bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pilot Project for a Web-Based Dynamic Nomogram to Predict Survival 1 Year After Hip Fracture Surgery: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: McLeod Graeme , Kennedy Iain , Simpson Eilidh , Joss Judith , Goldmann Katriona 
Published: February 2022

Background
Hip fracture is associated with high mortality. Identification of individual risk informs anesthetic and surgical decision-making and can reduce the risk of death. However, interpreting mathematical models and applying them in clinical practice can be difficult. There is a need to simplify risk indices for clinicians and laypeople alike.

Objective
Our primary objective was to develop a web-based nomogram for prediction of survival up to 365 days after hip fracture surgery.

Methods
We collected data from 329 patients. Our variables included sex; age; BMI; white cell count; levels of lactate, creatinine, hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein; physical status according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System; socioeconomic status; duration of surgery; total time in the operating room; side of surgery; and procedure urgency. Thereafter, we internally calibrated and validated a Cox proportional hazards model of survival 365 days after hip fracture surgery; logistic regression models of survival 30, 120, and 365 days after surgery; and a binomial model. To present the models on a laptop, tablet, or mobile phone in a user-friendly way, we built an app using Shiny (RStudio). The app showed a drop-down box for model selection and horizontal sliders for data entry, model summaries, and prediction and survival plots. A slider represented patient follow-up over 365 days.

Results
Of the 329 patients, 24 (7.3%) died within 30 days of surgery, 65 (19.8%) within 120 days, and 94 (28.6%) within 365 days. In all models, the independent predictors of mortality were age, BMI, creatinine level, and lactate level. The logistic model also incorporated white cell count as a predictor. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that mortality differed as follows: age 80 vs 60 years had a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.6 (95% CI 0.3-1.1), a plasma lactate level of 2 vs 1 mmol/L had an HR of 2.4 (95% CI 1.5-3.9), and a plasma creatinine level of 60 vs 90 mol/L had an HR of 2.3 (95% CI 1.3-3.9).

Conclusions
In conclusion, we provide an easy-to-read web-based nomogram that predicts survival up to 365 days after hip fracture. The Cox proportional hazards model and logistic models showed good discrimination, with concordance index values of 0.732 and 0.781, respectively.
The Challenge of Debunking Health Misinformation in Dynamic Social Media Conversations: Online Randomized Study of Public Masking During COVID-19
Authors: Mourali Mehdi , Drake Carly 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe spread of false and misleading health information on social media can cause individual and social harm. Research on debunking has shown that properly designed corrections can mitigate the impact of misinformation, but little is known about the impact of correction in the context of prolonged social media debates. For example, when a social media user takes to Facebook to make a false claim about a health-related practice and a health expert subsequently refutes the claim, the conversation rarely ends there. Often, the social media user proceeds by rebuking the critic and doubling down on the claim.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the impact of such extended back and forth between false claims and debunking attempts on observers’ dispositions toward behavior that science favors. We tested competing predictions about the effect of extended exposure on people’s attitudes and intentions toward masking in public during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic and explored several psychological processes potentially underlying this effect.MethodsA total of 500 US residents took part in an online experiment in October 2020. They reported on their attitudes and intentions toward wearing masks in public. They were then randomly assigned to one of four social media exposure conditions (misinformation only vs misinformation+correction vs misinformation+correction+rebuke vs misinformation+correction+rebuke+second correction), and reported their attitudes and intentions for a second time. They also indicated whether they would consider sharing the thread if they were to see it on social media and answered questions on potential mediators and covariates.ResultsExposure to misinformation had a negative impact on attitudes and intentions toward masking (β=–.35, 95% CI –.42 to –.29; P<.001). Moreover, initial debunking of a false claim generally improved attitudes and intentions toward masking (β=.35, 95% CI .16 to .54; P<.001). However, this improvement was washed out by further exposure to false claims and debunking attempts (β=–.53, 95% CI –.72 to –.34; P<.001). The latter result is partially explained by a decrease in the perceived objectivity of truth. That is, extended exposure to false claims and debunking attempts appear to weaken the belief that there is an objectively correct answer to how people ought to behave in this situation, which in turn leads to less positive reactions toward masking as the prescribed behavior.ConclusionsHealth professionals and science advocates face an underappreciated challenge in attempting to debunk misinformation on social media. Although engaging in extended debates with science deniers and other purveyors of bunk appears necessary, more research is needed to address the unintended consequences of such engagement.
Pandemic-Related Impairment in the Monitoring of Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes and the Development of a Digital Solution for the Community Health Worker: Quasiexperimental and Implementation Study
Authors: Cimini Christiane Correa Rodrigues , Maia Junia Xavier , Pires Magda Carvalho , Ribeiro Leonardo Bonisson , Pinto Vânia Soares de Oliveira e Almeida , Batchelor James , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Marcolino Milena Soriano 
Published: February 2022

Background
The restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic reduced health service access by patients with chronic diseases. The discontinuity of care is a cause of great concern, mainly in vulnerable regions.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) regarding the frequency of consultations and whether their disease was kept under control. The study also aimed to develop and implement a digital solution to improve monitoring at home.

Methods
This is a multimethodological study. A quasiexperimental evaluation assessed the impact of the pandemic on the frequency of consultations and control of patients with hypertension and DM in 34 primary health care centers in 10 municipalities. Then, an implementation study developed an app with a decision support system (DSS) for community health workers (CHWs) to identify and address at-risk patients with uncontrolled hypertension or DM. An expert panel assessment evaluated feasibility, usability, and utility of the software.

Results
Of 5070 patients, 4810 (94.87%) had hypertension, 1371 (27.04%) had DM, and 1111 (21.91%) had both diseases. There was a significant reduction in the weekly number of consultations (107, IQR 60.0-153.0 before vs 20.0, IQR 7.0-29.0 after social restriction; P<.001). Only 15.23% (772/5070) of all patients returned for a consultation during the pandemic. Individuals with hypertension had lower systolic (120.0, IQR 120.0-140.0 mm Hg) and diastolic (80.0, IQR 80.0-80.0 mm Hg) blood pressure than those who did not return (130.0, IQR 120.0-140.0 mm Hg and 80.0, IQR 80.0-90.0 mm Hg, respectively; P<.001). Also, those who returned had a higher proportion of controlled hypertension (64.3% vs 52.8%). For DM, there were no differences in glycohemoglobin levels. Concerning the DSS, the experts agreed that the CHWs can easily incorporate it into their routines and the app can identify patients at risk and improve treatment.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant drop in the number of consultations for patients with hypertension and DM in primary care. A DSS for CHW has proved to be feasible, useful, and easily incorporated into their routines.
Sammetsdiktaturen: Motstånd och medlöpare i dagens Ryssland
Authors: Khoroltseva Evgeniya 
Published: February 2022

Det er vanskelig å være journalist i dagens Russland. Det at man er en utenlandsk journalist gjør ikke situasjonen bedre. Styresmaktene slår hardt ned på kritisk journalistikk og sivilt engasjement. I Sammetsdiktaturen: Motstand og medløpere i dagens Russland gir Anna-Lena Lauren en verdifull innsikt i journalistvirke i Russland i dag, samt et innblikk i samfunnslivet generelt.It is hard to be journalist in Russia today, and being a foreign journalist does not make the situation better. The Russian authorities strike out against critical journalism and civil activism. Anna-Lena Lauren gives valuable insights into journalist realities in Russia as well as life in Russian society more generally in her new book Sammetsdiktaturen: Motstand og medløpere i dagens Russland (Velvet Dictatorship: Resistance and Collaboration in Today’s Russia).
Особенности самосознания подростков и информационного поведения в условиях цифровизации образования
Authors: Астапенко Диана В. 
Published: February 2022

В статье представлен обзор теоретических обоснований и практических исследований самосознания подростков. Обозначены ключевые моменты для дальнейших исследований. Новизна исследования заключается в исследовании работ, посвящённых цифровому пространству, как новой области социальной реальности, формирующей самосознание молодого поколения. Становится актуальным вопрос о характерных чертах самосознания у молодых людей и влиянии виртуальной среды на него. Несмотря на имеющиеся данные о самосознании подростков, в условиях цифровизации образования, времени, проведенного не в сети, становится всё меньше, появляются недостаточно изученные проблемы коммуникации и социализации. Во Введении раскрываются причины необходимости нового взгляда на изучение самосознания. В первую очередь это изменение социальной среды подростков, включающей в себя цифровое пространство, в которое они погружаются в свободное время, и повсеместная цифровизация образования. Обозначена важность подросткового периода в процессе формирования самосознания и дальнейшего становления собственной «Я-концепции». В Теоретическом обосновании автор, опираясь на культурно-историческую концепцию Л. С. Выготского, сделал обзор эмпирических исследований, посвященных становлению самосознания в контексте социальной среды. Далее рассматриваются средовые факторы, влияющие самосознание молодых людей. Информационная среда, изменившая различные области социальной реальности, оказывает влияние на трансформацию ценностно-смысловой сферы подростков. Отмечена социальная значимость изучения самосознания современной молодёжи, как залога психического здоровья, удовлетворенности жизнью. Далее обозначены работы, посвященные проблематика клипового мышления у подростков, изменения в когнитивной, эмоциональной сферах. В Обсуждении результатов подчёркивается важность изучения самосознания молодых людей в условиях цифровизации образования, как феномена, приобретающего новые черты.
New Business Strategy for Social Enterprise in Facing the Pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Paozi Isep , Famiola Melia 
Published: February 2022

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has changed people's lifestyles in various aspects of life. In the midst of such changes, Aqiqah Al-Hilal as the provider of Aqiqah catering services in Indonesia which provides packages of lamb dishes needs to make several adaptations so that the market does not leave it.
Aqiqah Al-Hilal is a social enterprise engaged in food catering services where the proceeds from its business are fully used to finance the education of some orphans in Indonesia. Nowadays, Aqiqah Al-Hilal faces problems in terms of decreasing turnover from 2020 until now. Based on data obtained from the Al-hilal financial manager. When the Covid-19 Pandemic Emergency began in March 2020 was announced by the Indonesian government, Aqiqah Al-Hilal experienced a significant decrease in turnover or company income
The purpose of this research is to identify the problems faced by Aqiqah Al-Hilal in carrying out their current business strategy and to propose the new business strategy for Aqiqah Al-Hilal as a social enterprise that must survive in running its business. This research uses a qualitative method with a single case study approach and uses interviews, observation, FGD, and documentation as data collection techniques.
Based on the analysis of the position of Aqiqah Al-Hilal in the current situation will determine the strategies that need to be taken to survive the pandemic. The results of the IE matrix show that Aqiqah Al-Hilal is in the Hold and Maintain position. In the "Hold and Maintain" position, the best strategy to do is market penetration and product development. These related details are explained clearly in this paper.
The Effect of Applying Banking Regulations on Banking Performance of MENA Region Countries
Authors: Alber Nader , Ramadan Hatem 
Published: February 2022

This paper attempts to investigate the effect of applying banking regulations on banking performance. This has been conducted on 19 MENA region countries (Egypt, Sudan, Lebanon, Libya, Iraq, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Palestine, Oman, Djibouti, Turkey, Kuwait, Jordan, and Mauritania), on a yearly basis over the period from 2008 to 2018.
Banking regulations have been measured by each of capital adequacy requirements (capital base to risk-weighted assets), liquidity requirements (liquid assets to total assets), legal reserve requirements (balances with CB to banks' deposit), leverage requirements (total equity to total assets) and provisions policy (total provisions to total capital), while Banking performance has been measured by each of banking efficiency using (data envelopment analysis "DEA" & operational efficiency ratio), banking stability (ABSI & Z-score indexes), credit risk ("non-performing loans" & "provisions for non-performing loans") and profitability (return on assets & return on equity).
Results indicate that there is a significant effect of applying banking regulations on each of "banking efficiency", "banking stability", "credit risk" and "profitability". This has been conducted using panel data analysis according to static panel models (SPM) according to three models (pooled regression, fixed effects, and random effects).
Diagnosis of Customer Expectations and Perceptions in Restaurants in the State of Tlaxcala
Authors: Saldaña Conde Sandra Karina , Hernández Crisanto Tenopala , Huerta Elizabeth Montiel , Téllez Gerardo Islas , López Alejandra Torres 
Published: February 2022

The restaurant industry is one of the main productive sectors in Mexico that generates an important economic benefit for the country, Mexican food in particular is recognized throughout the world for its great value and historical contribution. Derived from its importance, it is significant to consider offering quality customer service; However, if you want to improve the Mexican food restaurant sector, you must start by addressing all the problems that commonly occur in establishments on a day-to-day basis, derived from the support of a company with home delivery service in the state of Tlaxcala significant increase in customer complaints was detected, such as; they do not deliver as promised, slow service, poor attention from employees and even some complaints with food hygiene. The objective of the research is to analyze the perception and expectations of customers and identify the factors that impact the quality of the service received in Mexican food restaurants in the central area of the state of Tlaxcala, taking the Servqual model as a reference. The Servqual instrument adapted to 45 clients was applied to know their expectations and perceptions, the research was carried out in 3 Mexican food restaurants located in: Apizaco, Chiautempan and Tlaxcala Capital. The results showed that customers are not satisfied with the service they receive from restaurants because in the gap analysis all variables are negative, although the difference between expectations and perceptions is not so significant, so they generally agree. depending on the service received. The most critical variables or those with the greatest impact are responsiveness and empathy.
Partial Desilting of Irrigation Tank to Enrich the Recharge Capacity
Authors: D Allwin , Ganesan Madhavi 
Published: February 2022

The hydrology of Groundwater movement depends upon the physical and chemical characteristics of both soil and water. These features must be measured and related to subsurface storage space and water dynamics, so as to decide the feasibility of a site for recharge and to select suitable methods and systems of recharge. So that water may be efficiently stored underground and then used independently or conjunctively with releases from surface storage reservoirs. In irrigation tanks, heavy siltation is the main limiting factor for percolation efficiency. The study of geology or soil characteristics in the tank bed for the infiltration recharging system is rather more important. At the same time Hydraulic conductivity is also very important parameter. Therefore, estimates of initial infiltration rates are must for estimating hydraulic conductivities of infiltration system in irrigation tanks. In this study, it has been planned to assess the recharge behavior of the tank bed in order to locate the highly permeable zone for desilting by conducting geophysical survey to demarcate the location for infiltration test. The results obtained from the infiltration test were correlated with the soil properties. From the analysis, the recharge characteristics of the tank bed were assessed.
The Study of Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Non-Uniform Multiple Feed Stock Availability and Composition in Nigeria
Authors: Orhorhoro Ejiroghene Kelly 
Published: February 2022

This paper reports the research work carried out on the study of anaerobic co-digestion of non-uniform multiple feed stock availability and composition in Nigeria. Organic municipal solid wastes comprises of the composition of corn cobs, potato peels, pineapple peels, rice waste, yam peels, cassava peels, orange peels, garri leftover and banana peels, was digested separately and the same time co-digested with wastewater collected from septic tanks, abattoir, and cold room in Benin City, Nigeria. The results obtained shows that the co-digestion of organic municipal solid wastes and wastewater had better average biogas yields (0.625), shorter retention period of 29 days, frequent number of evacuation and average rate of biogas yield of 0.0217 when compared to anaerobic digestion of organic municipal solid wastes only with an average biogas yield of 0.4025, longer retention period of 38 days and average rate of biogas yield of 0.0106. Therefore, anaerobic co-digestion of organic municipal solid wastes and wastewater enhances better biogas yields.
Detraction the Clutter for the Best Binary Phase Codes that Begot By Genetic Algorithm Using Wiener Filter
Authors: Ali Weaam Talaat 
Published: February 2022

This work illustrates the performance of detraction of clutter (unwanted echo signals, which mask the desired target signal and make difficult to detect the target) as a result of binary codes generating by genetic algorithm with length up to 105 bits, with use the minimum peak sidelobes as criteria for generation codes. Then, for further reduction of sidelobes, the mismatched optimum integrated sidelobe level filter (Wiener filter) is used with and without White Gaussian Noise. When the mismatched filter is used without noise, then the reduction of sidelobe level has the improvement of peak sidelobe level value on the average (4-15) dB, and for integrated sidelobe level value on the average (5-17) dB, which depends on the code length while it is accompanied by, signal to noise ratio loss level in range (0.2-1.4) dB. On other hand, when the mismatched filter is used with noise, the signal to noise ratio loss level is in range (0.2-1.4) dB.
Simulation of Substrate, Microbial Interaction with Recycle using Matlab Computational Approach
Authors: Ukpaka Chukwuemeka Peter 
Published: February 2022

This research outlines the microbial and substrate interaction in a plug flow bioreactor system for effective utilization of the substrate by the microorganism. To achieve this mathematical models were developed to monitor, predict and simulate the interaction characteristics of the bioreactor using the functional parameters for interaction of microbial and substrate concentration in a plug flow reactor system. The MATLAB computer program language was used to determine the interaction relationship between the substrate and microbial concentration upon the influence of bioreactor volume, space time and discharge time. The characteristics of the behavior in terms of decrease in substrate concentration with increase in microbial concentrate revealed the interaction in the bioreactor with recycle.
Path Loss Prediction Model for GSM Fixed Wireless Access
Authors: Elechi Promise 
Published: February 2022

This research investigated the effect of building materials on GSM signals quality. Measurements were conducted on MTN, Glo, Airtel and Etisalat networks using Radio Frequency Signal Tracker on six different building patterns. The results showed that building with alucoboard wall cladding had the highest signal loss while the sandcrete building/unrusted corrugated iron sheet roof had the least signal loss. Also, a model to predict signal penetration through building walls was developed. It was developed using the principles of Fresnel Refraction Coefficient and the knife-edge diffraction. The total losses from the transmitter to the receiver was modelled as a combination of three different effects; losses due to free-space propagation from transmitter to building; the penetration loss was modelled as a combination of the wall penetration loss and the diffraction loss. The results show that despite the condition of the building walls, movement of people in the environment/room also affected the wireless signal quality as well as the chairs and gadgets in the room. The indoor signal path loss in the rooms increased from when the walls were plastered and continued until when the walls were covered with curtains, both rooms reduced by 4dBm. The mean squared error ranged between 1.6dBm and 2.1dBm with a standard deviation between 11.1 and 11.5.
A Non-domination Pareto-based Scale-Invariant Approach for Face Recognition
Authors: Kaur Taqdir , Dhir Renu 
Published: February 2022

Human face recognition has presented a major challenge to the researchers from different domains enabling to enhance the security and pattern analysis. The different orientations, lighting, pose and facial expression of a human face constructs an array of similar images with variations. The identification of face under different circumstances has been the focus of the researchers from a decade to the present time. For face recognition higher the number of feature may not lead to high recognition rate. Hence, the selection of the optimum features becomes primary concern. It reduces the feature size and increases the recognition rate. Many algorithms have been proposed that fulfilled the goal of face recognition system but also comprises of some drawbacks. In this paper a novel Pareto-Optimized Evolutionary Approach with Scale Invariance Discrimination has been proposed. The algorithm extracts the set of relevant features from the given image. The optimization of the features is performed for finding the features that enhances the recognition rate. The algorithm performs the classification of the test image, given the set of training images to obtain the accuracy of human face identification. The recognition rate is evaluated to show the performance of the proposed approach with conventional methods.