bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boosting the Zn ion storage ability of amorphous MnO2 via surface engineering and valence modulation
Authors: Shi Xin , Liu Xinyue , Wang Enze , Cao Xianshuo , Yu Yanxia , Cheng Xiaoning , Lu Xihong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractManganese‐based oxides are promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) while suffering from poor reaction kinetics and structure collapse, resulting in inferior rate capability and cycling stability. Herein, an efficient crystal and surface engineering strategy is proposed to enhance the electron transfer ability of amorphous MnO2 and prevent its structure deformation during the Zn ion storage process. With the synergetic effect of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) coating and Co‐doping, the Zn//PEDOT@Co‐MnO2 (PCMO) batteries show a high capacity of 298.9 mAh g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1, a superior rate capability of 50.2% capacity retention at 10 A g−1, and outstanding cycling stability of 92.3% capacity retention after 1000 continuous cycles, significantly surpassing Zn//MnO2 (MO) and Zn//Co‐MnO2 (CMO) batteries in all aspects. Moreover, the peak energy density based on the mass of PCMO can reach 375 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1.25 kW kg−1, which is better than most recently reported aqueous energy storage devices, including AZIBs, supercapacitors, lead‐acid batteries, and nickel‐based alkaline batteries. This work provides valuable information for designing advanced high‐performance Mn‐based cathodes for AZIBs.
Do more with Less: Improving High Parameter Cytometry Through Overnight Staining
Authors: Whyte Carly E. , Tumes Damon J. , Liston Adrian , Burton Oliver T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent advances in flow cytometry have allowed high‐dimensional characterization of biological phenomena, enabling breakthroughs in a multitude of fields. Despite the appreciation of the unique properties of antigens and fluorophores in high‐parameter panel design, staining conditions are often standardized for short surface stains, regardless of antibody affinity or antigen accessibility. Here, we demonstrate how increasing antibody incubation times can lead to substantial improvements in sensitivity, maintaining specificity, and reducing background, while also significantly reducing the costs of high‐parameter cytometry panels. Furthermore, overnight staining reduces the influence of interexperimental variability, assisting accurate pooling over experiments over extended time courses. We provide guidance on how to optimize staining conditions for diverse antigens, including how different fixation strategies can affect epitope accessibility. Overnight staining can thus substantially improve the resolution, repeatability, and cost‐effectiveness of high‐parameter cytometry. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals
LLC.This article was corrected on 18 January 2023. See the end of the full text for details.
Detection and Quantitation of DNA Damage on a Genome‐wide Scale Using RADAR‐seq
Authors: Zatopek Kelly M. , Potapov Vladimir , Ong Jennifer L. , Gardner Andrew F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe formation and persistence of DNA damage can impact biological processes such as DNA replication and transcription. To maintain genome stability and integrity, organisms rely on robust DNA damage repair pathways. Techniques to detect and locate DNA damage sites across a genome enable an understanding of the consequences of DNA damage as well as how damage is repaired, which can have key diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Importantly, advancements in technology have enabled the development of high‐throughput sequencing‐based DNA damage detection methods. These methods require DNA enrichment or amplification steps that limit the ability to quantitate the DNA damage sites. Further, each of these methods is typically tailored to detect only a specific type of damage. RAre DAmage and Repair (RADAR) sequencing is a DNA sequencing workflow that overcomes these limitations and enables detection and quantitation of DNA damage sites in any organism on a genome‐wide scale. RADAR‐seq works by replacing DNA damage sites with a patch of modified bases that can be directly detected by Pacific Biosciences Single‐Molecule Real Time sequencing. Here, we present three protocols that enable detection of thymine dimers and ribonucleotides in bacterial and archaeal genomes. Basic Protocol 1 enables construction of a reference genome required for RADAR‐seq analyses. Basic Protocol 2 describes how to locate, quantitate, and compare thymine dimer levels in Escherichia coli exposed to varying amounts of UV light. Basic Protocol 3 describes how to locate, quantitate, and compare ribonucleotide levels in wild‐type and ΔRNaseH2 Thermococcus kodakarensis. Importantly, all three protocols provide in‐depth steps for data analysis. Together they serve as proof‐of‐principle experiments that will allow users to adapt the protocols to locate and quantitate a wide variety of DNA damage sites in any organism. © 2022 New England Biolabs. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Constructing a reference genome utilizing SMRT sequencingBasic Protocol 2: Mapping and quantitating genomic thymine dimer formation in untreated versus UV‐irradiated E. coli using RADAR‐seqBasic Protocol 3: Mapping and quantitating genomic ribonucleotide incorporation in wildtype versus ΔRNaseH2 T. kodakarensis using RADAR‐seq
VHDL implementation of circular shifting‐partial transmit sequence in MIMO OFDM systems
Authors: Abdel‐Atty Heba M. , Hassaneen Saly S. , Soliman Heba Y. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryOne of the basic issues in orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) frameworks is the peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR). There are several PAPR reduction methods available. The partial transmit sequence (PTS) technique is considered one of the superior techniques for overcoming this issue. In this study, an efficient VHSIC hardware description language VHDL implementation of the PTS design utilising roundabout circular shifting CS was planned. The proposed structured method was designed as a real‐time prototype circuit over a field programmable gate array (FPGA) utilising the VHDL language. The implementation results of the prototype circuit in terms of the resources used in the FPGA using the Xilinx synthesis tool on the Virtex‐5 board for SISO, 2 × 2 MIMO and 4 × 4 MIMO models for N‐IFFT 64 and 256 points are presented. The structured framework effectively combined to be a compact framework with low intricacy and high speed. Testing of the implemented circuit verified its functionality. A comparison of our proposed CS‐PTS scheme with previously used PTS schemes, such as the subblock scheme, showed that our proposed method is superior in terms of hardware complexity reduction.
Medical morbidity and risk of general hospital admission associated with concurrent anorexia nervosa and COVID‐19: An observational study
Authors: Winston Anthony P. , Taylor Michael J. , Himmerich Hubertus , Ibrahim Mohammad A. A. , Okereke Uju , Wilson Robert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveInvestigate medical morbidity and risk of general hospital admission for patients with concurrent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and anorexia nervosa (AN) who have not received severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination.MethodsUnited Kingdom eating disorders clinicians contributed to a database of patients with an eating disorder and COVID‐19. We used this to investigate demography, symptoms, hospitalization, treatment, and outcomes for those with AN.ResultsWe describe data for 49 patients (median age 21.5 years [interquartile range 17.0–33.5], 46 female) including 36 adults and 13 under‐18‐year‐olds. Three (6.1% [95% confidence interval 1.3%–17.9]) were admitted to a general hospital. For this sample, the expected age‐standardized hospital admission rate per COVID‐19 case (based on the general population of England) was 2.6% and therefore not significantly different to the hospitalization rate we observed. Three (including two of those admitted to hospital) contracted pneumonia. One had severe pneumonia and was admitted to an intensive care unit. No deaths or use of mechanical ventilation were recorded.DiscussionTo our knowledge, this represents the first study investigating medical morbidity or frequency of hospitalization for patients with COVID‐19 and AN. We did not find evidence that patients with AN are at increased risk of severe COVID‐19.Public SignificanceMedical morbidity and risk of hospitalization associated with concurrent COVID‐19 and anorexia nervosa (AN) had not, to our knowledge, been studied before. We used a database of patients with eating disorders and COVID‐19 (to which United Kingdom clinicians had contributed) to investigate presentation, treatment, outcomes, and COVID‐19 severity for those with AN and COVID‐19. We did not find evidence that patients with AN are at increased risk of severe COVID‐19.
Association of emotion recognition ability and interpersonal emotional competence in anorexia nervosa: A study with a multimodal dynamic task
Authors: Martini Matteo , Marzola Enrica , Musso Maria , Brustolin Annalisa , Abbate‐Daga Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveInterpersonal difficulties are evidenced in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and are thought to contribute to disease onset and maintenance, however, research in the framework of emotional competence is currently limited. Previous studies have often only used static images for emotion recognition tasks, and evidence is lacking on the relationships between performance‐based emotional abilities and self‐reported intra‐ and interpersonal emotional traits. This study aimed to test multimodal dynamic emotion recognition ability in AN and analyze its correlation with the psychometric scores of self‐ and other‐related emotional competence.MethodA total of 268 participants (128 individuals with AN and 140 healthy controls) completed the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test, the Profile of Emotional Competence, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, and measures of general and eating psychopathology. Scores were compared between the two groups. Linear mixed effects models were utilized to examine the relationship between emotion recognition ability and self‐reported measures and clinical variables.ResultsIndividuals with AN showed significantly poorer recognition of emotions of both negative and positive valence and significantly lower scores in all emotional competence dimensions. Beside emotion type and group, linear mixed models evidenced significant effects of interpersonal comprehension on emotion recognition ability.DiscussionIndividuals with AN show impairment in multimodal emotion recognition and report their difficulties accordingly. Notably, among all emotional competence dimensions, interpersonal comprehension emerges as a significant correlate to emotion recognition in others, and could represent a specific area of intervention in the treatment of individuals with AN.Public SignificanceIn this study, we evidence that the ability to recognize the emotions displayed by others is related to the level of interpersonal emotional competence reported by individuals with anorexia nervosa. This result helps in understanding the social impairments in people with anorexia nervosa and could contribute to advancements in the application of the training of emotional competence in the treatment of this disorder.
In hot water? Assessing the link between fundamental thermal physiology and predation of juvenile Chinook salmon
Authors: McInturf Alexandra G. , Zillig Ken W. , Cook Katherine , Fukumoto Jacqueline , Jones Anna , Patterson Emily , Cocherell Dennis E. , Michel Cyril J. , Caillaud Damien , Fangue Nann A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn light of ongoing environmental change, understanding the complex impact of interacting stressors on species, communities, and ecosystems is an important challenge. Many studies to date examine the effects of potential stressors on a single species of concern. Yet these effects often resonate throughout a community and may produce changes in ecosystem dynamics that are equally critical to species resilience. The aim of this study was to develop a mechanistic understanding of how a rapidly changing stressor, water temperature, will alter trophic interactions among ectothermic fish species. In our region, California's Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta system, it has been speculated that the decreased survivorship of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in warming waters may be caused partly by increased predation. Temperature influences metabolic rate functions and the amount of energy available for fitness‐relevant parameters (i.e., swim performance and escape response). Consequently, we hypothesized that these patterns of predation emerge due to a physiological advantage of predators over prey at warmer temperatures. To explore this, our first objective was to determine the fundamental thermal physiology of juvenile Chinook salmon and their potential predators in the Delta. Three physiological performance traits were measured for each species across a spectrum of temperatures: aerobic scope, burst speed, and the ability to burst repeatedly. For our second objective, we assessed whether the effect of temperature on these performance traits predicted the outcome of predation trials conducted across the same temperature spectrum. We found that temperature effects were species or population specific. Additionally, absolute burst swimming ability and the relative burst performance between predator and prey were stronger indicators of trophic dynamics than aerobic scope. Our analyses also confirmed that a major predator in the Delta, specifically largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), is more thermally adapted to higher temperatures and will likely consume salmon with an increasing frequency as waters warm. Thus, we show that an improved understanding of how fundamental thermal physiology impacts predation can provide ecosystem managers with better tools to predictively model predation upon juvenile salmon based on prevailing and future water temperatures.
Piñon and juniper tree removal increases available soil water, driving understory response in a sage‐steppe ecosystem
Authors: McIver James , Grace James B. , Roundy Bruce 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOver the past century, piñon and juniper trees have encroached into sagebrush steppe lands of the interior United States, and managers have for many years removed trees to stimulate the favored understory. While consistent understory response to tree removal in these semiarid lands suggests that trees outcompete other plants for water, no studies have linked increased soil water to understory response after tree removal. We tested the hypothesis that tree removal at six sagebrush steppe sites increased soil water, leading to increased understory plant cover. Using a structural equation model, we found that before tree removal, trees suppressed shrubs (standardized coefficient [SC] = −0.87), perennial deep‐rooted (SC = −0.50) and shallow‐rooted bunchgrasses (SC = −0.36), but had no influence on cheatgrass. The model explained between 2% (cheatgrass) and 40% (shrubs) of pretreatment cover variation. Measurement of the same plots six years post‐treatment showed that most cover variation was due directly to plant growth, with standardized coefficients between 0.51 (perennial shallow‐rooted grasses) and 0.72 (cheatgrass). Competition between cheatgrass and perennial deep‐rooted grasses was evident, with perennials having twice the influence on cheatgrass than vice‐versa (SC = −0.24 vs. −0.11). Spring soil water (wet‐degree days) increased significantly after tree removal, measured as cumulative over 6 years (SC = 0.30), and in the early Spring of year six (SC = 0.16). Treatment‐induced increase of cumulative Spring wet degree‐days explained variation in shrub cover at year 6 (SC = 0.12) and the increase of early Spring wet degree‐days at year 6 led to increases in perennial deep‐rooted grasses (SC = 0.24) and cheatgrass (SC = 0.23). We detected no influence of Spring wet degree‐days on perennial shallow‐rooted grasses. The post‐treatment model explained between 34% (shallow‐rooted perennial grasses) and 69% (deep‐rooted perennial grasses) of variation in understory cover. Most variation was explained by re‐measurement of the same populations, followed by treatment effects mediated through increased soil water availability, soil factors, and direct effects of the treatment itself. In conclusion, our model is consistent with the a priori hypothesis that additional wet degree‐days due to tree removal is a significant mechanism behind observed increases in understory cover.
Beyond the campaign‐style enforcement: A consensual approach to bridge the environmental policy implementation gap
Authors: Pan Fanfan , Xu Jianhua , Xue Lan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExisting studies on environmental policy implementation in China have largely been focused on the inadequacy of environmental policy implementation at local levels and the adversarial campaign‐style enforcement used to remedy it, while overlooked other approaches to addressing environmental issues. We present a case in which a consensual approach was used to control water pollution and identify key factors contributing to the adoption and success of such an approach. The research unit is the process of water pollution control in Shandong Province from 2002 to 2011. During the case period, the pulp and paper industry (the leading polluting source) was regulated with gradually tightened water pollution discharge standards which were made and implemented in a consensual way, surface water quality was greatly improved, and the economic output of the regulated industry grew rapidly. Key factors contributing to the adoption and success of such an approach include the presence of a capable policy entrepreneur who played an important role in policy innovation, forging consensus building in policy making and facilitating consensual policy implementation; the deep and wide involvement of the regulated firms in the policy making process which allowed them to share know‐how and express preferences; and the strong political support from provincial higher‐ups which signaled strong political wills. The findings enrich our understanding of environmental policy enforcement in China by adding a set of internal factors to a literature pool focusing more on the the influence of such external factors as institutional incentiveson policy processes and outcomes.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Multi‐Molybdenum‐Substituted Preyssler‐type Phosphotungstates
Authors: Khoiru Wihadi Muh. Nur , Haioka Terufumi , Kojima Tatsuhiro , López Xavier , Ueda Tadaharu , Sano Tsuneji , Sadakane Masahiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe report the synthesis of multi‐Mo‐substituted Preyssler‐type phosphotungstates, [P5W30‐xMoxO110Na(H2O)]14−, with different amounts of incorporated Mo via the hydrothermal reactions of H3PO4, Na2WO4, and Na2MoO4; and characterization by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR), elemental analysis, electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), and cyclic voltammetry. The number of substituted Mo increases by increasing the amount of Na2MoO4 in the reaction mixture, and in the [P5W30‐xMoxO110Na(H2O)]14−, up to penta‐Mo‐substituted species can be produced as mixtures of isomers with different Mo numbers and Mo positions. Single crystal X‐ray structure analysis and density functional theory calculation indicate that the most suitable substitution position is the belt position.
Removal of molybdenum from wastewater using modified amino‐functional framework: A study of the adsorption properties
Authors: Saghian Mahdie , Dehghanpour Saeed , Sharbatdaran Massoomeh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHerein, we have employed a convenient method to study kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption of molybdenum from wastewater by using modified Zr‐based metal–organic frameworks, UIO‐66‐NH2‐X, as adsorbents. The frameworks were fabricated with a simple and fast method from terephthalic acids and Zirconium metal ions and modified via introduction of aldehyde groups using imine condensation. This is the first report in which MOFs have been utilized as adsorbents in molybdenum adsorption. The prepared adsorbents show high adsorption efficiency, which is representative of an improvement compared to other literature. The adsorption capacity and molybdenum removal for the modified framework are 667 mg/g and 93%, respectively which is a significant and remarkable value among other previously reported articles. The experimental adsorption data could be well interpreted with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamic studies illustrated a spontaneous exothermic mechanism for the adsorption process.
Synthesis of efficient, reusable, biomorphic hierarchical MgAlLa mixed metal oxides for removal of fluoride ions
Authors: Shi Yuemei , Li Qiurong , Xu Hua , Xiao Haiyan , Pei Jiarong , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Tao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs an easily available layered double hydroxides (LDHs), hydrotalcites show significant effect in the adsorption of various ions in wastewater. It is worth noting that the calcined products (LDOs) of LDHs as adsorbents have the advantages of large specific surface area, low cost, renewable and non‐toxic to the environment. Herein, sustainable, efficient, biological, and hierarchical structure MgAlLa mixed metal oxides using catkins as a template (BC‐LDOs) are reported. A facile synthetic approach was presented for hierarchical MgAlLa layered double hydroxides via the simple coprecipitation method followed by a subsequent calcination at 550°C for 3 h. BC‐LDOs were characterized with IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and BET and were studied for their adsorption performance of fluoride. The results showed that high‐specific surface area of BC‐LDOs is 118.02 m2/g, which is 10 times higher than that of MgAlLa mixed metal oxides without template (MgAlLa‐LDOs). BC‐LDOs had the best adsorption effect at pH 4–5 and the removal efficiency could reach more than 98%. In the experimental results involved in the study, the maximum adsorption capacity is 33.15 mg/g. In addition, the adsorption process of fluoride ions conformed to the pseudo‐second‐order model and the Freundlich model. Furthermore, the synthesized BC‐LDOs were recyclable and still exhibited good adsorption effect after 5 times of regeneration. The innovation of this study lies in the introduction of multi‐fiber catkins. There is no report on the introduction of catkins into LDHs in relevant studies. Hence, BC‐LDOs have a broad application prospect in the treatment and adsorption of fluoride‐containing wastewater.
Theoretical analysis and experimental research on R1234yf as alternative to R134a in a heat pump system
Authors: Wang Hongli , Zhang Shuaihua , Li Huasong , Guo Xiaoying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the growing awareness of dual threats of global warming potential (GWP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP), the theoretical analysis and experimental testing of R1234yf refrigerant as alternative to R134a in a heat pump were analyzed. The results show that when the discharge pressure decreases from 1.6 MPa to 0.9 MPa, the heating COPh of R134a and R1234yf heat pumps decreases by 26.97% and 28.78%, respectively. When the evaporation temperature increases from −10 to 10°C, the heating COPh of R134a and R1234yf heat pumps increases by 12.68% and 20.88%. When the cooling water volume flow increases from 0.14m3/h to 0.35m3/h, the heating COPh of R134a and R1234yf heat pumps increases by 13.07% and 6.56%. When the chilled water volume flow increases from 0.35 to 0.53 m3/h, the heating COPh of R134a and R1234yf heat pumps increases by 30.31% and 29.38%. The error of theoretical calculation and experimental testing is between +10% and −15%.