bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel predictor of the occurrence of DKA in T1DM patients without infection: A combination of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and white blood cells
Authors: Cheng Yiping , Yu Wenhao , Zhou Yuping , Zhang Tao , Chi Haiyan , Xu Chao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The role of inflammation has been identified in the pathogenesis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and white blood cells (WBC) can be used to predict a systemic inflammatory response. Changes in NLR and WBC levels have never been explored in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients with DKA and an uninfected state. This retrospective study included a total of 644 participants. NLR and WBC were measured in the control group (n = 316) and in T1DM patients with mild-DKA (n = 92), severe-DKA (n = 52), and non-DKA (n = 184) in an uninfected state. Then, we assessed the independent predictors of DKA occurrence in T1DM patients in an uninfected state. The diagnostic performance of variables was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Serum NLR of T1DM patients is significantly higher than that of normal controls, and if DKA occurs, NLR increases further and increases with the severity of DKA. In addition to diastolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and WBC, NLR was also independently associated with DKA in T1DM patients with an uninfected state (OR = 1.386, 95% CI: 1.127–1.705, p = 0.002). Furthermore, the diagnosis analysis showed that except for NLR and WBC, the area under the curve (AUC) of indicators with a statistical difference in patients with and without DKA were 0.747 for DKA diagnosis, and after the addition of NLR and WBC, the AUC was 0.806. The increased NLR level represents a low-cost and highly accessible predictor for DKA in T1DM patients with an uninfected state. The addition of inflammation indicators can play a statistically significant role in the prediction model of the DKA occurrence.
Nursing students’ experiences and perceptions of an innovative graduate level healthcare grand challenge course: a qualitative study
Authors: Nowell Lorelli , Dhingra Swati , Carless Sandra , Davidson Sandra , Carr Eloise 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Nursing leaders are increasingly required to create and implement innovative solutions to address challenges in the workplace. However, the present-day education of graduate nurses may not adequately prepare them for entrepreneurial approaches to problem solving required in today’s complex healthcare environments. To fill this gap, we designed, implemented, and evaluated a Healthcare Grand Challenge course for graduate nurses interested in developing their leadership skills. Following the course, students were invited to participate in a qualitative research study to explore their experiences and perceptions of the course and identify how they used the knowledge and skills developed through the course in their leadership practices. This study provides key lessons for future offerings of grand challenge courses while highlighting the influence of grand challenge courses on current and future nursing leadership practice.
The Invention of Clutter and the New Spiritual Discipline of Decluttering
Authors: Lang Hearlson Christy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This essay argues that the popular global decluttering movement epitomized in Marie Kondo is a new spiritual discipline tailored to a particular cultural moment in which members of affluent societies, especially women, are caught between the shame of displaying too much “stuff” at home and the guilt of discarding it. After suggesting reasons for the movement’s neglect by theologians, the essay offers a brief history of the “invention of clutter.” Through this history, the essay frames decluttering as an expression of “makeover culture” that posits a timeless aesthetic self. Decluttering functions as a spiritual practice of late consumer capitalism that converts its followers to a disposition of detachment through procedures that mirror Christian conversion. While appreciating the attention the movement shows to women’s domestic lives and to material things, the essay offers a theological critique of the movement’s construction of an aesthetic self who is absolved of guilt by escaping time and the ecological web into private, timeless space. The essay commends instead a narrative, ecological self whose engagement with material things reflects a sacramental vision that issues in virtues like frugality.
Compact meta-spectral image sensor for mobile applications
Authors: Lee Jaesoong , Park Yeonsang , Kim Hyochul , Yoon Young-Zoon , Ko Woong , Bae Kideock , Lee Jeong-Yub , Choo Hyuck , Roh Young-Geun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We have demonstrated a compact and efficient metasurface-based spectral imager for use in the near-infrared range. The spectral imager was created by fabricating dielectric multilayer filters directly on top of the CMOS image sensor. The transmission wavelength for each spectral channel was selected by embedding a Si nanopost array of appropriate dimensions within the multilayers on the corresponding pixels, and this greatly simplified the fabrication process by avoiding the variation of the multilayer-film thicknesses. The meta-spectral imager shows high efficiency and excellent spectral resolution up to 2.0 nm in the near-infrared region. Using the spectral imager, we were able to measure the broad spectra of LED emission and obtain hyperspectral images from wavelength-mixed images. This approach provides ease of fabrication, miniaturization, low crosstalk, high spectral resolution, and high transmission. Our findings can potentially be used in integrating a compact spectral imager in smartphones for diverse applications.
Fabrication of inverted organic solar cells on stainless steel substrate with electrodeposited and spin coated ZnO buffer layers
Authors: Namawardana D. G. K. Kalara , Wanigasekara R. M. Geethanjana , Wanninayake W. T. M. Aruna P. K. , Jayathilaka K. M. D. Charith , Wijesundera Ruwan P. , Siripala Withana , Malik Muhammad Imran 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Polymer based organic solar cells (OSCs) are of tremendous interest as suitable candidates for producing clean and renewable energy in recent years. In this study, inverted OSCs on stainless steel (SS) substrate with zinc oxide (ZnO) as the electron selective transport layer (ESTL), are investigated, occupying bulk heterojunction blend of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as the active material and poly-(4,3-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the hole transport layer (HTL). The device structure is SS/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS/Au. ZnO films are prepared by spin coating and electrodeposition techniques, followed by annealing under ambient conditions. The insertion of ZnO layer between the SS substrate and active layer has improved short-circuit current (J
sc), open-circuit voltage (V
oc), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (PCE) compared to those of the reference cell without ZnO layer, achieving the highest efficiency of 0.66% for the device with spin coated ZnO from sol–gel technique. This enhancement can be attributed to the effective electron extraction and the increased crystallinity of ZnO after annealing treatments at higher temperatures as further confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses.
Review of characteristics and analytical methods for determination of indomethacin
Authors: Dandić Andrea , Rajkovača Katarina , Jozanović Marija , Pukleš Iva , Széchenyi Aleksandar , Budetić Mateja , Samardžić Mirela 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the first choice of treatment for rheumatic disorders and other degenerative inflammatory diseases. One of them, indomethacin (INDO), is highlighted in this study. With its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties, it is one of the most powerful drugs used in various clinical trials and therapies related to the mechanism of blocking prostaglandin synthesis, thus reducing and eliminating many inflammatory conditions in patients. To ensure the efficacy and safety of this drug in pharmaceutical and clinical use, precise product quality control is required. Such control is performed with routine pharmaceutical analysis using various chemical methods by which INDO is identified as a separate active ingredient in the multicomponent system of a complete pharmaceutical form. In addition, the determination of INDO is important in clinical practice, where its concentration is determined in different biological samples, ensuring better monitoring of a particular therapy. The most commonly used methods for the determination of INDO are high-performance liquid chromatography (37% of developed methods), voltammetry (16% of developed methods), and UV spectroscopy (11% of developed methods). However, each of these methods must provide precise validation parameters. A combination of analytical methods can lead to more precise results and safer application in practice.
Crystallographic complexity partition analysis
Authors: Hornfeck Wolfgang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present an illustrative analysis of the complexity of a crystal structure based on the application of Shannon’s entropy formula in the form of Krivovichev’s complexity measures and extended according to the contributions of distinct discrete probability distributions derived from the atomic numbers and the Wyckoff multiplicities and arities of the atoms and sites constituting the crystal structure, respectively. The results of a full crystallographic complexity partition analysis for the intermetallic phase Mo3Al2C, a compound of intermediate structural complexity, are presented, with all calculations performed in detail. In addition, a partial analysis is discussed for the crystal structures of α- and β-quartz.
Validation of Panoramic Ultrasound Measurement of the Cross-Sectional Area of the Vastus Medialis
Authors: Minnehan Kaitlin S. , Dexter William W. , Holt Christina T. , Scharnetzki Liz , Alex James P. , Chin Kaitlyn E. , Kokmeyer Dirk J. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Minnehan, KS, Dexter, WW, Holt, CT, Scharnetzki, L, Alex, JP, Chin, KE, and Kokmeyer, DJ. Validation of panoramic ultrasound measurement of the cross-sectional area of the vastus medialis. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 41–45, 2023—The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the vastus medialis (VM) is an independent predictor of important clinical outcomes in musculoskeletal conditions of the knee, such as pain and long-term function. Previous studies validated ultrasound (US) to measure larger muscles of the thigh, but this approach has limited accuracy in measuring smaller muscles, such as the VM. In this study, we aimed to validate panoramic US measurements of the CSA of the VM and compare the results with those from the gold standard of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (significance set p ≤ 0.05). In this retrospective, single-center study, we compared pairs of US and MRIs taken of 25 adults who participated in a 10-week study of non–weight-bearing activity at a National Aeronautics and Space Administration facility. Images were acquired from various locations on the right thigh at multiple time points. Two researchers independently analyzed the US and MRI pairs by outlining the intermuscular border of the VM in the most distal image. We found excellent agreement between the US and MRI measurements of the CSA of the VM analyzed by researcher 1 (interclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.997) and researcher 2 (ICC: 0.980). We also found excellent agreement for interrater reliability for MRI (ICC: 0.988) and US (ICC: 0.982) and intrarater reliability for US for researcher 1 (ICC: 0.999) and researcher 2 (ICC: 0.996). Our findings demonstrate that US is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the CSA of the VM compared with MRI.
An Exemplar Frontal Plane Visual Kinematic Stimulus Elicits Sex-Specific Learned Behavior: An Exploratory Report
Authors: Hogg Jennifer A. , Riehm Christopher D. , Diekfuss Jed A. , Simon Janet E. , Acocello Shellie N. , Liang Yu , Wu Dalei , Myer Gregory D. , Wilkerson Gary B. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Hogg, JA, Riehm, CD, Diekfuss, JA, Simon, JE, Acocello, SN, Liang, Y, Wu, D, Myer, GD, and Wilkerson, GB. An exemplar frontal plane visual kinematic stimulus elicits sex-specific learned behavior: An exploratory report. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 857–861, 2022—The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine if a visually delivered kinematic stimulus designed to promote injury-resistant biomechanics would induce sex-specific motor learning effects. Six female subjects and 6 male subjects participated in 2 consecutive day sessions in which they mimicked an avatar performing 5 sets of 8 repetitions of exemplar frontal plane mechanics during single-leg squats. Acute (∼10 minutes) and delayed (∼24 hours) transfer testing under single-task (single-leg balance) and dual-task conditions (single-leg balance plus cognitive task) were referenced to baseline measurements. Center of pressure (CoP) mean velocity (Vel), SD, and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) in the anterior posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions were quantified, with dual-task costs defined as the percentage difference from single-task to dual-task. Separate 2 × 3 repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted for each dual-task cost variable. Main effects and interactions with large effect sizes considered as

≥ 0.14 were further explored with pairwise post hoc comparisons. Sex by time interactions were observed for medial-lateral standard deviation cost (

= 0.29; p = 0.04), anterior-posterior standard deviation cost (

= 0.27; p = 0.06), and AP DFA cost (

= 0.41; p = 0.007), in which female subjects displayed lower dual task cost at acute transfer testing compared with male subjects (Cohen's d = 1.52, 1.64, 0.97; p = 0.03, 0.02, and 0.13 respectively). This report provides preliminary evidence that female subjects may be more responsive than male subjects to a prescribed frontal plane kinematic visual stimulus. Based on these sex-specific effects, future visually driven stimuli may require alternative strategies to optimize efficacy in male subjects.
LC-MS/MS profiling, antibiofilm, antimicrobial and bacterial growth kinetic studies of Pluchea dioscoridis extracts
Authors: El-Shazly Maha A.M. , Hamed Ahmed A. , Kabary Hoda A. , Ghareeb Mosad A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The therapeutical applications of ornamental plants have been categorized to be of a great effectiveness in multiple industries from ancient times until present days. Pluchea dioscoridis is widely known Egyptian wooden plant that has been extensively applied for different medicinal purposes. In this study, LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the potent antimicrobial ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of P. dioscoridis leaves led to identification of 28 and 21 compounds, respectively. The identified compounds were categorized as phenolic acids, phenolic acids derivatives, organic acids, flavonoids (aglycones and glycosides), secoiridoids, coumarin derivatives, and gallotannins derivatives. Among them, caffeic acid 3-sulfate was the most predominate in the investigated extracts followed by ferulic acid and dicaffeoyl-quinic acid. Also, the antimicrobial potentiality of different extracts was evaluated against different pathogenic microbes including Enterobacter cloacae, Micrococcus leutus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus lichneformis and Clostridium species. Furthermore, different concentrations of the most potent extract were assayed for antibacterial efficacy on growth curve kinetics against the susceptible bacteria along 4days incubation period. Our gathered data confirmed that, the antimicrobial activity against tested bacteria was different according to the solvent used in the extraction process. Mostly, all the extracts showed a wide spectrum antibacterial activity except the plant water extract which shows a mild activity against Clostridium sp. only. Based on the highest inhibition zone diameter, the ethyl acetate extract followed by butanol extract exhibited the highest inhibition zone with Micrococcus luteus and B. subtilis (20.0 and 18.5 mm) respectively. Determining the effect of ethyl acetate extract at different concentration (0, 0.66, 1.66, 3.33, 6.67, 13.34 and 20.01 mg mL−1) on M. luteus growth kinetics, the data assured that the antibacterial activity shows concentration dependent manner with the highest antibacterial activity at 20.01 mg mL−1 culture. The data also confirmed that, none of the selected concentration showed bactericidal activity in the prepared cultures, and with the prolonged incubation period the bacteria acquire resistance against the extract beginning from second or third day of incubation.
Betting on bets
Authors: Welty Chris , Paritosh Praveen , Bollacker Kurt 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe AI Bookie column documents highlights from AI Bets, an online forum for the creation of adjudicatable predictions about the future of AI. Since the column's inception 3 years ago, only a few scientific bets have been collected, despite universal approval around the idea of scientific betting. We hope to widen our reach with an additional first batch of seed bets that are of broad interest to the research community including AI bias, fifth sentence prediction, emotion regulation, big models, and fake news. For detailed guidelines and to place bets, visit sciencebets.org.
The Quality Management of the Products Produced by the Enterprises for the Production of Metal Structures
Authors: Anikienko Nikolay , Savchenko Inna 
Published: January 2022

Currently, it is necessary to build a product quality management system that ensures the smooth operation of the organization, the competitiveness of products, the development and maintenance of the organization's quality goals. The article discusses the theoretical foundations of quality management of manufactured products at the enterprise. The necessity of quality management of the enterprise's products as the basis of the competitiveness of the enterprise is substantiated. The concept of quality management is considered. The stages of development of the quality management system are given. The threats of defective goods and their impact on the economic condition of the enterprise are considered. At the research stage, the Ishikawa causal diagram was used, developed using the 6M mnemonic technique. The quality control system of metal structures is analyzed. Losses from defects in the manufacture of metal structures were revealed. A Pareto diagram of the defected goods distribution is constructed, the data of which indicate that more than 55 % of the defects is caused by locksmiths, 17 % — undercuts, 13 % — displacement of holes and other reasons. The main reason was the insufficient level of qualification of locksmiths. In order to improve the quality of products, measures have been proposed concerning the retraining of workers, updating equipment. It is recommended at operational meetings to develop preventive and corrective measures to reduce defects, reduce the workload of engineers of the technical control department. The suggested measures will reduce the number of defective products, increase the competitiveness of the company's products.
PRESENTATION AND MANAGEMENT OF FAILED BACK SURGERY SYNDROME BY STEERABLE EPIDURAL CATHETER
Authors: Sulaiman Anjam , Abdulmajeed Othman , Rashid Hoshanc 
Published: January 2022

Background
Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a frequently occurring disease following lumbar spinal surgery. It has also been named “post lumbar surgery syndrome,” and much research has been done. The patients share continued back and extremity pain following one or more spinal operations. It may be due to inadequate operations, operative complications, progression of degenerative processes, or a new pathology.
Objectives
To successfully use a steerable epidural catheter to treat ‘Failed Back Surgery Syndrome’ patients. Study Design a case series was carried out on 50 patients with FBSS.
Methods
Clinical data were collected from patients with FBSS, pain symptoms, MRI findings. (VAS) the visual analog scale has been used for pain degree evaluation, (ODI) Oswestry disability index was used for functional improvement evaluation. Percutaneous adhesiolysis under fluoroscopy guide has been performed, and the patients were assessed at one month and three months intervals from the day of the procedure.
Results
In comparing to baseline values, there was a significant decrease of the mean and median VAS after one month and three months of the intervention (p < 0.001). The same is for the ODI%, where it is clear that its median decreased from 48% to 22% after one month (p < 0.001) and to 8% after three months (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Steerable epidural catheter was effective in FBSS treatment with improvement in pain and function.
REVISION OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS CASES ACCORDING TO NEW 2017 MCDONALD CRITERIA AMONG DIAGNOSED PATIENTS IN SULAIMANI CITY
Authors: Abdula Rzgar , Kurmanji Mohammed , Mohammed Zana , Al-Bajalan Sarwer 
Published: January 2022

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. The diagnosis of Multiple sclerosis is challenging, owing to having a comprehensive list of differentials and mimickers.
Objectives
To determine the frequency of misdiagnosed Multiple Sclerosis cases diagnosed among those patients in Sulaimani city.
Patients and and Methods
This retrospective observational study was conducted within a period between December 24th. 2019 and June 10th, 2020, on 106 already diagnosed patients. The study included patients diagnosed with the relapse-remitting form of multiple sclerosis. We excluded those patients with progressive forms of multiple sclerosis. We re-evaluated each patient in-depth and stratified the cases according to the diagnosis certainty based on the fulfillment of the 2017 McDonald Criteria. Finally, we returned those suspicious cases to the multiple sclerosis committee of Shar hospital to verify their final diagnosis.
Results
Sixteen (16.9%) out of 106 patients, there was diagnostic uncertainty in which 6 (5.7%) of them received the confirmatory diagnosis of relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis by the committee, and 1(0.9%) patient considered secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. In the remaining 9 (8.4%) patients, we found the clinically isolated syndrome in 5 (4.7%) patients, solitary sclerosis in 1 (0.9%) patient, stroke with polycythemia rubra vera (PRV) in 1 (0.9%) patient, possible cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy in 1 (0.9%) patient, and 1 (0.9 %) patient was undiagnosed.
Conclusion
To sum up, the frequency of multiple sclerosis misdiagnosis was 8.4% in Sulaimani city, slightly lower than the other reporting centers.