bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative evaluation of neuron developmental morphology in vitro using the change-point test
Authors: Liao Ashlee , Cui Wenxin , Zhang Yongjie Jessica , Webster-Wood Victoria 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Neuron morphology gives rise to distinct axons and dendrites and plays an essential role in neuronal functionality and circuit dynamics. In rat hippocampal neurons, morphological development occurs over roughly one week in vitro. This development has been qualitatively described as occurring in 5 stages. Still, there is a need to quantify cell growth to monitor cell culture health, understand cell responses to sensory cues, and compare experimental results and computational growth model predictions. To address this need, embryonic rat hippocampal neurons were observed in vitro over six days, and their processes were quantified using both standard morphometrics (degree, number of neurites, total length, and tortuosity) and new metrics (distance between change points, relative turning angle, and the number of change points) based on the Change-Point Test to track changes in path trajectories. Of the standard morphometrics, the total length of neurites per cell and the number of endpoints were significantly different between 0.5, 1.5, and 5 days in vitro, which are typically associated with Stages 2-4. Using the Change-Point Test, the number of change points and the average distance between change points per cell were also significantly different between those key time points. This work highlights key quantitative characteristics, both among common and novel morphometrics, that can describe neuron development in vitro and provides a foundation for analyzing directional changes in neurite growth for future studies.
Genetic background and clinical characteristics of infantile hyperammonaemia
Authors: Li Mengyao , Chen Xiang , Chen Huiyao , Hu Liyuan , Cao Yun , Cheng Guoqiang , Wang Laishuan , Wu Bingbing , Lu Wei , Yang Lin , Zhou Wenhao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study was conducted to analyse the genetic spectrum and clinical characteristics of infantile hyperammonaemia (HA).Methods: Between January 2016 and June 2020, we enrolled patients with definitive genetic diagnosis of infantile HA at the Children’s Hospital of Fudan University. Based on the age of HA onset, patients were grouped into neonatal and post-neonatal subgroups to compare their genetic and clinical features. Results: Collectively, 136 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants of the 33 genes were identified. Fourteen genes were reported with HA (42%, 14/33), with SLC25A13 and MUT being the top two detected genes. In contrast, 19 genes were not reported with HA (58%, 19/33), in which JAG1 and ABCC8 were the most frequently mutated genes. Compared with post-neonatal HA, neonatal HA patients presented with higher rates of organic acidemia (p = 0.001) and fatty acid oxidation disorder (p = 0.006), but a lower rate of cholestasis (p < 0.001). Neonatal HA patients had a higher ratio of peak plasma ammonia level ≥ 500 μmol/L (p = 0.003) and were more likely to receive precision medicine (p = 0.027); however, they had a refractory clinical course (p = 0.001) and poorer prognosis than the infantile group.Conclusions: There were significant differences in the genetic spectrum, clinical features, clinical course, and outcomes between infants with different HA onset ages.
Risk factors of preterm birth among newborns delivered in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia: A case-control study
Authors: Zewde Ashenafi , Gebremichael Bereket , Tesfaye Tewodros , Sibhat Migbar Mekonnen , Bimer Kirubel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
The rate of premature birth appears to have increased over time. Over 3.1 million babies died due to prematurity and its complications. The definite cause of preterm birth remains concealed with a wide setting variation that puts difficulty in drawing the national figure. Hence, this study scrutinized the determinants of premature delivery.
Methods
Unmatched case-control study was employed on 266 newborns. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, entered into Epi data 4.4.2, and analyzed using SPSS 25. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Variables with p < 0.25 in the bi-variable analysis were included in the final model. Finally, a p-value of ≤ 0.05 and an AOR with 95% CI was used to declare the statistical significance and strength of associations.
Findings:
An overall 266 mothers of neonates (89 cases and 177 controls) participated in the study with a 98.5% response rate. Having short inter-pregnancy interval [AOR = 4.00;95%CI:1.12,14.21], antepartum hemorrhage [AOR = 7.27;95%CI:2.16,35.50], premature rupture of membrane [AOR = 5.21;95%CI:1.10,24.72], intimate partner violence [AOR = 8.00;95%CI:1.93,33.21], and residing in rural areas [AOR = 3.72;95%CI:1.14,12.18] showed statistically significant association with preterm birth. Thereby, it is essential to strengthen screening and preventive services focusing on mothers who are at risk for obstetric complications such as antepartum hemorrhage and premature rupture of the membrane.
Opportunities for correction of individual links of the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma with assessment of the quality of life of patients
Authors: Korkmazov M. Yu. , Lengina M. A. , Dubinets I. D. , Korkmazov A. M. , Smirnov A. A. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. One of the antileukotriene drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis with and without polyposis is montelukast. The presented article presents the results of the analysis of the effectiveness, safety and impact on the quality of life of patients, the use of the singular, in various forms of allergic rhinitis and associated comorbid conditions.Aim of the study. To assess the impact on the quality of life of patients, the effectiveness and safety of the use of montelukast in the complex therapy of patients with allergic rhinitis and comorbid diseases.Materials and methods.A simple, blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial involved 97 patients divided into 4 groups: patients with moderate allergic rhinitis; allergic rhinitis of moderate severity and bronchial asthma; severe allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma; severe allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma and polypous rhinosinusitis. In parallel with the comparison of drug tolerability, safety and clinical symptoms (rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, bronchopulmonary manifestations), the quality of life was assessed using a special SNOT-22 questionnaire.Results. The use of the antileukotriene drug montelukast in the complex therapy of allergic rhinitis and related comorbid conditions significantly improved the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients over the entire period of treatment in all groups. There was an increase in the suppression of leukotriene-mediated effects when using montelukast, more in the group of people with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, such as symptoms of the allergic triad, mucus hypersecretion, bronchospasm, eosinophilia, increased vascular permeability, etc.Conclusion. In the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis and morbid conditions, Singular has demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cysteinyl leukotrienes, high bioavailability, good tolerability and safety.
The effectiveness of single inhaler triple therapy in patients with bronchial asthma in real clinical practice
Authors: Naumova V. V. , Beltyukov E. K. , Abdullaev V. Ch. , Shevtseva E. V. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. About 40% of patients with bronchial asthma on dual therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids and long-acting β2-agonists do not achieve asthma control.Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of triple therapy (fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium bromide, vilanterol) in a single inhaler in patients with bronchial asthma in real clinical practice.Material and methods. The study included 43 patients with bronchial asthma from municipal outpatients’ clinics in Ekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk region. The clinical-functional and clinical-economic efficiency of therapy was evaluated for 6 months before and after the appointment of a triple combination (fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium bromide, vilanterol) in a single inhalerResults and discussion. Of the 43 patients, 39 patients were included in the analysis. During 6 months of triple therapy in a single inhaler, the mean ACT value increased from 13 (Q1–Q3: 12–14) to 21 points (Q1–Q3: 20–22) (p < 0.001), the proportion of patients with uncontrolled asthma decreased from 100% initially to 15.4% at 6 months of therapy (p< 0.001). By the 6th month of therapy, all patients refused to take systemic glucocorticosteroids (p = 0.003), there was an increase in FEV1 from 73.0% (Q1–Q2: 70.0–75.0) to 82% (Q1–Q2: 80.0–86.5) (p < 0.001). The number of ambulance calls (from 0.28 ± 0.46 per 1 patient at baseline) and hospitalizations (from 0.67 ± 0.84 per 1 patient at baseline) decreased to 0 (p >< 0.001) after 6 months of treatment with the study drug. Savings in the management of 1 patient for 6 months on a triple therapy in a single inhaler amounted to 10523 rubles, and the prevented economic damage for 39 patients for 6 months of therapy is 410418 rubles. Conclusion. The triple therapy in a single inhaler made it possible to improve asthma control and respiratory function, stop taking systemic glucocorticosteroids, reduce the number of hospitalizations and emergency calls, while reducing direct costs per unit of efficiency.>< 0.001). The number of ambulance calls (from 0.28 ± 0.46 per 1 patient at baseline) and hospitalizations (from 0.67 ± 0.84 per 1 patient at baseline) decreased to 0 (p< 0.001) after 6 months of treatment with the study drug. Savings in the management of 1 patient for 6 months on a triple therapy in a single inhaler amounted to 10523 rubles, and the prevented economic damage for 39 patients for 6 months of therapy is 410418 rubles.Conclusion. The triple therapy in a single inhaler made it possible to improve asthma control and respiratory function, stop taking systemic glucocorticosteroids, reduce the number of hospitalizations and emergency calls, while reducing direct costs per unit of efficiency.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SAÚDE NO BRASIL: UMA TRAJETÓRIA DO IMPÉRIO A CRIAÇÃO DO SUS
Authors: Wahhab Kucharski Karina , Battisti Iara Denise Endruweit , Fernandes Denise Medianeira Mariotti , Anastácio Zélia Ferreira Caçador 
Published: April 2022

A trajetória das políticas de saúde no Brasil está relacionada diretamente a evolução política, social e econômica da sociedade brasileira, não sendo possível dissociá-los, a lógica do processo evolutivo sempre obedeceu à ótica do avanço do capitalismo, sofrendo forte pressão e intervenção internacional. O artigo apresenta as mudanças ocorridas no decorrer da história da saúde pública no Brasil, com objetivo de apresentar, brevemente, o percurso da Saúde Pública brasileira, desde os primeiros passos no período da Colonização, passando pelas épocas do Império, da República, do Militarismo, da Redemocratização, até o surgimento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Este estudo é uma revisão bibliográfica teórica que utilizou fontes como: livros, artigos científicos, plataformas de pesquisa como, Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Google acadêmico, site do Ministério da saúde e da Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Concluiu-se que a saúde nunca ocupou lugar central dentro da política do estado brasileiro, sendo sempre deixada na periferia do sistema, tanto no que diz respeito a solução dos grandes problemas de saúde que afligem a população, quanto na destinação de recursos direcionados ao setor. Esta situação crítica impôs a necessidade de mudanças nesse sistema e desencadeou o processo de implementação da reforma sanitária no Brasil, que tem como perspectiva fundamental a construção do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Palavras-chave: Política-pública. Saúde. Evolução histórica. Sistema Único de Saúde.
Determination of rainfed wheat agriculture potential through assimilation of remote sensing data with SWAT model case study: ZarrinehRoud Basin, Iran
Authors: Rostami Amin , Raeini-Sarjaz Mahmoud , Chabokpour Jafar , Azamathulla Hazi Md , Kumar Sumit 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Considering the importance of rainfed agriculture in adaptation to nature and long-term sustainability in the human food supply and livelihood of farmers, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of rainfed agriculture in the Zarrinehroud basin as this basin is one of the most important sub-basins of Lake Urmia. For this study, the remote sensing data of surface soil moisture and evapotranspiration were combined with the SWAT model using the Data Assimilation method, Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). Calibration of runoff flow rate in the SWAT model showed the correlation coefficient ranging between 0.69 and 0.84 in the calibration period (2000–2009) and between 0.64 and 0.86 for the validation period (2010–2014). The assimilation of the remote sensing data with the calibrated SWAT model showed that the model simulations for both the variables of surface soil moisture and actual evapotranspiration improved by at least 25% in both 2010 and 2014. It has been determined that 10.5 and 25.4% of the region's lands have a Very Appropriate and Appropriate potential for rainfed wheat agriculture, respectively. Areas with Moderate and Inappropriate potential occupy 64.1% of the lands in the region.
A Participatory Design Approach to Develop Visualization of Wearable Actigraphy Data for Health Care Professionals: Case Study in Qatar
Authors: Khowaja Kamran , Syed Wafa Waheeda , Singh Meghna , Taheri Shahrad , Chagoury Odette , Al-Thani Dena , Aupetit Michaël 
Published: April 2022

Background
Several tools have been developed for health care professionals to monitor the physical activity of their patients, but most of these tools have been considering only the needs of users in North American and European countries and applicable for only specific analytic tasks. To our knowledge, no research study has utilized the participatory design (PD) approach in the Middle East region to develop such tools, involving all the stakeholders in the product development phases, and no clear use cases have been derived from such studies that could serve future development in the field.

Objective
This study aims to develop an interactive visualization tool (ActiVis) to support local health care professionals in monitoring the physical activity of their patients measured through wearable sensors, with the overall objective of improving the health of the Qatari population.

Methods
We used PD and user-centered design methodologies to develop ActiVis, including persona development, brainwriting, and heuristic walkthrough as part of user evaluation workshops; and use cases, heuristic walkthrough, interface walkthrough, and survey as part of expert evaluation sessions.

Results
We derived and validated 6 data analysis use cases targeted at specific health care professionals from a collaborative design workshop and an expert user study. These use cases led to improving the design of the ActiVis tool to support the monitoring of patients’ physical activity by nurses and family doctors. The ActiVis research prototype (RP) compared favorably with the Fitbit Dashboard, showing the importance of design tools specific to end users’ needs rather than relying on repurposing existing tools designed for other types of users. The use cases we derived happen to be culturally agnostic, despite our assumption that the local Muslim and Arabic culture could impact the design of such visualization tools. At last, taking a step back, we reflect on running collaborative design sessions in a multicultural environment and oil-based economy.

Conclusions
Beyond the development of the ActiVis tool, this study can serve other visualization and human–computer interaction designers in the region to prepare their design projects and encourage health care professionals to engage with designers and engineers to improve the tools they use for supporting their daily routine. The development of the ActiVis tool for nurses, and other visualization tools specific to family doctors and clinician researchers, is still ongoing and we plan to integrate them into an operational platform for health care professionals in Qatar in the near future.
Perusall: herramienta de lectura colaborativa y anotación en línea para facilitar la comprensión lectora
Authors: Gudiño-Santos Ericka Fabiola , Espinosa Rodríguez Fernanda , Hernández Romo Alan Kristian 
Published: April 2022

Los profesores en ocasiones enfrentan el reto de que sus estudiantes realicen las lecturas asignadas de forma previa a la clase. Perusall es una plataforma gratuita de aprendizaje social en línea para promover la lectura y comprensión de los contenidos mediante el intercambio de ideas, resolución de problemas y aclaración de dudas. Se basa en la teoría del constructivismo social, el aprendizaje colaborativo, el sistema de anotaciones en línea y el compromiso del estudiante con el material de forma activa, constructiva e interactiva. Promueve el proceso de metacognición de los participantes y favorece la comprensión lectora.
Esta plataforma permite compartir contenidos en diversos formatos como: libros del catálogo de Perusall, páginas web, documentos desde la computadora y Dropbox, videos y podcast; lo anterior posibilita el desarrollo de actividades que fomenten el aprendizaje activo de los estudiantes al revisar e interactuar con el contenido; asimismo, mediante analíticas que genera la plataforma, los profesores pueden identificar los temas que requieren mayor atención y así planificar el diseño de sus clases.
En este artículo se describen las principales características de Perusall; las bases y principios teóricos sobre los que se fundamenta; sus principales funciones y herramientas; las fortalezas, limitaciones y desafíos de su uso; y los pasos y recomendaciones a seguir para un efectivo aprovechamiento de la plataforma.
Se espera que, al conocer estos aspectos, los profesores de ciencias de la salud incorporen esta herramienta a su práctica docente dado que puede ser de gran utilidad en distintas modalidades de enseñanza, para mejorar la comprensión lectora de sus estudiantes.
Flujos de capital y desarrollo financiero: una mirada desde países en desarrollo
Authors: Levy Orlik Noemí , Bustamante Jorge Alonso 
Published: April 2022

En América Latina la complejización de las relaciones financieras y la consolidación de la gran empresa tuvo lugar durante el periodo de globalización, con la peculiaridad de que el mercado de capitales no se desarrolló a la par, ya que las operaciones de las grandes empresas (multinacionales y multilatinas) no se realizaron a través de las instituciones financieras domésticas, sino vía la emisión de bonos en los centros financieros internacionales. A partir de esta idea es que se realiza un modelo econométrico de datos de panel que mide el impacto de los flujos de capital (IED y cartera) en un conjunto de indicadores del sector financiero y real para mostrar que la entrada de capital no contribuyó al desarrollo financiero ni al crecimiento económico.
The Problem of Drug addiction in India: Its Consequences and Effective measures
Authors: Dua Jasleen 
Published: April 2022

Drug Addiction is a very severe problem in the Indian region which is affecting all aspects of the society. It has received greater attention in recent times due to the proliferating magnitude of the problem and the changing trends in usage of drugs particularly in youth. Drugs have started breeding their own sub-culture, which has its own norms, values, behaviour and symbols. This problem deteriorates an individual’s health and happiness of an individual, the family, the community and the society. Today, there is no part of the world that is free from the curse of drug trafficking and drug addiction. Drug Addiction is not confined to a single person or region. Its number could be varied and found in any age, gender, ethnicity, social class or religion. As a matter of fact, the tentacles of drug addiction have spread world widely covering every country in the world. There are various factors like peer pressure, masses high aspirations, unemployment and changing societal order are continuously enhancing this particular menace. The present study therefore aims to study the distinctive consequences behind the problem of drug addiction which impacts the masses physically, psychologically, economically and socially. It also manifests some possible solutions that could be taken by family, community, friends and society to eradicate this problem.
Keywords: Drug Addiction, Drug Abuse, Drug Usage, Impacts of Drugs.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Single Oral Antidiabetic Drugs with Combination Antidiabetic Drugs in Lowering Blood Sugar in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at UKI General Hospital in 2014-2017
Authors: Lumbantobing Romauli , Kurniyanto , 
Published: April 2022

Diabetes Mellitus is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia or the glucose in the blood increased or beyond ordinary. The national prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia is 6,9%. Patients with Diabetes Mellitus can be given antidiabetic drugs such as sulfonylurea and glinid. The antidiabetic drug can be consumed as a combination or single. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant efficacy comparison between antidiabetic combination therapy and single antidiabetic therapy. This study is a retrospective casual research by looking at the medical record. From 30 patients, 15 patients using oral antidiabetic combination therapy and 15 patients using oral antidiabetic single therapy, there were mean differences on the first day where patients using oral antidiabetic single therapy mean 228,47 and patients using oral antidiabetic combination therapy mean 294,07. There is no significant difference between single antidiabetic therapy or antidiabetic combination therapy from the statistic test.
Keywords: Diabetes, Antidiabetic effectiveness
Nephroprotective Effect of Spermacoce hispida by reducing Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Experimental Model
Authors: Sitafale Gopal , Jat Rakesh Kumar , Pathan Amjad Khan , Biyani Kailas 
Published: April 2022

Present study was aimed to investigate the protective of Spermacoce hispida in Cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity using in vivo model. S. hispida was collected and extract of plant was prepared in different solvents and prepared extracts was used for phytochemical scrrening. Nephrotoxicity in rats was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Cisplatin at a dose of 5 mg/kg. S. hispida extract in different solvent at the dose 100 mg/kg used to find protective activity. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, oxidative stress, a proinflammatory cytokine, NO, and histological alteration was measured to estimate the therapeutic ability of S. hispida. BUN, creatinine, and inflammatory cytokine levels in rats were increased by Cisplatin but decreased by S. hispida treatment for 14 days. Besides, S. hispida treatment decreased oxidative stress and nitric oxide in Cisplatin-treated rats. Cisplatin treated rats shows altered structure of kidney tissue; meanwhile S. hispida normalizes the structure of kidney tissue. From this study, we conclude that S. hispida has nephroprotective activity by inhibiting the oxidative stress and NO production in rats from nephrotoxicity.
Keywords: Spermacoce hispida; Cisplatin; oxidative stress; Cytokine; Nitric oxide.