bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Often and Why Do Guilty and Innocent Suspects Confess, Deny, or Remain Silent in Police Interviews?
Authors: May Lennart , Raible Yonna , Gewehr Elsa , Zimmermann Johannes , Volbert Renate 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines how often and why suspects who have reported being either guilty or innocent remain silent, confess, or deny accusations in police interview situations. Convicted offenders under current probation or parole in Germany (N = 280) completed a questionnaire about their perceptions of up to six specific police interview situations they had experienced in their lifetime. As predicted, more suspects reported having confessed truthfully (64.3%) compared to falsely (4.1%) at least once in their lifetime; and more suspects reported having remained silent in guilty interview situations (58.4%) compared to innocent interview situations (18.4%). Unexpectedly, approximately an equal number of suspects reported having denied truthfully (39.8%) and falsely (40.2%) at least once in their lifetime. The main reasons reported for these statement types were that evidence seemed to indicate guilt (true confessions), suspects desired to end the uncomfortable interview situation or protect the real perpetrator/another person (false confessions), evidence seemed weak (false denials), suspects felt innocent (true denials), they desired to protect themselves (silence while being interviewed when guilty), and they followed their attorneys’ advice (silence while being interviewed when innocent). Findings are discussed in the context of the police and psychological research and practice.
Investment Subsidies Effectiveness: Evidence from a Regional Program
Authors: Chinetti Simone 
Published: June 2022

AbstractI provide novel empirical evidence on the effectiveness of public funding in lagging behind areas by investigating the effect of a subsidy program implemented in the Campania region (South Italy) and targeting SMEs. By relying on a Difference-in-Differences approach, my estimates demonstrate that the regional program produces a sizable increase in private firms’ innovative investment spending. However, I show also large heterogeneity in the firms’ response. In particular, I find that the positive effect on investment, compatible with the input-additionality hypothesis, comes from medium-large firms and low-tech medium-large enterprises. Finally, I show that the program has considerable indirect effects on medium-large low tech service firms’ labour demand but not on overall firms’ productivity.
Survey of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection control policies at leading US academic hospitals in the context of the initial pandemic surge of the severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) omicron variant
Authors: Rhee Chanu , Baker Meghan A. , Klompas Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective:To assess coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection policies at leading US medical centers in the context of the initial wave of the severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) omicron variant.Design:Electronic survey study eliciting hospital policies on masking, personal protective equipment, cohorting, airborne-infection isolation rooms (AIIRs), portable HEPA filters, and patient and employee testing.Setting and participants:“Hospital epidemiologists from U.S. News top 20 hospitals and 10 hospitals in the CDC Prevention Epicenters program.” As it is currently written, it implies all 30 hospitals are from the CDC Prevention Epicenters program, but that only applies to 10 hospitals. Alternatively, we could just say “Hospital epidemiologists from 30 leading US hospitals.”Methods:Survey results were reported using descriptive statistics.Results:Of 30 hospital epidemiologists surveyed, 23 (77%) completed the survey between February 15 and March 3, 2022. Among the responding hospitals, 18 (78%) used medical masks for universal masking and 5 (22%) used N95 respirators. 16 hospitals (70%) required universal eye protection. 22 hospitals (96%) used N95s for routine COVID-19 care and 1 (4%) reserved N95s for aerosol-generating procedures. 2 responding hospitals (9%) utilized dedicated COVID-19 wards; 8 (35%) used mixed COVID-19 and non–COVID-19 units; and 13 (57%) used both dedicated and mixed units. 4 hospitals (17%) used AIIRs for all COVID-19 patients, 10 (43%) prioritized AIIRs for aerosol-generating procedures, 3 (13%) used alternate risk-stratification criteria (not based on aerosol-generating procedures), and 6 (26%) did not routinely use AIIRs. 9 hospitals (39%) did not use portable HEPA filters, but 14 (61%) used them for various indications, most commonly as substitutes for AIIRs when unavailable or for specific high-risk areas or situations. 21 hospitals (91%) tested asymptomatic patients on admission, but postadmission testing strategies and preferred specimen sites varied substantially. 5 hospitals (22%) required regular testing of unvaccinated employees and 1 hospital (4%) reported mandatory weekly testing even for vaccinated employees during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron surge.Conclusions:COVID-19 infection control practices in leading hospitals vary substantially. Clearer public health guidance and transparency around hospital policies may facilitate more consistent national standards.
Existence of exponentially and superexponentially spatially localized breather solutions for nonlinear klein–gordon lattices in ℤd, d ≥ 1
Authors: Hennig Dirk , Karachalios Nikos I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe prove the existence of exponentially and superexponentially localized breather solutions for discrete nonlinear Klein–Gordon systems. Our approach considers $d$-dimensional infinite lattice models with general on-site potentials and interaction potentials being bounded by an arbitrary power law, as well as, systems with purely anharmonic forces, cases which are much less studied particularly in a higher-dimensional set-up. The existence problem is formulated in terms of a fixed-point equation considered in weighted sequence spaces, which is solved by means of Schauder's Fixed-Point Theorem. The proofs provide energy bounds for the solutions depending on the lattice parameters and its dimension under physically relevant non-resonance conditions.
Analysis of the influencing factors associated with dyssynchrony and cardiac dysfunction in children with ventricular pre-excitation
Authors: Zhang Yi , Li Xiao-mei , Cui Jian , Jiang He , Li Jing-hao , Li Mei-ting 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective:To investigate the correlation between ventricular pre-excitation-related dyssynchrony, on cardiac dysfunction, and recovery.Methods and Results:This study included 76 children (39 boys and 37 girls) with a median age of 5.25 (2.67–10.75) years. The patients with pre-excitation-related cardiac dysfunction (cardiac dysfunction group, n = 34) had a longer standard deviation of the time-to-peak systolic strain of the left ventricle and larger difference between the maximum and minimum times-to-peak systolic strain than those with a normal cardiac function (normal function group, n = 42) (51.77 ± 24.70 ms versus 33.29 ± 9.48 ms, p < 0.05; 185.82 ± 92.51 ms versus 111.93 ± 34.27 ms, p < 0.05, respectively). The cardiac dysfunction group had a maximum time-to-peak systolic strain at the basal segments of the anterior and posterior septa and the normal function group at the basal segments of anterolateral and posterolateral walls. The prevalence of ventricular septal dyssynchrony in the cardiac dysfunction group was significantly higher than that in the normal function group (94.1% (32/34) versus 7.7% (3/42), p < 0.05). The patients with ventricular septal dyssynchrony (n = 35) had a significantly higher prevalence of intra-left ventricular systolic dyssynchrony than those with ventricular septal synchrony (n = 41) (57.1% (20/35) versus 14.6% (6/41), p < 0.05). During follow-up after pathway ablation, the patients who recovered from intra-left ventricular dyssynchrony (n = 29) had a shorter left ventricular ejection fraction recovery time than those who did not (n = 5) (χ2 = 5.94, p < 0.05). Among the patients who recovered, 93.1% (27/29) had a normalised standard deviation of the time-to-peak systolic strain and difference between the maximum and minimum times-to-peak systolic strain within 1 month after ablation.Conclusion:Ventricular pre-excitation may cause ventricular septal dyssynchrony; thus, attention must be paid to intra-left ventricular dyssynchrony and cardiac dysfunction. Whether intra-left ventricular systolic dyssynchrony can resolve within 1 month may be a new early predictor of patient prognosis.
The Oscillatory Motion of Jupiter's Polar Cyclones Results From Vorticity Dynamics
Authors: Gavriel Nimrod , Kaspi Yohai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe polar cyclone at Jupiter's south pole and the five cyclones surrounding it oscillate in position and interact. These cyclones, observed since 2016 by NASA's Juno mission, present a unique opportunity to study vortex dynamics and interactions on long time scales. The cyclones' position data, acquired by Juno's JIRAM instrument, is analyzed, showing dominant oscillations with ∼12 month periods and amplitudes of ∼400 km. Here, the mechanism driving these oscillations is revealed by considering vorticity‐gradient forces generated by mutual interactions between the cyclones and the latitudinal variation in planetary vorticity. Data‐driven estimation of these forces exhibits a high correlation with the measured acceleration of the cyclones. To further test this mechanism, a model is constructed, simulating how cyclones subject to these forces exhibit similar oscillatory motion.
Ionogram Echo Extraction Based on the Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Xue Jiawei , Zhang Chengfeng , Yin Bo , Jia Xiaoyi , Xu Jiali , Ma Mengfei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe extraction of ionospheric echo plays a key role in the research of radio wave propagation theory and is the basis of the design, application, and test of the radio engineering system. However, it is too complicated to achieve because of several negative factors, such as environmental noise, thermal noise, ionospheric time‐varying dispersion characteristics, and so on. In this paper, a novel ionospheric echoes extraction model, referred to as IECAENet, is proposed based on the convolutional neural networks. First, VGGNet is introduced as the classification module to extract echoes from different kinds of ionograms, including vertical ionograms, oblique ionograms, and backscatter ionograms. Then, the echoes extraction module is designed. It considers not only the ionogram features but also an explicit hint, named echo mask, that expresses the location of the echoes. Finally, the residual learning technology and skip connection structure are introduced to improve the performance of the module. Experimental results on a real data set indicate that IECAENet outperforms the baselines for the ionospheric echoes extraction. Using the false alarm probability that IECAENet has an optimal performance as the benchmark, the detection probabilities of the vertical ionogram, oblique ionogram, and backscatter ionogram are improved by 22.18%, 22.56%, and 6.67%, respectively, compared with the traditional methods.
Grain-size-evolution controls on lithospheric weakening during continental rifting
Authors: Ruh J. B. , Tokle L. , Behr W. M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVariation in the effective strength of the lithosphere allows for active plate tectonics and is permitted by different deformation mechanisms operating in the crust and upper mantle. The dominant mechanisms are debated, but geodynamic models often employ grain-size-independent mechanisms or evaluate a single grain size. However, observations from nature and rock deformation experiments suggest a transition to grain-size-dependent mechanisms due to a reduction in grain size can cause lithospheric weakening. Here, we employ a two-dimensional thermo-mechanical numerical model of the upper mantle to investigate the nature of deformation and grain-size evolution in a continental rift setting, on the basis of a recent growth law for polycrystalline olivine. We find that the average olivine grain size is greater in the asthenospheric mantle (centimetre-scale grains) than at the crust–mantle boundary (millimetre-scale grains). This grain-size distribution could result in dislocation creep being the dominant deformation mechanism in the upper mantle. However, we suggest that along lithospheric-scale shear zones, a reduction in grain sizes due to localized deformation causes a transition to diffusion creep as the dominant deformation mechanism, causing weakening of the lithosphere and facilitating the initiation of continental rifting.
Rapid evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants by analysis of genetic distance
Authors: Cao Lirong , Lou Jingzhi , Chan See Yeung , Zheng Hong , Liu Caiqi , Zhao Shi , Li Qi , Mok Chris Ka Pun , Chan Renee Wan Yi , Chong Marc Ka Chun , Wu William Ka Kei , Chen Zigui , Wong Eliza Lai Yi , Chan Paul Kay Sheung , Zee Benny Chung Ying , Yeoh Eng Kiong , Wang Maggie Haitian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTimely evaluation of the protective effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern is urgently needed to inform pandemic control planning. Based on 78 vaccine efficacy or effectiveness (VE) data from 49 studies and 1,984,241 SARS-CoV-2 sequences collected from 31 regions, we analyzed the relationship between genetic distance (GD) of circulating viruses against the vaccine strain and VE against symptomatic infection. We found that the GD of the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is highly predictive of vaccine protection and accounted for 86.3% (P = 0.038) of the VE change in a vaccine platform-based mixed-effects model and 87.9% (P = 0.006) in a manufacturer-based model. We applied the VE-GD model to predict protection mediated by existing vaccines against new genetic variants and validated the results by published real-world and clinical trial data, finding high concordance of predicted VE with observed VE. We estimated the VE against the Delta variant to be 82.8% (95% prediction interval: 68.7–96.0) using the mRNA vaccine platform, closely matching the reported VE of 83.0% from an observational study. Among the four sublineages of Omicron, the predicted VE varied between 11.9% and 33.3%, with the highest VE predicted against BA.1 and the lowest against BA.2, using the mRNA vaccine platform. The VE-GD framework enables predictions of vaccine protection in real time and offers a rapid evaluation method against novel variants that may inform vaccine deployment and public health responses.
500 metagenome-assembled microbial genomes from 30 subtropical estuaries in South China
Authors: Zhou Lei , Huang Shihui , Gong Jiayi , Xu Peng , Huang Xiande 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs a unique geographical transition zone, the estuary is considered as a model environment to decipher the diversity, functions and ecological processes of microbial communities, which play important roles in the global biogeochemical cycle. Here we used surface water metagenomic sequencing datasets to construct metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from 30 subtropical estuaries at a large scale along South China. In total, 500 dereplicated MAGs with completeness ≥ 50% and contamination ≤ 10% were obtained, among which more than one-thirds (n = 207 MAGs) have a completeness ≥ 70%. These MAGs are dominated by taxa assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria (n = 182 MAGs), Bacteroidota (n = 110) and Actinobacteriota (n = 104). These draft genomes can be used to study the diversity, phylogenetic history and metabolic potential of microbiota in the estuary, which should help improve our understanding of the structure and function of these microorganisms and how they evolved and adapted to extreme conditions in the estuarine ecosystem.
Numerical aspects of thermo migrated radiative nanofluid flow towards a moving wedge with combined magnetic force and porous medium
Authors: Haq Ehsan Ul , Khan Sami Ullah , Abbas Tasawar , Smida Kamel , Hassan Qazi Mahmood Ul , Ahmad Bilal , Khan M. Ijaz , Guedri Kamel , Kumam Poom , Galal Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe researchers are continuously working on nanomaterials and exploring many multidisciplinary applications in thermal engineering, biomedical and industrial systems. In current problem, the analytical simulations for performed for thermos-migration flow of nanofluid subject to the thermal radiation and porous media. The moving wedge endorsed the flow pattern. The heat source effects are also utilized to improves the heat transfer rate. The applications of thermophoresis phenomenon are addressed. The formulated set of expressions are analytically treated with implementation of variational iteration method (VIM). The simulations are verified by making the comparison the numerical date with existing literature. The VIM analytical can effectively tackle the nonlinear coupled flow system effectively. The physical impact for flow regime due to different parameters is highlighted. Moreover, the numerical outcomes are listed for Nusselt number.
Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals marker genes and immune infiltration for pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Tang Shengxin , Liu Yue , Liu Bin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic cardiopulmonary syndrome with high pulmonary vascular load and eventually causing RV heart failure even death. However, the mechanism of pulmonary hypertension remains unclear. The purpose of this research is to detect the underlying key genes and potential mechanism of PAH using several bioinformatic methods. The microarrays GSE22356, GSE131793 and GSE168905 were acquired from the GEO. Subsequently, a host of bioinformatics techniques such as DAVID, STRING, R language and Cytoscape were utilized to investigate DEGs between PAH and healthy controls and conduct GO annotation, KEGG enrichment analysis and PPI network construction etc. Additionally, we predicted the transcription factors regulating DEGs through iRegulon plugin of Cytoscape and CIBERSORT was used to conduct immune infiltration analysis. One thousand two hundred and seventy-seven DEGs (403 up-regulated and 874 down-regulated) were identified from peripheral blood samples of 32 PAH patients and 29 controls, among which SLC4A1, AHSP, ALAS2, CA1, HBD, SNCA, HBM, SELENBP1, SERPINE1 and ITGA2B were detected as hub genes. The functional enrichment changes of DEGs were mainly enriched in protein binding, extracellular exosome, extracellular space, extracellular region and integral component of plasma membrane. The hub genes are chiefly enriched at extracellular exosome, hemoglobin complex, blood microparticle, oxygen transporter activity. Among TF-DEGs network, 42 target DEGs and 6 TFs were predicted with an NES > 4 (TEAD4, TGIF2LY, GATA5, GATA1, GATA2, FOS). Immune infiltration analysis showed that monocytes occupied the largest proportion of immune cells. The trend analysis results of infiltration immune cells illustrated that PAH patients had higher infiltration of NK cell activation, monocyte, T cell CD4 memory activation, and mast cell than healthy controls and lower infiltration of T cell CD4 naive. We detected SLC4A1, AHSP, ALAS2, CA1, HBD, SNCA, HBM, SELENBP1, SERPINE1 and ITGA2B as the most significant markers of PAH. The PAH patients had higher infiltration of NK cell activation, monocyte, T cell CD4 memory activation, and mast cell than healthy controls and lower infiltration of T cell CD4 naive. These identified genes and these immune cells probably have precise regulatory relationships in the development of PAH.
Determination of very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids from 24 to 44 carbons in eye, brain and gonads of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Serrano Roque , Navarro Juan C. , Sales Carlos , Portolés Tania , Monroig Óscar , Beltran Joaquin , Hernández Félix 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVery long-chain (> C24) polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA) play an important role in the development of nervous system, retinal function and reproductive processes in vertebrates. Their presence in very small amounts in specific lipid classes, the lack of reference standards and their late elution in chromatographic analyses render their identification and, most important, their quantification, still a challenge. Consequently, a sensitive and feasible analytical methodology is needed. In this work, we have studied the effect of chain length, as well as the number and position of unsaturations (or double bonds) on the response of GC-APCI-(Q)TOF MS, to establish an analytical method for VLC-PUFA quantification. The developed methodology allows the quantification of these compounds down to 2.5 × 10–3 pmol/mg lipid. The reduction of VLC-PUFA levels in lipid fractions of the organs from the herein sampled farmed fish suggesting a yet undetected effect on these compounds of high vegetable oil aquafeed formulations, that currently dominate the market.
Design and analysis of double 6/3 transverse flux bearingless switched reluctance motor
Authors: Xie Kai , Huang Yonghong , Sun Yukun , Yuan Ye , Xia Dawei , Geng Jinfeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel dual 6/3 Transverse Flux Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor is proposed to solve the coupling problem between torque and suspension of conventional Switched Reluctance Motor. The working principle is introduced in detail, the motor is modelled by ANSYS, and the accurate mathematical model of the suspension force is deduced and verified. The electromagnetic characteristics of the motor are simulated, and the torque characteristics, suspension characteristics and the coupling characteristics between them are verified. The simulation results show that the torque and suspension force can be stabilised by using the zoning control of torque and suspension force, and the decoupling between torque and suspension force is excellent.
Research on current‐type high frequency resonant power converter based on magnetic energy recovery switch
Authors: Cheng Miaomiao , Jiang Keyao , Chen Kai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLCL resonant converters have been widely used to get a constant current output. This paper proposes an LCL resonant converter based on the magnetic energy recovery switch (MERS), which adjusts the output current of the converter by controlling the paralleled equivalent capacitance, as responding to the parameter errors or input voltage disturbance. Firstly, based on the equivalent model of the LCL resonant converter, the effect of variable capacitive impedance on the output current characteristics of the converter is analysed. Then the topological structure of MERS is introduced and its working principle as a controllable capacitive impedance controller is further explained. On this basis, the operating characteristics and soft switching characteristics of the proposed topology in each complete working cycle are analysed in detail. By controlling the phase shift angle between the output voltage of bridge and the fundamental component of MERS voltage, the equivalent capacitance of the MERS is changed, and the resonant frequency of the converter is accordingly adjusted to accurately compensate the output current against the input voltage disturbance. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the MERS applied to the LCL resonant converter are verified by simulation and experiments. Besides, its operating characteristics are analysed and evaluated.