bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences between atypical parathyroid tumors and parathyroid adenomas in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Aydemir Ensar , Ünsal Yasemin , Ateş Coşkun , Cander Soner , Gül Özen Öz , Ersoy Canan , Ertürk Erdinç 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Atypical parathyroid tumor (APT) is a rare disease that can be challenging to distinguish from parathyroid adenoma. APT shows some laboratory and histopathological features with parathyroid cancer. This study attempts to compare clinical, laboratory, radiologic and histopathological characteristics in APT and parathyroid adenoma (PA).
Methods
This was a retrospective study was based on the database of eighty-two subjects who underwent surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism at a tertiary referral center between 2010 and 2021. Forty-one patients with APT matched by age and gender to controls with PA. Clinical, laboratory, radiologic and characteristics were obtained from the hospital database.
Results
Forty-five (54.8%) of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients were symptomatic, 36 (90%) had nephrolithiasis, 6 (15%) had fracture and 3 (7.5%) had hypercalcaemic crisis. APT patients present with significantly inceased serum calcium, parathormone (PTH) and alkalen phosphatase levels (P < .001, all). No significant difference was observed in the results of bone mineral density (BMD), T-scores and Z-scores. The size of adenoma was significantly greater in APT group (24 (8.8–70) mm vs. 12 (3.8–32) mm, P = 0.005). During the follow-up, multiple metastases due to parathyroid cancer were detected in one patient.
Conclusion
Our study revealed that increased preoperative serum calcium, parathormone, alkalen phosphatase concentrations and parathyroid adenoma size on ultrasound may have predicted the atypical parathyroid tumor.
Sodium acetate promotes the growth, lipid and carbohydrate biosynthesis of Micractinium reisseri FM1 under batch and fed-batch cultivation
Authors: Cao Yueqin , Xu Jiamin , Tong Yixin , Xie Zijian , Kong Weibao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Carbon supply and cultivation mode have important influence on the growth of microalgae and accumulation of active components in cells. The effects of exogenous sodium acetate (NaAc) and controlling the cultivation modes on the biomass production, cellular composition and lipids biosynthesis of Micractinium reisseri FM1 were evaluated. The algal strain showed satisfactory assimilating ability of NaAc in mixotrophic cultivation. In batch culture of the alga, at the optimal NaAc dosage of 10 g L− 1, the 8.8-fold biomass, and highest lipid content (38.85%) were attained, the maximal value of total pigments (30.83 mg g− 1) was achieved at 2 g L− 1 NaAc. Fed-batch culture mode performed the superiority in promoting the growth and total lipid accumulation by contrast with batch culture. Furthermore, carbohydrate synthesis, abundance of saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were also enhanced with NaAc supplementation and transformation of cultivation strategy, while protein synthesis was restrained. These results corroborated that M. reisseri FM1 can realize the feasibility of high-cell density, high lipid and carbohydrate biosynthesis through acetate supplementation and manipulating the feeding mode for the production of high value-added raw materials for biorefinery.
Successful treatment of refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis after ileostomy creation: case report and literature review
Authors: Daito Koji , Makutani Yusuke , Yane Yoshinori , Ushijima Hokuto , Wada Toshiaki , Yoshioka Yasumasa , Iwamoto Masayoshi , Tokoro Tadao , Ueda Kazuki , Kawamura Junichiro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors are widely used for treating malignant tumors, changed the framework of cancer treatment, but on the other hand, Immune-related adverse event occurs due to excessive immune response. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis shows symptoms similar to ulcerative colitis, and high-dose corticosteroids and anti-TNF-alpha antibodies are recommended, but surgical treatment has not yet been established for cases that are refractory to medical therapy.Case presentationThis case involved a 64-year-old male. PD-L1 expression in the recurrent lesion of lung adenocarcinoma was positive, and treatment with pembrolizumab was initiated. Hematochezia and diarrhea were observed 8 weeks after the start of the treatment and was diagnosed as irAE colitis. The patient was treated with corticosteroid, infliximab, mesalazine, and leukocytapheresis for irAE colitis, but was refractory. The patient's performance status was poor, and proctocolectomy and subtotal colectomy according to the treatment of refractory ulcerative colitis were not indicated, so a diverting loop ileostomy was performed to rest the colon. The abdominal symptoms resolved after the surgery, and chemotherapy was resumed 3 months after surgery. Stoma closure could not be performed because the mucosal lesions did not improve on colonoscopy; nevertheless, there were no symptoms of irAE colitis, and nivolumab could be administered from the eighteenth month after surgery. However, it was not effective, and the patient died of the primary disease two years after surgery.Discussion and ConclusionsWe encountered a case in which a diverting loop ileostomy was performed for irAE colitis refractory to medical treatment, and the symptoms were alleviated. However, surgical treatment of refractory irAE colitis and resumption of ICIs after irAE development need to be fully discussed.
Analysis of Meteorological Drought using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDIst) at Bilate basin, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Engdaw Getnet , Legesse Abiyot , Mohammed Yimer , Likissa Dereje 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Drought Indices has an important role to assess drought over the surfaces of the Earth. Drought is one of the most complex and severe catastrophes in the study area that causes damage in different ways. The main objective of this study is to assess the spatiotemporal variation of meteorological drought using Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDIst) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in Boricha District. The study used the long-term gridded rainfall and temperature data in six stations covering the period of (1985-2016). The spatial distribution of drought was mapped using ArcGIS 10.3 spatial analysis tool and interpolated using Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) method.Results: The spatiotemporal variation of meteorological drought was analyzed by using both SPI and RDIst at seasonal and annual timescale. In spring season two extreme droughts were observed in station-2 and 3 with the same SPI value of (-2.26). During summer season in station-3 extreme drought was detected with SPI values of (-2.32), in station-4 one extreme drought was observed with SPI values of (-2.14). In 12 month RDIst time scale, one extreme drought was identified in station-4 during 2012 with RDIst value of (-2.25), and in station-6 one extreme drought has been occurred during 2009 with RDIst value of (-2.23). The study area was affected by drought of slight/mild to extreme droughts at all time scale. MK trend test indicates the tendency of drought was decreased and statistically insignificant in spring and annual timescales except station-1 (12 months SPI) in the study period of (1985-2016). The temporal correlation analysis of SPI and RDIst was applied with the correlation coefficient at seasonal (spring, summer) and annual timescale (r = 0.99) and it’s significant at P = 0.01 levels was achieved, which indicates very strong positive correlation. Conclusion: The study area was more affected by meteorological drought. There is no a station without drought in all parts of the district. The substantial parts of the district are under severe and extreme drought risk, calling for an immediate intervention by the regional and federal disaster risk preparedness and natural resource office to save people and Natural resource.
On triple correlation sums involving Fourier coefficients of cusp forms
Authors: Hou Fei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Let $g$ be a newform of trivial level, and $f$ a newform of prime level $p$. In this paper, we investigate the sum $ \sum_{m\ge 1} \sum_{n\ge 1} a_n \lambda_g(m)\lambda_{f}(m+pn) \,U{\lf({m}/{X}\ri) }V{\lf ({n}/{H}\ri)}$ to determine the explicit dependence on the level, where $\mathbf{a}=a_n\in \C$ be any complex sequences. As a result, we prove a uniform bound with respect to the level parameter $p$, and present that this type of sum is non-trivial for any given $H,X\ge 2$.MSC: 11F67; 11F66
The Pan-Genome of the Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen Corynebacterium striatum
Authors: Jesus Hendor N. R. , Ramos Juliana N. , Rocha Danilo J. P. G. , Alves Daniele A. , Silva Carolina S. , Cruz João V. O. , Vieira Verônica V. , Souza Cassius , Santos Louisy S. , Navas Jesus , Ramos Rommel T. J. , Azevedo Vasco , Aguiar Eric R. G. R. , Mattos-Guaraldi Ana L. , Pacheco Luis G. C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Corynebacterium striatum, a common constituent of the human skin microbiome, is now considered an emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen of immunocompromised and chronically ill patients. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms in the transition from colonization to the multidrug-resistant (MDR) invasive phenotype in clinical isolates. This study performed a comprehensive pan-genomic analysis of C. striatum, including isolates from ‘normal skin microbiome’ and from MDR infections, to gain insights into genetic factors contributing to pathogenicity and multidrug resistance in this species. For this, three novel genome sequences were obtained from clinical isolates of C. striatum of patients from Brazil, and other 24 complete or draft C. striatum genomes were retrieved from GenBank, including the ATCC6940 isolate from the Human Microbiome Project. Analysis of C. striatum strains demonstrated the presence of an open pan-genome (α = 0.852803) containing 3,816 gene families, including 15 antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and 32 putative virulence factors. The core and accessory genomes included 1,297 and 1,307 genes, respectively. The identified AMR genes are primarily associated with resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracyclines. Of these, 66.6% are present in genomic islands, and four AMR genes, including aac(6')-ib7, are located in a class 1-integron. In conclusion, our data indicated that C. striatum possesses genomic characteristics favorable to the invasive phenotype, with high genomic plasticity, a robust genetic arsenal for iron acquisition, and important virulence determinants and AMR genes present in mobile genetic elements.
Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Rosa Damascena Mill on anxiety and oxidant/antioxidant status in rats fed with a long-term high-fat diet
Authors: Rezvani-Kamran Arezoo , Komaki Somayeh , Salehi Iraj , Golipoor Zoleikha , Kourosh-Arami Masoumeh , Rashno Masome , Komaki Alireza 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Today, a high-fat diet (HFD) is widely used in most communities. This diet causes anxiety by oxidative stress and inflammation. On the other hand, the Rosa damascena mill has potent antioxidant properties and can eliminate free radicals. In this study, the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of R. damascena on anxiety was investigated in male rats fed with a HFD. In this experiment, forty male Wistar rats (200–250 g) were used. The extract was administrated through gavage for one month. The HFD was consumed freely by the animals for three months. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) was used to assess anxiety. At the end of the experiment, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes and the levels of corticosterone also were measured. In the EPM test, the number of entries into the open arms and time spent in the open arms in the HFD + extract group significantly increased compared with the HFD group. The activity of GPX and SOD enzymes was lower in the HFD group than in the control group. The level of serum corticosterone in the HFD group was higher than in the control group, whereas the HFD + extract group was found with significantly lower corticosterone levels than the HFD group. In the EPM, a HFD caused anxiety and the extract decreased it. These effects of extract probably are due to its antioxidant properties. The extract increased the GPX and SOD activities, which is representative of its antioxidant activity.
Comprehensive nomogram models for prediction of checkpoint inhibitors pneumonia
Authors: Jia Xiaohui , Liang Ting , Du Yonghao , Li Yanlin , Zhang Yajuan , Mao Ziyang , Xu Longwen , Shen Yuan , Niu Gang , Guo Hui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Checkpoint inhibitors pneumonia (CIP) is a common type of irAEs with poor clinical prognosis. Currently, there is a lack of effective biomarkers and predictive models to predict the occurrence of CIP.Materials and Methods: The study retrospectively included 327 patients who received immunotherapy for the first time as a training cohort and 167 patients as a validation cohort. Patients were assessed for the occurrence of CIP, and were divided into any grade CIP cohort, grade ≥2 CIP cohort, and grade ≥3 CIP cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the independent risk factors. Based on that, predictive nomograms were constructed and validated to predict the risk of CIP. Results: The overall incidence of CIP was 18.61%. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, we established nomogram models for predicting any grade CIP and grade ≥2 CIP, respectively. For the nomogram to predict any grade CIP, the C index of the model in the training cohort and validation cohort were 0.814 (95%CI=0.760-0.870) and 0.919 (95%CI=0.842-0.941), respectively. Similarly, as for the nomogram of grade 2 or higher CIP, the C index of the model in the training cohort and validation cohort were 0.879 (95%CI=0.81-0.92) and 0.936 (95%CI=0.812-0.982), respectively. Conclusions: After internal verification and external verification, the predictive power of nomogram models is satisfactory and they are expected to be a convenient, visual, and personalized clinical tool for assessing the risk of developing CIP in patients receiving ICIs treatment.
Automated Closed-Loop Propofol Anesthesia versus Desflurane Inhalation Anesthesia in Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Randomized Analysis of Recovery Profile
Authors: Dutta Amitabh , Sethi Nitin , Puri Goverdhan D , Sood Jayashree , Choudhary Prabhat K , Jain Anil K , Panday Bhuwan C , Gupta Manish 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose Precision general anesthesia (GA) techniques that minimizes presence of residual anesthetic and facilitate recovery, are desirable in patients with morbid obesity. Automated administration of propofol TIVA, which facilitates precision propofol delivery by factoring-in continuous patient input variable (BIS) to establish a closed feedback loop system; may help mitigate concerns related to propofol’s lipid solubility and adverse accumulation kinetics in patients with morbid obesity. This randomized study evaluated recovery from patients with morbid obesity undergoing bariatric surgery under propofol TIVA automated by a closed-loop anesthesia delivery system (CLADS) versus desflurane GA. MethodsForty patients, randomly allocated to receive propofol TIVA (CLADS group) or desflurane GA (desflurane group), were evaluated for postoperative recovery (early and intermediate) (primary objective); intraoperative hemodynamics, anesthesia depth consistency, anesthesia delivery performance characteristics, patient satisfaction, and incidence of adverse events (sedation, pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting) (secondary objectives). Results No difference was found for the time-to-eye-opening (CLADS group: 4.7[3,6.7] minutes versus desflurane group: 5.6[4,6.9] minutes, P= 0.576), time-to-extubation (CLADS group: 6.7[4.7,9.3] minutes versus desflurane group: 7[5.8,9.2] minutes, P= 0.528), ability-to-shift score from OR table to the transport bed (CLADS group: 3[3,3.5] versus desflurane group: 3[3,4], P= 0.703), and time taken to achieve a modified Aldrete score 9/10 (CLADS group: 15[15,37.5] minutes versus desflurane group: 15[15,43.7] minutes, P= 0.867). ConclusionAutomated propofol TIVA as administered by CLADS, which matched desflurane GA in respect to depth of anesthesia consistency and post-anesthesia recovery profile; can be explored further as an alternative anesthesia technique in patients with morbid obesity.Clinical trial registration number: Clinicaltrials.gov protocol and results registration system ID: NCT03099616. Date of registration: 28/03/2017
A ten-gene retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid complex diagnosis signature for age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Li He-Yan , Dong Li , Zhou Wen-Da , Wu Hao-Tian , Li Yi-Fan , Zhang Rui-Heng , Li Yi-Tong , Yu Chu-Yao , Wei Wen-Bin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease in the elderly with a prominent genetic basis. This study aimed to apply machine learning method to develop a novel diagnostic model for AMD based on gene biomarkers in RPE/choroid complex, which may be potential therapeutic targets.Methods: We collected RPE/choroid tissue gene expression profiles of AMD and normal patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database as training and validation cohorts. After differential expression analysis and the selection of gene biomarkers by random forest algorithms, selected genes were applied to the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression to construct a diagnostic model in the training cohort. The diagnostic ability of the model was further tested in the validation cohort. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune cell assessment were also conducted for further analyses.Results：A noval diagnostic model based on ten genes (BMPR2, CNOT3, CRLF1, FXYD6, HRASLS5, KRTDAP, NUDT16L1, PI16, PLAGL1, SART1) was constructed in the training cohort. The AUC in the training cohort reached 0.908 (95% CI: 0.823-0.975), while it remained 0.809 (95% CI: 0.522-0.889) in the validation cohort. According to the GSEA analysis, glutathione metabolism and phototransduction pathway are the two shared enriched pathways in the training and validation cohorts. Functional enrichment analysis and immune cell evaluation demonstrated that AMD was significantly correlated with both adaptive and innate immune cells, and the levels of neutrophil in the high-risk group were significantly higher than that in the low-risk group in both training and validation datasetsConclusion: We identified and validated a novel ten-gene-based diagnostic model with high accuracy for AMD. The current study provided a promising tool to be used as a precise and cost-effective non-invasive test in clinical practice.
Melatonin protect PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced damage via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Yibao , Guo Xudong , Cheng Xiaorong , Hu Xuchang , Kang Jihe , Lin Aixin , Kang Xuewen , He Xuegang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI). Melatonin (MT) has good antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. In this study, the oxidative stress model of adrenal pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) was established by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in order to evaluate the protective effect of MT on SCI model in vitro and its possible mechanism. PC12 cells were treated with H2O2 to establish cellular oxidative stress model. Cells were treated with different concentrations of MT (control group, 10uM MT + H2O2, 25uM MT + H2O2, 50uM MT + H2O2). Cell viability was detected by CCK-8. Intracellular ROS were detected by dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect Nrf2, HO-1, SOD2, Prxd3, IL-1β, IL-18, iNOS protein expression. The results showed that MT could reduce H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury and cell apoptosis. MT inhibited the expression of IL-1β, IL-18, iNOS and promoted the expression of SOD2 and Prxd3. In addition, MT promoted Nrf2, HO-1 expression. In conclusion, MT pretreatment can protect H2O2-induced oxidative damage of PC12 cells through Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Attitudes and health behaviors of middle-aged and older adults with elevated tumor markers in China
Authors: Yu Renke , Xu Zhijie , Lu Yiting , Zhu Yue , Chen Liying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives To understand the attitudes and health behaviors of middle-aged and older adults in China after receiving elevated results of tumor markers(TMs) test in the annual health examinations (AHEs) and explore the influencing factors.Design A three-section online questionnaire survey was conducted from March 1 to April 30, 2020. It included items on participants’ sociodemographic features, attitudes, and health behaviors. Setting and Participants Participants were aged 45 and older and had at least one elevated result on four types of TMs in the AHEs in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China, between January 1 and December 31, 2018.Methods Clinical information was collected from the online survey and medical records. Descriptive statistics were carried out followed by regression analyses.Results Of 380 participants, 76.1% were unwilling to quit the TMs test in AHEs, whereas 75.3% would take the doctor’s advice and quit unnecessary TMs test; 67.4% felt stressed about their TMs. Among participants with elevated TMs, 76.8% changed lifestyle to keep healthy, 74.2% sought health information, 58.9% requested a TMs retest, and 50.3% did further tests to confirm a diagnosis. Family history of cancer was associated with lifestyle changing; education level, area of residence and health insurance were associated with health information seeking; comorbidity were associated with retests and sequential confirming tests.Conclusions and Implications The application of the TMs test in AHEs among Chinese people may lead to positive and negative behavioral consequences and psychological distress. Doctors have a significant impact on patients’ health behaviors. Accurate indications and adequate communication with patients before and after the TMs test are in great need.