bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rotational Modulation of Spectroscopic Zeeman Signatures in Low-mass Stars
Authors: Terrien Ryan C , Keen Allison , Oda Katy , Parts(they/them) Winter , Stefánsson Guðmundur , Mahadevan Suvrath , Robertson Paul , Ninan Joe P. , Beard Corey , Bender Chad F. , Cochran William D. , Cunha Katia , Diddams Scott A. , Fredrick Connor , Halverson Samuel , Hearty Fred , Ickler Adam , Kanodia Shubham , Libby-Roberts Jessica E. , Lubin Jack , Metcalf Andrew J. , Olsen Freja , Ramsey Lawrence W. , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Smith Verne V. , Turner Ben 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Accurate tracers of the stellar magnetic field and rotation are cornerstones for the study of M dwarfs and for reliable detection and characterization of their exoplanetary companions. Such measurements are particularly challenging for old, slowly rotating, fully convective M dwarfs. To explore the use of new activity and rotation tracers, we examined multiyear near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic monitoring of two such stars—GJ 699 (Barnard’s Star) and Teegarden’s Star—carried out with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder spectrograph. We detected periodic variations in absorption line widths across the stellar spectrum, with higher amplitudes toward longer wavelengths. We also detected similar variations in the strength and width of the 12435.67 Å neutral potassium (K i) line, a known tracer of the photospheric magnetic field. Attributing these variations to rotational modulation, we confirm the known 145 ± 15 day rotation period of GJ 699, and measure the rotation period of Teegarden’s Star to be 99.6 ± 1.4 days. Based on simulations of the K i line and the wavelength dependence of the line-width signal, we argue that the observed signals are consistent with varying photospheric magnetic fields and the associated Zeeman effect. These results highlight the value of detailed line profile measurements in the NIR for diagnosing stellar magnetic field variability. Such measurements may be pivotal for disentangling activity and exoplanet-related signals in spectroscopic monitoring of old, low-mass stars.
Decoding the Bifurcated Red Giant Branch as a Tracer of Multiple Stellar Populations in the Young Large Magellanic Cloud Cluster NGC 2173
Authors: Kapse Shalmalee , de Grijs Richard , Kamath Devika , Zucker Daniel B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Multiple stellar populations (MPs) representing star-to-star light-element abundance variations are common in nearly all ancient Galactic globular clusters (GCs). Here we provide the strongest evidence yet that the populous, ∼1.7 Gyr old Large Magellanic Cloud cluster NGC 2173 also exhibits light-element abundance variations. Thus, our results suggest that NGC 2173 is the youngest cluster for which MPs have been confirmed to date. Our conclusion is based on the distinct bifurcation at the tip of its red giant branch in high-quality color–magnitude diagrams generated from Hubble Space Telescope imaging observations. Our results are further supported by a detailed analysis of “pseudo-UBI” maps, which reveal clear evidence of a bimodality in the cluster’s red giant branch color distribution. Young clusters in the Magellanic Clouds can provide critical insights into galaxy evolution histories. Our discovery of MPs in NGC 2173 suggests that ancient Galactic GCs and young massive clusters might share a common formation process.
Rizoma: a new comprehensive database on traditional uses of Chilean native plants
Authors: Cordero Sebastián , Abello Lucía , Gálvez Francisca 
Published: March 2022

We describe Rizoma, a new comprehensive online database on traditional uses of Chilean flora. The Rizoma database was built by reviewing multiple data sources on the uses of native plants and integrating phytogeographic and ecological aspects of plant species. This database attempts to safeguard traditional knowledge by making it available and visible to society, providing 1380 use records from 736 vascular plant species native to Chile. In addition, it contributes to a better understanding of the use patterns of Chilean native plants.
The Rizoma database includes 1380 use records from 736 vascular plant species native to Chile, representing 399 genera and 128 families. Each species record provides information on geographic distribution, phytogeographic origin, life form, life span and use category. In addition, the online version includes information on the mode of use of each species, as well as common names and photographs. The database serves as a traditional knowledge repository that contributes to preserving local biological and cultural diversity for future generations.
The distribution and impact of an invasive plant species (Senecio inaequidens) on a dune building engineer (Calamagrostis arenaria)
Authors: Van De Walle Ruben , Massol François , Vandegehuchte Martijn L. , Bonte Dries 
Published: March 2022

Disturbance is thought to enhance the probability of invasive species establishment, a prerequisite for naturalisation. Coastal dunes are characterised by disturbance in the form of sand dynamics. We studied the effect of this disturbance on the establishment and spread of an invasive plant species (Senecio inaequidens) in European coastal dunes. Local sand dynamics dictate the spatial configuration of marram grass (Calamagrostis arenaria). Therefore, marram grass configuration was used as a reliable proxy for disturbance. Since marram grass plays a crucial role in natural dune formation, we evaluated the possible effects S. inaequidens could have on this process, if it is able to naturalise in European coastal dunes.
We expected the highest probability of S. inaequidens establishment at intermediate marram grass cover because too low cover would increase sand burial, whereas high cover would increase competition. However, our results indicate that S. inaequidens is quite capable of handling higher levels of sand burial. Thus, the probability of S. inaequidens establishment was high under low marram cover but slightly lowered when marram cover was high, hinting at the importance of competition.
We expected a negative impact of Senecio-altered soils on marram grass growth mediated by soil biota. However, marram grass grew better in sand gathered underneath Senecio plants due to abiotic soil modifications. This enhanced growth may be caused by Senecio leaf litter elevating nutrient concentrations in an otherwise nutrient-poor substrate. If such increased plant growth is a general phenomenon, further expansion of S. inaequidens could accelerate natural succession in European coastal dunes.
Nursing Education for the Acute Care Nurse on Pain Mechanisms of Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Evelyn Antoinette Eldayrie , Kittelson Sheri , Mandernach Molly W. , Black Vandy , Duckworth Laurie , Wilkie Diana J. 
Published: March 2022

Background
It is unknown whether nurses' knowledge about pain among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) reflects the current standard of care. The authors evaluated changes in nurses' knowledge and simulated practice behavior after a continuing education program.

Method
Inpatient nurses completed an e-learning program on SCD pain; a pretest and a posttest with the same 10 questions; and two patient cases with four pain intervention options at the posttest.

Results

On the pretest, the mean percentage of correct answers was 83% (
SD
= 13%). The mean percentage of correct answers increased by 12% (
p
< .0001) on the posttest. For the first simulated patient case, 100% (
n
= 31) of the nurses selected an appropriate pain intervention option based on the patient-reported pain score. For the second simulated patient case, 84% (
n
= 26) did so.

Conclusion

Increased knowledge does not always translate into simulated practice change. The reasons for this are unknown, but they could include implicit bias from exposure to patients who have high use of acute care, although the minority of patients with SCD fit this description.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(3):137–144.]
Tramadol abuse and addiction
Authors: Zebedee Loveday U. , Bariweni Moses W. , Oboma Yibala I. , Ilegbedion Ikhide G. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAddiction to controlled or prescription drugs is an increasing health burden in most countries and Nigeria is not an exception. Tramadol abuse is a menace in Nigeria. There are few reports on the health consequences of tramadol addiction in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.AimThe aim of the study was to determine and educate the public on the effects of tramadol addiction on learning, memory, and organ damage.Materials and methodsAdult rats were randomly assigned into four groups,n=5. Group 1 received 5 ml/kg of 0.9% normal saline orally, while groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of tramadol daily for 28 days, respectively. Behavioral tests (Y-maze and Morris water maze) were conducted on the first and last weeks of the experiment. On the 29th day, the animals were sacrificed under halothane anesthesia and organs were excised for histological examination. The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (GraphPad Prism 6).ResultsThe behavioral assessments revealed dose-dependent aggression, anxiety, and spasms. Also, a reduction in escape latency in the Morris water maze and increased alternations in the Y-maze occurred to various degrees in the treated groups compared with the control. Different grades of histological abnormalities occurred in the brain, liver, and kidneys of treated rats.ConclusionTramadol misuse can lead to learning and memory impairment in addition to long-term organ damage involving the brain, liver, and kidneys.
Does the order of inquiry need to be changed in an abbreviated form?
Authors: Дутов Ю.И. , Дутов Н.Ю. 
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматриваются особенности производства дознания в сокращенной форме. Анализируются различные точки зрения ученых на производство дознания в сокращенной форме. Обосновывается необходимость внесения изменений в УПК РФ с целью повышения процессуальной самостоятельности дознавателя при производстве дознания в сокращенной форме. Делается вывод о целесообразности данной формы ускоренного производства по уголовному делу.
The article discusses the features of the production inquiry in an abbreviated form. Various points of view of scientists on the production of an inquiry in an abbreviated form are analyzed. The necessity of amending the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation is substantiated in order to increase the procedural independence of the interrogator in the production of an inquiry in an abbreviated form. The authors concluded that this form of accelerated criminal proceedings is advisable.
On the issue of legal regulation of house arrest
Authors: Харьковский Е.Л. , Пальчикова Н.В. 
Published: March 2022

В статье анализируются нормы уголовно-процессуального законодательства, регулирующие порядок применения домашнего ареста. В частности, рассматриваются сущность, порядок, условия избрания данной меры пресечения. Уделяется внимание вопросам установления дополнительных запретов и ограничений при избрании меры пресечения, зачету срока исполнения домашнего ареста в срок содержания под стражей. Делаются выводы по вопросам законодательного закрепления некоторых положений УК РФ в нормах УПК РФ для согласования зачета срока домашнего ареста, по условиям более эффективного использования домашнего ареста и контроля за лицами, в отношении которых избрана такая мера пресечения
The article analyzes the norms of criminal procedural legislation regulating execution of house arrest. In particular the author considers the essence, procedure, conditions for choosing this preventive measure. Attention is paid to the issues of establishing additional prohibitions and restrictions when choosing a preventive measure, offsetting the period of execution of house arrest in the period of detention. Conclusions are drawn on the issues of legislative consolidation of some provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in the norms of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation to agree on the offset of the term of house arrest, on the terms of more effective use of house arrest and control over persons if whom such a measure of restraint has been chosen.
Organizational and legal aspects of the problem of staff turnover in the penal system of the Russian Federation
Authors: Малкова Л.Л. 
Published: March 2022

В статье представлен научно-теоретический анализ существующих в научной литературе точек зрения относительно содержания и причин текучести кадров. На основании результатов социологического опроса, проведенного среди практических сотрудников кадровых и иных подразделений территориальных органов Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний, установлены основные причины снижения уровня удовлетворенности трудом и роста текучести кадров в учреждениях и органах уголовно-исполнительной системы, увольнения со службы молодых сотрудников, предложены меры организационно-правового характера по совершенствованию кадрового обеспечения на современном этапе. Отмечается необходимость дальнейшего повышения правовых гарантий при прохождении службы в уголовно-исполнительной системе
The article presents a scientific-theoretical analysis of the points of view existing in the scientific literature regarding the content and reasons for staff turnover. Based on the results of a sociological survey conducted among practical employees of personnel and other subdivisions of territorial bodies of the Federal Penal Service the main reasons for a decrease in the level of job satisfaction and an increase in staff turnover in institutions and bodies of the penal system, and the dismissal of young employees were established. Measures of an organizational and legal nature are proposed to improve staffing at the present stage. The need to further increase the legal guarantees during service in the penal system is noted
On peculiarities of application of measures of responsibility in the prosecutor's office
Authors: Смирнов А.В. 
Published: March 2022

В статье предпринимается попытка исследования действующего национального законодательства, регулирующего отдельные вопросы функционирования института государственной службы в органах прокуратуры. Автором на основе анализа различных научных позиций и действующих нормативных правовых актов производится структурирование видов применяемых к работникам прокуратуры мер ответственности, выделяются их характеристики, обусловливающие особенности данного вида федеральной государственной службы, определяются проблемы их правоприменения, оказывающие негативное влияние на эффективность самой служебной деятельности. Делается вывод, что административно-правовой статус работников прокуратуры имеет значительное сходство со статусом служащих других государственных органов, выполняющих правоохранительные функции, при этом он содержит целый ряд элементов, свидетельствующих о его исключительности, что подтверждает особое положение служащих данного вида в системе государственной службы. Резюмируется необходимость корректировки отдельных положений нормативно-правового регулирования служебных отношений в органах прокуратуры
The article attempts to study the current national legislation regulating certain issues of the functioning of the institution of civil service in the prosecutor's office. Based on the analysis of various scientific positions and current regulatory legal acts the author structured the types of liability measures applied to employees of the prosecutor's office, highlights their characteristics that determine the characteristics of this type of federal public service, identifies the problems of their law enforcement, which have a negative impact on the efficiency of the official activity itself. It is concluded that the administrative and legal status of employees of the prosecutor's office has a significant similarity with the status of employees of other state bodies performing law enforcement functions, while it contains a number of elements indicating its exclusivity, which confirms the special position of employees of this type in the civil service system. It summarizes the need to adjust certain provisions of the legal regulation of service relations in the prosecutor's office.
Correlation of axioms and principles of law in criminal law
Authors: Кабанов В.М. 
Published: March 2022

В статье анализируются понятия аксиомы и принципа права как смежные категории в их взаимосвязи друг с другом, рассматриваются их общие и отличительные признаки, приводятся примеры аксиом-принципов в уголовном праве. Анализируются отдельные аксиомы-принципы уголовного права, их роль в системе уголовного права, влияние на его отдельные институты (назначения наказания и освобождения от уголовной ответственности). Делаются соответствующие выводы, основанные на результатах проведенного исследования
The article analyzes the concepts of axiom and the principle of law as related categories in their relationship with each other, considers their common and distinctive features, gives examples of axioms-principles in criminal law. The article analyzes certain axioms-principles of criminal law, their role in the system of criminal law, the impact on its individual institutions (sentencing and exemption from criminal liability). Appropriate conclusions are made based on the results of the study.
Semantic and functional optionality in the interpretation of evaluative concepts of criminal law
Authors: Касимов Д.Р. 
Published: March 2022

В статье анализируются семантические и функциональные возможности и пределы уголовно-правовых оценочных понятий. Выделяются два типа источников семантико-функциональной диспозитивности оценочных понятий: логико-языковые (содержание и объем оценочного понятия) и нормативно-функциональные (регулятивнофункциональный контекст уголовного закона и его конкретной нормы). Отмечается, что буквальное толкование некоторых оценочных понятий уголовного закона может привести к ошибочному восприятию заложенного в них законодателем смысла и, как следствие, неправильному применению соответствующей уголовно-правовой нормы. Делается вывод, что уголовно-правовые оценочные понятия, будучи опосредованными правовым дискурсом, обладают исчерпывающими функциональными возможностями и одновременно инвариантным, строго определенным (хотя и в генерализованном виде) содержанием и самоадаптирующимся к текущим реалиям понятийным объемом
The article analyzes the semantic and functional capabilities and limits of criminal law evaluative concepts. There are two types of sources of semantic and functional optionality of evaluative concepts: logical and linguistic (the content and scope of the evaluative concept) and normative and functional (regulatory and functional context of the criminal law and its specific norm). At the same time it is noted that the literal interpretation of some evaluative concepts of the criminal law can lead to an wrong perception of the meaning laid down in them by the legislator and, as a consequence, to the incorrect application of the corresponding criminal law norm. It is concluded that criminal-legal evaluative concepts, being mediated by legal discourse, have exhaustive functional capabilities and at the same time invariant, strictly defined (albeit in generalized form) content and conceptual volume self-adapting to the current realities
On some issues of sending convicts to forced labor to a correctional center
Authors: Красоткин П.Н. , ЛАСТОЧКИН А.Н. 
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается порядок направления в исправительный центр (участок исправительного учреждения, функционирующий как исправительный центр) осужденных к принудительным работам. На основе исследования, проведенного в январе 2019 г., были выявлены такие проблемы организационно-правового характера, как неопределенность термина «уполномоченный работник», порядок направления сообщения о сроке прибытия осужденного в учреждение, особенности обеспечения осужденных денежными средствами на оплату проезда и продуктами питания на время проезда к месту дислокации учреждения, порядок оформления акта об отказе от получения предписания, сроки вручения предписания. Авторами внесены предложения по совершенствованию российского законодательства и правоприменительной практики
The article discusses the procedure for sending convicts to forced labor to a correctional center (a section of a correctional institution that functions as a correctional center). On the basis of a study conducted in January 2019 such problems of an organizational and legal nature were identified as the ambiguity of the term "authorized employee", the procedure for sending a message about the time of arrival of the convict to the institution, the peculiarities of providing convicts with money to pay for travel and food for time of travel to the place of location of the institution, the procedure for issuing an act of refusal to receive an order, terms of delivery of the order. The authors made proposals for improving Russian legislation and law enforcement practice.
Problems of realization by women sentenced to imprisonment the rights to cohabitation with children and breastfeeding
Authors: Латышева Л.А. 
Published: March 2022

В статье анализируются проблемные вопросы, связанные с реализацией осужденными к лишению свободы женщинами своих материнских прав, в частности права на совместное пребывание с ребенком как в условиях исправительного учреждения, так и вне его, а также права на грудное вскармливание. На основе анализа положительного опыта Российской Федерации обосновывается целесообразность организации совместного пребывания осужденных женщин с детьми в условиях пенитенциарного учреждения, реализации грудного (естественного) вскармливания. Акцентируется внимание на том, что совместное пребывание осужденных женщин с малолетними детьми позволит оптимизировать процесс грудного вскармливания. В этой связи целесообразно внести ряд изменений в действующее российское уголовно-исполнительное законодательство в указанной сфере.
The article analyzes the problematic issues related to the realization by women sentenced to imprisonment their maternal rights, in particular, the right to stay together with a child both in a correctional institution and outside it as well as the right to breastfeeding. On the basis of an analysis of the positive experience of the Russian Federation, the expediency of organizing a joint stay of convicted women with children in a penitentiary institution, the implementation of breast (natural) feeding is substantiated. Attention is focused on the fact that the joint stay of convicted women with young children will optimize the process of breastfeeding. In this regard it is advisable to make a number of amendments to the current Russian penal legislation in this area
Criminal law policy in the field of innovation
Authors: Некрасов В.Н. 
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается содержание российской уголовной политики. Анализируется уголовная политика, направленная на противодействие преступности в области инновационной деятельности. Делается вывод, что институт ответственности за преступления в сфере инновационной деятельности формально отсутствует. Нормы Особенной части УК РФ, направленные на уголовно-правовое обеспечение инновационной деятельности, расположены в различных разделах и главах кодекса
The article examines the content of Russian criminal policy. The article analyzes the criminal policy aimed at combating crime in the field of innovation. It is concluded that the institution of responsibility for crimes in the field of innovation is formally absent. The norms of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, aimed at criminal law support for innovative activities, are located in various sections and chapters of the code