bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-life analysis on safety and efficacy of asciminib for ponatinib pretreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Luna A. , Pérez-Lamas L. , Boque C. , Giraldo P. , Xicoy B. , Ruiz Nuño C. , Vega M. Moreno , Alvarez-Larrán A. , Salamanca A. , García-Noblejas A. , Vall-Llovera F. , Villalon L. , De las Heras N. , Ramila E. , Pérez-Encinas M. , Cuevas B. , Perez-Lopez R. , Sanchez-Guijo F. , Jiménez-Velasco A. , Lakhwani S. , Casado L. Felipe , Rosell A. , Escola A. , Fernández M. J. , Garcia-Hernandez C. , Cervero C. , Mora E. , Sagüés M. , Suarez-Varela S. , Vélez P. , Carrascosa Mastell P. , Bitaube R. F. , Serrano L. , Cortes M. , Vera Goñi J.A , Steegmann J. L. , de Soria V. Gomez Garcia , Alonso-Dominguez J. M. , Araujo M. Colorado , Coll A. Paz , Hernandez-Boluda J.C , García-Gutiérrez V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFailure of second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2GTKI) is a challenging situation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Asciminib, recently approved by the US Federal Drug Administration, has demonstrated in clinical trials a good efficacy and safety profile after failure of 2GTKI. However, no study has specifically addressed response rates to asciminib in ponatinib pretreated patients (PPT). Here, we present data on responses to asciminib from 52 patients in clinical practice, 20 of them (38%) with prior ponatinib exposure. We analyzed retrospectively responses and toxicities under asciminib and compared results between PPT and non-PPT patients.After a median follow-up of 30 months, 34 patients (65%) switched to asciminib due to intolerance and 18 (35%) due to resistance to prior TKIs. Forty-six patients (88%) had received at least 3 prior TKIs. Regarding responses, complete cytogenetic response was achieved or maintained in 74% and 53% for non-PPT and PPT patients, respectively. Deeper responses such as major molecular response and molecular response 4.5 were achieved in 65% and 19% in non-PPT versus 32% and 11% in PPT, respectively. Two patients (4%) harbored the T315I mutation, both PPT.In terms of toxicities, non-PPT displayed 22% grade 3–4 TEAE versus 20% in PPT. Four patients (20% of PPT) suffered from cross-intolerance with asciminib as they did under ponatinib.Our data supports asciminib as a promising alternative in resistant and intolerant non-PPT patients, as well as in intolerant PPT patients; the resistant PPT subset remains as a challenging group in need of further therapeutic options.
Mid-infrared laser polarization spectroscopy for quantitative measurement of species and temperature: a review
Authors: Zhao Wanxia , Alwahabi Zeyad T. , Dally Bassam B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMid-infrared laser polarization spectroscopy (IRPS) is a powerful diagnostic technique suitable for the quantitative measurement of species concentration and temperature. IRPS is well suited to reactive multiphase flows and is not affected by the presence of particles and other nanostructures. It has the potential to detect species that have no accessible single-photon electronic transition in the UV/Visible range. In this review, an overview of the various contributions that have been devoted to the development and application of IRPS are summarized and discussed. The basic theoretical framework is presented and the nature of the IRPS experiments is described. Then, several types of IRPS applications are reviewed, including the measurement of the concentration of minor species and the temperature, the study of molecular dynamics and collision energy transfer, and the feasibility of 2D imaging with high spatial resolution. Finally, future prospects, required improvements, and potential application fields of IRPS are provided.
ENSO atmospheric feedbacks under global warming and their relation to mean-state changes
Authors: Bayr Tobias , Latif Mojib 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTwo atmospheric feedbacks play an important role in the dynamics of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), namely the amplifying zonal wind feedback and the damping heat flux feedback. Here we investigate how and why both feedbacks change under global warming in climate models participating in the 5th and 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5 and CMIP6) under the business-as-usual scenario (RCP8.5 and SSP5-8.5, respectively). The amplifying zonal wind feedback over the western equatorial Pacific (WEP) becomes significantly stronger in two third of the models, on average by 12 ± 7% in these models. The heat flux damping feedback over the eastern and central equatorial Pacific (EEP and CEP, respectively) increases as well in nearly all models, with the damping effect increasing on average by 18 ± 11%. The simultaneous strengthening of the two feedbacks can be explained by the stronger warming in the EEP relative to the WEP and the off-equatorial regions, which shifts the rising branch of the Pacific Walker Circulation to the east and increases the mean convection over the CEP. This in turn leads to a stronger vertical wind response during ENSO events over the CEP that strengthens both atmospheric feedbacks. We separate the climate models into sub-ensembles with STRONG and WEAK ENSO atmospheric feedbacks, as 2/3 of the models underestimate both feedbacks under present-day conditions by more than 40%, causing an error compensation in the ENSO dynamics. The biased mean state in WEAK in 20C constrains the ENSO atmospheric feedback projection in 21C, as the models of the WEAK sub-ensemble also have weaker ENSO atmospheric feedbacks in 21C. Further, due to the more realistic dynamics and teleconnections, we postulate that one should have more confidence in the ENSO predictions with models belonging to the STRONG sub-ensemble. Finally, we analyze the relation between ENSO amplitude change and ENSO atmospheric feedback change. We find that models simulating an eastward shift of the zonal wind feedback and increasing precipitation over the EEP during Eastern Pacific El Niño events tend to predict a larger ENSO amplitude in response to global warming.
Third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in cardiothoracic transplant recipients: predictive factors for humoral response
Authors: Costard-Jäckle Angelika , Schramm René , Fischer Bastian , Rivinius Rasmus , Bruno Raphael , Müller Benjamin , Zittermann Armin , Boeken Udo , Westenfeld Ralf , Knabbe Cornelius , Gummert Jan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
We report the results of a prospective study on the immunogenicity of a 3rd dose of BNT162b2 in thoracic organ recipients with no or minimal response following a two-dose BNT162b2 vaccination scheme.

Methods
A total of 243 transplant recipients received a homologue 3rd dose. Anti-SARS-CoV2-immunoglobulins (IgGs) were monitored immediately before (T1), 4 weeks (T2) as well as 2 and 4 months after the 3rd dose. Neutralizing antibody capacity (NAC) was determined at T2. To reveal predictors for detectable humoral response, patients were divided into a positive response group (n = 129) based on the combined criteria of IgGs and NAC above the defined cut-offs at T2—and a group with negative response (n = 114), with both, IgGs and NAC beyond the cut-offs.

Results
The 3rd dose induced a positive humoral response in 53% of patients at T2, 47% were still non-responsive. Sero-positivity was significantly stronger in patients who presented with weak, but detectable IgGs already prior to the booster (T1), when compared to those with no detectable response at T1. Multivariable analysis identified age > 55 years, a period since transplantation < 2 years, a reduced glomerular filtration rate, a triple immunosuppressive regimen, and the use of tacrolimus and of mycophenolate as independent risk factors for lack of humoral response.

Conclusions
Our data indicate that a lack of immunogenicity is linked to the type and extent of maintenance immunosuppression. The necessity of the cumulative immunosuppressive regimen might individually be questioned and possibly be reduced to enhance the chance of an immune response following an additional booster dose.
People perception and stereotype-based responding: task context matters
Authors: Persson Linn M. , Falbén Johanna K. , Tsamadi Dimitra , Macrae C. Neil 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhether group impact social perception is a topic of renewed theoretical and empirical interest. In particular, it remains unclear when and how the composition of a group influences a core component of social cognition—stereotype-based responding. Accordingly, exploring this issue, here we investigated the extent to which different task requirements moderate the stereotype-related products of people perception. Following the presentation of same-sex groups that varied in facial typicality (i.e., high or low femininity/masculinity), participants had to report either the gender-related status of target words (i.e., a group-irrelevant gender-classification task) or whether the items were stereotypic or counter-stereotypic with respect to the preceding groups (i.e., a group-relevant stereotype-status task). Critically, facial typicality only impacted performance in the stereotype-status task. A further computational analysis (i.e., Diffusion Model) traced this effect to the combined operation of stimulus processing and response biases during decision-making. Specifically, evidence accumulation was faster when targets followed groups that were high (vs. low) in typicality and these arrays also triggered a stronger bias toward stereotypic (vs. counter-stereotypic) responses. Collectively, these findings elucidate when and how group variability influences people perception.
Kidney biopsy diagnosis in childhood in the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry and the long-term risk of kidney replacement therapy: a 25-year follow-up
Authors: Gjerstad Ann Christin , Skrunes Rannveig , Tøndel Camilla , Åsberg Anders , Leh Sabine , Klingenberg Claus , Døllner Henrik , Hammarstrøm Clara , Bjerre Anna Kristina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
There is scarce information on biopsy-verified kidney disease in childhood and its progression to chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD 5). This study aims to review biopsy findings in children, and to investigate risk of kidney replacement therapy (KRT).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective long-term follow-up study of children included in the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry (NKBR) and in the Norwegian Renal Registry (NRR) from 1988 to 2021.

Results
In total, 575 children with a median (interquartile range, IQR) age of 10.7 (6.1 to 14.1) years were included, and median follow-up time (IQR) after kidney biopsy was 14.3 (range 8.9 to 21.6) years. The most common biopsy diagnoses were minimal change disease (MCD; n = 92), IgA vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN; n = 76), IgA nephropathy (n = 63), and focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; n = 47). In total, 118 (20.5%) of the biopsied children reached CKD 5, median (IQR) time to KRT 2.3 years (7 months to 8.4 years). Most frequently, nephronophthisis (NPHP; n = 16), FSGS (n = 30), IgA nephropathy (n = 9), and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN; n = 9) led to KRT.

Conclusions
The risk of KRT after a kidney biopsy diagnosis is highly dependent on the diagnosis. None of the children with MCD commenced KRT, while 63.8% with FSGS and 100% with NPHP reached KRT. Combining data from kidney biopsy registries with registries on KRT allows for detailed information concerning the risk for later CKD 5 after biopsy-verified kidney disease in childhood.

Graphical abstract
A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information
Efficacy of lower arch leveling, lower incisors’ root resorption, and pain associated with the correction of curve of Spee using different orthodontic archwires: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Nasrawi Yousef H. , Alhaija Elham S. Abu , Al Maaitah Emad F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare between 3 archwires (AWs) for leveling curve of Spee (COS) in terms of efficacy of reduction, external apical root resorption (EARR), pain experienced, and the lower arch dimensional changes during COS leveling.Trial designRandomized clinical trial.SettingJordan University of Science and Technology Postgraduate dental clinics.Material and methodsFifty-three subjects with COS > 5 mm were included in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups based on the AW used: group 1, 0.017 × 0.025-inch stainless-steel (SS) AW; group 2, 0.019 × 0.025-inch SS AW; and group 3, 0.021 × 0.025-inch β-titanium (TMA) AW. The intervention was randomly allocated using the permuted random block size of 3 with a 1:1:1 allocation ratio. In the three groups, a 5-mm depth reverse COS was placed in the AWs. The following time points were defined for COS assessment: T1, before interventional leveling AW placement; and T2–T7, 1–6 months after interventional leveling AW placement. Records consisted of dental study models and periapical (PA) radiographs. Pain scores were recorded using visual analogue scale. Patients were followed up on a monthly basis until COS < 1.5 mm.Main outcome measuresCOS depth reduction, lower incisors’ EARR, pain scores, and arch dimensional changes.ResultsAn overall reduction of 3.82 mm, 4.47 mm, and 3.85 mm of the depth of COS was achieved in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The mean differences of 0.65 mm between groups 1 and 2 and 0.62 mm between groups 2 and 3 were significant atP < 0.05. Lower incisors’ EARR during leveling COS ranged from 0.68 to 0.72 mm, from 0.63 to 0.82 mm, and from 0.53 to 0.88 mm in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P > 0.05). Higher pain scores were reported by group 2 subjects during the first 24 h. Arch length and width increased significantly in groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). In all groups, COS leveling was achieved by lower incisor intrusion and proclination and lower molar extrusion.ConclusionsAll investigated AWs were effective in leveling COS with minimal lower incisors’ EARR (< 1 mm). COS was leveled by lower incisors’ intrusion and proclination and lower molar extrusion. Pain scores were the highest in group 2 during the first 24 h.Clinical relevanceThe 3 investigated leveling AWs were effective for the leveling COS and at the same time safe on the roots of the lower anterior teeth.
Real-time obstacle detection in a darkroom using a monocular camera and a line laser
Authors: Akamine Sota , Totoki Shingo , Itami Taku , Yoneyama Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhen a disaster strikes, one of the highest priorities is to save the lives of the victims. The proportion of victims that rescuers can save is strongly related to how quickly rescue efforts can begin. Therefore, early detection of disaster victims is very important. However, significant risks are involved in rescue operations immediately after a disaster. In fact, in the Great East Japan Earthquake, approximately 250 firefighters died while rescuing victims. Under such circumstances, rapid and safe rescue operations are needed at disaster sites. For this purpose, it is important to improve the technology of disaster relief robots. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to measure the linear distance to an obstacle in real time using only a line laser and a monocular camera. This approach allows the use of a camera to obtain more information than the one-dimensional information such as that obtained by ultrasonic sensors. Moreover, this method of obstacle detection for disaster rescue robots is smaller and more durable than large measurement systems such as LiDAR that have been used in the past. In addition, since only one camera is used, the processing cost is low and the processing equipment is expected to be small. The proposed method’s effectiveness is indicated by comparing the distance measured from the image processing results in a dynamic environment with the actual distance between the obstacle and a crawler robot by having the robot move straight toward to an obstacle.
Evaluating the effectiveness of automatic image captioning for web accessibility
Authors: Leotta Maurizio , Mori Fabrizio , Ribaudo Marina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe web has become a fundamental tool for carrying out many activities spanning from education to work and private life. For this reason, it must be accessible to every user regardless of any form of impairment or disability. Images on the web are a primary means for communicating information, and specific HTML elements were defined to enrich images with textual descriptions, which can be read aloud by screen readers or rendered by braille displays. A relevant problem is that adding a text describing each image published on a website is a demanding task requiring a non-negligible effort for web developers. Several tools based on machine learning have emerged, which can automatically return descriptions for the images. In this work, we evaluate the correctness of their outputs by comparing the generated descriptions with human-defined references. More specifically, we selected 60 images from Wikipedia and their corresponding descriptions as defined by Wikipedia contributors. We then generated the corresponding descriptions employing four state of the art tools (Azure Computer Vision Engine, Amazon Rekognition, Cloudsight, and Auto Alt-Text for Google Chrome) and asked 76 computer science students to blindly evaluate the perceived correctness of the descriptions without being aware of their source. The results show that the descriptions available in Wikipedia are still perceived as the best ones. However, some tools generate good results for specific categories of images, and they can represent proper candidates for the automated and massive addition of image descriptions to websites, helping to increase the accessibility level of the web drastically.
Highdicom: a Python Library for Standardized Encoding of Image Annotations and Machine Learning Model Outputs in Pathology and Radiology
Authors: Bridge Christopher P. , Gorman Chris , Pieper Steven , Doyle Sean W. , Lennerz Jochen K. , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Clunie David A. , Fedorov Andriy Y. , Herrmann Markus D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMachine learning (ML) is revolutionizing image-based diagnostics in pathology and radiology. ML models have shown promising results in research settings, but the lack of interoperability between ML systems and enterprise medical imaging systems has been a major barrier for clinical integration and evaluation. The DICOM® standard specifies information object definitions (IODs) and services for the representation and communication of digital images and related information, including image-derived annotations and analysis results. However, the complexity of the standard represents an obstacle for its adoption in the ML community and creates a need for software libraries and tools that simplify working with datasets in DICOM format. Here we present the highdicom library, which provides a high-level application programming interface (API) for the Python programming language that abstracts low-level details of the standard and enables encoding and decoding of image-derived information in DICOM format in a few lines of Python code. The highdicom library leverages NumPy arrays for efficient data representation and ties into the extensive Python ecosystem for image processing and machine learning. Simultaneously, by simplifying creation and parsing of DICOM-compliant files, highdicom achieves interoperability with the medical imaging systems that hold the data used to train and run ML models, and ultimately communicate and store model outputs for clinical use. We demonstrate through experiments with slide microscopy and computed tomography imaging, that, by bridging these two ecosystems, highdicom enables developers and researchers to train and evaluate state-of-the-art ML models in pathology and radiology while remaining compliant with the DICOM standard and interoperable with clinical systems at all stages. To promote standardization of ML research and streamline the ML model development and deployment process, we made the library available free and open-source at https://github.com/herrmannlab/highdicom.
Prescription of opioid analgesics for non-cancer pain in Germany: study protocol for a mixed methods analysis
Authors: Schrader Nils Frederik , Niemann Anja , Speckemeier Christian , Abels Carina , Blase Nikola , Giebel Godwin Denk , Riederer Cordula , Nadstawek Joachim , Straßmeir Wolfgang , Wasem Jürgen , Neusser Silke 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
Long-term therapy with opioid analgesics bears the risk of complications, such as misuse, abuse, and dependence. An evidence-based guideline addresses the long-term use of opioid analgesics for non-cancer pain. Recent studies observed an increase in opioid prescriptions over the past two decades in Germany. However, the exact circumstances of this increase and if long-term therapy adheres to these guidelines in practice remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the provision of opioid analgesics for adults with non-cancer pain from patients’ and physicians’ perspectives. Based on the results, recommendations for care strategies for the patient groups at risk of misuse, abuse, and dependence were developed.

Methods
Built on a mixed methods approach, this evaluation combines (i) interviews with primary care physicians and specialists, (ii) surveys of patients and physicians, (iii) analyses based on administrative claims data from a German statutory health insurance provider. Proceeding from the analysis of the evaluation results, the development of care strategies included (iv) semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and (v) expert workshops.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to analyze opioid prescriptions from the combined perspectives of patients and practitioners in Germany. The results are intended to facilitate the development of target group-specific care strategies and recommendations to establish a general framework for the implementation of care strategies.
A framework for the estimation of treatment costs of cardiovascular conditions in the presence of disease transition
Authors: Goswami Mohit , Daultani Yash , Paul Sanjoy Kumar , Pratap Saurabh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current research aims to aid policymakers and healthcare service providers in estimating expected long-term costs of medical treatment, particularly for chronic conditions characterized by disease transition. The study comprised two phases (qualitative and quantitative), in which we developed linear optimization-based mathematical frameworks to ascertain the expected long-term treatment cost per patient considering the integration of various related dimensions such as the progression of the medical condition, the accuracy of medical treatment, treatment decisions at respective severity levels of the medical condition, and randomized/deterministic policies. At the qualitative research stage, we conducted the data collection and validation of various cogent hypotheses acting as inputs to the prescriptive modeling stage. We relied on data collected from 115 different cardio-vascular clinicians to understand the nuances of disease transition and related medical dimensions. The framework developed was implemented in the context of a multi-specialty hospital chain headquartered in the capital city of a state in Eastern India, the results of which have led to some interesting insights. For instance, at the prescriptive modeling stage, though one of our contributions related to the development of a novel medical decision-making framework, we illustrated that the randomized versus deterministic policy seemed more cost-competitive. We also identified that the expected treatment cost was most sensitive to variations in steady-state probability at the “major” as opposed to the “severe” stage of a medical condition, even though the steady-state probability of the “severe” state was less than that of the “major” state.