bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MOF-Like 3D Graphene-Based Catalytic Membrane Fabricated by One-Step Laser Scribing for Robust Water Purification and Green Energy Production
Authors: Huang Xinyu , Li Liheng , Zhao Shuaifei , Tong Lei , Li Zheng , Peng Zhuiri , Lin Runfeng , Zhou Li , Peng Chang , Xue Kan-Hao , Chen Lijuan , Cheng Gary J. , Xiong Zhu , Ye Lei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIncreasing both clean water and green energy demands for survival and development are the grand challenges of our age. Here, we successfully fabricate a novel multifunctional 3D graphene-based catalytic membrane (3D-GCM) with active metal nanoparticles (AMNs) loading for simultaneously obtaining the water purification and clean energy generation, via a “green” one-step laser scribing technology. The as-prepared 3D-GCM shows high porosity and uniform distribution with AMNs, which exhibits high permeated fluxes (over 100 L m−2 h−1) and versatile super-adsorption capacities for the removal of tricky organic pollutants from wastewater under ultra-low pressure-driving (0.1 bar). After adsorption saturating, the AMNs in 3D-GCM actuates the advanced oxidization process to self-clean the fouled membrane via the catalysis, and restores the adsorption capacity well for the next time membrane separation. Most importantly, the 3D-GCM with the welding of laser scribing overcomes the lateral shear force damaging during the long-term separation. Moreover, the 3D-GCM could emit plentiful of hot electrons from AMNs under light irradiation, realizing the membrane catalytic hydrolysis reactions for hydrogen energy generation. This “green” precision manufacturing with laser scribing technology provides a feasible technology to fabricate high-efficient and robust 3D-GCM microreactor in the tricky wastewater purification and sustainable clean energy production as well.
Bioinspired Multi-Metal Structures Produced via Direct Ink Writing
Authors: Xu Chao , Chen Xiang , Wu Wenzheng , Liu Qingping , Ren Luquan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBioinspired Multi-Metal Structures (MMSs) combine distinct properties of multiple materials, benefiting from improved properties and providing superior designs. Additive Manufacturing (AM) exhibits enormous advantages in applying different materials and geometries according to the desired functions at specific locations of the structure, having great potential in fabricating multi-materials structures. However, current AM techniques have difficulty manufacturing 3D MMSs without material cross-contamination flexibly and reliably. This study demonstrates a reliable, fast, and flexible direct ink writing method to fabricate 3D MMSs. The in-situ material-switching system enables the deposition of multiple metallic materials across different layers and within the same layer. 3D Fe–Cu MMSs with complex geometries and fine details are fabricated as proof of concept. The microstructures, chemical and phase compositions, and tensile fracture surfaces of the Fe–Cu interfaces indicate a well-bonded interface without cracks, delamination, or material cross-contamination. We envision this novel method making other metallic combinations and even metal-ceramic components. It paves the way for manufacturing 3D MMSs using AM and establishes the possibilities of numerous MMSs applications in engineering fields.
The importance of humanizing AI: using a behavioral lens to bridge the gaps between humans and machines
Authors: Fenwick A. , Molnar G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne of the biggest challenges in Artificial Intelligence (AI) development and application is the lack of consideration for human enhancement as a cornerstone for its operationalization. Nor is there a universally accepted approach that guides best practices in this field. However, the behavioral science field offers suggestions on how to develop a sustainable and enriching relationship between humans and intelligent machines. This paper provides a three-level (micro, meso and macro) framework on how to humanize AI with the intention of enhancing human properties and experiences. It argues that humanizing AI will help make intelligent machines not just more efficient but will also make their application more ethical and human-centric. Suggestions to policymakers, organizations, and developers are made on how to implement this framework to fix existing issues in AI and create a more symbiotic relationship between humans and machines moving into the future.
Prosecuting Poverty, Criminalizing Care
Authors: Bach Wendy A. 
Published: August 2022

At the height of the opiate epidemic, Tennessee lawmakers made it a crime for a pregnant woman to transmit narcotics to a fetus. They promised that charging new mothers with this crime would help them receive the treatment and support they often desperately need. In Prosecuting Poverty, Criminalizing Care, Wendy Bach describes the law's actual effect through meticulous examination of the cases of 120 women who were prosecuted for this crime. Drawing on quantitative and qualitative data, Bach demonstrates that both prosecuting 'fetal assault', and institutionalizing the all-too-common idea that criminalization is a road to care, lead at best to clinically dangerous and corrupt treatment, and at worst, and far more often, to an insidious smokescreen obscuring harsh punishment. Urgent, instructive, and humane, this retelling demands we stop criminalizing care and instead move towards robust and respectful systems that meet the real needs of families in poor communities.
Conducting a pediatric randomized clinical trial during a pandemic: A shift to virtual procedures
Authors: Roberts James R. , Chervinskiy Sheva K. , McCulloh Russell , Snowden Jessica , Darden Paul M. , Phan Thao-Ly T. , Dawley Erin , Reynolds Victoria , Lim Crystal S. , Pyles Lee , Hubberd DeAnn , Baldner Jaime , Lawrence Lora , Davis Ann M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background/Objective:
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, our research group initiated a pediatric practice-based randomized trial for the treatment of childhood obesity in rural communities. Approximately 6 weeks into the originally planned 10-week enrollment period, the trial was forced to pause all study activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This pause necessitated a substantial revision in recruitment, enrollment, and other study methods in order to complete the trial using virtual procedures. This descriptive paper outlines methods used to recruit, enroll, and manage clinical trial participants with technology to obtain informed consent, obtain height and weight measurements by video, and maintain participant engagement throughout the duration of the trial.

Methods:
The study team reviewed the IRB records, protocol team meeting minutes and records, and surveyed the site teams to document the impact of the COVID-19 shift to virtual procedures on the study. The IRB approved study changes allowed for flexibility between clinical sites given variations in site resources, which was key to success of the implementation.

Results:
All study sites faced a variety of logistical challenges unique to their location yet successfully recruited the required number of patients for the trial. Ultimately, virtual procedures enhanced our ability to establish relationships with participants who were previously beyond our reach, but presented several challenges and required additional resources.

Conclusion:
Lessons learned from this study can assist other study groups in navigating challenges, especially when recruiting and implementing studies with rural and underserved populations or during challenging events like the pandemic.
The First Challenge to Canada’s Supply Management System under CUSMA: Tweaking the Supply Management System One Dispute at a Time
Authors: BIUKOVIC LJILJANA 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn 2021, the United States challenged Canadian dairy import tariff rate quotas (TRQs) before the first state-to-state arbitration panel under Chapter 31 of the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA). The panel held that the method of allocation of TRQs limited the US dairy industry’s access to the Canadian market and therefore violated CUSMA provisions. However, the panel also acknowledged that the Canadian supply management system for dairy products is a unique regulatory framework for production control, pricing mechanisms, and import control. This article explores the case as a test of the functioning of the improved CUSMA dispute settlement process and of Canada’s ability to protect its supply management system for dairy products from renewed pressure coming from its most important trade partner.
FINITE GROUPS WITH LARGE CHERMAK–DELGADO LATTICES
Authors: FASOLĂ GEORGIANA , TǍRNǍUCEANU MARIUS 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGiven a finite group G, we denote by
$L(G)$
the subgroup lattice of G and by
${\cal CD}(G)$
the Chermak–Delgado lattice of G. In this note, we determine the finite groups G such that
$|{\cal CD}(G)|=|L(G)|-k$
, for
$k=1,2$
.
Fish tapeworms (Cestoda) in the molecular era: achievements, gaps and prospects
Authors: Scholz Tomáš , Kuchta Roman 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe tapeworms of fishes (Chondrichthyes and Actinopterygii) account one-third (1670 from around 5000) of the total tapeworm (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda) species diversity. In total 1186 species from 9 orders occur as adults in elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and chimaeras), and 484 species from 8 orders mature in ray-finned fishes (referred to here as teleosts). Teleost tapeworms are dominated by freshwater species (78%), but only 3% of elasmobranch tapeworms are known from freshwater rays of South America and Asia (Borneo). In the last 2 decades, vast progress has been made in understanding species diversity, host associations and interrelationships among fish tapeworms. In total, 172 new species have been described since 2017 (149 from elasmobranchs and 23 from teleosts; invalidly described taxa are not included, especially those from the Oriental region). Molecular data, however, largely limited to a few molecular markers (mainly 28S rDNA, but also 18S and cox1), are available for about 40% of fish tapeworm species. They allowed us to significantly improve our understanding of their interrelationships, including proposals of a new, more natural classification at the higher-taxonomy level (orders and families) as well as at the lower-taxonomy level (genera). In this review, we summarize the main advances and provide perspectives for future research.
Decay of parasite community similarity with host phylogenetic and geographic distances among deep-sea fish (grenadiers)
Authors: Chai Xuhong , Bennett Jerusha , Poulin Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough parasite community studies are growing in numbers, our understanding of which macro-ecological and evolutionary processes have shaped parasite communities is still based on a narrow range of host–parasite systems. The present study assessed the diversity and endoparasite species composition in New Zealand deep-sea fish (grenadiers, family Macrouridae), and tested the effects of host phylogeny and geography on the structure of endoparasite communities using a distance decay framework. We found that grenadiers from the Chatham Rise harboured a surprisingly high diversity of digeneans, cestodes and nematodes, with different species of grenadiers having different parasite assemblages. Our results demonstrate that community similarity based on the presence/absence of parasites was only affected by the phylogenetic relatedness among grenadier species. In contrast, both phylogenetic distance among grenadiers (measured as the number of base-pair differences of DNA sequences) and geographic distance between sample locations influenced the similarity of parasite communities based on the parasites' prevalence and mean abundance. Our key findings highlight the significant effect of deep-sea host phylogeny in shaping their parasite assemblages, a factor previously neglected in studies of parasite communities in deep-sea systems.
Conceptualizing divine trust
Authors: Stigall Jason 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDoes God trust human persons? Very little in philosophy of religion has been written about God's trust, which seems striking for two joint considerations. First, many of the Abrahamic faith traditions posit that union and close personal relationship with God is thetelosof human life. Second, trust seems to be an essential element in ideal, close relationships between persons. While there is much in the faith literature that emphasizes the role of trust on the human side of the divine–human relationship, there is very little on divine trust. To fill this lacuna, this article addresses the conceptual issue of how divine trust could be understood within the Abrahamic faith traditions (particularly in Christianity and Judaism). I begin by examining whether an account of divine trust can be developed alongside divine attributes like divine foreknowledge. After identifying some plausible conditions of trust within the philosophical literature, I present a couple of trust scenarios as a means of demonstrating that divine trust is not only conceptually plausible (i.e. compatible with divine foreknowledge), but that divine trust is best construed as a particular trust type – therapeutic trust. That is, I argue that divine trust aims at inspiring humanity's trustworthiness.
New approach in stage 1 surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome: preliminary outcomes
Authors: Çelik Mehmet , Gökdemir Mahmut , Cındık Nimet , Günaydın Asım Ç. , Aygün Fatih , Özkan Murat 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectives:We present the short-term results of an alternative method in stage 1 surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.Methods:Data of 16 consecutive patients who were treated with the novel method in our clinic between February 2019 and March 2021 were analysed retrospectively. Preoperative data and postoperative follow-up were recorded.Results:Of the 16 operated patients, 12 were diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, while four were diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome variants. Seven patients died during early postoperative period. One patient died at home waiting stage 2 surgery. Three patient underwent stage 2 surgery. Pulmonary artery reconstruction was performed in one patient due to left pulmonary artery distortion.Conclusions:We believe that our method can be an effective alternative in the surgery of hypoplastic left heart syndrome and its variants. It is hoped that with increasing number of studies and more experience better outcome will be achieved.
Bayesian Optimization With Transfer Learning: A Study on Spatial Variability of Rock Properties Using NMR Relaxometry
Authors: Li Rupeng , Shikhov Igor , Arns Christoph H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance measurements of sedimentary rocks are used to extract various transport properties including hydraulic conductivity and water retention curves. These estimates are controlled by intrinsic physical quantities like surface relaxivities, and effective relaxation time and restricted self‐diffusion coefficient of water in clay. Sampling these properties on a set of core plugs presents a series of inverse problems where some of the extracted parameters are expected to be similar. To leverage such valuable information, we extend a previously developed single‐task inverse solution workflow (ISW) to the multi‐task case, transferring the knowledge gained from previous optimization tasks. Two multi‐task kernels: intrinsic model of coregionalization (ICM) and linear model of coregionalization are compared to capture the underlying correlations. We consider three micro‐CT images of Bentheimer sandstone from two different blocks imaged at different resolutions, following different segmentation pathways, and demonstrate our approach for the case of low and high task similarity. In both scenarios the multi‐task ISW finds lower fitting residuals and uses only one‐third to one‐half of the function evaluations required by the single‐task ISW. The scalability of the multi‐task ISW is demonstrated by transferring knowledge of two completed optimization tasks to a third task, which outperforms the single‐task ISW, with ICM showing faster convergence. The observed 4% difference for the values identified for samples from the same block and around 28% difference across blocks indicates significant spatial variability in surface relaxivity of the main mineral component, while effective clay parameters show a significantly higher variability.
Origin of Dawnside Subauroral Polarization Streams During Major Geomagnetic Storms
Authors: Lin Dong , Wang Wenbin , Merkin Viacheslav G. , Huang Chaosong , Oppenheim Meers , Sorathia Kareem , Pham Kevin , Michael Adam , Bao Shanshan , Wu Qian , Zhang Yongliang , Wiltberger Michael , Toffoletto Frank , Lyon John , Garretson Jeffrey 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSolar eruptions cause geomagnetic storms in the near‐Earth environment, creating spectacular aurorae visible to the human eye and invisible dynamic changes permeating all of geospace. Just equatorward of the aurora, radars and satellites often observe intense westward plasma flows called subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) in the dusk‐to‐midnight ionosphere. SAPS occur across a narrow latitudinal range and lead to intense frictional heating of the ionospheric plasma and atmospheric neutral gas. SAPS also generate small‐scale plasma waves and density irregularities that interfere with radio communications. As opposed to the commonly observed duskside SAPS, intense eastward subauroral plasma flows in the morning sector were recently discovered to have occurred during a super storm on 20 November 2003. However, the origin of these flows termed “dawnside SAPS” could not be explained by the same mechanism that causes SAPS on the duskside and has remained a mystery. Through real‐event global geospace simulations, here we demonstrate that dawnside SAPS can only occur during major storm conditions. During these times, the magnetospheric plasma convection is so strong as to effectively transport ions to the dawnside, whereas they are typically deflected to the dusk by the energy‐dependent drifts. Ring current pressure then builds up on the dawnside and drives field‐aligned currents that connect to the subauroral ionosphere, where eastward SAPS are generated. The origin of dawnside SAPS explicated in this study advances our understanding of how the geospace system responds to strongly disturbed solar wind driving conditions that can have severe detrimental impacts on human society and infrastructure.
Microgravity Change During the 2008–2018 Kı̄lauea Summit Eruption: Nearly a Decade of Subsurface Mass Accumulation
Authors: Koymans M. R. , de Zeeuw‐van Dalfsen E. , Evers L. G. , Poland M. P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResults from nine microgravity campaigns from Kı̄lauea, Hawaiʻi, spanning most of the volcano's 2008–2018 summit eruption, indicate persistent mass accumulation at shallow levels. A weighted least squares approach is used to recover microgravity results from a network of benchmarks around Kı̄lauea's summit, eliminate instrumental drift, and restore suspected data tares. A total mass of 1.9 × 1011 kg was determined from these microgravity campaigns to have accumulated below Kı̄lauea Caldera during 2009–2015 at an estimated depth of 1.3 km below sea level. Only a fraction of this mass is reflected in surface deformation, and this is consistent with previously reported discrepancies between subsurface mass accumulation and observed surface deformation. The discrepancy, amongst other independent evidence from gas emissions, seismicity, and continuous gravimetry, indicate densification of magma in the reservoirs below the volcano summit. This densification may have been driven by degassing through the summit vent. It is hypothesized that during the final years of the summit eruption, magma densification resulted in a buildup of pressure in the reservoirs that may have contributed to the lower East Rift Zone outbreak of 2018. The observed mass accumulation beneath Kı̄lauea could not have been detected through other techniques and illustrates the importance of microgravity measurements in volcano monitoring.
Capillary Water in 2‐D Drying‐Cracking Soil Sub‐Grain Models: Morphology and Kinematics of Evaporation and Haines Jumps
Authors: Mielniczuk Boleslaw , Hueckel Tomasz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMorphing of capillary water during the drying of a cluster of three wet grains is imaged and measured. The uniqueness of the tests is in the grains being long cylinders to make the system as close to a 2‐D one as possible. In this way, the Laplace pressure depends on the only one curvature of the meniscus, which can easily be followed and is continuously image processed. The motion of liquid/gas interface, and its rate, as well as of contact angle and perimeter, are also monitored. The drying water body has been known to undergo two modes of re‐morphing: a slow, evaporation rate‐controlled one and a fast, inertia‐driven instabilities of the interfaces. Two particular forms of dynamic re‐morphing are being followed: one, called classically an “air entry,” which is a meniscus jump before its approaching the throat between the top and a bottom grain and another jump of the bottom contact, with a splitting of the meniscus into two between only two of the three grains. Associated dynamic variables, capillary pressure, and surface tension forces developing prior to and in conjunction with the instabilities of the menisci are presented in a companion paper by Hueckel et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR031938).
Risk of progression following a negative biopsy in prostate cancer active surveillance
Authors: Beckmann Kerri , Santaolalla Aida , Sugimoto Mikio , Carroll Peter , Rubio Jose , Villers Arnauld , Bjartell Anders , Morgan Todd , Dasgupta Prokar , Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Elhage Oussama ,   The Movember Foundation’s Global Action Plan Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance (GAP3) Consortium
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, follow-up protocols are applied equally to men on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa) regardless of findings at their initial follow-up biopsy. To determine whether less intensive follow-up is suitable following negative biopsy findings, we assessed the risk of converting to active treatment, any subsequent upgrading, volume progression (>33% positive cores), and serious upgrading (grade group >2) for negative compared with positive findings on initial follow-up biopsy.

Methods
13,161 men from 24 centres participating in the Global Action Plan Active Surveillance Prostate Cancer [GAP3] consortium database, with baseline grade group ≤2, PSA ≤ 20 ng/mL, cT-stage 1–2, diagnosed after 1995, and ≥1 follow-up biopsy, were included in this study. Risk of converting to treatment was assessed using multivariable mixed-effects survival regression. Odds of volume progression, any upgrading and serious upgrading were assessed using mix-effects binary logistic regression for men with ≥2 surveillance biopsies.

Results
27% of the cohort (n = 3590) had no evidence of PCa at their initial biopsy. Over 50% of subsequent biopsies in this group were also negative. A negative initial biopsy was associated with lower risk of conversion (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42–0.49), subsequent upgrading (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.52; 95%CI: 0.45–0.62) and serious upgrading (OR: 0.74; 95%CI: 0.59–92). Radiological progression was not assessed due to limited imaging data.

Conclusion
Despite heterogeneity in follow-up schedules, findings from this global study indicated reduced risk of converting to treatment, volume progression, any upgrading and serious upgrading among men whose initial biopsy findings were negative compared with positive. Given the low risk of progression and high likelihood of further negative biopsy findings, consideration should be given to decreasing follow-up intensity for this group to reduce unnecessary invasive biopsies.