bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: The Determinants of Maternal Health Care Service Utilization in Sheka Zone South West Ethiopia.
Authors: Yemane Getahun Dejene , Korsa Birhanu Bededa , Bambo Meseret Mesfin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Maternal health has become a global public health issue as a result of the fact that maternal health care issuer utilization can save the lives of tens of thousands of women in the reproductive age group. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine how often Maternal Health Services were used in the Sheka zone of southwest Ethiopia. Study Design: Sheka Southwest was the site of the cross-sectional investigation. Method: A total of 1779 observed samples were selected from the Sheka area in southwest Ethiopia using a simple random selection method. In the version of binary logistic regression, the impact of objects on maternal fitness care carrier utilization is estimated using a variant of logistic regression. Results: From a total of 1779 Women in Fertility age responses, 917 (51.5%) of women had at least four ANC visits, while 862 (48.5%) had fewer than four ANC visits during their final pregnancy, and 841 (47.3%) of women had delivered their baby at a health facility. 938 (52.7%) of women gave birth at home, and 803 (45.1%) of women had missed at least one postnatal care appointment in the previous six weeks. Despite the fact that 976 women (54.9%) had received within the first six weeks, you should seek postnatal care at the very least. ANC, institutional delivery, and PNC were all used 51.5, 52.7, and 54.9% of the time, respectively. The use of the ANC Service has become inextricably linked to women's education. When compared to women with no training, high school and above-knowledgeable women (AOR = 1.672, 95% CI = 1.179-2.373) are substantially more likely to apply for ANC Service. PNC Service has been inextricably linked to women's education. When compared to women with no training, elementary women (AOR = 1.587, 95% CI = 1.205-2.091) are substantially more likely to apply to PNC Service. Conclusion: Within the studied area, the use of maternal health care services is much below the national goal. The most important predictors of maternal fitness care carrier use are maternal training status, wealth status, work status, number of children, parity, fertility risk, and marital status. Providing information and instruction to women about the ideal family, maternal health care provider use, and the use of various fitness training strategies should be addressed.
Accountable Survival Contrast-learning for Optimal Dynamic Treatment Regime
Authors: Choi Taehwa , Lee Hyunjun , Choi Sangbum 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dynamic treatment regime (DTR) is an emerging paradigm in recent medical studies that establishes data-driven treatment rules for future patients, based on clinical histories of individuals. Because each patient may have different genetic and clinical characteristics, this approach is more attractive than the standard method of allocating the same treatment to patients without taking into account individual status. There have been many methodologies on this subject, but most focus on complete data without censoring. However, when censorship is present, as in many longitudinal studies, standard methods are not directly applicable with censored responses. In this paper, we propose accountable survival contrast-learning algorithms for optimal dynamic treatment regime. To reflect the censorship, we adopt the pseudo-value approach that replaces survival quantities with pseudo-observations for time-to-event outcomes. Our estimating procedure is originated from weighted classification scheme, which is double-robust to model misspecification by taking more flexible contrast weight function. We further use SCAD-penalization to find informative clinical information in a sparse model setting and present potential possibilities for multiple treatment allocation by searching upper and lower bounds of the objective function. We demonstrate the utility of our proposal via extensive simulations and an application to AIDS data.
Recruitment and Retention of the Rural Podiatry Workforce in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Qualitative Descriptive Study of Podiatrist Perceptions
Authors: Beeler Erin , Carroll Matthew , Brenton-Rule Angela 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Past research into the Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) podiatry workforce has indicated a shortage of podiatrists, particularly in rural NZ. However, there has been no research investigating the characteristics of the NZ rural podiatry workforce. This study aimed to explore the factors which contribute to recruitment and retention of primary care podiatrists in rural NZ. Methods A qualitative descriptive approach was implemented for data collection and analysis. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 podiatrists who currently, or previously, worked in a rural podiatry practice. Manifest content analysis was used to analyse participant’s responses. A deductive approach was used where data were identified and coded according to predetermined themes from the literature. Results Four themes that influenced recruitment and retention were derived from the interviews: (1) professional factors, (2) economic factors, (3) social factors, and (4) external factors. Interviews revealed that clinical inexperience, a sole practice environment, professional and social isolation, and workload pressures combined to affect recruitment and retention. Strong community bonds, family ties, and a rural background were crucial to thrive in the rural setting. Conclusion A sustainable rural podiatry workforce is required to reduce health disparities that exist in NZ rural communities. The study identified that most practitioners entered the rural workforce into self-employed positions, often shortly following graduation from university. They soon reported feelings of professional isolation due to limited support networks. Practitioners established in the rural workforce noted significant workload stresses. Stresses stemming from an inability to source locums, take time away from work, or recruit new staff to fill vacant positions. Research examining support mechanisms for inexperienced practitioners and targeted strategies to grow the rural workforce and reduce attrition is required.
Newly Identified Breast Luminal Progenitor and Gestational Stem Cell Populations Likely Give Rise to HER2-Overexpressing and Basal-Like Breast Cancers
Authors: McMullen James R. W. , Soto Ubaldo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Breast Cancer (BrC) is a common malignancy with genetically diverse subtypes. There is evidence that specific BrC subtypes originate from particular normal mammary cell populations. However, the cell populations that give rise to most BrC subtypes are unidentified. Several human breast scRNAseq datasets are available. In this research, we utilized a robust human scRNAseq dataset to identify population-specific marker genes and then identified the expression of these marker genes in specific BrC subtypes. In humans, several BrC subtypes, HER2-enriched, basal-like, and triple-negative (TN), are more common in women who have had children. This observation suggests that cell populations that originate during pregnancy give rise to these BrCs. The current human datasets have few normal parous samples, so we supplemented this research with mouse datasets, which contain mammary cells from various developmental stages. This research identified two novel normal breast cell populations that may be the origin of the basal-like and HER2-overexpressing subtypes, respectively. A stem cell-like population, SC, that expresses gestation-specific genes has similar gene expression patterns to basal-like BrCs. A novel luminal progenitor cell population and HER2-overexpressing BrCs are marked by S100A7, S100A8, and S100A9 expression. We bolstered our findings by examining SC gene expression in TN BrC scRNAseq datasets. We discovered that several potential cancer stem cell populations highly express most of the SC genes. In summary, normal SC and the novel luminal progenitor cell population likely give rise to basal-like and HER2-overexpressing BrCs, respectively. Characterizing these normal cell populations may facilitate a better understanding of specific BrCs subtypes.
A Call to Enhance Transparency Among Egyptian Medical Schools
Authors: Talaat Wagdy , Amin Mariam A. , Bassiouny Mohamed Reda , Hassan Nancy Husseiny , Hamed Omayma 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Transparency in providing information in higher education became a very important and basic matter especially after internationalization of medical education. The Egyptian Society for Medical Education (ESME) aspires that Egyptian medical schools would work more towards transparency and openness for greater effective feedback. Literature review revealed almost zero results related to the transparency situation in Egyptian medical schools. Methods: This study was carried out to estimate the transparency of medical schools’ websites information concerning their accreditation process through reviewing forty Egyptian medical schools’ official websites, as well as through the National Authority for Quality Assurance and Accreditation of Education (NAQAAE) website searching for two major transparency criteria. Each criterion was further subdivided into several information elements. Data were registered and analyzed using the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). Authors excluded, from data analysis, the newly established schools that are less than five years which were not obliged to apply for accreditation yet. Results: Research results showed that only thirteen colleges recorded being accredited on their websites; however very limited amount of data was available about the process, dates, and documents. The accreditation information of these thirteen schools was confirmed by information on NAQAAE website. Other information concerning other important elements such as accountability and future plans were almost completely missing. Conclusion: Authors concluded that due to lack of essential information on the Egyptian medical schools' websites about their institutional accreditation situation, serious steps should be taken from both the medical schools and the national accrediting body to encourage the openness and to ensure the transparency towards the accreditation process and results in Egypt.
Influence of Kuroshio Extension Variability on the North Pacific Atmosphere and Pacific Decadal Precession
Authors: Silva E. Nishchitha S , Anderson Bruce T 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent research has revealed links between a quasi decadal mode of climate variability over the North Pacific – the Pacific Decadal Precession (PDP) – and the North Pacific’s western boundary currents extension – the Kuroshio Extension (KE). It is suggested that on decadal time scales the PDP both responds to and influences the KE variability. A question yet to be answered is whether it is the large-scale or the mesoscale variations of the KE region that influence the overlying and downstream atmosphere and hence the PDP evolution. Using high-resolution sea surface temperature data (1981-2018) from the global ocean Operational Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea Ice Analysis, low resolution Extended Reconstructed SST (ERSST) version 3b data (1949-2018), geopotential height data from the European Centre for MediumRange Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction we find that it is the large-scale variations in the KE region that correlate best with the overlying and downstream atmosphere instead of the mesoscale variations. In particular, the second mode of the large-scale KE region, which is characterized by warming (cooling) of the ocean south (north) of the KE, sets up a PDP-like north-south atmospheric pressure dipole over the North Pacific Ocean by altering the large-scale baroclinicity of the atmosphere. In turn, this enhances the overlying storm track, resulting in a downstream response over the North American continent and the formation of a subsequent east-west pressure dipole. As a result, there is a strong correlation between large-scale variations in the KE region and the evolution of the PDP over the next three years.
Whole genome sequencing analysis to evaluate the influence of T2DM on polymorphisms associated with drug resistance in M. tuberculosis
Authors: Bermudez-Hernández Gustavo Adolfo , Pérez-Martínez Damián Eduardo , Madrazo-Moya Carlos Francisco , Cancino-Muñoz Irving , Comas Iñaki , Zenteno-Cuevas Roberto 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with treatment failure, and the development of drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB). Also, whole-genome sequencing has provided a better understanding and allowed the growth of knowledge about polymorphisms in genes associated with drug resistance. Considering the above, this study analyzes genome sequences to evaluate the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the development of mutations related to tuberculosis drug resistance. M. tuberculosis isolates from individuals with (n=74), and without (n=74) type 2 diabetes mellitus was recovered from online repositories, and further analyzed. ResultsThe results showed the presence of 591 SNPs with similar proportions between diabetics, and non-diabetics individuals (48.2% vs. 51.7%), but with no significant relationship. A greater number of mutations associated with rifampicin resistance was observed in the T2DM-TB individuals (19.3% vs. 12.5%), and the exclusive presence of rpoBQ432L, rpoBQ432P, rpoBS441L, and rpoBH445L variants. While these variants are not private to T2DM-TB cases they are globally rare highlighting a potential role of T2DM. The phylogenetic analysis showed 12 sublineages, being 4.1.1.3, and 4.1.2.1 the most prevalent in T2DM-TB individuals but not differing from those most prevalent in their geographic location. Four clonal complexes were found, however, no significant relationship with T2DM was observed. Samples size and potential sampling biases prevented us to look for significant associations. ConclusionsThe occurrence of globally rare rifampicin variants identified only in isolates from individuals with T2DM could be due to the hyperglycemic environment within the host. Therefore, further studies about the dynamics of SNPs’ generation associated with antibiotic resistance in patients with diabetes mellitus are necessary.
Characteristics and Risk Factors of Febrile after Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Lv ChengYu , Li MingYang , Liu Kun , Liu Ning , Fang Yuan , Shao ZhenShuai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Postoperative febrile (POF) is a common complication after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The goal of this research is to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of febrile following TJA.Methods: We retrospectively investigated 2482 patients who had first-time total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery at our institution between January 2020 and December 2020. Those patients were divided into TKA group and THA group. The patients' axillary temperatures were measured. POF was defined as a body temperature greater than 38°C. Then patients in the TKA and THA groups were respectively divided into non-febrile group and febrile group based on their body temperatures. Temperature changing characteristics of the patients in the febrile group were analyzed and recorded. A certain number of patients were chosen randomly from the non-febrile group. Gender, hypertension, diabetes, anesthesia, surgical time, and some laboratory data were analyzed between the febrile group and the non-febrile groupResults: Three percent of TKA patients (N=45) had febrile during hospitalization, and in the febrile group of TKA group, 38% (N=17) had febrile and maximum body temperature on postoperative day 2（POD2）. Six percent of THA patients (N=46) had febrile during hospitalization, and in the febrile group of THA group, 65% (N=30) of the patients had febrile and maximum body temperature on POD1. In TKA group, compared with non-febrile group, febrile group has higher C-reactive protein (mg/L) (CRP) after surgery. In THA group, compared with the non-febrile group, the patients in the febrile group had larger fall in hemoglobin (g/L), and higher C-reactive protein (mg/L) (CRP) after surgery, so there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The POF rate of TKA is 3%, and the first fever and maximum body temperature most commonly appear on the POD2. THA has a 6% POF rate, and the first fever and the maximum body temperature most commonly appear on the POD1. In both groups, high C-reactive protein is a risk factor for postoperative fever. In addition, the fall in hemoglobin is also related to postoperative fever in the THA group.
Influence of Extreme Flow Channeling on the Thermal Performance of Open-Loop Geothermal Systems at Commercial Scale
Authors: Fulton Patrick M. , Jurado Nicolas Rangel , Hawkins Adam J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Adequate stewardship of geothermal resources requires accurate forecasting of long-term thermal performance. In enhanced geothermal systems and other fracture-dominated reservoirs, predictive models commonly assume constant-aperture fractures, although spatial variations in aperture can greatly affect reservoir permeability, fluid flow distribution, and heat transport. Whereas previous authors have investigated the effects of theoretical random aperture distributions on thermal performance, here we further explore the influence of permeability heterogeneity considering field-constrained aperture distributions from a meso-scale field site in northern New York, USA. Using numerical models of coupled fluid flow and heat transport, we conduct thermal-hydraulic simulations for a hypothetical reservoir consisting of a relatively impervious porous matrix and a single, horizontal fracture. Our results indicate that in highly channelized fields, most well design configurations and operating conditions result in extreme rates of thermal drawdown (e.g., 50% drop in production well temperatures in under two years). However, some other scenarios that account for the risks of short-circuiting can potentially enhance heat extraction when mass flow rate is not excessively high, and the direction of geothermal extraction is not aligned with the most permeable features in the reservoir. Through a parametric approach, we illustrate that well separation distance and relative positioning play a major role in the long-term performance of highly channelized fields, and both can be used to help mitigate premature thermal breakthrough.
The role of executive functions, social cognition and intelligence in predicting social adaptation of vulnerable populations
Authors: Schulte Michael , Trujillo Natalia , Rodriguez-Villagra Odir Antonio , Salas Natalia , Ibañez Agustin , Huepe David 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study sought to evaluate the roles of and interactions between cognitive processes that have been shown to exhibit impact from socioeconomic status (SES) and living conditions in predicting social adaptation (SA) in a population of adults living in socially vulnerable conditions. Participants included 226 people between the ages of 18 and 60 who have been living in vulnerable contexts throughout life in Santiago, Chile. Data was collected through a battery of psychological assessments. A structural equation model (SEM) was implemented to examine the interrelationships among cognitive and social variables. Results indicate a significant relationship between executive function (EF) and SA through both social cognition (SC) and intelligence. Theory of Mind (ToM), a component of SC, was shown to exhibit a significant relationship with affective empathy; interestingly, this was negatively related to SA. Moreover, fluid intelligence (FI) was found to exhibit a positive, indirect relationship with SA through vocabulary. Evaluation of these results in the context of research on the impacts of SES and vulnerable living conditions on psychological function may allow for the development of more effective clinical, political, and social interventions to support psychosocial health among socially vulnerable populations.
Association mapping of major economic traits and exploration of elite alleles in Prunus sibirica
Authors: Wen Jiaxing , Chen Jianhau , Sun Yongqiang , Liu Quangang , Jin Ling , Dong Shengjun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Exploring elite alleles based on association analysis of economic traits will promote the breeding, development, and utilization of Prunus sibirica resources. This study used 113 P. sibirica clones with diverse provenances to perform association mapping of 20 economic traits based on 149 pairs of highly polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Population structure analysis split the clones into three subgroups. General linear model (GLM) and mixed linear model (MLM) identified 117 SSR loci associated with 20 P. sibirica economic traits, specifically fruit (62 loci), nuclear (69), and kernel (46) traits. Phenotypic variation in these three sets of traits ranged 8.93–82.12% (GLM) or 0.23–84.82% (MLM), 10.96–56.65% (GLM) or 0.17–52.54% (MLM), and 5.17–59.41% (GLM) or 4.86–59.89% (MLM), respectively. Of the 117 marker SSR loci, 35 were simultaneously associated with two or more economic traits. In addition, phenotypic effects analysis identified 1842 elite alleles and seven typical materials related to key economic traits. We then designed elite parental combinations through crossing the typical materials. In conclusion, our study detected alleles and plant materials that allowed the identification of clones expressing desired traits of interest. These findings can be used for improved, targeted breeding of P. sibirica through marker-assisted selection.