bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Franz Ehrle sj als Chefredakteur und Herausgeber der „Stimmen der Zeit“
Authors: Batlogg Andreas R. 
Published: June 2022

Der Beitrag beleuchtet vor allem das Wirken Franz Ehrles für die bedeutende jesuitische Kulturzeitschrift „Stimmen der Zeit“ (vormals „Stimmen aus Maria Laach“) nach seiner Zeit als Präfekt der Vatikanischen Bibliothek. Er gelangte über Feldkirch in Vorarlberg nach München, wo er von Ostern 1916 bis Herbst 1919 tätig war und Artikel verfaßte. Seine Zeit als Chefredakteur und Herausgeber war hingegen vergleichsweise kurz, von November 1916 bis September 1917 (für 11 Hefte), doch intensiv. Während dieser Jahre erwies er sich als umsichtig und zeigte sich insbesondere an aktuellen kirchenpolitischen Fragen stark interessiert. Beiträge zur sogenannten „römischen Frage“ und zu den Friedensaktivitäten Papst Benedikts XV. zeugen hiervon.
Franz Ehrle SJ was an internationally renowned scholar and expert in medieval theology. Employed by the Vatican Library in 1880, he was, from 1895 to 1914, its director and reorganiser. As a German he was obliged to leave both the Vatican and Italy in 1915 as a result of the War. After a period spent in Feldkirch (Vorarlberg/Austria) he was sent to Munich, where he joined the editorial board of the periodical“ Stimmen der Zeit” for several months as its provisional editor in chief. This cultural magazine founded in 1864/65 had, until October 1914, been known as“ Stimmen aus Maria Laach”. In autumn 1919, Ehrle returned to Rome and taught at the Pontifical Biblical Institute and at the Pontifical Gregorian University. On 11 December 1922, he was named Cardinal by Pope Pius XI who had succeeded him in 1914 as head of the Vatican Library. As Cardinal archivist and librarian, he applied himself once again to his scientific studies.
A global review of orange wheat blossom midge,Sitodiplosis mosellana(Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), and integrated pest management strategies for its management
Authors: Dufton S.V. , Olfert O.O. , Laird R.A. , Floate K.D. , Ge X. , Otani J.K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrange wheat blossom midge,Sitodiplosis mosellana(Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a major economic pest of wheat (Triticum aestivumLinnaeus). Here, we review its general biology, history of global spread, economic impact, and methods available to manage its populations. Outbreaks have been reported across the Northern Hemisphere, including in China, Japan, the European Union, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Canada. Predators and parasitoids can help attenuate these outbreaks, but control has relied mainly on use of foliar insecticides. Wheat cultivars with resistance to midge conferred by theSm1gene became commercially available in 2010 and increasingly are grown to manage midge populations. Forecasting models have been developed in different countries to predict wheat midge populations in an effort to mitigate the degree of economic damage by supporting wheat cultivar selection and to optimise the timing of insecticide applications in conventional wheat production systems. Conservation of natural enemies, insecticides, resistant cultivars, and models combine to form effective integrated pest management programmes for midge, illustrated for Canada with a decision-making flowchart. Future work is needed to address the likely development of midge biotypes with resistance to theSm1gene and insecticides currently in use.
Compare the Efficacy of Chlosite Gel as an Adjunctive Therapy after Scaling and Root Planing
Authors: Verma Neelu , Saimbi Charanjit Singh , Gupta Sanjay , Kumar Avadhesh , Tripathi Amitandra Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
The present study was carried out to evaluate the clinical efficacy of scaling and root planing (SRP) alone and commercially available chlosite gel adjunctive to SRP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 416 sites selected from 26 patients presenting with chronic periodontitis (age group ≥30 years) of both sexes, with pocket depth of ≥6 mm were recruited for the study. A split-mouth design was employed with one site receiving SRP alone (Group I) and the other receiving SRP followed by placement of commercially available chlosite gel (Group II) and all the clinical parameters-Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), Probing Pocket depth and Clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months.

Results:
Results demonstrated that significant reduction in PI and GI scores were observed in both groups till the end of the study period (6 months). Probing depth and CAL also showed significant improvement in both the groups. However, Group II (sites which received SRP + Chlosite gel) showed greater improvements in all of these parameters compared to Group I (sites which received SRP only).

Conclusion:
The findings of this study suggest that the locally delivered commercially available chlosite gel along with mechanical debridement, resulted in a clinically meaningful improvement in all the clinical parameters.
Aggregation of Human Platelets by Tannerella Forsythia
Authors: Whitaker Eugene J. , Darcey Caitlin D. , Somerset Susan M. 
Published: June 2022

Context:
Periodontitis is a persistent infection of the tissues surrounding the teeth characterized by inflamed microvasculature, and is associated with increased systemic platelet activation.

Aims:
The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro platelet aggregating potential of the red-complex bacterium Tannerella forsythia. A second-related objective was to ascertain the in vitro effect of dual platelet inhibitors on T. forsythia-platelet interaction.

Settings and Design:
These ex vivo experiments were done in a basic science laboratory combining isolated human platelets with isolated bacterial cells.

Methods:
Dilutions of cells were counted by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Aggregation was assayed in a platelet aggregometer after adding cells or sonic extracts to gel filtered platelets, some of which were preincubated with the dual platelet inhibitors aspirin plus clopidogrel.

Results:
Platelets aggregate in vitro when exposed to T. forsythia cells or sonic extracts and dilution results in increased lag times and decreased aggregation. Platelets preincubated with the combination of aspirin plus clopidogrel do not aggregate in response to T. forsythia.

Conclusions:
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, T. forsythia cells aggregate human platelets and the activity can be attenuated by diluting the cells and blocked by the combination of aspirin plus clopidogrel.
Comparison of thoracolumbar interfascial plane block with local anaesthetic infiltration in lumbar spine surgeries – A prospective double-blinded randomised controlled trial
Authors: Pavithran Priyanka , Sudhakaran Renuka , Sudarshan Pramod K. , Eliyas Salin , Sekhar Biju , Kaniachallil Kishore 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Posterior lumbar spine fusion surgeries are associated with severe postoperative pain necessitating a multimodal analgesic regime. Wound infiltration with local anaesthetic is an accepted modality for postoperative analgesia in spine surgeries. Thoracolumbar interfascial plane (TLIP) block is a novel technique being evaluated for providing analgesia in lumbar spine surgeries. This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of TLIP block compared to that of wound infiltration with local anaesthetic in terms of time to request the first dose of rescue analgesic.

Methods:
Seventy-one patients scheduled for posterior lumbar spine fusion under general anaesthesia were included in this double-blinded randomised controlled trial. Preoperatively, patients were randomly allocated to receive either a TLIP block (TLIP group) or wound infiltration (LI group). The primary endpoint was the time of the first request for rescue analgesia. Secondary endpoints were the total tramadol consumption and pain and comfort scores measured at various time points in the 48-h postoperative period. The trial was terminated after second interim analysis as the analgesic benefit of TLIP was evident both clinically and statistically.

Results:
The median (interquartile range) duration of the time of the first request for rescue analgesia was 1440 (1290, 2280) min in the TLIP group and 340 (180, 360) min in the infiltration group; P value <.001. The mean tramadol consumption was significantly higher in the infiltration group compared to the TLIP group, with a P value <.001.

Conclusion:
TLIP block provided better postoperative analgesia than that provided by wound infiltration with local anaesthetic.
Prevalence of co-morbidities and its association with mortality in Indian patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jindal Ritika , Gupta Mohit , Khan Fauzia R. , Chaudhry Gunjan 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) has spread to every corner of the world and has led to significant health consequences, especially in patients with co morbidities. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of co morbidities among COVID 19 patients in the Indian population and their association with mortality.

Methods:
PubMed, Google Scholar, and World Health Organization website were searched for Indian studies on COVID 19 published from February 2020 up to 20 May 2021. English language publications from India, studies reporting epidemiological characteristics, prevalence of co morbidities and in hospital mortality were included in the meta analysis.

Results:
34 studies were identified with a total of 23,034 patients. The pooled prevalence for co morbidities in COVID 19 patients was 18.1% [95% confidence interval (CI), 13.3 to 24.3%] for hypertension, 17.7% (95% CI, 12.2 to 25.1%) for diabetes, 7.9% (95% CI, 4.6 to 13.4%) for hypothyroidism and 7.7%(95% CI, 4.8 to 12. 1%) for cardiovascular diseases. For chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cerebrovascular diseases, asthma, chronic liver disease, tuberculosis and cancer, the pooled prevalence was less than 4%. Additionally, the mortality risk was increased significantly in patients with CKD [odds ratio (OR) = 4.1], COPD (OR = 3.9), diabetes (OR = 3.7), cardiovascular diseases (OR = 4.07), tuberculosis (OR = 6.11), chronic liver disease (OR = 8.5), malignancy (OR = 1.89) and hypertension (OR = 2.9). Cerebrovascular diseases, hypothyroidism and asthma were not associated with increased mortality.

Conclusion:
Co-morbidities are more prevalent in COVID 19 hospitalised patients and the presence of co morbidities is associated with increased risk of mortality in Indian COVID 19 patients.
Effects of regional anaesthesia on mortality in patients undergoing lower extremity amputation: A retrospective pooled analysis
Authors: Quak Su M. , Pillay Nanthini , Wong Suei N. , Karthekeyan Ranjith B. , Chan Diana X.H. , Liu Christopher W. Y. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Lower extremity amputation (LEA) is a commonly performed surgery and is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. This review compares the impact of anaesthetic technique on 30-day mortality and other perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing LEA.

Methods:
A systematic search of databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from January 2010 to March 2021, was performed. Studies were eligible if they compared 30-day mortality following either general anaesthesia (GA) or regional anaesthesia (RA), in adult patients undergoing LEA.

Results:
Ten retrospective observational studies were identified. Four of these studies utilised a propensity-score matching technique. Based on these four studies, RA when compared to GA, is not associated with a reduction in the 30-day mortality (Odds ratio 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65, 1.05, I2 20%, P = 0.12). Also there is a very low level of evidence that RA may result in a decrease in the hospital length-of-stay and intensive care unit admissions of patients undergoing LEA.

Conclusion:
RA does not decrease the 30-day postoperative mortality in patients undergoing LEA when compared to GA.
The role of lung ultrasound in procalcitonin-guided antibiotic discontinuation in ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Ammar Mona A. , Hilal Amr , Abdalla Waleed 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Starting antibiotic therapy at the proper time is the cornerstone of the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). However, using antibiotics for a long duration of therapy in intensive care leads to increased bacterial resistance, financial burden and adverse drug reactions. We hypothesised that lung ultrasound may have a role in guiding antibiotic discontinuation in patients with VAP that will help to reduce the antibiotic duration and decrease the resistance.

Methods:
This was a prospective blinded cohort study from October 2020 to September 2021 in which 62 VAP patients were recruited. Antibiotics were started, procalcitonin (PCT) level and clinical pulmonary infection score were estimated and lung ultrasound (US) was performed on day 1 and repeated on day 7. On day 7, discontinuation of antibiotics was recommended if the PCT level was <0.25 μg/L. A lung reaeration score was recorded.

Results:
Based on the PCT levels, antibiotics were discontinued in 40 patients. The computed tomography findings of VAP had improved in all. The ultrasound reaeration score showed a highly significant negative correlation with the PCT on day 7 (-0.718, P < 0.001). A cut-off of 5 for the US score showed a sensitivity of 92.5%, specificity of 95.5%, positive predictive value of 97.4% and negative predictive value of 87.5% in detecting a low PCT score on day 7.

Conclusion:
Lung US is a non-invasive and safe method that can be used to guide antibiotic therapy in VAP.
Guduchi (Tinospora Cordifolia [Wild.] Miers) and its Therapeutic External Applications
Authors: Joy Anu , Mansukhbhai Buha Mital , Sojeetra Niral Hansrajbhai , Acharya R N 
Published: June 2022

Background:

Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia [Wild.] Miers), family Menispermaceae, is widely distributed in India and is commonly known as Amrita. It is one of the most important medicinal plants used in Ayurveda. During COVID 19 pandemic situation, Guduchi gained a worldwide recognition for its therapeutic values in general and its immunomodulatory activities in particular through internal applications. Although highlighted for its external administration in various ayurvedic pharmacopoeias, information about its external applications is still lacking.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to prepare comprehensive data on external applications of Guduchi recorded in various ayurvedic texts.

Materials and Methods:
This review portrays external applications of Guduchi, from 25 classical texts of Ayurveda comprising 8 Samhitas (treatise), 11 Chikitsa Granthas (compendia of Ayurveda), and 6 Rasagranthas (compendia related to Rasashastra).

Results:
More than 141 formulations, having Guduchi as an ingredient, are used externally to combat almost 65 varied disease conditions. Among these diseased conditions, maximum are indicated for the management of Kushtha (integumentary diseases) followed by Sotha (edema), Netraroga (various eye diseases), Vrana (wound), Bhagandara (fistula-in ano), Jvara (fever), and Slipadha (filariasis), etc. The Guduchi external formulations are in 14 dosage forms.

Conclusion:
Present data may give insight to the researchers to probe into the external applications of the Guduchi which are not explored till date scientifically.
Perioperative hearing loss after nonotological surgeries – What is the role of anesthesia?
Authors: Sasidharan Shibu , Singh Vijay , Nasser Abdul , Dhillon Harpreet , Babitha M. 
Published: June 2022

Transient, low-frequency hearing loss after anesthesia, especially due to neuraxial block, usually goes unnoticed by patients, and thus they do not report to a physician. However, the chances of anesthesia-induced perioperative hearing loss (POHL) to occur are generally underestimated. The true incidence of POHL regardless of anesthetic technique is unknown due to lack of reporting and subclinical presentation, which often goes unnoticed unless pure-tone audiometry is performed. However, the anesthesiologist should be aware of hearing loss as a potential perioperative complication and should be discussed with the patients in the perioperative period and should preferably be included in the informed consent for medicolegal and ethical reasons. The cognizance of POHL should be disseminated to the treating team by educating anesthesiologists, surgeons, and healthcare personnel about its possible occurrence. A better understanding of the incidence, etiology, prognosis, and management for POHL is essential for the anesthesiologist to prevent or to minimize the risk of hearing loss. In this review article, we emphasize the abovementioned aspects.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:
Patient care and procedural skills, Medical knowledge.
Knowledge and attitude of antibiotic resistance in the time of COVID-19 among patients attending a dental hospital in Bhubaneswar city
Authors: Kumar Gunjan , Singh Dhirendra Kumar , Hazarika Suranjana Jonak , Barman Diplina , Dash Payal , Swain Prateeti 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
The present study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude among the patients attending a dental hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among the general population from July 2020 to September 2020. It included 205 patients attending the outpatient department of Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar. A self-structured 17 item questionnaire regarding antibiotic resistance was used to assess the knowledge and attitude of the patients. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.

Results:
The present study comprised 47.3% males and 52.7% females. Comparison of the knowledge and attitude domain scores was made across the educational levels of the participants and a significant difference was observed in the attitude domain scores.

Conclusion:
The present study stresses on the dire need for educating the general public about the rational use of antibiotics, thereby reducing further abuse leading to a global problem.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:
Medical knowledge, Systems-based practice, Practice-based learning and improvement.
Assessment of Oral Health and Treatment Needs in Population with Visual Impairment
Authors: Jawahar Abarna , Maragathavalli G. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Visually impaired individuals when compared to healthy have poor oral health status as they cannot visualize the plaque deposits on the tooth surface, leading to poor understanding of the importance of oral hygiene which results in development of dental caries as well as inflammatory disease of the periodontium and loss of tooth structure.

Aim:
The study aims to assess the oral health and treatment needs of patients with visual impairment using WHO Oral Health Assessment form for adults 2013.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 207 visually impaired patients who visited the special care dentistry department, a unit of Oral Medicine and Radiology in a private dental college & hospital and a private blind institute. WHO Oral Health Assessment form was filled after oral examination was done using Type III clinical examination.

Statistical Analysis:
Descriptive analysis was used to describe the frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was used to determine statistical significance.

Results and Conclusion:
Dental caries were present in 129 (62.3%) study participants. Oral mucosal lesion was prevalent in 14% of the study population. 146 (71%) participants required prompt dental treatment such as scaling, restorations, extractions, 58 (28%) participants required immediate dental treatment due to presence of pain or infection of dental origin such as advanced dental caries, periapical abscess and OPMD. Only 3 (1%) participants out of 207 did not require any dental treatment. The findings of the study suggest that the dental treatment needs are high and unmet in the visually impaired population.
Feasibility of THRIVE oxygenation and intra-operative lung-protective ventilation in morbidly obese patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures
Authors: Vaithialingam Balaji , Muthuchellappan Radhakrishnan 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The conduct of anesthesia in morbidly obese patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures can be challenging considering the multi-system organ involvement. Implementation of conventional lung-protective ventilation in morbidly obese patients can have a negative impact on the intra-cranial dynamics. We report a series of three patients with morbid obesity and a difficult airway for the neurosurgical procedure. The patients were oxygenated with high-flow oxygen devices to ensure an adequate oxygen reserve in the peri-operative period. A modified intra-operative lung-protective ventilation with normocarbia was implemented with no impact on the intra-cranial pressure in the prone position in two of the patients. Oxygenation with high-flow devices should be considered during the peri-operative period in morbidly obese patients to avert an adverse respiratory event, and a modified lung-protective ventilation technique is feasible with normal intra-cranial dynamics intra-operatively.
Investigation of the influential factors for hepatic osteodystrophy in chronic liver disease: A case–control survey among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital in a rural region of Northern India
Authors: Yadav Ekta , Kaur Rupan Deep , Sasan Aayushi , Garg Sunny 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives:
Hepatic osteodystrophy (HOD) is a well-recognized complication of chronic liver diseases (CLD), but the influential factors associated with this complication were studied scarcely in a rural Indian population. The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of HOD and variables that might influence it among cases diagnosed with CLD.

Materials and Methods:
It is a cross-sectional observational design survey that was performed in a hospital among the two-hundred cases and controls with a 1:1 ratio who were age (>18 years) and gender matched in a period between April and October 2021. They were subjected to etiological workup, hematological and biochemical investigations, and Vitamin D levels. Then, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the bone mineral densitometry (BMD) for whole-body, lumbar spine (LS), and hip. HOD was diagnosed according to the WHO criteria. Then, the Chi-square test and conditional logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the influential factors of HOD in CLD patients.

Results:
The whole-body, LS-spine, and hip BMDs in CLD cases were found to be significantly lower as compared to controls. When the participants among both groups were stratified by age and gender, a significant difference in LS-spine and hip BMD was observed in elderly patients (>60 years), and in both the male and female patients. HOD was found in 70% of CLD patients. After multivariate analysis in CLD patients, we identified that being a male patient (odds ratio [OR] = 3.03), older age (OR = 3.54), duration of illness for more than 5 years (OR = 3.89), decompensated liver dysfunction with Child–Turcotte–Pugh-B and C grading (OR = 8.28), and low level of Vitamin D (OR = 18.45) were the risk factors for HOD.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that severity of illness and lower level of Vitamin D were the main influential factors for HOD. Supplementation of Vitamin D and calcium in the patients can abate the risk of fractures in our rural communities.