bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic convergence of phase separation and mitotic function in the disordered protein BuGZ
Authors: Chin Alexander F. , Zheng Yixian , Hilser Vincent J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) effect biological function despite their sequence‐encoded lack of preference for stable three‐dimensional structure. Among their many functions, IDPs form membraneless cellular compartments through liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), also termed biomolecular condensation. The extent to which LLPS has been evolutionarily selected remains largely unknown, as the complexities of IDP evolution hamper progress. Unlike structured proteins, rapid sequence divergence typical of IDPs confounds inference of their biophysical or biological functions from comparative sequence analyses. Here, we leverage mitosis as a universal eukaryotic feature to interrogate condensate evolutionary history. We observe that evolution has conserved the ability for six homologs of the mitotic IDP BuGZ to undergo LLPS and to serve the same mitotic function, despite low sequence conservation. We also observe that cellular context may tune LLPS. The phylogenetic correlation of LLPS and mitotic function in one protein raises the possibility of an ancient evolutionary interplay between LLPS and biological function, dating back at least 1.6 billion years to the last common ancestor of plants and animals.
Single‐port versus multiport robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis on the da Vinci SP platform
Authors: Hinojosa‐Gonzalez David Eugenio , Roblesgil‐Medrano Andres , Torres‐Martinez Mauricio , Alanis‐Garza Cordelia , Estrada‐Mendizabal Ricardo J. , Gonzalez‐Bonilla Eduardo Alberto , Flores‐Villalba Eduardo , Olvera‐Posada Daniel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractContextProstate cancer is the most common cancer in men; robotic prostatectomy has cemented itself as part of the standard of care. Since its approval by the Food and Drug Administration in 2018, the SP console's application has been increasingly studied and compared with the multiport (MP) robotic approach.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines and PROSPERO registration CRD42021228744, a systematic review was performed in April 2021 on single‐port robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomies (SP‐RARPs) compared to MP. Outcomes of interest were operative time, bleeding, complications, analgesic use, and postoperative continence, and erectile function. Data were analyzed with Review Manager 5.3.ResultsSeven studies were included, of which six studies met the inclusion criteria for quantitative synthesis, totalling 1068 patients, out of which 324 underwent SP‐RARP and 744 underwent MP‐RARP. No differences were found in baseline characteristics such as age, body mass index, prostatic‐specific antigen, or stage. No differences in blood loss—15.77 mL [−42.44, 10.89], p = 0.25, operative time 3.93 min [−4.12, 11.98], p = 0.34, or positive surgical margins, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.78 [0.55, 1.10], p = 0.15—were found. Length of stay was significantly shorter in SP −0.94 days [−1.56, −0.33], p = 0.003, with no differences in complication rates, with an OR of 1.29 [0.78, 2.14], p = 0.32, continence rates, with an OR of 1.29 [0.90, 1.83], p = 0.16, erectile function, with an OR of 0.86 [0.52, 1.40], p = 0.54, or biochemical recurrence. Qualitative evidence suggests decreased opioid consumption.ConclusionSP‐RARPs are feasible alternatives to the traditional MP with possible benefits in pain management and length of stay. Future high‐quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
NDRG1 is expressed in human granulosa cells: An implicative role of NDRG1 in the ovary
Authors: Nishigaki Akemi , Tsubokura Hiroaki , Ishida Mitsuaki , Hashimoto Yoshiko , Yoshida Aya , Hisamatsu Yoji , Tsuzuki‐Nakao Tomoko , Murata Hiromi , Okada Hidetaka 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeN‐myc downstream‐regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is expressed in various human tissues and plays a role in regulating cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and hypoxia sensing. However, the role of NDRG1 in the ovary remains poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated NDRG1 expression and the role of NDRG1 in the human ovary.MethodsFollicular fluid (FF) and luteinized granulosa cells were collected from follicles during oocyte retrieval. KGN cells were cultured with cobalt chloride (CoCl2, a hypoxia‐mimicking agent) and/or echinomycin. mRNA, protein levels and secretion, and localization were assessed by real‐time PCR, Western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemical analysis, respectively. KGN cells were also transfected with NDRG1 siRNA for 72 h.ResultsNDRG1 protein was expressed in luteinized granulosa cells. NDRG1 concentration was positively correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and progesterone concentrations in FF. CoCl2‐induced hypoxic stress significantly increased NDRG1 and VEGF mRNA and protein and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α expression compared with those in the controls. The CoCl2‐induced overexpression of NDRG1 and VEGF was suppressed by echinomycin. Transfection with NDRG1 siRNA significantly suppressed the release of progesterone in the culture medium.ConclusionsThese results indicate that ovarian NDRG1 may play important roles in follicular development, especially in the early luteinization of pre‐ovulatory follicles.
Push‐Pull Effect at Formation of Sitting‐Atop Metal‐Porphyrin Complex in Solvating Media: H‐Bonding and Electrostatic Repulsion
Authors: Burmistrov Vladimir A. , Trifonova Irina P. , Islyaikin Mikhail K. , Semeikin Aleksander S. , Koifman Oskar I. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis work presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies of the solvation effects on the kinetics of the porphyrins reaction with zinc and cadmium acetate, the structure and characteristics of the intermediate ‐ sitting‐atop (SAT) complex. Kinetic rate constants of metal complexes of tetra‐p‐substituted tetraphenylporphins formation in binary solutions with a regulated solvating ability were obtained. Extreme dependences of the rate constants on the solvent composition were found. The acceleration of the reaction was shown to be observed with an enhancement of the electron‐donating properties of the substituent. These data indicate the formation of the SAT complex as limiting stage. The structure and energy parameters of porphin‐zinc SAT complexes and its solvates were studied by DFT method using B3LYP and long range corrected CAM‐B3LYP hybrid functionals. A significant distortion of the porphin structure during the formation of an intermediate and its solvation was ascertained. The influence of these processes on structural and energy changes was founded to be the consequence of push‐pull effect due to the repulsion of NH hydrogen atoms by a metal ion (push) and stretching of these bonds (pull) during the formation of H‐bonds.
Synthesis of Novel Pyrimidinylselenium Compounds as Acetolactate Synthase‐Inhibiting Herbicides
Authors: Chen Jinglei , Hu Hang , Ye Kai , Wang Wei , Xu Defeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA series of pyrimidinylselenosalicylic acid derivatives (5 a–5 l) and 4‐selenopyrimidine derivatives (6 a–6 f) were synthesized and evaluated as potential acetylactate synthase (ALS)‐inhibiting herbicides. All synthesized new compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The compounds were subjected to herbicidal activity, in vitro ALS enzyme inhibitory activity, and crop safety studies. The herbicidal activity study shows that 4‐chloro (5 b), 5‐chloro (5 c), 5‐methoxy (5 e), 4,5‐dimethoxy (5 f), 5‐fluoro (5 h), and 4,5‐difluoro (5 i) substituted 2‐[(4,6‐dimethoxy‐2‐pyrimidinyl)selanyl]benzoic acid exhibit significantly enhanced weed control effect than other new compounds and Pyrithiobac. Most of compounds exhibit enhanced inhibition effect on Cyperus difformis Linn than those on barnyard grass, Portulaca oleracea, Eleusine indica, and Amaranthus retroflexus. Importantly, 5 c, 5 f, and 5 i also exhibit more potent inhibition effect on Escherichia coli ALS enzyme than other new compounds and Pyrithiobac in in vitro ALS enzyme inhibitory activity study. The possible binding modes of 5 c, 5 f, and 5 i with ALS enzyme were studied on Discovery Studio. To test the possibility of 5 c, 5 f, and 5 i as potential herbicides in paddy fields, we performed the crop safety study. The results show that 5 f and 5 i are safer to rice than 5 c. The present work indicates that 5 f and 5 i may serve as new herbicide candidates for weed control in paddy fields.
Synergistic Regulation Effect of Nitrate and Calcium Ions for Highly Luminescent and Robust α‐CsPbI3 Perovskite
Authors: Wu Xiufeng , Shao He , Zhong Yuan , Li Lifang , Chen Wenda , Dong Biao , Xu Lin , Xu Wen , Zhou Donglei , Wu Zhennan , Song Hongwei , Bai Xue 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe α‐CsPbI3 nanocrystals (NCs) easily transform into yellow non‐perovskite, accompanying with declining photoelectric properties that restricting their practical applications in diverse fields. Herein, the highly luminescent and robust α‐CsPbI3 NCs is achieved through engineering the lattice symmetry of perovskite, enabled by the synergistic effect of NO3− ion passivation and Ca2+ ion doping. The introduced NO3− ions enhance the phase‐change energy barrier and the surface steric hindrance, thus promoting the formation of α‐CsPbI3 NCs with hyper‐symmetric crystal structure, while the Ca2+ ion doping contributes to improving their lattice symmetry by significant regulation of the tolerance factor. As a result, the obtained α‐CsPbI3 NCs display an outstanding photoluminescence quantum yield of 96.6%, together with the reduced defect state density and eminent conductivity. Most importantly, the as‐engineered α‐CsPbI3 NCs exhibit excellent stability under ambient conditions for 9 months and UV illumination for 32 h. It displays brilliant thermal stability, maintaining luminous intensity for 15 min under 140 °C, and performing desired durability and reversibility, evidenced by 160 °C cyclic test and 120 °C reversibility test. Given enhanced robustness, the as‐engineered α‐CsPbI3 NCs based light‐emitting‐diode devices are constructed, exhibiting a power efficiency of 105.3 lm W−1 and the excellent working stability for 18 h.
Lithium intoxication induced pyroptosis viaROS/NF‐κB/NLRP3inflammasome regulatory networks in kidney of mice
Authors: Jing Hongyuan , Wang Fuhan , Gao Xue‐jiao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHumans and animals may be exposed to increasing contaminant lithium (Li) concentrations in the environment with the use and disposal of Li‐containing products. Meanwhile, Li plays a key role in the treatment of human mental disorders, while the excessive accumulation of Li salts in the body can cause renal damage and nephrotic syndrome. In this study, the mechanism of renal inflammatory reaction induced by Li excessive intake was studied by establishing mice models in vitro and in vivo. The results of histopathology staining and TdT‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling assay showed that high Li condition (Lithium carbonate, 20 mg/kg/twice a day, i.e., for 30 consecutive days) caused inflammatory damage and apoptosis in kidney tissue cells. Western blot, qPCR, and immunohistochemical analysis were used to further study. In the vivo experiments, we found that Li reduced antioxidant enzyme capacity (glutathione peroxidase, total superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase) and induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, excessive Li activated nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway and nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptors domains–containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, resulting in activation of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor‐α and IL‐1β in the kidney of mice. In the vitro study, ROS as an upstream signal phosphorylated IκBα and NF‐κB, up‐regulated the NLRP3 inflammasome, increased caspase3, 6, 7, and 9 to exaggerate inflammation response, finally inducing pyroptosis in renal cells.
Effects of mobile phone electromagnetic radiation on rat hippocampus proteome
Authors: Singh Kumari Vandana , Arya Rakesh , Nirala Jay Prakash , Sahu Debasis , Nanda Ranjan Kumar , Rajamani Paulraj 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWorldwide, the number of mobile phone users has increased from 5.57 billion in 2011 to 6.8 billion in 2019. However, short‐ and long‐term impact of the electromagnetic radiation emitting from mobile phones on tissue homeostasis with particular to brain proteome composition needs further investigation. In this study, we attempted a global proteome profiling study of rat hippocampus exposed to mobile phone radiation for 20 weeks (for 3 h/day for 5 days/week) to identify deregulated proteins and western blot analysis for validation. As a result, we identified 358 hippocampus proteins, of which 16 showed deregulation (log2 (exposed/sham) ≥ ±1.0, p‐value <.05). Majority of these deregulated proteins grouped into three clusters sharing similar molecular pathways. A set of four proteins (Succinate‐semialdehyde dehydrogenase: Aldh5a1, Na+ K+ transporting ATPase: Atp1b2, plasma membrane calcium transporting ATPase: PMCA and protein S100B) presenting each functional pathway were selected for validation. Western blot analysis of these proteins, in an independent sample set, corroborated the mass spectrometry findings. Aldh5a1 involve in cellular energy metabolism, both Atp1b2 and PMCA responsible for membrane transport and protein S100B have a neuroprotective role. In conclusion, we present a deregulated hippocampus proteome upon mobile phone radiation exposure, which might influence the healthy functioning of the brain.
Development of digital elevation model for assessment of flood vulnerable areas using Cartosat‐1 and GIS at Thamirabarani river, Tamilnadu, India
Authors: Sudalaimuthu Karuppasamy , Jesudhas Colins Johnny , Ramachandran UmaRani , Somanathan Adish Kumar , Ganapathy Sakthinathan , Jeyakumar Rajesh Banu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent years, a considerable occurrence of floods at global level impacts the occupation and various segments of the economy. Flood vulnerability is the key paradigm in flood menace management. Assessment of flood vulnerability is essential to investigate the hypothetical onsets of vulnerability. Recent flood inundation in Thamirabarani river basin in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu has caused devastating impacts to the lives around the river basin area. The proposed study integrated remote sensing and GIS techniques to produce flood map of flood inundation area in the nearby Thamirabarani river basin using Cartosat‐1 Satellite based Digital Elevation Model (DEM) derived by means of Leica Photogrammetry Suite to identify flood prone areas. A flow model was designed with the aid of DEM. The DEM classified the flood prone zones into high risk, medium risk and low risk zones using equal interval of classification based on elevation (buffer distance) from the river basin. Based on the nature and extent of flood, the remedial measures were classified as short‐ term, medium‐term and long‐ term measures. The proposed study has recommended some flood mitigation remedial measures to the district administration of Tirunelveli for managing the flood disaster caused during the monsoon rainfall.
Impact of heavy metal cations on deposition and release of clay colloids in saturated porous media
Authors: Shi Kaiyu , Wang Xingrun , Chu Xianxian , Li Tiantian , Yin Yaru , Shen Chongyang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhile the facilitated transport of heavy metals by colloids such as clay particles has been widely recognized, the influence of heavy metals on transport of the colloids has received much less attention. This study conducted saturated column experiments to systematically examine influence of multivalent heavy metal cations on transport of natural clay colloids and fullerene nC60 nanoparticles in glass bead porous media. Results showed that the presence of Cd2+ in the solution can cause more deposition of clay colloids in glass beads compared to Ca2+ at a given ionic strength (IS), and the subsequent release by IS reduction was less, demonstrating that the presence of Cd2+ increased the irreversibility of attachment. When the glass beads were initially adsorbed with Ca2+ and Cd2+, the release of clay colloids was significantly reduced due to strong cation bridge between the clay colloids and collector surfaces via the heavy metal cations. The release of clay colloids was significantly increased upon reduction of solution IS if the Na+ was used to exchange for the Ca2+ or Cd2+ before the IS reduction. Additional experiments showed that the nC60 nanoparticles that were deposited in the presence of Fe3+ and Cu2+ cannot be released by reduction of solution IS. However, the nanoparticle release occurred when the Ca2+ was used to exchange for the Fe3+ and Cu2+. Our work was the first to reveal the influence of heavy metal cations on the irreversibility of colloid attachment, and the findings have important implication to fabrication of functional nanomaterials for stabilization of heavy metals in soil and development of mathematic models for accurate prediction of cotransport of heavy metals and colloids in subsurface environments.
Branched, dendritic, and hyperbranched polymers in liquid biopsy device design
Authors: Poellmann Michael J. , Rawding Piper , Kim DaWon , Bu Jiyoon , Kim YoungSoo , Hong Seungpyo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe development of minimally invasive tests for cancer diagnosis and prognosis will aid in the research of new treatments and improve survival rates. Liquid biopsies seek to derive actionable information from tumor material found in routine blood samples. The relative scarcity of tumor material in this complex mixture makes isolating and detecting cancerous material such as proteins, circulating tumor DNA, exosomes, and whole circulating tumor cells a challenge for device engineers. This review describes the chemistry and applications of branched and hyperbranched to improve the performance of liquid biopsy devices. These polymers can improve the performance of a liquid biopsy through several mechanisms. For example, polymers designed to increase the affinity of capture enhance device sensitivity. On the other hand, polymers designed to increase binding avidity or repel nonspecific adsorption enhance device specificity. Branched and hyperbranched polymers can also be used to amplify the signal from small amounts of detected material. The further development of hyperbranched polymers in liquid biopsy applications will enhance device capabilities and help these critical technologies reach the oncology clinic where they are sorely needed.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Automating Labour and the Spatial Politics of Data Centre Technologies
Authors: Neilson Brett , Rossiter Ned 
Published: January 2022

AbstractData politics traffics through data centres. A primary function of data centres over the next decades will consist of supporting the transition to automated economies with the integration of artificial intelligence,machine learningand robotics into processes of capital valorisation and accumulation. Stemming from a project that investigates data centres in Asia, this contribution positions the age of automation in terms of the spatial politics of data infrastructures. Singapore is renowned as a growth centre for data storage facilities in Asia. Yet the policy literature on smart nations lacks narratives that address the political and social problem of job loss precipitated by automated futures. Because data centres are themselves automated environments and provide infrastructure that enables automation in workplaces spread across geographical scales, they offer a strategic object for research on the varied implications of automation for labour. The extent to which data centres make worlds and reconfigure regions bears upon conceptualisations of sovereign power harnessed to the state. This contribution maintains that an emergent sovereign form registers in the operational logic of computational machines special to data centres.
Asymptotically free AdS3/CFT2
Authors: Balthazar Bruno , Giveon Amit , Kutasov David , Martinec Emil J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We propose a new AdS3/CFT2 duality, in which the bulk string theory has a target spacetime AdS3 times a squashed three-sphere $$ {\mathbbm{S}}_{\flat}^3 $$

S
♭
3

, and the dual CFT2 is a symmetric product of sigma models on ℝϕ×$$ {\mathbbm{S}}_{\flat}^3 $$

S
♭
3

, deformed by a ϕ-dependent ℤ2 twist operator. The duality maps the asymptotic region of AdS3 to the region ϕ → ∞, where the twist interaction in the CFT2 turns off. The AdS3 backgrounds in question have RAdS< ℓs, and so lie on the string side of the string/black hole correspondence transition. As a consequence, the high energy density of states consists of a string gas in AdS3 rather than an ensemble of BTZ black holes. This property allows us to derive the dual CFT2 by a systematic analysis of the worldsheet string theory on AdS3.
On arithmetic sums of Ahlfors-regular sets
Authors: Orponen Tuomas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLet $$A,B \subset \mathbb {R}$$

A
,
B
⊂
R

be closed Ahlfors-regular sets with dimensions $$\dim _{\mathrm {H}}A =: \alpha $$

dim
H

A
=
:
α

and $$\dim _{\mathrm {H}}B =: \beta $$

dim
H

B
=
:
β

. I prove that $$\begin{aligned} \dim _{\mathrm {H}}[A + \theta B] \ge \alpha + \beta \cdot \tfrac{1 - \alpha }{2 - \alpha } \end{aligned}$$

dim
H

[
A
+
θ
B
]

≥
α
+
β
·

1
-
α

2
-
α

for all $$\theta \in \mathbb {R}{\setminus } E$$

θ
∈
R
\
E

, where $$\dim _{\mathrm {H}}E = 0$$

dim
H

E
=
0

.
Genome-wide association study reveals white lupin candidate gene involved in anthracnose resistance
Authors: Alkemade Joris A. , Nazzicari Nelson , Messmer Monika M. , Annicchiarico Paolo , Ferrari Barbara , Voegele Ralf T. , Finckh Maria R. , Arncken Christine , Hohmann Pierre 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Key message
GWAS identifies candidate gene controlling resistance to anthracnose disease in white lupin.

Abstract
White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is a promising grain legume to meet the growing demand for plant-based protein. Its cultivation, however, is severely threatened by anthracnose disease caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum lupini. To dissect the genetic architecture for anthracnose resistance, genotyping by sequencing was performed on white lupin accessions collected from the center of domestication and traditional cultivation regions. GBS resulted in 4611 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 181 accessions, which were combined with resistance data observed under controlled conditions to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Obtained disease phenotypes were shown to highly correlate with overall three-year disease assessments under Swiss field conditions (r > 0.8). GWAS results identified two significant SNPs associated with anthracnose resistance on gene Lalb_Chr05_g0216161 encoding a RING zinc-finger E3 ubiquitin ligase which is potentially involved in plant immunity. Population analysis showed a remarkably fast linkage disequilibrium decay, weak population structure and grouping of commercial varieties with landraces, corresponding to the slow domestication history and scarcity of modern breeding efforts in white lupin. Together with 15 highly resistant accessions identified in the resistance assay, our findings show promise for further crop improvement. This study provides the basis for marker-assisted selection, genomic prediction and studies aimed at understanding anthracnose resistance mechanisms in white lupin and contributes to improving breeding programs worldwide.