bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer Modeling of Carotid Endarterectomy With the Different Shape Patches and Prediction of the Atherosclerotic
Authors: Borisov Vladimir Geraldovich , Zakharov Yuri Nikolaevich , Kazantsev Anton Nilolaevich , Korotkikh Alexander Vladimirovich , Shokin Yuri Ivanovich , Evtushenko Alexei Valer’evich , Barbarash Leonid Semenovich , Onishchenko Pavel Sergeevich , Klyshnikov Kirill Yur’evich , Ovcharenko Evgeniy A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: The article describes a method for constructing geometric models of the carotid bifurcation and computer simulation of endarterectomy surgery with the patches of various configurations. The purpose of this work is to identify the areas of the greatest risk of restenosis in the constructed models and to conduct a comparative analysis of risk factors when using the patches of different widths and shapes. Methods: The method is demonstrated on a reconstructed model of a healthy vessel. Its building is based on a preoperative computed tomography study of a particular patient's affected vessel. The flow in the vessel is simulated by computational fluid dynamics using data from the patient's ultrasound Doppler velocimetry. Risk factors are assessed through the hemodynamic indices on the vessel wall associated with Wall Shear Stress. Results: The distribution of risk zones in the healthy vessel, presumably leading to its observed lesion (plaque), is analyzed. Comparative evaluation of 10 various patches implantation results is carried out and the optimal variant is determined. The proposed method can be used to predict the hemodynamic results of surgery using patches of various sizes and shapes.
Elucidating Macular Structure-Function Correlations in Glaucoma
Authors: Giammaria Sara , Sharpe Glen , Oksana Dyachojk , Rafuse Paul , Lesya Shuba , Nicolela Marcelo , Vianna Jayme , Chauhan Balwantray 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Correlation between structural data from optical coherence tomography (OCT) and functional data from the visual field (VF) may be suboptimal because of poor mapping of OCT measurement locations to VF test stimuli. We tested the hypothesis that stronger structure-function correlations in the macula can be achieved with fundus-tracking perimetery, by precisely mapping OCT measurements to VF sensitivity at the same location. The conventional 64 superpixel (3°x3°) OCT grid was mapped to VF sensitivities averaged in 40 corresponding VF units with standard automated perimetry (conventional mapped approach, CMA) in 38 glaucoma patients and 10 healthy subjects. Similarly, a 144 superpixel (2°x2°) OCT grid was mapped to each of the 68 VF locations with fundus-tracking perimetry (localized mapped approach, LMA). For each approach, the correlation between sensitivity at each VF unit and OCT superpixel was computed and the maximum value used to generate vector maps. CMA yielded significantly higher structure-function correlations compared to LMA. Only 20% of the vectors with CMA and <5% with LMA were within corresponding mapped OCT superpixels, while most were directed towards loci with structural damage. Measurement variability and patterns of glaucomatous damage are more likely to affect the correlations rather than precise mapping of VF stimuli.
Superior immunity that allows neutralization of all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern develops in COVID-19 convalescents and naïve individuals after three vaccinations
Authors: Protzer Ulrike , Wratil Paul , Stern Marcel , Priller Alina , Willmann Annika , Almanzar Giovanni , Vogel Emanuel , Feuerherd Martin , Cheng Cho-Chin , Yazici Sarah , Christa Catharina , Jeske Samuel , Lupoli Gaia , Albanese Manuel , Mejías-Pérez Ernesto , Bauernfeind Stefan , Graf Natalia , Mijocevic Hrvoje , Vu Martin , Tinnefeld Kathrin , Wettengel Jochen , Hoffmann Dieter , Muenchhoff Maximilian , Dächert Christopher , Mairhofer Helga , Krebs Stefan , Steininger Philipp , Blum Helmut , Hornung Veit , Liebl Bernhard , Überla Klaus , Prelog Martina , Knolle Percy , Keppler Oliver , Fingerle Volker , Graf Alexander 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Infection-neutralizing antibody responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination are an essential part of antiviral immunity. This immune protection is challenged by the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) with immune escape properties, such as omicron (B.1.1.529) that is rapidly spreading worldwide. Here, we report neutralizing antibody dynamics in a longitudinal cohort of COVID-19 convalescent and naïve individuals vaccinated with mRNA BNT162b2 by quantifying anti-SARS-CoV-2-spike antibodies and determining their avidity and neutralization capacity. A superior infection-neutralizing capacity against all VoCs, including omicron, developed by either two vaccinations of convalescents, or a third vaccination or breakthrough infection of twice-vaccinated naïve individuals. These three consecutive spike antigen exposures resulted in an increasing neutralization capacity per anti-spike antibody unit and were paralleled by stepwise increases in antibody avidity. In conclusion, an infection/vaccination-induced hybrid immunity or a triple immunization induces high-quality antibodies resulting in superior neutralization capacity against VoCs, including omicron.
Policy Insight from Renewable Energy, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Urbanization towards Climate Goal: Insight from Indonesia
Authors: Udemba Edmund Ntom , Philip Lucy Davou 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This is an expository study towards ascertaining the ability of Indonesia in mitigating carbon emission. Indonesia is positioned as among the best performing economies in Southeast Asia because of its vigorous fiscal management and sustained economic growth over the years. The country’s foreign investment inflow increased to 14% in 2019, largely in gas, electricity, water, and transportation because of the viability of its macroeconomic reforms. To test the environmental implication of this macroeconomic performance of Indonesia and to see its ability to achieve carbon neutrality, we adopt Indonesian quarterly data of 1990Q1- 2018Q4 for empirical analysis. Relevance Instruments in the economic performance of Indonesia such as urbanization, foreign direct investment (FDI) and renewable energy source are all adopted for accurate estimations and analysis of this topic. Different approaches such as structural break test, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)-bounds testing and granger causality are all adopted in this study. Our analysis and policy recommendations are based on short run and long run ARDL dynamics and granger causality. Findings from ARDL confirmed, negative relationship between carbon emission and renewable energy source, FDI and urbanization. Also, a U-shape instead of inverted U-shape EKC is found confirming the impeding implication of Indonesian economic growth to its environmental performance if not checkmate. From granger causality analysis, all the variables are seen transmitting to urbanization in a one-way causal relationship. Also, FDI and renewable energy prove to be essential determinants of the country’s environment development, hence, FDI is seen transmitting to both energy source (fossil fuels and renewables) in a one- way causal relationship. Renewable energy is as well seen having two ways causal relationship with both carbon emission and fossil fuels. This result has equally exposed the significant position of the three instruments (urbanization, FDI and renewable energy source) in Indonesia environment development.
Novel AI to avert the mental health crisis in COVID-19:&nbsp;Novel application of GPT2 in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
Authors: A Rajagopal 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health is substantial. The World Health Organization has called for action to avert an impending mental health crisis. To respond to this call, this paper contributes a novel application of Deep Learning in Natural Language Generation (NLG) to seed healthy thoughts for mental health therapy. For the 1st time in literature, a transfer learning capable large neural network with more than 100 million parameters for a NLG based mental health therapy application is proposed & demonstrated. This AI is designed to address scalable impact for millions of families with a timely health intervention in a privacy-safe approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research paper to apply GPT2 (Generative Pretrained Transformer) for Cognitive Behavior therapy (CBT). Further, the paper demonstrates the proposed neural network architecture with a lab prototype implementation with reproducible results. This paper demonstrates this AI’s ability to generate conditional synthetic human-like text intended to seed a healthy mental outlook. This is accomplished by fine tuning a pre-trained GPT2 language model. The source code and video demonstration is contributed at https://sites.google.com/view/ai-in-mental-health.Also, for the 1st time in literature, a novel idea of NLU (Natural Language Understanding) activated NLG therapy is demonstrated with reproducible results using a BERT based classifier to activate the GPT2 based therapy. Performance of GPT2 models of three different sizes (124, 355, 774 million parameters) was the same for a very small dataset, thus a small GPT2 model is suggested for on-device AI inference. This AI is a step forward in responding to WHO’s call for action to avert the crisis. Towards addressing all the three dimensions of the monumental challenge, the paper designed a novel AI architecture by taking advantage of both BERT & GPT2. It also demonstrated the feasibility of Transformers-based AI for developing a mental health therapy solution. Further, this paper contributed an open-source AI prototype to support research communities to transform global mental wellness.
Identification of Multi-omics Biomarkers and Construction of the Novel Prognostic Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yan Xiaokai , Xiao Chiying , Yue Kunyan , Chen Min , Zhou Hang , Liu Xiao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Genome changes play a crucial role in carcinogenesis, and many biomarkers can be used as effective prognostic indicators in various tumours. Although previous studies have constructed many predictive models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on molecular signatures, the performance is unsatisfactory. To fill this shortcoming, we hope to build a more accurate predictive model to guide prognostic assessments of HCC. We use the TCGA to identify crucial biomarkers and construct single-omic prognostic models through difference analysis, univariate Cox, and LASSO/stepwise Cox analysis. The performances of single-omic models were evaluated and validated through survival analysis, Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A multi-omics model was built and evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA), C-index, and ROC analysis. Multiple mRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs, CNV genes, and SNPs were significantly associated with the prognosis of HCC. Five single-omic models were constructed, and the mRNA and lncRNA models showed good performance with c-indexes over 0.70. The multi-omics model presented a quite predictive solid ability with a c-index over 0.80. In this study, we identified many biomarkers that may help study underlying carcinogenesis mechanisms in HCC. In addition, we constructed multiple single-omic models and an integrated multi-omics model that may provide practical and reliable guides for prognosis assessment and treatment decision-making.
RESEARCH PROTOCOL: Cervical Arthroplasty Cost Effectiveness Study (CACES) Economic Evaluation of Anterior Cervical Discectomy With Arthroplasty Versus Anterior Cervical Discectomy With Fusion in the Surgical Treatment of Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease, a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Schuermans Valérie N.E. , Smeets Anouk Y.J.M. , Boselie Toon F.M. , Candel Math M.J.J. , Curfs Inez , Evers Silvia M.A.A. , Santbrink Henk Van 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
IntroductionTo date, there is no consensus on which anterior surgical technique is more cost-effective in treating cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD). The most commonly used surgical treatment for patients with single- or multi-level symptomatic CDDD is anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF). However, new complaints of radiculopathy and/or myelopathy commonly develop at adjacent levels, also known as clinical adjacent segment pathology (CASP). The extent to which kinematics, surgery-induced fusion, natural history and progression of disease play a role in the development of CASP remain unclear. Anterior cervical discectomy with arthroplasty (ACDA) is another treatment option that is thought to reduce the incidence of CASP by preserving motion in the operated segment. While ACDA is often discouraged, as the implant costs are higher while the clinical outcomes are similar to ACDF, preventing CASP might be a reason for ACDA to be a more cost-effective technique in the long-term.Methods and analysisIn this randomized controlled trial, patients will be randomized to receive ACDF or ACDA in a 1:1 ratio. Adult patients with single- or multi-level CDDD and symptoms of radiculopathy and/or myelopathy will be included. The primary outcome is cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of both techniques from a healthcare and societal perspective. Secondary objectives are the differences in clinical and radiological outcomes between the two techniques, as well as the qualitative process surrounding anterior decompression surgery. All outcomes will be measured at baseline, and every six months until four years post-surgery.DiscussionHigh-quality evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of both ACDA and ACDF is lacking; to date, there are no prospective trials from a societal perspective. Considering the ageing of the population and the rising healthcare costs, there is an urgent need for a solid clinical cost-effectiveness trial addressing this question.
Pria sebagai Privileged Allies dalam Gerakan Feminis HeForShe untuk Memperjuangkan Hak Pekerja Wanita di Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhaniati Shintya Giri , Pattipeilhy Shary Charlotte Henriette , Utama Tri Cahya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Gender inequality is a problem faced throughout the world, including in Indonesia, where the patriarchal system causes women to often get injustice from various sectors, especially the work sector. In 2014, UN Women initiated the formation of HeForShe by making men as agents of change so that women can live equally without discrimination. This research then aims to see why the HeForShe organization involves men in efforts to address gender inequality in Indonesia. This research also uses qualitative methods with various data sources from the HeForShe organization, the Government of Indonesia and the Ministry of PPPA. The theory used is Liberal Feminists with the concept of men as privileged allies. The results of this study indicate that men as privileged allies in the struggle for the rights of women workers in Indonesia. The support provided by Indonesian men currently varies from learning about gender equality to building movements to support the elimination of violence against women. It is through this contribution that women's voices will be heard and gender equality actions will be better realized.
Keywords: Indonesia, Gender Inequality, HeForShe, Privileged Allies, Equality, Rights of Women Workers

Abstrak: Ketidaksetaraan gender merupakan permasalahan yang dihadapi di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia dimana sistem patriarki menyebabkan wanita seringkali mendapatkan ketidakadilan dari berbagai sektor terutama sektor pekerjaan. Pada tahun 2014, UN Women menginisiasikan terbentuknya HeForShe dengan menjadikan pria sebagai agen perubahan agar wanita bisa hidup setara tanpa diskriminasi. Penelitian ini kemudian bertujuan untuk melihat mengapa organisasi HeForShe melibatkan pria dalam upaya penanganan ketidaksetaraan gender di Indonesia. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan berbagai sumber data dari organisasi HeForShe, Pemerintah Indonesia serta KemenPPPA. Teori yang digunakan adalah Feminis Liberal dengan konsep pria sebagai privileged allies. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pria berperan sebagai privileged allies dalam perjuangan hak pekerja wanita di Indonesia. Dukungan yang diberikan pria Indonesia saat ini sangat beragam mulai dari mempelajari mengenai kesetaraan gender sampai membangun gerakan untuk mendukung penghapusan kekerasan terhadap wanita. Melalui kontribusi inilah suara wanita akan lebih didengar dan kesetaraan gender akan terwujud dengan lebih baik.
Kata Kunci: Indonesia, Ketidaksetaraan Gender, HeForShe, Privileged Allies, Kesetaraan, Hak Pekerja Wanita.
Oferta de leña de los bosques nativos comunales en la cordillera del Vilcanota, Cusco, Perú
Authors: Gil-Mora Juan Eduardo , Álvarez-Moscoso Modesta Esther , Sánchez-Valenzuela Graciela , Baca-Flores Jesús Ángel 
Published: January 2022

Diversos factores han contribuido a la pérdida y degradación de los bosques andinos, especial[1]mente de los altos Andes por encima de los 3 200 m de altitud, donde se desarrolló el presente trabajo; el ámbito de estudio se halla en la cordillera del Vilcanota que es uno de los ramales meri[1]dionales de la cordillera oriental de los Andes; la importancia de los ecosistemas forestales andinos radica primordialmente en la relación del bosque como medio natural (importancia ecológica) y también en la relación del bosque como uso y aprovechamiento por las poblaciones (importancia económica). Los bosques en los altos Andes son residuales y se hallan sometidos a una extracción constante debido a que ofertan leña, madera y otros servicios ecosistémicos; por lo tanto, tienen importancia en la economía familiar de las comunidades campesinas altoandinas del Cusco y, des[1]de hace décadas se observa la creciente escasez de leña para uso doméstico. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la oferta de leña que brindan los bosques nativos en los altos Andes; se evaluaron 18 bosques nativos comunales pertenecientes a 11 comunidades campesinas y a dos provincias (Calca y Urubamba) cuya superficie total es 764 ha con una oferta total de leña equivalente a 169 699,71 t; la tipología de los bosques identificados pertenece a bosque mixto arbóreo, matorral espinoso y bosque de Polylepis. Para el análisis, la zona de estudio fue dividida en dos zonas y para la obtención de la información se utilizaron transectos lineales para el matorral espinoso y parcelas cuadradas para el bosque mixto y el de Polylepis; para la determinación del volumen de leña ofertada por los bosques en campo se midieron la circunferencia basal y distal y, la longitud del fuste, y se emplearon métodos experimentales de laboratorio.
Phytochemical Content and Potential Health Applications of Pecan [Carya
illinoinensis (Wangenh) K. Koch] Nutshell
Authors: del C. Reyes-Vázquez Nohemí , de la Rosa Laura A. , Morales-Landa Juan Luis , García-Fajardo Jorge Alberto , García-Cruz Miguel Ángel 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The pecan nutshell contains phytochemicals with various biological activities
that are potentially useful in the prevention or treatment of diseases, such as cancer, diabetes,
and metabolic imbalances associated with heart diseases.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to update this topic by means of a literature review and include
those studies that contribute to the knowledge of the chemical composition and biological activities
of pecan nutshell, particularly those related to the therapeutic potential against some chronic degenerative
diseases associated with oxidative stress.

Method:
Exhaustive and detailed review of the existing literature was conducted using electronic
databases.

Conclusion:
The pecan nutshell is a promising natural product with pharmaceutical uses in various
diseases. However, additional research related to the assessment of efficient extraction methods
and characterization, particularly the evaluation of the mechanisms of action in new in vivo models,
is necessary to confirm these findings and development of new drugs with therapeutic use.
Mechanistic Study on Gold(I)-Catalyzed Unsaturated Spiroketalization
Reaction
Authors: Sharma Kamlesh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
The mechanism of metal-catalyzed spiroketalization of propargyl acetonide is explored
by employing DFT with the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) method. Acetonide is used as a regioselective regulator
in the formation of monounsaturated spiroketal. The energies of transition states, intermediates,
reactants and products are calculated to provide new insight into the mechanism of the reaction.
The energetic features, validation of the observed trends in regioselectivity are conferred in
terms of electronic indices via FMO analysis. The presence of acetonide facilitates a stepwise spiroketalization
as it masks the competing nucleophile, and thus hydroxyl group present exclusively
acts as a nucleophile. The vinyl gold intermediate 3 is formed from 2 via activation barrier TS1.
This is the first ring formation, which is 6-exo-dig cyclization. The intermediate 3 is converted into
allenyl ether 4, which isomerizes to the intermediate oxocarbenium ion 5 via activation barrier TS2.
The intermediate 5 cyclizes to 6 via TS3. This is the second ring formation. The intermediate 6 on
protodeauration turns into 6,6-monounsaturated spiroketal 7. It is concluded that acetonide as a
protecting group serves the purpose, and thus a wide range of spiroketals can be prepared regioselectivity.
In silico ADME/Pharmacokinetic and Target Prediction Studies of
Ethambutol as Drug Molecule
Authors: Joshi Arnav Ajinkya , Khairnar Sakshi V. , Chaudhari Hemchandra K. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The conventional approach for the development of any pharmaceutically active
molecule is a time-consuming and costly process because the synthesis is followed by laboratory
tests which are then followed by long clinical trials. Hence, a faster approach is desired. This article
discusses Ethambutol, a frontline anti-tubercular drug that has its properties predicted by the SwissADME
tool and the results would be compared with the findings published in the literature.

Objective:
The main objective is to study the predicted and experimental ADME properties, compare
them and study the predicted targets and understand the use of SwissADME for designing other drug
molecules.

Method:
SwissADME, an online tool for ADME prediction, was used along with Swiss Target Prediction
to understand the targets of the drug. Further, experimental data was obtained from the available
scientific literature.

Results:
We found certain similarities between the predicted and experimental data. However, there
were some variations, depending on the testing conditions. The results are interpreted ahead in the
article.

Conclusion:
Ethambutol’s predicted ADME properties are discussed and as per findings from results,
it can be concluded that other drug molecules can be similarly predicted using these tools. Also, based
on predicted data, we can reformulate and prepare some different preparations of the drug.