bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bifurcation diagrams of one-dimensional Kirchhoff-type equations
Authors: Shibata Tetsutaro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the one-dimensional Kirchhoff-type equation

−

(

b
+
a
‖
u
′

‖

2

)

u

″

(

x

)

=
λ
u

(

x

)

p

,

x
∈
I
≔

(

−
1
,
1

)

,

u

(

x

)

>
0
,

x
∈
I
,

u

(

±
1

)

=
0
,

-\left(b+a\Vert u^{\prime} {\Vert }^{2}){u}^{^{\prime\prime} }\left(x)=\lambda u{\left(x)}^{p},\hspace{1em}x\in I:= \left(-1,1),\hspace{1em}u\left(x)\gt 0,\hspace{1em}x\in I,\hspace{1em}u\left(\pm 1)=0,

where

‖
u
′
‖
=

∫

I

u
′

(

x

)

2

d
x

1

/

2

\Vert u^{\prime} \Vert ={\left({\int }_{I}u^{\prime} {\left(x)}^{2}{\rm{d}}x\right)}^{1\text{/}2}

,

a
>
0
,
b
>
0
,
p
>
0

a\gt 0,b\gt 0,p\gt 0

are given constants and

λ
>
0

\lambda \gt 0

is a bifurcation parameter. We establish the exact solution

u

λ

(

x

)

{u}_{\lambda }\left(x)

and complete shape of the bifurcation curves

λ
=
λ

(

ξ

)

\lambda =\lambda \left(\xi )

, where

ξ
≔
‖

u

λ

‖

∞

\xi := \Vert {u}_{\lambda }{\Vert }_{\infty }

. We also study the nonlinear eigenvalue problem

−
‖
u
′

‖

p
−
1

u

″

(

x

)

=
μ
u

(

x

)

p

,
x
∈
I
,

u

(

x

)

>
0
,
x
∈
I
,

u

(

±
1

)

=
0
,

-\Vert u^{\prime} {\Vert }^{p-1}{u}^{^{\prime\prime} }\left(x)=\mu u{\left(x)}^{p},x\in I,\hspace{1em}u\left(x)\gt 0,x\in I,\hspace{1em}u\left(\pm 1)=0,

where

p
>
1

p\gt 1

is a given constant and

μ
>
0

\mu \gt 0

is an eigenvalue parameter. We obtain the first eigenvalue and eigenfunction of this problem explicitly by using a simple time map method.
Effect of selenium and methods of protein extraction on the proteomic profile of Saccharomyces yeast
Authors: Kieliszek Marek , Waśko Adam , Michalak Katarzyna , Kot Anna M. , Piwowarek Kamil , Winiarczyk Stanisław 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Selenium may influence the biosynthesis of individual proteins in the yeast cell cytosol. In this study, we used two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis to identify proteins that are differentially expressed by the enrichment of selenium in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells. We chose eight protein fractions for further proteomic analysis. A detailed analysis was performed using the Ultraflextreme matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometer, which enables fast and accurate measurement of the molecular weight of the analysed proteins. This study, for the first time, provides evidence that selenium-enriched yeast contains higher levels of mitochondria malate dehydrogenase, adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP)-dependent RNA helicase dbp3, and tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase, and alanyl-tRNA editing protein AlaX than yeast without the addition of selenium. It should be emphasised that the proteomic variability obtained reflects the high biological and complexity of yeast metabolism under control and selenium-enriched conditions and can be properly used in the future as a model for further research aimed at determining the expression of appropriate metabolic genes.
Analysis of cryoproteins with a focus on cryofibrinogen: a study on 103 patients
Authors: Natali Patrizia , Debbia Daria , Cucinelli Maria R. , Trenti Tommaso , Amati Gabriele , Spinella Amelia , Giuggioli Dilia , Mascia Maria T. , Sandri Gilda 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Cryofibrinogen (CF) is an abnormal protein in plasma that precipitates at 4 °C and dissolves at 37 °C. Whilst serum cryoglobulins (CGs) analysis is common practice, CF investigation is rarely performed. This study aims to describe the testing methodology developed at our laboratory, potential pitfalls for all analytical phases, the distribution among hospital wards and clinical conditions underlying test requests and clinical conditions in which to order CF analysis is useful.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of laboratory samples received between January 2019 and June 2021 with CF testing requests.

Results
A complete protocol for CF pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phases are supplied. Most test requests were received from the rheumatology department for systemic sclerosis or liver transplant screening. Among the 103 in-patients included, CF+ was confirmed in 68 patients (66%). Of observed CF+ patients (n=68) most cases were CGs− (n=44, 67%). Isolated CF was found in 43% of the cases. Among CF− patients (n=35; 34%) only 2 patients had positive CGs (CGs+). Among rheumatology patients (n=66), isolated CF+ was observed in 45% (n=30/66), whilst among patients with systemic sclerosis with CF+ (n=19), isolated CF+ was detected in 79% (n=15/19).

Conclusions
Described analytical procedures may be used for the creation of harmonized recommendations and indications for CF analysis. Isolated CF positivity among hospitalized patients, predominantly rheumatology and systemic sclerosis patients, appears higher than rates previously reported in literature. We propose CF test recommendations should be included in investigation protocols for diseases where cryofibrinogenemia may occur.
Longitudinal clinical reasoning theme embedded across four years of a medical school curriculum
Authors: Rowat Jane , Suneja Manish 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The acquisition of clinical reasoning (CR) skills is essential for future healthcare providers as they advance through their education. There is growing consensus that CR skills should be longitudinally integrated into undergraduate curriculum for acquisition/application of these skills. However, only a minority of schools reported having CR focused teaching sessions, citing a lack of curricular time and faculty expertise as the largest barriers. We describe the design and implementation of this theme and report the effects of its early introduction in Phase One as measured by the Diagnostic Thinking Inventory (DTI).

Methods
The Carver College of Medicine developed and implemented a longitudinal four-year clinical reasoning theme (CRT) with a special emphasis on introducing concepts in the preclinical years (Phase One). Educational strategies used to implement the theme relied on following principles: 1) new skills are best acquired in context of application; 2) contextual learning stimulates transfer of knowledge; and 3) knowledge of pathophysiology is necessary but alone is not sufficient to develop CR skills. A patient-centered CR schema served as the framework for developing the theme. Specific focus areas, pedagogies and assessment strategies were established for each of the three phases.

Results
The cohort with CRT demonstrated a significant increase in total DTI score after theme implementation compared to the cohort without.

Conclusions
A formal 4-year longitudinal CR theme is feasible, allowing for integration of pathophysiology, social determinants of health, and clinical skills. Early introduction of CR concepts as assessed by DTI showed improvement in student reasoning skills post-intervention.
Synthesis of insoluble sulfur and development of green technology based on Aspen Plus simulation
Authors: Zhou Liang-liang , Wang Wen-bo , Du Meng-cheng , Ma De-long , Zhang Xiao-lai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The continuous process for the production of insoluble sulfur (IS) has been developed to overcome the disadvantages associated with the traditional batch process, such as low automation, discontinuous production, and high consumption of sulfur and CS2. The consumption of CS2 in the continuous process is lower than that in the batch process. The recovery of solvent facilitates the recycling of CS2 and N2 in addition to the closed circulation of the entire system. The key process and recovery parameters of the IS synthesis were simulated using Aspen Plus. Sulfur was completely recovered after high-temperature pyrolysis, and the utilization ratio of sulfur atoms was increased from approximately 50% to more than 95%. Tail gas was comprehensively utilized through compression and cryogenic green treatment. Based on the developed green synthesis process and simulated process parameters, the continuous production of IS was evaluated on an industrial scale of 10,000 metric tonnes. Owing to the continuous characteristics of the production process, the air tightness of the production process was significantly improved, and the quality of the product was more stable than that of the product obtained by the current domestic batch process. The unconverted sulfur could be recycled after recovery, without low-grade sulfur as a by-product. The amount of sulfur used as raw material per unit product was reduced; the comprehensive conversion rate of sulfur to IS exceeded 95%, which significantly improved the utilization rate of sulfur atoms. Through the compression and condensation of the tail gas, the recovery efficiency of CS2 was considerably improved at the same temperature, and compressed N2 could be simultaneously obtained. The liquefaction rate of CS2 approached 91.78%, which was characterized by obvious greening.
The cognitive construction-grammar approach to teaching the Chinese Ba construction in a foreign language classroom
Authors: Kim Hyunwoo , Kim Tae Eun , Park Jeeyoung 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present study introduces a novel instructional approach to teaching a Chinese construction to college students in a foreign language classroom. Based on the framework of the construction-grammar approach to language acquisition, this study tested the effect of construction-based teaching, which integrates formal and semantic aspects of language with contextually meaningful visual scenes, in Korean-speaking Chinese learners’ acquisition of the Chinese Ba construction. Two groups of Chinese learners, who were enrolled in second-semester college-level Chinese classes, received constructional (n = 33) or form-focused instruction (n = 33) for 13 weeks. Results from elicited production and grammaticality judgment tasks implemented preceding and following the instruction showed that the constructional instruction group had improvements to a greater extent than the form-focused instruction group. These findings underscore the validity of the construction-grammar approach as an effective teaching method in foreign language learning settings.
Kant’s Ontology of Appearances and the Synthetic Apriori
Authors: Friebe Cord 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKant’s ontology of appearances implies that the numerical distinctness of empirical objects is grounded in their appearance-aspect, more precisely in space as pure intuition, in which alone such objects can be given. With distinguishing concepts things can only be thought: in contrast to Leibniz’s complete concepts and to Kripke’s rigid designators, Kant’s general concepts do not entail their referents analytically. They must be applied to intuition, i. e. be completed synthetically. Consequently, Kant’s ontology of merely singular (but not unique) individuals (Einzeldinge) is closely connected with a genuine semantics of synthetic reference via intuition, expressed by irreducible demonstratives such as “this”, “here”, and “now”. Accordingly, the judgment “There can be (or could have been) indiscernibles” is synthetic-apriori, which distinguishes Kant’s view both from skeptical empiricism and from heavyweight ontological realism.
Is it the Understanding or the Imagination that Synthesizes?
Authors: Sethi Janum 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A common reading of Kant’s notion of synthesis takes it to be carried out by the imagination in a manner guided by the concepts of the understanding. I point to a significant problem for this reading: it is the reproductive imagination that carries out the syntheses of apprehension and reproduction, and Kant claims repeatedly that the reproductive imagination is governed solely by its own laws of association. In light of this, I argue for a different division of the labor of synthesis between the imagination and the understanding. On my view, while the reproductive imagination puts representations together in accordance with laws of association, the understanding recognizes (some of) these combinations of representations as necessary in virtue of corresponding to a connection in the objects represented. I conclude by suggesting that a virtue of my account is that it can make sense of Kant’s claim that the relational categories are merely regulative for intuitions.
Analyzing the semiotic nature of GIFs: visual nominalization and visual telicity
Authors: Fan Yi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
GIFs, short audio-free loops of moving sequences, are active members of social semiotic resources in the era of Internet 2.0 that could generate humor, mediate power and signal identity. This paper proposes the perspective of visual nominalization and visual telicity as GIF properties that, in the environment of social media technologies, become capable of expressing polyphonic evaluation, transcontexualized polysemy, and dual deixis. Visual nominalization expresses the freeing of movement from integration into a time-dependent narrative and the abstraction resulting in deemphasized participants and emphasized processes. These traits are activated and realized by visual telicity, which is looping movement that can be conceptualized as an atelic visual container which packages and expresses both telic and atelic processes. This paper argues that visual nominalization and visual telicity are what establishes GIFs’ semiotic differences from still images and film videos, and facilitates their integration with written language in online and computer-mediated discourse.
Coupled surface plasmon–phonon polariton nanocavity arrays for enhanced mid-infrared absorption
Authors: Kachiraju Satya R. , Nekrashevich Ivan , Ahmad Imtiaz , Farooq Hira , Chang Long , Kim Sangsik , Kim Myoung-Hwan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Resonant optical cavities are essential components in mid-infrared applications. However, typical film-type cavities require multilayer stacks with a micron-thick spacer due to mid-infrared wavelengths, and their performance is limited by narrow frequency tunability and angular sensitivity. We propose and experimentally demonstrate the subwavelength-scale (≈λ
0/150) resonant nanocavity arrays that enhance the absorption spectrum of the device in the mid-infrared (10–12 microns) via excitation of coupled surface plasmon–phonon polaritons. The proposed metal–insulator–polar dielectric (gold–silicon–silicon carbide) structure supports a guided mode of the coupled surface polaritons in the lateral direction while vertically confining the mid-infrared wave within the 80 nm thick dielectric spacer. In particular, the subwavelength-scale (≈λ
0/10) gratings are imposed to form Fabry–Pérot cavity arrays displaying angle-insensitive and frequency-tunable absorption of up to 80% of the optical power in the mid-infrared. Our work should benefit diverse mid-infrared applications and novel designs of polariton-based photonic devices.
The crystal structure of (carbonato κ2
O,O′)(2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-olato-κN)tris(trimethylphosphine)rhodium(III) water solvate, C15H33NO5P3Rh
Authors: Elmakki Mohammed A. , Alexander Orbett T. , Venter Johan A. , Roodt Andreas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
C15H33NO5P3Rh, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 19.8694(11) Å, b = 12.5765(7) Å, c = 8.6990(5) Å, V = 2173.8(2) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt
(F) = 0.0394, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0941, T = 100 K, α = β = γ = 90°.
The crystal structure of 5-(2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, C20H15F5N2O3
Authors: Wu Yundeng , Xie Jun , Wan Hui , Xu Xiangyang , Li Jian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
C20H15F5N2O3, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 10.9913 (4) Å, b = 11.0451(5) Å, c = 30.3925(14) Å, V = 3689.6 (3) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0360, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0927, T = 170 K.
A Tax Credit Proposal for Profit Moderation and Social Mission Maximization in Long-Term Residential Care Businesses
Authors: Kerlin Janelle A. , Ye Meng , Chen Wendy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This policy brief proposes a tax credit with related qualifying conditions that address the serious deficiencies related to abuse and neglect found in the current for-profit long-term care space. It also seeks to address the lack of government accountability for huge outlays of taxpayer dollars in the form of Medicare and Medicaid payments to these facilities, much of which results in maximizing profits for wealthy investors at the expense of vulnerable individuals with limited voice. Our proposed policy arrangement alters the organizational DNA of the for-profit organization, including the moderation of profit, to circumvent the existing financial incentives that are driving the mistreatment and malpractice so evident in the system. It aims to achieve this through four policy components including social financing, a sliding dividend cap, employee-ownership, and limits on complex corporate structures which are tied to a tax credit. This multi-faceted policy idea is intended to start the discussion around a possible path forward.
The economic impact of infectious diseases of children at kindergarten age
Authors: Graichen Joanna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Children are particularly affected by infectious diseases. Little is known about economic consequences for society. Conducting a cost estimate reveals that over three billion euros are spent annually because of infectious diseases of kindergarten children in Germany. Additionally, intangible costs occur. This underscores the urgent need to develop health policies to reduce children’s risk of infections.
Medical Devices: Incentives and Impact of Regulatory Instruments
Authors: Henschke Cornelia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Regulating health technologies is an important issue to ensure patient access to effective and safe medical devices and to enable coverage of those through health systems. This article explains the innovation payments for medical devices in inpatient care with regard to the evidence on safety and effectiveness of the technologies, shows selected developments as well as effects and incentives of the approach.
Der CCI-6D: Indexinstrument zur Messung der Pflegeheimqualität
Authors: Damm Kathrin , de Jong Lea , Lückemann Maximilian , Herr Annika 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Mithilfe eines präferenzbasierten Indexinstruments zur Messung der Pflegeheimqualität kann die gesundheitsökonomische Evaluation von Pflegeleistungen erleichtert und die Perspektive der Nutzer:innen stärker als bisher in die Bewertung einbezogen werden. Ein solches Instrument ist der in Australien entwickelte Consumer Choice Index - 6 Dimension (CCI-6D). Durch die Übertragung des Instruments auf das deutsche Pflegewesen sowie die Ermittlung von Gewichtungsfaktoren soll dessen Anwendung auch hierzulande ermöglicht werden.
Gedanken an Gesundheit bei Diabetes: Ergebnisse der DiaDec-Studie
Authors: Borgmann Sandra Olivia , Chernyak Nadja , Haastert Burkhard , Linnenkamp Ute , Andrich Silke , Razum Oliver , Icks Andrea 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Bei Menschen mit chronischen Erkrankungen können häufige negative Gedanken einerseits mit ungünstigen Gesundheitsoutcomes, andererseits mit positiven Outcomes wie gesundheitsförderndem Verhalten in Verbindung stehen. Wir berichten die Ergebnisse einer Studie, die sich mit Gedanken an Gesundheit bei Menschen mit Diabetes befasst. Wir untersuchten Häufigkeit, Valenz und Zusammenhang solcher Gedanken mit gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität, diabetesbezogenen Belastungen und depressiven Symptomen.
Provider behavior in health and long-term care markets – the role of altruism and non-profit motives
Authors: Kesternich Iris , Van Damme Marjolein 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Since health and long-term care spending in developing countries is taking up rising shares of GDP, it is important to understand provider behavior in these markets. This article wants to shed light on non-financial motives of providers and how they interact with financial motives, efficiency concerns, and competition. It also wants to point out several areas that deserve more attention from both researchers and policymakers.
Preservation Practices for Information Resources in Public University Libraries in Tanzania
Authors: Mubofu Christian , Mambo Henry , Samzugi Athumani 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present study examined the preservation practices for information resources in seven public university libraries in Tanzania. Convenient and purposive sampling techniques were used to recruit library staff and library directors respectively to participate in the study. Data were collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative data obtained from the questionnaires were analysed using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (version 20) software while the qualitative data from the interviews were analysed using the thematic data analysis method. Regarding the effective preservation approaches for information resources, the study established that binding, digitization, migration, and emergency preparedness plans were highly cited. The following were the recommended preservation approaches for adoption in public university libraries: digitization, refreshing, proper shelving, and cleanliness of all library areas, migration, technology preservation, and binding. From the findings, it was concluded that public university libraries have a variety of preservation approaches for both print and digital information resources. The study recommends that policymakers and the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology should train librarians in skills that they can apply in preserving information resources using modern technologies.
The implication of molecular markers in the early stage diagnosis of colorectal cancers and precancerous lesions
Authors: Acar Hasan Zafer , Özer Nazmi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mortality can be significantly reduced if noninvasive molecular markers that are effective in the diagnosis of both early colorectal cancers and precancerous lesions are used in screening tests.In this study, our aim is to review the studies conducted with molecular markers obtained noninvasively for diagnosis in early-stage colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions and to reveal the most efficient and cost-effective ones.In our study, it has been shown by analyzing noninvasive molecular markers used in the diagnosis of early-stage colorectal cancers and precancerous lesions, that high rates of effective diagnosis can be obtained after given screening processes, even if these are relatively less effective. In particular, miR-21 in faeces and plasma has been found to be the most efficient and cost-effective biomarker.In order to reduce mortality in colorectal cancers, screening tests should be performed with molecular markers that are effective in early-stage colorectal cancers. However, novel biomarkers are also needed to detect both early colorectal cancers and precancerous lesions. When miR-21 analysis in stool and plasma is widely used as a screening test for early-stage colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions, early diagnosis rates can be significantly increased and mortality rates reduced.