bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global methane and nitrous oxide emissions from inland waters and estuaries
Authors: Zheng Yajing , Wu Shuang , Xiao Shuqi , Yu Kai , Fang Xiantao , Xia Longlong , Wang Jinyang , Liu Shuwei , Freeman Chris , Zou Jianwen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInland waters (rivers, reservoirs, lakes, ponds, streams) and estuaries are significant emitters of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) to the atmosphere, while global estimates of these emissions have been hampered due to the lack of a worldwide comprehensive data set of CH4 and N2O flux components. Here, we synthesize 2997 in‐situ flux or concentration measurements of CH4 and N2O from 277 peer‐reviewed publications to estimate global CH4 and N2O emissions from inland waters and estuaries. Inland waters including rivers, reservoirs, lakes, and streams together release 95.18 Tg CH4 year−1 (ebullition plus diffusion) and 1.48 Tg N2O year−1 (diffusion) to the atmosphere, yielding an overall CO2‐equivalent emission total of 3.06 Pg CO2 year−1. The estimate of CH4 and N2O emissions represents roughly 60% of CO2 emissions (5.13 Pg CO2 year−1) from these four inland aquatic systems, among which lakes act as the largest emitter for both CH4 and N2O. Ebullition showed as a dominant flux component of CH4, contributing up to 62%–84% of total CH4 fluxes across all inland waters. Chamber‐derived CH4 emission rates are significantly greater than those determined by diffusion model‐based methods for commonly capturing of both diffusive and ebullitive fluxes. Water dissolved oxygen (DO) showed as a dominant factor among all variables to influence both CH4 (diffusive and ebullitive) and N2O fluxes from inland waters. Our study reveals a major oversight in regional and global CH4 budgets from inland waters, caused by neglecting the dominant role of ebullition pathways in those emissions. The estimated indirect N2O EF5 values suggest that a downward refinement is required in current IPCC default EF5 values for inland waters and estuaries. Our findings further indicate that a comprehensive understanding of the magnitude and patterns of CH4 and N2O emissions from inland waters and estuaries is essential in defining the way of how these aquatic systems will shape our climate.
Impact of diversity training on employees and consumers: A review and research agenda
Authors: Thakur Prachi , Dhar Rajib Lochan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDiversity training (DT) is the most popular and effective tool for inclusion in the workplace, as evident from the growing research and investment interest. However, existing reviews have several limitations, including the absence of discussion on how and why DT can significantly impact consumer experiences. The current study utilizes a hybrid review combining systematic literature analysis with a theory‐context‐methodology framework to highlight future research directions. Two hundred fifty‐nine articles were screened using the SPAR‐4‐SLR protocol to select 48 articles which were then analysed to delineate the impact of DT on the employees and its impact on the consumer experience. The research findings demonstrate an overall positive impact of the training on employee‐related factors and underscore gaps in methodology, theory engagement and contextualization. Future research directions, including suggestions and propositions for developing DT for enhancing consumer experiences, are delineated.
Plerixafor use in New Zealand 2016–2019: an observational study
Authors: Swinn Timothy , Butler Andrew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlerixafor is used to mobilise CD34‐positive stem cells for autologous transplantation to treat haematological malignancy. Funded in New Zealand since 2016, plerixafor can be used ‘pre‐emptively’ to salvage a failing first attempt or as a ‘rescue’ strategy involving re‐mobilising after 4 weeks. The rate of failed mobilisation and plerixafor uptake in New Zealand is not known, while international practice varies widely.AimsTo establish success rates for conditioning regimes used in New Zealand.MethodsWe reviewed 203 consecutive patients with myeloma (n = 122) or lymphoma (n = 81) undergoing stem cell mobilisation between 1 January 2016 and 5 August 2019 at Christchurch hospital. We recorded demographics, conditioning regimens, harvest outcome and apheresis duration. Successful harvest was defined as collection of >2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg.ResultsSeventeen percent of patients received plerixafor. Harvest success rates for lymphoma and myeloma respectively were 77% and 86% with standard conditioning, 95% and 100% with ‘pre‐emptive’ plerixafor and 71% and 89% with ‘rescue’ plerixafor. ‘Pre‐emptive’ plerixafor was non‐inferior to standard conditioning. Following local guidelines resulted in at least one successful harvest for 96% lymphoma and 99% myeloma patients.ConclusionPlerixafor strategies in New Zealand allow successful stem cell mobilisation for ≥96% of patients. Further research is required to investigate whether increased use would be cost‐effective through reduced chemotherapy and apheresis duration, and improved graft quality.
Functional contribution of two perennial grasses to enhance pasture production and drought resistance under a leaf regrowth stage defoliation criterion
Authors: García‐Favre Javier , López Ignacio F. , Cranston Lydia M. , Donaghy Daniel J. , Kemp Peter D. , Ordóñez Iván P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLolium perenne L. (Lp) is the main pasture species in New Zealand, but climate change increases the likelihood of drought during summer and consequently lowers its growth rates. Bromus valdivianus Phil. (Bv) tolerates better the summer soil water restriction, but its competitiveness in a diverse pasture relates to the defoliation management and soil moisture levels. The performance of both species in terms of production, persistence and feed quality across seasons under different defoliation regimens was evaluated when the species were mixed and in monoculture. The treatments were applied in a randomised complete block design with three blocks. Bromus valdivianus and Lp monocultures and the 50/50 mixture (Mx) were grazed at low and high defoliation frequencies (i.e. based on Bv and Lp optimal leaf regrowth stage [LS], respectively). Herbage mass production was 15% higher in the Mx, mainly due to an increase in production in spring and summer. In spring, there was complementarity growth between the species, while during summer/early autumn, the Mx production relayed in the higher participation of Bv. Root biomass at depth (31–70 cm) was 38% greater for Bv monoculture and the Mx compared with Lp monoculture, which demonstrated the contribution of Bv to a better production of the mixture during and following the dry periods. In addition, the maintenance of the Bv tiller population and the higher growth rate during dry periods demonstrated its better fitness to low soil water availabilities than Lp. Although herbage mass was not modified by the defoliation frequency, forage quality of Bv showed values at low defoliation frequency that could compromise animal production during spring. However, there was an increase in root biomass under low defoliation frequencies, which suggested that a flexible grazing management across seasons would increase the niche utilisation between species in the mixture. The defoliation frequency of the mixture could be based on Lp LS during spring and winter, and slowed down, following Bv criteria, during summer and autumn.
Does attachment anxiety accentuate the effect of perceived contract breach on counterproductive work behaviors?
Authors: Jahanzeb Sadia , Bouckenooghe Dave , Baig Muhammad Usman Anwar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractApplying belongingness and attachment theories, we explore the association between employees' perception of psychological contract breach and counterproductive work behaviors, while also considering the mediating effect of workplace ostracism and the moderating role of attachment styles (i.e., attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance). Time‐lagged data from full‐time personnel working in telecommunications and transportation sectors in North America were collected at three different time points with an interval of 3 weeks between each wave. A total of 272 responses from the three measurement points were retained for our analysis. In support of what was hypothesized, our study's findings show that perception of contract breach fueled workplace deviance through the anticipated effect of workplace ostracism. Furthermore, and in line with what we assumed, the mediating effect of workplace ostracism was reinforced by employees' fear of rejection and abandonment in relationships (i.e., attachment anxiety). The role of attachment avoidance, however, was not found to moderate the indirect effect, contrary to our expectations. In conclusion, embedded in belongingness and attachment theorizing, this study offers empirical evidence of how workplace ostracism is a crucial mechanism that helps to explain the indirect effect through which psychological contract breach triggers counterproductive work behaviors. Furthermore, our findings illustrate how this relationship is conditional on attachment anxiety observed in employees.
Recent advances onDNAand omics‐based technology in Food testing and authentication: A review
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Rani Alka , Singh Shalini , Kumar Anuj 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe authentication of food is an urgent concern owing to the increasing population and direct consequences of food on public health. Food authentication using DNA and omics‐based methods is gaining ground due to critical advantages notably in the areas of food adulteration in plant and animal‐based food and feed products and in determining the quality of food and food spoilage. Besides, there is greater demand for the detection of genetically modified foods (GMOs) and the detection of allergens, toxins, and carcinogens like tobacco in the food. The present review summarizes the advanced DNA and omics‐based methods (genomics, metabolomics, and proteomics) in the food industry. DNA‐based methods rely on specific markers known as reference genes for food authentication. Lactic acid bacteria such asStreptococcus thermophilesare being used as probiotics for treating infectious diseases and as an essential culture in the fermentation industry. Novel methods like CRISPR‐Cas have been recently introduced for the management of beneficial micro‐organisms relevant to food like probiotics and starter cultures by enhancing their production and restraining damaging pathogens. These methods can detect the source, presence of allergens, adulteration, and mislabeling in food products.
Pathways to polar adaptation in fishes revealed by long‐read sequencing
Authors: Hotaling Scott , Desvignes Thomas , Sproul John S. , Lins Luana S. F. , Kelley Joanna L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLong‐read sequencing is driving a new reality for genome science in which highly contiguous assemblies can be produced efficiently with modest resources. Genome assemblies from long‐read sequences are particularly exciting for understanding the evolution of complex genomic regions that are often difficult to assemble. In this study, we utilized long‐read sequencing data to generate a high‐quality genome assembly for an Antarctic eelpout, Ophthalmolycus amberensis, the first for the globally distributed family Zoarcidae. We used this assembly to understand how O. amberensis has adapted to the harsh Southern Ocean and compared it to another group of Antarctic fishes: the notothenioids. We showed that selection has largely acted on different targets in eelpouts relative to notothenioids. However, we did find some overlap; in both groups, genes involved in membrane structure, thermal tolerance and vision have evidence of positive selection. We found evidence for historical shifts of transposable element activity in O. amberensis and other polar fishes, perhaps reflecting a response to environmental change. We were specifically interested in the evolution of two complex genomic loci known to underlie key adaptations to polar seas: haemoglobin and antifreeze proteins (AFPs). We observed unique evolution of the haemoglobin MN cluster in eelpouts and related fishes in the suborder Zoarcoidei relative to other Perciformes. For AFPs, we identified the first species in the suborder with no evidence of afpIII sequences (Cebidichthys violaceus) in the genomic region where they are found in all other Zoarcoidei, potentially reflecting a lineage‐specific loss of this cluster. Beyond polar fishes, our results highlight the power of long‐read sequencing to understand genome evolution.
On the large‐scale production of a new vaccine
Authors: Angelus Alexandar , Özer Özalp 
Published: May 2022

Large‐scale production of a new vaccine, such as the COVID‐19 vaccine, is characterized by evolving demand and production yield uncertainties. Further, following its FDA approval for efficacy and safety, a vaccine may not even be manufacturable due to its low production yield and the resulting lack of profitability. To deal with those challenges in practice, a vaccine manufacturer can (stochastically) increase the uncertain yield of a vaccine prior to launching large‐scale production by learning through small‐scale, experimental production runs about manufacturing conditions that are conducive to raising that yield. After starting large‐scale production and receiving revenues from the sale of the vaccine, the manufacturer can continue to stochastically improve vaccine yield by acquiring knowledge from real‐time production data. The two key decisions faced by a vaccine manufacturer concern the optimal timing and capacity of the vaccine's large‐scale production. To determine the structure of vaccine manufacturer's optimal decisions, we formulate and solve a stochastic, multiperiod, sequential‐decision model, while incorporating the dynamic evolution of vaccine yield uncertainty under those two yield improvement strategies. We establish the optimality of a threshold stopping policy for the timing of the large‐scale vaccine production. This policy depends in a fundamental way on the relative stochastic rates of the two yield improvement strategies. We characterize the manufacturer's optimal capacity decision and identify conditions under which optimal capacity and production yield become substitutes. We analyze the implications of our results for rendering a new vaccine large‐scale manufacturable, and bringing it to the market sooner during a pandemic period.
When do group incentives for retail store managers work?
Authors: Lee Hyun Seok (Huck) , Kesavan Saravanan , Kuhnen Camelia 
Published: May 2022

Retail stores are geographically dispersed as a part of a multiunit organization. In such a setting, store managers play an important role in driving store performance. To motivate them to exert effort, retailers have provided group incentives for store managers. Using data from 75 stores of a U.S.‐based retail chain that changed its incentive plan for store managers from being purely dependent on store performance to being dependent upon both store and corporate performance, we investigate the effect of this change on store performance. We also examine the moderating role of geographical proximity among stores and past performance of the focal store. To establish a causality, we identify a control group from a matched store of another retail chain in the same industry and perform a difference‐in‐differences analysis. We find that making managers' bonus dependent on corporate goals has resulted in overall worsening of store performance. However, such an effect is contingent upon both geographical proximity among stores and past performance of the focal store. The impact of the incentive change on store performance is positively moderated by the increase in stores within close geographical proximity, while it is negatively moderated by the past performance of the focal store. This paper broadens our understanding of how incentives work in practice, and more importantly, documents how firms can design more effective incentive schemes for managers by considering relevant conditions, such as stores' geographical networks and their past performance.
Approximation schemes for the joint inventory selection and online resource allocation problem
Authors: Chen Xingxing , Feldman Jacob , Jung Seung Hwan , Kouvelis Panos 
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we introduce and study the joint inventory selection and online resource allocation problem, which is characterized by two sequential sets of decisions that are irrevocably linked. First, a decision maker (DM) must select starting inventory levels for a set of available resources. Subsequently, the DM must match arriving customers to available resources in an online fashion so as to maximize expected reward. We first study the problem in its most general form, before focusing on a specific version that arises at Anheuser Busch InBev (ABI). This particular application of our general setting is referred to as the ABI Trailer Problem, and it considers how ABI ships its beer to vendors via third‐party delivery trucks. In this problem, ABI must select the weights of preloaded trailers of beer, which are then matched in an online fashion to the arriving third‐party delivery trucks. For the general setting, we develop simple and easy‐to‐implement approaches that come with robust worst‐case performance guarantees. For the ABI setting, we reveal a simplifying structural property related to the optimal matching policy, which gives rise to a natural adaptation of our original approach. We test the efficacy of these policies through extensive numerical experiments, where we find that our approaches are either near‐optimal or improve upon state‐of‐the‐art benchmarks. In particular, using a data set from ABI, we are able to generate instances of the ABI Trailer Problem, on which our algorithm has the potential to yield revenue improvements in the range of millions of dollars per year.
Widening double dualisation? Labour market inequalities and national social policy responses in Western Europe during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Natili Marcello , Negri Fedra , Ronchi Stefano 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEurope is witnessing a ‘double dualisation’ process, whereby inequalities have increased both between labour market insiders and outsiders, and between core and peripheral countries. We test the double dualisation hypothesis in the context of the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Did the COVID crisis exacerbate income inequalities between insiders and outsiders? Did cross‐country territorial divides also increase? Did national governments' emergency measures contribute to containing or widening double dualisation? We deploy a multi‐method research design that combines original survey data on seven old EU member states with three case studies on Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands. Results show that, in the short term, the COVID‐19 pandemic has been a catalyst of double dualisation: outsiders bore the greatest burden, especially in southern European countries. National emergency measures largely depended on the fiscal leeway available to governments and followed pre‐existing welfare trajectories, thus worsening cross‐country inequalities, with potentially severe consequences for the European integration process.
Increased contribution of KCa channels to muscle contraction induced vascular and blood flow responses in sedentary and exercise trained ZFDM rats
Authors: Sonobe Takashi , Tsuchimochi Hirotsugu , Maeda Hisashi , Pearson James T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn resistance arteries, endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization (EDH)‐mediated vasodilatation is depressed in diabetes. We hypothesized that downregulation of KCa channel derived EDH reduces exercise‐induced vasodilatation and blood flow redistribution in diabetes. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated vascular function in response to hindlimb muscle contraction, and the contribution of KCa channels in anaesthetised ZFDM, metabolic disease rats with type 2 diabetes. We also tested whether exercise training ameliorated the vascular response. Using in vivo microangiography, the hindlimb vasculature was visualized before and after rhythmic muscle contraction (0.5 s tetanus every 3 s, 20 times) evoked by sciatic nerve stimulation (40 Hz). Femoral blood flow of the contracting hindlimb was simultaneously measured by an ultrasonic flowmeter. The contribution of KCa channels was investigated in the presence and absence of apamin and charybdotoxin. We found that vascular and blood flow responses to muscle contraction were significantly impaired at the level of small artery segments in ZFDM fa/fa rats compared to its lean control fa/+ rats. The contribution of KCa channels was also smaller in fa/fa than in fa/+ rats. Low‐intensity exercise training for 12 weeks in fa/fa rats demonstrated minor changes in the vascular and blood flow response to muscle contraction. However, the KCa‐derived component in the response to muscle contraction was much greater in exercise trained than in sedentary fa/fa rats. These data suggest that exercise training increases the contribution of KCa channels among endothelium‐dependent vasodilatory mechanisms to maintain vascular and blood flow responses to muscle contraction in this metabolic disease rat model.Key points
Microvascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes impairs blood flow redistribution during exercise and limits the performance of skeletal muscle and may cause early fatigability.
Endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization (EDH), which mediates vasodilatation in resistance arteries, is known to be depressed in animals with diabetes.
Here, we report that low‐intensity exercise training in ZFDM rats increased the KCa channel‐derived component in the vasodilator responses to muscle contraction compared to that in sedentary rats, partly as a result of the increase in KCNN3 expression.
These results suggest that low‐intensity exercise training improves blood flow redistribution in contracting skeletal muscle in metabolic disease with diabetes via upregulation of EDH.
Redes sociales virtuales y estrategias de afrontamiento en migrantes de Colombia, Panamá y Chile: Diferencias y relaciones
Authors: Layne Bernal Benilda , Cardona Isaza Arcadio Jesús , Alvarez Massi Pedro Ángel 
Published: May 2022

Las redes sociales virtuales son un medio importante en las relaciones interpersonales de los migrantes en el país de origen y de destino. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las relaciones y diferencias en el uso de las redes sociales virtuales y las estrategias de afrontamiento en migrantes de diferentes países que viven en Colombia, Chile y Panamá. Se trata de un estudio transversal correlacional y comparativo. Participaron 125 migrantes (M = 30.63, DE = 9.79); 55.2 % eran mujeres. Se evaluaron las estrategias de afrontamiento y el uso de las redes sociales. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y correlacionales. También se compararon las variables por países. Los resultados indican una relación entre las redes sociales virtuales y las estrategias de afrontamiento, así como diferencias en las estrategias de afrontamiento entre los migrantes de cada país, principalmente en la reevaluación positiva, la búsqueda de apoyo social y la evitación. Se concluye que las redes sociales virtuales son un medio que puede contribuir a la comunicación, la adaptación y el apoyo social. Sin embargo, se observa que las redes sociales virtuales también pueden ser utilizadas para la discriminación y la xenofobia.