bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Insufficient Reduction After Short-Segment Posterior Fixation for Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures Does the Interval from Injury Onset to Surgery Affect Reduction of Fractured Vertebrae?
Authors: Aono Hiroyuki , Takenaka Shota , Okuda Akinori , Kikuchi Takeshi , Takeshita Hiroshi , Nagata Keiji , Ito Yasuo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Many surgeons have encountered patients who could not immediately undergo surgery to treat spinal fractures because they had associated injuries and/or because a complete diagnosis was delayed. For such patients, practitioners might assume that delays could mean that the eventual reduction would be insufficient. However, no report covered risk factors for insufficient reduction of fractured vertebra including duration from injury onset to surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors for insufficient reduction after short-segment fixation of thoracolumbar burst fractures.
Methods: Our multicenter study included 253 patients who sustained a single thoracolumbar burst fracture and underwent short-segment fixation. We measured the local vertebral body angle (VBA) on roentgenograms, before and after surgery, and then calculated the reduction angle and reduction rate of the fractured vertebra by using the following formula:
[(Preoperative VBA – Postoperative VBA) / Preoperative VBA] × 100
A multiple logistical regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for insufficient reduction. The factors that we evaluated were age, gender, affected spine level, time elapsed from injury to surgery, inclusion of vertebroplasty with surgery, load-sharing score (LSS), AO classification (type A or B), preoperative VBA, and the ratio of canal compromise before surgery.
Results: There were 140 male and 113 female patients, with an average age of 43 years, and the mean time elapsed between injury and surgery was 3.8 days. The mean reduction angle was 12°, and the mean reduction rate was 76%. The mean LSS was 6.4 points. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that a higher LSS, a larger preoperative VBA, a younger age, and being female disposed patients to having a larger reduction angle and reduction rate. The time elapsed from injury to surgery had no relation to the quality of fracture reduction in the acute period.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that if there is no neurologic deficit, it is not necessary to hurry surgical reduction of fractured vertebrae in the acute phase.
Growth Stunting and Nutritional Deficiencies Among Children and Adolescents with Celiac Disease in Kuwait: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Al-Mahmoud Esraa , Alkazemi Dalal Usamah Zaid , Al-Qabandi Wafaa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune condition triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. It can lead to chronic bowel inflammation and cause serious adverse consequences on children's health and development, including failure to thrive (FTT) or impaired growth. Currently, data on pediatric CD in Kuwait are limited.
Objective
We aimed to assess the nutritional status of children and adolescents with CD in Kuwait and investigate the nutritional deficiencies and sociodemographic factors associated with growth stunting in this population.
Methods
This case-control study included aged 3–18 years. Cases (n = 77) were diagnosed with CD using IgA-anti tissue transglutaminase (IgA TTG antibodies) and duodenal biopsy and compared to a healthy control group (n = 33). Nutritional status was evaluated using demographic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical parameters. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the association between CD and growth stunting.
Results
Approximately a third (31%) of children with CD had stunted growth, 20.8% had low BMI for age, and 5.2% had both growth stunting and wasting. Children with CD had higher odds of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) [OR = 8.00 [1.771–36.135]; p = .007; and vitamin D deficiency [OR = 6.65 [1.91–16.71], p = .002. Lower socioeconomic status [aOR = .309 (.169-.565), p < .001], anemia [aOR = 14.76 (2.41–90.36), p = .004], decreased serum level of vitamin D [aOR = .369 (.181-.753), p = .006], and being in a younger age group [aOR = .284 (.114-.707), p = .007] were factors significantly associated with higher risk of CD, explaining more than 50% of the risk (R2 = .509). For growth stunting, lower education status in the mother [aOR = .380 (.177-.817), p = .013], lower family income [aOR = .458 (.235-.894), p = .022], and lower serum ferritin [aOR = .227 (.060-.860), p = .029] were identified as risk factors (R2 = 516).
Conclusion
A significant proportion of children and adolescents with CD had malnutrition, overt deficiencies, and impaired growth despite coherence with a gluten free diet (GFD). Screening for deficiencies and regular follow-up with a dietitian are important to track dietary habits, follow up on GFD adherence, and correct nutritional deficiencies. Special attention should be paid to children from families with economic disparities.
Prognostic nomogram for ampullary adenocarcinoma patients with liver metastasis: Results from SEER database and National Cancer Center of China
Authors: Zhang Xiaojie , Guo Chunguang , Sun Chongyuan , Li Zefeng , Chen Yingtai , Che Xu , Zhao Dongbing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: The liver was the most common metastatic site in ampullary adenocarcinoma (AC) patients. This study aims to investigate the overall survival and to establish a prognostic nomogram for AC patients with liver metastasis.
Methods:AC patients with liver metastasis were retrospectively reviewed in the National Cancer Center of China and SEER database. The Cox proportional hazard model was performed to determine the independent prognostic risk factors. Then the prognostic nomogram was established and the internal validation was performed to assess the predictive value of the model. In addition, the area under the receiver operating curve (ROC) curve (AUC) and decision curve analyses (DCA) were conducted to validate the nomogram model.
Results: A total of 4305 AC patients in the SEER database and 237 AC patients in the National Cancer Center of China were initially retrieved. The overall incidence of liver metastasis in AC patients was 6.3% (132 patients). Overall, the 1-year, 2-year and 5-year OS in AC patients with liver metastasis were 31.2%, 18.0%, and 4.3%. The survival analysis demonstrated that age [HR: 1.536, 95%CI: 1.031-2.289, P = 0.035], poor differentiation [HR: 2.320, 95%CI: 1.156-4.655, P=0.018] were independent risk factors for OS. Based on this, a prognostic nomogram was established. The C-index for the internal validation was 0.677. The internal calibration curve, ROC curve (AUC: 0.714), and DCA curve showed relatively good predictive ability of the current nomogram.
Conclusions: The prognosis for AC patients with liver metastasis were poor. A prognostic overall survival nomogram for AC patients with liver metastasis was established and showed relatively good predictive ability. Nevertheless, further prospective studies with large sample are needed to validate our results.
Factors correlated with hearing aids adherence in elderly subjects: a prospective controlled study
Authors: Ghiselli Sara , Soncini Arianna , Enrico Fabrizi , Laborai Andrea , Cuda Domenico 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Population ageing is a global phenomenon. Hearing loss prevalence, indeed, increases with age. Hearing loss in elderly deteriorates hearing abilities and consequently cognition, sociality, sensitivity and the quality of life. Different studies reported that hearing aids have a positive effect on the cognitive outcome but most of them do not compare the performances before and after the hearing aids (HA) fitting. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the adherence to HA use in a group of elderly people one year after their first fitting. In particular, we want to analyze which factors influence the adherence. Subsequently, we evaluated the evolution of the different parameters analyzed after one year of HA use.
Methods:
86 elderly patients affected by moderate or moderate to severe hearing loss were consecutively recruited. They were evaluated during two assessments: one before (Pre) and one after one year of first HA experience (Post). Audiometric measures, questionnaires and a cognitive test were performed at each assessment. More details about study design and inclusion/exclusion criteria are reported in our previously published study protocol.
Results:
69.8% of the participants continued to use HA one year after the first fitting. At the comparisons USERS were younger than NON-USERS. Furthermore users have a statistically better unaided auditory threshold and basic cognitive status. No differences were found in speech audiometry, HHIE and Quality of life score.
39 patients completed Pre and Post evaluations. Significant improvements in speech audiometry and auditory threshold, HHIE, AQoL and IOI-HA score were observed. No difference was found in MOCA score.
Conclusions:
An high percentage of adherence to HA use has been observed in elderly with moderate or moderate to severe HL. The adherence to HA use is correlated with lower age, lower hearing loss degree, good basal cognitive capacities and better quality of life perception at first fitting. Use of hearing aids over time, leads to an improvement of the auditory performances, a reduction of the effect of the hearing impairment in everyday situations and absence of deterioration of the cognitive functions. Bilateral device users experience better performances and satisfaction than monolateral.
Trial registration: This research was retrospectively registered under no. NCT04333043 at ClinicalTrials.gov (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/) on the 26 March 2020. This research has been registered with the Ethics Committee of the Area Vasta Emilia Nord under number 104, date of approval 17/07/2017.
All-dielectric Huygens’ meta-waveguides for resonant integrated photonics
Authors: Sirmaci Yunus , Gomez Angela Barreda , Pertsch Thomas , Schmid Jens , Cheben Pavel , Staude Isabelle 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The growing maturity of nanofabrication technology has recently enabled the deployment of high-quality subwavelength nanostructures on photonic chips. A combination of existing photonic waveguide technology with nanophotonics and paradigms adapted from the field of optical metamaterials opens new avenues towards photonic integrated circuits providing unprecedented control of guided light waves. However, developing new functionalities while preserving both compatibility with current technology and the efficiencies required by existing and emerging applications remains a major challenge in on-chip nanophotonics. Here, we propose and demonstrate a radically new type of silicon nanophotonic waveguide consisting of a chain of resonantly forward scattering nanoparticles empowered by spectrally overlapping electric and magnetic dipolar Mie-type resonances. The propagation loss of the realized meta-waveguides in the telecom spectral range is as low as 0.4 dB/mm, exceeding the current record for Mie-resonant waveguides by more than an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the meta-waveguides support a negative group index over a broad spectral range of 60 nm and several millimeters of propagation distance, as well as regions of vanishing and anomalous dispersion within the transmission band. Finally, we show that meta-waveguide architectures composed of resonantly forward scattering nanoparticles can implement sharp bends with bending radii below 3 µm, and efficiently split the input signal within just 315 nm propagation length. Our work does not only contribute to addressing the challenges of miniaturization, dispersion and scattering control in on-chip photonics, but furthermore opens up completely new opportunities for enhanced light-matter interactions, interfacing with nanophotonic components, as well as nonlinear, ultrafast and quantum optics in resonant integrated light-guiding architectures.
Municipal waste management using multiple disposal location arc routing and waste segregation approach - a real life case study in England
Authors: Hirbod Fatemeh , Karimi Tourandokht , Mohammadnazari Zahra , Aghsami Amir , Rabbani Masoud 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is recognized as one of the most important operations in municipalities. It calls for significant amounts of both fixed and variable costs and investments. The majority of these costs are comprised of the operational procedures of collecting, transportation, and disposal. Within the scope of this paper, multiple disposal location arc routing problems (LARP) with vehicle capacity limitation and consideration of waste segregation are investigated. The LARP model will point out the optimal places for the depot as well as the three trash disposal sites. In other words, waste segregation is analyzed in this problem. The different types of optimization objectives and constraints on LARP model are concentrated towards improving waste collection and minimizing the cost. Also, a triangle fuzzy parameter is defined as the demand. Furthermore, future research gaps are identified by investigating of various key issues of the existing methods. A real case study is investigated in UK to test the performance and applicability of the proposed model. Finally, several sensitivity analyses are performed with useful managerial insights in different conditions to analyze the changes in the objective function.
Elevated risk of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers in husbands of women with anogenital cancer appears calendar-time dependent
Authors: Lehtinen Tuomas , Zhang Luayo , Sundquist Kristina , Sundqvist Jan , Waterboer Tim , Lehtinen Matti , Hemminki Kari 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are associated with oropharyngeal cancer, especially tonsillar and base of tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC/BOTSCC). Our aim was to evaluate relative risk (RR) of TSCC/BOTSCC in the husbands of women with anogenital HPV-associated cancer using the Swedish family data linked to cancer diagnoses.
Methods
The database includes some 3.5 million families and 16 million individuals identified since 1932 and linked to cancer data of individuals from 1958 to 2015. We explored the RR of familial TSCC/BOTSCC in husbands diagnosed with TSCC/BOTSCC of women diagnosed with anogenital (anal, vulvo/vaginal, cervical) cancer or cervical carcinoma in situ as compared to husbands of healthy controls by calendar-time and age.
Results
In husbands of women with in situ cervical carcinoma, the RR for TSCC/BOTSCC was 2-fold both in the time period of 1969–2001 and in 2002–2015. The RR of TSCC/BOTSCC in husbands of women with invasive anogenital cancer increased by calendar-time and decreasing ages at diagnosis. The RR of TSCC/BOTSCC peaked at 9.4 (95% CI 1.80–49.4) in 2002–2015 in spouses diagnosed for invasive cancer both at age < 50 years.
Conclusion
These associations may be due to the increasing HPV population attributable fraction in TSCC/BOTSCC over time.
Rapid, high-sensitivity detection of biomolecules using dual-comb biosensing: application to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein
Authors: Yasui Takeshi , Miyamura Shogo , Oe Ryo , Nakahara Takuya , Okada Shota , Taue Shuji , Tokizane Yu , Minamikawa Takeo , Yano Taka-aki , Otsuka Kunihiro , Sakane Ayuko , Sasaki Takuya , Yasutomo Koji , Kajisa Taira 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rapid, sensitive detection of biomolecules is important for improved testing methods for infectious pathogens as well as biomarkers and pollutants. For example, testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential in the fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the current standard for COVID-19 testing; however, it is hampered by the long testing process. Simplifying and shortening the testing process while achieving its high sensitivity would facilitate sooner quarantine and thus presumably prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we aim to achieve the rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 by enhancing the performance of optical biosensing. We demonstrate optical biosensing based on a dual configuration of optical frequency combs (OFCs), enabling detection of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. The virus-concentration-dependent optical spectrum shift produced by antigen-antibody interactions is transformed into a photonic radio-frequency (RF) shift by a frequency conversion between the optical and RF regions in the OFC, facilitating rapid and sensitive detection with mature electrical frequency measurements. Furthermore, active-dummy temperature-drift compensation with a dual-comb configuration enables the very small change in the virus-concentration-dependent signal to be extracted from the large, variable background signal caused by temperature disturbance. This dual-comb biosensing technique has the potential to reduce COVID-19 testing time to 10 min, which is considerably shorter than RT-PCR, while maintaining sensitivity close to that of RT-PCR. Furthermore, this system can be applied for sensing of not only viruses but also various biomolecules for medical care, food inspection, and environmental monitoring.
Crystal Structure and Triboluminescence of Europium(III) Tetrakis-thenoyl Trifluoroacetonate With Outer-sphere Organic Cation
Authors: Bukvetskii Boris V. , Petrochenkova Natalya V. , Mirochnik Anatolii G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A novel complex of Eu(III) tetrakis-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate with the outer-sphere cation 2-(E)-1-(2-thenoyl)ethylidene)-1-hydrazine carboxyimidoamide (Q) of the composition Q[Eu(ТТА)4]·H2O (TTA – thenoyltrifluoroacetonate-ion, Q – outer-sphere cation) characterized with intense luminescence and triboluminescence has been synthesized. The structure of the centrosymmetric crystal is composed of complex anions of the composition [Eu(TTA)4]¯, which are stacked in layers parallel to the plane (100), whereas interlayers of organic cations are located between the layers. A structural model for the formation of triboluminescent properties has been suggested.
The Impact of The COVID-19 Pandemic on The Incidence of Adult and Pediatric Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Alkilany Reem , Phillips Lynette , Anthony Donald D , kaelber david , Bukulmez Hulya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has impacted both adult and pediatric populations. There is evidence that patients developed more chronic autoimmune diseases after the onset of pandemic. In scientific meetings and reported case series there has been discussion about whether those patients with genetic tendency to develop rheumatologic illnesses started to develop illness at an increased rate due to SAR-CoV-2 viral induction of the host immune defense.

Objective

Our study objective was to determine whether the incidence of new onset rheumatologic diseases has increased with the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on those that involve interferon type I pathway dysfunction, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult rheumatoid arthritis at the global level.

Methods

We used de-identified, aggregated data from the electronic health records (EHRs) of 65 global healthcare organizations, including over 60 million people, through the TriNetX platform. Deidentified data were queried and analyzed from the COVID-19 research network of TriNetX from October 2018 to July 2021 using simple chi-square statistics of independence.

Results

Our results showed that among the SARS-CoV-2 positive patients compared to SARS-COV-2 negative patient there is a significant increase in the incidence rate of new onset adult “seronegative RA”, “other unspecified RA” in all adult age groups, “seropositive RA” above 50-year-old age. And “other juvenile idiopathic arthritis” subgroup in the pediatric population.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that there might be an association of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the etiopathogenesis of some subtypes of childhood and adult rheumatoid arthritis. This association could be explained by dysregulation of type I interferon activation signaling pathways that play roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis in these subgroups and seems to be more significant in the older patient age groups above 50 years.
Community focus groups about a COVID-19 individual risk assessment tool: access, understanding and usefulness
Authors: Keval Aliyah , Titi Mohammad , Saleh Hadi Omar , Young Staci , Gomez Julia Dickson , Atanisov Vladimir , Black Bernard , Meurer John 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: In order to make informed COVID-19 related decisions, individuals need information about their personal risks and how those risks may vary with specific demographic and health characteristics. The Fight COVID MKE web=based risk assessment tool allows for assessment of COVID-19 mortality risk as a function of personal and neighborhood characteristics. The purpose of this study is to explore public understanding of this risk assessment tool and risk perception through community focus groups.
Methods: Individuals were recruited from Milwaukee County to participate in nine online focus groups where the risk assessment tool was presented for feedback. Focus group transcripts were then analyzed qualitatively for common themes using MAXQDA.
Results: Three main themes were identified in the focus groups regarding the web-based risk assessment tool: access, understanding, and usefulness.
Conclusions: This paper explores how members of the community interpret individual risk assessments and life expectancy estimations, and how these vary with age, gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and pre-existing comorbidities. Understanding COVID-19 infection and progression rates, and how they vary with a full set of patient-specific characteristics is critical for effective policy and practice responses to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as for future infection outbreaks