bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Super telescopic catheter system parallel to a contralateral stiff guide wire to cross extremely complex pulmonary arteries
Authors: Piccinelli Enrico , Bautista-Rodriguez Carles , Fraisse Alain 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAccess to complex stenotic pulmonary arteries can be challenging due to their anatomy or secondary to prior multiple surgeries and interventions. Two techniques have been previously described to address this issue: the telescopic catheter-in-long sheath parallel to a stiff guidewire technique and the use of a microcatheter in a telescopic scope. We integrated and modified these techniques creating a super telescopic system with a SuperCross® microcatheter-in-catheter-in-long sheath, parallel to a contralateral stiff guidewire to access a previously repaired and stented left pulmonary artery. The stiff wire support and the 90° flexiblity of the Supercross® microcatheter assembled coaxial to the diagnostic catheter and the long sheath contributed to the successful ballooning and stenting-in-stent of the pulmonary artery.
Inferior sinus venosus defect and anomalous hepatic venous return to the coronary sinus leading to an Eisenmenger syndrome
Authors: Tajouri Asma , Batteux Clément , Ly Reaksmei , Houyel Lucile , Hascoet Sebastien 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInferior sinus venosus defect associated with left hepatic vein drainage to the coronary sinus is an extremely rare condition. We report the case of a 41-year-old man suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension related to this unusual CHD. Planning of heart–lung transplantation in this case required accurate anatomical description.
Late bacterial endocarditis after percutaneous atrial septal defect closure
Authors: Nishioka Makiko , Hoshino Kenji , Ugaki Shinya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPercutaneous atrial septal defect closure is widely used as an alternative to surgical repair in many hospitals. Infective endocarditis related to occluding devices is commonly known, but following that atrial septal defect closure with a device in a child is rare. This report describes an 11-year-old girl who developed late-stage bacterial endocarditis following incomplete endothelialisation after a percutaneous procedure.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a child with single-ventricle disease
Authors: Takamizawa Koichi , Ono Shin , Saito Naka , Ueda Hideaki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTakotsubo cardiomyopathy, a disease that causes transient contractile abnormalities mainly in the left ventricular apex, is rarely reported in children, especially in those with single-ventricle disease. A 4-year-old boy with a single right ventricle was transferred to our hospital following a severe seizure and was diagnosed with takotsubo cardiomyopathy by echocardiography. His cardiac function improved; however, he developed hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Cognitive impairment in hoarding disorder: a systematic review
Authors: Stumpf Bárbara P. , de Souza Leonardo C. , Mourão Marina S.F. , Rocha Fábio L. , Fontenelle Leonardo F. , Barbosa Izabela G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveIn the present study, we aimed to perform a systematic review evaluating the cognitive performance of patients with hoarding disorder (HD) compared with controls. We hypothesized that HD patients would present greater cognitive impairment than controls.MethodsA systematic search of the literature using the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and LILACS was conducted on May 2020, with no date limit. The search terms were “hoarding disorder,” “cognition,” “neuropsychology,” “cognitive impairment,” and “cognitive deficit.” We included original studies assessing cognitive functioning in patients with HD.ResultsWe retrieved 197 studies initially. Of those, 22 studies were included in the present study. We evaluated 1757 patients who were 41 to 72 years old. All selected studies comprised case–control studies and presented fair quality. Contrary to our hypothesis, HD patients showed impairment only in categorization skills in comparison with controls, particularly at confidence to complete categorization tasks. Regarding attention, episodic memory, working memory, information-processing speed, planning, decision-making, inhibitory control, mental flexibility, language, and visuospatial ability, HD patients did not show impairment when compared with controls. There is a paucity of studies on social cognition in HD patients, although they may show deficits. The impact of emotion in cognition is also understudied in HD patients.ConclusionExcept for categorization skills, the cognitive performance in HD patients does not seem to be impaired when compared with that in controls. Further work is needed to explore social cognition and the impact of emotion in cognitive performance in HD patients.
Clinical Management of Patients with Schizophrenia Treated with Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics and Telepsychiatry Use During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bessonova Leona , Keane Elizabeth , Achtyes Eric , Harvey Philip D. , Kane John M. , Saklad Stephen R. , Trotter Jeffrey , Claxton Amy , Hatfield Tiffany , McGrory James , Noori Wahidullah , O’Sullivan Amy K. , Biber Joshua E. , Kessler Asia Sikora , Yarlas Aaron , Velligan Dawn I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted care of patients with schizophrenia treated with long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs). This study examined how clinics adapted operations to maintain a standard of care for these patients after pandemic onset.MethodsOnline surveys were completed in October-November 2020 by one principal investigator (PI) or PI-appointed designee at 35 clinics participating in OASIS (NCT03919994). Items concerned pandemic impacts on clinic operations, particularly telepsychiatry, and on the care of patients with schizophrenia treated with LAIs.ResultsAll 35 clinics reported using telepsychiatry; 20 (57%) implemented telepsychiatry after pandemic onset. Telepsychiatry visits increased from 12%-15% to 45%-69% across outpatient visit types after pandemic onset; frequency of no-show and/or canceled telepsychiatry visits decreased by approximately one-third. Nearly half of clinics increased the frequency of telepsychiatry visits for patients with schizophrenia treated with LAIs. Approximately one-third of participants each reported switching patients treated with LAIs to longer injection interval LAIs or to oral antipsychotics. The most common system/clinic- and patient-related barrier for telepsychiatry visits was lower reimbursement rate and access to technology/reliable internet, respectively. Almost all participants (94%) were satisfied with telepsychiatry for maintaining care of patients with schizophrenia treated with LAIs; most predicted a hybrid of telepsychiatry and office visits post-pandemic.ConclusionsChanges made by clinics after pandemic onset were viewed by almost all participants as satisfactory for maintaining a standard of care for patients with schizophrenia treated with LAIs. Most participants predicted continuing telepsychiatry to support patient care post-pandemic; equitable access to telepsychiatry will be important in this regard.FundingAlkermes, Inc.
Diagnostic Dilemma in Psychiatry: Disease of the Mind or the Media?
Authors: Syed Shahan , Robinson Julianna , Reddington Bridget 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionDelusions, such as belief in conspiracy theories (CT), exist on a continuum representing clinical and subclinical populations. Some individuals are more susceptible to CT belief. Social media has allowed conspiracy theories to spread relatively unchecked. We report a previously healthy male hospitalized for delusions and reckless behavior. We analyze potential risk factors affecting this patient.Case PresentationA 54-year-old Caucasian male presents with worsening persecutory and grandiose delusions over the past 6 months. An active participant in conspiracy theory-related online forums, he believes he has sensitive information regarding the Federal Bureau of Investigation. He endorses delusions of surveillance and tracking by family members, citing these concerns prompted him to rely on public transportation and prepaid cell phones, and even trespassing on U.S. Navy property. On evaluation, the patient prompts the team to review his collection of classified evidence claiming government involvement in a global sex trafficking operation. When challenged, the patient becomes argumentative, citing social media sources. He shows no evidence of overt depression, mania, or post-traumatic stress. The patient’s level of functioning is reduced but not markedly impaired and he maintains employment. CBC, CMP, noncontrast head CT, CXR, and EKG are unremarkable. Cannabinoids are found on UTOX. He has a Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score of 23/49 (positive), 10/49 (negative), and 31/112 (General Psychopathology), and Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale score of 19/24.DiscussionConspiracy theories (CT) are the result of an altered perception of reality. Belief in CT correlates with negative social, health, and civic outcomes, including increased tolerance to violent and antisocial behavior. Magical thinking, trait Machiavellianism, narcissistic traits, and primary psychopathy have been shown to be significant positive predictors of belief in CT. Individuals with maladaptive perception/attribution styles may also develop cognitive distortions. Finally, intuitive thinking, as opposed to analytical thinking, is associated with CT beliefs. Social or political crises may incite elevated emotional responses, causing increased popularity of CT during times of major social or political change. Identifying these traits may be useful for clinicians providing interventions for patients with CT ideation. This patient’s presentation with delusions and nonimpaired functioning may be explained by deficits in objective reasoning as a result of maladaptive cognitive and affective response mechanisms, rather than psychotic illness.ConclusionConspiracy theories are generated as a consequence of social and political discontent and can result in a clinically significant impact on mental health and well-being. Patients with narcissistic traits and primary psychopathy are more likely to demonstrate impaired judgment related to CT.FundingNo funding
The Utility of Planned Deprescribing in Pandemics and Other Disasters: A Systematic Review
Authors: Black James E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundHow can psychiatrists best provide care in complex, sometimes overwhelming disasters? COVID-19 strained every aspect of health care to the breaking point, from finances to pharmaceutical supply lines. We can expect more challenges to prescribing in the future, as shown by recent hurricanes in Puerto Rico, fires in California, and ice storms in Texas. When medications become scarce or inaccessible, then clinicians need to make difficult prescribing decisions. We suggest that a culture of deprescribing, a systematic approach to reducing or simplifying medications, could be applied to a wide variety of crises. Deprescribing is defined as the planned reduction of medications to improve patient health or to reduce side effects (see deprescribing.org). It has been used to reduce polypharmacy in geriatric and other complex populations. It provides evidence-based guidance for phasing out many classes of medications. It is part of the larger program to reduce waste in health care and to make pharmacy more rational. Disasters and resource scarcity, however, require a different approach. In contrast to routine care focused on individual patients, crisis standards of care (CSC) shift the clinical focus to the community. Instead of deprescribing guidelines for individual clinicians, CSC deprescribing would be national policies addressing shortages of important medications. We did a scoping review looking for studies of deprescribing in a crisis.Methods/ResultsWe extracted 1340 references in Google Scholar 2016 to 2021 using (deprescribing) AND (disaster OR crisis OR climate OR pandemic OR supply lines). A scan of texts found 160 references matching our criteria, and only 19 of them addressed deprescribing as a strategy to strengthen health systems or providers in an emergency. Most of those were related to scarce supplies during COVID, and a few addressed the carbon impact of medications. We also reviewed related literatures on medication supply chain vulnerabilities, WHO Essential Medicines, and healthcare rationing.ImplicationsDeprescribing gained attention during the COVID pandemic, responding to both disrupted supply lines and improving patient safety. Writers concerned with climate change support deprescribing to reduce the carbon impact of medications. Deprescribing as crisis policy could help streamline national stockpiles, supply chains, and manufacturing. Education could make deprescribing second nature for clinicians, potentially decreasing stress and increasing flexibility in future emergencies. Barriers to deprescribing generally include cultural inertia, industry lobbyists, education, and malpractice fears. In a crisis, deprescribing guidelines could provide clinicians with confidence and flexibility while conserving scarce resources. Research is needed to evaluate deprescribing guidelines for crises, especially ensuring equity in how they reduce polypharmacy and save money.FundingNo funding
Real-World Outcomes Associated with Cognitive Impairment Among Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Kadakia Aditi , Fan Qi , Shepherd Jason , Bailey Hollie , Dembek Carole , Williams Rhys 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between cognitive impairment and hospitalizations, quality of life and satisfaction with life among patients with schizophrenia.MethodsA point-in-time survey was conducted between July and October 2019 via the Adelphi Schizophrenia Disease Specific Programme across the USA. Patients were stratified as mild or severe based on the level of cognitive impairment reported by their psychiatrist (normal, mild = mild; moderate, severe, very severe = severe). Multiple regression analysis was used to model the association between cognitive impairment and outcomes, adjusting for baseline characteristics.ResultsData were provided by 124 psychiatrists for 651 mildly and 484 severely impaired patients with schizophrenia; PSCs were completed by 349 mildly and 206 severely impaired patients. Severe cognitive impairment was associated with increased odds of hospitalization due to schizophrenia relapse since diagnosis (2.10 odds ratio [OR], P = .004) and within 12 months (1.95 OR, P < .001) compared to mild impairment. Moreover, patients with severe cognitive impairment had poorer quality of life according to the EuroQoL 5-dimension (EQ-5D) Health Index (−0.085 coefficient, P < .001) and EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale (−6.24 coefficient, P = .041) compared to patients with mild cognitive impairment. Severe cognitive impairment was also associated with lower overall life satisfaction according to the Quality-of-Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (−8.13 coefficient, P = .006) compared to mild cognitive impairment.ConclusionSchizophrenia patients with severe cognitive impairment had more hospitalizations due to relapse than patients with mild cognitive impairment. Additionally, patients with severe cognitive impairment had significantly lower quality of life and overall satisfaction with life compared to patients with mild cognitive impairment.FundingSunovion Pharmaceuticals
Migrating extraterrestrial civilizations and interstellar colonization: implications for SETI and SETA
Authors: Romanovskaya Irina K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdvanced extraterrestrial civilizations may produce observable technosignatures when they migrate inside their planetary systems and to other planetary systems. Collectively, the search for technosignatures produced by migrating extraterrestrial civilizations can be described as the search for migrating extraterrestrial intelligence (SMETI). I propose that extraterrestrial civilizations may use free-floating planets as interstellar transportation to reach, explore and colonize planetary systems. I propose possible technosignatures and artefacts that may be produced by extraterrestrial civilizations using free-floating planets for interstellar migration and interstellar colonization, as well as strategies for the search for their technosignatures and artefacts. I discuss technosignatures that may be produced by extraterrestrial civilizations using other methods of interstellar migration and colonization. As an example, I discuss the star GJ 433, which experienced a close flyby a few thousand years ago. I divide possible technosignatures of migrating civilizations into groups to highlight similarities and differences among technosignatures produced by civilizations using different methods of migration and interstellar colonization. It follows from the comparison, for example, that interstellar migration using flybys of stars can blend with interstellar migration using free-floating planets.
Fine Structures of the Electron Current Sheet in Magnetotail Guide‐Field Reconnection
Authors: Tang B.‐B. , Li W. Y. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Graham D. B. , Gao C. H. , Chen Z. Z. , Fu H. S. , Lu Q. M. , Wang C. , Burch J. L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe investigate fine structures of the electron current sheet in magnetotail guide‐field reconnection using Magnetospheric Multiscale observations. This current sheet, observed in the outer electron diffusion region (EDR) of reconnection, is featured by clear bifurcation and deflection, and also has complicated fine sublayers. The formation of these sublayers is closely related to streaming and meandering electrons, which are facilitated by the reconnection guide field. In particular, in the sublayer around the BL reversal, the meandering electrons, which usually move along the out‐of‐plane (M) direction, are strongly distorted into the vL‐vN plane due to the finite BM component. The low frequency fluctuation of this current sheet is also revealed, contributing ∼3% of the reconnection electric field by the anomalous effect. We suggest that such current sheet fluctuations, possibly driven by the magnetic double‐gradient instability, can be characteristic in the outer EDR.
Future Land Precipitation Changes Over the North American Monsoon Region Using CMIP5 and CMIP6 Simulations
Authors: Hernandez Manuel , Chen Liang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChanges in the North American Monsoon (NAM), a circulation system that transports moisture into western Mexico and the southwest U.S., can have substantial impacts on water resources and agriculture. Here, we utilize future projections from Phase 6 and 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) to assess monthly changes in land precipitation and the leading mechanisms resulting from anthropogenic climate change. Historical CMIP6 simulations of seasonal precipitation demonstrate skill in reproducing NAM rainfall, but mimic precipitation biases observed in previous CMIP generations. Future climate projections from the SSP5‐8.5 pathway produce reductions in precipitation that persist throughout the monsoon season (June–August) but are balanced by precipitation increases during the late monsoon season (September–October) but are not shown in CMIP5 projections. Atmospheric moisture budget analysis reveals that early monsoon rainfall deficits are associated with a combination of greater evaporative demand, a negative dynamic response of vertical moisture advection, and anomalous subsidence. Increases in late monsoon season rainfall are attributed to a positive change in the dynamical term of vertical moisture advection and increases in upward motion. Although minimal changes in total land NAM rainfall are observed, seasonal shifts and the persistence of drier conditions can have significant ecological and societal consequences.
Martian CO2 Ice Observation at High Spectral Resolution With ExoMars/TGO NOMAD
Authors: Oliva F. , D’Aversa E. , Bellucci G. , Carrozzo F. G. , Ruiz Lozano L. , Altieri F. , Thomas I. R. , Karatekin O. , Cruz Mermy G. , Schmidt F. , Robert S. , Vandaele A. C. , Daerden F. , Ristic B. , Patel M. R. , López‐Moreno J.‐J. , Sindoni G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery (NOMAD) instrument suite aboard ExoMars/Trace Gas Orbiter spacecraft is mainly conceived for the study of minor atmospheric species, but it also offers the opportunity to investigate surface composition and aerosols properties. We investigate the information content of the Limb, Nadir, and Occultation (LNO) infrared channel of NOMAD and demonstrate how spectral orders 169, 189, and 190 can be exploited to detect surface CO2 ice. We study the strong CO2 ice absorption band at 2.7 μm and the shallower band at 2.35 μm taking advantage of observations across Martian Years 34 and 35 (March 2018 to February 2020), straddling a global dust storm. We obtain latitudinal‐seasonal maps for CO2 ice in both polar regions, in overall agreement with predictions by a general climate model and with the Mars Express/OMEGA spectrometer Martian Years 27 and 28 observations. We find that the narrow 2.35 μm absorption band, spectrally well covered by LNO order 189, offers the most promising potential for the retrieval of CO2 ice microphysical properties. Occurrences of CO2 ice spectra are also detected at low latitudes and we discuss about their interpretation as daytime high altitude CO2 ice clouds as opposed to surface frost. We find that the clouds hypothesis is preferable on the basis of surface temperature, local time and grain size considerations, resulting in the first detection of CO2 ice clouds through the study of this spectral range. Through radiative transfer considerations on these detections we find that the 2.35 μm absorption feature of CO2 ice clouds is possibly sensitive to nm‐sized ice grains.
Premature Deaths in Africa Due To Particulate Matter Under High and Low Warming Scenarios
Authors: Shindell D. , Faluvegi G. , Parsons L. , Nagamoto E. , Chang J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSustainable development and climate change mitigation can provide enormous public health benefits via improved air quality, especially in polluted areas. We use the latest state‐of‐the‐art composition‐climate model simulations to contrast human exposure to fine particulate matter in Africa under a “baseline” scenario with high material consumption, population growth, and warming to that projected under a sustainability scenario with lower consumption, population growth, and warming. Evaluating the mortality impacts of these exposures, we find that under the low warming scenario annual premature deaths due to PM2.5 are reduced by roughly 515,000 by 2050 relative to the high warming scenario (100,000, 175,000, 55,000, 140,000, and 45,000 in Northern, West, Central, East, and Southern Africa, respectively). This reduction rises to ∼800,000 by the 2090s, though by that time much of the difference is attributable to the projected differences in population. By contrast, during the first half of the century benefits are driven predominantly by emissions changes. Depending on the region, we find large intermodel spreads of ∼25%–50% in projected future exposures owing to different physics across the ensemble of 6 global models. The spread of projected deaths attributable to exposure to fine particulate matter, including uncertainty in the exposure‐response function, are reduced in every region to ∼20%–35% by the non‐linear exposure‐response function. Differences between the scenarios have an even narrower spread of ∼5%–25% and are highly statistically significant in all regions for all models. These results provide valuable information for policy‐makers to consider when working toward climate change mitigation and sustainable development goals.