bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of supplemental branched-chain amino acid-enriched nutrients during endoscopic injection sclerotherapy or endoscopic variceal ligation in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Kikugawa Chihiro , Hiramatsu Akira , Kinami Takahiro , Yamasaki Shintaro , Johira Yusuke , Kosaka Masanari , Yano Shigeki , Amioka Kei , Naruto Kensuke , Ando Yuwa , Yamaoka Kenji , Uchikawa Shinsuke , Fujino Hatsue , Oono Atsushi , Nakahara Takashi , Murakami Eisuke , Yamauchi Masami , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Tsuge Masataka , Imamura Michio , Aikata Hiroshi , Oka Shiro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) and endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) are hallmark treatments for esophageal varices. Protein energy malnutrition can worsen when dietary restrictions are a required part of these treatments for patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplemental branched-chain amino acid-enriched nutrients (BCAA-EN) during EIS or EVL.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed patients with LC who underwent EIS or EVL in our hospital from November 2008 to January 2016. Of the 55 eligible patients, 15 received a restricted diet and the remaining 40 patients received a restricted diet plus supplemental BCAA-EN during EIS or EVL. To reduce selection bias, we used one-to-two propensity score matching; 14 patients were assigned to a control group, and 28 were assigned to a BCAAEN group. Various blood chemistry parameters were measured and compared before and after treatment.
Results
Albumin concentrations in serum declined significantly in the control group but not in the BCAA-EN group. In patients with a Child-Pugh score of 5, albumin in serum did not decrease significantly in either group, although it did decrease in patients with a Child-Pugh score of 6 or more in the control group and was maintained in the BCAA-EN group. Multivariate analysis showed that only supplemental BCAA-EN was associated with the maintenance of albumin in serum.
Conclusions
Supplemental BCAA-EN would be effective in the maintenance of albumin in the serum of patients undergoing EIS or EVL, particularly for patients with advanced liver dysfunction.
More agglomerations, more polarization? Urban development during the last 20 years in China
Authors: Peng Jian , Hu Yi'na , Stuhlmacher Michelle , GEORGESCU Matei , Wang Man , II Billie Turner 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Urban polarization, characterized by differences in city-size distribution, is underway in China, wherein the government aims to promote coordinated development among cities of different sizes based on urban agglomerations. This study explored the spatial-temporal characteristics of urban area expansion of 23 urban agglomerations in China and assess the city-size change within the agglomerations by the urban primacy index and Pareto exponent. The urban area extent within these 23 UAs increased by 280.90% in the study period. Coastal urban agglomerations were larger in size and maintained a relatively high annual growth rate compared to inland agglomerations, indicating a more polarized pattern. Changes within the agglomerations resulted in less polarization given that the urban primacy and Pareto exponent inside most UAs decreased. Policies implemented to achieve enhanced urbanization coordination in China appear to be partially successful, but the polarization process remains hard to break due to the complexities of the process.
Physics assisted machine learning methods for predicting the cracking performance of recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Han Xiangyu , Cui Kai , Xiao Qinghua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The poor cracking performance has become the obstacle for the application of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), but its prediction is hard to implement. In this study, the physics assisted machine learning methods are adopted to predict the cracking performance of RAC. With the assistance of physics, 9 features are effectively selected as the inputting variables, the splitting tensile strength is selected as characterization parameter of cracking. The CART, SVR, Adaboost and Random Forests algorithm are used to construct the predictive models, the Firefly algorithm is used to search the optimum hyperparameters. By comparing the predicted value and experimental data during training and testing procedure, the Adaboost model is proved to be the excellent model for predicting the tensile strength of RAC. Combined with the physical mechanism, the important analysis proves that the contents of recycled aggregates, aggregate size and water contents are three most influential factors for the predictive models, and these factors should be carefully considered during designing the mixture of RAC. Moreover, the reliability of predictive models is verified by physical experiments.
Walrus Optimization Algorithm: A New Bio-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithm
Authors: Trojovský Pavel , Dehghani Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a new bio-Inspired metaheuristic algorithm called Walrus Optimization Algorithm (WaOA) mimics walrus behaviors in nature. The fundamental inspirations employed in WaOA design are the process of feeding, migrating, escaping, and fighting predators. The WaOA implementation steps are mathematically modeled in three different phases exploration, migration, and exploitation. Sixty-eight standard benchmark functions have been employed to evaluate WaOA performance in optimization applications. The ability of WaOA to provide solutions to optimization problems has been compared with the results of ten well-known metaheuristic algorithms. The simulation results show that WaOA, with its high capability in balancing exploration and exploitation, offers superior performance and is far more competitive than the ten compared algorithms. In addition, the use of WaOA in addressing four design engineering issues demonstrates the apparent effectiveness of WaOA in real-world applications.
An experimental study of proton implantation in olivine
Authors: Bissbort Thilo , Jiang Qinting , Becker Hans-Werner , Foteinou Varvara , Chakraborty Sumit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The solar wind is a multi-ion flux that progressively modifies the composition and structure of near-surface domains in atmosphere-less solar objects, like asteroids. A bombardment of the target by different elements like hydrogen (H) at various energies (keV to MeV) causes, among other things, the implantation of solar wind particles in crystalline and amorphous materials. It is important to understand the mechanisms and features of this process (e.g., how much is implanted and retained), in order to constrain its contribution to the chemical budget of solar objects. Yet, there has been no detailed study on H implantation into olivine (e.g., the quantification of maximum retainable H), a major mineral in this context. We performed experiments on H implantation in San Carlos olivine at 10 and 20 keV with increasing fluences (up to 3·1018 at/cm²) to simulate solar wind irradiation. Nanoscale H profiles that result from implantation were analyzed using Nuclear Resonance Reaction Analysis after each implantation to observe the evolution of the H distribution as a function of fluence. We observed that after a systematic growth of the characteristic, approximately Gaussian shaped, H profiles with increasing fluences, a maximum concentration at H ~ 20 at% is attained. The maximum concentration is independent of ion energy, but the maximum penetration depth is a function of beam energy and is greater at higher energies. Based on these observations we were able to constrain the maximum retainable H in olivine as a function of ion energy.
Metaphors of adolescence during COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-method analysis in relation to well-being and alexithymia.
Authors: Farina Eleonora , Pepe Alessandro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the association between alexithymic traits, self-perceived well-being, and self-representations in adolescents as expressed via narrative metaphors during the COVID-19 epidemic. The sample comprised 229 Italian adolescents (51.1% females, mean age = 16.64). The research design was based on an exploratory, parallel, mixed-method approach. A semi-structured online interview was used as the major data gathering tool including both standardized quantitative questionnaire and open-ended questions. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, quantitative textual analysis and multidimensional co-word correspondence analysis. Main findings reveal a general low level of perceived well-being associated with alexithymia, affecting adolescents’ lexical choices for their metaphors. Alexithymia-related low levels of well-being correspond to metaphors in which confusion and overpowering emotions predominate. Vivid pictures indicating vitality and a bright view on the future is often correlated with high levels of well-being. Metaphors emerge as powerful tools for investigating well-being in adolescents since closely related to inner states.
Finger exposure dose and efficacy using radiographic aids and protective gloves
Authors: Iwawaki Atsushi , Otaka Yusei , Ishii Takeru , Ochiai Akihiro , Kito Shinji , Saka Hideki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For X-ray radiography in special circumstances, it is assumed that the detector is retained in the oral cavity, and there are concerns about damaging health effects due to exposure of workers’ fingers in the retained area. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of X-ray radiographic aids (auxiliary tools for radiography) and protective gloves by measuring the dose to hands and fingers when using radiographic aids and protective gloves. By using protective gloves, a significant dose reduction was observed at a maximum of 63% and an average of 61.5%. In addition, since there was no significant difference in the finger exposure dose even if disposable gloves were used as well as protective gloves, it was considered that the risk of exposure prevention and contamination with other samples could be reduced while also reducing the stochastic effect on hand exposure. When the radiographic aid was held at the end and protective gloves were used in combination, the dose was reduced by about 90% as compared to a case in which radiographic aid was held directly in the oral cavity. Based on the results of this study, it is considered that the combined use of radiographic aids and protective gloves is very effective in reducing the hand exposure dose to the operator.
Research on the Influence Path of Digital Technology to Promote Green Transformation under Public Green Concern
Authors: Li Wenchao , Jiang Hongren , Ostic Dragana , He Dan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Using digital technology to promote green transformation has important guiding significance for policy construction and practical promotion of green transformation, but its impact path is unclear. Based on the panel fixed effect model, this paper uses the data of 30 Chinese provinces (Tibet is not included) from 2011 to 2019 to examine the impact of digital technology on green development level and the mediating effect of public green attention on green development level. The results show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between digital technology and green development level. At present, although China’s digital technology directly inhibits the level of green development, it can indirectly enhance the level of green development and help green transformation by enhancing the public’ s attention to green. And in the proposed emphasis on digital technology to guide public opinion to focus on green development, it is necessary to distinguish between the eastern and central and western regions according to different conditions in each region, and then implement different green transformation strategies. Provinces and cities in the eastern region should regard foreign enterprises, private enterprises and state-owned enterprises as the same and jointly assume the responsibility of green development. Provinces and cities in the central and western regions need to further improve infrastructure construction and actively guide green transformation.
The genome-wide allele and haplotype-sharing patterns suggested one unique Hmong- Mein-related lineage in Southwest China
Authors: Wang Jiawen , Yang Lin , Duan Shuhan , Li Youjing , Sun Qiuxia , Wu Jun , Wu Wenxin , Wang Zheng , Liu Yan , Tang Renkuan , Yang Junbao , Liu Chao , Yuan Buhong , Wang Daoyong , Xu Jianwei , Wang Mengge , He Guanglin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Fine-scale genetic structure of ethnolinguistically diverse Chinese populations can fill the gap in the missing diversity and evolutionary landscape of East Asians, especially anthropologically informed Chinese minorities. Hmong-Mien (HM) people were one of the most important indigenous populations from South China and Southeast Asia, which were suggested to be the descendants of the Yangtze rice farmers based on linguistic and archeological evidence. Guizhou Miao, possessing a specific genetic structure, harbored a close genetic relationship with geographically close Guizhou populations and Guangxi historical people. We genotyped genome-wide SNP data in Guizhou HM-speaking populations and merged it with modern and ancient reference populations to explore the evolutionary and adaptive characteristics of Miao people via a comprehensive population genetic analysis.
Results
The overall genetic admixture landscape of Guizhou Miao showed genetic differentiation between them and other linguistically diverse Guizhou populations. Admixture models further confirmed that Miao people derived their primary ancestry from geographically close Guangxi Gaohuahua people. The estimated identity by descent (IBD) and effective population size further confirmed a plausible population bottleneck, contributing to their unique genetic diversity and structure pattern. We finally identified several natural selection candidate genes associated with several biological pathways.
Conclusions
We found Guizhou Miao with a specific genetic structure harbored a close genetic relationship with geographically close Guizhou populations and Guangxi historic people. Miao people derived their major ancestry from geographically close Guangxi Gaohuahua people and a plausible population bottleneck which contributed to the unique pattern of their genetic diversity and structure. Future ancient DNA from Shijiahe and Qujialing would further promote new insights into the origin of the Miao people.
Molecular Docking-Guided Screening of Phytoconstituents from Artemisia princeps as Allosteric Glucokinase Activators
Authors: Rani Jugnu , Jagta Nidhi , Deswal Geeta , Chopra Bhawna , Dhingra Ashwani Kumar , Guarve Kumar , Grewal Ajmer Singh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Glucokinase (GK) occurs in pancreatic β-cells and liver cells. GK plays a crucial role in whole-body glucose homeostasis. GK is often referred to as a glucose sensor in the β-cells. Small molecule GK activators not only reduce fasting and basal blood glucose levels but also improve glucose tolerance.
Objective
The present investigation was proposed to screen some phytoconstituents (from Artemisia princeps) as allosteric activators of the human GK enzyme using in silico molecular docking.
Methods
A library of phytoconstituents reported in Artemisia princeps was evaluated for the prediction of drug-like properties by in silico approach. Molecular docking studies of the phytoconstituents with GK were performed using AutoDock vina in order to explore binding interactions between the phytoconstituents and GK enzyme followed by in silico prediction of toxicity of these phytoconstituents.
Results
The selected phytoconstituents showed good pharmacokinetic parameters for oral bioavailability and drug-likeness as contrived by Lipinski’s rule of five. Four compounds (rutin, 5,4'-dihydroxy-6,7,3'-trimethoxyflavone, daucosterol and methyl commate D) showed appreciable binding interactions with the allosteric site residues of the GK enzyme as per docking results.
Conclusion
These screened phytoconstituents may serve as promising leads for further development of clinically useful and safe allosteric activators of the human GK enzyme.
The Occurrence of a Rainfall-Induced Catastrophic Landslide in a Soil and Rock-Like Stratum in Southwest China
Authors: Jin Leilei , Chen Zhengfeng , Fu Wenxi , Zhou Cheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A rainfall-induced catastrophic landslide occurred at 03:50 local time UTC + 8 on August 21, 2020 in Zhonghaicun (29°20′30″ N, 102°41′40″ E), Hanyuan County, China. Approximately 1.1 million cubic meters of debris failed instantly along the interface between the overlying soil and the Xigeda mudstone, destroying six buildings and causing nine casualties. The Xigeda stratum near the landslide consists of poorly lithified mudstone, which is characterized by weak cementation and unfavorable dip angle. The Xigeda stratum, as a locally distributed special formation in southwest China, is well known for the feature of “being prone to failure”. In this paper, the mineral composition tests and mechanical strength tests were conducted to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and rock-like stratum. In addition, numerical calculations were carried out to analyze the evolution of the Zhonghaicun landslide. The test results show that the Xigeda mudstone is a weakly swelling rock containing a large amount of clay minerals. The water content of the mudstone plays a significant role in its physico-mechanical properties. The heavy rainfall lasting approximately one week caused the water table to rise and the mudstone to soften, which eventually triggered the Zhonghaicun landslide.
3D Annotation and deep learning for cotton plant part segmentation and architectural trait extraction
Authors: Saeed Farah , Sun Shengpeng , Snider John , Liu Tianming , Li Changying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Plant architecture can influence crop yield and quality. Manual extraction of architectural traits is, however, time-consuming, tedious, and error prone. The trait estimation from 3D data allows for highly accurate results with the availability of depth information. The goal of this study was to allow 3D annotation and apply 3D deep learning model using both point and voxel representations of the 3D data to segment cotton plant parts and derive important architectural traits.
Results
The Point Voxel Convolutional Neural Network (PVCNN) combining both point- and voxel-based representations of data shows less time consumption and better segmentation performance than point-based networks. The segmented plants were postprocessed using correction algorithms for the main stem and branch. From the postprocessed results, seven architectural traits were extracted including main stem height, main stem diameter, number of branches, number of nodes, branch inclination angle, branch diameter and number of bolls. Results indicate that the best mIoU (89.12%) and accuracy (96.19%) with average inference time of 0.88 seconds were achieved through PVCNN, compared to Pointnet and Pointnet++. On the seven derived architectural traits from segmented parts, an R2 value of more than 0.8 and mean absolute percentage error of less than 10% were attained.
Conclusion
This plant part segmentation method based on 3D deep learning enables effective and efficient architectural trait measurement from point clouds, which could be useful to advance plant breeding programs and characterization of in-season developmental traits.
Exploring the depth and breadth of the genomics toolbox during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from Aotearoa New Zealand.
Authors: Wiles Siouxsie , Bunce Michael , Geoghegan Jemma L , de Ligt Joep 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Genomic technologies have become routine in the surveillance and monitoring of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as evidenced by the millions of SARS-CoV-2 sequences uploaded to the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID). Yet the ways in which these technologies have been applied to manage the pandemic are varied. Aotearoa New Zealand was one of a small number of countries to adopt an elimination strategy for COVID-19, establishing a hotel-based managed isolation and quarantine system for all international arrivals. To aid our response, we rapidly set up and scaled our use of genomic technologies to help identify community cases of COVID-19, to understand how they had arisen, and to determine the appropriate action to maintain elimination. Once New Zealand pivoted from elimination to suppression as a strategy in late 2021, our genomic response changed to focusing on identifying new variants arriving at the border, tracking their incidence around the country, and examining any links between specific variants and increased disease severity. Here we explore New Zealand's genomic journey through the pandemic and discuss the lessons learned for how we should continue to respond to COVID-19 and how we should prepare for future pandemics.
Time-Reversal Quantum Spin Hall Phase is distinct from the Z2 Topological Insulator
Authors: Wang BaoKai , Zhou Xiaoting , Hung Yi-Chun , Lin Yen-Chuan , Lin Hsin , Bansil Arun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For a time-reversal symmetric system, the quantum spin Hall phase is assumed to be the same as the Z2 topological insulator phase in the existing literature. The spin Chern number Cs is supposed to yield the same topological classification as the Z2 invariant. Here, by investigating the topological electronic structures of monolayer α-phase group V elements, we uncover the presence of a topological phase in α-Sb, which can be characterized by a spin Chern number Cs=2, even though it is Z2 trivial.
Although both being classified as trivial insulators by the existing topological classification schemes, we demonstrate the existence of a phase transition between α-As and Sb, which is induced by band inversions at two generic k points. In the absence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), α-As is a trivial insulator, while α-Sb is a Dirac semimetal with four Dirac points (DPs) located away from the high-symmetry lines. Inclusion of the SOC gaps out the Dirac points and induces a nontrivial Berry curvature, endowing α-Sb with a high spin Chern number of Cs=2. We further show that monolayer α-Sb exhibits either a gapless band structure or a gapless spin spectrum on its edges as expected from topological considerations.