bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of postoperative changes in condylar positions after orthognathic surgery using balanced orthognathic surgery system
Authors: Lee Yong-Chan , Sohn Hong-Bum , Park Young-Wook , Oh Ji-Hyeon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Many studies on maintaining the condyle in a normal or anatomical position during orthognathic surgery have been conducted to stabilize surgical outcomes and prevent iatrogenic temporomandibular joint complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in condylar positions after orthognathic surgery using virtual surgical planning via the balanced orthognathic surgery (BOS) system.

Methods
Postoperative changes in condylar position were retrospectively evaluated in 22 condyles of 11 patients with skeletal class III malocclusion who underwent orthognathic surgery using virtual surgical planning via the BOS system. The center point coordinates of the condylar head before and after orthognathic surgery were analyzed using voxel-based registration.

Results
Changes in the condylar position mainly occurred downward in the y-axis (−1.09 ± 0.62 mm) (P < 0.05). The change in the x-axis (0.02 ± 0.68 mm) and z-axis (0.01 ± 0.48 mm) showed no significant difference between before and after orthognathic surgery.

Conclusion
These results indicate that the changes in the condylar positions after orthognathic surgery using virtual surgical planning via the BOS system mainly occurred downward in the y-axis, with slight changes in the x- and z-axes. The change in the condylar position after orthognathic surgery using the BOS system is clinically acceptable.
Frankly, we do give a damn: improving patient outcomes with swearing
Authors: Washmuth Nicholas B. , Stephens Richard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Words can change the way a patient thinks, feels, and performs. Swearing, or uttering a word that is considered taboo, is an often-ignored part of our language, even though over 50% of the population swears “sometimes” or “often”. If used correctly, within a biopsychosocial approach to care, swearing has the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes.

Discussion
Swearing can create tighter human bonds and enhance the therapeutic alliance between a patient and a physical therapist. Improvements in social pain, physical pain tolerance, and physical pain threshold can occur by strategic swearing by our patients. Even physical performance measures, such as power and force could be enhanced if patients swear.

Conclusion
Although the mechanism by which swearing is effective is unclear, swearing deserves attention in the physical therapy setting based on evidence indicating potential positive effects on patient outcomes.
One-lung ventilation using a laryngeal mask airway and bronchial blocker in a patient with vocal cord cancer: a case report
Authors: Takechi Kenichi , Sanki Yoko , Abe Kei , Shimizu Ichiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
One-lung ventilation is a standard technique for thoracic anesthesia. Usually, one-lung ventilation requires a large-bore tracheal tube. Therefore, in patients with vocal cord morbidity, it is challenging to achieve one-lung ventilation while preventing the damage of vocal cord lesions.

Case presentation
A 77-year-old man was diagnosed with vocal cord cancer and lung tumor. One-lung ventilation with a combination of a laryngeal mask airway and bronchial blocker was planned to avoid unexpected vocal cord injury. After securing the airway with a laryngeal mask airway, a bronchial blocker was placed under fiberscope guidance. The bronchial blocker passed through a position far enough from the vocal cord lesion. The bronchial blocker provided a clear view of the operative field. The patient’s perioperative course was uneventful.

Conclusions
When one-lung ventilation is required for patients with vocal cord lesions, a combination of a laryngeal mask airway and bronchial blocker is considered a good option.
Simulation of tectonic stress field and prediction of tectonic fractures in shale reservoirs: A case study of the Ansai area in the Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Wu Yunfei , Liu Chenglin , Zang Qibiao , Awan Rizwan Sarwar , Li Guoxiong , Wu Yuping , Yang Xiya , Lu Zhendong 
Published: March 2022

The Chang 7 oil-bearing layers from the Ansai area of the Ordos Basin are abundant in oil and gas resources. These layers are chiefly comprised of shales interbedded with tight sandstone. In the regions where the exploration level is relatively low and the structures are gentle in the Ansai area, the distribution of fractures in shale reservoirs and tight sandstone reservoirs is significant for predicting sweet spots and determining the success rate of hydraulic fracturing. In this research, the results acquired from the scanning electron microscope (SEM), cores, thin sections, and image logging determined the developmental characteristics of fractures. Moreover, the Himalayan stress field was modeled using ANSYS, whereas the two-factor method is used to predict the distribution of tectonic fracture by combining stress field and fracture criterion. The results indicate a gradually decreasing trend of the maximum principal stress from east to west. The minimum principal stress in the western part is less than that in the eastern part. The differential stress that can indicate the degree of tectonic deformation ranges from 17 Mpa to 25 MPa. The fracture density ranges from 0 strip/m to 1.5 strip/m. In addition, the areas with more fractures are mainly located in the western and southeastern parts, where shale oil is relatively rich. Similarly, the comparison of different maps illustrates that the distribution of tectonic fracture is related to mechanical parameters and stress fields.
Natural History of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Amplified and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Wild-Type Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in US Clinical Practice
Authors: Schröder Carsten , Gower-Page Craig , Reyes-Rivera Irmarie , Patel Arisha , Price Richard , Sen Shiraj , Davies Jessica , Castellanos Emily , Snider Jeremy , Bai Xiaobo , Fisher Virginia , Mhatre Shivani K. 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE The molecular heterogeneity of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) presents a therapeutic challenge, with few trials focused on patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 amplification (HER2-Amp). Our limited understanding of real-world patterns and outcomes by HER2 status of treatment-refractory patients leaves treatment decisions with little contextual information. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to describe the natural disease history of patients with refractory mCRC using an electronic health record–derived database with oncogenomic information. METHODS We included patients with stage IV or recurrent mCRC diagnosed from January 2011 through December 2019 from a deidentified clinicogenomic database. Patients with ≥ 2 documented clinic visits, ≥ 2 lines of therapy (LOT) after mCRC diagnosis, and comprehensive genomic profiling were eligible. Patient records defined by treatment-refractory LOT were allocated to the HER2-Amp or HER2 wild-type (WT) cohort on the basis of comprehensive genomic profiling. Index date was defined as the start of any treatment-refractory LOT (≥ 2 LOT; patients could contribute multiple records). Descriptive statistics included demographic and clinical characteristics, treatments, laboratory values, and biomarkers. Overall survival (OS) was calculated as time (in months) from the index date until death from any cause and analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methodology. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the primary findings. RESULTS A total of 576 patients were included (1,339 records); 63 (158 records) were HER2-Amp, and 513 (1,181 records) were HER2-WT. Demographics, clinical characteristics, biomarkers, and laboratory values were comparable between HER2 cohorts. OS was similar, with an unadjusted median OS of 11.2 months (95% CI, 8.6 to 15.1) and 9.9 months (95% CI, 8.3 to 10.9) across LOT for HER2-Amp and HER2-WT cohorts, respectively. CONCLUSION This study showed considerable treatment heterogeneity and poor outcomes among patients with treatment-refractory mCRC, emphasizing a substantial unmet therapeutic need.
Role of lncRNA TUG1 in Adenomyosis and its Regulatory Mechanism in Endometrial Epithelial Cell Functions
Authors: Yuan Bo , Wang Wuliang , Zhao Hu , Wang Lijun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveAdenomyosis (AM) is a common gynecological disorder that can cause pelvic pain. The regulatory role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AM progression has been widely reported. This study investigated the effect and mechanism of lncRNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) on endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) in AM.MethodsEndometrial tissues of AM patients and controls were collected. A murine model of AM was established by tamoxifen induction. TUG1 expression in endometrial tissues of AM patients and mice was determined. In vivo, the effect of TUG1 on AM mice was measured through H&E staining, Masson’s staining, uterine weight, and estradiol concentration. EECs isolated from AM patients were transfected with sh-TUG1. In vitro, the effect of TUG1 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis of EECs was evaluated by CCK8, colony formation, immunofluorescence, wound healing, and Transwell assays. The binding relationship among TUG1, E2F4, and KLF5 was confirmed using RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays. A function rescue experiment was designed to verify the effect of KLF5 on EECs.ResultsTUG1 expression was elevated in AM mice and patients. Downregulation of TUG1 promoted the recovery of AM mice. Downregulation of TUG1 suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and angiogenesis of EECs. Mechanically, TUG1 suppressed KLF5 transcription by binding to E2F4. Downregulation of KLF5 reversed the inhibitory effect of TUG1 silencing on the functions of EECs.ConclusionTUG1 expression was elevated in AM, and TUG1 facilitated proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and angiogenesis of EECs via E2F4/KLF5, thereby aggravating AM.
Effect of a Musical Intervention During the Implantation of a Central Venous Catheter or a Dialysis Catheter in the Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Jacquier Sophie , Nay Mai-Anh , Muller Grégoire , Muller Lucie , Mathonnet Armelle , Lefèvre-Benzekri Dalila , Bretagnol Anne , Barbier François , Kamel Toufik , Runge Isabelle , Skarzynski Marie , Sauvage Brice , Boulain Thierry 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
Listening to music may reduce anxiety during medical procedures. However, the magnitude of any effect may differ with respect to patient and procedure. We evaluated the effect of a musical intervention on patient anxiety during a central venous catheter or dialysis catheter implantation in an intensive care unit.

METHODS:
A prospective single-center controlled open-label 2-arm randomized trial was conducted in a medical intensive care unit (ICU) from February 2018 to February 2019. Patients undergoing central venous catheterization were randomized to listening to music or not during the procedure. Patients randomized to music listened to the Music Care application via headphones. The primary outcome was the change in anxiety assessed on a 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale between the beginning and end of the catheterization procedure. Secondary outcomes included postprocedural pain.

RESULTS:
We included 37 patients in the musical intervention group and 35 in the standard care group. The primary reasons for intensive care unit admission were the need for a central catheter for chemotherapy for hematologic malignancy and sepsis and/or septic shock in both groups. Postprocedural anxiety and pain assessments were missing in 1 (2.7%) and 4 (11.4%) patients in the intervention and standard care groups. We found no between-group difference in change in anxiety score: median −1 (interquartile range, −3 to 0) vs 0 (−3 to 0) in the musical intervention and standard care groups (median difference, −1 [−2 to 0]) (P = .24). Postprocedural pain score did not differ between the groups: median 0 (0–2) and 0 (0–3.75) in the musical intervention and standard care groups (median difference, −0 [0–0]) (P = .40). To account for missing outcome assessments, sensitivity analyses were performed using 2 extreme scenarios, one favoring the standard care group (scenario 1) and the other favoring the intervention group (scenario 2). In either scenario, change in anxiety score did not differ between the intervention and standard care groups: −1 (−3 to 0) vs 0 (−4 to 0) (P = .88) in scenario 1 and −1 (−3 to 0) vs 0 (−2.75 to 1) (P = .07) in scenario 2.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this first randomized pilot study of musical intervention for central venous catheterization in awake patients in the intensive care unit, the musical intervention did not reduce patients’ anxiety as compared with usual care.
Identifying a Novel Critical Access Difficulty Factor in Percutaneous Radiofrequency Rhizotomy for Trigeminal Neuralgia: Pterygoid Process Ridge
Authors: Wang Zhengming , Cheng Min , Su Xu , Li Kai , Wang Guan , Gao Yufei , Du Chao , Tian Yu 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
Percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency rhizotomy (PSR) is an ablative procedure for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). The anatomic structures that pass through, or around, the foramen ovale (FO) play vital roles in the success rate of PSR. The presence of a variant pterygoid process ridge (PPR) obscuring the FO renders the cannulation procedure difficult but had not been described in the literature before.

OBJECTIVE:
To identify the variations of the PPR to assess cannulation difficulty.

METHODS:
Fifty seven FOs of 57 patients with TN (TN group) and 438 FOs of 232 patients without TN (non-TN group) were analyzed using 3-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction images of cranial bases. Three-dimensional printer models were also used for TN patients with PPR-obscured FOs. Measurements were obtained for shape, size, and morphometric variability effect on cannulation.

RESULTS:
We identified 5 PPR-obscured FOs (8.8%) in the TN group and 32 FOs (7.3%) in the non-TN group. In the TN group, the transverse diameter obstruction ranged from 19.2% to 39.7% in 4 patients, and 1 case was 100%. Of particular note, approximately one-quarter to one-third of FO preset targets were affected by PPR.

CONCLUSION:
A PPR-obscured FO represents a new confounding factor in the conduct of PSR. Confirming the PPR-obscured FO is a critical step in improving the effectiveness of puncture target presetting, ie, evaluating the target with actual FO data is an improvement over the use of surgical view FO data. Discernment of the PPR can improve the success rate of difficult-to-access FO punctures, thereby rendering PSR more effective.
Regenerating vascular mural cells in zebrafish fin blood vessels are not derived from pre-existing mural cells and differentially require Pdgfrb signalling for their development
Authors: Leonard Elvin V. , Figueroa Ricardo J. , Bussmann Jeroen , Lawson Nathan D. , Amigo Julio D. , Siekmann Arndt F. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Vascular networks comprise endothelial cells and mural cells, which include pericytes and smooth muscle cells. To elucidate the mechanisms controlling mural cell recruitment during development and tissue regeneration, we studied zebrafish caudal fin arteries. Mural cells colonizing arteries proximal to the body wrapped around them, whereas those in more distal regions extended protrusions along the proximo-distal vascular axis. Both cell populations expressed platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (pdgfrb) and the smooth muscle cell marker myosin heavy chain 11a (myh11a). Most wrapping cells in proximal locations additionally expressed actin alpha2, smooth muscle (acta2). Loss of Pdgfrb signalling specifically decreased mural cell numbers at the vascular front. Using lineage tracing, we demonstrate that precursor cells located in periarterial regions and expressing Pgdfrb can give rise to mural cells. Studying tissue regeneration, we did not find evidence that newly formed mural cells were derived from pre-existing cells. Together, our findings reveal conserved roles for Pdgfrb signalling in development and regeneration, and suggest a limited capacity of mural cells to self-renew or contribute to other cell types during tissue regeneration.
The Blimp-1 transcription factor acts in non-neuronal cells to regulate terminal differentiation of the Drosophila eye
Authors: Wang Hongsu , Morrison Carolyn A. , Ghosh Neha , Tea Joy S. , Call Gerald B. , Treisman Jessica E. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The formation of a functional organ such as the eye requires specification of the correct cell types and their terminal differentiation into cells with the appropriate morphologies and functions. Here, we show that the zinc-finger transcription factor Blimp-1 acts in secondary and tertiary pigment cells in the Drosophila retina to promote the formation of a bi-convex corneal lens with normal refractive power, and in cone cells to enable complete extension of the photoreceptor rhabdomeres. Blimp-1 expression depends on the hormone ecdysone, and loss of ecdysone signaling causes similar differentiation defects. Timely termination of Blimp-1 expression is also important, as its overexpression in the eye has deleterious effects. Our transcriptomic analysis revealed that Blimp-1 regulates the expression of many structural and secreted proteins in the retina. Blimp-1 may function in part by repressing another transcription factor; Slow border cells is highly upregulated in the absence of Blimp-1, and its overexpression reproduces many of the effects of removing Blimp-1. This work provides insight into the transcriptional networks and cellular interactions that produce the structures necessary for visual function.
Establishment and characterization of equine mammary organoids using a method translatable to other non-traditional model species
Authors: Bartlett Arianna P. , Harman Rebecca M. , Weiss Jennifer R. , Van de Walle Gerlinde R. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Mammary organoid (MaO) models are only available for a few traditional model organisms, limiting our ability to investigate mammary gland development and cancer across mammals. This study established equine mammary organoids (EqMaOs) from cryopreserved mammary tissue, in which mammary tissue fragments were isolated and embedded into a 3D matrix to produce EqMaOs. We evaluated viability, proliferation and budding capacity of EqMaOs at different time points during culture, showing that although the number of proliferative cells decreased over time, viability was maintained and budding increased. We further characterized EqMaOs based on expression of stem cell, myoepithelial and luminal markers, and found that EqMaOs expressed these markers throughout culture and that a bilayered structure as seen in vivo was recapitulated. We used the milk-stimulating hormone prolactin to induce milk production, which was verified by the upregulation of milk proteins, most notably β-casein. Additionally, we showed that our method is also applicable to additional non-traditional mammalian species, particularly domesticated animals such as cats, pigs and rabbits. Collectively, MaO models across species will be a useful tool for comparative developmental and cancer studies.
Platelet-derived microvesicles regulate vascular smooth muscle cell energy metabolism via PRKAA after intimal injury
Authors: Yan Jing , Fan Yang-Jing , Bao Han , Li Yong-Guang , Zhang Shou-Min , Yao Qing-Ping , Huo Yun-Long , Jiang Zong-Lai , Qi Ying-Xin , Han Yue 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Vascular intimal injury initiates various cardiovascular disease processes. Exposure to subendothelial collagen can cause platelet activation, leading to collagen-activated platelet-derived microvesicles (aPMVs) secretion. In addition, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exposed to large amounts of aPMVs undergo abnormal energy metabolism; they proliferate excessively and migrate after the loss of endothelium, eventually contributing to neointimal hyperplasia. However, the roles of aPMVs in VSMC energy metabolism are still unknown. Our carotid artery intimal injury model indicated that platelets adhered to injured blood vessels. In vitro, phosphorylated Pka (cAMP-dependent protein kinase) content was increased in aPMVs. We also found that aPMVs significantly reduced VSMC glycolysis and increased oxidative phosphorylation, and promoted VSMC migration and proliferation by upregulating phosphorylated PRKAA (α catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase) and phosphorylated FoxO1. Compound C, an inhibitor of PRKAA, effectively reversed the enhancement of cellular function and energy metabolism triggered by aPMVs in vitro and neointimal formation in vivo. We show that aPMVs can affect VSMC energy metabolism through the Pka-PRKAA-FoxO1 signaling pathway and this ultimately affects VSMC function, indicating that the shift in VSMC metabolic phenotype by aPMVs can be considered a potential target for the inhibition of hyperplasia. This provides a new perspective for regulating the abnormal activity of VSMCs after injury.
Typhoid diagnosis and associated prevailing drug resistance in Mbale city, Uganda
Authors: GIDUDU SAMUEL , Nakavuma Jesca , Muhanguzi Dennis , Mutebi Francis , Itabangi Herbert , Iramiot Jacob 
Published: March 2022

Background: The study aimed at determining the predictive values of Widal’s test against culture and the antimicrobial sensitivity profile of Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) isolates from patients attending private health facilities in Mbale city, Uganda. Methods: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study in which 172 participants were recruited. Blood and stool samples collected were cultured; and to each stool sample the following tests were done; Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD), Salmonella Shigella agar (SSA), and MacConkey. Isolates suggestive for S. typhi were examined with triple sugar iron (TSI) and SIM (Sulphur, indole, and motile) and antibiotic sensitivity test (Ciprofloxacin, Imipenem, Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol and Augmentin for sensitivity testing) conducted with Mueller Hinton respectively. Generated data was entered into the Epidemiological information (Epi Info) software (version 7) and analyzed using the contingency table to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and the negative predictive value. The analysis was then presented in form of graphs and tables. Results: The positive predictive value (PPV) for Widal’s test was 6.8% while the negative predictive value (NPV) was 100%. Three isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (3, 100%) and Imipenem (3, 100%), intermediate to Ceftriaxone (2, 67%) and resistant to Chloramphenicol (2, 67%) and Augmentin (2, 67%). Conclusion: In comparison with culture, Widal’s test is highly sensitive (100%) with a low specificity of 76% and PPV (6.8%) and NPV (100%). It should therefore be followed up with a more specific confirmatory test. S. typhi was highly sensitive to both Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem; and resistant Chloramphenicol and Augmentin.