bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioactive Iridium Nanoclusters with Glutathione Depletion Ability for Enhanced Sonodynamic‐Triggered Ferroptosis‐Like Cancer Cell Death
Authors: Nie Tongtong , Zou Weijuan , Meng Zheying , Wang Longchen , Ying Tao , Cai Xiaojun , Wu Jianrong , Zheng Yuanyi , Hu Bing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFerroptosis is a regulated form of necrotic cell death that involves the accumulation of lipid peroxide (LPO) species in an iron‐ and reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐dependent manner. Previous investigations have reported that ferroptosis‐based cancer therapy can overcome the limitations of traditional therapeutics targeting the apoptosis pathway. However, it is still challenging to enhance the antitumor efficacy of ferroptosis due to intrinsic cellular regulation. In this study, a ferroptosis‐inducing agent, i.e., chlorin e6 (Ce6)‐conjugated human serum albumin–iridium oxide (HSA‐Ce6‐IrO2, HCIr) nanoclusters, is developed to achieve sonodynamic therapy (SDT)‐triggered ferroptosis‐like cancer cell death. The sonosensitizing role of both Ce6 and IrO2 within the HCIr nanoclusters exhibits highly efficient 1O2 generation capacity upon ultrasound stimulation, which promotes the accumulation of LPO and subsequently induces ferroptosis. Meanwhile, the HCIr can deplete glutathione (GSH) by accelerating Ir (IV)–Ir (III) transition, which further suppresses the activity of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) to enhance the ferroptosis efficacy. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, it is demonstrated that HCIr possesses tremendous capacity to reduce the intracellular GSH content, which enhances SDT‐triggered ferroptosis‐like cancer cell death. Thus, an iridium‐nanoclusters‐based ferroptosis‐inducing agent is developed, providing a promising strategy for inducing ferroptosis‐like cancer cell death.
Tuning the Dynamics of Viral‐Factories‐Inspired Compartments Formed by Peptide–RNA Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation
Authors: Katzir Itai , Haimov Elvira , Lampel Ayala 
Published: September 2022

AbstractViral factories are intracellular microcompartments formed by mammalian viruses in their host cells, and contain necessary machinery for viral genome replication, capsid assembly, and maturation, thus serving as “factories” for formation of new viral particles. Recent evidence suggests that these compartments are formed by liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of viral proteins and nucleic acids and present dynamic properties. In this work, inspired by the remarkable functionalities of viral factories, dynamic compartments that are formed by complexation between a minimalistic, disordered peptide and RNA are designed. By systematic studies using sequence variants it is shown that the material properties of the compartments can be modulated by changes to the peptide sequence, at the single amino acid level. Moreover, by taking this approach to the next step, liquid compartments with light‐induced tunable dynamics are developed. The results demonstrate that the material properties of liquid droplets can be temporally regulated by increasing peptide polarity and charge, and that these changes can be further utilized for controlled partitioning and release of payloads from the compartments.
NiO–Co3O4–rGO as a Multicomponent Transition Metal Oxide Nanocatalyst for Ultra‐level Detection of Nitrite in Beef and Tap Water Samples
Authors: Askari Nahid , Baghizadeh Amin , Beheshti‐Marnani Amirkhosro , Askari Mohammad Bagher , Di Bartolomeo Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe detection of nitrite as a challenging compound in food industries has always been a necessity. To this purpose, herein, two transition metal oxide‐based nanocatalysts, NiO–Co3O4 (NC) and its reduced graphene hybridized form, NiO–Co3O4–rGO (NCR), are synthesized by a hydrothermal method and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDAX) mapping. The synthesized materials are exploited to modify a glassy carbon electrode and fabricate an effective sensor for nitrite detection in real samples through differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). NCR shows excellent sensitivity (40.44 µA per dec), very low limit of detection (20 × 10‐9 m), significant accuracy, and good stability at the wide range of nitrite ions (100–500 × 10‐9 m) in real samples.
Charge Distribution Controls On‐Target Separation of Low Nucleophilicity Anions in Layered Double Hydroxides
Authors: Sudare Tomohito , Tamura Shuhei , Kashiwazaki Maru , Nakamura Yuki , Kawaguchi Kenta , Shiiba Hiromasa , Fujisawa Kazunori , Tipplook Mongkol , Tanaka Hideki , Hayashi Fumitaka , Teshima Katsuya 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHost–guest chemistry principles and mechanisms have been exploited to separate harmful and valuable ionic species. However, separating low nucleophilicity anions using these protocols is difficult due to weak host–guest interactions. Herein, using layered double hydroxides (LDHs), it is demonstrated that guest–guest interactions considerably influence the separation of a low nucleophilicity nitrate. LDHs exhibit considerably low nitrate ion storage capacities due to the co‐precipitation synthesis method. Hence, a topochemical reaction is applied to control the cation arrangement in the LDHs. Structural analyses determine that a hexagonal cation arrangement is facilitated. Isotherm analysis reveals that the obtained LDHs improve the capacity up to 250% of that of typical less‐ordered LDHs. Finally, further isotherm analysis in combination with theoretical calculations, it is revealed that the hexagonal arrangement effectively facilitates a stable guest–guest interactions—hydrogen‐bond between the interlayer nitrate ions and water molecules, which contributes to high ion‐storage.
The Emergence of Reversible–Deactivation Radical Polymerization in 3D Printing
Authors: Bobrin Valentin A. , Zhang Jin , Corrigan Nathaniel , Boyer Cyrille 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe majority of materials 3D printed using vat photopolymerization techniques are prepared by uncontrolled polymerization methods and cannot be easily modified to introduce additional functionality; these materials can be considered as effectively “dead” materials. Fortunately, a suite of photocontrolled reversible–deactivation radical polymerization (photoRDRP) techniques is recently implemented in 3D printing. In addition to their fast polymerization rate and oxygen tolerance, the high livingness imparted by photoRDRP methods is beginning to disrupt the field of 3D printing by providing access to materials with advanced properties, including on‐demand editing of surface and bulk properties, self‐healing, and control over nanostructuration and mechanical properties. This mini‐review analyzes the development of photoRDRP techniques in the field of photoinduced 3D printing with an emphasis on the advanced and highly tailorable materials possible through these techniques.
Photoaligned Chiral Liquid Crystal Grating with Hysteresis Switching
Authors: Nys Inge , Berteloot Brecht , Neyts Kristiaan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMetastable topological states are known to arise when chiral liquid crystal (CLC) is infiltrated in a geometry with strong confinement. This study demonstrates an alternative approach to obtain multistable states, by combining patterned surface anchoring with CLC in a less confined geometry. Long pitch CLC is introduced between two 1D periodically rotating anchoring patterns at the top and bottom substrate with perpendicular rotation direction. Voltage‐induced switching is observed by polarizing optical microscopy and diffraction measurements. For some voltages two different stable topological states appear and electrical switching between these two states occurs via a hysteresis loop. The chirality in the LC material induces the formation of a new topological state at low voltages, which is not observed in nonchiral LC cells with the same anchoring configuration. Hysteresis switching between different optical states may find applications in low‐power devices with internal memory.
Sulfur Reduction Reaction in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Mechanisms, Catalysts, and Characterization
Authors: Zhou Lei , Danilov Dmitri L. , Qiao Fen , Wang Junfeng , Li Haitao , Eichel Rüdiger‐A. , Notten Peter H. L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries are one of the most promising alternatives for advanced battery systems due to the merits of extraordinary theoretical specific energy density, abundant resources, environmental friendliness, and high safety. However, the sluggish sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) kinetics results in poor sulfur utilization, which seriously hampers the electrochemical performance of Li–S batteries. It is critical to reveal the underlying reaction mechanisms and accelerate the SRR kinetics. Herein, the critical issues of SRR in Li–S batteries are reviewed. The conversion mechanisms and reaction pathways of sulfur reduction are initially introduced to give an overview of the SRR. Subsequently, recent advances in catalyst materials that can accelerate the SRR kinetics are summarized in detail, including carbon, metal compounds, metals, and single atoms. Besides, various characterization approaches for SRR are discussed, which can be divided into three categories: electrochemical measurements, spectroscopic techniques, and theoretical calculations. Finally, the conclusion and outlook part gives a summary and proposes several key points for future investigations on the mechanisms of the SRR and catalyst activities. This review can provide cutting‐edge insights into the SRR in Li–S batteries.
Super‐Fast and Super‐Long‐Life Rechargeable Zinc Battery
Authors: Khodayar Navid , Noori Abolhassan , Rahmanifar Mohammad S. , Shabangoli Yasin , Baghervand Afshin , El‐Kady Maher F. , Hassani Nasim , Chang Xueying , Neek‐Amal Mehdi , Kaner Richard B. , Mousavi Mir F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite their low cost, safety, environmentally friendliness, and intrinsic non‐flammable nature, the widespread application of aqueous rechargeable zinc‐based batteries has been held back by their low coulombic efficiency and the notorious dendritic growth at the zinc‐based anodes, along with the fast capacity fading of the cathodes. Herein, an aqueous Zn superbattery that consists of a mixed ZnCO3 MnCO3 grafted onto a graphene aerogel (ZMG) negative electrode and a nanotubular sulfidated NiCoFe layered double hydroxide (LDHS) positive electrode is reported. The alkaline ZMG││LDHS superbattery delivers an excellent capacity and a superb rate capability (356 mA h g−1cathode (89 mA h g−1total mass) at 12 A g−1; 108 mA h g−1cathode at 300 A g−1), extremely high specific energy and power (568 W h kg−1cathode or 15.8 mW h cm−3, 429 kW kg−1cathode or 11.9 W cm−3), along with a high output voltage (1.8 V). The device also exhibits unprecedented cycling stability (99.2% capacity retention after 17,000 cycles at 100% depth of discharge) thanks to an electrochemical pulse‐driven regenerative mechanism.
A multicenter cohort study on mapping of lymph node metastasis for splenic flexural colon cancer
Authors: Watanabe Jun , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Suwa Hirokazu , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Ishihara Soichiro , Shinto Eiji , Ozawa Heita , Suto Takeshi , Kawamura Junichiro , Fujita Fumihiko , Itabashi Michio , Ohue Masayuki , Ike Hideyuki , Sugihara Kenichi ,   The Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThere have been no reports of searching for metastases to lymph nodes along the accessory middle colic artery (aMCA). The aim of this study was to investigate the metastasis rate of the aMCA for splenic flexural colon cancer.MethodsPatients with histologically proven colon carcinoma located in the splenic flexure, clinically diagnosed as stage I‐III were eligible for this study. Patients were retrospectively and prospectively enrolled. The primary endpoint was frequency of lymph node metastasis to the aMCA (station 222‐acc and 223‐acc). The secondary endpoint was the frequency of lymph node metastasis to the middle colic artery (MCA) (station 222‐lt and 223) and left colic artery (LCA) (station 232 and 253).ResultsBetween January 2013 and February 2021, a total of 153 consecutive patients were enrolled. The location of the tumor was 58% in the transverse colon and 42% in the descending colon. Lymph node metastases were observed in 49 cases (32%). The presence of aMCA rate was 41.8% (64 cases). The metastasis rates of stations 221, 222‐lt, and 223 were 20.0%, 1.6%, and 0%, and stations 231, 232, and 253 were 21.4%, 1.0%, and 0%, respectively. The metastasis rates of stations 222‐acc and 223‐acc were 6.3% (95% confidence interval: 1.7%‐15.2%) and 3.7% (95% confidence interval: 0.1%‐19%), respectively.ConclusionsThis study identified the distribution of lymph node metastases from splenic flexural colon cancer. If the aMCA is present, this vessel should be targeted for dissection, taking into account the frequency of lymph node metastasis.
Newborn screening and the recommended uniform screening panel: Optimal submissions and suggested improvements based on an advocacy organization's decade‐long experience
Authors: Ellinwood N. Matthew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe National MPS Society, Inc., founded in 1974, is a rare disease advocacy non‐profit with a tripartite mission addressing the needs of the mucopolysaccharidosis and mucolipidosis communities through advocacy, research, and family and patient support. The Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) of conditions for newborn screening (NBS), legislatively mandated in 2008, was implemented in 2010 by the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HSS), through the adoption of 29 core conditions. Since its inception the RUSP has grown to 35 core conditions. Each addition followed a defined nomination process that has itself undergone further definition over time. Since the adoption of the RUSP, the Society has nominated two conditions that have been approved by the Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Children and Newborns (ACHDNC) and forwarded to the Secretary of HSS for inclusion on the RUSP. This history places the Society in a position to reflect on the process of successfully nominating conditions. Additionally, the Society is well placed by this experience to provide observations on the RUSP process. We will highlight best practices for pending and future nominations and reflect on potential improvements to the process and infrastructure of NBS, the RUSP, and the ACHDNC.
Regional Precuneus Cortical Hyperexcitability in Alzheimer's Disease Patients
Authors: Casula Elias P. , Borghi Ilaria , Maiella Michele , Pellicciari Maria C. , Bonnì Sonia , Mencarelli Lucia , Assogna Martina , D'Acunto Alessia , Di Lorenzo Francesco , Spampinato Danny A. , Santarnecchi Emiliano , Martorana Alessandro , Koch Giacomo 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveNeuronal excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalance is a potential cause of neuronal network malfunctioning in Alzheimer's disease (AD), contributing to cognitive dysfunction. Here, we used a novel approach combining transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) to probe cortical excitability in different brain areas known to be directly involved in AD pathology.MethodsWe performed TMS‐EEG recordings targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l‐DLPFC), the left posterior parietal cortex (l‐PPC), and the precuneus (PC) in a large sample of patients with mild‐to‐moderate AD (n = 65) that were compared with a group of age‐matched healthy controls (n = 21).ResultsWe found that patients with AD are characterized by a regional cortical hyperexcitability in the PC and, to some extent, in the frontal lobe, as measured by TMS‐evoked potentials. Notably, cortical excitability assessed over the l‐PPC was comparable between the 2 groups. Furthermore, we found that the individual level of PC excitability was associated with the level of cognitive impairment, as measured with Mini‐Mental State Examination, and with corticospinal fluid levels of Aβ42.InterpretationOur data provide novel evidence that precuneus cortical hyperexcitability is a key feature of synaptic dysfunction in patients with AD. The current results point to the combined approach of TMS and EEG as a novel promising technique to measure hyperexcitability in patients with AD. This index could represent a useful biomarker to stage disease severity and evaluate response to novel therapies. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:371–383
Zero Acceleration and Non‐Self‐Healing Airy Beam Propagation near a Black Hole
Authors: Tian Ke , Ding Weifeng , Wang Zhaoying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an analytical expression of Airy beams near a black hole is derived by general relativity concepts. This paper demonstrates the self‐acceleration and the self‐healing properties of Airy beams near a black hole with different Schwarzschild radii. It shows, during transmission, that the equivalent acceleration near a black hole decreases to a minimum negative value, then increases and eventually approaches zero. After propagating a certain distance, the trajectories of Airy beams approaching a black hole may no longer travel along parabolas, but rather almost straight lines due to the existence of the strong gravitational field. The shapes of the wave structure of Airy beams remain unvarying during the transmission, which indicates that the nondiffraction characteristic is still present. Moreover, the self‐healing property of Airy beams near a black hole gradually disappears with the increase of the strength of the gravitational field, because the energy flow to the major lobe is prevented by the gravitational field of the black hole. These intriguing features may open new prospects in the fields of nanophotonic optics, relativistic effects, transformation optics, and so on.
Influence of rotation speed on abrasive wear behavior of the UHMWPE in lubrication environment
Authors: Sun Weihao , Zhou Qin , Zhang Kai , Qin Kun , Yuan Tongxin , Zhou Ziyi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo better understand the damage failure mechanism of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in engineering application environments, a study was conducted to explore the effect of rotation speed on its abrasive wear performance in lubricant media containing abrasive particles, especially in comparison to the water. The wear mechanism was analyzed by friction coefficient and wear behavior. The results show that UHMWPE has excellent tribological properties in the water and is seriously worn in the abrasive environment. Under the condition of abrasive wear, there exists a critical rotation speed (360 r/min) leading to a shift in the wear mechanism of UHMWPE and obtaining the lowest wear rate of about 8.49 × 10−6 mm3/N•m. At below critical rotation speed, three‐body abrasive wear and adhesive wear mainly occur in UHMWPE; And at above critical rotation speed, the wear mechanism is mainly the plowing effect of particles on the material, and the furrow width can reach 40 μm. It is believed that this study can help to improve the understanding of the wear mechanism of UHMWPE, which can support the enhancement modification of the material and the application in complex environment.
Electron microscopic analysis in the gecko Lygodactylus reveals variations in micro‐ornamentation and sensory organs distribution in the epidermis that indicate regional functions
Authors: Bonfitto Antonio , Bussinello Davide , Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPossible pattern variations of micro‐ornamentation in different areas of the skin in the gecko Lygodactylus have been analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. A map of micro‐ornamentation present in various areas of the skin has been obtained. Differences in micro‐ornamentation pattern and sensory organ distribution were detected. The “spinulated pattern” consists of shorter spinulae in dorsal versus ventral scales, and spinules are shorter in inner scale surface and hinge regions with respect to the outer scale surface. The spines derive from the accumulation of struts of corneous material mainly composed of corneous beta proteins (CBPs, formerly indicated as beta‐keratins) that merge into pointed micro‐ornamentation. The 3D‐accumulation of CBPs within Oberhautchen cells can vary in some regions of different scales during Oberhautchen‐beta cell differentiation, perhaps also under physical tensile forces derived from continuous scale growth. Three other main patterns of micro‐ornamentation were detected and indicated as “corneous belts,” “corneous dendritic ramification,” and “serpentine‐pit and groove.” These variations from the typical spinulated pattern present in gecko epidermis are interpreted as transitional regions where the accumulation of corneous material in Oberhautchen cells that merges with underlying beta‐cells gives rise to nonspinulated surfaces. Spinulated sensory organs with bristles and lenticular‐shaped or knob‐like tactile corpuscles are more numerous in ventral scales of the tail tip close to adhesive pads and near the digital pads. These regions are likely those most involved in the fine control of movements and response to vibrational stimuli derived from air and objects movements, including potential preys or predators.
Regional archaeological underwater survey method: Applications and implications
Authors: Hu Yi , Liu Yipang , Ding Jianxiang , Liu Boran , Chu Zhongxin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderwater cultural heritage (UCH) contributes to history, the arts, the economy and science. The number of intact and easily discoverable UCH sites is decreasing due to excavation in China. To conduct active surveys for mapping archaeological sites, rather than mapping based only on incidental reported finds from fishing operations, a regional archaeological underwater survey method is proposed according to independent geographical units and historical archives. This method is based on the approach used for systematic regional archaeological surveys on land and comprehensively examines similar survey examples. Old port districts, sea routes, fishing zones and naval battle areas are potential targets for this method. From 2012 to 2017, the survey method performed well when applied in the Haitan Strait, China, discovering intact sites, fragmented shipwrecks and numerous interfering objects. The method needs further refinement to eliminate interference and to obtain more detailed information about UCH. The main steps in this method include the selection of potential wreck site areas, the use of sequential equipment and survey line design. Cooperation between archaeologists and surveyors is essential.