bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A dedicated antenatal clinic for pregnant women with morbid and super‐obesity: Patient characteristics, outcomes, perceptions and lessons learnt from establishing the DIAMOND clinic
Authors: Tyson Kate , Teale Glyn , Vasilevski Vidanka , Cassells Kahli , Sweet Linda 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe DIAMOND antenatal clinic was established to provide multidisciplinary continuity of care to pregnant women living with morbid (body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2) or super‐obesity (BMI ≥50 kg/m2).AimThe aim was to describe clinic processes, demographics, clinical outcomes and women's perceptions of the clinic.MethodsWomen who received antenatal care in the clinic between 2016 and 2019 (n = 257) had routine data collected for retrospective analysis. A patient satisfaction survey was conducted for women who received care in 2019 (n = 89).ResultsThe median BMI was 49 kg/m2 (max = 81 kg/m2). The mean age was 32 years. The largest proportion of women (27.6%) resided in the most disadvantaged suburbs of the region. Primipara comprised 29.6%, and 4.7% of women identified as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. Diabetes was present in 47.5%, and 9.3% developed pre‐eclampsia. Half (49.4%) had their labour induced (49.8% required cervical ripening), and 37% had an elective caesarean section. Almost a quarter (24.1%) of women underwent emergency caesarean section. One in six women had a measured blood loss of more than 1000 mL. The unadjusted stillbirth rate was 0.8%. Blood transfusions were required by 3.9%, and 1.9% of women required intensive care admission. Survey responses showed women valued the clinic for the enhanced surveillance, continuity, care coordination and respectful care. Improvements to waiting times were recommended.ConclusionsEstablishing a dedicated clinic for women living with high BMI provides a well‐liked environment for a high‐risk cohort of women. Our review identified opportunities for improvement in clinic processes. We plan to assess overall impact on perinatal outcomes.
Relational flexibility
Authors: SRIVASTAVA SANJAY 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTSince the 1990s, training programs for service‐sector jobs have proliferated in India. Frequently referred to as “skills training,” these programs aim to overcome the perceived cultural and professional “deficiencies” of youth from the poorest sections of society. They focus on “soft skills” and “personality development,” teaching body etiquette, time discipline, and emotional control; introducing students to “global” cuisine and commodities; and developing English‐language skills. How do the students in these programs make sense of attempts to train them in new dispositions? An ethnography of Indian skills training finds that capitalism's most marginal subjects creatively engage with its possibilities, in ways unaccounted for in arguments about the making of “neoliberal subjectivity.” For contexts like this—in which neoliberal processes may not necessarily produce neoliberal subjects—a more productive account is found in anthropological writings on split and partitioned selves as deliberate acts of self‐making. Among Indian skills trainees, this may be conceptualized as “relational flexibility.” [skilling,soft skills,personality development,youth,selfhood,neoliberalism,work,India]
Efficacy and safety of brolucizumab in age‐related macular degeneration: A systematic review of real‐world studies
Authors: Baumal Caroline R. , Sørensen Torben Lykke , Karcher Helene , Freitas Rita L. , Becher Anja , Balez Sébastien , Clemens Andreas , Singer Michael , Kodjikian Laurent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntravitreally injected anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (anti‐VEGF) agents are first‐line treatment for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD). Phase 3 trials demonstrated non‐inferiority of anti‐VEGF therapy with brolucizumab compared with aflibercept in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) gains, with superior anatomical outcomes after brolucizumab. The purpose of the review was to summarize real‐world efficacy and safety data on brolucizumab in patients with nAMD. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021290530). We conducted systematic searches in Embase, Medline and key ophthalmology congress websites (19 October 2021). Original reports of efficacy and/or safety in patients receiving brolucizumab to treat nAMD in clinical practice were eligible. The descriptive summary includes reports describing at least 10 brolucizumab‐treated eyes. In total, 2907 brolucizumab‐treated eyes from 26 studies were included. Outcomes were available for treatment‐naive eyes (six studies), eyes switched to brolucizumab from other anti‐VEGFs (16 studies), and/or treatment‐naive and switch eyes combined (eight studies). Follow‐up time points ranged from 4 weeks to 1 year post‐brolucizumab initiation. For BCVA, significant improvements compared with brolucizumab initiation were reported in four of six studies in treatment‐naive eyes (mean BCVA improvement, range: +3.7 to +11.9 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study [ETDRS] letters) and in three of 12 studies in switch eyes (range: +9.0 to +15 ETDRS letters) (all p < 0.05); remaining studies reported no significant post‐brolucizumab BCVA changes. For central subfield thickness (CST), improvements post‐brolucizumab initiation were reported in all six studies in treatment‐naive eyes (mean CST improvement, range: −113.4 to −150.1 μm) and in eight of 11 studies in switch eyes (range: −26 to −185.7 μm) (all p < 0.05). The 14 studies reporting on intraretinal, subretinal and/or total fluid observed improvements post‐brolucizumab initiation. The four studies comparing treatment intervals observed extension of the interval between injections after switching to brolucizumab from other anti‐VEGFs. Incidence of intraocular inflammation ranged from 0% to 19%. In conclusion, real‐world efficacy and safety data concur with brolucizumab pivotal trials. Additionally, reduction of disease activity in anti‐VEGF switch eyes was demonstrated by fluid reduction and/or visual acuity gain, along with prolongation of the interval between injections.
Vascular thrombotic events in the era of modern myeloma therapy
Authors: Mai Elias Karl 
Published: September 2022

The treatment landscape in multiple myeloma (MM) has changed drastically in the past two decades with new treatment paradigms evolving. In this issue Sborov et al. provide the first study investigating the frequency, severity, onset of vascular thrombotic events (VTEs) and use of prophylactic therapies in a trial applying a contemporary myeloma treatment protocol and highlight that prevention of VTEs needs to be revisited in the era of modern myeloma treatment.Commentary on: Sborov et al. Daratumumab plus lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: Analysis of vascular thrombotic events in the GRIFFIN study. Br J Haematol. 2022;199:355–365.
Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant in patients with relapsed/refractory anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Authors: Furqan Fateeha , Ahn Kwang W. , Chen Yue , Kaur Manmeet , Abutalib Syed A. , Ahmed Nausheen , Ahmed Sairah , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed A. , Friedberg Johnathan , Gregory Tara , Hill LaQuisa , Sterling Cole , Barta Stephan K. , Shadman Mazyar , Perales Miguel‐Angel , Zain Jasmine , Herrera Alex F. , Sauter Craig , Hamadani Mehdi 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe prognosis of relapsed/refractory (R/R) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is poor. Large studies evaluating outcomes of allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) in systemic R/R ALCL are not available. Using the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) database, we evaluated outcomes of 182 adults (aged ≥18 years) with R/R ALCL undergoing allo‐HCT between 2008 and 2019. Non‐relapse mortality (NRM), disease relapse/progression (REL), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were modelled using Cox proportional hazards models. The median (range) follow‐up of survivors was 62 (3–148) months. The 1‐year NRM was 18%. The 5‐year REL, PFS and OS were 32%, 41% and 56% respectively. On multivariable regression analysis African American race (hazard ratio [HR] 2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6–4.8; p < 0.001) and refractory disease at allo‐HCT (HR 3.2, 95% CI 1.6–6.2; p < 0.001) were predictive of inferior OS. Similarly, African‐American race (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3–3.4; p = 0.003), other minority race (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2–5.3; p = 0.02) and refractory disease (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–4.3; p = 0.01) were predictive of inferior PFS. These data, demonstrate that allo‐HCT can result in durable disease control in a sizable proportion of patients with R/R ALCL. Refractory disease and racial minority status predicted inferior allo‐HCT outcomes. Whether the inferior outcomes of racial minorities with R/R ALCL after allo‐HCT are driven by differences in disease biology or disparities in post allo‐HCT care, or both, requires further investigation.
Transfer effects from language processing to visual attention dynamics: The impact of orthographic transparency
Authors: Iniesta Antonio , Bajo María Teresa , Rivera Marta , Paolieri Daniela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe consistency between letters and sounds varies across languages. These differences have been proposed to be associated with different reading mechanisms (lexical vs. phonological), processing grain sizes (coarse vs. fine) and attentional windows (whole words vs. individual letters). This study aimed to extend this idea to writing to dictation. For that purpose, we evaluated whether the use of different types of processing has a differential impact on local windowing attention: phonological (local) processing in a transparent language (Spanish) and lexical (global) processing of an opaque language (English). Spanish and English monolinguals (Experiment 1) and Spanish–English bilinguals (Experiment 2) performed a writing to dictation task followed by a global–local task. The first key performance showed a critical dissociation between languages: the response times (RTs) from the Spanish writing to dictation task was modulated by word length, whereas the RTs from the English writing to dictation task was modulated by word frequency and age of acquisition, as evidence that language transparency biases processing towards phonological or lexical strategies. In addition, after a Spanish task, participants more efficiently processed local information, which resulted in both the benefit of global congruent information and the reduced cost of incongruent global information. Additionally, the results showed that bilinguals adapt their attentional processing depending on the orthographic transparency.
Preschool children's dispositions of collaboration: A Chinese study
Authors: Sun Zhonghua , Zhang Nini , Guo Karen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is converging evidence that young children's development of peer collaboration is crucial for their later success in life. However, little attention has been paid to how children develop collaboration as a lifelong capability. Drawing on the notion of learning disposition, this study explored Chinese children's dispositions of collaboration. Our aim was to identify the characteristics of these dispositions and considered how they might suggest a possible direction of growth. The research was conducted in a preschool classroom. Findings reveal an interwoven relation between children's collaboration and their learning decisions, where ideas of interest, fun, friend, help and responsibility were embedded.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zinellu Angelo , Mangoni Arduino A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory indexes derived from routine haematological parameters, particularly the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), have been shown to discriminate between patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, their capacity to discriminate between RA patients with and without active disease has not been systematically appraised.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar, from inception to June 2022, for studies comparing NLR and/or PLR values between RA patients with and without active disease. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and GRADE, respectively.ResultsIn 18 studies (2122 RA patients with active disease, mean age 50 years, 20% males; 1071 RA patients with nonactive disease, mean age 50 years, 25% males), active disease was associated with significantly higher NLR (standard mean difference, SMD = 0.37, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.55, p < .001; low certainty of evidence) and PLR values (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.64, p < .001; low certainty of evidence). In sensitivity analysis, the SMD values were not substantially influenced by sequentially removing individual studies. There was no publication bias. In meta‐regression, the effect size was not associated with other study and patient characteristics, including sex, Disease Activity Score‐28, C‐reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.ConclusionsNLR and PLR can significantly discriminate between RA patients with and without active disease. Further studies are required to determine their diagnostic performance, singly or in combination with other parameters, in routine practice.
The risk for chronic kidney disease in metabolically healthy obese patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kanbay Mehmet , Copur Sidar , Siriopol Dimitrie , Yildiz Abdullah B. , Berkkan Metehan , Tuttle Kathherine R. , Zoccali Carmine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, the association of CKD with phenotype referred as metabolically healthy obese or overweight is unclear. In this this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we investigate the relationships between obesity and CKD independent of metabolic syndrome by appraising published evidence in studies focusing on metabolically healthy obese people.Materials and MethodsWe performed a literature search through three databases Embase (Elsevier), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley) and PubMed/Medline Web of Science up to March 2022 with the following terms: “chronic kidney disease”, “kidney function”, “obesity”, “metabolic syndrome”, “metabolically healthy obesity”, “metabolically healthy overweight”. Metabolically unhealthy was defined an individual having at least 3 of the following: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol and hyperglycaemia. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) for reporting. Prospective, retrospective, randomized and nonrandomized studies fitting the search criteria were included in our results.ResultsOur final analysis included 16 studies with a total number of 4.965.285 participants. There is considerable heterogeneity in terms of study design, participant characteristics and number of participants across individual studies. In comparison to healthy normal weight patients, the risk was progressively higher in overweight (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.32, p < 0.001) and obese patients (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.65, p < 0.001).ConclusionMetabolically healthy overweight and obese individuals have higher risk of CKD compared to individuals without weight excess.
Activation of the Mas receptors by AVE0991 and MrgD receptor using alamandine to limit the deleterious effects of Ang II‐induced hypertension
Authors: Tanrıverdi Lokman Hekim , Özhan Onural , Ulu Ahmet , Yıldız Azibe , Ateş Burhan , Vardı Nigar , Acet Hacı Ahmet , Parlakpinar Hakan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe MrgD receptor agonist, alamandine (ALA) and Mas receptor agonist, AVE0991 have recently been identified as protective components of the renin‐angiotensin system. We evaluated the effects of ALA and AVE0991 on cardiovascular function and remodeling in angiotensin (Ang) II‐induced hypertension in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were subject to 4‐week subcutaneous infusions of Ang II (80 ng/kg/min) or saline after which they were treated with ALA (50 μg/kg), AVE0991 (576 μg/kg), or ALA+AVE0991 during the last 2 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) values were recorded with tail‐cuff plethysmography at 1, 15, and 29 days post‐treatment. After euthanization, the heart and thoracic aorta were removed for further analysis and vascular responses. SBP significantly increased in the Ang II group when compared to the control group. Furthermore, Ang II also caused an increase in cardiac and aortic cyclophilin‐A (CYP‐A), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and cardiomyocyte degeneration but produced a decrease in vascular relaxation. HR, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and ‐9, NADPH oxidase‐4, and lysyl oxidase levels were comparable among groups. ALA, AVE0991, and the drug combination produced antihypertensive effects and alleviated vascular responses. The inflammatory and oxidative stress related to cardiac MCP‐1 and CYP‐A levels decreased in the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Vascular but not cardiac angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 levels decreased with Ang II administration but were similar to the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Our experimental data showed the combination of ALA and AVE0991 was found beneficial in Ang II‐induced hypertension in rats by reducing SBP, oxidative stress, inflammation, and improving vascular responses.
Microstructure characteristics and their effects on fatigue behaviors of the bond zone between Al‐12Si/ABOw composites and Al‐12Si alloys
Authors: Tong Qipei , Zhang Weizheng , Cao Zicong , Jin Shuang , Guo Zhenyao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn order to research the fatigue properties of the bond zone between aluminum borate whiskers (ABOw)‐reinforced composites and matrix Al‐12Si alloys, specially designed specimens consisted of Al‐12Si/ABOw composites and Al‐12Si alloys (named C/A specimen for short) were used in fatigue tests at different temperatures. The microstructure evolution of the bond zone of C/A specimen was studied through electronic microscope analysis. The results showed that the aluminum borate whiskers could cause segregation of alloying elements in the Al matrix and formation of numerous microscopic pores. Moreover, whiskers that were perpendicular to the load tended to cause interface between whiskers and Al matrix or Si particles cracking and thus lead to deterioration of fatigue performance. With the change of temperature from 25°C to 350°C, the toughness of Al matrix increased and the strength decreased, which also made the most serious stress concentration site of C/A specimen varied at different temperatures.
Using the atmospheric CO2 growth rate to constrain the CO2 flux from land use and land cover change since 1900
Authors: Dohner Julia L. , Birner Benjamin , Schwartzman Armin , Pongratz Julia , Keeling Ralph F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe explore the ability of the atmospheric CO2 record since 1900 to constrain the source of CO2 from land use and land cover change (hereafter “land use”), taking account of uncertainties in other terms in the global carbon budget. We find that the atmospheric constraint favors land use CO2 flux estimates with lower decadal variability and can identify potentially erroneous features, such as emission peaks around 1960 and after 2000, in some published estimates. Furthermore, we resolve an offset in the global carbon budget that is most plausibly attributed to the land use flux. This correction shifts the mean land use flux since 1900 across 20 published estimates down by 0.35 PgC year−1 to 1.04 ± 0.57 PgC year−1, which is within the range but at the low end of these estimates. We show that the atmospheric CO2 record can provide insights into the time history of the land use flux that may reduce uncertainty in this term and improve current understanding and projections of the global carbon cycle.
A follow‐up study to explore factors associated with rapid kidney function decline and new‐onset kidney disease among Chinese elderly population
Authors: Xiong Juan , Zheng Xujuan , Luo Jingang , Luo Xiaohua , Zhang Yiqin , Xu Liping , Wang Yuxin 
Published: September 2022

AimTo explore potential factors associated with rapid kidney function decline and new‐onset kidney disease among a Chinese elderly population, and to examine the relationships between baseline serum uric acid (SUA), longitudinal change in SUA and rapid estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline over 5 years for this Chinese elderly population.MethodsA 5‐year follow‐up study was conducted from 2016 to 2020 in Xiamen City, China; and 2436 elderly people with normal kidney function at baseline was included. The multivariable logistic regressions were used to explore risk factors for rapid eGFR decline and new‐onset kidney disease.ResultsThe median age of subjects was 65 years, and 38.5% were men. These elderly people experienced a median 5‐year decrease in eGFR of 14.50 mL/min/1.73 m2, and 11.2% of them had developed new‐onset kidney disease after 5‐year follow‐up. Participants with elevated SUA change from the normal group to the hyperuricemia group witnessed the highest decrease of eGFR after a 5‐year follow‐up than other groups. Multivariate analysis found advanced age, female, elevated baseline SUA, elevated SUA change, hypertension and triglyceride–glucose index were risk factors for rapid eGFR decline and new‐onset kidney disease.ConclusionThe Chinese elderly population was more likely to encounter rapid renal function decline and new‐onset kidney disease. A regular test for kidney disease was strongly recommended for these elderly people who were female, with advanced age, with elevated baseline SUA and elevated SUA change; and had high levels of insulin resistance, and blood pressure. The derived findings can offer significant evidence for targeted prevention for the Chinese elderly population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 968–975.