bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training and educational programs that support geriatric dental care in rural settings: A scoping review
Authors: Chandel Tejasvita , Alulaiyan Mohammed , Farraj Malik , Riedy Christine A. , Barrow Jane R. , Brennan Leonard , Thompson Lisa , Bass Michelle B. , Chamut Steffany 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesAccess to dental care for older adults is challenging, especially for those living in rural areas. People living in rural areas are less likely to visit the dentist, have greater oral health needs, and face significant oral health disparities. Given the projected increase in the older adult population, the aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review (SR) to identify the current landscape of geriatric dental training in rural healthcare settings.MethodsFour guiding concepts (i.e., dental workforce, education/training, rural setting, and older adult population) were searched in PubMed, Embase (Elsevier), Dental and Oral Sciences Source (EBSCO), and ERIC (EBSCO) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. EndNote and Covidence were used for de‐duplication algorithms and title/abstract screening.ResultsSeventy‐nine citations were identified for the final full‐text review based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and ten articles were eligible for data extraction as applicable to the research question. Three themes emerged from the review: geriatric dentistry inclusion within dental school curricula, clinical training at rural/remote locations, and improving geriatric oral health knowledge through interprofessional training.ConclusionThis SR highlights the limited number of currently trained geriatric dentists, as well as, the paucity of dental programs/curricula offered to produce competent dental geriatricians with an advanced skill set for practicing in rural settings. Our review indicates the need to expand the dental workforce, curricula, and training to better position dentists to serve the older and underserved population in rural and remote areas.
Multi‐Planar, Multi‐Contrast and Multi‐Time Point Analysis Tool (MOCHA) for Intracranial Vessel Wall Characterization
Authors: Guo Yin , Canton Gador , Chen Li , Sun Jie , Geleri Duygu Baylam , Balu Niranjan , Xu Dongxiang , Mossa‐Basha Mahmud , Hatsukami Thomas S. , Yuan Chun 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThree‐dimensional (3D) intracranial vessel wall (IVW) magnetic resonance imaging can reliably image intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). However, an integrated, streamlined, and optimized workflow for IVW analysis to provide qualitative and quantitative measurements is lacking.PurposeTo propose and evaluate an image analysis pipeline (MOCHA) that can register multicontrast and multitime point 3D IVW for multiplanar review and quantitative plaque characterization.Study typeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 11 subjects with ICAD (68 ± 10 years old, 6 males).Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0 T, 3D time‐of‐flight gradient echo sequence and T1‐ and proton density‐weighted fast spin echo sequences.AssessmentEach participant underwent two IVW sessions within 2 weeks. Scan and rescan IVW images were preprocessed using MOCHA. The presence of atherosclerotic lesions was identified in different intracranial arterial segments by two readers (GC and JS, 12 years of vascular MR imaging experience each) following an established review protocol to reach consensus on each of the reviews. For all locations with identified plaques, plaque length, lumen and vessel wall areas, maximum and mean wall thickness values, normalized wall index and contrast enhancement ratio were measured.Statistical TestsPercent agreement and Cohen's κ were used to test scan–rescan reproducibility of detecting plaques using MOCHA. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman analysis were used to evaluate scan–rescan reproducibility for plaque morphologic and enhancement measurements.ResultsIn 150 paired intracranial vessel segments, the overall agreement in plaque detection was 92.7% (κ = 0.822). The ICCs (all ICCs > 0.90) and Bland–Altman plots (no bias observed) indicated excellent scan–rescan reproducibility for all morphologic and enhancement measurements.Data ConclusionFindings from this study demonstrate that MOCHA provides high scan–rescan reproducibility for identification and quantification of atherosclerosis along multiple intracranial arterial segments and highlight its potential use in characterizing plaque composition and monitoring plaque development.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 2
Deep‐learning‐based denoising approach to enhance Raman spectroscopy in mass‐produced graphene
Authors: Machado Lucas Resende Pellegrinelli , Silva Mariana Oliveira Santos , Campos João Luiz Elias , Silva Diego Lopez , Cançado Luiz Gustavo , Vilela Neto Omar Paranaiba 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe inherently weak signal present in Raman spectroscopy makes spectral resolution susceptible to noise. Hence, efficient denoising techniques for post‐processing of spectral data are required. We introduce two efficient approaches to remove noise from graphene Raman spectra, based on deep neural network architectures using supervised and unsupervised learning. We compared the performance of these approaches with three traditional noise removal methods. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of deep‐learning models in the denoising task, which is crucial in interpreting characterization data of mass‐produced graphene. Overall, our supervised approach outperforms all considered baselines, as well as the unsupervised method, providing significant improvement in noise reduction.
Intraoperative risk factors of acute kidney injury after liver transplantation
Authors: Berkowitz Rachel J. , Engoren Milo C. , Mentz Graciela , Sharma Pratima , Kumar Sathish S. , Davis Ryan , Kheterpal Sachin , Sonnenday Christopher J. , Douville Nicholas J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common complications of liver transplantation (LT). We examined the impact of intraoperative management on risk for AKI following LT. In this retrospective observational study, we linked data from the electronic health record with standardized transplant outcomes. Our primary outcome was stage 2 or 3 AKI as defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines within the first 7 days of LT. We used logistic regression models to test the hypothesis that the addition of intraoperative variables, including inotropic/vasopressor administration, transfusion requirements, and hemodynamic markers improves our ability to predict AKI following LT. We also examined the impact of postoperative AKI on mortality. Of the 598 adult primary LT recipients included in our study, 43% (n = 255) were diagnosed with AKI within the first 7 postoperative days. Several preoperative and intraoperative variables including (1) electrolyte/acid‐base balance disorder (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes 253.6 or 276.x and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes E22.2 or E87.x, where x is any digit; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.917, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.280–2.869; p = 0.002); (2) preoperative anemia (aOR, 2.612; 95% CI, 1.405–4.854; p = 0.002); (3) low serum albumin (aOR, 0.576; 95% CI, 0.410–0.808; p = 0.001), increased potassium value during reperfusion (aOR, 1.513; 95% CI, 1.103–2.077; p = 0.01), and lactate during reperfusion (aOR, 1.081; 95% CI, 1.003–1.166; p = 0.04) were associated with posttransplant AKI. New dialysis requirement within the first 7 days postoperatively predicted the posttransplant mortality. Our study identified significant association between several potentially modifiable variables with posttransplant AKI. The addition of intraoperative data did not improve overall model discrimination.
Cerium oxide nanoparticles administration during machine perfusion of discarded human livers: A pilot study
Authors: Del Turco Serena , Cappello Valentina , Tapeinos Christos , Moscardini Aldo , Sabatino Laura , Battaglini Matteo , Melandro Fabio , Torri Francesco , Martinelli Caterina , Babboni Serena , Silvestrini Beatrice , Morganti Riccardo , Gemmi Mauro , De Simone Paolo , Martins Paulo N. , Crocetti Laura , Peris Adriano , Campani Daniela , Basta Giuseppina , Ciofani Gianni , Ghinolfi Davide 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The combined approach of ex situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) and nanotechnology represents a strategy to mitigate ischemia/reperfusion injury in liver transplantation (LT). We evaluated the uptake, distribution, and efficacy of antioxidant cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) during normothermic perfusion of discarded human livers. A total of 9 discarded human liver grafts were randomized in 2 groups and underwent 4 h of NMP: 5 grafts were treated with nanoceria conjugated with albumin (Alb‐NC; 50 µg/ml) and compared with 4 untreated grafts. The intracellular uptake of nanoceria was analyzed by electron microscopy (EM) and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). The antioxidant activity of Alb‐NC was assayed in liver biopsies by glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) assay, telomere length, and 4977‐bp common mitochondrial DNA deletion (mtDNA4977 deletion). The cytokine profile was evaluated in perfusate samples. EM and ICP‐MS confirmed Alb‐NC internalization, rescue of mitochondrial phenotype, decrease of lipid droplet peroxidation, and lipofuscin granules in the treated grafts. Alb‐NC exerted an antioxidant activity by increasing GSH levels (percentage change: +94% ± 25%; p = 0.01), SOD (+17% ± 4%; p = 0.02), and CAT activity (51% ± 23%; p = 0.03), reducing the occurrence of mtDNA4977 deletion (−67.2% ± 11%; p = 0.03), but did not affect cytokine release. Alb‐NC during ex situ perfusion decreased oxidative stress, upregulating graft antioxidant defense. They could be a tool to improve quality grafts during NMP and represent an antioxidant strategy aimed at protecting the graft against reperfusion injury during LT.
Living in a bottle: Bacteria from sediment‐associated Mediterranean waste and potential growth on polyethylene terephthalate
Authors: Vidal‐Verdú Àngela , Latorre‐Pérez Adriel , Molina‐Menor Esther , Baixeras Joaquin , Peretó Juli , Porcar Manuel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOcean pollution is a worldwide environmental challenge that could be partially tackled through microbial applications. To shed light on the diversity and applications of the bacterial communities that inhabit the sediments trapped in artificial containers, we analyzed residues (polyethylene terephthalate [PET] bottles and aluminum cans) collected from the Mediterranean Sea by scanning electron microscopy and next generation sequencing. Moreover, we set a collection of culturable bacteria from the plastisphere that were screened for their ability to use PET as a carbon source. Our results reveal that Proteobacteria are the predominant phylum in all the samples and that Rhodobacteraceae, Woeseia, Actinomarinales, or Vibrio are also abundant in these residues. Moreover, we identified marine isolates with enhanced growth in the presence of PET: Aquimarina intermedia, Citricoccus spp., and Micrococcus spp. Our results suggest that the marine environment is a source of biotechnologically promising bacterial isolates that may use PET or PET additives as carbon sources.
Improving the measurements of IP3
Authors: Yan Siyuan , Yang Xianzhen , Li Xiao , Li Fu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIP3 is an important parameter of RF amplifiers. It is available from the datasheet and calculated from the interception between the line of the output power at fundamental frequencies and that of the power of the 3rd‐order intermodulation product conventionally measured from two‐tone tests. However, the measured output power at fundamental frequency will be affected by 3rd‐order intermodulation products. In this article, the impacts from 3rd‐order intermodulation products to the fundamental tones are analyzed. As an analytic formula‐based calibration solution, simple formulas that remove corresponding nonlinear effects are suggested.
Continuous frequency and isolation reconfigurable MIMO PIFA antennas using liquid materials
Authors: An Miao , Li Yao , Zhai Huiqing , Sun Qiao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a continuous frequency and isolation reconfigurable multiple input multiple output (MIMO) PIFA antenna loaded with a decoupled neutralization line structure is proposed. A pair of transparent boxes made of PC material was loaded between the radiation plane and the ground to provide conditions for reconfiguration. The frequency reconfigurable range is from 1.58 GHz to 1.08 GHz (frequency tuning range 37.5%) which is achieved by controlling the height of pure water from 0 mm to 9.15 mm. Pure water in the PC box will interfere with the electric field distribution near the antenna and change the effective dielectric constant of the dielectric. In the range of 1.08 ~ 1.58 GHz continuous frequency reconfigurable, the load of neutralization line makes the mutual coupling of working frequency band decreases by at least 8 dB. And the antenna prototype is measured. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measured results, which verifies the feasibility of this technology.
Investigation of image quality of MV and kV CBCT with low‐Z beams and high DQE detector
Authors: O'Connell Jericho , Bazalova‐Carter Magdalena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image quality using novel combinations of kilovoltage (kV) and megavoltage (MV) beams and detector materials.MethodsMV and kV CBCT imaging was simulated using the Fastcat hybrid Monte Carlo application. CBCT imaging with various beam energies was investigated: 2.5 and 6 MV photon beams generated with carbon, aluminum, and tungsten targets and a 120 kVp x‐ray tube beam based off of a Varian Truebeam on‐board imager (OBI). Cadmium tungstate (CWO), gadolinium oxysulfide (GOS), and cesium iodide (CsI) detectors with identical pixel pitch of 0.784 mm were evaluated. Modulation transfer functions (MTF) for all detector/beam combinations were calculated. MV and kV CBCT images for each detector/beam combination of a contrast phantom containing inserts with rib and spongiosa bone, lung, and adipose tissues were simulated with an imaging dose of 7 mGy. Contrast to noise ratio (CNR) of all inserts were compared for all detector/beam combinations. CBCT images of an anthropomorphic head phantom with silver amalgam fillings were also generated.ResultsThe CWO/120 kVp beam combination resulted in the highest MTF at low frequencies and the CsI detector showed the highest MTF for all other beams and at high frequencies. The CWO/120 kVp beam combination showed the highest CNR for all tissues. The unoptimized CWO/2.5 MV carbon target beam showed the highest CNR of the MV beam/detector combinations with CNR 4% and 17% worse than the optimized Truebeam CsI 120 kVp setup with a bowtie filter and antiscatter grid. Additionally, the CWO 2.5 MV setup showed qualitative reduction of metal artifacts surrounding silver amalgam fillings in an anthropomorphic head phantom.ConclusionThis finding makes a compelling case that further optimization of this CWO carbon target setup could produce CBCT images with similar CNR to current OBI CBCT for equivalent dose with added resilience to metal artifacts.
Phase 2B randomized controlled trial of NP001 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Pre‐specified and post hoc analyses
Authors: Miller Robert G. , Zhang Rongzhen , Bracci Paige M. , Azhir Ari , Barohn Richard , Bedlack Richard , Benatar Michael , Berry James D. , Cudkowicz Merit , Kasarskis Edward J. , Mitsumoto Hiroshi , Manousakis Georgios , Walk David , Oskarsson Bjorn , Shefner Jeremy , McGrath Michael S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsALS is a heterogeneous disease that may be complicated or in part driven by inflammation. NP001, a regulator of macrophage activation, was associated with slowing disease progression in those with higher levels of the plasma inflammatory marker C‐reactive protein (CRP) in phase 2A studies in ALS. Here, we evaluate the effects of NP001 in a phase 2B trial, and perform a post hoc analysis with combined data from the preceding phase 2A trial.MethodsThe phase 2B trial enrolled 138 participants within 3 y of symptom onset and with plasma hs‐CRP values >1.13 mg/L. They were randomized 1:1 to receive either placebo or NP001 for 6 mo. Change from baseline ALSFRS‐R scores was the primary efficacy endpoint. Secondary endpoints included vital capacity (VC) change from baseline and percentage of participants showing no decline of ALSFRS‐R score over 6 mo (non‐progressor).ResultsThe phase 2B study did not show significant differences between placebo and active treatment with respect to change in ALSFRS‐R scores, or VC. The drug was safe and well tolerated. A post hoc analysis identified a 40‐ to 65‐y‐old subset in which NP001‐treated patients demonstrated slower declines in ALSFRS‐R score by 36% and VC loss by 51% compared with placebo. A greater number of non‐progressors were NP001‐treated compared with placebo (p = .004).DiscussionAlthough the phase 2B trial failed to meet its primary endpoints, post hoc analyses identified a subgroup whose decline in ALSFRS‐R and VC scores were significantly slower than placebo. Further studies will be required to validate these findings.
Finite element analysis of the singularly perturbed parabolic reaction‐diffusion problems with retarded argument
Authors: Khari Kartikay , Kumar Vivek 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this article, a parameter uniform Galerkin finite element method for solving singularly perturbed parabolic reaction diffusion problems with retarded argument is proposed. The solution of this class of problems exhibits parabolic boundary layers. The domain is discretized with a piecewise uniform mesh (Shishkin mesh) for spatial variable to capture the exponential behavior of the solution in the boundary layer region and backward‐Euler method on a equidistant mesh in the time direction. The method is proved to be unconditional stable and parameter uniform. The method is shown to be accurate of order in maximum norm using Green's function approach. The convergence of the proposed method does not depend on the singular perturbation parameter.
Conductive polymer sorbent for extraction and determination of resveratrol and polydatin in Polygonum cuspidatum root samples
Authors: Xue Xuemei , Deng Fei , Ge Zhenkai , Meng Jingwen , Liu Xiya , Zhao Yongheng , Hu Yanggen , Ling Xu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe quantitative analysis of trace resveratrol and polydatin in plant tissues is suitable for elucidation of the compounds' mechanisms of action.ObjectivesThe main objective of this work was to develop a feasible and effective sample pretreatment method to measure the concentrations of resveratrol and polydatin in complex samples.MethodologyA polymer sorbent, poly(2‐mercaptobenzimidazole), was electrochemically prepared and utilized for selective extraction, while resveratrol and polydatin were used as target analytes. The sorbent was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After extraction and elution, the analytes were analyzed by a Thermo U3000 HPLC system. Several affecting parameters, including the volume of elution solution, sample pH value, sample flow rate and sample volume, were evaluated and optimized.ResultsThe proposed method showed good linearity with low limits of detection (from 0.5 to 0.8 ng·mL−1) and ideal accuracy with spiked recoveries from 81.30% to 99.16%. A good enrichment factor (more than 200‐fold) together with good sensitivity was obtained with this method. Analysis of resveratrol and polydatin in Polygonum cuspidatum samples by this method is efficient.ConclusionThe method developed in this work exhibits several significant merits, including easy operation and high extraction efficiency, indicating that electrochemically prepared polymer sorbent is useful for sample pretreatment and analysis of traditional Chinese medicine samples.
Effect of an active biodegradable package made from bean flour and açaí seed extract on the quality of olive oil
Authors: Nogueira Daiane , Marasca Natasha Spindola , Latorres Juliana Machado , Costa Jorge Alberto Vieira , Martins Vilásia Guimarães 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has aggravated existing problems associated with the high consumption of plastic products and their incorrect disposal, resulting in an increase in social, economic, and environmental problems. Thus, new combinations of biodegradable materials for food packaging have become the target of frequent research. The present study aimed to produce and evaluate active biodegradable films based on red bean flour and açaí seed extract and also to evaluate the quality of extra virgin olive oil stored in packaging produced for a period of 16 days at 60°C. Films of red bean flour (Phaseolus vulgaris) with 0.5% and 10% açaí seed extract were developed. The addition of the extract to the films increased their tensile strength by 100%, reduced their solubility and transparency, and increased their relative crystallinity. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity presented by the films increased in line with the concentration of extract added. The extra virgin olive oil was packaged in materials produced from bean flour films with 10% extract and maintained its quality parameters within the limits established by legislation. These results suggest the discovery of a biodegradable and antioxidant packaging that can be used to pack olive oil and other fatty food products.
Plasma‐deposited AgOx‐doped TiOx coatings enable rapid antibacterial activity based on ROS generation
Authors: Hegemann Dirk , Hanselmann Barbara , Zuber Flavia , Pan Fei , Gaiser Sandra , Rupper Patrick , Maniura‐Weber Katharina , Ruffieux Kurt , Ren Qun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo enable a rapid‐acting antibacterial mechanism without the release of biocidal substances, TiO2 catalysts have been considered based on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Doping with dissimilar metals generates electron‐hole pairs with narrow band gaps promoting the production of ROS. Here, plasma technology is investigated to deposit Ag nano islets on defective TiOx films, stabilized by plasma postoxidation suppressing Ag ion release. Importantly, ROS generation is maintained upon storage in the dark yet with diminishing efficacy; however, it can be restored by exposure to visible light. The rapid‐acting antibacterial properties are found to strongly correlate with ROS generation, which can even be maintained by functionalization with hydrophobic plasma polymer films. The cytocompatible coatings offer promising applications for implants and other medical devices.
Distributed optimization for a class of uncertain nonlinear multi‐agent systems with arbitrary relative degree subject to exogenous disturbances
Authors: Liu Puzhao , Li Ranran 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the distributed optimization problem on the framework of a class of arbitrary relative degree uncertain nonlinear multi‐agent systems with the presence of exogenous disturbances. Based on the internal model principle and the pseudo gradient approach, a novel continuous‐time distributed optimization control protocol is proposed to make all the agents reach optimal consensus by utilizing local cost functions information and neighbors' states information. The main advantage of our algorithm is that it can run on systems with more complex dynamics, while the existing algorithms apply only to integral‐type systems or unity relative degree nonlinear systems. Moreover, the convergence of the algorithm is proved by Lyapunov function and graph theory analysis. Finally, the distributed protocol is physically implemented by circuits and tested on a group of Chua's circuit systems to show the effectiveness of the theoretical results.