bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Scoping Review of Patient Support Program Services Across Diverse Settings and Disease Areas Described from a People-Centered Perspective
Authors: Riveroll Angela L , Charlton Patricia , Pyper Evelyn , Macphail Keltie , Fisher Brenda , Beck Christina , Montelpare William 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundGovernments, private industries and not-for-profit organizations are increasingly investing resources in support programs for patients. These programs may provide self-management strategies enabling patients to manage their disease and medication regimen and/or access to medications, therapies and health services, with the goal to improve health outcomes. The objectives of this scoping review were to: (i) describe the characteristics of patient support programs (PSPs), for patients on medication regimens, (ii) identify subthemes that describe PSP services, and (iii) to classify the service subthemes, using an integrated people-centered (IP-C) perspective. MethodsPRISMA-ScR methodology and Covidence software were used to facilitate the review of 479 articles, and the selection and screening of 70 original research articles that described PSP services and their impact on clinical, humanistic and/or economic outcomes. A search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, and Web of Science was conducted covering a 10 year period, from 2010 to 2020. The PSPs identified were organized into subthemes identified as part of an inductive process. The thematic areas were grouped into one of three people-centered categories that reflect the WHO vision for IPC health care. ResultsThe 70 articles reviewed, describe PSPs covering more than nine disease categories. The majority of the articles were published in North America, predominantly in the United States (26) and Canada (11), and also in Germany (6), the United Kingdom (6), China (4) and other countries (18). PSPs were funded and delivered by private drug or device manufacturers, government organizations, specialty pharmacies and also non-governmental groups (e.g., not-for-profit organizations), private hospitals, private payers (e.g., insurance companies) and various partnership types among these organizations. Fifty-six unique PSPs were identified that offered a range of services. Twenty-five PSP service subthemes were identified and these were each placed into one of three over-arching patient-centered categories: (i) access and equity services; (ii) quality and health services, and (iii) patient and caregiver empowerment and self-management services.ConclusionsPSPs offer various services that can be optimized and synergized to facilitate equitable, accessible, quality health services that support patient empowerment for the self-management of disease for improved health outcomes.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigen-stimulated CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells for active tuberculosis diagnosis
Authors: fang Yong , Wang Na , Tang Liang , Yang Xiaojun , Tang Yuan , Li Lin , Wu Wenfei , Su Bo , Sha Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Traditional bacteriological tests are time-consuming and of low sensitivity for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB). The purpose of this study is to investigate the accuracy of CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ for active tuberculosis (ATB) diagnosis. Methods: This prospective diagnostic accuracy study was conducted at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. Patients with ATB, non-tuberculosis mycobacterium infection (NTM), latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), other respiratory diseases (OD), and healthy individuals (HC) were enrolled. The accuracy of CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ and other phenotypic markers for ATB diagnosis was assessed.Results: A total of 376 patients (237 ATB, 38 LTBI, 8 NTM, 50 OD, and 43 HC) were enrolled. The ratios of CD4+IFN-γ+CD27- and CD4+IFN-γ+CD27-CD38+ profiles in CD4+IFN-γ+ cells and the ratios of CD4+IFN-γ+CD38+, CD4+IFN-γ+CD27-, and CD4+IFN-γ+CD38+CD27- profiles in CD4+ cells in the ATB group were significantly higher than in the other groups. The area under the curve (AUC) of CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ for the diagnosis of ATB was the highest, with a value of 0.890. With the optimal cutoff value of 1.34´10-4, the sensitivity and specificity of CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ for ATB diagnosis was 0.869 and 0.849, respectively. Conclusion: CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ might be an effective biomarker for active tuberculosis diagnosis.
Red blood cell transfusion in palliative care patients with oncohematological disease
Authors: Magnus Mariana , Lacativa Julia Crosariol Lindenberg , Assumpção Jackeline Androlage 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Red blood cell transfusion in oncohematological patients is considered an essential part of treatment, but its role in palliative care that aims to improve symptoms and quality of life is not well established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of symptoms after red blood cell transfusion in palliative care patients.Methods: Thirteen patients were followed at an outpatient blood transfusion clinic at the University of Campinas. Data was collected on the Palliative Performance Scale (PPS) as well as the characteristics of the patients, the oncohematological diagnosis, the stage of the disease, and clinical symptoms that justified transfusion. To analyze the evolution of symptoms and functional capacity, the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) and the Katz Index Functional Assessment Scale for basic activities of daily living were applied serially on the day of transfusion, as well as two and seven days after the procedure. We also observed the occurrence of transfusion reactions.Results: We were able to identify improvements in symptoms such as fatigue, depression, drowsiness, as well as overall well-being in most patients up to seven days after transfusion. However, patients with seven days or more of transfusion maintained improvement only in fatigue.Conclusion: Similarly, other studies report an improvement in symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, and overall well-being after transfusion, this improvement also being transient and lasting less than 14 days.
Tile-based microscopic image processing for malaria screening using deep learning approach
Authors: Abdurahman Fetulhak , Fante Kinde Anlay 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Manual microscopic examination remains the golden standard for malaria diagnosis. However, it is cumbersome and requires the experience of pathologists for accurate diagnosis. The shear workload and challenges involved in manual microscopy drives for alternative computer-aided diagnosis techniques. While the importance of computer-aided diagnosis is increasing at an enormous pace fostered by the advancement of deep learning algorithms, there are still challenges. Existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) deep learning-based object detection models suffer from effectively detecting small objects which are less represented on benchmark datasets and are affected by the loss of detailed spatial information due to in-network feature map downscaling. The problem even becomes harder when the input image is high resolution. This is due to the fact that existing SOTA models will not directly process high-resolution images limited by their low-resolution network input size. Methods: In this study, an effective and robust tile-based image processing approach was proposed to enhance malaria parasite detection performance of SOTA object detection models. Three YOLOV4 based object detectors were adopted considering their detection speed and accuracy. The proposed detection models were developed by using tiles generated from 1,780 high-resolution P. falciparum-infected thick smear microscopic images. External validation was performed to verify the detection accuracy and generalization ability of the proposed models on three datasets acquired from a different domain. Results: The best-performing model leveraging the proposed tile-based approach significantly outperforms its baseline method (Recall, [95.3%] vs [57%] and Average Precision, [87.1%] vs [76%]). In addition, the proposed method achieved state-of-the-art performance compared with previous research works which use different machine learning techniques on similar datasets. Conclusions: The obtained qualitative and empirical results show that the proposed method reveals a fundamental performance improvement for the detection of P. falciparum from thick smear microscopic images while maintaining real-time speed. Furthermore, the proposed method could have the potential to assist and reduce the workload of laboratory technicians in malaria-endemic remote areas in developing countries where there is a critical skill gap and shortage of experts.
The influence of Ahy1 strain of Acremonium hansfodii on functional response of Neoseiulus barkeri to Tetranychus urticae
Authors: SHANG SU-QIN , WEI-ZHEN LI , CHEN YAO-NIAN , TONG ZHU 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The spider mite Tetranychus urticae is one of the most economically key mite pests of fields and greenhouse crops over the world. In order to clarify the control efficacy of Neoseiulus barkeri on T. urticae in the presence of entomopathogenic fungus Acremonium hansfodii. This study was conducted to evaluate the control of combining N. barkeri with A. hansfodii against T. urticae. The results showed that the functional response of N. barkeri treated with Ahy1 strain to T. urticae was Holling type II equation. Among these, the highest predation number and the shortest attack time were obtained for the predator feeding on eggs, then followed by feeding on nymphs, female adults ranked as the lowest. That of N. barkeri to T. urticae treated with Ahy1 strain was also Holling type II equation. The predation capacity of N. barkeri on nymphs and female adults of T. urticae treated by Ahy1 strain increased with the increase of the concentration of Ahy1 strain, but that when feeding eggs had no significant difference. Therefore, the combination of EPF with N. barkeri on control of TSSM had synergistic effects, which will provide the guidance to carry out combined utilization of entomogenous fungi with predatory mites.
Effects of pre-incubation egg storage length and orientation on hatching traits in Transylvanian naked neck chickens
Authors: ABIOJA MONSURU OLADIMEJI , Ojoawo Henry Temitope , Akinjute Obafemi Foluso , Logunleko Mariam Opeyemi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Eggs from Transylvanian naked neck (TN) chickens (n = 560) were stored in cold room (at 16 ± 1.5oC) in daily batches of 80 eggs each, for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7d either with broad (BEU) or narrow end up (NEU). Additional day in storage caused significant (P < 0.001) loss in egg weight. Dead in germ (DIG) followed (P < 0.001) the pattern: 5d < 6d < 2d = 1d < 4d < 7d. DIG in 3d group was similar to both 4d and 7d. However, dead in shell (DIS) took (P < 0.001) 6d > 7d > 1d = 4d = 5d > 3d pattern. DIS in 2d stood in-between 6d and 7d groups. Similar hatchability of set eggs (HSE; P > 0.05) was recorded in eggs stored for 1d, 2d, 3d and 4d. These were significantly (P < 0.001) higher than others. Storage for 5d resulted in better HSE than 6d and 7d. HFE was in descending order: 1d > 2d > 3d > 4d = 5d > 6d > 7d. BEU eggs (P < 0.001) had higher DIG and DIS and lower HSE and HFE than those stored NEU. Hatch window (HW) was significantly (P < 0.001) influenced by length of storage. Storage for 4d and 5d exhibited longer HW than 2d, 3d and 7d. Shortest HW was observed in eggs stored for 1d. Hatching (P < 0.05) commenced earlier and took longer time in BEU eggs (472h; 36h) than in NEU eggs (478h; 30h) respectively. Chicks in 3d (17.4 cm) were (P < 0.01) longer than those from 4d (16.9 cm), but the two groups were similar to other groups. In conclusion, storage of TN chicken eggs should not exceed 4d. Storage in NEU orientation gave better hatching traits than BEU.
Methodology for estimating streamflow by water balance and rating curve methods based on logistic regression
Authors: Generoso Tarcila N. Neves , Silva Demetrius David da , Amorim Ricardo Santos Silva , Rodrigues Lineu Neiva , Santos Erli Pinto dos 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The water balance method is used, in Brazil, to estimate the outflow from the regularization reservoirs, based on hourly data. The the rating curve method, normally adopted in conventional streamflow gauge stations of the hydrometeorological network national, the values are estimated from the average of two daily readings of the water level elevation and requires the use of extrapolation techniques to the estimation of values outside the validation limits. The objective of study was to analyze the variation of the reservoir’s hourly outflows Queimado Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP Queimado) and to propose a method to evaluate whether the estimate of the daily outflows, obtained by the water balance method, are similar to the flow values obtained at a streamflow gauge station of the ANA network. The logistic regression model was used because it is a method that adopts binary categorical dependent variables to identify the event of interest. The results showed that the average values of streamflow obtained between the observations made from the average of 2 or 24 readings daily were close, so that the estimated data for two daily readings show good representation regarding the variability of the flows in the region. The water balance and rating curve methods showed similar statistical performance for most of the streamflow data considered. The logistic regression was able to identify atypical data in the series of analyzed flows, especially in the rainy season, which are mainly associated with the methods for extrapolation of the rating curve.
Investigation on Prevalence of Canine Trypanosomiasis in the Conservation Areas of Bwindi- Mgahinga and Queen Elizabeth in Western Uganda
Authors: Ochieng James Robert , Bachs Marta Planellas , Nsubuga Anthony , Rwego Innocent B. , Kisakye John Joseph M. , Riba Laura Muro , Figueres Jesus Muro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, despite the instauration of several control strategies, animal trypanosomiasis continues to be reported all over Uganda. Few canine African trypanosomiasis (CAT) studies have been carried out, yet dogs are known Trypanosoma reservoirs that share identical home ranges with livestock and serve as parasite link between livestock and humans. This study evaluates the prevalence of CAT in dogs in the Bwindi-Mgahinga and Queen Elizabeth conservation areas. This information will be useful to evaluate the possible role of dogs in transmission cycle of Trypanosoma species in livestock and wild animals. GenElute Blood Genomic DNA kit was used to extract DNA from the blood samples collected from identified indigenous dogs (n = 66). This was followed by conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR). Two (3.03%) out of 66 dogs were positive for CAT. One dog was positive with Trypanosoma congolense and the other T. vivax. There was no significant statistical difference in CAT prevalence rate in relation to dog’ sex (X2 = 0.379, df = 1, p = 0.54) and site (X2 = 1.031, df = 2, p = 0.60). This study reports what we believe is the first-time detection of Trypanosoma congolense and T. vivax in the indigenous dogs found in the Bwindi-Mgahinga and Queen Elizabeth conservation areas in western Uganda. The noticed T. congolense and T. vivax could be responsible for both canine and animal trypanosomiasis, and represents a serious threat to the livestock industry. Therefore, there is need for continuous trypanosomiasis surveillance and integrated management in contiguity to wildlife reserves.
Determination of sedimentation rates and life of Kodaikanal Lake, South India, using radiometric dating (210Pb and 137Cs) techniques
Authors: Palani Balamurugan , Vasudevan Sivaprakasam , Ramkumar Thirunavukkarasu , Rajendiran Selvaganapathi , Gunasekaran Sathiyamoorthy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A study describes the use of natural (210Pb) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radiometric dating techniques to determine sedimentation rates and life of Kodaikanal Lake. The core sediment from 46 cm was collected and analyzed for 210Pb and 137Cs using an Alpha spectrometer 7200-04 and a Gamma-ray spectrometer GC-3520. Bathymetry studies aided in the selection of a representative sample location and the measurement of the lake's underwater depth, with maximum and mean depths of 11 and 3.38 m, respectively. The maximum and minimum dry bulk density ranged from 0.57 to 1.05 g/cm3 (mean of 0.73 g/cm3), and the weight percentage of porosity collected sediment sample ranged from 60.33 to 78.63 wt. % (mean of 72.32 wt. % ). This study determined the sediment grain size as well as the percentages of sand, silt, and clay. The findings indicate that the core sediment samples contain 56.05 to 69.62 wt.% (mean of 63.21 wt.%) sand, 28.03 to 41.71 wt.% (mean of 34.55 wt.%) silt, and 1.81 to 3.98 wt.% (mean of 2.34 wt.%) clay. For geochronology studies in core sediments, the 210Pb technique was used to assess a model of time changes in the deposit. The sedimentation rate depended on the consistent rate supply (CRS) of the 210Pb model. The 210Pb model was confirmed using 137Cs radioactivity released into the global fallout after nuclear testing (1963) and the Chernobyl accident (1986). The depth concentration of 210Pb ranged from 3.89 ± 0.1 to 15.4 ± 1.6 Bq/kg with a mean of 210Pb concentration is 7.23 ± 0.86 Bq/ kg. The 137Cs radioactivity was varied from the upper and lower peaks that appeared clearly at depths of 16 and 29 cm, respectively, with successive phases of 18.68 ± 1.36 and 22.04 ± 1.4 Bq/kg. According to the CRS model, the mean sedimentation rate was 0.51 ± 0.14 cm/year, and the core age was 86 years. The 137Cs have likely been the mean sedimentation rate of 0.535 ± 0.07 cm/year and 83 years. The evaluated life of Kodaikanal Lake as an average of 210Pb and 137Cs sedimentation rate since 1933 is about 650 ± 24 years and 582.75 ± 19 years.
Nomogram to predict the FSH starting dose based on BMI, AMH and AFC in women with poor ovarian response in PPOS
Authors: Wu Shuxie , Li Yanping , Wu Gao , Wu Hanbin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the potential application of a novel nomogram based on antral follicle counting (AFC), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and body mass index (BMI) as a tool to optimize the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) starting dose in women with poor ovarian response in in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles in progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS). We performed a retrospective analysis involving 130 poor ovarian responders undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles in a PPOS protocol from June 2017 to February 2019 in our reproductive center. The individual FSH starting dose was selected according to patients’ clinical history and characteristics. The influence of variables including age, BMI, AMH and AFC on the FSH starting dose was assessed through multiple regression analysis. We used the variables reaching the statistical significance for calculation for the final predictive model. In the univariate analysis, BMI, AMH and AFC were significant (P < 0.05) predictors of FSH starting dose, age was canceled. In the multivariate analysis, BMI, AMH and AFC remained significant (P < 0.05). According to the nomogram, 118 patients (90.77% of 130) would have received a higher FSH starting dose and 12 patients (9.23% of 130) a lower FSH starting dose than practice dose. The application of the nomogram based on three variables easily determined in clinical practice: BMI, AMH and AFC would lead to a more tailored FSH starting dose in women with poor ovarian response.
Effectiveness of antiviral treatment in HBeAg-negative patients with normal or mildly elevated alanine aminotransferase: a retrospective study
Authors: Wei Sufang , Hu Meixin , Chen Hongjie , Xie Qiuli , Wang Peng , Li Hong , Peng Jie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Few studies have assessed the effects of antiviral treatment in hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg)-negative patients with normal or mildly elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). This study aimed to investigate the effects of antiviral treatment in these patients.
Methods
We retrospectively analysed the outcomes of antiviral treatment in HBeAg-negative patients with normal or mildly elevated ALT who were treated nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs) for up to 96 weeks.
Results
Overall, 128 patients were enrolled, including 74 patients with normal ALT and 54 patients with mildly elevated ALT. The total cumulative rates of viral suppression were 64.06%, 81.97% and 96.39%, at week 24, 48 and 96, respectively. The cumulative rates of viral suppression in normal and mildly elevated ALT groups were 67.86% versus 58.97%, 86.39% versus 76.31% and 93.13% versus 97.04%, at week 24, 48 and 96, respectively. The serum HBV DNA levels at week 12 and the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels at week 24 were significant predictors of the 96-week virological response. Compared with the values at baseline, liver stiffness values significantly decreased at week 48 (8.26 kPa vs 6.60 kPa, p < 0.001), and 96 (8.68 kPa vs 6.33 kPa, p < 0.001), respectively.
Conclusions
HBeAg-negative patients with normal or mildly elevated ALT could benefit from antiviral therapy with NAs. Antiviral treatment is strongly recommended for these patients.
Compliance with Australian Orthopaedic Association guidelines does not reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism after total hip and knee joint arthroplasty: an observational study
Authors: Badge Helen , Churches Tim , Naylor Justine , Xuan Wei , Armstrong Elizabeth , Gray Leeanne , Fletcher John , Gosbell Iain , Lin Chung-Wei Christine , Harris Ian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPreventing avoidable venous-thrombo-embolism (VTE) is a priority to improve patient and service outcomes after total hip and total knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA), but compliance with relevant clinical guidelines varies. This study aims to determine the degree to which prophylaxis was compliant with Australian Orthopaedic Association (AOA) VTE prophylaxis guidelines and whether non-compliance is associated with increased risk of VTE.Methods A prospective multi-centre cohort study of adults with osteoarthritis undergoing primary TKA/THA was completed at 19 high-volume public and private hospitals. Data were collected prior to surgery and for one-year post-surgery. Logistic regression was undertaken to explore associations between non-compliance with AOA VTE prophylaxis guidelines and symptomatic 90-day VTE outcomes. ResultsData were analysed for 1838 participants from 19 sites. The rate of non-compliance with all clinical guideline recommendations was 20.1% (N = 369), with 14.1% (N = 259) non-compliance for risk-stratified prophylaxis, 35.8% (N = 658) for duration, and 67.8% (N = 1246) for other general recommendations. Symptomatic VTE was experienced up to 90-days post-surgery by 48 people (2.6%). Overall guideline non-compliance (AOR = 0.1, 95%CI = 0.0 to 0.4, p = 0.006) was associated with a lower risk of symptomatic 90-day VTE. Results were consistent when people with high bleeding risk were excluded (AOR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.49, p = 0.005).ConclusionsNon-compliance with the AOA VTE prophylaxis guidelines was associated with fewer VTEs within 90 days of arthroplasty. This counterintuitive finding is concerning and necessitates a rigorous review of the AOA VTE prevention clinical guideline.