bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of colour stability of conventional, 3d printed and cad cam fabricated provisional restorations- An in-vitro study
Authors: Vislawath Om Shiva Prashanth , CK Anulekha , Pulagam Mahesh , Kondareddy Sree Devi , Seelam Sai Krishna , Tahseen Syeda Afeefa 
Published: February 2025

The temporization phase in fixed prosthodontics is vital for restoring function, esthetics, and protecting prepared teeth. Provisional restorations, traditionally made using PMMA, ensure interim comfort and diagnostic value. With advancements in digital technology, 3D printing and CAD/CAM milling have enhanced the precision and efficiency of temporary restorations. However, the effects of betel leaf, commonly chewed in Indian culture, on the color stability of these materials remain unexplored. This study evaluates and compares the color stability of conventional, 3D-printed, and CAD/CAM-fabricated provisional restorations when immersed in betel leaf solution The provisional crowns measuring 2mm thickness made of PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) were evaluated for color stability with spectrophotometer using CIELAB values.The mean ΔE values were significantly higher for the conventional group, followed by 3D printed and CAD CAM groups.The conventional Polymethyl methacrylate specimens changed color more and faster than the CAD CAM and 3D printed crowns. In addition, at 3 and 6 months, the color variations of conventional method at all time intervals were unacceptable when compared to their initial shade.
Comparative analysis of accuracy of SLA and DMLS technologies for cast partial denture frameworks using metrology software
Authors: Doddamani Mallikarjun H , Swami Rajesh Suhas 
Published: February 2025

Advanced manufacturing techniques like CAD/CAM and 3D printing have revolutionized dental prosthetics, offering improved precision, efficiency, and accessibility. The accuracy and precision of cast partial dentures significantly affect patient outcomes.To compare the trueness and precision of stereolithography (SLA) and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) in fabricating Cast Partial Denture (CPD) frameworks.A partially edentulous mandibular replica was scanned to create a master STL file. Using CAD software, 32 frameworks were designed and produced: 16 using DMLS and 16 using SLA. The frameworks were digitized using a high-precision scanner and compared to the original CAD design using 3D analysis software. Five Areas of Interest (AOIs) were identified: the lingual plate, right and left I-bars, and right and left proximal plates. Gap distances and Root Mean Square (RMS) values were calculated for statistical analysis.No statistically significant differences were found between DMLS and SLA techniques across the five AOIs (p &#62; 0.05). RMS values for DMLS ranged from 0.0290 mm to 0.0348 mm, whereas SLA values ranged from 0.0337 mm to 0.0387 mm. The right proximal plate showed a marginally non-significant difference (p = 0.0560), favoring DMLS.Both DMLS and SLA techniques demonstrated comparable accuracy in producing cast partial denture frameworks across all examined areas. This study provides valuable insights for dental professionals in selecting manufacturing techniques for CPD frameworks by considering factors such as cost and material properties.
The Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Lung Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kadir Yolanda , Sabirin Rahmaningsih Mara , Hasyim Ammar Abdurrahman , Iqbal Roihan Mohamad , Siswanto Siswanto 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Chronic dyspnea promotes a pathologic cycle of decreased activity, which has been shown to limit exercise tolerance and deteriorate quality of life (QoL). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a resistance-based exercise regimen that aims to improve the strength and endurance of the inspiratory muscles, thereby reducing respiratory symptoms. This study aimed to comprehensively review the possible beneficial effects of IMT on various aspects of lung cancer patients.
Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to 20 May 2024. All clinical trials examining the impact of IMT on lung cancer patients, utilizing either quantitative or qualitative approaches, were included. The extracted data were then descriptively presented, focusing on the main themes to provide a comprehensive literature review.
Results: This scoping review identified 9 unique studies comprising eight randomized-controlled trials and one retrospective cohort study with 460 lung cancer patients. An IMT regimen was proven to reduce sedentary behavior and significantly improve physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQL). Furthermore, the IMT program reduced dyspnea, improving maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) and 6-minute walking test (6MWT). It also provided the benefits of shorter postoperative stay and reduced patient distress concerning dyspnea.
Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle training provides several benefits, including improvements in dyspnea indexes, exercise tolerance, and overall HRQL. Further studies are required to determine the optimal IMT regimen for this special population.
IFNγ preconditioning improves neuroprotection of MSC-derived vesicles on injured retinal ganglion cells by suppressing microglia activation via miRNA-dependent ribosome activity
Authors: You Tianjing , Yang Yuanxing , A Luodan , Cheng Xuan , Lin Xi , Liang Qingle , Ge Lingling , Xie Jing , Chen Siyu , Liu Na , He Juncai , Xu Haiwei , Ma Xiang 
Published: February 2025

Aim: Microglial activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration resulting from optic nerve crush (ONC). Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to prevent retinal degeneration by modulating microglial activation. In this study, we elucidated the specific effects of sEVs derived from IFN-γ-primed MSCs on the phenotypic transition of microglia and the associated pathways in ONC mice.
Methods: The ONC mice model was established and administered intravitreal injection with the sEVs derived from native MSCs (native sEVs) and the sEVs derived from MSCs primed with IFN-γ (IFNγ-sEVs). Their respective effects on the survival of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the transition of microglia phenotypes were determined through visual function testing and immunohistochemical staining. Combined with mRNA seq and microRNA seq techniques, we elucidated the mechanism of modulation of microglia phenotypic transformation by sEVs derived from MSCs primed by IFNγ.
Results: It demonstrated that IFNγ-sEVs exhibited superior protective effects against RGC loss and reduced inflammatory responses in the ONC retina compared to native sEVs. Both types of sEVs promoted microglia activation to disease-associated microglia (DAM) phenotype, while IFNγ-sEVs especially suppressed interferon-responsive microglia (IRM) activation during RGCs degeneration. Subsequent miRNA sequencing suggested that miR-423-5p , which exhibited the most significant differential expression between the two sEVs types and elevated expression in IFNγ-sEVs, inhibited the expression of IRM and ribosomal genes.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that IFN-γ-preconditioned MSCs may enhance sEVs of neuroprotection on RGCs by suppressing IRM activation through the secretion of sEVs containing specific microRNAs in ONC mice.
Integrated vs. parallel treatment in adolescents with substance use and comorbid disorders: A randomized trial
Authors: Díaz Hurtado Rosa , Goti Javier , Magallón-Neri Ernesto , Mateus-Gómez Sandra , Ilzarbe Daniel , Castro-Fornieles Josefina 
Published: February 2025

Integrated treatments are often recommended for adolescents with substance use disorders (SUD) and comorbid pathologies. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two different intervention programs (integrated and parallel) and to investigate treatment outcome predictors. Seventy-five adolescents (13-17 years old) with substance use and comorbid disorders referred to our outpatient program were randomized to integrated (n = 33) or parallel (n = 32) treatment groups. Their sociodemographic variables, psychopathology, substance use problems, and global functioning were assessed at baseline and 12 months after treatment initiation. Both treatments were associated with positive pre-post changes in several outcome variables (severity of school, family, and psychiatric problems; global functioning; and stage of change). Integrated treatment showed better outcome on adherence (χ2 = 14.328; p > .001) and a composite global measure based on the severity of drug-related problems (χ2 = 8.833, p = .003). Following an adaptive treatment strategy, we offered patients who dropped out of parallel treatment (n = 12) the possibility of entering integrated treatment. Eleven of them accepted and constituted a third comparison group (parallel-to-integrated). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the likelihood of a positive global treatment outcome increased with integrated or parallel-to-integrated treatment, internalizing or mixed comorbid disorders, older age, and fewer legal issues. Integrated treatment showed better adherence and global treatment outcomes than parallel treatment in adolescent patients with dual disorders. Older age and fewer legal issues were also related to a positive global treatment outcome.
Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Antigens and Enriched Pathways Identify New Targets for Therapy
Authors: Mohamed Eithar , Goodman Sara , Cooksey Leah , Fletcher Daniel , Boncheva Viktoriya , Mills Ken , Orchard Kim , Guinn Barbara 
Published: February 2025

Background: Adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (aB-ALL) is characterised by abnormal differentiation and proliferation of lymphoid progenitors. Despite a significant improvement in relapse-free and overall survival for children with B-ALL, aB-ALL has a particularly poor prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of 20%. First remission is achieved for most patients but relapse is common with a high associated mortality. New treatments such as immunotherapy offer an opportunity to extend remission and prevent relapse. Methods: aB-ALL antigens were identified using different sources - immunoscreening, protoarrays, two microarrays and one cancer-testis antigen (CTA) database, and a review of the genomic analyses of aB-ALL. 385 aB-ALL-associated gene products were examined for their association with patient survival. Results: We identified 87 transcripts with differential expression between aB-ALL and healthy donors, and 42 that were associated with survival. Enrichr analysis showed that the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGFβ), Wnt and hippo pathways were highly represented (p&amp;lt;0.02). We found that SOX4 was upregulated in all types of B-ALL, while ROCK1 was upregulated in all types of B-ALL (p&amp;lt;0.001 except t(8;14)) and along with SMAD3 and TEAD4 were associated with survival (p=0.0008, 0.05 and 0.001 respectively). Expression of each aB-ALL antigen was verified by qPCR but only TEAD4 showed significant transcript upregulation in aB-ALL compared to healthy donor CD19+ cells (p=0.01). Conclusions: We have identified a number of antigens and their pathways that play key roles in aB-ALL and may act as useful targets for future immunotherapy strategies.
Impact of thiamin supplementation on thiamin pyrophosphate effect and cardiac function in pediatric heart disease patients on diuretics: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sumboonnanonda Rathaporn , Vijarnsorn Chodchanok , Saengpanit Puthita , Srisa Chatchawan , Chotipanang Kwanjai , Junnu Sarawut , Kunnangja Supawan , Rukprayoon Hathaichanok , Phuangphan Phakkanan , Suiwongsa Bordeesuda , Liammongkolkul Sompong , Laohathai Phakwan , Densupsoontorn Narumon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Thiamin is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism. Patients on long-term diuretics, particularly those with heart disease, are at risk of thiamin deficiency (TD) due to increased urinary loss, which may impact cardiac function. We evaluated changes in thiamin pyrophosphate effect (TPPE) values after 4 weeks of thiamin supplementation compared to placebo in pediatric heart disease patients receiving diuretics. The secondary objectives included assessing changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and identifying factors associated with TPPE changes.
Methods
In this triple-blinded, randomized controlled trial, we recruited 45 children (aged 1 month to 15 years) with heart disease with increased pulmonary blood flow or congestive heart failure, all on diuretics for ≥ 1 month. Participants were randomly allocated to receive thiamin 25 mg/day, thiamin 50 mg/day, or placebo for 4 weeks. TD was defined as TPPE values ≥ 15%.
Results
At baseline, 9 of 45 participants (20%) had TD. After 4 weeks, no significant differences in changes in TPPE values or LVEF were observed among the three groups (all p > 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that furosemide dosage was independently associated with TPPE changes (β: +0.36, p = 0.015), indicating a dose-dependent association with thiamin status.
Conclusions
Thiamin supplementation at 25 mg/day or 50 mg/day did not significantly improve TPPE values or LVEF. However, furosemide dosage correlated with TPPE changes, indicating a need for tailored thiamin supplementation strategies in pediatric heart disease patients on diuretics. For those with TD, doses exceeding 50 mg/day may be necessary.
Trial registration number:
NCT03989700 (ClinicalTrials.gov). Date of registration: 18/06/2019.
High-Throughput Mapping of Synaptic Connectome with Single-Cell Spatial Resolution
Authors: Xu Hua-tai , Zhu Yi-jun , Wang Ya-qian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Mapping neural connectivity requires spatial precision unattainable by conventional barcode sequencing. We developed CASS (Combination of Artificial Short Sequences) barcodes—error-resistant molecular tags optimized for in situ hybridization—and integrated them with rabies virus monosynaptic tracing. This synergy enables histological connectome mapping via FISH-based decoding, preserving anatomical context while achieving single-cell resolution. Applied to the primary visual cortex, we identified 1,532 spatially resolved synaptic pairs across three mice, revealing: 1) layer-specific intracortical connectivity patterns, and 2) topographically organized thalamocortical projections. The platform's throughput capacity allows parallel tracing of multiple neural populations, overcoming spatial disassociation limitations of sequencing-based methods. By combining viral tracing scalability with histological validation, our framework supports quantitative analysis of connectivity motifs in intact tissues at micron resolution. This advance provides a critical tool for investigating structure-function relationships in neural circuits, particularly where spatial organization underpins computational functions.
Impact of Drought Stress on Vegetative Growth and Grain Filling Stages: Morphological Traits and Yield Components of Six New Corn Hybrids in Iran
Authors: Barzegari Ali , Taghian Elaheh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of drought stress on various agronomic traits of corn hybrids, highlighting the physiological responses and yield performance under water-limited conditions. Conducted in Shush County, Iran, the experiment utilized a split-plot design with four replications. The primary factors included three irrigation levels: normal irrigation, drought stress from emergence to tassel appearance, and drought stress from the end of pollination to physiological maturity. The secondary factors were seven corn hybrids, including six new hybrids and the control variety, SC704. The results revealed that drought stress, particularly during the vegetative growth period, significantly reduced the growth duration, leaf area index, biological yield, and grain yield. One of the hybrids, labeled as H4 demonstrated the highest resilience, maintaining superior biological yield, grain yield, and leaf area under drought conditions. These findings underscore the importance of selecting drought-tolerant hybrids for cultivation in regions prone to water scarcity. Future research should incorporate additional abiotic stresses to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the corn hybrids’ performance in diverse environmental conditions.
Tunable orbital Chern insulating states in crystalline Bernal-tetralayer graphene
Authors: Cho Sungjae , Lee Taehun , Kim Jinkyu , Feng Xilin , Sun Zi-Ting , Jin Taehyuk , Sung Kyunghwan , Seo Ganghyeok , Goo Dongbeom , Lee Seok , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Law Kam Tuen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Multilayer graphene systems, with their rich interplay of valley and layer degrees of freedom and associated order parmeters, host a variety of topological phenomena. Recent studies have induced moiré superlattices and spin-orbit proximity effects in multilayer graphene to realize quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effects driven by orbital ferromagnetism. Here, we report the observation of a Hall resistance quantized at ±h/6e², which persists down to 20 mT, with an anomalous Hall effect in Bernal-stacked tetralayer graphene near charge neutrality. Experimental evidence of magnetic field, electric field and carrier density tunability of a ferromagnetic order provides convincing evidence for a Chern insulating state with a Chern number of 6. A theory reveals that this arises from an electric-field-driven topological phase transition enabled by a layer antiferro-valleytric order that couples the valley and layer degrees of freedom. Our findings uncover previously unrecognized layer-valley antiferroic orders and their resulting highly tunable orbital Chern insulating states in the single crystalline material, achieved without moiré engineering or spin-orbit coupling.
The effect of lavender essential oil for delirium in elderly ICU patients: Study protocol for a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Tan Judan , Ren Dongsheng , Zhou Yuling , Luo Zhenchun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Elderly critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at risk of delirium, which is primarily characterized by acute consciousness impairment and perceptual, cognitive, and memory impairment, resulting in excess death, care expenditures, and acquired dementia, which severely affect the prognosis of critically ill patients. However, there are currently no effective pharmacological strategies for preventing delirium. Inhalation aromatherapy has been proven to benefits the sleep disorder, anxiety or depression and lavender oil is one of the most used essential oils. Therefore, we hypothesized that the use of lavender would reduce the prevalence rate and shorten the duration of delirium in ICU patients.
Methods and analysis: This trial was designed to be a randomized, single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 68 elderly patients from ICU will be randomly allocated at a 1:1 ratio to the intervention group or the control group. Both groups will receive the ABCDEF (A2F) bundle strategy recommended by guidelines, a multi-component approach including pain and delirium management, breathing trial practice, family engagement and so on, to prevent delirium. The intervention group will additionally receive aromatherapy lasting for five days. The primary endpoints are the prevalence of delirium. Secondary outcomes include the severity and duration of delirium, the length of ICU stay, the duration of physical restraint, the duration of analgesic and sedative medication and the 28-day mortality rate. We will use the CAM-ICU to measure the prevalence of delirium and analyses of variance (ANOVAs) or repeated-measures ANOVAs and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests to analyze the observation results.
Discussion: The incidence of delirium in the ICU is high, which significantly impacts the short-term therapeutic effects and long-term quality of life for critically ill patients. This study we proposed will be a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of aromatherapy in preventing delirium and the results of this study will provide deeper insights into the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for delirium patients. If the experimental results are promising, further research can be conducted on the specific impact pathways and mechanisms of this treatment among elderly patients with delirium.
Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine hospital (Ethical Review Number:2023-ky-47). The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The study sponsor does not have any role in study-related activities or in the final publication of the study.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. Registration Number:ChiCTR2400088130. Registration Date:2024-8-12.
Application of ¹H NMR-based metabolomics in childhood leukemia. A preliminary study.
Authors: Serrafi Agata , Pupek Małgorzata , Lewandowski Łukasz , Janicka-Kłos Anna , Niedziela Tomasz , Wasilewski Andrzej , Kasprzak Adrian , Matera-Witkiewicz Agnieszka , Zatoński Tomasz , Połtyn-Zaradna Katarzyna , Ściskalska Milena , Brutkowski Tomasz , Kazanowska Bernarda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Cancer cells undergo significant metabolic changes to support their rapid proliferation and growth. Leukemias, a diverse group of blood cancers, constitute a significant proportion of childhood cancers. This heterogeneity may result in distinct metabolic profiles, offering potential insights for improved diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing is essential to detect central nervous system involvement by leukemia and to counteract the effects of the involvement.. In preliminary study, a qualitative, untargeted metabolomics approach was used to analyze CSF and plasma samples from children with leukemia. A total of 20 pairs of CSF and plasma samples from patients were included in the analysis, along with 20 plasma samples from healthy children. ¹H NMR spectroscopy revealed more than 33 metabolites in the samples. Significant differences were observed between the metabolite profiles of CSF and plasma, with some metabolites being common to both fluids and others being unique to each. Our preliminary findings suggest that patients with leukemia exhibit distinct metabolic profiles between plasma and CSF and between plasma in leukemia and plasma from healthy controls. Further studies are warranted to investigate the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of metabolic profiling in childhood leukemia.