bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Passage efficiency and behaviour of sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus, Linnaeus 1758) at a large marine–freshwater barrier
Authors: Griffioen Arie Benjamin , van Keeken Olvin Alior , Hamer Alicia Lianne , Winter Hendrik Volken 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPassage success of sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus and behaviour in the vicinity of man‐made structures such as marine–freshwater barriers are poorly understood. To mitigate these migratory problems, a better understanding of passage behaviour is needed. To investigate this, 25 sea lampreys were tagged with V7 VEMCO acoustic transmitters at a large marine‐freshwater barrier, consisting of ten sluice gates and a ship lock complex in the Netherlands. Overall passage success was assessed to be 16%, with four sea lampreys passing the sluice gates, while none passed the ship locks. Successful passage through the barrier occurred either at the beginning or at the end of a discharge period, when water level differences between sea and lake and thus water velocities were relatively low. Most sea lamprey showed exploratory searching behaviour but only for a short duration, before leaving the area again when unsuccessful. Low passage success and search duration were likely related to the unnatural infrequent occurrence of flow and only short lasting windows with suitable conditions for passage at the sluice gates. To mitigate the poor migration success of sea lampreys at the marine‐freshwater barrier with the current adapted sluice management, a fish passage facility with lower water velocities and longer or continuous passage opportunities is needed.
Learning progressions as a simplified model: Examining teachers' reported uses to inform classroom assessment practices
Authors: Alonzo Alicia C. , Wooten Michelle M. , Christensen Julie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs models of how students' thinking may change over time, learning progressions (LPs) have been considered as supports for teachers' classroom assessment practices. However, like all models, LPs provide simplified representations of complex phenomena. One key simplification is the characterization of student thinking using levels—that is, the twin assumptions that student thinking is both coherent and consistent. While useful for the design of standards and curricula, the LP level simplification may threaten the basic premise that LPs could be used to diagnose a student's level and then provide tailored instruction in response. At the same time, our work with teachers suggests that, even with their simplifications, LPs may be useful in the classroom. Thus, rather than abandoning LPs, we sought to understand their potential affordances by exploring how teachers learn from LPs (knowledge‐for‐practice) and contribute to deeper understanding of LP use (knowledge‐of‐practice) as they identify and enact uses of these tools. To do so, we engaged high school physics teachers in a 2‐year, LP‐based professional development program. Based on qualitative analyses of planning meetings and interviews with the teachers, we describe how teachers used LPs to support classroom assessment with varying reliance on the LP level simplification. Although teachers used LPs in ways that relied on the coherence and consistency assumptions of the LP level simplification, uses of LPs that did not require these assumptions were more prevalent both within and across teachers. This study's findings have implications for research, teacher professional development, and the design of LPs.
Understanding the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on teleworkers' experiences of perceived threat and professional isolation: The moderating role of friendship
Authors: Hu Xinyu (Judy) , Subramony Mahesh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDrawing from conservation of resource theory and the social support resource theory, this study examines how the severity of an exogenous disruptive event – the COVID‐19 pandemic – in one's community influences teleworkers' well‐being outcomes indirectly through their perceptions of pandemic‐related threat and experience of professional isolation, as well as the buffering effect of friendship on these relationships. Utilizing time‐lagged data from participants of a two‐wave survey panel (N = 351) and objective data of COVID‐19 severity from counties around the United States, we found that perceived threat, but not professional isolation, mediated the negative effect of proportion of confirmed COVID‐19 cases in the community on teleworkers' well‐being outcomes. Further, consistent with our predictions, support from friends significantly weakened the negative effects of threat and professional isolation on well‐being. Key theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed.
Intelligent Nanodelivery System‐Generated 1O2 Mediates Tumor Vessel Normalization by Activating Endothelial TRPV4‐eNOS Signaling
Authors: Zhang Shuaiqiang , Li Yuanhao , Li Zhuoyue , Wang Guangxue , Liao Ai , Wang Jingru , Li Hui , Guo Zefeng , Cheng Boyang , Zhang Xuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTumor microenvironment (TME)‐responsive intelligent photodynamic therapy (PDT) systems have attracted increasing interest in anticancer therapy, due to their potential to address significant and unsatisfactory therapeutic issues, such as limited tissue penetration, inevitable normal tissue damage, and excessive impaired vessels. Here, an H2O2‐triggered intelligent LCL/ZnO PDT nanodelivery system is elaborately designed. LCL/ZnO can selectively regulate tumor‐derived endothelial cells (TECs) and specifically kill tumor cells, by responding to different H2O2 gradients in TECs and tumor cells. The LCL/ZnO is able to normalize tumor vessels, thereby resulting in decreased metastases, and ameliorating the immunosuppressive TME. Further analysis demonstrates that singlet oxygen (1O2)‐activated transient receptor potential vanilloid‐4‐endothelial nitric oxide synthase signals generated in TECs by LCL/ZnO induce tumor vascular normalization, which is identified as a novel mechanism contributing to the increased ability of PDT to promote cancer therapy. In conclusion, designing an intelligent PDT nanodelivery system response to the TME, that includes both selective TECs regulation and specific tumor‐killing, will facilitate the development of effective interventions for future clinical applications.
Campanian (Late Cretaceous) Theonellidae and Phymaraphiniidae (lithistid Demospongiae) from the Miechów and Mogilno‐Łódź synclinoria (southern and central Poland): new data and taxonomic revision
Authors: Świerczewska‐Gładysz Ewa , Jurkowska Agata 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTheonellid and phymaraphiniid sponges were described for the first time in assemblages of Campanian lithistid Demospongiae collected from Miocene gravels in the Bełchatów lignite mine (Mogilno‐Łódź Synclinorium, central Poland). Here we add an analysis of sponges from museum collections, as well as of newly collected material from Campanian strata in the Miechów Synclinorium. Four phymaraphiniid and 11 theonellid species have been distinguished in these assemblages. Two phymaraphiniid species (Phymaraphinia infundibuliformis and Prokaliapsis janus), and five theonellids (Rhagadinia doederleini, Rhoptrum scytaliforme, Astrocladia laevis, Colossolacis plicata and Phyllodermia antiqua) have not been recorded previously from the Campanian of Poland. With three exceptions, all other theonellids and phymaraphiniids described herein are also known from the Campanian of Subhercynian and/or Lower Saxony basins in Germany. On account of the good preservation of the sponge skeletons, new data on the choanosomal and ectosomal spicules of Cretaceous theonellids and phymaraphiniids can now be presented. Our analysis of the distribution of theonellids and phymaraphiniids in various Cretaceous facies has allowed palaeoenvironmental factors conducive to the settlement of these sponges to be outlined.
Rangewide Population Structure of the Clearnose Skate
Authors: Nelson Lindsey Noel , Jones Christian M. , McDowell Jan R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSkates (family Rajidae) are benthic elasmobranchs that are highly vulnerable to incidental fishery bycatch, are discarded at sea, and are poorly accounted for in catch records. Many aspects of skate life history, such as population structure, are not well understood. Without this knowledge, indiscriminate removal may have deleterious effects on scientific, conservation, and management efforts. The Clearnose SkateRostroraja eglanteriais seasonally migratory and widely distributed in the coastal waters of the eastern United States and in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. This study used molecular techniques to assess the population structure of Clearnose Skate for use as a biological reference point for further research and management. Specimens were collected from 2014 to 2019 by fisheries‐independent surveys. High‐throughput genotyping‐by‐sequencing was used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms, resulting in two data sets: one consisting of 8,914 loci (outlier and neutral) and the other comprised of 30 outlier loci. Results from all analyses and using both data sets indicated a high level of genetic differentiation between specimens from the Gulf of Mexico and specimens from the U.S East Coast. Using the outlier data set, a low but significant level of genetic differentiation was also found among specimens from the U.S. East Coast, with a subtle break near the North Carolina and South Carolina border. Genetic differences along the U.S. East Coast were spatially autocorrelated, indicating a latitudinal genetic gradient. The level of observed genetic differentiation between the Gulf of Mexico and the U.S. East Coast is likely due to physical barriers such as Florida and the Gulf Stream current, while the subtle structure along the U.S. East Coast is likely attributable to isolation caused by dispersal limitations and local temperature preferences. The results from this investigation of Clearnose Skate population structure can be used to better monitor and manage this vulnerable elasmobranch.
Influence of coupling ratio on seismic behavior of hybrid coupled partially encased composite wall system
Authors: Zhou Qiaoling , Su Mingzhou , Shi Yun , Jiang Lu , Zhang Lili , Guan Lingyu , Yang Yukun 
Published: March 2022

SummaryPartially encased composite (PEC) members are novel composite members that efficiently exploit the advantages of mechanical properties of concrete and steel. However, the application of PEC members is limited to low‐ and mid‐rise buildings. To overcome this limitation, a study was conducted to assess the seismic performance of a newly proposed steel–concrete hybrid coupled wall consisting of PEC wall piers coupled by means of steel beams. Parametric analysis was conducted to investigate the elastic coupling ratio (CRelastic) and the way of changing CRelastic on the seismic behavior of the hybrid coupled PEC wall. The results showed that the CRelastic was the main parameter that affected the seismic performance of the wall. The way of changing CRelastic had little influence on the trend of the energy dissipation capacity and strength reservation of the wall. The failure mode and the development of plastic hinges of the wall were also not affected by the way of changing CRelastic. Both too large and too small CRelastic were detrimental to the seismic performance of the wall. To form an ideal plastic hinge development mode and experience good seismic performance, it is suggested that the reasonable range of CRelastic for the wall was 60%–70%.
From topological amplitude to rescattering dynamics
Authors: Wang Di 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We proposed a theoretical framework to correlate the topological diagram at quark level and rescattering dynamics at hadron level. In the framework, both the hadronic triangle diagram, and the topological-scattering diagram, which is the intermediate structure between topological diagram and triangle diagram, are expressed in the tensor form. The completeness of topological-scattering diagram is confirmed by the quark substructure of meson-meson scattering. The coefficient of each triangle diagram can be derived from the topological-scattering diagram and the total rescattering amplitudes are consistent with the ones derived from the chiral Lagrangian. If only the short-distance T diagram is considered as the weak vertex in triangle diagram, the rescattering contributions in the C, E and P diagrams have definite proportional relation of L(C) : L(E) : L(P) = −2 : 1 : 1 under the SU (3)F symmetry, and the rescattering contributions in the T and A diagrams only arise from the SU (3)F breaking effects. Taking D → Kπ and D → ππ modes as examples, we present our framework in detail. We find the Isospin relations in these decays are still valid in terms of triangle diagrams. Besides, the conclusions in the D meson decays under the SU(3)F symmetry can be generalized to the B meson decays under the SU(4)F symmetry.
Mixing and CP violation in D0 → K−π+ decays
Authors: Pajero Tommaso , Morello Michael Joseph 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We review the experimental methods to measure mixing and time-dependent CP violation in D0 decays into two hadrons. While these phenomena are usually neglected for D0 → K−π+ decays, this approximation is not always justified. In particular, it produces a bias on the measurement of the parameter yCP, when this is performed by relying on D0 → K−π+ decays as a normalisation channel, whose size is around 40% of the precision of the current world average. Finally, we estimate the sensitivity to the weak mixing phases achievable by studying D0 → K−π+ and untagged D → K−π+ decays, where D stands for either of the D0 and $$ \overline{D} $$

D
¯

0 mesons. Contrary to Cabibbo-suppressed D0 → h+h− decays, these decay channels allow to measure these phases without final-state dependent nuisance contributions from the decay amplitudes, but their sensitivity is lower by a factor of six.
Characters, quasinormal modes, and Schwinger pairs in dS2 with flux
Authors: Grewal Manvir , Parmentier Klaas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An integral representation of the 1-loop partition function for charged scalars and spinors, minimally coupled to a uniform U(1) field on S2, is given in terms of SO(1, 2) Harish-Chandra group characters and evaluated exactly in terms of Hurwitz ζ-functions. Analytically continuing the U(1) field, we interpret the path integrals as quasicanonical partition functions in dS2 with an electric field. The character itself is obtained as a trace over states living at the future boundary of de Sitter and has a quasinormal mode expansion. The imaginary part of the partition function captures Schwinger pair creation in the static patch at finite temperature. The thermal enhancement is most noticeable for scalar masses below Hubble and leads to non-monotonicity of the current as a function of the field. This parameter range, when dimensionally reducing from a charged or rotating Nariai spacetime, is excluded by Swampland-inspired bounds. Around the AdS2 black hole, in contrast to dS2, there is a threshold to pair creation.
Fibrotic activity quantified in serum by measurements of type III collagen pro-peptides can be used for prognosis across different solid tumor types
Authors: Willumsen Nicholas , Jensen Christina , Green George , Nissen Neel I. , Neely Jaclyn , Nelson David M. , Pedersen Rasmus S. , Frederiksen Peder , Chen Inna M. , Boisen Mogens K. , Johansen Astrid Z. , Madsen Daniel H. , Svane Inge Marie , Lipton Allan , Leitzel Kim , Ali Suhail M. , Erler Janine T. , Hurkmans Daan P. , Mathijssen Ron H. J. , Aerts Joachim , Eslam Mohammed , George Jacob , Christiansen Claus , Bissel Mina J. , Karsdal Morten A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to activation of fibroblast into cancer-associated fibroblasts, there is often an increased deposition of extracellular matrix and fibrillar collagens, e.g. type III collagen, in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that leads to tumor fibrosis (desmoplasia). Tumor fibrosis is closely associated with treatment response and poor prognosis for patients with solid tumors. To assure that the best possible treatment option is provided for patients, there is medical need for identifying patients with high (or low) fibrotic activity in the TME. Measuring unique collagen fragments such as the pro-peptides released into the bloodstream during fibrillar collagen deposition in the TME can provide a non-invasive measure of the fibrotic activity. Based on data from 8 previously published cohorts, this review provides insight into the prognostic value of quantifying tumor fibrosis by measuring the pro-peptide of type III collagen in serum of a total of 1692 patients with different solid tumor types and discusses the importance of tumor fibrosis for understanding prognosis and for potentially guiding future drug development efforts that aim at overcoming the poor outcome associated with a fibrotic TME.
Opposing roles of the entero-pancreatic hormone urocortin-3 in glucose metabolism in rats
Authors: Grunddal Kaare V. , Trammell Samuel A. J. , Bæch-Laursen Cecilie , Andersen Daniel B. , Xu Stella F. S. , Andersen Helle , Gillum Matthew P. , Ghiasi Seyed M. , Novak Ivana , Tyrberg Björn , Li Chien , Rosenkilde Mette M. , Hartmann Bolette , Holst Jens J. , Kuhre Rune E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aim/hypothesis
Urocortin-3 (UCN3) is a glucoregulatory peptide produced in the gut and pancreatic islets. The aim of this study was to clarify the acute effects of UCN3 on glucose regulation following an oral glucose challenge and to investigate the mechanisms involved.

Methods
We studied the effect of UCN3 on blood glucose, gastric emptying, glucose absorption and secretion of gut and pancreatic hormones in male rats. To supplement these physiological studies, we mapped the expression of UCN3 and the UCN3-sensitive receptor, type 2 corticotropin-releasing factor receptor (CRHR2), by means of fluorescence in situ hybridisation and by gene expression analysis.

Results
In rats, s.c. administration of UCN3 strongly inhibited gastric emptying and glucose absorption after oral administration of glucose. Direct inhibition of gastrointestinal motility may be responsible because UCN3’s cognate receptor, CRHR2, was detected in gastric submucosal plexus and in interstitial cells of Cajal. Despite inhibited glucose absorption, post-challenge blood glucose levels matched those of rats given vehicle in the low-dose UCN3 group, because UCN3 concomitantly inhibited insulin secretion. Higher UCN3 doses did not further inhibit gastric emptying, but the insulin inhibition progressed resulting in elevated post-challenge glucose and lipolysis. Incretin hormones and somatostatin (SST) secretion from isolated perfused rat small intestine was unaffected by UCN3 infusion; however, UCN3 infusion stimulated secretion of somatostatin from delta cells in the isolated perfused rat pancreas which, unlike alpha cells and beta cells, expressed Crhr2. Conversely, acute antagonism of CRHR2 signalling increased insulin secretion by reducing SST signalling. Consistent with these observations, acute drug-induced inhibition of CRHR2 signalling improved glucose tolerance in rats to a similar degree as administration of glucagon-like peptide-1. UCN3 also powerfully inhibited glucagon secretion from isolated perfused rat pancreas (perfused with 3.5 mmol/l glucose) in a SST-dependent manner, suggesting that UCN3 may be involved in glucose-induced inhibition of glucagon secretion.

Conclusions/interpretation
Our combined data indicate that UCN3 is an important glucoregulatory hormone that acts through regulation of gastrointestinal and pancreatic functions.

Graphical abstract
Developmental Differences in Left Ventricular Strain in IUGR vs. Control Children the First Three Months of Life
Authors: Änghagen Olov , Engvall Jan , Gottvall Tomas , Nelson Nina , Nylander Eva , Bang Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) may directly affect cardiovascular function in early life. Longitudinal data on left ventricular longitudinal strain (LVLS), a key measure of cardiac function independent of body size, is not available. We hypothesize impaired cardiac function among IUGR newborns and persistence of the impairment until age 3 months.

Method
This is a prospective cohort study of consecutive pregnancies where IUGR was identified at 18–38 weeks gestational age (GA) with healthy controls randomly selected at 18–20 weeks GA. Echocardiograms were performed at birth and at age 3–4 months, and then compared.

Results
At birth, mean (SD) LVLS did not differ between the IUGR group [N = 19; − 15.76 (3.12) %] and controls [N = 35; − 15.53 (3.56) %]. The IUGR group demonstrated no significant change in LVLS at age 3–4 months [− 17.80 (3.82) %], while the control group [− 20.91 (3.31) %] showed a significant increase (P < 0.001). Thus, LVLS was lower in the IUGR group at age 3–4 months (P = 0.003).

Conclusion
The lack of increase in LVLS may suggest that IUGR has a direct impact on cardiac function as early as during the first months of life.
Trial registration Clinical trials.gov Identifier: NCT02583763, registration October 22, 2015. Retrospectively registered September 2014–October 2015, thereafter, registered prospectively.
Shorter effective lifespan in laboratory populations of D. melanogaster might reduce sexual selection
Authors: Mital Avani , Sarangi Manaswini , Nandy Bodhisatta , Pandey Neha , Joshi Amitabh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

The role of sexual selection in mediating levels of sexual conflict has been demonstrated in many experimental evolution studies on Drosophila spp. where competition among males for mating was the target of selection. Sexual selection has also been shown to affect the evolution of life-histories. However, the influence of divergent life-histories on reproductive strategies and, therefore, sexual selection and possibly sexual conflict has been less well studied. We examined D. melanogaster populations selected for a short development time and early age at reproduction for changes in reproductive behavior and traits that are proxies of sexual selection. We report a large reduction in reproductive competition experienced by the males of these populations, compared to ancestral populations that are not consciously selected for rapid development or early reproduction, potentially leading to reduced sexual selection. We show that rapidly developing and early reproducing populations have very low levels of mating in their lifetime (females are more or less monandrous), low courtship levels, shorter copulation duration, and longer time from eclosion to first mating, compared to the controls. These results are discussed in the context of the previously demonstrated reduction of inter-locus sexual conflict in these populations. We show that life-history strategies might have a large and significant impact on sexual selection, with each influencing the other and contributing to the complexities of adaptation.

Significance statement
Sexual conflict, often manifested as an arms-race between males and females trying to enhance their own reproductive success at some cost to the other, is of great evolutionary interest because it can maintain genetic variation in populations, prevent the independent optimization of male and female traits, and also promote speciation. Sexual selection, or variation in mating success, is well known to affect levels of sexual conflict. However, it is not so clear whether, and how, the regular evolution of life-histories also affects sexual selection. Here, we show that life-history evolution in fruit fly populations selected for traits not directly related to sexual conflict might, nevertheless, mediate the possible evolution of altered sexual conflict levels through effects on sexual selection. Populations that evolved to develop to adulthood fast, and reproduce relatively early in life, are shown to potentially experience less sexual selection, which can explain the low sexual conflict levels earlier observed in them.