bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial fibrillation in cancer patients who develop stroke
Authors: Khamis Alia , Shaban Ala Emad , Altamimi Tamer Salhab , Shkoukani Zakaria Walid , Hamam Ismail 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute ischemic stroke (Stroke) and transient ischemic attacks (TIA) are known complications in cancer patients and those with atrial fibrillation (AF). The role AF plays in Stroke/TIA in the setting of cancer is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between AF and Stroke/TIA in cancer patients.

Methods
We conducted a case-control study comparing all patients who developed Stroke/TIA from 2014 to 2019 following a cancer diagnosis at King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), matched to Stroke/TIA-free controls based on age, gender, and cancer site.

Results
Two hundred seventy-two patients were included (136 per group). The mean age was 63.95 ± 13.06 and 57% were females. The Stroke/TIA group had more AF at the time of event (14% vs. 4%, OR: 4.25, 95%-CI: 1.39 - 17.36) and had a larger proportion of death on study conclusion (OR: 9.4, 95%-CI: 3.74 - 23.64). On conditional logistic regression, patients in the Stroke/TIA group had higher odds of: AF (OR: 7.93, 95%-CI: 1.6 – 39.18), ischemic stroke before cancer diagnosis (OR: 9.18, 95%-CI: 2.66 – 31.74), being on active cancer treatment (OR: 3.11, 95%-CI: 1.46 – 6.62), dyslipidemia (OR: 3.78, 95%-CI: 1.32 – 10.82), and renal disease (OR: 4.25, 95%-CI: 1.55 – 11.63). On another conditional logistic regression model built to assess the role of the CHA2DS2-VASc score, a score of >=2 in males and >=3 in females significantly increased the risk of developing Stroke/TIA in cancer patients (OR: 2.45, 95%-CI: 1.08 - 5.58).

Conclusion
AF, previous ischemic stroke, active cancer treatment, dyslipidemia, and renal disease are independent risk factors for Stroke/TIA and a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score significantly increases the risk in cancer patients regardless of AF.
Association between intimate partner violence and nutritional status of married Nepalese women
Authors: Chaudhary Arun , Nakarmi Janet , Goodman Annekathryn 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is physical, sexual, or psychological harm perpetrated by a spouse or an intimate partner. Its detrimental effects on women’s physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health are well-documented. However, its impact on nutritional status is not well-studied, and previous studies have led to contradictory findings. This study aimed to explore the association between intimate partner violence and the nutritional status of married Nepalese women.

Methods
The study used the 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Survey data, which employed a modified version of the Conflict Tactics Scale to determine women’s exposure to IPV. Anemia and low body mass index (BMI) were used as proxies of nutritional status. Multinomial regression was used to analyze the relationship between BMI and IPV; multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between anemia and IPV.

Results
The prevalence of underweight, overweight/obesity, and anemia were respectively 13.9%, 25.1%, and 38.7%. The prevalence of physical, sexual, and emotional IPVs experienced in the preceding year were respectively 9.8%, 4.6%, and 7.6%. Likewise, the prevalence of lifetime physical, sexual, emotional, and controlling behavior IPVs were respectively 21.8%, 7.4%, 12.3%, and 32.1%. The low intensity of emotional IPV (AOR 1.62; CI: 1.02–2.56) and moderate intensity of physical IPV (AOR 3.70; CI: 1.64–8.35) experienced in the preceding year, and low intensity of lifetime emotional IPV (AOR 1.69; CI: 1.11–2.58) were associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity. Moderate intensity of sexual IPV (AOR 2.59; CI: 1.099–6.108) experienced in the preceding year was associated with an increased risk of underweight BMI. The low intensity of lifetime controlling behavior (AOR1.25; CI: 1.03–1.53) was associated with an increased risk of anemia.

Conclusions
Emotional and Physical IPVs are significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity. Sexual IPV is significantly associated with an increased risk of underweight BMI, and controlling behavior is significantly associated with an increased risk of anemia. Seeking help could offset the detrimental effects of IPV; therefore, IPV screening should be a part of regular healthcare assessment for married women, and appropriate rehabilitation should be offered to IPV survivors.
Hemifacial spasm caused by tortuous vertebrobasilar artery: a case report
Authors: Librata Pramitha Nayana , Sani Achmad Firdaus , Kurniawan Dedy , Hamdan Muhammad , Nugraha Priya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Hemifacial spasm is a rare movement disorder. Prevalence estimates worldwide was 14.5 per 100,000 women and 7.4 per 100,000 men. Hemifacial spasm generally caused by compression of blood vessels at the root entry zone of the facial nerve in the brainstem, tortuous anteroinferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA). Direct compression by vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) with coincidence cavernoma is extremely rare.

Case report
A 50-year-old woman with right hemifacial spasm for 1 year, with a history of hypertension for 10 years, did not take medication regularly. MRI MRA was performed showing suspicious dolichoectasia in the vertebrobasilar artery and cavernoma in the left basal ganglia. Then digital subtraction angiography was performed, it was found that the tortuous vertebrobasilar junction artery with a curve to the right caused right hemifacial spasm.

Conclusion
Vascular imaging examination is important to do to find the cause of hemifacial spasm suspected to be due to vascular causes. The finding of two types of intracranial vascular malformations should be explored further. Therefore, the selection of therapy and management becomes more appropriate.
Evaluation of the risk of development of resistance to QoI fungicide ZJ0712 in Podosphaera xanthii under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Peng Qin , Fan Jieru , Wang Min , Liu Zeqi , Miao Jianqiang , Cai Meng , Huang Zhongqiao , Liu Xili 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGreenhouse-grown cucumbers were monitored over two successive growing seasons to investigate the effects of successive application of ZJ0712, a new quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicide, on the development of resistance in cucumber powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii). Resistant P. xanthii isolates were detected after nine successive applications of ZJ0712, although the control efficacy of this fungicide against cucumber powdery mildew at that time was still higher than 80%. Seven ZJ0712-resistant P. xanthii isolates with resistance factor values greater than 180 were obtained, which exhibited a stable resistance to ZJ0712. These resistant P. xanthii isolates had similar pathogenicity to the wild-type isolate on cucumber plants. The ZJ0712 showed significant cross-resistance with azoxystrobin, enostrobilurin, or chlorothalonil, but not with the azole fungicide triadimefon. Furthermore, the most commonly reported G143A mutation in Cyt b associated with QoI resistance was found in five of the seven resistant isolates. These findings suggest that there is a high risk of resistance development associated with using ZJ0712 for controlling cucumber powdery mildew under greenhouse conditions, and the underlying resistance mechanisms in different P. xanthii isolates are not consistent and need to be further unraveled.
CT severity score in COVID-19 patients, assessment of performance in triage and outcome prediction: a comparative study of different methods
Authors: Almasi Nokiani Alireza , Shahnazari Razieh , Abbasi Mohammad Amin , Divsalar Farshad , Bayazidi Marzieh , Sadatnaseri Azadeh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Lung involvement in COVID-19 can be quantified by chest CT scan with some triage and prognostication value. Optimizing initial triage of patients could help decrease adverse health impacts of the disease through better clinical management. At least 6 CT severity score (CTSS) systems have been proposed. We aimed to evaluate triage and prognostication performance of seven different CTSSs, including one proposed by ourselves, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients diagnosed by positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results
After exclusion of 14 heart failure and significant preexisting pulmonary disease patients, 96 COVID-19, PCR-positive patients were included into our retrospective study, admitted from February 20, 2020, to July 22. Their mean age was 63.6 ± 17.4 years (range 21–88, median 67). Fifty-seven (59.4%) were men, and 39 (40.6%) were women. All CTSSs showed good interrater reliability as calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between two radiologists were 0.764–0.837. Those CTSSs with more numerous segmentations showed the best ICCs. As judged by area under curve (AUC) for each receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, only three CTSSs showed acceptable AUCs (AUC = 0.7) for triage of severe/critical patients. All CTSSs showed acceptable AUCs for prognostication (AUCs = 0.76–0.79). Calculated AUCs for different CTSSs were not significantly different for triage and for prediction of severe/critical disease, but some difference was shown for prediction of critical disease.

Conclusions
Men are probably affected more frequently than women by COVID-19. Quantification of lung disease in COVID-19 is a readily available and easy tool to be used in triage and prognostication, but we do not advocate its use in heart failure or chronic respiratory disease patients. The scoring systems with more numerous segmentations are recommended if any future imaging for comparison is contemplated. CTSS performance in triage was much lower than earlier reports, and only three CTSSs showed acceptable AUCs in this regard. CTSS performed better for prognostic purposes than for triage as all 7 CTSSs showed acceptable AUCs in both types of prognostic ROC curves. There is not much difference among performance of different CTSSs.
Promising role of topical caffeine mesoporous gel in collagen resynthesis and UV protection through proline assessment
Authors: Seleem Mae , Abulfadl Y. S. , Hoffy NadaEl , Lotfy Nancy M. , Ewida Heba A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCaffeine, an alkaloid agent, has been globally used regularly in drinks, for the reduction in skin cancers and wrinkle formation. As a result of the previous, attempts have been carried out to use caffeine in cosmetology due to its antioxidant and UV ray protection effects. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of caffeine on collagen resynthesis via its effect on proline and prolidase biosynthesis on mice, orally and topically as mesoporous silica at three levels, and the influence on UV protection. In skin biopsies of orally and topically treated mice, the following was assessed using ELISA and Western blot techniques, the activity of prolidase, together with the concentrations of proline, beta integrin, insulin growth factor, protein kinases beta, and mitogen-activated protein kinase. Moreover, we loaded the caffeine on mesoporous silica and assessed the aforementioned parameters together with checkpoint kinase 1 and Rad3-related protein.ResultsCaffeine promoted collagen resynthesis in a dose-dependent manner. The mechanism of this process was found at the level of prolidase activity as caffeine significantly increased the enzyme activity. Caffeine also had a protective effect against UV exhibited by the over-expression of beta integrin, insulin growth factor together with the under-expression of protein kinases beta, mitogen-activated protein kinase, checkpoint kinase 1, and Rad3-related protein.ConclusionsOur study revealed the superiority of SYL-C12 (mesoporous silica-loaded caffeine gel), compromising the high level of the three independent factors, in terms of the measured responses in mesoporous silica with caffeine. Moreover, caffeine promoted collagen resynthesis with significant protective effect against UV apoptotic damage.
External auditory canal obstruction due to tuberous sclerosis complex angiofibromas: a case report
Authors: İşlek Akif , Şimşek Sadullah 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), an autosomal dominant genetic disorder and auricula and external auditory canal (EAC) involvement, is rare. Surgical excision is rarely recommended for cutaneous lesions.

Case presentation
A 31-year-old male patient was admitted with a complaint of left fullness, discharge, and conductive hearing loss. Symmetrical nodular cutaneous lesions on the malar region, tragus, and lateral portion of the EAC bilaterally were noted. The patient had diagnosed with TSC during adolescence clinically and genetically. Surgery was planned to obtain a favorable, self-cleaning EAC rather than total excision of angiofibromas. Angiofibromas on the EAC and tragus were excised. The defect was repaired by sliding a fasciocutaneous island flap inferiorly created in the preauricular area. No EAC stenosis or angiofibroma recurrence was observed during follow-up.

Discussion
Surgical excision for this clinical entity provides satisfactory management even if it was not routinely recommended for other skin lesions.
Relative Dose Intensity and Pathologic Response Rates in Patients With Breast Cancer and With and Without HIV Who Received Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Martei Yehoda M. , Narasimhamurthy Mohan , Setlhako Dipho I. , Ayane Gezahen , Ralefala Tlotlo , Chiyapo Sebathu , Gross Robert , Shulman Lawrence N. , Grover Surbhi , DeMichele Angela 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE Patients who are HIV-positive and have breast cancer have worse overall survival (OS) compared with patients who are HIV-negative. Pathologic complete response (pCR) and relative dose intensity (RDI) of chemotherapy are associated with survival. We assessed whether pCR and RDI rates were lower for patients who are HIV-positive and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). METHODS This was a prospective cohort analysis of patients initiating NACT in Botswana (February 2017 to September 2019). Primary outcomes were pCR and RDI; secondary outcomes were OS and toxicity. HIV status and zidovudine (ZDV) treatment were stratification factors. Multivariable analysis was used to control for confounding. RESULTS In total, 26 of 110 enrolled individuals were HIV-positive. In univariable analysis, HIV-positive (odds ratio [OR] = 0.2; P = .048) and RDI < 0.85 (OR = 0.30; P = .025) were associated with pCR. In multivariable analysis, the magnitude of association decreased for HIV-positive (OR = 0.28; P = .11), but RDI < 0.85 remained independently associated with pCR (OR = 0.32; P = .035). Patients who are HIV-positive had significantly lower mean RDI, and those on ZDV had significantly lower RDI. Ninety-one (83%) were stage III with 2-year OS significantly worse for patients who are HIV-positive (58% v 74%). Hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 2.68 (95% CI, 1.17 to 6.13; P = .028) in patients who are HIV-positive compared with patients who are HIV-negative. Toxicity rates were similar despite patients who are HIV-positive receiving significantly lower dose intensity chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Patients who are HIV-positive and have breast cancer in Botswana have lower pCR rates and also receive lower dose intensity therapy, which may contribute to worse OS. Patients who are HIV-positive on ZDV-containing regimens received even lower dose intensity of NACT. Administering optimal dose intensity in patients who are HIV-positive remains a challenge, and targeted interventions that address modifiable risk factors are needed to improve therapy delivery and outcomes.
Clustered 8-Oxo-Guanine Mutations and Oncogenic Gene Fusions in Microsatellite-Unstable Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Madison Russell W. , Hu Xiaoju , Ramanan Vivek , Xu Zhuxuan , Huang Richard S.P. , Sokol Ethan S. , Frampton Garrett M. , Schrock Alexa B. , Ali Siraj M. , Ganesan Shridar , De Subhajyoti 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE Colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) with microsatellite-instability (MSI) are enriched for oncogenic kinase fusions (KFs), including NTRK1, RET, and BRAF, but the mechanism underlying this finding is unclear. METHODS The genomic profiles of 32,218 advanced CRC tumor specimens were analyzed to assess the fusion breakpoints of oncogenic alterations including KFs in microsatellite-stable and microsatellite-unstable CRC. Genomic contexts of such alterations were analyzed to obtain mechanistic insights. RESULTS Genomic analysis demonstrated that oncogenic fusion breakpoints in MSI tumors do not preferentially involve repetitive or low-complexity sequences. Instead, their junction regions showed pronounced guanine and cytosine bias and elevated mutation frequency at G:C contexts. Elevated mutation frequency at G:C bases in relevant introns predicted prevalence of associated oncogenic fusions in MSI CRCs. CRCs harboring mismatch repair signatures had enrichment of butyrate-producing microbial species, reported to be associated with induction of 8-oxoguanine lesions in the intestine. CONCLUSION Detailed analysis of breakpoints in MSI-associated KFs support a model in which inefficient repair and/or processing of microbiome-induced clustered 8-oxoguanine damage in MSI CRC contributes to the increased incidence of specific oncogenic fusions.
Painting Bronze in Early China
Authors: Miller Allison R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Scholars of Greek and Roman art have long recognized that many sculptures that today appear unpainted were originally covered in bright, polychrome paint. In contrast, the hallowed works of China's classical antiquity, the bronzes, are generally believed to have been monochrome works. In recent years, however, many varieties of bronzes have been unearthed with polychrome ornamentation including sacrificial vessels, figural sculptures, mirrors, lamps, weapons, and personal ornaments. This article summarizes and interprets the current evidence for painting on early Chinese bronze artifacts based on recent archaeological discoveries and on newer advances in technical analysis. In particular, I show that the practice of applying paint to bronzes goes far beyond embedding pigment into the intaglio channels of bronzes such as occurred during the Shang and Western Zhou eras. I also demonstrate that especially in the Warring States and early imperial periods, painted coloration on bronzes took off in diversely rich and compelling ways. This article highlights the various modes and techniques of painting bronze in early China, and offers several hypotheses as to why such polychrome ornamentation was desirable in early China, reconciling those motives with our quite different modern sensibilities.
Between Concealment and Revelation
Authors: Kyo Yi Yi Mon (Rosaline) 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
After the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, the Empress Dowager Cixi, the de facto head of the Qing court, undertook projects to reconstitute her identity through the production of photographs and paintings. While they helped to reestablish and strengthen her ties with foreign nations, the paintings and photographs also enabled Cixi to contemplate the fluidity of identity and, subsequently, challenge the authority of colonial narratives. Variations of similar poses and the use of mirrors in highly staged photographs reveal the Empress Dowager's sly civility and mimicry of colonial photographic conventions to subvert the imperial gaze. Combining a reclamation of female authors' voices, including those of Katherine Carl, Sarah Pike Conger, Yu Derling, and Yu Rongling, with close visual analyses of select photographs placed within particular political, historical, and religious contexts, reveals the ways in which the Empress Dowager used photography not only as a space to negotiate political agency, but also as a subversive means to challenge the entire colonial apparatus of knowledge production that hinged so critically on the belief in photography's veracity and authenticity.
“Don't Be a Jerk”: Jewish Labor Organizations, Popular Art, and Anti-prejudice Education following World War II
Authors: Bussel Robert 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAttempting to capitalize on the gains made during World War II, many labor liberals feared a resurgence of racism and anti-Semitism that threatened to derail prospects for increasing union influence and advancing democracy in the postwar period. To counter the threat of demagogic appeals to workers, Jewish labor organizations and their allies launched a multipronged campaign “to tell biased people that the climate of opinion was against them” and “make people afraid to express overtly their bigotry.” This campaign drew on the insights of an influential network of social scientists, intergroup relations professionals, union and faith community leaders, and labor educators determined to quash the potential rise of domestic fascism with the countervailing force of a powerful union movement and an activist government. In consultation with social scientists and experts on mass persuasion techniques, they recruited a talented group of creative artists to produce posters, cartoons, and comics aimed at bringing their message to a working-class audience. This article reviews the assumptions that guided the climate-of-opinion campaign; examines the imagery, language, and messages artists used in their attempts to counter prejudice among rank-and-file trade unionists; and assesses the impact of these efforts. The mixed results of these activities underscored the serious challenges faced by labor liberals seeking to change entrenched attitudes of racial privilege and supremacy within the unionized working class.
Review of the research programme on the Mortella III wreck (2010-2020, Corsica, France): A contribution to the knowledge of the Mediterranean naval architecture and material culture of the Renaissance.
Authors: Cazenave de la Roche Arnaud , Ciacchella Fabrizio , Langenegger Fabien , Guérout Max , Milanese Marco , Crespo Solana Ana 
Published: May 2022

The Mortella wrecks are the remains of two navi, Genoese seagoing merchant ships, sunk in 1527 in the Bay of Saint-Florent (Upper-Corsica, France) during the Seventh Italian War. A programme of archaeological excavations and historical research has been held on one of them, Mortella III, between 2010 and 2020. It has involved a multidisciplinary team around a European research project called ModernShip (Horizon 2020), whose objective is to shed light on Mediterranean shipbuilding during the Renaissance, a field still little known to this day. At the end of these 10 years, the aim of the present article is to conclude this research programme with the presentation of a scientific review that complements a recently published monograph on the Mortella III wreck. This study presents the latest results on the ship's architecture obtained during the excavation of the wreck in 2019, including a study of the wood of the framework. Finally, this article broadens our understanding of the nave presenting the results of a collaborative line of research on material culture with three studies in close connection with the ship architecture: artillery, anchors and ceramics.