bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The geometry of decoupling fields
Authors: Bah Ibrahima , Bonetti Federico , Leung Enoch , Weck Peter 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider 4d field theories obtained by reducing the 6d (1,0) SCFT of N M5-branes probing a ℂ2/ℤk singularity on a Riemann surface with fluxes. We follow two different routes. On the one hand, we consider the integration of the anomaly polynomial of the parent 6d SCFT on the Riemann surface. On the other hand, we perform an anomaly inflow analysis directly from eleven dimensions, from a setup with M5-branes probing a resolved ℂ2/ℤk singularity fibered over the Riemann surface. By comparing the 4d anomaly polynomials, we provide a characterization of a class of modes that decouple along the RG flow from six to four dimensions, for generic N, k, and genus. These modes are identified with the flip fields encountered in the Lagrangian descriptions of these 4d models, when they are available. We show that such fields couple to operators originating from M2-branes wrapping the resolution cycles. This provides a geometric origin of flip fields. They interpolate between the 6d theory in the UV, where the M2-brane operators are projected out, and the 4d theory in the IR, where these M2-brane operators are part of the spectrum.
The complex heavy-quark potential in an anisotropic quark-gluon plasma — Statics and dynamics
Authors: Dong Lihua , Guo Yun , Islam Ajaharul , Rothkopf Alexander , Strickland Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We generalize a complex heavy-quark potential model from an isotropic QCD plasma to an anisotropic one by replacing the Debye mass mD with an anisotropic screening mass depending on the quark pair alignment with respect to the direction of anisotropy. Such an angle-dependent mass is determined by matching the perturbative contributions in the potential model to the exact result obtained in the Hard-Thermal-Loop resummed perturbation theory. An advantage of the resulting potential model is that its angular dependence can be effectively described by using a set of angle-averaged screening masses as proposed in our previous work. Consequently, one could solve a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with a potential model built by changing the anisotropic screening masses into the corresponding angle-averaged ones, and reproduce the full three-dimensional results for the binding energies and decay widths of low-lying quarkonium bound states to very high accuracy. Finally, turning to dynamics, we demonstrate that the one-dimensional effective potential can accurately describe the time evolution of the vacuum overlaps obtained using the full three-dimensional anisotropic potential. This includes the splitting of different p-wave polarizations.
Positivity bounds on effective field theories with spontaneously broken Lorentz invariance
Authors: Creminelli Paolo , Janssen Oliver , Senatore Leonardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We derive positivity bounds on EFT coefficients in theories where boosts are spontaneously broken. We employ the analytic properties of the retarded Green’s function of conserved currents (or of the stress-energy tensor) and assume the theory becomes conformal in the UV. The method is general and applicable to both cosmology and condensed matter systems. As a concrete example, we look at the EFT of conformal superfluids which describes the universal low-energy dynamics of CFT’s at large chemical potential and we derive inequalities on the coefficients of the operators, in three dimensions, at NLO and NNLO.
Hecke relations, cosets and the classification of 2d RCFTs
Authors: Duan Zhihao , Lee Kimyeong , Sun Kaiwen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We systemically study the Hecke relations and the c = 8k coset relations among 2d rational conformal field theories (RCFTs) with up to seven characters. We propose that the characters of any 2d RCFT — unitary or non-unitary — satisfying a holomorphic modular linear differential equation (MLDE) can be realized as either a Hecke image or the coset of a Hecke image with respect to a c = 8k theory. Benefited from the recent results on holomorphic modular bootstrap, we check this proposal for all admissible theories with up to five characters. We also find many new interesting Hecke relations. For example, the characters of WZW models (E6)2, (E7)2, ($$ {E}_{7\frac{1}{2}} $$

E

7

1
2

)2 can be realized as the Hecke images T13, T19, T19 of Virasoro minimal models Msub(7, 6), M(5, 4), Meff(13, 2) respectively. Besides, we find the characters associated to the second largest Fisher group Fi23 and the Harada-Norton group HN can be realized as the Hecke images T23, T19 of the product theories Meff(5, 2) ⊗ Meff(7, 2) and Meff(7, 2)⊗2 respectively. Mathematically, our study provides a great many interesting examples of vector-valued modular functions up to rank seven.
The dark (BPS) side of thermodynamics in Minkowski4
Authors: Hristov Kiril 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We explore the BPS limit of asymptotically flat black hole thermodynamics, drawing analogies with recent studies of black holes in anti-de Sitter space. Although ultimately motivated by supersymmetry and quantum gravity, the BPS limit is classically well-defined for the dyonic Kerr-Newman black holes in pure Einstein-Maxwell theory and various generalizations with additional scalars and gauge fields that admit embedding in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supergravity (for concreteness we consider the STU model). This limit is manifestly different from extremality as it includes a family of rotating Euclidean saddles that represent a (fictitious) thermal branch, smoothly connected with the extremal static Reissner-Nordström black hole and its generalizations with extra matter. We are able to evaluate unambiguously all BPS chemical potentials, finding constant imaginary angular velocity as a consequence of Wick rotation. In the mixed ensemble of fixed magnetic and varying electric charges, we derive the OSV formula that is crucial for the microscopic understanding of the system, and provide evidence that it should be interpreted as a fixed-point formula.
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Antibodies Are Higher in Lupus Nephritis and Vasculitis than Other Glomerulonephritis Patients
Authors: Szymczak Maciej , Heidecke Harald , Żabińska Marcelina , Rukasz Dagna , Wiśnicki Krzysztof , Tukiendorf Andrzej , Krajewska Magdalena , Banasik Mirosław 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAngiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) antibodies are considered non-HLA (human leukocyte antigen) antibodies connected with humoral rejection after kidney transplantation. The role of AT1R antibodies in the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases and systemic vasculitis is unknown. We assessed the level of AT1R antibodies in 136 patients with different types of glomerulonephritis and systemic vasculitis and we observed kidney function and proteinuria, serum albumin and total protein levels for 2 years. The mean levels of AT1R antibodies were the following: 6.00 ± 1.31 U/ml in patients with membranous nephropathy (n = 18), 5.67 ± 1.31 U/ml with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (n = 25), 6.26 ± 2.25 U/ml with lupus nephropathy (n = 17), 10.60 ± 6.72 U/ml with IgA nephropathy (n = 14), 6.69 ± 2.52 U/ml with mesangial proliferative (non IgA) glomerulonephritis (n = 6), 6.63 ± 1.38 U/ml with systemic vasculitis (n = 56), including c-ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) vasculitis: 11.22 ± 10.78 U/ml (n = 40) and p-ANCA vasculitis: 12.65 ± 14.59 U/ml (n = 16). The mean AT1R antibodies level was higher in patients with lupus nephropathy and systemic vasculitis compared to glomerulonephritis groups. An inverse statistically significant correlation between AT1R antibodies and serum albumin (r =  − 0.51) in membranous nephropathy group was also found. Prospective analysis of creatinine levels indicated an increase of creatinine levels during time among patients with higher AT1R antibodies levels in p-ANCA vasculitis. Lupus nephropathy and systemic vasculitis patients may have high levels of AT1R antibodies. AT1R antibodies may be associated with the severity of membranous nephropathy and the course of p-ANCA vasculitis, although influence of concomitant factors is difficult to exclude.
Separation of the effects of two reduced height (Rht) genes and genomic background to select for less Fusarium head blight of short-strawed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties
Authors: Akohoue Félicien , Koch Silvia , Plieske Jörg , Miedaner Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Key message
FHB resistance shared pleiotropic loci with plant height and anther retention. Genomic prediction allows to select for genomic background reducing FHB susceptibility in the presence of the dwarfing allele Rht-D1b.

Abstract
With the high interest for semi-dwarf cultivars in wheat, finding locally adapted resistance sources against Fusarium head blight (FHB) and FHB-neutral reduced height (Rht) genes is of utmost relevance. In this study, 401 genotypes of European origin without/with dwarfing alleles of Rht-D1 and/or Rht24 were analysed across five environments on FHB severity and the morphological traits such as plant height (PH), anther retention (AR), number of spikelets per ear, ear length and ear density. Data were analysed by combined correlation and path analyses, association mapping and coupling single- and multi-trait genome-wide association studies (ST-GWAS and MT-GWAS, respectively) and genomic prediction (GP). All FHB data were corrected for flowering date or heading stage. High genotypic correlation (rg = 0.74) and direct path effect (0.57) were detected between FHB severity and anther retention (AR). Moderate correlation (rg = − 0.55) was found between FHB severity and plant height (PH) with a high indirect path via AR (− 0.31). Indirect selection for FHB resistance should concentrate on AR and PH. ST-GWAS identified 25 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for FHB severity, PH and AR, while MT-GWAS detected six QTL across chromosomes 2A, 4D, 5A, 6B and 7B conveying pleiotropic effects on the traits. Rht-D1b was associated with high AR and FHB susceptibility. Our study identified a promising positively acting pleiotropic QTL on chromosome 7B which can be utilized to improve FHB resistance while reducing PH and AR. Rht-D1b genotypes having a high resistance genomic background exhibited lower FHB severity and AR. The use of GP for estimating the genomic background was more effective than selection of GWAS-detected markers. We demonstrated that GP has a great potential and should be exploited by selecting for semi-dwarf winter wheat genotypes with higher FHB resistance due to their genomic background.
Towards a domain-specific information architecture enabling the investigation and optimization of flexible production systems by utilizing artificial intelligence
Authors: Binder Christoph , Neureiter Christian , Lüder Arndt 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe industrial domain is undergoing a major transformation, pushed forward by emerging technologies originating from research or industry. The resulting trend, better known by the term Industry 4.0, advances automation within these manufacturing companies by providing ubiquitous interconnection. This enables the integration of technologies mainly used in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) or Big Data with the goal to optimize production processes or facilitate intelligent decision-making. While those processes are progressively supported by methodologies coming from the area of artificial intelligence (AI) like machine learning algorithms, sustainable and consistent storing of production data becomes increasingly important. Concluding, production systems engineering and information engineering are correlating with each other, as the respective results could be used to the advantage of the respective other discipline. In order to address these issues while developing such flexible production systems, the Reference Architecture Model Industrie 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) has been introduced. However, practical applications are lacking as this standard is mainly described in theory, which makes it difficult to actually apply this framework. Thus, the main goal of this paper is to specify a detailed architecture description of the Information Layer to ensure the practical application of RAMI 4.0, which allows stakeholders to utilize model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) for developing data aspects of industrial systems on the one hand and enable Information Engineering on the other hand. Supported by the concept of the Zachman Framework, the resulting architecture is applied and validated with the help of a real-world case study.
Bond graph model of line-start permanent-magnet synchronous motors
Authors: Mahmoudi Amin , Roshandel Emad , Kahourzade Solmaz , Vakilipoor Fardad , Drake Samuel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe bond-graph (BG) enables to model multi-physics systems in the energy domains. This paper shows that BG models are an alternative, more intuitive and simpler to interpret, graphical tool as compared to existing dynamic models for performance prediction of the line-start permanent-magnet synchronous motors (LSPMSMs). It includes electrical, magnetic, and mechanical energy domains where the stator windings, rotor bars, and permanent magnets are the main components of the model. The dynamical equations of the proposed BG are extracted and solved using the MATLAB ordinary differential equation solver for a sample LSPMSM. The dynamics of the studied LSPMSM is investigated under two operating conditions (1) a healthy motor and (2) a motor with broken rotor bars. The simulation results are compared with the finite-element analysis (FEA) as the most accurate method to simulate the electric motor behaviour. It is shown that the proposed BG model accurately predicts the performance parameters of the motor such as current, torque, and speed under various operating conditions. In addition to the modelling validation, the transient behavior of the LSPMSM are discussed to describe the possible reasons for its behaviour during transient and steady-state operating conditions.
Multisegment transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) combined with Ponte osteotomy in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) surgery: a minimum of five years’ follow-up
Authors: Qiu Hao , Chu Tong-wei , Niu Xiao-Jian , Zhang Ying , Yang Si-Zhen , Chen Wu-Gui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) with the administration of multisegment transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) combined with Ponte osteotomy long-level fixation fusion, as well as to identify the factors affecting health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods
This was a retrospective single-centre study involving comprehensive clinical data. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analog scale (VAS) outcomes, and Scoliosis Research Society (SRS-22) questionnaire were recorded to assess HRQOL. A correlation analysis was performed to determine the association between HRQOL and radiographic parameters.

Results
A total of 41 consecutive patients (15 males and 26 females) met the inclusion criteria with a follow-up of 8.62 ± 1.20 years. Factors associated with HRQOL were significantly improved post-operation. Global sagittal parameters, including the sagittal vertebral axis (SVA) and T1 pelvic angle (TPA), and local parameters, including apical vertebral translation (AVT) and apical vertebral rotation (AVR), were significantly improved at the last follow-up. Significantly strong correlations between each clinical and radiographic parameter were demonstrated. Moreover, a multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the differences in AVT and AVR were significantly correlated with the difference in lumbar lordosis (LL), which was significantly correlated with the differences in SVA and TPA.

Conclusion
The surgical treatment of DLS with multisegment TLIF accompanied by Ponte osteotomy and long-level fixations improved the quality of life of patients with a long-term effect. AVR correction is an important factor for LL restoration that significantly correlates with improvements in the sagittal balance parameters SVA and TPA, which are key factors for guaranteeing good HRQOL.
Excess Mg in situ powder addition for enhancing critical current density of ex situ MgB2
Authors: Hapipi Nurhidayah Mohd , Chen Soo Kien , Shaari Abdul Halim , Kechik Mohd Mustafa Awang , Lim Kean Pah , Tan Kar Ban , Lee Oon Jew , Miryala Muralidhar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, ex situ MgB2 bulks were added with (1.5 Mg + 2B) and sintered in an attempt to enhance its intergrain connectivity. The addition was varied within the range of 0–50 wt.%, and the sintering was undertaken at 700 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C, respectively, for 1 h. Superconducting critical temperature, Tc of the samples was determined to be around 38 K as shown by the temperature dependence of susceptibility measurement. It was found that critical current density, Jc increased with the increased amount of the addition. Jc was further enhanced to 2 × 104A cm2 (0 T, 20 K) as the sintering temperature was raised. The increase of Jc is due to improved grain coupling as a result of in situ formation of MgB2, which fills the voids and connects the ex situ MgB2 grains. Additionally, the grain coupling was further strengthened by solid-state self-sintering at higher temperatures. The increment of Jc was accompanied by a narrower width of double-step transition of Tc attributable to a more complete MgB2 phase formation of the samples as the sintering temperature was increased.

Graphical abstract
Analysis of associations between dietary patterns, genetic disposition, and cognitive function in data from UK Biobank
Authors: Schulz Christina-Alexandra , Weinhold Leonie , Schmid Matthias , Nöthen Markus M. , Nöthlings Ute 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Research suggests that diet influences cognitive function and the risk for neurodegenerative disease. The present study aimed to determine whether a recently developed diet score, based on recommendations for dietary priorities for cardio metabolic health, was associated with fluid intelligence, and whether these associations were modified by individual genetic disposition.

Methods
This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource. Analyses were performed using self-report data on diet and the results for the verbal-numerical reasoning test of fluid intelligence of 104,895 individuals (46% male: mean age at recruitment 57.1 years (range 40–70)). For each participant, a diet score and a polygenic score (PGS) were constructed, which evaluated predefined cut-offs for the intake of fruit, vegetables, fish, processed meat, unprocessed meat, whole grain, and refined grain, and ranged from 0 (unfavorable) to 7 (favorable). To investigate whether the diet score was associated with fluid intelligence, and whether the association was modified by PGS, linear regression analyses were performed.

Results
The average diet score was 3.9 (SD 1.4). After adjustment for selected confounders, a positive association was found between baseline fluid intelligence and PGS (P < 0.001). No association was found between baseline fluid intelligence and diet score (P = 0.601), even after stratification for PGS, or in participants with longitudinal data available (n = 9,482).

Conclusion
In this middle-aged cohort, no evidence was found for an association between the investigated diet score and either baseline or longitudinal fluid intelligence. However, as in previous reports, fluid intelligence was strongly associated with a PGS for general cognitive function.
Olive pomace oil can improve blood lipid profile: a randomized, blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial in healthy and at-risk volunteers
Authors: González-Rámila Susana , Sarriá Beatriz , Seguido Miguel A. , García-Cordero Joaquín , Mateos Raquel , Bravo Laura 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the effect of dietary consumption of olive pomace oil (OPO) on blood lipids (primary outcome) and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (blood pressure, inflammation and endothelial function as secondary outcomes).

Methods
A randomized, controlled, blind, crossover intervention was carried out in healthy and at-risk (hypercholesterolemic) subjects. Participants consumed daily 45 g of OPO or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSO) as control oil during 4 weeks.

Results
OPO significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; P = 0.003) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B; P = 0.022) serum concentrations, and LDL/HDL ratio (P = 0.027) in healthy and at-risk volunteers. These effects were not observed with HOSO. Blood pressure, peripheral artery tonometry (PAT), endothelial function and inflammation biomarkers were not affected.

Conclusions
Regular consumption of OPO in the diet could have hypolipidemic actions in subjects at cardiovascular risk as well as in healthy consumers, contributing to CVD prevention.

Clinical trial registry
NCT04997122, August 8, 2021, retrospectively registered.
SDC4-rs1981429 and ATM-rs228590 may provide early biomarkers of breast cancer risk
Authors: Vuorinen Sofia I. , Okolicsanyi Rachel K. , Gyimesi Martina , Meyjes-Brown Jacob , Saini Deepa , Pham Son H. , Griffiths Lyn R. , Haupt Larisa M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn Australia, 13% of women are diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) in their lifetime with approximately 20,000 women diagnosed with the disease in 2021. BC is characterised by complex histological and genomic influences with recent advances in cancer biology improving early diagnosis and personalised treatment interventions. The Phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/Protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway is essential in apoptosis resistance, cell survival, activation of cellular responses to DNA damage and DNA repair. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are ubiquitous molecules found on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix with essential functions in regulating cell survival, growth, adhesion and as mediators of cell differentiation and migration. HSPGs, particularly the syndecans (SDCs), have been linked to cancers, making them an exciting target for anticancer treatments. In the PI3K/AKT pathway, syndecan-4 (SDC4) has been shown to downregulate AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase (AKT1) gene expression, while the ATM Serine/Threonine Kinase (ATM) gene has been found to inhibit this pathway upstream of AKT. We investigated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HSPG and related genes SDC4, AKT1 and ATM and their influence on the prevalence of BC. SNPs were genotyped in the Australian Caucasian Genomics Research Centre Breast Cancer (GRC-BC) population and in the Griffith University–Cancer Council Queensland Breast Cancer Biobank (GU-CCQ BB) population. We identified that SDC4-rs1981429 and ATM-rs228590 may influence the development and progression of BC, having the potential to become biomarkers in early BC diagnosis and personalised treatment.