bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of principal component analysis‐multivariate adaptive regression splines for the determination of surface area in zeolites
Authors: Khanmohammadi Khorrami Mohammadreza , Sadrara Mina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, the principal component analysis‐multivariate adaptive regression splines (PCA‐MARS) technique was applied to efficiently predict the surface area in zeolites. Before building the MARS model, the data matrix obtained from infrared spectroscopy was subjected to robust principal component analysis (rPCA) and six principal component (PC) scores with the explained validation variance 97.983% were used as inputs to the MARS algorithm. The training set (72 × 6) was used to develop the rPCA‐MARS model, and the efficiency of the proposed method was evaluated in terms of coefficient of determination (R2), R2 estimated by generalized cross‐validation (R2GCV), root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), and mean absolute error (MAE). R2, RMSEC, RMSEP, MAE, and R2GCV in the piecewise‐linear rPCA‐MARS model were 0.9976, 1.4166, 1.8370, 1.0120, and 0.9955, respectively. We proposed also to use varimax (Var) rotated of the significant principal components as input to the MARS algorithm (R2 = 0.9964, RMSEC = 1.4214, RMSEP = 1.9031, MAE = 1.0511, and R2GCV = 0.9951). Upon viewing the PCA‐Var‐MARS results, we concluded that the obtained results are comparable with rPCA‐MARS results. In this study, principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), and support vector machine regression (SVMR) methods were also used for the quantitative determination of the surface area of zeolites. The RMSEP for PCR, PLSR, and SVMR was 11.5636, 8.7111, and 7.2426, respectively. Based on the results obtained, the MARS model is more reliable than commonly used regression models. It can be concluded that the rPCA‐MARS method is an appropriate method for analyzing spectral data to determine the textural properties of zeolite.
Reversible Photoinduced Conversion of Unprecedented Norbornadiene‐Based Photoswitches with Redox‐Active Naphthalene Diimide Functionalities
Authors: Leng Andreas , Weiß Cornelius , Straßner Nina , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn unprecedented compound class of functional organic hybrids consisting of a photoswitchable norbornadiene building block and a redoxactive chromophore, namely naphthalene diimide, were designed and synthesized. Within these structures the capability of rylene chromophores to function as a redox active catalyst upon their photoexcitation was utilized to initiate the oxidative back‐conversion of the in situ formed quadricyclane unit to its norbornadiene analogue. In this way successive photoexcitation at two different wavelengths enabled a controlled photoswitching between the two isomerical states of the hybrids. Beyond this prove of concept, the dependency of the reaction rate to the intramolecular distance of the two functional molecular building blocks as well as the concentration of the photoexcited sample was monitored. The experimental findings and interpretations were furthermore supported by quantum chemical investigations.
Molybdenum(VI) Bis(imido) Complexes: From Frustrated Lewis Pairs to Weakly Coordinating Cations
Authors: Milinkovic Angela , Dupé Antoine , Belaj Ferdinand , Mösch‐Zanetti Nadia C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMolybdenum(VI) bis(imido) complexes [Mo(NtBu)2(LR)2] (R=H 1 a; R=CF3 1 b) combined with B(C6F5)3 (1 a/B(C6F5)3, 1 b/B(C6F5)3) exhibit a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) character that can heterolytically split H−H, Si−H and O−H bonds. Cleavage of H2 and Et3SiH affords ion pairs [Mo(NtBu)(NHtBu)(LR)2][HB(C6F5)3] (R=H 2 a; R=CF3 2 b) composed of a Mo(VI) amido imido cation and a hydridoborate anion, while reaction with H2O leads to [Mo(NtBu)(NHtBu)(LR)2][(HO)B(C6F5)3] (R=H 3 a; R=CF3 3 b). Ion pairs 2 a and 2 b are catalysts for the hydrosilylation of aldehydes with triethylsilane, with 2 b being more active than 2 a. Mechanistic elucidation revealed insertion of the aldehyde into the B−H bond of [HB(C6F5)3]−. We were able to isolate and fully characterize, including by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, the inserted products Mo(NtBu)(NHtBu)(LR)2][{PhCH2O}B(C6F5)3] (R=H 4 a; R=CF3 4 b). Catalysis occurs at [HB(C6F5)3]− while [Mo(NtBu)(NHtBu)(LR)2]+ (R=H or CF3) act as the cationic counterions. However, the striking difference in reactivity gives ample evidence that molybdenum cations behave as weakly coordinating cations (WCC).
Post‐Synthesis Conversion of an Unstable Imine Cage to a Stable Cage with Amide Moieties Towards Selective Receptor for Fluoride
Authors: Bhandari Pallab , Mukherjee Partha Sarathi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSynthesis of robust covalent macrocycles/cages via multiple amide‐bond forming reaction is highly challenging and generally it needs multistep reactions. One‐pot reaction of appropriate di‐/tri‐acyl chloride with a diamine generally results polymers or oligomers instead of discrete architectures. To overcome this limitation, a strategy is reported here using dynamic imine chemistry for facile construction of imine‐based macrocycle and cage upon treatment of a diamine with di‐ and tri‐aldehydes respectively, followed by post‐synthesis one‐step conversion of imine bonds to amides to form the desired robust macrocycle and cage containing multiple amide bonds. While the macrocycle was found to form aggregates in DMSO, the cage was intact without any aggregation. Six amide groups in the confined pocket of the cage made it an ideal receptor for selective binding of fluoride with very high selectivity (∼3103fold) over chloride, and it was silent towards other halides, phosphate, and other oxyanions.
Probability of malignancy as determined by ThyroSeq v3 genomic classifier varies according to the subtype of atypia
Authors: Gajzer David C. , Tjendra Youley , Kerr Darcy A. , Algashaamy Khaled , Zuo Yiqin , Menendez Silvia Gra , Jorda Merce , Garcia‐Buitrago Monica , Gomez‐Fernandez Carmen , Velez Torres Jaylou M. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThyroSeq assesses the probability of malignancy (POM) in thyroid fine‐needle aspiration cytology specimens diagnosed as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS). The authors investigated whether defined AUS subcategories are associated with specific molecular alterations, the molecular‐derived risk of malignancy (MDROM), and the risk of malignancy (ROM).MethodsFine‐needle aspiration cytology reports of AUS and corresponding results from the ThyroSeq version 3 genomic classifier results were retrieved and subcategorized as follicular cells with either cytologic atypia (FC‐C), architectural atypia (FC‐A), both cytologic and architectural atypia (FC‐CA), or a predominance of Hurthle cells (PHC). The MDROM, ROM, and frequency of molecular alterations by subcategory were computed and analyzed, and p < .05 was considered significant.ResultsThe final analysis included 541 cases subdivided into 233 with FC‐A, 104 with FC‐C, 116 with FC‐CA, and 88 with PHC. The benign call rate and positive call rate for the AUS category were 72% and 28%, respectively, which varied between AUS subcategories. The MDROM by subcategory was 15.9% FC‐A, 20.5% FC‐C, 33.8% FC‐CA, and 14.4% PHC. Histologic follow‐up was available for 155 (28%) AUS cases with a follow‐up period ≥12 months. The 95% confidence intervals of the MDROMs overlapped with the ROMs. The highest MDROM and ROM were in the FC‐CA subcategory. RAS mutations were present in all subcategories. BRAF V600E mutations and papillary thyroid carcinoma were most frequent in the FC‐CA subcategory. Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features was significantly more frequent in the FC‐C subcategory.ConclusionsThe current results demonstrated that AUS subcategories are associated with specific genetic alterations, the MDROM, and the ROM. Molecular results and an awareness of various cancer probabilities within AUS subcategories can allow for a more tailored management.
Higher ATM expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines from centenarian compared with younger women
Authors: Hadar Adva , Voinsky Irena , Parkhomenko Olga , Puzianowska‐Kuźnicka Monika , Kuźnicki Jacek , Gozes Illana , Gurwitz David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith increased life expectancies in developed countries, cancer rates are becoming more common among the elderly. Cancer is typically driven by a combination of germline and somatic mutations accumulating during an individual's lifetime. Yet, many centenarians reach exceptionally old age without experiencing cancer. It was suggested that centenarians have more robust DNA repair and mitochondrial function, allowing improved maintenance of DNA stability. In this study, we applied real‐time quantitative PCR to examine the expression of ATM in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from 15 healthy female centenarians and 24 younger female donors aged 21–88 years. We observed higher ATM mRNA expression of in LCLs from female centenarians compared with both women aged 21–48 years (FD = 2.0, p = .0016) and women aged 56–88 years (FD = 1.8, p = .0094. Positive correlation was found between ATM mRNA expression and donors age (p = .0028). Levels of hsa‐miR‐181a‐5p, which targets ATM, were lower in LCLs from centenarians compared with younger women. Our findings suggest a role for ATM in protection from age‐related diseases, possibly reflecting more effective DNA repair, thereby reducing somatic mutation accumulation during aging. Further studies are required for analyzing additional DNA repair pathways in biosamples from centenarians and younger age men and women.
A rare case of inflammatory polyp in the common bile duct with cholangitis
Authors: Nakaoka Kazunori , Hashimoto Senju , Kawabe Naoto , Kuzuya Teiji , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Nakano Takuji , Uchida Yuichiro , Miyachi Yohei , Funasaka Kohei , Nagasaka Mitsuo , Nakagawa Yoshihito , Takahara Takeshi , Miyahara Ryoji , Shibata Tomoyuki , Tsukamoto Tetsuya , Suda Koichi , Hirooka Yoshiki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis of bile duct tumors can be difficult at times. A transpapillary bile duct biopsy findings with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography sometimes contradict diagnostic imaging findings. In bile duct tumors, inflammatory polyps in the extrahepatic bile duct are relatively rare with extrahepatic cholangitis. The disease's clinical relevance, including its natural history and prognosis, is not always clear. We show here a rare case of an inflammatory polyp in the common bile duct. A 69‐year‐old woman with abdominal pain was diagnosed with cholangitis. The findings of contrast‐enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography suggested that she had extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The examination and therapy of cholangitis were performed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The cholangiography revealed a suspected tumor in the hilar bile duct with some common bile duct stones. Then, after endoscopic sphincterotomy to remove tiny common bile duct stones, further detailed examinations were performed at the same time using an oral cholangioscope revealed a papillary raised lesion with a somewhat white surface in the bile duct; a biopsy was conducted on the same spot, and epithelial cells with mild atypia appeared in the shape of a papilla. Since the malignant tumor or the intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct could not be ruled out, extrahepatic bile duct resection was conducted with the patient's informed consent. Bile duct inflammatory polyp was the histopathological diagnosis.
Neuropathy scale score as an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wang Lian , Guo Simin , Wang Weimin , Xu Biyun , Chen Wei , Jing Yali , Jin Jiewen , Li Chenxi , Zhou Yihua , Zhu Dalong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsTo investigate whether peripheral neuropathy scale scores are associated with myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Materials and MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 32,463 T2DM patients were enroled from 103 tertiary hospitals in 25 Chinese provinces. Based on a history of MI, participants were divided into the MI group (n = 4170) and the non‐MI group (n = 28,293). All patients were assessed using four neuropathy scales, namely, Neurological Symptom Score (NSS), Neurological Disability Score (NDS), Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS), and Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), and some of the patients underwent evaluation of nerve conduction velocity (NCV) (n = 20,288). The relationship between these scores and myocardial infraction was analysed.ResultsThe neuropathy scale scores in the MI group were higher than those in the non‐MI group (p < 0.001). After dividing patients into four groups based on the grading criteria, our results showed that, in addition to aggravating the degree of neuropathy signs, the incidence of MI increased (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis results showed that neuropathy scale scores and NCV were both independent risk factors for MI (p < 0.001). Furthermore, among the scales used, MNSI presented a higher odds ratio and area under the curve (AUC; 0.625, p < 0.001) than the other three scales (AUCNSS = 0.575, AUCNDS = 0.606, and AUCTCSS = 0.602, p < 0.001) for MI.ConclusionsIncreased scores on these neuropathy scales (NSS, NDS, TCSS, and MNSI) and NCV were significantly associated with increased risk of MI and were considered independent risk factors.
Formal Syntheses of (±)‐Tuberostemospiroline and (±)‐Stemona‐lactam R and Total Synthesis of (±)‐Stemoamide
Authors: Bernardi Rosso Giovanni , Matos Paz Bruno , Aloise Pilli Ronaldo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe structure proposed for the putative Stemona alkaloid named as parvistemoamide (4 a or 4 b) has been questioned after revising the literature data and an attempted preparation of structure 4 a, which led to a 5 : 1 mixture of (±)‐stemoamide (1). Studies on the intramolecular Friedel‐Crafts alkylation of a furan 12 containing a Z double bond tethered to a precursor of a N‐acyliminium ion are reported. As shown for bromo substituted furan 31, the cyclization occurred when a 4‐carbon saturated tether was present, allowing for the formal syntheses of racemic tuberostemospiroline (2) and stemona‐lactam R (3).
Modeling and validation of three‐dimensional sliding‐rocking rigid block subjected to earthquake excitation
Authors: Bao Yu , Xu Yang , Wu Bin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA freestanding rigid block subjected to earthquake excitation is a problem of significant interest to the earthquake engineering community because it has many direct applications in the seismic performance evaluation of both structural and non‐structural components. Previous studies on this classical problem usually assume planar rocking is the only motion that can be activated. However, this is clearly not true when friction coefficient is not sufficiently large or the earthquake excitation is bi‐directional. To address this knowledge gap, this paper presents a three‐dimensional sliding‐rocking rigid body model suitable for dynamic analysis. Important aspects for this model, which include the formulation of nonlinear equations of motion, transitional criteria for different motion modes, as well as the approach to handle the impact, are described. Validation of the proposed model consists of two parts. The first part is the comparison with the numerical prediction from a different model available in the literature. The second part is the comparison with the experimental study from a series of shake table tests using vision‐based measurement. These comparisons suggest the proposed model provide relatively good accuracy. Finally, a case study of overturning probability of a non‐structural component shows that using a three‐dimensional modeling approach can give substantially different result compared to a two‐dimensional rocking model, which highlights the necessity of adopting such model.
CDEM simulation of top‐coal caving characteristics under synchronous multiwindow drawing in longwall top‐coal caving mining of extra‐thick coal seam
Authors: Zhao Tielin , Xu Gang , Zhou Yuliang , Huang Zhizeng , Xue Jisheng , Du Longfei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTraditionally, longwall top coal caving (LTCC) panels adopt the single‐window drawing mode and their drawing efficiency is relatively low. The synchronous multi‐window drawing (SMWD) mode is a remarkable approach to resolve the incompatibility between shearer coal mining and top‐coal drawing. The present paper analyzes the caving characteristics of top coal under SMWD in LTCC mining of extra‐thick coal seam. The caving and migration of top‐coal fragments were simulated by using the continuum–discontinuum element method (CDEM). The results show that the SMWD mode can effectively improve the drawing smoothness with larger caving channels compared to the traditional single‐window drawing mode. The main caving channel for top‐coal fragments was directly above the assembled multi‐window (AMW), and the size of the AMW had a great influence on the distribution of the velocity field. Additionally, the simulated draw body of the initial drawing adopted an elliptical shape, which changed into a variation ellipse with the increasing size of the AMW. The boundary of the simulated draw body of the initial drawing presented an irregular shape that deviated from the results predicted by the Bergmark–Roos model. Furthermore, the drawing efficiency increased with the expansion of the AMW, whereas the recovery ratio first increased and then decreased with the expansion of the AMW. Finally, field tests revealed that the SMWD mode can greatly improve the drawing efficiency. Thus, the recovery ratio under A2 and A3 SMWD modes was higher than that of the traditional single‐window drawing mode. Based on the results of field tests and CDEM simulation, it is recommended to adopt A2 and A3 SMWD modes to enhance the top‐coal recovery ratio and drawing efficiency. These research results could constitute a technical reference for automated highly efficient top‐coal drawing and high‐yield LTCC panel extracting extra‐thick coal seam.
Predicting earnings management through machine learning ensemble classifiers
Authors: Hammami Ahmad , Hendijani Zadeh Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we utilize six novel ensemble classifiers to predict earnings management (EM) in both its forms, accrual‐based earnings management (AEM) and real earnings management (REM), and then compare the EM prediction accuracy of wrapper feature selection (FS) and filtering FS techniques in the context of EM. Specifically, we integrate three well‐known filtering FS techniques (information gain [IG], principal component analysis [PCA], and relief [Re]) and three popular wrapper FS techniques (particle swarm optimization [PSO], genetic algorithm [GA], and artificial bee colony [ABC]) with the support vector machine (SVM) to generate our ensemble classifiers. We then assess the performance of each of the six ensemble classifiers to predict AEM and REM based on three criteria: type Ι error, type ΙΙ error, and average accuracy. The results show that the ABC‐SVM ensemble classifier outperforms the others in predicting both AEM and REM. We also find that, overall, wrapper FS ensemble classifiers outperform filtering FS ensemble classifiers in predicting AEM and REM and that it is more difficult for our ensemble classifiers to predict REM than to predict AEM. This paper contributes to the literature on EM prediction by introducing six new ensemble classifiers. It is also the first work (to the best of our knowledge) in the domain of ensemble classifiers' applications (a) to consider both REM and AEM in one context and to show that REM is more difficult to predict than AEM and (b) to compare the performance of wrapper and filtering FS techniques in the EM prediction setting.
Potassium channel Kir4.1 regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation via intracellular pH regulation
Authors: Wang Na , Zhou Liang , Shao Chong‐Yu , Wang Xin‐Tai , Zhang Nan , Ma Jiao , Hu Hai‐Lan , Wang Yin , Qiu Mengsheng , Shen Ying 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn humans, loss‐of‐function mutations of Kcnj10 in SeSAME/EAST syndrome, which encodes the inwardly rectifying K+ channel 4.1 (Kir4.1), causes progressive neurological decline. Despite its rich expression in oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells and an emerging link with demyelinating disease, the function of Kir4.1 in OLs is unclear. Here we show a novel role of Kir4.1 in OL development. Kir4.1 expression is markedly greater in OLs than in OL precursor cells (OPCs), and the down‐regulation of Kir4.1 impairs OL maturation by affecting OPC differentiation. Interestingly, Kir4.1 regulates the intracellular pH of OPCs and OLs via the Na+/H+ exchanger, which underlies impeded OPC differentiation by Kir4.1 inhibition. Furthermore, Kir4.1 regulates GSK3β and SOX10, two molecules critical to OPC development. Collectively, our work opens a new avenue to understanding the functions of Kir4.1 and intracellular pH in OLs.
Effects of daughter tiller removal on shoot and root growth of the parent tiller in Lolium perenne
Authors: Robin Arif Hasan Khan , Matthew Cory 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the effects of daughter tiller removal on parent tiller development in Lolium perenne.MethodsPlants of L. perenne were grown hydroponically to allow separation of roots by phytomer position on the tiller axis and allowed to form two daughter tillers. In Experiment 1, adult daughter tillers were excised and effects on subsequent main tiller growth were observed for 16 days, on average. In Experiment 2, the growth of main tillers with or without daughter tillers was compared over 90–100 days. Two cultivars, ‘Alto’ bred from New Zealand germplasm and ‘Aberdart’ bred from United Kingdom germplasm were tested.ResultsExcision of adult daughter tillers reduced the dry weight of older roots at the base of parent tiller axes and accelerated new phytomer appearance. Preventing tillers from forming daughter tillers by new tiller excision resulted in increased individual leaf and root dry weight in tillers without daughter tillers.ConclusionsThe data indicated that daughter tillers contributed substrate for root development of their parent tillers. The presence of daughter tillers reduced the size of their main tiller but greatly enhanced whole plant yield.
The activation of M2 muscarinic receptor inhibits cell growth and survival in human epithelial ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Taggi Marilena , Kovacevic Andjela , Capponi Chiara , Falcinelli Marta , Cacciamani Veronica , Vicini Elena , Canipari Rita , Tata Ada Maria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOvarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer‐related deaths in females. Many ovarian tumor cell lines express muscarinic receptors (mAChRs), and their expression is correlated with reduced survival of patients. We have characterized the expression of mAChRs in two human ovarian carcinoma cell lines (SKOV‐3, TOV‐21G) and two immortalized ovarian surface epithelium cell lines (iOSE‐120, iOSE‐398). Among the five subtypes of mAChRs (M1–M5 receptors), we focused our attention on the M2 receptor, which is involved in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Western blot analysis and real‐time PCR analyses indicated that the levels of M2 are statistically downregulated in cancer cells. Therefore, we investigated the effect of arecaidine propargyl ester hydrobromide (APE), a preferential M2 agonist, on cell growth and survival. APE treatment decreased cell number in a dose and time‐dependent manner by decreasing cell proliferation and increasing cell death. FACS and immunocytochemistry analysis have also demonstrated the ability of APE to accumulate the cells in G2/M phase of the cell cycle and to increase the percentage of abnormal mitosis. The higher level of M2 receptors in the iOSE cells rendered these cells more sensitive to APE treatment than cancer cells. The data here reported suggest that M2 has a negative role in cell growth/survival of ovarian cell lines, and its downregulation may favor tumor progression.