bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral inhibition of ER-phagy is critical to membrane remodelling for biogenesis of (+)RNA virus replication organelles
Authors: sanyal sumana , Lan Yun , Leur Sophie van , Fernandez Julia , Wong Ho , Kampmann Martin , Siu Lewis , Zhang Jingshu , Li Ming , Nicholls John 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Infection by (+)RNA viruses are accompanied by induction of ER-expansion and membrane remodelling to form viral replication organelles, followed by assembly and secretion of viral progenies. We previously identified that virus triggered lipophagy was critical for the process of flaviviral assembly, driven by the lipid droplet associated protein Ancient ubiquitin protein 1 (Aup1). A ubiquitin conjugating protein Ube2g2 that functions as a co-factor for Aup1 was also identified as a host dependency factor in our study. Here we characterized its function: Ube2g2-deficient cells displayed a dramatic reduction in production of flavi- and coronaviruses, which could be rescued by reconstituting the wild-type but not the catalytically deficient (C89K) mutant of Ube2g2, suggesting that its enzymatic activity is necessary. Ube2g2 deficiency did not affect entry of virus particles but resulted in a profound loss in formation of replication organelles, and production of infectious progenies. This phenomenon resulted from its dual activity in (i) triggering lipophagy in conjunction with Aup1, and (ii) degradation of ER chaperones such as Herpud1, SEL1L, Hrd1 to restrict ER-phagy upon Xbp1-IRE1 triggered ER expansion. Ube2g2-deficient cells were impaired in lipophagy, while undergoing wide-spread Sec62 and Chmp4 dependent ER-phagy, inhibiting membrane remodelling required for biogenesis of viral replication organelles. Our results therefore underscore a virus-driven exquisite fine-tuning of selective autophagy of organelles that drive host membrane reorganization during +RNA virus infection to enable biogenesis of viral replication organelles.
Simple adsorptive removal of Crystal violet, a triarylmethane dye, from synthetic wastewater using Fe (III) treated pine needle biochar
Authors: Joshi Manisha , Srivast Anjana , Bhatt Devesh , Srivast Prakash Chandra 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Untreated and Fe (III) treated, cost effective pine needle biochar (PNB) wereevaluatedat different pH forremoval of toxic crystal violet (CV) dye from synthetic wastewaters. Adsorption kinetics followed pseudo-first order kineticsinvolving intra-particle diffusion process. Theadsorption rate constant increased with Fe-treatment of PNB especially at pH 7.0.Adsorption data of CV fitted well to Freundlich adsorption isotherms and both adsorption capacity(ln K) and order of adsorption (1/n) of CV nearly doubled with Fe (III)treatment of PNB at pH 7.0. Desorption of adsorbed CV from both untreatedand Fe(III) treatedPNB could be eplained satisfactorily by third degree polynomial equations. Increase in ionic strength and rise in temperature enhanced dye adsorption onto untreated and Fe(III)treated PNB. Adsorption of CV was an endothermic spontaneous reaction with the increase in entropy of the system. FTIR spectra revealed that C = O of carboxylic acid aryls,C = O and C-O-C inlignin residues of PNB reacted with Fe (III)besides the formation of some iron oxyhydroxide minerals.The changes in FTIR confirmed the possible bonding of positively charged moiety of CV onto untreated and Fe treatedPNB. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed the porous surfaces of PNB with the clear accumulation of Fe (III) after treatment and deposition of CV dye on surfaces and pores of PNB. Iron (III) treatedPNBat pH 7.0 can serve as anecofriendly adsorbent for efficient removal of CV dye from wastewaters.
Comprehensive Analysis of CNN and YOLOv5 Object Detection Model to Classify Phytomedicine Tree’s Leaf Disease
Authors: Islam Md. Ashiqul , Haque Imdadul , Rahaman Mizanur , Jahan Tanjila , Shohan Sarwar Jahan , Ahmed Md. Tanvir , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Khatun Tania 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Phytomedicine is not only known to the poor people of East Bengal and West Bengal as a medicine but also as a beacon of hope for survival in a diseased life. In this approach, Terminalia Arjuna, Lawsonia inermis, Azadirachta indica, and Ocimum tenuiflorum Phytomedicine tree datasets. Terminalia Arjuna mainly protects gastric mucosa from oxidative damage and it makes it strong so that the stomach gets protection against ulcers. It also exhibits strong antibacterial and antimicrobial properties which help to fight against stomach infections like gastric, diarrhea, and dysentery. There are various uses of Lawsonia inermis. It is known as a powerful detoxifier and it helps to prefer healthy gum, and healthy hair and reduces arthritis pain. The flower of Lawsonia inermis can be used for headaches due to the heat of the sun. Neem is known as Phytomedicine for all diseases and the most common diseases are treated with acne, nourishing the skin, treating wounds, use to reduce dandruff and joint pain, etc. Mainly it increases immunity and provides a healthy life. Another famous Phytomedicine known as Ocimum tenuiflorum is used to treat kidney stones, alleviate fever and headaches, provide a healthy heart, healthy eye, healthy oral, and fight against acne, etc. It is also known as a big source of vitamin K. The most famous and fast object detection algorithms as YOLOv5 and Keras pre-trained models as Xception, ResNet152V2, VGG19, and InceptionResNetV2 have been developed to predict disease-affected or disease-free leaves. The implemented approach has gained a height accuracy of 97.00% from Xception and 95% accuracy from YOLOv5.
The structure of monkeypox virus 2′-O-ribose methyltransferase VP39 in complex with sinefungin provides the foundation for inhibitor design
Authors: Silhan Jan , Klima Martin , Chalupska Dominika , Kozic Jan , Boura Evzen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Monkeypox is an emerging, rapidly spreading disease with pandemic potential. It is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), a dsDNA virus from the Poxviridae family, that replicates in the cytoplasm and must encode for its own RNA processing machinery including the capping machinery. Here, we present the crystal structure of its 2′-O-RNA methyltransferase (MTase) VP39 in complex with the pan-MTase inhibitor sinefungin. A comparison of this 2′-O RNA MTase with enzymes from unrelated ssRNA viruses (SARS-CoV-2 and Zika) reveals a surprisingly conserved sinefungin binding mode implicating that a single inhibitor could be used against unrelated viral families.
The neuroprotective effects of dental pulp stem cells and erythropoietin in mice hippocampus after ischemia-reperfusion
Authors: Poor Shahram Mohammad , Moghadam Amir Johari , Rezayof Ameneh , Mehdizade Rana , Barbarestani Mohammad , Alizadeh Rafieh , Abbasi Naser , Katebi Majid , Soleimani Mansoureh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Brain strokes are the cause of death in many people, among survivors; it can cause problems such as motor and cognitive impairment. The role of the hippocampus and its damage in ischemia has been assessed by researchers. One of the treatments commonly used today by researchers in cell therapy. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the use of dental pulp stem cells and erythropoietin in mice hippocampus after ischemia-reperfusion.
Methods
In this study, NMRI male mice were divided into six groups. Except for the sham group, all groups group experienced ischemic hippocampus. A group received erythropoietin or dental pulp stem cells and the other group received a combination exposer of erythropoietin and DPSC, while the vehicle group received DPSC solvent and erythropoietin solvent. After eight weeks, they were subjected to a test of learning and memory by Morris water maze. Then, their brains were examined for histological assessment, and immunohistochemistry (DCX and NeuN for neurogenesis). Furthermore, VEGF was applied for angiogenesis and GFAP for gliosis examination.
Results
The behavioral function of the group receiving erythropoietin and the combined group (DPSC and erythropoietin) was better than other groups. The mean number of healthy cells in EPO, DPSC, and EPO + DPSC groups was significantly different from that of the vehicle group (P < 0.05). Besides, DPSC, EPO, and EPO + DPSC groups showed a significant increase in green density in comparison with the ischemia and vehicle groups (P < 0.05), but no difference was found between the ischemia and sham groups.
Conclusion
DPSC and erythropoietin were capable of increased neuronal function but behavioral studies revealed that outcomes of erythropoietin therapy are better than DPSC
Thermocapillary Bubble Oscillations and Migration in a Vibrating Cylinder in a Zero-Gravity Environment
Authors: Alhendal Yousuf , Touzani Sara , Turan Ali , Cheddadi Abdelkhalek 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Bubble migration in a vibrating zero gravity environment is numerically investigated using ANSYS-FLUENT software. A 3D CFD model is developed describing the two-phase flow of a nitrogen bubble immersed in a container full of ethanol. The Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and the geometric reconstruction scheme are used to track the liquid-liquid interface. The container is vibrated horizontally with different frequencies from 0 Hz to 1 Hz, and amplitudes from 0.005 m/s2 to 0.1 m/s2. The vibration impact on the bubble arrival times to the top and its ensuing dynamic is analyzed. Different bubble trajectory shapes are observed, other than the conventional vertical translation induced by the temperature difference. Compared to the no vibration case, the bubble motion is slightly either accelerated or decelerated for very low vibration amplitudes, Ab = 0.005 m/s2. For a fixed frequency f = 1 Hz, the bubble arrival time increases significantly with the vibration amplitude increment relative to the no vibration case. The vibration effect becomes more intense with the Marangoni number decrease when f = 0.2 Hz and Ab = 0.005 m/s2. Those results are difficult to obtain experimentally, signifying the importance of this numerical study to understand bubble motion and migration in space.
Modeling Accumulated Degree-Days for the Invasive Aquatic Plants Oxycaryum cubense and Eichhornia crassipes in Mississippi
Authors: Squires Allison , Turnage Gray , Wersal Ryan M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cuban bulrush [Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Lye] and water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms] are floating aquatic plants that cause major ecological and economical harm in the southeastern U.S. They are commonly associated with each other due to the epiphytic nature of O. cubense, in that it utilizes E. crassipes (and other floating plants or objects) as a colonization substrate. Increasing global temperatures may allow for the northward expansion of both species in North America. The purpose of this study was to model plant growth (i.e., biomass) as a function of accumulated degree-days (calculated from air temperature) to predict peak biomass of both species growing in Lake Columbus, MS. According to the model, E. crassipes base temperature threshold at which growth does not occur was between 3 and 4°C, while O. cubense base threshold was − 3 to -5°C suggesting that O. cubense has a more prolonged growing season with the ability to grow during the winter, allowing it to continue growth and spread after other species have senesced. O. cubense’s low base temperature threshold suggests this species has the environmental tolerance to expand further north than was previously expected.
The effect of the Substance P/NK1R system on thioredoxin and its target gene, miR-325-3p, in MCF-7 breast cancer cells
Authors: Alaei Amin , Soltani Arash , Mobarra Naser , Hashemy Seyed Isaac 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent malignancy with a high morbidity and mortality rate among women that can be initiated and be progressed through activating the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) by substance P (SP), a highly conserved member of the tachykinin peptide family. The oxidative stress-mediated role of the SP/NK1R system results in BC pathogenesis is not entirely understood. Therefore, this study was designed to shed light on the link between SP/NK1R and cellular redox state in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Methods
Aprepitant IC50 was measured by resazurin assay. Reactive oxygen species were assessed utilizing DCFDA assay. Thioredoxin (Txn) and miR-325-3p genes expression were determined through Real-Time PCR. To evaluate the Txn protein expression, western blot analysis was performed.
Results
We found that SP elevated ROS production in these cells. furthermore, SP leads to a remarkable down-regulation of miR-325-3p and thioredoxin (Trx) target genes and protein expression of Trx in MCF-7 cells. In addition, aprepitant inhibited SP's effects; therefore, it decreased ROS accumulation, and up-regulated Trx and miR-325-3p genes, suggesting that aprepitant may render antioxidant properties through Trx.
Conclusion
Oxidative stress could have an essential role in BC pathogenesis via activating the NK1R by SP. SP can decrease the BC cell's antioxidative capacity by reducing the Trx gene and protein and miR-325-3p gene. Therefore, it causes an increase in ROS production and oxidative damage. the present investigation indicates that the SP/NK1R system might be an appealing and promising therapeutic target against BC.
Phase 2 Study of AV-GBM-1 (a Tumor-initiating Cell Targeted Dendritic Cell Vaccine) in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Patients: Safety and Efficacy Assessment
Authors: Bota Daniela , Taylor Thomas H. , Piccioni David E. , Duma Christopher M. , LaRocca Renato V. , Kesari Santosh , Carillo Jose A. , Abedi Mehrdad , Aiken Robert D. , Hsu Frank P.K. , Kong Xiao-Tang , Hsieh Candace , Bota Peter G. , Nistor Gabriel I. , Keirstead Hans S. , Dillman Robert O. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaccine immunotherapy may improve survival in GBM. A multicenter phase II trial was designed to determine: (1) the success rate of manufacturing AV-GBM-1, (2) AE associated with AV-GBM-1 administration, and (3) survival.
Methods
Fresh suspected glioblastoma tissue was collected during surgery, and patients with pathology-confirmed GBM enrolled before starting RT/TMZ with ITT after recovery from RT/TMZ. AV-GBM-1 was made by incubating autologous dendritic cells with a lysate of irradiated autologous TICs. Eligible patients were adults (18 to 70 years old) with a KPS of 70 or greater, a successful TIC culture, and sufficient monocytes collected. A cryopreserved AV-GBM-1 dose was thawed and admixed with 500 mg of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor before every subcutaneous (s.c.) administration.
Results
Success rates were 97% for both TIC production and monocyte collection. AV-GBM-1 was manufactured for 63/63 patients; 60 enrolled per ITT; 57 started AV-GBM-1. The most common AEs attributed to AV-GBM-1 were local injection site reactions (16%) and flu-like symptoms (10%). Treatment-emergent AEs included seizures (33%), headache (37%), and focal neurologic symptoms (28%). One patient discontinued AV-GBM-1 because of seizures. mPFS and mOS from ITT enrollment were 10.4 and 16.0 months, respectively. 2-year OS is 27%.
Conclusions:
AV-GBM-1 was reliably manufactured. Treatment was well-tolerated, but there were numerous treatment-emergent central nervous system AEs. mPFS was longer than historical benchmarks, though no mOS improvement was noted.
Trial Registration: NCT, NCT03400917, Registered 10 January 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03400917?term=NCT03400917&draw=2&rank=1
Regulatory effects and mechanisms of L-theanine on neurotransmitters via liver-brain axis under a high protein diet
Authors: Xu Wei , Song Yuxin , Xiao Wenjun , Gong Zhihua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Excessive protein intake causes liver and brain damage and neurotransmitter disorders, thereby inducing cognitive dysfunction. L-theanine can regulate the neurotransmitter content and show great potential in liver and brain protection. However, it remains unclear whether l-theanine effectively regulates neurotransmitter content under high-protein diet. A 40-day feeding experiment was performed in Sprague Dawley rats to investigate the regulatory effects and mechanisms of l-theanine on neurotransmitters via liver-brain axis in high-protein diets. The results showed that a 30% protein diet increased the liver and brain neurotransmitter content while maintaining the normal structure of liver and the hippocampal CA1 of brain and improving the autonomous behavior of rats. In contrast, 40% and 50% protein diets decreased the content of neurotransmitters, affected autonomous behavior, and destroyed liver and the hippocampal CA1 of brain structure. However, l-theanine improved liver and brain neurotransmitter content, autonomous behavior, and hippocampal brain structure in 40% and 50% protein diets. By analyzing different metabolites and proteomes and using western blotting for validate quantitatively, we found that l-theanine regulates the activity of PF4 and G protein subunit alpha i2, increases the content of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and dopamine under a 20% protein diet. In addition, l-theanine can activate the adenylate cyclase-protein kinase A pathway through the protein Alpha/beta-hydrolase domain protein 12 to regulate the content of neurotransmitters under a 40% protein diet, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect.
S100B predicts neurological injury and 30-day mortality following surgery for acute type A aortic dissection: an observational cohort study
Authors: Teurneau-Hermansson Karl , Ede Jacob , Larsson Mårten , Moseby-Knappe Marion , Bjursten Henrik , Nozohoor Shahab , Sjögren Johan , Zindovic Igor 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Neurological injuries are frequent following Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) repair occurring in 4-30% of all patients. Our objective was to study whether S100B can predict neurological injury following ATAAD repair.
Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study. The study included all patients that underwent ATAAD repair at our institution between Jan 1998 and Dec 2021 and had recorded S100B-values. The primary outcome measure was neurological injury, defined as focal neurological deficit or coma diagnosed by clinical assessment with or without radiological confirmation and with a symptom duration of more than 24 hours. Secondary outcome measures were 30-day mortality and postoperative complications.
Results: 538 patients underwent surgery during the study period and 393 patients, had recorded S100B-values. The patients had a mean age of 64.4 ± 11.1 years and 34% were female. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for S100B 24 hours postoperatively yielded area under the curve (AUC) 0.687 (95% CI 0.615-0.759) and best Youden’s index corresponded to S100B 0.225 which gave a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 75%. Multivariable logistic regression identified S100B ³ 0.23 mg/l at 24 hours as an independent predictor for neurological injury (OR 4.71, 95% CI 2.59-8.57; p<0.01) along with preoperative cerebral malperfusion (OR 4.23, 95% CI 2.03-8.84; p<0.01) as well as an independent predictor for 30-day mortality (OR 4.57, 95% CI 1.18-11.70; p<0.01).
Conclusions: We demonstrated that S100B, 24 hours after surgery is a strong independent predictor for neurological injury and 30-day mortality after ATAAD repair.
Trial registration: As this was a retrospective observational study it was not registered.
Prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among under-five children in Egypt
Authors: Bonsu Emmanuel Osei , Addo Isaac Yeboah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that Egypt, a country in North Africa, has a significant number of children at serious risk of excess body weight. Yet, there is a dearth of studies on overweight and obesity among children under 5 years in the country. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among under-five children in Egypt.
Methods: Data were retrieved from the latest (2008 and 2014) Egypt demographic and health surveys (EDHS). A total of 42,568 children under 5 years were included. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was described using proportions whereas the factors associated with the prevalence were examined using logistic regression.
Results: Of the 42,568 children under 5 years, about one in every six (17%) were overweight or obese. Those aged 19-37 months, those with birth weights greater than 4 kg, those given large portions of protein foods (eggs and meat), and those whose mothers were in the rich wealth quintile had significant risks of overweight or obesity.
Conclusion: Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among children under five years in Egypt. Interventions developed to address these two overnutrition indicators in Egypt need to consider variations in risk factors across age, birth weight, food types and portions, and maternal wealth status.
Exchange Bias Coupling and Bipolar Resistive Switching at Room Temperature on GaSb/Mn Multilayers for Resistive Memories Applications
Authors: Calderón Jorge A. , Quiroz Heiddy P. , Terán Cristian L. , Manso-Silván M. , Dussan A. , Noval Álvaro Muñoz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This work present structural, morphological, magnetic, and electrical properties of GaSb/Mn multilayer deposited via DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature and at 423 K. The samples are characterized by forming layers of 3, 6 and 12 periods of the GaSb/Mn structure. Through XRD patterns, it was possible to stablish the formation of GaSb, Mn3Ga, and Mn2Sb2 phases. FTIR measurements present an optical interference associated with periodicity and the homogenous thickness of the layers. HR-SEM shows the multilayer architecture with columnar microstructure in the formation of layers with grain nucleation on the surface. A ferromagnetic-like behavior was observed in the multilayers at room temperature related to the domains and interlayers interaction. Additionally, the hysteresis curves present shifts attributed to the effect of exchange bias coupling. I-V curves show RESET-SET states of the multilayer system with bipolar resistive behavior, which can be modified by external magnetic fields. The resistive switching evidenced corresponds to the conductive mechanism based on the capacitive conductance and the formation of conductive filaments in multilayer structure.