bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellulose nanofiber‐derived carbon aerogel for advanced room‐temperature sodium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Yang Wu , Yang Wang , Zou Ren , Huang Yongfa , Lai Haihong , Chen Zehong , Peng Xinwen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRoom‐temperature sodium–sulfur (RT/Na–S) batteries are regarded as promising large‐scale stationary energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and low cost as well as the earth‐abundant reserves of sodium and sulfur. However, the diffusion of polysulfides and sluggish kinetics of conversion reactions are still major challenges for their application. Herein, we developed a powerful and functional separator to inhibit the shuttle effect by coating a lightweight three‐dimensional cellulose nanofiber‐derived carbon aerogel on a glass fiber separator (denoted NSCA@GF). The hierarchical porous structures, favorable electronic conductivity, and three‐dimensional interconnected network of N,S‐codoped carbon aerogel endow a multifunctional separator with strong polysulfide anchoring capability and fast reaction kinetics of polysulfide conversion, which can act as the barrier layer and an expanded current collector to increase sulfur utilization. Moreover, the hetero‐doped N/S sites are believed to strengthen polysulfide anchoring capability via chemisorption and accelerate the redox kinetics of polysulfide conversion, which is confirmed from experimental and theoretical results. As a result, the assembled Na–S coin cells with the NSCA@GF separator showed a high reversible capacity (788.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C after 100 cycles) and superior cycling stability (only 0.059% capacity decay per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C), thereby demonstrating the significant potential for application in high‐performance RT/Na–S batteries.
Polymersomes: From Macromolecular Self‐Assembly to Particle Assembly†
Authors: Zhang Jiamin , Jiang Jinhui , Lin Sha , Cornel Erik Jan , Li Chang , Du Jianzhong 
Published: April 2022

Comprehensive SummaryPolymersomes, or polymer vesicles, have attracted a tremendous amount of interest over the last decade. This led to the development of polymer vesicles that are suitable for various biomedical applications, including blood sugar regulation, cancer theranostics, and antibacterial agents. This review mainly describes the research from our group on macromolecular self‐assembly of polymersomes and emerging particle assembly methods. First, the building blocks and general principles for the design of functional polymersomes are introduced. Thereafter, we present three polymersomes with various membrane structures: polymersomes with inhomogeneous membranes, asymmetrical coronas, and membranes that are fused with the coronas. Furthermore, given that N‐carboxyanhydrides‐induced self‐assembly (NCA‐PISA) is a convenient method for the large‐scale production of biodegradable polymersomes, recent advances in self‐assembly methods based on ring‐opening polymerization of NCA‐PISA are discussed. Finally, the mechanism of particle assembly and recent advances in producing higher‐order polymer vesicles, including tetrapod polymersomes and giant polymer vesicles with a latticelike membrane (GVLM), are discussed.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?Ring‐opening polymerization‐induced self‐assembly of N‐carboxyanhydrides (NCA‐PISA), and fusion‐induced particle assembly (FIPA).How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?NCA‐PISA was developed to solve the biodegradability problem of nanoparticles by traditional PISA, while FIPA was inspired by nature.What is the most important personality for scientific research?The spirit of putting forward scientific problems.What are your hobbies?Driving, badminton, jogging, and music.What are your favorite journals?J. Am. Chem. Soc. and Macromolecules.Who influences you mostly in your life?My family and my Ph.D. and postdoctoral supervisors.
Cytological features of endolymphatic sac tumors: Case studies with review of literature
Authors: Cheng Lin , Mir Fatima , Reddy Swathi B. , Yan Lei , Gattuso Paolo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEndolymphatic sac tumors are extremely rare, locally aggressive neoplasms that arise from the endolymphatic sac or duct, primarily in the intraosseous portion. These neoplasms show diverse histomorphological architectures and despite a bland cytologic appearance, can locally recur. Although the clinicopathological and radiological features of this entity are well characterized, the literature on cytological features is extremely sparse. Herein, we describe the cytological features of the endolymphatic sac tumors and discuss the relevant differential diagnoses.
Quercetin regulates vascular endothelium function in chronic renal failure via modulation of Eph/Cav‐1 signaling
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhang Huaming , Yang Yanbo , Chen Bo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractArteriovenous fistula (AVF) is frequently believed to be the best vascular access for chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. Vascular endothelial cell dysfunction has been implicated in AVF maturation. Quercetin (Quer) is a natural polyphenolic compound widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. We aimed to uncover the impacts of Quer on vascular endothelial cells in a CRF rat model and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and serum from rat with CRF. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were tested in CRF rat model after administration of Quer. H&E staining was used to estimate endothelial damage. Nitric oxide (NO), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), EPH receptor B4 (EphB4), EphrinB2, and p‐caveolin‐1 (p‐Cav‐1) levels in the serum were examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Western blot was employed to analyze the expressions of eNOS, phosphorylated (p)‐eNOS, EphB4, and Cav‐1 in arterial tissues and HUVECs. Cell counting kit‐8 was applied for assessing cell proliferation. TUNEL (terminal‐deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated nick end labeling) assay was employed to estimate cell apoptosis. Results showed that Quer ameliorated renal function impairment and endothelial injury in vivo. Meanwhile, Quer boosted the proliferation and suppressed the apoptosis of HUVECs stimulated by LPS and serum from rat with CRF. Additionally, Quer elevated NO and eNOS levels, upregulated p‐eNOS expression but downregulated EphB4, EphrinB2, and p‐Cav‐1 expressions. Moreover, EphB4 inhibitor had the similar effect as Quer treatment in HUVECs stimulated by LPS and serum from rat with CRF. Collectively, Quer might effectively regulate vascular function to prevent AVF failure in CRF via modulation of Eph/Cav‐1 signaling.
Enantioselective Fluorescent Recognition of β‐Amino Alcohols by Stereoselective Cyclization
Authors: Tian Jun , Yu Shanshan , Guo Hongyu , Zhu Maoshuai , Lu Kai , Jiang Yixuan , Yang Jiaqiao , Yu Xiaoqi , Pu Lin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract2,2’‐Diformyl‐1,1’‐binaphthyl is found to exhibit highly enantioselective fluorescence enhancement in the presence of various β‐amino alcohols and base. It provides a new method to determine the enantiomeric composition of those substrates and has potential for high throughput analysis. Based on detailed spectroscopic analyses, it is proposed that a stereoselective cyclization of a β‐amino alcohol with the probe should occur to form a rigid macrocyclic intermediate, contributing to the greatly enhanced fluorescence.
Electrochemical Tau Protein Immunosensor Based on MnS/GO/PANI and Magnetite‐incorporated Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Yola Bahar Bankoğlu , Karaman Ceren , Özcan Nermin , Atar Necip , Polat İlknur , Yola Mehmet Lütfi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHerein, electrochemical tau protein immunosensor based on manganese sulfide nanoparticles/graphene oxide/polyaniline (MnS/GO/PANI) and magnetite‐incorporated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@Fe3O4) was constructed. After the modification of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with MnS/GO/PANI, the immobilization and conjugation of anti‐Tau capture antibody and antigen Tau protein were successfully completed on MnS/GO/PANI/GCE, respectively. Then, the conjugation of anti‐Tau secondary antibody was carried out to AuNPs@Fe3O4 as signal amplification via amino‐gold affinity and the eventual immunosensor was accomplished by the distinctive interactions of electrode platform and signal amplification. Final immunosensor demonstrated the quantification limit (LOQ) of 1.0×10−13 M and the detection limit (LOD) of 1.0×10−14 M.
Numerical investigation of centrifugal compressor stability enhancement using vaned diffuser endwall contouring technology
Authors: Cui Qin , Qin Guoliang , Jia Cheng , Wang Yi , Lei Jian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo improve the stable operating range of centrifugal compressor stage, endwall contouring technology is introduced on the hub‐side wall of the vaned diffuser for NASA CC3 centrifugal compressor as a promising technique to redistribute the flow field near the endwall in this paper. The main contents of this paper are listed as follows. First, a specific parameterized endwall contouring guideline is developed based on sinusoidal function and Bézier curve, and three factors are considered, namely, peak height, peak radial position, and frequency coefficient. Then, centrifugal compressor stages with baseline diffuser and contoured endwall diffusers are numerically investigated to reveal the influence of endwall contouring on the stable operating range. Results show that endwall contouring is an effective method to achieve stability enhancement with no evident reduction in stage performance on the design point. CEW13‐12 has the most successful combination of endwall contouring parameters, and stall margin is increased by up to 40% for CEW13‐12. Finally, the influence mechanism of endwall contouring on the stable operating range is discussed. At the near stall condition, the contouring endwall forces the fluid within the semi vaneless space to deflect toward the suction side to increase the momentum of low‐energy fluid in the suction surface boundary layer and reduce the adverse pressure gradient on the suction side, which delay the development of flow separation on the vane leading edge near the shroud side to suppress the onset of rotating stall. At the near choke condition, the contouring endwall has more potential to increase the throat area, resulting in a decrease of throat blockage to improve choke margin. The results show that the endwall contouring technology is a reliable method to achieve stability enhancement of centrifugal compressor stage.
Early‐Middle Triassic high Sr/Y granites in the northern margin of the North China Craton: Petrogenesis and tectonic implications
Authors: Gao Shuang , Ling Hong‐Fei , Chen Wei‐Feng , Ren Quan 
Published: April 2022

Radiometric dating results and geochemical and isotopic data obtained in this study for two granitic plutons in the northern margin of the North China Craton (NNCC) provide important information on the tectonic environment of the North China Craton (NCC) in the Early to Middle Triassic. The two plutons, Wanlongchang and Baiyanaobao, were dated being formed at 247 Ma (our previous study) and 237 Ma (this study), respectively. These two granites are characterized by low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7055–0.7073), εNd(t) values (−9.9 to −15.0), and zircon εHf(t) values (−8.7 to −27.0), suggesting their magmas originated from ancient lower crust. Both granites display high Sr/Y ratios (most >30) and (La/Yb)N (most >30), but low Cr (8.31–40.9 ppm), Ni (3.59–13.8 ppm), MgO (0.12–1.17%) contents, and low Mg# values (26–39), which suggests that the melts that formed the two granites were derived from thickened lower crust. When elemental concentration data and compiled Sr/Y ratios in the previous works are evaluated, it is revealed that many Early‐Middle Triassic felsic rocks in this region have high Sr/Y ratios characters. Combining tectono‐magmatic investigations, we further proposed that the Early‐Middle Triassic crustal thickening may have resulted from the collision between the NCC and the South Mongolia Terranes after the final closure of the Palaeo‐Asian Ocean.
Is Trust Enough? Anti‐Black Racism and the Perception of Black Vaccine “Hesitancy”
Authors: Wilson Yolonda 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this article, I offer a preliminary exploration of the heavy lifting that the word “trust” is doing in questions about Black distrust of medicine and what, if anything, comes from it. I also offer an account of why questions like, “Why don't Black people trust vaccines?” are not only the wrong questions to ask but also insulting, and I go on to provide a Black feminist analysis of racial injustice in medicine—an analysis that does not center a notion of trust. I begin by arguing that implicit in these questions is a pathologizing of Black people—the idea that there is something wrong with Black people rather than something wrong with the conditions within which Black people exist. The sense that there is something wrong with Black people both further disadvantages them and ignores the role that health care institutions have played and continue to play in fostering a climate of distrust. I show that even attempts to explain distrust fail to adequately capture the harms committed against Black people, even if such efforts gesture at institutional responsibility. I sketch out what is important about trust but also briefly discuss why trust may not be the answer to the problems that Black people face in health care encounters.
Now You Are Part of the Solution: Bioethicists' Contribution in Addressing Racialized Health Inequity
Authors: Kerr Jelani 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNeoliberalism (an economic approach emphasizing tax abatement, market deregulation, and social safety net reduction) promotes inequality and unfavorable health outcomes. These outcomes are exacerbated among racial and ethnic minorities, as this policy approach is often coupled with various forms of institutional racism. The combination of these factors translates into concerning population health disparities in the United States. More egalitarian policies could disproportionately affect the socially marginalized and help rectify these challenges. Given the social and cultural capital bioethicists have in the fields of medicine, public health, and policy, this group is uniquely positioned to help remediate racial and ethnic inequity. Moreover, the unique skill sets bioethicists employ (conflict resolution, mediation, negotiation, facilitating public engagement, policy analysis) can be useful to improving the health of the populous. Thus, bioethicists can play a key role in addressing the most concerning health challenges and inequities today.
Speaking Volumes: The Encyclopedia of Bioethics and Racism
Authors: Galarneau Charlene , Smith Patrick T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis essay takes as its starting point the claim that addressing anti‐Black racism is essential to the work of bioethics in the United States. The essay examines whether and how racism has been addressed in the field's central reference work, the Encyclopedia of Bioethics, throughout its four editions—in 1978, 1995, 2004, and 2014. With consideration of each edition's stated purpose and editorial framing, we find that the subject of racism is obscured by the Encyclopedia's inattention to African American approaches to bioethics, to racism as a bioethics issue, and specifically, to racism as a matter of justice. This essay suggests questions for guiding reflection necessary for giving racism its due in the field of bioethics.
Toward Critical Bioethics Studies: Black Feminist Insights for a Field “Reckoning” with Anti‐Black Racism
Authors: Overstreet Nicole M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this essay, I draw on the ethical theory of state consequentialism to advance the argument that understanding the ethics that the United States practices, rather than focusing on what it preaches, offers a more dynamic path for informing and transforming a field seeking to reckon with anti‐Black racism. With a specific focus on justice, I show how state consequentialism provides a potential starting point for understanding how the nation prioritizes its own social, political, and economic interests to the detriment of the very principles that are at the heart of bioethics.
Colonial Geographies, Black Geographies, and Bioethics
Authors: Mccurdy Jennifer 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStructural anti‐Black racism exists within the fields of bioethics and medicine. The colonial structures underlying bioethics render the geographies and subjectivities of Black scholars and patients “ungeographic,” hidden by dominant White geographies. In this essay, I aim to illuminate more clearly the anti‐Black racist structures embedded in bioethics and medicine by engaging with Katherine McKittrick's work Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle. Specifically, I apply McKittrick's concepts of Black geographies to the physical spaces of health care (which could be the hospital, intensive care ward, or birthing room) and the discursive space of bioethics journals and texts. Finally, recommendations are made for bioethics to build the capacity to hold a multiplicity of geographies simultaneously.
The sexual brain, genes, and cognition: A machine‐predicted brain sex score explains individual differences in cognitive intelligence and genetic influence in young children
Authors: Kim Kakyeong , Joo Yoonjung Yoonie , Ahn Gun , Wang Hee‐Hwan , Moon Seo‐Yoon , Kim Hyeonjin , Ahn Woo‐Young , Cha Jiook 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSex impacts the development of the brain and cognition differently across individuals. However, the literature on brain sex dimorphism in humans is mixed. We aim to investigate the biological underpinnings of the individual variability of sexual dimorphism in the brain and its impact on cognitive performance. To this end, we tested whether the individual difference in brain sex would be linked to that in cognitive performance that is influenced by genetic factors in prepubertal children (N = 9,658, ages 9–10 years old; the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study). To capture the interindividual variability of the brain, we estimated the probability of being male or female based on the brain morphometry and connectivity features using machine learning (herein called a brain sex score). The models accurately classified the biological sex with a test ROC–AUC of 93.32%. As a result, a greater brain sex score correlated significantly with greater intelligence (pfdr < .001, = .011–.034; adjusted for covariates) and higher cognitive genome‐wide polygenic scores (GPSs) (pfdr < .001,  < .005). Structural equation models revealed that the GPS‐intelligence association was significantly modulated by the brain sex score, such that a brain with a higher maleness score (or a lower femaleness score) mediated a positive GPS effect on intelligence (indirect effects = .006–.009; p = .002–.022; sex‐stratified analysis). The finding of the sex modulatory effect on the gene–brain–cognition relationship presents a likely biological pathway to the individual and sex differences in the brain and cognitive performance in preadolescence.
Efficacy of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate foam on psoriatic skin lesions beyond human eyes: An observational study
Authors: Anna Campanati , Andrea Marani , Melania Giannoni , Monia Orciani , Francesco Fabiani , Rachele Napolitano , Marco Arnesano , Primo Tomasini Enrico , Annamaria Offidani 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsCalcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate foam has been developed as a new topical therapeutic option for psoriasis, whose effect has been documented mainly on clinical basis.MethodsWe decided to evaluate its efficacy on 11 patients, not only at the clinical level (by using Psoriasis Area Severity Index [PASI], Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI], and Psoriasis Global Assessment [PGA] clinimetric indexes) but especially from a subclinical viewpoint (by using videocapillaroscopy and thermography).ResultsAfter 4 weeks of treatment with calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate foam, there was a marked reduction in all three clinimetric indixes PASI, PGA, and DLQI (DLQI mean value decreased from 13.45 ± 3.59 to 6.82 ± 3.31 (p = 0.001), PASI from 7.909 ± 2.857 to 4.582 ± 2.422 (p = 0.001), PGA from 1.8 ± 0.6 to 0.7 ± 0.4 (p = 0.002). From thermographic survey, a significant reduction of mean value of ΔT (temperature difference [°C] between center of the lesions and their periphery [healthy skin]), from 0.28 ± 0.99 to −0.42 ± 0.39 (p = 0.058), was observed. An exceptional reduction of capillaries of psoriatic plaques was detected through videocapillaroscopy (capillary density decreased from 27.91 ± 6.70 capillaries/mm2 to 4.54 ± 2.77 capillaries/mm2 (p = 0.001), with an 83.73% reduction).ConclusionOur results demonstrate both clinical and subclinical efficacy of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate foam on psoriatic skin lesions. The subclinical improvement detected, not only demonstrates that the therapeutic effect of foam is truly due to a decrease in inflammation, but, being earlier and more effectively detectable than clinical benefit, suggests future applications of thermography and videocapillaroscopy in evaluating the in vivo effect of therapies for psoriasis, and, in general, the course of the disease “beyond human eyes.”
The role of social networks in diabetes self‐care: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Moulaei Khadijeh , Dinari Zahra , Dinari Fatemeh , Jahani Yunes , Bahaadinbeigy Kambiz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatient involvement with diabetes self‐care is critical to reducing complications, morbidity, and mortality. Social media, as one of the most important forms of digital health, has always been available for diabetes self‐care, although the role of these media in supporting patient self‐care is unclear.AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of social networks in diabetes self‐care. In this study, the most important social networks used to receive self‐care services, diabetes self‐care behaviors, diabetes self‐care educations and benefits of using various services provided through social networks were identified.MethodsThe present study is a cross‐sectional study that was conducted through an electronic researcher‐made questionnaire in 2021. Two hundred and eighteen patients were selected to participate in the study from centers of diabetes of Fasa city, south of Iran. Sampling was performed by convenience sampling and in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and analytical tests.ResultsIn the data analysis section on Diabetes self‐care behaviors, there was no significant relationship between gender (p = 0.292), age (p = 0.49), type of diabetes (p = 0.909) and duration of diabetes (p = 0.076) with the use of self‐care services provided through social networks. There was a significant relationship between education level and the use of self‐care services provided through social networks (p = 0.01). “Recognizing diabetes and its complications,” “observing personal hygiene,” and “the impact of physical activity on diabetes control” were the most important educations. “Increasing patient knowledge and understanding about diabetes and its complications,” “reducing the consumption of high‐calorie foods and sugars,” and “observing personal and public health” were the most important social network's benefits, respectively.ConclusionsVarious self‐care educations and services provided through social networks can increase the in‐depth knowledge of diabetic patients about self‐care techniques and their effective role in controlling and managing diabetes and performing more self‐care processes.