bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Held still or pressured to receive dental treatment: self-reported histories of children and adolescents treated by non-specialist dentists in Hordaland, Norway
Authors: Aarvik R. S. , Svendsen E. J. , Agdal M. L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of a self-reported history of restraint in children and adolescents when receiving dental care by non-specialist dentists and to assess differences in dental fear and anxiety (DFA), intra-oral injection fear, and trust in dentists between patients with and without a self-reported history of restraint.

Methods
An electronic cross-sectional survey was distributed to all 9 years old (n = 6686) and 17 years old (n = 6327) in the Public Dental Service in Hordaland County, Norway, in 2019. For statistical evaluation, we generated descriptive statistics and Mann–Whitney U tests.

Results
The response rate ranged between 43.5 and 59.9% for the different questions. The prevalence of a self-reported history of being held still against one’s will during dental treatment and pressured to undergo dental treatment against one’s will was 3.6% and 5.1%, respectively. In general, these patients reported higher DFA, and higher intra-oral injection fear compared with those without such histories of restraint. Patients who had reported being held still against their will during dental treatment had significantly higher distrust in dentists than those who did not report restraint (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
To feel pressured to receive dental treatment and to be held still against one’s will overlap with the concepts of psychological and physical restraint. Patients with a self-reported history of restraint recorded significant differences in DFA, intra-oral injection fear, and trust in dentists compared to those who did not report restraint. Future studies should explore the role that restraint may play in relation to a patient’s DFA, intra-oral injection fear, and trust in dentists.
Efficacy of liraglutide 3.0 mg treatment on weight loss in patients with weight regain after bariatric surgery
Authors: Muratori Fabrizio , Vignati F. , Di Sacco G. , Gavazzi L. , Pellegrino D. , Del Prete M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Bariatric surgery, as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), laparoscopic gastric banding (LGB), and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), is considered the gold standard treatment to achieve long-term weight loss in severe obesity. In patients who fail to maintain the achieved weight, pharmacological treatment may be required. Here, we reported our real-life experience on the efficacy of liraglutide therapy in 62 patients who regained weight after bariatric surgery.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 62 (60 F-2 M; mean age: 43.6 ± 9.9 years) patients received liraglutide for weight loss after bariatric surgery (17 RYGB, 22 LGB, and 23 LSG). Body mass index (BMI) before and after surgery was, respectively, of 45.4 ± 5.5 kg/m2 and 29.5 ± 4.9 kg/m2. Patients were followed up from 2016 until 2021. Liraglutide was administered after weight regain once-daily subcutaneously at starting dose of 0.6 mg and with weekly increases up to 3.0 mg. Treatments were administered when a weight regain of 10–15% occurred after reaching a minimum weight loss from bariatric surgery or if weight loss after bariatric surgery was unsatisfactory.

Results
After a mean of 70.7 ± 43.7 months from any bariatric surgery, all patients started liraglutide therapy. At this time, mean BMI was 34.2 ± 4.8 kg/m2 (mean increased BMI: 4.7 ± 2.8 kg/m2). After a mean of 10.5 ± 4.4 months from the beginning of liraglutide, 9 patients achieved normal weight (BMI 24.1 ± 0.9 kg/m2), and 28 were overweight (BMI 26.9 ± 1.6 kg/m2). Twenty patients achieved grade I (BMI 32.1 ± 1.5 kg/m2), 5 grade II (BMI 37.3 ± 2.0 kg/m2) obesity, and none had grade III obesity (mean BMI change: − 5.1 ± 2.5 kg/m2). The treatment was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were recorded.

Conclusion
These data confirm the efficacy and safety of liraglutide in patients who experienced weight regain after bariatric surgery. Considering the long-term follow-up, patients should be followed up regularly and the pharmacological treatment should be adapted to the weight fluctuations observed during the clinical history.

Level of evidence
V. Opinions of authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.
Manufacturing oxide-dispersion-strengthened steels using the advanced directed energy deposition process of high-speed laser cladding
Authors: Wilms Markus B. , Pirch Norbert , Gökce Bilal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of manufacturing an iron-based oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) PM2000 composite material with the chemical composition of Fe20Cr4.5Al0.5Ti + 0.5Y2O3 (in wt.%) via the advanced directed energy deposition (DED) process of high-speed laser cladding (HSLC). The characteristic high solidification rates of HSLC processes allow the successful dispersion of nano-scaled yttrium-based oxides in the ferritic stainless steel matrix. The effective suppression of nano-particle agglomeration during the melting stage, which is frequently observed in conventional DED processes of ODS materials, is reflected by smaller dispersoid sizes and corresponding higher hardness of manufactured specimen compared to DED-manufactured counterparts.
Clay Minerals in Interbedded Sandstones and Shales of the Miocene Surma Group, Sylhet Trough, Bengal Basin (northeastern Indian Plate): Implications for Future Hydrocarbon Exploration
Authors: Khanam Farida , Rahman M. Julleh Jalalur , Abdullah Rashed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractClay minerals are common constituents of the Miocene Surma Group reservoir rocks in the Sylhet Trough, Bengal Basin, and may exert significant controls on reservoir quality. The relationship between diagenetic clay minerals and reservoir quality in the petroliferous Sylhet Trough is poorly understood, however. The current study was aimed at the origin and diagenetic pattern of clay minerals in interbedded sandstones and shales using thin-section petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and understanding their diagenetic effects on reservoir quality. The results showed that the clay mineral cements in sandstones comprise mainly chlorite, illite/illite-smectite, and minor smectite and kaolinite. In the early diagenetic stage, clay rims and growth of vermiform kaolinite occur and partly occlude the pore throats. Deep burial effects include pore-filling, pore-lining, and grain-coating authigenic clays (mainly chlorite and illite). Diagenetic clay minerals and mechanical clay infiltration showed a systematic distribution in sandstones lying in the vicinity of sequence and parasequence boundaries. In a lowstand systems tract (LST), clay minerals within the sandstones commonly include mechanically infiltrated smectitic clays that eventually evolved to grain-coating chlorite and/or illite during the meso-diagenesis stage. The presence of clays/clay minerals has no significant impact upon reservoir quality of sandstones. The Surma Group shales are enriched in illite with significant proportions of chlorite and kaolinite and are likely to be mainly detrital, with diagenetic changes of smectite to illite.
Factor associated with surgical site infection of women who undergone cesarean section in Hawassa University comprehensive specialized hospital southern Ethiopia, retrospective study design
Authors: Gashaw Amanu , Fantu Shimelis , Tarekegn Mulate 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cesarean delivery is the most common major operation carried out in obstetrics worldwide, and is the single most important risk factor for postpartum maternal infection. Women undergoing cesarean delivery have a 5 to 20-fold greater chance of getting an infection compared with women who give birth vaginally. Currently, variable rates of surgical site infection, and women stayed longer after the procedure due to this infection. This study aims to know the real magnitude and associated factors.

Method:
Retrospective study design was used. A total of 431 cases were included by systematic random sampling from the cases that had undergone cesarean section during the study period. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Data were entered into SPSS for analysis. Descriptive analysis was made also Bivariate and multivariate logistics have been made to see the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The strength of associations was presented by odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The magnitude of surgical site infection was 11.8% and about 98% were developed within two weeks. In this study, multiple vaginal examination rupture of membrane, prolonged labor, and estimated blood loss >500 ml were associated factors.

Conclusion:
the magnitude of SSI was high; and multiple vaginal examinations, rupture of membranes, prolonged labor, and estimated blood loss> 500 ml were significant factors for the occurrence.

High light
Uniform Properties of Ideals in Rings of Restricted Power Series
Authors: Barnicle Madeline G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhen is an ideal of a ring radical or prime? By examining its generators, one may in many cases definably and uniformly test the ideal’s properties. We seek to establish such definable formulas in rings of p-adic power series, such as
$\mathbb Q_{p}\langle X\rangle $
,
$\mathbb Z_{p}\langle X\rangle $
, and related rings of power series over more general valuation rings and their fraction fields. We obtain a definable, uniform test for radicality, and, in the one-dimensional case, for primality. This builds upon the techniques stemming from the proof of the quantifier elimination results for the analytic theory of the p-adic integers by Denef and van den Dries, and the linear algebra methods of Hermann and Seidenberg.Abstract prepared by Madeline G. Barnicle.E-mail: barnicle@math.ucla.eduURL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6t02q9s4
Paraconsistent Logic Programming in Three and Four-Valued Logics
Authors: Oliveira Kleidson Êglicio Carvalho da Silva 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFrom the interaction among areas such as Computer Science, Formal Logic, and Automated Deduction arises an important new subject called Logic Programming. This has been used continuously in the theoretical study and practical applications in various fields of Artificial Intelligence. After the emergence of a wide variety of non-classical logics and the understanding of the limitations presented by first-order classical logic, it became necessary to consider logic programming based on other types of reasoning in addition to classical reasoning. A type of reasoning that has been well studied is the paraconsistent, that is, the reasoning that tolerates contradictions. However, although there are many paraconsistent logics with different types of semantics, their application to logic programming is more delicate than it first appears, requiring an in-depth study of what can or cannot be transferred directly from classical first-order logic to other types of logic.Based on studies of Tarcisio Rodrigues on the foundations of Paraconsistent Logic Programming (2010) for some Logics of Formal Inconsistency (LFIs), this thesis intends to resume the research of Rodrigues and place it in the specific context of LFIs with three- and four-valued semantics. This kind of logics are interesting from the computational point of view, as presented by Luiz Silvestrini in his Ph.D. thesis entitled “A new approach to the concept of quase-truth” (2011), and by Marcelo Coniglio and Martín Figallo in the article “Hilbert-style presentations of two logics associated to tetravalent modal algebras” [Studia Logica (2012)]. Based on original techniques, this study aims to define well-founded systems of paraconsistent logic programming based on well-known logics, in contrast to the ad hoc approaches to this question found in the literature.Abstract prepared by Kleidson Êglicio Carvalho da Silva Oliveira.E-mail: kecso10@yahoo.com.brURL: http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/322632
Proof Mining with the Bounded Functional Interpretation
Authors: Pinto Pedro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this doctoral thesis, we show how the bounded functional interpretation of F. Ferreira and P. Oliva can be used and contribute to the Proof Mining program, a program which aims to extract computational information from mathematical theorems using proof-theoretic techniques. We present a method for the elimination of sequential weak compactness arguments from the quantitative analysis of certain mathematical results. This method works as a “macro” and allowed us to obtain quantitative versions of important results of F. E. Browder, R. Wittmann, and H. H. Bauschke in fixed point theory in Hilbert spaces. Although the theorems of Browder and Wittmann were previously analyzed by U. Kohlenbach using the monotone functional interpretation, it was not clear why such analyses did not require the use of functionals defined by bar recursion. This phenomenon is now fully understood by a theoretical justification for the elimination of sequential weak compactness in the context of the bounded functional interpretation. Bauschke’s theorem is an important generalization of Wittmann’s theorem and its original proof is also analyzed here. The analyses of these results also require a quantitative version of a projection argument which turned out to be simpler when guided by the bounded functional interpretation than when using the monotone functional interpretation. In the context of the theory of monotone operators, results due to Boikanyo/Moroşanu and Xu for the strong convergence of variants of the proximal point algorithm are analyzed and bounds on the metastablility property of these iterations are obtained. These results are the first applications of the bounded functional interpretation to the proof mining of concrete mathematical results.Abstract prepared by Pedro Pinto.E-mail: pinto@mathematik.tu-darmstadt.deURL: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/42661
On Logics and Semantics for Interpretability
Authors: Mikec Luka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe study various properties of formalised relativised interpretability. In the central part of this thesis we study for different interpretability logics the following aspects: completeness for modal semantics, decidability and algorithmic complexity.In particular, we study two basic types of relational semantics for interpretability logics. One is the Veltman semantics, which we shall refer to as the regular or ordinary semantics; the other is called generalised Veltman semantics. In the recent years and especially during the writing of this thesis, generalised Veltman semantics was shown to be particularly well-suited as a relational semantics for interpretability logics. In particular, modal completeness results are easier to obtain in some cases; and decidability can be proven via filtration in all known cases. We prove various new and reprove some old completeness results with respect to the generalised semantics. We use the method of filtration to obtain the finite model property for various logics.Apart from results concerning semantics in its own right, we also apply methods from semantics to determine decidability (implied by the finite model property) and complexity of provability (and consistency) problems for certain interpretability logics.From the arithmetical standpoint, we explore three different series of interpretability principles. For two of them, for which arithmetical and modal soundness was already known, we give a new proof of arithmetical soundness. The third series results from our modal considerations. We prove it arithmetically sound and also characterise frame conditions w.r.t. ordinary Veltman semantics. We also prove results concerning the new series and generalised Veltman semantics.Abstract prepared by Luka Mikec.E-mail: luka.mikec1@gmail.comURL: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/177373
Quasi-isolated blocks and the Alperin–McKay conjecture
Authors: Ruhstorfer Lucas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Alperin–McKay conjecture is a longstanding open conjecture in the representation theory of finite groups. Späth showed that the Alperin–McKay conjecture holds if the so-called inductive Alperin–McKay (iAM) condition holds for all finite simple groups. In a previous paper, the author has proved that it is enough to verify the inductive condition for quasi-isolated blocks of groups of Lie type. In this paper, we show that the verification of the iAM-condition can be further reduced in many cases to isolated blocks. As a consequence of this, we obtain a proof of the Alperin–McKay conjecture for$2$-blocks of finite groups with abelian defect.
Measuring empiric antibiotic spectrum—A journey through space and time
Authors: Yarrington Michael E. , Wrenn Rebekah H. , Spivey Justin , Sarubbi Christina , Anderson Deverick J. , Moehring Rebekah W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectives:The typical 5-day work week affects healthcare outcomes. Structured work hours have also been implicated in antimicrobial prescribing choice. We developed a visualization tool to aid in evaluating breadth of antibiotic use in various time (day of week and hour of day) and space (patient location) combinations.Methods:We evaluated antibiotic administration data from a tertiary-care academic medical center between July 1, 2018, and July 1, 2020. We calculated a cumulative empiric antibiotic spectrum score by adapting a previously validated antibiotic spectrum index (ASI) and applying that score to empiric antibiotic use. We visualized these data as a heat map based on various day-of-week–time combinations and then compared the distribution of scores between weekday nights, weekend days, and weekend nights to the typical workweek hours (weekday days, weekday days) using the Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test with a Bonferroni correction.Results:The analysis included 76,535 antibiotic starts across 53,900 unique patient admissions over 2 years. The mean cumulative ASI was higher in all 3 night and weekend combinations (weekday nights, 7.3; weekend days, 7.6; weekend nights, 7.5) compared to the weekday daytime hours (weekday days, 7.1) and the distribution of scores was different in all groups compared to the weekday daytime reference. The cumulative ASI was also higher in intensive care units.Conclusions:Empiric antibiotic prescribing patterns differed across space and time; broader antibiotic choices occurred in the intensive care units and on nights and weekends. Visualization of these patterns aids in antimicrobial prescribing pattern recognition and may assist in finding opportunities for additional antimicrobial stewardship interventions.
Coexistence of lazy frogs on
Authors: Holmes Mark , Kious Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe study the so-called frog model on
${\mathbb{Z}}$
with two types of lazy frogs, with parameters
$p_1,p_2\in (0,1]$
respectively, and a finite expected number of dormant frogs per site. We show that for any such
$p_1$
and
$p_2$
there is positive probability that the two types coexist (i.e. that both types activate infinitely many frogs). This answers a question of Deijfen, Hirscher, and Lopes in dimension one.
Wind-borne dispersion of Echinococcus multilocularis eggs – a flight model
Authors: Siegert S. , Neumann S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The alveolar hydatid disease, also known as alveolar echinococcosis, of humans is certainly one of the most dangerous zoonoses worldwide. The disease is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis – the fox tapeworm. Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are currently counted as the most important carriers (reservoirs) of E. multilocularis in the Northern Hemisphere. The possible routes of infection of E. multilocularis to humans are complex and still require research. Until now, it has been unknown whether E. multilocularis eggs can be moved by wind at all. This analysis shows, based on calculations, that E. multilocularis eggs can be transported by wind. Using a mathematical model, flight distances depending on wind speed and take-off heights are calculated for dense and less dense (coniferous) forest areas. The results – differentiated for seasons and as overall average – are based on mean values of wind speeds which were measured over a ten-year period in an experimental forest stand in the Solling (Germany). Due to their rate of descent, wind-related spreading of E. multilocularis eggs is possible. The average flight distance covered by E. multilocularis eggs in forest areas, depending on their starting altitude and wind speed, is between approximately 1.3 m and approximately 17 m. From the mathematical point of view, the wind factor can definitely be seen as one of the multiple vectors associated with environmental contamination by E. multilocularis eggs. Consequently, the possible wind-borne spread of E. multilocularis eggs poses an infection risk to humans that should be considered and requires further research.
Adjustment of publication bias using a cumulative meta-analytic framework
Authors: Canestaro W. J. , Devine E. B. , Bansal A. , Sullivan S. D. , Carlson J. J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Publication bias has the potential to adversely impact clinical decision making and patient health if alternative decisions would have been made had there been complete publication of evidence.

Methods
The objective of our analysis was to determine if earlier publication of the complete evidence on rosiglitazone’s risk of myocardial infarction (MI) would have changed clinical decision making at an earlier point in time. We tested several methods for adjustment of publication bias to assess the impact of potential time delays to identifying the MI effect. We then performed a cumulative meta-analysis (CMA) for both published studies (published-only data set) and all studies performed (comprehensive data set). We then created an adjusted data set using existing methods of adjustment for publication bias (Harbord regression, Peter’s regression, and the nonparametric trim and fill method) applied to the limited data set. Finally, we compared the time to the decision threshold for each data set using CMA.

Results
Although published-only and comprehensive data sets did not provide notably different final summary estimates [OR = 1.4 (95 percent confidence interval [CI]: .95–2.05) and 1.42 (95 percent CI: 1.03–1.97)], the comprehensive data set reached the decision threshold 36 months earlier than the published-only data set. All three adjustment methods tested did not show a differential time to decision threshold versus the published-only data set.

Conclusions
Complete access to studies capturing MI risk for rosiglitazone would have led to the evidence reaching a clinically meaningful decision threshold 3 years earlier.