bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐494‐3p facilitates the progression of bladder cancer by mediating the KLF9/RGS2 axis
Authors: Xu Xu‐Hong , Sun Jian‐Ming , Chen Xiao‐Feng , Zeng Xiang‐Yang , Zhou Hai‐Zhi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is a familiar malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. The effect of treatment is unsatisfactory after the metastasis and invasion of BC. Hence, more studies should be carried out to explore the metastasis of BC. RT‐qPCR or/and western blot was conducted to evaluate miR‐494‐3p, KLF9, and RGS2 expression. Cell proliferation and invasion were estimated by MTT assay and transwell assay, respectively. Cell migration was tested by wound healing assay and transwell assay. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to validate the interplay between miR‐494‐3p and KLF9 mRNA. The interaction between KLF9 and RGS2 promoter was verified using dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. miR‐494‐3p expression was upregulated, whereas KLF9 and RGS2 were downregulated in BC cells. miR‐494‐3p inhibition was competent to limit the growth of BC cells. KLF9 knockdown abolished the miR‐494‐3p depletion‐mediated inhibitory growth of BC cells. Mechanistically, we found that KLF9 was a downstream gene of miR‐494‐3p and could bind to the promoter region of RGS2 to promote the expression of RGS2. Moreover, RGS2 knockdown abrogated the suppressive effects of miR‐494‐3p knockdown on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells. Notably, miR‐494‐3p inhibition obstructed the tumor growth in nude mice. miR‐494‐3p silencing inhibited the progression of BC by regulating the KLF9/RGS2 axis in vitro and in vivo, which laid the foundation for experiments of miR‐494‐3p in BC and provided therapeutic targets for BC.
Integration and Applications of Nanomaterials for Ultrafast Photonics
Authors: Zhao Xiaoli , Jin Hong , Liu Jiayao , Chao Jiale , Liu Tingyi , Zhang Han , Wang Gang , Lyu Wenhao , Wageh Swelm , Al‐Hartomy Omar A. , Al‐Sehemi Abdullah G. , Fu Bo , Zhang Han 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNanomaterials with remarkable optical, mechanical, and electrical properties have shed new light on various fields including optoelectronics, sensors, biomedicine, and ultrafast photonics. Particularly, owing to their nonlinear optical properties, fast recovery time, and broadband operation, nanomaterials are well qualified as saturable absorbers in ultrafast pulsed lasers. Over the development of the past decades, various nanomaterials have been developed as saturable absorbers, which contribute to a diversity of lasers with excellent performance. Therefore, it is important for researchers to provide a landmark of the applications of nanomaterials in ultrafast photonics concerning cutting‐edge development. Herein, the integration and applications of nanomaterials in ultrafast photonics are reviewed. First, end‐face, lateral, as well as photonic crystal fibers padding integration methods are introduced along with their process and characteristics. Then the ultrafast applications of nanomaterials including carbon‐based (carbon nanotubes and graphene), typical 2D (topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and MXenes), and metal‐based nanomaterials (gold, silver, copper, and metal oxides) are summarized. Major parameters of ultrafast lasers and features of each nanomaterial are presented simultaneously. Finally, the perspectives of nanomaterials for further development in ultrafast photonics are discussed.
Cash holding dynamics and competition intensity: Evidence from UK firms
Authors: Adamolekun Gbenga , Jones Edward , Li Hao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUsing a quasi‐natural experiment and various measures of competition intensity, we examine whether an increase in product market competition is a key driver of firm cash holdings. We find that firms increase cash holdings when competition is intense. The results suggest that the degree of increase in cash holdings is magnified among firms exposed to high predatory threat and financing friction. In addition, we examine if increasing cash holdings offers a competitive advantage in the product market. Our results indicate that firms with large cash reserves make gains in market share at the expense of their rivals. Gains in the product market are more pronounced among firms with low exposure to predatory risk and financing frictions.
Crowded but not crowded out: Comparing the solicitation strategies and outcomes of nonprofits' and individual's GoFundMe campaigns
Authors: Waters Richard D. , Auger Giselle A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is a great deal of need in this world, and some are taking their plights directly to the public for help rather than approaching nonprofit organizations. This content analysis of GoFundMe solicitations compared a range of requests (n = 303) to document how similar the solicitation strategies of crowdfunding campaigns run by individuals are to those from nonprofit organizations. Results from this investigation helped address the uncertainties of the disintermediation of the nonprofit sector. Though disintermediation is real and actively taking place, results indicate that nonprofit organizations are in a healthy position to survive the disruption of crowdfunding while adapting, adopting and improving crowdfunding behaviors.
Understanding audience reception and interpretation of development communications: A research framework proposition
Authors: Ademolu Edward 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile studies on visual communications of international development are small, scattered but well established, much of this comprises of representational analyses. However, studying development representations alone limits critical investigation of the complex contradictions and intersectionality that constitute their reception. Audience reception studies in this context are scarce, largely commissioned charity/NGO reports, with limited contributions to discussions. Nevertheless, this article examines these inquiries, evaluating their contributions, limitations and absences. Based on this critical review, I suggest a research framework outlined by a three‐pronged proposition: (1) situating UK audiences of mediated development within their contradictory heterogeneity. (2) Moving beyond normative binaries and towards understanding the complexities and experiential variability of mediated development; and (3) studying audience reception as a ‘multi‐sited ethnography’. This framework is intended as a resource to support development scholars and NGO practitioners in the study and evaluation of development reception by audiences.
Polydopamine nanocomposites and their biomedical applications: A review
Authors: Chinchulkar Shubham Arunrao , Patra Paloma , Dehariya Dheeraj , Yu Aimin , Rengan Aravind Kumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPolydopamine (PDA) is the end product of the dopamine monomer's self‐oxidation polymerization process. PDA is gaining popularity in diagnostic and therapeutic purposes because of its unique properties like excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, surface functionalization, adhesion, and photothermal, which can help in various biomedical applications. Many researchers have been working on polydopamine nanocomposites in recent years. PDA has been used to modify various structures, such as metal nanoparticles, in order to improve the nanosystem's stability and applicability. This review attempts to cover extremely recent works from 2018 to the present in light of recent developments in PDA nanocomposites. The development of novel PDA nanocomposites for therapeutic applications, such as PDA‐metal, PDA‐drug, PDA‐photosensitizers, and PDA‐biomolecules, has been covered in this review. The multiple biomedical applications highlighted in this review include the treatment of cancer, antimicrobial infections, and neurological disorders, as well as wound healing and biosensing. This review will not only help the new researcher to build their base but also for experts to extend their views in this field.
Phenotypic characterization of a strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duchesne ex Rosier) diversity collection
Authors: Hummer Kim E. , Bassil Nahla V. , Zurn Jason D. , Amyotte Beatrice 
Published: September 2022

Societal Impact statementTo secure a stable, safe food supply, the future of humanity depends on the conservation and application of cultivated and wild plant diversity. Strawberries are globally important. They are widely produced and provide significant human health benefits. In 2019, annual world production was 14.5 MT (FAOSTAT, 2022). This report characterizes agricultural traits of diverse heritage strawberries. The gene pool of breeding programs has traditionally included a reliable but limited set of cultivars. The traits of lesser known heritage strawberry cultivars and selections examined by our study could be of value in expanding gene pools by tapping into existing cultivated genetic diversity.Summary

Strawberries are a berry crop of global significance. We present a comprehensive evaluation of strawberry diversity through phenotyping 284 strawberry cultivars from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Clonal Germplasm Repository Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
We assessed 284 cultivars in 2019 and 2020 for quantified variation across 16 traits, including phenology, plant morphology, and fruit quality traits at full ripeness. Through cluster analysis, we determined groups of accessions that had desirable traits, including quality fruits, earliest fruit ripening, or high numbers of daughter plant production. We observed that this strawberry diversity panel displayed a wide range of phenotypic variation that could prove useful for future strawberry improvement.
ORUS 2427‐1, NW 90054‐37, and “Independence,” each developed by the Oregon USDA breeding program, displayed a combination of the highest fruit quality traits. “Independence” also had the longest runner length and the highest number of daughter plants. Two California cultivars, Oso Grande and Cuesta, and the Oregon cultivar Pinnacle had a short ripening time, on average 32 days between flowering and harvest, with the range for the study group of 25–41 days.
Our data provide insight for breeders to expand gene pools, producers who choose cultivars for green‐wall production, or geneticists who need data to prepare genome‐wide association studies.
Collaborative decision‐making: A framework for decision‐making about life‐sustaining treatments in children with medical complexity
Authors: Nageswaran Savithri , Gower William A. , Golden Shannon L. , King Nancy M. P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveCaregivers of children with medical complexity (CMC) face decisions about life‐sustaining treatments (LST) like tracheostomy. We sought to develop a clinically relevant and realistic model for decision‐making about tracheostomy placement that might apply to other LST in CMC.DesignThis qualitative study, conducted between 2013 and 2015, consisted of 41 interviews with 56 caregivers of CMC who had received tracheostomies and 5 focus groups of 33 healthcare providers (HCPs) at a tertiary‐care children's hospital in North Carolina. Participants were asked about their perspectives on the tracheostomy decision‐making process. Data were transcribed, and coded. Using thematic content analysis, we inductively developed a tracheostomy decision‐making framework and process.ResultsMany factors influenced caregivers' decisions, including children's well‐being and caregivers' values, faith, knowledge, experience, emotional state, and social factors; preserving the child's life was the most important. HCPs consider many clinical and nonclinical factors; recommending tracheostomy for children with limited survival, perceived poor functioning and quality of life, and progressive conditions is ethically difficult. The framework of tracheostomy decision‐making has inter‐related caregiver‐ and HCP‐level factors that influence the process. The framework contains elements not captured in a shared decision‐making model, but better fits a collaborative decision‐making (CDM) model. The tracheostomy CDM process that emerged from the data has two nonsequential components that HCPs could use: (1) gaining understanding and (2) holding decision‐making conversations.ConclusionsCDM could be a useful model for clinicians guiding families about tracheostomy for CMC. The applicability of CDM for decision‐making about other LSTs needs further exploration.
The overexpression of cytochromeP450genes confers buprofezin resistance in the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens(Stål)
Authors: Zeng Bin , Liu Ya‐Ting , Feng Ze‐Rui , Chen Fu‐Rong , Wu Shun‐Fan , Bass Chris , Gao Cong‐Fen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBuprofezin, an insect growth regulator, has been widely used to control brown planthopper (BPH),Nilaparvata lugens, one of the most destructive pests of rice crops in Asia. The intensive use of this compound has resulted in very high levels of resistance to buprofezin in the field, however, the underpinning mechanisms of resistance have not been fully resolved.ResultsInsecticide bioassays using the P450 inhibitor piperonyl butoxide significantly synergized the toxicity of buprofezin in two resistant strains of BPH (BPR and YC2017) compared to a susceptible strain (Sus), suggesting P450s play a role in resistance to this compound. Whole transcriptome profiling identified 1110 genes that were upregulated in the BPR strain compared to the Sus strain, including 13 cytochrome P450 genes, eight esterases and one glutathioneS‐transferase. Subsequently, qPCR validation revealed that four of the P450 genes,CYP6ER1vA,CYP6CW1,CYP4C77, andCYP439A1were significantly overexpressed in both the BRP and YC2017 strains compared with the Sus strain. Further functional analyses showed that only suppression ofCYP6ER1vA,CYP6CW1, andCYP439A1gene expression by RNA interference significantly increased the toxicity of buprofezin against BPH. However, only transgenicDrosophila melanogasterexpressingCYP6ER1vAandCYP439A1exhibited significant resistance to buprofezin. Finally, the BPR strain was found to exhibit modest but significant levels of resistance to acetamiprid, dinotefuran and pymetrozine.ConclusionsOur findings provide strong evidence that the overexpression ofCYP6ER1vAandCYP439A1contribute to buprofezin resistance in BPH, and that resistance to this compound is associated with low‐level resistance to acetamiprid, dinotefuran and pymetrozine. These results advance understanding of the molecular basis of BPH resistance to buprofezin and will inform the development of management strategies for the control of this highly damaging pest. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Design and experiment of a 3‐DoF master device with a 2‐DoF parallel mechanism for flexible ureteroscopy
Authors: Zhao Jianchang , Wang Shuxin , Wang Jiatong , Li Jinhua , Cui Liang , Li Jianmin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTraditional commercial master devices and specialied serial master devices meet insufficient workspace, low intuitiveness, low stiffness, and poor accuracy during master‐slave mapping for robot‐assisted flexible ureteroscopy (FURS).MethodsThis paper presents a 3‐DoF master device for FURS. A 2‐DoF parallel mechanism was designed and utilised in the master device for higher stiffness based on requirements analysis. A Back Propagation Neural Network was built for the forward kinematics of the parallel mechanism during master‐slave mapping. Analysis of mechanical characteristics was carried out for the usability of the master device. A contrast experiment on the phantom was conducted to evaluate the performance between the proposed master device and a previous one.ResultsThe completion time for each trial of the proposed master devices is shorter than that of the previous master serial device. Meanwhile, the proposed device provides a more comfortable operating style than the previous one.ConclusionsThe proposed 3‐DoF configuration for the master device is with more intuitive performance. A better comfort level indicates its usability in clinical applications.
A systematic review of the implementation of learner‐centred pedagogy in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Sakata Nozomi , Bremner Nicholas , Cameron Leanne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article provides a comprehensive descriptive overview of the implementation of learner‐centred pedagogy (LCP) in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Considerable time, money, and resources have been invested in LCP in many countries worldwide, and yet we still lack a comprehensive body of evidence regarding its implementation and outcomes. This systematic review aimed at going beyond the limitations of individual studies, confined by time, context and samples, in order to offer stronger applicability and generalisability to wider contexts. The dataset for analysis consisted of 94 journal articles published between January 2001 and December 2020, selected based on explicit inclusion/exclusion criteria. A team of three researchers utilised EPPI‐Reviewer and QSR NVivo to import, screen, and analyse the texts. The literature on LCP implementation was mapped by key variables such as country, educational setting, study participants, and methods. Firstly, the study found that despite LCP being explicitly promoted in numerous contexts, most classrooms were still predominately teacher‐centred. Secondly, the review identified a wide range of constraints and enablers of LCP implementation, spanning across the individual, classroom, school, policy, and wider society levels. Thirdly, although several positive and negative outcomes of LCP emerged from the study, the review found that the objective evidence on LCP outcomes was somewhat limited, indicating that there is an urgent need for additional research to evaluate LCP outcomes. A conceptual framework of LCP implementation is presented, and implications for policy and future research are discussed. The video abstract for this article is available at https://youtu.be/57EsnDUe_QQ.
Context and implications
Rationale for this study
Despite the worldwide spread of learner‐centred pedagogy (LCP), we currently lack a comprehensive body of evidence regarding its implementation and outcomes.
Why the new findings matter
The findings will help educational stakeholders decide whether and how LCP‐related reforms should continue, based on the enablers, constraints, and outcomes of LCP implementation identified in the review.
Implications for educational researchers and decision‐makers
Firstly, educational researchers will benefit from having a clear summary of existing research which identifies opportunities to further enhance our knowledge; in particular, there is an important gap in the literature in terms of research on the outcomes of LCP implementation over time. Secondly, educational decision‐makers will be better placed to decide (a) the extent to which they should continue to allocate limited resources towards the implementation of LCP‐related reforms; and (b) how they may learn from the cumulative findings of existing case studies to increase the chances of successful implementation.
Tough Bonding of Liquid Metal‐Elastomer Composites for Multifunctional Adhesives
Authors: Pozarycki Tyler A. , Hwang Dohgyu , Barron Edward J. , Wilcox Brittan T. , Tutika Ravi , Bartlett Michael D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLiquid metal (LM) composites, which consist of LM droplets dispersed in highly deformable elastomers, have recently gained interest as a multifunctional material for soft robotics and electronics. The incorporation of LM into elastic solids allows for unique combinations of material properties such as high stretchability with thermal and electrical conductivity comparable to metals. However, it is currently a challenge to incorporate LM composites into integrated systems consisting of diverse materials and components due to a lack of adhesion control. Here, a chemical anchoring methodology to increase adhesion of LM composites to diverse substrates is presented. The fracture energy increases up to 100× relative to untreated surfaces, with values reaching up to 7800 J m−2. Furthermore, the fracture energy, tensile modulus, and thermal conductivity can be tuned together by controlling the microstructure of LM composites. Finally, the bonding technique is used to integrate LM composites with functional electronic components without encapsulation or clamping, allowing for extreme deformations while maintaining exceptional thermal and electrical conductivity. These findings can accelerate the adoption of LM composites into complex soft robotic and electronic systems where strong, reliable bonding between diverse materials and components is required.
Prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies and its associated potential risk factors in rumen and reticulum of domestic ruminants at Bishoftu Elfora Export Abattoir
Authors: Duresa Lamesa Ayana , Kitessa Jiregna Dugassa , Feyissa Cheru Telila 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundNowadays ingestion of indigestible foreign bodies poses serious economic loss to domestic ruminants, especially in a developing country.ObjectivesThe study aims to determine the prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies in the forestomach of domestic ruminants slaughtered at Bishoftu Elfora Export Abattoir and its associated potential risk factors and identify the location and type of these indigestible foreign bodies.Study animalsOn 384 domestic ruminants (171 goats, 125 sheep and 88 cattle) presented for slaughter from different zones of the region.MethodsCross‐sectional study design was conducted from May 2021 to September 2021. Each animal was subjected to ante‐mortem and post‐mortem inspection by providing a unique identification number. For post‐mortem examination, the forestomach was carefully removed from the abdominal cavity. For the positives, the location was properly recorded, washed, identified and photographed.ResultsThe overall prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies in domestic ruminants was 30.73% (118/384). Of these, 32.75% (56/171), 28% (35/125) and 30.68% (27/88) were recorded in goats, sheep and cattle, respectively, without statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). Aged domestic ruminants 39.3% (33/84) had poor body conditions 38.98% (23/59), originated from the Borena zone 42.11% (16/38) and were relatively recorded with higher prevalence. From the forestomach compartments, the indigestible foreign bodies were majorly found in rumen 86.43% (102/118) and reticulum 13.56% (16/118) with a statistical difference (p < 0.05).Conclusion and clinical importanceIngestion of indigestible foreign bodies mainly during the dry season due to shortage of forage, less biodegradable and negligent waste disposal like plastic bags attribute environmental and animal health problems and pose loss to the national economy.
Computational discovery of new modifications in scandium oxychloride (ScOCl) using a multi‐methodological approach
Authors: Zagorac D. , Zagorac J. , Fonović M. , Pejić M. , Schön J. C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractScandium oxychloride (ScOCl) has recently become of interest as an advanced material with possible applications in solid oxide fuel cells, photocatalysis, and electronic devices, as are oxyhalides of various transition metals. In the present study, crystal structure prediction has been utilized to fully investigate the energy landscape of ScOCl. A multi‐methodological approach has been used consisting of a combination of two search methods, where the final structure optimization has been performed on ab initio level using DFT‐LDA and hybrid PBE0 functionals. The experimentally observed α‐ScOCl phase has been found as well as several additional structure candidates at high pressures and/or temperatures. A successful synthesis of these novel ScOCl modifications would have the potential for extending the scientific, technological and industrial applications of ScOCl.