bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics modeling to predict drug-drug interactions of dronedarone as a perpetrator with oral anti-coagulants
Authors: Wen Haini , He Qing-feng , Jiao Zheng , Xiang Xiao-qiang , Yu Jian-guang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Concurrent use of dronedarone and oral anti-coagulants are common since both classes of medications are essential to atrial fibrillation (AF) management. Dronedarone is a moderate inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). All direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are P-gp substrates, and apixaban and rivaroxaban are in addition metabolized by CYP3A4. The current study aims to investigate the impact of dronedarone co-administration on exposure as well as bleeding risk of apixaban or rivaroxaban with physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling.
Method
Modeling and simulation were conducted with Simcyp® Simulator. The input parameters required for dronedarone modeling were collected from literature. The developed dronedarone PBPK model was extensively validated with reported DDIs between dronedarone and CYP3A4 and P-gp substrates. After model validation, the model was applied to evaluate DDI potential of dronedarone on exposure and consequent increase in major bleeding risk of apixaban or rivaroxaban in both healthy subjects and AF patients with renal impairment.
Result
The developed PBPK models accurately describe dronedarone pharmacokinetics following single- oral dose in healthy subjects. The model also predicts DDIs between dronedarone and CYP3A4 and P-gp substrates well, with all fold errors less than 1.5. Co-administration of dronedarone would lead to a 1.23-fold increase and a 1.36-fold increase in AUC24h for rivaroxaban and apixaban in healthy subjects, respectively. In addition, patients with moderate and severe renal impairment co-administered with dronedarone and apixaban would have 1.78-fold and 1.89-fold increase of major bleeding risk, respectively. In contrast, while dronedarone would also increase exposure of rivaroxban in patients with moderate and severe renal impairment, increases in major bleeding risk were 1.18-fold and 1.3-fold, respectively..
Conclusions
Dronedarone co-administration would increase major bleeding risks of rivaroxban and apixban. Reduced apixaban dosing regimen of 3.75mg q12h was recommended when dronedarone is co-administered, for AF patients with both normal and impaired renal functions. Reduced rivaroxban dosing regimen of 10mg q24h was recommended when dronedarone is co-administered for AF patients with both moderate and severe impaired renal functions.
Whole genome non-invasive prenatal testing in prenatal screening algorithm: clinical experience from 12700 pregnancies
Authors: Baranova Elena E , Sagaydak Olesya V. , Galaktionova Alexandra M. , Kuznetsova Ekaterina S. , Kaplanova Madina T. , Makarova Maria V. , Belenikin Maxim S. , Olenev Anton S. , Songolova Ekaterina N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundA fast adoption of a non–invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in clinical practice is a global tendency last years. The aim of the study - to assess efficiency of using NIPT as a second-line first trimester screening test in Moscow.MethodsBased on the results of the first trimester combined prenatal screening 12700 pregnant women were classified as a high-risk (cut-off ≥1:100) and an intermediate-risk (cut-off 1:101 – 1:2500) groups followed by whole genome NIPT. Women from high-risk group and those who had positive NIPT results were considered for invasive prenatal diagnostic. Results258 (2,0%) samples with positive NIPT results were detected including 126 cases of trisomy 21 (T21), 40 cases of T18, 12 cases of T13, 41 cases of sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) and 39 cases of rare autosomal aneuploidies (RAAs) and significant copy number variations (CNVs). Statistically significant associations (p<0.05) were revealed for fetal fraction (FF) and both for some patient’s (body mass index and weight) and fetus’s characteristics (sex and high risk of aneuploidies). NIPT showed high sensitivity and specificity for common trisomies and SCAs with an overall false positive rate 0.3%.ConclusionsNIPT demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. As a second-line screening test it has shown high efficiency in detecting fetus chromosomal anomalies as well as it could potentially lower the number of invasive procedures in pregnant women.
Efficacy of care manager-led support for family caregivers of people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Kazawa Kana , Kubo Tatsuhiko , Ohge Hiroki , Ishii Shinya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: A prolonged COVID-19 pandemic could exacerbate the risk of infection and undesirable effects associated with infection control measures of older people with dementia (PWD), and the care burden of families. In this study, we examined the efficacy of care manager-led information provision and practical support for families of older PWD who need care, regarding appropriate infection prevention, prevention of deterioration of cognitive and physical functions, and preparedness in cases of infection spread or infection during the pandemic.Methods: Fifty-three family members (aged ≥ 20 years) who were primary caregivers living with older PWD using public long-term care services were enrolled in an one-month randomized controlled trial. This duration was set based on behavior modification theory and with consideration of ethical issue that the most vulnerable people not benefiting from the intervention. The intervention group (IG) received care manager-led information provision and practical support, and the control group (CG) received usual care. Care burden (primary outcome) was measured using the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview, and secondary outcomes were analyzed using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9), the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and salivary α-amylase activity. Data were collected at baseline and after one month. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the efficacy of the intervention. The participants evaluated the care managers’ support.Results: The participants were randomly divided into IG (n=27) and CG (n=26) groups. After the intervention, compared with the CG, there was a decrease in PHQ-9 (β = -.202, p = 0.044) and α-amylase activity in saliva (β = -.222, p = 0.097) in IG. IG also showed an increased fear of COVID-19 after the intervention (β = .261, p = 0.003). With the care managers’ support, 57.2% of the participants felt secure in their daily lives and 53.1% agreed that they were able to practice infection prevention suitable for older PWD.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the care manager-led intervention may be useful for families of older PWD to enhance behavioral changes in preventing COVID-19 infection and improve their psychological outcomes in the COVID-19 era. Trial registration: This study was registered on April 2, 2021 (No. UMIN000043820)
Perception and Involvement of Residents in Improving Urban Greenery in Parakou and Porto-Novo Cities of Benin Republic
Authors: Alexis Akakpo Bokon ,   Appollonia A. Okhimamhe1, Orekan Vincent A.O. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Urban sustainable development is a feat to achieve, particularly within African nations. Current patterns of urban expansion are creating multiple problems to urban greenery and quality of life. Assuming urban resident’s perception varies between and within cities, this paper claims to document resident’s perceptions on the existing greenery spaces, the prerogative for environmental safeguard, and the determinant of resident’s willingness for urban greenery improvement within the cities of Parakou and Porto-Novo in Benin. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 400 people in each city. The test χ2 was applied to understand the independence between cities and city boroughs. Correspondence analysis was also used to display some relationships and binary logistic regression to examine the variables that explain people’s willingness to get involved in improving urban greenery in each city. The results revealed that around 80% of existing urban greeneries are mostly located in the core of the town and the state of the density and diversity of these greenery areas were differently perceived in the districts of each city. The main benefits lost from urban greenery were air quality (45.25%) for Parakou and cooling effect (74%) for Porto-Novo and the causes of these losses depended also on the cities and the districts within the cities. Public participation was perceived to be low (> 85%) and the institutional cooperation with local communities must be improved to foster the involvement of people in urban greenery development. This study is relevant to support literature data and to further studies. It will also serve as a guideline for policymakers, urban planners, and managers, cityscape architects, and projects of urban sustainability regarding the urban greenery in the Republic of Benin.
Nurse’s Perception Regarding Challenges in Home Care During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ghezeljeh Tahereh Najafi , Shahrestanaki* Sahar Keyvanloo , majdabadi Zahra Amrollah , Fakhari Ehsan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has posed several challenges to the world's healthcare systems, especially nursing, including home care nursing problems.Objective: The purpose of this study was to explain nurses' perceptions of the challenges of home care in the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods: The present study was a qualitative study with a conventional content analysis approach conducted from November 2020 to September 2021. Participants included 16 home care nurses who were purposefully selected based on eligibility criteria. After obtaining ethical authorization, the data were collected through semi-structured interviews. MAXQDA Version 10 software was used for data mangement. Data analysis was performed using Granheim and Lundman five-step method. Guba and Lincoln criteria were utilized for trustworthiness. Findings: The seven main categories obtained in this study included “the onset of a new chapter: from avoidance to relapse”, “burnout”, “vortex of moral distress”, “social stigma”, “difficulty in breaking the transmission chain”, “care inhibitors related to patient and family” and “support deficiency: crisis of home care nursing agencies in crisis”.Conclusion: The results showed that nurses working in-home care during the Covid-19 pandemic had experienced several challenges in various fields. Identifying these challenges in the Covid-19 pandemic can help improve the quality of home care nursing and strengthen the field for applied research and planning in this area.
Electrostatic Nonlinear Dispersive Parametric Mode Interaction
Authors: Sun Xiaopeng , Zhou Xin , Ren Xingjing , Li Lan , Miao Tongqiao , Lu Kuo , Wu Xuezhong , Xiao Dingbang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Understanding and controlling the nonlinear coupling in micro/nanomechanical resonators are of great importance to the exploitation of advanced devices. The recently observed electrostatic nonlinear parametric coupling is a very interesting topic. However, the theoretical model of the electrostatic parametric coupling still remains unclear. This paper explicitly derives the model and the electrostatically induced dispersive parametric coupling which reveals the ability of tuning the bifurcation topology of capacitive resonators is analyzed based on the multiple-time-scale method. A novel displacement-to-frequency transduction scheme based on this electrostatic dispersive parametric coupling effect is proposed. The transduction sensitivity is theoretically given, which indicates that this electrostatic dispersive transduction scheme can provide even more design freedoms than the existing displacement-to-frequency transduction scheme based on tension modulation. In addition, a bifurcation reversal effect is predicted in the strong actuated states of the dispersive parametric coupled system, which reveals the ability of tuning the bifurcation topology of capacitive resonators.
Antibiotic prescribing patterns for children's outpatient department of primary care institutions in Southwest China
Authors: Wang Wenju , Chang Yue , Yu Shitao , Zhou Xunrong , Wang Lei , He Xun , Zhou Hanni 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The problem of inappropriate use of antibiotics in children is common in many countries. The purpose of the study was to explore patterns of antibiotic prescribing in children’s outpatient clinics in primary care institutions.
Methods
We obtained prescription data from 75 primary care institutions in Guizhou province recorded by the hospital information system in 2020. The classification of incorrect spectrum of antibiotics, unnecessary use and combined use of antibiotics was based on the Guiding Principle of Clinical Use of Antibiotics (2015, China) and guidelines from the USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Potential risk factors for inappropriate use of antibiotics were identified using a bivariate cross table. The generalized estimation equation was used to identify independent predictors controlling irrational use of antibiotics.
Results
A total of 158,267 antibiotic prescriptions were retrieved. Acute upper respiratory tract infections were the most common diseases, accounting for 74.9% of all prescriptions. The main antibiotic group used was penicillins (63.7%), followed by cephalosporins (18.8%). Of 137,284 visits, 30.2% of antibiotic prescriptions were appropriate and the percentage of unnecessary use, incorrect spectrum of antibiotics and combined use of antibiotics was 63.8%, 3.6% and 2.4%, respectively. Physicians with lower professional titles and more than 40 years of work duration were relatively more likely to prescribe inappropriate antibiotics.
Conclusion
The inappropriate use of antibiotics in children is still prominent in primary care institutions of China. The education and training of physicians and caregivers in these institutions should be strengthened.
Effect of intraoperative amino acid infusion on postoperative acute kidney injury after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kazawa Masahiro , Kabata Daijiro , Shintani Ayumi , Minami Kimito , Sasaki Hiroaki , Matsuda Hitoshi , Yoshitani Kenji , Ohnishi Yoshihiko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair is reportedly higher than the incidence after general surgery. Amino acid infusion has been shown to increase renal blood flow, thus protecting the kidneys. Therefore, we hypothesized that intraoperative amino acid infusion, which was used to maintain body temperature, is associated with a lower incidence of postoperative AKI. The aim of this study was to validate this hypothesis. Methods: In this retrospective, observational, single-center cohort study, we included patients who underwent open AAA repair between January 2007 and April 2019. Perioperative data were abstracted from medical records. The primary outcome was AKI diagnosed according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Secondary outcomes were creatinine-AKI diagnosed based on serum creatinine alone and postoperative serum creatinine trajectory. A Fine and Gray proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between amino acid infusion and AKI. Similarly, multivariable logistic regression was performed for creatinine-AKI. Postoperative serum creatinine trajectory was assessed using a multivariable non-linear regression model with the Huber-White method.Results: Of 696 patients, 310 patients received an amino acid infusion. Most patients received an amino acid infusion of 20 g. The amino acid group had a lower prevalence of AKI (24.7% vs. 25.3%; adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR)=0.86; 95% CI, 0.67–1.11; P=0.24) and creatinine-AKI (23.5% vs. 19.2%; adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.84; 95% CI, 0.50–1.43; P=0.52) than the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant. Postoperative serum creatinine levels were significantly lower in the amino acid infusion group on postoperative days 5 and 6.Conclusions: Intraoperative amino acid infusion has a tendency to reduce the incidence of postoperative AKI among patients undergoing open AAA repair. However, we could not show a statistically significant difference.Trial registration: UMIN000038527, 09/11/2019
Design approach of shear strengthened masonry: welded wire meshes, Reticulatus and cementitious plastering methods
Authors: Thamboo Julian , Corradi Marco , Poologanathan Keerthan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Masonry often requires strengthening to withstand against extreme actions such as earthquakes, cyclones and flooding. Recently, new solutions have been developed to strengthen masonry, such as Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrixes (FRCM) and Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRP). However, other strengthening systems such as Welded Wire Meshing (WWM), Reticulatus and Plastering with Cementitious matrixes/mortar (CP) have been also practiced, conversely no systematic design guidelines are available for these methods. In this study, an attempt has been made to establish rational design approaches to predict the shear resistance of WWM, Reticulatus and CP strengthening systems. Three sets of experimental database have been developed for design verification. The effectiveness of these strengthening methods was appraised by comparing their structural performances. The available formulations to predict the shear resistance of unreinforced masonry (URM) and CP strengthened masonry were assessed against the established database, and suitable modifications were proposed to effectively account the contribution of cementitious matrix. A unified approach to estimate the shear strength was proposed based on the contribution of URM, CP and reinforcements. The design approach is shown to conservatively predict the shear strength of reinforced masonry.
Nomograms for predicting survival outcomes in patients with bladder mucinous adenocarcinoma: a large population-based investigation
Authors: Song Wu , Pan Jian , Li Ying-Rui , Lei Qi-Fang , Wang Feng , Dai Rui-Xiang , Wang Yu , Liang Guan-Can 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Bladder mucinous adenocarcinoma (BMA) is a very few histological subtypes has an invasive disease progression and poor clinical prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic clinicopathological factors in patients with BMA and to develop a nomogram model using a large population-based cancer database.Patients and Methods: A total of 426 patients with BMA with adequate tumor data were determined in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2017. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for constructing the nomograms to forecast the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in BMA patients.Results: Compared with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), BMA patients are younger and have larger tumors. BMA Patients were also be inclined to experience advanced T stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Older age, poorly differentiated histological grade, extravesical tumor, lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis, and larger tumor volume were unassociated risk factors, and hence integrated into the models. The C-index values of the nomograms to predict OS and CSS were 0.708 and 0.741, respectively.Conclusion: Two prognostic nomograms were developed that provided an individual prediction of OS and CSS for BMA patients, which may help clinicians make treatment plans.
Assessment of formats and completeness of paper-based referral letters among urban hospitals in Rwanda: A retrospective baseline study
Authors: Kalume Zamzam , Jansen Bart , Nyssen Marc , Cornelis Jan , Verbeke Frank , Niyoyita Jean Paul 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Patient referral is a process in which a healthcare provider decides to seek assistance at a higher level of care. Paper-based referrals predominantly used in low-income countries hardly follow any procedures. This causes a major gap in communication, coordination, and continuity of care between primary and specialized levels, leading to poor access, delay, duplication and unnecessary costs. The goal of this study is to assess the formats and completeness of existing paper-based referral letters to improve health information exchange, coordination, and continuity of care for the hospitals in the urban environment of Kigali.
Methods
A retrospective exploratory research was conducted in eight public and three private healthcare facilities in the city of Kigali from July 2019 to July 2021. A purposive sampling method was used to select referral letters from patients’ files. A data capture sheet was designed according to the contents of the referral letters and were analyzed descriptively.
Results
In public hospitals, there were five updated referral letters in total agreement with world health organization (WHO) standards of which two (neonatal transfer form and patient monitoring transfer form) were not used. There was also one old format that was used by most hospitals and another format designed and used by a district hospital (DH) separately. Three formats were designed and used by private hospitals (PH) individually. A total of 2,304 referral letters were perused and the results show that “external transfer” forms were completed at 58,8%; “antenatal, delivery, and postnatal external transfer” forms at 47,5%; “internal transfer” forms at 46,6%; “Fiche de référence / Contre reference” forms at 46,0%; district hospital (DH2) at 73,4%. Referrals by private hospitals (PH1, PH2 and PH3) were completed at 97,7%, 70,7%, and 0.0% respectively.
Conclusions
There were inconsistencies in the format of the available referral letters used by public hospitals though some of them were incompatible with WHO standards. Additionally, there were deficits in the completeness of referral letters. There is a need to disseminate the national patient referral guideline in public hospitals with emphasis on referral feedback, referral registry, triage, archiving, and regular training organization.
Landslide susceptibility mapping using machine learning techniques and comparison of their performance at Ziz upper watershed, Southeastern Morocco
Authors: manaouch mohamed , Sadiki Mohamed , Aghad Mohamed , Batchi Mohcine , Karkouri Jamal Al 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Landslides pose a serious threat to humans, their infrastructure and property, especially in mountainous areas. In Morocco, these risks have attracted more attention due to their harms. The current study aims to use machine learning techniques (MLTs) including Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Random Forest (RF), Instance-Based K (IBK), Naïve Bayes (NB) and Decision Tree (J48) to model landslide susceptibility and to compare their performance. Initially, 144 landslide sites were inventoried. Then, thirteen factors related to landslides were considered. Finally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) method was used to compare models’ performance. The results showed that AUC values for six MLTs range from 53.0% for RF to 96.1% for J48. Both J48 (AUC = 96.1%) and NB (AUC = 89.5%) showed the best performance compared to the others. The results of this work and the generated landslide susceptibility maps can help decision makers to avoid high susceptible areas.