bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cascaded Amplification and Manipulation of Terahertz Emission by Flexible Spintronic Heterostructures
Authors: Jin Zuanming , Peng Yan , Ni Yangyang , Wu Guanjie , Ji Bingyu , Wu Xu , Zhang Zongzhi , Ma Guohong , Zhang Chao , Chen Lin , Balakin Alexey V. , Shkurinov Alexander P. , Zhu Yiming , Zhuang Songlin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpintronic heterostructures consisting of ferromagnetic (FM) and nonmagnetic (NM) have become increasingly important devices for terahertz (THz) pulse generation, named as spintronic THz emitter (STE). The recycling of the laser pump energy is known to have a key impact on further improvement of the THz emission. Here, an efficient and practical approach to enhance and manipulate THz generation based on a cascaded Pt/CoFe/Ta trilayer fabricated on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate is shown. Considering the refractive index n of PET is ≈1.61 at 1.55 eV and ≈1.75 at THz frequencies, it is anticipated that the femtosecond (fs) laser pulse propagates with a similar group velocity as the generated THz pulse. Therefore, the cascaded design enables all THz emission from each PET/STE propagating almost in‐phase and yields a 1.55 times amplification compared to a single PET/STE. Two proof‐of‐concept demonstrations are experimentally presented. First one, a metasurface can be assembled with the cascaded PET/STE to manipulate the THz signal. Second one, the cascaded PET/STE is used to perform a spectroscopic measurement of riboflavin. These demonstrations highlight the potential of flexible PET/STE for building blocks of advanced functionalities, such as compact THz emitters, THz spectroscopic, and imaging systems.
Eigenvalue‐UTilité Additive approach for evaluating multi‐criteria decision‐making problem
Authors: Rezaeinia Nahid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractForest road building is experiencing a period of expansion. It is linked to better resource extraction and transportation and higher ease of access for inhabitants. This paper discusses the problem of evaluating a forest road network in the Hyrcanian forest in northern Iran. This includes the requirements that forest managers must consider, such as economic and environmental criteria. In addition, opportunities and risks of forest road building are also considered. A multi‐methodology decision‐making approach is proposed to solve the problem. In light of the results, the proposed approach is reliable and flexible for use in similar cases. Using the proposed approach can structure and facilitate the decision‐making process for the managers.
Association between pregnancy and nocturia: A National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey analysis
Authors: Khosla Lakshay , Huang Aaron J. , Kasarla Nikhil , Monaghan Thomas F. , Weiss Jeffrey P. , Kabarriti Abdo E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to determine the impact of pregnancy and pregnancy‐associated characteristics on nocturia.MethodsUsing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2005/06 to 2017/18, we analyzed women who completed the “Reproductive Health” and “Kidney Conditions‐Urology” questionnaires by sorting them into three groups: nulligravida, previously pregnant (nonpregnant with prior pregnancies), and currently pregnant. After excluding patients with pre‐existing conditions impacting nocturia or with incomplete data, we weighed and matched the groups for age, race, BMI, and number of pregnancies. The relationships of nocturia to pregnancy in all groups and pregnancy‐associated characteristics (gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM], history of multiple pregnancies, and trimesters of pregnancy) in currently pregnant women were assessed.ResultsOf 8330 women that indicated pregnancy status, 1544 women (age range: 20–44 years; 523 nulligravida, 498 previously pregnant, 523 currently pregnant women) were included in analysis. Currently, pregnant women had a higher prevalence of nocturia than previously pregnant and nulligravida women (56.4% vs. 22.5% vs. 16.1%, p < 0.001) and had the highest odds of nocturia (OR: 6.82, p < 0.001). GDM or history of multiple pregnancies showed no associations in currently pregnant women. Increasing trimesters were associated with nocturia, with the third trimester showing the highest odds (OR: 10.35, p < 0.001) and a greater average of nighttime voids than the first and second trimesters (2.40 ± 1.42 vs. 1.56 ± 1.31 and 1.88 ± 1.32, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe association noted between pregnancy and nocturia, which strengthened with increasing trimesters, demonstrates that nocturia can significantly impact quality of life and therefore must be addressed during pregnancy.
Local knot method for solving inverse Cauchy problems of Helmholtz equations on complicated two‐ and three‐dimensional domains
Authors: Wang Fajie , Chen Zengtao , Gong Yanpeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article presents a local knot method (LKM) to solve inverse Cauchy problems of Helmholtz equations in arbitrary 2D and 3D domains. The Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse using the truncated singular value decomposition is employed in the local approximation of supporting domain instead of the moving least squares method. The developed approach is a semi‐analytical and local radial basis function collocation method using the non‐singular general solution as the basis function. Like the traditional boundary knot method, the LKM is simple, accurate and easy‐to‐program in solving inverse Cauchy problems associated with Helmholtz equations. Unlike the boundary knot method, the new scheme can directly reconstruct the unknowns both inside the physical domain and along its boundary by solving a sparse linear system, and can achieve a satisfactory solution. Numerical experiments, involving the complicated geometry and the high noise level, confirm the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method for solving inverse Cauchy problems of Helmholtz equations.
Short‐term weight loss decreased the risk of chronic kidney disease in men with incident nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Hu Shiqi , Li Xiaolan , Sun Yuanyuan , Wu Shouling , Lan Yanqi , Chen Shuohua , Wang Yanhong , Liao Wei , Wang Xiaomo , Zhang Di , Yuan Xiaojie , Gao Jingli , Wang Li 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to examine the association of obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) after nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurrence.MethodsThe study enrolled 10,311 adult men with newly diagnosed NAFLD and without CKD in the Kailuan cohort (2006–2013). The Fine‐Gray model was used to compare advanced CKD risk in NAFLD with different baseline or trajectories in obesity measures.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 10 years, maintaining normal waist circumference or waist‐hip ratio, or transition from obesity to nonobesity determined by BMI, decreased 31% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.51–0.93), 34% (HR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45–0.95), and 38% (HR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.40–0.96) of the CKD hazard compared with the “constantly without obesity” subgroup, respectively. NAFLD patients with at least 10% weight loss (HR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.34–0.97) and with 7.0% to 9.9% weight loss (HR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.28–0.99) had a lower risk for CKD than those with weight change ±4.9%. Compared with the stable weight population, the lower risk of ≥7% weight loss was observed only in patients with elevated blood pressure (adjusted HR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.28–0.81).ConclusionsShort‐term weight loss of at least 7% could decrease CKD risk, especially among patients with obesity and elevated blood pressure. It is important to monitor waist circumference, waist‐hip ratio, and weight for NAFLD management.
The impact of pretransplant serum ferritin on haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplant for acquired severe aplastic anemia in children and adolescents
Authors: Lin Fan , Zuo Yangyang , Zhang Yuanyuan , Cheng Yifei , Han Tingting , Mo Xiaodong , Suo Pan , Sun Yuqian , Tang Feifei , Wang Fengrong , Yan Chenhua , Chen Yuhong , Han Wei , Wang Jingzhi , Wang Yu , Zhang Xiaohui , Liu Kaiyan , Huang Xiaojun , Xu Lanping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHaploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplant (haplo‐HSCT) provides an important alternative for children and adolescents with acquired severe aplastic anemia (SAA) lacking matched donors. To test whether pretransplant serum ferritin (SF) represents a candidate predictor for survival and a potential biomarker for graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) in pediatric haplo‐HSCT, we retrospectively evaluated 147 eligible patients with SAA who underwent haplo‐HSCT. The patients were divided into the low‐SF group (< 1000 ng/mL) and the high‐SF group (≥ 1000 ng/mL). We found that SF ≥1000 ng/mL independently increased the risk of grade II‐IV aGvHD (HR = 2.596; 95% CI, 1.304‐5.167, P = 0.007) and grade III‐IV aGvHD (HR = 3.350; 95% CI, 1.162‐9.658, P = 0.025). Similar probabilities of transplant‐related mortality at 100 days were observed in the two groups (6.19 ± 2.45% vs 8.00 ± 3.84%, P = 0.168). The two‐year overall survival (85.29 ± 3.89% vs 92.00% ± 3.84%, P = 0.746) and failure‐free survival (83.23% ± 4.08% vs 83.37% ± 6.27%, P = 0.915) were comparable. GvHD‐/failure‐free survival were 60.06 ± 5.10% and 75.56 ± 6.87%, respectively (P = 0.056). In conclusion, elevated pretransplant SF level is associated with higher incidences of grade II‐IV aGvHD and grade III‐IV aGvHD. However, it is not associated with worse survival after haplo‐HSCT for children and adolescent patients with SAA.
Spatial distribution of incident pediatric Burkitt lymphoma in central and northern Malawi and association with malaria prevalence
Authors: Gondwe Yolanda , Salima Ande , Manda Agness , Ozuah Nmazuo , Mapurisa Gugulethu , Brandt Katerina , Gopal Satish , Tomoka Tamiwe , Fedoriw Yuri , Westmoreland Katherine D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundBurkitt lymphoma (BL) accounts for 90% of pediatric lymphomas in sub‐Saharan Africa. Plasmodium falciparum malaria is considered an etiological factor of BL. We describe the geographic distribution of pediatric BL in Malawi and association with P. falciparum malaria prevalence rate (PfPR).MethodsWe enrolled 220 pathologically confirmed incident pediatric BL cases (2013–2018) into an observational clinical cohort at Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Lilongwe district. KCH is the main tertiary cancer referral center serving the central and northern regions of Malawi. Using an ecological study design, we calculated district‐level annual BL incidence rate using census population estimates. District‐level PfPR was extracted from the National Malaria Control Program 2010 report. BL incidence and PfPR maps were constructed in QGIS. Moran's I test was used to identify BL spatial clusters. Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to statistically examine the relationship between PfPR and BL.ResultsBL incidence was higher in central region districts (8.2 cases per million) than northern districts (2.9 cases per million) and was elevated in lakeshore districts. Districts with elevated PfPR tended to have elevated BL incidence. A low‐risk BL cluster was detected in the north. Statistically, BL incidence was positively correlated with PfPR (r = .77, p < .01). A 1% increase in PfPR predicted an increase in BL incidence of 0.2 cases per million (p = .03), when controlling for travel time from referral district hospital to KCH.ConclusionOur study supports evidence for an association between P. falciparum and BL and highlights a need to improve geographic accessibility to tertiary cancer services in Malawi's northern region.
High‐performance thin‐layer chromatography coupled attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier‐transform infrared and NMR spectroscopy‐based identification of α‐amylase inhibitor from the aerial part of Asparagus racemosus Willd
Authors: Das Priya , Ashraf Gouhar Jahan , Baishya Tania , Dua Tarun Kumar , Paul Paramita , Nandi Gouranga , Sahu Ranabir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionα‐Amylase inhibitors from natural sources are of interest for new drug development for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). High‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) coupled bioassay guided isolation of bioactive compounds has been improved within last few years.ObjectiveA microchemical derivatised HPTLC‐coupled attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier‐transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was employed for profiling α‐amylase inhibitor from the aerial part of Asparagus racemosus Willd.MethodologyAsparagus racemosus Willd. aerial part extracted with different solvents (n‐hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol) and assayed to detect free radical scavengers and α‐amylase inhibitor by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and starch‐iodine assay method, respectively. HPTLC‐coupled ATR‐FTIR and NMR spectroscopy was used to identify the α‐amylase inhibitor.ResultsMethanolic extract of A. racemosus showed highest antioxidant activity (21.99 μg GAE/μL) where n‐hexane extract showed lowest antioxidant activity (5.87 μg GAE/μL). The α‐amylase inhibition was recorded as highest and lowest in ethyl acetate extract (13.13 AE/μL) and n‐hexane extract (3.92 AE/μL), respectively. The deep blue zone of α‐amylase sprayed TLC plate of extracts with hRF = 72 analysed for ATR‐FTIR and NMR spectroscopy which revealed the presence of stigmasterol is responsible for α‐amylase inhibition.ConclusionThe present work establishes the α‐amylase inhibiting properties of A. racemosus maintaining its use for the treatment of DM as a traditional medicine. Bioassay guided isolation through HPTLC‐coupled ATR‐FTIR and NMR spectroscopy offers an effective method for the exploration of bioactive compounds such as α‐amylase inhibitor from complex plant extracts.
Implementation of online classes during national school closure due to COVID‐19 and mental health symptoms of adolescents: A cross‐sectional survey of 5000 students
Authors: Morishima Ryo , Koike Haruna , Kanehara Akiko , Usui Kaori , Okada Naohiro , Ando Shuntaro , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimOnline classes were implemented in numerous schools during the school closure due to COVID‐19. The present study examined the relationship between online classes during national school closure and mental health symptoms after the reopening of schools.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional survey from October 1 to November 7, 2020 using an anonymous self‐reported questionnaire to evaluate 21 junior and senior high schools in the Saitama prefecture of Japan. Out of the 5538 students who were recruited, 5000 agreed to participate. The relationship between the implementation of online classes and mental health symptoms (emotional symptoms, psychotic experience [PE], and smartphone addiction) was evaluated using mixed‐effect logistic regression models, while controlling for individual and class‐level covariates (e.g., gender, grades).ResultsImplementation of online classes was reported by 78.2% of classroom teachers, and it was associated with lower rates of emotional symptoms (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.63–0.99, p = 0.040) and smartphone addiction (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.65–0.96, p = 0.020), but not related to PE (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.61–1.36, p = 0.637).ConclusionsImplementing online classes during the national school closure might have had a potential protective effect for adolescents' mental health symptoms (especially emotional symptoms and smartphone addiction) after the reopening of schools during the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic.
On the viability of divergent donor moieties in malononitrile‐based donor‐π‐acceptor NLO active materials: A DFT/TD‐DFT study
Authors: Yahya Mohamed , Kurtay Gülbin , Suvitha Athisaya Rajah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, a detailed density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent (TD)‐DFT investigation of (E)‐2‐((5‐(2‐aryl)thiophen‐2‐yl)methylene)malononitrile backbone decorated with divergent donor subunits including triphenylamine (Q1), 2,3,6,7‐tetrahydro‐1H,5H‐pyrido[3,2,1‐ij]quinoline (Q2), 1‐phenylpiperidine (Q3), 1‐phenylpyrrolidine (Q4), and 4‐phenylmorpholine (Q5) were conducted consecutively. During the modelization of the dye molecules, the linker and acceptor subunits were kept identical to focus on the donor scaffolds' influence on the electronic and photophysical properties. The target photosensitizers were then abbreviated according to their different donor subunits, C(1‐5). Conducted computational studies reveal that these compounds have enhanced electronic properties and that their reduced bandgap (Ɛgap) energies prove their potent applicability as non‐linear optical (NLO) active components. Accordingly, the dye molecules were also investigated using UV–vis absorption spectra in the presence of various solvent systems. The global chemical reactivity descriptors, molecular electrostatic potential, and first‐order NLO response of C(1‐5) molecules were examined, and the thermodynamic parameters of target molecules, including heat capacity, entropy, enthalpy, free energy, and zero‐point energy, were also determined as a function of temperature (298.15 K).
The role of exercise right heart catheterization to guide pulmonary hypertension therapy in older adults
Authors: Mak Susanna , Kolker Shimon , Girdharry Natasha R. , Bentley Robert F. , Valle Felipe H. , Gurtu Vikram , Mok K. H. , Moric Jakov , Thenganatt John , Granton John T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe spectrum of patients referred for suspected pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) includes a population with clinical features suggestive of pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH‐LHD). Even after right heart catheterization (RHC) performed at rest, it can be a challenge to identify patients who will clearly benefit from PAH drug therapy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the role of exercise RHC to influence decisions regarding prescription of PAH drug therapy in this population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted of older adults with risk factors for PH‐LHD and suspected PH referred for exercise RHC. One year follow‐up was conducted to record clinical outcomes, all changes in PAH drug therapy, and changes in patient‐reported quality of life. The final cohort included 61 patients, mean age of 69 ± 10; 44% and 34% had a history of coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation respectively. Exercise changed the proportional breakdown of hemodynamic diagnoses from 36% No PH, 44% PAH, and 20% PH‐LHD at rest to 15% No PH, 36% PAH, and 49% PH‐LHD. Although a significant proportion of patients were reclassified as PH‐LHD, there was an overall increase in the proportion of patients receiving PAH drug therapy, particularly for those with PAH confirmed by exercise RHC. A total of 11 PAH drug prescriptions were employed before exercise RHC increasing to 24 after (p = 0.002). Patients receiving PAH therapy demonstrated significant improvement in self‐reported quality of life. Exercise RHC appeared to influence selection of PAH drug therapy.
Decentralized composite generalized predictive control strategy for DC microgrids with high PV penetration
Authors: Li Mingdi , Lang Jilin , Zhang Chuanlin , Cui Chenggang , Xu Long 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigh PV penetration into DC microgrids could bring serious stabilization challenges for power electronics engineers, as renewables are accessible to DC bus voltage oscillation, hence leading to degradation of power quality and even system collapse. This article addresses the stabilization issue for a DC microgrid with high PV penetration rate, in which a decentralized composite generalized predictive control strategy is designed. First, a disturbance observer is designed to deal with the lumped uncertainties of both PV intermittency and variation of constant power loads, which is subsequently integrated into the control design through feedforward compensation loops. Second, an offset‐free generalized predictive controller is designed by employing the receding‐horizon optimization process. In this regard, the new method could endow the DC microgrid system of two main distinguishable features: (1) large‐signal stability for global system; (2) optimized transient‐time control performance based on an offset‐free voltage regulation objective. The effectiveness and performance improvement of the proposed methodology are verified by comparative experimental studies on a DC microgrid platform with 50% PV integration.
Cellulose‐Based Materials for Water Purification
Authors: Jain Preeti , De Anindita , Singh Nakshatra Bahadur 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCellulose is a linear syndiotactic homopolymer, made up of glucose units designated as D‐anhydroglucopyranose units (AGU). The glucose units are connected with each other by b‐(l‐4)‐glycosidic linkage to form a dimeric structure known as cellobiose. These units are assembled into microfibils in a heirarchial manner with excellent strength and stiffness. The properties of cellulose can be further enhanced by either surface functionalization or by converting it to nano form. Nanocellulosic materials are non‐toxic, biodegradable, biocompatible and exhibit enhanced surface properties so widely used for purification of water through adsorption process. This review outlined the most recent updates of uses of cellulose and cellulose derived nano material, composite and nanocomposite as a new class of adsorbents for water remediation.
A Phenothiazine‐Thiophene‐linked Chalcone as a Highly Sensitive Fluorescent Chemosensor for Ag+ Ions
Authors: Karuppannan Sekar , Karmegam Muthu Vengaian , Leslee Denzil Britto Christopher 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel Phenothiazine‐Thiophen Chalcone (PTC) sensor exhibit selective fluorescent recognition of Ag+ ions over other potential influencing metal ions. A turn off fluorescence was observed with addition of Ag+ ion which revealed through naked eye detection with red to colorless solution after addition of Ag+ ion. The optical sensing activities were investigated with UV‐Visible and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques in acetonitrile/water (6 : 4, v/v) mixture. The ligand PTC showed quenching in absorbance and fluorescence with increasing addition of Ag+ ions that related to the static quenching due to ground state complex formation. The sensor PTC established a lowest detection limit of about ∼10−8 m and good binding equilibrium. The binding and optical sensing mechanism of PTC with Ag+ was evaluated using FT‐IR, NMR, ESI‐MS and optical spectrum. The surface morphology of the probe and its ensemble was investigated by using SEM and EDAX analysis. Also the environmental applications have shown that the results of PTC have the greatest potential in testing using different water samples.