bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor reliability and reproducibility of 3 different radiographical classification systems for distal ulna fractures
Authors: Moloney Maria , Kåredal Jan , Persson Tomas , Farnebo Simon , Adolfsson Lars 
Published: April 2022

Background and purpose: Classification of fractures can be valuable for research purposes but also in clinical work. Especially with are fractures, such as distal ulna fractures, a treatment algorithm based on a classification can be helpful. We compared 3 different classification systems of distal ulna fractures and investigated their reliability and reproducibility.Patients and methods: patients with 97 fractures of the distal ulna, excluding the ulnar styloid, were included. All fractures were independently classified by 3 observers according to the classification by Biyani, AO/OTA 2007, and AO/OTA 2018. The classification process was repeated after a minimum of 3 weeks. We used Kappa value analysis to determine inter- and intra-rater agreement.Results: The inter-rater agreement of the AO/OTA 2007 classification was judged as fair, ĸ 0.40, whereas the agreement of AO/OTA 2018 and Biyani was moderate at ĸ 0.42 and 0.43 respectively. The intra-rater agreement was judged as moderate for all classifications.Interpretation: The differences between the classifications were small and the overall impression was that neither of them was good enough to be of substantial clinical value. The Biyani classification, being developed specifically for distal ulna fractures, was the easiest and most fitting for the fracture patterns seen in our material, but lacking options for fractures of the distal diaphysis. Standard radiographs were considered insufficient for an accurate classification. A better radiographic method combined with a revised classification might improve accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility.
Corporate social responsibility fulfilment, product-market competition and debt risk: Evidence from China
Authors: Hong Chen , Xuefei Peng , Caiyun Chen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Based on the financial data for Chinese A-share companies listed in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges and the corporate social responsibility (CSR) score data published in the Hexun website‡from 2010 to 2019, we carried out an empirical study and found that CSR fulfilment helps to restrain debt risk faced by firms, and that product-market competition can promote the inhibitory effect of CSR fulfilment on debt risk. The further study found that CSR fulfilment of monetary capital layer and human capital layer on debt risk will be significantly stronger than that of social capital layer.
Interleukin-6 blocking therapy for COVID-19: From immune pathogenesis to clinical outcomes
Authors: Xiao Fan , Wu Ling , Zhu Xiaoxia , Zhang Lijun , Liu Dongzhou , Wu Lijun , Zou Hejian , Lu Liwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As a newly emerged infectious disease, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths, resulting in a global health challenge. Currently, several vaccines have been approved with significant benefits against disease transmission. However, effective therapies are still needed for the clinical management of infected COVID-19 patients. Available evidence has indicated elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), in COVID-19 patients, with cytokine storm involving excessive cytokine release being observed in some severe cases. Several clinical studies have shown the promising effects of IL-6-blocking strategy in treating severe COVID-19 patients, but some observational studies have reported that IL-6-blocking therapy has no effects in preventing disease progression or death among COVID-19 patients. Herein, we review recent findings on the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19, with specific emphasis on the proinflammatory function of IL-6 and discuss the therapeutic potential of IL-6-blocking therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 patients, especially those with rheumatic diseases.
Antitumor Activity of Palladium(II) Complexes on DU-145 Cell Line in Vitro
Authors: Simic Dejan , Zaric Milan , Jakovljevic Stefan , Pantic Katarina , Petrovic Djordje , Milic Sandra Jovicic , Canovic Petar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the area of non-platinum complexes, various complexes containing gold, copper, ruthenium, and palladium have shown a strong cytotoxic effect on different cancer cell lines. The aim of our study was to examine the cytotoxicity of the Pd(II) complexes (C1-C5) and the corresponding ligands (L1-L5) on the DU-145 prostate cancer cell line. Also, due to its clinical application, the cytotoxicity of cisplatin has been examined. Our findings showed that C1- C5 complexes and cisplatin show dose-dependent and strong cytotoxic effects against the DU-145 cell line in vitro. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that early apoptosis was induced by all five Pd(II) complexes. Also, the results showed that complexes C1, C3, and C5 induced G0/G1 phase arrest on DU- 145 cells. Pd(II) complex C2 induced S phase arrest, while C4 complex induced G2/M phase arrest on cancer cells. Additionally, all tested complexes significantly reduced the amount of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Also, there was a significant increase in the concentration of proapoptotic Bax protein in DU-145 cells treated C1-C5 complexes. The results of our research demonstrated that Pd(II) complexes induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Thus, it is crucial to further investigate the cytotoxicity of these Pd(II) complexes in vivo. Complex C2 might be a good candidate for a new generation of anticancer drugs.
Modern server ARM processors for supercomputers: A64FX and others. Initial data of benchmarks
Authors: Kuzminsky Mikhail Borisovich 
Published: April 2022

A comparative analysis of the performance of ARM server processors used on supercomputers or also aimed at high-performance computing (HPC) is given. Fujitsu A64FX, Marvell ThunderX2 and Huawei Kunpeng 920 were selected for the initial performance analysis. The HPC performance review focuses primarily on benchmarks and applications for the A64FX, which supports longer vectors than other ARM processors and has higher peak performance. The performance of the A64FX is compared against corresponding data for Intel Xeon Skylake and Cascade Lake, and AMD EPYC with Zen 2 and 3 (Roma and Milan), as well as Nvidia V100 and A100 GPUs. A short set of potential pros and cons of the A64FX microarchitecture has been formulated. Comparison of performance data obtained using different compilers for A64FX. Features have been formed when A64FX usually gives advantages in performance over x86-64, and when it concedes to x86-64.It is clear that the use of A64FX in supercomputers can grow further. There is an assumption that x86-64 hegemony in HPC will decrease, in particular, due to the increased use of server ARM processors. But the analysis of A64FX and new AArch64 processors expected in the near future showed that A64FX will not necessarily lead in this process.
Robust algorithmic binding to arbitrary fragment of program code
Authors: Goloveshkin Alexey V. , Mikhalkovich Stanislav S. 
Published: April 2022

When solving a task, a programmer actively interacts with a finite set of code fragments. The information about their locations is important for quick navigation, for other developers, and as a kind of documentation. Integrated development environments (IDEs) provide tools for marking code fragments with labels, displaying lists of labels, and using these labels for quick navigation. However, they often lose the correspondence between the label and the marked place when the code is edited, in particular when changes are made outside the IDE.
In previous works, the authors propose a tool to be integrated into various IDEs for “binding” to large syntactic entities of a program and building a markup that is robust to code editing. The description of the marked element is built on the basis of the abstract syntax tree (AST) of the program. Later it is used to algorithmically search for the element in an edited code. The search has a success rate from 99 to 100%.
This article aims at robust algorithmic binding to an arbitrary section of the code. For binding to a single-line code fragment, we propose an extension of the model describing the marked fragment, and an additional search algorithm. We also propose an algorithm for embedding nodes corresponding to multi-line fragments in an AST. We show that the correctness of the AST is not violated by these embeddings. Bindings to randomly selected lines were made in the code of three large C# projects. Manual check of these lines search results in the edited code has confirmed that the bindings are robust to code editing.
Psychological challenges and coping strategies of quarantined healthcare workers exposed to confirmed COVID-19 cases in a tertiary hospital in Edo state
Authors: Mokogwu Ndubuisi 
Published: April 2022

Objectives:
Healthcare workers (HCWs) face a significant risk of exposure to the new SARS-CoV-2 virus due to its high infectivity. This study aimed to determine the mental health consequences of quarantine and the coping strategies used by quarantined healthcare workers (HCW) at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH).

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional survey of 32 HCWs quarantined due to exposure to confirmed case of COVID-19. The primary outcome variables were the frequency of depression, anxiety, and anxiety-depression. Data was collected with the use of a self-administered questionnaire adapted from the patient health questionnaire-9 and the general anxiety disorder-7 questionnaires respetively.

Results:
There were 32 quarantined health workers with a mean ± SD age of 32.4 ± 8.4 years, and 59.4% were female. Twenty-three (71.9%) had spent <5 years in service. Doctors and nurses made up an equal proportion of 46.9% of the respondents, respectively. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and anxiety-depression was 9.4%, 12.5%, and 9.4%, respectively. Coping measures employed by the health workers centered on preventing boredom and improving communication.

Conclusion:
There was a low frequency of anxiety, depression, and anxiety-depression in HCWs who were quarantined as a result of exposure to COVID-19. Health-care managers need to support the establish formal workplace mental health programs to support the psychological well-being of all staff.
Takeuti's Well-ordering Proof
Authors: Thomas-Bolduc Aaron , Darnell Eamon 
Published: April 2022

G. Genzten’s 1938 proof of the consistency of pure arithmetic was hailed as a success for finitism and constructivism, but his proof requires induction along ordinal notations in Cantor normal form up to the first epsilon number, Îµ0. This left the task of giving a finitisically acceptable proof of the well-ordering of those ordinal notations, without which Gentzen’s proof could hardly be seen as a success for finitism. In his seminal book Proof Theory G. Takeuti provides such a proof. After a brief philosophical introduction, we provide a reconstruction of Takeuti’s proof including corrections, comments, re-organization and notational adjustments for the sake of clarity. The result is a much longer, but much more tractable proof of the well-ordering of ordinal notations in Cantor normal form less than Îµ0, that nevertheless follows Takeuti’s strategy closely. We end with some more general comments about that proof strategy and the notion of accessibility more generally.
Development of Computer Vision Algorithms for Multi-class Waste Segregation and Their Analysis
Authors: Narayanswamy Neeraja , Rajak A. R. Abdul , Hasan Shazia 
Published: April 2022

Classification of waste for recycling has been a focal point for scientists interested in the field of conservation of the environment. Recycling consists of numerous steps, of which one of the most crucial is the segregation of recyclables from all other waste. Due to a lack of safety standards in developing countries, waste collection is often done manually by domestic helpers, or "rag-pickers". Such a process risks individual and public health. The waste collection methods may ultimately cause waste to become non-recyclable due to cross-contamination. Literature shows that research in this direction focuses on a single class of waste detection. The proposed work investigates CNN, YOLO, and faster RCNN-based multi-class classification methods to detect different types of waste at the collecting point. The smart dustbin proposed employs these computer vision methods with a Raspberry Pi microcontroller and camera module. The experimental results for multi-class classification show that the CNN has 80% of accuracy with 60% of the loss. Whereas the YOLO algorithm shows an accuracy of 88% and a loss of 40%. But the best results were obtained from faster RCNN object detection with API, with an accuracy of 91% and a loss of 16%. There is already an existing method for making a smart dustbin, so the results are compared to show how computer vision can be used to make a smart dustbin. This shows how computer vision can be used to make a smart dustbin. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-015 Full Text: PDF
The Effect of Zeolite/Chitosan Hybrid Matrix for Thermal-stabilization Enhancement on the Immobilization of Aspergillus fumigatus α-Amylase
Authors: Yandri Yandri , Ropingi Hendri , Suhartati Tati , Hendri John , Irawan Bambang , Hadi Sutopo 
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the A. fumigatus α-amylase had been immobilized onto zeolite/chitosan hybrid to improve its thermal-stabilization for industrial needs. The methods applied enzyme production, isolation, partial purification, immobilization, and characterization. The optimum temperatures of the native and immobilized enzymes were 50 and 55˚C, respectively. The native enzyme has KM of 3.478 ± 0.271 mg mL-1 substrate and Vmax of 2.211± 0.096 µmole mL-1 min-1, while the immobilized enzyme has KM value of 12.051 ± 4.949 mg mL-1 substrate and Vmax of 1.602 ± 0.576 µmole mL-1 min-1. The residual activity of the immobilized enzyme retained up 10.97% after fifth reuse cycles. The native enzyme has ΔGi of 104.35 ± 1.09 kJ mole-1 and t½ of 38.75 ± 1.53 min, while the immobilized enzyme has ΔGi of 108.03 ± 0.05 kJ mole-1 and t½ of 180.03 ± 3.31 min. According to the increase in half-life (t½), stability improvement of the A. fumigatusα-amylase was 4.65 times greater than the native enzyme. Thus, the zeolite/chitosan hybrid is used as a new supporting matrix for further enzyme immobilization to stabilize the enzymes. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-06 Full Text: PDF
Intervención educativa para la prevención de complicaciones de accesos venosos periféricos
Authors: León Chumapi Carina Maribel 
Published: April 2022

Introducción: La atención de enfermería en áreas de hospitalización, implica la utilización de servicios racionales, lógicos y sistemáticos; por lo tanto, estos deben de estar enmarcados en normas correctas para la prevención de complicaciones de accesos venosos periféricos, los mismos que son de vital importancia en el cuidado de la salud de las personas. Objetivo: Determinar el impacto de la intervención educativa sobre prevención de complicaciones de accesos venosos periféricos en las enfermeras del hospital Básico Yantzaza. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, cuasi experimental de tipo antes–después, durante un periodo de seis meses, se implementó un plan de intervención educativa para la inserción y mantención de los catéteres venosos periféricos. Se efectuó un muestreo aleatorio simple. La muestra fue constituida por 46 enfermeras del Hospital Básico Yantzaza de acuerdo a la formula Sierra Bravo de 1988, el error (5%) que cometemos de estimación del tamaño de la muestra, partiendo de un nivel de confianza del 95%. Resultados: la intervención educativa para la prevención de complicaciones de accesos venosos periféricos tuvo un impacto significativo, mediante la aplicación de un pre test y post test, el personal de enfermería se encontró que la efectividad entre las mediciones efectuadas antes (Md = 1) y después (Md = 2) de implementar el programa de mejoramiento (z = -5,608b, p > 0.05 se encontró que fue efectiva.
Miedo y distrés peri-traumatico en el personal de salud relacionado con la atención de la pandemia covid-19
Authors: Solano Jiménez Maura Paola , Mesa Cano Isabel Cristina , Ramírez Coronel Andrés Alexis 
Published: April 2022

La pandemia por COVID-19, llevó a la población a someterse a cambios inesperados en sus actividades diarias, la cuarentena, el aislamiento, el distanciamiento social y el uso de medidas de bioseguridad, desencadenan afecciones psicológicas como miedo, estrés, angustia, etc. Objetivo: Determinar el miedo y el distrés peri-traumático en el personal de salud relacionado con la atención de la pandemia COVID-19.
Metodología: Se realizó una investigación no experimental, descriptiva, correlacional-comparativa, de corte transversal, prospectiva con enfoque cuantitativo, se aplicó el cuestionario (FCV19S) y (CDPI) a 104 profesionales de salud. Resultados: Según los datos obtenidos en el estudio, se determinó que el 91,3% tiene miedo al COVID-19 en nivel moderado y el 87,5% tiene distrés peri-traumático de la pandemia por COVID-19 en nivel bajo. Conclusión: Se debe brindar apoyo psicológico al personal de salud que labora frente a la pandemia para mitigar los efectos psicológicos ocasionadas por el mismo.
Respiratory distress syndrome. Systematic review
Authors: Bustos Toalongo Johanna Isabel , Mesa-Cano Isabel Cristina , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis , Cobos Alvarracín Marcia Yolanda 
Published: April 2022

Respiratory distress syndrome is a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality, however, patients who survive have sequelae due to lung damage which reduces their quality of life. Objective: to examine the empirical evidence on respiratory distress syndrome. Methodology: A systematic review of articles was carried out in databases such as Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Liliacas, using the key words "Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Risk Factors". We searched for articles written in Spanish, published in the last 10 years. Results: the most prevalent factors for developing respiratory distress syndrome are pulmonary clinical causes such as pneumonia, aspiration of gastric contents and thoracic trauma, mechanical ventilation and extrapulmonary causes such as shock, sepsis, severe trauma, blood transfusions, among others, and genetic factors. Conclusion: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening lung injury, most people with ARDS are already in the hospital due to trauma or disease.
The cold chain for the conservation of vaccines against covid-19: systemic review
Authors: Gualli Asitimbay Mayra Alexandra , Mesa-Cano Isabel Cristina , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis 
Published: April 2022

The cold chain is a set of standards and procedures that ensure the correct storage and distribution of vaccines to health services from the national to the local level. Objective: To examine the scientific evidence on the cold chain for the conservation of COVID-19 vaccines. Methodology: An organized exploration of original articles was carried out by searching scientific articles published in databases such as: PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, also documents from health organizations and authorities; using the following keywords (cold chain, vaccine conservation, knowledge, nursing personnel, Covid-19); with a maximum age of 5 years and without limitation of languages. Results: According to the information obtained, the recommendations for conservation in transport are expressed by the manufacturer refrigerated (2◦C to 8◦C) storage at the place of administration before diluting or piercing the vial. Storage after diluting or piercing the vial: should be at temperature of 2◦C to 25◦C: stable 6 hours. Conclusion: Considering the cold chain as a set of norms and procedures that ensure the correct storage and distribution of vaccines, these norms should be followed to keep them in good condition at the time of administration to the patient.
Principio de doble efecto en enfermería: revisión Sistemática
Authors: Pulla Ochoa Eliana Carolina , Mesa-Cano Isabel Cristina , Peña-Cordero Susana Janeth , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis 
Published: April 2022

La enfermería como profesión se basa en acciones y principios éticos que buscan satisfacer las necesidades humanas, de la familia y la comunidad; al tener siempre el enfoque de hacer el bien, el principio de doble efecto causa dilemas en las/os profesionales de la rama, ya que se justifican los daños colaterales para alcanzar el beneficio del paciente. Objetivo general: Examinar la literatura científica sobre la relevancia del principio bioético de doble efecto en el campo de la Enfermería. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura; para lo cual se siguió las recomendaciones de la declaración PRISMA, investigando en bases científicas como: LILACS, Pubmed, Taylor & Francis, Scielo; durante el periodo 2010- 2021, incluyendo información en español e inglés. Resultados: La aplicación de los principios bioéticos en Enfermería son muy importantes en su práctica diaria, requieren un conocimiento profundo para una correcta aplicación y justificación. Conclusión: El principio de doble efecto es un dilema enfermero, su aplicación conlleva conflictos éticos, morales y penales que causan contrariedades en los profesionales de la rama.
El estado nutricional en madres adolescentes influye en las medidas antropométricas del recién nacido: revisión sistemática
Authors: Lliguicota Guamán Tania Johana , Mesa-Cano Isabel Cristina , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis , Moyano-Brito Edison Gustavo 
Published: April 2022

El estado nutricional materno es fundamental para un apropiado desarrollo del feto y es un factor determinante en el estado nutricional del recién nacido. Objetivo: Revisar en la evidencia científica sobre el estado nutricional de madres adolescentes y medidas antropométricas del recién nacido. Metodología: Se realizó una exploración organizada de artículos originales mediante la búsqueda de artículos científicos publicados en bases de datos como: ScienceDirect, PubMed, Medline, Scielo, también de documentos que proceden de organizaciones y autoridades sanitarias; utilizando las siguientes palabras claves:(estado nutricional, madres, adolescentes, medidas antropométricas, recién nacido); con una antigüedad máxima de 5 años y sin limitación de idiomas. Resultados: En adolescentes de 15 a 19 años se ha observado que para el peso según edad gestacional del recién nacido se encontró 50.66% adecuado para EG, 21,15% grande para EG y 28,19% pequeño para EG. Las gestantes de 15 años o menos se encuentran en 90% con reservas inadecuadas de hierro también tuvieron recién nacidos con bajo peso al nacer. Conclusión: El estado nutricional de la gestante adolescente si influye en el peso del recién nacido, aunque existen otros factores como aspectos socioeconómicos y anemia en la gestante, pero son en menor porcentaje que el ya antes mencionado.