bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
कक्षामा बहुभाषिकता सम्बोधनका चुनौती {Challenges of addressing multilingualism in the classroom}
Authors: बम Bam सुरेन्द्र कुमार Surendra Kumar 
Published: June 2022

विश्वव्यापी रूपमामानव अधिकार, बाल अधिकार, अल्पसङ्ख्यक अधिकार, आदिबासी जनजाति अधिकारआदि विभिन्न अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय सन्धि सम्झौताहरूमा भाषिक विविधता सम्बोधन गर्नका लागि व्यवस्था गरिएको पाइन्छ । नेपालले ती विभिन्न अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय सन्धिसम्झौता तथा समझदारी पत्रमा हस्ताक्षर गर्नुका साथैसंविधान, ऐननियम, पाठ्यक्रम, शैक्षिक योजना तथा कार्यक्रममा बहुभाषिकता सम्बोधनका लागि स्पष्टव्यवस्था गरेको छ तर यस्तो व्यवस्था प्रभावकारी रूपमा कार्यान्वयन हुन नसकेको देखिन्छ । विगतको लामोएकभाषिक नीतिको प्रभाव र बहुभाषिक शिक्षाको व्यवहारिक अनुभवको अभावले बहुभाषिकता सम्बोधनमाविभिन्न चुनौतीहरू देखिएका छन् । नेपालको समग्र बहुभाषिकताको भाषिक सर्वेक्षण तथा विश्लेषण नहुनु,विभिन्न भाषाभाषीको बसोवास छरिएर रहनु, एउटै कक्षामा धेरै मातृभाषी विद्यार्थीको असमान वितरण हुनु, अभिभावकहरूमा मातृभाषाप्रति अनास्था र अंग्रेजी तथा नेपाली भाषाको मोह हुनु, पाठ्यक्रम एवं पाठ्यसामग्री निर्माण तथा शिक्षणका लागि दक्ष एबं तालिम प्राप्त जनशक्तिको अभाव, एउटै कक्षामा बहुभाषिक विद्यार्थीहुनु, स्तरीय पाठ्यसामग्रीको अभाव जस्ता समस्याले बहुभाषिकताको सम्बोधनमा चुनौती थपेका छन् । साथैअधिकांश भाषाको लेख्य रूप नहुनु, लेख्य रूप भएका भाषाको पनि मानक चयनमा समस्या हुनु, लिपिगत समस्या हुनु, आवश्यक पूर्वाधारको कमी तथा सरोकारवाला निकाय बीच समन्वयको अभाव पनि चुनौतीकारूपमा रहेका छन् ।
{Provisions have been made to address linguistic diversity in various international treaties, such as human rights, child rights, minority rights, and indigenous peoples' rights. Nepal has signed various international treaties and memoranda of understanding and has made clear provisions for addressing multilingualism in constitutions, by-laws, curricula, educational plans and programs, but such provisions have not been implemented effectively. The impact of the long monolingual policy of the past and the lack of practical experience in multilingual education has posed various challenges in addressing multilingualism. Lack of linguistic survey and analysis of the overall multilingualism of Nepal, scattering of different language speakers, unequal distribution of many mother tongue students in the same class, distrust of parents towards mother tongue and love of English and Nepali language, skilled and trained manpower for curriculum development and teaching Problems such as lack of multilingual students in the same class, lack of standard textbooks have added challenges in addressing multilingualism. In addition, most of the languages ​​do not have written form, even the written language has problems in standard selection, script problems, lack of necessary infrastructure and lack of coordination among the concerned bodies are also challenging.}
An Investigation of the Educational Use of Facebook According to Physics Teachers and Students
Authors: Gök Başak , Ünlü Pervin 
Published: June 2022

Today, social networks are used in every field of education, contributing to the dissemination of knowledge and improving the quality of education. This study investigated the perceptions of high school students, undergraduate students and physics teachers have on the adaptation of Facebook as a social network, the intended use of Facebook, and its educational use in a physics course. The participants included 327 high school students, 40 preservice physics teachers, and 28 physics teachers, all from Ankara, Turkey. The data revealed that there was a significant difference in the participants’ views on the adaptation of Facebook, the intended use of Facebook, and its educational use according to educational level, but not by gender. The teachers, compared to the high school students and the preservice teachers, scored significantly higher in the areas of adaptation of Facebook and its intended use. In the educational use of Facebook, the preservice teachers, compared to the high school students, and the teachers, compared to both high school students and preservice teachers, scored significantly higher. The variables of gender, educational level, intended use of Facebook, and its educational use were found to have a significant effect on the perceptions of the educational use of Facebook in physics education. In this study, while the use of Facebook in the field of education is not affected by gender in general, its use in physics education in specifically is affected by gender.
Keywords: Facebook; Facebook in education; physics education
Needs Assessment of Research Support as Initiative Process of Service Design for Academic Library Service
Authors: Punsiripat Isaya , Techataweewan Wawta , Seewungkum Dussadee 
Published: June 2022

Service design is a process to increasingly manage customer experiences for innovative solutions through the research and development cycle. The study aimed at conducting the needs assessment for research support services of academic libraries in Thailand for overall satisfaction and prioritization of four services such as reference service, training service, circulation service, and facilities. The sample included 405 graduate students and faculty staff from the top eight research universities. Data were collected via questionnaires and then analyzed through descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The needs assessment was analyzed with Modified Priority Needs Index (PNImodified). The research results reveal that the overall services’ satisfaction is at a moderate level while the four services of needs are prioritized from most to least as follows: reference services (PNImodified=0.23), training services (PNImodified=0.17), facilities (PNImodified=0.16), and circulation services (PNImodified=0.14), respectively. The most needed items are funding source guide (PNImodified=0.31) following with paper writing (PNImodified = 0.27), copyright and patent guide (PNImodified =0.27), and international interlibrary loan (PNImodified = 0.27). This survey will be further contributed to three stages of the IDEO service design model for research support of the academic library.
Keywords: Needs assessment, Research support, Services design, Academic library
Організація навчального процесу у ЗЗСО засобами цифрових технологій під час воєнного стану
Authors: Мар’єнко Майя , Сухіх Аліса 
Published: June 2022

Організація навчального процесу під час воєнного стану у ЗЗСО передбачена переважно як дистанційна форма навчання (або за можливістю змішана форма навчання). При цьому організація дистанційної форми навчання має свою специфіку, що пов’язана з уведенням воєнного стану в Україні. У дослідженні були розглянуті три режими дистанційного навчання: синхронний, асинхронний та біхронний. Подано опис кожного з режимів. Постулюється висновок, що класичний синхронний режим наразі є винятком. Розглянуто два сценарії використання синхронного режиму, які є комбінацією ще одного з режимів. Подано поради використовувати насамперед асинхронний та біхронний режими. При цьому біхронний режим передбачає використання всіх функцій асинхронного та попереднє планування окремих уроків у режимі реального часу з використанням відеоконференцій. Під час планування та організації навчального процесу ЗЗСО засобами цифрових технологій варто враховувати окремі категорії учнів (їх територіальне розміщення), проблеми технічного та ергономічного характеру. До проблем технічного та ергономічного характеру відносять: відсутність або обмежений доступ до індивідуальних технічних засобів навчання; обмежений доступ до інтернету; неможливість облаштування комфортного місця для навчання. Виділяють такі категорії учнів в умовах війни: учні, які залишились у місцях свого постійного проживання; учні, евакуйовані до різних областей України; учні, евакуйовані за межі України. Ці категорії учнів варто враховувати при плануванні навчального процесу.Наведено поради та вирішення окремих технічних проблем (неможливість облаштування комфортного місця для навчання). Подано опис онлайн-­платформи «Всеукраїнська школа онлайн» (ВШО), що можна використати для організації навчального процесу як окремих предметів, так і всіх предметів за розкладом ЗЗСО. Розглянуто соціально-­психологічний фактор як один з основних аспектів навчання. Представлено практичні поради для вчителів під час планування уроків та їх проведення. Подано рекомендації щодо тривалості уроків, обсягу домашніх завдань.
Урахування вікових особливостей суб’єктів пізнання в умовах безперервного провадження інсайт технології
Authors: Пушкарьова Тамара 
Published: June 2022

У поданій роботі розглянуто ефективність застосування інсайт технології залежно від рівнів виявлення креативності, творчості та інтуїції в різних вікових групах суб’єктів пізнання. Представлено тлумачення поняття «функціонал інсайт технології» як обумовленої множини опорних суб’єктних чинників (сукупності властивостей особистості), і надано формальний алгоритм створення функціоналу. Виявлено складові компоненти креативності, творчості та інтуїції й досліджено рівень їх впливовості на прояв інсайту в різних вікових групах. Запроваджено системний аналіз співвіднесення виявів креативних здібностей, творчого хисту й інтуїтивних нахилів у дітей і підлітків та наведено методичні рекомендації стосовно формування навчальних завдань за векторами розвитку позначених властивостей особистості.
Hidrolisis Selulosa Buah Bintaro dengan Katalis Asam Sulfat ditinjau dari Kinetika Reaksi
Authors: Rahmi Meyda , Ramadhanti Wahyu , Chempro Soemargono , Suprianti Lilik 
Published: June 2022

Buah bintaro merupakan buah drupa (berbiji) dengan serat lignoselulosa yang menyerupai buah kelapa. Adanya kandungan selulosa menjadikan buah bintaro berpotensi untuk diubah menjadi glukosa melalui proses hidrolisis dengan bantuan asam sulfat sebagai katalisator. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan kinetika reaksi proses hidrolisis selulosa dari buah bintaro menggunakan katalis asam sulfat. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menambahkan H2SO4 1 N 200 ml pada 20 gram buah bintaro yang telah dihaluskan di dalam labu leher tiga dan dipanaskan menggunakan kompor listrik pada suhu yang divariasi (60, 70, 80, 90, dan 100°C). Pada variasi waktu (10, 20, 30, 40 dan 50 menit) penelitian dihentikan, selanjutnya hasil disaring untuk memperoleh filtrat untuk dianalisis kadar glukosanya. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa reaksi mengikuti persamaan orde dua dan diperoleh nilai konstanta kecepatan reaksi sebesar: . Sedangkan konversi terbaik dari hidrolisis buah bintaro dengan katalis asam sulfat 1 N 200 mL diperoleh pada waktu 50 menit dan suhu 100oC sebesar 89,98%.
Penentuan Konstanta Laju Reaksi Pembuatan Biocide (Methyl Chloride dengan ZnCl2 sebagai Reagen Penentuan Dichloro Dimethyl Paraquat
Authors: Karisma Monita Nanda , Chusnul Meliana Wibi , Chempro Sukamto 
Published: June 2022

Biocide adalah bahan kimia yang berfungsi sebagai proteksi terhadap bakteri yang terdapat pada air atau makanan ketika bersentuhan dengan bakteri mikroorganisme tersebut, sehingga bakteri tersebut langsung mati. Peluang Indonesia untuk memproduksi biocide methyl chloride sangatlah besar karena di Indonesia sendiri biocide masih mengimpor dari negara lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan orde reaksi dan konstanta laju reaksi dari perolehan senyawa methyl chloride dengan menggunakan reactor batch. Bahan utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah hidrogen klorida dan methanol dengan menggunakan katalis zinc chloride. Sedangkan untuk alatnya menggunakan rangkaian alat Reactor Batch Labu leher tiga, Pemanas dan pengaduk magneti,Pendingin balik dan Thermometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu reaksi (t) maka konversi methyl chloride yang dihasilkan semakin tinggi. Konversi methyl chloride tertinggi didapat pada kondisi suhu 120 °C, dengan waktu reaksi 180 menit yakni dengan konversi sebesar 0.299569 atau 29,9569 %. Sehingga persamaan orde satu pada suhu 110oC dengan K adalah 0,000395 adalah -rA=kxCAxCB= 0,000395 x CA0,767x CB0,233. Kinetika reaksi perolehan methyl chlorida mengikuti orde satu. Dengan nilai konstanta reaksi (k) pada masing-masing suhu suhu 80; 90; 100; 110; 120 ℃ berturut-turut sebesar 0,000369; 0,000369; 0,00038; 0,000395; 0,000394. Serta didapat energi aktivasi (E) dan frekuensi tumbukan (k0) berturut-turut sebesar 2294,1865 J dan 7,9972 x10-4.
Kinetika Reaksi Pembentukan Asam Oksalat dari Kulit Buah Kapuk dengan Oksidator Hidrogen Peroksida
Authors: Pratiwi Indah Nur Aisya Ayu , Nadine Christine Aru , Wahyudi Bambang 
Published: June 2022

Kapuk (Ceiba pentandra) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman yang tumbuh dan banyak dibudidayakan di daerah tropis. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara penghasil kapuk terbesar di dunia. Salah satu kandungan dari kulit buah kapuk adalah selulosa. Selulosa dapat dihidrolisis menjadi glukosa kemudian dioksidasi dengan hidrogen peroksida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kecepatan reaksi serta energi aktivasi. Proses oksidator menggunakan oksidator hidrogen peroksida dilakukan dalam labu yang dilengkapi dengan pengaduk, serta dipanaskan di atas pemanas dengan menggunakan variabel suhu (30, 40, 50, 60 dan 70oC) dan waktu reaksi (30, 40, 50, 60 dan 70 menit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinetika reaksi oksidasi glukosa dari hidrolisis kulit buah kapuk menggunakan hidrogen peroksida merupakan reaksi orde dua, dengan konstanta kecepatan reaksi untuk masing-masing temperatur adalah 1/menit, dengan energi aktivasi -346,33444 kJ/mol dengan k = 0,0010 e-41,656/T.
Health Problems of Under-five Children in a Rural Area of Mymensingh District, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Tufael , Dipu Sultana Sobnam 
Published: June 2022

A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted to determine health problems of under-five children in a selected rural area of Mymensingh District in Bangladesh. This study was done on the background that the document about community prevalence of health problems of under-five children is scarce though it has public health importance. This was a community-based cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among 144 children belonging from birth to 5 years residing in Churkhai village of Bhavokhali union, Mymensingh Sadar Upazila in between November and December of 2019, as a part of Residential Field Site Training of 3rd year students of Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B). A purposive sampling technique was adopted. A pre-designed, pre-tested questionnaire has been used to collect required information by face-to-face interviewing mothers of under-five children. The data were entered and analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. Respondent mothers ranged from 16 years to 45 years, mean age 25.47±5.332 years. Majority of mothers were literate (75.69%), housewife (91.67%), belonged to middle class (69.44%). Out of total 144 children ranging from birth to 59 months, mean age 29.83±19.54 months, male: female ratio was 97.26:100. Majority of children (50.69%) were healthy. Nutritional status was assessed by history taking (history of birth weight) weight, height measurement and clinical examination. Prevalence of low birth weight was 15.28%. Prevalence of under-nutrition was 16.67% and over-nutrition was 1.39%. On clinical examination, prevalence of anemia was found 4.17%. The leading health problem was nutritional 22.22%, followed by respiratory illness 12.50%, diarrhoea 7.64%, skin disease 4.17%, dental caries 0.69%, conjunctivitis 0.69%, acute suppurative otitis media 0.69%, accidental injury 0.69%. Most of the family had safe water supply (98.61%), sanitary latrines (85.42%), semi-pucca house (50%) and suffer air pollution 69.44%. The nutritional profile was quite similar, but disease situation was better than the results of other studies in Bangladesh and in other developing countries.
CBMJ 2022 January: vol. 11 no. 01 P: 27-32
Parental Awareness about Use of Mask and Hand Hygiene Practice of Their Children during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Parvin Rukhsana , Akter Jesmin , Mahmud Shahabuddin , Islam Khan Mohammad Monirul , Mowla Md Golam , Mridha Md Al Amin 
Published: June 2022

A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January and August of 2021, to assess the awareness of parents regarding wearing mask and hand washing behavior of their children to prevent COVID-19 infection. A total of 378 parents whose children were admitted in the hospital (aged 2 years to 12 years) due to several diseases other than COVID-19, participated in this study. There was a face-to-face interview for each participant. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaire. The majority of the participants (66.4%) were male and their income was within BDT.10000-20000 per month. Among the fathers, majority belonged to the age group of >30 years. Regarding their educational background most of them (45.2%) completed education up to secondary level and most of them were service holders (33.9%). Among the mothers, the majority belonged to the age group of 20-30 years and mostly completed their education up to primary level (40.9%) and 75.6% of them were housewives. 83.3% of participants knew that COVID-19 is a contagious disease and 85.2% knew the mode of transmission. A total 72.8% of respondent believed that hand washing can prevent COVID-19, in which 40.5% follow the six steps of hand washing. Only 12% of their children wash hands for at least 20 seconds. 60.8% participants thought that face mask can prevent COVID-19, but only 45.2% participants used to wear face mask. Among them, 73% used to wear surgical face mask. About 33.6% answered that they always reused their face masks. About 59.3% participants noted that their children sometimes wear face mask and 57.1% of their children felt suffocation and discomfort while using face mask. Our study suggests that most of the parents have sufficient knowledge regarding COVID-19 including its mode of transmission and appropriate preventive measures. We also found a positive relationship of maternal education with a consolidated knowledge and awareness as well as practices of hand washing and mask wearing behavior among their children.
CBMJ 2022 January: vol. 11 no. 01 P: 33-40
Knowledge of Diet and Dietary Pattern in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Fakir Sameul , Begum Maksuda , Hossain Md Tufael 
Published: June 2022

A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital during August and September 2018 to identify knowledge, attitude and practice regarding diet among pregnant women attending antenatal checkup. This study was done as a part of Residential Field Site Training by 3rd year MBBS students under Community Medicine curriculum. Data were collected on a predesigned questionnaire by direct interviewing a total of 116 pregnant women. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20.0. Age distribution of respondents ranged from 18 years to 35 years; mean age 24.45±4.69 years. Most of the respondents 99(85.34%) belonged to age group 18 years to 29 years. Most of them were Muslim 99(85.34%), literate 93(80.17%), and housewives 96(82.76%), belonged to middle class family 65(56.03%). 46(39.66%) were found at risk, based on risk assessment. Knowledge regarding diet and nutrition was found in optimum level. Majority 55(47.41%) had excellent score, while 49(42.24%) had good score and 12(10.34%) were not up to the mark. Attitude of family members regarding care of pregnant woman was positive in most cases, 113(97.41%). Majority 55(47.41%) had excellent dietary practice, 23(19.83%) were good and 38(32.76%) were bad. Barriers of implementation of good dietary practice include lack of knowledge 12(10.34%), poverty 17(14.66%) and lack of cooperation from husband and in-laws 9(7.76%).
CBMJ 2022 January: vol. 11 no. 01 P: 46-51
Malnutrition in Elderly Population: Screening Tools and Management
Authors: Tanira Shaorin , Tanzil Merina , Alamgir Sadia Nusrat , Amin Raihana , Muqueet Md Abdul , Sazib SM Farhad 
Published: June 2022

Malnutrition is a common, potentially serious, and frequently under-diagnosed condition among elderly people. Age-related physiologic changes in combination with organic and psychological disease processes contribute to the development of malnutrition in older adults. Profound malnutrition and serious illnesses often present concurrently, and each can accelerate the progression of the other. Early detection and careful interventions are very important to prevent further deterioration. However, Prompt diagnosis relies on physicians‟ clinical suspicion and available screening tools. We consider that systematic screening and early treatment of malnutrition are integral parts of global geriatric care. Hence, this paper aims to review the prevalence and aetiology of malnutrition among ageing population with a special focus on some of the commonly used screening tools in clinical practice. Some of the non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions are also highlighted that are used to manage malnutrition in elderly patients.
CBMJ 2022 January: vol. 11 no. 01 P: 61-68
Genetic Basis of Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Urinary Tract
Authors: Nurunnabi Abu Sadat Mohammad , Hasan Mahmud Javed , Kaiser Amir Mohammad , Mohammad Arif , Chakma Shuchana 
Published: June 2022

Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) is a group of abnormalities affecting the kidneys or other structures of the urinary tract that include ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. CAKUT include renal agenesis or hypodysplasia, multicystic dysplastic kidney, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, duplication of the pelvis, ureter, and/or kidney, congenital megaureter, ureterovesical junction obstruction, vesicoureteral reflux and posterior urethral valves. Those results from abnormal development of the urinary system and is present from birth (congenital), although the abnormality may not become apparent until later in life. The clinical spectrum of CAKUT has significant impact on long-term patient survival. We observed that the causes of CAKUT are complex, usually combination of genetic and environmental factors contribute to the developmental abnormalities of kidney and urinary tract in foetus. The genetic factors involved in most cases of CAKUT are unknown; however, syndromic CAKUT is caused by changes in the genes associated with the particular syndrome. Variations in the same genes can also underlie some cases of isolated CAKUT. This review paper aims to discuss genetic basis of CAKUT, i.e., identifying different genes involved in syndromic and non-syndromic CAKUT. Modern genetic testing facilities can provide a precise diagnosis that can help individualize clinical care by screening for specific complications, facilitate medical decision making, and provide better genetic counseling.
CBMJ 2022 January: vol. 11 no. 01 P: 69-74
STUDI PERSIMPANGAN BUNDARAN SUCI KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Apriani Selpiana , Farida Ida , Walujodjati Eko 
Published: June 2022

Persimpangan Bundaran Suci Kabupaten Garut merupakan dua persimpangan yangberdekatan dengan kondisi yang berpotensi terjadi kemacetan dan kecelakaan. Hal ini disebabkanruas jalan mayor merupakan jalan menuju pusat perekonomian dan permukiman. Dari hasilanalisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa di Bundaran Suci Kabupaten Garut memiliki nilai DerajatKejenuhan (DS) = 0,72, Tundaan (DT) = 12,06 Â det/jam serta menghasilkan peluang antrian (QP)= 9% - 31%. Nilai derajat kejenuhan sesuai dengan nilai yang disarankan oleh MKJI 1997. Hal inidapat dilihat dari nilai derajat kejenuhan pada Bundaran Suci Kabupaten Garut yaitu DS = 0,75.Setelah dilakukan rekayasa dengan menggunakan manajemen lalulintas pada lokasi ini maka,derajat kejenuhannya menurun dan memenuhi kriteri. Dengan melakukan pelebaran setiappendekat bagian jalinan dan lebar jalinan pada bagian jalinan Bundaran Suci KabupatenGarut,maka di peroleh nilai Derajat Kejenuhan Bundaran sebesar 0,72, sehingga sudah sesuaidengan persyaratan MKJI yaitu DS â‰¤ 0,75.