bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations in Gut Microbiota Profiles of Mice Infected with Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato Microbiota Profiles of Mice Infected with E. granulosus s.l.
Authors: Zhu Mingxing , Wang Chan , Yang Songhao , Du Xiancai , Zhu Yazhou , Zhang Tingrui , Lv Yongxue , Zhao Wei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
Cystic echinococcosis is a kind of parasitic disease that seriously endangers human and animal health. At present, its prevention and treatment still do not achieve the desired results. The aims of this study were to explore the effect of CE on intestinal microflora in mice.

Methods
In this study, 16S rRNA metagenome sequencing and bioinformatics were used to analyze the intestinal flora of mice infected with E. granulosus s.l. Changes in intestinal microbial community abundance were investigated and the differences in microbial populations of mice infected with E. granulosus s.l. were screened.

Results
Our results show that at the phylum level, nine abundant taxa were identified, the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were enriched in infected mice, whereas Bacteroidetes and Patescibacteria were enriched in control mice (P < 0.01). At the class level, 13 abundant taxa were identified, the relative abundance of Bacilli was enriched in control mice, but decreased in infected mice (P < 0.01). At the order level, 15 abundant taxa were identified, the relative abundance of Lactobacillales was enriched in control mice, but decreased in infected mice (P < 0.01). At the family level, 28 abundant taxa were identified, enriched bacteria in the infected mice was Streptococcaceae, while the enriched bacteria in the control group was Lactobacillaceae (P < 0.01). At the genus level, 79 abundant taxa were identified, enriched bacteria in the infected mice was Streptococcus, while the enriched bacteria in the control group was uncultured_bacterium_f_Eggerthellaceae (P < 0.01). At the species level, 80 abundant taxa were identified, enriched bacteria in the infected mice was uncultured_bacterium_g_Streptococcus, while the enriched bacteria in the control group was uncultured_bacterium_f_Eggerthellaceae (P < 0.01). 39 KEGG pathways were identified that were differentially enriched between the infected and control mice.

Conclusion
This study comprehensively demonstrates the differential intestinal microbiota of infected mice and analyzes the metabolic pathways related to the specific microbiota. This could provide new targets and research direction for the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by E. granulosus s.l.
Towards a Personalized Definition of Prognosis in Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Mora Barbara , Passamonti Francesco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewPhiladelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), prefibrotic (pre-), and overt-primary myelofibrosis (primary MF, PMF). PV and ET could evolve into secondary MF (SMF), whose early diagnosis relies on monitoring signs of possible progression. All MPNs have a risk of blast phase (BP), that is associated with a very dismal outcome. Overall survival (OS) is different among MPNs, and disease-specific prognostic scores should be applied for a correct clinical management. In this review, an overview of current prognostic scores in MPNs will be provided.Recent FindingsThe biological complexity of MPNs and its role on the trajectory of disease outcome have led to the design of integrated prognostic models that are nowadays of common use in PMF patients. As for PV and ET, splicing gene mutations could have a detrimental role, but with the limit of the not routinary recommended application of extensive molecular analysis in these diseases. SMF is recognized as a distinct entity compared to PMF, and OS estimates should be calculated by the MYSEC-PM (Myelofibrosis SECondary-prognostic model). Both in PMF and SMF, decisions as selection of patients potentially candidates to allogenic stem cell transplant or that could benefit from an early shift from standard treatment are based not only on conventional prognostic scores, but also on multivariable algorithms.SummaryThe expanding landscape of risk prediction for OS, evolution to BP, and SMF progression from PV/ET informs personalized approach to the management of patients affected by MPNs.
Producing Planning Knowledge: How Professional PhD Candidates Bridge Research–Practice Divides
Authors: Bénit-Gbaffou Claire , Williams Glyn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses an important, but under-studied, pathway for knowledge production in the field of urban planning: the practitioner engaging with academia through the writing of a PhD. Drawing on our own experiences of doctoral mentoring, in dialogue with PhD candidates, we reflect on the questions and challenges this form of knowledge production raises. The paper aims to extend planning theory’s recognition of ‘multiple epistemologies’ (Sandercock, 2003) through a deeper understanding of how planning professionals as authors lead the translation of experiential knowledge into academic knowledge. Understanding why this is so difficult to actually (co)produce should lead us not only to better mentoring, but also to critical reflection on how rigorous and relevant knowledge is defined within planning academia.
Fathers’ parenting stress, parenting styles and children’s problem behavior: the mediating role of parental burnout
Authors: Ping Yifan , Wang Wei , Li Yimin , Li Yongxin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Parental duties can be overwhelming, particularly when parents lack sufficient resources to cope with parenting demands, leading to parental burnout. Research has shown that parental burnout is positively related to neglect and abuse behaviors towards their children; however, few studies have examined parental burnout within the family system, including examining parenting styles as an antecedent, and most research has ignored the potential influence of fathers’ parental burnout. This study aimed to explore the influence of fathers’ parenting stress and parenting styles on internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors in a sample of junior high school students and the mediating effect of parental burnout. Questionnaire data from 236 students (56.4% girls) and their fathers (age: M = 39.24, SD = 5.13) were collected on 3 different time points. Fathers were asked to report their parenting stress and parenting styles at Time 1, and parental burnout at Time 2, and students were asked to report their internalizing and externalizing behaviors at Time 3. The results indicated that: (1) fathers’ parenting stress and negative parenting styles were positively related to parental burnout, and fathers’ positive parenting styles were negatively related to parental burnout; (2) fathers’ parental burnout was positively related to children’s internalizing and externalizing problem behavior; and (3) fathers’ parental burnout could mediate the relationship between parenting stress, negative parenting styles, and internalizing and externalizing problem behavior. These results suggested that fathers’ roles in the parenting process were not negligible, and more attention should be given to prevention and intervention methods for fathers’ parental burnout.
Emotion and Mood Blending in Embodied Artificial Agents: Expressing Affective States in the Mini Social Robot
Authors: Fernández-Rodicio Enrique , Maroto-Gómez Marcos , Castro-González Álvaro , Malfaz María , Salichs Miguel Á. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRobots that are devised for assisting and interacting with humans are becoming fundamental in many applications, including in healthcare, education, and entertainment. For these robots, the capacity to exhibit affective states plays a crucial role in creating emotional bonding with the user. In this work, we present an affective architecture that grounds biological foundations to shape the affective state of the Mini social robot in terms of mood and emotion blending. The affective state depends upon the perception of stimuli in the environment, which influence how the robot behaves and affectively communicates with other peers. According to research in neuroscience, mood typically rules our affective state in the long run, while emotions do it in the short term, although both processes can overlap. Consequently, the model that is presented in this manuscript deals with emotion and mood blending towards expressing the robot’s internal state to the users. Thus, the primary novelty of our affective model is the expression of: (i) mood, (ii) punctual emotional reactions to stimuli, and (iii) the decay that mood and emotion undergo with time. The system evaluation explored whether users can correctly perceive the mood and emotions that the robot is expressing. In an online survey, users evaluated the robot’s expressions showing different moods and emotions. The results reveal that users could correctly perceive the robot’s mood and emotion. However, emotions were more easily recognized, probably because they are more intense affective states and mainly arise as a stimuli reaction. To conclude the manuscript, a case study shows how our model modulates Mini’s expressiveness depending on its affective state during a human-robot interaction scenario.
How is atrial fibrillation detected in everyday healthcare? Results of a Dutch cohort study
Authors: Verbiest-van Gurp N. , Uittenbogaart S. B. , van de Moosdijk S. C. M. , van Sprang U. F. , Knottnerus J. A. , Stoffers H. E. J. H. , Lucassen W. A. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia with serious potential consequences when left untreated. For timely treatment, early detection is imperative. We explored how new AF is detected in patients aged ≥ 65 years in Dutch healthcare.

Methods
The study cohort consisted of 9526 patients from 49 Dutch general practices in the usual-care arm of the Detecting and Diagnosing Atrial Fibrillation study. We automatically extracted data from the electronic medical records and reviewed individual records of patients who developed AF. Patient selection started in 2015, and data collection ended in 2019.

Results
We included 258 patients with newly diagnosed AF. In 55.0% of the patients, the irregular heartbeat was first observed in general practice and in 16.3% in the cardiology department. Cardiologists diagnosed most cases (47.3%), followed by general practitioners (GPs; 33.7%). AF detection was triggered by symptoms in 64.7% of the patients and by previous stroke in 3.5%. Overall, patients aged 65–74 years more often presented with symptoms than those aged ≥ 75 years (73.5% vs 60.6%; p = 0.042). In 31.5% of the patients, AF was diagnosed incidentally (‘silent AF’). Silent-AF patients were on average 2 years older than symptomatic-AF patients. GPs less often diagnosed silent AF than symptomatic AF (21.0% vs 39.0%; p = 0.008), whereas physicians other than GPs or cardiologists more often diagnosed symptomatic AF than silent AF (34.6% vs 11.9%; p < 0.001). Most diagnoses were based on a 12-lead electrocardiogram (93.8%).

Conclusion
Diagnosing AF is a multidisciplinary process. The irregular heartbeat was most often detected by the GP, but cardiologists diagnosed most cases. One-third of all newly diagnosed AF was silent.
Effect of Vanadium on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2100 MPa Ultra-High Strength High Plasticity Spring Steel Processed by a Novel Online Rapid-Induction Heat Treatment
Authors: Dai Qi-Lei , Li Kun , Meng Kai-Ren , Fang Zhou , Chen Wen , Yang Tian-Bao , Feng Chi , Wu Jin-Ming , Misra R. D. K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAdvanced automotive industries generate large demand for the next generation of high strength and high toughness spring steels. Vanadium-containing 55SiCrV spring steels subjected to rapid-induction heating treatment can fulfil such requirements. However, the effect of vanadium microalloying under online rapid-induction heat treatments is rarely reported. A comparative study of the microstructure and tensile properties of 55SiCr and 55SiCrV spring steel wires subjected to a novel online rapid induction heat treatment has been demonstrated herein. It is found that the tensile strength of the 55SiCr spring wire decreases with the decrease in the wire speed in online rapid-induction heating, and the plasticity increases. Whereas, the tensile strength of the 55SiCrV steel wire increases with the decrease in the wire speed with the retained high plasticity, which is attributed to the strengthening effect of the dislocations. Through the optimized rapid-induction heating/cooling thermal cycles and intermediate-temperature tempering treatment, the tensile strength of the 55SiCrV steel wire approaches 2106 MPa with total elongation of 9.7%. Compared with the 55SiCr spring steel, the addition of V in 55SiCrV spring steel changes the strengthening and toughening mechanisms via the grain refinement and enhancement in the hardenability and tempering resistance. The finely dispersed V-containing secondary phases are rarely found in the matrix, which indicates that the precipitation effect stemming from the addition of V is not the dominant strengthening factor in the online rapid-induction heat process. The proposed novel online rapid-induction heat treatment provides a promising pathway for the mechanical property improvement of the spring steel.
Graphical Abstract
Effect of exfoliated MoS2 on the Microstructure, Hardness, and Tribological Properties of Copper Matrix Nanocomposite Fabricated via the Hot Pressing Method
Authors: Yehia Hossam M. , Ali Ahmed I. , Abd-Elhameed Ehab 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, copper matrix composites were prepared using the cold and hot pressing technique and then investigated to select the suitable one for the self-lubricating applications. A hybrid of alumina and molybdenum disulfide with a 1:1 ratio by the mechanical milling for 40 h was proceeded to peel the molybdenum disulfide and cover the alumina particles with their layers. Three different samples like Cu, Cu/10 Al2O3, and Cu/hybrid 20(Al2O3–MoS2) were mixed for 15 h. The ball-to-powder ratio in the two mentioned steps was 10:1. The X-ray analysis, HRTEM, Raman spectra, and scanning electron miscopy were used to study the crystal structure, chemical composition, and morphology of the new hybrid and prepared samples. The density was evaluated by the Archimedes method. Mechanical properties, including hardness, wear rate, and coefficient of friction, were investigated. The mixing for 15 h improves the exfoliation of MoS2 flakes inside the copper matrix. A clear hardness improvement was achieved by adding alumina and the mixture of (Al2O3–MoS2). The copper sample reinforced with the hybrid of alumina/MoS2 gave the lowest mechanical wear rate and the lowest average friction coefficient of 0.17.
Five-year clinical outcomes of a 2.25 mm sirolimus-eluting stent in Japanese patients with very small coronary artery disease: final results of the CENTURY JSV study
Authors: Shishido Koki , Ando Kenji , Ito Yoshiaki , Takamisawa Itaru , Yajima Junji , Kimura Takeshi , Kadota Kazushige , Saito Shigeru 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of the 2.25 mm bioresorbable-polymer sirolimus-eluting Ultimaster stent in a Japanese patient population. Treatment of coronary artery disease in very small vessels is associated with an increased risk for cardiac events. The CENTURY JSV study is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm study. Seventy patients with stable and unstable coronary artery disease with a coronary lesion eligible for implantation with a 2.25 mm stent were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent clinical follow-up through 5-year after the PCI procedure. The mean age was 70.4 ± 9.2 years. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 37.1%, all not insulin dependent. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events, defined as cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (MI), and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) at 5 years was 5.7%. A non-Q wave MI was noted in 1.4% and 4.3% underwent a CD-TLR. There was no stent thrombosis during the entire follow-up period. No cardiac events were reported between 2 and 5 years. This is the first study to demonstrate safety and effectiveness for 5 years after treatment of very small coronary disease with 2.25 mm-diameter DES.Clinical trial registration: UMIN000012928
A Mixed Model for Assessing the Effect of Numerous Plant Species Interactions on Grassland Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function Relationships
Authors: McDonnell Jack , McKenna Thomas , Yurkonis Kathryn A. , Hennessy Deirdre , de Andrade Moral Rafael , Brophy Caroline 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn grassland ecosystems, it is well known that increasing plant species diversity can improve ecosystem functions (i.e., ecosystem responses), for example, by increasing productivity and reducing weed invasion. Diversity-Interactions models use species proportions and their interactions as predictors in a regression framework to assess biodiversity and ecosystem function relationships. However, it can be difficult to model numerous interactions if there are many species, and interactions may be temporally variable or dependent on spatial planting patterns. We developed a new Diversity-Interactions mixed model for jointly assessing many species interactions and within-plot species planting pattern over multiple years. We model pairwise interactions using a small number of fixed parameters that incorporate spatial effects and supplement this by including all pairwise interaction variables as random effects, each constrained to have the same variance within each year. The random effects are indexed by pairs of species within plots rather than a plot-level factor as is typical in mixed models, and capture remaining variation due to pairwise species interactions parsimoniously. We apply our novel methodology to three years of weed invasion data from a 16-species grassland experiment that manipulated plant species diversity and spatial planting pattern and test its statistical properties in a simulation study.Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
Long non-coding RNA DUXAP10 exerts oncogenic properties in osteosarcoma by recruiting HuR to enhance SOX18 mRNA stability
Authors: Wang Guantong , Zhang Qian , Wang Qinjue , Wang Jing , Chen Lulu , Sun Qiang , Miao Dengshun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma (OS). However, more lncRNAs and their mechanisms in regulating growth and migration of OS cells remain to be investigated. In this study, we identified an lncRNA called DUXAP10 by analysis of GEO data, which was significantly up-regulated in OS tissues and cell lines. Experiments in vitro revealed that lncRNA DUXAP10 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells and inhibited their apoptosis. We also demonstrated that DUXAP10 promoted the formation and growth of OS by tumor formation assay. Furthermore, SOX18 was identified as a critical downstream target of DUXAP10 by transcriptome RNA-seq. Mechanistically, DUXAP10 mainly localized in cytoplasm and could specifically bind to HuR to increase the stability of SOX18 mRNA. Meanwhile, SOX18 knockdown largely reversed increased proliferation of OS cells induced by DUXAP10 overexpression. Findings from this study indicate that lncRNA DUXAP10 can act as an oncogene in osteosarcoma by binding HuR to up-regulate the expression of SOX18 at a post-transcriptional level, which may provide a new target for OS clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Rice residue management in the Indo-Gangetic Plains for climate and food security. A review
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Malik Dharm Pal , Malhi Gurdeep Singh , Sardana Virender , Bolan Nanthi S. , Lal Rattan , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper reviews and analyzes the impact of residue burning on the environment and human health, and the influence of ex-situ and in-situ residue management on reducing pollution and improving soil health, crop yield, and farmers’ economic benefits. Paddy is cultivated on 43.8 Mha in India, producing 118.43 Mt grain and an estimated 165.8 Mt straw. Burning is the most common practice for managing rice crop residues mainly due to its simplicity, low cost, increased mechanical harvesting, short window between rice harvest and wheat sowing, and lack of viable uses for residues. Around 50 Mt of rice straw is burned annually, nearly half of which occurs in northwestern India during October/November. Burning residue is a major contributor to air pollution, emitting around 1.5 Mt particulate matter, 150 Mt carbon dioxide, and other greenhouse gases (e.g., NO2, SO2, CO, CH4, NH3) and volatile organic compounds, resulting in a wide range of respiratory infections in humans, reduced soil nutrient and carbon inputs, and disturbed soil microbial activity. In-situ residue management using a Happy Seeder, Super straw management system, paddy straw chopper cum spreader, reversible moldboard plow, or no-till seeder incorporates or mulches residues, avoiding burnings. These operations are economically profitable as they reduce costs, increase yields, or both. In-situ residue management, i.e., incorporation or mulching improves the soil’s physical, chemical and biological properties and is considered better for improving soil health than residue removal. Ex-situ residue management for biofuel, biochar, electricity generation or bale making is also profitable for the environment and reduces pollutant emissions.
Detection of diphtheria toxin production by toxigenic corynebacteria using an optimized Elek test
Authors: Melnikov Vyacheslav G. , Berger Anja , Sing Andreas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Diphtheria, still present in many countries of the world, is caused by toxigenic strains of species of the Corynebacterium diphtheriae complex, mainly Corynebacterium diphtheriae and the emerging zoonotic pathogen C. ulcerans. The immunoprecipitation test according to Elek is the gold standard for detection of the major virulence factor diphtheria toxin (DT) in toxigenic corynebacteria. Due to its sophisticated methodological requirements, the classical Elek test is performed mainly by specialized reference laboratories. It was revealed that the current modification of the Elek test does not detect the toxin in weakly toxigenic isolates. Therefore, a more robust method for detecting free DT is urgently needed, especially for toxigenic C. ulcerans strains which are known to produce often much lower amounts of DT than C. diphtheriae.

Methods
Thirty-one tox-positive C. ulcerans isolates with a negative standard Elek test result previously determined as NTTB (non-toxigenic tox bearing) were re-analyzed in this study using a modified immunoprecipitation method optimized regarding different parameters including type and concentration of antitoxin, medium volume, inoculum distance from the antitoxin disk and position of controls.

Results
All 31 C. ulcerans strains tested positive in the optimized Elek test.

Conclusion
Only with a reliable and easy-to-handle method for detecting the toxigenicity of C. ulcerans, it is possible to assess the etiological role of this emerging zoonotic bacterium in human pathology.