bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental health of patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia – a controlled study
Authors: Larsson Amila , Regnstrand Tobias , Skott Pia , Mäkitie Outimaija , Björnsdottir Sigridur , Legert Karin Garming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: The present study compared the dental health of patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) with healthy age- and gender-matched controls to increase our knowledge of the impact of XLH on oral health. Materials and methods: Twenty-two adult patients with XLH in the Stockholm region of Sweden were referred to the Department of Orofacial Medicine at Karolinska Institutet for an extended clinical and radiological examination. Pre-existing radiologic examinations of 44 healthy age- and gender-matched controls were retrieved from the Department of Oral Radiology, at Karolinska Institutet. Results: The 22 patients with XLH (15 females, median age 38 years, range 20–71; 7 males, median age 49 years, range 24–67) had a significantly higher number of root-filled teeth compared to healthy controls (p = .001). In the XLH group, females had significantly better oral health than males, especially concerning endodontic and cariological status (p’s = .01 and .02, respectively). Periodontal status differed non-significantly between the XLH and control groups. Conclusion: Patients with XLH had a significantly lower oral health status compared to a healthy population especially concerning endodontic conditions. Male patients with XLH had a higher risk of poor oral health compared to female patients with XLH.
The Comprehensive Detection of miRNA and circRNA in the Regulation of Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Laiwu pig
Authors: Feng Hui , Yousuf Salsabeel , Liu Tianyi , Zhang Xiuxiu , Huang Wanlong , Li Ai , Xie Lingli , Miao Xiangyang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
circRNAs, as miRNA sponges, participate in many important biological processes. However, it remains unclear whether circRNAs can regulate lipid metabolism. he purpose of this study is to explore the ceRNA regulatory network that affects the difference between intramuscular fat (IMF) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) deposition, and to screen key circRNAs and their regulatory genes. In this experiment, we identified 265 differentially expressed circRNAs, of which 187 up-regulated circRNA and 78 down-regulated circRNA in IMF. Subsequently, we annotated the function of DEcircRNA's host genes, and found that DEcircRNA's host genes were mainly enriched in GO terms(Including cellular response to fatty acids, lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity, R-SMAD binding, etc) and signaling pathways(Fatty acid biosynthesis, Citrate cycle, TGF- β Signal pathway) related to adipogenesis, differentiation and lipid metabolism. By constructing a circRNA-miRNA network, we screened out DEcircRNA that can competitively bind to more miRNAs as key circRNAs (circRNA_06424 and circRNA_08840), and built a ceRNA network with key circRNA as the center. Through the functional annotation of target genes and protein network analysis, circrna_ 06424 affects the expression of PPARD, MMP9, uba7 and other target genes by competitively binding to miRNAs such as ssc-mir-339-5p, ssc-mir-744 and ssc-mir-328, and participates in PPAR signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, unsaturated fatty acid and other signaling pathways, resulting in the difference of fat deposition between IMF and SCF. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for further studying the differences of lipid metabolism in different adipose tissues, and provide potential therapeutic targets for ectopic fat deposition and lipid metabolism diseases.
Analytical Fractured reservoir characterization by using geological and petrophysical log
Authors: Movahed Zohreh , Aghajari Farzaneh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Due to structural complexities in some wells, higher than the expected thickness of Asmari formation is found. Fracture intensity and deep-rooted fractures broadly increase the risk of unpredictable water production. The well test analysis is not sufficient in describing fracture properties. Unfortunately, the core condition is poor in the fractured zones and cannot be used to provide reliable information. So, the objectives of this study are developing an accurate structural model for Asmari reservoir,fracture characterization in the borehole by interpreting image logs ,and comparing the log's image results with core data.Materials and Methods: Dip classification based on a geological log has the value of providing a direct demonstration of structural origin and detect Asmari fault and fracture systems and its impact on production and answer structural issue. So, in this study, the borehole imaging tools were interpreted to find solutions for fracture systems and fracture attributes.Result: Interpreting accurate structural dip determined structural problem, thus bringing the precise location of the well within the Asmari reservoir. Fracture properties (open or closed), occurrence, orientation, spacing, and porosity were interpreted using Image log . The high density of fractures seen on FMS image logs in the study well has been confirmed by inspection of the cores and the distinction between major and minor fracture types from the FMS image logs has been established following core review.Conclusion.As a result, this exercise has been confirmed to be very valuable, not only for indicating the value of the log data, but it has also emphasised some significant limitations of the core data. The amount of information extracted from the FMS image logs goes beyond that achieved from the core. This exercise has validated why image logs are the main source of fracture information in the oil fields of Iran.
Slope stability analysis considering the strength anisotropy of c-φ soil
Authors: He Yi , Li Zhi , Wang Wenfa , Yuan Ran , Zhao Xiaoyan , Nikitas Nikolaos 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In traditional slope stability analyses, soil is usually approximated as isotropic. However, naturally cohesive soil deposits are inherently anisotropic, primarily due to the directional arrangement of soil particles during their deposition process. In this paper, a generalized anisotropic constitutive model for c-φ soil is introduced to evaluate the influence of varying shear strength on slope stability. In this model, the initial strength anisotropy is defined by the variety of friction angles to the direction of principle stress. This model is utilized by two approaches to estimate the slope stability. Firstly, the upper bound limit analysis solution for slope stability is developed, and the factor of safety of the slopes are studied. Secondly, this model is coupled with the finite element method to get insight of the influence of anisotropy on slope stability. One typic case of slope is studied by numerical analyses. It is found that the slope stability is largely overestimated when the strength anisotropy is ignored, and the overestimation, in terms of safety factors, can reach up to 32.9%. The complex interrelations between degree of anisotropy and evolution of the ensuing safety factor is revealed by a series of parametric study in terms of different degrees of anisotropy.
Light-driven progesterone production by InP-(M. neoaurum) biohybrid system
Authors: Liu Kun , Wang Feng-Qing , Liu Ke , Zhao Yunqiu , Gao Bei , Tao Xinyi , Wei Dongzhi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Progesterone is one of the classical hormone drugs used in medicine for maintaining pregnancy. However, its manufacturing process, coupled with organic reagents and poisonous catalysts, results in irreversible environmental pollution. Recent advances in synthetic biology have demonstrated the microbial biosynthesis of natural products, especially difficult-to-synthesize compounds, synthetic from building blocks is a promising strategy. Herein, overcoming the heterologous cytochrome P450 enzyme interdependency in Mycolicibacterium neoaurum successfully constructed the CYP11A1 running module to realize the metabolic conversion from waste phytosterols to progesterone. Subsequently, progesterone yield was improved through strategies involving electron transfer and NADPH regeneration. The CYP11A1 and ADR were connected by a flexible linker as a chimera to enhance electron transfer. Strain MNR-08 showed positive activity, with 45 mg/L progesterone, leading to a 3.95-fold improvement over strain MNR-04. Significantly, a novel inorganic-biological hybrid system was assembled by combining MNR-08 and InP nanoparticles to regenerate NADPH, which was increased 84-fold from the initial progesterone titers to 235 ± 50 mg/L. Altogether, this work highlights the green and sustainable potential for synthetic progesterone from sterols in M. neoaurum.
Demographic transition hinders climate change mitigation in the aging and shrinking Japanese residential sector
Authors: Long Yin , Yoshida Yoshikuni , Chen Peipei , Wu Yi , Gasparatos Alexandros 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The residential sector is one of the major sources of greenhouse gases, and as such it is key for achieving decarbonization targets. However, very diverse household characteristics affect energy use and emissions at the household level. Furthermore, demographic transitions characterized by ageing and shrinking in both total and household size can have enduring effects for some of these household characteristics at the societal level. Here, we explore how demographic transitions in Japan may affect the long-term emissions in the residential sector based on the scenarios to the year 2040. First, we draw from a large-scale survey conducted by the Japanese government (9,996 households) to develop a nuanced typology of households using an integrated clustering approach. This helps us identify high variability in emissions and adoption of emission mitigation technologies between households with different characteristics. We found that household size and age both play important role in terms of emissions. Finally, through different scenarios we identify that indeed the projected demographic transitions with the increasing prevalence of smaller and more elderly households in Japan will likely hinder emission mitigation in the residential sector, imposing significant constraints for achieving decarbonization in the long-term.
Fecal microbiome does not represent whole gut microbiome
Authors: Chung Hea-Jong , Lkhagva Enkhchimeg , Jung Sunjun , Kim Hyeon-Jin , Hong Seong-Tshool 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The current gut microbiome research relies on the fecal microbiome under the assumption that the fecal microbiome represents the microbiome of the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, there have been growing concerns about using feces as a proxy to study the gut microbiome. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the composition of microbiome and metabolites in the feces and at 14 different locations of GI tracts of genetically homogenous sibling pigs to evaluate the validity of using feces as a proxy to the whole gut microbiome. The fluctuation in the composition of the microbiome in stomach and the small intestine became stabilized from the large intestine to feces and were able to be categorized into 3 groups. The highly independent intestinal microbes in stomach and the small intestine became flourished in the large intestine and converged into a community with tightly connected networks. Comparative analysis of the gut microbiome at each location suggested that fecal microbiome is insufficient to represent the whole gut microbiome.
Alternaria gansuense, a plant systematic fungal pathogen producing Swainsonine in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Shi Min , Li Yanzhong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Astragalus adsurgens grows wildly in Eurasia and North America. The plant is considered a locoweed in the United States of America (USA) and Australia, and as forage in China. However, Alternaria gansuense (synonym: Embellisia astragali) systematically infects A. adsurgens, producing swainsonine(SW), which poisons domesticated animals with severe effects on the body weights, abdominal organs and blood enzymes of rats. We speculated that the A. gansuense SW-producing fungus could be morphologically and molecularly related to the locoweed endophyte, Alternaria oxytropis, which systematically grows in host plants. Therefore, pure cultures of the fungi from diseased plants or endophytic interaction collected from fields were assayed for SW using high-performance liquid chromatography linked to mass spectroscopy(HPLC-MS). The presence of SW was also detected in the A. adsurgens, A. oxytropis and diseased plants using β-ketoacyl synthase(KS) gene required for the SW synthesis. The contents of SW in mycelia of A. gansuense were 561.61 µg/g and ranged between 73.93 and 89.11 µg/g in diseased A. adsurgens plants. The contents of SW were 703.99 µg/g in mycelia of A. oxytropis isolated from locoweed plants O. ochrocephala and between 74.36 and 101.13 µg/g in O. ochrocephala with endophytes. However, the concentrations of SW found in healthy A. adsurgens plants were low and ranged from 7.75–18.62 µg/g, with a slight increase (15.55–32.37 µg/g) in those found in O. ochrocephala without endophytes. This study proves that A. adsurgens infected with A. gansuense are not safe for livestock and points to the need for caution when using the plants as feed.
Mapping prion pathology in mice using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Demetriou Eleni , Tachrount Mohamed , Ellis Matthew , Linehan Jackeline , Brandner Sebastian , Collinge John , Mead Simon , Shmueli Karin , Farrow Mark , Golay Xavier 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders which cause cognitive impairment and neurological deficits. Additional measures of tissue status are necessary for improving the sensitivity and specificity of clinical diagnosis as in many cases clinical forms of prion disease are commonly mistaken for other forms of dementia. To that effect, we developed a set of quantitative magnetic resonance-based tools, including magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) and quantitative T1 and T2 imaging to study the course of the disease in an animal model of prion disease. Using in vivo MTR, significant changes were detected in the cortex and thalamus of late-stage prion-infected mice as compared to littermates. In addition, we found a significant increase of MTR in thalamus and cortex of 80 dpi healthy mice when compared with 160 dpi healthy mice, suggestive of changes occurring during brain ageing. Using quantitative T2 mapping, significantly higher values were measured in thalamus of prion mice at all stages of the disease (T2 = 40ms) while T1 was found to be significantly higher in cortex (T1 = 1.89s) and hippocampus, albeit only in late-stage prion mice as compared to aged-matched controls (T1 = 1.67s). Using quantitative MRS significant changes were detected in glutamate (Glu) and myo-inositol (Ins) at all stages of prion disease when compared with the control group. NAA, Cr, Lactate and Lipids were only found to be significantly different at early and late stages of the disease while Taurine (Tau) was only significantly increased in the asymptomatic stage without any significant change at early and late stages of the disease. These changes in MRI and MRS signals, which precede clinical signs of disease, could provide insights into the pathogenesis of this disease and may enable early detection of pathology.
Effectiveness of Time-limited Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing Therapy for Parents of Children with a Rare Life-Limiting Illness: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Conijn Thirsa , de Roos Carlijn , Vreugdenhil Hestien , Dijk-Lokkart Alice van , Wijburg Frits A , Haverman Lotte 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Parents of children with a rare progressive life-limiting illness are at risk for parental posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Studies on the treatment of parental PTSD with eye movement and desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in pediatric practice are lacking. Therefore this study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of time-limited EMDR therapy in reducing PTSD symptoms, comorbid psychological symptoms, distress, and parental stress.Methods: Mono-center randomized clinical trial conducted between February 2020 and April 2021. Fourteen parents (N=7 mothers, N=7 fathers) of mucopolysaccharidosis type III patients reporting PTSD symptoms on a (sub)clinical level were assigned to EMDR or a wait-list control condition followed by EMDR. Four sessions of EMDR (each 90 minutes) divided over two half-days were offered. Measurements were conducted at baseline, post-treatment/post-waitlist, and 3-months post-treatment. The primary outcome was PTSD symptom severity (PTSD Check List for DSM-5). Secondary outcomes included comorbid psychological symptoms (Brief Symptom Inventory), distress (Distress Thermometer for Parents) and parenting stress (Parenting Stress Questionnaire). Between-group comparisons pre-to-post treatment (N=7 EMDR vs. N=7 wait-list) and within-group comparisons (EMDR, N=14) from pre-to-post treatment and from pre-treatment to 3-months follow-up were carried out per intent-to-treat linear mixed model analyses. Results: Compared to wait-list, EMDR resulted in a significant reduction on total PTSD symptom severity (d=1.78) and on comorbid psychological symptoms, distress and parenting stress (d=.63-1.83). Within-group comparisons showed a significant effect on all outcomes at post-treatment (d=1.04-2.21) and at 3-months follow-up (d=.96-2.30) compared to baseline. EMDR was well-tolerated, associated with a low drop-out rate, a high therapy adherence and no adverse events. Conclusion: Time-limited EMDR reduces PTSD symptoms, psychological comorbidity, distress and parenting stress in parents of children with a rare progressive life-limiting illness. This treatment was feasible for these overburdened parents. Recurrent monitoring of PTSD symptoms, and, if needed, offering this time-limited type of trauma treatment should be introduced in everyday pediatric practice. Trial registration: Netherlands Trial Register, NL8496. Registered 01-04-2022, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8496
Teaching Clinical Reasoning Among Undergraduate Medical Students: a Crossover Randomised Trial
Authors: mlika mona , dziri chadli , jallouli manel , cheikhrouhou sarra , mezni faouzi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: clinical reasoning is a mandatory competency in medical curriculum. Many techniques have been reported in order to teach it. The authors focused on 2 student-centered techniques, SNAPPS and collaborative critical reasoning learning (CCRL) technique, and compared their efficiency in order to improve the clinical reasoning competencies of third year medical education students.Methods: the authors performed a prospective randomised, controlled, non blinded crossover trial including year-3 undergraduate medical students. Judgement criteria consisted in the scores attributed to a structured summary performed by the students after each session. Besides, a satisfaction likert-scale questionnaire was fulfilled by the students. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 20.0).Results: 72 students were included with a mean age of 21 years. The mean scores of CCRL reached 4.62 versus 4.99 for SNAPPS. No significant statistical difference was observed between the mean scores according to the method used. The analysis of the satisfaction questionnaire revealed that 75% of the students preferred the CCRL because of the collaborative work performed.Conclusion: this study highlights the need for varying techniques in order to improve critical reasoning skills of medical students. Besides, it pointed out the preference of students for collaborative techniques illustrating socio-constructivist theories of learning.
Safety and Efficacy of Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval: A 5-year Single Center Retrospective Review from A Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Schuchardt Philip , Kis Lilla , Goloubev Alexey , Keshishian Edward , Mhaskar Rahul , Hoots Glenn , Davis Cliff , Massis Kamal , Shaikh Jamil 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval is typically accomplished with a standard loop snare. When this fails, more advanced techniques are necessary, especially when removal falls outside a 12-month window. Complications during filter retrieval depend heavily on technique, type of filter, and filter position. In this study we examined safety and efficacy of 536 filter retrievals at a tertiary care center and compared complication rates between standard loop snare and endobronchial forcep retrieval. Method: We reviewed 536 cases between August 2015 and August 2020, recording retrieval success rates, patient comorbidities, and complication rates at the time of removal. Results: Total overall retrieval success was 97.9% (525/536), and complications occurred in approximately 6.0% (32/536) of all cases. Success and complications with standard snare technique alone were 99.4% (345/347) and 1.7% (5 Grade I/II, 1 Grade III) and advanced forcep technique 98.8% (171/173) and 14.5% (22 Grade I/II, 2 Grade III, and 1 Grade IV), respectively. There was no significant difference between the technical success rates of the isolated loop snare and forceps techniques (p=0.60) despite a significantly longer dwell time in patients undergoing forceps retrieval ( p<0.001). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the largest cohort of forceps directed IVC filter retrieval present in the literature. Successful endobronchial forceps and loop-snare retrieval rates in this study are similar to previous reports. Although use of endobronchial forceps may be associated with higher complication rates, this is likely due to prolonged dwell times, filter tilt, and attempted removal of non retrievable filters. Overall, forceps-directed retrieval offers a safe, effective means of removal in difficult cases. Level of Evidence: Level 3, Large Retrospective Study
Hydrochemical analysis and identification of karst water source and runoff process in the densely developed area of active faults and glacial lakes in the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau- a case study of Batang section of the Jinsha River Basin
Authors: Ma Jianfei , Li Xiangquan , Zhang Chunchao , Fu Changchang , Wang Zhenxing , Bai Zhanxue 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Karst groundwater in the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau plays an important role in water supply and sustaining biodiversity and ecosystems. However, owing to the region’s complex stratigraphic structure, high tectonic activity and changeable climate, karst groundwater circulation processes are significantly more complex than elsewhere, which poses challenges to the protection of water resources and ecology. In this study, the recharge sources and flow processes of karst groundwater in the Batang section of the Jinsha River basin, which has a high density of active faults and glacial lakes, are identified by means of satellite remote sensing, hydrochemical and stable isotope analysis, and flow measurements. The results show that active faults control the distribution of glacial lakes, the recharge, runoff and discharge of karst groundwater. Glacial lakes have the function of store and regulate downstream water resources. In particular, they continuously recharge the karst system via faults, fractures, and karst conduits, thereby maintaining the relative stability of karst spring flows. Two main runoff conduits of karst water are distinguished by method of hierarchical cluster analysis, which are along Dingqu Fault and Eastern Zhairulong Fault. The elevation difference between the recharge and discharge areas of the three high flow karst spring groups is > 1000 m. The groundwater runoff is fast and the residence time in the aquifer is short. The dissolution of calcite and dolomite mainly occurs during transit though the groundwater system, and cation exchange is weak. Therefore, karst springs are predominantly of HCO3-Ca·Mg-type. To protect regional karst water resources and ecology, the monitoring and protection of glacial lakes should be strengthened.