bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antidiabetic Potential Screening of Ulin Fruit Extract (Eusideroxylon zwageri) Against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Faisal Muhammad Rizani , Amanda Oktia Nada Widiasmira , Mursidah Diana Aulia , Mahdiyah Dede , Mukti Bayu Hari 
Published: January 2022

Empirical evidence of complementary medicine from one community in Kalimantan often uses Ulin fruit (Eusideroxylon zwageri) for medical therapy or as herbal drinks by people with diabetes mellitus. This research aims to identify the antidiabetic compound of Ulin fruit extract against Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Extraction was performed by maceration method using 96% ethanol, phytochemical test of extracts, extract toxicity test on mice (50 mg/BW to 200 mg/BW), test antidiabetic extract in diabetic rats induced by STZ as much as 70 mg/kgBW with each extract dose of 150, 300, and 600 mg given for 14 days, positive control is Glibenclamide 0.25 mg/kg/day, and the negative control is CMC 1%. Phytochemical test results showed that the extract of Ulin contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, and steroids. Ulin fruit extract was not toxic to rats at 50, 150, and 200 mg for three days. Based on the Mann-Whitney test, there was an effect of giving the extract on changes in the average body weight and body temperature of rats during three days of administration (p = 0.000). The results showed novelty that the extract of Ulin fruit affected reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic rats during 14 days of administration (p=0.000).Keywords: Antidiabetic, Eusideroxylon zwageri, flavonoids, streprozotocin, diabetic rats
The influence of meteorological conditions during traditional smoking on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in traditional Polish pork ham
Authors: Choroszy Karolina , Tereszkiewicz Krzysztof 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the influence of meteorological conditions observed during the process of traditional smoking on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in traditional Polish pork ham. The material of the study comprised traditional Polish pork ham, one of the most frequently purchased and consumed meat products in Poland. The analysed ham was smoked with the traditional method using beech chips and pieces. Smoking time was four hours. During laboratory research the basic chemical composition of the product was examined. Using the HPLC method, the level of 15 selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The obtained results show that the level of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the examined material depended on atmospheric pressure and relative air humidity. Atmospheric pressure significantly influenced the content of benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)anthracene and indeno(c,d)pyrene. Relative humidity impacted the absorption level of 5-methylchrysene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, benzo(j)fluoranthene and indeno(c,d)pyrene. An influence of air temperature during the smoking process on PAHs content in the product was not observed. The results indicate that traditional smoking should be conducted under conditions of high relative humidity – ideally above 75%, and high atmospheric pressure – above 1000 hPa.
Effect of two types of ozone treatments on the quality of apple fruits
Authors: Balawejder Maciej , Matłok Natalia , Sowa Wioletta , Kończyk Natalia , Piechowiak Tomasz , Zapałowska Anita 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of this research was to demonstrate the effect of the ozonation process (exposure to ozone in gaseous form and rinsing in water saturated with ozone) on selected apple parameters. The scope of the study included: conducting the ozonation process under controlled conditions at a concentration of 1 ppm and exposure times of 1, 5 and 10 min (ozone in gaseous form) and 10, 15 and 30 min (ozonated water), respectively; polyphenols research; determining antiradical activity using ABTS radicals; and determining the influence of the applied method on the volatiles that give rise to odor chemicals (fragrance and aroma). In both cases, measurements were taken 24 hours after the ozonation process. Both exposure to ozone in gaseous form and washing in ozonated water did not adversely affect the appearance of the fruit. The rinsing process in ozonated water did not significantly affect the composition of the compounds responsible for the fruit’s odor. The proposed washing conditions affected the biochemical balance of the fruit. Differences in polyphenol content and antioxidant potential were noted. The mean content of polyphenols expressed as gallic acid equivalent in the control sample was determined to be 15.22 mg/100 g. In comparing the content of polyphenols with the control sample, insignificant changes in their content were noted, except for the sample with the longest ozonation. In the case of fruit washed within 30 minutes, a significant increase by 53% in antioxidant potential was noted. α- Farnesene was identified as the main component established by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) procedure. The proposed ozonation conditions made it possible to keep the volatile compounds influencing the sensory properties of apples unchanged.
Orthogonal decomposition of the sum-symmetry model using the two-parameters sum-symmetry model for ordinal square contingency tables
Authors: Ando Shuji 
Published: January 2022

Summary
Studies have been carried out on decomposing a model with symmetric structure using a model with asymmetric structure. In the existing decomposition theorem, the sum-symmetry model holds if and only if all of the two-parameters sum-symmetry, global symmetry and concordancediscordance models hold. However, this existing decomposition theorem does not satisfy the asymptotic equivalence for the test statistic, namely that the value of the likelihood ratio chi-squared statistic of the sum-symmetry model is asymptotically equivalent to the sum of those of the decomposed models. To address this issue, this study introduces a new decomposition theorem in which the sum-symmetry model holds if and only if all of the two-parameters sum-symmetry, global symmetry and weighted global-sum-symmetry models hold. The proposed decomposition theorem satisfies the asymptotic equivalence for the test statistic—the value of the likelihood ratio chi-squared statistic of the sum-symmetry model is asymptotically equivalent to the sum of those of the two-parameters sum-symmetry, global symmetry and weighted global-sum-symmetry models.
Facing sampling techniques as an optimal design problem
Authors: Kitsos Christos P. 
Published: January 2022

Summary
The aim of this paper is to investigate and discuss the common points shared, in their line of development, by both Sampling Theory and Design of Experiments. In fact, Sampling Theory adopts the main optimality criterion of the Optimal Design of Experiments, the minimization of variance, i.e. D-optimality. There is also an approach based on c-optimality, as far as ratio estimates are concerned, in Design of Experiments, and the A-optimality involved in a proposed Sampling technique. It is pointed out that the L2 norm is mainly applied as a distance measure.
On sample size calculation in testing treatment efficacy in clinical trials
Authors: Tamanna Rownak Jahan , Alam M. Iftakhar , Hossain Ahmed , Khan Md Hasinur Rahaman 
Published: January 2022

Summary
Sample size calculation is an integral part of any clinical trial design, and determining the optimal sample size for a study ensures adequate power to detect statistical significance. It is a critical step in designing a planned research protocol, since using too many participants in a study is expensive, exposing more subjects to the procedure. If a study is underpowered, it will be statistically inconclusive and may cause the whole protocol to fail. Amidst the attempt to maximize power and the underlying effort to minimize the budget, the optimization of both has become a significant issue in the determination of sample size for clinical trials in recent decades. Although it is hard to generalize a single method for sample size calculation, this study is an attempt to offer something that might be a basis for finding a permanent answer to the contradictions of sample size determination, by the use of simulation studies under simple random and cluster sampling schemes, with different sizes of power and type I error. The effective sample size is much higher when the design effect of the sampling method is smaller, particularly less than 1. Sample size increases for cluster sampling when the number of clusters increases.
Compensatory Health Beliefs, Locus of Control, Social Support and Quality of Life in Oil Spills-Prone Environment
Authors: Ilevbare Femi Monday , Oluwaseyi Ajibade Oluwaseun , Erhabor Idemudia Sunday 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The role of compensatory health beliefs, locus of control and social support on quality of life in oil-spills prone environment in developing countries, especially Nigeria has not been explicated. This study examined the role of compensatory health beliefs, locus of control and social support on quality of life among 453 (age 21-50 years; M= 36.02; SD = 12.04) residents in Ilaje and Ese-Odo Local Government Area (LGA’s) in Ondo State of Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting participants. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire that measured socio-demographics, compensatory health beliefs, locus of control, social support and quality of life. Results revealed that compensatory health beliefs predict quality of life in the study area. Also, social support contributes to quality of life. We suggest that a comprehensive psychosocial intervention program should be carried out to improve quality of life in oil spill-prone communities.
The (Positive) Design Environment as a Prerequisite of Design Orientation
Authors: Rocco Sanja 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Design is a human-centered activity. Every design project starts with the analysis of user needs and preferences. This means that design orientation of a company should also be positively related to company’s business results. However, in most transitional countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEECs), design environment is not supported, there is no clear national design policy, design implementation in companies varies, and there is no constant measurement of design impact. The main interest of this paper is to research the level of design implementation in Croatian companies related to the managerial approach and business results, because such research is usually undertaken in more developed countries. The study focuses on the perception of management. This quantitative research has been carried out using an Internet survey to examine managers and CEOs from Croatian companies in different industries. The results show positive relations between design environment and design orientation of a company and a significant impact of management.
Evaluation of Mixed Frequency Approaches for Tracking Near-Term Economic Developments in North Macedonia
Authors: Ramadani Gani , Petrovska Magdalena , Bucevska Vesna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aggregate demand forecasting, also known as nowcasting when it applies to current quarter assessment, is of notable interest to policy makers. This paper concentrates on the empirical methods dealing with mixed-frequency data. In particular, it focuses on the MIDAS approach and its later extension, the Bayesian MFVAR. The two strategies are evaluated in terms of their accuracy to nowcast Macedonian GDP growth, using same monthly frequency data set. The results of this study indicate that the MIDAS regressions demonstrate comparable forecasting performance to that of MF-VAR model. Moreover, it is interesting to note that the two approaches are reciprocal, since in general, their combined forecast demonstrates clear superiority in predicting business cycle turning points. Additionally, the MF-VAR model showed higher precision in times of increased uncertainty.
Formation and characterization of furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and its thermal release characteristics
Authors: Zhu Guangyong , Xiao Zuobing , Yu Gengfa , Zhu Guangxu , Niu Yunwei , Liu Junhua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Furfuryl mercaptan has the aroma characteristics of coffee. However, it is unstable during storage of coffee brew and roasted coffee. In order to enhance the stability of furfuryl mercaptan, furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was synthesized using the precipitation method in this work. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) were used to characterize the resulting products. The interaction of furfuryl mercaptan with β-cyclodextrin was investigated by the molecular mechanics (MM) method. These changes in FTIR and XRD gave supporting evidence for the successful formation of furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. The TG results showed that the formation of furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex could improve the thermal stability of furfuryl mercaptan and provide a long-lasting effect. The structure of furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex with the minimum energy was obtained by MM2 calculation, and the minimum binding energy was –77.0 kJ mol−1 at –1.96 × 10–10 m.
Applications of Affine Systems of Walsh Type to Generate Smooth Basis
Authors: Hadi Khaled , Nagy Saad 
Published: January 2022

The question on affine Riesz basis of Walsh affine systems is considered. An affine Riesz basis is constructed, generated by a continuous periodic function that belongs to the space on the real line, which has a derivative almost everywhere; in connection with the construction of this example, we note that the functions of the classical Walsh system suffer a discontinuity and their derivatives almost vanish everywhere. A method of regularization (improvement of differential properties) of the generating function of Walsh affine system is proposed, and a criterion for an affine Riesz basis for a regularized generating function that can be represented as a sum of a series in the Rademacher system is obtained.
Verbalisan Witness Position as Evidence of a Criminal Case
Authors: Zahrie M. Kemal Pasha 
Published: January 2022

The presence of Constitutional Court Decision Number 65/PUUVIII/2010 expands the meaning of witnesses in Article 1 point 26 of the KUHAP, resulting in the emergence of various interpretations in criminal justice practice concerning the position of verbal witness testimony as evidence. Juridically, the decision creates problems considering that the Criminal Procedure Code or Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) does not recognize verbal witnesses' testimony as evidence. This study examined the position and the strength of verbal witnesses' testimony as evidence in criminal proceedings. After gathering all the data using normative and empirical juridical research, this paper concludes that the testimony of verbal witnesses is grouped in the evidence of guidance in Article 188 Paragraph (1) of the KUHAP because the testimony of verbal witnesses is not primary evidence. After all, its existence is contingent on the judge's willingness to employ it. The strength of proof of testimony of verbal witnesses is that they must satisfy the elements of Article 188 paragraph (1) of the KUHAP, namely the information referred to in the form of events or circumstances concerning a criminal act, as well as conformity with other evidence, as required by Article 188 paragraph (2) of the KUHAP.
Sikap Konsumen dan Kinerja Atribut Produk Mobile Banking (Studi Pengguna Mobile Banking di Kota Surabaya)
Authors: Andry Herawati  , Sarwani  , Indrarini DG  
Published: January 2022

Mobile Banking sebagai salah satu bentuk layanan sistem informasi perbankan, yang dapat menjadi solusi terbaik untuk nasabah dengan tingkat kesibukkan yang tinggi. Banyaknya keluhan nasabah terkait aplikasi layanan mobile banking, maka penelitian ini penting dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis atribut-atribut apa saja yang mempengaruhi sikap nasabah terhadap penggunaan layanan Mobile Banking, serta bagaimana kinerja atribut Mobile Banking. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling, diperoleh 100 responden pengguna mobile banking. Metode analisis data menggunakan Model Multiatribut Fishbein dan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sikap konsumen terhadap atribut Mobile Banking secara keseluruhan adalah positif, yakni dengan nilai 218,81. Kinerja atribut Mobile Banking dianalisis dengan Importance Performance Analysis, menunjukkan hasil bahwa atribut yang perlu diprioritaskan untuk ditingkatkan kinerjanya yaitu atribut yang termasuk dalam kuadran I (Prioritas Utama): Website Mobile Banking dan kemudahan Mobile Banking dioperasikan saat bertransaksi.
Sample size and its evolution in research
Authors: Gumpili Sai Prashanti , Das Anthony Vipin 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
Sample size is one of the crucial and basic steps involved in planning any study. This article aims to study the evolution of sample size across the years from hundreds to thousands to millions and to a trillion in the near future (H-K-M-B-T). It also aims to understand the importance of sampling in the era of big data.

Study Design - Primary Outcome measure, Methods, Results, and Interpretation:
A sample size which is too small will not be a true representation of the population whereas a large sample size will involve putting more individuals at risk. An optimum sample size needs to be employed to identify statistically significant differences if they exist and obtain scientifically valid results.
The design of the study, the primary outcome, sampling method used, dropout rate, effect size, power, level of significance, and standard deviation are some of the multiple factors which affect the sample size. All these factors need to be taken into account while calculating the sample size. Many sources are available for calculating sample size. Discretion needs to be used while choosing the right source. The large volumes of data and the corresponding number of data points being analyzed is redefining many industries including healthcare. The larger the sample size, the more insightful information, identification of rare side effects, lesser margin of error, higher confidence level, and models with more accuracy. Advances in the digital era have ensured that we do not face most of the obstacles faced traditionally with regards to statistical sampling, yet it has its own set of challenges. Hence, considerable efforts and time should be invested in selecting sampling techniques which are appropriate and reducing sampling bias and errors. This will ensure the reliability and reproducibility in the results obtained. Along with a large sample size, the focus should be on getting to know the data better, the sample frame and the context in which it was collected. We need to focus on creation of good quality data and structured systems to capture the sample. Good data quality management makes sure that the data are structured appropriately.
Empowering Nurses to Meet Challenges and Lead Palliative Care for Achieving Triple Billion Targets
Authors: Mathew Juby M , Thelly Anu Savio , Antony Lovely 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:
Nurses provide care to patients in all contexts and at all stages of their lives. Their contributions are crucial to meeting global goals like Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and the Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDG) which present challenges and opportunity to improve nursing services including rehabilitation and palliative care. This study identifies challenges for empowering nurses to lead palliative care and achieve triple billion targets’. Determine reasons for challenges to empower nurses. Recommends strategies to overcome challenges in order to empower nurses to lead palliative care and achieve triple billion targets’.

Materials and methods:
Multiple brainstorming sessions were conducted through the Zoom platform among the three authors to ‘identify challenges for empowering nurses to lead palliative care and achieve triple billion targets’ and recommend strategies to overcome those challenges. Narrative literature review was conducted and experts’ opinions were elicited. Identified aspects were discussed in further brainstorming sessions.

Result:
Challenges and reasons for empowering nurses to lead palliative care and achieve triple billion targets’ were identified and strategies to overcome those challenges were recommended.

Conclusion:
Equitable, competent and compassionate palliative care is a primary tool to relieve serious health-related suffering. There is a pressing necessity to provide available, accessible, acceptable, quality, and cost-effective palliative nursing care. WHO proposed the triple billion targets to improve the health of billions where palliative care is an essential element that can be achieved only with proper identification of challenges and meticulous planning and implementation of strategies to overcome those challenges.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI (STUDY KASUS DIPUSKESMAS KEMBAYAN KABUPATEN SANGGAU KALIMANTAN BARAT)
Authors: B2042191010 Nurul Huda 
Published: January 2022

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA SERTA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI (STUDI KASUS DIPUSKESMAS KEMBAYAN KECAMATAN KEMBAYAN KABUPATEN SANGGAU KAPUAS) NURUL HUDAProgram Studi Magister Manajemen Fakultas EkonomiUniversitas Tanjungpura ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine and analyze (1) the influence of leadership style, organizational culture on work motivation and its impact on employee performance, (2) Knowing and testing the influence of leadership style, organizational culture and work motivation either partially or simultaneously on employee performance at the Puskesmas Kembayan. The population in this study were all employees of Kembayan Public Health Center, with the sampling technique of the entire population with a sample size of 77 people. This type of research is included in the explanatory research. Methods of data collection by distributing questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Methods of data analysis using Path Analysis with SPSS 22 software. The instrument used for data collection was a Likert scale model questionnaire.Based on the research results, the variables of leadership style, organizational culture, work motivation and employee performance at the Kembayan Health Center generally showed good results. From the results of the path analysis test, it can be concluded that: (1) the variable leadership style and organizational culture do not have a significant effect on work motivation. (2) Leadership style, work culture and work motivation have a significant effect on performance. Keywords: Leadership Style, Organizational Culture, Work Motivation and Employee Performance
Perkembangan Kritik Terhadap Bank Islam: Tema, Substansi dan Respon.
Authors: Agustiar Memet 
Published: January 2022

Sebagai institusi keuangan, bank Islam tidak bebas kritis. Resistensinya diuji berdasarkan kadar kemurnian syariahnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mereview berbagai kritik yang ditujukan kepada bank syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan dengan mereview tema kritik, subtansi, dan respon terhadap kritik. Penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa tema dan substansi telah bergeser dari kritik bungkusan hingga ke substansi akad transaksi. Kritik-kritik tersebut dinilai bukan melemahkan eksestensi bank syariah, tetapi lebih merupakan upaya untuk makin memperkuat implementasi prinsip syariah pada perbankan syariah.