bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivitas Antibiotik Paten Dan Generik Terhadap Beberapa Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat
Authors: Kamala Mayya Fiqi , Permana Dharma 
Published: July 2022

Latar Belakang : Jerawat atau akne vulgaris adalah gangguan inflamasi dari folikel pilosebasea. Prevalensi jerawat pada masa remaja cukup tinggi, yaitu berkisar antara 47-90% selama masa remaja. Bakteri penyebab Jerawat yang sering menyebabkan Jerawat diantaranya adalah Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionibacterium acne. Untuk mengobati Jerawat digunakan antibiotik baik paten maupun generik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sensitivitas antibiotik paten dan generik terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionibacterium acne penyebab Jerawat.Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan pengujian mikrobiologi. Bakteri penyebab Jerawat didapatkan dari laboratorium Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia berupa bakteri Propionibacterium acnes ATTC 11827, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATTC 12228, dan Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 12600 PK/5. Beberapa mikroba penyebab Jerawat dilakukan uji sensitivitas antibiotik dengan metode difusi agar (Kirby Bauer). Antibiotik yang digunakan dalam uji sensitivitas yaitu Doksisiklin, Eritromisin dan Klindamisin paten dan generikHasil dan Diskusi : Antibiotik Doksisiklin mempunyai sensitivitas paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan Klindamisin dan Eritromisin terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Propionibacterium acne sedangkan sensitivitas antibiotik Klindamisin paling tinggi terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antibiotik Eritromisin resisten terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Sensitivitas antibiotik Doksisiklin dan Eritromisin paten lebih tinggi dari generik terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, namun antibiotik Klindamisin generik mempunyai sensitivitas yang lebih tinggi dari paten. Untuk bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis, sensitivitas antibiotik Klindamisin paten lebih tinggi dari generik sedangkan antibiotik Doksisiklin paten maupun generik tidak ada perbedaan rata-rata diameter zona hambat. Pada bakteri Propionibacterium acne, sensitivitas antibiotik Eritromisin paten lebih tinggi dari generik sedangkan antibiotik Doksisiklin dan Klindamisin paten maupun generik tidak ada perbedaan rata-rata diameter zona hambat. Kesimpulan : Antibiotik Doksisiklin paling sensitif terhadap bakteri penyebab Jerawat Staphylococcus aureus dan Propionibacterium acne dibandingkan dengan Klindamisin dan Eritromisin. Antibiotik Klindamisin paling sensitif terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antibiotik Eritromisin resisten terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis. Perbedaan rata-rata diameter zona hambat dan sensitivitas antibiotik paten dan generik tidak berbeda jauh dan hampir sama.
Tips and Tricks and Clinical Outcome of Cryopreserved Human Amniotic Membrane Application for the Management of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ): A Pilot Study
Authors: Odet Stéphane , Meyer Christophe , Gaudet Camille , Weber Elise , Quenot Julie , Derruau Stéphane , Laurence Sebastien , Bompy Lisa , Girodon Marine , Chatelain Brice , Mauprivez Cédric , Brenet Esteban , Kerdjoudj Halima , Zwetyenga Narcisse , Marchetti Philippe , Hatzfeld Anne-Sophie , Toubeau David , Pouthier Fabienne , Lafarge Xavier , Redl Heinz , Fenelon Mathilde , Fricain Jean-Christophe , Di Pietro Roberta , Ledouble Charlotte , Gualdi Thomas , Parmentier Anne-Laure , Louvrier Aurélien , Gindraux Florelle 
Published: July 2022

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a complication of certain pharmacological treatments such as bisphosphonates, denosumab, and angiogenesis inhibitors. There are currently no guidelines on its management, particularly in advanced stages. The human amniotic membrane (hAM) has low immunogenicity and exerts anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antimicrobial, antiviral, and analgesic effects. It is a source of stem cells and growth factors promoting tissue regeneration. hAM acts as an anatomical barrier with suitable mechanical properties (permeability, stability, elasticity, flexibility, and resorbability) to prevent the proliferation of fibrous tissue and promote early neovascularization at the surgical site. In oral surgery, hAM stimulates healing and facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells in the oral mucosa and therefore its regeneration. We proposed using cryopreserved hAM to eight patients suffering from cancer (11 lesions) with stage 2–3 MRONJ on a compassionate use basis. A collagen sponge was added in some cases to facilitate hAM grafting. One or three hAMs were applied and one patient had a reapplication. Three patients had complete closure of the surgical site with proper epithelialization at 2 weeks, and two of them maintained it until the last follow-up. At 1 week after surgery, three patients had partial wound dehiscence with partial healing 3 months later and two patients had complete wound dehiscence. hAM reapplication led to complete healing. All patients remained asymptomatic with excellent immediate significant pain relief, no infections, and a truly positive impact on the patients’ quality of life. No adverse events occurred. At 6 months of follow-up, 80% of lesions had complete or partial wound healing (30 and 50%, respectively), while 62.5% of patients were in stage 3. Radiological evaluations found that 85.7% of patients had stable bone lesions (n = 5) or new bone formation (n = 1). One patient had a worsening MRONJ but remained asymptomatic. One patient did not attend his follow-up radiological examination. For the first time, this prospective pilot study extensively illustrates both the handling and surgical application of hAM in MRONJ, its possible association with a collagen sponge scaffold, its outcome at the site, the application of multiple hAM patches at the same time, and its reapplication.
Nanobiosensor Based on Sugar Code-AuNPs Aggregation: A Key to Opening New Gates in Rapid Diagnosis of Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Authors: Mohajeri Sahar , Moayedi Saeed , Azimi Leila , Akrami Mohammad , Rad-Malekshahi Mazda , Fazeli Mohammad Reza , Fallah Fatemeh , Haririan Ismaeil 
Published: July 2022

Streptococcal pharyngitis is mainly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS), which if left untreated can lead to rheumatic heart disease. The accurate diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis is a challenge for clinicians because several symptoms of streptococcal pharyngitis are similar to viral pharyngitis. There are some commercially available biosensors for the rapid diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis. Nevertheless, they are not widely used by physicians, mainly because of their high price and dependence on the instrument. Serotype M1 GAS is the most prevalent cause of streptococcal pharyngitis and binds to H-1 antigen, a sugar code found on oral epithelial cells. Here, we present a nanobiosensor based on aggregation of H-1 antigen-conjugated gold nanoparticles for the rapid, qualitative, and quantitative detection of M1 GAS, which is inspired by the sugar code-lectin interaction. It is noteworthy that M1 GAS was detected in a wide concentration range (1 × 103–1×106 CFU/ml) with a linear response and a short detection time of 20 min. Good reproducibility, easy-to-use, and relatively low production cost are among other attractive features of this nanobiosensor. This work provides a strategic roadmap for developing a new generation of biosensors via targeting the sugar code-lectin interaction in future studies.
Perspectives on strategies for improving ultra-deep desulfurization of liquid fuels through hydrotreatment: Catalyst improvement and feedstock pre-treatment
Authors: Dembaremba Tendai O. , Majodina Siphumelele , Walmsley Ryan S. , Ogunlaja Adeniyi S. , Tshentu Zenixole R. 
Published: July 2022

Reliance on crude oil remains high while the transition to green and renewable sources of fuel is still slow. Developing and strengthening strategies for reducing sulfur emissions from crude oil is therefore imperative and makes it possible to sustainably meet stringent regulatory sulfur level legislations in end-user liquid fuels (mostly less than 10 ppm). The burden of achieving these ultra-low sulfur levels has been passed to fuel refiners who are battling to achieve ultra-deep desulfurization through conventional hydroprocessing technologies. Removal of refractory sulfur-containing compounds has been cited as the main challenge due to several limitations with the current hydroprocessing catalysts. The inhibitory effects of nitrogen-containing compounds (especially the basic ones) is one of the major concerns. Several advances have been made to develop better strategies for achieving ultra-deep desulfurization and these include: improving hydroprocessing infrastructure, improving hydroprocessing catalysts, having additional steps for removing refractory sulfur-containing compounds and improving the quality of feedstocks. Herein, we provide perspectives that emphasize the importance of further developing hydroprocessing catalysts and pre-treating feedstocks to remove nitrogen-containing compounds prior to hydroprocessing as promising strategies for sustainably achieving ultra-deep hydroprocessing.
Metagenomic profiling of ocular surface microbiome changes in Demodex blepharitis patients
Authors: Fu Yana , Wu Jie , Wang Dandan , Li Tiankun , Shi Xinwei , Li Lu , Zhu Minying , Zhang Zuhui , Yu Xinxin , Dai Qi 
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo compare the ocular surface and meibum microbial communities of humans with Demodex Blepharitis (DB) and healthy controls.MethodsConjunctival sac and meibum samples from 25 DB patients and 11 healthy controls were analyzed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).ResultsThe alpha-diversity of the conjunctival sac microbiome of the DB group (observed, Chao1, ACE) was lower than that of the control group, whereas all meibum diversity indicators were similar. In conjunctival samples, the relative abundance (RA) of the phylum Proteobacteria was significantly higher (p=0.023), and the RA of both phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes was significantly lower (p=0.002, 0.025, respectively) in the DB group than that in the control group. In meibum samples, the RA of the phyla Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were similar, whereas that of the phylum Firmicutes was significantly lower in the DB group (p=0.019) than that in the control group. Linear discriminant analysis with effect size measurement of the conjunctival and meibum microbiomes showed that Sphingobium sp. YG1 and Acinetobacter guillouiae were enriched in the DB group. Sphingobium sp. YG1, Acinetobacter guillouiae and Pseudomonas putida in the DB group were related to more severe ocular surface clinical parameters. Discriminative genera’s principal coordinate analysis separated all control and DB microbiomes into two distinct clusters.ConclusionsProteobacteria’s increased prevalence may indicate ocular microbial community instability. The species Sphingobium sp. YG1 and Acinetobacter guillouiae are potentially pathogenic bacterial biomarkers in DB. Demodex infection mainly affects the ocular surface microbiome rather than penetrating deeper into the meibomian gland.
Multiethnic Investigation of Risk and Immune Determinants of COVID-19 Outcomes
Authors: Jun Tomi , Mathew Divij , Sharma Navya , Nirenberg Sharon , Huang Hsin-Hui , Kovatch Patricia , Wherry Edward John , Huang Kuan-lin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDisparate COVID-19 outcomes have been observed between Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and White patients. The underlying causes for these disparities are not fully understood.MethodsThis was a retrospective study utilizing electronic medical record data from five hospitals within a single academic health system based in New York City. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify demographic, clinical, and lab values associated with in-hospital mortality.ResultsA total of 3,086 adult patients with self-reported race/ethnicity information presenting to the emergency department and hospitalized with COVID-19 up to April 13, 2020, were included in this study. While older age (multivariable odds ratio (OR) 1.06, 95% CI 1.05–1.07) and baseline hypoxia (multivariable OR 2.71, 95% CI 2.17–3.36) were associated with increased mortality overall and across all races/ethnicities, non-Hispanic Black (median age 67, interquartile range (IQR) 58–76) and Hispanic (median age 63, IQR 50–74) patients were younger and had different comorbidity profiles as compared to non-Hispanic White patients (median age 73, IQR 62–84; p &lt; 0.05 for both comparisons). Among inflammatory markers associated with COVID-19 mortality, there was a significant interaction between the non-Hispanic Black population and interleukin-1-beta (interaction p-value 0.04).ConclusionsThis analysis of a multiethnic cohort highlights the need for inclusion and consideration of diverse populations in ongoing COVID-19 trials targeting inflammatory cytokines.
Commensal Bacteria Augment Staphylococcus aureus septic Arthritis in a Dose-Dependent Manner
Authors: Fei Ying , Ali Abukar , Mohammad Majd , Jin Tao 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSeptic arthritis is considered one of the most dangerous joints diseases and is mainly caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Human skin commensals are known to augment S. aureus infections. The aim of this study was to investigate if human commensals could augment S. aureus-induced septic arthritis.MethodNMRI mice were inoculated with S. aureus alone or with a mixture of S. aureus together with either of the human commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) or Streptococcus mitis (S. mitis). The clinical, radiological and histopathological changes due to septic arthritis were observed. Furthermore, the serum levels of chemokines and cytokines were assessed.ResultsMice inoculated with a mixture of S. aureus and S. epidermidis or S. mitis developed more severe and frequent clinical arthritis compared to mice inoculated with S. aureus alone. This finding was verified pathologically and radiologically. Furthermore, the ability of mice to clear invading bacteria in the joints but not in kidneys was hampered by the bacterial mixture compared to S. aureus alone. Serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 were elevated at the early phase of disease in the mice infected with bacterial mixture compared with ones infected with S. aureus alone. Finally, the augmentation effect in septic arthritis development by S. epidermidis was bacterial dose-dependent.ConclusionThe commensal bacteria dose-dependently augment S. aureus-induced septic arthritis in a mouse model of septic arthritis.
Potential of ATP5MG to Treat Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Liu Lianyong , Zhou Xinglu , Chen Juan , Li Xiangqi 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionMetabolic syndrome-associated cardiovascular disease (MetS-CVD) is a cluster of metabolism-immunity highly integrated diseases. Emerging evidence hints that mitochondrial energy metabolism may be involved in MetS-CVD development. The physiopathological role of ATP5MG, a subunit of the F0 ATPase complex, has not been fully elucidated.MethodsIn this study, we selected ATP5MG to identify the immunity-mediated pathway and mine drugs targeting this pathway for treating MetS-CVD. Using big data from public databases, we dissected co-expressed RNA (coRNA), competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), and interacting RNA (interRNA) genes for ATP5MG.ResultsIt was identified that ATP5MG may form ceRNA with COX5A through hsa-miR-142-5p and interplay with NDUFB8, SOD1, and MDH2 through RNA–RNA interaction under the immune pathway. We dug out 251 chemicals that may target this network and identified some of them as clinical drugs. We proposed five medicines for treating MetS-CVD. Interestingly, six drugs are being tested to treat COVID-19, which unexpectedly offers a new potential host-targeting antiviral strategy.ConclusionCollectively, we revealed the potential significance of the ATP5MG-centered network for developing drugs to treat MetS-CVD, which offers insights into the epigenetic regulation for metabolism-immunity highly integrated diseases.
An Inside Sun: Lickanantay Volcanology in the Salar de Atacama
Authors: Ramos Chocobar Sonia , Tironi Manuel 
Published: July 2022

The need of establishing more substantive dialogs between the mainstream and Indigenous knowledge on volcanoes has been increasingly recognized. To contribute to this endeavor, in this article we present the basic volcanological understandings of the Lickanantay people in the Salar de Atacama Basin. The Salar de Atacama Basin is an active volcanic territory within the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes (CVZA). From the El Tatio geothermal field to Socompa volcano, more than 19 active volcanoes surround the territory that the Lickanantay (Atacameño) people have inhabited for more than 11,000 years. Living around and with the geological dynamism of the CVZA for millennia, the Lickanantay communities have accumulated rich observational and ceremonial data on volcanoes and volcanism. Paradoxically, however, while the Atacameño people have thoroughly characterized the CVZA, the volcanology community has not been properly introduced to the ancestral knowledge articulated in the territory. In order to make traditional Atacameño perspectives on volcanoes, volcanic risk, and geo-cosmic interdependence more amply available to the volcanology community, in this article, we present a basic description of what we call Atacameño volcanology. By Atacameño volcanology, we understand the ancestral principles by which volcanoes are known and understood as partaking in larger processes of a cosmo-ecological formation. Specifically, we describe the basic volcanological notions arising from the Lickanantay ancestral knowledge—volcanic formation, functions, and behavior. Second, we focus on the El Tatio geothermal field to offer a situated example. Finally, we delineate some relevant elements of human–volcano interactions and volcanic risk management from an Atacameño perspective. In our conclusions we suggest that volcanology, particularly in the context of the Andes, needs to engage more substantially with the Atacameño or other ancestral systems of knowledge production to expand volcanological insights and respond to the call for decolonizing science.
The virtual flow cytometer: A new learning experience and environment for undergraduate teaching
Authors: Francis Nigel J. , Ruckley Dave , Wilkinson Thomas S. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe use of simulations has been steadily rising in popularity in the biosciences, not only due to the COVID-19 pandemic restricting access to physical labs and equipment but also in the face of rising student numbers. In this study, we describe the development and implementation of a novel, open-access interactive simulation used to not only supplement a laboratory class but to enhance the student learning experience. The simulation provides students with the opportunity to interact with a virtual flow cytometer, design a simple experiment and then critically analyse and interpret raw experimental data.ResultsResults showed that this highly authentic assessment used a much broader range of the mark scheme acting as an excellent discriminatory for student ability compared to simple recall as assessed by multiple-choice questions. Overall, the student response to the new assessment was positive, highlighting the novelty of the assessment, however, some students did experience technical issues when the simulation was used for the first time.ConclusionSimulations can play a crucial role in the student learning cycle by providing a rich, engaging learning environment, however, they need to be used to supplement other hands-on experiences to ensure that students acquire the necessary kinematic skills expected of a successful science graduate.
CD8+T Cell-Related Gene Biomarkers in Macular Edema of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Huang Jing , Zhou Qiong 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCD8+T lymphocytes have a strong pro-inflammatory effect in all parts of the tissue, and some studies have demonstrated that its concentration in the vitreous increased significantly, suggesting that CD8+T cells play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the infiltration of CD8+T cells in the DR retina, especially in diabetic macular edema (DME), and its related genes are still unclear.MethodsDownload the GSE16036 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The ImmuCellAI program was performed to evaluate the abundance of 24 immune cells including CD8+T cells. The CD8+T cell-related genes (DECD8+TRGs) between non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and DME were detectedviadifference analysis and correlation analysis. Enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network mapping were implemented to explore the potential function of DECD8+TRGs. Lasso regression, support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), CytoHubba plug-in and MCODE plug-in in Cytoscape software, and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) were performed to comprehensively analyze and obtain Hub DECD8+TRGs. Hub DECD8+TRGs expression patterns were further validated in other two DR-related independent datasets. The CD8+TRG score was defined as the genetic characterization of Hub DECD8+TRGs using the GSVA sample scoring method, which can be administered to distinguish early and advanced diabetic nephropathy (DN) as well as normal and DN. Finally, the transcription level of DECD8+TRGs in DR model mouse were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).ResultsA total of 371 DECD8+TRGs were identified, of which 294 genes were positively correlated and only 77 genes were negatively correlated. Eight genes (IKZF1, PTPRC, ITGB2, ITGAX, TLR7, LYN, CD74, SPI1) were recognized as Hub DECD8+TRGs. DR and DN, which have strong clinical correlation, have been proved to be associated with CD8+T cell-related hub genes by multiple independent data sets. Hub DECD8+TRGs can not only distinguish PDR from normal and DN from normal, but also play a role in the early and progressive stages of the two diseases (NPDR vs DME, Early DN vs Advanced DN). The qPCR transcription level and trend of Hub DECD8+TRGs in DR mouse model was basically the same as that in human transcriptome.ConclusionThis study not only increases our understanding of the molecular mechanism of CD8+T cells in the progression of DME, but also expands people’s cognitive vision of the molecular mechanism of crosstalk of CD8+T cells in the eyes and kidneys of patients with diabetes.