bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuromelanins in brain aging and Parkinson's disease: synthesis, structure, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative role
Authors: Zucca Fabio A. , Capucciati Andrea , Bellei Chiara , Sarna Michał , Sarna Tadeusz , Monzani Enrico , Casella Luigi , Zecca Luigi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNeuromelanins are compounds accumulating in neurons of human and animal brain during aging, with neurons of substantia nigra and locus coeruleus having the highest levels of neuromelanins. These compounds have melanic, lipid, peptide, and inorganic components and are contained inside special autolysosomes. Neuromelanins can participate in neuroprotective or toxic processes occurring in Parkinson's disease according to cellular environment. Their synthesis depends on the concentration of cytosolic catechols and is a protective process since it prevents the toxic accumulation of catechols‐derived reactive compounds. Neuromelanins can be neuroprotective also by binding reactive/toxic metals to produce stable and non‐toxic complexes. Extraneuronal neuromelanin released by dying dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease activates microglia which generate reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and proinflammatory molecules, thus producing still neuroinflammation and neuronal death. Synthetic neuromelanins have been prepared with melanic, protein structure, and metal content closely mimicking the natural brain pigment, and these models are also able to activate microglia. Neuromelanins have different structure, synthesis, cellular/subcellular distribution, and role than melanins of hair, skin, and other tissues. The main common aspect between brain neuromelanin and peripheral melanin is the presence of eumelanin and/or pheomelanin moieties in their structure.
Is split‐dose better than single‐dose? Results of Turkish Stem Cell Coordination Center (TURKOK) donors in the era of rising biosimilar G‐CSF
Authors: Pınar İbrahim Ethem , Özkocaman Vildan , Özkalemkaş Fahir , Durgut Himmet , Dakiki Bahar , Ersal Tuba , Gürsoy Vildan , Yalçın Cumali , Orhan Bedrettin , Candar Ömer , Ali Rıdvan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTurkish Stem Cell Coordination Center (TURKOK) carries out the procurement process of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells in Turkey. This study aims to compare the efficacy of both once‐daily and divided‐dose G‐CSF administration and the original and biosimilar G‐CSF use and the frequency and severity of adverse events in TURKOK donors.MethodThe study was conducted retrospectively with 142 healthy TURKOK donors. For PBSC mobilization, two different subcutaneous G‐CSF programs were used as 10 μ/kg/day single‐dose and 5 μ/kg/12 h. Neupogen (Amgen, Puerto Rico) and Tevagrastim (Teva, Kfar Saba, Israel) were used as G‐CSF. All donors started apheresis on the fifth day, and all side effects were recorded during the procedure.ResultsStem cell yield was similar between single‐dose and divided‐doses based on donor weight, favoring the split‐dose based on recipient weight (P = .506 and P = .023, respectively). Both G‐CSF posologies were comparable if the target CD34+ cell yield was ≥4 × 106/kg. CD34+ cell yield was equivalent when evaluated against recipient weight, significantly favoring Tevagrastim vs Neupogen by donor weight (P = .740 and P = .021, respectively). Side effects, duration of pain, and need for analgesia favor Tevagratim over Neupogen.ConclusionSplit‐dose may be recommended for cases where the need for large numbers of CD34+ cells to be harvested is anticipated due to significant cell yield relative to recipient weight. However, sufficient hematopoietic stem cells can be collected with both posology. Tevagrastim is non‐inferiority effective to Neupogen. Side effects during administration are both low‐grade and temporary.
Association of perturbation of oral bacterial with incident of Alzheimer's disease: A pilot study
Authors: Taati Moghadam Majid , Amirmozafari Nour , Mojtahedi Ali , Bakhshayesh Babak , Shariati Aref , Masjedian Jazi Faramarz 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis case‐control study was designed to compare the composition of the predominant oral bacterial microbiome in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and control group.SubjectA total of 30 adult participants (15 AD and 15 healthy individuals) were entered in this study. The composition of oral bacterial microbiome was examined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using bacterial 16S rDNA gene. The levels of systemic inflammatory cytokines in both groups were assessed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).ResultsThe loads of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella intermedia were significantly more abundant in the AD compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Although Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mutans were relatively frequent in the AD group, no significance difference was observed in their copy number between two groups. Although the concentrations of IL‐1, IL‐6, and TNF‐α were higher in the AD group, there was a significant difference in their levels between the two groups (p < 0.05). Finally, there was a significant relationship between increased number of pathogenic bacteria in oral microbiome and higher concentration of cytokines in patient's blood.ConclusionOur knowledge of oral microbiome and its exact association with AD is rather limited; our study showed a significant association between changes in oral microbiome bacteria, increased inflammatory cytokines, and AD.
Upregulation of INHBA mediated by the transcription factor BHLHE40 promotes colon cancer cell proliferation and migration
Authors: Wang Jianan , Li Bo , Yang Shaohui , Ma Chenyang , Liu Kaitai , Chen Xue , Cui Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundColon cancer is highly prevalent, and cell proliferation and migration are major reasons for its progression to malignancy. The upregulation of INHBA, a glycoprotein hormone that regulates the secretion of pituitary hormones, is documented to be oncogenic in numerous cancers, consisting of breast, gastric, and ovarian cancer. Herein, we assessed the role of INHBA in the proliferation along with the migration of colon cancer cells.MethodsTCGA datasets were used to assess INHBA expression and its correlation with prognosis in colon cancer patients. Analyses on JASPAR, PROMO, and ENCODE databases, uncovered high correlation between INHBA and BHLHE40. Western blot and RT‐qPCR analysis were used to determine protein and mRNA levels. Cell transfection inhibited the expression of INHBA and BHLHE40. Cell proliferation rates were determined using CCK8 analysis. Wound healing assays were adopted to explore cell migration.ResultsINHBA is markedly elevated in colon cancer tissues along with cells and is a predictive factor for patient's prognosis with colon cancer. INHBA silencing suppressed colon cancer cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, we confirmed the association of INHBA with BHLHE40 in colon cancer cells. BHLHE40 could directly modulates INHBA expression. Here, we show that BHLHE40 modulates the expression of INHBA, which influences the proliferation, and migration of colon cancer cells.ConclusionINHBA acts as an oncogene in colon cancer and it can be regulated by the transcription factor BHLHE40.
Prognostic value of dynamic cardiac biomarkers in patients with acquired refractory thrombocytopenic purpura: A retrospective study in Chinese population
Authors: Xu Yinan , Gu Chengyuan , Wang Ruju , Qi Jiaqian , Wang Jun , Jiang Tingbo , Jiang Min , Wu Depei , You Tao , Fu Jianhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is becoming a curable disease with the introduction of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). However, cardiovascular complications remain essential causes of mortality in patients with refractory TTP, while the association of cardiac biomarkers with the prognosis of TTP warrants further investigation.MethodsPatients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University for refractory TTP from 2013 through 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical characteristics were collected from electronic health records. Biomarker levels on admission and post TPE were recorded. Logistic regression was adopted to identify risk factors for mortality.ResultsA total of 78 patients with refractory TTP were included in this study. Twenty‐one patients died during hospitalization, with a mortality rate of 26.9%. High‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT), N‐terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratios (AAR) were increased in deceased patients compared with the survival group. Multivariate analysis showed that AAR after TPE was associated with overall mortality (OR: 4.45, 95% CI 1.09–18.19). The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of AAR, hs‐cTnT, and NT‐proBNP for the association with mortality were 0.814, 0.840, and 0.829, respectively.ConclusionHigher post‐TPE cardiac biomarker levels are associated with increased in‐hospital mortality in patients with refractory TTP.
Focused group analytic psychotherapy: An integration of clinical experience and research
Authors: Lorentzen Steinar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveGroup‐analytic psychotherapy is probably the most commonly used psychodynamic group therapy in Europe. This paper describes focused group analytic psychotherapy (FGAP), a new time–limited version of this therapy, based on clinical experience and research.The therapy/suitability of patientsIt is relatively structured and individually oriented, and designed for patients with a certain ability to tolerate internal and external stress, without decompensating or developing serious behavioral disturbances (they should have a limited degree of personality pathology). Patients entering FGAP should establish a circumscribed therapy focus ahead of therapy, based on some dysfunctional patterns of interpersonal problems, conflicts, and/or symptoms related to a psychodynamic hypothesis/case formulation.Selection/preparationThe paper describes patient selection and preparation, the evolvement of the group process, and how therapist and other group members interact/intervene.Clinical material/vignettesCentral elements in the evaluation and aspects of the therapy are described and illustrated with an extensive case description and clinical material and vignettes from the group process.
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Lenvatinib in Chinese Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Real‐World Data
Authors: Hu Yingying , Chen Ruijia , Ye Zhenjie , Wei Fuqun , Lin Kecan , Liu Jingfeng , Zeng Yongyi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLenvatinib is a novel oral angiogenesis inhibitor approved in China for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without prior systemic treatment. We described the population pharmacokinetics of lenvatinib in Chinese patients with advanced HCC and explore the potential patient characteristics associated with lenvatinib pharmacokinetics using real‐world data. A total of 266 samples, provided by 127 Chinese patients with advanced HCC, were analyzed by nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to assess impact of covariates on the exposure to lenvatinib. The clearance of lenvatinib in Chinese patients with advanced HCC was 5.3 L/h, and alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and sex were identified as important covariates associated with it. The clearance of Child‐Pugh class B patients (4.82L/h) was significantly lower than that of Child‐Pugh class A patients (5.53 L/h), and the systemic exposure increased with the increase of alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. There were sex differences in the pharmacokinetic characteristics of lenvatinib. The clearance of women was significantly lower than that of men (4.61 vs 5.6 L/h; P < .001), and the area under the plasma concentration–time curve of women was ≈20% higher than that of men. In this study, a population pharmacokinetic model of lenvatinib was established, which can be used to simulate clinical trials or various dosing scenarios. Our findings provide important new insights for optimizing the use of lenvatinib in patients with advanced HCC.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) update: From metabolic reprogramming to immunometabolism
Authors: Rudiansyah Mohammad , Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Mohammad pour Zeinab Gol , Athar Sara Sohrabi , Jeda Ali Salimi , doewes Rumi Iqbal , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Bokov D. O. , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Noroozbeygi Mina , Karampoor Sajad , Mirzaei Rasoul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe field of immunometabolism investigates and describes the effects of metabolic rewiring in immune cells throughout activation and the fates of these cells. Recently, it has been appreciated that immunometabolism plays an essential role in the progression of viral infections, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Regarding COVID‐19, the aberrant immune response underlying the progression of diseases establishes two major respiratory pathologies, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or pneumonia‐induced acute lung injury (ALI). Both innate and adaptive immunity (T cell‐based) were impaired in the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Current findings have deciphered that macrophages (innate immune cells) are involved in the inflammatory response seen in COVID‐19. It has been demonstrated that immune system cells can change metabolic reprogramming in some conditions, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious disease, including COVID‐19. The growing findings on metabolic reprogramming in COVID‐19 allow an exploration of metabolites with immunomodulatory properties as future therapies to combat this hyperinflammatory response. The elucidation of the exact role and mechanism underlying this metabolic reprograming in immune cells could help apply more precise approaches to initial diagnosis, prognosis, and in‐hospital therapy. This report discusses the latest findings from COVID‐19 on host metabolic reprogramming and immunometabolic responses.
Deletion of YJL218W reduces salt tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Li Mengyan , Zhang Yu , Deng Juqing , Wang Hanying , Ma Jiaqing , Wang Weiqun , Lyu Lechun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe YJL218W open reading frame may be involved in peroxisomal biogenesis. However, whether it mediates salt tolerance is unclear. We found that after knockdown of YJL218W in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), its salt tolerance was reduced and cell death was increased. Transcriptome sequencing and analysis further revealed that YJL218W knockdown mediated significant changes in the expression of 1432 messenger RNA (mRNAs), of which 603 were upregulated. KEGG enrichment analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay indicated that YJL218W mediated the regulation of peroxisome‐related genes. Therefore, YJL218W may regulate salt stress in S. cerevisiae by regulating peroxisome assembly.
Spatiotemporal patterns and evolution of heavy rainfall trajectories in China
Authors: Xu Chang , Chen Zhihe , Zhu Zhihua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA heavy rainfall trajectory (HRT) is defined as the trajectory formed by the movement of the rainstorm centre of a heavy rainfall event over time. Based on this definition, the dispersion degree (DD) of HRTs is applied based on the Euclidean distance and an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) to quantify the spatiotemporal distribution and evolution characteristics of HRTs in China. The results show that (a) the spatial distribution and length of HRTs in China have distinct geographical and seasonal characteristics, which are strongly influenced by the East Asian summer monsoon. (b) From southeast China to northwest China, the DDs increased to 8 and the length of HRTs decreased by 53,925 m. (c) According to EOF analysis, the direction angle change of northeast‐oriented HRTs shows a significant negative trend across the country, while those of southeast‐, southwest‐ and northwest‐oriented HRTs show a significant positive trend. From 2008 to 2019, HRTs flattened in the northeast and southwest directions, while HRTs steepened in the southeast and northwest directions. This research provides certain scientific guidance for the prevention and mitigation of regional disasters and provides necessary theoretical support for the changing patterns of the climate system under the impact of climate change.
Sagittal plane ankle kinetics are associated with dynamic hip range of motion and gait efficiency in women with hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Huang Chun‐Hao , Aydemir Burcu , Foucher Kharma C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLoss of sagittal plane hip range of motion (ROM) is a commonly reported walking gait impairment in people with hip osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether sagittal plane hip ROM reduction and the resulting altered sagittal plane ankle kinetics during gait influence the energy cost of walking in people with hip OA. We evaluated 24 women with unilateral hip OA (60 ± 9.1 years; 29.4 ± 6.1 kg/m2). Sagittal plane hip ROM and peak ankle dorsiflexion moment were assessed by instrumented gait analysis. We also used a portable metabolic system to measure the energy cost of walking. Pearson correlations and regression analyses were performed to test our hypotheses. We found that greater involved limb sagittal plane hip ROM was associated with a larger ankle peak dorsiflexion moment at push‐off during gait (R = 0.50, p = 0.01). Greater involved limb peak ankle dorsiflexion moment at push‐off was associated with a lower oxygen consumption during gait (R = −0.51, p = 0.01). Involved limb peak ankle dorsiflexion moment at push‐off predicted 26% of the variance in O2 cost. Statement of Clinical Significance: Sagittal plane hip ROM was associated with peak ankle dorsiflexion moment at push‐off during gait in women with hip OA. Moreover, peak ankle dorsiflexion moment at push‐off was associated with the energy cost of walking. Therefore, modifying sagittal plane hip ROM and peak ankle dorsiflexion moment could be a possible rehabilitation strategy to improve gait efficiency in women with hip OA.
Patterns of lipid‐injectable emulsion use in neonatal intensive care units across the United States: A multi‐institution survey
Authors: Huff Katie A. , Nayak Sujir Pritha , Ahmad Irfan , DiGeronimo Robert , Hair Amy , Kim Jae H. , Markel Troy , Piazza Anthony , Reber Kristina , Roberts Jessica , Sharma Jotishna , Sullivan Kevin , Ahmad Kaashif A. , Yanowitz Toby , Premkumar Muralidhar H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLipid‐injectable emulsions (ILEs) are a necessity for neonates dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN). In this manuscript, we describe the patterns of ILE use in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the United States (US).MethodsAn electronic survey was sent to 488 NICUs across the US between December 2020 and March 2021. Survey fields included availability and utilization of various ILE in neonates.ResultsThe response rate was 22% (107 out of 488). Soybean oil ILE (SO‐ILE) and soybean oil, medium‐chain triglycerides, olive oil, fish oil ILE (SO, MCT, OO, FO‐ILE) had similar availability (87% vs 86%, respectively), and SO, MCT, OO, FO‐ILE was more commonly used (SO‐ILE, 71% vs SO, MCT, OO, FO‐ILE, 86%). Fish oil‐ILE (FO‐ILE) was used by 55% of centers. SO‐ILE was most frequently used with PN and needs <4 weeks without cholestasis (79%). The most common reason for SO, MCT, OO, FO‐ILE use was cholestasis (71%). ILE minimization was used by 28% of SO‐ILE and 22% of SO, MCT, OO, FO‐ILE users; 95% of these centers restrict SO, MCT, OO, FO‐ILE to doses ≤2 g/kg/day. Twenty‐two percent of centers started FO‐ILE at direct bilirubin of >5 mg/dl.ConclusionThe results of this survey reveal significant variability in ILE usage across the US. Lipid minimization with SO, MCT, OO, FO‐ILE and initiation of FO‐ILE for cholestasis at higher bilirubin thresholds are prevalent. Such reports are crucial for a better understanding of ILE use in the NICU and in future ILE development.
Middle‐phase microemulsion with CO2 responsiveness
Authors: Guan Dan , Luan Huoxin , Shao Hongzhi , Que Tingli , Xu Congjun , Liu Lulu , Huang Huiyu , Huang Xiaoling , Su Xin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCrude oil is the most exploited energy source and the best way to increase the yield of oil recovery is the use of middle‐phase microemulsions. But the consecutive formation of water‐in‐oil emulsions needs oil–water separation. Reversible middle‐phase microemulsions were prepared with tetradecane (equivalent alkane for crude oil from Xinjiang oilfields, China) and aqueous solutions containing 1‐pentanol, N,N‐dimethyltetradecylamine and NaCl, and stimulated with CO2. By adding and removing CO2, the conductivity of aqueous solutions without NaCl increases from 20 μS/cm to 3.6 mS/cm reversibly. Additionally, the surface and interfacial tensions of aqueous solution show reversible changes. The middle‐phase microemulsion is stable in CO2 atmosphere. After removing CO2, it becomes separated into oil and aqueous phases. However, by sparging CO2 and standing for 2 days, it becomes middle‐phase microemulsion again. This research is expected to launch a brand‐new avenue for the CO2‐stimulated reversible microemulsification.
Usefulness of Intestinal Ultrasound to Detect Small Intestinal Stenosis in Patients With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Takeuchi Keiko , Inokuchi Toshihiro , Takahara Masahiro , Ohmori Masayasu , Yasutomi Eriko , Oka Shohei , Igawa Shoko , Takei Kensuke , Baba Yuki , Kawano Seiji , Yamasaki Yasushi , Kinugasa Hideaki , Harada Keita , Hiraoka Sakiko , Okada Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesDouble balloon enteroscopy (DBE) with retrograde contrast is useful as a monitoring tool for small intestinal lesions in Crohn's disease (CD), but these are burdensome for patients. Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) can be used with ease in daily clinical practice, but there is less evidence regarding the accuracy of detection of small intestinal stenosis in CD. This study aimed to examine the diagnostic power of IUS for small intestinal stenosis in patients with CD.MethodsThe findings of DBE and IUS in 86 patients with CD with small intestinal lesions were evaluated. Using DBE as the reference standard, we examined the detection rate of IUS for small intestinal stenosis. We evaluated three parameters: luminal narrowing, prestenotic dilation, and to‐and‐fro movement for determining stenosis using IUS. In addition, we compared the characteristics between the stenosis‐detectable and stenosis‐undetectable groups by IUS.ResultsOf the 86 patients, 30 had small intestinal stenosis. In IUS findings, when lesions that met two or more of the three parameters were judged as stenosis, the detection rate was 70.0% for sensitivity, 98.2% for specificity, and 88.4% for accuracy. Moreover, there were patients with a younger age at diagnosis (P < 0.05) and more ileocolonic disease location (P < 0.05) in the stenosis‐detectable group by IUS. The stenoses detected by IUS were significantly longer than those undetected by IUS (14.1 mm versus 5.2 mm, P < 0.05).ConclusionsIUS delivered reliable results for clinically important small intestinal stenosis of CD with high diagnostic accuracy.