bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic tectono-stratigraphic framework for central Idaho: Windermere Supergroup in the northern sector of the U.S. Cordillera
Authors: Brennan* Daniel T. , Pearson David M. , Link Paul K. , Milton Jacob 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe Windermere Supergroup in southern British Columbia and its correlatives (such as the Pocatello Formation and lower Brigham Group in southeastern Idaho) along the western North American Cordilleran margin are an archetype of Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic tectonic, sedimentary, and climatic processes. The central Idaho portion of the margin remains relatively understudied when compared to regions to the south in southeastern Idaho or to the north in northeastern Washington. This is in part a legacy of early workers, who identified the absence of Neoproterozoic and Cambrian strata in east-central Idaho across the Lemhi arch. However, Neoproterozoic and Cambrian rocks are indeed present west of the Lemhi arch within the central Idaho section of the Cordillera. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of these strata within central Idaho and correlate the Pocatello Formation and Brigham Group rocks from northern Utah/southeastern Idaho through central Idaho to northeastern Washington. We also provide new constraints that link Cambrian strata from central Idaho across the Lemhi arch to southwestern Montana. Collectively, this emerging tectono-stratigraphic framework suggests extensive, some likely diachronous, stratigraphic boundaries and magmatic events relating to (1) widespread rifting ca. 720–680 Ma; (2) early and late Cryogenian (Sturtian and Marinoan) glacial sedimentation; (3) base-level drawdown and formation of incised valleys, previously correlated to the Marinoan glacial interval, but which now appear to be younger (ca. 600 Ma) and perhaps related to tectonic activity; (4) onset of the Sauk I transgression 560–530(?) Ma; (5) the ca. 515 Ma Sauk II lowstand, perhaps related to final rifting in southern Laurentia; and (6) the Sauk III lowstand coeval with exhumation of 500–490 Ma Beaverhead plutons within the Lemhi arch. Magmatism occurred ca. 680 Ma, 660 Ma, 600 Ma, and 500 Ma, providing age ties. These observations suggest that Neoproterozoic and lower Paleozoic strata in the central Idaho sector of the North American Cordillera record similar processes and sedimentation as strata elsewhere along the margin.
Concomitant giant purely intradiploic cavernous haemangioma and multifocal neurotoxoplasmosis
Authors: Costanzo Roberta , Scalia Gianluca , Iacopino Domenico Gerardo , Nicoletti Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

Purely calvarial or intradiploic cavernous haemangiomas (PICHs) are rare benign tumours accounting for 0.2% of all bone tumours and 10% of benign skull tumours. They are generally small, slow-growing and asymptomatic lesions. Here the authors described an immunocompromised patient with concomitant giant intradiploic ossified globular cavernous angioma and multifocal neurotoxoplasmosis that underwent a combined approach to treat both lesions with an en-bloc resection of the right parietal intradiploic lesion and biopsy of the left occipital subcortical lesion.Indeed, it is essential to exclude the presence of metastases by making a timely differential diagnosis. En-bloc surgical resection of purely intradiploic ossified cavernous angioma is the gold standard treatment and the prognosis after a complete excision is usually excellent with rarer recurrence rate.
Qualitative study of the views of people living with cardiovascular disease, and healthcare professionals, towards the use of a digital platform to support cardiovascular disease self-management
Authors: Tighe Sarah Anne , Ball Kylie , Kayser Lars , Kensing Finn , Maddison Ralph 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThis paper focuses on formative research as part of a broader study to develop and evaluate an innovative digital health platform for the self-management of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The primary objective is to better understand the perceptions of key stakeholders towards the proposed platform (Salvio) and to identify the development considerations they may prioritise based on their own experiences of CVD management.DesignA qualitative research study using thematic analysis to explore patterns and themes within the various participant contributions.SettingTriangulation of data collection methods were used to generate data, including focus group discussions, semistructured interviews and guided conversations.ParticipantsParticipants (n=26) were people with a diagnosis of CVD (n=18) and relevant healthcare professionals (n=8).ResultsFindings indicate that the proposed platform would be a beneficial solution for certain groups whose health behaviour change is not currently supported by discrete solutions. Both participant groups perceive the digital health platform more trustworthy than accessing multiple interventions through unsupported digital repositories. Healthcare professionals agreed that they would endorse an evidence-based platform that had been rigorously developed and evaluated. CVD participants prioritised a decision support tool to guide them through the platform, as they perceive an unstructured approach as overly complex. Both participant groups perceived data sharing with certain self-selected individuals (eg, spouse) to be a useful method for gaining support with their health behaviour change.ConclusionsA digital health platform offering a variety of existing, evidence-based interventions would provide users with suitable self-management solution(s) based on their own individual needs and preferences. Salvio could be enhanced by providing adequate support to platform users, guiding the diverse CVD population through a host of digital solutions, ensuring that Salvio is endorsed by trusted healthcare professionals and maintaining connections with usual care. Such a platform would augment existing self-management and secondary prevention services.
Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of type 2 diabetes and its determinants among Mongolians in China: a cross-sectional analysis of IMAGINS 2015–2020
Authors: Duan Mingrui , Xi Yunfeng , Tian Qiuyue , Na Buqi , Han Ke , Zhang Xingguang , Wang Wenrui , Zheng Deqiang , Wang Youxin 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThis study aims to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and pre-diabetes as well as to identify its associated factors among Mongolians living in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsThis sample included 11 361 Mongolian participants from the Inner Mongolian Healthy Aging Intervention Study, a population-based screening project consisting of 141 255 adults aged above 35 years in Inner Mongolia from 2015 to 31 December 2020.Outcome measuresThe prevalence and 95% CIs of T2D and pre-diabetes were calculated. Factors associated with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of T2D were explored by a binomial logistic regression.ResultsA total of 17.2% (95% CI 16.5% to 17.9%) of the sample had T2D, of whom 34.0% (95% CI 31.9% to 36.1%) were aware of their diagnosis, 24.7% (95% CI 22.8% to 26.6%) were taking prescribed antidiabetic medications, 6.7% (95% CI 5.6% to 7.8%) had achieved control and 27.5% (95 % CI 26.7% to 28.3%) had pre-diabetes. The prevalence of T2D increased with increasing age, male, lower education level, smoking, obesity and a history of hypertension or dyslipidaemia (all p<0.05).ConclusionsT2D is highly prevalent, with suboptimal awareness, treatment and control rates, and an escalating health challenge among the Mongolian population. Broad-based strategies, including diabetes prevention education, better screening and affordable treatment, should be implemented to raise awareness, treatment and control rates of T2D in Inner Mongolia.
Cascade of decisions meet personal preferences in sciatica treatment decisions
Authors: van Dijk Wieteke , Tanke Marit A C , Meinders Marjan J , Verkerk Eva W , Jeurissen Patrick P T , Westert Gert P 
Published: November 2022

Study designAn in-depth interview study including patients, general practitioners, neurologists and neurosurgeons.ObjectiveTo gain insight in decision-making in sciatica care, by identifying patients’ and physicians’ preferences for treatment options, and the differences between and within both groups.Summary of background dataSciatica is a self-limiting condition, which can be treated both conservatively and surgically. The value of both options has been disputed, and the care pathway is known for a substantial amount of practice variation. Most Dutch patients are taken care of by general practitioners before they are referred to hospital-based neurologists, who might refer to a neurosurgeon, who can perform a surgical intervention. Dutch sciatica care thus follows the principles of stepped care, and a cascade of decisions precedes surgery. Better understanding of the decision-making within this cascade might reveal opportunities to improve shared decision-making and to reduce unwarranted practice variation.MethodsInterviews with 10 patients and 22 physicians were analysed thematically.ResultsWhile physicians were confident of their clinical diagnosis, patients preferred confirmation trough imaging to exclude other possible explanations. Furthermore, many patients showed reluctance towards the use of (strong) opioids, while all physicians favoured this and underlined the benefits of opioids in the management of sciatica complaints, to buy time and to allow patients to recover naturally. Finally, individual physicians differed strongly in their opinion on benefits and optimal timing of surgical treatment and epidural injections.ConclusionsDutch sciatica care is characterised by a cascade of decisions preceding surgery. Preferences differ within and between patients and physicians, which adds to the practice variation. To improve decision-making, physicians and patients should invest not necessarily more in the exchange of options or preferences, but in making sure the other understands the rationale behind them.
Deciphering molecular and cellular ex vivo responses to bispecific antibodies PD1-TIM3 and PD1-LAG3 in human tumors
Authors: Natoli Marina , Hatje Klas , Gulati Pratiksha , Junker Fabian , Herzig Petra , Jiang Zhiwen , Davydov Iakov I , Germann Markus , Trüb Marta , Marbach Daniel , Zwick Adrian , Weber Patrick , Seeber Stefan , Wiese Mark , Lardinois Didier , Heinzelmann-Schwarz Viola , Rosenberg Robert , Tietze Lothar , Mertz Kirsten D , Umaña Pablo , Klein Christian , Codarri-Deak Laura , Kao Henry , Zippelius Alfred 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundNext-generation cancer immunotherapies are designed to broaden the therapeutic repertoire by targeting new immune checkpoints including lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3). Yet, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which either receptor functions to mediate its inhibitory effects are still poorly understood. Similarly, little is known on the differential effects of dual, compared with single, checkpoint inhibition.MethodsWe here performed in-depth characterization, including multicolor flow cytometry, single cell RNA sequencing and multiplex supernatant analysis, using tumor single cell suspensions from patients with cancer treated ex vivo with novel bispecific antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and TIM-3 (PD1-TIM3), PD-1 and LAG-3 (PD1-LAG3), or with anti-PD-1.ResultsWe identified patient samples which were responsive to PD1-TIM3, PD1-LAG3 or anti-PD-1 using an in vitro approach, validated by the analysis of 659 soluble proteins and enrichment for an anti-PD-1 responder signature. We found increased abundance of an activated (HLA-DR+CD25+GranzymeB+) CD8+T cell subset and of proliferating CD8+T cells, in response to bispecific antibody or anti-PD-1 treatment. Bispecific antibodies, but not anti-PD-1, significantly increased the abundance of a proliferating natural killer cell subset, which exhibited enrichment for a tissue-residency signature. Key phenotypic and transcriptional changes occurred in a PD-1+CXCL13+CD4+T cell subset, in response to all treatments, including increased interleukin-17 secretion and signaling toward plasma cells. Interestingly, LAG-3 protein upregulation was detected as a unique pharmacodynamic effect mediated by PD1-LAG3, but not by PD1-TIM3 or anti-PD-1.ConclusionsOur in vitro system reliably assessed responses to bispecific antibodies co-targeting PD-1 together with LAG-3 or TIM-3 using patients’ tumor infiltrating immune cells and revealed transcriptional and phenotypic imprinting by bispecific antibody formats currently tested in early clinical trials.
Endovascular transmural access to carotid artery perivascular tissues: safety assessment of a novel technique
Authors: Kim Wi Jin , Samarage Hasitha Milan , Zarrin David , Goel Keshav , Wang Anthony C , Johnson Jeremiah , Nael Kambiz , Colby Geoffrey P 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundRecent advances in endovascular devices have allowed access and targeting of perivascular tissues of the peripheral circulation. The perivascular tissues of the cervical and cranial circulations have many important structures of clinical significance, yet the feasibility and safety of such an approach has not been demonstrated.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety of a novel endovascular transmural approach to target the perivascular tissues of the common carotid artery in swine.MethodsA micro-infusion device was positioned in the carotid arteries of three Yorkshire pigs (six carotid arteries in total), and each carotid artery was punctured 10 times in the same location to gain access to the perivascular tissues. Digital subtraction angiography was used to evaluate vessel injury or contrast extravasation. MRI and MR angiography were used to evaluate evidence of cerebral ischemia or vessel injury. Post-mortem tissue analysis was performed to assess the level of extravascular hematoma and intravascular dissection.ResultsNone of the tested carotid arteries showed evidence of vessel injury (dissection or perforation) or intravascular thrombosis. MRI performed after repeated puncture was negative for neck hematoma and brain ischemia. Post-mortem tissue analysis of the carotid arteries showed mild adventitial staining with blood, but without associated hematoma and without vessel dissection.ConclusionRepeated puncture of the carotid artery to gain access to the perivascular tissues using a novel endovascular transmural approach is safe in a swine model. This represents a novel approach to various tissues in close proximity to the cervical and cranial vasculature.
Effect of nitric oxide–cyclic GMP–K+ channel pathway blockers, naloxone and metformin, on the antinociception induced by the diuretic pamabrom
Authors: Ortiz Mario I. , Cariño-Cortés Raquel , Castañeda-Hernández Gilberto , Medina-Solís Carlo Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

Pamabrom is a diuretic that is effective in treating premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of metformin and modulators of the opioid receptor–nitric oxide (NO)–cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)–K+ channel pathway on the local antinociception induced by pamabrom. The rat paw 1% formalin test was used to assess the effects. Rats were treated with local administration of pamabrom (200–800 µg/paw) or indomethacin (200–800 µg/paw). The antinociception of pamabrom or indomethacin was evaluated with and without the local pretreatment of the blockers. Local administration of pamabrom and indomethacin produced dose-dependent antinociception during the second phase of the test. Local pretreatment of the paws with naloxone (50 µg/paw), l-nitro-arginine methyl ester (10–100 µg/paw), or 1 H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazolo[4,2- a]quinoxalin-1-one (10–100 µg/paw) reverted the antinociception induced by local pamabrom, but not of indomethacin. Similarly, the K+ channel blockers glibenclamide, glipizide, 4-aminopyridine, tetraethylammonium, charybdotoxin, or apamin reverted the pamabrom-induced antinociception, but not of indomethacin. Metformin significantly blocked the antinociception of pamabrom and indomethacin. Our data suggest that pamabrom could activate the opioid receptor–NO–cGMP–K+ channel pathway to produce its peripheral antinociception in the formalin test. Likewise, a biguanide-dependent mechanism could be activated by pamabrom and indomethacin to generate antinociception.
Probing Higgs CP properties at the CEPC in the $$e^{+} e^{-} \rightarrow Z H \rightarrow l^{+} l^{-}H$$ using optimal variables
Authors: Sha Qiyu , Fadol Abdualazem , Guo Fangyi , Li Gang , Fang Yaquan , Gu Jiayin , Lou Xinchou 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), a measurement of the HiggsCPmixing through$$e^{+} e^{-} \rightarrow Z H \rightarrow l^{+} l^{-}(e^{+} e^{-} /\mu ^{+} \mu ^{-}) H(\rightarrow b \bar{b} / c \bar{c} / g g)$$e+e-→ZH→l+l-(e+e-/μ+μ-)H(→bb¯/cc¯/gg)process is presented, with$$5.6\ \text{ ab}^{-1}$$5.6ab-1$$e^{+} e^{-}$$e+e-collision data at the center-of-mass energy of$$240\ \textrm{GeV}$$240GeV. In this study, theCP-violating parameter$$\tilde{c}_{Z \gamma }$$c~Zγis constrained between the region of$$ -0.30$$-0.30and 0.27 and$$\tilde{c}_{Z Z}$$c~ZZbetween$$-0.06$$-0.06and 0.06 at$$68\%$$68%confidence level. This study demonstrates the great potential of probing HiggsCPproperties at the CEPC.
Position and momentum operators for a moving particle in bulk
Authors: Guo Wu-zhong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper we explore how to describe a bulk moving particle in the dual conformal field theories (CFTs). One aspect of this problem is to construct the dual state of the moving particle. On the other hand one should find the corresponding operators associated with the particle. The dynamics of the particle, i.e., the geodesic equation, can be formulated as a Hamiltonian system with canonical variables. The achievements of our paper are to construct the dual CFT states and the operators corresponding to the canonical variables. The expectation values of the operators give the expected solutions of the geodesic line, and the quantum commutators reduce to the classical Poisson brackets to leading order in the bulk gravitational coupling. Our work provides a framework to understand the geodesic equation, that is gravitational attraction, in the dual CFTs.
MemFHE: End-to-end Computing with Fully Homomorphic Encryption in Memory
Authors: Gupta Saransh , Cammarota Rosario , Šimunić Tajana 
Published: November 2022

The increasing amount of data and the growing complexity of problems have resulted in an ever-growing reliance on cloud computing. However, many applications, most notably in healthcare, finance, or defense, demand security and privacy, which today’s solutions cannot fully address. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) elevates the bar of today’s solutions by adding confidentiality of data during processing. It allows computation on fully encrypted data without the need for decryption, thus fully preserving privacy. To enable processing encrypted data at usable levels of classic security, e.g., 128-bit, the encryption procedure introduces noticeable data size expansion—the ciphertext is much bigger than the native aggregate of native data types. In this article, we present MemFHE, which is the first accelerator of both client and server for the latest Ring-GSW (Gentry et al. [
17
])-based homomorphic encryption schemes using Processing in Memory (PIM). PIM alleviates the data movement issues with large FHE encrypted data while providing in situ execution and extensive parallelism needed for FHE’s polynomial operations. While the client-PIM can homomorphically encrypt and decrypt data, the server-PIM can process homomorphically encrypted data without decryption. MemFHE’s server-PIM is pipelined and is designed to provide flexible bootstrapping, allowing two encryption techniques and various FHE security levels based on the application requirements. We evaluate MemFHE for various security levels and compare it with state-of-the-art CPU implementations for Ring-GSW-based FHE. MemFHE is up to 20
k
× (265×) faster than CPU (GPU) for FHE arithmetic operations and provides on average 2,007× higher throughput than [
36
] while implementing neural networks with FHE.
Algorithm 1031: MQSI—Monotone Quintic Spline Interpolation
Authors: Lux Thomas , Watson Layne T. , Chang Tyler , Thacker William 
Published: November 2022

MQSI is a Fortran 2003 subroutine for constructing monotone quintic spline interpolants to univariate monotone data. Using sharp theoretical monotonicity constraints, first and second derivative estimates at data provided by a quadratic facet model are refined to produce a univariate C
2
monotone interpolant. Algorithm and implementation details, complexity and sensitivity analyses, usage information, a brief performance study, and comparisons with other spline approaches are included.
Study on the Structure and Properties of SrTiO3 Modified K0.5Na0.5NbO3 lead-Free Ceramics with a Sintering Aid of NiO
Authors: Yin Qiyi , Zhang Xianzhao , Cheng Hengwen , Zheng Ruihua , Zhang Quanzheng , Yang Jie 
Published: November 2022

In this experiment, a new piezoelectric ceramic system (1-x)K0.5Na0.5NbO3-xSrTiO3−0.4%molNiO (abbreviated as KNNST) with high properties and density was obtained by using K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (abbreviated as KNN) as matrix, adding new component SrTiO3 and sintering aid NiO, and adopting traditional solid-state sintering process at lower sintering temperature. XRD, SEM and other modern test analysis show that when a small amount of sintering aid NiO is added, KNNST ceramic samples with SrTiO3 doping in the range of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.08 can form a single perovskite structure without any impurity phase. When 0.02 < x < 0.06, KNNST ceramics exist a polymorphic phase boundary (PPB) between orthorhombic and tetragonal phases, and thus excellent properties were obtained when x = 0.04, they are respectively d
33 = 287pC/N, k
p = 48%, ε
r = 1216, tanδ = 2.2%, T
C = 373°C, P
r = 26.5 μC cm−2, E
C = 2.06 kV mm−1. This shows that by introducing new component and adding sintering aid, a new phase boundary can be constructed, a new solid solution ceramic can be formed, and the compactness and electrical properties of the KNNST ceramics can be improved. This provides an effective way to improve the properties of KNN based piezoelectric ceramics, and also provides hope for practical applications.