bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Savez par qoy ay mis en rime de France… ? » Peut-on définir le style de Nicolas de Vérone ?
Authors: Lelong Chloé 
Published: November 2022

Au xive siècle, dans le nord-est de l’Italie, Nicolas de Vérone rédige en franco-italien trois chansons de geste d’inspiration différente : une Pharsale, qui réécrit sous forme d’épopée deux chapitres de la chronique médiévale des Fet des Romains, une Prise de Pampelune, qui est une continuation de L’Entrée d’Espagne, et une Passion, qui est une compilation des Évangiles. Son style, hérité des figures de pensée et de l’art rhétorique des jongleurs, est au service d’une vision du monde et de l’héroïsme novatrice, le personnage de César étant, par exemple, largement dénigré et l’impétuosité héroïque, condamnée. Mais l’écriture du Véronais se caractérise également par des pauses lyriques, dans lesquelles celui-ci explore diverses facettes des sentiments humains, et par une portée moralisante : la dimension didactique de ses textes s’appuie sur une formulation et des tournures parémiques.
The value proposition of efficiency discount options: The Government Employees Medical Scheme Emerald Value Option case study
Authors: Willie Michael M. , Childs Barry , Goolab Gunvant 
Published: November 2022

Background: Efficiency Discount Options (EDO) offer a contribution discount to medical scheme members in return for restriction to a contracted network of healthcare providers. The Government Employees Medical Scheme (GEMS) introduced an EDO named the Emerald Value Option (EVO) in January 2017. The option was introduced to contain the cost of care whilst simultaneously improve the quality of care by championing care coordination. Aim: This study aimed to assess the impact of introducing an EDO such as EVO as a cost-containment strategy using contracted provider networks and coordinated care. Setting: The study was conducted using aggregated data from GEMS. GEMS is a restricted medical scheme available to government employees in South Africa.Methods: This is a descriptive pairwise comparison study between the Emerald benefit option (the parent option), which does not have embedded care co-ordination, and its derivative, EVO. Comparisons are considered after risk adjustment. Risk adjustment is necessary to account for differences in the risk profile of beneficiaries. Risk adjustment factors include age, gender and the number of chronic conditions.Results: Membership and claims data for 2018 were analysed. Expenditure per life per month in 2018 on the EVO amounts to R1 357.01. After adjusting for the risk profile of beneficiaries on the EVO, expenditure per life per month would be expected to be R1 621.73 (based on the conventional Emerald option). This translates to a savings of 16.3%. Similarly, health outcomes for EVO were more favourable than expected, actual admission rates were lower at 23.2% vs. 26.2% expected, specialist visit rates were much lower at 0.51 vs the expected 0.62 visits per beneficiary annum, and lastly, the General practitioner (GP) consultations per specialist consultation were 6.67 compared to the expected 5.26 per beneficiary per annum.Conclusions: The EVO benefit design has succeeded in lowering the cost of care through network provider contracting and care coordination. The EVO has saved approximately R490 million in healthcare costs in 2018. If applied across the medical schemes industry, it is estimated that EVO contracting, and care coordination principles could save R20 billion per annum.
Histomorphological and Immunohistochemical Study of Dacomitinib-Induced Ileal Mucositis in Rats with the Possible Protection by Baicalin
Authors: Kandeel Samah , Estfanous Remon S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Gastrointestinal (GIT) mucositis is a common problem associated with chemotherapy. Dacomitinib is a chemotherapeutic drug that treats nonsmall cell lung cancer. It irreversibly binds to the receptors at the ileal epithelial cells, leading to mucosal injury. Baicalin (BA) is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antifibrosis, and antibarrier disruption properties.

Aim:
This work aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of BA on dacomitinib-induced ileal mucositis in rats by histological and immunohistochemical studies.

Materials and Methods:
60 Wistar rats (8–12 weeks) were used (180–200 g) and divided into 6 groups (10 rats each). Group 1: Control; Group 2 (dacomitinib): Rats received dacomitinib 7.5 mg/kg/day orally; Group 3 (dacomitinib + carboxyl methylcellulose [CMC]): Rats received dacomitinib 7.5 mg/kg/day and 0.5% CMC orally; Group 4 (dacomitinib + BA low dose): Rats received low-dose BA 30 mg/kg/day and 7.5 mg/kg/day dacomitinib orally; Group 5 (dacomitinib + BA mid dose): Rats received mid-dose BA 60 mg/kg/day and 7.5 mg/kg/day dacomitinib orally; Group 6 (dacomitinib + BA high dose): Rats received high-dose BA 100 mg/kg/day and 7.5 mg/kg/day dacomitinib orally.

Results:
Dacomitinib group showed short villi, desquamated epithelium, congested blood vessels, inflammatory cellular infiltrations, dilated lacteals, and wide spaces between the crypts. There is a significant increase in collagen fibers and number of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells. Further, there were lost epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) and epidermal growth factor receptor immunohistochemical reaction. The previous findings were ameliorated by BA in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion:
BA has a protective effect through its anti-inflammatory, antifibrosis, and antibarrier disruption effects. Hence, BA is considered as a promising new drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-associated GIT problems, especially dacomitinib.
Can Immunohistochemistry Replace Molecular Test in Diagnosing Mammary Analog Secretory Carcinoma?
Authors: Sahoo Nibedita , Mohapatra Debahuti , Lenka Anasuya , Patra Sukanya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mammary analog secretory carcinoma (MASC) is a distinct variant of rare, low-grade salivary gland carcinoma with characteristic genetic alteration and the ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion. MASC is recently described in the new WHO classification of head-and-neck tumors (4th edition, 2017). The tumor has the similar morphologic, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and molecular features of mammary secretory carcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells display strong positivity for CK7, mammaglobin, S100, MUC-4, and STAT5. In resource-constraint centers, IHC plays an important role in diagnosing MASC; however, cases with discrepancies between morphological and immunohistochemical expression, confirmation of ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene is a must. Herein, we describe this rare entity in a young female with parotid region swelling, which on gross examination was encapsulated and on microscopy had a predominant microcystic pattern comprising polygonal cells, which were immunopositive for S100, mammaglobin, and CK7 while negative for DOG 1. Based on these findings, a final diagnosis of MASC was rendered.
Validation of RapidPlan Knowledge-Based Model for Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ayuthaya Isra Israngkul Na , Suriyapee Sivalee , Sanghangthum Taweap 
Published: November 2022

Aims and Objectives:
This study aims to investigate the viability of using RapidPlan (RP) knowledge-based (KB) treatment plans to initiate the new prostate volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans.

Materials and Methods:
The planning data for 120 prostate VMAT treatment plans were entered into the RP system's database. The database of previous VMAT plans was divided into four model groups for training in the RP system. The models were based on the numbers of 20, 60, and 120 prostate VMAT plans. The model of 120 plans used automated priority and manual priority for the optimization process. The models of 20 and 60 plans used only manual priority for optimization. Each model was validated on 15 cases of new prostate cancer patients by comparing RP model plans against manual clinical plans optimized according to the clinical dose constraints.

Results:
The RP models can estimate the dose comparable target volume to the manual clinical plan, which evaluated values of Dmax, D95%, D98%, HI, and CI and showed comparable results. For the normal organ doses of the bladder, rectum, penile bulb, and femoral head, all RP models exhibited a comparable or better dose than the manual clinical plan, except for the RP models using the automated priority for the optimization process, which cannot control the rectum dose below the dose constraints.

Conclusions:
The Varian RP KB planning can produce comparable doses or better doses with the clinical manual in a single optimization, although the RP model uses a minimum requirement of the planning number for the model training. The RP models can enhance the efficacy and quality of plans, which depend on the number of VMAT plans used in RP model training for prostate cancer.
Monte Carlo Study on Dose Distributions Around 192Ir, 169Yb, and 125I Brachytherapy Sources Using EGSnrc-based egs_brachy User-code
Authors: Mishra Subhalaxmi , Mishra Bibekananda , Selvam T. Palani , Deshpande Sudesh , Pathan Munir Shabbir , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
As per the recommendations of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group 43, Monte Carlo (MC) investigators should reproduce previously published dose distributions whenever new features of the code are explored. The purpose of the present study is to benchmark the TG-43 dosimetric parameters calculated using the new MC user-code egs_brachy of EGSnrc code system for three different radionuclides 192Ir, 169Yb, and 125I which represent high-, intermediate-, and low-energy sources, respectively.

Materials and Methods:
Brachytherapy sources investigated in this study are high-dose rate (HDR) 192Ir VariSource (Model VS2000), 169Yb HDR (Model 4140), and 125I -low-dose-rate (LDR) (Model OcuProsta). The TG-43 dosimetric parameters such as air-kerma strength, S
k, dose rate constant, Λ, radial dose function, g(r) and anisotropy function, F(r,θ) and two-dimensional (2D) absorbed dose rate data (along-away table) are calculated in a cylindrical water phantom of mass density 0.998 g/cm3 using the MC code egs_brachy. Dimensions of phantom considered for 192Ir VS2000 and 169Yb sources are 80 cm diameter ×80 cm height, whereas for 125I OcuProsta source, 30 cm diameter ×30 cm height cylindrical water phantom is considered for MC calculations.

Results:
The dosimetric parameters calculated using egs_brachy are compared against the values published in the literature. The calculated values of dose rate constants from this study agree with the published values within statistical uncertainties for all investigated sources. Good agreement is found between the egs_brachy calculated radial dose functions, g(r), anisotropy functions, and 2D dose rate data with the published values (within 2%) for the same phantom dimensions. For 192Ir VS2000 source, difference of about 28% is observed in g(r) value at 18 cm from the source which is due to differences in the phantom dimensions.

Conclusion:
The study validates TG-43 dose parameters calculated using egs_brachy for 192Ir, 169Yb, and 125I brachytherapy sources with the values published in the literature.
Development of a Fast Fourier Transform-based Analytical Method for COVID-19 Diagnosis from Chest X-Ray Images Using GNU Octave
Authors: Majumder Durjoy 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
Many artificial intelligence-based computational procedures are developed to diagnose COVID-19 infection from chest X-ray (CXR) images, as diagnosis by CXR imaging is less time consuming and economically cheap compared to other detection procedures. Due to unavailability of skilled computer professionals and high computer architectural resource, majority of the employed methods are difficult to implement in rural and poor economic settings. Majority of such reports are devoid of codes and ignores related diseases (pneumonia). The absence of codes makes limitation in applying them widely. Hence, validation testing followed by evidence-based medical practice is difficult. The present work was aimed to develop a simple method that requires a less computational expertise and minimal level of computer resource, but with statistical inference.

Materials and Methods:
A Fast Fourier Transform-based (FFT) method was developed with GNU Octave, a free and open-source platform. This was employed to the images of CXR for further analysis. For statistical inference, two variables, i.e., the highest peak and number of peaks in the FFT distribution plot were considered.

Results:
The comparison of mean values among different groups (normal, COVID-19, viral, and bacterial pneumonia [BP]) showed statistical significance, especially when compared to normal, except between viral and BP groups.

Conclusion:
Parametric statistical inference from our result showed high level of significance (P < 0.001). This is comparable to the available artificial intelligence-based methods (where accuracy is about 94%). Developed method is easy, availability with codes, and requires a minimal level of computer resource and can be tested with a small sample size in different demography, and hence, be implemented in a poor socioeconomic setting.
Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Putative Senescence Associated Gene 21 in Stevia Rebaudiana Accession MS007
Authors: Mustafa Nur Farhana , Mohamad Nazar Siti Noor Eliana , Rahim Zabirah Abdul , Samsulrizal Nurul Hidayah 
Published: November 2022

Background:

Stevia rebaudiana is a perennial semi-shrub plant which comes from the Asteraceae family, with an approximate height of around 30 cm. The leaves of Stevia are small, elliptic, and serrated, measuring 2 to 4 cm long. It has been used commercially as a natural sweetener in Japan due to the steviol glycosides (SGs) content in the leaves. The stevioside content is 300 times sweeter than sucrose. It has non-nutritive values, which is good for diabetes and obesity patients. The SGs content in Stevia can be improved by increasing light exposure (long day condition). The Senescence Associated Gene 21 (SAG21) gene is one of the interesting genes to be identified and discovered in Stevia.

Aims and Objectives:
The objectives of this research were to identify and characterise the SAG21 gene using in silico analysis.

Materials and Methods:
These data analyses were obtained using ExPASy, blastP, InterPro, Pfam, TMHMM, ProtParam, and MEGA software.

Results:
Putative SAG21 MS007 showed high homology with the SAG21 gene in Helianthus annuus with a high percentage of identity, which was 80.90%. It also confirmed that the putative SAG21 MS007 protein contained the domain LEA_3. It was usually found in land plants and accumulated heavily in the last stage of seed formation. ProtParam analysis found that the putative SAG21 protein was a stable globular protein. TMHMM analysis predicted that this protein is a hydrophilic protein and is located outside of transmembrane helices.

Conclusion:
The phylogenetic tree showed that the putative SAG21 MS007 gene had a close relationship with the SAG21 protein of H. annuus, with a bootstrap value of more than 70%.
Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Induction Activity of Protein Isolated from Blood Clam (Anadara (Tegillarca) granosa, Linnaeus 1758) Against Breast Cancer t47d Cell Line
Authors: Ardi Putra Faruk Rokhman , Setyabudi Rebekah J , Wijayanti Nastiti , Indah Budhy Theresia S 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Cancer has become a major cause of death today. These risk factors are also balanced with the development of drugs, one of which comes from nature. Medical products derived from natural resources such as blood clam (Anadara (tegillarca) granosa) have been already developed. Crude protein extracted from blood calm contains a 20-kDa protein which had been known to be able to inhibit the growth of HT-29 cell line.

Purpose:
This study aimed to determine cytotoxic activity and apoptotic effect of crude protein which is isolated from blood calm against breast cancer T47d cell line.

Materials and Methods:
This study used the ammonium sulfate precipitation method for the isolation of a crude protein of blood clams. MTT assay method was performed to determine cytotoxicity and to know the value of IC50, apoptosis test qualitatively and quantitatively was done by double-staining using ethidium bromide and acridine orange as well as flow cytometric dye using annexin V dyes and propidium iodide.

Findings:
Crude protein clams of blood have IC50 value of 11.11μg/ml and can induce apoptosis of breast cancer cell line (T47D) at 15 μg/ml concentration by double-staining method, but the calculation with flow cytometry method still shows different results in this study.

Research Limitations:
This study observed the inhibitory concentration of crude extract consisting of proteins with various molecular weights against the t47d cell line.

Originality:
The results of this study indicate that crude protein clams are cytotoxic and can induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines (T47D).
Prevalence and outcomes associated with hypocalcaemia and hypercalcaemia among pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients with mineral and bone disorder
Authors: Yong Mei Hui Amanda , Seng Jun Jie Benjamin , Tan Ying Lin Cheryl , Wong Jiunn , How Priscilla 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disease (CKD-MBD) is a complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) involving derangements in serum calcium and phosphate. This study aims to evaluate hypo- and hypercalcaemia and their associated outcomes among pre-dialysis CKD patients.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was performed and included all adult CKD stage 4–stage 5 patients who were on treatment for CKD-MBD between 2016 and 2017. Each patient was followed up for 3 years. Hypo- and hypercalcaemia were defined as serum corrected calcium (Ca2+) <2.10 and >2.46 mmol/L, respectively. Outcomes evaluated included all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was done to evaluate the association of hypocalcaemia and/or hypercalcaemia with the clinical outcomes. Severity of hypocalcaemia episode was classified as ‘mild’ (Ca2+: between 1.90 and 2.10 mmol/L) and ‘severe’ (Ca2+: <1.90 mmol/L). Severity of hypercalcaemia was classified as ‘mild’ (Ca2+: between 2.47 and 3.00 mmol/L), moderate (Ca2+: between 3.01 and 3.50 mmol/L) and severe (Ca2+: >3.50 mmol/L).

Results:
Of the 400 patients, 169 (42.2%) and 94 (23.5%) patients experienced hypocalcaemia and hypercalcaemia, respectively. Severe hypocalcaemia was more prevalent in CKD stage 5 compared to CKD stage 4 (96 [40.5%] vs. 36 [25.9%], P = 0.004). Results from multivariate analyses after adjustment showed that hypocalcaemia and/or hypercalcaemia were not associated with all-cause mortality (P > 0.05) or the occurrence of cardiovascular events (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Hypocalcaemia and hypercalcaemia episodes were prevalent among pre-dialysis CKD patients. Studies with longer follow-up durations are required to assess the effects of calcium derangements on clinical outcomes.
Analysis of read speed latency in 6T‐SRAM cell using multi‐layered graphene nanoribbon and cu based nano‐interconnects for high performance memory circuit design
Authors: Bhattacharya Sandip , Hussain Mohammed Imran , Ajayan John , Tayal Shubham , Joseph Louis Maria Irudaya Leo , Kollem Sreedhar , Desai Usha , Ahmed Syed Musthak , Janapati Ravichander 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, we designed a 6T‐SRAM cell using 16‐nm CMOS process and analyzed the performance in terms of read‐speed latency. The temperature‐dependent Cu and multilayered graphene nanoribbon (MLGNR)‐based nano‐interconnect materials is used throughout the circuit (primarily bit/bit‐bars [red lines] and word lines [write lines]). Here, the read speed analysis is performed with four different chip operating temperatures (150K, 250K, 350K, and 450K) using both Cu and graphene nanoribbon (GNR) nano‐interconnects with different interconnect lengths (from 10 μm to 100 μm), for reading‐0 and reading‐1 operations. To execute the reading operation, the CMOS technology, that is, the16‐nm PTM‐HPC model, and the16‐nm interconnect technology, that is, ITRS‐13, are used in this application. The complete design is simulated using TSPICE simulation tools (by Mentor Graphics). The read speed latency increases rapidly as interconnect length increases for both Cu and GNR interconnects. However, the Cu interconnect has three to six times more latency than the GNR. In addition, we observe that the reading speed latency for the GNR interconnect is ~10.29 ns for wide temperature variations (150K to 450K), whereas the reading speed latency for the Cu interconnect varies between ~32 ns and 65 ns for the same temperature ranges. The above analysis is useful for the design of next generation, high‐speed memories using different nano‐interconnect materials.
Assessment of Premenstrual Syndrome and Coping Strategies among Female Students of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Akpoigho Enuku Christie , Ukamaka Nwankwo Clementina 
Published: November 2022

There are several health problems associated with menstruation. One of the most common problems is premenstrual syndrome which occurs when the premenstrual symptoms are severe enough to disturb the quality of life of a woman.
Aim: The study aimed to determine the common premenstrual symptoms, various coping strategies, and health-seeking behaviours adopted by female students in the School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Method: Cross-sectional design was adopted for the study. The questionnaire was used for the collection of data; a multistage sampling technique was adopted to select three hundred and ten (310) students from the four (4) departments proportionately. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse data collected using SPSS version 21.0.
Results: The result showed that the most common premenstrual syndrome was mood swing 240 (77.7%), irritability 184(59.5%), fatigue 181(59.5%), and breast tenderness 171(55.3%). The degree of the menstrual syndrome was low 241(78.0%), moderate 206(66.7%). Common coping strategies were resting 206(66.9%), sleeping 200(64.7%), accepting the process as natural 148(47.9%), and the majority 273(88.3%) had negative health-seeking behaviour. Findings of the hypotheses testing revealed that there is no significant relationship between students’ age and premenstrual syndrome and no significant association between premenstrual syndrome and course of study.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the respondents experienced low to moderate degrees of the menstrual syndrome. Resting, sleeping, and accepting the process as natural were common coping strategies, and health-seeking behaviour was poor. Recommendations: Periodic health education programmes should be encouraged to involve active coping behaviours such as regular aerobic exercises, muscle strengthening, and slow breathing exercises. Students should be encouraged to have positive health-seeking behaviour.