bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IS ESPORTS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED HEALTH RISKS? A CROSS-SECTIONAL COMPARISON OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN PREVALENCE AMONG YOUNG DANISH ESPORTS PLAYERS AND HANDBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Hansen Frederik Sand , Lyngs Mathias , Lauridsen Mathias Dyg Hyllested , Straszek Christian Lund 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal (MSK) pain and extensive training volume among professional and amateur esport players. MSK pain has been found to limit esports participation in 6% of players. Further, there is an increasing concern that the training volume may lead to activity-limiting burnout in esports. However, it remains to be investigated if MSK pain and activity-limiting burnout is more prevalent in esports compared to traditional sports such as handball. The objectives were 1) to compare MSK pain prevalence between esports players and handball players and 2) to investigate if MSK pain is associated with training volume in the two groups.MethodsEligible players had to engage in either structured esports or handball and be 15-25 years of age to participate in this questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. Esports players had to engage in esports primarily through a computer-based game. Demographic data, self-reported MSK pain prevalence, training volume, sleep patterns, physical activity level and activity-limiting pain and burnout were obtained through online questionnaires. The primary outcome was any MSK pain during the previous week (yes/no).Results76 esports players and 175 handball players were included. 48% of esports players and 80% of handball players experienced MSK pain during the previous week. The likelihood of MSK pain was significantly lower in esport compared to handball (OR 0.24, 95%CI [0.13-0.43], Chi2 p-value < 0.001). No significant differences in training volume among participants with or without MSK pain were found in neither esports (p-value = 0.727) nor in handball (p-value = 0.128). There was a significant difference in training volume with esports player practicing for additional 12 hours per week compared to handball players (p-value < 0.001). The occurrence of activity-limiting burnout was high in both esports (34%) and handball (37%).ConclusionThese findings suggest that young esports players are not at increased health risk in terms of experiencing MSK pain compared to young players participating in handball. This despite esports players practiced their activity for 12 hours more per week compared to handball players. More than 1 in every 3 had experienced activity-limiting burnout in both esports and handball despite a significant difference in weekly training volume. This indicate that other factors besides type of activity and training volume may influence the occurrence of activity-limiting burnout.
Exploring patient acceptability of emerging intravitreal therapies for Geographic Atrophy: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Enoch Jamie , Ghulakhszian Arevik , Sekhon Mandeep , Crabb David P. , Taylor Deanna J. , Dinah Christiana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe acceptability of emerging intravitreal therapies for patients with Geographic Atrophy (GA) is currently unknown. This study therefore aimed to: investigate whether regular intravitreal injections will be acceptable as treatment for GA patients; identify which attributes of current treatments in late stage development patients find less acceptable; and explore whether patient-related factors influence GA treatment acceptability.DesignExploratory, cross-sectional, mixed-methods study.Participants30 UK-based individuals with GA secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), recruited from two London-based hospitals, interviewed in April-October 2021.MethodsParticipants responded to a structured questionnaire, as well as open-ended questions in a semi-structured interview. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric measures of correlation. Qualitative data were analysed using the framework method of analysis, informed by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability.Main outcome measuresMain quantitative measures were Likert-type scale responses about acceptability of GA treatments. Qualitative outcomes of interest related to participants’ hopes, concerns and understanding of the proposed new intravitreal treatments for GA.ResultsTwenty participants (67%) were female, and median (interquartile range (IQR)) age was 83 (78, 87) years. 37% of participants had foveal centre-involving GA, and better eye median (IQR) logMAR visual acuity was 0.30 (0.17, 0.58). Data suggested that 18 participants (60% (95% CI: 41-79%)) would accept the treatment if offered today, despite their awareness of potential drawbacks. Eight participants (27% (95% CI: 10-43%) were ambivalent or undecided about treatment, and four (13%) (95% CI: 0-26%) would be unlikely to accept treatment. Reducing the frequency of injections from monthly to every other month increased the proportion of participants who considered the treatments acceptable.Qualitative data indicated that participants’ prioritisation of continuation with vision-specific activities influenced treatment acceptability. Conversely, factors limiting acceptability clustered around: the limited magnitude of treatment efficacy; concerns about side effects or the increased risk of neovascular AMD; and the logistical burden of regular clinic visits for intravitreal injections. Misunderstandings of potential benefits indicate the need for appropriately designed patient education tools to support decision-making.ConclusionsOur study suggests a majority of participants would be positive about intravitreal treatment for GA, in spite of potential burdens.
STUNTING PREVENTION BASED ON HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL FROM PERSPECTIVE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Ain Hurun , Pandin Moses Glorino , Arief Yuni Sufyanti 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionStunting is one of the biggest nutritional problems in toddlers in Indonesia which is based on Nutrition Status Monitoring (PSG) data for the last three years. The factor that has a large influence on the incidence of stunting is the pattern of parental care when the child is at the age of 0-59 months. The aim of this study is to study stunting prevention from the perspective of the theory of health promotion modelMethodThis study uses a literature review using PICOS framework. Articles were searched from 3 databases, namely PubMed, Sciencedirect, Proquest. The keywords used in the literature search were: 1) ((Stunting prevention) AND (pender’s) OR (health promotion model), 2) Stunting prevention AND pender’s OR health promotion model; 3) stunting prevention. The search is limited to publications in 2018-2022, free full text, in English, not Reviews. Then selected using the PRISMA diagram and obtained 14 articles. Quality assessment of 14 articles using JBI Critical Appraisal tools.ResultSeven articles stated that the determinant factor of stunting was the low education of parents (mothers) which resulted in poor parenting of children. Seven articles discussing the Health Promotion Model (HPM) theory can be used as a guide in providing education to improve health promotion.Conclusiongood parenting behavior can be improved by increasing mother’s knowledge through providing education using HPM theory as a basis
Responding to disruption: Exploring the transition to telehealth in mental-health occupational therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Duffy Aislinn , Boyle Bryan , Gorman Eoin , Hayes Sarah 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundCOVID-19 presented significant challenges for occupational therapy (OT) services in Ireland. Public health guidelines necessitated a transition of services from face-to-face delivery to the use of telehealth modalities. Telehealth has yet to be extensively researched within mental health OT, with a particular need for an increased understanding of therapeutic processes when conducted remotely.AimTo explore the experiences of occupational therapists transitioning to telehealth service provision.Material and MethodsThis study employed a qualitative, descriptive design to examine the experiences of therapists transitioning from face-to-face to telehealth services within a mental health service. Data was collected using comprehensive, semi-structured interviews with four participants and analysed thematically.ResultsThis study yielded three major themes: 1) responding to disruption, 2) reconsidering practice with technology and 3) therapeutic use of the ‘virtual self’.ConclusionsAdaptation to telehealth provision requires planned, gradual transition but offers unique opportunities for therapeutic engagement. How space is considered in therapy as well as therapists’ communication styles are components of practice which are altered when conducted remotely.SignificanceThe disruption caused by COVID-19 presented opportunities for considering the delivery of OT services. As services emerge from social restrictions it is likely that their recent experiences will be utilised in reconfiguring the future delivery of mental-health OT services.
ELISL: Early-Late Integrated Synthetic Lethality Prediction in Cancer
Authors: Tepeli Yasin , Seale Colm , Gonçalves Joana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnti-cancer therapies based on synthetic lethality (SL) exploit tumor vulnerabilities for treatment with reduced side effects. Since simultaneous loss-of-function of SL genes causes cell death, tumors with known gene disruptions can be treated by targeting SL partners. Computational selection of promising SL candidates amongst all gene combinations is key to expedite experimental screening. However, current SL prediction models: (i) only use tissue type-specific molecular data, which can be scarce/noisy, limiting performance for some cancers; and (ii) often rely on shared SL patterns across genes, showing sensitivity to prevalent gene selection bias. We propose ELISL, Early-Late Integrated models for SL prediction using forest ensembles. ELISL models ignore shared SL patterns, and integrate context-specific data from cancer cell lines or tumor tissue with context-free functional associations derived from protein sequence. ELISL outperformed existing methods and was more robust to selection bias in 8 cancer types, with prominent contribution from sequence. We found better survival for patients whose tumors carried simultaneous mutations in a BRCA gene together with an ELISL-predicted SL gene from the HH, FGF, or WNT families. ELISL thus arises as a promising strategy to discover SL interactions with therapeutic potential.
Mitochondrial metabolism and body condition of naturally infected sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus)
Authors: Mélançon Vincent , Breton Sophie , Bettinazzi Stefano , Levet Marie , Binning Sandra A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParasites can affect host behavior, cognition, locomotion, body condition and many other physiological traits. Changes to host aerobic metabolism are likely responsible for these parasite-induced performance alterations. Whole-organism metabolic rate is underpinned by cellular energy metabolism driven most prominently by the mitochondria. However, few studies have explored how mitochondrial enzymatic activity relates to body condition and parasite infection despite being a putative site for metabolic disruptions related to health status. We studied correlations among natural parasite infection, host body condition and the activity of key mitochondrial enzymes in target organs from wild-caught pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) to better understand the cellular responses of fish hosts to endoparasite infection. Enzymatic activities in the gills, spleen, and brain of infected fish were not significantly related to parasite infection or host body condition. However, the activity of cytochrome C oxidase, an enzyme involved in oxidative phosphorylation, in fish hearts was higher in individuals with lower body condition. Activities of citrate synthase, complexes I and III and carnitine palmitoyltransferase were also significantly different among organ types. These results provide preliminary information regarding the likely mitochondrial pathways affecting host body condition, the maintenance energetic requirements of different organs and their specific dependency on particular mitochondrial pathways. These results help pave the way for future studies on the effects of parasite infection on mitochondrial metabolism.
Genomic glucocorticoid receptor effects guide acute stress-induced delayed anxiety and basolateral amygdala spine plasticity in rats
Authors: Novaes Leonardo S. , Bueno-de-Camargo Leticia M. , Shigeo-de-Almeida Amadeu , Juliano Vitor A. L. , Goosens Ki , Munhoz Carolina D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnxiety, a state related to anticipatory fear, can be adaptive in the face of environmental threats or stressors. However, anxiety can also become persistent and manifest as anxiety-and stress-related disorders, such as generalized anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In rodents, systemic administration of glucocorticoids (GCs) or short-term restraint stress induces anxiety-like behaviors and dendritic branching within the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) ten days later. Additionally, increased arousal-related memory retention mediated by elevated GCs requires concomitant noradrenaline (NE) signaling, both acting in the BLA. It is unknown whether GCs and NE play a role in the delayed acute stress-induced effects on behavior and BLA dendritic plasticity. Here, inhibiting corticosterone (CORT) elevation during two hours of restraint stress prevents stress-induced increases in delayed anxiety-like behavior and BLA dendritic spine density in rats. Also, we show that the delayed acute stress-induced effects on behavior and morphological alterations are critically dependent on genomic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) actions in the BLA. Unlike CORT, the pharmacological enhancement of NE signaling in the BLA was insufficient to drive delayed anxiety-related behavior. Nonetheless, the delayed anxiety-like behavior ten days after acute stress requires NE signaling in the BLA during stress exposure. Therefore, we define the essential roles of two stress-related hormones for the late stress consequences, acting at two separate times: CORT, via GR, immediately during stress and NE, via beta-adrenoceptors, during the expression of delayed anxiety.Significance StatementThe dysregulation in orchestrating and finetuning major stress-related neural circuitries leads to enhanced reactivity and other altered ways of coping with threatening situations, predisposing humans to multiple psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and PTSD. Given the tremendous burden of affective disorders, we must advance our understanding of stress neurobiology and translate this into improved treatments. Here we showed that the absence of neuronal genomic GR signaling in the BLA prevented delayed effects on anxiety-like behavior and dendritic spine density ten days after stressor exposure. We also demonstrate that CORT, via GR and immediately at stress and NE, via beta-adrenoceptors, during the expression of delayed behavior contribute to the late stress consequences.
Identification of Ensifer meliloti genes required for survival during peat-based bioinoculant maturation by STM-seq
Authors: Lozano Mauricio J. , Mogro Ezequiel G. , Salas M. Eugenia , Erdozain Sofía A. , Zuber Nicolás E. , Becker Anke , Lagares Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRhizobial inoculants are sold either as rhizobia within a liquid matrix; or as rhizobia adhered to granules composed of peat prill or finely ground peat moss. During the production of peat-based inoculants, immediately after mixing the rhizobia culture with partially dry sterile peat, the inoculant is stored for a period of 4-5 weeks, inducing a series of changes that results in an increased capability of the rhizobia to survive in the seeds. The number of viable rhizobia on preinoculated seeds at the point of sale, however, is often a limiting factor, as is the inefficiency of the inoculant bacteria to compete with the local rhizobia for the host colonization. In the present work, we used STM-seq for the genomewide screening of Ensifer meliloti mutants affected in the survival during the maturation of peat-based inoculant formulations. Through this approach, we identified hundreds of genes that proved to be relevant to this process. These results also provide a base knowledge that could be used to more completely understand the survival mechanisms used by rhizobia during the maturation of peat-based inoculants, as well as for the design of new inoculant formulations.HighlightsRhizobial inoculants provide an ecological means of nitrogen fertilization compatible with the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices. Their successful usage, however, suffers from two main limitations: the low number of viable rhizobia on preinoculated seeds at the point of sale, and the inefficiency to compete with the local rhizobia for host colonization. Here, we used a high-throughput mutant-screening technology, STM-seq, to uncover which rhizobial genes are involved in the rhizobial survival during the preparation and storage of peat-based inoculant formulations. Our findings provide useful information about the stresses faced by rhizobia during peat-inoculant maturation and storage, which could assist both for the selection of better rhizobial strains, and for the improvement of the inoculant formulations.Graphical Abstract
Heat Hardening of a Larval Amphibian is Dependent on Acclimation Period and Temperature
Authors: Dallas Jason , Warne Robin W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe thermal tolerance–plasticity trade-off hypothesis states that acclimation to warmer environments increases basal thermal tolerance in ectotherms but reduces plasticity in coping with acute thermal stress characterized as heat hardening. We examined the potential trade-off between basal heat tolerance and hardening plasticity, measured as critical thermal maximum (CTmax) of a larval amphibian, Lithobates sylvaticus, in response to differing acclimation temperatures (15° and 25°C) and periods (3 or 7 days). A hardening treatment applied 2 hours before CTmax assays induced pronounced plastic hardening responses in the cool, 15°C treatment after 7 days of acclimation, compared to controls. Warm acclimated larvae at 25°C, by contrast, exhibited minor hardening responses, but significantly increased basal thermal tolerance. These results support the trade-off hypothesis and fill a knowledge gap in larval amphibian thermal plasticity. Elevated environmental temperatures induce acclimation in heat tolerance yet constrains ectotherm capacity to cope with further acute thermal stress.Summary StatementA larval amphibian follows the trade-off hypothesis such that the group with the highest basal heat tolerance displays the lowest hardening response and vice-versa.
Comparison of Mitogenomic and Mitochondrial Markers for the Phylogenetic and Evolutionary Study of Marmosets, with special focus on captive Callithrix jacchus
Authors: Fonseca João L.G. , del Rosario Ricardo C. H. , de Oliveira Maria Adélia Borstelmann , Feng Guoping , Igayara Claudia S. , McCarroll Steven A. , Nicola Patricia A. , Pereira Luiz C. M. , Rogers Jeffery , Roos Christian , Malukiewicz Joanna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMarmosets, especially Callithrix jacchus, are becoming valuable, high-demand biomedical models but their supply outside of their native Brazil is limited. Thus, uncovering the ancestry and biogeographic origins of captive marmosets is an essential task to optimize their biomedical use. Such information facilitates assessing standing levels of captive marmoset genetic diversity, identifying hybrids, and maintaining genetic diversity of captive marmoset populations. Here, we present 16 newly sequenced mitochondrial genomes from marmosets with C. jacchus phenotypes from international biomedical and animal supply facilities. We combine these new data with publicly available sequences to compare usage of mitogenome and the mtDNA control region for determining the ancestry and diversity of captive marmosets. MtDNA control region and mitogenome haplotypes from all 16 newly sequenced marmosets grouped within C. jacchus phylogenetic clades. Overall, phylogenies based on mitogenomes rather than the control region showed better resolved branching patterns with stronger statistical support within C. jacchus clades. However, both mtDNA markers show that C. jacchus is the sister clade to the phylogenetic C. penicillata Caatinga biome clade. Callithrix jacchus mtDNA control region haplotypes showed the highest haplotype and nucleotide diversity, and were intermediate in terms of per sequence theta and polymorphic sites. The larger number of available Callithrix mtDNA control region sequences relative to mitogenomes was used to determine ancestral mtDNA haplotype biogeographic origins. However, biogeographic origins for many C. jacchus haplotypes including those from international captive facilities could not be determined, which we attributed to unknown provenance information from natural C. jacchus populations. Given our results, we encourage increased sampling and genomic sequencing efforts for natural C. jacchus populations in Brazil, and utilizing the mitogenome over other mtDNA markers for phylogenetic-based analyses. Further, combining marmoset mitogenomic data with phenotypic and nuclear genomic data will greatly enhance the biomedical use of marmosets.
Novel mitochondrial genome rearrangements including duplications and extensive heteroplasmy could underlie temperature adaptations in Antarctic Notothenioid Fishes
Authors: Minhas Bushra Fazal , Beck Emily A. , Cheng C.-H. Christina , Catchen Julian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMitochondrial genomes are known for their compact size and conserved gene order, however, recent studies employing long-read sequencing technologies have revealed the presence of atypical mitogenomes in some species. In this study, we assembled and annotated the mitogenomes of five Antarctic notothenioids, including four icefishes (Champsocephalus gunnari, C. esox, Chaenocephalus aceratus, andPseudochaenuchthys georgianus) and the cold-specializedTrematomus borchgrevinki. Antarctic notothenioids are known to harbor some rearrangements in their mt genomes, however the extensive duplications in icefishes observed in our study have never been reported before. In the icefishes, we observed duplications of the protein coding geneND6, two transfer RNAs, and the control region with different copy number variants present within the same individuals and with someND6duplications appearing to follow the canonical Duplication-Degeneration-Complementation (DDC) model inC. esoxandC. gunnari. In addition, using long-read sequencing and k-mer analysis, we were able to detect extensive heteroplasmy inC. aceratusandC. esox. We also observed a large inversion in the mitogenome ofT. borchgrevinki, along with the presence of tandem repeats in its control region. This study is the first in using long-read sequencing to assemble and identify structural variants and heteroplasmy in notothenioid mitogenomes and signifies the importance of long-reads in resolving complex mitochondrial architectures. Identification of such wide-ranging structural variants in the mitogenomes of these fishes could provide insight into the genetic basis of the atypical icefish mitochondrial physiology and more generally may provide insights about their potential role in cold adaptation.