bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wet Deposition Fluxes of Mineral Dust and Their Relation With Cold Pools in the Central Sahel
Authors: Audoux T. , Laurent B. , Marticorena B. , Bergametti G. , Rajot J. L. , Féron A. , Gaimoz C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBased on a large number of in‐situ measurements performed over a 9‐years period in two Sahelian stations, we investigate the drivers of the dust wet deposition in relation to the meteorological situations and the PM10 (Particulate Matter with diameter lower than 10 μm) surface concentrations. Precipitation associated with cold pools (CP) contribute to more than 90% of the precipitation amount associated with the collected wet deposition samples. The wet deposition events associated with these CP control by far the wet deposition, that is, 66% and 81%, depending on the station. The dust washout ratios (WR) corresponding to the most convective events under high level of dust concentrations were found to be in the range of 319–766 while WR of other kind of events are depending on the dilution effect. This range of value are in the lower range of WR previously estimated and used in dust modeling studies (200–2000).
Rice husk ash addition to acid red soil improves the soil property and cotton seedling growth
Authors: Yin Mengyao , Li Xuan , Liu Qian , Tang Feiyu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRed soil is characterized by poor physico-chemical properties and low nutrient availability. The present study aimed to examine rich husk ash (RHA) incorporation into red soil at various rates effects on its properties and the growth of cotton seedlings under a plug-seeding in tray experiment. Bulk density was decreased, and water holding capacity and total porosity were increased in red soil with increasing application rate of RHA. The addition of RHA counteracts the acidity of red soil and improves the nutrient availability to plants. The RHA incorporated soils favored the growth of cotton seedlings with improved shoot morphological traits and root architectures. The application rate at a volume ratio of 1:1 of RHA to red soil was found to be optimal for growing cotton seedlings in the present study. The mixture of RHA and red soil at a 1:1 volume ratio plus 2 g L−1 super absorbent polymers exhibited a high nursing seedling efficiency comparable to a commercial growing media under the condition of foliar application of mepiquat chloride at the one-true-leaf stage. RHA can be a promising substitute for peat as growing media for nursing cotton seedlings.
Ovarian toxicity of carboplatin and paclitaxel in mouse carriers of mutation in BRIP1 tumor suppressor gene
Authors: Ntemou E. , Vidal P. Diaz , Alexandri C. , Van den Steen G. , Lambertini M. , Demeestere I. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMore than 10% of women diagnosed with breast cancer during reproductive age carry hereditary germline pathogenic variants in high-penetrance BRCA genes or in others genes involved in DNA repair mechanisms such as PALB2, BRIP or ATM. Anticancer treatments may have an additional negative impact on the ovarian reserve and subsequently on the fertility of young patients carrying such mutations. Recently, the combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel is being recommended to these BRCA-mutated patients as neoadjuvant therapy. However, the impact on the ovary is unknown. Here, we investigated their effect of on the ovarian reserve using mice carriers of BRCA1-interacting protein C-terminal helicase-1 (BRIP1) mutation that plays an important role in BRCA1-dependent DNA repair. Results revealed that the administration of carboplatin or paclitaxel did not affect the ovarian reserve although increased DNA double-strand breaks were observed with carboplatin alone. Co-administration of carboplatin and paclitaxel resulted in a significant reduction of the ovarian reserve leading to a lower IVF performance, and an activation of the PI3K-Pten pathway, irrespective of the genetic background. This study suggests that co-administration of carboplatin and paclitaxel induces cumulative ovarian damage and infertility but a heterozygote genetic predisposition for DNA damage related to BRCA1 gene function does not increase this risk.
Ecology and genetic structure of the invasive spotted lanternfly Lycorma delicatula in Japan where its distribution is slowly expanding
Authors: Nakashita Ayano , Wang Yayun , Lu Sihan , Shimada Keisuke , Tsuchida Tsutomu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLycorma delicatulahas expanded its distribution from China to Japan, Korea, and the USA, causing significant economic damage to vineyards in the latter two countries. However, in Japan,L. delicatulahas long been limited to the Hokuriku region, central Japan, and no significant damage to crops has been reported since it was first reported there in 2009. Manipulation experiments and field observations in the Hokuriku region, where winter precipitation is extremely high, revealed that egg numbers and hatchability were significantly reduced in exposed places, especially when wax was excluded from the egg mass. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the population in Japan could be divided into at least two groups. MostL. delicatulasamples from Hokuriku formed a clade with those from northwestern China. Samples from Okayama, where the distribution ofL. delicatulawas recently confirmed, had the same haplotype as those from central China, Korea, and the USA. These results suggest that environmental factors and genetic characteristics ofL. delicatulaare involved in the relatively slow expansion of its distribution in Hokuriku. Conversely, in Okayama, where precipitation is relatively low, the rapidly increasing haplotype in Korea and the USA was detected, leading to concerns that its distribution will expand further.
Financial markets’ deterministic aspects modeled by a low-dimensional equation
Authors: Orlando Giuseppe , Bufalo Michele , Stoop Ruedi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe ask whether empirical finance market data (Financial Stress Index, swap and equity, emerging and developed, corporate and government, short and long maturity), with their recently observed alternations between calm periods and financial turmoil, could be described by a low-dimensional deterministic model, or whether this requests a stochastic approach. We find that a deterministic model performs at least as well as one of the best stochastic models, but may offer additional insight into the essential mechanisms that drive financial markets.
Selection constrains lottery assembly in the microbiomes of closely related diatom species
Authors: Stock Willem , Willems Anne , Mangelinckx Sven , Vyverman Wim , Sabbe Koen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It is generally recognised that interactions between microalgae and bacteria play an important role in the functioning of marine ecosystems. In this context, increasing attention is paid to the processes that shape microalga-associated microbiomes. In recent years, conflicting evidence has been reported with respect to the relative importance of selective vs neutral processes in the assembly process. Whereas some studies report strong selection imposed by the host, others propose a more neutral, lottery-like assembly model according to which the chance of bacteria becoming part of the microbiome is proportional to their abundance in the environment and not driven by the selectional pressure created by the host. In the present study, we investigated to what degree selective vs neutral assembly processes constrain taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional variation within and between microbiomes associated with 69 isolates belonging to the Cylindrotheca closterium benthic marine diatom complex. The diatom cultures were initiated from non-axenic clonal isolates from different marine environments and geographic locations, and were then reared in a common garden (lab) environment. An important environmental imprint, likely due to in situ lottery dynamics, was apparent in the diatom microbiomes. However, microbiome assembly was also phylogenetically and functionally constrained through selective filtering related to the host microhabitat. Randomised microbiome assembly simulations revealed evidence for phylogenetic overdispersion in the observed microbiomes, reflecting an important role in the assembly process for competition between bacteria on the one hand and predominantly genetically driven differences between the hosts on the other hand. Our study thus shows that even between closely related diatom strains, host selection affects microbiome assembly, superimposing the predominantly stochastically driven recruitment process.
Event-shape studies of strangeness production in √S = 13 TeV proton–proton collisions with ALICE
Authors: Nassirpour Adrian ,   on behalf of the ALICE Collaboration
Published: February 2022

The ALICE Collaboration has observed that the relative fraction of strange hadrons grows strongly with multiplicity in small collision systems at LHC energies, in particular for multi-strange baryons. The origin of this effect is still under debate, and models need significant final-state interactions to accommodate the new ALICE results, requiring new tools to discriminate experimentally between the various phenomenological ideas.
In these proceedings we present a multi-differential study of identified particle spectra with respect to the event multiplicity and two different event shape observables, the unweighted transverse spherocity SOpT=1, and the self-normalized, transverse charged particle density, RT, which allows us to explore particle production associated with hard and soft QCD processes. ALICE has measured π, K, ϕ, and Ξ production at mid-rapidity (|η| < 0.8) as a function of SOpT=1 and RT in pp collisions at √S = 13 TeV. This work reports on how these multi-differential measurements compare with predictions from PYTHIA and EPOSLHC.
Substitutionsbehandlung bei Opiatabhängigen im
Maßregelvollzug
Authors: Soyka Michael , Steinböck Herbert 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungOpiatabhängigkeit ist bei Straftätern häufig und viele
opiatabhängige Rechtsbrecher werden nach § 64 STGB im
Maßregelvollzug behandelt. Während die Substitutionsbehandlung
in Haftanstalten mittlerweile gängige Praxis ist, wird die
Substitutionsbehandlung im traditionell abstinenzorientierten
Maßregelvollzug sehr kontrovers und regional auch unterschiedlich
gesehen. Basisdaten dazu fehlen bislang. Vor dem Hintergrund eines aktuellen
Gutachtensfalles wird die Problematik dargestellt. Aktuelle Zahlen aus einer
großen Forensischen Klinik in München-Ost zeigen, daß
knapp 30% der dort behandelten Patienten substituiert werden
(N=186). Die Problematik der Substitutionsbehandlung im
Maßregelvollzug disktutiert.
TRAIL-sensitizing Cytochalasins from the Endophytic Fungus Phoma multirostrata
Authors: Peng Xiaogang , Ouyang Qianxi , Pei Jiao , Chang Jinling , Qin Chunlun , Ruan Hanli 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTSeven undescribed cytochalasins, multirostratins K – Q (2–8), together with one known analogue, cytochalasin Z3 (1), were isolated from the culture of Phoma
multirostrata XJ-2-1, an endophytic fungus obtained from the root of Parasenecio albus. Their structures with absolute configurations were determined by 1D and 2D NMR,
high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), electronic circular dichroism (ECD), single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and chemical methods. The structure of
ascochalasin was revised from Δ
13 to Δ
21 by detailed analysis of the NMR data and by comparison with the data for 7. In a TRAIL (tumor necrosis
factor related apoptosis inducing ligand)-resistance-overcoming experiment, co-treatment of 2 or 6 with TRAIL reduced the cell viability of A549 cells by 30.3% and 27.5% at
10 µM, respectively.
High-Resolution CT Imaging of the Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Specimen Study
Authors: Pham Nancy , Raslan Osama , Strong Edward B. , Boone John , Dublin Arthur , Chen Shuai , Hacein-Bey Lotfi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective Super-high and ultra-high spatial resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging can be advantageous for detecting temporal bone pathology and guiding treatment strategies.
Methods Six temporal bone cadaveric specimens were used to evaluate the temporal bone microanatomic structures utilizing the following CT reconstruction modes: normal resolution (NR, 0.5-mm slice thickness, 5122 matrix), high resolution (HR, 0.5-mm slice thickness, 1,0242 matrix), super-high resolution (SHR, 0.25-mm slice thickness, 1,0242 matrix), and ultra-high resolution (UHR, 0.25-mm slice thickness, 2,0482 matrix). Noise and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for bone and air were measured at each reconstruction mode. Two observers assessed visualization of seven small anatomic structures using a 4-point scale at each reconstruction mode.
Results Noise was significantly higher and SNR significantly lower with increases in spatial resolution (NR, HR, and SHR). There was no statistical difference between SHR and UHR imaging with regard to noise and SNR. There was significantly improved visibility of all temporal bone osseous structures of interest with SHR and UHR imaging relative to NR imaging (p < 0.001) and most of the temporal bone osseous structures relative to HR imaging. There was no statistical difference in the subjective image quality between SHR and UHR imaging of the temporal bone (p ≥ 0.085).
Conclusion Super-high-resolution and ultra-high-resolution CT imaging results in significant improvement in image quality compared with normal-resolution and high-resolution CT imaging of the temporal bone. This preliminary study also demonstrates equivalency between super-high and ultra-high spatial resolution temporal bone CT imaging protocols for clinical use.
Efficacy of Disinfection of Rigid Endoscope by Ethyl Alcohol 70%
Authors: Santos Marco Cesar J. , Pauna Henrique F. , Graziano Kazuko U. , Voegels Richard L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction Currently, there is no safe, affordable, and ecologically-sustainable guideline that helps prevent contamination through endoscopy. We evaluated the safety of intermediate-level disinfection with 70% ethyl alcohol (w/v) based on biological-load recovery from rigid endoscopes after nasal endoscopy.
Objective To demonstrate the efficacy of 70% ethanol in disinfecting rigid endoscopes (REs) to reduce microbial growth in microbiological cultures.
Methods After a nasal endoscopy examination, the endoscope was swabbed with gauze; this served as the positive-control sample. The standard operating procedure for intermediate-level disinfection with 70% ethyl alcohol (w/v) following prior cleaning was applied. The endoscope was again swabbed; this served as the experimental sample. The collected material from the endoscope was extracted from gauze pieces, filtered through a 0.22-μm cellulose membrane, and cultivated in different means of culture.
Results The results revealed a significant difference between the positive-control and experimental groups regarding the presence of Streptococcus coagulase (-) (p < 0.001), Bacillus spp. (p < 0.001), and Staphylococcus aureus (p = 0.001). These microorganisms were detected in the control group, but not in the experimental group.
Conclusions Microorganisms were not recovered from the samples of the experimental group, demonstrating the efficacy and the germicidal action of 70% ethyl alcohol (w/v) as a means of achieving intermediate-level disinfection.
Persuasive narrative during the COVID-19 pandemic: Norwegian Prime Minister Erna Solberg’s posts on Facebook
Authors: Arora Sanjana , Debesay Jonas , Eslen-Ziya Hande 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article explores the Facebook posts of Norway’s Prime Minister Erna Solberg to highlight the key features of her crisis communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. It draws on data from Solberg’s Facebook posts from February 27, 2020 to February 9, 2021 (i.e., starting from the day when the first case of COVID-19 was recorded in Norway until the time of data collection for this study). Out of her 271 posts, 157 of them were about COVID-19 and were chosen for analysis. The analyses identified five major themes: (1) Promoting responsibility and togetherness (2) Coping (3) Being in control amidst uncertainty (4) Fostering hope and (5) Relating with the followers. Drawing inspiration from Boin, Stern and Sundelius’, work on persuasive narratives, this study shows the ways that Solberg’s posts about COVID-19 exhibit all five identified frame functions. In addition, the findings add contextual nuances to the frame functions through the theme of ‘Responsibilization and togetherness’, which are reflected through references to Norwegianness and the cultural concept and practice ofdugnad. This study adds to our knowledge about how persuasive narratives are incorporated into the social media communication strategies of leaders and highlights the usefulness of this framework for studying ongoing and future crises.
Association of parental characteristics with offspring anthropometric failure, anaemia and mortality in India
Authors: Rai Rajesh Kumar , Subramanian S. V. , Vollmer Sebastian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study used a wide range of information on parental sociodemographic, physical and behavioural characteristics as well as on the presence of non-communicable diseases among parents and examined the association of these attributes with anthropometric failure, anaemia and mortality of their children aged 0–59 months. Findings revealed that children of fathers aged 30–39 years were less likely to experience anthropometric failure and anaemia; however, survival of children of fathers below 18 years at marriage could be threatened. Parental education had protective association with children’s anthropometric failure, anaemia and under-five mortality. With increasing maternal height, children had lower odds of anthropometric failure and under-five mortality. Tobacco use by mothers was associated with increase in under-five mortality, and children with diabetic fathers had higher odds of under-five mortality.
Top-down and bottom-up cohesiveness in microbial community coalescence
Authors: Diaz-Colunga Juan , Lu Nanxi , Sanchez-Gorostiaga Alicia , Chang Chang-Yu , Cai Helen S. , Goldford Joshua E. , Tikhonov Mikhail , Sánchez Álvaro 
Published: February 2022

Significance
In the microbial world, it is common for previously isolated communities to come in contact with one another. This phenomenon is known as community coalescence. Despite it being a key process in the assembly of microbial communities, little is known about the mechanisms that determine its outcomes. Here we present an experimental system that allowed us to study over 100 coalescence events between previously segregated microbiomes. Our results, predicted by a mathematical model, provide direct evidence of ecological coselection: the situation where members of a community recruit one another during coalescence. Our combined experimental and theoretical framework represents a powerful tool to predict the outcomes and interrogate the mechanisms of community coalescence.
A 680,000-person megastudy of nudges to encourage vaccination in pharmacies
Authors: Milkman Katherine L. , Gandhi Linnea , Patel Mitesh S. , Graci Heather N. , Gromet Dena M. , Ho Hung , Kay Joseph S. , Lee Timothy W. , Rothschild Jake , Bogard Jonathan E. , Brody Ilana , Chabris Christopher F. , Chang Edward , Chapman Gretchen B. , Dannals Jennifer E. , Goldstein Noah J. , Goren Amir , Hershfield Hal , Hirsch Alex , Hmurovic Jillian , Horn Samantha , Karlan Dean S. , Kristal Ariella S. , Lamberton Cait , Meyer Michelle N. , Oakes Allison H. , Schweitzer Maurice E. , Shermohammed Maheen , Talloen Joachim , Warren Caleb , Whillans Ashley , Yadav Kuldeep N. , Zlatev Julian J. , Berman Ron , Evans Chalanda N. , Ladhania Rahul , Ludwig Jens , Mazar Nina , Mullainathan Sendhil , Snider Christopher K. , Spiess Jann , Tsukayama Eli , Ungar Lyle , Van den Bulte Christophe , Volpp Kevin G. , Duckworth Angela L. 
Published: February 2022

SignificanceEncouraging vaccination is a pressing policy problem. Our megastudy with 689,693 Walmart pharmacy customers demonstrates that text-based reminders can encourage pharmacy vaccination and establishes what kinds of messages work best. We tested 22 different text reminders using a variety of different behavioral science principles to nudge flu vaccination. Reminder texts increased vaccination rates by an average of 2.0 percentage points (6.8%) over a business-as-usual control condition. The most-effective messages reminded patients that a flu shot was waiting for them and delivered reminders on multiple days. The top-performing intervention included two texts 3 d apart and stated that a vaccine was “waiting for you.” Forecasters failed to anticipate that this would be the best-performing treatment, underscoring the value of testing.
Convergent clonal selection of donor- and recipient-derived CMV-specific T cells in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients
Authors: Erickson Jami R. , Stevens-Ayers Terry , Mair Florian , Edmison Bradley , Boeckh Michael , Bradley Philip , Prlic Martin 
Published: February 2022

Significance
An existing memory T cell population specific for a single epitope is sufficient to effectively curtail responses to any new antigens if the original epitope is present in a vaccination regimen or heterologous infections. We asked if T cell competition precludes recruitment of any new, naïve T cells to an existing memory T cell pool in context of cytomegalovirus-specific T cell responses in a cohort of transplant patients. Our data indicate that competition does not prevent recruitment of naïve T cells into the memory T cell pool but selects for T cells with nearly or fully congruent T cell receptor specificities. We discuss the implications of rejuvenating a memory T cell pool while preserving the T cell receptor repertoire.
Empirical social triad statistics can be explained with dyadic homophylic interactions
Authors: Pham Tuan Minh , Korbel Jan , Hanel Rudolf , Thurner Stefan 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Social stability is often associated with triangular interactions between people. Various possible social triangles appear in peculiar ratios. The triangles “The friend of my friend is my friend” and “The enemy of my friend is my enemy” are strongly overrepresented, which plays an important role for social balance. A standard explanation for these characteristic triangle fractions is that people consider triadic information before forming social relations. This assumption often contradicts everyday experience. We propose an explanation of the observed overrepresentations without individuals having to consider triangles. A society where individuals minimize their social stress self-organizes toward the empirically observed triangular structures. We demonstrate this with data from a society of computer game players, where triangle formation can be directly observed.
Time-resolved DEER EPR and solid-state NMR afford kinetic and structural elucidation of substrate binding to Ca
2+
-ligated calmodulin
Authors: Schmidt Thomas , Jeon Jaekyun , Yau Wai-Ming , Schwieters Charles D. , Tycko Robert , Clore G. Marius 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Complex formation between calmodulin and target proteins underlies numerous calcium signaling processes in biology, yet structural and mechanistic details, which entail major conformational changes in both calmodulin and its substrates, have been unclear. We show that a combination of time-resolved electron paramagnetic and NMR measurements can elucidate the molecular mechanism, at the quantitative kinetic and structural levels, of the binding pathway of a peptide substrate from skeletal muscle myosin light-chain kinase to calcium-loaded calmodulin. The mechanism involves coupled folding and binding and comprises a bifurcated process, with rapid, direct complex formation when the peptide interacts first with the C-terminal domain of calmodulin or a slower, two-step complex formation when the peptide interacts initially with the N-terminal domain.