bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systems-wide analysis revealed shared and unique responses to moderate and acute high temperatures in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Zhang Ningning , Mattoon Erin M. , McHargue Will , Venn Benedikt , Zimmer David , Pecani Kresti , Jeong Jooyeon , Anderson Cheyenne M. , Chen Chen , Berry Jeffrey C. , Xia Ming , Tzeng Shin-Cheng , Becker Eric , Pazouki Leila , Evans Bradley , Cross Fred , Cheng Jianlin , Czymmek Kirk J. , Schroda Michael , Mühlhaus Timo , Zhang Ru 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDifferent intensities of high temperatures affect the growth of photosynthetic cells in nature. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we cultivated the unicellular green algaChlamydomonas reinhardtiiunder highly controlled photobioreactor conditions and revealed systems-wide shared and unique responses to 24-hour moderate (35°C) and acute (40°C) high temperatures and subsequent recovery at 25°C. We identified previously overlooked unique elements in response to moderate high temperature. Heat at 35°C transiently arrested the cell cycle followed by partial synchronization, up-regulated transcripts/proteins involved in gluconeogenesis/glyoxylate-cycle for carbon uptake and promoted growth. But 40°C disrupted cell division and growth. Both high temperatures induced photoprotection, while 40°C distorted thylakoid/pyrenoid ultrastructure, affected the carbon concentrating mechanism, and decreased photosynthetic efficiency. We demonstrated increased transcript/protein correlation during both heat treatments and hypothesize reduced post-transcriptional regulation during heat may help efficiently coordinate thermotolerance mechanisms. During recovery after both heat treatments, especially 40°C, transcripts/proteins related to DNA synthesis increased while those involved in photosynthetic light reactions decreased. We propose down-regulating photosynthetic light reactions during DNA replication benefits cell cycle resumption by reducing ROS production. Our results provide potential targets to increase thermotolerance in algae and crops.
Cargo receptor Surf4 regulates endoplasmic reticulum export of proinsulin in pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Saegusa Keiko , Matsunaga Kohichi , Maeda Miharu , Saito Kota , Izumi Tetsuro , Sato Ken 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInsulin is an essential peptide hormone that maintains blood glucose levels. Although the mechanisms underlying insulin exocytosis have been investigated, the mechanism of proinsulin export from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that Surf4, a cargo receptor homolog, regulates the ER export of proinsulin via its recruitment to ER exit sites (ERES). Under high-glucose conditions, Surf4 expression was upregulated, and Surf4 proteins mainly localized to the ER at a steady state and accumulated in the ERES, along with proinsulin in rat insulinoma INS-1 cells.Surf4-knockdown resulted in proinsulin retention in the ER and decreased the levels of mature insulin in secretory granules, thereby significantly reducing insulin secretion. Surf4 forms an oligomer and can physically interact with proinsulin and Sec12, essential for COPII vesicle formation. Our findings suggest that Surf4 interacts with proinsulin and delivers it into COPII vesicles for ER export in co-operation with Sec12 and COPII.
Melanopsin (Opn4) is an oncogene in cutaneous melanoma
Authors: de Assis Leonardo Vinícius Monteiro , Lacerda José Thalles , Moraes Maria Nathália , Domínguez-Amorocho Omar Alberto , Kinker Gabriela Sarti , Mendes Davi , Silva Matheus Molina , Menck Carlos Frederico Martins , Câmara Niels Olsen Saraiva , Castrucci Ana Maria de Lauro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe search for new therapeutical targets for cutaneous melanoma and other cancers is an ongoing task. We expanded this knowledge by evaluating whether opsins, light- and thermo-sensing proteins, could display tumor-modulatory effects on melanoma cancer. Using different experimental approaches, we show that melanoma cell proliferation is slower in the absence of Opn4, compared to Opn4WT due to an impaired cell cycle progression and reduced melanocyte inducing transcription factor (Mitf) expression. In vivo tumor progression of Opn4KO cells is remarkably reduced due to slower proliferation, and higher immune system response in Opn4KO tumors. Using pharmacological assays, we demonstrate that guanylyl cyclase activity is impaired in Opn4KO cells. Evaluation of Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database confirms our experimental data as reduced MITF and OPN4 expression in human melanoma correlates with slower cell cycle progression and presence of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Proteomic analyses of tumor bulk show that the reduced growth of Opn4KO tumors is associated with reduced Mitf signaling, higher translation of G2/M proteins, and impaired guanylyl cyclase activity. Conversely, in Opn4WT tumors increased small GTPase and an immune-suppressive TME are found. Such evidence points to OPN4 as an oncogene in melanoma, which could be pharmacologically targeted.
Microbial necromass carbon and nitrogen persistence are decoupled in agricultural grassland soils
Authors: Buckeridge Kate M. , Mason Kelly E. , Ostle Nick , McNamara Niall P. , Grant Helen K. , Whitaker Jeanette 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMicrobial necromass is an important component of soil organic matter, however its persistence and contribution to soil carbon sequestration are poorly quantified. Here, we investigate the interaction of necromass with soil minerals and compare its persistence to that of plant litter in grassland soils under low- and high-management intensity in northwest England. During a 1-year laboratory-based incubation, we find carbon mineralization rates are higher for plant leaf litter than root litter and necromass, but find no significant difference in carbon persistence after 1 year. During a field experiment, approximately two thirds of isotopically-labelled necromass carbon became mineral-associated within 3 days. Mineral-associated carbon declined more rapidly than nitrogen over 8 months, with the persistence of both enhanced under increased management intensity. We suggest that carbon mineralisation rates are decoupled from carbon persistence and that necromass carbon is less persistent than necromass nitrogen, with agricultural management intensity impacting carbon sequestration in grasslands.
A multi‐objective multi‐agent deep reinforcement learning approach to residential appliance scheduling
Authors: Lu Junlin , Mannion Patrick , Mason Karl 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResidential buildings are large consumers of energy. They contribute significantly to the demand placed on the grid, particularly during hours of peak demand. Demand‐side management is crucial to reducing this demand placed on the grid and increasing renewable utilisation. This research study presents a multi‐objective tunable deep reinforcement learning algorithm for demand‐side management of household appliances. The proposed tunable Deep Q‐Network (DQN) algorithm learns a single policy that accounts for different preferences for multiple objectives present when scheduling appliances. These include electricity cost, peak demand, and punctuality. The tunable Deep Q‐Network algorithm is compared to two rule‐based approaches for appliance scheduling. When comparing the 1‐month simulation results for the tunable DQN with an electricity cost rule‐based benchmark method, the tunable DQN agent provides a statistically significant improvement of 30%, 18.2%, and 37.3% for the cost, peak power, and punctuality objectives. Moreover, the tunable Deep Q‐Network can produce a range of appliance scheduling policies for different objective preferences without requiring any computationally intensive retraining. This is the key advantage of the proposed tunable Deep Q‐Network algorithm for appliance scheduling.
Modeling the thermal conduction in the solar atmosphere with the code MANCHA3D
Authors: Navarro A. , Khomenko E. , Modestov M. , Vitas N. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Thermal conductivity is one of the important mechanisms of heat transfer in the solar corona. In the limit of strongly magnetized plasma, it is typically modeled by Spitzer’s expression where the heat flux is aligned with the magnetic field.
Aims. This paper describes the implementation of the heat conduction into the code MANCHA3D with an aim of extending single-fluid MHD simulations from the upper convection zone into the solar corona.
Methods. Two different schemes to model heat conduction are implemented: (1) a standard scheme where a parabolic term is added to the energy equation, and (2) a scheme where the hyperbolic heat flux equation is solved.
Results. The first scheme limits the time step due to the explicit integration of a parabolic term, which makes the simulations computationally expensive. The second scheme solves the limitations on the time step by artificially limiting the heat conduction speed to computationally manageable values. The validation of both schemes is carried out with standard tests in one, two, and three spatial dimensions. Furthermore, we implement the model for heat flux derived by Braginskii (1965, Reviews of Plasma Physics, 205) in its most general form, when the expression for the heat flux depends on the ratio of the collisional to cyclotron frequencies of the plasma, and, therefore on the magnetic field strength. Additionally, our implementation takes into account the heat conduction in parallel, perpendicular, and transverse directions, and provides the contributions from ions and electrons separately. The model recovers Spitzer’s expression for parallel thermal conductivity in the strongly magnetized limit but also transitions smoothly between field-aligned conductivity and isotropic conductivity for regions with a low or null magnetic field. We describe the details of the implementation of Braginskii’s thermal conductivity using a combination of the first scheme for the perpendicular and transverse directions and the second scheme for the parallel component. We estimate thermal conductivities in a quiet-Sun model. In this model, we find that the perpendicular and transverse components for electrons and ions and the parallel component for ions might have some significance below the transition region. Above the transition region only the parallel component for ions might be important. Finally, we present a two-dimensional test for heat conduction using realistic values of the solar atmosphere where we prove the robustness of the two schemes implemented and show that our adaptation of the hyperbolic treatment offers a great advantage over the computational cost of the simulations.
A snapshot of statistical methods used in experimental immunoblotting: a scoping review
Authors: Gosselin Romain-Daniel 
Published: May 2022

Background: Among the many avenues considered to make life science more reproducible, the improvement of the quality and openness of statistical methods has taken centre stage. However, although disparities across research fields and techniques are not unknown, they remain largely unexplored. Objectives: Provide an overview of statistical methods used in biochemical research involving immunoblotting (also referred to as western blotting), a technique frequently used to quantify proteins of interest. Source of evidence: PubMed. Eligibility criteria: Studies reporting immunoblots with quantitative interpretation (statistical inference). Charting Methods: A reverse chronological systematic sampling was implemented to analyse 2932 experimental conditions (i.e., experimental groups) from 64 articles published at the end of 2021. The statistical test (actual study size n = 67) and software (actual study size n = 61) used for each article and the sample size for each experimental condition were documented. Results: The results indicate an overhelming number of parametric tests, mostly one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, 15/67) and Student’s t-test (13/67), but for many articles the statistical procedure was not clearly stated (23/67). GraphPad Prism was the most commonly used statistical package (36/61), but many (14/61) articles did not reveal the package used. Finally, the sample size was disclosed in only 1054/2932 conditions in which its median value was 3 (IQR = [3–6]). Conclusion: This study suggests that the transparency of reporting might be suboptimal in immunoblotting research and prompts the need for more comprehensive reviews in the future.
Snare devices with thinner loop wire may provide higher performance for cold snare polypectomy in an experimental model
Authors: Ono Satoshi , Maejima Kyohei , Ito Shun , Hosaka Shosuke , Umeki Kiyotaka , Sato Shin-ichiro , Akamine Kota , Asai Daichi , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Snare devices play an important role in treatment of intestinal polyps. However, there are no objective measurements for the characteristics of the various types of snare devices.
Materials and methods Seven types of snare devices from four manufacturers were evaluated based on original measurements. The evaluated factors were stiffness, cutting quality, and change in force required for cutting depending on sheath shape. The latter two factors were evaluated by measuring the force required to cut 20 % gelatin cylinders, which simulated intestinal polyps. The cutting sharpness was evaluated by observing the sectional surface of cut gelatin cylinders using a stereomicroscope. The correlations between these measurements and characteristics of the snare devices were investigated.
Results A strong positive correlation, with an R2 value of 0.863, was shown between the force required to cut gelatin cylinders and loop wire diameter. Loop wire diameter also had a strong correlation, with an R2 value of 0.7997, with the change in force required for cutting gelatin cylinders depending on sheath shape. No correlations were detected between loop stiffness and characteristics of snare devices. The edge-enhanced image revealed that the rougher surfaces of the gelatin cylinders were cut by snares with a thicker diameter.
Conclusions Thinner loop wire may provide higher performance in cold snare polypectomy in an experimental model.
Improved detection of early gastric cancer with linked color imaging using an ultrathin endoscope: a video-based analysis
Authors: Khurelbaatar Tsevelnorov , Miura Yoshimasa , Osawa Hiroyuki , Ino Yuji , Takezawa Takahito , Iwashita Chihiro , Nomoto Yoshie , Tsunoda Masato , Ueno Takashi , Takahashi Haruo , Nagayama Manabu , Fukuda Hisashi , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Yamamoto Hironori 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Ultrathin endoscopy causes a minimal gag reflex and has minimal effects on cardiopulmonary function. Linked color imaging (LCI) is useful for detection of malignancies in the digestive tract. The aim of this study was to clarify whether LCI with ultrathin endoscopy facilitates detection of early gastric cancer (EGC) despite its lower resolution compared with high-resolution white light imaging (WLI) with standard endoscopy.
Patients and methods This was a retrospective analysis with prospectively collected video, including consecutive 166 cases of EGC or gastric atrophy alone. Ninety seconds of screening video was collected using standard and ultrathin endoscopes with both WLI and LCI for each case. Three expert endoscopists assessed each video and the sensitivity of detecting EGC calculated. Color difference calculations were performed.
Results Sensitivities using ultrathin WLI, ultrathin LCI, standard WLI, and standard LCI for the identification of cancer were 66.0 %, 80.3 %, 69.9 %, and 84.0 %, respectively. The color difference between malignant lesions and surrounding mucosa with ultrathin LCI and standard LCI were significantly higher than using ultrathin WLI or standard WLI, supported subjectively by the visibility score. Ultrathin LCI color difference and visibility score were significantly higher than standard WLI.
Conclusions LCI with a low-resolution ultrathin endoscope is superior to WLI with a high-resolution standard endoscope for gastric cancer screening. This suggests that the high color contrast between EGC and the surrounding mucosa is more important than high-resolution images.
Artificial intelligence-assisted optical diagnosis for the resect-and-discard strategy in clinical practice: the Artificial intelligence BLI Characterization (ABC) study
Authors: Rondonotti Emanuele , Hassan Cesare , Tamanini Giacomo , Antonelli Giulio , Andrisani Gianluca , Leonetti Giovanni , Paggi Silvia , Amato Arnaldo , Scardino Giulia , Di Paolo Dhanai , Mandelli Giovanna , Lenoci Nicoletta , Terreni Natalia , Andrealli Alida , Maselli Roberta , Spadaccini Marco , Galtieri Piera Alessia , Correale Loredana , Repici Alessandro , Di Matteo Francesco Maria , Ambrosiani Luciana , Filippi Emanuela , Sharma Prateek , Radaelli Franco 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Optical diagnosis of colonic polyps is poorly reproducible outside of high volume referral centers. The present study aimed to assess whether real-time artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted optical diagnosis is accurate enough to implement the leave-in-situ strategy for diminutive (≤ 5 mm) rectosigmoid polyps (DRSPs).
Methods Consecutive colonoscopy outpatients with ≥ 1 DRSP were included. DRSPs were categorized as adenomas or nonadenomas by the endoscopists, who had differing expertise in optical diagnosis, with the assistance of a real-time AI system (CAD-EYE). The primary end point was ≥ 90 % negative predictive value (NPV) for adenomatous histology in high confidence AI-assisted optical diagnosis of DRSPs (Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable endoscopic Innovations [PIVI-1] threshold), with histopathology as the reference standard. The agreement between optical- and histology-based post-polypectomy surveillance intervals (≥ 90 %; PIVI-2 threshold) was also calculated according to European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and United States Multi-Society Task Force (USMSTF) guidelines.
Results Overall 596 DRSPs were retrieved for histology in 389 patients; an AI-assisted high confidence optical diagnosis was made in 92.3 %. The NPV of AI-assisted optical diagnosis for DRSPs (PIVI-1) was 91.0 % (95 %CI 87.1 %–93.9 %). The PIVI-2 threshold was met with 97.4 % (95 %CI 95.7 %–98.9 %) and 92.6 % (95 %CI 90.0 %–95.2 %) of patients according to ESGE and USMSTF, respectively. AI-assisted optical diagnosis accuracy was significantly lower for nonexperts (82.3 %, 95 %CI 76.4 %–87.3 %) than for experts (91.9 %, 95 %CI 88.5 %–94.5 %); however, nonexperts quickly approached the performance levels of experts over time.
Conclusion AI-assisted optical diagnosis matches the required PIVI thresholds. This does not however offset the need for endoscopistsʼ high level confidence and expertise. The AI system seems to be useful, especially for nonexperts.
Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction for Emphysema: Review and Update
Authors: Koster Theodoor David , Dijk Marlies Van , Slebos Dirk-Jan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn carefully selected patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, characterized by emphysema and hyperinflation, lung volume reduction is an option to reduce lung hyperinflation, improve lung function, quality of life, and exercise capacity. Currently, there are several bronchoscopic and surgical treatment options to achieve lung volume reduction. It is important to carefully phenotype these patients, to select the optimal treatment option, with consideration of possible adverse events or contraindications, and it is highly recommended to discuss these treatment strategies in a multidisciplinary team. The treatment with one-way endobronchial valves has been investigated most extensively and more data are available regarding the treatment of more “marginal cases,” or subsequent lung volume reduction surgery. Other bronchoscopic lung volume reduction options include treatment with coils, thermal vapor ablation, and sclerosant agents. In this review, we aim to summarize the current clinical evidence on the bronchoscopic lung volume reduction therapies and important aspects regarding optimal patient selection.
Herding in different states and terms: evidence from the cryptocurrency market
Authors: Ali Syed Riaz Mahmood 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we provide an in-depth analysis of the herding nature in the cryptocurrency market. We use the first 200 crypto coins data ranked based on market capitalization on January 1, 2020, to show the analysis. We illustrate the crypto investors' herding nature and intensity in different terms (by using daily, weekly, and monthly frequency data) and various states (high vs. low EPU states and high vs. low VIX states). We also demonstrate the magnitude of the herding effect on the next day's market returns in the cryptocurrency market.
Regional powers, global aspirations: lessons from India and Iran
Authors: Fawcett Louise , Jagtiani Sharinee L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper offers a revised and decentred perspective on regional power behaviour in world politics. Our revisionist approach departs from existing accounts by incorporating three key elements. First, in focusing attention on the regional–global nexus within which the international relations of regional powers have been conducted, demonstrating how regions can be mobilised as part of a status-seeking strategy at the global level. Second, examining this nexus historically: historical trajectories are vital sites of learning about the long-standing ambitions and policies of regional powers. Third, drawing on insights from critical geopolitics in highlighting the fluid and socially constructed nature of regions. We illustrate the interdependence of regional strategies and global outlooks through the cases of India and Iran, states in which we find parallels and shared insights demonstrating the value of a revisionist approach to analysing regional power behaviour, especially as their rise and growing capabilities inform a changing world order.
Mast cell infiltration of the choroid and protease release are early events in age-related macular degeneration associated with genetic risk at both chromosomes 1q32 and 10q26
Authors: Mcharg Selina , Booth Laura , Perveen Rahat , Riba Garcia Isabel , Brace Nicole , Bayatti Nadhim , Sergouniotis Panagiotis I. , Phillips Alexander M. , Day Anthony J. , Black Graeme C. M. , Clark Simon J. , Dowsey Andrew W. , Unwin Richard D. , Bishop Paul N. 
Published: May 2022

Significance
Genome-wide association studies have identified two major risk loci for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on chromosome (Chr) 1 and Chr10. Here, we use proteomics to analyze submacular stromal tissue punches from older eye donors without AMD, comparing tissue from donors who were homozygous for high-risk alleles at Chr1 or Chr10 with tissue from donors with low risk at these two loci. A common change found in Chr1/Chr10–risk eyes was increased mast cell proteases, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of increased mast cell numbers. This study, therefore, provides a unifying mechanistic link between Chr1 and Chr10 risk and suggests that mast cell infiltration of the choroid and degranulation are early events in AMD pathogenesis.