bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of the metabolic score obtained via [18F]FDG PET/CT and a new prognostic staging system for gastric cancer
Authors: Kim Sung Hoon , Song Bong-Il , Kim Hae Won , Won Kyoung Sook , Son Young-Gil , Ryu Seung Wan , Kang Yoo Na 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe developed and validated a new staging system that includes metabolic information from pretreatment [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for predicting disease-specific survival (DSS) in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Overall, 731 GC patients undergoing preoperative [18F]FDG PET/CT were enrolled and divided into the training (n = 543) and validation (n = 188) cohorts. A metabolic score (MS) was developed by combining the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor (T_SUVmax) and metastatic lymph node (N_SUVmax). A new staging system incorporating the MS and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage was developed using conditional inference tree analysis. The MS was stratified as follows: score 1 (T_SUVmax ≤ 4.5 and N_SUVmax ≤ 1.9), score 2 (T_SUVmax > 4.5 and N_SUVmax ≤ 1.9), score 3 (T_SUVmax ≤ 4.5 and N_SUVmax > 1.9), and score 4 (T_SUVmax > 4.5 and N_SUVmax > 1.9) in the training cohort. The new staging system yielded five risk categories: category I (TNM I, II and MS 1), category II (TNM I, II and MS 2), category III (TNM I, II and MS ≥ 3), category IV (TNM III, IV and MS ≤ 3), and category V (TNM III, IV and MS 4) in the training cohort. DSS differed significantly between both staging systems; the new staging system showed better prognostic performance in both training and validation cohorts. The MS was an independent prognostic factor for DSS, and discriminatory power of the new staging system for DSS was better than that of the conventional TNM staging system alone.
Partial differential equations of entropy analysis on ternary hybridity nanofluid flow model via rotating disk with hall current and electromagnetic radiative influences
Authors: Al Oweidi Khalid Fanoukh , Shahzad Faisal , Jamshed Wasim , Usman  , Ibrahim Rabha W. , El Din El Sayed M. Tag , AlDerea Afrah M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe flow of a fluid across a revolving disc has several technical and industrial uses. Examples of rotating disc flows include centrifugal pumps, viscometers, rotors, fans, turbines, and spinning discs. An important technology with implications for numerous treatments utilized in numerous sectors is the use of hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) to accelerate current advancements. Through investigation of ternary nanoparticle impacts on heat transfer (HT) and liquid movement, the thermal properties of tri-HNFs were to be ascertained in this study. Hall current, thermal radiation, and heat dissipation have all been studied in relation to the use of flow-describing equations. The ternary HNFs under research are composed of the nanomolecules aluminum oxide (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO), silver (Ag), and water (H2O). For a number of significant physical characteristics, the physical situation is represented utilizing the boundary layer investigation, which produces partial differential equations (PDEs). The rheology of the movement is extended and computed in a revolving setting under the assumption that the movement is caused by a rotatingfloppy. Before the solution was found using the finite difference method, complicated generated PDEs were transformed into corresponding ODEs (Keller Box method). A rise in the implicated influencing factors has numerous notable physical impacts that have been seen and recorded. The Keller Box method (KBM) approach is also delivered for simulating the determination of nonlinear system problems faced in developing liquid and supplementary algebraic dynamics domains. The rate of entropy formation rises as the magnetic field parameter and radiation parameter increase. Entropy production rate decreases as the Brinkman number and Hall current parameter become more enriched. The thermal efficiency of ternary HNFs compared to conventional HNFs losses to a low of 4.8% and peaks to 5.2%.
Creating a kidney organoid-vasculature interaction model using a novel organ-on-chip system
Authors: Bas-Cristóbal Menéndez Amanda , Du Z. , van den Bosch T. P. P. , Othman A. , Gaio N. , Silvestri C. , Quirós W. , Lin H. , Korevaar S. , Merino A. , Mulder J. , Hoogduijn M. J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKidney organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have proven to be a valuable tool to study kidney development and disease. However, the lack of vascularization of these organoids often leads to insufficient oxygen and nutrient supply. Vascularization has previously been achieved by implantation into animal models, however, the vasculature arises largely from animal host tissue. Our aim is to transition from an in vivo implantation model towards an in vitro model that fulfils the advantages of vascularization whilst being fully human-cell derived. Our chip system supported culturing of kidney organoids, which presented nephron structures. We also showed that organoids cultured on chip showed increased maturation of endothelial populations based on a colocalization analysis of endothelial markers. Moreover, we observed migration and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in the channels of the chip inside the organoid tissue, where these HUVECs interconnected with endogenous endothelial cells and formed structures presenting an open lumen resembling vessels. Our results establish for the first-time vascularization of kidney organoids in HUVEC co-culture conditions using a microfluidic organ-on-chip. Our model therefore provides a useful insight into kidney organoid vascularization in vitro and presents a tool for further studies of kidney development and drug testing, both for research purposes and pre-clinical applications.
Development of eye phantom for mimicking the deformation of the human cornea accompanied by intraocular pressure alterations
Authors: Cho Han Saem , Jeoung Sae Chae , Yang Yun Sik 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComparative studies between artificial eyeball phantoms and in-vivo human subjects were carried out to better understanding the structural deformation of the cornea under varying intraocular pressure (IOP). The IOP-induced deformation and the tension of the cornea were measured by using an optical coherence tomography and noncontact tonometer readings, respectively. The dependence of the central cornea thickness (CCT) and corneal radius of curvature (CRC) on the IOP differed significantly between the full eyeball phantom (FEP) and cornea eyeball phantom (CEP) models. While the CCT changes were very similar between the two models, the relation between the CRC and the IOP was dependent on the type of eye phantom. For the CEP, the CRC drastically decreased as internal pressure increased. However, we found that the changes in the CRC of FEP was dependent on initial CCT under zero IOP (CCT0). When CCT0 was less than 460 μm, the CRC slightly decreased as IOP increased. Meanwhile, the CRC increased as IOP increased if CCT0 was 570 μm. A constitutive mechanical model was proposed to describe the response of the cornea accompanied by the changes in IOP. In vivo measurements on human subjects under both noninvasive and invasive conditions revealed that the relation between the CRC on the IOP is much closer to those observed from FEP. Considering the observed structural deformation of human cornea, we found that FEP mimics the human eye more accurately than the CEP. In addition, the tonometry readings of IOP show that the values from the CEP were overestimated, while those from the FEP were not. For these reasons, we expect that the FEP could be suitable for the estimation of true IOP and allow performance testing of tonometers for medical checkups and other clinical uses.
Comparing the extraction methods, chemical composition, phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of edible oils from Cannabis sativa and Silybum marianu seeds
Authors: Kalinowska Monika , Płońska Anna , Trusiak Magdalena , Gołębiewska Ewelina , Gorlewska-Pietluszenko Anna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the study the cold-pressed, natural (unfiltered, unrefined) vegetable oils: hemp and milk thistle seed oils were tested for their chemical composition and antioxidant properties. The physico-chemical parameters, content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were determined. Solid phase extraction and simple extraction with the use of methanol, ethanol, 80% methanol, 80% ethanol were used to obtain the extracts for the analysis of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in oils. The composition of phenolic compounds was studied by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC–DAD) and spectrophotometric test with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The antioxidant property of extracts was established by means of the following methods: with the DPPH•(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical, ABTS•+(2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation radical, FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant parameter) and CUPRAC (cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity). Moreover the influence of chlorogenic acid on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation process in the hemp and milk thistle seed oils was also investigated. The tested oils showed different antioxidant properties which was related to the their different chemical composition. The main phenolic compounds present in hemp seed oil were vanillic, ferulic andp-coumaric acids, (-)epicatechin, catechin, kaempferol and procyanidin B2, whereas in milk thistle seed oil—catechins, procyanidin B2, procyanidin C1,p-coumaric acid, phloridzin, quercetin, protocatechuic acid, kaempferol, and syringic acid. The methanolic extracts of hemp and milk thistle seed oils showed the highest antiradical activity, whereas the ethanolic extracts revealed the best reducing properties. The obtained antioxidant parameters for hemp seed oil were: the IC50 = 3.433 ± 0.017 v/v (DPPH test), the percent of ABTS•+inhibition = 93.301 ± 1.099%, FRAP value = 1063.883 ± 39.225 µmol Fe2+, CUPRAC value = 420.471 ± 1.765 µmol of Trolox. Whereas the antioxidant parameters for milk thistle seed oil were: the IC50 = 5.280 ± 0.584 v/v (DPPH test), 79.59 ± 3.763% (ABTS test), 2891.08 ± 270.044 µmol Fe2+(FRAP test), 255.48 ± 26.169 µmol of Trolox (CUPRAC assay). Chlorogenic acid effectively inhibited the lipid peroxidation process in hemp and milk thistle seed oils.
Investigating longitudinal associations of hair cortisol and cortisone with cognitive functioning and dementia
Authors: Santoso Cornelia , Stuckler David , Ihle Andreas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe rigorously investigated potential longitudinal associations of hair cortisol and cortisone with verbal memory, time orientation, and dementia, adjusting for sociodemographic and health confounders. Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing wave 6–9 (6-year follow-up, covering 4399 persons aged 50+) were analysed using linear random effects and cox regression models. In unadjusted models, hair cortisol was associated with worsened verbal memory (β 0.19; SE 0.08), but not with time orientation (β 0.02; SE 0.01), or dementia (β 0.07; SE 0.16). Hair cortisone was associated with worsened verbal memory (β 0.74; SE 0.14) and time orientation (β 0.06; SE 0.02), but not with dementia (β 0.47; SE 0.28). However, in the fully adjusted models, neither hair cortisol nor cortisone was associated with verbal memory, time orientation, or dementia. Consistent with prior studies, we found that more advanced age was associated with worsened verbal memory (β 0.15; SE 0.01), time orientation (β 0.01; SE 0.00), and dementia risk (β 0.11; SE 0.02). Our rigorous analyses did not detect robust associations of neither hair cortisol nor cortisone with cognitive functioning or dementia across 6 years. More detailed insights into potential mechanisms are discussed.
Enhancement of river flooding due to global warming
Authors: Alifu Haireti , Hirabayashi Yukiko , Imada Yukiko , Shiogama Hideo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHuman-induced climate change has increased the frequency and intensity of heavy precipitation1. Due to the complexity of runoff generation and the streamflow process, the historical impact of human-induced climate change on river flooding remains uncertain. Here, we address the question of whether anthropogenic climate change has altered the probability of the extreme river flood events for the period 1951–2010 based on simulated river discharge derived from large ensemble climate experiments with and without human-induced climate change. The results indicate that human-induced climate change altered the probabilities of 20 of the 52 analyzed flood events. Fourteen of these 20 flood events, which occurred mainly in Asia and South America, were very likely to have been enhanced by human-induced climate change due to an increase in heavy precipitation. Conversely, two flood events in North/South America and two flood events in Asia and two flood events in Europe were suppressed by human-induced climate change, perhaps as a result of lower snowfall. Human-induced climate change has enhanced flooding more prominently in recent years, providing important insights into potential adaptation strategies for river flooding.
Rapid identification of Staphylococcus aureus based on a fluorescence imaging/detection platform that combines loop mediated isothermal amplification assay and the smartphone-based system
Authors: Cabrales-Arellano Patricia , Park Edward , Minor Martha , Delgado Efren , Valles-Rosales Delia , Taboada Heidi , Espiritu José , Su Jianzhong , Park Young Ho 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFood associated diseases pose significant public health threat in the United States. Health risks associated with food-borne pathogens drive the need for constant monitoring of food products. An efficient method that can diagnose food-borne pathogens rapidly will be invaluable and in high demand. In this study, we showed the feasibility of a novel rapid detection platform based on fluorescence imaging/detection that combines a user-friendly, portable loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction device and a smartphone-based detection system. The proposed platform was used to detect Staphylococcus aureus which is one of the most important food-borne pathogen especially dairy products. The complete protocol is quicker; the reaction is performed under isothermal conditions and completed in 1 h or less. Experimental results show that LAMP assays were ten-fold more sensitive than PCR-based detection. The proposed smartphone detection system was able to detect and quantify LAMP assay samples containing three different concentrations of S. aureus from 109 CFU/mL down to 103 CFU/mL. The present proof-of-concept study demonstrated that this platform offers a portable, easy to use method for measuring target pathogens with LAMP amplification.
Moderation of marital status and living arrangements in the relationship between social participation and life satisfaction among older Indian adults
Authors: Nagargoje Varsha P. , James K. S. , Muhammad T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSocial participation is considered one of the central components of successful and healthy aging. This study aimed to examine the moderating role of marital status and living arrangement with social participation and its association with life satisfaction of older Indian adults. Samples of 31,464 individuals aged ≥ 60 years were extracted from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, wave-1. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariable linear regression were performed for the analysis. The moderation effect of marital status and living arrangements on the relationship between social participation and level of life satisfaction among Indian older adults were also analyzed. Overall, life satisfaction among older men was relatively higher than older women in this study. Older adults’ involvement in social participation [β = 0.39, p < 0.05], being in marital union [β = 0.68, p < 0.001] and co-residing either with spouse [β = 1.73, p < 0.001] or with other family members [β = 2.18, p < 0.001] were positively related to their greater life satisfaction. Interaction of social participation with marital status showed that participating in social activities can boost life satisfaction only among married older people. Further, moderation effect of social participation with living arrangements showed that older adults who were not involved in social participation but living with a spouse or any other household members had higher life satisfaction, and again participation in social activities increased their life satisfaction to a greater level. The establishment of social clubs and advocating social policies oriented toward meaningful social connections are highly needed, especially for older Indians living alone or currently not in a marital union, which will help to enhance their overall life satisfaction.
Habitat types and megabenthos composition from three sponge-dominated high-Arctic seamounts
Authors: Stratmann Tanja , Simon-Lledó Erik , Morganti Teresa Maria , de Kluijver Anna , Vedenin Andrey , Purser Autun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSeamounts are isolated underwater mountains stretching > 1000 m above the seafloor. They are identified as biodiversity hotspots of marine life, and host benthic assemblages that may vary on regional (among seamounts) and local (within seamounts) scales. Here, we collected seafloor imagery of three seamounts at the Langseth Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean to assess habitats and megabenthos community composition at the Central Mount (CM), the Karasik Seamount (KS), and the Northern Mount (NM). The majority of seafloor across these seamounts comprised bare rock, covered with a mixed layer of sponge spicule mats intermixed with detrital debris composed of polychaete tubes, and sand, gravel, and/or rocks. The megabenthos assemblages consisted of in total 15 invertebrate epibenthos taxa and 4 fish taxa, contributing to mean megabenthos densities of 55,745 ind. ha−1at CM, 110,442 ind. ha−1at KS, and 65,849 ind. ha−1at NM. The faunal assemblages at all three seamounts were dominated by habitat-forming Tetractinellida sponges that contributed between 66% (KS) and 85% (CM) to all megabenthos. Interestingly, taxa richness did not differ at regional and local scale, whereas the megabenthos community composition did. Abiotic and biogenic factors shaping distinct habitat types played a major role in structuring of benthic communities in high-Arctic seamounts.
Increased aerosols can reverse Twomey effect in water clouds through radiative pathway
Authors: Khatri Pradeep , Hayasaka Tadahiro , Holben Brent N. , Singh Ramesh P. , Letu Husi , Tripathi Sachchida N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAerosols play important roles in modulations of cloud properties and hydrological cycle by decreasing the size of cloud droplets with the increase of aerosols under the condition of fixed liquid water path, which is known as the first aerosol indirect effect or Twomey-effect or microphysical effect. Using high-quality aerosol data from surface observations and statistically decoupling the influence of meteorological factors, we show that highly loaded aerosols can counter this microphysical effect through the radiative effect to result both the decrease and increase of cloud droplet size depending on liquid water path in water clouds. The radiative effect due to increased aerosols reduces the moisture content, but increases the atmospheric stability at higher altitudes, generating conditions favorable for cloud top entrainment and cloud droplet coalescence. Such radiatively driven cloud droplet coalescence process is relatively stronger in thicker clouds to counter relatively weaker microphysical effect, resulting the increase of cloud droplet size with the increase of aerosol loading; and vice-versa in thinner clouds. Overall, the study suggests the prevalence of both negative and positive relationships between cloud droplet size and aerosol loading in highly polluted regions.
Tandem repeats structure of gel-forming mucin domains could be revealed by SMRT sequencing data
Authors: Lang Tiange 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMucins are large glycoproteins that cover and protect epithelial surface of the body. Mucin domains of gel-forming mucins are rich in proline, threonine, and serine that are heavily glycosylated. These domains show great complexity with tandem repeats, thus make it difficult to study the sequences. With the coming of single molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technologies, we manage to present sequence structure of mucin domains via SMRT long reads for gel-forming mucins MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B and MUC6. Our study shows that for different individuals, single nucleotide polymorphisms could be found in mucin domains of MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B and MUC6, while different number of tandem repeats could be found in mucin domains of MUC2 and MUC6. Furthermore, we get the sequence of MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC5B mucin domain in a Chinese individual for each nucleotide at accuracy of possibly 99.98–99.99%, 99.93–99.99%, and 99.76–99.99%, respectively. We report a new method to obtain DNA sequence of gel-forming mucin domains. This method will provided new insights on getting the sequence for Tandem Repeat parts which locate in coding region. With the sequences we obtained through this method, we can give more information for people to study the sequences of gel-forming mucin domains.
The relative role of the subsurface Southern Ocean in driving negative Antarctic Sea ice extent anomalies in 2016–2021
Authors: Zhang Liping , Delworth Thomas L. , Yang Xiaosong , Zeng Fanrong , Lu Feiyu , Morioka Yushi , Bushuk Mitchell 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe low Antarctic sea ice extent following its dramatic decline in late 2016 has persisted over a multiyear period. However, it remains unclear to what extent this low sea ice extent can be attributed to changing ocean conditions. Here, we investigate the causes of this period of low Antarctic sea ice extent using a coupled climate model partially constrained by observations. We find that the subsurface Southern Ocean played a smaller role than the atmosphere in the extreme sea ice extent low in 2016, but was critical for the persistence of negative anomalies over 2016–2021. Prior to 2016, the subsurface Southern Ocean warmed in response to enhanced westerly winds. Decadal hindcasts show that subsurface warming has persisted and gradually destabilized the ocean from below, reducing sea ice extent over several years. The simultaneous variations in the atmosphere and ocean after 2016 have further amplified the decline in Antarctic sea ice extent.