bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of body mass index and its classifications with gray matter volume in individuals with a wide range of body mass index group: A whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Hidese Shinsuke , Ota Miho , Matsuo Junko , Ishida Ikki , Yokota Yuuki , Hattori Kotaro , Yomogida Yukihito , Kunugi Hiroshi 
Published: September 2022

AimTo examine the association of body mass index (BMI) [kg/m2] and its classifications (underweight [BMI &lt; 18.5], normal [18.5 ≤ BMI &lt; 25], overweight [25 ≤ BMI &lt; 30], and obese [BMI ≥ 30]) with brain structure in individuals with a wide range of BMI group.Materials and methodsThe participants included 382 right-handed individuals (mean age: 46.9 ± 14.3 years, 142 men and 240 women). The intelligence quotient was assessed using the Japanese Adult Reading Test. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed to analyze the association of BMI and its classifications with gray and white matter structures, respectively.ResultsAccording to VBM, BMI was significantly and negatively correlated with the bilateral cerebellum exterior volumes. In group comparisons, the right cerebellum exterior volume was significantly lower in the overweight or obese group than in the underweight or normal group, while the bilateral cuneus and calcarine cortex, left cuneus, and left precuneus volume was significantly lower in the underweight group than in the non-underweight group. Sex-related stratification analyses for VBM revealed that BMI was significantly and negatively correlated with the bilateral cerebellum exterior volumes only in women. In group comparisons, the left cerebellum exterior volume was significantly lower in obese women than in non-obese women. The left thalamus proper and the right cerebellum exterior volumes were significantly lower in overweight or obese group than in underweight or normal group in men and women, respectively. The bilateral cuneus and calcarine cortex, left cuneus and carcarine cortex, and bilateral cuneus volume was significantly lower in underweight men than in non-underweight men. In contrast, there were no notable findings on DTI.ConclusionOur results suggest association of continuous BMI, being overweight or obese, and being underweight with decreased gray matter volume in individuals with a wide range of BMI group. Furthermore, sex-related differences are seen in the association of BMI and its classifications with regional gray matter volume reductions. Abnormally high or low BMIs may have a negative influence on regional gray matter volumes.
Dietary diversity associated with risk of cardiovascular diseases among community-dwelling older people: A national health examination survey from Thailand
Authors: Chalermsri Chalobol , Ziaei Shirin , Ekström Eva-Charlotte , Muangpaisan Weerasak , Aekplakorn Wichai , Satheannopakao Warapone , Rahman Syed Moshfiqur 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the common comorbidities in older people. Healthy diet is an essential strategy to alleviate the risk of developing CVD. Dietary diversity (DD) is an indicator of diet quality. Currently, limited research exists regarding DD and CVD in older people in developing countries, such as Thailand, despite rapid growth of older population. Therefore, this study aims to determine associations of DD with the risk of CVD and the cardiometabolic risk factors among Thai older people.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used the sub-sample of the fifth Thai National Health Examination Survey conducted from 2013 to 2015. A total of 6,956 older people aged 60 years and older and no pre-existing CVD were included.Dietary diversity score (DDS) was assessed the consumption of eight food groups using food frequency questionnaires. Each food group was scored from 0 to 4. The DDS was calculated as the sum of the scores (0–32). The risk of CVD was calculated by using a Thai cardiovascular (CV) risk score. The cardiometabolic risk factors included hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels. Data were adjusted for a complex survey design and analysed using linear and logistic regression models.ResultsIn the adjusted model, DDS had a significant negative association with log-Thai CV risk score, with adjusted β (95% CI) values of −0.01 (−0.01, −0.01). Regarding the cardiometabolic risk factors, DDS had a significant negative association with hypertension, DM and log-TG levels, with adjusted OR (95% CI) values of 0.97 (95% CI 0.97, 0.98) for hypertension, 0.94 (0.93, 0.95) for DM, and adjusted β (95% CI) values of −0.002 (−0.004, −0.001) for log-TG level. DDS was positively associated with TC and LDL-C, with adjusted β (95% CI) values of 0.59 (0.38, 0.80) for TC and 0.59 (0.38, 0.79) for LDL-C levels, while DDS was not associated with HDL-C level.ConclusionHigher DD was associated with a lower risk of CVD among Thai older people. The nutritional policies or interventions should encourage a diverse food intake for the prevention of CVD in this population.
Associations between serum biomarkers and non-alcoholic liver disease: Results of a clinical study of Mediterranean patients with obesity
Authors: De Nucci Sara , Castellana Fabio , Zupo Roberta , Lampignano Luisa , Di Chito Martina , Rinaldi Roberta , Giannuzzi Vito , Cozzolongo Raffaele , Piazzolla Giuseppina , Giannelli Gianluigi , Sardone Rodolfo , De Pergola Giovanni 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundTransient elastography is an ultrasound-based method to detect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Despite the simultaneously rising prevalence of fatty liver and metabolic disease, further information about metabolic risk indicators of fatty liver is still necessary.MethodsA Southern Italian population sample with obesity (N = 87) was cross-sectionally explored for associations among the presence of NAFLD, assessed by FibroScan, and clinical, biochemical and anthropometric parameters. Inclusion criteria were age &gt;18 years, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, no ongoing supplemental or drug therapy, including oral contraceptives or osteoporosis medications; exclusion criteria were pregnancy, endocrinological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neoplasia, renal or hepatic failure, hereditary thrombocytopenia, hepatitis B (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and excess alcohol consumption.ResultsThe study sample featured a female predominance (67%, N = 60), age range 18–64 years, and 40% prevalence of NAFLD, in accordance with the fibroscan-measured controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) threshold value above 302 dB/m. Males were slightly more frequently affected by NAFLD (51.4% vs. 48.6%, p = 0.01). Insulin levels, insulin resistance (quantified by HOMA-IR), diastolic blood pressure, BMI, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and waist circumference were significantly higher in the NAFLD subset compared to their counterparts (p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.01, p = 0.05, p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.01, respectively). Uric acid (p &lt; 0.01) also showed a positive trend in the NAFLD group. Other liver steatosis parameters, measured by stiffness (p &lt; 0.01), fatty liver index (FLI) (p &lt; 0.01) and FibroScan-AST (FAST) (p &lt; 0.01), were also significantly greater in the NAFLD group. In three nested linear regression models built to assess associations between CAP values and serum uric acid levels, a single unit increase in uricemia indicated a CAP increase by 14 dB/m, after adjusting for confounders (coefficient: 14.07, 95% CI 0.6–27.54).ConclusionsClinical-metabolic screening for NAFLD cannot ignore uricemia, especially in patients with obesity.
Predictive value of the preoperative prognostic nutritional index for postoperative progression in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Fu Mengfei , Yu Li , Yang Liu , Chen Yang , Chen Xiao , Hu Qinyu , Sun Hui 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe preoperative nutritional status of cancer patients is closely related to prognosis. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) has been shown to predict the prognosis of a variety of tumors, but its study in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) is lacking. The aim of the present study is to investigate the predictive value of the preoperative PNI for postoperative progression in patients with pNENs.MethodsThe medical records of 181 patients with pNENs, who underwent surgery, were retrospectively analyzed. A time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to determine the optimal cut-off value of the preoperative PNI. Correlations between the preoperative PNI and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed using multiple linear regression. A Kaplan-Meier curve was applied to assess the progression-free survival (PFS) rate, which was tested using a log rank. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression models were used to analyze the predictive value of the preoperative PNI on prognosis.ResultsThe optimal cut-off value of the preoperative PNI was 48.275. The patients were divided into a high PNI group (PNI &gt; 48.275, n = 92) and a low PNI group (PNI ≤ 48.275, n = 89). The proportion of patients with tumor progression after surgery was significantly higher in the low PNI group compared with that in the high PNI group (P = 0.004). The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the PFS rate after surgery was significantly lower in the low PNI group compared with that in the high PNI group (P = 0.026). The preoperative PNI was an independent predictor of PFS (HR: 2.727, 95% CI: 1.174∼6.333, P = 0.020).ConclusionThe preoperative PNI has a predictive value for postoperative progression in patients with pNENs.
The association of Carbohydrate Quality Index with cardiovascular disease risk factors among women with overweight and obesity: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khosravinia Darya , Shiraseb Farideh , Mirzababaei Atieh , Daneshzad Elnaz , Jamili Shahin , Clark Cain C. T. , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: September 2022

PurposeDiet is one of the most important factors influencing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The negative relationship between carbohydrate intake with lipid profiles and body weight has been previously investigated. However, this is the first study seeking to assess the association of carbohydrate quality index (CQI) with CVD risk factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 291 Iranian overweight and obese women, with a body mass index (BMI) ranging between 25 and 40 kg/m2, and aged 18–48 years. CQI scores were calculated by using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Biochemical and anthropometric measures were assessed using standard methods, and bioelectrical impedance was used to measure body composition.ResultsWe observed that fruits (P &lt; 0.001), vegetables (P &lt; 0.001), and protein (P = 0.002) intake were higher in participants with a higher score of the CQI. When we adjusted for potential confounders, we observed that the CQI was negatively related to systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β = −6.10; 95% CI = −10.11, −2.10; P = 0.003) and DBP (β = −3.11; 95% CI = −6.15, −0.08; P = 0.04). Also, greater adherence to a high CQI dietary pattern, compared to the reference group, was negatively related to HOMA-IR (β = −0.53; 95% CI = −0.94, −0.12) (P for trend = 0.01), WC (β = −3.18; 95% CI = −6.26, −0.10) (P for trend = 0.04), BMI (β = −1.21; 95% CI = −2.50, 0.07) (P for trend = 0.06), and BF (β = −2.06; 95% CI = −3.82, −0.30) (P for trend = 0.02).ConclusionIn line with previous studies, the CQI was inversely associated with blood pressure, WC, BMI, and BF. Further prospective and clinical trial studies are suggested to confirm these data.
Primary hemostasis in fetal growth restricted neonates studied via PFA-100 in cord blood samples
Authors: Kollia Maria , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Iliodromiti Zoi , Pouliakis Abraham , Sokou Rozeta , Mougiou Vasiliki , Boutsikou Maria , Politou Marianna , Boutsikou Theodora , Valsami Serena 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPlatelet function of fetal growth restricted (FGR) neonates remains a field of debate. Platelet function analyzer (PFA-100) offers a quantitative in vitro assessment of primary, platelet-related hemostasis. Our aim was to examine platelet function using PFA-100 in FGR neonates and associate our results with perinatal parameters.MethodsPFA-100 was applied on 74 FGR neonates, 48 full-term (&gt;37 weeks' gestation) and 26 preterm neonates (&lt;37 weeks). The control group consisted of 118 healthy neonates. Two closure times (CTs) with COL/EPI and COL/ADP cartridges were determined on cord blood samples for each subject. Statistical analysis was performed by SAS 9.4. The statistical significance level was set at 0.05 and all tests were two-tailed.ResultsCOL/EPI CTs were prolonged in FGR (median 132 s, IQR 95–181 s) compared with control neonates (median 112.5 s, IQR 93–145 s), p = 0.04. Median COL/EPI CT for term and preterm FGR neonates was 126 s (IQR 90–157 s) and 137 s (IQR 104–203), respectively (p = 0.001), and COL/ADP CT was 70 s (IQR 62–80 s) for term and 75 s (IQR 68–82 s) for preterm FGR neonates (p = 0.08). Among FGR neonates, COL/EPI CT was related with delivery time (with preterm neonates exhibiting prolonged COL/EPI CTs), p = 0.05. No correlation was proved between both CTs and hematological parameters in FGR neonates.ConclusionFGR neonates showed impaired platelet function via PFA-100, with preterm FGR neonates confronting the greatest risk. Prolonged COL/EPI CTs in FGR neonates seemed to be independent of hematological parameters and could warn for closer evaluation during the first days of their lives.
Vaccination completeness in children with rheumatic diseases: A longitudinal, observational multicenter cohort study in Switzerland
Authors: Welzel Tatjana , Kuemmerle-Deschner Jasmin , Sluka Constantin , Carlomagno Raffaella , Cannizzaro Schneider Elvira , Kaiser Daniela , Hofer Michael , Hentgen Veronique , Woerner Andreas 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionChildren with pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases (PRD) have an increased infection risk. Vaccinations are effective to avoid vaccine-preventable diseases. This study aimed to assess the vaccination completeness in Swiss PRD patients stratified by immunosuppressive treatment (IST).Materials and methodsThis multicenter observational cohort study of PRD patients was performed in Basel, Geneva, Lucerne, Lausanne, and Zurich in PRD patients aged &lt; 18 years included in the Juvenile Inflammatory Rheumatism Cohort. Completeness was assessed for i) the overall vaccination status (Swiss national immunization program (NIP) and specific additional PRD-recommended vaccinations), ii) for all and each vaccination of the NIP at PRD diagnosis and reference date (RefD) and iii) all and each specific additional PRD-recommended vaccination at RefD. Completeness was assessed over the disease course and stratified by IST.ResultsOf 616 eligible patients, 234 children were analyzed. Of these, 147 (63%) were girls. Median age at PRD diagnosis was 6.5 years (IQR 2.9–10.3) and 10.9 years at RefD (6.9–14.3). The median follow-up since PRD diagnosis was 3 years (1.1–5.5). 120/234 children received IST. At RefD, overall vaccination completeness was 3.8% (9/234 children), completeness for the NIP vaccinations was 70.1% (164/234 children; IST 65%, no IST: 75.4%) and for all specific additional PRD-recommended vaccinations was 3.8% (9/234 children; IST 2.5%; no IST 5.3%). Vaccination completeness against pneumococcal disease, hepatitis B virus, and human papilloma virus (HPV) was 50.4, 20, 37.9%, respectively. In 25/35 children with negative varicella zoster virus history vaccination status was complete (IST: 94.4%, no IST: 47%). Annual non-live influenza vaccination was complete in 24.2% of children during IST; adherence decreased over the disease course.DiscussionThis study identified a low overall vaccination completeness in children with PRD. Particularly, the completeness of specific additional PRD-recommended vaccinations was low. If not performed early after PRD diagnosis, vaccination status remained frequently incomplete. Close collaboration between pediatrician and rheumatologist to improve vaccination completeness is essential. Exchange of vaccination records, standardized assessment of specific PRD-recommended vaccinations and those of the NIP, and annual reminder for influenza vaccination are crucial to improve vaccination completeness in this vulnerable pediatric population.
Redo laparoscopic pyeloplasty for recurrent ureteropelvic junction obstruction: Propensity score matched analyses of a high-volume center
Authors: Li Jiayi , Yang Yang , Li Zonghan , Fan Songqiao , Wang Xinyu , Yang Zhenzhen , Liu Pei , Song Hongcheng , Zhang Weiping 
Published: September 2022

PurposeReview the experience of redo laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RLP) in patients with recurrent ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in comparison to primary laparoscopic pyeloplasty (PLP) and redo open pyeloplasty (ROP), and determine the feasibility and effectiveness of RLP for recurrent UPJO in children.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients treated with transperitoneal PLP, RLP, and ROP for UPJO from December 2015 to December 2022. The Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance confounding variables. RLP patients were 1:4 matched with PLP and 1:3 matched with ROP. The primary outcomes were failure and post-operative complications. Complications were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo grading system.ResultsThe study included ten patients who underwent RLP, 43 patients who underwent ROP, and 412 patients who underwent PLP. The follow-up time ranged from 6 to 36 months in the RLP group, 12 to 60 months in the PLP group, and 24 to 54 months in the ROP group. In the RLP group, no failure but three post-operative complications (Clavien grade II) were observed during the follow-up. Compared with the PLP group, the older age, higher weight, larger pre-operative anteroposterior diameter (APD) and APD/cortical thickness (P/C ratio), longer operation time, and post-operative length of stay (LOS) in the RLP group (P &lt; 0.05). After PSM, longer operation time and post-operative LOS were observed in the RLP group (P &lt; 0.05). Compared with the ROP group, the older age, higher weight, and longer post-operative LOS in the RLP group (P &lt; 0.05). After PSM, longer post-operative LOS was observed in the ROP group (P &lt; 0.05). The failure and complication rates were comparable between RLP and PLP or RLP and ROP (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionsOur result demonstrated that RLP performed as well as PLP except for a longer operation time. Compared with ROP, RLP has the advantages of a clearer surgical view, sufficient exposure, clearer anatomical landmark position, and minor trauma with a comparable clinical outcome. On experienced hands, RLP for recurrent UPJO after is a safe and effective procedure and should be considered an excellent alternative to the more commonly recommended ROP in select patients.
Effect of head position changes on the depth of tracheal intubation in pediatric patients: A prospective, observational study
Authors: Zhuang Peier , Wang Weikai , Cheng Minghua 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of changing head position on the endotracheal tube (ETT) depth and to assess the risk of inadvertent extubation and bronchial intubation in pediatric patients.MethodsSubjects aged 4–12 years old with orotracheal intubation undergoing elective surgeries were enrolled. After induction, the distances between “the ETT tip and the trachea carina” (T-C) were measured using a Disposcope flexible endoscope in head neutral position, 45° extension and flexion, 60° right and left rotation. The distance of the ETT tip movement relative to the neutral position (ΔT-C) was calculated after changing the head positions. The direction of the ETT tip displacement and the adverse events including endobronchial intubation, accidental tracheal extubation, hoarseness and sore throat were recorded.ResultsThe ETT tip moved toward the carina by 0.5 ± 0.4 cm (P &lt; 0.001) when the head was flexed. After extending the head, the ETT tip moved toward the vocal cord by 0.9 ± 0.4 cm (P &lt; 0.001). Right rotation resulted that the ETT tip moved toward the vocal cord direction by 0.6 ± 0.4 cm (P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, there was no displacement with the head on left rotation (P = 0.126). Subjects with the reinforced ETT had less ETT displacement after changing head position than the taper guard ETT.ConclusionThe changes of head position can influence the depth of the ETT especially in head extension. We recommend using the reinforced ETT to reduce the ETT displacement in pediatrics to avoid intubation complications.Clinical trial registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier, [ChiCTR2100042648].
Effects of ilaprazole on the steady-state pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers: An open-label randomized crossover study
Authors: Ye Zekang , Chen Pengsheng , Tan Chuchu , Gong Xiaoxuan , Li Ran , Dong Zhou , Ullah Inam , Zhou Chen , Zhou Sufeng , Xie Lijun , Hou Xuemei , Han Zhihui , Gu Qian , Ma Jiazheng , Teng Jianzhen , Tang Yingdan , Zhang Zhuanxia , Hu Haitang , Zhuang Quankun , Chen Juan , Zhu Bei , Shao Feng , Li Chunjian 
Published: September 2022

Background: Previous studies have suggested that proton pump inhibitors could impair the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel. It is uncertain whether ilaprazole affects the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel. This study aimed to determine the drug-drug interaction between ilaprazole and clopidogrel.Methods: A randomized crossover trial of 40 healthy subjects was performed. Clopidogrel was administered alone or in combination with ilaprazole for 7 days. The maximal platelet aggregation (MPA) to 5 μmol/L adenosine diphosphate was measured by light transmission aggregometry and the platelet reactivity index (PRI) was determined by vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein P2Y12 assay. High on-treatment platelet reactivity (HOPR) was defined as a MPA of &gt;40%. The inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA) and PRI in the two phases were compared between two regimens after the last dosing.Results: IPA was comparable between the two regimens at 0, 10 and 24 h (p &gt; 0.05), but higher at 4 h in the clopidogrel alone regimen compared with that in the combined treatment regimen (75.66 ± 18.44% vs. 70.18 ± 17.67%, p = 0.031). The inhibition of PRI was comparable between the two regimens at 0 and 24 h. There were no significant differences in the area under the time-IPA% curve (AUC) or the incidence of HOPR at all time-points between the two regimens.Conclusion: In healthy subjects, ilaprazole has limited effect on the pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel and it may not be clinically relevant.Clinical Trial Registration: [www.chictr.org.cn], identifier [ChiCTR2000031482].