bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ Bonding Regulation of Surface Ligands for Efficient and Stable FAPbI3 Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Authors: Ding Shanshan , Hao Mengmeng , Fu Changkui , Lin Tongen , Baktash Ardeshir , Chen Peng , He Dongxu , Zhang Chengxi , Chen Weijian , Whittaker Andrew K. , Bai Yang , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuantum dots (QDs) of formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) perovskite hold great potential, outperforming their inorganic counterparts in terms of phase stability and carrier lifetime, for high‐performance solar cells. However, the highly dynamic nature of FAPbI3 QDs, which mainly originates from the proton exchange between oleic acid and oleylamine (OAm) surface ligands, is a key hurdle that impedes the fabrication of high‐efficiency solar cells. To tackle such an issue, here, protonated‐OAm in situ to strengthen the ligand binding at the surface of FAPbI3 QDs, which can effectively suppress the defect formation during QD synthesis and purification processes is selectively introduced. In addition, by forming a halide‐rich surface environment, the ligand density in a broader range for FAPbI3 QDs without compromising their structural integrity, which significantly improves their optoelectronic properties can be modulated. As a result, the power conversion efficiency of FAPbI3 QD solar cells (QDSCs) is enhanced from 7.4% to 13.8%, a record for FAPbI3 QDSCs. Furthermore, the suppressed proton exchange and reduced surface defects in FAPbI3 QDs also enhance the stability of QDSCs, which retain 80% of the initial efficiency upon exposure to ambient air for 3000 hours.
One of these things is not like the other: Predictors of core and capital mentoring in adolescence
Authors: Gowdy Grace , Fruiht Veronica , Tadese Helen , Rivera March 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInformal mentoring has many demonstrated impacts on young people, including increased educational attainment, economic mobility, and both physical and mental health. Emerging work on a typology within informal mentoring suggests that “core” mentors are often extended family members and provide emotional support, while “capital” mentors are connected to formal institutions and provide valued advice and social capital. The present paper contributes to this emerging body of work by examining which qualities of a young person and their environment lead to core versus capital mentoring using a nationally representative sample of youth (N = 4226). Using both a series of regression analyses and conditional inference trees, findings demonstrate the importance of racial‐ethnic identity and socioeconomic status. Peabody Picture Vocabulary score, a likely indicator of socioeconomic resources, was consistently a robust indicator of capital mentoring. Implications for both practice and research are discussed.
Identification of a new familial case of 3q29 deletion syndrome associated with cleft lip and palate via whole‐exome sequencing
Authors: Biedziak Barbara , Dąbrowska Justyna , Szponar‐Żurowska Anna , Bukowska‐Olech Ewelina , Jamsheer Aleksander , Mojs Ewa , Mulle Jennifer , Płoski Rafał , Mostowska Adrianna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany unbalanced large copy number variants reviewed in the paper are associated with syndromic orofacial clefts, including a 1.6 Mb deletion on chromosome 3q29. The current report presents a new family with this recurrent deletion identified via whole‐exome sequencing and confirmed by array comparative genomic hybridization. The proband exhibited a more severe clinical phenotype than his affected mother, comprising right‐sided cleft lip/alveolus and cleft palate, advanced dental caries, heart defect, hypospadias, psychomotor, and speech delay, and an intellectual disability. Data analysis from the 3q29 registry revealed that the 3q29 deletion increases the risk of clefting by nearly 30‐fold. No additional rare and pathogenic nucleotide variants were identified that could explain the clefting phenotype and observed intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity. These data suggest that the 3q29 deletion may be the primary risk factor for clefting, with additional genomic variants located outside the coding sequences, methylation changes, or environmental exposure serving as modifiers of this risk. Additional studies, including whole‐genome sequencing or methylation analyses, should be performed to identify genetic factors underlying the phenotypic variation associated with the recurrent 3q29 deletion.
Participatory action research for primate conservation: A critical analysis of a nonformal education program in Southern Mexico
Authors: Franquesa‐Soler Montserrat , Jorge Sales Lucía , Silva‐Silva Rivera Evodia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHistorically, Mexico has had an important role in primate conservation research, however, studies have rarely included the human dimensions of primatology. Inclusion of these disciplines should be a priority, considering that human activities are responsible for the current socio‐ecological crisis. Mexico is habitat for three primate species, and all are threatened. This urgency demands new approaches and broader perspectives. First, we propose three main research frameworks relevant for conducting PCEPs in Latin America: Participatory Action Research, Arts‐based education in PCEPs and Knowledge Coproduction. Furthermore, we aimed to (1) describe a case study about primate conservation education in Southern Mexico based on participatory visual methods under the umbrella of Participatory Action Research (PAR), and (2) to conduct a self‐reflective, critical, straightforward, and constructive analysis of the experience. We discuss the various challenges faced during the process (e.g., traditional teaching prevalence at schools, teachers that are not school‐based, time and academic constraints). Additionally, we highlight some PAR aspects applicable for researchers and practitioners interested to go further than knowledge transmission (e.g., codesign, arts‐based education, placed‐based education, critical thinking, and capacity building). To collectively progress in primate conservation education in Mexico and other Latin American countries, projects could greatly benefit from context‐specific, people‐centered approaches, such as PAR. We encourage researchers to share more of their personal research experiences including both their successes and failures.
Open‐Cage Fullerene as Molecular Container for F−, Cl−, Br− and I−
Authors: Sun Shijun , Liu Zhen , Colombo Francesca , Gao Rui , Yu Yuming , Qiu Yi , Su Jie , Gan Liangbing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 19‐membered open‐cage fullerene derivative was prepared from C60 in 7 steps and 5.5 % yield through the peroxide‐mediate pathway. There are four carbonyl groups, an ether oxygen and a quinoxaline moiety on the rim of the orifice. A chloride anion could be inserted into its cavity by heating with hydrochloric acid at 60 °C for 4 h. Encapsulation of fluoride, bromide and iodide anions was also achieved at slightly more forcing conditions, 90 °C for 14 h. Single crystal X‐ray structures of the sodium salt of the chloride and the bromide encapsulated derivatives were obtained, which showed the halide anion in the center of the cavity and two sodium cations connecting two cages through coordination to the oxygen atoms on the rim of the orifices. The halide encapsulation ratio is quantitative in the isolated products.
Effect of CeO2 on UV aging of composite insulators prepared by template‐spraying method
Authors: He Wenjie , Zhang Fangyuan , Zhang Fengwei , He Qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhen the silicone rubber composite insulator is exposed outdoors for a long time, it will be affected by high‐temperature ultraviolet environments. In order to ensure the operation of silicone rubber composite insulators, a super‐hydrophobic composite insulator with antiaging characteristics was prepared by mixing cerium dioxide (CeO2) with silicone rubber and spraying CeO2 on the surface of silicone rubber. This article studied the aging characteristics of the base and surface of silicone rubber composite insulator by CeO2 in ultraviolet environment. The properties of silicone rubber composite insulators before and after aging were tested by mechanics, contact Angle, rolling Angle, bounce, and icing experiments. The aging mechanism of silicone rubber was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and search engine marketing. This study prepared composite insulators with excellent mechanical, hydrophobic, and antiicing properties. The aging resistance of silicone rubber composite insulators is improved by adding CeO2 into silicone rubber matrix and spraying CeO2 on the surface, which also ensure the use of composite insulators in high‐temperature ultraviolet environment.
Al2O3/h‐BN/epoxy based electronic packaging material with high thermal conductivity and flame retardancy
Authors: Li You , Xiong Tianshun , Xu Chaochao , Qian Yongxin , Tao Yang , Wang Luyao , Jiang Qinghui , Luo Yubo , Yang Junyou 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe long‐term and stable operation of integrated circuits and microelectronics requires packaging epoxy resin (EP) exhibit high thermal conductivity for efficient heat dissipation, and excellent flame retardancy in case of thermal runaway. We achieved such EP composite via filling poly‐dopamine (PDA) modified nanoscale Al2O3 spheres and microscale h‐BN sheets. The PDA modification increases the compatibility between fillers and EP and largely reduces the viscosity, improving the dispersion of fillers in EP thus the thermal conductivity of EP composites. In addition, NH3, H2O, and N2 generated during the combustion of phenolic hydroxyls and aminos in PDA combined with the physical barrier effect of Al2O3 and h‐BN can improve the flame retardancy of EP composites. As a consequence, the EP composite filled with PDA modified Al2O3 (26.67 wt%) and h‐BN (13.33 wt%) (i.e., PDA‐BNAO/EP) shows a thermal conductivity of 1.192 W/mK (654.9% of EP), a peak heat release rate of 194.9 W/g (33.8% of EP), and total heat release of 15.2 kJ/g (54.5% of EP), respectively. What's more, the viscosity of PDA‐BNAO/EP is 20,443 mPa s, which is only 20% of BNAO/EP (whose viscosity is 102,281 mPa s). More importantly, the PDA‐BNAO/EP has good dynamic mechanical properties with the storage modulus of 14.69 Gpa, glass transition temperature of 91.9°C and good electrical insulation, which is desired for packaging of microelectronics. PDA‐BNAO/EP composite should be a promising candidate for widespread packaging materials of microelectronics.
Tri‐metallic quantum dot under the influence of solvent additive for improved performance of polymer solar cells
Authors: Oseni Saheed O. , Osifeko Olawale L. , Boyo Adenike O. , Mola Genene Tessema 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCdTeSe colloidal quantum dot (QD) was used to enhance photon capture in thin film polymer solar cells (TFPSC). The QDs were synthesized in aqueous media from two different precursors. Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) polymer blends composed of P3HT and PCBM were used as an absorber layer of the solar cell to investigate the effect of QDs. Different concentrations of QDs were used in the polymer matrix, which significantly impacted the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the doped devices. More device performance growth was recorded by employing a small amount of solvent additives to disperse the QDs and increase the polymer's crystallinity in the medium. Hence, the addition of 1, Chloronaphthalene (CN) solvent additive in the QD‐doped bulk heterojunction film further enhanced the overall performance of the TFPSC due to improved film morphology that has significantly influenced the charge transport processes. Consequently, the PCE of the solar cell increased by nearly 50% compared to the pristine TFPSC due to the effect of solvent additives.
Mechanical fatigue of recycled and virgin high‐/low‐density polyethylene
Authors: Zhang Jian , Hirschberg Valerian , Rodrigue Denis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe high consumption rates of polymers generate large amounts of wastes imposing long‐term adverse effects on the environment combined with a significant carbon footprint. So the appeal for a circular economy is becoming loud enough to take actions. Despite increasing interests for polymer recycling, some reserves about their mechanical performances, especially long‐term properties such as fatigue resistance, are barriers to introduce more recycled polymers back into production lines. In this study, a comparison between the fatigue resistance of virgin and recycled high‐/low‐density polyethylene (H/LDPE) is made to provide more quantitative information to address these concerns. Although some recycled polymers (HDPE) show similar tensile properties compared to virgin ones, significant differences can be observed in their fatigue lifetime. So tensile testing alone is not sufficient to provide a complete information about the overall properties of recycled polymers. Our results show that recycling polymers does not necessarily result in reduced fatigue resistance.
Scalable Mechanochemical Synthesis of β‐Ketoenamine‐linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Methane Storage
Authors: Asokan Kiran , Patil Manoj Krishnat , Mukherjee Shatabdi Porel , Sukumaran Santhosh Babu , Nandakumar T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the current scenario of increased pollution and releasing toxic gases by burning petroleum products, switching to natural gas is more promising for reducing CO2 emissions and air pollutants. Hence, research on Liquefied Natural Gas and Compressed Natural Gas is gaining more value. However, natural gas primarily consists of CH4, which has less energy density than conventional fuels. Interestingly, since the C−H ratio of CH4 gas is 1 : 4, it is easily combustible, gives less carbon footprint, and reduces unburnt hydrocarbon pollution. Hence, research on storing and transporting CH4 has utmost importance, and porous materials are one of the suitable candidates for storing CH4. Herein we report the scalable synthesis of highly porous and crystalline covalent organic frameworks for storing CH4 at room temperature and pressure. Two COFs, namely, Tp‐Azo and Tp‐Azo‐BD(Me)2, synthesized in 1 kg at ∼45 g batch scale using a Planetary mixer, displayed a maximum BET surface area of around 3345 m2/g, and 2342 m2/g and CH4 storage of 174.10 cc/cc and 151 cc/cc, respectively. A comparison of the CH4 sorption of Tp‐Azo and Tp‐Azo‐BD(Me)2 COFs synthesized in different batches has a variation of only ±5 cc/cc and shows the consistency in bulk scale synthesis of COFs. The cyclic equilibrium CH4 adsorption studies showed the COFs are stable with consistent CH4 adsorption and desorption cycles. The present study is a step towards the scalable mechanochemical synthesis of COFs for gas storage applications.
Algal Toxins in Drinking Water: Standards and Guidelines
Authors: Cotruvo Joseph A. 
Published: November 2022

Key TakeawaysCyanobacteria can, but do not always, produce toxins that may be found in algal blooms, which can pose a public health threat even at low levels in water.The US Environmental Protection Agency, the World Health Organization, and Health Canada have taken varying approaches to establishing guidances for monitoring and managing algal toxins.Although based on different assumptions and interpretations, with somewhat different outcomes, all of the assessments provide appropriate safeguards for drinking water, with different water system impacts and at different treatment costs.
The Surprising Origins of Dedicated Funding for US Lead Pipe Replacement
Authors: Vedachalam Sridhar , Franzen Elias 
Published: November 2022

Key TakeawaysLead service line replacement (LSLR) is a cost‐effective and popular policy decision.The Water Infrastructure Fund Transfer Act (WIFTA) was a small, idiosyncratic program designed to help Newark, N.J., through its lead crisis.WIFTA was a mixed success but spawned a larger push for expanded federal funding for LSLR; more funding is possible if existing funding programs deliver faster replacement.
Targeting RAS mutants in malignancies: successes, failures, and reasons for hope
Authors: Yang Hang , Zhou Xinyi , Fu Dongliang , Le Chenqin , Wang Jiafeng , Zhou Quan , Liu Xiangrui , Yuan Ying , Ding Kefeng , Xiao Qian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRAS genes are the most frequently mutated oncogenes and play critical roles in the development and progression of malignancies. The mutation, isoform (KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS), position, and type of substitution vary depending on the tissue types. Despite decades of developing RAS‐targeted therapies, only small subsets of these inhibitors are clinically effective, such as the allele‐specific inhibitors against KRASG12C. Targeting the remaining RAS mutants would require further experimental elucidation of RAS signal transduction, RAS‐altered metabolism, and the associated immune microenvironment. This study reviews the mechanisms and efficacy of novel targeted therapies for different RAS mutants, including KRAS allele‐specific inhibitors, combination therapies, immunotherapies, and metabolism‐associated therapies.
miR‐138‐5p inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer via regulating SP1/LGR5 axis
Authors: Zou Qing‐Tao , Lin Yi , Luo Qing‐Yu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main malignancies that seriously threaten human health. Considering the high mortality and morbidity associated with this disease, even surgical resection and chemotherapy may not be sufficient in certain cases. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of miR‐138‐5p in regulating CRC progression. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and western blot were performed to assess the levels of mRNA and proteins, including miR‐138‐5p, leucine‐rich repeat‐containing G protein‐coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), SP1, β‐catenin, cyclin D1, and c‐myc. The bioactivities of LoVo and HCT116 cells were assessed via MTT assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assay. StarBase was used to identify the downstream targets of genes. Double luciferase reporter and RIP assays revealed the direct binding of miR‐138‐5p to SP1 and of SP1 to LGR5. Our results illustrated that miR‐138‐5p was downregulated in CRC and its knockdown accelerated CRC progression. Conversely, SP1 was upregulated in CRC and its knockdown inhibited CRC progression. SP1 is also targeted by miR‐138‐5p and binds to LGR5. This study showed that miR‐138‐5p inhibits LoVo and HCT116 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Overall, miR‐138‐5p regulates CRC progression and promotes apoptosis via the SP1/LGR5 axis. This study indicates that miR‐138‐5p is involved in regulating CRC progression.
Bright Organic Mechanoluminescence and Remarkable Mechanofluorochromism from Circularly Polarized TADF Enantiomers with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Properties**
Authors: Zheng Yitao , Zhang Letian , Huang Zihao , Li Shufeng , Zuo Lingqi , Liang Yaohui , Liu Cong , Luo Suilian , Shi Guang , Zhao Zujin , Sun Fengqiang , Xu Bingjia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development of circularly polarized thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP‐TADF) luminogens with stimuli‐response characteristics remains challenging. Herein, a pair of organic enantiomers,S‐CzTA andR‐CzTA, with aggregation‐induced emission properties, have been successfully developed by introducing chiral 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalene and carbazole to phthalimide. They present CP‐TADF properties in toluene solutions, giving dissymmetric factors of 0.84×10−3and −1.03×10−3, respectively. In the crystalline state, bothS‐CzTA andR‐CzTA can emit intense blue TADF and produce very bright sky‐blue mechanoluminescence (ML) and remarkable mechanofluorochromism (MFC) under the stimuli of mechanical force. Single‐crystal analysis and theoretical calculation results suggest that their ML activities are probably associated with their chiral and polar molecular structures and unique non‐centrosymmetric molecular packing modes. Furthermore, the MFC properties of the enantiomers likely originate from the destruction of crystal structure, leading to the planarization of molecular conformation. This work may provide helpful guidance for developing new CP‐TADF materials with force‐stimuli‐responsive properties.
Scalable, Green Chain Transfer Agent for Cationic RAFT Polymerizations
Authors: Spring Scott W. , Cerione Chloe S. , Hsu Jesse H. , Shankel Shelby L. , Fors Brett P. 
Published: November 2022

Comprehensive SummaryCationic polymerizations of vinyl ethers have gained recent attention due to their ability to produce robust, biorenewable materials. These developments have been largely enabled by the advent of cationic reversible addition−fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) polymerization; however, the scalability and sustainability of this method are hindered by current chain‐transfer agents (CTAs), which exist as viscous, colored oils requiring complex syntheses and solvent‐intensive purification. Herein, we produce a solid, colorless CTA through a green synthetic route in 83% yield on a 50‐gram scale. We investigate the utility of this CTA in chemical, electrochemical, photochemical, and acid‐initiated methods, revealing that it achieves efficient polymerization with excellent control over molecular weight, low dispersity values, high chain end fidelity, and temporal control in cationic RAFT polymerizations.
Multimorbidity, functional impairment, and mortality in older patients stable after prior acute myocardial infarction: Insights from the TIGRIS registry
Authors: Bagai Akshay , Ali Faeez M. , Gregson John , Alexander Karen P. , Cohen Mauricio G. , Sundell Karolina Andersson , Simon Tabassome , Westermann Dirk , Yasuda Satoshi , Brieger David , Goodman Shaun G. , Nicolau Jose C. , Granger Christopher B. , Pocock Stuart 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundData on the association of multimorbidity and functional impairment with cardiovascular (CV) and non‐CV outcomes among older myocardial infarction (MI) patients are limited.HypothesisMultimorbidity and functional impairment among older MI patients are associated with CV and non‐CV mortality.MethodsPatients aged ≥65 years, 1−3 years post‐MI, and enrolled between June 2013 and Novemeber 2014 from 349 sites in 25 countries in the global TIGRIS registry were categorized by age, number of comorbidities, and presence and degree of functional impairment. Functional impairment was calculated using five‐dimension EuroQol based on three domains—mobility, self‐care, and usual activities. The association between age, number of comorbid conditions, and degree of functional impairment with 2‐year incidence of CV and non‐CV death was evaluated using Poisson regression analysis.ResultsOlder age was associated with higher number of comorbidities and functional impairment; after adjustment, increasing age was significantly associated with non‐CV mortality (p = .03) but not CV mortality (p = .38). Greater functional impairment was associated with a higher rate and relatively equal magnitude risk of CV (rate ratios [RR] 1.52, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.29−1.79, per one‐step increase) and non‐CV mortality (RR 1.42, 95% CI: 1.17−1.73). Multimorbidity was more strongly associated with CV mortality (RR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.38−1.67, per additional comorbidity) versus non‐CV mortality (RR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.14−1.47, per additional comorbidity).ConclusionsMultimorbidity and functional impairment are prevalent among older post‐MI patients and are associated with increased CV and non‐CV mortality. These findings highlight the importance of considering comorbid conditions and functional impairment as predictors of risk for adverse outcomes and aspects of medical decision making. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT01866904.