bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OLDER ADULTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Holland Alexandra , Milani Sadaf 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Climate change is one of the biggest threats to human health, resulting in an increase in the frequency and intensity of heatwaves, storms, and other natural disasters. Older adults are at an increased risk from these effects and often have higher rates of morbidity and mortality from climate change-related impacts. As climate change progresses, adaptive strategies are critical for reducing the disproportionate health burden many older adults face. However, little is known about what evidence-based adaptive mechanisms exist that are appropriate for older adults. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review to identify potential climate change adaptation strategies and solutions for older adults. An Ovid MEDLINE search was done using search terms related to “older adults”, “health”, and “climate change adaptation.” Articles had to be in English and focused on adaptation to climate change for older adults. The initial search returned 399 articles, and after article review, we found 133 articles that met our inclusion criteria. Most of the articles with findings related to climate change adaptation focused on extreme temperatures, such as heatwaves, followed by natural disasters. Emergent themes of the review include older adults’ perception of their own vulnerability and individual adaptive actions and behaviors. There was a lack of research involving systemic adaptive actions aside from national heat plans and built environment modifications. This scoping review can be used to increase older adults’ resilience and inform future systemic adaptive actions to prevent disproportionate morbidity and mortality due to climate change.
LONG-TERM PANDEMIC EFFECTS ON SOCIAL ACTIVITY AND LONELINESS AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN AN URBAN COMMUNITY
Authors: Lindsay Rebecca , Gaye Angela , Lee-Turner Meosia , Hill-Ashford Yolanda , Brewer Robin , Robinson-Lane Sheria , Janevic Mary 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic sharply curtailed social activity among older adults. In Detroit, an underserved area impacted by structural inequities, older adults were at particularly high risk for social isolation, given the digital divide and prolonged closures of senior and community centers. While daily life has now mostly normalized, little is known about the extent to which older adults have re-engaged in social activities following the lengthy disruption. We examined baseline data collected in 2023-24 from an ongoing randomized controlled trial in Detroit of the RESET intervention (Re-Engaging in Self-care, Enjoying Today). Participants rated their level of 1) loneliness and 2) social activity compared to pre-pandemic (1=much lower to 5=much higher). The sample (N=213) was 91% female and 85% African American, mean age 68 years (range 50 to 90), and 54% lived alone. Almost half (46.0%%) of the sample reported that their current social activity level was much lower or lower than pre-pandemic, and 34.8% that their loneliness level was much higher or higher. No significant differences were found by age group (under 65 vs 65+) or living alone vs. with others. We then examined open-ended responses to a question about continued pandemic impact. Major themes were: ongoing fear of COVID-19 infection, caution about gatherings/crowds, and persistent mood problems. These data show that for some older adults, the pandemic continues to have adverse effects on social activity and loneliness. Targeted interventions that address and accommodate older adults’ ongoing COVID-19 concerns may be needed to boost social functioning in this group.
PROBLEMS AND DISTRESS AMONG OLDER ADULTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A LONGITUDINAL THEMATIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Aldwin Carolyn , Igarashi Heidi , Kurth Maria , Choun Soyoung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite their greater physical risk and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults reported better mental health and less stress than younger adults, perhaps because they often under-report mental health symptoms and stress in quantitative studies. However, only two small qualitative studies examined stress over time older adults during the pandemic. We examined longitudinal qualitative data on weekly COVID-related problems from internet surveys over an eight-week period early on during the pandemic; 236 out of 249 (95%) respondents reported any problems; of these, 208 (97%) reported problems at three or more time points (nobs=1495, 6.07, SD=2.54, range=3-8). The sample ranged in age from 55-95 (M=71.34, SD=7.29); 74% female, 89% white, and 54% BA+. Using content analysis, we identified 15 codes (Krippendorf’s cu-alpha =.714). Across time, most respondents (76%) described consistent types of difficulties (&gt; 50% of the episodes); problems with everyday protective activities (restrictions, mask wearing) was most common (28%), followed by social connections (missing friends and family; 18%) and psychological distress (17%), often expressed in everyday language, e.g., “cabin fever,” “grinding uncertainty,” or through diacritics (e.g., all caps, multiple exclamation points). However, thematic analysis showed that 27% changed over time, with 7% describing greater social isolation and 9% increasing psychological distress, balanced by 11% who showed increasing adjustment (managing risk). The latter two codes often co-occurred; perhaps navigating an ever-changing COVID landscape increased uncertainty and anxiety. This analysis provided a more nuanced view: problems were near universal in older adults and distress not uncommon.
PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF INCREASING HATE CRIMES AGAINST ASIAN AMERICANS AND PERCEPTIONS OF ACTIVISM DURING COVID-19
Authors: Kim Eunhye , Choi Y Joon , Griffith Candace 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to examine how Asian hate crimes impact Korean American older adults’ daily life and their perception of social advocacy during COVID-19.

Background
In addition to the health crisis, Asian Americans have experienced more risk and challenges during the pandemic due to the explosion of anti-Asian hate crime incidents. Violence against older Asian Americans increases fear and anxiety not only for individuals directly affected but for entire Asian communities. In this regard, understanding older Asian Americans’ perception of hate crimes against Asians and their attitudes about social advocacy can help guide support and services for this population.

Methods
A qualitative approach was used for this study, including semi-structured interview guides with 23 Korean American older adults. Data organization was conducted with Nvivo12, employing thematic analysis to identify key themes and sub-themes.

Results
The findings showed that participants believed that rising anti-Asian hate crimes have restricted Asian American’s daily activities by increasing fear and feelings of being perpetual foreigners in American society. Participants believed that social action is necessary to change society, but they still hold passive attitudes on social action and have a lack of resources. They believed leaders and other powerful figures in the community rather than individuals should address social problems.

Conclusion
Findings from this study highlight the psychological impact of anti-Asian hate crimes and the importance of expanding support for ethnic minority older adults to voice out and promoting increased advocacy for this population.
THE PANDEMIC AND DIGITAL DIVIDE FOR OLDER ADULTS: LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTH AGING TRENDS STUDY
Authors: Kim BoRin , Park Joonhyeog , Cho Joonyoung , Park Sojung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Older adults have been disadvantaged in utilizing information and communication technologies (ICTs). The pandemic has underscored the importance of ICTs in facilitating remote activities such as social connectivity, banking, and shopping. This study explored transitions of ICT use among older adults and investigated the impact of the pandemic on the digital divide. Data came from five waves of the National Health and Aging Trend Study (2018~2022), and our sample included respondents over 70 years at the baseline (N=1,717). Latent transition profile analysis was used to identify distinct subgroups of ICT use and to analyze the change and stability of subgroups based on five ICT use measures: emails, online search, online grocery shopping, Internet banking, and social media. Multinominal regression analyses were used to examine the factors impacting the transitions of ICT use. Four distinct clusters were identified: minimal, email-only, moderate, and diverse/heavy users. The largest subgroup was minimal users (42~45%), followed by diverse/heavy users (25~28%). More than 90% of older adults in these two groups stayed in the same group over time, which shows a significant digital divide. Email-only users were characterized by a stronger tendency toward moderate users (transition probabilities=20~27.5%). While socioeconomic status was a significant predictor of the digital divide before the pandemic, social support was found to be critical to helping older adults use more diverse and frequent ICTs after the pandemic. Our empirical findings provide evidence of exacerbating the digital divide during the pandemic and highlight the importance of social support in reducing the digital divide.
ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE AGE AND GRIP STRENGTH IN OLDER POPULATIONS
Authors: Paccagnella Omar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Subjective age is the extent to which an individual feels younger or older than his/her chronological age. A large amount of literature shows that feeling younger is associated with better physical, psychological and cognitive outcomes. In this work, we exploit the richness and the comparability of three sister surveys on ageing (HRS, ELSA, SHARE, using both the Gateway to Global Aging Data platform and the original datasets) to investigate the relationship between subjective age and handgrip strength, that can be thought as an objective measure of physical health. Three different countries (UK, US, Israel) are separately analyzed and data on subjective age are collected in three different time periods (2004, 2008, 2015, respectively). The common framework is provided by the grip measurements that are collected four years later than subjective age answers in each survey. A set with the same harmonized characteristics across all countries is identified and used in the final estimations. The Heckman selection model is the adopted solution, to take sample selection bias (due to attrition) into account. Models are estimated by gender. The main results of our analysis are: i) controlling for selection bias, no statistically significant relationship between subjective age and grip strength appears in any country, reversing many findings we can observe when selectivity effects are neglected; ii) subjective age can be a promising exclusion variable when a selection approach is adopted (individuals who feel younger than their chronological age are more likely to collect data in subsequent survey waves).
SENSORY DIFFICULTIES AND SOCIAL ISOLATION AMONG MEXICAN, US HISPANIC AND, US NON-HISPANIC INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Tanner Corinna Trujillo , Yorgason Jeremy , Fankhouser Rebekah Case , Olmo Jeana , Wanlass Jase , Markides Kyriakos , Ehrlich Joshua , Wettstein Markus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Hispanic cultural value of Familismo describes strong identification and attachment of individuals with their families and is protective against social isolation. Hispanics comprise the largest minority group in the US and are more likely to live in intergenerational households. Sensory difficulty, including vision and hearing difficulty, are prevalent among older adults, disproportionately affecting Hispanic individuals. Research shows that aging and sensory difficulty are associated with an increased risk of social isolation. Using data from adults age 50 to 100 that participated in the Mexican Health and Aging Study, and Hispanic and non-Hispanic participants of the Health and Retirement Study, we explored how sensory difficulty related to social isolation. Social isolation was measured by assessing whether or not participants lived alone, had weekly contact with children and friends/relatives, and if they participated in weekly social activities. Findings suggested that vision and hearing difficulty rates were much higher among Mexican and US Hispanic individuals compared to US non-Hispanics. In contrast, social isolation was higher among US non-Hispanic individuals. Regression models with sensory difficulty predicting social isolation by country/ethnicity indicated that vision difficulty was associated with social isolation for Mexican and US non-Hispanic individuals, but not for US Hispanics. Hearing difficulty was associated with social isolation only for US non-Hispanic individuals. Among Mexican and US Hispanic individuals, it appears that age accounts for social isolation more so than sensory difficulty, and Familismo appears to protect against isolation. Among US non-Hispanics, sensory difficulty contribute to social isolation to a greater extent.
ASSESSING THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS AND GOALS OF DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS: DEVELOPMENT OF THE COPE-ING MEASURE
Authors: Aguirre Alyssa , Benge Jared , Samson Andrew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLWD) are diverse, yet there is a shortage of measures that efficiently identify the personalized needs and goals of a given caregiver. To address this gap, this study outlines the development of an Individualized Needs and Goals assessment for use with the Caregiver Outcomes of Psychotherapy Evaluation (COPE-ING). In phase 1, 52 participants (N=28 caregivers; N=24 dementia professionals) were recruited to provide feedback on the preliminary COPE-ING measure. Participants rated each item on a Likert scale (1- Not important at all to 5-Extremely Important) on how important they felt each item is to dementia caregivers. While all items were endorsed as important, qualitative feedback emphasized the need for simpler language, substituting ‘cognitive impairment’ with ‘dementia’ and providing specific examples of services. A revised version of the COPE-ING was subsequently administered in an ongoing clinical sample. In preliminary findings, initial analysis revealed great heterogeneity in caregiver perceived top priorities for care, with 30% selecting learning more about dementia as a top priority, but a wide variety of topics being selected as top priorities for the remainder of the sample. These findings outline the initial development of the COPE-ING, a novel measure designed to capture the individualized needs and goals of dementia caregivers. This study underscores the importance of creating caregiver measures that extend beyond burden. The COPE-ING holds promise for use in evidence-based interventions to facilitate the rapid identification of caregiver needs and goals in hospital or community settings.
CAREGIVER PHYSICAL HEALTH AND RISK OF ABUSE AND NEGLECT AMONG PERSONS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Bennett Henrietta , Browning Wesley , Yildiz Mustafa , Pickering Carolyn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dementia family caregivers face unique challenges that increase their risk for poor physical health. Caregivers with worse physical health may have difficulty completing caregiving tasks, placing their care recipients at risk of negative health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of caregivers’ satisfaction with daily sleep quality and self-reported global health and the daily risk of engaging in abusive and neglectful behaviors towards their care recipient. Using a micro-longitudinal approach, the study included 453 family caregivers who lived with and provided unpaid care to a family member living with dementia. Results from Generalized Linear Mixed models revealed that caregivers who reported being more satisfied with their sleep quality than normal on a given day had a 23% lower likelihood of engaging in physically aggressive behaviors (OR = 0.77, p &lt;.05) and a 20% lower likelihood of engaging in psychologically aggressive behaviors that same day (OR = 0.80, p &lt;.001). Similarly, better than average sleep satisfaction on a given day was found to have a protective effect against neglect, with a 9% reduction in the likelihood of engaging in neglectful behaviors (OR = 0.91, p &lt;.01). Caregiver self-reported health did not affect daily odds of abusive and neglectful behaviors. These findings identify sleep satisfaction as a modifiable daily protective factor against elder abuse and neglect and suggest a need for adaptation and implementation of sleep interventions for dementia family caregivers.
DEMENTIA RISK ATTRIBUTED TO THREE METABOLIC FACTORS: A BURDEN OF PROOF STUDY
Authors: Nguyen Anh Thy , Xu Yvonne Yiru , Dai Xiaochen , Razo Christian , Ong Liane , Chen Natalie , Buxbaum Channa , Steinmetz Jaimie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hypertension, diabetes, and obesity are three widely recognized drivers of dementia risk. However, the dose-response relationships between continuous indicators of these conditions and dementia incidence and mortality have not been quantified systematically. The Burden of Proof methodology, a meta-analytic framework developed by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, enables a robust estimation of these relationships along exposure ranges, considers between-study heterogeneity, and enables comparisons of the strength of evidence between risk-outcome pairs. Using this framework, we estimated the mean relative risk (RR) and uncertainty intervals (UI) that account for between-study heterogeneity for systolic blood pressure (SBP; 51 studies), fasting plasma glucose (FPG; 11 studies), and body mass index (BMI; 15 studies). For SBP, compared to 100 mmHg, the estimated mean RR for dementia was 1.03 (95% UI=1.00-1.07) at 140 mmHg (threshold for hypertension), increasing to 1.17 (95% UI=1.01-1.37) at 180 mmHg. At an FPG value of 7 mmol/L (consistent with diabetes diagnosis), mean RR was 1.31 (95% UI=1.07-1.61, compared to 4 mmol/L), increasing to 1.51 (95% UI=1.10-2.06) at 8 mmol/L (85th percentile of exposure). For BMI, mean RR estimates were above 1.00, although the estimates were not statistically significant. Our findings highlight the significant impact of elevated SBP and FPG levels on increasing dementia risk, underscoring the importance of managing blood pressure and glucose levels in the population. The marginal association between BMI and dementia merits further investigation to understand to its influence within the broader spectrum of dementia risk factors.
NEIGHBORHOOD LIFE FOR PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-SYNTHESIS OF WALKING INTERVIEWS
Authors: Wang Wenjin , Chen Xi , Lee Chanam , Zhang Ziying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The number of persons with dementia (PwDs) is rising significantly, with most still residing in the community and spending much time within their neighborhoods. This study aims to provide a critical and comprehensive review of existing qualitative studies documenting the impact of neighborhood environments on PwDs’ attitudes and perceptions toward their neighborhood life. A systematic search of Web of Science, Pubmed, CINAHL Ultimate, APA PsycInfo, Academic Search Ultimate, and EMBASE was conducted. Empirical studies on community-dwelling PwDs that use walking interviews in the neighborhoods were included in the review/synthesis. Meta-synthesis guided data collection, quality assessment, and analysis. The search resulted in 17317 articles of which 17 met the eligibility criteria. They had a combined sample of 186 people with memory problems, mild cognitive impairment, or dementia. Preliminary results suggest three themes— (1) Physical environment: Land use, urban design, transportation, wayfinding and legibility, and outdoor interaction and comfort are integral for PwDs connecting with the neighborhood; (2) Social Environment: Care, support, and connections foster PwDs‘social health, while neighborhood engagement and belonging enhance their identity and quality of life; (3) Technological Environment: Access to and use of technology can bridge gaps in PwDs’ everyday communication and activity, facilitating their presence and engagement. This is the first effort to synthesize qualitative evidence obtained directly from community-dwelling PwDs who face additional challenges in maintaining a positive neighborhood life. The significant roles of the many environmental elements/features across the physical, social, and technology domains can guide future research and practice toward creating dementia-friendly communities.
PAIN COMPETENCY EVALUATION IN DEMENTIA (PACED) SCALE: DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF CONTENT VALIDITY
Authors: Liao Yo-Jen , Jao Ying-Ling , Boltz Marie , Chi Nai-Ching , Berish Diane , Murphy Terrence 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pain management remains under-addressed among persons with dementia; understanding nurses’ pain management competency in this particular population is a first step. However, limited tools objectively evaluate nurses’ pain management competency among people with dementia. This study aimed to develop Pain Competency Evaluation in Dementia (PACED), an observational scale to evaluate nurses’ pain management competency in those with dementia. Reviews of pain management literature, guidelines, and protocols were conducted and consisted of five sections: history taking, pain assessment, physical and functional assessment, pain treatment, and documentation. Each item is scored on a 0-3 scale (0=not performed, 1=inaccurate, 2=partially accurate, or 3=accurate). This scale was distributed to seven researchers and clinicians with expertise in pain and/or dementia to evaluate its content validity using a Delphi survey approach. Each expert rated each item on a 1-4 scale (1= unclear/irrelevant to 4=very clear/relevant). The index of content validity (I-CVI) was calculated as the proportion of items with ratings of 3 and 4, with higher scores indicating better clarity/relevancy. A relevance I-CVI&gt;0.79 and a clarity I-CVI≥0.83 are considered relevant and clear, respectively. Results showed that 24/24 items are relevant (mean I-CVI=0.97 [SD=0.06]) and 9/24 items are clear (mean I-CVI=0.73 [SD=0.12]). Experts suggested creating a monitoring tool/checklist for nurses, combining similar items, and adding more details for certain items. Further revisions are needed for the 15 unclear items across 5 sections. Psychometric evaluations are essential to validate the PACED scale. Ultimately, the validated PACED scale will help improve pain management in persons with dementia.