bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of age on resilience of health-related quality of life among polytrauma patients: a cross-sectional multicenter study
Authors: de Vries Rob , Reininga Inge , de Graaf Max , Banierink Hester , Bosma Eelke , Munzebrock Arvid , Heineman Erik , Moumni Mostafa El , Wendt Klaus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of age on patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the capacity to show resilience—i.e., the ability to adapt to stressful adverse events—after sustaining a polytrauma.

Methods
A cross-sectional multicenter cohort was conducted between 2013 and 2016 that included surviving polytrauma patients (ISS ≥ 16). HRQoL was obtained by the Short Musculoskeletal Function assessment and EuroQol (SMFA and EQ-5D-5L). The effect of age on HRQoL was tested with linear regression analysis. Next, the individual scores were compared with age- and sex-matched normative data to determine whether they showed resilience. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to assess the effect of age on reaching the normative threshold of the surveys, correcting for several confounders.

Results
A total of 363 patients responded (57%). Overall, patients had a mean EQ-5D-5L score of 0.73. With higher age, scores on the SMFA subscales “upper extremity dysfunction,” “lower extremity dysfunction” and “daily activities” significantly dropped. Only 42% of patients were classified as being resilient, based on the EQ-5D-5L score. Patients aged 60–69 showed the highest resilience (56%), and those aged 80 + showed the lowest resilience (0%).

Conclusion
Sustaining a polytrauma leads to a serious decline in HRQoL. Aging is associated with a decline in the physical components of HRQoL. No clear relationship with age was seen on the non-physical components of quality of life. Octogenarians, and to a lesser extent septuagenarians and tricenarians, showed to be very vulnerable groups, with low rates of resilience after surviving a polytrauma.
Vein-type gold formation during late extensional collapse of the Eastern Desert, Egypt: the Gidami deposit
Authors: Zoheir Basem , McAleer Ryan , Steele-MacInnis Matthew , Zeh Armin , Bain Wyatt , Poulette Spencer 
Published: November 2022

Abstract Orogenic gold deposits, though construed to focused fluid flow during orogenesis, commonly post-date the main accretionary events. Several lines of evidence indicate that orogenic gold formation in the Arabian–Nubian Shield continued through the orogen collapse stage and associated rapid exhumation and thermal re-equilibration. The Gidami gold deposit in the Eastern Desert of Egypt is associated with post-foliation, brittle-ductile shear zones that deformed a weakly foliated tonalite-trondhjemite massif dated as ~ 704 Ma (U–Pb zircon age). Gold-sulfide quartz veins exhibit textural features indicative of repeated mylonitization, recrystallization, and muscovite crystallization. New 40Ar/39Ar ages of muscovite flakes from the auriferous quartz veins and from the altered wallrock overlap within analytical uncertainty at ~ 583 Ma, which corresponds to the climax of extension-related wrenching and rapid exhumation in the region (~ 596 to 582 Ma). Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) data coupled with microtextural characteristics suggest that early formed pyrite generations experienced substantial fluid-mediated recrystallization, and that a set of metals was remobilized by later fluids. A late generation of fibrous pyrite, ubiquitous in microfractures, deposited while the veins re-opened and deformed. The occurrence of free gold particles along with a late-paragenetic assemblage of galena-sphalerite-chalcopyrite(± hessite ± cervelleite) was related to influx of low salinity, metalliferous H2O-NaCl-CO2-CH4 fluids as indicated by the fluid inclusion laser Raman spectroscopy and microthermometry results. Au-mobilization and redeposition at T ≤ 350 °C and P ~ 1 to 1.7 kbar, triggered by intermittent fluid pluses and thermal re-equilibration, were most likely stimulated by extensional structures and within-plate magmatism. Coincident province- and deposit-scale pressure–temperature-time data highlight the pivotal role of the orogenic collapse tectonics in gold endowment in the Central Eastern Desert’s crust.
Do current and capital account liberalizations affect economic growth in the long run?
Authors: Gregori Tullio , Giansoldati Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigate the long-run relationship between de jure trade openness and economic growth as well as between de jure financial openness and economic growth for a panel of 118 developed and developing countries in the period 1970–2017. We fit a cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag model and unveil the positive association between both liberalizations and economic growth in the global panel and for the more developed countries. Conversely, only trade liberalization is linked with larger output growth in less developed nations. We complement these results with a long-run causality analysis, which reveals that for the whole sample and for the two subsamples both de jure trade and de jure financial openness jointly cause economic growth. These outcomes may be indicative that during the time span under scrutiny developing countries faced current account crises when they stuck to the early prescriptions of the Washington Consensus. Yet, they later adopted a more nuanced view of economic liberalism putting in place a number of capital controls, which protected them from sudden stops and capital reversals.
A Near Four-Decade Time Series Shows the Hawaiian Islands Have Been Browning Since the 1980s
Authors: Madson Austin , Dimson Monica , Fortini Lucas Berio , Kawelo Kapua , Ticktin Tamara , Keir Matt , Dong Chunyu , Ma Zhimin , Beilman David W. , Kay Kelly , Ocón Jonathan Pando , Gallerani Erica , Pau Stephanie , Gillespie Thomas W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Hawaiian Islands have been identified as a global biodiversity hotspot. We examine the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using Climate Data Records products (0.05 × 0.05°) to identify significant differences in NDVI between neutral El Niño-Southern Oscillation years (1984, 2019) and significant long-term changes over the entire time series (1982–2019) for the Hawaiian Islands and six land cover classes. Overall, there has been a significant decline in NDVI (i.e., browning) across the Hawaiian Islands from 1982 to 2019 with the islands of Lāna’i and Hawai’i experiencing the greatest decreases in NDVI (≥44%). All land cover classes significantly decreased in NDVI for most months, especially during the wet season month of March. Native vegetation cover across all islands also experienced significant declines in NDVI, with the leeward, southwestern side of the island of Hawai’i experiencing the greatest declines. The long-term trends in the annual total precipitation and annual mean Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) for 1982–2019 on the Hawaiian Islands show significant concurrent declines. Primarily positive correlations between the native ecosystem NDVI and precipitation imply that significant decreases in precipitation may exacerbate the decrease in NDVI of native ecosystems. NDVI-PDSI correlations were primarily negative on the windward side of the islands and positive on the leeward sides, suggesting a higher sensitivity to drought for leeward native ecosystems. Multi-decadal time series and spatially explicit data for native landscapes provide natural resource managers with long-term trends and monthly changes associated with vegetation health and stability.
Relation between obesity-related comorbidities and kidney function estimation in children
Authors: van Dam Mark J. C. M. , Pottel Hans , Vreugdenhil Anita C. E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The current childhood obesity pandemic is likely to result in an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) later in life. Correlations between obesity-related comorbidities and kidney function can be found, but it is unclear to what extent this is caused by bias due to different mathematical forms of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations. The present study aimed to analyze correlations between obesity-related comorbidities and different eGFR equations and to investigate whether rescaled serum creatinine (SCr/Q) for sex and age or height might be an alternative biomarker for kidney function estimation.

Methods
This cross-sectional cohort study included 600 children with overweight and obesity. Mean age was 12.20 ± 3.28 years, 53.5% were female, and mean BMI z-score was 3.31 ± 0.75. All children underwent a comprehensive assessment that included anthropometrical and blood pressure measurements, laboratory examination, air displacement plethysmography, and polysomnography. Qage and Qheight polynomials were used to rescale SCr and multiple creatinine-based eGFR equations were compared.

Results
SCr/Q and almost all GFR estimations significantly correlated with a waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, and triacylglyceride, HDL cholesterol, alanine transaminase, and serum uric acid concentrations. Multiple correlations, however, were not confirmed by all equations, which suggests dependency on the mathematical form of the different eGFR equations.

Conclusions
Correlations between obesity-related comorbidities and creatinine-based eGFR are present in children with overweight and obesity, but depend to a large extent on the eGFR equation of choice. SCr/Q might be an alternative biomarker for assessing correlations between obesity-related comorbidities and kidney function in children with overweight and obesity.

Graphical Abstract
Micro- and nano-devices for electrochemical sensing
Authors: Mariani Federica , Gualandi Isacco , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Scavetta Erika 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrode miniaturization has profoundly revolutionized the field of electrochemical sensing, opening up unprecedented opportunities for probing biological events with a high spatial and temporal resolution, integrating electrochemical systems with microfluidics, and designing arrays for multiplexed sensing. Several technological issues posed by the desire for downsizing have been addressed so far, leading to micrometric and nanometric sensing systems with different degrees of maturity. However, there is still an endless margin for researchers to improve current strategies and cope with demanding sensing fields, such as lab-on-a-chip devices and multi-array sensors, brain chemistry, and cell monitoring. In this review, we present current trends in the design of micro-/nano-electrochemical sensors and cutting-edge applications reported in the last 10 years. Micro- and nanosensors are divided into four categories depending on the transduction mechanism, e.g., amperometric, impedimetric, potentiometric, and transistor-based, to best guide the reader through the different detection strategies and highlight major advancements as well as still unaddressed demands in electrochemical sensing.
Graphical Abstract
Electric vehicle battery charging framework using artificial intelligence modeling of a small wind turbine based on experimental characterization
Authors: Aboelezz Ahmed , Makeen Peter , Ghali Hani A. , Elbayomi Gamal , Abdelrahman Mohamed Madbouli 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to develop a generic electric vehicle battery charging framework using wind energy as the direct energy source. A robust model for a small vertical axis wind turbine based on an artificial neural network algorithm is used for predicting its performance over a wide range of operating conditions. The proposed framework can be implemented at any location worldwide where full prediction of the wind signature is perfectly obtained. In this paper, a small vertical axis wind turbine has been experimentally characterized at different operating conditions, where measured data, output power, and torque have been used to build the model. Once the model has been developed, the model is inserted into the MATLAB/Simulink software tool to predict the charging performance of a battery for an electric vehicle. An rpm controller has been used to achieve the maximum generated power from the wind turbine across the day with various wind speeds. Hence, the generated power is fed to the EV battery charger to implement the constant current constant voltage charging protocol. The charging current reached the desired value in a settling time of 4.5 s, whatever the intermittency of the wind energy. The proposed application of wind energy to EV provides sufficient constant power supported by the utility grid.
Graphical Abstract
Significant healthcare burden and life cost of spinal muscular atrophy: real-world data
Authors: Chan Sophelia H. S. , Wong Carlos K. H. , Wu Tingting , Wong Wilfred , Yu Michael K. L. , Au Ivan C. H. , Chan Godfrey C. F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study is to quantify the mortality rate, direct healthcare costs, and cumulative life costs of pediatric patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 1, type 2, and type 3 born in Hong Kong.

Methods
Data were collected from genetically confirmed SMA patients born in or after 2000 from the Hospital Authority medical database. Patients were followed up from birth until they died, left Hong Kong, reached 18 years, or initiated disease-modifying treatment. Study outcomes included incidence risks of mortality, cumulative direct medical costs—attendances of special outpatient clinics, emergency department, allied health services, and mean length of stay in hospitals over time. Total direct medical costs were calculated as unit costs multiplied by utilization frequencies of corresponding healthcare services at each age.

Results
Seventy-one patients with SMA were included. Over a median follow-up period of 6 years, the overall incidence rate of death was 5.422/100 person-years (95%CI 3.542–7.945/100 person-years). 67.7% and 11% of deaths occurred in SMA1 and SMA2 groups, respectively. The median age of death was 0.8 years in SMA1 and 10.9 years in SMA2. The mean cumulative direct medical costs in overall SMA, SMA1, SMA2 and SMA3 groups per patient were US$935,570, US$2,393,250, US$413,165, and US$40,735, respectively.
Interpretation: Our results confirmed a significantly raised mortality and extremely high healthcare burden for patients with SMA especially SMA type 1 and 2 without disease-modifying treatment. Study evaluating health and economic impact of newborn screening and early treatment is needed.
A review on nonlinear energy sinks: designs, analysis and applications of impact and rotary types
Authors: Saeed Adnan S. , Abdul Nasar Rafath , AL-Shudeifat Mohammad A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDynamical and structural systems are susceptible to sudden excitations and loadings such as wind gusts, blasts, earthquakes, and others which may cause destructive vibration amplitudes and lead to catastrophic impact on human lives and economy. Therefore, various vibration absorbers of linear and nonlinear coupling dynamics have been widely studied in plenty of publications where some have been applied in real-world practical applications. Firstly, the tuned-mass-damper (TMD), the first well-known linear vibration absorber that has been well-studied in the literature and applied with various structural and dynamical systems, is discussed. The linear vibration absorbers such as TMDs are widely used in real-life small- and large-scale structures due to their robust performance in vibration suppression of the low natural frequency structural modes. However, the TMD performs efficiently at narrowband frequency range where its performance is deteriorated by any changes in the frequency content in the structure and the TMD itself. Therefore, the targeted-energy-transfer mechanism which is found to be achieved by nonlinear energy sinks (NESs) has ignited the interest in passive nonlinear vibration suppression. Unlike TMDs, the NESs are dynamical vibration absorbers that achieve vibration suppression for wide range of frequency-energy levels. Given the very rapid growth in this field and the extensive research studies supporting the robustness of the NESs, this paper presents the different types of NESs and their applications with main emphasis on the rotary-based and impact-based NESs since they are of high impact in the literature due to their strong nonlinear dynamical behavior and robust targeted energy transfer.
Engine oil from agricultural machinery as a source of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in free-range hens
Authors: Pajurek Marek , Mikolajczyk Szczepan , Warenik-Bany Malgorzata 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Free-range hens spend most of their lives outdoors, resulting in their heavy exposure to environmental pollutants such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs), and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs). We present a case of contamination of free-range eggs that is previously unreported in the literature. The aim of our study was a source investigation after finding a high level of PCDD/Fs in samples of eggs from one of the inspected farms. Samples of hens’ eggs, muscles, and livers and the feeds and soils were analyzed. The results showed that the soil samples taken from the paddock contained high concentrations of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs expressed as toxic equivalents (TEQ) (72.9 ± 18.2 pg WHO-TEQ g−1 dry mas (d.m.)) and a high concentration of NDL-PCBs (207 ± 46.9 ng g−1 d.m.). The investigation found that the cause of the soil contamination was oil leaking from the farm’s tractor engine. The oil contained very high concentrations of PCDD/F and DL-PCBs (1013 ± 253 pg WHO-TEQ g−1 oil) and 5644 ng g−1 of NDL-PCBs. The source of the contamination was confirmed by the similarity of the PCDD/F and PCB profiles in the hen eggs and the soil contaminated by engine oil. The dietary intake of toxins resulting from consumption of the eggs is provided. For children, the consumption of contaminated eggs would result in an intake of double the tolerable weekly intake (TWI), while for adults, it would be approx. 60–70% of TWI.
Socioeconomic status and entrepreneurial networking responses to the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Brändle Leif , Signer Helen , Kuckertz Andreas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNetworks play a vital role for entrepreneurs in overcoming crises. The most vulnerable to crises are those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. However, we know less about the role of socioeconomic status in entrepreneurial networking. This study investigates whom entrepreneurs call in case of emergency. We develop hypotheses on how entrepreneurs’ socioeconomic status influences models of networking agency in situations of economic threat. The results of a pre-registered randomized experiment in the COVID-19 context conducted with 122 entrepreneurs from the US indicate that entrepreneurs in higher socioeconomic status positions activate contacts to serve their own goals (i.e., independent networking agency) when facing an economic threat. In contrast, and counter-intuitively, entrepreneurs of lower socioeconomic status are more likely to support others when facing an economic threat (i.e., interdependent networking agency). Exploring the evolving network structure, our explorative post-hoc analyses suggest that entrepreneurs activate closer networks (i.e., higher density and stronger ties) under threat. The study discusses the implications of these findings for the theory of entrepreneurial networking in general and network responses to crises in particular.
The influence of field margin characteristics on syrphid abundance
Authors: Blaix Cian , Moonen Anna-Camilla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractField margins have an important ecological role in agroecosystems including hosting beneficial insect such as syrphids. However, little is known of syrphid preferences for different types of field margins. Syrphids were sampled in field margins in an organic agroecosystem to test the hypothesis that syrphid abundance in field margins depends not only on the floral resource abundance but also on field margin component type, field margin complexity, and adjacent land-use type. Floral resource abundance had the greatest influence on the number of syrphids surveyed. Field margin characteristics were deemed to effect syrphid abundance both independently of their effect on floral resources and by altering floral resource abundance. Syrphids were more abundant in field margins adjacent to cropped fields than those adjacent to grazed fields or roads. More syrphids were found in ditch components than in tree or grass strip components. The influence of floral resources on syrphid abundance varied depending on their botanical families, although no significant differences were observed for the effect of botanical family floral resource index on syrphid abundance. These findings demonstrate that field margin characteristics play an important role in facilitating plant–syrphid interactions and offer an insight in agroecosystem management for the promotion of beneficial insects. The influence of field margin characteristics on other beneficial insect groups should also be investigated.
EEG correlates of developmental dyslexia: a systematic review
Authors: Cainelli Elisa , Vedovelli Luca , Carretti Barbara , Bisiacchi Patrizia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDyslexia is one of the most studied learning disorders. Despite this, its biological basis and main causes are still not fully understood. Electroencephalography (EEG) could be a powerful tool in identifying the underlying mechanisms, but knowledge of the EEG correlates of developmental dyslexia (DD) remains elusive. We aimed to systematically review the evidence on EEG correlates of DD and establish their quality. In July 2021, we carried out an online search of the PubMed and Scopus databases to identify published articles on EEG correlates in children with dyslexia aged 6 to 12 years without comorbidities. We follow the PRISMA guidelines and assess the quality using the Appraisal Tool questionnaire. Our final analysis included 49 studies (14% high quality, 63% medium, 20% low, and 2% very low). Studies differed greatly in methodology, making a summary of their results challenging. However, some points came to light. Even at rest, children with dyslexia and children in the control group exhibited differences in several EEG measures, particularly in theta and alpha frequencies; these frequencies appear to be associated with learning performance. During reading-related tasks, the differences between dyslexic and control children seem more localized in the left temporoparietal sites. The EEG activity of children with dyslexia and children in the control group differed in many aspects, both at rest and during reading-related tasks. Our data are compatible with neuroimaging studies in the same diagnostic group and expand the literature by offering new insights into functional significance.