bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of polyphenols onncRNAsin cancer—An update
Authors: Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya , Mony Ullas , Renu Kaviyarasi , Surapaneni Krishna Mohan , Ammar Rebai Ben , AlZahrani Abdullah M. , Ahmed Emad A. , Rajendran Peramaiyan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent years, oncotherapy has received considerable attention concerning plant polyphenols. Increasing evidence suggests that because of the efficiency of polyphenols, they may have anti‐tumour effects in various cancers. However, their regulatory structures remain elusive. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in the regulation of various forms of tumorigenesis and tumour development. Long non‐coding RNAs have recently emerged as regulatory eukaryotic transcripts and therapeutic targets with important and diverse functions in health and diseases. LncRNAs may be associated with the initiation, development, and progression of cancer. This review summarizes the research on the modulatory effects of IncRNAs and their roles in mediating cellular processes. The mechanisms of action of polyphenols underlying their therapeutic effects on cancers are also discussed. Based on our review, polyphenols might facilitate a significant epigenetic modification as part of their tissue‐ and/or cell‐related biological effects. This finding may be attributed to their interaction with cellular signalling pathways involved in chronic diseases. Certain lncRNAs might be the target of specific polyphenols, and some critical signalling processes involved in the intervention of cancers might mediate the therapeutic roles of polyphenols.
Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of polysaccharide isolated from Sphacelotheca sorghi in diet‐streptozotocin‐induced T2D mice
Authors: Fu Xin , Song Mengxue , Lu Ming , Xie Mengxi , Shi Lin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEdible fungus has attracted great interest with many health benefits, and polysaccharides from them have shown great potentials. In this study, polysaccharides were extracted from Sphacelotheca sorghi (Link) Clint. Monosaccharide composition of S. sorghi polysaccharides (SSP) was detected by high‐performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) and mainly consists of glucose (70.5%), galactose (15.6%), mannose (7.2%), arabinose (5.8%), and rhamnose (0.9%). Type 2 diabetes (T2D) was induced by a high‐fat, high‐sugar diet‐fed (HFSD) diet with streptozotocin (STZ) injection in mice, and hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic regulations of SSP were evaluated. After oral treatment of high dose of SSP (200 mg/kg/day), the fasting blood glucose (FBG) was reduced by 39.3%, the insulin resistance of T2D mice was relieved, the lipids metabolism disorder caused by diabetes was improved, and the levels of liver glycogen was increased by 34.1%, compared with the model control. Histopathological examination showed that SSP relieved liver damage. Furthermore, SSP regulated glucose and lipid metabolism by activating phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Overall, SPP is promising to be used as a functional food for the improvement of metabolic disorders.Practical ApplicationFor enhancing the utilization rate and economic value of an edible fungi Sphacelotheca sorghi (Link) Clint., the total polysaccharides were isolated and used to investigate the effect of fungi in terms of balancing the levels of blood glucose and lipids. The S. sorghi polysaccharide treatment resolved the symptoms and insulin resistance in mice with diabetes, signifying its potential application in producing different functional foods for preventing or controlling diabetes.
Research trends in Jiang‐flavor baijiu fermentation: From fermentation microecology to environmental ecology
Authors: Wang Li 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChinese baijiu is one of the six major distilled spirits worldwide and is widely enjoyed because of its unique flavor. Among typical baijiu, Jiang‐flavor baijiu is gaining popularity. However, the fermentation mechanisms of baijiu remain unclear due to its open inoculation environment and complex brewing process. In recent years, advances in high‐throughput sequencing and multi‐omics technologies have yielded meaningful information regarding fermentation microbiome. Therefore, this paper reviews recent developments in the investigation of the diversity, stability, and metabolism of the Jiang‐flavor baijiu microbial community. Furthermore, the importance of protecting the ecology of the production environment is proposed based on the putative contribution of environmental factors to the fermentation microbiome and baijiu characteristics. Finally, this paper discusses current research challenges that need to be addressed, including the limitations of sequencing technologies and difficulties unveiling the mechanisms of microbial interaction between the fermentation microbiome and the environmental ecology. The findings of this review will promote further understanding of the Jiang‐flavor baijiu fermentation process and provide valuable information for the research and development of traditional baijiu and other naturally fermented foods.Practical ApplicationBaijiu, a transparent strong alcoholic drink, is the world’s largest consumed and the most valuable spirit in the market. However, the fermentation mechanisms of baijiu remain unclear due to its open inoculation environment and complex brewing process. Therefore, if we can summarizes the current advances and research challenges of microbial fermentation in baijiu, it will deepen the reader’s understanding of the complex fermentation process and fermentation mechanism in baijiu. Furthermore, based on the putative contribution of environmental factors to the fermentation process, the importance of protecting the ecology of the production environment is proposed in future research trends, which will provide valuable information for the research and development of other traditional naturally fermented foods. This will not only achieve breakthroughs in academic value, but also bring higher practical value to fermented foods.
Rheological properties of Sesbania cannabina galactomannan as a new source of thickening agent
Authors: Tao Yuheng , Ma Junmei , Huang Caoxing , Lai Chenhuan , Ling Zhe , Yong Qiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study evaluated the rheological properties of galactomannan from Sesbania cannabina. The intrinsic viscosity of galactomannan was determined to be 8.63 ± 0.06 dl/g. Moreover, the onset of galactomannan coil overlap occurred at 5.12 ± 0.13 g/L. With increasing concentration, galactomannan showed a more distinct shear‐thinning behavior, which was well characterized by the Cross model. Notably, the viscosity of polysaccharide showed a negative relationship with the temperature, while the activation energy decreased with increasing polysaccharide concentration. Furthermore, at high concentrations, the galactomannan solution showed stability after heating or freezing, as well as over the wide pH range of 5.0‒9.0. Dynamic viscoelasticity measurements reveal a gradual transition from viscous to elastic behavior of galactomannans with an increasing frequency. It is anticipated that S. cannabina galactomannan will find interesting applications as a natural thickener due to the comprehensive description of its rheological properties presented herein.Practical ApplicationThe investigated S. cannabina galactomannan has shown a higher viscosity and heat stability at high concentration, as well as a good stability at the pH range of 5–9. The S. cannabina galactomannan may be employed as stabilizers in the food field.
Iran’s Nontraditional Security Challenges under the Taliban Rule
Authors: Solhdoost Mohsen , Pargoo Mahmoud 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStrong historical, cultural, linguistic, and religious affinities have bound Iran and Afghanistan within the greater Middle East region. With the US withdrawal from Afghanistan and the Taliban takeover in August 2021, Iran is likely to face the exacerbation of existing nontraditional security challenges and the emergence of new threats. Iran continues to deal with drug trafficking, an influx of refugees and economic migrants, and terrorism caused partly by more than four decades of war in Afghanistan. Although Iranian authorities have cheered the United States (US) pullout and expressed cautious optimism about the Taliban, Tehran's choice of policy toward Afghanistan and its new rulers remains to be decided. Iran is likely to continue a policy of engagement with the Taliban unless the government in Kabul realigns with Tehran's adversaries and poses security threats to Iran. In the latter situation, Iran, resorting to proxy sponsorship, is likely to model its Afghanistan policy on its Iraq policy.
Picking up the Pieces in Afghanistan: Need for Smarter Diplomacy and Targeted Counterterrorism
Authors: Curtis Lisa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe 20‐year mission in Afghanistan for which the United States (US) had sacrificed tremendous blood and treasure ended in the worst way imaginable with a poorly planned and executed withdrawal that saw the Taliban immediately retake power and form a hardline interim government that includes known terrorist leaders. The manner in which the US handled negotiations with the Taliban over the last three years contributed to the speed with which they were able to over‐run the country in August 2021. The return of Taliban rule will likely increase terrorism challenges both for the region and on a global scale as groups like Al‐Qaeda rebuild in the country and foreign terrorist fighters relocate there to find shelter under a regime ruled by fellow Islamist radicals. Moving forward, the US must work with like‐minded nations to condition assistance and diplomatic recognition on the Taliban meeting certain human rights and counterterrorism conditions and improve its remote counterterrorism capabilities.
Pretreatment HDL‐C and ApoA1 are predictive biomarkers of progression‐free survival in patients with EGFR mutated advanced non‐small cell lung cancer treated with TKI
Authors: Ma Juan , Bai Ying , Liu Mei , Jiao Tong , Chen Yang , Yuan Bo , Liu Boxuan , Zeng Lizhong , Ming Zongjuan , Li Wei , Sun Ruiying , Yang Xia , Yang Shuanying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to explore the correlation between blood lipids (high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL‐C] and apolipoprotein A1 [ApoA1]) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation, as well as its predictive role in clinical efficacy and progression‐free survial (PFS) in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKI).MethodsWe retrospectively collected information of 153 patients with advanced NSCLC harboring exon EGFR mutation and receiving EGFR‐TKI.ResultsThe best cutoff value for HDL‐C and ApoA1 was determined to be 1.15 and 1.14 mmol/l. The overall response rate (ORR) was 67.7% in the high HDL‐C group and 46.6% in the low HDL‐C group, respectively. The ORR of the high ApoA1 group showed a significant increase than that of the low ApoA1 group (68.1% vs. 38.5%). The mean ApoA1 level of the EGFR T790M mutation‐positive group was significantly higher than that of the EGFR T790M mutation‐negative group (1.13 g/l vs. 1.01 g/l). Patients with high ApoA1 levels were related to the EGFR T790M mutation (r = 0.324). (3) The median progression‐free survival (PFS) of the high HDL‐C group and low HDL‐C group were 13.00 months and 10.20 months. The median PFS of the high ApoA1 group and the low ApoA1 group were 12.10 and 10.00 months, respectively. Multivariate Cox stepwise regression model analysis demonstrated ECOG PS, pathological type and HDL‐C were confirmed as critical and independent predictors of PFS.ConclusionsPatients with EGFR T790M mutations often show higher ApoA1 levels. Peripheral serum HDL‐C and ApoA1 before treatment can be used as potential significant factors for predicting clinical efficacy and PFS in advanced NSCLC patients treated with EGFR‐TKI.
The eye and the other: Language and ethics in deaf Nepal
Authors: Green E. Mara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article examines interactions between deaf and hearing people in Nepal that are conducted in natural sign, a mode of signed communication involving relatively small repertoires of conventional signs complemented by iconic and indexical strategies. Natural sign is an exemplary case for unpacking the claim that ethics is not only intrinsic to linguistic interaction but also grounds its very possibility. While this is ultimately true for all language use, natural sign heightens this quality and its consequences, in terms of both interaction (whether people understand) and analysis (how scholars understand whether people understand). Bringing together Nepali Sign Language users’ insights with academic theories of interaction, pragmatics, and semiotics, this article demonstrates the high stakes for deaf natural signers of being rendered intelligible or unintelligible by the “ordinary” ethical actions of their interlocutors.
Comparison of glucose metabolism and anthropometry in women with previous gestational diabetes treated with metformin vs. insulin: 9‐year follow‐up of two randomized trials
Authors: Huhtala Mikael , Nikkinen Hilkka , Paavilainen Elisa , Niinikoski Harri , Vääräsmäki Marja , Loo Britt‐Marie , Rönnemaa Tapani , Tertti Kristiina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe main aim was to study whether the long‐term incidences of type 2 diabetes, pre‐diabetes and metabolic syndrome differed between women who were treated with metformin or insulin for gestational diabetes.Material and methodsThis 9‐year follow‐up study of two open‐label randomized trials compares metformin and insulin treatments of gestational diabetes. In all, 165 women, 88 previously treated with insulin and 77 treated with metformin in the index pregnancy, were included in the analyses. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed, and measures of anthropometry, glucose metabolism, serum lipids and inflammatory markers were compared between the treatment groups. Disorders of glucose metabolism (pre‐diabetes and type 2 diabetes) at the 9‐year follow‐up was the primary outcome of this study. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02417090.ResultsThe incidences of pre‐diabetes and type 2 diabetes (40.3% vs. 46.6%, odds ratio [OR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.40–1.50, p = 0.51), type 2 diabetes (14.3% vs. 15.9%, OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.34–2.26, p = 0.94), pre‐diabetes (26.0% vs. 30.7%, OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.38–1.65, p = 0.62), and metabolic syndrome (45.9% vs. 55.2%, OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.35–1.35, p = 0.31) were comparable between the metformin and insulin groups. Moreover, there were no evident differences in the individual measures of anthropometry, glucose metabolism including HOMA‐insulin resistance, serum lipids or inflammatory markers between the two treatment groups.ConclusionsTreatment of gestational diabetes with metformin vs. insulin during pregnancy is unlikely to have diverging long‐term effects on maternal anthropometry, glucose metabolism or serum lipids. From this perspective, both treatments may be considered in gestational diabetes.
Radiation use efficiency of the herbaceous layer of dry Chaco shrublands and woodlands: Spatial and temporal patterns
Authors: Blanco Lisandro Javier , Paruelo José María , Oesterheld Martín , Agüero Walter Damián 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsMonitoring rangeland above‐ground net primary production (ANPP) requires information on the variation of radiation use efficiency (RUE). We studied the spatial and temporal variations of RUE of the herbaceous layer (RUEH) in woodlands and shrublands and its association with grazing regime, environmental, and vegetation variables.LocationWe worked in the Arid Chaco (Argentina), an ecotone region between the Chaco and Monte phytogeographic provinces. Woody and herbaceous species coexist in variable proportions in relation to a regional precipitation gradient and local edaphic variations.Methods and resultsOver eight growing seasons, we estimated RUEH at 12 sites, each with two contrasting grazing regimes (moderate and severe). To do this, we related estimated ANPPH from biomass harvests and APARH (absorbed photosynthetically active radiation of the herbaceous layer) calculated from the MODIS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Then we linked the RUEH with precipitation, physiognomy, soil, and landscape data. Most of the spatial variability of RUEH was accounted for by the grazing regime. Moderately grazed areas had a three times greater RUEH than severely grazed ones (0.507 and 0.180 g MJ−1 respectively). They also exhibited different proportions of herbaceous functional types. Physiognomic characteristics of the woody layer explained a significant proportion of the spatial variation of RUEH not explained by grazing regime. RUEH was between 30 and 150% greater in woodlands than in shrublands depending on whether the sites were under moderate or severe grazing respectively.ConclusionGrazing regime and woody physiognomy accounted for most of the variation in herbaceous radiation use efficiency. Our results show that RUEH may be predicted with greater accuracy from a combination of vegetation maps and information on grazing regime. Thus, our models could be incorporated into web platforms that provide ANPPH (forage) monitoring services based on satellite data, in order to improve their estimates in woodlands, shrublands and savanna ecosystems.
The prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukaemia with double‐mutated CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein alpha (CEBPAdm)
Authors: Wei Hui , Zhou Chunlin , Liu Bingcheng , Lin Dong , Li Yan , Wei Shuning , Gong Benfa , Zhang Guangji , Liu Kaiqi , Gong Xiaoyuan , Fang Qiuyun , Liu Yuntao , Qiu Shaowei , Gu Runxia , Song Zhen , Chen Jiayuan , Yang Miao , Zhang Junping , Jin Jingjing , Wang Ying , Mi Yingchang , Wang Jianxiang 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe prognostic factors to stratify acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with double‐mutated CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein alpha (CEBPAdm) into different risk groups remains to be determined. In this retrospective study, we evaluated 171 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AML with CEBPAdm by a Cox proportional hazards regression model. In univariate analyses, colony stimulating factor 3 receptor (CSF3R) and Wilms tumour 1 (WT1) mutations were associated with poor relapse‐free survival (RFS). The induction regimens including homoharringtonine (omacetaxine mepesuccinate) or intermediate‐dose cytarabine was associated with favourable RFS and overall survival (OS). The induction regimen including both homoharringtonine and intermediate‐dose cytarabine was associated with the most favourable RFS (3‐year RFS 84.7%) and OS (3‐year OS 92.8%) compared to the conventional cytarabine and daunorubicin regimen (3‐year RFS 27.7%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.126, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.051–0.313, Wald p < 0.001; and 3‐year OS 56.4%, HR 0.179, 95% CI 0.055–0.586, Wald p = 0.005). In multivariate analyses, the induction regimen including intermediate‐dose cytarabine (HR 0.364, 95% CI 0.205–0.646, Wald p < 0.001) and CSF3R mutations (HR 2.667, 95% CI 1.276–5.572, Wald p = 0.009) were independently associated with RFS. Taken together, we found that induction regimen and CSF3R mutations were independent prognostic factors for AML with CEBPAdm.
Long‐term neurodevelopmental outcomes in very low birth weight infants with and without patent ductus arteriosus: A retrospective case control observational study
Authors: Elbayiyev Sarkhan , Canpolat Fuat Emre , Kadıoğlu Şimşek Gülsüm , Işık Sehribanu , Büyüktiryaki Mehmet , Kanmaz Kutman Hayriye Gözde 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has been associated with early morbidities and long‐term developmental problems in very preterm infants.AimsThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of patent ductus arteriosus and medical treatment on long‐term developmental outcomes in very low birth weight infants.Study designThis is a retrospective case control observational study.SubjectThe study included preterm infants who were born before 30 weeks' gestation and birth weight less than 1,500 g and underwent neurodevelopmental testing at a corrected age of 24 months during follow‐up in our centre. The results of neurodevelopmental assessment using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II at 24 months of corrected age and other morbidities were recorded.ResultsOf 820 infants screened, the 2‐year data of 647 infants (78%) were analysed. The mean gestational age was 27.4 weeks (±1.7 weeks), mean birth weight was 980 g (±250 g) and 283 (44%) of the infants received pharmaceutical treatment for hemodynamically significant PDA. The prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairment was higher in infants with PDA compared to those without PDA (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% CI, 1.13–2.29; chi‐square, Fisher's exact test P = .009). However, when birth weight and gestational age were corrected for as covariates and other risk factors were added to the analysis, PDA alone was not an independent risk factor for neurodevelopmental problems (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.824–1.549; P = .450). There was no difference between the groups who received ibuprofen or paracetamol for PDA.ConclusionAlthough we have not found an association between hemodynamically significant PDA and poor neurodevelopment, this potentially needs to be investigated.
Family functioning and preschool children's oral health‐related quality of life
Authors: Almutairi Sarah , Scambler Sasha , Bernabé Eduardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionIdentifying which aspects of how a family functions are relevant to child oral health provides opportunities for interventions targeting the family context. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of general and domain‐specific family functioning with oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) of 3–4‐year‐old children.MethodsCross‐sectional data from 740 parent‐child dyads from East London were analysed. Family functioning was assessed with the 60‐item Family Assessment Device that yields scores for general functioning and six domains (roles, behaviour control, communication, affective involvement, affective responsiveness and problem solving). Children's OHRQoL was measured using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), which measures the lifetime impacts of children's oral conditions on the child (child impact section, CIS) and family (family impact section, FIS). The associations of family functioning with the ECOHIS total, CIS and FIS scores were assessed in negative binomial regression models (rate ratios [RR] and 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] were calculated), adjusting for parental sociodemographic factors and child demographic factors and caries experience.ResultsChildren in families with unhealthy general functioning had 1.45 (95% CI: 0.87–2.43), 1.24 (95% CI: 0.73–2.13) and 2.19 (95% CI: 1.20–3.99) times greater ECOHIS total, CIS and FIS scores, respectively, than those in families with healthy general functioning after adjustment for confounders. Unhealthy functioning in the roles domain was associated with greater ECOHIS total and FIS scores. Unhealthy functioning in the problem solving, roles and affective involvement domains were also associated with greater FIS scores.ConclusionsUnhealthy family functioning was associated with worse child OHRQoL, especially in terms of disrupting family life. Effective assignment and undertaking of roles should be further explored as a target for intervention.