bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding barriers to men’s support for family planning in rural Ethiopia—findings from the USAID Transform: Primary Health Care Project Gender Analysis
Authors: Smith Dustin Andrew , Tadesse Heran Abebe , Lulu Kidest , Santillán Diana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence suggests that supportive male engagement in health care services, including family planning, remains low in many countries, despite known benefits for female partners. In 2017–2018, the United States Agency for International Development Transform: Primary Health Care Project conducted a participatory gender analysis, collecting relevant data to better understand Ethiopian men’s lack of support for the uptake of family planning services.MethodsQualitative data were collected through 96 unique participatory group discussions with community members via a semistructured discussion guide and participatory activity; data were disaggregated by sex, age, and marital status. In-depth interviews (91) conducted with service providers, health system managers, and health extension workers used semistructured guides. Discussants and interviewees were selected purposefully, drawn from 16 ruralworedasin four project regions: Amhara; Oromia; Tigray; and Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region. Data collectors took notes and transcribed audio recordings. The research team deductively and inductively coded transcripts to develop preliminary findings later validated by key technical project staff and stakeholders.ResultsFindings reinforce existing knowledge on the dominant role of men in health care–related decision making in rural Ethiopia, although such decision making is not always unilateral in practice. Barriers at the societal level impede men’s support for family planning; these include norms, values, and beliefs around childbearing; religious beliefs rooted in scriptural narratives; and perceived adverse health impacts of family planning. Lack of efforts to engage men in health care facilities, as well as the perception that health care facilities do not meet men’s needs, highlight systems-level barriers to men’s use of family planning services.ConclusionsFindings indicate several opportunities for stakeholders to increase men’s support for family planning in rural Ethiopia, including systems-wide approaches to shape decision making, social and behavior change communication efforts, and additional research and assessment of men’s experiences in accessing health care services.
Determinants of intention to use family planning methods in the four emerging regions of Ethiopia: an ideation score based assessment
Authors: Getinet Tewodros , Surur Feiruz , Nigatu Balkachew , Meressa Alula , Abesha Yonas , Kassa Munir , Gebremedhin Merhawi , Bekele Delayehu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Ideation refers to the ideas and views that people hold; it has been identified as an important explanation for differences in contraceptive use within and across countries. This study aimed to identify ideational factors that influence intention to use family planning (FP) methods among women of reproductive age (WRA) in the four emerging regions of Ethiopia.

Methods
A quantitative cross-sectional survey of 2891 WRA was carried out in the four emerging regions of Ethiopia. A multistage, stratified systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. Data were collected by trained enumerators, using tablets equipped with Open Data Kit. To assess the impact of ideation on intention to use FP, the research team used 41 items distributed across five broad ideational factors: contraception awareness, self-efficacy, rejection of myth and rumor, intra-family discussion and family support. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to test the fit of these items into the five ideational factors. A multiple binary logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the combined effect of these ideational factors with different sociodemographic variables on intention to use contraceptive methods. In all the statistical analysis, a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Different proportions of women in the four regions intended to use contraceptives in the future: 74.9% in Benishangul-Gumuz, 50.1% in Gambela, 21.8% in Afar, and 20.1% in Somali. The proportion of women who intended to use contraceptives varied with ideation scores. The multiple binary logistic regression revealed that self-efficacy was an important ideational factor of intention to use contraception in all four regions. Rejection of myth and rumor was also an important factor in all regions except in Somali. Contraception awareness and family support were significant predictors of intention to use contraception in the Afar region only. Intra-family discussion was not found significant in any region.

Conclusions
Regional/district health offices should focus on increasing self-efficacy for FP use. Demystifying rumors would contribute to improved intention to use FP among women in Afar, Benishangul-Gumuz, and Gambela regions. Raising contraception awareness and encouraging family support would improve intention to use FP in Afar region.
Impaired skin microvascular endothelial reactivity in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Authors: Raia Lisa , Urbina Tomas , Gabarre Paul , Bonny Vincent , Hariri Geoffroy , Ehrminger Sebastien , Bigé Naïke , Baudel Jean-Luc , Guidet Bertrand , Maury Eric , Joffre Jeremie , Ait-Oufella Hafid 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Some clinical and histological studies have reported that SARS-CoV-2 infection may damage the endothelium. However, the impact of this virus on endothelial function in vivo remains poorly characterized. In this single-center pilot observational study, we performed iontophoresis of acetylcholine coupled with Laser doppler to investigate microvascular endothelial reactivity in COVID-19 patients compared to patients with non-COVID-19 bacterial pneumonia (NCBP) patients.

Results
During three consecutive months, 32 COVID-19 patients and 11 control NCBP patients with acute respiratory failure were included. The median age was 59 [50–68] and 69 [57–75] years in COVID-19 and NCBP groups, respectively (P = 0.11). There was no significant difference in comorbidities or medications between the two groups, except for body mass index, which was higher in COVID-19 patients. NCBP patients had a higher SAPS II score compared to COVID-19 patients (P < 0.0001), but SOFA score was not different between groups (P = 0.51). Global hemodynamic and peripheral tissue perfusion parameters were not different between groups. COVID-19 patients had significantly lower skin microvascular basal blood flow than NCBP patients (P = 0.02). In addition, endothelium-dependent microvascular reactivity was threefold lower in COVID-19 patients than NCBP patients (P = 0.008).

Conclusions
Both baseline skin microvascular blood flow and skin endothelial-dependent microvascular reactivity were impaired in critically ill COVID-19 patients compared to NCBP patients, despite a lower disease severity score supporting a specific pathogenic role of SARS-CoV-2 on the endothelium.
Efficacy and safety of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the prevention of pressure injuries in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Baron Miriam Viviane , Silva Paulo Eugênio , Koepp Janine , Urbanetto Janete de Souza , Santamaria Andres Felipe Mantilla , dos Santos Michele Paula , de Mello Pinto Marcus Vinicius , Brandenburg Cristine , Reinheimer Isabel Cristina , Carvalho Sonia , Wagner Mário Bernardes , Miliou Thomas , Poli-de-Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo , Pinheiro da Costa Bartira Ercília 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Pressure injuries (PIs), especially in the sacral region are frequent, costly, and increase morbidity and mortality of patients in an intensive care unit (ICU). These injuries can occur as a result of prolonged pressure and/or shear forces. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can increase muscle mass and improve local circulation, potentially reducing the incidence of PI.

Methods
We performed a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of NMES in preventing PI in critically ill patients. We included patients with a period of less than 48 h in the ICU, aged ≥ 18 years. Participants were randomly selected (1:1 ratio) to receive NMES and usual care (NMES group) or only usual care (control group—CG) until discharge, death, or onset of a PI. To assess the effectiveness of NMES, we calculated the relative risk (RR) and number needed to treat (NNT). We assessed the muscle thickness of the gluteus maximus by ultrasonography. To assess safety, we analyzed the effects of NMES on vital signs and checked for the presence of skin burns in the stimulated areas. Clinical outcomes were assessed by time on mechanical ventilation, ICU mortality rate, and length of stay in the ICU.

Results
We enrolled 149 participants, 76 in the NMES group. PIs were present in 26 (35.6%) patients in the CG and 4 (5.3%) in the NMES group (p ˂ 0.001). The NMES group had an RR = 0.15 (95% CI 0.05–0.40) to develop a PI, NNT = 3.3 (95% CI 2.3–5.9). Moreover, the NMES group presented a shorter length of stay in the ICU: Δ = − 1.8 ± 1.2 days, p = 0.04. There was no significant difference in gluteus maximus thickness between groups (CG: Δ = − 0.37 ± 1.2 cm vs. NMES group: Δ = 0 ± 0.98 cm, p = 0.33). NMES did not promote deleterious changes in vital signs and we did not detect skin burns.

Conclusions
NMES is an effective and safe therapy for the prevention of PI in critically ill patients and may reduce length of stay in the ICU.
Trial registration RBR-8nt9m4. Registered prospectively on July 20th, 2018, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8nt9m4
Layered methods for updating AIoT-compatible TCAMS in B5G-enabled WSNs
Authors: Abbasi Mahdi , Vakilian Shobeir , Vakilian Shakoor , Khosravi Mohammad R. , Abdoli Hatam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractClassification is a fundamental processing task in advanced network systems. This technique is exploited in 5G/6G wireless sensors networks where flow-based processing of the internet packets is highly demanded by intelligent applications that analyze big volumes of data in a limited time. In this process, the input packets are classified into specific streams by matching to a set of filters. The ternary content-addressable memory (TCAM) is used in hardware implementation of internet packets. However, due to the parallel search capabilities, this memory leads to an increase in the speed and drop of hardware bundles compared to other types of software bundles, but with the increase in the number of rules stored in its layers, the power required for searching, inserting and eliminating increases. Various architectures have been proposed to solve this problem, but none of them has proposed a plan to reduce power consumption while updating the rules in the TCAM memory. In this paper, two algorithms are presented for reducing power consumption during TCAM memory upgrades. The key idea in the proposed algorithms is the reduction in the search range as well as the number of displacements while inserting and deleting rules in TCAM. Implementation and evaluation of proposed methods represent a reduction of more than 50% of the number of visits to TCAM in both proposed algorithms, as well as reducing the update time in the second proposed algorithm compared to the first proposed algorithm which confirms the efficiency of both methods.
Study protocol for developing, piloting and disseminating the PRISMA-COSMIN guideline: a new reporting guideline for systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments
Authors: Elsman Ellen B. M. , Butcher Nancy J. , Mokkink Lidwine B. , Terwee Caroline B. , Tricco Andrea , Gagnier Joel J. , Aiyegbusi Olalekan Lee , Barnett Carolina , Smith Maureen , Moher David , Offringa Martin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments are important tools in the evidence-based selection of these instruments. COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) has developed a comprehensive and widespread guideline to conduct systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments, but key information is often missing in published reviews. This hinders the appraisal of the quality of outcome measurement instruments, impacts the decisions of knowledge users regarding their appropriateness, and compromises reproducibility and interpretability of the reviews’ findings. To facilitate sufficient, transparent, and consistent reporting of systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments, an extension of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting of Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 guideline will be developed: the PRISMA-COSMIN guideline.

Methods
The PRISMA-COSMIN guideline will be developed in accordance with recommendations for reporting guideline development from the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network. First, a candidate reporting item list will be created through an environmental literature scan and expert consultations. Second, an international Delphi study will be conducted with systematic review authors, biostatisticians, epidemiologists, psychometricians/clinimetricians, reporting guideline developers, journal editors as well as patients, caregivers, and members of the public. Delphi panelists will rate candidate items for inclusion on a 5-point scale, suggest additional candidate items, and give feedback on item wording and comprehensibility. Third, the draft PRISMA-COSMIN guideline and user manual will be iteratively piloted by applying it to systematic reviews in several disease areas to assess its relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility, along with usability and user satisfaction. Fourth, a consensus meeting will be held to finalize the PRISMA-COSMIN guideline through roundtable discussions and voting. Last, a user manual will be developed and the final PRISMA-COSMIN guideline will be disseminated through publications, conferences, newsletters, and relevant websites. Additionally, relevant journals and organizations will be invited to endorse and implement PRISMA-COSMIN. Throughout the project, evaluations will take place to identify barriers and facilitators of involving patient/public partners and employing a virtual process.

Discussion
The PRISMA-COSMIN guideline will ensure that the reports of systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments are complete and informative, enhancing their reproducibility, ease of use, and uptake.
Higher order difference equations with homogeneous governing functions nonincreasing in each variable with unbounded solutions
Authors: Stević Stevo , El-Sayed Ahmed A. , Iričanin Bratislav , Kosmala Witold 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBy using a comparison method and some difference inequalities we show that the following higher order difference equation$$ x_{n+k}=\frac{1}{f(x_{n+k-1},\ldots ,x_{n})},\quad n\in{\mathbb{N}},$$xn+k=1f(xn+k−1,…,xn),n∈N,where$k\in{\mathbb{N}}$k∈N,$f:[0,+\infty )^{k}\to [0,+\infty )$f:[0,+∞)k→[0,+∞)is a homogeneous function of order strictly bigger than one, which is nondecreasing in each variable and satisfies some additional conditions, has unbounded solutions, presenting a large class of such equations. The class can be used as a useful counterexample in dealing with the boundedness character of solutions to some difference equations. Some analyses related to such equations and a global convergence result are also given.
On a cubic–quadratic equation relative to elliptic curves
Authors: Bae Jae-Hyeong , Park Won-Gil 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigate the Hyers–Ulam stability of the following cubic–quadratic functional equation relative to elliptic curves $f(x+y+z,u+v+w)+f(x+y-z,u+v+w)+2f(x,u-w)+2f(y,v-w) =f(x+y,u+w)+f(x+y,v+w)+f(x+z,u+w)+f(x-z,u+v-w)+f(y+z,v+w)+f(y-z,u+v-w)$
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Research on singular Sturm–Liouville spectral problems with a weighted function
Authors: Tang Shuning 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs early as 1910, Weyl gave a classification of the singular Sturm–Liouville equation, and divided it into the Limit Point Case and the Limit Circle Case at infinity. This led to the study of singular Sturm–Liouville spectrum theory. With the development of applications, the importance of singular Sturm–Liouville problems with a weighted function becomes more and more significant. This paper focuses on the study of singular Sturm–Liouville problems with a weighted function. Finally, an example of singular Sturm–Liouville problems with a weighted function is given.
From COVID to fibrosis: lessons from single-cell analyses of the human lung
Authors: Justet Aurelien , Zhao Amy Y. , Kaminski Naftali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe increased resolution of single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies has led to major breakthroughs and improved our understanding of the normal and pathologic conditions of multiple tissues and organs. In the study of parenchymal lung disease, single-cell RNA-sequencing has better delineated known cell populations and identified novel cells and changes in cellular phenotypes and gene expression patterns associated with disease. In this review, we aim to highlight the advances and insights that have been made possible by applying these technologies to two seemingly very different lung diseases: fibrotic interstitial lung diseases, a group of relentlessly progressive lung diseases leading to pulmonary fibrosis, and COVID-19 pneumonia, an acute viral disease with life-threatening complications, including pulmonary fibrosis. We discuss changes in cell populations and gene expression, highlighting potential common features, such as alveolar cell epithelial injury and aberrant repair and monocyte-derived macrophage populations, as well as relevance and implications to mechanisms of disease and future directions.
Noma staging: a review
Authors: Khammissa Razia Abdool Gafaar , Lemmer Johan , Feller Liviu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNoma is a bacterial, non-communicable, grossly destructive and disfiguring necrotising oro-facial disease. It is rare, but occurs most commonly in chronically malnourished children with other debilitating illnesses, in remote, poverty-stricken communities, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa, and much more rarely in central Latin America and in parts of Asia. In South Africa and in Zimbabwe, noma is observed, again rarely, in immunosuppressed HIV-seropositive subjects. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified noma into five sequential stages: stage 1, acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis; stage 2, oedema; stage 3, gangrene; stage 4, scarring; stage 5, sequela. In the opinion of the authors, this WHO classification requires fundamental re-appraisal. The purpose of this viewpoint article is to highlight the weaknesses of this classification, and to propose a simpler, more logical and practical evidence-based staging of noma, which if used should improve the quality and value of future epidemiological data about noma.
Global emergence of Enterovirus 71: a systematic review
Authors: Nayak Gayatree , Bhuyan Sanat Kumar , Bhuyan Ruchi , Sahu Akankshya , Kar Dattatreya , Kuanar Ananya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral infection caused by a virus from the enterovirus genus of picornavirus family that majorly affects children. Though most cases of HFMD do not cause major problems, the outbreaks of Enterovirus 71 (EV71) can produce a high risk of neurological sequelae, including meningoencephalitis, lung difficulties, and mortality. In Asia, HFMD caused by EV71 has emerged as an acutely infectious disease of highly pathogenic potential, which demands the attention of the international medical community.

Main body of the abstract
Some online databases including NCBI, PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, and EBSCO were also accessed using keywords relating to the topic for data mining. The paid articles were accessed through the Centre Library facility of Siksha O Anusandhan University. This work describes the structure, outbreak, molecular epidemiology of Enterovirus 71 along with different EV71 vaccines. Many vaccines have been developed such as inactivated whole-virus live attenuated, subviral particles, and DNA vaccines to cure the patients. In Asia–Pacific nations, inactivated EV71 vaccination still confronts considerable obstacles in terms of vaccine standardization, registration, price, and harmonization of pathogen surveillance and measurements.

Short conclusion
HFMD has emerged as a severe health hazard in Asia–Pacific countries in recent decades. In Mainland China and other countries with high HFMD prevalence, the inactivated EV71 vaccination will be a vital tool in safeguarding children's health. When creating inactivated EV71 vaccines, Mainland China ensured maintaining high standards of vaccine quality. The Phase III clinical studies were used to confirm the safety and effectiveness of vaccinations.

Graphical Abstract
Food insecurity and severe mental illness: understanding the hidden problem and how to ask about food access during routine healthcare
Authors: Smith Jo , Ker Suzy , Archer Darren , Gilbody Simon , Peckham Emily , Hardman Charlotte A. 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARYFood insecurity occurs when an individual lacks the financial resources to ensure reliable access to sufficient food to meet their dietary, nutritional and social needs. Adults living with mental ill health, particularly severe mental illness, are more likely to experience food insecurity than the general adult population. Despite this, most interventions and policy reforms in recent years have been aimed at children and families, with little regard for other vulnerable groups. Initiating a conversation about access to food can be tricky and assessing for food insecurity does not happen in mental health settings. This article provides an overview of food insecurity and how it relates to mental ill health. With reference to research evidence, the reader will gain an understanding of food insecurity, how it can be assessed and how food-insecure individuals with severe mental illness can be supported. Finally, we make policy recommendations to truly address this driver of health inequality.