bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated Urinary Rab10 Phosphorylation in Idiopathic Parkinson Disease
Authors: Wang Shijie , Unnithan Shakthi , Bryant Nicole , Chang Allison , Rosenthal Liana S. , Pantelyat Alexander , Dawson Ted M. , Al‐Khalidi Hussein R. , West Andrew B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPathogenic leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 LRRK2 mutations may increase LRRK2 kinase activity and Rab substrate phosphorylation. Genetic association studies link variation in LRRK2 to idiopathic Parkinson disease (iPD) risk.ObjectivesThrough measurements of the LRRK2 kinase substrate pT73‐Rab10 in urinary extracellular vesicles, this study seeks to understand how LRRK2 kinase activity might change with iPD progression.MethodsUsing an immunoblotting approach validated in LRRK2 transgenic mice, the ratio of pT73‐Rab10 to total Rab10 protein was measured in extracellular vesicles from a cross‐section of G2019S LRRK2 mutation carriers (N = 45 participants) as well as 485 urine samples from a novel longitudinal cohort of iPD and controls (N = 85 participants). Generalized estimating equations were used to conduct analyses with commonly used clinical scales.ResultsAlthough the G2019S LRRK2 mutation did not increase pT73‐Rab10 levels, the ratio of pT73‐Rab10 to total Rab10 nominally increased over baseline in iPD urine vesicle samples with time, but did not increase in age‐matched controls (1.34‐fold vs. 1.05‐fold, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.004–0.56; P = 0.046; Welch's t test). Effect estimates adjusting for sex, age, disease duration, diagnosis, and baseline clinical scores identified increasing total Movement Disorder Society‐Sponsored Revision of the Unified (MDS‐UPDRS) scores (β = 0.77; CI, 0.52–1.01; P = 0.0001) with each fold increase of pT73‐Rab10 to total Rab10. Lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score in iPD is also associated with increased pT73‐Rab10.ConclusionsThese results provide initial insights into peripheral LRRK2‐dependent Rab phosphorylation, measured in biobanked urine, where higher levels of pT73‐Rab10 are associated with worse disease progression. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society.
Neuroimaging in Glucocerebrosidase‐Associated Parkinsonism: A Systematic Review
Authors: Filippi Massimo , Balestrino Roberta , Basaia Silvia , Agosta Federica 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMutations in the GBA gene cause Gaucher's disease (GD) and constitute the most frequent genetic risk factor for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). Nonmanifesting carriers of GBA mutations/variants (GBA‐NMC) constitute a potential PD preclinical population, whereas PD patients carrying some GBA mutations/variants (GBA‐PD) have a higher risk of a more aggressive disease course. Different neuroimaging techniques are emerging as potential biomarkers in PD and have been used to study GBA‐associated parkinsonism.ObjectiveThe aim is to critically review studies applying neuroimaging to GBA‐associated parkinsonism.MethodsLiterature search was performed using PubMed and EMBASE databases (last search February 7, 2022). Studies reporting neuroimaging findings in GBA‐PD, GD with and without parkinsonism, and GBA‐NMC were included.ResultsThirty‐five studies were included. In longitudinal studies, GBA‐PD patients show a more aggressive disease than iPD at both structural magnetic resonance imaging and 123‐fluoropropylcarbomethoxyiodophenylnortropane single‐photon emission computed tomography. Fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography and brain perfusion studies reported a greater cortical involvement in GBA‐PD compared to iPD. Overall, contrasting evidence is available regarding GBA‐NMC for imaging and clinical findings, although subtle differences have been reported compared with healthy controls with no mutations.ConclusionsAlthough results must be interpreted with caution due to limitations of the studies, in line with previous clinical observations, GBA‐PD showed a more aggressive disease progression in neuroimaging longitudinal studies compared to iPD. Cognitive impairment, a “clinical signature” of GBA‐PD, seems to find its neuroimaging correlate in the greater cortical burden displayed by these patients as compared to iPD. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
A circularly polarized patch antenna with a slotted parasitic loop
Authors: Li Jian‐Feng , Xu Tao , Tian Xin‐Xin , Hu Zhen‐Xin , Zhang Gray , Ye Liang H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the letter, a circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna is proposed, which consists of a slotted radiation patch, a slotted parasitic loop with a short pin, and a ground plane. The slot with one open and one circular end is etched in the radiation patch, and the current distribution of the radiation patch is disturbed to excite the first CP mode. The currents distributed on the slotted radiation patch and parasitic loop can superimpose or cancel each other to produce the second CP mode. Impedance matching and the performance of the first CP can be improved by the two slots and short pin introduced into the parasitic loop, but without effect on the second CP mode. A prototype is designed, and a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 21.3% (3.10–3.84 GHz), a 3‐dB axial‐ratio bandwidth of 10.1% (3.29–3.64 GHz), an in‐band radiation efficiency of 75%, and unidirectional left‐hand circular‐polarized radiation pattern with in‐band gain of 8.0 dBi are realized.
A novel anion exchange membrane based on silicone/polyphenylene oxide with excellent ionic conductivity for AEMFC
Authors: Liu Qian , Wang Zhe , Sui Zhiyin , Shui Tianen , Wang Song 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo achieve good stability of anion‐exchange membranes. We report an organic–inorganic composite anion exchange membrane based on polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and 3‐[2‐(2‐aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyl‐trimethoxysilane to improve dimensional stability and mechanical stability without affecting ionic conductivity. The successful synthesis of the membranes was confirmed by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, and EDX. The SiOSi three‐dimensional network cross‐linked structure was formed inside the anion‐exchange membranes by added inorganic fillers. It suppressed the swelling behavior of the membrane after water uptake, with water uptake rate of 48.2%–55.6% and swelling rate of 3.1%–14.2%. It improved the mechanical strength of the membranes with tensile strength of 33.5–37.8 MPa as the ratio of the membrane structure varied. Meanwhile, the flexible chain segments in the polymer structure contributed to the formation of microscopic phase separation structures, and the constructed ion‐conducting channels enabled QPPO‐Si‐5 to reach the highest hydroxide ion conductivity of 78.7 mS/cm at 80°C (ion exchange capacity [IEC] value of 1.2 mmol/g). QPPO‐Si‐1 exhibited better long‐term chemical stability, retaining 48.3% of the initial conductivity (30.8 mS/cm) after 600 h of alkali stability testing at 80°C in 1 M KOH solution. In conclusion, the results of this study provide a facile synthetic strategy with improved membrane's comprehensive performance.
Contrasting reproductive traits of competing parasitoids facilitate coexistence on a shared host pest in a biological control perspective
Authors: Cusumano Antonino , Peri Ezio , Alınç Tuğcan , Colazza Stefano 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDInterspecific competition in insect parasitoids is an important ecological phenomenon that has relevant implications for biological pest control. To date, interspecific intrinsic (=larval) competition has been intensively studied, while investigations on extrinsic (=adult) competition have often lagged behind. In this study we examined the role played by parasitoid reproductive traits and host clutch size on the outcome of extrinsic competition between Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) and Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Vassiliev), two egg parasitoids of the pest Nezara viridula (L). Laboratory experiments were conducted by allowing both parasitoid species to exploit an egg mass made of 10, 20, 30, or 40 hosts through single or simultaneous releases. Furthermore, under field conditions, egg masses consisting of 10 or 40 hosts were exposed in a tomato crop in order to validate laboratory investigation.RESULTSThe results show that the egg mass size is an important predictor of extrinsic competition in our study system as a higher proportion of T. basalis emerged from large egg masses, while O. telenomicida dominated in small egg masses. Analysis of reproductive traits of parasitoid species indicates that T. basalis has superior abilities in host exploitation compared with O. telenomicida.CONCLUSIONSWe found that contrasting reproductive traits of two competing egg parasitoid species facilitate coexistence on a shared stink bug host. This work also highlights the importance to consider extrinsic competitive interactions between parasitoid species in a biological control perspective. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Metadynamics simulations on the key factors of handedness induction of quinoline oligoamide foldamers with a terminal chiral group
Authors: Zhou Caihua , Liu Zhiwei , Guo Yannv 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMetadynamics simulation has been used to determine the conformational energy landscapes of several helical quinoline oligoamides bearing β‐pinene‐derived pyridine at either the C or N‐terminus. Based on the experimental results, the helix‐sense preference for four types of foldamers with the chiral terminal group has been verified. To compare to the key factors inducing handedness to helix‐sense preference, a terminal group with three hydrogen bond sites is designed and corresponding foldamers are built. The calculated results show that the delocalization effect and steric hindrance are mainly responsible for a particular helix‐sense preference for the investigated foldamers. The more hydrogen bonds between the terminal group and oligoamide units are formed, the more stable foldamers are.
External knowledge sourcing, knowledge spillovers, and internal collaboration: The effects of intrafirm linkages on firm‐university co‐authorship linkages
Authors: Polidoro Francisco , Lampert Curba Morris , Kim Minyoung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryExisting literature shows the benefits of firm‐university collaborations. Yet, it has overlooked factors that mitigate concerns with outgoing knowledge spillovers associated with this form of external knowledge sourcing. This study argues that the deterrent effects produced by intrafirm collaborations make a firm more likely to form co‐authorship linkages with a university when its corresponding R&D unit exhibits a higher degree of intrafirm collaboration linkages, especially when that university maintains more linkages with rivals. Analysis at the firm unit‐university‐year level using data on co‐authorship linkages between 157 pharmaceutical firms and the top 400 global universities during a 25‐year period supports these propositions. This study advances research on knowledge sourcing by showing the role of internal collaborations in enabling external knowledge sourcing.Managerial SummaryA firm whose employees co‐author scientific articles with university‐affiliated researchers gains access to external knowledge it can build on to create innovations. But, these collaborations with academia can also produce knowledge spillovers benefiting rivals, thereby undermining a firm's efforts to protect its knowledge. Using data from the pharmaceutical industry, this study shows that, because collaboration between inventors in a firm's R&D unit with inventors in other units helps protect that firm's knowledge, a firm creates more co‐authorship linkages with a university when its respective R&D unit exhibits higher levels of internal collaboration with other units. This effect underscores the role of internal collaboration in helping a firm boost innovativeness via external collaboration with universities while mitigating concerns with the erosion of knowledge protection.
Rapid preparation of carbon‐supported ruthenium nanoparticles by magnetic induction heating for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction in both acidic and alkaline media
Authors: Liu Qiming , Lu Bingzhang , Nichols Forrest , Ko Jeffrey , Mercado Rene , Bridges Frank , Chen Shaowei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRuthenium has been hailed as a competitive alternative for platinum toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), a critical process in electrochemical water splitting. In this study, we successfully prepare metallic Ru nanoparticles supported on carbon paper by utilizing a novel magnetic induction heating (MIH) method. The samples are obtained within seconds, featuring a Cl‐enriched surface that is unattainable via conventional thermal annealing. The best sample within the series shows a remarkable HER activity in both acidic and alkaline media with an overpotential of only ‐23 and ‐12 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA/cm2, highly comparable to that of the Pt/C benchmark. Theoretical studies based on density functional theory show that the excellent electrocatalytic activity is accounted by the surface metal‐Cl species that facilitate charge transfer and downshift the d‐band center. Results from this study highlight the unique advantages of MIH in rapid sample preparation, where residual anion ligands play a critical role in manipulating the electronic properties of the metal surfaces and the eventual electrocatalytic activity.
Business (un)usual: Critical skills for the next normal
Authors: Ferreira Caitlin , Robertson Jeandri , Pitt Leyland 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe impact of COVID‐19 on global human resource (HR) management has been swift, dramatic and has fundamentally changed HR processes. The prompt online migration of business has altered the skills required by employees to succeed in the workplace of the future. This research examines the hard and soft skill gaps that exist in the digital marketing and advertising industry. Through the use of two data collection points in 2019 and 2020, the research identified a renewed importance being placed on soft skills in the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Soft skills and the development thereof have become a key focal area of training for new employees as a result of remote working. The identified hard skill gaps are indicative of the future growth areas of the industry, focusing on data analytics, marketing automation and user experience. Future research should consider an expansion to other industry‐specific skills and contrast country‐level skill gaps.
A chronic, non‐healing, ulcerative and proliferative lesion revealed to be squamous cell carcinoma in a camel
Authors: Garcia Jessica , Molinet Elizabeth , Aponte Camille Marie Cordero , Carlson Ariel , Mulon Pierre‐Yves 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA 20‐year‐old, male, neutered camel presented with an 8‐month history of a proliferative and ulcerated cush pad lesion refractory to topical wound management. The referring veterinarian performed a punch biopsy to further investigate the tissue; findings were consistent with granulation tissue. The patient was referred to University of Tennessee Farm Animal Medicine and Surgery service for additional diagnostics, surgical debridement and intensive wound care. The camel underwent surgical debridement of the lesion, and histopathology was consistent with a squamous cell carcinoma. Bloodwork revealed a severe non‐regenerative anaemia and leukocytosis suspected to be paraneoplastic changes. During hospitalisation, it was identified that the patient suffered from a subluxated fetlock of the left front limb and a fully dropped fetlock of the front right limb due to compensatory over‐weightbearing. Due to poor prognosis of the aggressive squamous cell carcinoma associated with a severe anaemia and concomitant musculoskeletal disease, humane euthanasia was elected.
SAturated Transposon Analysis in Yeast (SATAY) for Deep Functional Mapping of Yeast Genomes
Authors: Michel Agnès H. , Kornmann Benoît 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGenome-wide transposon mutagenesis followed by deep sequencing allows the genome-wide mapping of growth-affecting loci in a straightforward and time-efficient way.SAturated Transposon Analysis in Yeast (SATAY) takes advantage of a modified maize transposon that is highly mobilizable in S. cerevisiae. SATAY allows not only the genome-wide mapping of genes required for growth in select conditions (such as genetic interactions or drug sensitivity/resistance), but also of protein sub-domains, as well as the creation of gain- and separation-of-function alleles. From strain preparation to the mapping of sequencing reads, we detail all the steps for the making and analysis of SATAY libraries in any S. cerevisiae lab, requiring only ordinary equipment and access to a Next-Gen sequencing platform.
New Attempts
Authors: Melo João Vicente 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores the evolution of the Mughal and Portuguese geopolitical strategies that paved the way for the second (1591–1592) and third (1595–1775) Jesuit missions to the Mughal court. This chapter also analyses the reactions of the members of the second mission to Akbar’s religious policies and millenarian positions, as well as the diplomatic activities and proselytising strategies of the third Jesuit mission initiated in 1595. This chapter will be focused on the top-down strategy implemented by Jerónimo Xavier and the popular mission developed by Manoel Pinheiro in Lahore. Special attention is given to the roles played by the missionaries and their converts and patrons in the empire’s social, political and economic life, as well as the capacity of the Jesuit missionaries to reach different social groups.
1612–1615
Authors: Melo João Vicente 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis chapter is dedicated to the evolution of the English strategies vis-à-vis the Mughal Empire following the ‘embassies’ of Paul Canning, Thomas Kerridge and William Edwards, which took place between 1613 and 1615. This chapter reassesses the activities of these three envoys and their attempts to surpass the apparent Jesuit influence at the Mughal court. The evolution of the EIC’s diplomatic manoeuvres will be juxtaposed with the Jesuit efforts to secure a channel of communication between the Mughal court and the Estado da Índia during the Luso-Mughal crisis of 1613–1615.
Radio(chemo)therapy in anaplastic thyroid cancer—high locoregional but low distant control rates—a monocentric analysis of a tertiary referral center
Authors: Schmied Matthias , Lettmaier Sebastian , Semrau Sabine , Traxdorf Maximilian , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Mueller Sarina K. , Iro Heinrich , Denz Axel , Grützmann Robert , Fietkau Rainer , Haderlein Marlen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a lethal disease with highly aggressive disease progression. This study analyses the influence of radio(chemo)therapy, R(C)T, on disease control, survival rates and predictors for survival.Patients and methodsA total of 33 patients with ATC, treated at a tertiary referral center between May 2001 and April 2020 were included. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to investigate correlates of R(C)T and predictors on disease control and survival rates.ResultsMedian follow-up was 4 months. In UICC stage IVA and IVB median overall survival (OS) was 8 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6 months. Patients with UICC stage IVA and IVB and patients being irradiated with a radiation dose of more than 60 Gy showed increased OS. Of these patients, 3 were alive and free from disease. All of them receiving cisplatin-based radiochemotherapy and a minimum radiation dose of 66 Gy. UICC stage IVC showed a median OS of 2.5 months and a median PFS of 1 month. Only 2 of 16 patients had local failure.ConclusionDepending on UICC stage, RT with high radiation dose can lead to improved OS or at least higher locoregional control. A limiting factor is the high incidence of distant metastases; therefore modern systemic treatment options should be integrated into multimodal therapy concepts.
Alltägliche Grenzüberschreitungen: zur Skandalisierung der klinischen Arzneimittelprüfungen des Psychiaters Roland Kuhn
Authors: Helmchen Hanfried 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung„Testfall Münsterlingen. Klinische Versuche in der Psychiatrie, 1940–1980“ heißt der Bericht einer Untersuchungskommission, die die Regierung des Schweizer Kantons Thurgau 2016 eingesetzt hatte, nachdem mehrere Presseartikel ab 2012 die Arzneimittelprüfungen von Roland Kuhn, dem ehemaligen ärztlichen Direktor der kantonalen Anstalt in Münsterlingen, skandalisiert hatten. Der Bericht problematisiert „aus heutiger Sicht“ „feine Diskrepanzen, in alltäglichen Grenzüberschreitungen“. Solche Grenzüberschreitungen wurden vor allem in fehlender, unzureichender oder nicht belegter Aufklärung und Einwilligung der Patienten gesehen sowie bei der Anwendung der Prüfsubstanzen, die zwischen (meist) akzeptierter oder nicht abgelehnter Einnahme und getarnter oder (selten) angedrohter Applikation per Injektion variierte. Damit zeigt der Bericht einerseits die erhebliche Entwicklung des normativen Kontextes der Behandlung psychisch Kranker in den letzten 70 Jahren und vermag andererseits durch seine detaillierten Schilderungen, heutige Therapeuten für den aktuellen Kontext zu sensibilisieren. Es ist aber vor allem die Geschichte des verantwortlichen Psychiaters Roland Kuhn, des arzneimittelprüfenden Entdeckers der antidepressiven Wirkung des Imipramin. Diese Entdeckungsgeschichte wird aus sehr unterschiedlichen Perspektiven beurteilt und damit auch relativiert und ist zwischen der Beobachtung eines „Provinzpsychiaters“ und ihrer Nobelpreiswürdigkeit angesiedelt; dabei scheinen kritisch bewertete Züge der Eigenart von Kuhns Persönlichkeit auch die gelegentlich negative Tonlage des Kommissionsberichtes beeinflusst zu haben. Festzuhalten ist, dass Kuhn mit seiner qualitativen psychopathologischen Einzelfallbeobachtung die antidepressive Wirkung einer Prüfsubstanz entdeckt hat, die als Hypothese durch nachfolgende quantitative statistische Methoden verifiziert wurde.
Aufarbeitung der DDR-Psychotherapie als transdisziplinäres Forschungsfeld
Authors: Strauß Bernhard , Kirschner Harriet , Paripovic Gordana , Storch Monika , Gallistl Adrian 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungMehr als 30 Jahre nach der deutschen „Wiedervereinigung“ findet die Forschung zur DDR wieder mehr Interesse, so auch die Untersuchung der psychosozialen Fachdisziplinen und deren Stellung im Gesundheitssystem. Die Übersicht fokussiert auf die Psychotherapie in der DDR, die – verankert in der deutschen Psychotherapietradition und den frühen Entwicklungen nach dem II. Weltkrieg – eine gewisse Eigendynamik entwickelte. Diese ist durch die anfänglich dominierenden Einflüsse aus der Sowjetunion (Pawlowismus), die gesellschaftlichen und politischen Einflüsse innerhalb Ostdeutschlands, aber auch durch die fehlenden Integrationsbemühungen seitens des Westens erklärbar. Im ersten Teil der Übersicht wird ein kurzer Abriss wesentlicher Meilensteine der DDR-Psychotherapie in Anlehnung an Geyers Handbuch gegeben und dargelegt, dass in den vergangenen 3 Jahrzehnten die Fachgeschichte überwiegend bezüglich der im Fach erschienenen Publikationen bzw. Publikationsorgane sowie in Bezug auf einzelne Protagonisten der DDR-Psychotherapie untersucht wurde.