bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protección en el Sistema Legal Peruano para Erradicar la Violencia Contra la Mujer y los Integrantes del Grupo Familiar
Authors: Canales Gonzales Oscar , Fernández Guevara Kathya 
Published: May 2022

Al referirnos al tema de la protección legal en el sistema peruano lo conceptualizamos acorde a los diferentes textos legales que se promulgan dentro del ordenamiento jurídico, esto, para garantizar una sociedad con igualdad de prerrogativas, las que se evidenciarán en su aplicación a través de los distintos órganos jurisdiccionales. El deber del Estado es proveernos una sociedad donde tanto los derechos, así como los deberes sean equitativos para todos sin distinción alguna, esto bajo la perspectiva de la igualdad ante la ley. La violencia contra la mujer y los integrantes del grupo familiar es un tema de suma preocupación e interés social, habida cuenta, esta, la violencia, se constituye en la vulneración de los derechos humanos afectando su libre desarrollo en la sociedad, la violencia está arraigada en las diferentes estructuras sociales en base al género masculino que, muchas veces valiéndose de la fuerza, superioridad y la distribución asimétrica de poder inferioriza y subordina al género femenino y de esta manera va perpetuando su desvalorización en la sociedad. Es importante precisar que en sociedades como la nuestra, en las que está arraigado el patriarcado, siempre va a existir el ego de superioridad por parte de lo masculino que generalmente pretenderá tomar posiciones de asimetría hacia lo femenino, muchos otros países vecinos no son ajenos a este tipo de comportamientos, que se puede decir son reprochables las cuales repercuten en las acciones ilícitas como el acoso, feminicidio, trata de personas entre otros.
Prevalence of Legal Liability in Sport Among Sports Council Personnel in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Alaubi Stanley C. , Deemua G. A. 
Published: May 2022

This study is on the prevalence of legal liability in sports, among male athletes in sport councils in South-South Nigeria. Nine research questions and six null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha levels. The population for this study comprised of all the 3,321 athletes and coaches in south south Nigeria with a sample size of 645 respondents (140 coaches and 505 athletes). The study adopted the cross sectional survey design. The sampling technique used was multi stage sampling procedure. The research instrument was subject to both face and content validation by the researcher’s supervisor and two experts in the field of measurement and evaluation. The reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation statistical analysis. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation for the research questions, while multiple regression were used for the testing of the null hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level of significance. Prevalence of legal liability in sports is rare among Sports personnel in South-South Nigeria; 403 (62.3%) not being involved in prevalence, while only 242 (37.7%) experienced prevalence. Based on these findings, it was recommended among others that: Ministry of sport should introduce sporting activities, training and retraining from time to time in order to improve the knowledge of Sports personnel with issues relating to legal liability in sport.
Severe hematoma following the use of low molecular weight heparin in preterm neonate
Authors: Durrani Naveed Ur Rehman , Elfaki Elhindi , Sigola Nqobile Tessa , Tscherning Charlotte , Gupta Samir , Glass Graeme E. , Yajamanyum Phani Kiran 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
With the increased survival of preterm neonates, thromboembolic (TE) events are increasingly being recognized due to the use of indwelling catheters. It is still debatable to treat TE with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or follow expectant management. Despite the safety and efficacy profile about using LMWH in adults, its use in extreme preterm neonates with TE events is limited. The therapeutic level and pharmacokinetics of LMWH in the preterm population are relatively variable.

Case presentation
We present a case with a severe hematoma on the left thigh following the use of LMWH, which was surgically drained and had a successful skin graft.

Conclusions
This case highlights the importance of early and close monitoring of injection sites in patients treated with LMWH.
Decision-making factors of female A-level chemistry students when choosing to study a degree in chemistry
Authors: Crossdale Rachel , Scott Fraser J. , Sweeney Gemma 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Gender issues, and specifically the lack of women in the physical sciences, has been a subject of intense debate for decades. The problem is so acute, that national initiatives have been developed to analyse and address the issues, with some success in STEM, particularly in higher education and also in industry. However, despite this progress, there is little understanding as to why women are less likely to study the chemical sciences in particular. In this research, a survey and interviews were used to find out why female A-level chemistry students choose, or do not choose, to study chemistry at higher education level. Two distinct phases were identified. Firstly, intelligence gathering to understand the location, content, entry requirements, and career options for potential course and institution combinations. Secondly, self-reflection to establish whether, knowing themselves, students feel as though they would be successful on a particular course at a particular institution. These findings align with research into gender imbalance in STEM and Higher Education more broadly, but go beyond this to broaden current debates with a focus on chemistry in particular.
Mechanism comics as a task in a written exam in organic chemistry for pre-service chemistry teachers
Authors: Hermanns Jolanda , Kunold Helen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we describe and evaluate a study on the use of mechanism comics for writing solutions to a task in a written exam for the course “Organic Chemistry I for Pre-Service Chemistry Teachers.” The students had to design a reaction mechanism for a reaction that was unknown to them and write captions explaining every step of their reaction mechanism. The students’ work was evaluated using the method of qualitative content analysis in four rounds by both authors. The majority of the captions were coded as “descriptive” and only a minority as “causal.” This means that the students mostly described “what” happened, but seldom “why” this happened. Implicit electron movement was also described more often than explicit electron movement. The majority of the captions were technically correct. In summary, the students were capable of designing and describing a reaction mechanism for a previously unknown reaction. The quality of their reasoning could be improved, however. In the new course, the quality of students’ mechanistic reasoning and then especially their explanations of “why” mechanistic steps occur will be given much clearer emphasis.
Eukaryotic tRNA splicing – one goal, two strategies, many players
Authors: Gerber Janina L. , Köhler Sandra , Peschek Jirka 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are transcribed as precursor molecules that undergo several maturation steps before becoming functional for protein synthesis. One such processing mechanism is the enzyme-catalysed splicing of intron-containing pre-tRNAs. Eukaryotic tRNA splicing is an essential process since intron-containing tRNAs cannot fulfil their canonical function at the ribosome. Splicing of pre-tRNAs occurs in two steps: The introns are first excised by a tRNA-splicing endonuclease and the exons are subsequently sealed by an RNA ligase. An intriguing complexity has emerged from newly identified tRNA splicing factors and their interplay with other RNA processing pathways during the past few years. This review summarises our current understanding of eukaryotic tRNA splicing and the underlying enzyme machinery. We highlight recent structural advances and how they have shaped our mechanistic understanding of tRNA splicing in eukaryotic cells. A special focus lies on biochemically distinct strategies for exon-exon ligation in fungi versus metazoans.
The effect of using polyolefin fiber on some properties of slurry-infiltrated fibrous concrete
Authors: Jerry Ali Hassan , Fawzi Nada Mahdi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Slurry-infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) is a special type of concrete that has great strength, as well as high ductility. However, the unit weight is high, which exceeds the unit weight of fiber-reinforced concrete, because of the high fiber content. This research aims to verify the compressive and flexural strength, as well as the density of SIFCON when using two different fibers (steel and polyolefin). Sometimes mono type of fiber steel or polyolefin, sometimes by hybridizing two types of fiber steel + polyplefin. Volume fraction (6% for all species) was used. Hook-end steel fiber and polyolefin fiber are used. With hybridization, a total volume fraction of 6% was used, which is 2/3 steel fibers with 1/3 polyolefin and vice versa. In addition, silica fume replaced 10% of the weight of cement. After checking all the results, the highest compressive strength was achieved in the SNS (symbol of mix SIFCON with 6% steel fiber) series by 81 MPa, as well as the highest flexural strength by 23 MPa, but it was the highest density of 2,490 kg/m3. The series contained 2/3 polyolefin and 1/3 steel fibers, which are ideal as they significantly reduced the density of the steel fiber series 2,490–2,210 kg/m3, as well as there was no significant reduction in strength as it achieved 67 MPa in the compressive strength and 19 MPa in the flexural strength, which are values suitable for high SIFCON applications.
Ultrasound in labor: clinical practice guideline and recommendation by the WAPM-World Association of Perinatal Medicine and the PMF-Perinatal Medicine Foundation
Authors: Rizzo Giuseppe , Ghi Tullio , Henrich Wolfgang , Tutschek Boris , Kamel Rasha , Lees Christoph C , Mappa Ilenia , Kovalenko Mariya , Lau Wailam , Eggebo Torbjorn , Achiron Reuven , Sen Cihat 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This recommendation document follows the mission of the World Association of Perinatal Medicine in collaboration with the Perinatal Medicine Foundation. We aim to bring together groups and individuals throughout the world for standardization to implement the ultrasound evaluation in labor ward and improve the clinical management of labor. Ultrasound in labor can be performed using a transabdominal or a transperineal approach depending upon which parameters are being assessed. During transabdominal imaging, fetal anatomy, presentation, liquor volume, and placental localization can be determined. The transperineal images depict images of the fetal head in which calculations to determine a proposed fetal head station can be made.
Forecasting Inflation in Mongolia: A Dynamic Model Averaging Approach
Authors: Doojav Gan-Ochir , Luvsannyam Davaajargal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the use of the dynamic model averaging (DMA) approach for identifying good inflation predictors and forecasting inflation in Mongolia, one of the most commodity-dependent economies. The DMA approach allows for both a set of predictors for inflation and marginal effects of predictors to change over time. Our empirical work resulted in several novel findings. First, external variables (i.e., China’s growth, China’s inflation, and change in oil price) play an important role in forecasting inflation and change considerably over time and over forecast horizons. Second, among domestic variables, wage inflation and M2 growth are currently the best predictors for short and longer forecast horizons. Third, the use of DMA leads to substantial improvements in forecast performance, and DMA (2,15) with the chosen forgetting factors is the best performer in predicting inflation for Mongolia.
Mathematical model of a frequency pressure transducer based on a resonant tunneling diode
Authors: Osadchuk O.V. , Osadchuk V.S. , Osadchuk I.O. 
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the design of pressure sensor with a frequency output signal that is based on the physical processes in a resonant tunnel diode under the action of pressure. The use of devices with negative differential resistance can significantly simplify the design of pressure sensors in the entire radio frequency range. Depending on the operating modes of the sensor, an output signal can be obtained in the form of harmonic oscillations. Pressure sensor characteristics researches based on complete equivalent circuit diagram resonant tunnel diode, which takes into account its capacitive and inductive properties. A mathematical model of the pressure sensor was developed, upon which the analytical dependences of the change in the elements tunnel resonance diode from pressure have been determined, as well as conversion functions and sensor sensitivity. It is shown that the main contribution to changes in the conversion function and sensor sensitivity is made by the change in the negative differential resistance with the change in pressure. This, in turn, results in different readings of the instrument's output frequency. The sensitivity of the sensor varied from 1.15 kHz/Pa·105 to 14.16 kHz/Pa·105 in the pressure range from 50·105 Pa up to 350·105 Pa.
Prevalence and clinical utility of sperm DNA fragmentation index in couples with unexplained infertility
Authors: Tandulwadkar Sunita , Babar Swati R. , Mishra Sneha , Gupta Shruti 
Published: May 2022

Background: Worldwide increased burden of infertility has built up stress in reproductive age group couples. Female factor evaluation and semen analysis are carried out routinely in infertility work up. As per the recent observations, males with normal semen analysis may have abnormal sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Thus, rendering semen analysis with poor diagnostic value in unexplained infertility cases. There is lack of adequate literature on prevalence of abnormal DFI in unexplained infertility. This study is directed to contribute to the literature by assessing prevalence of couples with ‘unexplained infertility’ having DFI>15% in male partners. Methods: After getting approval from institutional ethical and scientific research committee, 200 couples with unexplained infertility were recruited for the study and sperm DFI using sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test (Halo test) was done. Results: Out of 200 subjects, 54% were having low DFI, 32% were having moderate DFI and 14% were having high DFI.Conclusions: Many couples diagnosed as unexplained infertility according to traditional diagnostic methods has remarkably high degrees of fragmented sperm DNA. Identification of such couples provide vital information and better therapeutic options can be offered to them to achieve best reproductive outcomes.
A case report on a rare occurrence: mesenteric cyst complicating pregnancy
Authors: Regupathi Shri Janani , Janakiraman Prabha 
Published: May 2022

Mesenteric cysts are very rare abdominal tumours with an incidence of 1/250000 cases and a mere less than 10 cases noted in pregnancy. The etiology is attributed to the failure of communication of lymph nodes to the lymphatics. These cysts can be uni/multilocular and involve the small bowel mesentery. An 18 year old primigravida at 12 weeks of gestation was admitted with complaints of lower abdominal pain for 1 month. Ultrasound revealed the presence of loculated ascites or a mesenteric cyst. MRI abdomen revealed a large well defined cystic lesion with thick septations suggestive of a complex ovarian cyst/ mesenteric cyst. Patient was planned for laparotomy. On laparotomy, the patient had 2 large mesenteric cysts with intervening bowel. Fluid aspirate from the cyst was turbid/chylolymphatic. Laparotomy was proceeded to excision of the cyst with resection and anastomosis of the bowel. Post operatively, there were no complications noted at the site of anastomosis, an ultrasound showed a live fetus with good cardiac activity and adequate growth. She carried the fetus to term with no maternal and fetal complications and was terminated by caesarean section. A very large cyst may affect the growth of the fetus, may rupture spontaneously or may undergo torsion. The definitive treatment is enucleation with/without bowel resection. Early identification and definitive treatment is necessary for proper management of the condition.
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of a fast-setting bioceramic endodontic material
Authors: JI Mengzhen , CHI Yaqi , WANG Ye , XIONG Kaixin , CHEN Xuan , ZOU Ling 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the fast-setting bioceramic iRoot Fast Set Root Repair Material (iRoot FS) and two other calcium silicate cements.
Methods
The antimicrobial activity of iRoot FS, ProRoot MTA and Biodentine against E. faecalis and P. gingivalis were evaluated in this study. The materials were freshly mixed or set for 1 and 7 days to conduct the agar diffusion test, direct contact test and carry-over effect test, and the pH values were also measured. The data were analyzed by an analysis of variance and two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05).
Results
In the direct contact test, all three materials showed good antibacterial activity after setting for 20 minutes. The antibacterial properties of the three materials decreased with the increase of setting time. The suspension of all the three materials showed high pH values (11–12). With the extension of setting time, the pH of iRoot FS and Biodentine slightly decreased.
Conclusion
Fresh iRoot FS, Biodentine, and MTA killed E. faecalis and P. gingivalis effectively, and the antimicrobial effect of all the three materials decreased over 1 and 7 days after mixing. All three materials showed a tendency of alkalinity which last for at least 7 days after setting.
COVID-19 and the Law in Uganda: Development and Application of the Public Health Act to Control the Pandemic, 2020-2021
Authors: Achan Martha Isabella , Nabukenya Immaculate , Mitanda Sarah , Nakacwa Joanita , Luswata Brian , Bakiika Herbert , Nabatanzi Maureen , Bukirwa Justine , Nakanwagi Aisha , Nakiire Lydia , Aperce Cedric , Schwid Aaron , Okware Solome , Lamorde Mohammed , Makumbi Issa , Muruta Allan , Mwebesa Henry. G. , Aceng Jane Ruth 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Despite the discovery of vaccines, control and prevention efforts for the novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relied on non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). This article describes the development and application of the public health law in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda. Methods: A process evaluation of Uganda’s experience with enacting COVID-19 Rules. Briefly, the Public Health Act Chap. 281 (1935) was reviewed each time there was a revision of the NPIs during the COVID-19 outbreak. The study assessed how and what rules were developed, their influence on the outbreak progress, and cases of litigation. The data sources were applicable laws and policies, Presidential speeches, cabinet resolutions, statutory instruments, the COVID-19 situation reports, and the registry of court cases that contributed to a triangulated analysis. Results: Uganda applied four of the COVID-19 broad Rules for the period March to October 2021. These Rules were amended twenty–one (21) times realigned along the pandemic curve, had an expiry period, and were preceded by Presidential pronouncements and directives. The Minister of Health enacted the Rules which were followed by response teams, enforcement agencies, and the general population. The enactment of COVID-19 Rules was necessary but not sufficient to control the pandemic, hence other laws came into play, specifically the Uganda Peoples Defense Forces Act No. 7 of 2005, the Public Finance Management Act No. 3 of 2015, and the National Policy for Disaster Preparedness and Management. Enacting COVID-19 Rules attracted specific litigation arising from perceived infringement on certain human rights provisions. Conclusions: Countries can enact supportive legislation within the course of an outbreak. The balance of enforcing public health interventions and human rights infringements would be an important consideration in future. We recommend public sensitization about legislative provisions and reforms to guide public health responses in future epidemics or pandemics.
CEA Dynamics for Prediction of Response after Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibodies Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kang Sora , Kim Sun Young , Hong Yong Sang , Kim Tae Won , Choi Ki Eun , Kim Min Jung , Kim Jeong Eun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is the most widely used tumor marker in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but its potential as a predictive marker of progression in mCRC during systemic chemotherapy, particularly in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies as a combination therapy, has remained a question of interest. We here investigated whether CEA changes could predict disease progression and clinical outcomes in mCRC patients who had been co-administered systemic chemotherapy and biologic agents.
Methods
A total of 1261 mCRC patients undergoing a first-line systemic treatment were included in this retrospective study. We analyzed the optimal cut-off for CEA changes to predict progression at the first re-evaluation by the treatment arm (chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies [mAb], and chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR mAb). These cut-off values were then used to predict overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).
Results
When stratified by their treatment arm, 891 (70.6%), 266 (21.0%), and 104 (8.2%) of the study patients were included in the chemotherapy alone-, anti-VEGF mAb-, and anti-EGFR mAb groups, respectively. The optimal CEA cut-off values were 16.5% and 38.9% increase in the whole cohort and anti-EGFR mAb group, respectively, and showed high sensitivity and specificity for predicting disease progression. The patients in the entire population and anti-EGFR mAb group with CEA changes below these cut-off values had significantly better OS and PFS outcomes. Among the mCRC cases treated with the anti-VEGF mAb, no associations were found between the OS and PFS outcomes, and CEA changes.
Conclusion
CEA is potentially a good surrogate marker for predicting disease progression and survival outcomes in mCRC patients receiving first-line systemic chemotherapy, especially when combined with anti-EGFR mAb.