bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homogeneous and heterogeneous photolysis of nitrate in the atmosphere: state of the science, current research needs, and future prospects
Authors: Cao Yiqun , Ma Qingxin , Chu Biwu , He Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNitrate is an important component of atmospheric particulate matter and affects air quality, climate, human health, and the ecosystem. Nitrate was previously considered a permanent sink for nitrogen oxides (NOx). However, this viewpoint has been challenged in recent years because growing research evidence has shown the transformation of nitrate into NOx (i.e., renoxification). The photolysis of nitrate/HNO3, especially in the particulate phase or adsorbed on particles, can be a significant renoxification process in the atmosphere. The formation and photolysis of nitrate in aerosol not only change the diurnal variation of NOx, but also provide long-distance transport of NOx in the form of nitrate, which affects local and regional atmospheric chemistry and air quality. This review summarizes recent advances in the fundamental understanding of the photolysis of nitrate/HNO3 under various atmospheric conditions, with a focus on mechanisms and key factors affecting the process. The atmospheric implications are discussed and future research is recommended.
Habenula as a Possible Target for Treatment-Resistant Depression Phenotype in Wistar Kyoto Rats
Authors: Korlatowicz Agata , Pabian Paulina , Solich Joanna , Kolasa Magdalena , Latocha Katarzyna , Dziedzicka-Wasylewska Marta , Faron-Górecka Agata 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The mechanisms of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are not clear and are difficult to study. An animal model resembling human TRD is the Wistar Kyoto rat strain. In the present study, we focused on selecting miRNAs that differentiate rats of the WKY strain from Wistar Han (WIS) rats in two divisions of the habenula, the lateral and medial (LHb and MHb, respectively). Based on our preliminary study and literature survey, we identified 32 miRNAs that could be potentially regulated in the habenula. Six miRNAs significantly differentiated WKY rats from WIS rats within the MHb, and three significantly differentiated WKY from WIS rats within the LHb. Then, we selected relevant transcripts regulated by those miRNAs, and their expression in the habenular nuclei was investigated. For mRNAs that differentiated WKY rats from WIS rats in the MHb (Cdkn1c, Htr7, Kcnj9, and Slc12a5), their lower expression correlated with a higher level of relevant miRNAs. In the LHb, eight mRNAs significantly differentiated WKY from WIS rats (upregulated Htr4, Drd2, Kcnj5, and Sstr4 and downregulated Htr2a, Htr7, Elk4, and Slc12a5). These data indicate that several important miRNAs are expressed in the habenula, which differentiates WKY rats from WIS rats and in turn correlates with alterations in the expression of target transcripts. Of particular note are two genes whose expression is altered in WKY rats in both LHb and MHb: Slc12a5 and Htr7. Regulation of KCC2 via the 5-HT7 receptor may be a potential target for the treatment of TRD.
A multilevel analysis of the relationship between leaders’ experiential avoidance and followers’ well-being
Authors: Koydemir Selda , Varol Melisa , Fehn Theresa , Bilgiç Ilkyaz D. , Gauglitz Iris , Schütz Astrid 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExperiential avoidance is defined as a process involving excessive negative evaluations of difficult or unwanted feelings, thoughts, and sensations, an unwillingness to remain in contact with and express these experiences, and habitual attempts to avoid or control them. Experiential avoidance is closely associated with maladaptive functioning. Although the ability to connect with internal experiences has been considered an important element of effective leadership, this assumption has not yet been empirically tested. On the basis of the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy model of experiential avoidance and the propositions of leadership models (e.g., transformational and authentic leadership) that characterize leadership as an emotion-related process, we examined the relationship between leaders’ experiential avoidance and their followers’ well-being in a sample of leader-follower triads. Well-being outcomes were subjective happiness, purpose in life, and job satisfaction. We also tested the mediating roles of followers’ basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration in this relationship. Multilevel mediation model analyses suggested that followers’ psychological need frustration but not need satisfaction mediated the relationship between leaders’ experiential avoidance and followers’ well-being outcomes. Thus, a rigid attitude toward one’s internal experiences as a leader is a risk factor for followers’ well-being because leaders with such attitudes may pay little attention to their followers and give rise to need frustration in their followers. Organizational efforts to increase leaders’ flexibility in dealing with negative experiences can help foster well-being among both leaders and their followers.
Dark tetrad of personality, cyberbullying, and cybertrolling among young adults
Authors: Alavi Masoumeh , Latif Adibah Abdul , Ramayah T. , Tan Jia Yue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCommunication applications and social media sites serve as a platform for users to distribute information and connect to other users, potentially allowing perpetrators to perform antisocial behaviors. The current study examined the relationship between Dark Tetrad of personality (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, sadism) and antisocial cyber-behaviors (i.e., cyberbullying, cybertrolling) by surveying young Malaysians (n = 323) aged from 18 to 26. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) revealed that Machiavellianism was not related to cyberbullying and cybertrolling, while narcissism was positively related to cyberbullying but not related to cybertrolling. Meanwhile, psychopathy and sadism were positively related to cyberbullying and cybertrolling. The results of this study contribute to the cyber-behaviors literature, knowledge about the antisocial cyber-behaviors in Malaysia, supports sadism as a dark personality and the study acts as a reference to minimize these behaviors.
Effects of Quality Practice on a Compassion Cultivation Training: Somatic and Imagery Levels of Analysis
Authors: Andreu Catherine I. , Navarrete Jaime , Roca Pablo , Baños Rosa M. , Cebolla Ausiàs 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Compassion-based interventions (CBIs) are effective in promoting mental health. However, the mechanisms through which CBIs produce these positive outcomes are not fully known. The amount of meditation practice in CBIs has been associated with the outcomes but the role of quality of practice has not yet been explored. Thus, in addition to examining the contribution of the Compassion Practice Quality Scale (CPQS) to predicting the main outcomes of a CBI (compassion cultivation training), the current study explored the scale’s construct validity and sensitivity to change.

Methods
Data were drawn from a pretest–posttest study design (n = 74), and compassion practice quality, positive self-compassion, negative self-compassion, difficulties in emotion regulation, and body awareness were assessed.

Results
The CPQS was found to be a valid and reliable measure, showing pretest–posttest differences. Overall, CPQS baseline scores were positively associated with positive self-compassion and body awareness and negatively associated with negative self-compassion and difficulties in emotion regulation. Moreover, compassion practice quality explained a significant amount of variance in positive self-compassion (ΔR2 = .18, ΔF (4, 31) = 2.69, p = .049), after controlling for baseline positive self-compassion, previous meditation experience, and frequency of formal practice during the CBI.

Conclusions
The findings confirm the significance of compassion practice quality and the usefulness of the CPQS in compassion research. Future studies should continue to investigate the psychometric properties of the CPQS, describing the daily or weekly evolution of compassion practice and developing specific pedagogical strategies to foster compassion practice quality within CBIs.
Investigating dam reservoir operation optimization using metaheuristic algorithms
Authors: Lai Vivien , Essam Yusuf , Huang Yuk Feng , Ahmed Ali Najah , El-Shafie Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe optimization of dam reservoir operations is of the utmost importance, as operators strive to maximize revenue while minimizing expenses, risks, and deficiencies. Metaheuristics have recently been investigated extensively by researchers in the management of dam reservoirs. But the animal-concept-based metaheuristic algorithm with Lévy flight integration approach has not been used at Karun-4. This paper investigates the optimization of dam reservoir operation using three unexplored metaheuristics: the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), the Levy-flight WOA (LFWOA), and the Harris hawks optimization algorithm (HHO). Utilizing a time series data set on the hydrological and climatic characteristics of the Karun-4 hydroelectric reservoir in Iran, an analysis was conducted. The objective functions and constraints of the Karun-4 hydropower reservoir were examined throughout the optimization procedure. HHO produces the best optimal value, the least-worst optimal value, the best average optimal value, and the best standard deviation (SD) with scores of 0.000026, 0.001735, 0.000520, and 0.000614, respectively, resulting in the best overall ranking mean (RM) with a score of 1.5 at Karun-4. Throughout the duration of the test, the optimized trends of water release and water storage indicate that HHO is superior to the other investigated metaheuristics. WOA has the best correlation of variation (CV) with a score of 0.090195, while LFWOA has the best convergence rate (3.208 s) and best CPU time. Overall, it can be concluded that HHO has the most desirable performance in terms of optimization. Yet, current studies indicate that both WOA and LFWOA generate positive and comparable outcomes.
Stationäre Versorgung in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie – wer hat Platz?
Authors: Sevecke Kathrin , Wenter Anna , Böge Isabel 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Im vorliegenden Artikel wird die stationäre kinder- und jugendpsychiatrische Versorgungslandschaft in Österreich vorgestellt, aktuelle Versorgungsdaten mit Stand Juni 2022 erhoben und gemessen am Bedarf beleuchtet.

Methode
Im Juni 2022 haben die Autor:innen den aktuellen Ist-Stand an den österreichischen kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Primariaten schriftlich erhoben. Hierbei wurden sowohl systemisierte Betten und Tagklinikbetten als auch die Anzahl der Fachärzt:innen und Assistenzärzt:innen berücksichtigt.

Ergebnisse
Es wurde eine Bettenmessziffer von 0,05 Betten/1000 Einwohner:innen (Stand 6/2022) berechnet, die unter den vom Österreichischen Strukturplan Gesundheit vorgegebenen Planungsrichtwerten liegt und dem – durch die Pandemie weiter angestiegenen – realen Bedarf nicht entspricht. Darüber hinaus waren im Juni 2022 österreichweit 40 Betten wegen Personalmangels geschlossen und 26,5 Ausbildungsstellen unbesetzt.

Diskussion und Schlussfolgerungen
Auch wenn mit 07.02.2022 der Ausbildungsschlüssel im Rahmen der Mangelfachverordnung befristet bis 31.05.2027 auf 1:2 angehoben wurde, ist eine hinreichende Versorgung des – gerade in den Zeiten der Pandemie gestiegenen – kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Bedarfs so kaum zu gewährleisten. Es ist dringend notwendig, dass Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Behandlungsmöglichkeiten ergriffen werden. Um nicht nur Notfallmanagement zu betreiben, sondern eine angemessene Versorgung der zunehmenden Zahl an manifest psychisch erkrankten Kindern und Jugendlichen sicherstellen zu können, muss (a) die Bettenmessziffer angehoben, (b) strukturelle Defizite behoben, aber auch (c) innovative Behandlungsmöglichkeiten im Sinne der stationsäquivalenten Behandlung (Hometreatment) umgesetzt werden.
Definizione di dieta chetogena: creatività o confusione?
Authors: Frigerio Francesco , Poggiogalle Eleonora , Donini Lorenzo M. 
Published: November 2022

SommarioDescritte per la prima volta negli anni’20 del Novecento, le diete chetogeniche sono passate da dietoterapia “di nicchia” per epilessie farmaco-resistenti o secondarie a rare malattie metaboliche (es. deficit di GLUT-1), a trattamento diffuso di patologie associate a malnutrizione per eccesso (diabete mellito di tipo 2, obesità). Attualmente non esiste una definizione univoca, ma si possono individuare tre classificazioni che combinano elementi differenti (composizione in macronutrienti, bilancio energetico, rapporto chetogenico) e risultano, pertanto, tra loro complementari. L’eterogeneità nella nomenclatura ha contribuito a generare false convinzioni sulla dieta chetogena, talvolta accostata a protocolli “low-carb” o “iperproteici”. Fare chiarezza non rappresenta quindi un mero esercizio accademico, ma un imperativo sia della ricerca sia della pratica clinica.
Frequency of sensitizations and allergies to house dust mites
Authors: Bergmann Karl-Christian 
Published: November 2022

SummaryDomestic mites is the term used to describe dust mites and storage mites that prefer to live in houses and to which many people develop sensitization through the formation of specific IgE antibodies due to the high allergenic potency of mite allergens. As a result, mites can trigger allergic diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract as well as cross-reactions to other allergens. Sensitization to house mites is widespread in the German population. About 11 million adults are sensitized in Germany (15.9%). Men are more frequently affected than women, and sensitizations occur more frequently in large cities and with higher socioeconomic status. Sensitizations are less frequent in old age. They can lead to diagnostic problems as clinically silent sensitizations, which is the case in about 40% of sensitizations.
Memory-based crowd-aware robot navigation using deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Samsani Sunil Srivatsav , Mutahira Husna , Muhammad Mannan Saeed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe evolution of learning techniques has led robotics to have a considerable influence in industrial and household applications. With the progress in technology revolution, the demand for service robots is rapidly growing and extends to many applications. However, efficient navigation of service robots in crowded environments, with unpredictable human behaviors, is still challenging. The robot is supposed to recognize surrounding information while navigating, and then act accordingly. To address this issue, the proposed method crowd Aware Memory-based Reinforcement Learning (CAM-RL) uses gated recurrent units to store the relative dependencies among the crowd, and utilizes the human–robot interactions in the reinforcement learning framework for collision-free navigation. The proposed method is compared with the state-of-the-art techniques of multi-agent navigation, such as Collision Avoidance with Deep Reinforcement Learning (CADRL), Long Short-Term Memory Reinforcement Learning (LSTM-RL) and Social Attention Reinforcement Learning (SARL). Experimental results show that the proposed method can identify and learn human–robot interactions more extensively and efficiently than above-mentioned methods while navigating in a crowded environment. The proposed method achieved a success rate of greater than or equal to $$99\%$$

99
%

and a collision rate of less than or equal to $$1\%$$

1
%

in all test case scenarios, which is better compared to the previously proposed methods.
Land Premium Effects of Urban Rail Transit and the Associated Policy Insights for TOD: A Case of Ningbo, China
Authors: Lin Xiongbin , Niu Buqing , Liu Wenting , Zhong Jingjing , Dou Qianqian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith considerable investments, mainly from local government budgets, the construction and operation of urban rail transit (URT) can exert significant spillover effects on the surrounding land use and land prices. In particular, China’s local governments are actively committed to developing their URT systems and promoting large-scale transit-oriented development (TOD) projects under the public land leasing policy. However, the connection between the land premium effects and TOD policy and practice is still lacking, particularly in the local government contexts, which exhibit significant policy and spatial heterogeneity. Thus, this research represents an attempt to better address this issue using the city of Ningbo as a case study. First, the premium effects of URT on land prices are examined, after which three crucial policy insights (land value capture [LVC], public–private cooperation [PPC], and urban regeneration) are proposed to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of TOD, demonstrating its strong connection with the potential premium effects. The findings demonstrate that (1) local governments have adopted different innovative policies—with the ambition—to implement LVC; (2) assisted by PPC, the local rail transit authority can significantly amplify the premium effects, although it must still address the fair distribution of premiums across multiple stakeholders; and (3) transit-oriented urban regeneration can significantly influence land prices/land rents and subsequently generate significant gentrification, which will be further addressed by the TOD policy and practice.
Organisational troubles in policy integration. French local food policies in the making
Authors: Pahun Jeanne , Fouilleux Eve 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To better understand policy integration dynamics, this paper analyses the early implementation of three urban food policies in France (Montpellier, Rennes, Strasbourg). A key challenge of food policies is their intersectoral nature, while policy design is usually meant to be sectoral. This article seeks to understand both levers and brakes to the implementation of effective integrated policies at the urban level. To explore the making and “everydayness” of the three policy case studies, we collected empirical data based on a multi-faceted methodology comprising a wide review of the grey literature, 29 in-depth interviews, and several series of participant observations on the ground. Our analysis indicates that dedicated organisational resources, including assigned units, trained staff and appropriate financial resources, are keys to the deployment of integrated food policies. We argue that such organisational resources should be more systematically studied in the policy integration literature. Local food policies should also be assessed more critically by putting the organisational resources they receive into perspective with the massive use the local government can make of them for communication purposes.
An investigation on optimal outrigger locations for hybrid outrigger system under wind and earthquake excitation
Authors: John Neethu Elizabeth , Kamath Kiran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOutriggers are considered as an effective system to alleviate the responses caused due to the lateral loads on high rise buildings. The concept of hybrid outrigger system which has a conventional and a virtual outrigger at different levels has been proposed. This study analyzes the static and dynamic behaviour of hybrid outrigger system based on stiffness of core, stiffness of outrigger beam and belt wall, length of the outrigger arm, and height of the building as varying parameters, and investigated on optimal positions of hybrid outrigger system under wind and earthquake loads. The dynamic behaviour was evaluated using nonlinear time history analysis, and the static wind and earthquake response using Indian Standard codes. Analytical models of 40, 60 and 80 storeys having building heights of 140 m, 210 m and 280 m, respectively were considered for the parametric study. The optimal positions for hybrid outrigger system were obtained based on the response from absolute maximum inter storey drift ratio (ISDmax), roof displacement (disproof), roof acceleration (accroof) and base bending moment. A performance index criterion was introduced which was utilized to obtain the optimal position of the hybrid outrigger system considering the combined effect of ISDmax, accroofand disproofunder each load. The study concludes with a flowchart giving the preliminary recommendations for choosing the optimal position of hybrid outrigger system.
Improvement of leaf K+ retention is a shared mechanism behind CeO2 and Mn3O4 nanoparticles improved rapeseed salt tolerance
Authors: Li Yanhui , Hu Jin , Qi Jie , Zhao Fameng , Liu Jiahao , Chen Linlin , Chen Lu , Gu Jiangjiang , Wu Honghong , Li Zhaohu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSalinity is a global issue limiting efficient agricultural production. Nanobiotechnology has been emerged as an effective approach to improve plant salt tolerance. However, little known is about the shared mechanisms between different nanomaterials-enabled plant salt tolerance. In this study, we found that both PNC [polyacrylic acid coated nanoceria (CeO2 nanoparticles)] and PMO (polyacrylic acid coated Mn3O4 nanoparticles) nanozymes improved rapeseed salt tolerance. PNC and PMO treated rapeseed plants showed significantly fresh weight, dry weight, higher chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, and carbon assimilation rate than control plants under salt stress. Results from confocal imaging with reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescent dye and histochemical staining experiments showed that the ROS over-accumulation level in PNC and PMO treated rapeseed was significantly lower than control plants under salt stress. Confocal imaging results with K+ fluorescent dye showed that significantly higher cytosolic and vacuolar K+ signals were observed in PNC and PMO treated rapeseed than control plants under salt stress. This is further confirmed by leaf K+ content data. Furthermore, we found that PNC and PMO treated rapeseed showed significantly lower cytosolic Na+ signals than control plants under salt stress. While, compared with significantly higher vacuolar Na+ signals in PNC treated plants, PMO treated rapeseed showed significantly lower vacuolar Na+ signals than control plants under salt stress. These results are further supported by qPCR results of genes of Na+ and K+ transport. Overall, our results suggest that besides maintaining ROS homeostasis, improvement of leaf K+ retention could be a shared mechanism in nano-improved plant salt tolerance.
Global Weak Solutions to an Initial-Boundary Value Problem for a Three-phase Field Model of Solidification
Authors: Hossain Md Akram , Ma Li 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, we study an initial-boundary value problem for a three-phase field model of nonisothermal solidification processes in the case of two possible crystallization states. The governing equations of the model are the three phase-field equations coupled with a nonlinear heat equation. Each equation of the model has strong nonlinearities involving the higher-order derivatives. We prove the existence of global-in-time weak solutions to our problem for one-dimensional case.