bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of great earthquakes along the Nankai Trough: reproduction of event history, slip areas of the Showa Tonankai and Nankai earthquakes, heterogeneous slip-deficit rates, and long-term slow slip events
Authors: Hirose Fuyuki , Maeda Kenji , Fujita Kenichi , Kobayashi Akio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGreat earthquakes have occurred repeatedly along the Nankai Trough, but only for recent events are details known, such as rupture areas and time lags between paired events. It is meaningful for disaster prevention to consider in advance what kind of phenomena are likely after an earthquake that partially ruptures a seismogenic zone in this region. We constructed three-dimensional simulations to partially reproduce the spatial and temporal distribution of seismic or aseismic slip and the heterogeneous distribution of the slip-deficit rate beneath the seafloor on the plate boundary along the Nankai Trough. We found it necessary to assign spatial heterogeneity to two friction parameters, the effective normal stress and characteristic distance, based on a hierarchical asperity model. Our model produced many event pairs consisting of events east and west of Cape Shiono (Tokai/Tonankai and Nankai events, respectively), nearly all of them either simultaneous or separated by less than 3 years. The rupture areas of these event pairs were rich in variation, and even when the rupture areas were the same, the magnitudes and maximum displacements differed. The Tonankai earthquakes rarely occurred alone. Our model also simulated recurring long-term slow slip events in deeper parts of the seismogenic zone, and these events were caused by stress disturbance and heterogeneous stress distributions associated with non-ruptured portions of the seismogenic zone.
Graphical Abstract
Refugee’s agency and coping strategies in refugee camps during the coronavirus pandemic: ethnographic perspectives
Authors: Böhme Claudia , Schmitz Anett 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe global spread of the coronavirus pandemic has particularly dramatic consequences for the lives of migrants and refugees living in already marginalised and restricted conditions, whose ongoing crisis is at risk of being overlooked. But refugees are not only extremely vulnerable and at risk of infection, as several reports show, quickly develop their own protection measures like the production of hygienic products, the publication of their situation and calls for action and help. Therefore, this paper aims to research the effects of the coronavirus crisis on refugees in camp settings with a special ethnographic focus on how refugees actively deal with this crisis and if they, through already developed resilience, are capable of adapting to the restrictions as well as inventing strategies to cope with the difficult situation. To account for the variety of refugee camps as well as the different living conditions due to their locality, history and national asylum politics, we will look at three different locations, namely refugee asylum homes in Germany, hotspots on the Greek islands as well as one refugee camp in Kenya. The main questions will be how, under structurally and institutionally framed conditions of power and victimisation in refugee camps, forms of agency are established, made possible or limited. The goal is to show which strategies refugees apply to cope with the enhanced restrictions and exclusion, how they act to protect themselves and others from the virus and how they present and reflect their situation during the coronavirus pandemic. Finally, this discussion offers a new perspective to consider refugees not only as vulnerable victims, but also as actively engaged individuals.
Factor structure, reliability and criterion-related validity of the English version of the Problematic Series Watching Scale
Authors: Fino Emanuele , Humphries Mollie , Robertson Jake , Orosz Gábor , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Psychological research in the past decade has investigated the psychosocial implications of problematic use of on-demand online video streaming services, particularly series watching. Yet, a psychometric measure of problematic series watching in English is not available.

Aims
The present study aimed to test the factor structure, reliability and criterion-related validity of the English version of the Problematic Series Watching Scale, a six-item self-report assessing problematic series watching, based on the biopsychosocial components model of addiction.

Method
Participants were recruited from two UK university student samples. Study 1 (n = 333) comprised confirmatory factor analysis, reliability tests and item response theory analyses to test the original unidimensional model and investigate each item's levels of discrimination and information. Study 2 (n = 209) comprised correlation analyses to test the criterion-related validity of the scale.

Results
There was a good fit of the theoretical model of the scale to the data (Comparative Fit Index = 0.998, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.024 [90% CI 0.000–0.093], Standardised Root Mean square Residual = 0.048), satisfactory reliability (ω = 0.79) and item levels of discrimination and information. The scale positively correlated with time spent watching series (rs = 0.26, P < 0.001) and negative affect (rs = 0.43, P < 0.001), and correlated negatively with positive affect (rs = −0.12, P > 0.05), mental well-being (rs = −0.25, P < 0.001) and sleep quality (rs = −0.14, P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Results are discussed in relation to the ongoing debate on binge watching and series watching in the context of positive reinforcement versus problematic behaviour.
Perioperative Beta-Blocker Supply and Survival in Women With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and a History of Cardiovascular Conditions
Authors: Spilsbury Katrina , Tuesley Karen M. , Pearson Sallie-Anne , Coory Michael D. , Donovan Peter , Steer Christopher B. , Stewart Louise M. , Pandeya Nirmala , Jordan Susan J. 
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE Surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) may activate stress-inflammatory responses that stimulate tumor growth and increase metastatic growth. Animal and in vitro studies have shown that inhibition of the catecholamine-induced inflammatory response via beta-adrenergic receptor blockade has antitumor potential in EOC. However, observational studies have reported mixed results. We assessed whether beta-blocker (BB) use at the time of primary ovarian cancer surgery was associated with improved survival in a large population-based study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using linked administrative data, a population-based cohort of 3,844 Australian women age 50 years or older with a history of cardiovascular conditions who underwent surgery for EOC was followed for survival outcomes. The average treatment effect of selective BB (SBB) and nonselective BB (NSBB) supply at the time of surgery on survival was estimated from a causal inference perspective using covariate-balanced inverse probability of treatment weights with flexible parametric survival models that allowed for time-varying survival effects. RESULTS Around the time of surgery, 560 (14.5%) women were supplied a SBB and 67 (1.7%) were supplied a NSBB. At 2 years postsurgery, the survival proportion was 80% (95% CI, 68 to 88) for women dispensed NSBBs at surgery compared with 69% (95% CI, 67 to 70) for women not supplied NSBBs. The survival advantage appeared to extend to at least 8 years postsurgery. No association was observed for women dispensed a SBB around the time of surgery. CONCLUSION Perioperative supply of NSBBs appeared to confer a survival advantage for women age over 50 years with a history of cardiovascular conditions. Long-term clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.
A Simple Cervicovaginal Epigenetic Test for Screening and Rapid Triage of Women With Suspected Endometrial Cancer: Validation in Several Cohort and Case/Control Sets
Authors: Herzog Chiara , Marín Fátima , Jones Allison , Evans Iona , Reisel Daniel , Redl Elisa , Schreiberhuber Lena , Paytubi Sonia , Pelegrina Beatriz , Carmona Álvaro , Peremiquel-Trillas Paula , Frias-Gomez Jon , Pineda Marta , Brunet Joan , Ponce Jordi , Matias-Guiu Xavier , de Sanjosé Silvia , Alemany Laia , Olaitan Adeola , Wong Michael , Jurkovic Davor , Crosbie Emma J. , Rosenthal Adam N. , Bjørge Line , Zikan Michal , Dostalek Lukas , Cibula David , Sundström Karin , Dillner Joakim , Costas Laura , Widschwendter Martin 
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence has been rising over the past 10 years. Delays in diagnosis reduce survival and necessitate more aggressive treatment. We aimed to develop and validate a simple, noninvasive, and reliable triage test for EC to reduce the number of invasive diagnostic procedures and improve patient survival. METHODS We developed a test to screen and triage women with suspected EC using 726 cervical smear samples from women with and without EC, and validated the test in 562 cervicovaginal samples using three different collection methods (cervical smear: n = 248; vaginal swab: n = 63; and self-collection: n = 251) and four different settings (case/control: n = 388; cohort of women presenting with postmenopausal bleeding: n = 63; a cohort of high-risk women with Lynch syndrome: n = 25; and a nested case/control setting from a screening cohort and samples taken up to 3 years before EC diagnosis: n = 86). RESULTS We describe the Women's cancer risk IDentification – quantitative polymerase chain reaction test for Endometrial Cancer (WID-qEC), a three-marker test that evaluates DNA methylation in gene regions of GYPC and ZSCAN12. In cervical, self-collected, and vaginal swab samples derived from symptomatic patients, it detected EC with sensitivities of 97.2% (95% CI, 90.2 to 99.7), 90.1% (83.6 to 94.6), and 100% (63.1 to 100), respectively, and specificities of 75.8% (63.6 to 85.5), 86.7% (79.3 to 92.2), and 89.1% (77.8 to 95.9), respectively. The WID-qEC identified 90.9% (95% CI, 70.8 to 98.9) of EC cases in samples predating diagnosis up to 1 year. Test performance was similar across menopausal status, age, stage, grade, ethnicity, and histology. CONCLUSION The WID-qEC is a noninvasive reliable test for triage of women with symptoms suggestive of ECs. Because of the potential for self-collection, it could improve early diagnosis and reduce the reliance for in-person visits.
Long-Term Outcomes and Genetic Predictors of Response to Metastasis-Directed Therapy Versus Observation in Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: Analysis of STOMP and ORIOLE Trials
Authors: Deek Matthew P. , Van der Eecken Kim , Sutera Philip , Deek Rebecca A. , Fonteyne Valérie , Mendes Adrianna A. , Decaestecker Karel , Kiess Ana Ponce , Lumen Nicolaas , Phillips Ryan , De Bruycker Aurélie , Mishra Mark , Rana Zaker , Molitoris Jason , Lambert Bieke , Delrue Louke , Wang Hailun , Lowe Kathryn , Verbeke Sofie , Van Dorpe Jo , Bultijnck Renée , Villeirs Geert , De Man Kathia , Ameye Filip , Song Daniel Y. , DeWeese Theodore , Paller Channing J. , Feng Felix Y. , Wyatt Alexander , Pienta Kenneth J. , Diehn Maximillian , Bentzen Soren M. , Joniau Steven , Vanhaverbeke Friedl , De Meerleer Gert , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Lotan Tamara L. , Berlin Alejandro , Siva Shankar , Ost Piet , Tran Phuoc T. 
Published: August 2022

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co‐primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. The initial STOMP and ORIOLE trial reports suggested that metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) in oligometastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (omCSPC) was associated with improved treatment outcomes. Here, we present long-term outcomes of MDT in omCSPC by pooling STOMP and ORIOLE and assess the ability of a high-risk mutational signature to risk stratify outcomes after MDT. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. High-risk mutations were defined as pathogenic somatic mutations within ATM, BRCA1/ 2, Rb1, or TP53. The median follow-up for the whole group was 52.5 months. Median PFS was prolonged with MDT compared with observation (pooled hazard ratio [HR], 0.44; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.66; P value < .001), with the largest benefit of MDT in patients with a high-risk mutation (HR high-risk, 0.05; HR no high-risk, 0.42; P value for interaction: .12). Within the MDT cohort, the PFS was 13.4 months in those without a high-risk mutation, compared with 7.5 months in those with a high-risk mutation (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.25 to 1.11; P = .09). Long-term outcomes from the only two randomized trials in omCSPC suggest a sustained clinical benefit to MDT over observation. A high-risk mutational signature may help risk stratify treatment outcomes after MDT.
Matched Comparison of Hearing Outcomes in Patients With Vestibular Schwannoma Treated With Stereotactic Radiosurgery or Observation
Authors: Schnurman Zane , Gurewitz Jason , Smouha Eric , McMenomey Sean O. , Roland J. Thomas , Golfinos John G. , Kondziolka Douglas 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:Previous studies comparing hearing outcomes in patients managed with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and a watch-and-wait strategy were limited by small sample sizes that prevented controlling for potential confounders, including initial hearing status, tumor size, and age.OBJECTIVE:To compare hearing outcomes for patients with vestibular schwannomas (VS) managed with observation and SRS while controlling for confounders with propensity score matching.METHODS:Propensity score matching was used to compare 198 patients with unilateral VS with initial serviceable hearing (99 treated with SRS and 99 managed with observation alone) and 116 with initial class A hearing (58 managed with SRS and 58 with observation), matched by initial hearing status, tumor volume, age, and sex. Kaplan–Meier survival methods were used to compare risk of losing class A and serviceable hearing.RESULTS:Between patients with VS managed with SRS or observation alone, there was no significant difference in loss of class A hearing (median time 27.2 months, 95% CI 16.8-43.4, and 29.2 months, 95% CI 20.4-62.5,P= .88) or serviceable hearing (median time 37.7 months, 95% CI 25.7-58.4, and 48.8 months, 95% CI 38.4-86.3,P= .18). For SRS patients, increasing mean cochlear dose was not related to loss of class A hearing (hazard ratio 1.3,P= .17) but was associated with increasing risk of serviceable hearing loss (hazard ratio of 1.5 per increase in Gy,P= .017).CONCLUSION:When controlling for potential confounders, there was no significant difference in loss of class A or serviceable hearing between patients managed with SRS or with observation alone.
Molecular and cellular architecture of the larval sensory organ in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis
Authors: Gilbert Eleanor , Teeling Callum , Lebedeva Tatiana , Pedersen Siffreya , Chrismas Nathan , Genikhovich Grigory , Modepalli Vengamanaidu 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Cnidarians are the only non-bilaterian group to evolve ciliated larvae with an apical sensory organ, which is possibly homologous to the apical organs of bilaterian primary larvae. Here, we generated transcriptomes of the apical tissue in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis and showed that it has a unique neuronal signature. By integrating previously published larval single-cell data with our apical transcriptomes, we discovered that the apical domain comprises a minimum of six distinct cell types. We show that the apical organ is compartmentalised into apical tuft cells (spot) and larval-specific neurons (ring). Finally, we identify ISX-like (NVE14554), a PRD class homeobox gene specifically expressed in apical tuft cells, as an FGF signalling-dependent transcription factor responsible for the formation of the apical tuft domain via repression of the neural ring fate in apical cells. With this study, we contribute a comparison of the molecular anatomy of apical organs, which must be carried out across phyla to determine whether this crucial larval structure evolved once or multiple times.
Fast-growing growth hormone transgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) show a lower incidence of vaterite deposition and malformations in sagittal otoliths
Authors: Chalan Irvin , Solsona Laia , Coll-Lladó Clara , Webb Paul B. , Sakhrani Dionne , Devlin Robert H. , Garcia de la serrana Daniel 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
In fish otoliths, CaCO3 normally precipitates as aragonite, and more rarely as vaterite or calcite. A higher incidence of vaterite deposition in otoliths from aquaculture-reared fish has been reported and it is thought that high growth rates under farming conditions might promote its deposition. To test this hypothesis, otoliths from growth hormone (GH) transgenic coho salmon and non-transgenic fish of matching size were compared. Once morphometric parameters were normalized by animal length, we found that transgenic fish otoliths were smaller (−24%, −19%, −20% and −30% for length, width, perimeter and area, respectively; P&lt;0.001) and rounder (−12%, +13.5%, +15% and −15.5% in circularity, form factor, roundness and ellipticity; P&lt;0.001) than otoliths from non-transgenic fish of matching size. Interestingly, transgenic fish had smaller eyes (−30% eye diameter) and showed a strong correlation between eye and otolith size. We also found that the percentage of otoliths showing vaterite deposition was significantly smaller in transgenic fish (21–28%) than in non-transgenic fish (69%; P&lt;0.001). Likewise, the area affected by vaterite deposition within individual otoliths was reduced in transgenic fish (21–26%) compared with non-transgenic fish (42.5%; P&lt;0.001). Our results suggest that high growth rates per se are not sufficient to cause vaterite deposition in all cases, and that GH overexpression might have a protective role against vaterite deposition, a hypothesis that needs further investigation.
Shear wave elastography as a supplemental tool in the assessment of unsuspicious axillary lymph nodes in patients undergoing breast ultrasound examination
Authors: Togawa Riku , Binder Leah-Larissa , Feisst Manuel , Barr Richard G. , Fastner Sarah , Gomez Christina , Hennigs André , Nees Juliane , Pfob André , Schäfgen Benedikt , Stieber Anne , Riedel Fabian , Heil Jörg , Golatta Michael 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To define reference values for shear wave elastography (SWE) in unsuspicious axillary lymph nodes in patients undergoing breast ultrasound examination. Methods: In total, 177 clinically and sonographically unsuspicious axillary lymph nodes were prospectively evaluated with SWE using Virtual Touch Tissue Imaging Quantification (VTIQ) in 175 women. Mean values of tissue stiffness for axillary fatty tissue, lymph node cortex, and lymph node hilus were measured. Additionally, test-retest reliability of SWE in the assessment of axillary lymph node stiffness was evaluated by repeating each measurement three times. Results: In 177 axillary lymph nodes, the mean stiffness of lymph node cortex, hilus, and surrounding fatty tissue as quantified by SWE was 1.90 m/s (SD: 0.34 m/s), 2.02 m/s (SD: 0.37 m/s), and 1.75 m/s (SD: 0.38 m/s), respectively. The mean stiffness of cortex and hilus was significantly higher compared to fatty tissue (p < 0.0001). SWE demonstrated good test–retest reliability in the assessment of stiffness of the lymph node hilus, cortex, and the surrounding fatty tissue with an intraclass correlation of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.75; 0.83), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70; 0.79), and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.74; 0.82), respectively, (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Reference values for SWE in unsuspicious axillary lymph nodes are determined. These results may help to better identify axillary lymph node metastasis for breast cancer patients when combined with other lymph node features. SWE is a reliable method for the objective quantification of tissue stiffness of axillary lymph nodes. Advances in knowledge: This study presents physiological reference values for tissue stiffness by examining the axillary lymph nodes with SWE in 175 women with sonomorphologically unsuspicious lymph nodes.
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring using telemedicine: proof-of-concept cohort and failure modes and effects analyses
Authors: Armitage Laura C. , Lawson Beth K. , Roman Cristian , Thompson Beth , Biggs Christopher , Rutter Heather , Lewis-Jones Martin , Ede Jody , Tarassenko Lionel , Farmer Andrew , Watkinson Peter 
Published: August 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated adoption of remote consulting in healthcare. Despite opportunities posed by telemedicine, most hypertension services in Europe have suspended ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Methods: We examined the process and performance of remotely delivered ABPM using two methodologies: firstly, a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and secondly, a quantitative analysis comparing ABPM data from a subgroup of 65 participants of the Screening for Hypertension in the INpatient Environment (SHINE) diagnostic accuracy study. The FMEA was performed over seven sessions from February to March 2021, with a multidisciplinary team comprising a patient representative, a research coordinator with technical expertise and four research clinicians. Results: The FMEA identified a single high-risk step in the remote ABPM process. This was cleaning of monitoring equipment in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, unrelated to the remote setting. A total of 14 participants were scheduled for face-to-face ABPM appointments, before the UK March 2020 COVID-19 lockdown; 62 were scheduled for remote ABPM appointments since emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic between November 2020 and August 2021. A total of 65 (88%) participants completed ABPMs; all obtained sufficient successful measurements for interpretation. For the 10 participants who completed face-to-face ABPM, there were 402 attempted ABPM measurements and 361 (89%) were successful. For the 55 participants who completed remote ABPM, there were 2516 attempted measurements and 2214 (88%) were successful. There was no significant difference in the mean per-participant error rate between face-to-face (0.100, SD 0.009) and remote (0.143, SD 0.132) cohorts (95% CI for the difference -0.125 to 0.045 and two-tailed P-value 0.353). Conclusions: We have demonstrated that ABPM can be safely and appropriately provided in the community remotely and without face-to-face contact, using video technology for remote fitting appointments, alongside courier services for delivery of equipment to participants.
Dynamic Interday and Intraday Scheduling
Authors: Zacharias Christos , Liu Nan , Begen Mehmet A. 
Published: August 2022

Adaptive Patient Flow Management Appointment scheduling has significant clinical, operational, and economical impact on healthcare systems. An informed scheduling strategy that can effectively match patient demand and service capacity dynamically is vital for the business of medical providers, quality of care, and patient satisfaction. By regulating patient flow via an appointment system, healthcare providers can mitigate arrival process variability and improve operational performance. The simultaneous consideration of appointment day (interday scheduling) and time of day (intraday scheduling) in dynamic scheduling decisions is an important theoretical and practical problem that has remained open because of its stochastic nature, complex structure, and large dimensionality. Zacharias et al. (2022) fill this critical gap in the literature. They introduce a novel dynamic programming framework, designed with the intention of bridging two independently established streams of literature, and to leverage their latest advances in tackling the joint problem. They advance the theory of the field to provide a rigorous and practically implantable solution.