bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of homodigital neurovascular island flap reconstruction of fingertip injuries in children
Authors: Yildirim Tugrul , Gunturk Ozgun Baris , Erol Kubilay , Toros Tulgar 
Published: July 2022

We evaluated the long-term functional and cosmetic results of homodigital neurovascular island flap (NIF) used to reconstruct extensive pulp defects with bone exposure in children. Twenty-three children (mean age 4.8 years, range 1–10 years) with fingertip injuries were reconstructed with a pedicled homodigital NIF and evaluated in terms of sensation quality, cold intolerance, scar formation, nail deformity, range of motion and overall finger length at a mean follow up of 7.8 years (range 2–13). Eleven patients reported cold sensitivity in the operated fingertip, and 15 presented with hook nail deformities at the final follow-up. The total active motion of the injured finger was significantly lower than that of the uninjured side ( p < 0.001). NIFs is a safe, reliable reconstructive treatment for fingertip loss in children, but commonly encountered issues in the long term include an extension lag of the interphalangeal joints, hook nail deformities and cold intolerance.     Level of evidence: IV
Remission of a Primary, Recurrent Thoracic Ewing Sarcoma in a 74-year-old woman
Authors: Tungate Robert M. , Lara Kristi , Patel Dakshesh , Fedenko Alexander , Hu James 
Published: July 2022

Ewing sarcoma is a primitive neuroectodermal tumor which seldom presents with primary disease in people over age 40 and outside of the appendicular or axial skeleton. We examine a case of primary thoracic Ewing Sarcoma diagnosed initially by CT-guided biopsy in a woman at the age of 74 years. The disease progressed after initial combined modality therapy consisting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical resection, and adjuvant radiation therapy and two additional courses of multiagent chemotherapy. After relapse of her disease, subsequent second- and third-line systemic agents which included chemotherapy and targeted agents were given with disease stabilization achieved now over 30 months from initial diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary pulmonary Ewing sarcoma diagnosed in a patient greater than 70 years of age in whom multiple remissions have been achieved with tolerable toxicities.
There's an app for that, but nobody's using it: Insights on improving patient access and adherence to digital therapeutics in Germany
Authors: Dahlhausen Florian , Zinner Maximillian , Bieske Linn , Ehlers Jan P , Boehme Philip , Fehring Leonard 
Published: July 2022

Background Mobile health applications and their subset digital therapeutics—defined as evidence-based software interventions to prevent, manage, or treat a medical condition—offer great potential to improve patient care. However, such solutions often struggle to reach widespread adoption. Objective This study seeks to explore healthcare stakeholders’ roles and potential for fostering patient access and adherence to evidence-based digital therapeutics and thereby improve health outcomes from the perspective of digital therapeutics developers and distributors. Methods Semi-structured qualitative and semiquantitative interviews were conducted with 19 experts from developers and distributors of digital therapeutics in Germany to discuss their perceived relevance of different healthcare stakeholders and strategies in promoting patient access and adherence to digital therapeutics. Results Healthcare professionals were found to have the greatest potential to promote both access and patient adherence to digital therapeutics, followed by health insurers, pharmaceutical companies, and patients themselves. In terms of patient access, healthcare professionals have potential due to their ability to prescribe digital therapeutics. Other stakeholders’ potential stems from their capacity to influence healthcare professionals prescription decision. In terms of patient adherence, only healthcare professionals are of high relevance by onboarding patients and monitoring digital therapeutics use. Most healthcare stakeholders currently do not fully leverage their potential. Further educating healthcare professionals and simplifying processes for them, empowering patients to seek treatment with digital therapeutics, and designing digital therapeutics’ product features for better adherence can help improve patient access and adherence. Conclusions Established healthcare stakeholders and digital therapeutics developers both need to take action to improve patient access and adherence to digital therapeutics. Several macro-level changes can support these efforts, including broader information dissemination, improved financial incentives, simplified prescription and activation processes, and a wider adoption of blended care and pay-for-performance payment models.
Effect of layups on the mechanical properties of overlaid laminated bamboo lumber made of radial bamboo slices
Authors: Guan Xin , Yin Haining , Lin Che , Zhan Weihui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRadial bamboo strips are being widely used for structural applications due to the higher yield and high strength. However, there was a sharp taper at the top of bamboo which made nodal diaphragm removed incompletely during the process of stripping. The residual bump could bring about poor bonding strength between adjacent radial bamboo strips. In addition, the traditional radial bamboo strips should be weaved before the next step of processing, which caused a lot of material wastes and consumed a lot of labor and time. In order to address these problems, a novel lumber product made of laminated radial bamboo slices was developed by the proper arrangement of core layer and surface layer. The major and minor directions of a panel were defined as the parallel- and perpendicular-to-its arrangement ones in the core layer, respectively. It was found that (1) the layups with double-layer bamboo mats and radial bamboo slices could produce better mechanical properties. The effective modulus of elasticity in major and minor direction was about 7032.5 MPa and 5016.0 MPa, respectively. The effective modulus of rupture in major and minor direction was about 81.0 MPa and 43.6 MPa, respectively; (2) the density distribution tended to be uniform, with a density of about 0.7 g/cm3 that was lower than other similar bamboo-based materials (about 1.0 g/cm3); and (3) the failures occurred in bamboo slices rather than along the bond lines, suggesting good bond quality achieved in this study.
Comparative analysis of detection techniques for glyphosate in urine and in water
Authors: Vélot Christian , Poitou Frédéric , de Vendômois Joël Spiroux 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Glyphosate is the declared active component of the most extensively used herbicides in the world, and is therefore widely present in the environment. Glyphosate urinary levels represent a relevant biomarker for each individual’s exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides. However, GLY urine level measurement is controversial because different detection methods have led to contradictory results, especially in the cases of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) versus liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS–MS) for urine, and ELISA versus high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detection (HPLC/Fluo) for water.

Methods
We compared the ELISA method to the LC/MS–MS or HPLC/Fluo one by submitting to two laboratories (Biocheck, Germany and Labocéa, France, respectively) identical urine and water samples, spiked or not with precise concentrations of glyphosate, but also with two chemically similar molecules: glycine and aminomethylphosphonic acid, GLY’s analogue and primary metabolite, respectively.

Results
Both laboratories claimed similar glyphosate quantification threshold (LOQ): 0.08 and 0.05 ng/mL, respectively. Each one of the tested methods proved to be specific for glyphosate and therefore did not result in any cross-detection with glycine and aminomethylphosphonic acid. However, these methods showed differences both in reproducibility and reliability depending on the matrix used (water or urine).

Conclusion
While the ELISA method gave less accurate results than the HPLC/Fluo technique when applied to water samples, the glyphosate concentrations measured in urine were much more reliable and reproducible with the ELISA technology than those obtained with the LC/MS–MS one.
Effect of pedo-climatic conditions on physicochemical characteristics and agro-industrial potential of three native oilseeds fruits from Burkina Faso
Authors: Sama Hemayoro , Traoré Dieudonné Kimbié , Guenné Samson , Hilou Adama , Dicko Mamoudou H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Plants are greatly affected by pedoclimatic conditions. They can alter the physiology of plants and affect seeds agro-morphological and physicochemical characteristics. It is therefore conceivable that tree species which have a potential as oil/fat producing plants are affected by pedoclimatic conditions variability. This study aims to evaluate the effect of pedoclimatic conditions variation on the physicochemical characteristics and the agro-industrial potential of three oilseeds fruits from Burkina Faso: Balanites aegyptiaca, Sclerocarya birrea and Lannea microcarpa.

Results
A characterization of the size, chemical composition and weight of 100 seeds of the three native oilseeds from Banfora (Sudanian zone), Ouagadougou (Sudano-Sahelian zone) and Ouahigouya (Sahelian zone) was carried out. Results showed that seed size, seed weight and chemical composition varied significantly according to the pedoclimatic zone of the collection significant correlations between seed size, 100-seed weight, total ash and also for seed oil content and moisture have also been revealed. Principal component analysis (PCA) associated increases in seed size and total ash content with high annual rainfall and low temperature areas, while increases in seed oil content were associated with low rainfall and high annual temperature areas.

Conclusion
Seed size and seed weight were associated with high rainfall and low temperature, while high temperature and low rainfall were associated with oil accumulation in the seeds. However, the limit number of replications of physicochemical characteristics analyses, a limitation of the study, does not allow an exhaustive conclusion to be drawn from the study.
Economic evaluations of radioembolization with Itrium-90 microspheres in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review
Authors: Alonso J. C. , Casans I. , González F. M. , Fuster D. , Rodríguez A. , Sánchez N. , Oyagüez I. , Burgos R. , Williams A. O. , Espinoza N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with yttrium-90 microspheres is a clinically effective therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. This study aimed to perform a systematic review of the available economic evaluations of TARE for the treatment of HCC.

Methods
The Preferred Reported Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was followed by applying a search strategy across six databases. All studies identified as economic evaluations with TARE for HCC treatment in English or Spanish language were considered. Costs were adjusted using the 2020 US dollars based on purchasing-power-parity ($US PPP).

Results
Among 423 records screened, 20 studies (6 cost-analyses, 3 budget-impact-analyses, 2 cost-effectiveness-analyses, 8 cost-utility-analyses, and 1 cost-minimization analysis) met the pre-defined criteria for inclusion. Thirteen studies were published from the European perspective, six from the United States, and one from the Canadian perspectives. The assessed populations included early- (n = 4), and intermediate-advanced-stages patients (n = 15). Included studies were evaluated from a payer perspective (n = 20) and included both payer and social perspective (n = 2). TARE was compared with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in nine studies or sorafenib (n = 11). The life-years gained (LYG) differed by comparator: TARE versus TACE (range: 1.3 to 3.1), and TARE versus sorafenib (range: 1.1 to 2.53). Of the 20 studies, TARE was associated with lower treatment costs in ten studies. The cost of TARE treatment varied widely according to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system and ranged from 1311 $US PPP/month (BCLC-A) to 71,890 $US PPP/5-years time horizon (BCLC-C). The incremental cost-utility ratio for TARE versus TACE resulted in a 17,397 $US PPP/Quality-adjusted-Life-Years (QALY), and for TARE versus sorafenib ranged from dominant (more effectiveness and lower cost) to 3363 $US PPP/QALY.

Conclusions
Economic evaluations of TARE for HCC treatment are heterogeneous. Overall, TARE is a cost-effective short- and long-term therapy for the treatment of intermediate-advanced HCC.
Short-term effects of ambient temperature on the risk of preeclampsia in Nanjing, China: a time-series analysis
Authors: Zhao Tingting , Long Wei , Lu Peng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Previous studies on the association between temperature and preeclampsia mainly considered temperature on a monthly or seasonal time scale. The objective of this study was to assess the preeclampsia risk associated with short-term temperature exposure using daily data.

Study design
Daily preeclampsia hospitalization data, daily meteorological data and daily air pollutant data from Nanjing were collected from 2016 to 2017. Both the T test and distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) were applied to assess the short-term effect of temperature on preeclampsia risk. Three kinds of daily temperature, including the daily mean temperature, daily minimum temperature and daily maximum temperature, were analysed.

Results
When the daily number of preeclampsia hospital admissions was divided into two subgroups based on temperature, it was significantly larger on cold days than on hot days. Regarding the mean temperature, a very low level of mean temperature (4.5 °C, lag = 0–20) and a low level of mean temperature (9.1 °C, lag = 0–20) increased the cumulative relative risk of preeclampsia by more than 60%. At the same time, a very high level of mean temperature (28.7 °C, lags = 0–10, 0–15, 0–20) and a high level of mean temperature (24.1 °C, lags = 0–10, 0–15) decreased the cumulative relative risk of preeclampsia by more than 35%. At a minimum temperature, a very low level of minimum temperature (0.9 °C, lag 0–5) and a low level of minimum temperature (5.6 °C, lag 0–5) increased the cumulative relative risk of preeclampsia by more than 55%. At the same time, a high level of mean temperature (20.9 °C, lags = 0, 0–5) decreased the cumulative relative risk of preeclampsia by more than 20%. The maximum temperature result was similar to the mean temperature result.

Conclusions
Both direct and lag effects of low temperature on preeclampsia were demonstrated to be significant risk factors. These results could be used to help pregnant women and the government reduce preeclampsia risk.
Health resource utilization and cost before versus after initiation of second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics among adults with schizophrenia in Alberta, Canada: a retrospective, observational single-arm study
Authors: Wong Kai On , Klarenbach Scott W. , Martins Karen J. B. , Chue Pierre , Dursun Serdar M. , Snaterse Mark , Guigue Alexis , So Helen , Luu Huong , Vu Khanh , Richer Lawrence 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics, along with community treatment orders (CTOs), are used to improve treatment effectiveness through adherence among individuals with schizophrenia. Understanding real-world medication adherence, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs in individuals with schizophrenia overall and by CTO status before and after second generation antipsychotic (SGA)-LAI initiation may guide strategies to optimize treatment among those with schizophrenia.

Methods
This retrospective observational single-arm study utilized administrative health data from Alberta, Canada. Adults (≥ 18 years) with schizophrenia who initiated a SGA-LAI (no use in the previous 2-years) between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2016, and had ≥ 1 additional dispensation of a SGA-LAI were included; index date was the date of SGA-LAI initiation. Medication possession ratio (MPR) was determined, and paired t-tests were used to examine mean differences in all-cause and mental health-related HRU and costs (Canadian dollars), comprised of hospitalizations, physician visits, emergency department visits, and total visits, over the 2-year post-index and 2-year pre-index periods. Analyses were stratified by presence or absence of an active CTO during the pre-index and/or post-index periods.

Results
Among 1,211 adults with schizophrenia who initiated SGA-LAIs, 64% were males with a mean age of 38 (standard deviation [SD] 14) years. The mean overall antipsychotic MPR was 0.39 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36, 0.41) greater during the 2-year post-index period (0.84 [SD 0.26]) compared with the 2-year pre-index period (0.45 [SD 0.40]). All-cause and mental health-related HRU and costs were lower post-index versus pre-index (p < 0.001) for hospitalizations, physician visits, emergency department visits, and total visits; mean total all-cause HRU costs were $33,788 (95% CI -$38,993, -$28,583) lower post- versus pre-index ($40,343 [SD $68,887] versus $74,131 [SD $75,941]), and total mental health-related HRU costs were $34,198 (95%CI -$39,098, -$29,297) lower post- versus pre-index ($34,205 [SD $63,428] versus $68,403 [SD $72,088]) per-patient. Forty-three percent had ≥ 1 active CTO during the study period; HRU and costs varied according to CTO status.

Conclusions
SGA-LAIs are associated with greater medication adherence, and lower HRU and costs however the latter vary according to CTO status.
Influence of clinical factors on the protective or deleterious impact of genetic variants in orthodontically induced external root resorption: an observational study
Authors: Silva Henriqueta Coimbra , Lavado Nuno , Canova Filomena , Lopez Miguel Guevara , Regateiro Fernando J. , Pereira Sónia A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Prediction of susceptibility to Orthodontically Induced External Apical Root Resorption (OIEARR) has been hampered by the complex architecture of this multifactorial phenotype. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the interaction of multiple variables in the susceptibility to OIEARR.

Methods
The study evaluated 195 patients requiring orthodontic treatment. Nine clinical and treatment variables, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from five genes and variables interactions were analyzed as risk factors for OIEARR using a multiple linear regression model.

Results
The model explained 29% of OIEARR variability (ANOVA: p < 0.01). Duration of treatment was the most important predictor and gender was the second, closely followed by premolar extraction. For genes encoding osteoprotegerin (OPG), the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B (RANK) and the IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN), the effect of analyzed variants changed from protective to deleterious depending on the duration of treatment and the age of the patient.

Conclusions
This work shows that in OIEARR the impact of genetic susceptibility factors is dynamic changing according to clinical variables.
Cytotoxicity, acute and sub-chronic toxicities of the fruit extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumm. & Thonn.) Taub. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Bonsou Idrios N. , Mbaveng Armelle T. , Nguenang Gaëlle S. , Chi Godloves F. , Kuete Victor , Efferth Thomas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Tetrapleura tetraptera is a medicinal spice traditionally used to treat cancer, diabetes, and several other ailments. This study analyzed the cytotoxicity of the dichloromethane methanol extract of T. tetraptera fruits (TTF) and its constituents. The toxicity profile of the TTF extract was also evaluated in rats.

Methods
The Cytotoxicity of this extract was evaluated using the resazurin reduction assay (RRA). Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies were performed according to the protocol described by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation, and Development (OECD). Hematological, serum, and urine biochemical parameters, as well as histological sections of the liver and kidney, were also evaluated based on standard methods.

Results
The TTF extract, compound 5, and the reference drug doxorubicin were active in all 9 tested cancer cell lines. The recorded IC50 ranged from 18.32 μM (against B16-F1 murine melanoma cells) to 36.18 μM (against SKMel-505 BRAF wildtype melanoma cells) for TTF, from 10.02 μM (towards MaMel-80a BRAF-V600E homozygous mutant melanoma cells) to 31.73 μM (against SKMel-28 BRAF-V600E homozygous mutant melanoma cells) for compound 5, and from 0.22 μM (against B16-F1 cells) to 9.39 μM (against SKMel-505 cells) for doxorubicin. The study of acute toxicity test showed that the lethal dose (LD50) of this extract was greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. In the sub-chronic toxicity studies, variations were observed in some biochemical parameters, especially at higher doses.

Conclusion
TTF and its most active compound (5) are found to be potential cytotoxic agents, meanwhile, TTF was safe when given a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg. However, caution is necessary in case of prolonged oral administration due to potential alterations of renal function at high doses (> 1000 mg/kg).
A qualitative exploration of cultural safety in nursing from the perspectives of Advanced Practice Nurses: meaning, barriers, and prospects
Authors: Pirhofer Jacqueline , Bükki Johannes , Vaismoradi Mojtaba , Glarcher Manela , Paal Piret 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Cultural safety requires healthcare professionals and organisations to improve healthcare, facilitate patient access to healthcare, and achieve equity within the workforce.

Methods
This ethnomethodological study, which consisted of two phases, explored the concept of cultural safety from the perspective of Advanced Practice Nurses. Semi-structured interviews and the nominal group technique were used to prioritise challenges related to cultural safety, identify barriers to clinical practise and assess educational needs. The data collected was subjected to thematic analysis.

Results
Nurses working in Austria, Germany and Switzerland were recruited (N = 29). Accordingly, the phenomenon of cultural safety in health care is not generally known and there is little prior knowledge about it. The most frequently discussed themes were communication difficulties, lack of knowledge, the treatment of people with insufficient language skills and expectations of treatment goals and outcomes, which can lead to conflicts and accusations of unequal treatment due to diverse cultural backgrounds.

Conclusion
Diverse cultures are encountered in German-speaking healthcare settings. Cultural safety is also about healthcare staff, as nurses with different socialisations encounter prejudice, discrimination and racism. Although the issue of power was not discussed, academic nurses were willing to make an effort to change. Only a minority were aware that lasting change requires challenging one’s own cultural structures and adapted behaviours, rather than pushing for the mere acquisition of cultural competence. Organisations were encouraged to introduce self-reflection sessions and provide better access to translation services to improve equity and support nurses.