bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morfo-Anatomia do Fruto, da Semente e Plântula de Abrus precatorius L. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Alves de Souza Paulo Adller , De Araújo Santana Glenda Kely , Maranhão Façanha Wandson , Nazario dos Santos Yohav Yashin , Marques da Silva e Silva Breno 
Published: January 2022

Abrus precatarius L., conhecida popularmente por “tento”, pertencente à família Fabaceae, possui sementes ornamentais amplamente usadas na confecção de biojóias. Para a identificação e avaliação em tecnologia de sementes, as informações sobre a morfologia de frutos, sementes e plântulas são escassas para esta espécie. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever morfo-anatomicamente o fruto, a semente e a plântula de A. precatorius. Para a descrição morfo-anatômica, os frutos, as sementes e as plântulas foram avaliados por meio de microscopia estereoscópica e eletrônica de varredura. Segundo as análises, as maiores frequências para o comprimento, largura, espessura, peso e número de sementes/fruto em A. precatorius. foram entre 1,68 a 2,15cm, 0,71 a 1,30cm, 0,38 a 0,76cm, 0,085 a 0,106g e 3 a 5 sementes/fruto, respectivamente. O fruto de A. precatorius é do tipo legume, seco, deiscente (valvas contorcidas), constricto, pseudo-septado, achatado dorso-ventralmente e oblongo-elíptico,com base obtusa e ápice cuspidado e com placentação lateral ou pariental. As sementes são exalbuminosas, estenospérmicas, subglobosas, bicolores. As plântulas possuem folhas compostas, alternas, e a germinação é epigea-fanerocotiledonar. Neste estudo, foi possível descrever detalhes dos frutos, sementes e plântulas de A. precatorius que irão compor dados sobre a ecologia e sistemática vegetal da espécie.

Palavras-chave: Morfologia. Desenvolvimento Pós-Seminal. Germinação. Fabaceae.

Abstract
Abrus precatorius L., known as tento, belongs to the family Fabaceae, possess seeds used to make handicrafts. For the forest identification and seeds technology, the information on the biology and therefore for the production of his fruits, seeds and seedlings are incipient. Thus, the aim of this study was the morpho-anatomical description of fruits, seeds and seedling of A. precatorius. For the morpho-anatomical description, the evaluations were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. According to the analyzes, the highest frequenciesforlength, width, thickness, weight and number of seedsA. precatorius. fruit were between 1,68 a 2,15cm, 0,71 a 1,30cm, 0,38 a 0,76cm, 0,085 a 0,106g e 3 a 5 seeds/fruit, respectively. The fruit is dehiscent legume, constrict, pseudo-septate, flattened dorsoventrally, oblong-ellipticall, with cuspidate base and apex, and lateral placentation. The seeds are exalbuminous, setenospermic, subglobous and bicolours. The seedlings have compound leaves, and their germination is phanero-epigeal.In this study, it was possible to describe details of the fruits, seeds and seedlings of A. precatorius that will compose data on the ecology and plant systematics of the species.

Keywords: Morphology. Post-Seminal Development. Germination. Fabaceae.
Cloroquina e Hidroxicloroquina: Seus Efeitos no Tratamento da COVID-19
Authors: Fiorotto de Mattos Arthur 
Published: January 2022

O Mundo enfrenta, atualmente, uma Pandemia causada por um novo vírus de RNA envelopado, pertencente à família Coronaviridae. A cloroquina e a hidroxicloroquina, que são amplamente utilizadas para tratar malária e doenças reumáticas, foram relacionadas com a COVID-19, supondo-se que esses fármacos, em função de sua atividade anti-inflamatória e anti-viral, pudessem ter alguma efetividade contra o vírus causador da COVID-19, chamado de SARS-CoV 2. Objetiva-se encontrar um consenso sobre a real eficácia da cloroquina e da hidroxicloroquina no combate à COVID-19, ajudando a dar um fim nessa polêmica. Este artigo foi elaborado a partir de uma revisão da literatura utilizando as bases de dados da revista Nature, The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), e as bases de dados Scielo e PubMed. As palavras-chave utilizadas foram “chloroquine”, “hydroxychloroquine” e “COVID-19”. Foram encontrados, somando-se todas as bases de dados, 461 artigos. Os títulos dos 461 artigos foram lidos e, entre esses, 103 se encaixavam no tema proposto. Os resumos dos 103 artigos foram analisados, selecionando 26 que abordavam diretamente o tema e que foram utilizados para elaborar o presente artigo. O uso da cloroquina e da hidroxicloroquina não foi relacionado com qualquer tipo de melhora nos casos de COVID-19. Portanto, não existem motivos para recomendar o uso desses medicamentos fora de estudos clínicos no contexto da Pandemia causada pelo SARS-CoV 2.

Palavras-chave: Cloroquina. Hidroxicloroquina. COVID-19. Eficácia.

Abstract
The world is currently facing a pandemic caused by a new enveloped RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, which are widely used to treat malaria and rheumatic diseases, have been associated with COVID-19, supposing that these drugs, due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-viral activity, may have some effectiveness against the virus that causes COVID-19, called SARS-CoV 2. The objective is to find a consensus on the real efficacy of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against COVID-19 and put an end in this controversy. This article was prepared based on a literature review that used as a database the journals Nature, The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), Scielo and PubMed. The keywords used were "chloroquine", "hydroxychloroquine" and "COVID-19". 461 articles were found, adding all the selected databases. The title of the 461 articles was read and, among them, 103 fit the proposed theme. The summary of the 103 articles was analyzed and 26 articles, that directly addresses the topic, were used to write this article. The use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine was not related to a better outcome of COVID-19 cases. Therefore, there is no reason to recommend the use of these drugs out of clinical trials in the SARS-CoV 2 pandemic context.

Keywords: Chloroquine. Hydroxychloroquine. COVID-19. Efficacy.
Morphometry and Reproductive Seasonality of the Exotic Species of Prawn Macrobrachium Rosenbergii on the Mosqueiro Island Belém-PA
Authors: Cunha Gemaque Tainára , Rodrigues da Silva Sérgio , Resende de Oliveira Giovanni , Yoshiharu Ishikawa Walther , Correia Anderson , Pereira da Costa Daniel 
Published: January 2022

A Amazônia Brasileira é considerada um dos ambientes mais ricos em diversidade biológica do planeta, abriga uma fauna diversificada que consiste não somente de espécies nativas, mas também algumas exóticas, como o camarão gigante da Malásia (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). O objetivo deste estudo foi a obtenção de informações sobre o seu desenvolvimento, período reprodutivo, fecundidade, e qual a melhor época de captura na região da Ilha do Mosqueiro, distrito de Belém-PA, Brasil. Para isto, foram realizadas coletas mensalmente a partir de março de 2013 a fevereiro de 2014, utilizando-se o apetrecho de pesca conhecida como tarrafa. 189 indivíduos foram capturados, sendo identificadas três espécies de crustáceos e duas espécies de peixes. O camarão M. rosenbergii obteve um percentual de 64% de captura (n = 121), dos quais 64 eram do sexo masculino e 57 do sexo feminino. As fêmeas ovígeras foram mais abundantes em março de 2013 e janeiro de 2014. Durante o estudo, foi visto que a pesca do camarão M. rosenbergii geralmente é feita com auxílio de tarrafa, ao contrário do que ocorre com outras espécies na região. Foi verificado que a espécie se adaptou bem à região Amazônica, com uma população bem estabelecida.

Palavras-chave: Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Amazônia. Fêmeas Ovígeras.

Abstract
The Brazilian Amazon is one of the richest environments of the planet regarding biological diversity, home to a diverse fauna consisting of not only native species, but also exotic ones, such as the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). The aim of this study was to investigate aspects on development, reproductive period, fecundity and the best fishing season of M. rosenbergii in the region of Mosqueiro Island, Belém district, Pará state, Brazil. For this study, the specimens were monthly captured from March 2013 to February 2014, using a casting net. A number of 189 animals were captured, three crustacean species and two species of fish. The M. rosenbergii account for a percentage of 64% of total capture (n = 121), 64 males and 57 females. Egg-bearing females were more commonly found from March 2013 to January 2014. During the study, it was found that fishing of the prawn M. rosenbergii is usually made with casting net, unlike other species in the region. It was also observed that the species is well adapted to the Amazon region, with an established reproductive population.

Keywords: Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Amazon. Ovigerous Females
Associação de Terapias Fisioterapêuticas e Odontológicas no Tratamento de Disfunção Temporomandibular: Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Mathyas Domingos da Silva Jadson , Manuel Borges Sousa Darllon , Maysa dos Santos Palmeira Joyce , Letícia Tibério Silva Maria , Lucilla Santos de Araújo Thayná , Josué Raposo Mariana 
Published: January 2022

O tratamento das desordens temporomandibulares necessita ser multidisciplinar por envolver um conjunto de sinais e sintomas complexos, de forma a buscar a melhora do quadro limitante e doloroso do portador. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a literatura a respeito da eficácia da integração da fisioterapia e odontologia nos tratamentos das disfunções temporomandibulares. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura na qual foram usados os descritores: “fisioterapia”, “odontologia” e “transtornos da articulação temporomandibular”, na base de dados: National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e na biblioteca Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Incluíram-se artigos publicados na íntegra entre os anos 2010 e 2020. Foram analisados 21 artigos e estes apresentaram que abordagens fisioterapêuticas como terapia manual, estabilização mandibular, acupuntura, laser de baixa potência, agulhamento a seco, TENS e manipulação cervical associadas aos tratamentos odontológicos como uso de placas oclusais e farmacoterapia são eficazes e potencializam o tratamento dessa patologia. A integração de terapias odontológicas e fisioterapêuticas potencializam o tratamento da disfunção temporomandibular. Assim, torna-se indispensável a avaliação conjunta ao indivíduo portador da patologia por essas duas especialidades.

Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia. Odontologia. Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular.

Abstract
The temporomandibular disorders treatment needs to be multidisciplinary as it involves a complex set of signs and symptoms, in order to seek improvement in the patient's limiting and painful condition. The aim of the present study was to analyze the literature regarding the effectiveness of integrating physiotherapy and dentistry in the temporomandibular disorders treatment . This is an integrative literature review using the descriptors "physiotherapy", "dentistry" and " temporomandibular joint disorders " in the National Library of Medicine database (PubMed) and in the Scientific Electronic Library Online library (SciELO). Articles published in full between the years 2010 and 2020 were included. 21 articles were analyzed and they showed that physiotherapeutic approaches such as manual therapy, mandibular stabilization, acupuncture, low-power laser, dry needling, TENS and cervical manipulation associated with dental treatments as the use of occlusal plaques and pharmacotherapy are effective and enhance the treatment of this pathology. The integration of dental and physical therapy therapies enhances the temporomandibular disorders treatment. Thus, it becomes essential to jointly assess the individual with the pathology for these two specialties.

Keywords: Physiotherapy Modalities. Dentistry. Temporomandibular Joint Disorder.
Contraceptive self-injection knowledge, attitude and practices among female students of a tertiary health institution in south west Nigeria
Authors: Idowu Ajibola , Osinusi Emmanuel , Awubite Loliya Esther , Obisesan Ismat Olanrewaju 
Published: January 2022

Background: Contraception is one of the key strategies to achieving sustainable developments but access has been low among youths in developing countries. It is thus imperative to contextually understand the uptake of one of the newly developed contraceptive methods among undergraduate Nigerian students. This study assessed knowledge, attitude and practices of students in Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso on contraceptive self-injection (DMPA-SC).Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design was employed among 167 consenting students who were recruited using stratified sampling method. Validated semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out.Results: Mean age (SD) of the respondents was 21.9±2.2. More than a quarter (32.0%) of the respondents were not aware of contraceptive self-injection. Attitude to contraceptive self-injection was positive in 91% of those who were aware of it. However, just 2.4% of the contraceptive users ever used contraceptive self-injection. Cost considerations (25%), fear of side effects (17%), feeling of being not at risk of pregnancy (33.3%) and lack of awareness (25%) were the major barriers to uptakes of contraceptive self-injection among our respondents. Almost three-quarter (71.0%) of the respondents had good knowledge of self-injection contraception. Age, (AOR=5.038, 95% CI=1.846-1.274) and attitude (AOR=3.286, 96% CI=2.253-4.794) were the determinants of good knowledge on contraceptive self-injection.Conclusions: In spite of the predominant positive attitude and good knowledge on contraceptive self-injection, uptake was low in the study population. Authors recommend increased awareness campaign regarding this method of contraception among health-related students who can be vanguards of information dissemination on the product.
Clinicians' knowledge and practices in the diagnoses and management of non-malarial fever illnesses among under 5 children in Kisii County, Kenya
Authors: Onywoki Samwel Amka , Mong’are Samuel , Obare Obwocha Evans , Gachohi John 
Published: January 2022

Background: Indiscriminate fever management using antimalarial drugs escalates patients' health risk, especially those <5 years old, with the likelihood of accelerating the emergence and spread of drug-resistant malaria parasites. We assessed clinicians' knowledge and practices in diagnosing and managing non-malarial fever illnesses among children <5 years in Kisii County, Kenya.Methods: 193 nurses and clinical officers working in selected public health facilities in Kisii County were recruited into the study. Semi-structured questionnaires and individual interviews were used in collecting data. Chi-square was used in testing associations between categorical variables.Results: 94% (n=181) of the respondents were aware of other infectious illnesses other than malaria, 71% (n=137) were aware of fever as the primary clinical sign of malaria while 61% (n=118) of the respondents were aware of non-infectious sources where fever is the leading symptom. The frequently prescribed antipyretic drugs were paracetamol and Ibuprofen. Under the hematinic and vitamins category, clinicians commonly prescribed multivitamin syrups and iron blood tonics. 91% (n=176) of the study respondents reported that they occasionally-prescribed anti-malaria drugs for malaria negative diagnostic results. Knowledge and practices in diagnosis management of non-malaria illnesses, varied significantly among clinician’s who were in the rural and urban facilities (p=0.025, OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.02-0.28). However, there was no association between level of knowledge of the enrolled nurses, registered nurse and clinical officer {(p=0.21, OR: 0.88, 95% CI: -0.32-0.07), (p=0.89, OR: 0.98, 95% CI: -0.26-0.23)}Conclusions: Clinicians in Kisii County reported prescribing anti-malarial drugs for malaria negative diagnostic results, highlighting the need for continuous field training in differentiating malarial and non-malarial fevers.
Nutritional and hematological profile of children with severe acute malnutrition rehabilitated with or without vitamin B12
Authors: Khanna Siddharth , Kumar Praveen , Sharma Sunita , Chandra Jagdish , Sinha Rajesh 
Published: January 2022

Background: Aim of the study was to study the effect of vitamin B12 supplementation in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).Methods: A total of 100 children were enrolled in the study in two different time frames. Group A consisted of 50 children with SAM enrolled from November 2016 to May 2017 and managed as per existing national protocol for facility-based SAM management while group B consisted of 50 children enrolled from June 2017 to Dec 2017 who were tested for vitamin B12 deficiency on admission and supplemented with vitamin B12 in presence of vitamin B12 deficiency hematological and anthropometric parameters of both groups were compared at 12 weeks of rehabilitation. Results: At 12±1 weeks, 38% children from group A and 24% from group B were still anemic (p=0.13). No one from either group had folic acid deficiency while deficiency of vitamin B12 was present in 14% and 6% cases in group A and group B respectively (p>0.05). Mean weight gain at 12±1 weeks, in group A and non-supplemented sub-group of group B was comparable (p>0.59). However, mean weight gain in supplemented sub-group of group B was significantly higher compared to group A (p>0.05) and non-supplemented sub-group of group B (p<0.05).Conclusions: Significant number of SAM children remain anemic when treated with current guidelines. Additional vitamin B12 supplementation in vitamin B12 deficient group showed improvement in weight gain among SAM children.
Occurrence and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the Tunisian coastal seawater
Authors: Zaafrane Sami , Maatouk Kaouthar , Alibi Sana , Ben Mansour Hedi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram-negative bacterium ubiquitous in seawater or estuarine water throughout the world. It is a major cause of seafood gastroenteritis complications. In this study, the presence of V. parahaemolyticus was investigated in 66 seawater samples collected during 2018 from 15 stations spread along the Tunisian coast using selective media including CHROMagar Vibrio media. The results show that only eight samples contained V. parahaemolyticus. However, while Vibrio alginolyticus was detected in all samples; both Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio vulnificus were not found. Nine of the presumed V. parahaemolyticus colonies were purified on tryptic soy agar from eight positive samples then identified by the API 20E biochemical test and confirmed by the presence of a specific target toxR gene. The detection of virulence genes, thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh) and thermostable-related haemolysin (trh), by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed the presence of only two trh-positive isolates. The assessment of antibiotic susceptibility of the V. parahaemolyticus isolated revealed a complete resistance to colistin, amikacin, penicillin and cefotaxime and a total sensitivity to chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim with a multiple antibiotic resistance index (MAR) ranging from 0.4 to 0.5.
Heavy metal pollution in selected upland tributaries of Sri Lanka: comprehension towards the localization of sources of pollution
Authors: Kodikara K. A. S. , Lewandowski S. , De Silva P. M. C. S. , Gunarathna S. D. , Madarasinghe S. K. , Ranasinghe P. , Jayatissa L. P. , Dahdouh-Guebas F. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the heavy metal (HM) profile of the main upland tributaries of three major rivers, the Mahaweli, the Deduru and the Gin Rivers, which are commonly used for urban water supply in Sri Lanka. The HM profiles of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) were investigated by ICP-MS. Land-use classification was performed to locate the main sources of pollution. Mean pH, TDS and conductivity showed significant inter-site mean differences (p &lt; 0.001). The mean contents of the HMs, considering all rivers, were observed in the order [Hg] &gt; [As] &gt; [Pb] &gt; [Cd] at the sources and [As] &gt; [Hg] &gt; [Pb] &gt; [Cd] at the river mouths. Particularly, in the Mahaweli River, the mean As content was 0.08 ± 0.05 μg·L−1 and showed an increasing trend from the source to the river mouth. In the Deduru River, the mean Hg content was 0.14 ± 0.15 μg·L−1, and of all rivers studied, the highest content of 0.50 ± 0.17 μg·L−1 was recorded. The Gin River showed significant inter-site mean differences (p &lt; 0.05) in [Pb], [As] and [Hg]. In all rivers studied, [As] was significantly higher in water samples collected near agricultural lands and urban areas as compared with the other land-use/cover types, which was further proved by a significant positive correlation (coefficient = 0.479, p = 0.0325). We, therefore, emphasized that HM pollution is more likely due to anthropogenic activities in the upper catchment with less lithogenic contamination. However, national water quality management should be further strengthened and new policy enforcement is emphasized.
3D numerical simulation of dam-break flow over different obstacles in a dry bed
Authors: Maghsoodi Reza , Khademalrasoul Abdolghafour , Sarkardeh Hamed 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this research, a numerical investigation was carried out on the effect of obstacle presence on the water flow during the dam-break in a dry bed. The validity of the numerical simulations was confirmed after comparing the results with the experimental evidence. Rectangular, trapezoidal and triangle obstacles were simulated numerically to explain the obstacle effect on the water flow. Water surface tracking and turbulent flow were modeled using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and the standard k-ω model, respectively. Pressure and velocity variations during the dam-break flow are presented and analyzed.
Spatial distribution, geochemical behaviors and risk assessment of antimony in rivers around the antimony mine of Xikuangshan, Hunan Province, China
Authors: Sheng Linlin , Hao Chunming , Guan Shengdi , Huang Zhanbin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Pollutants derived from antimony (Sb) mining can easily cause pollution of surrounding water bodies. However, qualitative source analysis of river pollution is mostly conducted, and quantitative source analysis is still lacking. A total of 21 water samples were collected to analyze the pollution status of the heavy metal element Sb, explore the Xikuangshan (XKS) area river heavy metals pollution mechanism, undertake quantitative analysis of the sources of pollution, and carry out irrigation water suitability assessment and potential ecological risk assessment. The results showed that, compared with the mining non-affected area, the maximum excess multiple of Sb in surface water and rivers in Hunan XKS area is 411.31. When the river fluid flows through the mining-affected area, the heavy metal element Sb content increases rapidly, and then decreases due to dilution process. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) source analysis showed that the main source of Sb pollution in the rivers is the impact of mining and smelting (83.60%), followed by the role of waste rock leaching (16.40%). After irrigation, 27.78% of the river water had strong ecological risks, and 16.67% had extremely strong ecological risks. This achievement provides a theoretical basis and technical guarantee for protecting and using the local water body of the mining area.