bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restoring the epigenetically silenced lncRNA COL18A1-AS1 represses ccRCC progression by lipid browning via miR-1286/KLF12 axis
Authors: Liu Yuenan , Wang Jun , Shou Yi , Xu Wenjie , Huang Ziwei , Xu Jiaju , Chen Kailei , Liu Jingchong , Liu Di , Liang Huageng , Yang Hongmei , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAbnormal accumulation of lipids has been highlighted in the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Emerging evidence suggests long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the regulation of lipid metabolism. In this study, we found lncRNA COL18A1-AS1 was downregulated in ccRCC and that higher COL18A1-AS1 expression indicated better prognosis. Decreased COL18A1-AS1 expression was caused by DNA methylation at the CpG islands within its promoter. Restoring the epigenetically silenced COL18A1-AS1 repressed tumor progression, promoted lipid browning and consumption in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, COL18A1-AS1 could competitively bind miR-1286 to increase the expression of Krüppel-like factor 12 (KLF12). Downregulation of COL18A1-AS1 in ccRCC resulted in the low expression of KLF12. COL18A1-AS1/KLF12 positively regulated uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)–mediated lipid browning, which promotes tumor cell “slimming” and inhibits tumor progression. When tumor cell “slimming” occurred, lipid droplets turned into tiny pieces, and lipids were consumed without producing ATP energy. Taken together, our findings on COL18A1-AS1-miR-1286/KLF12 axis revealed a potential mechanism of abnormal accumulation of lipids in ccRCC and could be a promising therapeutic target for ccRCC patients.
Elasticity of podosome actin networks produces nanonewton protrusive forces
Authors: Jasnin Marion , Hervy Jordan , Balor Stéphanie , Bouissou Anaïs , Proag Amsha , Voituriez Raphaël , Schneider Jonathan , Mangeat Thomas , Maridonneau-Parini Isabelle , Baumeister Wolfgang , Dmitrieff Serge , Poincloux Renaud 
Published: July 2022

AbstractActin filaments assemble into force-generating systems involved in diverse cellular functions, including cell motility, adhesion, contractility and division. It remains unclear how networks of actin filaments, which individually generate piconewton forces, can produce forces reaching tens of nanonewtons. Here we use in situ cryo-electron tomography to unveil how the nanoscale architecture of macrophage podosomes enables basal membrane protrusion. We show that the sum of the actin polymerization forces at the membrane is not sufficient to explain podosome protrusive forces. Quantitative analysis of podosome organization demonstrates that the core is composed of a dense network of bent actin filaments storing elastic energy. Theoretical modelling of the network as a spring-loaded elastic material reveals that it exerts forces of a few tens of nanonewtons, in a range similar to that evaluated experimentally. Thus, taking into account not only the interface with the membrane but also the bulk of the network, is crucial to understand force generation by actin machineries. Our integrative approach sheds light on the elastic behavior of dense actin networks and opens new avenues to understand force production inside cells.
General recipe to realize photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers with 100-W-to-1-kW single-mode operation
Authors: Inoue Takuya , Yoshida Masahiro , Gelleta John , Izumi Koki , Yoshida Keisuke , Ishizaki Kenji , De Zoysa Menaka , Noda Susumu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRealization of one-chip, ultra-large-area, coherent semiconductor lasers has been one of the ultimate goals of laser physics and photonics for decades. Surface-emitting lasers with two-dimensional photonic crystal resonators, referred to as photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs), are expected to show promise for this purpose. However, neither the general conditions nor the concrete photonic crystal structures to realize 100-W-to-1-kW-class single-mode operation in PCSELs have yet to be clarified. Here, we analytically derive the general conditions for ultra-large-area (3~10 mm) single-mode operation in PCSELs. By considering not only the Hermitian but also the non-Hermitian optical couplings inside PCSELs, we mathematically derive the complex eigenfrequencies of the four photonic bands around the Γ point as well as the radiation constant difference between the fundamental and higher-order modes in a finite-size device. We then reveal concrete photonic crystal structures which allow the control of both Hermitian and non-Hermitian coupling coefficients to achieve 100-W-to-1-kW-class single-mode lasing.
Calcium-tin alloys as anodes for rechargeable non-aqueous calcium-ion batteries at room temperature
Authors: Zhao-Karger Zhirong , Xiu Yanlei , Li Zhenyou , Reupert Adam , Smok Thomas , Fichtner Maximilian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRechargeable calcium batteries possess attractive features for sustainable energy-storage solutions owing to their high theoretical energy densities, safety aspects and abundant natural resources. However, divalent Ca-ions and reactive Ca metal strongly interact with cathode materials and non-aqueous electrolyte solutions, leading to high charge-transfer barriers at the electrode-electrolyte interface and consequently low electrochemical performance. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility and elucidate the electrochemical properties of calcium-tin (Ca–Sn) alloy anodes for Ca-ion chemistries. Crystallographic and microstructural characterizations reveal that Sn formed from electrochemically dealloying the Ca–Sn alloy possesses unique properties, and that this in-situ formed Sn undergoes subsequent reversible calciation/decalciation as CaSn3. As demonstration of the suitability of Ca–Sn alloys as anodes for Ca-ion batteries, we assemble coin cells with an organic cathode (1,4-polyanthraquinone) in an electrolyte of 0.25 M calcium tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy)borate in dimethoxyethane. These electrochemical cells are charged/discharged for 5000 cycles at 260 mA g−1, retaining a capacity of 78 mAh g−1 with respect to the organic cathode. The discovery of new class of Ca–Sn alloy anodes opens a promising avenue towards viable high-performance Ca-ion batteries.
Renal UTX-PHGDH-serine axis regulates metabolic disorders in the kidney and liver
Authors: Chen Hong , Liu Chong , Wang Qian , Xiong Mingrui , Zeng Xia , Yang Dong , Xie Yunhao , Su Hua , Zhang Yu , Huang Yixue , Chen Yuchen , Yue Junqiu , Liu Chengyu , Wang Shun , Huang Kun , Zheng Ling 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobal obesity epidemics impacts human health and causes obesity-related illnesses, including the obesity-related kidney and liver diseases. UTX, a histone H3K27 demethylase, plays important roles in development and differentiation. Here we show that kidney-specific knockout Utx inhibits high-fat diet induced lipid accumulation in the kidney and liver via upregulating circulating serine levels. Mechanistically, UTX recruits E3 ligase RNF114 to ubiquitinate phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, the rate limiting enzyme for de novo serine synthesis, at Lys310 and Lys330, which leads to its degradation, and thus suppresses renal and circulating serine levels. Consistently, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and serine levels are markedly downregulated in human subjects with diabetic kidney disease or obesity-related renal dysfunction. Notably, oral administration of serine ameliorates high-fat diet induced fatty liver and renal dysfunction, suggesting a potential approach against obesity related metabolic disorders. Together, our results reveal a metabolic homeostasis regulation mediated by a renal UTX-PHGDH-serine axis.
Cigarette smoke aggravates asthma by inducing memory-like type 3 innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Ham Jongho , Kim Jihyun , Sohn Kyoung-Hee , Park In-Won , Choi Byoung-Whui , Chung Doo Hyun , Cho Sang-Heon , Kang Hye Ryun , Jung Jae-Woo , Kim Hye Young 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough cigarette smoking is known to exacerbate asthma, only a few clinical asthma studies have been conducted involving smokers. Here we show, by comparing paired sputum and blood samples from smoking and non-smoking patients with asthma, that smoking associates with significantly higher frequencies of pro-inflammatory, natural-cytotoxicity-receptor-non-expressing type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in the sputum and memory-like, CD45RO-expressing ILC3s in the blood. These ILC3 frequencies positively correlate with circulating neutrophil counts and M1 alveolar macrophage frequencies, which are known to increase in uncontrolled severe asthma, yet do not correlate with circulating eosinophil frequencies that characterize allergic asthma. In vitro exposure of ILCs to cigarette smoke extract induces expression of the memory marker CD45RO in ILC3s. Cigarette smoke extract also impairs the barrier function of airway epithelial cells and increases their production of IL-1β, which is a known activating factor for ILC3s. Thus, our study suggests that cigarette smoking increases local and circulating frequencies of activated ILC3 cells, plays a role in their activation, thereby aggravating non-allergic inflammation and the severity of asthma.
Clonal barcoding with qPCR detection enables live cell functional analyses for cancer research
Authors: Guo Qiuchen , Spasic Milos , Maynard Adam G. , Goreczny Gregory J. , Bizuayehu Amanuel , Olive Jessica F. , van Galen Peter , McAllister Sandra S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSingle-cell analysis methods are valuable tools; however, current approaches do not easily enable live cell retrieval. That is a particular issue when further study of cells that were eliminated during experimentation could provide critical information. We report a clonal molecular barcoding method, called SunCatcher, that enables longitudinal tracking and live cell functional analysis. From complex cell populations, we generate single cell-derived clonal populations, infect each with a unique molecular barcode, and retain stocks of individual barcoded clones (BCs). We develop quantitative PCR-based and next-generation sequencing methods that we employ to identify and quantify BCs in vitro and in vivo. We apply SunCatcher to various breast cancer cell lines and combine respective BCs to create versions of the original cell lines. While the heterogeneous BC pools reproduce their original parental cell line proliferation and tumor progression rates, individual BCs are phenotypically and functionally diverse. Early spontaneous metastases can also be identified and quantified. SunCatcher thus provides a rapid and sensitive approach for studying live single-cell clones and clonal evolution, and performing functional analyses.
Oxygen isotope (δ18O, Δ′17O) insights into continental mantle evolution since the Archean
Authors: Bindeman Ilya N. , Ionov Dmitri A. , Tollan Peter M. E. , Golovin Alexander V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOxygen isotopic ratios are largely homogenous in the bulk of Earth’s mantle but are strongly fractionated near the Earth’s surface, thus these are robust indicators of recycling of surface materials to the mantle. Here we document a subtle but significant ~0.2‰ temporal decrease in δ18O in the shallowest continental lithospheric mantle since the Archean, no change in Δ′17O is observed. Younger samples document a decrease and greater heterogeneity of δ18O due to the development and progression of plate tectonics and subduction. We posit that δ18O in the oldest Archean samples provides the best δ18O estimate for the Earth of 5.37‰ for olivine and 5.57‰ for bulk peridotite, values that are comparable to lunar rocks as the moon did not have plate tectonics. Given the large volume of the continental lithospheric mantle, even small decreases in its δ18O may explain the increasing δ18O of the continental crust since oxygen is progressively redistributed by fluids between these reservoirs via high-δ18O sediment accretion and low-δ18O mantle in subduction zones.
Flexible ultrasound-induced retinal stimulating piezo-arrays for biomimetic visual prostheses
Authors: Jiang Laiming , Lu Gengxi , Zeng Yushun , Sun Yizhe , Kang Haochen , Burford James , Gong Chen , Humayun Mark S. , Chen Yong , Zhou Qifa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractElectronic visual prostheses, or biomimetic eyes, have shown the feasibility of restoring functional vision in the blind through electrical pulses to initiate neural responses artificially. However, existing visual prostheses predominantly use wired connections or electromagnetic waves for powering and data telemetry, which raises safety concerns or couples inefficiently to miniaturized implant units. Here, we present a flexible ultrasound-induced retinal stimulating piezo-array that can offer an alternative wireless artificial retinal prosthesis approach for evoking visual percepts in blind individuals. The device integrates a two-dimensional piezo-array with 32-pixel stimulating electrodes in a flexible printed circuit board. Each piezo-element can be ultrasonically and individually activated, thus, spatially reconfigurable electronic patterns can be dynamically applied via programmable ultrasound beamlines. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the ultrasound-induced pattern reconstruction in ex vivo murine retinal tissue, showing the potential of this approach to restore functional, life-enhancing vision in people living with blindness.
Neural architecture search for pneumonia diagnosis from chest X-rays
Authors: Gupta Abhibha , Sheth Parth , Xie Pengtao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPneumonia is one of the diseases that causes the most fatalities worldwide, especially in children. Recently, pneumonia-caused deaths have increased dramatically due to the novel Coronavirus global pandemic. Chest X-ray (CXR) images are one of the most readily available and common imaging modality for the detection and identification of pneumonia. However, the detection of pneumonia from chest radiography is a difficult task even for experienced radiologists. Artificial Intelligence (AI) based systems have great potential in assisting in quick and accurate diagnosis of pneumonia from chest X-rays. The aim of this study is to develop a Neural Architecture Search (NAS) method to find the best convolutional architecture capable of detecting pneumonia from chest X-rays. We propose a Learning by Teaching framework inspired by the teaching-driven learning methodology from humans, and conduct experiments on a pneumonia chest X-ray dataset with over 5000 images. Our proposed method yields an area under ROC curve (AUC) of 97.6% for pneumonia detection, which improves upon previous NAS methods by 5.1% (absolute).
Corticosteroid use and bone health management for Duchenne muscular dystrophy in South Korea
Authors: Yoon Jin A , Park Ho Eun , Kim Jinmi , Son Jungmin , Shin Yong Beom 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the current corticosteroid use and bone health management status of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in South Korea. This is a national population-based study utilized information from the databased of Korean National Health Insurance Database. Database regarding bone status, spine radiography findings, bone mineral density, and laboratory test results were obtained, as well as the proportion of patients with spine and lower limb prostheses, occurrence of scoliosis, and age at scoliosis surgery. Deflazacort dose in the ambulant group (aged < 15 years) increased by age and year. The maintenance dose of prednisolone and deflazacort for the 15–19 years group decreased by year. Among the patients, 12.47% underwent spine radiography, 23.11% underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and 22.7% underwent vitamin D tests. Moreover, 40.9% of the patients were prescribed vitamin D at a mean age of 14.6 ± 6.1 years, while 10.22% were prescribed bisphosphonate at 17.92 ± 3.4 years. Further, 16.1% of the patients underwent posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion at 14.4 ± 2.3 years and 5.3% underwent anterior spinal instrumentation and fusion at 14.4 ± 2.3 years. Ankle–foot orthosis and spine orthosis prescriptions were noted in 4.91% and 1.84% of patients, respectively. In this our study, the current corticosteroid use and bone health management status of DMD in South Korea has been presented. The dose prescription for corticosteroid and bone health monitoring did not reach to current recommendation.
Design and preparation of nanoarchitectonics of LDH/polymer composite with particular morphology as catalyst for green synthesis of imidazole derivatives
Authors: Ghanbari Nastaran , Ghafuri Hossein 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper was designed and prepared a new nanoarchitectonics of LDH/polymer composite with specific morphology. For this purpose, CTAB surfactant was used to control the morphology of layered double hydroxide (LDH) and to prepare LDH/polymer nanocomposites (LDH–APS–PEI–DTPA). The polymer was synthesized using diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), polyethylenimine and used with LDH to form a nanocomposite with high thermal stability. Subsequently, the prepared nanocomposite was identified using FTIR, EDX, TGA, XRD, FESEM, and BET techniques. In addition, the prepared LDH–APS–PEI–DTPA nanocomposite was used as a heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of imidazole derivatives under green conditions. The results showed that the LDH–APS–PEI–DTPA nanocomposite benefit from suitable morphology, simple preparation, high catalytic activity, and high surface area. Also, the proposed LDH–APS–PEI–DTPA heterogeneous catalyst showed high stability and reusability for five consecutive runs which was consistent with the principles of green chemistry.
Designing event‐triggered fault hiding controller for non‐linear affine bioreactor system: Adaptive virtual actuator approach
Authors: Ghasemi Reza , Zadeh S. Narges Mahdian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn recent years, bioreactor control is very important due to the challenges associated with the highly non‐linear behaviours. The dynamical structure of the system has been extended compared to previous researches and correspondingly the controller configuration is developed in this approach. This approach deliberates an event‐triggered adaptive fault‐hiding prototype for the non‐linear affine bioreactor system. Since this controller has the ability to hide the faults and external disturbances effects, the separated fault detection, isolation, and identification unit are not required in this approach. Also, the measurement information is triggered by the incidence of a certain event to amend the network resources. The focal advantages of the planned methodology are: (1) Robustness of the planned approach against external disturbances, (2) the presented virtual actuator conceals mechanism faults, (3) the convergence of tracking errors in the presence of both the faults and the external disturbances is guaranteed to neighbourhood of zero, and (4) significantly reducing data exchange based on event‐triggered strategy with a state‐independent threshold. The stability of closed‐loop system is guaranteed based on Lyapunov approach. The simulation results show that the proposed fault‐tolerant approach on the bioreactor systems is effective.
Wassermangel in der Haut verhindern
Authors: Allmacher Clarissa 
Published: July 2022

SummaryDie Haut speichert große Mengen an Wasser. Eine eigene Schutzbarriere, bestehend aus dem Fett aus den Talgdrüsen, den Ceramiden aus der Epidermis, dem dermalen Mikrobiom und einem Säureschutzmantel, bewahrt sie vor übermäßigem Feuchtigkeitsverlust. Aggressives Reinigen zerstört jedoch diese Schutzbarriere und kann zu Hautschäden führen. Durch gemäßigte Reinigung und die richtige Hautpflege lässt sich der Schutzmantel stärken und übermäßiger Feuchtigkeitsverlust vermeiden.
Pathologie und Therapie der Lymphgefäße
Authors: Brenke Rainer 
Published: July 2022

SummaryDie Lymphgefäße bilden einen wichtigen Bestandteil des Lymphsystems unseres Körpers. Ihre Aufgabe besteht darin, überschüssiges Wasser, Eiweiße und anderen „lymphpflichtige Lasten“ aus dem Interstitium abzutransportieren. Bei einer Schädigung entsteht ein Lymphödem, das im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Ödemen eiweißreich ist und damit zu Infektionen und Fibrosierungen neigt. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die pathophysiologischen Grundlagen und die Therapie, allem voran die Lymphdrainage, als Teil der Komplexen Physikalischen Entstauungstherapie, beschrieben.
Trägt der Magnesiumgehalt im Trinkwasser zur Gesundheit bei?
Authors: Vormann Jürgen 
Published: July 2022

SummaryMagnesium wird in ausreichender Menge für die Gesunderhaltung des Körpers benötigt. Fehlt Magnesium, ist das Risiko für Herzerkrankungen, Krebs oder Diabetes mellitus erhöht. Magnesium wird jedoch nicht nur über die Nahrung, sondern auch über das Trinkwasser aufgenommen. Studien zeigen, dass eine geringe „Wasserhärte“ bzw. ein niedriger Magnesiumgehalt im Leitungswasser die Inzidenz verschiedener Erkrankungen erhöhen kann.
Brustrekonstruktion – der Einfluss des Verfahrens auf die
Lebensqualität
Authors: Schaefer Kristin Marit , Kappos Elisabeth Artemis , Haug Martin , Schaefer Dirk Johannes 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDeutsch Brustkrebs und die damit verbundenen chirurgischen Eingriffe haben grosse
Auswirkungen auf die Lebensqualität der betroffenen Patientinnen. Die
Studienlage zeigt, dass der Verlust der Brust und die damit verbundene
Veränderung des Körperbildes für viele Frauen grosse
Auswirkungen auf das weibliche Selbstverständnis haben. Das hat einen
starken negativen Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen. Mit
moderner klinischer Outcome Forschung unter Einbezug der Behandlungsergebnisse
aus der Patientinnenperspektive in Form von Patient-reported Outcome Measures
(PROMs) lassen sich die Zufriedenheit und Lebensqualität von Betroffenen
messen, analysieren und vergleichen. Diese Übersichtsarbeit
durchleuchtet inwiefern die Wiederherstellung der Brust für viele Frauen
eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität bedeutet und wie die
unterschiedlichen Rekonstruktionsmethoden in ihrem Einfluss auf die
Lebensqualität und Zufriedenheit variieren. Ausserdem wird die
Wichtigkeit der standardisierten Erfassung und Analyse von PROMs in Kombination
mit objektiven klinischen Daten sowie deren Integration den Behandlungsprozess
diskutiert und die Implementierungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt. Eine solche
systematische Erfassung ermöglicht die Anlage von Datenbanken und
Registern, deren Auswertungen Informationen bereitstellen, die für
wissenschaftliche, wie klinische Zwecke verwendbar sind. So lassen sich,
basierend auf den Forschungsergebnissen, prognostische Modelle kreieren und
Behandlungsergebnisse in Vergleichsstudien untersuchen, die klinische
Entscheidungsfindungen und Qualitätskontrollen erleichtern.
Eine Patientin mit Ohrenschmerzen Polyurie und Polydipsie
Authors: Bidner Nora , Schnack Christoph , Brix Johanna M. , Ludvik Bernhard 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Zusammenfassung Die Langerhans-Zell-Histiozytose ist eine seltene inflammatorische Knochenmarks-Neoplasie, die häufig Knochen, Lunge, Haut und Hypophyse befällt. Aufgrund der vielfältigen Klinik wird die Diagnose meist spät gestellt.
Anamnese Eine 54-jährige Patientin klagte über Ohrenschmerzen rechts seit 5 Monaten. Wegen ähnlicher Beschwerden wurde vor 3 Jahren bereits eine Mastoidektomie durchgeführt. Die Histologie ergab damals eine unspezifische Entzündung. Neu aufgetreten war eine Polydipsie.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose Die Computertomografie der Schläfenbeine ergab Osteolysen im Mastoid. In der Magnetresonanztomografie und Knochenszintigrafie wurden diese Veränderungen als uncharakteristisch entzündlich gewertet. Die Polydipsie erwies sich im Durstversuch als Symptom eines zentralen Diabetes insipidus. Schließlich gelang durch die Remastoidektomie der histologische Nachweis einer Langerhans-Zell-Histiozytose.
Therapie und Verlauf Die Patientin erhielt neben einer systemischen Chemotherapie mit Cytarabin noch Denosumab und Desmopressin.
Folgerung Eine Langerhans-Zell-Histiozytose mit Befall von Schädelknochen geht häufig mit einem Diabetes insipidus einher. Das Wissen um diese typische Konstellation kann zu einer rascheren Diagnosefindung führen und so die Prognose verbessern.