bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomic Landmarks for Minimally Invasive Exposure for Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL) Tendon Transfers and Spring Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Black Sarah E. , Jastifer James R. , Brunejes Joseph 
Published: November 2022

Category: Other; Basic Sciences/Biologics; Hindfoot; Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: The approach for identification of the FDL tendon is classically described through an incision proximal to the medial malleolus extending past the navicular following the inferior border of the first metatarsal.1This incision is lengthy, and we believe that the navicular tuberosity, medial malleolus, and/or sustentaculum tali can be used as reliable landmarks for identification of the FDL more precisely and reliably. The purpose of this study is to detail spatial anatomy of the medial arch to allow for a more reliable and less invasive exposure of the FDL. Methods: Ten cadaver specimens were used for a total of 20 extremities. Anatomic locations were identified and pinned with the foot positioned in neutral dorsiflexion. Anatomic locations pinned included tip of the anterior colliculus, navicular tuberosity, proximal portion of the sustentaculum tali, and the distal portion of the sustentaculum tali. Photographs were taken of each cadaveric specimen with pins in place. Image J calibrated software was then used to calculate the distance between anatomic points. Averages were calculated for all measurements. Results: On average the superior margin of the sustentaculum tali was located 8 mm from the FDL with a range of 5-15 mm. Average distance from inferior sustentaculum tali to the FDL was 9 mm with a range of 5-12 mm. Average distance from medial malleolus to superior FDL was 18 mm with a range of 11-27 mm. Average distance from medial malleolus to inferior FDL was 27 mm with a range of 20-36mm. Average distance from navicular tuberosity to anterior FDL was 22 mm with a range of 11-27 mm. Average distance from navicular tuberosity to posterior FDL was 30 mm with a range of 19-42 mm. Conclusion: The 'lighthouse' for the harvest of the FDL tendon is the sustentaculum tali. Intraoperatively, the FDL tendon is found 22-31 mm directly posterior to the navicular and 18-27 mm inferior to the medial malleolus. This provides a reliable anatomic region where a 40 mm oblique approach can be made to access the FDL and spring ligament complex for a more minimally invasive approach in all of the studied specimen.
The Use of Amniotic Membrane for Peripheral Nerve Injury in Lower Extremity Surgical Procedures
Authors: Cacace Alexis , Haywood Jillian , Ashkani-Esfahani Soheil , Vrolyk Michael A. , Gianakos Arianna L. , DiGiovanni Christopher W. , Guss Daniel , Waryasz Gregory R. 
Published: November 2022

Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics; Other Introduction/Purpose: Patients undergoing nerve decompression surgery often report persistent symptoms. Some have suggested that wrapping the affected nerve with amniotic membrane may improve outcomes if the nerve is wrapped with amniotic membrane at the time of surgery, possibly related to anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, or pro-regenerative effects. There is little in the foot and ankle literature to support such approaches. The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the initial safety of amniotic membrane use outcomes in foot and ankle surgery during nerve decompression procedures as an initial study in anticipation of a randomized, prospective trial. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed outcomes among 22 patients, >=18 years old, who had undergone amniotic membrane neurorrhaphy for lower extremity nerves including sural, saphenous, superficial peroneal, common peroneal, deep peroneal, digital (Morton's neuroma), Baxter's and posterior tibial nerve. Patients may have had multiple nerves wrapped and have had other procedures done. All patients had failed conservative treatments including cortisone injections, orthotics, nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs, and physical therapy. Patients' demographics, postoperative complications, patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), and preoperative/postoperative Visual Analog Scores (VAS) for pain was collected. Data were reported in a descriptive manner. Results: Twenty-two patients, 16 females and 6 males averaging 51 years of age were assessed. Only one patient of the twenty- two reported a higher postoperative VAS compared to the preoperative VAS. There were no post-operative infections or reactions to the amniotic membrane. No patient required repeat surgery. The average pre- and post-operative VAS were 6.36 and 2.77, respectively. The average PROMs Pain Interference and Pain Intensity (Short Form 4a and 3a, respectively) were 42.02 and 35.94, respectively, that were within the normal range. Conclusion: The use of amniotic membrane wrap in lower extremity nerve decompression procedures was shown to be safe regarding post-operative short-term complications in this series of patients. However, in order to prove the usefulness of this technique for pain and function improvement, further studies with larger populations, particularly randomized clinical trials with long term follow up are necessary.
Radiographic Outcomes of Proximal vs Distal Syndesmotic Low Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Choi Jun Young , Suh Jin Soo 
Published: November 2022

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: We aimed to determine whether the location of tibial osteotomy affects the outcome during low tibial osteotomy (LTO) with fibular osteotomy for varus ankle arthritis by comparing proximal syndesmotic (PS) and distal syndesmotic (DS) tibial osteotomy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the radiographic findings of 50 cases (among 47 patients) who underwent LTO with fibular osteotomy for varus ankle arthritis. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to the location of the tibial osteotomy: the PS group (25 cases, 24 patients) and the DS group (25 cases, 23 patients). Radiographic parameters were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in tibial anterior and lateral surface angles, tibiomedial malleolar angle, talar center migration, and intermalleolar distance correction between the two groups (all, P>.05). However, the decreases in talar tilt (TT) and talocrural angle (TCA) were more pronounced in the DS group than in the PS group (both P<.05). Among patients with TT >=8 degrees, a greater decrease in TT (+1.0 degrees vs. -2.8 degrees) and TCA was observed in the DS group, while the PS group demonstrated greater increases in TCA and intermalleolar distance (all, P<.01). Conclusion: In this series, DS tibial osteotomy combined with fibular osteotomy was a more effective operative option than PS tibial osteotomy to correct both extra- and intra-articular deformity for varus ankle arthritis.
Clinical Outcomes of Synthetic Cartilage Implant for Second Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthritis
Authors: Chopra Aman , Fletcher Amanda N. , Madi Naji S. , Parekh Selene G. 
Published: November 2022

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Second metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthritis can be caused by both traumatic and non-traumatic conditions such as inflammation, osteoarthritis, and Freiberg's disease. Although many treatment options for second MTPJ arthritis are available, resurfacing with a synthetic cartilage implant (SCI) has recently gained popularity since it demonstrates similar biomechanical properties as native cartilage, eliminates pain, and preserves second MTPJ motion. With limited data available on the efficacy of SCI resurfacing for the lesser toes, the purpose of this study was to report on the clinical outcomes of SCI resurfacing in patients with second MTPJ arthritis. Methods: Electronic health records were queried from July 2017 to December 2020 for patients who were experiencing symptomatic second MTPJ pain and were treated with SCI (Cartiva Synthetic Cartilage Implant; Cartiva Inc., Alpharetta, GA) by a single surgeon. Patient demographics such as body mass index (BMI), age, sex, medical comorbidities, American Society for Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status, past surgical history, and followup periods were recorded. Preoperative and postoperative range of motion, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, and x-ray imaging were compared. Descriptive and univariate statistics were used to analyze data. Results: A total of six patients received SCI resurfacing for second MTPJ pathologies including Freiberg's disease (50%), osteoarthritis (67%), and subluxation (50%). All six patients were female and the mean BMI and age were 28.3+-6 Kg/m2 and 56.3+-14 years, respectively. Three patients (50%) received index SCI resurfacing, while three patients (50%) received SCI resurfacing as a revision procedure. No significant differences were observed between preoperative and postoperative pain VAS, dorsiflexion, and plantarflexion measurements. The mean followup period was 16.4+-14 (range, 5-38) months and no postoperative complications were reported. When reviewing imaging, all patients demonstrated second MTPJ alignment within 10 degrees of valgus and maintenance of articular space (Table 1). Conclusion: SCI resurfacing can be utilized as a treatment option for second MTPJ arthritis. Future prospective studies should be performed to expand upon the limited clinical outcomes data presently available.
A 10 Year Review of Designated Leadership Positions of the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS)
Authors: Chrea Bopha , Johnson A. Holly , Baumhauer Judith F. , Meeker James E. , Atwater Lara C. , Poon Selina 
Published: November 2022

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: In 2019 the majority of U.S medical students were women (50.5%). Despite this, in 2019 Orthopaedic surgery had the lowest representation of female surgeons (5.8%). Previously, the American Society for Surgery of the hand (ASSH) and Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) published their gender diversity data. However, no such study has been conducted in the largest membership organization for foot and ankle trained orthopaedic surgeons. This study sought to investigate whether increased female representation in the American Orthoapedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) membership roster is reflected in different levels within the organization. Methods: The 2012-2022 membership rosters were obtained from the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) and compared by gender. Volunteer, elected and appointed leadership positions and rates of engagement were compared for each of the activities. Leadership positions were defined as appointment as committee chair, vice chair of board of directors. When available, time for advancement through leadership positions was analyzed by gender. Comparative data was available for comparison to two other respective subspecialty groups (ASSH and POSNA) from previously published studies. Results: Between 2012-2022, the percentage of female membership in the AOFAS has continued to increase from 7.5 (n=76) to 13% (n=163) (Table 1). Engagement in committee membership positions in this time has more than doubled from 11/26 (14.4%) to 57/163 (34.9%) (Table 1-3). When participation trends were evaluated by gender, women showed higher rates of committee involvement than their male counterparts (Table 4). In 2021 the percentage of female committee involvement more than doubled their male counterparts (female 57% vs male 23.2 %) (Figure 1). This committee gender composition trend has been seen in the ASSHA and POSNA however is more pronounced in the AOFAS. Representation of women in committee chair positions and elected positions has not seen this same parallel increase (Figure 2). Conclusion: The AOFAS is on trend with the respective Orthopaedic subspecialities. Female membership within the society has increased over the past ten years. The rates of female involvement within committee membership positions have seen a parallel increase. It will take time to mature into leadership roles as we continue to increase diversity within our respective subspecialty organizations. Inception of the Diversity Equity and Inclusion and Women's Subcommittee demonstrate a continued emphasis on this core value within the society.
Assessing the Stability of Talar Defect Repairs: Does Shape Matter?
Authors: Farndon Mark A. , Canden Ahranee , Brockett Claire 
Published: November 2022

Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics; Ankle; Sports Introduction/Purpose: The management of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) provides a challenging predicament for clinicians; with an increased array of treatment options available. In many cases, the management strategy used is dependent on both the size and location of the lesion. One of the current treatments used for mid-sized (10-20 mm) lesions is Chondro-Gide membrane. To apply this therapy, the defect site is debrided into a shape of the clinicians' preference with a template being used to prepare the Chondro-Gide matrix to the correct size and shape. However, there is some debate within the clinical community as to which shape allows for improved treatment. In this study we aim to assess whether a square or circular scaffold repair provided improved treatment when tested tribologically. Methods: 16-mm circular chondral defects were introduced to the talar dome of cadaveric donor tissue (n = 3). The tibiotalar joints were cemented with the centre of rotation preserved. The ankle joint was loaded into a ProSim Pendulum Friction simulator and tested using the following loading and motor conditions. Simulations were run at a 1-Hertz for 3600 cycles with a constant tibial load of 640 N and 20° sweep arc through flexion and extension. Data was normalised using a mean frictional offset value calculated using 2 minute pre- and post- test to account for additional frictional torque. Nanofracture was performed on the defect site and a circular Chondro-Gide patch was fixed using a synthetic fibrin glue before testing using the same conditions. The circular defect site was modified to create a 16-mm square defect which was repaired with a square patch in the same manner and tested as described. Results: The overall mean frictional factors over the 1-hour test for the defect, circular and square repairs were 0.039, 0.042 and 0.026, respectively. These values are within the expected range for in vitro testing of two cartilage surfaces previously reported in the literature of 0.003 and 0.08, suggesting that frictional values did not differ between the samples. However, visual changes to the stability of the repair and the reciprocal tibial cartilage could be seen post testing. In all cases the circular repair remained in the defect site. In comparison, for 2 out of 3 of the defects repaired with a square Chondro-Gide patch did not remain stable within the defect site. In both cases further delamination was seen on the reciprocal tibial cartilage tissue. Conclusion: This method will allow for potential preclinical evaluation of treatments for OLTs in an appropriately simulated environment to assess tribological changes. The values obtained for the frictional factor all sit within the expected range for friction between two cartilage surfaces that has been reported in the literature 0.003 and 0.08. Thus, providing a reliable platform for comparing different methods of osteochondral defect repair in the tibiotalar joint.
Portable Dynamic Ultrasonography is a Useful Tool for the Evaluation of Suspected Syndesmotic Instability
Authors: Hagemeijer Noortje , Lubberts Bart , Saengsin Jirawat , Bhimani Rohan , Sato Go , Waryasz Gregory R. , Kerkhoffs Gino , DiGiovanni Christopher W. , Guss Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Portable ultrasonography (P-US) is increasingly used to diagnose syndesmotic instability. The aim of this study was to evaluate syndesmotic instability by measuring the distal tibiofibular clear space (TFCS) in a cadaveric model using P- US with progressive stages of syndesmotic ligamentous transection. Methods: Ten fresh lower leg cadaveric specimens amputated above the proximal tibiofibular joint were used. Using P-US, the TFCS was evaluated in the intact stage and after progressive sectioning of the 1) anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL), 2) interosseous ligament (IOL), and 3) posterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament (PITFL). The TFCS was measured in both the unstressed (0 Nm) state and with 4.5 Nm, 6.0 Nm, 7.5 Nm, and 9.0 Nm of external rotation stress at each stage of ligamentous transection stage using both P-US and fluoroscopy. Results: When assessed with P-US, partial syndesmotic injury encompassing the AITFL and IOL resulted in significant TFCS widening at 4.5 Nm of external rotation torque when compared to intact state with a TFCS-opening of 2.6 +- 2 mm, p = 0.01. In contrast, no significant differences in TFCS were detected using fluoroscopy. Only a moderate correlation was found between P- US and fluoroscopy. Conclusion: P-US is much more sensitive than fluoroscopy in diagnosing syndesmotic instability during external rotation stress examination. Extrapolated to the clinical setting, 4.5 Nm of force can be used when comparing to the stressed, uninjured side, and may be better tolerated by patients than higher torque values. When using P-US, a TFCS-opening of 2.6 mm is likely to correlate with syndesmotic instability. While absolute threshold values may vary between individuals, the ready availability of the contralateral, uninjured side overcomes this constraint.
TreeQNet: a webserver for Treatment evaluation with Quantified Network
Authors: Li Zhenlei , Huang Ya , Li Qingrun , Sun Yidi , Li Chen , Wu Jiarui , Zheng Haoran , Zeng Rong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Personalized therapy has been at the forefront of cancer care, making cancer treatment more effective. Since cancer patients respond individually to drug therapy, predicting the sensitivity of each patient to specific drugs is very helpful to apply therapeutic agents. Traditional methods focus on node (molecular) information but ignore relevant interactions among different nodes, which has very limited application in complex situations, such as cancer drug responses in real clinical practice.

Results
Treatment evaluation with Quantified Network (TreeQNet) is a webserver which could predict sensitivity to drugs for patients through the innovative use of proteomic and phosphoproteomic network from tumor tissues.

Conclusion
TreeQNet service: http://bioinfo.ustc.edu.cn/. TreeQNet source code: https://github.com/Really00/treeqnet-web-front/.
DIAMIN: a software library for the distributed analysis of large-scale molecular interaction networks
Authors: Di Rocco Lorenzo , Ferraro Petrillo Umberto , Rombo Simona E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHuge amounts of molecular interaction data are continuously produced and stored in public databases. Although many bioinformatics tools have been proposed in the literature for their analysis, based on their modeling through different types of biological networks, several problems still remain unsolved when the problem turns on a large scale.ResultsWe propose , that is, a high-level software library to facilitate the development of applications for the efficient analysis of large-scale molecular interaction networks. relies on distributed computing, and it is implemented in Java upon the framework Apache Spark. It delivers a set of functionalities implementing different tasks on an abstract representation of very large graphs, providing a built-in support for methods and algorithms commonly used to analyze these networks. has been tested on data retrieved from two of the most used molecular interactions databases, resulting to be highly efficient and scalable. As shown by different provided examples, can be exploited by users without any distributed programming experience, in order to perform various types of data analysis, and to implement new algorithms based on its primitives.ConclusionsThe proposed has been proved to be successful in allowing users to solve specific biological problems that can be modeled relying on biological networks, by using its functionalities. The software is freely available and this will hopefully allow its rapid diffusion through the scientific community, to solve both specific data analysis and more complex tasks.
Genome-wide association study uncovers major genetic loci associated with flowering time in response to active accumulated temperature in wild soybean population
Authors: Yang Guang , Li Wei , Fan Chao , Liu Miao , Liu Jianxin , Liang Wenwei , Wang Ling , Di Shufeng , Fang Chao , Li Haiyang , Ding Guohua , Bi Yingdong , Lai Yongcai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFlowering time and active accumulated temperature (AAT) are two key factors that limit the expanded production especially for soybean across different regions. Wild soybean provides an important germplasm for functional genomics study in cultivar soybean. However, the studies on genetic basis underlying flowering time in response to AAT especially in wild soybean were rarely reported. In this study, we used 294 wild soybean accessions derived from major soybean production region characterized by different AAT in Northeast of China. Based on genome-wide association study (GWAS), we identified 96 SNPs corresponded to 342 candidate genes that significantly associated with flowering time recorded in two-year experiments. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis suggests that the pathways of photosynthesis light reaction and actin filament binding were significantly enriched. We found three lead SNPs with -log10(p-value) > 32 across the two-year experiments, i.e., Chr02:9490318, Chr04:8545910 and Chr09:49553555. Linkage disequilibrium block analysis shows 28 candidate genes within the genomic region centered on the lead SNPs. Among them, expression levels of three genes (aspartic peptidase 1, serine/threonine-protein kinase and protein SCAR2-like) were significantly differed between two subgroups possessing contrasting flowering time distributed at chromosome 2, 4 and 9, respectively. There are 6, 7 and 3 haplotypes classified on the coding regions of the three genes, respectively. Collectively, accessions with late flowering time phenotype are typically derived from AAT zone 1, which is associated with the haplotypic distribution and expression levels of the three genes. This study provides an insight into a potential mechanism responsible for flowering time in response to AAT in wild soybean, which could promote the understanding of genetic basis for other major crops.