bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and In vitro Antimycobacterial
Studies on N'-arylidene-4-nitrobenzohydrazides
Authors: Bhosale Dinesh , Mali Suraj N. , Thorat Bapu R. , Wavhal Swati S. , Bhagat Devidas S. , Borade Ravikumar M. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the organism that causes tuberculosis to develop (TB). In 2019, 10 million individuals worldwide contracted tuberculosis, with 1.4 million people dying from the disease each year (World Health Organization, 2021). Hydrazones-hydrazide-based drugs have been shown to be bactericidal against M. tuberculosis replication.

Objectives:
We herein intended to synthesize a series of acid hydrazones (3a-3l) by condensing 4-nitrobenzohydrazine with substituted aromatic acids in ethanol at room temperature.

Materials and Methods:
All newly synthesized compounds were characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques. Synthesized compounds were then tested for anti-mycobacterial analysis, H37Rv strains. Molecular docking analysis was performed for three crystal structures of 1ENY, 1TED and 2FUM Mycobacterium tuberculosis receptors.

Results:
Among all tested molecules, 3i (MIC: 50 μg/mL) and 3b (MIC: 50 μg/mL) were found to best ligands for further development of new anti-TB drug. We noticed that our proposed molecules were having higher docking scores that corresponding standard anti-TB agents such as Ciprofloxacin and Isoniazid. Synthesized compounds were found to have Drug-Likeness properties when tested with Lipinski’s filter for drug-likeness.

Conclusion:
From our current study, we wish to propose N'-arylidene-4-nitrobenzohydrazides as anti-TB agents. Agents with such system can be developed in future for developments into active lead molecules.
Risk Factors Associated with Treatment Default Among Tuberculosis Patients in Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Okoro Charles , Bamigbala Olateju Alao , Ojetunde Ayodeji Oluwatobi , Ibrahim Abdulmudallib 
Published: June 2022

Background. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis is complex, costly, and usually has poor outcomes. Treatment default is well known as a very significant factor associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis.
The aim of this study was to investigate the hazard ratios associated with treatment default among tuberculosis patients in Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods. The Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the hazard ratios associated with tuberculosis patient treatment default in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze time-to-event data. The study assessed the survival status and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients over a six-month period (January 2019 to June 2019). Data analysis was done using R - Programming Software and the statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05.
Results. Out of the 197 (124 males and 73 females) tuberculosis patients, 148 (75.1%) individuals were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and 49 (24.9%) individuals were diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The treatment outcomes were as follows: 33 (16.8%) patients were cured; 36 (18.3%) individuals completed their treatment; 3 (1.5%) patients died during treatment; 105 (53.3%) subjects defaulted; 8 (4.1%) patients were lost to follow-up; the remaining 12 (6.1%) individuals were still on treatment at the end of the study. According to the Cox proportional hazards analysis, HIV-positive status (p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.361 - 0.879]), primary education level (p < 0.01, 95% CI [1.248 - 3.354]), poor quality of life (p < 0.01, 95% CI [1.239 - 3.511]) and age over 60 years old (p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.569 - 2.206]) were significant hazard ratios to experience the event (treatment default) in the study area.
Conclusions. This study revealed that HIV-positive tuberculosis patients, older patients, patients with primary education, and those with poor quality of life are significant risk factors to experience treatment default in the study area. Therefore, it is recommended that stakeholders managing the treatment and care of tuberculosis patients should be dedicated and intentional in the provision of psychosocial therapy to patients with poor quality of life.
Development of a Web-Based Decision Aid and Planning Tool for Family Building After Cancer (Roadmap to Parenthood): Usability Testing
Authors: Benedict Catherine , Dauber-Decker Katherine L , Ford Jennifer S , King D'Arcy , Spiegel David , Schapira Lidia , Simon Pamela , Diefenbach Michael 
Published: June 2022

Background
Owing to gonadotoxic cancer treatments, young adult female survivors often report uncertainty about their fertility, reproductive potential, and family-building options after treatment. Roadmap to Parenthood is a web-based decision aid and planning tool for family building after cancer.

Objective
As part of a patient-centered development process, this study evaluated the usability of the decision aid website to inform design modifications and improve user experience.

Methods
In total, 2 rounds of usability testing were conducted with the target population of young adult female cancer survivors. During the testing sessions, participants viewed the website twice; first, as a think-aloud exercise, and second, while a researcher interrupted at key points to obtain user feedback. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected to assess website usability. Quantitative measures included the System Usability Scale, WebQual, and eHealth Impact Questionnaire. An exit interview with open-ended questions gathered feedback on likes and dislikes and suggestions for improvement.

Results
Participants (N=10) were young adult women, with average age of 30.9 (SD 4.51) years, and average time since treatment was 4.44 (SD 3.56) years. Website usability scores improved on the System Usability Scale from “acceptable” in round 1 to “excellent” in round 2 after making design changes based on user feedback (scores of 68 and 89.4, respectively). WebQual scores showed similar improvement from round 1 to round 2 of testing (mean 5.6 to 6.25; range 1-7). On the eHealth Impact Questionnaire, the information and presentation of the website was perceived as comprehensive, easy to understand, and trustworthy. Participants also reported improved confidence to discuss and manage fertility and family-building issues and felt encouraged to play a more active role in managing their fertility. In all, 3 usability themes were identified from the qualitative feedback: ease of use, visibility and navigation, and informational content and usefulness. Overall feedback was positive, and participants reported intentions to use the decision aid website in the future. In total, 10% (1/10) of the participants reported negative emotions when learning about infertility risks and potential family-building challenges.

Conclusions
Website usability improved after design changes were made in response to user feedback. Young adult female survivors reported positive views about the website and indicated that the decision aid would be useful in decision-making about family building after cancer. Future studies will include further design modifications to consider the emotional experiences of users and any additional navigational features or content to optimize the ease of use and support provided by the tool.
Co-creation of a Serious Game About Radiotherapy: Participatory Action Research Study With Children Treated for Cancer
Authors: Cederved Catarina , Back Jon , Ångström-Brännström Charlotte , Ljungman Gustaf , Engvall Gunn 
Published: June 2022

Background
Children with cancer who have to undergo radiotherapy can experience fear, because they have no prior knowledge of the treatment. One way of teaching children about the treatment and reducing their fear is to prepare them for it through serious games. Involvement of the end user in the design process within medicine is a way of ensuring that the product being developed will fit the intended user.

Objective
The aim was to outline the contributions made by children and their parents through participatory action research when designing a serious game about radiotherapy.

Methods
By means of participatory action research, children and their parents participated in the development of a serious game about radiotherapy. Nine children (7-10 years old) were included, each with an accompanying parent. A qualitative approach was used that included interviews and participant observation. Six rounds of iterative development process were used with the children and their parents. Meetings with the children were held either face-to-face or online. Each round resulted in a list of suggestions for changes to the game. A thematic analysis was performed based on the list of proposed changes, underpinned by all gathered data, to highlight how the children’s participation changed the game.

Results
Two main themes were identified. The first theme was “The children’s participation was affected by their health and treatment” and included the following subthemes: “an opportunity to share emotions and perceptions of radiotherapy” and “the possibility to participate was affected by the severity of the disease.” The second theme was “participation allowed becoming an active part of game development” and included the following subthemes: “the opportunity to express sentiments about the game,” “the emergence of a playable game through the children’s contributions,” and “the necessity of understanding the text.”

Conclusions
The method used in this study made the children active participants, and our results suggest that this method can be used by health care researchers to cocreate serious games with children. It is necessary to inform the children involved that the process takes time, and that the process can be altered to allow as much participation as possible without placing a burden on them. The children’s illness affected their possibility to take part; thus, it is crucial to accommodate the children’s needs when conducting similar studies. The parents’ participation facilitated the meetings for their children, even though their involvement in the game design was negligible.
Uso da tecnologia na resolução acordada dos conflitos: das ADR às ODR
Authors: Schneider Luis Otávio 
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo propõe abordar o uso da tecnologia na resolução acordada de conflitos, realizando, inicialmente, uma exposição do postulado do acesso à justiça e do papel dos mecanismos alternativos de resolução (ADR) no Poder Judiciário. Após, passa-se à apreciação do aspecto econômico dos acordos, especialmente dos vieses cognitivos que influenciam em seus resultados. Então é realizada uma análise da experiência oriunda das plataformas privadas de comércio eletrônico, com enfoque na virtualização do tratamento das disputas e no surgimento das ferramentas online de resolução de conflitos (ODR). A partir disso, são explorados alguns exemplos de mecanismos de ODR pelo poder público, e, finalmente, traçando o panorama normativo para a implementação das ODR no sistema judicial brasileiro
Nujuh bulanan Tradition Value For Societies Resilience in Costumary Community Urug Bogor West Java
Authors: Mangunjaya Fachruddin Majeri , Bahagia Bahagia , Wibowo Rimun , Yono Yono 
Published: June 2022

The objective of this research is to investigate Nujuh Bulalanan tradition for resilience societies in customary societies. The method used is ethnography because of research related to societies, cultural, tradition and ritual of the community. Data are collected through in-depth interview with the leader of Urug societies, documentation and observation. The sample is selected using a purposive sampling technique. The result is analysed through triangulation which is mixing some gathering data method. The result is societies of Urug still pursue nujuh bulanan tradition. It can support cultural resilience because tradition from their forefather has not vanished amid globalisation of culture. Another finding is nujuh bulanan support societies resilience through mutual cooperation or mutual assisting. Activity is not the private activity but it is a common activity which is conducted by collective action and individual awareness which impact the collective consciousness. The impact is the societies who they live in the group are more resilience rather than life in an individual trait. The other finding is to create food resilience because local food which has been created by a group of societies can save a person from hunger when they receive local food in temporary periods. Besides, It can protect local traditional of food from extinction because in this tradition, societies typically women must invent local traditional food rather than another sort of food.
Penguatan Dimensi Sosial Keluarga melalui Teknik Reframing untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Problem Solving Kelompok Ibu Rumah Tangga Perumahan Gemilang
Authors: Erni Sukma , Hasgimianti Hasgimianti , Hardani Sofia 
Published: June 2022

Data menunjukkan bahwa tingkat stress pada perempuan yang berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah tangga semakin tinggi setiap tahunnya. Sementara masyarakat masih malu dan menganggap tabu bila mengkomunikasikan masalah keluarga yang dihadapi dengan orang lain. Dampaknya adalah keterpurukan sosio emosional yang dapat menimbulkan penyakit fisik dan psikis. Penelitian tindakan ini dilaksanakan untuk menguatkan kemampuan penyelesaian masalah yang dihadapi oleh ibu rumah tangga melaaui metode refraaming. peneltian tindakan ini melibatkan 25 orang ibu rumah tangga. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan terjadi penguatan emosional yang mempunyai masalah, meningkatnya kemampuan dan keberanian berkomunikasi, merasa tenang dan lebih ceria. Simpulan kegiatan menjelaskan bahwa kegiatan penguatan dimensi sosial dapat membantu meringankan beban masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat.
Perancangan Produk Souvenir Objek Wisata Lubuak pandakian Nagari Sumpur Kudus Kecamatan Sumpur Kudus Kabupaten Sijunjung
Authors: Bahrudin Ahmad , Fernando Ferry , Al-Amien A Fachrizky 
Published: June 2022

Nagari Sumpur Kudus merupan Nagari yang berada di Kec. Sumpur Kudus yang memiliki kekayaan alam yang melimpah juga situs bersejarah bukti perjuangan pahlawan yaitu Tugu PDRI, selain itu juga memiliki objek wisata yang saat ini sedang dikembangkan, dan pembangunann impra strukturnya sedang di kerjakan Adapun dana yang digunakan adalah dana desa, Adapun objek wisata yang sedang dikembangkan adalah air terjun Lubuak pandakian, yang menjadi kendala pengembangan selanjutnya adalah belum adanya produk cenderamata yang menjadi ciri khas objek wisata tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental suatu cara untuk mencari hubungan sebab akibat (hubungan kausal) metode ini digunakan dalam melakukan eksperimen tentang produk souvenir mulai dari pra desain, perancangan desain dan pembuatan prototype. Adapun hasil penelitian berupa beberpa produk hasil perancangan souvenir / cenderamata dalam bentuk mockup digital diharapkan menjadi jawaban atas kebutuhan pendukung bagi objek wisata air terjun Lubuak pandakian, selain sebagai buah tangan bagi wisatawan juga sebagai saraa promosi bagi objek wisata, yang lebih dikenal baik tingkat nasional, maupun internasional, produk yang di hasil kan berupa souvenir.
Qualitative investigation of µ- and κ-opioid receptor distribution in the brains of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)
Authors: Sojka Peter A. , Smith Sayge M. , Greenacre Cheryl B. , Newkirk Kim , Mountain Deidra J. H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To perform a qualitative analysis of the distribution of µ- and κ-opioid receptor mRNA in the forebrain and midbrain of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus).

SAMPLE
8 brains of male budgerigars.

PROCEDURES
Custom-made RNA hybridization probes (RNAscope; Advanced Cell Diagnostics Inc) were used for fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) assays performed on selected fresh frozen prepared sections of brain tissue to identify µ- and κ-opioid receptor mRNA.

RESULTS
There was κ-opioid receptor mRNA present in the nucleus dorsomedialis posterior thalami, lateral striatum, mesopallium, tractus corticohabenularis et corticoseptalis, griseum et fibrosum, stratum griseum centrale, medial striatum, and area parahippocampalis. There was µ-opioid receptor mRNA present in the stratum griseum centrale, stratum opticum, dorsomedialis posterior thalami, area parahippocampalis, medial striatum, and nidopallium intermedium.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Consistent with previous studies in pigeons and domestic chicks, κ-opioid receptors were more abundant than µ-opioid receptors in the samples of the present study. The results of this study may also help explain the hyperexcitability or lack of response that can occur with administration of pure µ-opioid receptor agonists, but not κ-opioid receptor agonists. This study was not quantitative, so further research should endeavor to compare the various regions of the brain using FISH technology.
Biomechanical evaluation of a 4.75-mm and a 5.5-mm bone anchor at two insertion angles using one and two strands of suture
Authors: Salyer Sarah A. , Suber Jonathan T. , Melara Lucia M. , Kieves Nina R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To compare biomechanical strength of 4.75- and 5.5-mm suture anchors when pulled at 45° or 90° angles using 1 versus 2 strands of suture.

SAMPLE
48 synthetic bone block samples.

PROCEDURES
Anchors were inserted into synthetic bone blocks and tested for pullout in 4 configurations (1 suture strand vs 2 strands and 45° vs 90° insertion angle) for a total of 8 groups with 6 samples each. A 3-way ANOVA was used to compare effect of anchor size, strand amount, and angle of pull.

RESULTS
All constructs failed via anchor pullout. Anchor configurations with 2 strands of suture and 4.75-mm anchor (mean, 286 ± 24 N) or 5.5-mm anchor (mean, 300 ± 15 N) had greater pullout strength than configurations with only 1 strand of suture and 4.75-mm anchor (mean, 202 ± 12 N) or 5.5-mm anchor (mean, 286 ± 13.6 N). The 5.5-mm anchors had a higher maximum load to failure under axial pull at 45° (mean, 300 ± 15 N) and 90° (mean, 295 ± 24 N), compared with 4.75-mm anchors at 45° (mean, 202 ± 12 N) and 90° (mean, 208 ± 15 N). There was a higher maximum load to failure for the double-stranded constructs, regardless of anchor size, at both angles of insertion. Anchors inserted at 45° had a higher maximum load to failure than those inserted at 90°. Constructs with 2 strands of suture had a greater pullout strength regardless of the direction of pull.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The strength of the anchor construct is likely increased with the use of double-loaded anchors inserted at 45°. Clinicians should consider using 2 strands in clinical cases.
Kinematics of the equine distal sesamoid (navicular) bone of the thoracic limb
Authors: Elane George L. , Biedrzycki Adam H. , McCarrel Taralyn M. , Banks Scott A. , Morton Alison J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To quantify the translation and angular rotation of the distal sesamoid bone (DSB) using computed tomography (CT) and medical modeling software.

SAMPLE
30 thoracic limbs from equine cadavers.

PROCEDURES
Partial (n = 12), full (8), and matched full and subsequently transected (10) thoracic limbs were collected. Bone volume CT images were acquired in three positions: extension (200° metacarpophalangeal angle), neutral (180°), and maximal flexion (110°). Mean translation and angular rotation of each DSB were recorded. Differences were determined with two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s tests for pairwise comparisons; P value was set at < 0.05.

RESULTS
Dorsal translation was significant during extension (1.4 ± 0.4 mm full limbs and 1.3 ± 0.2 mm partial limbs, P < 0.001). Distal translation was significant during extension (1.9 ± 0.4 mm full and 1.1 ± 0.4 mm partial) and flexion (5.4 ± 0.7 mm full and 6.22 ± 0.6 mm partial, P < 0.001). Rotation was significant (P < 0.001) about the mediolateral axis during extension (17.1° ± 1.4°) and flexion (2.6° ± 1.3°). Translation and rotation of the DSB were significantly different (P < 0.001) between full and partial limbs.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This study provides the first quantification of translation and angular rotation of the DSB within the equine hoof. Partial limbs had significantly reduced movement compared to full limbs, suggesting that transection of flexor tendons alters distal thoracic limb kinematics. Further studies are required to determine if pathologic changes in the podotrochlear apparatus have an impact in clinical lameness outcomes.
Teacher’s Self-regulation in Solving the Problem with Contradiction Information
Authors: Hasanah Sri Indriati , Basri Hasan , Jannah Ukhti Raudhatul , Sa’adiyah Sy Evha Nazalatus , Lanya Harfin 
Published: June 2022

The teacher's self-regulation in solving problems with contradictory information needs to be investigated because this certainly has an impact on students' self-regulation abilities. However, research related to this is still limited. Problem with Contradiction Information (PWCI) is appropriate to view self-regulation. This research is a case study which involved teachers in East Java, Indonesia and already have an educator certificate. There are 24 teachers as participants of this research, 14 females and 10 males. The objectives of this study describe how the teacher's response when completing PWCI and how the teacher's self-regulation when solving PWCI. Data were collected through tests and interviews. The results show that (1) There are two types of teacher responses in completing PWCI, the first type is the teacher who answers the questions directly without checking the provided information, the second type is the teacher who is thorough and cross-checks before working on the questions, (2) The emergence of self-assessment teacher regulation when completing PWCI is divided into four, namely, teacher self-regulation appears at the stage of understanding, implementing, re-checking and does not appear when completing PWCI. Most of the teachers are not aware of the contradictions in the questions given.
Improving learners’ critical thinking and learning engagement through Socratic questioning in Nominal Group Technique
Authors: Lintangsari Alies Poetri , Emaliana Ive , Kusumawardani Irene Nany 
Published: June 2022

Critical thinking is assumed as one of the essential skills in today’s era. One of the ways to foster students’ critical thinking is through discussion that provokes their curiosity. Unfortunately, in the online setting, some studies reported that students face challenges in online discussion. Therefore, teachers should find a way to optimize students’ engagement in online discussions. The Nominal Group Technique (NGT), which this paper argues for proposing a potential way in improving students’ participation and their critical thinking in an online discussion, is less used as a teaching strategy in educational practices. With the integration of Socratic Questioning, this research implemented a pre-experimental method with a one-shot design aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the NGT implementation in Critical Reading Classes conducted online combining both synchronous and asynchronous settings. Pre- and post-tests were implemented in two classes involving 52 students in six meetings. The descriptive statistics and t-test analysis had been implemented to find out the differences in students’ critical thinking skills before and after the NGT implementation. The result showed that there was a significant improvement in students’ critical thinking skills at p0.001, which confirmed that NGT with the integration of Socratic Questioning had a significant effect on the improvement of students’ critical thinking skills in an online context.