bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of diabetes testing for older adults without diabetes in Ontario's nursing homes: A population‐based study
Authors: Chen Jim T. C. , Austin Peter C. , Luo Jin , Campitelli Michael A. , Bronskill Susan E. , Yu Catherine , Rochon Paula A. , Lipscombe Lorraine L. , Lega Iliana C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAsymptomatic diabetes testing may be of limited value for older nursing home residents, but most diabetes guidelines lack upper‐age cutoffs for screening cessation. We evaluated patterns of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum blood glucose (SBG) testing among older residents without diabetes in Ontario, Canada.MethodsThis population‐based retrospective cohort study used provincial health administrative data from ICES to identify older nursing home residents in Ontario without diabetes between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018. We examined HbA1c and glucose testing rates overall, by age, sex, and near end‐of‐life. The number of tests needed to identify one case of diabetes (using HbA1c thresholds of 6.5% and 8.0%) were also calculated.ResultsAmong 102,923 older nursing home residents (70.3% women; average age 85.6 ± SD 7.7 years), 46.1% of residents received ≥1 HbA1c test over an average follow‐up period of 2.15 (± SD 1.49) years, and 18.2% of these tested residents received ≥4 HbA1c tests. The crude HbA1c testing rate was 52.6 tests/100 person‐years (95% CI 52.3–52.9). Testing rates among residents aged ≥80 years was 50.7 HbA1c tests/100 person‐years (95% CI 50.4–51.0), and 47.8 tests/100 person‐years (95% CI 46.5–49.0) among residents near end‐of‐life. The number of tests to identify a case of diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) was 44, while the number of tests to identify a case of actionable diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 8%) was 310. Less than 1% of residents with an HbA1c test met criteria for actionable diabetes.ConclusionsNursing home residents without diabetes receive frequent diabetes testing, with high testing rates even in residents over 80 years old and residents near end‐of‐life. The high number of tests needed to identify a case of actionable diabetes highlights the urgent need to re‐evaluate diabetes testing practices in nursing homes.
Objective and subjective sleep health in adolescence: Associations with puberty and affect
Authors: Kirshenbaum Jaclyn S. , Coury Saché M. , Colich Natalie L. , Manber Rachel , Gotlib Ian H. 
Published: December 2022

SummarySleep health tends to worsen during adolescence, partially due to pubertal‐related changes that, in combination with social and psychological factors, can lead to long‐lasting impairments in sleep health and affective functioning. Discrepant findings between subjective and objective measures of sleep in relation to affect have been reported in studies of adults; however, few investigations have assessed both subjective and objective sleep quality in a single sample, and fewer have examined this in the context of pubertal development. We aimed to (1) characterise pubertal associations with subjective sleep satisfaction, objective sleep efficiency, and objective and subjective sleep duration in adolescents; (2) examine the longitudinal association between daily affect and sleep metrics; and (3) test whether pubertal stage moderated this association. Eighty‐nine participants (64% female, ages 13–20) completed an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and actigraphy protocol. Independent of age, advanced pubertal stage was associated with lower subjective sleep satisfaction but not with objective sleep indices. Subjective sleep satisfaction was associated with within‐person trajectories of negative affect, but not with positive affect. Pubertal stage and sleep satisfaction did not interact to predict within‐day negative or positive affect. These findings are consistent with previous reports showing that objective and subjective sleep health are associated differently with puberty, and that subjective sleep health is associated with daily affect. Pubertal stage may be a more important indicator of subjective sleep quality in adolescence than is chronological age, most likely due to hormonal changes and psychological adjustment to the physical changes associated with the pubertal transition.
Income distribution and economic activity: A frequency domain causal exploration
Authors: Barrales‐Ruiz Jose , von Arnim Rudiger , Mohammed Mikidadu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper contributes to the empirical literature on the Goodwin pattern. Building on the frequency domain representation of SVAR models, we calculate the extended partial directed coherence. This measure captures the contemporaneous effect from labor share onto economic activity. We illustrate the method with simulated data. Results for two‐dimensional models with quarterly US data (1947Q1–2020Q1) between activity proxies (employment rate and output gap) and labor share indicate causal bi‐directional relationships for short and medium run. We estimate an extended model in employment rate, output gap, and labor share, and sub‐samples describing golden age and great moderation separately. Results indicate that the mechanisms underlying the Goodwin pattern have weakened in recent decades.
Differential responses and mechanistic controls of soil phosphorus transformation in Eucalyptus plantations with N fertilization and introduced N2‐fixing tree species
Authors: Yao Xianyu , Hui Dafeng , Hou Enqing , Xiong Junfei , Xing Shuo , Deng Qi 
Published: December 2022

Summary

Introducing N2‐fixing tree species into Eucalyptus plantations could replace nitrogen (N) fertilization to maintain high levels of N consumption and productivity. However, N enrichment may exacerbate phosphorus (P) limitation as Eucalyptus robusta Smith is extensively planted in P‐poor tropical and subtropical soils.

We conducted a field experiment in a pure plantation of Eucalyptus urophylla × grandis to investigate the impacts of N fertilization and introduced an N2‐fixing tree of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen on soil P transformation.

Nitrogen fertilization significantly enhanced soil occluded P pool and reduced the other P pools due to acidification‐induced pH‐sensitive geochemical processes, lowering Eucalyptus leaf P concentration with higher N : P ratio. By contrast, introduced N2‐fixing tree species did not change soil pH, labile inorganic P pool, and Eucalyptus leaf N : P ratio, even enhanced organic P pools and reduced occluded P pool probably due to altering microbial community composition particularly stimulating arbuscular mycorrhiza fungal abundance.

Our results revealed differential responses and mechanistic controls of soil P transformation in Eucalyptus plantations with N fertilization and introduced N2‐fixing tree species. The dissolution of occluded P pool along with organic P accumulation observed in the mixed plantations may represent a promising future to better manage soil P availability.
MYB30 integrates light signals with antioxidant biosynthesis to regulate plant responses during postsubmergence recovery
Authors: Xie Li‐Juan , Wang Jian‐Hong , Liu Hui‐Shan , Yuan Li‐Bing , Tan Yi‐Fang , Tan Wei‐Juan , Zhou Ying , Chen Qin‐Fang , Qi Hua , Li Jian‐Feng , Chen Yue‐Qin , Qiu Rong‐Liang , Chen Mo‐Xian , Xiao Shi 
Published: December 2022

Summary

Submergence is an abiotic stress that limits agricultural production world‐wide. Plants sense oxygen levels during submergence and postsubmergence reoxygenation and modulate their responses. Increasing evidence suggests that completely submerged plants are often exposed to low‐light stress, owing to the depth and turbidity of the surrounding water; however, how light availability affects submergence tolerance remains largely unknown.

Here, we showed that Arabidopsis thaliana MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN30 (MYB30) is an important transcription factor that integrates light signaling and postsubmergence stress responses.

MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN30 protein abundance decreased upon submergence and accumulated during reoxygenation. Under submergence conditions, CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), a central regulator of light signaling, caused the ubiquitination and degradation of MYB30. In response to desubmergence, however, light‐induced MYB30 interacted with MYC2, a master transcription factor involved in jasmonate signaling, and activated the expression of the VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE1 (VTC1) and GLUTATHIONE SYNTHETASE1 (GSH1) gene families to enhance antioxidant biosynthesis. Consistent with this, the myb30 knockout mutant showed increased sensitivity to submergence, which was partially rescued by overexpression of VTC1 or GSH1.

Thus, our findings uncover the mechanism by which the COP1‐MYB30 module integrates light signals with cellular oxidative homeostasis to coordinate plant responses to postsubmergence stress.
Mining Potential Drug Targets for Osteoporosis Based on CeRNA Network
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zhang Xiao‐fei , Wang Mao‐peng , Yan Shuo , Dai Zheng‐xu , Qian Qing‐hang , Zhao Jie , Ma Xin‐long , Li Bing , Liu Jun 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo identify key pathological hub genes, micro RNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) of osteoporosis (OP) and construct their ceRNA network in an effort to explore the potential biomarkers and drug targets for OP therapy.MethodsGSE7158, GSE201543, and GSE161361 microarray datasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparing OP patients with healthy controls and hub genes were screened by machine learning algorithms. Target miRNAs and circRNAs were predicted by FunRich and circbank, then ceRNA network were constructed by Cytoscape. Pathways affecting OP were identified by functional enrichment analysis. The hub genes were verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and real time quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR). Potential drug molecules related to OP were predicted by DSigDB database and molecular docking was analyzed by autodock vina software.ResultsA total of 179 DEGs were identified. By combining three machine learning algorithms, BAG2, MME, SLC14A1, and TRIM44 were identified as hub genes. Three OP‐associated target miRNAs and 362 target circRNAs were predicted to establish ceRNA network. The ROC curves showed that these four hub genes had good diagnostic performance and their differential expression was statistically significant in OP animal model. Benzo[a]pyrene was predicted which could successfully bind to protein receptors related to the hub genes and it was served as the potential drug molecules.ConclusionAn mRNA‐miRNA‐circRNA network is reported, which provides new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of OP. Benzo[a]pyrene, as potential drug molecules for OP, may provide guidance for the clinical treatment.
Diagenetic formation of stevensite by replacement of diatom frustules in the sediments of the alkaline Lake Alchichica (Mexico)
Authors: Muller Elodie , Rapin William , Caumartin Jeanne , Jézéquel Didier , De Wever Alexis , Thomazo Christophe , Havas Robin , López‐García Purificación , Moreira David , Tavera Rozaluz , Benzerara Karim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBetter understanding the conditions of formation of authigenic Mg‐silicates and their reactivity is key to interpret the palaeoenvironmental message carried by the sedimentary record and evaluate the effect of reverse weathering, a process involved in long‐term climate evolution. Microbialites from most alkaline crater lakes in Mexico contain Mg‐silicates except those in Lake Alchichica, where concentration of orthosilicic acid is low (<26 μm). This study investigated the first metre of sediments in Lake Alchichica in order to check how their mineralogy compared with that of shoreline microbialites. The mineralogy and chemistry of the sediment column were determined, together with the pore water chemistry, providing insights on the processes occurring during early diagenesis. Below ca 3 cm in depth, diatom frustules are progressively pseudomorphized into Al‐poor Mg‐silicates with a composition corresponding to stevensite. This diagenetic process is massive and the resulting silicate represents between 30 and 53 wt.% of the sediment content at all depths. This observation questions the possibility to infer lake palaeochemistry from the presence/absence of Mg‐silicates in the sedimentary record. Moreover, it allowed refinement of the conditions under which Mg‐silicates authigenesis occurs: the saturation of the solution should be higher or equal to the solubility of a Mg‐silicate phase close to that of ‘amorphous sepiolite’. Although the solubility of authigenic silicates is a key parameter of reverse weathering modelling during geological times, it is still debated. In this study, a solubility constant deduced from a natural system is proposed that should be considered when modelling the formation of Mg‐silicates in a natural environment. The proportion of reverse weathering associated with this solubility constant could be higher than previously predicted based on experiments and thus have a greater impact on climate stability over geological timescales.
First, do no harm. Ethical and legal issues of artificial intelligence and machine learning in veterinary radiology and radiation oncology
Authors: Cohen Eli B. , Gordon Ira K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractArtificial Intelligence and machine learning are novel technologies that will change the way veterinary medicine is practiced. Exactly how this change will occur is yet to be determined, and, as is the nature with disruptive technologies, will be difficult to predict. Ushering in this new tool in a conscientious way will require knowledge of the terminology and types of AI as well as forward thinking regarding the ethical and legal implications within the profession. Developers as well as end users will need to consider the ethical and legal components alongside functional creation of algorithms in order to foster acceptance and adoption, and most importantly to prevent patient harm. There are key differences in deployment of these technologies in veterinary medicine relative to human healthcare, namely our ability to perform euthanasia, and the lack of regulatory validation to bring these technologies to market. These differences along with others create a much different landscape than AI use in human medicine, and necessitate proactive planning in order to prevent catastrophic outcomes, encourage development and adoption, and protect the profession from unnecessary liability. The authors offer that deploying these technologies prior to considering the larger ethical and legal implications and without stringent validation is putting the AI cart before the horse, and risks putting patients and the profession in harm's way.
EXPERIMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE IN BANGLADESH CONTEXT
Authors: Shuvo Raisul Islam , Mostak Md. Mehrab Mostak , Sarkar Razesh Kanti , Chowdhury Sharmin Reza 
Published: December 2022

Due to the deterioration of existing structures and the replacement of numerous low-rise buildings with comparatively high-rise ones, the amount of demolished concrete in Bangladesh is increasing. One of the major challenges of our present society is to construct environmental friendly sustainable structures with low-cost technology. Reusing concrete in the form of aggregate would lead to environmental and economical benefits. The research covers experimental work on Particle size distribution by sieve analysis, Fineness modulus, Specific Gravity, Water absorption, Bulk density, and percent void of recycled coarse aggregate. The goal of this study is to measure the compressive strength of recycled aggregates as a substitute for coarse aggregate. For this reason, several important experiments like a) slump test of concrete, b) compressive strength of cylinder concrete specimen are performed. Here, brick aggregates are used as coarse aggregate, the water-cement ratio (0.4) is kept the same, and 30%, 50%, and 70% natural aggregate are replaced by the same percentage of recycled aggregate without any admixture. The result shows that the compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) with 30% replacement of natural aggregate by recycled aggregate is near to the compressive strength of natural aggregate concrete (NAC). It is found that the specific gravity and bulk density of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) are 2.07 and 1163-1245 kg/m3 respectively which is significantly smaller than Natural Aggregate (NA). Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is discovered to have a larger percentage of pore volume and water absorption capacity than natural aggregate (NA), measuring around 13% and 36% respectively. The aggregate properties used in this research are in an acceptable range compared to other researchers.
School-based obesity prevention programs in rural communities: a scoping review
Authors: Lim Crystal S. , Robinson Jennifer , Hinton Elizabeth , Gordy Xiaoshan Z. , Gamble Abigail , Compretta Caroline , Holmes Megan E. , Ravola Martha 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
The objective of this review was to examine existing literature and conceptually map the evidence for school-based obesity prevention programs implemented in rural communities, as well as identify current gaps in the literature.

Introduction:
Pediatric obesity is a significant public health condition worldwide. Rural residency places children at increased risk of obesity. Schools have been identified as an avenue for obesity prevention in rural communities.

Inclusion criteria:
We considered citations focused on children (5 to 18 years of age) enrolled in a rural educational setting. We included obesity prevention programs delivered in rural schools that focused on nutrition or dietary changes, physical activity or exercise, decreasing screen time, or combined nutrition and physical activity that aimed to prevent childhood obesity. We included all quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research designs, as well as text and opinion data.

Methods:
A search was conducted of published and unpublished studies in English from 1990 through April 2020 using PubMed, CINAHL Complete, ERIC, Embase, Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Gray literature was also searched. After title and abstract review, potentially relevant citations were retrieved in full text. The full texts were assessed in detail against the inclusion criteria by 2 independent reviewers. Included citations were reviewed and data extracted by 2 independent reviewers and captured on a spreadsheet targeting the review objectives.

Results:
Of the 105 studies selected for full-text review, 72 (68.6%) were included in the final study. Most of the studies (n = 50) were published between 2010 and 2019 and were conducted in the United States (n = 57). Most studies included children in rural elementary or middle schools (n = 57) and targeted obesity prevention (n = 67). Teachers implemented the programs in half of the studies (n = 36). Most studies included a combination of physical activity and nutrition components (n = 43). Other studies focused solely on nutrition (n = 9) or physical activity (n = 9), targeted obesity prevention policies (n = 9), or other components (n = 8). Programs ranged in length from weeks to years. Overall, weight-related, physical activity–specific, and nutrition-specific outcomes were most commonly examined in the included citations.

Conclusions:
Obesity prevention programs that focused on a combination of physical activity and nutrition were the most common. Multiple outcomes were examined, but most programs included weight-specific and health behavior–specific outcomes. The length and intensity of rural school-based obesity prevention programs varied. More research examining scientific rigor and specific outcomes of rural school-based obesity prevention programs is needed.
Behavior of Synthetic Phenolic-Resin Adhesives in Plywood Under Alternating Stresses
Authors: Dietz A. G. H. , Grinsfelder Henry 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Because plywood is being used in ever-increasing quantities in the construction of aircraft and boats of many types, it is essential to know the effect upon this material of vibrating loads. Hence whether failure occurs in the wood or in the adhesive under repeated stress, what allowable stresses may be applied, and what the fatigue limit may be, are questions which the engineer must be prepared to answer. The present paper gives the results of a research program covering the behavior of plywood and laminated wood bonded with synthetic phenolic-resin adhesives, undergoing alternating stress, in the unweathered and weathered conditions, and at high and low temperatures. This is a continuation of a previous report, which presented some findings with respect to fatigue behavior of plywood and laminated wood under alternating stresses.
Relation of Surface-Roughness Readings to Actual Surface Profile
Authors: Tarasov L. P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Studies of surface finish have shown the desirability of relating profilometer roughness readings to actual peak-to-valley distances of the type that a micrometer measures. Approximate multiplying factors for converting profilometer readings into peak-to-valley roughness have been obtained from taper sections of a variety of abrasive-finished steel surfaces with profilometer roughness in the range of 1 to 100 microinches rms. For cylindrical ground surfaces, the factor can be taken as about 4½; for other types of fixed-abrasive finishes, as 6 or 7; and for loose-abrasive-lapped surfaces, as 10. These are mean values and individual factors may deviate by as much as one third of the mean value. The factors quoted give values for “predominant peak” roughness; they should be doubled to obtain “deepest maximum” roughness, this being a second way of describing the peak-to-valley roughness. No evidence was found of any increase in the factor for a given type of finish with a decrease in the profilometer roughness, even for the finest surfaces studied.
Influence of Applying Cutting Fluids at Different Temperatures When Turning Steel
Authors: Boston O. W. , Gilbert W. W. , McKee R. E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the results of an investigation to determine the influence on cutting speed, tool life, chip formation, and other pertinent factors, of a cutting fluid applied at each of several different constant temperatures, ranging from 55 F to 150 F. A sulphurized mineral oil and an emulsion, consisting of 1 part soluble oil and 20 parts water, were used as cutting fluids.
Embrittlement Cracking in Waters Containing Potassium Salts
Authors: Berk A. A. , Rogers N. E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
On behalf of Subcommittee No. 6 of the Joint Research Committee on Boiler Feedwater Studies, the embrittlement characteristics of waters containing potassium-hydroxide alkalinity have been studied. The embrittlement detector was used to test dilute solutions in the range of concentrations encountered in boiler operation. The effect of potassium-hydroxide solutions on stressed steel was also determined with concentrated solutions in a tension-testing device. It was found that potassium-hydroxide solutions could cause intercrystalline cracking of stressed steel. At 250 C a small concentration of silica in the solutions greatly accelerated the attack. Potassium nitrate and quebracho extract both proved to be effective inhibitors. No cracks were obtained with solutions of pure tripotassium phosphate, potassium metasilicate, or potassium disilicate, indicating that these alkaline potassium salts would not cause embrittlement cracking of boiler seams. Potassium hydroxide is therefore very similar to sodium hydroxide with respect to embrittlement.