bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of evidence of prevention and management of facial pressure injuries in medical staff
Authors: Su Honghong , Lv Qian , Kong Yue , Zeng Huiling , Zhou Wenguang , Zhu Fangfang , Xu Baoling , Zhou Qijun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThis systematic review evaluated the quality of evidence for the prevention and management of facial pressure injuries in medical staff.DesignThis review was presented in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines.MethodsWe retrieved the relevant studies from 19 databases. Using the literature evaluation standards and evidence grading system of the Australian Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence‐Based Health Care Center, we evaluated the quality of the literature encompassing different types of research and assessed their levels of evidence.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included, including seven expert consensuses, two recommended practices, one clinical decision, one best practice information booklet, one systematic review and one randomized controlled trial. In the end, 31 best evidence were summarized, including skin cleaning and care, PPE placement and movement, reasonable use of dressings, treatment measures and education and training.
Positive affect and job performance in psychiatric nurses: A moderated mediation analysis
Authors: Ma Xiucheng , Wu Dongmei , Hou Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsThe aims of this research were (a) to determine if job satisfaction plays an intermediary role between positive affect and job performance; (b) to explore whether the mediating process of positive affect affecting job performance through job satisfaction is moderated by the work seniority of psychiatric nurses.DesignA questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional study.MethodsFrom January 2021 to May 2022, a total of 328 psychiatric nurses were recruited through online advertisements. Data regarding positive affect, job satisfaction, work seniority and job performance were obtained through survey questionnaires. The moderated mediation model was examined in this study utilizing the SPSS (Version 26.0) macro process 3.3, with job satisfaction as the mediation variable and work seniority as the moderation variable.ResultsJob performance and job satisfaction were both positively connected with positive affect, while job satisfaction was favourably correlated with job performance. Job satisfaction played a part mediating role between positive affect and job performance, with an effect value of 0.10, accounting for 22.22% of the total effect. And work seniority moderated the second half of the mediating process.ConclusionPositive affect positively affected job performance through two paths, directly or indirectly. Part of the intermediate role of job satisfaction between positive affect and job performance is regulated by seniority; that is, work seniority buffered the positive effect of positive affect on job performance.ImpactThis study revealed how positive affect works and elaborated the conditions to play a role, which greatly enriched the content of positive psychology and had important significance for deepening and expanding the relationship between positive affect and job performance. It also provided a reference for nursing managers to implement humanized management, build a high‐performance psychiatric nurse team and promote the long‐term development of psychiatric hospitals.Patient or public contributionThree hundred and twenty‐eight psychiatric nurses participated in the questionnaire. Trained staff were involved in data collection.
First evidence of hunting a tiger in the Early Eneolithic of the foothill zone of the Kopet Dagh
Authors: Kasparov Aleksei K. , Solov'yova Natalia F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring excavations of the settlement‐site Ilgynly‐Depe in Southeastern Turkmenistan, for the first time, since investigations began in 1986, the remains of tiger were found. Two bones of this large predator were found in layers dated to the beginning of the third millennium BC. Among the bones that were found are the proximal part of the third hind metapodium and the second hind phalanx, possibly from the third digit of the hind leg. Characteristic cuts from skinning of an animal are on the second phalanx. This is the first evidence of hunting of large felid predators in the Chalcolithic time in South Turkmenistan.
Body surface area is a potential obesity index: Its genetic determination and its causality for later‐life diseases
Authors: Yu Xing‐Hao , Cao Rong‐Rong , Yang Yi‐Qun , Deng Fei‐Yan , Bo Lin , Lei Shu‐Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to identify novel genetic factors that contribute to body surface area (BSA) and explore its relationship with complex traits and diseases.MethodsBased on more than 330,000 European individuals in the UK Biobank, the first large‐scale genome‐wide association study for BSA was performed. Comprehensive genetic analysis and enrichment analysis were then performed to explore the biological function of the identified loci. The genetic correlations and causal associations between BSA and other anthropometry parameters, early growth indices, and later‐life diseases, respectively, were assessed by complex genetic approaches.ResultsGenome‐wide association study analysis identified a total of 456 conditionally independent single‐nucleotide polymorphism mapping genes with known functions in the regulation of adipogenesis and metabolism and enriched in adipogenesis‐related pathways. BSA was highly genetically correlated with obesity phenotypes, and all the studied anthropometry parameters from the UK Biobank were significantly positively associated with BSA. BSA was phenotypically associated with 13 chronic diseases and genetically associated with 6 diseases. Mendelian randomization analyses showed that BSA has a causal effect in increasing the risk of some diseases.ConclusionsThese findings increase understanding of genetic determinants for BSA and its relationship with complex traits and diseases, and BSA could be regarded as a potential obesity trait.
FSTL3 is highly expressed in adipose tissue of individuals with overweight or obesity and is associated with inflammation
Authors: Li Xiaoya , Zhang Hongwei , Ma Xiaojing , Wang Yufei , Han Xiaodong , Yang Ying , Yu Haoyong , Bao Yuqian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the expression of follistatin‐like 3 (FSTL3) in adipose tissue in individuals with overweight or obesity and to explore the role of FSTL3 in human adipocytes, as well as the relationship between serum FSTL3 levels and fat distribution and inflammation.MethodsThis study enrolled 236 individuals (171 with overweight or obesity; aged 18–67 years). Bulk transcriptome sequencing was performed on subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. The function of FSTL3 was studied in human adipocytes. Serum FSTL3 levels were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsAdipose FTSL3 expression was higher in individuals with overweight or obesity than in individuals with normal weight. FSTL3 was mainly expressed in mature adipocytes and stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). FSTL3 suppressed inflammatory responses in human adipocytes, whereas FSTL3 knockdown promoted inflammatory responses. Serum FSTL3 levels were correlated with adipose FTSL3 expression and obesity‐related indicators (all p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum FSTL3 levels were independently associated with the visceral fat area and serum TNFα levels (both p < 0.05).ConclusionsFSTL3 was highly expressed in adipose tissue in individuals with overweight or obesity and could suppress adipocyte inflammation. Serum FSTL3 levels might be considered as a biomarker of visceral obesity and inflammation.
The efficacy of GLP‐1RAs for the management of postprandial hypoglycemia following bariatric surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Llewellyn David C. , Logan Ellis Hugh , Aylwin Simon J. B. , Oštarijaš Eduard , Green Shauna , Sheridan William , Chew Nicholas W. S. , le Roux Carel W. , Miras Alexander D. , Patel Ameet G. , Vincent Royce P. , Dimitriadis Georgios K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivePostprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with neuroglycopenia is an increasingly recognized complication of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass and gastric sleeve surgery that may detrimentally affect patient quality of life. One likely causal factor is glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1), which has an exaggerated rise following ingestion of carbohydrates after bariatric surgery. This paper sought to assess the role of GLP‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) in managing postprandial hypoglycemia following bariatric surgery.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), ClinicalTrials.gov, and Scopus were systematically and critically appraised for all peer‐reviewed publications that suitably fulfilled the inclusion criteria established a priori. This systematic review was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses Protocols (PRISMA‐P). It followed methods outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; identifier CRD420212716429).Results and ConclusionsPostprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia remains a notoriously difficult to manage metabolic complication of bariatric surgery. This first, to the authors' knowledge, systematic review presents evidence suggesting that use of GLP‐1RAs does not lead to an increase of hypoglycemic episodes, and, although this approach may appear counterintuitive, the findings suggest that GLP‐1RAs could reduce the number of postprandial hypoglycemic episodes and improve glycemic variability.
Metabolically favorable adiposity and bone mineral density: a Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Bland Victoria L. , Bea Jennifer W. , Going Scott B. , Yaghootkar Hanieh , Arora Amit , Ramadan Ferris , Funk Janet L. , Chen Zhao , Klimentidis Yann C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis analysis assessed the putative causal association between genetically predicted percent body fat and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and, more specifically, the association between genetically predicted metabolically “favorable adiposity” (MFA) and aBMD at clinically relevant bone sites.MethodsMendelian randomization was used to assess the relationship of MFA and percent body fat with whole‐body, lumbar spine, femoral neck, and forearm aBMD. Sex‐stratified and age‐stratified exploratory analyses were conducted.ResultsIn all MR analyses, genetically predicted MFA was inversely associated with aBMD for the whole body (β = −0.053, p = 0.0002), lumbar spine (β = −0.075; p = 0.0001), femoral neck (β = −0.045; p = 0.008), and forearm (β = −0.115; p = 0.001). This negative relationship was strongest in older individuals and did not differ by sex. The relationship between genetically predicted percent body fat and aBMD was nonsignificant across all Mendelian randomization analyses. Several loci that were associated at a genome‐wide significance level (p < 5 × 10−8) in opposite directions with body fat and aBMD measures were also identified.ConclusionsThis study did not support the hypothesis that MFA protects against low aBMD. Instead, it showed that MFA may result in lower aBMD. Further research is needed to understand how MFA affects aBMD and other components of bone health such as bone turnover, bone architecture, and osteoporotic fractures.
The efficacy of morning versus evening exercise for weight loss: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Brooker Paige G. , Gomersall Sjaan R. , King Neil A. , Leveritt Michael D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of morning versus evening exercise on weight loss, cardiometabolic health, and components of energy balance.MethodsA total of 100 inactive adults with overweight or obesity were randomized to morning exercise (AMEx; 06:00–09:00), evening exercise (PMEx; 16:00–19:00), or wait‐list control (CON). AMEx and PMEx were prescribed 250 min·wk−1 of self‐paced aerobic exercise for 12 weeks. Anthropometry and body composition, physical activity, and dietary intake were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2peak), resting metabolic rate, and blood markers were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. Body composition and V̇O2peak were also measured at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up.ResultsAMEx and PMEx lost weight during the intervention (mean [SD], AMEx, −2.7 [2.5] kg, p < 0.001; PMEx, −3.1 [3.4] kg, p < 0.001). V̇O2peak significantly increased in both intervention groups, and these changes were different from CON (AMEx, +4.7 mL·kg−1·min−1, p = 0.034; PMEx, +4.2 mL·kg−1·min−1, p = 0.045). There were no between‐group differences for resting metabolic rate or physical activity. At 12 weeks, total energy intake was significantly reduced in both AMEx and PMEx versus CON (AMEx, −3974 kJ, p < 0.001; PMEx, −3165 kJ, p = 0.001).ConclusionsAdults with overweight and obesity experience modest weight loss in response to an exercise program, but there does not appear to be an optimal time to exercise.
Semaglutide for cardiovascular event reduction in people with overweight or obesity: SELECT study baseline characteristics
Authors: Lingvay Ildiko , Brown‐Frandsen Kirstine , Colhoun Helen M. , Deanfield John , Emerson Scott S. , Esbjerg Sille , Hardt‐Lindberg Søren , Hovingh G. Kees , Kahn Steven E. , Kushner Robert F. , Lincoff A. Michael , Marso Steven P. , Fries Tea Monk , Plutzky Jorge , Ryan Donna H. ,   the SELECT Study Group
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis paper describes the baseline characteristics of the Semaglutide Effects on Heart Disease and Stroke in Patients with Overweight or Obesity (SELECT) study, one of the largest cardiovascular (CV) outcome studies in the field of obesity, which evaluates the effect of semaglutide versus placebo on major CV events.MethodsSELECT enrolled individuals with overweight or obesity without diabetes, with prior myocardial infarction, stroke, and/or peripheral artery disease. This study reports participants' baseline characteristics in the full study population and subgroups defined by baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; <5.7%, ≥5.7 to <6.0%, ≥6.0 to <6.5%), baseline waist to height ratio tertile, and qualifying prior CV event or condition.ResultsThe study enrolled 17,605 participants (72.5% male) with an average (SD) age of 61.6 (8.9) years and BMI of 33.34 (5.04) kg/m2. The most common prior CV event was myocardial infarction (76.3% of participants), followed by stroke (23.3%) and peripheral artery disease (8.6%). Furthermore, 24.3% had a heart failure diagnosis. Two‐thirds of participants (66%) had HbA1c in the prediabetes range (5.7%‐6.4%). Across groups of increasing HbA1c, prevalence of all CV risk factors increased.ConclusionsThe enrolled population in SELECT includes participants across a broad range of relevant risk categories. This will allow the study to garner information about the CV benefits of semaglutide across these relevant clinical subgroups.
Real‐world effectiveness of the Bright Bodies healthy lifestyle intervention for childhood obesity
Authors: Samuels Stephanie L. , Hu Pamela , Maciejewski Kaitlin R. , Li Fangyong , Dziura James , Savoye Mary , Sharifi Mona 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the extent to which Bright Bodies, a high‐intensity, family‐based pediatric weight management intervention, improved BMI for participants since publication of the randomized controlled trial establishing efficacy in 2007 and to describe adaptations to the program.MethodsFor participants enrolled from 2008 to 2018, linear mixed‐effects models were used to estimate monthly change in BMI expressed as percentage of the 95th percentile (%BMIp95) during participants' first beginner‐level program.ResultsThe sample included 396 youth individuals (mean age: 11.7  [SD 2.8] years, 61.6% female, 37.1% non‐Hispanic Black, 26.3% Hispanic or Latino, 53.8% with public insurance, 80.1% with severe obesity). Across the 11 years, participants' %BMIp95 reduced on average by 1.63% (95% CI: 1.44%‐1.82%) per month during their first program (mean duration: 10 weeks) after adjusting for age, sex, season and year, starting %BMIp95, race and ethnicity, and insurance category. Greater reduction in %BMIp95 was associated with male versus female sex, spring/fall versus winter seasons, enrollment in 2008 to 2018 versus 2015 to 2018, and higher starting %BMIp95 (p value for all <0.001). Adaptations since 2007 included pragmatic changes to increase engagement and address funding shortages.ConclusionsThese results suggest sustained clinical effectiveness of Bright Bodies in the context of real‐world adaptations.
How we approach transfusions in a patient with high risk of alloimmunization from McLeod phenotype
Authors: Addams Joel , Hasan Rida A. , Saifee Nabiha H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMcLeod phenotype—caused by the missing Xk protein—is a very rare red cell phenotype, one characteristic of McLeod syndrome, and sometimes associated with X‐linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). Diagnosis of McLeod phenotype is important for appropriate transfusion management, because red blood cells from all healthy donors will have the Xk protein with its Kx antigen and can lead to red cell antibody formation without the ability to find compatible McLeod phenotype blood for transfusion. We offer a review and approach to diagnosis of the McLeod phenotype and special transfusion considerations.
A nationwide survey of late effects in survivors of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia in Japan
Authors: Ozono Shuichi , Sakashita Kazuo , Yoshida Nao , Kakuda Harumi , Watanabe Kenichiro , Maeda Miho , Ishida Yasushi , Manabe Atsushi , Taga Takashi , Muramatsu Hideki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe conducted a cross‐sectional study using a questionnaire to explore the late effects in survivors of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). The attending pediatric hematologists/oncologists completed the questionnaires. Of the 30 survivors, approximately 83% showed more than one late effect. The identified late effects included endocrine, dental, skin, ophthalmologic, musculoskeletal, pulmonary, neurocognitive, and cardiovascular dysfunction. The prevalence of short stature, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and nephrological complications was significantly elevated among survivors who were 12 years or more lapsed after HSCT. Therefore, a multidisciplinary follow‐up system for survivors of JMML is crucial.
Polylactide cocrystals and gels
Authors: Praveena N. M. , Akhila N. S. , Gowd E. Bhoje 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSynthetic biodegradable polyesters have emerged as an alternative to conventional petroleum‐derived polymers for a diverse range of applications. Among these, polylactides are the most commercially successful biodegradable polymers. The presence of stereoregular chains makes poly(l‐lactide) (PLLA) and poly(d‐lactide) (PDLA) semicrystalline. The blending of enantiomeric PLLA and PDLA resulted in the stereocomplex formation due to non‐covalent interactions of enantiomeric chains. PLLA exhibits different crystalline forms depending on the crystallization conditions with different chain conformations, as well as different chain packing structures. PLLA and its blend with PDLA are known to form cocrystals with certain solvents. This review focuses mainly on the recent progress in understanding the cocrystal formation, polymorphic phase transitions of these cocrystals, gelation mechanism and stereocomplex formation in blend gels of polylactides.
A theoretical evaluation for new fused remote N‐heterocyclic silylenes (RNHSis) using density functional theory
Authors: Ghaghaei Masoud , Babazadeh Mirzaagha , Behmagham Farnaz , Edjlali Ladan , Vessally Esmail 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this research, we compare and contrast the stability, polarity, polarizability, band gap, and global reactivity of singlet (s) and triplet (t) fused benzene N‐heterocyclic silylene (1‐s and 1‐t) along with five numbered congeners (2x‐s, and 2x‐t, x = CH2, SiH2, GeH2, NH, PH, AsH, O, S, and Se) at DFT (density functional theory). All singlet and triplet remote N‐heterocyclic silylenes (RNHSis) appear as minima showing positive force constant. Every singlet RNHSi emerges as ground state and exhibits more stability than its corresponding triplet RNHSi. In going from 1‐s to 2x‐s species, the thermodynamic and kinetic stability is increased, so that higher ΔEs‐t (= Et − Es) and higher band gap or ΔEHOMO–LUMO (=ELUMO − EHOMO) is considered for 2CH2‐s, 2NH‐s, and 2O‐s structures. In going from second row to forth row of every group in the periodic table, electronegativity of heteroatoms have pronounced effect on the stability, polarity, polarizability, and band gap of 2x‐s species. These silylenes show more stability than the synthesized silylene by Kira. Every 2x‐t silylene shows higher nucleophilicity (about 1.6 times) than its corresponding 2x‐s analogous. Every singlet RNHSi reveals lower nucleophilicity (N), higher electrophilicity (ω), chemical potential (μ), and global hardness (η) than its triplet congener. Furthermore, 2x‐s silylenes benefit from stabilization effect of two heteroatoms synchronously in the fused five‐membered ring via mesomeric effect and π donation from the lone pairs of heteroatom to the formally vacant 3p orbital of the silylenic center. Hence, we predict higher stability as well as lower global reactivity of RNHSis than Kira's silylene will make them creditable for the synthetic research.
A theoretical study of solvent effect on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer of 3‐hydroxyflavone
Authors: Lv Guangshen , Li Chaozheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn order to study the effect of solvents polarity on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) processes of 3‐hydroxyflavone (3HF) in detail, the ESIPT processes of 3HF in toluene, dichloromethane (DCM), and acetonitrile (ACN) were investigated using theoretical methods. The stable configurations of 3HF in ground (S0) and excited (S1) states were optimized. The critical configuration parameters, infrared (IR) vibrational spectra, absorption and fluorescence spectra, frontier molecular orbitals (MOs), charge distribution, and potential energy curves were calculated. The intramolecular hydrogen bonds are obviously enhanced and the electronic density redistributes when excited to S1 state. The strengthening of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and the redistribution of electronic density are beneficial to the ESIPT processes. The analysis of potential energy curves show that the proton transfer processes are feasible in thermodynamics in S1 state, but not in S0 state. In addition, the intramolecular hydrogen bonds gradually weaken when the solvents polarity increases from toluene, DCM to ACN. As the solvents polarity increases, the ESIPT processes are more and more difficult to occur. It can be concluded that the strength of intramolecular hydrogen bonds will be affected by the solvents polarity, and the strength of intramolecular hydrogen bonds are directly related to the difficulty of the ESIPT processes.