bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hesperetin Inhibits Sphingosylphosphorylcholine-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction by Regulating the Fyn/Rho-Kinase Pathway
Authors: Lu Qian , Kishi Hiroko , Zhang Ying , Morita Tomoka , Kobayashi Sei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. We have previously found that sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) is the key molecule leading to vasospasm. We have also identified the SPC/Src family protein tyrosine kinase Fyn/Rho-kinase (ROK) pathway as a novel signaling pathway for Ca2+ sensitization of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) contraction. This study aimed to investigate whether hesperetin can inhibit the SPC-induced contraction with little effect on 40 mM K+-induced Ca2+-dependent contraction and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Hesperetin significantly inhibited the SPC-induced contraction of porcine coronary artery smooth muscle strips with little effect on 40 mM K+-induced contraction. Hesperetin blocked the SPC-induced translocation of Fyn and ROK from the cytosol to the membrane in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs). SPC decreased the phosphorylation level of Fyn at Y531 in both VSMs and HCASMCs and increased the phosphorylation levels of Fyn at Y420, myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 at T853, and myosin light chain (MLC) at S19 in both VSMs and HCASMCs, which were significantly suppressed by hesperetin. Our results indicate that hesperetin inhibits the SPC-induced contraction at least in part by suppressing the Fyn/ROK pathway, suggesting that hesperetin can be a novel drug to prevent and treat vasospasm.
Levosimendan and Continuous Outpatient Support With Inotropes in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure: A Single-Centre Descriptive Study
Authors: Yeung Timothy , Dagan Misha , Lankaputhra Malanka , Cieslik Luke , Warner Victoria , Leet Angeline , Hare James L. , Bergin Peter , Taylor Andrew J. , Kaye David M. , Patel Hitesh C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
To describe the use of levosimendan in a quaternary referral center with a dedicated heart failure service and compare its efficacy and safety to continuous outpatient support with inotropes (COSI) among patients with advanced heart failure (AHF) who require bridge-to-decision (BTD) or bridge-to-transplant (BTT) therapy. This study was a retrospective, single-center, descriptive study of patients with AHF who received either a single levosimendan infusion or COSI between 2018 and 2021. A total of 23 patients received a levosimendan infusion, and 14 were started on COSI. Three indications for levosimendan were identified: (1) to facilitate weaning of continuous inotropes, (2) to augment diuresis in cardiorenal syndrome, and (3) as first-line therapy for cardiogenic shock in selected patients. Eighty-three percent (19 of 23) of patients who received levosimendan survived to discharge, and there were few clinically significant adverse events. Overall survival at 12 months among patients who received levosimendan was 74%. No statistically significant difference in survival was observed at 12 months (P = 0.68) or beyond (P = 0.63) between patients who received levosimendan and were discharged with a plan for BTD or BTT and those who received COSI. Levosimendan is a safe and effective short-term therapy in AHF and offers comparable long-term survival to COSI in patients who require BTD or BTT therapy.
A Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Analog Protects Mitochondria and Attenuates Hypoxia–Reoxygenation Injury in Cultured Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Kobara Miyuki , Toba Hiroe , Nakata Tetsuo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogs improve glycemic control in diabetes and protect the heart against ischemia–reperfusion injury. However, the mechanisms underlying this protection remain unclear. Mitochondria are essential for myocyte homeostasis. Therefore, we herein examined the effects of a GLP-1 analog on mitochondria after the hypoxia–reoxygenation of rat neonatal cultured cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia for 5 hours followed by reoxygenation for 30 minutes in the presence or absence of exendin-4 (50 nmol/L), a GLP-1 analog. Hypoxia–reoxygenation increased lactate dehydrogenase and caspase-3 activities, indicators of lethal myocyte injury and apoptosis, respectively, and exendin-4 attenuated these increases. The content of ATP in myocytes decreased after hypoxia–reoxygenation but was preserved by exendin-4. The membrane potential and shape of mitochondria were assessed using a fluorescent probe. Exendin-4 attenuated the hypoxia–reoxygenation–induced disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential and shortening. Mitochondrial quality control–related factors, such as optic atrophy protein 1, mitofusin 2, dynamin-related protein 1, and parkin, were examined by Western blotting. Exendin-4 significantly increased the expression of the fusion proteins, optic atrophy protein 1 and mitofusin 2, and decreased that of the mitophagy-related protein, parkin, without altering dynamin-related protein 1 expression levels. Exendin-4 also preserved Akt phosphorylation levels after hypoxia–reoxygenation, whereas wortmannin, an inhibitor of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase–Akt pathway, blunted exendin-4–induced myocyte protection and its effects on mitochondrial quality control factors. In conclusion, exendin-4 protected mitochondria by preserving the phosphorylation of Akt and fusion proteins, leading to the attenuation of hypoxia–reoxygenation–induced injury in cultured myocytes.
Prevalence and Perception of Intimate Partner Violence-Related Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Manoranjan Branavan , Scott Taryn , Szasz Olivia Paige , Bzovsky Sofia , O'Malley Lauren , Sprague Sheila , Perera Gihan , Bhandari Mohit , Turkstra Lyn S. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious and often undiagnosed consequence of intimate partner violence (IPV). Data on prevalence of TBI among IPV survivors are emerging, but prevalence of IPV among patients presenting to TBI clinics is unknown. Identification of IPV is important to ensure patients with TBI receive appropriate intervention and referrals.

Objective:
To determine the proportion of women 18 years and older presenting to an acquired brain injury (ABI) clinic with confirmed or suspected concussion who reported experiencing IPV in the last 12 months or their lifetime.

Methods:
Single-center cross-sectional cohort study. Proportion of IPV-related TBI or head, neck, or facial) injuries were determined using a modified HELPS Brain Injury Screening Tool and the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory.

Results:
Of the 97 women approached, 50 were enrolled in the study. The average age was 46.1 years and 32 women (64.0%) reported a relationship history with a violent partner; 12-month prevalence of IPV was 26.5% and lifetime prevalence was 44.0%. Within their lifetime, all (44.0%) who reported an IPV history reported emotional abuse, 24.0% reported physical abuse, and 18.0% sexual abuse. HELPS responses indicated a high potential of lifetime IPV-related TBI for 29.2%, most commonly from being hit in the face or head (20.8%).

Conclusion:
Implementation of IPV screening in community-based ABI clinics is a pivotal step toward understanding the potential scope of TBI and addressing the wide range of somatic, cognitive, and affective symptoms experienced by IPV survivors. IPV screening also will lead to timely referral and follow-up and increase patient safety after discharge from rehabilitation.
Interobserver Agreement for Classifying Infections in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis Based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Criteria
Authors: Ren Haotang , Yao Junjie , Zhao Ruihong , Gong Kai , Sun Shanshan , Yu Xia , Shen Wei , Duan Jinnan , Sheng Jifang , Shi Yu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Bacterial infections are common in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, largely owing to bacterial translocation and cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction. This study aims to determine the reliability for classifying infections in patients with decompensated cirrhosis based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria.

Methods:
The patients with decompensated cirrhosis with suspicious infection in a registered prospective cohort of cirrhosis from May 1, 2014 to February 25, 2015 in the ward of First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were retrospectively identified. Agreement assessment was conducted focusing on site of infection, the possibility of infection, and pathogens of infection on both system level and specific diagnosis level. A subgroup analysis was performed based on with/without acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).

Results:
A total of 402 infectious episodes among 351 patients were enrolled for consistency analysis. The overall agreement for site of infection was 94% (378/402) (k = 0.90, 95% CI 0.86–0.94) on system level and 86% (346/402) (k = 0.84, 95% CI 0.80–0.88) on specific diagnosis level. On possibility of infection, the overall agreement was 81% (306/378) (weighted k = 0.71, 95% CI 0.65–0.77), with 84% (224/267) (weighted k = 0.75, 95% CI 0.63–0.87) in patients with ACLF and 80% (70/88) (weighted k = 0.68, 95% CI 0.60–0.76) in patients without ACLF, respectively. On pathogens of infection, the overall agreement was 72% (60/83) (k = 0.70, 95% CI 0.60–0.80) among most frequent infections.

Conclusion:
The agreement for classifying infections in patients with decompensated cirrhosis based on CDC criteria is acceptable overall, suggesting that it can be a useful tool for clinical management in patients with decompensated cirrhosis with suspicious infections.
Advances in Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Zhou Nina , Bilimoria Sara , Lio Peter A. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin condition in the world, characterized by epidermal barrier dysfunction, increased pathogen ingress, dysbiosis, and chronic inflammation. Patients with AD are at an increased risk of other comorbidities including skin infections, sleep disorders, and psychosocial morbidities that have significant impacts on quality of life and warrant more advanced therapeutics. A number of Th2 cytokines and the JAK-STAT pathway have been identified as playing critical roles in the pathogenesis of AD resulting in a rich pipeline of agents that target these factors.
In this brief clinical review, we examine the evidence available for novel agents in Phase II and Phase III studies as potential treatments to broaden the therapeutic options, especially for patients with moderate-to-severe AD.
Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex
Authors: Sadighi Tammy , Swayne Cheryl 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a rare autosomal dominant, genetic condition where bullous lesions, larger than 0.5 cm, affect an area of the skin that is exposed to mechanical friction or minor trauma. Prevention of the bullous lesions starts with family and patient education, with infants requiring greater care and control of their environment. Every individual with EBS will have a treatment plan specifically tailored to the severity and extent of skin involvement. This article provides a comprehensive overview of EBS, including diagnostic approach, preventative considerations, and current treatments.
Tzanck Smear in Dermatologic Practice
Authors: Yang Ronald A. , Nodine Sarah , Anderson Jaclyn B. , Laughter Melissa R. , Zangara Tessa , Dinkel Rebecca , Dunnick Cory A. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
The Tzanck smear was introduced in the 1950s and has been used for the diagnosis of erosive, vesiculobullous, tumoral, and granulomatous diseases. The Tzanck smear is rapid, easy to perform, and relatively inexpensive. Results from this diagnostic test can be obtained at the bedside, often within several minutes. Tzanck smears have high diagnostic reliability for erosive/vesiculobullous and granulomatous lesions. For some lesions, the sensitivity of Tzanck smears can exceed 80% up to 90% depending on the expertise of the user. However, for more challenging diagnoses, Tzanck smear should be used in conjunction with more advanced techniques to ensure an accurate clinical diagnosis. This article reviews the background, indications, construct, and applications of the Tzanck smear to highlight this commonly used diagnostic tool in dermatology.
Intimate Partner Femicide in South Korea: An Integrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Kim Soojeong , Park Sihyun , Champion Jane Dimmitt 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Intimate partner femicide (IPF) is a severe form of violence perpetrated against women in intimate relationships. The purpose of this integrative literature review was to identify studies of IPF in South Korea.

Methods
A web-based literature search was performed in six databases: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, SocINDEX, and RISS (Korean academic online database). Because of the limited number of findings, Google Scholar was used to find additional studies.

Results
Nine articles were selected. There were no studies of IPF in South Korea utilizing a healthcare perspective. The studies were primarily designed to understand the characteristics of the cases and the perpetrators. Through the application of the ecological model to these studies, risk factors at the individual, relationship, community, and societal levels were identified. Although these studies identified that risk factors at the societal level—Korean culture, policy, and law—have a considerable influence on femicide, a clear solution is not proposed.

Conclusion
It is imperative to understand IPF in South Korea from a female societal perspective to facilitate violence prevention and recovery for those experiencing intimate partner violence.
Civilians Have Higher Adherence and More Improvements in Health With a Mediterranean Diet and Circuit Training Program Compared With Firefighters
Authors: Almeida Andrew A. , Reeve Emily H. , Dickinson Rachel L. , Carty Megan , Gilpin Julia , Feairheller Deborah L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective
To examine the relationship between diet adherence and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk-reduction between civilians and firefighters with a 6-week Mediterranean diet and tactical training intervention.

Methods
Forty firefighters and 30 civilians participated. Blood pressure, body composition, lipid levels, vascular measures, and aerobic capacity were measured pre- and post-intervention. Diet was self-report based on number of servings consumed. Weekly diet-scores were calculated.

Results
Both groups had improvements in blood pressure and body composition. Civilians had improved lipid levels, higher overall adherence, a relationship between total Med-diet score and cholesterol (R = 0.68), and higher servings consumed in foods typical of Mediterranean-dietary pattern (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
This is the first exercise and diet intervention comparing firefighters to civilians. Adherence to a Mediterranean-dietary pattern coupled with exercise is effective at improving cardiac health. These findings substantiate the need for wellness interventions in firefighters.
Evaluation of Ibrutinib Cardiotoxicity By Comparative Use of Speckle-Tracking Technique and Biomarkers
Authors: Ciuculete Denisa-Corina , Popescu Raluca Alexandra , Georgescu Georgeta Daniela , Dan Gheorghe-Andrei 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Ibrutinib, a relatively new antineoplastic agent, has multiple cardiovascular effects that are still insufficiently known and evaluated, including subclinical myocardial damage.

Study Question:
The present study aims to assess the role of the myocardial strain, alone and in combination with cardiac biomarkers, in the early detection of ibrutinib-induced cardiotoxicity.

Study Design:
We included 31 outpatients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on ibrutinib, in a tertiary University Hospital between 2019 and 2020, and evaluated them at inclusion and after 3 months.

Measures and Outcomes:
Data on myocardial strain, cardiac biomarkers [high-sensitive troponin T (hs TnT) and N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)], and ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring were collected.

Results:
Myocardial deformation decreased significantly (P < 0.001) at later evaluation and hs TnT and NT-proBNP increased significantly (P = 0.019 and P = 0.03, respectively). The increase in hs TnT correlated with the increase in the left ventricle global longitudinal strain (LVGLS); in other words, it correlated with the decrease in myocardial deformation. No association was found between LVGLS increase and the increase in NT-proBNP. LVGLS modification was not significantly influenced by age, anemia, or arrhythmia burden quantified by 24-hour Holter monitoring (P = 0.747, P = 0.072, respectively; P = 0.812). LVEF did not change significantly during follow-up.

Conclusions:
In patients on ibrutinib, evaluation of myocardial strain is useful in identifying early cardiac drug toxicity, surpassing the sensitivity and specificity limits of LVEF. In these patients, concomitant assessment of hs TnT increases the predictive power for subclinical myocardial involvement.
Trends in Characteristics of Adults Enrolled in Traditional Fee-for-Service Medicare and Medicare Advantage, 2011–2019
Authors: Weeks William B. , Cao Stacey Y. , Smith Jeremy , Wang Huabo , Weinstein James N. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
While overall Medicare Part C (Medicare Advantage) enrollment has grown more rapidly than fee-for-service Medicare enrollment, changes in the growth and characteristics of different enrollee populations have not been examined.

Objectives:
For 2011–2019, to compare changes in the growth and characteristics of younger (age younger than 65) and older (age 65 and older) Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare Part A only, Medicare Parts A & B, and Medicare Part C.

Research Design:
This was a retrospective, observational study.

Subjects:
Medicare beneficiaries who were alive and enrolled in Medicare Part A only, Medicare Parts A & B, or Medicare Part C on June 30 of each year and in no other plan that year.

Measures:
For each plan type and age group the numbers and mean ages of enrollees and the proportion of enrollees who were: black, female, concurrently enrolled in Medicaid, and (for older enrollees), whose initial reason for eligibility was old age and survivors’ benefits.

Results:
Between 2011 and 2019, Medicare Part C experienced rapid expansions of 85.0% among older and 109.5% among younger enrollees. Part C enrollees were increasingly likely to be dually enrolled in Medicaid, Black and, among younger enrollees, female.

Conclusions:
Trends in demographic characteristics and changes in policy and growth in employer group plan offerings will likely continue to impact health care service utilization and costs in the Medicare population. Particularly as Medicare expansion to younger age groups is considered, future research should explore disparities in risk scores and care equity, quality, and costs across different Medicare enrollment options.
Mapping 2 Decades of Research in Health Services Research, Health Policy, and Health Economics Journals
Authors: Zengul Ferhat D. , Oner Nurettin , Ozaydin Bunyamin , Hall Allyson G. , Berner Eta S. , Cimino James J. , Lemak Christy H. 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
To identify major research topics and exhibit trends in these topics in 15 health services research, health policy, and health economics journals over 2 decades.

Data Sources:
The study sample of 35,159 abstracts (1999–2020) were collected from PubMed for 15 journals.

Study Design:
The study used a 3-phase approach for text analyses: (1) developing the corpus of 40,618 references from PubMed (excluding 5459 of those without abstract or author information); (2) preprocessing and generating the term list using natural language processing to eliminate irrelevant textual data and identify important terms and phrases; (3) analyzing the preprocessed text data using latent semantic analysis, topic analyses, and multiple correspondence analysis.

Principal Findings:
Application of analyses generated 16 major research topics: (1) implementation/intervention science; (2) HIV and women’s health; (3) outcomes research and quality; (4) veterans/military studies; (5) provider/primary-care interventions; (6) geriatrics and formal/informal care; (7) policies and health outcomes; (8) medication treatment/therapy; (9) patient interventions; (10) health insurance legislation and policies; (11) public health policies; (12) literature reviews; (13) cost-effectiveness and economic evaluation; (14) cancer care; (15) workforce issues; and (16) socioeconomic status and disparities. The 2-dimensional map revealed that some journals have stronger associations with specific topics. Findings were not consistent with previous studies based on user perceptions.

Conclusion:
Findings of this study can be used by the stakeholders of health services research, policy, and economics to develop future research agendas, target journal submissions, and generate interdisciplinary solutions by examining overlapping journals for particular topics.
Cognitive Outcomes in Children With Conditions Affecting the Small Intestine
Authors: Vlug Lotte E. , Verloop Merel W. , Dierckx Bram , Bosman Lotte , de Graaff Jurgen C. , Rings Edmond H.H.M. , Wijnen René M.H. , de Koning Barbara A.E. , Legerstee Jeroen S. ,   PICASsO Group
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to assess cognitive outcomes in children with intestinal failure (IF) and children at high risk of IF with conditions affecting the small intestine requiring parenteral nutrition.Methods:EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to October 2020. Studies were included constituting original data on developmental quotient (DQ), intelligence quotient (IQ) and/or severe developmental delay/disability (SDD) rates assessed with standardized tests. We used appropriate standardized tools to extract data and assess study quality. We performed random effects meta‐analyses to estimate pooled means of DQ/IQ and pooled SDD rates (general population mean for DQ/IQ: 100, for percentage with SDD: 1.8%) for 4 groups: IF, surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), abdominal wall defects (AWD), and midgut malformations (MM). Associations of patient characteristics with DQ/IQ were evaluated with meta‐regressions.Results:Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled mean DQ/IQ for IF, NEC, AWD, and MM were 86.8, 83.3, 96.6, and 99.5, respectively. The pooled SDD rates for IF, NEC, AWD and MM were 28.6%, 32.8%, 8.5%, and 3.7%, respectively. Meta‐regressions indicated that lower gestational age, longer hospital stay, and higher number of surgeries but not parenteral nutrition duration, were associated with lower DQ/IQ.Conclusions:Adverse developmental outcomes are common in children with IF and NEC, and to a much lesser extent in children with AWD and MM. It is important to monitor cognitive development in children with conditions affecting the small intestine and to explore avenues for prevention and remediation.