bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the application potential of lipopeptide fermentation broth in oil recovery
Authors: Wang Huidong , Xiu Jianlong , Huang Lixin , Yu Li , Wu Bo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrobial flooding is a new enhanced‐oil‐recovery technology for the petroleum industry. In this study, a strain of Bacillus subtilis named SL‐2 was isolated from oil‐well‐produced fluid. B. subtilis produces the lipopeptide surfactin. The fermentation broth of B. subtilis contains lipopeptide biosurfactants (1.2 g/L) with good surface and interfacial activities. Adding 7% of this fermentation broth to water reduces its surface tension from 72 to 33.9 mN/m and the interfacial tension between hexadecane and water from 40 to 1 mN/m. Environmental adaptability analysis revealed that the lipopeptide biosurfactants can tolerate a salinity of 50 g/L NaCl and a temperature of 120°C, and that they have a strong emulsifying effect on the oil phase as well as good emulsification stability owing to their high interfacial shear viscosity. Water contact angle measurements showed that this fermentation broth changes the wettability properties of rock surfaces from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. A new bio‐oil‐displacement system was developed by combining the lipopeptide fermentation broth with xanthan gum, a biopolymer with viscosifying properties. The new bio‐oil‐displacement system has the dual functions of improving oil‐displacement efficiency and expanding sweep volume. The results of laboratory simulation experiments revealed that the oil recovery for a bio‐composite system containing 7% lipopeptide fermentation broth is 18.7% higher than that for water flooding. Therefore, the system has good field application potential. Direct preparation of the oil‐displacement system using the lipopeptide fermentation liquid can reduce the purification cost of the biosurfactant lipopeptide, which is economically conducive to the application of this bio‐oil‐displacement technology.
A deep‐hole microblasting technique for controlling coal wall spalling during mining of a vertically jointed seam
Authors: Chen Baobao , Liu Changyou , Wu Fengfeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe vertically‐jointed coal seam, especially after water drainage, is easy to lead to large‐area coal wall spalling (CWS). To alleviate the problem, a strut subjected to equivalent central‐concentrated force was proposed for elaborating critical conditions for coal instability based on CWS characteristics, determining the main control factors. The sensitivity analysis of factors driving CWS revealed that the coal between 3.3 and 4.56 m was the most vulnerable. A microblasting technique was proposed for controlling CWS by increasing the friction coefficient at the weakened‐primary coal interface, improving the coal stress, and reducing the equivalent mining height. The paper presented the application of universal distinct element code models to simulate the CWS mechanism with different joint mechanical parameters and microblasting heights. The reduction of spalling intensity indicates that the microblasting weakening of the upper part coal could improve the overall stability of the coal. LS‐DYNA is employed for simulating the fractures development between blasting holes, and the rationality of optimized blasting parameters is revealed. The fracture characteristics of the observation hole in field demonstrated that the hole was effectively fractured by microblasting. The spalling parameters including depth, width and frequency were obviously reduced, which showed the rationality in microexplosion controlling spalling.
Imidacloprid Induces Histopathological Damage in the Midgut, Ovary, and Spermathecal Stored Spermatozoa of Queens After Chronic Colony Exposure
Authors: Moreira Daiani Rodrigues , de Souza Tuan Henrique Smielevski , Galhardo Douglas , Puentes Sandra Milena Diaz , Figueira Cinthia Leão , Silva Breno Gabriel da , Chagas Francieli das , Gigliolli Adriana Aparecida Sinópolis , de Toledo Vagner de Alencar Arnaut , Ruvolo-Takasusuki Maria Claudia Colla 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bee colony health is declining as a result of several factors, including exposure to pesticides. The development and strength of honey bee colonies depend on the reproductive success of queen bees. Because flowers are sources of food for bees, foragers can accidentally collect and carry contaminated pollen and nectar to their hives; and this may compromise the longevity and the life span of individuals. Thus, the present study aimed to observe the action of imidacloprid in the midgut and ovaries of Apis mellifera queens, as well as the effects on sperm stored in their spermatheca. To this end, the apiary was divided into three experimental groups: control, commercial imidacloprid, and active ingredient imidacloprid. For toxicity assays, a sucrose solution containing 1 µg/L of imidacloprid was offered to the colonies for 42 days. A control group received only food in the same period. In both treatments with imidacloprid, the midgut of queens showed modifications in the external musculature and cellular alterations. Such changes could lead to the nonrecovery of the epithelium and subsequently malabsorption of nutrients. Moreover, the digestive cells of queen bees exposed to the commercial imidacloprid presented pyknotic nuclei, suggesting a cell death process. The main alterations observed in the ovaries of these reproductive bees treated with commercial imidacloprid were degeneration and resorption of the ovariole content, which probably affected their fertilization and colony development. There were no significant changes in the spermatozoa morphology for both treatments with imidacloprid, but this insecticide may interfere with the development and reproductive success of A. mellifera colonies because it affects the morphology and function of essential organs for the survival of queens. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1637–1648. SETAC
Abstract
Africanized Apis mellifera bee colonies were exposed to imidacloprid (pure ingredient and commercial formulation) in the field for 42 days. Such chronic exposure damaged cells in the midgut of queen bees and affected the reproductive success of colonies because of the alterations in the ovaries of these queens. The spermatozoa stored in spermatheca were not affected by the neonicotinoid. IMI = imidacloprid.
Temperature and Photoperiod Affect the Sensitivity of Biofilms to Nickel and its Accumulation
Authors: Laderriere Vincent , Richard Maxime , Morin Soizic , Le Faucheur Séverine , Fortin Claude 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Whereas metal impacts on fluvial communities have been extensively investigated, effects of abiotic parameters on community responses to contaminants are poorly documented. Variations in photoperiod and temperature commonly occur over the course of a season and could affect aquatic biofilm communities and their responses to contaminants. Our objective was to characterize the influence of environmental conditions (photoperiod and temperature) on nickel (Ni) bioaccumulation and toxicity using a laboratory-grown biofilm. Environmental parameters were chosen to represent variations that can occur over the summer season. Biofilms were exposed for 7 days to six dissolved Ni treatments (ranging from 6 to 115 µM) at two temperatures (14 and 20 °C) using two photoperiods (16:8 and 12:12-h light:dark cycle). Under these different scenarios, structural (dry weight biomass and chlorophyll-a) and functional biomarkers (photosynthetic yield and Ni content) were analyzed at four sampling dates, allowing us to evaluate Ni sensitivity of biofilms over time. The results highlight the effects of temperature on Ni accumulation and tolerance of biofilms. Indeed, biofilms exposed at 20 °C accumulated 1.6–4.2-fold higher concentrations of Ni and were characterized by a lower median effect concentration value using photosynthetic yield compared with those exposed at 14 °C. In terms of photoperiod, significantly greater rates of Ni accumulation were observed at the highest tested Ni concentration for biofilms exposed to a 12:12-h compared with a 16:8-h light:dark cycle. Our study demonstrates the influence of temperature on biofilm metabolism and illustrates that environmental factors may influence Ni accumulation response and thus Ni responses of phototrophic biofilms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1649–1662. © 2022 SETAC
Advances in the role and mechanism of lactic acid bacteria in treating obesity
Authors: Shen Yi‐Lin , Zhang Liu‐Qing , Yang Ying , Yin Bin‐Cheng , Ye Bang‐Ce , Zhou Ying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObesity and its related complications have become increasingly serious social problems that threaten people's lives. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have shown an effective influence on preventing obesity in animal experiments and human clinical trials, but its exact mechanism remains unclear. In this review, LAB and several of its metabolites are taken as the point of penetration. It is aimed to summarize the relationship between obesity and gut microbiota, the efficacy of LAB, and its potential mechanisms of preventing obesity and lipid metabolism. LAB intervention can regulate gut microbiota and improve intestinal permeability which is damaged by a high‐fat diet or lipopolysaccharide. Besides this, some metabolites produced by LAB can be involved in regulating host lipid metabolism‐related pathways. Short‐chain fatty acids, linoleic acid, and gamma‐aminobutyric acid, taken as representatives here, can participate in the regulation through AMP‐activated protein kinase or peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor pathway and bowel–brain axis. Therefore, the ingestion of LAB may become a potential adjunctive treatment for obesity in future.
Similarities and differences in the neural representations of abstract concepts across English and Mandarin
Authors: Vargas Robert , Just Marcel Adam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent research suggests there is a neural organization for representing abstract concepts that is common across English speakers. To investigate the possible role of language on the representation of abstract concepts, multivariate pattern analytic (MVPA) techniques were applied to fMRI data to compare the neural representations of 28 individual abstract concepts between native English and Mandarin speakers. Factor analyses of the activation patterns of the 28 abstract concepts from both languages characterized this commonality in terms of a set of four underlying neurosemantic dimensions, indicating the degree to which a concept is verbally represented, internal to the person, contains social content, and is rule‐based. These common semantic dimensions (factors) underlying the 28 concepts provided a sufficient basis for reliably identifying the individual abstract concepts from their neural signature in the other language with a mean rank accuracy of 0.65 (p < .001). Although the neural dimensions used for representing abstract concepts are common across languages, differences in the meaning of some individual concepts can be accommodated in terms of differential salience of particular dimensions. These semantic dimensions constitute a set of neurocognitive resources for abstract concept representations within a larger set of regions responsible for general semantic processing.
RNA sequencing analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma identified oxidative phosphorylation as a major pathologic feature
Authors: Liu Yongjun , Al‐Adra David P. , Lan Ruoxin , Jung Geunyoung , Li Huihua , Yeh Matthew M. , Liu Yao‐Zhong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dysregulation of expression of functional genes and pathways plays critical roles in the etiology and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Next generation‐based RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) offers unparalleled power to comprehensively characterize HCC at the whole transcriptome level. In this study, 17 fresh‐frozen HCC samples with paired non‐neoplastic liver tissue from Caucasian patients undergoing liver resection or transplantation were used for RNA‐seq analysis. Pairwise differential expression analysis of the RNA‐seq data was performed to identify genes, pathways, and functional terms differentially regulated in HCC versus normal tissues. At a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.10, 13% (n = 4335) of transcripts were up‐regulated and 19% (n = 6454) of transcripts were down‐regulated in HCC versus non‐neoplastic tissue. Eighty‐five Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were differentially regulated (FDR, <0.10), with almost all pathways (n = 83) being up‐regulated in HCC versus non‐neoplastic tissue. Among the top up‐regulated pathways was oxidative phosphorylation (hsa00190; FDR, 1.12E‐15), which was confirmed by Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) gene set enrichment analysis. Consistent with potential oxidative stress due to activated oxidative phosphorylation, DNA damage‐related signals (e.g., the up‐regulated hsa03420 nucleotide excision repair [FDR, 1.14E‐04] and hsa03410 base excision repair [FDR, 2.71E‐04] pathways) were observed. Among down‐regulated genes (FDR, <0.10), functional terms related to cellular structures (e.g., cell membrane [FDR, 3.05E‐21] and cell junction [FDR, 2.41E‐07], were highly enriched, suggesting compromised formation of cellular structure in HCC at the transcriptome level. Interestingly, the olfactory transduction (hsa04740; FDR, 1.53E‐07) pathway was observed to be down‐regulated in HCC versus non‐neoplastic tissue, suggesting impaired liver chemosensory functions in HCC. Our findings suggest oxidative phosphorylation and the associated DNA damage may be the major driving pathologic feature in HCC.
Thermal effects of two immiscible fluids through a permeable stenosed artery having nanofluid in the core region
Authors: Prasad K. Maruthi , Yasa Prabhaker Reddy , Mohammed Abdul Rahim 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA theoretical investigation of two‐layered fluid flow in a stenosed tube having permeable walls is studied. The fluid (blood with nanoparticles) within the core region behaves as a non‐Newtonian fluid (nanofluid) and the fluid within the peripheral layer behaves as a Newtonian fluid. Flow equations are linearized considering mild stenoses. The closed form mathematical expressions for flow resistance and wall shear stress are computed. The problem is solved using HPM (homotopy perturbation method). The numerical calculations of flow parameters (like flow resistance, wall shear stress) are performed and are discussed graphically. A novel result is found that with increased permeability and viscosity, the resistance of the fluid flow and shear at the wall is found to decrease. Moreover, the velocity profiles are increasing in the radial direction with the enhancement of viscosity of the fluid in the peripheral layer but decrease with permeability. Streamlines are drawn to examine the flow pattern.
Influence of viscous dissipation and spanwise cosinusoidally fluctuating temperature on MHD free convective boundary layer flow with radiation absorption and chemical reaction
Authors: Komaravolu V. B. Rajakumar , Srinivasa Raju Rallabandi , Govinda Rao Tangudu , Balamurugan Kuppareddy Subramanyam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe current reconnaissance emphasis on spanwise cosinusoidally fluctuating temperature along with time deepened as well as radiation absorption on unsteady magneto‐hydrodynamics free convective heat and mass transfer boundary layer flow with viscous dissipation, constant suction normal to an infinite hot vertical porous plate in the existence of chemical reaction by means of heat generation. The analytical solution of nonlinear PDE's governing the flow has been accomplished by employing a second‐order multiple regular perturbation method within the stipulated boundary conditions. Velocity, temperature, concentration as well as Sherwood have been exemplified graphically; along with Skin friction, and Nusselt numbers are ascertained in tabular form. Eventually, it was found that velocity, temperature, and Skin friction accelerated with the accumulative values of Eckert number and radiation absorption, but conflicting results emerged in the case of Prandtl number. Contemporaneously Sherwood's number depreciated with the magnification of the chemical reaction parameter as well as the Schmidt number.
White paper: Oncofertility in pediatric patients with Wilms tumor
Authors: van der Perk M. E. Madeleine , Cost Nicholas G. , Bos Annelies M. E. , Brannigan Robert , Chowdhury Tanzina , Davidoff Andrew M. , Daw Najat C. , Dome Jeffrey S. , Ehrlich Peter , Graf Norbert , Geller James , Kalapurakal John , Kieran Kathleen , Malek Marcus , McAleer Mary F. , Mullen Elizabeth , Pater Luke , Polanco Angela , Romao Rodrigo , Saltzman Amanda F. , Walz Amy L. , Woods Andrew D. , van den Heuvel‐Eibrink Marry M. , Fernandez Conrad V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe survival of childhood Wilms tumor is currently around 90%, with many survivors reaching reproductive age. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are established risk factors for gonadal damage and are used in both COG and SIOP Wilms tumor treatment protocols. The risk of infertility in Wilms tumor patients is low but increases with intensification of treatment including the use of alkylating agents, whole abdominal radiation or radiotherapy to the pelvis. Both COG and SIOP protocols aim to limit the use of gonadotoxic treatment, but unfortunately this cannot be avoided in all patients. Infertility is considered one of the most important late effects of childhood cancer treatment by patients and their families. Thus, timely discussion of gonadal damage risk and fertility preservation options is important. Additionally, irrespective of the choice for preservation, consultation with a fertility preservation (FP) team is associated with decreased patient and family regret and better quality of life. Current guidelines recommend early discussion of the impact of therapy on potential fertility. Since most patients with Wilms tumors are prepubertal, potential FP methods for this group are still considered experimental. There are no proven methods for FP for prepubertal males (testicular biopsy for cryopreservation is experimental), and there is just a single option for prepubertal females (ovarian tissue cryopreservation), posing both technical and ethical challenges. Identification of genetic markers of susceptibility to gonadotoxic therapy may help to stratify patient risk of gonadal damage and identify patients most likely to benefit from FP methods.
Functional dietary response of Asian black bears to changes in sika deer density
Authors: Naganuma Tomoko , Nakashita Rumiko , Tochigi Kahoko , Zedrosser Andreas , Kozakai Chinatsu , Yamazaki Koji , Koike Shinsuke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOmnivores are generally opportunistic foragers and have a flexible dietary response to resource abundance and availability. Their populations may consist of individuals that differ from each other in terms of their trophic positions, which implies that the dietary response to resource fluctuations differs within a population. We investigated how changes in the abundance of sika deer (Cervus nippon) affected dietary variation and body condition in the Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus). We used fecal analysis, nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N), and body measurements to determine whether the variation in dietary meat content of Asian black bears is positively related to variations in the density of the sika deer population, whether male bears have a higher trophic position compared to females, and whether dietary meat content is positively related with body mass or body condition of bears. We found a positive correlation between the occurrence of deer remains in bear feces and deer density, suggesting that bears change their diet in response to temporal changes in deer density. Male bears had higher δ15N values than females, and neither values varied when deer density decreased. Males selectively consumed deer after a reduction in deer density, whereas females consistently consumed more plant‐based diet. The δ15N values were positively related with body mass of adult (>4 yr) bears but had no relationship with body condition of bears of either sex or any age class. Deer seem to be an important food source for large adult males, which have an advantage in mating. Thus, increasing herbivore abundance and availability altered the foraging strategy of Asian black bears, but the importance of herbivore on bear diet differs within a population.
Self‐Assembly of Copolymers Containing Crystallizable Blocks: Strategies and Applications
Authors: Shi Boyang , Shen Ding , Li Wei , Wang Guowei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe self‐assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable blocks in solution has received increasing attention in the past few years. Various strategies including crystallization‐driven self‐assembly (CDSA) and polymerization‐induced CDSA (PI‐CDSA) have been widely developed. Abundant self‐assembly morphologies are captured and advanced applications have been attempted. In this review, the synthetic strategies including the mechanisms and characteristics are highlighted and a survey on the advanced applications of crystalline nano‐assemblies is collected. This review is hoped to depict a comprehensive outline for self‐assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable blocks in recent years and to prompt the development of the self‐assembly technology in interdisciplinary fields.
A W‐Band Broadband Self‐Packaged Compact SISL Tripler using FR4 substrate
Authors: Zhang Ning , Ma Kaixue , Wang Yongqiang , Meng Fanyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA W‐band low‐cost and high output power tripler based on a substrate integrated suspended line (SISL) platform is presented in this paper. An accurate three‐dimensional electromagnetic model is established to characterize the high‐frequency parasitic effect of diodes, and the field‐circuit cosimulation method is employed to design the tripler. A SISL‐WR10 transition is designed and added in the output port to facilitate the test, and it also functions as a W‐band bandpass filter (BPF) to output the third harmonic, which avoids insertion loss caused by an additional BPF and makes the tripler more compact. The whole circuit of the tripler is fabricated on FR4 substrates, and it is self packaged. The measured results show that with 22 dBm input power, the tripler achieves 0–4.46 dBm output power from 75 to 106 GHz.
Inhomogeneous magnetization transfer MRI of white matter structures in the hypomyelinated shiverer mouse brain
Authors: Lee Choong Heon , Walczak Piotr , Zhang Jiangyang 
Published: March 2022

PurposeInhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT) MRI is uniquely sensitive to myelin with lipids as a primary source of its contrast. In this study, we investigated whether ihMT can detect white matter structures in the hypomyelinated shiverer mouse brain, a model of dysmyelination.MethodsConventional MT and ihMT images were acquired from ex vivo Rag2−/− control and shiverer mouse brains at 7T using previously reported optimized saturation parameters.ResultsihMT ratio (ihMTR) maps revealed hypomyelinated corpus callosum in the shiverer mouse brain, whereas conventional MT ratio (MTR) maps showed no clear contrast. The ihMTR values of the corpus callosum in the shiverer mice were reduced by approximately 40% compared to controls, but remained significantly higher than the ihMTR values of the cortex.ConclusionThe finding further confirms ihMT's high myelin specificity and suggests its use as a marker to detect early myelination or myelin repair.