bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early versus delayed amniotomy with immediate oxytocin after Foley catheter cervical ripening in nulliparous labor induction: A randomized trial
Authors: Hasan Nur Adlyn , Hong Jesrine Gek Shan , Teo Ik Hui , Zaidi Syeda Nureena , Hamdan Mukhri , Tan Peng Chiong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate immediate oxytocin and early amniotomy compared with delayed amniotomy after Foley catheter cervical ripening in nulliparous women on intervention‐to‐delivery interval.MethodsA randomized trial was conducted from September 2020 to March 2021. A total of 140 term nulliparas (70 early amniotomy, 70 delayed amniotomy) with Foley catheter–ripened cervices (dilatation ≥3 cm achieved), singleton fetus, cephalic presentation with intact membranes, and reassuring fetal heart rate tracing were recruited. Women were randomized to immediate titrated intravenous oxytocin infusion and early amniotomy or delayed amniotomy (after 4 h of oxytocin). The primary outcome was intervention (oxytocin)‐to‐delivery interval (h).ResultsIntervention‐to‐delivery intervals (h) were mean ± standard deviation 9.0 ± 3.6 versus 10.6 ± 3.5 h (mean difference of 1.4 h) (P = 0.004) for the early versus delayed amniotomy arms, respectively. Birth rates at 6 h after oxytocin infusion were 19 of 70 (27.1%) versus 8 of 70 (11.4%) (relative risk, 2.38 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11–5.06]; number needed to treat: 7 [95% CI, 3.5–34.4]) (P = 0.03), cesarean delivery rates were 29 of 70 (41.4%) versus 33 of 70 (47.1%) (relative risk, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.61–1.28) (P = 0.50), and maternal satisfaction on birth process were a median of 7 (interquartile range, 7–8) versus 7 (interquartile range, 7–8) (P = 0.40) for the early versus delayed amniotomy arms, respectively.ConclusionIn term nulliparas with cervices ripened by Foley catheter, immediate oxytocin and early amniotomy compared with a planned 4‐h delay to amniotomy shortened the intervention‐to‐delivery interval but did not significantly reduce the cesarean delivery rate.
Neurocognitive outcome and mental health in children with tyrosinemia type 1 and phenylketonuria: A comparison between two genetic disorders affecting the same metabolic pathway
Authors: van Vliet Kimber , van Ginkel Willem G. , Jahja Rianne , Daly Anne , MacDonald Anita , Santra Saikat , De Laet Corinne , Goyens Philippe J. , Vara Roshni , Rahman Yusof , Cassiman David , Eyskens Francois , Timmer Corrie , Mumford Nicky , Gissen Paul , Bierau Jörgen , van Hasselt Peter M. , Wilcox Gisela , Morris Andrew A. M. , Jameson Elisabeth A. , de la Parra Alicia , Arias Carolina , Garcia Maria I. , Cornejo Veronica , Bosch Annet M. , Hollak Carla E. M. , Rubio‐Gozalbo M. Estela , Brouwers Martijn C. G. J. , Hofstede Floris C. , de Vries Maaike C. , Janssen Mirian C. H. , van der Ploeg Ans T. , Langendonk Janneke G. , Huijbregts Stephan C. J. , van Spronsen Francjan J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTyrosinemia type 1 (TT1) and phenylketonuria (PKU) are both inborn errors of phenylalanine–tyrosine metabolism. Neurocognitive and behavioral outcomes have always featured in PKU research but received less attention in TT1 research. This study aimed to investigate and compare neurocognitive, behavioral, and social outcomes of treated TT1 and PKU patients. We included 33 TT1 patients (mean age 11.24 years; 16 male), 31 PKU patients (mean age 10.84; 14 male), and 58 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls (mean age 10.82 years; 29 male). IQ (Wechsler‐subtests), executive functioning (the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning), mental health (the Achenbach‐scales), and social functioning (the Social Skills Rating System) were assessed. Results of TT1 patients, PKU patients, and healthy controls were compared using Kruskal–Wallis tests with post‐hoc Mann–Whitney U tests. TT1 patients showed a lower IQ and poorer executive functioning, mental health, and social functioning compared to healthy controls and PKU patients. PKU patients did not differ from healthy controls regarding these outcome measures. Relatively poor outcomes for TT1 patients were particularly evident for verbal IQ, BRIEF dimensions “working memory”, “plan and organize” and “monitor”, ASEBA dimensions “social problems” and “attention problems”, and for the SSRS “assertiveness” scale (all p values <0.001). To conclude, TT1 patients showed cognitive impairments on all domains studied, and appeared to be significantly more affected than PKU patients. More attention should be paid to investigating and monitoring neurocognitive outcome in TT1 and research should focus on explaining the underlying pathophysiological mechanism.
Comparison of 2D and 4D Flow MRI in Neonates Without General Anesthesia
Authors: Sjöberg Pia , Hedström Erik , Fricke Katrin , Frieberg Petter , Weismann Constance G , Liuba Petru , Carlsson Marcus , Töger Johannes 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundNeonates with critical congenital heart disease require early intervention. Four‐dimensional (4D) flow may facilitate surgical planning and improve outcome, but accuracy and precision in neonates are unknown.PurposeTo 1) validate two‐dimensional (2D) and 4D flow MRI in a phantom and investigate the effect of spatial and temporal resolution; 2) investigate accuracy and precision of 4D flow and internal consistency of 2D and 4D flow in neonates; and 3) compare scan time of 4D flow to multiple 2D flows.Study TypePhantom and prospective patients.PopulationA total of 17 neonates with surgically corrected aortic coarctation (age 18 days [IQR 11–20]) and a three‐dimensional printed neonatal aorta phantom.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T, 2D flow and 4D flow.AssessmentIn the phantom, 2D and 4D flow volumes (ascending and descending aorta, and aortic arch vessels) with different resolutions were compared to high‐resolution reference 2D flow. In neonates, 4D flow was compared to 2D flow volumes at each vessel. Internal consistency was computed as the flow volume in the ascending aorta minus the sum of flow volumes in the aortic arch vessels and descending aorta, divided by ascending aortic flow.Statistical testsBland–Altman plots, Pearson correlation coefficient (r), and Student's t‐tests.ResultsIn the phantom, 2D flow differed by 0.01 ± 0.02 liter/min with 1.5 mm spatial resolution and −0.01 ± 0.02 liter/min with 0.8 mm resolution; 4D flow differed by −0.05 ± 0.02 liter/min with 2.4 mm spatial and 42 msec temporal resolution, −0.01 ± 0.02 liter/min with 1.5 mm, 42 msec resolution and −0.01 ± 0.02 liter/min with 1.5 mm, 21 msec resolution. In patients, 4D flow and 2D flow differed by −0.06 ± 0.08 liter/min. Internal consistency in patients was −11% ± 17% for 2D flow and 5% ± 13% for 4D flow. Scan time was 17.1 minutes [IQR 15.5–18.5] for 2D flow and 6.2 minutes [IQR 5.3–6.9] for 4D flow, P < 0.0001.Data ConclusionNeonatal 4D flow MRI is time efficient and can be acquired with good internal consistency without contrast agents or general anesthesia, thus potentially expanding 4D flow use to the youngest and smallest patients.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Beneficial effects of monounsaturated fatty acid‐rich blended oils with an appropriate polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio and a low n‐6/n‐3 fatty acid ratio on the health of rats
Authors: Yang Ligang , Yang Chao , Chu Chu , Wan Min , Xu Dengfeng , Pan Da , Xia Hui , Wang Shao Kang , Shu Guofang , Chen Shiqing , Sun Guiju 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effects of dietary fat on health are influenced by its fatty acid profile. We aimed to determine the effects of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)‐rich blended oils (BO) containing a balance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and with a low n‐6/n‐3 PUFA ratio on the health of rats fed normal or high‐fat diets. The BO was obtained by mixing red palm oil, rice bran oil (RO), tea seed oil and flaxseed oil in appropriate proportions.RESULTSBO consumption reduced the serum low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), non‐esterified fatty acid (NEFA), insulin (INS), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxide (LPO) and oxidized LDL (ox‐LDL) concentrations and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR); it increased the high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations, and the bone mineral density (BMD) versus control oil‐containing normal and high‐fat diets. BO also reduced the triglyceride (TG), hs‐CRP, MDA, ox‐LDL and reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations; and increased the serum HDL‐C and SOD, and BMD versus RO‐containing high‐fat diets. Finally, BO reduced the glucose (GLU) and INS, and HOMA‐IR; it increased HDL‐C, SOD, femoral weight and BMD versus RO‐containing normal diets.CONCLUSIONBOs with an appropriate fatty acid profile have beneficial effects on the glucolipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress and bone quality of rats when included in both normal and high‐fat diets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Associations among child abuse history, deployment‐related traumatic events, mental disorders, and suicidal behaviors in Canadian Regular Force personnel
Authors: Taillieu Tamara L. , Sareen Jitender , Afifi Tracie O. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncreasing attention has been focused on suicidal behavior among military personnel. Exposure to deployment‐related traumatic events (DRTEs) and child abuse (CA) both have been associated with mental disorders and suicidal behaviors among military personnel. Thus, the primary objectives of this study were to examine (a) sex differences in CA history and DRTEs, past‐year mental disorders, and past‐year suicide‐related outcomes and (b) independent, cumulative, and interactive effects of CA history and DRTEs on past‐year mental disorders and suicide outcomes among Canadian military personnel. Data were from the representative Canadian Forces Mental Health Survey collected in 2013 (N = 8,161; response rate = 79.8%). The results indicated a high prevalence of trauma exposure, with sex differences noted for specific trauma types. Both CA history and DRTEs were strongly associated with mental disorders, CA history: aORs = 1.60–2.44; DRTEs; aORs = 1.67–3.88. Cumulative, but not interactive, effects were noted for the effects of CA history and DRTEs on most mental disorders. Associations between CA history and DRTEs on suicide outcomes were largely indirect via their impact on mental disorders. Information regarding the role of specific types of predeployment trauma on mental disorders and suicidal behavior can be used to develop more targeted prevention and intervention strategies aimed at improving the mental health of military personnel.
One‐Dimensional Helical Nanostructures from the Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of an Achiral “Rod−Coil” Alternating Copolymer
Authors: Zhang Jiacheng , Li Shanlong , Yin Yucheng , Xiang Luoxing , Xu Fugui , Mai Yiyong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe self‐assembly of alternating copolymers (ACPs) has attracted considerable interest due to their unique alternating nature. However, compared with block copolymers, their self‐assembly behavior remains much less explored and their reported self‐assembled structures are limited. Here, the formation of supramolecular helical structures by the self‐assembly of an achiral rod−coil alternating copolymer named as poly(quarter(3‐hexylthiophene)‐alt‐poly(ethylene glycol)) (P(Q3HT‐alt‐PEG)), is reported. The copolymer exhibits an interesting hierarchical self‐assembly process, driven by the π−π stacking of the Q3HT segments and the solvophobic interaction of the alkyl chains in tetrahydrofuran (THF)−isopropanol mixed solvents. The copolymer first self‐assembled into thin nanobelts with a uniform size, then grows to helical nanoribbons and eventually twisted into helical nanowires with an average diameter of 25 ± 9 nm and a mean pitch of 80 ± 10 nm. Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation supports the formation course of the helical nanowires. Furthermore, the addition of (S)‐ethyl lactate and (R)‐ethyl lactate in the self‐assembly of P(Q3HT‐alt‐PEG) results in the formation of left‐handed and right‐handed chiral nanowires, respectively, demonstrating the tunability of the chirality of the helical wires. This study expands the library of ordered self‐assembled structures of ACPs, and also brings a new strategy and mechanism to construct helical supramolecular structures.
A novel approach to study catalytic reactions via electrophoretic NMR on the example of Pd/NHC‐catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck cross‐coupling reaction
Authors: Kulikovskaya Natalia S. , Denisova Ekaterina A. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInvestigation of catalytic reactions using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a crucial task, which is often challenging to perform due to rather complex transformations at the metal center. In this work, it was shown that electrophoretic NMR can be a suitable method for studying catalytic reactions and for observing the changes in the catalyst nature. As an important example involving palladium catalysts with N‐heterocyclic carbine ligands (NHCs), the breakage of the Pd‐NHC bond can occur during the catalytic process. Electrophoretic NMR allows the distinction of compounds in the spectra depending on the charge, thus bringing new opportunities to mechanistic studies. Here, we present independent evidence of R‐NHC product formation in the Pd‐catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck reaction—the key process for catalyst change from the molecular to nano‐scale type.
Adipose tissue LECT2 expression is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in Korean women
Authors: Kim Jimin , Lee Seul Ki , Kim Donguk , Lee Eunyoung , Park Chan Yoon , Choe Han , Kang Min‐Ji , Kim Hwa Jung , Kim Jong‐Hyeok , Hong Joon Pio , Lee Yeon Ji , Park Hye Soon , Heo Yoonseok , Jang Yeon Jin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveLeukocyte cell‐derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is an obesity‐upregulated hepatokine inducing skeletal muscle insulin resistance. The study's aim was to explore whether LECT2 is expressed in human adipose tissue and whether the expression is dysregulated during obesity and associated with obesity‐related metabolic disorders.MethodsThis study measured metabolic parameters, serum LECT2, and expression of LECT2 and CD209, a gene encoding a putative receptor for LECT2, in abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues in women with obesity (with or without type 2 diabetes) and women with normal weight. The expression/secretion of LECT2 and its putative effects were assessed in human adipocytes.ResultsAdipose tissue LECT2 mRNA and serum LECT2 were higher in women with obesity and were significantly correlated with parameters related to insulin resistance. LECT2 was mainly expressed by adipocytes. Both LECT2 and CD209 expression was higher in adipocytes from women with obesity. Incubating adipocytes with substances mimicking the microenvironment of obesity adipose tissue increased LECT2 expression/secretion. LECT2 treatment of adipocytes suppressed insulin‐stimulated Akt phosphorylation; it reduced adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and increased leptin (LEP) expression in a CD209‐dependent manner.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that LECT2 expression in adipose tissue is high in patients with obesity and associated with insulin resistance and suggests that adipocyte‐derived LECT2 may contribute to adipose tissue dysfunction.
Composite for insole shoe assembly based on polyvinyl acetate and polyester fabric waste from the footwear industry
Authors: Conti Tábata Morgana , Catto André Luis , Amico Sandro Campos 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis work aimed at studying a composite material for shoe assembly insole using polyester fabric waste (PFW) from the footwear industry. For the preparation of the composites, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) was employed as the polymeric matrix, with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% in weight of PFW in the formulations and compared with a standard formulation without PFW. The samples were characterized via physical–chemical (moisture content, bulk density, and growth/shrinkage) and mechanical (break, tensile and dry, and wet tear) analyses, and also by scanning electron microscopy. The PVAc/PFW 5% and 10% composites showed satisfactory results in all tests performed. They reached 9.99 and 9.09 MPa tensile strength, respectively, twice the minimum acceptable (5 MPa), and 1.13 and 1.07 N/mm dry tear strength, also higher than required (1.0 N/mm). The better results for the samples with less PFW were justified by the lower tendency to produce agglomerates during the molding and compaction production stages. Compared with commercial materials commonly used in shoes, these samples met all specifications and showed the technical feasibility of reusing PFW in assembly insoles.
Revisiting the ICAPM under the distortion of risk–return tradeoff in short‐horizon stock returns
Authors: Chelikani Surya , Nam Kiseok , Wang Xuewu Wesley 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe suggest that the distortion of the positive risk–return relation in the ICAPM is a consequence of trading by informed investors to exploit mispricing. We hypothesize and demonstrate that a non‐positive (strongly positive) risk–return relation following positive (negative) market returns is attributed to short‐selling (purchasing) of overpriced (underpriced) stocks along with optimistic (pessimistic) expectations conditional on good (bad) market news. We verify this asymmetry in the risk–return relation through the indirect risk–return relation conditional on good (bad) market news. We also find that the attenuation (reinforcement) of the positive risk–return relation is more profound in high‐ (low‐) sentiment periods.
Span‐to‐depth ratio limits for deflection control of reinforced concrete elements
Authors: Pecić Nenad , Mašović Snežana , Stošić Saša 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndirect deflection control usually applies the limitation of the span‐to‐depth ratio. The procedures that have developed in the past decades have mostly been derived for predefined values of some of the relevant parameters. Assigning values to parameters simplifies the application of criteria. Predefined values may not be suitable for all design situations and some of the recently published procedures allow direct selection of relevant parameters. This paper offers new expressions for span‐to‐depth ratio limits for deflection control. Expressions include cross‐section size, area, and position of tensile and compressive reinforcement, mechanical and long‐term properties of concrete and deflection limit. The load level is represented by the stress in the tensile reinforcement so that the ratio of live and total load can be arbitrary. The dimensionless form of deflection calculation by numerical integration of the mean curvature according to Eurocode 2 is used to formulate the expressions. The proposed procedure is verified with a large number of numerical simulations for different combinations of inputs. Measured long‐term deflections, available from the literature, are also used to test the procedure. The expressions are suitable for both deflection control and conceptual design.
Ten‐year long‐term results following HMME‐PDT therapy for port‐wine stain
Authors: Nie Wenjia , Wang Xue , Liu Yan , Tao Juan , Li Yan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHematoporphyrin monomethyl Ether‐mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME‐PDT) is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with port‐wine stain (PWS) and might be an alternative approach for treating PWS. The data of long‐term follow‐up of HMME‐mediated PDT are limited.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the current skin lesions of patients who underwent HMME‐PDT 10 years ago, and to compare the pre and post HMME‐PDT response with that at year 10 after this treatment.MethodThis is a retrospective study of PWS patients treated by HMME‐PDT. HMME‐PDT was carried out by a combination of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether and 532‐nm continuous wave lasers. Clinical outcomes were graded by clinician‐evaluators based on before and after photographs of the lesion area to the following four‐level scale: no improvement, some improvement, great improvement or nearly complete remission.ResultsThere was no obvious recurrence in the completely blanched area. However, the lesions became darkened and thicker in untreated areas. There was no long‐term side effect at the treatment site in all patients.ConclusionHMME‐PDT may be considered an effective alternative for the treatment of PWS. Its potential should be emphasized due to the relatively stable results shown in the long term.
Ninjinyoeito reduces β‐amyloid25–35‐induced axon damage via nerve growth factor
Authors: Kubota Kaori , Watanabe Takuya , Katsurabayashi Shutaro , Iwasaki Katsunori 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimNinjinyoeito (NYT), a Japanese herbal medicine, is widely used to treat patients with insomnia, anemia, amnesia, and neurosis. Recently, NYT was reported to be clinically effective in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the effects of NYT in a neurodegeneration model comprising cultured autaptic neurons exposed to β‐amyloid (Aβ)25–35.MethodsWe used an autaptic culture system consisting of a single neuron on astrocyte feeder micro‐islands. The effects of NYT (0.1 mg/ml) on neurotoxicity induced by Aβ25–35(1 μmol/L) were assessed by immunocytochemical assays and Sholl analysis of microtubule‐associated protein 2 (MAP2)‐positive and tau‐positive neurites. Nerve growth factor (Ngf) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) gene expression were examined in primary cocultured astrocytes and neurons using reverse transcription polychromatic chain reaction (RT‐PCR).ResultsAβ25–35treatment attenuated the arborization of axons and dendrites of single autaptic hippocampal neurons in a concentration‐dependent manner. NYT treatment for three days ameliorated the Aβ25–35‐induced impairment of tau‐positive axon outgrowth. However, NYT did not ameliorate the Aβ25–35‐induced suppression of MAP2‐positive dendrite arborization. NYT increased the expression ofNgfbut notBdnfin Aβ25–35‐exposed primary cocultured astrocytes and neurons.ConclusionWe propose a new model of neurodegeneration in which dendrite and axon outgrowth in autaptic neuronal cultures is inhibited by Aβ25–35. Our results indicate that NYT protects against Aβ25–35‐induced neuronal injury through induction of nerve growth factor expression. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for treating AD with NYT.
Review of the Economic Impact of Water Availability on Food Security and the Related Ecosystems
Authors: Raviv Orna , Palatnik Ruslana Rachel , Shechter Mordechai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPopulation growth, climate change, and technological development alter the concepts of water supply and demand, affecting both food security and ecosystem services. Groundwater withdrawal, seawater desalination, and wastewater treatment increase the water supply in water-stressed countries, while impacting marine, terrestrial, and croplands’ ecosystems and altering the prices of water and food. About 80% of the world’s wastewater is discharged untreated into biodiversity-rich freshwater and seawater, which is then being used to irrigate croplands and provide desalinated drinking water. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) and partial equilibrium (PE) are economic modeling approaches that aim to capture the multiple effects of the water–energy–food–ecosystem (WEFE) nexus on social welfare. In order to evaluate the combined effect of different types of parameters, the result of one or many PE models are fitted and feeding the CGE model. The aim of this chapter was to review recent work in assessing the impact of water quality and availability on food security and the related ecosystems. The review covers not only global aspects, but also considerations specific to the Mediterranean Sea basin, reviewing the methods to measure and quantify the potential change and the alternatives to manage it. The chapter provides a synthesis of key developments in the literature, identifies methodological gaps, and suggests research approach and policy solutions.