bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of supplementing diet with Thyme (Thymuas vulgaris L.) essential oil and/or selenium yeast on production performance and blood variables of broiler chickens
Authors: Noruzi Shokufe , Torki Mehran , Mohammadi Hamed 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundOrganic products for animals are becoming more widely accepted by consumers. Using herbal additives may lead to more healthy animal products. In this research, it is hypothesized that thyme essential oil (TEO) and/or selenium yeast (SY) would be helpful to enhance production performance in broilers.ObjectiveIn the current study, the effects of adding TEO and/or SY to the diet on broiler performance and blood parameters were evaluated in broiler chickens.MethodsA total of 480 chicks were distributed in 24 cages with 20 chicks (10 males and 10 females) each and assigned to be fed four iso‐caloric and iso‐nitrogenous diets including two levels (0 and 250 mg/kg) of TEO and two levels (0 and 0.3 mg/kg) of SY in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with six replicates.ResultsAdding SY significantly decreased feed intake in finishing period (22–42 d) (p < 0.05). Supplementation with SY and TEO significantly decreased plasma uric acid and triglyceride levels, respectively (p < 0.05). However, neither of the supplements had any influence on the plasma glucose and albumin levels (p > 0.05). The lowest level of plasma cholesterol was detected in the birds fed the TEO‐supplemented diet (p < 0.05). Addition of SY significantly increased blood glutathione peroxidase activity (p < 0.05).ConclusionsDietary supplemental TEO has a favourable effect on feed intake, weight gain, and body weight values. Besides, SY may decrease blood concentration of uric acid, as well as blood glutathione peroxidase activity. An interaction is detected between TEO and SY on blood cholesterol.
A caveat on the effect of modulators in the synthesis of the aluminum furandicarboxylate metal‐organic framework MIL‐160
Authors: Steinert Dominik Moritz , Schmitz Alexa , Fetzer Marcus , Seiffert Philipp , Janiak Christoph 
Published: January 2022

AbstractModulators are widely used in the synthesis of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) for improving the porosity and morphology. For aluminum MOFs modulation has been seldom reported and as is shown here for the example of the aluminum furandicarboxylate MOF MIL‐160 the positive effects of modulators are small and disadvantageous effects will be more likely. Formic acid as modulator can slightly increase the BET surface area and pore volume of MIL‐160 up to a modulator:linker ratio of 1.25 : 1. Acetic acid only shows some increase in both surface area and pore volume at the smallest tested ratio of 0.125 : 1. The stronger acids oxalic acid and hydrochloric acid with the also more aluminum‐coordinating anions have no positive porosity effect and decrease surface area and pore volume already at small amounts. At a 1 : 1 modulator:linker ratio for oxalic acid and at 0.75 : 1 for hydrochloric acid no porous MOF is formed anymore from the analysis by powder X‐ray diffraction and nitrogen sorption. Further, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy suggests that none of the tested modulators has any noticeable positive effect on the introduction of linker defects or the improvement of crystallinity or crystal size.
Concept and Application of Green and Hybrid Infrastructure
Authors: Nakamura Futoshi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecently, Japan has suffered extraordinary damage from typhoons, heavy rains, and megafloods, each of which has exceeded the upper limit of control by managed infrastructure for flood mitigation. First, I present a conceptual framework of hybrid infrastructure at the watershed scale, combining (1) fundamental green infrastructure (GI), composed of forests and wetlands in the watershed; (2) additional multilevel GI, such as flood control basins; and (3) existing engineered disaster prevention infrastructure, such as dams and artificial levees. Second, I introduce the disaster risk reduction function of natural forests and wetlands and three representative traditional flood control measures: discontinuous levees, overflow embankments, and flood protection forests. This GI should be properly allocated and maintained at the watershed scale to reduce damage by megafloods. The multiple types and functions of GI may provide essential habitats for wildlife and recreational opportunities for local residents and others. Finally, I address key points for planning, implementation, and governance of GI at the watershed scale.
Designing High-Mn Steels
Authors: Sawaguchi Takahiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHigh-Mn austenitic steels undergo characteristic plasticity mechanisms of the γ-austenite with an FCC structure, such as extended dislocation glide, mechanical twinning, and mechanical martensitic transformation into ε-martensite with an HCP structure and/or α’-martensite with a BCC/BCT structure. Distortions of polyhedron models are used to describe these plasticity mechanisms. These are the smallest volumetric units occupying the lattices and reflect the crystallographic characteristics of the lattices. The complicated crossing shears are correlated to the fine crystal phases formed at the intersection of the ε-martensite variants. The unidirectionality of the {1 1 1} < 1 1 2 > γ twinning shear provides reversibility to the dislocation motion under cyclic loading. Based on this knowledge, the design concept of high-Mn steels is described considering microstructural, thermodynamic, and crystallographic characteristics.
LHC constraints on hidden gravitons
Authors: Cembranos J. A. R. , Delgado R. L. , Villarrubia-Rojo H. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We analyze LHC data in order to constrain the parameter space of new spin-2 particles universally coupled to the energy-momentum tensor. These new hypothetical particles are the so-called hidden gravitons, whose phenomenology at low energies is determined by two parameters: its mass and its dimensional coupling constant. Hidden gravitons arise in many different extensions of the Standard Model of particles and interactions and General Relativity. Their phenomenology has been studied mainly in relation to modifications of gravity and astrophysical signatures. In this work, we extend the constraints for heavy hidden gravitons, with masses larger than 1 GeV, by taking into account events collected by ATLAS and CMS in the WW channel, Drell-Yan processes, and the diphoton channel from proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$

s

= 8 TeV.
Internalization of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids by resting and activated bone marrow-derived mast cells utilizes energy-dependent mechanisms
Authors: Alam Syed Benazir , Kulka Marianna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective and design
Drug delivery to inflammatory cells is dependent upon poorly understood, complex endocytic processes. Berberine (BBR), a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, binds to heparin and targets glycosaminoglycan-rich granules in mast cells (MC), but the mechanism of BBR internalization is unknown.

Methods
BMMC were treated with various concentrations of BBR for different amounts of time and BBR internalization was assessed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. BMMC were pretreated with endocytic inhibitors or a growth factor (IL-3) prior to BBR exposure to access mechanisms of its internalization.

Results
After 24 h, 48 ± 0.8% of BMMC internalized BBR and this process was dependent upon temperature and the presence of glucose in the medium. Methanol fixation reduced BBR internalization, suggesting the involvement of an energy-dependent active transport mechanism. To determine mode of internalization, BBR was encapsulated into Lipofectamine TM lipoplexes since these are known to circumvent classical endocytic pathways. Incorporating BBR into lipoplexes decreased BBR internalization by 26% and 10% (10 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml Lipo-BBR respectively) by BMMC. BBR endocytosis was significantly reduced by Latrunculin B (88%), Cytochalasin B (87%), Chloroquine (86.5%) and 3-methyladenine (91%), indicating that actin polymerization, lysosomal pH and lysosomal self-degradation via the autophagy pathway was involved. In contrast, IL-3 treatment significantly enhanced BBR endocytosis (54% by 40 ng/ml IL-3) suggesting that IL-3 signaling pathways play a role in internalization.

Conclusions
Our data suggests that internalization of BBR by resting and IL-3-activated BMMC utilizes an energy-dependent pathway that is dependent upon glucose metabolism and temperature. Furthermore, this process requires actin polymerization and lysosomal trafficking. These data suggest internalization of benzylisoquinoline compounds is an active and complex process.
Using Linked Data to create provenance-rich metadata interlinks: the design and evaluation of the NAISC-L interlinking framework for libraries, archives and museums
Authors: McKenna Lucy , Debruyne Christophe , O’Sullivan Declan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLinked data (LD) have the capability to open up and share materials, held in libraries, archives and museums (LAMs), in ways that are restricted by many existing metadata standards. Specifically, LD interlinking can be used to enrich data and to improve data discoverability on the Web through interlinking related resources across datasets and institutions. However, there is currently a notable lack of interlinking across leading LD projects in LAMs, impacting upon the discoverability of their materials. This research describes the Novel Authoritative Interlinking for Semantic Web Cataloguing in Libraries (NAISC-L) interlinking framework. Unlike existing interlinking frameworks, NAISC-L was designed specifically with the requirements of the LAM domain in mind. The framework was evaluated by Information Professionals (IPs), including librarians, archivists and metadata cataloguers, via three user-experiments including a think-aloud test, an online interlink creation test and a field test in a music archive. Across all experiments, participants achieved a high level of interlink accuracy, and usability measures indicated that IPs found NAISC-L to be useful and user-friendly. Overall, NAISC-L was shown to be an effective framework for engaging IPs in the process of LD interlinking, and for facilitating the creation of richer and more authoritative interlinks between LAM resources. NAISC-L supports the linking of related resource across datasets and institutions, thereby enabling richer and more varied search queries, and can thus be used to improve the discoverability of materials held in LAMs.
Layout optimization of structures with distributed self-weight, lumped masses and frictional supports
Authors: Fairclough Helen E. , Gilbert Matthew , Tyas Andrew 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe well-known ‘ground structure’-based truss layout optimization method has recently been extended to allow accurate modelling of distributed self-weight. By incorporating equally stressed catenaries in the ground structure, non-conservative errors caused by neglecting bending effects within members carrying their own weight are eliminated. However, in cases where the self-weight of a structure has a favourable role in supporting the applied loads, solutions that include convoluted arrangements of overlapping elements may often be generated. To address this, an enhanced layout optimization formulation is proposed that explicitly allows inclusion of favourable unstressed masses, such as counterweights. Frictional supports are also modelled and the cost of abutments and anchorages taken account of in the formulation. The efficacy of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through application to benchmark examples and to the conceptual design of a simplified long-span bridge structure, considering both ground anchored and self-anchored alternatives.
Urbanization Impact on Regional Climate and Extreme Weather: Current Understanding, Uncertainties, and Future Research Directions
Authors: Qian Yun , Chakraborty T. C. , Li Jianfeng , Li Dan , He Cenlin , Sarangi Chandan , Chen Fei , Yang Xuchao , Leung L. Ruby 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUrban environments lie at the confluence of social, cultural, and economic activities and have unique biophysical characteristics due to continued infrastructure development that generally replaces natural landscapes with built-up structures. The vast majority of studies on urban perturbation of local weather and climate have been centered on the urban heat island (UHI) effect, referring to the higher temperature in cities compared to their natural surroundings. Besides the UHI effect and heat waves, urbanization also impacts atmospheric moisture, wind, boundary layer structure, cloud formation, dispersion of air pollutants, precipitation, and storms. In this review article, we first introduce the datasets and methods used in studying urban areas and their impacts through both observation and modeling and then summarize the scientific insights on the impact of urbanization on various aspects of regional climate and extreme weather based on more than 500 studies. We also highlight the major research gaps and challenges in our understanding of the impacts of urbanization and provide our perspective and recommendations for future research priorities and directions.
A Concise Overview on Solar Resource Assessment and Forecasting
Authors: Yang Dazhi , Wang Wenting , Xia Xiang’ao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChina’s recently announced directive on tackling climate change, namely, to reach carbon peak by 2030 and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, has led to an unprecedented nationwide response among the academia and industry. Under such a directive, a rapid increase in the grid penetration rate of solar in the near future can be fully anticipated. Although solar radiation is an atmospheric process, its utilization, as to produce electricity, has hitherto been handled by engineers. In that, it is thought important to bridge the two fields, atmospheric sciences and solar engineering, for the common good of carbon neutrality. In this überreview, all major aspects pertaining to solar resource assessment and forecasting are discussed in brief. Given the size of the topic at hand, instead of presenting technical details, which would be overly lengthy and repetitive, the overarching goal of this review is to comprehensively compile a catalog of some recent, and some not so recent, review papers, so that the interested readers can explore the details on their own.
Statistical evidence that honeybees competitively reduced wild bee abundance in the Munich Botanic Garden in 2020 compared to 2019
Authors: Renner Susanne S. , Fleischmann A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn a commentary on our paper (Renner et al., Oecologia 195:825–831, 2021), Harder and Miksha lay out why they think that our finding of higher honeybee abundances reducing wild bee abundances in an urban botanical garden is not statistically supported. Here, we explain the statistical test provided in our paper, which took advantage of a natural experiment offered by 2019 being a poorer year for bee keeping than 2020.
Randomized controlled trial of robotic-assisted versus conventional laparoscopic fundoplication: 12 years follow-up
Authors: Lang F. , Huber A. , Kowalewski K. F. , Kenngott H. G. , Billmann F. , Billeter A. T. , Fischer L. , Bintintan V. V. , Gutt C. N. , Müller-Stich B. P. , Nickel F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsNumerous reports have addressed the feasibility and safety of robotic-assisted (RALF) and conventional laparoscopic fundoplication (CLF). Long-term follow-up after direct comparison of these two minimally invasive approaches is scarce. The aim of the present study was to assess long-term disease-specific symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) treated with RALF or CLF after 12 years in the randomized ROLAF trial.MethodsIn the ROLAF trial 40 patients with GERD were randomized to RALF (n = 20) or CLF (n = 20) between August 2004 and December 2005. At 12 years after surgery, all patients were invited to complete the standardized Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and the Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia questionnaire (QOLRAD). Failure of treatment was assessed according to Lundell score.ResultsThe GSRS score was similar for RALF (n = 15) and CLF (n = 15) at 12 years´ follow-up (2.1 ± 0.7 vs. 2.2 ± 1.3,p = 0.740). There was no difference in QOLRAD score (RALF 6.4 ± 1.2; CLF 6.4 ± 1.5,p = 0.656) and the QOLRAD score sub items. Long-term failure of treatment according to the definition by Lundell was not different between RALF and CLF [46% (6/13) vs. 33% (4/12),p = 0.806].ConclusionIn accordance with previous short-term outcome studies, the long-term results 12 years after surgery showed no difference between RALF and CLF regarding postoperative symptoms, QOL and failure of treatment. Relief of symptoms and patient satisfaction were high after both procedures on the long-term. Registration number: DRKS00014690 (https://www.drks.de).
Stand der mechanischen Löseverfahren im Bergbau
Authors: Sifferlinger Nikolaus A. 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungWährend zur Gewinnung großer Tonnagen im Erzbergbau die Sprengtechnik optimal genützt werden kann, ist im Streckenvortrieb untertage die mögliche Vortriebsleistung durch die Notwendigkeit, die giftigen Sprenggase auszuwettern, begrenzt.Weichere Mineralien wie Kohle, Salz oder Kali lassen sich sehr gut mechanisch gewinnen. Für Reef-Erze mit mittlerer Festigkeit, aber hoher Abrasivität sind mechanische Gewinnungssysteme in Erprobung.Für den Vortrieb in härteren Gesteinen sind die vorhandenen Teilschnittmaschinen mit Rundschaftmeißeln ungeeignet. Vollschnittmaschinen mit Diskenschneidtechnik sind zwar gut geeignet, aber mit ihren großen Wenderadien und dem kreisrunden Streckenprofil zu unflexibel.Daher sind derzeit von namhaften Maschinenherstellern Teilschnittmaschinen mit Diskenschneidtechnik in Entwicklung und Erprobung im Streckenvortrieb. Dabei werden tägliche Vortriebsleistungen bis 8 m erreicht, dies entspricht aber erst etwa 50 % der von der Industrie gewünschten Leistung im Hartgestein.Weitere Forschung und Entwicklung ist daher notwendig. Auch kombinierte mechanische Lösemethoden, bei denen das Gestein im Gefüge vorgeschwächt wird, können einen Lösungsbeitrag liefern.
Clinicopathological and immunological features of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma in the subcutis of a 9-year-old Lolo dog
Authors: Hamed Mohamed F. , Moharam Ibrahim , Zaghloul Adel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA 9-year-old female Lolo dog presented with a subcutaneous, large mass protruding from the right-side of her flank region with intact covering skin. Surgical excision of the mass revealed a well demarcated, large firm mass without invading the underlying muscle of the flank. The gross examination revealed a fish-flesh colored, large firm mass, histologically neoplastic cells exhibiting pleomorphism, multinucleated giant cells, and bizarre mitosis. Using immunohistochemical staining, the tumor cell was expressed with vimentin, desmin, and myogenin. Based on histological and immunohistochemical staining, it was confirmed as PRMS. The dog was followed up to 2 years after surgical removal. There was no recurrence, and the dog had normal health. The present case indicated that PRMS had characteristically histological and immunohistochemical features that could be used in differential diagnosis from highly confusing alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in dogs, and it must be included in differential diagnosis of anaplastic sarcoma in adult dogs.
Synthetic vascular grafts as a new treatment option for space-occupying tumor bed cysts
Authors: Schieferdecker Simon , Beez Thomas , Rapp Marion , Hänggi Daniel , Kamp Marcel , Sabel Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Several authors have reported the formation of slit valves as the underlying pathomechanism of space-occupying tumor bed cysts. Iatrogenic slit valves following the resection of high-grade gliomas have been linked to certain risk factors such as intraoperative opening of the ventricles and attempts to seal these. The best therapeutic management of such cystic lesions remains elusive. Several treatment options such as cyst fenestration or cystoperitoneal shunting have been employed but remain associated with high rates of recurrence. With the given complications of the above-described treatment options, the objective was to devise a new therapy option that is safe and effective and treats the slit valve itself rather than its symptoms.

Methods
Between the years of 2010 and 2020, we successfully treated four patients with high-pressure tumor bed cysts following glioma resection by implantation of synthetic ringed vascular grafts into the slit valve.

Results
Postoperatively, the tumor bed cysts were regressive in all patients. Moreover, none of the treatment patients developed any complications associated with the implanted vascular grafts. Revision-free survival was 10, 12, 53, and 126 months, respectively.

Conclusion
The use of synthetic vascular grafts as a means of stenting slit valves is a safe and effective novel treatment option for high-pressure tumor bed cysts.
The management and outcome of hyponatraemia following transsphenoidal surgery: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Hussein Ziad , Tzoulis Ploutarchos , Marcus Hani J. , Grieve Joan , Dorward Neil , Bouloux Pierre Marc , Baldeweg Stephanie E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hyponatraemia is a common complication following transsphenoidal surgery. However, there is sparse data on its optimal management and impact on clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management and outcome of hyponatraemia following transsphenoidal surgery.

Methods
A prospectively maintained database was searched over a 4-year period between January 2016 and December 2019, to identify all patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery. A retrospective case-note review was performed to extract data on hyponatraemia management and outcome.

Results
Hyponatraemia occurred in 162 patients (162/670; 24.2%) with a median age of 56 years. Female gender and younger age were associated with hyponatraemia, with mean nadir sodium being 128.6 mmol/L on postoperative day 7. Hyponatraemic patients had longer hospital stay than normonatraemic group with nadir sodium being inversely associated with length of stay (p < 0.001). In patients with serum sodium ≤ 132 mmol/L, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) was the commonest cause (80/111; 72%). Among 76 patients treated with fluid restriction as a monotherapy, 25 patients (25/76; 32.9%) did not achieve a rise in sodium after 3 days of treatment. Readmission with hyponatraemia occurred in 11 cases (11/162; 6.8%) at a median interval of 9 days after operation.

Conclusion
Hyponatraemia is a relatively common occurrence following transsphenoidal surgery, is associated with longer hospital stay and risk of readmission and the effectiveness of fluid restriction is limited. These findings highlight the need for further studies to better identify and treat high-risk patients, including the use of arginine vasopressin receptor antagonists.