bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Femoral Triangle Block in Combination with IPACK to Local Periarticular Injection in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Li Xiang , Wang Yuanyuan , Chen Yancheng , Qian Jiatian , Li Shiao , Chen Song , Fu Peiliang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective This article studied the efficacy of two different analgesic methods after unilateral primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to find an effective analgesic method.
Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo, parallel, and controlled study was performed to evaluate the benefits of combining the femoral triangle block (FTB) and the interspace between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee (IPACK). Forty patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis and underwent unilateral primary TKA with FTB and IPACK were divided grouped into the experimental group, and 40 patients undergoing TKA with intra-articular cocktail analgesic mixture local injection were grouped into the control group. All patients received the patient-controlled anesthesia pump for analgesia at postoperative 48 hours. The main indexes were postoperative knee joint rest and activity pain (visual analog scale) and muscle strength of the affected limb; secondary indexes were anesthetic consumption, total morphine consumption, range of motion, and complications (such as postoperative nausea and vomiting [PONV]).
Results There was no significant difference in the general data of each treatment group. Compared with the conventional group, the quadriceps muscle strength of the combined FTB and IPACK group was higher with significant statistical differences after surgery (p < 0.05). At postoperative 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, active pain was better than in the conventional group (p < 0.05). Resting pain was significantly smaller than the traditional group only at postoperative 2, 6, 12, and 48 hours (p < 0.05). Morphine consumption, anesthetics consumption, and hospitalization time were lower than the conventional group, the difference being statistically significant. There were no significant differences between the two groups in postoperative wound healing, infection incidence, blood pressure, heart rate, rash, respiratory depression, deep vein thrombosis, and urinary retention. There were also no significant differences in PONV (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Combining FTB and IPACK significantly increased the quadriceps muscle in patients, together with relieving early pain and reducing the amount of anesthetic consumption at different postoperative intervals.
Scenario-Based Evaluation of Team Health Information Technology to Support Pediatric Trauma Care Transitions
Authors: Hoonakker Peter L. T. , Hose Bat-Zion , Carayon Pascale , Eithun Ben L. , Rusy Deborah A. , Ross Joshua C. , Kohler Jonathan E. , Dean Shannon M. , Brazelton Tom B. , Kelly Michelle M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Clinicians need health information technology (IT) that better supports their work. Currently, most health IT is designed to support individuals; however, more and more often, clinicians work in cross-functional teams. Trauma is one of the leading preventable causes of children's death. Trauma care by its very nature is team based but due to the emergent nature of trauma, critical clinical information is often missed in the transition of these patients from one service or unit to another. Teamwork transition technology can help support these transitions and minimize information loss while enhancing information gathering and storage. In this study, we created a large screen technology to support shared situational awareness across multiple clinical roles and departments.
Objectives This study aimed to examine if the Teamwork Transition Technology (T3) supports teams and team cognition.
Methods We used a scenario-based mock-up methodology with 36 clinicians and staff from the different units and departments who are involved in pediatric trauma to examine T3.
Results Results of the evaluation show that most participants agreed that the technology helps achieve the goals set out in the design phase. Respondents thought that T3 organizes and presents information in a different way that was helpful to them.
Conclusion In this study, we examined a health IT (T3) that was designed to support teams and team cognition. The results of our evaluation show that participants agreed that T3 does support them in their work and increases their situation awareness.
Analysis of Blood Group Discrepancy in Healthy Blood Donors at a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital from Eastern India: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sahu Ansuman , Prakash Satya , Das Niladri , Routray Suman Sudha , Naik Archana , Mukherjee Somnath 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective ABO typing constitutes cell grouping and serum grouping. The discrepancy may arise in ABO typing due to a mismatch in cell grouping and serum grouping. It may be due to technical errors, missing or weak ABO antibodies (type I), weak ABO subgroups (type II), Rouleaux formation (type III), or other miscellaneous reasons (type IV). This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and cause of ABO blood group discrepancy in donor samples at our center.
Methods A retrospective study of ABO blood group typing of blood donors was conducted at our center. The blood group typing was routinely performed using gel cards and a microcentrifuge system (Tulip Diagnostics(P) Ltd, Goa, India). If any discrepancy in ABO typing was noted, the test was repeated using the conventional tube technique. After sorting clerical/technical error, the causes of discrepancy were analyzed and resolved using anti-A1, anti-H, anti-AB, and other immunohematological tests like antibody screening and identification, saliva inhibition test, adsorption-elution studies.
Results A total of 12,715 (98.6% males and 1.4% females) donor samples were tested. The number of ABO discrepancies detected were 15 (0.12%). The discrepancies were characterized as type I (6 cases; 40%), type II (1 case; 6.7%), type III (0 cases; 0%), and type IV (8 cases; 53.3%). Three cases, each of anti-M and anti-Leb, were detected in the study population. A single case of A3, a subgroup of A blood group, was found during the study.
Conclusion The prevalence of ABO group discrepancy was 0.12% at our center. Discrepancy arising during ABO typing of blood donor must be resolved before reporting ABO blood group to minimize the recipient's chances of transfusion reaction. The serum grouping is equally crucial as cell grouping for reporting the ABO group of an individual.
Clinical and Microbiological Profile of Patients with Bloodstream Infections Caused by Burkholderia cepacia Complex
Authors: Siddiqui Tasneem , Sahu Chinmoy , Patel Sangram Singh , Ghoshal Ujjala 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroduction Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is an emerging pathogen causing nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSIs), and its treatment is challenging due to its multidrug resistance. In India, there is a dearth of data on BSIs caused by BCC, therefore, an updated study is required to know the clinical and microbiological profile of these patients. We aimed to study the clinical epidemiology and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of BCC isolated from blood samples in our hospital.Materials and Methods This observational study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2020 at a tertiary care center in northern India. All the blood cultures were done on an automated blood culture system. All BCC isolates of BSI were identified depending on their morphological properties and biochemical reactions, and underwent the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system to confirm diagnosis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done as per Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute guidelines.Results BCC was isolated from 30 BSI patients over a 2-year period. Sixty-six percent (20/30) of patients had cancer and a majority of them were undergoing chemotherapy. The most common predisposing factors were the use of steroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and chemotherapy (93.3%), central lines (83.3%), use of higher antibiotics (60%), and diabetes mellitus type 2 (60%). The most common species isolated were B. cepacia (64%) and B. cenocepacia (30%). Isolates showed highest sensitivity to minocycline (100%), ceftazidime (73.3%), and meropenem (70%) and the least to ticarcillin–clavulanate.Conclusion BCC is an emerging pathogen causing BSIs, especially in malignancy patients. Minocycline can be a good choice for these bacteria.
Obesity, Comorbidities, and the Associated Risk among Patients Who Underwent Total Knee Arthroplasty in Alberta
Authors: Baghbani-Naghadehi Fatemeh , Armijo-Olivo Susan , Prado Carla M. , Woodhouse Linda J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObesity, a common risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), accelerates joint deterioration resulting in the need for early total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The role of obesity in the management of OA remains a controversial topic. In this study, we examined whether obesity along with other comorbidities is associated with peri/postoperative complications in patients who underwent primary unilateral TKA in Alberta, Canada. A retrospective secondary analysis was performed on data extracted from data repository of patients (n = 15,151) who underwent TKA between 2012 and 2016. The sample was divided into five groups based on body mass index (BMI) classification developed by the World Health Organization. The associations between dependent variable (presence or absence of a complication or comorbidity) with the independent variables (year of surgery, age, sex, length of surgery, and BMI groups) were examined using binomial logistic regression. Results showed that obese classes I, II, and III, irrespective of other covariates, were more likely to have diabetes and pulmonary embolism (p < 0.001) compared with the normal BMI group. Patients with obese class III compared with the patients in normal BMI group were more likely to have deep wound infection (p = 0.04). Patients with comorbidities were more likely to have a blood transfusion, infection, pulmonary embolism, and readmission. Patients in higher BMI groups or with comorbidities were more likely to experience peri/postoperative complications following TKA, though the level of risk depends on the severity of obesity. These findings may be used by health care providers to educate patients in higher BMI groups about the risks of TKA and optimize comorbidities prior to the surgery.
Sutureless Valve in Bicuspid Aortic Stenosis: Modified Technique and Midterm Outcome
Authors: Li Han-Yan , Tsai Feng-Chun , Lu Cheng-Hui , Chou An-Hsun , Huang Huei-Chiun , Gersak Borut 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background The sutureless valve has gained popularity for degenerative aortic valve stenosis but not congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) due to anatomical challenges. We reviewed our modified implant techniques for patients with BAV.
Methods From June 2015 to June 2019, 66 patients with aortic valve stenosis were treated with the Perceval sutureless valve, 20 of whom had BAV. The demographics, type of BAV (the Sievers classification), and associated pathologies, surgical outcomes, and midterm hemodynamics were recorded.
Results The median age was 64 (range: 49–81) years and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 2.186 (range: 0.407–6.384). Annular plication was performed in 9 (75%) of 12 type 0 and 3 (37.5%) of 8 type I, with implanted valve sizes of M, L, and XL in 6, 10, 4 cases, respectively. Three patients, all type 0 in the initial learning periods, required intraoperative redeployment due to malposition of the valve. The final implant was successful in all without conversion to traditional prosthesis. The median extubation time was 4 hours and the durations of intensive care unit and hospital stay were 1 and 6 days. At a median follow-up of 46 (23–72) months, there was one late mortality due to hemorrhagic stroke sequel. The last echo revealed none had more than mild paravalvular leakage and the mean transvalvular pressure gradient remained stable at 9.70 (range: 6.94–15.0) mm Hg.
Conclusion The sutureless valve can achieve satisfactory outcomes in BAV without paravalvular leakage and excellent hemodynamics. It may serve as the benchmark for transcatheter aortic valve implantation in this unique population.
Understanding of Behavioral Problems Among Young Persons with Intellectual Disability: A Self-Report
Authors: Ahmad Wasim , Arun Priti , Nazli Nazli , Ratnam Vani , Mehta Shivangi , Raina Deepti 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background Behavioral problems among young persons with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are pronounced, and it has been of significant concern for field practitioners. Different investigators have used various techniques and methods to study behavioral problems among persons with intellectual disabilities.

Objective The study was conducted to examine the concept of behavioral problems from persons with intellectual disabilities.

Materials and Methods Persons with ID (n = 13) with DSM 5 diagnosis of mild ID (IQ: 50–69) in ages ranging from 16 to 27 years were selected. For the present study, the qualitative method using Focused Group Discussion (FGD) was used.

Results The results suggest that persons with intellectual disabilities have an adequate understanding of their behavioral problems and can make efforts to control their anger and aggression.

Conclusion The study's findings showed that persons with an intellectual disability did not have knowledge of only the concept of behavioral problems, but they also employed methods to overcome these behavioral problems. The community needs to be made aware of this to get better opportunities in community participation, thus helping them contribute to society.
Synchronisation of zinc application rates with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus to maximise wheat growth and yield in zinc-deficient soil
Authors: Ilyas Fariha , Ali Muhammad Arif , Modhish Abdulaah , Ahmed Niaz , Hussain Sajjad , Bilal Muhammad , Arshad Muhammad , Danish Subhan , Ghoneim Adel M. , Ilyas Ayesha , Akram Arslan , Fahad Shah , Ansari Mohammad Javed , Datta Rahul 
Published: February 2022

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are found to be causing the most abundant symbioses between fungi and roots of terrestrial plants. AMF act as a biofertiliser that stimulate plant growth and increase plant productivity under poor soil fertility. In addition, unbalanced application of zinc (Zn) and the antagonistic relationship with phosphorus (P) also play an imperative role in decreasing crop productivity. It is necessary to synchronise Zn application rate with applied inorganic P and AMF to achieve optimum crop yield. For tha purpose, a pot trial was conducted on Zn-deficient soil with five application rates of Zn, i.e. 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mg kg−1. Two levels of inorganic P [0 (P0) and 21 (P1) mg kg−1] were applied with and without AMF inoculation. Results showed that more AMF colonisation was observed under deficient Zn and P conditions. Higher soil Zn (Zn120 and Zn150) significantly decreased the germination rate and plant growth. However, a significant improvement in germination, plant height, biomass, transpiration rate and 100-grain weight validated the productive functioning of AMF over no AMF. AMF inoculation alleviated P-induced Zn deficiency and Zn-induced P deficiency. Application of P0Zn60 and P0Zn30 with and without AMF is a better treatment to maximise wheat growth, yield and gas-exchange attributes in Zn-deficient conditions. It is also recommended to apply low Zn, (30 or 60 mg kg−1 Zn) when AMF is used, with 21 mg kg−1 P, or half of the recommended dose of P.
Integrative analysis reveals multiple modes of LXR transcriptional regulation in liver
Authors: Bideyan Lara , Fan Wenxin , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Priest Christina , Casero David , Tontonoz Peter 
Published: February 2022

Significance
LXRs are critical regulators of hepatic metabolism and function, but their mechanisms of action at the genome level are incompletely understood. We performed integrated analysis of genome-wide chromatin accessibility, gene expression, and transcription factor binding. We reveal distinct mechanisms of LXR transcriptional regulation of both metabolic and nonmetabolic genes in liver. We show that LXR can both activate and repress genes and that LXR binding impacts the activity of other transcription factors.
Heat rectification through single and coupled quantum dots
Authors: Tesser Ludovico , Bhandari Bibek , Erdman Paolo Andrea , Paladino Elisabetta , Fazio Rosario , Taddei Fabio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study heat rectification through quantum dots in the Coulomb blockade regime using a master equation approach. We consider both cases of two-terminal and four-terminal devices. In the two-terminal configuration, we analyze the case of a single quantum dot with either a doubly-degenerate level or two non-degenerate levels. In the sequential tunneling regime we analyze the behaviour of heat currents and rectification as functions of the position of the energy levels and of the temperature bias. In particular, we derive an upper bound for rectification in the closed-circuit setup with the doubly-degenerate level. We also prove the absence of a bound for the case of two non-degenerate levels and identify the ideal system parameters to achieve nearly perfect rectification. The second part of the paper deals with the effect of second-order cotunneling contributions, including both elastic and inelastic processes. In all cases we find that there exists ranges of values of parameters (such as the levels’ position) where rectification is enhanced by cotunneling. In particular, in the doubly-degenerate level case we find that cotunneling corrections can enhance rectification when they reduce the magnitude of the heat currents. For the four-terminal configuration, we analyze the non-local situation of two Coulomb-coupled quantum dots, each connected to two terminals: the temperature bias is applied to the two terminals connected to one quantum dot, while the heat currents of interest are the ones flowing in the other quantum dot. Remarkably, in this situation we find that non-local rectification can be perfect as a consequence of the fact that the heat currents vanish for properly tuned parameters.
Primordial black holes from spectator field bubbles
Authors: Maeso David Navidad , Marzola Luca , Raidal Martti , Vaskonen Ville , Veermäe Hardi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the evolution of light spectator fields in an asymmetric polynomial potential. During inflation, stochastic fluctuations displace the spectator field from the global minimum of its potential, populating the false vacuum state and thereby allowing for the formation of false vacuum bubbles. By using a lattice simulation, we show that these bubbles begin to contract once they re-enter the horizon and, if sufficiently large, collapse into black holes. This process generally results in the formation of primordial black holes, which, due to the specific shape of their mass function, are constrained to yield at most 1% of the total dark matter abundance. However, the resulting population can source gravitational wave signals observable at the LIGO-Virgo experiments, provide seeds for supermassive black holes or cause a transient matter-dominated phase in the early Universe.
nProFit: A Tool for Fitting the Surface Brightness Profiles of Star Clusters with Dynamical Models
Authors: Cuevas-Otahola B. , Mayya Y. D. , Puerari I. , Rosa-González D. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The surface brightness profiles (SBPs) of star clusters hold invaluable information on the dynamical state of clusters. The observed SBPs of star clusters, especially that of globular clusters, are in good agreement with the SBPs expected for isothermal spheres containing stars of reduced kinetic energies. However, the SBPs of configurations that satisfy these theoretical criteria cannot be uniquely expressed by analytical formulae, which had hindered the analysis of dynamical state of observed clusters in external galaxies. To counter this shortcoming, it has become a practice to use empirical fitting formulae that best represent the core and halo characteristics of theoretical models. We here present a general purpose code, named nProFit, that allows fitting of the surface brightness profiles of extragalactic star clusters to theoretical star clusters, defined by dynamical models of King and Wilson. In addition, we also incorporated theoretical models that result in power-law surface brightness profiles represented by Elson et al. The code returns the basic size parameters such as core radius, half-light radius and tidal radius, as well as dynamically relevant parameters, such as the volume and surface density profiles, velocity dispersion profile, total mass and the binding energy for a user-fixed mass-to-light ratio. The usefulness of the code in the dynamical study of extragalactic clusters has been already illustrated in Cuevas-Otahola et al. The code, which is python-based at the user end, but makes calls to advanced routines in Pyraf and Fortran, is now available for public use. We provide example scripts and mock clusters in the installation package as guide to users.
Approaching a revolution in hemiparasitic plant biology? A commentary on ‘Distinguishing carbon gains from photosynthesis and heterotrophy in C3-hemiparasite–C3-host-pairs’
Authors: Těšitel Jakub , Těšitelová Tamara 
Published: February 2022

This article comments on:Philipp Giesemann and Gerhard Gebauer, Distinguishing carbon gains from photosynthesis and heterotrophy in C3-hemiparasite–C3-host pairs, Annals of Botany, Volume 129, Issue 6, 12 May 2022, Pages 647–656 https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab153
Female countertactics to male feticide and infanticide in a multilevel primate society
Authors: Xiang Zuofu , Yu Yang , Yao Hui , Hu Qinglang , Yang Wanji , Li Ming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe occurrence of male feticide and/or infanticide represents an extreme case of sexual conflict: an adaptive strategy of male reproduction at the expense of females. Females are predicted to develop numerous countertactics; however, it has remained unclear whether countertactics can effectively shift the balance which likely depends on the social and mating system. We conducted a 15-year, detailed observation of female and male behavior during male replacement in free-ranging golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) of a multilevel society. We have identified several potential countertactics against feticide and/or infanticide, including pregnant or lactating females staying with ousted males or transferring to stay with the ousted male after being attacked, which lead to 2 of 11 fetuses succumbing to feticide, and extra-unit mating, female joint defense and transferring with their infants to other social units, which lead to 6 of 34 infants succumbing to infanticide. Female joint defenses crucially delay infanticide, providing mothers the opportunity to transfer with their vulnerable infants to another social unit where they have previously mated with the male leader or where they have female relatives. Importantly, in response to mothers starting to transfer, some males cease attacking infants, a change in behavior that is likely to be beneficial to males because during their tenures they can sire future offspring of the mothers who remain. Our findings show how dynamic interactions between males and females can be and how the conditions in multilevel societies can shift the outcome of intersexual conflict from males to females.