bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Classification of Brain Tissue and Stroke Lesions in Non-Contrast Computed Tomography Images of Stroke Patients Using Statistical Texture Descriptors and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Ohagwu Christopher C. , Agwu Kenneth K. , Onyekelu Christian O. , Mohammad Hameed , Abba Mohammed 
Published: May 2022

Aim: To characterize and classify stroke lesions and normal brain tissue in computed tomography (CT) images using statistical texture descriptors.
Patients and methods: Two experienced radiologists blinded to each other inspected CT images of 164 stroke patients to identify and categorize stroke lesions into ischaemic and haemorrhagic subtypes. Four regions of interest (ROIs) in each CT slice that demonstrated the lesion; two each representing the lesion and normal tissue were selected. Statistical texture descriptors namely, co-occurrence matrix, run-length matrix, absolute gradient and histogram were calculated for them. Raw data analysis was performed to identify the parameters that best discriminate between normal brain tissue and stroke lesions. Artificial neural network (ANN) was used to classify the ROIs into normal tissue, ischaemic and haemorrhagic lesions using the radiologists’ identification and categorization as the gold standard, and further analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Results: Three parameters in each texture class discriminated between normal tissue, ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke lesions. The discriminating co-occurrence matrix parameters were sum average parameters namely S1-1 SumAverg, S1-0 SumAverg and S0-1 SumAverg. For the run-length matrix, short run emphasis in horizontal, 1350 and 450 directions were the discriminating features. The discriminating absolute gradient parameters were gradient non-zeros, gradient variance and gradient mean. For the histogram class, the mean, 90th and 99th percentiles were the discriminating parameters. The ANN achieved a sensitivity of 0.637, specificity 0.753, false positive rate (FPR) 0.247, and false negative rate (FNR) 0.363 with co-occurrence matrix. With run-length matrix the sensitivity was 0.544, specificity 0.607, FPR 0.393, and FNR 0.456 while with absolute gradient the sensitivity was 0.546, specificity 0.586, FPR 0.414, FNR 0.454. With histogram, the sensitivity was 0.947, specificity 0.962, FPR 0.038, and FNR 0.053.
Conclusion: The histogram texture features showed the highest sensitivity and specificity in the classification of brain tissue and stroke lesions using the artificial neural network.
Must Land Reform Benefit the Victims of Colonialism?
Authors: Metz Thaddeus 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Elsewhere I have argued that African values such as communion and reconciliation require compensating those who have been wronged in ways likely to improve their lives. I have also contended that, when applied to land reform, this principle entails not transferring unjustly acquired land en masse and immediately to dispossessed populations since doing so would foreseeably lead to such things as capital flight and food shortages, which would harm them and the broader society. Oritsegbubemi Anthony Oyowe has recently argued against my claim that land reform should be enacted so as to benefit victims of colonialism while not greatly burdening innocent third parties, instead supporting the return of land to its rightful owners regardless of how the manner in which it were done would affect people’s quality of life. Here I expound Oyowe’s argumentation and respond to it in defense of my initial position, appealing to examples from southern Africa.
An African Approach to Western Islamophobia
Authors: Cordeiro-Rodrigues Luis 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Islamophobia is a form of prejudice significantly widespread in Western societies. To date, very little research in moral and political philosophy has been done to explain why Islamophobia is morally wrong. This article has the objective of addressing this gap in the literature by looking at Islamophobia in the West. In particular, the aim of this article is to explain why Islamophobia, in its Western expression, is morally wrong, articulating an argument based on an African value-system. The African value-system presented is of consequentialist pedigree, and I conclude that at least part of why Islamophobia is morally wrong is because it causes disharmony.
Why African American Philosophy Matters: A Case for Not Centering White Philosophers and White Philosophy
Authors: Radney El-Ra 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
This article asks why African American Philosophy matters. The notion of the “Black philosopher” continues to be an enigma. African descendants are not generally associated with the revered location and status of “the philosopher” and with doing philosophy. In a celebration of the sustained work of the Black philosopher-practitioner, who continues to suffer a fate of deliberate academic “invisibility” and historical erasure, this article supports the expansion of philosophical categories, philosophical conversation, and philosophical inclusivity. This work contends that the marginalization of African American philosophy can be understood from a synthesis of Foucault’s thesis of “subjugated knowledge” (how certain discourses are routinely disqualified by dominant ones) and Black philosopher Lewis Gordon’s explanation of “subverted realization,” which is built in to “white” modern thought. Both key philosophers help locate the problem questioned here. The overriding current of the “white (main) stream” of philosophy, by its deliberate exclusion of African American philosophy, disqualifies it.
The Òrìs.à Legal Tradition
Authors: Abímbó.lá Kó.lá 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article advances the claim that the Òrìṣà tradition is best conceived of as a legal tradition. Notwithstanding the fact that scholars have written extensively about the tradition from the perspectives of religion (W. Abimbola 1976; Hucks 2012; Murphy 1995; Olupona & Rey 2008; Stewart 2005), philosophy (K. Abímbọ́lá 2018; K. Abímbọ́lá 2006; Hallen 2000; Makinde 1988; Taiwo 2004), the arts (Abiodun 1975; Thompson 1984; Pemberton III 1977), and many other domains of inquiry, I maintain that the extant scholarship has underrated the significance of tradition, and has almost completely overlooked the fact that the primary function of Òrìṣà is the improvement of social interaction through the governance and regulation of conduct—which makes it a legal tradition.
Modernity and the Igbo Lifeworld: Theorizing the Modernization Dynamics of the Igbo World from the Habermasian Framework
Authors: Ude Donald Mark C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article theorizes the modernization dynamics of the Igbo world, using the Habermasian framework. Drawing on Habermas, it argues that Igbo modernity or, more precisely, the transformations associated with Igbo modernization, may be understood in terms of the “uncoupling” of systems from the Igbo lifeworld. Relatedly, it further argues that the crises and pathologies that attend modernity in Igboland owe largely to the “colonization” of the Igbo lifeworld by systems of modernity consequent upon this uncoupling. The article pays special attention to the realm of the lifeworld because it is a neglected sphere in the scholarship on the Igbo (African) experience of modernity. Besides, focusing on the Igbo lifeworld would provide the much-needed contextualized reading—one steeped in Africa—of Habermas’s important but rather rarefied theory of modernity. The significance of the article perhaps lies in this two-pronged engagement—the focus on lifeworld and the attempt to contextualize Habermas.
Potensi Pengembangan Pantai Nyanyi sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata di Kecamatan Kediri, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali.
Authors: Ni Putu Sri Utami Putri  , Ni Ketut Sutrisnawati  , I.B. Gde Upadana  , Fatrisia Yulianie  
Published: May 2022

Pantai Nyanyi merupakan sebuah pantai yang terletak di Kabupaten Tabanan Bali. Pantai ini memiliki berbagai potensi wisata baik itu potensi fisik maupun non fisik. Adanya berbagai potensi tersebut dapat dikembangkan sebagai daya Tarik wisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan potensi dan menganalisis kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman yang terdapat di pantai Nyanyi Tabanan sehingga dapat ditentukan strategi pengembangan daya tarik wisata yang tepat. Penelitian ini mengunakan teknik analisis dekskriptif kualitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi secara langsung ke lokasi penelitian serta wawancara dengan narasumber yang relevan, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan dengan memakai acuan beberapa jurnal yang sesuai dengan topik. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode Matrik SWOT. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pantai Nyanyi memiliki Potensi wisata baik potensi fisik maupun non fisik. Potensi fisik yang dimiliki berupa pemandangan pantai yang indah serta asri dan masih alami. Di sekitar pantai terdapat bukit dan tebing batu karang serta adanya hutan pantai. Pantai nyanyi memiliki ombak yang cukup besar sehingga sangat cocok dipergunakan untuk berselancar. Pantai Nyanyi juga merupakan pantai yang indah untuk bersantai sambil melihat matahari terbenam di sore hari, pantai ini memiliki panorama yang indah untuk berfoto. Sedangkan potensi non fisik dapat ditemukan dari aktivitas masyarakat sebagai nelayan. Kurangnya promosi dapat diatasi dengan memanfaat kemajuan teknologi yaitu promosi dengan internet dan media sosial. Upaya lainnya adalah dengan mengedukasi masyarakat lokal untuk sadar wisata serta pentingnya menjaga kebersihan dan kelestarian ekosistem pantai Nyanyi.
Incorporação de tecnologia tridimensional no SUS: Demandas de um laboratório vinculado a uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Pública.
Authors: Filgueira Anna Kellssya Leite , Martins Ketinlly Yasmyne Nascimento , Castelo Branco Rodolfo Ramos , Galdino Kátia Elizabete , De Morais Misael Elias , Valadares Eduardo Jorge Oliveira 
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é relatar as demandas do laboratório de tecnologias tridimensionais (LT3D), do núcleo de tecnologias estratégicas em saúde (NUTES), alocado na Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB) prestadas ao Sistema único de saúde (SUS) e analisar os impactos da incorporação desses serviços na sociedade. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e retrospectivo, conduzido através de uma análise documental no período de outubro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2022. Os dados analisados foram obtidos através dos formulários de solicitação. O procedimento metodológico iniciou-se com o levantamento dos dados, sem restrição, de todas as solicitações advindas de serviços SUS dentro do período de estudo. Os casos solicitados foram subdivididos, didaticamente, em: Demandas relacionadas a pandemia e demandas não relacionadas à pandemia. A análise dos dados foi realizada através de uma estatística descritiva e os resultados foram demonstrados em gráficos e tabelas com frequência simples e percentual. Foram identificadas 41 solicitações de serviços ao LT3D, sendo seis demandas relacionadas à pandemia e 35 não relacionadas à pandemia. Percebe-se que o laboratório se destaca na fabricação principalmente em biomodelos, guias cirúrgicos e nas categorias de órtese, próteses e materiais especiais (OPM).
Pengaruh Sikap Kewirausahaan Dan Orientasi Pasar Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi UMKM Di Kawangkoan Raya
Authors: Paka Oskarolina , Soputan Grace , Hamenda Bobby 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian saat ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sikap kewirausahaan dan orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja organisasi. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan menggunakan metode survey dengan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan SPSS 25. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 98 pelaku usaha umkm di Kawangkoan Raya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1). Sikap kewirausahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi umkm di Kawangkoan. (2) Variabel orientasi pasar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi umkm di Kawangkoan Raya. Besarnya kontribusi sikap kewirausahaan dan orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja organisasi umkm di Kawangkoan Raya sebesar 79,6%. Sedangkan sisanya 20,4% di pengaruhi oleh faktor lain tidak dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini.

This current study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurial attitudes and market orientation on organizational performance. The data used is primary data and uses a survey method with multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS 25. The sample in this study consisted of 98 SMEs in Kawangkoan Raya. The results of this study indicate that: (1). Entrepreneurial Attitude has a positive and significant impact on the Organizational Performance of MSMEs in Kawangkoan Raya (2) Market Orientation variable has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Performance of MSMEs in Kawangkoan Raya. The contribution of Entrepreneurial Attitude and Market Orientation to MSME Organizational Performance in Kawangkoan Raya is 79,6%. While the remaining 20,4% is influenced by other factors not included in this study.
High-Precision CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb Zircon Geochronology of Felsic Rocks in the Finlayson Lake VMS District, Yukon: Linking Paleozoic Basin-Scale Accumulation Rates to the Occurrence of Subseafloor Replacement-Style Mineralization
Authors: Manor Matthew J. , Piercey Stephen J. , Wall Corey J. , Denisová Nikola 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Felsic igneous complexes and associated volcano-sedimentary rocks in continental back-arc environments host large-tonnage and/or high-grade volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. The emplacement mechanisms, style, and preservation of these deposits is thought to be partially dependent on depositional rates of the host lithofacies (i.e., discrete volcanic eruptions) relative to the setting of massive sulfide genesis on the seafloor as mounds and/or via subseafloor replacement of existing strata. The localization and occurrence of subseafloor replacement-style VMS deposits is therefore strongly influenced by the characteristics of the volcano-sedimentary facies in the hosting basin and the rates of their emplacement; the latter are poorly constrained in the literature due to the difficulty of obtaining high-precision dates that make this possible in Phanerozoic and older rocks. New high-resolution U-Pb geochronology and detailed regional stratigraphic investigation indicate that Devonian-Mississippian volcanic rocks and associated VMS mineralization in the Yukon-Tanana terrane in the Finlayson Lake district, Yukon, Canada, were erupted or emplaced during distinct time periods (ca. 363.3, 362.8, and 355.2 Ma) in two discrete submarine basins: the Kudz Ze Kayah formation and the Wolverine Lake group. The VMS deposits in both settings are contained within intrabasinal rocks that accumulated at rapid rates of ~350 to 2,000 m/m.y. over 0.6 to 1.4 m.y. Locally, these rates reach peak rates up to 7,500 m/m.y. in the Wolverine Lake group, which are interpreted to reflect facies deposition by mass transport complexes or turbidity currents. These new dates indicate that rapid accumulation of volcanic rocks in the back-arc basins was critical for localizing subseafloor replacement-style mineralization and the development of the Zn-enriched GP4F, Kudz Ze Kayah, and Wolverine VMS deposits. Rapid depositional processes observed in these deposits and their host basins are interpreted to have an important role in developing highly porous and permeable, water-saturated lithofacies that provide optimal conditions for enhancing zone refining processes and subsequent preservation of massive sulfide mineralization, which are key in the development of high-grade and large-tonnage VMS deposits. It is herein suggested that quantitative basin-scale accumulation rates, as a result of new U-Pb geochronological methods and increased precision combined with detailed stratigraphic and facies analysis, may provide important perspectives on the formation of continental back-arc basins and the localization of VMS deposits in other continental margin environments globally.
Activating Dormant Strongyloidiasis Secondary to COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: AlKaabba Fahad A , Li Holman , Ibrahim Farrah 
Published: May 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has grown into a major global concern with huge efforts to combat the spread. Exaggerated inflammatory response plays a major role in which was the rationale to use corticosteroids as a treatment option. However, multiple studies showed an association between of opportunistic and bacterial infections in patients under corticosteroid therapy. We report a case of a 76-year old patient diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia, treated with 10 days Dexamethasone and Remdesivir who presented with abdominal symptoms with eosinophilia. Biopsy and stool studies revealed strongyloides stercoralis larvae. The patient was treated with 2 doses of Ivermectin with significant clinical resolution. Clinician should have high clinical suspicion for Strongloydiasis in patients who have lived or visited Strongyloides stercoralis endemic areas and for patients with unexplained eosinophilia. Prompt treatment with Ivermectin is crucial for confirmed cases and should be also implemented empirical in high risk groups, where obtaining a diagnosis is unfeasible.
Все элементы задачи равны, но некоторые равнее: роль эмоциональных предпочтений цвета элементов в изменении репрезентации задачи
Authors: Чистопольская Александра , Макаров Игорь , Коровкин Сергей 
Published: May 2022

Изучено влияние эмоциональных предпочтений решателя к элементам задачи на процесс ее решения. На материале решения задачи «5 квадратов» Дж. Катона проверялась гипотеза о том, что предпочтение элементов задачи может влиять на изменение ценности хода при манипулировании этими элементами. Предпочтение и отвержение элементов задачи экспериментально задавалось через окрашивание этих элементов в цвета, которые нравятся или не нравятся решателю. Однако полученные результаты продемонстрировали неожиданный результат – окрашивание двух спичек в этой задаче значительно затрудняют её решение. Мы связываем это с несколькими источниками трудности в этой задаче: разрушением изначальной конфигурации и построением новой конфигурации. Окраска элементов ослабляет один источник трудности (разрушает целостность конфигурации), но усиливает другой – концентрацию внимания на текущем расположении. В то же время было показано, что окраска элемента в предпочитаемый цвет может повысить шанс манипулирования этим элементов в качестве первого действия в решении. Анализ субъективных и объективных критериев момента наступления тупика выявил ряд трудностей в их использовании, что сигнализирует о необходимости их уточнения и корректировки.
Pinceladas a los Desafíos Históricos Normativos de la Libertad de Religión, desde una Perspectiva Constitucional y Laboral.
Authors: Ludeña González Gerardo Francisco , Muñoz Salazar Jennise Madeleine , Pasapera Rojas Donald , De Piérola García Violeta María 
Published: May 2022

Este artículo de revisión contiene un análisis jurídico sobre la problemática del derecho a la libertad de religión desde un enfoque histórico constitucional con citación de actos de discriminación y referencia laboral, desde la postura del Tribunal constitucional y los alcances de la Constitución política peruana, como un derecho fundamental de profesar y practicar sus creencias religiosas en sujeción a las normas y tratados internacionales sobre derechos humanos afín a la IV Disposición Final y Transitoria de la Constitución en referencia.
Se menciona un correlato histórico normativo disciplinar que busca mostrar cual fue la percepción de libertad de religión desde un revisión bibliográfica y estudios de casos con una aproximación a los derechos fundamentales frente a convicciones religiosas o ideológicas y objeciones de conciencia y actos de discriminación que nos brinda pinceladas interesantes frente a los desafíos históricos normativos anotados.
Towards Effective Supply Chain Collaboration: TOC-based Approach to Identify and Address Core Conflicts
Authors: Rodriguez Santiago 
Published: May 2022

Para lograr una cadena de suministro exitosa, es crucial que todos sus miembros colaboren. La colaboración en la cadena de suministro (CS) supone que todos los enlaces están dispuestos a colaborar y que no hay conflictos inherentes dentro de la red. En la práctica, puede que miembros u organizaciones dentro la cadena de suministro tengan conflictos y no logren la colaboración. Existe poca investigación práctica en el área, a pesar de que la necesidad de medidas de desempeño para asegurar la colaboración de la CS ha sido ampliamente reconocida en la literatura pertinente.

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar redes hipotéticas de cadenas de suministro para identificar y resolver diferentes dilemas que surgen cuando los miembros de la misma colaboran. También busca desarrollar un marco conceptual de uso de teoría de las restricciones (TOC) y las nubes de evaporación para lograr que los miembros de la CS reconozcan que hay muchos beneficios al involucrarse en una colaboración en la cadena de suministros. Teniendo en cuenta a Holt y Button (2000) y Gupta y Andersen (2018), en este artículo se exploran una serie de conflictos que varían desde conflictos muy genéricos que ocurren en cada red de CS hasta otros más específicos. Estos incluyen pronóstico, precios, entrega, riesgo e intercambio de información. Primero, se aplicó uno de los procesos de pensamiento de TOC, evaporación de las nubes, para comprender el lado del miembro de la cadena de suministro (CS). Esta herramienta permitió una comunicación efectiva al persuadir a los participantes de la CS de que la administración de la misma requiere entender las necesidades y deseos de todos sus participantes. En segundo lugar, se modeló la evaporación de las nubes como una herramienta para convencer a los miembros inmediatos de la CS de que la solución al conflicto central de colaboración de la cadena de suministro llega en forma de medidas Rendimiento Dolar-Dia (TDD) e Inventario Dolar-Dia (IDD).
Potential of Physical Activity-Based Intervention on Sleep in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Duy Nguyen Thai 
Published: May 2022

Sleep problems are widespread, and sleep disorders are frequent in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Physical activities (PA) are considered a practical, non-pharmacological approach for improving sleep. This study aims to explore the impact of PA on sleep in children with or without ASD. Seventy-five children were recruited, including 57 children with ASD and 18 typically developing (TD) children as control. Participants wore an accelerometer monitor (Sense Wear® Pro Armband 3, Body media) for 6 consecutive days and nights to assess sleep and PA. The results indicated ASD children had limited participation in PA compared with TD children (Total time for PA: 156 ± 79 vs. 216 ± 59 minutes on weekdays; 145 ± 93 vs. 178 ± 108 minutes on weekend). The children usually had more opportunities to participate in PA on weekdays and they tended to resist recommended bedtime (Sleep duration: 7.0 ± 0.8 vs. 9.6 ± 1.2 hours with ASD children; 7.1 ± 0.7 vs. 9.5 ± 1 hours with TD children). It also reported PA with moderate to vigorous intensity was better to improve sleep in children both with and without ASD. Finally, this study recommended promoting PA will help to improve sleep quality and reduce sedentary behaviors for children with ASD in particular and children in general.