bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VmMon1-Ccz1 Complex Is Required for Conidiation, Autophagy, and Virulence in Valsa mali
Authors: Xu Liangsheng , Zhang Xiaolong , Zheng Dian , Chang Yali , Zhang Feiran , Wang Yinghao , Huang Lili 
Published: July 2022

Apple Valsa canker caused by Valsa mali is a serious disease in eastern Asia, especially in China. In our previous proteomics study, monensin sensitivity 1 protein in Valsa mali ( VmMon1) was identified to be significantly upregulated during V. mali infection. It was reported Mon1 protein formed a heterodimer called MC (Mon1-Ccz1) complex with caffeine, calcium, and zinc sensitivity 1 protein (Ccz1) in yeast. However, Ccz1 had not been identified in plant-pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium graminearum and Magnaporthe oryzae. Here, we identified a Ccz1 ortholog VmCcz1 in V. mali, by using DELTA-BLAST. The interaction of VmMon1 and VmCcz1 were verified using yeast two-hybrid assay, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Further yeast three-hybrid screenings determined that VmRab7 (Ras-related protein in V. mali) interacted with the MC complex. Targeted gene deletion showed that the ∆ VmMon1 and ∆ VmCcz1 mutants were defective in vegetative growth, conidiation, and pathogenicity. In addition, both mutants were more sensitive to osmotic and oxidative stresses and intracellular protein transport inhibitors. Cytological examination revealed that the ∆ VmMon1 and ∆ VmCcz1 mutants were impaired in vacuole fusion and autophagy. More importantly, expression of pectinase genes decreased in both mutants compared with those of the wild type during infection. Overall, our study identified Mon1 and Ccz1 genes in V. mali and provided evidence that VmMon1 and VmCcz1 are critical components that modulate vacuole fusion and autophagy, thereby affecting the development, conidiation, and pathogenicity of V. mali. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PMB05 Increases Resistance to Bacterial Wilt by Activating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Reactive Oxygen Species Pathway Crosstalk in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Chuang Chiao-Yu , Lin Si-Ting , Li Ai-Ting , Li Sin-Hua , Hsiao Chia-Yu , Lin Yi-Hsien 
Published: July 2022

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum can infect many crops, causing significant losses worldwide. The use of beneficial microorganisms is considered a feasible method for controlling this disease. Our previous study showed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PMB05 can control bacterial wilt through intensifying immune signals triggered by a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) from R. solanacearum. It is still uncertain whether induction of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway during PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) is responsible for enhancing disease resistance. To gain more insights on how the presence of PMB05 regulates PTI signaling, its association with the MAPK pathway was assayed. Our results showed that the activation of MPK3/6 and expression of wrky22 upon treatment with the PAMP, PopW, was increased during co-treatment with PMB05. Moreover, the disease resistance conferred by PMB05 to bacterial wilt was abolished in mekk1, mkk5, and mpk6 mutants. To determine the relationship between the MAPK pathway and plant immune signals, the assay on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and callose deposition showed that only the ROS generation was strongly reduced in these mutants. Because ROS generation is highly correlated with RbohD, the results revealed that the effects of PMB05 on both PopW-induced ROS generation and disease resistance to bacterial wilt were eliminated in the rbohD mutant, suggesting that the generation of ROS is also required for PMB05-enhanced disease resistance. Taken together, we concluded that the crosstalk between the initiation of ROS generation and further activation of the MAPK pathway is necessary when PMB05 is used to improve disease resistance to bacterial wilt. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
The Hidden Disease: Delayed Diagnosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Co-Occurring Conditions
Authors: Lee Irene , Turnage Cassie , Sutyla Ryan , Mitchell Paul , Lindahl Hazel , Jesus Anna , Scharf Rebecca J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:

Objective:
Early diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is important for timely intervention to prolong function and preserve quality of life. The prevalence of various neurocognitive disorders is known to be higher in patients with DMD than the general population. In this study, we highlight cases of delayed DMD diagnosis that resulted from misattribution of early motor symptoms to co-occurring neurocognitive conditions. We also investigate the difference in age at DMD diagnosis in the setting of specific co-occurring neurocognitive conditions.

Method:
In this study, we reviewed 40 consecutive patients seen at a Certified Duchenne Care Center, excluding siblings of already-diagnosed patients. We highlight cases of significant delay in DMD diagnosis in the setting of co-occurring neurocognitive diagnoses. We also investigate the association of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), intellectual disability, and speech/language delay on age of DMD diagnosis.

Results:
The prevalence of co-occurring neurocognitive diagnoses was 73.1% in patients diagnosed at or after age 5 years vs. 35.7% in those diagnosed before age 5 years. The average age of DMD diagnosis was 6.6 years in patients with any co-occurring neurocognitive diagnoses and 4.9 years in patients without (p = 0.09). Individual analysis of ASD and ADHD showed significant differences. A greater number of co-occurring conditions were associated with an increased age at DMD diagnosis (R
2 = 0.87, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The data suggest an association between the presence of co-occurring neurocognitive conditions and a later age of DMD diagnosis. One cost-effective diagnostic step that can be implemented by all pediatric practitioners is testing serum creatinine kinase (CK) in any child with motor delays or hypotonia, even in the context of other behavioral or cognitive disabilities.
Straight-tip guidewire versus J-tip guidewire for central venous catheterisation in neonates and small infants
Authors: Kim Eun-Hee , Kang Pyoyoon , Song In Sun , Ji Sang-Hwan , Jang Young-Eun , Lee Ji-Hyun , Kim Hee-Soo , Kim Jin-Tae 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND
Central venous catheterisation in neonates and infants is challenging because of the small size of the vessels. The curve of the J-tip guidewire causes difficulty when inserting because of the larger radius and the tilted angle of the J-tip.

OBJECTIVE
We hypothesised that a straight-tip guidewire can facilitate guidewire insertion and improve the first-attempt success rate of central venous catheterisation.

DESIGN
A randomised controlled study.

SETTING
This study was performed between September 2018 and July 2021 in tertiary care children's hospital.

PATIENTS
We enrolled infants weighing less than 5 kg undergoing general anaesthesia.

INTERVENTIONS
Patients were randomly allocated to the straight-tip or J-tip groups. Ultrasonography-guided catheterisation was performed using the assigned guidewire.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome was the first-attempt success rate of central venous catheterisation. The secondary outcomes included the number of guidewire insertion attempts, the time required for successful guidewire insertion, and total time for central venous catheter placement.

RESULTS
Eighty-eight patients were studied. The straight-tip group showed a higher first attempt success rate than the J-tip group (86.3 vs. 61.3%, P = 0.007, odds ratio 4.0, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4 to 11.4]. Guidewire insertion attempts were higher in the J-tip group than in the straight group (P = 0.002, odds ratio 9.6, 95% CI, 7.9 to 92.9). Although the guidewire insertion time was longer in the J-tip group (P = 0.003, median difference 23.0 s, 95% CI, 7.0 to 48.0), the total catheterisation time was similar owing to the additional guidewire change process in the straight-tip group (P = 0.676).

CONCLUSION
In neonates or infants weighing less than 5 kg, central venous catheterisation using a flexible straight-tip guidewire can improve the first-attempt success rate compared with a J-tip guidewire.

TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03530618.
A new noninvasive finger sensor (NICCI system) for cardiac output monitoring
Authors: Flick Moritz , Jobeir Anas , Hoppe Phillip , Kubik Mathias , Rogge Dorothea E. , Schulte-Uentrop Leonie , Kouz Karim , Saugel Bernd 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND
The new noninvasive finger sensor system NICCI (Getinge; Gothenburg, Sweden) allows continuous cardiac output monitoring. We aimed to investigate its cardiac output measurement performance.

OBJECTIVE(S)
To investigate the NICCI system's cardiac output measurement performance.

DESIGN
Prospective method comparison study.

SETTING
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

PATIENTS
Fifty-one patients after cardiac surgery.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
We performed a method comparison study in 51 patients after cardiac surgery to compare NICCI cardiac output (CONICCI) and NICCI cardiac output calibrated to pulmonary artery thermodilution cardiac output measurement (CONICCI-CAL) with pulmonary artery thermodilution cardiac output (COPAT). As a secondary analysis we also compared CNAP cardiac output (COCNAP) and externally calibrated CNAP cardiac output (COCNAP-CAL) with COPAT.

RESULTS
We analysed 299 cardiac output measurement pairs. The mean of the differences (95% limits of agreement) between CONICCI and COPAT was 0.6 (−1.8 to 3.1) l min−1 with a percentage error of 48%. The mean of the differences between CONICCI-CAL and COPAT was −0.4 (−1.9 to 1.1) l min−1 with a percentage error of 29%. The mean of the differences between COCNAP and COPAT was 1.0 (−1.8 to 3.8) l min−1 with a percentage error of 53%. The mean of the differences between COCNAP-CAL and COPAT was −0.2 (−2.0 to 1.6) l min−1 with a percentage error of 35%.

CONCLUSION
The agreement between CONICCI and COPAT is not clinically acceptable.

TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00023189) after inclusion of the first patient on October 2, 2020.
Inhibitory Effect of Essential Oil From Fructus of Alpinia zerumbet on Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transformation Induced by TGF-β 1 and Downregulation of KLF4
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Zhao Shuang , Tu Mengxin , He Li , Xu Yini , Gan Shiquan , Shen Xiangchun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
Essential oil from fructus of Alpinia zerumbet (EOFAZ) protects vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury. Stimulation and injury factors can induce phenotypic changes in VECs and the occurrence of endothelial-mesenchymal transformation (EndMT), accelerating the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the role of EOFAZ in EndMT induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). All experiments were performed using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were preincubated with EOFAZ for 2 hours and then coincubated with TGF-β1 for 72 hours. Krüpple-like factor 4 (KLF4) was inhibited by small interfering RNA or overexpressed by adenovirus infection. Wound healing, transwell, and angiogenesis assays were used to evaluate the migration ability of HUVECs. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were used for mRNA and protein expression analyses, respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect expression of related markers. A coimmunoprecipitation assay verified the interaction between KLF4 and acetylated histone H3. TGF-β1 contributed to EndMT in HUVECs in a time-dependent manner, mainly manifested as an increase in cell migration ability and changes in the expression of EndMT-related mRNAs and proteins. EOFAZ could inhibit EndMT induced by TGF-β1. The results after transfection with siKLF4 were similar to those of EOFAZ treatment. After EOFAZ treatment, the expression of KLF4 and acetylated histone H3 decreased, and protein interactions between them decreased, while expression of the Notch/Snail signal axis decreased. EOFAZ can attenuate endothelial injuries and suppress EndMT in HUVECs under TGF-β1 stimulation conditions because it may downregulate KLF4, decrease histone H3 acetylation, and inhibit the transduction of the Notch/Snail signaling axis.
Naoxintong Capsule Activates the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway and Suppresses the p38α Signaling Pathway Via Estrogen Receptors to Ameliorate Heart Remodeling in Female Mice With Postmenopausal Hypertension
Authors: Cheng Lan , Maboh Rene Nfornah , Wang Huan , Mao Gao-wei , Wu Xiao-ying , Chen Hui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
Limited treatments are available for alleviating heart remodeling in postmenopausal hypertension. The cardioprotective effect of naoxintong (NXT) has been widely accepted. This study aimed to explore the effects of NXT on pathological heart remodeling in a postmenopausal hypertension mouse model in vivo and H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. In vivo, ovariectomy combined with chronic angiotensin II infusion was used to establish the postmenopausal hypertension animal model. NXT significantly ameliorated cardiac remodeling as indicated by a reduced ratio of heart weight/body weight and left ventricle weight/body weight, left ventricular wall thickness, diameter of cardiomyocytes, and collagen deposition in the heart. NXT also significantly increased the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) and downregulated the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (Nox2). In vitro, NXT treatment greatly suppressed angiotensin II–induced cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and excessive oxidative stress as proven by reducing the diameter of H9c2 cardiomyocytes, expression of hypertrophy and fibrosis markers, intracellular reactive oxygen species, and oxidative enzymes. Mechanistically, NXT significantly upregulated the expression of ERs, which activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibited the phosphorylation of the p38α pathway. Collectively, the results indicated that NXT administration might attenuate cardiac remodeling through upregulating the expression of ERs, which activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, inhibited the phosphorylation of the p38α signaling pathway, and reduced oxidative stress.
The Critical Effect of Bile Acids in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Qi Shangwen , Luo Xu , Liu Shuangfang , Ling Bishi , Jin Hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases and is the leading cause of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Bile acids are not only the products of cholesterol metabolism, but also an important class of signaling molecules. Bile acids exert their biological effects through the bile acid receptor signaling pathways. Bile acid receptors are widely distributed in human organs and tissues. The activation of transcriptional and signaling cascades controls bile acid metabolism and synthesis, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, immune cell expression, and inflammatory responses. A large body of evidence indicates that bile acids play an important role in the initiation and development of AS, and are strongly associated with AS risk factors. The major bile acid receptors, nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (liver) and membrane receptor G protein-coupled receptor 5, exhibit anti-atherosclerotic effects. Other nuclear receptors exert different anti-atherosclerotic or pro-atherosclerotic effects. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of bile acids and their receptors in AS and explore the pathway of bile acids involved in atherosclerotic lesions. The main research based on animal models or cell/tissue culture experiments is also discussed. This review provides new ideas for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for AS prevention and treatment.
Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury in Diabetic Patients and SGLT-2 Inhibitors: A Preventive Opportunity or Promoting Element?
Authors: Nusca Annunziata , Piccirillo Francesco , Viscusi Michele Mattia , Giannone Sara , Mangiacapra Fabio , Melfi Rosetta , Ricottini Elisabetta , Ussia Gian Paolo , Grigioni Francesco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a serious complication in patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures that require contrast use and negatively affects the long-term outcomes. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly those who have already developed diabetic nephropathy (DN), are more susceptible to contrast-induced renal damage. Indeed, contrast media amplify some pathological molecular and cellular pathways already in place in the DN setting. In recent years, sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have triggered a paradigm shift in managing patients with type 2 DM, reducing cardiovascular and renal adverse events, and slowing DN development. Some evidence also suggests favorable effects of SGLT2i on acute kidney injury despite the initial alarm; however, little data exist regarding CI-AKI. The present review provides an updated overview of the most recent experimental and clinical studies investigating the beneficial effects of SGLT2i on chronic and acute renal injury, focusing on their potential role in the development of CI-AKI. Thus, we aimed to expand the clinicians' understanding by underscoring new opportunities to prevent this complication in the setting of DM, where effective preventive strategies are still lacking.
Lessons Learned in Clinical Research Recruitment of Midlife Latinas During COVID-19
Authors: Cortés Yamnia I. , Duran Mayra , Marginean Valentina , Harris Latesha K. , Cazales Andrea , Santiago Lymari , Mislan Margarita Diaz , Perreira Krista M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this brief report is to describe lessons learned in recruiting and enrolling midlife Latinas in a pilot study to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk during the menopause transition. We also discuss strategies implemented to overcome the challenges presented by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods

Menopausia, Salud y Corazo´n is a two-group (intervention, waitlist control), repeated measures study. The intervention consists of CVD risk education, coping skills training, physical activity, and stress management. Eligible participants are peri- and early postmenopausal Latinas age 40 to 60 years, free of CVD. From August 2020 to October 2021, we screened 110 women recruited from cultural events and health fairs (n = 56), local businesses (n = 24), and snowball sampling (n = 30). Of these, 60 were eligible for inclusion and 41 enrolled.

Results
Strategies that contributed to successful recruitment included: a primarily Latina bilingual (English, Spanish) research team; flexibility with location and scheduling of data collection; and multiple modes of communication (ie, mailings, phone calls, and text messages). Additionally, we addressed Latino cultural values such as respeto (respect), familismo (loyalty to family), and confianza (trust). In response to COVID-19, we included virtual recruitment strategies, limited in-person visits, and distributed community resources for COVID-19.

Conclusion
We have found that despite the challenges presented by COVID-19, midlife Latinas are receptive to clinical research engagement. Researcher flexibility, multiple recruitment modalities, a bilingual research team, and communication strategies that address cultural values are essential elements for the representation of midlife Latinas in research.
Intermittent feeding and circadian rhythm in critical illness
Authors: Kouw Imre W.K. , Heilbronn Leonie K. , van Zanten Arthur R.H. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Circadian rhythms, i.e., periodic oscillations in internal biological processes, modulate metabolic processes such as hormonal signalling, nutrient absorption, and xenobiotic detoxification. Meal timing is a strong entraining cue for peripheral clocks in various organs, and eating out of circadian phases can impair glucose, gastrointestinal, and muscle metabolism. Sleep/wake cycles and circadian rhythms are extremely disrupted during critical illness. Timing of nutritional support may help preserve circadian rhythms and improve post-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) recovery. This review summarises circadian disruptors during ICU admission and evaluates the potential benefits of intermittent feeding on metabolism and circadian rhythms.

Recent findings
Rhythmic expression of core clock genes becomes rapidly disturbed during critical illness and remains disturbed for weeks. Intermittent, bolus, and cyclic enteral feeding have been directly compared to routine continuous feeding, yet no benefits on glycaemic control, gastrointestinal tolerance, and muscle mass have been observed and impacts of circadian clocks remain untested.

Summary
Aligning timing of nutritional intake, physical activity, and/or medication with circadian rhythms are potential strategies to reset peripheral circadian rhythms and may enhance ICU recovery but is not proven beneficial yet. Therefore, selecting intermittent feeding over continuous feeding must be balanced against the pros and cons of clinical practice.
Application of behavioral economics for understanding health behaviors among adolescents and young adults
Authors: Huynh Ashley , Wisk Lauren E. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Behavioral economics (BE) concepts have become well studied tools in addressing patient issues, such as weight loss, smoking cessation, and medication adherence. Although predominantly studied in adult populations, emerging literature has shown BE's utility for adolescent/young adult (AYA) populations, offering a practical framework to safeguard AYA health and influence healthy decision making.

Recent findings
We identified substantive areas in which BE concepts have been applied in AYA populations (e.g., substance use) and outline how these concepts have been used as a tool to identify individuals at risk for poor outcomes and to leverage behavioral insights to improve health behaviors.

Summary
BE research holds significant promise as a tool for clinicians and researchers to encourage healthy decision making in AYA populations. Yet, there are opportunities for BE research to expand further into current trends impacting adolescent health, such as electronic nicotine delivery systems, social media apps, and coronavirus disease 2019 vaccinations. Furthermore, the full degree of BE utility remains to be explored, as few studies demonstrate the translation of associative findings into direct interventions. Additional work is needed to formalize BE techniques into best practices that clinicians can implement in their daily practice.