bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The coupled electrocatalyst synergy fabrication for the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction: From electrode to green energy system
Authors: Mugheri Abdul Qayoom , Qamer Syeda Fatima , Otho Aijaz Ali , Mahmoud Mohamed H. , Fouad Hassan , Akhtar M. Shaheer 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdvanced, functional, and novel electrocatalytic material for the electrochemical water splitting is core to the renewable energy sector. Herein, we fabricated CoCu oxide functional material on the nickel foam by a hydrothermal method that is highly rich in copper nanoparticles. The composite material showed superfast electrocatalytic performance in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). A distinguished durability test was obtained; the Tafel slope is relatively weak on an overpotential at 10 mA/cm2 obtained potential 270 mV and was determined for the developed electrocatalyst, which is very closer to the RuO/C. The attractive features of the newly developed material are high abundance in nature, environment‐friendly, cost‐effectiveness, and superior for the OER activity being non‐precious material. The developed catalyst revealed good stability and durability, which indicate its practical applications and long‐term stability. This strategy offered to effectively hierarchical low‐cost and best structural properties for the electrocatalyst containing rare‐earth metals.
The moderating role of sexual minority status in the associations of the experience and tolerance of shame‐related emotions to suicide risk
Authors: Mann Adam J. D. , Kurtz Andrew J. , Tull Matthew T. , Gratz Kim L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the associations of the experience and tolerance of shame‐related emotions to suicide risk, as well as the moderating role of sexual minority status.MethodsCommunity adults (N = 360) were recruited via MTurk and completed self‐report questionnaires. Hierarchical regression analyses examined the main and interactive associations of sexual minority status and shame‐related variables to suicide risk.ResultsResults revealed significant positive associations between self‐disgust and suicide risk for sexual minority and heterosexual participants, although the magnitude was greater for sexual minority participants. Additionally, tolerance of shame was significantly negatively related to suicide risk only among sexual minority participants. Finally, exploratory analyses examining the three‐way interaction of self‐disgust, shame tolerance, and sexual minority status revealed a significant negative association between shame tolerance and suicide risk only among sexual minority participants with high levels of self‐disgust.ConclusionResults highlight the relevance of shame‐related experiences to suicide risk among sexual minorities.
Cardiac glycosides stimulate endocytosis of GLUT1 via intracellular Na+,K+‐ATPase α3‐isoform in human cancer cells
Authors: Fujii Takuto , Katoh Mizuki , Ootsubo Manami , Nguyen Oanh T. T. , Iguchi Mayumi , Shimizu Takahiro , Tabuchi Yoshiaki , Shimizu Yasuharu , Takeshima Hiroshi , Sakai Hideki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlucose transporter GLUT1 plays a primary role in the glucose metabolism of cancer cells. Here, we found that cardiac glycosides (CGs) such as ouabain, oleandrin, and digoxin, which are Na+,K+‐ATPase inhibitors, decreased the GLUT1 expression in the plasma membrane of human cancer cells (liver cancer HepG2, colon cancer HT‐29, gastric cancer MKN45, and oral cancer KB cells). The effective concentration of ouabain was lower than that for inhibiting the activity of Na+,K+‐ATPase α1‐isoform (α1NaK) in the plasma membrane. The CGs also inhibited [3H]2‐deoxy‐
d‐glucose uptake, lactate secretion, and proliferation of the cancer cells. In intracellular vesicles of human cancer cells, Na+,K+‐ATPase α3‐isoform (α3NaK) is abnormally expressed. Here, a low concentration of ouabain inhibited the activity of α3NaK. Knockdown of α3NaK significantly inhibited the ouabain‐decreased GLUT1 expression in HepG2 cells, while the α1NaK knockdown did not. Consistent with the results in human cancer cells, CGs had no effect on GLUT1 expression in rat liver cancer dRLh‐84 cells where α3NaK was not endogenously expressed. Interestingly, CGs decreased GLUT expression in the dRLh‐84 cells exogenously expressing α3NaK. In HepG2 cells, α3NaK was found to be colocalized with TPC1, a Ca2+‐releasing channel activated by nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). The CGs‐decreased GLUT1 expression was significantly inhibited by a Ca2+ chelator, a Ca2+‐ATPase inhibitor, and a NAADP antagonist. The GLUT1 decrease was also attenuated by inhibitors of dynamin and phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinases (PI3Ks). In conclusion, the binding of CGs to intracellular α3NaK elicits the NAADP‐mediated Ca2+ mobilization followed by the dynamin‐dependent GLUT1 endocytosis in human cancer cells.
Subdimensions of social‐communication behavior in autism—A replication study
Authors: Stroth Sanna , Niehaus Hauke , Wolff Nicole , Poustka Luise , Roessner Veit , Kamp‐Becker Inge , Endres Dominik 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn order to identify more refined dimensions of social‐communication impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) a previous study applied exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to diagnostic algorithm scores of the autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS), Module 3. A three‐factor model consisting of repetitive behaviors, impairments in ‘Basic Social‐Communication’ and in ‘Interaction quality’ (IQ) was established and confirmed. The current study aimed to replicate this model in an independent sample. To advance our understanding of the latent structure of social communication deficits, previous work was complemented by a probabilistic approach.MethodsParticipants (N = 1363) included verbally fluent children and young adults, diagnosed as ASD or non‐ASD based on “gold standard” best‐estimate clinical diagnosis. Confirmatory factor analysis examined the factor structure of algorithm items from the ADOS Module 3 and correlations with individual characteristics (cognitive abilities, age) were analyzed. Linear Regressions were used to test the contribution of each latent factor to the prediction of an ASD diagnosis. To tackle large inter‐correlations of the latent factors, a Bayesian exploratory factor analysis (BEFA) was applied.ResultsResults confirmed the previously reported observation of three latent dimensions in the ADOS algorithm reflecting ‘Restricted, Repetitive Behaviors’, ‘Basic Social‐Communication’ behaviors and ‘Interaction Quality’. All three dimensions contributed independently and additively to the prediction of an ASD diagnosis.ConclusionBy replicating previous findings in a large clinical sample our results contribute to further conceptualize the social‐communication impairments in ASD as two dimensional.
Therapeutic potential of deuterium‐stabilized (R)‐pioglitazone—PXL065—for X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Monternier Pierre‐Axel , Singh Jaspreet , Parasar Parveen , Theurey Pierre , DeWitt Sheila , Jacques Vincent , Klett Eric , Kaur Navtej , Nagaraja Tavarekere N. , Moller David E. , Hallakou‐Bozec Sophie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractX‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) results from ABCD1 gene mutations which impair Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (VLCFA; C26:0 and C24:0) peroxisomal import and β‐oxidation, leading to accumulation in plasma and tissues. Excess VLCFA drives impaired cellular functions (e.g. disrupted mitochondrial function), inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Major disease phenotypes include: adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), progressive spinal cord axonal degeneration, and cerebral ALD (C‐ALD), inflammatory white matter demyelination and degeneration. No pharmacological treatment is available to‐date for ALD. Pioglitazone, an anti‐diabetic thiazolidinedione, exerts potential benefits in ALD models. Its mechanisms are genomic (PPARγ agonism) and nongenomic (mitochondrial pyruvate carrier—MPC, long‐chain acyl‐CoA synthetase 4—ACSL4, inhibition). However, its use is limited by PPARγ‐driven side effects (e.g. weight gain, edema). PXL065 is a clinical‐stage deuterium‐stabilized (R)‐enantiomer of pioglitazone which lacks PPARγ agonism but retains MPC activity. Here, we show that incubation of ALD patient‐derived cells (both AMN and C‐ALD) and glial cells from Abcd1‐null mice with PXL065 resulted in: normalization of elevated VLCFA, improved mitochondrial function, and attenuated indices of inflammation. Compensatory peroxisomal transporter gene expression was also induced. Additionally, chronic treatment of Abcd1‐null mice lowered VLCFA in plasma, brain and spinal cord and improved both neural histology (sciatic nerve) and neurobehavioral test performance. Several in vivo effects of PXL065 exceeded those achieved with pioglitazone. PXL065 was confirmed to lack PPARγ agonism but retained ACSL4 activity of pioglitazone. PXL065 has novel actions and mechanisms and exhibits a range of potential benefits in ALD models; further testing of this molecule in ALD patients is warranted.
Dorsal root ganglia, neural crest migration, and spinal cord form in snakes
Authors: Cundall David , Deufel Alexandra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe classic view of the vertebrate dorsal root ganglion is that it arises from trunk neural crest cells that migrate to positions lateral to the spinal cord, sending axons dorsally into the spinal cord and dendrites ventrally to meet with motor axons in the ventral root to form spinal nerves. As a result, the ganglion ends up lying in the dorsal root of the spinal nerve. Serial histological sections of parts of the trunk of juveniles of different snake species revealed that the ganglia lie distal to the junction of dorsal and ventral roots of spinal nerves and outside the neural canal. The anatomical position of spinal ganglia in snakes suggests that regulation of trunk neural crest migration in snakes differs from that in the model endotherms in which it has been most thoroughly explored. Dorsal roots have no distinct rootlets and the span of root entry to the spinal cord is short compared to that of ventral rootlets in the same segment. Comparing early developmental stages to juvenile spinal cords shows an increased separation of spinal nerve root sites and ventral migration of the ganglion in later development. Dorsal rami of the spinal nerves leave directly from the dorsal edge of the ganglion, and the ventral ramus leaves from the ventral tip of the ganglion. How these features relate to the developmental regulation of ganglion form and position and the extraordinary locomotor capabilities of the snake trunk are unclear.
Survival benefit of l‐carnitine supplementation in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Miwa Takao , Hanai Tatsunori , Nishimura Kayoko , Sakai Yuko , Imai Kenji , Suetsugu Atsushi , Takai Koji , Shiraki Makoto , Katsumura Naoki , Shimizu Masahito 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundl‐Carnitine supplementation is effective in improving muscle cramps, hyperammonemia, and hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. However, limited evidence is available on the effect of
l‐carnitine supplementation on the survival of patients with cirrhosis.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 674 patients with cirrhosis admitted to Gifu University Hospital or Chuno Kosei Hospital between October 2011 and December 2018 were enrolled. l‐carnitine supplementation was defined as the use of
l‐carnitine for >30 consecutive days during the follow‐up period. Propensity score matching was applied to create comparable groups between
l‐carnitine–treated and untreated patients. Mortality was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsAmong the patients, 93 were excluded. Of the remaining 581 patients, 71 (12%) received l‐carnitine supplementation. Propensity matching identified 189 patients (63
l‐carnitine–treated and 126 untreated patients) with comparable baseline characteristics in both groups. Of the matched patients, 33 (52%)
l‐carnitine–treated and 74 (59%) untreated patients died during the median follow‐up period of 36.3 months. Overall survival was significantly higher in
l‐carnitine–treated patients than in untreated patients (hazard ratio [HR], 0.66; 95% CI, 0.43–0.99). A subgroup analysis showed that the survival benefit of
l‐carnitine supplementation was prominent in patients with Child‐Pugh Class B or C (HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.23–0.68), serum albumin levels ≤3.5 g/dl (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37–0.95), and ammonia levels ≥90 mcg/dl (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.26–0.97), and in those without sarcopenia (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.35–0.90).Conclusionl‐Carnitine supplementation may improve survival in patients with cirrhosis.
Opportunity recognition and knowledge transfer in the champagne industry: A conceptual analysis
Authors: Atwal Glyn , Hultén Peter , Williams Alistair , Kaiser Maya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe distinctive advantage in an entrepreneurial venture derives from the adoption of embedded knowledge to create and renew cultural capital. Champagne houses pursue a knowledge transfer strategy to achieve a competitive advantage related to the cultural and managerial orientation of the defined champagne house cluster. The distinctive advantage in an entrepreneurial setup derives from adopting embedded knowledge within the organization to create and renew cultural capital.
Reflections on defining a standard for computable expression of scientific knowledge: What teach us Yoda can
Authors: Alper Brian S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractScience advances at a slow pace but can be accelerated with a standard for computable expression of scientific knowledge, more precisely a technical standard for electronic data exchange of machine‐interpretable data expressing scientific knowledge. Efforts to achieve this vision include Evidence‐Based Medicine on Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (EBMonFHIR), COVID‐19 Knowledge Accelerator (COKA), Computable Publishing LLC, Scientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation, and the Fast Evidence Interoperability Resources (FEvIR) Platform. The vision for communicating scientific research results to be instantly found, viewed, sent, received, and incorporated into thousands of system is a Just‐in‐time Evidence Dissemination and Integration (JEDI) vision. Reflections on JEDI teachings in a fun way helps explain the focus on the “Resource” to make science computable, how a precise specification of evidence changes perspectives, the need to reset standard terminologies, the inclusive nature of efforts to achieve the vision, and the critical demand to realize the vision.
Mechanofluorochromic Difluoroboron β‐Diketonates Based Polymer Composites: Toward Multi‐Stimuli Responsive Mechanical Stress Probes
Authors: Poggi Benjamin , Lopez Elliot , Métivier Rémi , Bodelot Laurence , Allain Clémence 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDeveloping mechano‐responsive fluorescent polymers that exhibit distinct responses to distinct mechanical stresses requires a careful design of the fluorophore in order to tune its interactions with the polymer. A series of mechanofluorochromic (MFC) polymer composites are prepared by dispersing difluoroboron diketonates complexes with various alkyl side‐chain lengths (DFB‐alkyl) in linear low‐density polyethylene. Observation of the resulting polymer composites under a microscope reveals different aggregate sizes of the three DFB‐alkyls, thus confirming the functionalization by alkyl side chains as a powerful approach to control the aggregation process in a polymer. Besides, the three polymer composite samples are shown to be sensitive to both stretching and scratching, thereby consisting in the first reported example of MFC polymer responding to these two distinct mechanical stimuli. To establish a structure–property relationship, the strategy consisted in applying controlled tensile or friction forces while simultaneously monitoring fluorescence changes. Interestingly, the intensity of the MFC response to both stretching and scratching depends on the alkyl chain length and thus on the aggregation properties of the fluorophore. According to a time‐resolved fluorescence study, the emission is found to originate from different species following the type of applied stress (tensile or friction force).
Transcriptome profiling reveals that VNPP433‐3β, the lead next‐generation galeterone analog inhibits prostate cancer stem cells by downregulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition and stem cell markers
Authors: Thomas Elizabeth , Thankan Retheesh S. , Purushottamachar Puranik , Huang Weiliang , Kane Maureen A. , Zhang Yuji , Ambulos Nicholas , Weber David J. , Njar Vincent C. O. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) virtually present in all tumors albeit in small numbers are primarily responsible for driving cancer progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cancer in men worldwide, and castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains a major challenge despite the tremendous advancements in medicine. Currently, none of the available treatment options are effective in treating CRPC. We earlier reported that VNPP433‐3β, the lead next‐generation galeterone analog is effective in treating preclinical in vivo models of CRPC. In this study using RNA‐seq, cytological, and biochemical methods, we report that VNPP433‐3β inhibits prostate CSCs by targeting key pathways critical to stemness and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. VNPP433‐3β inhibits CSCs in PCa, presumably by degrading the androgen receptor (AR) thereby decreasing the AR‐mediated transcription of several stem cell markers including BMI1 and KLF4. Transcriptome analyses by RNA‐seq, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis demonstrate that VNPP433‐3β inhibits transcription of several genes and functional pathways critical to the prostate CSCs thereby inhibiting CSCs in PCa besides targeting the bulk of the tumor.
Air temperature dependencies on the structure of thermometer screens in summer at Daejeon, South Korea
Authors: Park Jae‐Woo , Kim Joo‐Wan , Lee Sungjun , Kim Yong‐Gyoo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResults and accuracy of air temperature measurements made by meteorological thermometers hosted in thermometer screens strongly depend on the structure of the thermometer screen itself. In this study, the experiment was designed and conducted to understand the effect of radiation on air temperature observation. In order to control radiation sensitivity of thermometer screen, an umbrella made of Al alloy was installed over the thermometer screen (KTU). Air temperatures measured from five thermometer screens have been studied for several weather conditions using a 2‐month field experiment at Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS). The experiments comprised two version of KRISS type, which artificially ventilated thermometer screen (KTE and KTU) and three naturally ventilated round‐shaped multi‐plate thermometer screens (BT1, BT2, VT). The results showed that the air temperature of the KTU was approximately 0.10–0.50°C lower than the other group of thermometer screens without an umbrella, which blocked direct solar radiation. During the night, the umbrella minimizes the longwave energy from the KTU to the atmosphere. So the air temperature was roughly 0.10–0.18°C higher than that of the other group without the umbrella. It is confirmed that the umbrella installed over the thermometer screen minimizes the radiation sensitivity of the thermometer screen, and it has a significant effect on air temperature measurements.
Electric Current Detection Based on the MR Signal Magnitude Decay
Authors: Serša Igor 
Published: May 2022

PurposeConventional current density imaging method, which relies on the detection of the magnetic field induced by the current in an image phase, is demanding and difficult to perform. In this study, a much simpler signal‐magnitude‐decay (SMD)–based current detection method is proposed.MethodsConductive test and biological samples were imaged at various TE times using the gradient‐ or spin‐echo imaging sequences with superimposed constant or bipolar currents, respectively. The SMD curve was sampled for each image voxel, which enabled voxel‐vise current density calculation by fitting an appropriate SMD model curve to the measured SMD curve. Effect of the voxel size on the signal decay and precision of the current density calculation was studied as well.ResultsIt was shown theoretically, as well as verified by experiments on test and biological samples, that the current flowing though the sample creates an inhomogeneous magnetic field, which, as a consequence has a faster signal decay. Estimated current density from the measured signal decay increase agreed reasonably well with the actual current density, especially with the larger voxel sizes and longer times to signal acquisition. The sensitivity of the SMD method is up to the sensitivity of the current density imaging method.ConclusionSMD method of current detection is not limited to any particular sample orientation or geometry, and any pulse sequence capable of acquisition of the current‐induced signal evolution in a voxel can be used for it. This widens the scope of its application from tissues to in vivo studies on animals and humans.
One‐pot synthesis of high‐capacity silicon anodes via on‐copper growth of a semiconducting, porous polymer
Authors: Huang Jieyang , Martin Andréa , Urbanski Anna , Kulkarni Ranjit , Amsalem Patrick , Exner Moritz , Li Guiping , Müller Johannes , Burmeister David , Koch Norbert , Brezesinski Torsten , Pinna Nicola , Uhlmann Petra , Bojdys Michael J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSilicon‐based anodes with lithium ions as charge carriers have the highest predicted theoretical specific capacity of 3579 mA h g−1 (for Li15Si4). Contemporary electrodes do not achieve this theoretical value largely because conventional production paradigms rely on the mixing of weakly coordinated components. In this paper, a semiconductive triazine‐based graphdiyne polymer network is grown around silicon nanoparticles directly on the current collector, a copper sheet. The porous, semiconducting organic framework (1) adheres to the current collector on which it grows via cooperative van der Waals interactions, (2) acts effectively as conductor for electrical charges and binder of silicon nanoparticles via conjugated, covalent bonds, and (3) enables selective transport of electrolyte and Li‐ions through pores of defined size. The resulting anode shows extraordinarily high capacity at the theoretical limit of fully lithiated silicon. Finally, we combine our anodes in proof‐of‐concept battery assemblies using a conventional layered Ni‐rich oxide cathode.Key Points
We present a Si‐based anode with superior‐performance close to the limits of theoretical capacities with an advantage of factor ×10 over any hitherto produced, commercial electrode system.
Our electrodes sustain physical bending without surface reconstruction or crack formation, and heat shocks without loss of capacity and overall cycling performance.
The critical, novelty that enables the extraordinary performance increase and durability of our anodes is a class of semi‐conducting porous organic polymers that replaces all conventional additives in battery ink formulations.