bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imputation of non-genotyped F1 dams to improve genetic gain in swine crossbreeding programs
Authors: See Garrett M , Fix Justin S , Schwab Clint R , Spangler Matthew L 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study investigated using imputed genotypes from non-genotyped animals which were not in the pedigree for the purpose of genetic selection and improving genetic gain for economically relevant traits. Simulations were used to mimic a 3-breed crossbreeding system that resembled a modern swine breeding scheme. The simulation consisted of three purebred (PB) breeds A, B, and C each with 25 and 425 mating males and females, respectively. Males from A and females from B were crossed to produce AB females (n = 1,000), which were crossed with males from C to produce crossbreds (CB; n = 10,000). The genome consisted of three chromosomes with 300 quantitative trait loci and ~9,000 markers. Lowly heritable reproductive traits were simulated for A, B, and AB (h2 = 0.2, 0.2, and 0.15, respectively), whereas a moderately heritable carcass trait was simulated for C (h2 = 0.4). Genetic correlations between reproductive traits in A, B, and AB were moderate (rg = 0.65). The goal trait of the breeding program was AB performance. Selection was practiced for four generations where AB and CB animals were first produced in generations 1 and 2, respectively. Non-genotyped AB dams were imputed using FImpute beginning in generation 2. Genotypes of PB and CB were used for imputation. Imputation strategies differed by three factors: 1) AB progeny genotyped per generation (2, 3, 4, or 6), 2) known or unknown mates of AB dams, and 3) genotyping rate of females from breeds A and B (0% or 100%). PB selection candidates from A and B were selected using estimated breeding values for AB performance, whereas candidates from C were selected by phenotype. Response to selection using imputed genotypes of non-genotyped animals was then compared to the scenarios where true AB genotypes (trueGeno) or no AB genotypes/phenotypes (noGeno) were used in genetic evaluations. The simulation was replicated 20 times. The average increase in genotype concordance between unknown and known sire imputation strategies was 0.22. Genotype concordance increased as the number of genotyped CB increased with little additional gain beyond 9 progeny. When mates of AB were known and more than 4 progeny were genotyped per generation, the phenotypic response in AB did not differ (P &gt; 0.05) from trueGeno yet was greater (P &lt; 0.05) than noGeno. Imputed genotypes of non-genotyped animals can be used to increase performance when 4 or more progeny are genotyped and sire pedigrees of CB animals are known.
Few observation binary orbit solver (fobos) from two (or more) astrometric observations
Authors: Houghton Rebecca J , Goodwin Simon P 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
We have developed a new, fast method of estimating the orbital properties of a binary or triple system using as few as two epochs of astrometric data. fobos (Few Observation Binary Orbit Solver) uses a flat prior brute force Monte Carlo method to produce probability density functions of the likely orbital parameters. We test the code on fake observations and show that it can (fairly often) constrain the semi-major axis to within a factor of 2–3, and the inclination to within ∼20° from only two astrometric observations. We also show that the 68 and 95 per cent confidence intervals are statistically reliable. Applying this method to triple systems allows the relative inclination of the secondary and tertiary star orbits to be constrained. fobos can usually find a statistically significant number of possible matches in CPU minutes for binary systems, and CPU hours for triple systems.
Towards convergence of turbulent dynamo amplification in cosmological simulations of galaxies
Authors: Martin-Alvarez Sergio , Devriendt Julien , Slyz Adrianne , Sijacki Debora , Richardson Mark L A , Katz Harley 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Our understanding of the process through which magnetic fields reached their observed strengths in present-day galaxies remains incomplete. One of the advocated solutions is a turbulent dynamo mechanism that rapidly amplifies weak magnetic field seeds to the order of ∼$\mu$G. However, simulating the turbulent dynamo is a very challenging computational task due to the demanding span of spatial scales and the complexity of the required numerical methods. In particular, turbulent velocity and magnetic fields are extremely sensitive to the spatial discretization of simulated domains. To explore how refinement schemes affect galactic turbulence and amplification of magnetic fields in cosmological simulations, we compare two refinement strategies. A traditional quasi-Lagrangian adaptive mesh refinement approach focusing spatial resolution on dense regions, and a new refinement method that resolves the entire galaxy with a high resolution quasi-uniform grid. Our new refinement strategy yields much faster magnetic energy amplification than the quasi-Lagrangian method, which is also significantly greater than the adiabatic compressional estimate indicating that the extra amplification is produced through stretching of magnetic field lines. Furthermore, with our new refinement the magnetic energy growth factor scales with resolution following $\propto {\Delta x}_\text{max}^{-1/2}$, in much better agreement with small-scale turbulent box simulations. Finally, we find evidence suggesting most magnetic amplification in our simulated galaxies occurs in the warm phase of their interstellar medium, which has a better developed turbulent field with our new refinement strategy.
Constraining equation-of-state groups from g-mode asteroseismology
Authors: Kuan Hao-Jui , Krüger Christian J , Suvorov Arthur G , Kokkotas Kostas D 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Buoyancy-restored modes inside neutron stars depend sensitively on both the microphysical (e.g. composition and entropy gradients) and macrophysical (e.g. stellar mass and radius) properties of the star. Asteroseismology efforts for g modes are therefore particularly promising avenues for recovering information concerning the nuclear equation of state. In this work, it is shown that the overall low-temperature g-space consists of multiple groups corresponding to different classes of equation of state (e.g. hadronic versus hybrid). This is in contrast to the case of pressure-driven modes, for example, which tend to follow a universal relation regardless of microphysical considerations. Using a wide library of currently viable equations of state, perturbations of static, stratified stars are calculated in general relativity to demonstrate in particular how g-space groupings can be classified according to the mean mass density, temperature, central speed of sound, and tidal deformability. Considering present and future observations regarding gravitational waves, accretion outbursts, quasi-periodic oscillations, and precursor flashes from gamma-ray bursts, it is shown how one might determine which group the g modes belong to.
Multiwavelength properties of 850-μm selected sources from the North Ecliptic Pole SCUBA-2 survey
Authors: Shim Hyunjin , Lee Dongseob , Kim Yeonsik , Scott Douglas , Serjeant Stephen , Ao Yiping , Barrufet Laia , Chapman Scott C , Clements David L , Conselice Christopher J , Goto Tomotsugu , Greve Thomas R , Hwang Ho Seong , Im Myungshin , Jeong Woong-Seob , Kim Helen K , Kim Minjin , Kim Seong Jin , Kong Albert K H , Koprowski Maciej P , Malkan Matthew A , Michałowski Michał J , Pearson Chris , Seo Hyunjong , Takagi Toshinobu , Toba Yoshiki , White Glenn J , Woo Jong-Hak 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the multiwavelength counterparts of 850-$\mu$m selected submillimetre sources over a 2-deg2 field centred on the North Ecliptic Pole. In order to overcome the large beam size (15 arcsec) of the 850-$\mu$m images, deep optical to near-infrared (NIR) photometric data and arcsecond-resolution 20-cm images are used to identify counterparts of submillimetre sources. Among 647 sources, we identify 514 reliable counterparts for 449 sources (69 per cent in number), based either on probabilities of chance associations calculated from positional offsets or offsets combined with the optical-to-NIR colours. In the radio imaging, the fraction of 850-$\mu$m sources having multiple counterparts is 7 per cent. The photometric redshift, infrared luminosity, stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), and the active galactic nucleus (AGN) contribution to the total infrared luminosity of the identified counterparts are investigated through spectral energy distribution fitting. The SMGs are infrared-luminous galaxies at an average 〈z〉 = 2.5 with log10(LIR/L⊙) = 11.5–13.5, with a mean stellar mass of log10(Mstar/M⊙) = 10.90 and SFR of $\mathrm{log}_{10} (\mathrm{SFR/M_\odot \, yr^{-1}})=2.34$. The submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) show twice as large SFR as galaxies on the star-forming main sequence, and about 40 per cent of the SMGs are classified as objects with bursty star formation. At z ≥ 4, the contribution of AGN luminosity to total luminosity for most SMGs is larger than 30 per cent. The FIR-to-radio correlation coefficient of SMGs is consistent with that of main-sequence galaxies at z ≃ 2.
A comprehensive study of the opposition effect on 15 NEOs
Authors: Ieva S , Arcoverde P , Rondón E , Giunta A , Dotto E , Lazzaro D , Mazzotta Epifani E , Perna D , Fanasca C , Rodrigues T , Monteiro F , Medeiros H , Silva-Cabrera J S , Di Paola A 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
We report the results we derived analyzing photometric measurements obtained at different phase angles for 15 Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), observed from Campo Imperatore observatory, and Observatório Astronômico do Sertão de Itaparica (OASI). The performed analysis allows us to taxonomically classify them using several independent techniques, thus constraining their surface composition. The majority of this sample is in agreement with a pristine carbonaceous composition (C-complex/D-type asteroids), while few NEOs are composed of more evolved (e.g. S/M/E-type bodies) material. With this work we made evident that a comprehensive characterization of a NEO can be achieved through the coupling of spectrophotometric data and phase curve assessment. This is crucial in case these objects become target of future rendez-vous, sample-return or mitigation missions.
Detailed chemical compositions of planet-hosting stars: II. Exploration of the interiors of terrestrial-type exoplanets
Authors: Wang H S , Quanz S P , Yong D , Liu F , Seidler F , Acuña L , Mojzsis S J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A major goal in the discovery and characterisation of exoplanets is to identify terrestrial-type worlds that are similar to (or otherwise distinct from) our Earth. Recent results have highlighted the importance of applying devolatilisation – i.e. depletion of volatiles – to the chemical composition of planet-hosting stars to constrain bulk composition and interiors of terrestrial-type exoplanets. In this work, we apply such an approach to a selected sample of 13 planet-hosting Sun-like stars, for which high-precision photospheric abundances have been determined in the first paper of the series. With the resultant devolatilised stellar composition (i.e. the model planetary bulk composition) as well as other constraints including mass and radius, we model the detailed mineralogy and interior structure of hypothetical, habitable-zone terrestrial planets (”exo-Earths”) around these stars. Model output shows that most of these exo-Earths are expected to have broadly Earth-like composition and interior structure, consistent with conclusions derived independently from analysis of polluted white dwarfs. The exceptions are the Kepler-10 and Kepler-37 exo-Earths, which we predict are strongly oxidised and thus would develop metallic cores much smaller than Earth. Investigating our devolatilisation model at its extremes as well as varying planetary mass and radius (within the terrestrial regime) reveals potential diversities in the interiors of terrestrial planets. By considering (i) high-precision stellar abundances, (ii) devolatilisation, and (iii) planetary mass and radius holistically, this work represents essential steps to explore the detailed mineralogy and interior structure of terrestrial-type exoplanets, which in turn are fundamental for our understanding of planetary dynamics and long-term evolution.
The importance of the way in which supernova energy is distributed around young stellar populations in simulations of galaxies
Authors: Chaikin Evgenii , Schaye Joop , Schaller Matthieu , Bahé Yannick M , Nobels Folkert S J , Ploeckinger Sylvia 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Supernova (SN) feedback plays a crucial role in simulations of galaxy formation. Because blast waves from individual SNe occur on scales that remain unresolved in modern cosmological simulations, SN feedback must be implemented as a subgrid model. Differences in the manner in which SN energy is coupled to the local interstellar medium and in which excessive radiative losses are prevented have resulted in a zoo of models used by different groups. However, the importance of the selection of resolution elements around young stellar particles for SN feedback has largely been overlooked. In this work, we examine various selection methods using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics code swift. We run a suite of isolated disc galaxy simulations of a Milky Way-mass galaxy and small cosmological volumes, all with the thermal stochastic SN feedback model used in the eagle simulations. We complement the original mass-weighted neighbour selection with a novel algorithm guaranteeing that the SN energy distribution is as close to isotropic as possible. Additionally, we consider algorithms where the energy is injected into the closest, least dense, or most dense neighbour. We show that different neighbour-selection strategies cause significant variations in star formation rates, gas densities, wind mass-loading factors, and galaxy morphology. The isotropic method results in more efficient feedback than the conventional mass-weighted selection. We conclude that the manner in which the feedback energy is distributed among the resolution elements surrounding a feedback event is as important as changing the amount of energy by factors of a few.
Wrist–Ankle Acupuncture as Additional Therapy for Postoperative Multimodal Analgesia in Orthopedic Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xu Ning , Liu Lu-lu , Rong Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
The present meta-analysis analyzed the efficacy and safety of wrist–ankle acupuncture (WAA) as an additional therapy for postoperative multimodal analgesia after orthopedic surgery.

Methods
Electronic databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang, and VIP, were searched to identify randomized controlled trials and cohort studies that reported details of WAA as an additional therapy for postoperative multiple analgesia in orthopedic surgery before October 1, 2021. Analyzed outcomes included time points of the visual analog scale, use of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA), and postoperative adverse events. Subgroup analysis was performed according to time points and complication type.

Results
Eleven randomized controlled trials and one cohort study were included in the meta-analysis. Among a total of 845 patients, there were 422 patients in the WAA groups and 423 patients in the control groups. The WAA groups showed a better analgesic effect (standard mean difference [SMD] = −1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.76 to −0.91; P &lt; 0.00001; I2 = 0.94), lower use of PCIA (SMD = −1.48; 95% CI: −2.26 to −0.69; P = 0.0002; I2 = 0.94), and lower occurrence of postoperative adverse events (risk ratio = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.49; P &lt; 0.00001; I2 = 0) than did the control groups.

Conclusion
WAA as an additional therapy for postoperative multimodal analgesia in orthopedic surgery showed advantages over control treatment in terms of pain relief, use of PCIA, and occurrence of postoperative adverse events.
Population perceptions of health care services provided virtually (telehealth): a cross-sectional study
Authors: AlMatar Ranim , Al-Haqan Asmaa , Abdullah Israa , Waheedi Salah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
In the era of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health care systems wish to harness the advantage of distant care provision to transcend barriers to access health care facilities. This study aims to investigate general population perceptions (acceptance, comfort, perceived ease of use and perceived quality of care) toward telehealth.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a validated online questionnaire. The questionnaire investigated the general population’s familiarity and experience with virtual provision of health care (telehealth) in Kuwait. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis were performed.

Results
A total of 484 responses were received. Of those, 65% (N = 315) showed high acceptance of telehealth of which 73.5% (N = 119) were comfortable using it and 48.2% (N = 78) perceived themselves capable of utilizing its systems. Multivariate analysis showed that participants with moderate or high comfort score and those who perceived equal quality of care received from Virtual Visits (VV) are more likely to accept a virtual call from their health care provider compared to those with low comfort score (odds ratio (OR): 4.148, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.444–11.91, P = 0.008, OR: 20.27, 95% CI: 6.415–64.05, P &lt; 0.0001, OR: 2.585, 95% CI: 1.364–4.896, P &lt; 0.004, respectively).

Conclusions
Perceptions of telehealth were overall positive, indicating a tendency to accept the implementation of such technology.
In situ 13CO2 labeling reveals that alpine treeline trees allocate less photoassimilates to roots compared with low-elevation trees
Authors: Cong Yu , Saurer Matthias , Bai Edith , Siegwolf Rolf , Gessler Arthur , Liu Kai , Han Hudong , Dang Yongcai , Xu Wenhua , He Hong S , Li Mai-He 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Carbon (C) allocation plays a crucial role for survival and growth of alpine treeline trees, however it is still poorly understood. Using in situ 13CO2 labeling, we investigated the leaf photosynthesis and the allocation of 13C labeled photoassimilates in various tissues (leaves, twigs and fine roots) in treeline trees and low-elevation trees. Non-structural carbohydrate concentrations were also determined. The alpine treeline trees (2000 m. a.s.l.), compared with low-elevation trees (1700 m a.s.l.), did not show any disadvantage in photosynthesis, but the former allocated proportionally less newly assimilated C belowground than the latter. Carbon residence time in leaves was longer in treeline trees (19 days) than that in low-elevation ones (10 days). We found an overall lower density of newly assimilated C in treeline trees. The alpine treeline trees may have a photosynthetic compensatory mechanism to counteract the negative effects of the harsh treeline environment (e.g., lower temperature and shorter growing season) on C gain. Lower temperature at treeline may limit the sink activity and C downward transport via phloem, and shorter treeline growing season may result in early cessation of root growth, decreases sink strength, which all together lead to lower density of new C in the sink tissues and finally limit the growth of the alpine treeline trees.
Preventing dog bites with L.O.V.E.
Authors: Templet Tricia , Allen Leslie , Conlee Ian , Hightower Blake , McIntyre Molly , Rivers Taylor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Children can be vulnerable to dog bites when they don't recognize aggressive cues, highlighting the importance of safe child-dog interactions. This article explains how anticipatory guidance with L.O.V.E. can be used to educate children and families about preventing dog bite injuries.
Utility of Plasma Protein Biomarkers and Mid-infrared Spectroscopy for Diagnosing Fracture-related Infections: A Pilot Study
Authors: Farooq Hassan , Wessel Robert P. , Brown Krista M. , Slaven James E. , Marini Federico , Malek Sarah , Natoli Roman M. 
Published: April 2022

Objectives:
To compare a large panel of plasma protein inflammatory biomarkers and mid-infrared (MIR) spectral patterns in patients with confirmed fracture-related infections (FRIs) with those in controls without infection.

Design:
Prospective case–control study.

Setting:
Academic, Level 1 trauma center.

Patients:
Thirteen patients meeting confirmatory FRI criteria were matched to 13 controls based on age, time after surgery, and fracture region.

Intervention:
Plasma levels of 49 proteins were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of dried films was used to obtain MIR spectra of plasma samples.

Main Outcome Measurements:
The main outcome measurements included plasma protein levels and MIR spectra of samples.

Results:
Multivariate analysis-based predictive model developed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay–based biomarkers had sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 69.2% ± 0.0%, 99.9% ± 1.0%, and 84.5% ± 0.6%, respectively, with platelet-derived growth factor-AB/BB, C-reactive protein, and MIG selected as the minimum number of variables explaining group differences (P < 0.05). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the predictive model based on MIR spectra were 69.9% ± 6.2%, 71.9% ± 5.9%, and 70.9% ± 4.8%, respectively, with 6 wavenumbers as explanatory variables (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of using a select panel of plasma proteins and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to diagnose FRIs. Preliminary data suggest that the measurement of these select proteins and MIR spectra may be potential clinical tools to detect FRIs. Further investigation of these biomarkers in a larger cohort of patients is warranted.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Ischemic Stroke and Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Moyamoya Syndrome Associated With Graves’ Disease
Authors: Huang Mufang , Tang Siqiang , Zou Yongbiao , Yang Ge , Nan Yuyu , Li Yanfang , Zhang Chunhua 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
Moyamoya syndrome is commonly associated with sickle cell anemia, neurofibromatosis type 1, cranial therapeutic irradiation, and Down syndrome. However, it is rare for Moyamoya syndrome associated with Graves’ disease.

Case Report:
Here we report a case of Moyamoya syndrome associated with Graves’ disease in a 19-year-old girl with sudden weakness of the right arm, progressive caries, and alopecia for 4 years. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute intraventricular hemorrhage and cerebral infarction of left middle cerebral artery territory and narrowing of the proximal portion of bilateral anterior and middle cerebral arteries.

Conclusion:
Acute cerebral infarction and intraventricular hemorrhage can occur simultaneously in Moyamoya syndrome associated with Graves’ disease. Hydrocortisone, combined with prothiouracil medication, can correct thyroid dysfunction and improve neurological function. Caries may be the first symptom of Graves’ disease.
Gallbladder Metastasis From Renal Cell Carcinoma Revealed With 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Baloğlu Mehmet Can , Yahşi Seyfettin , Erol Fenercioğlu Özge , Çermik Tevfik Fikret , Ergül Nurhan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Gallbladder metastasis from renal cell carcinoma is a rare condition. To our knowledge, only 1 case has been reported with 18F-FDG PET/CT findings. Herein, we report the case of a 53-year-old man with renal cell carcinoma, having gallbladder metastasis revealed with restaging 18F-FDG PET/CT.