bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating cloud condensation nuclei concentrations from CALIPSO lidar measurements
Authors: Choudhury Goutam , Tesche Matthias 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We present a novel methodology to estimate cloud condensation nuclei
(CCN) concentrations from spaceborne CALIPSO (Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite
Observations) lidar measurements. The
algorithm utilizes (i) the CALIPSO-derived backscatter and extinction
coefficient, depolarization ratio, and aerosol subtype information;
(ii) the normalized volume size distributions and refractive indices
from the CALIPSO aerosol model; and (iii) the MOPSMAP (modelled optical properties of ensembles of aerosol particles) optical
modelling package. For each CALIPSO height bin, we first select the
aerosol-type specific size distribution and then adjust it to
reproduce the extinction coefficient derived from the CALIPSO
retrieval. The scaled size distribution is integrated to estimate the
aerosol number concentration, which is then used in the CCN
parameterizations to calculate CCN concentrations at different
supersaturations. To account for the hygroscopicity of continental and
marine aerosols, we use the kappa parameterization and correct the
size distributions before the scaling step. The sensitivity of the
derived CCN concentrations to variations in the initial size
distributions is also examined. It is found that the uncertainty
associated with the algorithm can range between a factor of 2 and
3. Our results are comparable to results obtained using the POLIPHON (Polarization Lidar Photometer Networking)
method for extinction coefficients larger than 0.05 km−1. An
initial application to a case with coincident airborne in situ
measurements for independent validation shows promising results and
illustrates the potential of CALIPSO for constructing a global
height-resolved CCN climatology.
Designing an Internet-based Database of Restoration Stage Directions: Two Works-In-Progress
Authors: Keenan Tim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article discusses the need for electronic research tools in writing theatre history, especially when considering aspects of physical staging. In the course of comparing and contrasting two databases dedicated to Restoration theatre currently under construction, namely the author's database of Restoration Stage Directions and that of the University of Seville's Restoration Comedy Project, it outlines how a correctly designed database can act not only as a convenient example generator, but can also suggest new lines of research
Application of Latent Roots Regression to Multicollinear Data
Authors: Al Kassab Mowafaq Muhammed , Adeen Younis Dilnas Salah 
Published: February 2022

Several applications are based on the assessment of a linear model including a variable y to Predictors x1, x2,..,xp. It often occurs that the predictors are collinear which results in a high instability of the model obtained by means of multiple linear regression using least squares estimation. Several alternative methods have been proposed in order to tackle this problem. Among these methods Ridge Regression, Principal Component Regression .We discuss a third method called Latent Root Regression. This method depends on the Eigen values and Eigen vectors of the matrix A'A ,where A is the matrix of y and x1, x2,..,xp . We introduce some properties of latent root regression which give new insight into the determination of a prediction model. Thus, a model may be determined by combining latent root estimators in such a way that the associated mean squared error is minimized .The method is illustrated using three real data sets. Namely: Economical , Medical and Environmental data . According to applications, our new estimators depending on the Latent Root Regression have better performances in the sense of MSE in most of the situations.
Pathfinder Associative Networks for the Validation of Improvement in Information Security Teaching
Authors: Juan Arias Masa , Malena Melo Andrade , Rafael Martin Espada , Juan Angel Contreras Vas 
Published: February 2022

This article presents the experience of Digital Storytelling realized in the ECTS tutorials of the Information Security subject in order to evaluate the development and evolution of students' knowledge through similarity analysis with Pathfinder networks, questionnaires of satisfaction, and qualitative analysis of the open question evaluations, object of this work, with the final purpose of being able to triangulate the obtained results and to verify the validity of the same ones. Consequently, in this experiment, it is determined that the use of Digital Storytelling in the classroom improves the relationship of very complex concepts that students establish.
The Merits and Drawbacks of Electronic Journals: A Research Survey of Aerospace Scientists and Engineers of Bangalore
Authors: Guruprasad R. 
Published: February 2022

Today, scientific journals undoubtedly represent the most vital means for disseminating research findings. Often, the research challenges common assumptions and/or the research data presented in the published scientific literature in order to gain a clearer understanding of the facts and findings. Depending upon the policies of a given journal, articles may include reports of original research, re-analyses of others’ research, reviews of the literature in a specific area, proposals of new but untested theories, or opinion pieces. One can also say that, journals are fundamental to formal scholarly communication. It is also observed that for more than three centuries, scholarly journals have played a pivotal role in the creation and dissemination of knowledge by serving as the primary medium of scholarly communication. This has however remained unchanged in form and function over its lifetime. It is now very clear that science as we know it is scarcely imaginable without the scholarly journal [1, 2]. A research study was undertaken to study the ‘Advantages and Disadvantages of Electronic Journals’ The geographic boundary of this research study consisted of 16 prominent aerospace organizations of Bangalore. The age-group of this study was between 21-60 years. The broad areas of specialization of the Aerospace Scientists and Engineers have been classified into (a) Thermal and Fluid Sciences, (b) Avionics, Guidance and Control, (c) Aerospace Structures and Allied Mechanical Sciences, (d) Materials and Metallurgy, (e) Flight Operations and other Allied Disciplines, and (f) General Engineering and Support Sciences. The major conclusions of this study are: (a) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied for testing the significant difference among the 16 mean scores attained from the scientists and engineers of the aerospace organizations for ‘Advantages of Use of e-Journals’. It is observed that all the 16 aerospace organizations show a significant difference (P < 0.05) in their mean scores viz., ‘Current / Up to Date Information’, Ease of Search’, Ease of Browsing’, Multi-User Access, Fast Access, ‘Ability to Download’, ’24 Hour Access’, ‘Available Before Print’, ‘Search-ability of Databases among Journals’, ‘e-Back Volumes are Available’, ‘Non-Availability of Print Volumes’, ‘Easy Backup Availability’ and ‘Multiple e-Choice of Formats (PDF, RTF, DOC and HTML)’. (b) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied for testing the significant difference among the 16 mean scores attained from the scientists and engineers of the aerospace organizations for ‘Disadvantages of e-Journals’. It is observed that all the 16 aerospace organizations show a significant difference (P < 0.05) in their mean scores viz., ‘Slow Downloads’, ‘Additional Payment’, ‘Problems with Print Facilities in Databases’, ‘Dependence on Connectivity’, ‘Quality of Print Images is Low’ and ‘It is Difficult to Read on Screen,
Binary Pattern Generation of Poetic Order in Sanskrit Poetic Meters
Authors: Kumar Meena , Warneka C. S. , Saxena Saurabh 
Published: February 2022

The Pattern generation and Analysis is the technique of recognizing an object say, a target in combat space. The combat space T consists of targets of three types i) Wanted Targets W ii) Rejected Targets R iii) Unknown Targets U So that T = W ? R ? U The description of object is called pattern.Charaterization of pattern class by common properties shared by all of its members is another basic concept used in design of an pattern recognisation system. Main objective of this approach is to determine common properties from finite set of samples patterns and to examine a new pattern for a suitable switch. In signal processing , the role of input is vital to recognize objects. The input to the digital computer refers to any data or instructions entered into the memory. Data is a set of meaningful perceptual observations about an entity expressed in numerical ,alphabetical, graphical or mixed form. While Instructions refer to a set of action commands issued to CPU to tell a computer how to perform the tasks necessary to process data into information. Digital computer can accept the input via written/typed form through keyboard or the spoken/audio form through microphone. A great deal of work has been done in evaluating speech as a means of computer input. The present paper suggests the rhythmic syllable arrangements in various poetic meters as a means of audio input, directly producing binary code. Such binary syllable arrangement has been envisaged by Pingalacharya [1] . His Chhandas Shastra or science of poetic meters in Sanskrit is a well known classical treatise on Prosody. It deals with the rhythmic syllable arrangements in various poetic meters. According to Chhandas Shastra [2] every pronounced letter is either “Laghu” or Short [0] and “Guru” or Long[1] and each poetic meter is based on their fixed sequence[3]. Hence desired binary input sequence could be produced merely by utterance of corresponding syllables. Case studies of over 15 sets of such voice samples by male/ female/child candidates were conducted and the resulting binary sequences are presented with corresponding accuracies.
The Role of Leadership in Reducing Academic Dishonesty
Authors: Raynor Tim 
Published: February 2022

The article exams the role of school leadership in reducing academic dishonesty. The research reviewed material on educational leadership, academic tegrity/honor codes, faculty enforcement of honor codes, faculty perceptions of honor codes, school climate, school culture, student course evaluations, faculty reactions to student course evaluations and best practices that help reduce academic dishonesty. The role of leadership in combating cheating is extremely important because school leaders can create and promote a positive learning environment that reduces academic dishonesty and improves student learning.
Students' Goals, Defectism, Hope, Positive and Negative Evaluation of School
Authors: Suzić Nenad 
Published: February 2022

At a huge sample of 1136 students of the eighth and ninth grade of primary school, as well as of the first and second grade of secondary school, the authors separated four components of target orientation of students by factorization: (1) vulnera­bility, (2) asociality, (3) affiliative motive and (4) efficiency. They applied the instrument Personality test and job satisfactionof Jim Barett (Barrett, 2009), adapted it to the age and needs of this research[1], and then they intersected the separated factors with defeatism, hope as well as positive and negative school valuation. Defeatism and hope were measured by DIN test (Defeatism and hope; Suzic, 2017). Positive and negative valuation of school was recorded by DENS test (Suzic, 2009). All students are from Bosnia and Herzegovina of the age from 13 to 16. Half of the sample included Bosniak students and half of it Serbs. The findings show that there are significant differences between Bosniaks and Serbs in terms of majority of observed variables, but that differences can be attributed to the size of the sample and environment rather than nationality. The students that have higher score, achieve better school results in hope test. Negative valuation of the school is connected with defeatism of students. The authors discovered some significant predictors of negative valuation of school. These are: vulnerability, hope, asociality, defeatism, efficency and affiliative motive. These findings are very significant for pedagogic theory and teaching practice because so far we have not had any research data about the relation of comprised variables.
Incidence of Predators and Anthropogenic Activities Affecting Beekeeping in Nigeria
Authors: A. A. Lawal , S. Mustapha , A. A. Oyerinde 
Published: February 2022

This study evaluated the incidence of predators and anthropogenic activities affecting beekeeping in Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered in Oyo, Ogun and Osun States in the Forest Vegetation and Kaduna, Niger and Kano States in the Savanah vegetation zones of Nigeria. Data obtained were analyzed with parametric statistical tool of mean. The result showed that the largest populations of beekeepers were Bachelor Degree and National Certificate in Education NCE holders (25.0% each), MSc (8%), National Diploma ND (8%) and Postgraduate Diploma PGD (9%). Assessment of human activities that were harmful to beekeeping identified by respondents in the forest vegetation zones revealed indiscriminate use of pesticide (16.67%), theft (33.33%) and herdsmen activity (cattle rearing) (31.82%) while savannah vegetation zones had the following record, indiscriminate use of pesticide (25.00%), theft (35.33%) and herdsmen activity (35.71%). Avoidance of scattering honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) combs around the apiary was found as the most effective method in preventing spread of insect pests. Other methods include: hive sanitation, hive positioning, handpicking of insects, the use of spent engine oil, regular weeding, fencing of apiary and use of bee pen. The hives painted with green coloured paint was reported by respondent to control wasp, spider, termites and lesser wax moth. Beekeepers reported weeding as the most effective method used in controlling predators as it was noted that apiaries regularly weeded controlled the following predators with their respective incidence level: rat (8.33%), snake (12.50%), toad (29.7%), frog (20.83%) and ghecko (37.50%) while the most significant was lizard incidence which was 54.17%. Report from respondents on traditional methods to detect apiary problems categorized into predator and human activities include: decreasing size of colony, majority of bees staying outside the hive, sighting of pests in the apiary and abscondment of bees while human interference was noticed with dead bees found in and outside the hive, inactive bees, trace of burnt grasses and shrubs in the apiary and felled hives from stands.
Analysis of the Expected Cross Aisle Travel Distance: For Multi-Picks and Multi-Aisles Conditions
Authors: Chandra Agung 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find the impacts of multi picks multi aisle on expected cross aisle travel distance for one picker at layout with parallel picking aisles and orthogonal cross aisles at each end of the picking aisles. Design / methodology / approach: Using the theory of expected mean value to calculate expected number of cross aisle width in multi-picks and multi-aisles conditions Findings: the results show that the expected cross aisle travel distance is affected by the expected number of aisle width and number of picks Research limitations / implications: Further research is needed to explore the other type of layout in order to get the shortest distance. Secondly, the further research needs to analyze the picking activity is done by more than one pickerPractical implications: This is the early beginning study to get the shortest cross aisle travel distance that may be used for professional engineer to design and to choose the best layout for the condition – multi-picks and multi-aisles conditions Originality / value: This study shows the impact of number of aisle width and number of picks on the cross aisle travel distance by using the theory of expected mean value
Ixora Chinensis Lamk. A Flower Extract Health Drink
Authors: Srichaikul Buavaroon 
Published: February 2022

Health Drinks currently are one of the most popular demand of consumption drink product in Thailand globally . We found that many anti-aging health drink products were developed under sub- standard and did not meet the Thai FDA requirements in the area of toxicities and bioactivities. This study aimed to evaluate the anti oxidant activities of different methods of extraction and maceration of solvents , bioactivity quantities , toxicity, active ingredients of Ixora chinensis Lamk., flower extract health drink .
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Shiga Toxin Producing E. coli Isolated from Some Locally Produced Beef Products
Authors: A.M. Elbagoury , R.R. Shawish , A.M. Edris 
Published: February 2022

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) may cause severe gastrointestinal and systematic diseases in humans that result from consumption of meat products. STEC were isolated from some beef products on Trypticase Soya Broth and Sorbitol MacConkey agar supplemented with cefixime and tellurite supplements and were biochemically identified . Further identifications were performed including Vero cells cytotoxicity assay and PCR technique for specific VT1/VT2 and eae genes. It was obvious from the obtained resuts that the incidance of shiga-toxin producing E.coli were 22%, 12%, 10%, 16% and 2% in minced meat, beef burger, beef sausage, beef kofta and beef luncheon, respectively. The serovars of shiga-toxin producing E.coli isolated from the examined meat samples were O111, O26, O103, O119 ,O128 ,O86, O45 ,O146 ,O119 and O121. E.coli O111, O26, O103, O91, O86 and O119 that proved to have Stx1 and Stx2 genes. E.coli O128 and O121 had only Stx1, while E.coli O146 had only Stx2.Concerning the eae gene responsible for the attaching and effacing lesions, E. coli O111 and O26 isolates proved to possess such gene .In conclusion beef beef products constitute an important reservoir of STEC infection to man and it was decleared that PCR technique is the most rapid, sensitive and efficient approach for detection of STEC in beef products
Intramedulary Epidermoid Cyst of the Dorsal Spine: A Case Report.
Authors: Alam Md. Shafiul , Farzana Tayseer 
Published: February 2022

Spinal epidermoid cysts are cystic tumours lined by squamous epithelium. Unlike dermoid cysts, they do not contain skin appendages (hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands). They are usually extramedullary but rarely can be intramedullary. They may be congenital or acquired. Especially they are not associated with spinal dysraphism. Intramedullary epidermoid cysts of the spinal cord are rare tumours, only few cases having been reported in the literature. They comprise between 0.5% to 1% of all spinal tumours but account for up to 10% of intraspinal tumours in children. We report a case of 45 years-old female patient who presented with a 18 months history of progressive lower extremity weakness and spasticity. But her bowel/bladder function was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine revealed a 3 cm intramedullary mass at the T3-4 level. A T3 to T5 laminnectomy with complete removal of the intradural mass was performed. Intraoperative findings and final histopathological examination revealed an
Effect of Implant Number, Distribution with Different Attachments on the Retention and Stability of Implant Supported Overdenture
Authors: Abdulamajeed Areej Mufeed , Hasan Radhwan H. 
Published: February 2022

It was stated that the “PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE” Today, with the more attention on preventive measures in prosthodontics, the use of implant supported overdenture has increased to the point where it is now a feasible alternative to most treatment plan outlines in the construction of prosthesis for patients (Sheldon Winkler, 2009). Evaluate the effect of number and distribution of an implant upon in vitro retention and stability of a simulated implant-supported overdenture. In this in-vitro experimental study a model simulating a mandibular edentulous ridge with 7 dental implants analogs inserted in the model approximating the tooth position in the natural dentition was constructed. A two overdenture housing for each type of attachment made of acrylic resin with three hooks attach to occlusal surface of it which connected to three chains attached to a force gauge testing machine was used to measure peak load (N) required to disconnect (dislodge) an attachment in three directions vertical, rotational and oblique. Two different type of attachments have been studied (Ball, Locator). This study was aimed to evaluate retention and stability of implant-retained overdentures based upon implant number and distribution. One way ANOVA analysis of variance test indicated that there were significant differences at P<0.05, using Duncan`s Multiple Range Test for comparison among the groups of Ball and Locator attachment indicated that groups of multi implants recorded the significantly higher measured peak load (N) in the three directions of dislodgement variation in implant`s number and distribution affect the retention and stability of implant supported overdenture according to type of attachment utilized.
Bachelor Degree in Medicine and Surgery Community Medical Training Curriculum Contribution on Equity and Quality of Health Care in Namibia.
Authors: Lukolo Linda N. , Sheehama J. , Munyika A. 
Published: February 2022

Community involving a population-focused, organized effort to help individuals, groups and communities reduce health risks, and maintain or improve health status”. The Community Medicine departments of medical colleges should be more involved in integrated teaching with clinical disciplines and should also be involved in the delivery of services in the teaching hospital and in primary health care settings, such as in immunization, guidance/counselling, biomedical waste management and infection control. All stakeholders in University education recognize its invaluable contribution to the quality of university training. “Field Attachment” to mean any approved field-based practical work carried out by staff and students for the purpose of teaching and / or research in places outside the University control. The objective of community medicine based training at the University is to produce practically oriented graduates that meet the required medical profession related competences of the community of their future service. Through community medicine attachment, medical students are enabled to associate themselves with the health and medical needs of the communities, this association will enable the students feel their own gap on these health issues to address them, or to be able to manage them.
Morphometry of Knee Menisci
Authors: Muthusamy Sivasakthi , Sontakke Yogesh Ashok , K. Aravindhan 
Published: February 2022

Menisci is one of the most important structures of the knee joint. Owing to its importance in load sharing, shock absorption, joint stability, overall protection of articular cartilage various studies has been done on the morphometry of knee menisci by different researchers. Different parameters have been studied such as length of outer circumference of both menisci, difference between anterior horn and posterior horn of menisci, thickness and width of menisci. Such parameters have been reviewed in this article. It gives out a wider knowledge about the morphometric parameters of knee menisci and may guide the surgeon for the new treatment modalities in case of meniscal injuries.