bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic scalability analysis for microservices granularity adaptation design decisions
Authors: Hassan Sara , Bahsoon Rami , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMicroservices have gained wide recognition and acceptance in software industries as an emerging architectural style for autonomous, scalable and more reliable computing. A critical problem related to microservices is reasoning about the suitable granularity level of a microservice (i.e., when and how to merge or decompose microservices). Although scalability is pronounced as one of the major factors for adoption of microservices, there is a general gap of approaches that systematically analyse the dimensions and metrics, which are important for scalability‐aware granularity adaptation decisions. To the best of our knowledge, the state‐of‐art in reasoning about microservice granularity adaptation is neither: (1) driven by microservice‐specific scalability dimensions and metrics nor (2) follow systematic scalability analysis to make scalability‐aware adaptation decisions. In this article, we address the aforementioned problems using a two‐fold contribution. Firstly, we contribute to a working catalogue of microservice‐specific scalability dimensions and metrics. Secondly, we describe a novel application of scalability goal‐obstacle analysis for the context of reasoning about microservice granularity adaptation. We analyse both contributions by comparing their usage on a hypothetical microservice architecture against ad‐hoc scalability assessment for the same architecture. This analysis shows how both contributions can aid making scalability‐aware granularity adaptation decisions.
Limited power of dopamine transporter mRNA mapping for predicting dopamine transporter availability
Authors: Pak Kyoungjune , Seo Seongho , Lee Myung Jun , Im Hyung‐Jun , Kim Keunyoung , Kim In Joo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDopamine transporters (DAT) are transmembrane proteins that translocate dopamine from the extracellular space into presynaptic neurons. We aimed to investigate the predictive power of DAT mRNA for DAT protein expression, measured using positron emission tomography (PET). We performed 18F‐FP‐CIT PET scans in 35 healthy individuals. Binding potentials (BPND) from the ventral striatum, caudate nucleus, putamen, and middle frontal, orbitofrontal, cingulate, parietal, and temporal cortices were measured. DAT gene expression data were obtained from the freely available Allen Human Brain Atlas derived from six healthy donors. The auto‐correlation of PET‐derived BPNDs for DAT was intermediate (mean ρ2 = .66) with ρ2 ranging from .0811 to 1. However, the auto‐correlation of mRNA expression was weak across the probes with a mean ρ2 of .09–.23. Cross‐correlations between PET‐derived BPNDs and mRNA expression were weak with a mean ρ2 ranging from 0 to .22 across the probes. In conclusion, we observed weak associations between DAT mRNA expression and DAT availability in human brains. Therefore, DAT mRNA mapping may have only limited predictive power for DAT availability in humans. However, the difference in distribution of DAT mRNA and DAT protein may influence this limitation.
The association between the level of institutional support for dementia care in primary care practices and the quality of dementia primary care: A retrospective chart review
Authors: Henein Mary , Arsenault‐Lapierre Geneviève , Sourial Nadia , Godard‐Sebillotte Claire , Vedel Isabelle ,   for the Research on Organization of Healthcare Services for Alzheimer's (ROSA) Team
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionInstitutional support, encompassing financial and training support, as well as interdisciplinary teams, may be important for the quality of dementia primary care for persons living with dementia. The aim of this study was to measure the association between the level of institutional support provided to primary care practices and the quality of dementia care.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional chart review in 33 Canadian primary care practices to measure the quality of dementia primary care using a quality of follow‐up score. The score was based on the assessment of 10 indicators. Practices were chosen using a purposeful sampling method with varying levels of institutional support for dementia primary care (e.g., financial support, training, interdisciplinary team). A linear mixed‐effect model was used to measure the association between the level of institutional support and the quality of dementia care.ResultsThere was a significant association between the level of institutional support and the quality of dementia care (mean difference = 23.5, 95% confidence interval: 16.4, 30.6).DiscussionProviding more institutional support for primary care practices could be a promising avenue to improve the care of persons living with dementia.
Reversing Alzheimer's disease dementia with clemastine, fingolimod, or rolipram, plus anti‐amyloid therapy
Authors: Fessel Jeffrey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA few anti‐amyloid trials offer a slight possibility of preventing progression of cognitive loss, but none has reversed the process. A possible reason is that amyloid may be necessary but insufficient in the pathogenesis of AD, and other causal factors may need addressing in addition to amyloid. It is argued here that drugs addressing myelination and synaptogenesis are the optimum partners for anti‐amyloid drugs, since there is much evidence that early in the process that leads to AD, both neural circuits and synaptic activity are dysfunctional. Evidence to support this argument is presented. Evidence is also presented that clemastine, fingolimod, and rolipram, benefit both myelination and synaptogenesis. It is suggested that a regimen that includes one of them plus an anti‐amyloid drug, could reverse AD.
The impact of pimavanserin on psychotic phenotypes and tau phosphorylation in the P301L/COMT– and rTg(P301L)4510 mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Jimenez Heidy , Adrien Leslie , Wolin Adam , Eun John , Chang Eric H. , Burstein Ethan S. , Gomar Jesus , Davies Peter , Koppel Jeremy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionPsychosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with grave clinical consequences including a precipitous cognitive decline and a hastened demise. These outcomes are aggravated by use of existing antipsychotic medications, which are also associated with cognitive decline and increased mortality; preclinical models that would develop new therapeutic approaches are desperately needed. The current report evaluates the ability of the neoteric antipsychotic, pimavanserin, to normalize hyperkinesis and sensorimotor gating in the novel catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) deleted P301L/COMT– and rTg(P301L)4510 models of psychotic AD, and the impact of pimavanserin on tau pathology.MethodsFemale P301L/COMT– mice were behaviorally characterized for abnormalities of locomotion and sensorimotor gating, and biochemically characterized for patterns of tau phosphorylation relative to relevant controls utilizing high‐sensitivity tau enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Female P301L/COMT– and rTg(P301L)4510 mice were randomized to pimavanserin or vehicle treatment to study the ability of pimavanserin to normalize locomotion and rescue sensorimotor gating. Additionally, high‐sensitivity tau ELISA was used to investigate the impact of treatment on tau phosphorylation.ResultsP301L/COMT– mice evidenced a hyperlocomotive phenotype and deficits of sensorimotor gating relative to wild‐type mice on the same background, and increased tau phosphorylation relative to COMT‐competent P301L mice. Pimavanserin normalized the hyperkinetic phenotype in both the P301L/COMT– and rTg(P301L)4510 mice but had no impact on sensorimotor gating in either model. Pimavanserin treatment had little impact on tau phosphorylation patterns.DiscussionThese data suggest that pimavanserin ameliorates tau‐driven excessive locomotion. Given the morbidity associated with aberrant motor behaviors such as pacing in AD and lack of effective treatments, future studies of the impact of pimavanserin on actigraphy in patients with this syndrome may be warranted.
Error analysis of a fully discrete discontinuous Galerkin alternating direction implicit discretization of a class of linear wave-type problems
Authors: Hochbruck Marlis , Köhler Jonas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the rigorous error analysis of a fully discrete scheme obtained by using a central fluxes discontinuous Galerkin (dG) method in space and the Peaceman–Rachford splitting scheme in time. We apply the scheme to a general class of wave-type problems and show that the resulting approximations as well as discrete derivatives thereof satisfy error bounds of the order of the polynomial degree used in the dG discretization and order two in time. In particular, the class of problems considered includes, e.g., the advection equation, the acoustic wave equation, and the Maxwell equations for which a very efficient implementation is possible via an alternating direction implicit splitting.
Palliative Aspekte bei Demenz
Authors: Schmidt Reinhold 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Frage, wie viel Palliativmedizin Demenzkranke brauchen und wann diese zum Einsatz kommen soll, sind die ersten beiden Fragen, die sich aufdrängen, wenn man sich diesem Thema bei dieser Erkrankung nähert. Die Frage „ob“ ist leicht und schnell mit ja beantwortet. Die Frage „wann“ ist deutlich komplexer. Studien zu diesem Thema sind spärlich und basieren eher auf Expertenmeinungen als auf Zahlen und Daten (Stichwort Delphi-Studien). Die daraus resultierenden Informationen sind jedoch nicht weniger wichtig, nicht weniger akkurat. Die Tatsache, dass Expertinnen und Experten von unterschiedlichen Ländern zur Meinungsgebung eingeladen sind, spiegelt in hohem Maße auch die kulturellen Unterschiede im Zugang speziell bei dieser Erkrankung wider. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick zu diesem Thema.
Quo Vadis, Bioeconomy? the Necessity of Normative Considerations in the Transition
Authors: Urmetzer Sophie , Schlaile Michael P. , Blok Vincent , Pyka Andreas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis collection of papers builds on the idea that the bioeconomy provides a framework for potentially effective solutions addressing the grand global challenges by a turn towards an increased use of biological resources, towards renewability and circularity. Consequently, it cannot be perceived as an end in itself. Thus, innovative endeavors within this bioeconomy framework require a serious examination of their normative premises and implications. From different perspectives, the five contributions to the collection demonstrate that for a bioeconomy that is to contribute to the transformation towards sustainability, inquiries into norms, values, and paradigms of innovators and other stakeholders are indispensable. Originating in the spirit of an interdisciplinary workshop on the “The Normative Dimension of Transformations towards a Sustainable Bioeconomy”, the collection at hand provides an attempt to facilitate an increased commitment of social sciences into bioeconomy discourses. We learn: the bioeconomy is on the rise as it is, but whether it will guide us the way towards an equitable, environmentally sound, and future-proof economy, heavily depends on the normative guardrails imposed by science, society, and business.
Automating Agroecology: How to Design a Farming Robot Without a Monocultural Mindset?
Authors: Ditzler Lenora , Driessen Clemens 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRobots are widely expected—and pushed—to transform open-field agriculture, but these visions remain wedded to optimizing monocultural farming systems. Meanwhile there is little pull for automation from ecology-based, diversified farming realms. Noting this gap, we here explore the potential for robots to foster an agroecological approach to crop production. The research was situated in The Netherlands within the case of pixel cropping, a nascent farming method in which multiple food and service crops are planted together in diverse assemblages employing agroecological practices such as intercropping and biological pest control. Around this case we engaged with a variety of specialists in discussion groups, workshops, and design challenges to explore the potential of field robots to meet the multifaceted demands of highly diverse agroecological cropping systems. This generated a spectrum of imaginations for how automated tools might—or might not—be appropriately used, ranging from fully automated visions, to collaborative scenarios, to fully analogue prototypes. We found that automating agroecological cropping systems requires finding ways to imbue the ethos of agroecology into designed tools, thereby seeking to overcome tensions between production aims and other forms of social and ecological care. We conclude that a rethinking of automation is necessary for agroecological contexts: not as a blueprint for replacing humans, but making room for analogue and hybrid forms of agricultural work. These findings highlight a need for design processes which include a diversity of actors, involve iterative design cycles, and incorporate feedback between designers, practitioners, tools, and cropping systems.
Capturing of intracranial pressure treatment during neurointensive care in patients with acute brain injury using a novel tablet-based method
Authors: Galos Peter , Nyholm Lena , Howells Tim , Enblad Per 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCritical care is complex and stressful. It is difficult to register in real time data not recorded by automatic systems. Time-specific knowledge of manual measures is important for understanding pathophysiology and for analyzing treatment and quality of care. Therefore, a novel iPad-based method for registration of manual measures was developed, which many can build themselves. Using a configuration for intracranial pressure (ICP) management, the methodology was validated, ICP treatment captured, and the quality of ICP management evaluated. Twenty-two patients with acute brain injuries were studied. The iPad-system was totally used for 2538 h. Thirteen-hundred-five manual measures were entered. Thirty-nine episodes of predefined ICP insults were identified. During 16/39 episodes, ICP treatments were registered. For 4/39 episodes treatments were registered within 90 s before or after the episode. For 3/39 episodes it was registered that treatment was intentionally refrained. In 15/16 episodes without registered treatment, the insult was mild or reasonable explanations were found when medical records and the Patient data management system were reviewed. In one situation without particular circumstances, morphine and clonidine were given to decrease ICP but not registered. No episodes of downtime or loss of data occurred. The developed methodology appears to be stable and robust as well as feasible and user-friendly. It was possible to capture the treatment of ICP insults with high temporal resolution, and to evaluate the quality of ICP management. An own developed novel tablet-based system like our system may be a promising potential tool useful in various future intensive care applications.
Effects of adult growth hormone deficiency and replacement therapy on the cardiometabolic risk profile
Authors: Ratku Balázs , Sebestyén Veronika , Erdei Annamária , Nagy Endre V. , Szabó Zoltán , Somodi Sándor 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAdult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) is considered a rare endocrine disorder involving patients with childhood-onset and adult-onset growth hormone deficiency (AoGHD) and characterized by adverse cardiometabolic risk profile. Besides traditional cardiovascular risk factors, endothelial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, impaired adipokine profile, oxidative stress and hypovitaminosis D may also contribute to the development of premature atherosclerosis and higher cardiovascular risk in patients with AGHD. Growth hormone replacement has been proved to exert beneficial effects on several cardiovascular risk factors, but it is also apparent that hormone substitution in itself does not eliminate all cardiometabolic abnormalities associated with the disease. Novel biomarkers and diagnostic techniques discussed in this review may help to evaluate individual cardiovascular risk and identify patients with adverse cardiometabolic risk profile. In the absence of disease-specific guidelines detailing how to assess the cardiovascular status of these patients, we generally recommend close follow-up of the cardiovascular status as well as low threshold for a more detailed evaluation.
Growth and physiological response of Kandelia obovata and Bruguiera sexangula seedlings to aluminum stress
Authors: Ma Li , Yang Shengchang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe role of mangroves as a biogeochemical buffer for heavy metal pollutants in coastal wetlands has been demonstrated, but knowledge gaps still exist on the tolerant capacity of mangroves to aluminum (Al). This study assessed the growth and physiological response of viviparous mangroves Kandelia obovata and Bruguiera sexangula to Al stress. The two mangrove seedlings were treated with AlCl3 at concentrations of 0 (as control) to 100 mmol L−1, and the impact of Al on their growth and antioxidant parameters were determined. Additionally, the accumulation and translocation of metal elements were estimated in B. sexangula seedlings under relative long-term Al stress. K. obovata appeared to survive with a tolerance potential of 10 mmol L−1 AlCl3, whereas B. sexangula had a higher tolerant ability of 50 mmol L−1 AlCl3. Both root elongation and seedling growth were inhibited by Al stress. The exposure to 25–100 mmol L−1 AlCl3 induced increases in membrane lipid peroxidation and osmoprotectant molecule (proline) in mangrove seedlings. Both mangrove seedlings revealed significant changes in antioxidant enzyme activities that were attributed to Al stress-induced oxidative damages. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and/or ascorbate peroxidase were differently impacted by the treatment time (7 days for short term versus 60 days for long term) and AlCl3 concentrations in K. obovata and B. sexangula seedlings. For B. sexangula seedlings, Al accumulation was in an order root > leaf > stem, whereas the translocation of metal elements in the aboveground tissues (leaf and stem) was differently impacted by Al stress. In conclusion, this study provides insights into different Al-tolerant abilities operated in two mangrove species that are widespread in coastal wetlands of China.
Zwischen Tabu und Offenheit
Authors: Dörr Margret , Kutscher Nadia 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungSexualität wird in der Sozialen Arbeit vor allem im Zusammenhang mit Prävention, sexualisierter Gewalt oder bei der Identitätsentwicklung thematisiert. Dieser Beitrag leitet in einen Schwerpunkt ein, der explizit andere Bereiche mit Sexualitätsbezug fokussiert, auch wenn bereits das Sprechen von und über Sexualität oft als schwierig und peinlich empfunden wird.
Connecting the food and agriculture sector to nutrition interventions for improved health outcomes
Authors: Duncan E. , Ashton L. , Abdulai A. R. , Sawadogo-Lewis T. , King S. E. , Fraser E. D. G. , Vosti S. , Haines J. , Knight F. , Roberton T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo achieve the Sustainable Development Goal of zero hunger, multi-sectoral strategies to improve nutrition are necessary. Building towards this goal, the food and agriculture sector must be considered when designing nutritional interventions. Nevertheless, most frameworks designed to guide nutritional interventions do not adequately capture opportunities for integrating nutrition interventions within the food and agriculture sector. This paper aims to highlight how deeply connected the food and agriculture sector is to underlying causes of malnutrition and identify opportunities to better integrate the food and agriculture sector and nutrition in low and middle income countries. In particular, this paper: (1) expands on the UNICEF conceptual framework for undernutrition to integrate the food and agriculture sector and nutrition outcomes, (2) identifies how nutritional outcomes and agriculture are linked in six important ways by defining evidence-based food and agriculture system components within these pathways: as a source of food, as a source of income, through food prices, women’s empowerment, women’s utilization of time, and women’s health and nutritional status, and (3) shows that the food and agriculture sector facilitates interventions through production, processing and consumption, as well as through farmer practices and behavior. Current frameworks used to guide nutrition interventions are designed from a health sector paradigm, leaving agricultural aspects not sufficiently leveraged. This paper concludes by proposing intervention opportunities to rectify the missed opportunities generated by this approach. Program design should consider the ways that the food and agriculture sector is linked to other critical sectors to comprehensively address malnutrition. This framework is designed to help the user to begin to identify intervention sites that may be considered when planning and implementing multi-sectoral nutrition programs.
Investigation of the mechanism of phytate-modified biochar-catalyzed persulfate degradation of Ponceau 2R
Authors: Hua Li , Cheng Taozhi , Liang Zhiyong , Wei Ting 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe mechanism of oxidation and degradation effect of phytate-modified biochar catalyzed persulfate on Ponceau 2R was investigated. Chemical-structural properties of phytate-modified biochar, such as surface morphology and surface oxygen-containing functional groups were characterized. The results suggest that modified biochar has better oxidation performance than unmodified biochar, and the modified biochar generated at 500 ℃ pyrolysis temperature can catalyze peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system with high efficiency, in large pH and temperature scope. And the degradation mechanism of Ponceau 2R by biochar-catalyzed PMS generation (BC-PMS) system was researched. It revealed that PBC300 (phytate-modified biochar pyrolyzed at 300 °C), PBC500 (phytate-modified biochar pyrolyzed at 500 °C), and PBC700 (phytate-modified biochar pyrolyzed at 700 °C) may have metaphosphoric acid linked to oxygen atoms and metaphosphoric acid linked in a bridging manner on the surface of biochar, catalyzing the production of hydroxyl radicals by PMS. PBC700 catalyzes the production of singlet oxygen by PMS through its structural defects, and singlet oxygen is the main catalytic product of PBC700.