bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Didactical design of mathematical reasoning on three dimensional in high school
Authors: Miftah R , Amalina A N , Kurniawati L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mathematical reasoning ability can be obtained through the process of understanding students in learning mathematics. However, not a few students experience learning barriers, one of which is in studying three-dimensional material. The purpose of this study is to identify the epistemological obstacle focused to Reasoning and Proof indicator in the three dimensional and overcome them by developing mathematical learning designs in high school. This research was held at SMAN 9 Tangerang. The reasearch method is Didactical Design Research. This method is consist of three stages, namely analysis before learning (prospective analysis), during learning (metapeda didactic), and after learning (retrosfective). Based on the results of the preresearch, 80,48% of 38 students who took the identification of student obstacle test had epistimological obstacles in the concepot three dimensional. To overcome the epistemological obstacle in the concept of three dimensional, are needed learning design that are developed based of student’s learning obstacle, repersonalization, and recontextualization, so that it results the hypothetical learning trajectory which composed the various student activities and predictions of student responses follows with the anticipation, and result the generates student worksheet. The results of the study show that the design can be used to overcome student difficulties, it can be seen from the effectiveness of anticipation given to overcome student difficulties during learning.
Development of mathematics teaching-learning material with metaphors approach
Authors: Dwirahayu G , Handayani I D , Suhyanto O , Musyrifah E , Sobiruddin D 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The research proposed to develop teaching-learning material with metaphor phase in mathematics for students at High School. The teaching-learning materials developed in this study consist of three kinds of metaphors: grounding metaphors, linking metaphors, and redefinitional metaphors. The selection subject matter in modules is composition and inverse function. Hopefully, it would help students learn mathematics independently and students are expected to be able to understand abstract material concepts with more concrete and meaningful concepts. The method research is R&D with 3D models (Define, Design and Develop). Using the questionnaire, the teaching-learning material was validated by three lecturers at mathematics education and five mathematics teachers who teach at high school. Some notes from the validator provide improvement. And finally, teaching-learning material was tested on 27 students at State High School 1 Jawilan-Serang City class XII. The result shows that the teaching-learning material in review by validator is very feasible criteria (89%) and review from students shows suitable criteria for use in teaching-learning mathematics (86%), so the conclusion is the teaching-learning material is feasible to use in teaching and learning mathematics especially in subject composition and inverse function.
A comprehensive analysis to assess the impact of nano MoS2 on the wear characteristic of Al-TiB2-Gr composite
Authors: Chenrayan Venkatesh , Vaishnav V. , Shahapurkar Kiran , Tirth Vineet , Alarifi Ibrahim M. , Manivannan Chandru , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The present study evaluates the influence of nano MoS2 particles on the wear properties of newly developed TiB2 and Graphite reinforced Aluminium composite. Micro particles of MoS2 are downsized into nano levels using a planetary ball mill. Three different compositions of specimens are fabricated through stir casting, with a constant 10% of weight of TiB2, graphite, and nano MoS2 is kept at varying amounts of 10, 15, and 20%. The dry sliding wear tests are executed by following Taguchi’s design of experiment. The wear rate and coefficient of friction are considered as responses, whereas the normal load, sliding distance and the composition of MoS2 are considered as the chief parameters with three levels. The hybridized Taguchi-Grey Relational -Principal Component Analysis mathematical model is implemented to study the effect of wear parameters and inclusion of MoS2 on the wear behavior. Mathematical and experimental results explore the increasing nano MoS2 content reduces the wear rate and coefficient of friction of composites. Analysis of variance results also acknowledge that nano MoS2 content in the composite is a remarkable parameter to impact the tribological property. The hybrid statistical model results explore that the optimum parameter to yield better tribological property are 30 N normal load, 2 km sliding distance and 20% of MoS2. Worn surfaces are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to picturize the wear mechanism concerning the varying content of reinforcement.
The ultra high sensitivity blood counter: a compact, MRI-compatible, radioactivity counter for pharmacokinetic studies in μl volumes
Authors: Convert Laurence , Sarrhini Otman , Paillé Maxime , Salem Nicolas , Charette Paul G , Lecomte Roger 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Quantification of physiological parameters in preclinical pharmacokinetic studies based on nuclear imaging requires the monitoring of arterial radioactivity over time, known as the arterial input function (AIF). Continuous derivation of the AIF in rodent models is very challenging because of the limited blood volume available for sampling. To address this challenge, an Ultra High Sensitivity Blood Counter (UHS-BC) was developed. The device detects beta particles in real-time using silicon photodiodes, custom low-noise electronics, and 3D-printed plastic cartridges to hold standard catheters. Two prototypes were built and characterized in two facilities. Sensitivities up to 39% for 18F and 58% for 11C-based positron emission tomography (PET) tracers were demonstrated. 99mTc and 125I based Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) tracers were detected with greater than 3% and 10% sensitivity, respectively, opening new applications in nuclear imaging and fundamental biology research. Measured energy spectra show all relevant peaks down to a minimum detectable energy of 20 keV. The UHS-BC was shown to be highly reliable, robust towards parasitic background radiation and electromagnetic interference in the PET or MRI environment. The UHS-BC provides reproducible results under various experimental conditions and was demonstrated to be stable over days of continuous operation. Animal experiments showed that the UHS-BC performs accurate AIF measurements using low detection volumes suitable for small animal models in PET, SPECT and PET/MRI investigations. This tool will help to reduce the time and number of animals required for pharmacokinetic studies, thus increasing the throughput of new drug development.
Circulating Concentrations of C-Type Natriuretic Peptides Increase with Sacubitril/Valsartan Treatment in Healthy Young Men
Authors: Thonsgaard Simon , Prickett Timothy C R , Hansen Lasse H , Wewer Albrechtsen Nicolai J , Andersen Ulrik Ø , Terzic Dijana , Plomgaard Peter , Gustafsson Finn , Goetze Jens P , Mark Peter D 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a cardioprotective peptide with high affinity for the ectoenzyme neutral endopeptidase (neprilysin). We aimed to determine whether angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor treatment acutely affects circulating concentrations of bioactive CNP and its molecular amino-terminal precursor (NT-proCNP).

Methods
We included 9 and 10 healthy young men in 2 randomized crossover trials with sacubitril/valsartan vs control (Trial 1) and sacubitril/valsartan and sitagliptin vs sitagliptin (Trial 2). The participants were randomized to a single dose of sacubitril/valsartan (194/206 mg) or control at the first visit 30 min prior to a standardized meal intake. We obtained blood samples at 12 time points over 5 h and measured plasma concentrations of NT-proCNP in both trials and CNP in Trial 2.

Results
NT-proCNP concentrations increased 3.5 h after sacubitril/valsartan treatment, and at 4.5 h concentrations were 42% and 65% higher compared with control in Trial 1 and Trial 2, respectively. The total area under the curve (tAUC)15–270 min was 22% higher (P = 0.007) in Trial 1 and 17% higher with treatment (P = 0.017) in Trial 2. Concentrations of bioactive CNP followed a similar temporal pattern with an increase of 93% at 4.5 h and a 31% higher tAUC15–270 min compared with control (P = 0.001) in Trial 2.

Conclusions
Sacubitril/valsartan augments circulating concentrations of both bioactive CNP and NT-proCNP in healthy young men. The increase in bioactive CNP is most likely caused by de novo synthesis and secretion rather than diminished breakdown through neprilysin inhibition.
ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT03717688
Genomic prediction of growth in a commercially, recreationally, and culturally important marine resource, the Australian snapper (Chrysophrys auratus)
Authors: Sandoval-Castillo Jonathan , Beheregaray Luciano B , Wellenreuther Maren 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGrowth is one of the most important traits of an organism. For exploited species, this trait has ecological and evolutionary consequences as well as economical and conservation significance. Rapid changes in growth rate associated with anthropogenic stressors have been reported for several marine fishes, but little is known about the genetic basis of growth traits in teleosts. We used reduced genome representation data and genome-wide association approaches to identify growth-related genetic variation in the commercially, recreationally, and culturally important Australian snapper (Chrysophrys auratus, Sparidae). Based on 17,490 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 363 individuals representing extreme growth phenotypes from 15,000 fish of the same age and reared under identical conditions in a sea pen, we identified 100 unique candidates that were annotated to 51 proteins. We documented a complex polygenic nature of growth in the species that included several loci with small effects and a few loci with larger effects. Overall heritability was high (75.7%), reflected in the high accuracy of the genomic prediction for the phenotype (small vs large). Although the single-nucleotide polymorphisms were distributed across the genome, most candidates (60%) clustered on chromosome 16, which also explains the largest proportion of heritability (16.4%). This study demonstrates that reduced genome representation single-nucleotide polymorphisms and the right bioinformatic tools provide a cost-efficient approach to identify growth-related loci and to describe genomic architectures of complex quantitative traits. Our results help to inform captive aquaculture breeding programs and are of relevance to monitor growth-related evolutionary shifts in wild populations in response to anthropogenic pressures.
Early aortic growth in acute descending aortic dissection
Authors: Berezowski Mikolaj , Scheumann Johannes , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Jasinski Marek , Plonek Tomasz , Siepe Matthias , Czerny Martin , Rylski Bartosz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Acute aortic dissection leads to the destabilization of the aortic wall, followed by an immediate increase in aortic diameter. It remains unclear how the aortic diameter changes during the dissection’s acute and subacute phases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in aortic geometry within 30 days after the onset of a descending aortic dissection.

METHODS
Patients with acute type B and non-A non-B dissection who had at least 2 computed tomography angiography scans obtained within 30 days after the onset of dissection were evaluated. Exclusion criteria were a thrombosed false lumen, connective tissue disorders and endovascular or open aortic repair performed prior to the second computed tomography angiography.

RESULTS
Among 190 patients with acute aortic dissection, 42 patients met our inclusion criteria. Their aortic geometry was analysed according to the computed tomography angiography scans obtained between 0–3 (N = 35), 4–7 (N = 9) and 8–30 (N = 12) days after the dissection onset. The highest aortic diameter growth rate was observed in the first quartile of the thoracic aorta and measured 0.66 (0.06; 1.03), 0.29 (−0.01; 0.41) and 0.06 (−0.13; 0.26) mm/day at 0–3, 4–7 and 8–30 days after the dissection, respectively. Proximal entry location (P = 0.037) and entry located at the arch concavity (P = 0.008) were associated with a higher aortic diameter increase.

CONCLUSIONS
Early rapid growth occurs during the first week after the descending aortic dissection—most intensely over the first 3 days, and this is associated with the location of the dissection’s entry.
Molecular genetic insights into orchid reproductive development
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Bin , Yu Hao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Orchids are members of the Orchidaceae, one of the largest families of flowering plants, and occupy a wide range of ecological habitats with highly specialized reproductive features. They exhibit unique developmental characteristics, such as generation of storage organs during flowering and spectacular floral morphological features, which contribute to their reproductive success in different habitats in response to various environmental cues. Here we review current understanding of the molecular genetic basis of orchid reproductive development, including flowering time control, floral patterning and flower color, with a focus on the orchid genes that have been functionally validated in plants. Furthermore, we summarize recent progress in annotating orchid genomes, and discuss how integration of high-quality orchid genome sequences with other advanced tools, such as the ever-improving multi-omics approaches and genome editing technologies as well as orchid-specific technical platforms, could open up new avenues to elucidate the molecular genetic basis of highly specialized reproductive organs and strategies in orchids.
GWAS on multiple traits identifies mitochondrial ACONITASE3 as important for acclimation to submergence stress
Authors: Meng Xiangxiang , Li Lu , Pascual Jesús , Rahikainen Moona , Yi Changyu , Jost Ricarda , He Cunman , Fournier-Level Alexandre , Borevitz Justin , Kangasjärvi Saijaliisa , Whelan James , Berkowitz Oliver 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFlooding causes severe crop losses in many parts of the world. Genetic variation in flooding tolerance exists in many species; however, there are few examples for the identification of tolerance genes and their underlying function. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 387 Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions. Plants were subjected to prolonged submergence followed by desubmergence, and seven traits (score, water content, Fv/Fm, and concentrations of nitrate, chlorophyll, protein, and starch) were quantified to characterize their acclimation responses. These traits showed substantial variation across the range of accessions. A total of 35 highly significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified across the 20 GWA datasets, pointing to 22 candidate genes, with functions in TCA cycle, DNA modification, and cell division. Detailed functional characterization of one candidate gene, ACONITASE3 (ACO3), was performed. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing showed that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the ACO3 promoter co-located with the binding site of the master regulator of retrograde signaling ANAC017, while subcellular localization of an ACO3-YFP fusion protein confirmed a mitochondrial localization during submergence. Analysis of mutant and overexpression lines determined changes in trait parameters that correlated with altered submergence tolerance and were consistent with the GWAS results. Subsequent RNA-seq experiments suggested that impairing ACO3 function increases the sensitivity to submergence by altering ethylene signaling, whereas ACO3 overexpression leads to tolerance by metabolic priming. These results indicate that ACO3 impacts submergence tolerance through integration of carbon and nitrogen metabolism via the mitochondrial TCA cycle and impacts stress signaling during acclimation to stress.
Myositis-specific autoantibodies and QTc changes by ECG in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Authors: Korsholm Sine Søndergaard , Andersson Daniel C , Knudsen John Bonde , Dastmalchi Maryam , Diederichsen Axel C P , Gerke Oke , Witting Nanna , Jacobsen Søren , Pecini Redi , Friis Tina , Krogager Markus E , Lundberg Ingrid E , Diederichsen Louise P 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate cardiac involvement detected by ECG in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) and to evaluate possible associations between the autoantibody profile and ECG changes in these patients.

Methods
In a Scandinavian cross-sectional study, patients were included from two Danish centres and one Swedish centre. Resting 12-lead ECG was investigated in 261 patients with IIM compared with 102 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and 48 healthy controls (HCs). ECG changes were correlated to clinical manifestations and myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies (MSAs and MAAs, respectively).

Results
Patients with IIM had a longer mean corrected QT (QTc) duration and more frequently presented with prolonged QTc (≥450 ms; P = 0.038) compared with HCs. A longer QTc duration was recorded in SSc compared with IIM [433 ms (s.d. 23) vs 426 (24); P = 0.011], yet there was no significant difference in the fraction with prolonged QTc (SSc: 22%, IIM: 16%; P = 0.19). In multivariable regression analyses, anti-Mi2 (P = 0.01, P = 0.035) and anti-Pl-7 (P = 0.045, P = 0.014) were associated with QTc duration and prolonged QTc in IIM. Elevated CRP was associated with prolonged QTc (P = 0.041).

Conclusion
The presence of QTc abnormalities was as common in patients with IIM as in patients with SSc, including prolonged QTc seen in almost one-fifth of the patients. Anti-Mi2, anti-Pl-7 and elevated CRP may serve as biomarkers for cardiac disease in IIM, but needs to be confirmed in a larger prospective study.
Actigraphy-derived sleep health profiles and mortality in older men and women
Authors: Wallace Meredith L , Lee Soomi , Stone Katie L , Hall Martica H , Smagula Stephen F , Redline Susan , Ensrud Kristine , Ancoli-Israel Sonia , Buysse Daniel J 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectivesTo identify actigraphy sleep health profiles in older men (Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study; N = 2640) and women (Study of Osteoporotic Fractures; N = 2430), and to determine whether profile predicts mortality.MethodsWe applied a novel and flexible clustering approach (Multiple Coalesced Generalized Hyperbolic mixture modeling) to identify sleep health profiles based on actigraphy midpoint timing, midpoint variability, sleep interval length, maintenance, and napping/inactivity. Adjusted Cox models were used to determine whether profile predicts time to all-cause mortality.ResultsWe identified similar profiles in men and women: High Sleep Propensity [HSP] (20% of women; 39% of men; high napping and high maintenance); Adequate Sleep [AS] (74% of women; 31% of men; typical actigraphy levels); and Inadequate Sleep [IS] (6% of women; 30% of men; low maintenance and late/variable midpoint). In women, IS was associated with increased mortality risk (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.59 for IS vs. AS; 1.75 for IS vs. HSP). In men, AS and IS were associated with increased mortality risk (1.19 for IS vs. HSP; 1.22 for AS vs. HSP).ConclusionsThese findings suggest several considerations for sleep-related interventions in older adults. Low maintenance with late/variable midpoint is associated with increased mortality risk and may constitute a specific target for sleep health interventions. High napping/inactivity co-occurs with high sleep maintenance in some older adults. Although high napping/inactivity is typically considered a risk factor for deleterious health outcomes, our findings suggest that it may not increase risk when it occurs in combination with high sleep maintenance.
Longitudinal associations between insomnia symptoms and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Mahmood Asos , Ray Meredith , Ward Kenneth D , Dobalian Aram , Ahn SangNam 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To date, there is no scientific consensus on whether insomnia symptoms increase mortality risk. We investigated longitudinal associations between time-varying insomnia symptoms (difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, early-morning awakening, and nonrestorative sleep) and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults during 14 years of follow-up. Data were obtained from 2004 through 2018 survey waves of the Health and Retirement Study in the United States for a population-representative sample of 15 511 respondents who were ≥50 years old in 2004. Respondents were interviewed biennially and followed through the end of the 2018 survey wave for the outcome. Marginal structural discrete-time survival analyses were employed to account for time-varying confounding and selection bias. Of the 15 511 cohort respondents (mean [±SD] age at baseline, 63.7 [±10.2] years; 56.0% females), 5878 (31.9%) died during follow-up. At baseline (2004), 41.6% reported experiencing at least one insomnia symptom. Respondents who experienced one (HR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03–1.20), two (HR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.01–1.23), three (HR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.05–1.27), or four (HR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.12–1.56) insomnia symptoms had on average a higher hazard of all-cause mortality, compared to those who were symptom-free. For each insomnia symptom, respondents who experienced difficulty initiating sleep (HR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02–1.22), early-morning awakening (HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01–1.18), and nonrestorative sleep (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.09–1.26), had a higher hazard of all-cause mortality compared to those not experiencing the symptom. The findings demonstrate significant associations between insomnia symptoms and all-cause mortality, both on a cumulative scale and independently, except for difficulty maintaining sleep. Further research should investigate the underlying mechanisms linking insomnia symptoms and mortality.