bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active Intrapartum SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Nunes Marta C. , Jones Stephanie , Strehlau Renate , Baba Vuyelwa , Ditse Zanele , da Silva Kelly , Bothma Lané , Serafin Natali , Baillie Vicky L. , Kwatra Gaurav , Burke Megan , Wise Amy , Adam Mary , Mlandu Philiswa , Melamu Mpolokeng , Phelp Juliette , Fraser Wendy , Wright Colleen , Zell Elizabeth , Adam Yasmin , Madhi Shabir A. 
Published: October 2022

Objective Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy has been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. There is, however, not much information on the impact of the timing of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy outcomes, and studies from low-middle income settings are also scarce.
Study Design We conducted a cross-sectional study from April to December 2020, in South Africa, to assess the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection on a nasal swab at the time of labor with fetal death, preterm birth, low birth weight, or pregnancy-induced complications. When possible, maternal blood, cord blood, and placenta were collected. SARS-CoV-2 infection was investigated by a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT).
Results Overall, 3,117 women were tested for SARS-CoV-2 on a nasal swab, including 1,562 (50%) healthy women with uncomplicated term delivery. A positive NAAT was detected among 132 (4%) women. Adverse birth outcomes or pregnancy-related complications were not associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of labor. Among SARS-CoV-2-infected women, an NAAT-positive result was also obtained from 6 out of 98 (6%) maternal blood samples, 8 out of 93 (9%) cord-blood samples, 14 out of 54 (26%) placentas, and 3 out of 22 (14%) nasopharyngeal swabs from newborns collected within 72 hours of birth. Histological assessment of placental tissue revealed that women with SARS-CoV-2 nasal infection had a higher odds (3.82, 95% confidence interval: 1.20, 12.19) of chronic chorioamnionitis compared with those without SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Conclusion Our study demonstrates that intrapartum, SARS-CoV-2 infection was not associated with evaluated poor outcomes. In utero fetal and placental infections and possible vertical and/or horizontal viral transfer to the newborn were detected among women with nasal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Key Points
Research Progress of the Liver–Brain Cotreatment of Depression with Supplemented Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder
Authors: Li Yajing , Wang Baoying , Li Yucheng , Bai Ming , Xu Erping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in preventing and treating depression based on holistic concepts and syndrome differentiation and treatment. Liver depression and spleen deficiency are the main syndrome of depression. Danzhi Xiaoyao powder has the efficacy of soothing the liver and relieving depression, nourishing blood, and strengthening spleen. Present studies have proven that it has antidepressant efficacy for the syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency. The basic research on pharmacodynamic substances has found that the main active ingredients of Danzhi Xiaoyao powder in the treatment of depression include bupleurum saponin, paeonol, gardenoside, angelica polysaccharide, sulfate polysaccharide, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, atractylone, etc. In clinical practice, Danzhi Xiaoyao powder is often modified to make it more suitable according to the characteristics of pathogenesis and changes in the disease condition. Our research group has found that “brain and spirit failure and liver failing to disperse” are the main pathogenesis of depression. Based on the theory of “liver–brain cotreatment,” the treatment principle of “dispersing the liver and relieving depression, strengthening brain and benefiting intelligence” was put forward. On the basis of Danzhi Xiaoyao powder, Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) was added to enlighten the mind and Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) to calm the mind and benefit intelligence. The modified Danzhi Xiaoyao powder was formulated, and its clinical effects on depression were remarkable. Animal experiments also confirmed that modified Danzhi Xiaoyao powder can significantly improve the depression-like behavior of depression model rats and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, the increase of the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine, and norepinephrine, which provides a reference for the further promotion of the clinical application of modified Danzhi Xiaoyao powder in the treatment of depression.
Urban–rural human settlements in China: Objective evaluation and subjective well-being
Authors: Fang Chuanglin , Ma Haitao , Bao Chao , Wang Zhenbo , Li Guangdong , Sun Siao , Fan Yupeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHuman settlements have an important impact on human health, livability, and the economy, which has attracted widespread concern worldwide. Few studies have, however, paid attention to a comprehensive evaluation of urban and rural areas, as well as subjective and objective aspects. This paper evaluates four dimensions of urban–rural settlements in China, including environmental health, environmental tidiness, environmental amenity, and environmental support, from both subjective and objective perspectives. The findings are summarized as follows: (1) The quality of urban–rural human settlements in China has significantly improved over the last 20 years, and it shows a significant decreasing tendency from the southeastern coastal area to the northwestern inland area spatially. (2) The national average score of subjective estimation of human settlement is at the level of “Satisfied”, and it displays significant disparities in terms of residents’ attributes, such as occupation, age, education, and habitation. (3) The subjective evaluation and subjective well-being have a positive correlation regarding the comprehensive assessment of urban–rural human settlements, but there are significant differences in objective estimation to different sub-dimensions. Long-term follow-up investigation and evaluation should be the focus of future research. Findings provide scientific guidance for the optimization and improvement mechanism of urban–rural human settlements.
Investigation of negative corona discharge Trichel pulses for a needle-plane geometry via two numerical 2D axisymmetric models
Authors: Salah Walid S. , Gazeli O. , Lazarou C. , Anastassiou C. , Georghiou G. E. 
Published: October 2022

Trichel pulses for negative direct current corona discharge in a pin plate configuration under open dry air conditions are investigated using two numerical models. The first well known general model takes electrons and positive and negative ions into consideration. The second model, a more detailed one, takes electrons and other 16 nitrogen and oxygen species into consideration. Both models are able to capture the general evolution of the electrical discharge. However, the detailed model is able to also show the effect of behavior and contribution of specific species on the discharge. The results show that negative oxygen ions play a key role in the development of Trichel pulses. Furthermore, O2− and O3− ions develop in the interlayered spatial layers in the discharge gap, with the number of layers corresponding to the number of Trichel pulses. It is also shown that nitrogen ions are mostly generated in front of the negatively biased (−5.5 kV) pin.
Heat transfer analysis of a pulse-heated microwire in CO2 at supercritical pressures
Authors: Hu Zhan-Chao , Wang Gaoyuan 
Published: October 2022

This paper analyzes the characteristics of convective heat transfer of a pulse-heated platinum microwire cooling in CO2 under supercritical pressures based on experimental data. The microwire undergoes a rapid temperature rise of around 664 K within 0.35 ms. An inverse problem is formulated and numerically solved to extract heat transfer data from experimental measurements. In addition, a predictive model for the convective heat transfer coefficient is developed to fully close the equation set. Results are interpreted based on the bulk pressure from 7.38 to 9 MPa and bulk temperature from 295 to 325 K. The convective heat flux of CO2 generally decreases with time, and in the medium-term, the reduction is slightly decelerated owing to buoyancy-driven flows. This demonstrates that high-pressure and low-temperature bulk states generally exert larger convective heat flux to cool the microwire. During the early 10 ms, the time-averaged convective heat flux is of the order of 1 MW/m2, resulting in rapid cooling. This value shows a weak critical enhancement upon crossing the Widom line. During the remaining time, the time-averaged convective heat flux drops to the order of 0.1 MW/m2. Such a drop in heat flux is more obvious in low-bulk-density cases, leading to a relatively long time for sufficient W cooling.
Research on splicing method of temperature distribution curve of EHV–UHV long string porcelain insulators
Authors: Mao Xiaopo , Zhou Xueming 
Published: October 2022

The infrared thermal image detection method has unique advantages in the field of low zero value diagnosis of porcelain insulators. However, since the length of the extra–ultra-high voltage (EHV–UHV) porcelain insulator string can reach more than 10 m, it is difficult for common industrial thermal imagers/airborne lenses to clearly capture the infrared spectrum of the full string of EHV–UHV porcelain insulators. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a two-segment temperature curve splicing method based on weighted data fusion. The method avoids the problem of missing targets existing in conventional infrared image splicing methods and has higher fitting accuracy than curve splicing methods such as rounding splicing and midpoint splicing. This paper takes a 1000 kV insulator string as an example to illustrate the basic algorithm and process of the proposed curve splicing method and takes a 500 kV insulator string as an example to carry out a comparative study of various curve splicing methods, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
Low-temperature metal/Zerodur heterogeneous bonding through gas-phase processed adhesion promoting interfacial layers
Authors: Klokkevold Katherine N. , Keeven Weston , Lee Dong Hun , Clevenger Michael , Liu Mingyuan , No Kwangsoo , Song Han Wook , Lee Sunghwan 
Published: October 2022

The bonding of ceramic to metal has been challenging due to the dissimilar nature of the materials, particularly different surface properties and the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE). To address the issues, gas phase-processed thin metal films were inserted at the metal/ceramic interface to modify the ceramic surface and, therefore, promote heterogeneous bonding. In addition, an alloy bonder that is mechanically and chemically activated at as low as 220 °C with reactive metal elements was utilized to bond the metal and ceramic. Stainless steel (SS)/Zerodur is selected as the metal/ceramic bonding system where Zerodur is chosen due to the known low CTE. The low-temperature process and the low CTE of Zerodur are critical to minimizing the undesirable stress evolution at the bonded interface. Sputtered Ti, Sn, and Cu (300 nm) were deposited on the Zerodur surface, and then dually activated molten alloy bonders were spread on both surfaces of the coated Zerodur and SS at 220 °C in air. The shear stress of the bonding was tested with a custom-designed fixture in a universal testing machine and was recorded through a strain indicator. The mechanical strength and the bonded surface property were compared as a function of interfacial metal thin film and analyzed through thermodynamic interfacial stability/instability calculations. A maximum shear strength of bonding of 4.36 MPa was obtained with Cu interfacial layers, while that of Sn was 3.53 MPa and that of Ti was 3.42 MPa. These bonding strengths are significantly higher than those (∼0.04 MPa) of contacts without interfacial reactive thin metals.
Availability to ruminants of nitrogen in senesced C
Authors: Dixon R. M. , Mayer R. J. 
Published: October 2022

Context Nutritional standards usually assume that ∼10% of the total nitrogen (TN) in forages is indigestible and hence not available to the ruminant. Senesced tropical C4 grasses often contain TN concentrations that are marginal or deficient to meet the nutrient requirements of ruminants, and low TN availability will exacerbate N deficiencies. Aim The aim of the study was to estimate the availability (i.e. digestibility) to ruminants of TN in mature and senesced C4 grasses, using data derived from previous experiments and published data. Methods In Dataset 1, forages grown in subtropical or tropical environments, including C4 (n = 143) and C3 (n = 15) grasses, were analysed for parameters including TN, acid detergent fibre (ADF), and N insoluble in ADF solution (ADIN). ADIN was used as a measure of unavailable TN. The Dataset 2 analysis included published measurements of TN and ADIN in C4 (n = 187) and C3 (n = 45) grasses. Key results In Dataset 1, TN averaged 9.7 and ADIN 1.45 g N/kg diet DM in C4 grasses. ADIN concentration could be predicted from TN and ADF concentrations by multiple regression (R2 = 0.50; P < 0.001). The ratio ADIN/TN averaged 170 g/kg and increased exponentially with increasing ADF concentration (R2 = 0.43; P < 0.001). Also, ADIN/TN was inversely related to TN concentration and DM digestibility. In C4 grasses containing >400 and >500 g ADF/kg DM, ADIN/TN averaged 190 and 230 g/kg, respectively, and in those containing <10 g TN/kg DM, ADIN/TN averaged 194 g/kg. In these low-quality C4 grasses only ∼80%, and as little as ∼50%, of TN was available to ruminants. Dataset 2 produced similar results, although C4 grass forages were generally of higher quality, most having been harvested during vegetative growth. ADIN/TN was much lower in C3 grasses (89 g/kg). Conclusions In senesced, low-quality C4 grasses containing >400 g ADF, <10 g TN or <530 g digestible DM/kg, the proportion of TN available to ruminants is substantially lower than that assumed for forages in general. Implications Low availability of TN in many senesced C4 grasses needs to be considered when evaluating the adequacy of dietary TN for ruminants grazing senesced tropical grass pastures.
Does a 40‐week football and Zumba exercise intervention influence self‐reported job satisfaction, work role functioning and sick leave among female hospital employees? A cluster‐randomised controlled trial
Authors: Barene Svein , Krustrup Peter , Holtermann Andreas 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis 40‐week cluster‐randomised controlled trial (RCT) examines the effects of football and Zumba on self‐perceived job satisfaction, work role functioning and sick leave among Norwegian female hospital employees. Hundred‐and‐seven employees, mainly consisting of nurses (80%), were allocated into three groups; Football (FG), Zumba (ZG) and Control (CG). The exercise groups were offered two to three and one to two 1‐h weekly sessions during the first 12 and last 28 weeks, respectively, with an actual weekly exercise frequency of 2.4 ± 0.5 and 0.9 ± 0.2 in FG and 2.3 ± 0.3 and 0.8 ± 0.2 in ZG. Outcome variables were measured at baseline, 12 and 40 weeks. In comparison to CG (4.8 days 95% CI 3.2–6.4), ZG (1.9 days, 95% CI 0.4–3.5) had a significant lower overall mean days of sickness absence during last sick leave period (−2.9 days, 95% CI −5.1 to −0.7,p = .011) which corresponded to a moderate effect size (d = 0.60). Between baseline (88.5%, 95% CI 84.3–92.6) and 12 weeks (93.8%, 95% CI 89.4–98.2), ZG showed significant within‐group improvement in total score of the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire (WRFQ) (5.3%, 95% CI 0.6–10.1,p = .029), corresponding to a moderate effect size (d = 0.40). This study indicates that two to three 1‐h weekly Zumba sessions can have a preventive effect on sick leave in female hospital employees.
Transit Smart Solution for Bratislava – Example of Tramway Network Development
Authors: Schlosser T , Schlosser P , Korfant M , Bálint G , Takács J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The research presented was on the table more years and covers the cooperation of the University staff with City of Bratislava binding with the activity of private company. The base task was how to change the tremendous destruction of modal split in Bratislava, which growing on the side of private car usage. Results of couple of traffic studies show, that how could be this change re-define the current traffic behaviour and create for the new area new functional interest and certainly the new quality of relationships of land use. The system solution is in the amplification by a capacitive new tramway network. In the conditions of Bratislava, we need to change the behaviour of the people in the mobility over the area of the Capital city of Slovakia. The task was to solve the problem in Bratislava agglomeration as well. The solution is shown as a part of the integrated public transport services possibility to operate regular all days’ mobility problems in the city and not only to cover the rush hours. This article is an overview of 5 years work of traffic engineers and planners to keep clear systematic approach and solutions with developers and municipality administration.
VR-based Safety Training Research in Construction
Authors: Chellappa V , Mésároš P , Špak M , Spišáková M , Kaleja P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Safety training in the construction industry widely adopted virtual reality (VR) technologies to train and educate employees and workers to enhance the safety performance of projects. In this study, a review of VR-based safety training research in construction was carried out to understand the body of literature. Using keywords such as “construction industry” OR “safety training” OR “safety learning," etc., a total of 52 journal articles published between 2000 and 2021 were collected from the Scopus database after advanced filtering. A two-stage analysis of VR-based safety training methods and application areas was carried out were followed by a review. The results indicate that the immersive safety training method was widely used followed by desktop-based, game-based, and BIM-based training methods. VR-based safety training methods are largely applied to hazard recognition (HR), safe operations (SO), and safety awareness (SA). The study findings could assist both academicians and construction practitioners in choosing the best optimal VR-based safety training methods to improve training performance.
Rapid sequence intubation and the role of the emergency medicine pharmacist: 2022 update
Authors: Hampton Jeremy P , Hommer Kyle , Musselman Megan , Bilhimer Matt 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeThe dosing, potential adverse effects, and clinical outcomes of the most commonly utilized pharmacologic agents for rapid sequence intubation (RSI) are reviewed for the practicing emergency medicine pharmacist (EMP).SummaryRSI is the process of establishing a safe, functional respiratory system in patients unable to effectively breathe on their own. Various medications are chosen to sedate and even paralyze the patient to facilitate an efficient endotracheal intubation. The mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles of these agents were described in a 2011 review. Since then, the role of the EMP as well as the published evidence regarding RSI agents, including dosing, adverse effects, and clinical outcomes, has grown. It is necessary for the practicing EMP to update previous practice patterns in order to continue to provide optimal patient care.ConclusionWhile the agents used in RSI have changed little, knowledge regarding optimal dosing, appropriate patient selection, and possible adverse effects continues to be gained. The EMP is a key member of the bedside care team and uniquely positioned to communicate this evolving data.
Neuron tracing from light microscopy images: automation, deep learning and bench testing
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Wang Gaoyu , Ascoli Giorgio A , Zhou Jiangning , Liu Lijuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMotivationLarge-scale neuronal morphologies are essential to neuronal typing, connectivity characterization and brain modeling. It is widely accepted that automation is critical to the production of neuronal morphology. Despite previous survey papers about neuron tracing from light microscopy data in the last decade, thanks to the rapid development of the field, there is a need to update recent progress in a review focusing on new methods and remarkable applications.ResultsThis review outlines neuron tracing in various scenarios with the goal to help the community understand and navigate tools and resources. We describe the status, examples and accessibility of automatic neuron tracing. We survey recent advances of the increasingly popular deep-learning enhanced methods. We highlight the semi-automatic methods for single neuron tracing of mammalian whole brains as well as the resulting datasets, each containing thousands of full neuron morphologies. Finally, we exemplify the commonly used datasets and metrics for neuron tracing bench testing.
The ‘Powers of Horror’: Abjection, Critical Realism and Social Work
Authors: Houston Stan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAssessment is a pivotal part of social work process and is meant, amongst other things, to identify the deep-seated causes of human behaviour and well-being. This search for causation, it is argued, can be illuminated through a critical realist understanding of the person in society. In line with this philosophical stance, this article introduces a little considered causative mechanism pertinent to social work assessment: that of psychological abjection. Formulated by the French psychoanalytical theorist, Julia Kristeva, abjection serves to differentiate the self from the ‘abject’ or what is viewed as atypical in presentation. This concept is then scrutinised leading to the enlarged notion of social abjection; that is, the ‘othering’ and shaming of social groups which are viewed as anomalous. The implications of both psychological and social abjection for social workers are subsequently considered. At this point, the countervailing causative mechanism of recognition is proposed to mitigate abjection, and an argument is made for applying it within narrative social work and emancipatory groupwork. Finally, it is contended that social workers must commit to abjection work. This effort involves professionals gaining insight into how the abjection mechanism affects their inner world of perception and emotion, assessment of situations, and approach to service users.