bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors related to the length of stay for major depressive disorder patients in China: A real-world retrospective study
Authors: Cheng Peng , Wang Lirong , Xu Lizhi , Zhou Ying , Zhao Guangju , Zhang Li , Li Weihui 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAs numerous patients with depression have to be hospitalized because of various reasons, the demand far exceeds the limited bed count in the psychiatry department. Controlling the length of stay (LOS) of the patient is gradually being considered an effective method to alleviate this problem. Given the lack of statistical evidence of the LOS of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in China and the strain on the limited psychiatric resources, the purpose of our study was to investigate the LOS of patients with MDD among in-patient samples and to analyze related factors of the LOS in China by building a regression model.MethodThe data were exported from the electronic medical record system. A total of three categories of independent variables were enrolled in our study, namely, demographic, clinical, and biochemical. Univariate analysis and binominal regression analysis were applied comprehensively to find the factors related to the LOS among MDD samples. The discrimination accuracy of the model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. ROC analysis indicated that the discrimination accuracy of our model was acceptable (AUC = 0.790, 95% CI = 0.714–0.865, P &lt; 0.001).ResultA total of 254 patients were finally brought into analysis after filtering. Regression analysis indicated that abnormal LDL was the only risk factor of long LOS (OR = 3.352, 95% CI = 1.087–10.337, P = 0.035) among all the kinds of variables. Notably, in the statistically irrelevant factors of the LOS, the category of anti-depressant drugs [serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)] prescribed to patients with MDD was not associated statistically with the LOS, which was against our initial hypothesis that the LOS of patients with MDD treated with SNRI would vary from that of the patients treated with SSRI.ConclusionUp to our knowledge, our research is the first study to show the potential factors related to the LOS from various domains, especially biochemical indexes, and the effect of drugs, among clinical patients with MDD in China. Our results could provide a theoretical reference for efficient psychiatry hospitalization management and prioritization of allocating medical resources. Future studies are required for updating independent variables which are potentially related to the LOS and verifying existing results in a larger sample.
Anxiety and depression in dry eye patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: Mental state investigation and influencing factor analysis
Authors: Chen Zhuo , He Qing , Shi Qianhui , Xu Yifan , Yang Haibo , Wei Ruihua 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveInvestigate the anxiety and depression states among dry eye (DE) patients during the COVID-19 outbreak and analyze their influence factors.MethodsThe study was conducted in a tertiary eye hospital in Tianjin, China from March–April 2021. Four hundred twenty-eight DE patients were tested with the Ocular Surface Disease Index, Short Healthy Anxiety Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the difference between DE with depression or anxiety among different groups. And multiple linear regression was used to explore factors that influence anxiety and depression in DE patients.ResultsThe incidence rates of anxiety and depression among DE patients during COVID-19 were 27.34 and 26.87%, respectively. The proportion with comorbid anxiety and depression was 24.30%. Patients' education level (t = −3.001, P &lt; 0.05; t = −3.631, P &lt; 0.05), course of disease (t = 2.341, P &lt; 0.05; t = 2.444, P &lt; 0.05), health anxiety (t = 3.015, P &lt; 0.05; t = 2.731, P &lt; 0.05), and subjective sleep quality (t = 3.610, P &lt; 0.05; t = 4.203, P &lt; 0.05) had certain influences on anxiety and depression.ConclusionThe results showed that subjective symptoms of DE patients were related to depression and anxiety. Higher education, shorter disease duration, lower health anxiety levels, and better subjective sleep quality were associated with the reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms in DE patients. These findings could be deemed beneficial to the treatment and prevention of DE during the COVID-19 epidemic.
Developing healthy eating promotion mass media campaigns: A qualitative study
Authors: Capitão Carolina , Martins Raquel , Feteira-Santos Rodrigo , Virgolino Ana , Graça Pedro , Gregório Maria João , Santos Osvaldo 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundInvolving consumers in the development and assessment of mass media campaigns has been advocated, though research is still lacking. This study aimed to explore opinions and attitudes of citizens, health professionals, communication professionals, and digital influencers regarding the development and implementation of healthy eating promotion mass media campaigns.MethodsWe conducted five semi-structured focus groups, where participants were exposed to the first nationwide mass media campaign promoting healthy eating in Portugal. Through criteria-based purposive sampling, 19 citizens, five health professionals, two communication professionals, and four digital influencers were included. Transcripts were analyzed using Charmaz's line-to-line open coding process.ResultsMain identified themes were: considerations about informative-centered campaigns, health/nutritional issues to address, campaign formulation, target audiences, dissemination channels, and influencers' involvement. Participants favored campaigns focused on practical, transformative, and useful information with simple, innovative, activating, and exciting messages instead of strictly informative campaigns. Health and communication professionals mentioned the importance of adapting the message and dissemination channels to the target audience, addressing the most vulnerable and hard-to-reach individuals, and highlighted the importance of short video format.ConclusionsActive involvement of the health promotion target audience is crucial for the development and effectiveness of health campaigns. Campaigns need to convey health messages on simple though exciting communication materials, targeted to the most vulnerable subgroups, including deprived, less educated, younger, and older generations.
Rural-Urban Migration, Childbearing Decision-Making, Fertility and Contraceptive Perspectives of Street Adolescents and Youth in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Bwambale Mulekya Francis , Moyer Cheryl A. , Bukuluki Paul , van den Borne Bart 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionThis paper aims to describe and assess social demographic factors associated with childbearing decision-making, fertility and contraceptive intentions among street adolescents and youth in Kampala, Uganda while considering rural-urban migration as an explanatory factor.Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 513 adolescents and youth aged 12–24 years self-identifying as street adolescents and youth were interviewed with a structured questionnaire in 2019. Street adolescents and youth who migrated from other rural districts to Kampala were compared with those from the city. Logistic regression was performed to assess associations between the independent factors and personal childbearing decision-making, fertility and contraceptive intentions.ResultsOverall, 80.31% of the street adolescents and youth had a rural-urban migration experience. Fifty six percent (56.32%) of the street adolescents and youth made personal childbearing decisions, 94.15% expressed intentions to have children in the future and 42.88% expressed intentions to use contraceptives in the future. Intentions to use contraceptives were significantly higher among males (58.75%) than females (20.00%), and higher among migrants (65.91%) compared to non-migrants (34.09%). Contraceptive intentions were positively associated with self-perceived permanent residential status (aOR = 10.26, 2.70–39.08), intra-urban mobility (aOR = 4.99, 95%CI 1.50–6.59) and intentions to migrate to other towns within the country (aOR = 5.33, 95%CI 1.59–17.80). Being married (aOR = 0.13, 95%CI 0.02–0.85), a large shelter population size (aOR = 0.13, 95%CI 0.03–0.63) and having repeat migrations between the city and home district (aOR = 0.23, 95%CI 0.05–0.94), including migration-associated challenges reduced the odds of street youth's personal childbearing decision-making, while belonging to a social support group increased the odds of childbearing decision-making. We found no significant association between social demographic characteristics and fertility intentions.DiscussionFactors that influenced personal childbearing decision-making and contraceptive intentions among street adolescents and youth in Kampala operate mainly at the interpersonal and community levels, with marital status, shelter population size, rural-urban migration and its associated challenges associated with childbearing decision-making. Interventions to promote childbearing decision-making and contraceptive use among street adolescents and youth should take into consideration their migration and intra-urban mobility patterns.
Kyphoplasty for thoracic and lumbar fractures with an intravertebral vacuum phenomenon in ankylosing spondylitis patients
Authors: Liu Hao , Zhou Quan , Zhang Junxin , Deng Lei , Hu Xiayu , He Wei , Liu Tao , Yang Huilin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundIntravertebral vacuum phenomenon (IVP) is a special sign after vertebral fractures, which is common in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and may indicate pseudarthrosis and bone nonunion that lead to spinal instability. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of kyphoplasty (KP) in treating such types of vertebral fractures with AS.MethodsSixteen patients with AS suffering from thoracic or lumbar fractures with IVP received KP from 2015 to 2020 and were monitored for more than 1 year. The visual analog scale (VAS) score was used to evaluate back pain relief. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) questionnaire was used to assess the improvement of the patients' living quality. The anterior and middle vertebral height restoration ratio (AVH, MVH) and the kyphotic angle (KA) were used to evaluate the radiographic results.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 20.8 months (12–28 months). The VAS and ODI significantly reduced at 3 days, 3 months after surgery, and at the last follow-up compared with the preoperative outcomes (p &lt; 0.05). The AVH and MVH were significantly increased compared with the preoperative outcomes (p &lt; 0.05). There was a significant correction in the KA between pre- and postoperative assessments (p &lt; 0.05). Asymptomatic intradiscal polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement leakage was found in two patients.ConclusionsFor thoracic or lumbar fractures with IVP in AS patients, KP may be safe and effective, which achieves pain relief and satisfying functional improvement, restores the anterior and middle height, and corrects the kyphotic angle of the fractured vertebra.
Sex differences in cancer-specific survival for locally advanced esophageal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: A population-based analysis
Authors: Wang Jiaqiang , Ye Chengwei , Zhang Chaoyang , Wang Kaiming , Hong Furong , Peng Qingqin , Chen Zilong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is the recommended standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer (LA-EC). This study aimed to determine whether sex makes a difference in cancer-specific survival (CSS) and construct a novel nomogram model to predict CSS for LA-EC after nCRT based on the SEER database.MethodsPatients coded by 04–15 were identified from the SEER database. Patients with systemic treatment and radiotherapy before surgery were defined as nCRT. We further divided this population into a training group and a verification group at a ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate cox analyses were applied to determine the prognostic risk factors based on the training cohort, and then the Nomogram model was established. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of the model. We used the calibration curve to evaluate the consistency between the predicted status and actual status and decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate the clinical value. We used X-tile software to determine the best cut-off value of nomogram scores and divided the population into low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk groups, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to compare the CSS.ResultsA total of 2096 LA-EC patients were included for further analysis, with 1,540 in the training cohort and 656 in the validation group. Male (HR: 1.29, 95% CI, 1.04 −1.58), T stage, N stage, and M stage were identified as independent risk factors of CSS based on the training cohort. A Nomogram model was constructed to predict the 3-, 5- and 7-years CSS. ROC curve and AUC confirmed that this nomogram has median discrimination ability. The calibration curve showed good agreement between predicted status and actual status. The DCA curves confirmed the clinical value. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients in the high-risk subgroup had poorer CSS in both the training cohort and validation cohort (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionMale patients had poorer CSS in LA-EC patients after nCRT. A nomogram model composed of sex, T stage, N stage, and M stage was constructed to identify the high-risk population and provide a personalized follow-up plan.
Measures of insulin sensitivity, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations in cats in diabetic remission compared to healthy control cats
Authors: Gottlieb Susan , Rand Jacquie S. , Ishioka Katsumi , Dias Daniel A. , Boughton Berin A. , Roessner Ute , Ramadan Ziad , Anderson Stephen T. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesFirstly, to compare differences in insulin, adiponectin, leptin, and measures of insulin sensitivity between diabetic cats in remission and healthy control cats, and determine whether these are predictors of diabetic relapse. Secondly, to determine if these hormones are associated with serum metabolites known to differ between groups. Thirdly, if any of the hormonal or identified metabolites are associated with measures of insulin sensitivity.AnimalsTwenty cats in diabetic remission for a median of 101 days, and 21 healthy matched control cats.MethodsA casual blood glucose measured on admission to the clinic. Following a 24 h fast, a fasted blood glucose was measured, and blood sample taken for hormone (i.e., insulin, leptin, and adiponectin) and untargeted metabolomic (GC-MS and LC-MS) analysis. A simplified IVGGT (1 g glucose/kg) was performed 3 h later. Cats were monitored for diabetes relapse for at least 9 months (270 days).ResultsCats in diabetic remission had significantly higher serum glucose and insulin concentrations, and decreased insulin sensitivity as indicated by an increase in HOMA and decrease in QUICKI and Bennett indices. Leptin was significantly increased, but there was no difference in adiponectin (or body condition score). Several significant correlations were found between insulin sensitivity indices, leptin, and serum metabolites identified as significantly different between remission and control cats. No metabolites were significantly correlated with adiponectin. No predictors of relapse were identified in this study.Conclusion and clinical importanceInsulin resistance, an underlying factor in diabetic cats, persists in diabetic remission. Cats in remission should be managed to avoid further exacerbating insulin resistance.
ePSICONUT: An e-Health Programme to Improve Emotional Health and Lifestyle in University Students
Authors: Cantisano Luisa Marilia , Gonzalez-Soltero Rocio , Blanco-Fernández Ascensión , Belando-Pedreño Noelia 
Published: July 2022

The use of information and communication technologies in the health field is known as eHealth. Nowadays, the application of technological and digital tools for maintaining/improving physical and mental health is experiencing an exponential boom. These tools have been perceived as a powerful support for face-to-face therapies and lifestyle changes. Nevertheless, there is not enough scientific research that analyses the impact and consequences of eHealth interventions. More studies are needed to validate its application. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of eHealth tools in a programme called ePSICONUT. This programme was created to promote healthy lifestyle habits in university students. The sample consisted of 16 university students from the Dominican Republic aged 18–24 years (x¯ = 20.69; s = 1.74). ePSICONUT was developed in 12 weeks and its impact was analyzed by comparing the initial and the final psychological and lifestyle tests results, which were completed online by the participants. Results reported that the professionally supervised use of eHealth tools was associated with better psychological well-being, lees anxiety and depression, and better lifestyle habits (such as diet quality), even in stressful and changing situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic circumstances. However, more studies are needed to validate and promote the use of eHealth-based intervention programmes.
¿Qué tipo de material didáctico es empleado para el desarrollo del lenguaje en Educación Inicial?
Authors: Quinga Nacimba Yoselyn Carolina , Maurera Caballero Sandra Yaritza , Guijarro Vinces Johanna Stefanía 
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar el material didáctico empleado por los docentes de Educación Inicial en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de niños de 3 a 5 años en el área del lenguaje, esto se apoyó en la teoría del material didáctico. Este estudio fue una investigación de campo, y se apoyó en un cuestionario cerrado y autoadministrado a 50 docentes de varios cantones de Ecuador. Los resultados indican que estos profesionales prefieren utilizar cantos, rondas, pictogramas, títeres y letras con textura, todos estos recursos siempre son recomendados por los especialistas, lo que significa que dichos recursos son adecuados para el desarrollo del lenguaje.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Educación de la primera infancia; recursos educativos; desarrollo del lenguaje.
What kind of teaching material is employed for language development in Initial Education?
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to identify the didactic material used by teachers of Initial Education in the process of teaching and learning of children from 3 to 5 years of age in ​​language, this was supported by the theory of didactic material. This study was a field investigation and was supported by a closed questionnaire and self-administered to 50 teachers from various cantons of Ecuador. The results indicate that these professionals prefer to use chants, rounds, pictograms, puppets and textured letters, all these resources are always recommended by specialists, which means that these resources are suitable for language development.
KEYWORDS: Early childhood education; educational resources; language development.
Desafíos del ensayo literario en el programa del Diploma de Bachillerato Internacional
Authors: Quintana Pacheco Karina Belen , San Lucas Solórzano Carolina Elizabeth 
Published: July 2022

El ensayo literario, es un texto argumentativo que contrasta el pensamiento crítico del estudiante con sus habilidades de redacción, en el ámbito académico el cumpliento de esta tarea reune procesos cognitivos que se desarrollan mediante la orabilidad, lectura y escritura. El objetivo de este artículo es describir los desafios en la producción literaria que enfrentan los estudiantes y docentes del Programa de Diplomado del Bachillerato Internacional, mediante la entrevista se hallaron cuatro ejes problemáticos que involucra: a) la dificultad de un estilo literario, b) la utilización de un lenguaje formal y diversificación del vocabulario, c) falta de práctica del ensayo en el aula por limitaciones en la malla curricular, d) escaso hábito de lectura, e) poca organización de tiempo e ideas.
PALABRAS CLAVES: ensayo literario; producción literaria; pensamiento crítico; lectura; escritura.
Challenges of the literary essay in the International Baccalaureate Diploma program
ABSTRACT
The literary essay is an argumentative text that contrasts the critical thinking of the student with his writing skills, in the academic field the fulfillment of this task brings together cognitive processes that are developed through orability, reading and writing. The objective of this article is to describe the challenges in literary production faced by students and teachers of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program, through the interview, four problematic axes were found that involve: a) the difficulty of a literary style, b) the use of a formal language and diversification of vocabulary, c) lack of practice of the essay in the classroom due to limitations in the curriculum, d) little reading habit, e) little organization of time and ideas.
KEYWORDS: literary essay; literary production; critical thinking; reading; writing.