bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a fish entrainment model assistant in a reservoir operation in China
Authors: Bao Meixia , Li Pengcheng , Han Yu , Zhang Wenming , Li Yike , Yao Weiwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Individual fish are vulnerable in hydropower reservoirs due to spillway and intake operations. It is essential to understand how reservoir forebay fish ecosystems respond to water levels, intake, and spillway regulation. This study aims to explore the fish entrainment risk of the Dawei Reservoir operation on the Dadu River in Sichuan, China, accounting for both intake and spillway operations under wet, normal, and dry seasonal reservoir water levels. Hydrodynamic variables, reservoir operation scenarios, and two fish species were used as indexes to analyze the fish entrainment risk. The simulation results showed that the fish entrainment risk was low under the Dawei intake operation schemes ranging from 0.84 × 103 to 5.97 × 103 m2. The results also showed that the fish entrainment risk was very high under the Dawei spillway operation in fish entrainment areas ranging from 3.90 × 104 to 2.08 × 105 m2. Based on the simulation results, the lowest fish entrainment risk happened with two intakes open and the reservoir water level at 2,640 m. The highest fish entrainment risk happened with five intakes open and the reservoir water level at 2,670 m. The results indicate that the long-term Dawei Reservoir regulation would not modify the fish entrainment risk at significant levels under the Dawei Reservoir operation schemes.
Dynamic and initial head loss in full-scale wastewater filtration and measures to prevent long-term initial head loss
Authors: Jonsson Lena Margareta , Björlenius Berndt 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Dual media sand filters at Henriksdal WWTP began to show high head loss after five years of operation, especially during the fluidization for sorting the filter bed after backwashing. At that time, the filters were still clean and the dynamic head loss, due to clogging of the filters with suspended solids during a cycle of operation, had its lowest value. Dynamic head loss over the lower sand layer surface in the dual media sand filter was detected in some filter cycles of operation. The initial head loss in the filters has increased over the years. This type of head loss is constant during a cycle of operation and increases only slowly with time. It is due to different factors, as precipitation of ferric oxide hydroxide in the nozzle slots and on the grains in the filter bed, and accumulation of filter bed grains below the filter bottom. Different measures were tested to reduce or eliminate the initial head loss in the filters. Results from frequency diagrams showed that changing nozzles and removing of filter bed material from below the filter bottom were the most favourable actions. Backwashing more frequently and with more sequences also reduced the initial head loss.
Recent Advancements in Development of Radical Silylation Reactions
Authors: Khatravath Mahender , Maurya Rohit Kumar , Dey Ashutosh , Burra Amarender Goud , Chatterjee Rana , Dandela Rambabu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Transition metal-free radical hydrosilylation of alkynes and factionalized alkenes to vinylsilanes, organosilanes from alkenes, radical silylative cyclizations for sila heterocycles, aromatic dehydrogenative radical silylation, sila-amino acids, silyl hydroperoxides by using transition metal-free reaction conditions such as peroxides, photocatalyst, hydrogen atom transfer catalyst, radical initiators have become one of the most important and useful methodologies for the construction of C-Si bonds for their synthetic applications. In order to demonstrate the growth in this area, this review highlights the last twenty years of success in the fields of silylation of aromatics, silylative cyclizations of sila heterocycles, synthesis of vinylsilanes by hydrosilylation of alkynes, and functionalized alkenes, organosilanes from alkenes and dehydrogenative approaches for vinylsilanes involving radical mechanisms. We believe that summarizing these methods would be very useful for the chemists who are interested in the synthesis of organosilicon compounds for drug discovery or the development of silicon-based materials for industrial applications.
Cannabis and Driving: Developing Guidelines for Safety Policies
Authors: Manetti Federico , Chericoni Silvio , Marrocco Anna , Scopetti Matteo , Padovano Martina , Santurro Alessandro , Frati Paola , Gabbrielli Mario , Fineschi Vittorio 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
The dynamism in the regulatory frameworks concerning the consumption
of cannabinoids has placed their effects on cognitive and psychomotor skills at the center of
the scientific debate. In consideration of the potential repercussions on public safety, particular
attention has been focused on the impairment of driving skills, opening up the need to specifically
regulate driving under the effects of cannabinoids.

Pharmacokinetics:
Both native cannabinoids and metabolites show a long positivity at low concentrations
in the biological fluids, especially in the case of chronic consumption. Qualitative positivity
to cannabinoids does not itself prove the presence of detrimental effects, which require the
presence of active substances at relevant concentrations.

Driving Skill Impairment:
Multiple studies highlight a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration-
based alteration of driving skills mainly affecting automatisms, whereas skills subjected to
cognitive control are preserved up to higher dosages. The evidence relating to associations with
other substances, chronic consumption and other cannabinoids, on the other hand, is still burdened
by a high degree of uncertainty.

Regulation Policies:
Different models can be adopted in the regulation of driving under the effects
of cannabinoids: sanctions can be applied in case of qualitative positivity, cannabinoids concentration
above a defined threshold, or in presence of a demonstrated state of cognitive alteration.

Conclusion:
"Per se limit" with a quantitative THC cut-off between 3.5 and 5 ng/ml can currently
be considered the most balanced choice. Finally, the analysis carried out allowed to identify pitfalls
in both scientific and legislative fields for the improvement of safety policies
Combined Inhibition of KIF11 and KIF15 as an Effective Therapeutic
Strategy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Jiao Zuo-Yi , Sun Ruo-Fei , He Na , Zhang Geng-Yuan , Yu Ze-Yuan , Li Lian-Shun , Ma Zhi-Jian 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Novel tuppherapeutic strategies are urgently required to improve clinical outcomes of gastric cancer (GC). KIF15 cooperates with KIF11 to promote bipolar spindle assembly and formation, which is essential for proper sister chromatid segregation. Therefore, we speculated that the combined inhibition of KIF11 and KIF15 might be an effective strategy for GC treatment. Hence, to test this hypothesis, we aimed to evaluate the combined therapeutic effect of KIF15 inhibitor KIF15-IN-1 and KIF11 inhibitor ispinesib in GC.

Methods:
We validated the expression of KIF11 and KIF15 in GC tissues using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Next, we determined the effects of KIF11 or KIF15 knockout on the proliferation of GC cell lines. Finally, we investigated the combined effects of the KIF11 and KIF15 inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
KIF11 and KIF15 were overexpressed in GC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. Knockout of either KIF11 or KIF15 inhibited the proliferative and clonogenic abilities of GC cells. We found that the KIF15 knockout significantly increased ispinesib sensitivity in GC cells, while its overexpression showed the opposite effect. Further, using KIF15-IN-1 and ispinesib together had a synergistic effect on the antitumor proliferation of GC both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion:
This study shows that the combination therapy of inhibiting KIF11 and KIF15 might be an effective therapeutic strategy against gastric cancer.
Natural Antioxidants of the Underutilized and Neglected Plant Species of Asia and South America
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Marmitt Diorge Jonatas , Cheng Qi , Sun Wenli 
Published: June 2022

Background:Plants have played an essential role in the search for new compounds for the most diverse therapeutic purposes. Recently, more attention has been paid to natural antioxidants because of the possible insecurity of synthetic antioxidants.Objective:The review is aimed at summarizing the most important and common natural antioxidants and their resources from medicinal plants.Methods:The research was performed using data bases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, etc. to search for all collected scientific publications.Results:The most important medicinal plants with antioxidant activities in Iran are Artemisia, berberry fruit, borage, calendula, coriander, cumin, green tea, hawthorn, jujube, pomegranate, rose, rosemary, black zira, tea, and thyme. Important traditional medicinal plants with antioxidant activities in China are Asparagus, bindii, blueberries, camellia, Chinese bayberry, Chinese bitter melon, Chinese cabbage, Chinese cherry, Chinese jujube, Chinese olive, pomegranate, Chinese rose tea, Chinese toon, Chinese watermelon, black tea, knotweed, Chinese quince, Chinese rhubarb, sumac, wolfberry, dendrobium, drumstick tree, Fiscus species, ginger, ginkgo, goji berry, grape, Jerusalem thorn, kiwifruit seed oil, and liquorice root. Anacardium occidentale L., Ananas comosus (L.) Merril, Baccharis trimera (Less) DC., Carapa guianensis Aubl., Casearia sylvestris Sw., Cordia verbenacea DC., Croton lechleri Müll. Arg., and Eugenia uniflora L. are the main medicinal plants with antioxidant activities in Brazil.Conclusion:Antioxidants are those molecules that are involved in the scavenging of these reactive species causing oxidative stress and are defined as those substances which could prevent the oxidation of the substrate at low concentrations. The main derived exogenous natural antioxidants are derived from medicinal plants, fruits, foods, flowers, and traditional herbal medicines in different parts of the world
Resveratrol in Cancer Treatment with a Focus on Breast Cancer
Authors: Gilasi Hamid Reza , Hamblin Michael R , Mirzaei Hamed , Kowsari Hamed , Davoodvandi Amirhossein , Dashti Fatemeh , Mirazimi Seyed Mohamad Ali , Bahabadi Zahra Razaghi , Aschner Michael , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Acute liver injury (ALI) is a critical and fatal disorder associated with excessive Although
considerable advances have been made in the early diagnosis and treatment of breast
cancer, it is still one of the major causes of global cancer-related death in women over the last
several decades. Phytochemicals have been shown to be promising agents in the prevention and
treatment of breast cancer. Resveratrol is an important plant-derived polyphenolic compound
with a variety of potent biological activities. It has been suggested that resveratrol can be used
to prevent and treat various types of cancer, including breast cancer. Resveratrol can affect numerous
signaling pathways in vitro, leading to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis,
suppression of proliferation, reduction of inflammatory responses, and the inhibition of angiogenesis
and metastasis. Nevertheless, studies of resveratrol in animal models of breast cancer
have so far been disappointing.
Synthesis, Characterization, In vitro Antimicrobial Evaluation and Molecular
Docking Studies of Pyrazole Based Pyrimidine and Pyrazolone
Motifs
Authors: Desai Nisheeth C. , Khasiya Ashvinkumar G. , Dave Bharti P. , Khedkar Vijay M. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
In the past few decades, mankind is suffering from tormented life-threatening infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. As a result, new antimicrobial classes with distinct modes of action are required to combat multidrug-resistant infections.

Objective:
The pyrazole-based pyrimidine and pyrazolone motifs were synthesized, characterized, and screened for their antimicrobial activity. Molecular docking was carried out for the development of antimicrobial agents based on the results of biological activity obtained.

Methods:
We have synthesized a new series of pyrazole containing pyrimidine-pyrazolone hybrids by using multi-step reactions in the search of antimicrobial agents (7a-o). The structures were determined by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopy techniques. Moreover, synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity by using serial Broth dilution method.

Results:
Antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds has been tested against bacterial and fungal strains. Compound 7o was most effective against S. aureus with MIC = 0.096 M/mL. A molecular docking study against microbial DNA gyrase revealed important information about the mechanisms underlying antimicrobial efficacy. Through significant interactions with active site residues, all of the compounds were able to dock well into the enzyme's active site. Furthermore, Compounds 7a (0.531 M/mL), 7b (0.456 M/mL), and 7m (0.485 M/mL) showed excellent antifungal activity against C. albicans compared to the positive control griseofulvin.

Conclusion:
It has been concluded that compounds containing electron-donating groups are found to be most active against bacterial strains while compounds having both electron-donating as well as electron-withdrawing groups are most favorable for antifungal activity.
Perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes portadores de ameloblastoma sometidos a cirugía en un hospital terciario del estado de São Paulo
Authors: Baldasserini Gabriel , Scomparin Leandro , M S de Freitas Karina , Martins de Souza Daniel Falbo , Cardoso Renato , B Paredes Wilber E 
Published: June 2022

El ameloblastoma es un tumor odontogénico localmente invasivo cuyo diagnóstico precoz es difícil. El tratamiento puede variar desde una enucleación simple, una enucleación asociada a curetaje y/o crioterapia hasta amplias resecciones quirúrgicas. En este presente estudio se utilizaron los datos epidemiológicos de los pacientes tales como nombre, edad, género, tipo de ameloblastoma, región y tipo de tratamiento. Éstos fueron colectados a partir de las historias clínicas de los pacientes tratados en el Conjunto Hospitalar del Mandaqui durante el periodo de 01/01/2010 al 30/08/2016. Los datos fueron transcritos para el formulario usado cotidianamente en el hospital y presentados en tablas y gráfi cos. De las 11 historias clínicas seleccionadas, seis pacientes pertenecían al sexo masculino y cinco al sexo femenino, con un promedio de edad de 32 años. La región mandibular fue la más comprometida según los datos recolectados (91%). Radiográfi camente, la imagen visualizada en una mayor frecuencia fue la multilocular (64%), y por otro lado, la presencia del ameloblastoma uniquístico fue detectada en cuatro casos (36%). El tratamiento consistió en la descompresión seguida de curetaje en tres casos (27%), resección segmentar en un caso (9%), resección segmentar seguida de reconstrucción en dos casos (18%), enucleación seguida de curetaje en tres casos (27%), curetaje y aplicación de solución de Carnoy en dos casos (18%). El periodo máximo de acompañamiento fue de cinco años, no presentándose recidiva en este periodo; sin embargo, hubo pérdida de acompañamiento de estos pacientes. Con base en los datos obtenidos en la población estudiada, se concluyó que la edad promedio varió de 10 a 66 años con una media de 32 años; por otro lado, el sexo masculino fue el más comprometido correspondiendo al 55% de la muestra, siendo el tipo radiográfi co de la lesión más encontrado el multilocular (64%). Finalmente, el área mandibular más afectada fue la región posterior de la mandíbula (73%) y el tipo de tratamiento con mayor prevalencia fue el desbridamiento (27%).
Análisis de los datos migratorios de la población regular venezolana que ingresó a Chile durante el período 2000–2021
Authors: Yajure Ramírez César A. 
Published: June 2022

El crecimiento exponencial de la migración venezolana en Chile, entre los años 2016 y 2019, impulsó políticas públicas que desaceleraron, a partir del 2020, el número de visas otorgadas a estos migrantes. En el presente estudio, a partir de un análisis de datos descriptivo, se identificaron sus características principales y aportes en términos de fuerza laboral calificada. La investigación fue de tipo cuantitativa-descriptiva, utilizando las estadísticas migratorias sobre visas temporales del Servicio Nacional de Migraciones de Chile para el período 2000–2021. Se aplicaron técnicas de limpieza, procesamiento y filtrado de datos, y luego se desarrolló el análisis correspondiente. Se obtuvo que más del 50 % de las personas tenían un contrato de trabajo cuando les fue otorgada la visa. El 27,54 % tenía estudios universitarios completados, el 8,7 % estudios técnicos, y el 34,48 % estudios de secundaria y/o básica. El 83,12 % eran mayores de edad, pero tenían menos de la edad jubilable, y el 66,30 % se encontraban en la Región Metropolitana. Se concluye que la mayoría de los migrantes venezolanos, que les fue otorgada una visa, durante el período 2000–2021 representa una fuerza laboral calificada, puesto que tenían estudios secundarios, técnicos o universitarios completados, y eran mayores de edad, pero no alcanzaban la edad legal para jubilarse.
MALATYA YÖRESİNDE BİR SANAT PRATİĞİ OLARAK MOZAİK KALINTILARI
Authors: ERCAN Halil Fazıl 
Published: June 2022

Uygulama tekniği olarak antik çağlara kadar uzanan mozaik sanatı taş, seramik, cam ahşap gibi çeşitli malzemelerin kesilerek belirlenen biçime göre bir yüzeye uygulanmasıyla oluşturulan dekorasyon olarak tanımlanabilir. Çoğunlukla mimariye bağlı olarak taban veya duvar uygulaması olarak karşılaştığımız mozaik sanatının malzemeye bağlı olarak farklı tekniklerde uygulandığını görmekteyiz.
Bu çalışmada Malatya yöresinde bulunan mozaikler araştırılmış olup uygulama teknikleri ve yüzeylerinde kullanılan desen çeşitliliği incelenmiştir. Yöredeki buluntu mozaiklerin roma dönemi ve Selçuklu dönemine ait olduğu görülmekte olup bu mozaiklerin taş mozaik ve seramik mozaik tekniğinde işlenmiş, motif olarak ağırlıklı olarak geometrik ve figüratif biçimler kullanılmıştır
Perkawinan Sedarah dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Humairah Humairah 
Published: June 2022

Inbreeding is considered an illegitimate marriage in Islam, only the Al-Quran and Hadith do not clearly explain the reason for the prohibition, this is different from several other prohibitions which are explained by the cause, such as the prohibition of alcohol and gambling. Therefore, this study will examine the interpretation of the mufasir about inbreeding in the Qur'an. This research is a literature study using descriptive analysis. The data was extracted using the tahlili method, which describes the content of the verses of the Qur'an from all sides, according to the order of the verses in a letter. The results show that Islam forbids marriage with close relatives and encourages it with distant relatives. This is in accordance with the science of genetics which asserts that traits in a person will be inherited, including various diseases and vulnerabilities. Both contemporary and classical commentators agree that inbreeding is prohibited because of various negative consequences that arise from psychological and sociological aspects for children and their families. Perkawinan sedarah dinilai sebagai pernikahan yang tidak sah dalam Islam, hanya saja Al-Quran dan Hadis tidak menjelaskan secara tegas alasan pelarangan tersebut, hal ini bereda dengan beberapa larangan lain yang dijelaskan penyebanya, seperti pengharaman khamar dan judi. Karena itu, kajian ini akan mengkaji penafsiran mufasir tentang perkawinan sedarah dalam Alquran. Penelitian ini bersifat kepustakaan dengan menggunakan analisa deskriptif. Data digali dengan menggunakan metode tahlili, yaitu menguraikan kandungan ayat-ayat Alquran dari seluruh sisi, sesuai dengan urutan ayat di dalam suatu surat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Islam melarang pernikahan dengan keluarga dekat dan menganjurkannya dengan kerabat yang jauh. Hal ini sesuai dengan ilmu genetika yang menegaskan bahwa sifat pada seseorang akan diwariskan, termasuk berbagai penyakit dan kerentaan. Para mufasir baik (kontemporer maupun klasik) sepakat bahwa pernikahan sedarah dilarang karena berbagai akibat negatif yang muncul dari aspek psikologis dan sosiologis bagi anak dan keluarganya.
Kepemimpinan Perempuan dalam Perspektif Ibnu Katsir dan M. Quraish Shihab
Authors: Hasin Muhamad Haswan Hafiz An Nur Bin , Bahri Samsul , Hakim Lukman 
Published: June 2022

The involvement of women in the public sphere today has become an important discussion to discuss, with changing times, it has forced some of the values that live in society to shift, including women's leadership in Islam. The emergence of pro and contra ideas about women's leadership requires a serious study, so that people can understand how to respond to this phenomenon. Based on the problems above, this study seeks to see how the views of the commentators explain the leadership of women in Islam. This study is a literature study with descriptive analysis. Through the muqaran interpretation method, the opinions of Ibn Kathir and M. Quraish Shihab became the main reference for research data. The results of the study indicate that Ibn Kathir gives an absolute signal that the right to leadership is given to men, which includes all things both in the household and in the public. While Quraish Shihab emphasized that the leadership of men over women is only limited in the household, in the public sphere, women also have the opportunity to become leaders. Keterlibatan perempuan dalam ranah publik dewasa ini telah menjadi diskusi yang penting dibicarakan, dengan perubahan zaman, telah memaksa sebagian nilai-nilai yang hidup dalam masyarakat bergeser, termasuk kepemimpinan perempuan dalam Islam. Munculnya ide yang pro dan kontra tentang kepemimpinan perempuan membutuhkan kajian yang serius, sehingga masyarakat dapat memahami bagaimana cara menyikapi fenomena tersebut. Berdasarkan persoalan di atas, kajian ini berupaya melihat bagaimana pandangan ulama tafsir menjelaskan tentang kepemimpinan perempuan dalam Islam. Kajian ini bersifat kepustakaan dengan analisis deskriptif. Melalui metode tafsir muqaran, pendapat Ibnu Katsir dan M. Quraish Shihab menjadi rujukan utama sebagai data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ibnu Katsir memberikan isyarat secara mutlak bahwa hak kepemimpinan diberikan kepada laki-laki, yang merangkumi semua hal baik di dalam rumah tangga maupun publik. Sementara Quraish Shihab menegaskan bahwa kepemimpinan laki-laki ke atas perempuan hanya terbatas di dalam rumah tangga, semnetara dalam ranah publik, perempuan juga punya kesempatan untuk menjadi pemimpin.