bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Predictive Value of Pre-operative N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Non-cardiac Surgery
Authors: Liu Xiang-Bin , Pang Ke , Tang Yong-Zhong , Le Yuan 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and risk of post-operative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI).MethodsThe electronic medical records and laboratory results were obtained from 3,949 adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing non-cardiac surgery performed between 1 October 2012 to 1 October 2019 at the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China. Collected data were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsIn all, 5.3% (209 of 3,949) of patients developed PO-AKI. Pre-operative NT-proBNP was an independent predictor of PO-AKI. After adjustment for significant variables, OR for AKI of highest and lowest NT-proBNP quintiles was 1.96 (95% CI, 1.04–3.68, P = 0.008), OR per 1-unit increment in natural log transformed NT-proBNP was 1.20 (95% CI, 1.09–1.32, P &lt; 0.001). Compared with clinical variables alone, the addition of NT-proBNP modestly improved the discrimination [change in area under the curve(AUC) from 0.82 to 0.83, ΔAUC=0.01, P = 0.024] and the reclassification (continuous net reclassification improvement 0.15, 95% CI, 0.01–0.29, P = 0.034, improved integrated discrimination 0.01, 95% CI, 0.002–0.02, P = 0.017) of AKI and non-AKI cases.ConclusionsResults from our retrospective cohort study showed that the addition of pre-operative NT-proBNP concentrations could better predict post-operative AKI in a cohort of non-cardiac surgery patients and achieve higher net benefit in decision curve analysis.
Empirical vs. Susceptibility-Guided Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nyssen Olga P. , Espada Marta , Gisbert Javier P. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTreating Helicobacter pylori infection according to antibiotic resistance has been frequently recommended. However, information on its real effectiveness is scarce.AimThe aim of this study is to perform a meta-analysis comparing empirical vs. susceptibility-guided treatment of H. pylori.MethodsSelection of studies: Studies comparing empirical versus susceptibility-guided treatment were selected. Search strategy: electronic and manual up to August 2021. Data synthesis: by intention-to-treat (random-effects model).ResultsOverall, 54 studies were included (6,705 patients in the susceptibility-guided group and 7,895 in the empirical group). H. pylori eradication rate was 86 vs. 76%, respectively (RR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.08–1.17; I2: 83%). Similar results were found when only RCTs were evaluated (24 studies; RR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.11–1.22; I2: 71%) and when susceptibility testing was assessed by culture (RR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06–1.18) or PCR (RR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.05–1.23). For first-line treatments (naïve patients; 30 studies), better efficacy results were obtained with the susceptibility-guided strategy (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.11–1.20; I2: 79%). However, for empirical first-line quadruple regimens, in particular (both with and without bismuth, excluding the suboptimal triple therapies), not based on CYP2C19 gene polymorphism, no differences in efficacy were found compared with the susceptibility-guided group (RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99–1.09); this lack of difference was confirmed in RCTs (RR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.99–1.12). For rescue therapies (13 studies, most 2nd-line), similar results were demonstrated for both strategies, including all studies (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.97–1.22; I2: 82%) and when only RCTs were considered (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.97–1.36).ConclusionThe benefit of susceptibility-guided treatment over empirical treatment of H. pylori infection could not be demonstrated, either in first-line (if the most updated quadruple regimens are prescribed) or in rescue therapies.
A P300-Detection Method Based on Logistic Regression and a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Li Qi , Wu Yan , Song Yu , Zhao Di , Sun Meiqi , Zhang Zhilin , Wu Jinglong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundElectroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems are widely utilized in various fields, including health care, intelligent assistance, identity recognition, emotion recognition, and fatigue detection. P300, the main event-related potential, is the primary component detected by EEG-based BCI systems. Existing algorithms for P300 classification in EEG data usually perform well when tested in a single participant, although they exhibit significant decreases in accuracy when tested in new participants. We attempted to address this lack of generalizability associated with existing classification methods using a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) model developed using logistic regression (LR).Materials and MethodsWe proposed an LR-CNN model comprising two parts: a combined LR-based memory model and a CNN-based generalization model. The LR-based memory model can learn the individual features of participants and addresses the decrease in accuracy caused by individual differences when applied to new participants. The CNN-based generalization model can learn the common features among participants, thereby reducing overall classification bias and improving overall classification accuracy.ResultsWe compared our method with existing, commonly used classification methods through three different sets of experiments. The experimental results indicated that our method could learn individual differences among participants. Compared with other commonly used classification methods, our method yielded a marked improvement (&gt;90%) in classification among new participants.ConclusionThe accuracy of the proposed model in the face of new participants is better than that of existing, commonly used classification methods. Such improvements in cross-subject test accuracy will aid in the development of BCI systems.
Radiomics Features on Computed Tomography Combined With Clinical-Radiological Factors Predicting Progressive Hemorrhage of Cerebral Contusion
Authors: Yang Qingning , Sun Jun , Guo Yi , Zeng Ping , Jin Ke , Huang Chencui , Xu Jingxu , Hou Liran , Li Chuanming , Feng Junbang 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of death and severe disability in young adults worldwide. Progressive hemorrhage (PH) worsens the disease and can cause a poor neurological prognosis. Radiomics analysis has been used for hematoma expansion of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. This study attempts to develop an optimal radiomics model based on non-contrast CT to predict PH by machine learning (ML) methods and compare its prediction performance with clinical-radiological models.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 165 TBI patients, including 89 patients with PH and 76 patients without PH, whose data were randomized into a training set and a testing set at a ratio of 7:3. A total of 10 different machine learning methods were used to predict PH. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were implemented to screen clinical-radiological factors and to establish a clinical-radiological model. Then, a combined model combining clinical-radiological factors with the radiomics score was constructed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy and F1 score, sensitivity, and specificity were used to evaluate the models.ResultsAmong the 10 various ML algorithms, the support vector machine (SVM) had the best prediction performance based on 12 radiomics features, including the AUC (training set: 0.918; testing set: 0.879) and accuracy (training set: 0.872; test set: 0.834). Among the clinical and radiological factors, the onset-to-baseline CT time, the scalp hematoma, and fibrinogen were associated with PH. The radiomics model's prediction performance was better than the clinical-radiological model, while the predictive nomogram combining the radiomics features with clinical-radiological characteristics performed best.ConclusionsThe radiomics model outperformed the traditional clinical-radiological model in predicting PH. The nomogram model of the combined radiomics features and clinical-radiological factors is a helpful tool for PH.
Pro-inflammatory Diet Pictured in Children With Atopic Dermatitis or Food Allergy: Nutritional Data of the LiNA Cohort
Authors: Schütte Olivia , Bachmann Larissa , Shivappa Nitin , Hebert James R. , Felix Janine F. , Röder Stefan , Sack Ulrich , Borte Michael , Kiess Wieland , Zenclussen Ana C. , Stangl Gabriele I. , Herberth Gunda , Junge Kristin M. 
Published: June 2022

Graphical AbstractAim and design of the analysed project within the prospective LiNA cohort.
The Role of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Differentiating Splenic Tuberculosis From Splenic Lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Wenzhi , Yang Gaoyi , Zhang Xu , Ni Tu 
Published: June 2022

AimTo summarize the features of splenic tuberculosis and splenic lymphoma by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and examine the application of CEUS in differentiating splenic tuberculosis from splenic lymphoma.MethodsThe ultrasound and CEUS manifestations of 30 cases of splenic tuberculosis and 19 cases of splenic lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed, and the number of lesions, degree of splenomegaly, internal echogenicity, color blood flow signal, and CEUS manifestations of the two diseases were statistically determined.ResultsA significant difference was noted in the internal echogenicity between splenic tuberculosis and splenic lymphoma lesions, particularly the strip-shaped hyperechoic areas of the lesions. The ultrasound features of perisplenic, retroperitoneal, and superficial lymph node enlargement were found to overlap (p &lt; 0.05). Splenic tuberculosis showed heterogeneous enhancement and non-enhancement, whereas lymphoma showed low enhancement and high enhancement, and CEUS findings were statistically significant in distinguishing both, p &lt; 0.05.ConclusionSplenic tuberculosis is characterized by a lack of blood supply, mostly heterogeneous enhancement, and non-enhancement noted in CEUS. Splenic lymphoma lesions are often characterized by a rich blood supply and homogeneous enhancement on CEUS. CEUS can help identify the microcirculation of lesions in both patients with splenic lymphoma and patients with splenic tuberculosis. Thus, CEUS has great application value.
Efficient Low Threshold Frequency Conversion in AlGaAs-On-Insulator Waveguides
Authors: Ulsig Emil Z. , Degli-Eredi Iterio , Stanton Eric J. , Volet Nicolas 
Published: June 2022

A design study is presented for an efficient, compact and robust device to convert the frequency of single-photons from the near-infrared to the telecom C-band. The material platform aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)-on-insulator, with its relatively large second-order nonlinearity, is used to create highly confined optical modes. This platform can feasibly incorporate single-photon emitters such as indium arsenide (InAs) on gallium arsenide (GaAs), paving the way towards direct integration of single-photon sources and nonlinear waveguides on the same chip. In this design study, single-pass difference-frequency generation (DFG) producing C-band single-photons is enabled via form birefringent phase-matching between a 930 nm single-photon pump and continuous wave (CW) idler at 2,325 nm. In particular the idler and single-photons are combined with an on-chip directional coupler, and then tapered to a single waveguide where the three modes are phase-matched. The design is studied at a special case, showing high fabrication tolerances, and an internal conversion efficiency up to 41%.
Mapping Evidence on the Burden of Breast, Cervical, and Prostate Cancers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Musekiwa Alfred , Moyo Maureen , Mohammed Mohanad , Matsena-Zingoni Zvifadzo , Twabi Halima Sumayya , Batidzirai Jesca Mercy , Singini Geoffrey Chiyuzga , Kgarosi Kabelo , Mchunu Nobuhle , Nevhungoni Portia , Silinda Patricia , Ekwomadu Theodora , Maposa Innocent 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCancer remains a major public health problem, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where the provision of health care is poor. This scoping review mapped evidence in the literature regarding the burden of cervical, breast and prostate cancers in SSA.MethodsWe conducted this scoping review using the Arksey and O'Malley framework, with five steps: identifying the research question; searching for relevant studies; selecting studies; charting the data; and collating, summarizing, and reporting the data. We performed all the steps independently and resolved disagreements through discussion. We used Endnote software to manage references and the Rayyan software to screen studies.ResultsWe found 138 studies that met our inclusion criteria from 2,751 studies identified through the electronic databases. The majority were retrospective studies of mostly registries and patient files (n= 77, 55.8%), followed by cross-sectional studies (n= 51, 36.9%). We included studies published from 1990 to 2021, with a sharp increase from 2010 to 2021. The quality of studies was overall satisfactory. Most studies were done in South Africa (n= 20) and Nigeria (n= 17). The majority were on cervical cancer (n= 93, 67.4%), followed by breast cancer (67, 48.6%) and the least were on prostate cancer (48, 34.8%). Concerning the burden of cancer, most reported prevalence and incidence. We also found a few studies investigating mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and years of life lost (YLL).ConclusionsWe found many retrospective record review cross-sectional studies, mainly in South Africa and Nigeria, reporting the prevalence and incidence of cervical, breast and prostate cancer in SSA. There were a few systematic and scoping reviews. There is a scarcity of cervical, breast and prostate cancer burden studies in several SSA countries. The findings in this study can inform policy on improving the public health systems and therefore reduce cancer incidence and mortality in SSA.
Comparative Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin in Salivary Glands vs. Oromotor Therapy in the Management of Sialorrhea in Cerebral Palsy Impact on Sleep Quality
Authors: Marquez-Vazquez Juan Francisco , Arellano-Saldaña María Elena , Rojas-Martinez Karla Nayeli , Carrillo-Mora Paul 
Published: June 2022

AimsThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of intraglandular abobotuliniumtoxinA application and oromotor therapy in the management of sialorrhea in patients with cerebral palsy and its effect on sleep quality.MethodsA comparative study (n = 134), mean age 7.1 years (± 3.9 years) was performed in pediatric patients, between the efficacy of abobotuliniumtoxinA in salivary glands and oromotor therapy (JT), with a control group receiving exclusive oromotor therapy (EOMT). Demographic variables, as well as Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale (DSFS), Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) were analyzed in 134 patients considering two measurements 6 months apart. Statistical analysis was developed between both groups.ResultsThe greatest improvement in safety and efficacy of swallowing were those in the JT group with initial levels of EDACS IV and V. Both therapies result in favorable changes of all subscales means of SDSC, with joint therapy showing the greater benefit (p = 0.003) over EOMT (p = 0.06), especially for Sleep Breathing Disorders and Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (p &lt; 0.01 vs. p = 0.07). No major adverse effects were found, only those expected from the application of the toxin, such as pain, mild, and transient local inflammation.InterpretationA correlation between frequency and intensity of sialorrhea, with the frequency of sleep disorders and dysphagia was found. Conventional EOMT proved to be useful, improving the safety and efficacy of swallowing, sialorrhea and sleep disorder, however it can be enhanced with the application of abobotuliniumtoxinA.
Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adults. Review
Authors: Петрова Н.Н. 
Published: June 2022

Обзор литературы посвящен проблеме расстройств аутистического спектра (РАС), в том числе во взрослом возрасте. Приводятся современные представления о РАС. Показано место РАС в современных систематиках. Дается характеристика распространенности и проявлениям РАС во взрослой популяции, особенностям социальной адаптации лиц с данными расстройствами, психиатрической коморбидности, подходам к диагностике, дифференциальной диагностике и оказанию психиатрической помощи взрослым с РАС.
A review of the literature is devoted to the problem of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), including in adults. Current ideas about ASD are presented. The place of ASD in modern systematics is shown. The prevalence and manifestations of ASD in the adult population, the characteristics of social adaptation of persons with ASD, psychiatric comorbidity, approaches to diagnosis, differential diagnosis and psychiatric care for adults with ASD are characterized.
Impact of Psychological Barriers on Metabolic Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ерёма А.В. , Марцинкевич А.Ф. , Байкова И.А. , Данилова Л.И. 
Published: June 2022

По нашему мнению, перед началом обучения в Школе сахарного диабета необходимо проводить анализ поведения пациентов с сахарным диабетом (СД) 2-го типа или предиабетом для идентификации индивидуальных барьеров. Работа специалистов и пациентов по улучшению поведения, связанного c диабетом, требует концентрации усилий на определенных изменениях психической сферы пациента. Понимание психологических барьеров, а также выработка успешных приемов по их преодолению позволят уже на первых этапах обучения применить наиболее подходящие интервенции для достижения лучших результатов в формировании поведения, связанного с сахарным диабетом.В данной статье рассматриваются психологические факторы, которые могут негативно влиять на гликемический контроль и адаптацию к жизни пациентов с СД 2-го типа. При анализе психологических барьеров было уделено внимание когнитивным нарушениям (КН), тревожным и депрессивным реакциям, влиянию на качество жизни и остаточные знания, а также мотивации к изменениям поведения, связанного с диабетом.
In our opinion, before starting education at the School of Diabetes Mellitus, it is necessary to analyze the behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes to identify individual barriers. The work of professionals and patients to improve diabetes-related behavior requires a focus on specific mental changes in the patient. Understanding psychological barriers, as well as developing successful techniques to overcome them, allows you to apply the most appropriate interventions in the early stages to achieve the best results in shaping diabetes-related behavior.In this article describes the psychological factors that may adversely affect glycemic control and adapt patients to life with diabetes. In analyzing psychological barriers, attention was paid to cognitive impairment, anxiety and depressive reactions, the impact of quality of life and residual knowledge, and motivation for behavioral changes associated with diabetes.
Factors Associated with the Risk of Addictive Behavior in Patients After Spinal Trauma
Authors: Котова О.А. , Байкова И.А. , Веялкин И.В. 
Published: June 2022

В статье отражен анализ собственных исследований авторами факторов риска развития алкогольной зависимости у пациентов с последствиями спинальной травмы. Для этого был проведен комплексный анализ оценки факторов риска развития алкогольной зависимости, который показал, что группа пациентов с последствиями спинальной травмы с риском алкогольной зависимости характеризуется специфическими особенностями, которые отличают их от пациентов с риском развития алкогольной зависимости без спинальной травмы. В ходе исследования у пациентов с травмой позвоночника и риском развития аддиктивного поведения выявлены психические расстройства – у 77,4%, представлены в форме легкого депрессивного эпизода, посттравматического стрессового расстройства, расстройств адаптации. Кроме того, авторы приходят к выводу, что данную категорию пациентов характеризует наличие ощущения безнадежности, соматического дистресса в сочетании с болевыми симптомами и недифференцированной тревогой.
The article reflects the analysis of the authors’ own research on risk factors for patients with the consequences of spinal injury for alcohol dependence. For this purpose, a comprehensive analysis of the risk factors for alcohol dependence was conducted. It showed that a group of patients with spinal injury consequences and alcohol dependence risk are characterized by specific personal features that distinguish them from patients with a risk of alcohol dependence without spinal injury. During the research, it revealed that 77.4% of patients with spinal injury and the risk of developing addictive behavior have mental disorders and present them in the form of a mild depressive episodes, post- traumatic stress disorders and adaptation disorders. In addition, the authors conclude that patients are characterized by a feeling of hopelessness, somatic distress in combination with pain symptom sand undifferentiated anxiety.
Psychotherapy of Non-effective Coping Strategies of Spouses Coming through Infidelity Crisis
Authors: Кедярова Е.А. , Уварова М.Ю. , Монжиевская В.В. , Монжиевская В.В. , Чернецкая Н.И. 
Published: June 2022

В статье представлено исследование копинг-стратегий супругов, переживающих кризис измены. Супруги, переживающие кризис измены, являются уязвимыми с точки зрения психологического благополучия, поскольку в ситуации измены у них часто актуализируются неэффективные стратегии совладания. Переживание измены не только глубоко затрагивает личность обманутого партнера, но и создает ситуацию, в которой психотерапия становится жизненно важной. Выявлено, что у многих супругов в ситуации кризиса измены отмечается преобладание таких непродуктивных стратегий, как конфронтация, дистанцирование, избегание, а также импульсивные действия. Была реализована психотерапия 40 лицам в ситуации супружеской измены. В ходе психотерапии использовались преимущественно когнитивно-поведенческий и гештальт-подходы. Оценка изменения копинг-стратегий показала, что индивидуальная психотерапия способствовала развитию продуктивных копинг-стратегий. В частности, испытуемые стали в большей мере склонны к проявлению таких особенностей поведения, как самообладание, обращение за поддержкой и поиск внешних (социальных) ресурсов, анализ ситуации и возможных вариантов поведения, планирование собственных действий с учетом объективных условий, прошлого опыта и имеющихся ресурсов, а также стали менее зависимы от внешних влияний и оценок, проявили большую способность самостоятельно регулировать собственное поведение.
The paper presents the research of coping strategies of spouses coming through infidelity crisis. These spouses are vulnerable from the point of psychological well-being because in the situation of discovered infidelity they often show non-effective coping strategies. Cheating and infidelity always touches deep parts of the person who was betrayed, and that can be the beginning of a long family crisis, deep crisis in the couple. That becomes a material for psychotherapy which sometimes can be vital. It was shown that many spouses coming through infidelity crisis are using non-productive coping strategies such as confrontation, social distancing, escapism and also impulsive actions. Psychotherapy was used with 40 clients coming through infidelity crisis. Psychotherapy was realized using cognitive, behavioral and gestalt methods. Coping strategies change assessment had shown that psychological work developed productive coping strategies. For example spouses started to use more often such strategies as self-control, appeal for support, social resources search, analytical strategies, planning strategies that could integrate their new negative experience into their identity. As a result they turned to be more autonomic and responsible for their lives and emotions.