bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chartolepis intermedia Boiss. and Centaurea ruthenica Lam. – New Medicina Plants Containing Pharmacologically Active Compounds
Authors: Mukhametzhanova Gaisha , Asanova Gulzina , Adekenova Gulimzhan S. , Medeubayeva Balzhan , Kishkentayeva Anarkul , Adekenov Sergazy 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Chartolepis intermedia Boiss. and Centaurea ruthenica Lam. are new medicinal plants containing pharmacologically active sesquiterpene lactones grossheimin and cynaropicrin. The article discusses the methods for the isolation of grossheimin and cynaropicrin and presents the results of studying the pharmacological activity of the isolated sesquiterpene lactones. AIM: The aim of this work was chemical, morphological, and anatomical study of Ch. intermedia Boiss. and C. ruthenica Lam., determination of pharmacological activity to substantiate the possibility of using these plants as medicinal raw materials. METHODS: The antitumor activity of grossheimin was studied in white outbred rats and mice in 12 strains of transplanted tumors. The antiparasitic activity of grossheimin and cynaropicrin was studied during replication of models of experimental opisthorchiasis on male golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) of the SPF category. Experiments in vivo were carried out on pastoral dogs infested with various types of helminths. The hypolipidemic activity of grossheimin was studied in experimental rats with a single intragastric administration of ethanol, causing acute hyperlipidemia. The antimicrobial activity of cynarpicrin was determined in relation to test strains of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative strains of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the method of diffusion in agar. RESULTS: Characteristic diagnostic features for Ch. intermedia Boiss. and C. ruthenica Lam. were revealed, which make it possible to diagnose and standardize the medicinal plants under study. Pharmacological studies have shown that grossheimin and cynaropicrin have antitumor, antiparasitic, hypolipidemic, and antimicrobial activity. Grossheimin significantly inhibits the growth of sarcoma 180, Pliss lymphosarcoma, and Ehrlich’s solid tumor. On the model of acute hyperlipidemia caused by the introduction of ethanol, grossheimin had a hypolipidemic effect, reducing the serum levels of triacylglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Under in vitro conditions, grossheimin and cynaropicrin exhibited anthelmintic action against Opisthorchis felineus worms, and under in vivo conditions, cynaropicrin was up to 100% effective against tapeworm infections (Taenia sp.). CONCLUSION: It was determined that the quantitative yield of sesquiterpene lactones is provided by extraction of plant raw materials with an ethanol: water (1:1) mixture under the action of ultrasound. Characteristic diagnostic features for C. intermedia Boiss. and C. ruthenica Lam. were revealed, which make it possible to diagnose and standardize the medicinal plants under study.
Comparison of parental satisfaction with strip crowns and primary anterior zirconia crowns in 3–5 years old children over 1 year
Authors: Sharma Mayank , Khatri Amit , Kalra Namita , Tyagi Rishi 
Published: January 2022

Background:
During the past decade, parental involvement for the selection of full coronal restorations for the primary anterior teeth of their children has been increased. Two most common anterior aesthetic full coronal restorations, the strip crowns and the preformed zirconia crowns, are available options.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to compare parental satisfaction with strip crowns and preformed primary anterior zirconia crowns over 1 year in 3–5 years old children.

Materials and Methods:
Forty maxillary primary incisors were restored by either strip crown or zirconia crown in 24 children. Permuted block randomization method was used for the allocation of participants. Twenty-four parents participated were recalled to fill the questionnaire over 1 year. One parent dropped out at the end of 1 year. Data were analyzed using the t-test and Chi-square test. P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:
Parents were satisfied with both types of restorations. Statistically significant relationship was found between overall satisfaction and durability (P = 0.004) with strip crowns and with the color (P = 0.043) in the zirconia crowns. The parents with the lower satisfaction levels with the durability of strip crowns and color of zirconia crowns rated high overall satisfaction.

Conclusion:
Parental overall satisfaction was higher for preformed primary anterior zirconia crowns than strip crowns. Almost equal number of parents was satisfied with all other parameters except for durability, which was more for zirconia crowns.
Oral health status for primary dentition – A pilot study
Authors: Gandhi Janvi Manish , Gurunathan Deepa , Doraikannan Srisakthi , Balasubramaniam Arthi 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Formulating an oral health status which will include oral hygiene index (OHI) exclusively for children, deft index, and the incidence of white spot lesions (WSL) will make it easier for the examiner to assess the current oral health status of a child and help in planning preventive strategies. This index will provide a comprehensive yet quick way to assess the oral health status of children as it includes past caries experience, present oral hygiene status, and future prediction of caries.

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred children (100 male, 100 female) aged 3–5 years (primary dentition) were included in this study. OHI, recorded index tooth wise and segment wise, deft index, and the WSLs classification were recorded in all the children. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of recording OHI in children index tooth wise and segment wise.

Results:
All the three indices were recorded for the 200 subjects, and based on the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics, it was found that the OHI for primary dentition can be recorded tooth wise or segment wise. Index teeth chosen for primary dentition were labial surfaces of 54, 61, and 64, lingual surfaces of 82, 75, and 85.

Conclusion:
It includes the past caries experience, present hygiene status, and the future prediction of caries, making it a wholesome index. This cumulative index can be widely used in studies of epidemiology and ensure quicker evaluation during dental health programs in public school systems.
Morphological Variations of the Condylar Head among Children Aged 4–15 Years
Authors: Hegde Rahul , Shigli Anand , Gawali Pritesh , Krishnan Aishwarya , Jadhav Geetanjali , Raheja Soniya 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Growth and development of dentocraniofacial complex occurs during various stage of development of dentition with TMJ as one of its centres of growth. The condition of temporomandibular joint can be visible from its condylar head form; therefore, it is crucial to recognize the normal morphology of condylar head during different stages of development of dentition.

Aims:
The aim of the study is to view the morphological appearance of condylar head during primary dentition, mixed dentition and permenant dentition.

Subject and Methods:
400 panoramic images of 194 boys and 296 girls were collected and were divided into three groups bases on the stage of dentition. Shape of the condylar head were determined by tracing the print out of the panoramic image on an X ray viewer.

Results:
The study showed that during primary dentition stage shape of the conylar head was dominated by round shape and as growth and development occurs the condylar head shape changes to convex.

Conclusion:
The study describes the normal morphology of mandibular condyles in a child population attending The dentition status as well as growth of craniofacial has a significant role in determining condylar morphology.
Impact of fluoride-releasing orthodontic adhesives on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to eroded enamel following different surface treatment protocols
Authors: Althagafi Nebras Mohammed 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE:
To assess the impact of enamel surface treatment protocols and the types of adhesive materials on the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets to eroded enamel substrate.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Eighty extracted premolars were randomly assigned to four main groups in which group C (no treatment) was the control group. The remaining groups were exposed to an erosion challenge through short-term acidic exposure to HCl solution (0.01 M, pH 2.3) for 30 s, with an agitation speed of 50 rpm at an environmental temperature of 25°C. The eroded enamel surface within each group was treated as follows: group N received no treatment; in group P, the eroded enamel was treated with 35% phosphoric acid (Ultradent Products, South Jordan, UT, USA) for 15 s, followed by a rinse for 10 s; and in group F, the eroded enamel was treated with fluoride gel (Bifluorid 12; Voco-GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) for 4 min. The brackets were bonded with either a resin composite adhesive (Transbond XT; light-cure adhesive, 3M Unitek, CA, USA) or resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji Ortho LC-GC Corporation, Japan). The specimens were tested for SBS, and the bond failure was assessed according to the adhesive remnant index (ARI). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc tests (P < 0.05) were used to compare the SBS of the groups. The ARI values between the groups were recorded.

RESULTS:
Statistically significant differences were found among the tested variables (P < 0.05). Group P showed the highest mean SBS values regardless of the type of adhesive used, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The application of the fluoride gel showed no statistically significant improvement in SBS values. The failure mode distribution among the test groups indicated that failures at the adhesive–bracket interface were predominant in group C compared with the other study groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
Fluoride pretreatment, which was used to remineralize the eroded enamel surfaces before bonding, resulted in a decrease in the SBS of the orthodontic brackets in vitro compared with the other treated groups. The use of fluoride-releasing adhesive also enhances bonding to the eroded enamel surfaces.
Effects of Mobile Phone Texting on Postural Control and Gait Parameters in College Students
Authors: Kulkarni Neha , Patel Pooja , Joshi Reema , Gazbare Preeti 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Mobile phone has become a part of everyday life. Mobile phone texting is one of the major causes of road traffic accidents, falls and injuries in young adults. Dual-task activities while using mobile phone increases the risk of falls.

Objectives:
To find out the changes in postural control and gait parameters while using mobile phone in young college students.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 100 college students of age 18–25 years participated in the study. NeuroCom Balance Master was used and the subjects were tested with and without phone. The participants had to maintain balance on firm surface and foam surfaces with and without phone. For walking, participants had to walk without phone followed by walking with phone. Outcome measures used were Modified Clinical test for Sensory Interaction on balance and Walk Across for balance and gait respectively.

Results:
The study showed statistically significant changes in postural control on firm and foam surfaces. Furthermore, the gait parameters such as step length, speed and step length symmetry were altered significantly, except step width while using the mobile phone.

Conclusion:
Subjects showed increased postural sway, step length and step length symmetry while the step width and speed decreased on using the mobile phone.
Interim Analysis Report of Kuanxiong Aerosol in Improving Angina and Quality of Life after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Lin Luo-Qi , Wu Bing-Xin , Lin Miao-Yang , Chen Qiu-Xiong , Xu Dan-Ping 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
The objective is to observe the effect of Kuanxiong aerosol (KXA) on angina and the quality of life of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Materials and Methods:
Six hundred patients with angina after PCI (AAP) were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group (n = 300 in each group) and received basic treatment with KXA or basic treatment (respectively) for 8 weeks. The Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) and visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the two groups during the screening period and five follow-up periods were compared.

Results:
A total of 179 patients were included in this interim report, including 85 in the experimental group and 94 in the control group. Among the five-dimensional scores of the SAQ, the improvement in the angina frequency and quality of life scores in the experimental group was better than those in the control group after treatment (P < 0.01), and the difference in scores of the remaining dimensions was not statistically significant (P > 0.01). The difference in VAS scores between the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.01). No obvious adverse reactions were observed between the two groups.

Conclusions:
KXA can reduce the frequency of AAP and improve patients’ quality of life.
Molecular detection of Herpes Simplex Virus-2 gpG gene among People of different health status in parts of Katsina State
Authors: Hayatudeen M.R , Aminu M 
Published: January 2022

Although herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been detected in the blood of immune compromised patients and in those with disseminated disease, the extent to which the virus may be present in the blood during a localized infection is still unknown. Literature on patterns of HSV-2 shedding at the prodromal stage of the disease during recurrences and also during asymptomatic periods is still lacking. The present study aimed at the detection of HSV-2 gpG gene in the serum during current acute herpes genitalis using a highly sensitive technique, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study included 24 people with different health status that included pregnant women, HIV positive patients, feverish patients and healthy individuals.Using PCR, HSV-2 gpG gene were detected in the plasma of 5 pregnant women (83.3%) and one HIV positive patient (16.7%). Analysis by Chi-square indicated there were a good statistical significant difference between the presence of HSV-2 DNA among the respondents included in this study (P<0.05). Patient’s age, and gender had no statistically significant effect on the presence of the HSV-2 DNA in the plasma. It is concluded that HSV-2 viremia exist during primary exposure to thevirus and recommended avoidance of blood transfusion during acute attacks of herpes genitalis.
Keywords: DNA; Genitalis; Herpes simplex; PCR; Plasma; Viremia.
Public Health Challenges of Restorative Dental Practice in Low Resource Settings during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: MENAKAYA Ifeoma Nkiruka , MENAKAYA Nnamdi Chuks 
Published: January 2022

Background: COVID-19 remains a major public health threat globally, and has challenged healthcare systems and services including oral health
Objective: This study examines the key public health challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in low resource settings. While healthcare services are learning to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, dental care services, in particular restorative dental practice have been adversely impacted because of the closeness of caregivers to the patient’s mouth as well as the generation of aerosols during most restorative procedures. This presents a challenge for low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Nigeria where weak and poor governance structures characterize healthcare systems in addition to paucity of economic resources. Another challenge in the form of COVID-19 conspiracy theories has threatened to undermine public health efforts designed to control the pandemic.
Conclusion: The implementation of optimal guidelines and safety protocols for effective COVID -19 infection prevention and control is a major challenge for restorative dental care practice in low resource settings owing to paucity of key material resources and inappropriate behaviour associated with lingering doubts about COVID-19 reality among the majority of the populace. The Safer Aerosol-Free Emergent Dentistry concept offers a viable practical approach for restorative dental practice in LMICs during and in the post COVID-19 pandemic era. There is a need to deploy all resources, human and material, in the education and enlightenment of the populace regarding the reality of COVID-19.
, COVID-19 pandemic
Aetiology and presentation pattern of mandibular fractures at the State Dental Hospital in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Authors: OGBEZODE Mathew Ekhaleafo , OROMAKINDE Emmanuel Akinwumi , NGENE Faith Nonyelum , SULEIMAN Ibrahim Kayode , IDRIS Kabiru 
Published: January 2022

Background: The mandible is the biggest and the main bone occupying the lower third of the face, and it is prone to fracture because of its prominence. Fracture of the mandible is more common in some major parts such as, the angle, the canine region, and the condylar neck due to its weakness in those regions.
Objective: To analyse the aetiology and presentation pattern of mandibular fractures at the State Dental Hospital in Maiduguri
Methods: This was a retrospective-prospective descriptive study approved by the Ethical Review Board of Borno State Ministry of Health. A total number of 956 facial fracture cases, which included both old cases retrieved from the record book and new cases seen during the period under review, was recorded. Out of this total, 252 mandibular fracture cases were seen during the seven-year period at the State Dental Hospital in Maiduguri. The patients seen were examined clinically and radiographically by a team of three independent dental surgeons after calibration was done by a consultant oral and maxillofacial surgeon. All patients and cases included in the study were properly briefed and informed consent taken prior to carrying out the study.
Results: A total of 956 facial fractures were recorded: 252 cases were mandibular fractures, accounting for a prevalence 26.4%. Males accounted for 76.2% and females 23.8% with a male to female ratio of 3.2:1. Age range was 11-60yrs with a mean age of 27.7yrs. Those aged 21-30yrs showed the highest level of distribution in the sampled cases, and most of the fractures occurred on weekends, especially Friday which accounted for 34.4% of cases. The major aetiology of most fracture is road traffic accident in 122(48.8%) cases and the body (44.8%) of the mandible was noted as the most commonly affected site.
Conclusion: Although road traffic accident appeared to be the major aetiology of mandibular fracture in this study, a substantial part of assault related causes are due to blast related injuries to the mandible. The age distribution, sex, location and treatment modalities still remain the same.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Guru dalam Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Melalui Teknik Supervisi Kunjungan Kelas pada Pembelajaran Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Guru
Authors: Evriza Evriza 
Published: January 2022

Rendahnya kualitas sumber daya manusia khususnya tenaga pendidik/guru merupakan salah satu masalah utama dalam dunia pendidikan. Seperti kenyatan yang terjadi di SMK Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu khususnya penggunaan media dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di tahun yang lalu berdasarkan hasil supervisi kepala sekolah pada 40 orang guru ditemukan data bahwa dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran guru tidak menggunakan media. Guru lebih banyak menjelaskan materi padahal materi tersebut dapat diperjelas dengan media yang dengan mudah didapat baik media yang tersedia di sekolah maupun di sekitar sekolah. Dari 40 orang guru di SMK Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu hanya 10 orang (25%) yang sudah menggunakan media dalam kegiatan pembelajaran sedangkan 30 orang (75%) lainnya masih tidak menggunakan media. Melalui kunjungan antar kelas ini diharapkan guru akan memperoleh pengalaman baru dari teman sejawatnya yang lebih profesional. Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) dengan subyek guru SMK Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu berjumlah 40 orang. Pada setiap siklus terdapat kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi. Data observasi dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran dimana pada siklus 1 pertemuan 1 adalah 60% dengan kategori cukup, meningkat pada pertemuan 2 menjadi 67% dengan kategori baik. Pada siklus 1I pertemuan 1 meningkat menjadi 75% dengan kategori baik dan terjadi lagi peningkatan pada pertemuan 2 menjadi 85% dengan kategori sangat baik. Pelaksanaan supervisi dengan teknik kunjungan antar kelas pada siklus I pertemuan 1 adalah 64% dengan kategori baik meningkat menjadi 76% dengan kategori baik pada pertemuan 2, Pada siklus 2 pertemuan 1 meningkat lagi menjadi 81% dengan kategori sangat baik dan pada pertemuan 2 menjadi 88% dengan kategori sangat baik
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Work From Home untuk Menilai Kinerja Karyawan Astra Credit Companies Bekasi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Immanuel Julio 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tentang faktor-faktor bekerja dari rumah (Work From Home) untuk menilai kinerja karyawan selama pandemi COVID-19 pada Perusahaan finance. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini narasumber yang digunakan sebanyak 5 orang karyawan Astra Credit Companies (ACC). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah work from home membuat karyawan lebih fleksibel dalam melakukan pekerjaannya serta dapat memberikan solusi untuk menghemat biaya operasional serta membatasi penyebaran Virus Covid-19 melalui Social Distancing