bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved SARS-CoV-2 neutralization of Delta and Omicron variants of concern after fourth vaccination in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Cheng Cho-Chin , Platen Louise , Christa Catharina , Tellenbach Myriam , Kappler Verena , Bester Romina , Liao Bo-Hung , Holzmann-Littig Christopher , Werz Maia , Schönhals Emely , Platen Eva , Eggerer Peter , Tréguer Laëtitia , Küchle Claudius , Schmaderer Christoph , Heemann Uwe , Renders Lutz , Protzer Ulrike , Braunisch Matthias Christoph 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHemodialysis patients are exposed to a markedly increased risk when infected with SARS-CoV-2. To date it is unclear if hemodialysis patients benefit from a fourth vaccination.MethodsA total of 142 hemodialysis patients (median age 72.6 years, 33.8% female) received four COVID-19 vaccinations between December 2020 and March 2022. RDB binding antibody titers were determined in a competitive surrogate neutralization assay. Vero-E6 cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoC) Delta (B.1.617.2) or Omicron (B.1.1.529, sub lineage BA.1) in a biosafety level 3 laboratory to determine serum infection neutralization capacity before and after vaccination.ResultsAfter the fourth vaccination serum infection neutralization capacity significantly increased from a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50, serum dilution factor 1:x) of 247.0 (46.3-1560.8) to 2560.0 (1174.0-2560.0) for the Delta VoC, and from 37.5 (20.0-198.8) to 668.5 (182.2-2560.0) for the Omicron VoC (each p<0.001). A significant increase of the neutralization capacity was even observed for patients who had high antibody titers after three vaccinations (p<0.001). Univariate regression analysis indicated immunosuppressive medication (p=0.001) and hepatitis B vaccination non-response (p=0.046), and multivariate analysis immunosuppressive medication as the only factor associated with a reduced effect against Delta (p<0.001). Ten patients with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection before the fourth vaccination had by trend lower prior neutralization capacity for Omicron (p=0.051).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that hemodialysis patients benefit from a fourth vaccination in particular in the light of the highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. A routinely applied four-time vaccination seems to broaden immunity against variants and would be recommended in hemodialysis patients.
Nonlinear parametric simulation by proper generalized decomposition on the example of a synchronous machine
Authors: Müller Fabian , Baumanns Paul , Nell Martin Marco , Hameyer Kay 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The accurate simulation of electrical machines involves a large number of degrees of freedom. Particularly, if additional parameters such as remanence variations or different operating points have to be analyzed, the computational effort increases fast, known as the “curse of dimensionality.” The purpose of this study is to cope with this effort with the parametric proper generalized decomposition (PGD) as a model order reduction (MOR) technique. It is combined with the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) and adapted to study characteristic electrical machine parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
The PGD is an a priori MOR technique. The technique is adapted to incorporate several additional parameters, such as the current excitation or permanent magnet remanence, to overcome the increasing computational effort of parametric studies. Further, it is combined with the DEIM to approximate the nonlinearity of the flux guiding material.

Findings
The parametric version of the PGD in combination with the DEIM is a suitable numerical approach to reduce computational effort of parametric studies, while considering nonlinear materials. The computational reduction is related to the influence of the different parameter variations on the field and on the number of parameters.

Originality/value
The extension of the PGD by several parameters associated with parametric studies of electrical machines enables to cope with the “curse of dimensionality.” The parametric PGD and the standard PGD–DEIM have been individually used to study different problems. The combination of both techniques, the parametric PGD and the DEIM, for nonlinear parametric studies of electrical machines represents the scientific contribution of this research.
A decade of grey systems: theory and application – bibliometric overview and future research directions
Authors: Prakash Surya , Agrawal Anubhav , Singh Ranbir , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Zindani Divya 
Published: June 2022

PurposeGrey Systems: Theory and Application (GSTA) journal started publication in 2011 and completed a decade in 2021. The purpose of this study is to provide a detailed bibliometric analysis of the articles published in GSTA and their content primary trends and themes.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses the Web of Science (WoS) database to analyze the content of published articles. A range of bibliometric analyses and indicators are applied to analyze the GSTA article content using science mapping tools of the Bibliometrix package in the R environment.FindingsThe GSTA publishes around 28 articles each year with citations of this work steadily growing over time. The impact of these publications is measured as total mean citations which increased from 0 to 11. The journal has attracted contributors from around the globe, most often affiliated with China, India and Europe. Thematic evolution of the journal's themes reveals that it has expanded its scope to include topics such as relational analysis, decision making, incidence analysis, and forecasting, hybrid grey-fuzzy or grey-rough modeling, etc.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is majorly based on GSTA data available on the WoS database.Originality/valueThis study provides the first overview of GSTA's publication and citation trends as well as the evolution of its thematic structure. It also suggests future directions that the journal might take to strengthen its position.
A time to gather stones – barriers to use technologies before the COVID-19 school closures
Authors: Kapuza Anastasiia , Kolygina Daria , Khavenson Tatiana , Koroleva Diana 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe study examines how teachers and school administrative staff perceive external and internal barriers to the implementation of technologies into the teaching process and how teachers and school administrative staff technology readiness is related to these perceptions. These data were used for discussion and construction of an explanatory model.Design/methodology/approachThe data from 8,188 Russian respondents who took the survey just before the first massive lockdown announcement due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) was used. First, descriptive statistics were shown for two groups: teachers and administrative staff. Second, confirmatory factor analysis was applied to construct external and internal barriers scales. These scales were then used as dependent in a series of regressions with the technology readiness index (TRI) and the respondent role in schools as independent variables.FindingsResults showed that administrative staff compared to teachers were more likely to select internal barriers related to teachers, while teachers were more likely to choose external obstacles. The technology optimism scale was negative, and negative attitudes toward technologies were positively related to both barriers.Originality/valueThe originality of the study lies in determining the relationship between the technology readiness and choosing barriers perception as well as comparing the sense of responsibility for the introduction of technologies in schools experienced by teachers and administrators.
Social Welfare Provision at the Imperial Edge: Single Mothers and Abandoned Children in the Late Russian Empire
Authors: Hearne Siobhán 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article looks to the societal and imperial margins to examine attitudes towards social welfare provision in the final decades of the Russian Empire. Drawing on archival material from the Empire's Estliand province (now northern Estonia), the article focuses on the self‐representation of single mothers and official discussions of abandoned children. Society was in flux in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as rapid industrialisation, urbanisation and rural‐to‐urban migration served to undermine traditional social structures, mentalities and identities. These changes were accompanied by the disruption of the traditional patriarchal gender order, as well shifting ideas about who ought to be responsible for taking care of vulnerable groups. In rural Estliand, Estonian‐speaking unmarried women sought engagement with Russian imperial judicial structures to secure child maintenance. In the early 1900s, anxieties about the social impacts of rapid urbanisation and industrialisation and the development of new currents in philanthropy, meant that care for foundlings and abandoned children became a burning issue in the minds of Estliand's provincial officials. Examining single mothers and child abandonment in Estliand illuminates tensions between empire‐wide and local mechanisms for dealing with social issues, as well as shifting attitudes to gender, the family and charity in light of urbanisation and modernisation.
Validation of reduced volume VeriFiler™ Express PCR Amplification Kit for buccal swab samples extracted using Prep‐n‐Go™ Buffer
Authors: Perry Jessica , Munshi Tasnim , Haizel Thomas , Iyavoo Sasitaran 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe efficiency of reduced volume PCR amplification was studied using the VeriFiler™ Express PCR Amplification Kit. Full (25 μL) and reduced (5 μL) volumes were tested in parallel to identify any differences in template DNA sensitivity and other electropherogram parameters. Both volumes produced full DNA profiles down to 0.08 ng/μL DNA concentration at 26 PCR cycles; however, reduced volume produced higher peak heights due to increased signal intensities. Significant difference (p‐value ≤ 0.05) in heterozygote peak height ratios was observed between both volumes, where the reduced volume threshold was lowered to 0.6 to accommodate all data points. However, no significant difference (p‐value > 0.05) was identified in the stutter ratios between both volumes. The analytical threshold for reduced volume was also determined to be 150 RFU with the presence of template DNA in PCR amplification. When the optimized reduced volume parameters were tested on DNA extracted from buccal swab samples using Prep‐n‐Go™ Buffer, good quality DNA profiles were produced. Overall, the reduced volume not only showed better results compared to the full volume, but also enable more samples to be processed with a PCR amplification kit, thus reduced the cost.
Protective effect of active components of Eucommia ulmoides leaves on gastric ulcers in rats: Involvement of the PI3K/Akt/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Gong Man , Li Qiufang , Guo Hui , Cui Bingdi , Liu Yalin , Wang Ping , Zhu Huiyu , Liu Xiaoqian , Dai Liping , Wang Zhimin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEucommia ulmoides leaves are widely developed as food and medicines in China and Japan. Its main components have anti‐inflammatory properties against gastric ulcers. The purpose of this study was to assess the protective role of an extract derived from the active components of Eucommia ulmoides leaves (EUL 50) against a gastric ulcer and analyze the underlying antiulcer mechanism. The main components of EUL 50 were identified using an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were performed to predict the possible mechanism of action of EUL 50 in the treatment of gastric ulcers. The rats received EUL 50 intragastric administration twice a day for 3 days. Hydrochloric acid/ethanol (HCl/EtOH) was utilized to induce gastric ulcers, followed by histopathological and histochemical evaluation of the ulcer tissues and determination of the main oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory cytokines. The expression of PI3K/Akt/NF‐κB pathway‐related proteins was measured. Neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and so on were identified as the major components of EUL 50 by UPLC. The prediction results identified the PI3K/Akt/NF‐κB signaling pathway as the main possible protective mechanism against gastric ulcers. Furthermore, in a dose‐dependent manner, EUL 50 reduced gastric tissue damage. In addition, the high dose of EUL 50 administration resulted in remarkable reductions in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) by 22.64%, 42.61%, 57.78%, and 56.51%, respectively, and suppression of the phosphorylation of Akt, p65, IKKα, and IκBα by 60.87%, 67.65, 74.58%, and 59.57%, respectively, and increased the antioxidant enzyme activity. EUL 50 is rich in flavonoids and organic acids that can act on the PI3K/Akt/NF‐κB signaling pathway; as a result, oxidative stress and inflammation are considerably reduced, and gastric ulcers caused by HCl/EtOH are reduced.Practical ApplicationAs a medicinal and food substance, Eucommia ulmoides leaves are widely used in the development of health products. EUL 50, a moderately polar part of E. ulmoides leaves, was obtained by extraction and enrichment and was found to have a better protective effect against HCl/EtOH‐induced gastric ulcers. This finding can enrich the traditional application of E. ulmoides leaves and provide a basis for their health product development.
Synchronous occurrence of different polyp types during colonoscopy
Authors: Sonnenberg Amnon , Genta Robert M. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryBackground and AimsThe general probabilities of finding different types of hyperplastic or neoplastic colon lesions clustering in the same patient are unknown. We hypothesised that a systematic analysis of polyp clustering would reveal a high frequency of different concurrent types and that such clustering would be influenced by the underlying histopathology of the individual polyps.MethodsUsing an electronic database of histopathologic records, a cross‐sectional study of 2,910,174 colonoscopies evaluated the concordant occurrence of hyperplastic and neoplastic mucosal lesions.ResultsAmongst patients harbouring any colon polyp, one can expect to find another histopathologic type in about 22%. Being the most prevalent type of polyp, tubular adenoma was the most common type of colonic polyp to be associated with other lesions. For instance, 31% of all colonoscopies with sessile serrated adenomas or hyperplastic polyps also revealed tubular adenomas. Hyperplastic polyp, the second most prevalent type of colonic polyp, was also the second most common type of polyp to be found associated with other types of neoplasia. For instance, 25% of all colonoscopies with sessile serrated adenomas and 31% of those with tubular adenomas also revealed hyperplastic polyps.ConclusionsDifferent types of colon polyps commonly coincide in individual patients. The present set of data from a large nationwide database may provide guidance for the endoscopist of what variety in colon polyps to expect during colonoscopy.
α and β catalytic subunits of cAMP‐dependent protein kinase regulate formoterol‐induced inflammatory gene expression changes in human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Hamed Omar , Joshi Radhika , Mostafa Mahmoud M. , Giembycz Mark A. 
Published: June 2022

Background and PurposeIt has been proposed that genomic mechanisms contribute to adverse effects often experienced by asthmatic subjects who take regular, inhaled β2‐adrenoceptor agonists as a monotherapy. Moreover, data from preclinical models of asthma suggest that these gene expression changes are mediated by β‐arrestin‐2 rather than PKA. Herein, we tested this hypothesis by comparing the genomic effects of formoterol, a β2‐adrenoceptor agonist, with forskolin in human primary bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC).Experimental ApproachGene expression changes were determined by RNA‐sequencing. Gene silencing and genome editing were employed to explore the roles of β‐arrestin‐2 and PKA.Key ResultsThe formoterol‐regulated transcriptome in HBEC treated concurrently with TNFα was defined by 1480 unique gene expression changes. TNFα‐induced transcripts modulated by formoterol were annotated with enriched gene ontology terms related to inflammation and proliferation, notably “GO:0070374~positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade,” which is an apparent β‐arrestin‐2 target. However, expression of the formoterol‐ and forskolin‐regulated transcriptomes were highly rank‐order correlated and the effects of formoterol on TNFα‐induced inflammatory genes were abolished by an inhibitor of PKA. Furthermore, formoterol‐induced gene expression changes in BEAS‐2B bronchial epithelial cell clones deficient in β‐arrestin‐2 were comparable with those expressed by their parental counterparts. Contrariwise, gene expression was partially inhibited in clones lacking the α‐catalytic subunit (Cα) of PKA and abolished following the additional knockdown of the β‐catalytic subunit (Cβ) paralogue.ConclusionsThe effects of formoterol on inflammatory gene expression in airway epithelia are mediated by PKA and involve the cooperation of PKA‐Cα and PKA‐Cβ.
Knickpoint morphotectonics of the Middle Shire River basin: Implications for the evolution of rift interaction zones
Authors: Dulanya Zuze , Gallen Sean F. , Kolawole Folarin , Williams Jack N. , Wedmore Luke N. J. , Biggs Juliet , Fagereng Åke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTectonic and paleo‐environmental reconstructions of rift evolution typically rely on the interpretation of sedimentary sequences, but this is rarely possible in early‐stage rifts where sediment volumes are low. To overcome this challenge, we use geomorphology to investigate landscape evolution and the role of different forcing mechanisms during basin development. Here, we focus on the humid Middle Shire River basin, located within the zone of progressive interaction and linkage between the southern Malawi Rift and Shire Rift Zone, East Africa. We used a digital elevation model to map knickpoints and knickpoint morphologies in the Middle Shire River basin and examined the relationships with pre‐rift and syn‐rift structures within the rift interaction zone. The main axial stream, Shire River, descends steeply, 372 m over a 50 km distance, across exposed metamorphic basement along the rift floor, exhibiting a strongly disequilibrated longitudinal elevation profile with both ‘mobile’ and ‘fixed’ knickpoints. In particular, we identify two clusters of mobile knickpoints, which we interpret as associated with baselevel fall events at the downstream end of the exposed basement that triggered knickpoint migration through the fluvial network since at least the Mid. Pleistocene. We infer that after the integration of the axial stream across the Middle Shire Basin, the knickpoints migrate upstream in response to fault‐related subsidence in the Shire Rift Zone. Conversely, the fixed knickpoints are interpreted to reflect local differential bedrock erodibility at lithologic contacts or basement‐hosted fault scarps along the basin floor. The results suggest that Middle Shire basin opening, associated with rift linkage, is likely a recent event (at least Mid. Pleistocene) relative to the Late Oligocene activation of Cenozoic rifting in the East African Rift's Western Branch. These findings support the hypothesis that the Western Branch developed from the gradual propagation, linkage and coalescence of initially nucleated distinct rift basins.
What Could Go Wrong: Adults and Children Calibrate Predictions and Explanations of Others' Actions Based on Relative Reward and Danger
Authors: Gjata Nensi N. , Ullman Tomer D. , Spelke Elizabeth S. , Liu Shari 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhen human adults make decisions (e.g., wearing a seat belt), we often consider the negative consequences that would ensue if our actions were to fail, even if we have never experienced such a failure. Do the same considerations guide our understanding of other people's decisions? In this paper, we investigated whether adults, who have many years of experience making such decisions, and 6‐ and 7‐year‐old children, who have less experience and are demonstrably worse at judging the consequences of their own actions, conceive others' actions as motivated both by reward (how good reaching one's intended goal would be), and by what we call “danger” (how badly one's action could end). In two pre‐registered experiments, we tested whether adults and 6‐ and 7‐year‐old children tailor their predictions and explanations of an agent's action choices to the specific degree of danger and reward entailed by each action. Across four different tasks, we found that children and adults expected others to negatively appraise dangerous situations and minimize the danger of their actions. Children's and adults' judgments varied systematically in accord with both the degree of danger the agent faced and the value the agent placed on the goal state it aimed to achieve. However, children did not calibrate their inferences about how much an agent valued the goal state of a successful action in accord with the degree of danger the action entailed, and adults calibrated these inferences more weakly than inferences concerning the agent's future action choices. These results suggest that from childhood, people use a degree of danger and reward to make quantitative, fine‐grained explanations and predictions about other people's behavior, consistent with computational models on theory of mind that contain continuous representations of other agents' action plans.