bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and In-Vitro Evaluation of Itraconazole Loaded Nanoemulsion
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Kumar Ajay , Soni Abhishek , Devi Jyoti 
Published: May 2022

Nanoemulsions are one of the major popular formulation systems in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical fields. Nanoemulsions are generally composed of a dispersed oil phase within a continuous aqueous phase. Itraconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat a number of fungal infections. It is in the triazole family of medications. Itraconazole, antifungal agent has poor bioavailability due to low aqueos solubility. In this research preformulation study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis studies was conducted for studying the compatibility. In preparation of Itraconazole loaded nanoemulsions from the ternary phase diagram ratio of surfactant to co-surfactant (Smix) was optimized with broad area. Optimized surfactant and co surfactant are accurately weighed and then vortexed for 5-10 min for Smix preparation. Particle size and value of PDI was found to be 159.21nm and zeta potential demonstrated the stability of prepared nanoparticles was found to be -15.9mv .Transmission electron microscope indicated a homogeneous distribution of small, spherical optimized Itraconazole loaded nanoemulsion formulation. These studies were aimed to improve the oral bioavailability of Itraconazole through nanoemulsions.
Keywords: Nanoemulsion, Itraconazole, Surfactant, cosurfactant, Nanoparticles
Α-Asarone Protects CCL4 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Experimental Rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and cytokines
Authors: Tathe Prafulla R. , Jat Rakesh Kumar , Pathan Amjadkhan , Biyani Kailas 
Published: May 2022

The present study aimed to study the protective effect of alpha- Asarone in CCL4-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups each containing six rats. CCL4 was given at a dosage of 0.5 mL/kg to produce hepatotoxicity, and serum AST, ALT, total bilirubin, and albumin, as well as hepatic hydroxyproline (HP), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA), cytokines, and NO, were assessed. CCL4 treatment resulted in a decrease in body weight and an increase in liver weight in rats, while treatment with α- Asarone resulted in normal body and liver weight. Serum AST, ALT, total bilirubin, HP, GSH, MDA, and cytokines were increased in CCL4 treated rats. α- Asarone-treated rats showed a reduction in oxidative stress as well as inhibited the release of cytokines in dose dependent manner and showed protection against hepatotoxicity. From the study, we conclude that, α- Asarone has a protective effect against the hepatotoxicity induced by CCL4.
Keywords: CCL4; Hepatotoxicity; ALT; oxidative stress; α- Asarone; Cytokine.
Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Eriocitrin: A Review
Authors: Rustam Muhanifa , Ifora Ifora , Fauziah Fitra 
Published: May 2022

Background: Inflammation is a natural reaction that the body has when exposed to physical damage. Inflammation in numerous organs implies atherosclerosis, diabetes, dermatitis, arthritis, obesity, and cancer. The review's objective was to summarize the currently known eriocitrin's anti-inflammatory effects. Methods: A review was conducted on a study of the anti-inflammatory effects of eriocitrin conducted from January 2010 to April 2021. Results: Based on eligibility criteria, six studies were included in this study consisting of in vitro and in vivo studies. Some pharmacological studies have suggested that eriocitrin has the potential to treat diseases involving inflammatory responses. Nitric Oxide (NO), IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, NF-κB, MPO, MAPK, and MMP-9 secretion were reduced by eriocitrin, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but increases the content of IL-10, Nrf2, DUSP14, HO-1, and NQ01. Conclusions: Eriocitrin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
Keywords: eriocitrin; flavonoids; inflammation
Transient Cortical Blindness, a Rare Complication During Cerebral Digital Subtraction Angiography: A Case Report and Literature review
Authors: Sarkodie Benjamin , Jimah Bashiru , Anim Dorothea , Brakohiapa Edmund , Jackson Emmanuel 
Published: May 2022

Transient cortical blindness (TCB) is a rare cerebral angiography
complication with unknown etiology. A patient with a wide-neck cavernous
aneurysm developed TCB. Vision restored spontaneously one hour after
angiography, with no lasting neurological deficit. Three hours after the
incident, MRI indicated no abnormalities.
Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of MSCs-derived Exosomes for Treatment of Resistant Perianal Fistula in IBD patients; Clinical Trial Phase I
Authors: Nazari Hojjatollah , Heirani Asieh , Soleimani Masoud , Asbagh Reza Akbari , behboudi behnam , Fazeli Mohammad Sadegh , Rahimi Mojgan , Keramati Mohammad Reza , Keshvari Amir , Kazemeini Alireza , Alborzi Foroogh , tafti seyed mohsen ahmadi 
Published: May 2022

Background and objectives:

Exosomes therapy is a promising technique that can decrease the concern
related to the fate of transplanted stem cells to the fistula location.
The unique properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes
can improve fistula healing because of their high ability to regulate
and modify immune responses. This project aims to examine the safety and
efficacy of implementing MSCs-exosomes in treating refractory fistulas
in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.
Methods:
The exosomes were isolated from umbilical cord-derived MSCs and
characterized using flow cytometry, western blotting, and transmittance
electron microscope (TEM). Five patients (three men and two women) with
refractory perianal Crohn’s disease with an average age of 35.4 years
old were included. The patients did not match the exclusion criteria,
and the presence of refractory fistulas was the main inclusion criteria.
These patients have their exosomes injections in the operation room. The
therapy responses of patients were assessed using physical examination,
face-to-face interviews, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) six months later.
Result:
The Following injection, patients reported a 70% improvement on
average. Two patients claimed complete healing after exosome injections,
while one patient reported no improvement and active discharge from the
fistula site. In addition, five patients reported no adverse effects,
both systemic or on the injection site.
Conclusion: Injection of exosomes extracted from MSCs shows
total safety and a satisfactory therapeutic impact, as shown in this and
other research, and could play a significant role in the treatment of
gastrointestinal fistulas in the future.
Humidity during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation compared to intermittent positive pressure ventilation in extremely preterm neonates: an in-vitro and in-vivo observational study.
Authors: Danan Claude , Tauzin Manon , Jung Camille , Durrmeyer Xavier , Caeymaex Laurence , Treussart Charles , Decobert Fabrice , Louis Bruno 
Published: May 2022

Background: Inappropriate humidification of inspired gas during
mechanical ventilation can impair lung development in extremely low
birthweight (ELBW) infants. Humidification depends on multiple factors,
such as the heater-humidifier device used, type of ventilation, and
environmental factors. Few studies have examined inspired gas
humidification in these infants, especially during high-frequency
oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). Our objective was to compare humidity
during HFOV and intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), in
vitro and in vivo. Methods: In-vitro and in-vivo studies used
the same ventilator during both HFOV and IPPV. The bench study used a
neonatal test lung and 2 heater-humidifiers with their specific
circuits; the in-vivo study prospectively included preterm infants born
before 28 weeks of gestation. Results: On bench testing, mean
absolute (AH) and relative (RH) humidity values were significantly lower
during HFOV than IPPV (RH = 79.4% ± 8.1% vs 89.0% ± 6.2%,
P<0.001). Regardless of the ventilatory mode, mean relative
humidity significantly differed between the 2 heater-humidifiers (89.6%
± 6.7% vs 78.7% ± 6.8%, P=0.003). The in-vivo study included 10
neonates (mean ± SD gestational age: 25.7 ± 0.9 weeks and birth weight:
624.4 ± 96.1 g). Mean relative humidity during HFOV was significantly
lower than during IPPV (74.6% ± 5.7% vs 83.0 ± 6.7%, P=0.004).
Conclusion: Relative humidity was significantly lower during
HFOV than IPPV, both in vitro and in vivo. The type of heater-humidifier
also influenced humidification. More systematic measurements of humidity
of inspired gas, especially during HFOV, should be considered to
optimize humidification and consequently lung protection in ELBW
infants.
Las posibilidades individuales de acceso en el Sistema Universal de Protección de los Derechos Humanos:
Authors: Pinho De Oliveira Maria Fatima , Marin Herrera Amelia Adriana 
Published: May 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo es dar a conocer las posibilidades que tienen los individuos como sujetos de derecho internacional para acceder ante el Sistema Universal de Protección de los Derechos Humanos con la finalidad de presentar sus denuncias. Se utilizaron los métodos analíticos de fuentes documentales. Para lograr el objetivo propuesto se realizó una investigación documental y de nivel descriptivo, con énfasis en las normas internacionales que regulan la materia. La investigación está dividida en 3 partes: en la primera parte una breve introducción sobre el sistema de protección de Derechos Humanos; en la segunda parte sobre el Sistema Universal de Protección de los DDDH y en la tercera parte se presentan los Sistemas Regionales de Protección de los DDDH que son tres: el Sistema Europeo, el Sistema Interamericano y el Sistema Africano. Es importante destacar que la dimensión activa de la subjetividad jurídica internacional del individuo, depende del grado de progreso en la materia que presente el sistema regional o la instancia internacional ante la cual se demande.
Tasas de interés y derechos humanos
Authors: Pahnecke Oliver , Bohoslavsky Juan Pablo 
Published: May 2022

El presente artículo propone una innovadora interpretación basada en los derechos humanos, en la que las tasas de interés y las primas de riesgo aplicadas en préstamos públicos y privados, puedan ser ajustadas luego de cumplirse el pago completo del capital.
La/os prestataria/os de riesgo pagan más por el mismo préstamo que la/os clienta/es de bajo riesgo debido a las tasas de interés ponderadas por riesgo, las cuales encuentran su justificación en la ausencia o calidad de las garantías reales. Mientras esta perspectiva trata como intercambiables a las garantías reales y a las primas de riesgo, es sólo la garantía real la que se reembolsa una vez culminado el contrato, no así la prima de riesgo. La práctica de cobrar una prima de riesgo además de la tasa preferencial se encuentra justificada legalmente, debido a que sirve como protección de la propiedad del/de la prestamista en un contexto de riesgo, al acelerar la devolución del capital.
Sin embargo, este artículo argumenta que la diferencia de pre[1]cio pierde su justificación económica y legal una vez cumplido el propósito de la prima de riesgo de asegurar el pago del capital. Más aún, la prima de riesgo se convierte en una forma de discriminación económica, ya que injustificadamente impone una mayor carga sobre la/os clienta/es de riesgo por sobre la/os clienta/es de bajo riesgo. Además, este artículo demuestra que dicha prima de riesgo no puede considerarse una mera compensación que un/a prestatario/a de riesgo debe pagar por el incremento del riesgo del/de la prestamista. Según esta interpretación, ajustar la tasa de interés y la prima de riesgo una vez cumplido el pago completo del capital es un requerimiento legal, ya que evita dicha forma de discriminación al asegurarse el mismo tratamiento a toda/os la/ os prestataria/os. Este razonamiento encuentra sus fundamentos en el derecho contractual, el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos y en las regulaciones financieras internacionales. Más aún, este enfoque podría liberar recursos dentro del actual y dramático contexto sufrido a causa del Covid-19, en donde el espacio fiscal y los ingresos de los hogares deben ser destinados a salvar vidas y a garantizar la satisfacción de derechos económicos y sociales básicos.
Study on the impact of forest fire prevention policy on the health of forest resources
Authors: Zhang Jingyi , Chen Chang , Zhang Yang , Wu Chengliang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Forest fires threaten not only the forest ecosystem but also the safety of human health and their property. The Chinese Government has issued corresponding policies to strengthen the emphasis on forest fire prevention. Therefore, this paper uses panel data from 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions (except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) in China from 2011 to 2018 to establish a multiple regression model to study the relationship between the forest fire prevention policy and the health of forest resources, and it draws relevant conclusions. We put forward relevant suggestions accordingly to promote the improvement of the health of forest resources.
Immigration in Romania and Romanian in-Migration in Times of Covid-19. A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Prada Elena-Maria 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Immigration in Romania is a scarcely studied topic, mainly because the impact of this phenomenon is low. Romania is primarily known due to its history of emigration. This paper is a preliminary analysis of the way both temporary and permanent Romanian immigration changed at the NUTS 3 level during the 2015 migration crisis and due to COVID-19 pandemics. Internal migration was also included as the analysis was based on a component of the MASST model on in-migration, but with respect to NUTS3 level migration. The results obtained were statistically significant for the temporary migration and permanent migration. The refugees’ crisis had a direct influence on permanent migrants, while the COVID-19 pandemic left its mark on temporary migration, leading to an increase in the number of temporary migrants.
Atuação do enfermeiro na promoção da saúde no contexto escolar
Authors: Anjos Jussara Soares Marques dos , Carneiro Ana Beatriz Farias , Melo Beatriz Rocha , Veras Igor Aquino , Ferreira Laryssa da Silveira , Fernandes Valéria Oliveira , Brasileiro Lorrane Rafaela de Souza , Barbosa Patrícia Gomes Pereira , Pereira Divinamar , Ivo Rafaela Seixas 
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Registrar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem na promoção de educação em saúde em ambiente escolar para adolescentes conduzidas mediante consultas de enfermagem em um Centro Educacional do Distrito Federal. Relato de experiência: Os atendimentos ocorreram no período de 2 a 16 de maio de 2022 com adolescentes entre 15 a 18 anos, dirigidos por 6 acadêmicos do Curso de Enfermagem de um Centro Universitário do Distrito Federal. Utilizou-se uma ficha de atendimento para realização das consultas de enfermagem com abordagem das principais demandas dos adolescentes como apoio familiar, alimentação, higiene, saúde sexual, uso de substâncias psicoativas. Considerações finais: Ao final das consultas percebeu-se que o Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) configura um recurso essencial para ajudar a se atingir a meta de redução da prevalência de agravos infanto-juvenis e aumento dos índices populacionais abordados e envolvidos em estratégias formadoras de hábitos e posturas saudáveis, e que a presença de acadêmicos de enfermagem sob supervisão e com abordagem qualificada para o público estudantil no cenário escolar, proporciona práticas para educação em saúde favorecendo a construção de rotinas precisas para promoção da saúde dos adolescentes.
The Sign-Symbolic Level of Urban Identity of the Inhabitants of Industrial Cities of the Southern Urals
Authors: Shub Maria L. 
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the comprehension of the phenomenon of urban identity in general and its sign-symbolic level in particular. By urban identity in the context of the presented scientific text, we mean a set of authentic features and characteristics, inherent in a particular city, that perform an attributive function, allowing to differentiate it from other cities; the process and result of a person’s identification with the city, based on the acceptance of its identity, on the emotional entry into the space of its material and sign-symbolic environment. The sign-symbolic level of urban identity assumes personal mastering of the city’s semiotic environment, its inclusion in the space of the event and emotional experience of its inhabitants, transformation of the objects of the city’s sign-symbolic space into a set of “memory places”.The author of the article conducted a culturological study of the urban identity of the residents of industrial cities of the Southern Urals (semi-formalized interviewing method; the array of respondents — 270 people), including its sign-symbolic component. Its specific features are culturocentricity (predominance of man-made sign-symbolic objects over natural and mixed ones); commemorativeness (dominance of memorial objects — memorial sculpture and sculptural compositions, museums, ethnoparks, historical buildings, other monuments of historical and cultural heritage — over objects of other types); retro-orientation (predominance of objects temporally associated with the past, mainly with the Soviet period); monotony (limited range of objects chosen by residents of one city); syncretism (identity of objects aimed at different audiences); collectivism (total predominance of objects — signs of group identity); centrality (centripetal localization of objects, their location mainly in the city center). The results of the conducted research allow us to speak, with a significant degree of confidence, about the very clearly manifested features of the Southern Urals cities inhabitants’ perception of their own small Homeland, about the problematic and strengths of the existing urban identity, the vectors of its correction and improvement.
Bernadine Evaristo: Horizons of Identity
Authors: Gavristova Tatiana M. , Zakharova Natalya A. , Khokholkova Nadezhda E. 
Published: May 2022

The article is dedicated to the one of the most famous Afro-British writers — Bernardine Evaristo. In 2021, her book “Girl, Woman, Other” was translated and published in the Russian language. Earlier (in 2019), it had become a winner of the Booker Prize. The authors of the article focus on the problems that primarily concern the writer herself. These include feminism and gender equality, professional motivation and the texture of success, crisis and the search for identity, otherness and dissent, cross-cultural dialogue and existence on the verge of tradition, as well as the theme of the House (with a capital letter), within which, ideally, it is quite possible for representatives of different races, ethnicities and cultures to coexist.Bernardine Evaristo tried herself as an actress, screenwriter, director, radio and TV presenter and uses the experience gained in her literary works. Their genre is difficult to define. The novel “Girl, Woman, Other” is a kind of anthology of women’s experience. Foreign criticism defines it as fusion prose (a combination of the incompatible). It contains the authenticity of non-fiction and the miracles of magic, unobtrusive notes of maternal instructions and mesmerizing rhythms of blues poetry. The author avoids capital letters in her text; there are no main or secondary characters in the book. The author gives her protagonists (there are twelve of them as the number of Christian apostles) the opportunity to recognize their selfness, expand the horizons of their own identity. Together with them — her messengers — she tries to comprehend the meaning of her own existence as a woman, as a person, as another.
Emotions, care difficulties and ethical problems experienced by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Işık Meryem Türkan , Can Özdemir Rana , Karadeniz Elif 
Published: May 2022

Protecting the health and safety of nurses and other health professionals taking an active role during the COVID-19 pandemic is important. Risks not understood by health professionals and inadequate working conditions cause concern and lead to ethical problems. This qualitative research study was conducted to gain an understanding of the difficulties and emotions nurses experience, and their awareness of the ethical problems experienced while providing nursing care in the COVID-19 clinic. Data was collected by two different methods; deep conversation and semi-structured interview and evaluated by content analysis. Using an empirical phenomenological approach, data analysis concluded with two main themes and eight sub-themes. The average age of the nurses is 32.8±6.7, 91.1% are female, 73.3% have a bachelor's degree. Average weekly work hours before COVID-19 pandemic was 43.3± 4.6, after the pandemic 37.8± 5.5, 86.7% expressed that the care patients with COVID-19 received was adequate. The emotions experienced by the participants are positive, negative and ambivalent. During the COVID-19 outbreak, nurses were dominated by negative emotions intensified with the ethical issues surrounding the safety of patients, colleagues, families and themselves. Nurses primarily experience ethical problems related to their, patients’, colleagues’ and families’ safety. Positive emotions expressed by nurses; hopefulness, heroism, joy and success because of the patients' recovery, respect and emotions of gratitude. Some of the difficulties experienced by the participants are difficulties in care due to protective gear worn, difficulty reaching the physician and communication problems. Different studies can be planned regarding the factors affecting healthcare professional-patient communication during the COVID-19 care and treatment process.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ADOLESCENT, FAMILY, AND PARENTING STYLES ON SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Amatulah Dinda Ayu Safira , Hastuti Dwi 
Published: May 2022

Violence is a case that teenagers often experience, and violence cases in Indonesia are increasing every year. This study aims to analyze how adolescent and family characteristics and parenting styles influence sexual violence in adolescents. The research design used a cross-sectional study, followed by 45 young women who had experienced sexual violence in several provinces in Indonesia. The data collection technique used voluntary sampling using google-form, distributed through social media. This study uses the Parental Acceptance Rejection (PARQ) and Child Sexual Abuse (CSA). The results showed that adolescents who experienced violence were in the age range of 13 to 18 years. Teenage fathers primarily work as labourers, and mothers do not work/IRT. Parental marital status in general, living in their own home and residing in rural areas. The style of acceptance, aggression, neglect, and rejection of parents is low. However, sexual violence against adolescents is severe, with the most frequent perpetrators of violence perpetrated by their peers. The results showed that parents whose status was married had a rejection style of parenting, and teenagers who did not have their bedroom felt more cared for. Adolescents who live with nuclear families and receive an accepting parenting style from their parents are less likely to experience sexual violence.
Keywords: family characteristics, parenting style, sexual violence, teenagers