bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis in MHD Peristaltic Flow of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids bounded with Porous Tilted Channel
Authors: Hussain F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

This work investigates the dynamics of peristaltic blood flow on a non-Newtonian Jeffery fluid in the presence of a magnetic environment by taking a porous medium. The channel is considered to be convective and porous which is inclined at a certain angle to the horizontal in order to understand the behavior of blood flow in a biological system. Moreover, velocity slip, concentration slip, and convective boundary conditions are taken into account. The mathematical development of the governing equations gives a velocity, temperature, and concentration solution under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The technique of perturbation is used on the non-linear equations of velocity and temperature to find their analytical solutions while the exact solution is obtained for the equation of concentration. A numerical software named Wolfram MATHEMATICA is used to find the analytical solution and graphical framework of velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. A comparison of Newtonian and Jeffery fluid is established graphically to find the behavior of various physical parameters used in the analysis. Results show that the porous medium parameter enhanced the velocity and temperature profiles, and diminished the concentration profile. Moreover, the Hartman number slows down the velocity of the fluid.
Determinants of municipal-level household food waste
Authors: Lin Yi-Chen , Deng Wen-Shuenn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Using time series data on municipal-level household food scrap drawn from a city-wide food scrap recycling program from 2007m1 to 2018m8, we proxy the household food wastage rate (FWR) by the edible-to-inedible food scrap ratio and then apply both linear and semiparametric varying-coefficient cointegration tests to examine the municipal-level long-run relationship between socioeconomic factors and household FWR. The linear model shows that food price, old-age population share, and average household size are positively related to FWR, whereas working-age population share is negatively related to FWR. Consistent with the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, the varying-coefficient model further reveals that the direct relationship between income and FWR is inverted-U shaped. Moreover, income alters the relationship between socioeconomic factors and FWR. The FWR-increasing effect of population aging (food price) likely aggravates (diminishes) with economic growth. With these in mind, for policymakers trying to reduce food waste, the steady increases in food price and old-age share pose challenges, whereas the declining trend in average household size brings relief. Given the results, one way to reduce food waste is subsidizing both the design of smart packaging and the development of semi-prepared convenience food with flexible portion sizes and portion sizes suitable for older adults.JEL code: J22, Q11, Q13
C-type lectin-like receptor (CLEC)-2, the ligand of podoplanin, induces morphological changes in podocytes
Authors: Tanaka Keiko , Tanaka Masafumi , Watanabe Nobuo , Ito Masatoshi , Pastan Ira , Koizumi Masahiro , Matsusaka Taiji 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN) is intensely expressed on the podocyte membrane in an evolutionally conserved manner. CLEC-2, the endogenous ligand of PDPN, is highly expressed in platelets and also exists in a soluble form in plasma. Normally, podocytes are sequestered from CLEC-2, but when the glomerular barrier is injured, podocytes gain access to CLEC-2. We tested the effects of CLEC-2 in podocytes in vitro and in vivo. Cultured podocytes treated with Fc-CLEC-2 demonstrated that CLEC-2 induced the dephosphorylation of moesin, which we found to be the major ERM in cultured podocytes. Podocytes treated with Fc-CLEC-2 also showed the dissociation of F-actin filaments from PDPN, F-actin degradation, detachment, and round morphology. Next, we perfused normal mouse kidney in vivo with FLAG-CLEC-2. CLEC-2 induced dephosphorylation of ezrin and widening of the foot processes of podocytes. Platelets were detected by immunostaining for CD41 in the urine of mice with podocyte injury, indicating that podocytes can encounter platelets when glomeruli are injured. Collectively, these observations suggest that when platelets leak through the injured glomeruli, CLEC-2 from the platelets acts on PDPN in podocytes and induces morphological change and detachment, which may further aggravate podocyte injury. Thus, PDPN on podocytes may work as a leaked-platelet sensor.
Reconstruction of Cropland Spatial Pattern in Karst Area During Jiaqing Period of Qing Dynasty: A Case Study of Guizhou, Southwest China
Authors: Yang Liuying , Zhao Cuiwei , Jiao Shulin , Li Shuang , Wang Lei , Li Yinjiu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Karst regions are exceptionally responsive to global change with their harsh natural environment, fragile ecology, and acute human-land conflicts. The reconstruction of the spatial pattern of cropland in karst areas during the historical period is typical for studying human-land relations in karst areas and has important practical significance for the study of climate. The ecological environment changes at regional and global scales, primarily to provide essential data and a theoretical basis for studying the inverse evolution of rock desertification in karst areas. Guizhou province, a typical karst area, was selected as the research area in 1820. Based on the correction of historical population data and cropland data, a reconstruction model of the spatial pattern of cropland in karst areas during the historical period was constructed by selecting factors such as elevation, slope, soil types, organic matter content, climatic productivity potential, distance to river and distance from settlements to reconstruct the spatial pattern distribution of cropland in Guizhou in 1820. The results show that the data on cropland recorded in Guizhou during the Qing dynasty are too low, mainly due to Yin-Ni and the policy of Tu-Di-Mian-Ke. In 1820, the total area of revised cropland in Guizhou was 1,851,792hm2, with the highest proportion of 14.32% in Dating Fu and the lowest in Songtao Ting at 1.6%. Only 30% of the grid in Guizhou has a cropland distribution. It is mainly concentrated in the central part of Qianzhong District (Anshun and Guiyang Fu), the southern part of Qianbei District (Pingyue Fu and southern Zunyi Fu), the western part of Qiandongnan District, the central and eastern parts of the Qiandongbei District. The overall average reclamation rate of land in Guizhou is 10.93%, the highest reclamation intensity in Qianzhong District, with 8.5% of grids ≥ 50%, and the smallest in Qianxinan District, with only 1.65% of grids ≥ 50%. The reconstruction results are more reasonable and can objectively reflect cropland distribution in karst areas during the historical period. The reconstruction model is suitable for karst areas with low productivity levels.
Sound transmission loss of double-walled sandwich cross-ply layered magneto-electro- elastic plates under thermal environment
Authors: Refahati Nima , Jearsiripongkul Thira , Thongchom Chanachai , Saffari Peyman Roodgar , Saffari Pouyan Roodgar , Keawsawasvong Suraparb 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study offers a comprehensive investigation into the parameters affecting the sound transmission characteristics of a double-walled sandwich magneto-electro-elastic cross-ply layered plate resting on viscoelastic medium in thermal environment. To this end, the walls of this sandwich structure are modeled based on the assumptions of the first-order shear deformation theory. The governing equations are derived via a coupled set of equations targeting vibration and acoustic aspects of the problem after the application of Hamilton’s principle. The obtained equations are then solved by the implementation of double Fourier series and the second velocity potential, giving an accurate estimation of sound transmission loss under initial magnetic and electric potentials, variations of temperature, ply angle, acoustic cavity depth, incident angle of sound waves, and viscoelastic parameters.
Novel MreB Inhibitors with Antibacterial Activity Against Gram (-) Bacteria
Authors: Sagong Hye Yeon , Rosado-Lugo Jesus D , Bryan Eric J , Ferrer-Gonzalez Edgar , Wang Yiling , Cao Yanlu , Parhi Ajit K , Pilch Daniel S , LaVoie Edmond Joseph 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
MreB is a cytoskeleton protein present in rod-shaped bacteria that is both essential for bacterial cell division and highly conserved. Because most Gram (-) bacteria require MreB for cell division, chromosome segregation, cell wall morphogenesis, and cell polarity, it is an attractive target for antibacterial drug discovery. As MreB modulation is not associated with the activity of antibiotics in clinical use, acquired resistance to MreB inhibitors is also unlikely. Compounds, such as A22 and CBR-4830, are known to disrupt MreB function by inhibition of ATPase activity. However, the toxicity of these compounds has hindered efforts to assess the in vivo efficacy of these MreB inhibitors. The present study further examines the structure-activity of analogs related to CBR-4830 as it relates to relative antibiotic activity and improved drug properties. These data reveal that certain analogs have enhanced antibiotic activity. In addition, we evaluated several representative analogs (9, 10, 14, 26, and 31) for their abilities to target purified E. coli MreB (EcMreB) and inhibit its ATPase activity. Except for 14, all these analogs were more potent than CBR-4830 as inhibitors of the ATPase activity of EcMreB with corresponding IC50 values ranging from 6.3 ± 2.0 to 29.4 ± 8.8 uM.
A de-risking experimental framework defines the physiological interactome of TCR-based therapeutics in human tissues
Authors: Marrer-Berger Estelle , Nicastri Annalisa , Augustin Angelique , Pulko Vesna , Liao Hanqing , Duerner Lydia , Wienzierl Tina , Cabon Lauriane , Lezan Emmanuelle , Klein Christian , Umaña Pablo , Woodhouse Isaac , Bujotzek Alexander , Ternette Nicola 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Selective binding of TCR-based therapies that target a single tumour-specific peptide epitope presented by human leukocyte antigens (HLA) is the absolute prerequisite for their therapeutic suitability and patient safety. To date, selectivity assessment has been limited to peptide library screening and predictive computational modeling. We developed the first experimental platform to de novo identify interactomes of TCR-like molecules directly in human tissues using mass spectrometry. As proof of concept, we confirm the target epitope of a novel MAGE-A4-specific TCR-like antibody. We further determine 16 cross-reactive sequences for ESK1, a TCR-like bispecific antibody recognizing WT-1 with known off-target activity, in healthy liver tissue. We observe strong, off-target-induced T cell activation for 8/16 sequences, demonstrating the high specificity of the approach. Off-target sequences define a previously missed amino acid compensation motif that structurally mimics the target peptide groove coordination and allows for peptide interaction with the engager molecule. We establish the importance of the identified off-target activity by demonstrating 3D liver spheroid killing in the presence of ESK1 and healthy donor PBMC. Finally, we utilize our approach to de-risk our novel MAGE-A4 targeting TCR-like bispecific antibody prior to entering now ongoing clinical trials. We conclude that our strategy offers an accurate, scalable route for de-risking TCR-based therapeutics prior to first-in-human clinical application.
Oxygen cost of walking and its relationship with body composition in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Jeng Brenda , Huynh Trinh , Feasel Corey , Motl Robert 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background/Objectives: Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) demonstrate worse walking efficiency, as indicated by elevated oxygen cost of walking (Cw), compared with controls, which can have detrimental consequences on fatigue and physical activity. With the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in MS, body composition may be an additional influencing factor of Cw in MS; however, less is known about this relationship in MS. This study examined the association between Cw and body composition metrics, while considering potential covariates such as disability status, stride length, and cadence, in persons with MS.Subjects/Methods: The sample included 63 persons with MS across a wide distribution of body composition metrics. Cw was assessed using portable, indirect calorimetry, and percent body fat percentage, fat mass, fat-free mass, bone mineral content, and bone mineral density (BMD) were determined from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Other outcome measures included stride length, cadence, and disability status.Results: Cw had a small-to-moderate associations with percent body fat (rs=–.26), fat mass (rs=–.32), and BMD (rs=–.31). After controlling for age, sex, disability status, stride length, and cadence, the association between Cw and percent body fat (rs=–.34), fat mass (rs=–.38), and BMD (rs=–.35) were stronger. Cw was further significantly associated with shorter step length (rs=–.40), slower cadence (rs=–.38), and higher disability status (rs=.44). Body composition metrics were not related to gait parameters or disability status in our sample of persons with mild-to-moderate MS.Conclusions: The results indicated that higher Cw was associated with lower percent body fat and BMD after taking factors such as disability status into consideration. Researchers may focus on interventions that change body composition, or perhaps gait profiles, as possible approaches for changing Cw and its consequences such as disability status in persons with MS.
Age and Survival After Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis: CURRENT AS Registry
Authors: Taniguchi Tomohiko , Morimoto Takeshi , Yamaji Kyohei , Shirai Shinichi , Ando Kenji , Shiomi Hiroki , Takeji Yasuaki , Ohno Nobuhisa , Kanamori Norio , Yamazaki Fumio , Koyama Tadaaki , Kim Kitae , Ehara Natsuhiko , Furukawa Yutaka , Komiya Tatsuhiko , Iwakura Atsushi , Shirotani Manabu , Esaki Jiro , Sakaguchi Genichi , Fujii Kosuke , Nakayama Shogo , Mabuchi Hiroshi , Tsuneyoshi Hiroshi , Eizawa Hiroshi , Shiraga Kotaro , Hanyu Michiya , Nakano Akira , Ishii Katsuhisa , Tamura Nobushige , Higashitani Nobuya , Kouchi Ichiro , Yamada Tomoyuki , Nishizawa Junichiro , Jinnai Toshikazu , Morikami Yuko , Minatoya Kenji , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of data regarding loss in life expectancy after aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS).OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the postoperative survival stratified by age and surgical risk, with reference to the life expectancy in the general population.METHODS Among 3815 patients with severe AS enrolled in the CURRENT AS registry, the present study population consisted of 1163 patients who actually underwent surgical AVR as the initial strategy. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to age (<65: N=185, 65-74: N=394, 75-80: N=345, and >80: N=239). The expected survival of the general Japanese population was obtained from the Statistics Bureau of Japan. The surgical risk was estimated using the Society of Thoracic Surgery (STS) score.RESULTS The mean follow-up was 3.9 years. The observed mortality after surgical AVR in patients ≤80 years of age was apparently higher than the expected mortality in the general population, while the mortality in patients >80 years of age was comparable to the expected mortality. The observed mortality in low-risk patients was comparable to the expected mortality across all the age groups, while intermediate-risk patients <75 years of age, and high-risk patients across all age groups had higher mortality compared with the expected mortality. CONCLUSIONS The risk stratification according to age and STS score might be useful to estimate loss in life expectancy after AVR, and these findings have implications for decision making in the choice of surgical or transcatheter AVR.URL: www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm. Unique identifier: UMIN000012140.
RHDV 3C protein antagonizes type I interferon signaling by cleaving interferon promoter stimulated 1 protein
Authors: Men Yanjuan , Wang Yonghui , Liu Jing , Tian Jiahao , Han Xufeng , Chen Yang , Chen Renjin , Chen Quangang , Hu Ankang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The host innate immune response to viral infection often involves the activation of type I interferons (IFNs). Not surprisingly, many viruses have evolved various mechanisms to disable the IFN pathway and evade the antiviral response involving innate immunity. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) is caused by RHD virus (RHDV), but whether it can antagonize the production of host IFN to establish infection has not been investigated. In this study, we found that during RHDV infection, the expressions of IFN and the interferon-stimulated gene were not activated. We constructed eukaryotic expression plasmids of all RHDV proteins, and found that RHDV 3C protein inhibited poly(I:C)-induced IFN expressions. Using siRNA to interfere with the expressions of TLR3 and MDA5, we found that the MDA5 signal pathway was used by the 3C protein to inhibit poly(I:C)-induced IFNs expression. This effect was mediated by cleaving the interferon promoter stimulated 1 (IPS-1) protein. Finally, our study showed that IFN was effective against RHDV infection. In summary, our findings showed that RHDV 3C protein was a new interferon antagonist. These results increased our understanding of the escape mechanism from innate immunity mediated by the RHDV 3C protein.
Marked lateral variations in the Moho topography below the Uttarakhand Himalaya (India)
Authors: Mandal Prantik , Prathigadapa Raju , Saha Satish 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Utilizing broadband waveform data from 52 stations, we model the detailed crustal structure below the Uttrakhand Himalaya through the Common Conversion Point (CCP) staking of radial P- receiver functions and seismic velocity tomography. We detect marked lateral variations in the Moho depths dipping toward the east (i.e. perpendicular to the direction of the Indian plate motion), supporting the idea that deformations in the lower crust have been decoupled from the Upper Mantle below. We also model some double Moho structures across and along the strike of the collisional front, which could be the imprints of the broken Moho boundary resulted from the huge impact of the Himalayan collision. We detect a mid-crustal low-velocity zone between 10 and 20 km depth (10–20% drop in Vp and Vs, and 10–15% increase in Vp/Vs, suggesting the presence of metamorphic/aqueous fluids) associated with the main Himalayan thrust (MHT), which was responsible for generating the 1803 Mw7.6 Uttrakhand, 1991 Mw6.8 Uttarkashi and 1999 Mw6.5 Chamoli earthquakes. A double Moho structure (at 35–60 km depths) is also detected below the main rupture zone of these earthquakes, which might be resulting in the accumulation of large crustal stresses to generate fluid-triggered earthquakes on the MHT.
Three-dimensional analysis of the relationship between mandibular retromolar space and impacted third molars types in non-hyperdivergent adults
Authors: Huang Yumei , Cheng Yunjia , Dan Yang , Tang Yingying , Yang Ya , Xu Jingfeng , Zheng Leilei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The anatomical position of the mandibular third molars(M3)is located in the posterior space of the molars, and many two-dimensional studies on them in the previous literature. This study evaluated the relationship between retromolar space(RS) and different impacted classifications of M3 in three‑dimensional(3D) cone‑beam computed tomography(CBCT).
Methods
206 mandibular third molars from 103 patients were included and separately separated into three classifications concurring to four classification criteria which included PG-A/B/C, PG-I/II/III, mesiodistal angle and buccolingual angle. 3D hard tissue models were reconstructed by CBCT digital imaging. RS was measured respectively by utilizing the fitting WALA ridge plane (WP)which was fitted by the least square method and the occlusal plane(OP) as reference planes. The SPSS (version 26) was used to analyze the data.
Results
In all classifications of classification criteria, RS diminished steadily from the crown to the root (p < 0.05), the minimum was at the root tip. From PG-A classification, PG-B classification to PG-C classification and from PG-I classification, PG-II classification to PG-III classification, RS both appeared a diminishing tendency (p < 0.05). As the degree of mesioangula impaction diminished, RS appeared an expanding trend (p < 0.05). RS in classification criteria of buccolingual angle had no statistical difference(p > 0.05).
Conclusions
RS were related to the impacted classifications of M3. With the increment of the impacted degree of M3 ,the retromolar space gradually diminished. In clinic, RS can be evaluated by watching the PG classification and mesial angle of M3.
Size characterization of Plasmonic Nanoparticles with Dark-Field Single Particle Spectrophotometry
Authors: Calvo Rodrigo , Thon Andreas , Saad Asis , Salvador-Matar Antonio , Manso Miguel , Ahumada Óscar , Pini Valerio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles are widely used in multiple scientific and industrial applications. Although many synthesis methods have been reported in the literature throughout the last decade, controlling the size and shape of large populations still remains as a challenge. As size and shape variations have a strong impact in their plasmonic properties, the need to have metrological techniques to accurately characterize their morphological features is peremptory. We present a new optical method referred as Dark-Field Single Particle Spectrophotometry which is able to measure the individual sizes of thousands of particles with nanometric accuracy in just a couple of minutes. Our method also features an easy sample preparation, a straightforward experimental setup inspired on a customized optical microscope, and a measurement protocol simple enough to be carried out by untrained technicians. As a proof of concept, thousands of spherical nanoparticles of different sizes have been measured, and after a direct comparison with metrological gold standard electron microscopy, a discrepancy of 3% has been attested. Although its feasibility has been demonstrated on spherical nanoparticles, the true strengthness of the method is that it can be generalized also to nanoparticles with arbitrary shapes and geometries, thus representing an advantageous alternative to the gold-standard electron microscopy.