bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CircHOMER1 aggravates oxidative stress, inflammation and extracellular matrix deposition in high glucose‐induced human mesangial cells
Authors: Shu Shi , Xu Zhongju , Lu Haiying , Li Zhijie , Zhang Yue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important regulatory role in human diseases, including diabetic nephropathy (DN). The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of circHOMER1 action in DN.MethodsHuman mesangial cells (HMCs) were tested with high glucose (HG) to mimic DN cell models. Quantitative real‐time PCR was performed to determine circHOMER1, microRNA (miR)‐137 and SRY‐box transcription factor 6 (SOX6) expression. SOD activity and MDA level were detected to evaluate cell oxidative stress. ELISA assay was used to analyse the levels of inflammation factors. The protein levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition‐related markers and SOX6 were assessed by western blot analysis. The interaction between miR‐137 and circHOMER1 or SOX6 was analysed by dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull‐down assay.ResultsCircHOMER1 was highly expressed in HG‐induced HMCs and DN patients. Downregulation of circHOMER1 suppressed oxidative stress, inflammation and ECM deposition in HMCs induced by HG. In terms of mechanism, circHOMER1 could sponge miR‐137 to regulate SOX6. Function assays showed that miR‐137 inhibitor or SOX6 overexpression revoked the negative regulation of circHOMER1 knockdown on HG‐induced HMCs injury. In addition, miR‐137 expression was negatively correlated with circHOMER1 and SOX6 expression in DN patients.ConclusionCircHOMER1 promoted HG‐induced HMCs oxidative stress, inflammation and ECM accumulation via the miR‐137/SOX6 axis, suggesting that circHOMER1 might be a target for DN treatment.
PM2.5,PM10 and bronchiolitis severity: A cohort study
Authors: Milani Gregorio P. , Cafora Marco , Favero Chiara , Luganini Anna , Carugno Michele , Lenzi Erica , Pistocchi Anna , Pinatel Eva , Pariota Luigi , Ferrari Luca , Bollati Valentina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundA few studies suggest that particulate matter (PM) exposure might play a role in bronchiolitis. However, available data are mostly focused on the risk of hospitalization and come from retrospective studies that provided conflicting results. This prospective study investigated the association between PM (PM2.5 and PM10) exposure and the severity of bronchiolitis.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted between November 2019 and February 2020 at the pediatric emergency department of the Fondazione IRCCS Ca′ Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. Infants <1 year of age with bronchiolitis were eligible. The bronchiolitis severity score was assessed in each infant and a nasal swab was collected to detect respiratory viruses. The daily PM10 and PM2.5 exposure in the 29 preceding days were considered. Adjusted regression models were employed to evaluate the association between the severity score and PM10 and PM2.5 exposure.ResultsA positive association between the PM2.5 levels and the severity score was found at day‐2 (β 0.0214, 95% CI 0.0011–0.0417, p = .0386), day‐5 (β 0.0313, 95% CI 0.0054–0.0572, p = .0179), day‐14 (β 0.0284, 95% CI 0.0078–0.0490, p = .0069), day‐15 (β 0.0496, 95% CI 0.0242–0.0750, p = .0001) and day‐16 (β 0.0327, 95% CI 0.0080–0.0574, p = .0093).Similar figures were observed considering the PM10 exposure and limiting the analyses to infants with respiratory syncytial virus.ConclusionThis study shows for the first time a direct association between PM2.5 and PM10 levels and the severity of bronchiolitis.
Mediators linking obesity to childhood asthma
Authors: Chen Yang‐Ching , Huang Yen‐Tsung , Pan Wen‐Harn , Lee Yungling L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity and asthma are highly associated, but the mechanisms underlying the association remain unknown. We examined five mediators linking obesity with childhood asthma: (1) pulmonary function impairment, (2) airway inflammation, (3) physical fitness, (4) sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB), and (5) early puberty.MethodsA Mendelian randomization (MR) study with mediation analysis of data obtained from 5965 children as part of the Taiwan Children Health Study. Observational analysis, MR two‐stage least‐squares method, and MR sensitivity analysis were carried out to investigate each causal pathway. Prospective cohort analyses were used to strengthen the findings.ResultsThe increased asthma risk associated with obesity was found to be mostly mediated through impaired pulmonary function, low physical fitness, and early puberty. In the MR analysis, body mass index was negatively associated with FEV1/FVC and physical fitness index (β = −2.17 and −0.71; 95% CI, −3.92 to −0.42 and −1.30 to −0.13, respectively) and positively associated with early puberty (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02–1.17). High FEV1/FVC and physical fitness index reduced asthma risk (OR, 0.98 and 0.93; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99 and 0.88–0.98, respectively), whereas SDB and early puberty increased the risk of asthma (OR, 1.03 and 1.22; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05 and 1.05–1.42, respectively). Temporal causality was strengthened in prospective cohort analyses. The three main mediators were low physical fitness, impaired pulmonary function, and early puberty, with mediation proportions of 73.76%, 61.63%, and 27.66%, respectively.ConclusionsInterventions promoting physical fitness and pulmonary function might effectively reduce obesity‐induced asthma risk.
Wellness of patients with chronic pain is not only about pain intensity
Authors: Gershoni Tamar , Pud Dorit , Aviram Joshua , Eisenberg Elon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveAttaining good outcomes in the management of chronic pain remains a clinical challenge. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between – and the contribution of – pain and related conditions to the wellness of these patients.DesignA secondary analysis of database of patients with chronic pain treated with medical cannabis (MC) to carry out a one‐year prospective follow‐up study was conducted. Questionnaires were completed before (T0), six (T6), and twelve (T12) months after MC initiation. Data included patients' demographics and questionnaires related to three latent factors: pain intensity measures, related conditions (catastrophizing, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression), and wellness parameters (quality‐of‐life, disability, subjective‐health‐state). Weighted average of the observed variables (WOBs) were calculated for each latent factor. Longitudinal structural equation modeling (SEM) and mediation analyses were performed to identify predictors and interrelations between the WOBs, respectively.ResultsParticipants included 510 patients. All variables were significantly improved from T0 to T6 and T12. SEM revealed that related conditions, and to a lesser extent pain, predicted wellness at T0, T6, and T12 (related conditions: β0 = 0.55, p < 0.001; β6 = 0.54, p < 0.001; and β12 = 0.51, p < 0.001; pain: β0 = 0.42, p < 0.001; β6 = 0.18, p < 0.001; and β12 = 0.25, p < 0.001). Mediation analyses demonstrated that the effect of WOB‐related conditions was greater than WOB‐pain on wellness.ConclusionWellness of patients with chronic pain can be determined not only by pain itself but even more so by the severity of related conditions. Thus, considering a broad spectrum of pain measures and related conditions seems relevant for improving the wellness of patients with chronic pain.
Increased abundance of patatins, lipoxygenase and miraculins in a thaxtomin A‐habituated potato Russet Burbank somaclone with enhanced resistance to common scab
Authors: Isayenka Iauhenia , Duque‐Yate Juan , Goulet Marie‐Claire , Michaud Dominique , Beaulieu Carole , Beaudoin Nathalie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPotato common scab caused by the actinobacterium Streptomyces scabiei is characterized by the formation of corky lesions on tubers that reduce their marketability. Management of common scab is very complex and often ineffective under various environmental conditions. Using potato varieties that are more resistant to common scab remains one of the most efficient strategies to control this disease. However, very little is known about the factors associated with resistance to common scab. Somaclone RB9 regenerated from thaxtomin A‐habituated potato Russet Burbank calli produced tubers more resistant to common scab than the original variety. Comparison of the RB9 tuber proteome with that of Russet Burbank using label‐free quantitative proteomic analysis revealed changes in the accumulation of defence‐related proteins from the patatin and lipoxygenase (LOX) families, which are involved in the metabolism of lipids, and of two miraculins of the Kunitz‐type protease inhibitors family. The implication of LOX during common scab infection was studied using synchronized minitubers developed from leaf‐bud cuttings. S. scabiei infection stimulated the accumulation of LOX in both Russet Burbank and RB9 minitubers, but this accumulation was intensified in RB9 minitubers. Infection also increased LOX activity in Russet Burbank and RB9 minitubers. However, LOX activity measured in noninfected RB9 minitubers was similar to that of infected Russet Burbank minitubers, indicating endogenous activation of LOX activity in RB9 minitubers. We discuss how increased LOX abundance and activity in the somaclone RB9 may contribute to improving tuber defence against common scab.
Regulatory barriers to dental anesthesia services for special populations
Authors: Busto Robert , Virga Joseph , Bean Canise , Draper John , Jatana Courtney , Cornelius Bryant 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsSedation and general anesthesia are necessities for the treatment of many individuals within special populations such as those with physical and intellectual disabilities, fear/anxiety, or individuals requiring extensive procedures. This study aims to discover regulatory factors that may be contributing to the limited access to anesthesia services provided by dentist anesthesiologists.Methods and ResultsThe study included an online survey completed by self‐reported dentist anesthesiologists with 2 or more years of formal anesthesia training. The survey was distributed at the April 2019 American Society of Dentist Anesthesiologists national meeting in Chicago. Participants responded to questions regarding the effect of specific state regulations on decisions to practice in a particular state and how such regulations influenced patient safety and barriers to care. Rules and regulatory restrictions on the mobility of dentist anesthesiologist equipment/supplies and additional state narcotic transportation regulations were deemed statistically significant in failing to improve safety. Requiring airway and sedation training for a facility's provider and staff were not barriers to care. Rules and regulations were not a factor to establishing clinical practice in one state over another state.ConclusionIndividuals and organizations responsible for influencing the regulatory environment of anesthesia services should improve regulations to facilitate the mobility of dentist anesthesiologists.
Frozen and freeze‐dried solvent/detergent treated plasma: Two different pharmaceutical formulations with comparable quality
Authors: Heger Andrea , Gruber Gerhard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundOctaplasLG is a frozen solvent/detergent‐treated plasma product used for treating complex coagulation factor deficiencies or as substitution therapy in emergency situations where specific factor concentrates are not available. A new freeze‐dried (also known as lyophilized) form of OctaplasLG, referred as OctaplasLG Lyo (Octapharma AG, Switzerland) offers rapid reconstitution and more flexible storage conditions, improving logistics and utilization. This study compared the biochemical quality of OctaplasLG Lyo with OctaplasLG and single‐donor fresh frozen plasma units.Study Design and MethodsThree batches of OctaplasLG Lyo, manufactured for production process qualification, and 12 batches of OctaplasLG were provided by Octapharma AB (Sweden). Twelve units of fresh frozen plasma were collected by the local FDA‐licensed blood provider. All plasma samples were assessed for global coagulation parameters, coagulation factors and protease inhibitors, activation markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis, and important plasma proteins. Quality control assays were conducted in accordance with European Pharmacopeia requirements.ResultsFrozen and freeze‐dried OctaplasLG demonstrated comparable quality profiles upon thawing or reconstitution. All coagulation factor and protease inhibitor activity parameters were in line with levels mandated by the European Pharmacopeia. Fresh frozen plasma units showed comparable coagulation factor activities, with higher protein S and plasmin inhibitor levels than the OctaplasLG products. Fresh frozen plasma parameters showed high lot‐to‐lot variations.DiscussionThe two pharmaceutical forms of OctaplasLG (frozen and freeze‐dried) have comparable biochemical quality. Key features of OctaplasLG Lyo are rapid reconstitution time and storage flexibility, which may improve logistics and utilization, and have particular advantages in emergency situations and pre‐hospital settings.
Minimising COVID‐19 transmission cases: Do policies and institutions matter?
Authors: Ambaw Dessie Tarko , Hing Vutha , Osakwe Patrick N. , Thangavelu Shandre Mugan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of institutional factors and government policy responses on COVID‐19 infection cases. It applies the Random Effects (RE) and GMM (Generalised Method of Moments) estimation techniques to panel data to explore the relationship between COVID‐19 cases on the one hand and institutions and government policy responses on the other. The paper finds that the nature and timing of policy responses matter and that institutions play a crucial role in explaining observed infection cases across countries. The results also indicate that high population density and previous experience with infectious diseases are important factors in explaining infection cases across countries. One of the policy implications of our findings is the importance of timely policy intervention at the national level in reducing infection cases.
Effects of different pollen diets in comparison to a natural prey, Tetranychus turkestani (Acari: Tetranychidae), on development, survival, and reproduction of Euseius scutalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Shishehbor Parviz , Rahmani-Piani Atefeh , Riahi Elham 
Published: October 2022

The development, survival, and reproduction of the predatory mite Euseius scutalis (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) were studied under laboratory conditions (25 ±1 °C, 65 ± 5% RH, 16:8 (L: D) h) on strawberry spider mite, Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov and Nikolski (Acari: Tetranychidae), and four different pollen including date palm, cattail, golden shower tree and caper bush pollen. Our results showed that E. scutalis mites successfully developed into the adult stage and reproduced on natural prey and plant pollen tested. Diet type significantly affected the developmental time of immature stages of both females and males. Females reared on T. turkestani had a considerably shorter total developmental time than those raised on other diets. Date pollen and spider mites-fed females began laying eggs much earlier than other females. The lower number of laid eggs was recorded for the females raised on golden shower tree, followed by caper bush pollen. The net reproductive rate (R0) of the predators fed golden shower tree was significantly lower than those provided cattail pollen and T. turkestani. Intrinsic and finite rates of increase (r and λ, respectively) were highest in the females fed T. turkestani (0.3300 ± 0.018 and 1.3910 ± 0.0247, respectively) followed by cattail pollen (0.2721 ± 0.0178 and 1.3126 ± 0.0233, respectively). Based on the current findings, it can be concluded that rearing of E. scutalis on the immatures of T. turkestani was considerably better than on other diets with higher values of egg production and population growth rate under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, cattail pollen followed by date palm pollen are suitable alternative diet sources for easy and cost-effective rearing of E. scutalis in the laboratory.
Displaced fat-jets and tracks to probe boosted right-handed neutrinos in the $$U(1)_{B-L}$$ model
Authors: Padhan Rojalin , Mitra Manimala , Kulkarni Suchita , Deppisch Frank F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe investigate the pair-production of Right-Handed Neutrinos (RHNs) via a $$B-L$$

B
-
L

$$Z'$$

Z
′

boson and present the sensitivity studies of the active-sterile neutrino mixing ($$|V_{\mu N}|$$

|

V

μ
N

|

) at the High-Luminosity run of the LHC (HL-LHC) and a future pp collider (FCC-hh). We focus on RHN states with a mass of $$10-70$$

10
-
70

GeV which naturally results in displaced vertices for small $$|V_{\mu N}|$$

|

V

μ
N

|

. Being produced through a mass resonance with $$M_{Z'} \ge 1$$

M

Z
′

≥
1

TeV, the RHNs are heavily boosted, leading to collimated decay products that give rise to fat-jets. We investigate the detection prospect of dedicated signatures in the inner detector and the muon spectrometer, namely a pair of displaced fat-jets and the associated tracks, respectively. We find that both the HL-LHC and FCC-hh can be sensitive to $$|V_{\mu N}| > 10^{-6}$$

|

V

μ
N

|
>

10

-
6

and $$|V_{\mu N}| > 10^{-7}$$

|

V

μ
N

|
>

10

-
7

with the number of events reaching $${\mathcal {O}}(10)$$

O
(
10
)

and $${\mathcal {O}}(10^3)$$

O
(

10
3

)

, respectively. This allows probing the generation of light neutrino masses through the Seesaw mechanism.
Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitude, and Predictors of Waterpipe Smoking among School Adolescents in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsanosy Rashad 
Published: October 2022

This cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the prevalence, knowledge, attitude, and predictors of waterpipe (WP) smoking among intermediate and secondary school adolescents in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was used to collect data on demography, WP smoking status and patterns, the Arabic version of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey tool, and instruments to assess knowledge and attitude towards WP smoking. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was also used. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. Modeling of WP smoking behavior was conducted using logistic regression. A total of 639 male students participated in this study. The prevalence of current WP and cigarette smokers were 17.7% and 14.6%, respectively. Out of the total population, 47.8% of students have the misconception that WP smoking is less harmful than cigarettes. A significant association (

P

< 0.05) of some demographic factors (age, school stage, residence, and parents’ educational level) on WP smoking status was observed. Pleasure, socializing, and happiness represented the primary motives for initiating WP smoking. The majority of students had misconceptions about WP’s health effects. More than 50% believed that smoking WP could ease anxiety, cause less harm, and has less addictive properties compared to cigarettes. Modeling suggested that the most significant predictors of WP smoking were cigarette smoking, depression, and the attitude index. Current findings warrant further research and official health programs to promote educational initiatives regarding WP smoking.
From Tukhmah to Wamḍah: The Literary Forum at the University of Aleppo, Its Critical Enterprise, and the New Poetics of Minimalism
Authors: Behar Daniel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This essay presents a synoptic view and a critical synthesis of the activity of the Literary Forum at the University of Aleppo (1980–1986) with the aim of putting Aleppo on the map of modern Arabic literature. Serving as an intensive laboratory for literary and meta-literary production under political duress, the Forum is situated at a confluence of global cultural currents as well as at a turning point in the history of the Arabic prose poem. The Forum members devised literary strategies for coping with the deterioration of their city’s cultures while working within both an Arabic tradition of modernity and a global space of intellectual engagement. Well into the twenty-first century, the Forum’s legacies continue to shape the moral stances of poets facing disaster at home and the precariousness of statelessness abroad, and extend into forms of civilian solidarity and collective organizing.
Byzantine Adab and Falsafah in 11th Century Antioch
Authors: Noble Samuel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Both medieval Arab historians and modern Byzantinists have generally ignored the Arabophone cultural life of Antioch during its period under Byzantine rule from 969–1084 CE, preferring to equate Christian rule with Greek culture. Nevertheless, lay intellectuals closely connected to the Melkite Patriarchate of Antioch were active in promoting the translation of Greek patristic works into Arabic during this period. This article examines the career of the deacon ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Faḍl al-Anṭākī, whose translations, compilations, and original works evince close familiarity with contemporary intellectual trends in Baghdad and a desire to produce translations of high literary quality. Moreover, in Ibn al-Faḍl’s criticisms of local philosophers who had strayed from Christian dogma, we find further evidence for Byzantine Antioch as a center of Arabic literary and philosophical activity.
“Our Sultan Must Preserve His Religion, Just as You Preserve Your Own”: Al-Ghazzāl and the Re-Forging of Islamic Diplomacy in Eighteenth-Century Morocco
Authors: Kitlas Peter 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aḥmed al-Ghazzāl served as the Moroccan court’s diplomatic negotiator with Spain between 1766 and 1775. In this role, he communicated regularly with his Spanish counterpart, the Marqués de Grimaldi, leaving behind nearly forty official letters, an unparalleled number in the Moroccan royal archives – the Mudīriyyat al-Wathā’iq al-Malakiyya (MWM). Nevertheless, al-Ghazzāl’s career is consistently overshadowed by his abrupt dismissal from the court of Muḥammad III (r. 1757–1790). Putting into conversation al-Ghazzāl’s letters and a riḥla (travelogue) he composed, in which he describes his 1766 mission to Spain, this article reconsiders al-Ghazzāl’s role in articulating Moroccan diplomatic practice and thought through his advocacy for commensurable inter-religious diplomacy. It demonstrates that a focus on al-Ghazzāl’s Islamic conceptual frameworks and terminologies offers a way to explore non-European diplomatic practices, shedding light on a more diverse group of early modern diplomatic thinkers.