bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Motivasi Bekerja Guru Melalui Program Supervisi
Authors: Darji Darji 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah, dimana tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ntuk meningkatkan motivasi kerja Guru di SMP Negeri 2 Suruh, Kabupaten Semarang. Dari data awal diketahui bahwa dari 26 orang guru di SMP Negeri 2 Suruh, 9 guru diantaranya memiliki tingkat motivasi kerja yang tergolong rendah dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 42,11 (38,99%). Penelitian tindakan ini dilakukan terhadap 9 guru yang memiliki motivasi kerja rendah. Pada siklus I terjadi peningkatan skor Motivasi kerja guru sebesar 17,44 (44,74%) dari sebelumnya (pra siklus) yang kemudian mengalami peningkatan lagi sebesar 25,22 (45,74%) dari siklus I ke siklus II. Kemudian dari nilai supervisi guru mengalami peningkatan dari pra siklus ke siklus I sebesar 0,56 dengan persentase sebesar 1,16%. Selanjutnya terjadi peningkatan lagi dari siklus I ke siklus II yaitu sebesar 4,22 dengan persentase 8,74%. Yang terakhir pada observasi tentang sikap guru didapatkan hasil bahwa terjadi peningkatan sikap guru yang positif sebesar 2,22 atau 20,83% dari siklus I ke siklus II.
Life in a Contaminated Environment: How Soil Nematodes Can Indicate Long-Term Heavy-Metal Pollution
Authors: Renčo Marek , Čerevková Andrea , Hlava Jakub 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigated the genera, trophic groups, and functional guilds of soil nematodes at five alluvial meadows along the Litavka River in the Czech Republic to assess their usefulness as indicators of heavy metal pollution in soils. The Litavka River flows around the waste-sedimentation pond of a smelter in the city of Příbram in the Central Bohemian Region. Lead, zinc, and arsenic are the main pollutants in the soils in the vicinity of the smelter. The alluvial meadows closest to the pond and mine waste were the most heavily polluted sites, and contamination decreased downstream along the river with increasing distance from the sources of pollution. The nematode communities were sensitive to pollution, with the most contaminated sites having considerably fewer nematode individuals, fewer genera, and a less diverse and more degraded food web with less nematode biomass. Arsenic, lead, and zinc contents were significantly negatively correlated with the numbers of bacterivores, predators, omnivores, plant parasites, and fungivores, which were significantly less abundant at highly polluted sites. This correlation suggests that nematode groups with higher c-p values, and those with c-p 1 and 2 designations, can be useful indicators of high heavy-metal contamination in areas polluted for a long time. In contrast, the abundance of c-p 3 plant parasitic nematodes was positively correlated with copper, nickel, and zinc contents and with soil-moisture content in the alluvial meadows. Maturity index (MI) and MI2-5 were the most sensitive indices of the degree of disturbance of the soil ecosystem, with enrichment index, structure index, and basal index indicating the altered decomposition channels and diminished structure of the food web.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PUTUSAN HAKIM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH BUPATI (Studi Putusan Nomor 6/Pid-Sus-TPK/2020/PN.Tjk)
Authors: Almega Debby Wulandari , Susanti Ino , Terina Tian 
Published: November 2022

Tindak pidana korupsi adalah setiap perbuatan seseorang atau badan hukum yang melawan hukum melakukan perbuatan memperkaya diri sendiri atau orang lain atau suatu badan yang secara langsung merugikan keuangan negara dan atau perekonomian negara dan atau diketahui patut disangka olehnya bahwa perbuatan tersebut merugikan keuangan negara. Salah satu kasus contoh kasus terjadi di Kabupaten Lampung Utara sebagaimana telah diputus oleh Hakim melalui putusan nomor 6/Pid.Sus-TPK/2020/PN.Tjk. penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai analisis yuridis terhadap putusan hakim dalam menangani perkara tindak pidana korupsi tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yurdis normatif dan yuridis empiris.
Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: pertama, pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan No.6/Pid. Sus-TPK/2020/PN.Tjk didasarkan atas beberapa pertimbangan, yakni berpedoman pada surat dakwaan dan didasarkan keterangan saksi dan alat bukti yang ada. 2. Ringannya hukuman yang merupakan kebijakan hakim dinilai akan mempersuram pemberantasan korupsi di Indonesia. Saran agar kiranya hakim dapat mempertimbangkan juga aspek yang memberatkan pelaku.
KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENIPUAN DALAM RANGKA PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA (Studi Putusan Nomor : 323/Pid.B/2021/PN TJK)
Authors: Effendi Ezma , Januri Januri , Yusnandi Yudi 
Published: November 2022

Pasal 378 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana menegaskan bahwa seseorang yang melakukan kejahatan penipuan diancam dengan sanksi pidana. Walaupun demikian masih dirasa kurang efektif dalam penegakkan terhadap pelanggarnya. Salah satu kasus yang terjadi sebagaimana dalam Putusan Nomor 323/Pid.B/2021/PN.Tjk. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana penipuan saat ini ditinjau dari Putusan Nomor 323/Pid.B/2021/PN.Tjk dan bagaimana kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana dimasa akan datang. Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian hukum deskriptif kualitatif melalui pendekatan normatif dan empiris. Jenis data yang di perlukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi lapangan dan studi kepustakaan.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana penipuan saat ini sebagaimana terdapat dalam Putusan Nomor 323/Pid.B/2021/PN.Tjk adalah dengan cara menyusun Rancangan Undang-Undang KUHP dengan menggunakan kajian komparatif dengan membandingkan aturan hukum yang mengatur tentang tindak pidana penipuan pada masa sekarang yang semakin meningkat maka dibutuhkan ketegasan dalam paya pemberantasannya. Kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana dimasa akan datang adalah dengan cara mengupayakan penyelesaian secara non penal dengan menggunakan pendekatan pembaruan budaya hukum yang menekankan pada perubahan kultur, moralitas dan perilaku.
PENYELESAIAN WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN SIMPAN PINJAM BAGI USAHA KECIL MENENGAH PADA KOPERASI TRI SATYA DHARMA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Sugiarto Yogi , Idham Idham , Terina Tian 
Published: November 2022

Koperasi Tri Satya Dharma sebagai sarana simpan pinjam guna membantu perekonomian kecil dan menengah. Pelaksanaan perjanjian pinjam meminjam yang dilakukan antara Koperasi Tri Satya Dharma dengan anggota didasarkan pada perjanjian sebagai aturan yang telah disepakati. Permasalahan dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimanakah penyelesaian wanprestasi dalam perjanjian simpan pinjam bagi usaha kecil menengah pada Koperasi Tri Satya Dharma Bandar Lampung? dan Apakah faktor penghambat penyelesaian wanprestasi dalam perjanjian simpan pinjam bagi usaha kecil menengah pada Koperasi Tri Satya Dharma Bandar Lampung? Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian hukum deskriptif kualitatif melalui pendekatan normatif dan empiris. Jenis data yang di perlukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi lapangan dan studi kepustakaan.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penyelesaian nasabah yang dalam keadaan wanprestasi terhadap Koperasi Tri Satya Dharma Bandar Lampung dapat dibebani untuk memenuhi perjanjian atau dibatalkannyaa perjanjian disertai dengan penggantian biaya, kerugian dan bunga, tetapi pada prakteknya atau kebiasaannya tidak membayar seluruhnya. Faktor penghambat dalam penyelesaian Wanprestasi pada KSP Tri Satya Dharma Bandar Lampung yaitu disebabkan karena usaha yang dibuat oleh nasabah (yang meminjam uang) telah bangkrut. Jadi tentunya nasabah itu tidak mempunyai penghasilan untuk membayar angsurannya. Saran yang dapat diberikan seharusnya dalam perjanjian kredit pada KSP Tri Satya Dharma Bandar Lampung peminjaman dengan menggunakan jaminan harus tetap dipertahankan. Dan apabila nasabah ada yang lalai dalam pengembalian uang, pihak koperasi harus tegas dalam menangani hal ini. Karena supaya nasabah tidak semena-mena dengan peminjaman uang. Diharapkan pihak KSP Tri Satya Dharma Bandar Lampung dapat memberi pelatihan kepada nasabah agar tidak terjadi lagi kejadian serupa (wanpresasi).
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PPAT TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PEMALSUAN DOKUMEN (Studi Di Polresta Bandar Lampung Dan Ppat Wilayah Kota Bandar Lampung)
Authors: Desmarini Ainun , Maulidiana Lina , Rusjana Muhamad 
Published: November 2022

Dalam menjalankan tugasnya, Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) harus tetap teliti supaya tidak menemui masalah yang dapat membahayakan profesinya. Salah satu permasalahan yang sering terjadi adalah dipalsukannya dokumen berupa KTP maupun sertifikat lainnya oleh pengguna jasa PPAT. Dengan demikian penting untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap PPAT pada pelaksanaan jual beli tanah dalam hal adanya dokumen yang dipalsukan oleh pemohon serta faktor penghambat perlindungan hukum terhadap PPAT pada pelaksanaan jual beli tanah dalam hal adanya dokumen yang dipalsukan oleh pemohon.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris. Jenis data yang di perlukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi lapangan dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap PPAT pada pelaksanaan jual beli tanah dalam hal adanya dokumen yang dipalsukan oleh pemohon adalah menekankan pola preventif yaitu dengan memperhatikan prinsip kehati-hatian, ketelitian, serta menjunjung tinggi kejujuran, moralitas serta tidak melupakan profesionalitas. Penyelesaian tindak pidana pemalsuan dokumen dalam jual beli tanah yang dalam hal ini dilakukan oleh penghadap PPAT bisa dijatuhi pidana telah menyuruh memasukan keterangan palsu identitas, dokumen, data palsu kepada PPAT kedalam akta otentik. PPAT yang telah melaksanakan tugas dan kewajibannya sebagaimana tersebut diatas tidak bisa/dalam arti tidak dibenarkan menurut hukum untuk mempertanggungjawabkan atas akta para pihak/partij akte yang dibuat.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PEMBERIAN ASIMILASI BAGI NARAPIDANA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Imanuddin Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

Pelaksanaan asimilasi bagi narapidana di masa pandemi merupakan implementasi dari Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 32 Tahun 2020 tentang Tata Cara Pemberian Asimilasi, Pembebasan Bersyarat, Cuti Sebelum Bebas dan Cuti Bersyarat Bagi Narapidana dan Anak Dalam Rangka Pencegahan dan Mengatasi Penyebaran. Permasalahan dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan asimilasi bagi narapidana selama masa Pandemi? dan apa saja faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan asimilasi bagi narapidana selama masa Pandemi?
Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Jenis data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder dengan sumber data meliputi data sekunder, data primer dan data tersier. Pengumpulan kepustakaan dilakukan dengan cara studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan, dan pengolahan data dilakukan dengan seleksi data dan klasifikasi data. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan asimilasi bagi warga binaan selama Pandemi cukup efektif sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 32 Tahun 2020. Dalam Pelaksanaan Asimilasi Narapidana di Masa Pandemi, terdapat masih terdapat kendala yaitu kendala dari faktor internal artinya kendala dari dalam diri narapidana itu sendiri seperti pelanggaran disiplin dan faktor eksternal sarana sarana yang berasal dari luar narapidana seperti tidak adanya keluarga yang menjamin dan orang yang mau menerima narapidana.
RESULTS OF THE FIRST STAGE OF CLINICAL AUDIT IN THE UROLOGY DEPARTMENTS OF HEALTH CARE FACILITIES IN LVIV
Authors: Gutor Taras , Zimenkovsky Andriy 
Published: November 2022

Aim. The research aims at improving the quality of rendering medical care in the urology departments of health care facilities by conducting the clinical audit with advanced study of causes of dissatisfaction of patients with the medical service provided.
Material and Methods. Sociological research included the questioning of 405 patients who were treated in the urology departments of the municipal nonprofit enterprise of the Lviv Regional Council "Clinical Emergency Hospital". The respondents estimated the quality of providing health care in the sphere of medical service, informational content, financing, the quality of diagnosis and treatment. Methods of structural-logical analysis, systemic approach and analysis, calculation of mean and relative values, calculation of satisfaction index with services provided are used in this work.
Results and Discussion. The determination of the level of respondents' satisfaction with inpatient treatment showed that, in total, that the number of dissatisfied among the interviewed were 7.16±1.28 % persons. The focus-group of such persons was singled out: patients of active working age, financially - able, mainly with higher education, most often with diagnosis of urolithiasis, who suffered from pain syndrome, with late appealing for medical care (more than 24 hours), they were operated on and waited for the quick results of treatment, even despite the positive final result of treatment. These patients demanded more attention of a doctor, were dissatisfied with the work of paramedical personnel, conflicted with ward neighbors, had claims to availability and quality of medical equipment, sanitary state of premises of the department.
Conclusions. The results of the clinical audit targeting the satisfaction of patients with medical services provided as one of the forms of receiving the patient feedback concerning the quality of medical aid, point out, on one hand, the appropriate level of availability of services, interpersonal attitudes, infrastructure, execution of technical demands as to quality and standard compliance by the staff of department. While, on the other hand, the audit results indicate the presence of dissatisfied with some certain services in the department. The focus-groups of dissatisfied make it possible to take into account the personal approaches in rendering medical aid to such categories of population, that in total will improve and increase the quality of providing medical services. Basing on the results of clinical audit, the recommendations as to the perfection of medical care management in the urology departments of health care facilities.
ANALYSIS OF X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC SERVICE ACTIVITIES IN LVIV REGION FOR THE PERIOD OF 2015-2020 YEARS
Authors: Shcherbata Halyna , Kovalska Oksana 
Published: November 2022

The aim of this work was to assess the current state of the X-ray diagnostic service in the Lviv region, namely, to identify existing problems and elaboration of ways to solve them.
Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of the current state of the X-ray diagnostic service in the Lviv region was carried out in comparison with the data throughout Ukraine for 2015-2020 years. The information was received according to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.
Results and Discussion. Analysis of changes in the total number of X-ray diagnostic apparatuses in the Lviv region for 2015-2020 years showed a slight downward trend in their number. Thus, as of the end of 2020 year, the total number of such apparatuses on the balance of regional health care institutions was equal to 452 units, which is 7,38% less than in 2015year. In the Lviv region and in Ukraine as a whole, there was a decrease in the number of devices of X-ray image amplifiers (X-ray IA) ((by -10,96% and -5,28%) and fluorographs (by -23,08% and - 17,49% respectively). At the same time, there was a significant increase of angiographic apparatuses (by +66,67% and +81,54%), CT scanners (by+40,00% and +26,32%), and mammography machines (by +33,33% and +12,46% respectively). The number of carried-out diagnostic fluorograms for 1 operating apparatus in the Lviv region during the studied period was decreasing, and the same trend persisted in 2020 year as well: Тgrowth2018/2015=-5,07%, Тgrowth2020/2019=-7,64%, just like the quantity of diagnostic fluorograms for one position of a radiologist: Тgrowth2018/2015=-11,76%, Тgrowth2020/2019=-20,78%. While the number of CT per one operating device and on one position of a radiologist in the Lviv region for the last 5 years significantly increased and in 2020 year was equal to 10605 studies /1 device and 220 studies/1 physician, but only in the last year, the growth was by +29,16% and +41,03%, although the number of operating tomographs remained unchanged for the last 5 years (n=5). Such a significant positive trend is explained by intensive work of the X-ray diagnostic service during the Cоvid-19 pandemic.
Conclusions. The decreased frequency of the fluorographic and radiological studies and the increase of the number of diagnostic CT scanners in the Lviv region have been determined. A number of problems in the work of the X-ray diagnostic service have been identified, the most important of which are the significant overload of radiologists, particularly, during the Cоvid-19 pandemic and lack of modern equipment. Modern healthcare is competitive and therefore, in the conditions of today's needs, the development of the most modern visualization technologies is very important, the key of which are computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the field of radiation diagnostics.
EFFICACY OF PHACOEMULSIFICATION AND PHACOEMULSIFICATION COMBINED WITH GONIOSYNECHIALYSIS IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA: 2-YEARS STUDY
Authors: Novytskyy Igor , Lopadchak Rostyslav 
Published: November 2022

Aim. To study the degree of angle opening and the decrease of intraocular pressure in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) after cataract phacoemulsification and cataract phacoemulsification with goniosynechialysis (phaco + GLS).
Materials and Methods. The study involved 28 patients (28 eyes) with primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma. The patients were divided into two groups, group 1 of 15 patients undergoing phaco with posterior chamber IOL implantation, and group 2 of 13 patients undergoing phaco with IOL implantation and GLS. The patients were followed for 24 months. Phaco was indicated in cases with IOP above 22 mmHg, appositional anterior chamber angle closure, and optic neuropathy; Phaco with GSL was indicated in cases of synechial angle closure and IOP above 22 mmHg
Results. In group 1 after Phaco, postoperative anterior chamber angle opening was >20° in all quadrants. Postoperative IOP after 24 month follow-up it decreased by 32,6 % from the preoperative levels. In group 2 after Phaco+GSL, anterior chamber angle opened at least to 20° in three or more quadrants in all cases. Postoperative IOP after 24 month follow-up it decreased by 33.0% from the preoperative levels.
Conclusions. Thus, phacoemulsification is an efficient procedure for PACG and appositional angle closure, leading to reopening of the anterior chamber angle with significant IOP reduction. Phacoemulsification alone does not lead to reopening of anterior chamber angle in cases with synechial angle closure, necessitating a combined surgery of phacoemulsification with GSL.
METHODICAL APPROACH TO THE DETERMINATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND MONARDA FISTULOSA TINCTURES AS A QUALITY CRITERION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR COMPOSITION AND LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Yezerska Oksana , Hudz Nataliia , Kobylinska Lesya , Filipska Anna , Turkina Vira , Brindza Jan , Wieczorek Piotr Pawel 
Published: November 2022

Aim. The aim of the study was to develop the methodical approach to determine the antioxidant activity of the tinctures of Monarda fistulosa herb and flowers and roots of Echinacea purpurea, as well as to develop their technology in laboratory conditions.
Materials and Methods. The following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, systematization, and comparison for processing of published scientific data on antioxidant activity; method for measuring the particle size of raw herbal materials; maceration and remaceration methods for obtaining the tested tinctures; DPPH test for the valuation of the antioxidant activity of the developed tinctures.
Results and Discussion.
The methodical approach to determining the antioxidant activity of the tinctures of Monarda fistulosa herb and flowers and roots of Echinacea purpurea was elaborated, the essence of which consisted in the selection of the appropriate dilution of the tinctures. Tinctures were prepared with the help of maceration or/and remaceration in laboratory conditions. The ratios of herbal raw materials (HRM) to the final tincture were close to ratios that are widely employed in the pharmaceutical industry, namely 1 to 5 and 1 to 10. The coefficients of alcohol absorption for the roots of Echinacea purpurea (size 2-5 mm), flowers of Echinacea purpurea (size 1-3 mm), herb of Monarda fistulosa (size 0.5-3 mm) were measured. They were measured as 1.2, 2.25, and 5.0 ml/g, respectively, for 70% ethanol. The studies revealed that Echinacea purpurea tinctures are a valuable source of antioxidant compounds. The antioxidant activity of these tinctures was 254.8-815.8 mg rutin-equivalents in 1 L of the tinctures or 1.12-4.43 mg rutin-equivalents in 1 g of the HRM depending on the part of the plant, particle size and extraction type. The antioxidant activity of the tinctures of the Monarda fistulosa herb was equal to 2203.6 mg eq-rutin/L and 20.3 mg eq-rutin/g for the tincture and HRM at a ratio of 1 to 9.5 and 2119.4 mg eq-rutin/L and 9.7 mg eq-rutin/g for the tincture at a ratio of 1 to 4.5.
Conclusions. The approach to the determination of the antioxidant activity of the tested tinctures was elaborated, namely the dilutions of the tinctures were established for the analytical procedure of the determination of the antioxidant activity. Our studies demonstrated that tinctures of Echinacea purpurea contained compounds with antioxidant activity. The tinctures of Monarda fistulosa herb are very rich in compounds with antioxidant properties. The laboratory technology of six tinctures was elaborated. Further studies will be directed at laboratory studies on microorganisms and animals.
CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS IN THE FLOWERING SHOOTS OF SOME Vitex L. SPECIES
Authors: Shanaida Mariia , Holenko Alina 
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The genus Vitex L. counts more than 200 species of shrubs and trees common to subtropical areas of the Earth. Only fruits of Vitex agnus-castus L. are used in official medicine.
The aim of our study was to perform the chromatographic analysis of carboxylic acids in the flowering shoots of three Vitex representatives under their cultivation in Ukraine.
Materials and Methods. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was applied for the analysis of composition and contents of carboxylic acids in the Vitex agnus-castus L., Vitex negundo L. and Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) Hand.-Mazz. flowering shoots.
Results and Discussion. The Vitex agnus-castus raw material contained the most significant amount of short-chained aliphatic acids (2454 mg/kg). Malonic, oxalic, citric, and malic acids noticeably prevailed in all the raw materials. The largest amount of aromatic acids was found in the Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia (3926 mg/kg) flowering shoots. p-Hydroxybenzoic acid dominated among the aromatic acids in the plant raw materials of all species. The most noticeable total content of unsaturated fatty acids was in the Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia (4793 mg/kg).
Conclusions. To summarize the contents of valuable carboxylic acids, the obtained results provide the evidence for the development and further pharmacological study of herbal preparations from the flowering shoots of three Vitex species.