bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microporous Matrimid/PIM‐1 Thin Film Composite Membranes with Narrow Pore Size Distribution used for Molecular Separation in Organic Solvents
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Feng Weilin , Zhang Mengxiao , Wang Xiaohe , Fang Chuanjie , Wang Jianyu , Zhang Lin , Zhu Liping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPolymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are a class of microporous organic materials that contain interconnected pores of less than 2 nm in diameter. Such materials are of great potential used in membranes for molecular separation, such as drug fractionation in pharmaceutical industry. However, the PIMs membranes are often susceptible to low separation selectivity toward different molecules due to their wide pore size distribution. Herein, a linear polyimide, Matrimid, is incorporated with PIM‐1 (a typical member of PIMs) by solution blending, and the blends are dip‐coated onto a polyimide P84 support membrane to prepare thin‐film composite (TFC) membranes to control pore size distribution while keep high microporosity. The component miscibility, pore characteristics, and molecular separation performances of the Matrimid/PIM‐1 TFC membranes are investigated in detail. The Matrimid and PIM‐1 are partially miscible due to their similar Hansen solubility parameters. The Matrimid endows the selective layers (coatings) with narrower pore size distribution due to more compact chain packing. The prepared Matrimid/PIM‐1 TFC membranes show high selectivity for separation of riboflavin (80% of retention) and isatin (only 5% of retention). The developed membranes exhibit great potential for separating molecules with different molecular weights.
The condylar capping for microvascular temporomandibular joint reconstruction: A preliminary study
Authors: Gaggl Alexander , Enzinger Simon , Bürger Heinz , Rasse Michael , Bottini Gian Battista 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDefects of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are often difficult to be reconstructed in the correct dimensions and function. This preliminary study aims to describe a novel technique of condylar reconstruction with a microvascular flap in case of deforming arthrosis of the TMJ: condylar capping.Patients and MethodsFour patients between 22 and 62 years old—three females and one male—with severe unilateral arthrosis of the TMJ underwent condylar capping. All patients had already had a failed conservative treatment, followed by arthroscopy with lysis and lavage and later open surgery with total or subtotal diskectomy combined with a condylar arthroplasty. Nevertheless, their pain was still at level six or more on a visual analogue scale. Moreover, they could eat only soft food. At this stage, they underwent condylar capping using an osteochondral lateral femoral condyle (LFC) flap. The surgical technique and the postoperative management are described in detail. Crucially the attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle to the condylar neck was preserved in all cases. The patients were followed up clinically and by CT scan preoperatively, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.ResultsThe mean height of the reconstructed neo‐condyle was 6.0 mm, the mean width 16.2 mm, and the mean sagittal length 9.8 mm. The follow‐up period ranged from 14 to 64 months. The procedures were uneventful for all patients, and the donor site morbidity was negligible. Twelve months later, the patients were all pain‐free and able to have a regular diet. The TMJ and the knee had a normal range of movement and power. Postoperative imaging demonstrated bone healing and stable and anatomically correct condyle reconstruction.ConclusionsBased on the author's experience, the condylar capping with the LFC appears promising for reconstructing the condylar head in cases of severe osteoarthritis. Preserving the attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle allows a complete restoration of the physiologic range of movement, including protrusion and laterotrusion of the mandible.
A cluster‐randomized controlled trial of automated internet weight‐loss programs in primary care: Role of automated provider feedback
Authors: Tate Deborah F. , Kraschnewski Jennifer L. , Martinez Caitlin , Diamond Molly , Veldheer Susan , Hwang Kevin O. , Lehman Erik B. , Yang Chengwu , Sciamanna Christopher N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveDespite the high prevalence of obesity and associated health risks in the United States adult population, few primary care providers (PCPs) have time and training to provide weight‐management counseling to their patients. This study aims to compare the effect of referral to a comprehensive automated digital weight‐loss program, with or without provider email feedback, with usual care on weight loss in patients with overweight or obesity.MethodsA total of 550 adults (mean [SD], 51.4 [11.2] years, BMI = 35.1 [5.5] kg/m2, 72.0% female) were enrolled through their PCPs (n = 31). Providers were randomly assigned to refer their patients to a 12‐month internet weight‐loss intervention only (IWL), the intervention plus semiautomated feedback from the provider (IWL + PCP), or to usual care (EUC). Weight was measured at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months.ResultsWeight changes (mean [SE]) at 12 months were −0.92 (0.46), −3.68 (0.46), and −3.58 (0.48) kg in the EUC, IWL, and IWL + PCP groups, respectively. Outcomes were significantly different in EUC versus IWL and EUC versus IWL + PCP (p < 0.001), but not in IWL versus IWL + PCP.ConclusionsReferral by PCPs to an automated weight‐loss program holds promise for patients with obesity. Future research should explore ways to further promote accountability and adherence.
Inflammasomes: Cause or consequence of obesity‐associated comorbidities in humans
Authors: Herrera‐Martínez Aura D. , Herrero‐Aguayo Vicente , Pérez‐Gómez Jesús M. , Gahete Manuel D. , Luque Raúl M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInflammasomes are multiprotein intracellular complexes composed of innate immune system receptors and sensors; they activate the inflammatory cascade in response to infectious microbes and/or molecules derived from host proteins. Because of cytokine secretion, inflammasomes can induce amplified systemic responses, its dysregulation can exacerbate symptoms in infectious diseases, and it has been related to the development of autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders, and even cancer. Obesity is associated with a chronic low‐grade inflammation, in which circulating proinflammatory cytokines are elevated. Some publications describe changes in inflammation markers as a consequence of obesity, but others suggest that chronic inflammation might cause obesity (e.g., C‐reactive protein): these assumptions reflect the difficulty of identifying the appropriate role of inflammation as cause or consequence of obesity and its related complications. Obesity is recognized as a clinical risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. Changes in the expression of inflammasomes are described in some of these obesity‐related complications, and moreover, its modulation might exert a beneficial effect in some cases. Despite some contradictory results, most publications suggest a promising clinical effect based on in vitro and in vivo experiments. In this review, we summarized recent publications about inflammasome dysregulation in humans and its relationship with obesity‐related comorbidities.
Bath‐plug technique for the endoscopic management of cerebrospinal fluid leaks in children
Authors: Yang Xiaojian , Tang Lixing , Wang Pengpeng , Ge Ming , Zhang Wei , Xiao Xiao , Han Yang , Ge Wentong 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTImportanceThe safety and efficacy of the bath‐plug technique for the closure of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in children remain unknown.ObjectiveWe undertook this study to ascertain whether the bath‐plug technique was safe and effective for the repair of CSF leaks.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent endoscopic repair of CSF leaks with the fat graft as a plug‐in at Beijing Children's Hospital from March 2016 to May 2020. Demographic data, medical history, defect sites and sizes, interventions, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. One representative clinical case was additionally selected to highlight the procedure and the healing process.ResultsA total of 18 pediatric patients were included in this study. The group was composed of 11 boys and seven girls, aged from 5 to 123 months. The etiologies included congenital CSF leaks (n = 9) and head trauma (n = 9). Among all patients, 12 fistulas (66.7%) were located at the cribriform plate area, two (11.1%) at the roof of the ethmoid sinuses, two (11.1%) in the sphenoid sinus, and two (11.1%) at the frontal sinus. The maximum diameters of fistulas ranged from 5 to 20 mm, with a median value of 8 mm. Encephaloceles were identified in 14 (77.8%) patients. No hydrocephalus was recognized. All CSF leaks were successfully repaired with a bath‐plug technique. Follow‐up ranged from 50 to 70 months. No surgical complications were encountered in any patient.InterpretationBath‐plug technique is safe and reliable for the endoscopic management of CSF leaks in children. Meticulous peri‐operative preparations are important for pediatric patients.
Cationic bottlebrush brush polymers via sequential SI‐ROMP and SI‐ARGET‐ATRP
Authors: Poisson Jade , Christopherson Cheyenne J , Hudson Zachary M 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHere we describe a facile approach to preparing cationic bottlebrush brush polymers via sequential surface‐initiated (SI) ring‐opening metathesis polymerization and SI activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization. These techniques afforded both bottlebrush polymer brushes and their linear polymer brush analogues with cationic triphenylphosphonium pendant groups. Utilization of two controlled polymerization techniques with orthogonal requirements for monomers and additives allowed the polymerization of the backbone and the pendant side chains to be controlled independently. Grafting polymer side chains to a polymer brush backbone resulted in a thickness increase of ca 70%, indicating that the polymers are forced into a stretched conformation with greater surface coverage than was afforded by the linear brush polymers. As a result of the stretched conformation, greater ionic conductivity in the bottlebrush brush architectures was observed. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Performance evaluation of IEC 60891:2021 procedures for correcting I–V curves of photovoltaic modules under healthy and faulty conditions
Authors: Li Baojie , Diallo Demba , Migan‐Dubois Anne , Delpha Claude 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCorrection of PV modules' current–voltage characteristics (I–V curves) is essential before they can be used for performance analysis and fault diagnosis under real‐life conditions. IEC 60891 (version 2021) has updated Procedure 2 and proposed a new correction Procedure 4 compared to the 2009 version. This study aims to analyze the performance of these new procedures applied to I–V curves of faulty PV modules. The work is based on an mc‐Si PV module considering healthy and four common fault conditions with varying fault severity. The irradiance and temperature measured in the field are used to generate I–V curves. The correction procedures of IEC 60891 (version 2021) based on a single curve (Procedures 1, 2, and 4) are evaluated. Environmental factors such as measurement season and irradiation level on the correction performance are studied. The results show that Procedure 2 is relatively better with the relative root‐mean‐square error of the curve current as 2.6% compared to Procedure 1 (2.8%) and Procedure 4 (4.8%). Experimental tests using real I–V curves also show that Procedure 2 exhibits better robustness of correction. The new Procedure 4, whose correction coefficients are determined dynamically, performs poorly under partial shading and short‐circuit bypass conditions. However, it achieves similar or better performance than Procedures 1 and 2 under degraded conditions, where the PV fault is generally not easy to detect, making the I–V correction more necessary. It is, therefore, a promising alternative correction procedure when it is difficult to determine the correction coefficients in advance. Finally, the pros and cons of the procedures are discussed with the suggestion of correction procedures under different conditions. The challenges and prospects are also provided.
Effects of a ritonavir‐containing regimen on the pharmacokinetics of sirolimus or everolimus in healthy adult subjects
Authors: Zha Jiuhong , Jiang Qi , Yao Betty B. , Cohen Daniel E. , Carter David C. , Menon Rajeev M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe immunosuppressive agents sirolimus and everolimus are sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with narrow therapeutic index. Ritonavir is a strong CYP3A inhibitor. A phase 1 study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of the co‐administration of sirolimus or everolimus with the ritonavir‐containing 3D regimen of the direct‐acting antiviral agents ombitasvir, ritonavir‐boosted paritaprevir, and dasabuvir in healthy subjects. This study had two independent arms, each with a two‐period, single‐sequence, crossover study design. A single dose of sirolimus 2 mg (N = 12) or everolimus 0.75 mg (N = 12) was administered in Period 1. In Period 2, multiple doses of the 3D regimen (ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir 25/150/100 mg once daily and dasabuvir 250 mg twice daily) were administered for 34 or 28 days, with a single dose of sirolimus 0.5 mg or everolimus 0.75 mg co‐administered on Day 15. Following co‐administration with the 3D regimen, the sirolimus dose‐normalized maximum observed blood concentration (Cmax) and area under the blood concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity (AUCinf) increased to 6.4‐fold and 38‐fold, respectively. Following co‐administration with the 3D regimen, the everolimus Cmax and AUCinf increased to 4.7‐fold and 27‐fold, respectively. Sirolimus and everolimus half‐lives increased from 96 to 249 h, and 42 to 118 h, respectively. There were no major safety or tolerability issues in this study. The ritonavir‐containing 3D regimen resulted in a significant increase in sirolimus or everolimus exposure, consistent with the known strong inhibitory effect of ritonavir on CYP3A requiring dose and/or frequency modification when co‐administered with each other.
High‐resolution ion mobility spectrometry–mass spectrometry for isomeric separation of prostanoids after Girard's reagent T derivatization
Authors: Lamont Lieke , Hadavi Darya , Bowman Andrew P. , Flinders Bryn , Cooper‐Shepherd Dale , Palmer Martin , Jordens Jan , Mengerink Ynze , Honing Maarten , Langridge James , Porta Siegel Tiffany , Vreeken Rob J. , Heeren Ron M. A. 
Published: November 2022

RationaleIsomeric separation of prostanoids is often a challenge and requires chromatography and time‐consuming sample preparation. Multiple prostanoid isomers have distinct in vivo functions crucial for understanding the inflammation process, including prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and D2 (PGD2). High‐resolution ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) based on linear ion transport in low‐to‐moderate electric fields and nonlinear ion transport in strong electric fields emerges as a broad approach for rapid separations prior to mass spectrometry.MethodsDerivatization with Girard's reagent T (GT) was used to overcome inefficient ionization of prostanoids in negative ionization mode due to poor deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group. Three high‐resolution IMS techniques, namely linear cyclic IMS, linear trapped IMS, and nonlinear high‐field asymmetric waveform IMS, were compared for the isomeric separation and endogenous detection of prostanoids present in intestinal tissue.ResultsDirect infusion of GT‐derivatized prostanoids proved to increase the ionization efficiency in positive ionization mode by a factor of >10, which enabled detection of these molecules in endogenous concentration levels. The high‐resolution IMS comparison revealed its potential for rapid isomeric analysis of biologically relevant prostanoids. Strengths and weaknesses of both linear and nonlinear IMS are discussed. Endogenous prostanoid detection in intestinal tissue extracts demonstrated the applicability of our approach in biomedical research.ConclusionsThe applied derivatization strategy offers high sensitivity and improved stereoisomeric separation for screening of complex biological systems. The high‐resolution IMS comparison indicated that the best sensitivity and resolution are achieved by linear and nonlinear IMS, respectively.
Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of New Iminodihydrofurans Containing Thiazolidinone Ring
Authors: Karapetyan Lusine V. , Tokmajyan Gayane G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe have developed the catalyst‐free and eco‐friendly synthesis of potentially bioactive compounds comprising iminodihydrofuran and thiazolidinone rings by subsequent Michael addition/ heterocyclization and nucleophilic substitution/heterocyclization reactions according to two strategies from iminodihydrofuran thiosemicarbazones. The methodologies are simple, efficient and inexpensive affording good to excellent yields of the polyheteroconjugated products with operational simplicity.
Preparation of High Performance Lithium‐Ion Battery Separators by Double‐Needle Electrospinning
Authors: Zhang Siyuan , Wang Xiang , Liang Jianyu , Gu Jianbo , Feng Xiangyang , Xu Chengze 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTraditional polyolefin separators suffer from poor heat resistance and wettability with electrolyte, which leads to compromised safety and electrical properties of lithium‐ion batteries. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has high thermal stability and good chemical stability, but its high crystallinity leads to low ionic conductivity. In order to solve these problems, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resin was introduced in this paper, and the PVDF/PVA composite separator was prepared by double‐needle electrospinning. The introduction of PVA resin improved its mechanical properties and electrolyte wettability, and ionic conductivity after assembly into a battery. Double‐needle electrospinning process is simple and can preserve the surface properties of fibers, and the prepared composite separator had a high porosity and electrolyte uptake. The composite separator has an ionic conductivity of 2.454 mS ⋅ cm−1, a high capacity retention rate of 97.5 % after 100 charge and discharge cycles, and a capacity retention rate of 86.8 % under 2 C high‐rate discharge. The results show that the battery assembled with PVDF/PVA composite separator has high safety performance and electrical performance, and has application prospects.
Systems approach in dynamic capabilities
Authors: Liboni Lara Bartocci , Cezarino Luciana Oranges , Donaires Omar Sacilotto , Zollo Maurizio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ontology of dynamic capabilities (DCs) is grounded in a systemic perspective of organisational strategy. In a controversial move, DCs theory adopts systems thinking as a metaphorical reference, not a possible research method. Systemic methodologies can provide a holistic management perception and guide managers to develop DCs differently, considering the deliberate learning and design process as a non‐linear dynamism of causal loops. Calling attention to the conceptual origins, this work proposes a framework based on systemic methodologies to manage and develop organisational DCs. Based on two different systemic methodologies, the viable system model (VSM) and soft systems methodology (SSM), we integrate the systems approach of learning and design into DCs management guidelines.
Fatigue lives of self compacting concrete containing recycled concrete aggregates and blended cements
Authors: Saini Babanpreet Singh , Singh Surinder Pal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn effort has been made to enhance the flexural fatigue lives of self compacting concrete (SCC) in which half of the natural aggregates (NA) were substituted with recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) by means of blended cements. Blended SCC mixes containing either silica fume (SF) or metakaolin (MK) along with cement, and fly ash (FA) was also adopted. Fatigue lives have been evaluated as mean value, design value life and theoretical value. The Weibull distribution parameters were utilized for the valuation of mean and design values of fatigue lives for different considered mixes. It has been observed that adding RCA in SCC causes degradation in the fatigue lives, which can be enhanced by adopting the blended mixture comprising of SF or MK, cement and FA. Both SF and MK established a promising result in improving fatigue lives. Still, the blend of MK in SCC contributed most effectively in enhancing the fatigue life of SCC comprising RCA.
Toxicokinetics, dose–response, and risk assessment of nanomaterials: Methodology, challenges, and future perspectives
Authors: Chen Qiran , Riviere Jim E. , Lin Zhoumeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rapid growth of nanomaterial applications has raised safety concerns for human health. A number of studies have been conducted to assess the toxicokinetics, toxicology, dose–response, and risk assessment of different nanomaterials using in vitro and in vivo animal and human models. However, current studies cannot meet the demand for efficient assessment of toxicokinetics, dose–response relationships, or the toxicological risk arising from the rapidly increasing number of newly synthesized nanomaterials. In this article, we review the methods for conducting toxicokinetics, hazard identification, dose–response, exposure, and risk assessment studies of nanomaterials, identify the knowledge gaps, and discuss the challenges remaining. We provide the rationale behind the appropriate design of nanomaterial plasma toxicokinetic and tissue distribution studies, including caveats on the interpretation and correlation of in vitro and in vivo toxicology studies. The potential of using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to extrapolate toxicokinetic and toxicity findings from in vitro to in vivo and from animals to humans is discussed, and the knowledge gaps of PBPK modeling for nanomaterials are identified. While challenges still exist, there has been progress in the toxicokinetics, hazard identification, and risk assessment of nanomaterials in the past two decades. Recent advancements in the field are highlighted with relevant examples. We also share latest guidelines as well as our perspectives on future studies needed to characterize the toxicokinetics, toxicity, and dose–response relationship in support of nanomaterial risk assessment.This article is categorized under:
Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials
Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Regulatory and Policy Issues in Nanomedicine