bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Predictors of Adverse Events Among Initially Stable ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Amon Jaihoon , Wong Graham C. , Lee Terry , Singer Joel , Cairns John , Shavadia Jay S. , Granger Christopher , Gin Kenneth , Wang Tracy Y. , van Diepen Sean , Fordyce Christopher B. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Cardiac intensive care units were originally created in the prerevascularization era for the early recognition of ventricular arrhythmias following a myocardial infarction. Many patients with stable ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are still routinely triaged to cardiac intensive care units after a primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), independent of clinical risk or the provision of critical care therapies. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with in‐hospital adverse events in a hemodynamically stable, postreperfusion population of patients with STEMI.

Methods and Results
Between April 2012 and November 2019, 2101 consecutive patients with STEMI who received pPCI in the Vancouver Coastal Health Authority were evaluated. Patients were stratified into those with and without subsequent adverse events, which were defined as cardiogenic shock, in‐hospital cardiac arrest, stroke, re‐infarction, and death. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine predictors of adverse events. After excluding patients presenting with cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, or heart failure, the final analysis cohort comprised 1770 stable patients with STEMI who had received pPCI. A total of 94 (5.3%) patients developed at least one adverse event: cardiogenic shock 55 (3.1%), in‐hospital cardiac arrest 42 (2.4%), death 28 (1.6%), stroke 21 (1.2%), and re‐infarction 5 (0.3%). Univariable predictors of adverse events were older age, female sex, prior stroke, chronic kidney disease, and atrial fibrillation. There was no significant difference in reperfusion times between those with and without adverse events. Following multivariable adjustment, moderate to severe chronic kidney disease (creatinine clearance <44 mL/min; 13% of cohort) was associated with adverse events (odds ratio 2.24 [95% CI, 1.12–4.48]) independent of reperfusion time, age, sex, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, and prior myocardial infarction/PCI/coronary artery bypass grafting.

Conclusions
Only 1 in 20 initially stable patients with STEMI receiving pPCI developed an in‐hospital adverse event. Moderate to severe chronic kidney disease independently predicted the risk of future adverse events. These results indicate that the majority of patients with STEMI who receive pPCI may not require routine admission to a cardiac intensive care unit following reperfusion.
Government Regulation and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Volume, Access and Outcomes: Insights From the Washington State Cardiac Care Outcomes Assessment Program
Authors: Kataruka Akash , Maynard Charles C. , Hira Ravi S. , Dean Larry , Dardas Todd , Gurm Hitinder , Brown Josiah , Ring Michael E. , Doll Jacob A. 
Published: September 2022

Background
It is unclear how to geographically distribute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) programs to optimize patient outcomes. The Washington State Certificate of Need program seeks to balance hospital volume and patient access through regulation of elective PCI.

Methods and Results

We performed a retrospective cohort study of all non‐Veterans Affairs hospitals with PCI programs in Washington State from 2009 to 2018. Hospitals were classified as having (1) full PCI services and surgical backup (
legacy
hospitals, n=17); (2) full services without surgical backup (
new certificate of need [CON]
hospitals, n=9); or (3) only nonelective PCI without surgical backup (
myocardial infarction [MI] access
hospitals, n=9). Annual median hospital‐level volumes were highest at
legacy
hospitals (605, interquartile range, 466–780), followed by
new CON
, (243, interquartile range, 146–287) and
MI access
, (61, interquartile range, 23–145). Compared with
MI access
hospitals, risk‐adjusted mortality for nonelective patients was lower for
legacy
(odds ratio [OR], 0.59 [95% CI, 0.48–0.72]) and
new‐CON
hospitals (OR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.45–0.65]).
Legacy
hospitals provided access within 60 minutes for 90% of the population; addition of
new CON
and
MI access
hospitals resulted in only an additional 1.5% of the population having access within 60 minutes.

Conclusions
Many PCI programs in Washington State do not meet minimum volume standards despite regulation designed to consolidate elective PCI procedures. This CON strategy has resulted in a tiered system that includes low‐volume centers treating high‐risk patients with poor outcomes, without significant increase in geographic access. CON policies should re‐evaluate the number and distribution of PCI programs.
EmPHasis‐10 Health‐Related Quality of Life and Exercise Capacity in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension After Balloon Angioplasty
Authors: Sakamoto Hayato , Goda Ayumi , Tobita Kazuki , Takeuchi Kaori , Kikuchi Hanako , Inami Takumi , Tamura Yuichi , Kohno Takashi , Yamada Shin , Soejima Kyoko , Satoh Toru 
Published: September 2022

Background
Whether pulmonary hemodynamic parameters and functional capacity are associated with quality of life in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate disease‐specific quality of life using the emPHasis‐10 questionnaire and assess its determinants in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension with normalized pulmonary hemodynamics.

Methods and Results

This cross‐sectional study included 187 health status assessments of 143 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (median age, 68 [58–75] years; men/women, 51/136; use of home oxygen therapy, 51 patients [27%]) after balloon pulmonary angioplasty with normalized mean pulmonary artery pressure <25 mm Hg at rest. Right heart catheterization was performed, followed by assessment of 6‐minute walk distance and the emPHasis‐10 questionnaire. The median pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were 18 (15–21) mm Hg and 2.2 (1.7–2.9) wood units, respectively. The median emPHasis‐10 score was 14 (8–24), whereas the median 6‐minute walk distance was 447 (385–517) m. Univariate linear regression analysis showed that the emPHasis‐10 score was associated with 6‐minute walk distance (β=−0.476 [95% CI −0.604, −0.348],
P
<0.001) and home oxygen therapy (β=0.214 [95% CI, 0.072, 0.356],
P
=0.003) but not with hemodynamic parameters. Multiple regression analysis revealed that a higher emPHasis‐10 score was associated with lower 6‐minute walk distance (β=−0.475 [95% CI, −0.631 to −0.319],
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Health‐related quality of life was associated with exercise capacity and the use of home oxygen therapy, but not with hemodynamic parameters, in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and normalized hemodynamics after balloon pulmonary angioplasty. Improvements in exercise capacity may lead to further improvements in quality of life.
Structural re-design of the Animex Wildlife Bridge for the Hazel Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius): lessons learnt from two connectivity mitigation case studies in the UK
Authors: Moffat Darrelle , White Ian , Béga Steve , Aburrow Katherine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Hazel Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) is an arboreal mammal present in Europe and Asia minor. The population is declining in the United Kingdom (UK), partially due to habitat fragmentation caused by the development of linear infrastructure such as roads, railways and pipelines. In 2016, we designed and tested an arboreal bridge in Britain that was proven to be effective for Hazel Dormice. Subsequently, the bridge materials were upgraded to meet the technical standards of UK road agencies, so that it could be approved and implemented as mitigation on projects throughout the UK. In the UK, each bridge must be certified for technical approval by the relevant road authority and as the bridge is a unique structure, this can pose challenges on projects. The national safety standards of UK roads would not allow common methods used for arboreal bridges across the world to be applied, so we needed specialised engineering and design adaptations to be implemented. Two overarching installation designs were created: the standalone bridge and the retrofit bridge. Several bridges have now been installed across roads in the UK and we will be discussing the development and implementation process from two case studies: i) a 40-metre retrofit bridge to an underpass in St Athan, Wales and, ii) two 76+ metre bridges retrofit to an overbridge and underpass on the M1 motorway in Gayhurst, Buckinghamshire. The St Athan project was quickly approved and easily installed while the M1 project required several alterations to the design and installation methods to meet specific project requirements. This paper discusses what we have learned from these projects, how these projects have influenced the future designs of the Animex wildlife bridge and how this could be applied to future arboreal wildlife connectivity bridges across the world.
Something in the Sway: Effects of the Shepard–Risset Glissando on Postural Activity and Vection
Authors: Mursic Rebecca A. , Palmisano Stephen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study investigated claims of disrupted equilibrium when listening to the Shepard–Risset glissando (which creates an auditory illusion of perpetually ascending/descending pitch). During each trial, 23 participants stood quietly on a force plate for 90 s with their eyes either open or closed (30 s pre-sound, 30 s of sound and 30 s post-sound). Their centre of foot pressure (CoP) was continuously recorded during the trial and a verbal measure of illusory self-motion (i.e., vection) was obtained directly afterwards. As expected, vection was stronger during Shepard–Risset glissandi than during white noise or phase-scrambled auditory control stimuli. Individual differences in auditorily evoked postural sway (observed during sound) were also found to predict the strength of this vection. Importantly, the patterns of sway induced by Shepard–Risset glissandi differed significantly from those during our auditory control stimuli — but only in terms of their temporal dynamics. Since significant sound type differences were not seen in terms of sway magnitude, this stresses the importance of investigating the temporal dynamics of sound–posture interactions.
Giving Back to the Community
Authors: Reifsnider Matthew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe question has been asked, what evidence of compassion does one see in the adaptations Asian-Arab Muslims make as minorities in the West? Within certain parameters, Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) has flexibility built into the processes of determining religious and social practices. This can be understood particularly in the concept ofmaslaha, defined as public/community interest, welfare, or well-being. The paper examines how Asian/Arab-American Muslims in Jacksonville, Florida, responded to issues of integration. Traditionally, Muslims definedummahas a world-wide, community of Muslims where their socio-religious, (and fiscal) needs would be met. However, “community” is not a constant, and Muslims living as a minority in the United States have begun to change those models. A contributing factor to that change is the diversity that Muslims experience within both the Islamic networks and in the society surrounding them, after they immigrate to the West. The multiplicity of peoples has created a desire to seek mutual respect and understanding through interfaith initiatives. In order to become a part of the larger society, several mentioned the importance of giving back to the society, being beneficial to those around them. Several projects have been undertaken to be a contributing member of society. A medical center, feeding the homeless, and building homes for the poor are some examples.
Working toward a National Coordinated Soil Moisture Monitoring Network: Vision, Progress, and Future Directions
Authors: Baker C. Bruce , Cosh Michael , Bolten John , Brusberg Mark , Caldwell Todd , Connolly Stephanie , Dobreva Iliyana , Edwards Nathan , Goble Peter E. , Ochsner Tyson E. , Quiring Steven M. , Robotham Michael , Skumanich Marina , Svoboda Mark , White W. Alex , Woloszyn Molly 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Soil moisture is a critical land surface variable, impacting the water, energy, and carbon cycles. While in situ soil moisture monitoring networks are still developing, there is no cohesive strategy or framework to coordinate, integrate, or disseminate these diverse data sources in a synergistic way that can improve our ability to understand climate variability at the national, state, and local levels. Thus, a national strategy is needed to guide network deployment, sustainable network operation, data integration and dissemination, and user-focused product development. The National Coordinated Soil Moisture Monitoring Network (NCSMMN) is a federally led, multi-institution effort that aims to address these needs by capitalizing on existing wide-ranging soil moisture monitoring activities, increasing the utility of observational data, and supporting their strategic application to the full range of decision-making needs. The goals of the NCSMMN are to 1) establish a national “network of networks” that effectively demonstrates data integration and operational coordination of diverse in situ networks; 2) build a community of practice around soil moisture measurement, interpretation, and application—a “network of people” that links data providers, researchers, and the public; and 3) support research and development (R&D) on techniques to merge in situ soil moisture data with remotely sensed and modeled hydrologic data to create user-friendly soil moisture maps and associated tools. The overarching mission of the NCSMMN is to provide coordinated high-quality, nationwide soil moisture information for the public good by supporting applications like drought and flood monitoring, water resource management, agricultural and forestry planning, and fire danger ratings.
The Excessive Rainfall Outlook at the Weather Prediction Center: Operational Definition, Construction, and Real-Time Collaboration
Authors: Burke Patrick C. , Lamers Alex , Carbin Gregory , Erickson Michael J. , Klein Mark , Chenard Marc , McNatt Jennifer , Wood Lance 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Excessive Rainfall Outlook (ERO), issued operationally from the Weather Prediction Center (WPC), serves the Weather and Water Enterprise and decision-makers with probabilistic guidance and messaging context out to 3 days for excessive rainfall leading to impacts, including flash flooding. Eighty-three percent of all flood-related damages and 39% of all flood-related fatalities reported in Storm Data from 2010 to 2020 occurred in or near an ERO High Risk. Given that a High Risk is issued on only 4% of days, the presence of such risk can serve as an important step in raising situational awareness of a greater likelihood of a damaging and deadly flash flood day. This paper details the operational construction of the ERO at WPC and discusses the role of the ERO in the National Weather Service collaborative forecast process for heavy rainfall. Case studies where the ERO achieved a High Risk are presented for the deadly Montecito, California, flash flood and debris flow (2018) and Hurricane Harvey (2017). More broadly, challenges are highlighted which could be overcome by research to further improve ERO utility.
Getting ahead of Flash Drought: From Early Warning to Early Action
Authors: Otkin Jason A. , Woloszyn Molly , Wang Hailan , Svoboda Mark , Skumanich Marina , Pulwarty Roger , Lisonbee Joel , Hoell Andrew , Hobbins Mike , Haigh Tonya , Cravens Amanda E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Flash droughts, characterized by their unusually rapid intensification, have garnered increasing attention within the weather, climate, agriculture, and ecological communities in recent years due to their large environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Because flash droughts intensify quickly, they require different early warning capabilities and management approaches than are typically used for slower-developing “conventional” droughts. In this essay, we describe an integrated research-and-applications agenda that emphasizes the need to reconceptualize our understanding of flash drought within existing drought early warning systems by focusing on opportunities to improve monitoring and prediction. We illustrate the need for engagement among physical scientists, social scientists, operational monitoring and forecast centers, practitioners, and policy-makers to inform how they view, monitor, predict, plan for, and respond to flash drought. We discuss five related topics that together constitute the pillars of a robust flash drought early warning system, including the development of 1) a physically based identification framework, 2) comprehensive drought monitoring capabilities, and 3) improved prediction over various time scales that together 4) aid impact assessments and 5) guide decision-making and policy. We provide specific recommendations to illustrate how this fivefold approach could be used to enhance decision-making capabilities of practitioners, develop new areas of research, and provide guidance to policy-makers attempting to account for flash drought in drought preparedness and response plans.
The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service: From Research to Operations
Authors: Peuch Vincent-Henri , Engelen Richard , Rixen Michel , Dee Dick , Flemming Johannes , Suttie Martin , Ades Melanie , Agustí-Panareda Anna , Ananasso Cristina , Andersson Erik , Armstrong David , Barré Jérôme , Bousserez Nicolas , Dominguez Juan Jose , Garrigues Sébastien , Inness Antje , Jones Luke , Kipling Zak , Letertre-Danczak Julie , Parrington Mark , Razinger Miha , Ribas Roberto , Vermoote Stijn , Yang Xiaobo , Simmons Adrian , Garcés de Marcilla Juan , Thépaut Jean-Noël 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), part of the European Union’s Earth observation program Copernicus, entered operations in July 2015. Implemented by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) as a truly European effort with over 23,500 direct data users and well over 200 million end users worldwide as of March 2022, CAMS delivers numerous global and regional information products about air quality, inventory-based emissions and observation-based surface fluxes of greenhouse gases and from biomass burning, solar energy, ozone and UV radiation, and climate forcings. Access to CAMS products is open and free of charge via the Atmosphere Data Store. The CAMS global atmospheric composition analyses, forecasts, and reanalyses build on ECMWF’s Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) and exploit over 90 different satellite data streams. The global products are complemented by coherent higher-resolution regional air quality products over Europe derived from multisystem analyses and forecasts. CAMS information products also include policy support such as quantitative impact assessment of short- and long-term pollutant-emission mitigation scenarios, source apportionment information, and annual European air quality assessment reports. Relevant CAMS products are cited and used for instance in IPCC Assessment Reports. Providing dedicated support for users operating smartphone applications, websites, or TV bulletins in Europe and worldwide is also integral to the service. This paper presents key achievements of the CAMS initial phase (2014–21) and outlines some of its new components for the second phase (2021–28), e.g., the new Copernicus anthropogenic CO2 emissions Monitoring and Verification Support capacity that will monitor global anthropogenic emissions of key greenhouse gases.
Global Ocean Monitoring and Prediction at NOAA Climate Prediction Center: 15 Years of Operations
Authors: Hu Zeng-Zhen , Xue Yan , Huang Boyin , Kumar Arun , Wen Caihong , Xie Pingping , Zhu Jieshun , Pegion Philip J. , Ren Li , Wang Wanqiu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Climate variability on subseasonal to interannual time scales has significant impacts on our economy, society, and Earth’s environment. Predictability for these time scales is largely due to the influence of the slowly varying climate anomalies in the oceans. The importance of the global oceans in governing climate variability demonstrates the need to monitor and forecast the global oceans in addition to El Niño–Southern Oscillation in the tropical Pacific. To meet this need, the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) initiated real-time global ocean monitoring and a monthly briefing in 2007. The monitoring covers observations as well as forecasts for each ocean basin. In this paper, we introduce the monitoring and forecast products. CPC’s efforts bridge the gap between the ocean observing system and the delivery of the analyzed products to the community. We also discuss the challenges involved in ocean monitoring and forecasting, as well as the future directions for these efforts.
A Road Map to Success of International Field Campaigns in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
Authors: Zhang Chidong , Moore James A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Understanding and predicting Earth’s environment requires information and ­knowledge of detailed physical, chemical, and biological processes directly from observations. Well-organized and properly conducted field campaigns are powerful ways to make such observations. Major international field campaigns with participation from multiple countries bring together expertise and resources to address complex scientific issues that are difficult or impossible to be tackled by a few scientists in a single nation. This article describes the essential elements of international field campaigns, the necessary steps of planning and execution that need to be taken for their success, and other considerations that make international field campaigns successful. The ­intention of this article is to encourage early career professionals to participate in and learn to organize field campaigns in this exciting time of rapidly evolving technological observing capabilities and increasing efforts to seek global diversity, equity, and inclusion in science.