bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bond strength to different CAD/CAM lithium disilicate reinforced ceramics
Authors: Alhomuod Mona , Phark Jin‐Ho , Duarte Sillas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the microstructure and the influence of applying universal adhesive only versus universal adhesive with additional silane application on shear bond strength (SBS) to four different lithium disilicate ceramic (LDC) materials.Material and MethodsSpecimens (n = 240, 1.5 mm thick) cut from four different CAD/CAM materials were polished and etched with 4.5% hydrofluoric (HF) acid according to manufacturers' instructions (20 s: IPS e.max CAD, n!ce; 30 s: Amber Mill, CEREC Tessera). For cementation, either universal adhesive only or silane + universal adhesive were applied before prefabricated composite cylinders were cemented using a dual‐cure resin cement. SBS testing was performed either after 24 h or after 20,000 cycles thermocycling +2 months water storage. Surfaces were analyzed with stereomicroscope for failure mode and with scanning‐electron microscopy for microstructure of the LDC. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with non‐parametric tests at α = 0.001.ResultSBS values for non‐aged specimens ranged from 29.08 to 17.87 MPa and for aged specimens from 22.24 to 3.01 MPa. SBS was significantly reduced when silane was omitted after aging, (p < 0.001). Failure mode was mostly mixed with some cohesive failures in the LDC.ConclusionBond strengths are highly affected by the CAD/CAM LDC and their microstructures. The application of silane after hydrofluoric etching is still essential to obtain long‐term bonding, irrespective of the presence of silane in the universal adhesive. Water degradation can significantly affect long‐term bonding to novel LDC.Clinical SignificanceWhen using a universal adhesive for bonding to LDC restorations, the best long‐term bond is achieved if an additional application of silane precedes the universal adhesive.
3D microscopy in industrial measurements
Authors: You Xiaoyu , Liu Jing , Li Yifei , Jiang Yong , Liu Jian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuality control is essential to ensure the performance and yield of microdevices in industrial processing and manufacturing. In particular, 3D microscopy can be considered as a separate branch of microscopic instruments and plays a pivotal role in monitoring processing quality. For industrial measurements, 3D microscopy is mainly used for both the inspection of critical dimensions to ensure the design performance and detection of defects for improving the yield of microdevices. However, with the progress of advanced manufacturing technology and the increasing demand for high‐performance microdevices, 3D microscopy has ushered in new challenges and development opportunities, such as breakthroughs in diffraction limit, 3D characterisation and calibrations of critical dimensions, high‐precision detection and physical property determination of defects, and application of artificial intelligence. In this review, we provide a comprehensive survey about the state of the art and challenges in 3D microscopy for industrial measurements, and provide development ideas for future research. By describing techniques and methods with their advantages and limitations, we provide guidance to researchers and developers about the most suitable technique available for their intended industrial measurements.
An examination of personality expression in everyday life in a Canadian sample of racialized undergraduate students
Authors: Chung Joanne M. , Harris Kelci , Zhang Stella , Adel Marim , Lafci Feyza , Debrosse Régine , Hoggard Lori S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere is a growing body of research regarding the situations that are linked to personality expression in daily life. We examined racialized young adults' experiences of racial and ethnic cues, and variables from prior personality expression research.MethodWe assessed Big Five personality states in racialized undergraduate students (N = 180) in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada using experience sampling methodology. Participants (Mage = 19.85‐years‐old; 51% South Asian, 17% East Asian, 11% African, 11% Middle Eastern, 9% Southeast Asian, 8% Black‐North American, 5% Caribbean, 3% Afro‐Caribbean, 2% Central American, 2% White/European, 1% South American, 1% North African, 1% South and Central American, 1% Afro‐European, 3% another) provided five assessments daily over 12 days (Nobservations = 6980).ResultsWe observed within‐person associations from past personality expression research (e.g., participants exhibited greater conscientiousness when at school). Racial and ethnic cues from previous studies of racial and ethnic identity, stereotyping, discrimination, and prejudice were associated with situational characteristics (e.g., being in a majority White space was associated with being in public), and with Big Five personality states (e.g., racial identity salience was associated with extraversion).ConclusionResults suggest that assessing sociocultural variables beyond the individual provides an opportunity for better understanding personality expression.
Meta‐mining: The political economy of meta‐analysis
Authors: Paldam Martin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMeta‐analysis studies the literature reporting estimates of one parameter, which at present is assumed positive. The purpose of the analysis is to find the best meta‐average, which corrects the mean of the estimates for bias. The two main biases are: (i) Publication bias, where the correction nearly always makes the average smaller. (ii) Omitted variable bias, where the correction typically makes the average larger. Consequently, the bias is likely to increase if the correction is for the wrong bias. This allows a game of meta‐mining to be played. A case study demonstrates the scope for meta‐mining, and that it has been done. The game of meta‐mining is surely against the purpose of meta‐analysis.
Pulsed field ablation as first‐line treatment to reduce atrial fibrillation burden documented by pacemaker
Authors: Chen Shaojie , Schmidt Boris , Bordignon Stefano , Tohoku Shota , Urbanek Lukas , Chun Julian K. R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPulsed field ablation (PFA) using high‐voltage electrical energy is a novel and powerful ablation modality. However, PFA as a first‐line rhythm control in atrial fibrillation (AF) has been rarely described; whether PFA interacts with the pacemaker (PM) has been seldom reported. We reported PFA of AF in a patient with PM who needed effective rhythm control. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was successfully performed without complication, and the procedure was extremely fast (skin‐to‐skin 25 min.) with short fluoroscopic time (3.9 min). PFA had no influence on the PM function. Six months’ follow‐up showed good clinical outcome and significantly decreased AF burden.
Double trouble during the left atrial appendage occlusion procedure
Authors: Inan Duygu , Ozkan Eyup , Cinier Goksel , Yavuz Sevil Tugrul , Kılıcgedik Alev , Karabay Can Yucel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPercutaneous structural interventions are being performed at increased numbers and rare findings or complications occur more frequently. Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum (LHIS) is a relatively uncommon finding on transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). The major challenge is the difficulty in performing transseptal puncture. We aimed to report the difficulties that were experienced during the left atrial appendage (LAA) closure in a case with an extreme form of LHIS.
The development and pandemic‐related adaptation of a resilience program for native middle‐school youth: A case study
Authors: Woods Cedric , Kim BoRam , Calvert Deirdre , Aronowitz Teri 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs of 2017, American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) had the highest prevalence of illicit drug use of any ethnic group in the United States, with 17.6% of the population aged 12 and older reporting using illicit drugs in the last month. Studies have shown the positive correlation between a history of trauma and substance use disorder. In fact, the majority of youth in treatment for substance misuse reported a history of trauma. Intergenerational trauma, systematic discrimination, and displacement are downstream effects of colonization, and experiences of racism often define the life experiences of AI/ANs who use substances. This paper describes the process of designing a developmentally and culturally appropriate primary prevention supplement for an evidence‐based program to prevent substance use and increase cultural identity among AI/AN youth.
Muscle damage induced by maximal eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors after 3‐week immobilization
Authors: Chen Trevor Chung‐Ching , Kang Hsing‐Yu , Tseng Wei‐Chin , Lin Shih‐Che , Chan Chuan‐Wei , Chen Hsin‐Lian , Chou Tai‐Ying , Wang Hung‐Hao , Lau Wing Yin , Nosaka Kazunori 
Published: November 2022

The present study investigated the effects of a 3‐week immobilization (IM) on muscle damage induced by maximal eccentric exercise (MaxEC) to test the hypothesis that the IM would make muscles prone to muscle damage. Young healthy sedentary men were pseudo‐randomly assigned to IM or control group (n = 12/group). Non‐dominant arms of the IM group participants were immobilized at 90° elbow flexion by a cast for 21 days. All participants performed MaxEC consisting of five sets of six elbow flexor contractions by lowering a dumbbell set at 100% of pre‐exercise maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) strength of the non‐dominant arm. This was performed at 2 days after the cast removal for the IM group. MVC torque, range of motion (ROM), muscle thickness (MT), muscle hardness, position sense (PS), and joint reaction angle (JRA) of the elbow flexors were measured at baseline, post‐immobilization, and before, immediately after, and one to 5 days after MaxEC. The IM decreased MVC torque (−17 ± 2%), ROM (−2 ± 1%), MT (−7 ± 3%), and JRA (−12 ± 6%), and increased in muscle hardness (20 ± 6%) and PS (11 ± 2%) (p < 0.05). Changes in MVC (e.g., 2 days: −40 ± 5 vs. −30 ± 9%), ROM (2 days: −11 ± 2 vs. −9 ± 3%), muscle soreness (peak: 63 ± 22 vs. 48 ± 14 mm), plasma CK activity (peak: 7820 ± 4011 vs. 4980 ± 1363 IU/L), PS (maximal change: −23 ± 2 vs. −18 ± 3%), and JRA (maximal change: −37 ± 4 vs. −26 ± 3%) after MaxEC were greater (p < 0.05) for the IM than control group. These results supported the hypothesis and showed that the IM made the muscles more vulnerable to muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise.
A randomised, double‐blinded comparison between subcutaneous rush and intralympathic allergen immunotherapy induction in atopic dogs
Authors: Mueller Ralf S. , Zablotski Yuri , Baumann Katja , Boehm Teresa , Kasper Bettina , Klinger Christoph , Monke Maarten , Udraite‐Vovk Laura , Weitzer Tamara , Gedon Natalie K. Y. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin diseases in small animal practice. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only curative treatment for the disease, and oral, subcutaneous and intralymphatic administration of allergens are commonly employed.ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy of AIT following an induction phase with intralymphatic injections (ILIT) or rush immunotherapy (RIT).AnimalsFifty privately owned dogs with AD.Materials and MethodsIn a double‐blinded study, dogs were randomly assigned to either four monthly ILIT of allergen extract or RIT with five injections administered subcutaneously at hourly intervals on the first day. They were assessed by validated scores; Canine Atopic Dermatitis Lesion Index (CADLI) and pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS) at the beginning of the study and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. The latter were performed daily for 7 days before each revisit. Medication scores and a total clinical score were calculated and compared between each group and time point.ResultsThere was no significant difference in CADLI and PVAS scores, or CADLI and medication scores between groups at any of the time points. A significant improvement with both ILIT and RIT was seen in total and pruritus scores, respectively. An owner global assessment of good‐to‐excellent treatment efficacy was seen in 40% of the dogs; total scores improved by 27% and 35% in the RIT and ILIT group, respectively. Adverse effects were not seen.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceInduction of AIT can be conducted either as RIT or ILIT with no loss in efficacy.
Impact of FDA endorsement and modified risk versus exposure messaging in IQOS ads: a randomised factorial experiment among US and Israeli adults
Authors: Berg Carla J , Duan Zongshuan , Wang Yan , Thrasher James F , Bar-Zeev Yael , Abroms Lorien C , Romm Katelyn F , Khayat Amal , Levine Hagai 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIQOS was the first heated tobacco product to receive Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorisation for ‘reduced exposure’ marketing claims, which has been exploited globally.MethodsIn November–December 2021, we conducted a survey-based 3×3 factorial experiment among US (n=1128) and Israeli adults (n=1094). We presented: (1) reduced exposure, reduced risk and control messaging and (2) 2 variations of FDA endorsement and control messaging. Each participant was randomly assigned to evaluate 2 ads (displayed on different ad imagery), then completed assessments of perceived relative harm, exposure and disease risk and likelihood of personally trying or suggesting IQOS to smokers. Ordinal logistic regression examined messaging conditions and their interactions, on the 5 outcomes, respectively, adjusting for covariates.ResultsControl (vs reduced exposure) messaging resulted in higher perceived relative harm (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.29, 95% CI=1.12 to 1.48), exposure (aOR=1.34, 95% CI=1.17 to 1.54) and disease risk (aOR=1.23; 95% CI=1.08 to 1.40), and lower likelihood of suggesting IQOS to smokers (aOR=0.85; 95% CI=0.74 to 0.97). Reduced risk (vs exposure) messaging resulted in lower perceived relative harm (aOR=0.86; 95% CI=0.75 to 0.99). One FDA endorsement message (‘IQOS (completed) the US FDA examination of tobacco products. FDA concluded that IQOS is a better choice for adult smokers’) was associated with greater likelihood of suggesting IQOS to smokers, relative to control (aOR=1.19; 95% CI=1.04 to 1.37). No interactions between risk/exposure messaging and FDA endorsement messaging were found. Additionally, Israeli participants, cigarette users and men perceived lower relative harm and exposure and greater likelihood of trying or suggesting IQOS to smokers.ConclusionsRegulators must monitor direct and indirect advertising content of modified risk tobacco product-authorised products and prevent potentially harmful misinterpretations.
Deeply learning deep inelastic scattering kinematics
Authors: Diefenthaler Markus , Farhat Abdullah , Verbytskyi Andrii , Xu Yuesheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study the use of deep learning techniques to reconstruct the kinematics of the neutral current deep inelastic scattering (DIS) process in electron–proton collisions. In particular, we use simulated data from the ZEUS experiment at the HERA accelerator facility, and train deep neural networks to reconstruct the kinematic variables $$Q^2$$

Q
2

and x. Our approach is based on the information used in the classical construction methods, the measurements of the scattered lepton, and the hadronic final state in the detector, but is enhanced through correlations and patterns revealed with the simulated data sets. We show that, with the appropriate selection of a training set, the neural networks sufficiently surpass all classical reconstruction methods on most of the kinematic range considered. Rapid access to large samples of simulated data and the ability of neural networks to effectively extract information from large data sets, both suggest that deep learning techniques to reconstruct DIS kinematics can serve as a rigorous method to combine and outperform the classical reconstruction methods.
Superconformal invariants and spinning correlators in 3d $${{{\mathcal {N}}}}=2$$ SCFTs
Authors: Jain Aditya , Nizami Amin A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe construct superconformal invariants in superspace which are used to build 3-point correlators of spinning operators in general $${\mathcal {N}}=2$$

N
=
2

superconformal field theories in three dimensions. Our systematic analysis includes various relations between these invariants and provides a minimal set of parity-even and parity-odd invariants which is further used to construct general 3-point functions in any 3d $${\mathcal {N}}=2$$

N
=
2

SCFT. For conserved (super)currents, we explicitly compute various 3-point functions using Wick contractions in the free field case, and express them in terms of the constructed parity-even invariants. We give evidence through examples for the claim that the 3-point function of conserved currents generally comprises of two parts – a parity-even piece coming from the free theory, and a parity-odd piece.
Structure and production mechanism of the enigmatic X(3872) in high-energy hadronic reactions
Authors: Cisek Anna , Schäfer Wolfgang , Szczurek Antoni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe calculate the total cross section and transverse momentum distributions for the production of the enigmatic $$\chi _{c1}(3872)$$

χ

c
1

(
3872
)

(or X(3872)) assuming different scenarios: $$c \bar{c}$$

c

c

¯

state and $$D^{0*} {\bar{D}}^0 + D^0 {\bar{D}}^{0*}$$

D

0

∗

D

¯

0

+

D
0

D

¯

0

∗

molecule. The derivative of the $$c \bar{c}$$

c

c

¯

wave function needed in the first scenario is taken from a potential model calculations. Compared to earlier calculations of molecular state we include not only single parton scattering (SPS) but also double parton scattering (DPS) contributions. The latter one seems to give smaller contribution than the SPS one. The upper limit for the DPS production of $$\chi _{c1}(3872)$$

χ

c
1

(
3872
)

is much below the CMS data. We compare results of our calculations with existing experimental data of CMS, ATLAS and LHCb collaborations. Reasonable cross sections can be obtained in either $$c \bar{c}$$

c

c

¯

or molecular $$D {\bar{D}}^*$$

D

D

¯

∗

scenarios for X(3872), provided one takes into account both directly produced $$D^0, \bar{D}^0$$

D
0

,

D

¯

0

, as well as $$D^0, \bar{D}^0$$

D
0

,

D

¯

0

from the decay of $$D^*$$

D
∗

. However arguments related to the lifetime of $$D^*$$

D
∗

suggest that the latter component is not active.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nickel-Aluminum Bronze Coating on 17-4PH Stainless Steel by Laser Cladding
Authors: Zhao Lu , Du Baorui , Yao Jun , Chen Haitao , Ding Ruochen , Li Kailun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBimetallic copper-steel composite could be an effective structural material to improve the performance of traditional nickel-aluminum bronze (NAB) ship propeller due to its high structural strength and corrosion resistance. In this work, the defect-free NAB coatings has been successfully fabricated by laser direct depositing technique on the 17-4PH stainless steel substrate. The phase constitution, microstructure characteristics and hardness properties were investigated in details. The XRD results showed that the coatings mainly consisted of α-Cu, Fe and intermetallic κ phases despite the diffraction peaks shifted more than 0.5°, which may due to the influence of the Ni, Fe and Al atoms dissolved into Cu-matrix. The microstructures of the coatings were affected significantly by laser energy density according to SEM and EDS results. The top region of the coating was more undercooled during solidification, therefore the grains at this region was much finer than that at the bottom region. The higher energy input would lead to coarser grains. Fe-rich dendrites and spherical particles were found in the Cu matrix, which could be a result of liquid separation. The hardness of the coating is in the range of 204 HV0.2–266 HV0.2 which is higher than traditional as- cast NAB. The uneven distribution of Fe-rich phases as well as the hard κ phases could be the main reasons for the fluctuations of the hardness value. Tensile fracture occurred at bronze side, not at transition zone, which shows there is a good interfacial bonding between the two metals produced by laser cladding.
Exogenous melatonin enhances the growth and production of bioactive metabolites in Lemna aequinoctialis culture by modulating metabolic and lipidomic profiles
Authors: Baek GahYoung , Lee Hwanhui , Ko JuHee , Choi Hyung-Kyoon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Lemna species are cosmopolitan floating plants that have great application potential in the food/feed, pharmaceutical, phytoremediation, biofuel, and bioplastic industries. In this study, the effects of exogenous melatonin (0.1, 1, and 10 µM) on the growth and production of various bioactive metabolites and intact lipid species were investigated in Lemna aequinoctialis culture.

Results
Melatonin treatment significantly enhanced the growth (total dry weight) of the Lemna aequinoctialis culture. Melatonin treatment also increased cellular production of metabolites including β-alanine, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, citric acid, chlorophyll, glutamic acid, phytosterols, serotonin, and sucrose, and intact lipid species; digalactosyldiacylglycerols, monogalactosyldiacylglycerols, phosphatidylinositols, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols. Among those metabolites, the productivity of campesterol (1.79 mg/L) and stigmasterol (10.94 mg/L) were the highest at day 28, when 10 µM melatonin was treated at day 7.

Conclusion
These results suggest that melatonin treatment could be employed for enhanced production of biomass or various bioactive metabolites and intact lipid species in large-scale L. aequinoctialis cultivation as a resource for food, feed, and pharmaceutical industries.
Thyroid hormone, cortisol, interleukin-2, and procalcitonin regulate postoperative delirium in acute type A aortic dissection patients
Authors: Zheng Guo-Zhong , Chen Xing-Feng , Chen Liang-Wan , Luo Zeng-Rong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
We assessed the relationships between levels of preoperative thyroid hormone (TH), cortisol, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and procalcitonin (PCT) and postoperative delirium (POD) in acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) patients receiving modified triple-branched stent-graft (MTBSG) implant surgeries.

Methods
ATAAD patients received MTBSG implant surgeries in our hospital between February 2019 and December 2020 were recruited. We separated them into a POD and non-POD cohort and employed univariable and multivariable regression analysis to establish independent correlations between preoperative THs, cortisol, IL-2, and PCT and POD. In addition, we conducted stratification analyses to examine the link between pre-surgical THs and POD in normal TSH and lower TSH subgroups.

Results
POD occurred in 78 of 224 patients (34.8%). POD patients exhibited markedly reduced preoperative free triiodothyronine (FT3) (P = 0.008) and free thyroxine (FT4) (P = 0.023) levels, while remarkably enhanced preoperative cortisol (P < 0.001), IL-2 (P < 0.001), and PCT (P < 0.001) levels. Based on multivariate regression analysis, reduced preoperative FT3 (P = 0.032), as well as augmented preoperative IL-2 (P = 0.001), cortisol (P < 0.001), and PCT (P = 0.016) were strong stand-alone risk factors for POD. Moreover, subgroup analysis found the association between FT3 (P = 0.029), FT4 (P = 0.042) and POD was both significant in patients with normal TSH levels.

Conclusions
Reduced preoperative FT3 and elevated preoperative cortisol, IL-2, and PCT were strong indicators of POD in ATAAD patients. Hence, we recommend that the thyroid function, cortisol, PCT, and IL-2 should be evaluated prior to surgery in ATAAD patients.