bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the non-linearity of radon-induced lung cancer
Authors: Rosenberger Albert , Bickeböller Heike , Christiani David C , Liu Geoffrey , Schabath Matthew B , Duarte Luisa F. , Marchand Loic Le , Haiman Christopher , Landi Teresa , Consonni Dario , Field John K , Davies Michael P.A. , Albanes Demetrios , Tardon Adonina , Fernández-Tardón Guillermo , Rennert Gad , Rennert Hedy , Amos Christopher I , Hung Rayjean J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Exposure to low doses of the radioactive gas radon, as found indoors in dwellings, has been consistently shown to be a risk factor for lung cancer (LC). The linear-no-threshold hypothesis (LNT) is often applied to estimate excess odds ratios or population attributable risks, albeit this LNT assumption remains debated. We investigate the profile of radon-induced LC-risk in a sample of 8,927 cases and 5,562 controls of the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO), contributed by studies with sufficient exposure heterogeneity. Spatial indoor-radon exposure in the residential area (sIR) obtained from the national surveys were linked to the participants’ residential geo-location. Parametric linear- and spline-functions were fitted within framework of logistic regression. We observed a U-shaped dose-risk relation, with the lowest risk exposure level (LRE) being 57.6 Bq/m³ (95%.CI: 56.1–59.2 Bq/m³). The risk of overall-LC at 25 Bq/m³ (OR = 1.31, 95%-CI: 1.01–1.59) was comparable to that at 100 Bq/m³ (OR = 1.34, 95%-CI: 1.20–1.45). Regarding histological subtypes, we observed the strongest risk for small-cell LC, and weak association for squamous-cell LC with no association below 58 Bq/m³. Our results showed a U-shaped risk-profile for radon-induced LC risk at very low exposure levels (sIR < 200 Bq/m³), lowest in areas of mean indoor radon levels of about 58 Bq/m³. Risk profiles differ between histological subtypes, and sex, age and smoking behaviour modify the lowest risk thresholds. sIR is a useful proxy for radon exposure, and the linearity-no-threshold assumption in this data seems not optimal for the dose-response relation of sIR less than 200 Bq/m³.
Last dental visit and severity of tooth loss: a machine learning approach
Authors: Bomfim Rafael Aiello 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To investigate the time of last dental visit associated with severe tooth loss and presence of functional dentition (FD) and use a machine learning approach to predict those at higher risk of tooth loss in adults and older adults. We analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of 88,531 Brazilian individuals aged 18 and over. Tooth loss was the outcome by; 1) functional dentition and 2) severe tooth loss. Structural Equation models were used to find the time of last dental visit associated with the outcomes. Moreover, machine learning was used to train and test predictions to target individuals at higher risk for tooth loss. For 65,803 adults, more than two years of last dental visit was associated with lack of functional dentition. Age was the main contributor in the machine learning approach, with an AUC of 90%, accuracy of 90%, specificity of 97% and sensitivity of 38%. For older adults, more than two years of last dental visit was associated with higher severe loss. Conclusions. More than two years of last dental visit appears to be associated with a severe loss and lack of functional dentition. The machine learning approach had a good performance to predict those individuals.
Advancements in the dominion of fate and transport of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the environment- A Bibliometric study
Authors: Ashraf Maliha , Ahammad Shaikh Ziauddin , Chakma Sumedha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The study on Fate and Transport of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products, PPCPs (FTP) in the environment has received special attention for more than two decades pertaining to a threat to ecology and human health even at low concentrations due to their synergistic effects and long-range transport. The research aims to provide an inclusive map of the scientific background of FTP research over the last 25 years, from 1996 to 2020 to identify the main characteristics, evolution, salient research themes, trends, and valuable directions for future studies. Bibliometric networks were synthesized and analyzed for a total of 577 journal articles extracted from the Scopus database. Consequently, seven major themes of FTP research were identified as follows: (i) PPCPs Category; (ii) Hazardous Effects; (iii) Occurrence of PPCPs; (iv) PPCPs in Organisms; (v) Remediation; (vi) Fate and Transport Governing Processes and (vii)Assessment in the Environment. The themes gave an in-depth picture of the sources of PPCPs and their transport and fate processes in the environment which originated majorly from STP and sediment/soils/groundwater/oceans acting as its major sink. The article provided a rigorous review of the research landscape in the FTP study conducted during the specified years and its prominent highlight pattern may serve basis of real-time guidance to lead future research areas and a tool for policymakers and practitioners to handle the ever-increasing concentration of Emerging Contaminants (ECs) in the environment.
Optogenetic Early Life Pain leads to cortical hyperexcitability, nociceptive hypersensitivity and repetitive behavior
Authors: Tegeder Irmgard , Vogel Alexandra , Ueberbach Timo , Wilken-Schmitz Annett , Jungenitz Tassilo , Schmid Tobias , Buchmann Guilia , Brandes Ralf , Schwarzacher Stephan , Mittmann Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pain in early life may affect cortical development and risk of chronic pain. We developed an optogenetic Cre/loxP mouse model of "early-life-pain" (ELP) using mice with transgenic expression of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) under control of the Advillin (Avil) promoter, that drives expression of ChR2 in peripheral somatosensory neurons. Avil-ChR2 (Cre+) and ChR2-flfl control mice were exposed to blue light in a chamber once daily from P1-P5 together with their Cre-negative mother. ELP caused cortical hyperexcitability at P8-9 as assessed via multi-electrode array recordings that coincided with reduced expression of synaptic genes (RNAseq) including Grin2b, neurexins, piccolo and voltage gated calcium and sodium channels which would agree with activity-dependent synaptic pruning. Young adult Avil-ChR2 mice presented with nociceptive hypersensitivity upon heat or mechanical stimulation, which did not resolve up until one year of age. The persistent "pain" phenotype was reflected by capsaicin hypersensitivity in primary sensory neurons of aged mice as assessed by calcium imaging. Avil-ChR2 mice had no disadvantages in Maze tests of anxiety, social interaction and spatial memory, and multiple dimensions of cognitive behavior in IntelliCages. But they stood out by a high rate of repetitive nosepokes, and repetitive corner returns irrespective of success, suggesting inflexibility. Hence, optogenetic early life pain leads to pain in adult mice and repetitive behavior but without cognitive or social deficits.
Risk factors and longitudinal changes of dyslipidemia among adult Chinese HIV-1 Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Li Xiuxia , Song Xiaojing , Han Yang , Qiu Zhifeng , Cao Wei , Li Taisheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background Despite an apparent decline in mortality of HIV-infected individuals due to the broad utilization of antiretroviral therapy (ART), life-long treatment is required accompanying with various metabolic abnormalities. Data about the epidemiology and the dynamic change of dyslipidemia in HIV-1 patients receiving antiretroviral therapy was restricted in Asian countries. The purpose was to explore the specific situation of dyslipidemia in adult Chinese HIV-1 Patients upon a multicenter clinical trial. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis on patients enrolled in two large multicenter clinical trials across China and patients followed in the clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). Demographic data and clinical parameters were collected, risk factors and longitudinal changes of lipid profiles under different clinical settings associated with HIV-1 infection were analyzed. The definition of dyslipidemia was made based upon the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP) III guidelines. Results A total of 1942 patients were enrolled. The median follow-up was 6 years. At baseline, the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were 4.1 ± 0.96 mmol/L, 1.24 (interquartile ranges [IQR] 0.87–1.8) mmol/L, 1.11 ± 0.33 and 2.38 ± 0.78 mmol/L, respectively. The rate of hypercholesterolemia, hyperglyceridemia, high LDL-C and low HDL-C were 11.38%, 28.16%, 45.66% and 9.29%, respectively. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 69.3%, which raised to 84.3% after antiretroviral therapy, substantially higher. Risk factors of CD4/CD8 ratio less than 0.3 and viral load over 105copies/mL for all types of dyslipidemia as well as a negative correlation between HDL-C concentration and CD8 + CD38 + percentage were found. Besides, regimens including efavirenz (EFV) and tenofovir (TDF) performed better lipid profiles. Longitudinal analysis revealed that both the rate of abnormal lipid indexes and concentration of lipid changed steeply in the first 6 months after ART initiation. Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia was high in HIV-1 patients and elevated after antiretroviral therapy, mainly represented as high TG and low HDL-C, associating with advanced stage of HIV-1 infection. Lipid changed remarkably in the initial stage after ART therapy.
The effect of iron (III) hydroxide sucrose complex (Ranofer) and other iron preparations on body iron store in long term hemodialysis patients – A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gan Chye Chung , Mansor Nurul Azwani Nadia , Lim Soo Kun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Intravenous iron is important in the management of iron deficiency and renal anemia among hemodialysis patients. Iron sucrose is one of the commonly used iron preparations in Malaysia. Our study objective is to assess the iron status changes in hemodialysis patients who have been initiated on intravenous (IV) iron-(III)-hydroxide-sucrose-complex (Ranofer) and other IV iron preparations (non-Ranofer) under real-world clinical settings over a six-month observation period.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness and safety profiles of IV-Ranofer and IV-non-Ranofer on body iron stores in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients across dialysis centers in Selangor from 01.01.2017 to 31.08.2020. Two-hundred-twenty subjects were included in the final analysis. Clinical response is defined as an improvement on serum ferritin > 100 microgram/L and TSAT > 20% at any point within the period of 6-months.
Results:
Of the 220-subjects, 124 (56.4%) achieved clinical response, in which the Ranofer group recorded 56 (51.9%) and the non-Ranofer group recorded 68 (60.7%) respectively, with no difference in between groups (p = 0.185). However, hypotension (10.2% vs 1.8%, p < 0.01), and headache (6.5% vs 0.9%, p < 0.05), occurred more frequently in Ranofer group compared to non-Ranofer group. Seventy-eight (72.9%) in the Ranofer group and 79 (70.5%) subjects in the non-Ranofer group managed to sustain Hb ≥ 10 g/dL at the end of the study (p = 0.69).
Conclusions:
Ranofer provides similar efficacy compared with other iron preparations for ESKD undergoing long-term hemodialysis in Malaysia. Ranofer is well-tolerated for the patients on hemodialysis. Hypotension and headache were observed to be slightly higher in the Ranofer group, however, the severity and the cause-effect relationship could not be ascertained due to the retrospective nature of this study. The adverse events were expected, and these outcomes were expected to be similar to other iron preparations in the real clinical setting. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the local ethical committees.
A Novel Method for Alloy Materials Design via Sample Data Transfer Machine Learning
Authors: Xie Jianxin , Jiang Lei , Zhang Zhihao , Hu Hao , He Xingqun , Fu Huadong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
One of the challenges in material design is to rapidly develop new materials or improve the performance of materials by utilizing the data and knowledge of existing materials. Here, a novel method of alloy material design via data transfer learning is proposed to efficiently design new alloys using existing data. A new type of aluminum alloy with ultra strength and high toughness (so-called E2 alloy) previously developed by the authors is used as an example, and an optimal three-stage solution-aging treatment process (which is very difficult to design by trial-and-error method, T66R process for short) was rapidly designed based on 1053 pieces of heat treatment process data of AA7xxx series commercial high-strength aluminum alloy and a total of 29 groups of experimental data of E2 alloy. It overcomes the bottleneck of expensive theoretical calculations and more than millions of possible process combinations in the experimental trial-and-error space in the process design of complex alloy heat treatment. Compared with the common T6 process in the aluminum industry, the T66R process can increase the ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the E2 alloy simultaneously, from 715 ± 6 MPa and 8.4 ± 0.4% to 767 ± 6 MPa and 13.4 ± 0.5%, respectively. The results of microstructure characterization indicate that employing the optimal T66R process, the amount of micron-scale insoluble phases in the E2 alloy is sharply reduced, and the number of nano-precipitates is significantly increased, which leads to the simultaneous improvement of the strength and plasticity of the alloy. This study shows that transferring the existing alloy data is an effective method to design new alloys.
Correlation between the morphology of the biceps groove and injuries to the biceps pulley and the long head tendon of the biceps
Authors: Tang Xiaoye , Zhang Jialu , Zhang Jiechao , He Yong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The morphometric parameters of the osseous structures of the biceps groove were measured to investigate their correlation with the structural injury of the trochlear and the long head tendon of the biceps.
Methods: A total of 126 patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery had their biceps tendons and bicipital groove morphologies prospectively evaluated on a 3D reconstruction model of the humeral head. The width of groove, depth of groove, opening angle, medial wall angle, and inclination angle of the bicipital groove were measured for each patient. During the surgery, the type of injury to the biceps pulley and the degree of biceps longus tendon injury were assessed. The correlations of these injury assessments with bicipital groove measurements were analyzed.
Results: The average width of groove was 12.52 mm ± 2.11 mm. The average depth was 4.88 mm ± 1.38 mm. The average inclination angle was 26.27° ± 8.10°. The average opening angle was 89.77° ± 18.40°. The average medial wall angle was 40.57° ± 7.93°. Significant biceps pulley structural injury was observed in 66 patients, and their Martetschlager classifications were as follows: type I injury in 12 patients, type II injury in 18 patients, and type III injury in 36 patients. The Lafosse grades of long head tendon injury were as follows: 72 cases were grade 0 injury, 30 cases were grade I injury, and 18 cases were grade II injury. We found no significant correlation between the opening width, depth, inclination angle, opening angle, and medial wall angle of bicipital groove and injuries of the pulley and the long head of the biceps tendon. Conclusion:This study does not find a correlation between the injury of the pulley or the long head of the biceps tendon and bicipital groove morphology.
Measurement of Fines Particle Concentrations and estimation of Air Quality Index (AQI) over Northeast Douala, Cameroon
Authors: Mezoue Cyrille A. , Ngangmo Yannick C. , Choudhary Arti , Nguiya Severin , Lenouo Andre , Monkam David 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The paucity of data regarding air quality monitoring and pollutant emissions from various sources in the city of Douala, allowed us to initiate a measuring campaign at the main road entrance of the university campus. Using the OC 300 Laser Dust Particle, fines particles concentrations are monitored during one week from Monday to Sunday. The instrument used detects four (04) different sizes of particles: PM10, PM5, PM2.5, and PM1. The daily average concentrations measured ranged from 9.47 ± 0.26 to 50.14 ± 2.42 µg.m− 3 for PM1.0 ; 13.13 ± 0.38 to 86.65 ± 3.96 µg.m− 3 for PM2.5 ; 13.60 ± 0.40 to 100.56 ± 4.20 µg.m− 3 for PM5 and 14.52 ± 0.42 to 114.59 ± 4.60 µg.m− 3 for PM10. Exceptions made from PM5 and PM1.0 which were not in relation to the WHO (World Health Organization) guideline values, the level of PM10 and PM2.5 are higher than the WHO standards. The air quality index (AQI) is between very poor and poor during this measurement campaign, indicating that residents of the study region are highly exposed. Through the use of correlation studies, it has been demonstrated that the predominant source of fine particles in the studied region is vehicular activity. As a result, traffic density is the most significant factor causing the different air pollution levels seen in the tested areas.
Developing a blueprint for theoretical assessment of Biochemistry of phase I MBBS students
Authors: Dutta Atanu Kumar , Goswami Kalyan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Here we have systematically developed a blueprint for Biochemistry theory assessment of phase I MBBS students in India which we have been using for both formative and summative assessments for the past two academic years. The blueprint has ensured the content and construct validity and fairness of the assessment.
Time Series Modeling of Road Traffic Crashes in Himalayan States of India
Authors: Yadav Bibek , Hossain Moazzem 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Road Traffic Accidents in India are increasing at a high rate due to the large percentage of slow-moving vehicles and in absence of proper traffic management systems. In hilly regions, the road accident scenario is further gloomy due to narrow roads, steep slopes, hairpin bends, presence of a valley or river on one side of the roads. In a hilly location, there are various elements that contribute to accidents, and it's important to understand how these factors interact. Road crash time forecasting was done for accidents that happened over a three-year period. Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) models were applied to the collected data and an 84-month forecast was based made based on the fitted models. Based on the results of this study, the rate of road accidents is expected to decrease in Nagaland and Meghalaya while increases in Sikkim and Manipur constant for at least the next seven years. It was found that the incidence of road accidents in Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, and Jammu &Kashmir can be fitted ARIMA (0,1,1) (1,1,0) [12], ARIMA (0,1,1) (0,1,0) [12], ARIMA (0,1,1) (0,1,0) [12], ARIMA (0,1,1) (0,1,0) [12] and (0,1,1) (0,1,0) [12] respectively. Remedial measures are suggested for the implementation of improved better policies and close monitoring of road traffic systems. This study provides information that could be useful for determining road accident rates in those states and would be used for providing important information to extend awareness concerning road safety.
Process Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques Applied to Cement Industry
Authors: BENCHEKROUN MOHAMMED TOUM , ZAKI Smail , ABOUSSALEH MOHAMED 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the context of organizing the means of production, the heavy cement industry is following the new concept of Industry 4.0, which increases the efficiency of industrial processes and increases productivity through customization and flexibility, while reducing costs and energy consumption. To do this, it uses process prediction by operating the digital transformation through a 4.0 tool for monitoring and analyzing temperature and pressure in real time. This tool monitors temperature and pressure using sensors that transform the data into a computer platform for real-time analysis, and predicts failures according to a predictive model to remedy the problem of preheater cyclone blockages. This new technology reduces incidents and increases the life of equipment [1].
A comparative analysis of the risk factors of Malaria in Children under age of five years in Uganda and Kenya
Authors: Namawejje Hellen , Richard Kato , Atuhaire Leonard K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The aim of study is to compare the risk factors of malaria in children under the age of five years old in Uganda and Kenya. Secondary data from the Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey 2014–2015 and Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey 2015 was used. A descriptive summary, Pearson chi-square test and logistic regression were used as methods of analysis. In Uganda, Children below five years old aged between 48 and 59 months were more likely to test positive for Malaria compared to those aged between 0 and 11 months (OR = 3.26; CI = 2.420–4.389). Similarly, in Kenya with (OR = 6.77; CI = 2.782–16.458). Also, in Uganda, the category of residence of the child had a significant association with the risk of malaria (OR = 2.25; CI = 1.453–3.498). In relation to region, in Uganda, children from East central region of Uganda (OR = 4.13; CI = 2.579–6.627), North east region of Uganda (OR = 2.15; CI = 1.364–3.387) and West Nile region (OR = 2.48; CI = 1.451–4.235) were more likely to have malaria compared to children from Central 1 while in Kenya, children from North Eastern (OR = 0.06; CI = 0.008–0.487) and Eastern (OR = 0.03; CI = 0.004–0.249) regions were less likely to experience malaria compared to children from Coast region. The study recommends that both Governments of Uganda and of Kenya through their respective Ministries of Health should intensify the health education programs specifically targeting pregnant women and mothers with children under five years of age to educate them on the measures for preventing malaria in children under five years