bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Generalized Fisher's Combination and AccurateP-Value Calculation under Dependence
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wu Zheyang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCombining dependent tests of significance has broad applications but the related p-value calculation is challenging. For Fisher's combination test, current p-value calculation methods (eg, Brown's approximation) tend to inflate the type I error rate when the desired significance level is substantially less than 0.05. The problem could lead to significant false discoveries in big data analyses. This paper provides two main contributions. First, it presents a general family of Fisher type statistics, referred to as the GFisher, which covers many classic statistics, such as Fisher's combination, Good's statistic, Lancaster's statistic, weighted Z-score combination, and so forth. The GFisher allows a flexible weighting scheme, as well as an omnibus procedure that automatically adapts proper weights and the statistic-defining parameters to a given data. Second, the paper presents several new p-value calculation methods based on two novel ideas: moment-ratio matching and joint-distribution surrogating. Systematic simulations show that the new calculation methods are more accurate under multivariate Gaussian, and more robust under the generalized linear model and the multivariate t-distribution. The applications of the GFisher and the new p-value calculation methods are demonstrated by a gene-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-set association study. Relevant computation has been implemented to an R package GFisher available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network.
How does insecure attachment lead to paranoia? A systematic critical review of cognitive, affective, and behavioural mechanisms
Authors: Sood Monica , Carnelley Katherine B. , Newman‐Taylor Katherine 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe relationship between attachment and paranoia is now well established. There is good theoretical reason and evidence to indicate that attachment style affects cognitive, affective, and behavioural processes which, in turn, contribute to the maintenance of paranoia, but this research has not been integrated. We critically and systematically review research that examines relevant cognitive, affective, and behavioural processes, which may explain how attachment insecurity leads to paranoia and constitute key targets in psychotherapeutic interventions for people with psychosis.MethodWe conducted three systematic searches across six databases (PsycINFO, CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar), from inception to September 2021, to investigate key cognitive, affective, and behavioural processes in the attachment–paranoia association.ResultsWe identified a total of 1930 papers and critically reviewed 16. The literature suggests that negative self‐ and other‐beliefs, inability to defuse from unhelpful cognitions, and use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies mediate the association between attachment insecurity and paranoia in people with psychosis/psychotic experience. Attachment‐secure people with psychosis are more likely to seek help and engage with services than attachment‐insecure people.ConclusionsAttachment styles impact help‐seeking behaviours in people with psychosis and are likely to influence paranoia via self‐ and other‐beliefs, cognition fusion, and emotion regulation – these candidate mechanisms may be targeted in psychological therapy to improve clinical outcomes for people with psychosis, characterized by paranoia.Practitioner points

Insecure attachment is likely to lead to paranoia via negative beliefs about self and others, cognitive fusion, and use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. These mechanisms can be targeted in psychotherapeutic interventions for psychosis, such as cognitive behaviour therapy, to improve clinical and recovery outcomes.

People with psychosis who are attachment‐secure are more likely to seek help and engage with services than those who are attachment‐insecure (particularly avoidant). Attachment style can be assessed to predict service engagement and help‐seeking behaviours in people with psychosis.

Attachment styles are important predictors of key cognitive, affective, and behavioural processes in people with psychosis. These processes can be assessed and incorporated into individualised formulations, and then targeted in therapy to effect psychotherapeutic change.
The link between menin and pleiotrophin in the tumor biology of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: He Liping , Boulant Steeve , Stanifer Megan , Guo Cuncai , Nießen Anna , Chen Mingyi , Felix Klaus , Bergmann Frank , Strobel Oliver , Schimmack Simon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMEN1, which encodes menin protein, is the most frequently mutated gene in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNEN). Pleiotrophin (PTN) has been reported as a downstream factor of menin that promotes metastasis in different tumor entities. In this study, the effect of menin and its link to PTN were assessed using features of pNEN cells and the outcome of patients with pNEN. The expression levels of menin and PTN in tissues from patients with pNEN were examined using qRT‐PCR and western blot and compared with their metastasis status. Functional assays, including transwell migration/invasion and scratch wound‐healing assays, were performed on specifically designed CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated MEN1‐knockout (MEN1‐KO) pNEN cell lines (BON1MEN1‐KO and QGP1MEN1‐KO) to study the metastasis of pNEN. Among 30 patients with menin‐negative pNEN, 21 revealed a strong protein expression of PTN. This combination was associated with metastasis and shorter disease‐free survival. Accordingly, in BON1MEN1‐KO and QGP1MEN1‐KO cells, PTN protein expression was positively associated with enhanced cell migration and invasion, which could be reversed using PTN silencing. PTN is a predicting factor of metastatic behavior of menin‐deficient‐pNEN. In vitro, menin is able to both promote and suppress the metastasis of pNEN by regulating PTN expression depending on the tumoral origin of pNEN cells.
TRAF6 regulates the signaling pathway influencing colorectal cancer function through ubiquitination mechanisms
Authors: Guangwei Zhu , Zhibin Cheng , Qin Wang , Chunlin Lin , Penghang Lin , Ruofan He , Hui Chen , Hoffman Robert M. , Jianxin Ye 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor‐6 (TRAF6) is a ubiquitin E3 ligase. TRAF6 plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the specific mechanism by which TRAF6 promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis is incompletely understood. This study aimed to determine whether TRAF6 affects the LPS‐NF‐κB‐VEGF‐C signaling pathway through ubiquitination, which plays a role in colorectal cancer metastasis. Here, our results showed that TRAF6 affected lymphangiogenesis through the LPS‐NF‐κB‐VEGF‐C signaling pathway. Using ubiquitination experiments, we found that TRAF6 was mainly ubiquitinated with the K63‐linked chains, and LPS promoted ubiquitination of TRAF6 and K63‐linked chains. More importantly, TRAF6 124mut is the main ubiquitination site of TRAF6 interacting with K63‐linked chains. TRAF6 affected the migration, invasion, and lymphatic metastasis of colorectal cancer through its ubiquitination. In subcutaneous xenograft models, TRAF6 124mut inhibited tumor growth. In conclusion, our results provide new insight for studying the mechanism of lymphangiogenesis in colorectal cancer to promote cancer metastasis, which may provide new ideas for tumor immunotherapy.
Elucidating the level of developmental risk in a busy paediatric practice clinic from a middle‐income country
Authors: Çelen Yoldaş Tuba , Şenkon Oben Gözde , Karakaya Jale , Özmert Elif Nursel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying young children with serious developmental concerns is a common challenge in paediatric settings around the world. Elucidating parental concerns about their children's development is a useful predictor of developmental status. The aim of this study is to elucidate the level of developmental risk in a busy outpatient paediatric clinic using the Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) and observe the associated factors in a middle‐income country.MethodsParents attending a medical appointment for their children in a paediatric outpatient clinic were asked to complete the PEDS and a questionnaire pertaining to sociodemographic details. A total of 151 parents were eligible to participate in the study. Parents also rated the ease of completion of the test with the response options being ‘difficult, a little difficult, easy, very easy’.ResultsIn our total sample, 9.3% (n = 14) were at high risk, 16.6% (n = 25) were at moderate risk and the remainder were at low/no risk. Being at high or moderate risk (25.8%, n = 39) was higher in male gender (p = 0.046) and older age children (p = 0.004). Hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care unit longer than 3 days, maternal employment status/housewife, long duration of screen viewing were independent risk factors significantly associated with high or moderate risk in multivariable analyses. Among the participants, 98.7% of parents reported that the PEDS was easy or very easy to complete in the clinical setting.ConclusionIn this study, in a cosmopolitan city of a middle‐income country, a quarter of children were observed to be at high or moderate risk. The findings highlight the importance of elucidating the prevalence of developmental concerns among the population to enable families to access universal high‐quality early childhood services.
Dynamic changes of exhaustion features in T cells during oral carcinogenesis
Authors: Xie Wenqiang , Shen Jie , Wang Dikan , Guo Junyi , Li Qunxing , Wen Shuqiong , Dai Wenxiao , Wen Liling , Lu Huanzi , Fang Juan , Wang Zhi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to clarify the dynamic changes of exhaustion features in T cells during oral carcinogenesis.Materials and MethodsMice were randomly divided into 4NQO group and control group. The exhaustion features of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of both groups were detected by flow cytometry. Furthermore, multiplex immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of inhibitory receptors in human normal, dysplastic, and carcinogenesis tissues. Finally, anti‐PD‐1 antibody treatment was performed at the early premalignant phase of oral carcinogenesis.ResultsThe proportion of naive T cells in 4NQO group was lower than those in control group, while the proportion of effector memory T cells was higher in 4NQO group. The expression of inhibitory receptors on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased gradually during carcinogenesis. In contrast, the secretion of cytokines by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells decreased gradually with the progression stage. Strikingly, those changes occurred before the onset of oral carcinogenesis. The expression of inhibitory receptors on T cells increased gradually as the human tissues progressed from normal, dysplasia to carcinoma. Interestingly, PD‐1 blockade at the early premalignant phase could reverse carcinogenesis progression by restoring T cell function.ConclusionsT‐cell dysfunction was established at the early premalignant phase of oral carcinogenesis; PD‐1 blockade at the early premalignant phase can effectively reverse T‐cell exhaustion features and then prevent carcinogenesis progression.
Intoxication related to substances use in patients presenting to Ain Shams University Poisoning Treatment Center, Cairo, Egypt (2015–2019)
Authors: Azab Sonya M. S. , Tawfik Hany , Hayes Bryan D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionIllicit drug use may result in several emergencies. Hospital emergency data can help to detect new patterns of substance use and high‐risk trends of drug use. This epidemiological study aimed to investigate the pattern and outcome of cases with substance use intoxication who presented to Ain Shams University Poisoning Treatment Centre, Cairo, Egypt.MethodsThis retrospective study included all cases of acute intoxication due to use/misuse of substances who presented to the centre during the period (2015–2019).ResultsThe study included 11 281 cases; young adults (aged 20–40 years) represented the greatest proportion of cases (6519, 57.8%). Males were the predominant gender in all age groups (representing 79.2% of the cases). Tramadol was the most common substance of exposure in all age groups except for children and adolescents where cannabis was the most common one. There were 162 fatalities (1.4% of all cases) and opioids had the greatest case fatality rate.Discussion and ConclusionsTramadol was the most used drug that resulted in acute intoxication, followed by cannabis. A total of 43.6% of the cases of acute intoxications were due to recreational use/misuse of prescription drugs.
Assessment and validation of a novel fast fully automated artificial intelligence left ventricular ejection fraction quantification software
Authors: Samtani Rajeev , Bienstock Solomon , Lai Ashton C. , Liao Steve , Baber Usman , Croft Lori , Stern Eric , Beerkens Frans , Ting Peter , Goldman Martin E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundQuantification of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is operator‐dependent, time‐consuming, and error‐prone. LVivoEF by DIA is a new artificial intelligence (AI) software, which displays the tracking of endocardial borders and rapidly quantifies LVEF. We sought to assess the accuracy of LVivoEF compared to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) as the reference standard and to compare LVivoEF to the standard‐of‐care physician‐measured LVEF (MD‐EF) including studies with ultrasound enhancing agents (UEAs).MethodsIn 273 consecutive patients, we compared MD‐EF and AI‐derived LVEF to cMRI. AI‐derived LVEF was obtained from a non‐UEA four‐chamber view without manual correction. Thirty‐one patients were excluded: 25 had interval interventions or incomplete TTE or cMRI studies and six had uninterpretable non‐UEA apical views.ResultsIn the 242 subjects, the correlation between AI and cMRI was r = .890, similar to MD‐EF and cMRI with r = .891 (p = 0.48). Of the 126 studies performed with UEAs, the correlation of AI using the unenhanced four‐chamber view was r = .89, similar to MD‐EF with r = .90. In the 116 unenhanced studies, AI correlation was r = .87, similar to MD‐EF with r = .84. From Bland‐Altman analysis, LVivoEF underreported the LVEF with a bias of 3.63 ± 7.40% EF points compared to cMRI while MD‐EF to cMRI had a bias of .33 ± 7.52% (p = 0.80).ConclusionsCompared to cMRI, LVivoEF can accurately quantify LVEF from a standard apical four‐chamber view without manual correction. Thus, LVivoEF has the ability to improve and expedite LVEF quantification.
Application of the maximum threshold distances to reduce gene flow frequency in the coexistence between genetically modified (GM) and non‐GM maize
Authors: Hu Ning , Hu Ji‐chao , Jiang Xiao‐dong , Xiao Wei , Yao Ke‐min , Li Liang , Li Xin‐hai , Pei Xin‐wu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOn the coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and non‐GM maize, the isolation distance plays an important role in controlling the transgenic flow. In this study, maize gene flow model was used to quantify the MTD0.1% and MTD1% in the main maize‐planting regions of China; those were the maximum threshold distance for the gene flow frequency equal to or lower than 1% and 0.1%. The model showed that the extreme MTD1% and MTD0.1% were 187 and 548 m, respectively. The regions of northern China and the coastal plain, including Hainan crop winter‐season multiplication base, showed a significantly high risk for maize gene flow, while the west‐south of China was the largest low‐risk areas. Except for a few sites, the isolation distance of 500 m could yield a seed purity of better than 0.1% and meet the production needs of breeder seeds. The parameters of genetic competitiveness (cp) were introduced to assess the effects of hybrid compatibility between the donor and recipient. The results showed that hybrid incompatibility could minimize the risk. When cp = 0.05, MTD1% and MTD0.1% could be greatly reduced within 19 m and 75 m. These data were helpful to provide scientific data to set the isolation distance between GM and non‐GM maize and select the right place to produce the hybrid maize seeds.
Monitoring global fishing activity in proximity to seamounts using automatic identification systems
Authors: Kerry Christopher R. , Exeter Owen M. , Witt Matthew J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSeamounts are prominent features of the seafloor that are often located in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJs). Whilst comprehensive biological information is lacking on most of these features, they have been recognised for hosting high biodiversity across multiple trophic levels. Technological advancements have enabled greater exploitation of biological resources further offshore with increasing concern over the long‐term impacts of anthropogenic activities on vulnerable distant and deep‐sea habitats. Analysis ofex situvessel tracking technologies such as Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) have enabled spatial patterns of fishing activity to be monitored over large geographical areas. In this study, analysis of fishing activity within 30 km of seamount summits at the global scale found that these features within the waters of the Pacific Island Group and the Mediterranean Sea were subject to the highest levels of longlining and trawling activities respectively. Fishing in proximity to seamounts is dominated by the flag states of Taiwan, China, Japan, South Korea and Spain. Furthermore, our results reveal that the majority of sea areas managed by many Regional Fishery Management Organisations (RFMOs) have experienced increased fishing activity at seamounts compared to areas in the same ocean basin without management. This study demonstrates how free web‐accessible data can be used to gain insights into remote areas wherein situresearch is prohibitively expensive and logistically challenging.
Long‐term interannual variability in larval dispersal and connectivity of the Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) around Ireland: When supply‐side matters
Authors: McGeady Ryan , Lordan Colm , Power Anne Marie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDispersal of meroplankton larvae in the ocean is a key process which determines larval supply to areas of suitable habitat and enables connectivity between populations, particularly for nonmigratory species. Our objective was to use a biophysical larval transport model to create a time series (2000–2019) of larval retention, dispersal distance and connectivity estimates for the commercially important Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) on mud grounds off Ireland. Where time series of population estimates were sufficiently long to conduct analysis, we also investigated if larval dispersal indices could be used to predict variations in adult density, after a lag period, hypothesising that this would only apply to grounds with consistently low larval supply. Grounds off Ireland had varying characteristics related to their ability to retain and exchange larvae which was influenced by the local hydrodynamic regime and spatial isolation from other grounds. Larval supply was consistently low on the Aran grounds to the west of Ireland, which have experienced abundance declines in the past. The time series of modelled larval dispersal indices at the Aran grounds was linked to empirical adult burrow densities with a 3‐year lag. Whereas the western Irish Sea, which has consistently high larval supply, showed no such relationship. Models can provide important larval recruitment information early in the life cycle for species of commercial or conservation importance.
ERNST TOLLER'S LETTERS FROM EXILE, 1933–1939
Authors: Schuchter Veronika 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThis article examines Toller's experiences in exile, with particular attention given to the genre of letters. Based on his correspondence from exile, the paper aims to trace the disparity in Ernst Toller's experience of life away from his homeland, focusing on his time in New York but also comparing it to the other locations: London and Hollywood. The editing of his letters has shown that Toller's experience of exile differed greatly from that of other German expatriates. There is no evidence that New York became a new home to him; neither topography nor people are described in detail. He hardly ever writes about his everyday life, and neither the content nor the style of his letters shows any significant difference from those written before his exile. This may of course be due to the fact that Toller's life was a succession of extreme situations: war, imprisonment, political persecution and separation. In conclusion, the article also discusses the Briefe aus dem Gefängnis, published in 1935, and argues that, not least because of their publication context and their paratext, they also sit within the context of the exile experience and represent an engaged commentary on the National Socialists’ seizure of power in Germany.
Just because it don't look heavy, don't mean it ain't: An intersectional analysis of Black women's labor as faculty during COVID
Authors: Porter Christa J. , Boss Ginny Jones , Davis Tiffany J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of our scholarly personal narrative was to examine how COVID‐19 and an increased awareness of anti‐Blackness in the United States have exacerbated our labor as Black women faculty, with particular focus on teaching and service responsibilities. Dill and Zambrana's (2009) four theoretical interventions of intersectionality guided our study, and we situated our composite narratives within structural, disciplinary, hegemonic, and interpersonal power domains. Our four composite narratives included (1) Interest convergence, there is no real true investment in change; (2) Institutional intent versus impact, I don't know how it will be incorporated; (3) Perpetuation of Black women's labor, just because it don't look heavy, don't mean it ain't; and (4) Reclaiming my time, and it's not because I don't like them, but it's because I love me. Implications for practice and policy are discussed.
Europe's post‐pandemic internationalisation: Challenges and possibilities in a decidedly networked future
Authors: Ferencz Irina , Rumbley Laura E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSeveral specific characteristics have affected the way the European higher education sector has responded to the multiple crises engendered by the pandemic and will help shape the post‐pandemic picture in relation to internationalisation. Mobility, internationalisation at home, and the region's social responsibility agenda are areas that have been both particularly affected by the pandemic and will be of ongoing importance in the post‐pandemic era. Meanwhile, the increasing prevalence of strategic actorhood in helping to define the profiles of European higher education institutions (HEIs) has a direct bearing on how HEIs have been navigating the circumstances presented by the pandemic. Affiliation with meta‐organisations, and collaboration through (strategic) partnerships and alliances (particularly in the form of the newly launched European Universities) have emerged as important avenues for institutional development and strategic action. Networked approaches—with an array of challenges and opportunities embedded in these collaborations—will play a key role in the future of internationalisation in Europe.