bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The hydrogen storage nanomaterial MgH
2
improves irradiation-induced male fertility impairment by suppressing oxidative stress
Authors: Ma Jing , Dong Suhe , Lu Hongtao , Chen Zhongmin , Yu Huijie , Sun Xuejun , Peng Renjun , Li Wei , Wang Sinian , Jiang Qisheng , Li Fengsheng , Ma Li 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to reveal the protective effect of hydrogen storage nanomaterial MgH
2
on radiation-induced male fertility impairment.

Methods

The characterization of MgH
2
were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size analyzer. The safety of MgH
2
were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. The radioprotective effect of MgH
2
on the reproductive system were analyzed in mice, including sperm quality, genetic effect, spermatogenesis, and hormone secretion. ESR, flow cytometry and western blotting assay were used to reveal the underlying mechanisms.

Results

MgH
2
had an irregular spherical morphology and a particle size of approximately 463.2 nm, and the content of Mg reached 71.46%. MgH
2
was safe and nontoxic in mice and cells. After irradiation, MgH
2
treatment significantly protected testicular structure, increased sperm density, improved sperm motility, reduced deformity rates, and reduced the genetic toxicity. Particularly, the sperm motility were consistent with those in MH mice and human semen samples. Furthermore, MgH
2
treatment could maintain hormone secretion and testicular spermatogenesis, especially the generation of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and round sperm cells. In vitro, MgH
2
eliminated the [·OH], suppressed the irradiation-induced increase in ROS production, and effectively alleviated the increase in MDA contents. Moreover, MgH
2
significantly ameliorated apoptosis in testes and cells and reversed the G2/M phase cell cycle arrest induced by irradiation. In addition, MgH
2
inhibited the activation of radiation-induced inflammation and pyroptosis.

Conclusion

MgH
2
improved irradiation-induced male fertility impairment by eliminating hydroxyl free radicals.

Graphical abstract

Mice fertility and function were evaluated with or without MgH
2
treatment after 5 Gy irradiation. MgH
2
had the ability of hydroxyl radicals scavenging and MDA suppressing in testicular tissue induced by irradiation. Further, MgH
2
could participate in spermatogenesis and protect sperm development in three stages: the generation of Sertoli cells (
Sox-9+
), spermatogonia (
Stra8+
) and round sperm cells (
Crem+
). Moreover, MgH
2
alleviated the decrease of testosterone secreted by interstitial cells after irradiation. In addition, MgH
2
suppressed apoptosis, pyroptosis and inflammatory response and alleviated cell cycle arrest by mediating IR-induced ROS.
Design of live-attenuated animal vaccines based on pseudorabies virus platform
Authors: Liu Zhen , Kong Zhengjie , Chen Meng , Shang Yingli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPseudorabies virus (PRV) is a double-stranded DNA virus with a genome approximating 150 kb in size. PRV contains many non-essential genes that can be replaced with genes encoding heterogenous antigens without affecting viral propagation. With the ability to induce cellular, humoral and mucosal immune responses in the host, PRV is considered to be an ideal and potential live vector for generation of animal vaccines. In this review, we summarize the advances in attenuated recombinant PRVs and design of PRV-based live vaccines as well as the challenge of vaccine application.
Pacsin2 is required for endocytosis in the zebrafish pronephric tubule
Authors: Morgan Joseph , Yarwood Rebecca , Starborg Tobias , Yan Guanhua , Lowe Martin 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Endocytosis mediates the cellular uptake of numerous molecules from the extracellular space and is a fundamentally important process. In the renal proximal tubule, the scavenger receptor megalin and its co-receptor cubilin mediate endocytosis of low molecular weight proteins from the renal filtrate. However, the extent to which megalin endocytosis relies on different components of the trafficking machinery remains relatively poorly defined in vivo. In this study, we identify a functional requirement for the F-BAR protein pacsin2 in endocytosis in the renal proximal tubule of zebrafish larvae. Pacsin2 is expressed throughout development and in all zebrafish tissues, similar to the mammalian orthologue. Within renal tubular epithelial cells, pacsin2 is enriched at the apical pole where it is localised to endocytic structures. Loss of pacsin2 results in reduced endocytosis within the proximal tubule, which is accompanied by a reduction in the abundance of megalin and endocytic organelles. Our results indicate that pacsin2 is required for efficient endocytosis in the proximal tubule, where it likely cooperates with other trafficking machinery to maintain endocytic uptake and recycling of megalin.
Loss of perinuclear theca ACTRT1 causes acrosome detachment and severe male subfertility in mice
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Zhen , Wei Lin-Lin , Zhang Xiao-Hui , Jin Hui-Juan , Chen Su-Ren 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The perinuclear theca (PT) is a cytoskeletal element encapsulating the sperm nucleus; however, the physiological roles of the PT in sperm are largely uncertain. Here, we reveal that ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A and ACTL9 proteins interact to form a multimeric complex and localize to the subacrosomal region of spermatids. Furthermore, we engineered Actrt1-knockout (KO) mice to define the functions of ACTRT1. Despite normal sperm count and motility, Actrt1-KO males were severely subfertile owing to a deficiency in fertilization. Loss of ACTRT1 caused a high incidence of malformed heads and detachment of acrosomes from sperm nuclei, caused by loosened acroplaxome structure during spermiogenesis. Furthermore, Actrt1-KO sperm showed reduced ACTL7A and PLCζ protein content as a potential cause of fertilization defects. Moreover, we reveal that ACTRT1 anchors developing acrosomes to the nucleus, likely by interacting with the inner acrosomal membrane protein SPACA1 and the nuclear envelope proteins PARP11 and SPATA46. Loss of ACTRT1 weakened the interaction between ACTL7A and SPACA1. Our study and recent findings of ACTL7A/ACTL9-deficient sperm together reveal that the sperm PT-specific ARP complex mediates the acrosome-nucleus connection.
Ice-like Structure of Water Confined in Hydrophobic Sub-nanometer Spaces at Room Temperature
Authors: Sugiyama Yasuhiro , Futamura Ryusuke , Iiyama Taku 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Properties of water confined in nanoporous carbon are significantly different from those of bulk water. In this study, we investigate the micro- and mesoscopic structure of the confined water using in-situ X-ray scattering measurements. In hydrophobic sub-nanometer spaces, the water density is almost constant from 20 to 298 K, and hydrogen bonding networks are highly developed at room temperature, suggesting that the ice-like structure is maintained in sub-nanometer carbon slit pores even at room temperature.
The interventional radiology gender gap: perspectives from the international IR training survey
Authors: Theodoulou Iakovos , Dost Samiullah , Burrows Victoria , Lyall Fiona , Wah Tze Min , Makris Gregory C 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
This study sought to examine international interventional radiology (IR) training standards and perceptions. This survey aims to identify gender-based barriers and inequities effecting uptake, retention and experience of trainees in IR.

Methods:
An anonymous survey was created using Survey Monkey and distributed as a single-use weblink via eight IR national and international societies around the world. Data analysis was conducted to highlight gender-specific trends and identify any differences.

Results:
Motivation factors given for following a career in IR revealed gender differences in factors such as mentoring (8.7 F vs 21.6% M) and influence from senior colleagues (15.2 F vs 25.0% M). The overwhelming majority across both genders (82.6 F vs 81.3% M) agreed or strongly agreed that early exposure to IR training at Year 1 had a positive impact on career choice. A good work life balance was positively reported in 48.2% of female respondents compared to 45.2% in males. There were no significant differences in satisfaction with the various aspects of IR training. All differences observed between genders, exceeded the 0.05 significance level.

Conclusion:
This survey offers many insights into the current international landscape of IR training. Ongoing evaluation is vital to inform recruitment practices and initiatives to bridge gender inequities and attract more females into IR.

Advances in knowledge:
This study has revealed that increasing and optimising mentoring opportunities may be the first step in increasing awareness of IR and maximising potential female recruits.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody lateral flow assay for antibody prevalence studies following vaccination: a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Cann Alexandra , Clarke Candice , Brown Jonathan , Thomson Tina , Prendecki Maria , Moshe Maya , Badhan Anjna , Simmons Bryony , Klaber Bob , Elliott Paul , Darzi Ara , Riley Steven , Ashby Deborah , Martin Paul , Gleeson Sarah , Willicombe Michelle , Kelleher Peter , Ward Helen , Barclay Wendy S. , Cooke Graham S. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) are able to achieve affordable, large scale antibody testing and provide rapid results without the support of central laboratories. As part of the development of the REACT programme extensive evaluation of LFIA performance was undertaken with individuals following natural infection. Here we assess the performance of the selected LFIA to detect antibody responses in individuals who have received at least one dose of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine. Methods: This was a prospective diagnostic accuracy study. Sampling was carried out at renal outpatient clinic and healthcare worker testing sites at Imperial College London NHS Trust. Two cohorts of patients were recruited; the first was a cohort of 108 renal transplant patients attending clinic following two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, the second cohort comprised 40 healthcare workers attending for first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and subsequent follow up. During the participants visit, finger-prick blood samples were analysed on LFIA device, while paired venous sampling was sent for serological assessment of antibodies to the spike protein (anti-S) antibodies. Anti-S IgG was detected using the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG Quant II CMIA. A total of 186 paired samples were collected. The accuracy of Fortress LFIA in detecting IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 compared to anti-spike protein detection on Abbott Assay Results: The LFIA had an estimated sensitivity of 92.0% (114/124; 95% confidence interval [CI] 85.7% to 96.1%) and specificity of 93.6% (58/62; 95% CI 84.3% to 98.2%) using the Abbott assay as reference standard (using the threshold for positivity of 7.10 BAU/ml) Conclusions: Fortress LFIA performs well in the detection of antibody responses for intended purpose of population level surveillance but does not meet criteria for individual testing.
A Prediction Based Bidding Strategy for Social Welfare Improvement in Uniform Pricing Mechanism
Authors: Rajasekhar G. V. , Surekha P. 
Published: May 2022

In the new competitive electricity market, bidding plays a significant role in the area of power trading. The participants are partaking in the trading procedure for a fixed amount of power. The price at which a single buyer bids a block of power influences both the net volume of power cleared and the market-clearing price of electricity traded in the entire network. In this paper, different bidding strategies are defined and simulated. The defined strategies show the dependency on the bid price for clearing a bid. The net earnings of the buyers and sellers depend on the bid price. The selection of bid price for each block of power is studied such that the total volume of power cleared is equal to the participating buyers’ total power demand. The study focuses on determining the optimal bid to result in maximum societal benefit. In addition to the bid price effect on the volume of power cleared, the bid price prediction is also performed in this work using linear regression. The predicted Locational Marginal Price (LMP) of the buyers for different volumes of power cleared is estimated. The results are further compared with LMP obtained using an ordinary load flow problem through which a margin change in the net earnings is observed. An IEEE-30 bus system is simulated with different bidding strategies using MATLAB, and the predicted LMP shows a significant increase in net earnings.
Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy for renal transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hinojosa-Gonzalez DE , Roblesgil-Medrano A , Tellez-Giron VC , Torres-Martinez M , Galindo-Garza CA , Estrada-Mendizabal RJ , Alanis-Garza C , Gonzalez-Bonilla EA , Flores-Villalba E 
Published: May 2022

Introduction Renal transplantation remains the definitive treatment for end-stage renal disease. Currently employed minimally invasive techniques include robotic-assisted laparoscopy and laparoscopy. This study aims to determine whether either method provides an advantage. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted. Data were analysed using Review Manager 5.3. Results A total of 12 studies were included. Operative time and operative bleeding were similar between both approaches, with a mean difference (MD) of 16min (95% confidence interval (CI) −4.06, 37.38; p = 0.11) and 10.44ml (95% CI −43.89, 64.78; p = 0.71), respectively. Robotics had longer warm ischemia time (MD 1.14min; 95% CI 0.65, 1.63; p = 0.00001) but reduced length of stay (LOS) (MD −0.23days; 95% CI −0.45, −0.01; p = 0.04) and pain (MD −1.26 VAS; 95% CI −1.77, 0.75). Similar complication and conversion rates were seen among groups. Conclusions Robotic approaches provide a viable alternative to laparoscopic surgery. Operative time, bleeding volumes, complications and conversion rates are similar between both techniques; apparent robotic advantages on LOS and Pain need to be better analysed by future studies.
Relationship between guideline adherence and outcomes in severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Dheansa S , Rajwani KM , Pang G , Bench S , Kailaya-Vasan A , Maratos E , Lavrador JP , Bhangoo R , Tolias CM 
Published: May 2022

Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Evidence-based guidelines for managing severe TBI have been available for over 25 years. However, adherence to guidelines remains variable despite evidence highlighting improvement in outcomes with individual recommendations. There is limited evidence to support a superior outcome with compliance to whole sets of recommendations. The aim of this review was to determine whether adherence to TBI guidelines as a package improves outcomes in adults and paediatric patients with severe TBI. Methods A structured literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE®, Embase™, PubMed and CINAHL® (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) databases. Studies were considered eligible for inclusion in this review if they were quantitative studies investigating the use of TBI guidelines in relation to one or more of the following outcomes: mortality, functional outcome and length of hospital stay. Results Nine cohort studies were identified that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and answered the clinical question. A review of these papers was conducted. Conclusions Mortality after severe TBI improves with increasing adherence to evidence-based guidelines in both adults and children. The evidence also suggests that compliance with guideline recommendations results in improved functional outcomes and reduced length of hospital stay.
Prevalence and factors associated with hyperglycemia in a rural population of Tanvè and Dékanmey in Benin in 2019
Authors: Amegan Nicolas Hamondji , Amidou Ariyoh Salmane , Houehanou Corine Yessito , Robin Helene , Gbaguidi Gwladys Nadia , Fassinou Corine Agathe Lucresse , Amoussou-Guenou Kuassi Daniel , Preux Pierre-Marie , Lacroix Philippe , Houinato Stephan Dismand ,   on behalf of TAHES group
Published: May 2022

Background
Hyperglycemia leads to serious damage to the body, especially the blood vessels and nerves. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hyperglycemia in a rural population of Tanvè and Dékanmey in Benin in 2019.

Materials and methods
This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, nested in the Tanvè Health Study (TAHES) cohort. It covered all residents of the villages of Tanvè and Dékanmey, aged 25 years and above, and having given their written consent. Data were collected in the households during the fourth annual monitoring visit in 2019 using the WHO STEPS Wise approach. Hyperglycemia was defined as a fasting capillary blood glucose value ≥ 110 mg/dL. Data were analyzed with R Studio software version 3.5.1.

Results
A total of 1331 subjects were included in the study with a 60% female predominance and a sex ratio (male/female) of 0.7. The median age was 40 years (Q1 = 32 years; Q3 = 53 years) with a range of 25 and 98 years. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 4.6%. In multivariate analysis, advanced age (AOR = 1.03; 95%CI = 1.02–1.73; p = 0.004), male sex (AOR = 2.93; 95%CI = 1.49–5.84; p = 0.023), monthly income> 105,000 FCFA (AOR = 2.63; 95%CI = 1.24–5.63; p = 0.030), abdominal obesity (AOR = 2.80; 95%CI = 1.29–6.16; p = 0.007, and obesity (AOR = 1.68; 95%CI = 0.75–3.59; p = 0.004) were statistically associated with hyperglycemia.

Conclusion
The prevalence of hyperglycemia is not negligible in rural areas in Benin. Our study found that older age, male gender, high income, abdominal obesity, and obesity are determining factors in its occurrence.
Increased expression of SPRR1A is associated with a poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yamakawa Kohei , Koyanagi-Aoi Michiyo , Uehara Keiichiro , Masuda Atsuhiro , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Toyama Hirochika , Fukumoto Takumi , Kodama Yuzo , Aoi Takashi 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
Small proline-rich protein 1A (SPRR1A) is recognized as a squamous differentiation marker but is also upregulated in some non-squamous cancers. However, its expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been investigated. This study elucidated the expression of SPRR1A in PDAC and its effect on the prognosis and malignant behavior of PDAC.

Methods
We examined the SPRR1A expression by immunohistochemistry in 86 surgical PDAC cases and revealed the relationship between its expression and the prognosis of the PDAC patients. Furthermore, we overexpressed SPRR1A in pancreatic cancer cell lines (PK-1 and Panc-1) and assessed the phenotype and gene expression changes in vitro.

Results
Among the 84 cases, excluding 2 with squamous differentiation, 31 (36.9%) had a high SPRR1A expression. The overall survival (median 22.1 months vs. 33.6 months, p = 0.0357) and recurrence-free survival (median 10.7 months vs. 15.5 months, p = 0.0298) were significantly lower in the high-SPRR1A-expression group than in the low-SPRR1A-expression group. A multivariate analysis indicated that a high SPRR1A expression (HR 1.706, 95% CI 1.018 to 2.862, p = 0.0427) and residual tumor status (HR 2.687, 95% CI 1.487 to 4.855, p = 0.00106) were independent prognostic factors. The analysis of TCGA transcriptome data demonstrated that the high-SPRR1A-expression group had a significantly worse prognosis than the low-SPRR1A-expression group, which supported our data. SPRR1A overexpression in PK-1 and Panc-1 did not result in remarkable changes to in vitro phenotypes, such as the cell proliferation, chemo-resistance, EMT, migration or global gene expression.

Conclusion
Increased expression of SPRR1A is associated with a poor prognosis in PDAC and may serve as a novel prognostic marker. However, our in vitro study suggests that the SPRR1A expression may be a consequence, not a cause, of the aggressive behavior of PDAC.
Predicting risks of low birth weight in Bangladesh with machine learning
Authors: Islam Pollob S. M. Ashikul , Abedin Md. Menhazul , Islam Md. Touhidul , Islam Md. Merajul , Maniruzzaman Md. 
Published: May 2022

Background and objective
Low birth weight is one of the primary causes of child mortality and several diseases of future life in developing countries, especially in Southern Asia. The main objective of this study is to determine the risk factors of low birth weight and predict low birth weight babies based on machine learning algorithms.

Materials and methods
Low birth weight data has been taken from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–18, which had 2351 respondents. The risk factors associated with low birth weight were investigated using binary logistic regression. Two machine learning-based classifiers (logistic regression and decision tree) were adopted to characterize and predict low birth weight. The model performances were evaluated by accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve.

Results
The average percentage of low birth weight in Bangladesh was 16.2%. The respondent’s region, education, wealth index, height, twin child, and alive child were statistically significant risk factors for low birth weight babies. The logistic regression-based classifier performed 87.6% accuracy and 0.59 area under the curve for holdout (90:10) cross-validation, whereas the decision tree performed 85.4% accuracy and 0.55 area under the curve.

Conclusions
Logistic regression-based classifier provided the most accurate classification of low birth weight babies and has the highest accuracy. This study’s findings indicate the necessity for an efficient, cost-effective, and integrated complementary approach to reduce and correctly predict low birth weight babies in Bangladesh.