bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“A man must laugh, or die”: Visual Interpretations of Poe’s Comical and Parodical Tales
Authors: Rigal-Aragón Margarita , González-Moreno Fernando 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A brief overview of Poe’s most iconic illustrated editions shows that the humorous and satirical features of his texts have called the attention of fewer editors and artists than the aspects of the beautiful, the sublime, the arabesque, the grotesque, the macabre, and so forth. Here we review many of the freshest and liveliest interpretations in which parody is put forward, using as a reference some exceptional visual renderings that also display the likes of times and places. The early interpretations provided by artists such as Church (1884), Sterner (1894–95), or Coburn (1902); later on by Servolini (1929), Rackham (1935), Bofa (1941), Eichenberg (1944), or Dubout (1948); in the second part of the twentieth century by Calsina (1971); and very recently by Grimly (2004, 2009) prove that the parodical side of Poe’s oeuvre mattered and still matters.
Pinter in the Time of Pandemic
Authors: Chattopadhyay Arka 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
This article examines the power dynamic in the clinical communication between the doctor and the patient in Harold Pinter's play A Kind of Alaska (1982). It approaches the medical metaphors that go back and forth between Hornby and Deborah to comment on the politics of these metaphors, situating the doctor's diagnostic metaphor as well as the patient's self-expressive metaphor as a critique of the doctor's domination. The article thus speaks to the urgent relevance of Pinter in our pandemic-infested times.
Reflections of a Jewish Theatremaker During the Pandemic
Authors: Chack David 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
As a Jew who does theatre, I find that my work has not only been forced to deal with the inability to produce and perform live theatre, but at the same time doing Jewish theatre has now taken on multiple meanings … where swastikas are brandished at rallies to blame governors for regulations to stay at home and quarantine. Posters of rats bringing this plague were decorated with Jewish Stars and parts of Mein Kampf were used in a Kentucky police training manual—what is a Jewish theatremaker to do?
Pinterian Violence and the Problem of Affirmation
Authors: Watt Stephen 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
This article positions Harold Pinter's later plays within the context of both rationalizations of violent means to achieve justifiable ends and a tradition of violent staging at the Royal Court Theatre. The former context includes explanations of violence in dramatic Tragedy, in Antonin Artaud's Theatre of Cruelty, and Edward Bond's political theatre; the latter, scenes of violence in the post–“In-Yer-Face” plays of Simon Stephens, David Ireland, and Jez Butterworth. The argument finally arrives at Pinter's increasingly negative worldview that while no discourse can justify the use of violent means to achieve desired ends, violence is both omnipresent and inevitable in human events.
Pinter and Poetry
Authors: Lawson Peter 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Harold Pinter began and ended his writing life as a poet. “New Year in the Midlands” was published by Poetry London in 1950, and in 2005 Pinter announced that he had given up writing plays in order to concentrate on politics and poetry. This article discusses five categories of poetry by Pinter: (1) the Dylan Thomasesque (from the 1940s onwards); (2) love poems to Antonia Fraser; (3) cricket poems; (4) elegies; and (5) political poems (mainly from the 1990s, and published together in the pamphlet War [2003]). It argues that his Dylan Thomasesque poems, such as “New Year in the Midlands” and “I Shall Tear off my Terrible Cap” (1951), openly engage with an aesthetic, humanist, Jewish, and theatrical ambiguity. Although Pinter's later poems (like his later plays) strive for emotional and political clarity, they too share an aesthetic and linguistic no-man's-land somewhere between utopian celebration and dystopian trauma.
“Our Beginnings Never Know Our Ends”
Authors: Wilcox Zoë , Andrews Jamie 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
This article documents and assesses the growth of the Harold Pinter Archive at the British Library from the initial deposit on loan in 1993, through the permanent acquisition in 2007. The article also summarizes all of the Pinter-related additions to the Library's archival holdings since 1993 and relates new discoveries in Pinter's letters to his work for the theatre. The coauthors, who worked on the Pinter archive at different periods, offer personal perspectives on archiving Pinter, and on the processes and events, both inside and external to the British Library, relating to the acquisition of the papers and then their expansion.
What Do We Teach When We Teach Harold Pinter?
Authors: Roberts Matthew 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
This article explores the relationship between Harold Pinter's political plays and Paulo Freire's critical pedagogy. Situating this discussion within the context of neoliberalism and its impact on higher education, the article argues that teaching the work of Harold Pinter can manifest Freire's commitment to education as a practice of freedom, whereby individuals enter into dialogue with one another in order to identify, discuss, and overcome oppression and exploitation. In particular, the article addresses how Pinter's political plays encourage students and teachers alike to develop the critical consciousness necessary to transform oppressive socioeconomic structures and the political institutions that reinforce them.
Water Price Reforms in Senegal: Distributional Impact Analysis
Authors: Boccanfuso Dorothée , Estache Antonio , Savard Luc 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on the distribution impact from Senegal's water reforms with emphasis on rates reforms. We first analyze the evolution of consumption patterns before and after the reforms. We found that most of the gains accrue to the highest income classes while the poor have seen little changes. We then use a multi-household integrated Computable General Equilibrium model (CGE) to analyze the impact of water pricing reforms on poverty in Senegal. We conclude that the simulated price increases for the sector have marginal effects on government finances but positive effects on most actors except households unless specific transfer programs are introduced to protect the poor.
The Demand for Money in Sierra Leone Revisited
Authors: Kallon Kelfala M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper uses Johansen's cointegration methodology to estimate Sierra Leone's money long run demand function for the 1964-2005 period. It finds a stable long-run relationship between the quantity of real money balances and its determinants. Secondly, all the estimated coefficients have their expected signs. Additionally, as expected in economies with under-developed financial systems, Sierra Leone's long-run money demand function is unit income-elastic and interest-rate inelastic. Thus, the study provides support for the neoclassical money demand specification. Additionally, it reaffirms the central findings of Kallon (1992).
The Niger Delta Crisis: A Social Justice Approach to the Analysis of Two Conflict Eras
Authors: Ako Rhuks , Okonmah Patrick , Ogunleye Taiwo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper analyzes the parallels in two conflict eras in the Niger Delta region with a view to highlighting how salient issues in the resolution of the old conflicts remain germane to contemporary conflicts. The first conflict era refers to the trade in palm oil during the nineteenth century while the second period refers to the on-going conflicts caused and/or exacerbated by the exploitation of crude oil from the Niger Delta region. The paper identifies issues including the socio-economic importance of the products (palm oil and crude oil), the parties to the conflicts and the fundamental causes of the violent conflicts as common to both conflict eras. The paper's central argument, based on social justice normative concepts of distribution and recognition, is that the exclusion of the local communities from participating in the exploitation and benefits of the resources (palm oil and crude oil) in both eras instigated local restiveness. It posits that the recognition of these concepts that contributed to the resolution of the conflicts during the palm oil era are essential to the resolution of the multifarious conflicts caused (directly or indirectly) by the exploitation of crude oil in present times. Consequently, the paper suggests that public participation in the crude oil industry be integrated into initiatives programmed to bring sustainable peace to the troubled Niger Delta region.
Trade Relations between the GCC and South Africa
Authors: Baliamoune-Lutz Mina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, I present an overview of major similarities and differences between the GCC countries and South Africa and describe South Africa's trade with the Arab Gulf by examining South Africa and GCC's major traded commodities and South Africa's trade with its major trading partners and with the GCC countries. Then I discuss those trade areas that seem to be most promising in South Africa's trade relations with the six GCC countries. Finally, I outline potential future developments. While I primarily discuss these issues from the perspective of South Africa, I also point out potential trade opportunities from GCC countries' perspective.
Today the Arab countries of the Middle East face a challenge familiar to all South Africans: to create jobs for the large cohort of young people reaching working age. Over the next decade or so, the Middle East may experience population growth of 150m people – the equivalent of adding two Egypts. In demographic terms, the task is similar to that facing SA–only larger. Rising labor force participation by women only increases the pressure. The task is immense and the stakes are high.
Marcus Noland and Howard Pack (2008), Global Dialogue
The Global Financial Crisis and Workers' Remittances to Africa: What's the Damage?
Authors: Barajas Adolfo , Chami Ralph , Fullenkamp Connel , Garg Anjali 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We estimate the impact of the recent global economic crisis on remittances into Africa for the period 2009-2010. Interestingly, the majority of remittances seem to flow within the African continent. The magnitude of the forecast decreases in remittance flows into African countries varies between 3 and 14 percentage points. African migrants to Europe will be hardest hit while migrants within Africa will be least affected by the crisis. We estimate the impact of the drop in remittances on home country GDP. For countries where the ratio of these flows to home country GDP is high, GDP is expected to drop by almost 2 percent for 2009. The negative effect of the crisis, however, is likely to be short-lived, as host country income is likely to rise in 2010 for virtually all African remittance-recipient countries.
Young Women's Marital Status and HIV Risk in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Lesotho, Swaziland and Zimbabwe
Authors: Asiedu Christobel , Asiedu Elizabeth , Owusu Francis 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper examines whether marriage increases the risk of HIV infection among women aged 15-24 in Lesotho, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. We find that in all the three countries, the risk of infection is significantly lower for never-married young women than ever-married young women; however, the difference in risk disappears when we control for age, educational attainment, household wealth, and area of residence. Thus, our result highlights the importance of socio-economic and demographic factors in analyzing the link between marital status and HIV risk among young women. Particularly, our findings show that age and education play a crucial role in determining the level of HIV/AIDS risk for young women. The result also implies that marriage as an institution does not necessarily elevate the risk of HIV infection among young women.
Agricultural Industrialization and Income Distribution in Developing Countries: A Focus on the Poultry Sector
Authors: Marwa Nyankomo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The emergence of agricultural industrialization has posed major challenges for smallholder farmers in developing countries, especially sub-Saharan Africa. Using the poultry sector as a case study, we examine the strength and challenges of existing models of integration in terms of efficiency, productivity and social wellbeing. Models of cooperative, monopoly and oligopoly market structures were utilized under a variety of assumptions. We used a multi-market model to disaggregate the producers' and consumers' surplus resulting from the current production system and to study its ramification to income distribution across different groups in the economy. We find that, on the basis of our research, producers' cooperative and proposed hybrid arrangements may result in a relatively less skewed model of income distribution among the economic agents. The two alternative arrangements are plausible future policy options especially where smallholdings by farmers predominate.
Africa and the Indian Ocean: Trade, Investments, Global Partnerships, and Lessons
Authors: Nyarko Yaw 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe relationships between Africa and the Indian Ocean span millennia. Between nations in Africa and those on the Indian Ocean there are opportunities for greater trade, for increased investments and for enhanced geo-political cooperation. Further, an evaluation of the economic trajectories of the Africa and Indian Ocean countries provide many important lessons in economic development. These issues were discussed in a series of presentations at the “Africa and the Indian Ocean” conference hosted by New York University in Abu Dhabi in March of 2010, and published in this volume. This paper provides an introduction to the papers in this volume from the 2010 conference.
China's Economic Cooperation with Africa
Authors: Giovannetti Giorgia , Sanfilippo Marco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChina, still considered itself a developing country, is becoming an increasingly important ‘new’ donor for many African countries. Its own model of foreign assistance, providing aid in the form of economic cooperation based on the achievement of mutual economic benefits and on the principle of non-interference in internal political questions of the host countries, has allowed a diffuse and rapid penetration. Furthermore, China has gained considerable room and influence in countries where traditional donors have reduced their commitments or have disengaged. After reviewing the major features of Chinese aid to Africa, focusing on economic cooperation projects, the paper empirically assesses the importance of Chinese aid activities, rapidly becoming the major source of external finance for a number of politically weak and fragile African countries.
China's Challenge to India's Economic Hegemony over Mauritius: A Tale of Two Giants and a Pigmy
Authors: Ancharaz Vinaye Dey 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper documents how China is crowding out India's presence in the Mauritian economy by presenting a comparative analysis of Mauritius' engagement with the Asian drivers in terms of trade, investment and aid. China has surpassed India to become Mauritius' second most important import partner. Chinese investments have significantly increased, with China setting up a special economic zone in Mauritius. China's presence is also remarkable in aid, with the Chinese winning several tenders for construction and public infrastructure works as part of a strategy of aid. In contrast, India is virtually absent at this level. The paper flags some critical issues raised by China's unfolding economic dominance and offers policy options for dealing with them.
Democracy and Corruption: On the Limited Role of Political Accountability in Deterring Asset Stripping
Authors: Ayogu Melvin D. , Gwatidzo Tendai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Focusing on capital flight of the worst kind for developing countries—stolen public assets—we develop a model which shows that both the threat of losing elective office and its complement, the threat of delayed detection, do not affect the choice of whether to plunder or not. Rather they mitigate the level of plundering. The role of instantaneous detection in the model drives the implication that separating a miscreant from the benefits of his crime can be an effective deterrent. However, such weaponry requires investment in the capabilities for “integrated financial investigation” and international cooperation. The ideas espoused in this paper corroborate the logic of the StAR initiative of the UNODC and the World Bank. We suggest the development of a research agenda on how to (i) grow adequate capabilities for detection, and (ii) create the political demand for the required international cooperation.
Conflicts and Peace Dividends in Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Fofack Hippolyte 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa's dismal development outcomes—growth collapse and declining real income—are often used to highlight its sharp development contrast with other regions of the developing world. Drawing on a large cross-section analysis, this paper shows that Africa's underlying dismal growth performance can be largely accounted for by high political risk and uncertainty which undermined investments and growth prospects in the region over most of the post-independence era. This hypothesis is further supported by empirical evidence. In particular, counterfactual simulations based on a variation of neoclassical growth models and under the hypothetical equalization of political risk profile alternative result in large economic returns, reflected in the significantly higher level of aggregate output and income in the subset of conflict-affected countries. Income levels get even higher when the hypothetical reduction of political risks alternative is accompanied by sustained increases in capital accumulation.
“Be always at war with your vices, at peace with your neighbors and let each new year find you a better man.” - Benjamin Franklin
The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Food Security: The Experience of Selected African Countries
Authors: Bezuneh Mesfin , Yiheyis Zelealem 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As part of structural adjustment, trade liberalization has been promoted by the World Bank and IMF based on the argument that openness to trade will contribute to economic growth and development. As a result, most developing countries took the challenge to liberalize their economies. Trade liberalization was expected to reduce poverty and improve food security. To our knowledge, there is little or no consensus about the empirical relationship between trade liberalization events and food security. The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of trade liberalization on food availability in selected African countries. The paper found no evidence that liberalization improved food availability in the study countries.
Understanding Economic Transformation in Africa Through Country Studies
Authors: Headey Derek , McMillan Margaret 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Economic transformation typically entails changes in the structure of output and the movement of labor from rural to urban areas as the significance of agriculture declines. In most rich countries, this process is accompanied by industrialization. Little is known about this process in Africa at least in part because of a lack of reliable data. To bridge this gap in knowledge, each of the six Africa based country strategy support programs of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) commissioned papers on economic transformation in Africa. The countries studied are Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria and Uganda. In May 2011, IFPRI together with Ghana's Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER) hosted a conference in Accra in May 2011 where the papers were presented and discussed. These papers are published in this volume and this note provides an introduction to these papers.
Economic Growth without Structural Transformation: The Case of Ethiopia
Authors: Dorosh Paul , Schmidt Emily , Shiferaw Admasu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ethiopia is a highly agrarian economy, with a long history of substantial food insecurity. In recent years, however, the economy has seen substantial economic transformation, largely in the form of increased agricultural productivity and significant improvements in road infrastructure. But while these investments have contributed to impressive poverty reduction in recent years, structural transformation has been inhibited by the relatively slow development of an industrial sector, and modest rates of urbanization. Future development strategies will therefore need to search for the right balance between pro-poor investments in agriculture and rural development, and potentially more transformative investments in urban infrastructure and industry.
Economic Transformation in Ghana: Where Will the Path Lead?
Authors: Kolavalli Shashidhara , Diao Xinshen , Folledo Renato , Ngeleza Guyslain , Robinson Elizabeth , Alpuerto Vida , Slavova Mira , Asante Felix 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the context of the Ghanaian government's objective of structural transformation with an emphasis on manufacturing, this paper provides a case study of economic transformation in Ghana, exploring patterns of growth, sector transformation, and agglomeration. We document and examine why, despite impressive growth and poverty reduction figures, Ghana's economy has exhibited less transformation than might be expected for a country that has recently achieved middle-income status. Ghana's reduced share of agriculture in the economy, unlike many successfully transformed countries in Asia and Latin America, has been filled by services, while manufacturing has stagnated and even declined. Likely causes include weak transformation of the agricultural sector and therefore little development of agro-processing, the emergence of “consumption cities” and consumption-driven growth, upward pressure on the exchange rate, weak production linkages, and a poor environment for private-sector-led manufacturing.
Growth without Change? A Case Study of Economic Transformation in Mozambique
Authors: Cunguara Benedito , Fagilde Gorka , Garrett James , Uaiene Rafael , Headey Derek 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mozambique is generally perceived as having experienced rapid economic growth and urbanization. In this paper we re-evaluate structural transformation in Mozambique through a variety of data. We find that the structural transformation of Mozambique is dualistic in several dimensions. The composition of output has changed rapidly on the back of various industrial “mega-projects”, yet both the share of agriculture in total employment and the national poverty rate have scarcely declined at all. In agriculture, there has been some promising growth in the cash crop sector, yet productivity of major food crops stagnated for most of the 2000s. And while the south of the country is significantly urbanized, spatially disaggregated population estimates suggest that Mozambique has experienced much less urbanization than UN data would suggest. These facts suggest that a more pro-poor strategy should exploit the pro-poor growth potential of the agricultural sector, as well as improving the business environment for the small and medium enterprise sector.