bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Father's Education on Increasing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Health Protocols in Preventing COVID-19 in Nursing Students
Authors: Sinaga Sarma Eko Natalia 
Published: June 2022

Aims : This study aims to determine the effect of father's education on increasing knowledge, attitudes, the practice of health protocols in preventing COVID-19 in nursing students.
Design : This study is a quantitative study using the pre-experimental with one-group pretest-posttest design
Methods : The data was collected through questionnaire which distributed on Google Form to the 166 respondents. The intervention is to provide health education to respondents via the internet: Windows 365 (Teams) about information and ways to prevent COVID-19, as well as simulations on how to wash hands, physical distancing, and dispose of masks which are carried out in 2 sessions in 1 week.
Results : The results showed that the number of fathers of nursing students with low education was 134 (80.7%), while the fathers of nursing students with higher education were 32 (19.3%). Meanwhile, the statistical test results obtained a p-value of 0.000 which indicates that there is a significant difference between knowledge about COVID-19, health protocol attitudes, and respondents with low father education and high father education before and after the intervention.
Conclusions : There was increase in knowledge, attitude and practice of health protocol for nursing students in avarage after they got education. COVID-19 is very important for nursing students to learn about in order to improve their knowledge, attitudes, and practice of health protocols so that COVID-19 does not happen.
Knowledge Analysis of Pregnant Mothers About Newborn Treatment
Authors: Nurhidayati Diah , Yanuarti Tuti 
Published: June 2022

Aims : Most of the newborn care experienced by the community is a lack of knowledge in newborn care, especially umbilical cord care. This study aimed to analysis of knowledge of pregnant women about newborn care at Panggang Island Health Center, North Seribu Islands in 2021.
Design : Analytical with cross sectional.
Methods : The data used primary data from the results of distributing questionnaires. The data collection instrument used a self-developed knowledge questionnaire. The analytical method used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test. Results: Most of the respondents have sufficient knowledge, age 20-35 years, secondary education, non-media sources of information and their husbands are not supportive. There is a relationship between age, education, parity, sources of information and husband's support and knowledge of pregnant women about newborn care.
Conclusions : There is a relationship between age, education, parity, sources of information and husband's support and knowledge of pregnant women about newborn care. Further research can be done to increase the knowledge of pregnant mothers about newborn treatment so that newborn care can be optimized.
Assessment of Strategies for Safe Drug Discontinuation and Transition of Denosumab Treatment in PMO—Insights From a Mechanistic PK/PD Model of Bone Turnover
Authors: Martínez-Reina Javier , Calvo-Gallego José Luis , Martin Madge , Pivonka Peter 
Published: June 2022

Denosumab (Dmab) treatment against postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) has proven very efficient in increasing bone mineral density (BMD) and reducing the risk of bone fractures. However, concerns have been recently raised regarding safety when drug treatment is discontinued. Mechanistic pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models are the most sophisticated tools to develop patient specific drug treatments of PMO to restore bone mass. However, only a few PK-PD models have addressed the effect of Dmab drug holidays on changes in BMD. We showed that using a standard bone cell population model (BCPM) of bone remodelling it is not possible to account for the spike in osteoclast numbers observed after Dmab discontinuation. We show that inclusion of a variable osteoclast precursor pool in BCPMs is essential to predict the experimentally observed rapid rise in osteoclast numbers and the associated increases in bone resorption. This new model also showed that Dmab withdrawal leads to a rapid increase of damage in the bone matrix, which in turn decreases the local safety factor for fatigue failure. Our simulation results show that changes in BMD strongly depend on Dmab concentration in the central compartment. Consequently, bone weight (BW) might play an important factor in calculating effective Dmab doses. The currently clinically prescribed constant Dmab dose of 60 mg injected every 6 months is less effective in increasing BMD for patients with high BW (2.5% for 80 kg in contrast to 8% for 60 kg after 6 years of treatment). However, bone loss observed 24 months after Dmab withdrawal is less pronounced in patients with high BW (3.5% for 80kg and 8.5% for 60 kg). Finally, we studied how to safely discontinue Dmab treatment by exploring several transitional and combined drug treatment strategies. Our simulation results indicate that using transitional reduced Dmab doses are not effective in reducing rapid bone loss. However, we identify that use of a bisphosphonate (BP) is highly effective in avoiding rapid bone loss and increase in bone tissue damage compared to abrupt withdrawal of Dmab. Furthermore, the final values of BMD and damage were not sensitive to the time of administration of the BP.
Abnormal Right Ventricular Myocardial Performance Index Is Not Associated With Outcomes in Invasively Ventilated Intensive Care Unit Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome—Post hoc Analysis of Two RCTs
Authors: Pierrakos Charalampos , Geke Algera Anna , Simonis Fabienne , Cherpanath Thomas G. V. , Lagrand Wim K. , Paulus Frederique , Bos Lieuwe D. J. , Schultz Marcus J. ,   the PReVENT– and RELAx–Investigators
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe objective of the study was to determine the association between right ventricular (RV) myocardial performance index (MPI) and successful liberation from the ventilator and death within 28 days.MethodsPost hoc analysis of 2 ventilation studies in invasively ventilated patients not having ARDS. RV-MPI was collected through transthoracic echocardiography within 24–48 h from the start of invasive ventilation according to the study protocols. RV-MPI ≤ 0.54 was considered normal. The primary endpoint was successful liberation from the ventilator &lt; 28 days; the secondary endpoint was 28-day mortality.ResultsA total of 81 patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography at median 30 (24–42) h after the start of ventilation—in 73 (90%) patients, the RV-MPI could be collected. A total of 56 (77%) patients were successfully liberated from the ventilator &lt; 28 days; A total of 22 (30%) patients had died before or at day 28. A total of 18 (25%) patients had an abnormal RV-MPI. RV-MPI was neither associated with successful liberation from the ventilator within 28 days [HR, 2.2 (95% CI 0.47–10.6); p = 0.31] nor with 28-day mortality [HR, 1.56 (95% CI 0.07–34.27); p = 0.7].ConclusionIn invasively ventilated critically ill patients without ARDS, an abnormal RV-MPI indicative of RV dysfunction was not associated with time to liberation from invasive ventilation.
Mitral Valve-in-Valve Implant of a Balloon-Expandable Valve Guided by 3-Dimensional Printing
Authors: Mao Yu , Liu Yang , Ma Yanyan , Jin Ping , Li Lanlan , Yang Jian 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundOur goal was to explore the role of 3-dimensional (3D) printing in facilitating the outcome of a mitral valve-in-valve (V-in-V) implant of a balloon-expandable valve.MethodsFrom November 2020 to April 2021, 6 patients with degenerated mitral valves were treated by a transcatheter mitral V-in-V implant of a balloon-expandable valve. 3D printed mitral valve pre- and post-procedure models were prepared to facilitate the process by making individualized plans and evaluating the outcomes.ResultsEach of the 6 patients was successfully implanted with a balloon-expandable valve. From post-procedural images and the 3D printed models, we could clearly observe the valve at the ideal position, with the proper shape and no regurgitation. 3D printed mitral valve models contributed to precise decisions, the avoidance of complications, and the valuation of outcomes.Conclusions3D printing plays an important role in guiding the transcatheter mitral V-in-V implant of a balloon-expandable valve.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration System (NCT02917980).
Type and Severity of Migraine Determines Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Women
Authors: Rhee Tae-Min , Choi Eue-Keun , Han Kyung-Do , Ahn Hyo-Jeong , Lee So-Ryoung , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate sex differences in the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) according to the type and severity of migraine.MethodsWe analyzed the nationwide health screening recipients in 2009 without previous AF diagnosis from the Korean National Health Insurance Service data. The diagnosis, type, and severity of migraine were determined using claims data. Newly developed AF was identified during a 10-year follow-up. Sex-difference in the effect of migraine on AF was evaluated.ResultsA total of 4,020,488 subjects were enrolled from January 1, to December 31, 2009 and followed-up through December 31, 2018; 4,986 subjects had migraine with aura (age 50.6 ± 14.0 years, men 29.3%); and 105,029 had migraine without aura (age 51.6 ± 14.3 years, men 30.9%). Risk of AF in a mild degree of migraine was similar to that in the control group, regardless of sex or the presence of aura. Severe migraine without aura modestly but significantly increased the risk of AF in both men and women compared to controls, with increase in AF risk being most prominent in women who had severe migraine with aura [incidence rate (IR) = 3.39, hazard ratio (HR)adjust = 1.48, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.18–1.85]. No significant association according to aura was observed in men with severe migraines (p for interaction 0.011).ConclusionSevere migraine with aura significantly increased the risk of incident AF in women, but not in men. Surveillance for incident AF and prompt lifestyle modification may be beneficial, particularly for young women suffering from severe migraine with aura.
Ebullition Regulated by Pressure Variations in a Boreal Pit Lake
Authors: Zhao Kai , Tedford Edmund W. , Lawrence Gregory A. 
Published: June 2022

Methane ebullition from lakes is an important contributor to atmospheric greenhouse gases. However, ebullition is typically sampled at intervals greater than the duration of ebullition events, limiting our understanding of the factors controlling this flux. Here, we present high-frequency ebullition data from a single site in a boreal pit lake during the open-water season between June 24 and 21 October 2018. We record ebullition every 30 min for the first 2 months, and then every minute for the next 2 months. During the 4-month period, 24 ebullition events were recorded. These events generally lasted 2–4 days in response to low atmospheric pressure systems. The peaks in ebullition corresponded to troughs in atmospheric pressure. We provide empirical equations that incorporate a pressure threshold to model the time-series of ebullition events. Minor and gradual variations in mud temperature had no apparent effect on the observed ebullition events.
(U-Th)/He Geochronology Constraints on Lateritic Duricrust Formation on the Guiana Shield
Authors: Ansart C. , Quantin C. , Calmels D. , Allard T. , Roig J. Y. , Coueffe R. , Heller B. , Pinna-Jamme R. , Nouet J. , Reguer S. , Vantelon D. , Gautheron C. 
Published: June 2022

Thick regoliths developed under tropical climate, namely, laterites, resulting from long-term and pronounced geochemical and mineralogical rearrangement of the parent rock in response to environmental changes. Little information is available on the timing of laterite and bauxite formations, especially on the chronology of the main weathering episodes responsible for lateritic cover formation on the Guiana shield. For this purpose, we focused on both lateritic and bauxitic duricrusts developed over the Paleoproterozoic Greenstone Belt in the Brownsberg, Suriname. The duricrust samples have a relatively simple mineralogy (i.e., goethite, gibbsite, hematite, and kaolinite) but reveal, when observed at a microscopic scale, a complex history of formation with multiple episodes of dissolution/reprecipitation. The (U-Th)/He dating of 179 Fe-oxides subsamples shows that duricrusts sampled at the top of the Brownsberg plateau have ages ranging from &lt;0.8 Ma to ∼19 Ma. In contrast, Fe-oxides extracted from detrital duricrust boulders collected downslope indicate formation ages up to 36 Ma. This age discrepancy may indicate that a main episode of physical erosion affected this region between ca. 30 and 20 Ma. Consistently, the bauxite sampled at the mountaintop indicates a younger phase of formation, with Fe-oxides recementing fragments of a preexisting bauxitic material older than ∼15 Ma. Geochronological data also reveal a long-lasting weathering history until the present day, with multiple generations of Fe-oxides in the bauxite and the duricrusts resulting from successive cycles of dissolution and reprecipitation of Fe-oxides associated with redox cycles. This long-lasting weathering history led to geochemical remobilization and apparent enrichment in some relatively immobile elements, such as REE, aluminum, and vanadium, especially in the duricrust sampled at the mountaintop. Our geochronological, mineralogical, and geochemical study of Fe- and Al-crusts from the Brownsberg mountain provide constraints on the evolution of environmental conditions prevailing since the early Oligocene in Suriname.
Pathological Investigations of Intracranial Atherosclerosis Using Multiple Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit Models
Authors: Tang Xiangming , Niimi Manabu , Zhou Huanjin , Chen Lu , Chen Yajie , Yan Haizhao , Shiomi Masashi , Fan Jianglin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIntracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is one of the most common causes of ischemic stroke, but there are few animal models that can recapitulate its pathological features. In this study, we examined ICAS pathological features and anatomic distributions using three types of hyperlipidemic rabbit models. We also investigated the effect of different lipoprotein profiles and hypertension on ICAS.Materials and MethodsWe examined Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits, apoE knockout (KO) rabbits and wild-type rabbits (WT) fed a cholesterol diet, in addition to WT rabbits fed a standard diet as a control. The whole brain was dissected and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections were stained with either hematoxylin/eosin or elastica van Gieson, or immunohistochemically stained with monoclonal antibodies against macrophages and smooth muscle cells. We investigated (1) the presence of cerebral atherosclerosis; (2) the lesion locations in the cerebral arteries; (3) the degree of lumen stenosis; (4) pathological features and cellular components of the lesions in these rabbits; and (5) whether hypertension affects ICAS.ResultsICAS was detected in apoE and WHHL rabbits, but not in WT rabbits. Compared with apoE KO rabbits, WHHL rabbits had greater ICAS. The lesions of cerebral atherosclerosis were mainly distributed at the bifurcations of the posterior cerebral artery, basilar artery and vertebral artery, and they were basically characterized by smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix with few macrophages. The extent of the ICAS in WHHL rabbits was significantly increased by hypertension.ConclusionsICAS was detected in WHHL and apoE KO rabbits, and occurred in specific locations in the cerebral arteries. Hypertension promotes the development of ICAS in the setting of hypercholesterolemia.
Determining the Production and Transport Cost for H2 on a Global Scale
Authors: Collis Jason , Schomäcker Reinhard 
Published: June 2022

Hydrogen (H2) produced using renewable energy could be used to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in industrial sectors such as steel, chemicals, transportation, and energy storage. Knowing the delivered cost of renewable H2is essential to decision-makers looking to utilize it. The cheapest location to source it from, as well as the transport method and medium, are also crucial information. This study presents a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the delivered cost for renewable H2for any usage location globally, as well as the most cost-effective production location and transport route from nearly 6,000 global locations. Several industrially dense locations are selected for case studies, the primary two being Cologne, Germany and Houston, United States. The minimum delivered H2cost to Cologne is 9.4 €/kg for small scale (no pipelines considered), shipped from northern Egypt as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), and 7.6 €/kg piped directly as H2gas from southern France for large scale (pipelines considered). For small-scale H2in Houston, the minimum delivered cost is 8.6 €/kg trucked as H2gas from the western Gulf of Mexico, and 7.6 €/kg for large-scale demand piped as H2gas from southern California. The south-west United States and Mexico, northern Chile, the Middle East and north Africa, south-west Africa, and north-west Australia are identified as the regions with the lowest renewable H2cost potential, with production costs ranging from 6.7—7.8 €/kg in these regions. Each is able to supply differing industrially dominant areas. Furthermore, the effect of parameters such as year of construction, electrolyser, and H2demand is analysed. For the case studies in Houston and Cologne, the delivered H2cost is expected to reduce to about 7.8 €/kg by 2050 in Cologne (no pipelines considered, PEM electrolyser) and 6.8 €/kg in Houston.
Pesticides are Substantially Transported in Particulate Phase, Driven by Land use, Rainfall Event and Pesticide Characteristics—A Runoff and Erosion Study in a Small Agricultural Catchment
Authors: Commelin Meindert C. , Baartman Jantiene E. M. , Zomer Paul , Riksen Michel , Geissen Violette 
Published: June 2022

Agriculture on sloping lands is prone to processes of overland flow and associated soil detachment, transportation, and deposition. The transport of pesticides to off-target areas related to runoff processes and soil erosion poses a threat of pollution to the downstream environment. This study aimed to quantify transport of pesticides both dissolved in water and in the particulate phase in transported sediments. Particulate phase transport of pesticides on short temporal time scales from agricultural fields is scarcely studied. During two growing seasons (2019 and 2020) rainfall—runoff events were monitored in a catchment of 38.5 ha. We selected 30 different pesticides and one metabolite based on interviews with the farmers on the application pattern. Concentrations for these 31 residues were analyzed in runoff water (dissolved phase–DP) and sediment (particulate phase–PP) and in soil samples taken in the agricultural fields. In all runoff events active substances (AS) were detected. There was a clear difference between DP and PP with 0–5 and 8–18 different AS detected in the events, respectively. Concentrations in PP were higher than in DP, with factors ranging from 12 to 3,700 times. DP transport mainly occurs in the first days after application (69% within 10 days), and PP transport occurs over the long term with 90% of transported mass within 100 days after application. Potato cultivation was the main source of runoff, erosion, and pesticide transport. Cereals and apples with grassed inter-rows both have a very low risk of pesticide transport during overland flow. We conclude that for arable farming on sloping lands overland transport of pesticide in the particulate phase is a substantial transport pathway, which can contribute to pollution over longer time periods compared to transport in water. This process needs to be considered in future assessments for pesticide fate and environmental risk.
Chemical Compositions in Winter PM2.5 in Changzhou of the Yangtze River Delta Region, China: Characteristics and Atmospheric Responses Along With the Different Pollution Levels
Authors: Zhao Zhuzi , Sun Ning , Zhou Wenlin , Ma Shuaishuai , Li Xudong , Li Malong , Zhang Xian , Tang Shishi , Ye Zhaolian 
Published: June 2022

Changzhou, a typical industrial city located in the center of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, has experienced serious air pollution in winter. However, Changzhou still receives less attention compared with other big cities in YRD. In this study, a four-month PM2.5sampling campaign was conducted in Changzhou, China from 1 November 2019, to 1 February 2020. The period covers the entire wintertime and includes first week of the Level 1 response stage of the lockdown period due to the outbreak of COVID-19. The mean PM2.5concentrations were 67.9 ± 29.0 μg m−3, ranging from 17.4 to 157.4 μg m−3. Secondary inorganic ions were the most abundant species, accounting for 37 and 50% during the low and high PM2.5pollution periods, respectively. Nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) during the high PM concentration level period was twice the low PM concentration period whereas sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) showed a less significant increase. This represents that nitrate formation is potentially the predominant factor controlling the occurrence of PM pollution. The analysis of NOR, SOR as functions of relative humidity (RH) and ozone (O3) concentrations suggest that the sulfate formation was mainly through aqueous-phase reaction, while nitrate formation was driven by both photochemistry and heterogeneous reaction. And, excess ammonium could promote the formation of nitrate during the high PM period, indicating that ammonia gas played a critical role in regulating nitrate. Furthermore, a special period-Chinese New Year overlapping first week of COVID-19 lockdown period, offered a precious window to study the impact of human activity pattern changes on air pollution variation. During the special period, the average PM2.5mean concentration was 60.4 μg m−3, which did not show in a low value as expected. The declines in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions led to rapid increases in O3and atmospheric oxidizing capacity, as well as sulfate formation. The chemical profiles and compositions obtained during different periods provide a scientific basis for establishing efficient atmospheric governance policies in the future.