bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for insufficient hip distraction for safe central compartment access during hip arthroscopy: retrospective analysis of 677 cases
Authors: Chiang Ching-Chien , Tang Hao-Che , Yang Cheng-Pang , Sheu Huan , Chuang Chieh-An , Chan Yi-Sheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sufficient hip distraction is crucial for the assessment of the central compartment in hip arthroscopic surgery. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors linked to insufficient hip distraction during hip arthroscopic surgery. We hypothesized that the presence of pincer- or mixed-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) could hinder effective hip distraction during the procedure. Inclusion criteria included indication for hip arthroscopy, and persistent symptoms that have not responded to extensive conservative treatment, such as activity adjustments and physical therapy over a period of 6–12 weeks. The enrollment period spanned from January 2003 to May 2021. Data on age, sex, diagnosis of FAI, body mass index, body height, body weight, lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), hip joint space, Tönnis grading, and Beighton score were collected. Among the cases, 34 had insufficient hip distraction while 643 did not. Crude odds ratio analysis revealed that male gender, body height, increased LCEA, the presence of pincer- or mixed-type FAI, and a lower Beighton score were associated with a higher risk of insufficient distraction. Further analyses confirmed that only FAI, sex, and Beighton score remained significant predictors of risk. Adjusted odds ratios indicated a strong association with pincer- or mixed-type FAI. The presence of pincer- or mixed-type FAI is identified as a risk factor for insufficient hip distraction during hip arthroscopic surgery. In high-risk patients, adopting a peripheral compartment approach initially and avoiding hip traction can help prevent traction-related complications.
Post-sale confusion: a doctrine in development
Authors: Fhima Ilanah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Post-sale confusion occurs when confusion occurs after the trade mark owner’s goods have been purchased. The status of such confusion under European Union trade mark law is unclear, with conflicting case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The UK courts have acknowledged the possibility of actionable post-sale confusion. However, in the past year, post-sale confusion has gained a higher profile, with its acceptance in two Court of Appeal decisions. The doctrine is controversial. In certain forms of post-sale confusion, while consumers may be confused, it is difficult to detect harm to the trade mark owner. It is questionable whether the law should step in in such cases. This article reviews the forms of post-sale confusion and the types of harm involved against the backdrop of the pending appeal to the Supreme Court in Iconix. It also argues that Brexit has enabled the UK courts to resolve ambiguities against the background of uncertain CJEU jurisprudence.
MiR-340-5p alleviates AECOPD by targeting MAP3K2 via Qingjin Huatan Decoction therapy
Authors: Zhao Mei , Huang Zhijian , Zheng Jinghui , Li Wanying , Zhong Yunqing , Ouyang Tun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) features persistent inflammation and restricted airflow, with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) significantly worsening patient outcomes. This study aims to explore the role of Qingjin Huatan Decoction (QJHTT) on AECOPD with the syndrome of phlegm-heat obstruction of the lung.AECOPD was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cigarette smoke exposure. Rats were treated with varying doses of QJHTT. miR-340-5p expression was quantified using qPCR. Lung histopathology was assessed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).. The effects on cell viability and apoptosis in primary airway epithelial cells were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The dual-luciferase reporter assay validated the interaction between miR-340-5p and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (MAP3K2), and protein expression was analyzed by Western blot.QJHTT improved lung histopathology, reducing inflammatory cell infiltration and alveolar damage. ELISA results showed reduced inflammatory cytokines levels in QJHTT-treated groups (P &lt; 0.05). qPCR analysis demonstrated that QJHTT upregulated miR-340-5p expression (P &lt; 0.05). miR-340-5p mimic enhanced cell viability and reduced apoptosis in primary airway epithelial cells (P &lt; 0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-340-5p directly targets MAP3K2, leading to its downregulation (P &lt; 0.05). QJHTT exerts therapeutic effects in phlegm-heat obstructing the lung type of AECOPD through upregulating miR-340-5p and inhibiting MAP3K2. This study highlights the QJHTT and miR-340-5p/MAP3K2 pathway for this disease treatment.
Flower jasmonates control fertility but largely disconnect from defense metabolites in reproductive tissues of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Fukumoto Kaori , Hojo Yuko , Nakatani Hiroko , Wari David , Shinya Tomonori , Galis Ivan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While sterile phenotypes of Osjar1 and Osaoc (hebiba) mutants corroborate the essential role of jasmonates (JAs) in reproductive development of rice (Oryza sativa L.), it remains unclear how other JA-dependent defense functions operate in reproductive tissues. We show that various JAs, including bioactive JA-Ile, gradually accumulate in the rice spikelets, and peak at anthesis, but majority of JAs remain localized in the stamens. While other spikelet parts contained only a low basal level of JAs, whole flowers responded to mechanical damage by the elicitation of a strong JA burst. Similarly, whole flowers increased their already present basal levels of defense metabolites in response to wounding, namely phenolamides and momilactone diterpenes, but these contents were only partially dependent on JA. Our data suggest that while JAs acquired essential role(s) in rice fertility, floral defense was largely diverted to yet another signaling pathway(s) that complement the canonical JA and/or JA-Ile stress signaling in reproductive parts of rice.
Multi-physics framework for fast modeling of gamma-ray burst afterglows
Authors: Nedora Vsevolod , Menegazzi Ludovica Crosato , Peretti Enrico , Dietrich Tim , Shibata Masaru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we present PyBlastAfterglow, a modular C++ code with a Python interface to model light curves and sky maps of gamma-ray burst afterglows. The code is open-source, modular, and sufficiently fast to perform parameter grid studies. PyBlastAfterglow is designed to be easily extendable and used as a testing bed for new physics and methods related to gamma-ray burst afterglows. For the dynamical evolution of relativistic ejecta, a thin-shell approximation is adopted, where both forward and reverse shocks are included self-consistently, as well as lateral structure, lateral spreading, and radiation losses. Several models of the shock microphysics are implemented, including fully numerical model of the downstream electron distribution evolution, synchrotron emission, self-absorption, and synchrotron self-Compton emission under the one-zone approximation. Thus, the code is designed to be able to model complex afterglows that include emission from reverse shock, very high energy emission, structured jets, and off-axis observations.
Enhanced Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae sexually transmitted infections and associated risk factors in Fiji following the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Auchus Isabella C , Brown Joelle , Kama Mike , Vargo Sara G , Devi Rachel , Singh Jenni , Dean Deborah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic impact on sexually transmitted infections in countries practicing syndromic management remains unknown. We conducted cross-sectional surveys in Fiji to assess increases and risk factors for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections pre- and post-pandemic.

Methods
We enrolled women, men who have sex with women (MSW), and men who have sex with men (MSM) aged 18-40, collected socio-demographic/behavioral data, and tested vaginal, urethral and rectal samples using Xpert®-CT/NG. Risk factors were evaluated using regression models.

Results
Of 1,955 participants, 6.4% (95% Confidence Interval[95%CI]:5.4%-7.6%) had gonorrhea, increasing significantly post-pandemic &gt;2-fold among women aged 25-40, and &gt;4-fold among MSM, MSW and men aged 18-24 and 25-40; 20.0% ([18.3%-21.8%]) had chlamydia, increasing significantly post-pandemic among younger women and ∼2- to 4-fold among MSW, and younger and older men. Increases were driven by urethral/vaginal infections. Co-infections increased significantly post-pandemic among older women. Post-pandemic gonorrhea was associated with difficulty obtaining condoms (adjusted Relative Risk 2.7[1.0-8.0]) and &gt;2 partners (2.6[1.0-7.1]) among younger women, and iTaukei ethnicity (4.7[1.4-16.5]) and heavy alcohol use (7.1[2.5-19.7]) among older women. Post-pandemic chlamydia was associated with having a casual sex partner among younger (1.7[1.0-2.9]) and older women (1.9[1.1-3.4]) plus being unmarried (1.7[95% CI: 1.0-2.7]). iTaukei men had increased risk post-pandemic for gonorrhea (3.7[1.3-10.6]) and chlamydia (2.5[1.3-4.9]). Over 50% of infected participants did not meet syndromic treatment criteria and would have remained untreated.

Conclusions
Post-pandemic increases in gonorrhea and chlamydia—with risk factors varying by pathogen, gender, and age—require immediate interventions to reduce infection and transmission in Fiji.
Camp, Kitsch, and Cowboys
Authors: Austin Michael L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Riddled with toxic masculinity, racism, sexism, Christian nationalism, and so on, country music potentially represents the ills of Southern culture (or frankly any culture). Conversely, country music and its stars have also been at the forefront of championing social justice issues and in advocating for society’s most progressive changes. Ranging from blatantly homophobic depictions of weak, effeminate men to compelling portrayals of healthy same-sex relationships, country music videos embody this cultural split quite well. This chapter explores the ways in which the slow turn toward acceptance in country music of the LGBTQIA+ community can be viewed in country music videos. It also examines the reception history of videos that fall within this category and discusses the success many of these videos enjoy, despite appearing online only or in niche markets rather than on mainstream outlets such as Country Music Television. Further, it sheds light on the delicate aesthetic (and career) choices country music stars (whether personally identifying as queer or as an ally) make when creating country music videos with queer themes.
Iconic and Iconoclastic Representations of New Religious Movements in Music Videos
Authors: Austin Michael L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Because of the dominant place Christianity holds both in secular and sacred music videos, this chapter begins by tracing the history of Contemporary Christian Music (CCM) as the dominant religious alternative to contemporary popular music and the development of music videos for this genre. I then explore many of the ways American religious minorities, particularly Scientologists and members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (whose members are formerly known as Mormons), are represented by current members, former members, and critics through the use, appropriation, or parody of iconography, music, and reenactments of various religious rites and traditions of these faith groups within music videos. This chapter also includes discussions of how elements from these religious traditions are “redemptively” appropriated by former members of these communities as a way to process religious trauma and to find community.
Afterword
Authors: Austin Michael L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter is a summary of these ideas as expressed throughout the book and a valediction that encourages scholars, creators, and consumers of music videos, and other readers in positions of privilege to be mindful of their obligation to respectfully represent marginalized others. It also serves as a reminder of our responsibility to work together to ensure that everyone is afforded the chance to be represented in music videos (including those from groups beyond the scope of this book).
Institutional Ignorance
Authors: Long Yan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter outlines how the dismantling of China’s public health system from the 1980s to 1990s precipitated the country’s largest HIV outbreak. The Chinese Communist Party reduced public health to a mere moral issue, diminishing its political significance and forcing health bureaucrats to seek revenues independently. Lacking resources and legitimacy, these bureaucrats deliberately perpetuated ambiguity about commercial blood collection and shunned clear regulations to profit from competing in the global plasma market. When a catastrophic blood contamination crisis triggered an HIV epidemic, bureaucrats avoided collecting and recording epidemiological information in order to conceal the outbreak, attributing AIDS to Western promiscuity and erasing infections from official purview as a non-threat. In discussing this institutional ignorance, the chapter demonstrates the production of bureaucratic inertia and strategic blindness that impeded responses to new epidemics.
Finding Victims
Authors: Long Yan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter assesses how external interventions led to the re-politicization of public health in China around the turn of the twenty-first century. The eruption of open clashes between the Chinese state and transnational entities moved infectious diseases into the limelight of authoritarian politics. The sudden interest of Western organizations in China’s blood-contamination crisis—a decade after its occurrence—was driven by a push to institutionalize AIDS governance at a transnational level. Transnational organizations used the villagers’ plight to brand China’s AIDS pandemic as a security threat, gaining political legitimacy and pressuring the Chinese state to accept supranational health authorities. Key to this process was the success of transnational advocacy networks in mobilizing blood-contamination victims to come out of hiding and assert their biopolitical citizen rights. Grassroots action to gather and circulate lay epidemiological knowledge enabled foreign organizations to publicly expose and shame the Chinese state.
Biosocial Solidarity
Authors: Long Yan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter continues the discussion of knowledge-oriented epistemic activities that allowed AIDS activism to blossom into an unusually formal, persistent, and cross-regional movement between 2004 and 2009, despite increasing state repression. Drawing on transnational organizations’ epistemic investment, divergent incubator organizations cultivated activists’ abilities to generate and apply data and knowledge that spurred mutual care and solidarity around a disease steeped in isolation and shame. This process not only created a seemingly apolitical facade against political prosecution, but also mobilized previously inactive groups, such as urban gay men. Incubators helped to bond diverse groups into collective fights, transcending class, space, and sexuality divides. This period of unity was characterized by a focus on blood contamination, with other dimensions of oppression like sexuality remaining secondary.
Introduction
Authors: Alasuutari Pertti 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter introduces the book. It introduces the institutional and constructionist theoretical perspective, illustrates it by giving readers a taste of the history and present of the world of parliaments, further discussed in the subsequent chapters. It also introduces the dataset on which detailed analyses of what goes on in parliamentary debates are based. The chapter argues that parliaments have copied structures and practices from one another, especially from the early exemplars. Therefore, to understand the uniformity of the world’s legislatures, we must pay special attention to processes of diffusion, and what drives it. One reason is conformism—states’ desire to get recognition from the international community—and another one is external state formation: typically, former colonies maintained the style of government that the colonial master had instituted. This macro-level perspective is complemented with a micro level dramaturgical view. It means that parliamentary practices are considered as staged performances, which deviate from backstage bargaining. Then again, as rituals frontstage performances sanctify the parliament as an institution and hence contribute to legitimizing political rule.
The frontstage and backstage of parliamentary politics
Authors: Alasuutari Pertti 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter argues that parliament is a temple of civil religion of the modern world. Frontstage performances serve as rituals that sanctify the principles on which the interstate system and governing in national states are putatively based. In them, actors observe rules that honor those principles and express disapproval of conduct that violates them, whereas profane parliamentary business is handled backstage. More specifically, in addition to the sanctity of rational, evidence-based reasoning embodied in the authority of science, speakers observe rules that honor and sanctify three principles: national sovereignty, parliamentarians’ independence, and the common good. Yet backstage is not necessarily considered as the dark and ugly side of politics. It can be seen as the more honest and authentic part of policymaking, and politicians can be lauded for their work behind the scenes, whereas frontstage talks can be criticized for their hypocrisy.
Synchronization of national policies
Authors: Alasuutari Pertti 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter lists and illustrates the various discourses and rhetorical tactics that parliamentarians employ to justify their views in ways that evoke the international community and globally shared principles. In addition to the authority of science, revered principles, authoritative texts, and respected persons’ views, speakers commonly refer to cross-national comparisons as guidance and justification for the decision the national legislature should take. Speakers also allude to generic models, like policy recommendations made by IGOs and INGOs, international standards promoted by standard setters, and to events or catchwords that have attracted worldwide interest. Furthermore, politicians can build an argument on how a policy choice would affect the nation’s image and identity. Through these same modes of argumentation employed in national legislatures, states follow one another and end up in very similar policies. This does not mean that parliaments take the same decisions, but national policies are synchronized because, like a flock of birds, countries respond to the same social cues.
Nations and parliaments
Authors: Meyer John W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The chapter reflects on prospects for further inquiry of the parliamentary model as a global institution. It suggests that polity variations in conceptions of the nation and the state should affect rates over time at which polities adopt parliaments, the rates of parliamentary suspension or dissolution, the autonomy and authority of the parliaments, and the extent to which the parliament is understood to express the will of the nation as opposed to more passively listening to instruction from the state. The chapter considers variations on the nation as made up of individuals in comparison to variations on the nation as made up of other fundamental units. In conclusion, the chapter notes that attempts to constrain parliamentarism lose out in the contemporary world. The charismatic authority of parliament as a global institution rests on the assumption that it represents an imagined responsible polity, holding together disparate and conflicting society—local, national, and now global.
Superpower Britain
Authors: 9780192678584  , Jackson Ashley , Stewart Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Britain emerged from the Second World War victorious yet exhausted. A powerful ‘received wisdom’ narrative charts national and imperial decline from this point. But looking forward in 1945, Britain’s political elite—embracing the governments under Churchill and Attlee and a broad range of influential actors and opinion-shapers—did not see this coming and envisaged an entirely different future from the one that came to pass. British leaders believed that Britain would, could, and should continue to exist and to act as a great imperial power and a great world power, indeed, to be a superpower. In the 1945 moment, Churchill, in his wildest dreams, would not have imagined that all the major territories of the British Empire would be sovereign independent states by the time he was on his deathbed. In this, his views were typical, but, as time was to prove, hopelessly off beam, for when his long life ended in 1965, the British Empire was no more. This book explores this fascinating counterpoint and the fantastic expectations which existed on the conclusion of the Empire’s existential struggle. By probing the gap between the expectations of 1945 and what actually happened thereafter, it explains how the elite planned to achieve their goals, and why, in the longer term, they proved to be chimerical. It contends that the historical view ‘looking forward’ is as important in understanding the past as the rear-view mirror perspective used by historians to make sense of it and articulate it for consumption.
Empire, Unity, Peace, and Expansion
Authors: Jackson Ashley , Stewart Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter describes the belief in empire that shaped the decision-making milieu during the war. Leading politicians, parliamentarians, and academics regarded and portrayed the British Empire as an essential part of the international order. It was, they contended, a zone of freedom and a vehicle for global security. Its business was the preservation of peace which made it a natural partner—even a model—for the fledgling United Nations, as well as for America—Anglo-American world leadership expected by the British elite to define the future. Given this, British leaders poured cold water on the idea of colonial independence and spent the war looking to the expansion of Britain’s gigantic overseas domains. With the world facing great uncertainty, attention focused on ensuring that wars of such magnitude could never happen again, and the British Empire was primed to play its part. The chapter explores the ways in which politicians and other influential figures described the Empire and its relationship with the wider world, along with arguments as to why dismantling it would be dangerous. It also describes numerous ideas for the expansion of the Empire by, for example, absorbing Italy’s former colonies, along with the expansionist proclivities of the dominions.