bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and psychometric evaluation of self‐management scale for pregnant woman with gestational diabetes mellitus in China
Authors: Kuang Guofang , Meng Xin , Wang Yiqian , Xu Ru , Zhang Meng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTo develop a self‐management scale and evaluate its validity for pregnant woman with GDM in China.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design.MethodsThis study was conducted through three phases. The item pools of the scale were developed through literature review and expert interview. Content validity was assessed by an expert panel. Structure validity was evaluated through exploratory factor analysis. In the end, internal consistency reliability was tested.ResultsThe self‐management scale includes four dimensions, including self‐management consciousness, pregnancy management, blood glucose management and resource utilization, with a total of 35 items. In the scale, the Cronbach's α was 0.95. The split‐half reliability of the overall scale is 0.79. And the test‐retest reliability was 0.91. The content validity was 0.94.ConclusionsThe scale is significantly valid and reliable, and it can be used to evaluate the self‐management ability of pregnant woman with GDM in China.
A novel convenient finite difference method for shallow water waves derived by fifth‐order Kortweg and De‐Vries‐type equation
Authors: Poochinapan Kanyuta , Wongsaijai Ben 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this research, two new finite difference schemes are derived and presented for estimating a solution to the fifth‐order Kortweg and De‐Vries equation. The global conservation law on any time–space regions which yields a three‐level linear‐implicit algorithm with a diagonal system is exactly preserved by the intended finite difference method. Theoretically verified and numerically proved, the created schemes are unconditionally stable and have the second‐order accuracy both in time and space. The obtained results guarantee that the novel idea offers a new aspect to analyze the wave behavior.
Maximum principle for stochastic optimal control problem of finite state forward‐backward stochastic difference systems
Authors: Ji Shaolin , Liu Haodong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article studies the maximum principle for stochastic optimal control problems of forward‐backward stochastic difference systems (FBSSs) where the uncertainty is modeled by a discrete time, finite state process, rather than white noises. Two distinct forms of FBSSs are investigated. The first one is described by a partially coupled forward‐backward stochastic difference equation (FBSE) and the second one is described by a fully coupled FBSE. We deduce the adjoint difference equation by adopting an appropriate representation of the product rule and a proper formulation of the backward stochastic difference equation (BSE). Finally, the maximum principle for this optimal control problem with the convex control domain is established.
Biomaterials for dental composite applications: A comprehensive review of physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, tribological, and biological properties
Authors: Yadav Ramkumar , Meena Anoj , Patnaik Amar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBiomaterials have been widely used in dental composite materials or implants and their physical, mechanical, wear, and biocompatibility characteristics must be evaluated for clinical application. Extensive research has been committed to establishing various scientific methods for customizing the microstructure of dental biomaterials. As the ultimate goal of the selected implant material is the patient's safety and functionality, the current literature survey inspects and brings onward the vital features associated with the mechanical, biological, and microstructural properties of biomaterials used in dental composites or implants. The review study focuses on the successful use of diverse materials as an additive in bioceramics/fibers and the processing processes used to improve characteristics, allowing the material to be utilized in dental materials or implants. The influence of various fillers on the physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, wear, and biological characteristics of fabricated dental restorative composite materials have been elaborately discussed. Furthermore, the design of experiment prospects is proposed to encourage new advancements in biomaterials research.
Annealing‐induced high impact toughness of immiscible isotactic polypropylene/poly(acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene) blend
Authors: Liu Jingru , Jiang Dexing , Li Zihan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn present work, acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene graft copolymer (ABS) with dual roles of macromolecular β nucleating agent and organic rigid particles was introduced into isotactic polypropylene (iPP) via melt blending, and the iPP/ABS blend samples were further annealed at moderate temperature (120–140°C) for 3 h. The corresponding microstructural evolution of pure iPP and ABS‐toughened iPP upon annealing was analyzed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in detail. The results showed that the introduction of ABS and further annealing treatment have synergistic toughening effect on iPP. For the iPP with the addition of 4 wt% ABS, the impact strength is increased by 77%. After annealing at 130°C for 3 h, the impact strength of iPP alone is 72% higher than that of its unannealed counterpart, while this value is increased remarkably by 258% for the iPP/ABS blend. The remarkably elevated impact toughness of iPP blended with ABS upon annealing could be ascribed to favorable heterogeneous nucleation effect of ABS, promoted mobility of chain segments in the amorphous region of iPP, and enhanced interfacial interaction between the iPP and ABS upon annealing.
Experimental and numerical study of transverse shear modulus for bioinspired glass fiber‐reinforced polymer sandwich core
Authors: Gunasegeran Muthukumaran , Sudhagar P. Edwin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSandwich panels with cellular material cores are widely used in the aerospace, automotive, and marine industries. Although honeycombs with hexagonal cells are the most frequent shapes for cores, new possibilities in lightweight structures have lately emerged. The present work evaluates the transverse shear modulus of the glass‐reinforced polymer honeycomb core (GFRP ‐ HC) and glass‐reinforced polymer corrugated bioinspired model (GFRP ‐ CBIM) core. The experimental results from the alternative dynamic technique agreed well with the numerical simulation. In the GFRP sandwich beam with corrugated HC and CBIM's core, numerical free vibration analysis was performed. The CBIM core has a higher natural frequency than the HC core, according to the numerical data. Further, numerical analysis has been performed on the bioinspired cores by varying the side length and edge radius. Modified bioinspired model ‐ 03 core design (MBIM03) appears to be a good option for regular honeycombs used in sandwich composite panels for industrial applications that demand low weight, high rigidity, and a large amount of energy‐absorbing capacity.
Investigation of physical, flexural, and dynamic mechanical properties of alumina and graphene nanoplatelets filled epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: A Kesavulu , Mohanty Akash 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this research, the different weight percentages of alumina and graphene nanoplatelets were homogeneously dispersed in the epoxy resin by a sonication and ball milling mixing process. The effect alumina and graphene nanoplatelets filled epoxy nanocomposites of physical, flexural, and dynamic mechanical properties were investigated. The epoxy nanocomposites showed a significant enhancement of 43.5% flexural strength and 29.5% flexural modulus for the combined filler loading of 2 wt% of alumina and 0.5 wt% of graphene nanoplatelets sample (EA2G0.5) than the neat epoxy. The EA2G0.5 epoxy nanocomposites sample showed an enhancement of 68.1% for the storage modulus. The loss modulus peak shifts toward the right side than the neat epoxy, which is showing better thermal stability of the composite. The differential scanning calorimetry technique was used to study the curing characteristics of the epoxy and epoxy nanocomposites. The scanning electron microscopy images of a fractured surface of the neat epoxy and alumina and graphene nanoplatelets filled epoxy nanocomposites showed the dispersion of the fillers, which is the sole cause of the enhancement of flexural properties. In general, these developed nanocomposites are suitable to be used as parent material in electrical and electronic packaging applications.
The impact of HBB‐related hemoglobinopathies carrier status on fetal fraction in noninvasive prenatal screening
Authors: Putra Manesha , Kaseniit Kristjan Eerik , Hicks Melissa A. , Muzzey Dale , Hackney David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated whether there is an association between β‐globin (HBB) pathogenic variants and fetal fraction (FF), and whether the association has a clinically relevant impact on non‐invasive prenatal screening (NIPS).MethodA whole‐genome sequencing NIPS laboratory database was retrospectively queried for women who underwent NIPS and carrier screening of both HBB and the α‐globin genes (HBA1/HBA2). Women affected with either condition were excluded from the study, yielding a cohort size of 15,853. A “corrected FF” was obtained via multivariable linear regression adjusted for the systematic impacts of maternal age, gestational age and BMI. Corrected FF distributions of HBB and HBA1/HBA2 carriers were each compared to non‐carriers using the Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test.ResultsIn this cohort, 291 women were carriers for HBB alone, and 1016 were carriers for HBA1/HBA2 alone. The HBB carriers had a lower corrected FF when compared to non‐carriers (p < 0.0001). There was no difference in corrected FF among carriers and non‐carriers of HBA1/HBA2.ConclusionCarriers of pathogenic variants in the HBB gene, but not the HBA1/HBA2 genes, are more likely to have lower FF when compared to women with structurally normal hemoglobin. This decrease in FF could result in an elevated test‐failure rate if FF thresholds were used.
The longitudinal course of emotional and cognitive factors of fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients and their partners
Authors: Otto Amy K. , Soriano Emily C. , LoSavio Stefanie T. , Siegel Scott D. , Perndorfer Christine , Fenech Alyssa L. , Laurenceau Jean‐Philippe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveAlthough fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) has been conceptualized as a multidimensional construct with emotional and cognitive components, little work has distinguished or assessed both components. Further, most existing research has not included intimate partners of cancer patients, although they also experience FCR. This study aimed to (1) determine whether FCR is better conceptualized as a singular or multidimensional construct at the within‐person level over time and (2) model the corresponding trajectories in patients and their partners.MethodsFemale early stage breast cancer patients and their partners (N = 78 couples) completed up to five assessments over the first year post‐diagnosis tapping both emotional and cognitive elements of FCR. Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate FCR's factor structure, and multivariate latent growth curve modeling was used to estimate trajectories of emotional and cognitive FCR.ResultsFCR was best conceptualized as two distinct but related emotional and cognitive factors. In patients and partners, emotional FCR decreased over the first year post‐diagnosis on average, while cognitive FCR did not change over time.ConclusionsFindings support the conceptualization of FCR as a multidimensional construct and underscore the potential importance of distinguishing emotional and cognitive components of FCR in future research.
Treatment‐emergent central sleep apnoea managed by CPAP with adjunctive acetazolamide: A case report
Authors: Kwok Chin Tong , Wong Kam Cheung , Kwok Chun Lee , Lee Sing Hang , Yee Kwok Sang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTreatment‐emergent central sleep apnoea (TECSA) refers to the emergence of central apnoea during treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), most commonly continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). It has been reported in 8% of OSA patients treated with CPAP and spontaneous resolution rate varies between 60% and 80%. Management options include watchful waiting with continuation of CPAP, bi‐level positive pressure ventilation, adaptive servo‐ventilation and CPAP with supplemental oxygen. Acetazolamide has been shown to be effective in other forms of central sleep apnoea; its use as adjunct to CPAP in TECSA is sparsely reported. We report a 74‐year‐old man with severe OSA who developed moderate central apnoea upon CPAP initiation. Subsequent addition of acetazolamide led to gratifying resolution of the TECSA. In TECSA patients with significant symptoms and high central apnoea index, treatment with acetazolamide as adjunct to CPAP may be considered, particularly in patients in whom CPAP adherence is imperative.
Learning how to learn—Implementing self‐regulated learning evidence into practice in higher education: Illustrations from diverse disciplines
Authors: MacMahon Stephanie J. , Carroll Annemaree , Osika Alexandra , Howell Angelique 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe benefits of drawing upon evidence‐based practices in teaching and learning—such as self‐regulated learning (SRL)—are well documented. However, effectively translating and implementing this evidence into diverse higher education (HE) teaching and learning contexts is challenging and complex, and as yet not well understood. Translational approaches that utilise knowledge brokers as mediators between the research and its application into practice have shown promise in transforming evidence‐based principles of learning into contextually relevant, meaningful and useful application. This paper describes an exploratory qualitative case study into how five academics implemented evidence‐based practices into their teaching and learning programmes, drawing upon a shared Higher Education Learning Framework (HELF) and with support from knowledge brokers. Using a Community of Practice (CoP) framework and a case study methodology, the study aimed to better understand the barriers and enablers to effective implementation of evidence‐based practices in SRL across diverse teaching contexts. This study has suggested that to effectively implement evidence into HE teaching, learning and assessment practices requires a community and systems‐based approach, with members of the HE learning community—students, academics, tutors, leaders, learning designers, knowledge brokers, alumni—all having a role to play. Systemic barriers (e.g., values of research over teaching in HE, systemic devaluing of teaching in education sector, fiscal, curriculum restrictions, more rewards and incentives for research than teaching excellence) are harder to overcome and may need to be addressed through a different approach.
Usefulness of combined NGS and QF‐PCR analysis for product of conception karyotyping
Authors: Kato Takema , Miyai Shunsuke , Suzuki Hideki , Murase Yuuri , Ota Shiyo , Yamauchi Hiroko , Ammae Michiko , Nakano Tatsuya , Nakaoka Yoshiharu , Inoue Tomoko , Morimoto Yoshiharu , Fukuda Aisaku , Utsunomiya Takafumi , Nishizawa Haruki , Kurahashi Hiroki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeSince chromosomal abnormalities can be detected in more than half of miscarriages, cytogenetic testing of the product of conception (POC) can provide important information when preparing for a subsequent pregnancy. Conventional karyotyping is the common diagnostic method for a POC but can be problematic due to the need for cell culture.MethodsWe here conducted shallow whole‐genome sequencing (sWGS) using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) for alternative POC cytogenomic analysis. Since female euploidy samples can include 69,XXX triploidy, additional QF‐PCR was performed in these cases.ResultsWe here analyzed POC samples from miscarriages in 300 assisted reproductive technology (ART) pregnancies and detected chromosomal abnormalities in 201 instances (67.0%). Autosomal aneuploidy (151 cases, 50.3%) was the most frequent abnormality, consistent with prior conventional karyotyping data. Mosaic aneuploidy was detected in seven cases (2.0%). Notably, the frequency of triploidy was 2.3%, 10‐fold lower than the reported frequency in non‐ART pregnancies. Structural rearrangements were identified in nine samples (3%), but there was no case of segmental mosaicism.ConclusionsThese data suggest that NGS‐based sWGS, with the aid of QF‐PCR, is a viable alternative karyotyping procedure that does not require cell culture. This method could also assist with genetic counseling for couples who undergoes embryo selection based on PGT‐A data.
soilphysics: A suite of tools to fit and compare water retention curves
Authors: de Lima Renato P. , da Silva Anderson R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWater content plays a central role in soil physical dynamic processes. The relationship between water content and matric potential is key to understand many of these processes. However, there is not one but at least half a dozen parametric models that can properly describe that relationship, which might have different levels of complexity, varying from soil to soil. Thus, fitting some of those models is not always a trivial task. Moreover, few computational resources are currently available to do this; or else, they can be of complex use as the models get more complex. Here, we present a suite of functionalities of the R package soilphysics that can be used to fit and statistically compare five water retention curve models, based on uni‐ or bimodal pore size distribution, using different approaches, from command line to interactive and automatized tools in user‐friendly interfaces. The interactive approaches can also serve as didactic mechanisms, as they can help the user to understand how the water retention curve model fits the experimental data. soilphysics is freely available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN; https://CRAN.R‐project.org/package=soilphysics). The functionalities presented here are available from versions 4.1 or later; some tools can also run online.
Controlled Formation of Dimers and Spatially Isolated Atoms in Bimetallic Au‐Ru Catalysts via Carbon‐Host Functionalization
Authors: Giulimondi Vera , Kaiser Selina K. , Martín Antonio J. , Büchele Simon , Krumeich Frank , Clark Adam H. , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe introduction of a foreign metal atom in the coordination environment of single‐atom catalysts constitutes an exciting frontier of active‐site engineering, generating bimetallic low‐nuclearity catalysts often exhibiting unique catalytic synergies. To date, the exploration of their full scope is thwarted by (i) the lack of synthetic techniques with control over intermetallic coordination, and (ii) the challenging characterization of these materials. Herein, carbon‐host functionalization is presented as a strategy to selectively generate Au‐Ru dimers and isolated sites by simple incipient wetness impregnation, as corroborated by careful X‐ray absorption spectroscopy analysis. The distinct catalytic fingerprints are unveiled via the hydrogen evolution reaction, employed as a probe for proton adsorption properties. Intriguingly, the virtually inactive Au atoms enhance the reaction kinetics of their Ru counterparts already when spatially isolated, by shifting the proton adsorption free energy closer to neutrality. Remarkably, the effect is magnified by a factor of 2 in dimers. These results exemplify the relevance of controlling intermetallic coordination for the rational design of bimetallic low‐nuclearity catalysts.
Supporting maintenance and testing for AI functions of mobile apps based on user reviews: An empirical study on plant identification apps
Authors: Tao Chuanqi , Guo Hongjing , Zhang Jingxuan , Huang Zhiqiu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite the tremendous development of artificial intelligence (AI)‐based mobile apps, they suffer from quality issues. Data‐driven AI software poses challenges for maintenance and quality assurance. Metamorphic testing has been successfully adopted to AI software. However, most previous studies require testers to manually identify metamorphic relations in an ad hoc and arbitrary manner, thereby encountering difficulties in reflecting real‐world usage scenarios. Previous work showed that information available in user reviews is effective for maintenance and testing tasks. Yet, there is a lack of studies leveraging reviews to facilitate AI function maintenance and testing activities. This paper proposes METUR, a novel approach to supporting maintenance and testing for AI functions based on reviews. Firstly, METUR automatically classifies reviews that can be exploited for supporting AI function maintenance and evolution activities. Then, it identifies test contexts from reviews in the usage scenario category. METUR instantiates the metamorphic relation pattern for deriving concrete metamorphic relations based on test contexts. The follow‐up test dataset is constructed for conducting metamorphic testing. Empirical studies on plant identification apps indicate that METUR effectively categorizes reviews that are related to AI functions. METUR is feasible and effective in detecting inconsistent behaviors by using the metamorphic relations constructed based on reviews.
Mining the online infosphere: A survey
Authors: Adak Sayantan , Chakraborty Souvic , Das Paramita , Das Mithun , Dash Abhisek , Hazra Rima , Mathew Binny , Saha Punyajoy , Sarkar Soumya , Mukherjee Animesh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI)‐based systems and applications have pervaded everyday life to make decisions that have a momentous impact on individuals and society. With the staggering growth of online data, often termed as the online infosphere, it has become paramount to monitor the infosphere to ensure social good as AI‐based decisions are severely dependent. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive review of some of the most important research areas related to the infosphere, focusing on the technical challenges and potential solutions. The survey also outlines some of the important future directions. We begin by focussing on the collaborative systems that have emerged within the infosphere with a special thrust on Wikipedia. In the follow‐up, we demonstrate how the infosphere has been instrumental in the growth of scientific citations and collaborations, thus fuelling interdisciplinary research. Finally, we illustrate the issues related to the governance of the infosphere, such as the tackling of the (a) rising hateful and abusive behavior and (b) bias and discrimination in different online platforms and news reporting.This article is categorized under:
Application Areas > Internet