bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research of roadway deformation induced by mining disturbances and the use of subsection control technology
Authors: Wu Pengfei , Liang Bing , Jin Jiaxu , Li Gang , Wang Beifang , Guo Bin , Yang Zetao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo address the problem of instability and failure of the 11,514 return air roadway caused by dynamic pressure in Jinhuagong Coal Mine, this study uses theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field test methods. The disturbance deformation mechanism and the surrounding rock control technology for the 11,514 return air roadway during face‐to‐face mining and excavation are analyzed. The results show that the causes of regional asymmetric deformation and failure of the surrounding rock of the 11,514 return air roadway are multiple superpositions of lateral bearing pressure of the 11,812 mined‐out area, mining stress in the 8814 working face, and advanced stress of the 11,514 return air roadway. When mining and excavation faces meet, the 11,514 return air roadway is affected by the superimposition of the mining stress. At the same time, the solid coal side of the roadway is in the mining pressure relief area in the 8814 working face in the upper coal seam, and the asymmetric distribution of the principal stress on both sides of the 11,514 return air roadway causes deformation and failure of the surrounding rock. Based on the differences in superimposed stress disturbance in different parts of the roadway, a subsection control technology is proposed. This technology is focused on supporting secondary reinforcement in the range of 40 m before and after the mining overlap position on the 11,514 roadway. Field measurement data confirm the effectiveness of this support technology.
A study of the role of weights in the spectral properties of the least square finite difference scheme and the least square upwind finite difference scheme
Authors: Mungur Maheshsingh , Dauhoo Muhammad Zaid 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this article, we analyze the performance of a family of nonlinear, shock‐capturing mesh‐free finite‐difference schemes in wavenumber space. These finite difference methods are based on the use of a weighted least‐square approximation procedure together with a Taylor series expansion of the unknown function. The influence of weights on the spectral properties of these schemes are studied using the approximate dispersion relation. The numerical study evidences that an appropriate choice of the weighting functions reduces dissipation and dispersion inherent to the schemes. The meshless schemes studied in this work, are then used to simulate 2D internal inviscid subsonic and transonic flows respectively in a channel with a bump. The results in 2D corroborate with the 1D analyses and reveal that when the supporting nodes closer to the reference node are assigned a greater weightage value in the computation of the 1st order spatial derivatives, better spectral properties are achieved at low wavenumber. However, the present numerical study shows that weighting function does not shift the frequency of the errors and thus in order to accelerate the convergence of these schemes, methods such as the classic multigrid can be used.
T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia is associated with deregulation of oncogenic microRNAs on transcriptional and epigenetic level
Authors: Patil Paurnima , Hillebrecht Sina , Chteinberg Emil , López Cristina , Toprak Umut H. , Seufert Julian , Bernhart Stephan H. , Kretzmer Helene , Bergmann Anke K. , Bens Susanne , Högel Josef , Müller Annika , Jebaraj Billy Michael , Schrader Alexandra , Johansson Patricia , Costa Dolors , Schlesner Matthias , Dürig Jan , Herling Marco , Campo Elias , Stilgenbauer Stephan , Wiehle Laura , Siebert Reiner 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDeregulation of micro(mi)‐RNAs is a common mechanism in tumorigenesis. We investigated the expression of 2083 miRNAs in T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T‐PLL). Compared to physiologic CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell subsets, 111 miRNAs were differentially expressed in T‐PLL. Of these, 33 belonged to miRNA gene clusters linked to cancer. Genomic variants affecting miRNAs were infrequent with the notable exception of copy number aberrations. Remarkably, we found strong upregulation of the miR‐200c/‐141 cluster in T‐PLL to be associated with DNA hypomethylation and active promoter marks. Our findings suggest that copy number aberrations and epigenetic changes could contribute to miRNA deregulation in T‐PLL.
Olfactory bulb volume and cortical thickness evolve during sommelier training
Authors: Filiz Gözde , Poupon Daphnée , Banks Sarah , Fernandez Pauline , Frasnelli Johannes 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBrain plasticity is essential for experts to acquire the abilities they need. Sommeliers are olfaction experts who display differences in olfactory regions in the brain that correlate with greater olfactory abilities. While most studies on this topic are cross‐sectional, we used a longitudinal design and invited 17 sommelier students at the start and end of their training then to compare them to 17 control students to study the effects of training‐related brain plasticity. After a year and a half, 5 sommelier students and 4 control students dropped out, leading to 12 sommelier students versus 13 controls. We used magnetic resonance imaging to measure cortical thickness and olfactory bulb volume, as this structure plays a crucial role in olfactory processing. We used the Sniffin' Sticks test to evaluate olfactory performance. During training, olfactory bulb volume increased in sommelier students while there was no significant change in the control group. We also observed that thickness of right entorhinal cortex increased, and cortical thickness decreased in other cerebral regions. Our olfactory tests did not reveal any significant changes in sommelier students. In conclusion, this is the first longitudinal study to report an increase in olfactory bulb volume in olfaction experts in line with the notion of effects of ecological training‐related brain plasticity. The mixed results about cortical thickness might be explained by a “overproduction‐pruning” model of brain plasticity, according to which the effects of training‐related plasticity are non‐linear and simultaneously involve different processes.
Estimates of water partitioning in complex urban landscapes with isotope‐aided ecohydrological modelling
Authors: Gillefalk Mikael , Tetzlaff Doerthe , Marx Christian , Smith Aaron , Meier Fred , Hinkelmann Reinhard , Soulsby Chris 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUrban green space is increasingly viewed as essential infrastructure to build resilience to climate change by retaining water in the city landscape and balancing ecohydrological partitioning into evapotranspiration for cooling and groundwater recharge. Quantifying how different vegetation types affect water partitioning is essential for future management, but paucity of data and the complex heterogeneity of urban areas make water balance estimates challenging. Here, we provide a preliminary assessment of water partitioning from different sized patches of trees and grass as well as from sealed surfaces. To do this, we used limited field observations together with an advanced, process‐based tracer‐aided ecohydrological model at a meso‐scale (5 km2) in central Berlin, Germany. Transpiration was the dominant green water flux accounting for over 50% of evapotranspiration in the modelled area. Green water fluxes were in general greater from trees compared with grass, but grass in large parks transpired more water compared with grass in small parks that were intensively used for recreation. Interception evaporation was larger for trees compared with grass, but soil water evaporation was greater for grass compared with trees. We also show that evapotranspiration from tree‐covered areas comprise almost 80% of the total evapotranspiration from the whole model domain while making up less than 30% of the surface cover. The results form an important stepping‐stone towards further upscaling over larger areas and highlights the importance of continuous high‐resolution hydrological measurements in the urban landscape, as well as the need for improvements to ecohydrological models to capture important urban processes.
Satellite observations estimating the effects of river discharge and wind-driven upwelling on phytoplankton dynamics in the Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Nezlin Nikolay P. , Testa Jeremy M. , Zheng Guangming , DiGiacomo Paul M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Phytoplankton growth in estuaries is regulated by a complex combination of physical factors with freshwater discharge usually playing a dominating role controlling nutrient and light availability. The role of other factors, including upwelling-generating winds, is still unclear because most estuaries are too small for upwelling to emerge. In this study, we used remotely sensed proxies of phytoplankton biomass and concentration of suspended mineral particles to compare the effect of river discharge with the effect of upwelling events associated with persistent along-channel southerly winds in the Chesapeake Bay, a large estuary where upwelling and its effects on biogeochemical dynamics have been previously reported. The surface chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl-a) were estimated from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) satellite data using the Generalized Stacked-Constraints Model (GSCM) corrected for seasonal effects by comparing remotely sensed and field-measured data. Light limitation of phytoplankton growth was assessed from the concentration of suspended mineral particles estimated from the remotely sensed backscattering at blue (443 nm) wavelength bbp(443). The nine-year time series (2012–2020) of Chl-a and bbp(443) confirmed that a primary factor regulating phytoplankton growth in this nearshore eutrophic area is discharge from the Susquehanna River, and presumably the nutrients it delivers, with a time lag up to four months. Persistent southerly wind events (2–3 days with wind speed &gt;4 m/s) affected the water column stratification in the central part of the bay but did not result in significant increases in remotely sensed Chl-a. Analysis of model simulations of selected upwelling-favorable wind events revealed that strong southerly winds resulted in well-defined lateral (East–West) responses but were insufficient to deliver high-nutrient water to the surface layer to support phytoplankton bloom. We conclude that, in the Chesapeake Bay, which is a large, eutrophic estuary, wind-driven upwelling of deep water plays a limited role in driving phytoplankton growth under most conditions compared with river discharge. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:921–938. © 2022 SETAC
KEY POINTS
River discharge is a primary factor regulating phytoplankton growth in the Chesapeake Bay. Upwelling-generating wind events were insufficient to support phytoplankton blooms. Generalized Stacked-Constraints Model (GSCM) is a useful method for processing ocean color satellite imagery in the nearshore areas.
Impact of HIV infection on survival among women with stage I‐III breast cancer: Results from the South African breast cancer and HIV outcomes study
Authors: Ayeni Oluwatosin A. , O'Neil Daniel S. , Pumpalova Yoanna S. , Chen Wenlong Carl , Nietz Sarah , Phakathi Boitumelo , Buccimazza Ines , Čačala Sharon , Stopforth Laura W. , Farrow Hayley A. , Mapanga Witness , Joffe Maureen , Chirwa Tobias , McCormack Valerie , Jacobson Judith S. , Crew Katherine D. , Neugut Alfred I. , Ruff Paul , Cubasch Herbert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn some countries of sub‐Saharan Africa, the prevalence of HIV exceeds 20%; in South Africa, 20.4% of people are living with HIV. We examined the impact of HIV infection on the overall survival (OS) of women with nonmetastatic breast cancer (BC) enrolled in the South African Breast Cancer and HIV Outcomes (SABCHO) study. We recruited women with newly diagnosed BC at six public hospitals from 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2019. Among women with stages I‐III BC, we compared those with and without HIV infection on sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment factors. We analyzed the impact of HIV on OS using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Of 2367 women with stages I‐III BC, 499 (21.1%) had HIV and 1868 (78.9%) did not. With a median follow‐up of 29 months, 2‐year OS was poorer among women living with HIV (WLWH) than among HIV‐uninfected women (72.4% vs 80.1%, P < .001; adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22‐1.83). This finding was consistent across age groups ≥45 years and <45 years, stage I‐II BC and stage III BC, and ER/PR status (all P < .03). Both WLWH with <50 viral load copies/mL and WLWH with ≥50 viral load copies/mL had poorer survival than HIV‐uninfected BC patients [aHR: 1.35 (1.09‐1.66) and 1.54 (1.20‐2.00), respectively], as did WLWH who had ≥200 CD4+ cells/mL at diagnosis [aHR: 1.39 (1.15‐1.67)]. Because receipt of antiretroviral therapy has become widespread, WLWH is surviving long enough to develop BC; more research is needed on the causes of their poor survival.
Non‐Uniform Strain Engineering of 2D Materials
Authors: Kovalchuk Sviatoslav , Kirchhof Jan. N. , Bolotin Kirill I. , Harats Moshe G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract2D materials are elastic substances that can sustain high strain. While the response of these materials to spatially uniform strain is well studied, the effects of spatially non‐uniform strain are understood much less. In this review, we examine the response of two different 2D materials, transition metal dichalcogenides and graphene, under non‐uniform strain. First, we analyze pseudo‐magnetic fields formed in graphene subjected to highly localized non‐uniform strain. Second, we discuss the effect of non‐uniform strain on excitons in non‐uniformly strained TMDC. We show that while transport or “funneling” of excitons is relatively inefficient, a different process, a strain‐related conversion of excitons to trions is dominant. Finally, we discuss the effects of uniform and non‐uniform strain in a graphene‐based phononic crystal. We find that uniform strain can be used to broadly tune the frequency of the phononic bandgap by more than 350 % and non‐uniform strain smears that bandgap.
The effects of sulfated hyaluronan in breast, lung and colorectal carcinoma and monocytes/macrophages cells: Its role in angiogenesis and tumor progression
Authors: Spinelli Fiorella M. , Rosales Paolo , Pluda Stefano , Vitale Daiana L. , Icardi Antonella , Guarise Cristian , Reszegi Andrea , Kovalszky Ilona , García Mariana , Sevic Ina , Galesso Devis , Alaniz Laura 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHyaluronan (HA) is a component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) it is the main non‐sulfated glycosaminoglycan able to modulate cell behavior in the healthy and tumor context. Sulfated hyaluronan (sHA) is a biomaterial derived from chemical modifications of HA, since this molecule is not naturally sulfated. The HA sulfation modifies several properties of the native molecule, acquiring antitumor properties in different cancers. In this study, we evaluated the action of sHA of ~30–60 kDa with different degrees of sulfation (0.7 sHA1 and 2.5 sHA3) on tumor cells of a breast, lung, and colorectal cancer model and its action on other cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as endothelial and monocytes/macrophage cells. Our data showed that in breast and lung tumor cells, sHA3 is able to modulate cell viability, cytotoxicity, and proliferation, but no effects were observed on colorectal cancer cells. In 3D cultures of breast and lung cancer cells, sHA3 diminished the size of the tumorsphere and modulated total HA levels. In these tumor models, treatment of monocytes/macrophages with sHA3 showed a downregulation of the expression of angiogenic factors. We also observed a decrease in endothelial cell migration and modulation of the hyaluronan‐binding protein TSG‐6. In the breast in vivo xenograft model, monocytes/macrophages preincubated with sHA1 or sHA3 decreased tumor vasculature, TSG‐6 and HA levels. Besides, in silico analysis showed an association of TSG‐6, HAS2, and IL‐8 with biological processes implicated in the progression of the tumor. Taken together, our data indicate that sHA in a breast and lung tumor context is able to induce an antiangiogenic action on tumor cells as well as in monocytes/macrophages (Mo/MØ) by modulation of endothelial migration, angiogenic factors, and vessel formation.
Shape memory polymer hydrogels with cell‐responsive degradation mechanisms for Crohn's fistula closure
Authors: Beaman Henry T. , Howes Bryanna , Ganesh Priya , Monroe Mary Beth Browning 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCrohn's disease, a form of inflammatory bowel disease, commonly results in fistulas, tunneling wounds between portions of the urinary, reproductive, and/or digestive systems. These tunneling wounds cause pain, infection, and abscess formation. Of Crohn's patients with fistula formation, 83% undergo surgical intervention to either drain or bypass the fistula openings, and ~23% of these patients ultimately require bowel resections. Current treatment options, such as setons, fibrin glues, and bioprosthetic plugs, are prone to infection, dislodging, and/or require a secondary removal surgery. Thus, there is a need for fistula filling material that can be easily and stably implanted and then degraded during fistula healing to eliminate the need for removal. Here, the development of a shape memory polymer hydrogel foam containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cornstarch (CS) with a disulfide polyurethane crosslinker is presented. These materials undergo controlled degradation by amylase, which is present in the digestive tract, and by reducing thiol species such as glutathione/dithiothreitol. Increasing CS content and using lower molecular weight PVA can be used to increase the degradation rate of the materials while maintaining shape memory properties that could be utilized for easy implantation. This material platform is based on low‐cost and easily accessible components and provides a biomaterial scaffold with cell‐responsive degradation mechanisms for future potential use in Crohn's fistula treatment.
Effects of local single dose administration of parathormone on the early stages of osseointegration: A pre‐clinical study
Authors: Grossi João Ricardo Almeida , Deliberador Tatiana Miranda , Giovanini Allan Fernando , Zielak João César , Sebastiani Aline , Gonzaga Carla Castiglia , Coelho Paulo G. , Zétola André Luis , Weiss Fernando P. , Benalcázar Jalkh Ernesto B. , Storrer Carmen Lucia Mueller , Witek Lukasz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the effect of parathormone (PTH) administered directly to the implant's surface prior to insertion, using a large translational animal model. Sixty titanium implants were divided into four groups: (i) Collagen, control group, where implants were coated with Type‐I Bovine‐collagen, and three experimental groups, where implants received varying doses of PTH: (ii) 12.5, (iii) 25, and (iv) 50 μg, prior to placement. Fifteen female sheep (~2 years old, weighing ~65 kg) received four implants in an interpolated fashion in C3, C4 or C5 vertebral bodies. After 3‐, 6‐ and 12‐weeks, samples were harvested, histologically processed, qualitatively and quantitatively assessed for bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). BIC yielded lower values at 6‐weeks for 50 μg relative to the control group, with no significant differences, when compared to the 12.5‐ and 25‐μg. No significant differences were detected at 6‐weeks between collagen, 12.5‐ and 25‐μg groups. At 3‐ and 12‐weeks, no differences were detected for BIC among PTH groups. With respect to BAFO, no significant differences were observed between the control and experimental groups independent of PTH concentration and time in vivo. Qualitative observations at 3‐weeks indicated the presence of a more mature bone near the implant's surface with the application of PTH, however, no significant differences in new bone formation or healing patterns were observed at 6‐ and 12‐weeks. Single local application of different concentrations of PTH on titanium implant's surface did not influence the osseointegration at any time‐point evaluation in low‐density bone.
Unusual Cortical Phenotype After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient With Osteopetrosis
Authors: Afshariyamchlou Sonia , Ng Michelle , Ferdjallah Asmaa , Warden Stuart J. , Niziolek Paul , Alam Imranul , Polgreen Lynda E. , Imel Erik A. , Orchard Paul , Econs Michael J. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThe osteopetroses are a group of rare genetic diseases caused by osteoclast dysfunction or absence. The hallmark of osteopetrosis is generalized increased bone mineral density (BMD). However, the bone is fragile and fractures are common. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually a severe disorder and often life‐threatening in childhood. We present male siblings with autosomal recessive osteopetrosis due to biallelic variants in TCIRG1 who survived childhood and underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) in adulthood. One sibling died of posttransplant complications. After transplant, the other sibling had improvement of multiple clinical parameters, including some decline in BMD Z‐scores by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) and cessation of fractures. However, spine quantitative computed tomography 11 years after transplant demonstrated an anvil pattern of sclerosis with BMD Z‐score of +18.3. High‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR‐pQCT) of the tibia demonstrated near complete obliteration of the marrow space combined with an unusual cortical phenotype, suggesting extensive cortical porosity at the distal tibia. This case highlights that despite successful transplantation and subsequent improvement in clinical parameters, this patient continued to have significantly elevated bone density and decreased marrow space. Transplant‐associated increased cortical porosity is multifactorial and occurs in two‐thirds of non‐osteopetrotic patients undergoing HSCT. This finding after transplant in osteopetrosis may suggest particular sensitivity of the cortical bone to resorptive activity of transplanted osteoclasts. The case also suggests HR‐pQCT may be a useful modality for imaging and assessing the therapeutic effects on bone in individuals with osteopetrosis. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.