bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of patients with initial acute respiratory failure on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) requiring additional circulatory support by VVA ECMO
Authors: Erlebach Rolf , Wild Lennart , Seeliger Benjamin , Rath Ann-Kathrin , Andermatt Rea , Hofmaenner Daniel , Schewe Jens-Christian , Ganter Christoph Camille , Putensen Christian , Natanov Ruslan , Kühn Christian , Bauersachs Johann , Welte Tobias , Hoeper Marius M , Wendel-Garcia Pedro David , David Sascha , Bode Christian , Stahl Klaus , group BonHanZA (Bonn-Hannover-Zurich-ARDS) study group BonHanZA (B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly used to support patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In case of additional cardio-circulatory failure, some experienced centers upgrade the VV-ECMO with an additional arterial backflow cannula (termed VVA-ECMO). Here we analyzed short- and long-term outcome together with potential predictors of mortality. Methods: Retrospective analysis of outcome in VV ECMO patients with ARDS that received VVA upgrade due to acute cardio-circulatory deterioration from 2008-2021 at three ECMO referral centers.Results: We identified 73 VVA ECMO patients that either required an upgrade from VV to VVA (n=53) or were directly triple cannulated (n=20), most commonly for concomitant right-sided heart failure. Median (Interquartile Range) age was 49 (28-57) years and SOFA score was 14 (12-17) at VVA ECMO upgrade. ECMO support was required over 12 (6-22) days and ICU length of stay was 32 (16-46) days. Overall ICU mortality was 48% and hospital mortality 51%. Two additional patients died after hospital discharge while the remaining patients survived up to two years (with six patients being lost to follow-up). A SOFA score > 14 at the day of VVA upgrade and higher lactate level were independent predictors of mortality in the multivariate regression analysis.Conclusions: In this analysis, the use of VVA ECMO in patients with initial ARDS and concomitant cardiocirculatory failure was associated with a hospital survival of about 50%, and most of these patients survived up to 2 years. A SOFA score >14 and elevated lactate levels at the day of VVA upgrade predict unfavorable outcome.
Examining Wireless Networks Encryption by Simulation of Attacks
Authors: Alodat Iyas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Wireless LANs widespread use is attributable to a combination of factors, including simple construction, employee convenience, connection selection convenience, and the ability to support continual movement from residences to large corporate networks. For organizations, however, the availability of wireless LAN means an increased danger of cyberattacks and challenges, according to IT professionals and security specialists. In this paper examines many of the security concerns and vulnerabilities associated with the IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN encryption standard, as well as typical cyber threats and attacks affecting wireless LAN systems in homes and organizations, and provide general guidance and suggestions for home and business users.
Neuroinflammation regulates the balance between hippocampal neuron death and neurogenesis in an ex vivo model of thiamine deficiency
Authors: Cassiano Larissa M. G. , Oliveira Marina S. , Pioline Jeanne , Salim Anna C. M. , Coimbra Roney S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a cofactor for enzymes of central energy metabolism and its deficiency (TD) impairs oxidative phosphorylation, increases oxidative stress, and activates inflammatory processes that can lead to neurodegeneration. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is a consequence of chronic TD, which leads to extensive neuronal death, and is associated with neuropathological disorders, including cognitive deficits and amnesia. The hippocampus is one of the brain areas most affected by WKS. B1 replacement may not be enough to prevent the irreversible cognitive deficit associated with WKS.Materials and methods: An organotypic hippocampal slice culture (OHC) model was developed to investigate by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy and transcriptome analysis the molecular mechanisms underlying the neurodegeneration associated with TD. The effect of anti-inflammatory pharmacological intervention with resveratrol (RSV) was assessed in B1 deprived OHCs.Results: In OHCs cultured without B1, neuronal density decayed after five days and, on the seventh day, the epigenetic marks H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 were altered in mature neurons likely favoring gene transcription. Between the seventh and the fourteenth day, a pulse of neurogenesis was observed followed by a further massive neuron loss. Transcriptome analysis at day nine disclosed 89 differentially expressed genes in response to B1 deprivation. Genes of tryptophan metabolism and lysine degradation KEGG pathways, and genes with Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to the organization of the extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, and positive regulation of synaptic transmission were upregulated, while several genes of the TNF and FoxO signaling pathways and genes with GO terms related to inflammation were inhibited in response to B1 deprivation. Nsd1, whose product methylates histone H3 lysine 36, was upregulated and the epigenetic mark H3K36me3 associated with negative regulation of neurogenesis was increased in neurons. Treating B1 deprived OHCs with RSV hastened the pulse of neurogenesis.Conclusion: Neuroregeneration occurs in B1 deficient hippocampal tissue during a time window. This phenomenon depends on reducing neuroinflammation and likely on metabolic changes allowing acetyl-CoA synthesis from amino acids to ensure energy supply via oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, neuroinflammation is implicated as a major regulator of hippocampal neurogenesis in TD opening a new search space for treating WKS.
What’s the thermodynamic research direction for real solution
Authors: Xia Zhi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
At present, the thermodynamic research is focused on the system. The partial molar quantity of components is the property of the system. And the partial molar quantity of components did not equal to the corresponding intensive property possessed by components. In most cases in the real solution, the partial molar Gibbs energy of one component wan not the chemical potential of the component. On some special occasion, such as in idea solution, the partial molar Gibbs energy of one component equals to the chemical potential of the component. To obtain the chemical potential of components, the activity coefficient was introduced into the present solution thermodynamic theory. The relation of the activity coefficient between the size and the structure of molecules of every component are difficult to discover. The ultimate goal of the thermodynamic is predicting the chemical potential. But the activity coefficient can not be predicted effectively. The reported methods for predicting activity coefficient or excess function can only work in certain system . The solution thermodynamic research direction should be establishing a series of state functions possessed by components. The physic significance of those state functions is clear, and activity coefficient was not included in those state functions.
Giant bladder stone secondary to recurrent urethral stricture; a rare case report and review of literature
Authors: Adime Wale Munay , Adem Ramzi Yessuf , Mummed Ferid Ousman , Gebreselassie Kaleab Habtemichael , Issack Feysel Hassen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: A giant bladder stone is very rare in adults. We report a case of giant bladder stone caused by recurrent urethral stricture in a 31-year-old male patient who had a history of recurrent bladder stone episodes. Case presentation: we present a case of a 31-year-old male patient, who presented with irritative lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Past surgical history was remarkable for urethral injury due to road traffic accident (RTA) for which urethroplasty was done. A non-contrast-enhanced CT scan and cystoscopy were used for the diagnosis. Open cystolithotomy was performed and a 110g weighing bladder stone was extracted. He was discharged improved. A urine leak from the cystotomy site due to transurethral foley catheter malfunction was noted on first follow-up visit. On the second follow-up visit, the urine leak ceased and the foley catheter was removed. The patient reported improvement of the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), on subsequent follow-up visits. Conclusion: This case represents the second-largest bladder stone reported in Ethiopia. Another peculiarity is the recurrent bladder stone following recurrent urethral stricture after urethroplasty in our case.
Surgical site infection and associated factors among adult patients admitted in Bale Zone, Gindhir and Bale Robe General Hospitals, Oromia region, Southeast Ethiopia, 2020.
Authors: Badeso Mohammed Hasen ,   Nurzelam Adem1,   Adem Esmael2
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Surgical site infection is among the most preventable healthcare-associated infections. The magnitude and associated factors of surgical site infection in was not well documented in the study area. So the aim of this study is to assess surgical site infection and associated factors among adult patients admitted in Bale zone general hospitals, Oromia Region, Southeast Ethiopia, 2020.
Methods
Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among all postoperative adult patients (260) who underwent surgery from March 1 to April 30/2020 in selected hospitals by simple random sampling. Pretested and structured questionnaires and observational checklists were used for data collection. Data were checked daily for completeness and entered to Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Frequency, percentage, mean and chart were used to present the result. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was implemented and those variables with a p-value of < 0.25 in bi-variable were a candidate for multiple logistic regression. P-value < 0.05 was considered as significantly associated with outcome variables.
Results
A total of 260 patients participated in the study which gives a response rate of 90%. Of study participants, 139 (53.5%) were males and more than two-thirds of the respondents were from rural 174 (66.9%). The mean ages of the patients were 40.2, standard deviation ± 14.20 years. The prevalence of surgical site infection was 9.2%( 95% CI [5.7–12.7]). Patients with comorbidity disease AOR, 15.75(95% CI [2.81–33.42]), antimicrobial prophylaxis before operation AOR = 0.19(95% CI [0.06–0.53]) and body mass index ≥ 25 AOR, 12.5(95% CI [3-65.4]) where associated factors of surgical site infections.
Conclusion
The magnitude of surgical site infections was comparatively high. Comorbidity disease, antimicrobial prophylaxis and body mass index ≥ 25 were associated factors. Efforts should be made to improve the appropriate and timely delivery of intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis before surgery and health care providers should screen and manage co-morbidities.
Smartphone-based Mobile Applications for Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting: global status and impact on the quality and quantity of individual case safety reports
Authors: Fukushima Ayako , Iessa Noha , Balakrishnan Madhava Ram , Pal Shanthi Narayan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Smartphone technology can support paperless reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The aims of this study were to systematically assess smartphone ADR-reporting applications, understand their qualitative and quantitative impact on ADR reporting, and garner key lessons from owners and developers.Methods: This study had three components: (1) An assessment of ADR-reporting apps, (2) an online survey on the impact of app implementation on ADR reporting and the experiences of app developers and owners, and (3) a search of VigiBase, the World Health Organization global database of individual case safety reports (ICSRs), to observe trends in the number of ADR reports targeting countries where the apps were implemented. Results: Twenty-two apps were included. Most (8/22) were for countries in the WHO African region. Features observed included E2B data elements and functions supporting reporting and user engagement. Seventeen app developers and owners answered to the survey and reported overall positive experiences with app features, and post-launch increases in the total number of ICSRs. User type and user environment were cited as factors influencing app use: Respondents said younger people and/or those with an inclination to use technology were more likely to use apps compared to older or more technology-averse people, while respondents in countries with limited internet connectivity reported persistent difficulties in app use.Conclusions: Smartphone apps for reporting ADRs offer added value compared to conventional reporting tools. Reporting tools should be selected based on interface features and factors that may influence app usage.
Measuring Nigeria’s output gap: Kalman Filter
Authors: Uzoagulu Promise Chinecherem 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The deviation between an economy's estimated potential output and its actual level of output is known as the output gap. The goal of assessing the output gap is to determine the scope or limit for long-term non-inflationary growth and to assess policymakers' opinions on macroeconomic policies. Using the state-space model and Kalman filtering, the study used seasonally adjusted quarterly and annual GDP data from Nigeria. In order to state the predictability of output, the paper extended the univerate model to a multivariate model. However, we used the univariate HP filter as a baseline for comparing the output gap. The result shows that the gap size varies depending on the approach applied. The univariate unobserved component utilizing the Kalman filter produces a more robust result than the HP filter for annual and quarterly data. The estimated output gap reveals sensitivity due to the inclusion of unemployment in the quarterly data as well.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À QUALIDADE DE VIDA, ESTADO NUTRICIONAL E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DOS IDOSOS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Terra Marinho Jaciara Ribeiro , Manochio Pina Marina Garcia , Ramos Salvador Boccaletti 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica brasileira sobre Qualidade de Vida (QV), Estado Nutricional (EN) e Políticas Públicas do Idoso. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas de evidências nas bases de dados BVS, PubMed e Scielo a fim de responder ao questionamento: Quais os fatores que mais interferem na QV do idoso? Resultados: Foram selecionados 15 artigos, sendo 9 sobre QV, 5 EN e 1 Políticas Públicas do Idoso. Houve predomínio de mulheres, entre 60 e 70 anos, casadas, aposentadas, que recebem um salário mínimo e com baixa escolaridade. A maioria dos idosos percebeu sua QV e Saúde como “Boa”. As doenças que mais predominaram foram as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) e a maioria dos idosos praticam atividade física regularmente. Com relação ao EN o excesso de peso e os hábitos alimentares inadequados foram os que mais se destacaram. Conclusão: os Determinantes Sociais de Saúde, a prática de atividade física, o sexo, idade, classe econômica, o EN e de saúde e a participação em um grupo de convivência para idosos estão associados à QV dos idosos, além de promover a saúde e bem-estar e a melhora da percepção de QV.

Palavras-chave: Idoso. Estado nutricional. Nutrição do idoso. Política de saúde do idoso. Qualidade de vida.
PESANTREN DAN UPAYA DERADIKALISASI AGAMA
Authors: Mukodi Mukodi 
Published: February 2022

The de-radicalization of Islam in Tremas Islamic boarding school was found to have its continuing momentums from generation to generation. Through cultural practices as: scientific culture, religious culture, social culture, and political culture the seeds of such de-radicalization were disseminated. However, the dynamic fluctuation of extremism both transnationally and internationally became a specific challenge. Furthermore, the massive development of Information and Com­muni­cation Technology (ICT) significantly impacted on the mindset of Tremas boarding school community. Applying qualitative approach and pheno­meno­logical method, this article revealed how the religious de-radicalization in Tremas boarding school was knitted and framed in the practices of daily culture. Such practices were carried out in order to make Islamic generations may wisely behave and act. Moreover, Islam might ocupy as it should be, namely Islam as raḥmatan li ’l-‘ālamīn, love peace, promoting love and affection, as well as non-violence.***Deradikalisasi agama Islam di Pondok Tremas dari generasi ke generasi se­nantiasa menemukan momentum. Melalui praktik budaya Pondok Tremas yang meliputi: budaya keilmuan, budaya keagamaan, budaya sosial dan budaya politik benih-benih deradikalisasi agama Islam disemaikan. Namun demikian, pasang surut paham ekstremisme yang berkembang di transnasional, dan inter­nasional menjadi tantangan tersendiri. Apalagi masifnya perkembangan media teknologi dan informatika berekses secara signifikan pada pola pikir warga Pondok Tremas. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dan metode fenomenologi, artikel ini menjelaskan bagaimana deradikalisasi agama di Pondok Tremas dirajut, dan dibingkai dalam praktik-praktik budaya keseharian. Hal itu, dilakukan agar generasi Islam dapat bijak dalam bersikap dan bertindak. Lebih dari itu, agar agama Islam dapat menempati area yang semestinya, yakni agama raḥmatan li ’l-‘ālamīn, tanpa kekerasan, cinta perdamaian, dan mengedepankan cinta kasih.
REORIENTASI MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM (PAI) DAN DERADIKALISASI AGAMA
Authors: Syukur Fatah 
Published: February 2022

Islamic religious education in schools substantively had a very important role. In accordance with the mandate of the Law on National Education System, religious education should be provided to learners at all levels of education. Religious education was expected not only to provide knowledge of religion, but also build the personality character of the students using religious values taught. Through quantitative research, this study examined the implementation of Islamic religious education in schools with the research problems: is there any correlation with religious observance, and any other factors that affect the behavior of religion? How does the orientation of Islamic religious educationin schools? The results showed that Islamic education is not positively correlated to the level of religious observance. Similarly, differences in men and women are not correlated to the level of religious observance. Therefore, there will be necessary reorientation of religious education in schools.***Pendidikan agama Islam di sekolah secara substantif memiliki peran yang sangat penting. Sesuai dengan amanat Undang-undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, bahwa Pendidikan Agama harus diberikan kepada peserta didik di semua jenjang pendidikan. Diharapkan Pendidikan Agama bukan hanya memberikan penge­tahu­an agama saja, akan tetapi juga membentuk karakter kepribadian anak didik dengan nilai-nilai yang diajarkan oleh agama. Melalui penelitian kuantitatif, tulisan ini mengkaji pelaksanaan Pendidikan Agama Islam di sekolah, apakah ada korelasi­­­nya dengan ketaatan beragama, adakah faktor-faktor lain yang ber­pengaruh terhadap perilaku beragama? Serta bagaimana orientasi Pendidikan Agama Islam di sekolah? Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pendidikan Agama Islam tidak berkorelasi positif terhadap tingkat ketaatan beragama. Demikian pula perbedaan laki-laki dan perempuan tidak berkorelasi terhadap tingkat ketaatan beragama. Oleh karena itu, maka perlu ada reorientasi Pen­didikan Agama di sekolah.
Evaluating the effect of acute ammonia toxicity in a freshwater ecological environment on the growth and hematological functioning of Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Bethel Uchenna Udume , Henry Obiahu Ota , Yan Zhifeng , Chidi Chikeziri Onyewuchi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of ammonia toxicity on the growth and hematology of Clarias gariepinus. The mean weight gain of fish 1.52 ± 0.3 g was investigated under laboratory conditions at static bioassay for 96 h and 14 days, respectively. Five treatments of 96 h median lethal concentration LC50 were used, namely, T0 (0.00 g·l−1), T1 (0.40 g·l−1), T2 (0.60 g·l−1), T3 (0.80 g·l−1) and T4 (1.00 g·l−1), and each of these treatment concentrations was replicated three times for both toxicity exposures. The results clearly revealed that 96 h median lethal concentration (LC50) at treatments T4 (4.00), T3 (3.00), T2 (2.00) and T0 (0.00) g·l−1 gave an average mean value of 3.02 ± 0.02 g·l−1 with upper and lower limits of 6.28 and 1.42 g·l−1, respectively. The overall percentage mortality showed more than 71% of fish mortality at T4. Values for the 14-day sub-acute exposures to ammonia concentrations of T4 (1.00), T3 (0.80), T2 (0.60) and control (0.00) g·l−1 were also obtained. Growth indices indicated significant decreases (P&lt;0.05) in the total feed intake (TFI), specific growth rate (SGR), mean weight gain and food conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control.
Occurrence and removal of 25 antibiotics during sewage treatment processes and potential risk analysis
Authors: Wang Xinting , Huang Ning , Wang Jin , Lu Chunliu , Li Guangying , Li Fang , Hu Zaoshi , Bi Xiaoyu , Wu Lieshan , Tian Yan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The occurrence and removal of 25 antibiotics, including ten quinolones (QNs), four macrolides (MLs), four tetracyclines (TCs) and seven sulfonamides (SNs), were analysed at two sewage treatment plants (STPs) with different treatment units in Guangxi Province, China. The results showed that 14 and 16 antibiotics were detected in the influent of the two STPs, with concentrations ranging from 13.7–4265.2 ng/L and 14.5–10761.7 ng/L, respectively. Among the antibiotics, TCs were the main type in the study area, accounting for more than 79% of the total concentration of all antibiotics. The antibiotic removal efficiencies of the different process units ranged from −56.73% to 100.0%. It was found that the SN removal efficiency of the multistage composite mobile bed membrane bioreactor (MBBR) process was better than that of the continuous-flow Intermission biological reactor (IBR) process, while the IBR process was better than the MBBR process in terms of removing TCs and MLs; however, there was no obvious difference in the QN removal efficiencies of these two processes. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed a strong correlation between antibiotic concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Risk assessments indicated that algae, followed by invertebrates and fish, were the most sensitive aquatic organisms to the detected antibiotics.