bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening, identification, and degradation characteristics of 3-methylindole degrading bacteria
Authors: Hu Hong , Li Lei , Gao Feng , Diao Wentao , Ma Huan , Feng Fei , Quan Shujing , Xiang Lingyun , Zhang Xiujiang 
Published: November 2022

3-Methylindole is a major component of organic pollutants in livestock compost, which can contribute to the deterioration of the environment in livestock farms and their surrounding areas. This study demonstrates that using microorganisms to degrade 3-methylindole is an effective method for energy conservation and environmental protection. The microbe capable of efficiently degrading 3-methylindole was isolated and screened from fecal samples. The isolated bacteria were identified as Acinetobacter oleivorans after morphological characterization and 16S rRNA sequencing. This project demonstrated that 3-methylindole was completely degraded under optimal conditions (initial concentration of 3MI: 100 mg/L, 30°C, pH8.0, and shaking at 160 rpm for 48 h). N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine, Phenylacetaldehyde, Phenylacetic acid, Indole-3-carboxylic acid, and Indole-3-carboxaldehyde were the primary metabolites of this degradation process. This study provides a theoretical foundation for other microbe-mediated environmental remediation approaches as well as a basis for future work to apply bacteria that degrade 3-methylindole for the purification of polluted environments. It has a promising application in the control of malodorous gas pollution in the large-scale livestock and poultry breeding industries.
Comparisons of climate change characteristics in typical arid regions of the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Yan Xinyang , Cheng Peng , Zhang Qiang , Li Xiaoqin , He Jinmei , Yan Xiaomin , Zhao Wenjing , Wang Lei 
Published: November 2022

In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of severe drought events, climate change in arid regions has become one of the research hotspots. However, previous studies mainly focused on a specific arid region, and the correlations and differences of drought among various arid regions have not been clearly understood. In this study, based on the latest monthly gridded dataset of the CRU, we compare the characteristics of climate change and its relationship with large-scale oceanic oscillation indexes in the three typical arid regions of Pan-Central-Asia (PCA), North America (NAm) and North Africa (NAf) in multiple perspectives. The results show that the precipitation in the PCA and NAm has increased obviously over the past 80 years, while the NAf precipitation has decreased. After the 1980s, the climate in the PCA and NAm show warm-wet types. This type of the former continues to the present, but the latter’s has changed to a warm-dry type since the 21st century. The NAf climate remains the warm-dry type since the 1990s. Nonetheless, the arid and semi-arid climate patterns in the three typical arid regions remain unchanged. The NAm precipitation has an anti-phase variability pattern compared with the NAf precipitation on both interdecadal and multi-decadal time scales. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) has a great influence on the precipitation of the PCA and NAm. The temperature of three arid regions is significantly related to the variations in the Arctic oscillation (AO). In the inland arid region, the contribution of strong warming effect during cold season to the whole year is much greater than that during warm season, while the contribution of the coastal arid regions in warm season is greater. The precipitation in the mid-latitude arid regions is dominated by cold-season precipitation regardless of whether these regions are near the sea or not. The precipitation in the low-latitude arid regions has little difference between cold and warm seasons.
The duration and breadth of antibody responses to 3-dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccinations in healthy blood donors: An observational study
Authors: Ou Shanhai , Huang Zehong , Lan Miaoling , Ye Jianghui , Chen Jijin , Guo Huilin , Xiao Jin , Zhuang Shucheng , Wu Jiahuang , Yang Chuanlai , Fang Mujin , Su Yingying , Wu Ting , Ge Shengxiang , Cheng Tong , Zhang Yongchang , Lin Yongcai , Zhang Yali , Chen Guowei , Yuan Quan 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the duration and breadth of antibodies elicited by inactivated COVID-19 vaccinations in healthy blood donors.MethodsWe performed serological tests on 1,417 samples from 658 blood donors who received two (n=357), or three (n=301) doses of COVID-19 inactivated vaccine. We also accessed the change in antibody response before and after booster vaccination in 94 participants and their neutralization breadth to the current variants after the booster.ResultsFollowing vaccination, for either the 2- or 3-dose, the neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) peaked with about 97% seropositivity approximately within one month but subsequently decreased over time. Of plasmas collected 6-8 months after the last immunization, the nAb seropositivities were 37% and 85% in populations with 2-dose and 3-dose vaccinations, respectively. The nAbs of plasma samples (collected between 2-6 weeks after the 3rd dose) from triple-vaccinated donors (n=94) showed a geometric mean titer of 145.3 (95% CI: 117.2 to 180.1) against the ancestral B.1, slightly reduced by 1.7-fold against Delta variant, but markedly decreased by 4-6 fold in neutralizing Omicron variants, including the sub-lineages of BA.1 (5.6-fold), BA.1.1 (6.0-fold), BA.2 (4.2-fold), B.2.12.1 (6.2-fold) and BA.4/5 (6.5-fold).ConclusionThese findings suggested that the 3rd dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine prolongs the antibody duration in healthy populations, but the elicited-nAbs are less efficient in neutralizing circulating Omicron variants.
Increased monocyte abundance as a marker for relapse after discontinuation of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease with deep remission
Authors: Kwon Yiyoung , Kim Yoon Zi , Choe Yon Ho , Kim Mi Jin 
Published: November 2022

Monocytes are involved in the upstream inflammatory process in the immune reaction in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with IBD who discontinued biologics have been found to relapse, even after checking for deep remission. This study investigated whether monocytes could act as a predictor of relapse in patients who experienced relapse after the discontinuation of biologics. To this end, pediatric patients (&lt;19 years old, n = 727) diagnosed with IBD from January 2003 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical features, monocytes, and disease activity at the time of discontinuing biologics were evaluated by dividing patients into a relapsed group and a non-relapsed group after discontinuing biologics. The percentage of monocytes (8.65% vs. 6.42%, P &lt; 0.001), the absolute monocyte count (614.79 cells/μL vs. 381.70 cells/μL, P &lt; 0.001), and the monocyte/polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) ratio (0.18 vs. 0.11, P &lt; 0.001) at the time of discontinuation were significantly higher in patients who experienced relapse. As a result of multivariate analysis, the monocyte percentage (odds ratio: 2.012, P &lt; 0.001) and monocyte/PMN ratio (odds ratio: 4.320E+14, P = 0.002) were evaluated as risk factors for relapse. Diagnostic capability was confirmed using area under operating characteristic curve (0.782) of the monocyte percentage for assessing the relapse within 6 months with cutoff value of 8.15% (P &lt; 0.001). The findings presented in this study indicate that the patients with high monocyte counts experienced relapse after the discontinuation of biologics. A monocyte percentage of over 8.15% in the blood at the time of discontinuation was found to be associated with a high probability of relapse within 6 months, even in deep remission.
Exploring the active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of the oral intake formula Huoxiang Suling Shuanghua Decoction on influenza virus type A based on network pharmacology and experimental exploration
Authors: Tang Ruying , Wang Linyuan , Zhang Jianjun , Li Xinyu , Tan Lingyun , He Wei , Han Hui , Liu Yuan , Wang Keyu , Wang Mengyao 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the active ingredients, underlying anti-influenza virus effects, and mechanisms of Huoxiang Suling Shuanghua Decoction (HSSD).Materials and methodsThe therapeutic effect of HSSD were confirmed through the survival rate experiment of H1N1-infected mice. Then, the HSSD solution and the ingredients absorbed into the blood after treatment with HSSD in rats were identified by UPLC/Q-TOF MS, while the main contents of ingredients were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Next, a systems pharmacology approach incorporating target prediction, gene ontology (GO) enrichment, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and molecular docking were performed to screen out the active compounds and critical pathways of HSSD in treating influenza. According to prediction results, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry assay were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of critical targets in H1N1-infected mice lungs.ResultsHuoxiang Suling Shuanghua Decoction improved the survival rate of H1N1-infected mice and prolonged the mice’s lifespan. Besides, HSSD exerts an antivirus effect by decreasing the levels of hemagglutinin (HA) and nucleoprotein (NP) to inhibit the replication and proliferation of H1N1, reducing the lung pathological state, inhibiting the cell apoptosis in the lung, and regulating the abnormal responses of peripheral blood, including GRA, LYM, white blood cell (WBC), PLT, and hemoglobin (HGB). Then, 87 compounds in the HSSD solution and 20 ingredients absorbed into the blood after treatment with HSSD were identified. Based on this, combined with the network analysis and previous research on antivirus, 16 compounds were screened out as the active components. Moreover, 16 potential targets were predicted by network pharmacology analysis. Next, molecular docking results showed stable binding modes between compounds and targets. Furthermore, experimental validation results indicated that HSSD regulates the contents of Immunoglobulin A (IgA), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum, modulating the levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and IP-10 in the lung tissue, and significantly decreasing the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, CD14, MyD88, NF-κB p65, HIF1 α, VEGF, IL17A, and IL6 in the lung tissue.ConclusionHuoxiang Suling Shuanghua Decoction exerts an anti-influenza effect by affecting the expressions of mRNA and protein including TLR4, CD14, MyD88, NF-kB p65, HIF-1α, VEGF, IL17A, IL6, and inhibiting the accumulation of inflammation. Our study provided experimental pieces of evidence about the practical application of HSSD in treating influenza.
Utility of serum nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 as a potential prognostic biomarker of severe traumatic brain injury in adults: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Yan Xin-Jiang , Zhan Cheng-Peng , Lv Yao , Mao Dan-Dan , Zhou Ri-Cheng , Xv Yong-Min , Yu Guo-Feng 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) may harbor endogenous neuroprotective role. We strived to ascertain the prognostic significance of serum Nrf2 in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 105 controls and 105 sTBI patients, whose serum Nrf2 levels were quantified. Its relations to traumatic severity and 180-day overall survival, mortality, and poor prognosis (extended Glasgow Outcome Scale score 1–4) were discerned using multivariate analysis.ResultsThere was a substantial enhancement of serum Nrf1 levels of patients (median, 10.9 vs. 3.3 ng/ml; P &lt; 0.001), as compared to controls. Serum Nrf2 levels were independently correlative to Rotterdam computed tomography (CT) scores (ρ = 0.549, P &lt; 0.001; t = 2.671, P = 0.009) and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores (ρ = −0.625, P &lt; 0.001; t = −3.821, P &lt; 0.001). Serum Nrf2 levels were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors (median, 12.9 vs. 10.3 ng/ml; P &lt; 0.001) and in poor prognosis patients than in good prognosis patients (median, 12.5 vs. 9.4 ng/ml; P &lt; 0.001). Patients with serum Nrf2 levels &gt; median value (10.9 ng/ml) had markedly shorter 180-day overall survival time than the other remainders (mean, 129.3 vs. 161.3 days; P = 0.002). Serum Nrf2 levels were independently predictive of 180-day mortality (odds ratio, 1.361; P = 0.024), overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.214; P = 0.013), and poor prognosis (odds ratio, 1.329; P = 0.023). Serum Nrf2 levels distinguished the risks of 180-day mortality and poor prognosis with areas under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) at 0.768 and 0.793, respectively. Serum Nrf2 levels &gt; 10.3 ng/ml and 10.8 ng/ml discriminated patients at risk of 180-day mortality and poor prognosis with the maximum Youden indices of 0.404 and 0.455, respectively. Serum Nrf2 levels combined with GCS scores and Rotterdam CT scores for death prediction (AUC, 0.897; 95% CI, 0.837–0.957) had significantly higher AUC than GCS scores (P = 0.028), Rotterdam CT scores (P = 0.007), or serum Nrf2 levels (P = 0.006) alone, and the combination for poor outcome prediction (AUC, 0.889; 95% CI, 0.831–0.948) displayed significantly higher AUC than GCS scores (P = 0.035), Rotterdam CT scores (P = 0.006), or serum Nrf2 levels (P = 0.008) alone.ConclusionIncreased serum Nrf2 levels are tightly associated with traumatic severity and prognosis, supporting the considerable prognostic role of serum Nrf2 in sTBI.
RETRACTED: CSF p-tau as a potential cognition impairment biomarker in ALS
Authors: Gong Zhongying , Gao Lina , Lu Yi , Wang Zhiyun 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum tau (t-tau, p-tau) are potential biomarkers for neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease (AD), but their role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unclear.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to evaluate CSF and serum p-tau and t-tau in patients with ALS and to analyze the correlation and clinical parameters between them.MethodsCSF and serum samples were obtained from 90 patients with ALS, 48 other neurological disease (OND), and 20 with AM (ALS mimic, AM) diseases. The levels of p-tau and t-tau in the CSF and serum were assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and disease progression parameters, including the duration, the ALSFRS-R score, disease progression rate (DPR), the upper motor neuron (UMN) score, the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) score, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, and the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS) results, were analyzed by registered neurologists. Statistical analyses were performed using Prism software.ResultsCompared with controls, patients with ALS displayed significantly lower levels of CSF p-tau and p-tau:t-tau ratio. The CSF p-tau level in patients with ALS and cognition impairment was higher than that in patients with ALS who did not have cognition impairment. CSF p-tau level was negatively correlated with MMSE, MoCA, and ECAS total score and the specific score of ECAS in patients with ALS and cognition impairment.ConclusionsThe CSF p-tau level and p-tau:t-tau ratio were lower in patients with ALS than patients with OND and AM. Results suggest that CSF p-tau may be used as an index of cognition impairment in patients with ALS.
Case Report: Surgical thrombectomy in a patient with isolated cortical vein thrombosis previously misdiagnosed as brain tumor
Authors: Bai Yang , Dong Liansheng , Yu Chunyong , Feng Sizhe , Liang Guobiao 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionAs a rare type of cerebral venous thrombosis, isolated cortical vein thrombosis (ICVT) is easily misdiagnosed as brain tumor, especially in the cases with prominent signs of parenchymal brain lesions. Despite controversy concerning the efficacy and safety, anticoagulant treatment dominates in current therapeutic strategies for ICVT. As yet, surgical thrombectomy in the treatment of ICVT has not been reported. We present hereafter a female with ICVT previously misdiagnosed as brain tumor who had successful surgical thrombectomy.Case descriptionA 54-year-old female with progressive left-sided limb weakness suddenly developed focal tonic-clonic epileptic seizure. Physical examination indicated strength of 0/5 in the left limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an irregular juxtacortical lesion surrounded with massive edema in the frontoparietal cortex, which was initially diagnosed as glioma. However, it turned out to be ICVT of the central sulcus vein during craniotomy. Then, venotomy and thrombectomy were performed, with instant recanalization of the vein noticed during surgery. In retrospect, we identified the suspected ICVT of the central sulcus vein in preoperative magnetic resonance venotography (MRV) and contrast MRI images. Laboratory tests also revealed homocysteinemia and hypercoagulable states in the patient. Follow-up MRV obtained 3 months after discharge showed cortical vein recanalization. At the one-year follow-up, she exhibited subtle sequelae of weakness in the left lower limb with a modified Rankin scale score of 1.DiscussionPhysicians should be aware of ICVT in the differential diagnoses in patients with risk factors, classical symptoms, and parenchymal brain lesions in or near cortex. Surgical thrombectomy excels at realizing definite recanalization and avoiding systematic complications of anticoagulation. It might be a therapeutic alternative for ICVT, especially when craniotomy is performed for treating intracranial hypertension or a definite diagnosis is made during craniotomy.
Analysis of predictors of mortality and clinical outcomes of different subphenotypes for moderate-to-severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome: A prospective single-center study
Authors: Wang Qingyue , Liu Yanling , Fu Yueqiang , Liu Chengjun , Li Jing , Dang Hongxing 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to observe the prognosis of patients with moderate-to-severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) as a function of underlying conditions and available treatment strategies, and to investigate the risk factors for death and the outcomes of different clinical subphenotypes.MethodsPatients were divided into non-survivors and survivors according to the prognosis 28 days after the diagnosis. The risk factors for death and the predictive value of relevant factors for mortality were analyzed. Latent class analysis was used to identify different clinical subphenotypes.ResultsA total of 213 patients with moderate-to-severe PARDS were enrolled, of which 98 (46.0%) died. Higher PELOD2 scores (OR = 1.082, 95% CI 1.004–1.166, p &lt; 0.05), greater organ failure (OR = 1.617, 95% CI 1.130–2.313, p &lt; 0.05), sepsis (OR = 4.234, 95% CI 1.773–10.111, p &lt; 0.05), any comorbidity (OR = 3.437, 95% CI 1.489–7.936, p &lt; 0.05), and higher infiltration area grade (IAG) (OR = 1.980, 95% CI 1.028–3.813, p &lt; 0.05) were associated with higher mortality. The combination of these five indicators had the largest area under the curve (sensitivity 89.79%, specificity 94.78%). Patients were classified into higher-risk and lower-risk phenotype group according to the latent class analysis. Compared to the lower-risk phenotype, more patients with higher-risk phenotype suffered from sepsis (24.40% vs. 12.20%, p &lt; 0.05), inherited metabolic diseases (45.80% vs. 25.60%, p &lt; 0.05), positive respiratory pathogens (48.10% vs. 26.80%, p &lt; 0.05), and higher IAG (p &lt; 0.05); they also had significantly higher PIM3 and PELOD2 scores (p &lt; 0.05), with an extremely high mortality rate (61.1% vs. 22.0%, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsModerate-to-severe PARDS has high morbidity and mortality in PICU; a higher PELOD2 score, greater organ failure, sepsis, any comorbidity, and higher IAG were risk factors for death, and the combination of these five indicators had the greatest value in predicting prognosis. More patients with sepsis, positive respiratory pathogens, higher PIM3 and PELOD2 scores, and higher IAG were in higher-risk phenotype group, which had worse outcomes. Clear classification facilitates targeted treatment and prognosis determination.
Exploration of the minimum necessary FVIII level at different physical activity levels in pediatric patients with hemophilia A
Authors: Ai Di , Huang Kun , Li Gang , Zhen Yingzi , Wu Xinyi , Zhang Ningning , Huo Aihua , Chen Zhenping , Wu Runhui 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPhysical activity can increase joint stability and reduce the risk of injury in hemophilia patients. There is limited clinical data on target trough FVIII levels during physical activity in hemophilia A patients. Hence, this study aimed to explore the target trough FVIII level required to avoid bleeding during different physical activities in hemophilia A patients.MethodsPatients with severe or moderate hemophilia A, who underwent pharmacokinetics (PK) tests at our center were enrolled in this study. Physical activities and clinical information such as bleeding were recorded. The FVIII level during physical activity was calculated by the WAPPS-Hemo.ResultsA total of 105 patients were enrolled in this study. A total of 373 physical activities were recorded, of which 57.6% (215/373) was low-risk activities and the remaining 42.4% (158/373) was medium-risk activities. Most common physical activities were bicycling (59.0%), swimming (43.8%), running (48.6%), and jumping rope (41.0%). The FVIII trough level of low-risk physical activity was 3.8 IU/dl (AUC = 0.781, p = 0.002) and moderate-risk physical activity was 7.7 IU/dl (AUC = 0.809, p &lt; 0.001). FVIII trough levels [low-risk activities: 6.1 (3.1, 13.2) IU/dl vs. 7.7 (2.3, 10.5) IU/dl, moderate-risk activities: 9.6 (5.8, 16.9) IU/dl vs. 10.2 (5.5, 11.0) IU/dl] were not statistically different between the mild arthropathy group and the moderate-severe arthropathy group. Multiple bleeding risk tended to increase with physical activities classified as moderate-risk (OR [95% CI]: 3.815 [1.766–8.238], p = 0.001).ConclusionThe minimum necessary FVIII level increased with higher risk physical activity, irrespective of arthropathy.