bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuationin superiortemporal gyrus: a resting-state fMRI study in Anxious depression
Authors: Zhao Peng , Wang Xinyi , Wang Qiang , Yan Rui , Ridwan Chattun Mohammad , Yao Zhijian , Lu Qing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Anxious depression (AD), which is a common subtype of major depressive disorder (MDD), has distinct clinical features relative to non-anxious depression (NAD). However, little is known of the neurobiological characteristics of AD. In this study, we explored the regional brain activity changes during the resting-state between AD and NAD.
Method
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance (rs-fMRI) imaging data were collected from 60 patients with AD, 38 patients with NAD, and 60 matched healthy controls (HCs). The one-way analysis of variancewas conducted to compare whole brain fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) in the three groups. The correlation between the fALFF and the clinical measures was examined.
Results
AD patients showed reduced fALFF values in right superior temporal gyrus (STG) compared with NAD(p < 0.001,corrected). Within AD group, the fALFF value in right STG was positively correlated with the score of cognitive disturbances(r = 0.36, p = 0.005 corrected).
Conclusion
The right STG, which is related to the default mode network, might play an essential role in the neuropathological mechanism of AD.
Patterns and determinants of the global herbivorous mycobiome
Authors: Meili Casey , Jones Adrienne , Arreola Alex , Habel Jeffrey , Pratt Carrie , Hanafy Radwa , Wang Yan , Yassin Aymen , TagElDein Moustafa , Moon Christina , Janssen Peter , Shrestha Mitesh , Rajbhandari Prajwal , Nagler Magdalena , Vinzelj Julia , Podmirseg Sabine , Stajich Jason , Goetsch Arthur , Hayes Jerry , Young Diana , Fliegerova Katerina , Grilli Diego , Vodička Roman , Moniello Giuseppe , Mattiello Silvana , Kashef Mona , Nagy Yosra , Edwards Joan , Dagar Sumit , Foote Andrew , Youssef Noha , Elshahed Mostafa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In spite of their indispensable role in host nutrition, the anaerobic gut fungal (AGF) component of the herbivorous gut microbiome remains poorly characterized. To examine global patterns and determinants of AGF diversity, we generated and analyzed an amplicon dataset from 661 fecal samples from 34 animal species, 9 families, and 6 continents. We identified 56 novel genera, greatly expanding AGF diversity beyond current estimates. Both stochastic (homogenizing dispersal and drift) and deterministic (homogenizing selection) processes played an integral role in shaping AGF communities, with a higher level of stochasticity observed in foregut fermenters. Community structure analysis revealed a distinct pattern of phylosymbiosis, where host-associated (animal species, family, and gut type), rather than ecological (domestication status and biogeography) factors predominantly shaped the community. Hindgut fermenters exhibited stronger and more specific fungal-host associations, compared to broader mostly non-host specific associations in foregut fermenters. Transcriptomics-enabled phylogenomic and molecular clock analyses of 52 strains from 14 genera indicated that most genera with preferences for hindgut hosts evolved earlier (44–58 Mya), while those with preferences for foregut hosts evolved more recently (22–32 Mya). This pattern is in agreement with the sole dependence of herbivores on hindgut fermentation past the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) extinction event through the Paleocene and Eocene, and the later rapid evolution of animals employing foregut fermentation strategy during the early Miocene. Only a few AGF genera deviated from this pattern of co-evolutionary phylosymbiosis, by exhibiting preferences suggestive of post-evolutionary environmental filtering. Our results greatly expand the documented scope of AGF diversity and provide an ecologically and evolutionary-grounded model to explain the observed patterns of AGF diversity in extant animal hosts.
Overexpression of GRK2 in vascular smooth muscle leads to inappropriate hypertension and acute heart failure as in Clinical Scenario 1
Authors: Yano Hiroki , Onoue Kenji , Tokinaga Shiho , Ioka Tomoko , Ishihara Satomi , Hashimoto Yukihiro , Nakada Yasuki , Nakagawa Hitoshi , Ueda Tomoya , Seno Ayako , Nishida Taku , Watanabe Makoto , Saito Yoshihiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Clinical scenario 1 (CS1) is acute heart failure (HF) characterized by transient systolic blood pressure (SBP) elevation and pulmonary congestion. Although it is managed by vasodilators, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. The sympathetic nervous system plays a key role in HF, and desensitization of cardiac β-adrenergic receptor (AR) signaling due to G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) upregulation is known. However, vascular β-AR signaling that regulates cardiac afterload remains unelucidated in HF. We hypothesized that upregulation of vascular GRK2 leads to pathological conditions similar to CS1. GRK2 was overexpressed in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) of normal adult male mice by peritoneally injected adeno-associated viral vectors driven by the myosin heavy chain 11 promoter. Upregulation of GRK2 in VSM of GRK2 overexpressing mice augmented the absolute increase in SBP (+ 22.5 ± 4.3 mmHg vs. +36.0 ± 4.0 mmHg, P < 0.01) and lung wet weight (99.4 ± 1.9 mg vs. 116.7 ± 3.7 mg, P < 0.01) by epinephrine as compared to those in control mice. Additionally, the expression of brain natriuretic peptide mRNA was doubled in GRK2 overexpressing mice as compared to that in control mice (P < 0.05). These findings were similar to CS1. GRK2 overexpression in VSM may cause inappropriate hypertension and HF, as in CS1.
The validity of a new procedure-based definition of cancer status in patients with breast-, lung- and colorectal cancer in the Danish National Patient Registry
Authors: Nielsen Sebastian Kinnberg , Nouhravesh Nina , Jensen Mads Hashiba , Jensen Rawia Farah Gedde , Klein Mads Falk , Saghir Zaigham , Nielsen Dorte , Schou Morten , Lamberts Morten 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background/Aim The National Patient Registry (DNPR) provides unique epidemiological insight, but often lacks granular data. We propose a procedure-based definition of cancer status in patients with breast-, lung- and colorectal cancer, which can be applied to administrative health databases. New definitions of cancer status are needed as mortality and morbidity are closely linked to cancer status, yet most studies only use duration since cancer diagnosis as a severity marker. The aim of the study was to validate a new pragmatic definition. Method Medical journals of 600 patients, with breast-, lung- and colorectal cancer from the Department of Oncology at Herlev-Gentofte Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. We defined active cancer as a cancer diagnosis, not followed by a potentially curative procedure within 6 months of the diagnosis. The remaining patients were characterized as having non-active cancer. This dichotomisation was then compared to a cancer status assessment based on treatment received and paraclinical test such as their first post procedural control scan. Based on this comparison, we calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) of our definitions of active and non-active cancer. Results The calculated PPVs for active breast-, lung- and colorectal cancer were 87% (CI 95%: 0.74–0.99), 91% (CI 95%: 0.87–0.96) and 82% (CI 95%: 0.73–0.91). The PPVs for non-active breast-, lung- and colorectal cancer were 95% (CI 95%: 0.92–0.99), 91% (CI 95%: 0.82–0.99) and 73% (CI 95%: 0.66–0.81), respectively. Conclusion We found an overall high PPV for both active and non-active cancer across all three types of cancer.
Staging prostate cancer with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT in the elderly: Focus on the role of pre-imaging biopsy
Authors: Kesler Mikhail , Cohen Dan , Levine Charles , Sarid David , Keizman Daniel , Yossepowitch Ofer , Even-Sapir Einat 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: While PSMA PET-CT has been shown valuable for staging biopsy-proven [B(+)] high-risk prostate cancer (PCa), elderly patients are occasionally referred to PSMA PET-CT without pre-imaging confirming biopsy [B(-)]. The current study evaluates the rate, clinical characteristics, and PET-based stage of B(-) elderly patients, and explores if biopsy status affects therapeutic approach.
Methods: One-hundred consecutive patients ≥80 years that underwent staging 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT were included. For each patient, we documented whether pre-imaging biopsy was performed, his clinical parameters, PET-based staging parameters, and the primary therapy he received.
Results: Thirty-four (34%) of the elderly patients included in the study had no pre-imaging biopsy. Compared with B(+) patients, B(-) patients were older (median age 87 vs. 82, Pv<0.01), with worse performance status (Pv<0.01), and higher PSA levels (median 57 vs. 15.4 ng/ml, Pv<0.01). On 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT, all B(-) patients had avid disease, with trends towards higher rates of bone metastases (47.1% vs. 28.8%) and overall advanced disease (50% vs. 33.3%) compared with B(+) patients. Among patients with localized (n=36) or locally-advanced (n=25) disease, B(-) patients were less commonly referred to definitive therapies than B(+) patients (Pv<0.01). However, higher age, ECOG PS and PSA were other probable factors determining their therapeutic approach. Among 39 patients with advanced disease, 38 received hormonal therapy, irrespectively of their biopsy status. Among B(-) patients with advanced disease who were referred to hormonal therapy, 12/13 patients with follow-up data showed biochemical and/or imaging-based response.
Conclusion: “Real-life” experience with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT indicates that around one-third of the elderly patients are referred to imaging without pre-imaging confirming biopsy. These patients are likely to be older, with worse clinical status, and higher PSA. Advanced disease might be more likely to be identified on their 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT, and if it does, their biopsy status does not preclude them from receiving hormonal therapy.
Predicting diagnostic immune-related gene biomarkers in the development of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: Bioinformatics based approaches
Authors: Hu Yingchun , Chen Xiaoyu , Mei Xiyuan , Luo Zhen , Wu Hongguang , Zhang Hao , Zeng Qingchun , Ren Hao , Xu Dingli 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: Post-myocardial infarction(MI) heart failure (HF) is regarded as a public health concern; however, effective biomarkers for predicting HF are still lacking. This study aimed to identy novel biomarkers for forecasting long-term HFin AMI patients.
Methods: The GSE59867 dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with the criteria of p-value<0.05 and |log2FC|>0.5. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING software,and then Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin and CytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape software were applied to identify potential hub genes. Moreover, immune-related genes (IRGs) were downloaded from ImmPort database. The intersection between hub genes and IRGs was regarded as potential immune-related hub genes. Finally, these genes were further assessed for expression levels and predictive ability of long-term HF.
Results: A total of 200 DEGs were identified between the non-HF and HF groups, including 84 upregulated genes and 116 downregulated genes. Ten hub genes, including IL1B, CD28, CXCL8, IL2RA, KLRC4-KLRK1, CXCR5, CD40LG, FOS, TIMP1, GPR29, were further screened out by STRING, MCODE and CytoHubba. Among them, seven immune-related hub genes were filtered.
Finally, we found that four genes were significantly changed between the HF and non-HF patients and all showed a predictive ability of the long-term HF, including CD28, CXCR5, FOS, IL2RA. In addition, functional enrichment analysis showed immune system process was enriched in the process of HF, including lymphocyte proliferation, T cell proliferation, lymphocyte proflieration, and IL-17 signaling pathway.
Conclusion:We successfully identified four immune-related hub genes that were significantly changed between the HF and non-HF patients and all showed a predictive ability of the long-term HF, which could provide novel insights for the rationale of the development of HF.
Motion Equations Derivation of Flexible-Link Manipulators with Time- Dependent Link’s Length operated in Fluid Medium
Authors: Dehkordi Siavash Fathollahi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the derivation of the motion equations of flexible-links manipulator composed time-dependent link length in the fluid medium, necessitating the inspection of fluid-arms interaction during two simultaneous rigid and elastic motions. The system’s rigid motion consisting of rotational and reciprocating movements of links and the link’s oscillating motion due to their elasticity are both considered. These oscillations, which are posited to be small, are not exclusively a function of the excitations caused by the robot's motors, and the interaction between the manipulator’s links and the fluid medium also affects the links' deformation. Accordingly, the system oscillation, which is a function of the link length stemming from the changes in the rigid modes, becomes dependent on the mechanical features of the surrounding fluid and applied force/moment to the joints based on the fluid-robot interaction type. This interaction can impact the system's elastic and rigid modes. Although the equations are comparable to those developed in previous research that considered a time-varying structure, they include the effects of both the input to joints' motors and the mechanical characteristics of surrounding environment, leading to complex and non-conservative equations. With the aid of recursive Gibbs-Appell formulation, the dynamic equations of the system are calculated based on the defined algorithm and external forces. These equations are evaluated by changing the surrounding fluid's mechanical properties and the links' elasticity and examining the effect of system weight change in MATLAB. The results show that the effects of fluid-manipulator interactions on the links' deformation is greater than the effect of changing link elasticity. Thus, the deformation increases by 100% when the medium’s density changes from 0 to 100 kg/m.
Radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of [11C]SNX-ab as an Hsp90α,β isoform-selective PET probe for in vivo brain and tumour imaging
Authors: Cools Romy , Vermeulen Koen , Narykina Valeria , Leitao Renan C. F. , Bormans Guy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The molecular chaperone, Hsp90, is a key player in the protein quality control system that maintains homeostasis under cellular stress conditions. It is a homodimer with ATP-dependent activity, and is a prominent member of the chaperone machinery that stabilizes, matures and (re)folds an extensive list of client proteins. Hsp90 occurs as four isoforms, cytosolic Hsp90α and Hsp90β, mitochondrial TRAP1 and Grp94 present in the endoplasmic reticulum. An aberrant role of Hsp90 has been attributed to several cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, Hsp90 has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target. However, pan-Hsp90 inhibition often leads to detrimental dose-limiting toxicities. Novel strategies for Hsp90-targeted therapy intend to avoid this by using isoform-specific Hsp90 inhibition. In this respect, the radiosynthesis of carbon-11 labeled SNX-ab was developed and [11C]SNX-ab was evaluated as a Hsp90α,β isoform-selective PET probe, which could potentially allow to quantify in vivo Hsp90α,β expression.
Results
[11C]SNX-ab was synthesized with excellent radiochemical yields of 45% and high radiochemical purity (> 98%). In vitro autoradiography studies on tissue slices of healthy mouse brain, mouse B16.F10 melanoma and U87 glioblastoma using homologous (SNX-ab, SNX-0723) and heterologous (Onalespib and PU-H71) Hsp90 inhibitors demonstrated only limited reduction of tracer binding, indicating that the binding of [11C]SNX-ab was not fully Hsp90-specific. Similarly, [11C]SNX-ab binding to U87 cells was not efficiently inhibited by Hsp90 inhibitors. Ex vivo biodistribution studies in healthy mice revealed limited brain exposure of [11C]SNX-ab and predominantly hepatobiliary clearance, which was confirmed by in vivo full-body dynamic µPET studies.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that [11C]SNX-ab is not an ideal probe for in vivo visualization and quantification of Hsp90α/β expression levels in tumour and brain. Future research in the development of next-generation Hsp90 isoform-selective PET tracers is warranted to dissect the role played by each isoform towards disease pathology and support the development of subtype-specific Hsp90 therapeutics.
Optimization and validation of a high-throughput nanofluidic real-time PCR assay to evaluate nasopharyngeal carriage of 15 bacterial species and 92 Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes
Authors: Downs Sarah L. , Madhi Shabir. A. , Merwe Lara , Nunes Marta. C. , Olwagen Courtney P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Sensitive tools for detecting concurrent colonizing pneumococcal serotypes are needed for detailed evaluation of the direct and indirect impact of routine pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) immunization. Method: A high-throughput quantitative nanofluidic real-time PCR (Fluidigm) reaction-set was developed to detect and quantify 92 pneumococcal serotypes in archived clinical samples. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected in 2009-2011 from South African children ≤5years-old, previously serotyped with standard culture-based methods were used for comparison.
Results: The reaction-set within the Fluidigm® effectively amplified all targets with high efficiency (90-110%), reproducibility (R2≥0.98), and at low limit-of-detection (<102 CFU/ml). A blind analysis of 1973 nasopharyngeal swab samples showed diagnostic sensitivity >80% and specificity >95 compared with the referent standard, culture-based Quellung method. The Fluidigm method was able to serotype pneumococcal types with good discrimination compared with Quellung (ROC-AUC: >0.73).
Conclusion: The high-throughput nanofluidic real-time PCR method simultaneously detects 57 individual serotypes, and 35 serotypes within 16 serogroups in 96 samples (including controls), within a single qPCR run. This method can be used to evaluate the impact of current PCV formulations on vaccine-serotype and non-vaccine-serotype colonization, including detection of multiple concurrently colonizing serotypes.
Interpretation: The Fluidigm method can allow for monitoring of serotype-specific bacterial load, as well as emergence or ongoing transmission of minor or co-colonizing serotypes that may have invasive disease potential.
What caused the cold condition over northeast Asia during April 2020?
Authors: Kim Go-Un , Oh Hyoeun , Kim Yong Sun , Son Jun-Hyeok , Jeong Jin-Yong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Northeast Asia has experienced severe damage to agricultural and marine ecosystems due to the cold condition in April 2020, despite the fourth warmest year in northern Asia on record. Previous studies have indicated that the dipole atmospheric circulation over Siberia and the East Sea (Japan Sea) rendered this cold environment, although the cause of atmospheric circulation affecting the cold condition over northeast Asia remains nebulous. Herein we found that the atmospheric structure was a mixed result of the East Atlantic/Western Russia (EAWR) pattern and blocking. The wave train was originated from the vorticity forcing of northwest/central Russia and propagated from western Europe to the East Sea via the background westerly and northerly winds. Besides, the Siberian blocking days increased ten times in April 2020 than climatology along with the easterly anomaly over Mongolia–northeast China. The blocking occurrence was linked to wavy westerly at the high latitudes. The strong blocking and EAWR pattern led to the robust dipole atmospheric structure with the prevailing northerly flow in April 2020, thereby causing the cold over northeast Asia. Our results provide novel insights into the cause of the cold condition in April over northeast Asia and its impact on the land-ocean ecosystems.
Allometric normalization of handgrip strength in older adults: which body size parameter is the most appropriate?
Authors: Kasović Mario , Sagat Peter , Kalčik Zvonimir , Štefan Lovro , Hubinák Andrej , Krška Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Although absolute handgrip strength has been associated with health-related outcomes in older adults, little evidence has been provided regarding its adjustment by a variety of body size dimensions. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to establish the most appropriate normalization of handgrip strength by different body size parameters in a large sample of noninstitutionalized older adults.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 643 men and women aged > 60, who were part of the rehabilitation center facility program. Handgrip strength was objectively measured using a Jamar Plus* + Digital Hand Dynamometer. Body size parameters included body weight and height, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, fat mass and fat-free mass. The most appropriate parameter associated with handgrip strength was identified using allometry.
Results
Findings showed that the most appropriate body size parameter for handgrip strength normalization was height (allometric exponent: 0.85), compared to fat-free mass (0.26) and body mass (0.12). Other body size variables were not significantly associated with handgrip strength and were omitted from further analyses. The correlations between normalized handgrip strength were significant when handgrip strength was normalized by body mass and fat-free mass, while no significant correlations were found, when handgrip strength was normalized by body height.
Conclusions
Based on the study results, body height seems to be the best body size parameter for handgrip strength normalization in older adults, omitting the influence of body size on strength performance. If handgrip strength is measured, body height may help normalize strength for large-scale research.