bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identity development, attraction, and behaviour of heterosexually identified men who have sex with men: Scoping review protocol
Authors: Eaton Andrew David , Scheadler Travis R. , Bradley Cara , McInroy Lauren B. , Beer Oliver W. J. , Beckwell Erin , Busch Adam , Shuper Paul A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Heterosexually identified men who have sex with men (H-MSM) are distinct from other heterosexual men and from gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men. Specifically, H-MSM experience discordance between their sexual identity (i.e., heterosexual) and behaviours (i.e., sexual encounters with other men). This sexual identity-behaviour discordance can create barriers to obtaining healthcare and social support. Understanding and accepting H-MSM as they self-identify may be necessary to implement effective public health and psychosocial interventions. The aim of the present study is to provide an overview of research on H-MSM.Methods: A scoping review will be conducted to identify and describe the identity development, attraction, and behaviour of H-MSM. This scoping review will also identify and describe current trends related to the recruitment of H-MSM and recommended directions for future research. Searches will be conducted in Academic Search Complete, APA PsychInfo, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Education Research Complete, Gender Studies Database, GenderWatch, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, LGBTQ+ Source, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociological Collection, Social Work Abstracts, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Google, Web of Science, and ResearchGate. Primary research studies published in peer-reviewed journals will be included. Dissertations and theses that include primary research on H-MSM will also be included. Reference lists, experts in the field, preprint servers, and relevant conferences will also be consulted for extant and in-progress literature. Two reviewers will independently pilot the data extraction form and conduct the title and abstract screening, with consultation from a research librarian. Seven reviewers will then conduct the full-text article screening. Thematic content analysis will guide the review; through independent review and reviewer meetings, themes and subthemes will be identified and reported from the extracted literature.Discussion: This is the first known knowledge synthesis on H-MSM; it seeks to better understand sexual identity-behaviour discordance amongst cisgender men. We anticipate that a theoretical framework of H-MSM’s sexuality, internal processes, and behaviours will be constructed from this review. Alongside implications for further research with H-MSM, this review may be relevant to sexually transmitted infection public health, and to clinicians working in the field of male sexuality.Scoping review registration: Submitted to Open Science Framework
The global abundance of short tandem repeats is non-random in rodents and primates
Authors: Arabfard Masoud , Salesi Mahmood , Nourian Yazdan Hassani , Arabipour Iman , Maddi AliMohammad Ali , Kavousi Kaveh , Ohadi Mina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
While of predominant abundance across vertebrate genomes and significant biological implications, the relevance of short tandem repeats (STRs) (also known as microsatellites) to speciation remains largely elusive and attributed to random coincidence for the most part. In a model study, here we collected data on the whole-genome abundance of mono-, di-, and trinucleotide STRs in nine species, encompassing rodents and primates, including rat, mouse, olive baboon, gelada, macaque, gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo, and human. The unnormalized and normalized data were used to analyze hierarchical clustering of the STR abundances in the selected species.
Results
We found massive differential abundances between the rodent and primate orders. In addition, while numerous STRs had random abundance across the nine selected species, the global abundance conformed to three consistent < clusters>, as follows: <rat, mouse>, <gelada, macaque, olive baboon>, <gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo, human>, which coincided with the phylogenetic distances of the selected species (p < 4E-05). Exceptionally, in the trinucleotide STR compartment, human was significantly distant from all other species.
Conclusion
Based on hierarchical clustering, we propose that the global abundance of STRs is non-random in rodents and primates, and probably had a determining impact on the speciation of the two orders. We also propose the STRs and STR lengths which predominantly coincided with the phylogeny of the selected species, exemplified by (t)10, (ct)6, and (taa4). Phylogenetic and experimental platforms are warranted to further examine the observed patterns and the biological mechanisms associated with those STRs.
Wavelength-dependent strain gradient modelling of one-dimensional mass-spring lattices
Authors: Wang Binying , Liu Jinxing , Soh Ai Kah 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
By extending the long-wave assumption generally employed in most continua, we have proposed a strain gradient (SG) continuum model to simulate one-dimensional (1D) mass-spring chains with local/nonlocal interactions. By accounting for the periodicity of wave motion, we establish a wavelength-dependent Taylor expansion formulation of displacement. The present continuum is reduced to the existing Mindlin-type SG counterparts at the long-wave limit and remains accurate in the medium- and short-wave range. Based on the proposed model, the following fundamental topics are analyzed: (1) The selection of unit cell strongly influences the performance of the continuum. The model is found to work at its best when the periodic unit cell is composed of one single complete mass point and all half springs directly linked to it. (2) Nonlocal interactions increase local extremums in the dispersion curve, and we propose an explicit criterion to judge the workable range of the long-wave approximation, which becomes narrower with increasing the nonlocal interaction span. (3) A higher-order SG continuum does NOT necessarily enhance the ability of predicting short-wave dispersion properties unless the Taylor expansion method proposed here is adopted. The fourth-order equation of motion, hereafter called EOM, of the present SG continuum has been found to adequately capture the dispersion relation throughout the first Brillouin zone. This work sheds light on short-wave homogenizations of periodic structured medium such as mechanical metamaterials.
Boltzmann- and non-Boltzmann-based thermometers in the first, second and third biological windows for the SrF2:Yb3+,Ho3+ nanocrystals under 980, 940 and 915 nm excitations
Authors: Wang Linxuan , Li Liang , Yuan Maohui , Yang Zining , Han Kai , Wang Hongyan , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Spectrally determination of temperature based on the lanthanide-doped nanocrystals (NCs) is a vital strategy to noninvasively measure the temperature in practical applications. Here, we synthesized a series of SrF2:Yb3+/Ho3+ NCs and simultaneously observed the efficient visible upconversion luminescence (UCL) and near-infrared (NIR) downconversion luminescence (DCL) under 980, 940 and 915 nm excitations. Subsequently, these NCs were further utilized for thermometers based on the Boltzmann (thermally-coupled levels, TCLs) and non-Boltzmann (non-thermally-coupled levels, NTCLs) of Ho3+ ions in the first (~ 650 nm), second (~ 1012 nm) and third (~ 2020) biological windows (BW-I, BW-II and BW-III) under tri-wavelength excitations. The thermometric parameters including the relative sensitivity (\({S_{\text{r}}}\)) and temperature uncertainty (\(\delta T\)) are quantitatively determined on the I648/I541 (BW-I), I1186/I1012 (BW-II), and I1950/I2020 (BW-III) transitions of Ho3+ ions in the temperature range of 303–573 K. Comparative experimental results demonstrated that the thermometer has superior performances.
Periodontal soft tissue augmentation induced by periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics surgery
Authors: Han Ye , Miao Lili , Yue Zhaoguo , Xv Min , Shu Chang , Xv Li , Hou Jianxia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To quantitatively assess the changes of periodontal soft tissue including gingival thickness and the width of keratinized gingiva after periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) surgery by digital measurements.Methods: This study enrolled 15 maxillaries with 89 anterior teeth and 16 mandibles with 94 anterior teeth from Chinese adult patients with skeletal Angle Class III malocclusion for whom the PAOO surgery was proposed during orthodontic treatment. Intraoral scanning and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations were performed before PAOO surgery and 6-month after the surgery. The width of keratinized gingiva was measured on the digital model acquired by intraoral scanning. The gingival thickness was measured by a digital three-dimension model based on the combination of digital intraoral scanning and CBCT data.Results: The average gingiva thickness before surgery was 0.91 ± 0.32 mm and 1.21 ± 0.38 mm at 6-month after PAOO. Patients showed periodontal soft tissue augmentation with an average gingival thickness gain of 0.30 ± 0.33 mm. At 1mm, 2mm and 3mm apical to CEJ levels, the gingival thickness increase of mandible was higher than maxilla (0.38 ± 0.30 mm vs. 0.24 ± 0.31 mm, 0.43 ± 0.35 mm vs. 0.26 ± 0.41 mm, 0.36 ± 0.27 vs. 0.25 ± 0.32 mm, respectively, P<0.05). Meanwhile, the sites of gingival thickness ≤ 1mm before surgery showed more thickness gain than the sites > 1mm (0.36 ± 0.32 mm vs. 0.18 ± 0.31 mm, P < 0.001). The average width of keratinized gingiva at T0 was 3.88 ±1.22 mm, and increased 1.05 ±1.24 mm 6-month after PAOO surgery. Meanwhile, a digital three-dimension model for gingival thickness measurement based on the combination of digital intraoral scanning and CBCT showed high reliability and accuracy with intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.897.Conclusion: PAOO could improve insufficient periodontal soft and hard tissues in patients with skeletal Angle Class III malocclusion, including the gingival thickness and keratinized gingiva width. The digital three-dimension model based on the combination of digital intraoral scanning and CBCT data could provide a new digital measurement of gingiva thickness with high accuracy and reliability.
Chemical genetics unveils WTA/PBP2a-PBP2/VraRS as a regulatory axis for virulence gene expression in CA-MRSA
Authors: Lu Yunfu , Zhao Qingmin , Cao Qiao , Chen Feifei , Chen Rongrong , wang Yanhui , Huang Haixin , Huang Ruimin , Liu Qian , Bae Taeok , Li Min , Lan Lefu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) and Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) are key virulence determinants for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). Here, using chemical and genetic approaches, we show that inhibition of TarO, the first enzyme in the wall teichoic acid (WTA) biosynthetic pathway, decreases the expression of genes encoding PSMs and SpA in the prototypical CA-MRSA strain USA300 LAC. Mechanistically, these effects are linked to the activation of VraRS two-component system that directly represses the expression of accessory gene regulator (agr) locus and spa. The activation of VraRS was due, at least in part, to the loss of the functional integrity of penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) in a PBP2a-dependent manner. We provide multiple lines of evidence that the accumulation of lipid-linked peptidoglycan precursors is a trigger for the activation of VraRS. In sum, our data reveal an unprecedented and important role for WTA biosynthesis in the regulation of virulence gene expression in CA-MRSA, underlining that acquisition of PBP2a-encoding mecA gene can impart an additional regulatory layer for the modulation of key signaling pathways (e.g., VraRS and agr) in S. aureus.
Fear, Anger, and Hope: Adversity, Emotion, and Resilience among Syrian Refugees in the Netherlands
Authors: Fadhlia Tengku Nila , Sauter Disa A. , Doosje Bertjan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Syrian refugees comprise the vast majority of refugees in the Netherlands. Although some research has been carried out on factors promoting refugee resilience, there have been few empirical studies on the resilience of Syrian refugees. Method: We used a qualitative method to develop an understanding of adversity, emotion, and the factors contributing to resilience in Syrian refugees. We interviewed eighteen adult Syrian refugees residing in the Netherlands and used thematic analysis to identify the themes. Results: We identified themes and organized them into three main parts describing the challenges (pre and post-resettlement), key emotions pertaining to those experiences, and resilience factors. We found six primary protective factors internally and externally promoting participants' resilience: future orientation, coping strategies, social support, opportunities, religiosity, and cultural identity. In addition, positive emotions constituted a key feature of refugees’ resilience. Conclusion: The results highlight the challenges and emotions in each stage of the Syrian refugees’ journey and the multitude of factors affecting their resilience. Our findings on religiosity and maintaining cultural identity suggest that resilience can be enhanced on a cultural level. So it is worth noting these aspects when designing prevention or intervention programs for Syrian refugees.
Bi-Global Stability Analysis of Hypersonic Streamwise Corner Flows
Authors: Xu Dongxiao , Xi Youcheng , Chen Xianliang , Ren Jie , Lu Enwei , Fu Song 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The stability of hypersonic flows along a streamwise corner is studied here with bi-global stability theory for freestream Mach numbers 4.5 and 6.0. The steady laminar base flows are obtained by solving the corresponding self-similar solution for the corner plane and are in good agreement with direct numerical simulation. The base flow exhibits a pronounced low-speed region at the corner due to a secondary flow toward the corner causing an outflow along the corner bisector. The strength of the secondary flow increases with Mach number showing significant difference from the incompressible case. Two series of instability modes, corresponding to the slow and fast acoustic waves, are obtained in the Reynolds number-wavenumber stability diagram. In particular, the slow modes have higher frequencies and are of the second Mack modes stretched in the spanwise direction similar to the flat-plate boundary layer case. The leading slow mode has the most considerable growth rate, thus dominating the instability away from the corner. The fast instability mode F-I-even discovered in this work is an unique feature to the streamwise corner flow. This mode dominates the instability of the corner flow with increasing Mach-number effect.
Gender-Related Differences in the association of serum levels of vitamin D with body mass index in northern Iranian population: The PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS)
Authors: Joukar Farahnaz , Asgharnezhad Mehrnaz , Naghipour Mohammadreza , Mojtahedi Kourosh , Salari Arsalan , Mansour-Ghanaei Alireza , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Vitamin D insufficiency has now become a global problem throughout the world. The association between increasing body mass index (BMI) and vitamin D insufficiency has attracted great attention in recent researches. The aim was to study if BMI was independently associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a large population-based study, specify by gender.Methods: Data on 9520 adults 35 years and older participating in PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS) were used. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D less than 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L) was used as a measure of vitamin D inadequacy. Multiple logistic and linear regression analyses were used to estimate the strength of the association between vitamin D and BMI before and after adjusting for demographic factors and lifestyle variables. Results: After adjustment in male population, overweight (adjusted OR= 1.2, P = 0.03) and obese (adjusted OR= 1.4, P = 0.001) individuals were more likely to have vitamin D inadequacy than normal weight counterparts. Moreover, there was a weak inverse linear association between BMI and serum 25 OHD levels in males (β = -0.14, P value= 0.001). In contrast, no significant associations between BMI and serum 25 OHD levels were observed in females. In male population, higher BMI were associated with lower serum vitamin 25 (OH) D levels.Conclusions: However, this association was not observed in female population. The suggestion of current study for public health was special consideration to serum vitamin D levels in over weight and obese males.
Flicker elimination in grids with distributed generation using group predictive voltage and frequency regulators
Authors: Bulatov Yu. N. 
Published: July 2022

In this work, we determine the control efficiency of grids with distributed generation and the possibility of eliminating flicker therein using group predictive voltage and frequency regulators. A small-size thermal power plant with the transformer connection to a power grid and consisting of three turbogenerators with a capacity of 2.5 MV·A each and a voltage of 6 kV was considered as a distributed generation plant. An isolated power supply system with three 2.5 MV·A gas turbine units each operating on static and motor loads was also considered. Automation control methods were used. Studies were conducted in the MatLab environment using the Simulink and SimPowerSystems simulation packages. The obtained results demonstrate that, upon temporarily activating the power load in the point of connecting a distributed generation unit and using inconsistent regulators, fluctuations occurring in the rotor speed and turbogenerator voltage indicate the presence of flicker effects. A similar situation can be caused by a sudden change in the forecast time for individual predictive speed controllers. Following the disconnection of a 0.4 s short circuit, a voltage flicker was found to occur in the vicinity of the gas turbine plant. However, local or group predictive regulators allow the problem of flicker emergence to be solved. The use of group predictive regulators allows flicker to be eliminated more effectively: the transient time is reduced by 1.7 and 2.7 times for the generator rotor speed and voltage, respectively. Moreover, for voltage, over-regulation is practically eliminated. The conducted computer simulation confirmed that flicker can be eliminated by applying group control of turbine generators using predictive speed controllers. Similarly, for a grid with gas turbine units, the use of predictive control algorithms made it possible to eliminate flicker without solving the problem of adjusting regulators. At the same time, group predictive regulators eliminate flicker more effectively, thereby improving the quality indicators of the control process.
Nonpharmacological treatment of cognitive impairment: cognitive training guidelines
Authors: Kindarova A. A. , Fantalis D. , Preobrazhenskaya I. S. 
Published: July 2022

Important aspects of the treatment of cognitive impairments are their early detection, prevention and timely prescription of drug therapy. The method of non-drug prevention and, at the same time, the treatment of cognitive impairment is cognitive training. There are cognitive training, cognitive stimulation and cognitive rehabilitation. The content of cognitive training should be determined by the type and severity of the patient’s cognitive impairment; effectiveness depends, among other things, on the duration of the sessions and on the commitment of patients to cognitive training. At the Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery of Sechenov University, guidelines have been developed that allow cognitive training for patients with mild and moderate cognitive impairments. The effectiveness of methodological recommendations has been confirmed by studies; they were introduced into the work of the neurological and neurosurgical departments of the clinic of nervous diseases of the Sechenov University. Taking into account the development of modern technologies, it seems interesting and important to create methods of cognitive training that will allow the patient to study using a smartphone, tablet or computer, and the doctor to remotely monitor the well-being and track the results of the patient’s therapy. In the fall of 2022, the Health Formula program will be launched on the basis of the My Health app, designed specifically to support patients with cognitive impairments. Health Formula is an online service for remote communication between a doctor and a patient, the purpose of which is to increase patient compliance and the effectiveness of the treatment itself. The application will contain a set of cognitive exercises to complement the prescribed drug therapy. At the initial stage, the course will be a balanced selection of video exercises, which will later be included in the global interactive program for patients with CI.
Colchicine for the treatment of COVID-19: short path from theory to practice
Authors: Eliseev M. S. , Zheliabina O. V. 
Published: July 2022

Colchicine is an alkaloid isolated from plants of the Colchicum genus. Colchicine has been used for thousands of years and remains one of the few drugs whose use remains relevant today. The therapeutic use of colchicine is widely known for gout, familial Mediterranean fever, Behcet’s disease, cardiovascular diseases (pericarditis, coronary heart disease, pericarditis, after coronary artery bypass grafting, etc.) and other diseases and is due to anti-inflammatory effects, which are based, including , inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin (IL)-1β production. The mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of colchicine are diverse. It is primarily an inhibitor of mitosis and microtubule assembly. Colchicine destroys the structure of microtubules and reduces the elasticity and relaxation of neutrophils, thereby preventing the extravasation of neutrophils from blood vessels to the site of inflammation. Systemic inflammation is also a hallmark of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which develops immunological disorders accompanied by the production of a large number of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has become the most urgent medical problem in the world in the last 2 years, given the mechanisms of inflammation similar to rheumatic diseases, is also considered a disease with the potential effectiveness of colchicine treatment. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines also have a trigger factor for the development of an exacerbation of arthritis. On average, colchicine use was associated with a 47% reduction in post-vaccination arthritis. This article provides an update on the mechanisms of action and current experience with colchicine in COVID-19, including in patients with microcrystalline arthritis.