bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and localization of traumatic cervical intervertebral disc rupture
Authors: Liu Jia-Ming , Liao Wei-Jie , Sun Bo-Lin , Wu Jia-Bao , Zhang Ning , Zhou Rong-Ping , Huang Shan-Hu , Liu Zhi-Li 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Study design:
A retrospective study.
Objective
Traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (TSCI) is often associated with disc rupture. It was reported that high signal of disc and anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) rupture on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were the typical signs of ruptured disc. However, for TSCI with no fracture or dislocation, there is still difficult to diagnose disc rupture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic efficiency and localization method of different MRI features for cervical disc rupture in patient with TSCI but no any signs of fracture or dislocation.
Setting:
Affiliated hospital of University in Nanchang, China.
Methods
Patients who had TSCI and underwent anterior cervical surgery between June 2016 and December 2021 in our hospital were included. All patients received X-ray, CT scan, and MRI examinations before surgery. MRI findings such as prevertebral hematoma, high-signal SCI, high-signal posterior ligamentous complex (PLC), were recorded. The correlation between preoperative MRI features and intraoperative findings was analyzed. Also, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of these MRI features in diagnosing the disc rupture were calculated.
Results
A total of 140 consecutive patients, 120 males and 20 females with an average age of 53 years were included in this study. Of these patients, 98 (134 cervical discs segments) were intraoperatively confirmed with cervical disc rupture, but 59.1% (58 patients) of them had no definite evidence of an injured disc on preoperative MRI (high-signal disc or ALL rupture signal). For these patients, the high-signal PLC on preoperative MRI had the highest diagnostic rate for disc rupture based on intraoperative findings, with a sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 72%, PPV of 84% and NPV of 93%. Combined high-signal SCI with high-signal PLC had higher specificity (97%) and PPV (98%), and a lower FPR (3%) and FNR (9%) for the diagnosis of disc rupture. And combination of three MRI features (prevertebral hematoma, high-signal SCI and PLC) had the highest accuracy in diagnosing traumatic disc rupture. For the localization of the ruptured disc, the level of the high-signal SCI had the highest consistency with the segment of the ruptured disc.
Conclusion
MRI features, such as prevertebral hematoma, high-signal SCI and PLC, demonstrated high sensitivities for diagnosing cervical disc rupture. High-signal SCI on preoperative MRI could be used to locate the segment of ruptured disc.
Modelling intercrops functioning to advance the design of innovative agroecological systems
Authors: Vezy Rémi , Munz Sebastian , Gaudio Noémie , Launay Marie , Lecharpentier Patrice , Ripoche Dominique , Justes Eric 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The growing demand for sustainable agriculture is raising interest in intercropping for its multiple potential benefits. Predicting the existence and magnitude of those benefits remains a challenge given the numerous interactions between the plants, their environment and the agricultural practices. Crop models are crucial to understand and predict such interactions, yet few are able to simulate bi-specific intercrops correctly, mainly because they contradict assumptions used to simulate sole crops.In this study, we propose simple and generic formalisms for key interactions in intercropping systems that can be readily included into existing dynamic crop models. We provide an implementation into the STICS soil-crop model with an independent evaluation of the consistency and genericity of the combined formalisms under a wide range of conditions. Simulations were close to observations for all situations (nRMSE = 25% for max. LAI, 22% for shoot biomass at harvest, and 17% for yield), which showed the consistency and accuracy of the proposed formalisms despite their relative simplicity.
Seepage failure prediction of breakwater using an unresolved ISPH-DEM coupling method incoprporated with Terzaghi's critical hydraulic gradient
Authors: Tsuji Kumpei , Asai Mitsuteru , Kasama Kiyonobu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study develops a new numerical simulation model for rubble mound failure prediction caused by piping destruction under seepage flows. The piping has been pointed out as a significant cause of breakwater failure during tsunamis. Once boiling and heaving occur on the mound surface, the piping suddenly propagates in the opposite direction of seepage flow. For the seepage failure prediction, a coupled fluid-soil-structure simulator is developed by combining the ISPH for fluid and the DEM for rubble mounds and caisson blocks. The ISPH, a Lagrangian particle method for incompressible fluids, can simulate seepage and violent flows such as tsunamis. The DEM has been applied for discrete particle and rigid body simulations that include discontinuous deformation as in the rubble mounds failure and large displacement of the caisson block. ISPH-DEM coupling simulations have already been proposed as a technique for multi-phase flows. Still, the technique cannot reproduce the sudden onset of piping from a stable mound. Two simple assumptions are applied to reduce the numerical cost for the fluid-soil-structure simulators of a breakwater structure composed of rubble mound and the caisson block. Firstly, each rubble is modeled as an idealized spherical DEM particle with the mean diameter of rubble. The ISPH particle size is assumed to be the same size as the DEM particle. Under these assumptions, the unresolved coupling model between rubble mound particle and fluid, which obtains the interaction through empirical drag force, should be applied. Whereas the interaction between the fluid and the caisson block is fully resolved with the spatial resolution with the ISPH and DEM particle size. Our new contribution in this paper is how to model the interaction as an unresolved coupling between seepage flow simulated by ISPH and rubble mound particle modeled with DEM. Our original seepage failure experiment is simulated using the proposed ISPH-DEM coupling simulator. We recognized the conventional drag force models as the unresolved coupling model are insufficient to initiate the boiling and piping observed in the experiment. It may be due in one part to excessive averaging of flow velocities caused under unresolved coupling. Therefore, Terzaghi's critical hydraulic gradient is introduced to initiate the boiling and heaving. Unstable DEM particles, judged by Terzaghi's critical hydraulic gradient, gradually lose their mass to represent unresolved suspended fine rubble mound particles. Our models qualitatively reproduce the sand boiling and backward erosion in the opposite direction of the seepage flow, as shown in the experiment.
Galectin-1 upregulates IDO1 and PD-L1 and induces a tolerogenic tumor-associated macrophage phenotype
Authors: Rudjord-Levann Asha , Ye Zilu , Hafkenscheid Lise , Horn Sabrina , Wiegertjes Renske , Nielsen Mathias , Mathiesen Caroline , Stoop Jesse , Stowell Sean , Straten Per , lefler hakon , Vakhrushev Sergey , Dabelsteen Sally , Olsen Jesper , Wandall Hans 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Galectins are a group of carbohydrate-binding proteins with a presumed immunomodulatory role and an elusive function on antigen-presenting cells. Here we used an in-depth and dynamic proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of human macrophages stimulated with galectin-1 and show that galectin-1 induces a tolerogenic macrophage phenotype with increased expression of key immune checkpoint protein programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1/CD274) and immunomodulator indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1). Galectin-1 induced IDO1 and its active metabolite kynurenine in a dose-dependent manner dependent on JAK/STAT signaling. Analyzing the expression of galectin-1 showed that galectin-1 is upregulated across multiple tumors and in a 3D organotypic model system equipped with genetically engineered tumorigenic epithelial cells we find that the tumor-associated galectin-1 is derived from both epithelial and stromal cells. Our results highlight the potential of targeting galectin-1 in immunotherapeutic treatment of human cancers.
Galactic Swarm-based Harris Hawks Optimization for Handling the Upstream/Downstream Configuration in PON-SDN-DSVM Systems: A Deep Learning Concept
Authors: P MALINI , R kavitha K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Owing to the strategic benefits, recent broadband ONs have attracted the interest of academics and business (cost-efficiency, flexibility, vast bandwidth, and mobility). Simultaneously, the rise of SDN allows for effective dynamic reconfiguration of fundamental network elements via SDN controllers. As a result, efficient traffic-aware strategies for automatically identifying appropriate specifications to improve network performance are possible. In order to do this, a new deep learning technique for an SDN-defined hybrid PON is suggested. A PON-SDN-DSVM makes up the proposed design. The introduced hybrid deep learning model called DSVM is formed by combining the DNN and SVM and it is optimized by the integration of two well performing algorithms such as GSO and HHO in order to produce the hybrid meta heuristic algorithm called as GS-HHO with the consideration of accuracy maximization. The suggested technique obtains traffic-aware knowledge from SDN controllers and adjusts the communication's upstream-downstream configuration. On the basis of the traffic dynamics of the complete hybrid network, this traffic-aware method can determine the best configuration. Real-world traffic traces are used to test the proposed method in a realistic context. The suggested technique, according to the attained numerical findings, provides considerable increases in network performance with respect to accuracy, precision, f1 score, recall, comparison, and confusion matrix analysis.
Knowledge of new interns regarding urethral catheterization and the effect of a simulation-based boot camp
Authors: Kanbar Anthony , Khoury Joey El , Halabi Rami , Assaf Serge , Mina Anthony , Kassis Antoine , Saad Rodrigue , Abdessater Maher , Dabal Charbel , Hachem Charbel El , Khoury Raghid El 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of new interns regarding urethral catheterization (UC), and to assess the effectiveness of our institutional boot camp in improving their knowledge score and confidence level (CL). Methods: The urology boot camp is a one-day curriculum conducted yearly for new interns at our university hospital to teach UC. The workshop has three modules: interactive PowerPoint presentation, skill demonstration by videos, and simulation on male and female dummies. Before the workshop, the trainee’s knowledge and confidence levels regarding UC are analyzed by a pre-training survey. At the end of the session, each trainee undergoes an examination based on a skill assessment sheet with a final knowledge score.Results: For the 2020-2021 academic year, 40 new medical interns participated in the urology boot camp. Only 15% felt prepared correctly. The majority didn’t know the difference between catheter types and sizes (92%), the best patient position (62%), how to correctly expose the urethral meatus, and the importance of the solution used to inflate the balloon (100%). The pre and post-training assessments showed an increase in the knowledge score from a mean of 7.7 ± 1.24 to 12.2 ± 1.11, and in the CL from a mean of 3.32 ± 0.94 to 4.32 ± 0.62. All the improvements showed a statistical significance (p<0.001)Conclusions: Junior doctors have insufficient knowledge regarding UC. The urology boot camp conducted at our institution increases the knowledge score and CL regarding UC.
Enzyme-Catalyzed Synthesis of Selenium-Doped Manganese Phosphate for Synergistic Therapy of Drug-Resisted Colorectal Tumor
Authors: pei Manman , Liu Kaiyuan , Qu Xiao , Wang Kairuo , Chen Qian , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Xinyue , Wang Zheng , Li Xinyao , Chen Feng , Qin Huanlong , Zhang Yang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Postoperative chemotherapy for colorectal cancer often causes multidrug resistance (MDR), which seriously affects the therapeutic effect and has been an urgent problem to be solved. Herein, selenium-doped manganese phosphate (Se-MnP) nanoparticles with amorphous structure have been prepared by a bioinspired enzyme-catalyzed strategy, using alkaline phosphatase, fructose disodium diphosphate. Se-MnP have an organic-inorganic hybrid composition, which is assembled from smaller-scale nanoclusters. Se-MnP has showed good Fenton reaction activity in chemodynamic therapy (CDT) due to the presence of manganese ions. Moreover, results from in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that Se-MnP as an effective drug carrier of oxaliplatin (OX) can reverse multidrug resistance of colorectal cancer cells and simultaneously induce casparase-mediated apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. The Se-MnP reverse the MDR of colorectal cancer by down-regulating the expression of MDR-related ABC (ATP binding cassette) transporters proteins (ABCB1 and ABCC1). Finally, the in vivo studies demonstrated that OX-loaded Se-MnP can significantly inhibit OX-resistant HCT116 (HCT116/DR) tumor growth in nude mice. Considering the facile method of preparation and biomimetic chemical properties, the Se-MnP with the multiple functions will be a promising candidate for treating colorectal tumors with MDR characteristics.
Genomics of viruses infecting green and purple sulfur bacteria in two euxinic lakes
Authors: Hesketh-Best Poppy , Bosco-Santos Alice , Garcia Sofia , O'Beirne Molly , Werne Josef , Gilhooly William , Silveira Cynthia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Viral infections of marine bacteria modulate primary production rates and the cycling of organic and inorganic matter in the world's oceans. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that viral infections influence the ecology of purple and green sulfur bacteria (PSB and GSB) in anoxic and sulfidic (euxinic) lakes, modern analogs of early Earth oceans. Over 200 high and medium quality viral contigs were identified in long-read metagenomes from the sediments and water column of Lime Blue and Poison Lake, respectively. We compared these sequences with 94 predicted prophages identified in the complete genomes of PSB (n = 213) and GSB (n = 33). Viral genomes carrying psbA, encoding the small subunit of photosystem II protein, were present in all datasets. The ubiquity of these genes suggests PSB and GSB viruses interfere with the light reactions of sulfur-oxidizing autotrophs. Viruses predicted to infect PSB and GSB encoded auxiliary metabolic genes for reductive sulfur assimilation as cysteine, a pathway not yet described in these sulfur bacteria, as well as genes involved in pigment production (crtF) and carbon fixation (CP12, zwf, PGD). These observations highlight the potential for viral modulation of metabolic markers used as proxies to interpret biogeochemical processes in early Earth oceans.
ZNF165 as a potential novel immunotherapeutic target for gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Fan , Shao Kangmei , He Puyi , Xiang Lin , Wu Wenzhang , Zhang Peng , Maswikiti Ewetse Paul , Wei Yucai , Wang Furong , Tang Futian , Zhu Duojie , Li Yumin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are an extensive gene family with a unique expression pattern restricted to testis tissues, but aberrantly high expressed in a variety of cancer tissues. In view of this, CTAs are typically considered as efficient biomarkers and targets of immunotherapy. However, limited information is available regarding CTAs as immunotherapeutic targets for gastric cancer (GC) patients. Herein, we evaluated the expression levels of CTAs in both Eastern and Western GC patients and elucidate the expression pattern and functions of a novel CTAs. Method: Four independent GC and two human normal tissues retrospective cohorts were applied to detect expression patterns and clinical characteristics of CTAs. We identified the association between ZNF165 expression and tumor-infiltrated immune cells by using ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT algorithm and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Functional enrichment analysis of ZNF165 were identified by using transcriptome sequencing. ZNF165 overexpression and knockdown in vitro and in vivo were used to assess the roles of ZNF165 in the cell cycle pathway. Results: ZNF165 expression significantly increased in GC tissues, especially in the intestinal type, MSI type, epithelial phenotype, and was associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival for GC patients who received fluorouracil-based chemoradiation and radical gastrectomy. Little or no expression of ZNF165 was observed in human normal tissues, except for testis and placenta. Furthermore, ZNF165 was positively associated with pro-inflammatory tumor-infiltrating immune cells and tumor mutational burden (TMB). Enrichment analysis, in vivo and in vitro assays showed that ZNF165 could promote GC cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle. Conclusions: By demonstrating the expression pattern, clinical features, prognostic values and cellular functions of ZNF165 in GC, this study suggests that ZNF165 could serve as a potential novel immunotherapeutic target for GC patients.
Synthesis of Multi-band Reflective Polarizing Metasurfaces Using a Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Naseri Parinaz , Goussetis George , Fonseca Nelson , Hum Sean 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Electromagnetic linear-to-circular polarization converters with wide- and multi-band capabilities can simplify antenna systems where circular polarization is required. Multi-band solutions are attractive in satellite communication systems, which commonly have the additional requirement that the sense of polarization is reversed between adjacent bands. However, the design of these structures using conventional ad hoc methods relies heavily on empirical methods. Here, we employ a data-driven approach integrated with a generative adversarial network to explore the design space of the polarizer meta-atom thoroughly. Dual-band and triple-band reflective polarizers with stable performance over incident angles up to and including 30◦, corresponding to typical reflector antenna system requirements, are synthesized using the proposed method. The feasibility and performance of the designed polarizer is validated through measurements of a fabricated prototype.
Conversion ratios for opioid switching: a pragmatic study
Authors: Mercadante Sebastiano , Adile Claudio , Ferrera Patrizia , Grassi Yasmine , Cascio Alessio Lo , Casuccio Alessandra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The final conversion ratios among opioids used for successful switching are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the initial and final conversion ratios used for a successful opioid switching in cancer patients, and eventual associated factors.Methods: Ninety-five patients who were successfully switched were evaluated. The following data were collected: age, gender, Karnofsky performance score, primary cancer, cognitive function, the presence of neuropathic, and incident pain. Opioids, route of administration, and their doses expressed in oral morphine equivalents used before OS, were recorded as well as opioids use for starting opioid switching, and at time of stabilization. Physical and psychological symptoms were routinely evaluated by Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale.Results: No statistical changes were observed between the initial conversion ratios and those achieved at time of stabilization for all the sequences of opioid switching. When considering patients switched to methadone, there was no association between factors taken into considerations.Conclusion: Opioid switching is a highly effective and safe technique, improving analgesia and reducing the opioid-related symptom burden. The final conversion ratios were not different from those used for starting opioid switching. Patients receiving higher doses of opioids should be carefully monitored for individual and unexpected responses in an experienced palliative care unit, particularly those switched to methadone. Future studies should provide data regarding the profile of patients with difficult pain to be hospitalized.
Hypertension and associated factors in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral treatment in Burundi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Harimenshi Déo , Niyongabo Théodore , Preux Pierre-Marie , Aboyans Victor , Desormais Ileana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Nowadays, the life expectancy of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and people in general population, are comparable. Hypertension is a major public health issue in Africa, largely underdiagnosed. In addition, higher rates of hypertension are reported in HIV-infected persons, especially when under anti-retroviral therapy (ART). The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in Burundi, treated by ART.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected subjects older than age of 20, managed in 5 healthcare centers of people living with HIV (PLWH). The questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of the World Health Organization STEPWISE survey were used. Blood pressure was measured according to the ESC 2018 recommendations. Results: 1250 HIV-infected patients were included (18.4% men), mean age 42.8±7.4 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 17.4% (95% CI: 13.2-22.1). Almost 47.25 % of HIV patients with hypertension were previously undiagnosed. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with HTN were overweight (OR: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.46-5.62) and obesity (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.27-5.55), longer duration of HIV infection: ≥ 10 years (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.14-3.20), diabetes (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.37-3. 32) and age (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.09-1.14).ConclusionsDespite their young age, almost 20% of patients with ART-treated HIV had hypertension, among whom 50% were undiagnosed. Blood pressure monitoring is of major importance among these patients, especially among those identified at high-risk, with prompt life- and disability-saving interventions.
Experimental investigation on the influence of swirl ratio on tornado-like flow fields by varying updraft radius and inflow angle
Authors: Zhang Yumeng , Wang Yanlei , Lv Pengfei , Wang Bo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The swirl ratio is recognized as the most critical parameter for determining the tornado-like vortex. Many laboratory simulators have studied the effect of swirl ratio by changing the angle of entry flow, but there is a lack of research on the updraft radius. Therefore, a laboratory tornado simulator was designed, constructed and tested to generate tornado-like vortices. Different from the existing tornado simulator, this simulator allows to change the updraft radius. And, the effects of various swirl ratio caused by the updraft radius and the angle of entry flow on the tornado-like vortices were investigated, in terms of the dual-celled vortex transformation and vortex wandering. It was found the effects of the updraft radius and the angle of turning vanes on the tornado-like vortices are quite different, and the formation of dual-celled vortex are more sensitive to the updraft radius, because a larger angular momentum and axial pressure gradient can be provided. In addition, increasing the updraft radius has a greater inhibitory effect on the vortex wandering phenomenon compared to the angle of the turning vanes due to the flow fluctuations induced by turbulence.