bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK PALA DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN STREPTOCOCCUS VIDIRANS
Authors: Anastasia Danica , Nasution Mariatun Zahro , Yulianti Rinda 
Published: August 2022

Background: Antibacterial is a substance that can disturb bacteria growth activity or eliminate it. Nutmeg is one of the natural substances that have antibacterial activity, such as essential oil, saponin, and alkaloid.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of nutmeg extract in inhibiting Streptococcus viridans growth.
Methods: This is a quasi-experimental with posttest only control group design. Distilled water was used as the negative control group; chlorhexidine gluconate 2% was used as the positive control group; the treatment group used nutmeg extract with concentrations of 16%, 12%, 8%, and 4%, respectively. Antibacterial activity testing using agar diffusion (Kirby-Baurer Discs) with Shapiro-Wilk test data analysis, Levene-Test, one-way ANOVA test, and Post-Hoc Test.
Result: The result showed that nutmeg extract has an antibacterial effect on the Streptococcus viridans with the most inhibitory zone, at 16% concentration (8,34 mm), while in the positive control the inhibition zone was (17.26 mm).
Conclusion: This study concluded that nutmeg extract at a concentration of 16%, 12%, 8%, and 4% have an antibacterial effect in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus viridans, but is not as effective as chlorhexidine gluconate 2%.
Combining interviews and drawings: methodological considerations
Authors: VIROLE Louise , Elise RICADAT  
Published: August 2022

Framework: In qualitative research, drawing on a blank sheet of paper during the interview is one of the tools in the researcher’s toolbox. This technique is increasingly used in social sciences, but is still rarely included in research on social support for the chronically ill. Goals and Methods: The objective of this paper is to analyze the advantages of an innovative research method that uses both drawings and semi-structured interviews to study support networks of chronically ill patients. This method was used to conduct a qualitative research on changes in chronically ill support networks in France during the lockdown period (March-May 2020). The study triangulates three types of sources: 1. From chronically ill patients' oral accounts of their experience of lockdown, collected during 32 semi-directive interviews; 2. From the chronically ill patients’ drawings of support networks they were asked to make by the end of the interviews; 3. From their oral description of the drawn elements. Results: The drawing technique has several advantages: i. the playful nature of the drawing facilitates the degree of adhesion and interest in the investigation process, ii. it leads to greater reflexivity on the part of the respondents, iii. triangulation of the data from the narratives and the network drawings brings to light some unexpected results: it highlighted which types of support are valued or invisibilized and revealed the important support role of non-humans during lockdown. Conclusions: The complementary use of drawings and narratives allows a more detailed and complex qualitative analysis. However, this method requires investigators to take special precautions before, during and after the field work.
Ritual Wong-wongan Sebagai Upaya Masyarakat Bali dalam menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 (Analisis Teori Simbol dalam Pendekatan Antropologi)
Authors: Rafiliah Datin 
Published: August 2022

Amidst the pandemic, the Indonesian government has issued some regulations to reduce the transmission of Covid-19. At the same time, there are rituals from various regions that are believed to be a method to ward off threats, calamities, or diseases. In this study, the author examines a ritual known as Wong-wongan, which is performed by the Balinese to deal with the pandemic. The researcher conducted a qualitative study, which is library research with books and other literature as the primary object. The result of this discussion is that it is called wong-wongan rice because this ritual provides offerings that are placed in the yard of the house's entry in a cooked form, specifically rice in the shape of wong-wongan (people). This offering also includes a variety of additional ingredients, including onions, ginger, salt, and prickly pandan leaves, which are some of the symbols of weapons used to ward off evil. Everything is arranged on the tip of a banana leaf sheet. With tools or materials, as well as other symbols that reflect certain characteristics in this ceremony, it provides an understanding in the Anthropological approach, specifically on the symbol theory provided by various anthropologists such as Raymond Firth, Geertz, and others. According to Geertz, the analysis of rituals, traditions, and ceremonies in any form carried out by the Balinese people, or those outsides of them, is not just a set of values whose place is outside of humans, but also a system of knowledge and a system of symbols that permits meaning to exist. A symbol can transform knowledge into value and value into knowledge.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT AKTIVITAS SEHARI HARI DENGAN RESIKO JATUH PADA LANSIA DI DESA TULUNG REJO KECAMATAN TRUCUK KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO
Authors: Mufidah Ainul , Kristian Julianto Errix , Afiana Hari Adha Eris 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRAK
Lansia merupakan kelompok usia pada manusia yang telah memasuki tahap akhir. Lansia dimulai dari usia 60 tahun, permasalahan kesehatan lansia dapat mengakibatkan penurunan fungsi tubuh lansia. Masalah sistem muskuloskeletal pada lansia dapat mengalami perubahan seperti pada gangguan berjalan, gangguan keseimbangan, kaki cenderung mudah goyah, dan respon yang lambat memudahkan terjadinya jatuh. Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan tingkat aktivitas sehari-hari dengan resiko jatuh pada lansia yang dilakukan di Desa Tulung Rejo Kecamatan Trucuk Kabupaten Bojonegoro.
Desain penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan corss sectional. Populasi dalam penelitiant adalah lansia yang berusia >60 tahun sejumlah 450 lansia dan diambil sampel sejumlah 45 responden. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan tingkat aktivitas lansia yang mandiri total 16 responden (35,6%), Sedangkan lansia yang memiliki resiko jatuh tinggi 31 responden (68,9%). Berdasarkan uji Chi-Square di dapatkan hasil ρ value sebesar 0,000 dan nilai r sebesar 33.802 yang berati terdapat hubungan antara tingkat aktivitas sehari-hari dengan resiko jatuh pada lansia.
Resiko jatuh pada lansia harus dicegah dengan memperhatikan faktor seperti kondisi lingkungan rumah, penerangan rumah harus cukup, lantai rumah rata, tidak licin, kamar mandi diberi pegangan dan pintu kamar mandi mudah dibuka, selain itu juga harus melihat fungsi keseimbangan dan gaya berjalan serta faktor emosional lansia.
Reaction Time “Mismatch Costs” Change with the Likelihood of Stimulus–Response Compatibility
Authors: Campbell Megan E. J. , Sherwell Chase S. , Cunnington Ross , Brown Scott , Breakspear Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDyadic interactions require dynamic correspondence between one’s own movements and those of the other agent. This mapping is largely viewed as imitative, with the behavioural hallmark being a reaction-time cost for mismatched actions. Yet the complex motor patterns humans enact together extend beyond direct-matching, varying adaptively between imitation, complementary movements, and counter-imitation. Optimal behaviour requires an agent to predict not only what is likely to be observed but also how that observed action will relate to their own motor planning. In 28 healthy adults, we examined imitation and counter-imitation in a task that varied the likelihood of stimulus–response congruence from highly predictable, to moderately predictable, to unpredictable. To gain mechanistic insights into the statistical learning of stimulus–response compatibility, we compared two computational models of behaviour: (1) a classic fixed learning-rate model (Rescorla–Wagner reinforcement [RW]) and (2) a hierarchical model of perceptual-behavioural processes in which the learning rate adapts to the inferred environmental volatility (hierarchical Gaussian filter [HGF]). Though more complex and hence penalized by model selection, the HGF provided a more likely model of the participants’ behaviour. Matching motor responses were only primed (faster) in the most experimentally volatile context. This bias was reversed so that mismatched actions were primed when beliefs about volatility were lower. Inferential statistics indicated that matching responses were only primed in unpredictable contexts when stimuli–response congruence was at 50:50 chance. Outside of these unpredictable blocks the classic stimulus–response compatibility effect was reversed: Incongruent responses were faster than congruent ones. We show that hierarchical Bayesian learning of environmental statistics may underlie response priming during dyadic interactions.
DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN WORK FROM HOME ( WFH ) TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SEKRETARIAT DPRD KABUPATEN BULELENG
Authors: Indrayanti Made Wiwik , Sukraaliawan I Nyoman 
Published: August 2022

Munculnya pandemi Covid-19 telah berdampak pada hampir seluruh sendi-sendi kehidupan manusia. Untuk mencegah penularan Covid-19 tersebut, pemerintah menerapkan berbagai pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat, salah satunya adalah dengan menerapkan kebijakan bekerja dari rumah atau Work From Home. Kebijakan ini tentunya berdampak pada kinerja pegawai khususnya di Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Buleleng. Dalam penelitian ini, beberapa pokok permasalahan dapat dirumuskan yaitu : 1) bagaimanakah dampak kebijakan WFH terhadap kinerja pegawai pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Buleleng ?; 2) Bagaimanakah Kinerja Pegawai di Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Buleleng ? Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan maksud memperoleh gambaran yang jelas tentang Dampak kebijakan WFH terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Buleleng. Pengambilan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sedangkan pengumpulan datanya menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan pemanfaatan dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan sepanjang proses penelitian,dengan tahapan ;pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, serta simpulan dan verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa kebijakan WFH memiliki dampak positif dan dampak negatif terhadap kinerja pegawai di Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Buleleng. Dampak positif merupakan dampak yang memang diharapkan sedangkan dampak negatif adalah dampak yang tidak diharapkan. Kinerja pegawai di Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Buleleng sudah berjalan dengan baik meskipun terkadang ada kendala akibat adanya pandemi Covid-19, dilihat dari kriteria yang ada yakni kualitas dan kuantitas pekerjaan yang dihasilkan, ketepatan waktu dalam penyelesaian pekerjaan, efektivitas dalam penggunaan sumber daya, kemandirian dan hubungan interpersonal.
Perbandingan Metode Adsorpsi Ion Au3+ Menggunakan Serat Daun Nanas Termodifikasi Natrium Hidroksida Dan Asam Asetat Di Desa Prabu Kecamatan Pujut Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Firmansyah Dodiy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Pineapple leaves have high cellulose content so they can be used as adsorbents. Modification of adsorbent was carried out to increase adsorption ability of pineapple leaf fiber. The research that has been carried out aims to compare the adsorption ability of adsorbent modified sodium hydroxide pineapple leaf fiber with citric acid modified pineapple leaf fiber. Tests using adsorption were carried out using BET and SEM tools to determine the surface area and pore size of the adsorbent for pineapple leaf fibers. The results showed that the addition of citric acid 0.6 mol / L and modification temperature of 80 ° C resulted in citric acid modified cellulose adsorbents having a larger surface area and pore size of 733.725 m2 / g and 162.17 Å compared to the addition of sodium hydroxide with pore size equal to 157.04 Å and a small surface area of ??695.419.
Keywords: Peneapple leaves, Natrium hydroxide, ctric acid, ion Au3+
Abstrak
Daun nanas memiliki kandungan selulosa yang tinggi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben. Modifikasi adsorben dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan adsorpsi adsorben dari serat daun nanas. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan bertujuan untuk membandingkan kemampuan adsorpsi adsorben serat daun nanas termodifikasi natrium hidroksida dengan serat daun nanas termodifikasi asam sitrat. Uji menggunakan adsorpsi dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat BET dan SEM untuk menentukan luas permukaan dan ukuran pori adsorben serat daun nanas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan asam sitrat 0,6 mol/L dan temperatur modifikasi 80°C menghasilkan adsorben selulosa termodifikasi asam sitrat memiliki luas permukaan dan ukuran pori yang lebih besar yaitu 733,725 m2/g dan 162,17 Å dibandingkan penambahan natrium hidroksida dengan ukuran pori sebesar 157,04 Å dan luas permukaan yang kecil yaitu 695,419.
Kata Kunci: Serat daun Nanas, Natrium Hidroksida, Asam Sitrat, Ion Au3+
COCONUT, a Novel Fast-converging MHD Model for Solar Corona Simulations: I. Benchmarking and Optimization of Polytropic Solutions
Authors: Perri Barbara , Leitner Peter , Brchnelova Michaela , Baratashvili Tinatin , Kuźma Błażej , Zhang Fan , Lani Andrea , Poedts Stefaan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present a novel global 3D coronal MHD model called COCONUT, polytropic in its first stage and based on a time-implicit backward Euler scheme. Our model boosts run-time performance in comparison with contemporary MHD-solvers based on explicit schemes, which is particularly important when later employed in an operational setting for space-weather forecasting. It is data-driven in the sense that we use synoptic maps as inner boundary inputs for our potential-field initialization as well as an inner boundary condition in the further MHD time evolution. The coronal model is developed as part of the EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA) and will replace the currently employed, more simplistic, empirical Wang–Sheeley–Arge (WSA) model. At 21.5 R
⊙ where the solar wind is already supersonic, it is coupled to EUHFORIA’s heliospheric model. We validate and benchmark our coronal simulation results with the explicit-scheme Wind-Predict model and find good agreement for idealized limit cases as well as real magnetograms, while obtaining a computational time reduction of up to a factor 3 for simple idealized cases, and up to 35 for realistic configurations, and we demonstrate that the time gained increases with the spatial resolution of the input synoptic map. We also use observations to constrain the model and show that it recovers relevant features such as the position and shape of the streamers (by comparison with eclipse white-light images), the coronal holes (by comparison with EUV images), and the current sheet (by comparison with WSA model at 0.1 au).
No Self-shadowing Instability in 2D Radiation Hydrodynamical Models of Irradiated Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: David Melon Fuksman Julio , Klahr Hubert 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Theoretical models of protoplanetary disks including stellar irradiation often show a spontaneous amplification of scale height perturbations, produced by the enhanced absorption of starlight in enlarged regions. In turn, such regions cast shadows on adjacent zones that consequently cool down and shrink, eventually leading to an alternating pattern of overheated and shadowed regions. Previous investigations have proposed this to be a real self-sustained process, the so-called self-shadowing or thermal wave instability, which could naturally form frequently observed disk structures such as rings and gaps, and even potentially enhance the formation of planetesimals. All of these, however, have assumed in one way or another vertical hydrostatic equilibrium and instantaneous radiative diffusion throughout the disk. In this work we present the first study of the stability of accretion disks to self-shadowing that relaxes these assumptions, relying instead on radiation hydrodynamical simulations. We first construct hydrostatic disk configurations by means of an iterative procedure and show that the formation of a pattern of enlarged and shadowed regions is a direct consequence of assuming instantaneous radiative diffusion. We then let these solutions evolve in time, which leads to a fast damping of the initial shadowing features in layers close to the disk surface. These thermally relaxed layers grow toward the midplane until all temperature extrema in the radial direction are erased in the entire disk. Our results suggest that radiative cooling and gas advection at the disk surface prevent a self-shadowing instability from forming, by damping temperature perturbations before these reach lower, optically thick regions.
New Class of Laboratory Astrophysics Experiments: Application to Radiative Accretion Processes around Neutron Stars
Authors: Tranchant V. , Charpentier N. , Van Box Som L. , Ciardi A. , Falize É. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Extreme radiative phenomena, where the radiation energy density and flux strongly influence the medium, are common in the universe. Nevertheless, because of limited or nonexistent observational and experimental data, the validity of theoretical and numerical models for some of these radiation-dominated regimes remains to be assessed. Here, we present the theoretical framework of a new class of laboratory astrophysics experiments that can take advantage of existing high-power laser facilities to study supersonic radiation-dominated waves. Based on an extension of Lie symmetry theory we show that the stringent constraints imposed on the experiments by current scaling theories can in fact be relaxed, and that astrophysical phenomena can be studied in the laboratory even if the ratio of radiation energy density to thermal energy and systems’ microphysics are different. The validity of this approach holds until the hydrodynamic response of the studied system starts to play a role. These equivalence symmetries concepts are demonstrated using a combination of simulations for conditions relevant to Type I X-ray burst and of equivalent laboratory experiments. These results constitute the starting point of a new general approach expanding the catalog of astrophysical systems that can be studied in the laboratory.
The Isotopic Abundances of Galactic Cosmic Rays with Atomic Number 29 ≤ Z ≤ 38
Authors: Binns W. R. , Wiedenbeck M. E. , Rosenvinge T. T. von , Israel M. H. , Christian E. R. , Cummings A. C. , Nolfo G. A. de , Leske R. A. , Mewaldt R. A. , Stone E. C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer (CRIS) on the Advanced Composition Explorer spacecraft has been operating successfully in a halo orbit about the L1 Lagrange point since late 1997. We report here the isotopic composition of the Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) elements with 29 ≤ Z ≤ 38 derived from more than 20 years of CRIS data. Using a model of cosmic-ray transport in the Galaxy and the solar system (SS), we have derived from these observations the isotopic composition of the accelerated material at the GCR source (GCRS). Comparison of the isotopic fractions of these elements in the GCRS with corresponding fractions in the solar system gives no indication of GCRS enrichment in r-process isotopes. Since a large fraction of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) occur in OB associations, the fact that GCRs do not contain enhanced abundances of r-process nuclides indicates that CCSNe are not the principal source of lighter (Z ≤ 38) r-process nuclides in the solar system. This conclusion supports recent work that points to binary neutron-star mergers, rather than supernovae, as the principal source of galactic r-process isotopes.
ELUCID. VII. Using Constrained Hydro Simulations to Explore the Gas Component of the Cosmic Web
Authors: Li Renjie , Wang Huiyuan , Mo H. J. , Huang Shuiyao , Katz Neal , Luo Xiong , Cui Weiguang , Li Hao , Yang Xiaohu , Jiang Ning , Zhang Yuning 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Using reconstructed initial conditions in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) survey volume, we carry out constrained hydrodynamic simulations in three regions representing different types of the cosmic web: the Coma cluster of galaxies; the SDSS Great Wall; and a large low-density region at z ∼ 0.05. These simulations, which include star formation and stellar feedback but no active galactic nucleus formation and feedback, are used to investigate the properties and evolution of intergalactic and intracluster media. About half of the warm-hot intergalactic gas is associated with filaments in the local cosmic web. Gas in the outskirts of massive filaments and halos can be heated significantly by accretion shocks generated by mergers of filaments and halos, respectively, and there is a tight correlation between the gas temperature and the strength of the local tidal field. The simulations also predict some discontinuities associated with shock fronts and contact edges, which can be tested using observations of the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect and X-rays. A large fraction of the sky is covered by Lyα and O vi absorption systems, and most of the O vi systems and low-column-density H i systems are associated with filaments in the cosmic web. The constrained simulations, which follow the formation and heating history of the observed cosmic web, provide an important avenue to interpret observational data. With full information about the origin and location of the cosmic gas to be observed, such simulations can also be used to develop observational strategies.
Extremely Low-mass White Dwarf Stars Observed in Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR8
Authors: Wang 王 Kun 坤 , Németh Péter , Luo 罗 Yangping 杨平 , Chen 陈 Xiaodian 孝钿 , Jiang 蒋 Qingquan 青权 , Cao 曹 Xingmei 星梅 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present the first results from our ongoing project to study extremely low-mass (ELM) white dwarfs (WDs) (M ≤ 0.3M
☉) with the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) spectra. Based on the LAMOST DR8 spectral database, we analyzed 136 ELM WD candidates selected from Gaia DR2 data and 12 known objects previously identified by the ELM Survey. The atmospheric parameters and radial velocities of these stars were obtained by fitting the LAMOST low-resolution spectra. After comparing the atmospheric parameters of the 12 known objects from this work to the results reported by the ELM Survey, we demonstrated the potential of LAMOST spectra in probing into the nature of ELM WDs. Based on the atmospheric parameters and Gaia EDR3 data, we identified 21 new high-probability ELM WDs with masses M ≤ 0.3M
☉ and parallax estimates that agree to within a factor of 3. Two of them, J0338+4134 and J1129+4715, show significant radial velocity variability and are very likely to be binary systems containing at least one ELM WD.