bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ultra-fast deep-learning-based dose engine for prostate VMAT via knowledge distillation framework with limited patient data
Authors: Tseng Wenchih , Liu Hongcheng , Yang Yu , Liu Chihray , Lu Bo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Deep-learning (DL)-based dose engines have been developed to alleviate the intrinsic compromise between the calculation accuracy and efficiency of the traditional dose calculation algorithms. However, current DL-based engines typically possess high computational complexity and require powerful computing devices. Therefore, to mitigate their computational burdens and broaden their applicability to a clinical setting where resource-limited devices are available, we proposed a compact dose engine via knowledge distillation (KD) framework that offers an ultra-fast calculation speed with high accuracy for prostate Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT). Approach. The KD framework contains two sub-models: a large pre-trained teacher and a small to-be-trained student. The student receives knowledge transferred from the teacher for better generalization. The trained student serves as the final engine for dose calculation. The model input is patient computed tomography and VMAT dose in water, and the output is DL-calculated patient dose. The ground-truth \dose was computed by the Monte Carlo module of the Monaco treatment planning system. Twenty and ten prostate cases were included for model training and assessment, respectively. The model’s performance (teacher/student/student-only) was evaluated by Gamma analysis and inference efficiency. Main results. The dosimetric comparisons (input/DL-calculated/ground-truth doses) suggest that the proposed engine can effectively convert low-accuracy doses in water to high-accuracy patient doses. The Gamma passing rate (2%/2 mm, 10% threshold) between the DL-calculated and ground-truth doses was 98.64 ± 0.62% (teacher), 98.13 ± 0.76% (student), and 96.95 ± 1.02% (student-only). The inference time was 16 milliseconds (teacher) and 11 milliseconds (student/student-only) using a graphics processing unit device, while it was 936 milliseconds (teacher) and 374 milliseconds (student/student-only) using a central processing unit device. Significance. With the KD framework, a compact dose engine can achieve comparable accuracy to that of a larger one. Its compact size reduces the computational burdens and computing device requirements, and thus such an engine can be more clinically applicable.
Thermo/hydration responsive shape memory polymers with enhanced hydrophilicity for biomedical applications
Authors: Suzuki Yuta , Hu Qichan , Batchelor Benjamin , Voit Walter , Ecker Melanie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Thiol-ene/acrylate shape memory polymers (SMPs) have sufficient stiffness for facile insertion and precision placement and soften after exposure to physiological conditions to reduce the mechanical mismatch with body tissue. As a result, they have demonstrated excellent potential as substrates for various flexible bioelectronic devices, such as cochlear implants, nerve cuffs, cortical probes, plexus blankets, and spinal cord stimulators. To enhance the shape recovery properties and softening effect of SMPs under physiological conditions, we designed and implemented a new class of SMPs as bioelectronics substrates. In detail, we introduced dopamine acrylamide (DAc) as a hydrophilic monomer into a current thiol-ene polymer network. Dry and soaked dynamic mechanical analyses were performed to evaluate the thermomechanical properties, softening kinetics under wet conditions, and shape recovery properties. Modification of SMPs by DAc provided an improved softening effect and shape recovery speed under physiological conditions. Here, we report a new strategy for designing SMPs with enhanced shape recovery properties and lower moduli than previously reported SMPs under physiological conditions without sacrificing stiffness at room temperature by introducing a hydrophilic monomer.
Dynamical change under slowly changing conditions: the quantum Kruskal–Neishtadt–Henrard theorem
Authors: Stabel Peter , Anglin James R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Adiabatic approximations break down classically when a constant-energy contour splits into separate contours, forcing the system to choose which daughter contour to follow; the choices often represent qualitatively different behavior, so that slowly changing conditions induce a sudden and drastic change in dynamics. The Kruskal–Neishtadt–Henrard (KNH) theorem relates the probability of each choice to the rates at which the phase space areas enclosed by the different contours are changing. This represents a connection within closed-system mechanics, and without dynamical chaos, between spontaneous change and increase in phase space measure, as required by the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Quantum mechanically, in contrast, dynamical tunneling allows adiabaticity to persist, for very slow parameter change, through a classical splitting of energy contours; the classical and adiabatic limits fail to commute. Here we show that a quantum form of the KNH theorem holds nonetheless, due to unitarity.
Information preservation of two qubits in a structured environment
Authors: Xiong Heng-Na , Li Lingfeng , Sun Zhe , Yang ZeJin , Le Zichun , Huang Yixiao , Wang Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The environment-induced decoherence of a quantum open system makes it fundamentally import to preserve the initial quantum information of the system in its steady state. Here we study information preservation of two maximally entangled qubits lying inside a photonic-crystal waveguide with semi-infinite cavity-array structure. We generalize our study to arbitrary position and arbitrary frequency detuning of the qubits. We find that for weak qubits-waveguide couplings, the information preservation greatly depends on the position and the frequency detuning of the qubits, while for strong couplings, both of these dependence is significantly weakened. Interestingly, by suitably choosing the position and the frequency of the qubits, high information preservation could be achieved for both weak and strong couplings, irrespective to Markovian or non-Markovian dynamics. Physically, we analytically verify that the ability of information preservation is indeed determined by the existence of the bound states of the entire system, but the probability of information preservation is closely related to the probability of the initial state of the qubits in the bound states. Our results provide an alternative route getting high information preservation without any external controls of the system.
Scattering dominated spatial coherence and phase correlation properties in plasmonic lattice lasers
Authors: Heikkinen Janne I , Asamoah Benjamin , Calpe Roman , Nečada Marek , Koivurova Matias , Hakala Tommi K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of the polarization and spatial coherence properties of the lasing modes supported by a four-fold symmetric plasmonic lattice. We can distinguish the scattering induced effects from the lattice geometry induced effects by modifying only the diameter of the particles while keeping the lattice geometry constant. Customized interferometric measurements reveal that the lasing emission undergoes a drastic change from 1D to 2D spatial coherence with increasing particle size, accompanied with dramatic changes in the far field polarization and beaming properties. By utilizing T-matrix scattering simulations, we reveal the physical mechanism governing this transition. In particular, we find that there exists increased radiative coupling in the diagonal directions at the plane of the lattice when the particle diameter is increased. Finally, we demonstrate that the x- and y-polarized (degenerate) lasing modes become phase locked with sufficiently large particles.
The thermoelectric properties of XTe (X = Ge, Sn and Pb) monolayers from first-principles calculations
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhang Dingbo , Chen Yuanzheng , Wang Hui , Ou Kai , Xia Yudong , Wang Hongyan , Ni Yuxiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Thermoelectric (TE) materials are increasingly attracting the attention of researchers as new energy materials that are capable of converting thermal energy into electrical energy. In this work, combining first-principles calculations and the Boltzmann transport equation, the TE related properties of XTe (X = Ge, Sn and Pb) monolayers have been thoroughly studied. The calculated results show that XTe monolayers are indirect band gap semiconductors, and they possess small effective masses which lead to large carrier mobilities and high electrical conductivities. Except for p-type PbTe, the other XTe monolayers share extremely high PF, thanks to the high Seebeck coefficients and large electrical conductivity. Furthermore, owing to the low phonon group velocity and strong anharmonicity, the lattice thermal conductivities of SnTe and PbTe are quite low. At 500 K, the optimum figure of merit (ZT) values are calculated to be 1.26, 2.61 and 5.91 for GeTe, SnTe and PbTe respectively. The obtained ZT values of the XTe monolayers are larger than these of their bulk counterparts. These results qualify XTe monolayers as promising candidates for building outstanding TE devices.
A new 5D fractional-order conservative hyperchaos system
Authors: Tian Bowen , Peng Qiqi , Leng Xiangxin , Du Baoxiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
At present, most of the encryption algorithms based on chaotic systems use dissipative chaotic systems. However, the dissipative chaotic systems have attractors and are easy to reconstruct, which leads to potential security risks in the process of data transmission. Therefore, a novel five-dimensional conservative hyperchaotic system is proposed in this paper, and the integer order system is transformed into a fractional-order system based on the Adomian decomposition method(ADM). The dynamic characteristics of the system are discussed by using classical analysis methods such as Lyapunov exponent spectrum(LEs), bifurcation diagram, phase diagram, and timing diagram. By changing the system parameters and the differential order q, we found a wealth of dynamic phenomena, such as quasi-periodic flow, chaotic flow, and hyperchaotic flow. When the initial value is used as a variable, it is found that the system has initial offset boosting behavior, multiple stability, and special transient behavior. In addition, we use the spectral entropy algorithm to analyze the complexity of the system. Finally, hardware experiments are also carried out using digital signal processor (DSP) to verify the correctness of the numerical simulation, and also to prove the physical realizability of the system, to create conditions for its subsequent engineering applications.
Structural, optical, and antibacterial properties of Li-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized in water: evidence of incorporation of interstitial Li
Authors: Mukherjee Sumit , Pramanik Subhamay , Das Sandip , Mandal Rajesh , Chakraborty Subhabrata , Chattopadhyay Amarnath , Ghosh Tatan , Pal Sukanta , Nath Rajib , Kuiri Probodh K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The mode of incorporation of lithium (Li) (as substitution or interstitial position) in zinc oxide (ZnO) has its own importance as far as the potential applications of Li-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are concerned. Fabrication of p-type ZnO-based semiconductors as well as defect engineering-based applications demand substitution of Zn2+ by Li+. However, doping of ZnO by Li with interstitial positions can play an important role in controlling different properties of it. In the present study, we report the successful doping of Li in ZnO NPs up to a Li concentration of 10 mol% employing a simple wet chemical precipitation method in water. Up to a Li concentration of 8 mol%, doping by substitution of Li to the Zn sites has been observed. However, for 10 mol% of Li concentration, doping by incorporation of interstitial sites in addition to the substitution has been confirmed through complementary characterization techniques. The effects of interstitial Li in ZnO on structural, optical, and antimicrobial properties have been studied in detail systematically. For all the cases (structural, optical, and antimicrobial), the properties of Li-doped ZnO NPs have been changed reversibly in the ZnO NPs after the incorporation of interstitial sites by Li as compared to the substitution of Li. For example, the microstrain, band gap, and antimicrobial activity have been found to increase with the increase in Li concentration up to 8 mol%. However, the microstrain, band gap, and antimicrobial activity are found the decrease for 10 mol% of Li as compared to 8 mol% of Li. This study indicated that the different properties of Li-doped ZnO NPs can be controlled suitably as per the requirements for the practical applications of ZnO-based materials.
Structure, half-metallic and magnetic properties of bulk and (001) surface of Rb2XMoO6 (X = Cr, Sc) double perovskites: a DFT + U study
Authors: Mebed Abdelazim M , Mushtaq Muhammad , Muhammad Iltaf , Lone Ikram Un Nabi , AL-Qaisi Samah , Algethami Norah , EL-Shamy E F , Laref Amel , AL-Hosiny N M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Half-metallic (HM) ferromagnets (HM-FMs) with large HM gap and high Curie temperature (TC) have a great importance in the field of spintronics. In this study, the geometric features, electronic structure and magnetism of two new double perovskites (DPs) represented by Rb2XMoO6 (X = Cr, Sc) were explored in bulk phase and (001) surface using quantum mechanical total energy calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that optimized lattice constant a is 7.96 Å and 8.26 Å for Rb2CrMoO6 (RCMO) and Rb2ScMoO6 (RSMO), respectively, in the cubic phase (space group Fm-3m, #225). The cohesive energy Ecoh, formation energy Efor and elastic constants (mechanical) calculations proved that present materials are stable. The magnetic properties were explored in terms of ground state magnetic coupling, total magnetic moment (M) and atomic magnetic moment (m), exchange energy (J), and Curie temperature. It was found that both materials have ferromagnetic coupling in the ground state, with M of integer value of 8.0 μ
B (4.0 μ
B), J value of 47 meV(72 meV) and TC of 365 K (557 K) in Rb2CrMoO6 (Rb2ScMoO6). The electronic properties computed with electronic band structure and density of states demonstrated both DPs to be half-metal with HM gap of 1.61 eV (2.1 eV) in Rb2Cr-based (Rb2Sc-based) system. Finally the electronic and magnetic properties of (001) surfaces were investigated and compared with that of bulk phase. Interestingly, bulk HM property was retained in RSMO, but disappeared in RCMO due the emergence of defect states at Fermi level (EF). The reported results suggest that Rb-based DPs carry some fascinating properties for spin-based devices.
Experimental SDR implementation of cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Bouzegag Younes , Teguig Djamal , Maali Abdelmadjid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a Software Defined Radio (SDR) implementation of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) is investigated. More precisely, various local spectrum sensing algorithms have been implemented and validated on USRP B210 using the Qt framework. The realized test bed is based on a client-server architecture. In the client interface, different spectrum sensing techniques have been implemented and analyzed. The fusion center interface implements all hard decision combination schemes, namely OR, AND, and the MAJORITY rule. Finally, several realistic scenarios have been considered to validate our SDR implementation. Moreover, these implementations allowed us to assess the efficiency of different hard-decision combination schemes for cooperative detection in the context of cognitive radio. Besides, the performance improvement is analytically evaluated and corroborated by the experimental results. These results regarding real scenarios confirm that Goodness of Fit-based (GoF) sensing methods outperform conventional methods. Furthermore, theoretical and simulation results from CSS have been validated experimentally that OR-rule gives clearly better results than other hard decisions combinations schemes.
Extending the applicability of popular force fields for describing water/metal interfaces: application to water/Pd(111)
Authors: Gomes-Filho Márcio S. , Pereira Aline O. , Feliciano Gustavo T , Pedroza Luana S. , Coutinho-Neto Mauricio D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We propose a new method for constructing a polarizable classical force field using data obtained from QM and QM/MM calculations to account for the charge redistribution at the water/metal interface. The induced charge effects are described by adding dipoles to the system topology following the Rod Model (Iori, F, et al J. Comput. Chem.2009, 30, 1465). Furthermore, the force field uses the TIP3P water model, and its functional form is compatible with popular force fields such as AMBER, CHARMM, GROMOS, OPLS-AA, CVFF and IFF. The proposed model was evaluated and validated for water/Pd(111) systems. We tuned the model parameters to reproduce a few critical water/Pd(111) geometries and energies obtained from DFT calculations using both PBE and a non-local van der Waals xc-functional. Our model can reproduce the hexagonal ice layer for the Pd(111)/water systems typically present in low-temperature experiments, in agreement with information available from the literature. Additionally, the model can also reproduce the experimental metal-water interfacial tension at room temperature.
The free field representation for the GL(1∣1) WZW model revisited
Authors: Lashkevich Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The GL(1∣1) WZW model in the free field realization that uses the bc system is revisited. By bosonizing the bc system we describe the Neveu-Schwarz and Ramond sector modules

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in terms of the subspaces of a given fermion number l. We show that there are two sectors of mutually local operators, each consists of all Neveu-Schwarz operators and of Ramond operators with either integer or half-integer spins. Conformal blocks and structure constants are found for operators that correspond the highest weight vectors of the spaces

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. The crossing and braiding matrices are considered and the hexagon and pentagon equations are shown to be satisfied for typical modules. The degenerate case of conformal blocks with atypical (logarithmic) modules as intermediate states is considered. The known conformal block decomposition of correlation functions in the degenerate case is shown to be related to the degeneration splitting in the crossing and braiding relations. The scalar product in atypical modules is discussed. The decomposition of unity in the full correlation functions in the degenerate case in terms of this scalar product is explained.
A transparent water-based metamaterial broadband absorber with a tunable absorption band
Authors: Yao Boyi , Zeng Qu , Duan Junping , Wei Li , Kang Jinfeng , Zhang Binzhen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, a tunable and optically transparent water-based wideband metamaterial absorber (MMA) is proposed and verified. By adjusting the thickness of the water layer, the conversion of the absorber absorption band from 7.4–22.4 GHz to 23.1–35.5 GHz can be achieved, which demonstrates the flexibility of MMA. Indium tin oxide (ITO) as the resonant and reflective layers of the material structure. Optically transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used as a medium container to encapsulate the water. Furthermore, the suggested MMA is polarization insensitive and has broad incident angle stability. Experiments verify the excellent properties of the proposed MMA. As a result, the suggested MMA has various applications in military and medical equipment optical windows.
Optimization for ultrahigh specific capacity and superior temperature control in a Li-ion battery cell
Authors: Farsi Salman , Islam Md Rasidul , Rahman Md Arafat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the revolution in power generation and the development of electrification, portable electronic gadgets have recently posed escalating needs for suitable energy storage applications. The lithium-ion battery (LIB) is an electrochemical energy storage device that can achieve high energy density while retaining high power density. Here, we build a high energy density LIB module with a ∼12.10% increase in energy density over the previous cell. For environmental and safety reasons, several design elements such as electrode thickness, porosity, current density, and particle size were iterated to improve specific capacity and energy density without changing the ambient temperature increment. We have used a simple heat generation system; the temperature raised by ∼18.96% from the room environment was close to 29.74 °C. The specific capacity was also improved by ∼14.56% as compared to commercial LIB. Besides, we used the gassing and plating methods to reduce the integrated Li-ion loss for both the cathode and anode. All of the remarkable findings in this work will aid in the optimization and design of next-generation LIB cells.
The Significance of Thermally Pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars in Post-starburst Galaxies
Authors: Liu Siqi , Luo A-Li 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We measure the significance of thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stars via the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of a sample of post-starburst (PSB) galaxies at z = 0.2–0.7. Using ground- and space-based photometry from the 3D-HST catalog, as well as associated near-infrared (NIR) Hubble Space Telescope (HST) slitless grism spectroscopy, we evaluate the importance of TP-AGB stars in the SEDs of 177 PSB galaxies by fitting simple stellar populations with different levels of TP-AGB contributions. The grism spectra, despite their low resolution of R ∼ 100, enable the detection of molecular features specific to TP-AGB stars and thus improve constraints on their contribution. A majority (∼70%) of galaxies in the PSB sample show features indicative of TP-AGB stars, while the remainder does not and they are well fit by Bruzual & Charlot TP-AGB light models. Stacked spectra of sources classified to be the best fit by TP-AGB heavy/mild models reveal strong detections of NIR molecular features associated with TP-AGB stars. Additionally, we observe a tentative trend with redshift where more TP-AGB heavy galaxies are observed in the higher redshift PSB galaxy population. Finally, neglecting the contribution of TP-AGB stars can yield an over-prediction of stellar masses measured in the K-band ranging from 0.13–0.23 dex.
Effect of negative triangularity on the bulk ions co-current rotation caused by the ion orbit loss at the edge of the tokamak plasmas
Authors: Wang Ruoying , Pan Chengkang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ion orbit loss (IOL) can drive the bulk ions co-current rotation at the edge of the tokamak plasmas. The effect of triangularity on the IOL is investigated by using an analytical tokamak equilibrium model for the shaped plasmas. The peaking speed of the bulk ions co-current rotation at the tokamak edge will be increased greatly with the negative triangularity.