bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speed versus accuracy instructions in the response time concealed information test
Authors: Lubczyk Till , Lukács Gáspár , Ansorge Ulrich 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe response time concealed information test (RT-CIT) can reveal that a person recognizes a relevant item (probe) among other, irrelevant items, based on slower responding to the probe compared to the irrelevant items. Thereby, if this person is concealing knowledge about the relevance of this item (e.g., recognizing it as a murder weapon), this deception can be unveiled. In the present paper, we examined the impact of a speed versus accuracy instruction: Examinees (N = 235) were either presented with instructions emphasizing a focus on speed, with instructions emphasizing a focus on accuracy, or with no particular speed or accuracy instructions at all. We found that although participants responded to the probe and the irrelevants marginally faster when they had received instructions emphasizing speed, there was no significant difference between RTs of the different experimental groups and crucially no significant difference between the probe–irrelevant RT differences either. This means that such instructions are unlikely to benefit the RT-CIT, but it also suggests that related deliberate manipulation (focusing on speed on or accuracy) is unlikely to decrease the efficiency of the RT-CIT—contributing further evidence to the RT-CIT’s resistance to faking.
COVID-19, neurovascular thrombotic problem and short summary on blood coagulation disorder: a brief review
Authors: Mungmunpuntipantip Rujittika , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 is the present global public health problem. This respiratory viral infection can manifest atypical presentation including neurological presentations. An important neurological problem in COVID-19 is neurovascular thrombosis. The basic pathogenesis of thrombosis in neurological system is explainable by the basic principle of thrombohemostasis. A hypercoagulability is a possible problem seen in some COVID-19 cases. In this brief review, the authors summarize venous and arterial thrombosis of neurovascular system as a complication of COVID-19. The updated pathophysiology of COVID-associated blood coagulation disorder is discussed. In addition, consideration regarding new COVID-19 vaccine related thrombotic adverse event is also raised.
The impregnation of ZnO onto ZSM-5 derived from red mud for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Tehubijuluw Hellna , Subagyo Riki , Kusumawati Yuly , Prasetyoko Didik 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) by zinc oxide/zeolite socony mobile-5 (ZnO/ZSM-5) composites was investigated. The ZSM-5 material was synthesized from red mud by a two-step hydrothermal method to which ZnO loadings at different mass ratios were subsequently performed. Characterizations using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were carried out to identify the formation of ZSM-5 and ZnO/ZSM-5. ZSM-5 and ZnO/ZSM-5 have cubic microcrystallite morphologies. ZnO loading in the ZnO/ZSM-5 composites was successfully performed and confirmed by the appearance of wurtzite peaks in the XRD spectra that matched the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards data. The presence of ZnO in ZSM-5 leading resulted in a decrease in the surface area and pore size as confirming by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm experiments. The band gap of the samples was measured using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The optimum photocatalytic degradation of MB was observed at a ZnO loading of 34% w/w dubbed 34-ZnO/ZSM-5. The influence of the initial concentration of MB was also investigated at 80, 90, and 100 mg L− 1using 34-ZnO/ZSM-5 and ZSM-5. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry characterization was performed to analyze the degradation products.
Lateral chest wall perforator flaps in partial breast reconstruction
Authors: Orabi Ahmed , Youssef Mina M G , Manie Tamer M. , Shaalan Mohamed , Hashem Tarek 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Breast conserving surgery (BCS) has been a standard procedure for the treatment of breast cancer instead of mastectomy whenever possible. Lateral chest wall perforator flaps are one of the volume replacement techniques that participate in increasing the rate of BCS especially in small- to moderate-sized breasts with good cosmetic outcome. In this study, we tried to evaluate the outcome of those flaps as an oncoplastic procedure instead of the conventional flaps.

Methods
This study included 26 patients who underwent partial mastectomy with immediate reconstruction using lateral chest wall perforator flaps in the period from October 2019 to November 2020. The operative time, techniques, and complications were recorded. The cosmetic outcome was assessed 3 months post-radiation therapy through a questionnaire and photographic assessment.

Results
Lateral intercostal artery perforator (LICAP), lateral thoracic artery perforator (LTAP) and combined flaps were performed in 24, 1, and 1 patients, respectively. The mean operative time was 129.6 ± 13.2 min. The flap length ranged from 10 to 20 cm and its width from 5 to 9 cm. Overall patients’ satisfaction was observed to be 88.5% as either excellent or good and the photographic assessment was 96.2% as either excellent or good.

Conclusions
Lateral chest wall perforator flaps are reliable and safe option for partial breast reconstruction with an acceptable aesthetic outcome. In the era of oncoplastic breast surgery, they deserve to gain attention especially with the advantages of some modifications added to the classic technique.
Effectiveness of virtual teaching of diagnostic and interventional imaging fundamentals to Egyptian medical students: an analytical cross-sectional study
Authors: Negm Ahmed S. , Elhatw Ahmed , Badawy Mohamed , Gioe Meredith L. , Khan Sana , Hammad Mahmoud F. , Shalaby Nada , Choucair Ferial , Saad Mariam Ahmed , Elfeel Amany , Elbatal Mariam , Saenz Florentino , Shehata Mostafa Ahmed , Patel Parth , Aly Muhammad , Khalifa Islam , Kamel Serageldin , ElHefnawi Yara , Fahmy Mohamed Ismael , Rohren Scott , Hussein Mohamed Yasser , Elsaiey Ahmed , Zitoun Owiss , Elsayes Khaled M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
There is a worldwide deficit in teaching and training in the field of radiology for undergraduate medical students. This educational gap is prominent in many medical schools as most radiology curricula are a part of other specialty trainings, usually provided by non-radiologists. After COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increased trend in online education. However, questions have been raised about the efficacy and acceptance of online education. We developed a course on the principles of radiology and medical imaging basics to target Egyptian medical students. We then assessed the impact of these educational videos through several online surveys. Our "The Principles of Radiology Online Course" was delivered to students at various Egyptian medical schools; it was a prerecorded series composed of nine sessions, and each session followed the sequence of a pre-test, video, and post-test. There was a final survey to assess the overall feedback. Finally, we analyzed the results to give insight onto how teaching radiology through online lectures can help build better physicians.

Results
Among various medical schools around Egypt, 1396 Egyptian medical students joined this cohort. Cohort population percentage was 56% female and 44% male. Ninety-eight percent of the students agreed that this program increased their understanding of radiology. Eighty-four percent of the students found the platform friendly and easy to use. Seventy-nine percent found these webinars were more convenient compared to in-person education. Statistical significance (p-value < 0.05) was achieved in all sessions after comparing students’ pre and post-test scores, and in students’ confidence and knowledge level before and after the course.

Conclusions
Radiology is an underrepresented subject for a lot of medical students. Online radiology webinars have proven to be a promising method of teaching medical students key medical imaging concepts. An online course of radiology basics and principles can help improve a medical student’s knowledge and enhance overall future patient care.
A large and invasive pleomorphic adenoma of nasal cavity: a rare case report and review of literatures
Authors: Cherrabi Kaoutar , Maqboub Omar , Benmansour Najib , El Alami Mohamed Noureddine 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Pleomorphic adenomas are common tumors of major salivary glands. However, the localization in nasal cavity originating from the lateral wall is exceptional.
This work is a presentation of a very rare case that presents the diagnostic challenge, considering the multitude of malignant and benign differential diagnosis. A discussion of surgical approach, and the possible complications associated with it.

Case presentation
This is the case of an invasive nasal pleomorphic adenoma in a 48-year-old patient; the patient underwent complete excision through combined left lateral rhinotomy and functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Conclusion
Pleomorphic adenoma is a very rare benign tumor of the nasal cavity. Clinical diagnosis is generally difficult regarding the multitude of differential diagnosis. Confirmation is established upon histological aspect.
This is a case of a very rare large pleomorphic adenoma of nasal cavity originating from the lateral wall, associated with differential diagnosis, and surgical approaches, as well as perceivable complications.
The strength of this work is to point out the importance of complete surgical extirpation and thorough follow-up to prevent recurrences and malignant transformation.
Low-level laser therapy for treatment of tinnitus in Red Sea scuba divers: a randomized clinical study
Authors: Elsayad Osama A. , Alsharif Basel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Scuba diving has become a popular hobby. However, diving puts the auditory system at the risk of a wide variety of complaints including tinnitus. Low-level laser therapy is a new modality in treatment of tinnitus. This study evaluates effect of laser therapy on tinnitus of scuba divers in Red Sea. This randomized study included 200 scuba diving patients with tinnitus without any other audiological symptoms. They were randomly divided into two groups: GI (n=100) patients were subjected to 60 sessions of laser therapy, and in the other group GII (n=100), the machine was off while doing the procedure. The Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ) was done every 20 days to evaluate the severity of the tinnitus for both groups.

Results
Both groups were matched regarding age and sex distribution. GI group experienced significantly decreased tinnitus severity compared to GII after laser therapy. There was no relation between duration of diving and laser therapy effect in GI.

Conclusion
Laser therapy is effective in treatment of tinnitus of scuba divers and its effect is increased by number of laser sessions.
Did we learn something positive out of the COVID-19 pandemic? Post-traumatic growth and mental health in the general population
Authors: Menculini Giulia , Albert Umberto , Bianchini Valeria , Carmassi Claudia , Carrà Giuseppe , Cirulli Francesca , Dell’Osso Bernardo , Fabrazzo Michele , Perris Francesco , Sampogna Gaia , Nanni Maria Giulia , Pompili Maurizio , Sani Gabriele , Volpe Umberto , Tortorella Alfonso 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
When facing a traumatic event, some people may experience positive changes, defined as posttraumatic growth (PTG).

Methods
Understanding the possible positive consequences of the pandemic on the individual level is crucial for the development of supportive psychosocial interventions. The present paper aims to: 1) evaluate the levels of PTG in the general population; 2) to identify predictors of each dimension of post-traumatic growth.

Results
The majority of the sample (67%, N = 13,889) did not report any significant improvement in any domain of PTG. Participants reported the highest levels of growth in the dimension of “appreciation of life” (2.3 ± 1.4), while the lowest level was found in the “spiritual change” (1.2 ± 1.2). Female participants reported a slightly higher level of PTG in areas of personal strength (p < .002) and appreciation for life (p < .007) compared to male participants, while no significant association was found with age. At the multivariate regression models, weighted for the propensity score, only the initial week of lockdown (between 9-15 April) had a negative impact on the dimension of “relating to others” (B = −.107, 95% CI = −.181 to −.032, p < .005), while over time no other effects were found. The duration of exposure to lockdown measures did not influence the other dimensions of PTG.

Conclusions
The assessment of the levels of PTG is of great importance for the development of ad hoc supportive psychosocial interventions. From a public health perspective, the identification of protective factors is crucial for developing ad-hoc tailored interventions and for preventing the development of full-blown mental disorders in large scale.
A thermodynamic origin for the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound
Authors: Ramakrishna Satish 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound is imposed on the grounds of logical consistency (with classical General Relativity) upon local quantum field theories. This paper puts the bound into the context of a thermodynamic principle applicable to a field with a particular equation of state in an expanding universe. This is achieved without overtly appealing to either a decreasing density of states or a minimum coupling requirement, though they might still be consistent with the results described. We do so by defining an appropriate Helmholtz free energy which when extremized relative to a key parameter (the Hubble radius L) provides a scaling formula for the entropy with the Hubble radius (an exponent r used in the text). We deduce that the CKN bound is one possible solution to this extremization problem (with

), but there are others consistent with r = 2. The paper establishes that the holographic principle applied to cosmology is consistent with minimizing the free energy of the universe in the canonical ensemble, upon the assumption that the ultraviolet cutoff is a function of the causal horizon scale.
Divergent evolution of developmental timing in the neocortex revealed by marsupial and eutherian transcriptomes
Authors: Kozulin Peter , Suárez Rodrigo , Zhao Qiong-Yi , Paolino Annalisa , Richards Linda J. , Fenlon Laura R. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Only mammals evolved a neocortex, which integrates sensory-motor and cognitive functions. Significant diversifications in the cellular composition and connectivity of the neocortex occurred between the two main therian groups: marsupials and eutherians. However, the developmental mechanisms underlying these diversifications are largely unknown. Here, we compared the neocortical transcriptomes of Sminthopsis crassicaudata, a mouse-sized marsupial, with those of eutherian mice at two developmentally equivalent time points corresponding to deeper and upper layer neuron generation. Enrichment analyses revealed more mature gene networks in marsupials at the early stage, which reverted at the later stage, suggesting a more precocious but protracted neuronal maturation program relative to birth timing of cortical layers. We ranked genes expressed in different species and identified important differences in gene expression rankings between species. For example, genes known to be enriched in upper-layer cortical projection neuron subtypes, such as Cux1, Lhx2 and Satb2, likely relate to corpus callosum emergence in eutherians. These results show molecular heterochronies of neocortical development in Theria, and highlight changes in gene expression and cell type composition that may underlie neocortical evolution and diversification.
This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview.
Enhancing innovative delivery in schools using design thinking
Authors: Gopinathan Sharmini , Kaur Anisha Haveena , Ramasamy Kanesaraj , Raman Murali 
Published: January 2022

The pandemic has created challenges in all sectors of the economy and education. Traditional teaching approaches seem futile in the new context, thus the need to constantly reinvent the delivery to meet the fast-paced changes in the education domain. Hence, Design Thinking (DT) is an alternative approach that might be useful in the given context. DT is known to be a human-centric approach to innovative problem-solving processes. DT could be employed in the delivery process to develop twenty-first-century skills and enhance creativity and innovation, in an attempt to identify alternative solutions. The study explores the role of design thinking (DT) in the form of empathy, thinking process, gamified lessons and curriculum enhancement, which leads to innovative delivery among teachers. It enhances and facilitates innovative content delivery by leveraging creativity. The study targeted 131 teachers, whereby 61 are primary school teachers and 70 are secondary school teachers. A questionnaire constituting of 23 close-ended questions using the 5-point Likert scale was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using SmartPLS to establish relationships between DT and Innovative Delivery in schools. The data was further analyzed to seek co-relations between the DT steps and the successful transformation of content delivery by teachers. The study established a framework for the application of design thinking for teachers as the primary support in developing activities for their students. It shows that thinking process, gamifying lessons and curriculum enhancement have positive significance in innovative delivery, whereas empathy did not show a significant positive relationship. The outcome of this study will help fill the gap towards creating an interesting method of delivery in schools and constantly innovating the method to suit the evolving generation. This insight is crucial for the Ministry of Education and policymakers to enhance teachers’ ability to innovatively deliver content to students.
Case Report: Stem cell therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Hassan Ala'a A. , Elkins Jeananne , Hassan Hisham Y. 
Published: January 2022

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease leading to loss of upper and lower motor neurons at both spinal and bulbar levels. For patients with ALS rehabilitation is important to maintain functional independence, ensure safety and optimize quality of life but is not curative. Stem cell therapy (SCT) provides a new approach to treat previously incurable diseases although peer reviewed published evidence has shown no benefit in ALS for slowing disease progression or functional loss. This case report presents a patient with ALS who underwent SCT but deteriorated rapidly after the procedure. Whether the deterioration was due to the natural progress of the disease or expedited by SCT remains unknown. The ethical considerations of how marketing influences healthcare and individuals’ decisions in desperate situations along with reasons for taking desperate measures are discussed. Patient education and open communication with ALS patients are imperative in gaining patient satisfaction and overcoming ill effects that marketing could have on unconventional methods of intervention. Raising awareness about the availability and access to multidisciplinary care, the timing of decisions with regards to symptom management and end of life care have proven to enhance the quality of life for such patients.
A narrative inquiry into the resettlement of armed forces personnel in the Arabian Gulf: a model for successful transition and positive mental well-being
Authors: Mottershead Richard , Alonaizi Nafi 
Published: January 2022

Background: The study sought to explore the lived experiences of individuals having served in the Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia, as they made the transition to civilian life and sought new employment opportunities. Methods: Researchers carried out qualitative research in the form of narrative inquiry. Narratives were collected from eleven in-depth interviews conducted in Saudi Arabia in 2021, allowed for insight into participant experiences. Existing literature on military retirement was also investigated. Results: Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed concurrently using thematic analysis to identify patterns or themes. The researchers adopted thematic synthesis as an analytical framework though which descriptive themes from the literature on military retirement were generated. Overall, this approach allowed for the comparison of themes in literature with those of narrative interviews. Conclusion: The study identified challenges encountered by veterans during the resettlement and transitional phase from military to civilian life. There was a general consensus, however, that military life equips individuals with valuable skills that are transferrable to successful post-military employment, known as Positive Transferable Adaptability for Employability (PTAE), (Mottershead, 2019), which can greatly empower those making the transition. These findings led the researchers to develop a new model for veteran career paths that meet the contemporary employment needs of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: the REVERE Transition Model, which identifies six career paths.
Incoherent range-based holography of far-distant objects using LIDAR
Authors: Hoffmann Mitchell P. , Dallmann Nicholas A. , Carlsten Bruce E. , Coblentz Malakai P. , Palmer David , Thompson David C. 
Published: January 2022

Los Alamos National Laboratory has developed an incoherent, long-range,
sub-centimeter resolution (LIDAR) with which we achieve
centimeter-scale reflection holography at extremely long ranges. The
system consists of a pulsed laser and photon-counting receiver. This
combination yields round-trip time of flight data to illuminate parts
of the object of interest. The aggregation of these data for many
LIDAR pulses yields a plot with a range on the

X

axis and reflectance on the

Y

axis, which we refer to as a range
profile. Observing that the range profile is a projection of the
reflection map of the object onto the view vector, we collect profiles
from a variety of viewing angles and invert these data to form an
image. We adapt imaging algorithms from the field of computer aided
tomography to suit our application and present results from imaging
demonstrations at a 10 km range.
Terahertz beamforming network with a nonuniform contour
Authors: Hadei Milad , Dadashzadeh Gholamreza , Torabi Yalda , Lalbakhsh Ali 
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a terahertz beamforming network based on a nonlocal lens with a 2D beam-scanning demonstration through leaky-wave antennas. The proposed design methodology is novel, to the best of our knowledge, in the aspect of using unconventional optimization parameters to significantly reduce the phase error associated with this class of beamformers. In this approach, a nonuniform contour defined by Fourier series expansion is used as a new optimization parameter to significantly decrease the phase error over a larger scan-angle than that in the previous works. The proposed system is a good candidate for industrial and security applications such as automotive radar sensors and electromagnetic THz imaging, thanks to its extensive 2D scanning range:

−

68

∘

to 0° in the elevation plane and

−

45

∘

to

+

45

∘

in the azimuth plane over the frequency range of 140–180 GHz.