bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudohypoxia in paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma is associated with an immunosuppressive phenotype
Authors: Celada Lucía , Cubiella Tamara , San‐Juan‐Guardado Jaime , Gutiérrez Gala , Beiguela Brenda , Rodriguez Raúl , Poch María , Astudillo Aurora , Grijalba Ana , Sánchez‐Sobrino Paula , Tous Maria , Navarro Elena , Serrano Teresa , Paja Miguel , Valdés Nuria , Chiara María‐Dolores 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMetastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) have poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. The recent advent of immunotherapies showing remarkable clinical efficacies against various cancer types offers the possibility of novel opportunities also for metastatic PPGL. Most PPGLs are pathogenically linked to inactivating mutations in genes encoding different succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunits. This causes activation of the hypoxia‐inducible factor 2 (HIF2)‐mediated transcriptional program in the absence of decreased intratumoral oxygen levels, a phenomenon known as pseudohypoxia. Genuine hypoxia in a tumor creates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, the impact of pseudohypoxia in the immune landscape of tumors remains largely unexplored. In this study, tumoral expression of programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) and HIF2α and tumor infiltration of CD8 T lymphocytes (CTLs) were examined in PPGL specimens from 102 patients. We assessed associations between PD‐L1, CTL infiltration, HIF2α expression, and the mutational status of SDH genes. Our results show that high PD‐L1 expression levels in tumor cells and CTL tumor infiltration were more frequent in metastatic than nonmetastatic PPGL. However, this phenotype was negatively associated with SDH mutations and high HIF2α protein expression. These data were validated by analysis of mRNA levels of genes expressing PD‐L1, CD8, and HIF2α in PPGL included in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Further, PD‐L1 and CD8 expression was lower in norepinephrine than epinephrine‐secreting PPGL. This in silico analysis also revealed the low PD‐L1 or CD8 expression levels in tumors with inactivating mutations in VHL or activating mutations in the HIF2α‐coding gene, EPAS1, which, together with SDH‐mutated tumors, comprise the pseudohypoxic molecular subtype of PPGL. These findings suggest that pseudohypoxic tumor cells induce extrinsic signaling toward the immune cells promoting the development of an immunosuppressive environment. It also provides compelling support to explore the differential response of metastatic PPGL to immune checkpoint inhibitors. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Improving Data Quality in Traditional Low‐Dose Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging
Authors: Wang Lingling , Jiang Yilan , Zhou Yi , Shi Ruikai , Hosokawa Fumio , Terasaki Osamu , Zhang Qing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt has become very important to study and find optimal conditions for imaging electron‐beam (e‐beam) sensitive materials in scanning transmission electron microscopy under low electron‐dose with high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). Convergence and collection angles and electron‐probe current are essential parameters. However, these parameters have rarely been discussed in a systematic way. In this paper, the illumination and collection conditions are optimized according to the resolution requirement of different materials by adjusting the condenser and intermediate lenses in a commercial transmission electron microscope. To demonstrate the significance of optimizing these parameters, two examples, zeolite MFI and metal–organic framework (MOF) MIL‐101, are taken among the sensitive materials, with the most important electron incidences along the [010] and <110> directions, respectively. High SNR atomic resolution images of MFI are obtained with e‐beam current as low as 0.50 pA, reaching information transfer for reflection up to 18 0 2 corresponding to d‐spacing of 0.11 nm, close to the resolution limit of 0.098 nm from resolvable diffraction limit. MOF MIL‐101 is characterized under an even lower e‐beam 0.2 pA to avoid severe beam damage. High‐quality annular dark and bright field images are obtained, which proves the wide applicability of this method on more e‐beam sensitive materials.
Management of diuretics in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia discharged on home oxygen
Authors: Dawson Sara K. , D'Andrea Lynn A. , Lagatta Joanne M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundInfants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are often prescribed diuretics before the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge. It is unknown whether outpatient medication weaning strategies affect the duration of home oxygen therapy.MethodsThis was a secondary cohort analysis of infants born <32 weeks gestational age with BPD from 2015 to 2018 discharged from our NICU or regional NICUs, referred to our pulmonary clinic for home oxygen management. We compared three groups: those discharged with no diuretics, diuretics actively weaned (dose decreased), and diuretics passively weaned (dose not adjusted).ResultsOut of 125 infants, 116 were included in the analysis. Forty‐five infants were discharged without diuretics, 52 infants were discharged with diuretics that were actively weaned, and 19 infants were discharged with diuretics that were passively weaned. Infants who were passively weaned spent the most time on home oxygen (median 28 weeks, interquartile range [IQR] 16–52; p = 0.011); there were no differences in home oxygen duration in infants actively weaned (median 13 weeks, IQR 10–26) versus not on diuretics (median 22 weeks, IQR 12–30, p = 0.285). Multivariable adjustment for other illness characteristics associated with the duration of home oxygen did not change this finding.ConclusionsActive weaning of diuretics did not prolong the duration of home oxygen, in the setting of a standardized clinical guideline for weaning home oxygen in infants with BPD. These data can serve as baseline information to implement and test standardized strategies for outpatient medication management.
Adaptive fuzzy leader‐follower consensus control using sliding mode mechanism for a class of high‐order unknown nonlinear dynamic multi‐agent systems
Authors: Wen Guoxing , Dou Hui , Li Bin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, a distributed leader‐follower consensus approach is developed for a class of high‐order unknown nonlinear dynamic multi‐agent systems (MASs). Because every agent of the MAS contains multiple state variables, the existing consensus methods are not completely applicable for it. In order to find the qualified consensus protocol for this high‐order MAS, sliding mode mechanism can be naturally considered for designing the consensus control because it can manage multiple state variables with the help of a constructed hyperplane. To this consensus control design, the sliding mode term is composed of all tracking error variables. Since the method does not require the switching control term around sliding surface, it can avoid the chattering phenomenon, which exits in most of the published sliding mode controls (SMCs). Furthermore, to handle the unknown nonlinear dynamic problem, the adaptive approximation strategy is implemented by employing fuzzy logic system (FLS). In the light of Lyapunov stability analysis, it is demonstrated that the proposed control approach can accomplish the consensus tasks. Finally, a numerical example is implemented to further show the desired results.
Practical prescribed time control for state constrained systems with event‐triggered strategy: Settling time regulator‐based approach
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Jing , Zhang Zhongcai , Wu Yuqiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, the practical prescribed time tracking problem based on event‐triggered control is studied for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems subject to asymmetric state constraints. We design a settling time regulator to get a performance function. Using this function, an event‐triggered adaptive control method is put forward for acquiring specified tracking precision in the prescribed time. Then, the asymmetric state constraints are handled by introducing a novel nonlinear state‐dependent function. In combination with backstepping technique, we construct a coordinate transformation to convert the original state‐constrained space into free space. Besides, a dynamic surface control is proposed to eliminate the demanding feasibility conditions on virtual controllers. The communication between controller and actuator is reduced by adopting the appropriate event‐triggered strategy. Moreover, it is indicated that, without altering the control structure, not only the settling time and tracking precision can be selected by the user but also asymmetric state constraints are satisfied. Simulation examples confirm the effectiveness of the presented control scheme.
Examining Different Regimes of Ionization‐Induced Damage in GaN Through Atomistic Simulations
Authors: Sequeira Miguel C. , Djurabekova Flyura , Nordlund Kai , Mattei Jean‐Gabriel , Monnet Isabelle , Grygiel Clara , Alves Eduardo , Lorenz Katharina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe widespread adoption of gGaN in radiation‐hard semiconductor devices relies on a comprehensive understanding of its response to strongly ionizing radiation. Despite being widely acclaimed for its high radiation resistance, the exact effects induced by ionization are still hard to predict due to the complex phase‐transition diagrams and defect creation‐annihilation dynamics associated with group‐III nitrides. Here, the Two‐Temperature Model, Molecular Dynamics simulations and Transmission Electron Microscopy, are employed to study the interaction of Swift Heavy Ions with GaN at the atomic level. The simulations reveal a high propensity of GaN to recrystallize the region melted by the impinging ion leading to high thresholds for permanent track formation. Although the effect exists in all studied electronic energy loss regimes, its efficiency is reduced with increasing electronic energy loss, in particular when there is dissociation of the material and subsequent formation of N2 bubbles. The recrystallization is also hampered near the surface where voids and pits are prominent. The exceptional agreement between the simulated and experimental results establishes the applicability of the model to examine the entire electronic energy loss spectrum. Furthermore, the model supports an empirical relation between the interaction cross sections (namely for melting and amorphization) and the electronic energy loss.
Simultaneous Regulation of Solvation Shell and Oriented Deposition toward a Highly Reversible Fe Anode for All‐Iron Flow Batteries
Authors: Song Yuxi , Yan Hui , Hao Huanhuan , Liu Zihe , Yan Chuanwei , Tang Ao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost all‐iron hybrid redox flow batteries (RFBs) presents a practical alternative to the high‐cost all‐vanadium RFBs and is deemed vital for grid‐scale energy storage applications. However, the intrinsically poor Fe anode reversibility associated with the deposition and dissolution of metallic iron greatly limits the cycling performance and long‐term stability of all‐iron hybrid RFBs. Herein, a highly reversible and dendrite‐free Fe anode is reported for all‐iron RFBs through regulation of polar solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on FeCl2 anolyte, which simultaneously reshapes Fe2+ solvation structure and induces controllable oriented Fe deposition. Combining both experimental and theoretical analyses, the polar DMSO additives prove effective in replacing H2O molecule from the primary solvation shell of Fe2+ cation via the Fe2+‐O (DMSO) bond and meanwhile induces a fine‐grained Fe nucleation on the preferred Fe (110) plane, which are responsible for the minimized hydrogen evolution and dendrite‐free Fe deposition that significantly enhance Fe anode reversibility. The all‐iron RFB based on the proposed FeCl2‐DMSO anolyte demonstrates an excellent combination of peak power density of 134 mW cm−2, high energy efficiency of 75% at 30 mA cm−2, and high capacity retention of 98.6% over 200 cycles, which presents the best performance of all‐iron RFBs among previously reported research.
Facet Control of Nickel Nitride Nano‐Framework for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis via Auxiliary Cooling Assisted Plasma Engineering
Authors: Ouyang Bo , Zhang Yongqi , Wang Xi , Deng Yilin , Liu Feng , Fang Zhi , Rawat Rajdeep Singh , Kan Erjun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe precise facet modulation of transition metal nitrides (TMNs) has been regarded as an essential issue in boosting electrocatalytic H2 production. Compared to thermal nitridation, the plasma technique serves as a favorable alternative to directly achieve TMNs, but the apparent surface heating effect during plasma treatment inevitably causes the thermally stabilized nitride formation, resulting in the deterioration of the highly reactive facet. To optimize the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) behavior, an auxiliary cooling assisted plasma system to selectively expose Ni3N (2‐10) with favorable activity by controlling surface heating during plasma nitridation is designed. The resultant nickel nitride (cp‐Ni3N) nano‐framework delivers exceptional catalytic performance, evidenced by its low overpotential of 58 and 188 mV at the current density of 10 and 100 mA cm−2 for HER, in stark comparison with that of normal plasma and thermally fabricated Ni3N. Operando plasma diagnostics along with numerical simulation further confirm the effect of surface heating on typical plasma parameters as well as the Ni3N nanostructure, indicating the key factor responsible for the high‐performance nitride electrocatalyst.
Heterostructured α‐Fe2O3@ZnO@ZIF‐8 Core–Shell Nanowires for a Highly Selective MEMS‐Based ppb‐Level H2S Gas Sensor System
Authors: Zhu Li‐Yuan , Miao Xiao‐Yong , Ou Lang‐Xi , Mao Li‐Wen , Yuan Kaiping , Sun Shuhui , Devi Anjana , Lu Hong‐Liang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHighly selective and sensitive H2S sensors are in high demand in various fields closely related to human life. However, metal oxide semiconductors (MOSs) suffer from poor selectivity and single MOS@metal organic framework (MOF) core–shell nanocomposites are greatly limited due to the intrinsic low sensitivity of MOF shells. To simultaneously improve both selectivity and sensitivity, heterostructured α‐Fe2O3@ZnO@ZIF‐8 core–shell nanowires (NWs) are meticulously synthesized with the assistance of atomic layer deposition. The ZIF‐8 shell with regular pores and special surface functional groups is attractive for excellent selectivity and the heterostructured α‐Fe2O3@ZnO core with an additional electron depletion layer is promising with enhanced sensitivity compared to a single MOS core. As a result, the heterostructured α‐Fe2O3@ZnO@ZIF‐8 core–shell NWs achieve remarkable H2S sensing performance with a high response (Rair/Rgas = 32.2 to 10 ppm H2S), superior selectivity, fast response/recovery speed (18.0/31.8 s), excellent long‐term stability (at least over 3 months), and relatively low limit of detection (down to 200 ppb) at low operating temperature of 200 °C, far beyond α‐Fe2O3@ZIF‐8 or α‐Fe2O3@ZnO core–shell NWs. Furthermore, a micro‐electromechanical system‐based H2S gas sensor system with low power consumption is developed, holding great application potential in smart cities.
Recent Developments of Microscopic Study for Lanthanide and Manganese Doped Luminescent Materials
Authors: Zhang Yang , Yang Xuewei , Zhao Shu‐Na , Zhai Yalong , Pang Xinchang , Lin Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLuminescent materials are indispensable for applications in lighting, displays and photovoltaics, which can transfer, absorb, store and utilize light energy. Their performance is closely related with their size and morphologies, exact atomic arrangement, and local configuration about photofunctional centers. Advanced electron microscopy‐based techniques have enabled the possibility to study nanostructures with atomic resolution. Especially, with the advanced micro‐electro‐mechanical systems, it is able to characterize the luminescent materials at the atomic scale under various environments, providing a deep understanding of the luminescent mechanism. Accordingly, this review summarizes the recent achievements of microscopic study to directly image the microstructure and local environment of activators in lanthanide and manganese (Ln/Mn2+)‐doped luminescent materials, including: 1) bulk materials, the typical systems are nitride/oxynitride phosphors; and 2) nanomaterials, such as nanocrystals (hexagonal‐phase NaLnF4 and perovskite) and 2D nanosheets (Ca2Ta3O10 and MoS2). Finally, the challenges and limitations are highlighted, and some possible solutions to facilitate the developments of advanced luminescent materials are provided.
Nickel‐Doped Carbon Dots as an Efficient and Stable Electrocatalyst for Urea Oxidation
Authors: Zhu Zhiwei , Ge Kangkang , Li Zijian , Hu Jun , Chen Ping , Bi Hong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUrea is a typical contaminant present in wastewater which may cause severe environmental problems. Electrochemical catalytic oxidation of urea has emerged as an efficient approach to solve this problem. Nevertheless, the current nickel‐based catalysts (e.g., nickel hydroxide/sulfides) feature a high metal content. It not only lowers the utilization efficiency of nickel but also causes secondary pollution to the environment. Here, nickel‐doped carbon dots (Ni‐CDs) with an excellent and stable catalytic activity for the electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) are reported. Specifically, carbon dots (CDs) with abundant functional groups are synthesized by a one‐pot hydrothermal method and then Ni‐CDs with a very low metal content (1.1 at%) are prepared. The Ni2+ sites by coordination with carboxylic groups on the CDs provide excellent electrocatalytic activity and excellent durability for the UOR, as demonstrated by an anodic current density of 100 mA cm−2 at a potential of 1.38 V (vs RHE) and similar experimental results in practical application. To the best of knowledge, this is the first report of CDs‐based materials applied for the UOR, which opens an important new area of applicability for CDs as well as broadens the scope of the materials for electrochemical catalysis of urea.
Binary trinuclear metal‐oxo sub‐nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen and chlorine production from seawater
Authors: Wang Yang , Shi Litong , Hu Haijun , Qian Bingzhi , Hou Wei , Li Hui , Liu Xue , Liu Daliang , Wu Shuyao , Huang Hongwei , Song Xi‐Ming , Zhang Yu , Ma Tianyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOwing to the need for regenerant and self‐reduction problem, the hydrogen performance of sub‐nano‐sized trinuclear iron‐oxo complexes is still far from satisfied with affordability and practicality. Herein, two binary photocatalytic systems based on trinuclear metal‐oxo complexes have been first constructed and experimentally confirmed to be competent for seawater hydrogen evolution (715.4 and 271.9 μmol of hydrogen can be found, respectively, after 48 h). Notably, chloride ions act as the hole catcher and move into the gas phase in the stable form of chlorine. Similar to heterogeneous structures, homogeneous systems not only enhance the hydrogen performance while ensuring the stability of metal‐oxo complexes, but also shorten the consumption of photogenerated carriers by dissolved impurities in the seawater. This new attempt of building pluralistic sub‐nanometric systems may offer novel design strategies with noble‐metal‐free catalysts and low‐cost candidates for traditional semiconductor materials in enhancing photocatalytic efficiency and performing chlorine evolution from seawater splitting.
One Health responses to prevent the occurrence of rabies due to attacks by a rabid stray dog
Authors: Wei Yuehong , Li Dapeng , Yang Zhicong , Chen Kuncai , Pan Xinhong , Xu Jianmin , Chen Shouyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe number of human rabies cases caused by pet dogs in Guangzhou has been decreasing after years of comprehensive interventions. Consequently, attacks by stray dogs become a major issue in rabies control.ObjectivesTo share our experience of successfully dealing with rabies to provide some inspiration for prevention and control in countries and regions affected by it.MethodsA multidisciplinary One Health response was initiated to control this outbreak. Rabies virus was detected by PCR in the brain tissue of the associated stray dog. The sequences were aligned with reference sequences downloaded from GenBank using ClustalX. The maximum likelihood method implemented in MEGA 5.0 software package was used in a phylogenetic analysis of the aligned sequences.ResultsTwelve patients with exposure to the stray dog were identified in the field investigation. Rabies vaccines and immunoglobulin were administered to all patients within 48 h. After 1 year of follow‐up, no exposed patients showed symptoms. Maximum likelihood analysis of the nucleotide sequences obtained from the PCR products indicated that the rabies virus in the dog was closely related to isolates from neighbouring provinces of Guangdong as well as those from surrounding countries of China.ConclusionsMultidisciplinary One Health intervention is effective not only in the control of rabies but also in rapid emergency responses to attacks by rabid stray dogs.
Bayes Factor for Evaluative Purposes
Authors: Bozza Silvia , Taroni Franco , Biedermann Alex 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents and discusses the use of the Bayes factor for the evaluation of scientific evidence in the form of discrete, continuous and continuous multivariate data. The latter may present a complex dependence structure that will be handled by means of multilevel models. The notion of “evaluative purpose” is understood here as referring to situations in which material of known source (control material) and evidential material of unknown source (recovered or questioned material) is collected and analyzed. The purpose is to evaluate the effect of the output of the examinations, in the form of scores or measurements of features, on the odds in favor of a proposition put forward by the prosecution, compared to an alternative proposition advanced by the defence. A discussion is included of the sensitivity of the described Bayes factor procedures to changes in the features of recovered and control materials, the available background information, as well as to choices made during probabilistic modelling and prior elicitation.
Einleitung: Wie aus Daten Wert entsteht – Datenwirtschaft und Datentechnologie
Authors: Rohde Marieke , Bürger Matthias , Peneva Kristina , Mock Johannes 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDerzeit wachsen im Zuge der Digitalisierung und durch das Aufkommen neuer Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien die Datenbestände weltweit exponentiell an. Diese Daten erlangen eine immer wichtigere Rolle als Wirtschaftsgut. Als Grundlage neuer Dienstleistungen und Produkte stellen sie die zentrale Ressource der Datenwirtschaft dar. Jedoch wird das in ihnen liegende Wertschöpfungspotenzial momentan nicht vollständig gehoben. Grund hierfür sind Herausforderungen bei der Entwicklung und Vermarktung. Sie stellen ein Hemmnis für Unternehmen dar, um datenbasierte Wertschöpfungsmodelle umzusetzen und somit aktiv an der Datenwirtschaft teilzunehmen. Der vorliegende Sammelband greift solche Herausforderungen entlang der vier Felder Ökonomie, Recht, Informationssicherheit sowie Akzeptanz auf, analysiert sie und bietet praxiserprobte Lösungsansätze an. Dabei wird der Fokus auf besonders grundlegende Aspekte der Datenwirtschaft wie die Datenhaltung, das Datenteilen und die Datenverarbeitung gerichtet. Er adressiert Leserinnen und Leser aus Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft und soll dabei helfen Datenwertschöpfungsprojekte in Unternehmen und Forschung erfolgreich umzusetzen.