bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reaching adolescents with health services: systematic development of an adolescent health check-ups programme in Ghana (Y-Check, Ghana)
Authors: Weobong Benedict , Glozah Franklin N , Abdulai Hannah B T , Koka Eric , Addae Nancy , Alor Stanley , Kohl Kid , Banati Prerna , Adongo Philip B , Ross David A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Routine health check-ups may improve adolescent health, but global guidelines are lacking. Phase 1 of the WHO-coordinated Y-Check Research Programme involved three African cities (Chitungwiza - Zimbabwe, Mwanza - Tanzania, Cape Coast - Ghana) to co-produce a programme of adolescent health check-ups. In this article, we describe a systematic approach to developing a routine adolescent health check-ups programme (Y-Check) to contribute evidence on whether adolescent health check-ups should be part of routine health services in Ghana.Methods: Y-Check Phase 1 was conducted in four communities in Cape Coast Ghana, over two stages using a variety of methods: (a) needs assessment and landscape analysis on the health of adolescents (existing policies/programmes, school system, adolescent health conditions) was conducted through desk-review and interviews with key informants to identify the potential content, delivery strategy and settings for adolescent health check-ups in this context; (b) co-designing the Y-Check intervention framework through person-centred participatory workshops and a consensus-building workshop with multiple stakeholders, including adolescents and their parents. The study was conducted between August 2019 and October 2020.Results: The formulated Y-Check health promotion intervention in Ghana consists of two check-ups with content that is tailored to the needs of younger adolescents (10-14 years) and older adolescents (15-19 years); delivered at both school and community settings by a team of trained staff (youth researcher, medical laboratory scientist, and nurses/clinicians) in multiple steps involving up to four stations (registration and screening questionnaire, physical examination, laboratory examination, and clinical assessment). Y-Check includes a referral system for adolescents with any problems that cannot be investigated or treated on-the-spot.Conclusions: Our systematic approach to co-producing Y-Check has resulted in an intervention whose content and structure is determined by the local context, and which was adjudged by multiple stakeholders to be likely to be both useful and acceptable, and which builds on best practice. As a logical next step, the Y-Check intervention will be subjected to pilot testing and implementation research to rigorously evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, coverage, yield of previously undiagnosed conditions and cost of these health check-ups for adolescents aged 10 years to 19 years.
Tuberculosis treatment adherence in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Lippincott Christopher , Perry Allison , Munk Elizabeth , Maltas Gina , Shah Maunank 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUNDIn-person directly observed therapy (DOT) is commonly used for tuberculosis (TB) treatment monitoring in the US, with increasing usage of video-DOT (vDOT). We evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on TB treatment adherence, and utilization and effectiveness of vDOT.METHODSWe abstracted routinely collected data on individuals treated for TB disease in Baltimore, Maryland between April 2019 and April 2021. Our primary outcomes were to assess vDOT utilization and treatment adherence, defined as the proportion of prescribed doses (7 days/week) verified by observation (in-person versus video-DOT), comparing individuals in the pre- and post-COVID (April 2020) periods.RESULTSAmong 52 individuals with TB disease, 24 (46%) received treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. vDOT utilization significantly increased post-COVID (18/24[75%]) compared to pre-COVID (12/28[43%], p=0.02). Overall, median verified adherence was similar pre- and post-COVID (65% versus 68%, respectively, p=0.96). Adherence was significantly higher overall when using vDOT (median 86% [IQR 70-98%]) compared to DOT (median 59% [IQR 55%-64%], p<0.01); this improved adherence with vDOT was evident in both the pre-COVID (median 98% vs 58%, p<0.01) and post-COVID period (median 80% vs 62%, p=0.01). CONCLUSION vDOT utilization increased post-COVID and was more effective than in-person DOT at verifying ingestion of prescribed treatment.
Comparative transcription profiling of mRNA and lncRNA in pulmonary arterial hypertension after C75 treatment
Authors: Hou Cuilan , Xie Lijian , Wang Tingxia , zheng Junmin , Zhao Yuqi , Qiu Qingzhu , Yang Yi , Xiao Tingting 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate mRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles in monocrotaline (MCT)- mice.Materials and Methods: Lung tissues (Control-Vehicle, MCT-Vehicle, and MCT-C75) were examined by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Aberrantly expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs were analysed by bioinformatics. Cell proliferation and cell cycle analysis were performed to detect the potential protective effects of C75, an inhibitor of fatty acid synthase. The signal pathways associated with inflammatory responses were verified by RT-PCR.Results: RNA sequencing data reveals 285 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 147 lncRNAs in the MCT-Vehicle group compared to the control group. After five-week of C75 treatment, 514 DEGs and 84 lncRNAs are aberrant compared to the MCT-Vehicle group. Analysis of DEGs and lncRNA target genes reveals that they were enriched in pathways related to cell cycle, cell division, and vascular smooth muscle contraction that contributes to the PAH pathological process. Subsequently, the expression of eight DEGs and three lncRNAs is verified using RT-PCR. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (ENSMUSG00000110393.2, Gm38850, ENSMUSG00000100465.1, ENSMUSG00000110399.1) may associate in PAH pathogenesis as suggested by co-expression network analysis. C75 can protect against MCT-induced PAH through its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferation.Conclusions: These DEGs and lncRNAs can be considered as novel candidate regulators of PAH pathogenesis. We propose that C75 treatment can partially reverse PAH pathogenesis through modulating cell cycle, cell proliferation, and anti-inflammatory.
Intestinal malrotation in a female newborn affected by Osteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis due to a de novo heterozygous nonsense mutation of the AMER1 gene
Authors: Serra Gregorio , Antona Vincenzo , Pace Maria Rita Di , Giuffrè Mario , Morgante Giusy , Piro Ettore , Pirrello Roberto , Salerno Sergio , Schierz Ingrid Anne Mandy , Verde Vincenzo , Corsello Giovanni 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundOsteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis (OS-CS), also known as Horan-Beighton Syndrome, is a rare genetic disease, with about 90 cases reported to date. It is associated to mutations (heterozygous for female subjects, and hemizygous for males) of the AMER1 gene, located at Xq11.2, and shows an X-linked pattern of transmission. Typical clinical manifestations include macrocephaly, dysmorphic facial features (frontal bossing, epicanthal folds, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, orofacial cleft, prominent jaw), hearing loss and developmental delay. Males have more severe phenotype and multiorgan malformations, and rarely survive. Diagnostic suspicion is based on clinical signs in addition to radiographic findings of cranial and long bones sclerosis and metaphyseal striations, and confirmed by genetic testing.Case presentationHereby, we report on a female newborn with frontal and parietal bossing, narrow bitemporal diameter, dysplastic, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, microretrognathia, cleft palate, and rhizomelic shortening of lower limbs. Postnatally, she manifested feeding intolerance, with biliary vomiting and abdominal distension. Therefore, in the suspicion of bowel obstruction, she underwent surgery, which evidenced and corrected an intestinal malrotation. Limbs X-ray and skull computed tomography investigations did not show cranial sclerosis and/or metaphyseal striations. Array-CGH analysis revealed normal findings. Then, a target next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis, including the genes involved in skeletal dysplasias, was performed and revealed a de novo heterozygous nonsense mutation of the AMER1 gene. The patient was discharged at 2 months of age, and included in a multidisciplinary follow-up. She currently is 9 months old, and shows growth and developmental delay. The surgical correction of cleft palate is presently planned.ConclusionsOur report shows the uncommon association of intestinal malrotation in a female newborn with OS-CS. It highlights how neonatologists have to consider such diagnosis, also if cranial sclerosis and long bones striations are absent, as they usually appear over time. Other syndromes with craniosynostosis and skeletal dysplasia must be included in the differential diagnosis. Phenotypic spectrum is wide and variable in both genders, and females, for variable X-inactivation, may also show severe and early-onset clinical pictures. A multidisciplinary management and careful, early and long-term follow-up should be guaranteed to these patients, aimed at promptly identifying associated morbidities, and preventing possible complications and adverse outcomes.
Henoch-Schönlein purpura following COVID-19 vaccine in a child: a case report
Authors: Casini Francesca , Magenes Vittoria Carlotta , De Sanctis Marina , Gattinara Maurizio , Pandolfi Marco , Cambiaghi Stefano , Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo , Fabiano Valentina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHenoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is an IgA-mediated small vessel vasculitis, typical of childhood. It’s a self-limiting disease and it affects different systems. HSP is characterized by dermatological, abdominal, joint and renal clinical manifestations. This condition usually occurs upon infections, mainly upper respiratory tract ones, medications, vaccinations and malignancies. Case presentationWe describe the case of a 11 year-old girl who developed a urticarial rash 12 days after the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech BNT16B2b2 mRNA vaccine and a clear picture of Henoch Schönlein purpura 5 days after administration of the second dose of the same vaccine.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first description of a pediatric patient with Henoch-Schönlein purpura occurring in association with vaccination against COVID-19.
Adapting and validating the Longer-term Unmet Needs after Stroke (LUNS) monitoring tool to assess the unmet post-stroke care needs in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wellappuli Nalinda Tharanga , Perera Hettiarachchige Subashini Rasanja , Kasthuriratne Gunendrika , Chang Thashi , Gunawardena Nalika Sepali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundGlobally, stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity which leaves significant disabilities among survivors. Unmet needs are defined as expressed needs that are not fulfilled by services provided and is considered an important indicator of adequacy and quality of stroke follow-up care. This study aimed to culturally adapt, modify, translate and validate, the Longer-term Unmet Needs after Stroke (LUNS) monitoring tool, in view of assessing unmet needs among Sri Lankan stroke survivors. Methods We followed a phased approach to culturally adapt, translate, establish its factorial validity and to evaluate the convergent and divergent validity, reliability, and overall acceptability. The process to culturally adapt the tool was carried out using a modified Delphi technique. The modified tool was translated to Sinhala and was pretested among 10 stroke survivors. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 119 stroke survivors to establish the factorial validity and convergent and discriminant validity using the GHQ-12 and Barthel Index. Results Two round of iterations conducted, and 5 items of LUNS tool were removed, and 5 items were modified in the process of cultural adaptation. Three new items were added based on expert recommendation. The culturally adapted and translated tool was pretested among 10 stroke survivors. 119 stroke survivors participated in the study to establish factorial validity. Communalities were assessed for 21 items and 2 items were dropped due to communality values < 0.5 level. Factor structure was confirmed with varimax and oblique rotations. In assessing the convergent and discriminant validity, test results revealed that both GHQ 12 and Barthel Index significantly correlated as expected with unmet needs. The results of the Cronbach’s alpha showed that all the factors were acceptably high confirming the reliability of the tool. ConclusionsThe Sinhala version of LUNS monitoring tool is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the unmet needs among stroke survivors. Assessment of unmet needs will add new insight into evaluation of the quantity, quality, and effectiveness of healthcare interventions received by stroke survivors in Sri Lanka.
Gravity and magnetic anomalies of earthquake-prone areas in the southwestern Ulleung Basin margin, East Sea (Sea of Japan)
Authors: Kim Chang Hwan , Kim Kwang Hee , Choi Soon Young , Kim Won Hyuck , Choi Hyun Ok , Park Chan Hong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Submarine earthquakes have increased in the southwestern Ulleung Basin adjacent to the Korean Peninsula. This study analyzed the gravitational and magnetic properties of the three earthquake-prone areas (Hupo Bank and offshore regions near Pohang and Ulsan) in the basin. The basin was affected by tensile and compressive stresses during the formation of the East Sea. The southern Hupo Bank and the Pohang offshore exhibited high gravity anomalies and strong magnetic anomalies. Hupo Bank was separated from the peninsula and earthquakes in this region have been influenced by crustal fractures that facilitated igneous activities during the formation of the basin. Dense volcanic rocks and seaward dipping reflectors along the Pohang coast and continental slope suggest magmatic activities during the formation of the East Sea. Comparatively, the Ulsan offshore, with a thick sedimentary layer, exhibited a slightly higher gravity anomaly than the surrounding area, but no significant differences in the magnetic anomaly. Sequential tensile and compressive stresses related to the creation of the basin produced complex tectonic structures in this region. The magnetic tilt derivative results suggest that earthquakes were located near magnetic source boundaries. The results show that it is important to monitor earthquake-prone areas with gravity and magnetic anomalies.
Erring on the side of caution: People misperceive energy consumption metrics more when energy goals are not achieved
Authors: Holford Dawn , Jolles Daniel , Juanchich Marie , Buchanan Kathryn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tackling the energy crisis will require a concerted effort to reduce energy consumption. Setting energy goals to meet could help people to adjust their energy consumption. However, people will struggle to know how well they are doing with respect to the goal unless they receive meaningful energy feedback that they are able to interpret consistently and accurately—which energy displays may not support. In this paper, we report four experiments (total n = 2086) that showed participants systematically misperceived the same fixed energy quantity shown on a visual analogue gauge depending on whether they were achieving or not achieving their energy goal and whether the energy display used kilowatts, currency, or carbon dioxide emission units. We found that participants tended to provide underestimates of quantities—whether these are amounts of energy consumed or saved—and they were extra cautious with estimations when the display signalled that they were performing poorly.
Maternal employment and childhood malnutrition in Ecuador
Authors: Andrade José Carlos , Gil Joan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: This paper estimates the causal impact of maternal employment on several childhood malnutrition outcomes in Ecuador, to understand the trade-off between the time mothers devote to work and child-caring activities.Methods: We use exogenous regional variation in maternal labour market conditions to account for the potential endogeneity of mothers’ employment. The analysis employs the Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018 and the Living Conditions Survey 2014.Results: The instrumental variable estimations indicated that maternal employment increases the probability of having stunted children by between 4.3 and 18.2 percent, while no significant effect was found on children suffering from wasting, underweight or overweight. We found that children with more educated, richer mothers appeared to be the most negatively affected. Inconclusive effects by mother’s overweight status were reported. The results were robust to several robustness checks.Conclusions: Overall our findings suggest that the maternal time devoted to childcare and feeding activities is far more important for children’s health than the additional income that a working mother may obtain and this is even stronger for children from more affluent and educated mothers. These results are aligned with other evidence pointing out to the need of eliminating the administrative and policy downsides of the government programs for achieving a national strategy to combat children malnutrition in Ecuador.JEL classification: I15, J22, C21
Proposed Methodology for Risk Assessment of Buildings in Low-to-Moderate Seismic zones in India.
Authors: Pammi vyas Raghu Nandan , Prakke Bharat , Velani Pulkit Dilip , Supriya Yerramsetty Lakshmi , Kumar R. Pradeep , Gupta Sushil 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The current seismic zonation of India is based on limited earthquake data, and hence significant revisions are anticipated in the near future. Once revised, existing region-specific risk, calculated as a combination of Hazard (H), Vulnerability (V), and Exposure (E), need to be upgraded, rendering the previous risk metrics derived outdated. The current work proposes a methodology for developing fragility functions derived from field-based detailed qualitative assessment, i.e., Earthquake Disaster Risk Index (EDRI). The methodology introduces a term hazard factor, a function of the seismic zone, soil type, and spectral amplification embedded into fragility functions. The hazard factor is incremented, and the probability of exceedance of EDRI in each damage state, i.e., slight, moderate, severe, and collapse, is evaluated. To reinforce the results, fragility functions are developed by employing the capacity spectrum method, a detailed quantitative assessment. Finally, hybrid vulnerability functions for low to moderate seismic zones are proposed.
Effect of a nurse-led structured home visit program on quality of life and adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients: a quasi-experimental research
Authors: Pooresmaeil M , Iranpour S , Aghamohammadi M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The increasing number of patients with renal failure requiring hemodialysis has increased the importance of paying attention to the quality of life and adherence to treatment in this group of patients. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of a nurse-led structured home visit program on quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Methods
The present study was a quasi-experimental research in which 62 hemodialysis patients referred to medical centers in Ardabil participated in two groups of intervention (n = 31) and control (n = 31). Data collection tools were demographic information form and quality of life for kidney patients (KDQOL– SFTM1/ 3) and adherence to treatment (ESRD_AQ) questionnaires, which were completed by patients before and the end of the first month, second month, and third month of intervention. SPSS software and descriptive and analytical tests (independent t-test, chi-square, and paired t-test) were used for data analysis.
Results
The results showed a significant increase in the mean scores of quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients undergoing home visits compared to before the intervention (P < 0.05). However, no significant change was observed in the mean scores of quality of life and adherence to treatment in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
According to the significant improvement in quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients following a home visit program during three months, these interventions can be employed to improve quality of life and adherence to treatment of patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Trial registration:
Trial registration: IRCT20210614051575N1. Registered 2021-09-30.
Evaluating renal iron overload in diabetes mellitus by blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging: a longitudinal experimental study
Authors: Geng Weiwei , Pan Liang , Shen Liwen , Sha Yuanyuan , Sun Jun , Yu Shengnan , Qiu Jianguo , Xing Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Iron overload plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Non-invasive evaluation of renal iron overload in diabetes in the management and intervention of diabetic nephropathy is of great significance. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating renal iron overload in diabetes using a rabbit model.
Methods
The rabbits were randomly divided into control (C), iron-overload (I), diabetes (D), and diabetes with iron-overload (DI) groups (each n = 19). The diabetes models were generated by injecting intravenous alloxan solution, and the iron-overload models were generated by injecting intramuscular iron-dextran. BOLD MRI was performed immediately (week 0) and at week 4, 8, and 12 following modeling. The differences in renal cortex (CR2*) and outer medulla R2* (MR2*) and the ratio of MR2* to CR2* (MCR) across the different time points were compared.
Results
Iron was first deposited in glomeruli in the I group and in proximal tubular cells in renal cortex in the D group. In the DI group, there was iron deposition in both glomeruli and proximal tubular cells at week 4, and the accumulation increased subsequently. The degree of kidney injury and iron overload was more severe in the DI group than those in the I and D groups at week 12. At week 8 and 12, the CR2* and MR2* in the DI group were higher than those in the I and D groups (all P < 0.05). The MCR in the I, D, and DI groups decreased from week 0 to 4 (all P < 0.001), and that in the I group increased from week 8 to 12 (P = 0.034). CR2* and MR2* values displayed different trends from week 0 to 12. Dynamic MCR curves in the D and DI groups were different from that in the I group.
Conclusion
It presents interactions between diabetes and iron overload in kidney injury, and BOLD MRI can be used to evaluate renal iron overload in diabetes.