bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nature and role of informal resilience practices in the performance of lean production systems
Authors: Gayer Bruna Dones , Saurin Tarcisio Abreu , Anzanello Michel 
Published: May 2022

PurposeResilience in lean production systems (LPSs) relies on both formal and informal practices. Considering that these latter are relatively less explored, this paper describes the nature and role of informal resilience practices in the performance of LPSs.Design/methodology/approachA survey was devised to assess the use of 12 informal practices related to resilience. The survey was answered by 206 respondents from high and low lean adopters in Brazil, focusing on their internal operations. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the impact of those practices on operational performance. Six respondents were approached on follow-up interviews, offering examples of informal resilience in LPSs.FindingsBoth high and low lean adopters used informal resilience practices to a similar extent, and they were not detrimental to high lean adopters. These practices had no moderating effect on the relationship between the level of leanness and the operational performance of high lean adopters.Research limitations/implicationsThis study did not capture how the contribution of informal resilience practices changed over time within the same company.Practical implicationsAs the informal resilience practices are not necessarily consonant with lean principles, their use and rationale should be made explicit to workers and managers in LPSs. Moreover, lean assessments might be more credible if paying heed to the informal ways of implementing lean practices.Originality/valueThis is the first study that investigates the role of informal resilience practices in LPSs.
A constitutive model for cyclic densification of coarse-grained soil filler for the high-speed railway subgrade considering particle breakage
Authors: Ye Yangsheng , Cai Degou , Geng Lin , Yan Hongye , Yao Junkai , Chen Feng 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis study aims to propose a semiempirical and semitheoretical cyclic compaction constitutive model of coarse-grained soil filler for the high-speed railway (HSR) subgrade under cyclic load.Design/methodology/approachAccording to the basic framework of critical state soil mechanics and in view of the characteristics of the coarse-grained soil filler for the HSR subgrade to bear the train vibration load repeatedly for a long time, the hyperbolic empirical relationship between particle breakage and plastic work was derived. Considering the influence of cyclic vibration time and stress ratio, the particle breakage correction function of coarse-grained soil filler for the HSR subgrade under cyclic load was proposed. According to the classical theory of plastic mechanics, the shearing dilatation equation of the coarse-grained soil filler for the HSR subgrade considering particle breakage was modified and obtained. A semiempirical and semitheoretical cyclic compaction constitutive model of coarse-grained soil filler for the HSR subgrade under cyclic load was further established. The backward Euler method was used to discretize the constitutive equation, build a numerical algorithm of “elastic prediction and plastic modification” and make a secondary development of the program to solve the cyclic compaction model.FindingsThrough the comparison with the result of laboratory triaxial test under the cyclic loading of coarse-grained soil filler for the HSR subgrade, the accuracy and applicability of the cyclic compaction model were verified. Results show that the model can accurately predict the cumulative deformation characteristics of coarse-grained soil filler for the HSR subgrade under the train vibration loading repeatedly for a long time. It considers the effects of particle breakage and stress ratio, which can be used to calculate and analyze the stress and deformation evolution law of the subgrade structure for HSR.Originality/valueThe research can provide a simple and practical method for calculating deformation of railway under cyclic loading.
Commentary on “Developing a logic model for implementing citizen advocacy for adults with learning disabilities based on the experience of community inclusion centres for disabled people”
Authors: Clifton Matt , Chapman Steve 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This commentary reflects on peer advocacy in relation to citizen advocacy in the context of the vital need for advocacy in all its different forms.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors reflect from the standpoint of developing peer advocacy in secure mental health settings as an organisation based on self-advocacy and co-production.

Findings
By reflecting on peer advocacy and citizen advocacy side by side, the authors affirm both and all kinds of advocacy as being vital to people with learning disabilities living full and free lives as citizens.

Originality/value
The authors hope this commentary will enrich people’s understandings of the essential role of peer advocacy within different kinds of advocacy, and the need to enlarge the range of possibilities and choices open to a person.
Competition in search markets with naive consumers
Authors: Gamp Tobias , Krähmer Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe study a search market where firms may design products of inferior quality to promote them to naive consumers who misjudge product characteristics. We derive an equilibrium in which superior and inferior quality co‐exist and show that as search frictions vanish, the share of superior goods goes to zero. The presence of inferior products harms sophisticated consumers, as it forces them to search longer for superior quality. Policy interventions that reduce search frictions such as the standardization of product information may harm welfare. In contrast, educating naive consumers as well as a minimum quality standard can improve welfare.
Integration of human inspection and artificial intelligence‐based morphological typing of patient‐derived organoids reveals interpatient heterogeneity of colorectal cancer
Authors: Okamoto Takuya , Natsume Yasuko , Doi Motomichi , Nosato Hirokazu , Iwaki Toshiyuki , Yamanaka Hitomi , Yamamoto Mayuko , Kawachi Hiroshi , Noda Tetsuo , Nagayama Satoshi , Sakanashi Hidenori , Yao Ryoji 
Published: May 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogenous disease, and patients have differences in therapeutic response. However, the mechanisms underlying interpatient heterogeneity in the response to chemotherapeutic agents remain to be elucidated, and molecular tumor characteristics are required to select patients for specific therapies. Patient‐derived organoids (PDOs) established from CRCs recapitulate various biological characteristics of tumor tissues, including cellular heterogeneity and the response to chemotherapy. Patient‐derived organoids established from CRCs show various morphologies, but there are no criteria for defining these morphologies, which hampers the analysis of their biological significance. Here, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI)‐based classifier to categorize PDOs based on microscopic images according to their similarity in appearance and classified tubular adenocarcinoma‐derived PDOs into six types. Transcriptome analysis identified differential expression of genes related to cell adhesion in some of the morphological types. Genes involved in ribosome biogenesis were also differentially expressed and were most highly expressed in morphological types showing CRC stem cell properties. We identified an RNA polymerase I inhibitor, CX‐5641, to be an upstream regulator of these type‐specific gene sets. Notably, PDO types with increased expression of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis were resistant to CX‐5461 treatment. Taken together, these results uncover the biological significance of the morphology of PDOs and provide novel indicators by which to categorize CRCs. Therefore, the AI‐based classifier is a useful tool to support PDO‐based cancer research.
MOG antibody‐related disorder associated with peripheral facial nerve palsy
Authors: Morishima Yuto , Satake Akane , Hata Takanori , Koh Kishin , Nagasaka Takamura , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Shindo Kazumasa , Takiyama Yoshihisa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA 44‐year‐old Japanese woman exhibited neurological symptoms including unsteadiness of gait, headache, hypoesthesia of the left face, and left‐sided peripheral facial nerve palsy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed abnormal intensities in the hemispheres, brainstem, and corpus callosum. Although routine blood and cerebrospinal fluid studies were unremarkable, serum anti‐myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody was positive. With two‐time intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy, her symptoms gradually improved. We report here a rare case of a MOG antibody‐related disorder with peripheral facial nerve palsy as a predominant symptom. We should be aware of this disease even in a case of peripheral facial nerve palsy.
Use of antihypertensive medications and the risk of glaucoma onset: Findings from the 45 and Up Study
Authors: Yuan Yixiong , Wang Wei , Shang Xianwen , Xiong Ruilin , Ha Jason , Zhang Lei , Zhu Zhuoting , He Mingguang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal blood pressure is a potential risk factor for glaucoma. However, the role of antihypertensive medications on glaucoma pathogenesis is controversial. This study aims to investigate the association between the use of antihypertensive medications and glaucoma onset.MethodsThis nested case–control study, based on a large‐scale longitudinal cohort in Australia, retrieved participants' claims records on drugs and Medicare services from national health databases. Participants with three or more claim records of anti‐glaucoma medications from 2009 to 2016 were classified as glaucoma patients; those with none were classified as controls. Claim records of antihypertensive medications were identified within the 5 years before glaucoma onset and contemporary periods in matched controls without glaucoma. The association between the use of antihypertensive medications and glaucoma onset was assessed by multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 6748 cases and 13 496 controls were analysed. Compared with controls, the proportion of users of antihypertensive medications was slightly higher in glaucoma patients (46.9% vs. 46.0%, p > 0.05). After adjustments for demographics, health‐related factors and medical history, the association between the use of antihypertensive medications and glaucoma onset was nonsignificant (OR 0.95, 95% CI = 0.89–1.02). As for specific subtypes, only beta‐blocking agents (BBA) (OR 0.82, 95% CI = 0.75–0.90) and diuretics (OR 0.85, 95% CI = 0.77–0.95) were significantly associated with reduced risks of glaucoma onset.ConclusionsThis study indicated that the use of antihypertensive medications was not associated with glaucoma onset. Decreased risks of glaucoma onset in users of BBA and diuretics require further validation.
Diagnosis and predicted outcomes of patients with cystic fibrosis related liver disease considered for lung transplantation
Authors: Khoshbin Espeed , Clark Stephen , Meachery Gerard , Fisher Andrew , De Soyza Anthony , Lordan James , Nair Arun , Dark John , Hudson Mark 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is no gold standard criterion for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis‐related liver disease (CFRLD) and there is uncertainty over its impact on the outcome of lung transplantation.MethodLung recipients (n = 238) were divided into two groups—CFRLD and non‐CFRLD based on a modified aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI) score (mAPRI) to diagnose CFRLD and predict severity of liver disease. Groups were compared to assess validity of the diagnosis and survival outcomes.ResultThe new diagnostic criterion was effective at differentiating CFRLD from non‐CFRLD. There was no significant difference in the survival between two groups at short, medium, or long term demonstrated by the Kaplan‐Meier plot with survival of 85%, 73%, 47%, 18.6%, and 4.7% at 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 years respectively. A mAPRI score of greater than .2 had a sensitivity of 43.0% but a specificity of 82.5 % for diagnosis of CFRLD and 46.5% sensitivity but 100% specificity in predicting an ultrasound/biopsy proven hepatic abnormality associated with CFRLD.ConclusionA mAPRI sore is a highly specific non‐invasive tool for diagnosis of CFRLD. Recipients with CFRLD but grossly preserved hepatocellular function have a similar outcome to patients without CFRLD.
No employment without participation: An evaluation of India's employment programme in eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Misra Kartik 
Published: May 2022

SummaryMotivationThe Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) provides 100 days of employment a year at the legal minimum wage to every rural household. At the national level, the programme has been highly successful in providing an income safety net to small peasant farmers and landless workers.PurposeAn analysis of bottlenecks in supply and demand in the implementation of NREGA in the poorer states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Jharkhand. This research aims to understand how public participation and local political economy factors attenuate the guarantee of public employment and equal wages for the most marginalized groups.Methods and approachEvidence from field research in the Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh was used to conduct an empirical analysis of the functioning of NREGA.FindingsOur research shows how awareness among programme beneficiaries of their legal entitlements and awareness at various levels of government about the programme determine the provision of NREGA employment in one of the poorest regions of the country.Policy implicationsOur findings suggest that patron–client exchanges between the local elite and NREGA beneficiaries determine the provision of public employment and generate rents for the local elite. There is, therefore, an urgent need to increase transparency in NREGA provision and create mechanisms to hold elected representatives and government functionaries accountable to NREGA beneficiaries.
Validation of new diagnostic criteria for fatigue in patients with Parkinson disease
Authors: Siciliano Mattia , Kluger Benzi , De Micco Rosa , Chiorri Carlo , Sant'Elia Valeria , Silvestro Marcello , Giordano Alfonso , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Passamonti Luca , Trojano Luigi , Tessitore Alessandro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeAlthough disabling fatigue is common in Parkinson disease (PD), available consensus‐based diagnostic criteria have not yet been empirically validated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinimetric properties of the criteria.MethodsA sample of outpatients with PD was evaluated for demographic, clinical, behavioral, and cognitive features. Fatigue was diagnosed according to the new diagnostic criteria and was rated by means of the Parkinson Fatigue Scale (PFS) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Acceptability, concurrent and discriminant validity, and interrater reliability were evaluated with binary logistic regression analyses and Cohen kappa (κ).ResultsOf 241 included patients, 17 (7.1%) met the diagnostic criteria for PD‐related fatigue. Eight of nine symptoms described in Section A of the diagnostic criteria occurred in >50% of patients with fatigue. Acceptability (missing data = 0.8%) of the criteria was good, as was their concurrent validity with the PFS (odds ratio = 3.65) and FSS (odds ratio = 3.63). The discriminant validity of fatigue criteria with other PD‐related behavioral and cognitive features was good (odds ratio < 1.68). The interrater reliability was excellent (κ = 0.92).ConclusionsThis is the first study to test the clinimetric properties of case definition diagnostic criteria for PD‐related fatigue. Our results suggest that current diagnostic criteria may be useful in both clinical practice and research. Future longitudinal studies should examine their long‐term stability.
Bayesian spatio‐temporal CPUE standardization: Case study of European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) along the western coast of Portugal
Authors: Izquierdo Francisco , Menezes Raquel , Wise Laura , Teles‐Machado Ana , Garrido Susana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the key factors influencing population dynamics of fish stocks requires knowledge of their spatial distribution and seasonal habitat selection, but these spatio‐temporal dynamics are often not explicitly included in ecological studies and stock assessment models. This study standardized the data of sardine fishery‐dependent catch‐per‐unit‐ effort (CPUE) from the west coast of Portugal using Bayesian hierarchical spatio‐temporal models (BHSTM) with the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA). Sardine CPUE was best explained by length of the vessel, vessel ID, month, year, and location (latitude, longitude). In terms of spatio‐temporal distribution, sardine biomass prediction maps showed a constant pattern that changed every quarter of the year. In addition, sardine CPUE index showed a cyclical trend along the year with minimum values in July and maximum peak in November. This approach provided insights on variables and corresponding modelling effects that may be relevant in spatio‐temporal fishery‐dependent data standardization, and that could be applied to other fish species and areas.
Gillnet selectivity for non‐targeted shark species in temperate Australia
Authors: Braccini Matías , Hesp Alex , Walker Terence I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of size‐selective fishing gear has been fundamental for the successful management of shark populations. For the main Australian shark fisheries, available data sets on gillnet selectivity experiments conducted since the 1990s were used to estimate gillnet selectivity parameters for nine commonly caught non‐target species: broadnose, draughtboard, Port Jackson and school sharks, common and southern sawsharks, smooth hammerhead and spikey and whitespotted dogfish. Size at selection increased with mesh size, but it varied with species, with some species having broader selectivity curves due to their particular morphological features. In particular, smooth hammerhead had much broader selectivity curves and larger length at maximum selection than other species of comparable size such as the broadnose shark. The selectivity curves derived in this study will allow a more accurate interpretation of catch size composition and model‐based assessments of stock status of these species
Rapid influenza molecular testing in secondary care and influenza surveillance in England: Any impact?
Authors: Boddington Nicki L. , Elgohari Suzanne , Ellis Joanna , Donati Matthew , Zambon Maria , Pebody Richard G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe use of rapid molecular testing for influenza diagnosis is becoming increasingly popular. Used at the point of care or in a clinical laboratory, these tests detect influenza A and B viruses, though many do not distinguish between influenza A subtypes. The UK Severe Influenza Surveillance System (USISS) collects surveillance data on laboratory‐confirmed influenza admissions to secondary care in England.This study set out to understand how rapid influenza molecular testing was being used and how it might influence the availability of subtyping data collected on influenza cases admitted to secondary care in England.MethodsAt the end of the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 influenza seasons, a questionnaire was sent to all National Health Service Hospital Trusts in England to evaluate the use of rapid influenza testing. Surveillance data collected through USISS was analysed from 2011/2012 to 2020/2021.ResultsOf responding trusts, 42% (13/31) in 2017/2018 and 55% (9/17) in 2018/2019 used rapid influenza molecular tests, either alone or in combination with other testing. The majority of rapid tests used did not subtype the influenza A result, and limited follow‐up testing occurred.Surveillance data showed significant proportions of influenza A hospital and intensive care unit/high dependency unit admissions without subtyping information, increasing by approximately 35% between 2012/2013 and 2020/2021.ConclusionsThe use of rapid influenza molecular tests is a likely contributing factor to the large proportion of influenza A hospitalisations in England that were unsubtyped. Given their clear clinical advantages, further work must be done to reinforce these data for public health through integrated genomic surveillance.
Postglacial range expansion of high‐elevation plants is restricted by dispersal ability and habitat specialization
Authors: Carnicero Pau , Wessely Johannes , Moser Dietmar , Font Xavier , Dullinger Stefan , Schönswetter Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimSpecies' ecological traits influence their spatial genetic patterns. Bedrock preference strongly shapes the phylogeography of alpine plants, but its interactions with other ecological traits have rarely been disentangled. Here, we explore whether dispersal ability and degree of habitat specialization account for divergent postglacial expansion patterns of high‐elevation plants in spite of similar bedrock preference.LocationThe Pyrenees, southwestern Europe.TaxonCirsium glabrum (Asteraceae), Salix pyrenaica (Salicaceae) and Silene borderei (Caryophyllaceae).MethodsPhylogenetic, genetic structure and demographic modelling analyses based on restriction‐site‐associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) data from a range‐wide populational sampling were conducted. Occurrence data and environmental variables were used to construct species distribution models, which were projected under current and Last Glacial Maximum conditions, and were combined with RADseq data to reconstruct the postglacial history of the study species. The degree of habitat specialization of each species was estimated based on the plant communities within which they occur, and their climatic niche breadth.ResultsSalix pyrenaica, which occupies a broad range of habitats, shows a high level of range filling, a blurred genetic structure and an admixture cline between the two main genetic groups, congruent with rapid postglacial expansion. The microsite specialists C. glabrum and S. borderei exhibit a strong genetic structure and low levels of range filling, indicative of slow postglacial expansion. The good disperser C. glabrum shows higher levels of admixture between genetic groups and weaker population differentiation than the poor disperser S. borderei.Main ConclusionsFactors other than bedrock preference have a strong impact on the postglacial range dynamics of high‐elevation species. Habitat specialization plays an important role, allowing species occupying a broad range of habitats to more rapidly expand their ranges after environmental change. The effect of dispersal ability is lower than expected for the study species.