bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities in exposure to geomorphic hazards in Bangladesh
Authors: Paszkowski Amelie , Tiggeloven Timothy , Borgomeo Edoardo , Hall Jim 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Natural hazards can impair socio-economic development and disproportionately affect the poorest and most vulnerable. While global and regional studies have quantified population exposure to various natural hazards, they have so far ignored exposure to geomorphic hazards, such as coastal and riverine erosion, land subsidence and siltation of waterbodies. Using high-resolution geomorphic hazard modelling, population and poverty data, this study provides the first-ever spatial assessment of exposure to geomorphic hazards across population and poverty groups, taking Bangladesh as a case study. Bangladesh is an exceptionally geo-dynamic country, where multiple geomorphic hazards coincide with a high population density and poverty rate. We calculate that over 22 million people live within geomorphically hazardous regions, a figure that has increased by 5 million in the last 20 years. Of this exposed population, 86% live in poverty. Given such high levels of exposure disparities, geomorphic hazards need to be incorporated into disaster risk management and poverty alleviation responses in Bangladesh and beyond.
Complete Remission of Recurrent Multiple Insulin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas with Somatostatin Analogs: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tartaglia Andreas , Busonero Giulia , Gagliardi Lorenza , Boddi Valentina , Nizzoli Maurizio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is most commonly caused by a single, sporadic insulinoma. Multicentric insulinoma disease (insulinomatosis) as well as metachronous neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas, known also as neuroendocrine adenomatosis, represent a very rare condition, if not associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome (MEN1) or Von Hippel Lindau disease.We report a 9-year follow-up of a 41-year old woman, initially presenting with hypoglycemic syndrome caused by two insulin-producing tumors, who underwent subtotal pancreasectomy in 2012, with histology compatible with multiple small neuroendocrine tumors. An approximately 1 centimeter insulin-producing tumor recurred at subsequent biochemical and radiological follow-up, and was cured with the somatostatin analog octreotide as a single treatment, until remission of symptoms and complete regression of the pancreatic lesion achieved after only 16 months of treatment.The possible mechanisms for these findings are discussed and the literature is briefly reviewed.
Investigation of Structure Activity Relationship: In silico Studies of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine ureas as P38 Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Asiya Choudhary , Mangala Khandekar , Chandrakant Bagul , Muthal Amol , Kulkarni Ravindra 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
P38 kinases are the members of serine/ threonine kinases family, play a vital role in the progression of inflammation. In the past two decades, numerous p38 kinase inhibitors have been reported and few of them have failed in clinical trials. Recently some of the p38 kinase inhibitors have entered in clinical trials for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. A potential opportunity exists for medicinal chemistry for the discovery of potent and safe p38 kinase inhibitors. In the view of this challenging opportunity, the present manuscript is aimed towards development of a 3D QSAR model and the docking and dynamic simulation studies. A statistically robust 3D QSAR model was developed by employing 21 training set molecules which is attributed with appreciating cross validation coefficient (q2) of 0.0.6269 and conventional correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.8783 respectively. The predicted correlation coefficient (r2 pred) was found to be 0.8644 and standard error of 0.3331. The molecular docking analysis of all the p38 kinase inhibitors revealed that the analogs were well docked into the DFG out pocket of p38 kinase and exhibited hydrogen bond interactions with Asp186 and Lys71. Extension of docking studies to the molecular dynamics simulation study informed that the ligand displayed the strong conformational stability within the active site of p38 kinase forming maximum two hydrogen bonds until 100 ns respectively.
A novel successful strategy for detection of antibiotics and toxic heavy metals based on Fluorescence silver/graphene quantum dots nanocomposites
Authors: Mousa Mahmoud A. , Abdelrahman Hanaa H. , Fahmy Mamdouh A. , Ebrahim Dina G. , Moustafa Amira H.E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Antibiotic residue and toxic heavy metals in aquaculture have a hazardous impact on human health and environmental safety. So the biggest challenge is designing a powerful detecting tool without harming the fisheries and the environment. A novel dual-function silver/graphene quantum dots (Ag@GQDs) based fluorescence nano-sensor was developed to investigate unprecedented sensing strategies for sensitive and selective detection of antibiotics and heavy metals to ensure that they are present in the authorized percentage. Here, the fluorescence nanocomposites (Ag@GQDs) achieve a new successful sensitive and rapid detection for Oxytetracycline (OTC) and Erythromycin (ERY) antibiotics with detection limits 2.714 nM and 3.306 nM, respectively. The proposed strategy provides an efficient detection way of tracing heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb with a detection limit of less than 5ppm. Nanoprobe was characterized by UV/VIS spectroscopy, X- ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results were compared with graphene quantum dots (GQDs), graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs), and green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) which were synthesized from new extracts of aquatic plants and seaweeds from Edku & Marriott Lake. This novel Fluorescence quenching-based technique is sensitive, selective, less time-consuming, and does not need any expensive preparations to replace the commonly used chromatographic detecting techniques.
WITHDRAWN: Finite-time stability of almost anti-periodic solutions of Clifford-valued RNNs with time-varying delays and $D$ operator on time scales
Authors: Shen Shiping , Meng Xiaofang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to present the finite-time stability of almost anti-periodic solutions for Clifford-valued recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with time-varying delays and $D$ operator on time scales by a direct method. Firstly, some lemmas are obtained by the definitions of almost anti-periodic. Secondly, by using the theory of calculus on time scales and Banach's fixed point theorem, some sufficient conditions to guarantee the finite-time stability of almost anti-periodic solutions for this class of neural networks are obtained. Furthermore, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the results.
Image retrieval using deep statistical feature descriptor
Authors: Lu Zhou , Liu Guang-Hai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The use of deep neural networks to extract deep high-level features has provided excellent image retrieval performance. However, few studies have analyzed low-level features, which have their own advantages in image representation. Combining the advantages of low-level features and deep features remains a challenging problem. To solve it, we propose a deep feature aggregation method that includes texture features. Its highlights are: (1) A novel covariance weight is proposed to select some key feature maps. This enhances the discriminativeness of feature maps. (2) A novel response-region weighting scheme is proposed to balance various response-regions weights. It improves the positive role of some valuable feature maps in retrieval. (3) A novel method is proposed to extract texture features together with deep features. It can combine deep and texture features into a compact representation, and improve the performance of image retrieval. Experiments were conducted with five popular benchmark datasets to show that our method can significantly improve image retrieval performance.
Clinical characteristics of teenagers encountered by general physicians in Japanese hospitals: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kita Keiichiro , Kuroiwa Shota , Sekijima Azusa , Ogawa Daishi , Saito Mayuko , Kuroiwa Maiko , Yamashiro Seiji 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Although the number of teenage outpatients is not very high, it is sometimes difficult to manage them. To clarify the factors contributing to this difficulty, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of the patients using medical records from three hospitals.
Methods
The study included 342 patients aged 13–19 years who visited the Department of General Internal Medicine at Toyama University Hospital, N Municipal Hospital, and K General Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. Data on age, sex, referral status, chief complaint, period from onset to visit, and final diagnosis were collected from the medical records of each hospital. We used the Multiple comparison analysis by the Tukey honestly significant difference method, chi-square test, and residual analysis for statistical analyses of our data.
Results
Most cases from the two city hospitals visited within one month from the onset and were treated as mild cases of acute upper respiratory infections, gastroenteritis, and traumatic injury. However, 56% of the patients visited the university hospital more than one month after the onset of illness. In addition, half of the patients were diagnosed with stress-related mental diseases, such as adjustment and eating disorders. The teenage patient group at the university hospital also had significantly higher rates of psychiatric diseases than the other age groups. Furthermore, most psychiatric patients complain of various somatic symptoms, such as somatic diseases. This situation may contribute to the difficulty in dealing with teenage outpatients.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that some teenagers complaining of somatic symptoms have stress-related mental illness, especially in university hospitals. These patients require not only physical management, but also environmental and emotional support. Therefore, the psychosomatic approach is essential for general practitioners, particularly for those who often encounter teenage patients.
Fuzi polysaccharides improve immunity in immunosuppressed mice by regulating gut microbiota composition
Authors: Tu Ran , Zhou Cheng , Huang Wenfeng , Feng Zhengping , Zhao Qiufang , Shi Xiaofei , Cui Langjun , Chen Keke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fuzi is a traditional Chinese medicine, and polysaccharides therein are considered the most bioactive compounds and exhibit immunomodulatory effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been evaluated. Immunosuppression was induced in mice using cyclophosphamide (CP), and the effects of Fuzi polysaccharides (FPS) on the gut microbiota and immune function were investigated. The results showed that PFS increasedthe concentration of acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, and n-butyric acid in the cecum. FPS decreased the relative abundance of Helicobacter, Anaerotruncus, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003, Mucispirillum, and Mycoplasma and increased the relative abundance of Rhodospirillales, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013, Mollicutes_RF39, Ruminococcus_1, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and Muribaculaceae in the gut microbiota. FPS increased the spleen and thymus indexes and the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes. CP decreased the relative mRNA expression of NF-кB, IL-6, and iNOS, the differentiation of CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, and the protein expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1, whereas FPS reduced these effects. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the gut microbial compositionwas significantly correlated with inflammatory gene expression and intestinal barrier function.
Quercetin compound effect on a horse with chronic shoulder arthritis
Authors: Kawasumi Koh , Yamamoto Ichiro , Arai Toshiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We measured changes in plasma metabolites and hormones concentrations and enzyme activities to evaluate effects of quercetin compound (QC) on a horse suffering from chronic arthritis. On 15days after supplemented with QC, the gait of the injured horse returned to normal. On 25days, the animal showed decreased plasma TG and MDA concentrations, increased MDH, AMPK, GPX activities. M/L ratio, an energic metabolism marker, was increased remarkably. The animal could start regular exercise. In healthy horse group, on 28 days after supplemented with QC, plasma NEFA concentrations and AST and LDH activities tended to decrease, and leukocytes AMPK activities and plasma GPX activities and M/L ratio tended to increase compared with those in the control (without QC). Supplementation with QC in horses may be useful for amelioration of chronic diseases which are induced by inflammation and oxidative stress.
Network Pharmacology and Animal Experiment Study for the Optic Neuroprotective Effect of Cryptotanshinone via Astrocyte Activity Regulation
Authors: Zhang Mingxu , Li Siqi , Yang Jiawei , Mi Qiulin , Song Qiuyi , Kan Liping , Huang Ju , Zhao Xiulan , Zhao Ying , Zhu Siquan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study explores the effect and mechanism of activated astrocytes (AS) in optic nerve injury and finds out possible Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) interventions via network pharmacology. Then we validated the result in Chronic ocular hypertension (COH) modeling rat experiment. We obtained the information about herbs and the ingredients from TCMSP database and constructed AS-related Target-Ingredient-Herb Network (TIHN) and Target-Ingredient Network (TIN) based on AS activation-related targets acquired from published articles. Then we screened candidate ingredients for animal experiments by the Degree in TIN, binding aﬀinities, and pharmacokinetic parameters. The treatment effect of the candidate ingredient was validated in COH modeling rats. 5 AS activation-related key targets were included in the network pharmacology study. According to these targets, 75 ingredients and 447 herbs were obtained. Cryptotanshinone (CTS) was chosen for the animal experiment due to its stable binding pattern and pharmacokinetic parameters. In animal experiment, the episcleral vein cauterization (EVC) effectively increased the intraocular pressure (IOP) of modeling rats, and CTS had no significant influence on modeling rats’ IOP. But CTS significantly alleviated the retinal lesion and ganglion cells apoptosis caused by the COH environment, which could attribute to the regulation of AS activation by CTS.
Sterol methyltransferases in annelid worms rewrite the molecular fossil record
Authors: Gold David , Brunoir Tessa , Mulligan Chris , Sistiaga Ainara , Vuu Khan , Shih Patrick , OReilly Shane , Summons Roger 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Molecular fossils have been used to augment the physical fossil record, charting the expansion of complex life through the Neoproterozoic Era (~1000-541 Ma). This work relies on the hypothesis that C27 steranes preserved in sedimentary rocks originated from cholesterol, the predominant sterol produced by red algae and animals. Following the same logic, C28 and C29 carbon steranes are widely considered to be derived from the sterols of fungi, green algae and some protists. In this study, we demonstrate that the gene 24-C sterol methyltransferase (smt), which is necessary to produce C28 and C29 sterols, is present in segmented worms, an advanced group of animals. Phylogenetic analysis of the relevant gene suggests it was present in the first animals and lost independently in at least seven major lineages. A molecular clock demonstrates that the SMT specific to animals and their closest ancestors was present through the Neoproterozoic. Based on these results, C27 steranes cannot be considered indicative of Neoproterozoic animals, and C28+ steranes are not solely indicative of fungi or green algae. While our results do not necessarily contradict the emerging picture of Neoproterozoic life informed by molecular fossils, they refute the underlying hypothesis that drives the interpretive paradigm.
The mediating role of fear of COVID-19 in the association between COVID-19-related work stressors and subjective well-being: cross-sectional evidence in the child care sector across three samples
Authors: Gritzka Susan , Angerer Peter , Diebig Mathias 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background COVID-19 has changed the work conditions across many sectors and fear of COVID-19 is ever-present. Yet, research has overlooked the contributing factors to fear of COVID-19 and its impact on well-being within an occupational context. This study addressed this gap from an integrative perspective by focusing on the essential workforce of child care, particularly at high risk of infection and characterized by difficult COVID-19 risk management. Methods Across three independent samples, we tested whether (1) fear of COVID-19 relates to subjective well-being, (2) COVID-19-related work stressors (i.e., perceived risk of infection and poor employer support) relate to fear of COVID-19, and whether (3) fear of COVID-19 serves as a mediator between COVID-19-related work stressors and subjective well-being.The study utilized three cross-sectional samples of early childhood professionals (ECPs) (NT1 = 423, NT2= 142, NT3 = 584) gathered in Germany during different pandemic phases between June 2020 and May 2021. Hypotheses were tested using linear regression analysis and by estimating indirect effects. Results Findings of T1 and T3 lent full support for hypotheses. Higher perceived risk of infection and poorer employer support were associated with greater fear of COVID-19 which in turn predicted lower subjective well-being of ECPs. The relationships between COVID-19-related work stressors and subjective well-being were mediated via fear of COVID-19 while controlling for age, gender, and leadership position. Results at T2 differed and reasons are discussed. Conclusions The results underline the importance of adapting the work conditions during pandemics to reduce fear of COVID-19 and in turn preserve employees’ subjective well-being.
Recombinant SARS-CoV2 S1-RBD peptide induces a concentration-dependent activation of macrophages and microglia cell lines in vitro
Authors: Filho Adriano Chaves , Jucá Paloma Marinho , Soares Michelle Verde Ramo , de Oliveira Caio Andrade , de Sousa Raul Cavalcante , Lós Deniele Bezerra , Russo Remo Castro , Yaochite Juliana Navarro Ueda , Macedo Danielle S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: We aimed to characterize the effects of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 S1 receptor-binding domain (RBD) peptide stimulating the macrophage and microglial immune activation compared with classical PAMPs in vitro. Material: Murine RAW 264.7 macrophages and BV2 microglial cells. Treatment: The cells were exposed to growing concentrations of the RBD peptide (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 µg/ml), LPS, and Poly(I:C) and evaluated after two h and 24h for significant markers of macrophage activation. Methods: We determined the effects of RBD peptide on cell viability, cleaved caspase 3 expressions, and nuclear morphometry analysis. RBD peptide induced a differential immune activation, dependent on the cell lineage, time of exposure, and concentration.Results: In RAW 264.7 cells, RBD peptide stimulation was cytotoxic but not for BV2 cells. RAW 264.7 cells showed increased arginase activity and IL-10 production; however, BV2 cells express iNOS and IL-6 after RBD peptide exposure. RAW 264.7 cells showed increased cleaved-caspase-3, apoptosis, and mitotic catastrophe after RBD peptide stimulation but not BV2 cells. In conclusion, RBD peptide exposure has different effects depending on cell line stimulated, RAW 264.7, and BV2 cells.Conclusion: This study brings new evidence about the immunogenic profile of RBD in macrophage and microglial cells, advancing the understanding of SARS-Cov2 immuno- and neuropathology.
Therapeutic Targeting of Interleukin-11 Up-Regulated Angiotensin II Induced Atrial Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Cong Xinpeng , Tian Bei , Zhu Xi , Zhang Xiaogang , Gu Wei , Zhao Hanjun , Hao Shuwen , Ning Zhongping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose Inflammatory cytokines are closely associated with developing cardiac fibrosis. This research aimed to explore the significant role of IL-11 in atrial fibrosis progression and potential therapeutic targets. Methods 367 subjects were included in the case-control study. Blood samples were analyzed for the level of IL-11 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Angiotensin II (Ang II) treated fibrosis mouse models were generated and expression of IL-11 mRNA and protein were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. IL-11 antagonist was used to evaluate arterial fibrosis-related markers. Results The PeAF patients had significantly higher larger left atrial size (LAD), higher serum levels of hypertrophic protein BNP, proinflammatory cytokine high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) compared to PAF patients and healthy subjects (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlation between serum IL-11 and cardiac fibrosis markers BNP (r=0.394, P<0.001), CTX-I (r=0.418, P<0.001), PICP (r=0.306, P<0.001), PIIINP (r=0.335, P<0.001) and TGF-β1 (r=0.273, P<0.001). In the fibrosis mouse model, Ang II infusion significantly upregulated IL-11 mRNA and protein expression in the left atrium of mice (P<0.05) as well as staining intensity of Masson trichrome, the intensity of α-SMA, increased mRNA expression of collagen I and III in arterial tissue. An IL-11 antagonist, recombinant mouse IL-11 Rα Fc Chimera (rmIL-11Rα Fc), significantly attenuated Masson trichrome, number of α-SMA-positive myofibroblasts in atrial tissue. Also, significantly reduced the p-ERK1/2 in atrial tissue of mice infused with Ang II (P<0.05).Conclusion Our data speculated that IL-11 upregulated Ang ll induced atrial fibrosis. Therefore, IL-11 could be a potential therapeutic target for treating atrial.