bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrieval of atmospheric parameters from NOAA-16 AMSU data over Indian region - Preliminary results
Authors: SINGH DEVENDRA , BHATIA R. C. , SRIVASTAV S. K. 
Published: January 2022

With the establishment of a new High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) reception system at IMD, New Delhi, the real time data from microwave sounding instruments onboard the NOAA-K, L, M and N series of satellites has also become available. The raw HRPT data is being interfaced with the recently acquired new ‘ATOVS and AVHRR Preprocessing Package (AAPP)’ to perform temperature and moisture retrievals from AMSU data of NOAA-16 satellite using two separate schemes: Inversion Coupled Imager (ICI) and Neural Network (NN) approach. In this study, NOAA-16 satellite data over Indian region were used for retrieving temperature and moisture profiles for the month of January, 2002. The temperature and moisture retrieval results are evaluated by computing the bias and root mean square (RMS) difference using collocated ECMWF analysis. The results based on the analysis of data set for the month of January, 2002 shows that ICI approach yields better results for all atmospheric levels. The RMS errors in temperature profiles are found to be less than 4oC at all pressure levels. The RMS errors in relative humidity are found to be less than 20% at all pressure levels. C Intercomparison of the results revealed that bias and RMS error are less for ICI scheme using forecast field compared to ICI without using forecast field and Neural Network approach.
Consequences of pre-monsoon thunderstorm -A fuzzy logic approach
Authors: CHAUDHURI SUTAPA , CHATTOPADHYAY SURAJIT 
Published: January 2022

Pre-monsoon thunderstorms are important as well as devastating weather events occurring over Gangetic West Bengal (GWB). The prime aim of the current paper is to introduce the concept of Fuzzy Logic to view the consequences of some important parameters during the occurrence of severe thunderstorms. The result reveals that fall in surface temperature as well as rise in relative humidity and pressure are the most important consequences during the occurrence of severe thunderstorms. The result further indicates that colossal fall in temperature and massive rise in pressure are the most desirable combination for the occurrence of such storms. The result discloses that when high wind speed is associated with sharp change in relative humidity and air-pressure, the possibility of occurrence of such weather hazards is more. The important finding of the study suggests that, for prediction of the wind speed associated with severe thunderstorms, multiple regressions, using relative humidity and air pressure as predictor, needs to be investigated.
Evidence of climate jump in annual temperature in India
Authors: GUHATHAKURTA P. , SRIVASTAVA A. K. 
Published: January 2022

Annual mean temperature of 50 well-distributed stations in India is analyzed for trend and climate jump. Four statistical tests are used to detect the climate jump. Table-look-up test, which is more appropriate than ‘t’ test for time series data, has been applied for the first time to detect the climate jump. Sudden changes in climate are noticed by getting discontinuities or jump in annual mean temperature of most of the stations. It was found that while the northern India received climate jump much earlier i.e. during the decade 1931-1940, extreme south Peninsular India received climate jump between 1961-63.
Construindo saberes e compartilhando experiências em Português Brasileiro como Língua Estrangeira
Authors: Rodrigues Anderson Lins , Santos José Lucas Campos Antunes dos 
Published: January 2022

Neste trabalho, compartilhamos o percurso de sistematização e execução de um curso remoto de Português Brasileiro como Língua Estrangeira (PBLE), por nós ministrado, no segundo semestre de 2020. A oferta desse curso está circunscrita a um conjunto de ações do processo de internacionalização da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz. O curso de PBLE, portanto, emerge como uma ação viabilizadora do desenvolvimento de estratégias de ensino, aprendizagem e fortalecimento da língua brasileira no cenário linguístico internacional (MOITA LOPES, 2016). Nesse contexto de internacionalização e, também, como desdobramento de algumas inquietações surgidas ao longo do referido curso, sobretudo no que se refere à necessidade de revisão do ideal homogêneo de língua nacional, numa perspectiva decolonial sobre a constituição político-linguística de amefricanidade e “Pretuguês” (GONZALEZ, 2020), objetivamos discutir abordagens e metodologias do ensino de PBLE, bem como refletir sobre o processo de formação de professores e de pesquisas nessa área. Com essa experiência, constatamos que a formação docente e o ensino de PBLE devem considerar as especificidades corriqueiras e cotidianas da vida linguística no Brasil, levando em conta as contribuições negra e indígena na formação do vernáculo brasileiro.
Faktor Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Loyalitas Karyawan pada Pabrik Albasia Sejahtera Mandiri Temanggung
Authors: Fathul Habib  , Lintang Pamugar Mukti Aji  
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi loyalitas karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif yaitu penelitian terhadap masalah-masalah berupa fakta-fakta saat ini dari suatu populasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pabrik Albasia Sejahtera Mandiri Temanggung yang berlokasi di Jalan Wonosobo Km 2 Dusun Catgawen Desa Caturanom Kecamatan Parakan Kabupaten Temanggung Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 63 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Variabel komunikasi efektif berpengaruh postif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap loyalitas karyawan; Variabel pemberian insentif berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap loyalitas karyawan; Variabel kesejahteraan karyawan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap loyalitas karyawan; dan Variabel bebas yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas karyawan Pabrik Albasia Sejahtera Mandiri Temanggung Tahun 2020 adalah variabel kesejahteraan karyawan.
“CORRECTNESS” AND “WRONGNESS” OF THE LIFE AND DEATH OF THE OLD RUSSIAN PRINCES OF THE IX–XIIth CENTURIES: EXPECTATIONS AND IDEAS
Authors: Фогель А.С. 
Published: January 2022

Данная статья посвящена представлениям о «правильном и «неправильном» поведении древнерусских князей IX–XII вв. В работе выделены и рассмотрены три основных и значимых на-бора ожиданий, характерных для традиционного общества Древней Руси эпохи становления госу-дарственности – языческий родовой, языческий дружинный и государственно-христианский. Дан-ные наборы представлений о поведении и качествах князей значимы тем, что создавали систему идеальных образов и ориентиров и тем самым достаточно сильно влияли на реальные действия первых князей Рюриковичей и их взаимоотношения с различными категориями населения. Иссле-дование основано на анализе источникового материала и современной литературы.
This article is dedicated to the idea of the “right” and “wrong” behavior of the Ancient Russian princes of the IX–XIIth centuries. The paper identifies and examines three main and significant sets of ex-pectations typical for the traditional society of Ancient Russia in the era of statehood formation – pagan tribal, pagan druzhinny and state-Christian. These view sets on the behavior and qualities of princes are significant because they created a system of ideal images and guidelines and through that they strongly influenced the real actions of the first Rurikovich princes and their relationships with various categories of the population. The research is based on the analysis of the source material and modern literature.
JUSTICES OF THE PEACE OF THE ANGLO-SCOTTISH BORDER SHIRES IN 1536–1547
Authors: Бельцер А.А. 
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена анализу изменений в составе мировой комиссии графств на границе с Шотландией в период последней декады правления Генриха VIII. Если структура мировой комис-сии не претерпела в этот период изменений, то состав поменялся весьма значительно. Из числа мировых судей были исключены представители аристократических семей Перси и Дакр, большая часть их родственников и клиентов. Вместо них ведущую роль в комиссии стали играть предста-вители местного и пришлого дворянства. По-прежнему важное место в составе магистратов зани-мали представители пограничной администрации. Как и прежде количество мировых судей неве-лико по сравнению с другими графствами, и реже обновляется.
The article is devoted to the analysis of changes in personnel of the commission of the peace of shires on the border with Scotland during the last decade of the reign of Henry VIII. During this period, the structure of the peace commission is not changed, but the stuff has changed very significantly. Mem-bers of the aristocratic families of Percy and Dacre, most of their relatives and clients were excluded from the number of magistrates. Instead, members of the local and alien nobility began to play a leading role in the commission. Representatives of the border administration still occupy an important place in the per-sonnel of magistrates. The number of justices of the peace was still small, compared to other shires, and was updated less often.
GENERAL PATRICK GORDON AND THE FIRST AZOV CAMPAIGN (1695)
Authors: Станков К.Н. 
Published: January 2022

Оказавшийся на русской службе шотландский генерал Патрик Гордон принимал активное участие в разработке и реализации военных планов в 1690-е гг. Статья посвящена неизученным вопросам взаимодействия главных действующих лиц русского командования во время Первого Азовского похода и роли П. Гордона в этих событиях.
Scottish General Patrick Gordon, who served in the Russian army at the time, took an active part in the development and implementation of military plans in the 1690s. The article is devoted to the unexplored issues of the interaction of the main figures of the Russian command during the First Azov campaign and the role of P. Gordon in these events.
HISTORY OF THE ATHENIAN EMPIRE IN THE WORKS OF V. M. STROGETSKY
Authors: Макарова О.М. 
Published: January 2022

В статье подвергается анализу концепция становления афинской империи в V в. до н. э. в работах известного российского специалиста по истории Древней Греции В. М. Строгецкого. В 1980–1990-е гг. обратившись к изучению данных сюжетов в рамках исследования обстоятельств противостояния в V в. до н. э. Пелопоннесского и Первого афинского морских союзов за гегемонию в Греции, В. М. Строгецкий считал, что активная фаза формирования основ афинского империализма должна быть отнесена к периоду 460–440 гг. до н. э. и связана с внешнеполитической деятельностью Перикла. Не принимая предложенного Г. Мэттингли понижения датировки основных эпиграфических свидетельств подчинения союзников Афинами, В. М. Строгецкий считает их не вызванными обстоятельствами тяжелой Пелопоннесской войны, а свидетельством планомерного и постепенного усиления гнета афинян в рамках союзного объединения, получившего в историографии традиционное наименование афинской империи.
The article dwells upon the concept of the formation of the Athenian empire in the 5th century BC in the works of the Russian historian of Ancient Greece V.M. Strogetsky. Initially this problem gained his interest as а part of the study of confrontation between the Peloponnesian League and the Delian League for hegemony in Greece in the 5th century BC. During the 1980–1990s. V. M. Strogetsky believed that the active phase of the formation of the foundations of Athenian imperialism should be attributed to the period 460–440 BC and must be considered as the political program of Pericles. V. M. Strogetsky has not accepted the lowering of the dates of the main epigraphic evidence of Athenian imperialism, proposed by H. Mattingly. He considers it not to be caused by the difficulties of the Peloponnesian war, but sees it as an evidence of the planned and gradual increase in the oppression of the allies by the Athenians within the naval union, which in historiography received the traditional name of the Athenian empire.
MODEL RANCANG BANGUN TEOLOGI GEREJA CHARISMATIK WORSHIP SERVICE JAKARTA DALAM MENGHADAPI TREND ISU-ISU TEOLOGI PERTUMBUHAN GEREJA MASA KINI
Authors: Suseno Wasis 
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study is to identify the issues facing the theology of church growth today. In the last period of tens years, the many negative teaching, has damage the teaching of the church. Many congregations of our are influenced by the negative doctrine. Charismatic Worship Service Church in Jakarta, has constructed its doctrine and theology in order to face the negative doctrine.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi masalah yang dihadapi trend isu-isu teologi pertumbuhan Gereja masa kini. Dalam kurun waktu puluhan tahun terakhir, banyak pengajaran negatif telah merusak ajaran Gereja. Banyak jemaat Gereja dipengaruhi oleh ajaran negatif tersebut. Gereja Charismatik Worship Service di Jakarta, telah merancang bangun teologi dalam menghadapi ajaran negatif.
PERDEBATAN PARA AHLI MENGENAI PENGARUH SASTRA HIKMAT TERHADAP SASTRA APOKALIPTIK
Authors: Mandey Jenry Elrich Cornelis 
Published: January 2022

Wisdom and apocalyptic literature are two things that seize the attention of experts. They explore and interpret whether the two have an influencing relation of not. There are various difficulties in understanding both of them and this causes differences opinion. By providing expert discussion and debate about apocalyptic, this article shows us the important arguments from experts about wisdom and apocalyptic literature.

Sastra Hikmat dan Apokaliptik adalah dua hal yang cukup menyita perhatian para ahli. Mereka menelusuri dan menafsirkan apakah keduanya memiliki hubungan keterpengaruhan atau tidak. Ada berbagai kesulitan dengan memahami keduanya, sehingga menimbulkan perbedaan pendapat. Dengan menyuguhkan diskusi dan perdebatan para pakar mengenai Apokaliptik, artikel ini memperlihatkan argumen-argumen penting dari para pakar mengenai sastra hikmat dan apokaliptik.
EDENIC LANGUAGE SEBAGAI BAHASA IBRANI: Ibu Bagi Seluruh Bahasa Di Dunia
Authors: Wahyu Rita , Irawati Chandra Wahyuni , Pandiangan Tumpal 
Published: January 2022

Edenics adalah bahasa ibu Semit yang terurai ke dalam 70 bahasa pada sekitar 3.784 tahun yang lalu, pada peristiwa Menara Babel. Menurut teori Dr. Isaac E. Mozeson setiap bahasa saat ini memiliki elemen yang sama dalam bahasa Ibrani Alkitabiah. Melalui penelitian Mozeson tentang "Bahasa Edenic" dalam kaitannya dengan bahasa Ibrani yang mempengaruhi banyak bahasa di dunia. Dia menyebut "Edenics" ini "proto-human language" karena hubungannya dengan Taman Eden, tempat dimana manusia pertama diciptakan dan di tempatkan di sana. Maka Edenics adalah mula dari bahasa Ibrani Alkitabiah.

Edenics is the Semitic mother tongue that was scrambled into 70 languages on about 3,784 years ago, after the episode of the Tower of Babel. According to the theory of Dr. Isaac E. Mozeson, every human language today shares elements of Biblical Hebrew. By the research work of Mozeson regarding "Edenic Language" in relation to Hebrew which influenced many languages of the world. He calls "Edenics" this "proto-human language" because of its connection with the Garden of Eden, where the first human were created. Therefore, Edenics is the originally Biblical Hebrew language.
PERAN HUBUNGAN ORANG TUA DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN ANAK DI MASA COVID 19
Authors: Ratu Artika , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Hutabarat Christiani 
Published: January 2022

Dalam sebuah keluarga terdapat adanya suatu hubungan, setiap keluarga pastinya mengharapkan hubungan yang positif dalam keluarga mereka terlebih antara anak dan orang tua. Namun pada kenyataanya tidak semua keluarga memiliki memiliki hubungan yang positif didalam keluarga mereka, terdapat beberapa keluarga yang memiliki hubungan negatif dalam keluarga mereka, hubungan yang negatif di dalam keluarga tersebut berdampak pada hasil belajar anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dampak hubungan yang negatif antara orangtua dengan anak bagi hasil belajar. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif yang dimaksudkan untuk menemukan, mengembangkan dan mengkaji kebenaran. Subjek penelitian ini adalah orangtua dan anak. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan tinjauan pustaka yang bersumber dari buku-buku dan jurnal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat dampak dari hubungan yang negatif antara orangtua dengan anak bagi hasil belajar. Dalam penelitian, ini juga dapat dilihat mengenai fungsi dari keluarga yang sesungguhnya dan faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya hubungan yang negatif tersebut.

In a family there is a relationship, every family certainly expects a positive relationship in their family, especially between children and parents. But in fact not all families have a positive relationship in their family, there are some families who have a negative relationship in their family, a negative relationship in the family has an impact on children's learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a negative relationship between parents and children for learning outcomes. The method used is descriptive qualitative method which is intended to find, develop and study the truth. The subjects of this study were parents and children. The technique of collecting data in this study is to use a literature review sourced from books and journals. The results of this study indicate that there is an impact of a negative relationship between parents and children for learning outcomes. In this research, it can also be seen about the real function of the family and the factors that cause the negative relationship.
KARAKTER MANUSIA DILIHAT DARI ETIKA TERAPAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN DIRI SESEORANG
Authors: Widjaja Imron , Sihombing Iin Nur Indrayani 
Published: January 2022

Christian character forming may sound ordinary because all parents must teach the best thing to their children. The child’s character is n accordance with the parent’s identity. Character is useful in all aspects of life because it makes people of integrity, influences and becomes effective withnesses of Christ. Howecer, in reality there are also many Christian individuals who have bad characters. According to the large Indonesian dictionary, character is defined as character, mental, moral or ethical characteristics that differentiate a person from another, character. The word character in the Bible comes from a Greek word which means a carving or sculpting tool. In Latin, the character means: ”Tools for marking, to engrave.” Webster Dictionary means, ”Engrave, inscribe.” With the above understanding it can be said that character is ”The process of sculpting the soul, marking oneself or carving oneself in such a way that it is unique, interesting and different.” Character according to the Bible is living our lives before God, fearing only God, and trying to please God only, no matter how we feel, or what other people might say or do. In simple terms character is doing what is right because it is right.

Membentuk karakter kristen kedengarannya mungkin biasa saja karena semua orang tua pasti mengajarkan yang terbaik kepada anak-anaknya. Karakter anak yang sesuai dengan identitas orang tua. Karakter berguna dalam segala aspek kehidupan karena menjadikan orang berintegritas, berpengaruh dan menjadi saksi Kristus yang efektif. Namun kenyataannya banyak juga individu kristen yang memiliki karakter tidak baik. Menurut kamus besar bahasa Indonesia, karakter didefinisikan sebagai tabiat; sifat-sifat kejiwaan, akhlak atau budi pekerti yg membedakan seseorang dengan yang lain; watak. Kata karakter dalam Alkitab berasal dari kata Yunani yang berarti alat ukir atau alat pemahat. Dalam bahasa latin, karakter bermakna ”tools for marking, to engrave.” Webster Dictionary memberi arti, “engrave, inscribe.” Dengan pengertian di atas dapat dikatakan bahwa karakter adalah “proses memahat jiwa, menandai diri atau mengukir diri sedemikian rupa, sehingga berbentuk unik, menarik dan berbeda.” Karakter menurut Alkitab adalah menjalani hidup kita dihadapan Allah, takut hanya kepada Allah, dan berusaha hanya menyenangkan Tuhan, tidak peduli bagaimana perasaaan kita, atau apa yang mungkin akan dikatakan atau dilakukan orang lain. Secara sederhana karakter adalah melakukan apa yang benar karena hal itu benar.
The Brazilian Far Left, Cuba, and the Sino-Soviet Split, 1963
Authors: Hershberg James G. 
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines the international aspects of the struggle on the Brazilian Revolutionary Left in the early 1960s, against the backdrops of domestic political instability, the Cold War, and the Sino-Soviet split. It explores two rivalries on the Brazilian Revolutionary Left, both pitting the established, pro-Moscow Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) and its venerable leader, Luis Carlos Prestes—who supported Nikita Khrushchev’s line of struggling for power through peaceful, political means—against rivals who favored armed revolution: a dissident breakaway faction, the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB), which embraced Beijing’s side in the Sino-Soviet spat and sought Mao Zedong’s backing against Prestes and the PCB; and the Peasant Leagues in Brazil’s northeast, whose leader, Francisco Julião, admired the Cuban Revolution. In early 1963, both Prestes and Julião visited Havana to court Fidel Castro; and rival PCB and PCdoB delegations visited China, seeking Mao’s endorsement. The dispute over Brazil’s correct revolutionary path mirrored the larger rift in the communist world. Drawing on an array of archival sources—Brazilian, U.S., Chinese, Russian, British, Czech, Hungarian, East German, Polish, and more—the chapter reveals a previously unknown dimension of the intersection, and interaction, between internal Brazilian and global revolutionary left.