bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Interactive Installations: Guidelines towards Social Interaction in City Centers.
Authors: Ayad Eman H , Omayer Hayam M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
City center spaces, especially in Egypt, suffer the absence of an interactive visual image and the richness of artistic installations, while its existence totally changes space perception and brings it to life… Although city centers include bunches of architectural elements with multiples vocabularies, yet still most architects and designers miss to include people or space visitors in consideration. Many designs lack the potential for social interaction and participation… This paper explores the role of “Digital Interactive Installations” as a main element in city centers’ design, it allows visitors to interact, participate and take part in the formation of a socially amusing experience. Thus, the research aims to identify the characteristics of “Digital Interactive Installations” as an essential tool for city center activation, recommending and guiding designers and decision-makers to achieve social interaction in city centers.
Smart public transportation: A future framework for sustainable new cities (Case study Greater Cairo)
Authors: Omayer Hayam M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the context of the tremendous progress in information technology in all spheres of life, it is necessary to adopt more intelligence solutions to increase the quality of life and achieve sustainable cities. Currently, without a doubt, we have the ability to make all city services accessible to everybody. Transportation and mobility systems are critical components of sustainable city development. Therefore, the scientific literature on the technological systems employed in transportation systems and their primary uses is extensive, outlining their application to improving people’s quality of life through promoting a sustainable environment. Recently. There is a new generation of ITS (intelligence transportation system) resulting from the encouragement of related public policy that has been deeply integrated with new infrastructure and new technologies for improving the quality of life. The new generation of ITS technology and urban analysis and planning technology can not only meet the current problems of the coordinated development of the public transportation system and big cities like Cairo, but also meet the needs of the city’s future development in advance. This paper will discuss the transformation of intelligent public transportation, the opportunities, and applications, using technologies, and implementation in various urban areas using a case study of China’s smart transportation. Additionally, propose a future framework for sustainable transportation in new cities and the feasibility of implementing them in Egypt’s new cities. Highlight the actions and outcomes of integrating technologies, as well as their environmental, urban, economic, and social impacts. In order to develop and increase the quality of life in the cities of Egypt and the developing world in order to achieve sustainability goals.
Study on the interface reaction layer of hydrogen reduction hot-rolled high-strength steel hot-dip galvanizing
Authors: Liu Yihao , Ding Chengfa , Li Jianchao , Lu Rui , Wu Guangxin , Zhang Jieyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the instability mechanism of the Fe-Al inhibition layer produced by the interfacial reaction in the Al-containing zinc melts on the hydrogen-reduced steel is studied in detail. The results show that the surface morphology of hydrogen-reduced hot-rolled steel at different temperatures is mainly divided into porous and dense states. Due to the different surface activity of the steel after hydrogen reduction, the reaction degree of the galvanized interface is also significantly different. When the Al content is 0.2 wt%, no Fe-Al inhibition layer is detected at the interface. After that, the influence of Al content on the interface inhibition layer was explored. The research results showed that under the same reduction temperature and inhibition time, the higher the Al content, the more obvious the inhibition layer formed at the interface. Finally, by extending the dipping time, it was confirmed that the Fe-Al inhibition layer had undergone a destabilization and cracking transformation process, that is, the zinc solution permeated the Fe-Al inhibition layer, and the iron interface and the liquid zinc were in direct contact, resulting in the formation of the Fe-Zn outburst structure, which was also aggravated the process of breaking the Fe-Al inhibition layer.
Printed electronics to accelerate solid-state battery development
Authors: Sliz Rafal , Molaiyan Palanivel , Fabritius Tapio , Lassi Ulla 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The transition from conventional liquid electrolyte Li-ion batteries towards solid-state systems requires a paradigm shift on how these batteries are fabricated and how the R&D process can be augmented in order to fulfil the ever-increasing demand for reliable and high-performance energy storage systems. This work briefly looks over the main aspects of printed electronics and its potential to accelerate the development of solid-state batteries. It emphasizes the main challenges related to the fabrication of solid-state batteries and how printed electronics can address them in a timely and affordable manner. Importantly, the proposed printed electronics methods and solutions highlight the ability for immediate upscaling to mass production as well as downscaling for rapid prototyping and custom designing.
Are changes in attitudes towards school associated with declining youth drinking? A multi-level analysis of 37 countries
Authors: Stevely Abigail K , Vashishtha Rakhi , Fairbrother Hannah , Fenton Laura , Henney Madeleine , Livingston Michael , Holmes John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundChanges in adolescents’ attitudes towards school are a potential explanation for recent declines in young people’s alcohol consumption. However, this has not been tested using multi-national survey data, which would permit stronger causal inferences by ruling out other country-specific explanations. This study, therefore, uses an international survey of schoolchildren to examine the associations between changing attitudes towards school and adolescent alcohol consumption.MethodsWe used data from 247 325 15-year-olds across 37 countries participating in four waves of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (2001/02–2013/14). Attitudes towards school were assessed using two measures—self-reported pressure from schoolwork and whether respondents like school. Outcome measures were weekly alcohol consumption and having been drunk twice in one’s lifetime. We used whole population and gender-specific hierarchical linear probability models to assess the relationship between attitudes and alcohol outcomes within countries over time.ResultsCountry-level changes over time in liking school were not associated with changes in alcohol consumption. However, a 10% increase in feeling pressured by schoolwork was associated with a 1.8% decline in drunkenness [95% confidence interval (CI): −3.2% to −0.3%] and weakly associated with a 1.7% decline in weekly drinking (95% CI: −3.6% to 0.2%). Among girls only, increases in feeling pressured by schoolwork were associated with a 2.1% decline in weekly drinking (95% CI: −3.7% to −0.6%) and a 2.4% decline in drunkenness (95% CI: −3.8% to −1.1%).ConclusionChanges in attitudes towards school may have played a minor role in the decline in alcohol consumption among adolescent girls only.
Dietary fibre intake is associated with reduced risk of lung cancer: a Japan public health centre-based prospective study (JPHC)
Authors: Cai Honglin , Sobue Tomotaka , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Ishihara Junko , Murai Utako , Sawada Norie , Iwasaki Motoki , Yamaji Taiki , Inoue Manami , Tsugane Shoichiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Several epidemiological studies have been conducted to draw consistent conclusions regarding the effect of dietary fibre on lung diseases and lung cancer. However, the effect of dietary fibre on the incidence of lung cancer remains unclear in an Asian population.

Methods
We investigated the association between the intake of total dietary fibre and dietary fibre from different food sources and lung cancer incidence in a Japan public health centre-based prospective study (JPHC). A total of 73 405 participants (33 012 men and 40 393 women) aged 45–74 years were eligible for our study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
During a median follow-up of 18.0 years, 1546 (1042 men and 504 women) newly diagnosed cases of lung cancer were ascertained. In the multivariable models, total dietary fibre intake was inversely associated with lung cancer risk in men, the HRs Q5 vs Q1 (95% CI) were 0.77 (0.62 to 0.94), P-trend = 0.020. Dietary fibre intake from vegetables was protectively associated with lung cancer risk in men [HR Q5 vs Q1 (95% CI): 0.80 (0.64 to 0.99), P-trend = 0.053]. However, no such association was observed in women.

Conclusions
In men, a high intake of total dietary fibre may have preventive benefits for lung cancer incidence: dietary fibre intake from vegetables was associated with a lower incidence of lung cancer. However, similar associations did not appear in women. Further investigations are required to confirm the association between dietary fibre and lung cancer risk in women.
Student pharmacist opioid risk consultations: a pre-post educational intervention study
Authors: Thakur Tanvee , Wyland Meredith , Chewning Betty 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The primary aim was to assess third year student pharmacists’ communication skills about opioid risks and safety before and after an educational intervention. This assessment was utilized to identify gaps that skills training programmes need to address for students and pharmacists.

Methods
Seventy-one students in 2018 (pre-intervention/baseline) and 133 students in 2019 (post-intervention) were videotaped during consultation with standardized patients receiving opioid medications for low back pain. The consults were quantitatively coded for what topics students discussed, terms used, eye contact and filler words. Coding of video-recording had high inter-rater reliability (kappa = 0.90).

Key findings
A significant increase was seen in the post-intervention phase compared with baseline data in the number of students who mentioned the term opioid and initiated conversations about opioid risks. The majority of student pharmacists discussed common opioid side effects and performed teach-back with patients. In both of the phases, students used more filler words when discussing dependence, addiction or overdose risk when compared with the rest of the consult. At baseline, students in the expressed discomfort and desired additional training and resources for communicating about opioids, and students in the post-intervention phase reported increased confidence.

Conclusions
This educational intervention demonstrated improved opioid risk communication skills among student pharmacists. This study warrants national evaluation of student pharmacist preparedness and provision of structured education and training as necessary to help empower student pharmacists as opioid risk and safety educators.
Crossover of the patient satisfaction surveys, adverse events and patient complaints for continuous improvement in radiotherapy department
Authors: Cucchiaro SÉverine , Princen Fabienne , Goreux JoËlle , Cunin Marie-Pierre , Jacques Jessica , Delgaudine Marie , Coucke Philippe Antoine 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective
The patient’s needs and expectations can be assessed through satisfaction surveys, adverse event declarations and records of complaints. By cross-referencing individual complaints, satisfaction surveys and the adverse events received, we could get valuable information. The objective is to identify common elements of work between these different sources to improve care.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients’ complaints, surveys and adverse events was carried out in order to highlight common improvement items between these three sources of information.

Results
A satisfaction survey was given to the patients at the end of their treatment, who filled it out and left it in the ‘ad hoc’ letterbox. At the end of December 2019, 4695 questionnaires had been collected (response rate 37%). In addition, since 2014, 1369 patients (∼20 patients per month) have been interviewed ‘face to face’ by the research nurse who assesses their satisfaction using open questions. At the same time, a collection of complaints and adverse events was carried out. All these data have been analysed and cross-checked in order to highlight areas for improvement and strengthen the safety and quality of care in our department.

Conclusions
Collect and analyse satisfaction surveys, unexpected events and complaints constitute in our opinion, an effective tool to achieve patient empowerment. We aim for the patients to become a real player in their safety and involve in the overall effort to improve the quality of their radiotherapy treatment by reporting what does not meet their expectations.
Novel probe-based melting curve assays for the characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium
Authors: Tickner Jacob A. , Bradshaw Catriona S. , Murray Gerald L. , Whiley David M. , Sweeney Emma L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Mycoplasma genitalium infection is a sexually transmitted infection that has rapidly become resistant to mainstay treatments. While individualized treatment approaches have been recommended and adopted for macrolides, individualized therapy for fluoroquinolones has not yet been explored, due to a lack of commercial molecular assays and a lack of confidence in specific mutations associated with resistance. In another recent study, we defined a clear role and diagnostic utility in focusing on the absence of resistance mutations to inform microbial cure with fluoroquinolone antimicrobials.

Methods
We developed two proof-of-concept molecular tests that focus on detection of M. genitalium and characterization of WT parC sequences that are strongly linked to fluoroquinolone susceptibility.

Results
We screened a total of 227 M. genitalium-positive samples using novel molecular beacon and dual hybridization probe assays. These assays were able to detect M. genitalium and characterize fluoroquinolone susceptibility in 143/227 (63%) samples, based on clear differences in melting peak temperatures. The results of these molecular assays were in 100% agreement with ‘gold standard’ Sanger sequencing. Additionally, WT parC sequences were readily distinguished from M. genitalium samples harbouring parC mutations of known or suspected clinical significance. The ability of the assays to successfully characterize fluoroquinolone susceptibility and resistance was reduced in low M. genitalium load samples.

Conclusions
These proof-of-concept assays have considerable potential to improve individualized treatment approaches and rationalize tests of cure for M. genitalium infection. The ability to initiate individualized treatment in up to two-thirds of cases will enhance antimicrobial stewardship for this challenging pathogen.
Identification Robust Testing of Risk Premia in Finite Samples
Authors: Kleibergen Frank , Kong Lingwei , Zhan Zhaoguo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe reliability of tests on the risk premia in linear factor models is threatened by limited sample sizes and weak identification of risk premia frequently encountered in applied work. We, therefore, propose novel tests on the risk premia that are robust to both limited sample sizes and the identification strength of the risk premia as reflected by the quality of the risk factors. These tests are appealing for empirically relevant settings, and lead to confidence sets of risk premia that can substantially differ from conventional ones. To show the latter, we revisit two high-profile empirical applications.
Thethesanproject: Lyman-α emission and transmission during the Epoch of Reionization
Authors: Smith A , Kannan R , Garaldi E , Vogelsberger M , Pakmor R , Springel V , Hernquist L 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTThe visibility of high-redshift Lyman-alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) provides important constraints on galaxy formation processes and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). However, predicting realistic and representative statistics for comparison with observations represents a significant challenge in the context of large-volume cosmological simulations. The thesan project offers a unique framework for addressing such limitations by combining state-of-the-art galaxy formation (IllustrisTNG) and dust models with the arepo-rt radiation-magnetohydrodynamics solver. In this initial study, we present Lyman-alpha centric analysis for the flagship simulation that resolves atomic cooling haloes throughout a $(95.5\, \text{cMpc})^3$ region of the Universe. To avoid numerical artefacts, we devise a novel method for accurate frequency-dependent line radiative transfer in the presence of continuous Hubble flow, transferable to broader astrophysical applications as well. Our scalable approach highlights the utility of LAEs and red damping-wing transmission as probes of reionization, which reveal nontrivial trends across different galaxies, sightlines, and frequency bands that can be modelled in the framework of covering fractions. In fact, after accounting for environmental factors influencing large-scale ionized bubble formation such as redshift and UV magnitude, the variation across galaxies and sightlines mainly depends on random processes including peculiar velocities and self-shielded systems that strongly impact unfortunate rays more than others. Throughout the EoR local and cosmological optical depths are often greater than or less than unity such that the exp (− τ) behaviour leads to anisotropic and bimodal transmissivity. Future surveys will benefit by targeting both rare bright objects and Goldilocks zone LAEs to infer the presence of these (un)predictable (dis)advantages.
Fundamental challenges to remote sensing of exo-earths
Authors: Paradise Adiv , Menou Kristen , Lee Christopher , Fan Bo Lin 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Inferring the climate and surface conditions of terrestrial exoplanets in the habitable zone is a major goal for the field of exoplanet science. This pursuit will require both statistical analyses of the population of habitable planets as well as in-depth analyses of the climates of individual planets. Given the close relationship between habitability and surface liquid water, it is important to ask whether the fraction of a planet’s surface where water can be a liquid, χhab, can be inferred from observations. We have produced a diverse bank of 1874 3D climate models and computed the full-phase reflectance and emission spectrum for each model to investigate whether surface climate inference is feasible with high-quality direct imaging or secondary eclipse spectroscopy. These models represent the outcome of approximately 200 000 total simulated years of climate and over 50 000 CPU-hours, and the roughly 100 GB model bank and its associated spectra are being made publicly available for community use. We find that there are correlations between spectra and χhab that will permit statistical approaches. However, spectral degeneracies in the climate observables produced by our model bank indicate that inference of individual climates is likely to be model-dependent, and inference will likely be impossible without exhaustive explorations of the climate parameter space. The diversity of potential climates on habitable planets therefore poses fundamental challenges to remote sensing efforts targeting exo-Earths.
Usefulness of ultrasound as a predictor of elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis with polymyalgia rheumatica-like onset
Authors: Nawata Masao , Someya Kazuki , Kosaka Shunpei , Aritomi Takafumi , Funada Masashi , Fujita Yuya , Nagayasu Atsushi , Fujino Yoshihisa , Saito Kazuyoshi , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesDifferentiation between polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA), especially in elderly patients, is often difficult due to similarities in symptoms and serological kinetics. In this study, we aimed to analyse the predictors of EORA with PMR-like onset.MethodsSeventy-two patients diagnosed with PMR, who attended our hospital for routine care and underwent musculoskeletal ultrasonography at that time were evaluated. Synovitis was evaluated semi-quantitatively (0–3) by grey scale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) in 24 joints [both hands (wrist, metacarpophalageal, and proximal interphalangeal joints) and both shoulder joints].ResultsOverall, 18 patients had rheumatoid arthritis (25.0%); the mean age was 75.0 years, and 34.7% and 65.3% were male and female, respectively. In PMR and PMR/EORA groups, multivariate logistic analysis showed that rheumatoid factor positivity, GS ≥2 of hand joints, and PD ≥1 of hand joints were independent factors with significant differences. At least one of the three factors had a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 92.6%.ConclusionsThe presence of at least one of the criteria: rheumatoid factor positivity, GS ≥ 2, and PD ≥ 1 of hand joints, suggested the possibility of developing EORA within 1 year of PMR diagnosis.
Simple Adaptive Size-Exact Testing for Full-Vector and Subvector Inference in Moment Inequality Models
Authors: Cox Gregory , Shi Xiaoxia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We propose a simple test for moment inequalities that has exact size in normal models with known variance and has uniformly asymptotically exact size under asymptotic normality. The test compares the quasi-likelihood ratio statistic to a chi-squared critical value, where the degree of freedom is the rank of the inequalities that are active in finite samples. The test requires no simulation and thus is computationally fast and especially suitable for constructing confidence sets for parameters by test inversion. It uses no tuning parameter for moment selection and yet still adapts to the slackness of the moment inequalities. Furthermore, we show how the test can be easily adapted to inference on subvectors in the common empirical setting of conditional moment inequalities with nuisance parameters entering linearly. User-friendly Matlab code to implement the test is provided.
Neurological manifestations of Kyasanur Forest disease: a retrospective cohort study from South India
Authors: Gupta Nitin , Nallapati Vishnu Teja , Chunduru Kiran , Vithivattical Alphy Rose James , Kadavigere Rajagopal , Saravu Kavitha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) is a viral zoonotic disease where patients present with febrile illness and haemorrhagic manifestations in the first phase. In a small fraction of patients, the fever may be biphasic. This study aimed to describe the neurological manifestations of patients with KFD in the first and second phases of the illness.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of 297 patients admitted with a molecular diagnosis of KFD from December 2018 to December 2020. The case records of these patients were reviewed for evidence of neurological involvement.

Results
A total of 34 (11.5%) patients in the first phase and 16 (36.4%) patients in the second phase had neurological involvement. Altered sensorium, seizures and focal infarcts were common in the first phase, while cerebellar signs and leptomeningeal enhancement were common in the second phase.

Conclusions
Neurological involvement is seen in both phases of KFD. While in the first phase it is a result of possible encephalitis/encephalopathy, the second phase involvement is possibly due to postinfectious cerebellitis or meningitis.