bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The optimal 18F-Fluoromisonidazole PET threshold to define tumor hypoxia in preclinical squamous cell carcinomas using pO2 electron paramagnetic resonance imaging as reference truth.
Authors: Gertsenshteyn Inna , Epel Boris , Ahluwalia Amandeep , Kim Heejong , Fan Xiaobing , Barth Eugene , Zamora Marta , Markiewicz Erica , Tsai Hsui-Ming , Sundramoorthy Subramanian , Leoni Lara , Lukens John , Bhuiyan Mohammed , Freifelder Richard , Kucharski Anna , Giurcanu Mihai , Roman Brian , Karczmar Gregory , Kao Chien-Min , Halpern Howard , Chen Chin-Tu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose : To identify the optimal threshold in 18 F-Fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) PET images to accurately locate tumor hypoxia by using electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (pO 2 EPRI) as ground truth for hypoxia, defined by pO 2 ≤10mmHg. Methods: Tumor hypoxia images in mouse models of SCCVII squamous cell carcinoma (n=16) were acquired in a hybrid PET/EPRI imaging system two hours post-injection of FMISO. T2-weighted MRI was used to delineate tumor and muscle tissue. Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI parametric images of K rans and v e were generated to model tumor vascular properties. PET/EPR/MRI images were co-registered and resampled to isotropic 0.5mm voxel resolution for analysis. PET images were converted to standardized uptake value (SUV) and tumor-to-muscle ratio (TMR) units. FMISO uptake thresholds were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to find the optimal FMISO threshold and unit with maximum overall hypoxia similarity (OHS) with pO 2 EPRI, where OHS=1 shows perfect overlap and OHS=0 shows no overlap. The mean of the Dice Similarity Coefficient, normalized Hausdorff Distance, and accuracy were used to define the OHS. Monotonic relationships between EPRI/PET/DCE-MRI images were evaluated with the Spearman correlation coefficient to quantify association of vasculature on hypoxia imaged with both FMISO PET and pO 2 EPRI. Results: FMISO PET thresholds to define hypoxia with maximum OHS (both OHS=0.728±0.2) were SUV≥1.4×SUV mean and SUV≥0.6×SUV max . No strong correlations were observed between hypoxia images (EPRI and FMISO PET) with vascular permeability ( K trans ) or fractional extracellular-extravascular space ( v e ) from DCE-MRI. Conclusion: This is the first in vivo comparison of FMISO uptake with pO 2 EPRI to identify the optimal FMISO threshold to define tumor hypoxia, which may successfully direct hypoxic tumor boosts in patients, enhancing tumor control.
Recirculation of activated sludge for coagulant synthesis under hydrothermal conditions
Authors: wang lu , Li Dapeng , Li Xueying , Liang Hui , Yue Wei , Wang Lingzhi , Pan Yang , Huang Yong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A hypothesis was proposed that the activated sludge was converted into hydrochar full of phenolic hydroxyl and then was made into coagulant by graft copolymerization. The results show that under the addition of HCl, the content of phenolic hydroxyl on the surface of hydrochar (SBC) under hydrothermal conditions increased sharply, up to 1.586 mmol/g, showing that HCl dosage of 0.10 g/g dry sludge and holding time of 4h was recommended. Under graft copolymerization with the addition of DMC, the coagulant was synthesized. Based on the analysis by FTIR, XPS, zeta potential, et al., the possible synthesis route of coagulant from SBC was that phenolic hydroxyl on SBC was activated by the initiator and then the polymerization between SBC and DMC was triggered. The optimal grafting conditions are gotten. It was named as SBCHCl0.10g, 4h-g-DMC0.7. The removal by SBCHCl0.10g, 4h-g-DMC0.7 on COD and turbidity in domestic wastewater is up to 69% and 93%, respectively. The component of COD indicated that almost all particulate COD and most of colloidal COD are removed. On the contrary, the removal on dissolved COD can be neglected. Most of NH3-N and P is kept in the wastewater. This is favor of subsequent reuse and biological treatment.
Embracing Crisis: What Change in Business Resilience and Growth Strategy After Pandemic
Authors: Setiawan Agus , bachtiar nia kurniati , Prastyan Galih Adi , Kijkasiwat Ploypailin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to elaborate changing in business resilience and growth as basic reaction of crisis. By making a proposed model for business sustainability after crisis, this study detailed resilience and growth to stages to explain both processes. The model can also assist entrepreneurs to deal with crisis in term of what to do and what condition will they face. This qualitative study used purposive sampling and 13 case studies were included to build line-in-line coding and shape a proposed model by conducting semi-structured interview and FGD. Basically, this study reveals resilience and growth steps to help entrepreneurs to avoid misleading strategy. To complete the findings, we found that digital imperatives can faster both processes to reach sustainability. This paper draws on organisational resilience theory by using stages and deliver a bridge to achieve business sustainability and provides more practical steps to deal with crisis and gain business sustainability.
Prognostic Significance of Plasma Insulin Level for Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Critical Care
Authors: DU Min , TANG Rui , LIU Hai-Yan , JI Zong-Shu , GAO Zhi , WANG Ying , YOU He-Yang , HAO JI-Wei , ZHANG Qing-Hong , ZHOU Min 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Whether insulin resistance is underlying the deep venous thrombosis (DVT) development in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is elusive. To associate kinetics of plasma insulin level in patients with TBI with developing DVT in ICU.Methods:A prospective observational study of 73 patients with TBI who had measurements of insulin, glucose, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), inflammatory factors, and hematological profile within 4 preset time periods during the 14 days after TBI. Ultrasonic surveillance of DVT was tracked weekly for time-to-event analyses. Two-way ANOVA analysis was applied to determine whether the above factors could discriminate between patients with and without DVT, or with and without insulin therapy. Partial correlations of insulin level with all the variables were carried out separately in patients with or without DVT. Factors associated with DVT were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression. Neurological outcome 6 months after TBI was assessed for Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).Results:Among patients with an average (SD) age of 53±16 years, DVT developed in 20 (27%) on mean (median) TBI day 10±8. The 14-day insulin levels were higher in patients with DVT (P=0.01). Platelet profile discriminated significantly between patients with and without DVT. Surprisingly, none of other factors differed between the two groups. Patients with insulin therapy had significant higher insulin (P=0.006), glucose (P<0.001) and GLP-1 (P=0.01) levels, and were more likely to develop DVT (60% vs. 15%, P<0.001) with concomitant platelet depletion. Insulin levels correlated with glucose, GLP-1 levels, and platelet count exclusively in patients without DVT. Conversely, in patients with DVT, insulin correlated negatively with GLP-1 level (r=-0.297, P=0.016). Age (P=0.01) and elevated insulin level at day 4-7 (P=0.04) were independently associated with DVT. Patients with insulin therapy also showed worse GOS (P=0.001).Conclusions:Elevated insulin level in the first 14 days after TBI may present insulin resistance in TBI, which was associated with consistent platelet activation, thus increasing risk of DVT. Our data suggest that insulin resistance index may be a predictive biomarker for DVT. Trial registration: 2021-RE-017.
Numerical Investigation Of Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding Of AISI 304L And 410S Stainless Steels
Authors: Silva Yuri Cruz da , Andrade Tathiane C , Junior Francisco José Vieira de Oliveira , Santos Jorge F. dos , Marcondes Francisco , Miranda Helio C. , Silva Cleiton C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Friction stir welding (FSW) has been successfully used to join dissimilar materials with advantages such as incipient chemical mixing and positive recrystallization of the microstructure. However, to understand how welding parameters affect the thermal cycle and the material flow around the tool is essential to produce joints without defects. In this work, a numerical simulation of dissimilar joints of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel with AISI 410S ferritic stainless steel using the FSW technique was performed. The equations of the model were discretized by the Finite Volume Method (FVM), and the mixture between the materials was modeled by the Volume of Fluid method (VOF) using the ANSYS-fluent simulator. The results predicted the temperatures during the welding for different conditions and viscosity changes successfully. Furthermore, they predicted a better combination of welding parameters in relation to flash formation. The VOF method predicted the mixture of the materials. Furthermore the results indicated the location of each material and thus avoided unnecessary experimental tests.
HMGB1 Induce Lung Cancer By Promoting Cancer Cell Progress And Inhibiting Immunocytes’ Function
Authors: Chen Wenli , Qian Yike , Wen Lian , He Xueqing , Li Rongyu , Gui Lin , Yang Jiwen , Dong Bohan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a highly conserved nuclear protein, that plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development of cancer cells; however, its exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that HMGB1 endogenously expressed in Lewis lung cancer cells can promote proliferation of these cells. However, when Lewis cell lysates were introduced to immune cells, HMGB1 in tumor cell lysates (TCL) was found to have immunosuppressive effects, such as inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cytokine secretion. This inhibitory effect was found to be weakened after removing HMGB1 from TCL. Signal transduction pathway studies have shown that HMGB1 in TCL can inhibit the NF-кB signaling pathway in immune cells. It can also downregulate the expression of NF-кB, MMP-9, Bcl-2, and other cell-activating factors and simultaneously promote the expression of apoptosis-inducing factor Casp9. However, endogenous HMGB1 has the opposite effect on these signal transduction molecules in Lewis lung cancer cells. In summary, HMGB1 endogenously expressed in Lewis lung cancer cells can promote the proliferation of tumor cells, but the release of HMGB1 from necrotic and ruptured tumor cells induces immune cell apoptosis and functional inhibition. This enables HMGB1 to promote tumorigenesis while protecting cancer cells from attack by immune cells, thereby creating a microenvironment conducive to the growth of lung cancer cells. This induction of tumorigenesis is related to the activation of the NF-кB signaling pathway in tumor or immune cells in different ways.
Isolation of circulating tumor cells from seminal fluid of patients with prostate cancer using inertial microfluidics
Authors: Rzhevskiy Alexey S. , Kapitannikova Alina Y. , Vasilescu Steven A. , Gavrilov Maksym Y. , Bazaz Sajad Razavi , Taratkin Mark S. , Enikeev Dmitry V. , Lekarev Vladimir Yu. , Shpot Evgeniy V. , Butnaru Denis V. , Deyev Sergey M. , Thiery Jean Paul , Zvyagin Andrei V. , Warkiani Majid Ebrahimi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis is primarily based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and prostate tissue biopsies. However, PSA testing has relatively low specificity, while tissue biopsies are highly invasive and have relatively low sensitivity at early stages of PCa. As an alternative, we developed a technique of liquid biopsy, based on isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from seminal fluid (SF). The recovery of PCa cells from SF was demonstrated using PCa cell lines, achieving the efficiency and throughput as high as > 82% and ~ 1.7 mL min− 1, respectively, while > 99% of sperm cells was disposed of. The introduced approach was further tested in clinical setting by collecting and processing SF samples of PCa patients. The yield of isolated CTCs was measured as high as 613 cells per SF sample in comparison with that of 6 cells from SF of healthy donors, holding significant promise for PCa diagnosis. The correlation analysis of the isolated CTC amounts with the standard prognostic parameters such as Gleason score and PSA serum level showed correlation coefficient values at 0.40 and 0.73, respectively. Taken together, our results show promise of the developed liquid biopsy technique to augment the existing diagnosis and prognosis of PCa.
Bioactive secondary metabolites from marine Actinomyces sp. AW6 with an evaluation of ADME-related physicochemical properties
Authors: Abdellatif Mohamed , Hamed Ahmed A. , ghareeb Mosad , Abdel-Hamid Eman A.A. , Ibrahim Mohamed Khaled 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potentials of crude extract of marine actinomycetes spp. isolated from the Red Sea water at Hurghada, Egypt. Out of 80 actinomycetes isolates, the isolate Actinomyces sp. AW6 was selected based on its antioxidant (IC50 about 5.24 µg/ml which scavenged 91% of formed DPPH free radicals) and antimicrobial potential against E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa, A. niger, and C. albicans. The strain was identified based on phenotypic and genotypic analysis and deposited in the GenBank with accession number OK090864. 1. Cultivation of the selected strain on rice, chromatographic purification, and structural elucidation led to the isolation of two compounds C1: umbelliferone and C2: 1-methoxy-3-methyl-8-hydroxy-anthraquinone. The antimicrobial activity of the obtained compounds showed that C1 and C2 have low antibacterial activity toward S. aureus and E. coli with no pronounced activity toward P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. niger. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of C1 and C2 revealed that C2 has a good antioxidant activity, with DPPH scavenging activity reaching (55.25%), followed by C1 (30.20%). Moreover, both compounds displayed anti-Gyr-B enzyme activity with IC50 value of (3.79 ± 0.21 µM) for C1, and (IC50 = 13 ± 0.71µM) for C2. The ADME-related physicochemical properties of the obtained compound were predicted using SwissADME web tools and the ProToxii webserver was used to estimate in silico toxicity.
Surface Properties of Alkylsilane Treated Date Palm Fiber
Authors: Perera Helanka , Goyal Anjali , Alhassan Saeed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present work focuses on investigating the effect of short chain alkylsilane treatment on the surface characteristic of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) fiber. Raw date palm fiber was treated with octylsilane and surface properties of treated fiber was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) on configuring the thermal stability, chemical structures and surface properties (morphology, hydrophobicity and crystallinity). Thermal properties, hydrophobicity and crystallinity increased with introducing octylsilane compared to raw date palm fiber. The SEM and XRD experimental results showed that the alkylsilane treatment can effectively remove non-crystalline cellulosic materials. Thermal stability, hydrophobicity and crystallinity of the fibers were found to increase on alkylsilane-treatment. The results indicated that alkylsilane-treated DPFs were a suitable reinforcing substitute for hydrophobic polymer composite.
Newborn Screening for SMA – Burden and Quality of Life of Parents One Year on
Authors: Kölbel Heike , Vill Katharina , Modler Laura , Blaschek Astrid , Schara-Schmidt Ulrike , Schwartz Oliver , Müller-Felber Wolfgang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The NBS projects started in February 2018 in Germany. The aim of our study was to assess the psychosocial burden in parents of children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) detected by newborn screening (NBS). Follow-up a year on after diagnosis included 3 parent-related questionnaires to evaluate the psychosocial burden, quality of life (QoL)/satisfaction and work productivity and activity impairment of families with a positive result after NBS.Results: 42/44 families were included. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between families with treated vs. untreated children as to social burden (p=0.016) and personal strain/worries about the future (p=0.02), whereas the evaluation of the QoL showed no significant differences between treated vs. untreated children. Fathers of treated children felt more negative effects regarding their productivities at work (p=0.005) and more negative effects on daily activities (p=0.022) in the last seven days than fathers of untreated children. Conclusion: NBS for SMA has a psychosocial impact on families due to medical treatment and triggers worries about the future, emphasizing the need for comprehensive multidisciplinary care.
Pulmonary Function Assessment of Woodworkers Exposed to Mixed Tropical Hardwood Dust in Kumasi
Authors: Ennin Isaac Ekow , Frempong Margaret Agyei , Yeboah Francis. A. , Maalman Raymond Saa-Eru 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Several studies have shown that exposed woodworkers present frequent respiratory symptoms and reduced lung volumes and airflow values including FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEFR than controls from the general population. However, other studies have reported no significant negative health effects of wood dust on the respiratory system, no relationship between wood dust and respiratory symptoms, insignificant changes in lung function and normal FEV1 and FVC values in woodworkers compared to non-exposed controls. The effect of wood dust on the pulmonary function depends on the wood species, phytochemicals present in the wood and the concentration level of ambient air wood dust exposed to the woodworkers. The ambient air dust concentration level at the wood workshops may depend on the humidity and ventilation at the workshops. The workshops at the Sokoban Wood Village are well ventilated. This study aimed at assessing the pulmonary function of woodworkers exposed to mixed tropical hardwood in Kumasi.
Method
The study was carried out among woodworkers, teachers and security men located in Kumasi. A cross-sectional, cluster and convenient sampling of 175 adult male workers were selected (86 woodworkers and 89 non-woodworkers) to participate in the study. Pulmonary function assessment was carried out using a modified version of the British Medical Research Council’s (MRC) questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and the spirometer (Alpha Vitalograph) for lung function testing. The relative humidity and the level of wood dust exposure to woodworkers were measured using the personal exposure meter (PATS+: Berkeley Air Monitoring Group).
Results
The mean % relative humidity in the workshop was 67.6 and ambient air wood dust concentration ranged between (0.003–1.02) mg/m3. The frequency of respiratory symptoms at the workplace was prevalent among the woodworkers ranging between (8–76%) (p < 0.05). However, the lung volumes and airflow values were not significantly reduced in the woodworkers (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
The study reveals that woodworkers exposed to mixed tropical hardwood dust shows a less frequent respiratory symptoms with an insignificant reduction in the lung volumes and airflow values at the workplace due to low ambient air wood dust concentration.
Nonreciprocal and chiral single-photon scattering for giant atoms
Authors: Chen Yaotong , Du Lei , Guo Lingzhen , Wang Zhihai , Zhang Yan , Li Yong , Wu Jin-Hui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the nontrivial single-photon scattering properties of giant atoms coupled to waveguides that can be an effective platform for realising nonreciprocal and chiral quantum optics. For the two-level giant-atom setup, we identify the condition for nonreciprocal transmission: the external atomic dissipation is further required other than the breaking of time-reversal symmetry by local coupling phases. Especially, in the non-Markovian regime, unconventional revival peaks periodically appear in the reflection spectrum of such a two-level giant-atom system. To explore more interesting scattering behaviours, we further extend the two-level giant-atom system to Δ-type and ∇-type three-level giant atoms coupled to double waveguides without external atomic dissipation. We analyse the different physical mechanisms for the nonreciprocal and chiral scattering properties of the ∆-type and ∇-type giant atoms. Our proposed giant-atom structures have potential applications of high-efficient single-photon targeted router and circulator for quantum information precessing.
Fatigue Detection In Elite Footballers Through The Use Of Thermography
Authors: Majano Carlos , García-Unanue Jorge , Hernández-Martín Antonio , Sánchez-Sánchez Javier , Gallardo Leonor , Felipe Jose Luis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Football is a very demanding sport where many injuries take place because of fatigue. Thermography can be used to detect fatigue and prevent its consequences, through thermal asymmetries in the bilateral body areas, but its adequacy for elite footballers has not been widely studied. Therefore, the objective of the present investigation was to determine the suitability of thermography to detect fatigue in male football players. Twenty elite male football players were gathered into pair of subgroups (low [<0,2 ºC] vs high thermal asymmetry [≥0,2 ºC]) based on a thermography session of the lower limbs (anterior and posterior part). Afterwards, players performed a vertical jump test (CMJ) before and after a Repeated Sprint Test (RSA) (6x30 m/20"). No significant differences (p ≤0,05) were found in any of the RSA test variables between the low and high thermal asymmetry groups in thighs and calves, while the low thermal asymmetry hamstring group reported lower %Diff and higher %Best in some sprints. As for vertical jump, the low thermal asymmetry hamstring group reported significantly higher values in the CMJ Post-RSA. In accordance with these results, thermography seems to be an useful tool to detect fatigue in elite footballers, as hamstrings temperature asymmetries over 0,2 ºC seem to be an indicative of it.
Temporary Reduction in VOCs Associated with Health Risk During and After COVID-19 in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Singh Bhupendra Pratap , Kumari Saumya , Nair Arathi , Kumari Sweety 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An unprecedented novel coronavirus has affected almost all countries and impacted the economy, environment, and social life. The short-term impact on the environment and human health needs attention to correlate the Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and health assessment for pre-, during, and post lockdowns. Therefore, the current study demonstrates VOC changes and their effect on air quality during the lockdown. The mean TVOCs concentrations for all monitoring stations 15.45, 2.82, and 19.25 µg/m3, respectively, for pre-, during, and post-lockdown periods. The highest value of TVOCs was observed at Thane, considered an industrial region (petroleum refinery and chemical industries), and the lowest at Bandra, which was considered a residential region, respectively. The VOCs levels drastically decreased by 52%, 89%, 80%, and 97% for Benzene, Toluene, Eth-benzene, and M-xylene, respectively, during the lockdown period compared to the corresponding period in 2019. In the present study, the T/B ratio was found lower in the lockdown period as compared to the pre-lockdown period. This can be attributed to the complete closure of non-traffic sources such as industries and factories during the lockdown. The Lifetime Cancer Risk (LCR) values for all monitoring stations for benzene for pre-, during and post lockdown periods were higher than the prescribed value (1 x 10− 6), except during the lockdown period.