bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemometric evaluation of different parameters for removal of tembotrione (agricultural herbicide) from water by adsorption and photocatalytic degradation using sustainable nanotechnology
Authors: Lazarević Marina , Putnik Predrag , Šojić Merkulov Daniela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFractional multivariate design of experiments with seven factors was used to chemometrically evaluate adsorption of tembotrione on the surface of catalyst, efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of tembotrione, and removal efficiency. For adsorption, the experiments revealed two significant main effects (loading of TiO2 and concentration of KBrO3) and two interactions (loading of TiO2 × purging of O2 and loading of TiO2 × stirring during and 5 min before irradiation). Model for efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of tembotrione revealed three significant main effects (concentration of KBrO3, purging of O2, and stirring during and 5 min before irradiation), while overall removal efficiency had four significant main effects (concentration of KBrO3, purging of O2, loading of TiO2, and stirring during and 5 min before irradiation) and one two factor interaction (loading of TiO2 × concentration of KBrO3). The optimal removal yield of tembotrione was 99.5% with TiO2 loading of 1.25 mg/ml, KBrO3 concentration of 4.33 mM, β‐cyclodextrin with Au in the ratio 2:1, 3 ml/min O2 purging, and stirring before and during irradiation. The effect of tert‐butanol, NaF, EDTA × 2Na, and p‐benzoquinone on the tembotrione removal under optimal experimental conditions suggested that the relative contribution of various reactive species changed in following order: ˃ ●OHads ˃ h+ ˃ ●OHfree.
Lateral terrestrial water fluxes in the LSM of WRF‐Hydro: Benefits of a 2D groundwater representation
Authors: Rummler Thomas , Wagner Andreas , Arnault Joël , Kunstmann Harald 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe interactions between the atmosphere and the land surface are characterized by complex, non‐linear processes on varying time scales. The Noah‐MP is a medium complexity land‐surface model (LSM), which was recently selected as the new default LSM for the hydrologically enhanced Weather Research and Forecasting modelling system (WRF‐Hydro). Compared to its predecessor, several parameterizations were considerably improved and new ones added, inter alia more sophisticated groundwater descriptions, which aim to replace the traditional free‐drainage lower boundary condition. This study investigates the benefits that can be obtained from a two‐dimensional groundwater representation within the WRF‐Hydro modelling system by performing two offline simulations for the upper Danube river basin. In comparison to the free‐drainage reference simulation, the lateral routing of groundwater and the two‐way interaction with the water table greatly enhances small scale variability in simulated fields of soil moisture content and evapotranspiration (ET). The representation of upward fluxes from the aquifer helps to maintain higher soil moisture contents and thus ET during prolonged dry periods. These differences are rather small though (<2%) and explained by the fact that the study region is considered to be limited by radiative energy and not water availability. The most striking difference however is the performance gap in simulating streamflow. WRF‐Hydro with 2d groundwater scheme clearly outperforms the reference simulation in terms of performance metrics. A comparison with hourly streamflow observations for the water year of 2016 yields average Kling‐Gupta efficiencies of 0.79 versus 0.57 for the reference. Given that both model configurations were not calibrated beforehand, we conclude that the two‐dimensional groundwater option is especially beneficial for applications in poorly or even ungauged catchments. Furthermore, the inclusion of a so far missing compartment of the water cycle in the WRF‐Hydro modelling system allows for a more holistic representation of interactions between atmosphere land surface and subsurface, which will be advantageous in feedback studies with the fully coupled WRF‐Hydro.
Human health risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the European Vecht River
Authors: Duarte Daniel J. , Oldenkamp Rik , Ragas Ad M. J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can reach surface waters used for drinking water extraction and recreational activities, such as swimming and fishing. The aim of the present study was to systematically assess the lifetime human health risks posed by 15 individual APIs and their mixtures occurring in the German–Dutch transboundary Vecht River. An exposure model was developed and used to assess the combined risks of oral and dermal exposure under a variety of exposure conditions. A total of 4500 API uptake values and 165 lifetime risk values were estimated for 15 and 11 APIs, respectively. Overall, the lifetime human health risks posed by the APIs and their mixtures based on modeling results were deemed acceptable under typical exposure conditions. Under very extreme environmental conditions and human behavior, API mixture risks were of potential concern while the risks of individual APIs were negligible, with a few exceptions. The antibiotic doxycycline and analgesic phenazone showed the highest and lowest risks, respectively. The study did not evaluate the potential risks caused by metabolite compounds. Recommendations for water managers are provided to help improve the accuracy and utility of human health risk assessments of pharmaceuticals. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1639–1654. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
KEY POINTS
Human health risks from direct toxicity associated with the lifetime exposure to pharmaceutical residues in the Vecht's River catchment were predominantly below safe limits. Doxycycline and diclofenac pose the highest risk yet are below the risk threshold under normal environmental conditions for most individuals. Human features and behavior combined with environmental conditions of varied complexity can be integrated into a relatively simple deterministic exposure model to estimate lifetime health risks of pharmaceuticals in the water environment. Local, regional, and national authorities can readily gain insight into the potential human health risks based on minimal information, bypassing unnecessary and laborious risk assessment.
Frameworks for screening and risk management of chemicals and advanced materials: A critical review
Authors: Moore David W. , Ruffle Betsy , McQueen Andrew , Thakali Sagar , Edwards Deborah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Despite the evolution over the last half century of regulatory programs and frameworks developed for the evaluation of safety and management of risks associated with chemicals and materials, new and emerging contaminant issues continue to be identified. These recurring issues suggest a need for review and reflection on current approaches and strategies for ensuring the safety of chemicals and materials. Twelve existing frameworks relating to the evaluation and management of chemical or material risk were reviewed to identify potential process improvements for facilitating early identification of potentially problematic substances and better inform risk management strategies (e.g., prohibition, restricted use, or selection of safer alternatives). The frameworks were selected to represent a broad spectrum of regional, national, and international authorities and purposes, including preproduction evaluation of new substances, classification and hazard communication, identification of persistent pollutants, and identification of safer alternatives. Elements common to the frameworks were identified, as well as features unique to select frameworks. A comparative evaluation was performed, and potential new strategies and approaches were identified to inform process improvement recommendations. These recommendations include requiring validated analytical procedures to enable measurement in environmental media, improved data transparency and accessibility, flexibility to incorporate advances into the state of the practice (e.g., new approach methodologies and high-throughput assessment tools), and incorporation of monitoring and adaptive management strategies to enable more timely intervention. Process improvement recommendations are discussed and summarized in a conceptual risk management framework. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1192–1206. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC). This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Human Systems Integration for Organizational Longevity When Innovation is Key
Authors: Taylor Julia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOrganizations that thrive in the long run must innovate. Innovation often means that old business endeavors have to yield to the new technology. This is difficult when operations are well established and profitable. Yet it is essential for long term success. Systems Thinking offers principles for developing a methodology for integrating human systems so that this is possible. Systems Thinking takes advantage of overall holistic views which allow for new ways for connections between people to manifest. This paper is about developing this methodology so that management and technical workers are in sync as new technology moves forward. The emphasis of the paper is focused on the way the interactions occur and how the process unfolds as new technology becomes more inevitable.
Interactive Systems: a Unique Place for Human‐Hardware‐Software Integration and their Vulnerability to Human‐Made and Natural Faults
Authors: Palanque Philippe , Martinie Célia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInteractive systems are complex systems that allow operators to control and monitor other systems. The interactive systems offer one or several user interfaces, composed of hardware and software components, which are used by the operators to perform their tasks. The complexity of interactive systems lays in its nature (hardware and software integration) but also in the rapidly evolving technology (new input and output devices, new interaction techniques …). This paper argues that these interactive systems are the very place where human‐system integration takes place. It is thus important to design, develop, test, certify and deploy them very carefully. Unfortunately, methods, techniques and tools from software and system engineering need deep tuning to be adapted to their characteristics. The paper presents a generic, customizable interactive system architecture and highlights how its components relate to the human operator. It also presents a taxonomy of possible faults that may degrade the behavior of the various components. We demonstrate that these two contributions can be jointly used to systematically identify possible faults (both in the operator and in the system) and proposes mechanisms to prevent, remove or tolerate them.
KLHL38 facilitates staurosporine‐induced apoptosis in HL‐1 cells via myocardin degradation
Authors: Luo Ying , Tian Lei , Liang Chen , Xu Yao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCardiac apoptosis has been identified as one of the main precipitating factors of heart failure (HF) throughout the whole course of progressive disease. Limited to the lack of diagnostic markers and effective drug targets, cardiac apoptosis is still a major clinical challenge. Here, we reveal a potential novel therapeutic target for cardiac apoptosis. In the cause of the study, we found that KLHL38 was highly expressed in cardiac tissue of HF patients via GEO data‐mining, which was further verified in the heart tissue of transverse aortic constriction mice. Meanwhile, the expression of KLHL38 is negatively correlated with myocardin protein level, which is a key cardiac apoptosis regulator. The KLHL38 overexpression obviously promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis treated with staurosporine by facilitation of myocardin's ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. These findings reveal a new therapeutic target, which may provide a new theoretical foundation for the treatment of myocardial apoptosis in clinical practice.
Transplantation of decellularised human amniotic membranes seeded with mesenchymal stem cell‐educated macrophages into animal models
Authors: Ebrahimi Loghman , Samadikuchaksaraei Ali , Joghataei Mohammad Taghi , Safa Majid , Abtahi Froushani Seyyed Meysam , Ghasemian Melina , Zolfaghari Samira , Mozafari Masoud , Brouki Milan Peiman 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe reconstruction of chronic skin wounds remains a public health challenge in dermatology. Precisely controlling and monitoring the wound‐healing process should result in enhanced outcomes for the patient. Cell‐based therapies have shown great potential in medicine due to their immunomodulatory and healing properties. Herein, we produced activated macrophages by treating circulating monocytes with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) supernatant. We also demonstrated the critical role of activated macrophages transplantation using amniotic membranes in accelerating wound healing in an animal wound model. The activated macrophages not only exhibited immunomodulatory cytokines like transforming growth factorβ (TGFβ) and interleukin 10 (and IL10) secretion but also showed attachment and proliferation ability on the amniotic membrane scaffold. Moreover, MSCs supernatant‐treated cells also displayed significant ARG1, CD206, and IL 10 genes expression. Inspired by the in vitro results, we examined the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the activated macrophage transplantation using an acellular amniotic membrane carrier in a full‐thickness cutaneous wound model. The wound healing rate was significant in the group treated with macrophages generated via mesenchymal cell therapy seeded human amniotic membrane. There was less scarring in the wound sites after placing cell‐scaffold constructs in the wound sites in the animal models. Overall, macrophages stimulated with mesenchymal cells' supernatant exhibited improved healing processes in incisional wounds by decreasing the inflammatory phase, increasing angiogenesis, and reducing scar tissue development.
Surface tethered xylosidase activity improved xylan conversion in engineered strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kruger Francois , den Haan Riaan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSecond‐generation biofuel production strategies require utilization of the largest possible fraction of the available sugars in renewable biomass. Xylose can make up as much as 35% of plant dry cell weight (DCW), primarily in the form of the hemicellulose polymer xylan. Xylo‐oligosaccharides (XOS) are breakdown products of xylan released during pre‐treatment and hydrolysis that may inhibit the fermentation process. To enable growth on xylan and the removal of inhibitory XOS, CRISPR‐Cas9 was used to confer xylanase and GH43 xylosidase activity to xylose‐assimilating Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Xylosidase activity was engineered to be cell free or tethered to the yeast cell surface.RESULTSGene‐integration and expression of both xylanolytic enzyme‐encoding genes was successful. Secretion yielded higher overall xylosidase activity when strains were cultivated on glucose, but cell‐associated activity was higher when strains were cultivated in the presence of xylose. Growth trials on both xylan and XOS showed that a combination of both enzymes, along with cell‐associated xylosidase production, resulted in the best growth on both substrates. The increased growth on xylan also translated to substantial improvements in ethanol production from polymeric xylan as sole carbon source.CONCLUSIONIncreased enzyme production, growth capabilities, and hemicellulosic substrate conversion due to cell‐tethered activity over secreted activity were shown for the first time. The use of a GH43 xylosidase to help avoid problematic transglycosylation for this purpose is also novel. The development of S. cerevisiae strains capable of xylan utilization and fermentation brings the industry a step closer to the ideal of utilizing the full range of sugars in biomass feedstocks for large scale ethanol production. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Prairie strips’ effect on transport of antimicrobial resistance indicators in poultry litter
Authors: Flater Jared S. , Alt Laura M. , Soupir Michelle , Moorman Thomas B. , Howe Adina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPoultry litter is a valuable nutrient resource for agricultural production but is also a potential source for introducing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and litter‐associated bacteria (LAB) to the environment. Prairie strips have been demonstrated as an effective conservation practice to improve environmental quality in agroecosystems. This research aims to assess prairie strips’ potential for reducing the transport of LAB and ARGs in runoff after litter application. Plot‐scale rainfall simulations were performed using a replicated block design, with soil and surface runoff samples taken during the rainfall event. Microbial taxa and ARGs were characterized in the litter, soil, and water samples. In plots with litter application, LAB and ARGs were mainly detected in runoff, with very low detection in soils. Detection of ARGs in runoff, irrespective of strip installations, is consistent with previous observations of litter as a source of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) risks. The effectiveness of prairie strips to remove LAB and ARGs varied. In two of the three prairie strip plots, fewer AMR indicators were detected relative to control plots, suggesting that the prairie strips can potentially reduce these risks. In one plot, which was also associated with increased flow rate, we observed increased AMR indicators despite the installation of a prairie strip. Our observations highlight the need to prioritize understanding of soil properties even within the same site. Although we show that prairie strips can potentially reduce AMR risks, further research is needed to better understand the influence of rainfall timing, soil, and litter characteristics.
Minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy: Chronologic changes in the trends and clinical outcomes through a 15‐year, single‐center experience with 2212 patients
Authors: Park Yejong , Hwang Dae Wook , Lee Jae Hoon , Song Ki Byung , Jun Eunsung , Lee Woohyung , Hong Sarang , Kim Song Cheol 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe identified the chronologic changes in the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) for left‐sided pancreatic tumors in a single high‐volume center over a period of 15 years.MethodsBetween 2005 and 2019, 2212 patients underwent planned MIDP. Chronologic changes were analyzed according to 5‐year intervals (P1, P2, P3). Furthermore, we assessed the prognostic factors of open conversion and postoperative complications.ResultsMinimally invasive distal pancreatectomy has steadily increased during the last 15 years when compared to open distal pancreatectomy, from 10.8% to 84.9%. Also, MIDP for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been steadily increasing from 5.6% to 68.4%. According to the 5‐year intervals, lengths of hospital stay decreased, but age and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) ≥3 increased; conversely, the rates of Clavien–Dindo classification ≥grade 3 (9.5%) and postoperative pancreatic fistula (39.7%) showed no differences. The 90‐day mortality and open conversion rates were 0.2% and 3.5%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed malignancy and extended pancreatectomy were risk factors for open conversion. Furthermore, the poor prognostic factors for severe complications were malignancy, extended pancreatectomy, and ASA ≥3.ConclusionMinimally invasive distal pancreatectomy has become a popular procedure not only for benign cases but also for malignant ones. However, well‐organized training, experience and skill are necessary, especially for poor‐performance patients and extensively malignant conditions.
Accelerated exacerbation of global extreme heatwaves under warming scenarios
Authors: Han Qinmei , Sun Shao , Liu Zhao , Xu Wei , Shi Peijun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is generally believed that global warming drives an increase in heatwaves, but these changes vary regionally. Projected trends of heatwaves and comparisons between observed and projected heatwave trends are poorly understood. We selected multiple characteristics of global heatwave events, including indicators on heat‐related health impacts under historical and future scenarios from the NASA Earth Exchange/Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX‐GDDP) dataset. We quantified the trends in the frequency, intensity, duration and peak temperature of heatwave events and identified heatwave hotspots that respond dramatically to radiative forcing. Future simulations suggest a four‐fold increase in the duration of heatwaves by 2050s, spatially concentrated in central Africa, northern South America and Southeast Asia, and the maximum duration of single heatwave event will be up to 44 days under a high emission scenario. Accelerated increasing trends are also detected in intensity, total duration and temperature of heatwaves with up to 2‐fold, 8‐fold and 9‐fold larger than the trends of the baseline period under the high emission scenario. Considering socioeconomic exposure to extreme heatwaves, we identified some hotspot areas in western Europe, eastern North America and northern China that will face greater potential risks in the coming future and therefore need to urgently strengthen their adaptation capacity.
Jordan constants of quaternion algebras over number fields and simple abelian surfaces over fields of positive characteristic
Authors: Hwang WonTae 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe compute and provide a detailed description on the Jordan constants of the multiplicative subgroup of quaternion algebras over number fields of small degree. As an application, we determine the Jordan constants of the multiplicative subgroup of the endomorphism algebras of simple abelian surfaces over fields of positive characteristic.