bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High aquaporin expression correlates with increased translocation of quinclorac from shoots to roots in resistant Echinochloa crus‐galli var. zelayensis
Authors: Tong Yao , Li Yong‐Feng , Yi Shan‐Chi , Fan Dan‐Li , Qiu Zhuo‐Xun , Wei Chen‐Yang , Huang Meng‐Ge , Zeng Dong‐Qiang , Tang Wen‐Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundEchinochloa crus‐galli var. zelayensis is a troublesome weed in rice fields and can be controlled by using quinclorac. However, over‐reliance on quinclorac has resulted in resistant (R) barnyardgrass, which differs significantly in its ability to transport quinclorac compared to susceptible (S) barnyardgrass. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms for this different translocation between R and S barnyardgrass.ResultsLarger amount of quinclorac was transferred from shoots to roots in R compared to S barnyardgrass. After 1 day of quinclorac [300 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha−1] foliar treatment, its content in shoots of R was 81.92% of that in S barnyardgrass; correspondingly, in roots of R was 1.17 fold of that in S barnyardgrass. RNA‐sequencing and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) confirmed the expression levels of PIPs belonging to aquaporins (AQPs) in R were higher than in S barnyardgrass, with or without quinclorac treatment. With co‐application of quinclorac and AQPs inhibitors [mercury(II) chloride (HgCl2)] treatment, even though the expression levels of PIPs and the transport rates of quinclorac were both suppressed in R and S barnyardgrass, this process was less pronounced in R than in S barnyardgrass.ConclusionThis report provides clear evidence that higher PIPs expression results in rapid quinclorac translocation from shoots to roots and reduces the quinclorac accumulation in the shoot meristems in R barnyardgrass, thus reducing the control efficacy of quinclorac. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Validation of a novel path planner for stereotactic neurosurgical interventions—A retrospective clinical study
Authors: Wankhede Ajeet , Madiraju Likhita , Siampli Eleni , Fischer Elizabeth , Cleary Kevin , Oluigbo Chima , Monfaredi Reza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe gold standard workflow for targeting structures in the brain involves manual path planning. This preoperative manual path planning is very time‐intensive and laborious, especially when some outcome measures such as maximum ablation and penetration depth has to be optimised.MethodsOur novel path planner generates an optimal path which maximises the hippocampus penetration and distance from critical structures using a precomputed cost map and a reward map.ResultsThe average penetration ratio for 12 cases is 88.13 ± 23.23% for a resolution of 1° and a safety margin of 1 mm. Average run time for the path planner based on 1° resolution was 1.99 ± 0.68 min.ConclusionsResults show that the algorithm can generate safe and clinically relevant paths with a quantitative representation of the penetration depth and is faster than the average reported time for manual path planning.
Benzothiazole Derivatives Targeting G‐Quadruplex DNA: Synthesis, DNA Interaction and Living Cell Imaging
Authors: Wei Chunying , Li Haiying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe small molecule fluorescence probes for G‐quadruplexes (G4) play a vital role in the detection of G4. In this work, two novel D−π−A benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized, and their interactions with different secondary structure DNA, cytotoxicity, and intracellular distribution were investigated in detail. Both compounds have a high affinity and about 100‐fold turn‐on fluorescence response to the promoter G4 in buffer solution, moreover, the compound also stabilizes effectively the promoter G4 structure. Besides, both compounds have no influence on the conformation of the promoter G4, but they induce the folding of bcl‐2 from the coiled chain into the mixed‐type G4 in salt‐free buffer solution. The binding stoichiometries of the compound to bcl‐2, c‐kit2, and c‐myc G4 are near 2 : 1, 1 : 1, and 3 : 1, respectively, and the interactions are an enthalpy‐driven process. Furthermore, both compounds inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells, with IC50 values of 3.23 and 38.9 μM. The compound mainly distributes in the cytoplasm of living cells and might interact with DNA. The current results provide the valuable information for design of fluorescence probes targeting G4 in the living cell.
Energy justice in renewable energy projects: How learning about indigenous knowledge systems could inform systemic practice
Authors: Sankaran Shankar , McIntyre‐Mills Janet 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article is aimed at organisations and researchers to urge them to adopt more systemic ways to deal with energy justice issues in renewable energy projects being built around the world to help meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (UNSDG) 7. It will focus on solar and wind farms. While these projects positively contribute towards achieving UNSDG 7 (viz., affordable clean energy), they have also created a variety of justice issues, which need to be addressed. While measures have been taken more recently to redress these issues, we make the case that the application of systemic thinking and practice could maximise the positives and minimise negative impacts of creating short‐term fixes without addressing the underlying root causes of the issues. Using two case studies, we will show how working systemically with indigenous populations and considering indigenous knowledge systems could help in dealing with justice issues.
AKG induces cell apoptosis by inducing reactive oxygen species‐mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and by suppressing PI3K/AKT/mTOR‐mediated autophagy in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Fan , Xie Xuexia , Li Guoliang , Bao Dongping , Li Haomin , Wu Guohao , Lai Yiqi , Xing Yaping , Ouyang Peng , Chen Guo , Wang Zhifeng , Lai Caiyong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground: Alpha‐ketoglutarate (AKG) or 2‐oxoglutarate is a key substance in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and has been known to play an important role in cancerogenesis and tumor progression. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, and it has a high mortality rate. Autophagy is a phenomenon of self‐digestion, and its significance in tumor genesis and progression remains debatable. However, the mechanisms underlying how AKG regulates autophagy in RCC remain unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of AKG and its molecular mechanisms.Methods: RCC cell lines 786O and ACHN were treated with varying doses of AKG for 24 h. CCK‐8, Transwell, and scratch wound healing assays were utilized to evaluate the role of AKG in RCC cells. Autophagy protein and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway protein levels were analyzed by Western blot.Results: AKG inhibited the proliferation of RCC cells 786O and ACHN in a dose‐dependent manner according to the CCK‐8 assay. In addition, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis revealed that AKG dose‐dependently triggered apoptosis and autophagy in RCC cells. By promoting cell apoptosis and autophagy, AKG dramatically suppressed tumor growth. Mechanistically, AKG induces autophagy by promoting ROS generation and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.Conclusions: The anti‐tumor effect of AKG promotes autophagy in renal cancer cells via mediating ROS‐PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and may be used as a potential anticancer drug for kidney cancer.
Effect of Qing Chang oral liquid on the treatment of artificially infected chicken coccidiosis and the cellular immunity
Authors: Zhi‐qiang Yan , Qian‐lin Chen , Li‐zhi Fu , Wen‐gui Fu , Hua Zheng , Hong‐mei Tang , Shao‐qin Zhai , Chun‐lin Chen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundQing Chang oral liquid (QOL) is a veterinary drug, which mainly composed of Artemisiae annuae herba, Dichroae radix, Agrimonia pilosa and Sanguisorbae radix.ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the effect of Qing Chang Oral Liquid (QOL) on the treatment effect of artificially infected chicken coccidiosis and to the cellular immunity.MethodsHealthy Roman chickens were randomly divided into five groups: blank group, model group, QOL high‐, medium‐ and low‐dose groups. All the groups were orally administered with 1 × 104 sporulated oocysts (except the blank group). After 5 days of oral administration, the high‐, medium‐ and low‐dose groups of QOL were added to the drinking water at 2.4, 1.8 and 1.2 ml/kg, respectively. The blank and model groups were fed normally, and this experiment lasted for 7 days. The clinical signs were observed, and the relative weight gain, survival rate, cecum lesion score and oocyst value were measured to evaluate the effect of QOL. Meanwhile, the peripheral blood T‐lymphocyte subsets and cecal IL‐2, IL‐17, IFN‐γ mRNA expression were detected by flow cytometry and fluorescent quantitative PCR.ResultsThe chickens in the model group were in poor mental state, gathered together, had loose stools or bloody stools and had less food intake and less exercise. The chicken mental state improved, the food intake and drinking water increased, and the faeces are normal in the high‐, medium‐ and low‐dose groups, especially in the high‐dose group, the anti‐coccidial indexes were up to 173.08. No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05) in the peripheral blood CD3+, CD3+CD4+ between the experimental groups. Compared with the blank group, there were different degrees of increase in each dose drug group of the cecal IFN‐γ, IL‐2 and IL‐17 mRNA expression, but the high‐dose group was significantly reduced compared with the model group (p < 0.01), but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThis study suggests that QOL has positive anti‐coccidial effect but has no obvious effect on the cellular immunity.
Left Ventricle Contouring of Apical Three-Chamber Views on 2D Echocardiography
Authors: Gomez Alberto , Porumb Mihaela , Mumith Angela , Judge Thierry , Gao Shan , Kim Woo-Jin Cho , Oliveira Jorge , Chartsias Agis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe propose a new method to automatically contour the left ventricle on 2D echocardiographic images. Unlike most existing segmentation methods, which are based on predicting segmentation masks, we focus at predicting the endocardial contour and the key landmark points within this contour (basal points and apex). This provides a representation that is closer to how experts perform manual annotations and hence produce results that are physiologically more plausible. Our proposed method uses a two-headed network based on the U-Net architecture. One head predicts the 7 contour points, and the other head predicts a distance map to the contour. This approach was compared to the U-Net and to a point based approach, achieving performance gains of up to 22% in terms of landmark localisation ($${<}4.5$$

<
4.5

mm) and distance to the ground truth contour ($${<}3.0$$

<
3.0

mm).
Regular black holes without mass inflation instability
Authors: Carballo-Rubio Raúl , Di Filippo Francesco , Liberati Stefano , Pacilio Costantino , Visser Matt 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Generic models of regular black holes have separate outer and inner horizons, both with nonzero surface gravity. It has been shown that a nonzero inner horizon surface gravity results in exponential instability at the inner horizon controlled by this parameter. This phenomenon takes the name of “mass inflation instability”, and its presence has put in question the physical viability of regular black holes as alternatives to their (singular) general relativity counterparts. In this paper, we show that it is possible to make the inner horizon surface gravity vanish, while maintaining the separation between horizons, and a non-zero outer horizon surface gravity. We construct specific geometries satisfying these requirements, and analyze their behavior under different kinds of perturbations, showing that the exponential growth characteristic of mass inflation instability is not present for these geometries. These “inner-extremal” regular black holes are thereby better behaved than singular black holes and generic regular black holes, thus providing a well-motivated alternative of interest for fundamental and phenomenological studies.
Two-dimensional massive integrable models on a torus
Authors: Kostov Ivan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The finite-volume thermodynamics of a massive integrable QFT is described in terms of a grand canonical ensemble of loops immersed in a torus and interacting through scattering factors associated with their intersections. The path integral of the loops is evaluated explicitly after decoupling the pairwise interactions by a Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation. The HS fields are holomorphic fields depending on the rapidity and can be expanded in elementary oscillators. The torus partition function is expressed as certain expectation value in the Fock space of these oscillators. In the limit where one of the periods of the torus becomes asymptotically large, the effective field theory becomes mean field type. The mean field describes the infinite-volume thermodynamics which is solved by the Thermodynamical Bethe Ansatz.
Non-metricity signatures on the Higgs boson signal strengths at the LHC
Authors: Ilisie Victor 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work we study the high-energy Higgs boson phenomenology associated to the non-metricity scale ΛQ at the LHC. Non-metricity is present in more generic non-Riemannian geometries describing gravity beyond General Relativity and exhibits nice features in astronomy and cosmology, and it can be analysed perturbatively. Using effective field theory tools, we calculate the new physics contributions to the one-loop H → γγ and gg → H processes and, together with previous bounds from Compton scattering, we obtain relevant constraints and correlations in the model’s parameter space. This can help us take a step further, and no longer associate gravitational effects uniquely to astronomical phenomena, and to start analysing these effects by means of high energy experiments. In turn, this could also help us get a better grasp at quantum phenomena associated to gravity.
The massless thermal field and the thermal fermion bosonization in two dimensions
Authors: Akhmedov E. , Epstein H. , Moschella U. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We come back to the issue of bosonization of fermions in two spacetime dimension and give a new costruction in the steady state case where left and right moving particles can coexist at two different temperatures. A crucial role in our construction is played by translation invariant infrared states and the corresponding field operators which are naturally linked to the infrared behaviour of the correlation functions. We present two applications: a simple new derivation in the free relativistic case of a formula by Bernard and Doyon and a full operator solution of the massless Thirring model in the steady state case where the left and right movers have two distinct temperatures.
Italian Architectural Ratios in the British Rotunda Typology
Authors: Mols Nick M. L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStemming from centrally planned church architecture, the domestic rotunda type counts as one of the most renowned examples of Renaissance architectural conception. Often considered a physical and earthly manifestation of the divine, architects ordained rotunda symbolism through architectural ratio and proportion. While mostly linked to Italian examples, the rotunda typology also affected British architecture, as derived from the models of Serlio and Palladio. By combining 3D scanning and CAD analyses with historical methods, we scrutinise how commonplace architectural ratios shaped British rotunda plans in the cases of Hopetoun House and Chiswick House. At the same time, the architectural ratio proved a flexible tool to imitate and emulate Italian architectural models in its British context, making evident the richness and versatility of architectural models that British architects collated.
The rs1001179 SNP and CpG methylation regulate catalase expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Galasso Marilisa , Dalla Pozza Elisa , Chignola Roberto , Gambino Simona , Cavallini Chiara , Quaglia Francesca Maria , Lovato Ornella , Dando Ilaria , Malpeli Giorgio , Krampera Mauro , Donadelli Massimo , Romanelli Maria G. , Scupoli Maria T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an incurable disease characterized by an extremely variable clinical course. We have recently shown that high catalase (CAT) expression identifies patients with an aggressive clinical course. Elucidating mechanisms regulating CAT expression in CLL is preeminent to understand disease mechanisms and develop strategies for improving its clinical management. In this study, we investigated the role of the CAT promoter rs1001179 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and of the CpG Island II methylation encompassing this SNP in the regulation of CAT expression in CLL. Leukemic cells harboring the rs1001179 SNP T allele exhibited a significantly higher CAT expression compared with cells bearing the CC genotype. CAT promoter harboring the T -but not C- allele was accessible to ETS-1 and GR-β transcription factors. Moreover, CLL cells exhibited lower methylation levels than normal B cells, in line with the higher CAT mRNA and protein expressed by CLL in comparison with normal B cells. Methylation levels at specific CpG sites negatively correlated with CAT levels in CLL cells. Inhibition of methyltransferase activity induced a significant increase in CAT levels, thus functionally validating the role of CpG methylation in regulating CAT expression in CLL. Finally, the CT/TT genotypes were associated with lower methylation and higher CAT levels, suggesting that the rs1001179 T allele and CpG methylation may interact in regulating CAT expression in CLL. This study identifies genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying differential expression of CAT, which could be of crucial relevance for the development of therapies targeting redox regulatory pathways in CLL.
Graphical abstract
Concentration of solutions for fractional Kirchhoff equations with discontinuous reaction
Authors: Liu Zhisu , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Yuan Ziqing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the following fractional Kirchhoff equation with discontinuous nonlinearity$$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \left( \varepsilon ^{2\alpha }a+\varepsilon ^{4\alpha -3}b\int _{{\mathbb {R}}^3}|(-\Delta )^{\frac{\alpha }{2}} u|^2{{\mathrm{d}}}x\right) (-\Delta )^\alpha {u}+V(x)u = H(u-\beta )f(u) &{} \quad \text{ in }\,\,{\mathbb {R}}^3, \\ u\in H^\alpha ({\mathbb {R}}^3),\quad u>0 &{} \quad \text{ in }\,\, {\mathbb {R}}^3, \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}$$ε2αa+ε4α-3b∫R3|(-Δ)α2u|2dx(-Δ)αu+V(x)u=H(u-β)f(u)inR3,u∈Hα(R3),u>0inR3,where$$\varepsilon ,\beta >0$$ε,β>0are small parameters,$$\alpha \in (\frac{3}{4},1)$$α∈(34,1)anda, bare positive constants,$$(-\Delta )^{\alpha }$$(-Δ)αis the fractional Laplacian operator,His the Heaviside function,Vis a positive continuous potential, andfis a superlinear continuous function with subcritical growth. By using minimax theorems together with the non-smooth theory, we obtain existence and concentration properties of positive solutions to this non-local system.
White Matter Characteristics of Damage Along Fiber Tracts in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Huang Haoming , Ma Xiaomeng , Yue Xiaomei , Kang Shangyu , Li Yifan , Rao Yawen , Feng Yue , Wu Jinjian , Long Wenjie , Chen Yuna , Lyu Wenjiao , Tan Xin , Qiu Shijun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe white matter (WM) of the brain of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients is susceptible to neurodegenerative processes, but the specific types and positions of microstructural lesions along the fiber tracts remain unclear.MethodsIn this study 61 T2DM patients and 61 healthy controls were recruited and underwent diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI). The results were reconstructed with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI). WM microstructural abnormalities were identified using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Pointwise WM tract differences were detected through automatic fiber quantification (AFQ). The relationships between WM tract abnormalities and clinical characteristics were explored with partial correlation analysis.ResultsTBSS revealed widespread WM lesions in T2DM patients with decreased fractional anisotropy and axial diffusivity and an increased orientation dispersion index (ODI). The AFQ results showed microstructural abnormalities in T2DM patients in specific portions of the right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), right arcuate fasciculus (ARC), left anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), and forceps major (FMA). In the right ARC of T2DM patients, an aberrant ODI was positively correlated with fasting insulin and insulin resistance, and an abnormal intracellular volume fraction was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose. Additionally, negative associations were found between blood pressure and microstructural abnormalities in the right ARC, left ATR, and FMA in T2DM patients.ConclusionUsing AFQ, together with DTI and NODDI, various kinds of microstructural alterations in the right SLF, right ARC, left ATR, and FMA can be accurately identified and may be associated with insulin and glucose status and blood pressure in T2DM patients.
Tripleosteotomie bei Morbus Perthes
Authors: Ziebarth Kai , Kaiser Nadine , Slongo Theddy 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Operationsziel
Durch die Osteotomie des Ischium‑, Pubis- und Iliumknochens kann das Acetabulum über den Hüftkopf geschwenkt werden, sodass der meist anterolateral vorstehende Anteil des Hüftkopfes wieder überdacht wird. Das Ziel ist der Erhalt des Containments der Hüfte, hiermit ist die Wiederherstellung der Kongruenz zwischen dem lateralisierten Hüftkopf und dem Acetabulum gemeint. Das Acetabulum wirkt so als eine Art Schablone für den Hüftkopf, um eine möglichst sphärische Ausheilung des Hüftkopfes zu erreichen.

Indikationen
Schwere Morbus-Perthes-Erkrankung mit radiologisch sichtbarer Lateralisation des Hüftkopfes und Head-at-risk-Zeichen. Voraussetzung ist, dass der Hüftkopf sich konzentrisch reponieren lässt (Abduktionsaufnahme oder Arthrographie).

Kontraindikationen
„Hinged abduction“. Keine konzentrische Reposition des Hüftkopfes möglich.

Operationstechnik
Arthrographie des Hüftgelenkes zur Bestätigung der Operationsindikation. Darstellung und Osteotomie des Ischiums über einen modifizierten Ludloff-Zugang, Osteotomie des Iliums und Pubis über einen modifizierten Smith-Petersen-Zugang. Verbesserung der Hüftkopfüberdachung durch Schwenken des Acetabulums über den Hüftkopf. Fixation des azetabulären Fragmentes mit Vollgewinde-Kirschner-Drähten oder 3,5-mm-Kortikalisschrauben.

Weiterbehandlung
Mobilisation an Gehstöcken (kleine Kinder im Rollstuhl). Abstellen des Fußes erlaubt. Teilbelastung für 4 bis 6 Wochen (je nach Alter des Patienten). Danach bei im Röntgen guten Konsolidationszeichen Belastungsaufbau innerhalb 1 bis 2 Wochen.

Ergebnisse
Sehr gute Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Operationstechnik und Ausheilung in der eigenen Klinik. In einer eigenen noch nicht veröffentlichten Studie mit einem durchschnittlichen Untersuchungszeitraum von 5 Jahren zeigten sich bei 30 Patienten sehr gute klinische und radiologische Ergebnisse nach Tripleosteotomie bei Morbus Perthes.