bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-objective optimal edge-drop control in tandem cold rolling of silicon steel strip
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Li Jiannan , Li Xu , Duan Shuwei , Huang Huagui , Wang Dewei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In cold rolling of silicon steel strip, edge drop directly affects the side cutting and yield of silicon steel. To improve the edge drop of silicon steel in the cold rolling process, a multi-stand coordinated control strategy and model based on multi-objective optimization are proposed. The first step is to analyze the influence of each control stand work roll shifting (WRS) on edge drop through the finite element model (FEM), then determine the edge drop control effectiveness of each work roll shifting actuator. Meanwhile, a fitting model is proposed to solve the limitation caused by the discrete change of efficiency factors in solving the optimal adjustments of each WRS. On this basis, the target model for silicon steel edge drop control is formulated, and the optimal adjustment model of WRS of each stand is established. To realize the optimal coordinated control among the rolling mill stands, a multi-objective optimal model of edge drop control has been established by the overall modeling method. The improved penalty function algorithm is developed to calculate the optimal adjustment of WRS for each stand. The experiments and application show that the proposed multi-objective optimal control strategy and model can effectively improve the accuracy of edge drop control in silicon steel continuous cold rolling.
The Effect of Physical Activity on the Severity of Menopausal Symptoms: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wu SongWen , ShI Yi , ZHAO Qiao , Men Ke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the effect of physical activity on the severity of menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women in northwest China.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional internet survey study. Using a snowball sampling method, 468 women aged 45 to 60 were recruited from northwest China and their demographic information was collected. We then assessed their modified Kupperman Menopausal Index (mKMI) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF). Random forest (RF) was used to rank variable importance and select their optimal combination. An ordinal logistic regression model was further applied to explain the direction and relative risk (odds ratio value) of selected variables.
Results
The prevalence of menopausal syndromes was 74.8% and more than one-half of the participants had moderate or severe symptoms (54.3%). The Mantel-Haenszel linear-by-linear chi-square test showed a strong and negative correlation between the severity of menopausal symptoms and the level of physical activity. RF analysis demonstrated that the most significant variable associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms was physical activity level. Multiple RF regressions showed that the out-of-bag (OOB) error rate reaches the minimum when the top 4 variables (physical activity level, menopausal status, perceived health status, and parity) in the importance ranking form an optimal variable combination. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that a higher physical activity level and a satisfactory perceived health status might be protective factors for menopausal symptoms (odds ratio (OR) < 1); whereas perimenopausal or postmenopausal status and 2 parities might be risk factors for menopausal symptoms (OR > 1).
Conclusions
Physical activity has a very important effect on the severity of menopausal symptoms. There is a strong negative correlation between them. Although these findings need to be confirmed by prospective longitudinal studies, physical activity is still recommended to improve menopausal symptoms, thereby increasing the quality of life.
Chemical and evolutionary analysis of the scent gland secretions of two species of Gonyleptes Kirby, 1819 (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)
Authors: Vieira Matheus Lima Silva , Hara Marcos Ryotaro , Willemart Rodrigo Hirata , Santos Deborah Yara Alves Cursino dos , Sannomiya Miriam 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The subfamily Gonyleptinae is the second largest in Gonyleptidae, harboring over 100 species. Gonyleptinae is polyphyletic, nestled in the clade K92, and despite its richness, several species of that subfamily have not had their chemicals of the defensive secretions analyzed. Among these are Gonyleptes curticornis (Mello-Leitão, 1940) and G. horridus Kirby, 1819, the latter being particularly important because it is the type species of the genus, which in turn names the subfamily. Gonyleptes horridus is also used in many phylogenetic analyses, be it using morphological or molecular data. The chemical study of the secretions of these two species by GC-MS and NMR 1H showed the presence of 1-(6-isopropyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-methylbutanone, 1-(6-isopropyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl) isobutanone and 4- methyl-1-hepten-3-one in both species. On the other hand, 4-methyl-1 hexen-3-one, benzaldehyde and 3-octanone were observed only in G. curticornis. Both species are Gonyleptinae and chemical mapping of the group corroborates that vinyl ketones are synapomorphy of K92 and that the compound 1-(6-isopropyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl) isobutanone is synapomorphic to G. curticornis and G. horridus, but homoplastic to the genus Sodreana Mello-Leitão, 1922. 1-(6-(1-methyl-propyl)3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2yl)2-methylbutanone and 4-methyl-1-hepten3-one is also synapomorphic to G. curticornis and G. horridus, but homoplastic in Moreiranula saprophila.
Production of Metabolites During the Interaction of Susceptible and Resistant Melon Genotypes (Cucumis Melo L) With the Fungus Monosporascus Cannonballus
Authors: Marquez Sixto A. , Avila Carlos A. , Ibrahim Amir M. H. , Crosby Kevin M. , Singh Jashbir. , Patil Bhimanagouda S. , Pessoa Herika P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Vine decline disease (VDD) caused by the fungus Monosporascus cannonballus (MC), is a major threat to melons (Cucumis melo L.) production worldwide. Nonetheless, little is known about the metabolites produced during the interaction of melon plants with this pathogen. Thus, the goal of this study was to identify and measure quantities as well as time of appearance of metabolites produced during the interaction of a susceptible and a resistant genotype with the pathogen MC. A susceptible genotype labeled TAM-Uvalde and a resistant genotype labeled USDA PI 124104 were grown and inoculated with MC. Amino and phenolic acids as well as hormones were measured before inoculation (0 hours) and 24, 48, 72 hours, and 6 weeks after inoculation, using high performance liquid chromatography analysis.
Results
Several metabolites were identified and their quantities as well as time of appearance were measured in both genotypes. Interestingly, the presence of hydroxy proline seems to be associated with susceptibility since it was always up-regulated in higher quantities in response to pathogen infection in the genotype TAM-Uvalde. Also, the up-regulation in higher quantities of ɤ-amino butyric acid in the genotype TAM-Uvalde 24 and 48 hours after inoculation suggests more penetration of the pathogen in its roots. Additionally, phthalic acid was also found in all the treatments, which may be associated with allelopathic responses of melon plants. Finally, citrulline and gibberellic acid were also found in the inoculated treatments. However, their origin and roles, in this case, need to be clarified.
Conclusions
Taken together, hydroxy proline and ɤ-amino butyric acid could be used as markers of susceptibility to VDD caused by MC, which could be useful in developing resistant varieties.
Structural perspective of the interactions of ACE2 and SARS CoV-2 Spike protein RBD
Authors: Borkotoky Subhomoi , Dey Debajit , Hazarika Zaved 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused millions of infections and deaths worldwide since its discovery in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor, a critical component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that initiates viral transmission. Most of the critical mutations found in SARS CoV-2 are associated with the RBD of the spike protein. The mutations have the potential to reduce the efficacy of vaccines and neutralizing antibodies. Preventing the interaction between Spike RBD and ACE2 is considered a viable therapeutic strategy since ACE2 binding by RBD is the first step in virus infection. Because the interactions between the two entities are critical for both viral transmission and therapeutic development, it is essential to understand their interactions in detail. In this review, the structural details of ACE2, RBD and their interactions are discussed. In addition, some critical mutations of RBD and their impact on ACE2-RBD interactions are also discussed.
Aberrant glial activation and synaptic defects in CaMKIIα-iCre and nestin-Cre transgenic mouse models
Authors: Alia Alia O. , Popovic Jelena , Salvo Miranda A. , Sadleir Katherine R. , Vassar Robert , Cuddy Leah K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Current scientific research is driven by the ability to manipulate gene expression by utilizing the Cre/loxP system in transgenic mouse models. However, artifacts in Cre-driver mouse lines that introduce undesired effects and confound results are increasingly being reported. Here, we show aberrant neuroinflammation and synaptic changes in two widely used Cre-driver mouse models. Neuroinflammation in CaMKIIα-iCre mice was characterized by the activation and proliferation of microglia and astrocytes in synaptic layers of the hippocampus. Increased GFAP and Iba1 levels were observed in hippocampal brain regions of 4-, 8-and 22-month-old CaMKIIα-iCre mice compared to WT littermates. Synaptic changes in NMDAR, AMPAR, PSD95 and phosphorylated CaMKIIα became apparent in 8-month-old CaMKIIα-iCre mice but were not observed in 4-month-old CaMKIIα-iCre mice. Synaptophysin and synaptoporin concentrate in presynaptic terminals and were unchanged in CaMKIIα-iCre compared to WT mice, suggesting that synaptic alterations may occur in excitatory post-synapses in which iCre is predominantly expressed. Finally, hippocampal volume was reduced in 22-month-old CaMKIIα-iCre mice compared to WT mice. We tested the brains of mice of additional common Cre-driver mouse models for neuroinflammation; the nestin-Cre mouse model showed synaptic changes and astrocytosis marked by increased GFAP+ astrocytes in cortical and hippocampal regions, while the original CaMKIIα-Cre T29-1 strain was comparable to WT mice. The mechanisms underlying abnormal neuroinflammation in nestin-Cre and CaMKIIα-iCre are unknown but may be associated with high levels of Cre expression. Our findings are critical to the scientific community and demonstrate that the correct Cre-driver controls must be included in all studies using these mice.
Self-healing passive cooling utilizing endothermic reaction of NH4NO3/H2O driven by moisture sorption for photovoltaic cell
Authors: Kim Seonggon , Park Jong Ha , Lee Jae Won , Kim Yongchan , Kang Yong Tae 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Power efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) cell is significantly affected by the cell temperature. Herein, a passive cooling unit comprising inexpensive materials is developed for perfromance improvement of the PV cell. The water-saturated zeolite 13X is coated on the back side of the PV cell, and ammonium nitrate is dispersed as a layer. When thermal radiation is supplied, water is desorbed from zeolite 13X (primary latent cooling), and also dissolves ammonium nitrate to induce secondary endothermic reaction cooling. The cooling unit is operated based on the moisture sorption performance of mesoporous materials, which is inversely proportional to the cell temperature, and the solubility of endothermic reaction pairs increases proportionally with temperature. It is a reversible process in which ammonium nitrate is crystallized when the temperature is low at night, and water is adsorbed back to zeolite 13X. The average temperature of the PV cell can be reduced by approximately 14.9°C during the day, and the cooling energy density reaches 2,876 kJ/kg. Based on the life cycle cost analysis, the cost of power generation can be reduced by 5.1%, and the power efficiency is improved by 7.5%. A PV cell with the passive cooling unit will be a solution for efficient PV electric generation.
Nano-liter perfusion microfluidic device made entirely by two-photon polymerization for dynamic cell culture with easy cell recovery
Authors: McLennan Hanna Julie , Blanch Adam J. , Wallace Samuel J. , Ritter Lesley , Heinrich Shauna L. , Gardner David K. , Dunning Kylie R. , Gauvin Marty , Love Allison K. , Thompson Jeremy G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been the material of choice for microfluidic applications in cell biology for many years. However, PDMS limits further advancement because it lacks sub-micron lithographic ‘precision’ and the capability to deliver complex geometry in three dimensions. Further, PDMS microfluidic devices for cell culture have limited capacity for cell retrieval following culture without severely compromising cell health. This study presents a designed and entirely 3D-printed microfluidic chip (8.8 mm x 8.2 mm x 3.6 mm) using two-photon polymerization (2PP). The ‘nest’ chip is composed of ten channels that deliver sub-microliter volume flowrates (to ~ 600 nL/min per channel) to 10 individual retrievable cell sample ‘cradles’ that interlock with the nest to create the microfluidic device. Computational fluid dynamics modelling predicted medium flow in the device, which was accurately validated by real-time microbead tracking. Functional capability of the device was assessed, and demonstrated the capability to deliver culture medium, dyes, and biological molecules to support cell growth, staining and cell phenotype changes, respectively. Therefore, 2PP 3D-printing provides the precision needed for nanoliter fluidic devices constructed from multiple interlocking parts for cell culture application.
The effect of a laughter-based intervention on airway patency in children with tracheostomy
Authors: Valadkhani Sara , Nourian Manijeh , Farahani Azam Shirinabadi , Nasiri Maliheh , Nikfarid Lida 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Many children with tracheostomy are vulnerable to the complications of tracheostomy and airway disorders. One of the methods of taking care of the airways is coughing, which is physiologically very similar to laughter. Laughter is used as complementary medicine in nursing care and improves communication with patients and reduces their anxiety.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of laughter on airway patency in children with tracheostomy hospitalized in the selected hospitals of medical universities in Tehran, Iran.
Methods
After obtaining the informed consent from the parents, 80 children with tracheostomy aged 6 to 12 years who have a GCS above 11, at least 72 hours have passed since the tracheostomy surgery, are breathing spontaneously, and didn’t have received anesthetic and are not suffering from an acute or special disease, were included in the study. Then they were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received the laughter intervention twice a day for two consecutive days and 15 minutes each by watching funny animations and interacting with Puppets simultaneously. For both groups, the variables of airway patency, including O2sat, respiratory rate, and suctioning frequency, were measured three times a day for two consecutive days. Independent t-test, non-parametric Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test, one-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures, and Friedman's non-parametric test were used to analyze the data, and SPSS software version 19 was used.
Results
Most of the participants in both groups were boys (63.8%). The most common cause of hospitalization in children was respiratory diseases (75%) and most children (88.8%) were breathing spontaneously. The average amount of O2sat increased significantly after the fifth and sixth sessions by causing laughter in the intervention group (p < 0.05). The intervention group significantly decreased respiratory rate (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the suctioning frequency until the fifth session (p < 0.05). However, in the sixth session, the suctioning frequency in the intervention group is significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The results of the present research have shown that laughter causes a significant effect on airway patency in children with tracheostomy hospitalized in the selected hospitals of medical universities in Tehran. The results of the present study emphasize the non-invasive care of the airways of children with a tracheostomy. Due to their inability to communicate verbally and reduced sensory stimulation due to hospitalization, these children can benefit from laughing for therapeutic and supportive purposes.
The Sustainability of Historical Environments and Its Effects on Functional Changes: Cyprus Kyrenia Antique Harbour
Authors: İpek  , Can  
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Throughout the centuries, historical cities have been formed with cultural values, the life of the cultures, and artistic aspects of various civilizations that have gained identity, and evolved into their current forms. Cities have existed with architectural works and their past cultures. Historical textures are the open air that comes from the past, convey the traces of the past, and link the past to the future. The transfer of historical and cultural heritage to future generations will be possible through "protection" and "conservation" which will ensure the sustainability of historic cities. In general, repairs or amendments aimed at economic development in historic cities provide only economic sustainability in structures with historical characteristics. Sustainability in historic cities should protect the most important structural characteristics and function properly in the structural form. Thus, the historical city's sustainability will be ensured. In historical cities, it is the main target for sustainability and it should be to protect the texture. Within this goal, it is determined that Kyrenia Antique Harbour, which has historical value, its location and its past culture is rich and its tourism effects are analysed. In the study, usage analyses were made, the reasons for the changes were made, and suggestions for the sustainability of the historical city were introduced.
Behavioral factors and SARS-CoV-2 transmission heterogeneity within a household cohort in Costa Rica
Authors: Sun Kaiyuan , Loria Viviana , Aparicio Amada , Porras Carolina , Vanegas Juan Carlos , Zúñiga Michael , Morera Melvin , Avila Carlos , Abdelnour Arturo , Gail Mitch , Pfeiffer Ruth , Cohen Jeffrey , Burbelo Peter , Abed Mehdi , Viboud Cecile , Hildesheim Allan , Herrero Rolando , Prevots D Rebecca 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Variability in household secondary attack rates (SAR) and transmission risks factors of SARS-CoV-2 remain poorly understood. To characterize SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a household setting, we conducted a household serologic study of SARS-CoV-2 in Costa Rica, with SARS-CoV-2 index cases selected from a larger prospective cohort study and their household contacts were enrolled. A total of 719 household contacts of 304 household index cases were enrolled from November 21, 2020, through July 31, 2021. Demographic, clinical, and behavioral information was collected from the index cases and their household contacts. Blood specimens were collected from contacts within 30-60 days of index case diagnosis; and serum was tested for presence of spike and nucleocapsid SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 prior infections among household contacts was defined based on the presence of both spike and nucleocapsid antibodies. To avoid making strong assumptions that the index case was the sole source of infections among household contacts, we fitted a chain binomial model to the serologic data, which allowed us to account for exogenous community infection risk as well as potential multi-generational transmissions within the household. Overall seroprevalence was 53% (95% confidence interval (CI) 48% – 58%) among household contacts The estimated household secondary attack rate (SAR) was 32% (95% CI 5% – 74%) and the average community infection risk was 19% (95% CI 14% - 26%). Mask wearing by the index case was associated with the household transmission risk reduction by 67% (adjusted odds ratio = 0.33 with 95% CI: 0.09-0.75) and sleeping in a separate bedroom from the index case reduced the risk of household transmission by 78% (adjusted odds ratio = 0.22 with 95% CI 0.10-0.41). The estimated distribution of household secondary attack rates was highly heterogeneous across index cases, with 30% of index cases being the source for 80% of secondary cases. Modeling analysis suggests behavioral factors were important drivers of the observed SARS-CoV-2 transmission heterogeneity within the household.
The effect of mask usage of the health personnel on blood gas analysis and cognitive strengthening during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: OZMEN Harun , AYDINLI Bahar , DOGRU Serkan , Erdem Huseyin Erdi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aim
The coronavirus disease-19 has caused the death of more than five million people and the treatment of millions in intensive care units since 2019. In this process, the possibility of developing intermittent, long-term hypoxia and hypercarbia due to the use of masks has been considered in detail. Therefore, the negative physiological and psychological effects of this equipment in intensive care unit by healthcare personnel have become questionable. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of mask use on blood gas analysis values and cognitive functions in intensive care unit healthcare workers.
Materials and methods
After obtaining local ethics committee approval (Grant number: …) and written informed consent, healthcare professionals working in the 3rd level intensive care unit of xxx City Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. Each volunteer's venous blood gas analysis were studied at the beginning and end of the eight-hour morning-shift period. Venous blood gas values including pH, venous partial oxygen pressure, venous partial carbon dioxide pressure, lactate levels were recorded. A five-question survey was applied to the same volunteers and their cognitive function performance during the pandemic period was evaluated.
Results
Intragroup comparisons for the N95 group revealed that pH-2nd measurement was found to be significantly higher than pH-1st measurement and Lactate-1st measurement was significantly higher than Lactate-2nd measurement (p = 0.002, p = 0.004, p = 0.002, p = 0.018, respectively.
Conclusion
Impairment in cognitive functions in intensive care workers using masks during the pandemic period can be explained by the development of intermittent long-term moderate hypoxia.