bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epistemic Ensembles
Authors: Hennicker Rolf , Knapp Alexander , Wirsing Martin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn ensemble consists of a set of computing entities which collaborate to reach common goals. We introduce epistemic ensembles that use shared knowledge for collaboration between agents. Collaboration is achieved by different kinds of knowledge announcements. For specifying epistemic ensemble behaviours we use formulas of dynamic logic with compound ensemble actions. Our semantics relies on an epistemic notion of ensemble transition systems as behavioural models. These transition systems describe control flow over epistemic states for expressing knowledge-based collaboration of agents. Specifications are implemented by epistemic processes that are composed in parallel to form ensemble realisations. We give a formal operational semantics of these processes that generates an epistemic ensemble transition system. A realisation is correct w. r. t. an ensemble specification if its semantics is a model of the specification.
Spin fields for the spinning particle
Authors: Boffo E. , Sachs I. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We propose an analogue of spin fields for the relativistic RNS-particle in 4 dimensions, in order to describe Ramond-Ramond states as “two-particle” excitations on the world line. On a natural representation space we identify a differential whose cohomology agrees with RR-fields equations. We then discuss the non-linear theory encoded in deformations of the latter by background fields. We also formulate a sigma model for this spin field from which we recover the RNS-formulation by imposing suitable constraints.
Local unitarity: cutting raised propagators and localising renormalisation
Authors: Capatti Zeno , Hirschi Valentin , Ruijl Ben 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Local Unitarity (LU) representation of differential cross-sections locally realises the cancellations of infrared singularities predicted by the Kinoshita-Lee-Nauenberg theorem. In this work we solve the two remaining challenges to enable practical higher-loop computations within the LU formalism. The first concerns the generalisation of the LU representation to graphs with raised propagators. The solution to this problem results in a generalisation of distributional Cutkosky rules. The second concerns the regularisation of ultraviolet and spurious soft singularities, solved using a fully automated and local renormalisation procedure based on Bogoliubov’s R-operation. We detail an all-order construction for the hybrid $$ \overline{\textrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

and On-Shell scheme whose only analytic input is single-scale vacuum diagrams. We validate this novel technology by providing (semi-)inclusive results for two multi-leg processes at NLO, study limits of individual supergraphs up to N3LO and present the first physical NNLO cross-sections computed fully numerically in momentum-space, namely for the processes γ∗→ jj and $$ {\gamma}^{\ast}\to t\overline{t} $$

γ
∗

→
t

t
¯

.
On Invertible m-isometrical Extension of an m-isometry
Authors: Bermúdez T. , Martinón A. , Müller V. , Zaway H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe give necessary and sufficient conditions on an m-isometry to have an invertible m-isometrical extension. As particular cases, we give a useful characterization for a general m-isometrical unilateral weighted shift and for $$\ell $$
ℓ
-Jordan isometries. In particular, every $$\ell $$
ℓ
-Jordan isometry operator has an invertible $$(2\ell -1)$$

(
2
ℓ
-
1
)

-isometrical extension.
A Dubrovin-Frobenius manifold structure of NLS type on the orbit space of $$B_n$$
Authors: Arsie Alessandro , Lorenzoni Paolo , Mencattini Igor , Moroni Guglielmo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGeneralizing a construction presented in Arsie and Lorenzoni (Lett Math Phys 107:1919–1961, 2017), we show that the orbit space of $$B_2$$

B
2

less the image of the coordinate lines under the quotient map is equipped with two Dubrovin-Frobenius manifold structures which are related respectively to the defocusing and the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations. Motivated by this example, we study the case of $$B_n$$

B
n

and we show that the defocusing case can be generalized to arbitrary n leading to a Dubrovin-Frobenius manifold structure on the orbit space of the group. The construction is based on the existence of a non-degenerate and non-constant invariant bilinear form that plays the role of the Euclidean metric in the Dubrovin–Saito standard setting. Up to $$n=4$$

n
=
4

the prepotentials we get coincide with those associated with the constrained KP equations discussed in Liu et al. (J Geom Phys 97:177–189, 2015).
Higher sensitivity and accuracy of synovial next-generation sequencing in comparison to culture in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hantouly Ashraf T. , Alzobi Osama , Toubasi Ahmad A. , Zikria Bashir , Al Dosari Mohammed Al Ateeq , Ahmed Ghalib 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the diagnostic parameters of synovial next-generation sequencing (NGS) and cultures in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections (PJI).

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched from inception until 8 Jan 2022 for literature investigating the role of NGS in comparison to culture in the diagnosis of PJI. The studies were included if they investigated the diagnostic value of culture and NGS in diagnosing PJIs against the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria. Diagnostic parameters, such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive-likelihood ratio, negative-likelihood ratio, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC), were calculated for the included studies to evaluate the performance of NGS in comparison to culture in PJI diagnosis.

Results
The total number of the included patients was 341 from seven articles. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of NGS were 94% (95% CI 91–97%), 89% (95% CI 82–95%), and 138.5 (95% CI 49.1–390.5), respectively. NGS has positive- and negative-likelihood ratios of 7.9 (95% CI 3.99–15.6) and 0.1 (95% CI 0.0–0.1), respectively. On the other hand, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of culture were 70% (95% CI 61–79%), 94% (95% CI 88–98%), and 28.0 (95% CI 12.6–62.2), respectively. The SROC curve for NGS showed that the accuracy (AUC) was 91.9%, and that the positive and negative predictive values were 8.6 (95% CI 5.0–19.5) and 0.1 (95% CI 0.0–0.1), respectively. While, culture SROC curve demonstrated that the accuracy (AUC) was 80.5% and the positive- and negative-likelihood ratio were 12.1 (95% CI 4.5–49.6) and 0.3 (95% CI 0.2–0.4).

Conclusions
NGS has a potential role in diagnosing hip and knee PJIs due to its high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. However, the sensitivity and specificity reported by the studies varied according to the time of synovial sampling (preoperative, postoperative, or mixed).
Probiotics Inhibit Cartilage Damage and Progression of Osteoarthritis in Mice
Authors: Sophocleous Antonia , Azfer Asim , Huesa Carmen , Stylianou Eleni , Ralston Stuart H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIncreasing interest has focussed on the possible role of alterations in the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease, inflammatory disease, and osteoporosis. Here we examined the role of the microbiome in a preclinical model of osteoarthritis in mice subjected to destabilisation of medical meniscus (DMM). The intestinal microbiome was depleted by broad-spectrum antibiotics from 1 week before birth until the age of 6 weeks when mice were subjected reconstitution of the microbiome with faecal microbial transplant (FMT) followed by the administration of a mixture of probiotic strains Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 8700:2, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HEAL9 and L. plantarum HEAL19 or vehicle. All mice were subjected to DMM at the age of 8 weeks. The severity of osteoarthritis was evaluated by histological analysis and effects on subchondral bone were investigated by microCT analyses. The combination of FMT and probiotics significantly inhibited cartilage damage at the medial femoral condyle such that the OARSI score was 4.64 ± 0.32 (mean ± sem) in the FMT and probiotic group compared with 6.48 ± 0.53 in the FMT and vehicle group (p = 0.007). MicroCT analysis of epiphyseal bone from the femoral condyle showed that the probiotic group had higher BV/TV, increased Tb.Th, and moderately thicker subchondral bone plates than the control group. There was no difference between groups in joint inflammation or in serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. We conclude that treatment with probiotics following FMT in mice where the microbiome has been depleted inhibits DMM-induced cartilage damage and impacts on the structure of subchondral bone particularly at the femoral condyle. While further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of action, our research suggests that these probiotics may represent a novel intervention for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Inhibitory receptors for HLA class I as immune checkpoints for natural killer cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Beelen Nicky A. , Ehlers Femke A. I. , Bos Gerard M. J. , Wieten Lotte 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells mediate potent anti-tumor responses, which makes them attractive targets for immunotherapy. The anti-tumor response of endogenous- or allogeneic NK cells can be enhanced through clinically available monoclonal antibodies that mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). NK cell activation is regulated by interaction of inhibitory receptors with classical- and non-classical human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I molecules. Inhibitory receptors of the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family interact with HLA-A, -B or –C epitopes, while NKG2A interacts with the non-classical HLA-E molecule. Both types of inhibitory interactions may influence the strength of the ADCC response. In the present review, we provide an overview of the effect of inhibitory KIRs and NKG2A on NK cell-mediated ADCC, which highlights the rationale for combination strategies with ADCC triggering antibodies and interference with the NK cell relevant inhibitory immune checkpoints, such as KIR and NKG2A.
Clinical Outcome and Quality of Life of Multimodal Treatment of Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations: The APOLLON Study Protocol
Authors: Schmidt Vanessa F. , Masthoff Max , Vielsmeier Veronika , Seebauer Caroline T. , Cangir Özlem , Meyer Lutz , Mükke Antje , Lang Werner , Schmid Axel , Sporns Peter B. , Brill Richard , Wohlgemuth Walter A. , da Silva Natascha Platz Batista , Seidensticker Max , Schinner Regina , Küppers Julia , Häberle Beate , Haubner Frank , Ricke Jens , Zenker Martin , Kimm Melanie A. , Wildgruber Moritz ,   for the APOLLON investigators
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) as rare diseases are diagnostically and therapeutically challenging. Due to the limited evidence regarding treatment outcome, prospective data are needed on how different treatment regimens affect outcome. The aims of this prospective trial are to determine effectiveness, safety, and clinical outcome of multimodal treatment in patients with extracranial AVMs.

Materials and Methods
After clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based diagnosis and informed consent, 146 patients (> 4 years and < 70 years) undergoing multimodal therapy in tertiary care vascular anomalies centers will be included in this prospective observational trial. Treatment options include conservative management, medical therapy, minimally invasive image-guided procedures (embolization, sclerotherapy) and surgery as well as combinations of the latter. The primary outcome is the patient-reported QoL 6 months after completion of treatment using the short form-36 health survey version 2 (SF-36v2) and the corresponding short form-10 health survey (SF-10) for children. In addition, clinical presentation (physician-reported signs), MRI imaging (radiological assessment of devascularization), recurrence rate, and therapeutic safety will be analyzed. Further follow-up will be performed after 12, 24, and 36 months. Moreover, liquid biopsies are being obtained from peripheral blood at multiple time points to investigate potential biomarkers for therapy response and disease progression.

Discussion
The APOLLON trial is a prospective, multicenter, observational open-label trial with unequal study groups to generate prospective evidence for multimodal treatment of AVMs. A multicenter design with the potential to assess larger populations will provide an increased understanding of multimodal therapy outcome in this orphan disease.

Trial Registration
German Clinical Trials Register (identification number: DRKS00021019) https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00021019.
High diversity of benthic cyanobacterial mats on coral reefs of Koh Tao, Gulf of Thailand
Authors: Stuij Tamara M. , Cleary Daniel F. R. , Gomes Newton C. M. , Mehrotra Rahul , Visser Petra M. , Speksnijder Arjen G. C. L. , Hoeksema Bert W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBenthic cyanobacterial mats are increasingly reported to cover major coral reef areas. Although suggestions have been made that cyanobacterial mats impair coral reef health in multiple ways, information is lacking regarding the distribution, morphotypical variation and bacterial species composition of these microbial mats. As such, this study aimed to (1) Reveal the bacterial community diversity and composition of different mat morphotypes, (2) Identify the most abundant community members and closely related organisms, (3) Assess to what extent, morphotype, colonized substrate (coral or abiotic substrate), depth, and site were significant predictors of bacterial composition. Data were collected on reefs surrounding the island of Koh Tao (Gulf of Thailand). A total of 201 mats from 16 different locations around the island were classified into eight distinct morphotypes. Of these, the bacterial communities of 44 mats, representing colour groups from multiple sites, were characterized using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. Our data revealed that Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteriodetes and Planctomycetes were the four most abundant phyla and occurred in all samples. Abundant cyanobacterial zero-radius operational taxonomic units (ZOTUs) were closely related to prokaryotic sequences found in previous studies of coastal mats (98–100%) and were assigned to genera in the order Oscillatoriales, e.g. Hormoscilla, Okeania, and Oscillatoria. Abundant proteobacterial ZOTUs were assigned to orders in the classes Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, e.g. Rhodobacterales, Rhizobiales and Alteromonadales. Abundant Bacteriodetes ZOTUs were mainly assigned to the class Bacteroidia and order Cytophagales. Our results showed that mats consist of a diverse and variable bacterial consortium, with mat colour (morphotype), substrate type and geographic location only explaining a small part of the total variation in composition.
Use of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) compared with mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) in pediatric kidney stones
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud Ahmed , Shawki Amir Samuel , Abdallah Hany Mostafa , Mostafa Diaa , Elawady Hossam , Samir Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) for pediatric kidney stones management.

Patients and methods
Ninety pediatric patients with single or multiple renal stones 1–3 cm in diameter were collected prospectively and equally divided into two groups to undergo RIRS or mini-PCNL. The groups were compared for fluoroscopy and operative time, postoperative hospital stay time, stone-free rate (SFR), need for auxiliary procedures, and cost as well as complications.

Results
There were no differences found between RIRS and mini-PCNL groups with regard to operative time and postoperative DJ stent application, while the mean of fluoroscopy time and postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the RIRS than in the mini-PCNL group. The SFR, auxiliary treatment on residual stones, and complications were comparable. In both groups, no major (Clavien IV–V) complications were observed. The mean cost of RIRS was $1210 and $733 for the mini-PCNL.

Conclusions
Both RIRS and mini-PCNL are effective and safe treatment modalities for pediatric renal stones 10–30 mm in size. However, mini-PCNL is more cost-effective making it a viable alternative to RIRS.
Whole fresh fruit intake and risk of incident diabetes in different glycemic stages: a nationwide prospective cohort investigation
Authors: Li Li , Yang Hai-Yan , Ma Yan , Liang Xing-Huan , Xu Min , Zhang Jie , Huang Zhen-Xing , Meng Li-Heng , Zhou Jia , Xian Jing , Suo Ying-Jun , Huang Song , Cai Jin-Wei , Meng Bi-Hui , Zhao Zhi-Yun , Lu Jie-Li , Xu Yu , Wang Tian-Ge , Li Mian , Chen Yu-Hong , Wang Wei-Qing , Bi Yu-Fang , Ning Guang , Shen Fei-Xia , Hu Ru-Ying , Chen Gang , Chen Li , Chen Lu-Lu , Deng Hua-Cong , Gao Zheng-Nan , Huo Ya-Nan , Li Qiang , Liu Chao , Mu Yi-Ming , Qin Gui-Jun , Shi Li-Xin , Su Qing , Wan Qin , Wang Gui-Xia , Wang Shuang-Yuan , Wang You-Min , Wu Sheng-Li , Xu Yi-Ping , Yan Li , Yang Tao , Ye Zhen , Yu Xue-Feng , Zhang Yin-Fei , Zhao Jia-Jun , Zeng Tian-Shu , Tang Xu-Lei , Qin Ying-Fen , Luo Zuo-Jie ,   4C Study Group
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Fruit intake is beneficial to several chronic diseases, but controversial in diabetes. We aimed to investigate prospectively the associations of whole fresh fruit intake with risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) in subjects with different glucose regulation capacities.

Methods
The present study included 79,922 non-diabetic participants aged ≥ 40 years from an ongoing nationwide prospective cohort in China. Baseline fruit intake information was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Plasma HbA1c, fasting and 2 h post-loading glucose levels were measured at both baseline and follow-up examinations. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident diabetes among participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and prediabetes, after adjusted for multiple confounders. Restricted cubic spline analysis was applied for dose–response relation.

Results
During a median 3.8-year follow-up, 5886 (7.36%) participants developed diabetes. Overall, we identified a linear and dose-dependent inverse association between dietary whole fresh fruit intake and risk of incident T2D. Each 100 g/d higher fruit intake was associated with 2.8% lower risk of diabetes (HR 0.972, 95%CI [0.949–0.996], P = 0.0217), majorly benefiting NGT subjects with 15.2% lower risk (HR 0.848, 95%CI [0.766–0.940], P = 0.0017), while not significant in prediabetes (HR 0.981, 95%CI 0.957–4.005, P = 0.1268). Similarly, the inverse association was present in normoglycemia individuals with a 48.6% lower risk of diabetes when consuming fruits > 7 times/week comparing to those < 1 time/week (HR 0.514, 95% CI [0.368–0.948]), but not in prediabetes (HR 0.883, 95% CI [0.762–1.023]).

Conclusion
These findings suggest that higher frequency and amount of fresh fruit intake may protect against incident T2D, especially in NGT, but not in prediabetes, highlighting the dietary recommendation of higher fresh fruit consumption to prevent T2D in normoglycemia population.
Phosphoserine-86-HSPB1 (pS86-HSPB1) is cytoplasmic and highly induced in rat myometrium at labour
Authors: Miskiewicz E. I. , Olaloku A. , MacPhee B. K. , MacPhee D. J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUterine myocytes during pregnancy proceed through a series of adaptations and collectively transform into a powerfully contractile tissue by term. Previous work has indicated that members of the heat shock protein (HSP) B family of stress proteins are associated with the process of adaptation and transformation. Utilizing immunoblot analyses, widefield epifluorescence and total internal reflection (TIRF) microscopy, this study investigated the temporal and spatial detection of HSPB1 phosphorylated on serine-86 (pS86-HSPB1) in rat myometrium during pregnancy, the role of uterine distension in regulation of pS86-HSPB1, and the comparative localization with pS15-HSPB1 in rat myometrial tissue as well as in an immortalized human myometrial cell line. Immunoblot detection of pS86-HSPB1 was significantly elevated during late pregnancy and labour. In particular, pS86-HSPB1 was significantly increased at day (d)22 and d23 (labour) compared with all other timepoints assessed. Localization of pS86-HSPB1 in myometrium became prominent at d22 and d23 with cytoplasmic detection around myometrial cell nuclei. Furthermore, pS86-HSPB1 detection was found to be significantly elevated in the gravid rat uterine myometrium compared with the non-gravid tissue at d19 and d23. Both widefield epifluorescence and TIRF microscopy examination of human myometrial cells demonstrated that pS15-HSPB1 was prominently localized to focal adhesions, while pS82-HSPB1 (homologous to rodent pS86-HSPB1) was primarily located in the cell cytoplasm. Our data demonstrate that levels of phosphorylated HSPB1 increase just prior to and during labour, and that uterine distension is a stress-inducing signal for HSPB1 phosphorylation. The exact roles of these phosphorylated forms in myometrial cells remain to be determined.
Can alternative liver function scores facilitate the establishment of an indication for radioablative therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma?
Authors: Ott Dominik , Gawish Ahmed , Lux Anke , Heinze Constanze , Brunner Thomas B. , Hass Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeALBI and IBI are new scores to evaluate the liver function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic abilities of those scores in patients treated with interstitial brachytherapy (iBT).Materials and methods190 patients treated with iBT between 01.01.2006 and 01.01.2018 were included in this study. The clinical target dose was 15 Gy. The patients were all in Child–Pugh stadium A or B and across the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Stages 0–C. Retrospectively ALBI and IBI were calculated pre- and post-therapeutic until 6 months after iBT. Hazards ratios were calculated, and p values corrected using the false discovery rate according to Benjamini and Hochberg.ResultsThe median overall survival was 23.5 months (CI 19–28.5 months), and the median progression-free survival was 7.5 months (CI 6–9 months). Elevated ALBI showed a significantly higher risk to die with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.010 (ALBI 2 vs. 1) and 4082 (ALBI 3 vs. 1), respectively. The IBI did also show a higher risk with an HR of 1.816 (IBI 1 vs. 0) and 4608 (IBI 2 vs. 0), respectively. Even 3 months after therapy elevated ALBI and IBI showed poor overall survival. Concerning progression-free survival, ALBI and IBI could not provide any relevant additional information.ConclusionALBI and IBI are useful tools to predict the overall survival in patients treated with iBT and might be helpful to assign the patients to the appropriate therapy.