bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibody detection for Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Salmonella pullorum in layer, broiler and native chickens from Sukabumi
Authors: Rachmawati F , Purwanto ES , Suhaemi  , Mulyati S , Tiffarent R , Ariyanti T , Susanti  , Purba HHS , Desem MI , Azmi Z , Subekti DT , Wiyono A , Noor SM 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chronic respiratory disease (CRD) and pullorum disease (PD) are important bacterial infectious diseases in poultry farms caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Salmonella pullorum (SP), respectively. CRD and PD lead to the economic losses of poultry farms. Infected poultry can be the potential carriers to infect the healthy one. Environmental factors such as weather and management system are the predisposition factors that contribute to the CRD and PD case rate. This study aimed to detect antibody against MG and SP for recognizing MG and SP infection in layer, broiler, and native chickens from Suka bumi. The antibody detection was conducted using Rapid Serum Agglutination (RSA) technique to chicken serum samples (each group n =35). The study revealed that the seropositive results of MG and SP, were 34.29% and 2.86% in layers, 17.14% and 37.14% in broilers, 42.86% and 11.43% in native chickens. The findings showed that MG and SP can infect various kind of chickens so routine method to detect MG and SP is required. RSA as an easy, fast, low cost, and sensitive technique was capable to detect MG and SP serologically. RSA can be used to control and anticipate the climate change challenge that affects the flock health status.
Shade sensitivity index of six brown-seeded soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) genotypes based on seed weight
Authors: Kisman  , Yakop Uyek Malik , Dewi Suprayanti Martia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aims to find out the shade sensitivity indexes of six brown-seeded soybean genotypes based on the yield (seed weight). This study was carried out using the experimental methods with the experimental design of a split plot design. The main plot was the shade stress conditions (S) consisting of S0 = without shade stress and S1 = 65% shade stress (using black shading net house). The sub plot was the brown-seeded soybean genotypes (G) consisting of six lines: G1 = KH7b; G2 = KH7c; G3 = KH7d; G4 = KH9; G5 = KH14; and G6 = KH50b. The results of the study showed that: 1). The KH50b genotype was the most shade suscaptable genotype follewed by KH7d, KH14, and KH9 as indicated by the highest shade sensitivity index (SSI) and tolerance index (TOL). 2). The KH7b genotype was the most shade tolerance genotype followed by KH7c as indicated by the lowest shade sensitivity index (SSI) and tolerance index (TOL). KH7b and KH7c genotypes were the most stable genotypes as indicated by the highst yield stability index (YSI) and yield index (YI). The highest yield (seed weight) under normal (no stress) condition was KH50b genotype and under the shade stress was KH7b genotype.
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) affect Wati Plants (Piper methysticum Forst) growth at seedling stage
Authors: Susanti Diana Sri , Syahputra Raka Nurin Ahmad , Wahida Wahida , Mekiuw Yosehi , Panga Nurhaya J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is consortium of active bacteria colonize root plants that play important role in improving plants growth. This research aims to figure out effect of PGPR on wati plants (Piper methysticum Forst) seedling growth. This research conducted at the Screen House in Yasa Mulya Village, Tanah Miring District, Merauke, Papua. This study used Group Random Design as experimental design consisted of 5 treatments, repeated 5 times, so there are 25 units of experiment. Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Data analysis showed that the dose of PGPR given significantly affect the seedling growth. The best seedling growth at 70 days after planting are found in application of 15 ml PGPR per 600 ml of water (T4), this treatment shows the best results in number of shoots (3.60), length of shoots (7.02 mm), number of leaves (7.00), leaf width (7.78 cm), number of primary root (12.60), length of primary root (9.10 cm), and volume of primary root (3.60 ml).
Food security prospects of rural community in the change and degraded peatland landscape of South Sumatra
Authors: Winarno B , Lestari S , Ramawati  , Syabana T A A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There has been a dramatical change in Indonesia’s tropical peatland ecosystem in the last three decades due to various causes and climate change issues. This decreases the function of peatland ecosystem to support ecosystem balance and the rural livelihoods, including influencing the food systems. This paper highlights the prospects of food security in the changed and degraded peatland landscape in South Sumatra. A case field study was conducted in this research, followed by qualitative analysis. Peatland degradation, mainly from peatland conversion, illegal logging, and recurrent fires, lead to the decline of food availability from the peatland, such as, fish, honey bee, vegetable, and fruit. To deal with, several field actions are taken: (1) Local initiative in vegetable and fruit production on degraded peatland; (2) Government initiative in developing rice fields as part of food estate program; (3) Community, non-government organization (NGO) and government collaboration in introducing adaptive and prospective agroforestry. More prospective food security on the peatland can be achieved through the commodity diversification, improvement of the techniques, infrastructures, market access, and capacity of rural community. Harmonizing the policies between peatland management and food estate potentially can improve food security in tropical peatland landscape in Indonesia.
Growth response and yield of some sorghum varieties (Sorghum bicolor L.) intercropped with groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Zubaidi Akhmad , Anugrahwati Dwi Ratna , Supiani Heti 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sorghum has the potential to support diversification efforts and food security. Sorghum production needs to be increased through the selection of varieties and appropriate cropping systems. Intercropping system is expected to be able to support government programs in strengthening national food security through increasing land-use efficiency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth and yield of three varieties of sorghum intercropped with peanuts and to determine the varieties of sorghum that gave the highest yield in the intercropping system with groundnuts. This experiment was carried out in Sandik village, Batu Layar, West Lombok from December 2019 to March 2020. The design used was a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD), with the first factor being intercropping sorghum-groundnut and sorghum monocropping, while the second factor was sorghum varieties, namely Numbu, Super 1, and Bioguma. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The results showed that sorghum intercropped with groundnuts had better growth and yields than sorghum is grown in monocropping. The Numbu variety gave the best yields both in monocropping and intercropping systems, while Super 1 and Bioguma showed a significant increase in yields when grown in intercropping compared to monocropping. Super 1 and Bioguma varieties had a positive response to the intercropping system, with a significant increase in dry matter weight in Super 1 by 52.84% compared to monocropping. Likewise, a significant response was also shown by Numbu variety in the intercropping system, with a 47.66% increase in the dry matter weight of the plant when compared to monocropping.
A Nested-PCR assay for detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in cattle in Sulawesi Island, Indonesia
Authors: Tiffarent R , Ekawasti F , Nasrulloh M F , Imanjati L N , Kurniawati D A , Nugroho H A , Rizal S , Saputra S , Nurcahyo R W 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Cryptosporidium spp. is a protozoan parasite that cause cryptosporidiosis, a gastroenteric disease in wide range of animals and humans. Cryptosporidiosis affects significant economic loss in livestock production due to poor management practices, leading to faecal contamination. The parasite can be transmitted by ingestion of oocysts which have high survival ability in various type of environment and resistant to water chlorination treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in various faecal samples of cattle (n=24, aged 1-2 years old) obtained from several farms in Sulawesi. Following faecal DNA extraction, we performed a nested-PCR assay using validated-Cryptosporidium 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) primers, resulting a size of amplified DNA approximately 770 bps. A total four samples (16.7%) were regarded as positive for Cryptosporidium spp., including samples obtained from farms in South Sulawesi (n=2), Central Sulawesi (n=1) and Gorontalo (n=1). This result confirms the risk of cryptosporidiosis not only among cattle in Sulawesi but also potential transfer of this parasite to humans especially from contaminated water and food. Therefore, early detection of the spread of oocysts is also crucial for monitoring animal health including cattle as production animals, human health, and environment.
Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolated from Cattle in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ariyanti T , Noor SM , Suhaemi  , Rachmawati F 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Antimicrobials are commonly used in animal production to prevent disease and promote growth. This practice puts the public’s health at risk by causing commensals living in the intestinal tracts of food animals to inevitably develop antimicrobial resistance. Cattle are common hosts of E. coli O157:H7 but the bacteria do not infect them. Human hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) are known to be caused by E. coli O157:H7. Antibiotics are a common therapy and have been chosen to treat HC and HUS. However, it is now known that the E. coli strain is resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. The goal of this study was to determine the resistance pattern of E. coli O157:H7 isolated from cattle in Cianjur, Sukabumi, and Lembang, West Java, Indonesia. A total of 62 isolates of E. coli were tested for susceptibility to 15 types of antibiotics using agar diffusion techniques. Test results showed that E. coli O157:H7 is resistant to Sulphamethoxazole, Cephalotin, Ampicillin, Nalidixic Acid, Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, Kanamycin, Trimethoprim, Gentamycin, Norfloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Amoxicillin. There are differences in multi-drug resistance among the local isolates of E. coli O157:H7 tested, which were resistant to antibiotics of the 1-5 type (79.03%), 6-10 type (4.84%), and 11-15 type (4.84%). In order to control the occurrence of multidrug antibiotic resistance and stop the spread of antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens to humans, it is necessary to monitor the use of antibiotics in cattle on farms.
Abundance and diversity of predatory insects in chili plant ecosystems cultivated by IPM
Authors: Thei Ruth Stella , Tarmizi  , Muhammad Sarjan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cayenne pepper is a strategic commodity. The use of chemical insecticides to control pests has a negative impact on the agroecosystem. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an environmentally solution to overcome pest problems. The objectives of this study were to determine the abundance and diversity of predatory insects. Sampling was carried out in August-October 2020 in west Lombok, Indonesia, on chili fields using the IPM technique. Observations were conducted on the generative phase of chili planting and carried out using the Yellow Pan and Pitfall Trap. The population of predatory insects in chili with IPM was 1,707 individuals representing 24 species from 8 families and 5 orders. The order Hymenoptera was the most abundant (63.27%) of the total predatory insects collected, followed by Coleoptera (30.93%), and Diptera (4.63%). The diversity index of predatory species is 1.79 in land planted with chili using IPM techniques. Chili plant using IPM techniques has more abundance and divers of predatory insect species than conventional chili land. This study provides some insight into the community of predatory insects in the generative phase of the chili ecosystem and suggests that an ecological approach is needed for pest management to maintain the balance of the agroecosystem and promote biodiversity.
Feasibility of water-saving technology to improve shallot productivity in dryland of Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Suriadi A. , Mardiana  , Sa’dyah H. , Nazam M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Increasing productivity of shallot using water saving technology in dryland farming system is recently documented in the literature due to efficient use of water irrigation. However, to what extent of profitabiliy and feasibility of water saving technology in dryland farming system of shallot are limited information. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and profitability of water saving technology of shallot farming system in dryand of easten part of Indonesia. Input and output data were obtanied from the experimental research involving three treatments of technology packages tested and laid as Randomized Block Design: (A (Trichoderma, sprinkler irrigation, use of bio-urine); B (same as A but with furrow irrigation); and C (farmer practice), The amount of water used was measured using a water meter. The results showed that package A has achieved the highest shallot yield at 31.6 tons/ha, 14% and 45% higher compared to package B and C, respectively. The total cost of irrigation with package A was less than the other packages, in which there was 15.8% and 30.4% more efficient compared to package B and package C, respectively. The cost of cultivating shallots with water-saving technology was lower than package B and farmer practices. The total profits obtained for package A was IDR 199,475,602 ha-1 which was higher than package B and farmers practices which was IDR 162,420,704 ha-1 and IDR 108,165,556 ha-1, respectively and with B/C ratios for each package A, package B and package C was 2.88; 2.21 and 1.39 respectively. Thus, water saving technology for shallot farming system in dryland have high feasible to be developed.
The choice of land conservation technique and effects on technical efficiency of potato farming in the highland of Bandung Regency, West Java
Authors: Adhi A K , Putri T A , Pambudy R , Katharina R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The area of agricultural land is increasingly limited, making land conservation a must. The objective of the study was to determine the factors that influence the choice of land conservation and its effect on the technical efficiency of highland potato farming. This study used data at the farm level which was obtained through a survey by conducting structured interviews with 184 potato farmers in Pangalengan – West Java who were randomly selected. Data analysis employed the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method to eliminate selection bias in the selection of a sample of farmers who applied tillage in the direction of the slope or in the direction of the contour compare with tillage using the bench terrace technique. The comparison of technical efficiency is done by using the frontier production function model. The results showed that the slope of farm land and the ownership status of the land have a positive effect on the selection of bench terrace soil conservation techniques. The level of technical efficiency of potato farming using land management techniques of the slope-wise or contour-wise was not significantly different from the level of technical efficiency of farming using the bench terrace technique. Public policies that can increase the certainty of the status of farmers’ arable land will have a positive effect on the adoption of farming technology that takes into account the principles of land conservation.
Organic-Based Salacca zalacca var. amboinensis Farming Development: An Alternative to Strengthening Farmers’ Economy and Food Security
Authors: Tamba I M , Sumantra I K 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Salacca zalacca var. amboinensis farming has been positioned as the main source of farmers’ income, which is used to meet various needs, including food. Nowadays, S. zalacca var. amboinensis farming has been carried out organically, although the financial benefits for the farmers are still questionably argued. The aims of the study were to analyze (1) the financial benefits of organic-based S. zalacca var. amboinensis farming, and (2) farmers’ perceptions of the contribution of organic-based S. zalacca var. amboinensis farming to farmers’ economic strengthening and food security. The study was carried out in production centers of S. zalacca var. amboinensis in the province of Bali, and 139 farmers were selected as the respondents of the study. The financial benefits were critically analyzed using a policy analysis matrix approach, and the farmers’ perceptions of the contribution of organic-based S. zalacca var. amboinensis farming to farmers’ economic strengthening and food security were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the financial benefits of organic-based S. zalacca var. amboinensis farming in various strata of land areas and harvesting season were positively valued. However, farmers’ perceptions of the contribution of farming to their economic strengthening and food security were mostly positively categorized.
The potential of sago processing in supporting farmers’ welfare
Authors: Fachrizal R , Ginting N M , Nurliah  , Rizal A , Panga N 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aims to figure out the contribution of sago processing business to household income. The research was conducted in Tambat Village, Tanah Miring District, Merauke Regency. The location selection was done deliberately. The population in this study was the entire members of Dwitrap sago processing group, consists of 30 people. Sampling was carried out by using a census of 30 sago processors. Data analysis used quantitative and qualitative. The process of processing sago from cutting and cleavage, grafting or grating, squeezing, screening, deposition and packaging. Most of the income earned outside the sago processing business is higher, because once processing it only takes 3 days, and if 2 times a month it only takes 6 working days in sago processing, this is what causes the income outside of sago processing to be greater than processing sago. However, there are still some respondents who have a higher income from processing sago. There are 4 respondents where the largest income earned in the household is from sago processing and the remaining 26 respondents have the largest income obtained from businesses outside of sago processing.
Spatial market integration for food price stabilization during the Covid 19 pandemic in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: A case study of the cayenne pepper
Authors: Zaini A , Anwar  , Sudjatmiko D P , Suparmin  
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic can affect the movement and prices of agricultural commodities, including red chili peppers as a result of restrictions on community activities or lock-down. This study aims to empirically examine the spatial integration of the four main markets for cayenne pepper in West Nusa Tenggara, namely Mandalika (Mataram City), Aikmel (East Lombok), Seketeng (Sumbawa), and Amahami (Bima City).The analysis was carried out using the Johansen Cointegration Model and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) using weekly time series data. The results of the study concluded that the four markets studied are spatially integrated. The role of the Aikmel market is very dominant for the occurrence of price volatility compared to the other three markets.
Sustaining food security in the Karst Mountains through increasing household income: a case study of Gunungkidul Indonesia
Authors: Antriyandarti E , Barokah U , Rahayu W 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
One of the poverty areas in Indonesia is in Gunungkidul district, an arid area in the karst mountain area. The scarcity of surface water is the main obstacle to economic development activities in the Karst Mountains of Gunungkidul, especially for agriculture and animal husbandry. The vulnerability of nature, agro-climate, and geographical conditions are not suitable for agricultural economic activities. The income of the agricultural community in the karst mountain area is minimal, which causes high poverty. The highly volatile rainfall in the region and extreme climate change can be destructive. Hence, poverty occurs in Gunungkidul, where dry land and Karst Mountains dominate geographical conditions exacerbate this condition. This study investigates the pattern of household expenditure and analyzes the factors that increase household income. This study applied descriptive analysis and income determination function. The results showed that more than half of household expenditure was for food needs. Non-farming activities have a high contribution to household income. Therefore, to increase household income, households must engage in off-farm jobs. The higher the household income, the food security will be sustained.
Analysis of the implementation of regional regulation no 14 of 2019 concerning forest management to drive improvements of forest resources governance in the province of West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Ichsan Andi Chairil , Markum  , Anwar Hairil , B Kornelia Webliana , Waru Tenri , Aji Irwan Mahakam Lesmono , Ardiantari Lale Dini , Andayani Ika , Wulan Geo Ira Three 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To optimize the role and function of forest management at the site level, the provincial government has issued a regional regulation (PERDA) No. 14 of 2019 concerning forest management, which consists of 18 chapters and 64 articles. This regional regulation (PERDA) is expected to be a guide, basis, and conceptual framework in every decision making in the forestry sector in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). Thus, the presence of PERDA No. 14 of 2019 has a high urgency in determining the direction of forestry development in NTB, hence requiring a comprehensive process to oversee its implementation. This study aims to analyze more deeply related to the effectiveness and strategy of implementing PERDA No. 14 of 2019, where the results can be used as a reference for the government in optimizing forestry development policies and programs in NTB. This study uses a policy valuation approach with a retrospective (ex-post) scope of analysis, namely the analysis process carried out after the policy action is carried out. The criteria used to analyze the implementation of the PERDA No. 14 of 2019 focus on six main criteria, including policy effectiveness, efficiency in policy implementation, adequacy of needs, alignment in policy implementation, responsiveness, and the accuracy of the policies implemented.