bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clogging index: A tool to quantify filter bed clogging in horizontal subsurface flow macrophyte‐assisted vermifilter
Authors: Suhaib K. Hasim , Bhunia Puspendu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a mathematical index for quantifying filter bed clogging in horizontal subsurface flow macrophyte‐assisted vermifilter (HSSF‐MAVF). The developed clogging index (CI) simulates the porosity reduction in the HSSF‐MAVF bed due to the combined actions of deposition of suspended solids, biofilm generation, and plant growth. A series of experiments based on HSSF‐MAVF were conducted to examine the key parameters related to clogging of the vermifilter such as hydraulic loading rates (HLR), organic strength (COD), and total suspended solid (TSS) at different operating conditions for the treatment of synthetic dairy wastewaters. The index was then validated using the data collected from the experiments. The predicted CI was observed to be highly capable of replicating the clogging phenomenon, as observed in this experimental study within the error range of 2–8%. Based on the visual observation and value of CI, filter beds can be grouped as unclogged (CI < 25), partially clogged (25 < CI < 40), and clogged (40 < CI). Clogged filter beds with higher CI resulted in a 5–15% reduction in the COD removal performance of HSSF‐MAVFs. Moreover, the CI also envisages one to understand the individual contributions of biofilm growth, suspended solid deposition, and plant roots growth on the filter bed clogging during the operation of vermifilter and thus helps in deciding the proper setting of operational conditions to prolong the time of HSSF‐MAVF operations within the acceptable range of bed materials clogging.Practitioner Points

A mathematical index was developed to quantify clogging of the HSSF‐MAVF.
Flow is the most sensitive parameter based upon the sensitivity analysis.
Dairy wastewater was used for the validation of CI.
Cutkosky’s theorem for massive one-loop Feynman integrals: part 1
Authors: Mühlbauer Maximilian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe formulate and prove Cutkosky’s Theorem regarding the discontinuity of Feynman integrals in the massive one-loop case up to the involved intersection index. This is done by applying the techniques to treat singular integrals developed in Fotiadi et al. (Topology 4(2):159–191, 1965) . We write one-loop integrals as an integral of a holomorphic family of holomorphic forms over a compact cycle. Then, we determine at which points simple pinches occur and explicitly compute a representative of the corresponding vanishing sphere. This also yields an algorithm to compute the Landau surface of a one-loop graph without explicitly solving the Landau equations. We also discuss the bubble, triangle and box graph in detail.
Association of extent of resection and functional outcomes in diffuse low-grade glioma: systematic review & meta-analysis
Authors: Elsheikh Mustafa , Bridgman Elsie , Lavrador Jose Pedro , Lammy Simon , Poon Michael Tin Chung 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Surgical resection offers survival benefits in patients with diffuse low-grade glioma (DLGG) but its association with functional outcomes is uncertain. This systematic review assessed functional outcomes associated with extent of resection (EoR) in adults with DLGG.

Methods
We searched Medline, Embase and CENTRAL on the 19th of February 2021 for observational studies reporting functional outcomes after surgical resection for patients aged ≥ 18 years with a new diagnosis of supratentorial DLGG according to any World Health Organization classification of primary brain tumors. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) informed our risk of bias assessments. The proportion of patients returning to work within 12 months entered a random-effects meta-analysis. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021238387.

Results
There were seven eligible moderate to high-quality (NOS > 6) observational studies identified from 1,183 records involving 234 patients with DLGG. Functional outcomes reported included neurocognition (n = 2 studies), performance status (n = 3), quality of life (QoL) (n = 1) and return to work (n = 6). The proportion of patients who returned to work within 12 months of surgery was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI] 50–96%, I-squared = 38%, 5 studies) for gross total resection, 66% (95% CI 14–96%, I2 = 57%, 5 studies) for subtotal resection, and 31% (95% CI 4–82%, I2 = 0%, 4 studies) for partial resection. There was insufficient data on other functional outcomes for quantitative synthesis.

Conclusion
A higher proportion of DLGG patients returned to work following gross total resection compared with those who had a subtotal or partial resection. Further studies with standardized assessments can clarify the association between EoR and different functional outcomes.
Do open citations give insights on the qualitative peer-review evaluation in research assessments? An analysis of the Italian National Scientific Qualification
Authors: Bologna Federica , Di Iorio Angelo , Peroni Silvio , Poggi Francesco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the past, several works have investigated ways for combining quantitative and qualitative methods in research assessment exercises. Indeed, the Italian National Scientific Qualification (NSQ), i.e. the national assessment exercise which aims at deciding whether a scholar can apply to professorial academic positions as Associate Professor and Full Professor, adopts a quantitative and qualitative evaluation process: it makes use of bibliometrics followed by a peer-review process of candidates’ CVs. The NSQ divides academic disciplines into two categories, i.e. citation-based disciplines (CDs) and non-citation-based disciplines (NDs), a division that affects the metrics used for assessing the candidates of that discipline in the first part of the process, which is based on bibliometrics. In this work, we aim at exploring whether citation-based metrics, calculated only considering open bibliographic and citation data, can support the human peer-review of NDs and yield insights on how it is conducted. To understand if and what citation-based (and, possibly, other) metrics provide relevant information, we created a series of machine learning models to replicate the decisions of the NSQ committees. As one of the main outcomes of our study, we noticed that the strength of the citational relationship between the candidate and the commission in charge of assessing his/her CV seems to play a role in the peer-review phase of the NSQ of NDs.
Efficacy and safety of tisagenlecleucel in adult Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma: results from the phase 2 ELARA trial
Authors: Fukuhara Noriko , Kato Koji , Goto Hideki , Takeshi Tajima , Kawaguchi Mayu , Tokushige Kota , Akashi Koichi , Teshima Takanori , Harigae Hideo , Schuster Stephen J. , Thieblemont Catherine , Dreyling Martin , Fowler Nathan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Tisagenlecleucel yielded a high durable response rate in patients with relapsed/refractory (r/r) follicular lymphoma (FL) in the global phase 2 ELARA trial. Here, we report the efficacy, safety, and cellular kinetics of tisagenlecleucel in a subgroup of Japanese patients with r/r FL from ELARA.

Methods
ELARA (NCT03568461) is a global single-arm trial of tisagenlecleucel in patients with r/r FL who received ≥ 2 prior lines of therapy. The primary endpoint was the complete response rate (CRR), and the secondary endpoints were the overall response rate, duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival, safety, and cellular kinetics.

Results
As of March 29, 2021, nine Japanese patients were enrolled and received tisagenlecleucel with a median follow-up of 13.6 months (range, 10.5‒19.3). Per independent review committee, CRR was 100% (95% CI 63.1‒100). Within 8 weeks of infusion, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) of any grade was reported in 6 patients (66.7%); however, no grade ≥ 3 CRS or any grade serious neurological events or treatment-related deaths were observed.

Conclusion
Tisagenlecleucel showed high efficacy and manageable safety in adult Japanese patients with r/r FL. Moreover, the clinical outcomes were similar to the global population, which supports the potential of tisagenlecleucel in Japanese patients with r/r FL.
Free will and the moral vice explanation of hell's finality
Authors: Hartman Robert J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccording to the Free Will Explanation of a traditional view of hell, human freedom explains why some human persons are in hell. Human freedom also explains its punishment and finality: persons in hell have freely developed moral vices that are their own punishment and that make repentance psychologically impossible. So, even though God continues to desire reconciliation with persons in hell, damned persons do not want reconciliation with God. But this moral vice explanation of hell's finality is implausible. I argue that God can and would make direct or indirect alterations in their character to give them new motivational reasons that re-enable their freedom to repent. Subsequently, I argue that it is probable that each damned person will be saved eventually, because there is a potential infinity of opportunities for free repentance. Thus, if the Free Will Explanation's descriptions of hell and divine love are correct, it is highly probable that each person in hell escapes to heaven.
Be wifmannes beweddunge: Betrothals and Weddings in Anglo-Saxon England
Authors: Cardwell Samuel 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe Old English quasi-legal text Be wifmannes beweddunge (‘On the betrothal of a woman’) is a key source for understanding how marriages were contracted in late Anglo-Saxon England. This paper will use the nine clauses of Be wifmannes beweddunge as a window into a broader discussion of the Anglo-Saxon betrothal and wedding process. It will consider in turn the issue of licit and illicit unions, the economic and legal terms of the betrothal agreement, and the development of Christian wedding rites. It will argue that Be wifmannes beweddunge is fundamentally concerned with the legal, financial, physical and social protection of women within marriage. Moreover, it will argue that this text offers evidence for a gradual Christianisation of betrothal and wedding customs in late Anglo-Saxon England.
Writhed Analytical Magnetic Flux Rope Model
Authors: Weiss A. J. , Nieves‐Chinchilla T. , Möstl C. , Reiss M. A. , Amerstorfer T. , Bailey R. L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObservations of magnetic clouds, within interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), are often well described by flux rope models. Most of these assume either a cylindrical or toroidal geometry. In some cases, these models are also capable of accounting for non‐axisymmetric cross‐sections but they generally all assume axial invariance. It can be expected that any ICME, and its flux rope, will be deformed along its axis due to influences such as the solar wind. In this work, we aim to develop a writhed analytical magnetic flux rope model which would allow us to analytically describe a flux rope structure with varying curvature and torsion so that we are no longer constrained to a cylindrical or toroidal geometry. In this first iteration of our model we will solely focus on a circular cross‐section of constant size. We describe our flux rope geometry in terms of a parametrized flux rope axis and a parallel transport frame. We derive expressions for the axial and poloidal magnetic field components under the assumption that the total axial magnetic flux is conserved. We find an entire class of possible solutions, which differ by the choice of integration constants, and present the results for a specific example. In general, we find that the twist of the magnetic field locally changes when the geometry deviates from a cylinder or torus. This new approach also allows us to generate completely new types of in situ magnetic field profiles which strongly deviate from those generated by cylindrical or toroidal models.
Diurnal Variation of Summer Monsoon Season Precipitation Over Southern Hainan Island, China: The Role of Boundary Layer Inertial Oscillations Over Indochina Peninsula
Authors: Wang Xiucheng , Xue Ming , Zhu Kefeng , Zhang Yuehan , Fan Ziqi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn June after the onset of the East Asian summer monsoon season, rainfall on the south side of Hainan Island (HNI) of China exhibits a trimodal pattern with an unusual peak near noon. A typical case of 20 June 2017 is chosen to analyze the mechanisms through a convection‐permitting simulation together with rainfall observations. Clockwise rotation in low‐level winds is found at and off the coast of south HNI, leading to maximum onshore southwesterly winds in the late morning that is closely linked to the diurnal variation of rainfall. The offshore diurnal variations of low‐level winds are tracked upstream and attributed to boundary layer inertial oscillations over the inland plain of Indochina Peninsula. In addition, a short wide gap comprised mostly of hills lower than 700 m is located across the higher Annamite Range along the east coast of the Peninsula, right upstream of HNI. Nocturnal boundary layer low‐level jet (LLJ) forming over the plain passes through the gap with significant acceleration due to gap channeling and downslope flow effects, reaching peak intensity off the Peninsula coast at around 09 local standard time (LST). The enhanced LLJ propagates downstream towards HNI and impinges on the mountains at around 12 LST when rainfall reaches peak there. As the inertial‐oscillation‐indued perturbation winds approaching the Island weaken and eventually reverse direction, lifting weakens and low‐level stability increases as descending motion develops offshore. Rainfall on the southern Island therefore dissipates in late afternoon.
Modified Factorized Transient Wave Model in Tree Pipe Networks for Leak Localization With Less Boundary Measurements
Authors: Che Tong‐Chuan , Wang Xun , Zhou Ling , Duan Huan‐Feng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPressure measurement within each boundary pipe of a tree network has been the prerequisite to the formulation of its factorized transient wave propagation model, which is essential for developing a robust and efficient leak localization algorithm. However, the accessibility of all boundary pipes cannot be always guaranteed in underground pipe networks. The inaccessibility of any one boundary pipe for pressure sensor placement would result in the complete invalidity of this elegant algorithm. To address this problem, this paper reformulates and modifies the factorized wave propagation model, which allows the leak localization algorithm to be implemented without the strict accessibility requirement of all boundary pipes. This is realized by linearizing and factorizing the point transfer matrices of boundary pipes based on the small leak approximation. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the modified algorithm can accurately localize a single leak and give a good estimation of multiple co‐existing leaks in a tree network. Moreover, the modified algorithm is verified by recent laboratory experiments conducted in a tree network of viscoelastic pipes, where a leak is successfully localized.
A large-scale genomic snapshot of Klebsiella spp. isolates in Northern Italy reveals limited transmission between clinical and non-clinical settings
Authors: Thorpe Harry A. , Booton Ross , Kallonen Teemu , Gibbon Marjorie J. , Couto Natacha , Passet Virginie , López-Fernández Sebastián , Rodrigues Carla , Matthews Louise , Mitchell Sonia , Reeve Richard , David Sophia , Merla Cristina , Corbella Marta , Ferrari Carolina , Comandatore Francesco , Marone Piero , Brisse Sylvain , Sassera Davide , Corander Jukka , Feil Edward J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Klebsiella group, found in humans, livestock, plants, soil, water and wild animals, is genetically and ecologically diverse. Many species are opportunistic pathogens and can harbour diverse classes of antimicrobial resistance genes. Healthcare-associated Klebsiella pneumoniae clones that are non-susceptible to carbapenems can spread rapidly, representing a high public health burden. Here we report an analysis of 3,482 genome sequences representing 15 Klebsiella species sampled over a 17-month period from a wide range of clinical, community, animal and environmental settings in and around the Italian city of Pavia. Northern Italy is a hotspot for hospital-acquired carbapenem non-susceptible Klebsiella and thus a pertinent setting to examine the overlap between isolates in clinical and non-clinical settings. We found no genotypic or phenotypic evidence for non-susceptibility to carbapenems outside the clinical environment. Although we noted occasional transmission between clinical and non-clinical settings, our data point to a limited role of animal and environmental reservoirs in the human acquisition of Klebsiella spp. We also provide a detailed genus-wide view of genomic diversity and population structure, including the identification of new groups.
A hybrid GNA instability
Authors: Karmakar Pralay Kumar , Kalita Dhrubajit , Atteya Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA semi-analytic admixed model formalism to study the stability effects of the inner crust regions against the local collective perturbations in non-rotating neutron stars is proposed. It consists of the viscoelastic heavy neutron-rich nuclei, superfluid neutrons, and degenerate quantum electrons. A normal spherical mode analysis yields a generalized linear dispersion relation multiparametrically mimicking the inner crust features of neutron stars. A hybrid gravito-nucleo-acoustic (GNA) instability mode is found to be excited. It is demonstrated that the electron density and the inner crust curvature act as its accelerating and antidispersive agents. In contrast, the heavy neutron-rich nucleus and neutron densities act as decelerating factors. The heavy nucleus density, electron density, and geometric curvature act as its destabilizers. It is only the neutron density that acts as the GNA stabilizing agent. The heavy neutron-rich nucleus and neutron densities are found to act as dispersive broadening factors to it. The high-$$K$$
K
regions are the more unstable spectral windows indicating that the GNA mode plays a dominant role in the inner crust zone towards the local stability. Its fair reliability is indicated in light of the recent astronomic observed scenarios. It could be useful to explore acoustic mode signatures in non-rotating neutron stars and similar other compact astroobjects.
Pharmacological targeting of glutamatergic neurons within the brainstem for weight reduction
Authors: Schneeberger Marc , Brice Nicola L. , Pellegrino Kyle , Parolari Luca , Shaked Jordan T. , Page Keith J. , Marchildon François , Barrows Douglas W. , Carroll Thomas S. , Topilko Thomas , Mulligan Victoria M. , Newman Robert , Doyle Kevin , Bürli Roland , Barker Daniel F. , Glen Angela , Ortuño María José , Nectow Alexander R. , Renier Nicolas , Cohen Paul , Carlton Mark , Heintz Nathaniel , Friedman Jeffrey M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFood intake and body weight are tightly regulated by neurons within specific brain regions, including the brainstem, where acute activation of dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) glutamatergic neurons expressing the glutamate transporter Vglut3 (DRNVglut3) drive a robust suppression of food intake and enhance locomotion. Activating Vglut3 neurons in DRN suppresses food intake and increases locomotion, suggesting that modulating the activity of these neurons might alter body weight. Here, we show that DRNVglut3 neurons project to the lateral hypothalamus (LHA), a canonical feeding center that also reduces food intake. Moreover, chronic DRNVglut3 activation reduces weight in both leptin-deficient (ob/ob) and leptin-resistant diet-induced obese (DIO) male mice. Molecular profiling revealed that the orexin 1 receptor (Hcrtr1) is highly enriched in DRN Vglut3 neurons, with limited expression elsewhere in the brain. Finally, an orally bioavailable, highly selective Hcrtr1 antagonist (CVN45502) significantly reduces feeding and body weight in DIO. Hcrtr1 is also co-expressed with Vglut3 in the human DRN, suggesting that there might be a similar effect in human. These results identify a potential therapy for obesity by targeting DRNVglut3 neurons while also establishing a general strategy for developing drugs for central nervous system disorders.
A comparative study of source-finding techniques in H I emission line cubes using SoFiA, MTObjects, and supervised deep learning
Authors: Barkai J. A. , Verheijen M. A. W. , Talavera E. , Wilkinson M. H. F. 
Published: November 2022

Context. The 21 cm spectral line emission of atomic neutral hydrogen (H I) is one of the primary wavelengths observed in radio astronomy. However, the signal is intrinsically faint and the H Icontent of galaxies depends on the cosmic environment, requiring large survey volumes and survey depth to investigate the H IUniverse. As the amount of data coming from these surveys continues to increase with technological improvements, so does the need for automatic techniques for identifying and characterising H Isources while considering the tradeoff between completeness and purity.Aims. This study aimed to find the optimal pipeline for finding and masking the most sources with the best mask quality and the fewest artefacts in 3D neutral hydrogen cubes. Various existing methods were explored, including the traditional statistical approaches and machine learning techniques, in an attempt to create a pipeline to optimally identify and mask the sources in 3D neutral hydrogen (H I) 21 cm spectral line data cubes.Methods. Two traditional source-finding methods were tested first: the well-established H Isource-finding software SoFiA and one of the most recent, best performing optical source-finding pieces of software, MTObjects. A new supervised deep learning approach was also tested, in which a 3D convolutional neural network architecture, known as V-Net, which was originally designed for medical imaging, was used. These three source-finding methods were further improved by adding a classical machine learning classifier as a post-processing step to remove false positive detections. The pipelines were tested on H Idata cubes from the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope with additional inserted mock galaxies.Results. Following what has been learned from work in other fields, such as medical imaging, it was expected that the best pipeline would involve the V-Net network combined with a random forest classifier. This, however, was not the case: SoFiA combined with a random forest classifier provided the best results, with the V-Net–random forest combination a close second. We suspect this is due to the fact that there are many more mock sources in the training set than real sources. There is, therefore, room to improve the quality of the V-Net network with better-labelled data such that it can potentially outperform SoFiA.