bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Burn Care: How Burn Camps Survived and Thrived During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Saquib Syed F , Slinkard-Barnum Samantha , Navis Irene L , Chacon Daniel W , Quinn Kristen C , Palmieri Tina A , Newman Annette , Kuhls Deborah A 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBurn camps play a vital role in the recovery of burn survivors by allowing them to develop the confidence and skill sets needed to reintegrate back into society. During the COVID-19 pandemic, burn camps across the United States and Canada could not hold any in-person activities. They had to either pause burn camps or quickly adapt to a virtual online platform. A 37-item electronic survey was developed and emailed to burn camp directors in the United States and Canada to determine what adaptations were necessary during the pandemic. This survey allowed directors to provide details on many facets such as camp format, successes observed, and challenges encountered. Twenty-one of 34 (62%) burn camp organizations completed the survey. Thirteen of the 21 (62%) respondents held virtual burn camps in 2020 while everyone else canceled their camps in 2020. The mean number of camps offered per organization decreased from 6.3 in 2019 to 4.7 in 2020. The average number of burn survivors and family members participating also dropped in that same period (2019 aggregate mean = 229.2 vs 2020 aggregate mean = 151.4). Components of virtual camp included video conferencing platforms, “camp-in-a-box” activities, and some prerecorded sessions. Most camp directors believed that their campers were satisfied with the virtual format. Factors allowing for a successful virtual camp included an effective online platform, scheduling adequate duration of programs, and appropriate staffing levels. Most common barriers to an effective virtual camp were participant engagement, special needs/accessibility concerns, and staff effectiveness in this format. While challenging, burn camps can be held in a virtual format successfully with proper planning, staff training, and support of campers and their families.
Optimality Versus Opportunity: The Recurrent Evolution of Similar Sex Determination Mechanisms
Authors: Roy Scott William 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSex determination mechanisms vary widely across animals, but show remarkable degrees of recurrent evolution. Recurrent features of sex determination have largely been attributed to recurrent cooption of shared ancestral regulatory circuits. However, a new study on sex determination in Daphnia magna reveals both recurrent evolution of specific regulatory logic and apparently recurrent recruitment of a regulator, suggesting a role for optimization in recurrent patterns of sex determination mechanisms.
High-efficiency chromosomal integrative amplification strategy for overexpressing α-amylase in Bacillus licheniformis
Authors: Shen Peili , Niu Dandan , Liu Xuelian , Tian Kangming , Permaul Kugen , Singh Suren , Mchunu Nokuthula Peace , Wang Zhengxiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis is a well-known platform strain for production of industrial enzymes. However, the development of genetically stable recombinant B. licheniformis for high-yield enzyme production is still laborious. Here, a pair of plasmids, pUB-MazF and pUB'-EX1, were firstly constructed. pUB-MazF is a thermosensitive, self-replicable plasmid. It was able to efficiently cure from the host cell through induced expression of an endoribonuclease MazF, which is lethal to the host cell. pUB′-EX1 is a nonreplicative and integrative plasmid. Its replication was dependent on the thermosensitive replicase produced by pUB-MazF. Transformation of pUB′-EX1 into the B. licheniformis BL-UBM harboring pUB-MazF resulted in both plasmids coexisting in the host cell. At an elevated temperature, and in the presence of isopropyl-1-thio-β-d-galactopyranoside and kanamycin, curing of the pUB-MazF and multiple-copy integration of pUB′-EX1 occurred, simultaneously. Through this procedure, genetically stable recombinants integrated multiple copies of amyS, from Geobacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 31195 were facilely obtained. The genetic stability of the recombinants was verified by repeated subculturing and shaking flask fermentations. The production of α-amylase by recombinant BLiS-002, harboring five copies of amyS, in a 50-l bioreactor reached 50 753 U/ml after 72 hr fermentation. This strategy therefore has potential for production of other enzymes in B. licheniformis and for genetic modification of other Bacillus species.
Human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Saito Yuki , Homma Akihiro , Kiyota Naomi , Tahara Makoto , Hanai Nobuhiro , Asakage Takahiro , Matsuura Kazuto , Ota Ichiro , Yokota Tomoya , Sano Daisuke , Kodaira Takeshi , Motegi Atsushi , Yasuda Koichi , Takahashi Shunji , Tanaka Kaoru , Onoe Takuma , Okano Susumu , Imamura Yoshinori , Ariizumi Yosuke , Hayashi Ryuichi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
It was not until around 2000 that human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma was recognized as carcinoma with clinical presentations different from nonrelated head and neck carcinoma. Twenty years after and with the revision of the tumor–node–metastasis classification in 2017, various clinical trials focused on human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients with this disease. However, the incidence of human papillomavirus-related cancers is increasing, which is expected to be particularly prominent in Japan, where human papillomavirus vaccination is not widely available. In this review, we describe the current status of clinical trials (mainly focused on initial surgery and radiation dose reduction) for, primary and secondary prevention of, and the present status of human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma in Japan.
Rare case of an adenomatoid tumor cyst of liver
Authors: Seok David , Nagarkatti Sushruta , Cousineau Craig , Patil Sachin , Jacobs Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Adenomatoid tumors are incidentally found, rare tumors that are usually benign. They usually originate from mesothelial cells and have been reported to occur in the genital tract, though occasionally occur in extra-genital locations. A 33-year-old African–American female was found to have a large multiloculated cystic lesion in segments IV and V of the liver. The patient underwent a laparoscopic central hepatectomy and the tumor was resected en bloc. On pathologic analysis, the specimen showed multiple cysts of variable sizes lined by a single layer of low cuboidal cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed cells staining positive for WT-1 and calretinin, indicative of a tumor of mesothelial origin. Adenomatoid tumors are rarely, if ever found to occur in the liver. Their malignant potential and biology in the liver is unknown, however given their benign behavior in other organs, resection was considered curative.
Death and Decline
Authors: Thieme Aaron 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, I investigate backward-looking accounts of death's badness. I begin by reviewing deprivationism—the standard, forward-looking account of death's badness. On deprivationism, death is bad for its victims when it deprives them of a good future. This account famously faces two problems—Lucretius’s symmetry problem and the preemption problem. This motivates turning to backward-looking accounts of death's badness on which death is bad for its victim (in a respect) when it involves a decline from a good life. I distinguish three different backward-looking accounts of death's badness in terms of decline, and I argue for the attractiveness of one in particular. I conclude by considering how the backward-looking consideration of decline might factor into our overall account of death's badness.
Transient Inhibition of the JNK Pathway Promotes Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Quiescence and Engraftment
Authors: Xie Huangfan , Sun Zhongjie , Xiao Xiong , Liu Defang , Qi Hailong , Tian Guoxiong , Chen Miao , Chen Ligong , Su XunCheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The widespread clinical application of cord blood (CB) for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is limited mainly by the inadequate number of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in single CB units, which results in unsuccessful or delayed engraftment in recipients. The identification of agents to promote CB HSPC engraftment has significant therapeutic value. Here, we found that transient inhibition of the JNK pathway increased the HSC frequency in CB CD34+ cells to 13.46-fold. Mechanistic studies showed that inhibition of the JNK pathway upregulated the expression of quiescence-associated and stemness genes in HSCs, preventing HSCs from entering the cell cycle, increasing glucose uptake and accumulating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, transient inhibition of the JNK pathway during CB CD34+ cell collection also enhanced long-term HSC (LT-HSC) recovery and engraftment efficiency. Collectively, these findings suggest that transient inhibition of the JNK pathway could promote a quiescent state in HSCs by preventing cell cycle entry and metabolic activation, thus enhancing the HSC number and engraftment potential. Together, these findings improve the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing HSC quiescence and stemness and have the potential to improve HSC collection and transplantation.
Integrating a physical activity coaching intervention into diabetes care: a mixed-methods evaluation of a pilot pragmatic trial
Authors: Huebschmann Amy G , Glasgow Russell E , Leavitt Ian M , Chapman Kristi , Rice John D , Lockhart Steven , Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E , Reusch Jane E B , Dunn Andrea L , Regensteiner Judith G 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Physical activity (PA) counseling is under-utilized in primary care for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), despite improving important health outcomes, including physical function. We adapted evidence-based PA counseling programs to primary care patients, staff, and leader’s needs, resulting in “Be ACTIVE” comprised of shared PA tracker data (FitBit©), six theory-informed PA coaching calls, and three in-person clinician visits. In a pilot randomized pragmatic trial, we evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of Be ACTIVE. Sedentary patients with T2D were randomized to Be ACTIVE versus an enhanced control condition. Mixed methods assessments of feasibility and acceptability included costs. Objective pilot effectiveness outcomes included PA (primary outcome, accelerometer steps/week), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) physical function measure, and behavioral PA predictors. Fifty patients were randomized to Be ACTIVE or control condition. Acceptability was &gt;90% for patients and clinic staff. Coaching and PA tracking costs of ~$90/patient met Medicare reimbursement criteria. Pre–post PA increased by ~11% (Be ACTIVE) and ~6% in controls (group difference: 1574 ± 4391 steps/week, p = .72). As compared to controls, Be ACTIVE participants significantly improved SPPB (0.9 ± 0.3 vs. −0.1 ± 0.3, p = .01, changes &gt;0.5 points prevent falls clinically), and PA predictors of self-efficacy (p = .02) and social-environmental support (p &lt; .01). In this pilot trial, Be ACTIVE was feasible and highly acceptable to stakeholders and yielded significant improvements in objective physical function consistent with lower fall risk, whereas PA changes were less than anticipated. Be ACTIVE may need additional adaptation or a longer duration to improve PA outcomes.
“Effectiveness of whole virus COVID-19 vaccine at protecting health care personnel against SARS-CoV-2 infections in Lima, Peru”
Authors: Arriola Carmen S , Soto Giselle , Westercamp Matthew , Bollinger Susan , Espinoza Angelica , Grogl Max , Llanos-Cuentas Alejandro , Matos Eduardo , Romero Candice , Silva Maria , Smith Rachel , Olson Natalie , Prouty Michael , Azziz-Baumgartner Eduardo , Lessa Fernanda C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn February 2021, Peru launched a vaccination campaign among healthcare personnel using BBIBP-CorV inactivated whole virus (BBIBP-CorV) COVID-19 vaccine. Two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccine are recommended, 21 days apart. Data on BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness will inform the use and acceptance of vaccination with BBIBP-CorV vaccine.We evaluated BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness among an existing multi-year influenza cohort at two hospitals in Lima. We analyzed data on 290 participants followed between February and May 2021. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire and provided weekly self-collected anterior nasal swabs tested for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR for sixteen weeks. We performed multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for pre-selected characteristics (age, sex, exposure to COVID-19 patients, work in intensive care unit or emergency department, BMI, and exposure time in days). BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness was calculated after the two-week post-vaccination period as (1-Odds Ratio for testing SARS-CoV-2 positive)x100%.SARS-CoV-2 was detected by rRT-PCR among 25 (9%) participants during follow-up (February-May 2021). Follow-up period ranged 1-11 weeks (median: 2 weeks). Among cohort participants who were fully vaccinated the adjusted vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was estimated as 95% (95% CI: 70%, 99%) and 100% (95% CI: 88%, 100%) for those partially vaccinated.During the study period, vaccination of healthcare personnel with BBIBP-CorV vaccine was effective at reducing SARS-CoV-2 infections in the weeks immediately following vaccination. This information can be used to support vaccination efforts in the region, especially among those who could be concerned about their effectiveness.
Integrated single-cell profiling dissects cell-state-specific enhancer landscapes of human tumor-infiltrating T cells
Authors: Riegel Dania , Romero-Fernández Elena , Simon Malte , Adenugba Akinbami Raphael , Singer Katrin , Mayr Roman , Weber Florian , Imbusch Charles D. , Kreutz Marina , Brors Benedikt , Ugele Ines , Werner Jens M. , Siska Peter J. , Schmidl Christian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite extensive studies on the chromatin landscape of exhausted T cells, the transcriptional wiring underlying the heterogeneous functional and dysfunctional states of human tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is incompletely understood. Here, we identify tissue-specific and general gene-regulatory landscapes in the wide breadth of CD8+ TIL functional states covering four cancer entities using single-cell chromatin profiling. We map enhancer-promoter interactions in human TILs by integrating single-cell chromatin accessibility with single-cell RNA-seq data from tumor entity-matching samples, and prioritize key elements by super-enhancer analysis. Our results reveal a human core chromatin trajectory to TIL dysfunction and identify involved key enhancers, transcriptional regulators, and deregulated target genes in this process. Finally, we validate enhancer regulation at immunotherapeutically relevant loci by targeting non-coding regulatory elements with potent CRISPR activators and repressors. In summary, our study provides a framework for understanding and manipulating cell-state-specific gene-regulatory cues from human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.
Novel Murine models of Mania and Depression
Authors: Chen Binjie , Xia Maosheng , Ji Ming , Gong Wenliang , Zhang Dianjun , Li Xinyu , Wang Siman , Feng Yuliang , Wu Xiafang , Cui Lulu , Verkhratsky Alexei , Li Baoman 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNeuropathological mechanisms triggering manic syndrome or manic episodes in bipolar disorder remain poorly characterised, as the research progress is severely limited by the paucity of appropriate animal models. Here we developed a novel manic mice model by combining a series of chronic unpredictable rhythm disturbances (CURD), which include disruption of circadian rhythm, sleep deprivation, exposure to cone light, with subsequent interference of followed spotlight, stroboscopic illumination, high temperature stress, noise disturbance and foot shock. To validate this novel manic model, we used multiple behavioural and cell biology approaches comparing the CURD-model with healthy controls and depressed mice. The depression model was created by an exposure to an improved chronic unpredictable mild stress, which we defined as chronic unpredictable mild restraint (CUMR). A novel manic mice model induced by environmental stressors and free from genetic or pharmacological interventions will benefit research into pathological mechanisms of mania.
No evidence of induced skin cancer or other skin abnormalities after long term (66 week) chronic exposure to 222-nm far-UVC radiation
Authors: Welch David , Kleiman Norman J. , Arden Peter C. , Kuryla Christine L. , Buonanno Manuela , Ponnaiya Brian , Wu Xuefeng , Brenner David J. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTFar-UVC radiation, typically defined as 200-235 nm, has similar or greater anti-microbial efficacy compared to conventional 254-nm germicidal radiation. In addition, biophysical considerations of the interaction of far-UVC with tissue, as well as multiple short-term safety studies in animal models and humans, suggest that far-UVC exposure may be safe for skin and eye tissue. Nevertheless, the potential for skin cancer after chronic long-term exposure to far-UVC has not been studied. Here, we assessed far-UVC induced carcinogenic skin changes and other pathological dermal abnormalities in 96 SKH-1 hairless mice of both sexes that were exposed to average daily dorsal skin doses of 396 mJ/cm2, 126 mJ/cm2 or 56 mJ/cm2 of 222 nm far-UVC radiation for 66 weeks, 5 days per week, 8 hours per day, as well as similarly-treated unexposed controls. No evidence for increased skin cancer, abnormal skin growths, or incidental skin pathology findings was observed in the far-UVC exposed mice. In addition, there were no significant changes in morbidity or mortality. The findings from this study support the long-term safety of long-term chronic exposure to far-UVC radiation, and therefore its potential suitability as a practical anti-microbial approach to reduce airborne viral and bacterial loads in occupied indoor settings.
Humans trade-off whole-body energy cost to avoid overburdening muscles while walking
Authors: McDonald Kirsty A. , Cusumano Joseph P. , Hieronymi Andrew , Rubenson Jonas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMetabolic cost minimization is thought to underscore the neural control of locomotion. Yet, avoiding high muscle activation, a cause of fatigue, often outperforms energy minimization in computational predictions of human gait. Discerning the relative importance of these criteria in human walking has proved elusive, in part, because they have not been empirically decoupled. Here we explicitly decouple whole-body metabolic cost and ‘fatigue-like’ muscle activation costs (estimated from electromyography) by pitting them against one another using two distinct gait tasks. When experiencing these competing costs, participants (N=10) chose the task that avoided overburdening muscles (fatigue avoidance) at the expense of higher metabolic power (p<0.05). Muscle volume-normalized activation more closely models energy use and was also minimized by the participants’ decision (p<0.05), demonstrating that muscle activation was, at best, an inaccurate signal for metabolic energy. Energy minimization was only observed when there was no adverse effect on muscle activation costs. By decoupling whole-body metabolic and muscle activation costs, we provide among the first empirical evidence of humans embracing non-energetic optimality in favor of a clearly defined neuromuscular objective. This finding indicates that local muscle fatigue and effort may well be key factors dictating human walking behavior and its evolution.
Immunogenomic profiling of lung adenocarcinoma reveals high-grade growth patterns are associated with an immunogenic tumor microenvironment
Authors: Akhave Neal , Bayley Erin M. , Frank Meredith , Behrens Carmen , Zhang Jiexin , Chen Runzhe , Hu Xin , Parra Edwin Roger , Lee Won-Chul , Swisher Stephen , Solis Luisa , Weissferdt Annikka , Moran Cesar , Kalhor Neda , Zhang Jianhua , Scheet Paul , Vaporciyan Ara A. , Sepesi Boris , Gibbons Don L. , Heymach John V. , Lee Jack J. , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Futreal P. Andrew , Zhang Jianjun , Fujimoto Junya , Reuben Alexandre 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype and the most epidemiologically and genetically heterogeneous. Pathologists have routinely observed phenotypic heterogeneity among LUAD primary tumors as reflected by distinct patterns of tumor growth. However, despite prior implications on the association of immune-genomic environment and prognosis, this information is not utilized clinically. Herein, applying multiplatform immune-genomic analysis, we investigate two distinct classification systems and demonstrate that high-grade patterns of growth are associated with a distinct immunogenic tumor microenvironment that is predicted with a favorable response to immunotherapy, a finding with growing importance in the era of adjuvant and neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
Characterizing brain imaging features associated with ADAS-Cog13 sub-scores with 3D convolutional neural networks
Authors: Ning Kaida , Cannon Pascale B. , Yu Jiawei , Shenoi Srinesh , Wang Lu ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Sarkar Joydeep 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTTo date, few advanced machine learning models have been developed for investigating the associations between features from brain imaging and individual Alzheimer’s disease (AD) related cognitive functional changes. Additionally, how these associations differ among different imaging modalities is unclear. Here we investigated 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) models which were trained to predict sub-scores in 13-item Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog13) based on MRI and FDG-PET brain imaging data obtained from the ADNI database. We found that each key ADAS-Cog13 sub-score was associated with a specific set of brain features within an imaging modality. Overall, sub-scores were strongly associated with structural changes of subcortical regions including amygdala, hippocampus, and putamen, and were associated with metabolic changes of cortical regions including the cingulated gyrus, occipital cortex, middle front gyrus, precuneus cortex, and the cerebellum. Our findings provided insights into complex AD etiology. Our analytical pipeline can also be utilized to study other brain diseases.
Does family size matter to investors? Evidence from mutual fund flow in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsubaiei Bader Jawid 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study aims to examine the role of fund family size on the money flow of Saudi Arabian open-end equity mutual funds. The author also investigates whether the relationship between fund flow and past return varies based on the fund's family size.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyses 256 equity funds that operated in Saudi Arabia from 2006 until 2017. Pooled and fixed-effect regression models are used to test the relationship between mutual fund flow and family size.FindingsThe results indicate that fund flow is higher for large size family funds. The results also show that the relationship between mutual fund flow and past performance is more pronounced for large size families, which supports the concept that investors pay extra attention to funds' return and size.Research limitations/implicationsThe author provides evidence of the significant effect of family size of mutual funds on future money flow, which helps fund managers to understand investors' motivations for allocating their cash.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature by examining the impact of family size level on the interaction between fund flow and past performance. This study is believed to be the first to investigate the family size factor in Saudi Arabia using a comprehensive data set.