bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perivascular spaces as a marker of psychological trauma in depression: A 7‐Tesla MRI study
Authors: Ranti Daniel L , Warburton Andrew J , Rutland John W , Dullea Jonathan T. , Markowitz Matthew , Smith Derek A , Kligler Sophie Z Karwoska , Rutter Sarah , Langan Mackenzie , Arrighi‐Allisan Annie , George Ilena , Verma Gaurav , Murrough James W , Delman Bradley N , Balchandani Priti , Morris Laurel S 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionEmerging evidence in depression suggests that blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and elevated inflammatory cytokines in states of persistent stress or trauma may contribute to the development of symptoms. Signal‐to‐noise ratio afforded by ultra‐high field MRI may aid in the detection of maladaptations of the glymphatic system related to BBB integrity that may not be visualized at lower field strengths.MethodsWe investigated the link between glymphatic neuroanatomy via perivascular spaces (PVS) and trauma experience in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and in healthy controls using 7‐Tesla MRI and a semi‐automated segmentation algorithm.ResultsAfter controlling for age and gender, the number of traumatic events was correlated with total PVS volume in MDD patients (r = 0.50, p = .028) and the overall population (r = 0.34, p = .024). The number of traumatic events eliciting horror was positively correlated with total PVS volume in MDD patients (r = 0.50, p = .030) and the overall population (r = 0.32, p = .023). Age correlated positively with PVS count, PVS total volume, and PVS density in all participants (r > 0.35, p < .01).ConclusionsThese results suggest a relationship between glymphatic dysfunction related to BBB integrity and psychological trauma, and that glymphatic impairment may play a role in trauma‐related symptomatology.
Skeleton‐level control for multi‐agent simulation through deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Elías Alonso Guillermo , Jin Xiaogang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMulti‐agent simulation has attracted much attention in the field of computer animation in the last decades for its ability to model interaction between autonomous micro level entities. It widely uses deep reinforcement learning (DRL), which allows us to model environments and its agents approaching real‐world and human‐level complexity, with applications in robotics and computer animation, among others. However, DRL multi‐agent simulation faces additional challenges: they have to be able to generalize high‐dimensional observations and relate them with a high‐dimensional action space, maximizing long‐term cumulated reward. Due to this, DRL systems with numerous interacting agents seldom consider skeleton‐level action spaces. To this end, we present skeleton‐level control for multi‐agent simulation with DRL. With our method, we are able to procedurally generate real‐time collision‐free simulations directly on individual agents with a high‐dimensional skeleton‐level action space. The state in our DRL system includes the velocity of the agent, its destination, and the status of its joints, as well as visual‐based information about the environment and other agents. Our reward function encourages motion into the target destinations, and enalizes collision. We provide extensive experimentation to show the ability of agents to reach their goal through its skeleton motion while successfully avoiding inter‐collisions.
The role of digital interactive technology in cultural heritage learning: Evaluating a mid‐air gesture‐based interactive media of Ruihetu
Authors: Li Qiang , Luo Tian , Wang Jingjing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the role of mid‐air gesture‐based interaction technologies in cultural heritage learning. In an experiment, a mid‐air gesture‐based interactive media for Chinese Song Dynasty traditional paintingRuihetu was developed and validated. Participants tested three experimental conditions: video learning only; interactive experience first, then video learning; and video learning first, then interactive experience. According to the research results, the outcomes of participants' learning of this cultural heritage differed significantly across all three experimental conditions. This study's findings offer insights into cultural learning of Chinese traditional painting in museums using mid‐air gesture‐based technology, specifically that video learning exhibits should be combined with and preceded by multimedia interactive exhibits for improved memory and understanding.
A General Electro‐Synthesis Approach to Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids
Authors: Pollok Dennis , Großmann Luca M. , Behrendt Torsten , Opatz Till , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAmaryllidaceae alkaloids appeal to organic chemists with their attractive structures and their impressive antitumor and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties. We demonstrate a highly versatile access to this family of natural products. A general protocol with high yields in a sustainable electro‐organic key transformation on a metal‐free anode to spirodienones facilitates functionalization to the alkaloids. The biomimetic syntheses start with the readily available, inexpensive biogenic starting materials methyl gallate, O‐methyl tyramine, and vanillin derivatives. Through known dynamic resolutions, this technology provides access to both enantiomeric series of (epi‐)martidine, (epi‐)crinine, siculine, and galantamine, clinically prescribed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
CO2‐Induced Two‐Dimensional Amorphous TiO2 and Its Excellent Film‐Forming Properties
Authors: Yan Pengfei , Han Yixin , Xu Qun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFabrication of amorphous transition metal oxides (TMOs) is necessary to explore their functionality for potential applications, while it is challenging for this type of inorganic materials. Finding an ideal and efficient route for their amorphization is in anticipation. Herein, as a typical non‐layered TMO, two‐dimensional amorphous TiO2(B) has been successfully fabricated with the assistance of supercritical CO2 (SC CO2). Depending on multi‐level theoretical simulations, it demonstrates that the defect regions in TiO2(B) are favorable for CO2 to exert its amorphization effect. Therefore, it provides a new insight into understanding the microscopic mechanism of SC CO2 to functionalize non‐layered TMOs. Further, stable optically transparent thin films based on the as‐prepared samples were conveniently obtained, and their excellent optical stability is also identified.
Ransomware recognition in blockchain network using water moth flame optimization‐aware DRNN
Authors: Nalinipriya Ganapathi , Balajee Maram , Priya Chittibabu , Rajan Cristin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe emergence of networking systems and quick deployment of applications cause huge increase in cybercrimes which involves various applications like phishing, hacking, and malware propagation. However, the Ransomware techniques utilize certain device which may lead to undesirable properties which might shrink the paying‐victim pool. This paper devises a new method, namely Water Moth Flame optimization (WMFO) and deep recurrent neural network (Deep RNN) for determining Ransomware. Here, Deep RNN training is done with WMFO, and is developed by combining Moth Flame optimization (MFO) and Water wave optimization (WWO). Moreover, features are mined with opcodes and by finding term frequency‐inverse document frequency (TF‐IDF) amongst individual features. Moreover, Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis (PPCA) is adapted to choose significant features. These features are adapted in Deep RNN for classification, wherein the proposed WMFO is employed to produce optimum weights. The WMFO offered enhanced performance with elevated accuracy of 95.025%, sensitivity of 95%, and specificity of 96%.
A novel adaptive H‐infinity filtering method for the accurate SOC estimation of lithium‐ion batteries based on optimal forgetting factor selection
Authors: Liu Yuyang , Wang Shunli , Xie Yanxin , Fernandez Carlos , Qiu Jingsong , Zhang Yixing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAccurate estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of lithium‐ion batteries is quite crucial to battery safety monitoring and efficient use of energy; to improve the accuracy of lithium‐ion battery SOC estimation under complicated working conditions, the research object of this study is the ternary lithium‐ion battery; the forgetting factor recursive least square (FFRLS) method optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) and adaptive H‐infinity filter (HIF) algorithm are adopted to estimate battery SOC. The PSO algorithm is improved with dynamic inertia weight to optimize the forgetting factor to solve the contradiction between FFRLS convergence speed and anti‐noise ability. The noise covariance matrixes of the HIF are improved to realize adaptive correction function and improve the accuracy of SOC estimation. To verify the rationality of the joint algorithm, a second‐order Thevenin model is established to estimate the SOC under three complex operating conditions. The experimental results show that the absolute value of the maximum estimation error of the improved algorithm under the three working conditions is 0.0192, 0.0131, and 0.0111, respectively, which proves that the improved algorithm has high accuracy and offers a theoretical basis for the safe and efficient operation of the battery management system.
IoT streamed data handling model using delta encoding
Authors: Jindal Rajni , Kumar Neetesh , Patidar Sanjay 
Published: June 2022

SummaryInternet of Thing (IoT) is a trending internet connectivity extension to connect physical devices on the heterogeneous networks to meet application requirements on various grounds, that is, health, agriculture, industry, and so forth. The amount of streamed data is generated by the IoT devices and processed via IoT device itself or external resources such as Cloud/Fog by considering real‐time constraints. The problem arises in real‐time data transmission when a huge amount of stream data is generated from IoT devices, and it travels through the network and needs to be processed on low‐speed IoT infrastructure. Considering this scenario, there is an extremely requirement for designing a model relying on real‐time stream data handling for speedy transmission considering IoT device real‐time communication constraint. On the other hand, IoT devices are also very sensitive towards energy consumption during the streamed data transmission, and low battery devices become a barrier in data handling in real‐time. To overcome these limitations, a model is proposed to compress and encrypt the data stream during the IoT network transmission. In this model, delta encoding facilitates the compression in form of deltas. To ensure security requirements, a light weighted stream cipher encryption technique is proposed. For the experimentation, a test‐bed setup is prepared to utilize Raspberry Pi (IoT device), CPU, and collectors to collect data stream. The proposed approach is compared with the baseline model, that is, LDPC encoding on temperature sensor datasets. As an outcome, the data are compressed up to 37.59%, and the average transmission time and the average power consumption are reduced by 72.57% and 68.86%, respectively.
Numerical characterization of inter‐core coalescence by AC dielectrophoresis in double‐emulsion droplets
Authors: Tao Ye , Liu Weiyu , Ge Zhenyou , Song Chunlei , Xue Rui , Ren Yukun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe utilization of an alternating current electric field provides a good means to achieve controlled coalescence between paired inner cores encapsulated in water‐in‐oil‐in‐water double‐emulsion (DE) droplets. Although previous studies have experimentally determined the conditions under which inter‐core electrokinetic fusion occurs, the transient interfacial dielectrophoretic (DEP) dynamics key to understand the underlying fluid mechanics is still unclear from a physical point of view. By coupling DEP motion of two‐phase flow to phase‐field formulation, bulk‐coupled numerical simulations are conducted to characterize the spatial–temporal evolution of the surface charge wave and the resulting nonlinear electrical force induced at both the core/shell and medium/shell oil/water interfaces. The effect of interfacial charge relaxation and droplet geometry on inter‐core attractive dipolar interaction is investigated within a wide parametric space, and four distinct device operation modes, including normal inter‐core fusion, shell elongation, partial core leakage, and complete core release, are well distinguished from one another by flow regime argumentation. Our results herein reveal for the first time the hitherto unknown transient electrohydrodynamic fluid motion of DE droplet driven by Maxwell–Wagner structural polarization. The dynamic simulation method proposed in present study points out an effective outlet to predict the nonlinear electrokinetic behavior of multicore DE droplets for realizing a more controlled triggering of microscale reactions for a wide range of applications in drug discovery, skin care, and food industry.
Optimization of a mAb production process with regard to robustness and product quality using quality by design principles
Authors: Wohlenberg Ole Jacob , Kortmann Carlotta , Meyer Katharina V. , Schellenberg Jana , Dahlmann Katharina , Bahnemann Janina , Scheper Thomas , Solle Dörte 
Published: June 2022

AbstractQuality by Design principles are well described and widely used in biopharmaceutical industry. The characterization of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) production process is crucial for novel process development and control. Yet, the application throughout the entire upstream process was rarely demonstrated. Following previously published research, this study marks the second step toward a complete process characterization and is focused on the effect of critical process parameters on the antibody production efficiency and quality of the process. In order to conduct the complex Design of Experiments approach with optimal control and comparability, the ambr®15 micro bioreactor platform was used. Investigated parameters included the pH and dissolved oxygen set points, the initial viable cell density (iVCD) as well as the N‐1 duration. Various quality attributes (e.g., growth rate, viability, mAb titer, and peak proportion) were monitored and analyzed using multivariate data analysis to evaluate the parameter effects. The pH set point and the initial VCD were identified as key process parameters with strong influence on the cell growth as well as the mAb production and its proportion to the total protein concentration. For optimization and improvement in robustness of these quality attributes the pH must be increased to 7.2, while the iVCD must be lowered to 0.2 × 106 cells/mL. Based on the defined design space, additional experiments verified the results and confirmed the intact bioactivity of the antibody. Thereby, process control strategies could be tuned toward high cell maintenance and mAb production, which enable optimal downstream processing.
Design and optimization of a novel reverse layered air‐cooling battery management system using U and Z type flow patterns
Authors: Lan Xin , Li Xiangrui , Ji Shaobo , Gao Chunyu , He Zhiwei 
Published: June 2022

SummaryBattery thermal management technology is critical to the lifespan and performance of the lithium‐ion battery packs. In this work, a reverse layered series cooling scheme with a U/Z type flow pattern is introduced to enhance the temperature uniformity of the forced‐air cooling BTMS. The cooling performance of the current design is investigated and compared with that of the parallel cooling for the dynamic unsteady heat generation process. It is demonstrated that the proposed cooling scheme provides good cooling performance and uniform temperature distribution. Then, the geometric structure of the proposed cooling scheme with a U‐type inlet/outlet manifold is optimized by the response surface methodology and the Cuckoo search algorithm. In comparison with the initial design, the maximum temperature of the optimized design is reduced by 0.97°C and the temperature difference is reduced by up to 36.4% (1.23°C) with the pressure drop increased merely by 1.28 Pa.
EWSR1::YY1 fusion positive peritoneal epithelioid mesothelioma harbors mesothelioma epigenetic signature: Report of 3 cases in support of an emerging entity
Authors: Dermawan Josephine K. , Torrence Dianne , Lee Cheng‐Han , Villafania Liliana , Mullaney Kerry A. , DiNapoli Sara , Sukhadia Purvil , Benayed Ryma , Borsu Laetitia , Agaram Narasimhan P. , Nash Garrett M. , Dickson Brendan C. , Benhamida Jamal , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMesothelioma is a rare, aggressive malignant neoplasm of mesothelial origin. A small subset of peritoneal mesothelioma is driven by recurrent gene fusions, mostly EWSR1/FUS::ATF1 fusions, with predilection for young adults. To date, only two cases of mesothelioma harboring EWSR1::YY1 fusions have been described. We present three additional cases of EWSR1::YY1‐fused peritoneal mesotheliomas, two localized and one diffuse, all occurring in the peritoneum of middle‐aged adults (2 females and 1 male), and discovered incidentally by imaging or during surgery performed for unrelated reasons. None presented with symptoms or had a known history of asbestos exposure. All three cases were cellular epithelioid neoplasms with heterogeneous architectural patterns comprising mostly solid nests and sheets with variably papillary and trabecular areas against collagenous stroma. Cytologically, the cells were monomorphic, polygonal, epithelioid cells with dense eosinophilic cytoplasm and centrally located nuclei. Overt mitotic activity or tumor necrosis was absent. All cases showed strong diffuse immunoreactivity for pancytokeratin, CK7, and nuclear WT1, patchy to negative calretinin, retained BAP1 expression, and were negative for Ber‐EP4 and MOC31. RNA‐sequencing confirmed in‐frame gene fusion transcripts involving EWSR1 exon 7/8 and YY1 exon 2/3. By unsupervised clustering analysis, the methylation profiles of EWSR1::YY1‐fused mesotheliomas clustered similarly with EWSR1/FUS::ATF1‐fused mesotheliomas and conventional mesotheliomas, suggesting a mesothelioma epigenetic signature. All three patients underwent surgical resection or cytoreductive surgery of the masses. On follow‐up imaging, no recurrence or progression of disease was identified. Our findings suggest that EWSR1::YY1‐fusion defines a small subset of peritoneal epithelioid mesothelioma in middle‐aged adults without history of asbestos exposure.
Personal socio‐cultural preferences modulate neural correlates of decisions to socialize with powerful persons
Authors: Chien Jui‐Hong , Hung I‐Tzu , Goh Joshua Oon Soo , Kuo Li‐Wei , Chang Wei‐Wen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSocial power differences fundamentally shape the behavioral interaction dynamics of groups and societies. While it has long been recognized that individual socio‐cultural preferences mitigate social interactions involving persons of power, there is limited empirical data on the underlying neural correlates. To bridge this gap, we asked university student participants to decide whether they were willing to engage in social activities involving their teachers (higher power status), classmates (equal power status), or themselves (control) while functional brain images were acquired. Questionnaires assessed participants' preferences for power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and cultural intelligence. As expected, participants generally accepted more social interactions with classmates than teachers. Also, left inferior frontal activity was higher when accepting than when rejecting social interactions with teachers. Critically, power distance preferences further modulated right lateral frontoparietal activity contrasting approach relative to avoidance decisions towards teachers. In addition, uncertainty avoidance modulated activity in medial frontal, precuneus, and left supramarginal areas distinguishing approach decisions towards teachers relative to classmates. Cultural intelligence modulated neural responses to classmate approach/avoidance decisions in anterior cingulate and left parietal areas. Overall, functional activities in distinct brain networks reflected different personal socio‐cultural preferences despite observed social decisions to interact with others of differential power status. Such findings highlight that social approach or avoidance behaviors towards powerful persons involves differential subjective neural processes possibly involved in computing implicit social utility.
Sulci 3D mapping from human cranial endocasts: A powerful tool to study hominin brain evolution
Authors: de Jager Edwin John , Risser Laurent , Mescam Muriel , Fonta Caroline , Beaudet Amélie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractKey questions in paleoneurology concern the timing and emergence of derived cerebral features within the human lineage. Endocasts are replicas of the internal table of the bony braincase that are widely used in paleoneurology as a proxy for reconstructing a timeline for hominin brain evolution in the fossil record. The accurate identification of cerebral sulci imprints in endocasts is critical for assessing the topographic extension and structural organisation of cortical regions in fossil hominins. High‐resolution imaging techniques combined with established methods based on population‐specific brain atlases offer new opportunities for tracking detailed endocranial characteristics. This study provides the first documentation of sulcal pattern imprints from the superolateral surface of the cerebrum using a population‐based atlas technique on extant human endocasts. Human crania from the Pretoria Bone Collection (South Africa) were scanned using micro‐CT. Endocasts were virtually extracted, and sulci were automatically detected and manually labelled. A density map method was applied to project all the labels onto an averaged endocast to visualise the mean distribution of each identified sulcal imprint. This method allowed for the visualisation of inter‐individual variation of sulcal imprints, for example, frontal lobe sulci, correlating with previous brain‐MRI studies and for the first time the extensive overlapping of imprints in historically debated areas of the endocast (e.g. occipital lobe). In providing an innovative, non‐invasive, observer‐independent method to investigate human endocranial structural organisation, our analytical protocol introduces a promising perspective for future research in paleoneurology and for discussing critical hypotheses on the evolution of cognitive abilities among hominins.