bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the impact of spray drying conditions on some Maillard reaction indicators in nano‐filtered whey
Authors: Gómez‐Narváez Fáver , Díaz‐Osorio Alejandra , Gómez‐Narváez Santiago , Simpson Ricardo , Contreras‐Calderón José 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to develop a mathematical model to predict the loss of available lysine and the formation of Maillard reaction (MR) compounds in sweet whey during spray drying process. The heat damage and other spray drying process‐related variables were estimated with the compartment model coupled to the drying kinetics of droplets. The model was adequate to determine the outlet temperature of air and the final moisture content of the product. The model predicted available lysine losses like those found experimentally. However, the model predicted a higher furosine concentration than that found experimentally. The browning index exhibited no significant increase for experimental and calculated results during the spray drying, possibly because the MR did not reach the final stages. The model showed to be comparable to those reported in the literature, with the advantages of being computationally less time‐consuming and providing confidence intervals for the response variables.Practical applicationsThis work presents the integration of several mathematical models to predict the loss of available lysine and the formation of some heat damage indicators during the spray drying of whey. The model contributes to the understanding of relevant variables—such as residence time distribution, global heat transfer coefficient of the dryer, thermal properties of the drying media, glass transition temperature, drying kinetics, drying air inlet, and outlet temperature among others—on the loss of food quality regarding the thermal process. This information could help the decision‐making process that can lead to the optimization of spray drying to obtain food with minimal thermal damage and therefore the maximum amount of available nutrient content.
Synchondrosis fusion contributes to the progression of postnatal craniofacial dysmorphology in syndromic craniosynostosis
Authors: Hoshino Yukiko , Takechi Masaki , Moazen Mehran , Steacy Miranda , Koyabu Daisuke , Furutera Toshiko , Ninomiya Youichirou , Nuri Takashi , Pauws Erwin , Iseki Sachiko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSyndromic craniosynostosis (CS) patients exhibit early, bony fusion of calvarial sutures and cranial synchondroses, resulting in craniofacial dysmorphology. In this study, we chronologically evaluated skull morphology change after abnormal fusion of the sutures and synchondroses in mouse models of syndromic CS for further understanding of the disease. We found fusion of the inter‐sphenoid synchondrosis (ISS) in Apert syndrome model mice (Fgfr2S252W/+) around 3 weeks old as seen in Crouzon syndrome model mice (Fgfr2cC342Y/+). We then examined ontogenic trajectories of CS mouse models after 3 weeks of age using geometric morphometrics analyses. Antero‐ventral growth of the face was affected in Fgfr2S252W/+ and Fgfr2cC342Y/+ mice, while Saethre–Chotzen syndrome model mice (Twist1+/−) did not show the ISS fusion and exhibited a similar growth pattern to that of control littermates. Further analysis revealed that the coronal suture synostosis in the CS mouse models induces only the brachycephalic phenotype as a shared morphological feature. Although previous studies suggest that the fusion of the facial sutures during neonatal period is associated with midface hypoplasia, the present study suggests that the progressive postnatal fusion of the cranial synchondrosis also contributes to craniofacial dysmorphology in mouse models of syndromic CS. These morphological trajectories increase our understanding of the progression of syndromic CS skull growth.
Evaluation of plasma zonulin level and its relationship with inflammatory cytokines in patients with vitiligo
Authors: Arslan Selami , Altunisik Nihal , Turkmen Dursun , Uremis Muhammed M. , Sener Serpil , Turkoz Yusuf 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt has been proven that there is an increase in intestinal permeability in some autoimmune diseases. In our study, we purposed to assess intestinal permeability in vitiligo disease by looking at zonulin levels. At the same time, we aimed to examine the correlation of inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels with zonulin.MethodsForty‐one patients and 41 healthy participants were involved in our study. Blood samples were taken from all patients and controls, and the levels of zonulin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6 and LPS were examined.ResultsThe mean of zonulin in the patient group was found to be statistically higher than the control group (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between zonulin level and IL‐6, TNF‐α, and LPS levels (p < 0.05). TNF‐α and LPS levels in the vitiligo group were significantly higher than in the control group, but there was no such significance in terms of IL‐6 levels.ConclusionWe think that serum zonulin level increases and intestinal permeability increases in vitiligo disease.
Associations between social network characteristics and sexual minority disclosure concern among Black men who have sex with men living with and without HIV
Authors: Eschliman Evan L. , Poku Ohemaa B. , Winiker Abigail K. , Latkin Carl A. , Tobin Karin E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn addition to the pervasive anti‐Black racism faced by Black people in the United States, Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) face sexual minority stigma and, among BMSM living with HIV, HIV‐related stigma. These multilevel social forces shape social networks, which are important sources of resources, support, and behavior regulation. This study quantitatively examined the relationship between social network characteristics and sexual minority stigma (e.g., homophobia, biphobia), assessed by reported concerns around disclosing one's sexual minority status, among BMSM in Baltimore, Maryland in 2014 (N = 336). A majority of participants (63.7%) reported experiencing medium or high levels of sexual minority disclosure concern. In a multiple linear regression model, participants with higher sexual minority disclosure concerns reported lower network density and fewer good friends who are gay or bisexual men. Stratifying the same multiple linear regression model by HIV status supports the importance of an intersectional understanding of sexual minority and HIV‐related stigma. These findings can help health‐related programs address the complex relationships between sexual minority stigma, social networks, and HIV status within this multiply‐marginalized and high‐priority population.
LINC01608 activated by YY1 facilitate hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating the EGFR/ERK axis
Authors: Han Mengzhen , Liu Furong , Li Xinxin , Zhang Hongwei , Pan Yonglong , Liu Yachong , Zhu He , Liang Huifang , Chen Xiaoping , Liao Zhibin , Zhang Zhanguo , Zhang Bixiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been demonstrated to associate with a variety of cancers. However, the mechanisms of LncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression are still not fully clarified.MethodsLINC01608 expression level in HCC and adjacent normal tissues was detected by real‐time‐quantitively PCR (RT‐qPCR) in clinical samples and in situ hybridization (ISH) in tissue microarray. Several functional assays were performed to determine the biological effects of LINC01608 in HCC cells in vitro, while subcutaneous xenograft models and lung metastasis models in nude mice and immunohistochemistry (IHC) results showed the role of LINC01608 in HCC progression in vivo. The combination of LINC01608 with miR‐875‐5p and target genes was elucidated by dual‐luciferase report assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays. Finally, bioinformatics analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) were performed to investigate the mechanism of Yin Yang‐1 (YY1) regulating LINC01608 transcription.ResultsLINC01608 was overexpressed in HCC tissues, and high LINC01608 expression predicted poor overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) in HCC patients. LINC01608 could promote HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that LINC01608 could sponge to miR‐875‐5p and activate the EGFR/ERK pathway. Moreover, we identified transcriptional factor YY1 could bind to the promoter of LINC01608 and induce its transcription.ConclusionLINC01608 could serve as a promising prognostic biomarker of HCC. YY1‐activated LINC01608 could promote HCC progression by associating with miR‐875‐5p to induce the EGFR/ERK signalling pathway. This discovery might provide therapeutic strategies for HCC.
Lentiviral overexpression of VEGFC in transplanted MSCs leads to resolution of swelling in a mouse tail lymphedema model
Authors: Michalaki Eleftheria , Rudd Josephine M. , Liebman Lauren , Wadhwani Rahul , Wood Levi B. , Willett Nick J. , Dixon J. Brandon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDysfunction of the lymphatic system following injury, disease, or cancer treatment can lead to lymphedema, a debilitating condition with no cure. Despite the various physical therapy and surgical options available, most treatments are palliative and fail to address the underlying lymphatic vascular insufficiency driving lymphedema progression. Stem cell therapy provides a promising alternative in the treatment of various chronic diseases with a wide range of therapeutic effects that reduce inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress, while promoting lymphatic vessel (LV) regeneration. Specifically, stem cell transplantation is suggested to promote LV restoration, rebuild lymphatic circulation, and thus potentially be utilized towards an effective lymphedema treatment. In addition to stem cells, studies have proposed the administration of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) to promote lymphangiogenesis and decrease swelling in lymphedema.AimsHere, we seek to combine the benefits of stem cell therapy, which provides a cellular therapeutic approach that can respond to the tissue environment, and VEGFC administration to restore lymphatic drainage.Materials & MethodsSpecifically, we engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to overexpress VEGFC using a lentiviral vector (hVEGFC MSC) and investigated their therapeutic efficacy in improving LV function and tissue swelling using near infrared (NIR) imaging, and lymphatic regeneration in a single LV ligation mouse tail lymphedema model.ResultsFirst, we showed that overexpression of VEGFC using lentiviral transduction led to an increase in VEGFC protein synthesis in vitro. Then, we demonstrated hVEGFC MSC administration post‐injury significantly increased the lymphatic contraction frequency 14‐, 21‐, and 28‐days post‐surgery compared to the control animals (MSC administration) in vivo, while also reducing tail swelling 28‐days post‐surgery compared to controls.ConclusionOur results suggest a therapeutic potential of hVEGFC MSC in alleviating the lymphatic dysfunction observed during lymphedema progression after secondary injury and could provide a promising approach to enhancing autologous cell therapy for treating lymphedema.
Undergraduate paramedicine students' experiences of feedback during clinical placement on‐road: A scoping review
Authors: Carroll Amy G. , Peddle Monica R. , Malik Gulzar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFeedback on performance enhances student confidence and clinical skills and promotes safe clinical practice. Experiences of feedback are well documented across many health disciplines; however, less is known about paramedicine students' experiences of feedback on‐road in an emergency ambulance. The aim of this scoping review was to identify what is known about paramedicine students' experiences of feedback during clinical placement on‐road in an emergency ambulance. A review of studies between 2000 and 2021 was undertaken, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews. Databases included CINAHL, EMBASE, EBSCO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, ERIC (ProQuest), ProQuest (Nursing and Allied Health), Trove, and Open Accessd Theses and Dissertations. Three studies were identified. Feedback is valued by paramedicine students; however, it can be personal and destructive in nature. Paramedics are enthusiastic and supportive and provide clear feedback. Paramedics face challenges supervising students and may lack preparation to provide feedback. There is limited evidence on paramedicine students’ experiences of feedback during clinical placement. Further exploration is needed to gain further understanding.
Tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca) cuticular wax composition is essential for leaf retention during drought, facilitating a speedy recovery following rewatering
Authors: Negin Boaz , Hen‐Avivi Shelly , Almekias‐Siegl Efrat , Shachar Lior , Jander Georg , Aharoni Asaph 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Despite decades of extensive study, the role of cuticular lipids in sustaining plant fitness is far from being understood. We utilized genome‐edited tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca) to investigate the significance of different classes of epicuticular wax in abiotic stress such as cuticular water loss, drought, and light response.
We generated mutants displaying a range of wax compositions. Four wax mutants and one cutin mutant were extensively investigated for alterations in their response to abiotic factors.
Although the mutations led to elevated cuticular water loss, the wax mutants did not display elevated transpiration or reduced growth under nonstressed conditions. However, under drought, plants lacking alkanes were unable to reduce their transpiration, leading to leaf death, impaired recovery, and stem cracking. By contrast, plants deficient in fatty alcohols exhibited elevated drought tolerance, which was part of a larger trend of plant phenotypes not clustering by a glossy/glaucous appearance in the parameters examined in this study.
We conclude that although alkanes have little effect on whole N. glauca transpiration and biomass gain under normal, nonstressed conditions, they are essential during drought responses, since they enable plants to seal their cuticle upon stomatal closure, thereby reducing leaf death and facilitating a speedy recovery.
Translational models of addiction phenotypes to advance addiction pharmacotherapy
Authors: Ray Lara A. , Nieto Steven J. , Grodin Erica N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlcohol and substance use disorders are heterogeneous conditions with limited effective treatment options. While there have been prior attempts to classify addiction subtypes, they have not been translated into clinical practice. In an effort to better understand heterogeneity in psychiatric disorders, the National Institute for Mental Health Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) has challenged scientists to think beyond diagnostic symptoms and to consider the underlying features of psychopathology from a neuroscience‐based framework. The field of addiction has grappled with this approach by considering several key constructs with the potential to capture RDoC domains. This critical review will focus on the efforts to apply translational models of addiction phenomenology in human clinical samples, including their relative strengths and weaknesses. Opportunities for forward and reverse translation are also discussed. Deep behavioral phenotyping using neuroscience‐informed batteries shows promise for a better understanding of the clinical neuroscience of addiction and advancing precision medicine for alcohol and substance use disorders.
A lower prevalence of malignant lymphoma in Sjögren's syndrome patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Saleh Wafaa , Elashry Mohamed M. , Winn Nicole , Mona Mahmoud , Katz Joseph , Cha Seunghee 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with lymphoma in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study on pSS patients who were registered into the Integrated Data Repository (IDR) at the University of Florida (UF) Health Shands Hospital. The parameters, such as age, sex, race, and smoking status, were included. Lymphoma types in pSS were categorized. The clinical and laboratory features were compared between pSS patients with and those without lymphoma by utilizing the items in the EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI).ResultsAmong 1,211,343 patients, we found 6799 patients (0.56%) with lymphomas and 2562 patients (0.21%) with pSS. Out of the 2562 pSS patients, 67 patients (2.6%) were diagnosed with lymphoma. The difference in the clinical and laboratory features listed under the ESSDAI domains between pSS patients with lymphomas and pSS without it was significant (p < 0.05 or 0.01): fever, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, lacrimal gland diseases, cough, shortness of breath, hematuria, cerebrovascular accident diseases, peripheral nerve involvement due to vasculitis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.ConclusionWe report 2.6% of lymphoma prevalence in pSS, lower than previously reported in the literature.
Does telehealth influence the decision to transfer residents of residential aged care facilities to emergency departments? A scoping review
Authors: Sunner Carla , Giles Michelle Therese , Kable Ashley , Foureur Maralyn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmergency Departments (ED) can be crowded places and not ideal environments for Residential Aged Care Facilities (RACF) residents awaiting assessment. Assessment and care planning may be made available via telehealth thereby avoiding unnecessary transfer to ED, without compromising the quality of care for the older person. Telehealth is attractive addition to improving healthcare decision‐making in RACFs.ObjectivesThe aim of this scoping review is to explore the evidence around the use of telehealth and whether it influences the decision to transfer residents of RACF to ED.MethodsAll peer reviewed literature that focused on RACFs, decision‐making and assessment of residents using telehealth in real time, was included. All study designs, pilot studies and some systematic reviews were considered. Databases Medline, Embase and CINAHL were used in this search in June 2022. Search terms were a combination of the population: RACF residents, decision‐making and assessments using telehealth, and or transfer to the ED. The search was assisted by a senior university research academic librarian/information specialist and reviewed by senior researchers. The PRISMA‐ScR guidelines were used to report this study.ResultsOf the 124 articles initially identified, 31 were eligible for inclusion for synthesis. The date range of the included studies was 2001 to 2022, with 15 published in the last five years. Critical appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.ConclusionThis scoping review has mapped evidence that telehealth has been widely used in multiple settings. The association between the use of telehealth with improved clinical outcomes highlights its potential utility in enhancing care delivery for an older population in RACFs. Telehealth has shown that it can improve the decision‐making for residents in RACFS, but more robust research designs are needed.Implications for practiceUsing video/telehealth appears to improve RACF staff access to expert clinicians who can then assess and jointly plan care/management that can be provided in the resident's home. Knowledge and skills of RACF staff appear to be improved through joint assessment and decision‐making with the use of video/telehealth access to expert clinicians.
Which Predictor, SctO2 or SstO2, Is more Sensitive for Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Spine Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study?
Authors: Guo Fei , Jia Shuaiying , Wang Qiyan , Liu Qinyu , Hu Mingquan , Wang Wenzhang , Liu Shijian , Li Qiang , Lu Bin , Zheng Yeying 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivePatients undergoing spinal surgery in the prone position may experience venous stasis, often resulting in edema in dependent areas of the body, including the head, and increased postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Not only does POCD present challenges for post‐operative care and recovery, it can also cause permanent damage to the patient's brain and increase mortality and social costs. We aimed to clarify the incidence of POCD in patients with hypertension after prone spine surgery and to further determine the association between intraoperative somatic tissue oxygen saturation (SstO2)/cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2) and POCD.MethodsPatients with hypertension scheduled for open prone spine surgery from January 2020 to April 2021 were included in this single‐center, prospective, observational study. SctO2 and SstO2 were monitored by near‐infrared spectroscopy continuously throughout the surgery. The primary outcome was POCD assessed using the Mini‐Mental Status Examination (MMSE). The association of SstO2 and SctO2 with POCD was evaluated with unadjusted analyses and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOne hundred and one of 112 identified patients were included, 28 (27.8%) of whom developed POCD. None of the investigated SctO2 indices were predictive of POCD. However, the patients with POCD had greater decreases in intraoperative absolute SstO2 and relative SstO2 than the patients without POCD (P = 0.037, P = 0.036). Moreover, three SstO2 indices were associated with POCD, including a greater absolute SstO2 decrease (P = 0.021), a greater relative SstO2 decrease (P = 0.032), and a drop below 90% of the baseline SstO2 (P = 0.002), independent of ASA III status, preoperative platelets and postoperative sepsis. In addition, there was no correlation between intraoperative SctO2 and intraoperative SstO2 or between their respective absolute declines.ConclusionTwenty‐eight (27.7%) of 101 patients developed POCD in patients with hypertension undergoing prone spine surgery, and intraoperative SstO2 is associated with POCD, whereas SctO2 shows no association with POCD. This study may initially provide a valuable new approach to the prevention of POCD in this population.
The effect of empagliflozin on index of cardio‐electrophysiological balance in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: İnci Ümit , Güzel Tuncay 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmpagliflozin is a new antidiabetic drug with positive effects on glucose regulation and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The effect of empagliflozin on arrhythmias has not been adequately studied. The index of cardio‐electrophysiological balance (iCEB) is a popular marker used to predict ventricular arrhythmias. Therefore, in our study, we aimed to examine the effect of empagliflozin on iCEB and iCEBc in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without heart failure (HF).MethodsA total of 70 patients were included in the study prospectively. Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluations of all patients were reviewed at baseline and the end of the third month.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 57 (43–68 IQR), and 30 (42.9%) were male. Tp‐e (100 [88–120] vs. 94 [82–105], p = .01), Tp‐e/QT (0.27 [0.25–0.33] vs. 0.25 [0.23–0.30], p = .001) were significantly shorter after treatment. iCEB (4.24 [3.8–4.5] vs. 3.92 [3.79–4.42], p = .009) and iCEBc (4.78 [4.25–4.92] vs. 4.48 [4.0–4.71], p = .001) values decreased significantly after treatment compared to baseline.ConclusionsTp‐e, Tp‐e/QT, iCEB, and iCEBc values decreased within physiological limits in patients with T2DM without HF. This result may be associated with a reduced risk of potential ventricular arrhythmias.