bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannabidiol, ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol, and metabolites in human blood by volumetric absorptive microsampling and LC-MS/MS following controlled administration in epilepsy patients
Authors: Pigliasco Federica , Malaca Sara , Lo Faro Alfredo Fabrizio , Tini Anastasio , Cangemi Giuliana , Cafaro Alessia , Barco Sebastiano , Riva Antonella , Pisati Angelica , Amadori Elisabetta , Striano Pasquale , Tagliabracci Adriano , Huestis Marilyn Ann , Busardò Francesco Paolo 
Published: October 2022

Cannabidiol (CBD) exhibits anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antiseizure, and neuroprotective proprieties without addictive or psychotropic side effects, as opposed to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). While recreational cannabis contains higher THC and lower CBD concentrations, medical cannabis contains THC and CBD in different ratios, along with minor phytocannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids and other chemicals. A volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) method combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in tandem for quantification of CBD, THC and their respective metabolites: cannabidiol-7-oic acid (7-COOH-CBD); 7-hydroxy-cannabidiol (7-OH-CBD); 6-alpha-hydroxy-cannabidiol (6-α-OH-CBD); and 6-beta-hydroxycannabidiol (6-β-OH-CBD); 11- Hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC) and 11-Nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH). After overnight enzymatic glucuronide hydrolysis at 37°C, samples underwent acidic along with basic liquid-liquid extraction with hexane: ethyl acetate (9:1, v/v). Chromatographic separation was carried out on a C18 column, with the mass spectrometer operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode and negative electrospray ionization. Seven patients with intractable epilepsy were dosed with various CBD-containing formulations and blood collected just before their daily morning administration. The method was validated following international guidelines in toxicology. Linear ranges were (ng/ml) 0.5–25 THC, 11-OH-THC, THCCOOH, 6-α-OH-CBD and 6-β-OH-CBD; 10–500 CBD and 7-OH-CBD; and 20–5000 7-COOH-CBD. 7-COOH-CBD was present in the highest concentrations, followed by 7-OH-CBD and CBD. This analytical method is useful for investigating CBD, THC and their major metabolites in epilepsy patients treated with CBD preparations employing a minimally invasive microsampling technique requiring only 30 µL blood.
Satellite laser ranging at ultra-high PRF of hundreds of kilohertz all day
Authors: Long Mingliang , Zhang Haifeng , Yu Rong Zong , Wu Zhibo , Qin Si , Zhang Zhongping 
Published: October 2022

Satellite laser ranging (SLR) had been operated at a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) from ∼10 Hz to 10 kHz; the ultra-high PRF of SLR (UH-SLR) is a trend of development. In this study, an alternate working mode of laser firing and gated pulse bursts is proposed to solve the problem of laser echo interference by laser backscattering. Through an ultra-high PRF of 200-kHz picosecond green laser with single-pulse energy of 80 μJ and a pulse width of 10 ps and a ranging gate device, UH-SLR has been built by an aperture of the 60-cm SLR system in the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory. By this UH-SLR, low-orbit to high-orbit and geostationary orbit satellites are measured night and day and also for low-orbit and medium-orbit satellites in the daytime. The normal point (NP) accuracy is ∼30 μm for low-orbit satellites and ∼100 μm for high-orbit satellites, which provides an effective method for the development of ultra-high PRF and high-precision space target laser ranging.
The tobacco chloroplast YCF4 gene is essential for transcriptional gene regulation and plants photoautotrophic growth
Authors: Khan Muhammad Sarwar , Riaz Rimsha , Majid Muhammad , Mehmood Kashif , Mustafa Ghulam , Joyia Faiz Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

A tobacco chloroplast hypothetical open reading frame 4 (YCF4) has been reported as a non-essential assembly factor for photosynthesis based on an incomplete knockout of YCF4, just 93 of 184 amino acids from the N-terminus were knocked out. On the other hand, we removed the complete sequence of YCF4 from tobacco chloroplasts and observed that ΔYCF4 plants were unable to survive photoautotrophically as their growth was hampered in the absence of an external carbon supply, clearly showing that the YCF4 is essential for photosynthesis. Initially, the aadA gene was introduced into the tobacco plastome replacing the complete YCF4 gene through homologous recombination events. The replacement of YCF4 with aadA was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis in ΔYCF4 plants. Homoplasmic ΔYCF4 plants had a light green phenotype, and the leaves became pale yellow as the plants grew older. The structure of chloroplasts of ΔYCF4 mutants of light green phenotype was studied using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the micrographs demonstrated structural anomalies in the chloroplasts; including shape, size, and grana stacking compared to the wild-type plants. Further, transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of PSI, PSII, and ribosomal genes remained unchanged in ∆YCF4 plants. On the other hand, transcriptome levels of rbcL (Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit), LHC (Light-Harvesting Complex), and ATP Synthase (atpB and atpL) decreased, indicating that the YCF4 has the function(s) in addition to assembling the photosynthetic complex. This was confirmed by in-silico protein-protein interactions of full-length YCF4 as well as 93 and 91 of 184 amino acids from N- and C-termini of the full-length protein, which revealed that the C-terminus (91 aa) of YCF4 is important in interacting with other chloroplast proteins. These findings provide genetic support for the plastid YCF4 gene’s critical role in regulating the plastid gene expression and assembling the photosynthetic complex.
Development of an inclusive 580K SNP array and its application for genomic selection and genome-wide association studies in rice
Authors: Kim Kyu-Won , Nawade Bhagwat , Nam Jungrye , Chu Sang-Ho , Ha Jungmin , Park Yong-Jin 
Published: October 2022

Rice is a globally cultivated crop and is primarily a staple food source for more than half of the world’s population. Various single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays have been developed and utilized as standard genotyping methods for rice breeding research. Considering the importance of SNP arrays with more inclusive genetic information for GWAS and genomic selection, we integrated SNPs from eight different data resources: resequencing data from the Korean World Rice Collection (KRICE) of 475 accessions, 3,000 rice genome project (3 K-RGP) data, 700 K high-density rice array, Affymetrix 44 K SNP array, QTARO, Reactome, and plastid and GMO information. The collected SNPs were filtered and selected based on the breeder’s interest, covering all key traits or research areas to develop an integrated array system representing inclusive genomic polymorphisms. A total of 581,006 high-quality SNPs were synthesized with an average distance of 200 bp between adjacent SNPs, generating a 580 K Axiom Rice Genotyping Chip (580 K _ KNU chip). Further validation of this array on 4,720 genotypes revealed robust and highly efficient genotyping. This has also been demonstrated in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS) of three traits: clum length, heading date, and panicle length. Several SNPs significantly associated with cut-off, −log10p-value &gt;7.0, were detected in GWAS, and the GS predictabilities for the three traits were more than 0.5, in both rrBLUP and convolutional neural network (CNN) models. The Axiom 580 K Genotyping array will provide a cost-effective genotyping platform and accelerate rice GWAS and GS studies.
Transcriptomic responses of Saccharum spontaneum roots in response to polyethylene glycol – 6000 stimulated drought stress
Authors: Wu Kai-Chao , Huang Cheng-Mei , Verma Krishan K. , Deng Zhi-Nian , Huang Hai-Rong , Pang Tian , Cao Hui-Qing , Luo Hai-Bin , Jiang Sheng-Li , Xu Lin 
Published: October 2022

Drought is the abiotic factor that adversely affects plant growth, development survival, and crop productivity, posing a substantial threat to sustainable agriculture worldwide, especially in warm and dry areas. However, the extent of damage depends upon the crop growth stage, severity and frequency of the stress. In general, the reproductive growth phase is more sensitive to stresses causing a substantial loss in crop productivity. Saccharum spontaneum (L.) is the most variable wild relative of sugarcane with potential for use in sugarcane crop improvement programs. In the present study addresses the transcriptomic analysis of drought stress imposed by polyethylene glycol-6000 (PED-6000; w/v- 25%) on the root tip tissues of S. spontaneum GX83-10. The analysis of microarrays of drought-stressed roots was performed at 0 (CK), 2 (T2), 4 (T4), 8 (T8) and 24 h (T24). The analyzed data were compared with the gene function annotations of four major databases, such as Nr, KOG/COG, Swiss-Prot, and KEGG, and a total of 62,988 single-gene information was obtained. The differently expressed genes of 56237 (T4), 59319 (T8), and 58583 (T24), among which CK obtained the most significant number of expressed genes (35920) as compared to T24, with a total of 53683 trend genes. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis were performed on the 6 important trends, and a total of 598 significant GO IDs and 42 significantly enriched metabolic pathways. Furthermore, these findings also aid in the selection of novel genes and promoters that can be used to potentially produce crop plants with enhanced stress resistance efficiency for sustainable agriculture.
Comparison of three nutritional screening tools for detecting sarcopenia in patients with maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Han Peipei , Zhu Xiaoyan , Song Peiyu , Zhao Yinjiao , Zhang Hui , Yu Chen , Niu Jianying , Ding Wei , Zhao Junli , Zhang Liming , Qi Hualin , Zhang Suhua , Guo Qi 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundMalnutrition, dynapenia, and sarcopenia are prevalent conditions among patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). They are related to numerous adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three nutritional screening tools on predicting the risk of dynapenia and sarcopenia in patients with MHD.MethodsFrom July 2020 to April 2021, a total of 849 patients with MHD were enrolled at seven different healthcare facilities in Shanghai, China in this multi-center cross-sectional study. Geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), malnutrition inflammation score (MIS), and creatinine (Cr) index were used for nutritional assessment. The cutoff values of muscle mass and strength to define dynapenia, pre-sarcopenia, and sarcopenia were based on the consensus by the Asia Working Group of Sarcopenia in 2019.ResultsAmong 849, almost 60% were malnourished with the majority suffering from dynapenia (27.7%), followed by sarcopenia (22.7%), and pre-sarcopenia (6.2%).The area under the receiver–operating characteristic curve for GNRI was 0.722 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.684–0.760] and 0.723 (95% CI = 0.663–0.783) in predicting sarcopenia and pre-sarcopenia. The GNRI [odds ratio (OR) =6.28, 95% CI: 4.05–9.73], MIS (OR =1.91, 95% CI: 1.31–2.78), and the Cr index (OR =2.73, 95% CI: 1.71–4.34) were all significantly associated with the risk of sarcopenia. More importantly, the sarcopenia predictability of the GNRI appears greater than the MIS and Cr index, while MIS was similar to the Cr index. Similarly, the superiority of GNRI prediction was also found in pre-sarcopenia, but not in dynapenia.ConclusionAll the three nutritional screening tools were significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia. The sarcopenia predictability of the GNRI was greater than the MIS and Cr index.
Circumferential full-thickness skin grafting: An excellent method for the treatment of short penile skin in adult men
Authors: Che Kexin , Wang Keke , Yuan Ye , Li Fengyong , Li Qiang 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveShort penile skin due to excessive circumcision is a complex condition requiring surgical care. The study aims to investigate the effect of full-thickness skin grafting (FTSG) in treating short penile skin.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 24 patients with insufficient penile skin. The included patients underwent full-thickness skin grafting from the scrotum and the groin region in the Genital Plastic Surgery Center between February 2014 and September 2021. Morphology of the penis, length of the penis, complication, and donor area healing status was observed by the authors. Additionally, the International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire (IIEF-5) and the patient's evaluation of penile appearance were investigated.ResultsAn aesthetically pleasing appearance of the penis was obtained by FTSG in 24 patients. The length of penis was improved after surgery (5.70 cm ± 1.24 cm vs. 6.05 cm ± 1.33 cm, P value &lt; 0.05). All patients had good healing of the penile area without serious complications. Only 2 cases showed minor partial necrosis and recovered soon after proper treatment. A high patient's evaluation of penile appearance was received (4.08 ± 0.71, mean ± SD) and the scores of IIEF-5 increased significantly after surgery (18.38 ± 2.24 vs. 21.08 ± 1.79, P-value &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsFTSG from the scrotum and inguinal skin provides good aesthetic and functional results for treating short penile skin. FTSG, particularly the scrotum-derived skin graft, offers a great supplement to penile skin. It could be suggested as a promising method of treating insufficient penile skin, which meets both functional and aesthetic needs.
The Introduction of Two New Species of Aquatic Fungi from Anzali Lagoon, Northern Iran
Authors: Masigol Hossein , Rezakhani Forough , Pourmoghaddam Mohammad Javad , Khodaparast Seyed Akbar , Grossart Hans-Peter 
Published: October 2022

During a survey of aquatic fungi from Anzali Lagoon in Iran, several fungal specimens were isolated from freshwater habitats. Morphological evidence and comparing sequencing based on rDNA (ITS and LSU) and protein-coding genes (TEF1 and TUB2) showed that some isolates belong to undescribed fungal species. These isolates belong to Arthrobotrys and Sarocladium, two ascomycetes genera. Arthrobotrys hyrcanus, sp. nov., differs from closely related species such as A. dianchiensis by its larger conidia and septation of primary conidia. Sarocladium pseudokiliense, sp. nov., was similar to S. kiliense, but distinguished by its conidial shape and the absence of adelophialides and chlamydospores. Morphological descriptions, illustrations and multilocus phylogenetic analysis for both new species are provided.
Computational Study of Magnetic Particle Motion inside the Nasal Cavity under the Impact of an External Magnetic Field for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Pradakis Nikolaos , Maniotis Nikolaos , Samaras Theodoros 
Published: October 2022

The blood–brain barrier is a highly selective semipermeable border that separates blood circulation from the brain and hinders the accumulation of substances in the central nervous system. Hence, a treatment plan aiming to combat neurodegenerative diseases may be restricted. The exploitation of the nose–brain pathway could be a promising bypass method. However, pharmaceutical uptake through the olfactory epithelium is insignificant in terms of treatment, if relying only on fluid dynamic interactions. The main reasons for this are the highly complicated geometry of the nose and the residence time of the substance. The issue can be tackled by using magnetic particles as drug carriers. With the application of an external magnetic field, further control of the particle motion can be achieved, leading to increased uptake. The present work studies this approach computationally by employing magnetite particles with a radius of 7.5 μm while a magnetic field is applied with a permanent neodymium-iron-boron magnet of 9.5×105 A/m magnetization. Through this investigation, the best drug delivery protocol achieved a 2% delivery efficiency. The most significant advantage of this protocol is its straightforward design, which does not require complex equipment, thus rendering the protocol portable and manageable for frequent dosing or at-home administration.
Study of the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) gene haplotype 46/1 association with driver mutations of chronic Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Olkhovskiy I. А. , Stolyar M. A. , Komarovskiy Yu. Yu. , Gorbenko A. S. , Korchagin V. I. , Dunaeva E. A. , Mironov K. O. , Bakhtina V. I. , Olkhovik T. I. , Vasiliev E. V. , Mikhalev M. A. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Haplotype JAK2 46/1 is associated with more frequent development of Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and with an increased detection rate of the JAK2 V617F mutation. At the same time, the molecular mechanisms of such associations remain unclear. Previously, there were no studies of regional, age and gender aspects of the predictive value of carriage of the 46/1 JAK2 haplotype, which could assess this relationship in some observations.Aim — to analyze the degree of association between 46/1 haplotype and the V617F mutation of the JAK2 gene depending on the sex, age, and place of residence of patients examined for suspected MPN.Methods. The study included 949 DNA samples from patients with suspected MPN. Samples of 150 volunteers and blood donors were included in the control group. Haplotype 46/1 (rs10974944), V617F mutation in the JAK2 gene, mutations in the CALR gene (type 1: c.1092_1143del; L367fs*46, COSV57116546; type 2: c.1154_1155insTTGTC; K385fs*47, COSV57116551) and in the MPL gene (W515K, W515L) were determined for all samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RT).Results. The 46/1 JAK2 haplotype were shown to be associated with a clinically signiﬁcant level (> 2 %) of the allelic burden of the JAK2 V617F mutation. The odds ratio of the risk of developing a V617F positive MPN when carrying this haplotype variant did not depend on the main place of residence of the patients and was found to be most pronounced in men under 50 years of age. The odds ratio of the risk did not depend on the age of the examined women.Conclusion. The association of 46/1 haplotype with the presence of other drivers of MPN mutations in the CALR or MPL genes was also statistically signiﬁcant, which conﬁrms the hypothesis of “favorable soil” rather than “hypermutability” of the JAK2 gene.
Characteristics and trends in the work of the Blood Service of the Russian Federation in 2016–2020
Authors: Gaponova T. V. , Kapranov N. M. , Tikhomirov D. S. , Bulgakov A. V. , Odinochenko Yu. A. , Shaydurova K. V. , Demidov V. P. , Tupoleva T. A. , Parovichnikova E. N. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Ensuring a sustainable supply of safe donor blood is crucial for strategic issues and challenges. The evaluation of donor characteristics as well as the volume of components harvested and issued to medical organizations in the Russian Federation is a topical task for the national blood service.Aim — to analyze the performance indicators of the national blood service for the procurement and provision of donated blood and its components to medical organizations from 2016–2020.Methods. Data on over 6.5 million donors who donated blood in Russia during 2016–2020 were analyzed. Data were obtained from Blood Service report form No. 39 “Blood products and derivatives”. Descriptive statistics were used during analysis.Results. A decrease of the number of blood donors per thousand population was shown (from 9.68 to 8.26, р < 0.0001). There was a decrease of the number of ﬁrst-time donors and of the number of repeat donors (by 23 and 9.3 %, respectively) within studied period. Regular donor quantum increased from 71 to 76 %. The share of volunteer blood donors from 2016 to 2020 throughout the Russian Federation remained stable and amounted to 97.7–98.0 %. The total number of donations decreased by 6.0 % due to a signiﬁcant decrease in the number of donations of automatic apheresis plasma (from 507,396 in 2016 to 388,742 in 2020, p < 0.001), at the same time, a signiﬁcant increase in the number of donations platelets was noted (from 83,285 donations in 2016 to 126,574 in 2020, p < 0.001). During the follow-up period, there was an increase from 2.0 in 2016 to 2.21 in 2020 (10 %) in the average number of donations of blood components made by donors per year. Despite the decrease in the total number of donations in the analyzed period, the volume of blood components transferred for clinical use increased. The largest increase in blood components transferred at the request of medical organizations was noted for the concentrate of donor platelets (from 702,732 units in 2016 to 1,072,830 in 2020, by 34.5 %) and erythrocyte- containing blood components (from 491,791 liters in 2016 to 555,909 liters in 2020, by 13.5 %). A general trend was noted both towards a decrease in the frequency of detection of markers of bloodborne infections (from 16.8 to 7.7 %), and in individual infections. When analyzing the frequency of detection of infection markers, a signiﬁcant difference was obtained in the group of newly registered and repeated donors (50,114 and 25,814, р < 0,001).Conclusion. The decrease of the number of cases of detection of infection markers and the redistribution of blood collection in accordance with the changing demands of medical organizations demonstrates a targeted strategy for improving the safety of transfusions, improving the quality of recruiting activities, and improving the principles of lean production of blood components.
Ultraviolet and visible double Fano resonances of three-dimensional metamaterials by plasmonic coupling with aluminium surface
Authors: Yu Lili , Wang Yajun , Guo Tian , Du Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We theoretically investigate double Fano resonances (FRs) from the ultraviolet to visible range by combining the array of aluminium 3D split-ring resonators (Al 3D-SRRs) and an Al mirror. The interaction between the first-order (1st) magnetic plasmon (MP) mode of the 3D-SRRs and the 1st surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode propagating on an Al substrate, and the interaction between the second-order (2nd) MP mode and the 2nd SPP mode generate the double narrow FRs. The 2nd ultraviolet FR of the proposed metamaterial has a high refractive index sensitivity of 240 nm RIU−1 and a figure of merit of 22, suggesting promising applications in ultraviolet sensing.
Can We Share the Same Perspective? Blockchain Interoperability with Views
Authors: Belchior Rafael , Torres Limaris , Pfannschmid Jonas , Vasconcelos André , Correia Miguel 
Published: October 2022

<p>Distributed ledger technology (DLT) provides decentralized and tamper-resistant data storage, replicated among mutually untrusting participants. With the advancement of this technology, different privacy-preserving blockchains have been proposed, such as Corda, Hyperledger Fabric, and Digital Asset's Canton. These distributed ledgers only provide \emph{partial consistency}, which implies that participants can view the same ledger differently. </p>
<p>A \emph{view} represents the states of a blockchain available to a particular stakeholder. The combination of views forms an integrated view that represents a consistent global state shared by all participants. </p>
<p>This paper introduces BUNGEE (Blockchain UNifier view GEnErator), the first DLT view generator, to allow capturing DLT snapshots, constructing views, and performing arbitrary operations on those, such as integrating views. Creating and integrating views allows interesting applications, such as stakeholder-centric snapshots for audits, cross-chain analysis, blockchain migration, and data analytics.</p>