bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondhand smoke exposure among never-smoking adolescents in Wuhan, China
Authors: Mei Xin , Chen Gong , Zhong Qing , Li Yi-Lin , Li Jun-Lin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWithout smoke-free legislation in Wuhan, China, we investigated secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at home, school, and public places for never-smoking school-going adolescents in 2019. A cross-sectional study was carried out within the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) framework. Weighted univariate, bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted. The prevalence of SHS exposure among never-smoking adolescents at home, school and public places was 25.7%, 31.9% and 48.9%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that parents smoking, peers smoking and observing teachers smoking in school were all significantly related to a higher probability of SHS exposure at home, school, and public places. Never-smoking adolescents who had smoking parents had 14 times (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 14.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 11.37–17.24) higher odds of SHS exposure at home; Never-smoking adolescents who observed teachers smoking in school had about 10 (aOR = 9.76; 95% CI = 7.13–13.36) and four times (aOR = 3.55; 95% CI = 2.77–4.55) higher odds of SHS exposure in school and public places, respectively. Adopting comprehensive smoke-free legislation in public places and smoke-free home rules and implementing and supervising smoke-free school policies may further reduce SHS exposure among adolescents.
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes wrapped with polyvinylpyrrolidone can control the leaf yellowing of Alstroemeria cut flowers
Authors: Mousavi Seyedeh Farzaneh , Roein Zeynab , Hekmatara Seyedeh Hoda 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe rapid yellowing of the leaves on cut flowers with leafy stems severely limits their vase life and commercial value. In this study, the effect of a composite of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) on the longevity of cut Alstroemeria flowers (Alstroemeria hybrida) was investigated to obtain a solution to this problem. A range of MWCNTs/PVP composite concentrations (0, 3, 6, and 9 mg L−1) was applied in a vase solution (for 24 h) as pulse treatments. Our findings indicate that the composite of MWCNTs and PVP exhibits excellent dispersibility in a vase solution. The results demonstrate that a 3 mg L−1 MWCNTs/PVP concentration was the most effective, extending the vase life of cut Alstroemeria flowers by up to 27 days. Pulsing with MWCNTs/PVP delayed the onset of floret abscission and leaf yellowing by 5 and 18 days, respectively. Additionally, when MWCNTs/PVP solution was applied to cut stems, water uptake remained consistently greater than that of the control. Additionally, MWCNTs/PVP increased the total chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, and POX enzyme activity of leaves while decreasing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The results indicate that this composite exhibited antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, particularly at a concentration of 3 mg L−1. This study demonstrated that adding MWCNTs/PVP to a vase solution of Alstroemeria cut flowers increased their longevity with minimal leaf yellowing symptoms compared to untreated cut stems. As a result, this nanocomposite can be used safely and effectively in vase solutions and in combination with other preservatives.
A cutback in Imiquimod cutaneous toxicity; comparative cutaneous toxicity analysis of Imiquimod nanotransethosomal gel with 5% marketed cream on the BALB/c mice
Authors: Jamshaid Humzah , Din Fakhar ud , Malik Maimoona , Mukhtiar Muhammad , Choi Han Gon , Ur-Rehman Tofeeq , Khan Gul Majid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHerein, Imiquimod (IMQ) was incorporated in nanotransethosomes (nTES) to develop the IMQ-nTES nano-drug delivery system. IMQ-nTES was optimized using 23 factorial design. The optimized formulation was expressed with a particle size of 192.4 ± 1.60 nm, Poly-dispersibility of 0.115 ± 0.008, and IMQ percent entrapment efficiency of 91.05 ± 3.22%. Smooth and round morphology of IMQ-nTES vesicles was confirmed by TEM micrographs. Moreover, FTIR results have shown drug-excipient compatibility. The IMQ-nTES was laden inside the low molecular weight chitosan gel, which exhibited easy application, spreadability and no irritation to the applied skin. The release pattern has clearly exhibited improved dissolution properties of IMQ with the provision of the sustain release pattern. Higher IMQ content was deposited in deeper epidermis and dermis with IMQ-nTES gel, in contrast to ALDARA. In vivo, comparative toxicity study on BALB/c mice has shown significantly reduced (p < 0.001) psoriatic area severity index (PASI) score and less increment in ear thickness. Epidermal hyperplasia was an obvious finding with ALDARA which was, providentially, minimal in IMQ-nTES gel-treated skin. FTIR analysis of skin tissue has shown an enhancement of lipid and protein content in the ALDARA group, however, in the IMQ-nTES group no such change was observed. With ALDARA application, CD4+ T-cells and constitutive NF-κβ expression were significantly elevated, in comparison to the IMQ-nTES gel treated group. Moreover, the adequate expression of IFN-γ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells were suggesting the preserved IMQ efficacy with IMQ-nTES gel. Quantification of cutaneous as well as systemic inflammatory markers has also suggested the reduced psoriatic potential of IMQ-nTES gel. In essence, IMQ-nTES gel can be a suitable alternative to ALDARA owing to its better safety profile.
Reclassifying tumour cell cycle activity in terms of its tissue of origin
Authors: Lundberg Arian , Yi Joan Jong Jing , Lindström Linda S. , Tobin Nicholas P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGenomic alterations resulting in loss of control over the cell cycle is a fundamental hallmark of human malignancies. Whilst pan-cancer studies have broadly assessed tumour genomics and their impact on oncogenic pathways, analyses taking the baseline signalling levels in normal tissue into account are lacking. To this end, we aimed to reclassify the cell cycle activity of tumours in terms of their tissue of origin and determine if any common DNA mutations, chromosome arm-level changes or signalling pathways contribute to an increase in baseline corrected cell cycle activity. Combining normal tissue and pan-cancer data from over 13,000 samples we demonstrate that tumours of gynaecological origin show the highest levels of corrected cell cycle activity, partially owing to hormonal signalling and gene expression changes. We also show that normal and tumour tissues can be separated into groups (quadrants) of low/high cell cycle activity and propose the hypothesis of an upper limit on these activity levels in tumours.
Computational study of transition metal dichalcogenide cold source MOSFETs with sub-60 mV per decade and negative differential resistance effect
Authors: Yin Yiheng , Zhang Zhaofu , Shao Chen , Robertson John , Guo Yuzheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo extend the Moore’s law in 5 nm node, a large number of two dimensional (2D) materials and devices have been researched, among which the ‘cold’ metals 2H MS2(M = Nb, Ta) with unique band structures are expected to achieve the sub-60 mVdec−1subthreshold swing (SS). We explored the electronic properties and ballistic quantum transport performance of ‘cold’ metals and the corresponding MOSFETs with idealized structures. The studied ‘cold’ metal field-effect transistors (CM-FETs) based on the ‘cold’ metals are capable to fulfill the high-performance (HP) and low-dissipation (LP) goals simultaneously, as required by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). Moreover, gaps of ‘cold’ metals CM-FETs also demonstrate negative differential resistance (NDR) property, allowing us to further extend the use of CM-FETs. Owing to the wide transmission path in the broken gap structure of NbS2/MoS2heterojunction, the 4110 μAμm−1peak current, several orders of magnitude higher than the typical tunneling diode, is achieved by NbS2/MoS2CM-FET. The largest peak-valley ratio (PVR) 1.1×106is obtained by TaS2/MoS2CM-FET withVGS = −1 V at room temperature. Our results claim that the superior on-state current, SS, cut-off frequency and NDR effect can be obtained by CM-FETs simultaneously. The study of CM-FETs provides a practicable solution for state-of-the-art logic device in sub 5 nm node for both more Moore roadmap and more than Moore roadmap applications.
Plant hairy roots for the production of extracellular vesicles with antitumor bioactivity
Authors: Boccia Eleonora , Alfieri Mariaevelina , Belvedere Raffaella , Santoro Valentina , Colella Marianna , Del Gaudio Pasquale , Moros Maria , Dal Piaz Fabrizio , Petrella Antonello , Leone Antonietta , Ambrosone Alfredo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPlant extracellular vesicles (EVs) concentrate and deliver different types of bioactive molecules in human cells and are excellent candidates for a next-generation drug delivery system. However, the lack of standard protocols for plant EV production and the natural variations of their biomolecular cargo pose serious limitation to their use as therapeutics. To overcome these issues, we set up a versatile and standardized procedure to purify plant EVs from hairy root (HR) cultures, a versatile biotechnological system, already successfully employed as source of bioactive molecules with pharmaceutical and nutraceutical relevance. Herewith, we report that HR of Salvia dominica represent an excellent platform for the production of plant EVs. In particular, EVs derived from S. dominica HRs are small round-shaped vesicles carrying typical EV-associated proteins such as cytoskeletal components, chaperon proteins and integral membrane proteins including the tetraspanin TET-7. Interestingly, the HR-derived EVs showed selective and strong pro-apoptotic activity in pancreatic and mammary cancer cells. These results reveal that plant hairy roots may be considered a new promising tool in plant biotechnology for the production of extracellular vesicles for human health.
Pan-cancer analysis of mRNA stability for decoding tumour post-transcriptional programs
Authors: Perron Gabrielle , Jandaghi Pouria , Moslemi Elham , Nishimura Tamiko , Rajaee Maryam , Alkallas Rached , Lu Tianyuan , Riazalhosseini Yasser , Najafabadi Hamed S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMeasuring mRNA decay in tumours is a prohibitive challenge, limiting our ability to map the post-transcriptional programs of cancer. Here, using a statistical framework to decouple transcriptional and post-transcriptional effects in RNA-seq data, we uncover the mRNA stability changes that accompany tumour development and progression. Analysis of 7760 samples across 18 cancer types suggests that mRNA stability changes are ~30% as frequent as transcriptional events, highlighting their widespread role in shaping the tumour transcriptome. Dysregulation of programs associated with >80 RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) drive these changes, including multi-cancer inactivation of RBFOX and miR-29 families. Phenotypic activation or inhibition of RBFOX1 highlights its role in calcium signaling dysregulation, while modulation of miR-29 shows its impact on extracellular matrix organization and stemness genes. Overall, our study underlines the integral role of mRNA stability in shaping the cancer transcriptome, and provides a resource for systematic interrogation of cancer-associated stability pathways.
Exploring the roles of oxygen species in H2 oxidation at β-MnO2 surfaces using operando DRIFTS-MS
Authors: Xu Jiacheng , Zhang Tiantian , Fang Shiyu , Li Jing , Wu Zuliang , Wang Wei , Zhu Jiali , Gao Erhao , Yao Shuiliang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnderstanding of the roles of oxygen species at reducible metal oxide surfaces under real oxidation conditions is important to improve the performance of these catalysts. The present study addresses this issue by applying a combination of operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy with a temperature-programmed reaction cell and mass spectrometry to explore the behaviors of oxygen species during H2 oxidation in a temperature range of 25–400 °C at β-MnO2 surfaces. It is revealed that O2 is dissociated simultaneously into terminal-type oxygen (M2+-O2–) and bridge-type oxygen (M+-O2–-M+) via adsorption at the Mn cation with an oxygen vacancy. O2 adsorption is inhibited if the Mn cation is covered with terminal-adsorbed species (O, OH, or H2O). In a temperature range of 110–150 °C, OH at Mn cation becomes reactive and its reaction product (H2O) can desorb from the Mn cation, resulting in the formation of bare Mn cation for O2 adsorption and dissociation. At a temperature above 150 °C, OH is reactive enough to leave bare Mn cation for O2 adsorption and dissociation. These results suggest that bare metal cations with oxygen vacancies are important to improve the performance of reducible metal oxide catalysts.
Biosourced quinones for high-performance environmentally benign electrochemical capacitors via interface engineering
Authors: Gouda Abdelaziz , Masson Alexandre , Hoseinizadeh Molood , Soavi Francesca , Santato Clara 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiosourced and biodegradable organic electrode materials respond to the need for sustainable storage of renewable energy. Here, we report on electrochemical capacitors based on electrodes made up of quinones, such as Sepia melanin and catechin/tannic acid (Ctn/TA), solution-deposited on carbon paper engineered to create high-performance interfaces. Sepia melanin and Ctn/TA on TCP electrodes exhibit a capacitance as high as 1355 mF cm−2 (452 F g−1) and 898 mF cm−2 (300 F g−1), respectively. Sepia melanin and Ctn/TA symmetric electrochemical capacitors operating in aqueous electrolytes exhibit up to 100% capacitance retention and 100% coulombic efficiency over 50,000 and 10,000 cycles at 150 mA cm−2 (10 A g−1), respectively. Maximum power densities as high as 1274 mW cm−2 (46 kW kg−1) and 727 mW cm−2 (26 kW kg−1) with maximum energy densities of 0.56 mWh cm−2 (20 Wh kg−1) and 0.65 mWh cm−2 (23 Wh kg−1) are obtained for Sepia melanin and Ctn/TA.
Investigating the customer trust in artificial intelligence: The role of anthropomorphism, empathy response, and interaction
Authors: Chi Nguyen Thi Khanh , Hoang Vu Nam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) applications are observed in different industries including the services, where the impressive changing pace is boosted by the technological advances in AI. The use of AI in the daily work of individuals and in shaping the relationship between firms and customers has resulted in increased efficiency and a higher degree of fascination in interaction. There are, however, customers' fears related to the use of AI. Therefore, understanding how AI affects customer trust is worth investigating. This study focuses on the AI applications and their impact on communication quality and customer trust. The features of AI applications investigated in this study include anthropomorphism, empathy response and interaction. A model was first empirically validated through Confirmatory Factor Analysis and tested using Covariance‐Based Structural Equation Modelling. Data were then collected from a survey of 507 customers of two banks and two big telecommunication firms in Vietnam. Empirical results indicate that anthropomorphism and interaction do not play critical roles in generating customer trust in AI unless they create communication quality with customers. The ability of empathy response makes customers trust in various service situations. AI application seems to be a good solution for service firms to enhance their relationship with customers in difficult circumstances, including a pandemic crisis. This study delivers implications for enhancing AI adoption in the service firms that intend to innovate their future operations.
Three‐dimensional electromagnetic parametric modelling and implementation of miniaturized lumped‐element power divider based on symmetrical configuration
Authors: Wu Tiecheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) electromagnetic (EM) parametric modelling and implementation of miniaturized lumped‐element power divider (PD) based on symmetrical configuration is investigated. The system design and schematic diagrams of PDs are first demonstrated; subsequently, the 3D EM field and field‐circuit co‐simulation models of PD utilizing computer simulation technology (CST) and advanced design system (ADS) tools are detailedly presented. Finally, one prototype is fabricated and measured. Simultaneously, the gain of the PD is −3.96 dB @ 100 MHz and the experimental curve is in excellent agreement with the simulation. As a conclusion, the novel design methodology applied in PD has important practical engineering value, which can be also applied in millimetre‐wave (mmW) circuit
Calculated DC resistance‐based pilot protection scheme for bipolar high‐voltage direct current transmission lines
Authors: Yang Yayu , Tai Ningling , Liu Yu , Zheng Xiaodong , Ma Jianjun , Yan Jun , Ye Shu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current differential protection for high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines has low reliability due to the distributed capacitive current and time delay. This paper proposes a pilot directional protection, which is based on the calculated DC resistance (CDCR) at both ends of DC lines. The characteristics of superimposed components and CDCR are analysed using the superposition theorem. The magnitude of CDCR is equal to the resistance of the converter for a forward internal fault, while it is equal to the sum of the line's DC resistance and the converter's resistance for a reverse fault. CDCR is a useful characteristic to construct the protection scheme as the resistance of DC line is significantly greater than that of the converter. Detailed simulation tests carried out on PSCAD/EMTDC under different fault conditions show that the proposed scheme is able to identify internal and external faults accurately.
AI‐ and IoT‐based hybrid model for air quality prediction in a smart city with network assistance
Authors: Kataria Aman , Puri Vikram 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAir pollution is one of the biggest concerns in the world but it has not been paid much attention in developing countries. It is necessary to design models and methods to understand air pollution in developing countries to reduce the rate of pollution. This paper proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI)‐based hybrid model to predict the Air Quality Index (AQI) with a practical case study of the public data sets. The sensor node is deployed in the city to collect air quality data. Moreover, this sensor node connects to the cloud server for collecting data at the firebase real‐time database through a WiFi/5G network embedded in the raspberry controller. Carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particular matter PM2.5 sensors are integrated within a sensor node to monitor the AQI of the regions. A Kalman fis also applied to remove unwanted noise from the data collected through the sensor node. Models namely Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), k‐nearest neighbour (k‐NN), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), CNN‐LSTM, ensemble model, and a proposed model, that is, CNN‐LSTM‐Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA) model, have been utilised to predict the AQI. The performance evaluation of models is done through statistical parameters, such as mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and accuracy score on two different public data sets and compared with the baseline models. The performance of the CNN‐LSTM‐BOA model is better than baseline models in terms of above‐mentioned statistical parameters as the accuracy reported is more than 97 %.This study can help predict the Air Quality Index and provide sufficient time to generate warning signals in the location.
Collaborative load shifting effect of power‐to‐gas and gas‐fired unit in integrated power and gas system
Authors: Li Dongsen , Gao Ciwei , Chen Tao , Guo Xiaoxuan , Han Shuai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGas has become the main fuel for electricity production as a result of the significant growth in gas‐fired units (GFU), which can lead to a shortage of supply gas for power generation. Meanwhile, there is a higher chance of power mismatch due to the rising penetration of renewable energy in the power system. Considering that power system and gas natural network are increasingly interdependent under more coupling elements, such as power‐to‐gas (PtG) and GFU, cascading failures will occur more often if demand mismatch is not dealt with efficiently. To explore the potential of PtG and GFU to enhance the flexibility of the integrated power and gas system (IPGS), the collaborative load shifting effect (LSE) of them is researched. Therefore, this article contributes a two‐stage robust energy scheduling model that considers the LSE of PtG and GFU on the electric and gas demand side. Simplifying the dual process in the max–min optimization, this article applies a modified Benders decomposition methodology introducing virtual balance to solve the model. Also, the LSE of PtG and GFU is demonstrated in the form of security region (SR) in the case study. Based on the proposed load uniformity level (LUL) index, the results show that GFU and PtG are mainly involved in the load shifting in the power system, and PtG prefers to work when load shifting level is high. As a result, the equipment of PtG and GFU increases the SR by 40.9% and 14.3%, respectively. Moreover, the impact of the fluctuation of wind power on the IPGS, especially on the natural gas network (NGN), is validated through the reduction of the load shifting range by 5%.
Homoeopathic Treatment of a Case of Mania with Psychotic Features
Authors: Moorthi S. Karunakara , Nitha M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMania is an abnormal feature of bipolar affective disorder, which can cause emotional, functional and cognitive impairment with a direct impact on the quality of life of the patient. A case reported in the outpatient department of the National Homoeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health with symptoms of violence, hurting her sister and mother, abusiveness, irritability, anger, impulsiveness, gesturing with hands, self-laughing and self-talking, tendency to run away from home, sleeplessness, fear of being poisoned and reduced appetite. The case was diagnosed by the consultant psychiatrist as manic episode with psychotic feature as per the International Classification of Diseases-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research. At the time of admission, the Young Mania Rating Scale scored 36. Carcinosinum 200 was prescribed, but no relief was obtained. So, Sepia officinalis 200 was selected as the second prescription. The social functioning and quality of life of the patient improved. There is no recurrence of a manic episode in the past 1 year. The outcome report of this case shows that the individualised homoeopathic treatment for mania with psychotic features got full remission without the support of any adjunctive therapy or conventional medication.