bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A combined role for low vitamin D and low albumin circulating levels as strong predictors of worse outcome in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Sanson Gianfranco , De Nicolò Amedeo , Zerbato Verena , Segat Ludovica , Koncan Raffaella , Di Bella Stefano , Cusato Jessica , di Masi Alessandra , Palermo Andrea , Caironi Pietro , D’Agaro Pierlanfranco , Luzzati Roberto , D’Avolio Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to assess the combined role of vitamin D and albumin serum levels as predictors of COVID-19 disease progression.

Methods
We conducted a prospective observational study on adult patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (March–September 2020). Vitamin D and albumin serum levels were measured on admission. These variables were categorized in albumin < 3.5 or ≥ 3.5 g/dL and vitamin D < 30 ng/mL or ≥ 30 ng/mL. We excluded patients with known bone diseases, renal failure, hypercalcemia and/or treated with antiepileptic drugs and steroids, and patients who received previous vitamin D supplementation. A composite outcome including any ventilatory support, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, and 60-day mortality was defined.

Results
Sixty-nine patients were enrolled, of whom 50% received non-invasive (NIV) or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), 10% died, whereas 89% and 66% presented low albumin and low vitamin D serum levels, respectively. No correlation between vitamin D and albumin levels was found. In multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for sex and age-corrected comorbidities, patients having albumin < 3.5 g/dL and vitamin D < 30 ng/mL showed a significant increased risk for all study outcomes, namely NIV/IMV (OR 3.815; 95% CI 1.122–12.966; p = 0.032), NIV/IMV or death (OR 3.173; 95% CI 1.002–10.043; p = 0.049) and PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 100 (OR 3.410; 95% CI 1.138–10.219; p = 0.029).

Conclusion
The measurement of both vitamin D and serum albumin levels on COVID-19 patients’ admission, and their combined evaluation, provides a simple prognostic tool that could be employed to guide prompt clinical decisions.
Manganese Accumulation and Tissue-level Distribution in the Australian Hyperaccumulator Gossia Bidwillii (Myrtaceae)
Authors: Abubakari Farida , Nkrumah Philip Nti , Fernando Denise R. , Erskine Peter D. , Echevarria Guillaume , van der Ent Antony 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe manganese (Mn) hyperaccumulator Gossia bidwillii is a tree species native to subtropical eastern Australia where it occurs on Mn-rich soils. Here, we conducted the first Mn accumulation and tissue-level distribution study on wild and experimentally grown G. bidwillii. Gossia bidwillii plants were subjected to different levels of Mn (250 µg g−1, 500 µg g−1, 1000 µg g−1) soil dosing treatments, whereas the wild G. bidwillii was sampled from growing on highly Mn-enriched natural soils. We used laboratory-based micro-X-ray Fluorescence (µXRF) elemental mapping to elucidate in situ distribution patterns of Mn and other elements in hydrated wild and Mn-dosed G. bidwillii leaves. The data from wild G. bidwillii revealed that it can be strongly Mn-hyperaccumulating with foliar Mn concentrations of 39 000 µg g−1 and 24 000 µg g−1 in old and young leaves, respectively. In the Mn dosing trial, G. bidwillii accumulated 24 400 µg g−1 in old leaves and 17 100 µg g−1 in young leaves in the highest treatment level. The laboratory based µXRF data revealed that Mn is uniformly enriched throughout the laminae and petioles of both young and old leaves in wild G. bidwillii; while in Mn-dosed G. bidwillii, the foliar Mn distribution was primarily concentrated at the leaf-tip and lamina. The approach employed by combining data from the field and controlled experiments was especially meaningful for investigating Mn accumulation in this species and gaining added insight into the phenomenon of Mn hyperaccumulation.
On the road again—a review of pretreatment methods for the decontamination of skeletal materials for strontium isotopic and concentration analysis
Authors: Wathen Crista Adelle , Isaksson Sven , Lidén Kerstin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStrontium isotopic and concentration results from archeological skeletons have proved useful in demonstrating human and animal mobility patterns, and dietary life-history. This initiated the movement from proxies to answer these questions. However, there remains an issue as to whether the produced isotopic and concentration values are those accumulated by an individual during life and not an analytical artifact or the result of remaining diagenetic material or other forms of contamination. Over the last 40 years, there have been a variety of protocols used with varying success to remove contaminants prior to analysis, as well as a movement from bone analysis to solely enamel. This review covers the evolution of pretreatment protocols, the role of technological advances in producing accurate and precise results, and a discussion of best practices. Archeological case studies will demonstrate the evolution of these topics as well as their limitations and potential.
2021 Nobel Prize for mechanosensory transduction
Authors: Martinac Boris 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWritten by someone who has worked in the mechanobiology field for close to 40 years, this commentary describes some historical background to the recent award of one-half of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine to Ardem Patapoutian for his discovery of the family of mechanosensitive Piezo ion channels, which function as mechanoreceptors feeling the environment in senses such as touch, pain, and proprioception.
Patient-facing genetic and genomic mobile apps in the UK: a systematic review of content, functionality, and quality
Authors: Gasteiger Norina , Vercell Amy , Davies Alan , Dowding Dawn , Khan Naz , Davies Angela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractClose relative (consanguineous) marriage is widely practised globally, and it increases the risk of genetic disorders. Mobile apps may increase awareness and education regarding the associated risks in a sensitive, engaging, and accessible manner. This systematic review of patient-facing genetic/genomic mobile apps explores content, function, and quality. We searched the NHS Apps Library and the UK Google Play and Apple App stores for patient-facing genomic/genetic smartphone apps. Descriptive information and information on content was extracted and summarized. Readability was examined using the Flesch–Kincaid metrics. Two raters assessed each app, using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and the IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics functionality score. A total of 754 apps were identified, of which 22 met the eligibility criteria. All apps intended to inform/educate users, while 32% analyzed genetic data, and 18% helped to diagnose genetic conditions. Most (68%) were clearly about genetics, but only 14% were affiliated with a medical/health body or charity, and only 36% had a privacy strategy. Mean reading scores were 35 (of 100), with the average reading age being equivalent to US grade 12 (UK year 13). On average, apps had 3.3 of the 11 IMS functionality criteria. The mean MARS quality score was 3.2 ± 0.7. Half met the minimum acceptability score (3 of 5). None had been formally evaluated. It was evident that there are few high-quality genomic/genetic patient-facing apps available in the UK. This demonstrates a need for an accessible, culturally sensitive, evidence-based app to improve genetic literacy within patient populations and specific communities.
Quality of Government and Types of Innovation—Empirical Evidence for Italian Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Barra Cristian , Ruggiero Nazzareno 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUsing firm-level information on Italian manufacturing companies provided by Capitalia and the Institutional Quality Index (IQI) dataset over the 2004–2006 (10th edition) period, we employ a multi-probit model to assess the effects of government quality upon four dimensions of innovation, namely, marketing, organisational, product and process innovation. Findings presented in the paper suggest that higher government quality stimulates firms’ innovative activities, though the impact of governance varies across the various dimensions of innovation examined. Our evidence, which is robust to firms’ size, PAVITT classification and firms’ geographical location, provides room for policy interventions.
Socioeconomic outcomes of agricultural land use change in Southeast Asia
Authors: Appelt Jonas L. , Garcia Rojas Diana C. , Verburg Peter H. , van Vliet Jasper 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAgricultural land use is transforming rapidly in Southeast Asia, often supported by development policies aiming primarily at economic growth. However, the socioeconomic outcomes of these changes for smallholder farmers remain unclear. Here, we systematically review cases of agricultural land use change in Southeast Asia to assess their socioeconomic outcomes and potential trade-off and synergies in these outcomes. Of the 126 reviewed cases, we find mostly positive outcomes for income (SDG 1, 100 cases) and employment (SDG 8, 11 cases), while outcomes on health (SDG 3, 9 cases) were mixed, and outcomes for food security (SDG 2, 44 cases), gender equality (SDG 5, 13 cases), and economic equality (SDG 10, 14 cases) were mostly negative. Studies describing multiple outcomes show indications of synergies between income and food security, and between income and employment, but also potential trade-offs between income and economic equality. In addition, we find that economic land concessions result in multiple negative outcomes more often than other types of land governance regimes. The results provide evidence that economic gains from agricultural land use change often come at a cost of other dimensions of sustainable development.
Insights of microorganisms role in rice and rapeseed wastes as potential sorbents for metal removal
Authors: Shen X. , Zhao J. , Bonet-Garcia N. , Villagrasa E. , Solé A. , Liao X. , Palet C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRice and rapeseed agricultural wastes, as nonliving biomass, are proposed for heavy metal remediation in polluted effluents (chromium, cadmium, copper and lead). The physicochemical characterization of these biomasses shows that the surface of both sorbents is negatively charged (zeta potential), the surface area of sorbents is 4.39 and 40.7 (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller), and the main functional groups are carboxylic and hydroxyl (attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy). The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the insights of microorganisms associated with these nonliving biomasses in the removal of heavy metals from synthetic aqueous solutions, adjusted at pH 4.0 (as the best acidic condition for the sorption process). The isolates (Bacillus genus in rice and Escherichia, Micrococcus and Staphylococcus genus in rapeseed) remove heavy metals from mentioned solutions, mainly in consortia, with contribution percentage over than 80% of total metals. In addition, when they are present in biomass, they provide an additional metal removal effect, especially in rapeseed biomass system and with multiple heavy metals aqueous solutions: i.e. Cr(III) removal, at 4 mmol/L, increases from 70 to 100%. This knowledge makes possible the use of the nonliving biomasses with no need for any special pretreatment against the microorganisms, prior to their use as metal sorbents that implies their good feasibility for application from an economical point of view.
Impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany on the rate of acute infections during intensive chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Jacob Anne Sophie , Kaul Helen , Fuchs Michael , Gillessen Sarah , Kreissl Stefanie , Pluetschow Annette , Momotow Jesko , Schaub Valdete , Huettmann Andreas , Haenel Mathias , Zimmermann Andreas , Dierlamm Judith , Meissner Julia , Mathas Stephan , Martin Sonja , Engert Andreas , Hallek Michael , Borchmann Peter , Lehmann Clara 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Evidence on the effect of self-protection via social distancing and wearing face-masks on infections during chemotherapy is currently not available. We asked if the occurrence of acute infections during chemotherapy for advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) decreased when COVID-19 protection measures were in effect.

Methods
We analyzed the occurrence of infections during all documented eBEACOPP cycles starting between 01 March and 30 June of 2017 to 2020 in patients treated within the GHSG HD21 study in Germany and compared the infection rates and characteristics by logistic regression models and means of descriptive statistics.

Results
We analyzed 911 cycles of 313 adult patients treated with 4 to 6 cycles of eBEACOPP. We found a significant decrease in the occurrence of infections during chemotherapy for HL during COVID-19 lockdown from 131 (19.6%) of 670 cycles in 2017–2019 to 30 (12.6%) of 239 cycles during COVID-19 lockdown [OR 0.574 (95% CI 0.354–0.930), P = 0.024]. The strongest effect was evident for unspecified infections with 39 cycles (5.8%) during 2017–2019 in comparison to 5 cycles (2.1%) during COVID-19 lockdown. 20 (24.1%) of 83 patients had an infection during the COVID-19 lockdown versus 99 (43.2%) of 229 patients in the years 2017–2019 (P = 0.0023).

Conclusion
The significant decrease of infections during chemotherapy for HL during COVID-19 lockdown reveals the protective measures’ potential to shield patients from transmissible pathogens. We conclude that these measures could be recommended for HL patients at risk for infections during chemotherapy.
Duodenal tropism of SARS-CoV-2 and clinical findings in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Authors: Neuberger Michael , Jungbluth Achim , Irlbeck Michael , Streitparth Florian , Burian Maria , Kirchner Thomas , Werner Jens , Rudelius Martina , Knösel Thomas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Duodenal involvement in COVID-19 is poorly studied. Aim was to describe clinical and histopathological characteristics of critically ill COVID-19 patients suffering from severe duodenitis that causes a significant bleeding and/or gastrointestinal dysmotility.

Methods
In 51 critically ill patients suffering from SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, severe upper intestinal bleeding and/or gastric feeding intolerance were indications for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Duodenitis was diagnosed according to macroscopic signs and mucosal biopsies. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect viral specific protein and ACE2. In situ hybridization was applied to confirm viral replication.

Results
Nine of 51 critically ill patients (18%) suffering from SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia had developed upper GI bleeding complications and/or high gastric reflux. Five of them presented with minor and four (44%) with severe duodenitis. In two patients, erosions had caused severe gastrointestinal bleeding requiring PRBC transfusions. Immunohistochemical staining for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was positive inside duodenal enterocytes in three of four patients suffering from severe duodenitis. Viral replication could be confirmed by in situ hybridization.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that about 8% of critically ill COVID-19 patients may develop a severe duodenitis presumably associated with a direct infection of the duodenal enterocytes by SARS-CoV-2. Clinical consequences from severe bleeding and/or upper gastrointestinal dysmotility seem to be underestimated.
Canavan’s spongiform leukodystrophy (Aspartoacylase deficiency) with emphasis on sonographic features in infancy: description of a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Rossler Leon , Lemburg Stefan , Weitkämper Almut , Thiels Charlotte , Hoffjan Sabine , Nguyen Huu Phuc , Lücke Thomas , Heyer Christoph M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCanavan disease (CD; MIM 271,900) or spongy degeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) is a lethal, rare autosomal recessive leukodystrophy, first described in 1931 (Canavan in Arch Neurol Psychiatry 25: 299–308, 1931). The clinical presentation includes severe neurologic impairment and macrocephaly with onset of symptoms at the age of 3–5 months. Biochemical and genetic fundamentals of the disease are elucidated. Imaging diagnosis is principally based on MRI with important role of MR spectroscopy. We report the cerebral sonographic findings in a severely affected infant with CD: Diffuse hyperechogenicity and small multicystic changes of white matter as well as an inverted pattern of echogenicity between cortical gray and subcortical white matter. These findings are compared to to the few cases found in literature and to normal ultrasound examples. Finally, ultrasound and MRI imaging findings are correlated.
Psychosocial determinants for adherence to a healthy lifestyle and intervention participation in the FINGER trial: an exploratory analysis of a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Neuvonen Elisa , Lehtisalo Jenni , Solomon Alina , Antikainen Riitta , Havulinna Satu , Hänninen Tuomo , Laatikainen Tiina , Lindström Jaana , Rautio Nina , Soininen Hilkka , Strandberg Timo , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Kivipelto Miia , Ngandu Tiia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and aims
Psychosocial factors may affect adherence to lifestyle interventions and lifestyle changes. The role of psychosocial factors in dementia prevention needs more research. We aimed at clarify the issue in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER).

Methods
The population included 1260 participants aged 60–77 years at risk for cognitive decline, randomised to a multidomain lifestyle intervention or regular health advice for 2 years. Adherence was evaluated as participation in the provided activities and actual lifestyle changes, separately for each domain (diet, exercise, social/cognitive activity, vascular risk management) and combined into multidomain. Psychosocial factors were measured at trial baseline (depressive symptoms; study perception; health-related quality of life, HRQoL) and earlier life (hopelessness; satisfaction with family life, achievements, and financial situation).

Results
Depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and nonpositive study perception were negatively and HRQoL positively associated with participation in the multidomain intervention. Depressive symptoms, lower HRQoL, hopelessness and dissatisfaction with financial situation were associated with unhealthier lifestyles at baseline. Baseline depressive symptoms and lower HRQoL predicted less improvement in lifestyle, but did not modify the intervention effect on lifestyle change.

Discussion and conclusions
Several psychosocial factors were associated with participation in lifestyle intervention, while fewer of them contributed to lifestyle changes. Although the intervention was beneficial for lifestyle changes independent of psychosocial factors, those most in need of lifestyle improvement were less likely to be active. Tailoring lifestyle-modifying strategies based on the need for psychosocial support may add efficacy in future trials.

Trial Registry
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01041989 2010-01-05
The abandonment of Australians in India: an analysis of the right of entry as a security right in the age of COVID-19
Authors: Silva Diego S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn May 2021, when the Delta variant of SARS-CoV2 was wreaking havoc in India, the Australian Federal Government banned its citizens and residents who were there from coming back to Australia for 14 days on penalty of fines or imprisonment. These measures were justified on the grounds of protecting the broader Australian public from potentially importing the Delta strain, which officials feared would then seed a local outbreak. Those Australians stranded in India, and their families and communities back home, claimed that they were abandoned by Prime Minister Scott Morrison’s government. This case—along with other barriers used as part of border control measures in the name of public health—raises the following question: is it ever morally permissible for a state to ban its citizens and residents from entering their own country during a pandemic? I conclude that it’s impermissible. I argue that persons have a right of entry that should be understood as a security right. This security right should be non-derogable because it’s a foundational good that is necessary for life-planning purposes. Moreover, it is a right that people should be able to rely upon absolutely, even during pandemics. At the very least, should someone believe that there are rare exceptions to the right of entry on public health grounds, governments have a duty—grounded in the principle of reciprocity—to support those who are temporarily denied entry. In the case of Australians stranded in India, I will argue that the Australian Federal Government failed on all accounts.
Hesitant T-spherical Dombi fuzzy aggregation operators and their applications in multiple criteria group decision-making
Authors: Karaaslan Faruk , Al-Husseinawi Abdulrasool Hasan Sultan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA hesitant fuzzy (HF) set is an extension of the fuzzy sets and a T-spherical fuzzy set (T-SFS) is a generalization of the spherical fuzzy set (SFS). HF set has a significant role for modelling disagreements of the decision-makers over membership degree of an element. Also, T-SFS is quite effective in the modelling of the uncertainty for decision-making (DM) problems. In this paper, we define the concept of hesitant T-spherical fuzzy (HT-SF) set (HT-SFS) by combining concepts of HF set and T-SFS, and present some set-theoretical operations of HT-SFSs. We also develop the Dombi operations on HT-SFSs. We present some aggregation operators based on Dombi operators, including hesitant T-spherical Dombi fuzzy weighted arithmetic averaging operator, hesitant T-spherical Dombi fuzzy weighted geometric averaging operator, hesitant T-spherical Dombi fuzzy ordered weighted arithmetic averaging operator, and hesitant T-spherical Dombi fuzzy ordered weighted geometric averaging operator, and investigate some properties of them. In addition, we give a multi-criteria group decision-making method and algorithm of the proposed method under the hesitant T-spherical fuzzy environment. To show the process of proposed method, we present an example related to the selection of the most suitable person for the assistant professorship position in a university. Besides this, we present a comparative analysis with existing operators to reveal the advantages and authenticity of our technique.
Product selection based on sentiment analysis of online reviews: an intuitionistic fuzzy TODIM method
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Guo Jian , Zhang Huirong , Zhou Lixin , Wang Mengjiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOnline reviews contain a great deal of information about consumers' purchasing preferences, which seriously affects potential consumers' purchasing decisions. Using the online review data to help customers make purchasing decisions has become a concern of customers, which has theoretical and practical application value. Therefore, a product selection model is presented based on sentiment analysis combined with an intuitionistic fuzzy TODIM method. Firstly, the product features are extracted by the Apriori algorithm based on online reviews. The sentiment orientation and intensity of the sentiment words for the product features are identified by the lexicon-based sentiment analysis approach. Next, the sentiment orientation of the product features is represented by an intuitionistic fuzzy value. Then the intuitionistic fuzzy TODIM method is used to determine the ranking results of the alternative products. Finally, the case study of mobile phone selection is given to illustrate the proposed approach. The results show that the proposed method considers the online reviews’ sentiment orientation and intensity and the consumers’ gain and loss in the purchasing product process and is more reasonable than the previous research.