bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late Triassic to Jurassic Magmatic and Tectonic Evolution of the Intermontane Terranes in Yukon, Northern Canadian Cordillera: Transition From Arc to Syn‐Collisional Magmatism and Post‐Collisional Lithospheric Delamination
Authors: Colpron Maurice , Sack Patrick J. , Crowley James L. , Beranek Luke P. , Allan Murray M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEnd‐on arc collision and onset of the northern Cordilleran orogen is recorded in Late Triassic to Jurassic plutons in the Intermontane terranes of Yukon, and in development of the synorogenic Whitehorse trough (WT). A synthesis of the extensive data set for these plutons supports interpretation of the magmatic and tectonic evolution of the northern Intermontane terranes. Late Triassic juvenile plutons that locally intrude the Yukon‐Tanana terrane represent the northern extension of arc magmatism within Stikinia. Early Jurassic plutons that intrude Stikinia and Yukon‐Tanana terranes were emplaced during crustal thickening (200–195 Ma) and subsequent exhumation (190–178 Ma). The syn‐collisional magmatism migrated to the south and shows increasing crustal contributions with time. This style of magmatism in Yukon contrasts with coeval, juvenile arc magmatism in British Columbia (Hazelton Group), that records southward arc migration in the Early Jurassic. Exhumation and subsidence of the WT in the north were probably linked to the retreating Hazelton arc by a sinistral transform. East of WT, Early Jurassic plutons intruded into Yukon‐Tanana record continued arc magmatism in Quesnellia. Middle Jurassic plutons were intruded after final enclosure of the Cache Creek terrane and imbrication of the Intermontane terranes. The post‐collisional plutons have juvenile isotopic compositions that, together with stratigraphic evidence of surface uplift, are interpreted to record asthenospheric upwelling and lithospheric delamination. A revised tectonic model proposes that entrapment of the Cache Creek terrane was the result of Hazelton slab rollback and development of a sinistral transform fault system linked to the collision zone to the north.
Insight into the nature and the transformation of the hydroxyl species in the CeY zeolite
Authors: Hui Yu , Zheng Jian , Qin Yucai , Du Xiaohui , Zu Yun , Yang Jiabao , Sun Shuhong , Gao Xionghou , Sun Zhaolin , Song Lijuan 
Published: February 2022

The nature and transformation of hydroxyl species in a CeY zeolite during the calcination process have been investigated via the information of the hydroxyl spectra of the samples monitored in real-time via in situ FTIR spectroscopy technology.
BABEL (Better tArgeting, Better outcomes for frail ELderly patients) advance care planning: a comprehensive approach to advance care planning in nursing homes: a cluster randomised trial
Authors: Garland Allan , Keller Heather , Quail Patrick , Boscart Veronique , Heyer Michelle , Ramsey Clare , Vucea Vanessa , Choi Nora , Bains Ikdip , King Seema , Oshchepkova Tatiana , Kalashnikova Tatiana , Kroetsch Brittany , Steer Jessica , Heckman George 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Nursing home (NH) residents should have the opportunity to consider, discuss and document their healthcare wishes. However, such advance care planning (ACP) is frequently suboptimal.

Objective
Assess a comprehensive, person-centred ACP approach.

Design
Unblinded, cluster randomised trial.

Setting
Fourteen control and 15 intervention NHs in three Canadian provinces, 2018–2020.

Subjects
713 residents (442 control, 271 intervention) aged ≥65 years, with elevated mortality risk.

Methods
The intervention was a structured, $\sim$60-min discussion between a resident, substitute decision-maker (SDM) and nursing home staff to: (i) confirm SDMs’ identities and role; (ii) prepare SDMs for medical emergencies; (iii) explain residents’ clinical condition and prognosis; (iv) ascertain residents’ preferred philosophy to guide decision-making and (v) identify residents’ preferred options for specific medical emergencies. Control NHs continued their usual ACP processes. Co-primary outcomes were: (a) comprehensiveness of advance care planning, assessed using the Audit of Advance Care Planning, and (b) Comfort Assessment in Dying. Ten secondary outcomes were assessed. P-values were adjusted for all 12 outcomes using the false discovery rate method.

Results
The intervention resulted in 5.21-fold higher odds of respondents rating ACP comprehensiveness as being better (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.53, 7.61). Comfort in dying did not differ (difference = −0.61; 95% CI −2.2, 1.0). Among the secondary outcomes, antimicrobial use was significantly lower in intervention homes (rate ratio = 0.79, 95% CI 0.66, 0.94).

Conclusions
Superior comprehensiveness of the BABEL approach to ACP underscores the importance of allowing adequate time to address all important aspects of ACP and may reduce unwanted interventions towards the end of life.
A mechanistic model for nitrogen-limited plant growth
Authors: Chen Yongfa , Chu Chengjin , He Fangliang , Fang Suqin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsNitrogen is often regarded as a limiting factor to plant growth in various ecosystems. Understanding how nitrogen drives plant growth has numerous theoretical and practical applications in agriculture and ecology. In 2004, Göran I. Ågren proposed a mechanistic model of plant growth from a biochemical perspective. However, neglecting respiration and assuming stable and balanced growth made the model unrealistic for plants growing in natural conditions. The aim of the present paper is to extend Ågren’s model to overcome these limitations.MethodsWe improved Ågren’s model by incorporating the respiratory process and replacing the stable and balanced growth assumption with a three-parameter power function to describe the relationship between nitrogen concentration (Nc) and biomass. The new model was evaluated based on published data from three studies on corn (Zea mays) growth.Key ResultsRemarkably, the mechanistic growth model derived in this study is mathematically equivalent to the classical Richards model, which is the most widely used empirical growth model. The model agrees well with empirical plant growth data.ConclusionsOur model provides a mechanistic interpretation of how nitrogen drives plant growth. It is very robust in predicting growth curves and the relationship between Nc and relative growth rate.
Can preoperative features predict residual false lumen remodelling after tear-oriented limited resection for acute type I dissection?
Authors: Kim Sang Yoon , Chang Hyung Woo , Lee Jae Hang , Kim Jun Sung , Lim Cheong , Park Kay-Hyun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Central image Preoperative favourable computed tomography features and incidence of late positive remodelling of proximal descending thoracic aorta.

OBJECTIVES
Our goal was to identify the preoperative findings in computed tomography correlated with the postoperative changes of the false lumen (FL) remaining in the descending thoracic aorta following tear-oriented surgery for acute type I dissection.

METHODS
Patients who underwent ascending +/- partial arch replacement, with available preoperative and postoperative late (&gt;1 year) CT scans, were included. Preoperative cross-sectional parameters were measured by the semi-automated centreline method at the level of the anastomosis. The parameters of the patients who presented positive remodelling of the proximal descending thoracic aorta were compared with those of the patients who did not in the late images.

RESULTS
Among the included 101 patients, positive remodelling of the proximal descending thoracic aorta was observed in 46.5%, of which 76.6% extended downwards to the middle descending thoracic aorta. In the univariable analysis, an FL area ratio &lt;50% (P &lt; 0.001), a circumferential ratio of dissection &lt;50% (P = 0.028), an FL width &lt;20 mm (P = 0.008) at the distal anastomotic zone and not leaving residual arch branches having patent false lumens (P = 0.005) correlated with positive remodelling. The number of fulfilled above-mentioned features revealed a better correlation, which was stronger in patients without Marfan syndrome and in those older than 50 years.

CONCLUSIONS
The cross-sectional extent of dissection at the presumed distal anastomotic zone is associated with descending thoracic aorta positive remodelling following tear-oriented replacement for acute type I aortic dissection. Considering the anatomical features in determining the extent of aortic replacement, some of the non-Marfan elderly patients can be spared from aggressive total arch replacement with the frozen elephant trunk technique.
Nurse-led sedation for transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation seems safe for a selected patient population
Authors: Kočka Viktor , Nováčková Markéta , Kratochvílová Lenka , Širáková Andrea , Sulženko Jakub , Buděšínský Tomáš , Bystroń Marian , Neuberg Marek , Mašek Petr , Bednář František , Stern Michael , Toušek and Petr 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become a high-volume procedure with increasing demands on hospital resources. Local anaesthesia with sedation supervised by an anaesthesiology team is the current standard of care. We aimed to describe our experience with a simplified, nurse-led sedation (NLS) protocol. This study enrolled 128 consecutive patients who underwent transfemoral TAVI with self-expandable Evolut R prosthesis between November 2019 and April 2021. Operators selected 50% of patients for NLS based on the clinical expectation of lower risk of procedural difficulties. Nurse-led sedation protocol demanded only mild to moderate levels of sedation. The clinical outcomes were determined from the local TAVI registry and the national mortality database. Baseline patient characteristics were similar in the NLS (n = 64) and anaesthesiologist-led sedation (ALS) (n = 64) groups except higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (48.4% vs. 31.3%, P = 0.035) and peripheral vascular disease (20.3% vs. 7.8%, P = 0.036) in the ALS group. There was a trend for the larger prostheses used in the ALS group (P = 0.058). The procedural results did not differ, and coronary care team backup was rarely needed in the NLS group (6% of patients). The in-hospital outcomes were identical from both clinical and echocardiography perspectives, and 30-day mortality was low in both groups (1.5%). For the NLS group, preparation in the catheterization laboratory was quicker by 6.4 min (P = 0.01), and intensive care unit stay was shorter (2.03 vs. 3.48 days, P = 0.001). In conclusion, the NLS for the selected transfemoral TAVI population seems safe.
Fully automated measurement of aortic root anatomy using Philips HeartNavigator computed tomography software: fast, accurate, or both?
Authors: Kočka Viktor , Bártová Lucie , Valošková Naďa , Laboš Marek , Weichet Jiří , Neuberg Marek , Toušek and Petr 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is vital for safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We aimed to determine the accuracy of fully automated CT analysis of aortic root anatomy before TAVI by Philips HeartNavigator software. This prospective, academic, single-centre study enrolled 128 consecutive patients with native aortic valve stenosis considered for TAVI. Automated HeartNavigator software was compared to the standard manual CT analysis by experienced operators using FluoroCT software. The sizing of the aortic annulus by perimeter and area significantly differed between both methods: mean perimeter was 76.43 mm vs. 77.52 mm (P &lt; 0.0001) using manual FluoroCT vs. automated HeartNavigator software; mean area was 465 mm2 vs. 476 mm2 (P &lt; 0.0001). Interindividual variability testing revealed mean differences between the two operators were 1.21 mm for the aortic annulus perimeter and 9 mm2 for the aortic annulus area. The hypothetical self-expandable transcatheter prosthesis sizing resulted in 80% agreement in 80% of cases. The time required to perform the automated CT analysis was significantly shorter than the time required for manual analysis (mean 17.8 min vs. 2.1 min, P &lt; 0.0001). Philips HeartNavigator fully automated software for pre-TAVI CT analysis is a promising technology. Differences detected in aortic annulus dimensions are small and similar to the variability of manual CT analysis. Automated prediction of optimal fluoroscopic viewing angles is accurate. Correct transcatheter prosthesis sizing requires clinical oversight.
Might simplification of transcatheter aortic valve implantation reduce the burden on hospital resources?
Authors: Kratochvílová Lenka , Mašek Petr , Neuberg Marek , Nováčková Markéta , Toušek Petr , Sulženko Jakub , Buděšínský Tomáš , Kočka , and Viktor 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) varies considerably in terms of the procedural approach taken and the hospital length of stay (LoS); both directly affect the cost of care. Our coronary and standard cardiology unit aimed to simplify TAVI (and thus shorten the LoS) while maintaining safety. A shorter LoS would also reduce the burden on hospital resources and free up beds for other patients. Data on 214 consecutive patients undergoing TAVI at a single centre between April 2018 and March 2021 were retrospectively collected. A simplified protocol was implemented in January 2020; patients were stratified by whether they underwent TAVI before or after simplification. All procedural phases were simplified. For cost comparison purposes, the LoS was defined as the number of hospitalization days from admission to discharge. The total hospitalization cost was the sum of the direct and indirect (including reallocated overhead) costs. The LoS fell significantly (by 36%) after TAVI simplification. The times in the coronary care unit (CCU) and standard cardiac unit (SCU) also fell significantly (by 33% and 37% respectively). Patients in the simplified TAVI group were discharged, on average, 6 days after admission. The CCU costs decreased by 31% and the SCU costs by 39%. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation simplification did not compromise safety. Indeed, patients who underwent the simplified procedure seemed to develop fewer complications, especially bleeding. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation simplification significantly reduced the LoS and other costs without compromising patient safety.
Intercolony Comparisons of Gut Microbiome Composition From Lab Reared Eastern Subterranean Termites (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae)
Authors: Sapkota R , Scharf M E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Termites are social insects living in colonies composed of worker, soldier, and reproductive castes. Termite hindguts are inhabited by all three domains of life- Eukarya (protists), Bacteria, and Archaea. These gut microorganisms are horizontally and vertically transferred by nestmates and reproductives, respectively. Prior evidence suggests that every colony potentially has a different gut microbiome that was transferred vertically and horizontally over time. However, we do not know if different colonies reared in the laboratory on the same diet will ultimately demonstrate similar microbial composition and structure. Therefore, we looked at gut bacteria in Eastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes flavipes) colonies that were reared in the laboratory with identical diets and rearing conditions. Based on16S rRNA gene sequencing, the observed features, and Shannon’s diversity were significantly different between the colonies while differences in Pielou evenness and Faith phylogenetic diversity were not statistically significant. In addition, the microbial community structures were significantly different between colonies. Based on ANCOM (Analysis of Composition of Microbiomes), the taxa Elizabethkingia (Bacteroidetes: Flavobacteriales) and Chryseobacterium (Bacteroidetes: Flavobacteriales) were differentially abundant between the colonies. These results suggest that providing the exact same diet and rearing environment for &gt;2 yr cannot result in identical gut microbiomes between termite colonies.
Variable social organization among tuco-tucos (genusCtenomys) in theopimusclade
Authors: Lacey Eileen A , Amaya Juan P , Irian Christian G , Carrizo Pablo G , O’Brien Shannon L , Ojeda Agustina A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractComparative studies of closely related species provide a powerful means of identifying the ecological and demographic factors associated with variation in mammalian social systems. Although most members of the subterranean rodent genus Ctenomys are thought to be solitary, the highland tuco-tuco (C. opimus) is group living, meaning that multiple adults share a burrow system and underground nest site. These animals are part of the opimus clade, a monophyletic collection of four named species that occur in northwestern Argentina and adjacent portions of Chile and Bolivia. As a first step toward generating a comparative assessment of social organization within this clade, we characterized spatial relationships among members of a population of Ctenomys at Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca Province, Argentina. Based on geographic location and natural history, these animals were expected to be part of the opimus clade; analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome-b sequences from our study population confirmed this general phylogenetic placement. Radiotelemetry data indicated that the animals at Antofagasta were group living, with up to three adult females and one adult male sharing a burrow system. In contrast to other group-living ctenomyids, however, individuals did not consistently share nest sites. Comparisons of these data with re-analyses of spatial relationships among members of the population of C. opimus studied by O’Brien et al. (2020) revealed several intriguing differences in social organization, potential explanations for which include short-term responses to variable demographic and ecological conditions as well as more enduring responses to differences in local selective pressures. Further comparative analyses of these populations and, more generally, members of this subclade of Ctenomys will help to elucidate the factors contributing to variation in social behavior within this speciose and geographically widespread genus.
DEVELOPMENT OF A ROBOT FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION AND FERTILITY OF THE SOIL IN FARMLAND
Authors: Tanigaki Minoru , Inoue Yoshio , Momota Sadao , Saito Takashi , Nemoto Tomoaki , Ono Tsukasa , Wada Akira , Ohashi Masaharu , Tsuno Koichi , Kano Masahiro , Matsuura Takahiro , Yasuoka Tadaaki , Hanai Hiroyuki , Arakawa Koichi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A tractor-based robot with the capability of real-time assessing and visualizing the radioactive material density and fertility distribution of farmlands has been developed to accelerate the recovery process of the farmlands suffered by the accident of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP). In a field test at a decontaminated farmland near FDNPP, within-field heterogeneities of soil contamination and fertility are clarified almost in real-time. Results obtained by this robot are consistent with the map by the conventional soil sampling or the history of decontamination activities.
Mu rhythm suppression over sensorimotor regions is associated with greater empathic accuracy
Authors: Genzer Shir , Ong Desmond C , Zaki Jamil , Perry Anat 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
When people encounter others’ emotions, they engage multiple brain systems, including parts of the sensorimotor cortex associated with motor simulation. Simulation-related brain activity is commonly described as a ‘low-level’ component of empathy and social cognition. It remains unclear whether and how sensorimotor simulation contributes to complex empathic judgments. Here, we combine a naturalistic social paradigm with a reliable index of sensorimotor cortex-based simulation: electroencephalography suppression of oscillatory activity in the mu frequency band. We recruited participants to watch naturalistic video clips of people (‘targets’) describing emotional life events. In two experiments, participants viewed these clips (i) with video and sound, (ii) with only video or (iii) with only sound and provided continuous ratings of how they believed the target felt. We operationalized ‘empathic accuracy’ as the correlation between participants’ inferences and targets’ self-report. In Experiment 1 (US sample), across all conditions, right-lateralized mu suppression tracked empathic accuracy. In Experiment 2 (Israeli sample), this replicated only when using individualized frequency-bands and only for the visual stimuli. Our results provide novel evidence that sensorimotor representations—as measured through mu suppression—play a role not only in low-level motor simulation, but also in higher-level inferences about others’ emotions, especially when visual cues are crucial for accuracy.
Blessing applications: how does the court balance proper scrutiny with the principle of non-intervention?
Authors: Alexander Stephen , Hooper Katie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The supervisory court on a blessing application generally acts without cross-examination and full disclosure and, yet, must be satisfied as to the propriety of the trustee's decision before it bestows upon a trustee the armour of a blessing. How then is this to be achieved without that stringent testing of the trustee's evidence? Recent decisions of the Royal Court of Jersey indicate that the Court does not shy away from adopting an inquisitorial role itself, by interrogating the evidence and identifying any flaws in the trustee's decision. But is such an approach consistent with the principle of non-intervention on the part of the supervisory court? This article considers these thorny issues.
Identities of women who have an autoimmune rheumatic disease (ARD) during pregnancy planning, pregnancy and early parenting: A qualitative study
Authors: Williams Denitza , Pell Bethan , Grant Aimee , Sanders Julia , Taylor Ann , Edwards Adrian , Choy Ernest , Phillips Rhiannon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveWomen of reproductive age who have autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) have expressed a need to be better supported with making decisions about pregnancy. Women with ARDs want their motherhood identities and associated preferences to be taken into account in decisions about their healthcare. The aim of this study was to explore the interplay between illness and motherhood identities of women with ARDs during preconception decision making.MethodsTimeline-facilitated qualitative interviews with women diagnosed with an ARD (18-49 years old). Participants were purposively sampled based on the following three criteria: thinking about getting pregnant, currently pregnant, or had young children. Interviews were thematically analysed.ResultsTwenty-two women were interviewed face-to-face (N=6) or over the telephone (N=16). Interview length ranged from 20 minutes to 70 minutes, with a mean length of 48 minutes. Three main themes were identified: prioritisation, discrepancy, and trade-off. Difficulties in balancing multiple identities in healthcare encounters were reported. Women used ‘self-guides’ as a reference for priority setting in a dynamic process that shifted as their level of disease activity altered and as their motherhood identity became more or less of a focus at a given point in time. Women’s illness and motherhood identities did not present in isolation but were intertwined.ConclusionsFindings highlight the need for holistic person-centred care that supports women with the complex and emotive decisions relating to preconception decision-making. In practice, health professionals need to consider women’s multiple and sometimes conflicting identities, and include both their condition and family associated goals and values within healthcare communication.