bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Precision Medicine: Putting Drugs on Patient Cancer Cells and Seeing What Happens
Authors: Letai Anthony 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Summary:
For too long, assays exposing patient tumor cells to drugs to identify active therapies have been dismissed as ineffective. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, two groups independently demonstrate clinical utility of such functional precision medicine assays in hematologic malignancies.
See related article by Kornauth et al., p. 372.
See related article by Malani et al., p. 388.
Association of Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index With Adverse Cardiovascular Events Across a Hospital-Based Sample
Authors: Zern Emily K. , Wang Dongyu , Rambarat Paula , Bernard Samuel , Paniagua Samantha M. , Liu Elizabeth E. , McNeill Jenna , Wang Jessica K. , Andrews Carl T. , Pomerantsev Eugene V. , Picard Michael H. , Ho Jennifer E. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi), calculated from the ratio of the pulmonary artery pulse pressure to right atrial pressure, is a predictor of right ventricular failure after inferior myocardial infarction and left ventricular assist device implantation. Whether PAPi is associated with adverse outcomes across a heterogeneous population is unknown.

Methods:
We examined consecutive patients undergoing right heart catheterization between 2005 and 2016 in a hospital-based cohort. Multivariable Cox models were utilized to examine the association between PAPi and all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiac events, and heart failure hospitalizations.

Results:

We studied 8285 individuals (mean age 63 years, 39% women) with median PAPi across quartiles 1.7, 2.8, 4.2, and 8.7, who were followed over a mean follow-up of 6.7±3.3 years. Patients in the lowest PAPi quartile had a 60% greater risk of death compared with the highest quartile (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.36–1.88],
P
<0.001) and a higher risk of major adverse cardiac events and heart failure hospitalizations (hazard ratio, 1.80 [95% CI, 1.56–2.07],
P
<0.001 and hazard ratio, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.76–2.47],
P
<0.001, respectively). Of note, patients in quartiles 2 and 3 also had increased risk of cardiovascular events compared with quartile 4 (multivariable
P
<0.05 for all).

Conclusions:
Compared with the highest PAPi quartile, patients in PAPi quartiles 1 to 3 had a greater risk of all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiac events, and heart failure hospitalizations, with greatest risk observed in the lowest quartile. A low PAPi, even at values higher than previously reported, may serve an important role in identifying high-risk individuals across a broad spectrum of cardiovascular disease.
Diastolic Dysfunction Is Unmasked on Exercise in Patients With Asymptomatic, Severe Aortic Stenosis: An Invasive Hemodynamic Study
Authors: Kvaslerud Anette B. , Gude Einar , Eriksen Gunnar , Andreassen Arne K. , Gullestad Lars , Broch Kaspar 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Optimal timing of aortic valve replacement remains difficult in patients with asymptomatic, severe aortic stenosis (AS). More accurate diagnostic methods are warranted for the detection of subtle ventricular impairment. We aimed to evaluate diastolic function in asymptomatic patients with severe AS.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, patients with asymptomatic, severe AS were evaluated with right heart catheterization at rest and during moderate exercise. The patients also underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing to objectify functional capacity and confirm the absence of symptoms.

Results:

Between February 2019 and May 2021, we included 50 patients aged 70±12 years. The patients had severe AS with peak velocity 4.4±0.4 m/s, mean gradient 46±9 mm Hg, and an indexed valve area of 0.47±0.08 cm
2
at rest. All patients were asymptomatic and had normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Five patients had postcapillary pulmonary hypertension at rest. During exercise, 44 patients (88%) had an increase in the mean pulmonary artery pressure per increase in cardiac output of >3 mm Hg/L per minute, of whom 93% had a concomitant increase in the pulmonary artery wedge pressure per increase in cardiac output >2 mm Hg/L per minute, suggesting exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease. Female gender and increasing age were associated with a higher increase in the pulmonary artery wedge pressure per increase in cardiac output ratio. The catheterization was well tolerated, and there were no adverse events.

Conclusions:
A large proportion of asymptomatic patients with severe, degenerative AS have exercise-induced postcapillary pulmonary hypertension.
Inhibition of IL11 Signaling Reduces Aortic Pathology in Murine Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Lim Wei-Wen , Dong Jinrui , Ng Benjamin , Widjaja Anissa A. , Xie Chen , Su Liping , Kwek Xiu-Yi , Tee Nicole G.Z. , Jian Pua Chee , Schafer Sebastian , Viswanathan Sivakumar , Cook Stuart A. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is associated with TGF (transforming growth factor) β–stimulated ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) activity in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which adopt a mixed synthetic/contractile phenotype. In VSMCs, TGFβ induces IL (interleukin) 11) that stimulates ERK-dependent secretion of collagens and MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases). Here, we examined the role of IL11 in the MFS aorta.

Methods:

We used echocardiography, histology, immunostaining, and biochemical methods to study aortic anatomy, physiology, and molecular endophenotypes in
Fbn1
C1041G/+
mice, an established murine model of MFS (mMFS). mMFS mice were crossed to an IL11-tagged EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein;
Il11
EGFP/+
) reporter strain or to a strain deleted for the IL11 receptor (
Il11ra1
−/−
). In therapeutic studies, mMFS were administered an X209 (neutralizing antibody against IL11RA [IL11 receptor subunit alpha]) or IgG for 20 weeks and imaged longitudinally.

Results:

IL11 mRNA and protein were elevated in the aortas of mMFS mice, as compared to controls. mMFS mice crossed to
Il11
EGFP/+
mice had increased IL11 expression in VSMCs, notably in the aortic root and ascending aorta. As compared to the mMFS parental strain, double mutant mMFS:
Il11ra1
−/
−
mice had reduced aortic dilatation and exhibited lesser fibrosis, inflammation, elastin breaks, and VSMC loss, which was associated with reduced aortic COL1A1 (collagen type I alpha 1 chain), IL11, MMP2/9, and phospho-ERK expression. To explore therapeutic targeting of IL11 signaling in MFS, we administered either a neutralizing antibody against IL11RA (X209) or an IgG control. After 20 weeks of antibody administration, as compared to IgG, mMFS mice receiving X209 had reduced thoracic and abdominal aortic dilation as well as lesser fibrosis, inflammation, elastin breaks, and VSMC loss. By immunoblotting, X209 was shown to reduce aortic COL1A1, IL11, MMP2/9, and phospho-ERK expression.

Conclusions:
In MFS, IL11 is upregulated in aortic VSMCs to cause ERK-related thoracic aortic dilatation, inflammation, and fibrosis. Therapeutic inhibition of IL11, imminent in clinical trials, might be considered as a new approach in MFS.
Insights into insect cognition through mirror-induced behaviour in paper wasps
Authors: Riojas-Schnier J.L. , Toth A.L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mirror studies have uncovered evidence for self-awareness in several non-human animals; however, this approach has not been extended to invertebrates. Here, we examined mirror responses of Polistes paper wasps, insects with high social cognitive abilities. We used a highly replicated design, exposing wasps to mirror self-recognition (MSR) test stimuli (mirror, facial marking) and several control stimuli (non-reflective surfaces, invisible marks, and sham marks). We found that nest-founding queen wasps respond to mirrors with increases in antennation and touching over non-reflective surfaces. Visible marks also resulted in more exploratory behaviours (antennating and touching the mirror), but decreases in self-directed behaviours typically used as indicators of MSR. While this experiment does not support the notion that wasps possess self-awareness, it shows that wasps respond to subtle alterations in their visual environment and appearance with exploratory behaviour. This work thus increases our understanding of insects’ cognitive abilities, suggesting high levels of perceptual richness.
Integral Drama Based Pedagogy as a Practice of Integral Education: Facilitating the Journey of Personal Transformation
Authors: Ma Liwen , Subbiondo Joseph L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, we explore the interrelationship of theory and practice by focusing on the practice of Integral Drama Based Pedagogy (idbp) by tracing its theoretical framework of Wang Yamgming (1472–1529) on its conception, and the theoretical influence of Sri Aurobindo (1872–1950) on its development. In the works of Wang Yangming and Aurobindo, a theory of Integral Education emerges that contributes to an increasing transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary evolution in education in primary, secondary, and higher education. Our intention is to discuss the interrelationship between two educational approaches that are directed toward the student’s personal transformation – Integral Education and Integral Drama Based Pedagogy – and to show that their complementarity has had a positive mutual influence. In addition, we include references to the works of Donald Winnicott and his contemporaries on the expansion of idbp. Lastly, we provide an example of a course component of idbp, a teaching of the poem “Journey” by Mary Oliver.
Determination of Soil Constituents Using Shifted Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy
Authors: Sowoidnich Kay , Vogel Sebastian , Maiwald Martin , Sumpf Bernd 
Published: February 2022

Soil analysis to estimate soil fertility parameters is of great importance for precision agriculture but nowadays it still relies mainly on complex and time-consuming laboratory methods. Optical measurement techniques can provide a suitable alternative. Raman spectroscopy is of particular interest due to its ability to provide a molecular fingerprint of individual soil components. To overcome the major issue of strong fluorescence interference inherent to soil, we applied shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) using an in-house-developed dual-wavelength diode laser emitting at 785.2 and 784.6 nm. To account for the intrinsic heterogeneity of soil components at the millimeter scale, a raster scan with 100 individual measurement positions has been applied. Characteristic Raman signals of inorganic (quartz, feldspar, anatase, and calcite) and organic (amorphous carbon) constituents within the soil could be recovered from intense background interference. For the first time, the molecule-specific information derived by SERDS combined with partial least squares regression was demonstrated for the prediction of the soil organic matter content (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.82 and root mean square error of cross validation RMSECV = 0.41%) as important soil fertility parameter within a set of 33 soil specimens collected from an agricultural field in northeast Germany.
A New Simple Analytical Method for a Highly Accurate Determination of the Optical Parameters of a Slab from Transmittance Data
Authors: Mai Huy V. , Jaffré Alexandre , Doan Khai M. , Trinh Thien D. , Schneegans Olivier 
Published: February 2022

To date, determining with high accuracy the optical parameters (extinction coefficient k and refractive index n) of a slab from the sole transmittance data requires an inverse method based on numerical iteration procedures. In this paper, we propose a new inverse analytical method of extracting ( k, n) without numerical iterative processes. The high accuracy of this new inverse method is assessed, and as an application example, the optical parameters of CaF2 and Si substrates are determined in the IR spectral range of 4–8 µm.
Acceptance of Saliva-Based Specimen Collection for SARS-CoV-2 Testing Among K-12 Students, Teachers, and Staff
Authors: McLaughlin Heather P. , Worrell Mary Claire , Malone Sara , Dawson Patrick , Maricque Brett , Halpin Jessica L. , Lee Sooji , Fritz Stephanie A. , Tinker Sarah C. , Neidich Julie A. , Towns Katie , Lee Justin S. , Barrios Lisa C. , Neatherlin John C. , Newland Jason G. , Salzer Johanna S. ,   SARS-CoV-2 Specimen Collection Field Team
Published: February 2022

Objective: Saliva specimens collected in school populations may offer a more feasible, noninvasive alternative to nasal swabs for large-scale COVID-19 testing efforts in kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) schools. We investigated acceptance of saliva-based COVID-19 testing among quarantined K-12 students and their parents, teachers, and staff members who recently experienced a SARS-CoV-2 exposure in school. Methods: We surveyed 719 participants, in person or by telephone, who agreed to or declined a free saliva-based COVID-19 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction test as part of a surveillance investigation about whether they would have consented to testing if offered a nasal swab instead. We conducted this investigation in 6 school districts in Greene County (n = 3) and St. Louis County (n = 3), Missouri, from January 25 through March 23, 2021. Results: More than one-third (160 of 446) of K-12 students (or their parents or guardians), teachers, and staff members who agreed to a saliva-based COVID-19 test indicated they would have declined testing if specimen collection were by nasal swab. When stratified by school level, 51% (67 of 132) of elementary school students or their parents or guardians would not have agreed to testing if a nasal swab was offered. Conclusions: Some students, especially those in elementary school, preferred saliva-based COVID-19 testing to nasal swab testing. Use of saliva-based testing might increase voluntary participation in screening efforts in K-12 schools to help prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
“I Had Never Been Exposed to Teaching like That”: Progressive Teacher Education at Bank Street during the 1930s
Authors: Grinberg Jaime Gerardo Alberto 
Published: February 2022

What happens in a teacher education program when control is neither exercised by formal professional or state standards nor by traditional dominant “disabling” market influences (Labaree, 1994)? To answer this question, the focus of this paper is on looking at teacher education through the lenses of pedagogical practices and discourses not in traditional institutions such as normal schools, colleges, and universities but in an alternative institution. Thus, this paper presents detailed accounts and analyzes the practice of the preparation of teachers in a progressive program during the 1930s in New York at Bank Street College of Education. Mostly, these accounts are grounded in the participants’ perspectives, providing data about how this progressive teacher-education program was experienced, and in particular on Lucy Sprague Mitchell's teaching based on data especially composed to describe two courses: (1)Environment (a mix of what today can be called social foundations and social studies methods) and (2)Language (mostly about the writing process). Bank Street, initially called the Cooperative for Student Teachers and intrinsically connected with experimental schools and a well-known institution among practitioners and progressive educators, was formed in 1930, which were times with heavy ideological discussion given the social and economic American and international contexts. Teaching at Bank Street centered on making experience a subject matter of study, while making connections between learning about children, the self, the world (the social contexts), and schooling, to foster progressive practices in the classroom. This case about pedagogical practices suggest a need to pay closer attention to the teaching of progressive teachers as an important aspect of learning to teach and teacher education improvement beyond dominant discussions about standards, organization, regulations and control of teacher education. This paper shows that it was possible to have a highly intellectual and inquiry-oriented teacher-education program, with a rigorous study of experience, with passion to understand children, subject matter, social contexts, and the self, and with a commitment to justice.
Teaching for Understanding in the Disciplines—and Beyond
Authors: Gardner Howard , Boix-Mansilla Veronica 
Published: February 2022

Current debates around the organization of precollegiate curriculum have directed considerable criticism at the dominant role assumed by subject matter or disciplines. Criticisms have ranged from a call for interdisciplinary or theme-based curricula to an emphasis on ”ways of knowing,” or “learning styles” as organizing units that replace disciplinary knowledge. In this article, while acknowledging the merit of some of the critique, we propose a positive view of disciplinary knowledge. We claim that, over the years, knowledgeable human beings working in specific domains have developed concepts, methods, and perspectives as means of better understanding the physical, biological, and social worlds around us. We find students’ access to these disciplinary tools to be an indispensable ingredient of quality education. Shorn of disciplines we become intellectual barbarians. Unfortunately, genuine understanding in the disciplines has proven hard to attain. After reviewing accumulated evidence of the enduring power of the “predisciplinary” mind, we sketch an educational approach designed to engender effective understanding within and across the disciplines. We illustrate this sketch with preliminary results from a study in which teachers attempt to enhance student understanding across the disciplines. In conclusion, we examine the practical difficulties that arise in attempting to educate for understanding and indicate how some of these obstacles might be dealt with.
Serious Play
Authors: Mann Dale 
Published: February 2022

Reformers are stuck on interventions centered on the schooling institution and the act of formal instruction. The meager results should prompt us to look elsewhere. Play is an active learning method far more powerful than its passive cousin. entertainment. Children play for the experience of control, for curiosity, for (he intrinsic motivation of fun, and to learn. The types of play—sensory motor, dramatic symbolic, games with rules—are nicely intertwined with developmental stages. The activity grows the brain, lubricates action, and previews later life. Among the more important gams is a facilitation of symbolic manipulation. Play is underutilized as a learning strategy and nearly completely ignored by reformers despite the hundreds of empirical citations documenting its power in cognitive development, language development, the growth of imagination and creativity, and the development of social competence. With the benefits of play so firmly established, we should find ways to overcome the economic and political obstacles to harnessing play to reform.
Chapter II: Writing for Readers: The Primacy of Audience in Composing
Authors: Rubin Donald L. 
Published: February 2022

Welcome to our chapter. I use “our” because in some very important ways you and I will be co-constructing this text. In fact, we're already underway. You have already started, no doubt, thinking about me, your author. And I have been thinking long and hard (too long, my editors would probably say) about you, my audience. As I compose, read, and recompose the words I have set out for you to read, I am ever trying to anticipate how you will react. I am trying to write and read through your eyes as well as through my own. I am trying to assay whether your responses will match my intentions. If some of my assumptions miss the mark about you as a reader, I hope you will nonetheless find a way to temporarily inhabit the roles and attitudes I am inviting you to try on, and in that way become the audience for this chapter.
The value of CT-based radiomics in early assessment of chemotherapeutic effect in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma: a preliminary study
Authors: Lin Xi , Wang Huaming , Chen Jiayou , Lu Tao , Zheng Dechun , Chen Ying , Chen Yunbin 
Published: February 2022

Background Computed tomography (CT) is the preferred method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of lung cancer. Radiomics parameters can provide a lot of supplementary information for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Purpose To investigate the value of radiomics features of CT imaging to predict and evaluate the early efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Material and Methods A total of 101 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled. Patients were classified into a response group and non-response group according to RECIST 1.1 standard. All patients underwent chest CT examination before and after two cycles of chemotherapy. A total of 293 radiomics features were calculated. The features between response group and non-response group were compared before and after chemotherapy. The diagnostic efficacy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results The six pre-chemotherapy radiomics features were selected, with area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity at 0.720, 68.3%, and 69.0% in the training group and 0.573, 50.0%, and 76.9% in the test group, respectively. The eleven post-chemotherapy radiomics features were selected, with AUC, sensitivity, specificity at 0.789, 75.6%, and 75.9% in the training group and 0.718, 61.1%, and 76.9% in the test group, respectively. The prognostic value of △f8, △f16, %f8, and %f16 were higher than the other features with AUCs of 0.787, 0.837, 0.763, and 0.877, respectively. Conclusion Radiomics is expected to provide more valuable information for evaluating the chemotherapy efficacy of lung adenocarcinoma.
Value of multi-slice spiral computerized tomography for diagnosis of synchronous colorectal carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Bin , Gan Zhonghua , Liu Shulan , Li Mingxia , Si Guangyan , He Qizhou 
Published: February 2022

Objective To compare the accuracy of multi-slice spiral computerized tomography (MSCT) with colonoscopy for diagnosing synchronous colorectal carcinoma (SCC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive patients admitted to our institution with colorectal carcinoma between 19 September 2014 and 31 January 2020. Data on SCC patients who had undergone MSCT and colonoscopy were analyzed. Information on tumor location, tumor size, missed diagnosis by MSCT or colonoscopy, T stage, pathological type, and reasons for missed diagnosis was recorded and used to assess the diagnostic accuracies of MSCT and colonoscopy. Results Twenty-three cases met the inclusion criteria. MSCT plus colonoscopy had a significantly higher diagnostic accuracy (93.5%) than colonoscopy alone. There were significant differences in missed diagnosis rates of proximal cancer (34.8%) and distal cancer (4.3%) by colonoscopy. For MSCT, the missed diagnosis rate for tumors with a median long diameter of 1.25 cm (interquartile range 0.80, 1.50) was significantly lower than that for larger tumors (long diameter 4.00 cm; 3.00, 6.00). Conclusions MSCT is a valuable diagnostic tool for SCC that can effectively minimize the missed diagnosis rate of primary tumors when combined with colonoscopy.