bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trial registration and time to publication in a retrospective cohort of publicly funded randomised controlled trials in New Zealand 1999–2017
Authors: Jull Andrew , Walker Natalie 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo determine how quickly randomised controlled trials funded by the Health Research Council of New Zealand (HRC) were registered and published, and whether time to publication differed by trial result.DesignWe created a retrospective cohort of trials offered funding from 1999 to 2017 by seeking lists of candidate studies using the Official Information Act 1982. These lists were supplemented by searching the HRC’s online research repository and an open-access database on Figshare. One investigator searched for trial registrations and for dissemination using electronic databases, university websites and ResearchGate. One investigator extracted data from the obtained studies and a second investigator independently corroborated the data entry from a 10% random sample.ResultsWe identified 258 trials that were offered funding, 252 trials were conducted and 229 (90.9%) were registered, 179 prospectively by the date of the final search (24 March 2022). Overall, 236 trials were completed by the date of the last search and in 209 (88.6%) trials the results had been disseminated, 200 (84.7%) of which were by journal publication. We obtained the results for 214 trials, 91 (42.5%) of which were positive, 120 (56.1%) of which were null and 3 (1.4%) of which were negative. Median time to publication was 22.7 months for positive trials and 21.5 months for combined null or negative trials (log rank test p=0.83). Median time since trial completion in the trials that had not been published was 43.6 months (IQR 17.1–108.2 months).ConclusionsBetween 1999 and 2017, almost 9 out of every 10 HRC-funded trials had been registered and a similar proportion of completed trials had been published with no difference in time to publication based on type of result. However, only a slim majority of trials had published within the 2-year time frame set by the WHO.
Association between visual status and the frequency of laughterin older Japanese individuals: the JAGES cross-sectional study
Authors: Inoue Akira , Hiratsuka Yoshimune , Takesue Atsuhide , Aida Jun , Kondo Katsunori , Murakami Akira 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveAlthough the beneficial effects of laughter are abundantly reported, the physical function that is required as a premise for laughter has not been studied. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between visual status and frequency of laughter in a population-based sample of older adults.Methods and analysisWe analysed cross-sectional data of community-dwelling independent individuals aged ≥65 years (n=19 452) in Japan. The outcomes were frequency of laughter and number of opportunities to laugh. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis with multiple imputations to investigate the association between visual status and laughter.ResultsThe number of participants who laughed almost every day was 8197 (42.1%). After adjusting for individual covariates in the multivariable logistic regression analysis with multiple imputations, visual status was found to be significantly associated with the frequency of laugher and the number of opportunities to laugh (p for trend <0.01). Compare to ‘normal vision’, while excellent/very good vision was associated with increased frequency and number of opportunities to laugh (ORs: 1.72 and 1.25, respectively), poor vision decreased the frequency and number of opportunities to laugh (ORs: 0.86 and 0.87, respectively).ConclusionsThere is a link between visual impairment and laughter, with poor vision having a negative impact while good vision has a positive effect. Improving vision may lead to laughter promotion.
Development of anti-somatostatin receptors CAR T cells for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Mandriani Barbara , Pellè Eleonora , Mannavola Francesco , Palazzo Antonio , Marsano Renè Massimiliano , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Cazzato Gerardo , Ramello Maria Cecilia , Porta Camillo , Strosberg Jonathan , Abate-Daga Daniel , Cives Mauro 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundNeuroendocrine tumors (NETs) overexpress somatostatin receptors (SSTRs).MethodsWe developed a second-generation, ligand-based, anti-SSTR chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) incorporating the somatostatin analog octreotide in its extracellular moiety.ResultsAnti-SSTR CAR T cells exerted antitumor activity against SSTR+NET cell linesin vitro. The killing activity was highly specific, as demonstrated by the lack of CAR T cell reactivity against NET cells engineered to express mutated variants of SSTR2/5 by CRISPR/Cas9. When adoptively transferred in NSG mice, anti-SSTR CAR T cells induced significant antitumor activity against human NET xenografts. Although anti-SSTR CAR T cells could recognize the murine SSTRs as shown by their killing ability against murine NET cells, no obvious deleterious effects on SSTR-expressing organs such as the brain or the pancreas were observed in mice.ConclusionsTaken together, our results establish anti-SSTR CAR T cells as a potential candidate for early phase clinical investigations in patients with NETs. More broadly, the demonstration that a known peptide drug can direct CAR T cell targeting may streamline the potential utility of multiple peptide motifs and provide a blueprint for therapeutic applications in a variety of cancers.
Measures of intracranial compartments in acute intracerebral haemorrhage: data from the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl Trinitrate in Hypertensive Stroke-2 Trial (RIGHT-2)
Authors: Krishnan Kailash , Law Zhe Kang , Woodhouse Lisa J , Dineen Rob A , Sprigg Nikola , Wardlaw Joanna M , Bath Philip M 
Published: October 2022

Background and purposeIntracerebral haemorrhage volume (ICHV) is prognostically important but does not account for intracranial volume (ICV) and cerebral parenchymal volume (CPV). We assessed measures of intracranial compartments in acute ICH using computerised tomography scans and whether ICHV/ICV and ICHV/CPV predict functional outcomes. We also assessed if cistern effacement, midline shift, old infarcts, leukoaraiosis and brain atrophy were associated with outcomes.MethodsData from 133 participants from the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl Trinitrate in Hypertensive Stroke-2 Trial trial were analysed. Measures included ICHV (using ABC/2) and ICV (XYZ/2) (by independent observers); ICHV, ICV and CPV (semiautomated segmentation, SAS); atrophy (intercaudate distance, ICD, Sylvian fissure ratio, SFR); midline shift; leukoaraiosis and cistern effacement (visual assessment). The effects of these measures on death at day 4 and poor functional outcome at day 90 (modified Rankin scale, mRS of >3) was assessed.ResultsICV was significantly different between XYZ and SAS: mean (SD) of 1357 (219) vs 1420 (196), mean difference (MD) 62 mL (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in ICHV between ABC/2 and SAS. There was very good agreement for ICV measured by SAS, CPV, ICD, SFR, leukoaraiosis and cistern score (all interclass correlations, n=10: interobserver 0.72-0.99, intraobserver 0.73-1.00). ICHV/ICV and ICHV/CPV were significantly associated with mRS at day 90, death at day 4 and acute neurological deterioration (all p<0.05), similar to ICHV. Midline shift and cistern effacement at baseline were associated with poor functional outcome but old infarcts, leukoaraiosis and brain atrophy were not.ConclusionsIntracranial compartment measures and visual estimates are reproducible. ICHV adjusted for ICH and CPV could be useful to prognosticate in acute stroke. The presence of midline shift and cistern effacement may predict outcome but the mechanisms need validation in larger studies.
Researchers and their data: A study based on the use of the worddatain scholarly articles
Authors: Bordignon Frédérique , Maisonobe Marion 
Published: October 2022

AbstractData is one of the most used terms in scientific vocabulary. This article focuses on the relationship between data and research by analyzing the contexts of occurrence of the word data in a corpus of 72,471 research articles (1980–2012) from two distinct fields (Social sciences, Physical sciences). The aim is to shed light on the issues raised by research on data, namely the difficulty of defining what is considered as data, the transformations that data undergo during the research process, and how they gain value for researchers who hold them. Relying on the distribution of occurrences throughout the texts and over time, it demonstrates that the word data mostly occurs at the beginning and end of research articles. Adjectives and verbs accompanying the noun data turn out to be even more important than data itself in specifying data. The increase in the use of possessive pronouns at the end of the articles reveals that authors tend to claim ownership of their data at the very end of the research process. Our research demonstrates that even if data-handling operations are increasingly frequent, they are still described with imprecise verbs that do not reflect the complexity of these transformations.
The History and Deep Time of Climate Crisis
Authors: Power Amanda 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A question that is not widely asked, but perhaps should be, is: how responsible are historians for today’s threats to much of life on earth? What part has been played by western historical constructions of the human past, the sense of temporality and meaning on which it has been based, and the ethical imperatives it encodes? In what ways has the modern, professionalised discipline, with its roots in Judeo-Christian universalism and ideas of historical exceptionalism, together with European imperial, enlightenment, and nationalist projects, taken possession of deep time and used it to delegitimise other ways of thinking about humans and the planetary past? How can thinking with deep time help historians to undo westernised modernity’s tight grip on space and time, and craft approaches to the past that give urgently needed room to all life and non-life, relationships, and possibilities?
Social Accountability in Challenging Environments: Case Studies from Egypt
Authors: Khodary Yasmin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Through deploying the 2015 World Bank framework of contextual drivers for social accountability, this article seeks to examine three recent social accountability initiatives (sais) in the agriculture, health, and local development sectors in Egypt to identify the contextual drivers and success factors of sais operating in challenging environments. The article aims to answer the following questions: what roles do recent sais in Egypt play? What are the challenges that sais encounter? And how do such challenges (re)shape the processes and dynamics of sais? The article finds that in challenging environments–where invited spaces are controlled, citizens’ collective action is limited, and commitment by state-officials is not guaranteed–the role of interlocutors becomes key in boosting the effectiveness of sais. It plays the role of a mediator, mobilizer to citizen and state action, and information intermediary, which generates, simplifies, and disseminates information. In this sense, this article draws on the critical missing link in sais through an in-depth analysis of the role of interlocutors in overcoming challenging or constraining circumstances.
‘The Hagia Sophia Cause’ and the Emergence of Ottomanism in the 1950s
Authors: Azak Umut 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Focusing on the symbolism of the Hagia Sophia for the conservative nationalist movement, this article examines the emergence of Ottomanism as an attempted challenge to the Kemalist reading of Ottoman history. The Hagia Sophia, the former imperial church that was converted into a mosque by Sultan Mehmed ii and served as the imperial mosque of the Ottomans, lost its religious function and was opened as a museum in 1934 by governmental decision. This ‘secularization’ of the building could be openly criticized especially after the transition to multiparty democracy in the late 1940s. Demands for reconverting the museum into a mosque were gradually transformed into public campaigns led by the protagonists of the conservative nationalist movement. This article analyses these campaigns as reflected in the printed press from the 1950s onwards and explores how the Hagia Sophia has since been instrumentalized for the reproduction of a xenophobic, anti-Western, Islamic and Ottomanist nationalism.
Khmer onset voicing at the end of the 13th century
Authors: MASPONG Sireemas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Khmer displays extensive diachronic phonological restructuring (Huffman, 1976), especially in the realization of initial stops. These changes include (i) devoicing and merger of voiced and voiceless stops, and (ii) the emergence of implosives from pre-vocalic voiceless stops. However, the details and the chronology of these changes remain unclear in many respects. This paper proposes a chronology of the two changes based on philological evidence: Chinese transcriptions of Khmer words in the Zhēnlà Fēngtǔ Jì (ZFTJ), a travel account from the late 13th century. Previous research on ZFTJ by Pelliot (1951) suggested that implosives had already emerged at the time of transcription, while the merger of voiced and voiceless stops had at least started. This is at odds with the general view of Khmer language history. I motivate a revised analysis of the Khmer transcriptions in the ZFTJ and show that the devoicing and merger of voiced and voiceless stops in fact had not yet occurred at the end of the 13th century. There is, however, not enough evidence from ZFTJ to confirm whether implosives had already emerged.
A Mamluk Pen Box Connected to the Thousand and One Nights and the Historian Ibn ʿAbd al-Zahir
Authors: Behrens-Abouseif Doris 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The article discusses a remarkable Mamluk pen box in the Louvre, focusing on its inscriptions, which consist of three poems: one by the historian Muhyi ’l-Din Ibn ʿAbd al-Zahir, another by his son Taj al-Din, and a third, anonymous poem cited in a tale of The 1001 Nights. The article tries to trace the history of the pen box and reconstruct its original layout.
Discrimination of Brief Empty Time Intervals when the First Marker Is Tactile
Authors: Azari Leila , Drouin Joanie , Plante Guillaume , Grondin Simon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The present study investigated the discrimination of brief empty time intervals and compared three different sensory modality conditions for marking time: when two successive signals are tactile (intramodal condition, TT), and when a first tactile signal is followed by a either a visual (V) or an auditory (A) signal (intermodal conditions: TV and TA). Twelve participants completed a bisection task over the course of eight experimental sessions. Three factors were manipulated: the marker modality (TT, TV, and TA), the duration range (300 and 900 ms), and the preparation (certainty, uncertainty). In the latter case, participants knew that the first marker was T, but were uncertain about the modality of the second marker. In general, TT intervals were better discriminated than intermodal intervals at 300 ms, but this effect fades at 900 ms. No difference in the discrimination level was observed between the intermodal conditions. For the perceived duration, there was no difference between TT and TA conditions, but the TV intervals were perceived as longer than the TT intervals. As well, the TV intervals were perceived as longer than the TA intervals. These results are interpreted in terms of attentional and sensory effects caused by the signals themselves (onset and alerting properties, prior entry).
Humanitarianism’s New Business Model
Authors: Barnett Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
There has been a transformation in the relationship between the corporate and humanitarian worlds over the last two decades, as the humanitarian sector has integrated a corporate mentality that would have once been viewed as downright deplorable by humanitarian actors. The search for a “new business model” is symbolic of the times. After situating the historical moment in terms of the relationship between humanitarianism and neoliberalism, the article examines three defining elements of this model: humanitarian finance; the role of corporations and markets for addressing life-threatening circumstances; and a business-oriented rationalization. These developments can constrain and possibly soil the legitimacy of humanitarianism. They might also alter humanitarianism’s practices and distort what humanitarian is. Such concerns raise the sociological question of: what function does humanitarianism play in the world order? Where does humanitarianism’s new business model fit?
China’s “New Philanthropy”: Cultivating Elite Chinese Philanthropists
Authors: Crane Elizabeth H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Faced with glaring economic inequality within China, and the need to grow soft power globally, president Xi Jinping has identified the urgent need to usher in a “new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,” and has specifically called for the expansion of “xin cishan” (新慈善), or “new philanthropy.” Both as a new phenomenon in the prc, and as a novel type, “new philanthropy” represents an opportunity for the nation to envision and cultivate charitable practice that mediates between market economics and socialist ethics, and grants China a moral authority that is legible to a Western gaze yet resistant to cultural imperialism. Based on yearlong ethnographic research inside an elite philanthropy training program, this article outlines three different visions that were found to coexist: philanthropy-as-new-revolution, philanthropy-as-new-legacy, and philanthropy-as-new-tradition. I also examine how wealthy participants responded to these various interpellations—part of a process I call “philanthropic subjectification.”
Judgment, Doubt, and Self-Doubt: A Reflexive Turn from the Borderland of Lampedusa
Authors: Corso Alessandro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As borders kill under the premises of saving lives and distributing order, border regimes emerge in everyday life as sites of uncertainty, fragility, and doubt. The paper explores the spaces of uncertainty that pervade everyday life at the borderlands of Europe with a particular focus on the island of Lampedusa (Italy), and it deploys doubt as an analytical tool to produce a reflexive turn in border studies. From an autoethnographic perspective, it calls for a re-evaluation of the directions we take as scholars when we think and write about borders. By exploring the potential of selfreflection as a path for knowledge of the "other", the paper suggests a shift in gaze which builds on judgment and self-dialogue as forms of responsibility.
The ECtHR’s Decision to Dismiss the First Request Submitted Under Article 29 of the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine
Authors: Asta Gabriele 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The present article is aimed at critically assessing the ECtHR’s decision to dismiss the first request submitted under Article 29 of the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (“Oviedo Convention”) by the Council of Europe’s Committee on Bioethics, for the purpose of clarifying certain aspects of the interpretation of Article 7 of the Oviedo Convention. While the ECtHR ultimately decided not to render the advisory opinion on the grounds that it would be outside its competence, the decision is of interest because it nonetheless was an occasion for the Court to assert in general terms its jurisdiction under Article 29 of the Oviedo Convention and to define the contours of its advisory competence. Yet, it will be argued that the Court’s reasoning is rather unconvincing, if not mistaken, and that it ultimately results in an unclear definition of the boundaries of its jurisdiction. The lack of clarity is further exacerbated by the fact that the Court seems to have treated as questions of competence some issues that most likely would have had to be addressed within the framework of propriety. This aspect will appear rather distinctly if one compares the ECtHR’s approach to the solutions adopted by other international courts and tribunals. This comparison will also be useful in order to suggest an alternative path that the Court could have followed, and which would have not only represented a more correct and coherent reasoning but also avoided the likely outcome of its decision, that is putting its advisory competence under the Oviedo Convention back in the attic.
Near-Inertial Surface Currents around Islands
Authors: Siegelman Mika N. , Firing Eric , Merrifield Mark A. , Becker Janet M. , Musgrave Ruth C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Motivated by observations of enhanced near-inertial currents at the island chain of Palau, the modification of wind-generated near-inertial oscillations (NIOs) by the presence of an island is examined using the analytic solutions of Longuet-Higgins and a linear, inviscid, 1.5-layer reduced-gravity model. The analytic solution for oscillations at the inertial frequency f provides insights into flow adjustment near the island but excludes wave dynamics. To account for wave motion, the numerical model initially is forced by a large-scale wind field rotating at f, where the forcing is increased then decreased to zero. Numerical simulations are carried out over a range of island radii and the ocean response detailed. Near the island, wind energy in the frequency band near f can excite subinertial island-trapped waves and superinertial Poincaré waves. In the small-island limit, both the Poincaré waves and the island-trapped waves are very near f, and their sum resembles the Longuet-Higgins analytic solution but with increased amplitude near the island. The flow field can be viewed as primarily a far-field NIO locally deflected by the island plus an island-trapped contribution, leading to enhanced near-inertial currents near the island, on the scale of the island radius. As the island size is increased, the island-trapped wave frequency deviates further from f and its amplitude depends strongly on the frequency bandwidth and wavenumber structure of the wind forcing. In the large-island limit, the island-trapped wave resembles a Kelvin wave, and the sum of incident and reflected Poincaré waves suppresses the near-inertial current amplitude near the island.

Significance Statement
Strong, impulsive winds over the ocean excite currents that rotate in the opposite direction to Earth’s rotation. This work examines how these wind-generated currents, known as near-inertial oscillations (NIOs), are modified by the presence of an island. Around small islands, the primary response is locally enhanced near-inertial currents. Alternatively, around large islands, near-inertial currents are weaker. Understanding how these currents behave should provide insight into the physical processes that drive current variability near islands and spur local mixing.
How I manage inpatient consultations for quantitative neutrophil abnormalities in adults
Authors: Zon Rebecca L. , Berliner Nancy 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Neutrophilia and neutropenia commonly lead to inpatient hematology consultation. Quantitative neutrophil abnormalities have a broad differential and include diagnoses that are important to recognize because they may be associated with increased mortality. Neutrophilia can reflect etiologies such as infection, medications, inflammation, splenectomy, and congenital disorders. Neutropenia can arise from infection, medications, autoimmune destruction, sequestration, nutritional deficiency, malignancy, and congenital neutropenia syndromes. In the evaluation of all abnormalities of neutrophil number, the timing of the change, and the patient’s historical neutrophil count are crucial.