bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composite Analysis of Aerosol Direct Radiative Effects on Meteorology During Wintertime Severe Haze Events in the North China Plain
Authors: Gao Yucheng , Liao Hong , Chen Haishan , Zhu Bin , Hu Jianlin , Ge Xinlei , Chen Lei , Li Jiandong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrevious studies on the impacts of severe haze episode on meteorology were generally focused on single episodes. This study aimed to obtain the common features of the influence of aerosol direct radiative effects on meteorology during severe particulate pollution events by composite analyses on model results from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with online chemistry. Five heavily polluted events (15–17 January 2014, 13–15 January 2015, 8–10 December 2015, 21–23 December 2015, and 29–31 December 2016) in the North China Plain (NCP, 35.4–41.2°N, 113.3–119.3°E) were selected, which were representative of the most frequently observed weather patterns for severe haze. Model results showed that aerosols in the five heavily polluted events led to strong negative changes in radiative flux of 52.1–86.7 W m−2, reductions in the 2‐m temperature by 0.28–0.97°C, and the reductions in planetary boundary layer heights by 23.1–58.5 m, when averaged over the areas with PM2.5 concentrations >150 μg m−3. The magnitudes of aerosol induced changes in the 2‐m temperature were found to be influenced not only by aerosol concentration but also by wind speed, wind direction, and the convergence or divergence of winds. High wind speed diluted the aerosol‐induced cooling, the convergence of wind limited the temperature change to local area, and the intrusion of cold air mass near the surface enhanced the aerosol‐induced cooling. In all the cases, aerosols induced an anti‐cyclone at 500 hPa around NCP and anomalous northerlies or northeasterlies at the surface in the eastern NCP.
Pore Space Deformation and Its Implications for Two‐Phase Flow Through Porous Media: A Micro‐Scale Experimental Investigation
Authors: Wang Rui , Arshadi Maziar , Zankoor Ahmed , Piri Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPore space deformation may significantly affect the behavior of multiphase flow through porous media, leading to changes in the effective permeability, relative permeability, and fluid distributions. However, due to the lack of fundamental studies on the mechanisms correlating the pore‐level fluid displacements with the pore space deformation, no compelling conclusions have been reached to account for the observed effects. To explore this correlation, we performed a series of two‐phase (oil/brine) flow experiments on a miniature water‐wet sandpack under various stress conditions, while imaging the pore space and pore fluid configurations using high‐resolution x‐ray microtomography. We investigated the impacts of pore space contraction on the frequency of different pore‐scale fluid displacement mechanisms, as well as the subsequent changes in the fluid saturation and distribution during the drainage and imbibition processes. Variations in the in‐situ capillary pressure with pore space contraction were also examined to further interpret the impacts on fluid displacements. Furthermore, we predicted changes in the relative permeabilities by integrating the end‐point relative permeabilities computed through direct simulations and the end‐point saturations measured from x‐ray images. Our results reveal that the impacts of the pore space deformation on the occupancies of the wetting and non‐wetting phases were distinct. Additionally, the hydraulic conductivity to the wetting phase was more sensitive to the pore space deformation than that to the non‐wetting phase because of their topologically different distributions in the pore space. Consequently, after compression, the relative permeability of the wetting phase decreased, while that of the non‐wetting phase increased.
A platform for blue-luminescent carbon-centered radicals
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Yi-Lin , Chen Chan , Ren Yan-Yan , Han Ying-Feng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrganic radicals, which have unique doublet spin-configuration, provide an alternative method to overcome the efficiency limitation of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on conventional fluorescent organic molecules. Further, they have made great breakthroughs in deep-red and near-infrared OLEDs. However, it is difficult to extend their fluorescence into a short-wavelength region because of the natural narrow bandgap of the organic radicals. Herein, we significantly expand the scope of luminescent radicals by showing a new platform of carbon-centered radicals derived from N-heterocyclic carbenes that produce blue to green emissions (444–529 nm). Time-dependent density functional theory calculations and experimental investigations disclose that the fluorescence originates from the high-energy excited states to the ground state, demonstrating an anti-Kasha behavior. The present work provides an efficient and modular approach toward a library of carbon-centered radicals that feature anti-Kasha’s rule emission, rendering them as potential new emitters in the short-wavelength region.
Fatty acid metabolism in aggressive B-cell lymphoma is inhibited by tetraspanin CD37
Authors: Peeters Rens , Cuenca-Escalona Jorge , Zaal Esther A. , Hoekstra Anna T. , Balvert Anouk C. G. , Vidal-Manrique Marcos , Blomberg Niek , van Deventer Sjoerd J. , Stienstra Rinke , Jellusova Julia , Giera Martin , Hannibal Luciana , Spiekerkoetter Ute , ter Beest Martin , Berkers Celia R. , van Spriel Annemiek B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe importance of fatty acid (FA) metabolism in cancer is well-established, yet the mechanisms underlying metabolic reprogramming remain elusive. Here, we identify tetraspanin CD37, a prognostic marker for aggressive B-cell lymphoma, as essential membrane-localized inhibitor of FA metabolism. Deletion of CD37 on lymphoma cells results in increased FA oxidation shown by functional assays and metabolomics. Furthermore, CD37-negative lymphomas selectively deplete palmitate from serum in mouse studies. Mechanistically, CD37 inhibits the FA transporter FATP1 through molecular interaction. Consequently, deletion of CD37 induces uptake and processing of exogenous palmitate into energy and essential building blocks for proliferation, and inhibition of FATP1 reverses this phenotype. Large lipid deposits and intracellular lipid droplets are observed in CD37-negative lymphoma tissues of patients. Moreover, inhibition of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 A significantly compromises viability and proliferation of CD37-deficient lymphomas. Collectively, our results identify CD37 as a direct gatekeeper of the FA metabolic switch in aggressive B-cell lymphoma.
Systematic evaluation of antimicrobial food preservatives on glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in healthy mice
Authors: Li Ping , Li Ming , Wu Tao , Song Ying , Li Yan , Huang Xiaochang , Lu Hui , Xu Zhenjiang Zech 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCertain antimicrobial preservatives (APs) have been shown to perturb gut microbiota. So far, it is not yet fully known that whether similar effects are observable for a more diverse set of APs. It also remains elusive if biogenic APs are superior to synthetic APs in terms of safety. To help fill these knowledge gaps, the effects of eleven commonly used synthetic and biogenic APs on the gut microbiota and glucose metabolism were evaluated in the wild-type healthy mice. Here, we found that APs induced glucose intolerance and perturbed gut microbiota, irrespective of their origin. In addition, biogenic APs are not always safer than synthetic ones. The biogenic AP nisin unexpectedly induced the most significant effects, which might be partially mediated by glucagon-like peptide 1 related glucoregulatory hormones secretion perturbation.
Stem cell-derived synthetic embryos self-assemble by exploiting cadherin codes and cortical tension
Authors: Bao Min , Cornwall-Scoones Jake , Sanchez-Vasquez Estefania , Cox Andy L. , Chen Dong-Yuan , De Jonghe Joachim , Shadkhoo Shahriar , Hollfelder Florian , Thomson Matt , Glover David M. , Zernicka-Goetz Magdalena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMammalian embryos sequentially differentiate into trophectoderm and an inner cell mass, the latter of which differentiates into primitive endoderm and epiblast. Trophoblast stem (TS), extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) and embryonic stem (ES) cells derived from these three lineages can self-assemble into synthetic embryos, but the mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that a stem cell-specific cadherin code drives synthetic embryogenesis. The XEN cell cadherin code enables XEN cell sorting into a layer below ES cells, recapitulating the sorting of epiblast and primitive endoderm before implantation. The TS cell cadherin code enables TS cell sorting above ES cells, resembling extraembryonic ectoderm clustering above epiblast following implantation. Whereas differential cadherin expression drives initial cell sorting, cortical tension consolidates tissue organization. By optimizing cadherin code expression in different stem cell lines, we tripled the frequency of correctly formed synthetic embryos. Thus, by exploiting cadherin codes from different stages of development, lineage-specific stem cells bypass the preimplantation structure to directly assemble a postimplantation embryo.
Draft genome assemblies of four manakins
Authors: Li Xuemei , Gao Rongsheng , Chen Guangji , Price Alivia Lee , Øksnebjerg Daniel Bilyeli , Hosner Peter Andrew , Zhou Yang , Zhang Guojie , Feng Shaohong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractManakins are a family of small suboscine passerine birds characterized by their elaborate courtship displays, non-monogamous mating system, and sexual dimorphism. This family has served as a good model for the study of sexual selection. Here we present genome assemblies of four manakin species, including Cryptopipo holochlora, Dixiphia pipra (also known as Pseudopipra pipra), Machaeropterus deliciosus and Masius chrysopterus, generated by Single-tube Long Fragment Read (stLFR) technology. The assembled genome sizes ranged from 1.10 Gb to 1.19 Gb, with average scaffold N50 of 29 Mb and contig N50 of 169 Kb. On average, 12,055 protein-coding genes were annotated in the genomes, and 9.79% of the genomes were annotated as repetitive elements. We further identified 75 Mb of Z-linked sequences in manakins, containing 585 to 751 genes and an ~600 Kb pseudoautosomal region (PAR). One notable finding from these Z-linked sequences is that a possible Z-to-autosome/PAR reversal could have occurred in M. chrysopterus. These de novo genomes will contribute to a deeper understanding of evolutionary history and sexual selection in manakins.
ID-RDRL: a deep reinforcement learning-based feature selection intrusion detection model
Authors: Ren Kezhou , Zeng Yifan , Cao Zhiqin , Zhang Yingchao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNetwork assaults pose significant security concerns to network services; hence, new technical solutions must be used to enhance the efficacy of intrusion detection systems. Existing approaches pay insufficient attention to data preparation and inadequately identify unknown network threats. This paper presents a network intrusion detection model (ID-RDRL) based on RFE feature extraction and deep reinforcement learning. ID-RDRL filters the optimum subset of features using the RFE feature selection technique, feeds them into a neural network to extract feature information and then trains a classifier using DRL to recognize network intrusions. We utilized CSE-CIC-IDS2018 as a dataset and conducted tests to evaluate the model’s performance, which is comprised of a comprehensive collection of actual network traffic. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ID-RDRL model can select the optimal subset of features, remove approximately 80% of redundant features, and learn the selected features through DRL to enhance the IDS performance for network attack identification. In a complicated network environment, it has promising application potential in IDS.
A 3D analysis revealed complexe mitochondria morphologies in porcine cumulus cells
Authors: Lounas Amel , Lebrun Ariane , Laflamme Isabelle , Vernoux Nathalie , Savage Julie , Tremblay Marie-Ève , Germain Marc , Richard François J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the ovarian follicle, a bilateral cell-to-cell communication exists between the female germ cell and the cumulus cells which surround the oocyte. This communication allows the transit of small size molecules known to impact oocyte developmental competence. Pyruvate derivatives produced by mitochondria, are one of these transferred molecules. Interestingly, mitochondria may adopt a variety of morphologies to regulate their functions. In this study, we described mitochondrial morphologies in porcine cumulus cells. Active mitochondria were stained with TMRM (Tetramethylrhodamine, Methyl Ester, Perchlorate) and observed with 2D confocal microscopy showing mitochondria of different morphologies such as short, intermediate, long, and very long. The number of mitochondria of each phenotype was quantified in cells and the results showed that most cells contained elongated mitochondria. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed at nanoscale resolution the different mitochondrial morphologies including round, short, intermediate, and long. Interestingly, 3D visualisation by focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) revealed different complex mitochondrial morphologies including connected clusters of different sizes, branched mitochondria, as well as individual mitochondria. Since mitochondrial dynamics is a key regulator of function, the description of the mitochondrial network organisation will allow to further study mitochondrial dynamics in cumulus cells in response to various conditions such as in vitro maturation.
Probing the origin and stability of bivalency in copper based porous coordination network and its application for H2S gas capture
Authors: Gupta Nishesh Kumar , Kim Eun Ji , Bae Jiyeol , Kim Kwang Soo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA bivalent Cu(I,II) metal–organic framework (MOF) based on the 4,4′,4″-s-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl-tribenzoate linker was synthesized via a solvothermal method. The MOF possessed 43.8% of the Cu sites as Cu+ with a surface area of 1257 m2 g−1. The detailed spectroscopic analysis confirmed dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent as the reductant responsible for Cu+ sites in the synthesized MOF. The Cu+ sites were easily accessible and prone to oxidation in hot water or acidic gas environment. The MOF showed water-induced structural change, which could be partially recovered after soaking in DMF solvent. The synthesized MOF showed a high hydrogen sulfide (H2S) uptake capacity of 4.3 mmol g–1 at 298 K and an extremely low H2S pressure of 0.0005 bar. The adsorption capacity was the highest among Cu-based MOFs with PCN-6-M being regenerable, which made it useful for deep desulfurization applications. The adsorbed H2S was mineralized to sulfide, sulfur, and sulfates, mediated by the Cu+/Cu2+ redox cycle in the presence of adsorbed water and molecular oxygen. Thus, the study confirmed that DMF as a reductant is responsible for the origin of bivalency in PCN-6-M and possibly in other Cu-based MOFs reported in the literature. Also, the developed MOF could be a potential candidate for flue gas desulfurization and gas purification applications.
Mass transfer kinetics (soluble solids gain and water loss) of ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration of apple slices
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin , Cheraghi Rana , Rasouli Majid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUltrasound (sonication) treatment can be used directly for dehydration or pre-treatment before the osmotic dehydration (OD) procedure of fruit or vegetable particles. The combination of this technique with the OD technique can further improve the dehydration process efficiencies by increasing the mass transfer rates and enhancing final product quality. In this study, apple slices were osmotically dehydrated in different hypertonic sucrose solutions and assisted with or without ultrasound. Sucrose concentrations (in three levels of 30, 40, and 50° Brix), sonication power (in three levels of 0, 75, and 150 W), and treatment time (in six time intervals: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min) were the factors investigated concerning weight reduction, soluble solids gain, water loss and rehydration. Also, mass transfer kinetics were modelled according to Page, Newton, Midilli, Logarithmic, Verma, and Two terms equations. Increased sucrose solution concentration resulted in higher weight reduction, soluble solids gain and water loss. Also, increased sonication power levels resulted in higher weight reduction, soluble solids gain and water loss. The average rehydration ratio of apple slices decreased from 237.7 to 177.5%, by increasing osmotic solution concentration from 30 to 50%. The Page equation showed the best fitting for water loss data. The effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) of apple slices during OD calculated using Fick’s second law applied to a slab geometry was found to be in the range of 1.48 × 10–10 and 4.62 × 10–10 m2s−1 for water loss.
Axillary Staging after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Initially Node-Positive Breast Carcinoma in Germany
Authors: Hartmann Steffi , Kühn Thorsten , Hauptmann Michael , Stickeler Elmar , Thill Marc , Lux Michael P. , Fröhlich Sarah , Ruf Franziska , Loibl Sibylle , Blohmer Jens-Uwe , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Thiemann Elisabeth , Weigel Michael , Solbach Christine , Kaltenecker Gabriele , Paluchowski Peter , Schrauder Michael G. , Paepke Stefan , Watermann Dirk , Hahn Markus , Hufnagel Maria , Lefarth Jutta , Untch Michael , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie ,   Die AXSANA-Studiengruppe
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction To date, the optimal axillary staging procedure for initially node-positive breast carcinoma patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been unclear. The aim of
the AXSANA study is to prospectively compare different surgical staging techniques with respect to the oncological outcome and quality of life for the patients. Little is known about current
clinical practice in Germany.
Material and Methods In this paper we analyzed data from patients enrolled in the AXSANA study at German study sites from June 2020 to March 2022.
Results During the period under investigation, 1135 patients were recruited at 143 study sites. More than three suspicious lymph nodes were initially found in 22% of patients. The
target lymph node (TLN) was marked in 64% of cases. This was done with clips/coils in 83% of patients, with magnetic seeds or carbon suspension in 8% each, and with a radar marker in 1% of
patients. After NACT, targeted axillary dissection (TAD) or axillary lymphadenectomy (ALND) were each planned in 48% of patients, and sentinel lymph node biopsy alone (SLNB) in 2%.
Clinically, the nodal status after NACT was found to be unremarkable in 65% of cases. Histological lymph node status was correctly assessed by palpation in 65% of patients and by sonography
in 69% of patients.
Conclusion At the German AXSANA study sites, TAD and ALND are currently used as the most common surgical staging procedures after NACT in initially node-positive breast cancer
patients. The TLN is marked with various markers prior to NACT. Given the inadequate accuracy of clinical assessment of axillary lymph node status after NACT, it should be questioned whether
axillary dissection after NACT should be performed based on clinical assessment of nodal status alone.
Mobile Applications Available in Germany Supporting Breast Cancer Patients During Treatment and Aftercare: a Systematic Review
Authors: Gomm Susanne Ingrid Marianne , Ebner Florian K. , Lukac Stefan , El Taie Ziad , Janni Wolfgang , Schmidt-Straßburger Uta , Stoinschek Barbara , Dayan Davut 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose Systematic evaluation of health apps designed to support and aid remote monitoring of patients during breast cancer treatment and aftercare.
Method A systematic search and assessment of apps was conducted using search terms: breast cancer; breast cancer therapy; and breast cancer aftercare. Evaluation criteria were user
assessments, scientifically published benefits, user-friendliness, data protection, app individualization, motivation, and financial aspects. Up to two points (P) could be awarded per
criterion. The lowest possible score was 0P and the maximum was 28P. Three examiners from different institutions independently assessed the apps according to the specified criteria.
Reference value was defined as the average value given by the examiners. Apps with > 18P were classified as “recommended”; ≥ 11–≤ 18P as “partially recommended” and ≤ 10P as “not
recommended”.
Results A total of 776 apps (n = 24 from the Apple App Store, n = 752 from the Google Play Store) were identified via search query. After applying exclusion criteria, 36 apps (n = 1
from the Apple App Store; n = 35 from the Google Play Store) were evaluated. Using the mean point values of the examiners, 20 apps were classified as not recommended and 12 as partially
recommended (≥ 11–≤ 18P). Four apps were rated partially recommended by two examiners and recommended by one examiner. Three apps were rated as recommended by all examiners.
Conclusion Only a small minority of available apps meet recommendation criteria. Use of these apps may benefit breast cancer patients.
Update Breast Cancer 2022 Part 3 – Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Fehm Tanja N. , Welslau Manfred , Müller Volkmar , Lüftner Diana , Schütz Florian , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Thomssen Christoph , Witzel Isabell , Belleville Erik , Untch Michael , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Aktas Bahriye , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Schneeweiss Andreas , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Wöckel Achim , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Harbeck Nadia , Stickeler Elmar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis review summarizes recent developments in the prevention and treatment of patients with early-stage breast cancer. The individual disease risk for different molecular subtypes was
investigated in a large epidemiological study. With regard to treatment, new data are available from long-term follow-up of the Aphinity study, as well as new data on neoadjuvant therapy
with atezolizumab in HER2-positive patients. Biomarkers, such as residual cancer burden, were investigated in the context of pembrolizumab therapy. A Genomic Grade Index study in elderly
patients is one of a group of studies investigating the use of modern multigene tests to identify patients with an excellent prognosis in whom chemotherapy may be avoided. These and other
aspects of the latest developments in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer are described in this review.