bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐Based Neural Interfaces for Recording and Stimulation: Fundamental Aspects and In Vivo Applications
Authors: Bianchi Michele , De Salvo Anna , Asplund Maria , Carli Stefano , Di Lauro Michele , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas , Stieglitz Thomas , Fadiga Luciano , Biscarini Fabio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNext‐generation neural interfaces for bidirectional communication with the central nervous system aim to achieve the intimate integration with the neural tissue with minimal neuroinflammatory response, high spatio‐temporal resolution, very high sensitivity, and readout stability. The design and manufacturing of devices for low power/low noise neural recording and safe and energy‐efficient stimulation that are, at the same time, conformable to the brain, with matched mechanical properties and biocompatibility, is a convergence area of research where neuroscientists, materials scientists, and nanotechnologists operate synergically. The biotic–abiotic neural interface, however, remains a formidable challenge that prompts for new materials platforms and innovation in device layouts. Conductive polymers (CP) are attractive materials to be interfaced with the neural tissue and to be used as sensing/stimulating electrodes because of their mixed ionic‐electronic conductivity, their low contact impedance, high charge storage capacitance, chemical versatility, and biocompatibility. This manuscript reviews the state‐of‐the‐art of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐based neural interfaces for extracellular recording and stimulation, focusing on those technological approaches that are successfully demonstrated in vivo. The aim is to highlight the most reliable and ready‐for‐clinical‐use solutions, in terms of materials technology and recording performance, other than spot major limitations and identify future trends in this field.
A nomogram for predicting stones recurrence in patients with bile duct stones undergoing laparoscopic common bile duct exploration
Authors: Xie Wangcheng , Yang Tingsong , Zhou Xue , Ma Zhilong , Yu Weidi , Song Guodong , Hu Zhengyu , Gong Jian , Wang Yuxiang , Song Zhenshun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe recurrence of bile duct stones is a long‐term outcome for patients undergoing laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) that is worthy of attention. This study aimed to investigate long‐term risk factors for stones recurrence after LCBDE and develop a nomogram for predicting the risk.MethodsThe clinical data on consecutive patients with bile duct stones undergoing LCBDE at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital between January 2014 and February 2019 with a follow‐up period longer than 2 years were reviewed. Independent risk factors of stones recurrence identified by the Cox regression model were used to develop a nomogram in predicting stones recurrence after LCBDE.ResultsEight hundred and twenty‐two patients were eventually included in this study. Of these patients, 42 (5.11%) developed stones recurrence. The cumulative incidences of stones recurrence at 1, 3, and 5 years after LCBDE were 1.34%, 4.36%, and 7.14%, respectively. Independent risk factors of stones recurrence were identified to be age (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02‐1.07), T‐tube drainage (HR = 3.28, 95% CI = 1.23‐8.72), fatty liver (HR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.39‐5.20), urinary calculus (HR = 4.68, 95% CI = 2.29‐9.56), post‐cholecystectomy (HR = 5.21, 95% CI = 2.39‐11.33), and post‐ERCP + EST (HR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.18‐6.96). By these factors, a developed nomogram showed a C‐index of 0.770 to predict stones recurrence.ConclusionsThe nomogram, based on identified risk factors, showed good accuracy for predicting stones recurrence, which is valuable to guide these patients’ follow‐up and prevention.
A comprehensive study of the liquid transfer from the front to the back of a vertical perforated sheet
Authors: Iyer Manasa , Casalinho Joel , Pachón‐Morales John , Seiwert Jacopo , Wattiau Mikael , Zimmer Laurent , Duval Hervé 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPerforations contribute to liquid redistribution in corrugated sheet packings. We focus on a simplified but relevant experimental configuration where a vertical perforated flat sheet is supplied with liquid on its front side. We examine how the perforations irrigate the back of the plate. We successively consider a single perforation, a spanwise row of perforations, and a staggered array of perforations. We quantify the liquid transfer through a single row of perforations and find that the transferred flow rate per unit perforation diameter varies linearly with the supply flow rate per unit width. We also analyze the spreading of the rivulets leaking from the perforations, their merging into a continuous wavy film, and the leveling of this film as it falls down the plate. The spreading and the merging exhibit a power‐law behavior in agreement with theoretical models. The leveling exhibits exponential decay behavior.
Integration of reinforcement learning and model predictive control to optimize semi‐batch bioreactor
Authors: Oh Tae Hoon , Park Hyun Min , Kim Jong Woo , Lee Jong Min 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs the digital transformation of the bioprocess is progressing, several studies propose to apply data‐based methods to obtain a substrate feeding strategy that minimizes the operating cost of a semi‐batch bioreactor. However, the negligent application of model‐free reinforcement learning (RL) has a high chance to fail on improving the existing control policy because the available amount of data is limited. In this article, we propose an integrated algorithm of double‐deep Q‐network and model predictive control. The proposed method learns the action‐value function in an off‐policy fashion and solves the model‐based optimal control problem where the terminal cost is assigned by the action‐value function. For simulation study, the proposed method, model‐based method, and model‐free methods are applied to the industrial scale penicillin process. The results show that the proposed method outperforms other methods, and it can learn with fewer data than model‐free RL algorithms.
Variation in floral volatiles across time, sexes, and populations of wind‐pollinated Schiedea globosa
Authors: Powers John M. , Sakai Ann K. , Weller Stephen G. , Campbell Diane R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPremiseFloral scent is a key aspect of plant reproduction, but its intraspecific variation at multiple scales is poorly understood. Sexual dimorphism and temporal regulation of scent can be shaped by evolution, and interpopulation variation may be a bridge to species differences. We tested whether intraspecific chemical diversity in a wind‐pollinated species where selection from biotic pollination is absent is associated with genetic divergence across the Hawaiian archipelago.MethodsFloral volatiles from females, males, and hermaphrodites of subdioecious Schiedea globosa grown in a common environment from 12 populations were sampled day and night and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Variation among groups was analyzed by constrained ordination. We also examined the relationships of scent dissimilarity to geographic and genetic distance between populations.ResultsFlowers increased total emissions at night through higher emissions of several ketones, oximes, and phenylacetaldehyde. Females emitted less total scent per flower at night but more of some aliphatic compounds than males, and males emitted more ketones and aldoximes. Scent differed among populations during day and night. Divergence in scent produced at night increased with geographic distance within 70–100 km and increased with genetic distance for males during the day and night, but not for females.ConclusionsSchiedea globosa exhibits diel and sex‐based variation in floral scent despite wind pollination and presumed loss of biotic pollination. In males, interpopulation scent differences are correlated with genetic differences, suggesting that scent evolved with dispersal within and across islands.
Boosting Cycling Stability and Rate Capability of Li–CO2 Batteries via Synergistic Photoelectric Effect and Plasmonic Interaction
Authors: Zhang Kun , Li Jiaxin , Zhai Weijie , Li Chuanfa , Zhu Zhengfeng , Kang Xinyue , Liao Meng , Ye Lei , Kong Taoyi , Wang Chuang , Zhao Yang , Chen Peining , Gao Yue , Wang Bingjie , Peng Huisheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSluggish CO2 reduction/evolution kinetics at cathodes seriously impede the realistic applications of Li–CO2 batteries. Herein, synergistic photoelectric effect and plasmonic interaction are introduced to accelerate CO2 reduction/evolution reactions by designing a silver nanoparticle‐decorated titanium dioxide nanotube array cathode. The incident light excites energetic photoelectrons/holes in titanium dioxide to overcome reaction barriers, and induces the intensified electric field around silver nanoparticles to enable effective separation/transfer of photogenerated carriers and a thermodynamically favorable reaction pathway. The resulting Li–CO2 battery demonstrates ultra‐low charge voltage of 2.86 V at 0.10 mA cm−2, good cycling stability with 86.9 % round‐trip efficiency after 100 cycles, and high rate capability at 2.0 mA cm−2. This work offers guidance on rational cathode design for advanced Li–CO2 batteries and beyond.
Rhodamine Fluorophores for STED Super‐Resolution Biological Imaging
Authors: Chen Fuqian , Liu Wenming , Li Huan , Deng Tao , Xing Bengang , Liu Fang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAmong all fluorescent scaffolds, rhodamine and its derivatives have gained the greatest interest for super‐resolution imaging based on stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, because of their typically high brightness, excellent photo‐stability and easy access to chemical derivatization. During the last few years, many successful examples have shown the imaging improvement by fine‐tuning the chemical structure of rhodamine scaffolds. However, there is still a lack of overall summarization, particularly during the most recent five years. Herein, the recent achievements in the design of rhodamine dyes toward STED super‐resolution bio‐imaging are summarized, by classifying them into four parts according to different biological targets including the cytoskeletons, membranous organelles, DNA/RNAs and other functional substances. The basic principle for structure design as well as the relationships between chemical modification and the function for STED imaging will be mainly focused.
Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride by Ag/AgI/WO3·H2O composites
Authors: Tang Jianke , Meng Rongqian , Xue Yanfeng , Deng Xiaoli , Li Qiaoling 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNovel visible light response Z‐scheme Ag/AgI/WO3·H2O composite photocatalysts were synthesized using a two‐step hydrothermal method followed by a photoreduction process without adding any surfactant. The synthesized Ag/AgI/WO3·H2O composite (AAW‐2) with the Ag/WO3·H2O molar ratio of 0.8/1 showed the highest photodegradation activity for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) solution under visible light, and its rate constant was 24.6 times higher than that of WO3·H2O. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the Ag/AgI/WO3·H2O composite can be due to the efficient separation of the electron–hole pairs through the Z‐scheme Ag/AgI/WO3·H2O structure. The AAW‐2 composite exhibited excellent stability toward TCH degradation after four successive circulations. Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism of the Ag/AgI/WO3·H2O composite was proposed based on the radical‐trapping experiments, where h+ and •O2− were the main active species during the photocatalytic reaction.
Media used as an information source to solve baseline gaps in marine megafauna conservation: Recommendations to standardize reports on cetacean stranding events
Authors: Liu Xin , Mei Zhigang , Zheng Jinsong , Hao Yujiang , Wang Kexiong , Wang Ding 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSystematic records of cetacean strandings provide valuable baseline data on conservation actions, yet an effective scheme of nationwide stranding records is still lacking in Chinese waters. Non‐traditional data sources such as media offer a cost‐effective alternative to supplement the baseline gaps.Media reports on cetacean strandings from 2007 to 2019 in Chinese waters were collected and verified through online searching. In a total of 1,298 stranding events, 1,576 individuals were identified, including at least seven species of Mysticeti and 22 species of Odontoceti.The stranding events were not evenly distributed along the coastline of Chinese waters. Taiwan had the highest number of events, followed by Guangdong, Hong Kong and Fujian. Cetacean strandings occurred in all months, but most frequently in spring from March to May.The increasing annual number might be due to rising stranding events or reflect an increase in social awareness, which demonstrated the potential value of the citizen science programme.Standardized media reports with more comprehensive, accurate and detailed information were recommended, conducive to establishing a nationwide stranding record network in Chinese waters. The combination of data from different regions on a large scale can help inform the effective conservation of cetaceans.
Impact of Degree of Graphitization, Surface Properties and Particle Size Distribution on Electrochemical Performance of Carbon Anodes for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wrogemann Jens M. , Fromm Olga , Deckwirth Fabian , Beltrop Kolja , Heckmann Andreas , Winter Martin , Placke Tobias 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCarbons are considered as anode active materials in potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). Here, the correlation between material properties of disordered (non‐graphitic) and ordered graphitic carbons and their electrochemical performance in carbon||K metal cells is evaluated. First, carbons obtained from heat treatment of petroleum coke at temperatures from 800 to 2800 °C are analyzed regarding their microstructure and surface properties. Electrochemical performance metrics for K+ ion storage like specific capacity and Coulombic efficiency (CEff) are correlated with surface area, non‐basal planes and microstructure properties, and compared to Li+ ion storage. For disordered carbons, the specific capacity can be clearly correlated with the defect surface area. For highly ordered graphitic carbons, the degree of graphitization strongly determines the specific capacity. The initial CEff of graphitic carbons shows a strong correlation with basal and non‐basal planes. Second, kinetic limitations of ordered graphitic carbons are re‐evaluated by analyzing commercial graphites regarding particle size and surface properties. A clear correlation between particle size, surface area and well‐known challenges of graphitic carbons in terms of low‐rate capability and voltage hysteresis is observed. This work emphasizes the importance of bulk and surface material properties for K+ ion storage and gives important insights for future particle design of promising carbon anodes for PIB cells.
The real‐world clinical outcomes and treatment patterns of patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma treated with anlotinib in the post‐ALTER0203 trial era
Authors: Zhang Ren‐Shu , Liu Jie , Deng Yao‐Tiao , Wu Xin , Jiang Yu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe ALTER0203 clinical trial showed that anlotinib, a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, had antitumor effects on advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) after the failure of standard chemotherapy. We aimed to evaluate the real‐world efficacy and explore prognostic factors and treatment patterns of anlotinib in patients with advanced STS.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic STS who received at least one dose of anlotinib from June 2018 to March 2021. The survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log‐rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was performed for multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 209 patients were included. The median age was 48 (range 11–85) years. The median follow‐up, progression‐free survival, and overall survival were 18.7 months, 6.1 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9–7.2], and 16.4 months (95% CI: 13.6–19.1), respectively. The objective response rate was 13.4%. Nutritional status, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, and anlotinib treatment patterns (combination therapy or switch maintenance therapy vs. monotherapy) were significantly associated with progression‐free survival. Besides, pathological grade, nutritional status, ECOG performance status, and anlotinib treatment patterns were predictive of overall survival. Due to anlotinib‐related toxicity, 31 (14.8%) patients, and 25 (12.0%) patients experienced dose reduction and treatment discontinuation, respectively.ConclusionThese findings confirmed the efficacy of anlotinib in patients with advanced STS in a real‐world setting. The patterns of anlotinib treatment deserve further exploration.
The link between family identification, loneliness, and symptom severity in people with eating disorders
Authors: McNamara Niamh , Wakefield Juliet R. H. , Cruwys Tegan , Potter Adam , Jones Bethany A. , McDevitt Sara 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFamilies play an important role in eating disorder (ED) recovery, and it has been suggested that they can ameliorate the loneliness associated with EDs. However, the psychological mechanisms through which this occurs have yet to be systematically explored. Utilising the Social Identity Approach to Health, we explore whether identification with one's family group positively predicts health in people with self‐reported EDs due to its potential to reduce feelings of loneliness. We investigate this in two online questionnaire studies (N = 82; N = 234), one conducted before the COVID‐19 pandemic and the second conducted in its early stages. In both studies, mediation analyses demonstrated that family identification was associated with fewer and less severe self‐reported ED symptoms, and in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic, reduced self‐reported ED‐related impact and anxiety. In both studies, these benefits were suggestive of a protective role of family identification against loneliness. Our findings provide a framework for understanding in general why families can be considered an important social recovery resource and should be included in the treatment of adult EDs. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on grocery shopper behaviour: Analysis of shopper behaviour change using store transaction data
Authors: Boyle Paul , Bond Raymond , Martinez Carracedo Jorge , Simmons Geoff , Mulvenna Maurice , Hollywood Lynsey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe systemic shock of coronavirus (COVID‐19) and its impact on the global economy has been unprecedented with grocery shopper behaviour changing dramatically through various stages of the pandemic. COVID‐19 has caused unusual market conditions, with significant changes to grocery shopper behaviour that need to be understood to allow for appreciation of shopper behaviour change and retail planning implications during future systemic shocks. The aim of this study was therefore to understand grocery‐shopping behaviour during COVID‐19. Specific objectives were to investigate changes to grocery sale patterns by basket size, composition and category, as well as during specific time periods of the pandemic. The use of transaction data using a range of market basket indicators (e.g., value, size, product mix), revealed profound changes that indicate the challenge shoppers faced navigating a new ‘normal grocery shop’ and the pressure on retailers to analyse consumption changes in order to prioritise demand planning. While the use of this data and analysis approach is an important contribution to consumer behaviour research, our focus was on the bigger patterns observed through the data pertaining to changes in shopper behaviour during systemic shocks. A key contribution of this paper is how the use of transaction data from grocery retail provides a nuanced understanding of how grocery shoppers responded leading up to and during the pandemic. For example, we found that grocery shoppers purchased more than just ‘daily staples’ to stock‐up during the pandemic, with increased awareness of health and wellbeing an important aspect.
The cost‐effectiveness of radial access percutaneous coronary intervention: A propensity‐score matched analysis of Victorian data
Authors: Lee Peter , Brennan Angela , Dinh Diem , Stub Dion , Lefkovits Jeffrey , Reid Christopher M. , Zomer Ella , Chin Ken , Liew Danny 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite evidence of the comparative benefits of transradial access percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) over transfemoral access, its uptake remains highly varied across Australia. Few studies have explored the implications of the choice of access site during PCI from the perspective of the Australian healthcare setting. We, therefore, performed a cost‐effectiveness analysis of radial versus femoral access PCI.MethodsData from the Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry (VCOR) were used to inform our economic analyses. Patients treated through either radial or femoral access PCI were propensity score‐matched using the inverse probability weighted (IPW) method, and the incidence of major bleeding and all‐cause mortality in the cohort was used to inform an economic model comprising a hypothetical sample of 1000 patients. Costs and utility data were drawn from published sources. The economic evaluation adopted the perspective of the Australian healthcare system.ResultsAmong a cohort of 1000 patients over 1 year, there were 19 fewer deaths, and six fewer episodes of nonfatal major bleeding in the radial group compared to the femoral group. Total cost savings attributed to radial access was AUD $1 214 688. Hence, from a health economic point of view, radial access PCI was dominant over femoral access PCI. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of these findings.ConclusionsRadial access is associated with improved patient outcomes and considerably lower costs relative to femoral access PCI. Our findings support radial access being the preferred approach for PCI across a variety of indications in Australia.
Phytotoxic Effect of sub‐3‐nm Crystalline Ceria Nanoparticles on the Hydroponic Growth of Daikon Radish Microgreens
Authors: Both Avinash Kumar , Shaker Ema , Cheung Chin Li 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCerium oxide nanoparticles (ceria NPs) have been widely used in many industrial applications. They have been proposed as a potential remedy for reducing oxidative stress in biological systems. General concerns over the toxicity of engineered ceria NPs have led to studies of their phytotoxicity in plants. Most of these plant growth studies were conducted in soil using grain crops and commercial ceria NPs of sizes from 6 nm to 100’s nm. In this paper, we report our evaluation of the phytotoxicity and uptake of sub‐3‐nm crystalline ceria NPs by exposing Daikon radish (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus) microgreens to these NPs with environmentally relevant concentrations under hydroponic growth conditions. Aqueous suspensions of different concentrations of these ceria NPs (0.1 ppm, 1 ppm, and 10 ppm) were applied to these microgreens for the last 7 days of the 12‐day growth period. Our results revealed the uptake of cerium by plant roots and the translocation of cerium to the stems and the cotyledons (seed leaves). The accumulation of cerium was found to be maximum at the roots, followed by the cotyledons and the stems of the plants. Even at the lowest concentration (0.1 ppm) of the sub‐3‐nm ceria NPs, the accumulation of cerium at the roots significantly stunted the root growth. However, these NP treatments did not show significant changes to the distributions of macro‐minerals (Mg, K, and Ca) and micro‐minerals (Zn and Cu) in the microgreens at the end of the 12‐day growth period.