bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complicating the already complex? Readability scores in bladder exstrophy and its treatment
Authors: Haffar Ahmad , Morrill Christian , Garcia Adelaide , Werner Zachary , Crigger Chad , Gearhart John P. 
Published: November 2022

PurposeClassic bladder exstrophy (CBE), is a complex congenital malformation affecting formation of the lower abdominal wall and bladder. This study evaluates the readability of common online resources regarding CBE and its treatment. We hypothesize that high levels of reading comprehension are reflected in these resources, which may not be suitable to the general population for understanding this condition.MethodsThe search terms “bladder exstrophy” and “bladder exstrophy treatment” were reviewed on the Google search engine. The first 100 search results for each search query were collected. The readability of each webpage was assessed using a combination of four independent validated formulae: the Gunning-Fog index (GFI), SMOG grade (Simple Measure of Gobbledygook), Dale-Chall index (DCI), and the Flesch-Kincaid grade (FKG).ResultsA total of 200 search results were examined using the two search queries, yielding 72 unique webpages that fit the inclusionary criteria. The mean readability scores across all websites were a GFI of 14.3, SMOG score of 10, DCI of 9.06, and a FKG of 11.6. These scores correlate to adjusted grade levels of college sophomore, 11th grade, college, and 11th grade respectively. There was no significant difference of readability between website categories across GFI (p = 0.32), SMOG (p = 0.38), DCI (p = 0.33), and FKG (p = 0.36).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that online health information regarding CBE and its treatment is written at least the 11th grade reading level or above. This highlights the necessity to simplify online resources pertaining to CBE.
Effects of creatine monohydrate timing on resistance training adaptations and body composition after 8 weeks in male and female collegiate athletes
Authors: Dinan Nicholas E. , Hagele Anthony M. , Jagim Andrew R. , Miller Michael G. , Kerksick Chad M. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundLimited research is available on the potential impact of creatine monohydrate administration before or after workouts among athletes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pre- vs. post-exercise creatine monohydrate supplementation on resistance training adaptations and body composition.MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design, 34 healthy resistance-trained male and female athletes were randomly assigned and matched according to fat free mass to consume a placebo, or 5-g dose of creatine monohydrate within 1 h before training, or within 1 h after training for 8 weeks, while completing a weekly resistance training program. Participants co-ingested 25-gram doses of both whey protein isolate and maltodextrin along with each assigned supplement dose. Body composition, muscular strength, and endurance, along with isometric mid-thigh pull were assessed before and after the 8-week supplementation period. A 3 × 2 mixed factorial (group x time) ANOVA with repeated measures on time were used to evaluate differences.ResultsAll groups experienced similar and statistically significant increases in fat free mass (+1.34 ± 3.48 kg, p = 0.04), upper (+2.21 ± 5.69 kg, p = 0.04) and lower body strength (+7.32 ± 10.01 kg, p &lt; 0.001), and decreases in body mass (−1.09 ± 2.71 kg, p = 0.03), fat mass (−2.64 ± 4.16 kg, p = 0.001), and percent body fat (−2.85 ± 4.39 kg, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe timing of creatine monohydrate did not exert any additional influence over the measured outcomes.
Experiencing good results promotes positive feelings to high-intensity exercise among young adults: A qualitative study
Authors: Høydal Kjetil L. , Åsebø Eli-Karin Sjåstad , Dahl Silje Louise 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionFrom a public health perspective, it is important to gain more insight into how people can be motivated to maintain effective exercise routines. It is a common belief that moderate-intensity exercise is more pleasant and enjoyable than high-intensity training. This study aims to provide insight into (1) participants' expectations and preferences for training intensity prior to training, (2) how longer-term participation affect participants' experience of endurance training with continuous moderate-intensity training and high-intensity interval training.Materials and methodsA total of 22 participants (14 women and eight men) between the ages of 21–30 volunteered for participation. Participants were randomized and divided into two equal groups. A total of 17 participants, nine women and eight men, completed the study. One group did moderate-intensity longer-lasting training and the other did high-intensity interval training. All participants completed three training sessions per week for 8 weeks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant before and after completing the training intervention. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. This study is a part of a larger study evaluating and comparing the effects on endurance capacity of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity training. Physiological data are previously published.ResultsThe results describe participants expectations prior to training, and how they experienced the actual training. The overall experience of training comprises several factors that work together. Both expectations and actual experiences (e.g., of physical pleasantness or unpleasantness, of positive or negative emotions, and of actual results from the training) contribute to the participants' overall experience of exercise.ConclusionThe major finding is that improved physical fitness was a stronger motivator than feelings of pleasantness. Experiencing good results seemed to downplay feelings of unpleasantness and reinforce positive feelings toward exercise. Lack of results reinforce negative feelings toward exercise. Participants reported high-intensity exercise as more unpleasant and exhaustive, but the interval training group were more satisfied and experienced the training as more motivating.
Longitudinal alterations of pulmonary V.O2 on-kinetics during moderate-intensity exercise in competitive youth cyclists are related to alterations in the balance between microvascular O2 distribution and muscular O2 utilization
Authors: Hovorka Matthias , Prinz Bernhard , Simon Dieter , Zöger Manfred , Rumpl Clemens , Nimmerichter Alfred 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe main purpose of the current study was to investigate the dynamic adjustment of pulmonary oxygen uptake (V.O2) in response to moderate-intensity cycling on three occasions within 15 months in competitive youth cyclists. Furthermore, the muscle Δdeoxy[heme] on-kinetics and the Δdeoxy[heme]-to-V.O2 ratio were modeled to examine possible mechanistic basis regulating pulmonary V.O2 on-kinetics.MethodsEleven cyclists (initial age, 14.3 ± 1.6 y; peak V.O2, 62.2 ± 4.5 mL.min−1.kg−1) with a training history of 2–5 years and a training volume of ~10 h per week participated in this investigation. V.O2 and Δdeoxy[heme] responses during workrate-transitions to moderate-intensity cycling were measured with breath-by-breath spirometry and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively, and subsequently modeled with mono-exponential models to derive parameter estimates. Additionally, a normalized Δdeoxy[heme]-to-V.O2 ratio was calculated for each participant. One-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to assess effects of time on the dependent variables of the responses.ResultsThe V.O2 time constant remained unchanged between the first (~24 s) and second visit (~22 s, P &gt; 0.05), whereas it was significantly improved through the third visit (~13 s, P = 0.006–0.013). No significant effects of time were revealed for the parameter estimates of the Δdeoxy[heme] response (P &gt; 0.05). A significant Δdeoxy[heme]-to-V.O2 ratio “overshoot” was evident on the first (1.09 ± 0.10, P = 0.006) and second (1.05 ± 0.09, P = 0.047), though not the third (0.97 ± 0.10, P &gt; 0.05), occasion. These “overshoots” showed strong positive relationships with the V.O2 time constant during the first (r = 0.66, P = 0.028) and second visit (r = 0.76, P = 0.007). Further, strong positive relationships have been observed between the individual changes of the fundamental phase τp and the Δdeoxy[heme]-to-V.O2 ratio “overshoot” from occasion one to two (r = 0.70, P = 0.017), and two to three (r = 0.74, P = 0.009).ConclusionThis suggests that improvements in muscle oxygen provision and utilization capacity both occurred, and each may have contributed to enhancing the dynamic adjustment of the oxidative “machinery” in competitive youth cyclists. Furthermore, it indicates a strong link between an oxygen maldistribution within the tissue of interrogation and the V.O2 time constant.
The predictive value of prognostic nutritional index on early complications after robot-assisted radical cystectomy
Authors: Wang Yiduo , Lu Xun , Gao Yue , Liu Ning , Jiang Hua , Chen Shuqiu , Chen Ming 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on early complications (within 30-day) after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) and urinary diversion.Patients and methodsPatients underwent RARC and urinary diversion between November 2018 and December 2021 in our centre were screened in this retrospective study. Baseline characteristics and perioperative data were recorded. Early complications after surgery were classified according to Clavien-Dindo system. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were performed to decide the potential factors associated with post-RARC complications. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to determine the predictive value of PNI on early overall and major complications after RARC.ResultsOverall 139 men and 13 women with a median age of 69 years and mean BMI of 24.4 kg/m2 were included in this study. As for urinary diversion, most patients (n = 111, 73%) received cutaneous ureterostomy, 36 patients (23.7%) underwent orthotopic neobladder and 5 patients (3.3%) received ileal conduit. The incidence of postoperative complication rate was 44.7%, which included 82.2% minor complications and 17.8% major complications. Further univariate and multivariate logistic analyses demonstrated that hypertension (OR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.24–7.07, P = 0.015), PNI (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62–0.86, P &lt; 0.001), and CCI (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.01–2.06, P = 0.047) were independent risk factors of early complications after RARC. Moreover, PNI (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.60–0.86, P &lt; 0.001) was also the predictor of major complications after RARC. The ROC curve demonstrated that PNI (AUC = 0.829; AUC = 0.840) has a great predictive value in early overall and major complications after RARC.ConclusionPNI can be an early alert for RARC patients thus aiding in closer monitoring and postoperative management.
Brain Organoids to Evaluate Cellular Therapies
Authors: García-Delgado Ana Belén , Campos-Cuerva Rafael , Rosell-Valle Cristina , Martin-López María , Casado Carlos , Ferrari Daniela , Márquez-Rivas Javier , Sánchez-Pernaute Rosario , Fernández-Muñoz Beatriz 
Published: November 2022

Animal models currently used to test the efficacy and safety of cell therapies, mainly murine models, have limitations as molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms are often inherently different between species, especially in the brain. Therefore, for clinical translation of cell-based medicinal products, the development of alternative models based on human neural cells may be crucial. We have developed an in vitro model of transplantation into human brain organoids to study the potential of neural stem cells as cell therapeutics and compared these data with standard xenograft studies in the brain of immunodeficient NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice. Neural stem cells showed similar differentiation and proliferation potentials in both human brain organoids and mouse brains. Our results suggest that brain organoids can be informative in the evaluation of cell therapies, helping to reduce the number of animals used for regulatory studies.
Phytochemicals from Vanda bensonii and Their Bioactivities to Inhibit Growth and Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Jimoh Tajudeen O. , Nuamnaichati Narawat , Sungthong Rungroch , Chansriniyom Chaisak , Chanvorachote Pithi , Likhitwitayawuid Kittisak , Chaotham Chatchai , Sritularak Boonchoo 
Published: November 2022

The most prevalent lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This lung cancer type often develops other organ-specific metastases that are critical burdens in the treatment process. Orchid species in the genus Vanda have shown their potential in folkloric medication of diverse diseases but not all its species have been investigated, and little is known about their anticancer activities against NSCLC. Here, we firstly profiled the specialized metabolites of Vanda bensonii and examined their capability to inhibit growth and metastasis of NSCLC using NCI-H460 cells as a study model. Four phytochemicals, including phloretic acid methyl ester (1), cymbinodin-A (2), ephemeranthoquinone B (3), and protocatechuic acid (4), were isolated from the whole plant methanolic extract of V. bensonii. The most distinguished cytotoxic effect on NCI-H460 cells was observed in the treatments with crude methanolic extract and compound 2 with the half maximal inhibitory concentrations of 40.39 μg mL−1 and 50.82 μM, respectively. At non-cytotoxic doses (10 μg mL−1 or 10 μM), only compound 1 could significantly limit NCI-H460 cell proliferation when treated for 48 h, while others excluding compound 4 showed significant reduction in cell proliferation after treating for 72 h. Compound 1 also significantly decreased the migration rate of NCI-H460 cells examined through a wound-healing assay. Additionally, the crude extract and compound 1 strongly affected survival and growth of NCI-H460 cells under anchorage-independent conditions. Our findings proved that natural products from V. bensonii could be promising candidates for the future pharmacotherapy of NSCLC.
Analisis Faktor Fundamental dan Risiko Sistematik terhadap Harga Saham dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Wahyudi Rahmat 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Earning Per Share (EPS), Current Ratio (CR), Exchange Rate and Interest Rate Risk on stock price movements with Return On Assets (EPS) as an intervening variable on property stocks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2017 -2021. The sample in this study was taken by purposive sampling method on property stocks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2017-2021. The number of samples used as many as 158 companies. The analytical method of this research is using multiple linear regression analysis method. The results of this study indicate that partially Earning per Share (EPS), has a significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA), Current Ratio (CR) has a significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA), Exchange Rates have a significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA)., Interest Rate Risk has a significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA), Earnings per Share (EPS) has a significant effect on Stock Prices, Current Ratio (CR) has a significant effect on Stock Prices, Exchange, Risk Interest has a significant effect on stock prices, Return on Assets (ROA) has a significant effect on stock prices, Earning per Share (EPS) has no significant effect on stock prices through Return On Assets (ROA) as an intervening variable, Current Ratio (CR) has no effect significant effect on stock prices through Return On Assets (ROA) as an intervening variable, exchange rate has an effect s significant no effect on stock prices through Return On Assets (ROA) as an intervening variable and Interest Rate Risk has no significant effect on stock prices through Return On Assets (ROA) as an intervening variable on property stocks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2017-2021.
¿Viejos Temas, Nuevos Lentes?
Authors: Gluz Nora , Vecino Luisa , Martinez del Sel Valeria 
Published: November 2022

El artículo presenta los resultados preliminares de una investigación sobre las condiciones y condicionantes de la continuidad pedagógica en el nivel secundario bonaerense. En este marco, interesa recuperar investigaciones sobre la intensificación del trabajo docente y estudiar sus nuevas dinámicas a la luz de la reconversión de los escenarios laborales producto de la dilución de las fronteras entre el hogar y el trabajo y de las nuevas regulaciones políticas frente a la pandemia para dar cuenta de cómo afectan la toma de decisiones pedagógicas bajo estas inéditas circunstancias en la provincia de Buenos Aires. Analizamos estas dimensiones centrales —escenarios, política y prácticas— dando cuenta de las dinámicas de la desigualdad cuyo agravamiento es parte del debate académico en curso, distinguiendo tanto las condiciones de género y las asimetrías en la distribución de las tareas de cuidado como la heterogeneidad en las condiciones sociosanitarias en los territorios, vinculadas con las condiciones de cuidado frente a la pandemia. Se reconstruyen narrativamente para ello las políticas implementadas a lo largo del 2020 y se recuperan los resultados de una encuesta aplicada a docentes frente a curso aplicada entre los meses de septiembre y octubre del mismo año en cuatro distritos que expresan la heterogeneidad territorial de la jurisdicción.
A gate leakage current-powered loadless 4T SRAM with immunity against random dopant fluctuation and surface roughness in silicon-silicon dioxide interface
Authors: Zhu Yihan , Ohsawa Takashi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The sensitivities of the data hold, read and write performances for the gate leakage-powered loadless 4T SRAM cell on the variations in the MOSFETs’ gate leakage currents are examined by SPICE Monte Carlo simulations in 32 nm technology. The standard deviations in the gate leakage current variations are taken from the device simulation results in which the variations are caused by the random dopant fluctuation and the surface roughness in silicon-silicon dioxide interface. It is shown that the static noise margin (SNM) in the data hold state is 60 mV at 1 V power supply voltage for the −5σ cell with the MOSFETs’ threshold voltage variations taken into consideration. The read SNM and the write SNM are shown to be 160 mV and 440 mV for the −5σ cell, respectively, which are better than the 6TSRAM cell.
Ultraviolet photodetectors based on Si-Zn-SnO thin film transistors with a stacked channel structure and a patterned NiO capping layer
Authors: Ko Rong-Ming , Chen Wei-Ting , Cheng Hao-Che , Wu Chien-Hung , Chang Chao-Yen , Wang Shui-Jinn 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ultraviolet photodetectors (UVPDs) based on Si-Zn-SnO (SZTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with a stacked dual-channel layer (DCL) structure with different carrier concentration and NiO capping layer (CL) to alleviate the trade-off between dark current (I
dark) and photocurrent (I
ph) are reported. Experimental results show that under 275 nm irradiation, the proposed SZTO TFT UVPD with a 30 nm thick upper layer stacked on a 50 nm thick channel layer and a patterned NiO CL exhibit excellent photoresponsivity and photosensitivity up to 1672 A W−1 and 1.03 × 107 A A−1, which is about 272 and 137 times higher than conventional 30 nm thick single-channel layer SZTO TFT. These improvements are due to the use of a DCL which forms a high-low junction to reduce the effective channel thickness and increasing the space for UV illumination and the use of NiO CL lowers the I
dark and causes a considerable negative threshold voltage shift under UV irradiation to significantly boost the I
ph.
A rate-compatible solution to the set reconciliation problem
Authors: Lazaro Francisco , Matuz Balázs 
Published: November 2022

<p>We consider a set reconciliation setting in which two parties hold similar sets which they would like to reconcile In particular, we focus on set reconciliation based on invertible Bloom lookup tables (IBLTs), a probabilistic data structure inspired by Bloom filters but allowing for more complex operations. IBLT-based set reconciliation schemes have the advantage of exhibiting a low complexity, however, the schemes available in literature are known to be far from optimal in terms of communication complexity (overhead). The inefficiency of IBLT-based set reconciliation can be attributed to two facts. First, it requires an estimate of the cardinality of the set difference between the sets, which implies an increase in overhead. Second, in order to cope with errors in the aforementioned estimation of the cardinality of the set difference, IBLT schemes in literature make a worst-case assumption and oversize the data structures, thus further increasing the overhead. In this work, we present a novel IBLT-based set reconciliation protocol that does not require estimating the cardinality of the set difference. The scheme we propose relies on what we term multi-edge-type (MET) IBLTs. The simulation results shown in this paper show that the novel scheme outperforms previous IBLT-based approaches to set reconciliation </p>
Ensemble Deep Learning Architectures for Automated Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis using Chest X-ray
Authors: YAGIS Ekin , Pinpo Nichapat , Jacutprakart Janadhip , Abolghasemi Vahid , Andritsch Jarutas , Chaichulee Sitthichok , Dicente Cid Yashin , Herrera Alba Garcia Seco de , Ingviya Thammasin 
Published: November 2022

<p>Tuberculosis (TB) is still a serious public health concern across the world, causing 1.4 million deaths each year. However, there has been a scarcity of radiological interpretation skills in many TB-infected locations, which may cause poor diagnosis rates and poor patient outcomes. A cost-effective and efficient automated technique might help screening evaluations in underprivileged countries and provide early illness diagnosis. In this work, we proposed a deep ensemble learning framework that integrates multisource data of two deep learning-based techniques for the automated diagnosis of TB. The integrated model framework has been tested on two publicly available datasets and one private dataset. While both proposed deep learning-based automated detection systems have shown high accuracy and specificity compared to state-of-the-art, the en- semble method significantly improved prediction accuracy in detecting chest radiographs with active pulmonary TB from a multi-ethnic patient cohort. Extensive experiments were used to validate the methodology, and the results were superior to previous approaches, showing the method’s practicality for application in the real world. By integrating supervised prediction and unsupervised representation, the ensemble method accu- rately classified TB with the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) up to 0.98 using chest radiography outperforming the other tested classifiers and achieving state- of-the-art. The methodology and findings provide a viable route for more accurate and quicker TB detection, especially in low and middle-income nations. </p>