bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of chronic disorders in psychotherapy
Authors: Linden M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMany mental disorders take a chronic course, associated with disability and/or participation restrictions. This is well recognized in social psychiatry. It is assumed that in psychotherapy milder disorders are seen, but there are no data available in this regard. In a survey in outpatient psychotherapy the rate of patients with chronic disorders and associated impairment was assessed.ObjectivesGoal of the present study was to assess the prevalence and meaning of long term and prevailing disorders in psychotherapyMethodsA total of 131 psychotherapists (43.5% psychodynamic, 55.7% cognitive behavior therapy) reported about 322 outpatients. Therapists were interviewed in person by two research psychotherapists in regard to illness characteristics of unselected patients.ResultsThe duration of illness was longer than 1 year in 98.1% of patients or longer than a decade in 54.5%. In the judgement of the therapists 79% of disorders had a chronic or recurrent course. In 25% there were relevant participation impairments in regard to daily activities, leisure time, social relations, or work. About one quarter had already been in inpatient treatment.ConclusionsThe data show that chronic disorders are the rule rather than the exception in psychotherapy. This requires a multidimensional and interdisciplinary treatment approach, including sociomedical interventions in order to sustain participation in life. This should be recognized in the treatment concepts and also get proper attention in the education and reimbursement of psychotherapists.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Anxiety of pandemic and distance learning as predictor of decrease in satisfaction, competence and engagement in students during digital education period
Authors: Soldatova G. , Rasskazova E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTransition of educational institutions to distance learning in pandemic was found to be associated with students’ complaints about difficulties, decrease in effectiveness, interest and well-being (Herbert et al., 2021, Almomani et al., 2021, Puljak et al., 2020).ObjectivesThe aim was to reveal psychological predictors of decreased academic satisfaction, competence, and engagement among students in the digitalization of education during a pandemic.MethodsIn December 2020 220 students 18-33 years old were asked about their learning difficulties, academic satisfaction, competence and engagement before the pandemic and now (Cronbach’s alphas .66-.90), well-being (Diener et al., 1985, Diener et al., 2010), educational motivation (Sheldon et al., 2017), pandemic anxiety (Tkhostov, Rasskazova, 2020).ResultsThere was a decrease in academic satisfaction, subjective competence and engagement, with moderate learning difficulties (F=60.4-63,3, p<.01, η²=.22). More pronounced learning difficulties during a pandemic were found in students with higher level of negative emotions, lower integrated learning motivation, higher anxiety due to the transition to distance learning and due to a violation of security online (p<.01). The decrease in academic satisfaction, competence and engagement were maximal among students with a lower level of positive emotions, higher level of amotivation, anxiety due to the transition to distance learning and violation of privacy and security online (p<.01).ConclusionsStudents with higher negative emotions and distance learning anxiety regardless of their skills were more vulnerable to the changes in learning in pandemic. The study was funded by Russian Science Foundation project № 18-18-00365.DisclosureThe study was funded by Russian Science Foundation project № 18-18-00365.
Croatian Models and Experience in First-Episode Psychosis Treatment
Authors: Savic A. , Ostojic D. , Brecic P. 
Published: September 2022

We have witnessed a significant push towards staging in medicine. That trend has not bypassed psychiatry, with realization that early phases of various disorders present the window for early intervention that is most likely to result in preserving every-day functionality and achieving favourable outcomes. First-episode psychosis programs have been developed in order to ensure adequate early interaction with psychiatric services, help achieve faster and quality remission, prevent relapses and ensure better long-term outcomes. There is still, however, no consensus on the format or the most appropriate intervention in the early-course psychosis. Patients in Zagreb, Croatia, are offered a number of first-episode psychosis programs, one of which is housed in the largest Croatian psychiatric institution, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce. Specialized early-course treatment model in Vrapce stemmed from first-episode inpatient unit established in 2004, and grew to present in its core integration of care across different organizational units, acuity levels, and specific patient needs. Recognizing that a significant number of first-episode patients first interact with psychiatric services through emergency units, Vrapce’s model fostered early interaction with specialized services staff starting with intensive and emergency care units, allowing for continuity of care and early recruitment into specialized services. Vertical integration meant inpatient acute and subacute units seamlessly linked with day hospital and outpatient services, creating the setting for earlier formation of therapeutic alliance and treatment plans, but also allowing for flexible entry points for users. COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to challenging the initial integrations of services, facilitated transfer of certain services into virtual space.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Valproic acid-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy (VIHE) in a patient with Bipolar disorder: A case report and literature review
Authors: Isidahome E. , San Gabriel M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionValproic acid (VPA) is a valuable treatment for bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and agitation1. However, potential side-effects include sedation, headaches, tremors, ataxia, gastrointestinal issues, neural tube defect, 3 and mild hyperammonemia even in normal liver function test 1 and VPA level.ObjectivesTo illustrate clinical presentation of VIHE and provide literature review on post-VIHE treatment options.MethodsA 59-year-old male with PMH of Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, LVH, COPD, s/p CVA, and PPH of schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type. Patient stable on VPA 1250mg daily and Olanzapine 5mg daily for >2years until recent manic decompensation resulting to up-titration of VPA to 1500mg H.S. Thereafter, he presented with altered mental status, with VPA level (111.4 ug/ml), hyponatremia (119 mmol/L) and hyperammonemia (84 umol/L). Subsequently, admitted as a case of VIHE and hyponatremia.ResultsVPA has shown to cause hyperammonemia alone or when combined with antipsychotics6. VIHE reported in up to 47.7% of patients on VPA1, but symptomatic in approximately 10% of patients on VPA with blood ammonia level about 2-fold the normal range8. VIHE presents with confusion, ataxia, blurred vision, delirium, and seizures3. Treatment options include VPA discontinuation, switch to other mood stabilizers (lithium carbonate, lamotrigine), utilization of medications to lower blood ammonia levels (Lactulose, Rifaximin/Neomycin) ,3 antipsychotic monotherapy, and supplements (Levocarnitine or Carglumic acid) in the prevention, maintenance, and treatment of VIHE. These supplements can be added to VPA if the benefits of re-initiating or continuing VPA outweighs the risk3.ConclusionsFurther research is needed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Physician Health: Results and Caveats from Surveys in Austria, Switzerland and Germany
Authors: Wurst F. , Rumpf H.-J. , Thon N. , Beschoner P. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Surveys assessing alcohol use among physicians most commonly employed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) or the AUDIT-C. As with other screeners, prevalence estimation is dependent on the accuracy of the test as well as choice of the cut-off value. The aim of the current study is to use samples from various countries derive more precise prevalence estimates of alcohol problems in physicians by correcting for false positive and false negative results using samples from various countries Method: At the Congress of the German Association of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 2005 in Berlin, 1800 questionnaires, which included the AUDIT-C were distributed among the attending participants. 936 questionnaires (52%) were returned. Also, the data are compared to a second study, performed in Salzburg, Austria to further elucidate the situation. The screening results will be presented and compared to the values when using a correction- formula using data from a general population sample on sensitivity and specificity of the AUDIT-C. Results: Based on the results of AUDIT-C and using a cut-off of 5 for both sexes, 24.1% of the sample of 887 physicians of the German sample are problematic drinkers (14.7% in female and 32 % in male physicians). Using a correction formula leads to markedly lower rates: 6.1% (all), 3.7% (female), 8.1% (male). Discussion: In this large sample, findings clearly confirm that uncorrected screening results lead to severe over-estimation of the prevalence of problematic drinking in physicians. The corrected prevalence rates are lower than in the general population.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The relationship between mothers’ attachment style, mindful parenting, and perception of the child
Authors: Szabó B. , Miklósi M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMaternal attachment style plays a major role in the intergenerational transmission of psychopathology. Previous studies indicated that a secure attachment style is associated with higher levels of mindfulness and a higher quality of the parent-child relationship.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the mothers’ attachment style, mindful parenting, and perception of the child.MethodsData was collected from 144 non-clinical mothers, who have a child below the age of 3 years. Mothers completed self-report questionnaires including the following scales: a demographic questionnaire, Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ), Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP), and the Mothers’ Object Relations Scale (MORS-SF). Mediation analyses with Mothers’ Object Relations Scale warmth and invasion subscales as dependent variables, mother’s attachment style as an independent variable and, mindful parenting as a mediator were conducted.ResultsIn mediation analysis, the direct effects of the mothers’ attachment style on the perception of the child were not significant. However, indirect effects through mindful parenting were significant; higher levels of mindful parenting were associated with higher levels of MORS-SF warmth and lower levels of MORS-SF invasion.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that attachment styles are related to the perception of the child through mindful parenting.
Mindfulness-based parenting training might be useful in case of attachment-related problems to improve the parent-child relationship.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Are the Kessler Psychological Scales suitable for screening for mental disorders in low-threshold mental health services in German-speaking countries?
Authors: Schultze-Lutter F. , Michel C. , Schimmelmann B. , Meisenzahl E. , Osman N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Kessler Psychological Distress Scales (K10 and K6) are used as screening tools to assess psychological distress and are the first-line assessment of need for help in the Headspace services.ObjectivesThus, we studied the psychometric properties of their German versions in a Swiss community sample to evaluate their potential usefulness to screen for mental disorders or relevant mental problems in low threshold transdiagnostic German-speaking services.MethodsThe sample consisted of 829 citizens of the Swiss canton Bern of age 19-43 years. K10/K6 were validated against Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) diagnoses, questionnaires about health status and quality of life. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to test for general discriminative ability and to select optimal cut-offs of the K10 and K6 for non-psychotic full-blown and subthreshold mental disorders.ResultsCronbach’s alphas were 0.81 (K10) and 0.70 (K6). ROC analyses indicated much lower optimal thresholds than earlier suggested; 10 for K10 and 6 for K6. At these thresholds, against M.I.N.I. diagnoses, Cohen’s Kappa (<=0.173) and correspondence rates (<=58.14%) were insufficient throughout. Values were higher at the earlier suggested threshold, yet, at the cost of sensitivity that was below 0.5 in all but three, and below 0.3 in all but six cases.ConclusionsFor the lack of sufficient validity and sensitivity, respectively, our findings suggest that both K10 and K6 would only be of limited use in a low-threshold transdiagnostic mental health service – comparable to Headspace – for young adults in Switzerland and likely other German-speaking countries.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Let the soul speak: Promoting mental health awareness through arts and culture
Authors: Regev S. , Diler R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNefashot - (meaning “Souls” in Hebrew) is a social activist initiative that aims to promote mental health (MH) awareness in the public domain through cultural, artistic, and dialogue-based events.ObjectivesThe two main objectives of this project are: to raise awareness and promote dialogue about MH issues in the public sphere and to create an inclusive environment for people living with MH conditions where their voices can be heard.MethodsFor this purpose, we have created a week of events around the international mental health day on October 10th. Our strategy for producing the MH week is by 4 stages: 1) Call for action which is published widely on social media 2) Collection of forms filled, connections and personal accompaniment 3) Event directed accompaniment, and group meeting around common topics 4) Publication as a group to strengthening the sense of belonging and enhancing community visibility.ResultsOur 80 events over the last three years have been organized by creators, artists, people with and without mental illness, family members, and professionals. Participants are extended in the event production by geographical location, type of art or culture event, type of relation to MH (for example, family member) and by social groups (Arabic/English speakers, LGBT), as well as collaborations within the group.ConclusionsPromoting MH through public activism is ideal because it enable each participant to shape the process as well as the product. Furthermore, we find the relationship between art and MH enriching in both directions.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Russian adaptation of Stress Mindset Measure-General (SMM-G)
Authors: Lebedeva N. , Solenova E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe 8-item Stress Mindset Measure-General (SMM-G) is an instrument designed to assess stress-is-enhancing and stress-is-debilitating mindsets. The stress-is-enhancing stress mindset positively correlates with well-being indices and work productivity and negatively correlates with depression and anxiety scores. Mindset could be changed after a psychological, psychoeducational, or psychotherapeutic intervention.ObjectivesWe aim to adapt the SMM-G for adolescents and to explore its factor structure and psychometric properties in a sample of Russian students.MethodsA total of 564 Russian students (337 men, 229 women) from 9 universities aged 17 to 23 years (М=19,9) participated in the study. We computed reliability indicators, conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsPsychometric indicators are shown in Table 1. As a result of EFA (maximum likelihood, varimax rotation), two factors (eigenvalues 3,430 and 1,645) were extracted, accounting for 42,9% and 20,6% explained variance. Then, we tested the proposed model via CFA (Table 2).Table 1.Psychometric indicatorsMean value ± stdCronbach`s alphaTest-retest reliability (n=179, one month between assessments)1,175±0,1650,8050,563The first factor includes all odd-numbered questions, while the second factor contains all even-numbered questions. This is consistent with the questionnaire’s structure, leading to a natural interpretation of factors as the stress-is-enhancing and stress-is-debilitating mindsets.Table 2.CFA resultsFit indicesAcceptable valuesOne-Factor ModelTwo-Factor ModelCMIN/DF≤57,5164,298GFI≥0,90,8950,959AGFI≥0,90,8280,902CFI≥0,90,6800,890RMSEA≤0,080,1070,076ConclusionsRussian adaptation of SMM-G has shown good psychometric characteristics and constitutes a useful assessment instrument.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Stigma towards mental illness in med students: you label me, I label you?
Authors: Cabacos C. , Pereira A.T. , Carneiro M. , Carvalho F. , Manão A. , Araújo A. , Pereira D. , Macedo A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionEvidence suggests that besides having stigmatizing misconceptions towards people with mental illness, medical students and doctors often resist seeking help for their own mental issues. This is a vulnerable group for stress and other mental health problems, due not only to professional burden but also high perfectionism and low self-compassion.ObjectivesTo analyse the relationship between mental health stigma (MHS) and other variables related to personality and emotional states in a sample of medical students.Methods634 medicine and dentistry students (mean age = 21.6±6.9;81.4% female) answered to a survey including sociodemographic data, self-perception of psychological health/SPPH and the Portuguese validated versions of: Link’s Perceived Discrimination and Devaluation (PDD) scale to assess MHS and its two dimensions - social stigma/SocS and self-stigma/SelS; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21); Neff’s Self-Compassion Scale (SCS); and Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS). Correlations, t-student tests and linear regressions were performed with SPSS 27.0.ResultsStigma correlated negatively to SPPH and positively to DASS, the negative poles of SCS (self-judgement, isolation and over-identification) and BTPS second-order factors (all from p<.05 to p<.01). No gender differences in MHS were observed. Participants with higher mean levels of total and SelS had significantly higher scores in all DASS dimensions and lower SPPH; participants with higher SocS also scored higher in DASS, but didn’t reveal lower SPPH. Isolation was a significant predictor of SocS (R2=2.8%;p<.05); isolation and narcissistic perfectionism were significant predictors of SelS (R2=11%;p<.01).ConclusionsOur results highlight the importance of including MHS as a main need in the curricula of future doctors.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Clozapine-Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Successfully Managed with Brexpiprazole Combination Therapy: Two Case Reports
Authors: Orsolini L. , Tempia Valenta S. , Bellagamba S. , Salvi V. , Volpe U. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionClozapine has proven to have a unique efficacy on treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Nevertheless, studies show that 47%-63% of clozapine-treated patients may fail to respond after around 12-years of treatment (CRS). Several augmentation strategies have been proven to be effective in CRS.ObjectivesHereby, we present two clinical cases of CRS successfully managed with brexpiprazole augmentation.MethodsA 48-year-old man without comorbid substance use, treated with clozapine-brexpiprazole augmentation, and a 20-year-old man with comorbid substance use, treated with clozapine-brexpiprazole combination and subsequently with twice-injection aripiprazole (TIA). They were administered with the following assessments at t0, t1-3 (first month), t4-8 (monthly until 6-month follow-up): CGI, BPRS, PANSS, CDSS, Craving VAS, BARS, BIS-11, HRS-A, MADRS, YMRS, AIMS.ResultsAt 1-month follow-up, both patients showed a considerable improvement (respectively 75% and 55.9% reduction of PANSS total score). At 6-month follow-up, reached only with the first patient, we noticed a further improvement (an overall 37.5% reduction of PANSS total score from the baseline).ConclusionsThe present work is the first report describing combination treatment strategies with clozapine and brexpiprazole which appear to give promising results.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A pilot study of the associations between inflammatory markers and the presence of „deficit syndrome” in schizophrenia patients
Authors: Michalczyk A. , Tyburski E. , Podwalski P. , Misiak B. , Sagan L. , Samochowiec J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAccording to current knowledge inflammation seems to be strongly associated with pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Multiple studies and meta-analyses showed increased levels of inflammatory markers in plasma of schizophrenia patients. Individual studies have shown a relationship between the levels of inflammatory markers and the presence of deficit syndrome, but their results are inconsistent.ObjectivesAnalysis of associations between inflammatory markers and the presence of deficit syndrome in schizophrenia.MethodsStudied group consisted of 50 patients with diagnosed schizophrenia (F20) for at least 10 years, including 14 patients with deficit schizophrenia (DS) and 36 patients with non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS). DS and NDS did not differ significantly in age, BMI, duration of schizophrenia, types and doses of antipsychotics (chlorpromazine equivalent), but differed in sex (x2=4.28,p=0.039). Concentrations of inflammatory markers i.e. IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,TNFα,IFNγ,CRP were measured in serum using sensitive ELISA assays.ResultsInitial analysis showed significantly lower concentration of IL-8 in DS compared to NDS (t=-3.18,p=0.002). This association remain significant (F=7.63,p=0.0085) after co-varying for age, sex, BMI, duration of schizophrenia, type of antipsychotic medications and antipsychotics doses. Multiple logistic regression showed that female gender (OR=0.18 [0.04-0.87],p=0.034) and higher IL-8 concentrations (OR=0.03 [0.002-0.39],p=0.007) are independent predictors of lower odds of having DS.ConclusionsLow IL-8 concentrations seem to be promising predictor of the presence of DS in schizophrenia patients, but results need further investigations. The research was funded by Polish Minister of Science and Higher Education’s program named “Regional Initiative of Excellence” in 2019–2022, grant number 002/RID/2018/2019 to the amount of 12000000PLN and by National Science Centre, Poland (2019/03/X/NZ5/00719)DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Substance Use, Self-Prescription and Burnout in Belgian Medical Doctors
Authors: Dom G. 
Published: September 2022

Alcohol, psychoactive substance abuse, and burnout are areas of significant problems within health care professionals and medical doctors. In 2011 we did a survey (n = 1601) in Belgium among the medical specialists. Beginning of 2021, exactly 10 years after the first survey, we repeated the survey this time among both medical specialists, general practitioners, and pharmacists. The results of this survey (N = 4361) will be presented and tendencies compared with international findings. We discuss the findings from both the longitudinal perspective using our 2011 data and also from the perspective of the impact of the Covid19 pandemic on health professionals.DisclosureNo significant relationships.