bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bergenia ciliata as a future candidate for liver diseases: a concise review
Authors: Latief Uzma , Tung Gurleen Kaur , Singh Harjeet , Per Tasir Sharief , Jain Subheet Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLiver cirrhosis, alcoholic liver diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver and steatohepatitis are the major risk factors for liver damage leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxidative stress and insulin resistance are the main pathogenetic mechanisms leading the hepatic cell injury and damage in these patients. The present review is the first attempt which focuses on the biological activities ofBergenia ciliatato explore its benefits and possible applications in the treatment of liver ailments.Bergenia ciliatais an evergreen herb belonging to the family saxifragaceae and is regarded as a miracle herb due to its wide medicinal applications. The data published in India and other nations are methodically reviewed and summarized in this article. It covers the facts collected from scientific journals, theses and online bibliographical databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science from year 1995–2020. The phytochemical studies onB. ciliatahave shown the presence of many phytochemicals belonging to phenols, flavonoids, fatty acid, glycosides, terpenoids, etc. Due to the presence of a multitude of these bioactives, the whole plant ofB. ciliatahas numerous medicinal applications such as diuretic, antipyretic, α-glucosidase, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activity. Therefore in the present study, we invite the attention of scientists and researchers to carry out further clinical and toxicological studies on this valuable plant in order to discover and develop novel hepatoprotective medicine with fewer side effects on human beings.
Effect of temperature and soil moisture on the efficacy of indigenous and imported strains of the entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis sp. against the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera/Noctuidae)
Authors: Nouh Gehan M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Biotic and abiotic factors influence survival, infectivity, development, reproduction, and activity of the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). EPNs have been used to suppress the soil-inhabitant insects, which applied as a successful biological control agent against the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera/Noctuidae) larvae, and pupae.

Results
Studying the effect of different temperatures 20, 25, and 30°C ± 2, and the soil moisture content at 10, 15, and 25% on the susceptibility of two Heterorhabditis sp. strains, Egyptian strain (TAN5) and imported strain (Hb88) against the A. ipsilon 4th and 6th larval instars and 3-day-old pupae was carried out under laboratory conditions. The tested concentrations of the two strains were 30, 60, 120, 240, and 480 IJs/cm2 of soil surface. The mortality rate of 4th instar A. ipsilon larvae was high after Heterorhabditis strain TAN5 treatments at all concentrations, which ranged between (24 and 100%) and (6–100%) at 25°C and 30°C, respectively. At 20°C, Heterorhabditis strain Hb88 recorded higher mortality percentages for A. ipsilon 4th and 6th larval instars and pupae than the indigenous strain TAN5. The soil moisture content of 25% gave the highest mortality rates for the 4th instar larvae of A. ipsilon after treatments of the two strains. The Egyptian Heterorhabditis strain TAN5 was tolerant to the increase in temperature and more tolerant to the change in the water content of the soil than the imported strain Hb88 at all concentrations tested. In a semi-field experiment, Heterorhabditis strain TAN5 at concentrations between (1000–8000 IJs/cm2 of soil surface) showed mortality rates (27–95%) for 4th instar A. ipsilon larvae and (19–81%) for the 3-day-old pupae, respectively.

Conclusions
Heterorhabditis strains TAN5 can was utilized against the black cutworm of A. ipsilon at the temperatures 25 and 30°C. Heterorhabditis strains TAN5 and Hb88 can be utilized against the black cutworm of A. ipsilon at the soil moisture content from 15 to 25%. In the semi-field experiment, Heterorhabditis TAN5 and Hb88 strains were effective against larvae and pupae of A. ipsilon at high concentrations of the nematodes.
Biological evaluation of the efficacy of two different anesthetic solutions in pain control during extraction of mandibular second primary molars
Authors: Sharaf Rasha F. , Kabel Nihal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The most critical part in management of children in the dental clinic is control of pain and this can be achieved through local anesthesia. When the treatment plan includes extraction of mandibular primary molars, the nerve block technique is the technique of choice for administration of local anesthesia. However, this technique is accompanied with discomfort due to deep penetration of the needle, possibility of nerve injury, hematoma as well as risk of self-inflicted trauma. Therefore, researchers have searched for an alternative technique to facilitate providing painless dental treatment for the child with avoidance of the possible complications of the nerve block technique, and this can be achieved by using a strong and deeply penetrating type of local anesthesia like articaine 4% that can be effective when administered with infiltration technique. The aim of the current study was to compare the efficacy of infiltration anesthesia using alexadricaine 4% and Mepecaine-L 2% in control of pain during extraction of lower 2nd primary molars in children and to compare the change in the heart rate that occurs as a consequence of pain during extraction. A total of 50 children were included in the current study, pain assessment was performed through measuring physiological parameter (pulse rate), subjective parameter (Wong–Baker Facial Pain Scale) and objective parameter (Sound Eye Motor scale). Results showed that there was significant increase in the pulse rate in both groups, while extraction using alexadricaine showed significantly lower pain scores either with Wong–Baker Facial Pain Scale (WBFPS) or with Sound Eye Motor scale (SEM).

Conclusions
Using a potent anesthetic solution like alexadricaine 4% facilitates extraction of mandibular primary molars, and achieves efficient pain control, with infiltration technique only without any need for the invasive nerve block technique.
Nonparametric Test for a class of Lifetime Distribution UBAC(2) Based on the Laplace Transform
Authors: Abu-Youssef S. E. , Ali N. S. A. , El-Toony A. A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTesting various classes of life distributions have been considered a very important problem in the literature during the last decades, and many authors tried to solve it. In this paper, a new statistic technique for testing exponentiality versus the class of life distribution used better than aged in increasing concave ordering (UBAC(2)) is introduced based on the Laplace transform. For this proposed test, the critical values, the pitman’s asymptotic efficiency and the power of the test are calculated via simulation to assess the performance of the test. A new nonparametric test statistic for testing exponentiality versus UBAC(2) for right censored data is proposed, and the critical values are tabulated. Finally, real data are used for complete and censored data by using our proposed test.
A proposed framework for holding intensive 3Rs workshops in laboratory animal science
Authors: Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh Siavash , Sadighi Jila , Hatami Zahra , Shamsi Gooshki Ehsan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrinciples of 3Rs are the backbone of today’s animal research. Applying 3Rs in practice requires proper education and training. Although this could be achieved via long-term courses ranging from several weeks to years, in some circumstances a short-term course may be the only viable option. In this paper we define scientific and ethical objectives for running short-term 3Rs workshops. To meet these objectives, we propose a 2-day workshop curriculum and an ethical framework. The curriculum comprises theoretical and practical sessions and covers Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement strategies. The ethical framework defines the responsibilities of lecturers and attendees, and proposes the animals and facilities requirements to run the proposed workshop curriculum. The attendees will be assessed at the end of the workshop and they receive certificates for working under supervision until they are deemed competent at their intended functions. The proposed curriculum and framework are not subscriptive, instead they share the experience gained through running more than 60 laboratory animal 3Rs workshops.
Outside-in technique versus inside-out semitendinosus graft harvest technique in ACLR: a randomised control trial
Authors: Sundararajan Silvampatti Ramasamy , Ramakanth Rajagopalakrishnan , Jha Amit Kumar , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Paraesthesia after hamstring graft harvest is a ubiquitous complication in the early post-operative period, and its correlation with vertical versus horizontal skin incision are well documented. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the incidence and extent/area of sensory loss of saphenous nerve branches occurring with the outside-in (OI) versus inside-out technique (IO) of semitendinosus graft harvest from the sartorius fascia and to determine a better method of graft harvest.

Methods
Sixty patients who underwent isolated semitendinosus graft harvest during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) between 2016 and 2017. Patients were randomised into two groups depending on the graft harvest technique: 30 in the OI group and 30 in the IO group. The area of sensory loss was mapped on the patients’ skin using tactile feedback from the patients at each follow-up (10 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year). Then, the area of sensory changes for the infrapatellar branch (IPBSN) and sartorial branch (SBSN) of the saphenous nerve, incision length, graft harvest duration, and graft length were analysed statistically between the groups.

Results
In groups 1 and 2, 18/30 (60%) and 19/30 (63%) of patients, respectively, developed sensory changes, with no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.79). Isolated SBSN and IPBSN paraesthesia occurred in 2/60 (3%) and 19/60 (32%), respectively. Combined SBSN and IPBSN paraesthesia was present in 16/60 (27%) of patients. There was no significant difference in the area of the sensory deficit between OI and IO groups on the 10th post-operative day or at 1-month, 3-month or 1-year follow-up (p = 0.723, p = 0.308, p = 0.478, p = 0.128, respectively). However, at 6-month follow-up, the area of paraesthesia was significantly higher in the IO group (p = 0.009). The length of incision and duration of graft harvest was higher in the OI group than in the IO group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.007, respectively), and the total length of the graft was greater in the IO group (p = 0.04).

Conclusion
Incidence is equally distributed, area of iatrogenic saphenous nerve injury gradually decreases, and recovery is seen in the majority of the patients in both graft harvest techniques. IO graft harvesting technique is better in terms of graft harvest time and cosmetics and yields longer graft; however, area of paraesthesia, though not significant, was two-fold higher than the OI technique at 1-year follow-up.

Clinical relevance
IO graft harvest technique would enable the surgeon to adopt quicker graft harvest, smaller surgical scar and lengthier graft than the OI technique.

Level of evidence
Therapeutic randomised controlled prospective study, Level II.
Contemporary results of transcatheter mitral valve procedures: bi-centric retrospective analysis
Authors: Owais Tamer , El Garhy Mohammad , Elvinger Sebastian , Harmel Eva , Gross Tatiana Maria Sequeria , Lapp Harald , Kuntze Thomas , Von Scheidt Wolfgang , Girdauskas Evaldas , Al-Jassem Mahmoud , Lauten Philipp 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve (TMVIV) or valve-in-ring (TMVIR) replacement offer an alternative therapy for high risk patients. We aimed to highlight the operative and postoperative results of TMVIV and TMVIR procedures.

Results
We included all patients underwent TMVIV and TMVIR procedures between 2017 and 2020 at two heart centers in Germany. We included a total of 36 high risk patients in our study where 12 received TMVIV and 24 received TMVIR. All patients underwent TMVIV or TMVIR with Edwards Sapien XT or S3 transcatheter valves (Edwards Lifesciences). The mean age was 79 (75–83 years old). The median (IQR) preoperative STS score was 9 (7–13)% and EuroSCORE II was 14.5% (12–16). The majority of our patients were operated via transapical approach (n = 26) and the minority via transseptal approach (n = 10). Out of our records, none of our patients required reopening for bleeding or any other surgical complications. None of our patients required reintervention during the 6 months follow-up period. One mortality was recorded on fifth postoperative day due to low cardiac output syndrome (obviously because of LVOT obstruction by the anterior mitral leaflet). The average blood loss was 200 ml in the first 24 h in patients underwent transapical approach. Average operative time was 93 min and all patients were immediately extubated after the procedure in the operating room (even the patient with echocardiographically documented LVOT obstruction who died on the fifth postoperative day). Length of Intensive Care Unit stay was 2 ± 1.2 days and length of hospital stay was 4.1 ± 1.2 days. In the follow up period, echocardiograms showed normal prosthetic valve function with low transvalvular gradients, no LVOT obstruction in TMVIR cases and no evidence of valve migration or thrombosis (except in one patient). Concerning 6 months readmission, it was recorded in 2 patients due to right sided heart failure symptoms due to preexisting high degree of tricuspid valve regurge which did not disappear or even decrease after the operation and the other patient due to gastrointestinal bleeding.

Conclusions
TMVIV and TMVIR offer an efficient, safe and less invasive alternative in high surgical risk patients.
Switching from warfarin to direct-acting oral anticoagulants: it is time to move forward!
Authors: Abdelnabi Mahmoud , Benjanuwattra Juthipong , Okasha Osama , Almaghraby Abdallah , Saleh Yehia , Gerges Fady 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOral vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), warfarin, have been in routine clinical use for almost 70 years for various cardiovascular conditions. Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as competitive alternatives for VKAs to prevent stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and have become the preferred choice in several clinical indications for anticoagulation. Recent guidelines have limited the use of DOACs to patients with non-valvular AF to reduce the risk of cardioembolic complications and to treat venous thromboembolism (VTE). Although emerging evidence is suggestive of its high efficacy, there was a lack of data to support DOACs safety profile in patients with mechanical valve prosthesis, intracardiac thrombi, or other conditions such as cardiac device implantation or catheter ablation. Therefore, several clinical trials have been conducted to assess the beneficial effects of using DOACs, instead of VKAs, for various non-guideline-approved indications. This review aimed to discuss the current guideline-approved indications for DOACs, advantages, and limitations of DOACs use in various clinical indications highlighting the potential emerging indications and remaining challenges for DOACs use. Several considerations are in favour of switching from warfarin to DOACs including superior efficacy, better adverse effect profile, fewer drug-drug interactions, and they do not require frequent international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring. Large randomized controlled trials are required to determine the safety and efficacy of their use in various clinical indications.
Correlation of qanadli obstruction index (QOI) and atrial size on CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Dakshin Vishnu , Hiremath Rudresh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a potentially fatal and life-threatening variation of venous thromboembolism (Faghihi Langroudi et al. in Radiol Res Pract 2:1–6, 2019). Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) has been proven to be an invaluable first-line diagnostic tool in the early identification of pulmonary thromboembolism (Aviram et al. J Thromb Haemost 9(2):293–299, 2011; Ghaye et al. in RadioGraphics. 26 1 23 39, 2006). Preliminary studies have suggested the correlation between atrial size and clot burden in the pulmonary arteries in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (Faghihi Langroudi et al. in Radiol Res Pract 2:1–6, 2019; Aviram et al. J Thromb Haemost 9(2):293–299, 2011). Clot burden is calculated by applying the CTPA dependent score—Qanadli Obstruction Index (QOI)/Pulmonary Arterial Obstruction Index (PAOI) in the pulmonary arteries.

Results
There was a significant negative correlation between left atrial/right atrial area, left atrial/right atrial short axis and left atrial/right atrial long axis with the PAOI, especially the left atrial/right atrial area ratio and left atrial/right atrial short axis ratio, which showed the most significant negative correlation. Additionally, an LA/RA area of ≤ 0.60 correlated with a PAOI of > 20 and an obstruction percentage of > 50%, which can serve as a predictor of right ventricular dysfunction.

Conclusions
These atrial dimensions can serve as additional early parameters that reflect changes in the cardiac morphology in response to the clot load within the pulmonary arteries, and can thus contribute towards a more comprehensive risk assessment in patients with acute pulmonary thrombo-embolism.
Shoulder adhesive capsulitis: can clinical data correlate with fat-suppressed T2 weighted MRI findings?
Authors: Mohammed Mariam Hussein , Fahmi Fady Micheal , Shehata Khaled Ali , Elia Remon Zaher 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Adhesive capsulitis (AC) of the shoulder or frozen shoulder is a debilitating condition characterized by progressive pain, stiffness and limited range of motion about the glenohumeral joint, the term (adhesive capsulitis) to describe the findings of chronic inflammation and fibrosis of the joint capsule, characterized by significant restriction of both active and passive shoulder motion that occurs in the absence of a known intrinsic shoulder disorder. The goal of the trial was to examine the association between clinical features (stages) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.

Results
In our study, Regarding the diagnostic performance of shoulder MRI there is a statistically significant difference between degree of pain intensity according to Capsular thickening regarding humeral “mm” with p-value (p < 0.05). The highest value was found moderate and severe pain group (5.67 ± 1.39) compared to absent, minimal and mild pain group (4.42 ± 1.29), there was a statistically significant difference between two groups according to axillary recess regarding height “mm” with p-value (p < 0.05). The highest value was found absent, minimal and mild pain group (7.02 ± 2.68) compared to moderate and severe pain group (5.73 ± 2.25). There is no statistically significant association between pain intensity and MRI finding regarding capsular edema, extra capsular edema, obliteration of subcoracoid fat triangle, effusion of biceps tendon sheath, capsular thickening of glenoid (mm) and humeral portions of axillary recess and axillary recess width and height (mm), with p-value (p > 0.05 NS).

Conclusions
MRI is useful for assessing clinical impairment and predicting the clinical stage of adhesive capsulitis.
A framework to guide storytelling as a knowledge translation intervention for health-promoting behaviour change
Authors: Brooks Stephanie P. , Zimmermann Gabrielle L. , Lang Michael , Scott Shannon D. , Thomson Denise , Wilkes Gil , Hartling Lisa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Stories can be a powerful tool to increase uptake of health information, a key goal of knowledge translation (KT). Systematic reviews demonstrate that storytelling (i.e. sharing stories) can be effective in changing health-promoting behaviours. Though an attractive KT strategy, storytelling is a complex approach requiring careful planning and consideration of multiple factors. We sought to develop a framework to assist KT researchers and practitioners in health contexts to consider and develop effective KT interventions that include stories or storytelling.

Methods
We conducted a broad search of the literature to identify studies that used storytelling as a KT intervention across different disciplines: health research, education, policy development, anthropology, organizational development, technology research, and media. We extracted purposes, theories, models, mechanisms, and outcomes and then mapped the theoretical and practical considerations from the literature onto the Medical Research Council guidance for complex interventions. The theoretical and practical considerations uncovered comprised the basis of the storytelling framework development. Through discussion and consensus, methodological experts refined and revised the framework for completeness, accuracy, nuance, and usability.

Results
We used a complex intervention lens paired with existing behaviour change techniques to guide appropriate theory-based intervention planning and practical choices. An intentional approach to the development of story-based KT interventions should involve three phases. The theory phase specifies the goal of the intervention, mechanisms of action, and behaviour change techniques that will achieve the intended effects. The modelling phase involves development and testing using an iterative approach, multiple methods and engagement of end-users. Finally, formal evaluation using multiple methods helps determine whether the intervention is having its intended effects and value added.

Conclusions
This framework provides practical guidance for designing story-based KT interventions. The framework was designed to make explicit the requisite considerations when determining the appropriateness and/or feasibility of storytelling KT, clarify intervention goals and audience, and subsequently, support the development and testing of storytelling interventions. The framework presents considerations as opposed to being prescriptive. The framework also offers an opportunity to further develop theory and the KT community’s understanding of effectiveness and mechanisms of action in storytelling interventions.
Costus root extract improves testicular toxicity of Bisphenol A in adult male albino rats: histopathological, ultrastructural and biochemical studies
Authors: Osman Hosam-Eldin Hussein , ELSahra Doaa Galal , Alamin Amin A. , El-Kenawy Ayman El-Meghawry , Salem Rasha R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Bisphenol A (BPA) causes environmental pollution and is used as a natural antioxidant to protect against chemical side-effects. Costus is a well-known medicinal plant containing several biologically active compounds. We investigated the protective effects of costus extract against the toxic effects of BPA in the rat testes.

Results
Biochemical and immunohistochemical investigations revealed that bisphenol reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and plasma testosterone levels and significantly increased P53. Co-administration of costus root extract with BPA improved the depletion of antioxidant enzymes, returned testosterone to normal levels, and improved P53 alternations. Histological and ultrastructural examinations showed that BPA reduced body and testicular weights, and the degeneration of seminiferous tubule germ cells, and the use of costus root extract with BPA attenuated these toxic effects.

Conclusions
Costus protects rat testes against the toxic effects of BPA.