bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fe3+-substitution effect on the thermal variation of J–E characteristics and DC resistivity of quadruple perovskite CaCu3Ti4O12
Authors: Modi Kunal B. , Raval Pooja Y. , Parekh Dolly J. , Modi Shrey K. , Joshi Niketa P. , Makadiya Akshay R. , Vasoya Nimish H. , Joshi Utpal S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The electrical properties of cubic perovskite series, CaCu3–x
Ti4–x
Fe2x
O12 with x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, have been studied by employing current density as a function of electric field characteristics registered at different temperatures and thermal variations of direct current electrical resistivity measurements. All of the compositions exhibit strong non-ohmic behavior. The concentration dependence of breakdown field, the temperature at which switching action takes place, and maximum value of current density (J
max) has been explained on account of structural, microstructural, and positron lifetime parameters. The highest ever reported value of J
max = 327 mA/cm2 has been observed for pristine composition. The values of the nonlinear coefficient advise the suitability of ceramics for low-voltage varistor applications. The Arrhenius plots show typical semiconducting nature. The activation energy values indicate that electric conduction proceeds through electrons with deformation in the system.
Ultra wideband CMOS digital T-type attenuator with low phase errors
Authors: Fan Chao , Ran Yahua , Ye Liqun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A proposed inductive-phase-compensation ultra wideband CMOS digital T-type attenuator design based on an analysis of minimising phase errors is presented in this letter. In a standard CMOS technology, the proposed attenuator is analytically demonstrated to have low phase errors due to the inductive-phase-compensation network. A design equation is inferred and a wide-band 4dB attenuation bit digital attenuator with low phase errors is designed as a test vehicle for the proposed approach.
Instability of parasitic capacitance in T-shape-gate enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMTs
Authors: Bi Lan , Yao Yixu , Jiang Qimeng , Huang Sen , Wang Xinhua , Jin Hao , Dai Xinyue , Xu Zhengyuan , Fan Jie , Yin Haibo , Wei Ke , Liu Xinyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Parasitic capacitances associated with overhangs of the T-shape-gate enhancement-mode (E-mode) GaN-based power device, were investigated by frequency/voltage-dependent capacitance–voltage and inductive-load switching measurements. The overhang capacitances induce a pinch-off voltage distinguished from that of the E-mode channel capacitance in the gate capacitance and the gate–drain capacitance characteristic curves. Frequency- and voltage-dependent tests confirm the instability caused by the trapping of interface/bulk states in the LPCVD-SiN
x
passivation dielectric. Circuit-level double pulse measurement also reveals its impact on switching transition for power switching applications.
Dynamic land use implications of rapidly expanding and evolving wind power deployment
Authors: Harrison-Atlas Dylan , Lopez Anthony , Lantz Eric 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The expansion of wind power poses distinct and varied geographic challenges to a sustainable energy transition. However, current knowledge of its land use impacts and synergies is limited by reliance on static characterizations that overlook the role of turbine technology and plant design in mediating interactions with the environment. Here, we investigate how wind technology development and innovation have shaped landscape interactions with social and ecological systems within the United States and contribute to evolving land area requirements. This work assesses trends in key land use facets of wind power using a holistic set of metrics to establish an evidence base that researchers, technology designers, land use managers, and policymakers can use in envisioning how future wind-intensive energy systems may be jointly optimized for clean energy, social, and environmental objectives. Since 2000, we find dynamic land occupancy patterns and regional trends that are driven by advancing technology and geographic factors. Though most historical U.S. wind deployment has been confined to the temperate grassland biome in the nation’s interior, regional expansion has implicated diverse land use and cover types. A large percentage of the typical wind plant footprint (∼96% to

>

99%) is not directly impacted by permanent physical infrastructure, allowing for multiple uses in the spaces between turbines. Surprisingly, turbines are commonly close to built structures. Moreover, rangeland and cropland have supported 93.4% of deployment, highlighting potential synergies with agricultural lands. Despite broadly decreasing capacity densities, offsetting technology improvements have stabilized power densities. Land use intensity, defined as the ratio of direct land usage to lifetime power generation of wind facilities, has also trended downwards. Although continued deployment on disturbed lands, and in close proximity to existing wind facilities and other infrastructure, could minimize the extent of impacts, ambitious decarbonization trajectories may predispose particular biomes to cumulative effects and risks from regional wind power saturation. Increased land-use and sustainability feedback in technology and plant design will be critical to sustainable management of wind power.
Nonreciprocal Goos–Hänchen effect at the reflection of electromagnetic waves from the one-dimensional magnetized ferrite photonic crystals
Authors: Shi Yuan-Kun , Wan Bao-Fei , Zhang Hai-Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Leveraging the traditional transfer matrix and stationary phase methods, the nonreciprocal Goos–Hänchen (GH) phenomena for the electromagnetic (EM) waves reflected at the surface of the one-dimensional photonic crystals with ferrite layers and dielectric layers are investigated numerically. The GH effect (the peak of the lateral shift value up to over 200 times the wavelength) produced by the forward and backward incidence of EM waves under the transverse electric wave is identified to arise at significantly different frequency positions in the terahertz (THz) regime, whereas the transverse magnetic wave produces almost no GH effect under the same condition. Based on such a nonreciprocal phenomenon, the effect of the incident angle on the nonreciprocal properties is covered initially, for every 20° increase in the angle of the incident TE wave, the frequency span at which the two GH shift peaks emerge will decrease by 0.1 THz. In addition, the thicknesses of dielectric layers are modified separately, and distinct sensitivities of them to the nonreciprocal phenomenon are displayed. Lastly, through the regulation of the external magnetic fields of ferrite layers, the nonreciprocal effect can be selectively presented in multiple forms, which provides a novel pathway to design nonreciprocal sensors.
Air-clad photonic lanterns: fabrication and applications
Authors: Mathew Neethu Mariam , Grüner-Nielsen Lars , Lillieholm Mads , Galili Michael , Rottwitt Karsten 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The fabrication steps for an air-clad photonic lantern that can excite the first two LP mode groups in a multimode fiber are presented in this paper. A multiplexing crosstalk below −16.8 dB is measured on the fabricated lantern using S
2 imaging technique over a wavelength of 1525–1575 nm. The de-multiplexing crosstalk is measured for both LP
01 and LP
11 mode groups as −16.8 dB and −9.4 dB respectively using loss measurements.

2
×
40

Gbs−1 MIMO-less mode division multiplexing (MDM) transmission through 7 m of two mode step index fiber is demonstrated using the fabricated photonic lanterns.

2
×
10

Gbs−1 MIMO-less MDM transmission through 1.6 km standard 50/125 µm multimode fiber is also demonstrated and a Q value higher than 3.7 is obtained for both spatial channels over all input polarizations. Simple intensity modulation and direct detection schemes are used for these MDM transmissions.
New horizons in evidence-based care for older people: individual participant data meta-analysis
Authors: Clegg Andrew , Bandeen-Roche Karen , Farrin Amanda , Forster Anne , Gill Thomas M , Gladman John , Kerse Ngaire , Lindley Richard , McManus Richard J , Melis Rene , Mujica-Mota Ruben , Raina Parminder , Rockwood Kenneth , Teh Ruth , van der Windt Danielle , Witham Miles 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Evidence-based decisions on clinical and cost-effectiveness of interventions are ideally informed by meta-analyses of intervention trial data. However, when undertaken, such meta-analyses in ageing research have typically been conducted using standard methods whereby summary (aggregate) data are extracted from published trial reports. Although meta-analysis of aggregate data can provide useful insights into the average effect of interventions within a selected trial population, it has limitations regarding robust conclusions on which subgroups of people stand to gain the greatest benefit from an intervention or are at risk of experiencing harm. Future evidence synthesis using individual participant data from ageing research trials for meta-analysis could transform understanding of the effectiveness of interventions for older people, supporting evidence-based and sustainable commissioning. A major advantage of individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA) is that it enables examination of characteristics that predict treatment effects, such as frailty, disability, cognitive impairment, ethnicity, gender and other wider determinants of health. Key challenges of IPDMA relate to the complexity and resources needed for obtaining, managing and preparing datasets, requiring a meticulous approach involving experienced researchers, frequently with expertise in designing and analysing clinical trials. In anticipation of future IPDMA work in ageing research, we are establishing an international Ageing Research Trialists collective, to bring together trialists with a common focus on transforming care for older people as a shared ambition across nations.
SimSCSnTree: a simulator of single-cell DNA sequencing data
Authors: Mallory Xian Fan , Nakhleh Luay 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSummaryWe report on a new single-cell DNA sequence simulator, SimSCSnTree, which generates an evolutionary tree of cells and evolves single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number aberrations (CNAs) along its branches. Data generated by the simulator can be used to benchmark tools for single-cell genomic analyses, particularly in cancer where SNVs and CNAs are ubiquitous.Availability and implementationSimSCSnTree is now on BioConda and also is freely available for download at https://github.com/compbiofan/SimSCSnTree.git with detailed documentation.
Survival after active surveillance versus upfront surgery for incidental small pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Ricci Claudio , Partelli Stefano , Landoni Luca , Rinzivillo Maria , Ingaldi Carlo , Andreasi Valentina , Savegnago Giulia , Muffatti Francesca , Fontana Michele , Tamburrino Domenico , Deiro Giacomo , Alberici Laura , Campana Davide , Panzuto Francesco , Tuveri Massimiliano , Bassi Claudio , Salvia Roberto , Falconi Massimo , Casadei Riccardo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The safety of observing small non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NF-Pan-NETs) remains under debate.

Methods
This was a multicentre retrospective study of patients with small incidental NF-Pan-NETs. Survival of patients who underwent upfront surgery versus active surveillance was compared. The risk of death was matched with that in the healthy population. The excess hazard rate and probability of a normal lifespan (NLP) were calculated. Propensity score matching (PSM) with a 1 : 1 ratio was used to minimize the risk of selection bias.

Results
Some 222 patients (43.7 per cent) underwent upfront surgery and 285 (56.3 per cent) were observed. The excess hazard rate for the entire cohort was quantifiable as 0.04 (95 per cent c.i. 0 to 0.08) deaths per 1000 persons per year, and the NLP was 99.7 per cent. Patients in the active surveillance group were older (median age 65 versus 58 years; P &lt; 0.001), and more often had co-morbidity (45.3 versus 24.8 per cent; P = 0.001), and smaller tumours (median 12 versus 13 mm; P &lt; 0.001), less frequently located in the pancreatic body–tail (59.5 versus 69.6 per cent; P = 0.008, 59.3 versus 73.9 per cent; P = 0.001). Median follow-up was longer for patients who underwent upfront surgery (5.6 versus 2.7 years; P &lt; 0.001). After PSM, 118 patients per group were included. The excess hazard rates were 0.2 and 0.9 deaths per 1000 persons per year (P = 0.020) for patients in the active surveillance and upfront surgery groups respectively. Corresponding NLPs were 99.9 and 99.5 per cent respectively (P = 0.011).

Conclusion
Active surveillance of small incidental NF-Pan-NETs is a reasonable alternative to resection.
Brain Death, the Soul, and Material Dispositions
Authors: Lee Patrick 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
I defend the position argued previously by Germain Grisez and me that total brain death is a valid criterion of death on the grounds that a human being is essentially a rational animal, and a brain-dead body lacks the radical capacity for rational actions. I reply to Josef Seifert’s objection that our positions rest on a reductionist view of the human person, and to other objections concerning the inter-relation between the human soul, its powers, and functions of the brain. I argue that a brain-dead body lacks the material dispositions needed for having the form or soul of a human being.
Amon Wilbee and Leveller Beginnings, 1647–8
Authors: De Krey Gary S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Amon Wilbee was the authorial pseudonym for four tracts critical of the Long Parliament that appeared between July 1647 and May 1648. Wilbee depicted leading MPs as corrupt, self-interested, and insensitive to the needs of the people. These tracts reveal much about the origins of the Levellers; but, because of their uncertain authorship, they have received little attention from civil war historians. This essay provides the first systematic examination of their authorship, publishing contexts, and relevance to scholarly interpretation of the Levellers. Extensive textual comparisons suggest that William Walwyn was probably the principal drafter of the Amon Wilbee tracts; Richard Overton and Edward Sexby are also identified as likely contributors.
Amon Wilbee’s political posture evolved from anti-Presbyterianism in July 1647 to a broader disillusionment with leading Independents and the Long Parliament itself by November 1647. Wilbee’s polemical trajectory is consistent with recent scholarly assertions that the Levellers did not fully emerge as a detached political faction until the autumn of 1647. The authorship and print history of these publications point to a convergence of civilian and army radicals in the emergence of the Levellers at that time. As political propaganda, the Wilbee tracts sought to influence and mobilise a radical Independent community of discourse in London, nearby counties, and the New Model Army from which the initial Leveller following was drawn. The essay also bears significantly on interpretations of the Leveller authors’ attitudes towards monarchy and republicanism and helps explain why the Levellers attracted ordinary people.
Long-term outcome of patients undergoing re-exploration for bleeding following cardiac surgery: a SWEDEHEART study
Authors: Heimisdottir Alexandra A , Nielsen Susanne J , Karlsson Martin , Jeppsson Anders , Gudbjartsson Tomas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Excessive bleeding leading to re-exploration is a severe complication of cardiac surgical procedures, associated with early postoperative morbidity and mortality. Less is known about the long-term outcome of these patients. We evaluated the impact of re-exploration after cardiac surgery on peri- and postoperative morbidity and mortality, as well long-term mortality, in a well-defined nationwide population.

METHODS
In this retrospective study, 48 060 consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/or valve surgery from 2006 to 2015 were analysed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with re-exploration, morbidity and mortality. Cox regression analysis was implemented to explore the association between re-exploration and long-term mortality. The mean follow-up time was 4.6 years (range 0–10 years) with follow-up time set at 31 December 2015.

RESULTS
Overall, 2371 patients (4.9%) underwent re-exploration. Factors associated with re-exploration included advanced age, procedures other than isolated CABG and acute surgery. Re-explored patients had an increased risk of unadjusted mortality at 30, 90 and beyond 90 days (all P &lt; 0.001). Significance was maintained after adjustment at 30 days [odds ratio: 3.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.19–4.85, P &lt; 0.001] and 90 days (odds ratio: 3.79, 95% CI: 3.14–4.55, P &lt; 0.001), but not with long-term mortality (hazard ratio: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.91–1.15, P = 0.712). Furthermore, re-exploration was independently associated with other postoperative complications, e.g. prolonged hospital stay, stroke and renal injury.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients who are re-explored for bleeding within 24 h have almost four-fold higher odds of mortality within 3 months post-procedure. However, the increased risk of death following re-exploration is not maintained in the long term.
MICROBE-OPOLY: exploring the microbial world through associations
Authors: Soule Tanya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This commentary describes the creation of a microbiology-themed Monopoly™ gameboard assignment for studying microbial diversity. Students worked in groups to redesign the standard Monopoly™ playing tokens, currency, action cards, properties, and special spaces for any microbial-themed topic using a provided template. A postassignment anonymous survey found that the students enjoyed this assignment and the opportunity to share their knowledge in a unique and creative format. While this assignment is especially amenable to microbiology due the large diversity seen in the microbial world, it could easily be adapted to other topics such as genetics, chemistry, or even math, where categorical associations or patterns are prevalent.
Mapping the edge of subducted slabs in the lower mantle beneath southern Asia
Authors: Rochira Federica , Schumacher Lina , Thomas Christine 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARYWe investigate the presence of seismic structures in the Earth's mantle by searching for seismic signals that travel off the great circle path direction and are reflected or scattered off structures in the lower mantle. We focus on areas of current and past subduction beneath Eurasia by using events from Indonesia and Japan recorded at the broad-band stations in Germany, Morocco and Namibia. Applying seismic array techniques, we measure the direction and traveltime of the out-of-plane arrivals and backtrace them to their location of reflection/scattering. We backtrace the signals as P-to-P and S-to-P waves and extend the methodology to P-to-S waves. There seems to be a low number of reflection points in the regions beneath Eurasia in our study. Investigating possible causes, we find that the focal mechanism influences the presence of out-of-plane reflected waves. However, the potential coverage with our data set is large and should allow detection, but there may potentially be few seismically visible structures in the region. Most of our backtraced reflectors are located beneath southern Asia and are found shallower than 1500 km depth. They correlate well with the edges of prominent high velocity anomalies in tomographic inversions beneath southern Asia, which have been interpreted as remnants of fossil slabs of the subduction of the Tethys Oceans. We also observe few reflectors deeper than 1600 km that are located away from subducting regions and their positions coincide with the eastern edge of the African low velocity anomaly. These observations suggest that the presence of reflectors in the mid-lower mantle is not exclusively related to current or past subducting regions, but widespread throughout the mantle.
Apple, Test of Acaricides, 1973
Authors: Asquith Dean , Hull Larry A. , Travis James W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Experimental sprays were applied to run-off to single-tree plots in a randomized block design with 2 replicates of Golden Delicious and 2 York Imperial. Treated single-trees were separated by others not sprayed with acaricides. Experi-mental sprays were applied with a John Bean sprayer, 35 gpm pump, equipped with a spray mast carrying 7 spray guns arranged to wet the uniformly trimmed trees. Spray dates for the test acaricides were: Replicates A and C only July 5 and 6 (Treatments Omite 6 E 118 ml and Vydate 4 EC 118 ml were not applied); on July 12 and 13 all treatments except Vydate were applied to all plots in all 4 replicates; a simi-lar spray was applied on August 15; Vydate spray dates were May 17, June 1, June 15, July 2, July 16, August 2, and August 20. Effec-tiveness of the test acaricides on the European red mite was assessed by counting the mites several times during the season on samples of 20 leaves/tree, 80/treatment. Until the last count of the season on August 23, mite counts for the York Imperial trees. Replicates A and C, and for the Golden Delicious trees. Replicates B and D, were kept separate. The count of twospotted spider mites, predatory mites: Amblyseiusfallacis, and Zetzelliamali on August 23 are shown as mites/100 leaves to make the differences between treatments more apparent. Apple aphid data were collected by counting the number of infested terminals out of 10/tree, 40/treatment. Also the number of infested leaves per infested terminal was counted and the average calculated. Aaverage temperatures were: June 71.30° F, July 73.32° F, and August 73.53° F. Rainfall in inches was: June 5.04, July 2.03, and August 4.57.
Arborvitae,

A

.

Cupressella

Control Berkeley, California, 1974-75
Authors: Koehler C. S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Established landscape planting of arborvitae shrubs, 4 to 7 feet in height, were sprayed with hand compression sprayers to point of complete coverage on April 12, 1974. Single plant plots were used with 4 replications of all treatments in a randomized complete block design. Adult moths were in flight on date of application. On March 14, 1975, 5 foliage tips were cut from each plot, weighed, and cocoons counted prior to emergence of 1975 generation of moths. On that date also, unsightliness ratings given to all plots based on rating of 1 to 10; represented no visible injury and 10 represented extreme browning.