bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The challenges of B2B innovation: using marketing analytics to plan and implement a successful digital catalog adoption
Authors: Wilson R. Dale , Stephens Anna M. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This study aims to demonstrate how marketing analytics can be used to identify the challenges a B2B company faced in the conversion from a hard-copy print catalog to a digital ordering system. Specifically, an empirical research approach identified the potential issues the company was likely to face in the digitalization of the company’s catalog.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the Qualtrics survey platform, a questionnaire was used to obtain a final sample of 332 customers (a 14.02% response rate) on a variety of issues related to the transition from the company’s current printed catalog to a digital catalog ordering system. A variety of data analysis procedures were used to gain insight and highlight potential issues in the move to a digital format.

Findings
A variety of potential stumbling blocks were identified that suggest the company should move forward with caution. The data analysis was used to suggest areas that needed to be emphasized in the rollout of the new digital ordering system.

Research limitations/implications
Like all marketing research, this application is limited by the methods used and the data generated by this study. Its implications suggest the potential use of marketing research before an important change in a B2B company’s marketing approach.

Practical implications
This paper provides an approach that can be used by firms considering a change to digitize key components of their marketing assets.

Originality/value
The research contributes to the B2B marketing literature by demonstrating how data-driven marketing analytics can be used to identify potential issues prior to the development of a new digital marketing approach used by B2B firms.
Another look at banks as lenders of first resort: evidence from the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Flynn Matthew , Wu Yufei 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This study aims to provide a fresh look at banks as lenders in and extending past the COVID-19 crisis, with a particular focus on examining the results of recent work by Lei et al. (2020).

Design/methodology/approach
The authors’ replication, as well as the original paper, uses a fixed-effects model on panel data. The authors discuss issues regarding data sources as well as use an array of panel data robustness checks to help ascertain an appropriate empirical specification for continued research of this type.

Findings
The authors show that the results of Lei et al. (2020) are sensitive to the data source, as well as the construction of the standard errors in their regression framework, with an appropriate specification uncovered through panel data statistical tests. The authors also provide some extensions to the original work by including interacted fixed-effects models and extending the sample period from 2020Q1 to 2021Q1, noting some changes in results.

Originality/value
The authors provide novel results on banks’ lending constraints both at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and shortly thereafter. The study also provides an empirical framework for future studies conducted on similar panel data sets.
Marketing/entrepreneurship interface research priorities (2023–2026)
Authors: Alqahtani Nasser , Uslay Can 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
To update the research priorities, this study aims to propose a roadmap to researchers who are interested in the marketing/entrepreneurship interface (MEI) and stimulate research by providing an agenda through a synthesis of the collective wisdom of the scholars in the field.

Design/methodology/approach
A-multi-stage data collection using questionnaires and interviews is used in this study. Multiple rounds of interviews spanning three Global Research Conferences on Marketing and Entrepreneurship (GRCME), followed by a survey seeking input from the attendees of these events and the members of the Entrepreneurial Marketing SIG of the American Marketing Association, were used in developing the proposed research priorities.

Findings
A comprehensive list of research priorities was developed categorizing them in terms of importance and level of interest. The list is a product of the collective wisdom of the field, distilled from several rounds of interviews and from a thorough analysis of the participants’ input to a comprehensive survey.

Originality/value
The current research provides scholars with MEI research priorities for 2023–2026.
Inkjet four-dimensional printing of shape memory polymers: a review
Authors: Nachimuthu Manikandan , P.K. Rajesh 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a review of four-dimensional (4D) printing of shape memory polymers using inkjet printing technology. 4D printing refers to the three-dimensional (3D) printing of smart materials capable of shape change or function modification with respect to time when activated by external stimuli. Inkjet printing has gained popularity because of the technical advantages such as non-contact deposition, multi-material printing, high resolution, high speed of printing and minimal post processing. This review will serve as a platform for understanding the inkjet 4D printing process and the shape memory capability of the polymer structures printed using inkjet printing.Design/methodology/approachThe approach used in this review was to search for and review research works related to inkjet 4D printing of shape memory polymers. The search period was limited for the duration 2013 to 2021 as the 4D printing technology came into light later in 2013. With the review of inkjet 4D printing of shape memory polymers, the shape memory capability of the inkjet-printed structures were also studied.FindingsWith the available research documents, it was found that the inkjet 4D printing technology gained momentum from 2016, three years after the introduction of the 4D printing technology. The key findings of this review show that inkjet 4D printing of shape memory polymers were primarily performed using commercial inkjet printers and polymer inks linked to the printers. Even though the inkjet printing technology is matured enough to print multiple materials, development of shape memory polymer inks for inkjet printability remains complex. To realize the full potential of inkjet 4D printing, novel polymer inks specific for inkjet printing needs development.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation to this review was the availability of research papers for review. Even though inkjet printing technology has grown to popularity in the graphics printing and publishing industry since its inception in the 19th century, the technology still needs to evolve in the printing of 3D structures due to the limitations in synthesizing inks that are inkjet printable. However, this research will serve as a platform for understating the current status of inkjet 4D printing and the limitations of the technology.Originality/valueThis review focuses only on the inkjet 4D printing of shape memory polymers among the generally summarized 4D printing review papers available. Currently, 4D printing of shape memory polymers is carried out using only the commercially available polymer printers. Also, researchers do not have the flexibility of modifying the polymer inks linked to the printers. This review can spur more research into the development of novel polymer inks specific for inkjet printing.
Early growing season weather variation, expectation formation and agricultural land allocation decisions in Ethiopia
Authors: Ahmed Musa Hasen , Tesfaye Wondimagegn Mesfin , Gassmann Franziska 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUsing unique crop‐specific data gathered over 7 years, we study if and how maize‐producing farmers in Ethiopia adjust their land allocation decisions in response to pre‐planting‐season weather variations. We show that farmers adjust their land allocation decisions in response to increased temperatures early in the growing season. In addition to quantifying a substantial adaptation margin that has not been documented before, our study also reveals the presence of a weather variation‐induced expansion of maize production into areas that are less suitable for maize cultivation.
Species diversity of the Culex pipiens complex in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Ryu Jihun , Choi Kwang Shik 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Culex pipiens complex, a common species in urban areas, has not yet caused a disease in the Republic of Korea, although it is abundant across residential areas. This complex is a major vector of West Nile virus in the United States. Additionally, Culex pipiens molestus and Culex pipiens pallens in the Republic of Korea are known to have vector competence. However, it is difficult to morphologically distinguish Culex pipiens complex species in the Republic of Korea. In this study, samples were collected from 48 sites near residential areas in the Republic of Korea, and the distribution of Culex pipiens complex species was firstly analyzed using species‐specific primers. Culex p. molestus and Cx. p. pallens were collected in large numbers in all the study regions except Ulleungdo, where the number of samples collected was five. Of the total 1063 samples, 70.1% were Cx. p. molestus and 29.9% were Cx. p. pallens. As there has been no research on the diversity of these species in the Republic of Korea, the results of this study would provide important baseline data for further studies on the Culex pipiens complex.
Comparing mixed models and Random Forest association tests using naturalgwas and a Striped Bass SNP data set
Authors: LeBlanc Nathalie M. , Pavey Scott A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we used the phenotype simulation package naturalgwas to test the performance of Zhao's Random Forest method in comparison to an uncorrected Random Forest test, latent factor mixed models (LFMM), genome‐wide efficient mixed models (GEMMA), and confounder adjusted linear regression (CATE). We created 400 sets of phenotypes, corresponding to five effect sizes and two, five, 15, or 30 causal loci, simulated from two empirical data sets containing SNPs from Striped Bass representing three and 13 populations. All association methods were evaluated for their ability to detect genotype–phenotype associations based on power, false discovery rates, and number of false positives. Genomic inflation was highest for uncorrected Random Forest and LFMM tests and lowest for Gemma and Zhao's Random Forest. All association tests had similar power to detect causal loci, and Zhao's Random Forest had the lowest false discovery rate in all scenarios. To measure the performance of association tests in small data sets with few loci surrounding a causal gene we also ran analyses again after removing causal loci from each data set. All association tests were only able to find true positives, defined as loci located within 30 kbp of a causal locus, in 3%–18% of simulations. In contrast, at least one false positive was found in 17%–44% of simulations. Zhao's Random Forest again identified the fewest false positives of all association tests studied. The ability to test the power of association tests for individual empirical data sets can be an extremely useful first step when designing a GWAS study.
Export finance and the green transition
Authors: Klasen Andreas , Wanjiru Roseline , Henderson Jenni , Phillips Josh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs emissions reach record levels, governments must implement and strengthen climate policies for the global pathway to net‐zero emissions by 2050. Climate finance plays a crucial role in the net‐zero transition. It refers to local, national, or transnational financing seeking to support mitigation and adaptation actions that address climate change. Public export–import banks (EXIMs) and government export credit agencies (ECAs) are highly influential actors for climate action. Although there is no consensus among EXIMs and ECAs on how to define climate finance, 20 institutions assessed in this research give evidence that they strongly support climate‐action‐related transactions: EXIM and ECA financing, guarantees, and insurance amounted to EUR 6.7–8.4 billion in 2020, much more than estimated by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). However, the results also reveal that EXIM and ECA lending, guarantee, and insurance activities must rise substantially in order to contribute to climate finance volumes required by 2030 as estimated by CPI. To retain their current proportion relative to other climate finance flows, assessed institutions would need to increase their climate financing 6.8 times to up to EUR 57.4 billion by 2030.
Ireland: Political Developments and Data in 2021
Authors: O'MALLEY EOIN 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe political year started and ended with surges in Covid‐19 cases dominating the political world, business and citizens’ lives. Caution at the end of the year was probably determined by what had happened at the start of 2021, with a surge in deaths from Covid‐19 damaging the government's reputation and its parties’ support. Other more normal issues also started to return to politics, which made 2021 a more typical year of government versus opposition, with the main opposition party gaining support.
B cell‐intrinsic changes with age do not impact antibody‐secreting cell formation but delay B cell participation in the germinal centre reaction
Authors: Lee Jia Le , Fra‐Bido Sigrid C. , Burton Alice R. , Innocentin Silvia , Hill Danika L. , Linterman Michelle A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVaccines typically protect against (re)infections by generating pathogen‐neutralising antibodies. However, as we age, antibody‐secreting cell formation and vaccine‐induced antibody titres are reduced. Antibody‐secreting plasma cells differentiate from B cells either early post‐vaccination through the extrafollicular response or from the germinal centre (GC) reaction, which generates long‐lived antibody‐secreting cells. As the formation of both the extrafollicular antibody response and the GC requires the interaction of multiple cell types, the impaired antibody response in ageing could be caused by B cell intrinsic or extrinsic factors, or a combination of the two. Here, we show that B cells from older people do not have intrinsic defects in their proliferation and differentiation into antibody‐secreting cells in vitro compared to those from the younger donors. However, adoptive transfer of B cells from aged mice to young recipient mice showed that differentiation into extrafollicular plasma cells was favoured at the expense of B cells entering the GC during the early stages of GC formation. In contrast, by the peak of the GC response, GC B cells derived from the donor cells of aged mice had expanded to the same extent as those from the younger donors. This indicates that age‐related intrinsic B cell changes delay the GC response but are not responsible for the impaired antibody‐secreting response or smaller peak GC response in ageing. Collectively, this study shows that B cells from aged individuals are not intrinsically defective in responding to stimulation and becoming antibody‐secreting cells, implicating B cell‐extrinsic factors as the primary cause of age‐associated impairment in the humoral immunity.
Ageing‐related effects of dye penetration in the apical 5 mm mesiobuccal and mesial roots of molars
Authors: Hahn Chin‐Lo , Sherman Jordan , Hanford Kathryn 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examined how the tubular permeability in the apical 5 mm of mesial roots was affected by age, direction, distance from root apex, canal shape and canal number. Twenty mesiobuccal/mesial roots of maxillary/mandibular molars from three age groups (<30, 30–60, >60 years) were prepared. Maximal dye penetration in buccal, lingual, mesial and distal directions was measured at 1‐mm segment depth and analysed statistically. The <30 years group, when comparing to the >60 years group, had significantly deeper dye penetration in buccal and lingual directions. The permeability in proximal directions was not affected by either age or canal number. In the >60 years group, neither direction, segment depth nor canal number significantly impacted the permeability. However, these parameters significantly impacted samples younger than 60 years. Effective removal of infected root canal dentine would depend on age and its related preferred direction, distance from root apex and canal number.
Use of statins after liver transplantation is associated with improved survival: results of a nationwide study
Authors: Becchetti Chiara , Dirchwolf Melisa , Schropp Jonas , Magini Giulia , Müllhaupt Beat , Immer Franz , Dufour Jean‐François , Banz Vanessa , Berzigotti Annalisa , Bosch Jaume ,   Swiss Transplant Cohort Study
Published: August 2022

SummaryBackgroundThere is limited information on the effects of statins on the outcomes of liver transplantation (LT), regarding either their use by LT recipients or donors.AimTo analyse the association between statin exposure and recipient and graft survival.MethodsWe included adult LT recipients with deceased donors in a nationwide prospective database study. Using a multistate modelling approach, we examined the effect of statins on the transition hazard between LT, biliary and vascular complications and death, allowing for recurring events. The observation time was 3 years.ResultsWe included 998 (696 male, 70%, mean age 54.46 ± 11.14 years) LT recipients. 14% of donors and 19% of recipients were exposed to statins during the study period. During follow‐up, 141 patients died; there were 40 re‐LT and 363 complications, with 66 patients having two or more complications. Treatment with statins in the recipient was modelled as a concurrent covariate and associated with lower mortality after LT (HR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.12–0.98; p = 0.047), as well as a significant reduction of re‐LT (p = 0.004). However, it was not associated with lower incidence of complications (HR = 1.25; 95% CI = 0.85–1.83; p = 0.266). Moreover, in patients developing complications, statin use was significantly associated with decreased mortality (HR = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.01–0.81; p = 0.030), and reduced recurrence of complications (HR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.20–0.93; p = 0.032).ConclusionsStatin use by LT recipients may confer a survival advantage. Statin administration should be encouraged in LT recipients when clinically indicated.
A multicenter survey of effects and challenges of an 8K ultra‐high‐definition endoscopy system compared to existing endoscopy systems for endoscopic surgery
Authors: Kono Yohei , Inomata Masafumi , Sumi Yasuo , Ohigashi Seiji , Ieiri Satoshi , Shin Toshitaka , Shinohara Toshihiko , Abe Tetsuya , Osoegawa Atsushi , Fujisawa Masato , Mori Toshiyuki , Kitagawa Yuko , Kitano Seigo ,   the Forum of 8K Endoscopy Medical Application Forum
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroduction8K ultra‐high‐definition (UHD) images enabling clearer recognition of anatomical structures could contribute to further development of surgical techniques and advanced applications in endoscopic surgery fields. This study aimed to clarify effects and challenges of endoscopic surgery with 8K UHD endoscopy compared to existing endoscopy systems.MethodsIn this multicenter, cross‐sectional, questionnaire survey, data were collected from surgical participants who newly used and observed 8K UHD endoscopy in patients undergoing surgery from February 2020 to February 2021. Survey items included sense of presence, reality, depth perception, visibility of tissue, eyestrain, and degree of satisfaction for operators and observers, and weight, operability, focus adjustment, physical fatigue, eyestrain, and satisfaction for camera assistants. Participants rated each 8K UHD endoscopic surgery on a one‐to‐five scale (definitively inferior, relatively inferior, equivalent, relatively superior, definitively superior) compared to the existing endoscopy system of each facility.ResultsOverall, questionnaire responses from 139 participants assessing 8K UHD endoscopic surgery were collected from surgeries performed in 46 patients. Respective ratings of operators and observers included sense of presence: “superior or relatively superior”, 97.8% and 91.5%; reality: “superior or relatively superior”, 76.1% and 72.3%; and visibility of tissue: “superior or relatively superior”, 93.5% and 87.2%. Weight was rated as “inferior or relatively inferior” by 73.9% of camera assistants and focus adjustment as “inferior” by 60.9% of them.Conclusions8K UHD endoscopic surgery enabled identification of surgical anatomies more clearly, provided a sense of presence and reality, and might improve educational effect. Technological development is expected to reduce the burden of camera assistants.
Testing Weak Nulls in Matched Observational Studies
Authors: Fogarty Colin B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We develop sensitivity analyses for the sample average treatment effect in matched observational studies while allowing unit-level treatment effects to vary. The methods may be applied to studies using any optimal without-replacement matching algorithm. In contrast to randomized experiments and to paired observational studies, we show for general matched designs that over a large class of test statistics, any procedure bounding the worst-case expectation while allowing for arbitrary effect heterogeneity must be unnecessarily conservative if treatment effects are actually constant across individuals. We present a sensitivity analysis which bounds the worst-case expectation while allowing for effect heterogeneity, and illustrate why it is generally conservative if effects are constant. An alternative procedure is presented that is asymptotically sharp if treatment effects are constant, and that is valid for testing the sample average effect under additional restrictions which may be deemed benign by practitioners. Simulations demonstrate that this alternative procedure results in a valid sensitivity analysis for the weak null hypothesis under a host of reasonable data-generating processes. The procedures allow practitioners to assess robustness of estimated sample average treatment effects to hidden bias while allowing for effect heterogeneity in matched observational studies.