bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Function of Multi‐Material Hierarchically Structured Scaffolds
Authors: Koushik Tejas M. , Miller Catherine M. , Antunes Elsa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBone tissue engineering (BTE) is a topic of interest for the last decade, and advances in materials, processing techniques, and the understanding of bone healing pathways have opened new avenues of research. The dual responsibility of BTE scaffolds in providing load‐bearing capability and interaction with the local extracellular matrix to promote bone healing is a challenge in synthetic scaffolds. This article describes the usage and processing of multi‐materials and hierarchical structures to mimic the structure of natural bone tissues to function as bioactive and load‐bearing synthetic scaffolds. The first part of this literature review describes the physiology of bone healing responses and the interactions at different stages of bone repair. The following section reviews the available literature on biomaterials used for BTE scaffolds followed by some multi‐material approaches. The next section discusses the impact of the scaffold's structural features on bone healing and the necessity of a hierarchical distribution in the scaffold structure. Finally, the last section of this review highlights the emerging trends in BTE scaffold developments that can inspire new tissue engineering strategies and truly develop the next generation of synthetic scaffolds.
Understanding Self‐Assembly of Silica‐Precipitating Peptides to Control Silica Particle Morphology
Authors: Strobl Johannes , Kozak Fanny , Kamalov Meder , Reichinger Daniela , Kurzbach Dennis , Becker Christian FW 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe most advanced materials are those found in nature. These evolutionary optimized substances provide highest efficiencies, e.g., in harvesting solar energy or providing extreme stability, and are intrinsically biocompatible. However, the mimicry of biological materials is limited to a few successful applications since there is still a lack of the tools to recreate natural materials. Herein, such means are provided based on a peptide library derived from the silaffin protein R5 that enables rational biomimetic materials design. It is now evident that biomaterials do not form via mechanisms observed in vitro. Instead, the material's function and morphology are predetermined by precursors that self‐assemble in solution, often from a combination of protein and salts. These assemblies act as templates for biomaterials. The RRIL peptides used here are a small part of the silica‐precipitation machinery in diatoms. By connecting RRIL motifs via varying central bi‐ or trifunctional residues, a library of stereoisomers is generated, which allows characterization of different template structures in the presence of phosphate ions by combining residue‐resolved real‐time NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Understanding these templates in atomistic detail, the morphology of silica particles is controlled via manipulation of the template precursors.
New Strategy for the Persistent Photocatalytic Reduction of U(VI): Utilization and Storage of Solar Energy in K+ and Cyano Co‐Decorated Poly(Heptazine Imide)
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Li Ping , Wang Yun , Liu Ziyi , Wang Dongqi , Liang Jianjun , Fan Qiaohui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe photocatalytic conversion of soluble U(VI) into insoluble U(IV) is a robust strategy to harvest aqueous uranium, but remains challenging owing to the intermittent availability of solar influx and reoxidation of U(IV) without illumination. Herein, a dual platform based on K+ and cyano group co‐decorated poly(heptazine imide) (K‐CN‐PHI) is reported that can drive persistent U(VI) extraction upon/beyond light. K‐CN‐PHI achieves the photocatalytic reduction of U(VI) with a reaction rate of 0.89 min−1, being 47 times greater than that over pristine carbon nitride (PCN). This system can further be triggered by light to form long‐living radicals, driving the reduction of U(VI) in the dark for over 3 d. The flexible structural K+ as counterions stabilize the electrons trapped by cyanamide groups, enabling the long lifetime of the generated radicals. The results collectively prove K‐CN‐PHI to be a novel and efficient photocatalyst enabling persistent U(VI) extraction around the clock, and broadening the practical applications of the photocatalytic extraction of U(VI).
Resonant acoustic monitoring of damage in plug‐screw feeders
Authors: Greenhall John , Pantea Cristian , Semelsberger Troy Allen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPlug‐screw feeders are critical in many industrial processes for compressing slurry materials via a rotating plug‐screw feeder. Over time, increasing plug‐screw feeder wear will eventually lead to catastrophic mechanical failure. Early detection of the wear state can prevent unplanned catastrophic failures resulting in operational shut‐downs, costly repairs, and most importantly the health and safety of workers. We present a theoretical basis for a noninvasive, in operando acoustic resonant technique to monitor the wear state of plug‐screw feeders. The technique is based on tracking the resonant acoustic modes of the plug‐screw feeder, which are sensitive to the plug‐screw feeder geometry, material, and operating conditions. We implemented a multivariate polynomial model to estimate the plug‐screw feeder wear state using multiple acoustic resonances by simulating the acoustic resonant modes for two categories of wear (tip and thread damage) that are common in plug‐screw feeders. Fitting multiple resonances to the polynomial model, we demonstrate accurate estimation of the total mass loss, as well as characterization of the type of damage (i.e., tip vs. thread). Current approaches for monitoring plug‐screw feeder wear rely on shutting down the operation and visually inspecting the plug‐screw feeder. The presented acoustic technique offers a noninvasive, in operando measurement approach that mitigates unplanned catastrophic failures. The acoustic resonance technique presented in the paper has a broad range of industrial applications including the Pharmaceutical, Mining, Integrated Biorefineries (IBR), and Additive Manufacturing industries, to name a few.
Dibenzomethanopentacene‐Based Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity for Use in Gas‐Separation Membranes
Authors: Chen Jie , Longo Mariagiulia , Fuoco Alessio , Esposito Elisa , Monteleone Marcello , Comesaña Gándara Bibiana , Carolus Jansen Johannes , McKeown Neil B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDibenzomethanopentacene (DBMP) is shown to be a useful structural component for making Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs) with promise for making efficient membranes for gas separations. DBMP‐based monomers for PIMs are readily prepared using a Diels–Alder reaction between 2,3‐dimethoxyanthracene and norbornadiene as the key synthetic step. Compared to date for the archetypal PIM‐1, the incorporation of DBMP simultaneously enhances both gas permeability and the ideal selectivity for one gas over another. Hence, both ideal and mixed gas permeability data for DBMP‐rich co‐polymers and an amidoxime modified PIM are close to the current Robeson upper bounds, which define the state‐of‐the‐art for the trade‐off between permeability and selectivity, for several important gas pairs. Furthermore, long‐term studies (over ≈3 years) reveal that the reduction in gas permeabilities on ageing is less for DBMP‐containing PIMs relative to that for other high performing PIMs, which is an attractive property for the fabrication of membranes for efficient gas separations.
Direct Excitation of Aldehyde to Activate the C(sp2)−H Bond by Cobaloxime Catalysis toward Fluorenones Synthesis with Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Guo Jia‐Dong , Chen Ya‐Jing , Wang Chen‐Hong , He Qiao , Yang Xiu‐Long , Ding Tian‐Yu , Zhang Ke , Ci Rui‐Nan , Chen Bin , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA new way to form fluorenones via the direct excitation of substrates instead of photocatalyst to activate the C(sp2)−H bond under redox‐neutral condition is reported. Our design relies on the photoexcited aromatic aldehyde intermediates that can be intercepted by cobaloxime catalyst through single electron transfer for following β‐H elimination. The generation of acyl radical and successful interception by a metal catalyst cobaloxime avoid the use of a photocatalyst and stoichiometric external oxidants, affording a series of highly substituted fluorenones, including six‐membered ketones, such as xanthone and thioxanthone derivatives in good to excellent yields, and with hydrogen as the only byproduct. This catalytic system features a readily available metal catalyst, mild reaction conditions and broad substrate scope, in which sunlight reaction and scale‐up experiments by continuous‐flow approach make the new methodology sustainable and amenable for potentially operational procedures.
Chiral Alcohols from Alkenes and Water: Directed Evolution of a Styrene Hydratase
Authors: Gajdoš Matúš , Wagner Jendrik , Ospina Felipe , Köhler Antonia , Engqvist Martin K. M. , Hammer Stephan C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnantioselective synthesis of chiral alcohols through asymmetric addition of water across an unactivated alkene is a highly sought‐after transformation and a big challenge in catalysis. Herein we report the identification and directed evolution of a fatty acid hydratase from Marinitoga hydrogenitolerans for the highly enantioselective hydration of styrenes to yield chiral 1‐arylethanols. While directed evolution for styrene hydration was performed in the presence of heptanoic acid to mimic fatty acid binding, the engineered enzyme displayed remarkable asymmetric styrene hydration activity in the absence of the small molecule activator. The evolved styrene hydratase provided access to chiral alcohols from simple alkenes and water with high enantioselectivity (>99 : 1 e.r.) and could be applied on a preparative scale.
Solution‐Processable Pure‐Red Multiple Resonance‐induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter for Organic Light‐Emitting Diode with External Quantum Efficiency over 20 %
Authors: Cai Xinliang , Xu Yincai , Pan Yue , Li Linjie , Pu Yexuan , Zhuang Xuming , Li Chenglong , Wang Yue 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDeveloping solution‐processable red organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high color purity and efficiency based on multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) is a formidable challenge. Herein, by introducing auxiliary electron donor and acceptor moieties into the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) distributed positions of multiple resonance skeleton simultaneously, an effective strategy to obtain red MR‐TADF emitters was represented. The proof‐of‐the‐concept molecule BN‐R exhibits a narrowband pure‐red emission at 624 nm, with a high luminous efficiency of 94 % and a narrow bandwidth of 46 nm. Notably, the fabricated solution‐processable pure‐red OLED based on BN‐R exhibits a state‐of‐the‐art external quantum efficiency over 20 % with the Commission Internationale de I’Éclairage coordinates of (0.663, 0.337) and a long operational lifetime (LT50) of 1088 hours at an initial luminance of 1000 cd m−2.
Reversible Handedness Inversion and Circularly Polarized Light Reflection Tuning in Self‐Organized Helical Superstructures Using Visible‐Light‐Driven Macrocyclic Chiral Switches
Authors: Wang Hao , Tang Yuqi , Krishna Bisoyi Hari , Li Quan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA series of macrocyclic azobenzene‐based chiral photoswitches have been judiciously designed, synthesized, and characterized. In the molecular structures, binaphthyl is covalently linked to ortho‐positions of azobenzene, and four different substituents are linked to 6,6′‐positions of binaphthyl. The photoswitches show enhanced helical twisting power (HTP) when doping in commercially available achiral liquid crystals to form self‐organized helical superstructures, i.e., cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs). All the photoswitches exhibit reversible photoisomerization driven by visible light of different wavelengths in both organic solvent and liquid crystals. The photoswitches with shorter substituents enable handedness inversion of CLCs upon photoisomerization. These are the first examples of ortho‐linked azobenzene‐based photoswitches that enable handedness inversion in CLCs. The photoswitches with longer substituents display only HTP values decreasing while maintaining the same handedness.
Significant Enhancement of the Upconversion Emission in Highly Er3+‐Doped Nanoparticles at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: Tu Langping , Wu Kefan , Luo Yongshi , Wang Enhui , Yuan Jun , Zuo Jing , Zhou Ding , Li Bin , Zhou Jiajia , Jin Dayong , Zhang Hong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRelatively low efficiency is the bottleneck for the application of lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). The high‐level doping strategy realized in recent years has not improved the efficiency as much as expected. It is argued that cross relaxation (CR) is not detrimental to upconversion. Here we combine theoretical simulation and spectroscopy to elucidate the role of CR in upconversion process of Er3+ highly doped (HD) UCNPs. It is found that if CR is purposively suppressed, upconversion efficiency can be significantly improved. Specifically, we demonstrate experimentally that inhibition of CR by introducing cryogenic environment (40 K) enhances upconversion emission by more than two orders of magnitude. This work not only elucidates the nature of CR and its non‐negligible adverse effects, but also provides a new perspective for improving upconversion efficiency. The result can be directly applied to cryogenic imaging and wide range temperature sensing.
Synthesis of a Dicyclohepta[a,g]heptalene‐Containing Polycyclic Conjugated Hydrocarbon and the Impact of Non‐Alternant Topologies
Authors: Wang Junting , Gámez Fernando Gordillo , Marín‐Beloqui Jose , Diaz‐Andres Aitor , Miao Xiaohe , Casanova David , Casado Juan , Liu Junzhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIncorporating non‐hexagonal rings into polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons (PCHs) can significantly affect their electronic and optoelectronic properties and chemical reactivities. Here, we report the first bottom‐up synthesis of a dicyclohepta[a,g]heptalene‐embedded PCH (1) with four continuous heptagons, which are arranged in a “Z” shape. Compared with its structural isomer bischrysene1 Rwith only hexagonal rings, compound1presents a distinct antiaromatic character, especially the inner heptalene core, which possesses clear antiaromatic nature. In addition, PCH1exhibits a narrower highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)‐lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy gap than its benzenoid contrast1 R, as verified by experimental measurements and theoretical calculations. Our work reported herein not only provides a new way to synthesize novel PCHs with non‐alternant topologies but also offers the possibility to tune their electronic and optical properties.
The lateral ulnar collateral ligament: Anatomical and structural study for clinical application in the diagnosis and treatment of elbow lateral ligament injuries
Authors: Noriego Diana , Carrera Anna , Tubbs Richard Shane , Guibernau Jorge , San Millán Marta , Iwanaga Joe , Cateura Aïda , Sañudo Jose , Reina Francisco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) is considered one of the main stabilizers of the elbow. However, its anatomical description is not well established. Imaging techniques do not always have agreed upon parameters for the study of this ligament. Therefore, herein, we studied the macro and microanatomy of the LUCL to establish its morphological and morphometric characteristics more precisely. Fifty‐five fresh‐frozen human elbows underwent dissection of the lateral collateral ligament. Morphological characteristics were studied in detail. Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) were done before dissection. Two specimens were selected for PGP 9.5 S immunohistochemistry. Ten additional elbows were analyzed by E12 sheet plastination. LUCL was identified in all specimens and clearly defined by E12 semi‐thin sections. It fused with the common extensor tendon and the radial ligament. The total length of the LUCL was 48.50 mm at 90°, 46.76 mm at maximum flexion and 44.10 mm at complete extension. Three morphological insertion variants were identified. Both US and MR identified the LUCL in all cases. It was hypoechoic in the middle and distal third in 85%. The LUCL was hypointense on MR in 95%. Free nerve endings were present on histology. The LUCL is closely related to the anular ligament. It is stretched during flexion and supination. US and MR can reliably identify its fibers. Anatomical data are relevant to the surgeon who repairs the ligaments of the elbow. Also, to the radiologist and pain physician who interpret imaging and treat patients with pain syndromes of the elbow.
The journey towards active self‐care and empowerment: Insights from a thematic analysis of a women's therapeutic expressive writing group (UK)
Authors: Forster Melanie , Bertolucci Juliana , James Sarah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere is a strong evidence base that demonstrates the beneficial impact of engaging in therapeutic writing tasks, often with reference to the successful emotional processing of traumatic life events. This paper looks to explore the experiences and impact of a community‐based therapeutic expressive writing group, which embraced a direct psychoeducational model to enhance emotional well‐being in a group of women. From an experiential qualitative position that embraces a “hermeneutics of empathy”, this study uses a thematic analysis (TA) methodology (informed by the work of Braun & Clarke (2013) to explore the group members' narratives obtained through semistructured interviews. The study reveals the significance of a number of key factors, including the importance of the group setting, the identification of core therapeutic writing activities, the beneficial impact of skilled and supportive therapist facilitation, and the emotional value in “letting go” of unhelpful thoughts and feelings in order to strengthen psychological well‐being and resilience. The findings have important implications for service commissioning and the proactive delivery of effective time‐limited, low‐cost mental health interventions within primary settings across society.
DACH1 inhibits the proliferation and migration of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Liang Shengru , Xu Qian , Liu Boyun , Hu Ruofan , Lai Jingbo , Wang Wei , Yu Xinwen , Gou Jiakun , Wang Li , Chen Yanyan , Ji Qiuhe , Zhou Jie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDACH1 is an important component of the retinal determinate gene network (RDGN), which regulates the expression of target genes by directly binding or interacting with other factors. DACH1 shows inhibitory effects in most tumors, but its role in papillary thyroid carcinoma is unclear and warrants further investigation. We assessed the expression of DACH1 in different tissues and correlation with immune infiltration by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMMER2.0 databases). The effects of DACH1 on the proliferation and migration of TPC‐1 and Bcpap cells were assessed by cell viability assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, transwell migration assay, and flow cytometry. Finally, the effects of DACH1 on CXCL8, CXCL10, and CXCL12 expression in Nthy‐ori‐3‐1, TPC‐1 and Bcpap cells were assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit and real‐time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The results showed that DACH1 was differentially expressed in different tumors and tissues. Basal expression of DACH1 was lower in thyroid and papillary thyroid carcinoma than in other normal tissues and corresponding tumors, and positively correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration. In Nthy‐ori‐3‐1, TPC‐1 and Bcpap cells, overexpression of DACH1 inhibited cell migration and proliferation, and the opposite results was obtained by knocking down DACH1 using small interfering RNA. We also demonstrated that DACH1 regulated chemokines CXCL8, CXCL10, and CXCL12, thereby modulating tumor immunity.
Mate choice for body size leads to size assortative mating in the Ryukyu Scops Owl Otus elegans
Authors: Sawada Akira , Iwasaki Tetsuya , Akatani Kana , Takagi Masaoki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding evolutionary phenomena that involve size assortative mating requires elucidating the generating mechanisms on which assortment is based. Although various mechanisms have been suggested, their relative importance may differ across taxonomic groups. Males selecting for large, fecund females combined with the dominance of large males in the competition for females has been suggested as a major mechanism in specific groups. However, raptors do not appear to conform to this, because the selection for smallness among males (assumed in a theory of reversed sexual size dimorphism) and the selection for largeness among males (assumed in the theory of size assortative mating) are in opposite directions. We studied the assortative mating during a long‐term study of the Ryukyu Scops Owls Otus elegans interpositus. Significant assortative mating was found for culmen length (from the base to the tip of the bill) and wing length (from the bend of the wing to the tip of the longest primary). Statistical control of the spatial and temporal accessibility of potential mates did not affect the assortment. Males with short wings had slightly higher fitness components than those with long wings, and females settling early tended to have small wings. Considering that early‐settling females can preferentially choose their mates, these results suggest that smaller females have an advantage when choosing smaller males with good reproductive performance. Improved flying and hunting ability of smaller individuals may be the background of choosing smaller individuals. We propose that, not passive process like similarity between individuals and their potential mates, but active mate choice for small individuals is an explanation for the assortative mating in this owl.