bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mouse movements reflect personality traits and task attentiveness in online experiments
Authors: Meidenbauer Kimberly L. , Niu Tianyue , Choe Kyoung Whan , Stier Andrew J. , Berman Marc G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveIn this rapidly digitizing world, it is becoming ever more important to understand people's online behaviors in both scientific and consumer research settings. The current work tests the feasibility of inferring personality traits from mouse movement patterns as a cost‐effective means of measuring individual characteristics.MethodMouse movement features (i.e., pauses, fixations, speed, and clicks) were collected while participants (N = 791) completed an online image choice task. We compare the results of standard univariate and three forms of multivariate partial least squares (PLS) analyses predicting Big Five traits from mouse movements. We also examine whether mouse movements can predict a proposed measure of task attentiveness (atypical responding), and how these might be related to personality traits.ResultsEach of the PLS analyses showed significant associations between a linear combination of personality traits (high Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Openness, and low Neuroticism) and several mouse movements associated with slower, more deliberate responding (less unnecessary clicks and more fixations). Additionally, several click‐related mouse features were associated with atypical responding on the task.ConclusionsAs the image choice task itself is not intended to assess personality in any way, our results validate the feasibility of using mouse movements to infer internal traits across experimental contexts.
Context‐dependent role of abiotic and biotic factors structuring nematode communities along two environmental gradients
Authors: Gattoni Kaitlin , Gendron Eli Michael Sokol , Borgmeier Abigail , McQueen J. Parr , Mullin Peter G. , Powers Kris , Powers Thomas O. , Porazinska Dorota L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough abiotic environmental factors have been historically regarded as the dominant deterministic process in microbial community assembly, recent studies indicate that biotic interactions may be equally significant. However, the extent to which both processes are important in assembly of belowground communities is unknown. Along two environmental gradients: alkalinity (ranging from pH ~7 to ~11) and habitat type (lakes, shorelines, and prairies around lakes) present in the Western Nebraska Sandhills, we used 18S rRNA gene marker metabarcoding and statistical analyses, including generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM), to evaluate the dynamics between abiotic and biotic factors that might play a role in nematode community assembly. Lakes supported the least diverse and prairies the most diverse communities with completely distinct compositions. We also observed a potential role of alkalinity in shaping these communities but only in lakes. Generally, GDMs indicated the influence of both abiotic and biotic factors. However, their relative importance in explaining community variability was dependent on the habitat. Biotic factors influenced the lake communities most, followed by shorelines and prairies, explaining ~47%, 27% and 8% of the variation, respectively. In contrast, the role of abiotic factors was relatively similar in lakes, shorelines and prairies (~15%, 18% and 14% of the variation, respectively). Most variation in the shorelines (62%) and prairies (82%) remained unexplained, suggesting the potential importance of factors associated with specific traits or a stronger role of stochastic processes. Nevertheless, our findings suggest both deterministic processes are important in nematode community assembly, but their specific contributions are context‐dependent.
Correlates of parental knowledge about smartphone exposure among young children
Authors: Ali Reem Ahmad , Alma’aytah Maha Mohammed Deib 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnhealthy smartphone habits use can impair the health of young children. Smartphone use among young children is affected by several factors of which the most important is parental knowledge pertains to smartphone exposure among young children. In Jordan, no studies have focused on this factor.MethodA nation‐wide cross‐sectional survey was distributed to parents of children aged <6 years to assess parental knowledge of smartphone exposure among young children and examine its correlates in Jordan. An online self‐reporting questionnaire was administered via Survey Monkey and posted on social media platforms in June 2020.ResultsA total of 2,781 Jordanian parents completed the survey. During the pandemic the daily hours of Smartphone use among children were significantly higher than prior the coronavirus‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic (2.12 vs. 1.7 h). More than half the children exceeded the recommended daily hours of use. These results were positively associated with increased smartphone use among parents. Overall, the parents proved knowledgeable regarding the effects of excessive smartphone exposure on the health of their children. However, a knowledge deficit was evident in two areas: parental controls on smartphone and safe levels of infant smartphone exposure. The mothers possessed a significantly higher level of knowledge than the fathers.ConclusionThe results suggest that, in the context Jordan, increasing parental knowledge has the potential to reduce smartphone exposure among young children. Awareness campaigns are needed to enhance parental knowledge of smartphone exposure among young children and the use of parental controls on smartphones.
Nurse visit utilization and blood pressure control: A multi‐cohort study in New Zealand
Authors: Montayre Jed , Liu Megan F. , Calma Kaara Ray B. , Zhao Ivy Yan , Ho Mu‐Hsing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to retrospectively examine the contribution of nurses to population health outcomes with reference to nurse visits and blood pressure measurement in primary health settings.DesignA retrospective study was conducted using New Zealand Health Survey (NZHS) from 2012 to 2017.SampleAdult population who are 18 years old and over living in New Zealand.MeasurementsAge, gender, and ethnicity, the service utilization of primary health care nurse visit and blood pressure measurement were extracted from the NZHS (2012–2017) to compare with the service utilization of primary health care nurses by different demographic groups.ResultsFemales who have treated hypertension shows higher utilization of nurse visit than males. From 2015 to 2017, the participants in this cohort have visited a primary health care nurse at least more than once within a year. With blood pressure control, the overall pooled results show the impact of visiting primary health nurses on systolic and diastolic blood pressure control.ConclusionOur study at a national scale, demonstrated the impact of nurse's contribution to population health outcomes among people living with hypertension in New Zealand. Nurses are key to improving population health outcomes and to achieve universal health coverage.
Effects of chill unit accumulation and temperature on woody plant deacclimation kinetics
Authors: North Michael , Workmaster Beth Ann , Atucha Amaya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWoody perennials in temperate climates develop cold hardiness in the fall (acclimation) and lose cold hardiness in the spring (deacclimation) to survive freezing winter temperatures. Two main factors known to regulate deacclimation responses are dormancy status and temperature. However, the progression of deacclimation responses throughout the dormant period and across a range of temperatures is not well described. More detailed descriptions of dormancy status and temperature, as factors regulating deacclimation, are necessary to understand the timing and magnitude of freeze injury risks for woody perennials in temperate climates. In this study, we modeled deacclimation responses in cold‐climate interspecific hybrid grapevine cultivars throughout the dormant period by integrating chill accumulation and temperature through the concept of deacclimation potential. We evaluated deacclimation and budbreak under multiple temperature treatments and chill unit accumulation levels using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and bud forcing assays. Deacclimation responses increased continuously following logistic trends for both increasing chill unit accumulation and increasing temperature. There are optimal temperatures where deacclimation rates increased but changes in deacclimation rates diminished below and above these temperatures. The cumulative chill unit range where deacclimation potential increased overlapped with the transition from endo‐ to ecodormancy. Therefore, deacclimation potential could provide a quantitative method for describing dormancy transitions that do not rely on the visual evaluation of budbreak. This information provides a more detailed understanding of when and how deacclimation contributes to increased risks by freezing injury. In addition, our descriptions could inform improvements to models predicting cold hardiness, dormancy transitions, and spring phenology.
Selective utilization of phosphorus compounds by Chaetoceros tenuissimus (Bacillariophyceae): Approach using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance analysis
Authors: Yamaguchi Haruo , Zaima Masaki , Adachi Masao , Tomaru Yuji , Asahara Haruyasu , Nishiwaki Nagatoshi 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARYSeveral diatom species can utilize various forms of organic phosphorus via enzymatic hydrolysis. The present study identified which phosphorus compounds are preferentially utilized by planktonic diatom Chaetoceros tenuissimus cultures using a 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐based method. Our 31P NMR analysis, which involves a sample extraction procedure using DIAION™ CR11, detected and quantified phosphorus compounds present at concentrations of at least 7.5 μM in the seawater‐based media, including orthophosphate, phosphate monoester, phosphate diester, phosphonate, and other compounds. Based on this analysis, we examined the temporal variations of phosphorus compounds in C. tenuissimus cultures in which orthophosphate, phosphate monoester, phosphate diester, and phosphonate compounds were present simultaneously. Cells pre‐grown under phosphorus‐replete conditions utilized orthophosphate as the preferential phosphorus source and switched to phosphate monoester after exhausting orthophosphate. Enzymatic activity for phosphate monoester hydrolysis, namely phosphomonoesterase (synonym to alkaline phosphatase) activity, appeared when C. tenuissimus began to utilize phosphate monoester. In contrast, C. tenuissimus pre‐grown on phosphorus‐depleted media simultaneously hydrolyzed phosphate monoester and phosphate diester compounds, released orthophosphate from these compounds, and utilized the released orthophosphate and original orthophosphate without discrimination. Overall, we demonstrated that 31P NMR‐based method can comprehensively analyze the variations of dissolved phosphorus compounds in diatom cultures. Our results showed selective utilization of phosphorus compounds by C. tenuissimus and suggested that phosphate monoester and phosphate diester compounds were important phosphorus sources for this diatom in orthophosphate‐depleted coastal waters.
Multiply Robust Estimation of Causal Effects under Principal Ignorability
Authors: Jiang Zhichao , Yang Shu , Ding Peng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCausal inference concerns not only the average effect of the treatment on the outcome but also the underlying mechanism through an intermediate variable of interest. Principal stratification characterizes such a mechanism by targeting subgroup causal effects within principal strata, which are defined by the joint potential values of an intermediate variable. Due to the fundamental problem of causal inference, principal strata are inherently latent, rendering it challenging to identify and estimate subgroup effects within them. A line of research leverages the principal ignorability assumption that the latent principal strata are mean independent of the potential outcomes conditioning on the observed covariates. Under principal ignorability, we derive various nonparametric identification formulas for causal effects within principal strata in observational studies, which motivate estimators relying on the correct specifications of different parts of the observed-data distribution. Appropriately combining these estimators yields triply robust estimators for the causal effects within principal strata. These triply robust estimators are consistent if two of the treatment, intermediate variable and outcome models are correctly specified, and moreover, they are locally efficient if all three models are correctly specified. We show that these estimators arise naturally from either the efficient influence functions in the semiparametric theory or the model-assisted estimators in the survey sampling theory. We evaluate different estimators based on their finite-sample performance through simulation and apply them to two observational studies.
Application of biochar and organic fertilizer to saline‐alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta: Effects on soil water, salinity, nutrients, and maize yield
Authors: Wang Shibin , Gao Peiling , Zhang Qingwen , Shi Yulong , Guo Xianglin , Lv Qingxin , Wu Wei , Zhang Xue , Li Mengzhao , Meng Qingmei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSoil salinization is a global problem that limits agricultural productivity and sustainable development. As waste‐derived soil amendments, biochar and organic fertilizer have garnered considerable attention for their ability to improve soil physicochemical properties and contribution to agricultural waste resource recovery. However, comparable data on the effects of biochar and organic fertilizers on the physicochemical properties of saline‐alkali soils are lacking. Therefore, we applied biochar (B1: 5 t ha−1 year−1; B2: 10 t ha−1 year−1; and B3: 20 t ha−1 year−1) and organic fertilizer (OF1: 7.5 t ha−1 year−1 and OF2: 10 t ha−1 year−1) to saline‐alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), China, continuously for 3 years. Because of the influence of their application on soil fertility and water‐salt status, maize yield increased by 55.01–62.51% and 15.01–26.67% for the biochar and organic fertilizer treated soils, respectively. Biochar and organic fertilizer increased soil water content, Ca2+, Mg2+, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total nitrogen,‐N,‐N, organic matter, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, while decreasing the sodium adsorption ratio and soil pH. Compared with CK, Na+ and soil salt content were reduced by 3.83–8.16% and 2.45–12.08%, respectively, under biochar treatments and increased by 2.19–5.34% and 12.95–20.02%, respectively, under organic fertilizer treatments. Principal component analysis showed that biochar was more effective than organic fertilizer in increasing SWC and reducing salinity and Na+. Based on the evidence of this study, biochar presents an eco‐friendly agricultural strategy for improving saline‐alkali soils and increasing maize yield in the YRD.
Platelet‐rich fibrin a new approach in management of persistent oral ulcers in blistering skin diseases
Authors: Ahmed Eman M. , Shafik Sherif , El Saadany Basma 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study designed to evaluate the healing power of platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) in terms of pain control and mucosal repair. A randomised, controlled, pilot clinical trial was conducted on 16 patients randomly distributed with 1:1 allocation ratio into two groups. The treatment group received PRF minced and mixed with orabase and the control group received clobetasol propionate 0.05% mixed with orabase. Pain reduction was evaluated as primary outcome along with mucositis healing as secondary outcome. A statistically significant difference in pain reduction was observed between the two groups (p ≤ 0.05). The clinical results at Day 7 has shown that PRF group had 100% pain reduction while, CP group had 32.5% reduction from base line. PRF offered superior clinical results providing rapid pain alleviation and accelerated ulcer healing compared to corticosteroids.
Intertidal beach habitat suitability model for Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes personatus) in the Salish Sea, Canada
Authors: Huard Jacqueline R. , Proudfoot Beatrice , Rooper Christopher N. , Martin Tara G. , Robinson Clifford L. K. 
Published: May 2022

Pacific sand lance ( Ammodytes personatus) support marine food webs in the Salish Sea, yet our knowledge of intertidal spawning habitat for this species is limited. Increasing participation in community science surveys for intertidal sand lance spawning has resulted in the detection of eggs on more than 90 beaches in the Canadian Salish Sea since 2001. Using these data, we developed a MaxEnt habitat suitability model using six environmental variables. We estimate that only 5.4% of the intertidal zone of the Canadian Salish Sea has a moderate to high likelihood of providing suitable sand lance spawning habitat. This rare habitat was best predicted by its proximity to estuaries, shoreline slope, distance to predicted subtidal sand lance burying habitat, seabed substrate, and aspect. Our model could be used as the basis for a Pacific coast-wide model in areas with less available information. Identifying intertidal spawning habitat of sand lance will support conservation efforts intended to maintain forage fish species.
The role of math in IT education
Authors: Sukhov Andrei 
Published: May 2022

The
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Andrei Sukhov considers why and how the foundations of teaching mathematics for information technology specialties need to be revised.
Therapeutic Effect of Tendon Bone Setting Technique and Sports Training on Joint Injury
Authors: Yang Jihong 
Published: May 2022

Purpose. In this study, we observe the therapeutic influence on tendon and bone setting technique, combined with sports training on joint injury. Methods. Using the random number method, 50 research objects with joint injuries were divided into two groups: treatment group and control group, and each group had 25 cases. The treatment group was combined with sports training with tendon and bone setting technique, and the control group was given intermediate frequency electrotherapy combined with forearm brace fixation. The scores of visual analogue scale (VAS), forearm pronation and postrotation activity, integral electromyogram (iEMG), and research object-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) were evaluated and compared before and after treatment, and the curative effect observation (blind method was used in the evaluation process) and research object satisfaction were evaluated. Results. After the treatment, the VAS score of two groups decreased, forearm pronation and pronation activity increased, iEMG value increased, and PRWE scale score decreased (

p

< 0.05), and compared with the control group, the treatment group’s curative effect was better (

p

< 0.05), and compared with the control group, treatment group’s total effective rate was higher (

p

< 0.05). Conclusion. The method of tendon and bone setting combined with sports training could effectively reduce the pain of research objects with joint injury, improve the rotation range of the forearm, increase the recruitment of the pronator muscles, and improve the wrist function of the research objects, and the curative effect was better than that of medium frequency electrotherapy combined with forearm brace fixation.
Changes of Tumor Markers in Patients with Breast Cancer during Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhao Jing , Wang Yajun , Cai Wei , Zhang Xiaoli , Li Kaifu , Liu Wenqing , Zhao Ye , Kang Hua 
Published: May 2022

Objective. Serum tumor marker (STM) elevation can detect metastasis earlier than imaging diagnosis and, although not recommended by guidelines, is still widely used in clinical practice for postoperative follow-up of breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change rules of CEA and CA153 in patients with HER2-negative breast cancer during postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and their influencing factors. Materials and Methods. The medical records of patients with HER2-negative early breast cancer who visited Xuanwu Hospital from September 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic characteristics and baseline data of CEA and CA153 at initial diagnosis were collected. Data of CEA, CA153, biochemistry (including ALT, AST, rGT, triglycerides, cholesterol, and blood glucose) and blood routine (including white blood cells, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets) were also collected before chemotherapy, at the end of chemotherapy and more than 3 months after the end of chemotherapy. LY/MONO, NEUT/LY, PLT/LY, and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) were calculated and statistically analyzed using SPSSAU software. Results. A total of 90 patients were enrolled, all of whom were female, with a mean age of

55.11
±
10.60

y. The value of CEA at initial diagnosis was

2.10
±
1.11

ng/mL, and high expression was mostly correlated with past history of chronic diseases and tumor lymph node metastasis; the value of CA153 was

11.80
±
6.60

U/mL, and high expression was correlated with high SII at initial diagnosis. Surgery did not affect the values of serum CEA and CA153. At the end of chemotherapy, CEA and CA153 were

2.68
±
1.34

ng/mL and

18.51
±
8.50

U/mL, respectively, which were significantly increased compared with those before chemotherapy, and were linearly correlated with the values before chemotherapy. They decreased (CEA

2.45
±
1.19

ng/mL, CA153

10.87
±
5.96

U/mL) again three months after the end of chemotherapy, manifested as “spiking” phenomenon, which was associated with lymph node metastasis at diagnosis, body metabolic disorders, and chronic inflammatory status. Conclusion. CEA and CA153 were increased presenting as “spiking” phenomena in patients with early HER2-negative breast cancer during postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and the peak of increase was linearly correlated with the indicators before chemotherapy. Clinical attention should be paid to this change to avoid excessive diagnosis and treatment leading to medical resource consumption.
Compact Quadband Bandstop Filter Based on Concentric Split Ring Resonators with Perturbation for Multifunctional Wireless Systems
Authors: Moukala Mpele Pierre 
Published: May 2022

Bandstop filters play an essential role in many radio frequency (RF) and microwave communication systems to block undesired signals or reject spurious harmonics. This paper presents the design and experiment of a compact quadband bandstop filter centered at 1.2/1.97/2.96/4.78 GHz with a passband insertion loss ranging from 1.07 to 2.9 dB. The overall volumetric size of the proposed filter is 0.197

λ

g

× 0.197

λ

g

× 0.01

λ

g

, where

λ

g

is the guided wavelength at 1.2 GHz. The desired performance is achieved by introducing two diamond-shaped concentric split ring resonators (DSCSRRs) intercoupled and defected ground structure. The metamaterial properties of the DSCSRR have been verified by extracting and analyzing its effective permittivity and permeability. This research shows that DSCSRRs can generate multiband characteristics and yield high selectivity with good band-to-band isolation by generating transmission zeros between passbands. The filter is designed, optimized, and analyzed using High-Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS). A good agreement is observed between simulated and experimental results. The measured results demonstrate that the proposed quadband banstop filter exhibits a minimum stopband rejection of 11.22 dB and fractional bandwidth greater than 4.51%, which makes it suitable for front-end transceiver components or multifunctional wireless systems to suppress unwanted signals at four separate frequency bands.