bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital health interventions to treat overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: An umbrella review
Authors: Flølo Tone Nygaard , Tørris Christine , Riiser Kirsti , Almendingen Kari , Chew Han Shi Jocelyn , Fosså Alexander , Albertini Früh Elena , Hennessy Erin , Leung May May , Misvær Nina , Pavel Nenad , Sundar Turid Kristin Bigum , Sæterstrand Toril Margaret , Torbjørnsen Astrid , Løyland Borghild , Holmen Heidi 
Published: February 2025

SummaryDigital health interventions can support the treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, yet primary research and systematic reviews leave uncertain evidence. In this umbrella review of reviews and meta‐analyses, we methodologically appraise and investigate the effects of digital health interventions used to manage overweight and obesity in children. Systematic searches were conducted in July 2023 in Medline (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Cochrane, EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Epistemonikos and Web of Science (Core Collection). Reports on experiences and/or effectiveness of digital health interventions aimed at treating children with overweight or obesity aged 0 to 19 years and/or their parents were eligible for inclusion. Screening, data extraction, and methodological appraisal were conducted in blinded pairs of researchers. In total, the searches identified 2927 citations, of which 16 reviews and 10 meta‐analyses, reporting on 162 distinct primary studies, were included. Effects on anthropometric measures of all digital health interventions were small when analyzing BMI and BMI‐z‐scores combined. Future research should strive to conduct more homogeneous and solid research, employing robust designs, standardized outcomes, and a longer follow‐up time. Designing digital health interventions for the future should to a larger extent include end‐users to ensure usability and relevance for the population, adding significance to the interventions that are evaluated.
The 3D‐Printed Customized Femoral Short Stem Offers Improved Anatomical Parameters Restoration, Fitness and Biomechanical Performance Compared With Traditional Femoral Stem
Authors: Jiang Ziang , Cheng Rongshan , Dimitriou Dimitris , Yang Yangyang , Tsai Tsung‐Yuan , Wang Liao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe traditional femoral stem is unsuitable for patients with severe proximal femoral bone defects or deformities. However, 3D‐printed customized designs offer improved proximal femoral canal contact and enhance the initial stability of the femoral prosthesis. Therefore, this study aims to compare the anatomical parameters, contact parameters, and performance of the 3D‐printed customized femoral short (CFS) stem with those of the traditional femoral stem following total hip arthroplasty (THA).MethodsAn in vitro study simulating THA was performed using artificial femur models, with a 3D‐printed CFS stem as the experimental group and a Trilock stem as the control group. Anatomical parameters, fitness, filling, micro‐motion, and strain distribution were evaluated using artificial femoral models. Micro‐motion and strain were recorded under different simulated bodyweight loading using a 3D digital image correlation measurement system.ResultsThe neck‐shaft angles (NSA) and coronal femoral horizontal offset (CFHO) of the 3D‐printed CFS stem (NSA: 125.22°, CFHO: 41.03 mm) were closer to those of the intact femur (NSA: 127.37°, CFHO: 43.27 mm) compare with the Trilock stem (NSA: 132.61°, CFHO: 32.98 mm). In addition, the 3D‐printed CFS stem showed improved fitness at cross‐sections (The top of the lesser trochanter: 6.31%, the middle of the lesser trochanter: 23.42%, the bottom of the lesser trochanter: 26.61%) and reduced micro‐motion under different simulated bodyweight loads (1000: 0.043, 1375: 0.056, 2060 N: 0.061 mm).ConclusionsThe 3D‐printed CFS stem provides improved restoration of anatomical parameters, enhanced fitness, and superior biomechanical performance compared with the Trilock stem.
Synergistic effects of hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide in enhancing salt stress tolerance in cucumber seedlings
Authors: Kumari Ritu , Khan M. Nasir , Parrey Zubair Ahmad , Kapoor Preedhi , Mir Bilal Ahmad , Taziun Tuba , Parihar Parul , Rakhra Gurmeen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSalinity stress poses a significant threat to plant growth and agricultural productivity, affecting millions of hectares of land worldwide. The adverse effects of salt toxicity, primarily caused by high levels of sodium chloride in soil and water, disrupt essential physiological processes in plants, leading to reduced yields and degraded soil quality. The present study thoroughly investigated the potential involvement of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) in facilitating salt stress tolerance in cucumbers. In this investigation, NaHS (sodium hydrogen sulfide), which is the donor of H2S, and SNP (sodium nitroprusside), which is the donor of NO, were used as treatments for cucumber seedlings exposed to salt stress. Additionally, L‐NAME (N‐nitro‐L‐arginine: 100 μM) and cPTIO (2‐phenyl‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl 3‐oxide), which are inhibitors and scavengers of NO respectively, were used to verify the involvement of NO in the presence of salinity. NaHS and SNP supplementation significantly boosted fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, and chlorophyll content, promoting growth under salt stress. These treatments raised endogenous H2S and NO levels, upregulating antioxidative enzymes like SOD, CAT, APX, GR, GPX, and GSTs. This response reduced oxidative damages by lowering reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. The combined application of NaHS and SNP under salt stress offers a promising and cost‐effective strategy to improve plant resilience to salinity, reduce oxidative stress, and ultimately enhance crop productivity. These findings provide important insights into the potential use of H2S and NO donors for sustaining agricultural production in saline environments, addressing a critical global challenge for food security.
Does It Help or Hinder? The Impact of Population Aging on Industrial Structure Upgrading in Transition Economic Systems
Authors: Zhou Dahui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to develop a model for integrating data on population aging with the processes of modernization of the industrial structure from the point of view of the influence of spatial dependencies. Based on theoretical and Chinese provincial panel data analysis, this study examined the industrial structure upgrading effect of population aging using a panel threshold model and a dynamic spatial Durbin model. The findings indicate that population aging (OPP) has a significant positive effect on the advancement of industrial structure (AIS) and service structure upgrading (SSU), with a single threshold effect. Economic development was found to promote benefits from the AIS while weakening those from the SSU. The upgrading effect of the industrial structure was noted to vary with economic development. The dynamic effect of industrial structure upgrading was also substantial. OPP was found to meaningfully promote the rationalization of industrial structure (RIS), MSU, and SSU in the eastern region, AIS and RIS in the central region, and RIS in the western region of China, along with positive spatial spillover effects.
Metacognitive Interventions for mental health disorders in adolescents: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Espírito Santo Andreia , Silva Rosa , Balzan Ryan , Pinho Lara Guedes de , Sampaio Francisco 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
The aim of this review is to map and summarize metacognitive interventions for adolescents with mental health disorders.

Introduction:
Metacognitive interventions are widely implemented in adults across various types of mental health disorders. Use in adolescents (aged between 10 and 19 years) has already been proposed in the recent literature, despite this knowledge being scattered. Hence, it is necessary to summarize the types of metacognitive interventions, their key characteristics, the mental health disorders they are targeting, and their outcomes.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider quantitative and qualitative, as well as mixed methods studies describing metacognitive interventions for adolescents with mental health disorders. All intervention settings will be eligible for inclusion.

Methods:
A 3-step search strategy will be adopted, in line with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Databases to search for peer-reviewed papers will include CINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost), PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO, and Scopus, among others. Gray literature searched on OpenGrey and MedNar will also be included. The reference lists of all selected full-text reviews will be searched. There will be no limitations on the year or language of publication. Screening, selection, and data extraction will be performed by 2 independent reviewers, who will screen titles and abstracts of publications meeting the inclusion criteria as well as review the full text of eligible studies. Disagreements will be resolved through plenary discussion or with the help of an additional reviewer. The extracted data will be summarized narratively and presented in a table.

Detail of this review project can be found in Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/kh2bc
Puerarin combined with
Hericium erinaceus
insoluble dietary fiber alleviates obesity induced by high-fat diet through regulating the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway influenced by gut microbiota
Authors: Wang Guoze , Wang Binbin , Zhou Qin , Cheng Zhimei , Liu Li , Zhang Shuai , Zhou Shi , Luo Peng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of puerarin (Pue) and insoluble dietary fiber from
Hericium erinaceus
(HEIDF) on obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice, focusing on their effects on lipid and glucose metabolism, gut microbiota (GM), and serum metabolites. Glucose tolerance, tissue pathology, and serum biochemical levels were conducted to assess the effects of puerarin combined with
Hericium Erinaceus
insoluble dietary fiber (LH) on glucose and lipid metabolism. 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabonomics were employed to explore the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that the LH group significantly reduced body weight and hepatic and adipose lipid accumulation, and improved glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia compared to the Pue or HEIDF groups alone. Moreover, the LH group exhibited enhanced regulation of GM, including increased microbial diversity, higher abundance of beneficial bacteria such as g__Lactobacillus and g__Bacillus, and a decreased Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio. In addition, the LH group ameliorated HFD-induced serum metabolite changes and promoted the activation of tryptophan and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways. The combination of Pue and HEIDF exhibits a synergistic anti-obesity effect by modulating specific GM (g__Lactobacillus and g__Bacillus) and serum metabolites.

IMPORTANCE
The combination of HEIDF and Pue holds significant importance in the context of obesity. This synergistic effect not only aids in weight management but may also enhance metabolic health through various mechanisms, including increased satiety and promotion of fat oxidation. Therefore, incorporating these two components into the daily diet could offer effective strategies for the prevention and intervention of obesity and its related diseases.
Orientia tsutsugamushi
alters the intranuclear balance of cullin-1 and c-MYC to inhibit apoptosis
Authors: Allen Paige E. , Adcox Haley E. , Siff Thomas E. , Gupta Sarika , Hunt Jason R. , Carlyon Jason A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Cullin-1 (Cul1), a cullin–RING ubiquitin ligase component, represses c-MYC activity in the nucleus.
Orientia tsutsugamushi
causes the potentially fatal rickettsiosis, scrub typhus. The obligate intracellular bacterium encodes an arsenal of ankyrin repeat-containing effectors (Anks), many of which carry a eukaryotic-like F-box motif that binds Cul1.
O. tsutsugamushi
reduces Cul1 levels in the nucleus. This phenomenon is not due to an alteration in Cul1 neddylation but is bacterial burden- and protein synthesis-dependent. Five of the 11 Anks capable of binding Cul1 (Ank1, Ank5, Ank6, Ank9, Ank17) sequester it in the cytoplasm when each is ectopically expressed. Ank1 and Ank6 proteins with alanine substitutions in their F-boxes that render them unable to bind Cul1 cannot exclude Cul1 from the nucleus. Coincident with the reduction of Cul1 in the nuclei of
Orientia
-infected cells, c-MYC nuclear levels are elevated, and Cul1 target genes are differentially expressed. Several of these genes regulate apoptosis. The resistance of
O. tsutsugamushi
-infected cells to staurosporine-induced apoptosis is recapitulated in uninfected cells expressing Ank1 or Ank6 but not alanine-substituted versions thereof that cannot bind Cul1. Other F-box-containing Anks that cannot bind or exclude Cul1 from the nucleus also fail to confer resistance to apoptosis. Overall,
O. tsutsugamushi
modulates the Cul1:c-MYC intranuclear balance as an anti-apoptotic strategy that is functionally linked to a subset of its F-box-containing Anks.
Integrating sequence composition information into microbial diversity analyses with k-mer frequency counting
Authors: Bokulich Nicholas A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

k-mer frequency information in biological sequences is used for a wide range of applications, including taxonomy classification, sequence similarity estimation, and supervised learning. However, in spite of its widespread utility, k-mer counting has been largely neglected for diversity estimation. This work examines the application of k-mer counting for alpha and beta diversity as well as supervised classification from microbiome marker-gene sequencing data sets (16S rRNA gene and full-length fungal internal transcribed spacer [ITS] sequences). Results demonstrate a close correspondence with phylogenetically aware diversity metrics, and advantages for using k-mer-based metrics for measuring microbial biodiversity in microbiome sequencing surveys. k-mer counting appears to be a suitable and efficient strategy for feature processing prior to diversity estimation as well as supervised learning in microbiome surveys. This allows the incorporation of subsequence-level information into diversity estimation without the computational cost of pairwise sequence alignment. k-mer counting is proposed as a complementary approach for feature processing prior to diversity estimation and supervised learning analyses, enabling large-scale reference-free profiling of microbiomes in biogeography, ecology, and biomedical data. A method for k-mer counting from marker-gene sequence data is implemented in the QIIME 2 plugin q2-kmerizer (
https://github.com/bokulich-lab/q2-kmerizer
).

IMPORTANCE
k-mers are all of the subsequences of length k that comprise a sequence. Comparing the frequency of k-mers in DNA sequences yields valuable information about the composition of these sequences and their similarity. This work demonstrates that k-mer frequencies from marker-gene sequence surveys can be used to inform diversity estimates and machine learning predictions that incorporate sequence composition information. Alpha and beta diversity estimates based on k-mer frequencies closely correspond to phylogenetically aware diversity metrics, suggesting that k-mer-based diversity estimates are useful proxy measurements especially when reliable phylogenies are not available, as is often the case for some DNA sequence targets such as for internal transcribed spacer sequences.
Burden of five major types of gastrointestinal cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Alessy Saleh A , Morgan Eileen , Al-Zahrani Ali S , Zahwe Mariam , Fouad Heba , Bray Freddie , Znaor Ariana , Alqahtani Saleh A 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveWe provide an overview of the latest estimates of five gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) countries to guide cancer control policy.MethodsWe extracted the number of cases and deaths for oesophageal, gastric, liver, colorectal and pancreatic cancers from the GLOBOCAN database produced as estimated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer for the year 2022. Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates (ASR) per 100 000 person-years were estimated for the 22 EMR countries, cancer site and sex.ResultsThe estimated 173 000 new cancer cases and 139 000 deaths from the five GI cancers corresponded to 22.2% of the incidence and 28.7% of the mortality burden in the EMR. Across all cancers (for both sexes combined), colorectal cancer ranked third (6.9%; ASR 8.9), followed by liver cancer (6.2%; ASR 8.4) in terms of incidence, while liver cancer (9.6%; ASR 8.1) and gastric cancer (6.4%; ASR 5.5) were the third and fourth leading causes of cancer-related mortality in the region, respectively. Marked differences in cancer incidence and mortality rates were observed between the 22 countries, particularly the 10-fold variations seen in liver cancer incidence.ConclusionGI cancers currently account for an important fraction of the cancer burden in the EMR; the present analysis seeks to inform tailored decision-making according to the country-specific GI cancer profiles.
Adherence to mask-wearing and its impact on the incidence and deaths of viral respiratory infectious diseases: a systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling study
Authors: Chen Can , Zhou Wenkai , Qi Jiaxing , Chen Mengsha , Yuan Zhenglin , Miao Jiani , Yang Mengya , Chen Jiaxin , Shen Fang , Cao Kexin , Qu Rongrong , Jiang Daixi , Du Yuxia , Wu Xiaoyue , You Yue , Yan Rui , Zhu Changtai , Yang Shigui 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThis study systematically analysed global and regional adherence to mask-wearing and its impact on the incidence and deaths of viral respiratory infectious diseases (VRIDs).MethodsRelevant studies were sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus. We included observational studies with available raw data on mask-wearing adherence (rates of acceptability of mask-wearing, mask-wearing in public settings and correct mask-wearing) during VRID pandemics/epidemics. The COVID-19-related incidence and deaths were sourced from Global Burden of Diseases 2021. The quality of each study was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Scale. Pooled rates and effects of mask-wearing were calculated using random effects models and generalised linear models.ResultsWe included 448 studies from 70 countries/regions. During the VRID pandemics/epidemics, global pooled rates for the acceptability of mask-wearing, mask-wearing in public settings and correct mask-wearing were 65.27% (95% CI 60.34% to 70.05%), 74.67% (95% CI 69.17% to 79.8%) and 63.63% (95% CI 59.28% to 67.87%), respectively. In individuals with chronic diseases/elderly/pregnant women, the rates of acceptability (42.54%) and correct mask-wearing (60.56%) were both low. Among the general population, the rates of mask-wearing in public settings (68.2%) and correct mask-wearing (57.45%) were the lowest. During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries with a requirement for mask-wearing exhibited a higher rate in public settings (76.10% vs 58.32%), especially in regions with more stringent containment and health measures (β=0.86, p=0.008). The mask-wearing in public settings has been found to significantly reduce the COVID-19 incidence (β=−265.26, p=0.004), COVID-19 deaths (β=−2.04, p<0.001) and other COVID-19 pandemic-related deaths (β=−0.83, p<0.001).ConclusionDuring the VRID pandemics/epidemics, adherence to mask-wearing was relatively low. Implementing policies requiring mask-wearing during the pandemic could enhance the mask-wearing rate, potentially leading to a significant reduction in VRID-related incidence and deaths.Trial registration numberCRD42024496464.
Evaluating geographic accessibility to COVID-19 vaccination across 54 countries/regions
Authors: Cao Yanjia , Li Tianyu , Chen Huanfa , Zhao Qunshan , Sun Jiashuo , Grépin Karen Ann , Kang Jeon-Young 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has revealed significant disparities in global vaccine accessibility, particularly affecting low and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, current research on COVID-19 vaccine accessibility primarily focuses on individual countries or high-income countries (HIC). We aimed to evaluate geographic accessibility to COVID-19 vaccination on a multicountry scale, covering comparisons across LMICs and HICs. Additionally, we explored the potential economic factors related to accessibility and their impacts on health outcomes.MethodsWe collected population data at a 1 km resolution and geocoded all vaccination sites across the selected countries/regions. Four measures were used to evaluate vaccine accessibility from different perspectives: population coverage with varying travel time thresholds, driving time to vaccination sites, the number of sites within a 30-min threshold and a geographic accessibility index using enhanced two-step floating catchment area method. Finally, we explored the relationships between geographic accessibility and several factors: gross domestic product per capita, vaccination uptake and mortality.FindingsWe found substantial disparities in vaccine accessibility across the selected countries/regions. In 24.07% of these countries/regions, over 95% of the population can access the nearest vaccination services within 15 min. In contrast, in countries/regions such as Manitoba (Canada), Zimbabwe and Bhutan, less than 30% of the population can reach these sites within 60 min. Underserved areas, termed ‘vaccine deserts’, were identified in both HICs and LMICs. We found that countries/regions with higher vaccine accessibility tend to achieve higher vaccination rates, whereas those with lower vaccine accessibility are likely to experience substantial increases in COVID-19 mortality rates.ConclusionLMICs require enhanced attention to improve geographic accessibility to vaccination. Additionally, there are internal disparities in accessibility within both HICs and LMICs. National public health officials and global health initiatives are suggested to prioritize ‘vaccine deserts’ and to ensure equitable vaccine access in future pandemics.