bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship among Splenomegaly, Lung Involvement Patterns, and Severity Score in COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Aksu Yusuf , Uslu Ali Ugur , Tarhan Gulten , Karagülle Mustafa , Tiryaki Şaban 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
The disease caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID -19) is a vital public
health problem that has now affected approximately 68,037,473 people and caused 1,552,802 deaths
around the world. We aimed to correlate the frequency of the lung involvement patterns, the segmental
distribution of lung infiltration, and TLSS in COVID-19 pneumonia patients with and without splenomegaly.

Material and Methods:
This retrospective study included patients admitted to Yunus Emre State Hospital
Emergency, Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease Departments between March 11, 2020, and
June 10, 2020, and diagnosed with COVID-19 by PCR test with a throat and nasal swab. The thoracic
and upper abdomen CTs and the clinical and demographic features of the patients were analyzed at the
time of initial diagnosis.

Results:
Consolidation (group 1 - 18 (47%), group 2 - 69 (28.2%); P = 0017), crazy pavement pattern
(15 (39.5%), 42 (17.1%); p = 0.001), pleural band formations (24 (63.2%), 87 (35.5%); p = 0.001), interlobular
septal thickening (23 (60.5%), 79 (32.2%); p = 0.001), and sequelae of secondary tuberculosis
(4 (10.5%), 8 (3.3%); p = 0.039) were more frequent in the patient with splemomegaly. The total lung
severity score was high in the group with splenomegaly (7.32 ± 6.15, 3.69 ± 5.16; p = 0.001).

Conclusion:
Consolidation, interlobular septal thickening, tuberculosis sequela, pleural band, and crazy
pavement patterns were frequent in the COVID-19 pneumonia patients with splenomegaly. The most
frequently affected segment was the superior segment of the right lower lobe. TLSS was higher in the
COVID-19 pneumonia patients with splenomegaly.
A Reverse Structure-based Design of HPV E7 Inhibitor
Authors: Othman Shatrah , Tan Wan Chein , Lim See Khai , Rashid Nurshamimi Nor , Heh Choon Han 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small, non-enveloped double-stranded circular
DNA virus. The high-risk types of HPV are claimed to be responsible for over 99% of cervical
cancers. One of the essential HPV oncoproteins, E7, is responsible for escaping from G1/S cell cycle
arrest in HPV-infected cells by binding to the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) through its LXCXE binding
site.

Objectives:
To design a peptide inhibitor targeting HPV E7 through an in silico approach.

Methods:
In this study, the LXCXE binding domain of pRb is used as a target to design peptide inhibitors
using a reverse structure-based approach. The designed amino acid sequence from the B pocket of
pRb, named peptide Y, was further investigated in vitro analysis. The cytotoxicity of the peptide was
analysed in two cell lines, namely, CaSki, containing an integrated HPV16 genome, and HaCaT, an
immortalized keratinocyte cell. Cell cycle analysis was also carried out in both cell lines treated with
peptides.

Results:
In the in silico approach, a 9-amino acids peptide sequence formed 4 conventional hydrogen
bonds with LXCXE motif was selected for in vitro assay. Based on the cytotoxicity analysis, the peptide
showed low toxicity in both cell lines, where the cell viability remained over 74% when treated
with peptide Y. The peptide also caused an accumulation of cells in G0/G1 (+5.4%) and S phase
(+10.2%) and a reduction of cells in the G2/M phase (-14.9%) in the CaSki cells with no significant effect
on normal cells, indicating it is a potential HPV inhibitor.

Conclusion:
A peptide inhibitor, peptide Y, that was designed from the LXCXE binding motif in pRb
can inhibit HPV E7 by causing a cell accumulation effect in G0/G1, and S phases of the cell cycle in
the HPV transformed cell lines. These findings could contribute to HPV E7 peptide inhibitor in the future.
A Review of Molecular Imprinting Polymer for Separation of Bisphenol-A
and its Analogues: Synthesis and Application
Authors: Shah Syed Asim Hussain , Mohamad Sharifah , Md Saleh Noorashikin , Yih Beh Shiuan , Rahim Nurul Yani , Miskam Mazidatulakmam , Asman Saliza 
Published: May 2022

Background:
BPA and its analogues are poisonous and hazardous and found in water, food
and environmental samples. These are a dangerous class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that
drastically affect the environment and human health. BPA and its analogues, such as BPS, BPF, BPE,
BPB, BPAF, and BPAP, are a serious threat to human beings.

Method:
Numerous methods are available for separating bisphenols (BPs) from water, food and environmental
samples. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a superior and eco-friendly technique that
eliminates BPs due to cavities in the shape, size, and functionality complementary to the template molecule.
MIPs are widely used to remove BPA and its analogues. The inexpensive MIPs are a more attractive
choice for separating various BPs due to their unique properties and offer a satisfactory pathway to adsorb
any BPs from water, food and environmental samples to overcome their hazardous effects on human
health.

Results:
This review aims to analyze and assess the recent advancements of MIPs for the separation of
bisphenols. Following a concise introduction for newcomers entering the field, a comprehensive critical
review of developments of MIPs and their applications for BPA and its analogues has been presented. In
this review, we have discussed the MIPs with the method and constituents of synthesis. Secondly, the
development of the different types of MIPs (particle, monolithic, membrane) has been presented for the
BPs. Finally, the use of MIP as a stationary phase in chromatography with an emphasis on BPs is described.
This section is subdivided into high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary liquid
chromatography (CLC), and capillary electrochromatography (CEC).

Conclusion:
Molecular Imprinting technology (MIT) technology provides an attractive pathway for further
research and improvement in more efficient MIPs, with higher adsorption capacity. The significance
of applications allowed to separate the BPs and discharged from various samples, thus reducing health
risks. Therefore, MIPs may contribute to future prospective water, food and environmental samples
treatment processes.
Studies on the Anti-HBV Mechanism of Syringopicroside Based on Serum
Metabolomics
Authors: Dou Jinjin , Zhang Xiwu , Li Yang , Zhu Jian , Li Yongji , Liu Zhenqiang , Lu Zhenhua 
Published: May 2022

Aims:
Syringopicroside (SYR) is an iridoid monomer compound isolated from the
leaves of clove. HBV is a hepatotropic virus that can cause severe liver diseases, including acute
and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Syringopicroside has a significant
effect on anti-HBV, but its mechanism of action is still unclear.

Methods:
A metabolomics approach based on UPLC-G2-Si-HDMS was performed to analyze the
serum biomarkers from HBV transgenic mice to find the biomarkers affected by syringopicroside.
Through the analysis of metabolic pathways, the key pathways of syringopicroside involved
in a therapeutic action were explored to study its potential mechanism. Using network pharmacology,
the "component-target-pathway" network of syringopicroside in the treatment of hepatitis
B was constructed and combined with the results of metabolomics. Furthermore, the mechanism
of action of syringopicroside against HBV was also discussed.

Results:
Serum metabolomics identified a total of 42 HBV-related biomarkers, of which 8 returned
to normal levels after syringopicroside treatment, involving a total of 6 metabolic pathways.
Five biomarkers returned to normal levels after lamivudine treatment, involving 2 metabolic
pathways. Network pharmacology analysis showed that syringopicroside in the treatment of
hepatitis B mainly acts on 26 targets, including MMP9, MAPK1, and SLC29A1, involving 4
pathways.

Conclusion:
This study elucidates the multi-target and multi-channel integration mechanism of
syringopicroside against HBV, lays a foundation for an in-depth study of the anti-HBV mechanism
of syringopicroside, and also provides support for the development of innovative traditional
Chinese medicines for the treatment of hepatitis B.
Insight into the Synthesis and Photocatalytic Applications of Bismuth
Vanadate-based Nanocomposites
Authors: Hooda Amit , Rawat Pooja , Vaya Dipti 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
To cope with environmental issues, scientists strive to develop innovative materials and
methods. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) has attracted attention because of its significant characteristics
like low toxicity, corrosion resistance, photo-stability, narrow band-gap, and ability to provide better
efficiency invisible light. However, fast recombination of charge carriers limits its photocatalytic
activity. Many researchers have improved BiVO4 properties by metal doping and coupling with other
semiconductors to improve charge separation and photocatalytic activity. This review addressed the
recent improvement in BiVO4 structural modification by doping and composite formation using
metal and non-metals and compared the efficiency with pure one. In addition, BiVO4 synthesis and
application are also extensively discussed, such as dye degradation, water splitting, and water purification.
This review can be beneficial for researchers and those interested in exploring and evolving
BiVO4-based material as an efficient photocatalyst.
Electrospun Chitosan Nanofibres and its Application
Authors: Palekar-Shanbhag Pradnya , Dalal Amruta , Navale Tejaswini , Mishra Ujala 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:Chitosan is a biopolymer that has been widely used in medical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, cosmetics, food as well as textile and paper industries due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxic and less allergenic nature. In recent times, chitosan has gained much attention for its application in the form of nanofibres. Nanofibres have diameters in the range of 1 to 100 nanometres. Various processing techniques like drawing, template synthesis, phase separation, meltblown technology, bicomponent extrusion, self-assembly and electro spinning are involved in the fabrication of nanofibres. Among these techniques, electro spinning is the most widely and commonly used technique as it generates ultra-thin nanofibres and has the capacity of mass production. This article reviews the process of electro spinning and applications of the nanofibres containing chitosan in the areas of enzyme immobilization, filtration, wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery, catalysis and as analytical system, biosensor and diagnostic aid in detail.
Hyper-Eosinophilic Syndrome with Myocarditis after Inactivated SARSCoV-
2 Vaccination - A Case Study
Authors: Panda Prasan Kumar , Tiwari Ashutosh , Karna Gaurav , Chakrabarti Sankha Shubhra , Kaur Upinder 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
COVID-19 vaccine-induced serious adverse reactions are rare. Hypereosinophilia
syndrome with myocarditis has not been reported earlier following BBV152 vaccine
administration.

Case Presentation:
A young man without any co-morbidities presented with persistent periorbital
swelling along with itchy swelling over fingers, resting tachycardia, and exertional breathlessness
following the first dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152, COVAXIN). On investigation,
the patient had elevated blood eosinophils (maximum 21.5% with an absolute eosinophil
count of 2767/mm3) and myocarditis (Lake Louise Criteria). He was successfully treated with steroids
and supportive treatment.

Conclusion:
This is the first reported case of hyper-eosinophilia syndrome after COVAXIN administration.
Prior history of the allergic disease may be a predisposing factor in this case. Hypereosinophilia
can present with variable symptoms. In the current case, myocarditis was present with
persistent resting tachycardia and dyspnea. Steroid and antiallergic drugs may be successful for the
treatment of vaccine-induced hyper-eosinophilia with myocarditis. Increased vigilance is needed
for such adverse events.
ProtPathDB: A Web-based Resource of Parasite Proteases
Authors: Shehzad Sadaf , Pandey Rajan , Sharma Sushmita , Gupta Dinesh 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Proteases regulate cell proliferation, cell growth, biological processes, and
overall homeostasis. Several proteases are extensively annotated and well-characterized in pathogenic
organisms such as bacteria, parasites, and microbial species as anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic and antimicrobial.
Several of these proteins are being explored as viable targets for various drug discovery researches
in various microbial diseases. Despite multiple studies on pathogen proteases, comprehensive
information on pathogen proteases is scattered or redundant, if available.

Methods:
We have developed a comprehensive and integrative protease database resource, Prot-
PathDB, for 23 pathogen species distributed among five taxa, Amoebozoa, Apicomplexa, Heterolob
osea, Kinetoplastida and Fungi. ProtPathDB collects and organizes sequences, class division, signal
peptides, localization, post-translational modifications, three-dimensional structure and related structural
information regarding binding sites, and binding scores of annotated proteases.

Results:
The ProtPathDB is publicly available at http://bioinfo.icgeb.res.in/ProtPathDB.

Conclusion:
We believe that the database will be a one-stop resource for integrative and comparative
analysis of pathogen proteases to better understand the functions of the microbial proteases and help
drug discovery efforts targeting proteases.
Melittin Inhibits Growth of Human Osteosarcoma 143B Cells through
Induction of Apoptosis via Suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xie Xiaoliang , Li Yumei , Zhu Haixia , Chen Lin , Chen Deta , Lin Shengming , Fan Tianyou 
Published: May 2022

Background and Purpose:
Osteosarcoma is the most commonly seen type of primary malignant bone tumors
in children and adolescents. Partial patients with osteosarcoma cannot tolerate the side effects of chemotherapy
drugs. Hence, it is urgent to find anti-osteosarcoma drugs with low side effects. Melittin is an anti-tumor Traditional
Chinese Medicine with low side effects. The purpose of this study was to explore the anti-osteosarcoma effect of melittin
and its possible molecular mechanisms.

Methods:
The effects of melittin on cell growth were detected by CCK-8, clonal formation, and flow cytometry. The
related molecules were also investigated by Real-time PCR and Western blot. A xenograft model in nude mice was
established to observe the effects of melittin on tumor growth and the related molecular expression was detected by
immunohistochemistry.

Results:
Melittin can inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma 143B cells, reduce colony formation, and induce apoptosis
while significantly up-regulating the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 and down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2
proteins. Moreover, treatment with melittin significantly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of β-catenin and Wnt/β-
catenin related genes (LRP5, c-Myc, and Survivin) in osteosarcoma 143B cells in vitro. The xenograft model found
that melittin significantly inhibited tumor growth and decreased the protein expression levels of β-catenin and Wnt/β-
catenin related genes in vivo.

Conclusion:
These findings show that melittin could inhibit the growth of osteosarcoma 143B cells, which may be
related to the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity and induce apoptosis by up-regulating the ratio of
Bax/Bcl-2 in osteosarcoma 143B cells. Therefore, melittin is a promising anti-tumor drug for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Advancements in Small Molecule PROTACs Containing Indole/Spiro-fused Oxindole Scaffolds: An Emerging Degrader Targeting Cancers
Authors: Li Xiang , Liu Yanqing , Huang Wei , Xie Xin , Zhu Hongping , Peng Cheng , Han Bo 
Published: May 2022

:Indole and spiro-fused oxindole frameworks widely exist in a variety of natural bioactive products, pharmaceuticals, and drug candidates, featuring unique functions in the regulation of proliferation, infiltration, and metastasis of cancer cells. In recent years, significant progress in proteolysis targeting chimeric (PROTAC) technology that employs ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to eliminate disease-associated proteins has been witnessed, thus opening a promising avenue to the discovery of new indole-related drugs.:In this review, we focus on summarizing the achievements of small molecule PROTACs that involve indole/spirofused oxindole scaffolds in the part of ligands of the protein of interest (POI). Current challenges and future directions in this promising field are discussed at the end of this review. For the convenience of readers, our review is divided into five parts according to the types of target proteins. We hope this review could bring a quick look and some inspiration to researchers in relevant fields.
The Role of Ca2+ Permeable AMPA Receptors in Neurodegeneration,
Neurotoxicity, and Neuroinflammation
Authors: Schröder Nadja , da Silva José Afonso Corrêa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
It is believed that degenerative conditions that give rise to neurological diseases may share
an abnormal influx of Ca2+, mainly through glutamate receptors. Current research on the glutamatergic
system indicates that the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is not the only receptor permeable
to Ca2+. Under certain conditions, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors
(AMPARs) are able to rapidly and potently mediate a neurotoxic Ca2+ influx. AMPARs are encoded
by four genes designated GluR 1-4. The presence of the edited GluA2 subunit makes the heteromeric
AMPAR impermeable to Ca2+ (CI-AMPAR's). On the other hand, the lack of GluA2 or disruptions
in its post-translational editing result in Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs). In addition
to triggering behavioral changes, the increase in CP-AMPARs is documented in several neurodegenerative,
neuroinflammatory and neurotoxic conditions, demonstrating that AMPAR changes may
play a role in the emergence and evolution of pathological conditions of the central nervous system
(CNS). Seeking to better understand how CP-AMPARs influence CNS neuropathology, and how it
may serve as a pharmacological target for future molecules, in this article, we summarize and discuss
studies investigating changes in the composition of AMPARs and their cellular and molecular effects,
to improve the understanding of the therapeutic potential of the CP-AMPAR in neurodegenerative,
neurotoxic and neuroinflammatory diseases.
Genistein in the Treatment of Hypertension: A Review
Authors: Sigowska Paulina , Zimoch Michał , Baska Aleksandra , Kazik Jakub , Leis Kamil , Grześk Grzegorz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:Genistein, a natural compound belonging to the group of isoflavones has a confirmed positive effect in such diseases as hormone-dependent cancers, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular diseases, including arterial and pulmonary hypertension. The multiway hypotensive effect is based on vasodilation with simultaneous inhibition of vasoconstriction and RAA interference. It impacts both vascular smooth muscles and endothelium due to its influence on many molecular pathways and peptides; among them: protection against oxidative stress, RhoA/Rho pathway inhibition, enhancing cAMP activation, modification of cellular calcium influx, and the increase of eNOS concentrations. Despite little research on genistein effect on pulmonary hypertension, it seems that the natural compound reduces harmful hypoxia effects and, consequently, inhibits vessels remodelling. In our review, we present mechanisms of lowering blood pressure and juxtapose in vivo research on both animal and human models. On the basis of our results, it might be deduced that the abovementioned isoflavone seems to be a safe and effective hypotensive drug. Its impact on arterial and pulmonary hypertension should be further estimated, both in monotherapy, and in combination treatment.
Applications and Future Outlooks of Hollow Nanomaterials for
Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Mohammad Jafri Nurul Natasha , Jaafar Juhana , Mohamad Nor Nor Azureen , Alias Nur Hashimah , Aziz Farhana , Wan Salleh Wan Norharyati , Yusof Norhaniza , Dzarfan Othman Mohd Hafiz , Rahman Mukhlis A. , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Rahman Roshanida A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Hollow nanomaterials, which emerged from nanotechnology, earned a lot of interest due to
their unique morphology and extensive surface area. This technology has been widely utilized in water
treatment branches such as photocatalysis, membrane technology, and the sorption process. There are
several types of hollow nanomaterials, all of which have the potential to treat contaminated water, including
pollutants, namely heavy metals and organic compounds. Here, we provide a review of the
benefits and downsides of hollow nanomaterials advancement as well as new progress in those fields.
The challenges of using hollow nanomaterials, as well as their prospects, are also discussed.
Influence of Pitting Failure on Dynamic Performance of Herringbone Gear Transmission System Considering Friction Coefficient
Authors: Ren Fei , Wang Dexi , Shi Guiqin , Wang Qi , Wang Ning 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Gearboxes are used in many industrial fields. Due to uncontrollable external
factors and inevitable fatigue damage, gearboxes are likely to fail. It has become a major research trend
to collect dynamic signals of gearboxes and develop effective fault diagnosis methods for gearboxes.

Objective:
The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic characteristics of herringbone gear transmission
(HGT) under different friction coefficients and pitting faults.

Methods:
A virtual prototype model of the system with different friction coefficients and pitting faults
was established jointly with KISSsoft, SolidWorks, and ADAMS. The contact stiffness, penetration coefficient,
damping, and other factors were considered in the model. The contact force and angular acceleration
signals of the Driven gear are collected and analyzed by simulation.

Results:
The increase of friction coefficient results in the increase of contact force and instantaneous
angular acceleration. The modulation side frequency band on both sides of the frequency becomes
dense, and the side frequency band in the frequency domain of angular acceleration becomes sparse.
When pitting failure exists, all dynamic signals show fault characteristics.

Conclusion:
This work provided a theoretical basis for fault diagnosis and gear dynamics research, Due
to many nonlinear factors, the fault diagnosis of the HGT system is relatively difficult. The research results
can quickly diagnose the fault of the HGT system, which makes up for the shortcomings in the
study of the fault diagnosis of the HGT system.