bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual minority status is associated with earlier recalled age of menarche: Evidence from the 2005–2016NationalHealth andNutritionExaminationSurvey
Authors: Gibb James K. , Spake Laure , McKinnon Leela , Shattuck Eric C. , McKerracher Luseadra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionMenarcheal timing is associated with growth, development, health, wellbeing, and reproduction across the lifespan. Although sexual orientation is a known correlate of health and developmental inequities, relatively little evolutionarily framed research has investigated sexual orientation‐based variation in maturational timing. To improve our understanding of menarcheal timing among sexual minority (SM) people, we use a biocultural‐evolutionary life history lens that takes into account the stresses of minoritization to examine the relationship between sexual orientation and self‐reported age at menarche in a sample of American adults.MethodsUsing the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a large, nationally representative dataset (n = 9757), we fit multiple logistic regression models and survival curves to evaluate associations between sexual orientation, indicators of somatic and material resources during adolescence (e.g., education, citizenship, upper arm length), and self‐reported menarche.ResultsSM respondents were more likely to report earlier (by 4–5 months) ages of menarche (p < .001). Post‐hoc tests revealed that these differences were driven by bisexual (p < .001) and same‐sex experienced (p < .001) relative to heterosexual and lesbian/gay respondents. Earlier menarcheal timing among SM respondents persisted after adjusting for socio‐demographic factors and proxies of developmental conditions.DiscussionOur findings reveal that SM status is associated with earlier ages of menarche, an important social and reproductive milestone. We argue that uniting life history theory with the minority stress hypothesis better explains differences in menarcheal timing by sexual orientation than previous paradigms. Investigators should attend to sexual orientation‐based variation in maturational timing using holistic, inclusive approaches.
X‐Linked intellectual disability update 2022
Authors: Schwartz Charles E. , Louie Raymond J. , Toutain Annick , Skinner Cindy , Friez Michael J. , Stevenson Roger E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGenes that are involved in the transcription process, mitochondrial function, glycoprotein metabolism, and ubiquitination dominate the list of 21 new genes associated with X‐linked intellectual disability since the last update in 2017. The new genes were identified by sequencing of candidate genes (2), the entire X‐chromosome (2), the whole exome (15), or the whole genome (2). With these additions, 42 (21%) of the 199 named XLID syndromes and 27 (25%) of the 108 numbered nonsyndromic XLID families remain to be resolved at the molecular level. Although the pace of discovery of new XLID genes has slowed during the past 5 years, the density of genes on the X chromosome that cause intellectual disability still appears to be twice the density of intellectual disability genes on the autosomes.
Characteristics of animal models for COVID‐19
Authors: Qi Feifei , Qin Chuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), the most consequential pandemic of this century, threatening human health and public safety. SARS‐CoV‐2 has been continuously evolving through mutation of its genome and variants of concern have emerged. The World Health Organization R&D Blueprint plan convened a range of expert groups to develop animal models for COVID‐19, a core requirement for the prevention and control of SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. The animal model construction techniques developed during the SARS‐CoV and MERS‐CoV pandemics were rapidly deployed and applied in the establishment of COVID‐19 animal models. To date, a large number of animal models for COVID‐19, including mice, hamsters, minks and nonhuman primates, have been established. Infectious diseases produce unique manifestations according to the characteristics of the pathogen and modes of infection. Here we classified animal model resources around the infection route of SARS‐CoV‐2, and summarized the characteristics of the animal models constructed via transnasal, localized, and simulated transmission routes of infection.
c‐myb is involved in CML progression and is a therapeutic target in the zebrafish CML model
Authors: Ye Yin , Yang Xiaojun , Li Feifei , Liu Wei , Zhang Wenqing , Huang Zhibin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) therapy, CML still faces the challenges of drug resistance and progression to blast crisis. Twenty‐five percent of patients have imatinib resistance and treatment difficulties due to heterogeneity after progression, but little is known about the mechanism. A key transcription factor in hematopoiesis, MYB, has been reported to increase abnormally in several types of aggressive blood disorders including CML.MethodsThis study used a zebrafish model to explore the relationship between BCR/ABL1 and c‐myb in CML progression. A CML zebrafish model was crossed with a c‐myb hyperactivity transgenic line.ResultsIt was found that both exogenous BCR/ABL1 and c‐myb could up‐regulate the expression of neutrophil‐related genes. More seriously, neutrophil accumulation was observed when BCR/ABL1 was combined with c‐myb overexpression. Further studies showed that c‐myb may be one of the downstream targets of BCR/ABL1 and the effect of BCR/ABL1 on neutrophils was c‐myb dependent. Taking advantage of this inheritable in vivo model, it was shown that a combination of imatinib and flavopiridol, a cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor targeting MYB, could more effectively alleviate the aggressive phenotype of the double transgene line.ConclusionIn summary, this study suggests that c‐myb acts downstream of BCR/ABL1 and is involved in CML progression and is therefore a risk factor and a valuable target for the treatment of CML progression. The model used in the study could be helpful in high‐throughput drug screening in CML transformation.
A case of toxic epidermal necrolysis comorbid with severe burns
Authors: Miyano Erina , Horikoshi Yuichi , Nakayama Miyabi , Kuroshima Tatsuki , Eto Yuka , Kawata Daisuke , Okada Motoi , Kokita Naohiro , Fujita Satoshi 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundToxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and severe burns both have high mortality rates, but coexistence is extremely rare. The specificity of developing TEN in burn patients is not well understood and its treatment strategy is not established.Case PresentationA 68‐year‐old man was carried to our hospital with severe burns covering 35% of his body surface area. He developed bacteremia during treatment of burns and required antimicrobial therapy. However, erythema appeared on the trunk and upper limbs and rapidly spread to the extremities, leading to a diagnosis of TEN. The rash gradually improved after terminating antimicrobial therapy and administrating of 1,000 mg/day methylprednisolone for 3 days. The rash caused by TEN was confined to non‐burned areas, suggesting that TEN may less likely occur at burn sites.ConclusionIt is necessary to pay attention because burn patients can develop TEN concomitantly. Corticosteroids therapy may be effective for TEN even in severe burn patients.
Identification of historical trackways in forests using contextual geospatial analyses
Authors: Slámová Martina , Pažinová Noémi Beljak , Belčáková Ingrid , Beljak Ján , Maliniak Pavol 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article demonstrates the application of the methods unravelling microtopographic features, specifically, sunken linear landforms indicating remains of historical trackways in forests. These are related to the ‘Magna Via’ route in the vicinity of the Deserted Castle and the Peťuša Castle in Central Slovakia. The microtopography validation dataset indicating sunken linear landforms was used to evaluate the data overlap of tracks identified by the global positioning and navigation system (GNSS) and a model of tracks created with the least cost path (LCP) algorithm. Microtopographic features derived from a digital relief model generated by high‐resolution Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) scans (density of 5 points/pixel) allowed us to determine the exact position (submeter total vertical and horizontal accuracy) of certain segments of the GNSS tracks and LCP overlapping the sunken linear landforms. Moreover, the LCP model shows the most efficient trackways considering the travel costs depending on the slope parameter.
Optimisation of nuclear reactor primary coolant design and maintenance parameters
Authors: Wootton Mark James , Zhou Ying , Andrews John D. , Smith Roger , Arul John , Vinod Gopika , Muruva Hari Prasad , Garg Vipul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn optimisation methodology is presented using the primary coolant circulation system of a nuclear reactor as its case study, the purpose of which is to find combinations of selected design and maintenance parameters to maximise the reactor safety and minimise monetary expenditure. The parameter space was sampled by a Monte Carlo method and Petri net modelling was used to predict the performance of each of these options. The optimal solutions were then extracted from the data via computation of the Pareto front, with further analysis conducted on parameter sets of interest.
Non‐fluorinated Zinc Anions: A Low‐Cost Environmental Approach for Reversible Zinc Electrochemistry
Authors: Kar Mega , Ha The An , Duncan Dale , Chen Fangfang , Cherepanov Pavel , Sun Ju , Pozo‐Gonzalo Cristina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRechargeable zinc batteries (RZBs) are of immense interest as low‐cost and sustainable energy storage devices. However, formation of Zn dendrites, Zn corrosion, and undesired side reactions in aqueous electrolytes as well as the use of costly fluorinated salts in organic electrolytes, have hindered the commercialization of RZBs. In this work, a cost‐efficient and environmentally friendly, non‐aqueous electrolyte comprised of zinc dicyanamide (Zn(dca)2) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is shown to support the electrochemical cycling of zinc. Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy complemented with theoretical studies suggest that the solvation of Zn2+ is stabilized with both [dca]− anions and DMSO molecules at high concentrations (≥1.0 M) of the zinc salt content. Stable charge/discharge cycles in zinc symmetrical cells with low overpotentials (0.05 V) were especially observed for 1.0 M Zn(dca)2/DMSO over 90 cycles at 1.0 mA cm−2 with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirming the formation of a dense and smooth zinc morphology on metal anode surface post‐cycling. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) also shows that the presence of zinc nitride (Zn3N2) helps form a stable SEI layer in the presence of 1.0 M and 2.5 M systems, making [dca]‐based electrolytes highly promising candidates in rechargeable zinc batteries.
Clinical outcomes of anterior prostate cancers treated with robotic assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Saghir Reyan , Russell Beth , Kum Francesca , Darwish Raef , Deane Jude , Allen Christopher , Rizwi Hira , Saghir Noman , Mayor Nikhil , Cathcart Paul , Dasgupta Prokar , Popert Rick , Brown Christian , Challacombe Ben 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionA prospective cohort study comparing peri‐ and postoperative outcomes for patients with predominantly anterior prostate cancer (APC) identified preoperatively against non‐anterior prostate cancer (NAPC) treated via robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).Patients and MethodsOf the 757 RARP's completed between January 2016 and April 2018, two comparative cohorts for anterior and an equivalent group of non‐anterior prostate tumours each consisting of 152 patients were compared against each other. Data were collected on the following variables: patient age; operating consultant; preoperative PSA, ISUP grade, degree of nerve sparing; tumour staging; presence and location of positive surgical margins; PSA density, postoperative ISUP grade; treatment paradigm and postoperative PSA, erectile function, and continence outcomes with 2‐year follow‐up.ResultsAPCs were found to have significantly lower ISUP grading postoperatively; increased diagnosis via active surveillance over new diagnosis; more frequently undertaken bilateral nerve‐sparing and long‐term poorer continence outcomes at 18 and 24 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). Pre‐ and post‐op PSA levels, erectile function, PSA density, positive surgical margins (PSM), age and tumour staging showed no significant differences between the APC and NAPC cohorts (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe lower ISUP grading could indicate APC as overall being less aggressive than NAPC, whereas the poorer long‐term continence outcomes require further investigating. The non‐significant differences amongst tumour staging, PSA density, preoperative PSA levels and PSM rates suggest that APC may not be as significant as predicted in diagnostic evaluation. Overall, this study provides useful information on the growing literature of anterior prostate cancer. Being the largest comparative cohort study to date on APC post‐RARP, these results indicate the true characteristics of anterior tumours and their functional outcomes to help improve education, patient expectations and management.
How germline genes promote malignancy in cancer cells
Authors: Bruggeman Jan Willem , Koster Jan , van Pelt Ans M. M. , Speijer Dave , Hamer Geert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCancers often express hundreds of genes otherwise specific to germ cells, the germline/cancer (GC) genes. Here, we present and discuss the hypothesis that activation of a “germline program” promotes cancer cell malignancy. We do so by proposing four hallmark processes of the germline: meiosis, epigenetic plasticity, migration, and metabolic plasticity. Together, these hallmarks enable replicative immortality of germ cells as well as cancer cells. Especially meiotic genes are frequently expressed in cancer, implying that genes unique to meiosis may play a role in oncogenesis. Because GC genes are not expressed in healthy somatic tissues, they form an appealing source of specific treatment targets with limited side effects besides infertility. Although it is still unclear why germ cell specific genes are so abundantly expressed in cancer, from our hypothesis it follows that the germline's reproductive program is intrinsic to cancer development.
Strategic orientations and responsible innovation in SMEs: The moderating effects of environmental turbulence
Authors: Zhang Xiu‐e , Teng Xinyu , Le Yuan , Li Yijing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe turbulent business environment makes small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) more vulnerable, and their sustainable development faces severe challenges. Responsible innovation, as a new management paradigm that balances profit growth and social value, plays an important role in promoting enterprise's risk resistance and sustainable development. However, there are still few existing research on how to stimulate enterprises to implement responsible innovation. Based on the dynamic capability theory (DCT) and contingency theory, this study explores how strategic orientations affect responsible innovation under various degrees of environmental turbulence. Hierarchical regression was used to test the conceptual model based on data collected from 194 Chinese SMEs. The results indicate that strategic orientations (digital and environmental orientations) positively affect responsible innovation, and environmental orientation plays a stronger role in promoting responsible innovation than digital orientation. Market and technological turbulences play positive moderating roles in the relationship between digital orientation and responsible innovation, while negatively moderating the relationship between environmental orientation and responsible innovation. These findings are helpful to enrich the literature on strategic orientation and responsible innovation and provide practical implications for guiding SMEs to implement responsible innovation.
CXCL12 is expressed by skeletal muscle cells in tongue oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yorozu Akira , Sekiguchi Shohei , Takasawa Akira , Okazaki Fumika , Niinuma Takeshi , Kitajima Hiroshi , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Kai Masahiro , Toyota Mutsumi , Hatanaka Yui , Nishiyama Koyo , Ogi Kazuhiro , Dehari Hironari , Obata Kazufumi , Kurose Makoto , Kondo Atsushi , Osanai Makoto , Miyazaki Akihiro , Takano Kenichi , Suzuki Hiromu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe CXCL12/CXCR4 axis plays a pivotal role in the progression of various malignancies, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this study, we aimed to clarify the biological and clinical significance of CXCL12 in the tumor microenvironment of OSCCs.MethodsPublicly available single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) datasets were used to analyze CXCL12 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Immunohistochemical analysis of CXCL12, α‐smooth muscle antigen (α‐SMA), fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and CD8 was performed in a series of 47 surgically resected primary tongue OSCCs. Human skeletal muscle cells were co‐cultured with or without OSCC cells, after which CXCL12 expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse‐transcription PCR.ResultsAnalysis of the RNA‐seq data suggested CXCL12 is abundantly expressed in stromal cells within HNSCC tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that in grade 1 primary OSCCs, CXCL12 is expressed in both tumor cells and muscle cells. By contrast, grade 3 tumors were characterized by disruption of muscle structure and reduced CXCL12 expression. Quantitative analysis of CXCL12‐positive areas within tumors revealed that reduced CXCL12 expression correlated with poorer overall survival. Levels of CXCL12 expression tended to inversely correlate α‐SMA expression and positively correlate with infiltration by CD8+ lymphocytes, though these relations did not reach statistical significance. CXCL12 was significantly upregulated in muscle cells co‐cultured with OSCC cells.ConclusionOur results suggest that tongue OSCC cells activate CXCL12 expression in muscle cells, which may contribute to tumor progression. However, CXCL12 is reduced in advanced OSCCs due to muscle tissue destruction.
Esterification of Glycerol Derived from Biodiesel with Fatty Acids to Monoglycerides – Malaysian Perspective
Authors: Radzi Mohamad Razlan Md , Zulqarnain  , Mohd Yusoff Mohd Hizami , Azmi Nadzirah , Anuar Mohd Razealy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe rapid increase of biodiesel production in Malaysia generates enormous quantities of crude glycerol as the primary co‐product along with the biodiesel which has limited application in local industries. The conversion of glycerol to higher‐value products like monoglycerides seems to be an attractive route. Various heterogeneous catalysts have been investigated to produce monoglycerides via esterification with fatty acids, but the application is limited to short‐chain fatty acids such as lauric acid. Solid catalysts, the parameters affecting reaction mechanisms and pathways, and kinetics of esterification of glycerol reactions are reviewed to highlight the need of superacidic mesoporous catalysts for demonstrating the catalytic activity towards the formation of monopalmitin with high palmitic acid conversion. Esterification of fatty acids to produce monoglycerides is the best approach to reduce the amount of glycerol but it is necessary to synthesize innovative and selective catalysts such as modified mesoporous catalysts to enhance the overall yield of monoglycerides. This would not only solve the problem of crude glycerol but also lead to sustainable biodiesel production especially in the context of Malaysian economy.
Prefoldin 6 promotes glioma progression via the AKT signalling pathway
Authors: Jiang Lianglei , Liu Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGliomas are one of the most aggressive primary tumours, accounting for 81% of malignant brain tumours, and are associated with a significant mortality. Therefore, the elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying glioma progression and identification of promising treatment targets are necessary. Here, the expression of prefoldin (PFDN) 6 in human glioma tissues and cell lines was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Celigo and CCK‐8 assays were performed for assessing cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to analyse apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Wound‐healing and transwell assays were performed to observe cell migration. Lastly, xenograft models were developed for the in vivo validation of the results, and a human phospho‐kinase array was used to explore the downstream signalling pathways. PFDN6 was upregulated in gliomas, and PFDN6 overexpression was significantly correlated with a low survival rate, estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) expression, and tumour grade and recurrence. Moreover, PFDN6 knockdown significantly attenuated cell proliferation and migration, induced apoptosis, and blocked cell cycle progression in the G2 phase, which was further confirmed in the in vivo experiments. Mechanistically, the effects of PFDN6 may be mediated via the AKT signalling pathway. In conclusion, we showed that PFDN6 promotes glioma development by activating AKT signalling and emphasised the potential of PFDN6 as a crucial target in glioma therapy.
Impact of intravascular ultrasound‐incomplete stent apposition on stent failure
Authors: Watanabe Yusuke , Sakakura Kenichi , Taniguchi Yousuke , Yamamoto Kei , Seguchi Masaru , Tsukui Takunori , Jinnouchi Hiroyuki , Wada Hiroshi , Fujita Hideo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between immediate incomplete stent apposition (ISA) detected by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and midterm stent failure.BackgroundStent failure is one of serious clinical events related to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The previous studies using optical coherence tomography showed that ISA could be associated with stent thrombosis. However, the association between immediate ISA detected by IVUS and stent failure has not been fully investigated.MethodsWe included 396 lesions that underwent elective PCI, and divided those into the appropriate stent apposition (ASA) group (n = 290) and the ISA group (n = 106). The primary endpoint was stent failure, which was defined as a composite of ischemia‐driven target lesion revascularization and stent thrombosis. We compared clinical and lesion characteristics between the two groups, and performed a multivariate COX hazard analysis to investigate the association between immediate ISA and stent failure.ResultsThe median follow‐up duration was 1296 days. The Kaplan−Meier curves revealed the higher incidence of stent failure in the ISA group than in the ASA group (p < 0.001). The multivariate stepwise COX hazard analysis showed that immediate ISA (hazard ratio 4.97, 95% confidence interval 1.31−18.82, p = 0.018) was significantly associated with stent failure. When we set the cut‐off value of the immediate ISA distance as 0.25 mm, the distance ≥ 0.25 mm had 68.8% sensitivity and 85.0% specificity to predict stent failure.ConclusionsImmediate ISA detected by IVUS was associated with midterm stent failure. We should pay attention to reduce immediate ISA for improving the midterm outcomes.