bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platinum-Free Systemic Therapy in First-Line Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Mirage or Oasis in the Platinum Desert?
Authors: Plimack Elizabeth R. , Zibelman Matthew R. 
Published: November 2022

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series was to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology , to patients seen in their own clinical practice.The systemic treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma has evolved over the past decade; however, changes in the first-line setting have remained elusive and dependent on platinum-based chemotherapy regimens. Hoimes et al now present an update on the results of cohort A of the EV-103 phase Ib/II trial combining enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab in the first-line setting for patients with cisplatin-ineligible metastatic urothelial carcinoma. The efficacy results in this small, phase I cohort demonstrate an impressive response rate with the majority of patients deriving benefit in tumor control. In conjunction with the results from cohort K of EV-103, recently reported at the 2022 ESMO Congress, there is much anticipation regarding this combination as a future standard of care. However, despite this combination not including a traditional cytotoxic chemotherapeutic, it is still associated with potentially life-altering treatment-related toxicity, most notably rash and peripheral neuropathy, along with the risks of immune-related adverse events, which will need to be carefully calibrated for patients.
Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Lipid Profiles in Adults: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Liu Zhihao , Tian Zezhong , Zhao Dan , Liang Ying , Dai Suming , Liu Meitong , Hou Shanshan , Dong Xiaoxi , Zhaxinima  , Yang Yan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Context
Previous meta-analyses have suggested that the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on lipid profiles remain debatable. Additionally, no meta-analysis has explored the optimal intake of CoQ10 for attenuating lipid profiles in adults.

Objective
This study conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effects of CoQ10 on lipid profiles and assess their dose–response relationships in adults.

Methods
Databases (Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) were systematically searched until August 10, 2022. The random effects model was used to calculate the mean differences (MDs) and 95% CI for changes in circulating lipid profiles. The novel single-stage restricted cubic spline regression model was applied to explore nonlinear dose–response relationships.

Results
Fifty randomized controlled trials with a total of 2794 participants were included in the qualitative synthesis. The pooled analysis revealed that CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) (MD −5.53 mg/dL; 95% CI −8.40, −2.66; I2 = 70%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD −3.03 mg/dL; 95% CI −5.25, −0.81; I2 = 54%), and triglycerides (TGs) (MD −9.06 mg/dL; 95% CI −14.04, −4.08; I2 = 65%) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (MD 0.83 mg/dL; 95% CI 0.01, 1.65; I2 = 82%). The dose–response analysis showed an inverse J-shaped nonlinear pattern between CoQ10 supplementation and TC in which 400-500 mg/day CoQ10 largely reduced TC (χ2 = 48.54, P &lt; .01).

Conclusion
CoQ10 supplementation decreased the TC, LDL-C, and TG levels, and increased HDL-C levels in adults, and the dosage of 400 to 500 mg/day achieved the greatest effect on TC.
Pharmacological inhibition of the acetyltransferase Tip60 mitigates myocardial infarction injury
Authors: Wang Xinrui , Wan Tina C. , Kulik Katherine R. , Lauth Amelia , Smith Brian C. , Lough John W. , Auchampach John A. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Pharmacologic strategies that target factors with both pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative functions in cardiomyocytes (CMs) may be useful for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. One such multifunctional candidate for drug targeting is the acetyltransferase Tip60, which is known to acetylate both histone and non-histone protein targets that have been shown in cancer cells to promote apoptosis and to initiate the DNA damage response, thereby limiting cellular expansion. Using a murine model, we recently published findings demonstrating that CM-specific disruption of the Kat5 gene encoding Tip60 markedly protects against the damaging effects of myocardial infarction (MI). In the experiments described here, in lieu of genetic targeting, we administered TH1834, an experimental drug designed to specifically inhibit the acetyltransferase domain of Tip60. We report that, similar to the effect of disrupting the Kat5 gene, daily systemic administration of TH1834 beginning 3 days after induction of MI and continuing for 2 weeks of a 4-week timeline resulted in improved systolic function, reduced apoptosis and scarring, and increased activation of the CM cell cycle, effects accompanied by reduced expression of genes that promote apoptosis and inhibit the cell cycle and reduced levels of CMs exhibiting phosphorylated Atm. These results support the possibility that drugs that inhibit the acetyltransferase activity of Tip60 may be useful agents for the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
Iterative reconstruction vs deep learning image reconstruction: comparison of image quality and diagnostic accuracy of arterial stenosis in low-dose lower extremity CT angiography
Authors: Qu Tingting , Guo Yinxia , Li Jianying , Cao Le , Li Yanan , Chen Lihong , Sun Jingtao , Lu Xueni , Guo Jianxin 
Published: November 2022

Objective To compare image quality and diagnostic accuracy of arterial stenosis in low-dose lower-extremity CT angiography (CTA) between adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASIR-V) and deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithms. Methods 46 patients undergoing low-dose lower-extremity CTA were enrolled. Images were reconstructed using ASIR-V (blending factor of 50% (AV-50) and 100% (AV-100)) and DLIR (medium (DL-M), and high (DL-H)). CT values and standard deviation of the aorta, psoas, popliteal artery, popliteal and ankle muscles were measured. The edge-rise distance and edge-rise slope were calculated. The degrees of granularity and edge blurring were assessed using a 5-point scale. The stenosis degrees were measured on the four reconstructions, and their mean square errors against that of digital subtraction angiography were calculated and compared. Results For both ASIR-V and DLIR, higher reconstruction intensity generated lower noise and higher signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio values. The standard deviation values in AV-100 images were significantly lower than other reconstructions. The two DLIR image groups had higher edge-rise slope and lower edge-rise distance (DL-M:1.79 ± 0.37 mm and DL-H:1.82 ± 0.38 mm vs AV-50:1.96 ± 0.39 mm and AV-100:2.01 ± 0.36 mm, p = 0.014) than ASIR-V images. The overall image quality of DLIR was rated higher than ASIR-V (DL-M:0.83 ± 0.61, DL-H:0.41 ± 0.62, AV-50:1.85 ± 0.60 and AV-100:2.37 ± 0.77, p < 0.001), with DL-H having the highest overall image quality score. For stenosis measurement, DL-H had the lowest mean-square-errors compared to digital subtraction angiography among all reconstruction groups. Conclusion DLIR images had higher image quality ratings with lower image noise and sharper vessel walls in low-dose lower-extremity CTA, and DL-H provides the best overall image quality and highest accuracy in diagnosing artery stenoses. Advances in knowledge: DLIR provides high-quality images with sharper edges compared to ASIR-V during low-dose CTA of lower extremity arteries, and DLIR (high) provides the best overall image quality and highest accuracy in diagnosing artery stenoses among all reconstruction algorithms (ASIR-V and DLIR). ASIR-V with blending factor of 100% has the strongest noise reduction ability among all reconstruction algorithms (ASIR-V and DLIR); however, it generates the most blurred images.
Application of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging and DWI for evaluation of prognostic factors in cervical carcinoma: a prospective preliminary study
Authors: Zhang Weijing , Lu Nian , He Haoqiang , Liu Huiming , Zhu Fengting , Ma Lidi , Luo Yingwei , Qian Long , Meng Tiebao , Xie Chuanmiao 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:
To determine the values of quantitative metrics derived from synthetic MRI (SyMRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in evaluating the prognostic factors of cervical carcinoma (CC).

Methods:
In this prospective study, 74 patients with pathologically confirmed CC were enrolled. Pretreatment quantitative metrics including T1, T2 and ADC values were obtained from SyMRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. The values of all metrics were compared for different prognostic features using Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and multivariate logistic regression analysis were utilized to evaluate the diagnostic performance of quantitative variables.

Results:
T1 and T2 values of parametrial involvement (PMI)-negative were significantly higher than those of PMI-positive (p = 0.002 and &lt; 0.001), while ADC values did not show a significant difference. The area under curve (AUC) of T1 and T2 values for identifying PMI were 0.743 and 0.831. Only the T2 values showed a significant difference between the lymphovascular space involvement (LVSI)-negative and LVSI-positive (p &lt; 0.001), and the AUC of T2 values for discriminating LVSI was 0.814. The differences of T1, T2, and ADC values between the well/moderately and the poorly differentiated CC were significant (all p &lt; 0.001). The AUCs of T1, T2 and ADC values for predicting differentiation grades were 0.762, 0.830, and 0.808. The combined model of all metrics proved to achieve good diagnostic performance with the AUC of 0.866.

Conclusion:
SyMRI may be a potential noninvasive tool for assessing the prognostic factors such as PMI, LVSI, and differentiation grades in CC. Moreover, the overall diagnostic performances of synthetic quantitative metrics were superior to the ADC values, especially in identifying PMI and LVSI.

Advances in knowledge:
This is the first study to assess the utility of SyMRI-derived parameters and ADC value in evaluating the prognostic factors in CC.
Risk factors and housing effect on malaria infection: A case-control study
Authors: Setiyadi Noor Alis , Handayani Ira , Sayono Sayono , Pumpaibool Tepanata , Chakim Irfanul 
Published: November 2022

Background: This study aims to demonstrate the different risk factors between low and high endemicity area and housing effect on malaria infection. Methods: This study is a case-control study with a ratio of 1:2 comparing low (Jambi) and high (Sumba) endemicity areas. Initial screening of malaria was done to assign cases and controls following inclusion criteria. The selected cases and controls were then assessed with a structured questionnaire in relation to risk factors of malaria infection. Additionally, to discover the impact of house type on malaria infection, a total of 72 houses was observed in a series of six weeks (between 28 June and 12 August 2018) human landing catch (HLC) observations that includes three types of houses; malaria, non-malaria, and permanent dwellings. The HLC was done indoors and outdoors for each house type each night. A weekly screening was taken to monitor the malaria infection rate of each house type. Results: Jambi and Sumba shared several similar individual and environmental risk factors. However, agricultural activity or visiting forestry areas is a protective factor for malaria infection in Jambi but is a risk factor in Sumba. The general linear mixed univariate model result indicates the difference in risk factor variables between Jambi and Sumba. The entomological survey found that only malaria houses significantly differed in the number of means collected mosquitoes compared with the other type of houses. Weekly screening found that the incidence rate of malaria houses is highest among others. Conclusion: The risk factors are inevitably crucial for malaria prevention strategy. Risk factor management needs to consider the location where the endemicity level may differ for each risk factor, and housing improvement is not a proper strategy before controlling other environmental factors.
Gene expression data visualization tool on the o²S²PARC platform
Authors: Ben Aribi Hiba , Ding Mengyuan , Kiran Anmol 
Published: November 2022

Background: The identification of differentially expressed genes and their associated biological processes, molecular function, and cellular components are important for genetic diseases studies because they present potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Methods: In this study, we developed an o²S²PARC template representing an interactive pipeline for the gene expression data visualization and ontologies data analysis and visualization. To demonstrate the usefulness of the tool, we performed a case study on a publicly available dataset. Results: The tool enables users to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and visualize them in a volcano plot format. The ontologies associated with the DEGs are determined and visualized in barplots. Conclusions: The “Expression data visualization” template is publicly available on the o²S²PARC platform.
Solid-state biased coherent detection of ultra-broadband terahertz pulses generated in a spintronic emitter for high repetition rate, low pulse energy lasers
Authors: Suter Tim , Tomasino Alessandro , Savoini Matteo , Houver Sarah , Morandotti Roberto , Johnson Steven L. , Abreu Elsa 
Published: November 2022

We report the coherent generation and detection of terahertz (THz) pulses featuring a spectral bandwidth in the range of 0.1-9 THz achieved via the use of a high repetition rate (250 kHz), low pulse energy (6.2 µJ) laser system. More specifically, we test and evaluate a solid-state biased coherent detection device in combination with a spintronic emitter. We demonstrate the use of this combination of techniques to measure the ultra-broadband THz frequency optical properties of bulk crystalline materials with time-domain spectroscopy.
Vernetzungsplattformen im Gesundheitswesen: Eine multimethodische Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse
Authors: Beinke Max , Flok Aleksandra , Buskase Marvin , Behne Alina , Oesterreich Thuy Duong , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Kommunikation zwischen Gesundheitsakteuren und Patienten geht oft mit einem enormen organisatorischen Aufwand, Lücken im Informationsaustausch und Missverständnissen einher, welche die Abstimmung und die Prozesse zwischen allen Akteuren erschweren. Eine digitale Lösung für diese Herausforderungen bilden Vernetzungsplattformen. Der vorliegende Artikel leistet mithilfe einer multimethodischen Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse einen Beitrag in der Domäne E‑Health in Deutschland. Es werden Kosten- und Nutzenaspekte bei der Anwendung von Vernetzungsplattformen für drei zentrale Gesundheitsakteure (Apotheken, Arztpraxen und Kliniken sowie Pflegedienste) als auch für Patienten herausgearbeitet. Die daraus resultierende Transparenz von Kosten und Nutzen bietet die Möglichkeit, ex-ante Bewertungen von Vernetzungsplattformen im Gesundheitswesen durchzuführen. Weiterhin wird ein Überblick darüber geschaffen, welche Mehrwerte Plattformen für die Gesundheitsakteure in den Bereichen Kommunikations‑, Informations- und Medikationsmanagement leisten können.
Human African trypanosomiasis cases diagnosed in non-endemic countries (2011–2020)
Authors: Franco Jose R. , Cecchi Giuliano , Priotto Gerardo , Paone Massimo , Kadima Ebeja Augustin , Simarro Pere P. , Diarra Abdoulaye , Sankara Dieudonné , Zhao Weining , Dagne Daniel Argaw 
Published: November 2022

Background
Sleeping sickness, or human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), is transmitted by tsetse flies in endemic foci in sub-Saharan Africa. Because of international travel and population movements, cases are also occasionally diagnosed in non-endemic countries.

Methodology/Principal findings
Antitrypanosomal medicines to treat the disease are available gratis through the World Health Organization (WHO) thanks to a public-private partnership, and exclusive distribution of the majority of them enables WHO to gather information on all exported cases. Data collected by WHO are complemented by case reports and scientific publications. During 2011–2020, 49 cases of HAT were diagnosed in 16 non-endemic countries across five continents: 35 cases were caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, mainly in tourists visiting wildlife areas in eastern and southern Africa, and 14 cases were due to T. b. gambiense, mainly in African migrants originating from or visiting endemic areas in western and central Africa.

Conclusions/Significance
HAT diagnosis in non-endemic countries is rare and can be challenging, but alertness and surveillance must be maintained to contribute to WHO’s elimination goals. Early detection is particularly important as it considerably improves the prognosis.
Cardiometabolic risk profiles in a Sri Lankan twin and singleton sample
Authors: Harber-Aschan Lisa , Bakolis Ioannis , Glozier Nicholas , Ismail Khalida , Jayaweera Kaushalya , Pannala Gayani , Pariante Carmine , Rijsdijk Fruhling , Siribaddana Sisira , Sumathipala Athula , Zavos Helena M. S. , Zunszain Patricia , Hotopf Matthew 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes is a priority in low- and middle-income countries, especially in South Asia where these are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The metabolic syndrome is a tool to identify cardiometabolic risk, but the validity of the metabolic syndrome as a clinical construct is debated. This study tested the existence of the metabolic syndrome, explored alternative cardiometabolic risk characterisations, and examined genetic and environmental factors in a South Asian population sample.

Methods
Data came from the Colombo Twin and Singleton follow-up Study, which recruited twins and singletons in Colombo, Sri Lanka, in 2012–2015 (n = 3476). Latent class analysis tested the clustering of metabolic syndrome indicators (waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, medications, and diabetes). Regression analyses tested cross-sectional associations between the identified latent cardiometabolic classes and sociodemographic covariates and health behaviours. Structural equation modelling estimated genetic and environmental contributions to cardiometabolic risk profiles. All analyses were stratified by sex (n = 1509 men, n = 1967 women).

Results
Three classes were identified in men: 1) “Healthy” (52.3%), 2) “Central obesity, high triglycerides, high fasting plasma glucose” (40.2%), and 3) “Central obesity, high triglycerides, diabetes” (7.6%). Four classes were identified in women: 1) “Healthy” (53.2%), 2) “Very high central obesity, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, raised fasting plasma glucose” (32.8%), 3) “Very high central obesity, diabetes” (7.2%) and 4) “Central obesity, hypertension, raised fasting plasma glucose” (6.8%). Older age in men and women, and high socioeconomic status in men, was associated with cardiometabolic risk classes, compared to the “Healthy” classes. In men, individual differences in cardiometabolic class membership were due to environmental effects. In women, genetic differences predicted class membership.

Conclusion
The findings did not support the metabolic syndrome construct. Instead, distinct clinical profiles were identified for men and women, suggesting different aetiological pathways.
Short stature due to intrauterine growth retardation. Clinical and hormonal-metabolic features, possibilities of growth-stimulating therapy
Authors: Nagaeva E. V. 
Published: November 2022

The article presents data about short stature due to intrauterine development delay. This type of short stature — separate nosology, unites children born small for gestation age. The majority of them in the first years of life have accelerated growth rates, allowing the child to normalize their weight-growth indicators and catch up in the development of peers. In the absence of an accelerated growth rates, children have a high risk of lagging behind in physical development throughout childhood, achieving low final growth and becoming short adults. In addition, the fact of birth with small body sizes is associated with a number of hormonal and metabolic features, a risk of metabolic syndrome in adult years.It is assumed that the absence of postnatal growth acceleration is due to various damages to the GH-IGF1 axis (partial GH deficiency, partial resistance to GH, partial resistance to IGF1). Growth hormone therapy, initiated early in life, is able to normalize growth rates in childhood and ultimately significantly improve or normalize the final growth of short stature children born small for gestational age.
Characterization of the structural, oxidative, and immunological features of testis tissue from Zucker diabetic fatty rats
Authors: Tvrdá Eva , Kováč Ján , Benko Filip , Ďuračka Michal , Varga Anikó , Uličná Oľga , Almášiová Viera , Capcarová Marcela , Chomová Mária 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the testicular profile of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats presenting with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in the absence or presence of obesity. To achieve this, testes were collected from 270-day-old male Wistar (n = 15), ZDF nonobese (n = 15), and ZDF obese rats (n = 16). Changes to the testicular structure were quantified morphometrically, while immunocytochemistry was employed to assess caspase-3 activity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, fluctuations of major antioxidant molecules, and the extent of damage to the proteins and lipids were assessed in tissue lysates. Levels of selected interleukins (ILs) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results reveal significant alterations to the testicular structure accompanied by caspase-3 overexpression, particularly in ZDF obese rats. The most notable disruption of the oxidative balance, characterized by ROS overproduction, antioxidant deficiency, protein, and lipid deterioration was recorded in ZDF rats suffering from both DM2 and obesity. Accordingly, the highest concentrations of pro-inflammatory IL-1, IL-6, and IL-18 accompanied by reduced levels of the anti-inflammatory IL-10 were found in testicular tissue collected from ZDF obese rats. This study highlights the vulnerability of male gonads to pathophysiological changes caused by hyperglycemia, which are further exacerbated by excessive adipose tissue.