bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Westerlund 1 under the light of Gaia EDR3: Distance, isolation, extent, and a hidden population
Authors: Negueruela I. , Alfaro E. J. , Dorda R. , Marco A. , Maíz Apellániz J. , González-Fernández C. 
Published: May 2022

Context. The young massive cluster Westerlund 1 offers the promise of a grand laboratory for the study of high-mass star evolution, but its basic parameters are still poorly known.
Aims. In this paper, we aim at a better characterisation of the cluster by determining some basic kinematic properties and analysing the area surrounding the cluster and the population in its foreground.
Methods. We have used Gaia early data release 3 (EDR3) data, together with spectra of a large sample of luminous stars in the field surrounding Westerlund 1, to explore the extent of the cluster. We carried out a non-parametric analysis of proper motions and membership determination. We investigated the reddening and proper motions of several dozen OB stars and red supergiants less than one degree away from Westerlund 1.
Results. We identify a population of kinematic members of Westerlund 1 that largely includes the known spectroscopic members. From their EDR3 parallaxes, we derive a distance to the cluster of $ 4.23^{+0.23}_{-0.21} $ kpc. We analyse the extinction in this direction, finding that it increases by a large amount around 2.8 kpc, which in all likelihood is due to dark clouds associated with the Scutum-Crux arm. As a consequence, we hardly see any stars at distances comparable (or higher) than that of the cluster. The proper motions of Westerlund 1, however, are very similar to those of stars in the field surrounding it which are – almost without exception – less distant, but distinct. We find a second, astrometrically well-defined population in the foreground (d ≈ 2 kpc), centred ∼8′ away, which is likely connected to the possible open cluster BH 197. Westerlund 1 is very elongated, an effect that seems real and not driven by the very heavy extinction to the east and south. We find a low-density halo extending to distances up to 10′ from the cluster centre, mainly in the north-west quadrant. A few OB stars at larger distances from the cluster, most notably the luminous blue variable (LBV) MN48, share its proper motions, suggesting that Westerlund 1 has little or no peculiar motion with respect to the field population of the Norma arm. Despite this, we are unable to find any red supergiant that could belong to an extended population related to the cluster, although we observe several dozen such objects in the foreground, demonstrating the richness of the field population along this sightline. We find a substantial population of luminous OB members obscured by several more magnitudes of extinction than most known members. These objects, mostly located in the central region of the cluster, increase the population of OB supergiants by about 25%.
Discovery of an asteroid family linked to (22) Kalliope and its moon Linus
Authors: Brož M. , Ferrais M. , Vernazza P. , Ševeček P. , Jutzi M. 
Published: May 2022

Aims. According to adaptive-optics observations, (22) Kalliope is a 150-km-wide, dense, and differentiated body. Here, we interpret (22) Kalliope in the context of the bodies in its surroundings. While there is a known moon, Linus, with a 5:1 size ratio, no family has been reported in the literature, which is in contradiction with the existence of the moon.
Methods. Using the hierarchical clustering method along with physical data, we identified the Kalliope family. It had previously been associated with (7481) San Marcello. We then used various models (N-body, Monte Carlo, and SPH) of its orbital and collisional evolution, including the breakup of the parent body, to estimate the dynamical age of the family and address its link to Linus.
Results. The best-fit age is (900 ± 100) Myr according to our collisional model; this is in agreement with the position of (22) Kalliope, which was modified by chaotic diffusion due to 4–1–1 three-body resonance with Jupiter and Saturn. It seems possible that Linus and the Kalliope family were created at the same time, although our SPH simulations show a variety of outcomes for both satellite size and the family size-frequency distribution. The shape of (22) Kalliope itself was most likely affected by the gravitational re-accumulation of ‘streams’, which creates the characteristic hills observed on its surface. If the body was differentiated, its internal structure is most likely asymmetric.
Dynamical essence of the eccentric von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai effect in restricted hierarchical planetary systems
Authors: Lei Hanlun , Gong Yan-Xiang 
Published: May 2022

Aims. The eccentric von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai (ZLK) effect is widely used to explain dynamical phenomena in a variety of astrophysical systems. The purpose of this work is to clarify the dynamical essence of the eccentric ZLK effect by constructing an inherent connection between this effect and the dynamics of secular resonance in restricted hierarchical planetary systems.
Methods. Dynamical structures of apsidal resonance were studied analytically by means of perturbative treatments. The resonant model was formulated by averaging the Hamiltonian (up to octupole order) over rotating ZLK cycles, producing an additional motion integral. The phase portraits under the resonant model can be used to analyse dynamical structures, including resonant centres, dynamical separatrices, and islands of libration.
Results. By analysing phase portraits, five branches of libration centres and eight libration zones are found in eccentricity-inclination space. The analytical results of the libration zone and the numerical distributions of the resonant orbit agree very well, indicating that the resonant model for apsidal resonances is valid and applicable. Additionally, we found that in the test-particle limit, the distributions of flipping orbits are dominated by the apsidal resonances that are centred at an inclination of i = 90°.
Conclusions. The eccentric ZLK effect is dynamically equivalent to the effect of apsidal resonance in restricted hierarchical planetary systems. The dynamical response of the eccentric ZLK effect (or of the effect of apsidal resonance) is to significantly excite the eccentricities and/or inclinations of test particles in the very long-term evolution.
La classe molaire est-elle correlée à la posture corporelle : Étude sur 311 sujets
Authors: Chenal Lucie , Jeannin Christophe , Gebeile-Chauty Sarah 
Published: May 2022

Alors que la relation entre la posture corporelle et les malocclusions est mal connue, les orthodontistes sont parfois pris à partie sur les prétendues conséquences des traitements orthodontiques sur la posture générale. L’objectif principal de cette étude transversale est de déterminer si la posture corporelle dans le sens antéropostérieur est corrélée au type d’engrènement molaire.
Matériel et méthode : Dans une étude d’observation, la posture corporelle de 311 patients a été évaluée. Les sujets ont été groupés en fonction de leur classe molaire, du surplomb et du recouvrement incisif. Leur statique posturale a été évaluée au moyen d’une plateforme de stabilométrie. Les différents groupes ont été statistiquement comparés au seuil de 5%.
Résultats : Plus la mésiocclusion molaire maxillaire augmente, plus la posture corporelle est antéfléchie (p = 0.03). En revanche, la posture corporelle n’est pas corrélée au surplomb, au recouvrement et aux occlusions asymétriques. Le contrôle postural s’améliore avec l’âge (r = − 0,39).
Discussion : Une corrélation entre la posture et l’occlusion existerait dans le sens sagittal. Les problèmes posturaux ne seraient ainsi pas systématiquement imputables au traitement orthodontique mais associés à la malocclusion initiale. Une étude future serait nécessaire afin d’évaluer l’influence du traitement orthodontique sur la posture.
Interactions entre remodelage osseux et traitement anti-dépresseur inhibiteur sélectif de la recapture de la sérotonine : vers une accélération chimique du mouvement orthodontique ?
Authors: Dhenain Thomas , Dhenain Sherry-Lynn Boublil , Dhenain Hugo 
Published: May 2022

Introduction : certains adultes traités par traitement anti-dépresseur ISRS (Inhibiteur Sélectif de la Recapture de la Sérotonine) ont par ailleurs recours à l’orthodontie. L’objectif de cette revue est de faire le point sur l’accélération du déplacement dentaire sous l’action de la sérotonine périphérique extrinsèque.Matériel et méthode : une revue de la littérature a été réalisée afin d’étudier les interactions entre la prise d’ISRS et la régulation du remodelage osseux.Résultats : la sérotonine périphérique agit sur l’os alvéolaire en diminuant sa densité ce qui favorise la vitesse de déplacement dentaire. Elle exerce un effet inflammatoire qui augmente le turn-over osseux et possède aussi un effet anti-inflammatoire qui protège du risque de résorption radiculaire.Discussion : l’absence totale d’études chez l’homme ne permet pas actuellement leur utilisation pour accélérer le déplacement dentaire.Conclusion : bien que des investigations complémentaires soient nécessaires, cette étude montre qu’un apport extrinsèque en sérotonine pourrait catalyser le mouvement dentaire sans entraîner de résorption radiculaire.
Can a Short-term Daily Oral Administration of Propolis Improve Muscle
Fatigue and Recovery?
Authors: Tsuchiya Yuma , Hirata Naoya , Asama Takashi , Osakabe Naomi , Hirata Kosuke , Akagi Ryota 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of 1-week oral administration of propolis on
muscle fatigue and recovery after performing a fatigue task (total 100 maximal
voluntary concentric knee extension repetitions). In this placebo-controlled,
double-blind study, 18 young men consumed a formulation with high Brazilian
green propolis dose (H-BGP), a formulation with low Brazilian green propolis
dose, or a placebo, for 1 week before performing the fatigue task (an interval
between each intervention: 1–2 weeks). Maximal voluntary contraction
torque, central fatigue (voluntary activation and root mean square values of the
surface electromyography amplitude), and peripheral fatigue (potentiated triplet
torque) were assessed before, immediately after, and 2 minutes after the
fatigue task. Maximal voluntary contraction torque decreased immediately after
the fatigue task in all conditions (P<0.001); however, it recovered from
immediately after to 2 minutes after the fatigue task only in the H-BGP
condition (P<0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in
voluntary activation (P<0.001) and root mean square values of the
surface electromyography amplitude (P≤0.035) only in the placebo
condition. No significant difference was observed in the time-course change in
potentiated triplet torque between the conditions. These results suggest that
oral administration of propolis promotes muscle fatigue recovery by reducing
central fatigue.
Modeling the evolution of the US opioid crisis for national policy development
Authors: Lim Tse Yang , Stringfellow Erin J. , Stafford Celia A. , DiGennaro Catherine , Homer Jack B. , Wakeland Wayne , Eggers Sara L. , Kazemi Reza , Glos Lukas , Ewing Emily G. , Bannister Calvin B. , Humphreys Keith , Throckmorton Douglas C. , Jalali Mohammad S. 
Published: May 2022

SignificanceThe opioid crisis remains one of the greatest public health challenges in the United States. The crisis is complex, with long delays and feedbacks between policy actions and their effects, which creates a risk of unintended consequences and complicates policy decision-making. We present SOURCE (Simulation of Opioid Use, Response, Consequences, and Effects), an operationally detailed national-level model of the opioid crisis, intended to enhance understanding of the crisis and guide policy decisions. Drawing on multiple data sources, SOURCE replicates how risks of opioid misuse initiation and overdose have evolved over time in response to behavioral and other changes and suggests how those risks may evolve in the future, providing a basis for projecting and analyzing potential policy impacts and solutions.
Increased variability of the western Pacific subtropical high under greenhouse warming
Authors: Yang Kai , Cai Wenju , Huang Gang , Hu Kaiming , Ng Benjamin , Wang Guojian 
Published: May 2022

SignificanceThe western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) channels moisture from the tropics that underpins the East Asian summer climate. Interannual variability of the WPSH dominates climate extremes in the densely populated countries of East Asia. In 2020, an anomalously strong WPSH led to catastrophic floods with hundreds of deaths, 28,000 homes destroyed, and tens of billions in economic damage in China alone. How the frequency of such strong WPSH events will change is of great societal concern. Our finding of an increase in future WPSH variability, translating into an increased frequency of climate extreme as seen in the 2020 episode, highlights the increased risks for the billions of people in the densely populated East Asia with profound socioeconomic consequences.
Active transformations of topological structures in light-driven nematic disclination networks
Authors: Jiang Jinghua , Ranabhat Kamal , Wang Xinyu , Rich Hailey , Zhang Rui , Peng Chenhui 
Published: May 2022

SignificanceTopological defects are marvels of nature. Understanding their structures is important for their applications in, for example, directed self-assembly, sensing, and photonic devices. There is recent interest in active motion and transformation of topological defects in active nematics. In these nonequilibrium systems, however, the motion and transformation of disclinations are difficult to control, thereby hindering their applications. Here, we propose a surface-patterned system engendering periodic three-dimensional disclinations, which can be excited by light irradiation and undergo a programmable transformation between different topological states. Continuum simulations recapitulating these topological structures characterize the bending, breaking, and relinking events of the disclinations during the nonequilibrium process. Our work provides an alternative dynamic system in which active transformation of topological defects can be engineered.
Cholesteric cellulose liquid crystal ink for three-dimensional structural coloration
Authors: Zhang Zhuohao , Wang Chong , Wang Qiao , Zhao Yuanjin , Shang Luoran 
Published: May 2022

Significance
We propose a printable structural color ink composed of cholesteric cellulose liquid crystals together with gelatin and a thermal-responsive hydrogel. The ink is endowed with vivid structural colors and printability due to its constituents. Based on this, we print a series of graphics and three-dimensional (3D) objects with vivid color appearances. Moreover, the printed objects possess dual thermal responsiveness, which results in visible color change around body temperature. These performances, together with the biocompatibility of the constituents, indicate that the present ink represents a leap forward to the next-generation 3D printing and would unlock a wide range of real-life applications.
The impact of language dominance on Russian-Hebrew bilingual children’s narrative production
Authors: Fichman Sveta , Walters Joel , Armon-Lotem Sharon , Altman Carmit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The study explores the effect of language dominance on microstructure, macrostructure, and Internal State Terms (ISTs) in narratives of Russian-Hebrew bilingual children and examines within-language and cross-language associations between narrative elements in two dominance groups. Narratives were collected from 38 Russian-Hebrew bilingual children aged 5;5–6;7 using the LITMUS-MAIN retelling procedures. The children were divided into L1-dominant (N = 19) and L2-dominant (N = 19) bilinguals based on performance on proficiency tests in L1/Russian and L2/Hebrew. The narratives were coded for microstructure measures: number of different words (NDW), total number of tokens (TNT), number of C-units (CUs), and Mean Length of C-unit (MLCU); and for macrostructure measures: Story Structure and Story Complexity. Ratios of IST tokens and types were calculated per C-unit. Children produced significantly higher NDW, TNT, and MLCU in L2/Hebrew than in L1/Russian. Scores on macrostructure measures and ratios of total ISTs were similar across languages. L1-dominant bilinguals demonstrated similarity between L1 and L2 for microstructure and IST types, whereas L2-dominant bilinguals produced more IST types in L2/Hebrew and had relatively few significant cross-language correlations. Findings for language dominance and cross-language differences are discussed for those narrative features which emerged as sensitive to these effects.
Interlingual terminological asymmetry as one of the aspects of studying foreign languages
Authors: Karlova Tetyana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to explore interlingual terminological asymmetry from the cognitive-onomasiological standpoints. False synonymy of adjectives in anatomical terminology of Latin, Ukrainian, Russian, and English have been analyzed and interpreted as factors causing interlingual terminological asymmetry.In Latin anatomical terminology, there is a significant number of nominative units with similar meanings. They often have one equivalent in other (modern) languages or can be simply confused as a result of misunderstanding. It creates difficulties in the process of interlingual terminological communication. Despite the substrate nature of the Latin anatomical terminology, national terminological systems undergo different types of correlations in their functioning. The author assumes such correlations are related to the concepts of “terminological asymmetry” (lack of interlingual interchangeability of terms) and “quasi-synonymous effect” (the loss of cognitive-differential function of the term).Attention is also paid to the preparation of a theoretical basis for creating a special thesaurus to help speakers of Ukrainian study medical terminology in Latin and English.
High-Throughput Sequencing to Evaluate the Effects of Methamphetamine on the Succession of the Bacterial Community to Estimate the Postmortem Interval
Authors: Wang Shujuan , Chen Wei , Shang Yanjie , Ren Lipin , Zhang Xiangyan , Guo Yadong , Zhang Changquan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn forensic medical examinations, estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) is an important factor. Methamphetamine (MA) is a synthetic stimulant that is commonly abused, and estimation of the PMI after MA abuse has become one of the main tasks in forensic investigation. Microorganisms play a vital role in carrion decomposition. Analysing the bacterial succession patterns can be used as a forensic tool to estimate the PMI. The present study aimed to analyse bacterial succession changes during the decomposition of MA to estimate the PMI. We analysed bacterial communities in rabbits treated with three different concentrations of MA (0, 22.5, and 90 mg/kg) under the natural conditions of 20 °C and 70% humidity by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons using the Illumina MiSeq system. We obtained 2 374 209 high-quality sequences and 2 937 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The relative abundances of the bacterial communities varied markedly in response to different MA concentrations. Interestingly, in response to the different concentrations of MA, Bacteroidetes became disparate in the rectum in the late PMI. Increased numbers of bacterial taxa were identified in the rectum and buccal cavity samples, except at the highest concentration of MA in the rectum samples when PMI was 0–h, than were present in live rabbits. Meanwhile, the PMI correlated significantly with bacterial succession at different taxonomic levels. Our results suggested that bacterial community succession could be used as a “microbial clock” to estimate the PMI in cases of MA-related death; however, further study is required to gain a deeper understanding of this concept. Key PointsAs a forensic tool, microbiome succession patterns have great potential for PMI estimation.At different taxonomic levels, the variation in the succession of microorganisms under three different concentrations of MA during the processes of decomposition is significantly related to PMI for estimating MA abuse.These findings provide a new idea for the estimation of PMI of MA abused by changes in microorganisms.
Optical analogue of the Schwarzschild–Planck metric
Authors: Moreno-Ruiz Alhan , Bermudez David 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We revisit the connection between trajectories of accelerated mirrors and spacetime metrics. We present the general (1 + 1)D effective metric that can be obtained with a fibre-optical analogue through the Kerr effect. Then we introduce a new connection between accelerated mirrors and the optical metric. In particular, we connect them for two specific trajectories: the first one is the black mirror that perfectly recreates the Schwarzchild spacetime. The second one is the Schwarzschild–Planck metric that is a regularized version of the Schwarzschild case. The regularization depends on a length scale that has a clear physical interpretation in the fibre-optical analogue system. We study the geometric properties and the Hawking radiation produced in these new analogue metrics.
Optically controlled valley-polarized resonance based on monolayer WSe2 electrical quantum structure
Authors: Ji T , Chen Q , Ren B C , Guo Y , Yuan R Y 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose an asymmetric monolayer WSe2 electrical quantum structure consisting of one well and one barrier. Modulating the chirality and the effective energy of two beams of off-resonant circularly polarized lights (OCPLs), we investigate the optically controlled valley transport properties for electron tunneling through the asymmetric quantum structure. It is found that the perfect valley polarization not only occurs in the case of radiating the homo-chiral OCPLs, but also can be observed with applying the anti-chiral OCPLs. Particularly, when the anti-chiral OCPLs are radiated, the valley-polarized conductance as a function of the effective energy of OCPLs presents the resonant phenomenon, and the amplitude of the resonant peak is enhanced to 1. The results indicate that the valley polarization is conducive to experimental measurement, and the ultra-fast optically controlled valleytronic devices, such as valley-based Flash Memory can be achieved in this quantum structure. Additionally, the optically controlled valley-polarized resonance can be modulated by the intensity of the gate voltage, incident energy and angle.
Real-time rail recognition based on 3D point clouds
Authors: Yu Xinyi , He Weiqi , Qian Xuecheng , Yang Yang , Zhang Tingting , Ou Linlin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Accurate rail location is a crucial part of safety monitoring in railway operational systems. Light detection and ranging can be used to obtain point clouds that contain three-dimensional (3D) information about the railway environment, especially in darkness and poor weather conditions. In this paper, a real-time rail recognition method based on 3D point clouds is proposed to solve the challenges, such as the disorder, uneven density and large volume of the point clouds. A voxel downsampling method is first presented to balance the density of the railway point clouds, and pyramid partitioning is designed to divide the 3D scanning area into voxels with different volumes. A feature encoding module is then developed to find the nearest neighbor points and to aggregate their local geometric features for the central point. Finally, a multiscale neural network is proposed to generate the prediction results for each voxel and the rail location. Experiments are conducted on nine sequences of 3D point cloud railway data. The results show that this method has good performance in detecting straight and curved rails and other complex rail topologies.