bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Too hot to hunt: Mechanistic predictions of thermal refuge from cat predation risk
Authors: Briscoe Natalie J. , McGregor Hugh , Roshier David , Carter Andrew , Wintle Brendan A. , Kearney Michael R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany threatened species depend on climatic microrefugia, but places with harsh climates for predators may also play a refugial role. Feral cats threaten many native species in arid Australia. Although cats can persist in regions with no free water, their abundance should depend on the availability of microclimates that protect them from harsh environmental conditions. We developed a biophysical model of feral cat heat stress and used it to explore how behavior and microhabitat features influence water requirements and activity. Tests of model predictions against fine‐scale GPS and microclimate data highlight the importance of refuges, particularly rabbit burrows. Continent‐wide simulations show large but temporally varying areas of the arid zone that would be lethal for cats without access to deep or shaded burrows. Our approach can identify locations that may act as natural refuges for native prey, and where habitat management strategies may be effective in controlling cat abundance.
Myocardial perfusion reserve in patients with chronic hepatitis C before and after direct‐acting antiviral treatment—a pilot study
Authors: Sølund Christina , Hasbak Philip , Knudsen Andreas , Kjaer Andreas , Lebech Anne M. , Weis Nina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionPatients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease which may be due to inflammation and endothelial dysfunction caused by the chronic infection. In this prospective pilot study, we assessed, for the first time among patients with CHC the myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) by Rubidium‐82 (82Rb) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) before and after direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) treatment and compared them with biomarkers of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.MethodsWe included 10 patients with CHC who received 8 or 12 weeks of DAA treatment. To obtain the MPR, a cardiac 82Rb PET/CT scan at rest and adenosine‐induced stress was performed at baseline and between 12 and 24 weeks post DAA treatment. Additionally, markers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation were measured at baseline and 12 weeks after DAA treatment.ResultsAll 10 patients achieved cure and the median age was 50 (range: 40–62 years). The median MPR before treatment was 3.1 (range: 2.3–4.8) compared to 2.9 (range: 2.2–4.1) after DAA treatment p = 0.63. Also, cure after DAA treatment was not associated with an overall significant decrease in markers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation.DiscussionCure after DAA treatment in patients with CHC did not improve coronary microvascular function nor did it lead to a decrease in soluble markers of cardiovascular risk in the given time frame where the patients were followed. It should be noted, that MPR before DAA treatment was in the normal range. Considering the small sample size and short follow‐up time, further studies are warranted to determine if viral clearance has an effect on coronary microvascular function and endothelial dysfunction.
Effect of low‐intensity exercise with blood flow restriction during rest intervals on muscle function and perception
Authors: Tanaka Tsukasa , Kubota Atsushi , Nozu Shojiro , Ozaki Hayao , Kishimoto Kohei , Nishio Hirofumi , Takazawa Yuji 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeWe assessed the effects of low‐intensity exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) during rest intervals on recovery of muscle function and pain during exercise and rest intervals.MethodsParticipants were 10 males and study arms of the participants were randomly assigned into three conditions; low‐intensity exercise with BFR during rest intervals (rBFR), low‐intensity exercise with BFR during exercise (eBFR) and low‐intensity exercise only (EO). The exercise task was elbow flexion until repetition failure at 30% of 1 RM and cuff pressure was 120 mmHg. The maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and the muscle endurance (ME) were measured pre, post, 1, 24 and 48 h after the exercise. Pain during exercise and rest intervals were evaluated using the Numerical Rating Scale.ResultsMVIC and ME significantly decreased after exercise in all conditions. Pain during exercise was lower in rBFR (4.2 ± 2.9) (p = 0.007) and EO (4.4 ± 2.7) (p = 0.014) conditions compared to eBFR condition (6.7 ± 1.7), but the pain during rest intervals was more intense in rBFR condition (5.2 ± 1.6) compared to eBFR (1.5 ± 1.4) and EO (1.7 ± 1.2) conditions (p < 0.001).ConclusionWe discovered that recovery of muscle function was the same as BFR during rest intervals and BFR during exercise. Also, our results suggested that BFR itself may cause the perception of pain. Future studies are thus required to investigate the optimal dosage focusing on the pressure volume and intensity used in BFR during intervals.
Implementation of physical activity interventions in a community‐based youth mental healthcare service: A case study of context, strategies, and outcomes
Authors: Czosnek Louise , Rosenbaum Simon , Rankin Nicole M. , Zopf Eva M. , Cormie Prue , Herbert Brittany , Richards Justin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsPhysical activity interventions are recommended for community‐based youth mental health services to prevent physical health disparities. Implementation is challenging, and studies focusing on the methods to achieve change are needed. This study aims to identify the context, implementation strategies, and implementation outcomes that illustrate how physical activity interventions were implemented within an early intervention service in Australia.MethodsA theoretically informed case study was undertaken. Data from a community‐based youth mental health service that delivers an early psychosis programme were collected between July and November 2020. Three data sources were accessed (1) interviews with service managers, mental health clinicians and exercise physiologists; (2) document review of organizational policies and procedures; and (3) survey using the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool. The implementation outcomes investigated were acceptability, fidelity, penetration, and sustainability. Framework analysis was used, and a logic model developed guided by an established template, to interpret findings.ResultsForty‐three contextual factors and 43 implementation strategies were identified. The data suggests that creating a new clinical team and auditing and feedback are critical for implementation. High levels of acceptability and sustainability were described, while fidelity of implementation was difficult to establish, and penetration was low.ConclusionsThe relationship between constructs suggests several mechanisms underpinned implementation. These include changing professional beliefs, establishing new organizational norms, augmenting existing work processes, and aligning physical activity with priorities of the mental healthcare system and existing work tasks. This case study provides direction for future health service planning of physical activity interventions in community‐based youth mental health service.
The changing role of perennial ryegrass in dairy pastures in northern Victoria, Australia
Authors: Rogers Mary‐Jane , Lawson Alister , Ho Christie , Kelly Kevin , Wales William , Jacobs Joseph 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the dairy region of northern Victoria, Australia, the performance of temperate perennial dairy pastures is often poor over summer due to a combination of high temperatures and limited water availability that can restrict dry matter production and plant survival. This review summarizes published and unpublished research on perennial ryegrass, mostly undertaken in the northern Victoria region over the past decade, to help determine its future role in this environment. It includes information from a series of field experiments or case studies where the effects of heat and restricted irrigation on the growth and nutritive characteristics of perennial ryegrass were examined. This research involved investigations on whether plant survival under the stressed experimental conditions could be influenced by plant genotype, irrigation, and grazing management strategies, as well as by the presence of endophyte. In conclusion, it was difficult to identify any irrigation, grazing management or plant genotype effect that consistently improved the performance of perennial ryegrass in the hot, dry summers of northern Victoria, Australia. The incidences of extreme heat events and low water availability in this region are increasing, and the role of C3 perennial grasses as major suppliers of feed for dairy cows is diminishing. A major focus for the dairy industry in this region is now to identify new farming systems and alternative species that may be better adapted to the climate environment than perennial ryegrass, as well as be capable of adapting to year‐to‐year variations in irrigation water supply.
Physicians' perceptions of patient participation and the involvement of family caregivers in the palliative care pathway
Authors: Tarberg Anett S. , Thronæs Morten , Landstad Bodil J. , Kvangarsnes Marit , Hole Torstein 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionPatient participation is essential for quality palliative care, and physicians play a crucial role in promoting participation. This study explores physicians' perceptions of patients and family caregivers' involvement in the different phases of the palliative pathway and employs a qualitative design with thematic analysis and a hermeneutic approach.MethodsA purposive sampling included physicians who worked in different phases of the palliative pathway. In‐depth, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 13 physicians in Norway between May and June 2020.ResultsThree main themes illustrate physicians' perceptions of patients' and family caregivers' involvement: (1) beneficence for the patient and the family caregivers in the early phase, (2) autonomy and shared decision‐making in the middle phase, and (3) family involvement in the terminal phase.ConclusionThe physicians perceived bereavement conversations as essential, particularly if the pathway had been challenging. They also perceived patient participation and family caregivers' involvement as contextual. The results reveal that participation differs across the different phases of the palliative pathway. This type of knowledge should be included in the education of health‐care professionals. Future research should explore elements vital to successful patient participation and family involvement in the different phases of care.Patient or Public ContributionsFamily caregivers were involved in a previous study through individual interviews. The same interview guide used for the family caregivers was used when interviewing the physicians. The family caregivers' contribution led to nuanced questions in the interviews with the physicians, questions leaning on their stories told.
Empowering nurses through inclusive leadership to promote research capacity building: A James Lind Alliance priority setting Partnership in Community Nursing
Authors: Henshall Catherine , Jones Louise , Armitage Claire , Tomlinson Lee 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThis paper focuses on the benefits of inclusive leadership when undertaking a priority setting partnership in community nursing, through providing a collaborative and committed nurse‐led forum for initiating impactful changes, identifying evidence uncertainties and driving research capacity‐building initiatives.DesignThis is a Discussion paper. The project was undertaken between 2020 and 2021.Data sourcesThis paper is based on shared reflections as 70@70 Senior Nurse Research Leaders and is supported by literature and theory. It draws on issues relating to collective leadership, stakeholder engagement, diversity, inclusivity and COVID‐19.Implications for nursingThe James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership catalysed the development of a rigorous evidence‐base in community nursing. The collaborative opportunities, networks and connections developed with patients, carers, nursing leaders, policy makers and healthcare colleagues raised the profile of community nursing research. This will benefit nursing research, practice, education and patients in receipt of community nursing care. Collective buy in from national leaders in policy, education, funding and commissioning has secured a commitment that the evidence uncertainties will be funded.ConclusionFour key learnings emerged: collective leadership can ensure learning is embedded and sustained; developing an engaged stakeholder community to promote community nursing research is essential; a diverse membership ensures inclusivity and representation; and insights into the impact of COVID‐19 aid progress. The process increased research engagement and created capacity and capability‐building initiatives. This will help community nurses feel empowered to lead changes to practice. Sustained engagement and commitment are required to integrate research priorities into community nursing research, education and practice and to drive forward changes to commissioning and service delivery.ImpactThe study promoted research capacity building through inclusive leadership. This can increase community nurses' research engagement and career development and patient care quality and safety; this can incentivize funders and policy makers to prioritize community nursing research.
Needs and problems related to sociodemographic factors of informal caregiving of people with heart failure: A mixed methods study in three European countries
Authors: Durante Angela , Cuoco Angela , Boyne Josiane , Brawner Bridgette , Juarez‐Vela Raul , Stasi Serenella , Younas Ahtisham , Vellone Ercole 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsTo explore caregivers' needs and problems in three European countries and associate the clusters of caregivers' needs with their sociodemographic characteristics.DesignA qualitative focused mixed methods design was used.MethodsIn total, 52 caregivers of heart failure (HF) people were interviewed in three European countries between March 2017 and December 2018. Transcripts were analysed using the seven‐phase method of the exploratory multidimensional analysis according to Fraire with Reinert lexical classes findings were organized in dendrograms. Mayring's content analysis was also performed.ResultsThree clusters of caregivers were identified: spouses, adult children and non‐family members. Caregivers not only provide HF patients with vital unpaid support for their physical and emotional needs, but they are continually trying to cope with their social isolation and deteriorating health.ConclusionsInformal caregiving emerged as a complex process influenced by various sociodemographic factors. Gender, relationship type and economic status are the important factors to be considered planning to develop approaches to address the needs of caregivers serving people with heart failure.ImpactA comprehensive understanding of the nature of informal caregiving of individuals with heart failure, the complexity of the real‐world sociodemographic and cultural factors is warranted. The use of the EMDA method gave us the possibility of processing large masses of qualitative data through rapid, complex calculations. In detail, AATD allowed us to study in deep the significant fuzziness of what caregivers expressed and to analyse the content of the entire interviews and to produce global knowledge by using multi‐dimensional statistical methods to grasp the fundamental sense of the interviews, beyond the simple words.Three clusters were identified in the samples, including spouses, adult children and non‐family members. This study demonstrated that some sociodemographic characteristics could lead to everyday needs. Therefore, these demographic characteristics should be considered in developing targeted interventions. The research was conducted in Europe, but the technique shown can be replicated everywhere. The findings not only impact nursing but can be extended to all those stakeholders who concur with a public health educational mission.Patient or Public ContributionCarers were involved in this study after the discharge of their loved ones or at the time of the outpatient visit. They were involved after they had been observed in their dynamics of involvement in caring of the familiars or friends with heart failure.
Integrative skincare trial of intense pulsed light followed by the phyto‐corrective mask, phyto‐corrective gel, and resveratrol BE for decreasing post‐procedure downtime and improving procedure outcomes in patients with rosacea
Authors: Barbarino Sheila C. , Bucay Vivian W. , Cohen Joel L. , Gold Michael H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition of varying severity that can significantly impact patient quality of life. Intense pulsed light (IPL) is an established treatment for rosacea‐associated telangiectasia, inflammation, and erythema.This study assessed whether application of a phyto‐corrective mask, gel, and resveratrol antioxidant serum after IPL treatment can improve outcomes and reduce procedure‐related adverse effects.MethodsIn a prospective, open‐label, split‐face, 3‐month study, 10 subjects with moderate‐to‐severe facial rosacea underwent IPL treatment on both sides of the face. The following were applied to the right side of the face only: phyto‐corrective mask once weekly starting immediately after IPL; phyto‐corrective gel twice daily; and resveratrol antioxidant treatment at night. Both sides of the face were treated with sunscreen. Subjects were assessed on Day 1, 1 and 3 months after IPL by three, independent evaluators using the 5‐point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS). All subjects rated skin redness, hydration, and overall improvement on Day 1 and completed a patient satisfaction questionnaire at the 1‐ and 3‐month visits.ResultsTen women were enrolled, aged 44–72 years old, with moderate (n = 6) to severe (n = 4) rosacea. IPL was effective at reducing symptoms with rosacea classified as absent in five women and mild in five at the final 3‐month visit. GAIS scores also revealed improvements on both sides of the face, but the skincare treated side showed continuous improvement over 3 months with all patients remaining at least “Improved”, whereas there appeared to be a waning effect after 1 month with IPL alone. On Day 1 after IPL, all women reported less redness, improved hydration, and improved skin appearance on the right side of the face. Patient satisfaction was consistently rated higher on the right side of the face.ConclusionApplication of a phyto‐corrective mask, gel, and resveratrol antioxidant serum may complement IPL treatment for rosacea by enhancing treatment outcomes and reducing procedure‐related symptoms.
Dismantling the master's house: Decolonizing “Rigor” in psychological scholarship
Authors: Abo‐Zena Mona M. , Jones Keith , Mattis Jacqueline 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purported goal of social science research is to develop approaches and applications to the psychological study of social issues that allow us to know, accurately and inclusively, the lived experiences of all human beings. However, our current theoretical and methodological tools, while perceived as “objective,” were founded on ahistorical and context‐eliminating perspectives that privilege research designs and analytic strategies that reflect biased racial reasoning with roots in European colonial knowledge formations. By analyzing how the language of “rigor” is deployed within specific instances of social science research, we assert that it is conceptualized and operationalized to maintain a Eurocentric worldview and conception of the “human.” In exploring the ways that the language of “rigor” furthers a European conception of knowledge production as normative, this manuscript provides a critical analysis that seeks to redress ongoing epistemic colonial violence by decolonizing a key term in psychological scholarship.
Paramyrothecium foliicola causes crown dry rot of melon (Cucumis melo) in Iran
Authors: Sabahi Fatemeh , Mirtalebi Maryam , Banihashemi Zia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn spring 2018, melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants with wilting of the leaves and dry rot of the crowns were observed in Dashti county, Bushehr province, southern Iran. Nine fungal isolates were recovered from the symptomatic crowns. Based on the morphological characteristics and DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal RNA gene, the fungus was identified as Paramyrothecium foliicola L. Lombard and Crous. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed on melon under greenhouse conditions to fulfil the Koch's postulates. Host range determination showed except for pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata L.) and bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria L.), several other cucurbit crops exhibited high disease incidence. To our knowledge, this is the first report of crown dry rot of melon caused by P. foliicola in Iran.
Probing the leak pathway: Live‐cell imaging of macromolecule passage through epithelia
Authors: Richter Jan F. , Hildner Markus , Mrowka Ralf , Schmauder Ralf 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEpithelia compartmentalize multicellular organisms and provide interfacing between the inside and outside. Apart from regulating the exchange of solutes, uptake of nutrients, and excretion of waste products, their major function is to prevent uncontrolled access of foreign material to immune‐competent compartments. Progress in understanding this barrier function toward larger solutes and its possible defects, as can be seen in a variety of diseases, is largely hampered by a lack of methods to spatiotemporally resolve transepithelial passage of macromolecules. Using different cell culture epithelia, we applied biotinylated dextran tracers carrying an acceptor fluorophore. These bind to cell‐adherent avidin carrying donor fluorophore at the basolateral membranes of single‐layered epithelial sheets. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was applied to living epithelia in order to image apical‐to‐basolateral tracer passage as a Förster resonance energy transfer signal of the fluorescent dextran–avidin pair over time. Stimulated macromolecule passage using barrier‐perturbing agents proved its effectiveness for the leak imaging method presented herein. Over hours of imaging, spontaneous leaks were rare, occurring transiently on the scale of minutes and for the most part associated with rearranging cell junctions. The discussed approach to leak imaging is expected to promote the understanding of epithelial barriers, particularly, the nature and dynamics of the epithelial cell leak pathway.