bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐reported outcomes among patients with systemic mastocytosis in routine clinical practice: Results of the TouchStone SM Patient Survey
Authors: Mesa Ruben A. , Sullivan Erin M. , Dubinski David , Carroll Brittany , Slee Valerie M. , Jennings Susan V. , Finnerty Celeste C. , Bohannon Linda S. , Mathias Susan D. , Lahue Betsy J. , Castells Mariana C. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSystemic mastocytosis (SM) is a rare clonal neoplasm driven by KIT D816V and other mutations. Data were collected from the patient perspective on disease burden and included an SM‐specific symptom assessment tool.MethodsUS adults aged 18 years and older with a self‐reported SM diagnosis completed an online TouchStone SM Patient Survey of 100 items, including the 12‐item Short‐Form Health Survey, the Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis Symptom Assessment Form, and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire, as well as questions about SM diagnosis, the impact of SM on daily activities, work impairment, and health care use. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsFifty‐six individuals completed the survey (89% women; median age, 48 years; mean time since diagnosis, 6.7 years), reporting indolent SM (66%), aggressive SM (9%), smoldering SM (5%), and unknown SM subtype (18%). Over a 1‐year recall, respondents reported seeking emergency care for anaphylaxis (30%) and taking three or more prescription medications (52%) for SM. Over one half of patients (54%) reduced their work hours because of SM, and 64% avoided leaving home because of symptoms. A majority of respondents (93%) had experienced ≥10 SM‐related symptoms, noting that the most bothersome were anaphylactic episodes (18%), abdominal/stomach pain (16%), diarrhea/loose stools (13%), and fatigue (11%). Whereas an Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis Symptom Assessment Form‐derived total symptom score of 28 is used to indicate moderate‐to‐severe symptoms, the mean total symptom score was 52.7. Mental and physical component summary scores from the 12‐item Short‐Form Health Survey were below population norms.ConclusionsPatients who were surveyed reported substantial symptom burden and unmet needs because of SM, as evidenced by seeking emergency care and reporting bothersome symptoms, poor quality of life, and reduced work hours and productivity.Lay summary

The objective of this research was to understand the burden and unmet needs in the rare disease of systemic mastocytosis (SM) to guide future care.

Fifty‐six patients completed an online survey containing questions about their diagnosis, medications, health care use, quality of life, and SM symptoms.

The results demonstrated that SM is associated with severe and burdensome symptoms, anaphylactic events, emergency department visits, use of multiple medications, reduced ability to work, and poor physical and psychological quality of life.

These findings suggest the need for future advances to address unmet needs in patients affected by SM.
CAR‐T therapy as a consolidation in remission B‐ALL patients with poor prognosis
Authors: Yin Zhichao , Lin Yuehui , Liu Dan , Tong Chunrong , Liu Shuangyou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo date, almost all studies regarding chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy for B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) were performed in refractory/relapsed (r/r) or minimal residual disease‐positive patients. CAR‐T therapy in remission patients has not been reported.AimTo observe the treatment outcome of CAR‐T cells for remission B‐ALL patients with poor prognosis.Methods and ResultsCAR‐T treatment was applied to two B‐ALL patients in remission status who had poor prognostic factors and refused transplantation, and one case was unable to accept standard chemotherapy owing to multiple complications. The procedure of CAR‐T therapy in these two remission patients was the same as that in r/r B‐ALL patients. Lentiviral vectors encoding second generation CARs composed of CD3ζ and 4‐1BB were used to produce CAR‐T cells. Lymphodepleting agents fludarabine and cyclophosphamide were administered prior to cell infusion. Grade I cytokine release syndrome occurred after each T‐cell infusion and there was no neurotoxicity. CAR‐T treatment followed by non‐intensive maintenance chemotherapy and targeted drugs allowed both patients to obtain a long‐term event‐free survival of more than three and a half years without transplantation.ConclusionsCAR‐T therapy could be used in high‐risk B‐ALL patients as a consolidation to avoid transplantation, the combination of CAR‐T and following maintenance therapy may be better than CAR‐T alone for durable remission.
A systematic review and narrative synthesis of indirect psychological intervention in acute mental health inpatient settings
Authors: Man Holly , Wood Lisa , Glover Naomi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesPsychologists frequently deliver indirect psychological interventions in mental health inpatient settings to support staff to reflect upon and improve their clinical practice. However, research into these interventions is sparse. Therefore, this study aimed to undertake a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the indirect psychological interventions used in mental health inpatient settings.MethodsMEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase were searched for eligible studies and forward‐citation searching was undertaken. A narrative synthesis was undertaken to synthesize results. The quality of studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.ResultsTen studies were included in the review, and all utilized a small to moderate sample size. We identified five categories of interventions involving a range of methodologies and the studies were assessed to be of good to adequate quality. The most common type of indirect intervention employed was case formulation sessions. Other types of indirect interventions included formal clinical supervision, reflective practice and staff practice‐based education sessions. Overall, the utilization of indirect psychological interventions shows promise, particularly case formulation sessions.ConclusionsThe use of indirect psychological interventions within mental health inpatient settings may have benefits for patient care. However, additional larger scale research is required to further develop the evidence base of indirect interventions for this setting.
Surface Modification of Y2Ti2O5S2 with Co3O4 Co‐catalyst for Photocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Lin Lihua , Polliotto Valeria , Vequizo Junie Jhon M. , Tao Xiaoping , Liang Xizhuang , Ma Yiwen , Hisatomi Takashi , Takata Tsuyoshi , Domen Kazunari 
Published: August 2022

AbstractY2Ti2O5S2 (YTOS), an oxysulfide material, has attracted attention as a photocatalyst due to its optical absorption at wavelengths up to 650 nm, and its ability to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. However, the performance of YTOS in photocatalytic water splitting has remained low. One important factor accounting for this poor activity is the absence of highly efficient active sites. Surface modification with oxygen‐evolution co‐catalysts is indispensable for enhancing the activity and durability of non‐oxide narrow‐bandgap photocatalysts. Herein, we report the preparation of cobalt oxide (Co3O4)‐loaded YTOS for photocatalytic oxygen evolution. The Co3O4 co‐catalyst was loaded by thermal decomposition of cobalt nitrate. The as‐obtained sample showed significantly enhanced activity in the oxygen evolution reaction compared with unmodified or IrO2‐loaded YTOS. Transient absorption spectroscopy revealed that the Co3O4 co‐catalyst captured holes and promoted charge separation, which accounted for the enhanced activity.
Spreading the Landscape of Dual Ion Batteries: from Electrode to Electrolyte
Authors: Liu Meiqi , Zhang Wei , Zheng Weitao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe working mechanism of a dual‐ion battery (DIB) differs from that of a lithium‐ion battery (LIB) in that the anions in the electrolyte of the former can be intercalated as well. Researchers have been paying close attention to this device because of its high voltage, low price, and environmental friendliness. However, DIBs are still in their early research stages, and numerous issues need to be addressed and investigated further. Initially, this Review explains how DIBs work in principle and discusses the progress of electrode materials for cathode and anode. Furthermore, since the electrolytes used as the active material, as well as anion, solvent, and additives, have a significant impact on the DIB's capacity and voltage, the current status is also presented in terms of electrolytes, followed by an outlook on confronting the challenges. A comprehensive summary from electrode to electrolyte will guide the development of next‐generation DIBs.
A low jitter sub‐sampling phase‐locked loop with sampling thermal noise cancellation technique
Authors: Li Zhen , Li Zhenrong , Wang Xudong , Wang Zeyuan , Zhuang Yiqi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe traditional sub‐sampling phase‐locked loop faces the tradeoffs between phase noise and spur, in that low in‐band phase noise requires large sampling capacitor size but at the sacrifice of spur performance. This paper presents a sub‐sampling PLL aimed at minimizing in‐band phase noise via sampling thermal noise cancellation technique. It enables the substantial reduction of in‐band phase noise while reducing the sampling capacitor size. In addition, due to the reduction of the sampling capacitance, the reference spur performance of the PLL is improved, and the power consumption of the isolation buffer is reduced. Implemented in a 65 nm CMOS process, the in‐band phase noise at 200 kHz offset is −133.4 dBc/Hz at 2.2 GHz and integrated jitter is 80 fsrms. The reference spur is −67 dBc. It consumes 5.5 mA from 1.2 V supply and occupies 0.72 mm2.
Healthy and unhealthy plant‐based diets in relation to the incidence of colorectal cancer overall and by molecular subtypes
Authors: Wang Fenglei , Ugai Tomotaka , Haruki Koichiro , Wan Yi , Akimoto Naohiko , Arima Kota , Zhong Rong , Twombly Tyler S. , Wu Kana , Yin Kanhua , Chan Andrew T. , Giannakis Marios , Nowak Jonathan A. , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Liang Liming , Song Mingyang , Smith‐Warner Stephanie A. , Zhang Xuehong , Giovannucci Edward L. , Willett Walter C. , Ogino Shuji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlant‐based foods have been recommended for health. However, not all plant foods are healthy, and little is known about the association between plant‐based diets and specific molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer (CRC). We examined the associations of healthy and unhealthy plant‐based diets with the incidence of CRC and its molecular subtypes.MethodsWhile 123 773 participants of the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study had been followed up (3 143 158 person‐years), 3077 of them had developed CRC. Healthy and unhealthy plant‐based diet indices (hPDI and uPDI, respectively) were calculated using repeated food frequency questionnaire data. We determined the tumoural status of microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and BRAF and KRAS mutations.ResultsHigher hPDI was associated with lower CRC incidence (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] comparing extreme quartiles, 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77, 0.96; P‐trend = .04), whereas higher uPDI was associated with higher CRC incidence (multivariable HR comparing extreme quartiles, 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.29; P‐trend = .005). The association of hPDI significantly differed by KRAS status (P‐heterogeneity = .003) but not by other tumour markers. The hPDI was associated with lower incidence of KRAS‐wildtype CRC (multivariable HR comparing extreme quartiles, 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.96; P‐trend = .004) but not KRAS‐mutant CRC (P‐trend = .22).ConclusionsWhile unhealthy plant‐based diet enriched with refined grains and sugar is associated with higher CRC incidence, healthy plant‐based diet rich in whole grains, fruits and vegetables is associated with lower incidence of CRC, especially KRAS‐wildtype CRC.
Electrical fire monitoring IoT framework for ancient architectural complex leveraging edge computing
Authors: Dai Huan , Shi Pengzhan , Liu Hongbo , Chen Ruyu , Chen Zhenping 
Published: August 2022

SummaryElectrical fires caused by leakage, short circuit, overload, and other electrical failures occur frequently in residential areas, and failure to find and locate the fault location in time is the main reason for the evolution of circuit fault into electrical fire, especially in the ancient buildings with aging circuit facilities. Different from modern large‐scale buildings, ancient architectural complex is composed of a large number of scattered low buildings with inconsistent facility specifications and simple structure, so it does not have the conditions to deploy unified electrical lines and establish traditional large‐scale circuit monitoring system. In this study, we design an electrical fire monitoring IoT (EFM‐IoT) framework, which can realize early fire warning by monitoring the residual current of appliances and is easy to deploy in ancient buildings. EFM‐IoT adopts the data cleaning mechanism based on report form to filter redundant data, reducing computing and storage pressure in the cloud. Moreover, we analyze the energy consumption in the process of residual current and temperature data flow, and explore an effective energy‐saving mechanism for transmission. EFM‐IoT has been successfully applied in Chinese historical and cultural street—Pingjiang Road of Suzhou. Extensive evaluation and analysis results demonstrate that EFM‐IoT can effectively alleviate the data traffic and load in the cloud and reduce the response time of early warning.
Analytical toxicology of yew constituents in human blood and urine by liquid chromatography‐high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Jacobs Cathy M. , Wagmann Lea , Meyer Markus R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe active, poisonous constituents in Taxus baccata, the yew plants, are taxine alkaloids whose main action is suggested to be a block of calcium and sodium channels. The main alkaloids are taxine B (30%) and taxine A (1.3%). Symptoms can include bradycardia, bradypnea, diastolic, and cardiac standstill. The current investigation reports the analytical toxicology of human blood and urine to confirm a suspected ingestion of yew needles. This includes the qualitative detection of several yew ingredients, including the main alkaloids, the validated quantification of 3,5‐dimethoxyphenol, and the discussion of suitable analytical targets. After analyzing human specimens and yew needle extracts using the developed procedures, the five alkaloids 1‐deotaxine B, taxicatin, taxine A, taxine B, and taxine I could be detected and tentatively identified. Finally, taxine A and B can be recommended as analytical targets besides 3,5‐dimethoxyphenol.
rGAI: An R package for fitting the generalized abundance index to seasonal count data
Authors: Dennis Emily B. , Fagard‐Jenkin Calliste , Morgan Byron J. T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe generalized abundance index (GAI) provides a useful tool for estimating relative population sizes and trends of seasonal invertebrates from species' count data and offers potential for inferring which external factors may influence phenology and demography through parametric descriptions of seasonal variation. We provide an R package that extends previous software with the ability to include covariates when fitting parametric GAI models, where seasonal variation is described by either a mixture of Normal distributions or a stopover model which provides estimates of life span. The package also generalizes the models to allow any number of broods/generations in the target population within a defined season. The option to perform bootstrapping, either parametrically or nonparametrically, is also provided. The new package allows models to be far more flexible when describing seasonal variation, which may be dependent on site‐specific environmental factors or consist of many broods/generations which may overlap, as demonstrated by two case studies. Our open‐source software, available at https://github.com/calliste‐fagard‐jenkin/rGAI, makes these extensions widely and freely available, allowing the complexity of GAI models used by ecologists and applied statisticians to increase accordingly.
Prey identity affects fitness of a generalist consumer in a brown food web
Authors: Khadempour Lily , Rivas Quijano Leslie , terHorst Casey P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of ever‐advancing sequencing technologies has revealed incredible biodiversity at the microbial scale, and yet we know little about the ecological interactions in these communities. For example, in the phytotelmic community found in the purple pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea, ecologists typically consider the bacteria as a functionally homogenous group. In this food web, bacteria decompose detritus and are consumed by protozoa that are considered generalist consumers. Here, we tested whether a generalist consumer benefits from all bacteria equally. We isolated and identified 22 strains of bacteria, belonging to six genera, from S. purpurea plants. We grew the protozoa, Tetrahymena sp. with single isolates and strain mixtures of bacteria and measured Tetrahymena fitness. We found that different bacterial strains had different effects on protozoan fitness, both in isolation and in mixture. Our results demonstrate that not accounting for the composition of prey communities may affect the predicted outcome of predator–prey interactions.
Fast‐paced city life? Tempo and mode of phenotypic changes in urban birds from Switzerland
Authors: Hüppi Evelyn , Geiger Madeleine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHumans' large influence on the environment has constructed many new ecological niches, such as in urban areas. Phenotypic changes, including morphological ones related to human influence, are known from a small number of bird species. The amount of change in a given time period, that is, the rate of change, may vary. Rates of change (both evolutionary and through phenotypic plasticity) are reportedly rapid in human‐influenced settings, although this is disputed. We present new data on changes in beak dimensions and rates of change over historical time periods in four urban bird species (Common Chaffinch, European Greenfinch, Eurasian Blackbird, House Sparrow) from three Swiss cities (Basel, Bern, Geneva). Our study shows that beak dimensions have changed little in most investigated urban bird populations over the past century. Only in Genevan Blackbirds there was evidence for an increase in beak length over the past 65 years; Bernese Chaffinches appear to be trending toward a decrease in beak width over the past 55 years. Rates of change in our sample in comparison with literature records showed that compared to populations less influenced by humans, urban evolutionary rates appear to be similar. Although in accordance with previous findings about other urban bird species, our study exemplifies the difficulty to find universal patterns in tempo and mode of phenotypic evolution in urban areas, even when considering the same taxa. Our data contribute to the expanding field of urban evolutionary biology, which is particularly important regarding the growing urban habitats worldwide.
Coastal upwelling may strengthen the controls of herbivory and light over the population dynamics of Hedophyllum sessile in the Oregon rocky intertidal
Authors: Spiecker Barbara J. , Menge Bruce A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSurvival of early life history stages is critical to the successful establishment of benthic populations. Although light availability and herbivory are likely to influence the passage of marine macroalgae through a “recruitment bottleneck” at the sporeling stage, the interactive effect of these factors on subsequent community patterns of macroalgae is not well studied. We experimentally tested the effect of light and grazing on sporelings of the common intertidal kelp Hedophyllum sessile. Studies were conducted at two sites along the Oregon coast: Strawberry Hill (an intermittent upwelling region) and Cape Blanco North (a persistent upwelling region). Herbivory and light availability were manipulated and kelp performance metrics (density and length) were measured monthly from May to November 2019. We found that the effects of herbivory and light availability were pronounced at Cape Blanco North but negligible at Strawberry Hill. At Cape Blanco North, herbivory had strong but opposing effects on the density and length of H. sessile. Kelp density was higher in treatments without herbivores while kelp length was greater in treatments with herbivores. Responses also differed with the life history stage. Herbivory had negative effects on juvenile kelp but positive effects on adult kelp while light availability had opposing effects on the length of juvenile and adult kelps. The length of juvenile kelps was higher in shaded treatments while the length of adult kelps was higher in unshaded treatments. Our study highlights the potential importance of coastal geophysical processes (and subsequently, nutrients) in modifying herbivore and light effects on population dynamics of H. sessile, and how these dynamics may be further influenced by different characteristics of the kelp (i.e., demographic traits and life history stages).
ParentalDNAmethylation influences plasticity of early offspring traits, but offspringDNAmethylation influences trait plasticity throughout life
Authors: Morgan Britany L. , Donohue Kathleen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPlants alter their phenotypes in response to both their own environment and that of their parents. Parental environments are hypothesized to more strongly regulate early life stages of offspring, while offspring environments regulate later life stages, since offspring perception becomes more accurate throughout development. DNA methylation in plants is known to respond to environmental conditions and can be transmitted across generations, so DNA methylation of both parents and offspring may be involved in regulating responses to environments within and across generations. However, the relative contribution of each generation's epigenetic regulation is not known. We quantified phenotypic responses to parent and offspring canopy environment and tested whether parental or offspring DNA methylation mediated those responses. To quantify the response to parental versus offspring canopy, we used green filter during the growth of either parents or offspring. To test the contribution of parental versus offspring DNA methylation to regulate offspring phenotypic responses to canopy shade at seed, seedling, and adult life stages, we manipulated parental or offspring DNA methylation using 5‐azacytidine. Both parent and offspring shade affected offspring traits. Parental DNA demethylation affected trait responses to both parental and offspring canopy, but it did so only at early life stages, while offspring DNA demethylation influenced responses throughout life. Trait correlations were significantly altered by chemical demethylation of parents and offspring, indicating that DNA methylation in both generations influences integrated phenotypic responses to canopy. These results demonstrate that the influence of parental methylation on offspring phenotypes measured in this study were manifest only early in the life of offspring, while offspring phenotypes were more strongly influenced by their own epigenetic regulation at mature stages. DNA methylation of both parents and offspring appears to coordinate multitrait responses like the “shade avoidance syndrome.”