bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cholesterol supports bovine granulosa cell inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Horlock Anthony D , Ormsby Thomas J R , Clift Martin J D , Santos José E P , Bromfield John J , Sheldon I Martin 
Published: July 2022

In brief
Bovine granulosa cells need to be cultured with serum to generate inflammation in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. This study shows that it is cholesterol that facilitates this lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cytokine secretion.

Abstract
During bacterial infections of the bovine uterus or mammary gland, ovarian granulosa cells mount inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In vitro, LPS stimulates granulosa cell secretion of the cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β and the chemokine IL-8. These LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses depend on culturing granulosa cells with serum, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that cholesterol supports inflammatory responses to LPS in bovine granulosa cells. We used granulosa cells isolated from 4 to 8 mm and >8.5 mm diameter ovarian follicles and manipulated the availability of cholesterol. We found that serum or follicular fluid containing cholesterol increased LPS-stimulated secretion of IL-1α and IL-1β from granulosa cells. Conversely, depleting cholesterol using methyl-β-cyclodextrin diminished LPS-stimulated secretion of IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-8 from granulosa cells cultured in serum. Follicular fluid contained more high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and granulosa cells expressed the receptor for high-density lipoprotein, scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SCARB1). Furthermore, culturing granulosa cells with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but not low-density lipoprotein or very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased LPS-stimulated inflammation in granulosa cells. Cholesterol biosynthesis also played a role in granulosa cell inflammation because RNAi of mevalonate pathway enzymes inhibited LPS-stimulated inflammation. Finally, treatment with follicle-stimulating hormone, but not luteinising hormone, increased LPS-stimulated granulosa cell inflammation, and follicle-stimulating hormone increased SCARB1 protein. However, changes in inflammation were not associated with changes in oestradiol or progesterone secretion. Taken together, these findings imply that cholesterol supports inflammatory responses to LPS in granulosa cells.
Formation energetics/dynamics of icosahedral clusters in supercooled metallic liquids in the dynamic equilibrium regime: Gibbs free energy, entropy, enthalpy, and connection to coordination shells
Authors: Chang Tzu-Yi , Wang Zhengming , Xu Donghua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIcosahedral (ICO) clusters are known to exist in many supercooled metallic liquids and believed to play an important role in stabilizing the liquid before it transitions into a glassy, crystalline or quasicrystalline solid. However, a detailed understanding of their formation energetics/dynamics is currently lacking and a set of key questions regarding these clusters remains to be answered. Here, we report our study on the formation energetics/dynamics of ICO clusters in liquid Cu64Zr36 and Ta by combining MD simulations with statistical and theoretical analysis. We present the formation Gibbs free energy, entropy, enthalpy of ICO clusters in the two liquids in the dynamic equilibrium regime (T > 0.75 Tm), determine the size of the spatial domain (number of coordination shells) surrounding the clusters from which the formation enthalpy is originated, and discuss the results in connection with liquid composition, degree of randomness, potential energy landscape, and glass transition.
Graphical abstract
“The True and Only Bones of Columbus”: Relics, Archives, and Reversed Scenarios of Discovery
Authors: Serrata Médar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis essay examines the ceremonies surrounding the 1877 alleged finding of Christopher Columbus's remains in the cathedral of Santo Domingo. The act of exhuming a body believed to be in Spain's possession posed a challenge for the former colonial power, which was in the process of turning Columbus into a national symbol. The Spanish government forcefully denied the legitimacy of the Dominican claim, calling it a “spectacle” contrived by the nation's religious and civil authorities. Building on Diana Taylor's theoretical framework, the essay looks at the 1877 ceremonies as social performances that facilitated the transmission of deeply rooted cultural memories. Whereas the procession of the remains from the cathedral to the church repeated the ritualized gestures prescribed for the discovery and transfer of relics, the performance enacted in the cathedral upended a different “scenario of discovery”—the one enacted by Spanish conquerors when they took possession of a new territory.
Pound's Four Pages: “Literary Camouflage” and Postwar Anonymous Propaganda
Authors: Hentea Marius 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis essay examines Ezra Pound's behind-the-scenes control of the little review Four Pages, which ran for fifteen issues from 1948 to 1951. After his return to the United States in 1945 to face charges of treason, Pound was declared mentally incompetent and institutionalized in a mental hospital in the nation's capital. With his publishers attempting to rehabilitate Pound's public standing by spotlighting his purely “literary” efforts, Pound had to resort to anonymous publication to continue to have a say on contemporary matters. This essay shows how Pound essentially created and edited a little review to have a venue that pushed his social and political ideas at a time when doing so openly was problematic for legal and political reasons. The use of anonymity as a writer and editor was part of the wider “literary camouflage” that Four Pages engaged in to advance Pound's wider cultural and political agenda.
Improving the efficiency of the medicine provision system for patients with malignant neoplasms
Authors: Agafonova Yu. A. , Fedyaev D. V. , Snegovoy A. V. , Omelyanovskiy V. V. 
Published: July 2022

Background. One of the priorities of health care is the balance between the financial resources and the availability of effective medical care. The current approach of access to cancer medicines limits the timeliness and availability of treatment. At the same time, financial support from the government provides great costs on cancer drugs. However, these great costs are not rational.Objective: to assess the financing needs of the complete transfer of financial support of medical care in the field of oncology to the Compulsory Health Insurance (CHI) system by means of optimizing the functions of the day hospital.Material and methods. The achievement of the goal is planned to be reached by eliminating the unusual functions of oncological day hospital. We analyzed the regulatory legal documents regulating drug care and drug provision in the Russian Federation, data from depersonalized (anonymized) registers of the structure of hospitalizations in a day hospital for 2021. The methods of expert assessments, mathematical modeling, as well as literature data analysis were used. The study developed a model for assessing the need to finance the full transfer of medicine provision to the CHI system, including taking into account the hidden deficit.Results. The total amount of funds released from the reduction of irrational hospitalizations in day hospital conditions amounted to 2.08% of the funding level of the analyzed schemes. Taking into account the data of hospitalizations in oncological day hospital for 2021, the number of irrational hospitalizations in case of transfer of selected schemes to the outpatient stage will decrease by 16.1%. The transfer of all the medicine therapy to financing from the CHI funds will require significant additional budget expenditures in the amount of 62.5 billion rubles or 2.65% of the total costs of the State Guarantees Program for Provision of Free Medical Care to Citizens.Conclusion. Despite the rationality of the proposed changes in the field of improving access to medicine provision concerning cancer drugs and the identified justifications for changing the distribution of financial resources within the State Guarantees Program, there are difficulties. In order to solve this problem, a coordinated consideration of potential strategies to address the access to cancer medicines is needed.
Biophysical modeling indicates a high affinity of ethyl esters of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to the enzymes of the pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid cascade
Authors: Torshin I. Yu. , Gromova O. A. 
Published: July 2022

Background. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) are widely used in modern cardiology. The anti-inflammatory effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is realized, in particular, by modulating the activity of the arachidonic acid (ARA) cascade.Objective: to conduct biophysical analysis of the interactions of various forms of PUFAs (ARA, EPA, DHA, EPA and DHA ethyl esters) with three target proteins-enzymes of the ARA cascade (cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LPOG)).Material and methods. The minimization of the energy of the ligand-receptor complexes at various initial positions of the molecule relative to the receptor pocket and the molecular energy profiles of the protein (the energy of side chain transfer from solvent to protein) were calculated using the ECMMS package.Results. EPA and DHA ethyl esters were characterized by significantly higher absolute values of specific binding energies of target proteins than ARA or simply EPA/DHA. For example, in the case of COX-2, EPA, DHA and EPA ethyl ester had similar ∆∆G values (–3.0...–3.1 kcal/mol), while the COX-2 complex with DHA ethyl ester was somewhat more stable (∆∆G = –3.4 kcal/mol). In the case of the 5-LPOG enzyme, the complex with EPA ethyl ester was the most stable (∆∆G = –1.62 kcal/mol). Higher absolute binding energies indicate a higher affinity of EPA and DHA ethyl esters to enzymes of the ARA cascade.Conclusion. The results suggest that the high affinity of EPA and DHA ethyl esters to the enzymes of the ARA cascade is one of the molecular bases of therapeutic efficacy of ω-3 PUFAs with high degree of standardization.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Android pada Materi Peristiwa Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Kelas V SDN Srengat 02 Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Zahrowi Afrizal Zuhri , Murdiyah Sri , Putra Arda Purnama 
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan media belajar belajar berbasis android pada materi Acara Proklamasi Kemerdekaan di kelas V SDN Srengat 02 Kabupaten Blitar itu berlaku oleh ahli materi, ahli media dan guru serta praktis dan menarik bagi peserta didik. Model penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan R&D oleh Borg dan Gall. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, stadion dan angket. Teknik analisis datanya 200,hasilnya dikategorisasikan. Analisis angket ahli materi, ahli media, dan pengguna menggunakan skala Likert. Sedangkan angket respon peserta didik dianalisis menggunakan skala Guttman. Hasil kevalidan dan kepraktisan, produk di oleh ahli materi sebesar 96,87 persen dengan valid, ahli media produk sebesar 96,87 persen dan guru memberi nilai 100 persen dengan unsur sangat valid dan berkutat dengan baik tanpa revisi. Hasil angket respon peserta didik pada uji coba produk dan uji coba pakai cobaan dengan rata-rata sebesar 97 persen dengan sangat praktis dan menarik dan bisa digunakan. Dari mana penelitian dan pengembangan media komunikasi berbasis android pada materi materi proklamasi kemerdekaan kelas V valid ahli materi, ahli media dan guru, serta praktis dan menarik bagi peserta didik.
Kebijakan Keringanan Perpajakan untuk Perusahaan di Negara Kawasan Asia Tenggara pada Masa Transisi Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Maryati Maryati , Asmanah Siti 
Published: July 2022

Abstrak: Latar Belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 menjadi isu kesehatan yang berdampak luas terhadap perekonomian suatu negara, sehingga pemerintah membuat beragam kebijakan ekonomi termasuk pemberian keringanan perpajakan bagi perusahaan.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan keringanan pajak yang diberikan kepada perusahaan di negara Kawasan Asia Tenggara pada saat masa transisi pandemi Covid-19 di tahun 2022.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan objek penelitian merupakan negara di Kawasan Asia Tenggara.Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian mendapati bahwa pemerintah di seluruh negara Kawasan Asia Tenggara pada masa transisi dari pandemi menuju endemi Covid-19 masih memberikan kebijakan keringanan pajak untuk perusahaan berupa pengurangan dan/ pembebasan pajak penghasilan. Kamboja, Laos, Thailand dan Vietnam memberikan keringanan pajak berupa pengurangan dan/ pembebasan PPN. Filipina dan Brunei Darussalam memberikan keringanan pajak berupa pembebasan pajak ekspor. Filipina dan Malaysia juga telah memberikan insentif pajak untuk industri yang bergerak di bidang teknologi.Hasil ini menandakan bahwa pemerintah masih memberikan perhatian kepada perusahaan untuk dapat mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kemampuan operasional bisnis perusahaan yang tentu akan berdampak pada pertumbuhan ekonomi negara, serta kebutuhan teknologi informasi merupakan hal yang sangat penting setelah kemunculan pandemi Covid-19 sehingga beberapa negara memberikan insentif pajak untuk mendorong pertumbuhan dan investasi industri teknologi.Keaslian/Kebaruan Penelitian: Penelitian ini memberikan penjelasan tentang hubungan antara fase pandemi Covid-19 dengan kebijakan keringanan perpajakan sebagai upaya pemerintah dalam membangun ekonomi Negara.
Comparative evaluation of the fracture resistance of reattched fragments using three different retentive methods: An in vitro study
Authors: Sharma Aanchal , Sadana Gunmeen , Gupta Sunil , Gupta Teena , Kaur Harpreet 
Published: July 2022

: Traumatic injuries to the anterior teeth are one of the most difficult and perplexing problems faced in the paediatric dentistry. Coronal fracture of the anterior teeth is a common form of dental trauma that mainly affects the maxillary and mandibular incisors. Fragment reattachment has been the preffered technique among clinicians because it has several advantages over the composite restorations such as it is a conservative procedure, maintains original tooth contours, translucence and incisal edge wears at similar rate to adjacent teeth.: To compare and evaluate the fracture resistance of reattached fragments using three different methods.Forty sound permanent mandibular central and lateral incisor were selected and mounted in self-cure acrylic resin. The teeth were sectioned with a diamond disc 3mm short of the incisal edge and they were randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Group I – simple reattachment, group II- internal dentinal groove, group III – vertical groove with fiber reinforced post placement, group IV – overcontouring done before the reattachment procedure. The force required to fracture the specimen were recorded using an onscreen calibration tool of the universal testing machine. The results were statistically analyzed.: The results showed that group I, group II and group IV required lesser force to fracture when compared with group III.: The group restored with fiber reinforced post showed the highest value of fracture strength while the simple reattachment had the lowest value.
E-voting, a proposed framework for Albania scenario
Authors: Kreshnik Vukatana  , Gerta Mata  
Published: July 2022

Albania has held elections with a paper-based system for many years now. However, with the innovative technological developments that have taken place in the country, there is the possibility to apply these technologies to better impact the voting process. This study aims to propose an electronic voting architecture, using a hybrid solution that integrates voting kiosks within the country and online voting for Albanian citizens living abroad. The study uses a review of the literature method. This study analyses the voting process in Albania, focusing on two key issues: the accuracy of the process and the impossibility of voting for the citizens living outside the country. The electronic voting process through electronic voting machines and online systems are analyzed as new technological approaches to address and solve the issues mentioned above. From the study, electronic voting process implementation has a higher cost. Moreover, to evaluate the feasibility of the system implementation, a detailed analysis of costs is needed, security requirements specifications, and a legal framework.

Keywords: Devices; DRE; elections; e-voting; E2E.
THE QURAN AND FAMILY CONCEPT IN MODERN SOUTHEAST ASIA: CASE STUDY OF INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA
Authors: Kusmana Kusmana 
Published: July 2022

This article discusses how the Quran is used to conceptualize family in Islam in modern Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia. It examines how the concept is formulated, institutionalized, and practiced. This study is important due to the need to clarify the existing irony. On one side, the family concept is the most resistant to change, on the other side, many changes in social forces and practices require response since the modern era began in 1800. It is interesting how these contradictory powers interact with one another, where the Quran is used as the fundamental source. Using a descriptive and analytic method, the discussion is organized as follows: the study context, topic limitation, Quranic norms, family administration, education, modernity, and patriarchy issue. The study finds that the state and Muslim scholars in both countries have been trying to re-use the Quran in contextualizing the family ideal concept to meet the demand of age. In Malaysia, they take the policy stuck to the accepted medieval understanding of Islam faithfully, whereas in Indonesia, they are a bit inclusive, accepting different views and practices; even though both have similar understanding of Islam, Shāfi’iyyah in Islamic law and Ash-Ashariyyah in theology. Dalam Islam di Asia Tenggara modern, Quran digunakan untuk konseptualisasi keluarga khususnya di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Studi ini mengkaji konsep tersebut dirumuskan, dilembagakan, dan dipraktikkan. Penelitian ini penting karena memperjelas ironi yang ada. Di satu sisi, konsep keluarga paling tahan terhadap perubahan, di sisi lain, ada banyak perubahan kekuatan dan praktik sosial yang membutuhkan respons, sejak 1800. Sangat menarik untuk dibahas kekuatan yang kontradiktif ini berinteraksi satu sama lain, dimana Quran digunakan sebagai sumber inspirasi. Dengan metode deskriptif dan analitik, penelitian diatur sebagai berikut: konteks kajian, keterbatasan topik, norma Quran, administrasi keluarga, lembaga pendidikan, modernitas, dan isu patriarki. Studi menemukan bahwa negara dan cendekiawan Muslim di kedua negara telah berupaya menggunakan kembali Quran dalam kontekstualisasi konsep ideal keluarga untuk memenuhi tuntutan usia. Di Malaysia, mereka mengambil kebijakan yang melekat pada pemahaman abad pertengahan yang diterima tentang Islam, sedangkan di Indonesia lebih inklusif, menerima pandangan dan praktik yang berbeda, meskipun keduanya memiliki pemahaman serupa tentang Islam, yaitu Shāfi'iyyah dalam hukum Islam, dan Ash-Ashariyyah dalam teologi.
ISLAM, LOCAL WISDOM AND RELIGIOUS HARMONY: RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN EAST-JAVA CHRISTIAN VILLAGE BASES
Authors: Sumbulah Umi , Purnomo Agus , Jamilah Jamilah 
Published: July 2022

This article discusses about the dynamics of interaction and harmony among believers in 41 Christian villages spread over 15 districts in East Java. Although called the Christian Villages, they are populated by Muslims, Catholics, Hindus, and Buddhists. The social diversity is formed through kinship and marriage. The Christian villages, which are called “Pancasila Villages” and “Villages of Diversity”, are melting pots that unite all wisdom, teachings, mythology, and religious traditions. The current qualitative research conducted in Christian villages in Jombang, Malang, and Situbondo go into the following results: first, the esoteric-inclusive interpretation that religion is a way of life that directs its adherents to achieve peace and happiness becomes the basis for religious people to respect each other and guarantee religious freedom; second, interfaith awareness that all religions have an exoteric dimension in the variety of rites to approach God is a basic principle in building harmony; third, the diversity meaning of symbols in the form of values, rituals, and sacred objects are embodied in the interactions of daily life. Religious moderation manifests in tolerance, inclusivism, equality, and cooperation in various cultural spaces. Further researches on interaction pattern and level of religious moderation would be worth investigating. Artikel ini membahas dinamika interaksi dan kerukunan umat beragama di basis desa Kristen yang berjumlah 41 desa yang tersebar di 15 kabupaten di Jawa Timur. Meski disebut Desa Kristen, desa ini juga dihuni pemeluk Islam, Katolik, Hindu, dan Budha. Keberagaman masyarakat terbentuk melalui kekerabatan dan perkawinan. Basis Desa Kristen yang dijuluki “Desa Pancasila” dan “Desa Keragaman” adalah melting pot yang menyatukan semua kearifan, ajaran, mitologi, dan tradisi keagamaan. Hasil penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan di desa-desa Kristen di Jombang, Malang, dan Situbondo ini menunjukkan: pertama, interpretasi esoteris-inklusif bahwa agama adalah cara hidup yang mengarahkan pemeluknya untuk mencapai kedamaian dan kebahagiaan, menjadi dasar bagi umat beragama untuk saling menghormati dan menjamin kebebasan beragama. Kedua, kesadaran lintas agama bahwa semua agama memiliki dimensi eksoteris dalam ragam ritus untuk mendekati Tuhan merupakan prinsip dasar dalam membangun harmoni. Ketiga, makna keragaman simbol berupa nilai, ritual, dan benda sakral diwujudkan dalam interaksi kehidupan sehari-hari. Moderasi beragama terwujud dalam toleransi, inklusivisme, kesetaraan, dan kerjasama dalam berbagai ruang budaya. Penelitian lebih lanjut tentang pola interaksi dan tingkat moderasi beragama layak dilakukan.
Implementasi Active Learning Strategy untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPS di SMP Islam Al-Waroqot Pamekasan
Authors: Indriana Vera , Itaanis Tianah  , Imam Khairi Ahmad , Oktafiana Shinta 
Published: July 2022

Strategi pembelajaran aktif digunakan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan model penelitian tindakan kelas Kemmis dan MC Taggart, yang berbentuk spiral dari satu siklus ke siklus lainnya. Setiap siklus meliputi perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran IPS pada materi Interaksi antar negara ASEAN dengan menerapkan strategi active learning dengan metode active knowledge sharing di Kelas 8 SMP Islam Al-Waroqot berdampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil tes siswa yang telah dicapai. Rata-rata nilai tes siswa secara klasikal mencapai 88 dari sebelumnya 72,83 dengan ketuntasan belajar 83,3%. Setelah diadakan remidi, rata-rata nilai tes siswa secara klasikal adalah 88 dengan ketuntasan belajar 100%.
Kata Kunci: strategi active learning, hasil belajar IPS.