bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reading Catullus 113 as the Vilification of Pompey's Ex-Wife Mucia
Authors: Hillard Tom 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWritten in 55 BCE,carmen113 seemingly uses the first two consulships of Pompey to measure a decline in moral standards, with one unfortunate woman as the yardstick of sexual profligacy. It closes with a focus on marital infidelity. The epigram should be read as a savage attack upon Mucia, the one-time wife of Pompey. This paper affirms her identity by postulating a punning wordplay on Mucia and C(a)ecilia that made this identification clear to the poet's readership. No textual emendation is required. It is also proposed that the observation regarding adultery, no mere aphorism, queried the legitimacy of one or more of Pompey's children.
Conquering Ida: An Ecofeminist Reading of Catullus’ Poem 63
Authors: O'Hearn Leah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMany have recognised poem 63 as a study in contrasts – light versus darkness, masculine versus feminine, rationality versus madness, animal versus human, culture versus nature. Caught between these polarities is the figure of Attis, removed from everything bright, male, sane, human, and civilised by one impassioned act. The poem suggests that it is partly the nature of the place, its quasi-Hippocratic airs, waters, and places, that emasculates Attis, making him like anotha mulier, iuvenca, andfamula.This article will use ecofeminist theory – in particular, Val Plumwood'sFeminism and the Mastery of Nature– to investigate the logic of domination running between the poem's polarities and to show how a foreign ‘Eastern’ wilderness effeminises Greek Attis. Moreover, it will be shown that the characterisation of Attis and thegallias aduxand hiscomitesassociates the story with the Roman imperial endeavour, suggesting that we can read the poem alongside others that portray conquest (11, 29) and the experience of young men abroad on provincial cohorts (10, 28, 47). In this way, Catullus implies that the imperial project is also made weak and feminine by its very contact with foreign places.
Impact of a Clinical and Translational Science Awards hub on faculty research grant productivity
Authors: O’Shea Kelly , Soo Jackie , Johnson Timothy P. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Applications for and receipt of external research grants are important indicators of scientific productivity, and ones that the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program is intended to support.

Methods:
We investigate the association between the receipt of support services from one CTSA-supported hub and investigator productivity as measured by individual investigator grant submissions and grant awards at a Research I public university over an 8-year period. Negative binomial regression models are used to evaluate associations between individual grant productivity (in 2017, 2018, and 2019) and receipt of support services during the preceding 2 years.

Results:
Controlling for prior levels of productivity, service receipt is found to be predictive of both grants submitted and grants awarded to investigators in each model examined. Analyses also found some evidence of faculty rank and race/ethnic differences in the effects of Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCTS) service use on subsequent grant productivity.

Conclusions:
Further work is needed to understand the relationship between clinical and translational services and other measures of productivity.
Seek the Joints! Avoid the Gruesome! Fidelity as an Epistemic Value
Authors: Finocchiaro Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA belief is valuable when it “gets it right”. This “getting it right” is often understood solely as a matter of truth. But there is a second sense of “getting it right” worth exploring. According to this second sense, a belief “gets it right” when its concepts accurately match the way the world is objectively organized – that is, when its concepts are joint-carving, or have fidelity. In this paper, I explore the relationship between fidelity and epistemic value. While many philosophers (especially metaphysicians) acknowledge fidelity's value, they overlook just how much it might disrupt our understanding of epistemic value. To tease out this disruption, I draw on the Jamesian balance between seeking the truth and avoiding the false. A similar balance must be struck both within the pursuit of fidelity itself (“seeking the joints” and “avoiding the gruesome”) as well as between the pursuit of fidelity and the pursuit of truth. I then give an argument against the claim that truth is the higher epistemic good.
Problems with Publishing Philosophical Claims We Don't Believe
Authors: Sarıhan Işık 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPlakias has recently argued that there is nothing wrong with publishing defences of philosophical claims which we don't believe and also nothing wrong with concealing our lack of belief, because an author's lack of belief is irrelevant to the merit of a published work. Fleisher has refined this account by limiting the permissibility of publishing without belief to what he calls ‘advocacy role cases’. I argue that such lack of belief is irrelevant only if it is the result of an inexplicable incredulity or the result of a metaphilosophical or epistemic stance that is unrelated to the specific claim. However, in many real-life cases, including Fleisher's advocacy role cases, our doubts regarding the claims we defend arise from reasons that have something to do with the insufficiency of the philosophical evidence supporting the claim, and publishing an unconditional defence of a claim without revealing our doubts is impermissible as it involves withholding philosophically relevant reasons. Plakias has also argued that discouraging philosophers from publishing claims they don't believe would be unfair to junior philosophers with unsettled views. I propose that we should change our academic practices that pressure philosophers to publish articles that pretend to be defences of settled views.
Archives of Idi Amin
Authors: Taylor Edgar C. , Abiti Nelson A. , Peterson Derek R. , Vokes Richard 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis report describes the official photographic archives of Idi Amin’s government held by the Uganda Broadcasting Corporation (UBC). During his reign from 1971 to 1979, Idi Amin embraced visual media as a tool for archiving the achievements of populist military rule as his government sought to reorient Ugandans’ relationship with the state. Only a handful of the resulting images were ever printed or seen, reflecting the regime’s archival impulse undergirded by paranoia of unauthorized ways of seeing. The UBC’s newly opened collection of over 60,000 negatives from Amin’s photographers, alongside files at the Uganda National Archives, offers the first comprehensive opportunity to study the Ugandan state under Amin’s dictatorship through the lens of its own documentarians.
Reckoning with Continuum Idealizations: Some Lessons from Soil Hydrology
Authors: Holmes Travis 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn scientific modeling, continuum idealizations bridge scales but at the cost of fundamentally misrepresenting the microstructure of the system. This engenders a mystery. If continuum idealizations are dispensable in principle, this de-problematizes their representational inaccuracy, since continuum properties reduce to lower-scale properties, but the mystery of how this reduction could be carried out endures. Alternatively, if continuum idealizations are indispensable in principle, this is consistent with their explanatory and predictive success but renders their representational inaccuracy mysterious. I argue for a deflationary solution, enlisting the applied scientific method of upscaling as demonstrated in a case from soil hydrology.
What Are Neural Representations? A Cummins Functions Approach
Authors: Hacohen Ori 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces the Cummins Functions Approach to neural representations (CFA), which aims to capture the notion of representation that is relevant to contemporary neuroscientific practice. CFA shares the common view that “to be a representation of X” amounts to “having thefunctionoftrackingX,” but maintains that the relevant notion offunctionis defined by Robert Cummins’s account. Thus, CFA offers a notion of neural representation that is dependent on explanatory context. I argue that CFA can account for the normativity of neural representations, and defend its dependence on explanations.
Rethinking Ethnography for Philosophy of Science
Authors: Nersessian Nancy J. , MacLeod Miles 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe lay groundwork for applying ethnographic methods in philosophy of science. We frame our analysis in terms of two tasks: (1) to identify the benefits of an ethnographic approach in philosophy of science and (2) to structure an ethnographic approach for philosophical investigation best adapted to provide information relevant to philosophical interests and epistemic values. To this end, we advocate for a purpose-guided form of cognitive ethnography that mediates between the explanatory and normative interests of philosophy of science, while maintaining openness and independence when framing such an investigation to achieve robust unbiased results.
Responsibility for Collective Epistemic Harms
Authors: Fleisher Will , Šešelja Dunja 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDiscussion of epistemic responsibility typically focuses on belief formation and actions leading to it. Similarly, accounts of collective epistemic responsibility have addressed the issue of collective belief formation and associated actions. However, there has been little discussion of collective responsibility for preventing epistemic harms, particularly those preventable only by the action of an unorganized group. We propose an account of collective epistemic responsibility that fills this gap. Building on Hindriks’s (2019) account of collective moral responsibility, we introduce the epistemic duty to join forces. Our theory provides an account of the responsibilities of scientists to prevent epistemic harms during inquiry.
Fish oil supplementation may improve attention, working memory and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adults with autism spectrum disorder: a randomised crossover trial
Authors: Lundbergh Bjørn , Enevoldsen Ann Sofi , Stark Ken D. , Ritz Christian , Lauritzen Lotte 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMarine n-3 fatty acids (n-3LCPUFA) have shown neurocognitive benefits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but few trials have examined effects in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We explored, if n-3LCPUFA affect cognitive functions in adults with ASD, and if effects are modified by comorbid ADHD. In a 2 × 4 week crossover study, twenty-six participants were randomised to sequence of supplementation with fish oil (FO, 5·2 g/d n-3PUFA) and safflower oil (SO). At baseline and after each period, we measured primary outcomes: attention (d2-test) and spatial working memory (Corsi test) and secondary outcomes: flexibility (Stroop word-colour test), ADHD symptoms (Conners scales), executive functions (Behavioural Inventory of Executive Function) and social behaviour (Social Responsiveness Scale). The dropout rate was 15 %. Compliance was 94 % and correlated with whole-blood n-3LCPUFA. Corsi scores improved by ∼0·3 × sd (P = 0·032) after FO v. SO, and the odds for d2 errors were 30 % lower (P = 0·016), which was supported by improved Conners scores of attention (P = 0·023). Improvement in Conners ADHD symptom score was limited to participants with ADHD (–3·5(–6·0; –1·0), n 10 v. −0·2(–2·5;2·2), n 11 without ADHD, Pinteraction = 0·096), who also improved their behavioural regulation index by 0·3 × sd after FO (Pinteraction = 0·016). Participants without ADHD gained most in d2 test performance (OR = 0·4(0·2;0·7) v. 0·9(0·6;1·3) in those with ADHD, Pinteraction = 0·002), but their executive function score was exacerbated after FO (5·9(0·0,11·8), Pinteraction = 0·039). Our results did not show any effects on ASD symptoms, but suggest that FO may improve attention and working memory in adults with ASD and ameliorate ADHD symptoms in those with comorbid ADHD.
Irrational-slope versions of thompson's groups T and V
Authors: Burillo José , Nucinkis Brita , Reeves Lawrence 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the $T$- and $V$-versions, ${T_\tau }$ and ${V_\tau }$, of the irrational slope Thompson group ${F_\tau }$ considered in J. Burillo, B. Nucinkis and L. Reeves [An irrational-slope Thompson's group, Publ. Mat. 65 (2021), 809–839]. We give infinite presentations for these groups and show how they can be represented by tree-pair diagrams similar to those for $T$ and $V$. We also show that ${T_\tau }$ and ${V_\tau }$ have index-$2$ normal subgroups, unlike their original Thompson counterparts $T$ and $V$. These index-$2$ subgroups are shown to be simple.
Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida from refrigerated raw milk: genetic diversity and lipoproteolytic activity
Authors: Longhi Rosana De , Correia Selma de Souza , Bruzaroski Samera Rafaela , Poli-Frederico Regina Celia , Fagnani Rafael , Santana Elsa Helena Walter de 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this research communication the genetic diversity of Pseudomonas fluorescens (n = 67) and Pseudomonas putida (n = 44) isolated from refrigerated raw milk from bulk tank trucks were verified. The relationship between the genetic profile of the isolates and their lipoproteolytic potential was evaluated using skim milk agar and tributyrin agar (21°C/72 h). The lipoproteolytic potential (low or high), evaluated by the diameter of the halos (cm), was correlated with the number of milk producing properties that contributed to each sample (one sample = one bulk tank truck; 8−80 producers/sample) and the distance between the dairy properties and the processing plant (21−370 km). P. fluorescens was confirmed in all samples, while P. putida in 60% samples. For both species, two clusters (I and II) were observed, and the first one showed lower genotypic diversity and the presence of isolates with 100% similarity. P. fluorescens isolates presenting at least 70% similarity were 83.9% in Cluster I (n = 31) and 44.4% in Cluster II. In both clusters (I and II) observed in the P. fluorescens dendrogram, the occurrence of high proteolytic and lipolytic potential were equivalent. The higher the number of farms per milk sample, the greater the lipoproteolytic intensity of P. fluorescens isolates. In relation to P. putida isolates, 74% presented at least 50% similarity in Cluster I (n = 27) and only 35% in Cluster II (n = 17). The occurrence of high proteolysis linked to P. putida was proportional between both Clusters, but the occurrence of high lipolysis was greater in Cluster II. No significant association was detected between P. putida isolates and the variables studied. The results indicate the circulation of P. putida and P. fluorescens with 100% similarity in different milk producing regions. The level of genetic diversity was related only to the lipolytic capacity of P. putida.
Setting the terms of state intervention: employers, unions and the politics of inclusiveness in Austrian and Danish vocational education institutions
Authors: Carstensen Martin B. , Emmenegger Patrick , Unterweger Daniel F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHow do coalitional dynamics matter for the capacity of states to maintain social inclusion in coordinated models of capitalism? Taking its departure in scholarship emphasizing the influence of employers on the extent of state intervention in post-industrial economies, this paper argues that employer influence depends on which actors they team up with – unions or parties. If unions depend on employers for their organizational influence in a policy field, unions become a strong coalitional partner for employers in weakening demands for inclusiveness from the parliamentary arena. Conversely, if unions have influence independent of any coalition with employers, both unions and employers are likely to team up with political parties aligned with their preferences. This makes the level of inclusion resulting from increased state intervention more fluctuating, depending on who holds government power. A comparative study of reforms of Danish and Austrian vocational education institutions corroborates the empirical purchase of the argument.
Streamer Discharges in the Atmosphere of Primordial Earth
Authors: Köhn C. , Chanrion O. , Enghoff M. Bødker , Dujko S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe seminal Miller‐Urey experiment suggests that lightning may have contributed to the origin of life on Earth through the formation of amino acids and carbon acids. We here focus on the early stages of lightning in the atmosphere of Primordial Earth, so‐called streamer discharges. We discuss rate coefficients for electrons and study electron avalanches and avalanche‐to‐streamer transitions by modeling the motion of electrons with a 2.5 D particle‐in‐cell Monte Carlo code in the strongly reducing atmosphere used by Miller and Urey (MU) and the weakly reducing atmospheric suggested more recently (by Kasting (1993),https://doi.org/10.1126/science.11536547) for Earth 3.8 Ga ago and compare results with conditions on Modern Earth. Our simulations show that streamers incept at fields of 140–180 Td in Kasting's mixture and at fields of ≈114 Td in the MU mixture, thus their inception is more difficult in Kasting's mixture. Conclusively, discharges on Primordial Earth might have been more challenging to incept.
Serotonin 5-HT2C receptor knockout in mice attenuates fear responses in contextual or cued but not compound context-cue fear conditioning
Authors: Bouchekioua Youcef , Nebuka Mao , Sasamori Hitomi , Nishitani Naoya , Sugiura Chiaki , Sato Masaaki , Yoshioka Mitsuhiro , Ohmura Yu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrevious findings have proposed that drugs targeting 5-HT2C receptors could be promising candidates in the treatment of trauma- and stress-related disorders. However, the reduction of conditioned freezing observed in 5-HT2C receptor knock-out (KO) mice in previous studies could alternatively be accounted for by increased locomotor activity. To neutralize the confound of individual differences in locomotor activity, we measured a ratio of fear responses during versus before the presentation of a conditioned stimulus previously paired with a footshock (as a fear measure) by utilizing a conditioned licking suppression paradigm. We first confirmed that 5-HT2C receptor gene KO attenuated fear responses to distinct types of single conditioned stimuli (context or tone) independently of locomotor activity. We then assessed the effects of 5-HT2C receptor gene KO on compound fear responses by examining mice that were jointly conditioned to a context and a tone and later re-exposed separately to each. We found that separate re-exposure to individual components of a complex fear memory (i.e., context and tone) failed to elicit contextual fear extinction in both 5-HT2C receptor gene KO and wild-type mice, and also abolished differences between genotypes in tone-cued fear extinction. This study delineates a previously overlooked role of 5-HT2C receptors in conditioned fear responses, and invites caution in the future assessment of molecular targets and candidate therapies for the treatment of PTSD.
Urgent dental care use in the North East and Cumbria: predicting repeat attendance
Authors: Currie Charlotte , Stone Simon , Pearce Mark , Landes David , Durham Justin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionAround one-third of the UK population are 'problem-orientated dental attenders', only seeking care when suffering with dental pain and often on a repeated basis to secondary care. Little is known about attendance in primary care. The aim here was to examine the period prevalence of repeat urgent care attenders and establish predictors of repeat attendance in primary care.MethodsData on urgent and emergency dental care attendances in primary dental care in the North East and Cumbria were analysed from 2013-2019. Variables included: patient sex; ten-year age band; lower super output area; and Index of Multiple Deprivation. Period prevalence was calculated and data were considered year by year to identify trends in attendances. Analysis was with descriptive statistics and predictors of repeat attendance were identified using logistic regression modelling.ResultsOver the six-year period, there were 601,432 attendances for urgent primary dental care, equating to a period prevalence of 2.76% for the geographic population studied. In total, 16.15% of attendances were repeat attendances (period prevalence 0.45%) and predictors included being a woman and residence in deprived and rural areas. All urgent care attendances decreased over the six-year period, with one-off attendances beginning to increase again in 2019, while repeat attendances stabilised.ConclusionInterventions to encourage regular dental attendances should be targeted at patients from the most deprived and rural areas of the North East and Cumbria; however, a decrease in repeat attendance was noted in these areas.
Lapcin, a potent dual topoisomerase I/II inhibitor discovered by soil metagenome guided total chemical synthesis
Authors: Wang Zongqiang , Forelli Nicholas , Hernandez Yozen , Ternei Melinda , Brady Sean F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn natural product discovery programs, the power of synthetic chemistry is often leveraged for the total synthesis and diversification of characterized metabolites. The synthesis of structures that are bioinformatically predicted to arise from uncharacterized biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) provides a means for synthetic chemistry to enter this process at an early stage. The recent identification of non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) containing multiple ρ-aminobenzoic acids (PABAs) led us to search soil metagenomes for BGCs that polymerize PABA. Here, we use PABA-specific adenylation-domain sequences to guide the cloning of the lap BGC directly from soil. This BGC was predicted to encode a unique N-acylated PABA and thiazole containing structure. Chemical synthesis of this structure gave lapcin, a dual topoisomerase I/II inhibitor with nM to pM IC50s against diverse cancer cell lines. The discovery of lapcin highlights the power of coupling metagenomics, bioinformatics and total chemical synthesis to unlock the biosynthetic potential contained in even complex uncharacterized BGCs.
Time- and site-resolved kinetic NMR for real-time monitoring of off-equilibrium reactions by 2D spectrotemporal correlations
Authors: Jaroszewicz Michael J. , Liu Mengxiao , Kim Jihyun , Zhang Guannan , Kim Yaewon , Hilty Christian , Frydman Lucio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides detailed information about dynamic processes through line-shape changes, which are traditionally limited to equilibrium conditions. However, a wealth of information is available by studying chemical reactions under off-equilibrium conditions—e.g., in states that arise upon mixing reactants that subsequently undergo chemical changes—and in monitoring the reactants and products in real time. Herein, we propose and demonstrate a time-resolved kinetic NMR experiment that combines rapid mixing techniques, continuous flow, and single-scan spectroscopic imaging methods, leading in unison to a 2D spectrotemporal NMR correlation that provides high-quality kinetic information of off-equilibrium chemical reactions. These kinetic 2D NMR spectra possess a high-resolution spectral dimension revealing the individual chemical sites, correlated with a time-independent, steady-state spatial axis that delivers information concerning temporal changes along the reaction coordinate. A comprehensive description of the kinetic, spectroscopic, and experimental features associated with these spectrotemporal NMR analyses is presented. Experimental demonstrations are carried out using an enzymatically catalyzed reaction leading to site- and time-resolved kinetic NMR data, that are in excellent agreement with control experiments and literature values.