bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthconomics: trust-based decision-making in the health context discriminates biological risk profiles in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Jorge Helena , Duarte Isabel C. , Baptista Carla , Relvas Ana Paula , Castelo-Branco Miguel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Theoretical accounts on social decision-making under uncertainty postulate that individual risk preferences are context-dependent. Generalization of models of decision-making to dyadic interactions in the personal health context remain to be experimentally addressed.In economic utility-based models, interactive behavioral games provide a framework to investigate probabilistic learning of sequential reinforcement. Here, we model an economic trust game in the context of a chronic disease (Diabetes Type 1) which involves iterated daily decisions in complex social contexts. Ninety-one patients performed experimental trust games in both economic and health settings and were characterized by a multiple self-report set of questionnaires. We found that although our groups can correctly infer pay-off contingencies, they behave differently because patients with a biological profile of preserved glycemic control show adaptive choice behavior both in economic and health domains. On the other hand, patients with a biological profile of loss of glycemic control presented a contrasting behavior, showing non-adaptive choices on both contexts. These results provide a direct translation from neuroeconomics to decision in the health domain and biological risk profiles, in a behavioural setting that required difficult and self-consequential decision with health impact. Our findings also provide a contextual generalization of mechanisms underlying individual decision under uncertainty.
The microbiome of the marine flatworm Macrostomum lignano provides fitness advantages and exhibits circadian rhythmicity
Authors: Roeder Thomas , Ma Yuanyuan , He Jinru , Sieber Michael , von Frieling Jakob , Bruchhaus Iris , Baines John , Bickmeyer Ulf 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The close association between animals and their associated microbiota is usually beneficial for both partners. Here, we used a simple marine model invertebrate, the flatworm Macrostomum lignano, to characterize the host-microbiota interaction in detail. This analysis revealed that the different developmental stages each harbor a specific microbiota. Studies with gnotobiotic animals clarified the physiological significance of the microbiota. While no fitness benefits were mediated by the microbiota when food was freely available, animals with microbiota showed significantly increased fitness with reduced food supply. The microbiota of M. lignano shows circadian rhythmicity, affecting both the total bacterial load and the behavior of specific taxa. Moreover, the presence of the worm influences the composition of the bacterial consortia in the environment. In summary, the Macrostomum-microbiota system described here can serve as a general model for host-microbe interactions in marine invertebrates.
Impact of short segment fixation on Spinopelvic Sagittal Alignment in Thoracolumbar Fracture Cases
Authors: Li Kepeng , Ma Guoju , Zhao Heyi , Han Ye , Zuo Jinzeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have reported the impact of thoracolumbar kyphosis induced by spinal burst fracture on spinopelvic sagittal alignment. But no study has analyzed the effects of short segment fixation on perioperative spinopelvic parameters in patients with spinal burst fracture. Thus, this study aimed to explore the impact of short segment fixation on spinopelvic sagittal alignment in patients with thoracolumbar fractures.Methods: Perioperative radiographs of 42 patients with thoracolumbar fractures treated with short-segment fixation surgery were obtained. The pelvic and spinal parameters were measured, and the influence of fracture site on all parameters was retrospectively analyzed. A descriptive analysis characterizing these parameters and multivariate analysis was performed to investigate the influencing factors of thoracolumbar kyphosis.Results: The mean age of included cases was 47.1±9.9 years, Pelvic incidence(PI) was 44.1±4.7º. Preoperative fractured level kyphosis (FLK) and thoracolumbar kyphosis(TLK) were 10.3±9.9º and 15.6±10.4º, respectively. Operative corrected degree(OCD) of FLK and TLK were 6.8±7.9º and 7.7±8.4º, respectively. Preoperative parameters, including FLK, TLK, Pelvic tilt (PT), Sacral slope (SS), Lumbar lordosis (LL), were no different in the different fracture sites. PT-OCD is greater in L2～L5 fractures than T12～L1(t=0.82, P=0.03). FLK-OCD(B=0.36), LL-OCD(B=-0.34) and PT-OCD(B=0.22), as well as age(B=-0.23) were independent factors to influence TLK-OCD. pelvis anteversion and high FLK-OCD was associated with a more satisfactory correction of the TLK deformity. TLK-OCD was negatively influenced by age. Conclusion: Short segment fixation surgery can correct TLK caused by fractures. Satisfactory TLK-OCD is related to excellent fracture reduction, pelvis anteversion, and younger patients. With FLK fixed by operation, the pelvis rotates from rear to front, more obviously in lumbar fractures.
Comparative epigenomics by machine learning approach for neuroblastoma
Authors: Sugino Ryuichi P. , Ohira Miki , Mansai Sayaka P. , Kamijo Takehiko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the second most common pediatric solid tumor. Because the number of genetic mutations found in tumors are small, even in some patients with unfavorable NB, epigenetic variation is expected to play an important role in NB progression. DNA methylation is a major epigenetic mechanism, and its relationship with NB prognosis has been a concern. One limitation with the analysis of variation in DNA methylation is the lack of a suitable analytical model. Therefore, in this study, we performed a random forest (RF) analysis of the DNA methylome data of NB from multiple databases.
Results
RF is a popular machine learning model owing to its simplicity, intuitiveness, and computational cost. RF analysis identified novel intermediate-risk patient groups with characteristic DNA methylation patterns within the low-risk group. Feature selection analysis based on probe annotation revealed that enhancer-annotated regions had strong predictive power, particularly for MYCN-amplified NBs. We developed a gene-based analytical model to identify candidate genes related to disease progression, such as PRDM8 and FAM13A-AS1. RF analysis revealed sufficient predictive power compared to other machine learning models.
Conclusions
RF is a useful tool for DNA methylome analysis in cancer epigenetic studies, and has potential to identify a novel cancer-related genes.
Small cell lung cancer: circulating tumor cell lines and expression of mediators of angiogenesis and coagulation
Authors: Rath Barbara , Plangger Adelina , Klameth Lukas , Hochmair Maximilian , Ulsperger Ernst , Neumayer Christoph , Hamilton Gerhard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Coagulation is frequently activated in cancer patients and has been correlated with an unfavorable prognosis. To evaluate whether a release of tissue factor (TF) of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is involved in the dissemination of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) we studied the expression of relevant proteins in a panel of permanent SCLC and SCLC CTC cell lines (BHGc7, BHGc10, BHGc16, BHGc26 and UHGc5) that have been established at our institution.
Material and Methods
Five CTC and SCLC lines were analyzed using Western blot arrays covering 55 angiogenetic mediators. Furthermore, the influence of topotecan and epirubicin as well as hypoxia-like conditions on the expression of these mediators and cells was investigated.
Results
The results demonstrate that the SCLC lines express no significant amounts of the TF but thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), uPAR, VEGF and angiopoietin-2 in two cases. The major difference between the SCLC and SCLC CTC cell lines found was the loss of the expression of angiogenin in the blood-derived CTC lines. Topotecan and epirubicin decreased expression of VEGF, whereas hypoxia-like conditions upregulated VEGF.
Conclusions
Active TF seems not to be expressed in SCLC and SCLC CTC cell lines in significant levels and, thus, CTC-derived TF seems dispensable for dissemination. Nevertheless, all CTC lines form large spheroids, termed tumorospheres, which may become trapped in clots of the microvasculature and extravasate in this supportive microenvironment. The contribution of clotting to protection and dissemination of CTCs in SCLC seems to be different from other solid tumors such as breast cancer.
Anti-larvicidal antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect of endophytic fungus Alternaria macrospora isolated from Trichillia connaroides
Authors: Chinnasamy Ragavendran , Govindasamy Balasubramani , Cherian Tijo , Devarajan Natarajan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The interaction of plants with microorganisms at various trophic levels is primarily for growth, development and deterrence and is intertwined in a complex network of inhabitants. Endophytes of fungal origin are widely recognized for supporting the production of host plant defence systems, new secondary metabolites, biological pest control agents, and beneficial colony-forming fungi. This study focuses on the assessment of the biological activity of the endophyte, Alternaria macrospora isolated from the leaves of Trichillia connaroides. This strain was genotyped by amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene region. Chemical profiling of the extract is performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), indicating the presence of functional groups by FTIR peaks. In addition, A. macrospora metabolites exhibit biological activity listed as antibacterial, antifungal, larval killing, and anticancer activities. It provides a catalogue of bioactivity that is highly relevant to drug and pharmacological settings.
Bioinformatic determination of the expression and clinical value of the histone lysine demethylase family in prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Tao , Chen Xi , Jiang Ting , Liu Feng , Li Xiaojun , Shao Xuefeng , Wu Denglong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: As one of the most malignant tumors, prostate cancer (PCa) is a serious threat to the health of elderly men. The histone lysine demethylase (KDM) family regulates histone methylation and affects gene transcription during malignant transformation, which can lead to the occurrence of PCa.Methods: We used bioinformatic methods to explore the expression and function of KDMs in PCa and tested their roles by examining clinical specimens.Results: Depending on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we found the expression of 10 types of KDMs changed when PCa occurenced. In addition, nine types of KDMs underwent methylation modifications during PCa. The expression of 16 types of KDMs changed in Chinese patients according to data from the Chinese Prostate Cancer Genome and Epigenome Atlas (CPGEA) database. We also analyzed genetic alterations and how genetic alterations of KDMs lead to PCa. The effects of KDMs at different tumor stages were analyzed based on TCGA data. LASSO Cox regression was used to identify the effects of KDM expression on patient survival. Meanwhile, the correlation between the KDM family and immune infiltrations was analyzed. The results indicated that many KDMs are associated with recruitment of immune cells. Finally, the expression of eight KDMs was verified in clinical PCa tissues. KDM3B, KDM5C and KDM7A expressed changed in clinical samples. Conclusion: Our study revealed the expression of the KDM family and their clinical value in PCa, demonstrating that KDMs play important roles in PCa recurrence.
Safety of continuing anticoagulation prior to cardiac catheterization in pediatric patients: a Los Angeles center experience
Authors: Rao Mounica Y. , Sullivan Patrick M. , Takao Cheryl , Badran Sarah , Patel Neil D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This is the first report specifically describing outcomes of pediatric patients who underwent cardiac catheterization while on uninterrupted anticoagulation. One hundred forty-four cardiac catheterizations were identified that met inclusion criteria at our institution from 11/2014-10/2019. The median age and weight of the patients were 6.3 [0.01-20.9] years and 19.3 [2.1-172.5] kg, respectively. Seventy-eight (54%) catheterizations involved inpatients. The most common cardiac diagnoses among the cohort were single ventricle (n=41), conotruncal defects (n=37), and structurally normal heart (n=16). The most common indications for anticoagulation were arterial/venous thrombus (n=45), Fontan physiology (n=32), and mechanical valve thrombus prophylaxis (n=27). The anticoagulation medications used were warfarin (n=57), heparin (n=52), enoxaparin (n=25), fondaparinux (n=5), rivaroxaban (n=2), and both heparin and warfarin (n=3). Interventions were performed in 96 cases (67%). The median length of the procedure was 122.5 [15-760] minutes, and the median time to achieve hemostasis was 18.0 [range: 5-76, IQR: 13-25] minutes. Adverse events were present in 11 cases (7.6%), and of those only 2 cases (1.4%) were bleeding related complications. Our single-center data suggests performing cardiac catheterization on pediatric patients while on uninterrupted anticoagulation is safe and does not substantially increase the risk of bleeding complications based on a cohort of patients that varied in age, size, diagnosis, medical complexity, and type of intervention performed. Patients on warfarin therapy for a mechanical valve are most likely to benefit from this practice, as the ability to continue warfarin therapy avoids the need for bridging and other interruption-related complications.
Alkane monooxygenase study by molecular modelling techniques
Authors: Santos Elias Silva , Souza Elias Ramos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Biodiesel biodegradation has been a limiting factor for its use as an alternative for petrol diesel. Thanks to low structural complexity, a group of enzymes such as alkane monooxygenase (ladA) can readily degrade several fatty acids, but the understanding of the mechanism of degradation is unclear yet. Then, we combined molecular docking and hybrid molecular dynamics (QM/MM) approaches for the study of ladA. The results showed that the bending of the isoalloxazine ring to the original plan enhanced its electrical coupling with a substrate. The flavin mononucleotide-FMN oxidation yields an activation energy of 74.29 kJ.mol-1, which is necessary to make an oxygen molecule reactive. In addition, the initial activation energy determined for palmitic acid was 59.82 kJ.mol-1 and 64.64 kJ.mol-1 for linoleic acid. The diffusion of oxygen molecules into the active site is controlled by the movement of some residues that compose the tunnel access or by a water bridge.
CompactChain:An Efficient Stateless Chain for UTXO-model Blockchain
Authors: Basireddy Swaroopa Reddy , Tadipathri Udaya Kiran Reddy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain, which com-pacts the entire state of the Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) based blockchain systems into two RSA accumulators-Transaction Output (TXO) commitment (representing TXO set), and Spent Transaction Output (STXO) commitment (representing STXO set). In this work, we discuss three algorithms-(i) To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the miner along with a valid proof; (ii) To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in TXO commitment and non-membership witness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user. The user also updates the witness for the coin that is not yet spent; (iii) Validator verify the above proofs created by the miner and user. The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time consumed by a miner to update the commitments, time consumed by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the transactions. We compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-art works on stateless blockchains. CompactChain shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size without compromising the system throughput in terms of transactions per second (TPS).
Retinal developmental neurotoxicity of trimethyltin chloride: in terms of excitotoxicity and excitatory amino acid transporters
Authors: Kim Jin , Ryu Bokyeong , Bang Junpil , Kim C-Yoon , Park Jae-Hak 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Trimethyltin chloride (TMT), which is an organotin compound widely used in the agricultural and industrial fields, is a well-known neurotoxicant. In particular, excitotoxicity is suspected to be an important mechanism underlying TMT toxicity; however, the effect of TMT exposure on the retina during development and the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated to date. Therefore, in this study, we exposed postnatal mice to TMT and performed a comprehensive analysis of the retina in terms of developmental abnormalities, histopathology, apoptosis, electrophysiological function, glutamate concentration, gene expression, and fluorescence immunostaining. Exposure to 0.75 and 1.5 mg/kg of TMT up to postnatal day 14 caused a decrease in body weight and length, delayed eye opening, and induced thinning of the inner nuclear layer of the retina. In addition, apoptosis was observed in the retinal layer along with b-wave changes and a decrease in retinal ganglion cell spiking activity in the micro-electroretinogram. This change was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of glutamate in the retina, upregulation of astrocyte-related genes, and increased expression of excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) 1 and 2. Conversely, EAAT 3, 4, and 5, located in the retinal neurons, were decreased, and this was consistent with the immunostaining results. Our results are the first to prove that TMT induces excitotoxicity and changes in EAAT expression in the retina, and this mechanism causes functional as well as morphological retinal developmental toxicity.
Application of Machine-Learning Models in Predicting Transfusion Among Complex Renal Stones Patients Receiving Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy：A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Yue , Cao Zhi , Wang Wei , Yang Chenglin , Wang Kaiqiang , Qiu Xiaofu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To predict and compare machine-learning models with logistic regression (LR) for transfusion requirement among complex renal stones patients receiving PCNL. The data of 513 patients with complex renal stones receiving PCNL between January 2016 and December 2021 from 2 centers were analyzed retrospectively and reviewed the pre-, intra-, and post-operation factors. We used 80% training set and 20% test set for the predictions of transfusion by LR and machine-learning algorithms, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting trees (XGBoost), and compared the prediction accuracies, precisions, and area under curve (AUC) values of receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves in each model. In our study, the prediction accuracies of RF (Accuracy = 0.974), SVM (Accuracy = 0.968) and XGBoost (Accuracy = 0.968) models all outperformed LR (Accuracy = 0.948), and the precision of RF (Precision = 0.818) was higher than XGBoost (Precision = 0.8), SVM (Precision = 0.8) and LR (Precision = 0.8). Moreover, RF (AUC = 0.962), SVM (AUC = 0.786) and XGBoost (AUC = 0.867) offered higher AUC values than LR (AUC = 0.77). The RF confirmed size of tract, number of tracts, and puncture correctness as significant risk factors, which was the same as LR model, while the size of tract was the main factor in XGBoost. All machine-learning algorithms yielded better predictions than LR for transfusion among PCNL patients. The importance of machine learning algorithm can give matched insights to domain knowledge on effective and influential factors for transfusion requirement.
Application of a Novel Grey Model GM (1, 1, exp×sin, exp×cos) in China's GDP Per Capita Prediction
Authors: Cheng Maolin , Liu Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the grey prediction, the GM (1, 1) model is an important type, but it sometimes shows big prediction errors and thus has limitations in applications. To improve the prediction precision of GM (1, 1) model, the paper improves from the following two aspects: (1) to improve the data’s adaptability to the model, the paper transforms the accumulated generating sequence of original time sequence to make the transformed sequence meet the laws presented by the model; (2) because the traditional GM (1, 1) model’s residual sequence generally shows a sine-cosine fluctuating state with a weak tendency, the paper extends the grey action of traditional GM (1, 1) model. The extended grey model is called the GM (1, 1, exp×sin, exp×cos) model. The paper gives the parameter optimization and time response equation of GM (1, 1, exp×sin, exp×cos) model. The traditional optimization method has its limitations, generally requiring the information such as the gradient value of objective function, and shows a slow convergence rate and poor precision. The paper gives a modern intelligent optimization algorithm, i.e. the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), which has strong robustness and a fast convergence rate and can be realized easily and used flexibly. To improve the algorithm’s convergence rate and precision, the paper improves the traditional PSO properly. According to the model and method proposed, the paper builds a GM (1, 1, exp×sin, exp×cos) model for China’s GDP per capita. Results show that the model has high precision.
High-harmonic generation with ultra-low threshold and extraordinary photon flux in CdTe
Authors: Yang Hang , Long Zhe , Tian Kan , He Linzhen , Qin Rui , Chen Zi-Yu , Liang Houkun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An ultra-low pump threshold and high photon flux have been long pursuits of high harmonic generation (HHG) in solids, which would benefit various applications such as attosecond generation, ultrafast electron dynamics studies, extreme ultraviolet spectroscopy, and coherent diffraction imaging. Here, we report non-perturbative HHG with extraordinary characteristics from a cadmium telluride (CdTe) bulk crystal exhibiting a flat shape of band dispersion near the Fermi level and high carrier mobility. The measured pump intensity threshold for the 12th and 31st harmonics is only 30 and 75 GW/cm2, respectively, one order of magnitude lower than that of other pristine crystals including two-dimensional materials reported so far. The HHG output grows with the pump intensity up to 4.5 TW/cm2 without saturation. A comparative measurement shows CdTe has two-to-three orders of magnitude stronger HHG than silicon does. This work opens up exciting possibilities for developing compact coherent light sources across the spectrum and attosecond photonics devices.