bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra-trial Mean 25(OH)D and PTH Levels and Risk of Falling in Older Men and Women in the Boston STOP IT Trial
Authors: Dawson-Hughes Bess , Wang Jifan , Barger Kathryn , Bischoff-Ferrari Heike A , Sempos Christopher T , Durazo-Arvizu Ramon A , Ceglia Lisa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
Supplementation with vitamin D has the potential to both reduce and increase risk of falling, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) may contribute to fall risk.

Objective
To assess the associations of intra-trial mean circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and PTH on incident falls in healthy older adults.

Design
Observational within a clinical trial.

Setting
The Bone Metabolism Laboratory at the USDA Nutrition Center at Tufts University.

Participants
410 men and women age ≥65 years who participated in the 3-year Boston STOP IT trial to determine the effect of supplementation with 700 IU of vitamin D3 plus calcium on incident falls (secondary endpoint). Intra-trial exposures of 25(OH)D and PTH were calculated as the mean of biannual measures up to and including the first fall.

Main outcome measures
Incidence of first fall.

Results
Intra-trial mean 25(OH)D was significantly associated with risk of falling in a U-shaped pattern; the range associated with minimal risk of falling was approximately 20 to 40 ng/mL. PTH was not significantly associated with risk of falling.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the importance of maintaining the circulating 25(OH)D level between 20 and 40 ng/mL, the range that is also recommended for bone health. At PTH levels within the normal range, there was no detectible independent association of PTH with fall risk.
Hyperthyroidism in Graves Disease Causes Sleep Disorders Related to Sympathetic Hypertonia
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuhisa , Izawa Shoichiro , Fukaya Kenji , Matsuda Eriko , Fujiyama Misato , Matsuzawa Kazuhiko , Okura Tsuyoshi , Kato Masahiko , Taniguchi Shin-ichi , Yamamoto Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
It is well known that Graves disease (GD) causes sleep disorders (SDs). However, the characteristics and associated factors of SD and its clinical course post hyperthyroidism normalization remain unclear.

Objective
To clarify the characteristics and associated factors of subjective SD and its clinical course after GD treatment.

Methods
From November 2017 to October 2020, we enrolled 72 participants (22 newly diagnosed with GD with untreated hyperthyroidism, 20 previously diagnosed with GD with normal thyroid function, and 30 normal controls) with no other underlying SD-related diseases. We compared the groups at enrollment and conducted prospective observations after 12 months of treatment on participants with newly diagnosed GD. Main outcome measures were differences and changes in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global and component sleep quality scores.

Results
PSQI global sleep quality scores (P = .036) and sleep disturbance scores (P = .011) were significantly different among the 3 groups, and were highest in the untreated hyperthyroidism group. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that free thyroxine level, which was positively correlated with sympathetic tone (ST) as evaluated by pulse rate, and urinary total metanephrines was associated with poorer PSQI global sleep quality scores independently of other factors (P = .006). Prospective observation showed that PSQI global sleep quality scores (P = .018) and sleep disturbance scores (P = .011) significantly improved with thyroid function normalization and ST attenuation.

Conclusion
Hyperthyroidism caused by GD augmented ST and exacerbated subjective SD. Normalization of hyperthyroidism caused by GD improved subjective SD.
Variability, Mean, and Baseline Values of Metabolic Parameters in Predicting Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Pham Duong Duc , Song Jaekyung , Jeon Yunwan , Hajar Ibrahimi , Leem Chae Hun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
The effect of baseline (B) and alteration of metabolic parameters (MPs), including plasma glucose (PG) testing, insulin resistance surrogates, and lipid profile and their mutual interactions on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has not been investigated systematically.

Objective
To access the association of the past variability (V), past mean (M), and B values of various MPs and their mutual interaction with the risk of T2DM.

Methods
A community-based, longitudinal analysis was conducted using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study comprising 3829 nondiabetic participants with completed MPs measurements during 3 biannually visits who were followed over the next 10 years. Outcomes included the incidence of T2DM during follow-up.

Results
Among predictors, PG concentrations measured during the oral glucose tolerance test were the most prominent T2DM determinants, in which the M of the average value of fasting PG (FPG), 1-hour, and 2-hour PGs had the strongest discriminative power (hazard ratios and 95% CI for an increment of SD: 3.00 (2.5-3.26), AUC: 0.82). The M values of MPs were superior to their B and V values in predicting T2DM, especially among postload PGs. Various mutual interactions between indices and among MPs were found. The most consistent interactants were the M values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the M and V values of FPG. The findings were similar in normal glucose tolerance participants and were confirmed by sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion
Postload PG, past alteration of measurements, and mutual interactions among indices of MPs are important risk factors for T2DM development.
Deconstructing a Syndrome: Genomic Insights Into PCOS Causal Mechanisms and Classification
Authors: Dapas Matthew , Dunaif Andrea 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common disorders in women of reproductive age, affecting up to 15% worldwide, depending on the diagnostic criteria. PCOS is characterized by a constellation of interrelated reproductive abnormalities, including disordered gonadotropin secretion, increased androgen production, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. It is frequently associated with insulin resistance and obesity. These reproductive and metabolic derangements cause major morbidities across the lifespan, including anovulatory infertility and type 2 diabetes (T2D).Despite decades of investigative effort, the etiology of PCOS remains unknown. Familial clustering of PCOS cases has indicated a genetic contribution to PCOS. There are rare Mendelian forms of PCOS associated with extreme phenotypes, but PCOS typically follows a non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance consistent with a complex genetic architecture, analogous to T2D and obesity, that reflects the interaction of susceptibility genes and environmental factors. Genomic studies of PCOS have provided important insights into disease pathways and have indicated that current diagnostic criteria do not capture underlying differences in biology associated with different forms of PCOS.We provide a state-of-the-science review of genetic analyses of PCOS, including an overview of genomic methodologies aimed at a general audience of non-geneticists and clinicians. Applications in PCOS will be discussed, including strengths and limitations of each study. The contributions of environmental factors, including developmental origins, will be reviewed. Insights into the pathogenesis and genetic architecture of PCOS will be summarized. Future directions for PCOS genetic studies will be outlined.
Novel Application of Recommendation Standards to Evaluate a Cancer-Specific Community-Based Exercise Program
Authors: Wood Kelley C. , Leach Heather J. , Marshall Timothy , Hidde Mary C. , Crisafio Mary E. , Pergolotti Mackenzi 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Lack of standards to regulate community-based supervised exercise programs (CSEP) is a barrier to improved integration in oncology. To foster standards development, we applied 11 recommended (non–cancer-specific) standards as a framework to describe and evaluate the Fitness Therapy (Fit) for Cancer Program. This study used descriptive, pre- and postevaluation of the Fit Cancer program—an 8-wk CSEP, including weekly group-based exercise and three physical activity (PA) behavior change discussion sessions. Outcomes collected pre- and postprogram include self-reported PA (vigorous, moderate, and walking minutes per week), well-being, lower body muscular endurance measured by 30-s sit to stand (30-STS), and program satisfaction (survey and open-ended program “highlights”). PA, 30-STS, and well-being were analyzed descriptively (mean, median, etc.), then pre- and postprogram change was evaluated using paired t-tests and Cohen’s d. Program satisfaction data were analyzed using descriptive, sequential mixed method analysis with line-by-line inductive coding. The implementation of Fit Cancer aligned with each recommended standard (comprehensive screening and enrollment, evidence-based, small group, etc.). From 2017 to 2019, 46 participants completed the program (76.1% female, M
age = 57 ± 10 yr). Significant pre- and postimprovements were observed for vigorous PA (P = 0.00, d = 0.62), moderate PA (P = 0.001, d = 0.07), 30-STS (P = 0.00, d = 0.62), and well-being (P = 0.008, d = 0.27). All respondents (n = 32, 70%) agreed that they “enjoyed” the program, “looked forward to exercise sessions,” and the “staff and group environment provided a sense of community and support” that was beneficial. Themes in program “highlights” aligned with the recommended standards and included instructors, social support, exercise sessions, observable health/wellness impacts, and other supports (education, cost, resources). The Fit Cancer program aligns well with recommendation standards for CSEP and resulted in improved PA, lower body muscular endurance, and well-being for survivors. Results of this study provide pragmatic evidence to guide the development of future cancer-specific CSEP standards.
The WOOL Dialogue Platform: Enabling Interdisciplinary User-Friendly Development of Dialogue for Conversational Agents
Authors: Beinema Tessa , op den Akker Harm , Hofs Dennis , van Schooten Boris 
Published: January 2022

Health coaching applications can include (embodied) conversational agents as coaches. The development of these agents requires an interdisciplinary cooperation between eHealth application developers, interaction designers and domain experts. Therefore, proper dialogue authoring tools and tools to integrate these dialogues in a conversational agent system are essential in the process of creating successful agent-based applications. However, we found no existing open source, easy-to-use authoring tools that support multidisciplinary agent development. To that end, we developed the WOOL Dialogue Platform. The WOOL Dialogue Platform provides the eHealth and conversational agent communities with an open source platform, consisting of a set of easy to use tools that facilitate virtual agent development. The platform consists of a dialogue definition language, an editor, application development libraries and a web service. To illustrate the platform’s possibilities and use in practice, we describe two use cases from EU Horizon 2020 research projects. The WOOL Dialogue Platform is an ‘easy to use, and powerful if needed’ platform for the development of conversational agent applications that is seeing a slow but steady increase in uptake in the eHealth community. Developed to support dialogue authoring for embodied conversational agents in the health coaching domain, this platform’s strong points are its ease of use and ability to let domain experts and agents technology experts work together by providing all parties with tools that support their work effectively.
Case Article—The RealPro Customer Benefits Program: Rekindling Shopper Loyalty Through a Subscription Service
Authors: Huchzermeier Arnd , Wolters Jannik , Uphues Marcel 
Published: January 2022

In this case study, students combine data-based insights with strategic considerations to make fundamental business decisions at the German grocery retail chain Real. In response to dwindling numbers of customers and reduced revenues, Real developed the RealPro customer benefits program to achieve a quick turnaround. For a fixed annual fee, RealPro members receive substantial and permanent discounts of 20% on nonpromoted items from a broad range of food categories. Students employ data analytics methods to extract insights from the provided data set, which contains point-of-sale information from the actual market test of RealPro. Based on these insights, decisions concerning the rollout and design of the RealPro program must be made. We provide data analysis solutions in both Excel and R to analyze 75 thousand customer transactions. In the case extension, students can apply the difference-in-differences method and two covariate balancing algorithms for in-depth statistical analyses. For this purpose, we provide an additional unbalanced data set with 83 thousand transactions, on which the students can test and analyze propensity score matching and entropy balancing models. Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2021.0257ca . The Teaching Note and restricted data are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Pengukuran Indeks Ultraviolet Matahari dan Atenuasinya oleh Beberapa Bahan untuk Rekomendasi Waktu Aman Berjemur
Authors: Ristanto Sigit , Huda Choirul , Kurniawan Affandi Faisal 
Published: January 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengukuran indeks ultraviolet (UV) matahari dan atenuasinya oleh beberapa bahan. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebutuhan berjemur di tengah terik matahari sebagai upaya meningkatkan imun tubuh ditengah Pandemi Covid-19. Indeks ultraviolet menjadi kunci dalam menentukan waktu yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh data distribusi indeks UV di suatu wilayah beserta atenuasinya untuk keperluan rekomendasi rentang waktu aman berjemur. Alat ukur yang digunakan berupa sensor indeks UV analog yang mengubah radiasi UV menjadi tegangan analog pada rentang 0 – 1 V. Nilai output dibaca menggunakan multimeter lalu dikonversi ke dalam UV indeks menggunakan tabel konversi bawaan produk. Pengukuran UV indeks dibagi menjadi tiga kondisi, pertama berdasarkan rentang waktu pada rentang waktu dari pukul 08.00 – 16.00 WIB, pengaruh tutupan awan, dan pengukuran UV indeks saat melawati beberapa bahan: kacamata transparan, kacamata riben, plastic kemasan, topi, dan kaos olahraga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi indek UV berdasarkan rentang waktu berhasil diperoleh, tutupan awan menyebabkan penurunan indek UV sebesar 4 tingkat dan atenuasi Indek UV oleh beberapa bahan berhasil diperoleh. Berdasarkan sampel pengambilan data di Tinjomoyo Banyumanik Kota Semarang diperoleh waktu aman berjemur berada pada rentang sebelum Pukul 10.00 WIB dan setelah Pukul 14.00 WIB.
Языковые особенности гендерного концепта в русской и испанской культурах
Authors: Бойцов Иван , Данкер Зина , Зайнульдинов Андрей 
Published: January 2022

Предлагаемая статья рассматривает одну из актуальных проблем, посвященных изучению национальных культур и их языковому выражению. В рамках современных лингвокультурологических направлений анализируются такие вопросы, как «язык и культура», «языковая картина мира», гендерные параметры социума, языковое своеобразие концептов. Представлен сравнительный план русской и испанской национальных традиций и культур. Данная статья может быть полезна филологам, занимающимся вопросами лингвокультурологии, интересующимся проблемами «концепта», языковыми возможностями представления.
Quantitative CT imaging features for COVID-19 evaluation: The ability to differentiate COVID-19 from non- COVID-19 (highly suspected) pneumonia patients during the epidemic period
Authors: Peng Shengkun , Pan Lingai , Guo Yang , Gong Bo , Huang Xiaobo , Liu Siyun , Huang Jianxin , Pu Hong , Zeng Jie 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
COVID-19 and Non-Covid-19 (NC) Pneumonia encountered high CT imaging overlaps during pandemic. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of image-based quantitative CT features in discriminating COVID-19 from NC Pneumonia.

Materials and methods
145 patients with highly suspected COVID-19 were retrospectively enrolled from four centers in Sichuan Province during January 23 to March 23, 2020. 88 cases were confirmed as COVID-19, and 57 patients were NC. The dataset was randomly divided by 3:2 into training and testing sets. The quantitative CT radiomics features were extracted and screened sequentially by correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression (LR) and backward stepwise LR with minimum AIC methods. The selected features were used to construct the LR model for differentiating COVID-19 from NC. Meanwhile, the differentiation performance of traditional quantitative CT features such as lesion volume ratio, ground glass opacity (GGO) or consolidation volume ratio were also considered and compared with Radiomics-based method. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were conducted to evaluate the predicting performance.

Results
Compared with traditional CT quantitative features, radiomics features performed best with the highest Area Under Curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the training (0.994, 0.942, 1.0 and 0.965) and testing sets (0.977, 0.944, 0.870, 0.915) (Delong test, P < 0.001). Among CT volume-ratio based models using lesion or GGO component ratio, the model combining CT lesion score and component ratio performed better than others, with the AUC, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 0.84, 0.692, 0.853, 0.756 in the training set and 0.779, 0.667, 0.826, 0.729 in the testing set. The significant difference of the most selected wavelet transformed radiomics features between COVID-19 and NC might well reflect the CT signs.

Conclusions
The differentiation between COVID-19 and NC could be well improved by using radiomics features, compared with traditional CT quantitative values.
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among Bangladeshi adults: Understanding predictors of vaccine intention to inform vaccine policy
Authors: Lee Clarice , Holroyd Taylor A. , Gur-Arie Rachel , Sauer Molly , Zavala Eleonor , Paul Alicia M. , Shattuck Dominick , Karron Ruth A. , Limaye Rupali J. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of COVID-19 vaccine intention among Bangladeshi adults.

Methods
Secondary data from the COVID-19 Beliefs, Behaviors & Norms Survey conducted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Facebook were analyzed. Data were collected from 2,669 adult Facebook users in Bangladesh and was collected between February 15 and February 28, 2021. Binomial logistic regression examined the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination intent and demographic variables, risk perception, preventive behaviors, COVID-19 knowledge, and likelihood of future actions.

Results
Seventy-nine percent of respondents reported intent to get the COVID-19 vaccine when it becomes available. Intent to get vaccinated was highest among females, adults aged 71–80, individuals with college or graduate-level degrees, city dwellers, and individuals who perceived that they were in excellent health. Results of the binomial logistic regression indicated that predictors of vaccination intent include age (OR = 1.39), high risk perception of COVID-19 (OR = 1.47), and intent to practice social distancing (OR = 1.22).

Discussion
Findings suggest that age, perceived COVID-19 risk, and non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 interventions may predict COVID-19 vaccination intent among Bangladeshi adults. Findings can be used to create targeted messaging to increase demand for and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh.
Postoperative fever after liver resection: Incidence, risk factors, and characteristics associated with febrile infectious complication
Authors: Lai Hon-Fan , Chau Ivy Yenwen , Lei Hao-Jan , Chou Shu-Cheng , Hsia Cheng-Yuan , Kao Yi-Chu , Chau Gar-Yang 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of postoperative fever (POF) after liver resection. In patients with POF, predictors of febrile infectious complications were determined.

Methods
A total of 797 consecutive patients undergoing liver resection from January 2015 to December 2019 were retrospectively investigated. POF was defined as body temperature ≥ 38.0°C in the postoperative period. POF was characterized by time of first fever, the highest temperature, and frequency of fever. The Institut Mutualiste Montsouris (IMM) classification was used to stratify surgical difficulty, from grade I (low), grade II (intermediate) to grade III (high). Postoperative leukocytosis was defined as a 70% increase of white blood cell count from the preoperative value. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for POF and predictors of febrile infectious complications.

Results
Overall, 401 patients (50.3%) developed POF. Of these, 10.5% had the time of first fever > postoperative day (POD) 2, 25.9% had fever > 38.6°C, and 60.6% had multiple fever spikes. In multivariate analysis, risk factors for POF were: IMM grade III resection (OR 1.572, p = 0.008), Charlson Comorbidity Index score > 3 (OR 1.872, p < 0.001), and serum albumin < 3.2 g/dL (OR 3.236, p = 0.023). 14.6% patients developed infectious complication, 21.9% of febrile patients and 7.1% of afebrile patients (p < 0.001). Predictors of febrile infectious complications were: fever > 38.6°C (OR 2.242, p = 0.003), time of first fever > POD2 (OR 6.002, p < 0.001), and multiple fever spikes (OR 2.039, p = 0.019). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for fever > 38.6°C were 39.8%, 78.0%, 33.7% and 82.2%, respectively. A combination of fever > 38.6°C and leukocytosis provided high specificity of 95.2%.

Conclusion
In this study, we found that IMM classification, CCI score, and serum albumin level related with POF development in patients undergone liver resection. Time of first fever > POD2, fever > 38.6°C, and multiple fever spikes indicate an increased risk of febrile infectious complication. These findings may aid decision-making in patients with POF who require further diagnostic workup.