bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of early fluid overload on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low-birth-weight infants
Authors: Li Yu-Jie , Zhu Xiao-Fang , Liu Jian-Hong , Yi Xiao-Qian , He Hao 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the influence of fluid overload on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very low-birth-weight infants (VLBWI) within 1 week after birth.MethodsThis was a retrospective case control study conducted in the Jingzhou Central Hospital. The clinical data of VLBWI (with a birth weight [BW] &lt; 1,500 g and 26 weeks ≤ gestational age [GA] &lt; 32 weeks) who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of this hospital from January 2016 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 157 cases were enrolled and divided into a BPD group (n = 60) and a non-BPD group (n = 97) according to whether BPD was present. The general condition, fluid intake, and fluid overload of the two groups of neonates within 1 week after birth were compared. The logistic regression was used to assess the association between infant characteristics and BPD. The ROC curve was used to assess how well the 7 day cumulative fluid overload predicted BPD, and to identify an optimal cut off for prediction.ResultsThe comparison of the patients' general condition revealed that the neonates in the BPD group had a younger GA, lower BW, lower 5-min Apgar score, longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, and higher incidence of intrauterine infections and administration of surfactants (P &lt; 0.05). The differences in the other indicators were not statistically significant between the two groups. The logistic regression analysis revealed that a younger GA, the presence of intrauterine infection, and a 7-day cumulative fluid overload were the risk factors for the development of BPD. A ROC curve was plotted with the 7-day cumulative fluid overload as the test variable and BPD as the status variable. The area under the curve was 0.75 (95% confidence interval: 0.664–0.826, P = 0.042), with a sensitivity of 76.7% and a specificity of 70.1%, corresponding to a 7-day cumulative fluid overload of 36.2%.ConclusionA younger GA, the presence of intrauterine infection, and a 7-day cumulative fluid overload were risk factors for the development of BPD. A 7 day cumulative fluid overload threshold of 36.2% best predicted the development of BPD.
Determination of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate octaacetate and its metabolites in plasma of rats for pharmacokinetic study by ultra-performance-liquid-chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass-spectrometry
Authors: Chu Kai On , Man Gene Chi Wai , Hung Sze Wan , Chan Tak Hang , Lee Wai Yip Thomas , Chan Kwok Ping , Pang Chi Pui , Wang Chi Chiu 
Published: October 2022

(-)-Epigallocatechin-gallate octaacetate (pro-EGCG), a prodrug of epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG), has been used for pre-clinical study for the treatment of endometriosis. A validated analytical method has been developed for the determination of plasma pro-EGCG and its metabolites after oral administration using ultra-performance-liquid-chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass-spectrometry (UPLC-Qtof-MS). This method is more robust, rapid, sensitive, simpler, and able to detect pro-EGCG metabolites compared to our previous method. Pro-EGCG in the plasma was stabilized from rapid degradation by formic acid, extracted by isopropanol/methyl-tert-butyl ether mixture, separated by UPLC core column, and quantified by an exact mass method with Qtof-MS. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), intra-day and inter-day precision, and accuracy for the range of 0.01–2.5 μg/mL were within acceptable limits. The sensitivity was improved by 25 folds using pro-EGCG ammonium adduct [M + NH4]+. This is the first report on the pharmacokinetics of oral administration with maximum-concentration (Cmax) was 0.067 ± 0.04 μg/mL, time-of-maximum-concentration (Tmax) was 1.33 h, area-under-curve (AUC) was 0.20 ± 0.05 h × µg/mL, and elimination-rate was 0.20 ± 0.11 hr−1. The pharmacokinetic profiles of pro-EGCG metabolites, (-)-epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) diacetates and EGCG triacetates, were also presented. This method is robust, rapid, and sensitive for the pharmacokinetic study of pro-EGCG and metabolites.
Overestimation of maximal aerobic speed by the Université de Montréal track test and a 1500-m-time trial in soccer
Authors: Thron Maximiliane , Woll Alexander , Klos Leon , Härtel Sascha , Ruf Ludwig , Kloss Christian , Altmann Stefan 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Maximal aerobic speed (MAS), usually measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on a treadmill, is gaining popularity in soccer to determine aerobic performance. Several field tests are used to estimate MAS, although, gold standard methods are still not clarified. Therefore, this work aims 1) to compare two different CPET based methods to assess MAS and 2) to investigate the convergent validity of two common field tests to estimate MAS in soccer.Methods: Thirteen trained male soccer players completed an CPET on a treadmill to determine two VO2-kinetic based definitions of MAS (MASPlateau = speed at onset of VO2-plateau = gold standard; MAS30s = first speed of 30-s-interval of VO2max), the Université de Montreal Track Test (UMTT; VUMTT = speed of the last stage), and a 1500-m-time trial (1500-m-TT; V1500m = average speed). MASPlateau, MAS30s, VUMTT, and V1500m were compared using ANOVA. Additionally, limits of agreement analysis (LoA), Pearson’s r, and ICC were calculated between tests.Results: MAS30s, VUMTT, and V1500m significantly overestimated MASPlateau by 0.99 km/h (ES = 1.61; p &lt; 0.01), 1.61 km/h (ES = 2.03; p &lt; 0.01) and 1.68 km/h (ES = 1.77; p &lt; 0.01), respectively, with large LoA (-0.21 ≤ LoA≤3.55), however with large-to-very large correlations (0.65 ≤ r ≤ 0.87; p ≤ 0.02; 0.51 ≤ ICC≤ 0.85; p ≤ 0.03).Discussion: The overestimation and large LoA of MASPlateau by all estimates indicate that 1) a uniform definition of MAS is needed and 2) the UMTT and a 1500-m-TT seem questionable for estimating MAS for trained soccer players on an individual basis, while regression equations might be suitable on a team level. The results of the present work contribute to the clarification of acquisition of MAS in soccer.
Coping with global warming: Adult thermal thresholds in four pestiferous Anastrepha species determined under experimental laboratory conditions and development/survival times of immatures and adults under natural field conditions
Authors: Guillén Larissa , Pascacio-Villafán Carlos , Osorio-Paz Ixchel , Ortega-Casas Rafael , Enciso-Ortíz Erick , Altúzar-Molina Alma , Velázquez Olinda , Aluja Martín 
Published: October 2022

Climate change, particularly global warming, is disturbing biological processes in unexpected ways and forcing us to re-study/reanalyze the effects of varying temperatures, among them extreme ones, on insect functional traits such as lifespan and fecundity/fertility. Here we experimentally tested, under both laboratory and field conditions, the effects of an extreme range of temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, and 45 °C, and the naturally varying conditions experienced in the field), on survivorship/lifespan, fecundity, and fertility of four pestiferous fruit fly species exhibiting contrasting life histories and belonging to two phylogenetic groups within the genus Anastrepha: A. ludens, A. obliqua, A. striata, and A. serpentina. In the field, we also measured the length of the entire life cycle (egg to adult), and in one species (A. ludens), the effect on the latter of the host plant (mango and grapefruit). Under laboratory conditions, none of the adults, independent of species, could survive a single day when exposed to a constant temperature of 45 °C, but A. striata and A. serpentina females/males survived at the highly contrasting temperatures of 5 and 40 °C at least 7 days. Maximum longevity was achieved in all species at 15 °C (375, 225, 175 and 160 days in A. ludens, A. serpentina, A. striata and A. obliqua females, respectively). Anastrepha ludens layed many eggs until late in life (368 days) at 15 °C, but none eclosed. Eclosion was only observed in all species at 20 and 30 °C. Under natural conditions, flies lived ca. 100 days less than in the laboratory at 15 °C, likely due to the physiological cost of dealing with the highly varying environmental patterns over 24 h (minimum and maximum temperatures and relative humidity of ca. 10–40 °C, and 22–100%, respectively). In the case of A. ludens, the immature’s developmental time was shorter in mango, but adult survival was longer than in grapefruit. We discuss our results considering the physiological processes regulating the traits measured and tie them to the increasing problem of global warming and its hidden effects on the physiology of insects, as well as the ecological and pest management implications.
Transcriptome and functional analyses reveal ERF053 from Medicago falcata as key regulator in drought resistances
Authors: Li Qian , Jiang Wenbo , Jiang Zhihu , Du Wenxuan , Song Jiaxing , Qiang Zhiquan , Zhang Bo , Pang Yongzhen , Wang Yuxiang 
Published: October 2022

Medicago falcata L. is an important legume forage grass with strong drought resistant, which could be utilized as an important gene pool in molecular breed of forage grass. In this study, M. falcata seedlings were treated with 400 mM mannitol to simulate drought stress, and the morphological and physiological changes were investigated, as well as the transcriptome changes of M. falcata seedlings at different treatment time points (0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h). Transcriptome analyses revealed four modules were closely related with drought response in M. falcata by WGCNA analysis, and four ERF transcription factor genes related with drought stress were identified (MfERF053, MfERF9, MfERF034 and MfRAP2.1). Among them, MfERF053 was highly expressed in roots, and MfERF053 protein showed transcriptional activation activity by transient expression in tobacco leaves. Overexpression of MfERF053 in Arabidopsis improved root growth, number of lateral roots and fresh weight under drought, salt stress and exogenous ABA treatments. Transgenic Arabidopsis over-expressing MfERF053 gene grew significantly better than the wild type under both drought stress and salt stress when grown in soil. Taken together, our strategy with transcriptome combined WGCNA analyses identified key transcription factor genes from M. falcata, and the selected MfERF053 gene was verified to be able to enhance drought and salt resistance when over-expressed in Arabidopsis.
Skin-to-skin SDF positioning: The key to intersubjective intimacy between mother and very preterm newborn—A pilot matched-pair case-control study
Authors: Buil Aude , Sankey Carol , Caeymaex Laurence , Gratier Maya , Apter Gisèle , Vitte Lisa , Devouche Emmanuel 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSkin-to-skin contact (SSC) has been widely studied in NICU and several meta-analyses have looked at its benefits, for both the baby and the parent. However, very few studies have investigated SSC’ benefits for communication, in particular in the very-preterm newborn immediately after birth.AimsTo investigate the immediate benefits of Supported Diagonal Flexion (SDF) positioning during SSC on the quality of mother—very-preterm newborn communication and to examine the coordination of the timing of communicative behaviors, just a few days after birth.Subjects and study designMonocentric prospective matched-pair case-control study. Thirty-four mothers and their very preterm infants (27 to 31 + 6 weeks GA, mean age at birth: 30 weeks GA) were assigned to one of the two SSC positioning, either the Vertical Control positioning (n = 17) or the SDF Intervention positioning (n = 17). Mother and newborn were filmed during the first 5 min of their first SSC.Outcome measuresInfants’ states of consciousness according to the Assessment of Preterm Infants’ Behavior scale (APIB). Onset and duration of newborns’ and mothers’ vocalizations and their temporal proximity within a 1-s time-window.ResultsIn comparison with the Vertical group, very preterm newborns in the SDF Intervention Group spent less time in a drowsy state and more in deep sleep. At 3.5 days of life, newborns’ vocal production in SSC did not differ significantly between the two groups. Mothers offered a denser vocal envelope in the SDF group than in the Vertical group and their vocalizations were on average significantly longer. Moreover, in a one-second time-frame, temporal proximity of mother-very preterm newborn behaviors was greater in the SDF Intervention Group.ConclusionAlthough conducted on a limited number of dyads, our study shows that SDF positioning fosters mother-very preterm newborn intimate encounter during the very first skin to skin contact after delivery. Our pioneer data sheds light on the way a mother and her very preterm vocally meet, and constitutes a pilot step in the exploration of innate intersubjectivity in the context of very preterm birth.
The double burden of COVID-19 and Israeli military rule on persons with disabilities in the West Bank of the occupied Palestinian territory
Authors: Mitwalli Suzan , Kiwan Dina , Abdul-Samad Lina , Giacaman Rita 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has enormous negative effects on people’s lives. People with disabilities (PWDs) who have been made vulnerable and who tend to face significant barriers in accessing public services are likely to be affected even more. This study aims to shed light on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on PWDs with special attention to their ability to access public services in the West Bank region of the occupied Palestinian territory.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted between March 2021 and October 2021. The study was divided into two phases. The first phase consisted of interviews with people with different disabilities, while the second phase targeted policymakers and stakeholders in discussion of the results of the first phase. A total of 16 interviews with people with different types of disabilities (7 males, 9 females) were conducted via telephone. For the second phase, a total of 6 interviews were conducted with stakeholders most responsible for addressing the issue of disability and the needs of PWDs in the West Bank. Analytical memos were prepared for all interviews. Main themes and subthemes were identified by reading and re-reading memos and transcripts until themes and subthemes emerged.ResultsAll participants agreed that the COVID-19 pandemic had affected all aspects of life for all groups of people, including PWDs. The effects of the pandemic exacerbated the overall living conditions and access to basic services for PWDs. The results show that access to public transportation, public services, and to health services was all interrupted during the pandemic. This was compounded by deterioration of the financial situation for PWDs which further worsened their access. The stakeholders’ interviews confirmed and explained the findings as mainly due to lack of prioritization of PWD’s rights and needs.ConclusionThe study emphasized that most of the reported barriers to accessing essential services were intensified during the pandemic. Furthermore, the results show that PWDs and their needs are not considered a priority by the Palestinian Authority, exacerbated by the Israeli occupation. Our findings underline the importance of including PWDs in any future crisis planning.
Training needs and curriculum of continuing medical education among general practitioners in Tibet, China: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: An Kang , Zhang Lin , Qiao Runjuan , Li Caizheng , Zhong Qian , Ma Yiru , Rao Xin , Mao Tingrui , Liu Feng , Zhuo Qiang , She Yi , Li Shuangqing , Su Qiaoli 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundUneven distribution of health resources is higher in Tibet than in other regions. The development of core professional capability for general practitioners (GPs) is the main goal of continuing medical education (CME) training programs.AimThis study aimed to explore the needs of CME for GPs and provide advice for the development of policy, practice, and CME curriculums.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional online survey among GPs in Tibet Autonomous Region, China. We designed an online questionnaire including the demographic section, training contents, and training formats about CME.ResultsA total of 108 questionnaires were included in this study. Notably, 79 (73.15%) were women and 56 participants (51.85%) were working in primary care settings. We developed a curriculum priority: first-choice, major alternatives, and secondary considerations. The topics identified as first-choice for CME were related to “cardiovascular disease” (85.19%), “respiratory disease” (81.48%), and “digestive disease” (80.56%). Major alternatives included two essential knowledge and eight clinical skill items. We rated 10 items as secondary considerations. Only 39.81% ranked mental health as an essential priority; bedside teaching (51.85%) was the first choice.ConclusionWe presented priority areas identified in this study to focus on CME for GPs in Tibet. The 23 topics may reflect the features of general practice, which increasingly require common disease management skills, while a demand-oriented curriculum and staged training plans should be adopted. CME programs should be adapted dynamically to respond to evolving needs.
Association between lifestyle and COVID-19 vaccination: A national cross-sectional study
Authors: Miao Yudong , Zhang Wanliang , Li Yi , Wu Jian , Xu Dongyang , Gu Jianqin , Wang Meiyun , Wei Wei , Ye Beizhu , Miao Chengyuan , Tarimo Clifford Silver , Dong Wenyong 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo assess lifestyles, COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates, and the relationships between lifestyles and COVID-19 vaccination among Chinese population.MethodsWe collected data on sociodemographics, perception of the COVID-19 pandemic, lifestyles, and self-reported COVID-19 vaccination via an online survey in China. The chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used to monitor sample saturation throughout the formal online survey. The binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between COVID-19 vaccination rate and lifestyle score. We assigned values to 12 lifestyles ranging from positive to negative, with positive lifestyles receiving a higher score and negative lifestyles receiving a lower score, ranging from 1 to 5. For each participant, the total lifestyle scored from 12 to 56. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to visualize the trends and correlations between lifestyle score and COVID-19 vaccination coverage. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to explore the association between specific lifestyles and COVID-19 vaccination.ResultsA total of 29,925 participants (51.4% females) responded. The lifestyle score of the sample was 44.60 ± 6.13 (scoring range: 12–56). COVID-19 vaccination rate was found to be 89.4% (89.1–89.8%). Female participants reported a higher vaccination rate than male participants (91.5 vs. 87.1%). Compared to Q1, COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates increased with lifestyle total scores [ORQ2 = 1.901 (1.718–2.103), P &lt; 0.001; ORQ3 = 2.373 (2.099–2.684), P &lt; 0.001; and ORQ4 = 3.765 (3.209–4.417), P &lt; 0.001]. After applying PSM, it was determined that all the 12 specific healthy lifestyles analyzed, including maintaining a healthy body weight, a healthy diet, regular physical exercises, adequate sleep, regular physical examination, and others, were found to be positive factors for COVID-19 vaccination.ConclusionThe majority of mainland Chinese lived a healthy lifestyle throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, and the rate of COVID-19 vaccination was high. Specific healthy lifestyles contributed to COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates significantly. According to the study's findings, global efforts to achieve herd immunity should be prioritized by continually promoting healthy lifestyles and improving public perception of COVID-19 vaccines.
Transareolar uniportal thoracoscopic extended thymectomy for patients with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Lin Jianbo , Lin Nanlong , Li Xu , Lai Fancai 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundTransareolar uniportal thoracoscopic extended thymectomy (TUTET) has not been previously reported. We attempted to assess the feasibility and safety of TUTET for male myasthenia gravis (MG) patients.Patients and methodsFrom February 2013 to February 2020, 46 men with MG underwent TUTET. All patients were followed up for 12–84 months postoperatively by clinic visits or telephone/e-mail interviews.ResultsAll surgeries were completed successfully, with an average operation time of 72.6 min. The mean length of transareolar uniportal incision was 3.0 ± 0.4 cm, and the mean postoperative cosmetic score was 3.1 ± 0.5 at discharge. Three months postoperatively, no patients had an apparent surgical scar on the chest wall or complained of postoperative pain. Substantial amelioration of the disease was achieved in a short period, and several benefits were clear. At the 1-year follow-up, all patients showed a good cosmetic effect and high satisfaction.ConclusionsTUTET is an effective and safe way for men with MG. The uniportal incision is hidden in the areola with sound cosmetic effects. We believe that TUTET is an acceptable procedure for extended thymectomy.
Association of neutropenia at disease onset with severe surgical necrotizing enterocolitis and higher mortality: A retrospective study
Authors: Qin Fanyue , Yuan Mengjie , Zhang Chen , Zhu Chu , Dong Huifang , Xu Falin 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundNeutrophils are among the earliest immune cells recruited to the site of an intestinal injury, but their predictive role in the progression of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate if a reduction in neutrophils at the onset of NEC is associated with severe surgical NEC and/or NEC-associated deaths.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study in which neonates underwent surgery due to NEC during 2015–2020. The data on absolute neutrophil count (ANC), before and at the onset of NEC, were collected from the complete blood count results. The primary exposure was the difference in absolute neutrophil count (ΔANC) at NEC onset. The primary outcome was severe surgical NEC, defined as the residual small bowel length after intestinal resection of &lt;30 cm.ResultsA total of 157 neonates were included in this study, of which 53 were diagnosed with severe surgical NEC. A decrease in ANC at the onset of NEC was associated with an increased probability of severe surgical NEC (crude odds ratio [OR] 1.248, 95% CI 1.107–1.407; P = 0.000). ΔANC (area under the curve [AUC] 0.729, 95% CI 0.653–0.797; P &lt; 0.001] was a good predictor for severe surgical NEC. The addition of platelets to ΔANC at NEC onset (AUC 0.738, 95% CI 0.662–0.808; P &lt; 0.001) resulted in a higher AUC and specificity for severe surgical NEC prediction than ΔANC alone. A reduction in the neutrophil count at NEC onset (ΔANC &gt; 0) was associated with adverse outcomes (hazard ratio [HR] 3.48, 95% CI 1.64–7.36) and a lower survival probability (χ2 10.63; P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionA reduction in the ANC at the onset of NEC was associated with severe surgical NEC and higher mortality. The addition of platelets to ΔANC at NEC onset resulted in a higher predictive value of severe surgical NEC. This study may provide a new insight into the bedside evaluation of NEC by analyzing data from the day of NEC onset.