bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information construction of construction project management based on internet of things blockchain
Authors: Zhou Jingdong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBecause of the complexity of construction projects and the frequency of project transactions, smart project management has a huge amount of transaction and operation data. Massive transaction and operation data urgently need a safe, efficient and low–cost storage and data analysis to realize fine management of buildings, low–cost transaction and interconnection of project information. Therefore, the construction project management system based on internet of things blockchain has been gradually improved, and more and more researches have been made on it. This article proposes a parallel design scheme. Parallel algorithms disperse the repeated calculation work on each node, reduce the calculation load and calculation time of a single node, effectively improve the efficiency of the algorithm, and enable it to process large–scale data of different sizes in parallel. Improve the algorithm according to the experiment, and analyze the performance of the parallel algorithm according to the experimental results. Experiments show that Apriori algorithm and K‐means algorithm based on MapReduce are more than 85° optimized than traditional data mining.
Effect of tuned mass damper in wind‐induced response of “V” plan‐shaped tall building
Authors: Bhattacharya Satadru , Dalui Sujit Kumar 
Published: March 2022

SummaryIn this study, a “V” plan‐shaped building with single tuned mass damper (STMD) and multiple tuned mass damper (MTMD) is analyzed in alongwind and crosswind direction considering different mass ratios and tunning ratios. The force coefficient of the “V” plan‐shaped tall building is determined by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to obtain the time history function of dynamic wind force. An optimum ratio has been adopted to compare the effectiveness of MTMD over STMD installed in the V‐shape building model. Power spectral density of displacement, acceleration, base shear, base moment, and torsional moment due to dynamic wind time history are determined to investigate the vibration control of MTMDs and STMDs. Finally, the optimal mass ratio of the maximum reduction in response and control effectiveness in percentage has been determined for each parameter. The present study indicates that MTMDs are more effective to mitigate wind‐induced vibration than STMDs.
Stimuli‐Responsive Transformable Supramolecular Nanotubes
Authors: Kameta Naohiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSupramolecular nanotubes produced by self‐assembly of organic molecules can have unique structural features such as a one‐dimensional morphology with no branching, distinguishable inner and outer surfaces and membrane walls, or a structure that is hollow and has a high aspect ratio. Incorporation of functional groups that respond to external chemical or physical stimuli into the constituent organic molecules of supramolecular nanotubes allows us to drastically change the structure of the nanotubes by applying such stimuli. This ability affords an array of controllable approaches for the encapsulation, storage, and release of guest compounds, which is expected to be useful in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. In this article, I review the supramolecular nanotubes developed by our group that exhibit morphological transformations in response to pH, chemical reaction, light, temperature, or moisture.
Vanadium(IV) oxide affects embryonic development in mice
Authors: Álvarez‐Barrera Lucila , Rodríguez‐Mercado Juan José , Mateos‐Nava Rodrigo Aníbal , Ocampo‐Aguilera Nydia Angélica , Altamirano‐Lozano Mario Agustín 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVanadium(V) and vanadium(IV) are the predominant redox forms present in the environment, and epidemiological studies have reported that prenatal vanadium exposure is associated with restricted fetal growth and adverse birth outcomes. However, data about the toxic effects of vanadium(IV) oxide (V2O4) on the development of mammals are still limited. Therefore, in this work, 4.7, 9.4, or 18.7 mg/kg body weight/injection/day V2O4 was administered through an intraperitoneal (ip) injection to pregnant mice from gestational days 6 to 16. The results showed that V2O4 produced maternal and embryo‐fetal toxicity and external abnormalities in the offspring, such as malrotated and malpositioned hind limbs, hematomas and head injuries. Moreover, the skeletons of the fetuses presented reduced ossification of the cranial bones, including the frontal and parietal bones, corresponding to head injuries observed in the external assessment of the fetuses. These results demonstrate that administration of V2O4 to pregnant females in the organogenesis period adversely affects embryonic development.
The Importance of Dyadic Classroom Conversations for Dual Language Learners
Authors: Jarquin Tapia Cecilia , Surrain Sarah , Curenton Stephanie M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article presents a case study of a dual‐language learner (DLL) preschooler in three classroom conversations: whole group, small DLL group, and a teacher–child dyadic conversation. By comparing the student's interactions across three contexts, the authors show how dyadic conversations between teachers and students can foster the oral language skills necessary for positive future literacy outcomes. In whole group, the DLL student was not actively engaged. He did not sing along with the class or take part in the ongoing conservations. The smaller DLL group lesson allowed the teacher to personalize the lesson and encourage the use of his home language. However, the dyadic conversation allowed for the greatest use of Spanish and codeswitching and was the setting where the student was seen to be most at ease. Dyadic conversations can help DLL students feel comfortable using English and their home language and should be encouraged in preschool classrooms.
The impact of armed conflicts on health‐care utilization in Northern Nigeria: A difference‐in‐differences analysis
Authors: Ojeleke Olabayo , Groot Wim , Bonuedi Isaac , Pavlova Milena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWomen and children suffer worse health outcomes during armed conflicts. For more than a decade, Northern Nigeria has been facing one of the most violent armed conflicts in sub‐Saharan Africa. Studies on the conflict's impact on healthcare utilization in the area are few. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of the protracted armed conflicts on healthcare utilization, measured by maternal care and child immunization, in Northern Nigeria. Data from the Armed Conflict Location and Events Data set are spatially merged to birth records from the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey. An area is classified to be a conflict cluster if it is within a 5–10 km radius of conflict event(s) with at least one fatality. The difference‐in‐differences method is applied to estimate the effect of the armed conflicts on healthcare utilization in the area. We find that residing within a conflict cluster significantly reduces the probability of utilization of healthcare services. We conclude that robust policies and strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of the armed conflicts on healthcare delivery are necessary for the short run. In the long run, systematic efforts to identify and address the root causes of the conflict with a view to finding a lasting solution are necessary to improve health‐care utilization in conflict‐affected areas.
Holography from the Wheeler-DeWitt equation
Authors: Chowdhury Chandramouli , Godet Victor , Papadoulaki Olga , Raju Suvrat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn a theory of quantum gravity, states can be represented as wavefunctionals that assign an amplitude to a given configuration of matter fields and the metric on a spatial slice. These wavefunctionals must obey a set of constraints as a consequence of the diffeomorphism invariance of the theory, the most important of which is known as the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We study these constraints perturbatively by expanding them to leading nontrivial order in Newton’s constant about a background AdS spacetime. We show that, even within perturbation theory, any wavefunctional that solves these constraints must have specific correlations between a component of the metric at infinity and energetic excitations of matter fields or transverse-traceless gravitons. These correlations disallow strictly localized excitations. We prove perturbatively that two states or two density matrices that coincide at the boundary for an infinitesimal interval of time must coincide everywhere in the bulk. This analysis establishes a perturbative version of holography for theories of gravity coupled to matter in AdS.
Exponential convergence rate of the harmonic heat flow
Authors: Slegers Ivo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe consider the harmonic heat flow for maps from a compact Riemannian manifold into a Riemannian manifold that is complete and of non-positive curvature. We prove that if the harmonic heat flow converges to a limiting harmonic map that is a non-degenerate critical point of the energy functional, then the rate of convergence is exponential (in the $$L^2$$

L
2

norm).
Effects of oligomer toxicity, fibril toxicity and fibril spreading in synucleinopathies
Authors: Cascella Roberta , Bigi Alessandra , Cremades Nunilo , Cecchi Cristina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProtein misfolding is a general hallmark of protein deposition diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease, in which different types of aggregated species (oligomers, protofibrils and fibrils) are generated by the cells. Despite widespread interest, the relationship between oligomers and fibrils in the aggregation process and spreading remains elusive. A large variety of experimental evidences supported the idea that soluble oligomeric species of different proteins might be more toxic than the larger fibrillar forms. Furthermore, the lack of correlation between the presence of the typical pathological inclusions and disease sustained this debate. However, recent data show that the β-sheet core of the α-Synuclein (αSyn) fibrils is unable to establish persistent interactions with the lipid bilayers, but they can release oligomeric species responsible for an immediate dysfunction of the recipient neurons. Reversibly, such oligomeric species could also contribute to pathogenesis via neuron-to-neuron spreading by their direct cell-to-cell transfer or by generating new fibrils, following their neuronal uptake. In this Review, we discuss the various mechanisms of cellular dysfunction caused by αSyn, including oligomer toxicity, fibril toxicity and fibril spreading.
Geschichtliche Entwicklung der rekonstruktiven Chirurgie in der Onkologie des HNO-Bereichs
Authors: Bootz Friedrich 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie rekonstruktive Chirurgie ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Tumorchirurgie des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs. Große ablative Tumorresektionen wurden bereits Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts durchgeführt, nachdem es möglich wurde, durch verbesserte Operationstechnik den intraoperativen Blutverlust zu reduzieren bzw. durch Transfusionen auszugleichen. Ein weiterer Meilenstein war die postoperative Infektprophylaxe durch die Einführung der Antibiotika. John Conley erkannte als einer der Pioniere der radikalen Tumorchirurgie die dringende Notwendigkeit rekonstruktiver Maßnahmen. Die Anfänge waren jedoch begleitet von funktionellen postoperativen Einschränkungen, die schließlich erst durch die Einführung des Deltopektoral- und des Pektoralis-major-Lappens verbessert werden konnten. Ein weiterer Schritt war die Einführung der mikrovaskulären Transplantate, die eine bessere, der Situation angepasste Rekonstruktion erlaubte. Anfangs waren jedoch die Komplikationsraten aufgrund mangelnder Technik der Anastomosierung kleiner Gefäße und unzureichender Instrumente sehr hoch. Daher konnte sich diese Methode nur schleppend durchsetzen. Die Techniken der Lappenentnahme und der Mikrogefäßanastomose entwickelten sich jedoch weiter, sodass die mikrovaskuläre Gewebetransplantation zu einer zuverlässigen Methode wurde, die heute zum Standardrepertoire der rekonstruktiven Chirurgie gehört.
Defect prediction for assembled products: a novel model based on the structural complexity paradigm
Authors: Verna Elisa , Genta Gianfranco , Galetto Maurizio , Franceschini Fiorenzo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIncreased assembly complexity is one of the main challenges in manufacturing as it can induce an increase in time, cost, and defects. Several approaches have been proposed in the literature to predict product defects using assembly complexity as a predictor. However, most of these are not directly applicable because they rely on experts’ prior subjective knowledge and are designed for specific industrial applications. To overcome this issue, the present research proposes a novel approach to predict product defects from a purely objective assessment of product complexity, without the need for expert evaluations and assembly experience. A recent conceptual paradigm of complexity that considers only structural properties of assembly parts and their architectural structure is adopted in the proposed approach. The novel model is applied to a real assembly process in the electromechanical field and is compared with one of the most accredited in the literature, i.e., the Shibata–Su model. Empirical results show that, despite the super-linear relationship between defect rates and complexity in both models, the objective approach used in the novel model leads to more accurate and precise predictions of defectiveness rates, as it does not include the variability introduced by expert subjective assessments. Adopting this novel model can effectively improve the estimate of product defects and support designers’ decisions for assembly quality-oriented design and optimization, especially in early design phases.
HV-LSC-ex$$^2$$: velocity field interpolation using extended least-squares collocation
Authors: Steffen Rebekka , Legrand Juliette , Ågren Jonas , Steffen Holger , Lidberg Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLeast-squares collocation (LSC) is a widely used method applied in physical geodesy to separate observations into a signal and noise part but has received only little attention when interpolating velocity fields. The advantage of the LSC is the possibility to filter and interpolate as well as extrapolate the observations. Here, we will present several extensions to the traditional LSC technique, which allows the combined interpolation of both horizontal velocity components (horizontal velocity (HV)-LSC), the separation of velocity observations on different tectonic plates, and the removal of stationarity by moving variance (the latter as HV-LSC-ex(tended)$$^2$$

2

). Furthermore, the covariance analysis, which is required to find necessary input parameters for the LSC, is extended by finding a suitable variance and correlation length using both horizontal velocity components at the same time. The traditional LSC and all extensions are tested on a synthetic dataset to find the signal at known as well as newly defined points, with stations separated on four different plates with distinct plate velocities. The methodologies are evaluated by calculation of a misfit to the input data, and implementation of a leave-one-out cross-validation and a Jackknife resampling. The largest improvement in terms of reduced misfit and stability of the interpolation can be obtained when plate boundaries are considered. In addition, any small-scale changes can be filtered out using the moving-variance approach and a smoother velocity field is obtained. In comparison with interpolation using the Kriging method, the fit is better using the new HV-LSC-ex$$^2$$

2

technique.
Vergleichende Untersuchungen zu Todesart und Todesursache bei Pflegeheim- und Nicht-Pflegeheimbewohnern
Authors: Schulten Phillip , Walz Cleo , Schwarz Clara-Sophie , Germerott Tanja 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Qualität der ärztlichen Leichenschau wird häufig diskutiert. Gerade bei älteren Verstorbenen erschweren Multimorbidität oder fehlende Informationen zur Krankenvorgeschichte die Benennung der Todesursache. Es wurde ausgewertet, ob bei Pflegeheim- und Nicht-Pflegeheimbewohnern Unterschiede im Hinblick auf die Attestierung der Todesart und -ursache sowie Anordnung einer Obduktion bestehen.

Material und Methode
Retrospektiv wurden aus rechtsmedizinischen Fallakten die Angaben zu Todesart und -ursache auf den Todesbescheinigungen mit den Ergebnissen der im Zeitraum von 2007 bis 2018 durchgeführten Obduktionen bei über 60-jährigen Verstorbenen verglichen. Ferner wurden die Gründe für die Anordnung einer Obduktion ausgewertet. Das Kollektiv wurde in die Gruppen Pflegeheimbewohner und Nicht-Pflegeheimbewohner unterteilt.

Ergebnisse
Ausgewertet wurden 2278 Fallakten (11,3 % Pflegeheimbewohner, 88,7 % Nicht-Pflegeheimbewohner). Bei Pflegeheimbewohnern bedurften v. a. Sturzereignisse (54,4 %) der rechtsmedizinischen Abklärung, bei Nicht-Pflegeheimbewohnern ärztliche Interventionen und Verletzungen (jeweils ca. 35 %). Die Todesart auf der Todesbescheinigung stimmte bei 69,8 % der Pflegeheimbewohner und bei 73,0 % der Nicht-Pflegeheimbewohner mit dem Obduktionsergebnis überein. Bei 14,1 % der Pflegeheimbewohner und 25,4 % der Nicht-Pflegeheimbewohner wurde autoptisch statt einer natürlichen eine nichtnatürliche Todesart festgestellt. Die Übereinstimmung der Todesursache lag bei Pflegeheimbewohnern bei 66,0 %, bei Nicht-Pflegeheimbewohnern bei 73,1 %.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Leichenschau sollte auch bei älteren Verstorbenen, insbesondere Pflegeheimbewohnern, kritisch erfolgen, und es sollte häufiger eine Obduktion zur Klärung der Todesart und -ursache angestrebt werden.
Arsenic 3 methyltransferase (AS3MT) automethylates on cysteine residues in vitro
Authors: Mersaoui Sofiane Y. , Guilbert Cynthia , Chou Hsiang , Douillet Christelle , Bohle D. Scott , Stýblo Miroslav , Richard Stéphane , Mann Koren K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArsenic toxicity is a global concern to human health causing increased incidences of cancer, bronchopulmonary, and cardiovascular diseases. In human and mouse, inorganic arsenic (iAs) is metabolized in a series of methylation steps catalyzed by arsenic (3) methyltransferase (AS3MT), forming methylated arsenite (MAsIII), dimethylarsenite (DMAIII) and the volatile trimethylarsine (TMA). The methylation of arsenic is coordinated by four conserved cysteines proposed to participate in catalysis, namely C33, C62, C157, and C207 in mouse AS3MT. The current model consists of AS3MT methylating iAs in the presence of the cofactor S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), and the formation of intramolecular disulfide bonds following the reduction of MAsV to MAsIII. In the presence of endogenous reductants, these disulfide bonds are reduced, the enzyme re-generates, and the second round of methylation ensues. Using in vitro methylation assays, we find that AS3MT undergoes an initial automethylation step in the absence of iAs. This automethylation is enhanced by glutathione (GSH) and dithiothreitol (DTT), suggesting that reduced cysteines accept methyl groups from SAM to form S-methylcysteines. Following the addition of iAs, automethylation of AS3MT is decreased. Furthermore, using a Flag-AS3MT immunoprecipitation coupled to MS/MS, we identify both C33 and C62 as acceptors of the methyl group in vivo. Site-directed mutagenesis (C to A) revealed that three of the previously described cysteines were required for AS3MT automethylation. In vitro experiments show that automethylated AS3MT can methylate iAs in the presence of SAM. Thus, we propose that automethylated may represent an active conformation of AS3MT.
Adaptation and Exaptation: From Small Molecules to Feathers
Authors: Frenkel-Pinter Moran , Petrov Anton S. , Matange Kavita , Travisano Michael , Glass Jennifer B. , Williams Loren Dean 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEvolution works by adaptation and exaptation. At an organismal level, exaptation and adaptation are seen in the formation of organelles and the advent of multicellularity. At the sub-organismal level, molecular systems such as proteins and RNAs readily undergo adaptation and exaptation. Here we suggest that the concepts of adaptation and exaptation are universal, synergistic, and recursive and apply to small molecules such as metabolites, cofactors, and the building blocks of extant polymers. For example, adenosine has been extensively adapted and exapted throughout biological evolution. Chemical variants of adenosine that are products of adaptation include 2′ deoxyadenosine in DNA and a wide array of modified forms in mRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, and viral RNAs. Adenosine and its variants have been extensively exapted for various functions, including informational polymers (RNA, DNA), energy storage (ATP), metabolism (e.g., coenzyme A), and signaling (cyclic AMP). According to Gould, Vrba, and Darwin, exaptation imposes a general constraint on interpretation of history and origins; because of exaptation, extant function should not be used to explain evolutionary history. While this notion is accepted in evolutionary biology, it can also guide the study of the chemical origins of life. We propose that (i) evolutionary theory is broadly applicable from the dawn of life to the present time from molecules to organisms, (ii) exaptation and adaptation were important and simultaneous processes, and (iii) robust origin of life models can be constructed without conflating extant utility with historical basis of origins.
Kinetic Equation for Soliton Gas: Integrable Reductions
Authors: Ferapontov E.V. , Pavlov M. V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMacroscopic dynamics of soliton gases can be analytically described by the thermodynamic limit of the Whitham equations, yielding an integro-differential kinetic equation for the density of states. Under a delta-functional ansatz, the kinetic equation for soliton gas reduces to a non-diagonalisable system of hydrodynamic type whose matrix consists of several $$2\times 2$$

2
×
2

Jordan blocks. Here we demonstrate the integrability of this system by showing that it possesses a hierarchy of commuting hydrodynamic flows and can be solved by an extension of the generalised hodograph method. Our approach is a generalisation of Tsarev’s theory of diagonalisable systems of hydrodynamic type to quasilinear systems with non-trivial Jordan block structure.