bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Farmers' Adoption Level of Climate Change Adaptation Practices in the Southern Parts of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Philip H. , Paramasivam Sivaraj , Thulasiram R. , Vivekanathapatmanaban G. , Manivannan N. 
Published: July 2022

Climate change is a global hazard to the world's food and nutritional security. As greenhouse-gas emissions in the atmosphere rise, so does the temperature due to the greenhouse effect. The average world temperature is steadily rising and is expected to climb by 2 degrees Celsius by 2100, resulting in significant global economic losses. Climate variability in the form of temperature and precipitation may impact on agricultural production and productivity. The study was conducted in the wetland, dryland, and garden land farming systems of the Tamil Nadu districts of Madurai and Sivagangai with a sample size of 120 farmers. Descriptive statistics were used in this study. For compare all three systems; a simple percentage analysis was performed. The majority of respondents in the wetland (65.00%), dryland (70.00%), and garden land (75.00%) farming reported a medium level of climate change adaptations. Cropping system diversification includes mixed cropping (65.00%), intercropping (36.66%), perennial and tree crop agriculture (30.00%), and fallow cropping (25.8%). Summer ploughing (36.67%) and micro-irrigation systems (34.17%) were among the water conservation strategies used by nearly one-third of those polled. The majority of respondents (85.00%) were rearing cattle followed by working as a r worker (off-farm activities) (56.67%) in the local industry is the second most common income diversification activity done by farmers.Government and agencies must play an important role in improving farmers' adaptive capacity by disseminating agrometeorological data and tools, conducting vulnerability assessments, and providing policy advice to strengthen institutional approaches to disaster risk reduction so that farmers can respond to the immediate risks of climate change and make the best use of climate variability.
The effect of General Anesthesia Versus Spinal Anesthesia in Restoration of Gastrointestinal Motility after Cesarean Section
Authors: Wally Naglaa Fathy , Khayat Ahmed Mahmoud El , Elgebaly Ahmed Saeid , Ahwal Lamiaa Mohamed El 
Published: July 2022

Background: Cesarean section is the delivery of a foetus through an open abdominal incision (laparotomy) and a uterine incision (hysterotomy). One of the most common postoperative complications is a dynamic paralysis (ileus) that must be minimized due to its serious consequences including delayed enteral feeding resulting in patient discomfort, prolonged hospitalization and increased health care costs. The pathophysiology of postoperative ileus is multifactorial. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of general versus spinal anesthesia in regain of the intestinal motility after elective cesarean section.
Methods: This randomized clinical study was conducted on 150 pregnant women aged from18 to 35 years, who were set for elective caesarean section under either general or spinal anesthesia, attending to the Obstetrics and Gynecology department from August 2020 to October 2021. The participants were subdivided into 2 equal groups, group I included women delivered by using general anesthesia and group II included women delivered by using spinal anesthesia.
Results: Shows 1st intestinal, 1st passage flatus, 1st passage motion and hospital stay were significantly increased among general group than the spinal group (P = 0.001*).
Conclusions: Spinal anesthesia results in a quicker return of bowel activity after cesarean section than general anesthesia with difference and spinal anesthesia results in a quicker return to home as it decreases the length of hospital stay with significant difference between both groups.
Telemedicine-the Most Convenient Method to Deal with Mental Health during the Pandemic-apollo Telehealth’s Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Ali Mubasheer , Sheikh Tabassum , Nazneen Ayesha , Thaploo Vikram 
Published: July 2022

Aims: This descriptive study aims to understand the positive impact created by tele counselling services on patients’ mental health during the COVID pandemic.
Study Design: Qualitative Descriptive study.
Place and Duration of Study: Medical Response Center, Apollo Telehealth.
Methodology: The sample consisted of 496 patients (194 Female, 301 male) who called the helpline number to seek psychological counselling over the period of 1 year 7 months (January 2020 to July 2021). The inclusion criteria included clients who had completed the counselling session successfully, Clients between 10 years and above, and Clients who availed the psychological counselling sessions.Clients below 9 years of age and Clients who are not enrolled as corporate beneficiaries of Apollo Telehealth were excluded from the research study.
Results: The majority of utilization was observed in the 18 states captured are Maharashtra (32%) followed by Karnataka (14%), Punjab (9%), Telangana (8%), Delhi (5%). It was also observed that 4% of our clients were slightly cautious about disclosing the state they were calling from however completed the session with us. The majority of clients (61%) were men aged between 30-39 years, married (65%).
86% seeked help for their self-issues and 14% called for support and guidance for their family and friends. Clients approached primarily for (37%) emotional issues followed by Interpersonal issues (22%).
Conclusion: The study findings support the continued use of telehealth services offered by mental health providers and organizations, as respondents indicated a desire to use these services as it was found to be more useful and helpful in dealing with their mental health issues and conditions during the pandemic. In summary, the results demonstrate a large shift in telehealth use and provide an encouraging outlook for the use of tele counselling and tele mental health services after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Energy‐Controllable Exciton‐Polariton Bose–Einstein Condensation in Perovskite Microstrip Cavities
Authors: Ren Ang , Tang Ji , Jiang Zhengjun , Yan Yongli , Yao Jiannian , Zhao Yong Sheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractManipulating exciton‐polaritons (EPs) to condense into different energy states is critically important for the development of polariton‐related fundamental mechanisms and functional devices. Although various schemes are proposed for this purpose, exploiting tunable traps originating from the structure itself suffers from concomitant nonradiative recombination and dephasing effects, which limits the investigation of polariton physics and hinders their application in polaritonic devices. Here, a strategy to achieve energy‐controllable EP Bose–Einstein condensation in rationally designed low‐dimensional perovskite microcavities based on the lateral confinement and ballistic propagation of polariton condensates is demonstrated. Perovskite single‐crystal microstrips with finite lateral size provide multiple discrete polariton states. The distribution of polariton condensates among different energy states is effectively modulated by means of EP propagation in perovskite microstrips. With this new concept, stable polariton lasing with excellent wavelength‐switchability is realized. These results offer useful insight into using 1D polariton systems to construct all‐optical polaritonic circuit applications at room temperature.
Interpretable Machine Learning Models to Predict the Resistance of Breast Cancer Patients to Doxorubicin from Their microRNA Profiles
Authors: Ogunleye Adeolu Z. , Piyawajanusorn Chayanit , Gonçalves Anthony , Ghislat Ghita , Ballester Pedro J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDoxorubicin is a common treatment for breast cancer. However, not all patients respond to this drug, which sometimes causes life‐threatening side effects. Accurately anticipating doxorubicin‐resistant patients would therefore permit to spare them this risk while considering alternative treatments without delay. Stratifying patients based on molecular markers in their pretreatment tumors is a promising approach to advance toward this ambitious goal, but single‐gene gene markers such as HER2 expression have not shown to be sufficiently predictive. The recent availability of matched doxorubicin‐response and diverse molecular profiles across breast cancer patients permits now analysis at a much larger scale. 16 machine learning algorithms and 8 molecular profiles are systematically evaluated on the same cohort of patients. Only 2 of the 128 resulting models are substantially predictive, showing that they can be easily missed by a standard‐scale analysis. The best model is classification and regression tree (CART) nonlinearly combining 4 selected miRNA isoforms to predict doxorubicin response (median Matthew correlation coefficient (MCC) and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.56 and 0.80, respectively). By contrast, HER2 expression is significantly less predictive (median MCC and AUC of 0.14 and 0.57, respectively). As the predictive accuracy of this CART model increases with larger training sets, its update with future data should result in even better accuracy.
Unraveling the Stable Cathode Electrolyte Interface in all Solid‐State Thin‐Film Battery Operating at 5 V
Authors: Shimizu Ryosuke , Cheng Diyi , Weaver Jamie L. , Zhang Minghao , Lu Bingyu , Wynn Thomas A. , Burger Randall , Kim Min‐cheol , Zhu Guomin , Meng Ying Shirley 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpinel‐type LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) is one of the most promising 5 V‐class cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries that can achieve high energy density and low production costs. However, in liquid electrolyte cells, the high voltage causes continuous cell degradation through the oxidative decomposition of carbonate‐based liquid electrolytes. In contrast, some solid‐state electrolytes have a wide electrochemical stability range and can withstand the required oxidative potential. In this work, a thin‐film battery consisting of an LNMO cathode with a solid lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) electrolyte is tested and their interface before and after cycling is characterized. With Li metal as the anode, this system can deliver stable performance for 600 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency >99%. Neutron depth profiling indicates a slight overlithiated layer at the interface prior to cycling, a result that is consistent with the excess charge capacity measured during the first cycle. Cryogenic electron microscopy further reveals intimate contact between LNMO and LiPON without noticeable structure and chemical composition evolution after extended cycling, demonstrating the superior stability of LiPON against a high voltage cathode. Consequently, design guidelines are proposed for interface engineering that can accelerate the commercialization of a high voltage cell with solid or liquid electrolytes.
Japanese multicenter prospective study investigating laparoscopic surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer with evaluation of CRM and TME quality (PRODUCT trial)
Authors: Takemasa Ichiro , Hamabe Atsushi , Ito Masaaki , Matoba Shuichiro , Watanabe Jun , Hasegawa Suguru , Kotake Masanori , Inomata Masafumi , Ueda Kazuki , Uehara Kay , Sakamoto Kazuhiro , Ikeda Masataka , Hanai Tsunekazu , Konishi Tsuyoshi , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Nakano Daisuke , Yamagishi Shigeru , Okita Kenji , Ochiai Atsushi , Sakai Yoshiharu , Watanabe Masahiko ,   Japan Society of Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimIn Japan, we have not been able to validate the results of laparoscopic surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer using the universal index “circumferential resection margin (CRM).” Previously, we established a semi‐opened circular specimen processing method and validated its feasibility. In the PRODUCT trial, we aimed to assess CRM in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic rectal resection.MethodsThis was a multicenter, prospective, observational study. Eligible patients had histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma located at or below 12 cm above the anal verge with clinical stage II or III and were scheduled for laparoscopic or robotic surgery. The primary endpoint was pathological CRM. CRM ≤1 mm was defined as positive.ResultsA total of 303 patients operated on between August 2018 and January 2020 were included in the primary analysis. The number of patients with clinical stage II and III was 139 and 164, respectively. Upfront surgery was performed for 213 patients and neoadjuvant therapy for 90 patients. The median CRM was 4.0 mm (IQR, 2.1‐8.0 mm), and CRM was positive in 26 cases (8.6%). Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that a predicted CRM from the mesorectal fascia of ≤1 mm on MRI was the significant factor for positive CRM (P = .0012 and P = .0045, respectively).ConclusionThis study showed the quality of laparoscopic rectal resection based on the CRM in Japan. Preoperative MRI is recommended for locally advanced rectal cancer to prevent CRM positivity.
Detecting pathogenic deep intronic variants in Gitelman syndrome
Authors: Rossanti Rini , Horinouchi Tomoko , Sakakibara Nana , Yamamura Tomohiko , Nagano China , Ishiko Shinya , Aoto Yuya , Kondo Atsushi , Nagai Sadayuki , Awano Hiroyuki , Nagase Hiroaki , Matsuo Masafumi , Iijima Kazumoto , Nozu Kandai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare, autosomal recessive, salt‐losing tubulopathy caused by loss of function in the SLC12A3 gene (NM_000339.2), which encodes the natrium chloride cotransporter. The detection of homozygous or compound heterozygous SLC12A3 variants is expected in GS, but 18%–40% of patients with clinical GS carry only one mutant allele. Previous reports identified some pathogenic deep intronic variants in SLC12A3. Here, we report the screening of SLC12A3 deep intronic variants in 13 patients with suspected GS carrying one mutated SLC12A3 allele. Variant screening used the HaloPlex Target Enrichment System Kit capturing whole introns and the promotor region of SLC12A3, followed by SureCall variant analysis. Rare intronic variants (<1% frequency) were identified, and pathogenicity evaluated by the minigene system. Deep intronic variant screening detected seven rare SLC12A3 variants from six patients. Only one variant showed pathogenicity in the minigene system (c.602‐16G>A, intron 4) through activation of a cryptic acceptor site. No variants were detected in the promotor region. Deep intronic screening identified only one pathogenic variant in patients with suspected GS carrying monoallelic SLC12A3 variants. Our results suggest that deep intronic variants partially explain the cause of monoallelic variants in patients with GS.
Point‐of‐care ultrasound‐guided pericapsular nerve group block for superior pubic ramus fracture in the emergency department: A case report
Authors: Cripps Elinor , Fahey Alan , Snelling Peter James 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPelvic fragility fractures, such as pubic ramus fractures, are a common and painful condition in the elderly population. Despite this, there are few regional anaesthesia options available to effectively relieve pain in these fracture types and avoid potential side effects from opioid administration. This case report describes an elderly patient with a superior ramus fracture, who received effective pain relief with motor sparing, using a standard‐volume point‐of‐care ultrasound‐guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed in the emergency department. The standard‐volume PENG block performed by an emergency clinician appears to be a safe, effective and feasible regional anaesthesia technique for superior pubic ramus fracture, with the additional benefit of motor sparing that may potentially facilitate earlier mobilisation and discharge.
Motor performance, praxis, and social skills in autism spectrum disorder and developmental coordination disorder
Authors: Kilroy Emily , Ring Priscilla , Hossain Anusha , Nalbach Alexis , Butera Christiana , Harrison Laura , Jayashankar Aditya , Vigen Cheryl , Aziz‐Zadeh Lisa , Cermak Sharon A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPrevious research has shown that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) may have overlapping social and motor skill impairments. This study compares ASD, DCD, and typically developing (TD) youth on a range of social, praxis and motor skills, and investigates the relationship between these skills in each group. Data were collected on participants aged 8–17 (n = 33 ASD, n = 28 DCD, n = 35 TD). Overall, the clinical groups showed some similar patterns of social and motor impairments but diverged in praxis impairments, cognitive empathy, and Theory of Mind ability. When controlling for both social and motor performance impairments, the ASD group showed significantly lower accuracy on imitation of meaningful gestures and gesture to command, indicating a prominent deficit in these praxis skills in ASD.Lay SummaryIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have social and motor skill impairments to varying degrees. This study compares ASD, DCD, and typically developing (TD) youth on a range of social, praxis, and motor skills. ASD and DCD shared similar patterns of gross and fine motor skills, but differed in skills related to making gestures. Specifically, our results also suggest that ASD has a prominent deficit in gesture performance and meaningful imitation compared to TD and DCD groups.
Augmenting glycosylation‐directed folding pathways enhances the fidelity of HIV Env immunogen production in plants
Authors: Margolin Emmanuel , Allen Joel D. , Verbeek Matthew , Chapman Ros , Meyers Ann , van Diepen Michiel , Ximba Phindile , Motlou Thopisang , Moore Penny L. , Woodward Jeremy , Strasser Richard , Crispin Max , Williamson Anna‐Lise , Rybicki Edward P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHeterologous glycoprotein production relies on host glycosylation‐dependent folding. When the biosynthetic machinery differs from the usual expression host, there is scope to remodel the assembly pathway to enhance glycoprotein production. Here we explore the integration of chaperone coexpression with glyco‐engineering to improve the production of a model HIV‐1 envelope antigen. Calreticulin was coexpressed to support protein folding together with Leishmania major STT3D oligosaccharyltransferase, to improve glycan occupancy, RNA interference to suppress the formation of truncated glycans, and Nicotiana benthamiana plants lacking α1,3‐fucosyltransferase and β1,2‐xylosyltransferase was used as an expression host to prevent plant‐specific complex N‐glycans forming. This approach reduced the formation of undesired aggregates, which predominated in the absence of glyco‐engineering. The resulting antigen also exhibited increased glycan occupancy, albeit to a slightly lower level than the equivalent mammalian cell‐produced protein. The antigen was decorated almost exclusively with oligomannose glycans, which were less processed compared with the mammalian protein. Immunized rabbits developed comparable immune responses to the plant‐produced and mammalian cell‐derived antigens, including the induction of autologous neutralizing antibodies when the proteins were used to boost DNA and modified vaccinia Ankara virus‐vectored vaccines. This study demonstrates that engineering glycosylation‐directed folding offers a promising route to enhance the production of complex viral glycoproteins in plants.
Changes in the disease burden of breast cancer along with attributable risk factors in China from 1990 to 2019 and its projections: An analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Li Jie , Chen Cui , Nie Jinjin , Wang Lili , Zhang Zhen , Li Yuli 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the secular trends in breast cancer burden with attributable risk factors, and make projections over time, which would contribute to the control and prevention of breast cancer.MethodsWe extracted detailed data on breast cancer incident cases and age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR), deaths and age‐standardized mortality rate (ASMR), disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs), and age‐standardized DALYs rate (ASDR), as well as the attributable risk factors in China from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated to quantify the changing trends. The national DALYs attributable to Socio‐demographic Index (SDI) values were also presented. Projections to 2030 were estimated using the Bayesian age‐period‐cohort model.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the number of breast cancer incident cases increased fourfold to 375,484, with deaths and DALYs over doubling to 96.306 and 2,957,454, respectively. The ASIR (EAPC = 2.84; 95% CI, 2.74–2.95) and ASMR (EAPC = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.00–0.12) increased, while the ASDR decreased with the EAPC of −0.13 (95% CI, −0.19 to −0.06) at the same period. The ASDR varied across provincial regions, which appeared to be in a wave‐like upcurve with SDI values increasing. High body mass index became the first contribution to breast cancer DALYs for females in 2019, and alcohol use for males. Breast Cancer incident cases and deaths would increase to 587.7 and 125.6 thousand in 2030, of which there will be 577.1 and 122.7 thousand for females, and 10.6 and 2.9 thousand for males, respectively.ConclusionBreast cancer remains a major public health problem in China. The absolute burden has been increasing over time, and varied across sex and regions. To control the potential risk factors and develop specific strategies will help to reduce the disease burden.
Hybrid Flow Bioreactor with All Catalysts Immobilized for Enzymatic Electrosynthesis
Authors: El Housseini Wassim , Lapicque François , Pontvianne Steve , Vilà Neus , Mazurenko Ievgen , Walcarius Alain , Etienne Mathieu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical regeneration of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactor (NADH) was realized in a hybrid flow reactor coupling fuel cell technology and redox flow device, paying attention to the robust immobilization of all catalysts. The rhodium catalyst Rh(Cp✶)(bpy)Cl+ was covalently immobilized on a multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) layer and the association with the gas diffusion electrode was carefully optimized. High stability and activity of the electrochemical system were assessed by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry in the flow reactor. Afterwards, the optimal cofactor regeneration was applied to NADH‐dependent biosynthesis using immobilized lactate dehydrogenase for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate in the flow cell in the presence of cofactor concentration as low as 10 μM. 79 % Faradaic efficiency was achieved and remarkable total turnover number (TTN) were reached: 2500, 18000, and 180000, for NADH, Rh complex and L‐lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), respectively.