bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on Energy Security in the Russian Federation: A Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Golubeva A S , Pavlova E A , Volkov A R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the trends in global energy development in recent years has been the rapid growth of renewable energy sources, driven by new technologies. Large hydro power plants can be considered as traditional renewable energy sources. Among the new technologies, solar, wind, biomass and geothermal power generation have taken the lead. This paper is devoted to a comparative analysis of existing types of renewable energy sources in order to identify the most promising ones to ensure the implementation of the Doctrine of the Energy Security of the Russian Federation as a further development of the economy, taking into account global trends.
Neural network in a “sliding window” for power grids signals structural analysis
Authors: Andreev O N , Slavutskiy A L , Slavutskii L A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In electric power systems, intelligent electronic devices monitor the state of an energy facility in real time. The data for monitoring the quality of electricity at the intelligent electronic device is transmitted through current and voltage measuring transformers. The operating modes, when the power transformer is turned on under voltage, as well as in emergency modes, signal distortions occur in the transformer. This paper is concerned with simplest feed forward artificial neural network to estimate the parameters of a distorted signal. The neural network is used to estimate the parameters of the current signal in the secondary winding of the current measurement signal. It is shown that the error in determining the parameters of the current is a few percent. The neural network requires a short time to operate, which potentially allows the use of neural network algorithms in intelligent electronic devices to process current and voltage signals in real time.
Decentralized heat supply systems for industrial buildings using natural gas from the Arctic zone
Authors: Yu Mikhailova L , Kurilenko N I , Germanova T V , Shcherbakova E N 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe article discusses the issue of saving fuel resources, a significant reduction in the cost of maintaining and purchasing gas high-temperature sources of heat supply. The paper proposes for comparison a radiation heating system and a system with a water coolant, taking into account the design features of production shops. This assessment was carried out for an industrial facility to be located in Novy Urengoy, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia.
On the questions of supply of active gas raw materials in central Yakutia
Authors: Egorova T R , Sivtsev N A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of the reliability of the balance gas reserves of the Vilyui oil and gas region calculated by the volumetric method. Based on the analysis of the development of gas and gas condensate fields of the Predverkhoyansk and Vilyui oil and gas bearing regions, the low production capabilities of the depleted fields of the region are shown. It is concluded that the most reliable in the conditions of a complex geological structure of deposits is the assessment of gas reserves by the pressure drop method. The idea is formulated that for the fields of the Vilyui oil and gas bearing area, which have productive horizons with low initial gas saturation of reservoirs, the final gas recovery factors can be estimated at 0.55. The expediency of considering the issue of the special status of the Srednevilyui gas condensate field as a field with strategic gas reserves is noted.
Development of a set of technical and technological solutions for oil well injection
Authors: Shlein G A , Verisokin A E , Gunkina T A , Yu Verisokina A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article provides recommendations for the development and study of wells with jet devices, depending on the nature of the inflow after hydraulic fracturing. Existing solutions for well development and exploration do not allow getting rid of complications after hydraulic fracturing, such as active proppant removal from the bottomhole zone with overfilling of bottom holes and a decrease in well flow rates. The use of jet pumps of the design proposed in the work makes it possible to effectively develop wells, reduce the time for putting them into operation, conduct high-quality hydrodynamic studies and obtain filtration parameters of the formation. To develop recommendations for the development and study of wells, depending on the nature of the inflow after hydraulic fracturing, reports on the performance of work on the wells of the Russkaya area, Vostochno-Messoyakhskoye field, and Yamburgskaya area were studied. The pressure build-up curve was processed on each well under study. The data obtained were processed according to D. Horner’s method.
Patterns and Correlates of Polysubstance Use Among Individuals With Severe Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Stephenson Mallory , Aggen Steven H , Polak Kathryn , Svikis Dace S , Kendler Kenneth S , Edwards Alexis C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aim
The present study examined patterns and correlates of polysubstance use among individuals with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Methods
Participants were 2785 individuals (63% female; mean age = 43 years, range = 18–78 years) from the Genes, Addiction and Personality Study. All participants met lifetime criteria for severe AUD (6+ symptoms). We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of frequency of lifetime use for cigarettes, marijuana, cocaine, stimulants, sedatives, opioids and hallucinogens. A variety of demographic and behavioral correlates of latent class membership were tested in univariable and multivariable models.

Results
A five-class solution was selected: extended range polysubstance use (24.5%); cigarette and marijuana use (18.8%); ‘testers,’ characterized by high probabilities of smoking 100 or more cigarettes, using marijuana 6+ times, and trying the remaining substances 1–5 times (12.3%); moderate range polysubstance use (17.1%) and minimal use (reference class; 27.3%). In univariable analyses, all potential correlates were related to latent class membership. In the multivariable model, associations with gender, race/ethnicity, age of onset for alcohol problems, dimensions of impulsivity, depressive symptoms, antisocial behavior and family history density of alcohol problems remained significant, though the pattern and strength of associations differed across classes. For instance, sensation-seeking, lack of premeditation and family history were uniquely associated with membership in the extended range polysubstance use class.

Conclusion
Patterns of polysubstance use are differentially related to demographic and behavioral factors among individuals with severe AUD. Assessing use across multiple substances may inform the selection of targets for treatment and prevention.
Hybrid modelling of biological systems: current progress and future prospects
Authors: Liu Fei , Heiner Monika , Gilbert David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Integrated modelling of biological systems is becoming a necessity for constructing models containing the major biochemical processes of such systems in order to obtain a holistic understanding of their dynamics and to elucidate emergent behaviours. Hybrid modelling methods are crucial to achieve integrated modelling of biological systems. This paper reviews currently popular hybrid modelling methods, developed for systems biology, mainly revealing why they are proposed, how they are formed from single modelling formalisms and how to simulate them. By doing this, we identify future research requirements regarding hybrid approaches for further promoting integrated modelling of biological systems.
A flexible parametric accelerated failure time model and the extension to time-dependent acceleration factors
Authors: Crowther Michael J , Royston Patrick , Clements Mark 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Accelerated failure time (AFT) models are used widely in medical research, though to a much lesser extent than proportional hazards models. In an AFT model, the effect of covariates act to accelerate or decelerate the time to event of interest, that is, shorten or extend the time to event. Commonly used parametric AFT models are limited in the underlying shapes that they can capture. In this article, we propose a general parametric AFT model, and in particular concentrate on using restricted cubic splines to model the baseline to provide substantial flexibility. We then extend the model to accommodate time-dependent acceleration factors. Delayed entry is also allowed, and hence, time-dependent covariates. We evaluate the proposed model through simulation, showing substantial improvements compared to standard parametric AFT models. We also show analytically and through simulations that the AFT models are collapsible, suggesting that this model class will be well suited to causal inference. We illustrate the methods with a data set of patients with breast cancer. Finally, we provide highly efficient, user-friendly Stata, and R software packages.
Single-cell technologies to decipher cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Abplanalp Wesley Tyler , Tucker Nathan , Dimmeler Stefanie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. A deeper understanding of the multicellular composition and molecular processes may help to identify novel therapeutic strategies. Single-cell technologies such as single-cell or single-nuclei RNA sequencing provide expression profiles of individual cells and allow for dissection of heterogeneity in tissue during health and disease. This review will summarize (i) how these novel technologies have become critical for delineating mechanistic drivers of cardiovascular disease, particularly, in humans and (ii) how they might serve as diagnostic tools for risk stratification or individualized therapy. The review will further discuss technical pitfalls and provide an overview of publicly available human and mouse data sets that can be used as a resource for research.
Mass transfer between fluids as a mechanism for seismic wave attenuation: experimental evidence from water–CO2 saturated sandstones
Authors: Chapman Samuel , Borgomano Jan V M , Quintal Beatriz , Benson Sally M , Fortin Jerome 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARY
Seismic waves are typically assumed to propagate fast enough through a porous rock saturated with multiple fluid phases such that the interaction between the fluids can be considered adiabatic, or thermodynamically unrelaxed. However, at low gas saturations and when the gas is present in the form of microscopic bubbles the fluid mixture may in fact be thermodynamically relaxed at seismic frequencies. The effective fluid is then significantly more compressible. A transition from a thermodynamically relaxed to unrelaxed state of the fluids will be accompanied by frequency dependent attenuation of the wave in response to heat and/or mass transfer. We conducted experiments on two partially saturated sandstone samples to measure frequency dependent attenuation and modulus dispersion at seismic frequencies (&lt;1000 Hz). For CO2 saturations of 0.1–0.2 per cent we observe significant attenuation and dispersion in the bulk and shear modulus, with an attenuation peak at ∼100 Hz. The bulk modulus was significantly lower than the prediction by Gassmann–Wood fluid substitution, which assumes that the fluids are thermodynamically unrelaxed. Numerical simulations in poroelastic media further indicate that a partially drained boundary condition does not adequately explain the observed attenuation and dispersion, particularly in the shear modulus. Numerical simulations at the microscopic scale support the notion that pore-scale heterogeneities could explain the observed shear attenuation and dispersion, since an external shear deformation can cause local compressions of the pore space. The observed attenuation and dispersion are interpreted to be predominantly due to a transition from a thermodynamically relaxed to unrelaxed state of the saturating fluids.
Crimes of Passion and Psychiatry in Early Twentieth-Century Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Meyer Manuella 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article examines how early twentieth-century crime of passion trials constructed medical insanity and criminal responsibility by litigating varied interpretations of masculine decision making. Specifically, it looks at how defense lawyers used and applied psychiatric knowledge to their clients’ benefit and how psychiatrists, in turn, (re)asserted control over that knowledge by condemning its misuse. The way that these medico-legal narratives played out in the courtroom during crime of passion trials, and in the public discourses that surrounded them, ultimately brought a smoldering competition between distinct understandings of modern masculinity into sharp focus.
On Distributive Justice by Antitrust: The Robin Hood Cartel
Authors: Schinkel Maarten Pieter 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Equity concerns in antitrust could justify market power in return for a fairer allocation by weighing the consumer welfare of certain disadvantaged groups more heavily. A simple example of an equity-justified agreement illustrates how seeking distributive justice through relaxed antitrust enforcement is ineffective and inefficient. Permitting competitors to jointly set prices gives them the power to price discriminate, which they could use to redistribute wealth by overcharging the rich and giving lower than competitive prices to the poor. Provided society values redistribution enough, such a ‘Robin Hood cartel’ is profitable, despite losing money on the poor and creating deadweight losses. Yet the poor will be given only what is minimally required in return for permission to take from the rich. Without conditions, the joint-profit maximizing wealth redistribution is nothing more than alms for the poor. They receive more under a full-payout plan, but total deadweight losses remain high. In essence, assigning a larger relative consumer welfare weight to the poor discounts the inefficiencies on the rich.
Association of Hypocalcemia With Mortality of Combat Casualties With Brain Injury and Polytrauma Transported by Critical Care Air Transport Teams
Authors: Davis William T , Ng Patrick C , Medellin Kimberly L , Cutright Julie E , Araña Allyson A , Strilka Richard J , Sorensen Derek M , Maddry Joseph K 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Hypocalcemia at hospital presentation is associated with increased mortality in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock. The 2019 updates to the Joint Trauma System Damage Control Resuscitation (DCR) Clinical Practice Guideline recommend calcium supplementation for ionized calcium (iCa) measurements &lt;1.2 mmol/L. Ionized calcium goals for en route critical care (ERCC) following DCR are less defined, and the impact of in-flight hypocalcemia events among critically injured combat wounded is unknown. This study aimed to describe the association between hypocalcemia and mortality for combat-wounded with brain injury and polytrauma requiring transport by Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATT).

Methods
We performed a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort of patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury transported by CCATT out of combat theater between January 2007 and May 2014. Additional inclusion criteria included polytrauma and at least one documented in-flight iCa measurement. We categorized exposures based on the minimum in-flight iCa measurement as severe hypocalcemia (iCa &lt;0.9 mmol/L), hypocalcemia (iCa 0.9-1.11 mmol/L), and never hypocalcemic (iCa ≥1.12 mmol/L). The primary outcome measure was mortality. We calculated descriptive statistics and performed multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between hypocalcemia and mortality.

Results
We analyzed 190 subjects, with a median age of 24 years (interquartile range [IQR] 21 to 29 years) and 97.7% male gender. Explosive injuries (82.1%) and gunshot wounds (6.3%) were the most common mechanisms of injury. The median injury severity score was 34 (IQR 27 to 43). During the flight, 11.6% of patients had severe hypocalcemia, and 39.5% had hypocalcemia. Among patients with any hypocalcemia measurement in-flight (n = 97), 41.2% had hypocalcemia on pre-flight iCa, 28.9% received blood products in-flight, and 23.7% received in-flight calcium supplementation. Only 32.4% of patients with hypocalcemia or severe hypocalcemia in the setting of vasopressor administration received in-flight calcium supplementation. There was no significant difference in mortality between severe hypocalcemia (9.1%), hypocalcemia (5.3%), and never hypocalcemic (3.2%) patients even after controlling for pre-flight variables.

Conclusion
In-flight hypocalcemia events were common among critically ill combat-wounded polytrauma patients transported by CCATT but were not associated with differences in mortality. Future training should emphasize the need for calcium correction among ERCC patients requiring vasopressors. Future studies with larger sample sizes of patients receiving ERCC are needed to assess the association between in-flight calcium supplementation with clinical outcomes.
Effect of copper on the antifungal activity of disulfiram (Antabuse®) in fluconazole-resistant Candida strains
Authors: Shanholtzer Claire N , Rice Cameron , Watson Katherine , Carreon Hannah , Long Timothy E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Disulfiram (Antabuse®) is an alcohol use disorder medication that exhibits antifungal activity against Candida species. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if copper potentiates the antifungal effects of disulfiram based on prior observations that the combination demonstrates increased antitumor activity. Our findings revealed that copper addition conferred up to an eight-fold reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of disulfiram by broth microdilution assessment. Unexpectedly, copper was also found to nullify the fungicidal activity of disulfiram despite the significant reduction in MICs. It was therefore concluded that copper likely increased the antifungal potency of disulfiram through formation of a fungistatic chelation complex.

Lay summary
The effect of copper on the antifungal activity of disulfiram was evaluated against fluconazole-resistant Candida species. The study establishes that copper addition confers greater inhibition of disulfiram-treated Candida cultures, but the combination antagonizes the killing effects of disulfiram.
The cosmic evolution of binary black holes in young, globular, and nuclear star clusters: rates, masses, spins, and mixing fractions
Authors: Mapelli Michela , Bouffanais Yann , Santoliquido Filippo , Arca Sedda Manuel , Artale M Celeste 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
The growing population of binary black holes (BBHs) observed by gravitational wave (GW) detectors is a potential Rosetta stone for understanding their formation channels. Here, we use an upgraded version of our semi-analytical codes fastcluster and cosmo$\mathcal {R}$ate to investigate the cosmic evolution of four different BBH populations: isolated BBHs and dynamically formed BBHs in nuclear star clusters (NSCs), globular clusters (GCs), and young star clusters (YSCs). With our approach, we can study different channels assuming the same stellar and binary input physics. We find that the merger rate density of BBHs in GCs and NSCs is barely affected by stellar metallicity (Z), while the rate of isolated BBHs changes wildly with Z. BBHs in YSCs behave in an intermediate way between isolated and GC/NSC BBHs. The local merger rate density of Nth-generation black holes (BHs), obtained by summing up hierarchical mergers in GCs, NSCs, and YSCs, ranges from ∼1 to ∼4 Gpc−3 yr−1 and is mostly sensitive to the spin parameter. We find that the mass function of primary BHs evolves with redshift in GCs and NSCs, becoming more top-heavy at higher z. In contrast, the primary BH mass function almost does not change with redshift in YSCs and in the field. This signature of the BH mass function has relevant implications for Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer. Finally, our analysis suggests that multiple channels contribute to the BBH population of the second GW transient catalogue.
Genesis of morpho-kinematic lopsidedness in minor merger of galaxies
Authors: Ghosh Soumavo , Saha Kanak , Jog Chanda J , Combes Francoise , Di Matteo Paola 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
An m = 1 lopsided asymmetry is common in disc galaxies. Here, we investigate the excitation of an m = 1 lopsidedness in host galaxies during minor mergers while choosing a set of 1:10 merger models (with varying orbital configurations, morphology of the host galaxy) from the GalMer galaxy merger library. We show that a minor merger triggers a prominent m = 1 lopsidedness in stars of the host galaxy. The strength of the m = 1 lopsidedness undergoes a transient amplification phase after each pericenter passage of the satellite, in concordance with past findings of exciting an m = 1 lopsidedness by tidal encounters. However, once the merger happens, and the post-merger remnant readjusts itself, the lopsidedness disappears in short time-scale (∼ 500 − 850 ${{\rm Myr}}$). Furthermore, a delayed merger can drive a prolonged (∼2 ${\rm Gyr}$) lopsidedness in the host galaxy. We demonstrate that the m = 1 lopsidedness rotates with a well-defined pattern speed which is much slower than the m = 2 bar pattern speed, and is retrograde with respect to the bar. This gives rise to a dynamical scenario where the Inner Lindblad resonance of the m = 1 lopsidedness falls in between the corotation and the Outer Lindblad resonance of the m = 2 bar mode. A kinematic lopsidedness also arises in the host galaxy; the resulting temporal variation closely follows that of the density lopsidedness. The minor merger also triggers a transient off-centred stellar disc-dark matter halo configuration due to the tidal encounter with the satellite.
KaRMMa– kappa reconstruction for mass mapping
Authors: Fiedorowicz Pier , Rozo Eduardo , Boruah Supranta S , Chang Chihway , Gatti Marco 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTWe present KaRMMa, a novel method for performing mass map reconstruction from weak-lensing surveys. We employ a fully Bayesian approach with a physically motivated lognormal prior to sample from the posterior distribution of convergence maps. We test KaRMMa on a suite of dark matter N-body simulations with simulated DES Y1-like shear observations. We show that KaRMMa outperforms the basic Kaiser–Squires mass map reconstruction in two key ways: (1) our best map point estimate has lower residuals compared to Kaiser–Squires; and (2) unlike the Kaiser–Squires reconstruction, the posterior distribution of KaRMMa maps is nearly unbiased in all summary statistics we considered, namely: one-point and two-point functions, and peak/void counts. In particular, KaRMMa successfully captures the non-Gaussian nature of the distribution of κ values in the simulated maps. We further demonstrate that the KaRMMa posteriors correctly characterize the uncertainty in all summary statistics we considered.