bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transmission lines comparison: case of the actual three-phase against a potential nine-phase systems
Authors: Pouabe Eboule P S , Pretorius JHC , Mbuli N 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The importance of power systems in our daily life is no longer needed to be demonstrated and the companies that practice in this field are among the largest in the world. Today, all these companies would like to transmit more electricity to consumers but are sometimes forced to build several lines in parallel with the main transmission line. Using this solution is not without impact for biodiversity and this way of doing has some limitations. This study compares the results obtained from four different types of transmission lines in order to optimize power transfer. Those lines are characterized by their power transmitted and their number of phase as well as their length. Lines 1 and Line 2 have 120 km length and carry 400 kV respectively in three-phase system for line 1 and in nine-phase system for line 2 while lines 3 and 4 have 600 km length and carry 750 kV respectively in three-phase system for line 3 and nine-phase system for line 4. Results show that the increase in the number of phases could help supplying up to eight and six times respectively for short and long transmission lines more load connected to the grid.
Surface Waviness Evaluation of Two Different Types of Material of a Multi-Purpose Hall Using Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS)
Authors: Neza I , Mohamed M I , Syafuan W M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The construction industry is rapidly integrating current technology and new construction techniques to increase productivity and efficiency in construction operations. Quality control and progress tracking are labour-intensive and time-consuming operations. Several surface waviness assessment methods have been created to alleviate the drawbacks of one assessment method over the other, focusing on measuring the quality of concrete slabs. Current methods of assessing waviness using one-dimensional (1D) survey lines produce inaccurate results and are prone to mistake. It does not reflect the actual condition of the entire floor concerning waviness. Two objectives of this study are to 1) evaluate the feasibility of using Terrestrial Laser Scanner for surface waviness assessment using slope analysis of different types of material and 2) propose a valuate pattern and image for different slope surface analyses. Leica RTC 360 laser scanner was used to scan the floor of the Multi-purpose Hall. The plan image of the floor slab and one of the 3D point clouds were recorded. Slope analysis shows a consistent pattern of slope distribution for floors with tiles. This is because the tile used concrete screed during installation to have a smooth surface during construction. The distribution of slope analysis of tile surface mostly between 0 to 0.0625% while the slope analysis slope variation of laminated floor between 0% - 0.5%. The distribution shows that floor variation with the laminated wood surface is high, especially between 0 to 0.5%. From the result obtained, this method has the benefit of combining rich 3D data from TLS for fast and reliable surface waviness assessment during construction. This technology has massive potential in the construction sector because of its capacity to record as-built conditions consistently, fast, and accurately.
A study on monitoring the hydration process of glasscrete using electromechanical impedance technique
Authors: Choi M H M , Tang Z S , Vasquez Padilla R , Lim Y Y , Mostafa A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Glass has been suggested as a viable material to replace aggregates in concrete to maintain sustainable development for the future. However, a concern is raised about the cementitious reaction with glass that could cause concrete spalling and loss of strength. Therefore, monitoring the concrete hydration process and the structural health throughout its service life is essential. In this study, the hydration process of lab-scale glasscrete prisms is monitored using the electromechanical impedance (EMI) technique. This technique employs one piezoelectric-based transducer that encases a material called Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) to operate as an actuator and senor. The experimental result shows that the embedded transducer is an effective means to monitor the glasscrete hydration process. The acquired admittance signature was able to capture the strength development during the glasscrete hydration period via interpreting the PZT and structural resonance peaks
The implementation of inclusive design for public buildings in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
Authors: Julius J , Gungat L , Tukiman I 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Inclusive design is a main aspect in designing public buildings. Lack of accessibilities (ramp entrance, task lighting, lever door handles and etc.) as part of inclusive design methodology in public buildings used by the people for any purpose, such as, education, entertainment, worship or assembly has decreased a quality of international standard building design which directly has effected end user’s lifestyle, time and money. As the demand to equip our public building with inclusive design facilities has increased due to rapid population growth. Hence, this research paper presents the inclusive design implementation in the existing public buildings in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah which includes identification of design barriers and challenges for persons with disabilities (PWDs), children, elders and caretakers. In summary, this study identified the lack of inclusive design elements for buildings built in the 1980s, where the enactment of the Persons with Disabilities Act 2008 was only enforced on July 7, 2008. Therefore, these buildings improvement will keep people’s diversity and uniqueness by experts proper planning based on experience and feedback which can be found in buildings built in the 2009 and later.
The efficiency of sewage treatment plant: A case study at the main campus of Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS)
Authors: Bolong N. , Sabli M. Q. N. , Saad I. , Ali A. N. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The aquatic nature, including streams, rivers, marine, and groundwater, becomes susceptible to most contaminants’ effects through various pathways known as point and non-point sources. Point source pollution from inefficient sewage treatment plants (STP) will likely produce effluents that could deteriorate the environment. Therefore, this study assesses the efficiency of STP at Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) based on the Malaysian Sewerage Industry Guidelines (MSIG). The design parameters of the STP and its influent and effluent physicochemical parameters are evaluated and compared between usage peak time (lecture-week) and non-peak (semester-break) conditions. The measurement was based on the Standard Methods of Examination of Water and Wastewater. The permissible limits of influent and effluent from Malaysia Sewerage Industry Guidelines (MSIG) are referred. In contrast, the efficiency of the STP is calculated as the percentage reduction of pollutants. The findings revealed that the current STP’s design parameters complied with the MSIG standard. The suspended solids (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and grease (O&G) at influent during peak time is typically higher than during the non-peak time, albeit a timely sudden increase can be observed. The effluent quality is inconsistent but is still within permissible limits, except for O&G, which occasionally exceeds the allowable value. As for the BOD, a consistent 80% removal efficiency is observed. Hence the effluent reuse for agricultural purposed and landscape irrigation is proposed due to the environmental quality potential and reduction to direct released toward the receiving water streams.
Quantification and Characterisation of Microplastics in Fish and Surface Water at Melayu River, Johor
Authors: Primus A , Azman S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Microplastics are plastic particles (< 5 mm) found in the environment that can be ingested by animals and transferred up in the trophic level. The study was conducted through sample collection, digestion of gastrointestinal (GI) tracts of fish, density separation using NaCl, filtration, microscopy, and ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy. The amount of ingested microplastics by Melayu River fish samples was: Gray Eel-Catfish (3.92 ± 4.17 particles/individual) > Sagor Catfish (2.00 ± 1.41 particles/individual) > Spotted Sicklefish (2.00 ± 0.00 particles/individual). The trend of microplastics by month in water samples was Mar-20 (2.89 ± 1.36 particles/L) > Feb-20 (1.33 ± 1.00 particle/L) and Jan-20 (1.00 ± 0.87 particle/L). Microplastics were mostly in the class size 0 µm – 0.50 µm. In the fish samples, fibres were found to be dominant. In water samples, films were dominant. Ingestion of microplastics by colour was ranked as blue > black > red > yellow in fish samples whereas microplastics’ colour in water samples was ranked as blue > red > black > translucent > green. Therefore, it is concluded that the abundance of blue microplastics in fish samples was due to the common blue plastics used by the locals. The identified microplastics were of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethene (PE) origins.
Research on the influence of laser molten pool flow and evaporation on the bump texture forming of aluminum plate surface
Authors: Yang Xiping , Kuang Xin , Ji Jinghu , Fu Yonghong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
At present, the research of laser texture mainly focuses on the machining quality and its properties, but the forming mechanism of laser bump texture surfaces is relatively less studied. In this paper, a long pulse laser ablation model was established based on the laser molten pool flow and evaporation phenomena by numerical simulation. And the evolution mechanism of bump texture morphology on metal surface during laser irradiation time was studied. The results show that the bump texture morphology shows edge protrusions and central depressions, and in the cooling stage, under the action of surface tension, the concave and convex height will show a rebound phenomenon. At the same time, the influence of laser parameters on the morphology of laser bump texture was studied by experiments. By comparing the numerical simulation with the experimental results, it can be found that when the laser irradiation time is equal to 0.5 ms, the morphology obtained by numerical simulation is close to the experimental results. In addition, the differences of pressure field and velocity of vaporized metal gas at different time and under different laser power are compared. Finally, the plasma on the surface of aluminum during laser machining captured by a high-speed camera indirectly indicates that the evaporated metal gas ionizes and forms a stable plasma layer floating above the target material.
Surface oxidation of cobalt carbonate and oxide nanowires by electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline solution
Authors: Kim Kyung-Hwan , Choi Yun-Hyuk 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The electrocatalytic water electrolysis is the most eco-friendly technique for hydrogen generation, which is governed by the electrode reaction kinetics involving cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in common alkaline electrolytes. Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and related compounds are the most efficient OER catalysts, replacing the noble metals. In this work, the surface oxidations of the cobalt carbonate (Co(CO3)0.5OH·0.11H2O) and Co3O4 nanowires during the OER are carefully investigated by contrasting the polarization curves, Tafel plots, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra, before and after the 1000th cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycling in 1 M KOH alkaline solution. The overpotentials required to reach a current density (j) of 20 mA cm−2 (η
20) are estimated to be 313 mV for the 300 °C-calcined Co3O4, 350 mV for the 400 °C-calcined Co3O4, 365 mV for the 500 °C-calcined Co3O4, and 373 mV for the cobalt carbonate (Co(CO3)0.5OH·0.11H2O). The Tafel slope of cobalt carbonate (Co(CO3)0.5OH·0.11H2O) nanowires is the highest at 93 mV dec−1, while it is measured to be 57 mV dec−1 for the 300 °C-calcined Co3O4, 47 mV dec−1 for the 400 °C-calcined Co3O4, and 79 mV dec−1 for the 500 °C-calcined Co3O4. As a result, the oxidation from Co2+ to Co3+ within Co3O4 during the OER is detected, which improves the OER activity. On the other hand, the formation of cobalt hydoxide is found on the surface of the Co3O4 nanowires during the OER in alkaline solution, which decreases the OER activity. For the surface oxidation of the cobalt carbonate (Co(CO3)0.5OH·0.11H2O) nanowires, the increase in the amounts of Co3+ and oxygen vacancy and the formation of O-C-O and carbonates are found, which highly enhance the OER activity. These findings indicate that the surface redox kinetics during the electrocatalytic reactions should be considered important in order to enhance the electrocatalytic activity, and furthermore can provide insight into future challenges in designing advanced electrocatalysts.
Dirac cones and valley topological states of classical spin waves in artificial magnonic crystals with two-dimensional honeycomb lattice
Authors: Liang Yu , Lin Jizhe , Yun Guohong , Bai Narsu , Cao Yongjun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A model of artificial magnonic crystals (AMCs) with a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice of cylindrical ferromagnetic rods embedded in another ferromagnetic material is proposed. Topological properties including Dirac cones, Dirac-like point and valley states of classical spin waves in the above AMCs are theoretically investigated by numerically solving the Landau-Lifshitz equation. It is shown that Dirac cones and valley states at the boundary of the first Brillouin zone can be generated in the dispersion relation. Furthermore, Dirac-like point can also be obtained at the center of the first Brillouin zone due to the accidental degeneracy of the magnonic bands. These discoveries of Dirac cones, Dirac-like point and valley topological states in artificial magnonic crystals not only open a new field in topological condensed matter, but also provide a novel platform for fabricating topological classical spin-wave devices.
A deterministic single ion fountain
Authors: Stopp Felix , Lehec Henri , Schmidt-Kaler Ferdinand 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We present an alternative approach for interconnecting trapped ion processor nodes by deterministic single ion transfer. In our experiments, we demonstrate the single ion extraction out of a linear Paul trap, into a free space trajectory, followed by recapture in the trapping potential. We recapture in the same trap, coined the ion fountain operation after a free-space travel of distance 110 mm and a time of flight of 7 μs. Our experimental realization yields a success probability of 95.1%, namely 715 out of 752 extracted ions are retrapped, cooled and observed. Based on such high success rate, we discuss the future perspective for an application towards scalable ion trap quantum computing and advanced quantum sensing.
The fabrication, characterization and functionalization in molecular electronics
Authors: Zhao Yi , Liu Wenqing , Zhao Jiaoyang , Wang Yasi , Zheng Jueting , Liu Junyang , Hong Wenjing , Tian Zhong-Qun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Developments in advanced manufacturing have promoted the miniaturization of semiconductor electronic devices to a near-atomic scale, which continuously follows the ‘top-down’ construction method. However, huge challenges have been encountered with the exponentially increased cost and inevitably prominent quantum effects. Molecular electronics is a highly interdisciplinary subject that studies the quantum behavior of electrons tunneling in molecules. It aims to assemble electronic devices in a ‘bottom-up’ manner on this scale through a single molecule, thereby shedding light on the future design of logic circuits with new operating principles. The core technologies in this field are based on the rapid development of precise fabrication at a molecular scale, regulation at a quantum scale, and related applications of the basic electronic component of the ‘electrode–molecule–electrode junction’. Therefore, the quantum charge transport properties of the molecule can be controlled to pave the way for the bottom-up construction of single-molecule devices. The review firstly focuses on the collection and classification of the construction methods for molecular junctions. Thereafter, various characterization and regulation methods for molecular junctions are discussed, followed by the properties based on tunneling theory at the quantum scale of the corresponding molecular electronic devices. Finally, a summary and perspective are given to discuss further challenges and opportunities for the future design of electronic devices.
MDICC: novel method for multi-omics data integration and cancer subtype identification
Authors: Yang Ying , Tian Sha , Qiu Yushan , Zhao Pu , Zou Quan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEach type of cancer usually has several subtypes with distinct clinical implications, and therefore the discovery of cancer subtypes is an important and urgent task in disease diagnosis and therapy. Using single-omics data to predict cancer subtypes is difficult because genomes are dysregulated and complicated by multiple molecular mechanisms, and therefore linking cancer genomes to cancer phenotypes is not an easy task. Using multi-omics data to effectively predict cancer subtypes is an area of much interest; however, integrating multi-omics data is challenging. Here, we propose a novel method of multi-omics data integration for clustering to identify cancer subtypes (MDICC) that integrates new affinity matrix and network fusion methods. Our experimental results show the effectiveness and generalization of the proposed MDICC model in identifying cancer subtypes, and its performance was better than those of currently available state-of-the-art clustering methods. Furthermore, the survival analysis demonstrates that MDICC delivered comparable or even better results than many typical integrative methods.
“Come On, Put Viber, We Can Drink Coffee Together”: Performing (Im)mobile Intimacy in Turbulent Times Among Aging Migrants
Authors: Cabalquinto Earvin Charles B 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper critically examines how elderly people from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse(CALD) backgrounds in Victoria, Australia use visual-based platforms in navigating the lockdown in Melbourne, Australia. Based on conducting remote interviews among 15 participants in 2020, the findings show digital practices as integral to forge and maintain cultural identities and social connectedness. Using the mobilities perspective to interrogate digital behaviours, I coin the term ‘(im)mobile intimacy’ to articulate a sense of closeness enabled, felt and negotiated through modes of movements and stasis in and with online platforms. I contend that differential mediated mobilities and immobilities are informed by social, contextual, and technological factors, revealing the textures of affective and relational dimensions of enacting mobile intimacy. In sum, by locating both movements and stasis in digital environments, this paper sheds light on the (re)production of exclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Deep neural networks reveal novel sex-specific electrocardiographic features relevant for mortality risk
Authors: Siegersma Klaske R , van de Leur Rutger R , Onland-Moret N Charlotte , Leon David A , Diez-Benavente Ernest , Rozendaal Liesbeth , Bots Michiel L , Coronel Ruben , Appelman Yolande , Hofstra Leonard , van der Harst Pim , Doevendans Pieter A , Hassink Rutger J , den Ruijter Hester M , van Es René 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
Incorporation of sex in study design can lead to discoveries in medical research. Deep neural networks (DNNs) accurately predict sex based on the electrocardiogram (ECG) and we hypothesized that misclassification of sex is an important predictor for mortality. Therefore, we first developed and validated a DNN that classified sex based on the ECG and investigated the outcome. Second, we studied ECG drivers of DNN-classified sex and mortality.

Methods and results
A DNN was trained to classify sex based on 131 673 normal ECGs. The algorithm was validated on internal (68 500 ECGs) and external data sets (3303 and 4457 ECGs). The survival of sex (mis)classified groups was investigated using time-to-event analysis and sex-stratified mediation analysis of ECG features. The DNN successfully distinguished female from male ECGs {internal validation: area under the curve (AUC) 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96, 0.97]; external validations: AUC 0.89 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.90), 0.94 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.94)}. Sex-misclassified individuals (11%) had a 1.4 times higher mortality risk compared with correctly classified peers. The ventricular rate was the strongest mediating ECG variable (41%, 95% CI: 31%, 56%) in males, while the maximum amplitude of the ST segment was strongest in females (18%, 95% CI: 11%, 39%). Short QRS duration was associated with higher mortality risk.

Conclusion
Deep neural networks accurately classify sex based on ECGs. While the proportion of ECG-based sex misclassifications is low, it is an interesting biomarker. Investigation of the causal pathway between misclassification and mortality uncovered new ECG features that might be associated with mortality. Increased emphasis on sex as a biological variable in artificial intelligence is warranted.
Enemy or ally: a genomic approach to elucidate the lifestyle of Phyllosticta citrichinaensis
Authors: Buijs Valerie A , Groenewald Johannes Z , Haridas Sajeet , LaButti Kurt M , Lipzen Anna , Martin Francis M , Barry Kerrie , Grigoriev Igor V , Crous Pedro W , Seidl Michael F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Members of the fungal genus Phyllosticta can colonize a variety of plant hosts, including several Citrus species such as Citrus sinensis (orange), Citrus limon (lemon), and Citrus maxima (pomelo). Some Phyllosticta species have the capacity to cause disease, such as Citrus Black Spot, while others have only been observed as endophytes. Thus far, genomic differences underlying lifestyle adaptations of Phyllosticta species have not yet been studied. Furthermore, the lifestyle of Phyllosticta citrichinaensis is ambiguous, as it has been described as a weak pathogen but Koch’s postulates may not have been established and the presence of this species was never reported to cause any crop or economic losses. Here, we examined the genomic differences between pathogenic and endophytic Phyllosticta spp. colonizing Citrus and specifically aimed to elucidate the lifestyle of Phyllosticta citrichinaensis. We found several genomic differences between species of different lifestyles, including groups of genes that were only present in pathogens or endophytes. We also observed that species, based on their carbohydrate active enzymes, group independent of their phylogenetic association, and this clustering correlated with trophy prediction. Phyllosticta citrichinaensis shows an intermediate lifestyle, sharing genomic and phenotypic attributes of both pathogens and endophytes. We thus present the first genomic comparison of multiple citrus-colonizing pathogens and endophytes of the genus Phyllosticta, and therefore provide the basis for further comparative studies into the lifestyle adaptations within this genus.