bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Resolution Digital Pulse Width Modulator Architecture using Reversible Synchronous Sequential Counter and Synchronous Phase-Shifted Circuit
Authors: Singh S. K. Binu Siva , Karthikeyan K. V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the DC-DC converter digital control is more attracted due to its benefits, like programmability, enhanced control algorithms. As a vital part of digital control, the digital pulse width modulator (DPWM) is designed to satisfy various requirements for higher performance. The existing digital pulse width modulator architecture activated with higher resolution along higher switching frequency, also the mandatory counter clock frequency is higher. To overcome this issue, the hybrid digital pulse width modulator architecture is proposed that combines Reversible Synchronous Sequential Counter and synchronous phase-shifted circuit. The proposed architecture consists of 4 blocks, they are, decoder, synchronous reversible counter, Synchronous Phase- Shifted Circuit, Delay line. The decoder is used to divide the input duty cycle command (DCC) into three parts: most significant bits (MSB), secondary significant bits (SSB) and least significant bits (LSB). The Reversible synchronous counter is used to count trigger signal in every clock period. Here, synchronous phase shift circuit is utilized to select the clock through the quadrant phase-shifted clocks. The delay line is used to set the time resolution of DPWM. In this work, D-Flip flop is used to leave sufficient slack among the set signal and reset signal for averting glitch. It can achieve high linearity resolution together with time resolution. The coding is done in Verilog and the proposed synchronous counter design has been synthesized using Xilinx ISE. Here, the assessment metrics, such as path delay, linearity, output duty cycle and time resolution are analyzed. The performance of the proposed SCD-MCT-MCF design shows higher output cycle 26.75%, 29.93% is compared with the existing design such as high resolution DPWM depending on synchronous phase-shifted circuit and delay line (Hyb DPWM-SPSE-DL), Delay-Line DPWM Architecture with Compensation Module and Delay-Adjustable Unit depending on Delay Line (Hyb DPWM-DLP) respectively.
Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries
Authors: Kitterød Nils-Otto , Kværner Jens , Aagaard Per , Arustienė Jurga , Bikše Jānis , Dagestad Atle , Gundersen Pål , Hansen Birgitte , Hjartarson Árni , Karro Enn , Klavins Maris , Marandi Andres , Radienė Rasa , Retike Inga , Rossi Pekka M. , Thorling Lærke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Groundwater utilization and groundwater quality vary in the Baltic and Nordic countries mainly because of different geological settings. Based on the geology, the countries were treated in the following three groups: (1) Fennoscandian countries (Finland, Sweden, and Norway), (2) Denmark and Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), and (3) Iceland. Most of the utilized groundwater resources are taken from Quaternary deposits, but Denmark and the Baltic countries have in addition, important resources in Phanerozoic rocks. The groundwater quality reflects the residence time of water in the subsurface and the chemical composition of the geological formations. Concentrations of ions in the Fennoscandian bedrock are elevated compared to Iceland, but lower than in Denmark and the Baltic countries. Compared to groundwater in the bedrock, groundwater in Quaternary deposits has usually lower concentrations of dissolved minerals. Unconfined Quaternary aquifers are vulnerable to contamination. Examples from Denmark and the Baltic countries illustrate challenges and successful effects of mitigation strategies for such aquifers related to agricultural application and management of nitrogen. Confined and deeper groundwater is better protected against anthropogenic contamination, but water quality may be affected by harmful compounds caused by geogenic processes (viz, sulfide, arsenic, fluoride, and radon).
Nutrient removal and recovery from wastewater by microbial fuel cell-based systems – A review
Authors: Baby Merin Grace , Ahammed M. Mansoor 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a green innovative technology that can be employed for nutrient removal/recovery as well as for energy production from wastewater. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the use of MFCs for nutrient removal/recovery. Different configurations of MFCs used for nutrient removal are first described. Different types of nutrient removal/recovery mechanisms such as precipitation, biological uptake by microalgae, nitrification, denitrification and ammonia stripping occurring in MFCs are discussed. Recovery of nutrients as struvite or cattiite by precipitation, as microalgal biomass and as ammonium salts are common. This review shows that while higher nutrient removal/recovery is possible with MFCs and their modifications compared to other techniques as indicated by many laboratory studies, field-scale studies and optimization of operational parameters are needed to develop efficient MFCs for nutrient removal and recovery and electricity generation from different types of wastewaters.
Associations of Two Common Polymorphisms in MTHFR Gene with Blood Lipids
and Therapeutic Efficacy of Simvastatin
Authors: Jiang Shanqun , Liu Yu , Lu Cuiping , Li Yajie , Venners Scott A. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Cardio-cerebrovascular disease is an important public health challenge worldwide, and
its complex etiology has not been elucidated fully. The study investigated the relationship between two common
polymorphisms, C677T and A1298C in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, baseline
lipids and the lipid-lowering efficacy of simvastatin in a Chinese hyperlipidemic population.

Methods:
All participants were recruited from Anhui, China. By the extreme sampling method, we selected
subjects with a low response (n=108) and high response (n=106) based on their adjusted lipid-lowering response
to simvastatin administrated for 8 consecutive weeks. Both MTHFR C677T and A1298C loci were genotyped
by the MALDI-TOF MS platform. Serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured at baseline
and after 8 weeks of oral 20 mg/d tablets of simvastatin.

Results:
Patients with the 677TT genotype had significantly higher baseline TC, HDL-C, and change in HDL-C
(ΔHDL-C) levels after treatment than those with 677CC+CT genotypes (β = 0.207, P = 0.045; β = 0.182, P =
0.026; and β = 0.16, P = 0.002, respectively). Patients with 1298AC+CC genotypes had significantly higher
baseline LDL-C and change in LDL-C (ΔLDL-C) levels (β = 0.276, P =0.043; β = 0.359, P = 0.025, respectively)
than those with 1298AA genotype. We found statistical interactions between the two SNPs in association
with baseline HDL-C (P for interaction = 0.034), TC (P for interaction = 0.069), and TG (P for interaction =
0.034). Baseline TC (P = 0.027) and HDL-C (P = 0.046) and change in HDL-C (P = 0.019) were different
among those with the MTHFR A-T haplotype compared with A-C.

Conclusions:
Our major findings suggest that both MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms could be important
genetic determinants of lipid traits and drug efficacy of simvastatin. This will contribute to a better understanding
of strategies for personalized medication in Chinese patients with dyslipidemia.
The Role of the LINC01234/miR-433-3p/GRB2 ceRNA Network in
NSCLC Cell Malignant Proliferation
Authors: Wei Wei , Wang Changyong , Zhang Jianfeng , Wang Lele , Wei Lei , Huang Hairong 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with high morbidity
and mortality. Dysregulation of lncRNAs leads to NSCLC progression.

Objective:
This study aims to explore the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA LINC01234 in
NSCLC.

Materials and Methods:
LINC01234 expression in NSCLC cells was determined. Cell proliferation
was detected using CCK-8, colony formation, and EDU assays after transfection of siRNA
LINC01234 into H1299 cells and transfection of pcDNA3.1-LINC01234 into H1975 cells. Subcellular
localization of LINC01234 was predicted and the binding relations between LINC01234 and
miR-433-3p as well as miR-433-3p and GRB2 were verified. The expression levels of miR-433-3p
and GRB2 in NSCLC cells were determined. Joint experiments of miR-433-3p inhibitor + si-
LINC01234-1 or oe-GRB2 + si-LINC01234-1 were conducted to verify the role of miR-433-3p
and GRB2 in NSCLC cell malignant proliferation.

Results:
LINC01234 was abundantly expressed in NSCLC cells. LINC01234 silencing reduced
NSCLC cell proliferation while LINC01234 overexpression enhanced cell proliferation.
LINC01234 competitively bound to miR-433-3p and miR-433-3p directly targeted GRB2. miR-
433-3p knockdown or GRB2 overexpression counteracted the repressive effect of LINC01234 silencing
on NSCLC cell malignant proliferation.

Conclusion:
LINC01234 competitively bound to miR-433-3p and promoted GRB2 transcription to
augment NSCLC cell malignant proliferation.
Oak Pollen Allergy in Korea
Authors: Jeong Kyoung Yong , Park Jung-Won 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:Oak pollen allergy is common all over the world and an important cause of pollinosis. The molecular properties of some component allergens have been clearly characterized, while some of them are still waiting for characterization. Studies on some oak component allergens are neglected, possibly because of its high cross-reactivity to birch. However, the utilization of culprit allergen molecules is expected to increase the diagnostic sensitivity and efficacy of immunotherapy. Sensitization to oak pollen along with birch often causes pollen food allergy syndrome to fruits and vegetables. Acorn and wood dust from oak can cause allergic disease. We summarize the distribution and taxonomic classification of oak trees of allergenic importance. Molecular characteristics of the identified component allergens, cross-reactivity, and clinical aspects for diagnosis and immunotherapy are also described with an emphasis on Korean situations.
Recent Progress on the Development and Application of Polymeric Nanofiltration
Membranes: A Mini-Review
Authors: de Almeida Fabiana Rodrigues , de Mello Ferreira Ivana Lourenço , dos Reis Rodrigo Azevedo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The inefficiency of conventional water treatment methods in terms of removing micropollutants is prompting research into other technologies. Among these, the process of separation by nanofiltration membranes is particularly promising because of the low operating cost, rapid implementation
of the system, high selectivity and easy integration with other treatment processes. Studies in this area
are recent and there are many avenues for future research. This mini-review describes the main characteristics of the polymeric membranes used for nanofiltration and the various methods and polymer
materials under investigation. At the end, we report the result of a survey conducted on the ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science platforms using different keywords, to depict a global panorama of
the current research involving polymeric nanofiltration membranes. The results revealed a particular
dearth of published studies involving application of these membranes to remove micropollutants with
endocrine disruptive action. Furthermore, research involving nanofiltration membranes utilizing calcium alginate is very recent. This study provides an overview of the investigation of polymeric nanofiltration membranes.
Cardiovascular Toxicities with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy
Authors: Gill Jashan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in treating
highly refractory and relapsing hematological malignancies in pediatric and adult patients.
However, this promising therapy is limited by severe and potentially life-threatening toxicities. Cytokine
release syndrome (CRS) is the most commonly observed of these toxicities. The cardiovascular
manifestations of CRS include tachycardia, hypotension, left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias,
troponin elevation, cardiogenic shock, and pulmonary edema. Recent data suggest that
cardiotoxicities may be transient and reversible in younger patients with few cardiac comorbidities;
however, cardiotoxicities may be fatal in older patients with significant cardiac risk factors. The
literature remains sparse regarding long-term cardiotoxicities associated with CAR-T cell therapy.
Furthermore, consensus guidelines for monitoring and prevention of cardiotoxicities remain illdefined.
Therefore, this review will detail the cardiovascular toxicities of CAR T-cell therapy seen
in clinical trials and observational studies, summarize treatment approaches for CRS, outline the
currently adopted surveillance protocols for CAR T-cell associated cardiotoxicity, and explore the
future directions of research in this rapidly emerging field.
In silico Study and Solvent-free one-pot Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrimidine
derivatives by Mechanochemistry Approach for Targeting Human
Neutrophil Elastase against Lung Cancer
Authors: Patel Ashish , Gandhi Karan , Shah Sweta , Patel Darshan , Chhatbar Shreyas , Shah Drashti , Patel Stuti , Patel Harnisha , Bambharoliya Tushar 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Pyrimidine derivative has evinced its biological importance in targeting
lung cancer by inhibiting neutrophil elastase.

Methods:
All THPM derivatives were synthesized by the grindstone method at ambient temperature
followed by molecular docking study for efficient binding interaction of THPM compounds by
targeting human neutrophil elastase (HNE) (PDB ID: 5A0A) and In-silico ADMET study using
PkCSM. Moreover, all synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopy techniques and
screened for anti-cancer activity using in vitro HNE assay kit.

Results:
We reported a one-pot solvent-free mechanochemical approach for synthesizing tetrahydropyrimidine
(THPM) derivatives from various aromatic aldehydes, ethyl cyanoacetate, and urea
followed by in silico study and evaluation against human neutrophil elastase (HNE) for treatment of
lung cancer. We calibrated the best molecules that bound to specific targets more efficiently using a
molecular docking approach and provided the desired efficacy. In-silico ADMET studies revealed
that all best-scored compounds had drug-like characteristics for potential use as human neutrophil
elastase inhibitors (HNE) in lung cancer treatment. Additionally, the in vitro studies revealed that
compounds 1, 2, and 8 show potent HNE inhibitory activity for lung cancer treatment.

Conclusion:
In a nutshell, the tetrahydropyrimidine (THPM) scaffold and its derivatives may serve
as potential HNE inhibitors for the development of a promising anti-cancer agent.
Formulation and Characterization of Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery
System (SMEDDS) of Sertraline Hydrochloride
Authors: Sharma Sanjay , Kanugo Abhishek , Kaur Tejvir , Choudhary Deepak 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Sertraline hydrochloride is the most widely used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for the treatment of several depressive disorders. Its applicability is limited due to extensive metabolism and poor oral bioavailability of 44 %.

Objective:
The current research focused on improving the solubility and oral bioavailability of Sertraline by using microemulsions developed by a self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for significant antidepressant action.

Methods:
SMEDDS were developed by selecting appropriate proportions of oil, surfactant, and co-solvents and out of them isopropyl myristate, tween 80 and propylene glycol were identified as best. The emulsification zone was demonstrated by a ternary phase diagram, and compatibility was confirmed with Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The formulated SMEDDS were characterized for robustness to dilution, globule size (GS), polydispersity index (PDI), viscosity, in-vitro dissolution and diffusion study, and drug release kinetics study.

Results:
All the batches (A1-A9) passes the test and A3 was selected as an optimized batch that doesn’t show phase separation, precipitation with globule size (101 nm), PDI (0.319), drug content (99.14±0.35 %), viscosity (10.71±0.02 mPa), self-emulsification time (46 sec), in-vitro drug release (98.25±0.22 %) within 8 h, release kinetics (Higuchi) and effective antidepressant in in-vitro diffusion studies.

Conclusion:
An optimized batch A3 observed circular in shape estimated by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and passes all the thermodynamic stability testing with loss of 0.271 mg of the drug after 90 days and showed marked antidepressant action with higher stability.
A Review on Wire-Driven Flexible Robot Manipulators
Authors: Tang Dedong , Cheng Chao , Xiao Limei , Tang Chunyang , Lv Xin , Wang Gang 
Published: June 2022

Background:
At present, with the rapid development of technology in medical treatment and rescue, how to reduce the operation complexity caused by limited space has become one of the hot topics. For example, in search and rescue, it is difficult for people to enter these high-risk areas due to various restricted geographic environments. During some medical treatment processes, minimally invasive surgery is difficult to operate because of its small incision. In order to solve these problems, a kind of Wire-Driven Flexible Robot Manipulator (WDFRM) has been developed. The WDFRMs have better flexibility and greater degrees of freedom (DOF) than the traditional rigid manipulators, and play an important role in these extreme operation fields.

Objective:
The paper aims to report the latest progress in the studies of the WDFRMs, and provides a reference for readers in this field.

Method:
By summarizing various productions and patents related to the WDFRMs, the structural characteristics, differentiations, applications of the WDFRMs are proposed.

Results:
Different types of WDFRMs are compared, analyzed, and classified according to their structural characteristics and supporting mode. The technical problems of the WDFRMs are pointed out, and the future development direction of this research field is predicted.

Conclusion:
According to their structural characteristics, the research shows that WDFRMs can be divided into Wire-Driven Serpentine Flexible Robot Manipulators (WDSFRMs) and Wire-Driven Continuum Flexible Robot Manipulators (WDCFRMs). WDFRMs will have more applications in medical treatment, rescue, and military affairs. The structure, stiffness and accuracy of the WDFRMs still need to be improved continuously.
Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp: An Insight into its Pharmacology,
Expository Traditional Uses and Extensive Phytochemistry
Authors: Das Ratna Jyoti , Pathak Kalyani , Bordoloi Smita , Saikia Riya , Alqahtani Saif Aboud , Saharia Jon , Devi Mary , Mazumder Bhaskar 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp (Family, Verbenaceae) is one of the beneficial medicinal plants, used by the traditional people of this Northeast region of India due to its cardioprotective action and most widely known as “Nefafu” in Assam, “Arun” in Nagaland and “Phuinum” in Mizoram. Clerodendrum colebrookianum is found extensively in the South as well as Southeast Asia. The Mizo natives of the Northeast, India expanse of India claim that the hypertensive populace's minor occurrence in the middle of their society member is because of the habitual ingestion of this medicinal plant as vegetables.

Aim:
This review summarizes the ethnopharmacology, selected scientific evidence on the pharmacological properties and phytochemistry of Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp. This plant is generally considered the most significant herbal variety practiced in the therapy of hypertension by various communities of Northeast India.

Methods:
The review covers literature about the evidence-based ethnopharmacology, therapeutic potential, and phytochemistry of Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp. Literature was collected from non-English journals and English from scientific databases via electronic search (Elsevier, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Springer, Web of Science, Wiley online library) and Ph.D. thesis databases.

Results:
Evidence suggests that the extracts and some compounds from. Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp possesses abdominal pain, anthelmintic, antidote, blood purifier, colics in infants, cough, diabetes, diarrhea, and dysentery, gastric disorders. It also has cardioprotective potential, which is a valid scientific basis for consuming it for health benefits in the northeast region of India.

Conclusion:
Scientific evidence suggests that Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp's immense potential to treat diabetes, hypertension, and other chronic diseases.
Contexts and Outcomes of Proxy Online Health Information Seeking: Mixed Studies Review With Framework Synthesis
Authors: El Sherif Reem , Pluye Pierre , Ibekwe Fidelia 
Published: June 2022

Background
High-quality online health information (OHI) can reduce unnecessary visits to health professionals and improve health. One of the ways that people use OHI is to support others with health conditions through proxy OHI seeking. Members of a person’s social circle may help them overcome information-seeking barriers and illness challenges. There are several models on proxy information seeking. Yet, we know little about the use and outcomes of OHI on behalf of someone else.

Objective
The objectives of this paper are to explore and revise a framework on the context and outcomes of proxy OHI seeking

Methods
We conducted a mixed studies literature review integrating qualitative and quantitative evidence with thematic analysis of the findings of 28 studies, followed by framework synthesis incorporating the derived themes.

Results
We explored 4 main themes: (1) characteristics of proxy seekers, (2) context of proxy OHI seeking, (3) use of OHI to provide social support, and (4) outcomes of proxy OHI seeking. Our conceptual framework incorporates these themes and builds on previous work.

Conclusions
By better understanding how people use information together, information providers can adapt the information to meet all users’ needs.