bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Venous Pressure-Assisted Exercise Stress Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension During Exercise in Patients With Suspected Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Yang Jeong Hoon , Harada Tomonari , Choi Ki Hong , Kato Toshimitsu , Kim Darae , Takama Noriaki , Park Taek Kyu , Kurabayashi Masahiko , Chang Sung-A , Obokata Masaru 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Identification of elevated pulmonary artery (PA) pressures during exercise may provide diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Although widely performed, exercise stress echocardiography may underestimate true PA pressures due to the difficulty in estimating right atrial pressure (RAP) during exercise. We hypothesized that peripheral venous pressure (PVP) could allow for reliable estimation of RAP, and thus PA pressures during exercise stress echocardiography.

Methods:
In protocol 1, we investigated the accuracy of PVP compared with simultaneously measured RAP at rest and during exercise right heart catheterization in 19 subjects. In protocol 2, we examined whether the addition of PVP to Doppler exercise echocardiography (tricuspid regurgitant velocity) would increase the ability to identify exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension compared with inferior vena cava-based RAP estimation in 60 patients with dyspnea.

Results:

In protocol 1, PVP was strongly correlated with simultaneously measured RAP at rest and during exercise (
r
=0.77 and 0.90), with little overestimation of invasively measured RAP (bias 3.4 mm Hg at rest and 1.7 mm Hg during exercise). In protocol 2, PVP increased dramatically during exercise echocardiography (14±5 mm Hg) while an increase in inferior vena cava-based RAP was modest (6±4 mm Hg). Exercise PA pressures calculated from PVP and tricuspid regurgitant velocity were significantly higher than those estimated from inferior vena cava and the use of PVP increased the proportion of patients with exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension from 40% to 68%.

Conclusions:
PVP may prevent underestimation of PA pressures during exercise echocardiography and could be a preferred approach to identify exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension in patients with suspected heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Expression of LHCGR in Pheochromocytomas Unveils an Endocrine Mechanism Connecting Pregnancy and Epinephrine Overproduction
Authors: Lopez Antoine-Guy , Duparc Céline , Renouf Sylvie , Machevin Elise , Le Guillou Vincent , Sabourin Jean-Christophe , Defortescu Guillaume , Buffet Alexandre , Gimenez-Roqueplo Anne-Paule , Dubessy Christophe , Louiset Estelle , Lefebvre Hervé 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The mechanisms by which pregnancy may unmask pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are not totally understood. We hypothesized that gestational hormones may participate in the pathophysiology of catecholamine excess during pregnancy. We report a case of silent pheochromocytoma revealed in a pregnant woman by life-threatening adrenergic myocarditis.

Methods:

In vitro studies were conducted to investigate the effect of estradiol and the pregnancy hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) on epinephrine secretion by cultured cells derived from the patient’s tumor. Expression of LHCG (luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin) receptor was searched for in the patient’s tumor, and a series of 12 additional pheochromocytomas by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.
LHCGR
expression was also analyzed in silico in the pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas cohorts of the
Cortico et Médullosurrénale: les Tumeurs Endocrines
and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases.

Results:
hCG stimulated epinephrine secretion by cultured cells derived from the patient’s pheochromocytoma. The patient’s tumor expressed the LHCG receptor, which was colocalized with catecholamine-producing enzymes. A similar expression pattern of the LHCG receptor was also observed in 5 out of our series of pheochromocytomas. Moreover, in silico studies revealed that pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas display the highest expression levels of LHCG receptor mRNA among the 32 solid tumor types of The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort.

Conclusions:
Pregnancy may thus favor surges in plasma catecholamine and hypertensive crises through hCG-induced stimulation of epinephrine production by pheochromocytomas.
Social Isolation and Incident Heart Failure Hospitalization in Older Women: Women’s Health Initiative Study Findings
Authors: Cené Crystal W. , Leng Xiaoyan Iris , Faraz Khushnood , Allison Matthew , Breathett Khadijah , Bird Chloe , Coday Mace , Corbie‐Smith Giselle , Foraker Randi , Ijioma Nkechinyere N. , Rosal Milagros C. , Sealy‐Jefferson Shawnita , Shippee Tetyana P. , Kroenke Candyce H. , Rossouw Jacques , Ludlam Shari , McGowan Joan , Ford Leslie , Geller Nancy , Anderson Garnet , Prentice Ross , LaCroix Andrea , Kooperberg Charles , Manson JoAnn E. , Howard Barbara V. , Stefanick Marcia L. , Jackson Rebecca , Thomson Cynthia A. , Wactawski‐Wende Jean , Limacher Marian , Robinson Jennifer , Kuller Lewis , Shumaker Sally , Brunner Robert 
Published: February 2022

Background
The association of social isolation or lack of social network ties in older adults is unknown. This knowledge gap is important since the risk of heart failure (HF) and social isolation increase with age. The study examines whether social isolation is associated with incident HF in older women, and examines depressive symptoms as a potential mediator and age and race and ethnicity as effect modifiers.

Methods and Results
This study included 44 174 postmenopausal women of diverse race and ethnicity from the WHI (Women's Health Initiative) study who underwent annual assessment for HF adjudication from baseline enrollment (1993–1998) through 2018. We conducted a mediation analysis to examine depressive symptoms as a potential mediator and further examined effect modification by age and race and ethnicity. Incident HF requiring hospitalization was the main outcome. Social isolation was a composite variable based on marital/partner status, religious ties, and community ties. Depressive symptoms were assessed using CES‐D (Center for Epidemiology Studies‐Depression). Over a median follow‐up of 15.0 years, we analyzed data from 36 457 women, and 2364 (6.5%) incident HF cases occurred; 2510 (6.9%) participants were socially isolated. In multivariable analyses adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, and general health/functioning; socially isolated women had a higher risk of incident HF than nonisolated women (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08–1.41). Adding depressive symptoms in the model did not change this association (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07–1.40). Neither race and ethnicity nor age moderated the association between social isolation and incident HF.

Conclusions
Socially isolated older women are at increased risk for developing HF, independent of traditional HF risk factors.

Registration

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00000611.
In‐Hospital Complications in Pregnancies Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technology
Authors: Wu Pensée , Sharma Garima V. , Mehta Laxmi S. , Chew‐Graham Carolyn A. , Lundberg Gina P. , Nerenberg Kara A. , Graham Michelle M. , Chappell Lucy C. , Kadam Umesh T. , Jordan Kelvin P. , Mamas Mamas A. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has emerged as a common treatment option for infertility, a problem that affects an estimated 48 million couples worldwide. Advancing maternal age with increasing prepregnancy cardiovascular risk factors, such as chronic hypertension, obesity, and diabetes, has raised concerns about pregnancy complications associated with ART. However, in‐hospital complications following pregnancies conceived by ART are poorly described.

Methods and Results

To assess the patient characteristics, obstetric outcomes, vascular complications and temporal trends of pregnancies conceived by ART, we analyzed hospital deliveries conceived with or without ART between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2016, from the United States National Inpatient Sample database. We included 106 248 deliveries conceived with ART and 34 167 246 deliveries conceived without ART. Women who conceived with ART were older (35 versus 28 years;
P
<0.0001) and had more comorbidities. ART‐conceived pregnancies were independently associated with vascular complications (acute kidney injury: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.52; 95% CI 1.99–3.19; and arrhythmia: aOR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.46–1.86), and adverse obstetric outcomes (placental abruption: aOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.41–1.74; cesarean delivery: aOR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.33–1.43; and preterm birth: aOR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.20–1.32), including in subgroups without cardiovascular disease risk factors or without multifetal pregnancies. Higher hospital charges ($18 705 versus $11 983;
P
<0.0001) were incurred compared with women who conceived without ART.

Conclusions
Pregnancies conceived by ART have higher risks of adverse obstetric outcomes and vascular complications compared with spontaneous conception. Clinicians should have detailed discussions on the associated complications of ART in women during prepregnancy counseling.
Sex Differences in Recovery and Device Replacement After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation as Destination Therapy
Authors: Maukel Lisa‐Marie , Weidner Gerdi , Beyersmann Jan , Spaderna Heike 
Published: February 2022

Background
The relevance of sex and preimplant factors for clinical outcomes among patients with left ventricular assist devices intended for destination therapy is unclear.

Methods and Results

INTERMACS (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support) data (2006‐2017) from 6771 men and 1690 women with left ventricular assist devices as destination therapy were analyzed to evaluate the contribution of preimplant clinical, demographic, and clinically judged psychosocial characteristics to time until death, heart transplant, device explant due to recovery, or complication‐related device replacement. Associations of sex with time until each competing outcome were evaluated using cumulative incidence functions and event‐specific Cox proportional hazards models. Women were younger, more likely to have nonischemic diagnoses, and reported less substance abuse but were more likely to be unmarried, not working for an income, overweight, and depressed than men. After 2 years, women had higher probabilities for recovery (3.7% versus 1.6%,
P
<0.001) and device replacement (12.1% versus 10%,
P
=0.019) than men but not for death and transplant (
P
>0.12). The sex differences remained after controlling for covariates (adjusted hazard ratio [HR
adj
] recovery, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.30–2.70;
P
<0.001; HR
adj
device replacement, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.04–1.33;
P
=0.015). Female‐specific diagnoses (eg, postpartum heart failure) contributed to women’s enhanced rate of recovery. Demographic and psychosocial factors were unrelated to women’s increased event rates.

Conclusions
In destination therapy, women have higher rates of device replacement and recovery than men. The latter was partly explained by female‐specific diagnoses. Standardized assessments of psychosocial characteristics are needed to elucidate their association with sex differences in outcomes.
Psychosocial Well‐Being and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Midlife Women
Authors: Janssen Imke , Powell Lynda H. , Everson‐Rose Susan A. , Hollenberg Steven M. , El Khoudary Samar R. , Matthews Karen A. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a public health priority. The combination of physical activity, a healthy diet, and abstaining from tobacco plays an important role in prevention whereas aspects of psychosocial well‐being have largely been examined separately with conflicting results. This study evaluated whether the combination of indices of psychosocial well‐being was associated with less progression of coronary artery calcium (CAC).

Methods and Results

Participants were 312 women (mean age 50.8) from the SWAN (Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation) ancillary Heart Study, free of clinical CVD at baseline. A composite psychosocial well‐being score was created from 6 validated psychosocial questionnaires assessing optimism, vitality, life engagement, life satisfaction, rewarding multiple roles, and positive affect. Subclinical CAC progression was defined as an increase of ≥10 Agatston units over 2.3 years measured using electron beam tomography. Relative risk (RR) regression models examined the effect of well‐being on CAC progression, progressively adjusting for sociodemographic factors, depression, healthy lifestyle behaviors, and standard CVD risk factors. At baseline, 42.9% had a CAC score >0, and progression was observed in 17.6%. Well‐being was associated with less progression (RR, 0.909; 95% CI, 0.843−0.979;
P
=0.012), which remained significant with adjustment for potential confounders, depression, and health behaviors. Further adjustment for standard CVD risk factors weakened the association for the total sample (RR, 0.943; 95% CI, 0.871−1.020;
P
=0.142) but remained significant for the 134 women with baseline CAC>0 (RR, 0.921; 95% CI, 0.852−0.995;
P
=0.037).

Conclusions
Optimum early prevention of CVD in women may result from including the mind side of the mind‐heart‐body continuum.
Can the quality of published academic journal articles be assessed with machine learning?
Authors: Thelwall Mike 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Formal assessments of the quality of the research produced by departments and universities are now conducted by many countries to monitor achievements and allocate performance-related funding. These evaluations are hugely time consuming if conducted by postpublication peer review and are simplistic if based on citations or journal impact factors. I investigate whether machine learning could help reduce the burden of peer review by using citations and metadata to learn how to score articles from a sample assessed by peer review. An experiment is used to underpin the discussion, attempting to predict journal citation thirds, as a proxy for article quality scores, for all Scopus narrow fields from 2014 to 2020. The results show that these proxy quality thirds can be predicted with above baseline accuracy in all 326 narrow fields, with Gradient Boosting Classifier, Random Forest Classifier, or Multinomial Naïve Bayes being the most accurate in nearly all cases. Nevertheless, the results partly leverage journal writing styles and topics, which are unwanted for some practical applications and cause substantial shifts in average scores between countries and between institutions within a country. There may be scope for predicting articles’ scores when the predictions have the highest probability.
Machine Learning–Based Hurricane Wind Reconstruction
Authors: Yang Qidong , Lee Chia-Ying , Tippett Michael K. , Chavas Daniel R. , Knutson Thomas R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Here we present a machine learning–based wind reconstruction model. The model reconstructs hurricane surface winds with XGBoost, which is a decision-tree-based ensemble predictive algorithm. The model treats the symmetric and asymmetric wind fields separately. The symmetric wind field is approximated by a parametric wind profile model and two Bessel function series. The asymmetric field, accounting for asymmetries induced by the storm and its ambient environment, is represented using a small number of Laplacian eigenfunctions. The coefficients associated with Bessel functions and eigenfunctions are predicted by XGBoost based on storm and environmental features taken from NHC best-track and ERA-Interim data, respectively. We use HWIND for the observed wind fields. Three parametric wind profile models are tested in the symmetric wind model. The wind reconstruction model’s performance is insensitive to the choice of the profile model because the Bessel function series correct biases of the parametric profiles. The mean square error of the reconstructed surface winds is smaller than the climatological variance, indicating skillful reconstruction. Storm center location, eyewall size, and translation speed play important roles in controlling the magnitude of the leading asymmetries, while the phase of the asymmetries is mainly affected by storm translation direction. Vertical wind shear impacts the asymmetry phase to a lesser degree. Intended applications of this model include assessing hurricane risk using synthetic storm event sets generated by statistical–dynamical downscaling hurricane models.
Clinico-demographics of people with younger-onset dementia and neuropsychiatric symptoms referred to an Australian dementia support service: A comparison study with older-onset dementia
Authors: Loi Samantha M , Atee Mustafa , Morris Thomas , Whiting Daniel , Macfarlane Stephen , Cunningham Colm , Velakoulis Dennis 
Published: February 2022

Objective: Younger-onset dementia accounts for about 5–10% of all dementias in Australia. Little data is available on neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with younger-onset dementia compared to those with older-onset dementia. This study aims to compare the types of neuropsychiatric symptoms and their clinico-demographic characteristics of people with younger-onset dementia and older-onset dementia who are referred to a specific dementia support service. Methods: A 2-year retrospective observational cross-sectional analysis was undertaken on referrals with neuropsychiatric symptoms from Dementia Support Australia programmes. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were measured using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory total severity scores and distress scores. Contributing factors to neuropsychiatric symptoms for dementia groups were examined. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between individual neuropsychiatric symptoms and having older-onset dementia vs younger-onset dementia. Results: Of the 15,952 referrals, about 5% ( n = 729, mean age: 60.7 years, standard deviation = 5.4) were individuals with younger-onset dementia. Referrals with older-onset dementia were more likely to be female (56%), whereas referrals with younger-onset dementia were more likely to be male (54%). There was a four times greater rate of frontotemporal dementia for those with younger-onset dementia (16.0%, n = 117) compared to those with older-onset dementia (2.8%, n = 427), χ2 (1)  = 366.2, p < 0.001. Referrals with younger-onset dementia were more likely to be referred from community settings and those with older-onset dementia were more likely to be from residential aged care. Overall, there was no difference in the severity and distress of neuropsychiatric symptoms between the two groups. Contributing factors to neuropsychiatric symptoms were different between the groups, with pain being more frequently endorsed for individuals with older-onset dementia whereas communication difficulties were more commonly identified for those with younger-onset dementia. Conclusion: Clinico-demographics of referrals with younger-onset dementia differ from those with older-onset dementia. There were some differences in the characteristics of neuropsychiatric symptoms between younger-onset dementia and older-onset dementia. Our findings have implications for service provision and support for people with dementia at different ages.
We Need More Praxis: A Case for Praxis Assignments in Psychology Courses
Authors: Rosales Christine E. , Majzler Robert D. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction This paper explores what praxis is and its importance for catalyzing social justice. Statement of the Problem At times, psychologists have articulated the importance of bridging the researcher-activist divide via praxis, but progress in creating these bridges has been slow. Literature Review We examine how praxis can be rooted in decolonial pedagogical approaches and a tool that can bridge scholarship and activism. Building on previous work by teachers of psychology, we review small, medium, and large-scale praxis assignments that have been used in university courses. Teaching Implications We discuss our own versions of praxis assignments used in four different psychology courses (three of which took place during the pandemic). We reflect on the ways we see students motivated by an assignment with relevance to the real world and potential for creating social change, the ways that students are able to integrate course material more deeply through action, and some of the challenges with these assignments. Conclusion We conclude by providing recommendations for educators interested in assigning praxis projects in their psychology courses.
Trust-building interventions to home-dwelling persons with dementia who resist care
Authors: Gjellestad Åshild , Oksholm Trine , Alvsvåg Herdis , Bruvik Frøydis 
Published: February 2022

Background: Providing care for a home-dwelling person with dementia who resists care is an ethical and practical complex and challenging task. Faced with a growing number of persons with dementia, the healthcare professional’s understanding of how to best care for and prevent unnecessary use of coercion with persons with dementia is of key importance. Research aim: The aim of this study was to explore the use of trust-building interventions in home-dwelling persons with dementia resisting care, as described by health professionals in documents of decisions of forced treatment and care. Research design: A qualitative thematic document analysis inspired by critical realism was conducted. Participants and research context: Descriptions of trust-building interventions were extracted from 88 documents of forced treatment and care for home-dwelling persons with dementia, receiving home healthcare, in 2015 and 2016. Ethical considerations: Approved by the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics, reference number 2017/788, and controlled by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data, reference number 54897. The study adhered to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Findings: We found that “balancing safe care with the person’s integrity” was an overarching theme that permeated the descriptions of trust-building interventions in the study. Three main themes were identified when the data were analyzed: safeguarding care, protecting integrity, and optimizing the environment. Discussion and conclusion: Health professionals balanced on a thin line between care and integrity when met with resistance from person with dementia. However, the trust-building interventions used in the most challenging situations did not differ from the interventions used in general in dementia care. Two knowledge gaps were identified: how to perform appropriate assessments of situations of home-dwelling persons with dementia when met with resistance to care, and whether environmental initiatives may also benefit home-dwelling persons with dementia who are not easily cared for.