bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contradictions and Crisis in the World of Work: Informality, Precarity and the Pandemic
Authors: Kesar Surbhi , Bhattacharya Snehashish , Banerjee Lopamudra 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe severe economic impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the global working population can be interpreted as both a fallout from, and a violent assertion of, a larger crisis in the world of work. While this crisis has been attributed to the pre‐existing conditions of widespread informality and precarity in the domain of remunerative work, the authors of this article dig deeper to read these conditions and the crisis tendencies as articulations of certain key contradictions that define the world of work in the present conjuncture of global capitalism. The article highlights three specific contradictions: that between capital and labour in the ‘interior’ space of capital; that between capital and its ‘outside’; and those emerging from ‘dispersion’ of the circuit of capital to its ‘outside’. The ‘outside’ is the economic space that exists within the capitalist social formation but represents the domain of unwaged work carried out in the processes of non‐capitalist production and distribution, both within and outside the space of the household. The authors argue that the expanded reproduction of capital has sharpened this triad of contradictions in the present conjuncture in specific ways in the global South and the global North through continuous informalization of work, exclusion of masses of population from the ‘interior’ domain of capital, and insistent dispersion of the circuit of capital to its ‘outside’ through various forms of ‘non‐standard’ labour processes and work arrangements. The article provides some illustrations of how these processes have registered and contributed to the crisis situation in the times of the pandemic.
The Social Reproduction of Pandemic Surplus Populations and Global Development Narratives on Inequality and Informal Labour
Authors: Mezzadri Alessandra 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThis article proposes a reading of the COVID‐19 crisis through a social reproduction lens, with a focus on the restructuring of reproductive sectors, the world of work and the generation of differentiated surplus populations, and considers the implications of this reading for global development debates on inequality and informal labour. Learning from the pandemic and the social reproduction of the surplus populations it generated, the analysis argues that debates on inequality should be re‐centred on its existential nature and its embeddedness in social oppression, and that labour relations should be considered as key reproducers of inequality. It also argues that informal labour should be increasingly understood as playing the reproductive role of ‘global housework’ in contemporary capitalism.
Factor prices and induced technical change in the industrial revolution
Authors: Otojanov Ravshonbek , Fouquet Roger , Granville Brigitte 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUsing historical data for the 1700–1914 period, this paper analyses the nature and direction of technical change in Britain. The evidence in this paper indicates that, over this long period, labour‐saving technology adoption was a major response to changes in relative factor prices, thus supporting the hypothesis that ‘induced innovation’ was a major driver of technical change during the British industrial revolution. Labour saving was made possible and sustained by capital‐augmenting and energy‐augmenting technical change coupled with continuous capital accumulation and abundant energy supplies. This process placed the British economy on a higher capital–labour ratio equilibrium, and was the primary force driving sustained productivity growth, which further raised wages and living standards.
Soils, scale, or elites? Biological innovation in Uruguayan cattle farming, 1880–1913
Authors: Travieso Emiliano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article examines the economics of innovation in livestock rearing during the first globalisation in Uruguay, the country with the most cattle per person in the world, both then and now. Using a new historical dataset of Uruguayan agriculture, the first one at a sub‐provincial level, I exploit regional differences in the adoption of cattle crossbreeding – the genetic improvement of local herds through hybridisation with foreign breeds. Contrary to traditional historiographical claims, I find that this innovation was not primarily explained by the location of enlightened elites (European or local) or by the scale of productive units (i.e. latifundia); rather, rural producers invested in crossbreeding wherever their local landscapes and previous productive choices encouraged it. While it affected biological processes that spanned several agricultural calendars, and thereby developed more slowly than innovations in crop farming, technical change in Uruguayan ranching was also environmentally sensitive, largely scale‐neutral, congruent with previous agricultural patterns, and hinged on a widespread response from producers.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation over posterior parietal cortex modulates alerting and executive control processes in attention
Authors: Middag‐van Spanje Marij , Duecker Felix , Gallotto Stefano , de Graaf Tom A. , van Heugten Caroline , Sack Alexander T. , Schuhmann Teresa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAttention includes three different functional components: generating and maintaining an alert state (alerting), orienting to sensory events (orienting), and resolving conflicts between alternative actions (executive control). Neuroimaging and patient studies suggest that the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is involved in all three attention components. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has repeatedly been applied over the PPC to study its functional role for shifts and maintenance of visuospatial attention. Most TMS‐PPC studies used only detection tasks or orienting paradigms to investigate TMS‐PPC effects on attention processes, neglecting the alerting and executive control components of attention. The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of PPC in all three functional components of attention: alerting, orienting, and executive control. To this end, we disrupted PPC with TMS (continuous theta‐burst stimulation), to modulate subsequent performance on the Lateralized‐Attention Network Test, used to assess the three attention components separately. Our results revealed hemifield‐specific effects on alerting and executive control functions, but we did not find stimulation effects on orienting performance. While this field of research and associated clinical development have been predominantly focused on orienting performance, our results suggest that parietal cortex and its modulation may affect other aspects of attention as well.
Significance of phosphorus inclusions and discrete micron‐sized grains of apatite in postglacial forest soils
Authors: Adediran Gbotemi A. , Kielman‐Schmitt Melanie , Kooijman Ellen , Gustafsson Jon‐Petter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent advances in soil phosphorus (P) studies have revealed unique P hot spots and discrete micron‐sized grains at soil microsites, but the significance of these so‐called ‘hot spots’ and grains in P cycling and long‐term supply is yet to be determined. We examined soil particles and pore space distribution at a micro‐scale in two postglacial forest soils by laser ablation ICP‐MS imaging. This allowed us to semi‐quantitatively reveal both axial and lateral abundance, distribution, and co‐localization of P with elements known to influence its chemical speciation (e.g., Si, Al, Mn, Ca, and Fe). The results show topsoil P to be co‐localised predominantly with Si, Al, and Fe. However, in the subsoils, P was co‐localised mainly with Ca, Si, Al, and Mg in spots within Si and Al‐bearing minerals and with only Ca in discrete micron‐sized grains. While the spots of P‐Ca inclusions were ~ 1000 μm apart and present at 40–100 cm depth in Tärnsjö, the discrete grains of P‐Ca were ~ 700–1200 μm apart and present at 90–100 cm depth in Tönnersjöheden. The P concentrations in these ‘hot spots’ and grains were 7 to 600 times greater than the average soil P concentrations, with the highest values (3434–8716 mmol P kg−1) occurring in the C horizons of the two soils. When combined with previous P speciation results obtained by synchrotron PK‐edge XANES in the same soils, our work confirms geogenic apatite to have been dissolved in the topsoil and its P transformed to P adsorbed by Al‐Si and Fe phases, and to organic P. Most importantly, our work shows subsoil spots of P‐Ca inclusions and micron‐sized grains to be a long‐term source of P and Ca.HighlightsThe significance of high‐P spots and discrete grains to long‐term P supply is largely unknown.For the first time, P concentration and speciation was resolved by LA‐ICP‐MS multi‐elemental analysis.The P spots exist as dispersed apatite inclusions and micron‐sized grains in the subsoil.P in these spots and grains were up to 600 times greater than the bulk soil P concentrations.
Decolonizing and Decentralizing Epistemology and Methodology with Pan African Women of Faith
Authors: Walker‐Smith Angelique 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe article seeks to reflect critically on the ecumenical work of a programme of the World Council of Churches–Ecumenical Theological Education (ETE), the Pan African Women’s Ecumenical Empowerment Network (PAWEEN), from 2013 to 2021. In so doing, the aim is to identify conceptual learning and recommendations for the further evolution of a renewed and relevant global model for ecumenical theological education in the future. The major finding from the work of PAWEEN ETE 2013–21 is that the priorities in future approaches for dealing with ecumenical theological education should be to decolonize and decentralize epistemology and methodology and to create a theological education that is relevant today and in the future. Such an approach should include a Pan‐African women’s lens of faith within and outside the churches.
The Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch and All the East, and COVID‐19
Authors: Issa Theodora 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article, following a brief historical background about the Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch and All the East (SOCA), endeavours to provide a summary of the actions taken by SOCA’s Patriarchate in some of its archdioceses worldwide to lessen the impact of lockdowns on SOCA’s faithful, including but not limited to the learning and teaching of children within SOCA. The article highlights the work done especially in Australia to ensure that the impact of COVID‐19 on the church and its faithful was as minimal as possible. The article concludes with a brief discussion highlighting the lessons learned from this difficult period in the lives of SOCA, the community, and the world.
The behavioural ecology toolkit for fish management and conservation
Authors: Malone Margaret A. , Polivka Carlos M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFishes include some of the most threatened vertebrate species globally. As such, efforts to effectively conserve and manage fish populations and their habitats are vast. Here, we present conceptual tools from behavioural ecology to establish a framework for studies of fish conservation and management, connecting questions relevant to managers and practitioners with behavioural theories and methodologies. We apply predictions developed from a theory to diet choice, patch use, habitat selection, movement, and social behaviours. We present questions and issues in fisheries management and conservation for which theory, hypotheses, and methodologies would be both novel and complementary to current assessment strategies or conservation efficacy studies. In each case, theory approaches the ecological trade‐offs associated with a given behavioural trait through the lens of adaptations and fitness implications—the foundational principles of behavioural ecology. We show key methodologies used to effectively apply behavioural theory to specific hypotheses relevant to a given management question. We then compile the conceptual and methodological approaches to assemble a toolkit through which fisheries managers may assess, for example, habitat selection behaviours via novel study designs and/or new ways of interpreting commonly collected data (e.g., distribution and abundance relative to habitat type). Finally, we propose training of aquatic and marine natural resource specialists and conservation agency fish biologists be complemented with behavioural ecology theories and methodologies.
Chinese bilingual preservice teachers' reflections on translanguaging pedagogy: The need for critical language curricularization
Authors: Chang Sharon 
Published: September 2022

The ChallengeTranslanguaging, as a sociolinguistic practice, has been curricularized as a pedagogical tool for bilingual teachers. Despite its essential principle regarding the fluidity and dynamic nature of language use, translanguaging is inadvertently used by bilingual teachers as a proxy for translation and racialization rather than cultivating culturally and linguistically sustaining practices.
Analysing customers' reviews and ratings for online food deliveries: A text mining approach
Authors: Khan Farheen Mujeeb , Khan Suhail Ahmad , Shamim Khalid , Gupta Yuvika , Sherwani Shariq I. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between online reviews and ratings through text mining and empirical techniques. An Indian food delivery portal (Zomato.com) was used, where 50 restaurants on Presence Across Nation (PAN) basis were selected through stratified random sampling. A total of 2530 reviews were collected, scrutinized, and analysed. Using the NVivo software for qualitative analysis, seven themes were identified from collected reviews, out of which, the ‘delivery’ theme was explored further for identifying sub‐themes. Linear regression modelling was used to identify the variables affecting delivery ratings and sentiment analysis was also performed on the identified sub‐themes. Regression results revealed that hygiene and pricing (delivery subthemes) demonstrated lower delivery ratings. These variables can be established as indicators for restaurants and related online food delivery services to build their business model around them. Similarly, negative sentiments were observed in pricing and hygiene sub‐themes. Restaurants and online food services can enhance hygiene levels of their food delivery process in order to receive higher delivery ratings. Similarly, pricing of food items can be modified such that customers are not deterred from ordering the items—food and ordering service do not become cost‐prohibitive. This study devised a standardized methodology for analysing vast amounts of online user‐generated content (UGC). Findings from this study can be extrapolated to other sectors and service industries such as, tourism, cleaning, transportation, hospitals and engineering especially during the pandemic.
Paleo‐immunology of human anti‐carbohydrate antibodies preventing primate extinctions
Authors: Galili Uri 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo human natural anti‐carbohydrate antibodies appeared in critical evolutionary events that brought primates and hominins to brink of extinction. The first is the anti‐Gal antibody, produced in Old‐World monkeys (OWM), apes and humans. It binds the carbohydrate‐antigen ‘α‐gal epitope’ (Galα1‐3Galβ1‐4GlcNAc‐R) on carbohydrate‐chains (glycans) synthesized by non‐primate mammals, lemurs and New‐World monkeys (NWM). The second is anti‐N‐glycolylneuraminic‐acid (anti‐Neu5Gc) antibody binding Neu5Gc on glycans synthesized by OWM, apes and most non‐primate mammals. Ancestral OWM and apes synthesized α‐gal epitopes and were eliminated ~20–30 million‐years‐ago (mya). Only few accidentally mutated offspring lacking α‐gal epitopes, produced anti‐Gal and survived. Hominin‐populations living ~3 mya synthesized Neu5Gc and were eliminated, but few mutated offspring that accidently lost their ability to synthesize Neu5Gc, produced natural anti‐Neu5Gc antibody. These hominins survived and ultimately evolved into present‐day humans. It is argued that these two near‐extinction events were likely to be the result of epidemics caused by highly virulent and lethal enveloped viruses that killed parental‐populations. These viruses presented α‐gal epitopes or Neu5Gc synthesized in host‐cells of the parental‐populations. Mutated offspring survived the epidemics because they were protected from the lethal virus by the natural anti‐Gal or anti‐Neu5Gc antibodies they produced due to loss of immune‐tolerance to α‐gal epitopes or to Neu5Gc, respectively.
The spillover effect of online vigilance on employees’ absent‐mindedness and creative behaviour: A coping mechanism
Authors: Iqbal Shahzeb , Iqbal Zanaira , Ain Insya 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith the advancement in smartphone technology, employees at the workplace use cell phones and gadgets to update technological information regarding social media applications, news live‐streams, and gaming activities. As a result, there is growing concern that employees using smartphones may experience withdrawal in creativity during office hours. This study unpacks the relationship between online vigilance and creative behaviour, signifying the mediating role of absent‐mindedness and moderating role of perceived behavioural control. Data was collected from 330 IT professionals working in IT‐based organizations in Pakistan. Findings revealed that online vigilance leads to increased absent‐mindedness and has a damaging effect on employees’ creative behaviour. Meanwhile, the moderating role of perceived behavioural control may reduce the negative impact of online vigilance on mental and creative behaviour. Results support the idea that the moderating role of perceived behavioural control buffers against the adverse effects of online vigilance on creative behaviour through absent‐mindedness. The findings of this study contribute to the body of literature and theory. Additionally, they facilitate organisations to focus on employees' mindfulness interventions necessary for their creative behaviour.
Sustainable buying behaviour: An interplay of consumers’ engagement in sustainable consumption and social norms
Authors: Mansoor Mahnaz , Awan Tahir Mumtaz , Paracha Osman Sadiq 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGrounded on the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model, this study investigated the direct and indirect impact of perception of eco‐brands (PEB) and perceived consumers’ effectiveness (PCE) on consumers’ sustainable buying behaviour via consumers’ engagement in sustainable consumption. Also, the moderating role of social norms in augmenting consumers’ engagement in sustainable consumption has been assessed. Surveying 438 consumers of green electronics in Pakistan, results revealed a positive direct and indirect impact of PEB and PCE on consumers’ sustainable buying behaviour. Moreover, results showed a positive interactive effect of social norms with PEB and PCE to enhance consumers’ engagement in sustainable consumption. The results of this research are further anticipated to bridge unexplored gaps in the literature on consumers’ engagement in sustainable consumption and pro‐environmental behaviour. The current study will also establish grounds for marketing scholars to explore future research areas in the consumer behaviour domain.
The role of health and social care workers in long‐term care for elders in Poland, Czechia, Hungary and Slovakia: The transition from institutional to community care
Authors: Szweda‐Lewandowska Zofia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCare for the elderly is one of the most important socioeconomic issues arising from the ageing of the population. Given the declining workforce in the care and health sectors in many countries, difficulties exist already in fully meeting care needs. Moreover, deinstitutionalization, which involves a transition from institutional to community‐based care, requires an increase in human resources in the care and health sectors. The article addresses long‐term care systems for the elderly and the conditions affecting the possibility for the Visegrád countries (Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) to transition from a post‐socialist model (familialism by default/unsupported familialization) to a European care model based on deinstitutionalization. A further aim of the article is to show some differences in the provision of long‐term care for the elderly that are observed in Central Europe, and to underline that their specific characteristics should be taken into account when planning and designing public policies and guidelines for social policy at the European Union level.
Long‐term care in India: Capacity, need and future
Authors: Agarwal Arunika , Bloom David E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe family is the dominant player in India’s current long‐term care (LTC) system. Yet informal family‐based arrangements will be insufficient to accommodate India’s growing need for LTC due to increasing longevity and geographic mobility, the prevalence of chronic disease and disability among the elderly, and the decline of extended family living arrangements. Addressing the growing need for LTC will require a robust expansion of the current LTC system, especially its non‐familial components. This overhaul will require investments in infrastructure, human resources and legal and regulatory environments. The objectives of this study are to i) provide a descriptive summary and analysis of the LTC system in India, with attention to cross‐state heterogeneity and to the financial, social and cultural factors that impede the operation of India’s LTC system; ii) estimate and assess the current and future need for LTC and its critical financial and human inputs; and iii) critically analyse and discuss the institutions and policies, technologies and behaviours needed to bring capacity comfortably into conformance with the need for LTC.
Synthesis of a (Ti, Mo)B2 coating by electro‐codeposition in NaCl–KCl–AlCl3–MoO3 melt containing TiB2 nanoparticles
Authors: Jin Weiliang , Pang Jie , Kou Qian , Ge Chuntao , Zhu Hongmin , Haarberg Geir Martin , Xiao Saijun , Zhang Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper demonstrates the availability of electro‐codeposition (i.e., the simultaneous occurrence of electrophoretic deposition of nanoparticles and electrochemical deposition of metal ions) in molten salts without the assistance of stirring of the bath. In molten NaCl–KCl–AlCl3–MoO3 system containing TiB2 nanoparticles at 710°C, the electro‐codeposition of TiB2 nanoparticles and Mo(VI) ions has been achieved, and a (Ti, Mo)B2 coating has been prepared.
NaSr2Nb5O15:Yb3+, Ho3+, Tm3+ transparent glass ceramics: Up‐conversion optical thermometry and energy storage property
Authors: Xing Junhao , Luo Feng , Qin Yaoyi , Luo Ying , Gao Zhixin , Shang Fei , Chen Guohua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRare earth tri‐doped precursor glasses (PGs) were prepared by traditional high‐temperature melting method, and NaSr2Nb5O15 transparent glass–ceramic (GC) was obtained by subsequent heat treatment. Results exhibit that the up‐conversion emission intensity of GC is greatly enhanced compared to PG. Benefiting from the multiple emission bands from Ho3+ and Tm3+ and their different temperature dependence, multi‐ratio optical temperature measurement is realized. The ultimate relative sensitivity (Sr‐max) can reach 2.00% K−1 between 298 and 598 K. It provides a possibility for self‐reference temperature measurement. Furthermore, under the actual charging and discharge conditions, the GC heated at 750°C has great energy density (Wd = 1.15 J/cm3@600 kV/cm) and high‐power density (Pd = 290.4 MW/cm3@600 kV/cm) with ultrafast discharge time (<15.8 ns). The previous results indicate that the obtained GC with good multifunctional properties is expected to be applied in the field of photoelectric conversion.