bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical features of atypical depression in bipolar and recurrent affective disorders, psychogenic depression
Authors: Tyuvina N. A. , Verbitskaya M. S. , Krenkel G. I. , Efremova E. N. 
Published: April 2022

Objective: to perform a comparative study of the clinical features of atypical depression (AtD) in affective disorders of various origins: in bipolar affective disorder (BAD), recurrent depressive disorder (RDR) and psychogenic depression (PD).Patients and methods. A sample of 250 depressed patients aged 18 to 65 years were examined, of which 77 participants (50 women and 27 men) with symptoms of AtD were included to the study. Group 1 included 35 patients with BAD, group 2 – 18 patients with RDR, and group 3 – 24 patients with diagnoses including PD. The patients' condition was assessed using the diagnostic criteria for affective disorders according to ICD-10 and DSM-5 with a Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).Results and discussion. AtD detection rate was 30.8%, including 45.4% in BAD, 23.4% – in RDR, and 31.2% – in PD. AtD manifested at the age of about 20 years, and was more common in women. AtD in BAD occurred more often in individuals with cycloid, hyperthymic, and hysterical features. Affective fluctuations before the disease onset, a significantly greater number of depressive episodes in history were characteristic. The most frequent typical depressive symptoms included: daily and seasonal mood fluctuations, morning deterioration of well-being, decreased appetite. High comorbidity with metabolic endocrine diseases was observed. AtD in RDR often began spontaneously in individuals with emotionally labile, psychasthenic, and hysterical features. The most common typical depressive symptoms included melancholy, derealization, weakness, ideas of self-accusation, suicidal thoughts and attempts. A high comorbidity with cardiovascular diseases was found. AtD in PD occurred more often in psychasthenic individuals. The most characteristic symptoms included: increased appetite, anxiety, asthenia, superficial night sleep, hypochondriacal inclusions. Comorbidity with skin and gastrointestinal diseases was observed.Conclusion. The identified features of the clinical picture and course of AtD in BAD, RDR, and PD can be used for earlier and more accurate evaluation of affective disorders and the adequate treatment administration.
Changes in expression of miRNAs from the DLK1-DIO3 locus are characteristic of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis regardless of the disease activity
Authors: Baulina N. M. , Kabaeva A. R. , Boyko A. N. , Favorova O. O. 
Published: April 2022

The role of miRNAs – small, regulatory, noncoding RNAs – in the multiple sclerosis (MS) development is being intensively investigated. Previously, we the first who observed a significant increase in the expression of 26 microRNA genes localized in the DLK1-DIO3 locus in men with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), using RNA sequencing.Objective: to evaluate the possible involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of the activity of the pathological process in RRMS by comparing the miRNA genes expression levels from this locus in patients in remission, relapse, and healthy individuals, separately for men and women.Patients and methods. Analysis of miR-431-5p, miR-127-3p, miR-379, miR-376c, miR-381, miR-410 and miR-656-3p microRNA expression was performed by reverse transcription and subsequent real-time polymerase chain reaction in PBMCs of 16 patients in the relapse stage, 20 patients in remission who did not receive immunomodulatory drugs, and 20 healthy individuals.Results and discussion. The expression levels of all studied miRNAs did not differ in patients in remission and relapse stages, in men and women. At the same time, men (in remission and relapse) showed a significant increase in the levels of all miRNAs compared with healthy men; in women, no changes in expression were observed. A high level of correlation of miRNA expression from the DLK1-DIO3 locus was shown in both patients and healthy individuals from the control group, regardless of gender. Coexpression was observed not only for miRNA genes from the same cluster (14q32.2 or 14q32.31), but also for genes from different clusters.Conclusion. The miRNAs genes from the DLK1-DIO3 locus are involved in the pathophysiology of RMS onset, but not in the processes associated with the transition from remission to relapses. The high consistency of miRNA expression, regardless of the localization of their genes within this region, suggests the presense of a common mechanism that regulates their transcription.
Treatment of mental disorders of generative cycle in women
Authors: Medvedev V. E. 
Published: April 2022

The clinical and etiological diversity of depressive, anxiety, dysmorphic and psychotic disorders of the generative cycle in women necessitates an integrated approach to evaluation and treatment methods.During an individual approach to treatment administration, it is necessary to take into account the risk factors (heredity, comorbid disorders, gender, age, etc.) of adverse events, the spectrum of endocrine side effects characteristic of each drug, the balance of drug efficacy and safety.The effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy, including in combination with “fortifying” drugs, vitamins, dietary supplements, physiotherapy, in mental disorders has not been proven.Psychopharmacotherapy should include modern antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics with an emphasis on good tolerance, a minimum of adverse events, compatibility with hormonal therapy, and ease of dosing.Psychotherapy, psychological support and psycho-correction can reduce the severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms and significantly increase the treatment effectiveness.
Explicit Nikulin configurations on Kummer surfaces
Authors: Roulleau Xavier , Sarti Alessandra 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A Nikulin configuration is the data of 16 disjoint smooth rational curves on a K3 surface. According to results of Nikulin, the existence of a Nikulin configuration means that the K3 surface is a Kummer surface, moreover the abelian surface from the Kummer structure is determined by the 16 curves. In the paper [16], we constructed explicitly non-isomorphic Kummer structures on some Kummer surfaces. In this paper we generalize the construction to Kummer surfaces with a weaker restriction on the degree of the polarization and we describe some cases where the previous construction does not work.
Unconditionally positive NSFD and classical finite difference schemes for biofilm formation on medical implant using Allen-Cahn equation
Authors: Tijani Yusuf O. , Appadu Appanah R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study of biofilm formation is becoming increasingly important. Microbes that produce biofilms have complicated impact on medical implants. In this paper, we construct an unconditionally positive non-standard finite difference scheme for a mathematical model of biofilm formation on a medical implant. The unknowns in many applications reflect values that cannot be negative, such as chemical component concentrations or population numbers. The model employed here uses the bistable Allen-Cahn partial differential equation, which is a generalization of Fisher’s equation. We study consistency and convergence of the scheme constructed. We compare the performance of our scheme with a classical finite difference scheme using four numerical experiments. The technique used in the construction of unconditionally positive method in this study can be applied to other areas of mathematical biology and sciences. The results here elaborate the benefits of the non-standard approximations over the classical approximations in practical applications.
A topological proof of Sklar’s theorem in arbitrary dimensions
Authors: Benth Fred Espen , Nunno Giulia Di , Schroers Dennis 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Copulas are appealing tools in multivariate probability theory and statistics. Nevertheless, the transfer of this concept to infinite dimensions entails some nontrivial topological and functional analytic issues, making a deeper theoretical understanding indispensable toward applications. In this short work, we transfer the well-known property of compactness of the set of copulas in finite dimensions to the infinite-dimensional framework. As an application, we prove Sklar’s theorem in infinite dimensions via a topological argument and the notion of inverse systems.
Stable vector bundles on generalized Kummer varieties
Authors: Reede Fabian , Zhang Ziyu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor an abelian surfaceA, we explicitly construct two new families of stable vector bundles on the generalized Kummer varietyKn⁢(A){K_{n}(A)}forn⩾2{n\geqslant 2}. The first is the family of tautological bundles associated to stable bundles onA, and the second is the family of the “wrong-way” fibers of a universal family of stable bundles on the dual abelian surfaceA^{\widehat{A}}parametrized byKn⁢(A){K_{n}(A)}. Each family exhibits a smooth connected component in the moduli space of stable bundles onKn⁢(A){K_{n}(A)}, which is holomorphic symplectic but not simply connected, contrary to the case of K3 surfaces.
Offshore wind transmission in the United States. A collectivist culture versus Europe’s individualistic approach?
Authors: Matathia Alexander , Xydis George 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the benefits of an offshore wind transmission backbone grid for the east coast of the United States are discussed. It is explained why this is a more structured approach than a traditional radial grid where each wind farm project has its own export cable connection onshore. In this study, it was revealed that following an individualistic approach that Europe has followed so far in the wind offshore transmission, strategically, is more costly and time-consuming, including long-lasting permission processes. However, States by following a more collectivistic approach and by working synergistically towards implementing a backbone grid, it may be possible to reduce costs and save time.
The use of discourse expertise to control the provision of legal services and establish discursive hegemony in commercial law practice: a case study from Europe
Authors: Townley Anthony 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study examines the commercial law context in which two different law firms representing the same company client engaged in hegemonic discourses to establish control over the provision of legal services for an international Merger and Acquisition (M&A) transaction, which was negotiated across different European jurisdictions in English. The ability to construct and maintain discursive hegemony can help strengthen a dominant position for lawyers in a competitive market for professional services. For this type of professional activity,discursive hegemonyrelates to power that is achieved through discourse expertise, and the way it was used to prioritize legal advice about a contentious issue and persuade the other discourse participants to accept it. Discourse expertise involves the ability to access and leverage disciplinary knowledge and deploy a range of discursive-communicative strategies to deal with contested orders of interactional discourse. In conjunction with discourse and genre analysis of authentic negotiation documents and emails sourced from one of the participating law firms in Istanbul, the research process involved on-site interviews at the law firm to obtain grounded explanations of the discursive strategies and practices used by lawyers actually involved in the M&A negotiation process. This ethnographic research also revealed how hegemonic features of discourse expertise are operationalized under the law firm’s mentoring system to the point where they become embedded in its disciplinary culture and professional reputation.
Cat swarm optimization algorithm based on the information interaction of subgroup and the top-N learning strategy
Authors: Songyang Li , Haipeng Yu , Miao Wang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Because of the lack of interaction between seeking mode cats and tracking mode cats in cat swarm optimization (CSO), its convergence speed and convergence accuracy are affected. An information interaction strategy is designed between seeking mode cats and tracking mode cats to improve the convergence speed of the CSO. To increase the diversity of each cat, a top-N learning strategy is proposed during the tracking process of tracking mode cats to improve the convergence accuracy of the CSO. On ten standard test functions, the average values, standard deviations, and optimal values of the proposed algorithm with different N values are compared with the original CSO algorithm and the adaptive cat swarm algorithm based on dynamic search (ADSCSO). Experimental results show that the global search ability and the convergence speed of the proposed algorithm are significantly improved on all test functions. The proposed two strategies will improve the convergence accuracy and convergence speed of CSO greatly.
Central adrenal insufficiency screening with morning plasma cortisol and ACTH levels in Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Angulo Moris A. , Butler Merlin G. , Hossain Waheeda A. , Castro-Magana Mariano , Corletto Jorge 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder with severe hypotonia, failure to thrive, childhood obesity, hypogonadism/hypogenitalism and learning/behavioral problems with endocrine-related growth and other hormone deficiencies. The prevalence of central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) using dynamic testing ranges from rare to 60%. We compared routine morning plasma cortisol (MPC) and ACTH levels in large cohorts of PWS and control children to address CAI.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of MPC and ACTH levels was undertaken in 128 PWS growth hormone (GH)-treated children under medical care before considering dynamic testing for CAI and 128 non-syndromic control children with short stature evaluated for GH deficiency.

Results
The average MPC level in PWS was 9.7 ± 3.7 μg/dL with no difference in age, gender or PWS genetic subtype and 13.4 ± 5.7 μg/dL in the control group. MPC levels were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in PWS but in the normal range. The morning plasma ACTH level in the PWS group was 22.1 ± 8.0 pg/mL with one individual having an initial low plasma ACTH level (8 pg/mL), but normal upon repeat.

Conclusions
MPC levels in PWS are normal and comparable with control children, without evidence or increased risk of CAI. Lower but normal MPC levels were seen in PWS and suggestive of reduced local regeneration of cortisol from cortisone in adipose tissue by the GH-IGF-I system. Hence, MPC measures alone or in combination with ACTH should be considered for initial screening for CAI in PWS but prior to dynamic testing.
Liquefaction and chemical composition of walnut shells
Authors: Domingos Idalina , Ferreira José , Cruz-Lopes Luísa P. , Esteves Bruno 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe cultivation of walnut (Juglans regiaL.) for the exploitation of the fruit has been increasingly recognized worldwide; therefore, it is important to valorize a large amount of biomass from walnut shells (WS), where liquefaction may play an important role. This work intends to contribute to an improved understanding of the best uses for this material. The assays were made with a binary mixture of ethylene glycol and glycerol (1:1 v/v) as solvents, catalyzed by sulfuric acid. The tested parameters were as follows: particle size >0.420–0.177 mm, temperature 140–200°C, and reaction time between 15 and 60 min. The initial dried material, the liquefied material, and the resulting solid residue were analyzed by FTIR-ATR for polyol characterization. The results showed that WS are mostly composed of lignin with 35.0% and polysaccharides, 30.0% cellulose and 24.9% hemicelluloses. High-lignin content indicated that WS might be used as a bio-fuel or adhesives. Extractives represent 10.2% with almost half (4.6%) of polar extractives. The best conditions to attain the optimal liquefaction yield were 160°C, 30 min, and 0.420–0.250 mm particle size, for the tested parameters. FTIR spectrum of the liquefied material is very different from the original material, and solid residue spectra seem to indicate that there is higher liquefaction of polysaccharides when compared with lignin since there is a higher absorption at 1,600 cm−1and lower absorption at 1,040 cm−1and that liquefied compounds are probably in smaller molecules.
Fabaceae: a significant flavonoid source for plant and human health
Authors: Noviany Noviany , Hadi Sutopo , Nofiani Risa , Lotulung Puspa Dewi , Osman Hasnah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Fabaceae is recognized as the third largest and one of the most influential families among the flowering plants. Furthermore, its name is linked to “Legumes”, which represent a vast group of angiosperms in the continents utilized as crops, forages, and green manures. It is recognized for diverse constituents, covering both primary metabolites include lectins, chitinases, various proteases, and α-amylase inhibitors, as well as secondary metabolites include flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, and phenolics. Fabaceae flavonoid plays an important role in the legumes’ adaptability to biological surroundings as defensive agents (phytoalexins) and as chemical signals in a symbiotic relationship with a bacterial species known as rhizobia. Considering their important role in plant defense and benefits to human healthiness, a number of studies on the Fabaceae plant have been performed, namely isolation and screening of the purified compounds and their biological activity. This study outlines specified issues on the chemical structure, biosynthesis, biological activities, and medicinal uses of Fabaceae compounds.
Lernersprache, Aufgabe und Modalität: Beobachtungen zu Texten aus dem Schweizer Lernerkorpus SWIKO
Authors: Karges Katharina , Studer Thomas , Hicks Nina Selina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter introduces the multilingual Swiss learner corpus SWIKO while also exploring effects of contextual factors on teenage learner productions in instructed foreign language settings. Corpus-based language acquisition research relies on learner language data usually elicited through a range of tasks. However, task characteristics and conditions may influence the extent to which learners can demonstrate their language competences. To tackle this challenge, careful attention was devoted to the systematic variation of parameters (eight different tasks, solved orally or by writing, in the language of schooling or one or two foreign languages, or paper- or computer-based). These are first discussed in light of the overall composition of our corpus. We then focus on the German sub-corpus, reporting findings regarding text length, lexical diversity, and cross-linguistic influence. Our analyses reveal both quantitative and qualitative differences depending on task type and modality, and show large intra- as well as interindividual variation among learners. Despite the limitation of a (currently) small oral data set, these initial findings emphasize the crucial role of contextual factors in data collection and raise concerns about the generalizability and comparability of basic-level learner productions.
The Hydraulic Properties of Aquabeads Considering Forchheimer Flow and Local Heterogeneity
Authors: Yan Guanxi , Ma Ye , Scheuermann Alexander , Li Ling 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A transparent water-based polymer named Aquabeads has been recently applied to model natural soil because its high transparency facilitates studies of the geotechnical problems using the visual technique. Before physically modelling flow in the hydrated Aquabeads, it is necessary to determine its hydraulic properties. According to many previous studies, the noncrushed Aquabeads were gravel-size particles but had the hydraulic conductivity (k) of clean medium sand under unconsolidated conditions. For investigating this inconsistency, the constant head tests are conducted using a rigid wall permeameter in this study. The preliminary results show that the k calculated using Darcy’s law highly agree with prior studies. However, the nonlinearity between the hydraulic gradients and Reynolds numbers (Re &gt; 1) indicates the non-Darcy flow regime. Also, an initial hydraulic gradient was observed, thus raising concerns about local heterogeneity. With multiple manometer readings, the analysis for each layer shows that the k decreases from top to bottom with flow regimes transition. After each test, a layer of crushed samples was found on the porous plate when unloading the specimen. In conclusion, Darcy’s law is only robust to calculate the k of partially crushed Aquabeads for Re &lt; 1. Instead, Forchheimer flow should be considered in future physical modelling work for Re &gt; 1. The inconsistency is due to inevitably sample crushing.
Neurons in the Dorsomedial Hypothalamus Promote, Prolong, and Deepen Torpor in the Mouse
Authors: Ambler Michael , Hitrec Timna , Wilson Andrew , Cerri Matteo , Pickering Anthony 
Published: April 2022

Torpor is a naturally occurring, hypometabolic, hypothermic state engaged by a wide range of animals in response to imbalance between the supply and demand for nutrients. Recent work has identified some of the key neuronal populations involved in daily torpor induction in mice, in particular, projections from the preoptic area of the hypothalamus to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH). The DMH plays a role in thermoregulation, control of energy expenditure, and circadian rhythms, making it well positioned to contribute to the expression of torpor. We used activity-dependent genetic TRAPing techniques to target DMH neurons that were active during natural torpor bouts in female mice. Chemogenetic reactivation of torpor-TRAPed DMH neurons in calorie-restricted mice promoted torpor, resulting in longer and deeper torpor bouts. Chemogenetic inhibition of torpor-TRAPed DMH neurons did not block torpor entry, suggesting a modulatory role for the DMH in the control of torpor. This work adds to the evidence that the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and the DMH form part of a circuit within the mouse hypothalamus that controls entry into daily torpor.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDaily heterotherms, such as mice, use torpor to cope with environments in which the supply of metabolic fuel is not sufficient for the maintenance of normothermia. Daily torpor involves reductions in body temperature, as well as active suppression of heart rate and metabolism. How the CNS controls this profound deviation from normal homeostasis is not known, but a projection from the preoptic area to the dorsomedial hypothalamus has recently been implicated. We demonstrate that the dorsomedial hypothalamus contains neurons that are active during torpor. Activity in these neurons promotes torpor entry and maintenance, but their activation alone does not appear to be sufficient for torpor entry.
The United States and the Development of the Puerto Rican Status
Question, 1936–1968
Authors: Bhana Surendra 
Published: April 2022

This study traces the evolution of political status in Puerto Rico from
1936 to 1968, with special emphasis on the events that led to the creation
of the Commonwealth in 1952. No other work published in English has dealt
with the Puerto Rican status question in such detail.
The central problem in the status debate has been: how to strike a happy
balance between Puerto Rico’s economic needs, which could be filled through
uninterrupted association with the United States, and the cultural
divergence between the mainland and the island. Bringing together new and
significant information drawn from government records and personal papers of
U.S. officials, this book will be of interest to all serious students of
Puerto Rican affairs, as well as to U.S. and Puerto Rican government and
political leaders.