bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of the Controlling Nutritional Status score in patients with esophageal cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor
Authors: Chang Lele , Cheng Qian , Ma Qian , He Lei , Li Qingwei , Tao Ji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: In recent years, a growing number of clinical studies have shown that immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) can increase the remission rate and improve the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a novel nutritional indicator that can predict the prognosis of certain malignancies. However, no one has yet pointed to its role in ICI treatment in patients with esophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of CONUT score in patients with esophageal cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 69 patients with advanced esophageal cancer treated with ICI. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, we chose 1 as the optimal cut-off value (AUC; 0.619, 95%CI: 0.477-0.762; sensitivity 0.565; specificity 0.696), and divided 69 patients into the low CONUT and the high CONUT groups. We assessed the relationship between clinicopathological factors including CONUT score, systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the prognosis.Results: In univariate analysis, we found that the CONUT score, NLR could predict progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (P<0.05); in multivariate analysis, the CONUT score and SII, NLR were an independent prognostic factor for OS (P<0.05). Furthermore, among patients treated with ICI, a high CONUT score was associated with a significantly worse PFS and OS compared with a low CONUT group.Conclusion: The CONUT can be used to predict the efficacy and prognosis of ICI therapy in patients with esophageal cancer. Our studies have shown that the CONUT score can be used as an effective indicator for the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer receiving ICI.
MMP9 is a prognostic marker for bladder cancer and relates to the Immune Cell Infiltration in the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Lin HanSheng , Liu WanWan , Feng NengZhuo , He JingWei , Liang Jian , Zhong ShuangZe , Chen ShangJin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most common human cancers while its incidence is on the rise, especially in female. The tumor microenvironment (TME) acts a significant part in the development and progression of the tumor. We surveyed the expression profiles of BLCA in the Cancer Genome Atlas Program database and investigated genes that might affect the composition of tumor microenvironment (TME). We then analyzed the relationship between genes and tumor prognosis, looking for immune prognostic markers which might lead to new styles for the diagnosis and treatment of BLCA.
Methods
We got the RNA-seq data of BLCA from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA); utilized the Estimation of Stromal and Immune Cells in the Malignant Tissues Expression (ESTIMATE) data algorithm to compute the immune and stromal score. The differentially expressed genes were performed to COX regression analysis and used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network.
Results
Intersection analysis demonstrated that Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) is the only crossover gene. We computed the percent of tumor infiltrating immune cells (TICs) in BLCA through the Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm. The differences in the high and low expression group of MMP9 in TICs were established. The expression levels of MMP9 in each kind of TICs were then correlated. Via survival, clinical, and enrichment analyses, MMP9 was found to be an immune prognostic factor for BLCA and act a significant part in the tumor microenvironment. Ultimately, the correlation analysis between MMP9 and the immune checkpoint genes indicated that MMP9 can forecast the effect of immunotherapy on BLCA.
Conclusion
MMP9 is an immune prognostic marker gene. MMP9 is involved in regulating the immunological process of BLCA through multiple pathways and is closely related to PD-1 and CTLA4 immune targets. The expression of MMP9 may impact the prognosis of BLCA, indicating that it may be a prognostic-related marker of BLCA.
Comparison of Two Validated Instruments to Measure Financial Hardship in Cancer Survivors: Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) versus Personal Financial Wellness (PFW) Scale
Authors: D'Rummo Kevin A. , Nganga David , Chollet-Hinton Lynn , Shen Xinglei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
PurposeFinancial distress and financial toxicity are recognized challenges in cancer survivorship. There is currently no universally accepted instrument to quantify patient-reported financial hardship. We hypothesized that financial distress is correlated to financial toxicity. We compared two widely accepted instruments to measure financial distress and financial toxicity. MethodsPatients in the follow-up phase of care at a single institution were surveyed regarding demographic and economic status. Financial toxicity was measured using the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity – Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness (COST-FACIT) and financial distress using the Personal Financial Wellness (PFW) Scale. Surveys were analyzed for correlation and internal consistency. Patient score distributions were compared. Associations between survey scores and patient factors were assessed using multivariable linear regression models.ResultsA total of 116 patients were included. Scores from the COST-FACIT showed a strong correlation with PFW scores (r =0.90, p <0.0001). Scale reliability was high for both the COST-FACIT (α =0.92) and PFW (α =0.97) surveys. Score distributions exhibited left skew for both surveys, with 9.5% of patient scores falling in the worst quartile of possible scores on each respective survey. The strongest predictors of financial distress and financial toxicity included young age, lower monetary savings, lower household income, and less perceived social support during cancer treatment. ConclusionsThe COST-FACIT measure of financial toxicity correlated strongly with PFW measure of financial distress. Although these instruments were designed to assess different concepts (financial distress vs financial toxicity), they gave strikingly similar results. Either instrument may be used as a meaningful patient-reported outcome for study of financial hardship in cancer survivors.
Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related Genes Are Potential Biomarkers for Prognostic Prediction and Clinical Guidance in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Jingze , Yang Xin , Guo Jinlu , Liu Shi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality. Fatty acid metabolism is associated with the development and treatment of HCC. This study aimed to build a fatty acid metabolism-related gene model to evaluate the prognosis of HCC patients and provide guidance for individualized treatment.Methods: RNA-sequencing data of HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were extracted as the training set and validation set. Fatty acid metabolism-related genes predictive signature was built using univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses. The predictive value of prognostic model was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves, ROC curves, univariate and multivariate Cox regression. In addition, the immune infiltration and drug sensitivity were also explored.Results: A twelve-gene fatty acid metabolism-related risk signature was constructed. Patients were divided into low-risk and high-risk groups according to risk scores. High-risk patients with the higher risk scores had a poor prognosis. Then, univariate and multivariate Cox regression showed that risk score was an independent risk factor for the overall survival of HCC. K-M and ROC curves further verified the predictive value of the signature. Besides, nomograms were drawn and exhibited the good performance in the prognostic prediction. Finally, the immune cell infiltration and sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs exhibited a correlation with different risk levels.Conclusion: This novel fatty acid metabolism-related gene predictive signature may be useful for improving prognosis evaluation and individualized treatment for HCC patients.
Sulforaphane Enhances the Anticancer Properties of Paclitaxel in Two Human Derived Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Habib Tito N. , Altonsy Mohamed O. , Ghanem Salah A. , Salama Mohammed S. , Hosny Mai A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
In cancer therapy, combined treatment results in synergistic or additive outcomes and reduces the development of drug resistance in response to anticancer agents compared with monotherapy. We propose that when Paclitaxel (Taxol, PTX) is combined with sulforaphane (SFN), may result in better treatment outcomes in prostate cancer.
Methods
We measured apoptosis, cell cycle, and expression of Bax and Bcl2 in response to the PTX and SFN individual and combined treatments. Cell lines (PC-3) and (LNCaP), were individually treated with different concentrations of PTX, SFN, and its combination. Annexin V/PI positivity and data analysis were conducted using a flow cytometer and guava data acquisition and analysis software. Graph-Pad Prism 6, and Microsoft Excel software were used for statistical analyses and graphs generation. Student’s t-tests or one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s correction were used to determine the significant difference between treatments.
Results
The effect of the PTX or SNF treatments on reducing cell viability increased in a dose-dependent manner. Combined treatment enhanced PTX’s effects and reduced the EC50 values of both drugs compared to individual treatments. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that PTX or SFN treatments redistributed cell-cycle phases by inducing S-phase arrest and increasing apoptotic cell population in PC-3 cells. Such effects were enhanced in the PTX + SFN combination group. Interestingly, the necrotic cells’ numbers were not affected by the combination treatments. Caspase-3 cleavage and morphological deformations of the cell nuclei are signs of apoptotic cell death; such parameters were examined by western blot and fluorescent microscopy in response to individual and combination treatments.
Conclusion
The PTX or SNF differentially modulated the expression of Bax and Bcl2 in PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines, and the combined treatment enhanced these effects in favor of cell apoptosis versus survival. These findings will help develop new biomarkers and guide therapy choices.
Tribological, Oxidation and Thermal Conductivity Studies of Microwave Synthesised Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS 2 ) Nanoparticles as Nano-Additives in Diesel Based Engine Oil
Authors: Nagarajan Thachnatharen , Khalid Mohammad , Srid Nanthini , Jagadish Priyanka , Shahabuddin Syed , Muthoosamy Kasturi , Walvekar Rashmi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this research, Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticle was synthesised via microwave synthesis. Later, the nanoparticles were dispersed in SAE 20W50 diesel engine oil to formulate the nanolubricant. The results show that nanolubricant with 0.01 wt.% MoS2 concentration showed the coefficient of friction (COF), average wear scar diameter (WSD) decreased by 19.24%, 19.52%, respectively, compared to the base oil. The nanolubricant with 0.01 wt.% concentration of MoS2 nanoparticle showed the enhancement of 61.15% in Oxidation Induction Time (OIT) in comparison to the base oil. Furthermore, MoS2 addition within the base oil demonstrates a ~ 10% improvement in thermal conductivity compared to the base oil.
Recurrence Risk Factors of Intravitreal Ranibizumab Monotherapy in Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Retrospective Study at One Center
Authors: Wu Fengyue , Yu Wenting , Zhao Daixin , Pu Wei , Zhang Xue , Gai Chunliu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) recurrence in patients with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) treatments after long-term follow-up are unclear, so we aimed to identify risk factors of recurrence of this disorder after IVR monotherapy.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 33 eyes of 19 patients who underwent initial IVR treatments for type 1 ROP at our center between April 1, 2016 and December 31, 2017. Patient demographics, the side of ROP, multiple gestations, Apgar scores, zone, stage, plus disease, postmenstrual age at injection, surfactant therapy, blood transfusion therapy, hemorrhage before IVR, hemorrhage after IVR, gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy-induced hypertension, anemia, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, carbohemia, and congenital heart defects were recorded. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals were determined after adjusting for potential confounders using multivariate proportional Cox regression. Results: Of the 33 eyes, 12 (36.4%) had ROP recurrences 45.3 (5.1, 50.9) months after initial IVR treatments. The independent risk factors for ROP recurrences were zone [Ⅱ vs. Ⅰ, hazard ratio (HR): 0.056, P = 0.003] and gestational diabetes mellitus (no vs. yes, HR: 0.095, P < 0.001). The mean uncorrected visual acuity for four recurrence eyes was 0.46 logMAR (0.13, 0.70) at 55.0 (51.0, 58.9) months after the initial IVR treatment. The mean uncorrected visual acuity for 10 eyes without recurrence was 0.46 logMAR (0.19, 0.63) at 48.0 (43.8, 58.4) months after the initial IVR treatment.Conclusions: We identified two independent risk factors for type 1 ROP recurrence after IVR treatment involving zone Ⅰ and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the mean uncorrected visual acuity was 0.46 logMAR at 51.0 (44.0, 58.9) months. The findings of this study are important for follow-up management and for improving the visual function of ROP patients.
Predictive Effect of Spatial Protein Signature in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Bispecific Antibody (KN046) Immunotherapy
Authors: Song Xinyu , Xiong Anwen , Jiang Tao , Chen Peixin , Li Xuefei , Wu Fengying , Zhang Xiaoshen , Zhao Zhikai , Cheng Lei , Zhao Chao , Wang Zhehai , Chen Dawei , Wu Xiaoqian , Xu Shengqiang , Xu Ting , Su Xiaofan , Zhou Caicun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy, targeting programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4, has shown significant antitumor activity and favourable safety profile in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while predictive biomarkers remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the predictive effect of spatial protein expression signature of KN046, a bispecific antibody (bsAb), as a treatment in advanced NSCLC patients.
Methods
Digital spatial profiling was used to investigate protein expression in both tumor and stroma areas of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections at baseline. Regions of interests (ROIs) were recorded after tricolor fluorescence labeling. The geometric means of different protein expression of different response groups were combined to construct the tumor signature, the stroma signature and the tumor + stroma signature. The accurate score was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve (AUC).
Results
Eight patients with partial response (PR) and nine with progressive disease (PD) were enrolled in the study. Among 133 ROIs, 14 proteins expressed differently between PR and PD groups (both P < 0.05). Among tumor areas, tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 4, CD276, B-cell lymphoma-2 and CD45RO were highly expressed in PR group, while transmembrane protein 173 was highly expressed in PD group (both P < 0.05). Among stroma areas, PR group exhibited a greater expression of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3), PD-L1, complement component 3 receptor 4 subunit (CD11c) and Beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) than those in PD group (P < 0.05). The stroma signature showed a superior predictive performance (AUC = 0.840, P < 0.05) to the tumor + stroma signature (AUC = 0.732, P < 0.05) and the tumor signature (AUC = 0.670, P < 0.05). The predictive effect of the stroma signature was much better than that of PD-L1 expression or tumor mutation burden.
Conclusions
In NSCLC, we firstly found that there are differences in the expression of immune-related proteins in different spatial regions. And we successfully developed a stroma signature with Tim-3/PD-L1/CD11c/B2M which could better predict the response to KN046. This signature might potentially complement the limitations of PD-L1 and TMB measurements and be useful in clinical practice about bsAbs.
Pyrotinib in patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer: A multicenter, retrospective, real-world study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Li Zhaohui , Han Linlin , Lv Zheng , Teng Yuee , Cui Xiujie , Zhou Caiyun , Wu Hongwei , Fang Wei , Xu Lingzhi , Zhao Shanshan , Song Chen , Zheng Yuanyuan , Gao Tianqi , Li Man 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Pyrotinib, a novel human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), was approved for second-line standards of treatment for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC) in China. This real-world study aimed to assess the actual efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in HER2+ ABC.Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective, observational real-world study, we analyzed 171 patients with HER2+ ABC, who received pyrotinib-based treatment from November 2017 to November 2020. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Up to November 30, 2021, the median PFS (mPFS) was 12.0 months (95% CI, 10.4-13.6) for all patients. When compared with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) of 2-4, patients with the ECOG-PS of 0-1 had significant longer PFS (12.9 months vs. 6.7 months, p<0.0001). Patients receiving pyrotinib as first-line treatment demonstrated a significantly longer PFS than those who received pyrotinib as second-line or beyond treatment (13.0 months vs. 10.7 months, p=0.020). Furthermore, lapatinib-naive patients exhibited a significant longer mPFS compared to lapatinib-treated patients (12.2 months vs. 8.1 months, p=0.021). One hundred and sixty-two patients (94.7%) with measurable lesions had been included in efficacy assessment, and objective response rate (ORR) was 45.1%. The most common adverse event (AE) was diarrhea (86.5%). Conclusion: Pyrotinib dramatically improved the clinical outcomes of HER2+ ABC with imaginable toxicities, especially for patients who received first-line treatment and had the ECOG-PS of 0-1, as well as those who were lapatinib-naive.Trial registration: ChiCTR2100051632, Sep 28, 2021
Compressive Test of Concrete With Teak Wood Attached Waste Iron Lathe as a Replacement of Coarse Aggregate
Authors: TRIASTUTI NUSA SETIANI , Sutanto Muhammad Restu , indriasari  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The research team thought about the sustainability of concrete material because the stone used every year will be exhausted for the next generation. Innovation material renewable, sustainable, and waste materials required. This is pre-research teak wood used as a mixture to reduce coarse aggregate stone, added containing lathe waste to give friction to the wood. Objective: find an alternative coarse aggregate, with renewable and sustainable materials. Experimental methods in laboratories with relatively high quality are widely used in construction projects in Indonesia.Standard quality plan of concrete fc29.05 MPa, variation t 1 coarse aggregate teak wood 10%, variation t 2 teak 9.5%, lathe waste 5%. Test results of standard concrete 28.87 MPa, 13.70 MPa Variation 1 drop 52.75.. % and 14.24 MPa variation 2 drops 49.18 % The failure of standard concrete experienced large cracks, while variations 1 and 2 were smaller, which means it is not brittle and light, which is advantageous in applying the concrete structure for buildings. The conclusion. alternative use of teak wood waste material, especially attached iron lathe filler waste, is very useful for the sustainability of the use of concrete. However, mixed concrete design requires a higher concrete quality to achieve applied concrete
Identification of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Networks to investigate lung adenocarcinoma pathogenesis based on whole-transcriptome analysis
Authors: JUAN YANG JUAN , Li Qian , Gu Yi lu , Bian Ting ting , Shi Jiahai , Liu Yi fei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The progression of lymph node metastasis has been elucidated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), whist which and how transcripts worked in this process remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the markers and potential mechanism of lymph node metastasis in LUAD.
Methods
The whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed on the whole blood from the non-nodal metastasis (LUAD_low), lymph node metastasis (LUAD_high) lung adenocarcinoma patients and healthy people (Control). Subsequently, differential expression analysis among three groups was performed, followed by functional interaction prediction analysis to investigate gene-regulatory circuits in LUAD development. Then, following the rigorous selection, the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) networks mainly involved in ferroptosis were discovered, and a few of the miRNAs (such as hsa-miR-6509-3p, hsa-miR-6511a-3p, hsa-miR-6803-3p) and their central target gene (IREB2) were validated in clinical specimens through qRT-PCR assays.
Results
Our results identified 75 differentially expressed messenger RNAs (dif-mRNAs), 125 differentially expressed microRNAs (dif-miRNAs), and 880 differentially expressed circular RNAs (dif-circRNAs) in non-nodal metastasis LUAD samples compared with Control; similarly, 352 dif-mRNAs, 3 dif-miRNAs, and 270 dif-circRNAs were found in advanced-stage LUAD compared with Control samples. Then the most comprehensive circRNA-associated ceRNA networks were constructed in the pathogenesis and metastasis of LUAD, respectively. Additionally, ferroptosis-associated miRNAs (such as hsa-miR-6509-3p, hsa-miR-6511a-3p, hsa-miR-6803-3p) were both significantly upregulated, whilst their central target gene (IREB2) were obviously downregulated in LUAD tissues.
Conclusion
In summary, this study systematically demonstrated circRNA-associated ceRNA profiles in the development of LUAD, which could provide insights that facilitate LUAD diagnosis and therapy in the future.
Teachers’ willingness to pay for social health insurance and its determinant factors at Harar region, Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Hailu Sintayehu Girma , Firde Gizachew Abebe , Debele Aklilu Tamire , Zakaria Hamdi Fekredin , Merga Bedasa Taye 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Most developing countries are characterized by low health cost protection system for the poor and lack of risk pooling and cost sharing methods. This study aims to assess the participants’ willingness to pay for social health insurance.
Methods
Cross-sectional study was conducted. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select schools and teachers respectively. Data were collected from 323 participants. Multivariate logistic regressions was done to determine the determinants of willingness to pay for social health insurance.
Results
About 59.2% and 54% of teachers had positive attitude and good knowledge toward health insurance respectively. Of all, 89.5% had willingness to pay for social health insurance. Willingness to pay was more likely among those taught in primary school AOR = 1.85, 95%CI= [1.023, 3.45] and those had good knowledge AOR = 2.785, 95CI= [1.509, 5.142]
Conclusion
Near to three-fourths of the teachers had willingness to pay for social health insurance.