bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reference collection amidst COVID-19 pandemic: fish, crustacea, and mollusc of rumphius expeditions deposited in Ambon, Indonesia
Authors: Pitriana P , Romdon A , Islami M M , Tala D J , Nendissa F , Basit A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Due to COVID-19, many scientists have to work remotely and have limited access to physical reference collections. This situation has highlighted that providing online digital content is considered one of the most effective solutions. To make materials of reference collection more accessible to scientists or researchers, we here report the Rumphius expeditions (1973 – 1980) materials to Indonesia that still remain at the Ambon Research Station or now become reference collection of Centre for Deep-Sea Research, LIPI-Ambon, Indonesia. The morphological analyses of fish, crustacea, and mollusc collected during the Rumphius expeditions revealed: 34 species from 23 different genera of fish; 21 species from 19 different genera of crustacea; and 60 species from 42 different genera of mollusc. This study demonstrates the value of reference collections as a resource in marine biology science and the important role of archivists in this current pandemic situation.
Rate and causes of lost gillnets in the Pangandaran Waters of Indonesia
Authors: Riyanto M , Wahju R I , Komarudin G S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ghost gear is one part of marine debris interpreted as abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear in the waters. A gillnet is the fishing gear with the greatest potential to cause ghost gear. Most fishers at Cikidang Fish Landing Base (PPI) Pangandaran use gillnets (80%), which have a high potential to become ghost gear. Data and information related to ghost gear in Pangandaran are still minimal. The study aims to estimate the number of lost gillnets and identify the causal factors at PPI Cikidang. The number of lost gillnets was investigated using a questionnaire to the fishermen. The results showed that the number of lost gillnets from 2015-2019 experienced a trend fluctuating. The average number of lost gillnets during 2015-2019 was estimated at 4,612 pieces or 224,584 m with 7,740 kg. The main factors causing the loss of gillnets in Pangandaran waters were water current, 37%, snagged 32%, conflict, 25%, and discarded 6%. Efforts to reduce lost gear include socialization regarding lost gear to fishers, gear marking, and the use of technology to minimize lost gear by using the Global Positioning System (GPS) and line haulers.
Characteristics of seaweed salt residue Sargassum polycystum and coffee dregs as raw materials for body scrubs
Authors: Nurjanah  , Jacoeb A M , Amanda N D , Seulalae A V 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Body scrub contains coarse grains that act as sandpaper (obrasiver). Seaweed salt residue can be a substitute for microbeads in body scrub. The production body scrub from the residue of Sargassum polycystum seaweed can be added with coffee dregs. This study aims the characteristics of the raw material and the effect of the addition of coffee dregs on the characteristics of a body scrub. The research contained three-stage, namely preparation of seaweed salt residue, coffee dregs, and production of the body scrub. The body scrub preparations were carried out by mixing the water phase and the oil phase. The addition of coffee dregs with a concentration (0; 1; 2; 3%) to the body scrub. The selected product was a body scrub with 7% Sargassum polycystum seaweed salt residue and 3% coffee dregs (S 7:3). The pH value of the selected product was 6.76 and the dispersion was 3.57 cm. The emulsion stability test showed that the cream was in a stable state. The antioxidant activity of the selected product using the 1.1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) method was 55.54 ppm and the Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) was 78.84 (μM/g). The results showed that body scrubs have good moisture for the skin.
Effect of the ratio Limnocharis sp. and Sargassum sp. on the characteristics of seaweed salt
Authors: Nurjanah  , Abdullah A , Jacoeb A M , Prameswari D K , Seulalae A V 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeaweed salt is low sodium salt made from seaweed.Sargassumsp. is one of the brown seaweed that is utilized as raw material in the production of seaweed salt. The use of other raw materials to increase potassium from seaweed salt, one of is genjer (Limnocharissp.). This study purpose to determine the characteristics ofSargassumsp. andLimnocharissp. as raw material in the production of seaweed salt and to determine the characteristics of seaweed salt resulting from the combination ofSargassumsp. andLimnocharissp. to Na:K ratio and antioxidant activity. Salt treatment was made from a combination of seaweed and genjer in the ratio of 1:1 and 2:1. The combination filtrate dried using an electric oven at 60°C for 30 hours. The observed data were analyzed using a variety of ANOVA analysis and Duncan’s test was carried out if the results showed a real effect. Seaweed flour from the combination ofSargassumsp. and genjer (Limnocharissp.) contains high carbohydrate and ash with high crude fiber.Sargassumsp. flour contains flavonoids, steroids, and saponins, whileLimnocharissp. contains flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids. The combination ofSargassumsp. andLimnocharissp. (1:1) reduced the Na:K ratio of seaweed salt. Seaweed salt from a combination of brown seaweed and genjer (1:1) produced 19.88% yield, Na:K ratio 0.34 mg/g, NaCl content 24.04%, and strong antioxidant activity of 73.85 ppm. NaCl content from the combination ofSargassumsp. andLimnocharissp. (1: 1) was in accordance with the criteria for dietary salt.
Antioxidant activity of green seaweed Caulerpa racemosa (Försskal) J. Agardh from Balai Island Water, Aceh
Authors: Gazali Mohamad , Nurjanah  , Zamani Neviaty P. , Zuriat  , Suriani Mai , Alfitrah Raboni , Syafitri Rina , Hanum Zuraida , Zurba Nabil , Febrina Citra Dina , Chermahini Siavash Hosseinpour 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Caulerpa racemosa known as “sea grape” is green seaweed found in the coast of Balai Island Aceh Singkil, but the coastal community has not yet utilized this green seaweed. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of C. racemosa extract from Balai Island Aceh Singkil. In research method, the sample of C. racemosa was collected from Balai Island Aceh Singkil and crude extracts were prepared using ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane. The yield and phytochemical assay were measured then followed by the in vitro antioxidant assays including CUPRAC and FRAP. The result showed the highest yield was found in the ethanol (1.36%), followed by n-hexane (0.45%) and ethyl acetate extract (0.405%). C. racemosa crude extract has contained phenolic, flavonoid and tannin compounds. Measurement of antioxidant activity using the CUPRAC and FRAP methods respectively showed that the ethanol extract had higher activity with a value of 46.45±4.03 μmol trolox/g and 358±1.41 μmol trolox/g, compared to crude extract of ethyl acetate with a value of 23.74±0.03 μmol trolox/g and 568±7.07 μmol trolox/g. While the value of n-hexane extract was 21.56±0.028 μmol trolox/g and 15 μmol trolox/g. Some of these bioactive compounds possess a new antioxidant agent with potential for nutraceutical industry.
Effect of Acadian Marine Plant Extract Powder (AMPEP) on the growth of the Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii “Kulisusu“ seedlings cultivated in encircling tanks
Authors: Cahyani Hijra , Aslan La Ode M. , Balubi Muis , Iba Wa , Rahman Abdul , Patadjai Andi Besse , Hafid Harapin , Ya’la Zakirah Raihani 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Acadian Marine Plant Extract Powder (AMPEP) is a commercial organic fertilizer extract from brown seaweed, Ascophyllum nodosum. This study aimed to examine the effect of different concentrations of AMPEP extract on K. alvarezii “Kulisusu” seedlings. We investigated the daily growth rate (DGR), ratio of wet weight and dry weight (FW: DW ratio), and the survival rate of seedlings in encircling tanks. Concentrations of AMPEP used in this study were 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 g L-1 at 30 min immersion time and without AMPEP as control for a 1-month cultivation period. The results showed that the 0.2 g L-1 of AMPEP showed higher DGR in 6-18 days of culture period (3.43-4.25%/day), the 0.6 g L-1 was higher in the 24 days culture period (3.50%/day), and the 0.8 g L-1 concentration was higher in the 30 days of culture period (3.76%/day). For FW: DW ratio, 0.2 g L-1 of AMPEP concentration showed the highest ratio (8.73:1) and was significantly different from the other treatments (p<0.05). In addition, all treatments showed a high survival rate (>93.33%) with minor variation amongst the treatments (p>0.05). The results concluded that using 0.2 g L-1 of AMPEP in encircling tanks was suitable for seedling development.
Effect of ultrasonication-assisted extraction time on the profile of phycocyanin from wet biomass Spirulina plantesis
Authors: Hardiningtyas Safrina Dyah , Setyaningsih Iriani , Susila Aulia Andhika Radya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Phycocyanin is a phycobiliprotein compound obtained from Spirulina platensis that can be used as a natural color, functional food, or as a cosmeceutical ingredient. The ultrasonication-assisted extraction (UAE) method can be an alternative to obtain phycocyanin from S. plantesis wet biomass. We were aimed to determine the effect of ultrasonication time on profile crude extract phycocyanin from wet biomass S. platensis, and to compare the profile crude extract phycocyanin produced from UEA and freeze-thawing methods. Phycocyanin was extracted from wet biomass S. plantesis using the UEA method with different times: 1) the extraction was carried out for 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes of ultrasonication, and 2) the extraction was carried out for 10, 15, and 20 minutes of ultrasonication. The result showed that UAE for 10 minutes has the highest concentration, yield, and purity index of phycocyanin, namely 1065.54±182.76 g/mL, 10.65±1.82%, 1.12±0.04. This result also was higher than the crude extract of phycocyanin obtained from the freeze-thawing method. Thus, the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) method can effectively produce phycocyanin from Spirulina plantesis wet biomass.
Microencapsulation of trypsin from the intestine of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus Albacares)
Authors: Nurhayati Tati , Ramadhan Wahyu , Raharja Tubagus Fatahilah Kerta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fish viscera is one of the waste products from fisheries that have not been widely used it tends to be disposed of more. Whereas in fish innards there are some enzymes including the trypsin found in the intestines. To increase the added value of fish viscera, a study on the extraction and microencapsulation of trypsin from fish intestines was carried out. This study aimed to analyze the activity of the trypsin from tuna intestine microencapsulated using maltodextrin. The concentrations of maltodextrin used were 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% w/v. The microencapsulated enzymes were then dried using a spray dryer. The results showed that the crude extract of the trypsin had a specific activity value of 0.250 U/mg with a Vmax value of 0.0379 mmol/s and Km 0.2299 mM. Trypsin microencapsulated with 1% (w/v) maltodextrin was the best treatment because it has the highest specific activity (0.235±0.013 U/mg) with Vmax values of 0,0208 mmol/s and Km of 0,8581 mM. After going through the drying process with a spray dryer, the enzyme activity decreased by 10±1%.
The potential of milkfish (Chanos chanos) gelatin as stabilizer in ice cream production
Authors: Swastawati Fronthea , Ardie Bagas Rimbayu , Romadhon  , Fahmi Ahmad Suhaeli , Purnamayati Lukita 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFish scale gelatin as an alternative to pork gelatin is largely demanded by the community. The gelatin can be used as a stabilizer in the production of ice cream. This study aimed to define the potential of milkfish scale gelatin (Chanos chanos) as a stabilizer in ice cream. The milkfish scale gelatin with different concentrations used in this research were 0% as control, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.7%. Samples were analyzed such as yield, gel strength, and viscosity of gelatin as well as protein, overrun, melting rate, and hedonic tests on ice cream with three times of 100 replications. This study revealed that the addition of various concentrations of gelatin had a significant effect on the test parameters (p<0.05) in ice cream. The results of the gelatin yield test were 9%, the gel strength was 134.32 blooms, and the viscosity was 3.01 cP. The results of milkfish scale gelatin ice cream with three replications at a concentration of 0.7% overall had a better value, which concluded that milkfish scale gelatin has the potential to be used as an ice cream stabilizer and was well accepted by the panelis.
Determination of coconut milk’s volume to produce rendang tuna
Authors: Nurjanah  , Suseno Sugeng Heri , Andika Nuraisya , Hidayat Taufik , Manalu Lamhot P , Adinegoro Himawan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Rendang is one of traditional Indonesian food made from meat and coconut milk. Fish meat is infrequently used for the production of rendang. Tuna can be used as a suitable raw material in the production of rendang. This research aimed to determine the volume of coconut milk to produce a preferable rendang tuna by sensory and proximate analysis and analyze changes in chemical composition (fatty acids and cholesterol). Four volumes of coconut milk (150, 250, 350, and 450 mL) were used in 500 g piece of flesh. The 150 mL coconut milk treatment gave the best sensory values. The fatty acid composition of rendang tuna had an n-6:n-3 ratio of 5.27 and 262.36 mg/100 g of cholesterol component.
The design of blockchain network of palm oil FFB supply from certified farms and traceability system of CPO from independent smallholders
Authors: Falgenti K , Arkeman Y , Hambali E , Syamsu K 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Mills produce Crude Palm Oil (CPO) from procurement channels of their plantation, plasma farm, and independent smallholders’ farm. The mill manufactures Fruit Fresh Bunch FFB from all channels and sells CPO with low Free Fatty Acid (FFA) CPO for foods and CPO for industrial. CPO with low FFA for export consists of premium-grade CPO with FFA level < 2% and super-grade CPO with FFA level <3.5%. This Low FFA CPO is exported for food to developed countries. The food industry as a CPO customer needs a lot of information about the origin of the CPO commodity and information about sustainable oil palm agriculture governance. The challenges of building low FFA CPO traceability system raw material of CPO come from three-channel of FFB procurement and produce the various quality of CPO. This study aims to map the FFB supply at PT. RSI from Roundtable on Sustainability Palm Oil (RSPO) certificate farm in independent smallholders groups channel in the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network and smart contract. The interaction of entities with smart contracts is described in the ERD diagram, and the form of collaboration between entities is illustrated in the sequence diagram. The design of blockchain network of FFB supply and traceability of FFB from independent smallholders group procurement channel was based on CPO sales data from the exporter. The contribution of independent smallholders group channels to produce low FFA CPO was calculated. By presenting the CPO supply system on a map, independent smallholders’ farms’ source of low FFA CPO can be identified. Finally, various sustainable information in the farms can be shared.
Utilization of municipal solid waste into electricity energy: A performance of PLTSa Bantargebang pilot project
Authors: Winanti W S , Purwanta W , Wiharja  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Municipal solid waste (MSW) has become a serious problem for cities in Indonesia. The increasing population and economic activity as well as the increasing difficulty in obtaining land for landfills are the real problems faced. Waste generation from urban areas currently reaches 29.4 million tons annually and that has been managed reaches 62.29%. The Indonesian government has targeted 100% waste management by 2025 by processing 70% and reducing it by 30%. To accelerate the achievement of this target, Presidential Regulation No. 35/2018 concerning installation construction acceleration of waste processing into electricity energy based on environmentally friendly technology has been issued. MSW in Indonesia contains 62.4% of biomass in the form of food waste, wood, vegetables and fruits which have the potential to be a source of energy. This paper describes the performance of PLTSa Bantargebang based on operating data in 2020. PLTSa Bantargebang was designed to be able to burn 100 tonnes of waste/day with an average calorific value of 1,500 kcal/kg and an electricity output of 700 kW. This plant was also equipped with a pre-treatment plant to reduce water content and air pollution control devices that can emit exhaust that met national emission standards. When this study was conducted, the WtE plant electricity production was around 350 kW which was only used for the internal operational needs of the WtE plant. In this condition, the WtE plant burns waste on average 65 tons waste per day. During 2020, the plant had burned 9,878 tonnes of waste by generating electricity of 784 MWh or an electricity conversion rate of 110.66 kWh/ton waste. Both exhaust gas emission and liquid waste have met national quality standards, so that it is an environmentally friendly WtE plant. The plant also produced fly ash and bottom ash around 19.41% of the weight of the waste burned.
Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches and The Implementation of Zero Waste and Renewable Energy Technologies
Authors: Januari A D , Agustina H 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) are oil palm biomass that can be processed into organic amendments and energy sources. Currently, the methods to utilize these solid waste have become a concern because it is related to the implementation of the zero-waste concept. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the current management of EFB waste from palm oil mills based on the concept of zero waste and renewable energy. This study used secondary data analysis of palm oil mills, field interviews, and literature study to evaluate EFB waste management. The results showed that the ratio of EFB and CPO produced by palm oil mills was around 27:23. The average EFB produced by manufacturers is 3,558.8 tons/month. Most palm oil mills manage their EFB wastes using mulching treatment. This showed that palm oil mills in Indonesia have yet to implement the existing technologies that many researchers have developed. Composting and anaerobic digestion are the alternative treatments that can be implemented by palm oil mills since both can reduce the EFB waste and produce products that can be sold and reused. The government of Indonesia can encourage palm oil mills to shift their waste management from using mulching treatment to anaerobic digestion and composting treatment.
Production of Biodiesel Distillate with Low Monoglycerides for B40 Component by Using Distillation Technique with 1 and 30 Plates Column
Authors: Fuad Muhammad , Kurniawan Muh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
One of the quality standard indicators for biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) product specifications is monoglyceride content. Monoglycerides (MG) are residuals of the vegetable oil reactant that do not react completely in the process of making biodiesel, so that they become contaminants in biodiesel. The lower the monoglycerides in the biodiesel product, the better the quality of the biodiesel. In Indonesia’s B40 program, one scenario of adding 10% biodiesel is using FAME distillate on top of 30% regular FAME. The monoglyceride content in the FAME distillate for the B40 mixture was determined not to exceed 0.3 %wt. Distillation technique is one of the effective methods for reducing monoglyceride level in FAME. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of laboratory scale distillation with columns of 1 and 30 plates in reducing the monoglycerides concentrations. Refining FAME by true boiling point (TBP) distillation with 30 plates column under 5 mmHg vacuum at reflux ratio of 1; 2-3 showed that monoglyceride levels decreased significantly at the distillate fraction of 240-325 °C, from an initial level of 0.83 wt.% to 0.17 wt.%. Pour point temperature increased 2 times from the original biodiesel pour point temperature. The pour point temperature of distillate fractions of 240-325 °C, 325-330 °C and 330-335 °C were 12 °C, 21 °C and 24 °C, respectively. At the 340-345 °C distillate fraction, the pour point dropped drastically to 3 °C. By using 1 plate distillation column under operating 5 mmHg vacuum at a recovery rate of 90 %v, monoglycerides with an initial level of 0.83 wt.% can be reduced to 0.59 wt.%. distillate recovery. As the recovery rate of distillation level reduced to 86 vol%, the monoglycerides concentration was 0.29 wt.%.
The design of fuel dryer in palm oil processing industries by utilizing the heat product of boiler based on computational fluid dynamic
Authors: Soehartanto Totok , Putu Eka Widya Pratama I , Putra Alvin Davisa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Incomplete combustion process from boiler in palm oil processing industry usually discharged into the air in the form of black smoke due to the high water contain in the fuel of the boiler which will pollute the air. With this problem the research was conducted of designing a simulation of fuel dryer to dry out the boiler fuel before it used by utilizing the exhaust heat of the combustion system in the boiler. The simulation design of the fuel dryer is based on computational fluid dynamic (CFD) with parameters control are air velocity and heat temperature of fuel dryer. The results obtained the distribution of air velocity in the dryer has a value range of 0-40 m/s with the highest velocity occurring when hot exhaust air enters the dryer while the temperature distribution inside the dryer has a value range of 90-270 °C with the highest temperature appearing around hot air inlet exhaust and the lowest temperature appears in the hot air outlet section of the dryer.