bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute undifferentiated leukaemia with undifferentiated myeloid sarcoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Zhong Ling , Jiang Tao , Wang Xiaoqing , Lan Luo , Zheng Shuai , He Yuan , Xi Qian , Chen Jiao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: With the advancement of diagnostic technology, true acute undifferentiated leukaemia is becoming more rare, and acute undifferentiated leukaemia with extramedullary sarcoma has not been reported.Case presentation: This article reports a case of acute undifferentiated leukaemia with extramedullary sarcoma. Flow cytometric analysis of the bone marrow and lymph nodes indicated that the tumour cells of both were of the same origin and mainly expressed stem cell markers and CD7, no myeloid-specific markers, T-lymphoblastic-related markers, and B-lymphoblastic-related markers. Although the priming regimen combined with azacitidine was ineffective, complete remission was achieved by switching to azacitidine combined with HIA (homoharringtonine, idarubicin plus Ara-C). Conclusions: To diagnosis de novo acute leukemia with extensive and comprehensive cellular immune maker detection is available and credible, the expression of a single relatively non-specific myeloid antigen as a immune maker to detect AUL or AUL associated with sarcoma is precise and effective in our case, which patient was benefit from HIA regiment.
Involvement of regulation of the excitation:inhibition functional balance in the mPFC in the antidepressant-anxiolytic effect of YL-IPA08, a novel TSPO ligand
Authors: Yuan Jin , Yao Jun-Qi , Fang Xin-Xin , Dai Wei , Wang Yun-Hui , Zhang Li-Ming , Li Yun-Feng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
TSPO, an 18 kDa translocator protein, has received increased attention due to its antidepressant-anxiolytic effects. The balance between glutamatergic and GABAergic (E: I) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is crucial for antidepressant-anxiolytic effects. However, no evidence is available to clarify the relationship between TSPO and E:I balance. In the present study, we used the TSPO global-knockout (KO) and TSPO wild-type (WT) mice to assess the effects of TSPO on antidepressant-anxiolytic effects of YL-IPA08 (a novel TSPO ligand) and the underlying neurobiological mechanism. Additionally, a multichannel electrophysiological technique was used to explore the effects of YL-IPA08 on pyramidal neurons and interneurons in mPFC. Open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) test revealed that a single dose of YL-IPA08 (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) exhibited significant anxiolytic actions in WT mice except in KO mice. In only WT mice, significant antidepressant effects were observed in tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). The multichannel electrophysiological technique demonstrated that YL-IPA08 significantly increased the firing rates of pyramidal neurons and decreased those of interneurons. Further studies illustrated that the firing rates of glutamatergic might be antagonized by PK11195 (a classic TSPO antagonist). Our results suggest that YL-IPA08 might regulate the E:I balance in mPFC, mediated by TSPO. In summary, TSPO regulates E:I functional balance in mPFC, play a critical role in antidepressant-anxiolytic effects of YL-IPA08, and provide a potential target site for the development of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs.
Persistence of residual SARS-CoV-2 viral antigen and RNA in tissues of patients with long COVID-19
Authors: Goh Denise , Lim Jeffrey Chun Tatt , Fernández Sonia Bilbao , Lee Justina Nadia , Joseph Craig Ryan , Neo Zhen Wei , Guerrero Sílvia , Lau Mai Chan , Sheng Joe Yeong Poh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The World Health Organization has defined long COVID-19 (LC) as a condition where patients exhibit persistent symptoms over time after its acute phase, which cannot be explained by alternative diagnosis. Since we have previously reported residual viral antigens in tissues of convalescent patients, we now aim to assess the presence of such antigens in post-convalescent tissues. Here, we established the presence of residual virus within the appendix and breast tissue of 2 patients who exhibited LC symptoms, 175 to 462 days upon positive diagnosis, using immunohistological techniques. We observed positive staining for viral nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the appendix, and tumour-adjacent region of the breast, but not within the tumour via multiplex immunohistochemistry. Notably, with RNAscope, both positive-sense and negative-sense (replicative intermediate) viral RNA were detected. As a single-stranded virus, SARS-CoV-2, have to produce a replicative intermediate as a template to synthesize new genomic RNAs. Thus, the detection of negative-sense viral RNA suggests ongoing viral replication. While viral RNA and antigen from gastrointestinal and stool samples of convalescent patients has been extensively reported, we believe this is the first study to detect viable virus. Furthermore, our positive finding in the breast tissue also corroborated with recent reports that immunocompromised patients had also experienced LC symptoms and persistent viral replication. Overall, our findings, along with emerging LC studies, question the possibility of the gastrointestinal tract functioning as a reservoir.
Study protocol for the Alzheimer and Music Therapy (ALMUTH) Study: a 12-month, Randomised Controlled Trial to Compare the Efficacy of Music Therapy and Physical Activity on Brain Plasticity, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Decline, in a Population with and at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Flo Birthe Kristin , Matziorinis Anna Maria , Skouras Stavros , Sudmann Tobba T. , Gold Christian , Koelsch Stefan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: There is anecdotal evidence for beneficial effects of music therapy in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, there is a lack of rigorous research investigating this issue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of music therapy and physical activity on brain plasticity, mood, and cognition in a population with AD and at risk for AD.Methods: One-hundred and thirty-five participants with memory complaints will be recruited for a parallel, three-arm Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Inclusion criteria are a diagnosis of mild (early) AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or memory complaints without other neuropsychiatric pathology. Participants are randomised into either a music therapy intervention (singing lessons), an active control group (physical activity) or a passive control group (no intervention) for 12 months. The primary outcome is the brain age gap, measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes include cognitive performance, activities of daily living, brain structure (voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging), and brain function (resting-state functional MRI).Trial Status: Screening of participants began in April 2018. A total of 84 participants have been recruited and started intervention, out of which 48 participants have completed 12 months of intervention and post-intervention assessment.Discussion: Addressing the need for rigorous longitudinal data for the effectiveness of music therapy in people with and at risk for developing AD, this trial aims to enhance the knowledge about cost-effective interventions with high clinical applicability.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03444181, registered on February 23, 2018.
Loss Of MHC Class I Related Gene Expression Inhibited The M1 Macrophages Infiltration In Tumor Microenvironment Of Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Lin , Zhu Hui , Liu Juan , Fu Yajuan , Sun Lizhou , Xuemei Jia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that tumor immune microenvironment was an important factor affecting the progression and prognosis of ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study is to explore the prognosis related immune cell types in the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer by using the ovarian cancer database, and to study the potential factors affecting specific immune cell infiltration. Method: Based on TCGA ovarian cancer database, CIBERSORT method was used to preliminarily analyze the infiltration ratios of 22 kinds of immune cells around ovarian cancer, and to further evaluate the correlation between infiltration cells and prognosis based on the survival data. In addition, this study will calculate the tumor infiltrating M1 Macrophages abundance (IM1A) to verify the correlation between M1 Macrophages load and the prognosis of ovarian cancer; and to explore the potential pathway of M1 Macrophages infiltration by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The results showed that the infiltration proportion of follicular helper T cells and M1 Macrophases was negatively correlated with the poor prognosis of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, while activated Mast cells was opposite. In addition, the overall survival of ovarian cancer patients with high IM1A was significantly longer than that of patients with low IM1A; the enrichment of GSEA KEGG pathway showed that multiple pathways were correlated with M1 Macrophages infiltration (including 67 positive and 1 negative pathways), and the highest correlation was found in antigen processing and presentation pathway. The expression level of some MHC class I related genes (potential target genes of immunotherapy) in antigen processing and presentation pathway was positively correlated with the infiltration ratios of M1 Macrophages in microenvironment, including HLA A, HLA B, HLA C, HLA E, HLA F, B2M, TAP1, TAP2, and TAPBP. Conclusion: In general, the decreased infiltration of M1 Macrophages indicates poor prognosis of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, and the expression loss of MHC class I pathway gene might be the key factor for the inhibition of infiltration of M1 Macrophages. Altering these key genes expression could improve the infiltration of M1 Macrophages and the overall prognosis of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma.
Factors Associated with Anxiety-Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents during COVID-19 in Oman: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shekaili Muna Al , Huseini Salim Al , Al-Kalbani Yahya , Mirza Hassan , Chan Moon , Hassan Waleed , Al-Sulimani Fatma , Ghafri Ghaniya Al , Al-Sumri Hanan , Amer Ahmed , Ganesh Aishwarya , Saadoon Muna Al , Al-Adawi Samir 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Reports from different parts of the world suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant lockdown and social distancing measures have heralded unprecedented mental health challenges among children and adolescents. To date, there is a dearth of studies emerging from the Arabian Gulf, where the majority of its population are children and adolescents. The study aims to examine the prevalence of anxiety-related disorders and their covariates among children and adolescents in an Arabian Gulf country, Oman. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analytic study carried out over two weeks (1st to 15th of August 2020) during the COVID-19 pandemic across Oman. Parents were asked to complete the online survey, which consisted of the parent version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED-41) scale and questions regarding basic socio-demographic information. Logistic regression was used to identify the contributing variables associated with anxiety-related disorders.RESULTS: A total of 790 children, 33.3% (n=263) fulfilled the criteria for anxiety-related disorders. Logistic regression analysis suggested that anxiety-related disorders in children were significantly associated with three demographic variables. The model shows that children with divorced or separated parents were 1.9 times more likely to have anxiety-related disorders than children of married couples (OR=1.93, p=0.035). Children living in families with an income below USD 1,000/month, were 1.8 times more likely to have anxiety-related disorders than a family with an income of USD 4,000/month (OR=1.833, p=0.018). Children in grades 3-6 were 1.8 times more likely to have anxiety-related disorders than those in grades 1-2 (OR=1.79, p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety-related disorders are common among Arabic-speaking Omani children and adolescents. They are more likely to be reported in middle scholastic grade levels and children from families with marital discord and low socioeconomic status. It is not clear whether the presently observed rates of anxiety exceed the prevalence that would have been observed pre-COVID-19 era. More studies are therefore warranted using children and adolescents' self-reported scales.
The mechanism of cartilage regeneration by buffy coat and the pre-clinical study
Authors: Jin Longhao , Su Hang , Song guo , Gurung Kumar , FU Shouyong , Jin GuangWen , Mei Hao , Wang Xu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Autologous bone marrow buffy coat transplantation possesses obvious advantages in the therapy of cartilage defects. However, there is no definite research on the specific effective components of bone marrow buffy coat and its mechanism of cartilage regeneration. Moreover, bone marrow buffy coat is difficult to fix onto the damaged cartilage area. We assessed the effect of using hyaluronic acid(HA) as a gel scaffold mixed with autologous bone marrow buffy coat to fix cartilage defect. Methods and Materials We extracted the bone marrow from the anterior superior iliac crest of rabbit, centrifuged to obtain buffy coat, and analyzed the components of buffy coat by ELISA. Buffy coat+fibrin/HA group, MSC+fibrin/HA group, MSC+TGF-β+fibrin/HA group were cultured in vitro and observed by staining. In addition, we made damage to the femoral condyle of rabbits, and divided them into groups: HA group, buffy coat group, buffy coat with HA group. Each group was assessed for cartilage regeneration by visual observation, histological at 4 weeks and 8 weeks, and biochemical analysis at 8 weeks postoperatively. One-way ANOVA and LSD were used for statistic analysis. Results Buffy coat have a variety of growth factors, inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate the MSCs’ regeneration. Buffy coat can differentiate into cartilage without TGF-β stimulation in vitro. The cartilage regeneration ability of buffy coat and buffy coat+HA is strong, and the combination of buffy coat and gel scaffold HA can make cartilage formation ability more stable in vivo. Conclusion MSC and cytokines in buffy coat synergistically promote cartilage regeneration. Gel scaffold HA enhances the effect of buffy coat on cartilage attachment and regeneration of cartilage defects.
time (space) matters
Authors: Bader Nadia , Karl Notburga 
Published: February 2022

Am Beispiel von Tutorial-Videos als digitale Lehr- und Lern-Medien fragt der Beitrag nach deren medialen Eigenheiten und medial durchwirkten Bildungspotenzialen. Inwiefern schwingen mediale Übersetzungsprozesse, medial vermittelte Momente des Zeigens und Erklärens implizit in der Ausgestaltung solcher Videos mit? Inwiefern werden sie explizit genutzt? Und welche Bildungspotenziale birgt ein medial sensibilisierter Umgang mit (audio-)visuellen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten? Im Rahmen aktueller Lehrentwicklungen (Blended und Distance Learning) lohnt sich eine genauere Untersuchung insbesondere bildungsrelevanter, medienästhetischer Dimensionen bestimmter (Lehr-/Lern-)Medien und Tools. Mit Erfolgsgarantie werbend – z. B. zum perspektivisch ‹richtigen› Zeichnen – suggerieren Tutorial-Videos Verständlichkeit, Machbarkeit und einen schnellen, selbstbestimmten Zugriff auf deren Lerninhalte (z. B. durch Fast Forward, Pause, Wiederholung). Zugleich kann die damit einhergehende Effektivitätslogik einer unreflektierten Reproduktion impliziter normativer Vorstellungen Vorschub leisten. Die Frage nach dem Wie der Darstellung kann dahingehend eine medial sensibilisierte, repräsentationskritische Sichtweise eröffnen. Beispielsweise kann sich ‹laienhafte› Nachlässigkeit in einer (irritierenden) Bildstörung als bildend zeigen, wenn sie die Aufmerksamkeit von Rezipierenden auf deren eigene Wahrnehmung lenkt und sie dazu auffordert, sich zu erklärten und gezeigten Inhalten (bewusster) ins Verhältnis zu setzen, satt vorschnell einer ‹Verstehensillusion› zu erliegen. Im Sinne einer transformatorischen Bildungstheorie sind solche Wahrnehmungsbrüche potenziell eher ermächtigend als beispielsweise die symbolische Form der Perspektive selbst und ermöglichen eine kritische Auseinandersetzung damit. Im vorliegenden Text-Bild-Beitrag nutzen wir distanzierend-kritische sowie künstlerisch-experimentelle Methoden, um medial bedingte Bildungspotenziale in Tutorial-Videos aufzudecken und weiterzudenken.
Antidepressant Prescription for Major Depressive Disorder: Results from
a Population-Based Study in Italy
Authors: Martinotti Giovanni , Dell'Osso Bernardo , Di Nicola Marco , Cipelli Riccardo , Peduto Ilaria , Pugliese Anna Cristina , Signorelli Maria Salvina , Ventriglio Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:
There is limited evidence about the factors influencing antidepressant (AD) prescription for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in Real World clinical practice in Italy. In this retrospective, population-based study, we set out to describe a patient cohort initiated on AD treatment for MDD and investigate the possible predictors of different ADs prescription in the primary care setting.

Methods:
Patients with a diagnosis of MDD who received an initial prescription of one of 11 selected ADs between 1-Apr-2017 and 31-Mar-2019 (index date) were identified from primary care electronic medical records in the Longitudinal Patient Database. Patients prescribed ≥1 AD in the 12 months before index date were excluded. Results were stratified by AD molecule. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the association between patients’ demographic, clinical factors, and choice of AD molecule.

Results:
The study cohort comprised 8,823 patients (67.1% female; mean age 61.6 years). Previous AD treatments (prescribed in the 10 years before index date) had been received by 46.6% of patients (non-naïve patients). The most commonly reported psychiatric and medical comorbidities reported in the 12 months before index date were anxiety (8.4%) and hypertension (41.9%), respectively. Patients’ age was a significant predictor of AD molecule prescribed at index date in eight of the 11 molecules investigated while patients’ gender influenced clinician prescribing of bupropion, citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, and vortioxetine.

Conclusions:
Results from this Real World study provide useful information for clinicians on the clinical factors influencing AD prescription in patients treated for MDD in primary care.
Green Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles Using Leaf Plant Extracts of
South American Endemic Cryptocarya alba
Authors: Carmona Erico R. , Alarcón-Aravena Giannina , Recio-Sánchez Gonzalo , Ruiz Aixa González , Domenech Josefa , Marcos Ricard , Garrido Karla 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Due to their extremely small size, large surface area, and magnetism,
magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) have distinct chemical and physical properties, enhancing
their suitability for a variety of medical, biosensing, electronic, and environmental applications.

Methods:
Magnetite nanoparticles were easily obtained by green synthesis using leaf extracts of
the South American endemic Cryptocaria alba (Peumo) tree. FeNPs were characterized by using
UV-visible spectrophotometry, Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light
Scattering (DLS), Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric
Analysis (TGA).

Results:
Fe3O4NPs were successfully synthetized, and they showed crystalline nature, primary
dry diameter means between 12 nm and 15 nm, spherical apparent shape, and good stability in
aqueous suspension. Additionally, preliminary studies indicated that low concentrations of magnetite
nanoparticles (1000 times lower than the literature reported) reduced chemical oxygen
demand (COD), apart from concentrations of total phosphates and nitrates from pisciculture
wastewater samples incubated for 24 h.

Conclusions:
Green synthesis of Peumo iron nanoparticles is an easy, fast, and viable ecofriendly
bioprocess under certain conditions of fabrication to obtain nanometric and stable iron
particles with promising removal properties of nitrates, phosphates, and COD from wastewaters.
Effect of Conditions of the Pulsed Plasma-chemical Synthesis on Physicochemical
Properties of the CuxOy/TiO2 Nanocomposite
Authors: Kholodnaya Galina , Sazonov Roman , Ponomarev Denis , Lapteva Olga 
Published: February 2022

Aim:
This work presents the study results related to the effect of multipulse
electron beam and additional heating of the reaction mixture on the structural
and morphological characteristics of the CuxOy/TiO2 nanocomposite prepared by
the pulsed plasma-chemical method.

Method:
The CuxOy/TiO2 nanocomposites were characterized by transmission
electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray
diffraction (XRD).

Result:
It was found that an increase in the impact of a pulsed electron beam on the synthesized composite affected the degree of its agglomeration and the geometric mean particle diameter. Additional heating of the reaction mixture increased the geometric diameter of the synthesized particles (up to 200 nm).

Conclusion:
The phase composition of the CuxOy/TiO2 nanocomposite changed
depending on the synthesis conditions.
Analysis of interest and process skills in learning mathematics
Authors: Kamid Kamid , Anwar Khairul , Iriani Dewi , Nawahdani Ahmad Mansur 
Published: February 2022

This study aims to reveal the comparison of students' skills and interests in mathematics subject matter, and the relationship between process skills and students' interest in mathematics lessons with circle material. This was quantitative research with associative and comparative types. The samples were 70 students of a State Junior High School and 70 students of a State Islamic Junior High School in Batanghari district, Jambi, Indonesia, established using the purposive sampling technique. The interest and process skill data were collected using a questionnaire which was validated. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially with paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation test. The result of this study showed that 1) there are differences in students' interest in mathematics between the two schools and 2) there is a relationship between process skills and students' interest in mathematics in the circle material for the two schools. It can be concluded that good process skills and a strong interest in learning mathematics will make students more successful in learning mathematics.