bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult and Pediatric All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) Injury Patterns and Outcomes in a Community Trauma Center
Authors: Foote Christopher Wayne , Doan Xuan-Lan , Vanier Cheryl , Palacio Carlos H. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: All-terrain vehicle (ATV) crashes result in severe morbidity in trauma. Limited data on these injury patterns come from large urban academic centers, but studies show increased use of ATVs in small rural communities with fewer resources, where these injuries are more likely to be treated. This study uses injury patterns to determine impact on community trauma systems based on length of stay.
Methods: The trauma registry of a level II trauma center was reviewed for ATV crash patients from January 2015 to December 2020. Injury type and frequency were grouped by proportion and 95% confidence interval based on ‘score’ method, and co-incidences were first screened with Fisher’s exact test, with significant p-value<0.01. Factors influencing length of stay in hospital/ICU were analyzed in a linear model and log-transformed dependent variable with significance based on sequential nested likelihood ratio analysis. Descriptive statistics were back transformed.
Results: Out of 7,787 trauma patients admitted during the study, 127 were involved in ATV crashes with 62 adults (age>18) and 65 pediatric patients. Injuries to skin/soft tissue and extremities were most common in both adult (68% and 42%, p<0.001) and pediatric (56% and 38%, p<0.001). Paired injuries included head bleeds with skull fractures (p<0.001) in both adults and pediatrics, pediatrics alone with spine and rib fractures (p=0.01). Length of stay in hospital increased for extremity injuries in both groups (mean (SD); adults 5.8 (2.4) vs 3.0 (2.2) days and pediatrics 4.0 (2.2) vs 2.6 (2.0) days, P=0.048). Pediatric patients had shorter overall hospital length of stay compared to adults (mean (SD); 3.1 (2.1) vs 3.9 (2.4) days respectively, P=0.009). Mortality was low with only a single adult death.
Conclusions: The findings from our retrospective study among ATV-related injuries on a community level II trauma center demonstrates skin/soft tissue injuries and extremity injuries were most common. We can also predict prolonged hospital length of stay in those with extremity injuries and those older than 18 years of age, requiring greater resources with longer hospital stay. No factors were predictive of longer ICU stays and mortality was very low with a single adult death in our population.
COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage and Female Healthcare Workers: A Look at the Gender Gap
Authors: Maraqa Beesan , Nazzal Zaher , AbuHasan Qais 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Females are often more hesitant to get vaccinated than males, even among health care workers (HCWs). The purpose of this study was to assess female HCWs' COVID-19 vaccination coverage and their anti-vaccination attitudes.
Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire. It included HCWs from various professions and examined participants' sociodemographic and work-related variables, anti-vaccination attitudes, and COVID-19 vaccination uptake. Anti-vaccination attitudes were assessed using the Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale. We computed vaccination coverage and assessed its predicting factors using descriptive and analytical statistics, including multivariable models.
Results

The vaccine coverage was significantly lower among female HCWs [59.6% (95%CI: 55.5%-63.7%)] than males [74.9% (95%CI: 70.7%-78.8%)]. Female HCWs had significantly higher anti-vaccination attitudes and lowered perceived COVID-19 vaccine knowledge. Vaccine uptake was shown to be age-related in female HCWs, with 52.7% in the less than 30-year age group and 70.7% in the ≥50-year age group. Higher monthly income and smoking status were significant predictors of female HCWs vaccine uptake.
Conclusions

vaccine coverage is significantly lower among females with higher anti-vaccination attitudes. Historical scepticism towards vaccination, mistrust of the medical literature, and the myth of infertility could be possible reasons.
Structural Design and Kinematic Analysis of a Welding Robot for Liquefied Natural Gas Membrane Tank Automatic Welding
Authors: Jiang Yi , Han Qingqing , Dai Zhaoen , Zhou Chao , Yu Jianfeng , Hua Chunjian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Owing to the complex structures of welding materials, special welding conditions, and challenges during the automatic welding of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) ship Mark III’s membrane tank, a series–parallel–series hybrid structure mobile welding robot having sufficient adaptability for welding corrugated plates in membrane tanks was designed in this study. The configuration of the hybrid robot had good workspace characteristics, and it could always maintain a certain distance and angle between the end of the welding torch and the weld line because of its detection and control system coordination. In this study, degrees of freedom, kinematic characteristics, workspace, and adaptability analyses were conducted for the hybrid mechanism. A simulation verification was performed, and a ripple-trajectory-following experiment was conducted using real objects. The simulation and experimental results showed that the welding robot had a reasonable mechanism design, smooth motion, and good terminal distance and angle control, thus meeting the requirements for automatic welding of corrugated plates in membrane tanks.
Evaluation of Temperature as a Critical Factor in COVID-19 Transmission in Nigeria
Authors: Jacobs Ezekiel Damilare 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which caused about 80,000 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidences during its first wave in Nigeria is an enveloped virus, with infective properties that make it susceptible to inactivation, upon exposure to harsh conditions, including temperature. Moreover, temperature has been reported to influence the spread and viability of most known human coronaviruses. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of temperature variables on the transmission of COVID-19 in Nigeria during its first wave in the country.
Methods

Daily COVID-19 incidences for 300 days of the virus presence in Nigeria were obtained from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, and used in the estimation of the instantaneous reproduction number (R). In this study, R was used to determine COVID-19 transmissibility, while the daily incidences reflected the spread rate of the virus in Nigeria. Meteorological data from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, and World Bank Climate Projection Data, were matched with each of R and COVID-19 incidences, to determine the correlation between them, using Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rs) test.
Results

R estimation of 1.4 reflects the prevailing transmissibility of COVID-19 in Nigeria. No significant and positive relationship was observed between COVID-19 incidences and temperature variables. However, Minimum temperature (℃) showed strongest association with R (rs = 0.9273; p = 0.001).
Conclusion

The strong relationship observed between R and minimum temperature, suggests that temperature could be a driver modulating the transmission routes of COVID-19 in Nigeria.
The Influence of the National Health Insurance on Access and Catastrophic Health Expenditures for Patients with Chronic Renal Disease; and the Possibility of Integrating Organ Transplantation in Laos' Health Financing System.
Authors: Bodhisane SOMDETH , Pongpanich Sathirakorn 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Laos has difficulties in accessing and obtaining proper health services compared to more developed countries, due to the availability of health facilities and health financing programs. Hemodialysis (HD) is currently under the coverage of the National Health Insurance (NHI). However, there are several technical barriers related to health service utilization. This study aims to carefully analyze the role of Laos' National Health Insurance on issues of accessibility and the possibility of encountering catastrophic health expenditures for chronic kidney disease patients. In addition, this study is also willing to provide policy recommendations for policymakers in offering organ transplantation under NHI in the future. The Savannakhet Province is purposively selected as a study site, where 342 respondents participated in the study. Two logistic regression models have been used to assess the effectiveness of the NHI in terms of accessibility and financial protection against catastrophic health expenditures. This research applies the Anderson Behavioral Model as a guideline to factors that affect accessibility and economic catastrophe. NHI improves accessibility to health service utilization for a household with chronic kidney disease. However, due to the limited hemodialysis services, there is a barrier to accessing health services and financial hardship due to non-medical expenditures. Chronic conditions, in addition to kidney issues, dramatically increase the chances of suffering catastrophic health expenditures. In the short run, NHI's policymakers are highly recommended to collaborate with neighboring countries' hospitals through copayment programs. For long-term policy guidelines, the government should move forward to include kidney transplants in the NHI's healthcare system
Changes in Nutritional Behaviours During the COVID-19 Lockdown and the Impact on the Potential Inflammatory Effects of Diet.
Authors: López María del Pilar Montero , Urda Ana Isabel Mora , Almena Francisco Javier Martin , Martínez Oscar Geovanny Enríquez 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: This cross-sectional study compares eating behaviours before and during the COVID-19 lockdown that was decreed in Spain on March 14, 2020. Methods: The sample was made up of 1,177 people aged 18 years or older who responded during the month of June to a questionnaire designed in Google Forms. Information was collected on the frequency of food consumption before and during lockdown. A dietary inflammatory index (DII) was created with positive or negative values ​​depending on the inflammatory potential of different foods, vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, meat, fish, eggs, yogurt, milk, cheese, industrial pastries, salty snacks, fast food, soft drinks and alcoholic beverages. The scores from before and during confinement were compared. Results: Most of the people in the sample maintained their eating pattern during lockdown. Among those who changed, the majority increased their consumption of healthy foods, which resulted in a decrease in the inflammatory potential of the diet; this was particularly the case in men. Conclusions: The improvement in the quality of the diet contributed to a significant decrease in DII during confinement, especially in men.
Influence of topography on the asymmetry of rill cross-section: A case in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley
Authors: Gu Xingli , Luo Jun , Zhang Bin , Wang Lei , Wu Qiangjianzhong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rill erosion is one of the most common modes of erosion, and the development conditions of the cross-sections asymmetric characteristics are still uncertain. To study the relationship between rill topography and rill cross-sectional asymmetry, we used the measuring needle board method to measure 712 groups of rill cross-section in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley area. Using correlation analysis and principal component analysis to investigate the topographical conditions of rill development, the results show that: (1) Asymmetry is main feature in rill cross-sections, and 53% of rill cross-sections are right-biased, and 47% of them are left-biased. (2) There is a significant positive correlation between the slope difference and the rill cross-section asymmetry ratio (P<0.01). The asymmetry ratio increases as the slope difference on both sides (B) increases, and the directionality of the asymmetry ratio is affected by B . The difference between the catchment areas on both sides has a significant linear correlation with the asymmetry ratio of width (r=0.07, P<0.05). (3) 7 topographic factors are divided into two types of principal components: The first represents the rill slope surface shape and rill shape, including the rill length, rill slope length, rill head catchment area, and the four rill bending coefficient factors; the second principal component represents the difference between the two sides of the rill, including the difference in slope from side to side, the difference between the catchment areas on both sides and the location of turning angle of the rill.
A comparison between different methods to fill gaps in early precipitation series
Authors: Camuffo Dario , Becherini Francesca , Valle Antonio della , Zanini Valeria 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of this work is to analyse and compare different methodologies to fill gaps in historical precipitation series, and to evaluate which time resolution is reachable, i.e. monthly or daily one. The following methods are applied and tested to fill the 1764-1767 gap in the precipitation series of Padua: (i) using a relationship between monthly amounts and frequencies; (ii) transforming a daily log with visual observations into numerical values through analysis, classification, and calibration; (iii) substituting the missing values with an instrumental record from a nearby, contemporary station in the same climatic area. To apply the second method, the descriptions reported in the Morgagni Logs are grouped in 37 classes and transformed into numerical values, using for calibration the observed amounts in the Poleni record over the 24-year common period. As a third method, the series of Temanza and Pollaroli in Venice is used to fill the gap, and the application of a factor scale based on the ratio Padua/Venice tempted. The results of these three methods are discussed and commented.
Identifying Suitable Areas for Common Bottlenose Dolphins in Anthropized Waters
Authors: Maricato Guilherme , Tardin Rodrigo , Lodi Liliane , Wedekin Leonardo L. , Daura-Jorge Fábio G. , Maciel Israel , Maria Tatiana F. , Alves Maria Alice S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Understanding the processes that determine the occurrence of species, especially for those exposed to human activities, is the key to appropriate management. Despite Tursiops truncatus being well-studied worldwide, information about transient groups of this common bottlenose dolphins and how groups are exposed to human activities is lacking. Here, we modelled and mapped how the environment and human activities drives bottlenose dolphin habitat suitability, and residence patterns in an anthropized area of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. We ran 300 distribution models, including six algorithms, and generated an ensemble model to predict the habitat suitability of the species. In parallel, we used photo-identification techniques to evaluate dolphins' degree of residence pattern. Primary productivity, seabed slope and port activities explained dolphins’ habitat suitability. The most suitable areas for bottlenose dolphins included coastal waters, nearby port complexes and shipping routes. We also identified a low degree of residence in Cabo Frio and Rio de Janeiro city waters, but calves were constantly sighted there, indicating an important area for caring and nursing. The high overlap between the dolphins’ most suitable areas and human activities, such as ports, vessel traffic and fisheries spots, plus the presence of calves in these areas, highlights the need for safeguard measurements to protect these animals from threats. In addition, our results may be used to support management decisions, such as fisheries regulations and the creation of new marine protected areas to conserve critical habitats of this species.
Numerical Study of BaZrS3 Based Chalcogenide Perovskite Solar Cell Using SCAPS-1D Device Simulation
Authors: Chawki Najwa , Rouchdi Mustapha , Fares Boubker 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Chalcogenide perovskites are prototypical absorber materials based solar cells, they could solve both: the stability and toxicity issues existing in conventional perovskites. A device simulation of BaZrS3 as a potential absorbing material (high chemical stability, direct band gap and a strong light absorption coefficient) based chalcogenide perovskite solar cells is performed by using the one dimensional Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS)-1D software. Parameters like (thickness, doping concentration, defect density of the absorber and interfaces, temperature) are varied in order to inspect their impact on device performance. For this study, a performed architecture has been proposed: FTO (Fluorine doped Tin Oxide)/TiO2 (ETL; Electron Transport Layer)/BaZrS3 (Absorber)/Spiro-OMeTAD (HTL; Hole Transport Layer)/Au (metal back contact). To enhance the solar cell efficiency, an optimization of these key parameters is investigated. Our simulation results in optimized thickness and doping density (NA, ND) of (80 nm; 1×1019 cm-3), (10 nm; 8×1019 cm-3), (850 nm; 1×1020 cm-3) and (60 nm; 9×1019 cm-3) for FTO, TiO2, BaZrS3 and Spiro-OMeTAD materials respectively, with a global illumination spectrum AM1.5 and 440 K as an optimum operation temperature, are found to be: PCE (maximum Power Conversion Efficiency) of 17.29%, FF (fill factor) of 86.26%, Voc (Open Circuit Voltage) of 1.2124 V and Jsc (Short Circuit current density) of 16.5363 mA/cm2.
Association Analysis of Persistent Cytopenia With Efficacy and Side Effects of Anti-CD19 CAR T Therapy in Relapsed/refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients.
Authors: Lin Xuemei , Liu Meijing , Cui Rui , Lyu Cuicui , Wang Jia , Li Qing , Mou Nan , Deng Qi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been an effective salvage therapy for relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Hematological toxicity is one of the adverse events (AEs) of this therapy. But the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of persistent cytopenia is unclear. The association of persistent cytopenia with the efficacy and side effects of anti-CD19-CAR T cell therapy should be concerned about.Patients and methods: In this work, 38 R/R DLBCL patients were enrolled in clinical trial of anti-CD19-CAR T-cell therapy. Before CAR T-cell therapy, all the patients received lymphodepleting chemotherapy with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide. The degree and duration of cytopenia, clinical response, proportions of CAR T-cells and levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), AEs and follow up were observed following the anti-CD19-CAR T-cell therapy.Results: The 3-4 grade of persistent cytopenia occurred in 14 R/R DLBCL patients (more than 8 weeks after CAR-T cell infusion) and recovered at 8-18 weeks after CAR-T cell infusion. All these 14 patients achieved objective response rate (ORR) in their anti-CD19-CAR T cell therapy. In the 26 patients obtained ORR, the incidence of 3-4 grade of persistent cytopenia was higher in patients with high tumor load than that of patients without high tumor load. The mean peak of IL-6 and anti-CD19-CAR T cells, the grade of CRS in patients with 3-4 grade of persistent cytopenia were higher than that of patients without such persistent cytopenia. Most patients whose anti-CD19-CAR T cells could be observed at 21 and 28 days after infusion were associated with 3-4 grade of persistent cytopenia. The PFS and OS were higher in patients with 3-4 grade of persistent cytopenia.Conclusion: All the R/R DLBCL patients who occurred 3-4 grade of persistent cytopenia after anti-CD19-CAR T cell therapy achieved ORR in this therapy. The 3-4 grade of persistent cytopenia was associated with high tumor load, higher peaks of IL-6 and anti-CD19-CAR T cells, higher grades of CRS, the higher PFS and OS. Our study is helpful in predicting efficacy and severe hematologic side effects of anti-CD19-CAR T-cell therapy in R/R DLBCL patients.Trial registration: The study was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx as ChiCTR-ONN-16009862 and http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx as ChiCTR1800019622.
The effect of trastuzumab on taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in women with breast cancer: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Patel Ruchit , Lyne-Ethier Josee , Brogly Susan , Griffiths Rebecca , Hendry J. Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Recent pre-clinical evidence suggests a protective role of trastuzumab following nerve injury. Therefore, a population-based database study was utilized to examine whether trastuzumab can prevent taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN). Methods: We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of trastuzumab. The population-level cohort for this study included all incident cases of breast cancer diagnosed in Ontario from January 1, 2007-December 31, 2017 in patients aged ≥ 66 years who received taxane (paclitaxel or docetaxel) chemotherapy. There were no restrictions on specific paclitaxel or docetaxel regimens. Two years of follow-up data were available for all patients. The primary outcome was incident neuropathic pain which was measured by the number of new prescriptions commonly used as first-line treatments for neuropathic pain. The secondary outcome was healthcare utilization related to peripheral neuropathy. Healthcare utilization was characterized as outpatient visits, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations.Results: We included 3905 patients (> 66 years old) with stage I-III breast cancer treated with taxane-containing chemotherapy (paclitaxel/docetaxel) regimens between 2007-2017. 74% patients received taxane-based chemotherapy alone, while 26% received taxane-based chemotherapy plus trastuzumab. Only 4% of patients received treatment for TIPN for more than 6 months. The incidence of neuropathic pain medication prescription was lower in the paclitaxel plus trastuzumab group when compared to the paclitaxel only group (15.1% vs 20.5%, p=0.026). There was no difference in the proportion of patients who needed emergency department visits, hospitalizations, or outpatient visits for neuropathy symptoms between the two groups.Conclusions: These findings provide a real-world estimate of clinically significant TIPN and evidence of a small protective effect conferred by trastuzumab against these symptoms.
Territorial inequalities in children under five avoidable mortality in Colombia between 2000 and 2019: A multilevel approach
Authors: Rojas-Botero Maylen Liseth , Fernández-Niño Julián Alfredo , Borrero-Ramírez Yadira Eugenia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aim: to evaluate territorial inequalities in children under five avoidable mortality in Colombia between 2000 and 2019.Methods: We conducted an ecological, longitudinal, multi-group study using secondary information sources. Due to the hierarchical structure of the data, we estimated the effect of territorial characteristics on the count of avoidable deaths in children under-five years using a three-level negative binomial regression model with a random intercept by the municipality and fixed intercepts by time and departments.Results: We found ecological relationships between children under five avoidable mortality and the proportion of adolescent births, female illiteracy, and municipality multidimensional poverty. Furthermore, the multidimensional poverty was a confounding factor for the association between the proportion of the population living in rural areas and avoidable child mortality.Conclusions: We observed systematic and avoidable gaps in children under-five mortality in Colombia, where the territory-population binomial and the socially constructed space constitute an axis of inequality, not only the physical place itself. Implementing strategies and programs that contribute to improving the conditions of women and socioeconomic conditions in the territories should be a priority, especially, where rural population is high.