bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the Salmo (trutta) trutta on the population structure, the growth, and the habitat preference of a Cottus gobio population
Authors: Bonacina Luca , Canobbio Sergio , Fornaroli Riccardo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe bullhead Cottus gobio is a small‐sized fish whose range extends over most of the European continent, and it is listed in Annex II of EU “Habitat” Directive for its great conservation interest. In the last decades, bullhead populations suffered local decline. Among the factors that negatively affect bullhead populations, major threats are pollution, habitat deterioration, and the massive introduction of salmonids. This study aims to better understand in which way the presence of the Salmo (trutta) trutta affects Cottus gobio populations. The investigation was carried out in two stretches of a stream located in the Orobic Alps (Italy). The downstream stretch hosts a fish assemblage constituted of both bullhead and brown trout, while in the upstream stretch only bullhead is present. An insurmountable barrier isolates the upstream population of C. gobio from trout, while the environmental conditions of the two stretches proved to be fully comparable. We evaluated population structure, habitat preference, and body shape of bullhead populations in both stretches: the results indicate that the presence of trout decreases the number of bullhead adults, reduces the average adult body size, and induces a bullhead suboptimal habitat occupation. However, both populations of C. gobio showed a well‐structured population and good performance indexes, so trout do not seem to be a threat to the population survival.
Chemo‐Phototherapy with Carfilzomib‐Encapsulated TiN Nanoshells Suppressing Tumor Growth and Lymphatic Metastasis
Authors: Wu Xuan , Wang Le , Xu Yan‐Neng , Chen Jian‐Li , Luo Kathy Qian , Yuan Ming‐Heng , Li Jie , Yuan Gang , Gu Ze‐Yun , Jia Xiao‐Hui , Chen Xiuping , Zhu Xiao‐Ming , Jiang Ruibin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe design of nanomedicine for cancer therapy, especially the treatment of tumor metastasis has received great attention. Proteasome inhibition is accepted as a new strategy for cancer therapy. Despite being a big breakthrough in multiple myeloma therapy, carfilzomib (CFZ), a second‐in‐class proteasome inhibitor is still unsatisfactory for solid tumor and metastasis therapy. In this study, hollow titanium nitride (TiN) nanoshells are synthesized as a drug carrier of CFZ. The TiN nanoshells have a high loading capacity of CFZ, and their intrinsic inhibitory effect on autophagy synergistically enhances the activity of CFZ. Due to an excellent photothermal conversion efficiency in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) region, TiN nanoshell‐based photothermal therapy further induces a synergistic anticancer effect. In vivo study demonstrates that TiN nanoshells readily drain into the lymph nodes, which are responsible for tumor lymphatic metastasis. The CFZ‐loaded TiN nanoshell‐based chemo‐photothermal therapy combined with surgery offers a remarkable therapeutic outcome in greatly inhibiting further metastatic spread of cancer cells. These findings suggest that TiN nanoshells act as an efficient carrier of CFZ for realizing enhanced outcomes for proteasome inhibitor‐based cancer therapy, and this work also presents a “combined chemo‐phototherapy assisted surgery” strategy, promising for future cancer treatment.
An All‐Solid‐State Battery Based on Sulfide and PEO Composite Electrolyte
Authors: Su Yong , Zhang Xuedong , Du Congcong , Luo Yang , Chen Jingzhao , Yan Jitong , Zhu Dingding , Geng Lin , Liu Shuangxu , Zhao Jun , Li Yanshuai , Rong Zhaoyu , Huang Qiao , Zhang Liqiang , Tang Yongfu , Huang Jianyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReplacing liquid electrolytes with solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is considered as a vital approach to developing sulfur (S)‐based cathodes. However, the polysulfides shuttle and the growth of lithium (Li) dendrites are still the major challenges in polyethylene oxide (PEO)‐based electrolyte. Here, an all‐solid‐state Li metal battery with flexible PEO‐Li10Si0.3PS6.7Cl1.8 (LSPSCl)‐C‐lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) composite cathode (FCC) and PEO‐LSPSCl‐LiTFSI composite electrolyte (S‐CPE) is designed. The initial capacity of the Li|S‐CPE|FCC battery is 414 mAh g−1 with 97.8% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1. Moreover, the battery displays remarkable capacity retention of 80% after 500 cycles at 0.4 A g−1. Cryo‐transmission electron microscopy (Cryo‐TEM) reveals rich large‐sized Li2CO3 particles at the Li/PEO interface blocking the Li+ transport, but the layer with rich Li2O nanocrystals, amorphous LiF and Li2S at the Li/S‐CPE interface suppresses the growth of lithium dendrite and stabilizes the interface. In situ optical microscopy demonstrates that the excellent cyclic stability of FCC is ascribed to the reversible shuttle of P–S–P species, resulting from the movement of ether backbone in PEO. This study provides strategies to mitigate the polysulfide shuttle effect and Li dendrite formation in designing high energy density solid‐state Li–S‐based batteries.
Severe smallness as predictor of adverse perinatal outcome in suspected late small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Meler E. , Martinez‐Portilla R. J. , Caradeux J. , Mazarico E. , Gil‐Armas C. , Boada D. , Martinez J. , Carrillo P. , Camacho M. , Figueras F. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the performance of severe smallness in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome among fetuses with suspected late‐onset small‐for‐gestational age (SGA).MethodsA systematic search was performed to identify relevant studies in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Late‐onset SGA was defined as estimated fetal weight (EFW) or abdominal circumference (AC) < 10th percentile diagnosed at or after 32 weeks' gestation, while severe SGA was defined as EFW or AC < 3rd percentile or < 2 SD. Random‐effects modeling was used to generate hierarchical summary receiver‐operating‐characteristics (HSROC) curves. The performance of severe SGA (as a presumptive diagnosis) in predicting adverse perinatal outcome among singleton pregnancies with suspected late‐onset SGA was expressed as area under the HSROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and positive/negative likelihood ratios. The association between suspected severe SGA and adverse perinatal outcome was also assessed by random‐effects modeling using the Mantel–Haenszel method and presented as odds ratio (OR). The non‐exposed group was defined as non‐severe SGA (EFW ≥ 3rd centile).ResultsTwelve cohort studies were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. The studies included a total of 3639 fetuses with suspected late‐onset SGA, of which 1246 had suspected severe SGA. Significant associations were found between suspected severe SGA and composite adverse perinatal outcome (OR, 1.97 (95% CI, 1.33–2.92)), neonatal intensive care unit admission (OR, 2.87 (95% CI, 1.84–4.47)) and perinatal death (OR, 4.26 (95% CI, 1.07–16.93)). However, summary ROC curves showed limited performance of suspected severe SGA in predicting perinatal outcomes, with AUCs of 60.9%, 66.9%, 53.6%, 57.2%, 54.6% and 64.9% for composite adverse perinatal outcome, neonatal intensive care unit admission, neonatal acidosis, Cesarean section for intrapartum fetal compromise, low Apgar score and perinatal death, respectively.ConclusionAlthough suspected severe SGA was associated with a higher risk of perinatal complications, it performed poorly as a standalone parameter in predicting adverse perinatal outcome. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Charting the landscape of (anti-) de Sitter and Minkowski solutions of 10d supergravities
Authors: Andriot David , Horer Ludwig , Marconnet Paul 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We classify solutions of 10d type IIA/B supergravities with orientifolds, on a 4d maximally symmetric spacetime times a 6d group manifold. We then look for new solutions in previously unexplored solution classes, and find some: (anti-) de Sitter solutions with intersecting O4, O6 and D6, or Minkowski solutions with 3 intersecting O5, among others. We provide the numerical code that we developed for this purpose. We also prove new no-go theorems against (anti-) de Sitter solutions. We finally conjecture the absence of de Sitter solution for 2 or less intersecting source sets, implying that a 4d effective theory with de Sitter is at most $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 supersymmetric.
Inpatient care utilisation and expenditure associated with objective physical activity: econometric analysis of the UK Biobank
Authors: Heron Leonie , Tully Mark A. , Kee Frank , O’Neill Ciaran 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Physical inactivity increases the risk of chronic disease and mortality. The high prevalence of physical inactivity in the UK is likely to increase financial pressure on the National Health Service. The UK Biobank Study offered an opportunity to assess the impact of physical inactivity on healthcare use and spending using individual-level data and objective measures of physical activity. The objective of this study was to assess the associations between objectively measured physical activity levels and future inpatient days and costs in adults in the UK Biobank study.

Methods
We conducted an econometric analysis of the UK Biobank study, a large prospective cohort study. The participants (n = 86,066) were UK adults aged 43–79 who had provided sufficient valid accelerometer data. Hospital inpatient days and costs were discounted and standardised to mean monthly values per person to adjust for the variation in follow-up times. Econometric models adjusted for BMI, long-standing illness, and other sociodemographic factors.

Results
Mean follow-up time for the sample was 28.11 (SD 7.65) months. Adults in the most active group experienced 0.037 fewer days per month (0.059–0.016) and 14.1% lower inpatient costs ( – £3.81 [ – £6.71 to  – £0.91] monthly inpatient costs) compared to adults in the least active group. The relationship between physical activity and inpatient costs was stronger in women compared to men and amongst those in the lowest income group compared to others. The findings remained significant across various sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
Increasing physical activity levels in the UK may reduce inpatient hospitalisations and costs, especially in women and lower-income groups.
More persistent bacterial than fungal associations in the microbiota of a pest insect
Authors: Gurung Kiran , Vink Stefanie Nicoline , Salles Joana Falcão , Wertheim Bregje 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe invasive fly Drosophila suzukii is a pest that can infest a diverse range of intact, ripening fruits, using its serrated ovipositor. This constitutes a different niche compared to the rotting fruits its ancestors use, especially because these intact fruits have limited quantities of microbes and soluble nutrients for the developing larvae. To investigate the potential role of microbial associations in the niche expansion of this invasive fly, we characterized the bacterial and fungal communities of D. suzukii and various wild fruits from which they developed. To assess cross-generational microbial associations, we also lab-reared fly populations and characterized their microbial communities. Diversity metrics of microbial communities differed significantly between flies and fruits. Different fruit types varied substantially in microbial composition, while flies showed relatively uniform bacterial communities, irrespective of the fruit source they developed on. After approximately ten generations of lab-rearing, bacterial communities still showed considerable overlap with those of wild flies. Fungal communities of flies and fruits showed larger resemblance, with a substantial overlap between wild flies and the fruits on which they had developed. Our study thus reports that the fungal community structure in these pests largely reflects those on the breeding substrates, while these flies might have formed more persistent associations with some bacteria and transmit these across generations.
Identification of healthspan-promoting genes in Caenorhabditis elegans based on a human GWAS study
Authors: Saul Nadine , Dhondt Ineke , Kuokkanen Mikko , Perola Markus , Verschuuren Clara , Wouters Brecht , von Chrzanowski Henrik , De Vos Winnok H. , Temmerman Liesbet , Luyten Walter , Zečić Aleksandra , Loier Tim , Schmitz-Linneweber Christian , Braeckman Bart P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo find drivers of healthy ageing, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in healthy and unhealthy older individuals. Healthy individuals were defined as free from cardiovascular disease, stroke, heart failure, major adverse cardiovascular event, diabetes, dementia, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, rheumatism, Crohn’s disease, malabsorption or kidney disease. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with unknown function associated with ten human genes were identified as candidate healthspan markers. Thirteen homologous or closely related genes were selected in the model organism C. elegans for evaluating healthspan after targeted RNAi-mediated knockdown using pathogen resistance, muscle integrity, chemotaxis index and the activity of known longevity and stress response pathways as healthspan reporters. In addition, lifespan was monitored in the RNAi-treated nematodes. RNAi knockdown of yap-1, wwp-1, paxt-1 and several acdh genes resulted in heterogeneous phenotypes regarding muscle integrity, pathogen resistance, chemotactic behaviour, and lifespan. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that their human homologues WWC2, CDKN2AIP and ACADS may play a role in health maintenance in the elderly.
Randomized trial of conventional versus radiofrequency needle transseptal puncture for cryoballoon ablation: the CRYO-LATS trial
Authors: Andrade Jason G. , Macle Laurent , Bennett Matthew T. , Hawkins Nathaniel M. , Essebag Vidal , Champagne Jean , Roux Jean-Francois , Makanjee Bhavanesh , Tang Anthony , Skanes Allan , Khaykin Yaariv , Morillo Carlos , Jolly Umjeet , Lockwood Evan , Amit Guy , Angaran Paul , Sapp John , Wardell Stephan , Wells George A. , Verma Atul , Deyell Marc W. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Transseptal puncture to achieve left atrial access is necessary for many cardiac procedures, including atrial fibrillation ablation. More recently, there has been an increasing need for left atrial access using large caliber sheaths, which increases risk of perforation associated with the initial advancement into the left atrium. We compared the effectiveness of a radiofrequency needle-based transseptal system versus conventional needle for transseptal access.

Methods
This prospective controlled trial randomized 161 patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation undergoing cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation to transseptal access with a commercially available transseptal system (radiofrequency needle plus stiff pigtail wire; RF + Pigtail group) versus conventional transseptal access (standard group). The primary outcome was time required for left atrial access. Secondary outcomes included failure of the assigned transseptal system, radiation exposure, and complications.

Results
The median transseptal puncture time was significantly shorter using the radiofrequency needle plus stiff pigtail wire transseptal system compared with conventional transseptal (840 ± 323 vs. 956 ± 407 s, P = 0.0489). Compared to conventional transseptal puncture, fewer transseptal attempts were required (1.0 ± 0.5 RF applications vs. 1.3 ± 0.8 mechanical punctures, P = 0.0123) and the fluoroscopy time was significantly shorter (72.0 [IQR 48.0, 129.0] vs. 93.0 [IQR 60.0, 171.0] s, P = 0.0490) with the radiofrequency needle plus stiff pigtail wire transseptal system. Failure to achieve transseptal LA access with the assigned system was rarely observed (1.3% vs. 5.7%, P = 0.2192). There were no procedural complications observed with either system.

Conclusions
The use of a radiofrequency needle plus stiff pigtail wire resulted in shorter time to left atrial access and reduced fluoroscopy time compared to left atrial access using conventional transseptal equipment.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03199703.
Extension of Mathieu series and alternating Mathieu series involving the Neumann function $$Y_\nu $$
Authors: Parmar Rakesh K. , Milovanović Gradimir V. , Pogány Tibor K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to present a new extension of the familiar Mathieu series and the alternating Mathieu series S(r) and $${{\widetilde{S}}}(r)$$

S
~

(
r
)

which are denoted by $${\mathbb {S}}_{\mu ,\nu }(r)$$

S

μ
,
ν

(
r
)

and $$\widetilde{{\mathbb {S}}}_{\mu ,\nu }(r)$$

S
~

μ
,
ν

(
r
)

, respectively. The computable series expansions of their related integral representations are obtained in terms of the exponential integral $$E_1$$

E
1

, and convergence rate discussion is provided for the associated series expansions. Further, for the series $${\mathbb {S}}_{\mu ,\nu }(r)$$

S

μ
,
ν

(
r
)

and $$\widetilde{{\mathbb {S}}}_{\mu ,\nu }(r)$$

S
~

μ
,
ν

(
r
)

, related expansions are presented in terms of the Riemann Zeta function and the Dirichlet Eta function, also their series built in Gauss’ $${}_2F_1$$

2

F
1

functions and the associated Legendre function of the second kind $$Q_\mu ^\nu $$

Q
μ
ν

are given. Our discussion also includes the extended versions of the complete Butzer–Flocke–Hauss Omega functions. Finally, functional bounding inequalities are derived for the investigated extensions of Mathieu-type series.
Culturally Responsive Opioid and Other Drug Prevention for American Indian/Alaska Native People: a Comparison of Reservation- and Urban-Based Approaches
Authors: Komro Kelli A. , D‘Amico Elizabeth J. , Dickerson Daniel L. , Skinner Juli R. , Johnson Carrie L. , Kominsky Terrence K. , Etz Kathy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
There are few substance use treatment and prevention programs for AI/AN people that integrate culturally based practices with evidence-based treatment and prevention. The National Institutes of Health’s (NIH’s) Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) Prevention Cooperative supports two projects focused on AI/AN populations. One focuses on youth ages 15 to 20 years living within the Cherokee Nation reservation, a multicultural rural area in northeastern Oklahoma, and the second focuses on emerging adults ages 18 to 25 years living in diverse urban areas. We provide a brief overview of the two prevention trials and a case comparison across approaches using the framework of promising practices for intervention science with Indigenous communities (Whitesell et al., 2020) related to (1) integration of Indigenous and academic perspectives to respond to community needs, (2) community partnership and engagement, (3) alignment with Indigenous cultural values and practices, (4) capacity building and empowerment, (5) implementation within complex cultural contexts, and (6) tribal oversight. Overall, these two projects highlight the importance of long-standing relationships with community partners, engaging the community at all levels to ensure that programming is culturally and developmentally appropriate, and having tribal and elder oversight. These practices are key to establishing trust and building confidence in research in these communities and ensuring that research can benefit AI/AN people. These studies showcase how strong partnerships can advance health and support the conduct of rigorous science to help pinpoint optimal health solutions by identifying efficacious, culturally grounded intervention strategies. Although the sovereign status of tribes demands this type of partnership, this research serves as a model for all community research that has a goal of improving health.
Facial Emotion Expressions in Human–Robot Interaction: A Survey
Authors: Rawal Niyati , Stock-Homburg Ruth Maria 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFacial expressions are an ideal means of communicating one’s emotions or intentions to others. This overview will focus on human facial expression recognition as well as robotic facial expression generation. In the case of human facial expression recognition, both facial expression recognition on predefined datasets as well as in real-time will be covered. For robotic facial expression generation, hand-coded and automated methods i.e., facial expressions of a robot are generated by moving the features (eyes, mouth) of the robot by hand-coding or automatically using machine learning techniques, will also be covered. There are already plenty of studies that achieve high accuracy for emotion expression recognition on predefined datasets, but the accuracy for facial expression recognition in real-time is comparatively lower. In the case of expression generation in robots, while most of the robots are capable of making basic facial expressions, there are not many studies that enable robots to do so automatically. In this overview, state-of-the-art research in facial emotion expressions during human–robot interaction has been discussed leading to several possible directions for future research.
Effect of gut microbiota in the colorectal cancer and potential target therapy
Authors: Li Junchuan , Zhu Yuzhou , Yang Lie , Wang Ziqiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe symbiotic interaction between gut microbiota and the digestive tract is an important factor in maintaining the intestinal environment balance. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease involving the interaction between tumour cells and a large number of microorganisms. The microbiota is involved in the occurrence, development and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Several microbiota species have been studied, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.nucleatum), Enterotoxigenic Bacteroidesfragilis (ETBF), Streptococcus bovis (S. bovis), Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium. Studies about the interaction between microbiota and CRC were retrieved from Embase, PubMed, Ovid and Web of Science up to 21 Oct 2021. This review expounded on the effect of microbiota on CRC, especially the dysregulation of bacteria and carcinogenicity. The methods of gut microbiota modifications representing novel prognostic markers and innovative therapeutic strategies were also described.
Unmoved movers: a very simple and novel form of indeterminism
Authors: Laraudogoitia Jon Pérez 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is common knowledge that the Aristotelian idea of an unmoved mover (Primum Mobile) was abandoned definitively (from a mechanical standpoint, at least) with the advent of modern science and, in particular, Newton’s precise formulation of mechanics. Here I show that the essential attribute of an unmoved mover (in a non-trivial sense, and in the context of infinite systems theory) is not incompatible with such mechanics; quite the contrary, it makes this possible. The unmoved mover model proposed does not involve supertasks, and (perhaps precisely for this reason) leads both to an outrageous form of indeterminism and a new, accountable form of interaction. The process presents a more precise characterization of the crucial going-to-the-limit operation (which will admittedly require further development in future research). It has long been acknowledged in the existing literature that, theoretically, in infinite Newtonian systems, masses can move from rest to motion through supertasks. Numerous minor variations on the original schemes have already been published. Against this backdrop, this paper introduces three significant additions: 1) It formulates for the first time a limit postulate for systematically addressing infinite systems; 2) It shows that an Aristotelian unmoved mover (with no supertask) is possible in systems of infinitely many particles that interact with each other solely by contact collision; 3) It shows how interaction at a distance can emerge in systems of infinitely many particles (at relative rest) that interact with each other solely by contact.