bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Protective Effect of Human Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric (DEC) Cell Therapy on Amelioration of Function of Cardiac, Respiratory and Skeletal Muscles in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Siemionow Maria , Langa Paulina , Brodowska Sonia , Kozlowska Katarzyna , Zalants Kristina , Budzynska Katarzyna , Heydemann Ahlke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDuchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal disease caused by mutations in dystrophin encoding gene, causing progressive degeneration of cardiac, respiratory, and skeletal muscles leading to premature death due to cardiac and respiratory failure. Currently, there is no cure for DMD. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed for DMD patients.We have previously reported functional improvements which correlated with increased dystrophin expression following administration of dystrophin expressing chimeric (DEC) cells of myoblast origin to the mdx mouse models of DMD.In the current study, we confirmed dose-dependent protective effect of human DEC therapy created from myoblasts of normal and DMD-affected donors, on restoration of dystrophin expression and amelioration of cardiac, respiratory, and skeletal muscle function at 180 days after systemic-intraosseous DEC administration to mdx/scid mouse model of DMD. Functional improvements included maintenance of ejection fraction and fractional shortening levels on echocardiography, reduced enhanced pause and expiration time on plethysmography and improved grip strength and maximum stretch induced contraction of skeletal muscles. Improved function was associated with amelioration of mdx muscle pathology revealed by reduced muscle fibrosis, reduced inflammation and improved muscle morphology confirmed by reduced number of centrally nucleated fibers and normalization of muscle fiber diameters. Our findings confirm the long-term systemic effect of DEC therapy in the most severely affected by DMD organs including heart, diaphragm, and long skeletal muscles.These encouraging preclinical data introduces human DEC as a novel therapeutic modality of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) with the potential to improve or halt the progression of DMD and enhance quality of life of DMD patients.
Graphical Abstract
Human DEC as a novel therapeutic modality with the potential to improve or halt progression of the DMD disease and enhance quality of life of DMD patients. Graphical abstract represents manufacturing process of the human DEC therapy for the future clinical applications. 1. We report the long-term efficacy of human DEC therapy resulting in increased dystrophin expression and reduced mdx muscle pathology after systemic-intraosseous administration of human Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric (DEC) Cells to the mdx/scid mouse model of DMD. 2. Systemic administration of human DEC therapy resulted in amelioration of cardiac, respiratory and skeletal muscle function as confirmed by echocardiography, plethysmography and standard muscle strength tests respectively. 3. We introduce human DEC as a novel Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) for future clinical application in DMD patients.
Constraining spacetime deformation based on astrophysical observations from radio pulsars
Authors: Juraeva Nozima , Rayimbaev Javlon , Kamoliddin Haydarov , Umaraliyev Maksud , Abdujabbarov Ahmadjon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present work is devoted to investigations of cut-off for plasma magnetospheric radiations around magnetized neutron stars in the presence of spacetime deformation. In this way, we first analysed behaviour deathline conditions of curvature radiations (CR), and inverse Compton scattering (ICS) around deformed neutron stars. Through the analyses, we have obtained upper limits for the deformation parameter which causes switchingof pulsars in radio to $$\gamma $$
γ
-rays bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. It is observed that the upper limits for the radio waves and $$\gamma $$
γ
-rays cut off are not the same, but they are different, the limit is higher for radio wave cut off than $$\gamma $$
γ
-rays. Moreover, our detailed analyses show that this limit also depends on the period of pulses from pulsars and its delay (period derivation). Finally, we have obtained upper limits for the deformation parameter for selected several millisecond pulsars using the deathline conditions.
Terapia farmacologica dell’obesità: attualità e prospettive future
Authors: Vinciguerra Federica , Frittitta Lucia 
Published: May 2022

SommarioL’obesità è una malattia cronica, progressiva e recidivante che necessita, come tale, di un trattamento multidisciplinare a lungo termine. L’intervento sullo stile di vita e le modifiche comportamentali rappresentano le pietre miliari nella gestione di tale patologia ma non consentono di ottenere un decremento ponderale rilevante e duraturo in tutti i pazienti. D’altra parte, la chirurgia bariatrica, sebbene efficace nel determinare una significativa perdita di peso, è indicata nelle forme più gravi di obesità. La terapia farmacologica rappresenta, quindi, l’opzione terapeutica in grado di colmare il divario tra questi due estremi di trattamento. Negli ultimi anni, grazie all’ampliamento delle conoscenze sui meccanismi fisiologici che regolano il metabolismo energetico, lo scenario farmacologico si sta arricchendo di molecole innovative in grado di agire su nuovi bersagli terapeutici e di determinare risultati altamente competitivi con quelli sino ad ora garantiti soltanto dalla chirurgia bariatrica.
Gradient-supervised person re-identification based on dense feature pyramid network
Authors: Hou Shaoqi , Yin Kangning , Liang Jie , Wang Zhiguo , Pan Yixi , Yin Guangqiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the monitoring scene, parameters of different cameras are vary greatly, which makes Person re-identification (Re-ID) tasks extremely susceptible to factors such as scale, blur, and occlusion. To alleviate the these problems, this paper proposes a Dense Feature Pyramid Network (DFPN), which can converge to a better performance without pretraining. To be more specific, DFPN is composed of three main parts. First, a new Residual Convolutional Block (RCB) is designed by referring to the construction method of ResBlock. Taking RCB as a basic unit and combining it with the convolution layer structure of VGGNet, we construct the backbone RVNet (Residual VGGNet) to realize the rapid convergence of the network and solve the disappearance of the gradient. Second, based on Feature Pyramid Network, we design the Dense Pyramid Fusion Module by integrating the connection mode of DenseNet, which aims at the improvement of the richness and scale diversity of feature maps by taking semantic information and detail information into account. Finally, to increase the receptive field of the feature map, we introduce an improved retinal receptive field structure Improved RFB (IRFB) on the basis of Receptive Field Block (RFB), which can effectively solve the problem of pedestrian occlusion. In experiments on the public datasets Market1501, DukeMTMC-reID and Occluded-Duke, the Rank-1 accuracy can reach 94.12%, 87.25% and 51.72% with pretraining, respectively. A series of ablation experiments and comparative experiments have proved the effectiveness of our modules and overall scheme.
Arbeitspläne und Leitideen in der Weimarer Republik – Divergente Richtungen der Volkshochschulen in Bremen und in Gießen
Authors: Käpplinger Bernd 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDer folgende Beitrag knüpft an neuere Forschungsarbeiten und Ansätze der Programmforschung von Ebner von Eschenbach und Dinkelaker in einer Art Replikationsstudie an und diskutiert diese kritisch-konstruktiv. Es wird herausgearbeitet, warum Programme und Arbeitspläne mehr als lediglich Angebotskommunikationen sind. Außerdem wird an den beiden gewählten Volkshochschulen deutlich, wie unterschiedlich Volkshochschulen in der Vergangenheit, fern einer einheitsstiftenden Leitidee, sein konnten. Gleichzeitig wurde die innere Umschlagseite unisono zur Selbstdarstellung anhand von Leitideen und Leitsätzen genutzt. Die sich regional unter mehreren Gründungen durchsetzende Volkshochschule Bremen stellt sich historisch von Anfang an als eine „völkische“ Einrichtung dar, während an der Volkshochschule Gießen eher bürgerlich-humanistische Bildungsaspirationen in Abgrenzung zu anderen Bildungseinrichtungen leitend waren. In der Zeit der Weimarer Republik wandelten sich beide Konzeptionen in Bremen und Gießen kaum.
Multimodale Therapiekonzepte beim Rektumkarzinom
Authors: Limani Perparim , Garcia Schüler Helena , Fritsch Ralph , Turina Matthias 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDas kolorektale Karzinom (KRK) ist in der Schweiz das dritthäufigste Malignom bezüglich der Sterblichkeitsrate bei Männern und Frauen. Beim Kolonkarzinom ist weiterhin die primäre chirurgische Resektion der Goldstandard der Therapie. Beim Rektumkarzinom hingegen kommt ein differenziertes, stadienadaptiertes multimodales Therapiekonzept zur Anwendung. Frühe Tumoren (Stadium I + II ohne Lymphknotenbefall) können mit exzellenten Langzeitergebnissen alleinig chirurgisch behandelt werden. Fortgeschrittene Rektumkarzinome (Stadium III) im unteren und mittleren Rektumdrittel erfordern eine multimodale Therapie aus neoadjuvanter Behandlung (Radiotherapie, Radiochemotherapie, Chemotherapie), gefolgt von Resektion und ggf. adjuvanter Chemotherapie. Die totale neoadjuvante Therapie (TNT) erreicht durch Intensivierung der Vorbehandlung (sequenziell neoadjuvante Radio[chemo]therapie und neoadjuvante Chemotherapie) ein verbessertes Ansprechen und progressionsfreies Überleben. Nach komplettem Ansprechen auf neoadjuvante Therapie kann ein „Watch-and-wait-Konzept“ die chirurgische Resektion ersetzen. Dieser Übersichtsartikel befasst sich mit den aktuellen Standards der multimodalen Behandlungsschemata beim Rektumkarzinom.
The impact of clinical result acquisition and interpretation on task performance during a simulated pediatric cardiac arrest: a multicentre observational study
Authors: Rizkalla Carol , Garcia-Jorda Dailys , Cheng Adam , Duff Jonathan P. , Gottesman Ronald , Weiss Matthew J. , Koot Deanna A. , Gilfoyle Elaine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The acquisition and interpretation of clinical results during resuscitations is common; however, this can delay critical clinical tasks, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the impact of clinical result acquisition and interpretation by the team leader on critical task completion during simulated pediatric cardiac arrest before and after team training.

Methods
This is a secondary data analysis of video-recorded simulated resuscitation scenarios conducted during Teams4Kids (T4K) study (June 2011–January 2015); scenarios included cardiac arrest before and after team training. The scenario included either a scripted paper or a phone call delivery of results concurrently with a clinical transition to pulseless ventricular tachycardia. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were used to compare team performance before and after training.

Results
Performance from 40 teams was analyzed. Although the time taken to initiate CPR and defibrillation varied depending on the type of interruption and whether the scenario was before or after team training, these findings were not significantly associated with the leader's behaviour [Kruskal–Wallis test (p > 0.05)]. An exact McNemar’s test determined no statistically significant difference in the proportion of leaders involved or not in interpreting results between and after the training (exact p value = 0.096).

Conclusions
Team training was successful in reducing time to perform key clinical tasks. Although team training modified the way leaders behaved toward the results, this behaviour change did not impact the time taken to start CPR or defibrillate. Further understanding the elements that influence time to critical clinical tasks provides guidance in designing future simulated educational activities, subsequently improving clinical team performance and patient outcomes.
The Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs’ Ovarian Cancer Academy: a new approach to training in biomedical research
Authors: Wyatt Tasha R. , Stepleman Lara , Coleman Taylor , Robinson Leslie , Wylie Karen , Levine Douglas A. , Maihle Nita J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Researchers have begun to change their approach to training in the biomedical sciences through the development of communities of practice (CoPs). CoPs share knowledge across clinical and laboratory contexts to promote the progress of clinical and translational science. The Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs’ (CDMRP) Ovarian Cancer Academy (OCA) was designed as a virtual CoP to promote interactions among early career investigators (ECIs) and their mentors with the goal of eliminating ovarian cancer.

Methods:
A mixed-methods approach (surveys and interviews) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the OCA for the eight ECIs and five mentors. Quantitative analysis included internal reliability of scales and descriptive statistics for each measure, as well as paired sample t-tests for Time 1 and Time 2. Qualitative data were analyzed for themes to discern which aspects of the program were useful and where more attention is needed.

Results:
Preliminary analyses reveal several trends, including the importance of training in grant writing to the ECI’s productivity, as well as the value of peer mentorship.

Conclusion:
The results show that the OCA was an innovative and effective way to create a CoP with broad implications for the field of ovarian cancer research, as well as for the future of biomedical research training.
Fracture stratigraphy of Mesozoic platform carbonates, Agri Valley, southern Italy
Authors: Manniello C , Agosta F , Todaro S , Cavalcante F , Prosser G 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Viggiano Mt. platform carbonates form a layered succession cross-cut by a dense array of pressure solution seams, and five sets of fractures and veins, which together form a sub-seismic structural network associated with polyphasic tectonic evolution. To assess the influence exerted by depositional and diagenetic heterogeneities on fracture geometry, distribution and multiscale properties, we present the results of stratigraphic, petrographic, mineralogical and mesoscale structural analyses conducted at the Viggiano Mountain, southern Italy. Based on rock textures and fossil associations, we documented that the Sinemurian–Pleinsbachian carbonates were deposited in a low-energy open lagoon, the Toarcian carbonates in a ramp setting rimmed by sand shoals, and the Cenomanian carbonates in a medium- to high-energy, lagoonal–tidal setting. Fracture-density (P20) and intensity (P21) values computed after circular scanline measurements show similar trends in both Sinemurian–Pleinsbachian and Toarcian carbonates, consistent with the bed and bed-package heterogeneities acting as efficient mechanical interfaces during incipient faulting. On the other hand, P20 and P21 do not show very similar variations throughout the Cenomanian carbonates due to pronounced bed amalgamation. Throughout the study area, the aforementioned parameters do not vary in proportion to the bed thickness, and show higher values within the coarse-grained carbonate beds. This conclusion is confirmed by results of linear scanline measurements, which focus on the P10 properties of the most common diffuse fracture set. The original results reported in this work are consistent with burial-related, physical–chemical compaction and cementation processes affecting the fracture stratigraphy of the Mesozoic platform carbonates.
DNA barcoding reveals deep divergent molecular units inPomatomus saltatrix(Perciformes: Pomatomidae): implications for management and global conservation
Authors: Queiroz-Brito Maria Clara G. de , Machado Carolina Barros , Maia Danielle de Jesus Gama , Jacobina Uedson Pereira , Nirchio Mauro , Rotundo Matheus M. , Tubino Rafael de Almeida , Iriarte Pedro Fernández , Haimovici Manuel , Torres Rodrigo Augusto 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPomatomus saltatrixis a high-value marine pelagic coastal fish, that is fished throughout subtropical and temperate coastal waters around the world. Despite its large economic potential, there are no global data on its genetic diversity, which could compromise the conservation of the species. The aim of this study was to analyse the genetic-evolutionary structuring of the species, with the intention of evaluating different geneticP. saltatrixstocks that may indicate potential species. Based on 157 Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 sequences, the molecular delimitation analyses of species (distance and coalescence methods), as well as the haplotype network, found profound geographic structuring related to five distinct units with high and significantFSTpairwise values. The divergence of these molecular units is mostly related to the Pleistocene glacial and interglacial cycles of climatic oscillations. It is hypothesized that one ancestral lineage, adapted to cold water environments, diversified into two lineages, with one more adapted to warmer environments. The high values of global genetic diversity (π = 0.016; h = 0.96) may be related to the existing profound genetic differentiation. Due to the presence of five Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) within the species it is necessary to employ different regional management strategies. Traits of low haplotype richness and shallow population contraction were identified in the MOTUs V (Venezuela and Brazil) and III (Turkey and Australia), respectively, representing conservation priorities. Other molecular markers, as well as morphological data, should be explored with the aim of defining the taxonomic status ofP. saltatrixstocks.
A philosophical account of repentance
Authors: Oren Noam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRepentance is central to the doctrinal philosophies of all major religions. From a theoretical point of view, however, the practice poses significant challenges. As the past cannot be altered, the guilt that obtains from already committed sins appears forever fettered to the sinner. In this article, I explore this conundrum and discuss a number of solutions that have been proposed in religious traditions. I show how these solutions fail to satisfy from both theological and philosophical perspectives. Finally, I propose a novel approach that, I believe, solves the problem.
Intergenerational Learning and Place-making in a Deindustrialized Locality: “Tracks of the Past” in Lanarkshire, Scotland
Authors: Gibbs Ewan , Henderson Susan , Bianchi Victoria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper contributes to scholarship on the long experience of deindustrialization. It emphasizes contemporary place-making in navigating the much-changed socioeconomic landscapes that the closure of mills, mines, shipyards and factories have left behind. The ‘half-life of deindustrialization' suggests these experiences have been received through understandings of labour and community with origins in the industrial era. ‘Tracks of the Past' was a school-based education project themed around workers' occupation of Caterpillar's earth-moving machinery plant in Lanarkshire, Scotland. The occupation was a response to Caterpillar's shock closure announcement and the loss of 1,200 jobs. It lasted 103 days between January and April 1987 when closure was reluctantly conceded. A Caterpillar Workers Legacy Group (CWLG) commemorated the occupation's thirtieth anniversary. During 2018, academics collaborated with the CWLG to develop a curriculum for a local high school class. ‘Tracks' produced lessons where students engaged with archival sources and physical objects, interviewed members of the CWLG and conducted online research. The ‘learning journey' montages that the students produced combined conversations in 2018 with sources from three decades earlier, often reflecting on the occupation as a historical episode in a highly localised context. Others implicated the closure within an international pattern, linking Caterpillar’s divestment to the actions of multinationals in the contemporary global economy. In neither case did the invocation of the occupation lead to a straightforward translation of the occupation into contemporary workplace justice issues as the CWLG had hoped. However, these results did suggest a creative deployment of the past that rationalised the occupation with reference to contemporary deindustrialized contexts. These findings demonstrate the utility of the half-life through a lingering industrial past, but also demonstrate the need to conceptualise agents or custodians of labour history and challenge the linearity of passing time that an incrementally receding industrial era implicates.
Microhabitat preferences and guild structure of a tropical reptile community from the Western Ghats of India: implications for conservation
Authors: Jins V.J. , Mukherjee Aditi , Arun P.R. , Michael Damian R. , Bhupathy Subramanian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMicrohabitat characteristics can be used as a proxy to predict the community structure of associated organisms and evaluate their vulnerability to habitat degradation. Microhabitat-specific and ectothermic taxa (like many reptiles) are among the best models to study responses to changing habitats and climate. We examined the niche breadth and guild structure of reptiles from Agasthyamalai Hills in the southern Western Ghats of India based on microhabitat use data. We recorded a total of 47 reptile species from 1,554 observations comprising two major orders and 11 families. Niche breadth analysis revealed that 45% of reptiles are microhabitat specialists, indicating the importance of protecting their habitats with all structural attributes. Cluster analysis grouped reptile species into four major guilds based on microhabitat preferences. The forest floor-dwelling guild was the largest group with 25 species, followed by the semi-arboreal guild with 12 species. The floor-dwelling guild also exhibited both the highest number of microhabitat specialists (n = 11) and globally threatened species (n = 3), highlighting the need for preserving ground cover characteristics such as leaf litter, boulders, and open ground for conserving reptiles in the region. Considering the microhabitat specializations within the community, we recommend a dynamic approach to monitor abundance, diversity, and habitat quality across the Agasthyamalai landscape to better conserve its rich reptile diversity.