bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaborative wildlife–snow science: Integrating wildlife and snow expertise to improve research and management
Authors: Reinking Adele K. , Højlund Pedersen Stine , Elder Kelly , Boelman Natalie T. , Glass Thomas W. , Oates Brendan A. , Bergen Scott , Roberts Shane , Prugh Laura R. , Brinkman Todd J. , Coughenour Michael B. , Feltner Jennifer A. , Barker Kristin J. , Bentzen Torsten W. , Pedersen Åshild Ø. , Schmidt Niels M. , Liston Glen E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFor wildlife inhabiting snowy environments, snow properties such as onset date, depth, strength, and distribution can influence many aspects of ecology, including movement, community dynamics, energy expenditure, and forage accessibility. As a result, snow plays a considerable role in individual fitness and ultimately population dynamics, and its evaluation is, therefore, important for comprehensive understanding of ecosystem processes in regions experiencing snow. Such understanding, and particularly study of how wildlife–snow relationships may be changing, grows more urgent as winter processes become less predictable and often more extreme under global climate change. However, studying and monitoring wildlife–snow relationships continue to be challenging because characterizing snow, an inherently complex and constantly changing environmental feature, and identifying, accessing, and applying relevant snow information at appropriate spatial and temporal scales, often require a detailed understanding of physical snow science and technologies that typically lie outside the expertise of wildlife researchers and managers. We argue that thoroughly assessing the role of snow in wildlife ecology requires substantive collaboration between researchers with expertise in each of these two fields, leveraging the discipline‐specific knowledge brought by both wildlife and snow professionals. To facilitate this collaboration and encourage more effective exploration of wildlife–snow questions, we provide a five‐step protocol: (1) identify relevant snow property information; (2) specify spatial, temporal, and informational requirements; (3) build the necessary datasets; (4) implement quality control procedures; and (5) incorporate snow information into wildlife analyses. Additionally, we explore the types of snow information that can be used within this collaborative framework. We illustrate, in the context of two examples, field observations, remote‐sensing datasets, and four example modeling tools that simulate spatiotemporal snow property distributions and, in some cases, evolutions. For each type of snow data, we highlight the collaborative opportunities for wildlife and snow professionals when designing snow data collection efforts, processing snow remote sensing products, producing tailored snow datasets, and applying the resulting snow information in wildlife analyses. We seek to provide a clear path for wildlife professionals to address wildlife–snow questions and improve ecological inference by integrating the best available snow science through collaboration with snow professionals.
Rhizospherebacterial communities differ among traditional maize landraces
Authors: Lund Mads , Agerbo Rasmussen Jacob , Ramos‐Madrigal Jazmín , Sawers Ruairidh , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Barnes Christopher James 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe plant‐associated microbiome has been shown to vary considerably between species and across environmental gradients. The effects of genomic variation on the microbiome within single species are less clearly understood, with results often confounded by the larger effects of climatic and edaphic variation. In this study, our objective was to confirm that maize genomic variation effects the rhizosphere bacterial communities in the absence of confounding environmental variation. This was investigated by comparing different maize lines grown within controlled environments. Rhizosphere bacterial communities were profiled by metabarcoding the universal bacterial 16S rRNA v3‐v4 region. Initially, plants from the inbred B73 line and the traditional Ancho landrace were grown for 12 weeks and compared. The experiment was then repeated with an additional four Mexican landraces (Apachito, Tehua, Serrano, and Harinoso) that were grown alongside additional B73 and Ancho plants. In both experiments, there were significant compositional differences in the rhizosphere bacteria associated with different genotypes. Additionally, we found that genetic distance (phylogenetic) correlated with bacterial community similarity (i.e., more closely related lines had more similar rhizosphere bacteria). We therefore confirm that heritable variation in maize landraces is associated with differences in the rhizosphere bacterial communities. Further studies are required to identify the mechanisms that translate variation in the genome to predictable variation in the root microbiome, which could potentially be exploited to optimize the root microbiome for particular functions as part of crop improvement strategies.
Oral iron supplementation in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Song Zhiping , Tang Mingyang , Tang Gang , Fu Guoqi , Ou Dengke , Yao Fengyou , Hou Xingzhi , Zhang Denghong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThis review aimed to assess whether oral iron supplementation in a chronic heart failure (HF) population with iron deficiency (ID) or mild anaemia is safe and effective according to evidence‐based medicine.MethodsWe retrieved 1803 records from the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases from 1 January 1991 to 15 September 2021. The clinical outcome of oral iron supplementation for ID anaemia in patients with HF was the primary endpoint. The primary safety measures included adverse events and all‐cause mortality, and efficacy measures included transferrin saturation (Tsat), ferritin levels, and the 6‐min walk test (6MWT). The rate ratio (RR) was used to pool the efficacy measures.ResultsFive randomized controlled trials that compared oral iron treatment for patients with the placebo group and included a combined total of 590 participants were analysed. No significant difference was found in all‐cause death between oral iron treatment and placebo groups (RR = 0.77; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.46–1.29, Z = 0.98; P = 0.33). However, adverse events were not significantly higher in the iron treatment group (RR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.60–1.16, Z = 1.07; P = 0.28). In addition, ferritin levels and Tsat were slightly increased after iron complex administration in patients with HF but were not statistically significant (ferritin: mean difference [MD] = 2.70, 95% CI, –2.41 to 7.81, Z = 1.04; P = 0.30; Tsat: MD = 27.42, 95% CI, –4.93 to 59.78, Z = 1.66; P = 0.10). No significant difference was found in exercise capacity, as indicated by the 6MWT results (MD = 59.60, 95% CI, –17.89 to 137.08, Z = 1.51; P = 0.13). We also analysed two non‐randomized controlled trials with follow‐up results showing that oral iron supplementation increased serum iron levels (MD = 28.87, 95% CI, 1.62–56.12, Z = 2.08; P = 0.04).ConclusionsBased on the current findings, oral iron supplementation can increase serum iron levels in patients with HF and ID or mild anaemia but does not improve Tsat and 6MWT. In addition, oral iron supplementation is relatively safe.
A survey‐based triage tool to identify patients potentially eligible for referral to an advanced heart failure centre
Authors: Murphy Laura , Giblin Gerard T. , Starr Neasa , Caples Norma , Black Regina , Halley Carmel , McDonald Kenneth , Joyce Emer 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsAccurate prevalence data for ambulatory advanced heart failure (HF) in European countries remains limited. This study was designed to identify the population of patients potentially eligible for referral for assessment for advanced surgical HF therapies to a National advanced HF and cardiac transplant centre.Methods and resultsA survey comprising 13 potential clinical markers of advanced HF was developed, modified from the ‘I NEED HELP’ tool from the 2018 position statement of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, and distributed to all HF clinic services (secondary and tertiary units) nationwide. Each HF clinic unit was asked to complete the survey on consecutive patients over a 3 month period fulfilling the following three criteria: (i) age <65 years; (ii) ejection fraction <40% and (iii) HF of >3 months duration. As a comparison, the number of actual referrals to the advanced HF clinic were also audited over a 9 month period. In all, 21 of 26 HF clinic units participated in the survey. Across the period of inclusion, 4950 all‐comer HF patients were seen across all sites. Of these, 375 (7.5%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were surveyed (74.4% male, median age 57 years [IQR: 11 years]). In total, 246 (66%) of the surveyed patients had ≥1 potential markers for advanced HF, representing just under 5% of the total all‐comer HF population seen across the same time period. Of these, 67 patients (27%) had ≥2, 48 (20%) had 3 and 40 (16%) had ≥4 potential markers. The most frequently noted markers were ≥1 HF hospitalization or unscheduled clinic review (56%), intolerance to renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors due to hypotension or renal dysfunction (29%) and intolerance to beta‐blockers due to hypotension (27%). Almost one‐quarter of patients reported NYHA Class III or IV symptoms. During the advanced HF clinic audit, the number of patients actually referred to the advanced HF clinic during the same time period was <5% of this potentially eligible cohort.ConclusionsIn this index prospective National survey, approximately 5% of an all‐comer routine HF clinic population and two‐thirds of a pre‐selected HF with reduced EF under 65 years cohort were found to have at least one clinical or biochemical marker suggesting advanced or impending advanced HF. Almost one‐quarter of patients in this chronic outpatient ‘snapshot’ population have NYHA III‐IV symptoms. This simple one‐page triage survey—modified from the ‘I NEED HELP’ tool—is useful to identify a population potentially eligible for referral to an advanced HF centre for assessment for advanced surgical therapies, thereby aiding resource and service planning.
Calcium Complexes Bearing Dianionic or Monoanionic Iminoacenaphthen‐1‐one Ligands: Synthesis, Reactions with Alkynes and Catalysis of L‐lactide Polymerization
Authors: Lukoyanov Anton N. , Zvereva Yulia V. , Parshina Diana A. , Cherkasov Anton V. , Ketkov Sergey Yu. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe reduction of 2‐[(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthen‐1‐one (dpp‐MIAN) with metallic calcium in THF affords tetrameric [(dpp‐MIAN)Ca(THF)]4 (1). A further addition of dpp‐MIAN to complex 1 leads to the formation of paramagnetic species [(dpp‐MIAN)3Ca]2Ca (2). Both complexes were characterized by X‐ray diffraction. Complex 1 is active towards phenylacetylene and acetylene at temperatures above 80 °C. As a result, cycloaddition products are formed. Their hydrolysis results in a release of the dpp‐MIAN ligand with an attached phenylethynyl or ethynyl moiety to the carbonyl C atom. Complexes 1 and 2 demonstrate catalytic activity in the polymerization of L‐lactide both in solution and in bulk.
Mergers & acquisitions in the elevator industry: The use of information and communication technologies to avoid information asymmetry
Authors: de la Guardia Garcia‐Lomas Juan , Palacios Miguel , Zurdo Ricardo Palomo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMergers and Acquisitions (M&A) is one of the most explored growth strategies in all markets, and this is indeed the case in the elevator industry, an engineering‐based industry with important service contracts. The reality is that a high percentage of the operations carried out do not meet the expectations of the investors once the integration phase has been completed. The authors have reviewed 290 papers related to successes and failures of M&A operations from different industries, between 1990 and 2020, and the conclusion is that there are several causes of failures in M&A operations, but the most common one, and the one with the highest risk of overprice in an acquisition decision, is information asymmetry. During the negotiation phase a large amount of data is collected, and subsequently analyzed during the due diligence period, but it may not correspond to the reality during the integration phase. In this article we will propose how information asymmetry can be avoided through internet of things (hereinafter IoT) devices installed in an elevator. This can also be applied to other engineering‐based industries with service involvement and potential remote measurements.
Amplitude scaling of ground motions as a potential source of bias: Large‐scale investigations on structural drifts
Authors: Tsalouchidis Konstantinos Theodoros , Adam Christoph 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe question of whether amplitude scaling of ground motion (GM) records introduces bias is controversial in earthquake engineering. In this study, this research question is formally defined with a focus on evaluating bias in determining an engineering demand parameter (EDP) as a result of nonlinear response history analyses (NLRHA) when using scaled rather than unscaled GM that have the same level of intensity. The analysed structures are 10 planar steel frame buildings ranging from low‐ to high‐rise, where the EDP of interest is the maximum interstory drift ratio, while the structural responses range from linear to collapse. A unique contribution is the depth of the research, which employs an unprecedented number of more than 17,000 recorded GM, resulting in approximately 3.4 million NLRHA. For a thorough investigation, the most relevant intensity measures are discussed and considered, as well as novel spectral information describing the sustained vibration amplitude. The introduction of bias is examined from different points of view, using first simple and intuitive statistical methods, then machine learning techniques, and finally a novel GM selection approach. In the numerous investigations, no bias could be detected under the inherent uncertainty of the calculations. The results indicate that scaled records can be safely used in NLRHA to assess the seismic structural behaviour if spectral and scenario compatibility are ensured and it is verified that the sustained amplitude is also consistent.
The naming of Homo bodoensis by Roksandic and colleagues does not resolve issues surrounding Middle Pleistocene human evolution
Authors: Delson Eric , Stringer Chris 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRoksandic et al. (2022) proposed the new species name Homo bodoensis as a replacement name for Homo rhodesiensis Woodward, 1921, because they felt it was poorly and variably defined and was linked to sociopolitical baggage. However, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature includes regulations on how and when such name changes are allowed, and Roksandic et al.'s arguments meet none of these requirements. It is not permitted to change a name solely because of variable (or erroneous) later use once it has been originally defined correctly, nor can a name be modified because it is offensive to one or more authors or to be politically expedient. We discuss past usage of H. rhodesiensis and the relevant nomenclatural procedures, the proposed evolutionary position of H. bodoensis, and issues raised about decolonizing paleoanthropology. We reject H. bodoensis as a junior synonym, with no value from its inception.
Ten Steps to Organize a Virtual Scientific Symposium and Engage Your Global Audience
Authors: Son Jiye , Sabio Jasmine , Jain Ankit , Ulijn Rein V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe paper describes guidelines for the planning, organization, and successful execution of virtual, global scientific conferences for global audiences. The guidelines are based on experience and lessons learned during the organization of the 3‐day 2020 Virtual Systems Chemistry Symposium hosted on Zoom webinar and Twitter, held on May 2020 with over 1000 registered participants from 46 different countries.
Emotional exhaustion and fear of COVID‐19 in geriatric facilities during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Altintas Emin , El Haj Mohamad , Boudoukha Abdel‐Halim , Olivier Camille , Lizio Andréa , Luyat Marion , Gallouj Karim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveSince the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, healthcare workers, especially those employed in hospital settings, have been exposed to a variety of stressors in the workplace. The aim of this study was to explore the Emotional Exhaustion (EE) of workers in geriatric facilities during the COVID‐19 crisis. We accordingly sought to investigate the short‐term impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic in terms of the EE experienced by workers in geriatric facilities, and to examine the manner in which psychosocial conditions and fear of COVID‐19 in the workplace have affected EE.MethodsSurveys were administered in the midst of the COVID‐19 crisis (October to December 2020). The study included 118 French healthcare workers with a mean age of 35.61 ± 0.73 recruited in geriatric facilities. We assessed EE, psychosocial conditions (e.g., demands at work, health and well‐being, etc.) and fear of COVID‐19 in the workplace.ResultsThe analysis yielded two main outcomes. First, 34.75% workers (41) reported severe levels of EE. Second, demands at work and the fear of COVD‐19 increased EE. Health and well‐being were, however, demonstrated to protect against EE.DiscussionFurthermore, fear of COVID‐19 was shown to contribute significantly to EE healthcare workers in geriatric facilities. It is likely that Covid‐19 indirectly contributes to EE by influencing demands at work.
Stability and changes in high school students' STEM career expectations: Variability based on STEM support and parent education
Authors: Starr Christine R. , Ramos Carranza Perla , Simpkins Sandra D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionWhy do some students maintain their career expectations in STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics), whereas others change their expectations? Using situated expectancy‐value and social cognitive career theories, we sought to investigate the extent to which STEM support predicted changes in students' STEM career expectations during high school, and if these processes varied by whether the student had college educated or noncollege educated parents.MethodsUsing the nationally representative data set of the High School Longitudinal Study, we investigated the predictors of changes in US students' STEM career expectations from 9th to 11th grade (n = 13,100, 54% noncollege educated parents, 51% girls, 55% White, 21% Latinx, 12% Black).Results and ConclusionsStudents with noncollege educated parents were significantly more likely to change from STEM to non‐STEM career expectations by 11th grade or to have stable non‐STEM career expectations (compared to having stable STEM expectations or changing from non‐STEM to STEM expectations). Additionally, students with noncollege educated parents were less likely to receive STEM support from parents and attend extracurricular activities compared to students with college educated parents. However, when examining the predictors among students with noncollege educated parents, students were more likely to maintain their expectations for a STEM career from 9th to 11th grade (compared to switching to a non‐STEM career) if they had parental STEM support. Additionally, all students regardless of parents' level of education were more likely to maintain their expectations for a STEM career (vs. switching to a non‐STEM career) through high school if they received teacher STEM support. Furthermore, students were more likely to develop STEM career expectations (vs. maintaining non‐STEM career expectations) if they had parent STEM support. These findings highlight how parent and teacher STEM support may bolster STEM career expectations, particularly among students with noncollege educated parents.
Do extracurricular activities contribute to better adolescent outcomes? A fixed‐effects panel data approach
Authors: O'Flaherty Martin , Baxter Janeen , Campbell Alice 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionExtracurricular activity participation is associated with positive academic, health, and behavioral outcomes for adolescents, but these findings may reflect unobserved confounding rather than participation effects.MethodData were drawn from 3885 adolescents aged 12–15 in a nationally representative cohort of Australian adolescents. Effects of participation in three kinds of extracurricular activity (team sport, individual sport, and arts) on an array of outcomes were modeled using fixed‐effects regression to account for potential unobserved confounding.ResultsStrong bivariate relationships between all forms of activity participation and positive adolescent outcomes were found. These associations were much smaller in the fixed‐effects analysis, but beneficial effects of sports for mental health and arts for peer group characteristics remained statistically significant. Minimal effects of extracurricular activity participation for academic achievement were found.ConclusionExtracurricular activity participation has beneficial effects on adolescents' mental health and exposure to peers' delinquent behavior.
Alterations in CD39/CD73 axis of T cells associated with COVID‐19 severity
Authors: Dorneles Gilson P. , Teixeira Paula C. , da Silva Igor M. , Schipper Lucas L. , Santana Filho Paulo C. , Rodrigues Junior Luiz C. , Bonorino Cristina , Peres Alessandra , Fonseca Simone G. , Monteiro Marta C. , Boeck Carina R. , Eller Sarah , Oliveira Tiago F. , Wendland Eliana M. , Romão Pedro R. T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurinergic signaling modulates immune function and is involved in the immunopathogenesis of several viral infections. This study aimed to investigate alterations in purinergic pathways in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients. Mild and severe COVID‐19 patients had lower extracellular adenosine triphosphate and adenosine levels, and higher cytokines than healthy controls. Mild COVID‐19 patients presented lower frequencies of CD4+CD25+CD39+(activated/memory regulatory T cell [mTreg]) and increased frequencies of high‐differentiated (CD27−CD28−) CD8+T cells compared with healthy controls. Severe COVID‐19 patients also showed higher frequencies of CD4+CD39+, CD4+CD25−CD39+(memory T effector cell), and high‐differentiated CD8+T cells (CD27−CD28−), and diminished frequencies of CD4+CD73+, CD4+CD25+CD39+mTreg cell, CD8+CD73+, and low‐differentiated CD8+T cells (CD27+CD28+) in the blood in relation to mild COVID‐19 patients and controls. Moreover, severe COVID‐19 patients presented higher expression of PD‐1 on low‐differentiated CD8+T cells. Both severe and mild COVID‐19 patients presented higher frequencies of CD4+Annexin‐V+and CD8+Annexin‐V+T cells, indicating increased T‐cell apoptosis. Plasma samples collected from severe COVID‐19 patients were able to decrease the expression of CD73 on CD4+and CD8+T cells of a healthy donor. Interestingly, the in vitro incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell from severe COVID‐19 patients with adenosine reduced the nuclear factor‐κB activation in T cells and monocytes. Together, these data add new knowledge to the COVID‐19 immunopathology through purinergic regulation.