bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detonation waves in melt-coolant interaction
Authors: Kolev N. I. , Hulin H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Making use of the detonation theory presented in part 1 for melt-water interaction, detonation solutions for different meltwater pairs at different conditions are compared to each other. Discussion is provided on the existence of detonation solutions for water droplet – melt droplet – gas systems. The conclusion is made that even if such solutions can be realized in the nature, which is highly questionable, the resulting detonation pressures will be below 200 bar. This is an important result for judging the risk of the melt-water disperse mixtures in nuclear safety analysis. In addition, the detonation pressures for alumnacontinuous water systems have been found to be stronger then those for urania-continuous water systems, in agreement with the experimental observations and seems to give finally the searched for a long time explanation why alumna-water systems detonate much more violent than urania-water systems.
Finite element computation of fission gas release from UO2 grains
Authors: Sauer G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Fission gas release from the fuel is an important aspect of mechanical fuel rod design. It is required by design rules that gas release be limited. To predict the release in advance for arbitrary power conditions, a reliable computational tool must be available. A procedure based on the finite element method for evaluating the gas release is presented. The differential equation governing the diffusion process is approximated by a system of one-dimensional elements leading to small equation systems with few unknowns. These systems can rapidly be solved allowing the computation of the diffusion and gas release for any power history in short time. The results obtained with the finite element approach are compared with analytical results for constant conditions. Additionally, the gas release under varying conditions is studied and the influence of the grain size on the gas release is discussed. Finally, some methods are described that enable the estimation of gas release based on the temperature histories of grain or fuel pellet centre.
Uncovering cryptic diversity does not end: a new species of leaf-eared mouse, genus Phyllotis (Rodentia, Cricetidae), from Central Sierras of Argentina
Authors: Teta Pablo , Jayat Jorge Pablo , Steppan Scott J. , Ojeda Agustina A. , Ortiz Pablo E. , Novillo Agustina , Lanzone Cecilia , Ojeda Ricardo A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Based on previously published molecular (mitochondrial) and herein provided morphological (qualitative and quantitative data) evidence, we describe a new species of leaf-eared mouse of the genus Phyllotis. The new species is morphometrically distinct when compared with other phylogenetically or geographically close species of Phyllotis, showing several quantitative differences in their external and craniodental characters (e.g., proportionally broader nasals and interorbital region, and proportionally smaller tympanic bullae). The new species is endemic to central Argentina, occurring on rocky grasslands at elevations of 650–2,800 m a.s.l. This is the only species of Phyllotis inhabiting the Central Sierras, a mountain system of medium elevation, isolated from the Andes by low elevation arid and semiarid environments.
Facile fabrication of stretchable photonic Ag nanostructures by soft-contact patterning of ionic Ag solution coatings
Authors: Kim Minwook , Oh Dong Kyo , Kim Jeong Dae , Jeong Minsu , Kim Hongyoon , Jung Chunghwan , Song Jungkeun , Lee Wonjun , Rho Junsuk , Ok Jong G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We describe a rapid and simple method to create Ag nanostructures by using direct mechanical patterning of ionic Ag ink coating under gentle pressure, then thermal annealing to reduce the ionic Ag ink to a metallic Ag layer. The ionic liquid-phase Ag coating is easily obtained by spin-coating ionic Ag ink that has appropriate Ag concentration and can be either printed or imprinted on the desired substrate by using a soft elastomer patterning mold, then reduced to the Ag nanostructure by subsequent thermal annealing. More specifically, we present two methods: transfer printing and soft nanoimprinting. In transfer printing, the ionic Ag ink is first inked onto the elastomer mold which then contacts the target substrate to transfer the Ag nanopattern. In soft nanoimprinting, the elastomer mold conducts soft imprinting to engineer the ionic Ag ink coating to the Ag nanostructure. We systematically investigate the optimal patterning conditions by controlling the initial Ag ink concentration and the coating, printing, imprinting, and annealing conditions, to derive Ag architecture that has tunable photonic functionality. As an example, we demonstrate polarization-sensitive reflective color filters that exploit shape-tunable Ag nanostructures fabricated by soft nanoimprinting using a controllably-stretched elastomer mold.
Picosecond pulse generation from continuous-wave light in an integrated nonlinear Bragg grating
Authors: Choi Ju Won , Sohn Byoung-Uk , Sahin Ezgi , Chen George F. R. , Ng Doris K. T. , Eggleton Benjamin J. , Martijn de Sterke Carel , Tan Dawn T. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The generation of optical pulse trains from continuous-wave light has attracted growing attention in recent years because it provides a simple way to obtain high repetition rate ultrashort pulses. While pulse generation has been extensively demonstrated in optical fibers, pulse train generation from weak, continuous wave light in photonic chips has posed significant challenges because of the short interaction length and therefore difficulty in acquiring sufficient new frequency content, and/or absence of the appropriate dispersion environment. In this manuscript, we report the pulse train generation of a low continuous-wave signal to 18 ps, by leveraging cross-phase modulation induced by co-propagating pump pulses with a peak power of 3.7 W in an ultra-silicon-rich nitride grating. The pulse train generation dynamics are documented both experimentally and theoretically to arise from cross-phase modulation-induced generation of new spectral content, and dispersive re-phasing. This is a new approach in which picosecond pulse generation may be achieved from low power, continuous-wave light.
The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylato-κ2
N,O)cobalt(II)–water–N,N-dimethylformamide(1/2/1), C27H31N3O9Co
Authors: Gao Xiang , Tai Xi-Shi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
C27H31N3O9Co, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.9230(6) Å, b = 11.1166(8) Å, c = 22.8312(15) Å, β = 93.404(6)°, V = 2767.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0349, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0893, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of 3,3′-(pyridine-2,6-diylbis(methylene))bis(1-propyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) ditetrafluoroborate, C19H27B2F8N5
Authors: Ywaya David O. , Friedrich Holger B. , Bala Muhammad D. , Soobramoney Lynette , Ibrahim Halliru 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
C19H27N5, orthorhombic Pbca (no. 61), a = 9.8515(12) Å, b = 16.508(2) Å, c = 29.817(3) Å, β = 90°, V = 4849.3(10) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0409, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1082.
One-pot multi-component synthesis of diverse bioactive heterocyclic scaffolds involving 6-aminouracil or its N-methyl derivatives as a versatile reagent
Authors: Singh Arvind , Kaur Bhupinder , Sharma Aditi , Priya Anu , Kaur Manmeet , Shamim Mussarat , Banerjee Bubun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present review summarizes all the multi-component reaction strategies reported during last two decades for the synthesis of diverse bioactive heterocyclic scaffolds involving 6-aminouracil or its N-methyl derivatives.
Cognitive sensor systems for NDE 4.0: Technology, AI embedding, validation and qualification
Authors: Valeske Bernd , Tschuncky Ralf , Leinenbach Frank , Osman Ahmad , Wei Ziang , Römer Florian , Koster Dirk , Becker Kevin , Schwender Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCognitive sensor systems (CSS) determine the future of inspection and monitoring systems for the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of material states and their properties and key enabler of NDE 4.0 activities. CSS generate a complete NDE 4.0 data and information ecosystem, i. e. they are part of the materials data space and they are integrated in the concepts of Industry 4.0 (I4.0). Thus, they are elements of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and of the required interfaces. Applied Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a key element for the development of cognitive NDE 4.0 sensor systems. On the one side, AI can be embedded in the sensor’s microelectronics (e. g. neuromorphic hardware architectures) and on the other side, applied AI is essential for software modules in order to produce end-user-information by fusing multi-mode sensor data and measurements. Besides of applied AI, trusted AI also plays an important role in CSS, as it is able to provide reliable and trustworthy data evaluation decisions for the end user. For this recently rapidly growing demand of performant and reliable CSS, specific requirements have to be fulfilled for validation and qualification of their correct function. The concept for quality assurance of NDE 4.0 sensor and inspection systems has to cover all of the functional sub-systems, i. e. data acquisition, data processing, data evaluation and data transfer, etc. Approaches to these objectives are presented in this paper after giving an overview on the most important elements of CSS for NDE 4.0 applications. Reliable and safe microelectronics is a further issue in the qualification process for CSS.
Development of a one-dimensional code for the initial design of a micro gas turbine mixed flow compressor stage
Authors: van Eck Hano , van der Spuy Sybrand J. , von Backström Theodor W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The use of micro gas turbines (MGTs) for once-off and unique applications means that a rapid turnaround design process is required. The development of a MATLAB® application-based program for the initial design and performance analysis of radial and mixed flow compressors is discussed. The program code is based on one dimensional (1D) mean line flow and loss model theory. For verification, 18 test compressors were developed, covering a wide range of design velocities, mass flow rates and meridional exit angles. Predicted performance results were verified using Numeca/FINE™ Turbo software. Initial comparisons between 1D and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results did not match well. The 1D software over-predicted compressor performance and provided poor choke prediction. Consequently, empirical models to correct these deviations were derived and implemented into the 1D Application code. The updated 1D code provided a mean choke prediction difference of 1.59% compared to an initial 14.98% difference at the design point. Mean total-to-total isentropic efficiency and pressure ratio reduced to differences of 0.74 and 1.24% from values of 11.23 and 9.31% respectively.
Filmic Gold: The Elemental Aesthetics of the Klondike Gold Rush in Bill Morrison’s Dawson City: Frozen Time (2016)
Authors: Hess Linda M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This contribution examines the elemental aesthetics of Bill Morrison’s documentary film Dawson City: Frozen Time (2016). The film traces connections between the birth of Dawson City as a boomtown of the Klondike Gold Rush in Yukon Territory in 1896 and the birth of cinema and the rise of the Hollywood movie industry, linking actual resource extraction (gold mining) to its discursive framing and mythologization (in Hollywood movies). Throughout the film, Morrison incorporates extracts of silent-film reels that were recovered from the permafrost below Dawson City in 1978 and that thus bear distinct marks of water damage that shape the aesthetic of Dawson City: Frozen Time. Through its comprehensive engagement of elemental materialities, Morrison’s film narrates the Klondike Gold Rush as a particular moment in the history of (North American) resource extraction. It invites analysis through the lenses of material and elemental ecocriticism, lenses that allow for understanding this moment within the vast network of profound transformations of the earth that have become known as the Anthropocene. The filmic composition itself prompts the audience to pay close attention to different elements—gold, earth, water, fire—that are crucially involved in both the Klondike Gold Rush and the film’s own history. Via this elemental focus, Morrison also creates a tension between the film’s elicitation of vicarious grief for the loss of the landscape and its evocation of irrevocable transformation as an ongoing process of human and elemental agency.
Viral Respiratory Infections in Hospitalized Children With Symptomatic Caregivers
Authors: Paquette Maude , Shephard Allyson , Bedard Pat , Thampi Nisha 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES
The burden of healthcare-associated viral respiratory infections (HAVRIs) among children is significant. While healthcare workers are often the focus for infection prevention strategies, little is known about the impact of sick caregivers and hospital visitors on the incidence of pediatric HAVRIs. The objective of this descriptive study was to determine the proportion of pediatric HAVRIs following contact with a sick caregiver or visitor.

METHODS
A retrospective chart review was performed of all HAVRIs that occurred between December 2017 and July 2019 in a pediatric tertiary care center. A HAVRI was defined as a laboratory-confirmed respiratory viral illness occurring more than 72 hours after admission.

RESULTS
Forty-four HAVRIs occurred in 37 patients during the study, predominantly among patients aged &lt;24 months (n = 32, 72.7%) and with comorbidities (n = 42, 95.5%). For 9 HAVRIs (20.5%), contact with a sick caregiver (n = 8, 18.2%) or visitor (n = 2, 4.5%) in the 7 days before diagnosis was documented. In the 72 hours before HAVRI onset, 18 of the 44 patients (40.9%) were in a single-bed room and 6 of them (33.3%) were under additional precautions. Twelve patients (27.3%) had new or increased oxygen requirements and 4 (9.1%) were transferred to the ICU. There were no associated deaths.

CONCLUSIONS
Contact with a sick caregiver or visitor is a potential risk factor for acquiring a HAVRI. Our study reinforces the importance of engaging family caregivers in infection prevention and control strategies in pediatric care settings.
Youth Well-being During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Blackwell Courtney K. , Mansolf Maxwell , Sherlock Phillip , Ganiban Jody , Hofheimer Julie A. , Barone Charles J. , Bekelman Traci A. , Blair Clancy , Cella David , Collazo Shaina , Croen Lisa A. , Deoni Sean , Elliott Amy J. , Ferrara Assiamira , Fry Rebecca C. , Gershon Richard , Herbstman Julie B. , Karagas Margaret R. , LeWinn Kaja Z. , Margolis Amy , Miller Rachel L. , O’Shea T. Michael , Porucznik Christina A. , Wright Rosalind J. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVESThe family stress model proposes economic hardship results in caregiver distress and relational problems, which negatively impact youth outcomes. We extend this model to evaluate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic-related family hardships on caregiver and youth stress, and, in turn, youth’s psychological well-being. We also investigate how social supports moderate this relationship.METHODSWe used 2 samples of cross-sectional survey data collected between May 2020 and May 2021: children aged 2 to 12 years (n = 977) and adolescents aged 11 to 17 years (n = 669). Variables included pandemic-related family hardships, stress, social support, and youth life satisfaction. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.RESULTSExperiencing more pandemic-related family hardships was associated with increased caregiver and youth stress (b = 0.04 to 0.21, SE = 0.01–0.02) and, in turn, decreased youth life satisfaction (b = –0.36 to –0.38, SE = 0.04–0.07). Social connectedness (b^ = 0.11–0.17, SE = 0.04) and family engagement (b^ = 0.12–0.18, SE = 0.05–0.06) had direct positive associations with life satisfaction; for children aged 2 to 12 years, greater family engagement was associated with decreased effect of child stress on life satisfaction (b^ = 0.15, SE = 0.05). For adolescents, females had higher levels of stress compared with males (b^ = 0.40, SE = 0.6), and having anxiety and/or depression was associated with decreased life satisfaction (b^ = –0.24, SE = 0.11).CONCLUSIONSCaregivers and youth who experienced more coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic hardships had higher levels of stress, particularly adolescent females. Although stress negatively impacted life satisfaction across all ages, family engagement was a protective factor for children aged 2 to 12 years, whereas having anxiety and/or depression was a risk factor for adolescents. For all youth, however, being more socially connected and engaged with family promoted life satisfaction.
LA CALIDAD DE VIDA LABORAL EN ÉPOCA DE PANDEMIA DEL PERSONAL DE PLANTA DE LA INSTITUCIÓN UNIVERSITARIA POLITÉCNICO GRANCOLOMBIANO DE LA SEDE MEDELLÍN 2020
Authors: Morales Sierra María Eugenia , Álvarez Barragán Luis Aníbal 
Published: March 2022

En la actual crisis sanitaria fruto del Covid 19, las naciones enfrentan importantes desafíos en materia de salud pública y perdida de capacidades en su tejido empresarial. Las organizaciones pronostican cambios importantes en su cultura corporativa y sus prácticas productivas, que incluyen la adaptabilidad a una nueva normalidad que sugiere variaciones importantes en la calidad de vida laboral del talento humano. Este estudio diagnostica las condiciones de calidad de vida laboral de los colaboradores de planta de la Institución universitaria Politécnico Grancolombiano Sede Medellín en el 2020, en aspectos relacionados con la salud y el bienestar, la comunicación y las relaciones interpersonales, la facilidad y eficiencia con la que realizan sus labores cotidianas y la apropiación tecnológica para el trabajo remoto. La metodología empleada para alcanzar los objetivos del estudio consistió en el diseño y aplicación de una encuesta elaborada por los investigadores en formato Google tipo Likert para la medición de percepciones, la cual consta de 27 preguntas agrupadas en cuatro dimensiones específicas; salud y bienestar, interacción social, facilidad y eficiencia y ambiente físico, que sugieren una respuesta fundamentada en el sentir de los encuestados al momento de su aplicación. Se aplicaron 78 encuestas en un número similar de empleados de planta. Los resultados obtenidos del estudio diagnosticaron que el 31% de los funcionarios del Politecnico Grancolombiano sede Medellín sienten que las condiciones de salud y bienestar son muy favorables, el 45% de los mismos considera favorable la interacción social entre los miembros del equipo y entre los equipos y su jefes, un 45% demuestra favorabilidad en las condiciones para realizar el trabajo con eficiencia y facilidad y un 64% siente que cuenta con los espacios y los equipos necesarios para realizar su trabajo en óptimas condiciones desde sus casas. En conclusión, las condiciones de calidad de vida laboral de los empleados de la Institución universitaria Politécnico Grancolombiano en la Sede Medellín son muy favorables, no obstante, es importante resaltar que un 66% de los funcionarios evaluados expresan un incremento importante en la carga laboral y un 58% sienten altos niveles de estrés, sin embargo, el 82% del personal de planta considera que la universidad actúa de manera responsable y adecuada en pro de atender las necesidades de bienestar social y la calidad de vida de sus colaboradores.
РАЗВИТИЕ ГОТОВНОСТИ МОЛОДЕЖИ К СЕМЕЙНОЙ ЖИЗНИ И МЕРЫ ПОДДЕРЖКИ СТУДЕНЧЕСКИХ СЕМЕЙ
Authors: Судьин Сергей Александрович , Сайфуллин Григорий Петрович 
Published: March 2022

Целью исследования является анализ готовности студенческой молодежи к семейной жизни и разработка конкретных предложений по ее развитию, а также разработка направлений совершенствования мер государственной и корпоративной поддержки студенческих семей.
Методологическую базу исследования составили концептуальные подходы в сфере демографического (брачно-семейного и репродуктивного) поведения молодежи, а также подходы к анализу эффективности и совершенствованию семейной и демографической политики.
Результаты исследования. Современные тенденции в отложенном создании семьи молодежью часто связаны с продолжительным получением образования и профессионального становления. В статье проведен анализ существующих мер поддержки студенческих семей, разработаны и обоснованы предложения по совершенствованию мер государственной и корпоративной социально-экономической поддержки студенческих семей. На основе реализации авторской межрегиональной программы «Любовь. Семья. Счастье» (2012–2022) и более 45 социальных проектов в сфере укрепления традиционных семейных ценностей в молодежной среде предложены подходы к развитию социально-психологической готовности студенческой молодежи к семейной жизни на базе специальных образовательных программ и практик развития студенческих просемейных сообществ.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в развитии исследований и разработке комплексных мер государственной поддержки молодых студенческих семей в России, внедрении эффективных практик подготовки студенческой молодежи к семейной жизни.
Treatment of patients with radiation-induced xerostomia using saliva substitutes as an integral part of complex substitution therapy
Authors: Afanasjev Vasily V. , Titova Olga N. , Vinokurov Nikita S. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Dry mouth (xerostomia) can be a symptom of various diseases of human organs and systems and caused by prolonged intake of medications as well as chemoradiation treatment of malignant tumors of the maxillofacial area. Xerostomia treatment remains a challenging task.
AIM: This study aimed to improve the treatment methods of patients with xerostomia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients with xerostomia were treated and distributed into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 23 patients treated with Hiposalix spray (France). Group 2 included 27 patients treated using the Xerostom (Spain) saliva substitute. All patients underwent sialometry, sialography, and study of the secretion viscosity before and after treatment.
RESULTS: At 1 month after treatment, 22 (96%) patients of group 1 noted an improvement. At the same time, an objective increase in the secretion level was detected in 2 (9%) patients. All patients of group 2 noted significant improvement in the condition of the oral cavity. However, sialometry showed that the level of saliva secretion remained the same.
CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the use of saliva substitutes produced by Hiposalix and Xerostom significantly reduced or prevented the subjective sensation of dry mouth without an objective increase in saliva secretion.