bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Key Management Protocol for Heterogeneous Sensor Networks Based on Zero Trust Security and Chaotic Neural Networks
Authors: Li Guogang , Xie Tong , Zou Cheng , Fu Wenlong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the node security risks and key management vulnerabilities in heterogeneous sensor networks, a key management protocol for heterogeneous sensor networks based on zero-trust security and chaotic neural networks (KMPHSN-ZTSCNN) was proposed. Based on the singular matrix decomposition of difficulty and Hopfield overload chaos neural network classification features, using blockchain and zero-knowledge proof to realize sensor network node registration and authentication, it relies on channel state information (CSI) and adjustable mathematical function to generate dynamically changing keys to complete continuous verification and achieve zero-trust security authentication to ensure data security. The protocol can dynamically allocate different keyspace sizes according to the security level of the group, node storage capacity and computing capacity, and can adapt to the asymmetric structure of heterogeneous sensor networks. Theoretical proof and experimental performance analysis show that the protocol is feasible and can meet the security requirements of heterogeneous sensor networks.
The value of Xpert MTB/RIF assay of urine samples in the early diagnosis of smear-negative urinary tuberculosis
Authors: Wang Yachun , Tan Jiao , Lei Lei , Yuan Yingying , Li Wenbo , Zhao Yue , Wang Yali , Niu Xiaodong , Li Zheng , Wei Lukuan , Han Yungang , Cheng Meijing , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: According to reports, between 30 and 40 percent of extrapulmonary TB cases are caused by urinary tract tuberculosis (UTB). It is critical to identify UTB quickly since it frequently precedes delayed medical attention, which can have detrimental effects. This study examined the use of Xpert MTB/RIF, a rifampicin-inhibited continuous fluorescence quantitative nucleic corrosive enhancement discovery innovation, in urine tuberculosis (UTB), particularly for the early identification of UTB.
Methods: 180 patients with clinically suspected UTB whose urine samples were chosen for urine sediment smear, culture, Xpert MTB/RIF, and TB-DNA testing at Henan Chest Hospital between January 2019 and July 2022. We studied and compared the positive rates for various tests using the t-test.
Results: In this subject, a total of 108 patients were diagnosed with urinary tract tuberculosis, and the positive detection rate was 67.1%. Among patients with urinary tract tuberculosis, the highest positive rate of a single test was Xpert MTB/RIF, reaching 29.69% (19/64, P<0.001), and the positive rates of the other three test items were: TB-DNA positive rate was 18.75% (6/32, P<0.1), the positive rate of culture was 12.12% (4/33, P>0.05), and the positive rate of smear was 7.56% (9/119, P<0.01). For the smear-negative group, Xpert MTB/RIF had the highest detection rate of 31.6% (6/19, P<0.1).
Conclusion: Xpert MTB/RIF assay has high application value in the diagnosis of urinary tract tuberculosis. It can be widely used in clinical early diagnosis of urinary tract tuberculosis.
Influence of Implant Dimensions on Stress Distribution Within Alveolar Bone of Supported Mandible Using 3D Finite Element Analysis
Authors: El-Morsy Abdel-Wahab , Mourshedy Nada A. Al 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of implant dimensions on the stress distribution of implant supported mandible utilizing 3D finite element analysis.
Materials and Methods: Six finite element models for completely edentulous patient were created which were corresponded to three different implant diameters (2.9, 3.4 and 3.9 mm) and two implant lengths (11 and 15 mm) grouped into six groups. The models were composed of a core of cancellous bone layer surrounded by a 2mm cortical bone layer, mucosal layer, dental implant vertically placed in the canine area and implant supported overdenture. The models were loaded by 35 N vertical load and 10 N horizontal load; all loads were applied to the first molar of the prosthesis.
Results: von Mises stresses were numerically situated at the implant neck. The use of larger diameter or longer implant decrease the maximum stresses within the alveolar bone.
Conclusion: Implant parameters affect load transmitting mechanism to the alveolar bone. The results suggested that the use of wider and longer implant as could as accommodated by the ridge might ensure a better biomechanical environment for both implant and alveolar ridge.
Decoding coaching. How does a metacognitive strategy-based training program affect coaches’ self-regulation skills?
Authors: Sabaliauskas Stanislav , Gražulis Donatas , Žilinskienė Nelė , Kaukėnas Tomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Self-regulation can be understood not only as a feature, but also as a process that learners use to control and organize their thoughts and turn them into skills used in learning. Self-regulated learning relies on the activation and use of metacognitive skills. Meanwhile, metacognitive strategies applied by educators help learners to become aware of their thinking processes during learning. Self-regulation skills are significant when operating in difficult or extreme conditions that require exceptional human abilities and efforts.
Conscious observation and reflection on own activities enables an individual to improve personal metacognitive skills. Observing and reflecting on own behaviour can significantly contribute to changing behaviour, that is, to improving self-regulation processes. The aim of this research is to assess the impact of a metacognitive strategy-based training program on coaches’ self-regulation skills.
Results. The facilitation program for improving self-regulation skills had a positive impact on coaches’ self-regulation skills. At the end of the program, the total self-regulation index of the coaches increased. The training programme based on metacognitive questioning allowed for enhancing self-regulation skills of experienced coaches. Self-reflection and implementation of metacognitive strategies influenced coaches’ cognition, thinking competences and behaviour.
Identification of decreased intrinsic capacity: Diagnostic performance indicators of the ICOPE Screening tool in community-dwelling older people in the VIMCI study
Authors: Luque Xavier Rojano , Alias Sergi Blancafort , Casanovas Susanna Prat , Forné Susanna , Vergara Nuria Martín , Povill Pilar Fabregat , Royo Maria Vila , Serrano Rosa , Sanchez-Rodriguez Dolores , Saldaña Montserrat Vílchez , Martínez Iris , Domínguez Mariola , Riba Francesc , Intxaurrondo Aimar , Salvà Antoni 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: The WHO has developed the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) strategy to face the challenges of ageing societies. This strategy is focused on person centered care and the assessment intrinsic capacity (IC). Early identification of five domains of IC (cognition, locomotion, vitality, sensory (hearing and vision), and psychological) has been shown to be related with adverse outcomes and can guide actions towards primary prevention and healthy aging. IC assessment proposed by the WHO ICOPE guidelines is composed by two steps: First, Screening for IC declines in IC by the ICOPE Screening tool; second, by the reference standard methods. The aim was to assess the diagnostic performance indicators (sensibility, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and agreement of the ICOPE Screening tool) compared to the reference standard methods in European community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the baseline of the ongoing VIMCI cohort study, which was carried out in Primary Care centers and outpatient clinics from 5 rural and urban territories in Catalonia (Spain). Participants were 207community dwelling persons ≥ 70-year-old with Barthel ≥ 90, without dementia or advanced chronic conditions who provided their consent to participate. The 5 IC domains were assessed by the ICOPE Screening tool and the reference methods (SPPB, gait speed, MNA, Snellen chart, audiometry, MMSE, GDS5) during patients’ visit. Agreement was assessed with Gwet AC1 index.
Results: ICOPE Screening tool sensitivity was higher for cognition (0.889) and ranged between 0.438 and 0.569 for most domains. Specificity ranged from 0.682 to 0.96, diagnostic accuracy from 0.627 to 0.879, Youden index from 0.12 to 0.619, and Gwet AC1 from 0.275 to 0.842
Conclusion: The ICOPE screening tool showed fair diagnostic performance indicators; it was helpful to identify those participants with satisfactory IC and showed a modest ability to identify IC decline in older people with high degree of autonomy. This limitation may be overcome by repeating periodically the screening in those with satisfactory screening for IC. The screening for IC could be considered for implementation into clinical practice.
“Log sem” statistics for two chimpanzee species in relation to the Congo river: spatial and temporal dynamics.
Authors: Thackeray Francis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Morphometric statistics (“log sem”) based on standard errors of the m-coefficient (sem) associated with general equations of the form y = mx + c have been calculated from least squares regression analyses of cranial measurements of two chimpanzee species: Pan troglodytes (currently distributed north of the Congo river) and P.paniscus (the bonobo) distributed south of that river in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). A phenetic tree has been obtained from UPGMA analysis of the log sem matrix for the two species of Pan. This study focusses primarily on P. paniscus. The phenetic tree is related to locality data for individuals collected in various regions of the DRC. A few specimens attributed to P. troglodytes are “misfits” in the sense that they occur within the P. paniscus group. An explanation is provided by invoking a scenario in which there was not always a geographical barrier in the form of the Congo river, and hybridisation could occur. Genetic evidence points to at least two periods within the Pleistocene during which hybridisation took place. It is proposed that log sem values based on anatomy are indirectly sensitive to variability in gene pools. Alpha taxonomy (assuming clear boundaries between taxa) is not necessarily always possible, hence the need for a probabilistic species definition (“sigma taxonomy”), without assuming boundaries (Thackeray, 2018). These concepts are relevant to challenges associated with the taxonomy of early Pleistocene hominins, especially if there is no clear boundary between species representing Australopithecus and early Homo.
Precise sediment flux assessment of a small ungauged low-mountain catchment in the North Caucasus
Authors: Tsyplenkov Anatoly , Kharchenko Sergey , Uspensky Maxim , Scheper Simon , Golosov Valentin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Soil erosion and sediment export from hillslopes are significant problems associated with agriculture, especially in parts of the world where society is already living in extreme environments. In particular, mountainous environments remain severely understudied, with only a few runoff and sediment transport measurements available. It is necessary, therefore, to develop and validate independent methods that do not rely on long-term observations at gauging stations. Here we used three independent methods to predict soil erosion and associated sediment yield (SY) from a 1.84 km² basin in the North Caucasus. The first part concerns assessing the sedimentation rate, which was made using in-situ measurements of volumetric sediment deposition rates. Secondly, we look at the connectivity of sediment sources and the lake. A combination of remote sensing data and field surveys was used to estimate sediment connectivity and erosion mapping. The third part regards the computation of soil erosion using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). There are three major findings in this study that help us understand sediment redistribution patterns in mountainous areas. First, based on the lake sedimentation rate, we found that the mean annual area-specific sediment yield is 514 (95% CI, 249–839) t km− 2 yr− 1. Similar results were obtained from the erosion mapping (i.e., a map of erosion processes) — 428 (95% CI, 322–546) t km− 2 yr− 1. Secondly, the spatial distribution and rates of the erosion processes suggest that sheet and rill erosion are responsible for ca. 40% of total sediment export, slides and rockfalls — 18%, while the rest is removed by soil creep. Additionally, the RUSLE-based modelling of sheet wash and rill erosion has highlighted the areas most prone to soil erosion. The corresponding mean annual soil erosion rate of 1.59 mm yr− 1 was very close to the results obtained from the literature review.
Sudden cardiac death in a patient with complicated peripartum cardiomyopathy, long QT syndrome and mutation in <I>FLNC</I> gene
Authors: Reznik E. V. , Yasnovskaya A. A. , Yadrov E. M. , Borisovskaya S. V. 
Published: October 2022

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a diagnosis of exclusion in women presenting with heart failure due to left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. PPCM should be considered in case of unknown etiology of heart failure during pregnancy or after childbirth. Long QT syndrome is a primary electrical heart disease associated with a prolonged QT interval on the ECG, recurrent paroxysms of ventricular tachycardia, and a high risk of sudden death. Our aim was to demonstrate a case of cardiomyopathy in combination with long QT syndrome in a patient with a mutation in the FLNC gene. A 38-years-old woman was hospitalized 4,5 months after childbirth after sudden cardiac arrest and successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Long QT interval was revealed on the electrocardiogram. Echocardiography registered an akinesis of the apical and middle segments of the anterior wall of the left ventricle and interventricular septum, apex, left ventricular ejection fraction – 32%. Coronary angiography revealed no stenotic lesion of the coronary arteries. N-terminal precursor of brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) was 33300 mg/l. Mass parallel sequencing of 17 genes revealed the nucleotide variant c.1609T>G (chr7:128480661T>G, NM_001488.4; rs760471547) in a heterozygous state in exon 10 of the FLNC gene (OMIM 102565), leading to the amino acid variant p.Y537D.The combination of peripartum cardiomyopathy and long QT syndrome may increase the likelihood of sudden cardiac death, especially in individuals with a genetic mutation of cardiomyopathy. Timely diagnosis of the described conditions is necessary to prevent complications and increase the life expectancy of patients.
Possibilities of drug correction of the state of the main arteries and microcirculation in patients with chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Statsenko M. E. , Turkina S. V. , Lopushkova Yu. E. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are increasingly found in the clinical practice. The comorbidity of CHF and COPD promotes high mortality in such patients. Therapy that is prescribed to patients with CHF and COPD may not always have a positive effect on the condition of blood vessels. In this regard, researchers began to pay attention to drugs that have a beneficial effect on blood vessels, without worsening the course of CHF and COPD, one of which is meldonium.The purpose of the study. To study the effect of meldonium as part of complex therapy on arterial stiffness and microcirculation in patients with CHF and COPD.Materials and methods. The open randomized study included 60 patients with CHF IIA stage, II–III functional class (clinical recommendations of RKO, OSSN 2020) and COPD of the I–III degree of airflow restriction (classification GОLD 2021) without exacerbation. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group – the main group (n = 30) with CHF and COPD, which was prescribed meldonium as part of complex therapy at a dosage of 1000 mg/day, the 2nd group – the control group (n = 30) was on therapy only with basic drugs of CHF and COPD. The observation period is 12 weeks.Results. As a result of 12 weeks of therapy with the inclusion of meldonium in the complex therapy of patients with CHF and COPD, a decrease in the stiffness of the main arteries, an improvement in the regulation and parameters of microcirculation, an increase in the frequency of occurrence of the normocirculatory type of microcirculation were noted.Conclusions. A significant useful effect of complex therapy with the inclusion of meldonium on the condition of arterial stiffness and microcirculation in patients with CHF and COPD has been established, which makes it possible to recommend the use of meldonium in this category of patients.
Postcovid syndrome, cardiovascular disorders
Authors: Redkina I. N. , Suplotova L. A. , Bessonova M. I. 
Published: October 2022

Coronavirus infection has become one of the biggest shocks of our time. Coronaviruses are viruses with a positive RNA chain, most often affecting the respiratory tract. The virus penetrates into human type II alveolar cells using receptors for angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (APF2). SARS-CoV uses specific host cell factors throughout its infection cycle. The virus replicates inside cells, distracting the body’s own cellular mechanisms, and binds the virion to the APF2 receptor. The number of COVID-19 patients is more than 100 million people. Many recovered people note the persistence of symptoms for several months after an acute illness. Most often, patients complain of shortness of breath, fatigue, general weakness, pain behind the sternum, palpitations. Many studies have clearly demonstrated the effect of COVID-19 on metabolic disorders, the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. The studies have shown that inflammation is formed in the myocardium. Its pathogenesis is not fully elucidated. According to two main theories, APF2 plays an important role in myocardial damage, as well as a hyperimmune response, which can independently lead to myocarditis. The frequency and prognostic effect of COVID-19 myocarditis are unknown. This article analyzes the current literature data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of postcovid syndrome, in particular subacute COVID-19 in the focus of cardiovascular disorders. The search for relevant literature was carried out on the basis of Web of Science, PubMed, by keywords: long COVID-19, cardiovascular diseases, postacute COVID-19 syndrome, SARS-CoV-2. The analysis included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical studies, literature reviews published over the past 2 years.
Bedaquiline in the complex treatment of HIV-associated respiratory tuberculosis
Authors: Mordyk A. V. , Ivanova O. G. , Sitnikova S. V. , Gusina V. I. , Ptukhin A. O. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The continued decline in the number of patients shedding multidrug-resistant mycobacteria (MDR MDR), which has continued since 2018, determines the priority of measures to improve the effectiveness of treatment of newly diagnosed patients, including HIV-associated tuberculosis, with the mandatory inclusion of new anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment regimens of patients. drugs.Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bedaquiline in the complex treatment of patients with HIV-associated respiratory tuberculosis.Materials and methods. In the prospective study was included 60 patients with newly diagnosed HIV-associated respiratory tuberculosis, randomized into 2 groups: group 1 – 30 patients who received bedaquiline in the combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs; group 2 – 30 patients who received therapy without the addition of bedaquiline. Bacterial excretion was detected in all patients of the 1st and 2nd groups, the MBT drug sensitivity test confirmed the presence of pre-XDR MBT. Patients in both study groups received antiretroviral therapy. The follow-up period for patients was 12 months.Results. In the group of patients treated with bedaquiline, higher treatment results were noted both in terms of the criterion “closing of decay cavities” (by 14.7%) (p > 0.05) and by the criterion “cessation of bacterial excretion” (by 23.3%) ((p <0.05).Conclusions. The high clinical efficacy and safety of the use of bedaquiline in the complex treatment of patients with HIV-associated respiratory tuberculosis has been demonstrated. The data obtained make it possible to recommend the use of bedaquiline in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed HIV-associated tuberculosis, isolating MBT with pre-XDR, to increase the effectiveness of the main course of chemotherapy, prevent the amplification of MBT drug resistance and develop extensive MBT drug resistance.
THE EFFECTS OF ABDOMINAL BRACING MANEUVER ON QUADRICEPS MUSCLE TORQUE, TIME TO PEAK TORQUE AND MUSCLE ACTIVATION LEVELS AT DIFFERENT KNEE FLEXION ANGLES
Authors: SÖĞÜT Bensu , ŞAHİN Deniz Can , ARSLAN Damla , YILLI Sercan , TARKAN Sümeyya , HARPUT Gülcan 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of abdominal bracing maneuver (ABM) on quadriceps peak torque (PT), time to peak torque (TTPT) and muscle activation levels during maximal strength testing of the quadriceps muscle in healthy individuals.
Methods: Sixteen healthy individuals (Age: 24.63±1.67 years) participated in the present study. Each participant was taught ABM technique by a physical therapist’s guidance. Surface electromyography was used to measure internal oblique/transversus abdominis, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris activation levels. Isokinetic dynamometry was used to measure quadriceps PT and TTPT during maximum isometric muscle testing at 60° and 90° of knee flexion angles with and without ABM. Repeated measures of ANOVA was performed for statistical analysis.
Results: There was a significant angle by condition interaction for quadriceps PT (F(1,15)=5.30, p=0.04). PT decreased when ABM was performed, but the decrease was greater at 600 compared to 900 of knee flexion (60°: p=0.001, ES=0.68; 90°: p=0.008, ES=0.33). Quadriceps activation levels also decreased during ABM (p=0.04) regardless of knee flexion angle.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that ABM may decrease muscle activation levels and peak torque during maximal quadriceps strength testing. Researchers should evaluate compensatory movements of the lumbopelvic region in order to prevent the error of force transfer in test results.
Implanted Layer Characterization
Authors: Muttaqin Adharul , Idris Irman 
Published: October 2022

<p>In modern semiconductor process technology, ion implantation has become the most important technique to introduce dopant atoms into semiconductor materials. The main advantage of ion implantation technique is its high controllability of process parameters, which influencing dopant distribution profile. This research was intended to characterize the product of ion implantation machine NV-3204.</p><p>Ion implantation characterization successfully produced and evaluated pn-junction diode characteristics. PN-junction diode was fabricated using 100 keV energy and 5x1013 cm-3 dose of phosphorus on a silicon wafer type N&lt;111&gt;. For all measured area, pnjunction diode has junction depth Xj = 1 um, breakdown voltage -45V, built-in voltage 0.8V, and dopant concentration 5x1018 cm-3. Comparing the simulation, this result exhibited that output of ion implantation machine was well controlled.</p>