bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics Analysis of Performance as Well as Emission of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Additive Based Pumpkin and Juliflora Mixed Biodiesel Blend in CI Engine
Authors: Kannan Viswanathan Vinoth , Thomai Pushparaj 
Published: March 2022

Up-to-the-minute researches of different countries have used conformist seed oils such as jatropha oil, coconut oil for the synthesis of biodiesel. In the present investigation, (pumpkin) Cucurbita pepo. L along Prosopis juliflora seed oil was used for the synthesis of mixed biodiesel with 5 ml Elaeocarpus Ganitrus (Rudraksha) as additive. Performance tests were conducted using biodiesel blend in water cooled CI engine and the emissions were analyzed using a five-gas analyzer. Pumpkin and Juliflora biodiesels were blended in equal ratio to form mixed biodiesel denoted by PJB. It was observed that there was 51% amplify in Brake Thermal efficiency and 33% diminution in Brake Specific Fuel consumption at the maximum load when compared to diesel for PJB20 blend with 5 ml additive. It was also noted that emission of CO bargain by 75%. CO2 bargain by 16.95%, HC compact by 49.2% and NO compact by 34.2% for PJB20 blend with 5 ml Rudraksha additive than that of diesel. The smoke opacity with respect to diesel was also noted to be concentrated by 6% for PJB20 with additive used as fuel in CI engine without any engine modification.
Updating Normal Organ Weights Using a Large Current Sample Database
Authors: Bell Michael D. , Long Thomas , Roden Anja C. , Cooper Felicia I. , Sanchez Harold , Trower Carrie , Martinez Christine , Hooper Jody E. ,   on behalf of the Autopsy Committee of the College of American Pathologists
Published: March 2022

Context.—
Organ weights are an essential part of autopsy analysis. Deviations from normal organ weights provide important clues to disease processes. The assessment of normal organ weights depends on reliable reference tables, but most widely available reference tables are based on data that are either decades old or derived from relatively small sample sizes.

Objective.—
To provide an updated reference table of organ weights based on contemporary sources and a large sample size.

Design.—
Organ weights from 4197 carefully screened autopsies performed on adults at the Palm Beach County Medical Examiner's Office in West Palm Beach, Florida, and the Mayo Clinic Hospital in Rochester, Minnesota.

Results.—
Height and body weight data in this study reflect the well-recognized increases in both variables, but most particularly in body weight, seen during the last decades. The study data show a strong positive association between organ weight and body weight for the heart, liver, and spleen. There is a similar but weaker association between body weight and the weight of the lungs and kidneys. Brain weight is independent of body weight but shows a strong negative association with age. Even when controlling for body weight, men's organs are heavier, except for the weight of the liver, which is comparable in men and women. These associations are in agreement with the findings of previous studies. The current study suggests that, for some of the commonly weighed organs, there has been an increase in median organ weight when compared with existing references.

Conclusions.—
The tables presented here provide an updated reference that should prove useful to autopsy pathologists in the forensic and hospital settings.
Re-Identification of Giant Sunfish using Keypoint Matching
Authors: Pedersen Malte , Haurum Joakim Bruslund , Moeslund Thomas B. , Nyegaard Marianne 
Published: March 2022

We present the first work where re-identification ofthe Giant Sunfish (Mola alexandrini) is automated using computer vision and deep learning. We propose a pipeline that scores an mAP of 60.34% on a full rank of the novel TinyMola dataset which includes 31 IDs and 91 images. The method requires no domain-adaptation or training which makes it especially suited for low-budget or volunteer-based projects, like Match My Mola, as part of a human-in-the-loop model.
The pipeline includes segmentation, keypoint detection and description, keypoint matching, and ranking. The choice of feature descriptor has the largest impact on the performance and we show that the deep learning based SuperPoint descriptor greatly outperforms handcrafted descriptors like SIFT and RootSIFT independent of the segmentation level and matching method. Combining SuperPoint and the graph neural network based SuperGlue matching method produces the best results.
Broadband Enhancement of Mid‐Wave Infrared Absorption in a Multi‐Resonant Nanocrystal‐Based Device
Authors: Dang Tung Huu , Abadie Claire , Khalili Adrien , Gréboval Charlie , Zhang Huichen , Prado Yoann , Xu Xiang Zhen , Gacemi Djamal , Descamps‐Mandine Armel , Ithurria Sandrine , Todorov Yanko , Sirtori Carlo , Vasanelli Angela , Lhuillier Emmanuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLight management is one of the main challenges to address when designing a sensor from a nanocrystal (NC) array. Indeed, the carrier diffusion length, limited by hopping mechanism, is much shorter than the absorption depth. Several types of resonators (plasmon, Bragg mirror, guided mode, Fabry–Perot cavity) have been proposed to reduce the volume where light is absorbed. All of them are inherently narrow bands, while imaging applications focus on broadband sensing. Here, an infrared sensor in the short and mid‐wave infrared (SWIR and MWIR) that combines three different photonic modes is proposed to achieve broadband enhancement of the light absorption. Moreover, it is shown that these three modes can be obtained from a simple structure where the NC film is coupled only to a grating and a top metallic layer. The obtained device achieves a high responsivity of >700 mA W–1, a detectivity up to 2 × 1010 Jones at 80 K, and a short response time of 11 µs.
Bistability of Dielectrically Anisotropic Nematic Crystals and the Adaptation of Endothelial Collectives to Stress Fields
Authors: Stefopoulos Georgios , Lendenmann Tobias , Schutzius Thomas M. , Giampietro Costanza , Roy Tamal , Chala Nafsika , Giavazzi Fabio , Cerbino Roberto , Poulikakos Dimos , Ferrari Aldo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEndothelial monolayers physiologically adapt to flow and flow‐induced wall shear stress, attaining ordered configurations in which elongation, orientation, and polarization are coherently organized over many cells. Here, with the flow direction unchanged, a peculiar bi‐stable (along the flow direction or perpendicular to it) cell alignment is observed, emerging as a function of the flow intensity alone, while cell polarization is purely instructed by flow directionality. Driven by the experimental findings, the parallelism between endothelia is delineated under a flow field and the transition of dual‐frequency nematic liquid crystals under an external oscillatory electric field. The resulting physical model reproduces the two stable configurations and the energy landscape of the corresponding system transitions. In addition, it reveals the existence of a disordered, metastable state emerging upon system perturbation. This intermediate state, experimentally demonstrated in endothelial monolayers, is shown to expose the cellular system to a weakening of cell‐to‐cell junctions to the detriment of the monolayer integrity. The flow‐adaptation of monolayers composed of healthy and senescent endothelia is successfully predicted by the model with adjustable nematic parameters. These results may help to understand the maladaptive response of in vivo endothelial tissues to disturbed hemodynamics and the progressive functional decay of senescent endothelia.
Pump Up the Jam: Granular Media as a Quasi‐Hydraulic Fluid for Independent Control Over Isometric and Isotonic Actuation
Authors: Bakarich Shannon E. , Miller Rachel , Mrozek Randy A. , O'Neill Maura R. , Slipher Geoffrey A. , Shepherd Robert F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElastomer‐granule composites have been used to switch between soft and stiff states by applying negative pressure differentials that cause the membrane to squeeze the internal grains, inducing dilation and jamming. Applications of this phenomenon have ranged from universal gripping to adaptive mobility. Previously, the combination of this jamming phenomenon with the ability to transport grains across multiple soft actuators for shape morphing has not yet been demonstrated. In this paper, the authors demonstrate the use of hollow glass spheres as granular media that functions as a jammable “quasi‐hydraulic” fluid in a fluidic elastomeric actuator that better mimics a key featur of animal musculature: independent control over i) isotonic actuation for motion; and ii) isometric actuation for stiffening without shape change. To best implement the quasi‐hydraulic fluid, the authors design and build a fluidic device. Leveraging this combination of physical properties creates a new option for fluidic actuation that allows higher specific stiffness actuators using lower volumetric flow rates in addition to independent control over shape and stiffness. These features are showcased in a robotic catcher's mitt by stiffening the fluid in the glove's open configuration for catching, unjamming the media, then pumping additional fluid to the mitt to inflate and grasp.
RNF115 Inhibits the Post‐ER Trafficking of TLRs and TLRs‐Mediated Immune Responses by Catalyzing K11‐Linked Ubiquitination of RAB1A and RAB13
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Dong , Li Hong‐Xu , Gan Hu , Tang Zhen , Guo Yu‐Yao , Yao Shu‐Qi , Liuyu Tianzi , Zhong Bo , Lin Dandan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe subcellular localization and intracellular trafficking of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) critically regulate TLRs‐mediated antimicrobial immunity and autoimmunity. Here, it is demonstrated that the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF115 inhibits the post‐endoplasmic reticulum (ER) trafficking of TLRs and TLRs‐mediated immune responses by catalyzing ubiquitination of the small GTPases RAB1A and RAB13. It is shown that the 14‐3‐3 chaperones bind to AKT1‐phosphorylated RNF115 and facilitate RNF115 localizing on the ER and the Golgi apparatus. RNF115 interacts with RAB1A and RAB13 and catalyzes K11‐linked ubiquitination on the Lys49 and Lys61 residues of RAB1A and on the Lys46 and Lys58 residues of RAB13, respectively. Such a modification impairs the recruitment of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 1 (GDI1) to RAB1A and RAB13, a prerequisite for the reactivation of RAB proteins. Consistently, knockdown of RAB1A and RAB13 in Rnf115+/+ and Rnf115−/− cells markedly inhibits the post‐ER and the post‐Golgi trafficking of TLRs, respectively. In addition, reconstitution of RAB1AK49/61R or RAB13K46/58R into Rnf115+/+ cells but not Rnf115−/− cells promotes the trafficking of TLRs from the ER to the Golgi apparatus and from the Golgi apparatus to the cell surface, respectively. These findings uncover a common and step‐wise regulatory mechanism for the post‐ER trafficking of TLRs.
17α‐Ethynylestradiol‐induced changes in Brassica rapa during the seedling growth stage
Authors: Wijewardana Chathurika , Gonzales Annelise K. , Vogel Charlotte M. , Martinez Nicole E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEstrogens and estrogen‐like compounds are considered contaminants of emerging concern due to their endocrine disrupting capability and potential to build up in soil and aquatic environments, although little is known about the effects of estrogenic compounds on plant life. This research aims to understand the effect of the synthetic hormone 17‐α ethynylestradiol (EE2) on Brassica rapa L. (field mustard) root and shoot vigor at the seedling stage. Endpoints considered included: plant height; root, shoot, and total dry biomass; number of leaves and inflorescences; leaf carbon and nitrogen; root growth traits (length, surface area, diameter, and volume); and root developmental parameters (tips, forks, and crossings). Tukey's method for multiple comparisons was used to determine the significance of pairwise differences between treatment means for each endpoint. 17‐α Ethynylestradiol acted generally as a biostimulant at the concentrations considered (0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 15 μg L−1), with the most pronounced differences occurring in seedlings treated with 1 μg L−1 EE2. Although number of leaves and biomass appeared to be inhibited at EE2 concentrations of ≥5 μg L−1 and ≥10 μg L−1, respectively, all other traits in estrogen‐treated plants were similar or improved compared with the control plants. Study results suggest that at certain concentrations, EE2 contributes to more structured root systems, triggering vigorous plant development that may potentially enhance a successful seedling establishment.
Evolution of data science and its education in iSchools: An impressionistic study using curriculum analysis
Authors: Urs Shalini R. , Minhaj Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractData Science (DS) has emerged from the shadows of its parents—statistics and computer science—into an independent field since its origin nearly six decades ago. Its evolution and education have taken many sharp turns. We present an impressionistic study of the evolution of DS anchored to Kuhn's four stages of paradigm shifts. First, we construct the landscape of DS based on curriculum analysis of the 32 iSchools across the world offering graduate‐level DS programs. Second, we paint the “field” as it emerges from the word frequency patterns, ranking, and clustering of course titles based on text mining. Third, we map the curriculum to the landscape of DS and project the same onto the Edison Data Science Framework (2017) and ACM Data Science Knowledge Areas (2021). Our study shows that the DS programs of iSchools align well with the field and correspond to the Knowledge Areas and skillsets. iSchool's DS curriculums exhibit a bias toward “data visualization” along with machine learning, data mining, natural language processing, and artificial intelligence; go light on statistics; slanted toward ontologies and health informatics; and surprisingly minimal thrust toward eScience/research data management, which we believe would add a distinctive iSchool flavor to the DS.
Fast Charge and High Stability of Solid‐State Graphite Organic Ionic Plastic Crystal Composite Anodes
Authors: Ueda Hiroyuki , Mizuno Fuminori , Kerr Robert , Forsyth Maria , Howlett Patrick C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) using organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are promising candidates to overcome the inherent safety issues of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Although OIPCs have excellent process applicability in the roll‐to‐roll electrode fabrication process, their application as solid electrolytes incorporated in composite electrodes has yet to be demonstrated in detail. Herein, we denote the positive effect of the N‐ethyl‐N‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ([C2mpyr][FSI]) incorporated within a composite graphite anode on the charge rate capability and cycle life. The highest charge capacity ratio (the charge capacity at 2C vs. that measured at 0.1C) was measured for the composite anode with an OIPC composite ratio of 50 wt % (89.5 %, 295.7 mAh/g at 2C charge), almost the same as that of the graphite anode with a liquid electrolyte (85.7 %, 295.9 mAh/g at 2C charge). More favorable lithium‐ion conduction pathways were resolved for the anode with a higher OIPC composite ratio, whereas an excessive amount of OIPC reduced the long‐term cyclability. The most stable discharge capacity retention was obtained for 30 wt % OIPC composite (257.4 mAh/g at the 100th discharge), which showed no signs of discharge capacity fading within 100 cycles. The lithiation/delithiation process of the solid‐state graphite‐[C2mpyr][FSI] composite anode was evaluated to be stable and reversible. In addition, the incorporated OIPC composite enhanced the electrolyte/electrode and electrode/current collector contacts. This work highlights multiple advantageous functions of the OIPC in a composite graphite anode, which will broaden our horizons for the use of OIPC composites in ASSBs.
AllergoOncology: Role of immune cells and immune proteins
Authors: Di Gioacchino Mario , Della Valle Loredana , Allegra Alessandro , Pioggia Giovanni , Gangemi Sebastiano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmune cells and immune proteins play a pivotal role in host responses to pathogens, allergens and cancer. Understanding the crosstalk between allergic response and cancer, immune surveillance, immunomodulation, role of immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated functions and help to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Allergy and oncology show two opposite scenarios: whereas immune tolerance is desired in allergy, it is detrimental in cancer.AimThe current review provides an update on the role of immune cells and immune proteins in allergy and cancer fields.MethodsAuthors investigated the role of relevant immunological markers and the correlation with cancer progression or cancer suppression.ResultsActivated immune cells such as macrophages ‘M1’, dendritic cells (DCs), innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), NK cells, Th1, follicular T helper cells (TFH), TCD8+, B lymphocytes and eosinophils have inhibitory effects on tumourigenesis, while tolerogenic cells such as macrophages ‘M2,’ tolerogenic DCs, ILC3, T and B regulatory lymphocytes appear to favour carcinogenesis. Mastocytes and alarmins can have both effects. RIgE antibodies and CCCL5 chemokine have an anticancer role, whereas IgG4, free light chains, Il‐10, TGF‐β, lipocalin‐2, CCL1 chemokine promote cancer progression. Fundamental is also the contribution of epigenetic changes regulated by the microRNA in cancer progression.ConclusionThis knowledge represents the key to developing new anticancer therapies.
Evaluation of the Effect of Abrocitinib on Drug Transporters by Integrated Use of Probe Drugs and Endogenous Biomarkers
Authors: Vourvahis Manoli , Byon Wonkyung , Chang Cheng , Le Vu , Diehl Annette , Graham Daniela , Tripathy Sakambari , Raha Nancy , Luo Lina , Mathialagan Sumathy , Dowty Martin , Rodrigues A. David , Malhotra Bimal 
Published: March 2022

Abrocitinib is an oral Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor currently approved in the United Kingdom for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis (AD). As patients with AD may use medications to manage comorbidities, abrocitinib could be used concomitantly with hepatic and/or renal transporter substrates. Therefore, we assessed the potential effect of abrocitinib on probe drugs and endogenous biomarker substrates for the drug transporters of interest. In vitro studies indicated that, among the transporters tested, abrocitinib has the potential to inhibit the activities of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3), organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), and multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 and 2K (MATE1/2K). Therefore, subsequent phase I, two‐way crossover, open‐label studies in healthy participants were performed to assess the impact of abrocitinib on the pharmacokinetics of the transporter probe substrates dabigatran etexilate (P‐gp), rosuvastatin (BCRP and OAT3), and metformin (OCT2 and MATE1/2K), as well as endogenous biomarkers for MATE1/2K (N1‐methylnicotinamide (NMN)) and OCT1 (isobutyryl‐L‐carnitine (IBC)). Co‐administration with abrocitinib was shown to increase the plasma exposure of dabigatran by ~ 50%. In comparison, the plasma exposure and renal clearance of rosuvastatin and metformin were not altered with abrocitinib co‐administration. Similarly, abrocitinib did not affect the exposure of NMN or IBC. An increase in dabigatran exposure suggests that abrocitinib inhibits P‐gp activity. By contrast, a lack of impact on plasma exposure and/or renal clearance of rosuvastatin, metformin, NMN, or IBC suggests that BCRP, OAT3, OCT1, and MATE1/2K activity are unaffected by abrocitinib.
“Generalized unsafety” as fear inhibition to safety signals in adults with and without childhood trauma
Authors: Huskey Alisa , Taylor Daniel J. , Friedman Bruce H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Generalized Unsafety Theory of Stress posits that low heart rate variability contributes to a perception of “generalized unsafety” (i.e., constantly perceiving oneself to be unsafe), independent of stressful events or stress‐related symptomatology. We tested this claim by examining if resting heart rate variability, trait worry, posttraumatic stress symptoms, trauma history, and age of onset predicted fear inhibition, a measure of generalized unsafety. A Pavlovian discriminant conditioning paradigm was used to assess fear inhibition level by comparing eyeblink startle potentiation to a threat cue (presented with air blast) with startle potentiation to a safety signal (never presented with air blast). Survey and laboratory responses were collected from 42 adults who were 20 years old on average, 86% Women, and 76% White. Heart rate variability did not independently predict variation in fear inhibition, as hypothesized. Rather, higher levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms and greater cumulative interpersonal trauma predicted lower fear inhibition. Individuals reporting childhood trauma had higher trait worry, which predicted more severe posttraumatic stress symptoms. These findings highlight the role of attenuated inhibitory learning in stress‐related symptomatology and developmentally disruptive trauma. Ability to distinguish threat from safety is a plausible biobehavioral mechanism by which adversity impacts development.
Event‐related potentials data quality in young children: Standardized measurement error of ERN and Pe
Authors: Isbell Elif , Grammer Jennie K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMost methods used to quantify event‐related potential (ERP) data were developed for use with typical adult populations. Questions regarding how these methods apply to child ERP data remain. Here, we focused on two widely used ERP scoring methods, namely, time‐window mean amplitude and peak amplitude measures, for two ERP error monitoring components, the error‐related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe), collected from Kindergarteners during a child‐friendly cognitive control task (N = 170). We first established the presence of error‐related ERPs and examined the relations between ERP scores and children's behavioral task performance. We then assessed the data quality (precision) of mean and peak ERP amplitude scores at the level of individual participants using the standardized measurement error of ERPs. We also compared the effects of choosing baseline correction periods that were relatively distal versus proximal to responses on data quality. Across each of these analyses, we found that time‐window mean amplitude scoring was comparable to, and in some cases outperformed, peak amplitude scoring. In addition, the proximal baseline provided higher data quality than the distal baseline. We conclude with specific recommendations regarding the scoring and baseline correction for ERP data collected from young children.