bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Task-based Language Teaching in an Advanced Korean Language Learning Program
Authors: Kong Dong-Kwan 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
This paper describes the implementation of a task-based approach in an advanced Korean language program, the Flagship MA program in the Korean Language Flagship Center (KLFC) at the University of Hawaii at Mānoa (UHM). The paper will introduce seven stages of Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT) and how KLFC implements these stages in its MA program (i.e., Needs analysis, target task types, pedagogic tasks, sequencing tasks, appropriate methodology and pedagogy, assessments, and program evaluation, Long 1998). Some key principles of learning by doing, providing rich input, focus on form, negative feedback, and individualized instruction will also be discussed with regard to how these are incorporated in the program. The courses of the KLFC MA program and some of the materials will be introduced. These sample materials will show the interconnectivity of the series of pedagogic tasks, which will lead to a successful performance of a target task at the end of the week and eventually in the real target tasks. The main focus of the study is real TBLT classes and their components, not TBLT theory per se, although some part of it will be discussed in the explanations of the materials and program.
Needs Analysis of Korean Language Programs
Authors: Jeong Hee-Jeong 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
In recent decades, Korean language programs at both secondary and post-secondary levels have shown tremendous qualitative and quantitative growth in the US. According to the Modern Language Association (MLA), the number of students studying Korean in the US increased from 168 students in 1960, to 8511 students in 2009. At the University of Hawaii at Manoa (UHM), the first Korean language course was offered in 1946 to 10 students; as of Spring 2011, 582 students were enrolled in 50 Korean classes. As technology, pedagogical methods, and instructor quality have developed, language education has undergone tremendous change. And students' needs and motivations have changed enormously as well. In order to assess these changes, a needs analysis was conducted for Korean language programs in Hawaii, from high school through graduate school, in order to (i) identify Korean language learners' motivations and needs, and (ii) analyze differences among students based on (a) grade level, (b) proficiency level, and (c) status as heritage or non-heritage speaker. The results reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the current curriculum in satisfying the expectations and desires of students.
Program Theory and the University of Hawai'i Korean Language Flagship Programs
Authors: Crookes Graham 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The paper presents the concept of 'program theory' as a way of conceptualizing key factors, presumably contributing to success, of a language program. It then considers two possible systemic structures advanced historically and eventually introduced into the literature of language teaching, that could be drawn on in conceptualizing or searching for program theory: open systems theory and activity theory. Finally, a pilot investigation underway of the Korean Language Flagship program is briefly and partially reported, which suggests a number of putative key features contributing to the program's success.
“Oppa, Hold My Purse:” A Sociocultural Study of Identity and Indexicality in the Perception and Use of Oppa 'Older Brother' by Second Language Learners
Authors: Brown Lucien 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
This paper looks at the way that six female second language learners of Korean (two heritage learners and four non-heritage) at a US college perceived the kinship term oppa 'older brother (of a woman)' and applied it (or avoided its usage) to express various aspects of their identities. Although previous research (such as Siegal, 1994, 1996) suggests that western female learners are likely to avoid linguistic forms that they view as gendered, the findings of the current paper show a more complex picture. Although the learners perceived oppa as “infantilizing,” excessively “cute,” “manipulative,” implying a gender imbalance, and possessing uncomfortable sexual connotations, only one of the six learners avoided its usage altogether. Other learners used oppa within certain restricted contexts, where they perceived the term as indexing more positive meanings (“affection”). In addition, heritage learners used oppa due to pressure from the diasporic community to adopt Korean-style patterns of address. The ways that these learners restricted their usage of oppa to specific fields displayed certain aspects of skillful and strategic language use and expression of identity.
The Perception of Korean Stops by Heritage and Non-heritage Learners: Pedagogical Implications for Beginning Learners
Authors: Cheon Sang Yee , Lee Teresa 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
This article presents the results from a study of the perception of three-way stop contrasts in Korean by beginning HL and non-HL of Korean. It was expected that American English learners of Korean would have difficulty perceiving the Korean stops because the three-way Korean stop contrast is not found in English. The conclusion is that early HL exposure resulted in better perceptual performance as an adult; also, bilabial stops were perceived better than velar stops or denti-alveolar stops. Pedagogically, HL leaners would need different instructional materials or pedagogical approaches from non-HL leaners. The study focused solely on perception. Nevertheless, we conclude that utilizing production-based as well as perception-based activities will help learners become more aware of the subtle differences that exist between English and Korean stop sounds.
A Study of the Case Marking of English Speaking Learners of Korean in Complements and Adjuncts
Authors: Park Sun Hee 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
This study investigates the case marking of English speaking learners of Korean. In order to identify the linguistic contexts of case marking, I have subcategorized case marking into six types: accusative, case alternation, case alternation and stacking, case stacking, oblique case, and adjunct. The number of participants was 60 in total, 30 Korean native speakers (NK) and 30 English speaking learners of Korean (EK). The research questions of the study are: RQ 1. Do NK and EK show different grammatical judgments on Korean case marking according to the case marking types? and RQ 2. Is there proficiency variation among EK in grammatical judgment on Korean case marking? The independent t-tests have been conducted to answer the RQs. The findings of the study are: 1) ÈK fell short in accuracy and diversity of case marking in most of the complements when they were compared to their counterpart NK, and 2) there was not much difference in terms of language proficiency, except in the case stacking type. Based on the analyses, we argue that EK had not fully acquired case marking in most of the complements regardless of their language proficiency and were not able to utilize the function of case alternation.
Enhancing Sociolinguistic Competency through Korean On-line TV: Advanced Level KFL Curriculum
Authors: Kim Hi-Sun , Lee Hye-Sook 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Despite the complexity and importance of sociolinguistic knowledge in the Korean language, KFL textbooks and curriculum fall short in incorporating sociolinguistic issues due to their focus on grammar and communication. To address this challenge, this paper introduces an advanced level content-based course in which online TV shows of various genres in addition to readings on Korean sociolinguistics are effectively utilized to enhance sociolinguistic competency. That is, students watch relevant online TV shows not only for content but also to analyze the language with the sociolinguistic tools gained from the lecture and readings on given topics such as honorifics/address terms, gender and language, dialects, and internet language. Furthermore, the results of student questionnaires and interviews on the effect of sociolinguistic knowledge on their L2 in ter language upon completion of the course are reported. Finally, we discuss the pedagogical implications of explicit sociolinguistic instruction in KFL curricula at all levels.
Companies’ Initial Estimates of the One-Time Transition Tax Imposed by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Authors: Chen Shannon , Erickson Matthew , Harding Michelle , Stomberg Bridget , Xia Junwei 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We use the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act as a setting to offer new insights into companies’ tax accruals. We examine companies’ estimates of the mandatory one-time transition tax on previously untaxed foreign earnings. We exploit the one-year measurement period provided by Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 118, during which companies could adjust their initial transition tax estimates to examine how companies’ information gathering and processing costs affect these estimates. We find more accurate initial estimates for companies (1) with political access, (2) with less busy financial statement auditors, and (3) who previously accrued estimated incremental U.S. tax on foreign earnings. Finally, we find that companies with incentives to manage external perceptions that they pay their “fair share” of tax are more likely to overstate their initial transition tax estimates. Our study provides evidence of cross-sectional differences in companies’ financial reporting of income taxes during a politically sensitive time.
Gene expression adjustment of inflammatory mechanisms in dairy cow mammary gland parenchyma during host defense against staphylococci
Authors: Korwin-Kossakowska Agnieszka , Ropka-Molik Katarzyna , Ząbek Tomasz , Szmatoła Tomasz , Lewczuk Dorota , Kościuczuk Ewa , Marczak Sylwester , Bagnicka Emilia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify differences in the expression of splice variants of the PRMT2, LTF and C4A genes in the mammary glands of healthy dairy cows and those infected with staphylococci. An expression study was conducted on 38 Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows who were removed from the herd owing to subclinical and chronic mastitic or reproductive issues. Two days before slaughter, milk samples were taken for microbiological analysis and examined for the presence of bacteria. The mammary gland parenchyma samples with a predominance of secretory tissue were taken; these were divided into three groups according to the health status of the mammary gland: H (without pathogenic bacteria in milk), CoNS (with coagulase-negative staphylococci in milk), and CoPS (with coagulase-positive staphylococci in milk). Two of the investigated genes, LTF and C4A, demonstrated variants unequivocally expressed in infected tissue. Two LTF gene variants were found to be associated with cow health status, and with the type of bacteria causing mastitis (CoPS or CoNS). In addition, the expression of C4A isoforms differed with regard to mastitis etiology groups. The comprehensive evaluation of PRMT2 transcript suggested that the gene may also be involved in course of mastitis: two of four PRMT2 transcripts showed increased expression in the mammary gland of the CoPS group compared to controls. The obtained results are important for the knowledge on the etiology of bovine mastitis. The effects of the identified mastitis-relevant splice variants need to be further explored on the protein level to verify the suitability of splice variants and recognize their contribution towards the disease phenotypes and course.
Effects of Dietary Halloysite Supplementation on Broiler Chicken’s Blood Parameters, Carcass and Meat Quality, and Bone Characteristics: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Nadziakiewicz Małgorzata , Micek Piotr , Wojtysiak Dorota 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of halloysite supplementation to the complete diets for broiler chickens on selected blood parameters, carcass and organ characteristics, as well as bone and meat traits. The trial was conducted under experimental conditions in a large-scale poultry farm on 18,000 broiler chickens. The one-day broiler Ross 308 chicks were randomly divided into two groups: control (C) and experimental (E) in an amount of 9,000 birds per group. In each group, chicks were separated into five pens (100 m2) with 1800 chicks per pen. The birds were fed granulated complete mixtures without (C group) or with halloysite (E group) distributed in an amount of 1% (based on fresh matter) from the 11 d of life. Analysis revealed that halloysite supplementation to the broiler diet at the level of 1% showed a trend (P = 0.056) towards higher final body weight, significantly improved carcass yield (P = 0.048), and reduced the relative weights of the liver and gizzard (P<0.05). No differences (P>0.05) were observed either in terms of the physicochemical parameters of the broiler chickens’ breast muscles, except a significantly lower b* value of the colour parameter (P = 0.048). In turn, in the blood serum, the addition of 1% halloysite significantly decreased (P<0.05) the content of triglycerides and the total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein fraction, but did not affect (P>0.05) the high-density lipoprotein fraction, calcium, phosphorus or alkaline phosphate content. Tibia and femur characteristics (weight, length, relative bone weight, bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and breaking strength) were not affected (P>0.05) by the usage of halloysite. In conclusion, supplementation of broiler diet with halloysite in the amount of 1% had beneficial effects on the carcass yield and health status of the animals, without any adverse effect on the bone parameters or meat quality of the broiler chickens.
Fibrolytic Enzymes Increase Fermentation Losses and Reduce Fiber Content of Sorghum Silage
Authors: Campana Mariana , de Morais Jozivaldo Prudêncio Gomes , Capucho Estefani , Garcia Thaina Moreira , Pedrini Cibeli Almeida , Gandra Jefferson Rodrigues , Valle Tiago Antônio Del 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Fiber digestibility is a key-point of forage usage in ruminant production systems. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of fibrolytic enzyme blend on whole-plant sorghum silage fermentation profile, fermentative losses, chemical composition, in vitro degradation, and aerobic stability. It used fifty experimental silos (plastic bucket, 28 cm i.d. and 25 cm in height) in a blocked randomized design to evaluate the following fibrolytic enzyme levels: 0, 150, 300, 450, and 600 mL per ton of dry matter (DM). Enzymes had 300 U/mL of xylanase and 300 U/mL of cellulase. Enzymes linearly increased acetic acid, branched-chain organic acids, and ethanol concentration of silage. Although there was no treatment effect on silage DM recovery over the ensiling process, enzyme levels linearly increased gas, effluent, and total losses. Intermediary levels of enzymes (from 312 to 342 mL/ton DM) decreased fiber content (NDF and ADF), whereas improved NFC silage content. Besides, enzymes did not affect DM and NDF degradation and tended to linearly reduce acid detergent fiber in vitro degradation. The enzymes addition linearly decreased silage temperature after aerobic exposure. However, there was no treatment effect on silage pH after aerobic exposure also during the time that silage remained with a temperature lower than 2°C above environmental temperature. Thus, fibrolytic enzymes reduce fiber content, promote a heterolactic fermentation, and reduce silage temperature after aerobic exposure. However, this increases fermentative losses and has no positive effect on in vitro degradation and the time of aerobic stability.
Mechanical characteristics of Biomaterial Particles Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composites for Automobile Accessories
Authors: Ayoola Tikarewa G. , Olufemi Oluwajobi A. , Adesola Oladejo K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, rattan corncob composite materials were developed and their mechanical properties were determined. This was with a view to producing alternative composite materials for automobile applications. Dried corncobs and rattan cane were crushed, treated with caustic alkali NaOH (aq) and transferred into a water bath machine to reduce the hydrophilic nature of the fibres in the polymer. The shredded corncobs and rattans cane were sun-dried after the treatment to remove the moisture content and were further pulverized and sieved to obtain 400μm particle size. Compositions of the particles were varied for seven samples with the binder kept constant at 80wt% of the whole mixture and forming them into particle panels using a metal mould. The process was repeated in order to obtain three replicates to get the exact mean value. The produced panels were tested for density, water absorption, tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus, and optical microstructure. The results revealed that the densities ranged between 1.06g/cm3 to 1.30g/cm3, the water absorption properties ranged between 0.87% to 4.55%, tensile strength ranged between 42MPa to 90MPa, tensile modulus ranged between 2.2GPa to 5.9GPa, flexural strength ranged between 50MPa to 70MPa and flexural modulus ranged between 1.5GPa to 2.7GPa. It was concluded that the developed composite materials have good mechanical properties and could serve as alternative materials for making automobile accessories like bumpers and spoilers. It could also help in solving the problem of environmental pollution caused by open burning.
Solving XpressBees Logistics Problem by Using Exact and Heuristic Method
Authors: Malhotra Swati , Khandelwal Mitali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Finding the shortest travelling distance based on various situations might assist travelers in making a better selection of route decisions. The main goal of this paper is to solve the routing problem for the company’s fleet vehicle (XpressBees) in order to find the best route under various constraints such as Signalized Intersections, Vehicle Capacity, Customer Demands, and Time Windows in order to reduce transportation costs by using real data. TSP and VRP and their variants are common problems for logistics companies that handle commodities transportation. In addition, for signalised intersections, the Highway Capacity Manual is used, and for truck optimization, the Product Loading Algorithm is used. As a result, there are various algorithms that provide a solution to this problem, such as the Branch and Bound Penalty Method, Dijikstra’s Algorithm, Dynamic Programming, Clarke and Wright savings algorithm and Holmes and Parker Heuristic. These algorithm returns the best option, which is the cheapest route.
The relationship between narrative microstructure and macrostructure: Differences between six- and eight-year-olds
Authors: Košutar Sara , Kramarić Matea , Hržica Gordana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate age-related differences in narrative abilities at the macrostructural and microstructural levels and to examine which microstructural aspects explain narrative macrostructure at ages six and eight. Oral narratives were elicited from 89 Croatian monolingual children using the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN). At the microstructural level, the measure of lexical diversity D, clausal density, and mean length of clause were assessed. Macrostructure was assessed using the standardized MAIN scoring procedure. We found differences between the two age groups in lexical diversity, clausal density, and macrostructure, with eight-year-olds scoring higher on all measures. Variance in the macrostructure was explained to a significant extent by lexical diversity in the case of six-year-olds, and by both lexical diversity and clausal density in the case of eight-year-olds. Our results suggest that six-year-olds rely mostly on lexical abilities when telling a story, while eight-year-olds also draw on syntactic abilities.
Composición corporal y bienestar psicológico en los trabajadores de la Universidad Veracruzana usuarios del programa institucional de actividades físico-deportivas
Authors: Argüelles Nava Vianey Guadalupe 
Published: May 2022

Reconociendo la importancia de desarrollar ambientes saludables en los entornos laborales la Universidad Veracruzana en cumplimiento con su compromiso como universidad promotora de la salud, oferta para sus trabajadores un programa de actividades físico-deportivas en espacios laborales. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar información sobre la composición corporal y el bienestar psicológico de 143 trabajadores usuarios del programa. Mediante un diseño trasversal, se realizó la toma de antropometría y se aplicó la escala de bienestar psicológico de Ryff. Los resultados indican que el bienestar psicológico en general alcanza puntajes altos, sin embargo 63.7% de los participantes presenta exceso de peso según su índice de masa corporal y 79.4% muestran porcentajes altos de grasa corporal, lo que hace evidente la necesidad de llevar a cabo la promoción de actividades físico-deportivas para obtener sus beneficios en esta población. Palabras clave: Composición corporal; bienestar psicológico; trabajadores universitarios; actividad física; promoción de la salud.AbstractThe importance of developing healthy environments in work environments is recognized. Thus, the University of Veracruz, in compliance with its commitment to promote health, offers a program of physical-sporting activities in work spaces for its workers. This paper aims to present information on the corporal composition and the psychological well-being of 143 workers who are users of the program. For this purpose a cross-sectional study was carried out to get anthropometric data and the Ryff's psychological well-being scale was conducted. The results shown that, in general, the psychological well-being tends to reach high scores. However, 63.7% of participants had excess weight according to their Body Mass Index, while 79.4% shown high percentages of body fat, which makes evident the need to continue with promoting physical and sports activities to benefit this population.Keywords: Body composition, psychological well-being, college workers, physical activity, health promotion.
Editorial
Authors: Castillo Hernández José Luis 
Published: May 2022

Cumpliendo con sus objetivos de dar voz a actores de la Universidad Veracruzana, quienes desde sus actividades y quehaceres promueven la obtención de nuevo conocimiento socialmente pertinente, en este número especial, la revista UVserva recopila algunos artículos presentados en marco del VII Congreso Nacional de Universidades Promotoras de la Salud titulado: “De la Abogacía a la Sustentabilidad Social”, el cual se llevó a cabo en las instalaciones de la Universidad Veracruzana, campus Xalapa, del 8 al 11 de octubre de 2018, durante el cual participaron representantes de 65 universidades de los ámbitos estatal, nacional e internacional.