bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for all-cause mortality and rehospitalization in heart failure patients?: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiuming , Wang Jun , Gao Tingting , Sun Haitao , Yang Baisong 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
The association of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with mortality and rehospitalization remains inconsistent in patients with heart failure. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the value of blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in predicting all-cause mortality and hospitalization in heart failure patients.

Methods:
Two reviewers independently search the articles indexed in PubMed and Embase databases until November 30, 2021. Only the prospective or retrospective cohort studies evaluating the association of blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with all-cause mortality and rehospitalization in heart failure patients were selected. The predictive value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was summarized by pooling multivariable adjusted risk estimates for the bottom versus reference top 25-hydroxyvitamin D level.

Results:
Seven studies with a total of 5941 patients with heart failure were identified. The pooled adjusted risk ratio (RR) of all-cause mortality was 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.66), with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 70.5%; P = 0.002). However, there was no clear association between low 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and all-cause rehospitalization risk (RR 1.38; 95% CI 0.87–2.19).

Conclusions:
Low blood level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D may be an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level may provide prognostic information in heart failure patients. Additional randomized controlled trials are required to explore whether treatment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency by supplementation of vitamin D can improve survival in heart failure patients.
Postoperative propofol bolus treatment did not affect recovery time in patients with emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery: Prospective nonrandomized case–control study
Authors: Xu Guo-Shan , Yoon Seung Zhoo , Choi Yoon Ji , Shin Hye Won , Kim Jae-Hwan 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The incidence of emergence agitation (EA) after sevoflurane anesthesia is high, especially in pediatric strabismus surgery. However, research thus far has focused on the pharmacological prophylaxis of EA and administering drugs to pediatric patients without EA is problematic. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of propofol after sevoflurane anesthesia affects recovery time in patients with EA.

Methods:
After obtaining informed written consent, 113 children (aged 2–12 years) with the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I or II who underwent strabismus surgery were enrolled. Patients were divided into 2 groups; upon arrival at the postanesthetic care unit (PACU), patients who had EA (pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium [PAED] scale score ≥14) were treated with 1.0 mg/kg 1% propofol (group P: n = 30). Patients who did not have EA (PAED scale score <14, group C: n = 83) were taken care of in the PACU without propofol administration.

Results:
There was no difference in the PAED scale scores between the 2 groups from 10 minutes to discharge from the PACU (P > .05). There was no difference in PACU stay time between the 2 groups (P > .05).

Conclusions:
We concluded that propofol administration for intense EA alleviated EA symptoms and prevented an increase in the duration of PACU stay due to EA in children undergoing strabismus surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia.
The diagnostic accuracy of macrophage colony-stimulating factor for cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Adane Tiruneh , Getawa Solomon 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) overexpression in plasma levels serves as a useful predictor of carcinogenesis and poor prognosis. Thus, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of M-CSF for cervical cancer.

Methods:
A comprehensive search of eligible studies was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE published until October 2021. For statistical analysis, Meta-disc software is used. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, 95% confidence interval (CI), and the area under the curve were estimated. A P value <.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 5 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The result showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of M-CSF to diagnose cervical cancer were 70% (95% CI: 66%–74%) and 84% (95% CI: 80%–88%), respectively. The summary positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 4.41 (95% CI: 2.86–6.82) and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.29–0.45), respectively. The area under the curve of the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83–0.88), indicating the excellent diagnostic performance of M-CSF for cervical cancer.

Conclusions:
The results of this study showed that M-CSF has diagnostic value for the early detection of cervical cancer. As a result, M-CSF can be utilized in conjunction with existing test platforms to diagnose cervical cancer.
Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotype and subtype between Mongolian and Han in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Su Ruijun , Dong Li , Wang Yongxiang , Sa Renna , Wang Yafei 
Published: September 2022

Hepatitis C is a serious infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV genotypes (GT) and subtypes are closely related to geographical distribution. Studies on the distribution of HCV genotypes can help to understand the regional epidemiology and genotype distribution and provide benefits in the treatment for hepatitis C.
To provide information about the distribution of HCV genotypes as well as improved prevention and treatment of hepatitis C, we aimed to classify the distribution of HCV genotypes among Mongolian and Han patients with hepatitis C in Inner Mongolia over the past 5 years.
Peripheral blood samples of patients with HCV were collected for gene sequencing. To analyze the HCV genotype distribution and possible influencing factors, we determined the viral load and ratios of various genotypes.
We found that the most prevalent genotype in Inner Mongolia was 1b, followed by GT2a, GT3a, GT3b, and GT6a. The prevalence of HCV among Mongolian patients was significantly higher than the prevalence in their Han counterparts (χ2 = 16.64, P = .000). There was no significant difference in viral load according to sex among HCV genotypes. However, the viral load of GT 1b was significantly higher than that of GT 2a (F = 3.51, P = .008). The viral load of GT 1b among ethnic Mongolians was significantly higher than that among Han patients (t = 2.28, P = .044).
The present study’s findings can serve as a basis for developing a personalized treatment for hepatitis C among patients in Inner Mongolia.
Echocardiographic predictors of symptomatic cardiotoxicity among patients undergoing chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Siddiqui Muhammad Umer , Yaacoub Youssef , Hanson Heidi-Anne , Junarta Joey , Pasha Ahmed K. , Shah Mahek 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Chemotherapeutic agents have been associated with cardiotoxicity; thus, they require close monitoring. Several echocardiographic variables have been investigated as early predictors of symptomatic cardiotoxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Objective:
To identify if global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a better predictor of symptomatic cardiotoxicity compared to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients receiving chemotherapy.

Methods:
MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception through December 2020. Adults who developed symptomatic cardiotoxicity (New York Heart Association [NYHA] Class III–IV heart failure, cardiac arrest, or cardiac death) after undergoing chemotherapy with pre- and postchemotherapy echocardiographic measures of cardiac function were included. The primary focus was on the prediction of symptomatic cardiotoxicity. Estimates were reported as random effects hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:
Four studies met inclusion criteria. The most common malignancy identified in the included studies was breast cancer, and the most common chemotherapeutic agent utilized was anthracyclines. Most studies utilized the Simpson biplane method to measure echocardiographic parameters. Pooled results demonstrated no significant association between LVEF and the prediction of symptomatic cardiotoxicity (HR 1.48; 95% CI, 0.96–2.27; P = 0.07). However, 2 studies that analyzed GLS found it to be a strong predictor of symptomatic cardiotoxicity (HR 1.46; 95% CI, 1.34–1.58; P < .001). There was no significant association between symptomatic cardiotoxicity and baseline left ventricular end diastolic volume, end systolic volume, or end diastolic volume index.

Conclusions:
GLS may predict symptomatic cardiotoxicity and be used to monitor patients on chemotherapy for symptomatic cardiac dysfunction. While the pooled results for baseline LVEF identified that it is not a predictor of symptomatic cardiotoxicity, this differs from the findings of the only randomized trial included in this meta-analysis. The data for baseline GLS as a predictor of symptomatic cardiotoxicity is encouraging, but definite evidence that GLS may be superior to LVEF is lacking. Prospective randomized, blinded trials are required to identify if 1 echocardiographic parameter may be superior to the other.
The mechanism of action of the combination of Astragalus membranaceus and Ligusticum chuanxiong in the treatment of ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Wang Tianyue , Jiang Xinyu , Ruan Yanmin , Li Lin , Chu Lisheng 
Published: September 2022

Since 1990, the incidence of stroke has been rising to become the second leading cause of death in the world, posing a huge burden and challenge to society and families.

Astragalus membranaceus and Ligusticum chuanxiong (A&L) have been used as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions to treat and prevent the occurrence of ischemic stroke (IS), but their mechanism of action on the disease has not been fully elucidated. The main objective of this study was to reveal the pharmacological mechanism of A&L in the treatment of IS and to perform preliminary validation.
The active ingredients of A&L were obtained from the systematic pharmacology platform of traditional Chinese medicine (TCMSP) database, whereas the genes of IS were obtained from 2 major databases, DrugBank and GeneCards. Cytoscape_v3.8.2 was used to construct the TCM-active ingredient and TCM-active ingredient-cross-target-disease relationship maps, and the MCODE plug-in was used to obtain the core genes, whereas the protein-protein interaction maps were obtained from the STRING database. The results of gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment were obtained using the Hiplot online tool, and the small molecules in the relevant signalling pathways were verified by molecular docking using AutoDock.
A&L contained a total of 26 eligible active ingredients, sharing 161 common targets with IS. A total of 58 core genes with 1326 edges were obtained using the MCODE plug-in. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment results showed association with interleukin-17 signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, which mainly mediates the development of inflammatory responses. Furthermore, molecular docking was conducted and most of the components were found to have good binding to the receptors.
This study demonstrates that A&L can be used to treat IS by controlling the inflammatory response through multiple targets and multiple pathways, and provides a reference for subsequent trials.
Clinical efficacy of Wenjing decoction in the treatment of ovulatory disorder infertility: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zuo Qian-qian , Yu Zhi-fang , Liu Meng-rui , Du Hui-lan 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
Wenjing decoction (WJD) was widely used in the treatment for ovulatory disorder infertility (ODI) in China, while its efficacy was not clearly known. In this study, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of WJD by meta-analysis.

Methods:
Eight electronic databases including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP Database, and China Biology Medicine were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from the inception of each database to July 1, 2021, of which the interventions involve WJD and clomiphene. Outcomes included clinical efficacy rate, pregnancy rate, ovulation rate, dominant follicle diameter, endometrial thickness, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. Meta-analysis and risk of bias were performed by RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
Eleven RCTs including 915 patients, of which 476 in the intervention group and 439 in the control group. Meta-analysis showed that WJD was better than clomiphene for patients with ODI in terms of clinical effective rate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–1.34), pregnancy rate (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.15–2.07), ovulation rate (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07–1.67), endometrial thickness (mean difference [MD] = 1.50, 95% CI: 0.90–2.10), and dominant follicle diameter (MD = 1.85, 95% CI: 0.68–3.02). The estradiol level (MD = 91.0, 95% CI: 80.3–101.88) in patients taking WJD was significantly higher than those taking clomiphene, while the follicle-stimulating hormone level (MD = −0.93, 95% CI: −1.13 to −0.72) and the luteinizing hormone level (MD = −4.41, 95% CI: −4.80 to −4.03) in patients taking WJD was significantly lower than those taking clomiphene. Our results also indicated that WJD combined with clomiphene was better than clomiphene alone for patients with ODI in terms of pregnancy rate (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.37–2.35).

Conclusions:
WJD may be effective in the treatment of patients with ODI. Due to the quality and quantity of literature, RCT with large sample size and high quality need to be performed to verify our conclusion.
Clinical and epidemiological features of healthcare workers after a coronavirus disease 2019 cluster infection in Japan and the effects of Kampo formulas—Hochuekkito and Kakkonto: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ogawa-Ochiai Keiko , Ishikawa Hideki , Nishimura Hayato , Okajima Masaki , Iinuma Yoshitsugu , Ito Masanori 
Published: September 2022

It is expected that a low-toxicity natural compound like Kampo formulas would exhibit a preventive effect on COVID-19, in a global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although the biological properties and safety of the representative Kampo, Hochuekkito (HET), and Kakkonto (KKT) have been confirmed in various animal model experiments and clinical studies, and in a few human studies to induce biological effects on various infectious diseases without significant toxicity, it is unclear whether HET and KKT are safe and effective for COVID-19 prevention. We summarized the clinical characteristics of HCWs and the preventive effects of HET and KKT.
We performed a retrospective, single-center, cohort study that included 175 HCWs (aged 21–77 years) from a total number of 217 in a hospital with a history of COVID-19 cluster infection. In total, 175 HCWs were tested for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies. We identified 27 patients (median age: 49 ± 10.7 years) who were diagnosed with COVID-19. The patients in the group that had a body mass index ≥ 25 had a high COVID-19 infection risk, while those in the group with a Kampo formula adherence rate ≥ 40% had a low COVID-19 risk. Patients in the group with an adherence rate ≥ 40%, as well as those in the current alcohol consumption group, were at a low risk of developing severe COVID-19.
In conclusion, HET and KKT may have prevented the onset or worsening of COVID-19, which could be clinically used. Obesity might have increased the patients’ susceptibility to COVID-19 and the disease severity.
Predictors of in-hospital mortality in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLHIV) admitted to an academic medical intensive care unit from 2009 to 2014: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sowah Leonard A. , George Nivya , Doll Michelle , Chiou Christine , Bhat Pavan , Smith Christopher , Palacio Danica , Nieweld Carl , Miller Eric , Oni Ibukunolupo , Okwesili Christine , Mathur Poonam , Saleeb Paul G. , Buchwald Ulrike K. 
Published: September 2022

Outcomes for critically ill people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) have changed with the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). To identify these outcomes and correlates of mortality in a contemporary critically ill cohort in an urban academic medical center in Baltimore, a city with a high burden of HIV, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of individuals admitted to a medical intensive care unit (MICU) at a tertiary care center between 2009 and 2014.
PLHIV who were at least 18 years of age with an index MICU admission of ≥24 hours during the 5-year study period were included in this analysis. Data were obtained for participants from the time of MICU admission until hospital discharge and up to 180 days after MICU admission. Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of hospital mortality.
Between June 2009 and June 2014, 318 PLHIV admitted to the MICU met inclusion criteria. Eighty-six percent of the patients were non-Hispanic Blacks. Poorly controlled HIV was very common with 70.2% of patients having a CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm3 within 3 months prior to admission and only 34% of patients having an undetectable HIV viral load. Hospital mortality for the cohort was 17%. In a univariate model, mortality did not differ by demographic variables, CD4 cell count, HIV viral load, or ART use. Regression analysis adjusted by relevant covariates revealed that MICU patients admitted from the hospital ward were 6.4 times more likely to die in hospital than those admitted from emergency department. Other positive predictors were a diagnosis of end-stage liver disease, cardiac arrest, ventilator-dependent respiratory failure, vasopressor requirement, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and symptomatic cytomegalovirus disease.
In conclusion, in this critically ill cohort with HIV infection, most predictors of mortality were not directly related to HIV and were similar to those for the general population.
Impact of multidisciplinary chronic disease collaboration management on self-management of hypertension patients: A cohort study
Authors: Huang Jinding , Xu Yulan , Cao Guilan , He Qin , Yu Puliang 
Published: September 2022

To explore the effect of the interdisciplinary chronic disease management (CDM) model on patients with hypertension.
In this intervention study, the subjects were divided into CDM and control groups. Blood pressure control was monitored in both groups. After 1 year of follow-up, the endpoint events of patients and their knowledge, confidence, and behavior in response to the disease were assessed.
When compared with the control group, patients in the CDM group obtained higher scores for self-perception and management assessment, and their blood pressure control was also better after discharge. The quality of life and the satisfaction level of patients in the control group were lower than those in the CDM group, while the unplanned readmission rate, incidence of complications, and the average length of hospital stay in the control group were higher than those in the CDM group.
CDM model was beneficial to blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. It had also improved the quality of life and the satisfaction level of the hypertensive patients. Our study highlights the importance of the CDM model in the prognosis of hypertensive patients.
Relationship between gallstones and interstitial cells of Cajal in the gallbladder
Authors: Jung Min Su , Han Man-Hoon , Park Tae In , Jung Min Kyu 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
A high percentage of patients with gallstones exhibit abnormalities in gallbladder emptying, and gallstones are often associated with gallbladder contraction. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the gallbladder are involved in the generation and spreading of spontaneous contractions of the gallbladder. This study examined the relationship among the number of gallbladder ICC, gallbladder contractility, and gallstones.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-six patients, who underwent cholecystectomy within 3 months of enduring a gallbladder ejection fraction scan, were enrolled in this study. ICC were identified using a microscope after immunohistochemical staining for CD117/c-kit. Five high-power field (magnification 400×) units were randomly assigned, and the number of ICC in the mucosal and muscular layers was counted. These counts were compared according to the sex, age, reason for cholecystectomy, presence of gallstone, presence of gallbladder polyp, gallbladder ejection fraction, and gallbladder size for each patient.

Results:
The number of ICC in the mucosal layer was increased in the male participants (154.4 ± 73.9) compared with the female participants (107.3 ± 75.2); however, the ICC in the muscular layer was not different between the 2 groups. Additionally, the ICC in the mucosal and muscular layers did not differ according to age, cause of cholecystectomy, number of stones, stone character, stone diameter, or the presence of polyps. A larger gallbladder size was correlated with a decreased number of ICC in the muscular layer of the gallbladder. Additionally, when the number of gallbladder stones was increased, the number of ICC in the muscular layer of the gallbladder was decreased; however, there was no significant correlation between the number of ICC in the mucosal layer of the gallbladder and any of the following factors: age, GBEF, gallbladder size, stone number, or diameter. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between the number of ICC in the muscular layer of the gallbladder, regardless of age, GBEF, and stone diameter.

Conclusion:
Although we were unable to achieve significant results regarding the relationship between GBEF and ICC, this is the first human study to reveal the relationship among ICC, gallbladder size, and the number of gallstones.