bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring nurse and nursing student experience of using an artist-produced photobook to learn about dementia
Authors: Dodd Savannah , Carter Gillian , Christie Andrena , Mitchell Gary 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Improving understanding about dementia in nursing is a priority area for educators and policymakers. This is due to poor professional understanding about dementia and suboptimal healthcare practice. While many educational interventions exist, there has been a paucity of research which has considered the use of artist-produced photobooks to improve knowledge and understanding about dementia. The aim of this study is to understand the impact of an artist-produced photobook on nurses’ attitudes and beliefs about dementia.

Results
Following a thematic analysis of four focus group interviews with 22 nurses and nursing students from Northern Ireland, three themes emerged. Theme one was about how the artist-produced photobook helped participants to humanise the person living with dementia. Theme two related to how the artist-produced photobook supported participants to actively construct their own meanings about dementia based on their previous professional and personal experiences. Theme three explored how an artist-produced photobook could be successfully used to complement existing dementia education in the future.

Conclusions
Using an artist-produced photobook was an innovative way to learn about dementia for nurses and nursing students. The photobook functioned as a tool underpinned by arts-based pedagogy (ABP), supporting nurses to understand the person behind the dementia disease. As such, an artist-produced photobook has the potential to be a useful complementary resource for supporting professional education about dementia.
Challenges experienced by newly qualified nurse-midwives transitioning to practice in selected midwifery settings in northern Malawi
Authors: Mtegha Mathews Brave , Chodzaza Elizabeth , Chirwa Ellen , Kalembo Fatch Welcome , Zgambo Maggie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Literature shows that newly qualified nurse-midwives face challenges integrating into the workforce during their transition period from education to practice. However, little is known about the needs and challenges of Malawian nurse-midwives during their transition from education to practice. The aim of the study was to explore the transition experiences of newly qualified nurse-midwives working in selected midwifery units in Northern Malawi.

Methodology
A qualitative descriptive approach was used. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview guides from a purposive sample of 19 participants (13 newly qualified nurse-midwives and 6 key informants). The researchers developed two interview guides; one for the newly qualified nurse-midwives and another one for the key informants. The interview guides had questions related to newly qualified nurse-midwives experiences of transitioning to practice and the support they received. Participants were from three selected hospitals in the Northern part of Malawi that have maternity units. Data were analysed manually using thematic analysis.

Findings
Five themes related to challenges faced by newly qualified nurse-midwives during their transition to practice in midwifery units emerged from the thematic analysis of the data. These included (1) Theory—practice gap, (2) Lack of confidence and skills, (3) Inadequate resources, (4) Transition support system, and (5) Workplace conflict.

Conclusion
Newly qualified nurse-midwives in Malawi encounter many challenges while transitioning from education to practice. The study findings underscore the need to develop a national framework support system that could not only help newly qualified midwives adjust positively to their new role but also create more opportunities for learning and developing and strengthening a collaborative partnership between colleges and hospitals.
Induction, decay, and determinants of functional antibodies following vaccination with the RTS,S malaria vaccine in young children
Authors: Feng Gaoqian , Kurtovic Liriye , Agius Paul A. , Aitken Elizabeth H. , Sacarlal Jahit , Wines Bruce D. , Hogarth P. Mark , Rogerson Stephen J. , Fowkes Freya J. I. , Dobaño Carlota , Beeson James G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
RTS,S is the first malaria vaccine recommended for implementation among young children at risk. However, vaccine efficacy is modest and short-lived. Antibodies play the major role in vaccine-induced immunity, but knowledge on the induction, decay, and determinants of antibody function is limited, especially among children. Antibodies that promote opsonic phagocytosis and other cellular functions appear to be important contributors to RTS,S immunity.

Methods
We studied a phase IIb trial of RTS,S/AS02 conducted in young children in malaria-endemic regions of Mozambique. We evaluated the induction of antibodies targeting the circumsporozoite protein (CSP, vaccine antigen) that interact with Fcγ-receptors (FcRγs) and promote phagocytosis (neutrophils, monocytes, THP-1 cells), antibody-dependent respiratory burst (ADRB) by neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cell activity, as well as the temporal kinetics of responses over 5 years of follow-up (ClinicalTrials.gov registry number NCT00197041).

Results
RTS,S vaccination induced CSP-specific IgG with FcγRIIa and FcγRIII binding activity and promoted phagocytosis by neutrophils, THP-1 monocytes, and primary human monocytes, neutrophil ADRB activity, and NK cell activation. Responses were highly heterogenous among children, and the magnitude of neutrophil phagocytosis by antibodies was relatively modest, which may reflect modest vaccine efficacy. Induction of functional antibodies was lower among children with higher malaria exposure. Functional antibody magnitude and the functional activity of antibodies largely declined within a year post-vaccination, and decay were highest in the first 6 months, consistent with the decline in vaccine efficacy over that time. Decay rates varied for different antibody parameters and decay was slower for neutrophil phagocytosis. Biostatistical modelling suggested IgG1 and IgG3 contribute in promoting FcγR binding and phagocytosis, and IgG targeting the NANP-repeat and C-terminal regions CSP were similarly important for functional activities.

Conclusions
Results provide new insights to understand the modest and time-limited efficacy of RTS,S in children and the induction of antibody functional activities. Improving the induction and maintenance of antibodies that promote phagocytosis and cellular functions, and combating the negative effect of malaria exposure on vaccine responses are potential strategies for improving RTS,S efficacy and longevity.
An epidemiological analysis of imported malaria in Shanghai during a COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Zhu Min , Zhang Chengang , Zhang Yaoguang , Wang Zhenyu , Ma Xiaojiang , Dai Simin , Chen Jian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The goal of this study was to understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Shanghai specifically during the epidemic period of novel corona-virus pneumonia (COVID-19), to provide a reference for preventing the transmission of imported malaria after this disease had been previously eliminated.

Methods
The data of malaria cases reported in Shanghai from 2020 to 2021 were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP) and the Information System for Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention (ISPDCP). The characteristics of demographic and epidemiological distribution, travel-related information, diagnosis information, regions of infection acquisition and disposal information of epidemic situation were analysed with descriptive statistics.

Results
A total of 112 cases of malaria were reported in Shanghai from January 2020 to December 2021. There were 18 cases and 94 cases in 2020 and 2021, respectively, reaching the lowest and highest levels in the past 10 years. The incidence of malaria associated with seasons had an increasing trend (χ2 = 81.143, P < 0.05). These cases included Plasmodium falciparum (97, 86.61%), Plasmodium vivax (4, 3.57%), Plasmodium ovale (8, 7.14%) and Plasmodium malariae (3, 2.68%). The median age of patients with malaria was 38.0 years, the majority of these individuals were males (109, 97.32%), and most of them were labour personnel (93, 83.04%). Of the reported cases, 8 of these individuals (7.14%) reported experiencing malaria symptoms before their arrival in China after their stay overseas; 97 of these individuals (86.61%) reported experiencing symptoms within 14 days after their initial arrival from overseas; 15 of these individuals (13.39%) were diagnosed with ‘severe malaria’; and 4 of these individuals (3.57%) were also diagnosed with COVID-19. All cases were imported from Africa, and there were no indigenous cases and deaths.

Conclusion
Due to the impact of COVID-19, the number of imported malaria cases in Shanghai had greatly increased; however, prevention and control measures for imported malaria could be implemented to prevent re-transmission of this condition. Considering that the number of individuals returning from overseas labour is likely to increase in the next few years, it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of imported malaria and to review the protocol for potential epidemic situations. Together, these measures could support the maintation of free-malaria status in Shanghai.
Surveillance of Russell body inflammation of the digestive tract: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Luo Shuai , Huang Xiang , Li Yao , Wang Jinjing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Russell body inflammation of the digestive tract (RBIDT) is a rare chronic inflammation of the digestive tract mucosa that commonly presents as Russell body gastritis (RBG). This disease is usually associated with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. However, it can also occur in individuals without HP infection and with specific immune profiles, as seen in HIV and hepatitis C infections. The aetiology and pathogenesis of this disease remain controversial. Given the rarity of the disease and the diversity of the immunophenotypes, there is a high probability of misdiagnosis.

Case presentation
A male patient with RBG and HP infection was included in this study. The case of RBG with an unusual morphology of Mott cells that mimics stamped ring cells.Endoscopy performed during the follow-up revealed regression of the lesion 1 week after anti-HP treatment.

Conclusions
A case of RBG with a high likelihood of misdiagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC) has been reported in this study along with a review of the relevant literature and an overview of RBIDT.
Association between low hemoglobin, clinical measures, and patient-reported outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from post hoc analyses of three phase III trials of sarilumab
Authors: Rubbert-Roth Andrea , Furst Daniel E. , Fiore Stefano , Praestgaard Amy , Bykerk Vivian , Bingham Clifton O. , Charles-Schoeman Christina , Burmester Gerd 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Anemia is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Higher hemoglobin (Hb) levels may be associated with better clinical outcomes and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). To assess this hypothesis, we conducted two post hoc analyses in three sarilumab phase III studies: TARGET, MOBILITY, and MONARCH.

Methods
Pooled data from combination therapy from placebo-controlled MOBILITY (sarilumab + methotrexate) and TARGET (sarilumab + conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs [csDMARDs]) and monotherapy data from active-controlled MONARCH (sarilumab vs. adalimumab) studies were included. Associations between Hb levels and clinical measures and PROs were assessed over 24 weeks. The mean changes from baseline in clinical outcomes and PROs (to week 24) and radiographic outcomes (to week 52) were evaluated between low and normal Hb levels (based on the World Health Organization [WHO] criteria).

Results
From TARGET, MOBILITY, and MONARCH, 546, 1197, and 369 patients, respectively, were stratified according to Hb levels (low vs. normal). Over 24 weeks, higher Hb levels were found to be consistently associated with better clinical outcomes and PROs in combination therapy and monotherapy groups and were more pronounced among the patients treated with sarilumab than those treated with placebo and adalimumab. The mean change from baseline to week 24 in clinical efficacy measures and PROs was similar in patients with low vs. normal Hb at baseline. Differences between sarilumab and/or adalimumab, for all outcomes, were larger for low Hb subgroups. In MOBILITY, by week 52, the inhibition of progression of structural damage (assessed via Modified Total Sharp Score [mTSS]) was 84% (sarilumab 200 mg) and 68% (sarilumab 150 mg) vs. placebo in patients with low Hb and 97% (sarilumab 200 mg) and 68% (sarilumab 150 mg) vs. placebo in patients with normal Hb. Similar results were observed for other radiographic outcomes.

Conclusions
In these post hoc analyses, a consistent relationship was observed between higher Hb levels and better clinical outcomes and PROs in patients with RA. Irrespective of the baseline Hb levels, sarilumab treatment was associated with improvements in clinical measures and PROs over 24 weeks (improvements were more pronounced than those with adalimumab treatment) and mitigation of joint damage progression over 52 weeks.

Trial registration
ClinTrials.gov NCT01061736, NCT01709578, and NCT02332590
Manifestation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the wake of new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: a case report
Authors: Govindarajan Sandhya , Zamir Imran , Bagewadi Sunil , Moore Emily 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease globally, while glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, an X-linked inherited disorder, is the most common erythrocyte enzyme defect. The association between the two in children has been infrequently reported.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 10-year-old boy of Iraqi descent who presented to our emergency department with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus without Diabetic Keto Acidosis. He was treated with subcutaneous insulin and discharged. Eleven days after hospitalization, he was found to be jaundiced during his home visit. Hence, he was referred to the pediatric unit, and his hemoglobin had declined from 130 g/L at the previous admission to 81 g/L. Blood tests revealed low haptoglobin, and his peripheral blood film showed anisocytosis, polychromasia, and occasional red cell fragments suggestive of acute hemolysis. His glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was very low, and his subsequent genetic tests confirmed Mediterranean-type glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

Conclusion
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in people with diabetes mellitus has been underreported in the literature so far, and screening of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency should be considered on diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, especially in boys of African, Mediterranean, or Asian descent.
Documentation of adherence to infection prevention best practice in patient records: a mixed-methods investigation
Authors: Hascic Alen , Wolfensberger Aline , Clack Lauren , Schreiber Peter W. , Kuster Stefan P. , Sax Hugo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Healthcare-associated infections remain a preventable cause of patient harm in healthcare. Full documentation of adherence to evidence-based best practices for each patient can support monitoring and promotion of infection prevention measures. Thus, we reviewed the extent, nature, and determinants of the documentation of infection prevention (IP) standards in patients with HAI.

Methods
We reviewed electronic patient records (EMRs) of patients included in four annual point-prevalence studies 2013–2016 who developed a device- or procedure-related HAI (surgical site infection (SSI), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), ventilator-associated infection (VAP), catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI)). We examined the documentation quality of mandatory preventive measures published as institutional IP standards. Additionally, we undertook semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers and a two-step inductive (grounded theory) and deductive (Theory of Planned Behaviour) content analysis.

Results
Of overall 2972 surveyed patients, 249 (8.4%) patients developed 272 healthcare-associated infections. Of these, 116 patients met the inclusion criteria, classified as patients with SSI, CAUTI, VAP, CRBSI in 78 (67%), 21 (18%), 10 (9%), 7 (6%), cases, respectively. We found documentation of IP measures in EMRs in 432/1308 (33%) cases. Documentation of execution existed in the study patients’ EMRs for SSI, CAUTI, VAP, CRBSI, and overall, in 261/931 (28%), 27/104 (26%), 46/122 (38%), 26/151 (17%), and 360/1308 (28%) cases, respectively, and documentation of non-execution in 67/931 (7%), 2/104 (2%), 0/122 (0%), 3/151 (2%), and 72/1308 (6%) cases, respectively. Healthcare provider attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control indicated reluctance to document IP standards.

Conclusions
EMRs rarely included conclusive data about adherence to IP standards. Documentation had to be established indirectly through data captured for other reasons. Mandatory institutional documentation protocols or technically automated documentation may be necessary to address such shortcomings in patient safety documentation.
Dietary protein levels changed the hardness of muscle by acting on muscle fiber growth and the metabolism of collagen in sub-adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Dong Min , Zhang Lu , Wu Pei , Feng Lin , Jiang Weidan , Liu Yang , Kuang Shengyao , Li Shuwei , Mi Haifeng , Tang Ling , Zhou Xiaoqiu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Nutrient regulation has been proven to be an effective way to improve the flesh quality in fish. As a necessary nutrient for fish growth, protein accounts for the highest proportion in the fish diet and is expensive. Although our team found that the effect of protein on the muscle hardness of grass carp was probably related to an increased collagen content, the mechanism for this effect has not been deeply explored. Moreover, few studies have explored the protein requirements of sub-adult grass crap (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Therefore, the effects of different dietary protein levels on the growth performance, nutritional value, muscle hardness, muscle fiber growth, collagen metabolism and related molecule expression in grass carp were investigated.

Methods
A total of 450 healthy grass carp (721.16 ± 1.98 g) were selected and assigned randomly to six experimental groups with three replicates each (n = 25/replicate), and were fed six diets with 15.91%, 19.39%, 22.10%, 25.59%, 28.53% and 31.42% protein for 60 d.

Results
Appropriate levels of dietary protein increased the feed intake, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, body composition, unsaturated fatty acid content in muscle, partial free amino acid content in muscle, and muscle hardness of grass carp. These protein levels also increased the muscle fiber density, the frequency of new muscle fibers, the contents of collagen and IGF-1, and the enzyme activities of prolyl 4-hydroxylases and lysyloxidase, and decreased the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2. At the molecular level, the optimal dietary protein increased collagen type I α1 (Colα1), Colα2, PI3K, Akt, S6K1, La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 6a (LARP6a), TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad4, Smad3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, MyoD, Myf5, MyoG and MyHC relative mRNA levels. The levels of the myostatin-1 and myostatin-2 genes were downregulated, and the protein expression levels of p-Smad2, Smad2, Smad4, p-Akt, Akt, LARP6 and Smad3 were increased.

Conclusions
The appropriate levels of dietary protein promoted the growth of sub-adult grass carp and improved muscle hardness by promoting the growth of muscle fibers, improving collagen synthesis and depressing collagen degradation. In addition, the dietary protein requirements of sub-adult grass carp were 26.21% and 24.85% according to the quadratic regression analysis of growth performance (SGR) and the muscle hardness (collagen content), respectively.
Redefining germline predisposition in children with molecularly characterized ependymoma: a population-based 20-year cohort
Authors: Foss-Skiftesvik Jon , Stoltze Ulrik Kristoffer , van Overeem Hansen Thomas , Ahlborn Lise Barlebo , Sørensen Erik , Ostrowski Sisse Rye , Kullegaard Solvej Margrete Aldringer , Laspiur Adrian Otamendi , Melchior Linea Cecilie , Scheie David , Kristensen Bjarne Winther , Skjøth-Rasmussen Jane , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Wadt Karin , Mathiasen René 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpendymoma is the second most common malignant brain tumor in children. The etiology is largely unknown and germline DNA sequencing studies focusing on childhood ependymoma are limited. We therefore performed germline whole-genome sequencing on a population-based cohort of children diagnosed with ependymoma in Denmark over the past 20 years (n = 43). Single nucleotide and structural germline variants in 457 cancer related genes and 2986 highly evolutionarily constrained genes were assessed in 37 children with normal tissue available for sequencing. Molecular ependymoma classification was performed using DNA methylation profiling for 39 children with available tumor tissue. Pathogenic germline variants in known cancer predisposition genes were detected in 11% (4/37; NF2, LZTR1, NF1 & TP53). However, DNA methylation profiling resulted in revision of the histopathological ependymoma diagnosis to non-ependymoma tumor types in 8% (3/39). This included the two children with pathogenic germline variants in TP53 and NF1 whose tumors were reclassified to a diffuse midline glioma and a rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor, respectively. Consequently, 50% (2/4) of children with pathogenic germline variants in fact had other tumor types. A meta-analysis combining our findings with pediatric pan-cancer germline sequencing studies showed an overall frequency of pathogenic germline variants of 3.4% (7/207) in children with ependymoma. In summary, less than 4% of childhood ependymoma is explained by genetic predisposition, virtually restricted to pathogenic variants in NF2 and NF1. For children with other cancer predisposition syndromes, diagnostic reconsideration is recommended for ependymomas without molecular classification. Additionally, LZTR1 is suggested as a novel putative ependymoma predisposition gene.
The influence of digital competences, self-organization, and independent learning abilities on students’ acceptance of digital learning
Authors: Scheel Laura , Vladova Gergana , Ullrich André 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite digital learning disrupting traditional learning concepts and activities in higher education, for the successful integration of digital learning, the use and acceptance of the students are essential. This acceptance depends in turn on students’ characteristics and dispositions, among other factors. In our study, we investigated the influence of digital competences, self-organization, and independent learning abilities on students’ acceptance of digital learning and the influence of their acceptance on the resistance to the change from face-to-face to digital learning. To do so, we surveyed 350 students and analyzed the impact of the different dispositions using ordinary least squares regression analysis. We could confirm a significant positive influence of all the tested dispositions on the acceptance of digital learning. With the results, we can contribute to further investigating the underlying factors that can lead to more positive student perceptions of digital learning and build a foundation for future strategies of implementing digital learning into higher education successfully.