bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance improvement in a supercontinuum fiber-coupled system for near infrared absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Fuglerud Silje Skeide , Noh Jong Wook , Aksnes Astrid , Roar Hjelme Dag 
Published: February 2022

Accurate, in-field-compatible, sensing based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) requires development of instrumentation with low noise and long-term stability. Here, we present a fully fiber-optic spectroscopy setup using a supercontinuum source in the long-pulse regime (2 ns) and a balanced detector scheme to demonstrate high-accuracy NIRS-based sensing. The noise sources of the system are studied theoretically and experimentally. The relative intensity noise was reduced from typical values up to 6% to less than 0.1% by deploying a balanced detector and averaging. At well-balanced wavelengths, the system without transmission cells achieved a signal to noise ratio (SNR) above 70 dB, approaching the shot noise limit. With transmission cells and long-term measurements, the overall SNR was 55 dB. Glucose in physiological concentrations was measured as a model system, yielding a root mean square error of 4.8 mM, approaching the needed accuracy for physiological glucose monitoring.
High-dispersion TIR-GRISMs with flattened angular dispersion profile
Authors: Heusinger Martin , Flügel-Paul Thomas , Grabowski Kevin , Michaelis Dirk , Risse Stefan , Zeitner Uwe D. 
Published: February 2022

Modern grating imaging spectrographs typically show aberrations due to the nonlinear dependence of angular dispersion on wavelength. This error can be reduced by a combination of diffracting and refracting components (grating and prism). Here, we present a dispersive optical component, namely, total internal reflection (TIR) grating + prism, with a grating attached to one facet of a prism. The elements work within the limit of TIR and exhibit three advantages compared to standard diffraction gratings: first, high diffraction efficiency up to 98%; second, enormous angular dispersion up to

0.75
∘

n

m

−
1

; and third, a nearly constant angular dispersion profile. As an example, the fabrication of such a disperser designed for the short-wave infrared2 spectral range is demonstrated. We report on details of the manufacturing process, which relies on a dedicated combination of technologies, i.e., electron beam lithography, atomic layer deposition, and hydrophilic direct bonding.
The influence of entrepreneurial leadership and sustainability leadership on high-performing school leaders: mediated by empowerment
Authors: Kasim Norhisham Mohd 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe fifth shift of the Malaysian Education Blueprint (MEB) 2013–2015, stated that the ministry will ensure high-performing school leaders are placed in every school. But the main challenge for the Malaysian school leader is to improve and achieve the key performance indicators of high-performing schools. This study supports the aspirations of MEB 2013–2015 by identifying the best practices of leadership to achieve outstanding student performance as well as to maintain the high-performance of schools. Therefore, this study examines the influence of entrepreneurial leadership, sustainability leadership and empowerment towards high-performing school leaders in primary schools of East Coast Malaysia. The instrument used is a questionnaire adopted from several questionnaires developed by previous researches on entrepreneurial leadership, sustainable leadership, empowerment and high-performing school leaders. A total of 486 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents of 15 high-performing primary schools in Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang using the random sampling technique. With a 58 percent return rate, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and SmartPLS version 3.28 for descriptive analysis, measurement model and structural model. The findings show that variables such as entrepreneurial leadership exerted a significant influence on high-performing school leaders and sustainability leadership also exerted a significant influence on empowerment. In addition, the results of this study support the contributions of the study that have been proposed. The findings of this study will contribute to future research, particularly to researchers aiming to examine this leadership style in depth on school performance in Malaysia.
Health-related quality of life and associated factors among Onchocerciasis patients in southeast Nigeria: A cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Otache Adah E. , Ezenwosu Ifeyinwa L. , Ossai Edmund N. , Aniwada Elias C. , Nwobi Emmanuel A. , Uzochukwu Benjamin SC. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Onchocerciasis, a neglected tropical disease of public health importance, causes chronic morbidity and severe disability that may impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the infected people. This study assessed the HRQoL and associated factors among onchocerciasis patients in southeast Nigeria.

Methods
This was a community-based cross-sectional comparative study. Using a multistage sampling technique, 340 onchocerciasis patients were selected and matched for age and gender with the healthy population in the same neighbourhood. The respondents were interviewed using the short-form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire to determine their HRQoL. WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 tool (WHODAS 2.0) was used to assess disability in persons with onchocerciasis. Means were compared with independent student t-test while Chi-square test was used to compare proportions. Also, correlation analysis and logistic regression were used in the analyses.

Results
A significantly lower proportion of people living with onchocerciasis had a good quality of life when compared with the healthy subjects (69.4% vs 93.5%, p<0.001). Also, an inverse relationship was seen between disability and quality of life in the onchocerciasis group (r = -0.647, p<0.001). Predictors of poor quality of life among respondents with onchocerciasis were: respondents aged ≥48 years (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.4–5.0), those with some disability associated with onchocerciasis (AOR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.4–5.0) and respondents who perceived themselves as a burden to people (AOR = 10, 95%CI: 2.5–20).

Conclusion
Onchocerciasis impacted negatively on HRQoL of persons with onchocerciasis when compared with the healthy population. The quality of life of persons affected with onchocerciasis reduces with increasing disability. There is the need to increase community awareness on onchocerciasis to ensure early diagnosis and prompt treatment as this will reduce disability among those affected with the disease thus enhancing their HRQoL.
Hydroxychloroquine for prophylaxis of COVID-19 in health workers: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rojas-Serrano Jorge , Portillo-Vásquez Angelica Margarita , Thirion-Romero Ireri , Vázquez-Pérez Joel , Mejía-Nepomuceno Fidencio , Ramírez-Venegas Alejandra , Pérez-Kawabe Karla Midori , Pérez-Padilla Rogelio 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Health care workers are at high risk of being infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for prophylaxis of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) in health personnel exposed to patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
Double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled single center clinical trial. Included subjects were health care workers caring for severe COVID-19 patients. Main outcome was time to symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results
127 subjects with a confirmed baseline negative RT-PCR SARS-CoV2 test were included in the trial. 62 assigned to HCQ and 65 to placebo. One subject (1.6%) in the HCQ group and 6 (9.2%) subjects in the placebo group developed COVID-19 (Log-Rank test p = 0.07). No severe COVID-19 cases were observed. The study was suspended because of a refusal to participate and losses to follow up after several trials reported lack of effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Conclusion
The effect size of hydroxychloroquine was higher than placebo for COVID-19 symptomatic infection in health personnel, although this was not statistically significant. The trial is underpowered due to the failure to complete the estimated sample size.
Inclusive, supportive and dignified maternity care (SDMC)—Development and feasibility assessment of an intervention package for public health systems: A study protocol
Authors: Avan Bilal Iqbal , Hameed Waqas , Khan Bushra , Asim Muhammad , Saleem Sarah , Siddiqi Sameen 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Mistreatment, discrimination, and poor psycho-social support during childbirth at health facilities are common in lower- and middle-income countries. Despite a policy directive from the World Health Organisation (WHO), no operational model exists that effectively demonstrates incorporation of these guidelines in routine facility-based maternity services. This early-phase implementation research aims to develop, implement, and test the feasibility of a service-delivery strategy to promote the culture of supportive and dignified maternity care (SDMC) at public health facilities.

Methods
Guided by human-centred design approach, the implementation of this study will be divided into two phases: development of intervention, and implementing and testing feasibility. The service-delivery intervention will be co-created along with relevant stakeholders and informed by contextual evidence that is generated through formative research. It will include capacity-building of maternity teams, and the improvement of governance and accountability mechanisms within public health facilities. The technical content will be primarily based on WHO’s intrapartum care guidelines and mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) materials. A mixed-method, pre-post design will be used for feasibility assessment. The intervention will be implemented at six secondary-level healthcare facilities in two districts of southern Sindh, Pakistan. Data from multiple sources will be collected before, during and after the implementation of the intervention. We will assess the coverage of the intervention, challenges faced, and changes in maternity teams’ understanding and attitude towards SDMC. Additionally, women’s maternity experiences and psycho-social well-being—will inform the success of the intervention.

Expected outcomes
Evidence from this implementation research will enhance understanding of health systems challenges and opportunities around SDMC. A key output from this research will be the SDMC service-delivery package, comprising a comprehensive training package (on inclusive, supportive and dignified maternity care) and a field tested strategy to ensure implementation of recommended practices in routine, facility-based maternity care. Adaptation, Implementation and evaluation of SDMC package in diverse setting will be way forward. The study has been registered with clinicaltrials.gov (Registration number: NCT05146518).
SDGs in the Covid 19 Storm (Example on Climate Pact Ambassadors Role)
Authors: Jevtic Marija , Bouland Catherine 
Published: February 2022

The Climate Pact was launched in December 2020, with hope that the upcoming vaccine would help us overcome the COVID-19 pandemic “storm”. Even though humans are in the canter of the Covid pandemic storm, it is still important not to forget the climate change challenge, as it is a highly active “factory”. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine for the climate change process and biodiversity crises. The Climate Pact is an opportunity to create a European-wide movement that supports, encourages and acknowledges individual climate achievements. According to SDG 13 (climate action), Climate Pact encourages actions such as: green areas, green transport, green buildings and green skills. Also, it is important to expand sustainable consumption and production, the quality of soil, healthy food and sustainable diets, oceans, and rural and coastal areas. Therefore, Climate Pact is a driver for Sustainable Development Goals, and it is based on the ideas and contributions of all interested individuals and various organisations. Climate Pact Ambassadors are representatives of civil society and citizens with the strength for action (despite the Covid 19 pandemic “storm”) and collaboration among themselves as well as with researchers, academic citizens and policy makers to beat climate change and give contribution to SDG 13.
Insecurity, loneliness and their impacts on Left behind [liushou] women, children and the elderly in Chinese villages -- a Commentary
Authors: FENG HAIYING , Squires Victor 
Published: February 2022

Change is occurring at a rapid rate in China. Policy reforms, regional development are going ahead at an unprecedented pace. Inevitably, some strata of society have been left behind. This paper focuses on the plight of the ‘left behind’ who comprise mainly children who are in the care of their grandparents, some of whom are elderly. New developments in agriculture (now more highly femininized) innovative land transfer policy, and land consolidation all have an impact on creation of ‘hollow villages’. We assess the importance of current and past developments and conclude with some recommendations about future research priorities and suggestions to local government officials and decision makers.
Implementation of Independent Learning in Independent Campus by Distance Learning at Private Universities in Bogor During the Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Arifien Yunus , Susdiyanti Tun , Maslahat Mamay 
Published: February 2022

The Covid-19 outbreak has hit the world of higher education, forcing all universities in Bogor to implement a distance learning system. Distance learning means that there is a significant change from face-to-face conventional learning to distance learning from home. However, during this pandemic it is still rare for research to focus on distance learning on student satisfaction, the application of independent learning in independent campuses and the competence of graduates in private universities. This study aims to determine the implementation of independent learning on an independent campus by distance learning at private universities in Bogor during the covid 19 pandemic. The research method used is descriptive and different test. Data analysis includes reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study can be concluded that (1) distance learning at universities has been carried out well during the covid 19 pandemic with the satisfaction level of PUAS students, (2) in the application of independent learning on an independent campus, subjects with calculations such as statistics are better with conventional learning methods instead of e-learning, it is a subject without a count, such as the environment and Pancasila, on the other hand. Likewise, for courses taken outside the study program, students can take part and get better grades, and (3) the competence of graduates from private universities through distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is good and can work and adapt in their place of work.
Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) on Website Quality (Webqual): An Evidence from A Higher Education Institution in Indonesia
Authors: Maryana Lina , Komaladewi Rita , Mulyana Asep , Saefullah Kurniawan 
Published: February 2022

This paper attempts to evaluate the quality of website of the Faculty of Economics and Business of University X in Indonesia, using the WebQual model and map it using Importance Performance Analysis. The study uses a quantitative method of Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), by using an online survey with a WebQual questionnaire. Samples were collected through an accidental sampling, involved 70 samples, collected from the stakeholder of the faculty, representing students, lecturers, partners as well as general public.
The result of the study reveals that Information Quality poses the most performed of the Website Quality while Usability was the least ones. The result recommends any higher education institution to evaluate information provided in their website to its stakeholder, should consider its usability as it is the most important factor which is needed by website visitors.
Informationsmanagerin gesucht – Die Rolle wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken in der Forschungsberichterstattung in Deutschland
Authors: Petersohn Sabrina , Thiedig Christoph 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
An die Feststellung, dass sich Bibliotheken mit neuen Spezialisierungen bereits eine wichtige Rolle als Kuratorinnen von Forschungsdaten erarbeiten, schließt sich die Frage an, welche Rolle die Erhebung und Verarbeitung von Forschungsinformationen im Rahmen der Forschungsberichterstattung als forschungsnahe Dienstleistung im Aufgaben- und Kompetenzportfolio wissenschaftlicher Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare zukünftig spielen wird. Auf Basis der Auswertung von Stellenanzeigendaten der Jahre 2005 bis 2020 und einer Onlineerhebung werden formale Tätigkeits- und Kompetenzanforderungen von Bibliothekspersonal in der Forschungsberichterstattung und dessen gegenwärtige Tätigkeitsprofile sowie wahrgenommene Kompetenzbereiche untersucht.
Assessment of using electronic portal imaging device for analysing bolus material utilised in radiation therapy
Authors: Özseven Alper 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, the feasibility of using electronic portal imaging device (EPID) as an analysing equipment for bolus material was evaluated in terms of its dosimetric parameters. Seven superflab bolus material samples, 4 samples of 0.5 cm (S1–S4) and 3 samples of 1 cm thickness (S5–S7), were analysed and compared with tissue equivalent water phantom, which was selected for reference material. Gamma analysis method was used to evaluate the dose distribution of the boluses. In addition, 487,204 point-dose values of each bolus were compared with the point-doses of corresponding reference material by using Spearman’s correlation coefficient analysis. The passing rates varied from 58.3 to 100% for 0.5 cm thick samples, and on the other hand, the passing rates of all the 1 cm thick boluses were 100%. All the correlation coefficient values were above 0.975. The correlation was statistically significant for all the samples (p < 0.001). The correlation coefficient of S4 bolus sample was the highest among the 0.5 cm thick bolus samples with a result of 0.989. Likewise, S5 and S6 bolus samples were the highest among the 1 cm thick ones with a result of 0.995. The results indicated that the material planned to be used as bolus can be evaluated with EPID in daily use.
The distribution of /w/ and /ʍ/ in Scottish Standard English
Authors: Li Zeyu , Gut Ulrike 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Scottish English phoneme inventory is generally claimed to have a /ʍ/-/w/ contrast, although several studies have suggested that this historical contrast is weakening for Scottish English speakers in the urban areas of Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen. Little is known about whether the /ʍ/-/w/ contrast is maintained in supraregional Scottish Standard English (SSE). This study sets out to explore, based on the phonemically transcribed ICE-Scotland corpus, the distribution of [ʍ] and [w] in SSE, their acoustic properties and potentially influencing social and language-internal factors. A total of 1,241 <wh-> tokens were extracted from the corpus, together with a matching number of <w-> tokens, and the median of harmonicity was measured. The results show that [ʍ] and [w] produced for words beginning with <wh-> are acoustically distinct from [w] produced for words beginning with <w->. [ʍ] is relatively frequent in SSE, but most speakers use both [ʍ] and [w] interchangeably for <wh-> and some never use [ʍ]. The realisation of <wh-> as [ʍ] is determined by preceding phonetic context and speaker gender.
Expectant management of placenta accreta after a mid-trimester pregnancy loss: a case report and a short review
Authors: Fumagalli Diletta , Bignardi Tommaso , Vanzulli Angelo , Corbella Paola Francesca , Meroni Mario Giuseppe , Interdonato Maria Lieta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders are a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Traditionally women with PAS are offered surgery, while expectant management is still considered investigational.

Case presentation
We present a case of expectant management of PAS after pregnancy loss at 19-weeks. PAS was suspected at sonography and confirmed by MRI. Patient was offered expectant management to preserve fertility. This consisted of leaving the placenta in situ, followed by in- and out-patient clinical and sonographic examinations and blood tests. After five weeks placental detachment occurred without major complications.

Conclusions
Our report suggests that expectant management could be a safe option in selected cases of PAS after mid-trimester pregnancy loss. We recommend expectant management should be offered in referral centers for PAS.
Coarctation of the aorta and persistent left superior vena cava: HDlive Flow features at 14 weeks of gestation
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Koyanagi Aya , Takayoshi Riko , Miyake Takahito , Nakai Yuichiro , Tani Kazumasa , Hayata Kei , Masuyama Hisashi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
A significant discrepancy between a large ductus arteriosus and a smaller aorta at their connection is key to diagnose coarctation of the aorta (CoA) at 14–16 weeks of gestation. CoA was associated with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) in 21.3% of fetuses. HDlive Flow findings for CoA or PLSVC were obtained only in the third trimester of pregnancy. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no report on the prenatal findings of CoA and PLSVC using HDlive Flow with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) before 20 weeks of gestation.

Case presentation
We present the trans-abdominal HDlive Flow features of CoA and PLSVC at 14 weeks of gestation. With a three-vessel trachea view on multiplanar view using color Doppler with STIC, PLSVC on the left side of the pulmonary artery was noted, and a narrowing aortic isthmus was suspected. A narrowing isthmus was also suspected with an aortic arch view. HDlive Flow clearly showed the spatial relationships among the right superior vena cava, aorta with narrowing isthmus, pulmonary artery, and PLSVC. A preductal ‘shelf’ was also suspected. No other fetal anomaly was noted. Neonatal echocardiography after delivery confirmed CoA and PLSVC.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on HDlive Flow features of fetal CoA and PLSVC using STIC early in the second trimester of pregnancy.