bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of PCF36Z + 316L clad steel welding technology in the construction of offshore stationary drilling platforms
Authors: Гальцов И.А. , Фомин Е.В. 
Published: June 2022

В работе представлены результаты разработки новой технологии сварки ледового дефлектора, морской ледостойкой стационарной платформы, из плакированной стали PCF 36Z + 316L, с комплексным воздействием на металл сварочной ванны, заключающийся во введении в хвостовую часть жидкого металла сварного валика охлаждающей присадки и низкочастотных поперечных колебаний сварочной проволоки.Выявлено, что на образование сварного соединения тратится только четверть от общей теплоты дуги, а большая его часть расходуется на перегрев сварочной ванны, нагрев изделия, его деформацию, диффузию химических элементов между слоями. Эти процессы приводят к ухудшению структуры и свойств сварного соединения, значительному понижению качества сварных конструкций.Установлено, что использование комплексного способа дуговой сварки позволяет, увеличить площадь поперечного сечения сварного валика, уменьшить тепловое воздействие на металл, уменьшить количество проходов при формировании соединения, без увеличения погонной энергии сварки, обеспечить качественную, аустенитно-ферритную структуру сварных валиков переходного и плакирующего слоя.
The paper presents the results of the development of a new technology for welding an ice deflector, a marine ice-resistant stationary platform made of PCF 36Z + 316L clad steel, with a complex effect on the metal of the welding bath, consisting in the introduction of a cooling additive and low-frequency transverse vibrations of the welding wire into the tail part of the liquid metal of the welded roller.It is revealed that only a quarter of the total arc heat is spent on the formation of a welded joint, and most of it is spent on overheating of the welding bath, heating of the product, its deformation, diffusion of chemical elements between layers. These processes lead to deterioration of the structure and properties of the welded joint, a significant decrease in the quality of welded structures.It is established that the use of an integrated arc welding method allows to increase the cross-sectional area of the welded roller, reduce the thermal effect on the metal, reduce the number of passes during the formation of the joint, without increasing the linear welding energy, to ensure a high-quality, austenitic-ferritic structure of the welded rollers of the transition and cladding layer.
Failure’s analysis of marine diesel engines crosshead bearings
Authors: Полковников А.К. , Полковникова Н.А. 
Published: June 2022

С повышением степени форсировки судовых малооборотных дизелей (МОД), ростом максимального давления сгорания проблема обеспечения надёжности подшипников и в первую очередь крейцкопфных остаётся актуальной. Рассмотрены конструктивные особенности крейцкопфных подшипников, предложены критерии оценки несущей способности и ударной нагруженности. В работе выполнен статистический анализ отказов, их причин и условий эксплуатации подшипников. При эксплуатации МОД наиболее эффективные меры, направленные на повышение работоспособности подшипников, связаны с выбором оптимальных режимов работы двигателя с целью ограничения действующей нагрузки и повышения запаса несущей способности подшипников. С износом и увеличением зазора в подшипнике несущая способность масляного клина снижается и возникает опасность появления полусухого трения и прогрессирующего износа. Усталостная прочность и долговечность подшипника определяется температурой антифрикционного слоя нижней (опорной) части вкладыша, для измерения которой была разработана система контроля температуры. Для непрерывного контроля технического состояния подшипников МОД высокую эффективность показала система контроля износов подшипников (Bearing Wear Monitoring System), которая измеряет комбинированный физический износ рамовых мотылёвых и крейцкопфных подшипников, обеспечивая раннее предупреждение об увеличении скорости износа вкладышей.
With an increase of forcing degree of marine low-speed diesel engines (MOD), an increase in maximum combustion pressure, the problem of ensuring reliability of bearings, and primarily crosshead bearings, remains relevant. The design features of crosshead bearings are considered, criteria for assessing the bearing capacity and shock loading are proposed. The paper considers a statistical analysis of failures, their causes and operating conditions of bearings has been carried out. The design features of crosshead bearings are considered, criteria for assessing the bearing capacity and shock loading are proposed. During the operation of the low-speed diesel engine, the most effective measures aimed at improving the performance of bearings are associated with the choice of optimal operating modes of the engine in order to limit the current load and increase the bearing capacity margin. With wear and an increase in bearing clearance the load-bearing capacity of the oil wedge decreases and there is a risk of semi-dry friction and progressive wear. The fatigue strength and durability of the bearing is determined by the temperature of antifriction layer of the lower (support) liner’s part, for the measurement of which a temperature control system was developed. For continuous monitoring of bearings technical condition, the Bearing Wear Monitoring System has shown high efficiency, which measures the combined physical wear of frame crank and crosshead bearings, providing early warning of an increase in the wear rate of liners.
Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index: A Comparison Study of Success Rates among Natural, Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) and In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)-Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Pregnancy Programs
Authors: Lestari Silvia Werdhy , Eva Zakiyah  , Gita Pratama  
Published: June 2022

Background: Some studies have reported a relationship between the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and the rate of fertilization and pregnancy. This study was designed to assess the mean sperm DNA fragmentation in pregnancies that occur in infertile couples, whether in natural pregnancy, intrauterine insemination (IUI), and in vitro fertilization (IVF) – intra cytoplasmic injection (ICSI).
Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample taken in this study were infertile patients that underwent natural pregnancy or IUI or IVF-ICSI at Yasmin Infertility Clinic of Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital period 2018-2020 with a consecutive sampling technique. The research data was processed and analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test using the SPSS application.
Results: The mean DFI of sperm in men with infertile couples who successfully conceived naturally was 10.7% (mild), while IUI was 20.4% (moderate), and IVF-ICSI was 30.5% (poor). The mean DFI in semen samples of men from infertile couples who underwent a natural program was significantly lower in those who successfully conceived compared to those who did not. Similar results were also shown in the IUI and IVF-ICSI programs, which showed a significantly lower DFI compared to non-pregnant women.
Conclusion: DFI can be applied as a marker for selecting the type of pregnancy program in infertility management.
Differential beta desynchronisation responses to dynamic emotional facial expressions are attenuated in higher trait anxiety and autism
Authors: Charidza Chengetai Alice , Gillmeister Helge 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDaily life demands that we differentiate between a multitude of emotional facial expressions (EFEs). The mirror neuron system (MNS) is becoming increasingly implicated as a neural network involved with understanding emotional body expressions. However, the specificity of the MNS’s involvement in emotion recognition has remained largely unexplored. This study investigated whether six basic dynamic EFEs (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise) would be differentiated through event-related desynchronisation (ERD) of sensorimotor alpha and beta oscillatory activity, which indexes sensorimotor MNS activity. We found that beta ERD differentiated happy, fearful, and sad dynamic EFEs at the central region of interest, but not at occipital regions. Happy EFEs elicited significantly greater central beta ERD relative to fearful and sad EFEs within 800 - 2,000 ms after EFE onset. These differences were source-localised to the primary somatosensory cortex, which suggests they are likely to reflect differential sensorimotor simulation rather than differential attentional engagement. Furthermore, individuals with higher trait anxiety showed less beta ERD differentiation between happy and sad faces. Similarly, individuals with higher trait autism showed less beta ERD differentiation between happy and fearful faces. These findings suggest that the differential simulation of specific affective states is attenuated in individuals with higher trait anxiety and autism. In summary, the MNS appears to support the skills needed for emotion processing in daily life, which may be influenced by certain individual differences. This provides novel evidence for the notion that simulation-based emotional skills may underlie the emotional difficulties that accompany affective disorders, such as anxiety.
HST STIS Observations of ζ Aurigae A's Irradiated Atmosphere
Authors: Harper Graham M. , Bennett Philip D. , Brown Alexander , Ayres Thomas R. , Ohnaka Keiichi , Griffin Elizabeth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The details of the processes responsible for heating the chromospheres of evolved cool stars remain uncertain. While most spectroscopic diagnostics measure spatially-integrated emission, here we examine diagnostics sensitive to localized atmospheric regions that are specific to cool evolved stars in binary systems with hot main-sequence companions: emission from Si i and C i resulting from the ultraviolet irradiation of the evolved star’s atmosphere. HST Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) high-spectral-resolution near-ultraviolet observations of ζ Aurigae A+B (K4 Ib + B5 V) were obtained at three orbital phases, including total eclipse, to search for Si i and the corresponding C i line emission. Si i 2987.645 Å emission was detected at phases ϕ = .101 and .448 (from periastron) in-line with predictions from a previous study of optical Si i 3905 Å and Si i 4102 Å emission lines. No other Si i line emission is apparent, and the analogous C i lines at 2478.561 Å and 2582.901 Å also are not detected. High-spectral-resolution HST STIS and Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph spectra confirm the results of a previous study that showed that the intrinsic chromospheric fluxes on the visible hemisphere of ζ Aur A, observed during total eclipse, are representative of the single K supergiant λ Vel (K4 Ib). Furthermore, the HST spectra show that the chromospheric turbulent velocities are very close to those in this spectral-type proxy. These combined results highlight the importance of detailed spatially-resolved chromospheric models of ζ Aur systems, based on sequences of atmospheric eclipse spectra, to help constrain the poorly understood mechanisms that heat the atmospheres and drive stellar winds in cool evolved stars.
Y Gem: A White Dwarf Symbiotic Star?
Authors: Yu Zhuo-li , Xu Xiao-jie , Shao Yong , Wang Q. Daniel , Li Xiang-Dong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this work we conduct a thorough investigation of the X-ray and ultraviolet (UV) properties of Y Gem based on six archival XMM-Newton and Chandra observations to explore the nature of the system. The results show that Y Gem has strong (1032–34 erg s−1) X-ray emission, including a hard (with a maximum emission temperature of 8–16 keV) and a soft (with emission temperatures of 0.02–0.2 and 0.2–0.9 keV) component. The integrated UV luminosity of Y Gem reaches ∼1035 erg s−1. We show that the previous asymptotic giant branch-main-sequence (AGB-MS) Roche-lobe overflow (RLOF) scenario is dynamically unstable and can hardly explain the ∼10 keV X-ray emission temperature. We propose Y Gem as a symbiotic star, where a white dwarf (WD) accretes from its AGB companion based on its X-ray and UV properties. We make numerical simulations to examine the evolutionary history of this system. The simulations can produce the observed properties of Y Gem in the wind WRLOF scenario. An ∼0.8M
⊙ WD with a ∼1.0–1.8M
⊙ companion in a ∼2000–32,000 day initial orbit may evolve to a Y Gem-like system. Our finding implies a potential population of symbiotic stars that may have been misclassified as AGB-MS binaries. What is more, their high mass accretion rates may enable mass accumulation to the WD and makes them candidates of Type Ia supernovae progenitors.
Determining the Spectral Content of MOSES Images
Authors: Parker Jacob D. , Kankelborg Charles C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Multi-Order Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrograph (MOSES) sounding rocket was launched from White Sands Missile Range on 2006 February 8th, to capture images of the Sun in the He ii 303.8 Å emission line. MOSES is a slitless spectrograph that forms images in multiple spectral orders simultaneously using a concave diffraction grating in an effort to measure line profiles over a wide field of view from a single exposure. Early work on MOSES data showed evidence of solar features composed of neither He ii 303.8 Å nor the nearby Si xi 303.3 Å spectral lines. We have built a forward model that uses cotemporal EIT images and the Chianti atomic database to fit synthetic images with known spectra to the MOSES data in order to quantify this additional spectral content. Our fit reveals a host of dim lines that alone are insignificant but combined contribute a comparable intensity to MOSES images as Si xi 303.3 Å. In total, lines other than He ii 303.8 Å and Si xi 303.3 Å contribute approximately 10% of the total intensity in the MOSES zero order image. This additional content, if not properly accounted for, could significantly impact the analysis of MOSES and similar slitless spectrograph data, especially those using a zero-order (undispersed) image. More broadly, this serves as a reminder that multilayer EUV imagers are sensitive to a host of weak contaminant lines.
EstrellaNueva: An Open-source Software to Study the Interactions and Detection of Neutrinos Emitted by Supernovae
Authors: González-Reina O. I. , Rumleskie J. , Vázquez-Jáuregui E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Supernovae emit large fluxes of neutrinos, which can be detected by detectors on Earth. Future multi-kiloton scale detectors will be sensitive to several neutrino interaction channels, with thousands of events expected if a supernova emerges in the galaxy neighborhood. There are a limited number of tools to study the interaction rates of supernova neutrinos, although a plethora of available supernova models exist. EstrellaNueva is an open-source software to calculate expected rates of supernova neutrinos in detectors using target materials with typical compositions, and additional compositions can be easily added. This software considers the flavor transformation of neutrinos in the supernova through the adiabatic Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect, and their interaction in detectors through several channels. Most of the interaction cross sections, such as neutrino–electron and neutrino–proton elastic scattering, inverse beta decay, and coherent elastic neutrino–nucleus scattering, have been analytically implemented. This software provides a link between supernova simulations and the expected events in detectors by calculating fluences and event rates in order to ease any comparison between theory and observation. It provides a simple and standalone tool to explore many physics scenarios, offering an option to add analytical cross sections and define any target material.
Proliferation protection of uranium due to the presence of U-232 decay products as intense sources of hard gamma radiation
Authors: Kulikov Gennady G. , Shmelev Anatoly N. , Apse Vladimir A. , Kulikov Evgeny G. 
Published: June 2022

The objectives of the article are (1) to show the nuclear and physical causes of hard γ-quanta in the U-232 decay chain, (2) to propose tactics for handling uranium containing U-232, and (3) to assess the efficiency of its protective γ-barrier against uncontrolled proliferation.
The authors show the general picture of the decay chains of U-232 nuclide transformations, on which the protection of uranium from its uncontrolled proliferation is based. During the decay of nuclei, their emission of α- or β-particles is only the first stage of the most complex process of rearrangement of both the internal structure of the nucleus itself, which consists in the rearrangement of the neutron and proton shells and the levels of its excitation, and in the rearrangement of the electron shells of the atom. As a rule, the daughter nucleus is in a highly excited state, which is removed by the emission of hard γ-quanta and internal conversion electrons. After the second case, the remaining excitation of the atom is removed by the emission of characteristic γ-quanta and Auger-electrons with characteristic γ-quanta.
In addition, explanations are given for the quantum-mechanical reasons for the hard γ-radiation of Tl-208 and Bi-212, which complete the U-232 decay chain.
The authors also proposed a tactic for handling uranium containing uranium-232. Since the hard γ-quanta of Tl-208 and Bi-212 appear only at the end of the U-232 decay chain, after its chemical purification from its decay products, U-232 itself does not pose a radiation hazard; therefore, at this time it is advisable to conduct all necessary operations for transporting the material to the plant, fabricating uranium-based fuel containing U-232, and transporting this fuel to the nuclear facility where it will be used.
Retour sur soixante ans de pensée du développement en actes en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Courade Georges 
Published: June 2022

Le développement - pensé et pratiqué - en Afrique constitua un bouillon de culture pour développeurs et développés pendant six décennies, lors des tentatives de rattrapage voire de déconnexion ou lors de la mondialisation récente. Tous les secteurs et acteurs y furent assujettis. Engagements, développement parachuté ou essais de participation ont débouché sur la débrouille ou les start-up portant les pays de la « bonne gouvernance » vers l’émergence. Si elle sut prendre le pouls du malade, la recherche peina à donner le la pour la marche vers le développement, si bien qu’elle revint à ses fondamentaux disciplinaires. Cela constitue-t-il une opportunité pour l’Afrique de devenir un laboratoire vivant ?
Liberté, autonomie, liberté… fantasme ou réalité ?
Authors: Zielinski Agata 
Published: June 2022

À travers les différents aspects de la liberté — l’autonomie, l’autodétermination, la créativité, la liberté existentielle —, nous faisons l’expérience d’un certain nombre de limites. Il est intéressant de penser ensemble la liberté et les limites dont nous faisons l’expérience dans l’exercice de notre liberté. En effet, je ne sais pas toujours ce que je veux ; je veux une chose et son contraire ; je ne peux pas toujours faire ce que je veux. Il est important de laisser une place aux ambivalences et à l’interdépendance.
Partidos spin-off, partidos nicho y derecha radical: El caso de Vox en España
Authors: Garrido Rubia Antonio , Martínez Rodríguez M. Antonia , Mora-Rodríguez Alberto 
Published: June 2022

Los estudios publicados sobre VOX se han centrado en el análisis del perfil de sus votantes, la lógica de su ideología y sus relaciones con la derecha radical. El presente trabajo pretende ser una aportación al estudio de este partido analizando sus diferencias con los partidos nicho, característicos de la derecha radical europea. Con este fin, el estudio desarrolla la categoría analítica de los partidos spin-off, su origen, su tipo de liderazgo y su estrategia de múltiples issues en lugar de un solo issue, como los partidos nicho. Asimismo, desarrolla el análisis de la porosidad y trasvase de líderes y votantes entre VOX y sus competidores, especialmente el PP, así como la estrategia de contención de los partidos mainstream para hacer frente al éxito electoral del partido spin-off.
Comparison of Structures Used to Estimate Age and Growth of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout
Authors: Quist Michael C. , McCarrick Darcy K. , Harris Lynsey M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Understanding age and growth of fishes is critical for making meaningful management decisions. Obtaining useful information is dependent on using the best structure (e.g., scale, otolith). The objective of this study was to evaluate precision and reader confidence in age estimates from sagittal otoliths (i.e., whole, sectioned) and scales for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri collected from Henrys Lake, Idaho. We also sought to compare growth estimates among structures sampled during annual gill net surveys in May 2019 and 2020. We removed sagittal otoliths and scales from 416 Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout. Two readers without prior knowledge of fish length independently aged scales, whole otoliths, and sectioned otoliths. Each reader also provided a confidence rating of 0 (not confident) to 3 (completely confident). Percent exact agreement between readers was highest for sectioned otoliths (85.3%), followed by scales (68.5%) and whole otoliths (66.1%). Average confidence rating was highest for sectioned (mean ± SD = 2.2 ± 0.6) and whole (1.4 ± 0.5) otoliths and lowest for scales (1.0 ± 0.2). Among structures, percent exact agreement (i.e., consensus age) was highest between whole and sectioned otoliths (66.7%), followed by scales and sectioned otoliths (58.9%). Exact agreement was lowest between scales and whole otoliths (51.2%). Differences in back-calculated length at age estimates between sectioned otoliths and scales were minimal, particularly for ages 1–4. Although sectioned otoliths required more time to prepare than scales or whole otoliths, sectioned otoliths produced the most precise age estimates for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout, with the highest reader confidence.
Efficacy of gabapentin for low back pain at a tertiary hospital
Authors: Subramanian Navaneetha Krishnan , Ramesh Chandra V V , Elumalai Karthikeyan , Palei Narahari N , Kusuma Tiruveedi , Prasad Vadlamuri Venkata , Phani Yellanti Bala Venkata Bhargav , Sai Mungara Yeshwanth , Battula Pradeep , Balaji Anna 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To assess the efficacy of gabapentin in the treatment of low back pain patients.

Methods:
This prospective observational study was conducted over 6 months to assess the efficacy of gabapentin in patients suffering from low back pain. Past medical history, pain severity by Visual Analogue scale (VAS) and sleep quality by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) were collected. VAS scores and PQSI scores before and after gabapentin treatment were compared, and gabapentin satisfaction post treatment were recorded.

Results:
This study included 100 low back pain patients with 65 males and 35 females, and the mean age was (39.0±10.5) years. The commonest presentation was non-radiating low back pain (40%). The mean VAS score and the mean PQSI score in the study before treatment were 7.70±1.91 and 10.95±5.02, respectively. After treatment with gabapentin, the mean VAS score and the mean PQSI score decreased to 2.75±1.79 and 4.90±2.20, respectively, and the differences before and after the treatment were significantly different (both P=0.001). Overall, 62% of the patients were extremely satisfied with gabapentin because they reported no adverse drug reaction. Besides, 31% of the patients were satisfied and 7%were strongly dissatisfied with the therapy.

Conclusion:
Gabapentin can improve sleep quality and reduce lower back pain as measured by the VAS and PQSI. The efficacy of this drug is relatively good, but further improvement is required.