bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote the stemness and progression of renal cell carcinoma via exosomal miR-181d-5p
Authors: Guo Hongqian , Ding Meng , Zhao Xiaozhi , Chen Xiaoqing , Diao Wenli , Kan Yansheng , Cao Wenmin , Chen Wei , Jiang Bo , Qin Haixiang , Gao Jie , Zhuang Junlong , Zhang Qing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the effects of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on cancer stemness and tumor progression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have not been elucidated yet. In the present study, we found that the enrichment of CAFs was positively associated with tumor progression and cancer stemness in RCC. Further investigation revealed that CAFs could enhance cancer stemness through delivering exosomes to RCC cells, and miR-181d-5p was identified as the critical exosomal miRNA in CAF secreted exosomes by small RNA sequencing and subsequent screening assays. Mechanistically, exosomal miR-181d-5p transferred from CAFs to RCC cells directly suppressed the expression of ring finger protein 43 (RNF43) and activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus promoted cancer stemness and tumor progression. Overexpression of RNF43 strongly suppressed stemness properties and the effects could be reverted by miR-181d-5p. Overall, our findings revealed a crucial mechanism by which CAFs secreted exosomal miRNAs to enhance cancer stemness and thus promote RCC progression, suggesting a new avenue based on CAF secreted miRNAs for more effective targeted therapies.
Application value of antibody titer and RNA detection in the early prediction of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: A retrospective study
Authors: tuo wenbin , Guo Xia , Wu Mo , Xie Si , Shen Xin , Wang Jun , Cai Qinzhen , Yuan Chunhui , Yao Cong , Xiang Yun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) are prone to missed diagnosis at the early stages of the disease, which greatly affects the prognosis of children. In this study, the application value of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae, MP) antibody titer and RNA detection for diagnosing MP infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were evaluated. Seeking to appropriate detection methods and strategies for the early rapid diagnosis in children with MPP.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 563 pediatric patients with CAP who were admitted to Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between July 2021 to February 2022. In all patients, pharyngeal swabs were collected for MP-RNA detection (simultaneous amplification and testing, SAT), and paired serum samples were collected for MP antibody titers testing (particle agglutination, PA).Results: Among the 563 cases with pneumonia, 187 cases were in the MPP group and 376 cases were in the non-MPP group. The Kappa values between antibody agglutination test at different titers (1:80, 1:160) and MP-RNA detection were 0.612 and 0.660 (P＜0.01), and the consistency of the three methods was acceptable. when the single screening method was used, MP-RNA had the highest sensitivity (93.05%), while PA (1:160) had the highest specificity (100%), PA (1:80) with the AUC of 0.822 was better than PA (1:160) with the AUC of 0.783, and there was a significant difference. When the combined screening methods were used, the AUC of MP-RNA parallel PA (1:160) was significantly higher than that under titer (1:80) (z=-4.906, P < 0.01). Expert for MP-80, the efficacy of other three test methods in women was slightly better than that in men. Among the differences in age distribution, PA (1:80) was slightly less effective at 13~72 age group than at other ages, MP-RNA parallel PA (1:160) was slightly better than the younger age group (≤ 36 m) in the older age group (>36 m), PA (1:160) was just the opposite, while MP-RNA was slightly better than other age groups in the 13-72 age group.Conclusions: For the diagnosis of MPP in children at the early of the disease, the antibody titer (1:160) parallel MP-RNA should be given preference, and then further classified according to the antibody titer level and the age of the child. The combined application of the two detection methods could complement each other and strengthen the advantages, providing reliable laboratory evidence for the clinical diagnosis and timely treatment of MPP. When using PA method alone to provide reference standard to clarify MP infection, the differential diagnosis ability of 1:80 for MPP is better than 1:160, especially for children younger than 36 months.
Evaluation of the socioprofessional consequences of thoracic outlet syndrome
Authors: Logiou Charlotte , Demondion Xavier , Tiffreau Vincent , Wieczorek Valérie , Thevenon André 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a ductal syndrome that can have a significant functional impact. Various studies have highlighted positional factors and repetitive movements as risk factors for the development of TOS. However, there are few literature data on the socioprofessional consequences of TOS. Methods: We performed a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, multicentre study of workers having received a Doppler ultrasound diagnosis of TOS between December 17th, 2018, and March 16th, 2021. Immediately after their diagnosis, patients completed a self-questionnaire on the impact of TOS on their work activities. We assessed the frequency of TOS-related difficulties at work and the associated socioprofessional consequences. Trial Registration Number (TRN) is NCT03780647 and date of registration December 18, 2018. Results: Eighty-two participants (95.3%) reported difficulties at work. Seventy-seven of the participants with difficulties (94%) worked in the tertiary sector; these difficulties were due to prolonged maintenance of a posture, carrying loads, and repetitive movements. Although the majority of participants experienced organizational problems and lacked support at work, few of them had approached support organizations, expert and/or healthcare professionals. Conclusions: TOS was almost always associated with difficulties at work. However, poor awareness of sources of help or a perceived lack of need may discourage people with TOS from taking steps to resolve these difficulties. It is clear that the socioprofessional management of TOS requires significant improvements.
Early-life stress biases responding to negatively valenced stimuli and increases amygdala volume and vulnerability to later-life stress
Authors: Dalley Jeff , Dutcher Ethan , Lopez-Cruz Laura , Pama Ewa , Lynall Mary-Ellen , Bevers Iris , Jones Jolyon , Khan Shahid , Sawiak Stephen , Milton Amy , Clatworthy Menna , Robbins Trevor , Bullmore Edward 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Early-life stress (ELS) or adversity, particularly in the form of childhood neglect and abuse, is associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes in adulthood. However, whether these relationships are mediated by the consequences of ELS itself or by other exposures that frequently co-occur with ELS is unclear. To address this question, we carried out a longitudinal study in rats to isolate the effects of ELS on regional brain volumes and behavioral phenotypes relevant to anxiety and depression. We used the repeated maternal separation (RMS) model of chronic ELS, and conducted behavioral measurements throughout adulthood, including of probabilistic reversal learning (PRL), responding on a progressive ratio task, sucrose preference, novelty preference, novelty reactivity, and putative anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus maze. Our behavioral assessment was combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for quantitation of regional brain volumes at three time points: immediately following RMS, young adulthood without further stress, and late adulthood with further stress. We found that RMS caused long-lasting, sexually dimorphic biased responding to negatively-valenced stimuli on the PRL task. RMS also slowed response time on the PRL task, but without this directly impacting task performance. RMS animals were also uniquely sensitive to a second stressor, which further slowed and biased their responding on the PRL task. MRI at the time of the adult stress revealed a larger amygdala volume in RMS animals compared with controls. These behavioral and neurobiological effects persisted well into adulthood despite a lack of effects on conventional tests of ‘depression-like’ and ‘anxiety-like’ behavior, and a lack of any evidence of anhedonia. Our findings indicate that ELS has long-lasting cognitive and neurobehavioral effects that interact with stress in adulthood and may have relevance for understanding the etiology of anxiety and depression in humans.
Ultrahigh Quantum Efficiencies from Photon Multiple-Fission in Yb3+ Clusters
Authors: Qin Weiping , Li Dagaung , Liu Zhenyu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Quantum cutting (QC) is a process that can split one high-energy photon into two or more low-energy photons.1-4 As an attractive mechanism, it has been extensively explored for acquiring high quantum efficiency (QE) of more than 100%.5-8 Here, we report the first experimental observation of multiphoton QC with ultrahigh QEs in CaF2:Yb polycrystalline. Under 266 nm excitation, an internal quantum efficiency as high as ~285% was achieved, indicating that one ultraviolet (UV) photon was split into more than two ~1000 nm near infrared (NIR) photons. Photovoltaic experiments demonstrated that the polycrystalline increased the output power of a polycrystalline silicon solar cell by more than 200% in the case of 266 nm irradiation. Spectral analysis confirmed that the ultrahigh QE originated from efficient cooperative absorptions of Yb-tetramers and Yb-trimers and individual emission of single Yb3+ ions. This study provides a promising approach for improving spectral response of silicon solar cells and detectors in the UV region.
Retrospective Investigation of the Morpometric Anatomy of the Occipital Condyle, Hypoglossal Canal and its Surroundings in Turkish Populaton with CBCT
Authors: EVLİ Cengiz , KOLSUZ Mehmet Eray , ORHAN Kaan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to examine morphometrically the occipital condyle and surrounding structures, which is an important region in terms of surgery and forensic medicine, and to evaluate the change of mean values according to gender and age; it is also the evaluation of the correlation of the measurements made.
Methods
1 80 (90 men, 90 women ) CBCT images selected from the archive of Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry. Occipital Condyle length and width, Hypoglossal Canal-Basion distance, Hypoglossal Canal-Opistion distance, Hypoglossal Canal - Occipital Condyle anterior and posterior border distance, Occipital Condyle thickness, Hypoglossal Canal length, the widest diameter of Hypoglossal Canal, the narrowest diameter of the Hypoglossal Canal, the length of the Jugular Tubercle, the width of the Jugular Tubercle, the anterior intercondylar distance, the posterior intercondylar distance, and the Foramen Magnum index were measured. At the same time, the presence of septum or spicule in the hypoglossal canal and protrusion of the occipital condyle were evaluated. The relationship of age, gender, anterior and posterior intercondylar distance, and foramen magnum index measurements with all measurements were examined.
Results
Men's measurements were found to be significantly higher than women's measurements.
Conclusion
When our results are evaluated, it is seen that our values are generally close to the studies on CT. Considering that CBCT images can be obtained with lower radiation and lower cost compared to CT, it is thought that CBCT can be used as an alternative to CT for this region.
Modeling Community COVID-19 Transmission Risk Associated with U.S. Universities
Authors: Uelmen J. A. , Kopsco Heather , Mori Jameson , Brown William , Smith Rebecca 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is among the worst in recent history, resulting in excess of 520,000,000 cases and 6,200,000 deaths worldwide. The United States has recently surpassed 1,000,000 deaths. Individuals who are elderly and/or immunocompromised are the most susceptible to serious sequelae. Rising sentiment often implicates younger, less-vulnerable populations as primary introducers of COVID-19 to communities, particularly around colleges and universities. This research seeks to evaluate the potential role of college students, measured as total university enrollment, in overall community-level age-adjusted COVID-19 case and mortality rate within each American county. From January 1, 2020 through March 31, 2021, a total of 22,385,335 cases and 374,130 deaths were reported to the CDC. Adjusting for more than 32 key socio-demographic, economic, and epidemiologic variables, we implemented regression and factor analytic methods to determine the overall infection and mortality susceptibility for each county and key factors associated with case and mortality rates. Overall, counties with increasing numbers of university enrollment showed significantly lower case rates and marginal decreases in mortality rates. Contrary to common sentiment, our findings demonstrate that counties with high university enrollments may be more adherent to public safety measures and vaccinations, likely contributing to safer communities.
Transcriptome Analysis of Knockout Mutants of Rice Seed Dormancy Gene OsVP1 and Sdr4
Authors: Chen Wenqiang , Liu Dapu , Li Zhixin , Chen Kai , Luo Ju , Xu Jianlong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Seed dormancy and germination are critical agricultural traits influencing rice grain yield. Although there are some genes have previously identified, the comprehensive understanding on large-scale transcriptome is deficient. In this study, we generated mutants of two representative regulators of seed germination, Oryza sativa Viviparous1 ( OsVP1 ) and Seed dormancy 4 ( Sdr4 ), by CRISPR/Cas9 approach and named them cr-osvp1 and cr-sdr4 . The weakened dormancy of mutants indicated that the functions of OsVP1 and Sdr4 are required for normal early seed dormancy. In the transcriptome sequencing analysis, 4157 and 8285 DEGs were identified in cr-osvp1 vs. NIP and cr-sdr4 vs. NIP groups, respectively, with a large number of overlapped DEGs that have similar expression patterns in two groups. The GO and KEGG enrichments showed that genes related to carbohydrate metabolic, nucleoside metabolic, amylase activity and plant hormone signal transduction were involved in the dormancy regulation. These results indicated that OsVP1 and Sdr4 play an important role in regulating seed dormancy that involved in multiple metabolism and regulatory pathways. The systematic analysis of the transcriptional level changes provides theoretical basis for the research of seed dormancy and germination in rice.
Tricultured cell sheets develop into functional pancreatic islet tissue with a vascular network
Authors: Sekine Hidekazu , Homma Jun , Shimizu Tatsuya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Methods to induce islet β-cells from induced pluripotent stem cells or embryonic stem cells have been established. However, islet β-cells are susceptible to apoptosis under hypoxic conditions, so the technique used to transplant β-cells must maintain the viability of the cells in vivo. The present study describes the development of a tricultured cell sheet, which was made by co-culturing islet β-cells, vascular endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells for 1 day. The islet β-cells in the tricultured cell sheet self-organized into islet-like structures surrounded by a dense vascular network in vitro. Triple-layered tricultured cell sheets engrafted well after transplantation in vivo and developed into insulin-secreting tissue with abundant blood vessels and a high density of islet β-cells. We anticipate that the tricultured cell sheet could be used as an in vitro pseudo-islet model for pharmaceutical testing and may have potential for development into transplantable grafts for use in regenerative medicine.
Structure and dynamics of a duplex-embedded G-quadruplex system resolved to 7.4 Å resolution by cryo-EM and SAXS
Authors: Monsen Robert , Chua Eugene , Hopkins Jesse , Chaires Jonathan , Trent John 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Genomic regions with high guanine content fold into non-B form DNA four-stranded structures known as G-quadruplexes (G4s). Extensive in vivo investigations have revealed that promoter G4s are transcriptional regulators. Little structural information exists for these G4s embedded within duplexes, their presumed genomic environment. Here we report the structure and dynamics of a 28 kDa duplex-G4-duplex (DGD) model system using cryo-EM, molecular dynamics, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies, resolved to 7.4 Å. The DGD structural ensemble features a 49-67° bend induced by a stacked duplex-G4 interaction at the 5’ G-tetrad interface with a persistently unstacked 3’ duplex and poly dT surrogate-complement loop. Structural analysis shows that the DGD model is quantifiably more druggable than the monomeric G4 structure alone and represents a new structural drug target. Our results illustrate how the integration of cryo-EM, MD, and SAXS can reveal complementary detailed static and dynamic structural information on DNA G4 systems.
Environmentally friendly synthesis of bimetallic Ag-Cu/graphitic carbon nitride for Photocatalytic degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbon Side product liberated from the petrochemical industry
Authors: Blall Elsayed G. , Abdou HOSSAM A. , Ezzat Abbas A. , Shokry Fathy , Mahmoud Amira S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
1,2-Dichloroethane(DCE) is one of the maximum critical chlorinated unstable natural pollution in waste liquid and has been indexed as a tough pollutant via way of means of numerous regulatory groups global. It is substantially used as a precursor with inside the petrochemical corporation to provide vinyl chloride monomers for the manufacturing of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In this study, g-C3N4 photocatalysts synthesized by traditional thermal polycondensation methods have small specific surface areas and wide band gaps; these defects severely suppress the photocatalytic activity. Our research has focused on the optimization and modification of g-C3N4. by doping some bimetallic elements such as Ag and Cu Bimetals which alter the photochemical properties of g-C3N4, in particular, narrow the band gap and expand photoabsorption into the visible range, which improves the photocatalytic performance. quantum efficiencies, illumination area and increasing specific power irradiance. The tendencies of synthesized Ag-Cu/C3N4 have been showing the use of FTIR, XRD, EDX, and TEM strategies. This confirms the presence of enormous shapes with inside the shape of quantum dots and a 2-D Nanosheet. The degradation of DCE changed into showed through the dimension of UV-Visible spectra of degradable product and indicated the pseudo-first-order-kinetic response. Another sturdy indication of deterioration of DCE is the measuring of Cl ion liberated from degradation via titration.
Production of Biomass Pellets from Sawdust to Enhance Fuel Efficiency
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mostafizur , Haque Md. Aminul , Akter Nargis , Jamal Mohammad Shah , Hossain Mosharof 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Providing energy security for sustainable rural development biomass pellets are the major contributor to the bioenergy sector. The higher heating value of woody biomass pellets has encouraged much commercial utilization in the present rapidly growing industrial-economic world. Commercially available biomass sawdust-like Gurjan Balsam (Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaertn.), White Siris (Albizia lucida), Cadamba (Neolamarckia cadamba), Tamarind (Tatoul markarian), Blackberry (Acacia acuminate), Mango (Mangifera indica), Raintree (Samanea saman), and Lambu (Swietenia hybrida) are opened up huge opportunities in the bioenergy sector. Eight wood sawdust samples investigated the heating value with the increasing pressure in the range of 6 kN to 20 kN. The height heating value was achieved at the pressure for Tamarind sawdust (14221.66 kJ/kg ± 0.84%) which possesses 6.53 ± 0.23% of moisture content. Gurjan Balsam with the highest moisture content (32.28 ± 0.14%) produced the lowest heating value (11260.09 kJ/kg ± 0.32%).
Systematic food-borne disease prevention and risk management based upon infection mechanism
Authors: Liu Ran , Zhao Lindu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A dynamic system with 3 levels of risk management is developed to prevent the spreading of food-borne disease among populations with consideration of the secondary infection. Compare the effect of factors such as information quality, time-delay and periodic factor. It shows that infection mechanism increases the severity of the epidemic manifested by larger number of dormant and visible population at each stage. The risks of the susceptible and exposed populations are significantly magnified in the course of infection mechanism which promotes the probability of transform of dormant population into visible diseased population. The infection mechanism reduces the risk of the diseased population. The increase of the time-delay and periodic factor increases the risk of food-borne disease, while the increase of information quality reduces the risk. Curbing the infectiousness, reducing information delay time and cycle time, improving information quality, the prevalence of food-borne disease can be controlled or prevented.
Transitioning of Protein Substitutes for Patients with Phenylketonuria: Evaluation of Current Practice
Authors: Yilmaz Ozlem , Pinto Alex , Daly Anne , Ashmore Catherine , Evans Sharon , Ayhan Nurcan Yabanci , MacDonald Anita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
In children with phenylketonuria (PKU), transitioning protein substitutes at the appropriate developmental age is essential to help with their long-term acceptance and ease of administration. We assessed the parental experiences in transitioning from a second stage to third stage liquid or powdered protein substitute in patients with PKU.
Results
Sixteen interviews (23 open-ended questions) were carried out with parents/caregivers of children with PKU (8 females, 50%) with a median age of 8 years (range 5–11 years), continuously treated with diet, and on a third stage protein substitute. Parents/caregivers identified common facilitators and barriers during the third stage protein substitute transition process. The main facilitators were: child and parent motivation, parent knowledge of the transition process, a role model with PKU, low volume and easy preparation of the third stage protein substitute (liquid/powder), anticipation of increasing child independence, lower parent workload, attractive packaging, better taste and smell, school and teacher support, dietetic plans and guidance, PKU social events, child educational materials and written resources. The main barriers were child aversion to new protein substitutes, poor child behaviour, child aged > 5 years, parental fear of change, required parental time and persistence, loss of parental control, high product volume, different taste, smell, and texture of new protein substitute, and peer bullying.
Conclusion
A stepwise, supportive approach is necessary when transitioning from second stage to third stage protein substitutes. Future studies are needed to develop guidance to assist parents/caregivers, health professionals, and teachers during the transition process.