bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The True Location of Kapilavastu
Authors: Mishra Ramakanta 
Published: May 2022

After discovery of the Pāḍariyā pillar inscription in 1896, it has been generally believed that the spot of Buddha’s birth was situated very close to the location of that inscribed pillar. It is because the inscription contains the words, ‘here was born Buddha, the Sakyamuni’. Furthermore, it has been believed that this inscription was meant to record the pilgrimage of King Aśoka to Lumbinī. Actually, these beliefs are the result of wrong interpretation of the inscription. Moreover, Pāḍariyā differs in respect of many vital points from the narratives of Lumbinī’s location, which are found in the travel accounts of the Chinese Pilgrims and in Buddhist scriptures. These clearly indicate that the identification of Pāḍariyā with Lumbinī was a mistake. Śrāvastī district or Kośala has been described by Fa-hien as a country of Mid-India. This means that Kapilavastu, situated about 100 miles southeast of śrāvastī, should also be in Mid-India. Many Buddhist texts too describe Kapilavastu as being situated in Kośala and in Mid-India. If Kapilavastu was situated in Mid-India and at the same time was situated in the country of Kośala, then it means that it was situated in the Kośala of Mid-India. Out of the two Kośalas which existed in the past, North and South, it is South-Kośala which was situated in Mid-India. This forms the basis of the hypothesis that Kapilavastu should have been situated in South-Kośala region. This South-Kośala hypothesis leads to entirely new places, Kapilabhata and Limpara, being proposed to be identified with Kapilavastu and Lumbinī.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Informal and Formal Advance Care Planning Among U.S. Older Adults
Authors: Lenko Rachel , Voepel-Lewis Terri , Robinson-Lane Sheria G. , Silveira Maria J. , Hoffman Geoffrey J. 
Published: May 2022

Objective To examine advance care planning (ACP) trends among an increasingly diverse aging population, we compared informal and formal ACP use by race/ethnicity among U.S. older adults (≤65 years). Methods We used Health and Retirement Study data (2012–2018) to assess relationships between race/ethnicity and ACP type (i.e., no ACP, informal ACP only, formal ACP only, or both ACP types). We reported adjusted risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic respondents were 1.77 (1.60, 1.96) and 1.76 (1.55, 1.99) times as likely, respectively, to report no ACP compared to non-Hispanic White respondents. Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic respondents were 0.74 (0.71, 0.78) and 0.74 (0.69, 0.80) times as likely, respectively, to report using both ACP types as non-Hispanic White respondents. Discussion Racial/ethnic differences in ACP persist after controlling for a variety of barriers to and facilitators of ACP which may contribute to disparities in end-of-life care.
A Survey on Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Elements in Cleft Palate Repair
Authors: Grabar Christina , Fligor Jennifer , Kanack Melissa , Walsh Juleah , Kim Joe , Vyas Raj 
Published: May 2022

This study aims to characterize current use, knowledge, and attitude toward ERAS protocols by academic craniofacial surgeons. Craniofacial surgeons were provided with electronic surveys. Electronic survey; Institutional tertiary surgeons. 102 cleft palate surgeons surveyed and 31 completed the survey (30.4%). None. Respondents rated their knowledge, use, and willingness to implement perioperative interventions modeled after adult ERAS protocols. Majority (67.7%) rated they were knowledgeable about ERAS. However, 61.3% “never use” a standardized protocol for cleft palate surgery. Only 3 ERAS elements are currently implemented by a majority of cleft surgeons: avoiding prolonged perioperative fasting (67.7%), using hypothermia prevention measures (74.2%), and minimizing use of opioids (62.5%). A large majority of respondents noted they never administer bolus (71.0%) or infusion (80.6%) dosing of tranexamic acid; most of these surgeons also indicated that administering tranexamic acid “would not be a valuable addition” (67.7% and 71.0%, respectively). Short-acting sedatives are used by 12.9% and by 16.1% of surgeons in all patients during extubation and postoperative recovery, respectively. By contrast, 22.6% never use such agents during extubation and 48.4% never use it during postoperative recovery. Overall, 67.7% of respondents replied that they would be willing to implement an ERAS protocol for cleft palate repair. Many respondents report using interventions compatible with an ERAS approach and the majority are willing to implement an ERAS protocol for cleft palate repair.
Comparison of the H:Q Ratio Between the Dominant and Nondominant Legs of Soccer Players: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Lutz Fabian D. , Cleary Christopher J. , Moffatt Hannah M. , Sullivan Violet E. , LaRoche Dain P. , Cook Summer B. 
Published: May 2022

Context: Soccer players often have a dominant (D) leg, which could influence the relative strength between the quadriceps and hamstrings. The hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) ratio can be assessed on a dynamometer at various velocities to provide information on injury risk. Objective: To assess the concentric hamstrings and concentric quadriceps strength ratio (conventional H:Q ratio) assessed in D and nondominant (ND) legs at various speeds in male soccer players. Data Sources: A systematic literature search was completed from inception to 2020 in PubMed, Academic Search Ultimate, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus. Study Selection: Keywords associated with the H:Q ratio were connected with terms for soccer players. Titles and abstracts were screened by 2 reviewers based on inclusion and exclusion criteria related to sex, playing level, language, and measurement. A total of 81 studies were reviewed and 17 studies (21%) were used. Study Design: A meta-analysis with random effects modeling generated standardized mean differences with 95% CIs between legs and speeds. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: A total of 38 cohorts were identified, with 14, 13, and 11 cohorts assessed at low, intermediate, and high velocities, respectively. The Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies from the National Institutes of Health was used. Results: The mean H:Q ratio at low velocities was 59.8 ± 9.5% in D leg and 58.6 ± 9.9% in ND leg, 64.2 ± 10.7% (D) and 63.6 ± 11.3% (ND) at the intermediate velocity, and 71.9 ± 12.7% (D) and 72.8 ± 12.7% (ND) at the high velocity. Low, intermediate, and high velocities had small effects of 0.13, 0.10, and -0.06, respectively. Conclusion: Conventional H:Q ratios vary across velocities but did not differ between D and ND limbs in male soccer players. This study may provide the foundation to establish norms and clinically meaningful differences.
Challenges in the development of digital public health interventions and mapped solutions: Findings from a scoping review
Authors: Iyamu Ihoghosa , Gómez-Ramírez Oralia , Xu Alice XT , Chang Hsiu-Ju , Watt Sarah , Mckee Geoff , Gilbert Mark 
Published: May 2022

Background“Digital public health” has emerged from an interest in integrating digital technologies into public health. However, significant challenges which limit the scale and extent of this digital integration in various public health domains have been described. We summarized the literature about these challenges and identified strategies to overcome them.MethodsWe adopted Arksey and O’Malley's framework (2005) integrating adaptations by Levac et al. (2010). OVID Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and 14 government and intergovernmental agency websites were searched using terms related to “digital” and “public health.” We included conceptual and explicit descriptions of digital technologies in public health published in English between 2000 and June 2020. We excluded primary research articles about digital health interventions. Data were extracted using a codebook created using the European Public Health Association's conceptual framework for digital public health.Results and analysisOverall, 163 publications were included from 6953 retrieved articles with the majority (64%, n = 105) published between 2015 and June 2020. Nontechnical challenges to digital integration in public health concerned ethics, policy and governance, health equity, resource gaps, and quality of evidence. Technical challenges included fragmented and unsustainable systems, lack of clear standards, unreliability of available data, infrastructure gaps, and workforce capacity gaps. Identified strategies included securing political commitment, intersectoral collaboration, economic investments, standardized ethical, legal, and regulatory frameworks, adaptive research and evaluation, health workforce capacity building, and transparent communication and public engagement.ConclusionDeveloping and implementing digital public health interventions requires efforts that leverage identified strategies to overcome diverse challenges encountered in integrating digital technologies in public health.
Association Between Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function With Postoperative Pain, Narcotics Consumption, and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Following Lumbar Microdiscectomy
Authors: Bovonratwet Patawut , Vaishnav Avani S. , Mok Jung K. , Urakawa Hikari , Dupont Marcel , Melissaridou Dimitra , Shahi Pratyush , Song Junho , Shinn Daniel J. , Dalal Sidhant S. , Araghi Kasra , Sheha Evan D. , Gang Catherine H. , Qureshi Sheeraz A. 
Published: May 2022

Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objective To determine association between preoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function (PROMIS-PF) scores with postoperative pain, narcotics consumption, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) following single-level lumbar microdiscectomy. Methods Consecutive patients who underwent single-level lumbar microdiscectomy were identified from May 2017–May 2020. Patients were grouped by their preoperative PROMIS-PF scores: mild disability (score≥40), moderate disability (score 30-39.9), and severe disability (score<30). Preoperative PROMIS-PF subgroups were tested for association with inpatient postoperative pain, total inpatient narcotics consumption, time to narcotic use cessation as well as improvements in postoperative PROMIS-PF, ODI, VAS-Leg Pain, VAS-Back Pain, SF-12 Physical Component Score (PCS), SF-12 Mental Component Score (MCS) at 2-, 6-, 12-weeks, 6-month, 1-year, 2-year follow-up. Results A total of 127 patients were included. Patients with greater disability reported higher inpatient maximum Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores ( P = .023) and total inpatient narcotics consumption ( P = .008) but no difference in time to narcotic cessation after surgery ( P = .373). However, patients with greater preoperative disability also demonstrated greater improvement from baseline in PROMIS-PF, ODI, SF-12 PCS, and SF-12 MCS at 2-week follow-up ( P < .05). These higher improvements from baseline for patients with greater preoperative disability were sustained for PROMIS-PF, ODI, and VAS-Leg Pain at 2-year follow-up ( P < .05) Conclusions Patients with greater preoperative disability, as measured by PROMIS-PF, had increased inpatient postoperative pain and narcotics consumption, but also higher improvement from baseline in long-term PROMs. This data can be utilized for patient counseling and setting expectations.
Paper 20: Clinical Outcomes and Return to Sport in Patients Undergoing Osteochondral Allograft
Authors: Markus Danielle , Blaeser Anna , Manjunath Amit , Duenes Matthew , Campbell Kirk , Jazrawi Laith , Strauss Eric , Hurley Eoghan 
Published: May 2022

Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and rates of return to play in patients who underwent an osteochondral allograft (OCA) procedure for a symptomatic osteochondral defect in the knee. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent an OCA for an osteochondral defect of the knee, between June 2011 and March 2019 was performed. Return to play, the level of return and the timing of return were assessed. Additionally, the reasons for being unable to return were evaluated. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Overall, there were 103 patients who underwent OCA at our institution and met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean age was 31.8 ± 11 years, and 63.9% were male, with a mean of 44.2 ± 23.3 month follow-up. The overall rate of return to play was found to be 63.1% (N=65), while the rate of RTP at the same or higher level was 32.0% (N = 33). With respect to the patients who were unable to return to their desired sport, reasons cited included pain in the operative knee (N = 18, 47.3%), physical inability to perform in the desired sport (N = 8, 21.1%), and fear of re-injury (N = 6, 15.8%). Conclusions: Overall, there was a poor rate of return to play following OCA. Additionally, the majority of patients were unable to return to play at their pre-injury level.
Preventing post-stroke dementia. The MARCH Trial. Protocol and statistical analysis plan of a randomized clinical trial testing the safety and efficacy of Maraviroc in post-stroke cognitive impairment
Authors: Assayag Einor Ben , Molad Jeremy , Seyman Estelle , Rotschild Ofer , Zeltzer Ehud , Sadeh-Gonik Udi , Bregman Noa , Alpernas Aviva , Segal Yahel , Bashat Dafna Ben , Nathan Talya , Hawwari Muhamad , Tene Oren , Hallevi Hen 
Published: May 2022

Background: Current evidence suggest that 25%–33% of stroke-survivors develop post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). The licensed drug Maraviroc, a CCR5-antagonist, is postulated to act via a neuroprotective mechanism that may offer the potential of preventing progression to vascular dementia. Our hypothesis: Maraviroc may have the potential to augment learning skills and cognitive performance by affecting synaptic plasticity, along with neuro-inflammatory modulation in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and PSCI. Design: MARCH is a multi-center, double-blind randomized-control Phase-II trial of Maraviroc 150 or 600 mg/day versus placebo for 12-months in five stroke centers in Israel. Included are patients diagnosed with recent (1–24 months) subcortical stroke who experience mild PSCI and have evidence of white matter lesions and SVD on neuroimaging. Outcomes: Primary outcomes: 1. Change in cognitive scores. 2. Drug related adverse events. Secondary outcomes: change in functional and affective scores, MRI-derived measures, inflammatory markers, carotid atherosclerosis, cerebrospinal-fluid biomarkers in a sub-study. A sample size of 60 in each treatment group and 30 in the placebo group (total – 150 participants) provides 80% power between the treatment and the placebo groups. Conclusions: The results of this work could lead to a novel, readily available, therapeutic avenue to reduce PSCI, and possibly other pathologies. This study will test safety and effectiveness of Maraviroc in limiting cognitive deterioration and/or post stroke cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Schedule: First-patient first-visit was May 2021. Recruitment to complete in 2023, follow-up to complete in 2024.
p16INK4A-dependent senescence in the bone marrow niche drives age-related metabolic changes of hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Hellmich Charlotte , Wojtowicz Edyta , Moore Jamie A. , Mistry Jayna J. , Jibril Aisha , Johnson Benjamin B. , Smith James G. W. , Beraza Naiara , Bowles Kristian M. , Rushworth Stuart A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Rapid and effective leukocyte response to infection is a fundamental function of the bone marrow (BM). However, with increasing age, this response becomes impaired, resulting in an increased burden of infectious diseases. Here, we investigate how aging changes the metabolism and function of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and the impact of the BM niche on this phenotype. We found that, in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced stress, HPC mitochondrial function is impaired, and there is a failure to upregulate the TCA cycle in progenitor populations in aged animals compared with young animals. Furthermore, aged mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of the BM niche, but not HPCs, exhibit a senescent phenotype, and selective depletion of senescent cells from the BM niche, as well as treatment with the senolytic drug ABT-263, improves mitochondrial function of HPCs when stressed with lipopolysaccharide. In summary, age-related HPC metabolic dysfunction occurs indirectly as a “bystander phenomenon” in the aging BM niche and can be restored by targeting senescent MSCs.
Identification and characterization of RBM12 as a novel regulator of fetal hemoglobin expression
Authors: Wakabayashi Aoi , Kihiu Maryanne , Sharma Malini , Thrasher A. Josephine , Saari Megan S. , Quesnel-Vallières Mathieu , Abdulmalik Osheiza , Peslak Scott A. , Khandros Eugene , Keller Cheryl A. , Giardine Belinda M. , Barash Yoseph , Hardison Ross C. , Shi Junwei , Blobel Gerd A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The fetal-to-adult hemoglobin transition is clinically relevant because reactivation of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) significantly reduces morbidity and mortality associated with sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia. Most studies on the developmental regulation of the globin genes, including genome-wide genetics screens, have focused on DNA binding proteins, including BCL11A and ZBTB7A/LRF and their cofactors. Our understanding of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) in this process is much more limited. Two RBPs, LIN28B and IGF2BP1, are known posttranscriptional regulators of HbF production, but a global view of RBPs is still lacking. Here, we carried out a CRISPR/Cas9-based screen targeting RBPs harboring RNA methyltransferase and/or RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains and identified RNA binding motif 12 (RBM12) as a novel HbF suppressor. Depletion of RBM12 induced HbF expression and attenuated cell sickling in erythroid cells derived from patients with SCD with minimal detrimental effects on cell maturation. Transcriptome and proteome profiling revealed that RBM12 functions independently of major known HbF regulators. Enhanced cross-linking and immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing revealed strong preferential binding of RBM12 to 5′ untranslated regions of transcripts, narrowing down the mechanism of RBM12 action. Notably, we pinpointed the first of 5 RRM domains as essential, and, in conjunction with a linker domain, sufficient for RBM12-mediated HbF regulation. Our characterization of RBM12 as a negative regulator of HbF points to an additional regulatory layer of the fetal-to-adult hemoglobin switch and broadens the pool of potential therapeutic targets for SCD and β-thalassemia.
Patient safety during anesthesia in Ukraine: national audit results
Authors: Bielka Kateryna , Kuchyn Iurii , Semenko Nataliia , Kashchii Uliana , Pliuta Iryna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Although anesthesiologists are one of the leaders in patient safety, anesthesia in low and low-middle income countries still need improvement in safety mesures with evidence-based practice application. The study aim was to audit the safety principles implementation in the Ukrainian anesthesiologist`s practice.

Methods
The study was held in March 2021-Februrary 2022 by filling out an online questionnarie. The link to the survey was distributed through Ukrainian Anesthesiologists Association (UAA) members emails and also published on UAA webpage and facebook page. The email was sent to 1000 UAA members.

Results
Summary 210 respondents took part in the study. Among the respondents, 79.1% of respondents are aware of the Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety in Anesthesiology, but only 40,3% declared that the principles of this Declaration had been implemented in their medical institutions. Even though most of the respondents declared that the quality of the work has improved with the application of the Helsinki Declaration, 16% stated, that there is no positive impact.
Most of the medical institutions include mandatory perioperative monitoring, while 17% of hospitals have no access to pulse oximetry for all patients in the operating room and intensive care unit. Concerning using clinical protocols, the one on the treatment of massive bleeding is used in 60.3% of cases, on infection control in 60.5%.
In relation to checklists, 28.2% of respondents have never heard about the WHO Safe Surgery checklist. Checklists for equipment inspection are used in only 27.8% of medical institutions. 72.8% hospitals keep records of anaesthesia complications.

Conclusion
The study showed that significant positive steps are being taken to improve patient safety in Ukraine, where most hospitals comply with the minimum standarts of monitoring during anesthesia. Although there are many challenges for improvement, more hospitals need to implement WHO Safe Surgery and equipment checklists, protocols etc. These areas are a priority for further development in Ukraine.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05175976 on 04/01/2022.
Development and validation of self-management scale for tuberculosis patients
Authors: Li Jin , Zhang Liwen , Zhou Jiani , Wang Geng , Zhang Rui , Liu Jiaqing , Liu Shili , Chen Yong , Yang Song , Yuan Quan , Li Ying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis remains a major threat to global public health. Regarding its control, directly observed therapy is not suitable as a global strategy for all tuberculosis patients. Self-management may be an important patient-centered tuberculosis case management supplement to directly observed therapy. However, there is currently no well-established instrument for measuring the self-management of tuberculosis patients. This study aimed to develop and validate a self-management scale for tuberculosis patients.

Methods
We developed an initial scale based on the tuberculosis health promotion indicators framework developed by our research group. After item analysis and two rounds of exploratory factor analysis, a final version of the scale was developed. A survey of 462 tuberculosis patients was conducted to develop and validate this scale. Cronbach’s α and intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess reliability, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate content validity. Fit indices, convergent validity, and discriminant validity were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis to determine the construct validity of the scale.

Results
The scale was composed of 17 items in three dimensions (“adherence to treatment behavior,” “transmission prevention behavior,” and “supportive therapy behavior”). These three dimensions explained 76.60% of the variance. Cronbach’s α of the scale was 0.905, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.897. Additionally, Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that each item was strongly correlated with the dimension to which it belonged (r = 0.849–0.915, p < 0.01). Most fit indices (Comparative Fit Index, Normed Fit Index, Incremental Fit Index, Goodness of fit index) reached the recommended threshold, and the average variance extracted values of the three dimensions were higher than 0.5. The values of the square root of the average variance extracted within each dimension were greater than the correlation between dimensions, and all heterotrait–monotrait values were below 0.85.

Conclusions
The self-management scale for tuberculosis patient demonstrated good reliability and validity and could be used as an instrument to evaluate the self-management of patients. Additionally, it could be used to develop evidence-based self-management interventions and evaluate those interventions.