bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of serum autotaxin levels for predicting post hepatectomy liver failure in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Uemoto Yusuke , Taura Kojiro , Kimura Yusuke , Yoh Tomoaki , Nishio Takahiro , Koyama Yukinori , Seo Satoru , Okazaki Kazuyuki , Nagao Miki , Igarashi Koji , Hatano Etsuro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground/PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of serum autotaxin, a novel liver fibrosis marker, for predicting post hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsAutotaxin was measured in sera from 269 patients undergoing hepatectomy for HCC. Correlations between autotaxin level, liver fibrosis stage (METAVIR F0–F4), and PHLF, as assessed by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery criteria, were analyzed.ResultsMedian autotaxin concentrations correlated significantly with fibrosis stage (F0, 0.93; F1, 0.96; F2, 1.18; F3, 1.40; and F4, 1.47 mg/l; P < .0001). Autotaxin levels were significantly higher in female patients and hepatitis C virus antibody‐positive patients compared with male or antibody‐negative patients (P < .0001). PHLF grade ≥ B occurred in 25 patients (9.3%). A PHLF prediction model was constructed from four variables (autotaxin, resection rate, sex, and hepatitis C virus antibody positivity) and gave an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–0.87), which was superior to models based on ALPlat and resection rate (0.75, 95% CI: 0.64–0.83) or indocyanine green retention test and resection rate (0.72, 95% CI: 0.61–0.81).ConclusionSerum autotaxin has utility for predicting liver fibrosis and PHLF in patients with HCC.
Effect of different stunning methods on rigor mortis, shape, energetic status and physical characteristics of Salmo carpio fillets
Authors: Pulcini Domitilla , Pulido‐Rodríguez Lina Fernanda , de Medeiros Adja Cristina Lira , Faccenda Filippo , Martini Arianna , Martinoli Marco , Tonachella Nicolò , Secci Giulia , Parisi Giuliana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDConsumer interest in safeguarding animal welfare and increased demand for fresh aquatic products support the need to understand the effects of stunning methods used in aquaculture on the biochemical process affecting fish fillet quality.The present paper aimed at comparing electrical stunning (ES) and cold shock (ICE) in Salmo carpio, an Italian endemic under‐investigated species. Rigor mortis evolution, fillet adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP), shape, colour, pH and water holding capacity were assessed by integrating chemical and image analyses.RESULTSSeventy‐two fish (24 fish per treatment) were stunned by ES, ICE or anaesthesia (AN, used as control), then percussively slaughtered. ES and ICE hastened rigor mortis onset and resolution (21 and 28 h post mortem) compared to AN. This was confirmed by the faster ATP degradation in ES and ICE. Fillet shape features varied during rigor mortis, according to the stunning method, with the perimeter showing irreversible variation in ES and ICE groups. Initial circularity was recovered only in AN, while ICE and ES fillets showed significantly different values, between 0 and 192 h.CONCLUSIONES is a promising stunning technique for S. carpio, but parameters should be optimized, because of the adverse effect on muscle activity which caused a fast pH drop, and the presence of blood spots in the fillets. Further studies are needed to understand whether fillet shape changes can interfere with filleting or fillet processing and consumer appreciation. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Synergism of selective thermal denaturation and glycosylation improves quality characteristics of green soybean tofu
Authors: Liu Yue , Sun Dongxue , Ma Yue , Mu Sinan , Li Hongyu , Zhang Minghan , Liu Xianqi , Wei Xuan , Bilawal Akhunzada , Tian Bo , Jiang Zhanmei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDTofu is rich in nutrients and contains high‐quality protein. However, commercial tofu products usually have weak gel strength and low water holding capacity (WHC). In the present study, the effects of selective thermal denaturation (STD) time (0–20 min, 5‐min interval; 85 °C) and glycosylation (100 °C; 0, 10 and 20 g kg−1 glucose) on the quality characteristics of green soybean tofu were studied through by the evaluation method of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model for the best synergism condition of STD and glycosylation.RESULTSCompared to STD or glycosylation, combination treatment of STD and glycosylation improved hardness, WHC, yield, protein and fat contents of green soybean tofu. Furthermore, the gel strength, WHC, yield, protein and fat contents of tofu was increased by 135.21%, 20.18%, 12.21%, 24.91%, 44.15% compared to untreated tofu. Meanwhile, synergistic treatment of STD and glycosylation significantly improved microstructure network structure of green soybean tofu and made it more homogeneous and denser. However, the green soybean tofu was faded and turned yellow under the combination of the STD and glycosylation.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained through TOPSIS showed that the combination of thermal treatment (85 °C for 15 min) and glycosylation (20 g kg−1 glucose at 100 °C) had the greatest improvement in the characteristics of green soybean tofu. Hence, the combination treatment of STD and glycosylation should be useful for improving the quality characteristics of green soybean tofu and providing the technical references for industrial processing of tofu. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Legume biological nitrogen fixation improves but chemical nitrogen fertilizer suppresses soil nematode communities in a Camellia oleifera plantation
Authors: Wang Jiachen , Wang Hailun , Lin Qinqin , Wu Yuanqun , He Xinxin , Chen Xiaoyong , Yan Wende , Zhao Jie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLegume intercropping by biological nitrogen (N) fixation is supposed as a more sustainable way than chemical N addition to enhance soil N availability in agronomy, however, the effects of the two types of N input on soil food web are scarcely determined. To fill the knowledge gap, we conducted a field experiment with randomized block design in an oil‐tea (Camellia oleifera) plantation, which included five N manipulation treatment: legume intercropping (Arachis hypogaea and Cassia tora), chemical N fertilizer application (84 and 168 kg N ha−1 yr−1), and the control (no N addition). The soil nematode communities and physicochemical properties were monitored in the seedling, heading, and mature stages of the legumes respectively. The results showed that the legume intercropping significantly increased the abundances of bacterivores and omnivore‐predators compared with the N fertilizations. Weighted nematode fauna analysis showed that N fertilization treatments were mainly located in the degraded plot (quadrat IV), and legume treatments were located in the structure plot (quadrat III). Structural equation model revealed that the legume intercropping positively correlated with the abundance of bacterivores and omnivore‐predators while N fertilization rate negatively correlated with the abundance of bacterivores and fungivores. Our results suggest that the legume biological N fixation was more conducive to providing N sources to soil organisms than the chemical N fertilizer, which resulted in an enhanced and a degraded soil food web respectively. Thus, legume intercropping is a more sustainable N management practice for the cultivation of C. oleifera plantations.
The ‘long and winding road’ for digital accessibility
Authors: Scott Stacy 
Published: November 2022

Key points
Accessibility is not binary, as easy as flipping a switch, it is closer to a web of interconnected elements, each of which can have serious implications on the accessibility of any content.
Publishers need to be mindful of legislations, tools and the imminent arrival of European Accessibility Act requirements to build accessibility into workflows now.
The future of accessibility format is EPUB.
Authors respond well to requirements to provide alt text for images—so they should be encouraged to do so.
Are we there yet? The state of accessible publishing in 2022
Authors: Alexander Huw 
Published: November 2022

Key points
The main hurdle for publishers wishing to implement accessibility policies is staffing problems—including technical knowledge, experience, and time availability.
The publishing industry is investing in accessibility, but often fails to communicate what investment has been made—they are just not telling their story.
Over half of surveyed publishers included image descriptions in less than 10% of their content—not one publisher included it in more three‐quarters of their titles.
The European Accessibility Act (EAA) will require compliance with accessibility and all publishers need to ensure they have systems in place for front and backlist titles by June 2025.
Do you still need to make that trip?
Authors: Hart Chris 
Published: November 2022

Key points
People remain conflicted about the need to travel, ranging from the moral imperative to curtail travel to acceptance of travel and confusion about when travel is acceptable.
There is a need to focus on alternatives to flying and take a balanced approach to the desire for zero carbon goals and the business and staff needs for travel.
Decision trees and other tools help individuals and companies to set clear guidelines for when travel is acceptable or desirable.
Investment in online meeting tools should be balanced with the need for face‐to‐face meetings and conferences.
Sediment organic carbon stocks were similar among four species compositions in a tropical seagrass meadow
Authors: Samper‐Villarreal Jimena , Mazarrasa Inés , Masqué Pere , Serrano Oscar , Cortés Jorge 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSeagrass meadows composed of larger species are assumed to store larger sediment organic carbon (Corg) stocks, storing more Corg in their tissues and larger leaves promoting greater burial of seagrass and non‐seagrass Corg. However, the influence of species composition on sediment Corg stocks remains poorly understood mainly from challenges in isolating it from confounding factors. We assessed Corg stocks in seagrass biomass and sediment of four species compositions in a tropical Caribbean meadow. We hypothesized that larger species would lead to higher sediment Corg stocks, within a limited geomorphic setting and time frame. Seagrass biomass and surficial and sediment profiles were collected to measure seagrass morphometrics, δ13C and δ15N, dry bulk density, Corg and inorganic carbon (Cinorg) stocks, and grain size. Seagrass biomass Corg stocks ranged from 0.04 to 3.7 Mg ha−1, with higher biomass Corg stocks in compositions with larger species. Surficial sediment Corg and Cinorg stocks (to 1.5 cm) averaged 2.6 ± 0.6 Mg Corg ha−1 and 68.8 ± 14.6 Mg Cinorg ha−1, respectively, and did not vary among species compositions. Isotopic analyses revealed a ~ 50% contribution of seagrasses to surficial sediment Corg in compositions with larger species, compared to a contribution of ~ 35% for those of smaller species. This study provides novel blue carbon data from an understudied region and contributes to understanding the role of seagrass species composition on sediment carbon storage.
Synergistic effects of PI3K inhibition and pioglitazone against acute promyelocytic leukemia cells
Authors: Esmaeili Shadi , Yousefi Amir‐Mohammad , Delshad Mahda , Bashash Davood 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough pioglitazone, a well‐known anti‐diabetic agent, has recently established itself as a pillar of cancer treatment, its therapeutic value could be attenuated by the aberrant activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.AimTo evaluate whether the PI3K/Akt suppression in leukemic cells could potentiate the anti‐leukemic effects of pioglitazone.MethodsTo assess the anti‐leukemic effects of PI3K/Akt inhibitors on anti‐leukemic effects of pioglitazone, we used MTT and trypan blue assays. Flow cytometric analysis and qRT‐PCR were also applied to evaluate cell cycle and apoptosis.ResultThe resulting data revealed that upon PPARγ stimulation in different leukemic cell lines using pioglitazone, the survival and the proliferative capacity of the cells were significantly halted. Then, we evaluated the impact of the PI3K/Akt axis on the effectiveness of the drug in the most sensitive leukemic cell line; NB4 cells. Our results showed that treatment of NB4 cells with the PI3K inhibitors increased the sensitivity of leukemic cells to pioglitazone to the degree that even lower concentrations of the agent succeeded to induce apoptotic as well as the anti‐proliferative effects. Moreover, it seems that PI3K inhibition could potentiate the anti‐leukemic effect of pioglitazone through induction of p21‐mediated sub‐G1 cell cycle arrest and altering the balance between the pro‐and anti‐apoptotic genes.ConclusionThis study sheds light on the significance of the PI3K/Akt pathway in APL cell sensitivity to pioglitazone and proposed that the presence of the PI3K inhibitor in the therapeutic regimen containing pioglitazone could be promising in the treatment of this malignancy.
Motion‐robust, blood‐suppressed, reduced‐distortion diffusion MRI of the liver
Authors: Geng Ruiqi , Zhang Yuxin , Rice James , Muehler Matthias R. , Starekova Jitka , Rutkowski David R. , Uboha Nataliya V. , Pirasteh Ali , Roldán‐Alzate Alejandro , Guidon Arnaud , Hernando Diego 
Published: November 2022

PurposeTo evaluate feasibility and reproducibility of liver diffusion‐weighted (DW) MRI using cardiac‐motion‐robust, blood‐suppressed, reduced‐distortion techniques.MethodsDW‐MRI data were acquired at 3T in an anatomically accurate liver phantom including controlled pulsatile motion, in eight healthy volunteers and four patients with known or suspected liver metastases. Standard monopolar and motion‐robust (M1‐nulled, and M1‐optimized) DW gradient waveforms were each acquired with single‐shot echo‐planar imaging (ssEPI) and multishot EPI (msEPI). In the motion phantom, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was measured in the motion‐affected volume. In healthy volunteers, ADC was measured in the left and right liver lobes separately to evaluate ADC reproducibility between the two lobes. Image distortions were quantified using the normalized cross‐correlation coefficient, with an undistorted T2‐weighted reference.ResultsIn the motion phantom, ADC mean and SD in motion‐affected volumes substantially increased with increasing motion for monopolar waveforms. ADC remained stable in the presence of increasing motion when using motion‐robust waveforms. M1‐optimized waveforms suppressed slow flow signal present with M1‐nulled waveforms. In healthy volunteers, monopolar waveforms generated significantly different ADC measurements between left and right liver lobes (, reproducibility coefficients (RPC) = mm/s for monopolar‐msEPI), while M1‐optimized waveforms showed more reproducible ADC values (, mm/s for M1‐optimized‐msEPI). In phantom and healthy volunteer studies, motion‐robust acquisitions with msEPI showed significantly reduced image distortion () compared to ssEPI. Patient scans showed reduction of wormhole artifacts when combining M1‐optimized waveforms with msEPI.ConclusionSynergistic effects of combined M1‐optimized diffusion waveforms and msEPI acquisitions enable reproducible liver DWI with motion robustness, blood signal suppression, and reduced distortion.
Measuring water exchange on a preclinical MRI system using filter exchange and diffusion time dependent kurtosis imaging
Authors: Li Chenyang , Fieremans Els , Novikov Dmitry S. , Ge Yulin , Zhang Jiangyang 
Published: November 2022

PurposeFilter exchange imaging (FEXI) and diffusion time (t)‐dependent diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI(t)) are both sensitive to water exchange between tissue compartments. The restrictive effects of tissue microstructure, however, introduce bias to the exchange rate obtained by these two methods, as their interpretation conventionally rely on the Kärger model of barrier limited exchange between Gaussian compartments. Here, we investigated whether FEXI and DKI(t) can provide comparable exchange rates in ex vivo mouse brains.Theory and MethodsFEXI and DKI(t) data were acquired from ex vivo mouse brains on a preclinical MRI system. Phase cycling and negative slice prewinder gradients were used to minimize the interferences from imaging gradients.ResultsIn the corpus callosum, apparent exchange rate (AXR) from FEXI correlated with the exchange rate (the inverse of exchange time, 1/τex) from DKI(t) along the radial direction. In comparison, discrepancies between FEXI and DKI(t) were found in the cortex due to low filter efficiency and confounding effects from tissue microstructure.ConclusionThe results suggest that FEXI and DKI(t) are sensitive to the same exchange processes in white matter when separated from restrictive effects of microstructure. The complex microstructure in gray matter, with potential exchange among multiple compartments and confounding effects of microstructure, still pose a challenge for FEXI and DKI(t).
Experience of the homecare of children on automatic peritoneal dialysis during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Zhou Qing , Zhao Rui , Shen Xia , Zhang Hui , Zhai Yihui , Gu Ying , Shen Qian , Xu Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsTo describe the home care experience, challenges and coping strategies of caregivers with children on automatic peritoneal dialysis (PD) in mainland China during the early stage of the COVID‐19 outbreak.DesignA qualitative descriptive approach was adopted. Semi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted among 14 families with children on automatic peritoneal dialysis from February 2nd to 10th, 2020. The care routine, stress and coping strategies of caregivers of children on peritoneal dialysis were collected. The data were analysed using thematic analysis.MethodsFour key themes were defined: (1) concerns about PD treatment intertwined with worries about COVID‐19; (2) retaining a sense of normality in the middle of the challenges; (3) staying safe; and (4) staying positive and carrying on.ResultsFamilies with children on automatic PD addressed the stress from COVID‐19 and its containment measures by closely adhering to COVID‐19 preventative measures, actively adjusting mentality and maintaining a sense of normality during the outbreak. This implies that healthcare staff need to be more aware of the complex medical needs of families with children on automatic PD, advocate for them and facilitate their navigation through the repurposed healthcare system.
CHILD CARE IN THE UNITED STATES: MARKETS, POLICY, AND EVIDENCE
Authors: Herbst Chris M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractParticipation in non‐parental child care arrangements is now the norm for preschool‐age children in the U.S. However, child care services are becoming increasingly expensive for many families, and quality is highly uneven across providers and sectors, raising questions about the impact of child care costs and quality on parental employment and child development. The U.S. policy landscape is dominated by three policies that subsidize costs for low‐income families or attempt to improve the safety and quality of providers: the Child Care and Development Fund, regulations, and quality rating and improvement systems. In this paper, I provide a thorough review of the evidence on each policy, focusing on how they influence a wide range of family and provider outcomes. The paper begins with a detailed description of the structure and functioning of the child care market, using the most up‐to‐date data on families’ utilization of care services and provider characteristics. I then draw on a diverse set of studies across multiple fields to summarize the evidence on the impact of child care policy. In the final section of the paper, I offer recommendations for future research in each policy area.
Role of Acid Treatment of the Carbon Support in the Growth of Atomic‐Layer‐Deposited Pt Nanoparticles for PEMFC Fabrication
Authors: Lee Woo‐Jae , Kwon Se‐Hun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUltrathin films or particles of atomic layer deposition (ALD) on high surface can improve the activity and durability of catalyst fields, so depending on the surface state, the ALD growth mechanism on porous materials should be systematically investigated and optimized to improve their characteristics of catalysts. Herein, a Pt catalyst used in polymer electrode membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications is synthesized through fluidized‐bed‐reactor ALD on carbon black whose surface is modified through treatment with citric acid. The functional groups, analyzed through X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), are found to be maximized after 60 min of acid treatment with stirring. Compared with bare carbon (untreated), the acid‐treated carbon presents rich oxidized functional groups and abundant defects but lower surface areas and pore volumes. After ALD Pt deposition, highly dense, uniform, and well‐dispersed Pt nanoparticles (NPs) are observed on the carbon black subjected to acid treatment, because of the favorable surface modifications for ALD growth resulting from the acid treatment. The ALD‐Pt NPs on the acid‐treated carbon exhibit larger electrochemical active surface areas, improved oxygen reduction reactions, and PEMFC performances, when compared with that of NPs on bare carbon with similar Pt weight loading.
Combined depth and heading control and experiment of ROV under the influence of residual buoyancy, current disturbance, and control dead zone
Authors: Yuan Jian , Liu Hailin , Wan Junhe , Li Hui , Zhang Wenxia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo improve the underwater control effect of a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) with residual buoyancy, current disturbance, and control dead zone, the depth and heading combined control of ROV is studied to improve the control accuracy of the control system. First, the heading control with fixed depth is divided into heading control and depth control. The tanh‐sigmoid‐surface control laws for designed degrees of freedom are designed by using tanh function. To suppress the influence of residual buoyancy and control law dead zone in depth control, and to offset the influence of control law dead zone of ROV thruster control, a reserved control quantity is introduced to map the depth deviation and control dead zone with residual buoyancy into a control deviation quantity. An adaptive amplification factor method is proposed for the amplification factors of depth control, speed control, and heading control. The proportional coefficient is adopted to make that the balance among rise time, convergence speed, and overshoot can be achieved by adjusting the proportional coefficient. Then the corresponding tanh‐sigmoid‐surface controller module is designed in MOOS‐IvP environment to track the desired heading and depth. The proposed controller refines fuzzy rules and reduces the complexity of parameter adjustment. Compared with the classical proportional, integral, and derivative control method, the experiment results show that the proposed method can resist the influence of residual buoyancy, current disturbance, and control dead zone and has a better control effect with less control error in depth and heading determination.