bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐English Language Preference Associated With Decreased Rheumatology Telehealth Use During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Thomason Jenna , Bays Alison , Mantilla Bryanna , Huang Irvin , Najjar Rayan , Singh Namrata , Wysham Katherine , Hughes Grant 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThe study objective was to assess sociodemographic disparities in telehealth use among patients in an urban adult rheumatology clinic during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patient‐level sociodemographic data associated with all rheumatology visits in the following two periods were reviewed: pre‐COVID‐19 (March 1, 2019 to February 28, 2020) and COVID‐19 (April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021). Data were extracted from the electronic health record. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine sociodemographic factors associated with video visits during the COVID‐19 period.ResultsIn the pre‐COVID‐19 period, 1503 patients completed 3837 visits (100% in person). In the COVID‐19 period, 1442 patients completed 3406 visits: 41% in person, 30% video, and 29% telephone only. Several factors were associated with decreased video use: preference for Spanish language (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15‐0.47) or other non‐English languages (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.21‐0.55), Black or African American race/ethnicity (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.35‐0.73), Medicaid payer, and increasing age.ConclusionDecreased video visit use among rheumatology patients was associated with non‐English language preference, minority race/ethnicity, increasing age, and indicators of low income. Rapid deployment and expansion of telehealth during the COVID‐19 pandemic likely has improved access for some but widened preexisting disparities for others. As medical care evolves toward ongoing digital care delivery, clarifying and addressing causes of telehealth disparities is essential for delivering equitable health care.
Large‐Area Uniform 1‐nm‐Level Amorphous Carbon Layers from 3D Conformal Polymer Brushes. A “Next‐Generation” Cu Diffusion Barrier?
Authors: Kang Yun‐Ho , Lee Sangbong , Choi Youngwoo , Seong Won Kyung , Han Kyu Hyo , Kim Jang Hwan , Kim Hyun‐Mi , Hong Seungbum , Lee Sun Hwa , Ruoff Rodney S. , Kim Ki‐Bum , Kim Sang Ouk 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA reliable method for preparing a conformal amorphous carbon (a‐C) layer with a thickness of 1‐nm‐level, is tested as a possible Cu diffusion barrier layer for next‐generation ultrahigh‐density semiconductor device miniaturization. A polystyrene brush of uniform thickness is grafted onto 4‐inch SiO2/Si wafer substrates with “self‐limiting” chemistry favoring such a uniform layer. UV crosslinking and subsequent carbonization transforms this polymer film into an ultrathin a‐C layer without pinholes or hillocks. The uniform coating of nonplanar regions or surfaces is also possible. The Cu diffusion “blocking ability” is evaluated by time‐dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) tests using a metal−oxide−semiconductor (MOS) capacitor structure. A 0.82 nm‐thick a‐C barrier gives TDDB lifetimes 3.3× longer than that obtained using the conventional 1.0 nm‐thick TaNx diffusion barrier. In addition, this exceptionally uniform ultrathin polymer and a‐C film layers hold promise for selective ion permeable membranes, electrically and thermally insulating films in electronics, slits of angstrom‐scale thickness, and, when appropriately functionalized, as a robust ultrathin coating with many other potential applications.
ALD‐Coated Mesoporous Iridium‐Titanium Mixed Oxides: Maximizing Iridium Utilization for an Outstanding OER Performance
Authors: Frisch Marvin , Raza Muhammad Hamid , Ye Meng‐Yang , Sachse René , Paul Benjamin , Gunder René , Pinna Nicola , Kraehnert Ralph 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith the increasing production of renewable energy and concomitant depletion of fossil resources, the demand for efficient water splitting electrocatalysts continues to grow. Iridium (Ir) and iridium oxides (IrOx) are currently the most promising candidates for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic medium, which remains the bottleneck in water electrolysis. Yet, the extremely high costs for Ir hamper a widespread production of hydrogen (H2) on an industrial scale. Herein, the authors report a concept for the synthesis of electrode coatings with template‐controlled mesoporosity surface‐modified with highly active Ir species. The improved utilization of noble metal species relies on the synthesis of soft‐templated metal oxide supports and a subsequent shape‐conformal deposition of Ir species via atomic layer deposition (ALD) at two different reaction temperatures. The study reveals that a minimum Ir content in the mesoporous titania‐based support is mandatory to provide a sufficient electrical bulk conductivity. After ALD, a significantly enhanced OER activity results in dependency of the ALD cycle number and temperature. The most active developed electrocatalyst film achieves an outstanding mass‐specific activity of 2622 mA mgIr–1 at 1.60 VRHE in a rotating‐disc electrode (RDE) setup at 25 °C using 0.5 m H2SO4 as a supporting electrolyte.
Wrinkle‐Assisted Capillary Bridging for the Directed Assembly of Single‐Level DNA Nanowire Arrays
Authors: Nagashima So , Yoon Sun Mi , Kim Do Hyun , Nakatani Akihiro , Moon Myoung‐Woon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAssembly of molecular‐scale nanowire arrays with defined spacing in an inexpensive and time‐efficient manner enables the development of versatile functional nanodevices that are unattainable with conventional approaches involving top‐down patterning techniques. This paper introduces a bottom‐up method for rapidly assembling DNA molecules into periodically aligned 2‐nm‐thin nanowires. The method uses wettability‐contrast channels composed of superhydrophilic wrinkles with a periodic high‐aspect‐ratio structure as the top and a hydrophobic flat surface as the bottom. After injecting the channels with DNA solution, one end of the wrinkled top is detached to facilitate unidirectional receding of an array of submicrometer‐scale capillary bridges developed in between. The molecules confined in each capillary bridge are then made to evaporatively assemble into a linear structure on the flat surface, thus yielding an array of molecular‐scale nanowires. The inter‐nanowire separation can be controlled by tuning the wrinkle dimensions. The wrinkle‐assisted capillary‐bridging method, termed WaCaB, exploits the surface instability of a film–substrate system for wrinkle fabrication and employs a simple detachment process, thus offering a general and flexible pathway for the facile assembly of spatially organized single‐level DNA nanowires, which can create new fabrication opportunities for devices in nanoelectronics, photonics, and biology.
Multimaterial Additive Manufacturing of LTCC Matrix and Silver Conductors for 3D Ceramic Electronics
Authors: Wang Peiren , Li Ji , Wang Guoqi , He Liu , Yu Yanqing , Xu Bo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCeramic electronics have the advantages of large ampacity, high thermal conductivity, and excellent dielectric properties which are widely used in power electronics, optoelectronics, automotive industry, and aerospace technology. This work proposes a multimaterial dispensing additive manufacturing technology for customizing the 3D low‐temperature‐cofired ceramic (LTCC) circuitry. Customized LTCC aqueous slurry is first developed and then 3D printed together with commercial silver paste to build the green body. Then, the green body is debinded and sintered with a three‐stage process at 200, 500, and 850 °C, respectively. The shrinkage rate in 3D is around 17% which is comparable with commercial LTCCs. The surface quality of the sintered ceramic is improved obviously compared with that of the green body due to the glazing effect of the glass phase. For the silver conductor, the resistivity and the temperature coefficient of resistance are 2.34 ± 0.04 µΩ cm and 3.56 × 10−3 °C−1, respectively. A serial of demonstrators including 2D, 3D light‐emitting diode ceramic circuit boards and a ceramic heater/thermometer is developed to prove the potential and feasibility of the proposed technology.
Anisotropic Ion Conducting Particulate Composites for Bioelectronics
Authors: Yao Dickson R. , Yu Han , Rauhala Onni J. , Cea Claudia , Zhao Zifang , Gelinas Jennifer N. , Khodagholy Dion 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAcquisition, processing, and manipulation of biological signals require transistor circuits capable of ion to electron conversion. However, use of this class of transistors in integrated sensors or circuits is limited due to difficulty in patterning biocompatible electrolytes for independent operation of transistors. It is hypothesized that it would be possible to eliminate the need for electrolyte patterning by enabling directional ion conduction as a property of the material serving as electrolyte. Here, the anisotropic ion conductor (AIC) is developed as a soft, biocompatible composite material comprised of ion‐conducting particles and an insulating polymer. AIC displays strongly anisotropic ion conduction with vertical conduction comparable to isotropic electrolytes over extended time periods. AIC allows effective hydration of conducting polymers to establish volumetric capacitance, which is critical for the operation of electrochemical transistors. AIC enables dense patterning of transistors with minimal leakage using simple solution‐based deposition techniques. Lastly, AIC can be utilized as a dry, anisotropic interface with human skin that is capable of non‐invasive acquisition of individual motor action potentials. The properties of AIC position it to enable implementation of a wide range of large‐scale organic bioelectronics and enhance their translation to human health applications.
The market for private food safety certifications: Conceptual framework, review, and future research directions
Authors: Hu Lijiao , Zheng Yuqing , Woods Timothy A. , Kusunose Yoko , Buck Steven 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSince the inception of private food safety standards in the late 1990s, producers, processors, retailers, and governments have been increasingly relying on them to provide assurances to food safety. This article first develops a conceptual framework for the market of private food safety standards through the lens of agri‐food supply chain logistics, outlining how the key players in the market interact and classifying these interactions into 15 categories. Second, we classify and review studies based on the interactions identified. Our review supports the identification of research gaps in this relatively new, though already important, area of research in contemporary agribusiness.
Hearing loss, cleft palate, and congenital hip dysplasia in female carriers of an intragenic deletion of AMMECR1
Authors: Koene Saskia , Knijnenburg Jeroen , Hoffer Mariette J. V. , Zwanenburg Fleur , Haak Monique C. , Locher Heiko , van Beelen Edward S. A. , Santen Gijs W. E. , Rotteveel Liselotte J. C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPreviously, mutations in the AMMECR1 gene have been described in six males with developmental delay, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and/or congenital abnormalities, including fetal nuchal edema, fetal pericardial effusion, talipes, congenital hip dysplasia, elliptocytosis and cleft palate. In this report, we present three female relatives of a male fetus with an intragenic deletion in this X‐linked gene. All three women reported hearing loss and one was born with a soft cleft palate and hip dysplasia. The audiograms showed mild to moderate SNHL with a variable pattern of the affected frequencies. Immunohistochemical analysis of fetal cochlea was performed confirming the expression of AMMECR1 in the human inner ear. Since hearing loss, cleft palate and congenital hip dysplasia were reported before in male AMMECR1 point mutation carriers and AMMECR1 is expressed in fetal inner ear, we suggest that female carriers may display a partial phenotype in this X‐linked condition.
Endotype reversal as a novel strategy for screening drugs targeting familial Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Caldwell Andrew B. , Liu Qing , Zhang Can , Schroth Gary P. , Galasko Douglas R. , Rynearson Kevin D. , Tanzi Rudolph E. , Yuan Shauna H. , Wagner Steven L. , Subramaniam Shankar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhile amyloid‐β (Aβ) plaques are considered a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, clinical trials focused on targeting gamma secretase, an enzyme involved in aberrant Aβ peptide production, have not led to amelioration of AD symptoms or synaptic dysregulation. Screening strategies based on mechanistic, multi‐omics approaches that go beyond pathological readouts can aid in the evaluation of therapeutics. Using early‐onset Alzheimer's (EOFAD) disease patient lineage PSEN1A246E iPSC‐derived neurons, we performed RNA‐seq to characterize AD‐associated endotypes, which are in turn used as a screening evaluation metric for two gamma secretase drugs, the inhibitor Semagacestat and the modulator BPN‐15606. We demonstrate that drug treatment partially restores the neuronal state while concomitantly inhibiting cell cycle re‐entry and dedifferentiation endotypes to different degrees depending on the mechanism of gamma secretase engagement. Our endotype‐centric screening approach offers a new paradigm by which candidate AD therapeutics can be evaluated for their overall ability to reverse disease endotypes.
Guidelines in Practice: Preoperative Patient Skin Antisepsis
Authors: Link Terri 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTSurgical site infections (SSIs) frequently involve resident bacteria (eg, Staphylococcus aureus) on the patient’s skin. Strategies to help prevent SSIs include removing soil and transient microorganisms from the skin before surgery. Preoperative decolonization, preoperative bathing, and application of an effective skin antiseptic at the surgical site are components of a multimodal approach to reducing microorganisms to subpathogenic levels. As members of an interdisciplinary team, perioperative RNs are essential in the development and implementation of SSI prevention bundles to promote patient safety. This article discusses recommendations from the AORN “Guideline for preoperative patient skin antisepsis” for decolonization protocols, preoperative bathing, and selection of surgical site antiseptics. A scenario describes the process a facility team uses to determine components of an SSI prevention bundle after recognizing an increase in infections from multidrug‐resistant organisms.
Numerische Untersuchungen zur Abschirmwirkung von Einzelpfählen und Pfahlgruppen im Wellenfeld einer stationären oder bewegten harmonischen Last
Authors: Efthymiou Georgia , Vrettos Christos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn dem Beitrag werden Ergebnisse aus Finite‐Elemente‐Berechnungen zur kinematischen Interaktion von Einzelpfählen und Pfahlgruppen vorgestellt. Der Fokus liegt in der Ermittlung der erzielbaren Schwingungsreduktion bei einer Beanspruchung durch eine stationäre oder bewegte harmonische vertikale Punktlast. Eine bewegte konstante Last wird ebenfalls betrachtet. Der Boden in Form eines Halbraums oder einer Bodenschicht wird als lineares visko‐elastisches Kontinuum abgebildet. Das FEM‐Modell wird hinsichtlich Abmessungen und Diskretisierung optimiert. Die erzielbare Genauigkeit wird anhand von Vergleichen mit genauen Lösungen für das Nah‐ und Fernfeld beurteilt. Untersucht wird ein Frequenzbereich zwischen 20 und 40 Hz. Die Ergebnisse zur vertikalen Antwort zeigen, dass die Pfahlkopfschwingungen generell kleiner als die zugehörigen Freifeldwerte sind und dass diese Minderung bei höheren Frequenzen stärker ist. Die Verbindung der Pfähle über eine starre masselose Kopfplatte führt zu einer weiteren Reduktion des Schwingungseintrags in die Pfahlgruppe. Bei einer bewegten Last ist die Abschirmwirkung mit Ausbildung von Schattenzonen stärker, wenn die Last in minimalem Abstand vorbeifährt.
Undergraduate laboratory series that employs a complete polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism experiment for determination of a single nucleotide polymorphism in CYP2R1 gene
Authors: Sedky Nada K. , Arafa Reem K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNowadays, novel Biochemistry lab techniques are being introduced at a very fast pace in scientific research. This requires development of new labs for undergraduate Biochemistry courses to equip the students with up‐to‐date techniques. However, the time limit of Biochemistry labs for undergraduate students represents a major obstacle. This article presents a clear set of laboratory exercises designed to introduce students to the use of polymerase chain reaction‐restriction‐fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) as a means of detection of genetic variants. Three consecutive lab experiments have been designed for the undergraduate students to serve this purpose. The first session was performed in a computer lab (dry lab) where students were taught how to obtain a specific gene sequence, identify an exact single nucleotide polymorphism location, choose the target sequence for amplification, design specific primers for this particular sequence and choose the most suitable restriction enzyme from web tools. The second and third lab sessions were performed as wet labs where in the second lab session, students optimized PCR conditions and performed a successful PCR. The PCR products were kept for use in the third lab session where they utilized the selected restriction enzyme and carried out gel electrophoresis to determine the exact genotype.
Changes in serum neurofilament light chain levels following narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in clinically isolated syndrome
Authors: Fabis‐Pedrini Marzena J. , Kuhle Jens , Roberts Katherine M. A. , Trend Stephanie , Jones Anderson P. , Maceski Aleksandra , Carroll William M. , Lucas Robyn M. , Mastaglia Frank L. , Hart Prue H. , Kermode Allan G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels are suppressed in patients with the clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) following narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy (UVB‐PT).MethodssNfL levels were measured using a sensitive single‐molecule array assay at baseline and up to 12 months in 17 patients with CIS, 10 of whom received UVB‐PT, and were compared with healthy control (HC) and early relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) group. sNfL levels were correlated with magnetic resonance imaging total lesion volume (LV) determined using icobrain version 4.4.1 and with clinical outcomes.ResultsBaseline median sNfL levels were significantly higher in the CIS (20.6 pg/mL, interquartile range [IQR] 13.7–161.4) and RRMS groups (36.6 pg/ml [IQR] 16.2–212.2) than in HC (10.7 pg/ml [IQR] 4.9–21.5) (p = .012 and p = .0002, respectively), and were strongly correlated with T2 and T1 LV at 12 months (r = .800; p = .014 and r = .833; p = .008, respectively) in the CIS group. Analysis of changes in sNfL levels over time in the CIS group showed a significant cumulative suppressive effect of UVB‐PT in the first 3 months (UVB‐PT −10.6% vs non‐UVB‐PT +58.3%; p = .04) following which the levels in the two groups converged and continued to fall.ConclusionsOur findings provide the basis for further studies to determine the utility of sNfL levels as a marker of neuro‐axonal damage in CIS and early MS and for assessing the efficacy of new therapeutic interventions such as UVB‐PT.
Do dynamic capabilities matter? A study on environmental performance and the circular economy in European certified organisations
Authors: Marrucci Luca , Daddi Tiberio , Iraldo Fabio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOrganisations face barriers in the transition towards a circular economy. Environmental management systems have often been adopted to tackle environmental challenges, but, more recently, scholars have proposed dynamic capabilities as a strategy to foster circular economy initiatives. Considering the level of internalisation of the environmental management system, we investigated the contribution of dynamic capabilities to organisation performance and circular economy implementation. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling, we analysed more than 800 European organisations registered with the Eco‐Management and Audit Scheme. Our results proved that dynamic capabilities contribute to the internalisation of the environmental management system, which consequently improves the overall organisation performance and circular economy adoption. In addition, while dynamic capabilities directly influence the circular economy and environmental performance of an organisation, EMAS internalisation is crucial for a better economic performance and environmental reputation. Lastly, we assessed the contribution of sensing, seizing and reconfiguring capabilities to the internalisation of the environmental management standard proving their crucial role in the integration of the standard's requirements. Our study highlights the scarce linkages between the Eco‐Management and Audit Scheme and the circular economy by suggesting how organisations can identify and pursue circular economy opportunities through dynamic capabilities.
Two New Cytotoxic Decalin Derivatives from Marine‐Derived Fungus Talaromyces sp.
Authors: Liu Gaoran , Huo Ruiyun , Niu Shubin , Song Fuhang , Liu Ling 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTwo new decalin derivatives named fusarielins O (1) and P (2), together with seven known compounds (3–9) were isolated from the crude extract of the marine‐derived fungus Talaromyces sp. The planar structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses of NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS. The absolute configuration of 1 was assigned by Snatzke's method and comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 1–9 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against three tumor cell lines and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities.
Direct Addition of Grignard Reagents to Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids Enabled by Bulky turbo‐Organomagnesium Anilides
Authors: Colas Kilian , V. D. dos Santos A. Catarina , Kohlhepp Stefanie V. , Mendoza Abraham 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of ketones through addition of organometallic reagents to aliphatic carboxylic acids is a straightforward strategy that is limited to organolithium reagents. More desirable Grignard reagents can be activated and controlled with a bulky aniline‐derived turbo‐Hauser base. This operationally simple procedure allows the straightforward preparation of a variety of aliphatic and perfluoroalkyl ketones alike from functionalized alkyl, aryl and heteroaryl Grignard reagents.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)‐Eucophylline
Authors: Traboulsi Iman , Dange Nitin S. , Pirenne Vincent , Robert Frédéric , Landais Yannick 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe total enantioselective synthesis of (+)‐eucophylline 1 was achieved using as a key‐structural motif a chiral piperidinone bearing the natural product all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter. The elaboration of the latter is based on two strategies relying on the free‐radical carbo‐cyanation and sulfonyl‐cyanation respectively of enantiopure substituted cyclopropenes and cyclobutenes. Co‐ or Ni‐boride reduction of the nitrile functional group along with the cyclopropane and cyclobutane ring‐opening then led to the formation of the chiral piperidinone ring. Further elaboration of the latter into the key 1‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane motif followed by its coupling with a 2‐cyanoaniline allowed the formation of the tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,8]‐naphthyridine skeleton of 1, which was finally accessible in 17 steps and 5.9 % overall yield from 1,1‐dibromobutene.