bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Biomechanical Burden of Orthopaedic Procedures and Musculoskeletal Injuries Sustained by Surgeons: A Systematic Review
Authors: Xu Amy L. , Covarrubias Oscar , Yakkanti Ramakanth , Aiyer Amiethab A. 
Published: November 2022

Category: Other; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Orthopaedic surgeons are at high risk for experiencing work-related musculoskeletal injuries and chronic pain. This is largely due to daily exposure to repetitive large magnitude forces, altered posture from the use of leaded vests, and prolonged standing often in irregular body positions. We sought to synthesize available evidence regarding 1) the biomechanics of orthopaedic surgery and 2) musculoskeletal injuries sustained by orthopaedic surgeons with subsequent treatment and consequences. Methods: To conduct this systematic review, we queried four databases (PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) for original research studies presenting on the biomechanics of orthopaedic surgery or musculoskeletal injuries sustained by orthopaedic surgeons. Studies were excluded if they were not original research (i.e., reviews) or reported on injuries to patients, non-musculoskeletal injuries, or non-orthopaedic subspecialties. The literature search yielded 3,202 publications, 36 of which were included in the final analysis. Results: Eight studies reported on the biomechanics of orthopaedic surgery. Surgeons spent an average 41.6% of time slouched during surgeries. Head and whole spine angles were closest to natural standing position when using a microscope for visualization and with higher surgical field heights. Use of lead aprons resulted in a shifted weight distribution on the forefoot, gain in thoracic kyphosis, and increase in lateral deviation from postural loading. Twenty-eight studies reported on musculoskeletal conditions experienced by orthopaedic surgeons. The overall prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms or injury involving any body region ranged from 44-97%. Prevalence by body region in decreasing order were as follows: lower back (15.2-89.5%), hip/thigh (4.4- 86.6%), neck (2.4-74%), hand/wrist (10.5-54%), shoulder (7.1-48.5%), elbow (3.1-28.3%), knee/lower leg (7.9-27.4%), and foot/ankle (7-25.7%). Of surgeons with any reported musculoskeletal symptom or injury, 27-65.7% required nonoperative treatment, 3.2- 34.3% required surgery, and 33.3-59.3% indicated that their operative performance was affected. Conclusion: The orthopaedic surgeon population experiences a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and injuries, likely secondary to the biomechanical burdens of tasks required of them during strenuous operations. Ergonomic interventions must be taken within the operating room to reduce this prevalence, increase the physical well-being of orthopaedic surgeons, and reduce the healthcare costs associated with time off work and early retirement as a result of musculoskeletal conditions.
Allogeneic natural killer cell therapy
Authors: Berrien-Elliott Melissa M. , Jacobs Miriam T. , Fehniger Todd A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Interest in adoptive cell therapy for treating cancer is exploding owing to early clinical successes of autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T lymphocyte therapy. However, limitations using T cells and autologous cell products are apparent as they (1) take weeks to generate, (2) utilize a 1:1 donor-to-patient model, (3) are expensive, and (4) are prone to heterogeneity and manufacturing failures. CAR T cells are also associated with significant toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome, and prolonged cytopenias. To overcome these issues, natural killer (NK) cells are being explored as an alternative cell source for allogeneic cell therapies. NK cells have an inherent ability to recognize cancers, mediate immune functions of killing and communication, and do not induce graft-versus-host disease, cytokine release syndrome, or immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome. NK cells can be obtained from blood or cord blood or be derived from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells or induced pluripotent stem cells, and can be expanded and cryopreserved for off-the-shelf availability. The first wave of point-of-care NK cell therapies led to the current allogeneic NK cell products being investigated in clinical trials with promising preliminary results. Basic advances in NK cell biology and cellular engineering have led to new translational strategies to block inhibition, enhance and broaden target cell recognition, optimize functional persistence, and provide stealth from patients’ immunity. This review details NK cell biology, as well as NK cell product manufacturing, engineering, and combination therapies explored in the clinic leading to the next generation of potent, off-the-shelf cellular therapies for blood cancers.
Insight into the physiological and pathological roles of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway in glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and diabetes development
Authors: Sayed Tahseen S. , Maayah Zaid H. , Zeidan Heba A. , Agouni Abdelali , Korashy Hesham M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor that mediates the toxicities of several environmental pollutants. Decades of research have been carried out to understand the role of AhR as a novel mechanism for disease development. Its involvement in the pathogenesis of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus have long been known. One of the current hot research topics is investigating the role of AhR activation by environmental pollutants on glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion, and hence the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. To date, epidemiological studies have suggested that persistent exposure to environmental contaminants such as dioxins, with subsequent AhR activation increases the risk of specific comorbidities such as obesity and diabetes. The importance of AhR signaling in various molecular pathways highlights that the role of this receptor is far beyond just xenobiotic metabolism. The present review aims at providing significant insight into the physiological and pathological role of AhR and its regulated enzymes, such as cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and CYP1B1 in both types of diabetes. It also provides a comprehensive summary of the current findings of recent research studies investigating the role of the AhR/CYP1A1 pathway in insulin secretion and glucose hemostasis in the pancreas, liver, and adipose tissues. This review further highlights the molecular mechanisms involved, such as gluconeogenesis, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), oxidative stress, and inflammation.
ALKBH5 in mouse testicular Sertoli cells regulates Cdh2 mRNA translation to maintain blood–testis barrier integrity
Authors: Cai Zhonglin , Zhang Yao , Yang Lin , Ma Chunhui , Fei Yi , Ding Jing , Song Wei , Tong Wei-Min , Niu Yamei , Li Hongjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is involved in mammalian spermatogenesis. In both germ cells and Leydig cells, ALKBH5 regulates spermatogenesis and androgen synthesis in an m6A-dependent manner. However, it is unclear whether ALKBH5 plays a role in testicular Sertoli cells, which constitute the blood–testis barrier (BTB) through cell junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells.

Methods
ALKBH5 expression in the testes of humans and mice was detected by immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining. BTB integrity was evaluated by BTB assay. m6A-seq was performed to screen for BTB-related molecules regulated by ALKBH5. m6A immunoprecipitation–quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), RNA immunoprecipitation–qPCR, western blot, coimmunoprecipitation, and polysome fractionation–qPCR analyses were performed to explore the mechanisms of ALKBH5 in BTB. Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the BTB ultrastructure.

Results
ALKBH5 in Sertoli cells is related to the integrity of the BTB. Subsequently, the m6A level on Cdh2 mRNA, encoding a structural protein N-cadherin in the BTB, was found to be regulated by ALKBH5. IGF2BP1/2/3 complexes and YTHDF1 promoted Cdh2 mRNA translation. In addition, we found that basal endoplasmic specialization, in which N-cadherin is a main structural protein, was severely disordered in the testes of Alkbh5-knockout mice.

Conclusions
Our study revealed that ALKBH5 regulates BTB integrity via basal endoplasmic specialization by affecting Cdh2 mRNA translation.
Phylogenomics, plastome structure and species identification in Mahonia (Berberidaceae)
Authors: Tong Ruchang , Gui Chaoxia , Zhang Yu , Su Na , Hou Xiaoqi , Liu Meng , Yang Zhaoping , Kang Bing , Chang Zhaoyang , Jabbour Florian , Zhao Liang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Elucidating the phylogenetic relationships within species-rich genera is essential but challenging, especially when lineages are assumed to have been going through radiation events. Mahonia Nutt. (Berberidaceae) is a genus with cosmopolitan distribution, comprising approximately 100 species, two of which are known as Caulis Mahoniae (M. bealei and M. fortunei) with crucial pharmacological significance in Chinese herbal medicine. Mahonia is a taxonomically challenging genus, and intrageneric phylogenetic relationships still need to be explored using genome data. Universal DNA barcodes and floral morphological attributes have limited discriminatory power in Mahonia.

Results
We sequenced 17 representative plastomes and integrated three published plastome data together to conduct comparative and phylogenetic analyses. We found that Mahonia and Berberis share a large IR expansion (~ 12 kb), which is recognized as a typical character of Berberideae. Repeated sequences are revealed in the species of Mahonia, which are valuable for further population genetic studies. Using a comparative plastome analysis, we determined eight hypervariable regions whose discriminative power is comparable to that of the whole plastid genomes. The incongruence of the ITS and the plastome tree topologies may be ascribed to ancestral hybridization events and/or to incomplete lineage sorting. In addition, we suggest that leaf epidermal characters could help to distinguish closely related species in Mahonia.

Conclusions
We propose an integrative approach combining special barcodes and micromorphological traits to circumscribe Mahonia species. The results cast a new light on the development of an integrative method for accurate species circumscription and provide abundant genetic resources for further research on Mahonia.
Construction and validation of a novel Ferroptosis-related gene signature predictive model in rectal Cancer
Authors: Shi Wei-Kun , Liu Yu-Xin , Qiu Xiao-Yuan , Zhou Jing-Ya , Zhou Jiao-Lin , Lin Guo-Le 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Rectal cancer (RC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death, which plays an important role in various cancers. However, the correlation between ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and prognosis in RC remains unclear.

Methods
Gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Rectum adenocarcinoma (TCGA-READ) and GSE87211 were downloaded. Clustering and functional enrichment were evaluated. A FRGs risk score was established based on the univariate Cox analysis and the Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. K-M analysis and ROC analysis were conducted to determine prognostic values. qRT-PCR was performed to validate levels of mRNA expression. Multivariate Cox analysis was used to build a prognostic prediction model based on the risk score.

Results
Based on FRGs, RC patients were grouped into two clusters. In the functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes between the two clusters, immune-related pathways dominated. A novel FRGs signature with 14 genes related to the overall survival (OS) of RC was established. qRT-PCR of the 14 genes identified TP63, ISCU, PLIN4, MAP3K5, OXSR, FANCD2 and ATM were overexpressed in RC tissue; HSPB1, MAPK1, ABCC1, PANX1, MAPK9 and ATG7 were underexpressed; TUBE1 had no difference. The high-risk group had a significantly lower OS than the low-risk group (P < 0.001), and ROC curve analysis confirmed the signature’s predictive capacity. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk score and age were independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion
A novel FRGs model can be used to predict the prognosis in RC, as well as to guide individual treatment.
Atrial-His bundle pacing in fulminant myocarditis with ventricular arrhythmia: a case report
Authors: Jiang Limeng , Wang Liangguo , Zhao Chuhuan , Zhou Xi , Hong Xia , Feng Xiafei , Xu Lei , Wu Shengjie , Chung Roy , Huang Weijian , Su Lan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Fulminant myocarditis is a clinical syndrome associated with threatening dysrhythmia which temporary pacemaker can be used for life-saving support. As a method of physiological pacing, His bundle pacing (HBP) maintain better cardiac synchronization than traditional right ventricular (RV) pacing.

Case presentation
It’s a severe case of fulminant myocarditis in a 41-year-old patient who presented for recurrent arrhythmias with hemodynamic instability. Temporary His bundle pacing combined with optimal medical therapy and extracorporeal membrane oxygenators (ECMO) supported him through his critical period of hospitalization.

Conclusions
During 1-year follow up, the cardiac function recovery was obvious without any pacing related complications. Echocardiography showed better atrioventricular and intra-ventricular synchronization during HBP in DDD mode. This is the first reported case of temporary His-purkinje conduction system pacing used for severe fulminant myocarditis.
Multivariate analysis of independent determinants of ADL/IADL and quality of life in the elderly
Authors: Beltz Sebastian , Gloystein Simone , Litschko Thomas , Laag Sonja , van den Berg Neeltje 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the determinants of disability and quality of life in elderly people who participated at the multi-centred RubiN project (Regional ununterbrochen betreut im Netz) in Germany.

Methods
Baseline data of the subjects aged 70 years and older of the RubiN project were used and only subjects with complete data sets were considered for the ensuing analysis (complete case analysis (CCA)).
Disability was examined using the concepts of ADL (activities of daily living) and IADL (instrumental activities of daily living). Subjects exhibiting one or more deficiencies in ADL respectively IADL were considered as ADL respectively IADL disabled. Quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF and the WHOQOL-OLD. Applying multivariate analysis, sociodemographic factors, psychosocial characteristics as well as the functional, nutritional and cognitive status were explored as potential determinants of disability and quality of life in the elderly.

Results
One thousand three hundred seventy-five subjects from the RubiN project exhibited data completeness regarding baseline data. ADL and IADL disability were both associated with the respective other construct of disability, sex, a reduced cognitive and functional status as well as domains of the WHOQOL-BREF. Furthermore, ADL disability was related to social participation, while IADL disability was linked to age, education and social support. Sex, ADL and IADL disability, income, social support and social participation as well as the functional status were predictors of the domain ‘Physical Health’ (WHOQOL-BREF). The facet ‘Social Participation’ (WHOQOL-OLD) was affected by both ADL and IADL disability, income, social participation, the nutritional and also the functional status.

Conclusions
Several potential determinants of disability and quality of life were identified and confirmed in this study. Attention should be drawn to prevention schemes as many of these determinants appear to be at least partly modifiable.
Laparoscopic vs. open procedure for intermediate‑ and high‑risk endometrial cancer: a minimum 4-year follow-up analysis
Authors: Zhou Xing , Wei Sitian , Shao Qingchun , Zhang Jun , Zhao Rong , Shi Rui , Zhang Wei , Dong Kejun , Shu Wan , Wang Hongbo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The long-term oncologic outcomes after laparoscopic and open procedures for patients with intermediate‑ and high‑risk endometrial cancer (EC) remain unclear. Accordingly, laparoscopy cannot still be recommended as the standard choice for intermediate‑ and high‑risk EC. This retrospective study aimed to assess the perioperative and long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopy and open surgery in patients with intermediate- and high‑risk ECs within a minimum 4-year follow-up.

Methods
We included 201 patients who underwent laparoscopic or open procedures for intermediate‑ and high‑risk EC between 2010 and 2017. Between-procedure comparisons of perioperative and oncological outcomes were performed using the independent t-test or Pearson’s chi-squared test and the Kaplan–Meier method, respectively.

Results
Finally, there were 136 intermediate‑ and 65 high‑risk endometrial tumors in the laparoscopic and open groups, respectively. There were no between-group differences in all baseline characteristics. Compared with the open group, the laparoscopic group had a significantly longer mean operating time (p = 0.005) and a lower mean estimated blood loss (EBL) (p = 0.031). There was a higher possibility of postoperative complication in the open group than in the laparoscopic group (p = 0.048). There were no significant between-group differences in pathological outcomes as well as the recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates (p = 0.626 and p = 0.148, respectively).

Conclusions
Among patients with intermediate‑ and high‑risk EC, laparoscopic surgery has an advantage over the open surgery in reducing EBL and the rate of postoperative complications without weakening the oncological control. There were no between-procedure differences in the recurrence-free and overall survival rates.
Effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula III ameliorated COPD by improving airway epithelial cell senescence by promoting mitophagy via the NRF2/PINK1 pathway
Authors: Li Min-yan , Qin Yan-qin , Tian Yan-ge , Li Kang-chen , Oliver Brian G. , Liu Xue-fang , Zhao Peng , Li Jian-sheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula III (ECC-BYF III) demonstrates positive effects on stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Purpose
To investigate the mechanisms of ECC-BYF III on COPD rats from the aspect of airway epithelial cell senescence.

Methods
COPD model rats (Sprague-Dawley rat) were treated with ECC-BYF III for 8 weeks, and the efficacy was evaluated. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced senescence model of airway epithelial cells was treated with ECC-BYF III, and related enzymes and proteins involved in oxidative stress and mitophagy were detected.

Results
ECC-BYF III markedly rescued pulmonary function and histopathological changes, which might be associated with the amelioration of lung senescence, including the reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels, increase of the level in total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and decease in the p21 level in the airways. Furthermore, ECC-BYF III suppressed p16 and p21 expressions and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) in CSE-induced airway epithelial cells. Moreover, ECC-BYF III upregulated mitophagy-related proteins, including the co-localizations of TOM20 and LC3B, PINK1 and PARK2, and improved mitochondrial function by upregulating mitochondrial mitofusin (MFN)2 and reducing dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) expression. ECC-BYF III enhanced the activities of T-SOD and GSH-PX by up-regulating NRF2, thus inhibiting oxidative stress. After intervention with NRF2 inhibitor, the regulation effects of ECC-BYF III on oxidative stress, mitophagy and senescence in airway epithelial cells were significantly suppressed.

Conclusions
ECC-BYF III exerts beneficial effects on COPD rats by ameliorating airway epithelial cell senescence, which is mediated by inhibiting oxidative stress and subsequently enhancing mitophagy through the activation of NRF2 signaling.
Surgical sequence in anterior column realignment with posterior osteotomy is important for degree of adult spinal deformity correction: advantages and indications for posterior to anterior sequence
Authors: Kim Sung-Min , Kim Yong-Chan , Kim Ki-Tack , Ha Kee-Yong , Luo Qiang , Li Xiongjie , Park JunBum 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
We hypothesized that posterior osteotomy prior to ACR (Anterior column realignment) through P-A-P surgical sequence would permit a greater correction for deformity corrective surgery than the traditional A-P sequence without posterior osteotomy. This study aimed to determine the impact of the P-A-P sequence on the restoration of lumbar lordosis (LL) compared to the A-P sequence in deformity corrective surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients and to identify the characteristics of patients who require this sequence.

Methods
Between 2017 and 2019, 260 ASD patients who had undergone combined corrective surgery were reviewed retrospectively. This study included 178 patients who underwent posterior osteotomy before the ACR (P-A group) and 82 patients who underwent the A-P sequence (A-P group). Sagittal spinopelvic parameters were determined from pre- and postoperative whole-spine radiographs and compared between the groups. To find better indications for the P-A-P sequence, we conducted additional analysis on postoperative outcomes of patients in the A-P group.

Results
The P-A group showed a significantly higher change in LL (53.7° vs. 44.3°, p < 0.001), C7 sagittal vertical axis (C7 SVA: 197.4 mm vs. 146.1 mm, p = 0.021), segmental lordosis (SL) L2/3 (16.2° vs. 14.4°, p = 0.043), SL L3/4 (16.2° vs. 13.8°, p = 0.004), and SL L4/5 (15.1° vs. 11.3°, p = 0.001) compared to the A-P group. At the final follow-up, pelvic incidence (PI) minus LL mismatch (PI − LL mismatch) was significantly higher in the A-P group (13.4° vs. 2.9°, p < 0.001). Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 75 years (odds ratio [OR] = 2.151; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.414–3.272; p < 0.001), severe osteoporosis (OR = 2.824; 95% CI, 1.481–5.381; p = 0.002), rigid lumbar curve with dynamic changes in LL < 10° (OR = 5.150; 95% CI, 2.296–11.548; p < 0.001), and severe facet joint osteoarthritis (OR = 4.513; 95% CI, 1.958–10.402; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for PI − LL mismatch ≥ 10° after A-P surgery.

Conclusion
P-A-P sequence for deformity corrective surgery in ASD offers greater LL correction than the A-P sequence. Indications for the procedure include patients aged ≥ 75 years, severe osteoporosis, rigid lumbar curve with dynamic change in LL < 10°, or more than four facet joints of Pathria grade 3 in the lumbar region.