bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroinflammatory transcriptional programs induced in rhesus pre-frontal cortex white matter during acute SHIV infection
Authors: Hawes Chase E. , Elizaldi Sonny R. , Beckman Danielle , Diniz Giovanne B. , Lakshmanappa Yashavanth Shaan , Ott Sean , Durbin-Johnson Blythe P. , Dinasarapu Ashok R. , Gompers Andrea L. , Morrison John H. , Iyer Smita S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Immunosurveillance of the central nervous system (CNS) is vital to resolve infection and injury. However, immune activation within the CNS in the setting of chronic viral infections, such as HIV-1, is strongly linked to progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Establishment of HIV-1 in the CNS early following infection underscores the need to delineate features of acute CNS immune activation as these early inflammatory events may mediate neurodegenerative processes. Here, we focused on elucidating molecular programs of neuroinflammation in brain regions based on vulnerability to neuroAIDS and/or neurocognitive decline. To this end, we assessed transcriptional profiles within the subcortical white matter of the pre-frontal cortex (PFCw), as well as synapse dense regions from hippocampus, superior temporal cortex, and caudate nucleus, in rhesus macaques following infection with Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (SHIV.C.CH505).Methods: We performed RNA extraction and sequenced RNA isolated from 3 mm brain punches. Viral RNA was quantified in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid by RT-qPCR assays targeting SIV Gag. Neuroinflammation was assessed by flow cytometry and multiplex ELISA assays. Results: RNA sequencing and flow cytometry data demonstrated immune surveillance of the rhesus CNS by innate and adaptive immune cells during homeostasis. Following SHIV infection, viral entry and integration within multiple brain regions demonstrated vulnerabilities of key cognitive and motor function brain regions to HIV-1 during the acute phase of infection. SHIV induced transcriptional alterations were concentrated to the PFCw and STS with upregulation of gene expression pathways controlling innate and T-cell inflammatory responses. Within the PFCw, gene modules regulating microglial activation and T cell differentiation were induced at 28 days post-SHIV infection, with evidence for stimulation of immune effector programs characteristic of neuroinflammation. Furthermore, enrichment of pathways regulating mitochondrial respiratory capacity, synapse assembly, and oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress were observed. These acute neuroinflammatory features were substantiated by increased influx of activated T cells into the CNS. Conclusions: Our data show pervasive immune surveillance of the rhesus CNS at homeostasis and reveal perturbations of important immune, neuronal, and synaptic pathways within key anatomic regions controlling cognition and motor function during acute HIV infection. These findings provide a valuable framework to understand early molecular features of HIV associated neurodegeneration.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of pregnant women toward Intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy in selected medical centers in banadir region, Mogadishu Somalia.; A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: MOHAMUD ABDIRAHMAN KHALIF , MOHAMUD BAHJO ISMAIL 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: - The World health organization recommended intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy for every pregnant woman living in a malaria-endemic area to prevent and treat malaria during pregnancy. We aim to investigate the KAP of pregnant women toward intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy in selected medical centers in Banadir region, Mogadishu Somalia.Method: - A descriptive cross-sectional study with A sample size of 333 respondents was randomly selected from the pregnant women that visited antenatal care of the three selected hospitals during the data collection period. The data were analyzed using Descriptive statistics & Compute variables to produce good, middle, and poor KAP scores by using SPSS version 20.Results: - Study participants who were Married, were illiterate, currently are first pregnant, have a housewife occupation, and have less income were more significant to have poor knowledge, poor attitude, and poor practice.Conclusion: - Pregnant women and their embryonic in the study area are at risk, particularly those who were poor education, and income, and have first pregnancy more significantly related to having poor knowledge, poor attitude, and poor practice toward malaria intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy.
Quality of life among cervical cancer patients following completion of chemo-radiotherapy at Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI) in Tanzania
Authors: Mvunta David H. , August Furaha , Dharsee Nazima , Mvunta Miriam H. , Wangwe Peter , Ngarina Matilda , Simba Brenda M. , Kidanto Hussein 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: Effective cancer treatment involves aggressive chemo-radiotherapy protocols that alter survivors’ quality of life (QOL). This has recently aroused the attention not only to focus on clinical care but rather to be holistic and client-centered, looking beyond morbidity and mortality. The study assessed the QOL and associated factors among patients with cervical cancer (CC) after the completion of chemo-radiotherapy.Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Ocean Road Institute (ORCI) from September to November 2020. A total of 323 CC patients were interviewed with a structured questionnaire of QOL. The QOL domains, socio-demographic and clinical variables were analyzed with Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis on SPSS version 23, and a P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: More than half (54.8%) of the CC patients had a good overall QOL. Overall, QOL was affected by education (P=0.019), smoking (0.044), sexual partner (P=0.000), treatment modality (P=0.018), and time since completion of treatment (P=0.021). External beam radiation had a significant symptomatology (P<0.05) while combined external beam radiation and brachytherapy had higher functioning in most domains (P<0.05). Conclusions: A significant improvement in QOL was observed after chemo-radiotherapy and was affected by socio-demographic and clinical variables. Thus, calls for individualized care addressing distressing symptoms.
The outcomes of surgical management options for adult acquired buried penis
Authors: Falcone Marco , Preto Mirko , Timpano Massimiliano , Oderda Marco , Plamadeala Natalia , Cirigliano Lorenzo , Peretti Federica , Ferro Ilaria , Gontero Paolo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The available studies that provide a detailed analysis of functional and surgical outcomes after surgical correction of adult acquired buried penis(AABP) are limited. 28 patients who underwent surgical treatment of AABP from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively recruited. AABP repairs were classified according to surgical complexity following Santucci’s classification. The primary endpoint of the study was the recurrence-free rate(RFR) survival. The secondary endpoints were surgical, functional and patients’ reported outcomes(PROs). The most common complains at presentation were sexual(54%) and voiding(39%) dysfunction. 79% underwent a complex repair(≥III). Surgical management steps ranged from circumcision to more complex procedures, such as abdominoplasty(71%). When skin grafting was needed, a split thickness(25%) or full thickness skin graft(28.6%) was applied. Overall postoperative complications were recorded in 32.1%. High-grade complications(Clavien ≥3) occurred in 7.1%, all in high-complexity group. 1-year RFR survival was 88.7%. 57% answered the questionnaires. IPSS showed an improvement in urinary functon(pre=8(0-12) vs post=2(0-3)) and IIEF-15 in sexual functon(pre=37(23-68) vs post=68(45-72)) in postoperative settings. Overall, patients reported functional improvement and 93.5% were fully satisfied of the outcomes. QoL improved in 93.8% after the operation. Surgical management of AAPB, despite the high incidence of complications, guarantees satisfactory outcomes leading to a significant improvement in patients’ QoL.
Reduplicated Medial Parapatellar Plica: a Case of a Medial Plica Anatomical Variation Recalcitrant to Conservative Treatment
Authors: FERMÍN Theodorakys MARÍN , MACCHIAROLA Luca , TSAKOTOS George , TERZIDIS Ioannis , TOTLIS Trifon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The current study aims to report the radiologic and clinical appearance of a rare anatomical variation of the knee medial synovial plica along with its response to conservative and surgical treatment.Case presentation: This report portrays a 29 years old male patient with anteromedial gradual onset right knee pain, aggravated when descending stairs or prolonged sitting. Physical examination revealed medial parapatellar local tenderness, a palpable click in this area when the knee is extended, and hamstring tightness. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a duplicated medial plica, characterized by a high-intensity signal of the infrapatellar fat pad medial portion, after which a presumptive diagnosis of medial plica syndrome was proposed. After conservative treatment failure, the patient underwent standard knee arthroscopy that revealed a superior low profile and an inferior high profile medial plica, and hypertrophy of the medial portion of the infrapatellar fat pad. Both plicae and fat pad were resected with a mechanical shaver until no contact between the femoral trochlea and the fat pad was observed during full range of motion. At four weeks postoperatively, symptoms completely resolved, and the patient was allowed to return to full activity with no recurrences at one-year follow-up.Conclusion: The current study presented a rare anatomical variation of the knee medial synovial plica that was symptomatic and recalcitrant to conservative treatment. This case report may be useful for radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons to differentiate this special plica type and consider its response to conservative and surgical treatment during patient management.
Ventilation study of the human lungs by 19F MRI at 0.5 Tesla
Authors: Pavlova Olga S. , Anisimov Nikolay V. , Gulyaev Mikhail V. , Gervits Lev L. , Pirogov Yury A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To obtain information on functional lung activity by 19F MRI using low field (0.5T) MRI scanner.Methods: Two healthy and one post-Covid volunteers participated in the studies. As a contrast for 19F pulmonary MRI, the octafluorcyclobutane gas (OFCB) mixed with oxygen was used. MR scans of human lungs were conducted by 2D and 3D FSE methods. MRI data were used for volume reconstruction, calculation of V/Q, wash-in/-out and single breath dynamic measurements.Results: 3D imaging revealed gas distribution inhomogeneity in the post-Covid lungs. V/Q maps showed that the mean value of V/Q in the post-Covid lungs was less than in the healthy lungs - 0.1 vs. 0.5. The wash-in/-out dynamic measurements determined that fractional ventilation is 12±2% and wash-in time is 90±20s. Dynamics of gas distribution during one breath cycle was analyzed. The calculated inspiration and expiration maps gave normalized effective times for these stages - 0.30±0.07 and 0.15±0.04, respectively. Conclusion: Different 19F pulmonary MRI methods were implemented: 3D imaging, V/Q-mapping, wash-in/-out dynamics and single respiratory cycle imaging. The results are agreed with known data and demonstrates possibility of ventilation assessment of the lungs at 0.5 Tesla.
Business sustainability behaviour and alignment with climate targets
Authors: Cenci Simone , Burato Matteo , Rei Marek , Zollo Maurizio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Climate actions from the private sector are crucial to meeting country-level emissions targets. Therefore, an increasing number of companies have pledged to align their emissions with global
targets and have launched a wide variety of climate initiatives. However, the emissions pathways of most firms are still misaligned with these goals.
To explain the root causes of this discrepancy between effort and outcome, we developed a new methodology to track the actions implemented by major public corporations to contribute to the SDGs. Our analysis shows that firms aligned with climate targets prioritise actions focused on creating growth opportunities and fostering cooperation with other ecosystem players. Our approach also provides a potential solution to the limitations of ESG ratings for investment and management decisions. Finally, policymakers can use our approach to design behaviourally founded policy interventions to align business emissions with climate targets.
Role of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain RD1 (Lpb RD1) in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis: An in vitro analysis
Authors: Rathikota Durga , Yeguvapalli Suneetha , Krishna Sarma Potukuchi Venkata Gurunadha , Kataru Surekha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain RD1 (Lpb RD1), which was isolated and identified from the curd by 16 S rRNA sequencing. The probiotic properties of the isolated strain were studied by bile and NaCl tolerance and the ethyl acetate extract of (Lpb RD1), was used to determine the toxicity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines and human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell lines by MTTassay. DNA fragmentation assay was carried out to study apoptosis induction. Flow cytometry analysis was done to determine the % of a cell population using the FTIC-Annexin V staining method. RT-PCR was used to assess gene expression levels in both cell lines. The IC50 concentration of the ethyl acetate extract of (Lpb RD1), in MCF-7 cells was 0.30mg/ml. The expression levels of the BCL-2 gene anti-apoptotic genes in humans were reduced and BAX, Caspase 8, caspase3, and caspase 9 were an increased expression in MCF-7 cell lines.
The interplay between the airway epithelium and tissue macrophages during the SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Barreto-Duran Emilia , Szczepański Artur , Gałuszka-Bulaga Adrianna , Surmiak Marcin , Siedlar Maciej , Sanak Marek , Rajfur Zenon , Milewska Aleksandra , Lenart Marzena , Pyrć Krzysztof 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The first line of antiviral immune response in the lungs is secured by the innate immunity. Several cell types take part in this process, but airway macrophages (AMs) are among the most relevant ones. The AMs can phagocyte infected cells and activate the immune response through antigen presentation and cytokine release. However, the precise role of macrophages in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection is still largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of AMs during the SARS-CoV-2 infection using a co-culture of fully differentiated primary human airway epithelium (HAE) and human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs). Our results confirmed abortive SARS-CoV-2 infection in hMDMs, and their inability to transfer the virus to epithelial cells. However, we demonstrated a striking inhibition of viral replication in the HAEs when hMDMs were added apically after the epithelial infection, but not when added before the inoculation or on the basolateral side of the culture. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 inhibition by hMDMs seems to be driven by cell-to-cell contact and not by the cytokine production. Together, our results show, for the first time, that recruitment of macrophages may play an important role during the SARS-CoV-2 infection, limiting the virus replication and its spread.
The synergistic mechanism of fibroblast growth factor 18 and integrin β1 in rat abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Authors: Guo Yilong , Wei Ren , He Yuan , Zhang Hongpeng , Deng Jianqing , Guo Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysms have a high mortality rate. While surgery is the preferred treatment method, the biological repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms is being increasingly studied. We performed cellular and animal experiments to investigate the simultaneous function and mechanism of fibroblast growth factor 18 and integrin β1 in the biological repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.Methods: Endothelial and smooth muscle cells from rat arteries were used for the cellular experiments. Intracellular integrin β1 expression was regulated through lentiviral transfection. Interventions with fibroblast growth factor 18 were determined according to the experimental protocol. Several methods were used to detect the expression of elastic fiber component proteins, cell proliferation, and migratory activity of endothelial and smooth muscle cells after different treatments. For animal experiments, abdominal aortic aneurysms were induced in rats by wrapping the abdominal aortae in sterile cotton balls soaked with CaCl2 solution. Fibroblast growth factor 18 was administered through tail vein injections. The local expression of integrin β1 was regulated through lentiviral injections into the adventitia of the abdominal aortic aneurysms. The abdominal aortae were harvested for pathological examinations and tensile mechanical tests.Results: The expression of integrin β1 in endothelial and smooth muscle cells could be regulated effectively through lentiviral transfection. Animal and cellular experiments showed that fibroblast growth factor 18 + integrin β1 could improve the expression of elastic fiber component proteins and enhance the migratory and proliferative activities of smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Moreover, animal experiments showed that fibroblast growth factor 18 + integrin β1 could enhance the anti-stretching ability of aortic aneurysm tissue.Conclusion: Fibroblast growth factor 18 + integrin β1 improved the biological repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in rats by increasing the expression of elastic fibers, improving the migratory and proliferative abilities of endothelial and smooth muscle cells, and improving aortic remodeling.
WITHDRAWN: Impact of Inorganic, Organic and Biological Sources of Nutrients on Nutrient Content and Nutrient Uptake of Rice in an Inceptisol Soil of Tamil Nadu (Navarai Season)
Authors: S. Arun Kumar , Kumari Kamini , K. Arivazhagan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose; A field experiment was carried out during the Navarai season (2022) using rice variety ADT - 37 to assess the impact of different sources of nutrients on nutrient contents and nutrient uptake of rice in an Inceptisol soil of Tamil Nadu. Methods; The experimental soil was clay loam in texture and had a pH-8.10, EC-0.7 dSm-1, and available NPK of 186.20, 23.30, and 192.25 kg ha-1, respectively. The experiment comprised of nine treatments viz., T1 – Control, T2 - 100% RDF, T3 - 125% RDF , T4 - 100% RDF + Press mud @ 10 t ha-1 + 2% Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria, T5 – 100% RDF + Vermicompost @ 6 t ha-1 + 2% Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria, T6 – 100% RDF + Coirpith Compost @ 6 t ha-1 + 2% Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria, T7 – 125% RDF + Press mud @ 10 t ha-1 + 2% Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria, T8 – 125% RDF + Vermicompost @ 6 t ha-1 + 2% Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria, T9 – 125% RDF + Coirpith Compost @ 6 t ha-1 + 2% Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria. Results; The results revealed that application of 125% RDF + Vermicompost @ 6 t ha-1 + 2% Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria (T8) recorded higher values in nutrient content and nutrient uptake. Conclusions; It could be concluded that the T8 was found to be agronomically and economically viable, practice for augmenting higher production. Hence this can be recommended by the rice-growing farmers in Tamil Nadu.
Maslinic acid Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as hydrophobic anticancer drug carriers: formulation, in vitro activity and in vivo biodistribution
Authors: Aguilera-Garrido Aixa , Graván Pablo , Navarro-Marchal Saúl A. , Medina-O’donnell Marta , Parra Andrés , Gálvez-Ruiz María José , Marchal-Corrales Juan A. , Galisteo-González Francisco 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Epidemiology of United States Tennis-Related Ocular Injuries from 2000-2019
Authors: Patel Parth S , Uppuluri Aditya , Oydanich Marko , Langer Paul D. , Zarbin Marco A. , Bhagat Neelakshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE
To characterize trends in ocular tennis injuries over the last 20 years.
METHODS
The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was utilized to characterize tennis-related eye injuries in a nationally representative sample of emergency department visits. Data were divided into 5 age groups, and various demographic information was obtained.
RESULTS
Approximately 16,000 tennis-related ocular injuries were identified with males being affected nearly 2:1 compared to females. The youngest age group (0–20) had the greatest proportion of injuries, with most injuries in boys 11–15 years old. Injuries occurred most often during the spring season. Most patients were treated and released from the ED. Of those patients who were hospitalized, one-third had an open globe injury.
CONCLUSIONS
The overall number of injuries trended downward during the timespan of the study. Although most patients did not experience serious visual consequences, the greatest proportion of ocular tennis injuries occurred in the pediatric age group in whom the risk of amblyopia is high. Primary care providers and tennis regulatory bodies should consider recommending eye safety sports goggles in children to mitigate the potential for significant visual morbidity.
SPARC expression is in laryngeal carcinoma and its correlation with immune infiltrates
Authors: Hu Xiao yan , liu shuang , Xiang Li , Lv Liang ge , Jiang Liang , Zhang Jing , He Yu xiao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify SPARC expression in laryngeal carcinoma and its relationship with the tumor immune microenvironment at the genomic level.MethodsThe data of SPARC expression for laryngeal carcinoma tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues was downloaded from TCGA database. Then, CIBERSORT was used to deconvolve the proportion of 22 types of immune cells in laryngeal carcinoma normal tissues and cancer tissues. The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the Hub genes that were co-expressed with SPARC were performed using R package. The Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test were used to perform survival analysis. ResultsThe SPARC expression in laryngeal carcinoma tumor tissues was elevated relative to normal tissue (P < 0.001). Similarly, compared with paired adjacent normal tissues, SPARC expression significantly upregulated in tumor tissues (P = 0.002). However, survival analysis showed that there was no significant different in overall survival (OS) between SPARC low expression group and high expression group (P = 0.952). SPARC was negatively associated with the infiltration of B cells memory (r = -0.24, P = 0.024) and plasma cells (r = -0.26, P = 0.014). In addition, SPARC was positively correlated with macrophages M0 (r = 0.22, P = 0.038) and T cells CD4 memory resting (r =0.26, P = 0.014). Furthermore, the Hub genes of SPARC were enriched in extracellular matrix structural constituent, cell growth and/or maintenance and Beta3 integrin cell surface interactions.ConclusionsSPARC was overexpressed in laryngeal carcinoma tissues compared with normal adjacent tissues and was correlated with immune cells infiltrating.