bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-energy Se ion implantation in MoS2 monolayers
Authors: Bui Minh N. , Rost Stefan , Auge Manuel , Tu Jhih-Sian , Zhou Lanqing , Aguilera Irene , Blügel Stefan , Ghorbani-Asl Mahdi , Krasheninnikov Arkady V. , Hashemi Arsalan , Komsa Hannu-Pekka , Jin Lei , Kibkalo Lidia , O’Connell Eoghan N. , Ramasse Quentin M. , Bangert Ursel , Hofsäss Hans C. , Grützmacher Detlev , Kardynal Beata E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, we study ultra-low energy implantation into MoS2 monolayers to evaluate the potential of the technique in two-dimensional materials technology. We use 80Se+ ions at the energy of 20 eV and with fluences up to 5.0·1014 cm−2. Raman spectra of the implanted films show that the implanted ions are predominantly incorporated at the sulfur sites and MoS2−2xSe2x alloys are formed, indicating high ion retention rates, in agreement with the predictions of molecular dynamics simulations of Se ion irradiation on MoS2 monolayers. We found that the ion retention rate is improved when implantation is performed at an elevated temperature of the target monolayers. Photoluminescence spectra reveal the presence of defects, which are mostly removed by post-implantation annealing at 200 °C, suggesting that, in addition to the Se atoms in the substitutional positions, weakly bound Se adatoms are the most common defects introduced by implantation at this ion energy.
Otilonium bromide boosts antimicrobial activities of colistin against Gram-negative pathogens and their persisters
Authors: Xu Chen , Liu Chenyu , Chen Kaichao , Zeng Ping , Chan Edward Wai Chi , Chen Sheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractColistin is the last-line antibiotic against Gram-negative pathogens. Here we identify an FDA-approved drug, Otilonium bromide (Ob), which restores the activity of colistin against colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in vitro and in a mouse infection model. Ob also reduces the colistin dosage required for effective treatment of infections caused by colistin-susceptible bacteria, thereby reducing the toxicity of the drug regimen. Furthermore, Ob acts synergistically with colistin in eradicating multidrug-tolerant persisters of Gram-negative bacteria in vitro. Functional studies and microscopy assays confirm that the synergistic antimicrobial effect exhibited by the Ob and colistin involves permeabilizing the bacterial cell membrane, dissipating proton motive force and suppressing efflux pumps, resulting in membrane damages, cytosol leakage and eventually bacterial cell death. Our findings suggest that Ob is a colistin adjuvant which can restore the clinical value of colistin in combating life-threatening, multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
Gait switching and targeted navigation of microswimmers via deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Zou Zonghao , Liu Yuexin , Young Y.-N. , Pak On Shun , Tsang Alan C. H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSwimming microorganisms switch between locomotory gaits to enable complex navigation strategies such as run-and-tumble to explore their environments and search for specific targets. This ability of targeted navigation via adaptive gait-switching is particularly desirable for the development of smart artificial microswimmers that can perform complex biomedical tasks such as targeted drug delivery and microsurgery in an autonomous manner. Here we use a deep reinforcement learning approach to enable a model microswimmer to self-learn effective locomotory gaits for translation, rotation and combined motions. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered swimmer can switch between various locomotory gaits adaptively to navigate towards target locations. The multimodal navigation strategy is reminiscent of gait-switching behaviors adopted by swimming microorganisms. We show that the strategy advised by AI is robust to flow perturbations and versatile in enabling the swimmer to perform complex tasks such as path tracing without being explicitly programmed. Taken together, our results demonstrate the vast potential of these AI-powered swimmers for applications in unpredictable, complex fluid environments.
Highly efficient and thermally stable broadband near-infrared emitting fluoride Cs2KGaF6:Cr3+ for multiple LED applications
Authors: Wu Zixuan , Han Xinxin , Wang Juan , Zhou Yayun , Xing Ke , Cao Sheng , Zhao Jialong , Zou Bingsuo , Zeng Ruosheng 
Published: June 2022

A highly efficient (IQE = 90.2%) and thermally stable (I150 °C = 88.7%) broadband NIR emitting fluoride Cs2KGaF6:Cr3+ is explored. Meanwhile, a multipurpose high-performance NIR pc-LED with a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 22.05% is achieved.
Children With Unilateral Hearing Loss After Newborn Hearing Screening in Taiwan
Authors: Hung Yu-Chen , Chen Pei-Hua , Lin Tzu-Hui , Lim Tang Zhi 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
We explored the intervention characteristics and language outcomes of children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) in Taiwan after the implementation of universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) to highlight changes in attitudes and actions toward hearing-related treatments.

Method:
Data of 132 children with UHL in birth cohorts from 2012 to 2019 were included. This retrospective study examined differences in age at identification, hearing aid (HA) fitting, and seeking supportive services. Commonly requested attributes of services, reasons for HA rejection, and children's language performance were investigated.

Results:

The age at identification decreased from 50.3 months in 2012 to 2.6 months in 2019. Similar trends of declining age were obtained for the age at HA fitting and age at first service contact. In addition, 40% of the parents did not seek support until the child became older (
M
= 30.5 months) and showed more noticeable behaviors related to hearing loss, and only 64% of the children were consistent HA users. Children with UHL enrolled in the intervention programs approximated the average language performance of the assessment norm; however, they showed depressed language levels when compared to the norm group at the 75th percentile.

Conclusions:
UNHS had a positive impact on early identification and intervention in children with UHL. Compared to parents of children with all types of hearing loss, parents of children with UHL seemed to be more uncertain about aural habilitation at the early stage.
Feeding Skill and Behavior Changes in Children With Complex Feeding Disorders Following Therapy in an Intensive Multidisciplinary Feeding Program
Authors: Desai Hema , Lauridson Sarah , Nguyen Michelle , Ornelas Elisa , Schomberg John 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
This study aims to measure and describe changes in oral feeding skills and mealtime behaviors observed in children with complex feeding disorders and/or feeding tube dependence after participation in an intensive multidisciplinary feeding program. This is the first study to use a standardized tool to report feeding outcomes after patients received intensive feeding therapy using a combination of therapeutic strategies.

Method:
This was a prospective observational study examining the treatment outcomes of 34 patients (range: 13 months to 6.5 years) admitted into the Intensive Multidisciplinary Feeding Program using the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (PediEAT). Eighteen patients were tube dependent; 16 patients were oral feeders. All patients received 19 days of intensive feeding intervention. The PediEAT was completed by patient's caregiver at admission and discharge from the feeding program. Caregiver and patient demographics were also collected.

Results:
Statistical analysis of scores at admission (prescore) and at discharge (postscore) revealed significant improvements in PediEAT total scores and across all subscales for all patients. The largest degree of change was noted in the Problematic Mealtime Behaviors subscale. Patients who were oral feeders also demonstrated significant improvements in the Oral Processing subscale in addition to Problematic Mealtime Behaviors subscale. Tube-dependent patients presented with a large degree of change in the Selective Restrictive Eating subscale and in the Problematic Mealtime Behaviors subscale.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that the use of an individualized approach using a combination of therapeutic strategies results in statistically significant improvements in multiple feeding domains as measured by a validated tool after participating in an intensive multidisciplinary feeding program. Improvement in a child's ability to manage advanced textures and consistencies can have a significant impact on their willingness to engage in mealtimes. It is important to measure and report on their skills, in addition to behavioral responses and intake.
Considerations for Specialty Education in Voice and Upper Airway Disorders
Authors: Barkmeier-Kraemer Julie M. , Hapner Edie R. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this article was to describe the development and contributions of a voice and upper airway disorders (VUAD) grassroots committee of experts toward defining core features of a VUAD-focused clinical fellowship (CF). This group grew over 3 years to include more than 35 clinical experts representing multiple VUAD clinic sites across varied regions of the United States. This group proposed entry- and exit-level knowledge and skills and expectations for successful VUAD CF training outcomes at the 2021 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Convention. In addition, this group formulated resources and educational support networks for VUAD CF trainees and their supervisors. Future work by this group will define the criteria by which VUAD CFs will be included as part of clinical expertise experiences evaluated by the VUAD board.

Conclusions:
A collaborative group of grassroots experts in VUAD defined core entry- and exit-level expectations for clinical competency upon completion of a VUAD CF. Future research and efforts by this group will further characterize the current VUAD CF settings, populations served, and ranges of assessment and treatment services provided. Pilot programs were conducted offering educational and supervisory resources with positive outcomes that endorse the need for these critical mechanisms for supporting VUAD trainees and colleagues.
Adaptive fuzzy tracking control for non‐strict‐feedback non‐linear systems with non‐constant delays and full state constraints
Authors: Zhuang Zhiyue , Chen Yong , Liu Yuezhi , Zhang Longjie , Gao Feng , Huang Qiuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper aims at the tracking control problem of the non‐strict‐feedback non‐linear systems with non‐constant unknown delays and full state constraints. A constrained exponential Lyapunov–Krasovskii function‐based fuzzy adaptive dynamic surface control (CELK‐FADSC) method is proposed. In order to achieve the goal of full state constraints, the tan‐type Barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) is used. Furthermore, to reduce the influence of the non‐constant unknown delays on the system, an exponential Lyapunov–Krasovskii function is constructed. At the same time, sliding mode differentiator is adopted to the dynamic surface control (DSC) method, by which the ‘complexity explosion’ problem in backstepping is solved. In addition, the proposed adaptive tracking controller can ensure that the states in the closed‐loop system do not violate their constraint, and the semi‐global uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) can be achieved. Finally, simulation outcomes can prove the validity of the proposed method.
Denseformer: A dense transformer framework for person re‐identification
Authors: Ma Haoyan , Li Xiang , Yuan Xia , Zhao Chunxia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTransformer has shown its effectiveness and advantage in many computer vision tasks, for example, image classification and object re‐identification (ReID). However, existing vision transformers are stacked layer by layer, lacking direct information exchange among every layer. Inspired by DenseNet, we propose a dense transformer framework (termed Denseformer) that connects each layer to every other layer through class tokens. We demonstrate that Denseformer can consistently achieve better performance on person ReID tasks across datasets (Market‐1501, DukeMTMC, MSMT17, and Occluded‐Duke), only at a negligible increase of computation. We show that Denseformer has several compelling advantages: it pays more attention to the main parts of human bodies and obtains discriminative global features.
Improving the performance of helical motion resolver based on accurate modelling of longitudinal end effect
Authors: Zare Fateme , Nasiri‐Gheidari Zahra 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing multiple position sensors in the control system of Two‐Degrees of Freedom (2‐DOF) motors causes it more complicated than that of conventional 1‐DOF ones. However, employing a 2‐DOF position sensor in comparison with two independent sensors, reduces the complexity, mass and volume of the system. The common 2‐DOF sensors are able to determine the position in linear, rotational, and helical motion. Yet, they suffer from accuracy reduction due to the longitudinal end effect. Therefore, analytical modelling and the relevant compensation methods are discussed. The accuracy of the model is approved by comparing its results with those of 3D time transient finite element method. Afterwards, the model is used for compensating the end effects. Finally, the optimised 2‐DOF resolver is prototyped and tested. The result of experimental test shows the proposed resolver's success.
Interrupting characteristics of a DC combined apparatus for rail transit systems
Authors: Zhang Haixia , Wang Xuedong , Xiang Bin , Wang Dongyu , Li Hongxu , Liu Zhiyuan , Geng Yingsan , Wang Jianhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe short‐circuit fault current of the urban rail transit systems is hard to interrupt due to the high amplitude and the high rising rate. The existing air DC circuit breakers applied in the rail transit DC traction system are difficult to interrupt the short‐circuit fault current quickly and reliably, and cannot meet the increasing demand of the system capacity. The objective of this paper is to design a novel DC combined apparatus including a DC fuse module and an artificial zero crossing module series‐connected to solve the problem of rapid isolation of short‐circuit fault current in DC traction systems. The DC fuse module consists of a DC fuse and a transfer switch with additional auxiliary coils. Experimental results show that the DC combined apparatus can interrupt the rated current, overload current, and short‐circuit current effectively within 6 ms. It can interrupt a 20 kA overload current within 5.12 ms, and the interrupting time of a prospective short‐circuit current of 100 kA is less than 5.08 ms. The designed DC combined apparatus has the full range of current interrupting capacity and has the advantages of low on‐state loss and low cost, which can significantly improve the reliability and stability of rail transit systems.
Multiline observations of CH3OH, c-C3H2, and HNCO toward L1544
Authors: Lin Y. , Spezzano S. , Sipilä O. , Vasyunin A. , Caselli P. 
Published: June 2022

Context. Pre-stellar cores are the basic unit for the formation of stars and stellar systems. The anatomy of the physical and chemical structures of pre-stellar cores is critical for understanding the star formation process.
Aims. L1544 is a prototypical pre-stellar core that shows significant chemical differentiation surrounding the dust peak. We aim to constrain the physical conditions at the different molecular emission peaks. This study allows us to compare the abundance profiles predicted from chemical models with the classical density structure of the Bonnor-Ebert (BE) sphere.
Methods. We conducted multi-transition pointed observations of CH3OH, c-C3H2, and HNCO with the IRAM 30m telescope toward the dust peak and the respective molecular peaks of L1544. Using this data set, with nonlocal-thermodynamic-equilibrium radiative transfer calculations and a one-dimensional model, we revisit the physical structure of L1544 and benchmark the observations with the abundance profiles from current chemical models.
Results. We find that the HNCO, c-C3H2, and CH3OH lines in L1544 trace progressively higher-density gas, from ~104 to several times 105 cm−3. Particularly, we find that to produce the observed intensities and ratios of the CH3OH lines, a local gas density enhancement above that of the BE sphere is required. This suggests that the physical structure of an early-stage core may not necessarily follow a smooth decrease in gas density profile locally, but can be intercepted by clumpy substructures that surround the gravitational center.
Conclusions. Multiple transitions of molecular lines from different molecular species can provide a tomographic view of the density structure of pre-stellar cores. The local gas density enhancement deviating from the BE sphere may reflect the impact of accretion flows that appear asymmetric and are enhanced at the meeting point of large-scale cloud structures.
Solar-cycle variation of quiet-Sun magnetism and surface gravity oscillation mode
Authors: Korpi-Lagg M. J. , Korpi-Lagg A. , Olspert N. , Truong H.-L. 
Published: June 2022

Context. The origins of quiet-Sun magnetism (QS) is still under debate and investigating the solar cycle variation observationally in greater detail can provide clues on how to resolve the ensuing controversies.
Aims. We investigate the solar cycle variation of the most magnetically quiet regions and their surface gravity oscillation (f-) mode-integrated energy, Ef.
Methods. We used 12 years of Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) data and applied a stringent selection criteria based on spatial and temporal quietness to avoid any influence from active regions (ARs). We developed an automated high-throughput pipeline to go through all available magnetogram data and to compute the value of Ef for the selected quiet regions.
Results. We observed a clear solar cycle dependence of the magnetic field strength in the most quiet regions containing several supergranular cells. For patch sizes smaller than a supergranular cell, no significant cycle dependence was detected. The Ef at the supergranular scale is not constant over time. During the late ascending phase of Cycle 24 (SC24, 2011-2012), it is roughly constant, but starts diminishing in 2013, as the maximum of SC24 is approached. This trend continues until mid-2017, when hints of strengthening at higher southern latitudes are seen. Slow strengthening continues, stronger at higher latitudes than at the equatorial regions, but Ef never returns to the values seen in 2011-2012. In addition, the strengthening trend continues past the solar minimum, to the years when SC25 is already clearly ascending. Hence, the Ef behavior is not in phase with the solar cycle.
Conclusions. The dependence of Ef on the solar cycle at supergranular scales is indicative of the fluctuating magnetic field being replenished by tangling from the large-scale magnetic field – and not solely due to the action of a fluctuation dynamo process in the surface regions. The absence of variations on smaller scales might be an effect of the limited spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity of HMI. The anticorrelation of Ef with the solar cycle in gross terms is expected, but the phase shift of several years indicates a connection to the large-scale poloidal magnetic field component rather than the toroidal one. Calibrating AR signals with the QS Ef does not reveal significant enhancement of the f-mode prior to AR emergence.
Covered self-expandable metal stents for pancreatic duct stricture: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tringali Alberto , Costa Deborah , Rota Matteo , Adler Douglas G. , Costamagna Guido 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Placement of a covered (C)-self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) has been recently investigated as an alternative endoscopic treatment for main pancreatic duct stricture (MPDS) in chronic pancreatitis. Our aim was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies quantifying efficacy and safety of C-SEMSs in the management of MPDS.
Methods A multiple database search was performed, including MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library, from January 2000 to September 2020, to identify studies reporting the efficacy and safety of C-SEMSs in patients with MPDS. Stricture and pain resolution were investigated. Other outcomes included technical success, stent migration, stricture recurrence and need for repeated stent placement. Pancreatitis, severe abdominal pain requiring stent removal and de-novo stricture were recorded as complications.
Results Nineteen studies were identified, which included a total of 300 patients. C-SEMSs showed a pooled stricture resolution rate of 91 % [95 % confidence interval (CI), 85 %–96 %] and a pooled pain resolution rate of 92 % (95 % CI, 85 %–98 %). The pooled proportion for stricture recurrence was equal to 6 % (95 % CI, 1 %–14 %), while stent migration occurred in 33 of 300 patients, the pooled proportion being 7 % (95 % CI 1 %–15 %). The pooled mean stent duration was 133 days (95 % CI, 100–166 days). The most common complication was pancreatitis (3 %, 95 % CI 0 %–8 %), while de-novo stricture pooled proportion was 2 % (95 % CI, 0 %–5 %).
Conclusions C-SEMSs are effective and safe in the treatment of MPDS. However, there is a significant need for further high-quality, well-designed studies to produce evidence-based data on short and long-term efficacy, safety, costs of C-SEMSs, and also optimal stent duration.
Weight loss after endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is independent of suture pattern: results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gkolfakis Paraskevas , Van Ouytsel Pauline , Mourabit Youssef , Fernandez Michael , Yared Rawad , Deviere Jacques , Huberty Vincent 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims This was a single-blind, single-center, prospective randomized controlled trial aimed at comparing the efficacy of three different suture patterns for endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty using Endomina (E-ESG).
Patients and methods The suture patterns aimed to modify gastric accommodation by increasing the fundus distention ability (Group A), to reduce gastric volume (Group B) or to interrupt gastric emptying (Group C). Patients were randomized 1:1:1 and underwent clinical follow-up, gastric emptying scintigraphy, and satiety tests at baseline and 6 and 12 months post-procedure. The primary outcome was total body weight loss (TBWL) and excess weight loss (EWL) at 12 months post-procedure. Secondary outcomes included the impact of the suture patterns on gastric emptying and satiety.
Results Overall, 48 patients (40 [83.3 %] female, aged 41.9 ± 9.5 years, body mass indexI 33.8 ± 2.7 kg/m2) were randomized (16 in each group). In the entire cohort, mean (95 % confidence interval [CI]) TBWL and EWL at the end of the follow-up were 10.11 % (7.1–13.12) and 42.56 (28.23–56.9), respectively. There was no difference among the three study groups in terms of TBWL (95 %CI) (9.13 % [2.16–16.11] vs. 11.29 % [5.79–16.80] vs. 9.96 % [4.58–15.35]; P = 0.589) and EWL (95 %CI) (34.54 % [6.09–62.99] vs. 44.75 % [23.63–65.88] vs. 46.94 % [16.72–77.15]; P = 0.888) at 12 months post-procedure. The three groups did not differ in terms of mean gastric emptying time or in terms of satiety tests at the end of the follow-up. No serious adverse events occurred.
Conclusions Three different suture patterns during E-ESG demonstrated comparable efficacy in terms of weight loss, with an overall EWL of > 25 % and TBWL of > 10 % at 12 months.