bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of Office-Based Labs to an Interventional Radiology Practice
Authors: Lee Shimwoo , Srinivasa Ravi N. , Patel Prital , Genshaft Scott , Enzmann Dieter R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose Office-based laboratories (OBLs), or outpatient interventional suites, are rapidly gaining traction with both patients and interventionalists. Compared with hospitals, OBLs can provide greater convenience for patients, allow physicians greater autonomy, and potentially generate more revenue under a lower cost structure. The aim of this article is to discuss logistics and finances of running an OBL using the authors' institution as a guide for interventional radiologists seeking to establish their own OBL.
Materials and Methods Interventional radiology (IR) procedures performed at an OBL from the authors' academic institution were reviewed from January 2017 to December 2020. Yearly revenues and expenses related to IR procedures were recorded.
Results The number and complexity of IR procedures performed in the OBL increased over time with nearly 10-fold growth of revenue from 2017 to 2020.
Conclusion Most IR procedures performed in the hospital are feasible in the OBL setting, and by increasing patient volume and variety over time, an individual OBL can develop into a robust patient care center capable of generating revenue.
The Use of Biologic Wound Agents in Pediatric Reconstructions
Authors: May Jessica M. , Depani Monal , Ferry Andrew M. , Koshy John C. , Thornton James F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe indications for using biologic wound agents have expanded greatly since first being employed for acute burn management. The majority of the literature details the use of said agents in the adult population; however, there is little representation regarding their uses for reconstructing defects typically observed in the pediatric population. Ironically, children, and to a lesser extent adolescents, greatly benefit from their use given the reduced skin laxity and amount of surrounding tissue available for locoregional tissue transfer when compared with adults. Herein, we detail the use of acellular and cellular biologic wound agents in the pediatric population.
Technical Refinements with the Use of Biologic Healing Agents
Authors: Dibbs Rami P. , Depani Monal , Thornton James F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSoft tissue defects resulting from trauma, vascular disease, burns, and postoncologic resections require reconstructive surgery for appropriate wound coverage and support. Dermal substitutes have been applied to a vast array of reconstructive settings across nearly all anatomical areas with demonstrable success. However, they require meticulous handling and operative technical expertise to optimize management of these soft tissue defects. In this review, we will address three dermal substitutes, their operative techniques, and their surgical applications.
Predictive Mortality Factors after Decompressive Craniectomy in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Leite Maria Luísa Brito Almino , Leite Matheus Silva , Barbosa Fernando Diogo , Kessler Iruena Moraes 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Decompressive craniectomy is a consolidated method for the treatment of malignant ischemic stroke (iS) in the territory of the middle cerebral artery. Thus, factors contributing to mortality constitute an important area of investigation.
Objective To evaluate the epidemiological clinical profile and predictors of mortality in a single-center population of patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of malignant iS.
Methods A single-center retrospective study was performed in 87 patients with malignant iS subjected to emergency decompressive craniectomy from January 2014 to December 2017. Age, gender, laterality, aphasia, time interval between disease onset and treatment, and clinical and neurological outcomes using the Glasgow coma scale were assessed. The patients were stratified by age: a group of participants 60 years old or younger, and a group of participants older than 60 years old for assessment of survival and mortality by the Kaplan-Meier test and log-rank comparison. The intensity of the association between demographic and clinical variables was evaluated by multivariate Cox regression.
Results Ischemic stroke was prevalent in patients with hypertension (63.29%). Seventy-seven (84%) patients had some type of postoperative complication, mostly pneumonia (42.8%). The risk of death was 2.71 (p = 0.0041) and 1.93 (p = 0.0411) times higher in patients older than 60 and with less than 8 points on the Glasgow coma scale, respectively.
Conclusion Malignant iS has a significant mortality rate. Age above 60 years and Glasgow coma scale values below 8 were statistically correlated with unfavorable prognosis.
Venous Size Discrepancy Is a Critical Factor When Using Superficial Temporal Vessels as Recipient Vessels for Free Flaps
Authors: Mata Ribeiro Luís , Tsao Chung-Kan , Hung Yu-Liang , Chu Chun-Hui , Lin Li-Ching , Lin Mo-Han , Peng Chi , Cheong David Chon-Fok , Hung Shao-Yu , Liao Chun-Ta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Superficial temporal vessels have been used successfully as recipient vessels for head and neck reconstruction. This study evaluates the impact of several treatment variables on flap failure and take-back rate when using these recipient vessels.
Methods We conducted a retrospective study of all microsurgical reconstructions using superficial temporal vessels as recipient vessels in a period of 10 years. Variables collected included previous treatments (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, neck dissection, free flap reconstruction), type of flaps used (soft tissue, osteocutaneous), and vessel size discrepancy between donor and recipient vessels.
Results A total of 132 patients were included in the study. The flap success rate was 98.5%. The take-back rate was 10.6%. The most frequent reason for take-back was venous congestion secondary to thrombosis. None of the studied variables was associated with flap failure. Reconstructions using osteocutaneous flaps and vein diameter discrepancy (ratio ≥ 2:1) had significantly higher take-back rates.
Conclusion Flaps with a significant size discrepancy between donor and recipient veins (ratio ≥ 2:1) and fibula flaps (compared with soft tissue flaps) were associated with a higher risk of take-back. It is crucial to minimize venous engorgement during flap harvest and anastomosis, and limit vein redundancy during flap in-setting.
Evaluation of the Cariogenic Potential and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Saliva after the Consumption of Candies and Paneer: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Shah Tanvi J. , R. Manju , Joshi Aum B. , Reenayai Ngangbam 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aim The present study was performed to assess and compare the changes in pH, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of saliva after consuming candies, followed by rinsing with water and consumption of paneer.
Materials and Methods Baseline saliva of 5 mL was collected from 60 children and they were asked to chew on candies. After 10 minutes of intake of candies, 5 mL of saliva was collected. They were then divided into two groups of 30 each and test products were given. Group 1: rinse with water and group 2: chew 20 g of paneer and swallow. Saliva of % mL was collected after 10, 20, and, 30 minutes from the study groups. The saliva samples collected were assessed for pH, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and TAC. The data were analyzed using the paired t-test and post hoc Tukey's test.
Results The pH, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase decreased from baseline values after consuming candies significantly (p < 0.001). These increased after rinsing with water and consumption of paneer which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The TAC values increased significantly after consuming candies and decreased after rinsing with water and consumption of paneer which was substantial for both the groups.
Conclusion Consumption of candies created a cariogenic milieu. Both the study groups were effective in the reversal of the cariogenic potential. The consumption of paneer caused remineralizing properties and showed superior results than rinsing with water.
Predictors of Disparities in Patient-Reported Outcomes before and after Arthroscopic Meniscectomy
Authors: Bloise Christopher , Fong Bronson , Jeffers Kirk , Bronstone Amy , Leonardi Claudia , Veale Todd , Poche John , Dasa Vinod 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to identify predictors of disparities in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) before and after arthroscopic meniscectomy. Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was used in this study. All patients who underwent single-knee arthroscopic meniscectomy from January 2012 to March 2018 performed by a single surgeon at an academic safety-net hospital were identified. We excluded patients who had undergone ipsilateral previous knee surgery, bilateral meniscectomy, or concomitant ligament, cartilage, or osteotomy procedures, and those with severe radiographic osteoarthritis in the operated knee, missing preoperative data, or military insurance. Data abstracted from medical records included demographics (age, sex, race, insurance type), clinical characteristics (body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, and Kellgren-Lawrence [KL] grade), procedure codes, and KOOS assessed before and 90 days after surgery. Multivariable analyses investigated the associations between patient characteristics and the KOOS Pain, other Symptoms, and Function in activities of daily living (ADL) subscales. Among 251 eligible patients, most were female (65.5%), half were of nonwhite race (50.2%), and almost one third were insured by Medicaid (28.6%). Medicaid and black race were statistically significant (p < 0.05) predictors of worse preoperative values for all three KOOS subscales. Medicaid insurance also predicted a lower likelihood of successful surgery, defined as meeting the 10-point minimal clinically important difference, for the KOOS symptoms (p < 0.05) and KOOS ADL (p < 0.05) subscales. Compared with patients without definitive evidence of radiographic osteoarthrosis (KL grade 1), those with moderate radiographic osteoarthritis (KL grade 3) were less likely to have a successful surgical outcome (p < 0.05 for all subscales). Worse preoperative KOOS values predicted worse postoperative KOOS values (p < 0.001 for all subscales) and a lower likelihood of surgical success (p < 0.01 for all subscales). Insurance-based disparities in access to orthopaedic care for meniscus tears may explain worse preoperative PROMs and lower success rates of meniscectomy among Medicaid patients. Patients with meniscus tears and radiological and/or magnetic resonance imaging evidence of osteoarthritis should be carefully evaluated to determine the appropriateness of arthroscopic meniscectomy.
Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 Gene Polymorphism during Pandemic: COVID-19 Family
Authors: Tukek Tufan , Pehlivan Sacide , Oyaci Yasemin , Isoglu-Alkac Ummuhan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) is a serine protease which is believed to be an important factor in the inherited immune system. In this article, we present a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) family of five patients: a 56-year-old father, a 51-year-old mother, two sons aged 23 and 21 years, and a 15-year-old daughter. According to the results of MBL2
rs1800450 variant analysis performed, the father had homozygous mutant, the mother had homozygous normal, and the three children had heterozygous mutant genotype. When we compared the clinical parameters and genotypes, MBL2 gene polymorphism plays a very important role in COVID-19 susceptibility and severe disease. The family, which makes up our study, is the proof of this situation, and it contains important implications for host factors and COVID-19.
Psoriasis: An Immunogenetic Perspective
Authors: Kocaaga Ayca , Kocaaga Mustafa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPsoriasis is an erythematous-squamous dermatosis with a polygenic inheritance history. Both environmental and genetic factors play a role in the etiology of the disease. Over the past two decades, numerous linkage analyzes and genome-wide association studies have been conducted to investigate the role of genetic variation in disease pathogenesis and progression. To date, >70 psoriasis susceptibility loci have been identified, including HLA-Cw6, IL12B, IL23R, and LCE3B/3C. Some genetic markers are used in clinical diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and personalized new drug development that can further explain the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This review summarizes the immunological mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis and recent advances in susceptibility genes and highlights new potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Genetic Variants in Interleukin-10 Gene Association with Susceptibility and Cervical Cancer Development: A Case Control Study
Authors: Pratap Pushpendra D. , Raza Syed Tasleem , Zaidi Ghazala , Kunwar Shipra , Ahmad Sharique , Charles Mark Rector , Eba Ale , Rajput Muneshwar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most destructive disease caused by persistent HPV infection which affects women worldwide, especially in developing countries. The genetic basis of host immune response especially cytokine function has been shown to influence CC susceptibility. Studies have demonstrated that IL-10 gene polymorphism have been associated with numerous malignancies, but in context to CC results were inconclusive. Though, aim of our study to investigate the association between IL-10 -1082A/G and -819C/T promoter polymorphism and CC susceptibility.
Material and Methods This study comprised 192 women with CC and 200 controls. HPV detection was done by RT-PCR and genotyping was assessed through PCR-RFLP method. Serum concentration of IL-10 measured by ELISA.
Results Women with AG and AG+GG genotypes of IL-10 -1082A/G had two-fold increased risk of CC [OR, 2.35 (95% CI, 1.54–3.58), p = 0.005], [OR, 2.03 (95% CI, 1.36–3.04), p = 0.0005] compared to controls. Women with G allele of -1082A/G polymorphism had linked with CC susceptibility [OR, 1.39 (95% CI, 1.02–1.88), p = 0.036] compared to controls. No significant difference was found between patients and controls in the genotype or allele frequencies of IL–10 -819C/T polymorphism [OR, 1.00 (95% CI, 0.63–1.58), p = 0.99]. The level of serum concentration of IL-10 was significantly higher in cases compared to controls.
Conclusion These findings help to understand that polymorphism of IL-10 -1082A/G gene is associated with increased risk of CC development and can serve as a marker of genetic susceptibility to CC.
A Novel Interactive Virtual Medical Student Clinical Rotation for Ophthalmology
Authors: Frisbie James , Cornman Hannah , Swamy Ramya , Alexander Janet Leath , Kemp Pavlina S. , Friedrich Rebekah , Driscoll Colleen A. Hughes , Levin Moran R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective This article describes a novel clinical rotation that uses technology to create a remote ophthalmology learning experience with the goal of improving virtual exposure to medical and surgical ophthalmic training for medical students.
Methods Our unique curriculum incorporates mobile-mounted tablets which allow students to virtually participate in inpatient consults, clinic, and ophthalmic surgery. An adaptable mounting device attached to the slit lamp allows students to observe examinations in real time, enhancing recognition of ocular pathologies. Students participate in a robust curriculum that includes independent learning modules, video lectures, interactive modules, podcasts, and surgical video rounds. Students engage with residents and faculty in interactive-guided lectures and case-based discussions that focus on the American Academy of Ophthalmology white paper teaching objectives. Students are mailed surgical instruments and participate in surgical modules and faculty-led virtual wet laboratories.
Results Our unique virtual curriculum combines didactic learning, interactive content, and novel technology applications such as mobile tablets, slit lamp-mounted devices, and faculty-led virtual wet laboratories.
Conclusion Virtual technologies can be utilized to enhance ophthalmology medical student education in a safe and effective way during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and to improve educational access in the future.
An Academic Ophthalmology Curriculum as a Model for Introducing Preprofessional Students to Careers in Ophthalmology
Authors: Succar Tony , Lee Virginia A. , Karmonik Christopher , Lee Andrew G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOphthalmology is one of the most rewarding and fulfilling medical careers in medicine due to the broad practice scope (including a combination of medicine and surgery); patient population (treatment of pediatric and adult patients); diverse patient and pathology mix (healthy eye exams, refractions, and pathology); high patient and provider satisfaction rates; and highly specialized technology and treatments. Unfortunately, academic exposure to ophthalmology as a career in medical school curricula has had a global decline for decades. While most of the evidence-based interventions found in the literature have resulted in enhanced educational outcomes, ophthalmology exposure should be initiated earlier which provided an impetus for developing and implementing a structured curriculum for introducing preprofessional students to careers in ophthalmology. Educational programs offered in the pipeline from high school to college can reach students who are still undecided about higher education and career choices, thus providing an opportunity for increasing the numbers of students in medical and health professions. We describe a structured, academic curriculum model for pregraduate and undergraduate students to enhance interest and to increase academic exposure to basic clinical, research, and educational domains in ophthalmology. The Houston Methodist Hospital (HMH) Academic Institute offers an unparalleled 10-week summer student research program that matches HMH faculty members with students from multiple levels (e.g., high school, college undergraduates, and medical school). Students undergo prerequisite virtual training; attend weekly didactic lectures given by mentors, invited speakers, and other local leaders; shadow health care providers in active clinical settings as observers; participate in active research projects; present at local conferences; and are encouraged to eventually publish their work. We describe the structured curriculum from our first Summer Internship Program for High Schoolers in ophthalmology. To our knowledge an ophthalmology internship program for preprofessional students has not been previously published in the literature.
Genetic Variants and Drug Efficacy in Tuberculosis: A Step toward Personalized Therapy
Authors: Khan Almas , Abbas Mohammad , Verma Sushma , Verma Shrikant , Rizvi Aliya Abbas , Haider Fareya , Raza Syed Tasleem , Mahdi Farzana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major infectious disease affecting individuals worldwide. Current TB treatment strategy recommends the standard short-course chemotherapy regimen containing first-line drug, i.e., isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol to treat patients suffering from drug-susceptible TB. Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causing agent, is susceptible to drugs, some patients do not respond to the treatment or treatment may result in serious adverse reactions. Many studies revealed that anti-TB drug-related toxicity is associated with genetic variations, and these variations may also influence attaining maximum drug concentration. Thus, inter-individual diversities play a characteristic role by influencing the genes involved in drug metabolism pathways. The development of pharmacogenomics could bring a revolution in the field of treatment, and the understanding of germline variants may give rise to optimized targeted treatments and refine the response to standard therapy. In this review, we briefly introduced the field of pharmacogenomics with the evolution in genetics and discussed the pharmacogenetic impact of genetic variations on genes involved in the activities, such as anti-TB drug transportation, metabolism, and gene regulation.
The Human Genetics of Dental Anomalies
Authors: Khan Mahamad Irfanulla , Ahmed Nadeem , Neela Praveen Kumar , Unnisa Nayeem 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe development of tooth is a highly complex procedure and mastered by specific genetic programs. Genetic alterations, environmental factors, and developmental timing can disturb the execution of these programs, and result in various dental anomalies like hypodontia/oligodontia, and supernumerary teeth, which are commonly seen in our clinical practice. Advances in molecular research enabled the identification of various genes involved in the pathogenesis of dental anomalies. In the near future, it will help provide a more accurate diagnosis and biological-based treatment for these anomalies. In this article, we present the molecular phenomenon of tooth development and the genetics of various dental anomalies.
Special issue on ‘Shifting Borders of European (In)Securities: Human Security, Border (In)Security and Mobility in Security’﻿
Authors: Panebianco Stefania , Tallis Benjamin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOver the past decade, the European Union (EU) has faced a severe migration crisis that brought to the fore the issues of borders and security—including security at borders and the borders of security. This article introduces the special issue ‘Shifting Borders of European (In)Securities: Human Security, Border (In)Security and Mobility in Security’ going beyond the traditional dichotomy vision of borders, namely inclusion versus exclusion (Panebianco 2016). It sets the scene to examine the proliferating insecurities at and in reference to EU borders, suggesting a migrant-centred understanding of human security and mobility and its complex relations to—and tensions with—more traditional conceptions of border security. In particular, this introductory paper opens up the possibility of disentangling the complexity of (in)securities and (im)mobilities. Like the rest of the special issue, it shows that state security and human security are not mutually exclusive and can in fact be mutually reinforcing, even if this unfortunately remains the exception rather than the norm in practice. The paper (and the special issue) seeks to elaborate a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the challenges of shifting borders of European (in)securities, thus shedding light on complex migration phenomena and contributing to better understanding of these issues and what can be done about them in, but also beyond, academia.
The history and evolution of Vietnam tourism.
Authors: Bui Huong T. , Bui He T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

This chapter offers a comprehensive view of the evolution of tourism in Vietnam against the backdrop of the long and complicated history of the country. The history of Vietnam tourism divides into four major periods, tourism in: (1) the monarchical period (from the 10th century to the 18th century); (2) French colonial Vietnam; (3) post colonial divided Vietnam; and (4) contemporary Vietnam.