bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: A case report
Authors: Tan H.L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDA-R) encephalitis is well-characterised autoimmune encephalitis with prominent psychiatric manifestations, neurological manifestations like speech dysfunction, seizures, dyskinesias and other movement abnormalities, decreased level of consciousness and autonomic instability. This disorder affects primarily children and adults up to 45 years. Females are 4 times more common than males and may have association with ovarian teratoma.ObjectivesTo identify anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis based on clinical features, facilitate early screening and relevant investigations to prevent delay in treatment.MethodsA case study of 36 year old female presented with clinical manifestations of autoimmune encephalitis syndrome.ResultsDiagnosis confirmed by presence of NMDA receptor antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid.ConclusionsEarly recognition of clinical features of Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and early initiation of treatment has shown to improve outcomes, speed recovery and reduce the risk of relapses.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Scissors and tweezers: A skin-picking disorder case report
Authors: Garcia S. Vilas Boas , Fernandes N. , Coelho I. , Costa R. , Durval R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSkin-Picking Disorder (SPD) is psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent and excessive picking of the skin. There are several attempts to stop the behavior and it causes negative consequences such as dermatological complications and functional impairment.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to describe a case report of SPD.MethodsData was collected retrospectively from case notes.ResultsA 30 year-old male, married with 2 children, currently on sick leave, was admitted to the Day Hospital at Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa (CHPL) with worsen skin-picking behaviour and functional impairment. During childhood the patient would “cut my toe nails the wrong way so that I could fix them”. By adolescence the patient suffered from acne and felt the need to “solve” them and take out the pus. Over the years the skin-picking behaviour spread to other areas of the body, mainly dorsal and chest areas. Before being admitted to the Day Hospital the episodes were daily and had 2-3 hours duration, using scissors and tweezers and evolving his family, asking his wife’s help with picking. He is being treated with fluoxetine 80 mg, risperidone 2 mg and N-acetylcysteine 1200 mg and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. He is also participating in the Day Hospital activities that include occupational therapy, movement therapy, psychoeducation. After 2 months he has a few 20 minutes episodes per week, spends more time with his children and thinks about coming back to work.ConclusionsSPD is a severe and debilitating illness that benefits from a multidisciplinary approach.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Revisiting the “obsessional slowness” syndrome
Authors: Fernandes C. Pedro , Mangas M. , Jorge B. , Freitas D. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionObsessional slowness (OS) is a rare condition of disabling slow motor performance, first described in 1974, by Rachman, who documented 10 cases of “primary obsessional slowness”. Rachman argued that, although his patients with OS had Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), their motor symptoms were not related to the presence of motor-slowness-triggering obsessions/compulsions (e.g. checking and mental rituals). Whether OS truly is a distinct and “primary” entity is still a controversial issue, however.ObjectivesTo present and discuss the phenomenology of OS.MethodsCase reports of OS published in the literature, including Rachman’s descriptions.ResultsThe literature on OS is extremely limited, with no published, large-scale descriptive studies or randomized controlled trials. Some authors doubt that OS is a “primary” condition, pointing out the clear overlap between OS and catatonia and emphasizing that the latter disorder also occurs in non-schizophrenic patients, for example, ones with OCD. Additionally, OCD and depression often co-occur. Thus, in severe cases, it may be challenging to disentangle the separate contribution of both disorders to psychomotor slowness. It is also crucial to exclude the possibility that a patience has juvenile parkinsonism or other causes of motor slowness before diagnosing him/her with OS, given that the diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for OS and the aforementioned disorders differ.ConclusionsOS seems to be a rare but often disabling motor manifestation of OCD, rather than a primary disease entity. However, some cases sit on the edge of current diagnostic criteria. Future research should help define OS more precisely.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Older adults’ sexual well-being and person-centered psychotherapy: A qualitative study
Authors: Humboldt S. Von , Ribeiro-Gonçalves J. , Leal I. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionA qualitative study about older adults’ sexual well-being and person-centered psychotherapyObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the main concerns related to sexual well-being revealed by older adults in person-centered therapy, using qualitative research.MethodsInterviews with 58 older participants, aged 65 to 82 years, living in the community were submitted to content analysis.ResultsEight main themes emerged from the results of the content analysis: Partner unavailability, family issues, physical changes due to aging, worries about hygiene, sexual dysfunctions, fear of physical abuse, communication issues and concerns about sexual transmitted diseases.ConclusionsThis study was relevant towards identifying the challenges older adults feel regarding their sexual well-being, as shared in therapy. Older adults referred their greatest challenges to be partner unavailability, family issues and physical changes due to aging.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Cancer and the threat of death
Authors: Regaya M. , Amamou B. , Said H. Ben , Gaha L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionFear of death is somehow a normal sensation. Though for those having a cancer, it could increase the burden of the disease and have negative psychological impacts. This death anxiety isn’t easily verbalized by patients, thus it’s important for caregivers to manage it to improve those patients’ quality of life.ObjectivesAssess death anxiety in cancer patients and to identify factors that may influence itMethodsOur study was a cross-sectional descriptive study with an analytical focus on quantitative specifications. It targeted patients hospitalized at the oncology department or consultant at the day hospital of the regional hospital of Gabes, Tunisia. Participants completed a questionnaire including sociodemographic and clinical data, using HADS scale for anxious and depressive symptoms and DAS scale for death anxiety.ResultsOne hundred and twenty patients were enrolled in the study. The average age of participants were 54, 9 ±11, 8 years. The majority of patients were married (68.3%) and had an average socioeconomic level (74, 2%). Our results showed that 43, 3% of patients had a high death anxiety score. Higher level of threat of death, were found in older patients(p=0.028), females (p=0.018) and for those having children (p=0,01). Death anxiety were also higher in patients having anxiety (p=0.007) and those having depression (p=0.033).ConclusionsThe degree of death anxiety among cancer patients seems important. Its assessment and resolution by the caregivers remains paramount. The identification of this death anxiety should optimize the overall care of the patient.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychometric properties of eysenck personality questionnaire-revised (EPQ-R) short scale in Arabic among undergraduates in Kuwait
Authors: Alansari B. , Alali T. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe 48-item EPQR-S is a short version of EPQ-R widely used to assess neuroticism (N), extraversion (E), psychoticism (P) and Lie scale (L) for research purposes. The EPQR-S was chosen for the Arab population because it is a well-established Eysenck theory of personality.ObjectivesTo evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic EPQR-S.MethodsThe EPQ-R S, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO–FFI-3) were administered to 1842 (538 males, 1304 females) Kuwait University undergraduates with a mean age = 20.42 ± 1.42. The internal consistency reliability, factor structure, and convergent validity of the EPQR-S with EPQ and NEO–FFI-3 were assessed.ResultsCronbach’s alpha was satisfactory for N (0.76), E (0.72), L (0.70) and low for P. (0.60). The results revealed significant gender differences in P & E with a favor for males and in N & L a favor with females. PCA showed that EPQR-S four factors explains 52.48% of the total variance. Moreover, the high correlations between the EPQR-S and EPQ scales, with coefficients of (0.92) for the N, (0.88) for the E, (0.78) for the L, and (0.76) for the P as the majority of items of the dimensions of the EPQR-S are the same with those of the EPQ. Furthermore, there were high correlations between the same scales of the EPQR-S and NEO–FFI-3, with coefficients of (0.67) for the N scales, and (0.52) for the E scales.ConclusionsThe findings support the psychometric properties N, E, L scales only.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Borderline personality disorder and psychotic symptoms. Report of two cases
Authors: Mata A. Hernández , Gómez A. Sotillos , Barandiarán M. Esparza , Coscujuela P. Marco 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDSM-V includes near-psychotic symptoms as new criteria in borderline personality disorder (BPD). This change makes more difficult the differential diagnosis between considering psychotic symptoms as part of the BPD or as part of a comorbid psychotic disorder.ObjectivesRecognize the difficulty of the differential diagnosis in clinical practice between BPD and comorbid diagnosis of BPD with psychotic disorders, and how it can affect the patient’s outcome.MethodsPatients’ data is obtained from medical history and psychiatric interviews carried out during their hospitalizations.Results32 year-old female patient with previous diagnosis of BPD, psychotic episodes and cannabis abuse, was admitted due to paranoid ideation and aggressiveness, with massive borderline defense mechanisms (frequent displays of anger, high impulsivity, low frustration tolerance, self-destructive behavior…). Psychotic symptoms ceased two weeks after admission, and considering the patient’s individual characteristic it was believed BPD fitted more with this clinical case, although different psychotic disorders were considered. 30 year-old female patient began intensive psychiatric treatment with previous diagnosis of BPD, psychotic disorder and cannabis abuse. It was observed that the paranoid ideation and bodily experiences she suffered lasted months and were characterized by a strong belief. These two reasons were put into consideration when it was decided to judge this clinical case as a comorbid diagnosis of BPD with a psychotic disorder.ConclusionsIt is necessary to assess the difficulty of the differential diagnosis in these patients, and offer them specialized treatment depending on the diagnosis, as it can affect the patient’s outcome.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Social physique anxiety and physical activity
Authors: Zartaloudi A. , Christopoulos D. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSocial Physique Anxiety is defined as an emotional response that reflects individuals’ concerns regarding the way their body may be observed or judged by others.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between physical activity and social physique anxiety.MethodsA literature review haw been made through pubmed database.ResultsSocial Physique Anxiety is negatively related to participation in physical activity and commitment to exercise. Studies examining the relationship between motivation and social physique anxiety have shown that external motivations, such as improving muscle tone and body attractiveness, are directly linked to social physique anxiety. In addition, social physique anxiety is negatively related to self-efficacy. Individuals who believe that they will be judged by others to be ineffective are less likely to be engaged in physical activity programs. Social Physique Anxiety has been linked to negative effects on mental health such as low self-esteem, smoking and eating disorders.ConclusionsGiven all the negative effects of social physique anxiety, as it is responsible for a wide range of health-related behaviors, it is important to identify physical activity-related motivational mechanisms in order to reduce the impact of social physique anxiety.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Mental health and help seeking behaviour in first year medical students
Authors: Rutkauskas V. , Akavickas J. , Matuzaite A. , Lesinskiene S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMental health challenges are common among medical students. Data shows that that they are less likely to use mental health services, regardless of experiencing frequent mental health issues.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to evaluate first year medical students’ mental health state and attitude to seeking help.MethodsThe target group was the first year medical students in Vilnius University. Anonymous questionnaire created by authors was used to evaluate socio-demographic data, self-perceived emotional state level, attitudes and accessibility to mental health services. The study involved 152 first year medical students: 97 of them were local and 55 international students.ResultsThe majority of students (71.7%) reported that their studies negatively impacted their emotional condition. 14.5% of all students thought that they needed a consultation by mental health specialist, but decided not to seek help. 11.2% of students reported having used psychotropic drugs which had not been officially prescribed by a psychiatrist. 18.4% of all students thought that seeing a mental health specialist could negatively affect their future career as a doctor. 30.9% of students reported that they had used alcohol to improve their emotional state, 11.2% of students had used cannabis, 4.6% of students had used other drugs (e.g. LSD, amphetamine, cocaine) for this purpose.Conclusions1. Majority first year medical students think that the begining of studies have negative impact on their emotional well-being. 2. A large number of medical students unwilling to see mental health specialist. 3. Significant number of students use psychoactive substances to improve their emotional state.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Prospects for immunotherapy of depression based on cell technologies
Authors: Markova E. , Knyazheva M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCell technologies actively used in the treatment of many diseases. These technologies are based on manipulating the patient’s cells outside the body, as a result of which cells acquire a higher therapeutic potential.ObjectivesNo doubt the essential role of immune cells and their biologically active products in the pathogenesis of depression, which allows to view the modulated immune cells as model objects for developing new approaches to immunotherapy for depression.Methods(CBAxC57Bl/6) F1 depressive-like male mice, developed under the long-term social stress, were undergoing the transplantation of syngeneic immune cells with in vitro caffeine-modulated functional activity. Recipient’s behavior, immune and nervous systems functional activity were studied.ResultsIt was found that immune cells isolated from depressive-like mice and treated in vitro with caffeine change their properties and after intravenous administration to syngeneic depressive-like recipients have a significant positive psycho- and neuroimmunomodulatory effects, affecting the main depression pathogenetic mechanisms: behavioral editing (reduction of anhedonia, stimulation of exploratory behavior and activity in the forced swimming test); hippocampal neurogenesis stimulation against the background of increased BDNF; modulation of cytokine production by brain cells, indicating a decrease in neuroinflammation; modulation of the immune system functional activity (stimulation of the immune response, splenocytes proliferation, reducing systemic inflammation, decrease spleen tryptophan catabolism).ConclusionsThe results serve as an experimental substantiation of a fundamentally new approach to immunotherapy of depression based on the introduction of immune cells with functional activity modulated outside the body and open up the possibility of developing new methods of immunotherapy of depressive states in humans.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Looking at Self-Disorders through the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI): An empirical exploration of the MMPI-derived Self-Disorder Scale
Authors: Monducci E. , Colafrancesco G. , Perrotti G. , De Vita G. , Quadrana L. , Ferrara M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionTrait-like anomalies of subjective experience have been empirically identified as schizophrenia-specific markers of vulnerability in several clinical and genetic high-risk populations. Recently, Parnas and colleagues have identified and preliminarily explored a composite score (i.e. Self-Disorder Scale, SDO) within the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) that approximates such construct). SDO differs from the MMPI psychoticism scale, and includes presents items very similar to Self Disorder investigated by EASE (Examination of Anomalous Self-experience).ObjectivesThis study is a confirmatory analysis of the correspondence of Self-Disorder Scale (SDO) of the MMPI with some items of EASE, in a population of adolescents. These items are present in psychotic and in at risk mental state subjects.MethodsWe administered MMPI and EASE to 34 help seeker adolescent patients and correlate all dimensions of MMPI with EASE total score and its domains.ResultsMMPI SDO scores significantly correlated with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnosis and high-risk mental states.ConclusionsSDO is an MMPI analogous of Self Disorders and can be used as a useful screener to detect patients at potential risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, that could be further explored with the EASE.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Revisiting hysterical psychosis: A case report
Authors: Barbosa D. , Almeida B. , Mota M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionHoliender and Hirsch defined hysterical psychosis in 1964 and, while hysteria has a contemporary equivalent in somatoform/dissociation disorder, hysterical psychosis remains set adrift in the nosological understanding of psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesTo present a case report of a hysterical psychosis and to review this nosological construct.MethodsClinical interview, consultation of clinical records and review of literature using the Pubmed platform.ResultsThe authors present a case of a 38 year-old woman, admitted in a psychiatric emergency department for bizarre behavior, restlessness, auditory (pseudo)hallucinations and emotional lability, starting 1 week after a personal development retreat. This is the second episode of this nature, the first being a 15-day hospitalization 7 years ago, with rapid stabilization, extensive examination and restitium ad integrum. The patient initiated Olanzapine and was referred to an outpatient clinic, with rapid stabilization and restitium ad integrum throughout follow-up. Given the episode and patient characteristics, a hysterical psychosis diagnosis may be accurate, taking into account the acute onset and course, the pleomorphic nature of symptoms and the presence of a disturbing life event. The authors propose reviewing the concept of hysterical psychosis regarding its clinical implications and debating its therapeutic and prognostic utility.ConclusionsHysterical psychosis may not be a mere historic footnote and encompasses an entity with distinctive diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic characteristics. While its etiology may not be understood, its clinical implications ensure the need for future research.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Bed for three
Authors: Adame C. Vallecillo , Aparicio T. Jiménez , De Andrés Lobo C. , De Llano De La Viuda M. Queipo , Valera G. Guerra , Ramírez A. Gonzaga , Carrasco I. Santos , Cerejeira J. Gonçalves , Meseguer C. Capella , Vázquez E. Rodríguez 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCharles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is characterized by the presence of visual hallucinations without other sensory-perceptual disturbances or evidence of organic mental disorder nor functional psychosis.ObjectivesReview differential diagnosis of BCS, searching articles in Pubmed.Methods
62-year-old woman, undergoing treatment with Sertraline and psychotherapy for three months because of anxious-depressive synthoms. Pathological myopia and retinal detachment in 2012, blind left eye, retaining 33% vision in the right eye. She comes to the emergency room feeling really anxious, she says that for a year now she has had the feeling that her husband is cheating on her with another woman, and she claims with certainty that she sees a woman in her bed at night, as well as flashes of light evidencing her presence. She has also begun to hear voices through the telephone wires. She and her family deny memory loss or other cognitive impairments. We performed a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance with normal results. Family claims good conygal relation until these synthoms began and no signs of cognitive impairment.ResultsThe patient lives as real these hallucinations which haven´t appeared during admission. We started treatment with an antipsychotic and a benzodiazepine, with great improvement of anxiety and development of some insight. Executive impairment was observed.ConclusionsThe results obtained, make us think that, although our patient has an important visual loss, it is more a psychiatric pathology. Here lies the importance of a multidisciplinary approach among ophthalmologists, neurologists and psychiatrists in order to avoid misdiagnosis and that the patient can benefit from proper treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The role of perinatalcare in early life trauma prevention
Authors: Kurimay T. , Szederkenyi J. , Hortobagyi A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyMental health support for parents, infants and children as an interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral task has existed for decades in many European countries. A highlighted goal of integrated services (medical, social and educational) is to support competent parenting and the positive parent-child relationship, for the optimal development including mental health of infants and children. In clinical practice, the role of psychiatrists is often linked to healing and rehabilitation, even though we also have an important role in prevention. The mental support, treatment and prevention of psychiatric disorders during the pre-, peri- and postnatal period are often not considered being preventive measures. The perinatal period is the most sensitive and at the same time one of the most important stages of our lives. The traumas suffered during this period affect both the mother and the newborn, in fact it affects the family as a whole. Models for the prevention of early trauma appear at the level of social community and, inter alia, health and social care. Traumas are closely linked to social determinants of health. Gene environment interactions also allow for the transgenerational transmission of trauma. The presentation introduces individual and family levels of interdisciplinary care, good practices and programs the knowledge of which may be important to psychiatrists. How the practicing psychiatrist can contribute to trauma prevention and how to understand the development of resilience. The presenter will detail good practices, and highlight the possibilities for all clinicians on ways to work in their respective field with a trauma preventive approach.DisclosureNo significant relationships.