bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in microbial communities in soil treated with organic or conventional N sources
Authors: Habteselassie Mussie , Woodruff Lisa , Norton Jeanette , Ouyang Yang , Sintim Henry 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite the extensive use of N fertilizers in agricultural soils, we are yet to fully understand their impact on soil microbial communities that mediate important soil processes. A 3‐yr field study was undertaken in Georgia, where sweet corn (Zea mays L.) was grown under conventional or organic systems. Nitrogen (N) was supplied with ammonium sulfate at 112 kg N ha–1 (AS100) or 224 kg N ha–1 (AS200) or a combination of poultry litter, cover crop, and blood meal at 112 kg N ha–1 (PL100) or no N (control). Soil samples were collected from field plots to assess the impact of treatments on bacteria, fungi, and ammonia oxidizers using molecular methods that targeted 16S RNA, ITS2, and amoA genes, respectively. Treatment had significant impact on bacterial but not fungal composition. The AS200 significantly changed the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Acidobacteria and decreased bacterial alpha diversity as compared with control. Beta‐diversity analysis showed clear separation of microbial communities in AS200 vs. control and PL100. The abundance of ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was more responsive to N input than ammonia oxidizing‐archaea. It was also significantly and positively correlated with nitrification potential and soil nitrate with increasing N rates, indicating AOB's dominance in driving nitrification under high N input. Overall, the results indicated that AS200 changed bacterial composition and diversity, suggesting corresponding changes in soil processes related to N mineralization and nitrification. Understanding such changes in microbial communities can help us predict changes in soil processes to adopt sustainable management systems.
Development of psychology in Bulgaria after the political changes in 1989
Authors: Nyagolova Mariyana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article outlines the significant organizational and scientific changes that occurred in Bulgarian psychology after the fall of the totalitarian regime in 1989. These included the establishment of new university and research centers in psychology, the abolition of ideological censorship in psychology publications, free choice of research methodology and methods, free communication, and exchange of ideas with foreign psychologists, and the development of psychoanalytic practice and psychological services. The liberalization of the social conditions for the development of science, in general, made psychology a much sought‐after science and practice. In this time of social transition, its authority grew significantly due to the fact that its calling was to study and solve, above all, the problems of the people, especially as they were faced with new social conditions. In the last 30 years, psychological science in Bulgaria has been significantly humanized. These changes allowed scientists to propose new methodological approaches not only to the study of the psyche, but also to the study of both Bulgarian and foreign history of psychology. Although in the last 30 years not all measures taken in the institutional management of the psychological science were positive, Bulgarian psychology was given a new opportunity to join the international scientific community.
Single‐cell RNA‐sequencing dissects cellular heterogeneity and identifies two tumor‐suppressing immune cell subclusters in HPV‐related cervical adenosquamous carcinoma
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Zhang Min , Lei Tianyu , Zou Wenxue , Huang Rui , Wang Fuhao , Huang Qingyu , Wang Cong , Liu Chao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe intratumor heterogeneity of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related cervical cancer remains poorly defined. We performed single‐cell RNA sequencing on 18 046 individual cells derived from two HPV‐related cervical adenosquamous carcinoma samples to analyze the transcriptional heterogeneity of both epithelial and immune constituents, identifying seven epithelial (Epi1‐7) and 11 immune subclusters. Based on expression of known cervical cancer markers, Epi1‐2 primarily displayed features of adenocarcinoma, whereas Epi3‐6 were instead characterized by features of squamous carcinoma. Our analyses also revealed that hypoxia and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene signaling were highly represented within Epi1; metabolic pathways mediating glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation were enriched in Epi2‐4; while Epi5 was enriched in p53 pathway components and features of epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Moreover, CD8+FGFBP2+ T cells and FGFBP2+ natural killer cells were found to display high levels of cytotoxic effectors (GZMA, GZMB, GNLY, and PRF1) and low levels of inhibitory markers (PDCD1, TIGIT, and CTLA4), such that tumor infiltration by these populations was positively associated with survival in a cohort of n = 165 patients with HPV‐related cervical cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (p = 0.017 and 0.014, respectively). These results shed new light on the intratumor heterogeneity of HPV‐related cervical adenosquamous carcinoma, which will help to refine diagnostic and treatment approaches.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID‐19 and psoriasis
Authors: Meng Yu , Zeng Furong , Sun Huiyan , Li Yayun , Chen Xiang , Deng Guangtong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo summarize the clinical characteristics and explore the role of treatment types in outcomes among psoriasis patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The principal summary measures were pooled prevalence and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidential interval (CI). R statistic software was used for all the analysis. A total of 19 studies including 4073 psoriasis patients with COVID‐19 were eligible for the meta‐analysis. The overall hospitalization rate is about 20.2% (95% CI: 12.7%–28.7%), and changed to be 18.0% (95% CI: 9.9%–27.6%) or 14.1% (95% CI: 5.9%–24.6%) after systemic or biologic treatment. Moreover, the overall fatality rate is 1.5% (95% CI: 0.4%–3.0%), and turned to be 0.7% (95% CI: 0%–2.0%) or 0.5% (95% CI: 0%–2.2%) after systemic or biologic therapy. Notably, a lower hospitalization RR was found in patients receiving biologic therapy than those receiving other treatments (RR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42–0.94). The results were consistent after sensitivity analysis and trim‐and‐fill analysis. Systemic, especially biologic therapy could lessen the clinical severity in psoriasis patients with COVID‐19. Our finding will help to guide current recommendations and provide a reference for clinical decision‐making.
Antiviral activities of Polygonum perfoliatum L. extract and related phenolic acid constituents against hepatitis B virus
Authors: Chen Zhuohang , Yuan Yan , Yang Di , Luo Minhui , Liang Qian , Li Zan , Lu Siya , Sun Jianan , Deng Maohua , Liu Miaoya , Liang Zongsuo , Liu Kuancheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important public health problem. Polygonum perfoliatum L. is a traditional medicinal herb and has been reported to have pharmacological activities such as anti‐inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral. In this study, the antiviral activities and mechanisms of Polygonum perfoliatum L. extract against HBV and the effective components were investigated. The results showed that the total extract of Polygonum perfoliatum L. reduced the levels of HBV e antigen (HBeAg) secretion and the viral covalently closed circular DNA (CCC DNA) formation, but had little or no negative effects on viral capsid assembly and pregenomic RNA packaging. Further fractionation showed that the water extract (WE) fraction exerted comparable anti‐HBV activities with the total extract, especially in inhibiting the CCC DNA formation and HBeAg production, indicating that the effective antiviral components are mainly distributed in this fraction. Further study showed that the phenolic acids constituents, protocatechuic acid, and gallic acid, but not ethyl caffeate, which is reported enriched in the WE fraction, showed strong anti‐HBV activities in inhibiting viral core DNA synthesis, CCC DNA formation, and HBeAg production. These results suggested that the Polygonum perfoliatum L. total extract and the related phenolic acids like protocatechuic acid and gallic acid could inhibit HBV replication and also indicated the potential utility of Polygonum perfoliatum L. and related constituents as sources of novel antivirals against HBV.
Murine diabetic models for dengue virus infection
Authors: Liu Xuling , Liu Yingfang , Wu Hao , He Zihan , Li Zhuoyun , Qin Zhiran , Yu Jianhai , Zhu Li , Wu Qinghua , Xiao Weiwei , Shen Chenguang , Wan Chengsong , Zhang Bao , Zhao Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) is a critical public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Thus, immunocompetent murine models of DENV infection with robust viremia are required for vaccine studies. Diabetes is highly prevalent worldwide, making it frequent comorbidity in patients with dengue fever. Therefore, murine models are needed to understand viral pathogenesis and disease progression. Acquired‐induced and inherently diabetic C57BL/6 and db/db mice were inoculated with DENV‐3 via the tail vein. After infection, both the diabetic C57BL/6 and db/db mice showed obvious weight loss with clinical manifestations. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed robust and replicable viremia in the two types of diabetic mice. Immunohistochemical detection showed persistent DENV‐3 infection in the liver. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for cytokine detection revealed that diabetic mice showed more severe inflammatory responses than did nondiabetic mice, and significant histological alterations were observed in diabetic mice. Thus, the diabetic mice were more susceptible to DENV infection than the nondiabetic mice. Taken together, we established two types of immunocompetent diabetic mice for DENV infection, which can be used to further study the mechanisms of dengue pathogenesis in diabetes and to develop antiviral pharmaceuticals and treatments.
The proposed Anthropocene Epoch/Series is underpinned by an extensive array of mid‐20th century stratigraphic event signals
Authors: Head Martin J. , Zalasiewicz Jan A. , Waters Colin N. , Turner Simon D. , Williams Mark , Barnosky Anthony D. , Steffen Will , Wagreich Michael , Haff Peter K. , Syvitski Jaia , Leinfelder Reinhold , Mccarthy Francine M. G. , Rose Neil L. , Wing Scott L. , An Zhisheng , Cearreta Alejandro , Cundy Andrew B. , Fairchild Ian J. , Han Yongming , Ivar Do Sul Juliana A. , Jeandel Catherine , Mcneill J. R. , Summerhayes Colin P. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe extensive array of mid‐20th century stratigraphic event signals associated with the ‘Great Acceleration’ enables precise and unambiguous recognition of the Anthropocene as an epoch/series within the Geological Time Scale. A mid‐20th century inception is consistent with Earth System science analysis in which the Anthropocene term and concept arose, and would reflect the reality that our planet has sharply exited the range of natural variability characterizing the Holocene Epoch/Series, which the Anthropocene would therefore terminate. An alternative, recently proposed ‘geological event’ approach to the Anthropocene is primarily an interdisciplinary concept, encompassing historical and socio‐cultural processes and their global environmental impacts over a diachronous timeframe that extends back at least many millennia. Resembling more closely a geological episode than an event, it would decouple the Anthropocene from its chronostratigraphic delineation and association with an abrupt planetary perturbation; but separately defined and differently named it might be usefully complementary. We recommend a clear separation of epochs, events and episodes. An epoch is a formal subdivision of the Geological Time Scale, and its correlation may be assisted by one or more events; an event is usually, and particularly in the Quaternary, a brief incident or perturbation with a sedimentary expression; and an episode is a longer, internally complex time interval that may include several events and even extend across several epochs.
Influence of high pH state of dodecylbenzenesulfonate and dissolved organic matter complex solution on the ultraviolet spectrometry of dodecylbenzenesulfonate
Authors: Hossain Md. Imam , Ishiguro Munehide 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS) is an anionic surfactant that is the most commonly used ingredient in modern cleaning agents. Globally, billions of liters of untreated DBS are released daily into natural water bodies, which may lead to fatal consequences in micro and macro living entities, and destroy the natural ecosystem. Therefore, a simple, precise, rapid, and inexpensive method for measuring DBS is crucial for developing countries. The conventional ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometric method cannot accurately estimate the DBS concentration in a solution containing a considerable quantity of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Recently, a new spectrometric method was developed using the 222.5 nm UV and 400 nm UV–visible (UV–vis) spectra to precisely estimate DBS concentration in the DBS–DOM complex solution. However, this newly developed method is yet to be validated under higher pH conditions. The accuracy of DBS measurements from the DBS–DOM complex solution under lower pH (5.5 and 6.5) and higher pH (12.5) conditions was compared in this study using the previously developed method. With the higher pH, the influence of the electrolyte increased the absorbance under the 222.5 nm UV spectrum. However, such influence decreased with the increase in DBS and DOM concentration. The UV–vis absorbance at 400 nm decreased under higher pH values when the DOM concentration increased, owing to the conformational change in DOM. Despite the contrasting trends of the absorbances in the two spectra, the studied method was proven to be equally applicable and efficient, even under higher pH conditions.
Structural characterization and hepatoprotective activity of exopolysaccharide from Bacillus velezensisSN‐1
Authors: Cao Chengxu , Bian Yuanyuan , Cang Weihe , Wu Junrui , Wu Rina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDExopolysaccharide biopolymers produced by microorganisms are crucial to the environment. They contribute to areas such as the health and bionanotechnology sectors, food and cosmetic industries as gelling agents, and environmental sector as flocculants owing to their biodegradability and non‐toxic nature. The current study aimed to isolate the fraction of released exopolysaccharide (rEPS) by Bacillus velezensis SN‐1 from Chinese Da‐Jiang.RESULTSThe weighted average molecular weight of the major isolated component, rEPS‐2, was 202 kDa, and its monosaccharide composition included mannose, glucose, and galactose at a molar ratio of 0.38:0.30:0.32. Further, the rEPS‐2 was characterized using methylation analysis and one‐dimensional/two‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D/2D NMR) spectroscopy. In vivo hepatoprotective effects indicated that rEPS‐2 could alleviate carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced liver injury in mice by lowering the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Furthermore, rEPS‐2 can increase the expression of antioxidant genes HO‐1, GCLC and NQO1 in the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, thereby increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) and reduced catalase (CAT) in liver cells. Furthermore, the rEPS‐2 can be used and modulate the gut microbiota of mice with liver injury caused by CCl4.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that rEPS‐2 has promising potential to serve as hepatoprotective agents. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Tumor Microenvironment, Radiology, and Artificial Intelligence: Should We Consider Tumor Periphery?
Authors: Mohammadi Afshin , Mirza‐Aghazadeh‐Attari Mohammad , Faeghi Fariborz , Homayoun Hasan , Abolghasemi Jamileh , Vogl Thomas J. , Bureau Nathalie J. , Bakhshandeh Mohsen , Acharya Rajendra U. , Abbasian Ardakani Ali 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThe tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of cellular and noncellular components which enable the tumor to interact with its surroundings and plays an important role in the tumor progression and how the immune system reacts to the malignancy. In the present study, we investigate the diagnostic potential of the TME in differentiating benign and malignant lesions using image quantification and machine learning.MethodsA total of 229 breast lesions and 220 cervical lymph nodes were included in the study. A group of expert radiologists first performed medical imaging and segmented the lesions, after which a rectangular mask was drawn, encompassing all of the contouring. The mask was extended in each axis up to 50%, and 29 radiomics features were extracted from each mask. Radiomics features that showed a significant difference in each contour were used to develop a support vector machine (SVM) classifier for benign and malignant lesions in breast and lymph node images separately.ResultsSingle radiomics features extracted from extended contours outperformed radiologists' contours in both breast and lymph node lesions. Furthermore, when fed into the SVM model, the extended models also outperformed the radiologist's contour, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.887 and 0.970 in differentiating breast and lymph node lesions, respectively.ConclusionsOur results provide convincing evidence regarding the importance of the tumor periphery and TME in medical imaging diagnosis. We propose that the immediate tumor periphery should be considered for differentiating benign and malignant lesions in image quantification studies.
Paeonol alleviates placental inflammation and apoptosis in preeclampsia by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Huan , Liu Mei‐Lin , Chu Chu , Yu Shi‐Jiao , Li Jing , Shen Hai‐Chuan , Meng Qian , Zhang Teng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic and placental inflammatory disease that causes maternal and infant health issues. As one of the active components in peony root extract, paeonol (Pae) exerts anti‐apoptosis and anti‐inflammatory effects. Nonetheless, the protective role of Pae in PE has not yet been characterized. A mouse model of PE was constructed through tail vein injection of 1 mg/d phosphatidylserine/dioleoyl‐phosphatidycholine suspension. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in the placenta were examined via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6, IFN‐γ, and IL‐4) and apoptosis markers (Bax, Bcl‐2, and caspase‐3) were tested using quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR). Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein levels of apoptosis markers and Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway‐related molecules. Here, Pae repressed the inflammatory response in the placenta of PE‐like mouse models, as demonstrated by the decreased concentrations and mRNA levels of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IFN‐γ and the increased concentrations and mRNA levels of IL‐4. Apoptosis in the placentas of PE‐like mouse models was attenuated by Pae, as manifested by the downregulated mRNA and protein levels of Bax and cleaved‐caspase‐3 and the upregulated Bcl‐2. Administration of Pae inhibited the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in the placental tissues of PE mice. The JAK2/STAT3 pathway agonist (SC‐39100) reversed Pae treatment‐mediated suppression of placental inflammation and apoptosis in PE mice. Overall, Pae inhibits the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to attenuate placental inflammation and apoptosis in PE mice.
Ultrasound accurately assesses depth of invasion in T1‐T2 oral tongue cancer
Authors: Nilsson Olof , Knutsson Johan , Landström Fredrik J. , Magnuson Anders , von Beckerath Mathias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDepth of invasion (DOI) is important for the T‐classification of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT) and incorporated in the TNM 8 classification of oral cavity cancer. To determine DOI clinical palpation is performed, but the preferred radiological modality remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the assessment of DOI using ultrasound (US‐DOI).MethodsThe DOI was assessed in 40 patients with T1–T3 SCCOT by ultrasound, palpation, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histopathological DOI (H‐DOI) was gold standard. Bland–Altman analysis was used to compare mean difference and 95% limits of agreement (LOA).ResultsThe mean difference of US‐DOI was −0.5 mm (95% LOA −4.9–4.0) compared to H‐DOI and the mean difference for MRI was 3.9 mm (95% LOA −2.3–10.2). In the subgroup analysis of cT1‐T2 the US‐DOI mean difference was 0.1 mm and the 95% LOA limits −2.5–2.7.ConclusionsUltrasound seems to be the most accurate method to assess DOI in T1‐T2 SCCOT. MRI overestimates DOI and cannot assess a substantial proportion of the tumors.Level of Evidence2c.
Widespread variation in salt tolerance within freshwater zooplankton species reduces the predictability of community‐level salt tolerance
Authors: Arnott Shelley E. , Fugère Vincent , Symons Celia C. , Melles Stephanie J. , Beisner Beatrix E. , Cañedo‐Argüelles Miguel , Hébert Marie‐Pier , Brentrup Jennifer A. , Downing Amy L. , Gray Derek K. , Greco Danielle , Hintz William D. , McClymont Alexandra , Relyea Rick A. , Rusak James A. , Searle Catherine L. , Astorg Louis , Baker Henry K. , Ersoy Zeynep , Espinosa Carmen , Franceschini Jaclyn M. , Giorgio Angelina T. , Göbeler Norman , Hassal Emily , Huynh Mercedes , Hylander Samuel , Jonasen Kacie L. , Kirkwood Andrea , Langenheder Silke , Langvall Ola , Laudon Hjalmar , Lind Lovisa , Lundgren Maria , Moffett Emma R. , Proia Lorenzo , Schuler Matthew S. , Shurin Jonathan B. , Steiner Christopher F. , Striebel Maren , Thibodeau Simon , Cordero Pablo Urrutia , Vendrell‐Puigmitja Lidia , Weyhenmeyer Gesa A. , Derry Alison M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe salinization of freshwaters is a global threat to aquatic biodiversity. We quantified variation in chloride (Cl−) tolerance of 19 freshwater zooplankton species in four countries to answer three questions: (1) How much variation in Cl− tolerance is present among populations? (2) What factors predict intraspecific variation in Cl− tolerance? (3) Must we account for intraspecific variation to accurately predict community Cl− tolerance? We conducted field mesocosm experiments at 16 sites and compiled acute LC50s from published laboratory studies. We found high variation in LC50s for Cl− tolerance in multiple species, which, in the experiment, was only explained by zooplankton community composition. Variation in species‐LC50 was high enough that at 45% of lakes, community response was not predictable based on species tolerances measured at other sites. This suggests that water quality guidelines should be based on multiple populations and communities to account for large intraspecific variation in Cl− tolerance.