bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed tomographic evaluation of three types of screw trajectories for posterior cervical spine fixation: Cervical pedicle screw, lateral mass screw, and paravertebral foramen screw
Authors: Tsuda Keiichi , Tagami Atsushi , Yamada Shuta , Yokota Kazuaki , Chiba Ko , Yonekura Akihiko , Tomita Masato , Osaki Makoto 
Published: September 2022

Computed tomography (CT) attenuation values of cervical spine were evaluated in vivo using a clinically relevant group.
To compare CT attenuation values between cervical pedicle screw (CPS), lateral mass screw (LMS), and paravertebral foramen screw (PVFS) trajectories.
CPS and LMS are commonly used for posterior fixation of the cervical spine. The PVFS method has been reported as a new method. CT attenuation values along the screw trajectory are reportedly associated with screw stability.
We identified 45 patients who had undergone whole-body CT for trauma with no injury to the cervical spine. Regions of interest (ROIs) were designated along the trajectories that would be used for CPS, LMS, and PVFS through vertebral pedicles and lateral masses of the C3–C6 vertebrae. CT attenuation values of each ROI were measured and compared between each screw trajectories at each cervical vertebral level. Participants were divided into Group I (age, 20–39 years; n = 12), Group II (age, 40–59 years; n = 17), and Group III (age, 60–79 years; n = 16). CT attenuation values of ROIs were compared between each age group.
PVFS trajectories showed higher CT attenuation values than LMS trajectories at every vertebral level and also higher values than CPS trajectories at C5 and C6 levels. CT attenuation values at C3 were lower than those at C4 in the LMS trajectory and lower than those at C5 and C6 in the PVFS trajectory. CT attenuation values were lower in the elder group (>60 years old) than in the other 2 groups for all screw trajectories.
CT attenuation values suggested that the PVFS technique may be useful for posterior fixation of the cervical spine in elder patients who require more secure fixation.
Gut microbiota differences between psoriatic arthritis and other undifferentiated arthritis: A pilot study
Authors: Lin Chun-Yu , Hsu Chung-Yuan , He Hsiao-Ru , Chiang Wei-Yu , Lin Shang-Hung , Huang Yi-Ling , Kuo Yu-Hsia , Su Yu-Jih 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Psoriatic arthritis (PSA) is a form of immune-mediated inflammatory arthritis that predominantly begins with enthesitis. Studying the gut microbiota of PSA patients may offer new insights into the pathogenesis of enthesitis, compared to other arthritis. We designed a prospective study to examine gut microbiome of patients with PSA, primarily with enthesitis and dactylitis, and compared the data with other undifferentiated types of arthritis (NO PSA) patients, without enthesitis or dactylitis.

Methods:
We enrolled 9 PSA patients and 10 NO PSA patients in this study. We excluded rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, systemic sclerosis, mixed connective tissue disease, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, ANCA-associated vasculitis, and gouty arthritis patients. The fecal samples were investigated using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, followed by bioinformatics and statistical analyses.

Results:
None of the available objective clinical laboratory data could differentiate PSA group from the NO PSA subgroup. The microbiota result shows that Family: XIII_AD3011 is significantly higher in NO PSA patients’ than in PSA patients’ stool samples (P = .039). Megasphaera elsdenii in the PSA group was 10,000 times higher than in the NO PSA group.
Our results demonstrated high intragroup homogeneous and high intergroup heterogeneous microbiota. The clinical symptoms of either enthesitis or dactylitis are associated with higher presence of specific microbiota in the current study. The PSA and other undifferentiated arthritis could be differentiated with microbiota analysis. In the future, a larger cohort and thorough biochemical study are needed for confirmation.
The microbiota is different between PSA and NO PSA patients, and the species could be used as a differential diagnostic tool between these 2 diseases. The clinically available serum markers may not be enough to reflect the details of patients with different patterns of arthritis. Megasphaera elsdenii species could be a link between gut flora and enthesitis and/or dactylitis clinically in PSA. We confirm the fact that the Bifidobacterium longum correlates negatively with eosinophils.
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for patients with triple-negative breast cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yi , He Meilin , Wang Chuandong , Zhang Xiaojuan , Cai Shaoxin 
Published: September 2022

We aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
We searched the PubMed Database, Cochrane Library, Web of science, and Embase. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and hazard ratio (HR) were the endpoints of the study.
Eleven studies involving 2355 patients with TNBC were included in this meta-analysis. Among them, 10 studies involving 2069 patients with TNBC investigated the role of NLR in predicting OS; elevated NLR was associated with poor prognosis (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.03–3.03, P < 0.001). Ten studies involving 2054 patients with TNBC explored the role of NLR in predicting DFS; elevated NLR was associated with a significantly worse prognosis with a pooled HR of 2.20 (95% CI: 1.88–2.58, P < 001).
This meta-analysis suggests that patients with TNBC who have a higher NLR have poorer prognoses. As a clinical parameter that we can easily obtain, NLR might be a potential predictor of patients’ survival, and may be useful for physicians’ treatment decisions.
Improving Care at Emergency Department Discharge for Pediatric Patients with Anaphylaxis Using a Quality Improvement Framework
Authors: Agbim Chisom , Fornari Marci , Willner Emily , Isbey Sarah , Berkowitz Deena , Palacious Katura , Badolato Gia , McIver Mandisa 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Anaphylaxis is a potentially fatal systemic reaction that requires prompt recognition and targeted treatment. Despite international consensus and national guidelines, there is often incomplete care for pediatric patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) with a diagnosis of anaphylaxis. Our institution experienced wide variability in discharge planning for patients with anaphylaxis. The goal of our study was to improve care at ED discharge for pediatric patients with anaphylaxis using a quality improvement framework. The specific aims were to increase the frequency of patients diagnosed with anaphylaxis who receive an anaphylaxis action plan at ED discharge from 0% to 60% and to increase referrals to an allergy clinic from a baseline of 61%–80% between October 2020 and April 2021.

Methods:
Targeted interventions included revisions to the electronic health record system, forging interdisciplinary partnerships and emphasizing provider education. Outcome measures were the proportion of patients receiving an anaphylaxis action plan and an allergy clinic follow-up. The balancing measure was the ED length of stay.

Results:
The study showed an increase in anaphylaxis action plans from 0% to 34%. Allergy clinic referral rates improved from 61% to 82% within the same period. The average length of stay of 347 minutes remained unchanged.

Conclusions:
Revising the discharge instructions to include an anaphylaxis action plan and reinforcing provider behaviors with educational interventions led to an overall improvement in discharge care for patients with anaphylaxis. Future work will focus on electronic health record changes to continue progress in additional clinical settings.
Using QI Methodology to Improve a Program’s QI Curriculum: An Educational Improvement Project
Authors: Port Courtney M. , Donnelly Kathleen M. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Quality improvement (QI) as a method of obtaining meaningful change is increasingly valued. A few comprehensive, longitudinal curricula demonstrate efficacy, patient impact, and behavior change over time. This educational improvement study aimed to create a curriculum that increased resident proficiency in practicing QI principles, score on the QI Knowledge Application Tool-Revised, and QI projects completing at least 2 plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles in 5 years.

Methods:
We utilized The Model for Improvement and sequential PDSA cycles, testing curricular components for improvement. Measures were analyzed annually (2014−2020). The curriculum includes modules and didactic workshops for foundational knowledge, rapid personal improvement projects for putting knowledge into practice, and experiential learning through developing and leading QI projects.

Results:
Graduating residents reporting proficiency in practicing QI principles increased from 4 (44%) to 11 (100%). The average QI Knowledge Application Tool-Revised score increased from 50% to 94% (95% CI, 37–51). Resident QI projects completing at least 2 PDSA cycles increased from 30% (n = 3) to 100% (n = 4), P = 0.0005, while projects achieving improvement increased from 40% (n = 4) to 100% (n = 3), P = 0.002. Patients were also positively impacted, with 63% (n = 3) of clinical QI projects that measured patient-centered outcomes achieving improvement and 69% (n = 11) of clinical QI projects improving clinical processes.

Conclusions:
This study developed a curriculum that successfully prepares residents to practice QI principles and lead multidisciplinary QI projects while demonstrating patient impact and behavior change. It offers an example of curriculum development and evaluation aided by QI science.
Testing an Automated Approach to Identify Variation in Outcomes among Children with Type 1 Diabetes across Multiple Sites
Authors: Addison Jessica , Razzaghi Hanieh , Bailey Charles , Dickinson Kimberley , Corathers Sarah D. , Hartley David M. , Utidjian Levon , Carle Adam C. , Rhodes Erinn T. , Alonso G. Todd , Haller Michael J. , Gannon Anthony W. , Indyk Justin A. , Arbeláez Ana Maria , Shenkman Elizabeth , Forrest Christopher B. , Eckrich Daniel , Magnusen Brianna , Davies Sara Deakyne , Walsh Kathleen E. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Efficient methods to obtain and benchmark national data are needed to improve comparative quality assessment for children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). PCORnet is a network of clinical data research networks whose infrastructure includes standardization to a Common Data Model (CDM) incorporating electronic health record (EHR)-derived data across multiple clinical institutions. The study aimed to determine the feasibility of the automated use of EHR data to assess comparative quality for T1D.

Methods:
In two PCORnet networks, PEDSnet and OneFlorida, the study assessed measures of glycemic control, diabetic ketoacidosis admissions, and clinic visits in 2016–2018 among youth 0–20 years of age. The study team developed measure EHR-based specifications, identified institution-specific rates using data stored in the CDM, and assessed agreement with manual chart review.

Results:
Among 9,740 youth with T1D across 12 institutions, one quarter (26%) had two or more measures of A1c greater than 9% annually (min 5%, max 47%). The median A1c was 8.5% (min site 7.9, max site 10.2). Overall, 4% were hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis (min 2%, max 8%). The predictive value of the PCORnet CDM was >75% for all measures and >90% for three measures.

Conclusions:
Using EHR-derived data to assess comparative quality for T1D is a valid, efficient, and reliable data collection tool for measuring T1D care and outcomes. Wide variations across institutions were observed, and even the best-performing institutions often failed to achieve the American Diabetes Association HbA1C goals (<7.5%).
Emotion Regulation Mediates the Relationship Between Therapeutic Alliance and Anxiety in Emerging Adults During Inpatient Psychiatric Treatment
Authors: Shepard Christopher A. , Rufino Katrina A. , Daza Patricia , Pearson Alexandra , Cuenod Morgan , Patriquin Michelle A. 
Published: September 2022

Emerging adulthood is a critical developmental period characterized by emotional growth and unstructured living. To date, there is little research on emerging adults—defined as those 18 to 25 years old—with serious mental illnesses and even less on emerging adults in psychiatric hospitals. This study analyzed therapeutic alliance with the clinical team and change in anxiety symptoms in emerging adult psychiatric inpatients with the goal of establishing whether emotion regulation could serve as a mediator between these 2 constructs. Participants were 913 emerging adults (46.7% female; 18 to 25 y of age) who were voluntarily admitted to an intermediate length-of-stay (6 to 8 wk) inpatient psychiatric hospital. Each patient completed measures assessing anxiety symptoms, emotion regulation strategies, and working alliance as an assessment of therapeutic alliance. The results indicated that working alliance had significant indirect effects on change in anxiety symptoms through emotion dysregulation and lack of awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and lack of emotional clarity. This study emphasizes the need to understand emerging adults and the difficulties characteristic of this developmental period, and that clinicians should be aware that cognitive factors involved in emotion regulation may impact anxiety symptoms in emerging adult populations.
Estimating the effectiveness of control actions on African swine fever transmission in commercial swine populations in the United States
Authors: Sykes Abagael L. , Galvis Jason A. , O’Hara Kathleen C. , Corzo Cesar , Machado Gustavo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGiven the proximity of African swine fever (ASF) to the U.S., there is an urgent need to better understand the possible dissemination pathways of the virus within the U.S. swine industry and to evaluate mitigation strategies. Here, we extendedPigSpread, a farm-level spatially-explicit stochastic compartmental transmission model incorporating six transmission routes including between-farm swine movements, vehicle movements, and local spread, to model the dissemination of ASF. We then examined the effectiveness of control actions similar to the ASF national response plan. The average number of secondary infections during the first 60 days of the outbreak was 49 finisher farms, 17 nursery farms, 5 sow farms, and less than one farm in other production types. The between-farm movements of swine were the predominant route of ASF transmission with an average contribution of 71.1%, while local spread and movement of vehicles were less critical with average contributions of 14.6% and 14.4%. We demonstrated that the combination of quarantine, depopulation, movement restrictions, contact tracing, and enhanced surveillance, was the most effective mitigation strategy, resulting in an average reduction of 79.0% of secondary cases by day 140 of the outbreak. Implementing these control actions led to a median of 495,619 depopulated animals, 357,789 diagnostic tests, and 54,522 movement permits. Our results suggest that the successful elimination of an ASF outbreak is likely to require the deployment of all control actions listed in the ASF national response plan for more than 140 days, as well as estimating the resources needed for depopulation, testing, and movement permits under these controls.
Time-Resolved Interactome Profiling Deconvolutes Secretory Protein Quality Control Dynamics
Authors: Wright Madison T. , Timalsina Bibek , Lopez Valeria Garcia , Hermanson Jake , Garcia Sarah , Plate Lars 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTMany cellular processes are governed by protein-protein interactions that require tight spatial and temporal regulation. Accordingly, it is necessary to understand the dynamics of these interactions to fully comprehend and elucidate cellular processes and pathological disease states. To map de novo protein-protein interactions with time-resolution at an organelle-wide scale we developed a quantitative mass-spectrometry method, time-resolved interactome profiling (TRIP). We apply TRIP to elucidate aberrant protein interaction dynamics that lead to the protein misfolding disease congenital hypothyroidism. We deconvolute altered temporal interactions of the thyroid hormone precursor thyroglobulin with pathways implicated in hypothyroidism pathophysiology such as Hsp70/90 assisted folding, disulfide/redox processing, and N-glycosylation. Functional siRNA screening identified VCP and TEX264 as key protein degradation components whose inhibition selectively rescues mutant prohormone secretion. Ultimately, our results provide novel insight into the temporal coordination of protein homeostasis, and our TRIP method should find broad applications in investigating protein folding diseases and cellular processes.
Deadly and venomous Lonomia caterpillars are more than the two usual suspects
Authors: González Camila , Ballesteros-Mejia Liliana , Díaz-Díaz Juana , Toro-Vargas Diana M. , Amarillo-Suarez Angela R , Gey Delphine , León Cielo , Tovar Eduardo , Arias Mónica , Rivera Nazario , Buitrago Luz Stella , Pinto-Moraes Roberto H , Sano Martins Ida S. , Decaëns Thibaud , González Mailyn A , Kitching Ian J , Rougerie Rodolphe 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCaterpillars of the Neotropical genus Lonomia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) are responsible for some fatal envenomation of humans in South America inducing hemostatic disturbances in patients upon skin contact with the caterpillars’ spines. Currently, only two species have been reported to cause hemorrhagic syndromes in humans: Lonomia achelous and Lonomia obliqua. However, species identifications have remained largely unchallenged despite improved knowledge of venom diversity and growing evidence that the taxonomy used over past decades misrepresents and underestimates species diversity. Here, we revisit the taxonomy and distribution of Lonomia using the most extensive dataset assembled to date, combining DNA barcodes, morphological comparisons, and geographical information. Our integrative approach leads to the recognition of 60 species, of which seven are known or strongly suspected to cause severe envenomation in humans. From a newly compiled synthesis of epidemiological data, we also examine the consequences of our results for understanding Lonomia envenomation risks and call for further investigations of other species’ venom activities. This is required and necessary to improve alertness in areas at risk, and to define adequate treatment strategies for envenomed patients, including performing species identification and assessing the efficacy of anti-Lonomia serums against a broader diversity of species.
Multi-Omics Analysis of Magnetically Levitated Plasma Biomolecules
Authors: Ashkarran Ali Akbar , Gharibi Hassan , Abou Zeki Dalia , Radu Irina , Khalighinejad Farnaz , Keyhanian Kiandokht , Abrahamsson Christoffer K. , Ionete Carolina , Saei Amir Ata , Mahmoudi Morteza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe recently discovered that superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) can levitate plasma biomolecules in the magnetic levitation (MagLev) system and cause formation of ellipsoidal biomolecular bands. To better understand the composition of the levitated biomolecules in various bands, we comprehensively characterized them by multi-omics analyses. To probe whether the biomolecular composition of the levitated ellipsoidal bands correlates with the health of plasma donors, we used plasma from individuals who had various types of multiple sclerosis (MS), as a model disease with significant clinical importance. Our findings reveal that, while the composition of proteins does not show much variability, there are significant differences in the lipidome and metabolome profiles of each magnetically levitated ellipsoidal band. By comparing the lipidome and metabolome compositions of various plasma samples, we found that the levitated biomolecular ellipsoidal bands do contain information on the health status of the plasma donors. More specifically, we demonstrate that there are particular lipids and metabolites in various layers of each specific plasma pattern that significantly contribute to the discrimination of different MS subtypes, i.e., relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary-progressive MS (SPMS), and primary-progressive MS (PPMS). These findings will pave the way for utilization of MagLev of biomolecules in biomarker discovery and diagnosis of this and other complex disorders.
Upper limb joint coordination acts to preserve hand kinematics after a traumatic brachial plexus injury
Authors: Lustosa Luiggi , Silva Ana Elisa Lemos , de Paula Carvalho Raquel , Vargas Claudia D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic brachial plexus injury (TBPI) causes a sensorimotor deficit in upper limb (UL) movements.ObjectiveOur aim was to investigate the arm-forearm coordination of both the injured and uninjured UL of TBPI subjects.MethodsTBPI participants (n=13) and controls (n=10) matched in age, gender, and anthropometric characteristics were recruited. Kinematics from the shoulder, elbow, wrist and index finger markers were collected while upstanding participants transported a cup to mouth and returned the UL to a starting position. The UL coordination was measured through the relative phase (RP) between arm and forearm phase angles and analyzed as a function of the hand kinematics.ResultsFor all participants, the hand transport had a shorter time to peak velocity (p<0.01) compared to the return. Also, for the control and the uninjured TBPI UL, the RP showed a coordination pattern that favored forearm movements in the peak velocity of the transport phase (p<0.001). TBPI participants’ injured UL showed a longer movement duration in comparison to controls (p<0.05), but no differences in peak velocity, time to peak velocity and trajectory length, indicating preserved hand kinematics. The RP of the injured UL revealed altered coordination in favor of arm movements compared to controls and to the uninjured UL (p<0.001). Finally, TBPI participants’ uninjured UL showed altered control of arm and forearm phase angles during the deceleration of hand movements compared to controls (p<0.05).ConclusionThese results suggest that UL coordination is reorganized after a TBPI so as to preserve hand kinematics.