bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prädiktion suizidalen Verhaltens
Authors: Teismann Tobias , Hilbert Kevin , Forkmann Thomas 
Published: April 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEine Vorhersage suizidalen Verhaltens ist nicht sicher möglich. Frühe Arbeiten zeigen genauso wie aktuelle Metaanalysen, dass weder das klinische Urteil noch Risikoskalen und Fragebögen eine zufriedenstellende Vorhersage suizidalen Verhaltens erlauben. Gründe für die unzureichende Prädiktion werden erläutert und Chancen sowie Grenzen der Anwendung künstlicher Intelligenz werden reflektiert. Abschließend wird hervorgehoben, dass Suizidprävention möglich ist, auch wenn sichere Suizidprädiktion nicht möglich ist.
Identifikation von potenziellen Risikopatienten auf Basis von PROMs in einem zertifizierten EndoProthetikZentrum am Beispiel der primären Knieendoprothetik
Authors: Osmanski-Zenk Katrin , Klinder Annett , Darowski Martin , Goosmann Martin , Mittelmeier Wolfram , Ellenrieder Martin 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die subjektive Bewertung des Patienten zum Gesundheitszustand mithilfe von Patient-reported Outcome Measurements (PROMs) bietet wertvolle Informationen für die
Beurteilung des Behandlungsergebnisses und die weitere Behandlungsplanung. Der Einsatz von PROMs im Bereich der Gelenkendoprothetik ist nicht verpflichtend und es fehlt an Standards bez.
deren Erfassung und Interpretation. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit sollen auf der Basis von postoperativen PROMs zukünftig Patienten einfacher identifiziert werden, die nach Implantation einer
Knieendoprothese die avisierten Behandlungsziele bez. Schmerz, Funktion und Lebensqualität nicht erreicht haben.
Material und Methoden Die Datenerhebung (zur 3-Monats-Kontrolle postoperativ) umfasste eine standardisierte klinische Nachuntersuchung (NU) und einen Fragenkatalog aus verschiedenen
PROMs (Oxford Knee Score [OKS], OKS-Schmerzscore [OKSS] und EndoCert-Risk-Score [ERS]). Im Rahmen der fachärztlichen klinischen Untersuchung wurde beurteilt, ob weitere medizinische
Maßnahmen durchgeführt werden sollten. Entsprechend erfolgte die Eingruppierung der Patienten in 4 Nachbehandlungskategorien (NU nicht erforderlich/weitere Diagnostik/neue
Verordnung/Revision erforderlich).
Ergebnisse Für einzelne Scores und Fragen gab es signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen, die sich aus der klinischen Nachuntersuchung ergeben haben. Der OKS, OKS-Schmerzscore
und der ERS eignen sich für die Ermittlung von Trennwerten, um die Notwendigkeit einer Nachuntersuchung zu ermitteln. Die postoperativen Trennwerte der Scores liegen beim OKS-Gesamtscore bei
24, beim OKS-Schmerzscore bei 52 und bei der Schmerzintensitätsangabe des ERS bei 4.
Schlussfolgerung Im frühen Verlauf 3 Monate nach Knieendoprothese eignen sich bestimmte PROMs, um Patienten zu identifizieren, bei denen eine weitere Diagnostik und Therapie
indiziert ist. Dabei eignen sich insbesondere der OKS und die Schmerzintensitätsangabe des ERS zur Detektion eines potenziell ungünstigen Behandlungsverlaufes.
Whether the Unilateral Transverse Process-pedicle Approach has Advantages over the Traditional Transpedicle Approach: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Lingbin , Zhu Linfeng , Li Junjie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To summarize the literature and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the unilateral transverse process-pedicle approach (UTPA) and conventional transpedicular approach
(CTPA) vertebral augmentation in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).
Methods A single researcher performed a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Online
scientific databases were searched in September 2021 for English- and Chinese-language publications. A series of comparative studies were included, with UTPA as the main intervention and
CTPA as the comparison indicator. A meta-analysis was performed for studies that reported clinical outcome indicators. The χ2 was used to study heterogeneity between trials, and
the I2 statistic was calculated to estimate variation across studies.
Results A total of eight studies were included for meta-analysis, all of which were observational studies with mixed bias risk. There were 613 subjects in the UTPA group and 488
subjects in the CTPA group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was no difference between the UTPA group and the CTPA group in terms of visual analogue scale scores
(p = 0.31), Oswestry Disability Index scores (p = 0.50), correction of kyphosis angle (p = 0.65), and the amount of bone cement (p = 0.13), but the UTPA group had a shorter operative time
(p < 0.001), bone cement leakage rates (p = 0.02), and fluoroscopy times than the CTPA group (p < 0.001). Partial analysis results had a high risk of bias, and the most common source
of bias was that there was high heterogeneity between studies, and the sensitivity can only be reduced by a random effect model, and some studies (four items) did not clearly describe the
confounders that they controlled.
Conclusion The limited evidence obtained in this study proves that the new puncture method does not have more advantages than the traditional technique, so it is no longer meaningful
to continue to obsess over the impact of the puncture method on surgical outcome.
Assessment of esophagogastroduodenoscopy skills on simulators before real-life performance
Authors: Nielsen Anders Bo , Pedersen Finn Møller , Laursen Christian B. , Konge Lars , Laursen Stig 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and study aims Operator competency is essential for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) quality, which makes appropriate training with a final test important. The aims of this study were to develop a test for assessing skills in performing EGD, gather validity evidence for the test, and establish a credible pass/fail score.Methods An expert panel developed a practical test using the Simbionix GI Mentor II simulator (3 D Systems) and an EGD phantom (OGI 4, CLA Medical) with a diagnostic (DP) and a technical skills part (TSP) for a prospective validation study. During the test a supervisor measured: 1) total time; 2) degree of mucosal visualization; and 3) landmarks and pathology identification. The contrasting groups standard setting method was used to establish a pass/fail score.Results We included 15 novices (N), 10 intermediates (I), and 10 experienced endoscopists (E). The internal structure was high with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.76 for TSP time consumption and 0.74 for the identification of landmarks.Mean total times, in minutes, for the DP were N 15.7, I 11.3, and E 7.0, and for TSP., they were N 7.9, I 8.9, and E 2.9. The total numbers of identified landmarks were N 26, I 41, and E 48. Mean visualization percentages were N 80, I 71, and E 71. A pass/fail standard was established requiring identification of all landmarks and performance of the TSP in < 5 minutes. All experienced endoscopists passed, while none of the endoscopists in the other categories did.Conclusions We established a test that can distinguish between participants with different competencies. This enables an objective and evidence-based approach to assessment of competencies in EGD.
Dealing with a Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor after COVID-19 Infection: Report of One Case
Authors: Masoudi Mohammad Sadegh , Taheri Reza , Liaghat Alireza 
Published: April 2022

Plain Language SummaryHaving the issue of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in mind, there is always a dilemma surrounding elective and non-urgent neurosurgical operations. The unanswered question is regarding whether there is any post-COVID-19 complications that hinder a patient from becoming a candidate for a neurosurgical operation. If that is the case, what should we do?In the present article, we report our single-center experience with an unusual bleeding during the operation of a huge cerebellar tumor in a girl previously infected with COVID-19. In the end, we recommend our experience to our colleagues.
Abstract
There are still some conditions that pediatric neurosurgeons may face in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which have not been fully addressed so far. Authors have postulated an ongoing inflammatory myocardial status in a significant proportion of patients who have recovered from COVID-19. We report our experience with a 10-month-old girl who had recovered form COVID-19 and had a case of fourth-ventricle mass in the midline of the posterior fossa. She was scheduled for microneurosurgical resection of the mass following the insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. There were no significant issues regarding the induction of anesthesia. A midline suboccipital approach was chosen, and the patient was fully prepared and draped. Suboccipital soft tissues and muscles were dissected layer by layer through the midline avascular line. A marked gush of blood off the midline was observed during the opening in Y of the dura mater. Then, we started to approach the occipital sinus. However, there was an unusual loss of ∼ 200 mL of blood lost from this area. Despite the proper packed-cell transfusion, the patient developed bradycardia and a sudden rhythm of asystole. The cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) was initiated immediately. Despite the maximal effort, the heart rate did not change and remained asystole. We recommend that pediatric neurosurgeons postpone the procedures to be performed in patients who have recovered from COVID-19 for more than one month after a thorough preoperative cardiac evaluation has been performed.
Primary Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma of the Thoracolumbar Epidural Space: Rare Case Report in a Child
Authors: Silva Aldo José Ferreira da , Ruela Pires Ana Carolina de Carvalho , Costa Auxiliadora Damianne Pereira Vieira da , Amaral Fabiana Lopes , Bomfim Rodrigo C. , Bomfim Filho Ângelo M. S. , Feitosa Alessandra Lamenha , Buarque Igor Lima 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction Ewing sarcomas are a family of tumors that can be of skeletal or extraskeletal origin. We report a rare case of a child with extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma in the thoracolumbar epidural space.
Case Report The patient was a 1-year-old female child with sphincter alteration, flaccid paraplegia, and areflexia. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed a large extensive epidural lesion with compression of the dural sac in the D6–L2 segment, and a left paravertebral extension through the L1–L2 foramen. Laminotomy was performed, with subtotal resection of the lesion. The histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses indicated Ewing sarcoma. Due to the child's age, radiotherapy was not performed, only chemotherapy, due to the aggressiveness of the neoplasm. The patient showed rapid tumor recurrence and ended up dying.
Discussion Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma can appear in different locations in the body. They are aggressive tumors with local recurrence and distant metastases. In our case, a combination of MRI and positron-emission tomography–computed tomography scan presented a clearer result, especially in the presence of metastasis. In the histopathological analysis, small blue cells with a clear cytoplasm and indistinct nucleoli were observed. In the immunohistochemical analysis, CD99 (MIC2) expression is highlighted. The best treatment outcome would have been surgical resection with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Conclusion We reported a rare case of thoracolumbar epidural Ewing sarcoma in which, despite surgery and chemotherapy, the tumor behaved very aggressively, leading to an unfavorable prognosis.
Changes in high school students’ perception of sexual education based on preconception care
Authors: Tateoka Yumiko , Itani Fuyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study examined the effect of sexual education, incorporating preconception care, through a text mining analysis. Between November 2018 and October 2019, we performed a cross-sectional study of 502 high school students in Japan. These two high schools had requested sexual education from midwives associated with Shiga University of Medical Science. The midwives conducted one 60–90-min presentation on sexual education at each school. After the intervention, an anonymous self-administered, paper-based questionnaire survey was administered to the students. Correspondence and cluster analyses were then performed using text mining software. After receiving sexual education taught by midwives, 50.1% of respondents answered that their sexual awareness and thoughts had ‘changed’ or ‘changed somewhat’. It became clear that students who felt that they had changed after taking sexual education also felt that it was important to think seriously about various things such as dating violence, sex, and life. On the other hand, among the students who answered that they did not experience any change in their sexual awareness and thinking, it became clear that this was owing to the content of the sexual education received at junior high school being similar to the current content (p < 0.05). The results of the correspondence and cluster analyses indicate that sexual education that includes instruction on preconception care can help raise students’ awareness, helping avoid unexpected pregnancies, and could possibly contribute to better reproductive health for both men and women (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that teaching preconception care is an important midwifery activity that will help improve the health of the next generation, including supporting the World Health Organization’s major goals of reducing perinatal and infant mortality rates.
Long-time stable and high-performance YBa2Cu3O7 nanoSQUIDs with more interfaces
Authors: Lin Jianxin , Zhang Deheng , Zhao Lianjun , Shi Zejun , Wang Qimin , Qin Shenghao 
Published: April 2022

We report on the fabrication and characterization of nanopatterned superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) based on grain boundary Josephson junctions in epitaxially grown multilayer YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO)/SiTrO3 (STO) thin films. Nanopatterning is performed by Ga+ focused ion beam milling. The evolution of the electric transport and noise properties of the YBCO nanoSQUIDs over a time span of more than one year are recorded and analyzed. We find that the multilayer YBCO/STO nanoSQUIDs show stable and high performance over time. The critical current decreases within ∼40 days by 30%–50% and then remains almost constant without obvious decline trend for nanoSQUIDs with STO layer as the interface even more than 380 days, which demonstrates the superiority of STO as the capping layer. Moreover, we find that the multilayer nanoSQUIDs have about an order of magnitude smaller low-frequency excess flux noise (compared to similar single layer devices) with root-mean-square spectral density ∼5–6 µΦ0/Hz1/2 at 1 Hz. For one device, we show that the low-frequency excess noise does not degrade within three months.
A quantitative revision of the waterlogging tolerance of perennial forage grasses
Authors: Di Bella Carla E. , Grimoldi Agustín A. , Striker Gustavo G. 
Published: April 2022

Waterlogging tolerance of eight C4 and seven C3 perennial forage grasses was reviewed. The median waterlogging duration was similar between species’ type, ranging between 18 and 21 days. Inter- and intra-species variability was found in shoot and root biomass in response to waterlogging. Urochloa brizantha (C4), Brachiaria hybrid (C4) and Dactylis glomerata (C3) were the less tolerant species to waterlogging (shoot biomass median of 45%, 53% and 80% of controls), while U. humidicola (C4), Paspalum dilatatum (C4), Festuca arundinacea (C3) and Lolium perenne (C3) were the most tolerant (shoot biomass median of 97%, 101%, 87% and 94% of controls). A similar ranking of responses was found among species for root biomass. The formation of aerenchyma/root porosity (a key trait for waterlogging tolerance) was evaluated mainly in U. humidicola and P. dilatatum (C4 waterlogging-tolerant species), which showed considerable constitutive porosity (13% and 32%) and final values of 30% and 41% under waterlogging. Net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance as typical leaf physiological responses matched species’ waterlogging tolerance, with the impact of hypoxia higher in C3 than in C4 species. Gaps in knowledge about waterlogging tolerance in forage grasses are: (i) additional studies on C3 perennial grasses for temperate pasture areas prone to waterlogging, (ii) identification of traits and responses aiding plant recovery after waterlogging (and also during the stress), (iii) reassessment of waterlogging tolerance considering plant developmental stage (e.g. adult vs young plants), and (iv) evaluation of sequential (i.e. waterlogging − drought) and combined (i.e. waterlogging + salinity) stresses, which often co-occur in pasture lands.
Archean eclogite-facies oceanic crust indicates modern-style plate tectonics
Authors: Ning Wenbin , Kusky Timothy , Wang Lu , Huang Bo 
Published: April 2022

Significance
The onset time of plate tectonics is highly debated in the Earth sciences. A key indicator of modern-style plate tectonics, with deep subduction of oceanic plates, is the presence of eclogite (oceanic crust metamorphosed at high-pressure and low-temperature) in orogenic belts. Since no orogenic eclogites older than 2.1 billion y are currently documented, many scientists argue that modern plate tectonics started only 2.1 billion y ago (Ga). We document an Archean orogenic eclogite, providing robust evidence that subduction of oceanic crust reached to at least 65 to 70 km in depth at circa 2.5 Ga. This extends the known age of subduction-related eclogite-facies metamorphism back 400 My, showing that modern-style plate tectonics operated by the close of the Archean.
Underrepresentation of women in the economics profession more pronounced in the United States compared to heterogeneous Europe
Authors: Auriol Emmanuelle , Friebel Guido , Weinberger Alisa , Wilhelm Sascha 
Published: April 2022

Significance
In economics, as in many high-skilled professions, women are underrepresented. Web-scraped data provide information on the situation of women in economics around the globe. We document the underrepresentation of women for a large set of countries using the same objective method. We find differences between countries and regions, which might reflect cultural aspects and norms. Europe is more gender-equal than the United States; institutions that are higher ranked in terms of research output have fewer women in senior positions than lower-ranked institutions. In the United States, this also holds for junior positions. The paper thus further informs the debate and shows how female ratios differ on a global scale.
A generalist–specialist trade-off between switchgrass cytotypes impacts climate adaptation and geographic range
Authors: Napier Joseph D. , Grabowski Paul P. , Lovell John T. , Bonnette Jason , Mamidi Sujan , Gomez-Hughes Maria Jose , VanWallendael Acer , Weng Xiaoyu , Handley Lori H. , Kim Min K. , Boe Arvid R. , Fay Philip A. , Fritschi Felix B. , Jastrow Julie D. , Lloyd-Reilley John , Lowry David B. , Matamala Roser , Mitchell Robert B. , Rouquette Francis M. , Wu Yanqi , Webber Jenell , Jones Teresa , Barry Kerrie , Grimwood Jane , Schmutz Jeremy , Juenger Thomas E. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Polyploidy, which occurs in roughly half of all flowering plants and an even higher percentage of grasses, is thought to be a major driver of adaptation. Higher numbers of copies of each gene in polyploid genomes can increase genetic diversity, which could drive shifts in habitat preference, adaptability, and fitness. To test the effects of increased ploidy, we compared genomic diversity, environmental niche, and fitness responses across climatic gradients between tetraploid and octoploid switchgrass. We found that the octoploids contained novel combinations of the ancestral tetraploid genetic diversity, which was linked to the expansion of switchgrass into unsuitable habitats for tetraploid populations. Our experiments revealed evidence of niche divergence, differential fitness, and a generalist–specialist trade-off between cytotypes.
Biological matrix composites from cultured plant cells
Authors: Roumeli Eleftheria , Hendrickx Rodinde , Bonanomi Luca , Vashisth Aniruddh , Rinaldi Katherine , Daraio Chiara 
Published: April 2022

Significance
The development of novel degradable biocomposites can contribute to answering the increasing global demand for sustainable materials. We present a method to obtain self-bonded biocomposite materials from cultured plant cells. Subjecting cells to a cold-compression molding process creates hierarchical biocomposites that have stiffness and strength comparable to commodity plastics, while being 100% biodegradable in soil. Introducing fillers expands the attainable functionalities, demonstrating the versatility of the proposed platform. The use of fast-growing plant cells offers the benefits of short harvest time, zero biomass waste during processing, in situ manufacturing, and no arable land requirement. The approach allows the possibility of further tuning the final material properties by genetically engineering the processed cells.
Cellular and transcriptional diversity over the course of human lactation
Authors: Nyquist Sarah K. , Gao Patricia , Haining Tessa K. J. , Retchin Michael R. , Golan Yarden , Drake Riley S. , Kolb Kellie , Mead Benjamin E. , Ahituv Nadav , Martinez Micaela E. , Shalek Alex K. , Berger Bonnie , Goods Brittany A. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Human breast milk is the nutritional food source evolved specifically to meet the needs of infants, but much remains to be learned about its composition and changes over the course of lactation. Our description of the cellular components of breast milk, their associations with maternal–infant dyad metadata, and quantification of alterations at the gene and pathway levels provide a longitudinal picture of human breast milk cells across lactational time. These results pave the way for improved therapeutic support of healthy lactation and milk production.
Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of copper selenides (Cu2−x
Se) thin films for quantum dots-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Wang Baomei , Liu Xingna , Liu Zhen , Ma Zinan , Li Zhongwei , Wang Bingrui , Dong Xiao , Wang Yongyong , Song Xiaohui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, copper selenide (Cu2−x
Se) thin films were grown on FTO conductive glass substrates using a facile microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The effects of synthesis parameters such as precursor components and deposition time on the stoichiometry and morphology of the synthesized films were systematically investigated through different techniques including XRD, SEM, and AFM. In order to evaluate the electrochemical catalytic performance of the synthesized copper selenide in electrolyte containing the sulfide/polysulfide redox couple, we assembled liquid-junction quantum dots-sensitized solar cells (QDSSC) using the synthesized copper selenide thin films as counter electrodes and CdSe quantum dots-sensitized mesoporous TiO2 as photoanodes. Under the illumination of one Sun (100 mW cm−2), the QDSSC assembled with the optimal copper selenide CEs (Cu:Se = 1:1) exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 2.07%, which is much higher than that of traditional Pt counter electrode (0.76%).