bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical relevance of potentially inappropriate medications and potential prescribing omissions according to explicit criteria—a validation study
Authors: Parodi López Naldy , Svensson Staffan A. , Wallerstedt Susanna M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the clinical relevance of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and potential prescribing omissions (PPOs), and to evaluate the association between PIMs/PPOs and inadequate drug treatment.

Methods
PIMs/PPOs, concordantly identified by two physicians applying the STOPP/START criteria, the EU(7)-PIM list, and a Swedish set in 302 consecutive older primary care patients, were assessed regarding clinical relevance for the specific patient. The physicians determined, in consensus, whether an action related to the medication was medically justified prior to the next regular consultation. If so, the drug treatment was categorised as inadequate, and if not, the treatment was considered adequate.

Results
In all, 259 (86%) patients had 1010 PIMs/PPOs, 150 (15%) of which, in 81 (27%) patients, were assessed as clinically relevant (kappa: 0.26). A total of 75 (50%) clinically relevant PIMs and PPOs were prioritised for medical action before the next regular consultation. Action-requiring clinically relevant PIMs most often concerned acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) for primary prevention (four out of 68 patients on ASA). The corresponding PPOs concerned beta-blockers in ischaemic heart disease (four out of 61 patients with this condition). When an overall medical perspective was applied, 164 (63%) out of 259 patients with PIMs/PPOs were assessed as having adequate treatment. In adjusted logistic regression, number of PIMs and/or PPOs and number of drugs were associated with inadequate drug treatment.

Conclusion
One in seven PIMs/PPOs may be clinically relevant, half of these not of priority for medical action. Cautious interpretation is warranted when PIMs/PPOs are used as outcome measures.
Anatomy of the coronary sinus with regard to cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation
Authors: Borgquist Rasmus , Wang Lingwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractKnowledge of the coronary sinus (CS) anatomy is crucial for implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Obstacles to CS entry, such as the Eustachian ridge and Thebesian valve, as well as within the CS, such as Vieussen’s valve and the vein of Marshall, are important to understand and differentiate during implantation or to identify earlier by imaging. Anatomic knowledge is mandatory to select the most suitable side branch for lead implantation. Modern tools and techniques almost always enable other anatomic problems, such as tortuous, small, short, or overly straight side branches, to also be overcome.
Retinal inner nuclear layer thinning is decreased and associates with the clinical outcome in ocrelizumab-treated primary progressive multiple sclerosis
Authors: Miscioscia Alessandro , Puthenparampil Marco , Miante Silvia , Pengo Marta , Rinaldi Francesca , Perini Paola , Gallo Paolo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Ocrelizumab was found to decrease brain atrophy rate in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), but no data are currently available on the effect of ocrelizumab on retinal layer thicknesses in the PPMS population.

Objective
To assess retinal layer changes in ocrelizumab-treated PPMS and test their possible application as biomarkers of therapy response.

Methods
36 PPMS patients, treated with ocrelizumab for at least 6 months, and 39 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were included in a blind, longitudinal study. Spectrum-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed at study entry (T0) and after 6 (T6) and 12 months (T12). At month 24 (T24), patients were divided into responders (no evidence of 1-year confirmed disability progression, 1y-CDP) and non-responders (evidence of 1y-CDP).

Results
At T24, 23/36 (64%) patients were considered responders and 13/36 (36%) non-responders. At T0, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness, macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and inner retinal layer (IRL) volume were significantly lower in PPMS compared to HC (p = 0.001 for all comparisons). At T6 and T12, non-responders significantly differed in the inner nuclear layer (INL) thinning rate compared to responders (p = 0.005 at both time-points).

Conclusions
Ocrelizumab significantly slows down INL thinning rate in PPMS responders. The longitudinal analysis of retina layer changes by means of OCT may be a promising prognostic test, and merits further investigations.
Complete and durable response to crizotinib in a patient with malignant pleural mesothelioma harboring CD74-ROS1 fusion
Authors: Xie Xuehua , You Mengxing , Meng Erhong , Wang Shunyou , Niu Beifang , Huang Weiming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and deadly malignancy with an extremely poor prognosis. The median overall survival (OS) of this disease is 12–18 months. However, the oncogenic driver mutations of MPM are rarely understood, and the targeted therapy for it is still under investigation. In this report, we describe a case of MPM with CD74-ROS1 fusion who obtains complete and durable response after receiving crizotinib. By the time of submission, the progression-free survival (PFS) with crizotinib has been 6.0 years, and the patient has survived for 7.6 years. Currently, he is still in complete remission (CR). To the best of our knowledge, this case represents the first report of CD74-ROS1 fusion identified in MPM. Meanwhile, it is also the first report of complete and long-term response to crizotinib in a patient with MPM positive for CD74-ROS1 fusion. This case report might contribute to the tumorigenesis and targeted therapy of this deadly disease.
Geomorphology and initiation mechanisms of the 2020 Haines, Alaska landslide
Authors: Darrow Margaret M. , Nelson Victoria A. , Grilliot Michael , Wartman Joseph , Jacobs Aaron , Baichtal James F. , Buxton Cindy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn early December 2020, an atmospheric river (AR) and rain-on-snow (ROS) event impacted the Haines, Alaska area, resulting in record-breaking rainfall and snowmelt that caused flooding and dozens of mass movement events. We consider the AR—a one-in-500-year event—as the trigger for the devastating Beach Road Landslide (BRLS), which destroyed or damaged four residences and took the lives of two people. The BRLS started as a debris avalanche and transitioned into a debris flow, with a total approximate landslide volume of 187,100 m3. Geomorphic analysis using lidar data identified evidence of paleo-landslides and displaced masses of rock, one of which served as the source area for the BRLS. Significant structural features in the weak ultramafic bedrock defined the head scarp area and formed the failure plane. This study illustrates the importance of identifying pre-existing landslide features and source areas likely to produce future landslides. As an increase in ROS events is projected for Southeast Alaska with warmer and wetter winters, we recommend the development of an AR scale coupled with geological information for the region, to enhance warnings to residents in landslide-prone areas.
Deciphering everyday meaning-making with Gramsci
Authors: Lems Annika 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, I take the principle underwriting Gramsci’s philosophy of praxis that ‘all men are philosophers’, as a point of departure to interrogate the anti-cosmopolitan everyday conceptions of the world I encountered during my fieldwork in an Austrian Alpine village in the midst of the Corona pandemic. In an attempt to understand the social and political force of such vernacular reasonings, I map the contours of a critical phenomenology of common sense. Following Gramsci’s lead, I reiterate that philosophical ideas uttered by the ‘man and woman in the street’ should be taken seriously by intellectuals. I argue that the moral and political judgements they contain do not just offer a unique basis for analysing the ways ideologies are rooted in the everyday, but also for tracing the intellectual currents underlying sedimented, exclusionary conceptions of belonging. In doing so, Gramsci’s philosophy of praxis enables phenomenologically oriented anthropologists to move beyond de-historicised and romanticised depictions of the everyday whilst keeping their focus on everyday acts of meaning-making. By analysing the anti-cosmopolitan common sense ideas I came across through a Gramscian lens, I suggest that his work can form a key avenue for deciphering the social, historical and intellectual currents propelling societal change.
Fabrication, characterization, and gamma ray shielding properties of PVA-based polymer nanocomposite
Authors: Kawady Nilly A. , Elkattan Mohamed , Salah M. , Galhoum Ahmed A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn innovative cost-effective and lead-free polymer nanocomposite of polyvinyl alcohol/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone was developed. PVA/PVP nanocomposite film contained spherical AgCl and SnO2 nanoparticles was facilely prepared via a one-pot synthesis method. The synthesis route affords uniform dispersion of the both nanoparticles and unique features of polymer nanocomposite of insoluble, dense, and nonporous properties. The new nanocomposite achieved an efficient gamma radiation attenuation capability. The attenuation capacity for gamma photons was investigated in terms of linear and mass attenuation coefficients (µ) and (µm), respectively, at low and high energies (using 60Co and 137Cs sources). Other parameters such as half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), and mean free path (MFP) were used to evaluate the shielding capacity. Theoretical calculation (XCOM program) results were consistent with the obtained experimental results. The results revealed that the essential thickness of the polymer nanocomposite to reduce the γ-ray intensity to 50% is 6.6, 8.9, and 9.8 cm for 662, 1173, and 1332 keV γ-ray energies, respectively. The physio-chemical properties of the polymer nanocomposite were evaluated using spectroscopic, microscopic, and thermal analysis tools. Additionally, the formation of spherical nanoparticles was elucidated using TEM. FTIR and leachability were used to confirm the stability, good durability, and chemical resistivity of the synthesized polymer nanocomposite. The nano-filler AgCl and SnO2 formation mechanism was discussed in detail.
Graphical abstract
Ugandan Men Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Nationally Representative Data
Authors: Waila Jacinta , Lule Herman , Lowery Wilson Michael , Bärnighausen Till , Abio Anne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough women typically constitute the largest proportion of the population who experience the deleterious effects of intimate partner violence (IPV), understanding the bidirectional nature of IPV is important for developing nuanced prevention initiatives. This study examines data from the 2016 Ugandan Demographic and Health Survey. Participants were selected from households in all the 15 regions in Uganda using a two stage sampling design. A total of 2858 men who were in a heterosexual union or separated/divorced were included in the analysis. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed with the aim of identifying associations between selected demographic variables and male exposure to all forms of IPV combined, psychological violence, physical violence and sexual violence. The prevalence of lifetime IPV and during the 12 months preceeding the survey respectively was 43.6 and 30.5% in all forms, with 35.9 and 24.8% reporting psychological, 20.2 and 11.9% for physical and 8.2 and 5.7% sexual violence. The key factors associated with all forms of IPV were being afraid of their wife/partner most of the time (OR = 5.10, 95% CI 2.91, 8.96) controlling behaviour of the intimate partner (OR = 3.80, 95% CI 2.84, 5.07), bi-directional violence against the partner (OR = 3.20, 95% CI 2.49, 4.12), alcohol consumption by the intimate partner (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.40, 2.45). The factors associated with males who experience IPV appear to be modifiable and may warrant consideration for inclusion in programs supporting both males and females who experience IPV.
Bridging the Gap Between Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment in Science Education Research with Machine Learning — A Case for Pretrained Language Models-Based Clustering
Authors: Wulff Peter , Buschhüter David , Westphal Andrea , Mientus Lukas , Nowak Anna , Borowski Andreas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractScience education researchers typically face a trade-off between more quantitatively oriented confirmatory testing of hypotheses, or more qualitatively oriented exploration of novel hypotheses. More recently, open-ended, constructed response items were used to combine both approaches and advance assessment of complex science-related skills and competencies. For example, research in assessing science teachers’ noticing and attention to classroom events benefitted from more open-ended response formats because teachers can present their own accounts. Then, open-ended responses are typically analyzed with some form of content analysis. However, language is noisy, ambiguous, and unsegmented and thus open-ended, constructed responses are complex to analyze. Uncovering patterns in these responses would benefit from more principled and systematic analysis tools. Consequently, computer-based methods with the help of machine learning and natural language processing were argued to be promising means to enhance assessment of noticing skills with constructed response formats. In particular, pretrained language models recently advanced the study of linguistic phenomena and thus could well advance assessment of complex constructs through constructed response items. This study examines potentials and challenges of a pretrained language model-based clustering approach to assess preservice physics teachers’ attention to classroom events as elicited through open-ended written descriptions. It was examined to what extent the clustering approach could identify meaningful patterns in the constructed responses, and in what ways textual organization of the responses could be analyzed with the clusters. Preservice physics teachers (N = 75) were instructed to describe a standardized, video-recorded teaching situation in physics. The clustering approach was used to group related sentences. Results indicate that the pretrained language model-based clustering approach yields well-interpretable, specific, and robust clusters, which could be mapped to physics-specific and more general contents. Furthermore, the clusters facilitate advanced analysis of the textual organization of the constructed responses. Hence, we argue that machine learning and natural language processing provide science education researchers means to combine exploratory capabilities of qualitative research methods with the systematicity of quantitative methods.
On the Proof Theory of Infinitary Modal Logic
Authors: Tesi Matteo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe article deals with infinitary modal logic. We first discuss the difficulties related to the development of a satisfactory proof theory and then we show how to overcome these problems by introducing a labelled sequent calculus which is sound and complete with respect to Kripke semantics. We establish the structural properties of the system, namely admissibility of the structural rules and of the cut rule. Finally, we show how to embed common knowledge in the infinitary calculus and we discuss first-order extensions of infinitary modal logic.
The impact of sleep disordered breathing on cardiac troponin in acutely decompensated heart failure
Authors: Light Matthew P. , Kreitinger Kimberly Y. , Lee Euyhyun , DeYoung Pamela N. , Lakhani Avni , Siegel Brent , Daniels Lori B. , Malhotra Atul , Owens Robert L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Sleep disordered breathing in decompensated heart failure has physiological consequences (e.g., intermittent hypoxemia) that may predispose to subclinical myocardial injury, yet a temporal relationship between sleep apnea and troponin elevation has not been established.

Methods
We assessed the feasibility of performing respiratory polygraphy and measuring overnight high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T change in adults admitted to the hospital with acutely decompensated heart failure. Repeat sleep apnea tests (SATs) were performed to determine response to optimal medical heart failure therapy. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations between absolute overnight troponin change and sleep apnea characteristics.

Results
Among the 19 subjects with acutely decompensated heart failure, 92% of SATs demonstrated sleep disordered breathing (apnea–hypopnea index [AHI] > 5 events/h). For those with repeat SATs, AHI increased in 67% despite medical management of heart failure. Overnight troponin increase was associated with moderate to severe sleep apnea (vs. no to mild sleep apnea, odds ratio (OR = 18.4 [1.51–224.18]), central apnea index (OR = 1.11 [1.01–1.22]), and predominantly central sleep apnea (vs. obstructive, OR = 22.9 [1.29–406.32]).

Conclusions
Sleep apnea severity and a central apnea pattern may be associated with myocardial injury. Respiratory polygraphy with serial biomarker assessment is feasible in this population, and combining this approach with interventions (e.g., positive airway pressure) may help establish if a link exists between sleep apnea and subclinical myocardial injury.
Comparative study on the performance of solar still equipped with local clay as an energy storage material
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed H. , Attalla Mohamed , Shmroukh Ahmed N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe paucity of freshwater is very dangerous in the coming years. Many coastal countries suffer from a scarcity of freshwater. Solar desalination is the cheapest way to produce freshwater from any type of non-drinkable water (brackish water and seawater). In this work, single-slope single-basin solar still for seawater desalination was examined under Upper Egyptian weather conditions of Qena City (latitude 26.16°, longitude 32.71°). The main goal of the work is to compare the performance of conventional solar still, solar still supported with PCM, and solar still supported with local clay material to augment the solar still yield during both daytime and nighttime periods of operation. The results demonstrated that the total production of desalinated water from the simple conventional solar still, the solar still with PCM, and the solar still with local clay reached about 3885, 4704, and 5388.6 ml/m2, respectively. Moreover, compared to the conventional solar still, the yield was increased by about 21% when using the PCM, and about 38.7% when using the local clay material. Furthermore, it can be observed that the daytime productivity in the case of solar still supported with local clay was higher than that for the solar still supported with PCM, while the nighttime productivity was higher in the case of solar still supported with PCM compared with solar still supported with local clay. Moreover, the average daily efficiency of conventional solar still, solar still with PCM, and solar still with local clay reached about 34, 41.2, and 47%, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended to use the solar still with local clay for seawater desalination in such arid and hot climate of Qena City.
Selective Absorber Coatings and Technological Advancements in Performance Enhancement for Parabolic Trough Solar Collector
Authors: Asaad Yasseen Al-Rabeeah , Istvan Seres , Istvan Farkas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractParabolic trough solar collector systems are the most advanced concentrating solar power technology for large-scale power generation purposes. The current work reviews various selective coating materials and their characteristics for different designs in concentrating solar power. Solar selective absorbing coatings collect solar radiation and convert it to heat. To promote higher efficiency and lower energy costs at higher temperatures requires, this study aims to analyse the fundamental chemistry and thermal stability of some key coatings currently being used and even under investigation to find reasons for differences, information gaps and potential for improvement in results. In recent years, several novel and useful solar absorber coatings have been developed. However, qualification test methods such as corrosion resistance, thermal stability testing and prediction of service life, which have essential technical value for large-scale solar absorbers, are lacking. Coatings are used to enhance the performance of reflectors and absorbers in terms of quality, efficiency, maintenance and cost. Differentiated coatings are required as there are no uniformly perfect materials in various applications, working conditions and material variations. Much more knowledge of the physical and chemical properties and durability of the coatings is required, which will help prevent failures that could not be discovered previously.
Einfluss der Bildschirmzeit auf die Schlafqualität Studierender
Authors: Nestler Sophie , Böckelmann Irina 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Die regenerative Wirkung des Schlafes ist für die körperliche, kognitive, emotionale und behaviorale Tagesleistung im Studium von essenzieller Bedeutung. Neben dem Stress im Studierendenalltag nimmt auch die Nutzung der Bildschirmgeräte im Vordergrund der pandemiebedingten Onlinelehre drastisch zu. Insbesondere in den Abend- und Nachtstunden kann die erhöhte Bildschirmnutzung zu einer physischen, psychischen und kognitiven Aktivierung beitragen, was wiederum die Schlafqualität der Studierenden negativ beeinflussen kann.

Methoden
Zur Ermittlung möglicher Zusammenhänge zwischen der Bildschirmnutzung in der Onlinelehre sowie deren Auswirkungen auf die Schlafhygiene und -qualität nahmen 216 Studierende der Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal anonym und freiwillig an der Onlinebefragung im Mai 2021 teil. Das positive Ethikvotum liegt vor.

Ergebnisse
Die allgemeine Schlafqualität der Studierendenschaft ist bei 68,9 % (n = 149) der befragten Studierenden als schlecht zu bewerten. Besonders Studierende, die vorwiegend am Abend oder in der Nacht für ihr Studium an Bildschirmgeräten arbeiteten und somit chronobiologisch eine Tendenz zu einem Abendtyp aufwiesen, neigten zu einem schlechteren Schlaf.

Diskussion
Die Auswirkungen langer Bildschirmzeiten in den Abend- und Nachtstunden können weitreichende Folgen für den Schlafrhythmus und das Bewusstsein für die körperlichen Bedürfnisse nach Pausen und Schlaf haben. Besonders die Onlinelehre in Zeiten der Coronapandemie führte zu einer Erhöhung der Bildschirmzeit neben der ebenso hohen privaten Nutzung. Daraus könnte eine weiterhin negative Beeinträchtigung der Schlafhygiene und -qualität nicht nur auf Kosten der Konzentrations- und Leistungsfähigkeit am Tage, sondern vielmehr der physischen und psychischen Gesundheit resultieren.