bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of repeated remote ischemic postconditioning after an ischemic stroke (REPOST): A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Landman Thijs RJ , Schoon Yvonne , Warlé Michiel C , Meijer Frederick JA , Leeuw Frank-Erik De , Thijssen Dick HJ 
Published: May 2022

Background and Aims: A potential strategy to treat ischemic stroke may be the application of repeated remote ischemic postconditioning (rIPostC). This consists of several cycles of brief periods of limb ischemia followed by reperfusion, which can be applied by inflating a simple blood pressure cuff and subsequently could result in neuroprotection after stroke. Methods: Adult patients admitted with an ischemic stroke in the past 24 h were randomized 1:1 to repeated rIPostC or sham-conditioning. Repeated rIPostC was performed by inflating a blood pressure cuff around the upper arm (4 × 5 min at 200 mm Hg), which was repeated twice daily during hospitalization with a maximum of 4 days. Primary outcome was infarct size after 4 days or at discharge. Secondary outcomes included the modified Rankin Scale (mRS)-score after 12 weeks and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at discharge. Results: The trial was preliminarily stopped after we included 88 of the scheduled 180 patients (average age: 70 years, 68% male) into rIPostC (n = 40) and sham-conditioning (n = 48). Median infarct volume was 2.19 mL in rIPostC group and 5.90 mL in sham-conditioning, which was not significantly different between the two groups (median difference: 3.71; 95% CI: −0.56 to 6.09; p = 0.31). We found no significant shift in the mRS score distribution between groups. The adjusted common odds ratio was 2.09 (95% CI: 0.88–5.00). We found no significant difference in the NIHSS score between groups (median difference: 1.00; 95% CI: −0.99 to 1.40; p = 0.51). Conclusion: This study found no significant improvement in infarct size or clinical outcome in patients with an acute ischemic stroke who were treated with repeated remote ischemic postconditioning. However, due to a lower-than-expected inclusion rate, no definitive conclusions about the effectiveness of rIPostC can be drawn
CircKIAA0368 Promotes Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Upregulating HOXA10 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhiping , Gong Qiaoying , Li Daojing , Zhou Juying 
Published: May 2022

Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents a head and neck cancer caused by cancerization of nasal epithelial cells. HOXA10 has been identified to promote proliferation and invasion of NPC cells, but its regulatory mechanism has not been well discussed. Published research work has also pointed out that circular RNAs (circRNAs) could regulate mRNAs to affect NPC tumorigenesis and development. Aim To explore the roles of HOXA10 and its specific regulatory mechanism regarding circRNAs in NPC. Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot were applied to test gene expression. Functional assays were used to evaluate changes in NPC cell phenotypes. Mechanism assays were done to verify RNA-RNA or RNA-protein interaction. Results HOXA10 was highly expressed in NPC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, HOXA10 knockdown could restrict NPC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. CircKIAA0368 was upregulated in NPC cells and could elevate HOXA10 expression by sponging miR-6838-5p. Furthermore, circKIAA0368 was unveiled to competitively bind to p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor (PCAF) to repress acetylation and degradation of HOXA10 protein. Conclusion CircKIAA0368 upregulates HOXA10 expression via miR-6838-5p and PCAF, consequently promoting NPCcell and tumor growth.
Abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome: A cross sectional survey of treatment outcomes
Authors: Kanakarajan Saravanakumar , Dharmavaram Sudhindra , Tadros Amir , Pushparaj Hemkumar , Rose Anna 
Published: May 2022

Objective Abdominal Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment Syndrome (ACNES) is a common but under recognised cause of chronic abdominal wall Pain. This survey was carried out to understand the clinical course of the condition following interventions such as nerve blocks and surgical release of entrapped nerve. Design Retrospective, Cross-sectional survey. Setting Pain Management clinic at University teaching hospital. Subjects Adult patients who had interventions either nerve block or surgical release over a 6 year period. Methods After written informed consent, participants completed a questionnaire including Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), quality of health measure (EQ-5D-5L), and global impression of change scale as well as open-ended question about the outcomes. Baseline demographics, details of pain condition, interventions received were collected from the health records. Results The diagnosis of ACNES was established in 85.2% by ultrasound guided injections. The injection therapy with local anaesthetic and steroid was successful to 75.8% while the surgical release was successful in 90%. The cumulative duration of pain relief varied from 3 weeks to 5 years. A significant difference was noted in BPI ( p = 0.001), EQ-5D-5L ( p = 0.002) and health thermometer ( p = 0.009) post interventions. Conclusions Ultrasound guided injections aid the accurate diagnosis of ACNES. Appropriate treatment of ACNES improves both pain control and quality of life.
The effect of auditory stimulation using delta binaural beat for a better sleep and post-sleep mood: A pilot study
Authors: Dabiri Roya , Monazzam Esmaielpour Mohammad Reza , Salmani Nodoushan Mojahede , khaneshenas Farin , Zakerian Seyed Abolfazl 
Published: May 2022

Background Although previous evidence confirms the effects of sleep deprivation on mental health and wellbeing, due to the interaction effects of sleep and mood on each other, the influence of sleep improvement has received less attention. Objective This study aimed to find whether binaural beat technology can enhance sleep quality and thus post-sleep mood. Methods Twenty healthy students participated in this pilot study. All subjects were investigated for two weeks (a baseline week and an experimental week). In the first week, there was no intervention, but in the second week, all subjects were exposed to a 90 min binaural beat in the delta frequency range. The individuals’ sleep was monitored for two weeks using a sleep diary form, and a Profile of Mood State questionnaire was employed to assess their mood at the end of the first and second weeks. Results Auditory stimulation with delta binaural beat enhanced sleep parameters such as sleep failure, the number of awakenings, real duration of sleep, sleep quality, and feeling following the waking of the individuals. Finally, students’ moods improved by reducing anxiety and anger, but other mood parameters did not indicate a significant difference. Conclusion The findings of this study confirmed that auditory stimulation with a delta binaural beat seems to be a low-cost and alternative method for medicine and other treatment methods with side effects. Application This study demonstrates the use of technology with a neuroergonomics approach to improve sleep and mood disorders.
Risk Factors for Subsidence Following Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Zavras Athan G. , Federico Vincent , Nolte Michael T. , Butler Alexander J. , Dandu Navya , Munim Mohammed , Harper Daniel E. , Lopez Gregory D. , DeWald Christopher J. , An Howard S. , Singh Kern , Phillips Frank M. , Colman Matthew W. 
Published: May 2022

Study Design Retrospective cohort Objective Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) may be complicated by subsidence, which can lead to significant morbidity including pain, disc space collapse, neural compression, segmental kyphosis, instability, and vertebral body fracture. This study sought to identify patient and procedural risk factors for subsidence in patients undergoing ALIF. Methods This study analyzed consecutive patients who underwent ALIF at a single institution with a minimum of 2 years follow-up. Patients were grouped as either Non-Subsidence (NS-ALIF) or Cage Subsidence (CS-ALIF) based on the final postoperative radiograph. Demographic variables, operative characteristics, and radiographic outcomes were evaluated to identify significant predictors on univariate and multivariate statistics. Results 144 patients (170 levels) were included with an average follow-up of 50.70 ± 28.44 months (4.23 years). The incidence of subsidence was 22.94% (39/170 levels). On univariate statistics, the CS-ALIF group was significantly older (P = .020), had higher BMI (P = .048), worse ASA (P = .001), higher prevalence of comorbid osteoporosis (P < .001), and a more anteriorly placed interbody device (P = .005). On multivariate analysis, anterior cage placement remained the only significant predictor (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03–1.14; P = .003). There was a significantly higher rate of subsequent adjacent segment surgery among the CS-ALIF group (P = .035). Conclusion Factors contributing to subsidence in ALIF included older age, higher BMI, severe ASA, and osteoporosis, while anterior cage placement remained the only independent predictor on multivariate analysis. Subsidence was associated with a higher rate of subsequent adjacent segment surgery. Surgical technique should optimize placement of the interbody cage and avoid overstuffing the disc space.
Health-related quality of life scores of metastatic pancreatic cancer patients responsive to first line chemotherapy compared to newly derived EORTC QLQ-C30 reference values
Authors: Amin Suvina , Joo Seongjung , Nolte Sandra , Yoo Hyun Kyoo , Patel Nikunj , Byrnes Hilary F. , Costa-Cabral Sara , Johnson Colin D. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC) and its treatments significantly impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL). POLO, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy of olaparib as maintenance therapy in germline BRCA mutated mPC patients who had not progressed during ≥16 weeks of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. HRQoL was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30. To enhance score interpretation, we derived reference values for treatment-naïve mPC patients from the literature.

Methods
A targeted literature review identified EORTC QLQ-C30 baseline values in treatment-naïve mPC patients. Reference values were calculated by deriving means from studies meeting inclusion criteria, with scores from 0 to 100 (higher scores indicate better QoL/functioning but worse symptoms). For POLO patients, means were calculated using pooled baseline data across study arms.

Results
Four studies met inclusion criteria. Depending on the specific scale, sample sizes ranged from n = 466 to n = 639. Compared to newly derived reference values, POLO patients reported markedly better HRQoL scores at baseline across most scales, with eight scales showing differences of ≥10 points. POLO patients’ HRQoL scores were often close to or better than general population norm data.

Conclusions
This is the first study to systematically derive EORTC QLQ-C30 reference values for mPC. POLO patients had better HRQoL scores than those in the literature and similar to general population data. Comparatively high HRQoL of POLO patients are likely due to effects of prior first-line treatment and resolution of chemotherapy-related symptoms, response shift, or a combination. Newly derived reference values can enhance interpretation of mPC patients’ HRQoL.

Trial registration
The POLO trial was registered on 9 July 2014 with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT 02184195.
Safety, activity, and pharmacokinetics of camrelizumab in advanced Asian melanoma patients: a phase I study
Authors: Zhou Li , Wu Xiaowen , Chi Zhihong , Si Lu , Sheng Xinan , Kong Yan , Mao Lili , Lian Bin , Tang Bixia , Yan Xieqiao , Wang Xuan , Bai Xue , Li Siming , Wei Xiaoting , Li Juan , Yang Qing , Guo Jun , Cui Chuanliang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Anti-programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) monotherapy is the standard treatment for metastatic melanoma in current. Camrelizumab is a humanized IgG4 anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody whose safety and efficacy have not been reported in advanced Asian melanoma patients.

Methods
This phase I study investigated the safety, activity, and pharmacokinetics of camrelizumab in Chinese patients with advanced melanoma. The study included two phases, the dose-escalation phase (“3 + 3” design at 60 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg) and the dose-expansion phase.

Results
No dose-limiting toxicities were recorded over the dose-escalation phase, and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) in 36 patients were reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation, followed by rash, fever, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, vitiligo, and fatigue. Five grade 3 or above TRAEs were reported (13.9%), including two cases of elevated γ-glutamyltransferase and blood triglycerides without clinical symptoms, and one liver injury recovered after symptomatic treatment. The confirmed overall response rate was 13.9% (95%CI: 4.7, 29.5%) and disease control rate was 38.9% (95%CI: 23.1, 56.5%). The median progression-free survival was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.1, 2.4) and the median overall survival was 11.1 months (95%CI: 6.8, 15.4).

Conclusions
Camrelizumab had acceptable tolerability and similar anti-tumor activity compared with other anti-PD-1 antibodies in advanced Asian melanoma patients.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identification: NCT02738489. Registered on 14/04/2016, prospectively registered.
Evaluation of Ab externo subretinal bands removal during pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Elbaha Samir , Ghoneem Mohammed , abousamra Amir , Abouhussein Mahmoud 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
To compare the safety and efficacy of Ab-externo subretinal bands removal in comparison with the classical Ab-interno approach during pars plana vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods
Subjects aged 28–62 years with primary RRD complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) with subretinal bands interfering with retinal flattening were treated by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and silicone oil injection. Subretinal bands were removed using the classical AB interno approach through one or more retinotomies in ten patients (group A) and using AB externo approach in twenty cases (group B). Post-operative follow-up visits occurred at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months, after surgery. The main outcomes were assessment of subretinal bands removal efficacy, documentation of complications, anatomical reattachment rate, and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding patients’ age, gender, lens status, and the onset of retinal detachment. Seventy percent of both groups presented with inferior retinal detachment while ten percent presented with temporal detachments and twenty percent had a total retinal detachment. Both groups had a statistically significant improvement in postoperative visual acuity in comparison with preoperative visual acuity (P = 0.005 for group A and P =  < 0.001 for group B). There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding preoperative (P = 0.928) and postoperative (P = 0.185) visual acuity. A higher incidence of complications was reported in group A (40%) in comparison with group B (30%) but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.69). More Epimacular membranes were seen postoperatively in group A (30%) in comparison with group B (20%) but again this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.657). Subretinal hemorrhage was seen in ten percent of cases in both groups. Intraocular pressure was measured in every follow-up of all patients in both groups, no statistically significant difference was found between both groups.

Conclusions
Both techniques are effective and safe to remove subretinal bands with similar outcomes.
Association between sedentary behavior and depression among Japanese medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional online survey
Authors: Tashiro Tsubasa , Maeda Noriaki , Tsutsumi Shogo , Komiya Makoto , Arima Satoshi , Mizuta Rami , Fukui Kazuki , Nishikawa Yuichi , Urabe Yukio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Sedentary behavior, particularly prevalent during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has been shown to lead to depression. In medical students, this could negatively affect the provision of healthcare. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between sedentary behavior and depression in Japanese medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from July 30 to August 30, 2021, using anonymous questionnaire system to assess respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, sedentary behavior among 1000 Japanese university students. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). The data of 484 respondents (48.4%) were included in a stepwise analysis, where we set the difference between medical and non-medical students as Model 1 and that between medical students with and without depression as Model 2. For group comparisons of both models, the chi-square test was used for sociodemographic characteristics, and the Mann–Whitney U-test was used for physical activity and sedentary behavior. In Model 2, factors associated with depression among medical students were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.

Results
In Model 1, medical students were less physically active (p < 0.001), had longer sedentary time (p < 0.001), and had higher PHQ-2 scores (p = 0.048) than non-medical students. In Model 2, medical students with depression had longer sedentary time (p = 0.004) and longer leisure screen time than those without depression (p = 0.007). Moreover, logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders showed that sedentary time (OR = 1.001, p = 0.048) and leisure screen time (OR = 1.003, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with depression among medical students.

Conclusions
Based on these results, it is evident that reducing Japanese medical students’ sedentary time and leisure screen time can help combat depression during the COVID-19 pandemic; thus, these results can guide the development of appropriate interventions to prevent and treat depression.
Quality-assured training in the evaluation of cochlear implant electrode position: a prospective experimental study
Authors: Mewes Alexander , Burg Sebastian , Brademann Goetz , Dambon Jan Andreas , Hey Matthias 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to demonstrate the utility of an approach in training predoctoral medical students, to enable them to measure electrode-to-modiolus distances (EMDs) and insertion-depth angles (aDOIs) in cochlear implant (CI) imaging at the performance level of a single senior rater.

Methods
This prospective experimental study was conducted on a clinical training dataset comprising patients undergoing cochlear implantation with a Nucleus® CI532 Slim Modiolar electrode (N = 20) or a CI512 Contour Advance electrode (N = 10). To assess the learning curves of a single medical student in measuring EMD and aDOI, interrater differences (senior–student) were compared with the intrarater differences of a single senior rater (test–retest). The interrater and intrarater range were both calculated as the distance between the 0.1th and 99.9th percentiles. A “deliberate practice” training approach was used to teach knowledge and skills, while correctives were applied to minimize faulty data-gathering and data synthesis.

Results
Intrarater differences of the senior rater ranged from − 0.5 to 0.5 mm for EMD and − 14° to 16° for aDOI (respective medians: 0 mm and 0°). Use of the training approach led to interrater differences that matched this after the 4th (EMD) and 3rd (aDOI) feedback/measurement series had been provided to the student.

Conclusions
The training approach enabled the student to evaluate the CI electrode position at the performance level of a senior rater. This finding may offer a basis for ongoing clinical quality assurance for the assessment of CI electrode position.
Effects of a novel, 3D printed bilateral arytenoid abductor on canine laryngeal airway resistance ex vivo
Authors: MacGillivray Katelyn E. , Bellefeuille Sean D. , Hoffmann Daniel E. , St. Germaine Lindsay L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundLaryngeal paralysis is a disease process most commonly seen in older, large breed dogs. When both arytenoid cartilages are affected dogs can develop life-threatening respiratory compromise, therefore surgical intervention is recommended. While there are multiple surgical procedures that have been described to treat laryngeal paralysis, there remains a considerable risk for postoperative complications, most commonly aspiration pneumonia. The objective of this ex vivo experimental study was to evaluate the effects of a novel, 3D printed bilateral arytenoid abductor on laryngeal airway resistance in canine cadaver larynges. Laryngeal airway resistance was calculated for each specimen before (control) and after placement of a 3D printed, bilateral arytenoid abductor. The airway resistance was measured at an airflow of 10 L/min with the epiglottis closed and at airflows ranging from 15 L/min to 60 L/min with the epiglottis open. The effects of the bilateral arytenoid abductor on laryngeal airway resistance were evaluated statistically.ResultsWith the epiglottis open, median laryngeal airway resistance in all larynges with a bilateral arytenoid abductor were significantly decreased at airflows of 15 L/min (0.0cmH2O/L/sec), 30 L/min (0.2cmH2O/L/sec), and 45 L/min (0.2cmH2O/L/sec) compared to the controls 15 L/min (0.4cmH2O/L/sec;P = 0.04), 30 L/min (0.9cmH2O/L/sec;P = 0.04), and 45 L/min (1.2cmH2O/L/sec;P = 0.04). When the epiglottis was closed, there was no significant difference in laryngeal resistance between the control (18.8cmH2O/L/sec) and the abducted larynges (18.1cmH2O/L/sec;P = 0.83).ConclusionsPlacement of a bilateral arytenoid abductor reduced laryngeal resistance in canine cadaver larynges compared to the controls when the epiglottis was open. With the epiglottis closed, there was no loss of laryngeal resistance while the device abducted the arytenoid cartilages. The results of this ex vivo study is encouraging for consideration of further evaluation of the bilateral arytenoid abductor to determine an appropriate material and tolerance of this device in vivo.