bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemic vaccine testing: Combining conventional and challenge studies
Authors: Gerhard Tobias , Strom Brian L. , Eyal Nir 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEarly into COVID, human challenge trials were considered, but usually as alternatives to conventional randomized controlled trials. Instead, assessment of authorized COVID vaccines, of further COVID vaccines, and of vaccines against future pandemics should combine both designs, in five different ways, including a wholly novel one that we elaborate, Viz., combining data from both designs to answer a single question.
Helium–oxygen in bronchiolitis—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari , Kiviranta Panu , Sankilampi Ulla , Salmi Heli , Renko Marjo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionBronchiolitis is common reason for infant hospitalization. The aim of our systematic review and meta‐analysis was to evaluate helium–oxygen (heliox) in bronchiolitis.MethodsWe screened 463 studies, assessed 22 of them, and included six randomized controlled trials. Primary outcomes were the need for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or intubation, hospitalization duration, and change in the modified Woods Clinical Asthma Scale (M‐WCAS). We calculated mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous outcomes and risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous outcomes.ResultsSix studies (five double‐ and one single‐blinded) with 560 infants were included. The risk of bias was high in one, moderate in four, and low in one. The RR for the need for CPAP (three studies) was 0.87 (CI: 0.56–1.35), and for intubation (four studies) was 1.39 (CI: 0.53–3.63), heliox compared to air–oxygen. The hospital stay (four studies) was 0.25 days longer (CI: −0.22 to 0.71) in the heliox group. The mean decrease in M‐WCAS from the baseline (three studies) was 1.90 points (CI: 1.46–2.34) greater in the heliox group.ConclusionWe found low‐quality evidence that heliox does not reduce the need for CPAP, intubation, or length of hospitalization for bronchiolitis. Based on the M‐WCAS scores, heliox seems to relieve respiratory distress symptoms rapidly after its initiation. The included studies had high heterogeneity in their methods and included relatively mild cases of bronchiolitis. A larger randomized controlled trial with more severe cases of bronchiolitis with enough power to analyze the need for intubation is needed in the future.
Predictive ability of prebiopsy magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy for side‐specific negative lymph node metastasis at radical prostatectomy
Authors: Fujiwara Motohiro , Numao Noboru , Yamamoto Shinya , Ishikawa Yudai , Fujiwara Ryo , Oguchi Tomohiko , Komai Yoshinobu , Matsuoka Yoh , Yuasa Takeshi , Yonese Junji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer localization is reportedly associated with the laterality of lymph node metastasis. Thus, it may be feasible to predict side‐specific lymph node metastasis (LNM) at radical prostatectomy (RP). To investigate whether multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy findings can predict side‐specific negative LNM and to explore the feasibility of unilateral lymph node dissection (LND) at RP.MethodsA total of 500 patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer with prebiopsy multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate and subsequent prostate biopsy and who underwent RP and extended LND without neoadjuvant treatment were enrolled. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, biopsy findings, and LNM were assessed for each side. The negative predictive value (NPV) of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging or biopsy or both for ipsilateral LNM was examined.ResultsLNM was found in 9.2% (46/500) and 15.6% (28/180) of patients in the overall and high‐risk cohorts, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy findings were negative in 408 and 262 sides, respectively, in the overall cohort and 144 and 100 sides, respectively, in the high‐risk cohort. The NPVs of magnetic resonance imaging, biopsy, and both for ipsilateral LNM were 98.3%, 98.5%, and 99.1%, respectively, in the overall cohort, and 95.8%, 97.1%, and 97.6%, respectively, in the high‐risk cohort.ConclusionsUnilateral LND may be indicated based on side‐specific LNM risk as assessed by prebiopsy multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy.
Progressive pulmonary fibrosis due to diffuse alveolar damage in a COVID‐19‐infected autopsy case
Authors: Tamura Akiko , Imai Ryosuke , Tomishima Yutaka , Nishimura Naoki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe encountered a patient with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐related pneumonia, who died of progressive respiratory acidosis after 2 months of treatment with mechanical ventilation. The autopsy revealed diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) without any active signs of fungal or bacterial infections, suggesting prolonged and over‐activated immune responses against COVID‐19 infection. When COVID‐19 patients develop acute respiratory distress syndrome, it is essential to remember that the infection can progress to DAD a few months after the disease onset.
Preparation and Characterization of Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 Nanosheets with Solar Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Wen Puhong , He Qian , Hu Dengwei , Ren Lijun , Zhao Weixing , Wei Fenyan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe monoclinic Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 nanosheets exposed mainly as (010) facet were successfully prepared by a hydrothermal method using orthorhombic phase (NH4)2Mo4O13 nanosheets as the raw materials. The formation mechanism from the layered (NH4)2Mo4O13 nanosheets to the Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 nanosheets in the reaction was discussed in detail. The crystal structure and morphology of Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 nanosheets were revealed by XRD, FE‐SEM, TEM, SAED, UV‐vis DRS, EDX, XPS, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the photocatalytic performance of the Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 nanosheets as a photocatalyst was evaluated by splitting water under the simulated sunlight. The results showed that the photocurrent density and the generated H2 of the prepared sample Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 nanosheets are 20.7 μA⋅cm−2 and 154.5 μmol⋅h−1⋅g−1, respectively, which are 0.7 times higher than those generated by the control ST01. The results indicate that the Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 nanosheets have potential application value in photocatalysts and photovoltaic nanodevices.
Effect of salinity on the determination of dissolved non‐reactive phosphorus and total dissolved phosphorus in coastal waters
Authors: Hu Nana , Tang Qi , Sheng Yanqing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe salinity may affect the phosphorus (P) determination accuracy in coastal waters, especially for the dissolved non‐reactive P (DNRP) and total dissolved P (TDP). In this work, the competition mechanism between NaCl and DNRP for oxidants (K2S2O8, the most commonly used and recognized oxidant) was identified in different DNRP determinations. Furthermore, salinity influences on determinations of tetrasodium pyrophosphate decahydrate, glyphosate, phytic acid sodium salt hydrate, adenosine‐5′‐nomophosphate disodium, and TDP were investigated. The results indicated that approximately 10% IHP6 and AMP would be transferred to dissolved reactive P (DRP) during digestion without K2S2O8. When NaCl increased from 0% to 3.5% with fresh water method, the determination of Gly + K2HPO4 and IHP6 + K2HPO4 decreased by 8.0% ± 0.00% and 24% ± 0.01%, respectively. In addition, the determinations of DNRPs and TDP with different salinities in natural coastal waters by fresh water method and seawater method were performed. It showed that when the salinity >5.0 PSU, the DNRPs and TDP determination results presented deviations. At a salinity of 35.0 PSU, the TDP (KH2PO4 + Gly + IHP6 + AMP) reduction measured by two methods was more than 12.3% ± 0.46%. Furthermore, oxidants with higher digestion efficiency than K2S2O8 should be developed.Practitioner Points

~10% IHP6 and AMP could be transferred to DRP during digestion without K2S2O8 addition.
Salinity affects the DNRPs determination results mainly due to competition for oxidants and complexation with metal ions.
More than 12.3% TDP in coastal waters could not be measured when the salinity was 35.0 PSU.
To the Undiscovered Country: Facing Death in Early Twentieth-Century Finnish Poorhouses
Authors: Annola Johanna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractJohanna Annola opens up a view on a modernizing society by analysing the ways in which the experience of a ”good death” was negotiated in two early twentieth-century Finnish poorhouses. In particular, the chapter focuses on procedures that took place in the liminal stage between death and burial. Exploring two different poorhouses, Annola discusses the intersection of a traditional and modern experience of death.
Top-quark mass effects in H+jet and H+2 jets production
Authors: Chen X. , Huss A. , Jones S. P. , Kerner M. , Lang J.-N. , Lindert J. M. , Zhang H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We present calculations of Higgs boson production via gluon-gluon fusion in association with one or two additional jets at next-to-leading order in QCD. The calculation of H+jet is exact in the treatment of the top-quark mass, whereas for the H+2 jets calculation the two-loop virtual amplitudes are approximated via a reweighting with leading-order mass effects, while keeping all top-quark mass effects in the real radiation contributions. For H+jet production, this study extends a previous calculation, revealing an error in the previous results. For total and differential cross sections, we present new results and compare the QCD corrections with the infinite top-mass limit, for which we find a strikingly good agreement if all amplitudes are rescaled by the leading-order mass dependence.
Fallbericht: Persistierendes Fieber nach SARS-CoV-2-Infektion
Authors: Kliem T. , Strobel D. , Heinke F. , Pavel M. , Neurath M. F. , Neufert C. 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungEin 44-jähriger Patient hatte anhaltendes Fieber und eine deutliche Erhöhung des C-reaktiven Proteins (CRP) nach einer Infektion mit dem severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Bei zunehmender Sinustachykardie erfolgte die Bestimmung der Schilddrüsenhormone, welche eine Hyperthyreose zeigten. Sonographisch fand sich eine Vergrößerung der Schilddrüse mit unscharf begrenzten echoarmen Arealen. Wir stellten die Diagnose einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektions-assoziierten subakuten Thyreoiditis und leiteten eine Therapie mit Prednisolon ein. Diese Therapie führte kurzfristig zu einer Besserung des klinischen Zustands und zu einer vollständigen Ausheilung binnen drei Monaten.
Anatomic evaluation of the triceps tendon insertion at the proximal olecranon regarding placement of fracture fixation devices
Authors: Wegmann Sebastian , Rausch V. , Hackl M. , Leschinger T. , Scaal M. , Müller L. P. , Wegmann K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Olecranon fractures, especially with a small proximal fragment, remain a surgical challenge. Soft tissue irritation and affection of the triceps muscle bear a risk of complications. In order to find an area for a soft-tissue sparing placement of implants in the treatment of olecranon fractures, we aimed to define and measure the segments of the proximal olecranon and evaluate them regarding possible plate placement.

Methods
We investigated 82 elbow joints. Ethical approval was obtained from the local ethics committee, After positioning in an arm holder and a posterior approach we described the morphology of the triceps footprint, evaluated and measured the surface area of the triceps and posterior capsule and correlated the results to easily measurable anatomical landmarks.

Results
We found a bipartite insertional footprint with a superficial tendinous triceps insertion of 218.2 mm2 (± 41.2, range 124.7–343.2), a capsular insertion of 159.3 mm2 (± 30.2, range 99.0–232.1) and a deep, muscular triceps insertion area of 138.1 mm2 (± 30.2, range 79.9–227.5). Olecranon height was 26.7 mm (± 2.3, range 20.5–32.2), and olecranon width was 25.3 mm (± 2.4, range 20.9–30.4). Average correlation between the size of the deep insertion and ulnar (r = 0.314) and radial length (r = 0.298) was obtained.

Conclusions
We demonstrated the bipartite morphology of the distal triceps footprint and that the deep muscular triceps insertion area by its measured size could be a possible site for the placement of fracture fixations devices. The size correlates with ulnar and radial length.
How to design a multi-stage tournament when some results are carried over?
Authors: Csató László 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe paper discusses the strategy-proofness of sports tournaments with multiple group stages, where the results of matches already played in the previous round against teams in the same group are carried over. These tournaments, widely used in handball and other sports, are shown to be incentive incompatible in the sense that a team can be strictly better off by not exerting full effort in a game. Historical examples are presented when a team was ex ante disinterested in winning by a high margin. We propose a family of incentive compatible designs. Their main characteristics are compared to the original format via simulations. Carrying over half of the points scored in the previous round turns out to be a promising policy.
Visualization and image analysis of droplet puffing and micro-explosion in spray-flame synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Jüngst N. , Smallwood G. J. , Kaiser S. A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCombusting metal precursor-laden droplets, required in spray-flame synthesis of nanomaterials, are known to undergo a rapid and disruptive disintegration, i.e., puffing and micro-explosion. In this work, imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution and image-analysis routines were developed to investigate droplet disruption in spray-flame synthesis of metal oxides. Droplet shadowgraphs were imaged on a high-speed camera. The solvent was a mixture of 35 vol% ethanol and 65 vol% 2-ethylhexanoic acid which (in some cases) was mixed with a 0.2 mol/l iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate precursor. Photometric and morphological processing identified in-focus features, estimated their size, velocity, and circularity, and discriminated regular, spherical droplets from disrupting ones. While solely regular droplets were found in the spray flame of pure solvent, with the precursor/solvent mixture, disrupting droplets were found in addition to the regular droplets. Disruption events were phenomenologically classified into puffing, comprising droplet deformation and local eruption, and micro-explosion, the violent disintegration of the droplet into multiple fragments. Puffing was found to occur much more frequently than micro-explosions. Disrupting droplets had a 32% smaller Sauter mean diameter than regular droplets, indicating that disruptions are beneficial for rapid spray evaporation. At 40 and 50 mm heights above the burner, about 8 and 6%, respectively, of the in-focus droplets are disrupting per millimeter axial distance. Thus, throughout their lifetime in the spray flame, all precursor-laden droplets are expected to experience disruption.
Graphical abstract
Protein kinase C targeting of luminal (T-47D), luminal/HER2-positive (BT474), and triple negative (HCC1806) breast cancer cells in-vitro with AEB071 (Sotrastaurin) is efficient but mediated by subtype specific molecular effects
Authors: Albert Veruschka , Piendl Gerhard , Yousseff Dali , Lammert Hedwig , Hummel Michael , Ortmann Olaf , Jagla Wolfgang , Gaumann Andreas , Wege Anja K. , Brockhoff Gero 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Protein kinase C (PKC) plays a pivotal role in malignant cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasiveness and migration. However, its exploitation as therapeutic target in breast cancer has been merely explored. Here were evaluated the AEB071 (Sotrastaurin™) treatment efficiency of breast cancer cell lines derived from estrogen receptor positive (T-47D), estrogen/HER2 receptor positive (BT474), and triple negative (HCC1806) breast cancer cells under 2D (monolayer) and 3D (multicellular tumor spheroids) culture conditions. Additionally, spheroid cocultures of BC and N1 fibroblasts were analyzed.

Methods
We quantitatively assessed the proliferation capacity of breast cancer cells and fibroblasts as a function of AEB071 treatment using flow cytometry. The activities of PKC isoforms, substrates, and key molecules of the PKC signaling known to be involved in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and cellular survival were additionally evaluated. Moreover, a multigene expression analysis (PanCancer Pathways assay) using the nanoString™ technology was applied.

Results
All breast cancer cell lines subjected to this study were sensitive to AEB071 treatment, whereby cell proliferation in 2D culture was considerably (BT474) or moderately (HCC1806) retarded in G0/G1 or in G2/M phase (T-47D) of the cell cycle. Regardless of the breast cancer subtype the efficiency of AEB071 treatment was significantly lower in the presence of N1 fibroblast cells. Subtype specific driver molecules, namely IL19, c-myb, and NGFR were mostly affected by the AEB071 treatment.

Conclusion
A combined targeting of PKC and a subtype specific driver molecule might complement specified breast cancer treatment.
Central nervous system biometry in fetuses with and without congenital heart diseases
Authors: Castellanos Gutierrez Aleida Susana , Schmitz Ralf , Hammer Kerstin , Braun Janina , Oelmeier Kathrin , Köster Helen Ann , Möllers Mareike , Klockenbusch Walter , Steinhard Johannes , Kubiak Karol 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
To compare the fetal brain structures assessed in routine sonographic scans during the second and third trimesters in fetuses with and without congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods
This is a retrospective cross-sectional single-center study. We measured the head circumference (HC), the transversal diameter of the cerebellum (TCD) and the sizes of the cisterna magna (CM), the cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) and the posterior ventricles (PV) between 20 and 41 weeks of gestation. We compared 160 fetuses with CHD (case group) to 160 fetuses of normal pregnancies (control group). Every patient was matched with a control, considering the gestational age at which the ultrasound was performed. We divided the CHD group into 3 subgroups: retrograde flow in the aortic arch (group 1), right heart anomaly with the antegrade flow in the aortic arch (group 2) and other CHDs with the antegrade flow in the aortic arch (group 3).

Results
The mean width of the PV was larger in fetuses of groups 1 and 3 in comparison to the control group (P < 0.001, P = 0.022; respectively). We found that the APGAR score at 5 min (P < 0.001, P < 0.001; respectively) and gestational age at delivery (P = 0.006, P = 0.001; respectively) were inferior in groups 1 and 3 compared to controls.

Conclusions
Central nervous system biometry is altered in fetuses with CHD. PV is enlarged in CHD fetuses especially with decreased oxygen levels in the aortic arch.
Papillary thyroid cancer: the value of bilateral diagnostic lymphadenectomy
Authors: Bhangu Jagdeep Singh , Bichler Christoph , Altmeier Julia , Hargitai Lindsay , Selberherr Andreas , Mazal Peter , Brugger Jonas , Scheuba Christian , Riss Philipp , Niederle Bruno 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposePapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) spreads early to lymph nodes (LN). However, prophylactic central (CND) and lateral neck dissection (LND) is controversially discussed in patients with clinically negative nodes (cN0). The preoperative prediction of LN metastasis is desirable as re-operation is associated with higher morbidity and poor prognosis. The study aims to analyse possible benefits of a systemic bilateral diagnostic lateral lymphadenectomy (DLL) for intraoperative LN staging.MethodsPreoperative prediction of LN metastasis by conventional ultrasound (US) was correlated with the results of DLL and intra-/postoperative complications in 118 consecutive patients with PTC (cN0) undergoing initial thyroidectomy and bilateral CND and DLL.ResultsLateral LNs (pN1b) were positive in 43/118 (36.4%) patients, including skip lesions (n = 6; 14.0%). Preoperative US and intraoperative DLL suspected lateral LN metastasis in 19/236 (TP: 8.1%) and 54/236 (TP: 22.9%) sides at risk, which were confirmed by histology. Sixty-seven out of 236 (FN: 28.4%) and 32/236 (FN: 13.6%) sides at risk with negative preoperative US and intraoperative DLL lateral LN metastasis were documented. DLL was significantly superior compared to US regarding sensitivity (62.8% vs 22.1%;p < 0.002), positive predictive value (100% vs 76.0%), negative predictive value (82.4% vs 68.2%), and accuracy (86.4% vs 69.1%), but not specificity (100% vs 96.0%;p = 0.039). DLL-related complications (haematoma) occurred in 6/236 [2.5%] sides at risk, including chylous fistula in 2/118 [1.7%] patients.ConclusionDLL can be recommended for LN staging during initial surgery in patients with PTC to detect occult lateral LN metastasis not suspected by US in order to plan lateral LN dissection.
Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is highly prevalent in fancy-chicken flocks in Saxony
Authors: Freick Markus , Schreiter Ruben , Weber Jim , Vahlenkamp Thomas W. , Heenemann Kristin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe current prevalence of avian leukosis virus (ALV) in fancy chickens in Germany is unknown. Therefore, 537 cloacal swabs from 50 purebred fancy-chicken flocks in Saxony were tested for the presence of the ALV p27 protein using a commercial antigen-capture ELISA. The detection rate was 28.7% at the individual-animal level and 56.0% at the flock level. Phylogenetic analysis of PCR products obtained from 22 different flocks revealed the highest similarity to ALV subtype K. When classifying breeds by their origin, ALV detection rates differed significantly. Evaluation of questionnaire data revealed no significant differences between ALV-positive and negative flocks regarding mortality.
Stakeholder identification for a structured release planning approach in the automotive domain
Authors: Marner Kristina , Wagner Stefan , Ruhe Guenther 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn regulated domains like automotive, release planning is a complex process. This complex process consists of an agreement between product development processes for hardware as well as mechanic systems and approaches for software development. Particularly in automotive, the creation and synchronization of release plans for hardware as well as software is a challenge. Within the whole complex system development, it is challenging to consider the relevant stakeholders in the initial creation of a release plan. Depending on the context that a release plan shall be created for, there are different stakeholders that have to be considered from the beginning. There are numerous publications in the area of release planning, but there is no detailed research that shows which stakeholders have to be addressed in the automotive context. The aim of this work is to identify stakeholders of a release plan as an appropriate approach to create transparency in release planning in the automotive domain. Action research to elaborate relevant stakeholders for release planning was conducted at Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AG. We present a detailed overview of identified stakeholders as well as their required content and added value regarding two pilot projects. With this contribution, identified stakeholders of release planning from the hardware and software points of view are introduced. We discuss, based on the results, why there are common stakeholders for the two projects and why there are individual stakeholders for each project. With this work, we present a more complete stakeholder identification and a more detailed understanding of their needs.