bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Regional Prevalence and Variations in Handwashing Practices among Households in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Ismail , Habib Md. Jakaria , Haq Iqramul , Zinnia Maliha Afroj , Kabir Samia , Saleheen Ahmed Abdus Saleh , Alam Md. Mohibul , Hasan Md. Rifat , Talukder Ashis 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Handwashing practice is an effective way to minimize severe infectious diseases such as COVID-19, diarrhea, and pneumonia. The study aimed to explore the prevalence of handwashing behavior and associated determinants in rural and urban areas of Bangladesh.

Methods:
The research was performed using cross-sectional survey data from the 2019 Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, and 61,242 household members were the sample for this study. The Chi-square test was applied for the bivariate analysis. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to identify the risk factors of practicing handwashing in both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh.

Results:
Only 65% of the country's households had access to handwashing facilities (place, water, and materials). While urban dwellers were more likely to wash their hands, rural dwellers were only 63% likely to do so. The level of education of household heads, wealth status, division, number of family members, sanitation facilities, and water source were the key factors associated with handwashing behavior. This study revealed that the odds were significantly lower among illiterate respondents compared to those with secondary and above-secondary education in both areas of Bangladesh, and a positive association was found between wealth status and handwashing behavior practiced in both urban and rural areas. In this study, the size of the family was statistically significant for both rural and urban areas of Bangladesh.

Conclusion:
Handwashing is the most prominent consideration for controlling COVID-19. Policymakers are striving to improve handwashing facilities by increasing awareness-raising programs, especially among rural residents of Bangladesh.
Assessment of Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Agricultural Soils around Kubanni Bridge area, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdulqadir Muhammad , Garba Saidu , Maiwada Jibril , Zauro Sirajo 
Published: August 2022

The level of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were determined from agricultural soil collected in Kubanni area of Zaria using standard methods. The result mean±SD of the heavy metals in the five study locations; (KP1- KP3) ranges from 4.05±0.18-1.25±0.32 for Lead, 4.43±0.11-0.03±0.01 for Cadmium,4.30±0.14 - 0.13±0.08 for Chromium, 3.32±0.25-1.03±0.13 for copper. And 1.80±0.01- 0.02±0.01 for Zinc. The results of the persistent organic pollutants in the five study locations KP1- KP3 showed the mean range (±SD) concentrations from7.08±0.02-0.13±0.01 (naphthalene), 7.00±0.08 - 0.02±0.01 (anthracene) and 7.31±0.21 - 0.02±0.01 (phenanthrene). There was appreciable number of heavy metals and PAH in the study area even though it was found to be below the permissible level set by United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) in most of the locations. There is the tendency of these residues from the soil to accumulate into crops grown in the studied area, which can constitute serious health risk.
Are Thermoregulatory Sweating and Active Vasodilation in Skin Controlled by Separate Nerves During Passive Heat Stress in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury?
Authors: Trbovich Michelle , Wu Beth , Koek Wouker , Wecht Jill , Kellogg Dean 
Published: August 2022

Background
Sudomotor responses (SR) and active vasodilation (AVD) are the primary means of heat dissipation during passive heat stress (PHS). It is unknown if they are controlled by a single or separate set of nerves. Older qualitative studies suggest that persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) have discordant areas of sweating and vasodilation.

Objectives
To test the hypothesis that neural control of SR and AVD is through separate nerves by measuring SR and vasodilation in persons with SCI to determine if these areas are concordant or discordant.

Methods
Nine persons with tetraplegia, 13 with paraplegia, and nine able-bodied controls underwent PHS (core temperature rise 1°C) twice. Initially, the starch iodine test measured SR post-PHS in skin surface areas surrounding the level of injury. Subsequently, laser Doppler imagery scans measured vasodilation pre- and post-PHS in areas with and without SR. Percent change in red blood cell (RBC) flux was compared in areas with and without SR.

Results
Persons with tetraplegia were anhidrotic on all areas; however, the same areas demonstrated minimal RBC flux change significantly less than equivalent able-bodied skin surface areas. In persons with paraplegia, areas of intact SR correlated with areas of RBC flux change quantitatively comparable to able-bodied persons. In anhidrotic areas, RBC flux change was significantly less than areas with SR and likely resulted from non-AVD mechanisms.

Conclusion
In persons with SCI under PHS, areas with intact SR and AVD are concordant, suggesting these two aspects of thermoregulation are controlled by a single set of nerves.
Conciencia colectiva y su incidencia en la propagación de Covid 19 en Cuenca durante el año 2020
Authors: Beltran Flores Melissa 
Published: August 2022

En el presente artículo se podrá evidenciar datos con respecto a la conciencia colectiva de la ciudadanía azuaya con respecto al Covid 19 en el año 2020, se exhibirán las medidas más utilizadas a lo largo del año y confirmar de esta manera si los resultados del mismo han sido favorables para combatir la pandemia, mientras tanto las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de los hospitales públicos siguen trabajando casi en su límite en una lucha constante por combatir la pandemia.
Propósitos para una convivencia sana de las familias: un aporte a la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes. Rionegro 2018
Authors: Ortiz Zapata Ana Cecilia , Castañeda Bedoya Verónica María , López López Caroll Liseth , Osorio Ramírez Angie Carolina 
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo de reflexión surge del proyecto de intervención realizado para identificar los propósitos de los padres de familia, después de adelantar el seminario-taller desarrollado a partir de los contenidos de las cartillas sobre afecto, autoridad y comunicación con los hijos, en tres instituciones del municipio de Rionegro (Antioquia). Las cartillas son resultado de la investigación Percepción de la salud sexual y reproductiva de las familias del municipio de Rionegro 2013 (Correa G M. Q., 2014). Durante el seminario –taller, se brinda información clara sobre el tema de estudio a los acudientes, para la orientación adecuada en asuntos de sexualidad a sus hijos. Mediante el componente evaluativo, se evidencian los propósitos de los padres de familia y su afinidad por conocer el tema de salud sexual y reproductiva y se logra crear en ellos intenciones de escucha, comunicación, autoridad y afecto para contribuir a la salud sexual y reproductiva de sus hijos.
Sistemas de Interacción Educativa: una interpretación gráfica a la luz de la Teoría de Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann
Authors: Franco Montoya Juan Carlos , Mosquera Orozco Jaime de Jesús 
Published: August 2022

El siguiente artículo busca interpretar las dinámicas complejas presentes en los procesos de interacción que se llevan a cabo, en el acompañamiento directo en las aulas de clase o en el desarrollo de dirección y asesoría de trabajos de grado. En este sentido, los docentes deben proponer escenarios de interacción a partir de los cuales los mismos estudiantes se acerquen a la investigación. Ahora bien, con el fin de comprender mejor estas dinámicas, se ha establecido como base conceptual, teórica y epistemológica la Teoría de los Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann, que como se propone en este escrito, ofrece una arquitectura que la configura como una herramienta ponente para la compresión de los procesos de interacción. Para el desarrollo de este escrito se aborda la lectura de algunos de los textos más representativos del autor, donde expone su teoría de forma directa a partir de un conjunto de fichas bibliográficas (matriz de análisis documental), las cuales permitieron desde la reflexión crítica la construcción de una secuencia gráfica en la cual se expone una interpretación aproximada a los sistemas de interacción, ajustándolos al campo educativo. La hipótesis que se plantea en el contexto del presente trabajo se refiere a la posibilidad de establecer una metodología, que partiendo de los planteamientos que hace Luhmann de los sistemas sociales, permita hacer evidentes y concretas la interacción docente – alumno, con miras a aterializar propuestas rigurosas de investigación, en el ámbito de la educación superior.
Perancangan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Menggunakan Metode Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) Dalam Seleksi Pengangkatan Karyawan Tetap pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Kota Sawahlunto
Authors: Putra Dede Wira Trise , Oktavia Intan Sri , Swara Ganda Yoga , Yulianti Eva 
Published: August 2022

Abstrak: Peningkatkan kinerja karyawan dilakukan dengan melakukan seleksi karyawan tetap dalam periode tertentu dan dilakukan secara internal. Permasalahan yang ditemukan dalam proses penilaian kinerja pegawai adalah pengangkatan karyawan harian menjadi karyawan tetap dengan prosedur penilaian langsung yang dilakukan oleh pimpinan. Salah satu masalah dengan metode yang digunakan adalah hasil penilaian beberapa karyawan yang tidak jauh berbeda dari beberapa kriteria penilaian. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan pengangkatan karyawan harian menjadi karyawan tetap merupakan suatu sistem yang mampu memberikan evaluasi kinerja pegawai yang akan dipromosikan. Proses pengambilan keputusan yang lebih cepat dalam sistem pendukung keputusan dapat digunakan untuk perencanaan terpadu untuk mengecilkan tingkat resiko kesalahan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Multi-Attribute Utility Theory yang memecah suatu masalah ke dalam beberapa sub sistem dengan kriteria acuan perhitungan adalah usia, lama bekerja, pendidikan, absensi, sertifikat pelatihan, pengetahuan pekerjaan, dan kerjasama. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan yang dirancang dapat digunakan sebagai rekomendasi bagi pengambil keputusan untuk menentukankaryawan harian yang layak diangkat menjadi karyawan tetap dengan hasil perhitungan menggunakan nilai tertinggi.Kata kunci: Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Multi-Attribute Utility Theory, KaryawanAbstract: Employee performance improvement is carried out by selecting permanent employees for a certain period and is carried out internally. The problem in the employee performance appraisal process is the appointment of daily employees to become permanent employees with a direct assessment procedure carried out by the leadership. One of the problems with the method used is that the assessment results of some employees are not much different from some of the assessment criteria. The Decision Support System for the appointment of daily employees to become permanent employees is a system that can provide an evaluation of the performance of employees who will be promoted. A faster decision-making process in a decision support system can be used for integrated planning to reduce the risk of errors in decision-making. The method used is the Multi-Attribute Utility Theory which breaks down a problem into several sub-systems the calculation reference criteria are age, length of work, education, attendance, training certificates, job knowledge, and cooperation. The designed Decision Support System can be used as a recommendation for decision makers to determine daily employees eligible to be appointed as permanent employees with the calculation results using the highest value.Keywords: Decision Support System, Multi-Attribute Utility Theory, Employees
THE HUMOR STORY IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Tang Syamsu , Asrifan Andi , Chen Yan , Haedar Haedar , Agussalim Mutmainnah 
Published: August 2022

The objective of the research were to find out whether or not the use of Humor Story can improve the students’ reading comprehension and Students interest at the Eighth of SMP Negeri 4 Pancarijang. This research employed a mixed method that applied monolingual class. The population of this research was the eighth grade students in academic year 2018-2019. There were 65 students spread in 3 classes ( VIII.1, VIII.2, and VIII.3) and each class consist appropriately 20-22 students. The researcher took simple random and chose VIII.2 as the representative and the number of total sample is 21 students. The data of the research were collected by using two kinds of instruments, namely reading comprehension test and questionnaire. Reading test was used to obtain data of the students’ reading comprehension ability and questionnaire was used to know the students interest in Reading Comprehension by using Humor Story. The result of data analysis showed that there was significant difference between the students’ score after they were taught by using Humor Story and before they were taught by Humor Story. It was proved by the mean score of the post-test which was higher than the mean score of pre-test (57.57>40.33). Furthermore, the result of the p-value (0.000) was lower than level of significant (α = 0.05); which means that H1 was accepted. Then, the analysis of interest by using Likert Scale indicated that teacing reading comprehension by using humor story, the students were interested. It was proved by 57% students who were strongly interested, 33% students who were interested and 10% students who were moderate. Based on data analysis, the research concluded that: (1) the use of Humor Story effective in improves students’ reading comprehension; (2) the use of Humor Story makes the students interested to learn reading comprehension
ENGAGEMENT SYSTEM IN SYLLABUS OF SAME-SEX MARRIAGE LEGAL DOCUMENT OF THE UNITED STATES: A SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTICS
Authors: Ulfah Ayu Pratiwi , Sujatna Eva Tuckyta Sari , Amalia Rosaria Mita 
Published: August 2022

Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the American Constitution guarantee the same-sex marriage in 2015. It is the syllabus of Same-Sex Marriage in the United States that become the object of the research. This research aims to identify the engagement devices and examines how engagement system in the syllabus of same-sex marriage legal document of the United States that indicates the meaning and relation with the readers. The theory proposed by Martin and White of engagement system (2005) based on appraisal system is used to support the analysis. From the analysis, the researcher found there are 116 heteroglossic and 37 monoglossic types from 153 clauses. The presence of heteroglossic as the most type indicates that the petitioners not only made themselves as references or data sources, but also they tried to add many references and other brackets as data and facts that strengthen their statements. In addition, the presence of 'pronounce' type as the most type in heteroglossic as contract shows that the petitioners made many straightforward and assertive statements. These statements are representative of the assured feeling of the petitioners after seeing the fact that the same-sex marriage was discriminated. The presence of 'entertain' type as the most type in heteroglossic as expand shows us that the petitioners support same-sex marriages so that their rights can be recognized in the United States. Petitioners attest the ideals life of same-sex marriages who will be peaceful and prosperous like the hetero-sex marriages. Because they believe that marriage is fundamental right for all citizen.
A Study on Students’ Adversity Quotient and Academic Performance in English Subject
Authors: Kuhon Fiola 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to observe students’ Adversity Quotient and their Academic Performance, in this case English subject. From many previous studies, there is a high indication that Adversity Quotient plays an important role in students’ academic performance. Therefore, this study was carried out to observe that hypothesis. Quantitative method was used wherefore the data was in form of numbers, namely from Adversity Quotient test and students’ final grade in English class. The findings showed that majority of the students who exceled in academic performance were the students whose test results showed that they were classified with high level of Adversity Quotient. Furthermore, as this study included 2 groups of students, the data depicted that the adult students performed a better result in AQ test than the fresh graduate students who were both in the same semester.
Keywords:
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to observe students’ Adversity Quotient and their Academic Performance, in this case English subject. From many previous studies, there is a high indication that Adversity Quotient plays an important role in students’ academic performance. Therefore, this study was carried out to observe that hypothesis. Quantitative method was used wherefore the data was in form of numbers, namely from Adversity Quotient test and students’ final grade in English class. The findings showed that majority of the students who exceled in academic performance were the students whose test results showed that they were classified with high level of Adversity Quotient. Furthermore, as this study included 2 groups of students, the data depicted that the adult students performed a better result in AQ test than the fresh graduate students who were both in the same semester.
Keywords: Adversity Quotient, Academic Performance, Students
The Effects of Malaysian Older People’s Participation and Engagement in the Local Labour Market
Authors: Ramely Aslinda , Ahmad Yarina , Mohamed Harith Nor Hafizah 
Published: August 2022

Given the increasing rise of the world's older population and the quick alteration of the socioeconomic landscape, many countries, Malaysia included, recognise the necessity to protect the economic security of the older people. This country's alarmingly ageing population will transform it into an aged nation by the year 2030. However, several issues and challenges experienced by them, such as the inadequacy of financial savings, living in poverty, and being censured by family issues, may prevent Malaysia from attaining its 2020 ambition of becoming a developed nation and aged friendly country. Thus, this study believed it was necessary to implement effective methods to tackle these issues and challenges along with maximising the health and wellness of the older population. One alternate approach proposed by this study is to increase the participation of healthy and capable older people in the labour force. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of labour force participation and engagement on older people, their family members, society, and the country in support of the alternate approach proposed. Following this aim, this study obtained the data from qualitative research for the doctoral degree of one of the authors. This study found that older people's employment favourably impacted themselves on (i) an individual level, (ii) their families and coworkers on an interpersonal level, and (iii) society on a societal level. This study also demonstrates that the employment of older people can positively impact the (iv) country. The majority of the positive impacts on older people's employment can contribute to their wellbeing, as outlined in the National Policy for Older Person (2011).
Hospital Information System for Decision Making: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mohamed Mussa Suliman 
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Background: Information technology applications play a major role in improving the services provided to patients in healthcare settings. Hospital Information System HIS is expected to facilitate information management and decision making, thus enhancing patient services. Purpose of this study is to explore the obstacles that healthcare practitioners in PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital faces during using HIS for decision making. Method: This research is a qualitative study. Depth-interviews were carried out with six respondents (Two Clinicians, Three Managers, and One Director), interviews were recorded and transcribed for analysis, a list of codes has produced representing themes identified in the textual data. Results: Data in the HIS were not optimal due to the insufficiency of the system in generating the necessary information for decision-making. Raw data, not real time data, unstable connection, and incomplete data between units were the most obstacles that decision makers faced. Conclusion: One of the crucial keys of a good performance of healthcare providers is hospital information system that ensures the production, analysis, and providing a reliable and timely information, making it easy for managers and doctors to make managerial and clinical decisions more effectively. Upgrading HIS to enable data analysis is suggested.

Keywords: Hospital Information System, Obstacles, Decision Making.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI TEKHNIK PEMBELAJARAN TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE PADA MATERI WRITING SKILL TEKS INTERAKSI INTERPERSONAL PADA SISWA KELAS VII-B MTSN 1 ACEH BARAT TAHUN AJARAN 2020-2021
Authors: Susanti Nova 
Published: August 2022

Salah satu tekhnik pembelajaran yang tepat dalam pembelajaran bahasa inggris adalah Tekhnik Pembelajaran Total Physical Response. TPR (Total Physical Response) merupakan suatu metode pembelajaran bahasa yang disusun pada koordinasi perintah (command), ucapan (speech) dan gerak (action); dan berusaha untuk mengajarkan bahasa melalui aktivitas fisik (motor). Oleh karena itu penelitian ini mengambil judul " Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Tekhnik Pembelajaran Total Physical Response pada Materi Writing Skill Teks Interaksi Interpersonal pada Siswa Kelas VII-B MTsN 1 Aceh Barat Tahun Ajaran 2020-2021". Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), Sedangkan intrument pengumpulan data meliputi Observasi dan Dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kelas VII-B Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Aceh Barat. Hasil observasi aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai 66,25%, mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 91,5%. Hasil observasi aktivitas guru pada siklus I mencapai 63,75%, mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 88,75%. Sejalan dengan aktivitas belajar siswa yang meningkat maka pembelajaran dengan penerapan Tekhnik Pembelajaran Total Physical Response juga meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII-B Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Aceh Barat pada siklus I diperoleh persentase rata-rata pada kategori sedang dengan persentase 75,66 %. Pada siklus II diperoleh hasil peningkatan hasil belajar siswa diperoleh rata-rata pada kategori tinggi yaitu persentase 90%.Sehingga penerapan Tekhnik Pembelajaran Total Physical Response dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII-B Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Aceh Barat Tahun Ajaran 2020-2021.