bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochronology and geochemistry of the Manxin ophiolitic mélange in the Changning‐Menglian Suture Zone, southwest China: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Proto‐Tethys Ocean
Authors: Yan Guochuan , Wang Baodi , Liu Han , Wu Zhe 
Published: December 2022

To date, the evolutionary history of the Proto‐Tethys Ocean that separated the Gondwana and Laurasia continents remains ambiguous. The Changning‐Menglian Suture Zone assumingly represents the Proto‐ and Palaeo‐Tethys suture in the Sanjiang area (the Yunnan Province, southwestern China). The Palaeozoic Proto‐Tethys Ocean in the Manxin area in the southmost Changning‐Menglian Suture Zone is widely recognized, but the timing and formation mechanism of the Manxin ophiolitic mélange are poorly understood. In this study, we present petrographical, geochronological and geochemical data of the Manxin ophiolitic mélange situated in the Changning‐Menglian Suture Zone. We found that this ophiolitic mélange is composed of pillow basalt, metamorphic gabbro, diabase dike, and altered peridotite. The mafic rocks could be divided into two groups based on geochemical characteristics: (1) Mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB) [formed at 446.0 ± 3.2 Ma and exhibiting depleted light rare earth element (LREE) patterns and high ƐNd(t) (+5.7 to +8.4)] Trace element and isotope analyses indicated that the MORB was derived from a spinel‐facies depleted mantle. (2) Ocean island basalt (OIB) [crystallized at 460.2 ± 6.0 Ma]. ƐNd(t) (+5.7) and significant enrichments in large‐ion lithophile element (LILE) and light rare earth element (LREE) were identified, while the trace element and isotope systematics suggested that the OIB rocks originated from partial melting of the garnet‐spinel lherzolite mantle. Overall, we clearly constrained the timing and nature of the Manxin ophiolitic mélange using the proposed data, thus further supporting the notion that the Manxin ophiolites represent remnants of the Proto‐Tethys Ocean.
Respiratory support of adults in the emergency department: A protocol for a prospective, observational, multicenter point prevalence study
Authors: O'Donnell Jane , Pirret Alison , Hoare Karen , McDonald Elissa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsProviding respiratory support (RS) to patients may improve their oxygenation and ventilation, reducing the work of breathing. Emergency department (ED) patients often need RS; COVID‐19 has heightened this need. Patients receiving RS may need escalation of their treatment; hence, studies considering the prevalence of escalation are warranted.MethodThis is a protocol for a prospective, observational, multicenter point prevalence study (PPS). Researchers will collect data over 2 days. All participants are adult ED patients needing RS. The setting is four EDs in New Zealand. The primary research question asks, “Which patients receiving RS require escalation of therapy in the ED?” For example, transitioning from conventional oxygen therapy (COT) to intubation is deemed an escalation of therapy. A sample size of 80 participants is required to resolve the primary research question. Secondary research questions: (1) Which patients receive nasal high flow (NHF) in the ED? (2) How is NHF therapy delivered in the ED? (3) What are the effects of NHF therapy on physiological and patient‐centered outcomes? Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) will be used for data organization. Data will be imported for analysis from REDCap to IBM SPSS software (Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0). Data reporting on the primary outcome shall be considered by analysis of variance, regression modeling, and determination of two treatment effects: Odds Ratio and Number Needed to Treat. Statistical significance for inferential statistics shall use a two‐sided α with p‐values fixed at ≤0.05 level of significance and 95% confidence intervals. This protocol has ethical approval from Massey University, New Zealand.ConclusionThis novel PPS may reduce the evidence and clinical practice gap on RS delivery and ED patient outcomes, as evidenced by the emergence of COVID‐19.
Small‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the vagina: A case report
Authors: Kalampokas Emmanouil , Giannis Georgios , Alexandrou Paraskevi , Kritikos Evangelos , Triantafyllidou Olga , Kalampokas Theodoros , Vlahos Nikolaos , Marinis Spyridon 
Published: December 2022

SynopsisManagement of a small‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the vagina presented in a woman on a distant Greek island.
Risk preferences and management strategies of farmers in Ghana: Does the type of crop grown matter?
Authors: Asravor Richard Kofi , Sarpong Daniel Bruce 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper examined the risk preferences and management strategies of cereal and legume farmers of Ghana's savannah zones using both the exploratory factor analysis and the linear regression model. Using primary cross‐sectional data and employing the multistage sampling technique made up of purposive, cluster and random sampling techniques, the paper found that cereal farmers are more risk averse than legume farmers. Rainfall variability was ranked topmost by cereals and legumes farmers. Both cereal and legume farmers employ multiple but dissimilar risk management strategies to manage these sources of risk. The commonest sources of risk to cereal and legume farmers were climate and market risk, while off‐farm activities are the commonest management strategy. Production risk faced by cereal farmers was managed by both off‐farm and farm production strategies whereas human risk faced by legumes farmers was managed by both off‐farm and financial management strategies. The importance of market risk implies that policy initiatives should aim at reducing market‐related risks by focusing on increasing off‐farm opportunities for rural households.
中心静脈カテーテルによる鎖骨下動脈損傷に対する血管内治療手技を活用した2治療例(Central venous catheter–induced subclavian artery injury treatment with endovascular techniques: case report)
Authors: 裕樹 松永 , 正道 高橋 , 祐介 志水 , 潤 山川 , 淑寛 大倉 , 学 三上 , 祐一 濱邊 
Published: December 2022

要旨医原性鎖骨下動脈損傷は比較的稀である。外科的修復は，時に胸骨正中切開や鎖骨離断が必要で，大きな侵襲となりえる。中心静脈カテーテル（central venous catheter: CVC）による医原性鎖骨下動脈損傷に対して，血管内治療手技を用いて治療した2例を経験したので報告する。症例1：20歳代の男性。右内頸静脈へのCVC留置時に生じた右鎖骨下動脈と右内胸動脈損傷に対し血管内治療を実施した。右鎖骨下動脈にVIABAHN®を留置し，右内胸動脈を側副路から塞栓した。症例2：70歳代の男性。右内頸静脈へのCVC留置時に右鎖骨下動脈に迷入したカテーテルを抜去する方針とした。血管造影で両側椎骨動脈間の吻合がなく，右椎骨動脈を閉鎖するVIABAHN®留置は，脳幹梗塞のリスクから不適と判断した。血管閉塞バルーンでの右鎖骨下動脈の血流制御を併用し，外科的にCVCを抜去した。VIABAHN®を利用することにより，医原性鎖骨下動脈損傷の低侵襲治療が可能となった。しかしながら，損傷部と椎骨動脈との距離が短く，閉塞せざるをえない場合，椎骨動脈の左右交通が乏しい例は不適なことがあり注意を要する。外科治療の際も，血管内治療手技を併用することで，安全で低侵襲な治療が可能である。
A common mechanism links Epstein‐Barr virus infections and autoimmune diseases
Authors: Zhang Luwen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with a variety of the autoimmune diseases. There is apparently no unified model for the role of EBV in autoimmune diseases. In this article, the development of autoimmune diseases is proposed as a simple two‐step process: specific autoimmune initiators may cause irreversible changes to genetic materials that increase autoimmune risks, and autoimmune promoters promote autoimmune disease formation once cells are susceptible to autoimmunity. EBV has several types of latencies including type III latency with higher proliferation potential. EBV could serve as autoimmune initiators for some autoimmune diseases. At the same time, EBV may play a promotional role in majority of the autoimmune diseases by repeated replenishment of EBV type III latency cells and inflammatory cytokine productions in persistent stage. The type III latency cells have enhanced capacity as antigen‐presenting cells that would facilitate the development of both B and T cell‐mediated autoimmunity. The repeated cytokine productions are achieved by the repeated infection of naive B‐lymphocytes and proliferation of type III latency cells that produce inflammatory cytokines. Presentation of viral or self‐antigens by EBV type III latency B lymphocytes may promote autoreactive B cell and T cell proliferation, which can be amplified by type III latency cells‐mediated cytokines productions. Different autoimmune diseases may require different kinds of pathogenic immune cells and/or specific cytokines. Frequency of the replenishment of EBV type III latency cells may determine the specific effect of the promoter functions. A specific initiator plus EBV‐mediated common promoter function may lead to development of a specific autoimmune disease and link EBV‐infection to a variety of autoimmunity.
Phylogenomic analysis of Citrobacter sp. strain AAK_AS5 and its metabolic capabilities to support nitrogen removal behavior
Authors: Gupta Rakesh K. , Singh Ashish K. , Bajaj Abhay , Khardenavis Anshuman A. , Purohit Hemant J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite the ubiquity of the genus Citrobacter in clinical, industrial, and environmental scenarios, a large number of Citrobacter strains have not been explored at the genome‐scale level. In this study, accurate taxonomic assignment of strain AAK_AS5 isolated from activated sludge was achieved by in‐silico genomic comparison using Overall Genome‐based Relatedness Indices (ANI(OAT): 97.55%, ANIb:97.28%, and ANIm: 97.83%) that indicated its closest identity to the related strain Citrobacter portucalensis A60T. Results were consistent with a digital DNA–DNA hybridization value of 80% with C. portucalensis A60T which was greater than the species boundary value >70% for delineating closely related bacterial species. Gene mining through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and annotation using rapid annotation subsystem technology (RAST) revealed the notable gene contents for nitrogen metabolism and other pathways associated with nitrate/nitrite ammonification (28 genes), ammonia assimilation (22 genes), and denitrification pathways (14 genes). Furthermore, the strain AAK_AS5 also exhibited a high soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), NH4+‐N, and NO3‐‐N removal efficiency of 91.4%, 90%, and 93.6%, respectively thus validating its genetic capability for utilizing both (NH4)2SO4 and KNO3 as the nitrogen source. The study provided deeper insights into the phylogenomics and the genetic potential of Citrobacter, sp. strain AAK AS5 associated with nitrogen metabolism thus signifying the potential application of the isolate for treating nitrogen‐rich wastewaters.
An alternative σ factor σLsl regulates lincomycin production in Streptomyces lincolnensis
Authors: Tu Bingbing , Mao Yue , Wang Ruida , Kang Yajing , Ye Jiang , Zhang Huizhan , Wu Haizhen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLincomycin produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis is a critical antibacterial antibiotic in the clinical. To further understand the regulatory mechanism of lincomycin biosynthesis, we identified an alternative σ factor, σLsl, in Streptomyces lincolnensis NRRL 2936. Deletion of sigLsl resulted in an increase in cell growth but a decrease in lincomycin production. σLsl boosted lincomycin biosynthesis by directly stimulating the transcription of four genes (lmbD, lmbV, lmrC, and lmbU) within the lincomycin biosynthetic lmb gene cluster. Besides, σLsl participated in lincomycin biosynthesis by directly stimulating the transcription of mshC, a gene responsible for MSH synthesis. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that σLsl plays a direct regulatory role in lincomycin biosynthesis. This study extends the understanding of molecular mechanisms of lincomycin biosynthetic regulation.
Unmeasured factors are associated with the use of completion lymph node dissection (CLND) in melanoma
Authors: Leonard Laura D. , Beaty Laurel , Thomas Madeline , Quinn Christopher , Colborn Kathryn L. , de Araujo Thiago B. , Torphy Robert J. , Assumpção Lia R. , Olino Kelly , Studts Christina R. , Rodriguez Franco Salvador , McCarter Martin , Stewart Camille , Gleisner Ana L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCompletion lymph node dissection (CLND) was the standard treatment for patients with melanoma with positive sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) until 2017 when data from the DeCOG‐SLT and MLST‐2 randomized trials challenged the survival benefit of this procedure. We assessed the contribution of patient, tumor and facility factors on the use of CLND in patients with surgically resected Stage III melanoma.MethodsUsing the National Cancer Database, patients who underwent surgical excision and were found to have a positive SLN from 2012 to 2017 were included. A multivariable mixed‐effects logistic regression model with a random intercept for the facility was used to determine the effect of patient, tumor, and facility variables on the risk of CLND. Reference effect measures (REMs) were used to compare the contribution of contextual effects (unknown facility variables) versus measured variables on the variation in CLND use.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2017, the overall use of CLND decreased from 59.9% to 26.5% (p < 0.0001). Overall, older patients and patients with government‐based insurance were less likely to undergo CLND. Tumor factors associated with a decreased rate of CLND included primary tumor location on the lower limb, decreasing depth, and mitotic rate <1. However, the contribution of contextual effects to the variation in CLND use exceeded that of the measured facility, tumor, time, and patient variables.ConclusionsThere was a decrease in CLND use during the study period. However, there is still high variability in CLND use, mainly driven by unmeasured contextual effects.
Killian Jamieson Diverticulum, the Great Mimicker: A Case Series and Contemporary Review
Authors: Howell Rebecca , Tang Alice , Allen Jacqui , Altaye Mekibib , Amin Milan , Bayan Semirra , Belafsky Peter , Cervenka Brian , deSilva Brad , Dion Greg , Ekbom Dale , Friedman Aaron , Fritz Mark , Giliberto John Paul , Guardiani Elizabeth , Harmon Jeffrey , Kasperbauer Jan L. , Khosla Sid , Kim Brandon , Kuhn Maggie , Kwak Paul , Ma Yue , Madden Lyndsay , Matrka Laura , Mayerhoff Ross , Piraka Cyrus , Rosen Clark , Tabangin Meredith E. , Wahab Shaun A. , Wilson Keith , Wright S. Carter , Young Vyvy , Yuen Sonia , Postma Gregory N. 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo assess barium esophagram (BAS) as a diagnostic marker for patients with Killian Jamieson diverticula (KJD).MethodsProspective, multicenter cohort study of individuals enrolled in the Prospective OUtcomes of Cricopharyngeus Hypertonicity (POUCH) Collaborative. Patient demographics, comorbidities, radiographic imaging reports, laryngoscopy findings, patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM), and operative reporting were abstracted from a REDCap database and summarized using means, medians, percentages, frequencies. Paired t‐tests and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used to test pre‐ to post‐operative differences in RSI, EAT‐10, and VHI‐10 scores. Diagnostic test evaluation including sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value with 95% confidence intervals were calculated comparing BAS findings to operative report.ResultsA total of 287 persons were enrolled; 13 (4%) patients were identified with confirmed KJD on operative reports. 100% underwent open transcervical excision. BAS has a 46.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.2, 70.9) sensitivity and 97.8% (95% CI: 95.3, 99.0) specificity in detecting a KJD and 50% (95% CI: 25.4, 74.6) positive predictive value but 97.4% (95%CI: 94.8, 98.7) negative predictive value. Preoperatively, patients reported mean (SD) RSI and EAT‐10 of 19.4 (9) and 8.3 (7.5) accordingly. Postoperatively, patients reported mean (SD) RSI and EAT‐10 as 5.4 (6.2) and 2.3 (3.3). Both changes in RSI and EAT‐10 were statistically significant (p = 0.008, p = 0.03).ConclusionKJD are rare and represent <5% of hypopharyngeal diverticula undergoing surgical intervention. Open transcervical surgery significantly improves symptoms of dysphagia. BAS has high specificity but low sensitivity in detecting KJD.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 133:2110–2115, 2023
Is land degradation worsening in Northern China? Quantitative evidence and enlightenment from satellites
Authors: Guo Zecheng , Xie Yaowen , Guo Hui , Zhang Xueyuan , Zhang Xihuang , Xi Guilin , Ma Changhui , Duan Hanming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLand degradation has become an urgent environmental issue globally. The complexity of land degradation hinders its quantification and monitoring, which is needed to realize the sustainable development of land resources. This study constructed a comprehensive index—land degradation status index (LDSI), which integrates in fractional vegetation cover (FVC), net primary productivity (NPP), albedo, and modified temperature vegetation drought index (MTVDI) based on spatial principal component analysis (SPCA). Land degradation was then identified by the dynamics of land degradation status during 2001–2018. This study investigated the spatio‐temporal process and driving mechanism of land degradation in Northern China. The result indicates that: (1) LDSI had a better monitoring performance compared with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), (2) although some degraded land had been effectively rehabilitated (17.11%), a highly clustered spatial distribution of land degradation status remained, challenging to break, (3) localized land degradation had expanded (1.063%), mainly in semiarid (0.481%), dry sub‐humid (0.289%), and humid (0.187%) regions, and (4) differences in climate, environmental backgrounds, and human activities were driven land degradation status and process. This study also assessed the effectiveness of ecological projects implemented by the Chinese government. The in‐depth understanding of the change regularity and influencing mechanism in land degradation status and process can provide a scientific basis for formulating ecological policies based on local conditions.
Transoral thyroidectomy implemented by a novice surgeon: Efforts for safe implementation
Authors: Lee Dong Won , Kim Jeong Kyu , Shin Seung Heon , Tae Kyung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and early surgical outcomes of transoral robotic and endoscopic thyroidectomy conducted by a novice surgeon.MethodsWe analyzed 27 patients who underwent transoral thyroidectomy between December 2018 and November 2021. All the surgeries were performed by a novice surgeon without prior endoscopic or robotic surgery experience; the surgeon had experienced 12 cases of transcervical thyroidectomy before adopting transoral thyroidectomy.ResultsOf the 27 cases, 1 was converted to the transcervical approach due to poor bleeding control. Four cases had transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, and three had transient hypoparathyroidism. Most of the patients were very satisfied with the postoperative cosmetic outcome.ConclusionsTransoral robotic and endoscopic thyroidectomies are feasible for the novice surgeon, with reasonable results in the early adoption stage if preparations are according to the suggested framework.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.
Metabolic profiling of colorectal cancer organoids: A comparison between high‐resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy and solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of polar extracts
Authors: van der Kemp Wybe J. M. , Grinde Maria T. , Malvik Jon O. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Prompers Jeanine J. , Klomp Dennis W. J. , Burgering Boudewijn , Bathen Tone Frost , Moestue Siver Andreas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPatient‐derived cancer cells cultured in vitro are a cornerstone of cancer metabolism research. More recently, the introduction of organoids has provided the research community with a more versatile model system. Physiological structure and organization of the cell source tissue are maintained in organoids, representing a closer link to in vivo tumor models. High‐resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR MAS MRS) is a commonly applied analytical approach for metabolic profiling of intact tissue, but its use has not been reported for organoids. The aim of the current work was to compare the performance of HR MAS MRS and extraction‐based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in metabolic profiling of wild‐type and tumor progression organoids (TPOs) from human colon cancer, and further to investigate how the sequentially increased genetic alterations of the TPOs affect the metabolic profile. Sixteen metabolites were reliably identified and quantified both in spectra based on NMR of extracts and HR MAS MRS of intact organoids. The metabolite concentrations from the two approaches were highly correlated (r = 0.94), and both approaches were able to capture the systematic changes in metabolic features introduced by the genetic alterations characteristic of colorectal cancer progression (e.g., increased levels of lactate and decreased levels of myo‐inositol and phosphocholine with an increasing number of mutations). The current work highlights that HR MAS MRS is a well‐suited method for metabolic profiling of intact organoids, with the additional benefit that the nondestructive nature of HR MAS enables subsequent recovery of the organoids for further analyses based on nucleic acids or proteins.
Prevalence of alcohol consumption among high school students: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Šarić Posavec Jelena , Rotar Pavlič Danica , Kralik Kristina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThis study addresses the risk and protective factors for alcohol consumption among medical‐technology high school students. The specific objectives of the study were to analyse standard influences on excessive alcohol consumption (influence of parents and upbringing) and possible modern influences, represented by social networks and internet use.DesignA cross‐sectional analysis.MethodsThe sample included the entire cohort of third‐year students attending high school in Varaždin (n = 1,352). Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire. The bivariate analysis used an independent t test and a Chi‐squared test. The multivariate analysis used logistic regression. The study was conducted from September 2018 to February 2019.ResultsAlcohol consumption was most prevalent among vocational students, followed by college‐preparatory students and medical‐technology students. Style of parenting and maternal authority have a positive influence on less alcohol use among students. The results showed that smartphone ownership and internet use do not correlate with alcohol use among high school students.
A critical review: Effects of exercise and psychosocial interventions on the body image of breast cancer survivors
Authors: Chan Nga Ching , Chow Ka Ming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to identify, summarize and critically appraise studies that have investigated the effects of exercise and psychosocial interventions on body image of breast cancer survivors.DesignA critical review.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted to identify relevant articles published in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and British Nursing Index between 2011 and 2021. Included studies' methodological quality was assessed using the critical appraisal checklists of the Center for Evidence‐Based Management.ResultsA total of eight studies were included. Breast cancer survivors who received exercise or psychosocial interventions had an improved body image compared with baseline, which enhanced their quality of life. Compared with psychosocial interventions, exercise demonstrated more positive effects as they enhanced both mental and physical well‐being. Breast cancer survivors expressed that they preferred to have a knowledgeable mentor to guide and empower them throughout the exercise intervention. Psychosocial interventions showed varying effectiveness, with self‐compassion‐focused writing activity being most effective.