bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthy and Sustainable Food Shopping: A Survey of Intentions and Motivations
Authors: Blanke Julia , Billieux Joël , Vögele Claus 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the relationship between sustainable and healthy food shopping behavior comparing general motivation with the immediate intention to act.MethodWe conducted an online survey of 144 staff at the Cork Institute of Technology, Ireland, using a questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Self-Determination Theory to compute the Behavioral Intention score and the Relative Autonomy Index in relation to healthy and sustainable grocery shopping.ResultsThe intention to shop healthy food was higher (p &lt; 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.56) than the intention to shop in a sustainable way. A significant intention-action gap was observed for both healthy (p &lt; 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.97) and sustainable grocery shopping (p &lt; 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.78). While there was a significant correlation (p &lt; 0.001) between the longer-term motivations to act in a healthy and sustainable way, this association was not significant (p = 0.16) for the more short-term Behavioral Intention scores.Conclusion and ImplicationsHealth was identified as a more important driver for dietary behavior compared to sustainability. While longer-term motivation shows a stronger correlation between healthy and sustainable grocery shopping, short-term intentions do not follow this pattern as strongly. A significant intention-action gap exists for both, which is stronger for sustainability than for health.
Determinants of Non-Participation in Population-Based Breast Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ding Lilu , Wang J. , Greuter M. J. W. , Goossens M. , Van Hal Guido , de Bock Geertruida H. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) screening can be performed in a screening program (BCSP) or in opportunistic screening. The existing reviews on the determinants of non-participation depend on self-reported data which may be biased. Furthermore, no distinction was made between the probably different determinants of both screening strategies.ObjectiveTo find the determinants of non-participation in BCSP by means of a meta-analysis.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for observational studies which quantified factors associated with non-participation in BCSP in a general population. Studies on opportunistic screening and studies using self-reported data were excluded. A random-effect model was used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored by stratification of the results.ResultsTwenty-nine studies with in a total of 20,361,756 women were included. Low income (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10–1.30), low education (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05–1.32), living far from an assigned screening unit (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.07–1.24), being immigrant (OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 2.48–2.82), and having a male family doctor (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.20–1.61) was associated with higher non-participation in screening. Reminders sent to non-attenders and estimations of ORs (adjusted or not) partly explained substantial heterogeneity.ConclusionIn this meta-analysis excluding studies on the non-participation in opportunistic screening, or with self-reported data on non-participation, the well-known determinants for non-participation are still significant, but less strong. This analysis only supports the relevance of meta-analysis of studies with registered non-participation in a BCSP.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, CRD42020154016.
Comprehensive Atlas of Circulating Rare Cells Detected by SE-iFISH and Image Scanning Platform in Patients With Various Diseases
Authors: Hu Binjie , Gong Yanping , Wang Yulan , Xie Jianzhu , Cheng Jin , Huang Qian 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveCirculating rare cells (CRCs) are known as a crucial nucleated cellular response to pathological conditions, yet the landscape of cell types across a wide variety of diseases lacks comprehensive understanding. This study aimed at detecting and presenting a full spectrum of highly heterogeneous CRCs in clinical practice and further explored the characterization of CRC subtypes in distinct biomarker combinations and aneuploid chromosomes among various disease groups.MethodsPeripheral blood was obtained from 2,360 patients with different cancers and non-neoplastic diseases. CRC capture and identification were accomplished using a novel platform integrating subtraction enrichment and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) strategy with a high-throughput automated image scanning system, on which hemocyte, tumor, epithelial, endothelial, mesenchymal, and stemness biomarkers were immunostained and displayed simultaneously. Double chromosome enumeration probe (CEP8 and CEP12) co-detection was performed on isolated CRCs from an extended trial for two chromosome ploidy patterns.ResultsA comprehensive atlas categorizing the diverse CRCs into 71 subtypes outlining was mapped out. The presence of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) or endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), the cells with progenitor property, hematologic CRCs expressing multiple biomarkers, CRCs at “naked nuclei” status, and the rarely reported aneuploid mesenchymal epithelial–endothelial fusion cluster were described. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were detected in 2,157 (91.4%) patients; the total numbers of CTCs and circulating tumor-derived endothelial cells (CTECs) were relatively higher in several digestive system cancer types and non-neoplastic infectious diseases (p &lt; 0.05). Co-detection combining CEP8 and CEP12 showed a higher diagnostic specificity on account of 57.27% false negativity of CRC detection through a single probe of CEP8.ConclusionsThe alternative biomarkers and chromosomes to be targeted by SE-iFISH and the image scanning platform, along with the comprehensive atlas, offer insight into the heterogeneity of CRCs and reveal potential contributions to specific disease diagnosis and therapeutic target cell discovery.
Lymphocytes Infiltration and Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Colorectal Cancer Between HIV-Infected and Non-HIV-Infected Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Cao Ye , Wu Qian , Lian Shixian , Deng Li 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) are crucial for antitumor immunity. However, the status remains undetermined in HIV-infected colorectal cancer (CRC), limiting the use of immunotherapy in HIV-infected CRC patients.MethodsWe examined 27 HIV-infected patients and 120 non-HIV-infected patients with CRC from 2015-2020 at Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. After matching the propensity score, 13 paired patients in the two groups were also compared. The expression of PD-1/PD-L1 as well as tumor-infiltrating CD4, CD8, and CD56 immune cells was examined using multiplex immunofluorescent analysis. The cell density for positive staining was calculated (cells/mm2) and compared between HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected groups. In addition, the co-expression of PD-1 on immune cells and PD-L1 on tumor cells was compared in these two groups.ResultsThe mean densities of tumor-infiltrating CD4, CD8, CD56 immune cells were 620.2, 261.2, and 0.2 cells/mm2, respectively, in HIV-infected colorectal tumors compared with 698.6, 243, and 14 cells/mm2 in non-HIV-infected tumors. PD-1 expression was 227 cells/mm2 in HIV-infected tumors and 365.2 cells/mm2 in non-HIV-infected tumors. Besides, PD-L1 expression was 108.5 cells/mm2 in HIV-infected tumors and 126.8 cells/mm2 in non-HIV-infected tumors, and no significant difference was found between the two groups. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the expression of PD-1 on TILs and PD-L1 on tumor cells.ConclusionHIV-infected CRC patients had similar tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8 T cells) compared to non-HIV-infected controls and substantially similar PD-1 expression on TILs and PD-L1 expression on tumors. These results support the inclusion of HIV-infected CRC patients in future immunotherapy trials.
Downregulation of miR-211-5p Promotes Carboplatin Resistance in Human Retinoblastoma Y79 Cells by Affecting the GDNF–LIF Interaction
Authors: Ke Ning , Chen Lin , Liu Qing , Xiong Haibo , Chen Xinke , Zhou Xiyuan 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo investigate the role of the miR-211-5p-GDNF signaling pathway in carboplatin resistance of retinoblastoma Y79 cells and what factors it may be affected by.MethodsA carboplatin-resistant retinoblastoma cell line (Y79R) was established in vitro. RNA-seq and microRNA-seq were constructed between Y79 and Y79R cells. RNA interference, RT-PCR, Western blot (WB), and flow cytometry were used to verify the expression of genes and proteins between the two cell lines. The TargetScan database was used to predict the microRNAs that regulate the target genes. STING sites and Co-Immunoprecipitation (COIP) were used to study protein–protein interactions.ResultsGDNF was speculated to be the top changed gene in the drug resistance in Y79R cell lines. Moreover, the speculation was verified by subsequent RT-PCR and WB results. When the expression of GDNF was knocked down, the IC50 of the Y79R cell line significantly reduced. GDNF was found to be the target gene of miR-211-5p. Downregulation of miR-211-5p promotes carboplatin resistance in human retinoblastoma Y79 cells. MiR-211-5p can regulate the expression of GDNF. Our further research also found that GDNF can bind to LIF which is also a secreted protein.ConclusionOur results suggest that downregulation of miR-211-5p promotes carboplatin resistance in human retinoblastoma Y79 cells, and this process can be affected by GDNF–LIF interaction. These results can provide evidence for the reversal of drug resistance of RB.
A Comparative Study of Systems Pharmacology and Gene Chip Technology for Predicting Targets of a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula in Primary Liver Cancer Treatment
Authors: Li Songzhe , Sun Yang , Sun Yue 
Published: March 2022

Background: The systems pharmacology approach is a target prediction model for traditional Chinese medicine and has been used increasingly in recent years. However, the accuracy of this model to other prediction models is yet to be established.Objective: To compare the systems pharmacology modelwithexperimental gene chip technology by using these models to predict targets of a traditional Chinese medicine formulain the treatment of primary liver cancer.Methods: Systems pharmacology and gene chip target predictions were performed for the traditional Chinese medicine formula ZhenzhuXiaojiTang (ZZXJT). A third square alignment was performed with molecular docking.Results: Identification of systems pharmacology accounted for 17% of targets, whilegene chip-predicted outcomes accounted for 19%.Molecular docking showed that the top ten targets (excludingcommon targets) of the system pharmacology model had better binding free energies than the gene chip model using twocommon targets as a benchmark. For both models, the core drugs predictions were more consistent than the core small molecules predictions.Conclusion:In this study, the identified targets of systems pharmacology weredissimilar to those identified by gene chip technology; whereas the core drug and small molecule predictions were similar.
Neoplasm Risk in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated With Fostamatinib: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yuehong , Liu Huan , Tian Yunru , Luo Zhongling , Yin Geng , Xie Qibing 
Published: March 2022

Objective: This study aimed to assess neoplasm risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with fostamatinib.Methods: Studies were collected from electronic databases of OVID Medline, OVID EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science. We included studies that reported neoplasms in patients with RA treated with fostamatinib. Study selection was repeated by two reviewers based on the study selection criteria. Data were collected and methodological quality assessment was performed. Data were pooled using the Peto odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses of the fostamatinib dose, trial duration, neoplasm nature, and neoplasm-originating systems were conducted. A funnel plot was used to estimate publication bias, and sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the results.Results: Seven trials involving 4,971 participants showing low to moderate risk of bias were included. Compared with the placebo, fostamatinib use was not associated with the risks of overall neoplasms (Peto OR = 2.62, 95%CI 0.97–7.10), malignant neoplasms (Peto OR = 3.08, 95%CI 0.96–9.91), or benign neoplasms (Peto OR = 1.71, 95%CI 0.26–11.36). Nevertheless, compared with the placebo, a longer duration of fostamatinib use had a higher risk of malignant neoplasms (Peto OR = 4.49, 95%CI 1.03–19.60) at 52 weeks. As for malignant neoplasms in the digestive system, lower doses of fostamatinib reduced the neoplasm risk (100 mg bid vs 150 mg qd: Peto OR = 0.06, 95%CI 0.01–0.59). Sensitivity analysis showed no significant differences in the effective trends, and no publication bias was found.Conclusion: Fostamatinib is not associated with the risks of overall neoplasms as compared to placebo. Nevertheless, a longer duration of fostamatinib use may be associated with a risk of malignant neoplasms and higher doses of fostamatinib may increase malignant neoplasms in the digestive system. Further well-planned cohort studies with a larger study population are needed to elucidate these outcomes.Systematic ReviewRegistration: PROSPERO (CRD42020202121).
Long-Term Biocompatibility of a Highly Viscously Thiol-Modified Cross-Linked Hyaluronate as a Novel Vitreous Body Substitute
Authors: Hurst Jose , Rickmann Annekatrin , Heider Nele , Hohenadl Christine , Reither Charlotte , Schatz Andreas , Schnichels Sven , Januschowski Kai , Spitzer Martin S. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: In surgical ophthalmology, the treatment of complicated retinal and vitreous diseases is one of the central challenges. For this purpose, the vitreous body is removed as part of the standard therapy and replaced by a temporary tamponade to stabilize the position of the retina. Since the tamponading properties of previous materials such as silicone oils, gases, or semi-fluorinated alkanes are a combination of their surface tension and their buoyancy vector, they cannot completely fill the vitreous cavity. The aim of this work was to test in vivo a novel vitreous body substitute (ViBos strong) based on cross-linked hyaluronic acid for its compatibility.Methods: A pars plana vitrectomy with posterior vitreous detachment was performed in the right eye of 18 pigmented rabbits, with subsequent injection of ViBos strong. Follow-up examination included slit-lamp examination, funduscopy, intraocular pressure measurements (IOP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and electroretinogram (ERG) measurements. The rabbits were sacrificed at three different time points (1, 3, and 6 months; each 6 animals) and examined macroscopically and prepared for histological examination (HE staining) and immunohistochemistry (Brn3a and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)).Results: ViBos strong demonstrated good intraoperative handling and remained stable for at least 1 month and degraded slowly over 6 months. IOP was within clinical acceptable values at all follow-up examinations. Retinal function was well preserved after instillation of the hydrogel and comparable to the untreated eye after 6 months in OCT, ERG, and histological examinations. An increase in the GFAP expression was found in the surgery eyes, with a peak in the 3-month group. The Brn3a expression was not significantly affected by vitrectomy with ViBos strong.Conclusion: Highly viscously thiol-modified cross-linked hyaluronate showed a good biocompatibility in rabbit eyes over 6 months after vitrectomy, making it a promising potential as a vitreous substitute.
Design Concept for a Future Super Proton-Proton Collider
Authors: Tang Jingyu 
Published: March 2022

Following the discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC in 2012, new large colliders are being considered and studied by the international high-energy community to explore the Higgs boson in details and to probe new physics beyond the Standard Model. In China, a two-stage circular collider project, CEPC-SPPC was proposed and is under study. The first stage, CEPC (Circular Electron Positron Collier, a so-called Higgs factory) is focused on the Higgs physics, and the second stage, SPPC (Super Proton-Proton Collider) will be an energy frontier collider and a discovery machine beyond the LHC. The two colliders will share a same tunnel of 100 km in circumference, with a goal of 250 GeV in center-of-mass for CEPC and 75 TeV for SPPC Phase-I and 125–150 TeV for the SPPC ultimate goal. This article presents the design concept of the SPPC and some study results about the key accelerator physics problems and technical issues, which include luminosity optimization, beam collimation, beam-beam effects, longitudinal beam dynamics, high-field magnets and beam screen.
Estimation of Cerebral Hemodynamics and Oxygenation During Various Intensities of Rowing Exercise: An NIRS Study
Authors: Hiura Mikio , Shirai Yusuke , Shibutani Hirohide , Funaki Akio , Takahashi Katsumi , Katayama Yoichi 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate changes in cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation at moderate, heavy, maximal and supramaximal intensities of rowing exercise. It also examined whether these changes reflect alterations in sensation of effort and mood. We also aimed to examine the effects of peak pulmonary oxygen consumption (V.O2peak) on cerebral oxygenation.MethodsEleven rowers, consisting out of six athletes and five recreational rowers [two female; age, 27 ± 9 years; height, 171 ± 7 cm, body mass, 67 ± 9 kg;V.O2peak, 53.5 ± 6.5 mL min–1kg–1] rowed a 13-min session separated by 10 and 3 min, at 70 (Ex70%) and 80% ofV.O2peak(Ex80%), respectively, on a rowing ergometer, followed by three sessions of 1-min supramaximal exercise (ExSp). After a warm-up at 60% ofV.O2peak(ExM), seven male rowers performed a 2,000 m all-out test (Ex2000). Cardiovascular and respiratory variables were measured. Cerebral oxygenation was investigated by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS) to measure cerebral hemoglobin oxygen saturation (ScO2) and total hemoglobin concentration ([HbT]) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) quantitatively. We estimated the relative changes from rest in cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (rCMRO2) using TRS at all intensities. During Ex70%and Ex80%, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored, and alteration of the subject’s mood was evaluated using a questionnaire of Positive-and-Negative-Affect-Schedule after Ex70%and Ex80%.ResultsWhen exercise intensity changed from Ex70%to Ex80%, the sense of effort increased while ScO2decreased. [HbT] remained unchanged. After Ex70%and Ex80%, a negative mood state was less prominent compared to rest and was accompanied by increases in both ScO2and [HbT]. At termination of Ex2000, ScO2decreased by 23% compared to rest. Changes in ScO2correlated withV.O2peakonly during Ex2000(r= −0.86;p= 0.01). rCMRO2did not decrease at any intensities.ConclusionOur results suggest that alterations in the sense of effort are associated with oxygenation in the PFC, while positive changes in mood status are associated with cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism estimated by TRS. At exhaustion, the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen is maintained despite a decrease in ScO2.
Sex Differences in Metabolic and Behavioral Responses to Exercise but Not Exogenous Osteocalcin Treatment in Mice Fed a High Fat Diet
Authors: Winberg Jordan , Rentz Jesse , Sugamori Kim , Swardfager Walter , Mitchell Jane 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundExercise helps improve glucose handling in diabetes and has been shown to improve mood and cognition in other conditions. Osteocalcin, a protein produced by bone osteoblasts, was reported to have endocrine actions to improve both metabolism and also improve age-related cognitive deficits in mice.MethodsThis study was designed to compare the effects of daily treadmill running exercise with injection of osteocalcin in high fat diet (HFD) induced diabetes in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Following established glucose intolerance and treatment for 8 weeks, mice were assessed for anxiety on an elevated plus maze, motivation by tail suspension test and cognition and memory in a puzzle box. Endogenous osteocalcin was measured by ELISA.ResultsMice on HFD had high weight gain, glucose intolerance and increased white fat. Exercise increased circulating osteocalcin levels in female mice but decreased them in male mice. Exercise also decreased weight gain and improved glucose tolerance in female but not male mice; however, treatment with osteocalcin made no metabolic improvements in either males or females. HFD induced anxiety only in female mice and this was not improved by osteocalcin. Exercise induced anxiety only in male mice. HFD also increased depressive-like behavior in both sexes, and this was improved by either exercise or osteocalcin treatment. Cognitive deficits were seen in both male and female mice on HFD. Exercise improved cognitive performance in female but not male mice, while osteocalcin treatment improved cognitive performance in both sexes.ConclusionThere were sex differences in the effects of exercise on endogenous osteocalcin regulation that correlated with improvements in cognitive but not metabolic outcomes. Exogenous osteocalcin did not improve metabolism but was effective in improving HFD-induced cognitive deficits. Sex is an important variable in hormonal and cognitive responses to exercise in diabetes.