bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-traumatic stress disorder among individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury in Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Parajuli Bikash , Acharya Khagendra , Groves Christine , Dhakal Raju , Shrestha Jemina , Shrestha Rahul , Manandhar Misu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Study design: Cross-sectional studyObjectives: To identify the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and to examine the relationships between demographic and clinical characteristics, and PTSD.Setting: Spinal Injury Rehabilitation Center (SIRC) and Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital (DH, KUH), Kavrepalanchowk, Nepal.Methods: Individuals above18 years of age with TSCI of at least one month from trauma and admitted to SIRC and DH, KUH from June 2019 to May 2021 were included. The specific stress version of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL), a 17- item self-report instrument corresponding to DSM–IV criteria for PTSD was utilized. To classify the neurological status of TSCI individuals, American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) and International Standard for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) were used. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis between independent variables and normalized PCL score was done to evaluate the predictors of PTSD.Results: Among 163 patients, the overall prevalence of PTSD was 27%, and the mean PCL score was 36±13.9. Factors predictive of PTSD included gender, family type, ethnicity, and literacy rate. No significant association was found between the clinical characteristics and PTSD.Conclusions: PTSD appears to be considerably prevalent among individuals with TSCI in Nepal. Females, individuals from nuclear families, individuals with lower literacy, and individuals from lower caste are significantly vulnerable to developing PTSD. However, clinical characteristics do not appear to be influential in the development of PTSD.
In vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of “Habanero” chili pepper (Capsicum chinense) seeds extracts pretreated with cellulase
Authors: Cortés-Ferre Héctor Emmanuel , Martínez-Avila Mariana , Antunes-Ricardo Marilena , Guerrero-Analco José Antonio , Monribot-Villanueva Juan Luis , Gutierrez-Uribe Janet Alejandra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of capsaicin and particular phenolic compounds profile from cellulase assisted extracts of Habanero (Capsicum chinense) chili pepper seeds (CPS) on the concentration of cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β) in murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Capsaicin was quantified by HPLC-DAD, and the phenolic profile was determined by UPLC-MS-QqQ. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by Mouse Cytokine/Chemokine Magnetic Bead Panel 96-well plate assay. Among the 15 different phenolics found in CPS extracts obtained at 120 or 150 minutes of maceration with 2500 UI/L at 30ºC or 45 ºC in a 1:15 (w:v) proportion, the most abundant was vanillic acid (7.97–12.66 µg/g). The extract obtained at 30ºC and 120 minutes, showed similar effects than the observed for synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs indomethacin and dexamethasone and capsaicin standard. Beyond capsaicin, salicylic, protocatechuic and trans-cinnamic acids as well as vanillin in CPS extracts were correlated with the anti-inflammatory effect. On the other hand, capsaicin and chlorogenic acid contents were potential immunostimulants whose concentration varied depending on the cellulase treatment time.
Phase II study of sodium valproate in combination with oral etoposide in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Nakka Thejeswar , Goenka Luxitaa , Dubashi Biswajit , Kayal Smita , Jayanthi M , Barathi Deepak , Krishnamoorthy Narendran , Thumaty Divya Bala , Dahagama Sindhu , Ganesan Prasanth 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC) have limited therapeutic options and poor survival. There is a need for the development of newer therapies. Sodium valproic acid (VPA) is a short-chain fatty acid histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with antitumor activity in preclinical models of PROC. Synergism with conventional cytotoxic agents like etoposide has been demonstrated. Methodology: In this prospective, single-arm, open-label, phase 2 study, we included patients ≥18 years with histologically or cytologically confirmed PROC and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) 0-3. Patients received oral VPA 60 mg/kg/day in three divided doses for three days (D1-D3), followed by oral etoposide 50 mg once daily for two consecutive weeks (D4-D17). Serum samples were collected to assess peak VPA drug levels. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. We sought to show an improvement in response rate from 25% (historically with oral etoposide) to 40% with the addition of VPA. Results: 27 patients were enrolled in the study, and 18 [median age: 52 (45-59) years; serous histology:17(94%); ECOG-PS 2 or 3: 14 (78%)] were evaluable for the response after four months. Nine patients were lost from follow-up before achieving the primary endpoint (mainly due to Covid-related lockdown issues). The median number of prior lines of treatment was 2 (1-3). ORR was 0% according to GCIG criteria. The disease was stable in two patients [clinical benefit rate (CBR) of 11%]. The median OS and PFS were seven months and two months, respectively. Grade ≥3 adverse events were reported in 6 (33%) patients. Conclusion: The addition of valproic acid to oral etoposide in patients with PROC and poor general condition was not helpful and failed to improve responses compared to those historically achieved with single-agent etoposide.
Androgen combination estrogen improve asthma by mediating Runx3 expression
Authors: HE YI , Binaya Wasti , YUAN YU , Chen Zhifeng , Duan Wentao , Jia Jingsi , Xiao Bing , Zhang Xiufeng , Li Jianmin , Zeng Qingping , Ma Libing , Liu Shaokun , Xiang Xudong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective Asthma is a chronic airway heterogeneous disease and T-helper-type2(Th2) cells have an intimate connection with the pathogenesis of asthma by secreting IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, recruiting eosinophils and mast cells, releasing IgE in the lungs and blood. Although it has been argued that androgen and estrogen are involved in asthma progression, how they affect asthma is unknown. Studies showed that Runx3 could promote the migration of naïve CD4+ T cells to Th1 cells and inhibit the production of IL-4 and accelerate the expression of IFN-γ. Hence, the aim of our study was to explore how androgen and estrogen regulation asthma by interacting with Runx3. Materials and methods Clinical assessment and pulmonary function tests were conducted on 35 patients with confirmed asthma, and peripheral blood was collected. At the same time, peripheral blood was obtained from 21 normal controls. Female C57BL/6 mice and bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) were used to develop asthma mouse models and asthma vitro models respectively. Western blotting, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry were utilized to detect Th1 and Th2 cells differentiation and Runx3 expression. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for the concentrations of androgen, estrogen, IL-4 and IFN-γ. Results Serum DHT levels were considerably decreased in asthma patients compared to normal controls, while serum estradiol levels were significantly increased in asthma patients compared with normal controls. The murine model of asthma was established successfully. The principal manifestations were increased total cells and eosinophils in BALF, IL-4 in mice supernatant and activated Th2 cell differentiation. In asthmatic mice and asthma vitro models treated with androgen combined with estrogen, expressions of Runx3 and T-bet in lung tissues were significantly increased, while the corresponding expression of GATA3 was significantly decreased. Meanwhile, Th1 cells increased markedly increased and the corresponding Th2 cells decreased markedly. Conclusions These findings suggest that androgen combination estrogen may improve asthma and provide a viable treatment. However, further implementation needs more research.
The Type IIS restriction enzyme MmeI can cut across a double-strand break
Authors: Tasnim Maliha , Selph T. Jacob , Olcott Jason , Hill Jonathon T 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Type IIS restriction enzymes cut outside of their recognition sites, allowing them to remove their own binding sites upon digestion. This feature has resulted in their wide application in molecular biology techniques, including seamless cloning methods, enzymatic CRISPR library generation, and others. We studied the ability of the Type IIS restriction enzyme MmeI, which recognizes an asymmetric sequence TCCRAC and cuts 20 bp downstream, to cut across a double-strand break (DSB). Methods and Results: We used synthetic double-strand oligos with MmeI recognition sites close to 5′ end and different overhang lengths to measure digestion after different periods of time and at different temperatures. We found that the MmeI binding and cutting sites can be situated on opposite sides of a DSB if the edges of the oligos are held together by transient base-pairing interactions between compatible overhangs. In this paper, we propose a model to explain this observation and characterize the nature of the brief interaction needed for digestion. Conclusion: We found that MmeI can cut across a DSB, and factors that increase the duration of the basepair interactions across the DSB (such as longer overhangs) or increase enzymatic activity (higher temperatures) tend to increase the amount of digestion. The ability of MmeI, and potentially other Type IIS enzymes, to cut across a DSB can result in DNA digestion without the recognition and target sites being ligated together.
Air pollution forecasting and modelling using hybrid machine learning for Craiova City in Romania
Authors: UDRISTIOIU Mihaela T. , MGHOUGHI Youness EL , YILDIZHAN Hasan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Poor air quality affects human health and exacerbates climate change, inducing temperature variations. Therefore, it is important to understand at local level the interactions between climate variability and air pollution to mitigate the effects of air pollution on human health. The aim of this paper is to explore the correlations between meteorological parameters, temperature (T), humidity (H) and air pressure (P) and particulate matter concentrations (PM1, PM2.5, PM10). Also, it is investigated the correlation between PM 2.5 and PM10, between noise, CO2, and PM concentrations. For this purpose, five hybrid Machine Learning models were employed to forecast the PMs concentrations and then the Air Quality Index (AQI). The data set was provided by an independent network of sensors for the period of September 22, 2021 – February 17, 2022. In the results we found, R² exceeds, in general, 0.96 and, in most cases, they can reach 0.99. The humidity was found to be the less significant variable on the PMs concentrations, and the best accuracy was found by combining the pressure with the temperature. In addition, PM10 concentrations were found effectively related to the PM2.5 concentrations and with a bit strongly to the PM1. The PM10 concentration is not strongly correlated to the Noise and CO2 data. Finally, several new relationships have been built to forecast the PMs concentrations and the AQI based on the best combinations of predictor variables found.
Mitochondrial SHMT2 is a crucial therapeutic target in dedifferentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Lee Seong Eun , Park Seongyeol , Yi Shinae , Lim Mi Ae , Chang Jae Won , Won Ho-Ryun , Kim Je Ryong , Ko Hyemi , Chung Eun-Jae , Park Young Joo , Cho Sun Wook , Yu Hyeong Won , Choi June Young , Yeo Min-Kyung , Yi Boram , Yi Kijong , Lim Joonoh , Lee Min Joung , Heo Jun Young , Yoon Sang Jun , Kwon Sung Won , Park Jong-Lyul , Chu In-Sun , Kim Jin Man , Kim Seon-Young , Hong Suna-A , Choi Dong Wook , Ju Young Seok , Shong Minho , Kim Seon-Kyu , Koo Bon Seok , Kang Yea 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The roles of the serine/glycine metabolic pathway (SGP) have recently been evident in certain types of tumor physiology; however, the pathological relevance of SGP in undifferentiated thyroid cancer remains unexplored. Herein, we employed a comparative transcriptome analysis of bulk RNA sequencing coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing, showing that the high expression of SHMT2 and MTHFD2 is tightly associated with a low thyroid differentiation score (TDS) and poor clinical features in thyroid cancer. In addition, unique metabolic reprogramming of SGP-relevant pathways in dedifferentiated cancer cells, and a distinct trajectory of a subpopulation of tumor cells with a high mitochondrial one-carbon pathway was observed. More importantly, such dramatic changes are functionally relevant, as inhibition of SHMT2 significantly compromises mitochondrial respiration and decreases tumor size by upregulating TDS markers. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of the mitochondrial one-carbon pathway, including SGP, in undifferentiated thyroid cancer and suggest that SHMT2 is a novel therapeutic target.
Acceptability of neural stem cell therapy for cerebral palsy: survey of the Australian cerebral palsy community
Authors: Smith Madeleine Jane , Finch-Edmondson Megan , Miller Suzanne L , Webb Annabel , Fahey Michael C , Jenkin Graham , Paton Madison CB , McDonald Courtney A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Neural stem cells (NSCs) have the potential to engraft and replace damaged brain tissue, repairing the damaged neonatal brain that causes cerebral palsy (CP). There are procedures that could increase engraftment of NSCs and may be critical for efficacy, but hold notable risks. Before clinical trials progress, it is important to engage with the CP community to understand their opinions. The aim of this study was to determine the acceptability of NSC therapy for CP in the CP community.Methods: Australian residents with CP and parents/carers of those with CP completed a questionnaire to determine their willingness to use NSCs from three sources (fetal, embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells) and their willingness to undergo accompanying procedures (neurosurgery, immunosuppression) that carry potential risks. To further explore their views, participants also answered free text questions about their ethical concerns regarding the source of NSCs and their perceptions of meaningful outcomes following NSC treatment.Results: In total, 232 responses were analysed. Participants were willing to use NSCs from all three cell sources and were willing to undergo NSC therapy despite the need for neurosurgery and immunosuppression. Participants identified a range of outcome domains considered important following NSC treatment including gross motor function, quality of life, independence and cognitive function. Conclusions: Hypothetical NSC therapy was acceptable to the Australian CP community. This study has identified important findings from the CP community which can be used to inform future NSC research, including the design of clinical trials which may help to increase recruitment, compliance and participant satisfaction.
Characterization of the immunoglobulin lambda chain locus from diverse populations reveals extensive genetic variation
Authors: Gibson William , Rodriguez Oscar , Shields Kaitlyn , Silver Catherine , Dorgham Abdullah , Emery Matthew , Deikus Gintaras , Sebra Robert , Eichler Evan , Bashir Ali , Smith Melissa , Watson Corey 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Immunoglobulins (IGs), crucial components of the adaptive immune system, are encoded by three genomic loci. However, the complexity of the IG loci severely limits the effective use of short read sequencing, limiting our knowledge of population diversity in these loci. We leveraged existing long read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data, fosmid technology, and IG targeted single-molecule, real-time (SMRT) long-read sequencing (IG-Cap) to create haplotype-resolved assemblies of the IG Lambda (IGL) locus from 6 ethnically diverse individuals. In addition, we generated 10 diploid assemblies of IGL from a diverse cohort of individuals utilizing IG-cap. From these 16 individuals, we identified significant allelic diversity, including 36 novel IGLV alleles. In addition, we observed highly elevated single nucleotide variation (SNV) in IGLV genes relative to IGL intergenic and genomic background SNV density. By comparing SNV calls between our high quality assemblies and existing short read datasets from the same individuals, we show a high propensity for false-positives in the short read datasets. Finally, for the first time, we nucleotide-resolved common 5–10 Kb duplications in the IGLC region that contain functional IGLJ and IGLC genes. Together these data represent a significant advancement in our understanding of genetic variation and population diversity in the IGL locus.
ING5 suppresses colorectal tumorigenesis and progression by blocking NF-κB and wnt/β-catenin pathways
Authors: zheng huachuan , Yu Qian , Xue Hang , Sun Hong-zhi , Min Ha-wen , Yu Da-yong , Zhang Rui , Xiao Li-jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
1. ING5 expression is down-regulated in colorectal cancer and negatively correlated with aggressive behaviors and poor prognosis. 2. ING5 overexpression might suppress aggressive phenotype but promote chemo-resistance in colorectal cancer cells. 3. Conditional deletion of ING5 in intestinal epithelial cells might increase the sensitivity to chemically induced colorectal tumorigenesis. 4. ING5 overexpression might suppress the entry of NF-κB into the nucleus for transcriptional regulation and promote β-catenin ubiquitination by forming APC-ING5-β-catenin complex in colorectal cancer cells.
Plant-based green fabrication of S-scheme CuO/CdO/bentonite heterojunction with enhanced photocatalytic performance for degradation of levofloxacin
Authors: Mahjoore Majid , Honarmand Moones , Aryafar Ahmad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this research, for the first time, CuO and CdO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and anchored on layered bentonite using Ferula persica in the interest of developing a novel S-scheme nano-heterojunction (denoted as CuO-CdO-BT). Ferula persica acted as a naturally-sourced reducing agent and stabilizer for the synthesis of NPs. The performance of CuO-CdO-BT was evaluated for the degradation of levofloxacin from aqueous solution under sunlight. The bentonite as a support not only reduced the agglomeration of CuO and CdO NPs, but also decreased the size of biosynthesized NPs, which in turn increased the active surface of NPs and the photodegardation efficiency. The effect of operational reaction system variables was examined in an attempt to optimize the photocatalytic capability of CuO-CdO-BT. Under optimum conditions (catalyst dosage = 0.4 g/L, LVF concentration = 10 mg/L and pH = 8), 96.11% of levofloxacin was degraded using CuO-CdO-BT after 30 min with degradation kinetic of 0.108 min− 1, which was about 2.4 and 4.2 times higher than those of bare CuO and CdO NPs, respectively. The prominent role of superoxide radicals (\({\text{O}}_{2}^{\bullet -})\) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) was determined in the photocatalytic reaction by the radical quenching experiments. The possible levofloxacin pathways were suggested based on the HPLC-MS analysis. High stability was demonstrated for biosynthesized photocatalyst during recycling experiments and 88.56% degradation efficiency was obtained after three cycles of photodegradation. The unique structural features of the new generation of S-scheme heterojunction and green synthesis of NPs using plant provide promising photocatalysts with synergistic features to improve wastewater treatment.
On The Profiling of Air Leakage Infiltration Pattern across Chinese Vernacular Buildings
Authors: Egwunatum Samuel I. , Akpezi Udubra E. , Otasowie Osamudiamen K. , Awodele Imole A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to provide understanding on the seasonal pattern of air leakage (infiltration) in Chinese Vernacular buildings across China’s five climate regions. In achieving the set purpose, a grand extensive literature survey was conducted and supported with data drawn from established Meteonorm V6.1 on sensible heat and psychrometric variables. Numerical computations for normalized and specific infiltration from stack effects followed the Gowri method in line with ASHRAE reference 2004. Solar energy admittance into building followed the Bouger’s Model form Angstrom properties. From the distribution of vernacular buildings across five climate regions of China, evidence from computational and numerical values showed symmetries in terms of minimums and maximums times of occurrence. Further, a reciprocal pattern exists between solar radiative admittance and region’s temperature profile. Knowing that Chinese vernacular building heritage extended to further Asia, this research became limited to only Chinese region. It became difficult to report if the construction culture away from China have correlation with infiltration and energy admittance value. Earlier works on Chinese climate and vernacular dwellings reported a climate responsive dwelling design by passive cooling strategy; a gap was closed by extending the previous work to specific infiltration pattern and energy admittance level. Chinese vernacular buildings by virtue of research outcome are and should be adoptable to modern housing needs for cultural integration.
Synthesis and optical properties of cobalt-doped zinc aluminate nano pigments with an average crystallite size of 8 nm
Authors: Camacho-Espinoza M. , Fernández-Osorio A. , Tapia-Montalvo M. , Chávez-Fernández J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work, we report the synthesis of Zn1 − xCoxAl2O4 x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.06 nano pigments which were prepared by the coprecipitation method and heat treatment of precipitates. The samples were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction associated with the Rietveld refinement, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The optical properties of the nano pigments, color development, crystal field strength, Racah parameters, and nephelauxetic parameters were investigated using spectroscopic data. The results show that sky blue ceramic nano pigments with normal spinel structure are obtained in samples annealed at 700°C for 2h, with an average crystallite size of 8 nm, with the incorporation of a very low concentration of Co2+ in the host lattice. The band gap of the nano pigments was calculated using Kubelka–Munk derived from the diffuse reflectance spectra. These nano pigments show high thermal stability and retain their blue color in the temperature range from 700 to 1300°C. Optical absorption spectra confirmed the substitution of zinc for cobalt in the ZnAl2O4 spinel, three absorption bands in the visible region and two intense bands are observed in the ultraviolet region. Zn1 − xCoxAl2O4 x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.06 nano pigments are insoluble in water, acids and bases. Results suggest that these nano pigments are candidates for use in cosmetics.