bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Passive thermal control design and analysis of a university-class satellite
Authors: Elhefnawy Ahmed , Elmaihy Ali , Elweteedy Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the passive thermal control analysis and design for a small satellite in low Earth orbit. The main objective of the thermal control system is to guarantee the proper operation against the harsh environment in space.The European Student Earth Orbiter satellite was chosen to carry out this study. The paper introduces an alternative means for the thermal control system to be passive by using tapes, coatings, radiators, and multi-layer insulation applied to the satellite to control radiation heat exchange between the satellite and its environment. For this purpose, a finite-difference model was developed using a commercial software package. Results obtained from the simulations were introduced, analyzed, and partially verified for both extreme hot and cold cases.The results show that all the components inside the satellite, structural, and solar panels were within their temperature limits. The most critical components in the hot case are the battery and gyro box with temperature safety margins of 1.83 °C and 2.47 ℃, respectively. The most critical components in the cold case are reaction wheel 2 and uCAM with temperature safety margins of 4.62 ℃ and 4.73 ℃, respectively. The battery on panel 6 has a temperature safety margin of 6.64 ℃.
Processes taking place during the preparation and use of electrospun PLA fibers and their effect on controlled drug release
Authors: Yi Lan , Luo Sheng , Cui Lu , Budai-Szűcs Mária , Móczó János , Pukánszky Béla 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPLA fibers containing metronidazole as the active component were produced by electrospinning from a solvent mixture of dichloromethane (DCM) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The DMSO content of the spinning solution changed between 0 and 25 vol% in 5 vol% steps. The fibers were dried at different temperatures, and processes taking place during fiber production and drying were followed by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The morphology and structure of the fibers were studied by microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The mechanical properties of fiber mats and the release of the drug were also determined as a function of processing and drying parameters. The results showed that several processes take place during the production and subsequent handling of the fibers including the evaporation of the solvent (DMSO), the crystallization of the polymer, the changing of composition, phase separation and the consequent partitioning of the drug. The crystalline structure of the fibers changes considerably during drying which determines their mechanical properties. The rate of evaporation and crystallization is in the same order of magnitude. The rate of both processes increases considerably with temperature, but does not depend strongly on the amount of DMSO in the spinning solution. Both the amount of the drug released and the rate of release cover a wide range depending on the parameters of the preparation technology. The large range of mechanical and functional properties obtained allows the control of the kinetics of drug release to some extent.
Free Choice in Modal Inquisitive Logic
Authors: Nygren Karl 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates inquisitive extensions of normal modal logic with an existential modal operator taken as primitive. The semantics of the existential modality is generalized to apply to questions, as well as statements. When the generalized existential modality is applied to a question, the result is a statement that roughly expresses that each way of resolving the question is consistent with the available information. I study the resulting logic both from a semantic and from a proof-theoretic point of view. I argue that it can be used for reasoning about a general notion of ignorance, and for reasoning about choice-offering permissions and obligations. The main technical results are sound and complete axiomatizations, both for the class of all Kripke frames, and for any class of frames corresponding to a canonical normal modal logic.
Neutral Free Logic: Motivation, Proof Theory and Models
Authors: Pavlović Edi , Gratzl Norbert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFree logics are a family of first-order logics which came about as a result of examining the existence assumptions of classical logic (HintikkaThe Journal of Philosophy,56, 125–137 1959; LambertNotre Dame Journal of Formal Logic,8, 133–144 1967, 1997, 2001). What those assumptions are varies, but the central ones are that (i) the domain of interpretation is not empty, (ii) every name denotes exactly one object in the domain and (iii) the quantifiers have existential import. Free logics reject the claim that names need to denote in (ii).Positivefree logic concedes that some atomic formulas containing non-denoting names (including self-identity) are true,negativefree logic treats them as uniformly false, andneutralfree logic as taking a third value. There has been a renewed interest in analyzing proof theory of free logic in recent years, based on intuitionistic logic in Maffezioli and Orlandelli (Bulletin of the Section of Logic,48(2), 137–158 2019) as well as classical logic in Pavlović and Gratzl (Journal of Philosophical Logic,50, 117–148 2021), there for the positive and negative variants. While the latter streamlines the presentation of free logics and offers a more unified approach to the variants under consideration, it does not cover neutral free logic, since there is some lack of both clear formal intuitions on the semantic status of formulas with empty names, as well as a satisfying account of the conditional in this context. We discuss extending the results to this third major variant of free logics. We present a series of G3 sequent calculi adapted from Fjellstad (Studia Logica,105(1), 93–119 2017,Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics,30(3), 272–289 2020), which possess all the desired structural properties of a good proof system, including admissibility of contraction and all versions of the cut rule. At the same time, we maintain the unified approach to free logics and moreover argue that greater clarity of intuitions is achieved once neutral free logic is conceptualized as consisting of two sub-varieties.
Improving Knowledge and Attitudes About Child Trauma Among Parents and Staff in Head Start Programs
Authors: Guerrero A. , Herman A. , Teutsch C. , Dudovitz R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Early childhood represents a sensitive developmental period when trauma-informed care may mitigate the effects of trauma on developmental and health outcomes. However, few interventions use a low-literacy scalable approach to improve child trauma knowledge and attitudes among parents and early childcare and education caregivers.

Methods
Representatives from 24 early head start (EHS) and head start (HS) agencies attended a 2 day online train-the trainer session and then delivered a child trauma and resilience training to staff at their sites, with the option to deliver a similar training to parents. Baseline and 3 month post-training surveys assessed participant knowledge and attitudes regarding childhood trauma and resilience. Paired T-tests and chi2 analyses assessed changes in responses over time.

Results
Thousand five hundred sixty seven staff from 24 agencies and 443 parents from 7 agencies completed baseline and follow up surveys. Over 55% of parents reported their child had experienced at least one adverse childhood experience. Staff and parents had high knowledge regarding causes of trauma at baseline. Both staff and parents, demonstrated significant improvements in identifying symptoms of child trauma. Staff also improved knowledge of resiliency and toxic stress. Parents reported more positive attitudes towards trauma-informed parenting practices.

Conclusion
This is the first training on childhood trauma among EHS/HS providers and parents using a low literacy train-the-trainer approach. Results suggest a potentially promising methodology with broad dissemination potential to prepare and train the one million plus teachers and caregivers in center-based settings and the parents and families who access them to recognize and respond to child trauma.
Synovial fibroblast-miR-214-3p-derived exosomes inhibit inflammation and degeneration of cartilage tissues of osteoarthritis rats
Authors: Lai Chenteng , Liao Boyi , Peng Song , Fang Peng , Bao Nirong , Zhang Lei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRs) are regulators of number of cellular process. miRs enclosed within exosomes can be crucial regulators of intercellular signalling and could be an important biomarker of various age-associated disorders. Role of exosomal enclosed miRs in osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts (SFBs) remains poorly studied. Here, we profiled and studied the effect of synovial fluid-derived exosomal miRs on inflammation, survival, proliferation of chondrocyte in correlation with cartilage degeneration. Exosomes were isolated from synovial fluid collected from OA subjects and were analysed by transmission electron microscopy. miRs were isolated and were submitted to microarray profiling. Web-based PCR analysis was done. Chondrocyte proliferation and colony formation assay were performed. Apoptosis study was done by flow cytometer. Gene expression was done by qRT-PCR analysis and protein expression by western blot assay. Rat model of OA was created by operating the knee by anterior cruciate ligament and resection of medial menisci (ACLT + MMx) method. Micro-CT analysis, histological analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and TUNEL assay were also performed. About 17 miRs were found to be expressed differentially in the synovial fluid collected from the control and OA subjects. Microarray analysis confirmed, expression of miR-214-3p was significantly downregulated in the synovial fluid exosome of OA subjects. miR-214-3p mimic promoted proliferation of chondrocyte and suppressed apoptosis. Treatment also inhibited the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. SFB-miR-214-3p exosomes suppressed apoptosis and also inflammation in chondrocytes. In vivo study suggested that SFB-exosomal miR-214-3p from rats suppressed the formation of osteophytes, prevented degeneration of cartilage and exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect in articular cartilage tissue. The findings suggested that SFB-miR-214-3p exosomes can ameliorate chondrocyte inflammation and degeneration of cartilage tissues. The study confirms therapeutic potential of SFB-miR-214-3p exosomes in treating OA.
Diabetes mellitus – risk factor and potential future target for hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis?
Authors: Gairing Simon Johannes , Schleicher Eva Maria , Labenz Christian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the major complications of cirrhosis, and its presence is associated with poor survival. Several risk factors for HE are well established, including age, history of HE, portosystemic shunts, or poorer liver function. In recent years, diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as another potential risk factor for the development of HE. This may be important for many patients, as the incidence of type 2 DM (T2DM) is increasing worldwide and, consequently, the incidence of NAFLD-related cirrhosis is rising simultaneously. In addition, DM is a critical factor in the progression of other liver diseases, such as alcohol-related liver disease. Thus, the number of patients with cirrhosis and comorbid T2DM will also increase. To date, the prevalence of DM already ranges between 22 - 40% in patients with cirrhosis. DM-associated factors that may influence the risk of HE include systemic inflammation, insulin resistance with increased muscle protein breakdown as well as autonomic dysfunction with prolonged intestinal transit time and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Currently, the evidence for an association between DM and both minimal and overt HE is weak and it seems likely that only poor glycemic control has an impact on HE risk. In addition, there are some early signs indicating that DM may impair the response of patients with HE to pharmacological therapies such as rifaximin. Thus, improvements in the management of glycemic control may be a candidate future target to reduce the risk of HE. In this concise review, we summarize the current evidence on the association between DM and HE and its potential future implications.
Firm innovation and covenant tightness
Authors: Ma Zhiming , Novoselov Kirill E. , Stice Derrald , Zhang Yue 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study explores the association between firm innovation and loan covenant strictness. We find that lenders construct stricter contracts for firms filing more patents, consistent with lenders imposing more oversight on firms when they enter the commercialization stage after having demonstrated their inventiveness. Our results hold under propensity score matching and entropy balancing, and when exploiting the American Inventors Protection Act as a shock affecting unrelated banks’ access to patent filing information. The relationship we document is stronger when the lender has more expertise and for firms with higher default risk. We demonstrate that borrowers’ patent filings are associated with more future R&D and capital investment and with a higher likelihood of their acquiring firms in the industry of their patent filings. Our results are consistent with the theoretical prediction that lenders interpret patent filings as indicative of high inventive potential that requires stricter discipline and oversight by lenders in order to be converted into actual business success, and with them designing debt contract terms accordingly.
Reproduction Rather than Comprehension? Analysis of Gains in Students’ Science Text Comprehension
Authors: Bernholt Sascha , Härtig Hendrik , Retelsdorf Jan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of texts is an indispensable resource for students’ learning, especially in science domains. While developing understanding of a specific topic usually is the main goal of reading expository texts, an important consideration is how to best measure whether this understanding has been reached. In this study, we aimed to analyze gains in students’ reading comprehension based on reading three expository texts on chemistry and physics topics. By means of a pre–post design, we assessed the reading comprehension of 261 eighth grade students with regard to three levels of reading comprehension. Latent change scores were estimated to analyze changes in students’ total test scores, while also calculating difference scores based on the single items. Results indicate that students’ topic-related comprehension increases from pre- to posttest, while gains seem to be limited to word and sentence level questions. In line with other studies, these findings stress that students would benefit from explicit strategy instruction, at least when learning from reading is the goal of using science texts in classrooms.
Sunspot Rotation in High- and Low-Flaring Active Regions
Authors: Grimes Richard , Pintér Balázs 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSunspot rotations are closely linked with flaring activity. They are thought to contribute to the accumulation of helicity in magnetic flux tubes and to triggering magnetic reconnection in large solar flares. This link to solar flares has led to sunspot rotations being used as a parameter in solar flare prediction methods, but analysis for long-period observations of rotations in the literature is scarce. In this study, the rotation profiles of sunspots in a selection of six active regions are studied over time periods of 5 – 10 days to measure how sunspot rotation varies as active regions develop. The active regions are divided into two categories: high-flaring groups, which produced at least one X-class flare, and low-flaring regions that had little flaring activity. Comparison of the rotation profiles in these regions showed that young complex sunspot groups exhibit faster angular velocities and more frequent changes in rotation than older single-spot groups and, although the most rotating groups were also the most flare-productive, sudden changes in rotation were found to not definitively indicate an imminent eruption.
Genetic parameters of production and reproduction traits of Egyptian buffaloes under subtropical conditions
Authors: Easa Ahmed A. , El-Aziz Ayman H. Abd , Barbary Adel S. A. El , Kostomakhin Nikolay M. , Nasr Mohammed A. F. , Imbabi Tharwat A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate the production and reproduction traits and their genetic parameters of Egyptian buffaloes under subtropical environment. Heritability, phenotypic, and genetic parameters were estimated for productive and reproduction traits of first parity This study revealed the averages TMY, 305-dMY, LL, BW, DP, SP, CI, and AFC were 2260, 2150 kg, 271 days, 38.63 kg, 210.50 days, 195.20 days, 586.86 days, and 36.61 months, respectively. The heritability estimates for productive traits of the first lactation were 0.61, 0.52, 0.47, 0.20, and 0.23 for TMY, 305-dMY, LL, DP, and BW, respectively. Heritability estimates for reproductive traits SP, CI, and AFC were 0.07, 0.09, and 0.35, respectively. Genetic correlations of most of the investigated first parity traits were positive, with an exception of DP. The genetic correlation was negative between SP and BW, and between AFC and LL. Phenotypic correlations of the first parity among all investigated traits were positive except between DP and TMY, 305-dMY, LL, BW, and AFC. High and moderate heritability estimates indicated that the opportunity of genetic upgrading of these parameters could be achieved owing to sire selection. Selection for high milk yield will be associated with genetic improvement in lactation period and birth weight.
Artificial Intelligence for Dunhuang Cultural Heritage Protection: The Project and the Dataset
Authors: Yu Tianxiu , Lin Cong , Zhang Shijie , Wang Chunxue , Ding Xiaohong , An Huili , Liu Xiaoxiang , Qu Ting , Wan Liang , You Shaodi , Wu Jian , Zhang Jiawan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this work, we introduce our project on Dunhuang cultural heritage protection using artificial intelligence. The Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in China, also known as the Grottoes of the Thousand Buddhas, is a religious and cultural heritage located on the Silk Road. The grottoes were built from the 4th century to the 14th century. After thousands of years, the in grottoes decaying is serious. In addition, numerous historical records were destroyed throughout the years, making it difficult for archaeologists to reconstruct history. We aim to use modern computer vision and machine learning technologies to solve such challenges. First, we propose to use deep networks to automatically perform the restoration. Through out experiments, we find the automated restoration can provide comparable quality as those manually restored from an archaeologist. This can significantly speed up the restoration given the enormous size of the historical paintings. Second, we propose to use detection and retrieval for further analyzing the tremendously large amount of objects because it is unreasonable to manually label and analyze them. Several state-of-the-art methods are rigorously tested and quantitatively compared in different criteria and categorically. In this work, we created a new dataset, namely, AI for Dunhuang, to facilitate the research. Version v1.0 of the dataset comprises of data and label for the restoration, style transfer, detection, and retrieval. Specifically, the dataset has 10,000 images for restoration, 3455 for style transfer, and 6147 for property retrieval. Lastly, we propose to use style transfer to link and analyze the styles over time, given that the grottoes were build over 1000 years by numerous artists. This enables the possibly to analyze and study the art styles over 1000 years and further enable future researches on cross-era style analysis. We benchmark representative methods and conduct a comparative study on the results for our solution. The dataset will be publicly available along with this paper.
Old plasma dilution reduces human biological age: a clinical study
Authors: Kim Daehwan , Kiprov Dobri D. , Luellen Connor , Lieb Michael , Liu Chao , Watanabe Etsuko , Mei Xiaoyue , Cassaleto Kaitlin , Kramer Joel , Conboy Michael J. , Conboy Irina M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

This work extrapolates to humans the previous animal studies on blood heterochronicity and establishes a novel direct measurement of biological age. Our results support the hypothesis that, similar to mice, human aging is driven by age-imposed systemic molecular excess, the attenuation of which reverses biological age, defined in our work as a deregulation (noise) of 10 novel protein biomarkers. The results on biological age are strongly supported by the data, which demonstrates that rounds of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) promote a global shift to a younger systemic proteome, including youthfully restored pro-regenerative, anticancer, and apoptotic regulators and a youthful profile of myeloid/lymphoid markers in circulating cells, which have reduced cellular senescence and lower DNA damage. Mechanistically, the circulatory regulators of the JAK-STAT, MAPK, TGF-beta, NF-κB, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways become more youthfully balanced through normalization of TLR4, which we define as a nodal point of this molecular rejuvenation. The significance of our findings is confirmed through big-data gene expression studies.
The impact of music training on executive functions in childhood—a systematic review
Authors: Degé Franziska , Frischen Ulrike 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExecutive functions are cognitive control processes for regulating attention and behavior and are of enormous importance for child development. Accordingly, it is desirable to find effective interventions to promote executive functions. Research suggests that musical training is an activity that can promote the development of executive functions in childhood. The findings from existing studies, however, appear inconsistent. This systematic literature review aims to shed more light on the influence of musical training on executive functions and to investigate to what extent age of the children, study design, and type and duration of musical training play a role. The results of this work show that the majority of the included studies report an influence of musical training on executive functions. Since most studies measured inhibition, the impact of music training on inhibition is most reliable. However, there are still not enough studies of sufficiently high quality to permit a solid systemization with respect to age and with regard to the type and duration of the musical training.