bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social context mediates the expression of a personality trait in a gregarious lizard
Authors: Brand Jack A. , Naimo Annalise C. , Michelangeli Marcus , Martin Jake M. , Sih Andrew , Wong Bob B. M. , Chapple David G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe social environment is a key factor that influences behavioural traits across a wide array of species. Yet, when investigating individual differences in behaviour, studies tend to measure animals in isolation from other conspecifics—even in social species. Surprisingly, whether behavioural traits measured in isolation are predictive of individual-level behaviour when in social groups is still poorly understood. Here, we repeatedly measured risk-taking behaviour (i.e. boldness; 741 total trials) in both the presence and absence of conspecifics in a social lizard, the delicate skink (Lampropholis delicata). Further, we manipulated food availability during group trials to test whether the effect of the social environment on risk-taking behaviour was mediated by competition over resources. Using 105 lizards collected from three independent populations, we found that individual risk-taking behaviour was repeatable when measured in either social isolation or within groups both with and without food resources available. However, lizards that were bolder during individual trials were not also bolder when in groups, regardless of resource availability. This was largely driven by individual differences in social behavioural plasticity, whereby individual skinks responded differently to the presence of conspecifics. Together, this resulted in a rank order change of individual behavioural types across the social conditions. Our results highlight the importance of the social environment in mediating animal personality traits across varying levels of resource availability. Further, these findings suggest that behavioural traits when measured in isolation, may not reflect individual variation in behaviour when measured in more ecologically realistic social groups.
Coupling 2D continuum and beam elements: a mixed formulation for avoiding spurious stresses
Authors: Klarmann Simon , Wackerfuß Jens , Klinkel Sven 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a novel approach to coupling beam and solid elements. Connecting standard beam elements with solid elements results in a situation where the solid part of the model covers the cross-sectional deformation, while at the beam part assumptions only consider the rigid body movement of the cross-section. Therefore, kinematic assumptions do not include cross-section deformations such as warping and contraction. Due to this restriction, spurious stresses occur at the transition zone. To circumvent this problem, this contribution introduces a mixed hybrid transition element based on an extended Hu–Washizu functional. The extension allows the cross-section to contract and warp. Compared with other approaches that include these phenomena, precomputation of the warping function is unnecessary. The present approach considers the cross-sectional deformation using local variables. On the solid interface, there are only displacement degrees of freedom (depending on the solid discretization), whereas on the beam interface, there are two displacement degrees of freedom and one rotation. This allows beam-like parts of the solid model to be replaced with standard beam elements without affecting the overall accuracy of the model. Besides solid–beam coupling, the proposed formulation can also be used to apply beam-like boundary conditions as well as stress resultants to the solid interface. For the sake of simplicity and without restricting generality, the underlying element formulation is introduced for the 2D linear elastic case. Numerical examples demonstrate that the transition element causes no spurious stress distributions on the solid part. The results of full solid models are compared with mixed beam–solid models.
Hasselt University’s Roadmap to a European University
Authors: Van Hellemont Elke , Vancauwenbergh Sadia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHasselt University (UHasselt) recently joined EURECA-PRO, an eight-university partnership spanning seven European countries working to create a European University on Sustainable Consumption and Production. EURECA-PRO pursues sustainability research focused on the processes of resource extraction, production, and consumption in order to investigate the entire value chain of materials and products. EURECA-PRO partners and UHasselt have similar research expertise in the field of sustainability, present complementary educational profiles, and share multiple strategic policy priorities, such as inclusivity, lifelong learning, sustainability, and internationalisation. In what follows, we outline our motives and hopes in joining EURECA-PRO: the enhancement of international staff/student mobility, increased academic collaboration, further development of research/education innovation, and a positive spill over effects for UHasselt’s wider academic and geographical community. As a relatively new partner, UHasselt will invest substantially in communication strategies and initiatives to build connections between UHasselt staff/students and partnering institutions. UHasselt appreciates EURECA-PRO’s accomplishments to date and acknowledges the facilitation of UHasselt’s entrance into the alliance. Overall, UHasselt considers EURECA-PRO a valuable platform to enhance research, teaching, and public engagement on topics already a part of UHasselt’s DNA. At the same time, we believe that Hasselt University has meaningful contributions to make to EURECA-PRO, for example through expertise in international programmes, specialised and rare infrastructure (eg. Ecotron) and an established reputation as a leading research institute and teaching hub on topics, such as circular economy and energy transition, residing at the heart of the EURECA-PRO Alliance.
Exercise counselling and referral in cancer care: an international scoping survey of health care practitioners’ knowledge, practices, barriers, and facilitators
Authors: Ramsey Imogen , Chan Alexandre , Charalambous Andreas , Cheung Yin Ting , Darling H. S. , Eng Lawson , Grech Lisa , Hart Nicolas H. , Kirk Deborah , Mitchell Sandra A. , Poprawski Dagmara , Rammant Elke , Fitch Margaret I. , Chan Raymond J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Evidence supports the role of prescribed exercise for cancer survivors, yet few are advised to exercise by a healthcare practitioner (HCP). We sought to investigate the gap between HCPs’ knowledge and practice from an international perspective.

Methods
An online questionnaire was administered to HCPs working in cancer care between February 2020 and February 2021. The questionnaire assessed knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding exercise counselling and referral of cancer survivors to exercise programs.

Results
The questionnaire was completed by 375 participants classified as medical practitioners (42%), nurses (28%), exercise specialists (14%), and non-exercise allied health practitioners (16%). Between 35 and 50% of participants self-reported poor knowledge of when, how, and which cancer survivors to refer to exercise programs or professionals, and how to counsel based on exercise guidelines. Commonly reported barriers to exercise counselling were safety concerns, time constraints, cancer survivors being told to rest by friends and family, and not knowing how to screen people for suitability to exercise (40–48%). Multivariable logistic regression models including age, gender, practitioner group, leisure-time physical activity, and recall of guidelines found significant effects for providing specific exercise advice (χ2(7) = 117.31, p < .001), discussing the role of exercise in symptom management (χ2(7) = 65.13, p < .001) and cancer outcomes (χ2(7) = 58.69, p < .001), and referring cancer survivors to an exercise program or specialist (χ2(7) = 72.76, p < .001).

Conclusion
Additional education and practical support are needed to equip HCPs to provide cancer survivors with exercise guidelines, resources, and referrals to exercise specialists.
Compact elliptic ring 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 MIMO-UWB antenna at 60 GHz for 5G mobile communications applications
Authors: Alassawi Sarah A. , Ali Wael A. E. , Ismail Nour , Rizk Mohamed R. M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a new design of compact Multi Input and Multi Output (MIMO) elliptic ring antenna applied to 5G-UWB wireless mobile communications is discussed. There are two designs, first design consists of two radiators both are perpendicular in single side. The second design consists of four radiators and they are perpendicular to each other in single side. Those designs are compact with small size of substrate material Roger 4003 mounted over partial ground with dimensions of 30 × 30 × 0.203 mm3 for four antenna radiators and 15 × 30 × 0.203 mm3 for two antenna radiators. The operating frequency of the proposed designs which support MIMO microstrip patch antennas is 60 GHz for Milli-Meter short wave range applied for 5G Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) applications. The simulated results are validated by testing the fabricated antenna model and a good consistency is observed in terms of impedance and radiation characteristics. The diversity performance is also tested and good results are obtained in terms of ECC and DG.
Closed range Volterra-type integral operators and dynamical sampling
Authors: Mengestie Tesfa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe solve the closed range problem for Volterra-type integral operator on Fock spaces. Several applications of the result related to the operators invertibility, Fredholm, and dynamical sampling structures from frame perspectives are provided. We further prove a bounded Volterra-type integral operator preserves no frame property. On the contrary, the adjoint operator preserves frame if and only if it is noncompact but fails to preserve both tight frames and Riesz basis.
Mortality after chronic subdural hematoma is associated with frailty
Authors: Blaauw Jurre , Jacobs Bram , Hertog Heleen M. den , van der Gaag Niels A. , Jellema Korné , Dammers Ruben , Kho Kuan H. , Groen Rob J. M. , van der Naalt Joukje , Lingsma Hester F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common neurological disease often affecting the elderly. Long-term excess mortality for patients after CSDH has been suggested but causes of death are unknown. We hypothesize that excess mortality of CSDH patients is related to frailty. In this article, we describe mortality rates and causes of death of CSDH patients compared with the general population and assess the association of frailty with mortality.

Methods
A cohort study in which consecutive CSDH patients were compared to the general population regarding mortality rates. Furthermore, the association of six frailty indicators (cognitive problems, frequent falling, unable to live independently, unable to perform daily self-care, use of benzodiazepines or psychotropic drugs, and number of medications) with mortality was assessed.

Results
A total of 1307 CSDH patients were included, with a mean age of 73.7 (SD ± 11.4) years and 958 (73%) were male. Median follow-up was 56 months (range: 0–213). Compared with controls CSDH patients had a hazard ratio for mortality of 1.34 (95% CI: 1.2–1.5). CSDH patients more often died from cardiovascular diseases (37% vs. 30%) and falls (7.2% vs. 3.7%). Among CSDH patients frequent falling (HR 1.3; 95% CI: 1.0–1.7), inability to live independently (HR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1–1.8), inability to perform daily self-care (HR 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1–1.9), and number of medications used (HR 1.0; 95% CI: 1.0–1.1) were independently associated with mortality.

Conclusions
CSDH patients have higher mortality rates than the general population. Frailty in CSDH patients is associated with higher mortality risk. More attention for the frailty of CSDH patients is warranted.
Azolo substitution into the purine scaffold in nucleoside cyclic 3',5'-phosphorothioates
Authors: Andrei Mioara , Undheim Kjell 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAzolation in the 8-position in the purine scaffold of cAMP (adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate) and cAMPS (adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphorothioate) provided derivatives with an azole ring directly attached to the purine via an annular azole nitrogen. Electrophilic bromination in the 8-position was followed by nucleophilic substitution with metalated azoles to afford 8-imidazo and 8-triazolo derivatives. The substrates were appropriately protected (Sp)-3′,5′-cyclic N-benzylphosphoramidate. A subsequent carbon disulfide promoted thiation reaction afforded corresponding (Rp)-8-azolo-3′.5′-cAMPS products. The reactions were stereoselective. The products as tri-n-butylammonium salts were soluble in organic solvents and were purified by chromatography. The ammonium salts were converted to sodium salts.
Graphical abstract
Psychotherapie als Gesellschaftspraxis. Integrativ-therapeutische und systemische Beiträge zu einer kontextsensitiven Psychotherapie
Authors: Luger Martin , Fehrmann Elisabeth 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungUnser Beitrag betrachtet Psychotherapie als soziale Praxis. Sie ist Phänomen ihrer Zeit, historisch situiert und aus groß angelegten, gesellschaftlichen Formierungsbewegungen gespeist. Ihr zentral ist die Befassung mit persönlichem Leid und dessen Einbettung in ökologische und dialektische Wirkfelder, die es aktiv mitgestalten. Der Text zieht vor allem wissenschaftshistorische, kulturanalytische und sozialwissenschaftliche Quellen heran. Entlang einer Theorie der Praxis argumentieren wir, dass Psychotherapie als spätmoderne Hervorbringung Individualisierung zuspitzen und zugleich lebensweltliche Bezogenheit, im Sinne einer Rekontextualisierung fördern kann. Es werden Beispiele aus integrativen und systemischen Therapieansätzen diskutiert, um deren Umwelt‑, Resonanz- und Kontextsensitivität zu beleuchten und Ausblicke auf eine allgemeine Psychotherapie als dialektisch-ökologische Praxeologie (Fischer 2008) zu geben. Psychotherapiewissenschaften haben Positionen von Gesellschaft, Intersubjektivität und sozialer Kognition zentral in ihre Erkenntnis- und Praxiswege mit einzubeziehen. Der Text argumentiert für die Stärkung sozialwissenschaftlicher, beispielsweise praxistheoretischer, phänomenologisch-lebensweltlicher und enaktiver Zugänge innerhalb der Psychotherapieforschung. Hiermit sind sowohl Ansätze einer 4e-cognition sowie kulturanalytische, sozialphänomenologische oder interaktionssoziologische Beiträge angesprochen.
Psychotherapie im Migrationskontext
Authors: Kostoula Olga 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungMigration und Flucht stellen vermutlich seit jeher bedeutende Bestandteile menschlicher Gesellschaften dar. Für die Psychotherapie sind sie aus zwei Hauptgründen relevant: Einerseits bringen Menschen, die migrieren, nicht selten psychische Belastungen beziehungsweise spezifische Herausforderungen mit sich. Andererseits konfrontieren Migrations- und Interkulturalitätsthemen Psychotherapeut*innen mit einer Reihe von methodischen und Grundsatzfragen. Eine zentrale psychotherapeutische Herausforderung betrifft die Gestaltung und die Inanspruchnahme psychotherapeutischer Leistungen. Obwohl Psychotherapie für viele Migrant*innen und Geflüchtete indiziert erscheint, existieren gerade bei diesen Zielgruppen mannigfaltige Hürden, wozu vorerst sprachliche und institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen gehören. Hinzu kommen Aspekte der psychotherapeutischen Praxis, die nicht immer auf dem ersten Blick als kulturabhängig erkannt werden. Dazu gehören Krankheitskonzepte, die auf andere Erklärungen fußen als die psychotherapeutische Krankheitslehre, mangelhafte Vertrautheit einiger Psychotherapeut*innen mit derartigen Konzepten oder Wissenslücken seitens der Klient*innen über die Möglichkeiten der Psychotherapie. Ausgehend von speziellen Gesundheitsbelastungen von Menschen mit Migrations- und Fluchterfahrungen werden im Beitrag Herausforderungen für die psychotherapeutische Versorgung erörtert. Soziokulturelle Hintergründe, die das Verständnis von und den Umgang mit psychischen Erkrankungen beeinflussen, werden auf Basis der transkulturellen Psychiatrie und der transkulturellen Kompetenz beleuchtet. Der Beitrag schließt mit Implikationen dieser Ansätze für die psychotherapeutische Praxis.
Fear of the new? Geckos hesitate to attack novel prey, feed near objects and enter a novel space
Authors: Szabo Birgit , Ringler Eva 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeophobia, the fear of novelty, is an ecologically important response which enables animals to avoid potentially harmful situations. Neophobia is a cognitive process by which individuals distinguish novelty from familiarity. In this study, we aimed to quantify this cognitive process in captive tokay geckos (Gekko gecko) across three contexts: when encountering novel prey, foraging near novel objects and entering a novel space. We also investigated individual consistency across trials using different novel stimuli, and correlation of individual responses across the three contexts. We found that geckos hesitate to attack novel prey and prey close to objects (familiar and novel). Geckos hesitated the most when entering novel space. Repeatability of behaviour within and across contexts was low (R = 0.101–0.190) indicating that neophobia might not be expressed similarly across contexts. The strength of a neophobic response can indicate how anxious or curious an individual is. This test has great potential to help answer questions about how captivity, enrichment, rearing environment and cognition affect fear responses in different contexts in lizards. By studying reptiles, we can better understand the universality of what is known about the causes leading to difference in neophobia across individuals and species.
A comparative study of mirror self-recognition in three corvid species
Authors: Vanhooland Lisa-Claire , Szabó Anita , Bugnyar Thomas , Massen Jorg J. M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMirror self-recognition (MSR) assessed by the Mark Test has been the staple test for the study of animal self-awareness. When tested in this paradigm, corvid species return discrepant results, with only the Eurasian magpies and the Indian house crow successfully passing the test so far, whereas multiple other corvid species fail. The lack of replicability of these positive results and the large divergence in applied methodologies calls into question whether the observed differences are in fact phylogenetic or methodological, and, if so, which factors facilitate the expression of MSR in some corvids. In this study, we (1) present new results on the self-recognition abilities of common ravens, (2) replicate results of azure-winged magpies, and (3) compare the mirror responses and performances in the mark test of these two corvid species with a third corvid species: carrion crows, previously tested following the same experimental procedure. Our results show interspecies differences in the approach of and the response to the mirror during the mirror exposure phase of the experiment as well as in the subsequent mark test. However, the performances of these species in the Mark Test do not provide any evidence for their ability of self-recognition. Our results add to the ongoing discussion about the convergent evolution of MSR and we advocate for consistent methodologies and procedures in comparing this ability across species to advance this discussion.
Pediatric tumefactive multiple sclerosis case (with baló-like lesions), diagnostic and treatment challenges
Authors: Kamari Christina , Galanakis Emmanouil , Raissaki Maria , Briassoulis George , Vlachaki Georgia , Vorgia Pelagia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, rare during childhood. MS variations, like tumefactive MS and Balo concentric sclerosis, constitute puzzling to treat diagnostic dilemmas for pediatric patients. Differential diagnosis, mainly from brain tumors, is an absolute necessity. In addition, apart from treating acute attacks, immunomodulatory alternatives are limited.

Case
We present a 12.5-year-old boy diagnosed, 5 years ago, with tumefactive relapsing–remitting MS, with severe recurrent clinical attacks. Definite diagnosis of demyelination was achieved via combined brain imaging including magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR spectroscopy and computed tomography, avoiding brain biopsy. Acute attacks showed satisfactory response to aggressive treatment choices, like plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide, but age-appropriate immunomodulating treatment was available, only 2 years later. Finally, after a last radiological relapse, when he was 10 years old, fingolimod was initiated. He has been clinically and radiologically stable since, presenting an excellent treatment tolerance.
Predictions of machine learning with mixed-effects in analyzing longitudinal data under model misspecification
Authors: Hu Shuwen , Wang You-Gan , Drovandi Christopher , Cao Taoyun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe consider predictions in longitudinal studies, and investigate the well known statistical mixed-effects model, piecewise linear mixed-effects model and six different popular machine learning approaches: decision trees, bagging, random forest, boosting, support-vector machine and neural network. In order to consider the correlated data in machine learning, the random effects is combined into the traditional tree methods and random forest. Our focus is the performance of statistical modelling and machine learning especially in the cases of the misspecification of the fixed effects and the random effects. Extensive simulation studies have been carried out to evaluate the performance using a number of criteria. Two real datasets from longitudinal studies are analysed to demonstrate our findings. The R code and dataset are freely available athttps://github.com/shuwen92/MEML.