bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covid-19 Space-time Cluster Detection Using Retrospective Analysis
Authors: TEGEGNE KALEAB TESFAYE , TEGEGNE ELENI TESFAYE , TESSEMA MEKIBIB KASSA , ABERA GELETA , BIFATO BERHANU , GEBREMICHAEL KEBEBUSH , ABEBE ALELIGN TADELE , ASSEFA ABIYU AYALEW , ZENEBE ANDUALEM , BAGAJJO WOSENYELEH SEMEON , RIKE MUSIE , WELDEYES BELAYNEH FELEKE , ALEMU ARGAW GETACHEW 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: As of the 31st of January 2021, there had been 102,399,513 confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide, with 2,217,005 deaths reported to WHOThe goal of this study is to uncover the spatiotemporal patterns of COVID 19 in Ethiopia, which will aid in the planning and implementation of essential preventative measures. Methods We obtained data on COVID 19 cases reported in Ethiopia from November 23 to December 29, 2021, from an Ethiopian health data website that is open to the public.Kulldorff's retrospective space-time scan statistics were utilized to detect the temporal, geographical, and spatiotemporal clusters of COVID 19 at the county level in Ethiopia, using the discrete Poisson probability model. Results: In Ethiopia, between November 23 and December 29, 2021, a total of 22,199 COVID 19 cases were reported.The COVID 19 cases in Ethiopia were strongly clustered in spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal distribution, according to the results of Kulldorff's scan. statisticsThe most likely Spatio-temporal cluster (LLR = 70369.783209, RR = 412.48, P 0.001) was mostly concentrated in Addis Ababa and clustered between 2021/11/1 and 2021/11/30.Conclusion: From November 23 to December 29, 2021, this study found three large COVID 19 space-time clusters in Ethiopia, which could aid in future resource allocation in high-risk locations for COVID 19 management and prevention.
Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: A comparison between People Living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals
Authors: Zou Shi , Wu Mengmeng , Ming Fangzhao , Wu Songjie , Guo Wei , Marley Gifty , Xing Zhongyuan , Zhang Zhiyue , Zeng Minxia , Sun Chao , Zhang Jianfeng , Tang Weiming , Liang Ke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Multi-types COVID-19 vaccines have shown safety and efficacy against COVID-19 in adults. Although current guidelines encourage people living with HIV(PLWH) to take COVID-19 vaccines, whether their immune response to COVID-19 vaccines is distinct from HIV-free individuals is still unclear. Methods: Between March to June 2021, 48 PLWH and 40 HNC, aged 18 to 59 years, were enrolled in the study in Wuchang district of Wuhan city. All of them received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine at day 0 and the second dose at day 28. The primary safety outcome was the combined adverse reactions within 7days after each injection. The primary immunogenicity outcomes were neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) responses by chemiluminescence and total specific IgM and IgG antibodies responses by ELISA and colloidal gold at baseline (day 0), day 14, day 28, day 42, and day 70.Results: In total, the study included 46 PLWH and 38 HNC who finished 70 days’ follow-up. The frequency of adverse reactions to the first and second dose was not different between PLWH (30% and 11%) vs HNC (32% and 24%). There were no serious adverse events. NAbs responses among PLWH peaked at day 70, while among HNC peaked at day 42. At day 42, the geometric mean concentration (GMC) and seroconversion rate of nAbs among PLWH were 4.46 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL (95% CI, 3.18-5.87) and 26% (95% CI, 14-41), which were lower than that among HNC [GMC (18.28 BAU/mL, 95% CI, 10.33-32.33), seroconversion rate (63%, 95% CI, 44-79)]. IgG responses among both PLWH and HNC peaked at day 70. At day 70, the geometric mean ELISA units (GMEU) and seroconversion rate of IgG among PLWH were 0.193 ELISA units (EU)/mL (95% CI, 0.119-0.313) and 51% (95% CI, 34-69), which was lower than that among HNC [GMEU (0.379 BAU/mL, 95% CI, 0.224-0.653), seroconversion rate (86%, 95% CI, 64-97)]. Conclusion: Early humoral immune response to the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was weaker and delayed among the PLWH population than that among HNC. This observation remained consistent regardless of a high CD4 count and a low HIV viral load suppressed by antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Prevalence and Postpartum Screening Practice for Type 2 Diabetes following GDM in King Abdulaziz Medical City: A 3-Years Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Alzahrani Abdullah , Alfitni Daniyah , Aqeel Maysaa , Alsulami Ebtesam 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aim: GDM patients were associated to develop T2DM but mostly failed to undergo screening after delivery. This study aims to examine the practice of T2DM screening and prevalence of developing T2DM among women who had GDM in King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Saudi Arabia. Methods: Retrospective study involving 642 pregnant women with GDM. Medical records on screenings conducted, delivery mode, GDM and diabetes family history were collected and investigated. Statistical analysis was conducted. Frequencies and percentages were used for categorical variables while means and SD for continuous. Chi-square and t-test were used to establish relationship of categorical and comparing two group means, respectively. Results: Patients were 98.8% Saudi nationals, mean weight, height, parity and number of pregnancies were 76.96 kg, 2.74 m, 3.37 and 1.35, respectively. Majority were obese (56.9%), SVD (56.4%) mode of delivery and good lifestyle (91.4%) as management practice. OGTT was used for screening T2DM with 0 hr fasting and 2-hrs after consuming 75g of glucose, physician ordered 6 weeks after delivery. Only 20% had screening for T2DM and 3.9% developed postpartum diabetes with high number of women not returning for ordered OGTT screening (65.6%). Significant predictors identified were parity and mode of delivery for development of T2DM, while only mode of delivery for both screening for T2DM and management of GDM.Conclusion: Low prevalence of developing T2DM but high number of women failed to follow the ordered OGTT screening. Effort on the implementation of OGTT screening for T2DM needs improvement.
Predictive Value of Serum Aurora A, Thymidine Kinase 1, and HER3/ErbB3 in Breast Cancer Patients Before Neoadjuvant Treatment
Authors: Winter Pawel , Kotowicz Beata , Fuksiewicz Malgorzata , Kowalska Maria , Jagiello-Gruszfeld Agnieszka , Nowecki Zbigniew 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Further personalization is needed to improve the outcomes of breast cancer treatment. It is necessary to find new inexpensive and easily evaluated predictive markers. In this study, we determined serum level of Aurora A (AURKA), thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 3 (HER3) by enzyme immunoassay ELISA. We collected peripheral blood sera of 119 women with breast cancer before neoadjuvant treatment and the control group of 47 randomly selected healthy women. After treatment we analyzed clinical data: age, initial TNM stage, tumor receptors expression: estrogen (ER), progesterone (PGR), epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2), Ki67, histological malignancy grade, biological subtype, and response to neoadjuvant treatment in residual cancer burden (RCB) classification. Pathologic complete response (PCR) was achieved in 41 patients (34.45%). In univariate analysis patients with higher AURKA levels were more likely to obtain PCR (p=0.039). In multivariate analysis we used the logit regression model with PCR as the dependent. The effect of AURKA concentration ≥4.75 ng / mL on the chance of achieving PCR was found (OR: 3.5; 95%CI: 1.2-10.1; p = 0.023). Other significant PCR factors included: node status (OR: 0.503; 95% CI: 0.263-0.965; p = 0.039), negative PGR expression (OR: 0.104; 95% CI: 0.038-0.284; p < 0.001), and Ki67 >20% (OR: 5.44; 95% CI: 1.24-23,9; p < 0.025). There was no significance in marker concentrations and clinical features nor between breast cancer patients and control group. The outcomes suggest that serum AURKA level is a potential PCR prediction marker in neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment. Further studies are needed to confirm our observations.
Room-temperature generation of heralded single photons on silicon chip with switchable orbital angular momentum
Authors: Zhang Shan , Feng Xue , Zhang Wei , Cui Kaiyu , Liu Fang , Huang Yidong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In quantum optics, orbital angular momentum (OAM) is very promising to achieve high-dimensional quantum states due to the nature of infinite and discrete eigenvalues, which is quantized by the topological charge of l. Here, a heralded single-photon source with switchable OAM modes is proposed and demonstrated on silicon chip. At room-temperature, the heralded single photons with 11 OAM modes (l=2~6, -6~-1) have been successfully generated and switched through thermo-optical effect. We believe that such an integrated quantum source with multiple OAM modes and operating at room-temperature would provide a practical platform for high-dimensional quantum information processing. Moreover, our proposed architecture can also be extended to other material systems to further improve the performance of OAM quantum source.
Double-Gate Operation of Metal Nanodot-Array-Based Single-Electron Device
Authors: Gyakushi Takayuki , Amano Ikuma , Tsurumaki-Fukuchi Atsushi , Arita Masashi , Takahashi Yasuo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Multidot single-electron devices (SEDs) can realize new types of computing technologies, such as reconfigurable and reservoir computing. The self-assembled metal nanodot-array film attached with multiple gates is a candidate for use in such SEDs to achieve high functionality. However, the single-electron properties of such a film have not yet been investigated in use with optimally controlled multiple gates because of structural complexity having many nanodots. In this study, Fe nanodot-array-based double-gate SEDs were fabricated and their single-electron properties modulated by the top- and bottom-gate voltages (VT and VB, respectively) were investigated. As reported in our previous study, the drain current (ID) exhibited clear oscillations against VB (i.e., Coulomb blockade oscillation) in a part of the devices, originating from a single dot among several dots. The phase of the Coulomb blockade oscillation systematically shifted with VT, indicating that the charge state of the single dot was clearly controlled by both the gate voltages despite the multidot structure and the metal multidot SED has potential for logic-gate operation. The top and bottom gates affected the electronic state of the dot unevenly owing to the geometrical effect caused by the dot shape and size of the surrounding dots.
Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Carotid Artery Plaque in Different Glucose Metabolic States in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease — A RCSCD-TCM Study in China
Authors: Li Zhu , He Yuanyuan , Wang Shuo , Li Lin , Yang Rongrong , Liu Yijia , Cheng Qi , Yu Lu , Zheng Yanchao , Zheng Hongmei , Gao Shan , Yu Chunquan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe triglyceride glucose (TyG) index serves as a surrogate indicator of insulin resistance. However, there are limited data on the association between TyG index and carotid artery plaque (CAP) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).MethodsA total of 10,535 CHD patients were included in this study. TyG index was divided into quartiles, Q1: TyG index ＜ 8.52, Q2: 8.52 ≤ TyG index ＜ 8.93, Q3: 8.93 ≤ TyG index ≤ 9.40, Q4: TyG index ＞9.40. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between TyG index and CAP in CHD patients, and further analyzed the relationship between TyG index and CAP in different genders, different age groups and different glucose metabolism states. ResultsA baseline analysis of CHD patients divided into four groups according to the quartile of the TyG index showed that there were significant differences in related parameters between the groups. As the TyG index increases, the incidence of CAP increases significantly. After adjustment for multivariate, TyG index levels for Q3 and Q4 correlated with increased OR in CAP, which Q4 has the highest correlation (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.33 -1.53). The correlation between the Tyg index of female (OR:1.38; 95% CI: 1.31-1.45) and CAP was higher than that of male (OR:1.23; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.30). The OR value of middle-aged (≤ 60 years old) patients (OR:1.14; 95% CI: 1.07-1.22) is higher than that of elderly (＞dayu 60 years old) patients (OR:1.07; 95% CI: 1.02-1.13). Under different glucose metabolism states, the TyG index of CHD patients was significantly related to the risk of CAP, and the OR value of diabetes (DM) was the highest (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.26-1.45).ConclusionsThere is a significant correlation between the TyG index and CAP in CHD patients. In addition, the correlation between TyG index and CAP in CHD patients is higher in female than in male, and the correlation in middle-aged and elderly patients is higher than that in elderly patients. Under the condition of DM, the correlation between TyG index and carotid artery plaque in CHD patients is higher.
The Impact of KPNA2 on Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yan Zhangzhe , He Mingang , Shi Haoxin , Wang Haipeng , Qin Miao , Li Zengjun , Sun Yanlai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background and purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with the highest mortality globally. At present, there is no exact biomarker to predict the prognosis and clinicopathological monitoring of CRC patients. Recent studies on the relationship of Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2) expression and the prognosis of CRC has gradually become a hot spot while the results are still controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze and assess the prognostic role of KPNA2 in CRC patients. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and Chinese Medical Database were systematically searched. The cohort study of high-level expression of KNPA2 and low-level expression of KPNA2 in CRC patients was included, the relevant data were extracted and the literature quality was evaluated. At the same time, the relationship between KPNA2 expression level and the overall survival (OS), the clinicopathological stage of CRC patients was studied. Meta-analysis was carried out by Stata MP 17.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA) software. Results: A total of 7 cohort studies involving 1166 patients were included. The analysis results showed that higher KPNA2 expression was significantly associated with higher tumor stage (OR=1.90, 95% CI 1.42–2.54), higher degree of tumor invasion (OR=2.14，95% CI 1.55-2.94), more lymph node metastasis (OR=2.20, 95% CI 1.68-2.88) and more distant metastasis (OR=3.66，95% CI 1.81-7.40). Moreover, higher KPNA2 expression was significantly associated with the shorter OS (HR=2.31, 95%CI 1.46-3.68).Conclusion: KPNA2 overexpression is an unfavorable prognostic factor for CRC patients. It could serve as a prognostic biomarker and as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
Ghrline Promot the Ovarian Cancer Cell Autophagy by LncRNA linc00598
Authors: Bai Ruixia , Song Wanying , Cui Yan , Gao Haining , Zhao Yuxing , Lu Jingkun , Zhang Xuan , Hong Mei , Sun Peng , Zhang Mingyu , Cui Jiaxian , Wang Xiumei , Zhao Pengwei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore the autophagy effect of ghrelin on the ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3. And the lncRNA which regulate the ghrelin effect SK-OV-3 autophagy was showed.Methodsthe expression of ghrelin in the ovarian cancer tissues was analyzed according GEPIA database and HPA database. The CCK-8 was used to detect the the optimal concentration of ghrelin effect on the SK-OV-3. The influence on the SK-OV-3 cell autophagy by ghrelin was showed by detecting the expression of Beclin-1, LC3Ⅰand LC3Ⅱusing western blot. Linc00598 selected as the effecting the SK-OV-3 cells autophagy by ghrelin using RNA-Seq. And the Linc00598 which was silenced or overexressed promote the SK-OV-3 cells autophagy treated by ghrelin though western blot.ResultsGhrelin was expressed low in the ovarian cancer tissues. Ghrelin concentratio of 600 ng/ml was the optimal concentration o and 24 h was the optimal time. Ghrelin can promote the SK-OV-3 cell autophagy. Ghrelin mainly through linc00598 to promote the SK-OV-3 cells autophagy. When the linc00598 silenced, ghrelin promote SK-OV-3 cells autophagy was inhibited. And When the linc00598 overexpressed, ghrelin promote SK-OV-3 cells autophagy was inhanced.ConclusionsGhrelin promote SK-OV-3 cells autophagy. Additionally, we proved that ghrelin regulated the progression of SK-OV-3 cells autophagy by linc00598/ Beclin1 axis.
Experimental Implementation of a Neural Network Optical Channel Equalizer in Restricted Hardware Using Pruning and Quantization
Authors: Ron Diego Argüello , Sourza Pedro Jorge Freire De Carvalho , Prilepsky Jaroslaw E. , Kamalian-Kopae Morteza , Napoli Antonio , Turitsyn Sergei K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The deployment of artificial neural networks-based optical channel equalizers on edge-computing devices is critically important for the next generation of optical communication systems. However, this is a highly challenging problem, mainly due to the computational complexity of the artificial neural networks (NNs) required for the efficient equalization of nonlinear optical channels with large memory. To implement the NN-based optical channel equalizer in hardware, a substantial complexity reduction is needed, while keeping an acceptable performance level. In this work, we address this problem by applying pruning and quantization techniques to an NN-based optical channel equalizer. We use an exemplary NN architecture, the multi-layer perceptron (MLP), and address its complexity reduction for the 30 GBd 1000 km transmission over a standard single-mode fiber. We demonstrate that it is feasible to reduce the equalizer’s memory by up to 87.12%, and its complexity by up to 91.5%, without noticeable performance degradation. In addition to this, we accurately define the computational complexity of a compressed NN-based equalizer in the digital signal processing (DSP) sense and examine the impact of using different CPU and GPU settings on power consumption and latency for the compressed equalizer. We also verify the developed technique experimentally, using two standard edge-computing hardware units: Raspberry Pi 4 and Nvidia Jetson Nano.
Development and Validation of a Psoriasis Treatment Acceptability Measure through Group Concept Mapping
Authors: Hudgens Stacie , Howerter Amy , Keith Shannon , Evans Colby , Pelletier Corey 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is a common autoimmune dermatologic condition which has a pronounced negative impact on patient quality of life and disease burden. Currently, there are a number of treatments available for psoriasis, with differences in efficacy, mechanism of action, mode of administration, adverse effects, and tolerability. However, a reliable, validated patient-reported instrument to address patient expectations and of psoriasis treatment has not been developed. This project was undertaken with the aim of developing a fit-for-purpose self-reported instrument to inform patient expectations and preferences of psoriasis treatments.Methods: Two studies, both utilizing qualitative and quantitative methods, were conducted in patients within the entire spectrum of psoriasis severity. In Study 1, a group concept mapping (GCM) exercise was conducted with dermatologists and moderate-to-severe psoriasis patients to identify concepts important in the treatment of psoriasis. In Study 2, a preliminary Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (TAQ) was developed using GCM-derived concepts from Studies 1 and 2, followed by cognitive debriefing (CD) telephone interviews of the preliminary TAQ. In Study 2, another GCM exercise was conducted with mild and newly diagnosed psoriasis patients. Psychometric analyses were performed on the TAQ to evaluate validity and reliability.Results: The Study 1 GCM exercise generated 43 concepts from moderate-to-severe psoriasis patients (n=20) and dermatologists (n=10). In Study 2, 37 GCM concepts were generated from mild and newly diagnosed psoriasis patients (n=20). From the 2 GCM exercises, 28 concepts were selected to form the preliminary TAQ; CD interviews indicated strong understanding and relevance of TAQ items among patients with disease ranging from mild to severe. The final TAQ consisted of 20 items; psychometric analysis demonstrated strong validity and reliability of the TAQ. Conclusions: The TAQ is a novel psychometrically validated fit-for-purpose patient-reported instrument to inform healthcare providers of patients’ expectations of and preferences for treatment of their psoriasis and can help in shared decision making between patients and physicians.
Fat Mass and Obesity–Associated Protein Promotes Liver Steatosis By Targeting PPARα
Authors: Wei Xiaohui , Zhang Jielei , Tang Min , Wang Xuejiao , Fan Nengguang , Peng Yongde 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. The fat mass and obesity–associated protein (FTO) has been shown to be involved in obesity; however, its role in NAFLD and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Methods: FTO expression was first examined in the livers of patients with NAFLD and animal and cellular models of NAFLD using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Next, its role in lipid accumulation in hepatocytes was assessed both in vitro and in vivo via gene overexpression and knockdown studies. Results: FTO expression was increased in the livers of mice and humans with hepatic steatosis, probably due to its decreased ubiquitination. FTO overexpression in HepG2 cells induced triglyceride accumulation, whereas FTO knockdown exerted an opposing effect. Consistent with the findings of in vitro studies, adeno-associated viruses 8 (AAV8)-mediated FTO overexpression in the liver promoted hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6J mice. Mechanistically, FTO inhibited the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in hepatocytes. Activation of PPARα by the PPARα agonist GW7647 reversed lipid accumulation in hepatocytes induced by FTO overexpression.Conclusions: Overall, FTO expression is increased in NAFLD, and it promotes hepatic steatosis by targeting PPARα.