bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Triangular Osteosynthesis with and without Robotic Assistance for Unilateral Unstable Sacral Fractures Involving Lumbosacral Junction Injuries
Authors: Liu Zhao-jie , Gu Ya , Jia Jian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTo compare the therapeutic effects of triangular osteosynthesis (TOS) with and without robotic assistance for unilateral unstable sacral fractures (USFs) involving lumbosacral junction injuries (LSJIs).Methods Patients with unilateral USF involving ipsilateral LSJI fixed with TOS were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups: the robot group (TOS with robotic assistance) and the conventional group (open reduction and TOS fixation). Screw position was assessed with Gras criterion. Patients were followed up with routine visits for clinical and radiographic examination. Clinical function outcome was recorded and scored with Majeed scoring system at last follow-up.Results Eleven patients in the robot group and seventeen patients in the conventional group were recruited into this study. Significant differences in surgical bleeding (P<0.001) and fluoroscopy times (P=0.002) were noted between the two groups. Operation time (P=0.027) and fracture healing time (P=0.041) was shorter in the robot group.There was no difference on postoperative residual displacement between the two groups (P=0.971). According to the modified Gras criterion, the percentages of grade I on sacroiliac screws were 90.9% (10/11) and 70.6% (12/17), and that on pedicle screws were 100% (11/11) and 100% (17/17), respectively. The rate of incision-related complications was 0% (0/11) in the robot group and 11.8% (2/17) in the conventional group. Statistical difference was shown on the Majeed criterion (P=0.039), with higher scores in the robot group.ConclusionTOS with robotic assistance for the treatment of USFs involving LSJIs was minimally invasive and feasible, with the advantages of decreasing fluoroscopy and incision-related complications.
Influence of Tillage and Nutrient Management Practices on Peanut Yields, Economics and Resource Efficiency in Thar Desert of South Asia
Authors: Poonia Tanuja , Kumawat S. M. , Kumar Sheilendra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Arid regions of Rajasthan province of India have very low productivity and due to hungry and thirsty soil it further affected by continuous and inappropriate tillage and fertilizer management practices. This posing a serious threat to the sustainability of peanut cultivation in these degraded soils of arid region of Thar desert. A two year study was piloted to explore the efficient tillage and fertilizer management practices and their influence on crop and water productivity and nutrient uptake in peanut. The experiment was planned with three tillage practices in main plots and six fertilizer management options in sub plots, and replicated four times. Deep tillage (DT) (25 cm) contributed significantly higher pod (2.98 Mg ha− 1), kernel (2.16Mg ha− 1), protein (0.24 Mg ha− 1), and oil (0.91 Mg ha− 1) yield which were respectively 13, 26, 26 and 28% higher over the minimum tillage (MT). DT also recorded higher water productivity and crop profitability by 12.2 and 13.3% respectively, compared to MT. MT recorded the higher energy use efficiency (EUE) by 10.2% and energy profitability (EP) by 12.5% compared to DT, respectively. Among nutrient management options peanut (20kg N + 32 kg P + 15 kg K ha− 1) (RDF) along with seed inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) recorded significantly higher pod (3.50 Mg ha− 1), kernel (2.59 Mg ha− 1), protein (0.29 Mg ha− 1), and oil (1.11 Mg ha− 1) yields compared to RDF without seed inoculation (respectively, 2.86, 2.12, 0.24 and 0.89 Mg ha− 1). Also recorded the maximum water productivity (8.27 kg ha− 1), net return (2708.32), EUE (10.89 MJ ha− 1), and EP (0.18 kg MJ− 1) over rest of the nutrient management practices. Thus, deep tillage along with RDF + PSB + AMF (2 kg ha− 1) enhanced peanut pod, kernel, protein and oil yields as well as peanut water productivity and economic returns under alkaline soils of arid region.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence to create a building that can adapt to future challenges
Authors: Maksoud Aref , Al-Beer Hayder Basel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Adaptability is a crucial quality in nature, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides leverage for adaptability in Architecture. This paper integrates AI to create self-learning buildings that can adapt to future challenges. The aim is to make buildings that collect data from their environment through sensors and adjust according to these data. The approach followed in this paper starts making an extensive research on the use of AI in Architecture. The data gathered from that research was then used to design this building. The design of this building follows a parametric approach with the help of machine learning in the form of computational design tools. An algorithm was designed with Grasshopper Scripting to generate documents that biomimetics the Coral Growth process and adapt that form to the selected site of the project. To ensure that the generated form is adaptable, multiple analyses were made, such as sunlight, radiation, and shadow analysis, before selecting the form and finishing the form development. The result was an environmentally responsive form that extends from the site's surroundings, which have high levels of adaptability. Integrating technology in the architecture of future buildings provides adaptable buildings and helps save some of the energy used by buildings and thus build a sustainable planet.
Prognostic Value of Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) to Predict Perfusion Defects in Myocardial SPECT in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
Authors: Ghodsirad Mohammadali , Arefnia Maryam , Ariani Toktam Hosseinnezhad , Alirezaei Toktam , Hosseinzadeh Elinaz , Amoui Mahasti , Pirayesh Elahe , Norouzi Ghazal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction; An increase in the average volume of platelets has been associated with poor outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess the use of myocardial perfusion scans to study the association between MPV and myocardial perfusion abnormalities in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Materials and Methods; This was a cross-sectional study. Forty-nine patients with known type 2 diabetes DM and without obvious cardiovascular symptoms and 49 healthy individuals were included. A myocardial perfusion scan was performed in rest and stress with dipyridamole/dobutamine/exercise testing. Data entered SPSS software and analyzed. A p value below 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results; In total, 98 participants including 49 patients with DM and 49 healthy individuals were included. Laboratory variables as well as cardiac scan items including Summed Stress Score (SSS), Summed Rest Score (SRS), Summed Difference Score (SDS), Ejection Fraction (EF) and End Systolic Volume (ESV) were not statistically different in the two groups. Only the average platelet count was higher in controls than diabetics. In regression analysis, by one-unit increase in MPV, the SRS increased by an average of 0.46 (CI; 0.08-0.83 β: 0.46), only in healthy controls.Discussion and Conclusion; MPV is a predictor of myocardial perfusion defects, which could be measured easily for patients in different clinical scenarios as a herald for coronary artery disease, especially in healthy individuals.
Phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of the leaves and stem bark of Symphonia globulifera L.f. and Allophylus abyssinicus (Hochst.) Radlk
Authors: Lukubye Ben , Ajayi Clement Olusoji , Wangalwa Raphael , Kagoro-Rugunda Grace 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
IntroductionSymphonia globulifera and Allophylus abyssinicus are used in the management of skin rashes and sores, cough, malaria, digestive diseases, stomach ache, wounds, helminthic infections among others in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, Cameroon. This study aimed at determining the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of these two plants.Methods The stem bark and leaves of both plants were collected from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, and air dried under shade at room temperature. Cold maceration, decoction and infusion with methanol, water and ethyl acetate as solvents were used in phytochemical extraction. Preliminary qualitative screening and thin layer chromatography were used for phytochemical profiling. Antimicrobial activity was analysed by Agar well diffusion assay, macro broth dilution assay and fractional inhibition concentration index. ResultsLeaves and stem bark of both plants have a diverse set of phytochemical compounds of variable polarity including, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, quinones, anthraquinones among others. Generally, methanol and water extracts of S. globulifera and A. abyssinicus had in-vitro bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but weak fungistatic activity against Candida albicans. Allophylus abyssinicus Leaf water and Symphonia globulifera Leaf methanol extract combination had a synergistic activity (ΣFICI=0.37) against S. aureus. Similarly, Allophylus abyssinicus stem bark water extract and A. abyssinicus leaf water extract combination had an additive effect (ΣFICI=1) against P. aeruginosa.ConclusionThe leaves and stem bark extracts of S. globulifera and A. abyssinicus possess antimicrobial bioactive compounds against both gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. They could therefore offer potential sources of novel antibiotics.
The Human Long Noncoding RNA Wilms Tumour 1 Antisense Locus, from an Evolutionary Perspective to Functional Insights
Authors: Meza Thuluz , Lozada-Grajales Rosa , Rasool Akthar , Sierra Claudia , Gallegos-García Verónica , Lalanne-Melgar Guiomar , Zepeda-Hernández Rosana , Esqu Adriana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A critical examination of diffuse double layer alterations in clay-electrolyte systems at elevated temperatures
Authors: AL-Bazali Talal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The objective of this work was to explore the impact of temperature on shale swelling and explain it in terms of diffuse double layer mechanics; Debye Hückel length alterations. This was made possible through the use of our newly developed thermo linear swelling test. Moreover, combined impact of temperature, dielectric constant of water and ionic strength (ionic concentration) of salt solutions on Debye Hückel length and resultant shale swelling and shrinkage was investigated. For dilute solutions, results showed that the product of temperature and dielectric constant of water (T*er) remained near constant for a wide range of temperature (25C – 90C). When shale interacted with 12% and 20% w/w NaCl and CaCl2 solutions, the % change in shale shrinkage as temperature incrementally increased from 25C to 90C is quite large and cannot be neglected. Results suggests that dielectric constant of water may have been reduced by both temperature and ionic strength of solution, all of which caused a greater reduction in Debye Hückel length and subsequent shale shrinkage. As for saturated NaCl and CaCl2 solutions, shale exhibited swelling behavior at moderate temperatures (up to 50C for NaCl and up to 70C for CaCl2) followed by shale shrinkage thereafter. This could be attributed to the development of repulsive forces between alike ions with diffuse double layer which may have overcome their electrostatic screening effect on charged clay surfaces. At higher temperatures, the contribution of dielectric constant of water on lowering Debye Hückel length may have soften the repulsion action produced by ions.
Sagittal Femoral Bowing Contributes to Distal Femoral Valgus Angle Deviation in Malrotated Preoperative Radiographs
Authors: Kokubu Yasuhiko , Kawahara Shinya , Hamai Satoshi , Akasaki Yukio , Tsushima Hidetoshi , Momii Kenta , Nakashima Yasuharu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The coronal whole-leg radiograph is generally used for preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty. The distal femoral valgus angle (DFVA) is measured for distal femoral bone resection using an intramedullary guide rod. The effect of coronal and sagittal femoral shaft bowing on DFVA measurement in the presence of malrotation or knee flexion contracture has not been well reported. The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the effects of whole-leg malrotation and knee flexion contracture on the DFVA in detail, (2) to determine the additional effect of coronal or sagittal femoral shaft bowing.
Methods
We studied 100 consecutive varus and 100 valgus knees that underwent total or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Preoperative CT scans were used to create digitally reconstructed radiography (DRR) images in neutral rotation (NR, parallel to the surgical epicondylar axis), and at 5° and 10° external rotation (ER) and internal rotation (IR). The images were also reconstructed at 10° femoral flexion. The DFVA was evaluated in each DRR image, and the angular variation due to lower limb malposition was investigated.
Results
The DFVA increased as the DRR image shifted from IR to ER, and all angles increased further from extension to 10° flexion. The DFVA variation in each position was 1.3° on average. A larger variation than 2° was seen in 12% of all. Multivariate regression analysis showed that sagittal femoral shaft bowing was independently associated with a large variation of DFVA. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that more than 12° of sagittal bowing caused the variation.
Conclusion
If femoral sagittal bowing is more than 12°, close attention should be paid to the lower limb position when taking whole-leg radiographs. Preoperative planning with whole-leg CT data should be considered.
Computational Study of Novel Natural Inhibitors Targeting Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS) G12C
Authors: Ge Junliang , Yuan Meng , Lin Jialin , Ren Junan , Dou Gaojing , Yang Laiyu , Zhou Yang , Xie Haoqun , Wang Xinhui , Zhong Sheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive and rapidly fatal type of malignant lung tumor. Molecular docking and virtual screening were effectively and systematically used to identify specific targets in malignant tumors and screen potential drugs. Here, we screen perfect leading compounds from a medicate library (ZINC15 database) and analyze their properties (conveyance, absorption, metabolism, and excretion and harmless forecasts) with potential inhibition of Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog G12C. Further results demonstrated that ZINC000013817014 and ZINC000004098458 were screened out from the ZINC15 database and were identified to have a much better binding affinity and more favorable interaction vitality binding with KRAS G12C and less rat carcinogenicity, Ames mutagenicity, way better dissolvability in water and non-inhibition with cytochrome P-450 2D6. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis indicated that the binding capacity of these two compounds and KRAS G12C, ZINC000013817014-KRAS G12C and ZINC000004098458-KRAS G12C is stable in the natural environment. Our findings reveal that ZINC000013817014 and ZINC000004098458 were perfect leading compounds to be inhibitions binding with KRAS G12C, which were selected as safe drug candidates and a cornerstone for KRAS G12C related medicine plan and improvement. It establishes a solid framework for systematic anticancer medication research and development.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 attenuates foodborne Bacillus cereus-induced the NLRP3 inflammasome activity in bovine mammary epithelial cells by protecting intercellular tight junctions
Authors: Shan Qiang , Liu Ning , Wang Xue , Zhu Yaohong , Wang Jiufeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) is one of the important pathogens of human food poisoning that causes diarrhea and vomiting. B. cereus can induce mastitis with strong survival ability, which cannot be inactivated by high-temperature short-time pasteurization conditions. Therefore, B. cereus has the opportunity to enter the market through pasteurized milk and dairy products, causing great hidden dangers to food safety and human health. Results: In this study, B. cereus 2101 (BC) was isolated from dairy cow milk samples with mastitis. BC secreted HBL, NHE, InhA, Hemolysin A, Hemolysin III, CytK, EntFM, and tolerated to AMP, AMC, AZI, CZ, CIP, STR, and TE. BC grew rapidly with strong hemolysis, which caused great difficulties in the prevention of mastitis and food security. MAC-T cells were treated with BC and / or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 (LGR-1), and the results showed that pretreatment with LGR-1 protected the integrity of tight junction and the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin destroyed by BC. Besides, we also found out that pretreatment with LGR-1 reduced the expression of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase1 p20, GSDMD p30, inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-18) and cell death induced by BC. These indicators are related to the NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Moreover, pretreatment with LGR-1 reduced the NLRP3 inflammasome activity, and increased the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin induced by LPS + ATP stimulation. MAC-T cells were transfected with NLRP3 siRNA for 5 h or MCC950 (NLRP3 inhibitor) for 0.5 h and / or treated with BC and / or LGR-1 for 3 h. NLRP3-siRNA transfection and MCC950 attenuated the NLRP3 inflammasome activity induced by BC. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and cell death suggested that the inflammatory pathway might play an important role in the induction of NLRP3 inflammasome by BC and the protection of LGR-1. Conclusions: These results suggest that LGR-1 might be a probiotic for the alternative to antibiotics and could be administered to prevent mastitis in dairy cows to ensure food security.
The Influence of Regions of Interest on Tractography Virtual Dissection Protocols: General Principles to Learn and to Follow
Authors: Rheault Francois , Schilling Kurt G. , Obaid Sami , Begnoche John , Cutting Laurie E. , Descoteaux Maxime , Landman Bennett A. , Petit Laurent 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Efficient communication across fields of research is challenging, especially when they are at opposite ends of the physical and digital spectrum. Neuroanatomy and neuroimaging may seem close to each other, but the terminology and processes to study the brain can be very different. More specifically, investigations of white matter anatomy are susceptible to this challenge. This gap creates disagreement on ways to define the same underlying anatomy. Even when trying to isolate the same structure, according to a specific anatomical definition, it is a non-trivial task to convert the neuroanatomical knowledge to instructions and rules to be executed in neuroimaging software. In the process called “virtual dissection” used to isolate coherent white matter structure in tractography, each white matter pathway has its own set of landmarks (regions of interest) used as inclusion and exclusion criteria. The ability to reproducibly segment and study these pathways is critical for scientific progress, yet, variability may depend on region placement, and the investigator placing the region (i.e a rater).When rater variability is taken into account, the impact made by each region of interest becomes even more difficult to interpret. A delicate balance between anatomical validity, impact on the virtual dissection and raters reproducibility emerge. In this work, we investigate this balance by leveraging manual delineation data of a group of raters from a previous study to quantify which set of landmarks and criteria contribute most to variability in virtual dissection. To supplement our analysis, the variability of each pathway with a region-by-region exploration was performed. We present a detailed exploration and description of each region, the causes of variability, its impacts and potential solutions for future protocols. Finally, we provide a brief overview of the lessons learned from our previous virtual dissection projects and propose recommendations for future virtual dissection protocols as well as perspectives to reach better community agreement when it comes to anatomical definitions of white matter pathways.
Complete Genome Analysis of a Novel Iflavirus From a Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma Delicatula
Authors: Wang Yi-Zhe , Ye Zhuang-Xin , Chen Jian-Ping , Zhang Chuan-Xi , Li Jun-Min , Huang Hai-Jian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula, is an invasive pest that causes serious economic losses to fruit and wood. Here, we identified a novel iflavirus from the spotted lanternfly, temporarily named Lycorma delicatula iflavirus 1 (LDIV1). The full genome sequence of LDIV1 was 10,222 nt in length, which encoded a polyprotein that contained a picornavirus capsid-protein-domain-like domain, a cricket paralysis virus capsid superfamily domain, a RNA helicase domain, a peptidase C3 superfamily domain, and a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain. LDIV1 efficiently replicated in host insect and activated the small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based host antiviral immunity. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that LDIV1 was the closest to Picornavirales sp, with 61.7% sequence identity in the RdRp region, and 57.6% sequence identity in the coat protein region, which met the demarcation criteria of new species in the genus Iflavirus. To the best of our knowledge, LDIV1 is the first virus discovered in L. delicatula.
A New Event-triggered Control Strategy for Multi-agent Systems
Authors: Sun Zhen , Zhang Fuchen , Lin Da 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper studies the consensus tracking control of multi-agent systems with noise and external disturbances. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, a robust adaptive controller is proposed to compensate the uncertainty of system parameters and external disturbances. The main contribution of this paper is to ensure consensus in multi-agent systems with noise and external disturbances. Numerical simulations show the validity of the theoretical results.