bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A disorder in executive functions crosses traditional diagnostic borders of the schizophrenia-bipolar spectrum
Authors: Szendi Md Habil I. , Pajkossy P. , Bagi A. , Marián M. , Szőllősi Á. , Racsmány M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionOur series of studies in the spectrum of psychosis (schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, schizoaffective disorder) is based on the concept of the RDoC system.ObjectivesIn this study, we were interested in knowing whether cross-diagnostic disturbances in cognitive functions can be found in the spectrum and whether they predict clinical symptoms.MethodsIn the study, N = 66 schizophrenic (M = 38.2 ± 9.37 years, 26 women), N = 30 bipolar (M = 47.4 ± 9.35 years, 19 women), N = 33 schizoaffective (M = 39.8 years± 11.3 years, 21 women) and N = 28 healthy subjects (M = 36.5 ± 9.9 years, 14 women) participated. All subjects underwent the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Raven Test, Digit Span Test, Visual Patterns Test, Letter and Semantic Fluency tests, Metaphor and Irony Comprehension, Directed Forgetting, Stop Signal Test, and Lexical Decision Task. In addition, symptom rating scales were administered (PANSS, SANS, YMRS, MADRS).ResultsBased on our results, the performance of the WCST-deficient group lagged behind the WCST-non-deficient group and the healthy control group in most executive control tests. Importantly, this effect was independent of diagnosis, so it appeared in all three patient groups. Members of the deficit group had a higher rate of negative symptoms.ConclusionsDisruption of executive functions is a transdiagnostic feature of the schizophrenia-bipolar spectrum, which could be associated with any diagnosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Long-term brain changes in bipolar disorder
Authors: Landén M. , Liberg B. , Abé C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe term “neuroprogression” imply that bipolar disorder (BD) progressively worsens for some patients and accompanying neuroanatomical changes. BD has indeed been associated with cortical and subcortical brain abnormalities. But cross-sectional studies cannot determine whether the observed brain alterations reflect static premorbid traits or whether they result from progressive changes during the course of illness.ObjectivesThe aims of this series of studies were to determine if progressive brain changes occur in bipolar disorder, and if so, what the drivers of these changes are.MethodsWe addressed these questions in the St. Göran cohort – a longitudinal study where patients and controls undergo structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at baseline and after 7 years. We have also conducted a longitudinal multicenter study within the ENIGMA consortium including 307 patients and 925 healthy controls scanned at two time points.ResultsWe addressed these questions in the St. Göran cohort – a longitudinal study where patients and controls undergo structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at baseline and after 7 years. We have also conducted a longitudinal multicenter study within the ENIGMA consortium including 307 patients and 925 healthy controls scanned at two time points.ConclusionsBD is associated with some (accelerated ventricular enlargement) but not global progressive brain changes (change in cortical structures do not differ from controls). Occurrence of manic episodes is, however, associated with accelerated cortical thinning over time. These results highlight the importance of preventing the potentially toxic effects of manic episodes and might explain why some patients experience worsening cognitive function.DisclosureML has received lecture honoraria (unrelated to this topic) from Lundbeck pharmaceuticals.
The potential protein marker of bipolar disorder
Authors: Seregin A. , Dmitrieva E. , Simutkin G. , Ivanova S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDifficulties in the diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with a lack of understanding of the mechanisms of its pathogenesis. Identification of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of BD will bring us closer to an understanding of its mechanisms and can help in diagnosis.ObjectivesThe search of proteomic biomarkers of bipolar disorder.MethodsWe performed a proteomic analysis of the serum of 16 healthy people and 33 patients with BD. Patients were hospitalized in an acute state of the depressive phase, and they did not receive therapy for more than 6 months. Blood was collected before the start of therapy. Serum was purified from major proteins by affinity chromatographyandseparatedby1D-electrophoresis. After trypsinolysis, the proteins were identified by HPLC/mass spectrometry. The ELISA kit was used to determine the amount of zNMDAR1.ResultsWe identified a protein that does not occur in healthy people: a subunit of the glutamate NMDA receptor zeta-1 (zNMDAR1). As a result, we found a statistically significant (p = 0.037) almost fivefold increase in the concentration of this protein in the serum of patients with bipolar disorder (0.64 [0.18; 0.78] ng/ml) compared with healthy individuals.ConclusionsThus, in bipolar disorder NMDAR is damaged, which can lead appearance of their subunits in the serum, and which indicated a violation of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Then this protein claims the role of markers of bipolar disorder. Mass spectrometric analysis was carried out of the “Human Proteome” Core Facility of the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry Moscow. RSW project, state registration number AAAA-A19-119020690013-2.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Digital Mental Health: Towards Personalised Care in Psychiatry
Authors: Myin-Germeys I. 
Published: September 2022

Within psychiatry, there is a need for more personalized and person-centered care. Whereas the focus has largely been on the search for biomarkers to advance the field, I will focus on the use of digital technology to further personalized care in psychiatry. I will discuss how using a structured diary applet could help in developing a much more fine-grained understanding of how psychopathology emerges in the realm of ordinary life, often in interaction with contextual factors. This digital mobile health tool makes patients active partners in the clinical process as they will have to actively collect their own data. This will not only increase empowerment and self-management, it also will allow to provide more detailed evaluations of both medical and psychological interventions, it will point towards individualized treatment goals as well as provide a tool for shared decision making. In addition, I will discuss the possibility of digital mobile health tools for blended care, where standard clinical therapeutic interventions are extended outside the therapy room into the daily life of people. I will give some examples of such Ecological Momentary Interventions, where digital tools are used to offer psychological intervention in daily life, with a specific focus on young people.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Cognitive function in bipolar disorder
Authors: Sparding T. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn bipolar disorder, cognitive deficits persist across mood episodes and euthymia. Despite recent advances, cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder remains poorly understood. The presentation will focus on recent work where different approaches are used to clarify the role of cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder.ObjectivesFirst, we have examined the clinical relevance of cognitive impairments and examined if cognitive abilities differ between bipolar disorder subtypes and healthy controls. Second, we examined if cognitive abilities differ between individuals with bipolar disorder with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Third, we examined the relationship between cognitive functioning and occupational functioning. Lastly, we examined if long-term changes in cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder patients differ from normal aging.MethodsThe St. Göran Bipolar Project is an interdisciplinary, prospective, naturalistic study of bipolar disorder. Patients were recruited and followed-up at two specialized out-patient clinics in Stockholm and Gothenburg, Sweden.ResultsWe showed that there is evidence for significant cognitive heterogeneity in bipolar disorder. Comorbid ADHD could not explain this heterogeneity. Moreover, we showed that excutive functioning is a powerful predictor of occupational functioning. The cognitive trajectory over a 6-year period did not differ between bipolar disorder patients and healthy controls.ConclusionsThere is no conclusive cognitive profile characterizing bipolar disorder. However, cognitive functioning is of great importance in understanding occupational functioning in bipolar disorder. Contrary to the assumption that cognitive impairments may be progressive we show that changes in cognitive functioning over time do not differ between patients and healthy controls.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Binge Eating Disorder in Patients with Bipolar Disorder and Relationship with Clinical Features
Authors: Karabiyik B. , Sahmelikoglu Onur O. , Karamustafalioglu N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCurrent studies indicate a strong relationship between Eating Disorders and obesity, while studies on Bipolar Disorder (BPD) show that patients with BPD form an important risk group in terms of obesity.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) in patients diagnosed with euthymic Bipolar Disorder 1 (BPD 1), and the relationship between their clinical featuresMethodsThis study included 150 patients between 18-65 years of age, diagnosed with euthymic BPD 1 according to DSM 5 criteria. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders, Structured Sociodemographic Form, Young Mania Scale, Beck Depression Scale, Eating Disorders Assessment Scale (EDAS) , Eating Attitude Test (EAT) were applied to participants.ResultsA diagnosis of BED was detected in 19.3% of the patients. Body weight, highest weight and BMI values were significantly higher in those who were diagnosed with BED compared to those who were not diagnosed with BED. Most of the diagnosed with BED are women; gender was found to be determinant for BED. The total and subscale scores of EAT and EDAS of those with a diagnosis of BED were statistically significantly higher than those who did not. The rate of attacks with psychotic symptoms, rapid cycling and presence of suicide attempt were significantly higher in those with a diagnosis of BED compared to those who did not.ConclusionsBED may be frequent in BPD 1 patients. Noticing BED in BPD1 patients might help both the more effective treatment of BPD and the prevention of obesity.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Impact of childhood trauma on impulsivity in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Bougacha D. , Ellouze S. , Jenhani R. , Ghachem R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionChildhood trauma has been demonstrated to be associated with several indicators of worse course in bipolar disorder (BD). Links between early adversity and the complexity of the disorder might be mediated by various dimensions of psychopathology, such as impulsivity.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of traumatic childhood experiences on impulsivity in individuals with bipolar disorder.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study. Sixty-one euthymic patients with bipolar disorder were recruited in the department of psychiatry B of Razi Hospital, during their follow-up. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) were used to assess childhood traumatic experiences and impulsivity.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 43.4. The sex ratio was 2.4. The mean score obtained on the Bis-11 scale was 74.8. More than half of patients (53%) had high levels of impulsivity. Almost two-thirds of patients (64%) had experienced at least one type of childhood trauma. Higher scores on the various dimensions of childhood trauma apart from physical neglect, were significantly associated with higher total BIS-11 score as well as with all its subscales. Linear regression with the CTQ total score as the independent variable showed a statistically significant effect of childhood trauma score on attentional impulsivity.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that interventions that target impulsive behavior in individuals with bipolar disorder should pay particular attention to traumatic childhood experiences. Furthermore, early identification and management of childhood trauma may reduce levels of impulsivity and thus improve the outcome and prognosis of bipolar disorder.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Comparison of two questionnaire for subjective symptoms of dry eye in patinents with schizophrenia
Authors: Bakija I. , Filipcic I. , Bogadi M. , Kaštelan S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPsychiatric disorders may be one of considerable contributing factors for dry eye symptoms and the severity of subjective symptoms of dry eye are often related to psychological factors.ObjectivesThe aim of this research was to determine which of two chosen questionnaires for subjective symptoms of dry eye (Ocular Surface Disease Index and Schein questionnaire) is more reliable in the assessment of dry eye in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsOur research included 80 patients of both sexes with schizophrenia ranging between the age of 25 and 55 who have been taking antipsychotics (clozapin, olanzapin, quetiapin) for five years and were in remission. All participants were required to satisfy all included and excluded criteria. They all filled out the Schein and OSDI questionnaires for assessment of subjective symptoms. Tear break-up time test (TBUT) for objective evaluation of tear film stability was also performed. In order to determine the correlation between two subjective and objective tests we calculated Spearmans correlation coefficients.ResultsA analysis shows that there are no statistically significant differences between the correlations. Both subjective questionnaires are statistically significantly and negatively related to the TBUT test, showing that an increase in the results on the OSDI and Schein’s questionnaires led to the decreases in the results on the TBUT test.ConclusionsIn patients with schizophrenia the OSDI and Schein questionnaires are equally reliable in the assessment of subjective symptoms of Dry eye disease. Considering that, OSDI is more common in clinical practice, it is recommended for use in patients with schizophrenia.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychotic symptoms in Cushing’s syndrome secondary to ACTH-secreting lung carcinoid tumor: report of a case
Authors: Llimona González A. , Oller Canet S. , Mayans J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCushing’s syndrome is a hormonal disorder caused by chronic exposure to excess glucocorticoids, either exogenous or endogenous. The bronchial carcinoid tumor is an extremely rare origin, described in less than 1% of cases. The most frequent psychiatric symptoms are depression and anxiety, with manic and psychotic symptoms being less frequent. Psychotic symptoms are difficult to manage, as they are usually resistant to antipsychotic treatment, which is why it is considered an indication for medical treatment of Cushing’s syndrome.ObjectivesTo give visibility to this type of psychotic disorders of organic origin to deepen their study as well as raise awareness among professionals dedicated to clinical care with the intention of improving their prevention.MethodsA description of a clinical case is made, accompanied by a bibliographic review on psychosis of endogenous corticosteroid origin.ResultsWe describe the case of a 44-year-old woman who was admitted to the charge of Internal Medicine due to Cushing’s syndrome. During her admission, she presented a debut of positive psychotic symptoms, so the liaison psychiatry team followed her up. She was diagnosed with an ACTH-secreting lung carcinoid tumor.ConclusionsThis entity should be taken into account in cases of atypical psychosis in patients with compatible phenotypic characteristics.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
What ePROs are telling us about patients with substance use disorder
Authors: Krasteva S. , Apostolov Z. , Kozhuharov H. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDespite the high prevalence of substance use disorders, the majority of affected individuals do not seek any medical help or receive treatment targetting mainly symptoms of intoxication, withdrawal or general medical conditions due to chronic use of psychoactive substances. Patients with substance use disorders are more likely to remain undiagnosed regarding other psychiatric illnesses. Electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePRO) provide an easy-to-use instrument for detailed assessment at low economic cost.ObjectivesTo assess patients’ attitude towards self-reporting of symptoms related to substance use, mood, anxiety, quality of sleep, medication intake, social performance, and psychotic symptoms.MethodsMobile application consisting of seven questionnaires (Mood, Anxiety, Substance Use, Sleep, Medication, Social Activity and Various symptoms) was offered for use to patients with substance use disorder. Enrolled subjects were encouraged to use the app to report their actual condition in accordance with their own willingness and lifestyle.ResultsThroughout the study a total of 1077 completed questionnaires were submitted, of which 193 (17.9%) were on mood, 188 (17.5%) - on substance use, 187 (17.4%) – on sleep, 155 (14.4%) – on anxiety, 139 (12.9%) – on medication intake, 111 (10.3%) – on psychotic symptoms, and 104 (9.7%) – on social performance.ConclusionsOur research revealed that patients with substance use disorder are likely to share concerns regarding variety of psychiatric symptoms besides these attributed to their primary diagnosis. Implementation of ePROs can be a valuable tool for in-depth assessment and subsequent meeting the needs of such patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Whis is the opinion of Italian psychiatrists regarding Telepsychiatry?
Authors: Orsolini L. , Volpe U. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionItaly was the first European country to face up with COVID-19 pandemic, which posed challenges to National Health System (NHS), including the need to adapt mental health services/infrastructures and implement digitalization.ObjectivesDespite telepsychiatry (ie., delivery of psychiatric care remotely through IT), is extensively used in non-European countries, only during the COVID-19 pandemic, became a convincing alternative to face-to-face modality for many psychiatrists in their clinical practice. Our aim was investigating Italian psychiatrists’ opinion about telepsychiatry.MethodsA questionnaire, disseminated during the third Italian phase, constituted by three sections (socio-demographic, opinions and personal experience about/with telepsychiatry) was build by adapting the 42-item questionnaire by Schubert (2019) and CAMH’s Client Experience Survey from the psychiatrist’s perspective.Results90 questionnaires were collected from a sample of 54 women (60%) with an average age of 43(SD=11.4). Mostly were psychiatrists (85.6%) working in NHS (66.7%) with an average working years of 13.7(SD=11.5) and a previous experience in telepsychiatry (71.1%). Overall, participants do not believe that telepsychiatry is comparable with face-to-face modality. A significant positive opinion was reported among younger psychiatrists compared to those more experienced, regarding efficacy, feasibility and mental health access (p<0.05). No significant differences were reported in psychiatrists’ opinion, according to the level of telepsychiatry use in their clinical practice.ConclusionsOverall, sufficient digital skills and knowledge of technological tools are evident among younger psychiatrists who also appeared to be more prone to implement telepsychiatry in their clinical practice.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Assessment of functionality and scientific evidence of mobile health applications (mHealth apps) for people with dementia and their caregivers
Authors: Zeiler M. , Chmelirsch C. , Kolominsky-Rabas P.L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThere is a rapid increase in the use of mHealth apps to provide care and support to people with deminetia (pwd) and their caregivers.ObjectivesFunctionality as well as scientific evidence of mHealth apps were analysed from a Health Technology Assessment (HTA) perspectiveMethodsmHealth apps for pwd and their caregivers were identified in the app stores and assessed for functionality and methodological quality of the underlaying scientific evidence. Functionality was assessed with the Mobile App Rating Scale-German (MARS- G), methodological quality of studies using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklists.ResultsA total of 20 mHealth apps for were identified via systematic search in the Apple App Store and the Google Play Store. The overall quality of the apps can be rated medium with a mean score of 3.38. Studies have been published for only 30% of the apps (n = 6). 13 studies were included in the assessment of methodological quality, but the app itself was the object of study in only 2 publications. In summary methodological weaknesses such as small group sizes, a short study duration and insufficient comparative therapy were frequent.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the majority of apps is lacking reliable scientific evidence. To support pwd and caregivers as end users in their choice standardised HTA criteria has to be defined and applied for mHealth apps.The Digital Dementia Registry Bavaria (digiDEM Bayern) is funded by the Bavarian Ministry of Health (No.: G42d-G8300-2017/1606-381).PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42021260309.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Is frailty a predictor of mortality in late-life depression?
Authors: Arts M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFrailty is a clinical phenotype that predicts negative health outcomes including mortality. Similar to frailty, late-life depression is also associated with increased mortality rates.ObjectivesOur objective was to examine whether frailty and frailty related biomarkers predict mortality among depressed older patients.MethodsAmong 378 older patients (≥60 years) with a depressive disorder (DSM-IV criteria) we examined whether frailty predicts time-to-death during a six-year follow-up using Cox-regression analyses adjusted for confounders. Baseline data were collected between 2007 and September 2010. Frailty was defined according to Fried’s criteria (muscle weakness, slowness, exhaustion, low activity level, unintended weight loss). Similarly, we examined the predictive value of three inflammatory markers, vitamin D level, and leucocyte telomere length, and whether these effects were independent of the frailty phenotype.ResultsDuring follow-up, 26.2% frail depressed patients died compared to 12.7% non-frail depressed patients (p<.001). Adjusted for confounders, the number of frailty components was associated with an increased mortality rate (HR=1.38 [95%CI: 1.06–1.78], p=.015). All biomarkers were prospectively associated with mortality, but only higher levels of hsCRP and lower levels of vitamin D were independent of frailty associated with mortality.ConclusionsFrailty identifies older patients at increased risk of adverse negative health outcomes in late-life depression. Therefore, among frail-depressed patients, treatment models that include frailty-specific interventions might reduce mortality rates.DisclosureNo significant relationships.