bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute kidney injury is associated with soluble VCAM-1 levels and short-term mortality in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Jaqueto Marcel , Alfieri Daniela Frizon , Araújo Maria Caroline Martins , Lehmann Ana Lucia Cruz Fürstenberger , Flauzino Tamires , Trevisan Emmanuelle Roberto , Nagao Maisa Rocha , Freitas Leonardo Bodner , Simão Andrea , Delfino Vinicius Daher , Lozovoy Marcell Alysson Batisti , Reiche Edna Maria Vissoci 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

An association between ischemic stroke (IS) and acute renal injury (AKI) has been reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of AKI and the potential prognostic validity of a panel of clinical and laboratory biomarkers in predicting AKI and short-term mortality after the IS. A prospective and longitudinal study enrolled 95 patients with IS, adults, both sexes. The severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The disability was determined after three-month follow-up using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and categorized as mild (mRS < 3) and moderate/severe (mRS ≥ 3). The patients were also categorized as survivors and non-survivors after the follow-up. Baseline demographic, epidemiological, and clinical data were recorded, and blood samples were obtained up to 24 h for the determination of laboratory biomarkers. Fifteen (15.7%) patients presented AKI. The proportion of IS patients with vitamin D deficiency and increased soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) levels were higher among those with AKI than those without AKI (p = 0.011, and p = 0.023, respectively). sVCAM-1 were associated with AKI after IS (p = 0.027) and the mortality was higher among those with AKI than those without AKI (p = 0.009). AKI showed better prediction value for mortality than the disability (NIHSS). The study demonstrated AKI as a common complication after IS and its association with short-term mortality. Moreover, sVCAM-1 levels were independent associated with AKI, which suggest a plausible role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of AKI after IS, as well as a potential biomarker to predict AKI in IS patients.
Direct Leaf-Peeling Method for Areca Protoplasts: a simple and efficient system for protoplast isolation and transformation in areca palm (Areca catechu)
Authors: Wang Yaodi , Wang Linxi , Liu Hongjun , Gou Bei , Hu Weiyao , Qin Li , Shen Wentao , Wang Aiming , Cui Hongguang , Dai Zhaoji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Areca palm (Areca catechu) is a woody perennial plant of both economical and medicinal importance grown in tropical and subtropical climates. Yet, the molecular biology study of areca palm is extremely impeded by its unavailability of a transformation method. An efficient protoplast isolation and transformation system could be highly desirable to overcome this barrier.
Results: Here, we described a simple and efficient method for protoplast isolation and transformation from the perennial plant areca palm. A high yield of protoplasts (2.5 × 107 protoplasts per gram of fresh leaf tissues) was obtained from the fresh light green leaflet from the newly-emerged leaf digested overnight in the enzyme solution [2% (w/v) cellulase R10, 0.5% (w/v) macerozyme R10, 0.7 M mannitol, 10 mM CaCl2, 20 mM KCl, 20 mM MES and 0.1% (w/v) BSA, pH 5.7] by the direct leaf-peeling method. The isolated areca protoplasts maintain viability and have been successfully transformed with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged plasmid (pGreen0029-GFP, 6.0 kb) via the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated transformation. Moreover, the mannitol concentration (optimal: 0.7 M) was determined as a key factor affecting areca protoplast isolation. We also demonstrated that the optimal density of areca protoplast for efficient transformation was at 1.5 × 106 cells/ml. With the optimization of transformation parameters, we have achieved a relatively high transformation efficiency of nearly 50%.
Conclusion: We have established the first efficient protocol for the high-yield isolation and transformation of areca palm protoplasts. This method shall be applied in various biological studies of areca palm, such as gene function analysis, genome editing, protein trafficking and localization and protein-protein interaction. In addition, the protoplast system offers a great genetic transformation approach for the woody perennial plant-areca palm. Moreover, the established platform may be applied in protoplast isolation and transformation for other important species in the palm family, including oil palm and coconut.
Thermoplastic Obturation of Flattened Canals with Ultrasonic Vertical Condensation: A Microtomographic Analysis
Authors: Carmo Caio Cesar Delfino Oliveira , Calefi Pedro Henrique Souza , Feitosa Alinne Patierry Pacifico de Oliveira , Vivacqua-Gomes Nilton , Alcalde Murilo Priori , Vivan Rodrigo Ricci , Duarte Marco Antônio Húngaro , Vasconcelos Bruno Carvalho 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the obturation quality of mandibular molars flattened distal canals using ultrasonic certical condensatio (UVC) compared to the continuous wave of condensation (CWC) technique through micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) assessment.
Methods
Mandibular molars were micro-CT scanned for sample homogenization, and the volume and flattening (B-L/M-D > 4) of the distal canals were determined. Thirty-six canals were then prepared with Protaper Gold instruments up to #F3 associated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, followed by passive ultrasonic irrigation. After instrumentation, the canal volume was determined in a new scan, and the roots were randomly divided and allocated to UVC and CWC groups. Fourteen days after obturation with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer, the specimens were scanned again to evaluate the filling quality.
Results
None of the fillings performed completely filled the canal area. Obturation values of 83.33% (UVC) and 89.97% (CWC) were observed; the Student’s t-test exhibited no significant difference between the techniques (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Under the conditions of this study, it was observed that none of the evaluated techniques was able to completely obturate the canals; nevertheless, UVC achieved similar results compared to the CWC technique.
Clinical Relevance:
Despite not being able to completely obturate the complex root canal anatomy, both techniques yielded satisfactory fillings. Ultrasonic vertical condensation could be an interesting clinical option for filling flattened canals, achieving a similar outcome to that of the continuous wave of condensation technique.
Non-Chaotic Limit Sets in Multi-Agent Learning
Authors: Czechowski Aleksander , Piliouras Georgios 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Non-convergence is an inherent aspect of adaptive multi-agent systems, and even basic learning models, such as the replicator dynamics, are not guaranteed to equilibriate. Limit cycles, and even more complicated chaotic sets are in fact possible even in rather simple games, including variants of the Rock-Paper-Scissors game. A key challenge of multi-agent learning theory lies in characterization of these limit sets, based on qualitative features of the underlying game. Although chaotic behavior in learning dynamics can be precluded by the celebrated Poincar\'e-Bendixson theorem, it is only applicable directly to low-dimensional settings. In this work, we attempt to find other characteristics of a game that can force regularity in the limit sets of learning. We show that behavior consistent with the Poincaré-Bendixson theorem (limit cycles, but no chaotic attractor) follows purely from the topological structure of the interaction graph, even for high-dimensional settings with an arbitrary number of players, and arbitrary payoff matrices. We prove our result for a wide class of follow-the-regularized leader (FoReL) dynamics, which generalize replicator dynamics, for binary games characterized interaction graphs where the payoffs of each player are only affected by one other player (i.e., interaction graphs of indegree one). Moreover, we provide simple conditions under which such behavior translates into efficiency guarantees, implying that FoReL learning achievestime-averaged sum of payoffs at least as good as that of a Nash equilibrium, thereby connecting the topology of the dynamics to social-welfare analysis.
Identify spatio-temporal properties of network traffic in cellular network by model checking
Authors: Yuan Zheke , Niu Jun , Lu Xurong , Yang Fangmeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cellular networks have been widely deployed and are under ever-growing communication pressure. Detecting traffic hotspots or other essential characteristics of network traffic distributions can help to adjust the base station control strategies of networks to save energy. Generally, existing approaches detect these characteristics by data analysis techniques, making the detection process generally inefficient and not automatic. Moreover, those approaches are also difficult to describe the dynamic spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of network traffics. In this paper, we propose a novel modeling and analysis approach by applying the spatio-temporal model checking technique to the detection of network traffic characteristics. First, we model the spatio-temporal evolution process of cellular network traffic by closure space model. Second, we give the logical characterizations of detection requirements by suitable Spatio-Temporal Logic of Closure Space (STLCS) formulas. Third, we verify the spatio-temporal properties in the closure space model by model checking algorithms. The experiments are illustrated on the Milan network traffic dataset and indicate that our approach can automatically and effectively detect desirable spatio-temporal properties of cellular network traffic.
DHODH inhibitors sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis via FSP1 inhibition
Authors: Mishima Eikan , Nakamura Toshitaka , Zheng Jiashuo , Zhang Weijia , Mourão André Santos Dias , Sennhenn Peter , Conrad Marcus 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The quest for novel targets breaking cancer therapeutic resistance has led to exciting efforts to leverage ferroptosis specifically in cancer cells, traditionally vulnerable to iron-dependent lipid peroxidation1. In a recent paper published in this venue, Mao et al.2 introduced mitochondrially localized dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) as an enzyme mediating ferroptosis resistance in tumor cells by reducing mitochondrial ubiquinone (CoQ10), which in turn facilitates scavenging of oxygen radicals in mitochondrial membranes.
The Gene Sequence of the Proteins of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Thomas Sunil 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted the lives of every family on this planet. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused disease and death that is unprecedented in the recent memory. The vaccines against COVID-19 have provided protection against the disease; however new strains of the virus have lowered the efficiency of the vaccines. Annotation of the virus genome would provide better diagnostics, vaccines and therapies to protect against COVID-19. This paper provides the gene sequences of the proteins of SARS-CoV-2.
Association between personality and morphology of maxillary central incisors
Authors: Paixão Sandyla , Biz Djamily , Barros Beatriz , Gondo Renata 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives: to investigate the association between personality and morphology of maxillary central incisors.
Materials and methods: 39 males and 85 females (124 participants) answered a questionnaire on their degree of satisfaction with maxillary incisors shape (smile attractiveness self-perception) and were distributed into Satisfied or Dissatisfied groups. The personality type of the participants was determined through the Enneagram Classification Test. Each participant visualized images of oval-, square and triangular-shaped teeth models and chose the most attractive dental morphology (CDM). Six calibrated dentists determined the natural dental morphology (NDM) of each participant through intraoral photographs of the maxillary incisors. The associations among variables were analyzed using the Chi-square test (p<0.05).
Results: The CDM results showed 30 oval-, 8 square-, 66 triangular-, 4 oval/triangular-, 8 oval/square-, and 8 triangular/square-shaped maxillary incisors. The NDM analysis resulted in 55 oval-, 52 square-, and 17 triangular-shaped maxillary incisors. In contrast to the Dissatisfied group, a significant association between CDM and NDM was observed in the Satisfied group (p=0.028). The associations between personality and both CDM (p=0.642) and NDM (p=0.096) were not significant.
Conclusions: The participant's personality did not influence the morphology of maxillary central incisors; however, the participant’s smile attractiveness self-perception was found the most important factor to choose tooth shape. Patients should be encouraged to participate in their dental esthetic planning.
Clinical relevance: Personality is widely considered an important parameter for dental esthetic planning; however, tooth shape is the main factor that should be prioritized to optimize patient satisfaction.
Habitat drives body size evolution in Mustelidae (Mammalia: Carnivora)
Authors: Rodrigues Andre Vieira , Grossel Laís Aline , Servino Leonardo Matheus , Diniz-Filho José Alexandre Felizola 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Body size of organisms is often associated with physiological demands and habitat structure. Several theories and models have been proposed to explain body size trends across geographical space and evolutionary time. It is proposed that herbivores are larger due to their more voluminous digestive system, allowing a longer retention time of the digested material. Simultaneously, for carnivores, it is expected that the bigger the prey, the larger the predator. Additionally, some body size trends have been attributed to climatic variation across space and habitat structure. Bergmann's Rule proposes that larger endotherms inhabit colder areas, once a larger body size promotes better heat retention due to reduced surface/volume ratio. Similarly, aquatic endotherms are larger than expected, due to analogous physiological demands to endotherms living in colder environments. Here we tested whether body size of the Mustelidae clade can be explained by diet, habitat structure or environmental temperature. We performed phylogenetic regressions to assess the relationships between body size and the aforementioned predictors in 53 species of Mustelidae. We found that neither diet nor temperature were related to body size evolution. However, habitat was related to body size, with semi aquatic species being. Mechanisms involving thermal inertia, predation pressure, better quality resources close to water and bone density are hypotheses that suggest larger body sizes evolution in semi-aquatic vertebrates. We highlight the importance of considering widely accepted ecological traits for large groups, at lower taxonomic levels, in order to expand our understanding of the maintenance of these standards on different scales.
Temperature Changes Caused by Light Curing Units on Dentine of Primary and Permanent Teeth of Different Thicknesses
Authors: Alfares Reem , Jabbour Obada 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aim
This study was performed in order to determine the temperature rise under human dentin discs of different thicknesses of primary and permanent teeth during the photo-curing process with conventional halogen lamp and LED.
Materials and methods
The current experimental study sample consisted of 160 dentin discs of different thicknesses (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mm) of which 80 dentin discs were prepared from healthy lower second primary molars and the remaining 80 dentin discs were prepared from healthy lower third permanent molars extracted surgically for various reasons. A "K" type of thermal tentacle was placed in the center of an acrylic resin base followed by the placement of a dentin disc. Then, the thermal changes was measured during the photo-curing of the composite using a second generation of light-emitting diode (LED) and quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) light curing units.
Vanadium Selenide Nanobelt Electrocatalyst for Extremely High Dopamine-Selective Detection
Authors: Chae Sudong , Woo Chaeheon , Gu Geun Ho , Kim Tae Yeong , Jeon Jiho , Kwon Hyeok Jin , Oh Seungbae , Choi Kyung Hwan , Dong Xue , Ahn Jungyoon , Asghar Ghulam , Oh Hyung-Suk , Yu Hak Ki , Kim Hyo Won , Choi Jae-Young 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Electrochemical dopamine (DA) detection has been extensively studied for the practical diagnosis of neurological disorders. A major challenge in this system is to synthesize selective and sensitive DA sensing electrocatalysts in extracellular fluids, because critical interferents such as uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA) exhibit oxidation potentials similar to those of DA. Herein, we report an extremely selective and sensitive electrocatalyst for DA sensing prepared by vanadium selenide (V2Se9). A solution-based process for the first time was introduced to synthesize the V2Se9, showing unique DA-philic characteristic caused by exposure negative charge of crystal Se. Owing to its distinctive features, the prepared V2Se9 electrode detected only DA in the presence of concentrated interferents. Electrochemical characterization and computing simulation provide strong evidence that the extreme DA selectivity stems from close physical affinity between Se and DA, leading to the outer sphere electron transfer mechanism. This is totally different from common catechol-based oxidation process. Furthermore, nano-structured V2Se9 electrode extremely improves DA sensing ability as low as practical detection limit with maintaining inactive interferent characteristic. More interestingly, an identical unique DA-sensing ability was also observed in a V2Se9 analogue—Nb2Se9. We believe that this finding provides new insights into the effect of the analyte-philic properties of electrode materials on the electrocatalytic response for selective analyte quantification.
Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in leaves samples of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell from different geographical regions in India
Authors: Ahmed Aziz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: To determine quantitative analysis of total phenolic compound and flavonoids content and evaluate antioxidant and antibacterial activity in leaves samples of Bacopa monnieri (L.) from four different geographical regions in India.
Result: Phytochemical analysis was performed on all four leaves samples and estimation of Total phenolic and flavonoid content were carried out. Evaluation of antioxidant activities such as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity, ferric reducing power and antibacterial activity in different solvent extracts of leaves samples from four different geographical regions in India were performed.
The highest content of total phenolics and flavonoids were observed in leaves sample of Jammu region. Highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, H2O2 scavenging activity and ferric reducing power were observed in leaves samples of Jammu. Maximum zone of inhibition against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus was reported with ethanol extract of leaves sample of Jammu. Maximum zone of inhibition against bacteria Bacillus subtilis was reported with chloroform extract of leaves sample of Kerala. Maximum zone of inhibition against bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa was reported with ethanol extract of leaves sample of Jammu. Maximum zone of inhibition against bacteria Escherichia coli was reported with ethanol extract of leaves sample of Kerala.
Conclusion: Excellent antioxidant activity was given by extract of leaves samples of Jammu. So they can be used as natural antioxidants after isolation and purification. Excellent antibacterial activity was reported in leaves samples of Jammu and Kerala.
Automating the Mapping of Course Learning Outcomes to Program Learning Outcomes using Natural Language Processing for Accurate Educational Program Evaluation
Authors: Zaki Nazar , Turaev Sherzod , Shuaib Khaled , Krishnan Anusuya , Mohamed Elfadil A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Quality control and assurance plays a fundamental role within higher education contexts. One means by which quality control can be performed is by mapping the course learning outcomes (CLOs) to the program learning outcomes (PLO). This paper describes a system by which this mapping process can be automated and validated. The proposed AI-based system automates the mapping process through the use of natural language processing. The framework underwent testing using two actual datasets from two educational programs, and the findings were promising. A testament to the potential of the suggested framework was the precision of the mapping detected (83.1% and 88.1% for the two programs, respectively) compared to the mapping performed by the domain experts. A web-based tool was created to help teachers and administrators execute automatic mappings (https://bidac-uaeu.github.io/mapper.-html). The data and software used in this research project can be found at the following URL: https://github.com/-nzaki02/CLO-PLO
Rapid, artifact-reduced, image reconstruction for super-resolution structured illumination microscopy
Authors: Lei Ming , Wang Zhaojun , Zhao TianYu , Cai Yanan , Zhang JingXiang , Hao Huiwen , Liang YanSheng , Wang Shaowei , sun yujie , Chen Tongsheng , Bianco Piero , Oh Kwangsung 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) is finding increasing application in biomedical research due to its superior capability to visualize the subcellular dynamics in living cells. However, during image reconstruction, the artifact problem, coupled with time-consuming postprocessing procedures, limits this technique from becoming a routine imaging tool for biologists. To address these issues, an accelerated, artifact-reduced reconstruction algorithm termed Joint-Space-Frequency-Reconstruction-based Artifact Reduction algorithm (JSFR-AR-SIM) was developed by integrating a high-speed reconstruction framework with a high-fidelity optimization approach designed to suppress the sidelobe artifact. Consequently, the resulting JSFR-AR-SIM algorithm produces high-quality super-resolution images with minimal artifacts, and the reconstruction speed is increased by 600-fold, without compromising the spatial resolution. We expect this algorithm to facilitate SR-SIM as a routine tool in biomedical laboratories.
A computational model of the integration of noxious and innocuous input in the dorsal horn
Authors: Ramne Malin , Ortiz-Catalan Max 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The first site for a synaptic relay in the somatosensory nervous system is the spinal cord, where peripheral afferents synapse onto interneurons and projection neurons. Here, we present a model of the integration of noxious and innocuous somatosensory afferent input in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. This model specifically examines the interaction of nociceptive responsive, innocuous responsive, and inhibitory interneurons, all of which receive afferent input from the periphery and in turn synapse onto projection neurons that transmit information to supraspinal neural circuits for further processing. We modeled the dynamics of these neuronal populations using a rate-based Wilson-Cowan approach. The model successfully recreates common observations related to noxious and innocuous stimulation, as well as the resulting intensity of pain. Furthermore, we explored how modifications of the synaptic connections between the different neuron populations can give rise to aberrant pain. These explorations provide insights into the possible mechanisms of neuropathic pain conditions such as phantom limb pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia.