bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigations of pectin nanostructures for enhanced percutaneous delivery of fusidic acid
Authors: Bostanudin Mohammad F. , Arafat Mosab , Tan Suk Fei , Sarker Md Zaidul I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe study aims to formulate and characterize nanoformulations produced from amphipathically‐modified pectin containing fusidic acid, making clear the importance of nanocarrier amphipathicity in boosting drug permeation through the skin. For this purpose, the amphipathically‐modified pectin (GBE‐PEC) fabrication was achieved following glycidol butyl ether modification via the nucleophilic substitution SN2 reaction, which was then characterized using thermal analysis, spectroscopic, and chromatographic tools. The materials were subsequently converted into spherical nanostructures (NSs) (size 250–290 nm; zeta potential −25 to −34 mV) via a nanoprecipitation in situ cross‐linking approach, demonstrating low viscosity and good colloidal stability under pH 4 conditions. The encapsulated fusidic acid (loading degree 14.9%) was released from GBE‐PEC NSs in a more controlled fashion, with release profiles best characterized by the Higuchi model. Interactions with HaCaT cells in vitro demonstrated no apparent cytotoxicity at application relevant conditions, with efficient cellular absorption as evidenced by flow cytometry analysis. Using Franz diffusion cells, GBE‐PEC NSs had a 2‐fold greater penetration rate through the Strat‐M® membrane than the native pectin NSs. Overall, the study has introduced new insights into the design, fabrication, characterization, and tremendous potential of NSs formulated from GBE‐PEC for percutaneous delivery of poorly penetrating actives, which merit further analysis.
Neurochemical profile of the myenteric plexus in the rat colorectal region
Authors: Kirov Todor V. , Atanasova Dimitrinka Y. , Lazarov Nikolai E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe enteric nervous system, a major subdivision of the autonomic nervous system, is known for its neurochemical heterogeneity and complexity. The myenteric plexus, one of its two principal components, primarily controls peristalsis and its dysfunction may lead to a number of gastrointestinal motility disorders. The myenteric neurons have been described to use a wide variety of neurotransmitters although no evidence has been reported for the existence of adrenergic neurons in the hindgut. This study aims at elucidating the chemical coding of neurons in the myenteric plexus of the rat colon and anorectal region with particular emphasis on cholinergic and the so‐called nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) transmitter systems. The immunostaining for choline acetyltransferase revealed an intense staining of the myenteric ganglia with clear delineation of their neuronal cell bodies and without local distributional differences in the colonic region. The myenteric ATPergic structures were mostly limited to fiber bundles surrounding unstained myenteric neurons and penetrating the two muscle layers. We also observed an abundance of intensely stained varicose substance P‐immunopositive fibers, ensheathing the immunonegative myenteric neuronal cell bodies in a basket‐like manner. Applying NADPH‐diaphorase histochemistry and nitric oxide synthase immunohistochemistry, we were able to demonstrate numerous nitrergic somata of myenteric neurons with Dogiel Type I morphology. Apart from the observed nitrergic distributional patterns, no distinct variations were found in the staining intensity or distribution of myenteric structures in the colon and anorectal area. Our results suggest that myenteric neurons in the distal intestinal portion utilize a broad spectrum of enteric transmitters, including classical and NANC transmitters.
Personal information management burden: A framework for describing nonwork personal information management in the context of inequality
Authors: Cushing Amber L. , Kerrigan Páraic 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research reports on qualitative interviews with 31 participants who are Irish parents, identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer (LGBQ), and who expressed difficulty in the process of obtaining birth certificates for their children. Our aim was to use personal information management (PIM) and personal digital archiving (PDA) as a lens to explore the invisible work that the Irish government requires of a sexual minority parent group to obtain “equal” treatment in the birth registration and birth certificate process. Our findings suggest overlap with existing information behavior research (IB) that explore invisible information work, IB as a burden, information marginalization, information vulnerability, and information overload, and the everyday in IB. We propose a new framework: personal information burden (PIM‐B) which is characterized by additional PIM activities, negative affect, lack of identity self extension to the personal information, and additional information seeking. We propose that a PIM‐B may be used as an indicator of inequality in future research.
Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis response to nerve blocks and trigger point injections
Authors: Patil Soha , Daniel Gabrielle , Tailor Yogita , Mamsaang Marjorie , Natarajan Janaki , Moody Erika , James Neha , Vyas Rakhi , Shrikhande Allyson 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesBladder pain syndrome (BPS)/interstitial cystitis (IC) is a debilitating condition characterised by bladder/pelvic pain and pressure as well as persistent or recurrent urinary symptoms in the absence of an identifiable cause. It is hypothesised that in addition to organ specific visceral hypersensitivity, contributions of the hypertonic pelvic floor, peripheral sensitisation, and central sensitisation exacerbate this condition. The aim of this paper is to investigate outcomes of treating underlying neuromuscular dysfunction and neuro‐plastic mechanisms in BPS/IC patients.MethodsA retrospective chart review of 84 patients referred to an outpatient pelvic rehabilitation centre with a diagnosis of BPS/IC given to them by a urologist. All 84 patients failed to progress after completing 6 weeks of pelvic floor physical therapy and underwent an institutional review board approved protocol (IRB# 17‐0761) consisting of external ultrasound‐guided trigger point injections to the pelvic floor musculature, peripheral nerve blocks of the pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves and continued pelvic floor physical therapy once weekly for 6 weeks. Pelvic pain intensity and functionality were measured pretreatment and 3 months posttreatment using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Functional Pelvic Pain Scale (FPPS).ResultsPretreatment, mean VAS was 6.23 ± 2.68 (95% CI 5.65 to 6.80). Posttreatment mean VAS was 3.90 ± 2.63 (95% CI 3.07–4.74). Mean FPPS before treatment was 11.98 ± 6.28 (95% CI 10.63 to 13.32). Posttreatment mean FPPS was 7.68 ± 5.73 (95% CI 6.45–8.90). Analysis of subcategories within FPPS indicated highest statistically significant improvement in the categories of bladder, intercourse and working.ConclusionsAnalysis suggests the treatment was effective at ameliorating bladder pain and function including urinary urgency, frequency, and burning in BPS/IC patients.
Exploring cumulative disadvantage in early school leaving and planned post‐school pathways among those identified with special educational needs in Irish primary schools
Authors: Carroll Eamonn , McCoy Selina , Mihut Georgiana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReflecting the neglect of childhood disability in social stratification research, there is a notable dearth of research on the mechanisms underpinning disability differentials in educational outcomes. Drawing on rich longitudinal data collected at 9, 13 and 17 years as part of Ireland's ‘Growing Up in Ireland’ study, we look at the impact of special educational needs (SEN) identification in primary school on upper secondary outcomes. A bioecological framework and the Process–Person–Context–Time model allow us to understand how interactions with family, teachers, friends and school—as proximal processes—relate to early school leaving and post‐school planned pathways after accounting for personal and context characteristics. Overall, young people identified at age 9 as having SEN are at increased risk of early school leaving and are more likely to plan to attend further education and training, rather than higher education. However, after accounting for proximal processes and personal and context variables, students identified at age 9 as having SEN are no longer distinct in terms of secondary attainment and post‐school planning. Instead, these young people are more likely to experience forms of vulnerability that are important in shaping these outcomes. These key educational outcomes are strongly shaped by family and school‐related factors—both proximal processes and context characteristics—suggesting that efforts to support retention and pathway planning should be underpinned by an ecological understanding of young people's trajectories and the cumulative disadvantages they face.
Does financing strategy accelerate corporate energy transition? Evidence from green bonds
Authors: Benlemlih Mohammed , Jaballah Jamil , Kermiche Lamya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith energy transition becoming an urgent priority for companies worldwide, practitioners and policymakers are urging them to finance climate‐friendly projects. This paper investigates how the issuance of green bonds affects firms' carbon emissions and environmental performance. Our results show that green bond issuance significantly improves firms' overall environmental performance and their capacities to create new environmental technologies and processes. However, green bond issuance has a less clear effect on carbon emissions intensity and requires additional time (one or more years) before being able to improve the emissions intensity. Taken together, our study's findings clearly highlight the importance of green bonds in financing energy transition in the corporate sector and provide evidence to encourage policymakers to strengthen the legal framework relating to their issuance.
PDGFA‐associated protein 1 is a novel target of c‐Myc and contributes to colorectal cancer initiation and progression
Authors: Cui Hong‐Yong , Wei Wei , Qian Mei‐Rui , Tian Ruo‐Fei , Fu Xin , Li Hong‐Wei , Nan Gang , Yang Ting , Lin Peng , Chen Xi , Zhu Yu‐Meng , Wang Bin , Sun Xiu‐Xuan , Dou Jian‐Hua , Jiang Jian‐Li , Li Ling , Wang Shi‐Jie , Chen Zhi‐Nan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe mechanism underlying colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression remains elusive, and overall survival is far from satisfactory. Previous studies have shown that PDGFA‐associated protein 1 (PDAP1) is upregulated in several cancers including CRC. Here, we aimed to identify the cause and consequence of PDAP1 dysregulation in CRC and evaluate its role as a potential therapeutic target.MethodsMulti‐omics data analysis was performed to identify potential key players in CRC initiation and progression. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was applied to determine the expression pattern of PDAP1 in CRC tissues. Pdap1 conditional knockout mice were used to establish colitis and CRC mouse models. RNA sequencing, a phosphoprotein antibody array, western blotting, histological analysis, 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay, and interactome analysis were applied to identify the underlying mechanisms of PDAP1. A human patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model was used to assess the potential of PDAP1 as a therapeutic target.ResultsPDAP1 was identified as a potential key player in CRC development using multi‐omics data analysis. PDAP1 was overexpressed in CRC cells and correlated with reduced overall survival. Further investigation showed that PDAP1 was critical for the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Significantly, depletion of Pdap1 in intestinal epithelial cells impaired mucosal restitution in dextran sulfate sodium salt‐induced colitis and inhibited tumor initiation and growth in colitis‐associated cancers. Mechanistic studies showed that c‐Myc directly transactivated PDAP1, which contributed to the high PDAP1 expression in CRC cells. PDAP1 interacted with the juxtamembrane domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and facilitated EGFR‐mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling activation, which resulted in FOS‐related antigen 1 (FRA‐1) expression, thereby facilitating CRC progression. Notably, silencing of PDAP1 could hinder the growth of patient‐derived xenografts that sustain high PDAP1 levels.ConclusionsPDAP1 facilitates mucosal restitution and carcinogenesis in colitis‐associated cancer. c‐Myc‐driven upregulation of PDAP1 promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis of CRC cells via the EGFR‐MAPK‐FRA‐1 signaling axis. These findings indicated that PDAP1 inhibition is warranted for CRC patients with PDAP1 overexpression.
Associating transcriptomics data with inflammatory markers to understand tumour microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Bahcivanci Basak , Shafiha Roshan , Gkoutos Georgios V. , Acharjee Animesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLiver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related death globally which is estimated to reach more than 1 million deaths a year by 2030. Among liver cancer types, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 90% of the cases and is known to have a tumour promoting inflammation regardless of its underlying aetiology. However, current promising treatment approaches, such as immunotherapy, are partially effective for most of the patients due to the immunosuppressive nature of the tumour microenvironment (TME). Therefore, there is an urgent need to fully understand TME in HCC and discover new immune markers to eliminate resistance to immunotherapy.MethodsWe analyse three microarray datasets, using unsupervised and supervised methods, in an effort to discover signature genes. First, univariate, and multivariate, feature selection methods, such as the Boruta algorithm, are applied. Subsequently, an optimisation procedure, which utilises random forest algorithm with three dataset pairs combinations, is performed. The resulting optimal gene sets are then combined and further subjected to network analysis and pathway enrichment analysis so as to obtain information related to their biological relevance. The microarray datasets were analysed via the MCP‐counter, CIBERSORT, TIMER, EPIC, and quanTIseq deconvolution methods and an estimation of cell type abundances for each dataset sample were identified. The differences in the cell type abundances, between the adjacent and tumour sample groups, were then assessed using a Wilcoxon Rank Sum test (p‐value < 0.05).ResultsThe optimal gene signature sets, derived from each of the data pairs combination, achieved AUC values ranging from 0.959 to 0.988 in external validation sets using Random Forest model. CLEC1B and PTTG1 genes are retrieved across each optimal set. Among the signature genes, PTTG1, AURKA, and UBE2C genes are found to be involved in the regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation and anaphase‐promoting complex (APC) dependent catabolic process (adjusted p‐value < 0.001). Additionally, the application of deconvolution algorithms revealed significant changes in cell type abundances of Regulatory T (Treg) cells, M0 and M1 macrophages, and T CD8+ cells between adjacent and tumour samples.ConclusionWe identified ECM1 gene as a potential immune‐related marker acting through immune cell migration and macrophage polarisation. Our results indicate that macrophages, such as M0 macrophage and M1 macrophage cells, undergo significant changes in HCC TME. Moreover, our immune deconvolution approach revealed significant infiltration of Treg cells and M0 macrophages, and a significant decrease in T CD8+ cells and M1 macrophages in tumour samples.
Volatiles recovered in novel, diverse, and uncharacterized rice varieties
Authors: Beaulieu John C. , Grimm Casey C. , Obando‐Ulloa Javier M. , McClung Anna M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThere is interest in developing value added rice based products with enhanced nutritional value, however organoleptic properties are critical for product acceptance. Five diverse rice varieties, four of which were previously uncharacterized, were evaluated for volatile compounds in whole grain, milled rice, bran, and flour to determine compound differences that may affect flavor.FindingsThis is the first report of gas chromatography mass spectrometry volatiles recovered in Rondo (used for beverages and flour), Cahokia (a high protein brown rice), and two new pigmented bran varieties: Scarlett (red) and Tiara (purple) rice.ConclusionTiara delivered some of the highest levels for five key aroma‐impact volatiles known in rice (heptanal, 2‐AP, 2‐pentyl furan, benzaldehyde, guaiacol), especially regarding those varieties with pigmented bran. Cahokia also delivered a high volatile load of several compounds that indicate possible postharvest shipping/handling oxidation in the paddy rice. Several compounds were identified that are associated with pleasant fragrances in other commodities.Significance and NoveltyFive diverse rice varieties developed for specialty culinary and nutritional markets were characterized for 19 volatile compounds in whole grain and milled rice and their associated bran and flour. These volatiles may impact organoleptic properties influencing utilization of these varieties for future value added product development.
Molecular Magnetic Materials Based on {CoIII(Tp*)(CN)3}− Cyanidometallate: Combined Magnetic, Structural and 59Co NMR Study
Authors: De Siddhartha , Flambard Alexandrine , Xu Buqin , Chamoreau Lise‐Marie , Gontard Geoffrey , Lisnard Laurent , Li Yanling , Boillot Marie‐Laure , Lescouëzec Rodrigue 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe cyanidocobaltate of formula fac‐PPh4[CoIII(Me2Tp)(CN)3] ⋅ CH3CN (1) has been used as a metalloligand to prepare polynuclear magnetic complexes (Me2Tp=hydrotris(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)borate). The association of 1 with in situ prepared [FeII(bik)2(MeCN)2](OTf)2 (bik=bis(1‐methylimidazol‐2‐yl)ketone) leads to a molecular square of formula {[CoIII{(Me2Tp)}(CN)3]2[FeII(bik)2]2}(OTf)2 ⋅ 4MeCN ⋅ 2H2O (2), whereas the self‐assembly of 1 with preformed cluster [CoII2(OH2)(piv)4(Hpiv)4] in MeCN leads to the two‐dimensional network of formula {[CoII2(piv)3]2[CoIII(Me2Tp)(CN)3]2 ⋅ 2CH3CN}∞ (3). These compounds were structurally characterized via single crystal X‐ray analysis and their spectroscopic (FTIR, UV‐Vis and 59Co NMR) properties and magnetic behaviours were also investigated. Bulk magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that 1 is diamagnetic and 3 is paramagnetic throughout the explored temperature range, whereas 2 exhibits sharp spin transition centered at ca. 292 K. Compound 2 also exhibits photomagnetic effects at low temperature, selective light irradiations allowing to promote reversibly and repeatedly low‐spin⇔high‐spin conversion. Besides, the diamagnetic nature of the Co(III) building block allows us studying these compounds by means of 59Co NMR spectroscopy. Herein, a 59Co chemical shift has been used as a magnetic probe to corroborate experimental magnetic data obtained from bulk magnetic susceptibility measurements. An influence of the magnetic state of the neighbouring atoms is observed on the 59Co NMR signals. Moreover, for the very first time, 59Co NMR technique has been successfully introduced to investigate molecular materials with distinct magnetic properties.
A comprehensive review on the synthesis techniques of porous materials for gas separation and catalysis
Authors: Sharma Vikrant , Agrawal Ankit , Singh Omvir , Goyal Reena , Sarkar Bipul , Gopinathan Navin , Gumfekar Sarang P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntrinsic structural characteristics of porous materials have found significant applications in selective separation of gases and heterogeneous catalysis. While using porous materials for gas separation and catalysis, some of the challenging issues are the strength of catalytic sites, hydrothermal stability, crystalline order of solids, and selectivity. Researchers' ability to engineer the synthesis strategies rationally can help overcome technological challenges. In recent years, breakthroughs in porous materials are focused on developing different chemistries to control the pore architecture. This review focuses on recent advances made in synthesis strategies of porous materials and their impact on gas separation and catalysis applications. A significant part of this review is devoted to various synthesis methods, such as various types of templating methods, molecular layer deposition, sol–gel technique, and polymerization methods. Improvement in various catalytic reactions and gas separations due to different functionalization methods is also summarized. Lastly, we have discussed the applications of porous materials in the form of adsorbents and membranes in commercial processes. We hope that this review will serve as a quick reference for beginners who want to synthesize porous materials with control of pore structure.
Synthesis of gem‐Difluoroalkenes via Ni‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Defluorinative Reductive Cross‐Coupling of Organohalides, Alkenes and Trifluoromethyl Alkenes
Authors: Ma Teng , Li Xiao , Ping Yuanyuan , Kong Wangqing 
Published: June 2022

Comprehensive Summarygem‐Difluoroalkenes are considered ideal isosteres for metabolically susceptible carbonyl groups in modern drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. In addition, gem‐difluoroalkenes are used as versatile precursors for the synthesis of difluoroalkylated compounds and monofluoroalkenes. Therefore, a great deal of effort has been devoted to developing efficient methods for their preparation. The catalytic defluorinative functionalization of trifluoromethyl alkenes represents a useful strategy for the preparation of chiral gem‐difluoroalkenes. However, most of these catalytic processes are still essentially limited to two‐component defluorinative cross‐couplings to form single C—C bonds. Due to the challenge of controlling chemoselectivity in the carbon‐carbon bond forming events, three‐component defluorinative cross‐coupling involving multiple C—C bond formations has rarely been studied. We report a nickel‐catalyzed three‐component defluorinative reductive cross‐coupling of organohalides, alkenes and trifluoromethyl alkenes. A variety of electron‐rich and electron‐deficient alkenes, as well as aryl and alkyl halides can efficiently participate in the formation of three‐component cross‐coupling products. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions and exhibits excellent functional group compatibility without requiring a pendant chelating group, providing a variety of functionalized gem‐difluoroalkenes in good yields with excellent chemoselectivity.