bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B800-to-B850 relaxation of excitation energy in bacterial light harvesting: All-state, all-mode path integral simulations
Authors: Kundu Sohang , Dani Reshmi , Makri Nancy 
Published: July 2022

We report fully quantum mechanical simulations of excitation energy transfer within the peripheral light harvesting complex (LH2) of Rhodopseudomonas molischianum at room temperature. The exciton–vibration Hamiltonian comprises the 16 singly excited bacteriochlorophyll states of the B850 (inner) ring and the 8 states of the B800 (outer) ring with all available electronic couplings. The electronic states of each chromophore couple to 50 intramolecular vibrational modes with spectroscopically determined Huang–Rhys factors and to a weakly dissipative bath that models the biomolecular environment. Simulations of the excitation energy transfer following photoexcitation of various electronic eigenstates are performed using the numerically exact small matrix decomposition of the quasiadiabatic propagator path integral. We find that the energy relaxation process in the 24-state system is highly nontrivial. When the photoexcited state comprises primarily B800 pigments, a rapid intra-band redistribution of the energy sharply transitions to a significantly slower relaxation component that transfers 90% of the excitation energy to the B850 ring. The mixed character B850* state lacks the slow component and equilibrates very rapidly, providing an alternative energy transfer channel. This (and also another partially mixed) state has an anomalously large equilibrium population, suggesting a shift to lower energy by virtue of exciton–vibration coupling. The spread of the vibrationally dressed states is smaller than that of the eigenstates of the bare electronic Hamiltonian. The total population of the B800 band is found to decay exponentially with a 1/e time of 0.5 ps, which is in good agreement with experimental results.
Three-dimensional electron temperature measurement of inertial confinement fusion hotspots using x-ray emission tomography
Authors: Wong Ka Wai , Bachmann Benjamin 
Published: July 2022

We present a novel approach to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) electron temperature distributions of inertially confined fusion plasma hotspots at the National Ignition Facility. Using very limited number of two-dimensional (2D) x-ray imaging lines of sight, we perform 3D reconstructions of x-ray emission distributions from different x-ray energy channels ranging from 20 to 30 keV. 2D time-integrated x-ray images are processed using the algebraic reconstruction technique to reconstruct a 3D hotspot x-ray emission distribution that is self-consistent with the input images. 3D electron temperatures are computed using the energy channel ratios. We demonstrate the high accuracy and applicability of this method with different complex hotspot geometries in both synthetic and experimental results.
Adolescent development of multiscale structural wiring and functional interactions in the human connectome
Authors: Park Bo-yong , Paquola Casey , Bethlehem Richard A. I. , Benkarim Oualid ,   Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network (NSPN) Consortium, Mišić Bratislav , Smallwood Jonathan , Bullmore Edward T. , Bernhardt Boris C. , Bullmore Edward , Dolan Raymond , Goodyer Ian , Fonagy Peter , Jones Peter , Moutoussis Michael , Hauser Tobias , Neufeld Sharon , Romero-Garcia Rafael , St Clair Michelle , Vértes Petra , Whitaker Kirstie , Inkster Becky , Prabhu Gita , Ooi Cinly , Toseeb Umar , Widmer Barry , Bhatti Junaid , Villis Laura , Alrumaithi Ayesha , Birt Sarah , Bowler Aislinn , Cleridou Kalia , Dadabhoy Hina , Davies Emma , Firkins Ashlyn , Granville Sian , Harding Elizabeth , Hopkins Alexandra , Isaacs Daniel , King Janchai , Kokorikou Danae , Maurice Christina , McIntosh Cleo , Memarzia Jessica , Mills Harriet , O’Donnell Ciara , Pantaleone Sara , Scott Jenny , Kiddle Beatrice , Polek Ela , Fearon Pasco , Suckling John , van Harmelen Anne-Laura , Kievit Rogier , Chamberlain Sam 
Published: July 2022

Adolescence is a time of profound changes in the physical wiring and function of the brain. Here, we analyzed structural and functional brain network development in an accelerated longitudinal cohort spanning 14 to 25 y (n= 199). Core to our work was an advanced in vivo model of cortical wiring incorporating MRI features of corticocortical proximity, microstructural similarity, and white matter tractography. Longitudinal analyses assessing age-related changes in cortical wiring identified a continued differentiation of multiple corticocortical structural networks in youth. We then assessed structure–function coupling using resting-state functional MRI measures in the same participants both via cross-sectional analysis at baseline and by studying longitudinal change between baseline and follow-up scans. At baseline, regions with more similar structural wiring were more likely to be functionally coupled. Moreover, correlating longitudinal structural wiring changes with longitudinal functional connectivity reconfigurations, we found that increased structural differentiation, particularly between sensory/unimodal and default mode networks, was reflected by reduced functional interactions. These findings provide insights into adolescent development of human brain structure and function, illustrating how structural wiring interacts with the maturation of macroscale functional hierarchies.
How urbanization affect the ecosystem health of Tibet based on terrain gradients: a case study of Shannan, China
Authors: Zhang Ji , Shi Yu , Xian Chaofan , Zhang Lu , Zou Ziying 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Urbanization has significant impacts on ecosystem health (ESH) by affecting land-use patterns. The evaluation of the ESH and the spatial correlations between human interference provides an insight into sustainable development as a response to potential ecological degradation if ESH is threatened by further urbanization. We applied the Vigor-Organization-Resilience-Services (VORS) modelto detect the responses of ESH of Shannan Prefecture in the Tibet to urbanization from 1990 to 2015, based on different levels of terrain gradients. The results show that the ESH of the most areas in Shannan reaches the levels of highest health and average health during the study period. By 2015, the area proportion at the highest health level increased by 0.68%, while that of degraded level decreased by 1.51%. Overall, the ESH of areas tends to shrink at higher-level TGs, and urban sprawl with ESH shrinking existed in middle-level TGs in Shannan. Furthermore, a significant spatial aggregation effect was found concerning that low ESH–high CUL type is mainly distributed on the middle-level TGs with dense human population. The results highlight the needs to rationally organize urbanization process in plateau regions based on different TGs, which contribute to maintain ESH advancing people livelihood improvement.
Metastable skyrmion phase stabilized in wider T–H region of β-Mn type Co7Zn7Mn6 chiral magnet
Authors: Pardeep  , Bitla Yugandhar , Patra Ajit Kumar , Lalita  , Pathak Rohit , Bhattacharya Amrita , Basheed G A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We report the evolution of magnetic phase diagram (

T

,
H

), by accounting for the successive magnetic phase transitions in β-Mn-type Co7Zn7Mn6, a chiral magnet by an elaborate AC susceptibility magnetometry, χ(T, H). The

T

−

H

phase diagram of polycrystalline Co7Zn7Mn6 helimagnet reveals two distinct equilibrium skyrmion phases driven by fluctuations; conventional skyrmion phase (SkX) with helical ordering just below

T

C

∼ 215 K and disordered skyrmion phase (DSkX) just above spin-glass region. The topological nature of SkX is due to high (

↑↑

) spins moment and magnetic disorder driven weak pinning effect manifesting into the stabilization of robust meta-stable skyrmion phase (MSkX) by trivial field-cooling via SkX at

T

S
k
X

M

= 110 K and 150 K. We performed first-principles based density functional theory based calculations, which corroborate with the experimental structural and magnetic ground state of skyrmion-host Co7Zn7Mn6 chiral magnet.
Modelling air pollution around nuclear power plants: validation of dispersion models using tracer data
Authors: Božnar Marija Zlata , Mlakar Primož , Grašič Boštjan , Gršić Zoran , Hettrich Sebastian , Mancini Francesco , Patryl Luc , Thiessen Kathleen M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Šoštanj exercise of the Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments I Urban Environments Working Group took advantage of a set of measurement data from a 1991 tracer experiment to test atmospheric dispersion models for emissions from point sources over complex terrain. The data set included emissions of SO2 from the stacks of the Šoštanj Thermal Power Plant in Slovenia, measurements of the SO2 at a number of locations in the surrounding area up to 7 km from the plant, and meteorological data from several monitoring stations, all as measured half-hour average values. Two sets of meteorological conditions were modelled: (a) a simple situation with a strong wind blowing from a point source directly towards a monitoring station; and (b) a complex situation involving a temperature inversion and convective mixing. The modelling results enable the assessment of the capabilities of various dispersion models in handling both complex terrain and complex meteorological situations.
Fabricating Z-scheme C-doped TiO2/rGO nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic NO removal
Authors: Chen Meijuan , Wang Wei , Huang Yu , Han Jichang , Zhang Yang , Yang Tongxi , Zhao Jinghan , Zhao Liyun , Ho Wingkei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It is attractive to explore practical approaches to optimize the photodegraded NO property of TiO2. Herein, a typical Z-shaped heterojunction C-TiO2/rGO composed of carbon-doped TiO2 and reductive graphene oxide (rGO) was constructed to optimize the NO removal efficiency through an in situ one-pot hydrothermal process with glucose as reductant and dopant. The C-TiO2/rGO (0.11%) composite displays a remarkable NO removal performance of 40.6% under visible light illumination. It was found that the C-TiO2 nanoparticles were tightly attached to the rGO sheets and had strong interactions with rGO, which induced a positive impact on not only the light absorption and photo-generated charge separation but also the NO adsorption and reactive oxygen species formation, resulting in boosted photodegrade NO activity. As to the photodegrade NO process over the C-TiO2/rGO, the HO• and O2
•− were the dominant radicals, of which the O2
•− radical originated from the interactions between C-TiO2 and rGO. We proposed a Z-scheme mechanism to illuminate the advanced photocatalytic activity of C-TiO2/rGO. This work affords an approach to developing effective photocatalysts in the NO purification field.
Study of the band-gap energy of radiation-damaged silicon
Authors: Klanner R , Martens S , Schwandt J , Vauth A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The transmission of silicon crystals irradiated by 24 GeV/c protons and reactor neutrons has been measured for photon energies, E

γ
, between 0.95 and 1.3 eV. From the transmission data the absorption coefficient α is calculated, and from α(E

γ
) the fluence dependence of the band-gap energy, E
gap, and the energy of transverse optical phonons, E
ph, determined. It is found that within the experimental uncertainties of about 1 meV neither E
gap nor E
ph depend on fluence up to the maximum fluence of 1 × 1017 cm−2 of the measurements. The value of E
gap agrees within about 1 meV with the generally accepted value, if an exciton-binding energy of 15 meV is assumed. A similar agreement is found for E
ph. For the extraction of E
gap and E
ph the second derivative of

α

(

E

γ

)

smoothed with a Gaussian kernel has been used.
Wavelength tunable continuous wave single-frequency 1342 nm amplifier exceeding 44 W
Authors: Zhou Zi-Han , Wang Zhi-Min , Zhang Yi-Xuan , Zhang Feng-Feng , Zhao Wen-Cheng , Bo Yong , Peng Qin-Jun , Cui Da-Fu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A high-power single-frequency tunable continuous-wave 1342 nm laser was demonstrated based on a master-oscillator power amplifier system consisted of a polarized seed laser, and a five-stage dual-rod Nd:YVO4 power amplifier. An output power of 44.1 W at 1341.6 nm was obtained. The beam quality factors of M2
were measured to be

M
x
2

= 1.165 along the x axis direction and

M
y
2

= 1.178 along the y axis direction, respectively. Its wavelength tunable range is 1341.0 nm–1343.0 nm. To the best of our knowledge, it is the highest power for the single-frequency 1341.6 nm laser.
Laser bioprinting without donor plate
Authors: Cheptsov Vladimir , Minaev Nikita , Zhigarkov Vyacheslav , Tsypina Svetlana , Krasilnikov Maxim , Gulyashko Alexander , Larionov Igor , Tyrtyshnyy Valentin , Gonchukov Sergey , Yusupov Vladimir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A promising laser bioprinting technology based on the effect of laser-induced direct transfer is rapidly developing and is already actively used in biotechnology and medicine today. Typically, such technologies use donor plates with an absorbent coating, from which gel microdroplets with living cells and microorganisms are transferred to an acceptor substrate under the action of a laser pulse. This article proposes a new bioprinting technology that makes it possible to transfer microdroplet not only without an absorbing coating, but also without the donor plate itself. The essence of this method is that the transfer to the surface of the acceptor is carried out by a series of nanosecond pulse with a wavelength of 3 μm directly from the surface of a liquid with microorganisms. The mechanism of a liquid jet and microdroplets formation upon absorption of a laser pulse in a thin surface liquid layer is discussed in detail. It has been shown that microorganisms transferred using the new bioprinting technology are viable and can be successfully cultivated on a dense nutrient medium.
Modified double-double bend achromat lattice for an ultra-low emittance design of the HLS
Authors: Ren Z. , Wei B. , Xu H. , Liu G. , Bai Z. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The storage ring of the present Hefei Light Source (HLS)
consists of four double-bend achromat lattice cells, each with two
straight sections. In this paper, a modified double-double bend
achromat (DDBA) lattice is proposed for an ultra-low emittance
design of HLS, where the circumference of the storage ring and the
lengths of all straight sections remain the same. Compared to the
typical DDBA lattice, this modified lattice can obtain both lower
emittance and lower dispersion in the mid-straight section, thus
providing higher brightness of insertion device radiation. The
natural emittance of the HLS designed with the modified DDBA lattice
is 3.9 nm·rad, about one order of magnitude lower than that
of the present HLS.
Second order microstrip bandpass filter design based on square resonator for 5G sub-6 GHz band
Authors: Slimani A. , Das S. , Ali W.A.E. , El Alami A. , Bennani S.D. , Jorio M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A simple procedure for designing a highly selective
microstrip bandpass filter of second order is presented in this
paper. The proposed filter is composed of two principal square
open-loop resonators and designed with planar structures on a Roger
substrate. It is intended for 5G applications, especially for
Sub-6 GHz range frequency [3.5–3.8 GHz]. The suggested band pass
filter has a very attractive compact size of
7 mm × 15.46 mm. The performance of this
simple miniaturized filter, which is characterized by high
selectivity in the band of interest, can be seen from its important
characteristics: Adaptation, Transmission and Coupling
Coefficients. The electromagnetic simulations and measurement
results are in good agreement, which validates the design idea and
procedure.
Utilization of Waste Sole Leather with Fly Ash for Self-Compacting Concrete
Authors: Thakre Ankush , Rajak Tarun Kumar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The majority of solid waste from leather industries comes from various processes after manufacturing leather products, and it has been gathered separately from industries. Sole leathers were also emitted in the leather industry. After used, sole leather is thrown at dump yard and the dumping of sole leather on the ground is highly damaging to the environment’s health, and the recycling procedure is approximately expensive, therefore this research examines the creation of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) mix using Fly Ash and Sole Leathers. This article examines that utilization of waste sole leather including F.A. (Fly Ash) and superplasticizer (S.P.) in self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixtures. fly Ash & sole leather is a novel research concept with high deformability and moderate viscosity, which is required to provide consistent solid particle dispersion during shipping, installation, and until the concrete sets. As per obtained the findings of the current research, the addition with sole leather and fly ash in conjunction with a superplasticizer appears to improve the fresh, hardened characteristics developed strength & proper durability qualities in SCC. The maximum compressive strength was obtained for SCC5%F.A.+5%S.L. i.e., 41.10 MPa as compare to other mix proportions i.e. SCC10%F.A.+7.5%S.L. (39.95 MPa) & SCC15%F.A.+10%S.L. (36.70 MPa).
An Experimental Study of concrete by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Bakelite Waste
Authors: Bhopi R R , Sinha M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bakelite is a industrial waste produce in manufacturing process like in Auto Industries etc. Nowadays the waste increases rapidly because of these modern living and thus creates a waste management problem. It is necessary to overcome such waste related problem in a meaningful manner. The purpose of this study is to find whether the Bakelite gives us that much Compressive strength as compared to conventional M25 grade concrete by replacing fine aggregate with Bakelite waste. So, this research examines the utilization of waste Bakelite in concrete with varying percentage like 0%,17%,20%30%,40%,50%,60% and 70%. Different percentages of Bakelite are added and tests like the slump cone test, compaction factor test were conducted to investigate the fresh properties like workability and compression test were performed to find out the 7, 14 and 28 days compressive strength. It is found that the replacement of fine aggregate with Bakelite can be done up to 20% without compromising the compressive strength of the M25 grade concrete.
Impact of directional effect of strong ground motion on scenario-based earthquake hazards: preliminary results
Authors: Kumar A , Pasari S , Mehta A , Verma H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Scenario-based earthquake hazards are useful for social planning and disaster mitigation. In this study, general attenuation properties of earthquake events are analysed empirically with respect to the direction of seismic rupture from the epicentre. The study is primarily focused on presenting a relationship between fault source characteristics and the most credible direction of any earthquake that occurs at that source. Since such a direction is not only a function of source but also is dependent on site parameters, several ground motion prediction equations are utilised in congregation with methods to evaluate site parameters. The method involves a graphical relationship between scenario spectral ordinates and polar coordinates to estimate the most credible direction for that scenario. An analysis illustrating the method is presented here for the Himalayan megathrust fault, the Main Boundary Thrust.
Assessment of Air Pollution before and during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Chhattisgarh State, India
Authors: Rajput H , Barde S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Air pollution is known to be the most common problem worldwide. Most cities have air pollution, and new pollutants are being added to the atmosphere, making it more toxic. Air quality prediction is a complex task because of the dynamics, volatility, and high temporal and spatial variability of pollutants and particles. Intending to control the expansion of COVID–19, the Indian government has announced a strict and total lockdown beginning March 25, 2020, in all countries, besides essentials. The goal of this research work is to find out the effect of lockdown on air quality in the four cities of Chhattisgarh state: Raipur, Bilaspur, Durg-Bhilai, and Korba. For that, we are using data from the official site of the Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB). The data is divided into two phases before the three months of lockdown (December 2019 to February 2020) and during the three months of lockdown (March to May 2020). We compared the data and performed a detailed analysis using SPSS software of the impact of COVID-19 on air quality and, as a result, found a major change in the Air Quality Index (AQI), geographical circulation levels, and concentration of various parameters: PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and CO.
Hands-on reservoir computing: a tutorial for practical implementation
Authors: Cucchi Matteo , Abreu Steven , Ciccone Giuseppe , Brunner Daniel , Kleemann Hans 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This manuscript serves a specific purpose: to give readers from fields such as material science, chemistry, or electronics an overview of implementing a reservoir computing (RC) experiment with her/his material system. Introductory literature on the topic is rare and the vast majority of reviews puts forth the basics of RC taking for granted concepts that may be nontrivial to someone unfamiliar with the machine learning field (see for example reference Lukoševičius (2012 Neural Networks: Tricks of the Trade (Berlin: Springer) pp 659–686). This is unfortunate considering the large pool of material systems that show nonlinear behavior and short-term memory that may be harnessed to design novel computational paradigms. RC offers a framework for computing with material systems that circumvents typical problems that arise when implementing traditional, fully fledged feedforward neural networks on hardware, such as minimal device-to-device variability and control over each unit/neuron and connection. Instead, one can use a random, untrained reservoir where only the output layer is optimized, for example, with linear regression. In the following, we will highlight the potential of RC for hardware-based neural networks, the advantages over more traditional approaches, and the obstacles to overcome for their implementation. Preparing a high-dimensional nonlinear system as a well-performing reservoir for a specific task is not as easy as it seems at first sight. We hope this tutorial will lower the barrier for scientists attempting to exploit their nonlinear systems for computational tasks typically carried out in the fields of machine learning and artificial intelligence. A simulation tool to accompany this paper is available online
7

7

https://github.com/stevenabreu7/handson_reservoir.
.