905 EVALUATION OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION BETWEEN ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ESTIMATION AND CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRICLIP IMPLANTATION: PRELIMINARY DATA
Authors: Scalzi Giuseppe , Lucchino Alessandro , Mancuso Cinzia , Ferraro Daniel , Di Costanzo Assunta , Messina Chiara , Canino Giovanni , Mascaro Giuseppina , Mongiardo Annalisa , Aquila Iolanda , Indolfi Ciro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
echocardiography is a helpful tool in patients with suspected pulmonary hypertension (PH). Data derived from echocardiographic examination allow to assign a level of probability of PH by using multiple parameters. Nevertheless, the gold standard for the diagnosis of PH remains the right heart catheterization. The evaluation of PH is important in patients undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve repair, in fact, many trials excluded those with “severe” pulmonary hypertension.

Aim
the aim of this study was to examine, in the evaluation of PH, the parameters derived from echocardiographic estimation and cardiac catheterization in patients undergoing TriClip implantation.

Methods
a retrospective analysis of 4 patients underwent to TriClip implantation in our department was performed. Echocardiography and right heart catheterization data were collected. In the assessment of pulmonary hypertension, the analyzed echocardiographic parameters were: enlarged right ventricle in parasternal long-axis view (&gt;30 mm), flattened interventricular septum leading to “D-shaped LV”, dilated inferior vena cava (&gt;21 mm) with diminished inspiratory collapsibility (&lt;50%), RVOT acceleration time of pulmonary ejection &lt;105 msec, reduced right ventricular fractional area change (&lt;35%), decreased tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE &lt;18mm), TAPSE/sPAP ratio &lt;0.55 mm/mmHg, enlarged right atrial area (&gt;18 cm2), increased systolic peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity (peak TRV&gt;2.8 m/s), estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP). Echocardiographic probability of pulmonary hypertension was defined as high: peak TRV &gt;3.4 m/s or a peak TRV between 2.9-3.4 m/s and the presence of other echo PH sign; intermediate: peak TRV between 2.9-3.4 or peak TRV ≤2.8 m/sec with other echo PH signs; low: peak TRV ≤2.8 m/sec. Pulmonary hypertension, in accordance with guidelines, was defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP)&gt;20 mmHg at rest.

Results
the echocardiographic probability of pulmonary hypertension was high in three patients: 2 patients had a peak TRV&gt;3.4 m/s, one patient had peak TRV 2.95 with RVOT AT 55, flattened interventricular septum, dilated inferior vena cava with diminished inspiratory collapsibility, right atrium area &gt;18cm2. In one patient the probability was intermediate (peak TRV 2.40 m/s, RA area &gt;18 cm2 and TAPSE/sPAP ratio &lt;0.55 mm/mmHg). Right heart catheterization confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in two patients with high echocardiographic probability. In the other two patients (one with high probability and one with intermediate probability) there was no PH diagnosis at right heart catheterization.

Conclusion
in only two out of four patients with intermediate-high probability of PH the diagnosis was confirmed by right catheterization. Therefore, invasive evaluation of pulmonary pressures should be performed in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation undergoing Triclip implantation.