bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noble Metal Construction for Electrochemical Nonenzymatic Glucose Detection
Authors: He Chaohui , Asif Muhammad , Liu Qingqing , Xiao Fei , Liu Hongfang , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrecise glucose monitoring is needed to meet the growing demand of blood glucose determination in diabetes diagnosis. In spite of good selectivity and high sensitivity of enzyme‐based glucose sensors, the activity of enzyme is sensitive to pH and temperature, which makes them unstable in detecting glucose level. Alternatively, nonenzymatic electrocatalysts have attracted intensive attention because of their chemical and thermal stability. Noble metal (NM) electrocatalysts based on Pt, Au, and Pd exhibit high activity and stability for the oxidation of glucose in both neutral and alkaline environments, further showing promising potential in the field of nonenzymatic glucose sensors. Since the electrocatalytic ability of NM nanomaterials directly depends on the surface and interface states, it is very important to effectively control the surface and interface state of nanomaterials for preparing NM nanocatalysts with optimized catalytic performance. In this review, the fundamentals and development of glucose sensors are briefly introduced. Then, the modification strategies of NM nanomaterials and their applications in enzyme‐free glucose detection are discussed from the surface construction and interface modification. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for NM materials in electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose detection are proposed.
Diffusion of Zirconium (IV) Ions from Coated Thick Zirconium Oxide Shell to the Bulk Structure of Ni‐Rich NMC811 Cathode Leading to High‐Performance 18650 Cylindrical Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tubtimkuna Suchakree , Phattharasupakun Nutthaphon , Bunyanidhi Panyawee , Sawangphruk Montree 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHerein, Ni‐rich LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 or NMC811 cathode material, which is expected to be widely used soon, is coated by crystalline ZrO2 nanoparticles using green and scalable mechanofusion technique with an annealing process. A controllable synergistic effect of ZrO2 coating, as a spherical core–shell morphology with low surface energy, which is ideal for the process of electrode fabrication, and Zr4+ doping is carefully investigated. For the first time, the mechanofusion with the post‐annealing at 800 °C used in this work can finely tune the shell thickness and doping gradient by the diffusion of Zr4+ from the coated ZrO2 shell to the bulk structure of NMC811. The optimized material, namely NMC@Zr‐800 used as the cathode of 18650 cylindrical Li‐ion batteries (LIBs), can provide excellent capacity retention over 1000 cycles at a severe 100% state‐of‐charge (SOC) at 1.0 C. Postmortem analysis shows that the material is stable with less crack formation and transition metal (TM) dissolution than the pristine NMC811 material owing to a synergistic effect of the surface protection by ZrO2 coating and Zr4+ doping. The results demonstrate the practical and scalable approach that will be beneficial for technological advancement in the high‐energy 18650 cylindrical LIBs.
Micropipette‐Based Fabrication of Free‐Standing, Conducting Polymer Bilayer Actuators
Authors: Zhang Peikai , Zhu Bicheng , Luo Yu , Travas‐Sejdic Jadranka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractElectrically driven actuators have found widespread applications in biomimetics and soft robotics. Among different actuation materials, conducting polymers (CPs) have stood out due to their unique doping‐based actuation mechanism. Fabricating actuators at the microscale is particularly important, not only in the manufacturing of delicate biomimetic/robotic devices but also in advanced microphysiological studies. However, the choice for microfabrication techniques is limited, with the reported CP microactuators being mainly planar. To overcome this issue, a new micropipette‐based method is developed for the fabrication of free‐standing 3D CP actuators. The two‐layer actuator consists of a layer of PPy:CF3SO3, fabricated by localized electropolymerization, and a layer of PEDOT:PSS, fabricated by a “direct writing” technique. Due to the opposite contraction and expansion behavior of these two CPs, determined by the size of dopants, the electrically driven bending actuators have been demonstrated. This fabrication approach provides unprecedented capability for fabricating high aspect ratio microactuators: the 360° bending orientation of the actuators can be controlled by the relative position of the two layers. As a proof‐of‐principle, we demonstrate CP “micro‐tweezers” and the manipulation of a PDMS microsphere. The technique developed in this work opens exciting opportunities to manufacture advanced artificial muscles and sophisticated soft microrobotics.
Metal Phosphides as Promising Electrode Materials for Alkali Metal Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors: A Review
Authors: Tan Hankun , Sun Li , Zhang Yuanxing , Wang Ke , Zhang Yihe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe growing demand for mobile electrical devices such as electric vehicles has led to more extensive and in‐depth research on alkali metal ion batteries and supercapacitors. Various metal phosphides have the advantages of large natural reserves of raw materials and low pollution. More importantly, metal phosphides have high theoretical capacity as alkali metal ion batteries and exhibit extremely high capacitance as pseudocapacitive electrode materials, making them potential electrode materials for next‐generation alkali metal ion batteries and supercapacitors. In this paper, the recent research on metal phosphide‐based electrode materials for alkali metal ion batteries and supercapacitors is reviewed. First, the basic principles of alkali metal ion batteries and supercapacitors are introduced. Then, various modification strategies and effects for metal phosphides are summarized. Finally, the problems and prospects of metal phosphide electrode materials are put forward.
Significant positive impact of duodenum‐preserving pancreatic head resection on the prevention of postoperative nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and acute cholangitis
Authors: Kato Hiroyuki , Asano Yukio , Ito Masahiro , Arakawa Satoshi , Shimura Masahiro , Koike Daisuke , Hayashi Chihiro , Kamio Kenshiro , Kawai Toki , Horiguchi Akihiko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to compare the incidence of postoperative nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), postoperative cholangitis, and fibrosis‐4 (FIB)‐4 index in patients who underwent duodenum‐preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) and pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for low‐grade malignant tumors and verify the usefulness of DPPHR in preventing the occurrence of these disorders.MethodsThis retrospective study included 70 patients who underwent PD (n = 39) and DPPHR (n = 31) between 2006 and 2018 for benign or low‐grade malignant tumors. The present study compared the preoperative background, cumulative incidence of postoperative NAFLD and cholangitis, and other biochemical markers, including the FIB‐4 index. Subanalysis by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to minimize treatment selection bias.ResultsIn terms of the cumulative incidence of NAFLD, the 5‐y incidence was significantly lower in the DPPHR group than in the PD group both before (10% vs 38%, P = .002) and after (13% vs 38%, P = .008) matching. Multivariate analyses identified DPPHR as the only independent preventive factor for postoperative NAFLD (hazard ratio: 0.160, 95% confidence intervals: 0.034–0.76, P = .021). The 5‐y cumulative incidence of postoperative cholangitis was significantly higher in the PD group than in the DPPHR group before (51% vs 3%, P < .001) and after (49% vs 4%, P < .001) matching. The FIB‐4 index at 12 mo postoperatively was significantly better in the DPPHR group than in the PD group (1.45 vs 2.35, P = .006) before matching.ConclusionPreservation of the duodenum and bile duct may contribute to preventing long‐term postoperative NAFLD and cholangitis, and liver fibrosis for benign or low‐grade malignant pancreatic head tumors.
Cell‐friendly regulation of ice crystals by antifreeze organism‐inspired materials
Authors: Yang Jing , Liu Min , Zhang Tiantong , Ma Jianfan , Ma Yiming , Tian Shu , Li Ruiqi , Han You , Zhang Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is a dilemma between ice growth inhibition and cell‐threatening sharp‐edged ice formation, dominating an unfavorable efficiency of cell cryoprotection using ice control materials (ICMs). Herein, we design different‐type antifreeze organism‐inspired ICMs and show the cell‐friendly regulation of ice crystals by a synergistic effect for cell cryoprotection. Preferred rapid adsorption of “high‐diffusivity ICM” on the curved ice crystal surface induced by “ice‐binding ICM,” owing to the Gibbs–Curie–Wulff theorem, promotes smooth‐shaped and small ice crystal formation during the freeze–thaw cycle. Meanwhile, their intracellular and extracellular osmotic balance well protects the cryopreserved cells. All‐round protection benefits cell survival to achieve a cryopreservation efficiency of 97%. After cryopreservation, ice‐binding ICM exhibits double thermosensitive behaviors to directly encapsulate post‐thaw cells by gels, to further support cell‐based therapies. This work provides an in‐depth understanding of cell cryoprotection, and paves the road to the development of even better ICMs for biospecimen cryopreservation.
Community detection based process decomposition and distributed monitoring for large‐scale processes
Authors: Yin Xunyuan , Qin Yan , Chen Hongtian , Du Wenli , Liu Jinfeng , Huang Biao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDistributed architectures wherein multiple decision‐making units are employed to coordinate their decision‐making/actions based on real‐time communication have become increasingly important for monitoring processes that have large scales and complex structures. Typically, the development of a distributed monitoring scheme involves two key steps, that is, the decomposition of the process into subsystems, and the design of local monitors based on the configured subsystem models. In this article, we propose a distributed process monitoring approach that tackles both steps for large‐scale processes. A data‐driven process decomposition approach is proposed by leveraging community structure detection to divide variables into subsystems optimally via finding a maximal value of the metric of modularity. A two‐layer distributed monitoring scheme is developed where local monitors are designed based on the configured subsystems of variables using canonical correlation analysis. Inner‐subsystem interactions and inter‐subsystem interactions are tackled by the two layers separately, such that the sensitivity of this monitoring scheme to certain types of faults is improved. We utilize a numerical example to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. It is then applied to a simulated wastewater treatment process.
Genome‐wide association and multi‐omics studies identify MGMT as a novel risk gene for Alzheimer's disease among women
Authors: Chung Jaeyoon , Das Anjali , Sun Xinyu , Sobreira Débora R. , Leung Yuk Yee , Igartua Catherine , Mozaffari Sahar , Chou Yi‐Fan , Thiagalingam Sam , Mez Jesse , Zhang Xiaoling , Jun Gyungah R. , Stein Thor D. , Kunkle Brian W. , Martin Eden R. , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Mayeux Richard , Haines Jonathan L. , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Nobrega Marcelo A. , Lunetta Kathryn L. , Pinto Jayant M. , Wang Li‐San , Ober Carole , Farrer Lindsay A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionVariants in the tau gene (MAPT) region are associated with breast cancer in women and Alzheimer's disease (AD) among persons lacking apolipoprotein E ε4 (ε4–).MethodsTo identify novel genes associated with tau‐related pathology, we conducted two genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) for AD, one among 10,340 ε4– women in the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) and another in 31 members (22 women) of a consanguineous Hutterite kindred.ResultsWe identified novel associations of AD with MGMT variants in the ADGC (rs12775171, odds ratio [OR] = 1.4, P = 4.9 × 10–8) and Hutterite (rs12256016 and rs2803456, OR = 2.0, P = 1.9 × 10–14) datasets. Multi‐omics analyses showed that the most significant and largest number of associations among the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), DNA‐methylated CpGs, MGMT expression, and AD‐related neuropathological traits were observed among women. Furthermore, promoter capture Hi‐C analyses revealed long‐range interactions of the MGMT promoter with MGMT SNPs and CpG sites.DiscussionThese findings suggest that epigenetically regulated MGMT expression is involved in AD pathogenesis, especially in women.
Georg Joos’ Experimentum Crucis in Jena 1930 and the Fall of the Ethereal Aether
Authors: Bussemer Peter , Müller Jürgen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAfter 1910, the triumph of Einstein's theory of relativity almost came to an unexpected end when Dayton Miller published his measurements in 1922 indicating an ether drift in contrast to all former Michelson–Morley experiments. This attack on Einstein's fundamental principle of the constancy of the vacuum speed of light independently of spatial direction was countered by Georg Joos who found no “Aether wind” using the best optical equipment of the company Carl Zeiss in Jena in 1930. His precision record sealed the fate of the “Ethereal Aether,” against all attempts in Nazi Germany and the Communist Soviet Union to save the ether on ideological grounds.
Fluorescent Probes for Sensing and Imaging Biological Hydrogen Sulfide
Authors: Guo Lan‐Ying , Zhao Jin‐Song , Peng Hong‐Shang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important endogenous biological signal molecule that plays an essential role in various pathological and physiological processes. Abnormal expression of H2S in vivo is associated with the occurrence and development of many diseases. Therefore, sensing biological H2S level and distribution is significant and has been extensively studied presently. A few reviews about H2S sensing and imaging have been reported, most of which focus on the sensing mechanisms and construction of probes. In this review, we firstly summarized and classified the H2S‐activated fluorescent probes over the past 5 years according to sensing modality and then mainly discussed their biological applications, including detection of physiological and pathological processes, diagnosis of diseases, and disease treatments. It is expected that this review can deepen the readers′ understanding of the biological role of H2S and provide them with biomedical background knowledge for the construction of the H2S probes.
The link between sustainable business models and Blockchain: A multiple case study approach
Authors: Calandra Davide , Secinaro Silvana , Massaro Maurizio , Dal Mas Francesca , Bagnoli Carlo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe paper investigates the relationship between Blockchain technology and new sustainable business models (SBMs). The literature notes a lack of empirical classifications and successful case studies. Using a multiple case studies methodology, our research article aims to answer the research question (RQ): How can Blockchain enable new SBMs and support the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? We present 20 business stories extracted from a combined analysis of the databases coinmarketcap.com and icobench.com, demonstrating how Blockchain can be used for environmental management. Notably, our analysis finds out four broad research clusters related to (i) smart energy management, (ii) climate change, (iii) waste management, and (iv) sustainable production. Mainly, an actual application of Blockchain toward SBMs is related to supply chain cost reduction. Finally, the research includes investments and their social scalability with Blockchain. Then, the final research cluster discovers social and proof sustainability. This study adds to the empirical literature evidence of SBMs offering a connection with the SDGs.
Expansion of the quality of care index on breast cancer and its risk factors using the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Azadnajafabad Sina , Saeedi Moghaddam Sahar , Keykhaei Mohammad , Shobeiri Parnian , Rezaei Negar , Ghasemi Erfan , Mohammadi Esmaeil , Ahmadi Naser , Ghamari Azin , Shahin Sarvenaz , Rezaei Nazila , Aghili Mahdi , Kaviani Ahmad , Larijani Bagher , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC), as the top neoplasm in prevalence and mortality in females, imposes a heavy burden on health systems. Evaluation of quality of care and management of patients with BC and its responsible risk factors was the aim of this study.MethodsWe retrieved epidemiologic data of BC from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 1990–2019 database. Epidemiology and burden of BC and its risk factors were explored besides the Quality of Care Index (QCI) introduced before, to assess the provided care for patients with BC in various scales. Provided care for BC risk factors was investigated by their impact on years of life lost and years lived with disability by a novel risk factor quality index (rQCI). We used the socio‐demographic index (SDI) to compare results in different socio‐economic levels.ResultsIn 2019, 1,977,212 (95% UI: 1,807,615–2,145,215) new cases of BC in females and 25,143 (22,231–27,786) in males was diagnosed and this major cancer caused 688,562 (635,323–739,571) deaths in females and 12,098 (10,693–13,322) deaths in males, globally. The all‐age number of deaths and disability‐adjusted life years attributed to BC risk factors in females had an increasing pattern, with a more prominent pattern in metabolic risks. The global estimated age‐standardized QCI for BC in females in 2019 was 78.7. The estimated QCI was highest in high SDI regions (95.7). The top countries with the highest calculated QCI in 2019 were Iceland (100), Japan (99.8), and Finland (98.8), and the bottom countries were Mozambique (16.0), Somalia (8.2), and Central African Republic (5.3). The global estimated age‐standardized rQCI for females was 82.2 in 2019.ConclusionIn spite of the partially restrained burden of BC in recent years, the attributable burden to risk factors has increased remarkably. Countries with higher SDI provided better care regarding both the condition and its responsible risk factors.
Progression of precancerous lesions of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas in a high‐risk, rural Chinese population
Authors: Gao Dongqing , Lu Peipei , Zhang Nan , Zhao Li , Liu Jinhui , Yang Jia , Liu Jingmin , Zhao Deli , Wang Jialin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsThis study investigated the natural history of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in rural Chinese. We sought to help provide more data to support ESCC screenings.MethodsThis study was based on an existing Screening Program in Feicheng, China. Esophageal precancerous lesions were identified in 1753 cases, diagnosed from esophageal cancer screenings from 2006 to 2016. We followed up with them through endoscopic screening until October 1, 2017. Pathology results from various grades of precancerous lesions were recorded and the annual transition probabilities and incidence density of ESCC were calculated.ResultsAs of October 1, 2017, a total of 4055.8 person‐years has been observed. The ESCC incidence density of mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia (SD) was 0.17, 0.79, and 1.77 per 100 person‐years, respectively. The median follow‐up time of mild, moderate, and SD was 3.5, 2.3, and 2.2 years, respectively. The annual transition probability of mild, moderate, and SD to the next pathological level was 0.025, 0.038, and 0.016, respectively. The ESCC incidence density of males was 2.6 times higher than females (0.58 vs. 0.22), and the older age group (56–69 age group) had a ESCC incidence density 1.2 times higher than the younger group (40–55 age group) (0.45 vs. 0.39).ConclusionsThe higher the grade of precancerous lesions, the higher the incidence density of ESCC. Screening of esophageal cancer in males and the elderly should be strengthened. It is recommended to reinforce follow‐up management for untreated patients with SD/carcinoma in situ. For patients with mild and moderate dysplasia in high‐risk rural Chinese populations, endoscopic follow‐up intervals can be appropriately adjusted to once every 2 years.
Comparison of DNA stability and its related genes of neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and primary retinal neurons
Authors: Yu Na , Qiu Jin , Li Kaijing , Luo Qian , Liu Xuan , Yang Ying , Jiang Zihua , He Shengyu , He Anqi , Chen Shuilian , Chen Xi , Li Yan , Ge Jian , Zhuang Jing , Yu Keming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMaintaining DNA stability in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSCs‐derived neurons is a challenge in their clinical application. In the present study, we compared DNA stability between primary retinal neurons and differentiated neurons. We found that the basal level of γ‐H2AX phosphorylation, a specific marker of DNA breaks, was notably higher (~26‐folds) in human iPSCs compared to iPSCs‐derived neurons. However, iPSCs‐derived neurons are more sensitive to UV treatment compared to primary rat retinal neurons (postnatal Day 1). UV treatment induced a significantly decreasing in the cell viability of iPSCs‐derived neurons by ~76.1%, whereas ~20.8% in primary retinal neurons. After analyzing the expression levels of genes involved in DNA stability, such as Brca1, Ligase IV, Ku80, and Mre11, we found that Ku80 and its heterodimeric partner, Ku70 were positive in iPSCs‐derived neurons. However, both Ku80 and Ku70 are not expressed in primary retinal neurons and cerebellar neurons. Similarly, both Ku80 and Ku70 are also expressed in 3D retinal organoids from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs), except for a few Map2‐negative cells and the hyaloid vessels of mice E12.5 retinas. Hence, Ku80, and Ku70 are specifically expressed in stem cell‐derived neurons. Moreover, using the Ku80 inhibitor Compound L, our data showed that Ku80 promotes the DNA stability and cell viability of iPSCs‐derived neurons. Thus, our results demonstrated that iPSCs‐, ESCs‐derived neurons have specific characteristics of DNA stability. This study provides new insights into the neural differentiation of stem cells but might also warrant the future clinical application of stem cells in neurodegenerative diseases.
Effective online teaching: Voices of experience
Authors: James Bridget R. , Leinbach Adrianne A. , MacDonald Alyssa M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOnline education has increased rapidly since its inception and will likely continue this upward trend post‐pandemic. Strategies of successful online instructors include incorporating active learning, effectively communicating with students, and using universal design and backwards design principles in course development. Additionally, online instructors need institutional support in the form of: professional development opportunities to foster their continued growth and course improvement; student support for online learning through training modules and technological support; and facilities, such as testing centers. This chapter presents examples from experienced online educators to help faculty and administrators support effective online instruction for students.
Roadmap to emergency remote teaching
Authors: Daneshmand Angela , Harris Michelle , Viviani Donn A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter captures the authors’ voices as faculty who were abruptly required to learn how to teach courses remotely in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. They share how they successfully made changes and stayed committed to maintaining high standards in an online environment. Based on these experiences, they present recommendations for adaptations of active learning techniques from face‐to‐face (F2F) courses to online equivalents. Their roadmap to success focuses on key factors that contributed to increased student success and retention including: flexibility, a commitment to active learning methodologies, and fostering strong classroom communities.