bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional stress compromises mosquito fitness and antiviral immunity but enhances dengue virus infection susceptibility
Authors: Yan Jiayue , Kim Chang-Hyun , Chesser Leta , Ramirez Jose Luis , Stone Chris 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Diet-induced nutritional stress may affect mosquito vectorial capacity through its impact on life history traits, infection susceptibility and immunity. However, how these three factors are affected by both larval and adult nutritional stress remains unclear. Here, we manipulated mosquito diet to create two levels of nutrition at both larval and adult stages and evaluated the effects of low nutrition (nutritional stress) on Aedes aegypti. We demonstrate that larval and adult nutritional stress negatively affected adult size and survival, respectively, and synergistically reduced the fecundity. The ingestion of an infectious blood meal did not independently, but rather interactively affect mosquito survival with nutritional stress, while it both independently and interactively affected fecundity. Mosquitoes that experienced nutritional stress as adults, but not as larvae were more susceptible to dengue virus infection after ingesting an infectious blood meal, but developed lower viral titers than their unstressed counterparts. Smaller mosquitoes were also more likely to become infected. Mosquito immune response to dengue virus infection appears to be suppressed by both larval and adult nutritional stress with distinct involvement of key immune signaling pathways. Overall, our findings demonstrate a crucial role of nutritional stress in mosquito life history traits, infection outcome and immune response which in turn influence vectorial capacity for dengue virus. Since nutrition is often limited in natural settings, our findings underscore the critical role that mosquito nutrition plays in driving the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases.
Enhanced vehicle detection mechanism for traffic management in smart cities
Authors: Tahir Wania , Wagan Raja Asif ASIF , Naeem Bushra , Ahmed Atiq , Hussain Jawad , Baryalai Mehmeed , Mehmood Mirza Aamir , Hussain Shumaila 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Nowadays Road traffic is major issue of developing and under developing countries. With the rampant increase of traffic, the society faces major traffic threats including life threats and environmental threat, thus traffic management is gruesome problem to address. The consequences of poor traffic management include road accidents, jamming of traffic, pollution and many more that can be life threatening. Living in 21 st century with the emergence of technology and applicability of smart cities provides a perfect solution to curb traffic issues. Keeping in view the deadlock and congestion in traffic, this work provides solution by indigently detecting and prioritizing the vehicles and non-vehicles. The research involves implementation and comparison of two state of art algorithms Aggregated channel feature and Point Tracker. Further, the algorithms are enhanced by improving traffic management in terms of identifying category of transport, prioritizing the traffic which contains vehicle and non-vehicles on basis of size of vehicle, type of vehicle, emergency situation and provide the priority to resolve the deadlock. Further, the proposed enhanced point tracker algorithm includes the emergency detection in case of accident and provide an alternative route to neighboring vehicles and non-vehicles. Enhanced ACF has detected true positive rate of 80%, 89%, has detected true positive rate of 69% and 79% having non-vehicle detected with assigned priority. Enhanced point tracker has detected true positive rate of 88%, 94%, and 86% having vehicles, non- vehicles and assigned priority.
Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 subvariant during China’s largest outbreaks
Authors: Dai Yeyu Freddie , Dai Bingxi Gabriel , Chen Mu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A complete and accurate statistical analysis of cases of contraction with SARS-CoV-2, under the conditions of strict mandatory quarantine and isolation and of a high rate of full vaccination, during the largest COVID-19 outbreaks driven by the Omicron BA.2 subvariant in China are given. SARS-CoV-2 is still new, and little is known about either its directions of variations or its laws of propagation. No country other than China has been able to disclose every case of infection in every epidemic or outbreak since April of 2020. Here, this study reveals that Omicron BA.2 subvariant can still spread very fast and wide in areas with strict “dynamic zero-COVID strategy” in China, that there exist cities twenty fold differences in morbidity rates unrelated to any of the known factors contributing to incidence of infectious diseases, and that Omicron BA.2 subvariant is unpredictable in its virulence, although its severity rate of symptomatic cases is low. This analysis provides first-hand original and valuable information for further research on similar epidemics in the future. This study also raises a discussion about possible correlation related to quantum mechanics, and the quantum evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant may finally bring COVID-19 Pandemic to end. It may bring new thoughts for correction of present epidemiological theory and mathematical models. It may also give other countries time to be better prepared for the coming waves driven by Omicron variant.
Slope stability assessment along Indian Himalayan National Highway NH-154A
Authors: Singh Kanwarpreet 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The road cut rock slope stability assessment along the Chamba-Bharmour road corridor of NH-154A has been carried out in present study based on the geological and geotechnical investigations as published In Journal Geological Society of India (Singh and Kumar 2020). The type of failure in the rock slopes has been identified using kinematic analysis based on Markland’s test. The factor of safety (FOS) of identified planar and a wedge failures was evaluated using method proposed by Hoek and Bray. Extensive field work has been performed for collecting rock samples and to record input parameters like joint orientations for stereonet plotting. A total of six out of fourteen potentially unstable rock slopes at different locations along the NH-154A have been taken into consideration for their stability analysis. The unstable rock slope sections L3R1, L16R8, L19R14, L27R12, and L29R13 fulfill the criteria for plane failure conditions while L16R8, L25R10, L26R11, L27R12, L29R13 fulfill the criteria for wedge failure. It has been found that the FOS was identified to be less than one for planar failure at two sites while the minimum value of FOS for planar failure at other two sites falls between 1.0–1.2. The FOS of the plane failure at a single site was evaluated as greater than 2. The wedge failures identified at five sites had FOS greater than one. The site specific mitigation and control measures have been evolved for critical rock cut slopes.
Effectiveness of Play Therapy Programme in Promoting Early Child Development of under-5 Children visiting Tertiary Care Hospital in Rural Settings: Study Protocol of A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Patil Manoj Shankarrao , Gaidhane Abhay M , Quazi S Z 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Early childhood demands for good care, conscious and mindful parenting. The survival through childhood depends on adults who consciously handle the hunger, sickness and socioemotional needs of children. Good care also includes practices of keeping children safe from harm, giving them love, attention, and providing the opportunities to learn. Hospitalization is obviously quite stressful for the child of any age. For years, it has been known that play is an vital element for promoting the normal growth and development of children.Methods: This Randomized Controlled Trial will be implemented through the hospital settings of Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha and the enrolled children will be followed at home visits at scheduled intervals over a period of one year from enrolment. Children in intervention arm will receive customized Play Therapy sessions during hospital stay and at scheduled home visits. Assessments will be done for child development parameters through a set of tools and difference in development scores will be compared between intervention and control groups.Discussion: Intervention group is expected to show significant improvements in child development scores compared to control group. The customized play therapy programme will be adapted to different paediatric inpatient settings and attempts will be made to develop a dedicated and safe Play Therapy kit for hospitalized children. Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry of India Reg. No: CTRI/2022/03/041355 Dated 24/03/2022 http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/regtrial.php?modid=1&compid=19&EncHid=94157.99481
Pulmonary rehabilitation integrated sports into medicine for patients with COPD: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jing Yuting , Ma Yuying , Zhang Hongxing , Wu Zhenhu , Li Yongwen , Li Haoxuan , Huang Minling , Lin Lin , Xu Yinji 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most common chronic lung disease creating immense burden on social health care systems. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has proven to be effective in patients with COPD. However, exercise training as the basis of PR becomes extremely tedious, occasionally causing loss of perseverance in patients. Therefore, we considered an approach that makes this technique interesting and easier to persist. The aim of this project was to explore an exercise training approach based on PR-integrated sports in medicine to promote the new exercise training approach as a form of group rehabilitation activity in the future.MethodsParticipants were randomly divided into the trial and control groups. The trial group was treated with PR-integrated sports into medicine (plus usual care). All exercise programs were guided by sports coaches with a physical education background. Meanwhile, the control group received traditional PR and home exercises, including walking and swimming. The study lasted for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was exercise tolerance using the 6-min walking test and secondary outcomes were the peak oxygen uptake of cardiopulmonary exercise tests, the COPD Assessment Test, and the St. Georges Respiratory Questionnaire. Other evaluated outcomes included changes in postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume at 1st second, forced vital capacity, body fat and muscle composition, and mental status measured using the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales.DiscussionThis study provides a simple, feasible, repeatable, and fun exercise training approach. To the best of our knowledge, there are no randomized controlled trials in the existing literature on PR-integrated sports into medicine. The protocol shared in our study can be used as a reference for exercise training in patients with COPD.Trial registration Ethical approval (BF2020-236-02) was obtained from the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Human Research Ethics Committee. All participants signed an informed consent form. ChiCTR- 2100043543 (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=120298). The registration date is 2021/02/21 and it is the third version.
EDM milling based on a 6-DOF serial robot
Authors: Yue Xiaoming , Chen Zhiyuan , Xu Zuoke , Liu Jing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of insufficient flexibility and limited size of workpiece in traditional EDM milling, an EDM milling method based on 6-DOF serial robot is proposed in this paper. To realize the rapid adjustment of machining gap, a tool electrode servo motion device was invented and installed at the end of a 6-DOF serial robot and a servo control strategy of tool electrode vertical trajectory fallback was proposed. Then, to achieve the controllable thickness of every layer in EDM milling based on 6-DOF serial robot, the servo control strategy of limited motion of the tool electrode on the basis of vertical servo control and a fix-length compensation method to compensate the tool electrode wear were proposed. Finally, to verify the correctness and effectiveness of servo control strategy and wear compensation of tool electrode, the trapezoidal groove structures on the plane workpiece and cylindrical workpiece were machined by EDM milling based on 6-DOF serial robot, respectively. Also, to verify the machining ability of complex trajectory on the space surface of workpiece of EDM milling based on 6-DOF serial robot, three complex trajectories, such as EDM, Chinese character ‘China’ and ‘Chinese knot’, were designed and machined on the hemispherical workpiece with the radius of 38 mm. The feasibility and effectiveness of EDM milling technology based on 6-DOF serial robot were verified, which has great market application potential.
A Novel Energy-Efficient Routing Probabilistic Strategies For Distributed And Localized Heterogeneous Wsn
Authors: sabri yassine , Najib Elkamoun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the context of geographic routing in wireless sensor networks linked by probabilistic communication channels, energy efficient transmission is important to extend the network lifetime. presents a novel probabilistic forwarding approach for directed data transmission without route discovery. In this model, each message is required to reach the base station successfully with a predefined probability, hence sensor nodes which are located nearer to the base station need to relay messages with a certain relay probability. The relationship between the number of relaying nodes and relay probability is analyzed and the condition for relay probability to guarantee the success probability is obtained. We propose a novel methods profor and enprofor protocols are distributed and localized protocols. They can adapt to a topological change of the network and work robustly against individual node failure.. Simulation examples comparing the energy costs for the different strategies illustrate the theoretical analysis in the cases. With the method proposed it is possible to obtain a significant energy savings (up to ten times) with probabilistic transmission rate and power.
Algal oil recovery from crepe cotton processing effluent using Scenedesmus dimorphus in comparison with activated sludge treatment
Authors: Meher Rajanandini , Sharma Naresh Kumar , Manickam Matheshwaran 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Crepe cotton bandages or the surgical cotton fabrics output has risen dramatically in recent years as a result of rising demand from medical experts, particularly in nations like India, which is one of the top five cotton exporters in the world. For the manufacturing of crepe cotton bandages high quality of cotton fibres are used. The effluent released from crepe cotton textile units are distinguished from the other textile effluents by the absence of colouring agents. Suspended particles, COD, dissolved ions, organic carbon, and an alkaline pH characterise this effluent. Several degradation studies of colouring chemicals, organic and inorganic contaminants released from textile effluents have been conducted, but treatment studies on Crepe Cotton Textile Wastewater (CCTW) have been rare, despite their potential environmental threat. Biological treatment of wastewater is an indelible part of any industrial or domestic wastewater treatment plant. Although ASP (activated sludge process) is the most common, and primordial process used to treat wastewater, nevertheless generates ESP (Excess Sludge Produced) is the major disadvantage of this process. Conversely the burgeoning demand for energy has spurred scientists to test the potential of algae for treating wastewater, and energy production as well. Therefore, there is a paucity of knowledge of understanding, and selecting the right ecological, and economical system for effective treatment of cotton processing wastewater till date. In this research article a comparative batch study between activated sludge and microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus with respect to different dilutions (100%, 50%, 25%, 10%) of CCTW was studied. From the results, it was observed that the strain Scenedesmus dimorphus could deplete > 83%, and > 97% of COD from 25%, and 10% of wastewater batches respectively during the microalgal batch study. On the contrary activated sludge microbes could remove maximum 76.40% of carbon from the initial concentration of 3560 mg/l of COD while cultured in 25% of wastewater. Likewise, the reduction efficiency of nitrate nitrogen (NO− 3-N), ammonia nitrogen (NH+ 4-N), phosphate (PO3 − 4-P) was compared. Simultaneously the growth of S. dimorphus by measuring total chlorophyll showed a 1.28-fold increase in biomass in wastewater as comparison with pure culture medium within 15 days of batch experiment conducted in triplicates. After the batch experiment the total lipid content was estimated from the wet algal biomass with extraction efficiency of 90 ± 1.2%. From this study a significant decrease in organic and inorganic pollutants by Scenedesmus dimorphus was noticed as compare to activated sludge microbes.
Countrywide insecticide resistance monitoring and first report of the presence of knock down resistance east in Niger, West Africa
Authors: Soumaila Hadiza , Hamani Boubé , Arzika Ibrahim Issa , Amadou Soumana , Daouda Abdoulaye , Souleymane Iro , Gouro Samira , Sani Mahamane , Mahamadou Izamné , Kadri Saadou , Salé Noura Mamane , Hounkanrin Wilfried , Mahamadou Boubacar , Zamaka Halima , Labbo Rabiou , Jackou Hadiza , Idrissa Sabiti , Coulibaly Eric , Bahari-Tohon Zilahatou , Mathieu Els , Carlson Jenny , Dotson Ellen , Awolola Taiwo Samson , Flatley Cecilia , Chabi Joseph 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Mass distribution of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) is the principal malaria vector control strategy adopted by Niger. To better inform on the most appropriate ITNs to distribute, the Niger National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP), with the support of the U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative and its partners, conducted insecticide resistance monitoring in sixteen sites selected across the country.
Methods
The susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) to chlorfenapyr and pyrethroid insecticides was investigated in nine sites in 2019 and fifteen sites in 2020, including eightfrom the previous year. The susceptibility status, pyrethroid resistance intensity at 5 and 10 times the diagnostic concentrations, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) synergism with diagnostic concentrations of deltamethrin, permethrin and alpha-cypermethrin were assessed using WHO bioassays. Two doses (100 and 200 µg/bottle) of chlorfenapyr were tested using the CDC bottle assay method. Species composition and allele frequencies for knock-down resistance (kdr-west and kdr-east) and acetylcholinesterase (ace-1) mutations were further characterized using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results
High resistance to all pyrethroids tested was observed in all sixteen sites during both years. Pre-exposure to PBO substantially increased susceptibility with average increases in mortality from 30 to 70% for deltamethrin, 0 to 60% for permethrin, and 5 to 70% for alpha-cypermethrin. Susceptibility to chlorfenapyr (100 ug/bottle) was recorded in all sites except in Tessaoua and Magaria where susceptibility was recorded at the dose of 200 ug/bottle. The kdr-e allele, investigated for the first time, was detected in the country. Both kdr-w and kdr-e were present in all 15 sites surveyed in 2020, at frequencies between 0.46–0.81 and 0.41–0.87, respectively. An. coluzzii was the predominant malaria vector species in the 16 sites surveyed for insecticide susceptibility followed by An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis.
Conclusion
The data collected showed high resistance to pyrethroids with the involvement of various resistance mechanisms, which will guide the NMCP in making evidence-based decisions to better adapt vector control strategies and insecticide resistance management in Niger, starting with the introduction of new generation ITNs such as interceptor G2 and PBO ITNs for mass distribution campaigns, by targeting sites where the vector population showed susceptibility to chlorfenapyr or increased mortality using PBO synergism.
Risk factors for failed back surgery syndrome following open posterior lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar disease
Authors: Xu Wenbo , Ran Bingbing , Zhao Jianhui , Luo Wenqi , Gu Rui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: We aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) following open posterior lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar disease (DLD).Method: A multivariate regression analysis was performed for 333 consecutive patients to identify potential risk factors for FBSS. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the validated North American Spine Society (NASS) Questionnaire and numerical rating scale (NRS) for pain. Demographics, diagnostic characteristics, surgical data, radiographic parameters for each patient were analyzed. Result: 16.8％ of the included patients were classified as FBSS. Univariate analysis showed that age, hypertension, symptom location, intermittent claudication, preoperative pain NRS-leg, HIZ, Modic changes (MCs), surgical strategy and postoperative rehabilitation were related to FBSS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that preoperative NRS-leg (OR:0.80, 95%CI:0.71-0.91, P=0.001), hypertension (OR: 2.22, 95%CI: 1.10-4.51, P=0.027), intermittent claudication with waking distance > 100m (OR: 4.07, 95%CI: 1.75-9.47, P=0.001) and waking distance ≤ 100m (OR: 12.43, 95%CI: 5.54-27.92, P＜0.001), HIZ (OR: 8.26, 95%CI: 4.00-17.04, P＜0.001), MCs (OR: 3.41, 95%CI: 1.73-6.71, P＜0.001), postoperative rehabilitation (OR: 2.63, 95%CI: 1.13-6.12 , P=0.024) were risk factors for FBSS.Conclusion: Open posterior lumbar surgery is an effective treatment for DLD which provide pain reduction and lumbar curve improvement with a considerable satisfaction rate. Lower preoperative NRS-leg, hypertension, intermittent claudication, HIZ, MCs and postoperative rehabilitation are risk factors for FBSS, who can serve as a tool for clinicians to identify at-risk population and provide more effective management to mitigate the doctor-patient contradicts and further occupation of medical resources.