bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A gut-derived hormone switches dietary preference after mating
Authors: Malita Alina , Kubrak Olga , Koyama Takashi , Ahrentløv Nadja , Halberg Kenneth , Texada Michael , Nagy Stanislav , Rewitz Kim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Animals must adapt their dietary choices to meet their nutritional needs. How these needs are detected and translated into nutrient-specific appetites that drive food-choice behaviors is poorly defined. Here, we show that the enteroendocrine cells (EECs) of the adult female Drosophila midgut sense nutrients and in response release neuropeptide F (NPF), an ortholog of mammalian NPY-family gut-brain hormones. Gut-derived NPF acts via effects on glucagon-like adipokinetic hormone (AKH) signaling to induce sugar satiety and to drive hunger for protein-rich food, and on adipose tissue to promote storage of ingested nutrients. Suppression of gut NPF leads to overconsumption of dietary sugar while decreasing intake of protein-rich yeast. Furthermore, we show a female-specific function of gut-derived NPF in the suppression of AKH signaling after mating. This induces a dietary switch that promotes preference for protein-containing food to support reproduction. Together, our findings suggest that the gut NPF-AKH axis regulates appetite that drives specific food choices to ensure homeostatic consumption of nutrients, providing insight into the hormonal mechanisms that underlie nutrient-specific hungers.
Automatic Semantic Annotation of News Images in Mobile Internet of Things and Construction of Semantic Internet of Things System
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Ling Feng , Chen Haijun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
With the continuous development of mobile and semantic IoT (Internet of Things), the number of news images is increasing sharply. Automatic semantic annotation technology is an important tool to manage and retrieve news images. Therefore, the study is focused on the automatic semantic annotation of news images. First, the problems of the existing automatic annotation methods of news images are analyzed and studied, and then an automatic semantic annotation method of news images based on the fusion of weight and features is proposed. The proposed method extracts the colour features, texture features, and shape features of news images to determine their stability by using the standard deviation of features, and then calculates the weighting coefficient to realize automatic annotation of the news images. The results of the study in the corel5k dataset show that the accuracy of the weight-feature fusion annotation model is 60% for the colour feature, 62% for the texture feature, and 67% for the mixture of colour, shape, and texture. The accuracy of the fusion of weight and feature annotation method is 7% higher than that of the single feature annotation method. The maximum accuracy of the fusion of weight and feature annotation method is 91.2%. The study provides a reference for the research of automatic annotation of news images.
Recurrence hazard of severe postoperative inflammatory response after curative resection of colorectal cancer
Authors: Nakamura Yuya , Yamaura Tadayoshi , Kinjo Yousuke , Kawase Makoto , Kanto Satoshi , Kuroda Nobukazu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The relationship between recurrence and systemic inflammation in the early postoperative period of colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear, and no study has examined changes in recurrence risk resulting from postoperative inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of severe postoperative inflammatory response after curative resection of CRC.
Methods
Subjects were 422 consecutive CRC patients who underwent curative surgery between 2012 and 2016, with a follow-up period of 5 years after surgery. The prognostic impacts of high and low postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were examined, and temporal changes in recurrence risk were examined using hazard function analysis.
Results
Patients were divided into high (n = 68) and low (n = 354) CRP groups using CRP 12.5 mg/dL as the cut-off based on receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Multivariable analysis revealed that high CRP was a significant predictor of recurrence (hazard ratio: 2.21; p < 0.001). According to the hazard function of recurrence risk, the hazard rate of the low CRP group peaked at 8.4 months postoperatively (peak hazard rate: 0.0073/month) and decreased thereafter, while that of the high CRP group peaked at 5.6 months (0.0142/month) and was persistently higher than that of the low CRP group for the study duration.
Conclusions
A severe inflammatory response in the early postoperative period of CRC increased the recurrence risk, and the recurrence hazard of patients with high CRP levels was earlier and persistently higher than that of patients with low CRP levels. CRC patients with high CRP levels may require more frequent follow-up.
Geometry aware physics informed neural network surrogate for solving Navier-Stokes equation (GAPINN)
Authors: Oldenburg Jan , Borowski Finja , Öner Alper , Schmitz Klaus-Peter , Stiehm Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Many real world problems involve fluid flow phenomena, typically be described by the Navier-Stokes equations. The Navier-Stokes equations are partial differential equations (PDEs) with highly nonlinear properties. Currently mostly used methods solve this differential equation by the help of discretizing geometries. In the field of fluid mechanics the finite volume method (FVM) is widely used for numerical flow simulation, so-called computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Due to high computational costs and cumbersome generation of the discretization they are not widely used in real time applications. Our presented work focuses on advancing the PDE-constrained deep learning framework for more real-world applications with irregular geometries without parameterization. We present a deep neural network framework generate surrogates by data free solely physics driven training, by minimizing the residuals of the governing PDEs (i.e., conservation laws) so that no computationally expensive CFD simulation data is needed. We named this method Geometry Aware Physics Informed Neural Network - GAPINN. The framework involves three network types. The first network reduces the dimensions of the irregular geometries to a latent representation. In this work we used a Variational Auto Encoder (VAE) for this task. We proposed the concept of using this latent representation in combination with spatial coordinates as input for PINNs. Using PINNs we showed that it is possible to train a surrogate model purely driven on the reduction of the residuals of the underlying PDE for irregular non-parametric geometries. Furthermore, we showed the way of designing a boundary constraining network (BCN) to hardly enforce boundary conditions during training of the PINN. We evaluated this concept on test cases in the fields of biofluidmechanics. The experiments comprise laminar flow (Re = 500) in irregular shaped vessels. The main highlight of the presented GAPINN is the use of PINNs on irregular non-parameterized geometries. Despite that we showed the usage of this framework for Navier Stokes equations, it should be feasible to adapt this framework for other problems described by PDEs.
Impact of frailty status on clinical and functional outcomes after concomitant valve replacement and bipolar radiofrequency ablation in patients aged 65 years and older
Authors: Lin Zhi-qin , Chen Xiu-jun , Dai Xiao-fu , Chen Liang-wan , Lin Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The present study aims to investigate the impact of frailty status in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) after concomitant valve replacement (VR) and bipolar radiofrequency ablation (BRFA).Methods: In a single-center retrospective observational cohort study, we compared the clinical and functional outcomes in frail versus non-frail patients. Frailty was assessed using the 5-item Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) frailty scale. Patients were divided into two groups: Frail and Non-Frail. Functional outcome was assessed using the internationally validated Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy-of-Life (AFEQT) questionnaire.Results: One hundred and eighty five patients ≥ 65 years who underwent concomitant VR and BRFA were studied. About 36.2% (n=67) of the patients were included in the frail group and the rest (n=118) in the non-frail group. Follow-up was complete with the median duration of 58 months [interquartile range (IQR), 44–76 months]. Significant differences were observed among groups with respect to postoperative pulmonary complication (50.74% vs. 22.9%, P=0.000) and hospital mortality (10.45% vs. 1.69%, P=0.021). The frail group had a higher adjusted risk for all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 4.06; 95%CI, 1.33-12.38; P = .014) and all-cause hospitalization (adjusted HR, 2.24; 95%CI, (1.12-4.50); P = .023). Frailty was associated with lower overall AFEQT scores at baseline (Estimate, -0.400; 95%CI, −0.532 to −0.267; P<.001). The frail group continued to have lower overall AFEQT scores with no significant improvement in follow-up vs the non-frail group at 1 year and at 2 years after concomitant VR and BRFA.Conclusion: Frail patients have lower baseline AFEQT score and are more likely to have adverse outcomes from postoperative pulmonary complications, and frailty is also an independent risk factor for long-term all-cause mortality and all-cause rehospitalization. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of frailty.
Antimicrobial resistance status of selected bacteria isolated from animal source foods and feed in Ethiopia
Authors: Tefera Belachew , Tefera Nardos , Tilki Tamiru , Bayene Zerihun , Belew Sileshi , Haftu Rigbe , Tolasa Fediko , Nuguse Yosef , Ararso Sinke , Getachew Daniel , Soyum Befikadu , Andualem Tenaw 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of major food-borne pathogens has become an increasing public health problem worldwide. In the present study, AMR profile of selected target bacterial pathogens isolated from animal source foods (ASFs) and feed was conducted.
Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted from August 2019 to July 2021 in high potential meat and dairy products and commercial animal feed supply chain areas of Ethiopia. A total of 642 ASFs and feed samples collected from purposively selected sampling sites were examined at microbiology laboratory of animal products, veterinary drug and feed quality assessment center. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) were conducted using automated Vitek 2 XL compact system.
Results
Out of 642 investigated samples, 24 different genera and 59 species of bacteria were identified. A total of 185 samples were positive for target bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spps. The AST results showed AMR of target bacteria isolates against some of the tested antimicrobials. Of these, 83, 55 and 92% isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spps, respectively, showed high AMR development levels to Benzylpenicillin, Tetracycline and Cefalexin/Gentamicin.
Conclusions
The target bacteria isolated from ASFs and feed demonstrated multidrug resistance against some of the tested antimicrobials having public and veterinary importance. This reflects that ASFs and feed could serve as one of the sources of the spread and transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacterial pathogens. Hence, improving hygiene and sanitation management practices along the ASFs and feed supply chains, raising community awareness about the risks of AMR, strengthening good veterinary practices and further investigations on AMR are recommended.
Impact of anticancer therapy on the quality of life of Sudanese patients with breast cancer at Khartoum oncology hospital
Authors: Aldaak Mawada , Suliman Hayat M. , Abdoon Iman Hassan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer treatment-related side effects affect quality of life (QOL) of patients. QOL has increasingly become a primary outcome measure for treatment efficacy. This study aimed to assess the impact of various anticancer therapies on QOL of Sudanese patients with breast cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Khartoum Oncology Hospital, Sudan, from November 2020 to March 2021. All patients diagnosed with breast cancer were included in the study. QOL was assessed using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C-30) and breast cancer supplementary module (QLQ-BR23). ANOVA, independent t-test and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the association between variables. Results: 200 patients were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 50±11.7 years. 52.5% of the patients were on a conventional therapy whereas 40.5% and 7% received hormonal and HER2-targeted therapies, respectively. In QLQ-C30 scale, the global health status score was (53. 2±1.9), with 54.0% of patients having poor global health status. In the functional scale, the cognitive functioning was the highest score (80.7±1.8). In QLQ-C30 symptom scale, the most distressing issue was financial difficulties (63.7±2.9). In QLQ-BR23scale, body image (47.7±2.7) scored the worse functioning, with 58.5% of patients having poor QOL. In QLQ-BR23 symptoms scale, "being upset by hair loss" was the highest disturbing symptom (62.1±3.3), with 68.5% of patients having poor QOL. Global health status (P=0.000), social (P=0.000), emotional (P=0.002) and role functioning (P=0.000) were significantly higher in patients taking HER2-targeted or hormonal therapy compared with conventional therapy. The level of symptomatology was significantly low in patients taking HER2-targeted therapy or hormonal therapy (P=0.000) when compared with conventional therapy. Hormonal (OR=3.88, p=0.005) and HER2-targeted therapies (OR=10.8, p=0.032) were positive predictors of QOL.Conclusion: Breast cancer survivors in Sudan had a low QOL/global health status. Hormonal and HER2-targeted therapies were predictors of good QOL.
Metastatic high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS) with BCOR rearrangement: A case report
Authors: Fong Ashlyn , Offman Saul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The ZC3H7B-BCOR fusion gene has recently been described in tumours with kinship to so-called high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS). This subset of tumour behaves similarly to YWHAE-NUTM2A/B HG-ESS, however, they are both morphologically and immunophenotypically distinct neoplasms. The identification rearrangements in the BCOR gene has been accepted as both the driver and requisite feature in creating a novel sub-entity within the category of HG-ESS.Preliminary investigations into BCOR HG-ESS have shown similar outcomes to YWHAE-NUTM2A/B HG-ESS with patients tending to present with high stage disease. Clinical recurrences and metastases to lymph nodes, sacrum/bone, pelvis/peritoneum, lung, bowel and skin have been identified. In this report, we describe a case of BCOR HG-ESS, that is deeply myoinvasive and widely metastatic. Metastatic deposits include a tumor in the breast discovered on self-examination; a metastatic site that has yet to be reported in the literature.Case Presentation: A 59-year-old female underwent biopsy for post-menopausal bleeding, yielding a diagnosis of “low-grade spindle cell neoplasm with myxoid stroma and endometrial glands”, favouring endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS). She was referred for total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The uterine neoplasm was both intracavitary and deeply myoinvasive with morphology consistent with that of the biopsy specimen. Characteristic immunohistochemistry (IHC) was noted, and fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed BCOR rearrangement, supporting a diagnosis of BCOR high grade ESS (HG-ESS). Notably, BCOR HG-ESS has been proposed to have an association with MDM2 amplification but there were no abnormalities of MDM2 associated with this case. A few months postoperatively, the patient underwent breast core biopsy which revealed metastatic HG-ESS at a site not previously reported in the literature. Conclusions: This case highlights some of the diagnostic challenges posed by uterine mesenchymal neoplasms, and exemplifies the emerging histomorphologic, immunohistochemical, molecular and clinicopathologic features of the recently described HG-ESS with ZC3H7B-BCOR fusion gene. It adds to the body of evidence supporting the inclusion of BCOR HG-ESS as a sub-entity of HG-ESS within the endometrial stromal and related tumours subcategory of uterine mesenchymal tumors, as well as the poor prognosis and high metastatic potential of this tumor.
Spatial prediction of landslide susceptibility using Frequency Ration (FR) and Shannon Entropy (SE) models: a case study from northern Rif, Morocco.
Authors: Es-smairi Abderrazzak , Elmoutchou Brahim , Mir Riyaz Ahmad , Touhami Abdelouahed El Ouazani , Namous Mustapha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, a methodology for mapping and identifying the areas prone to landslides as well as to predict and reduce their impacts has been develop in the coastline between Tetouan-BouAhmed and its hinterlands, North Morocco. The area in the context of geological, morphological, climatic, seismic, and anthropogenic conditions is extremely favoring landslide occurrences. The trend of this phenomenon is expected to be growing over a course of time due to exceptional increasing rain events in response to climate change. A booming development of infrastructure and large quarrying activity, at the cost of forests on mountainous areas are strongly predisposed to mass movements. Their consequences are extremely large on various components such as on road network, habitat, hydraulic and electrical lines, protective structures, forest and vegetation systems, agricultural lands, littoral coast etc. For evaluating the susceptibility of landslide occurrences, the approach consists integrating a set of multisource data in GIS platform using Frequency Ration (FR) and Shannon Entropy (SE) models. For building these models, a total of 905 unstable slopes and eleven landslides causative factors were utilized based on multicollinearity test. Results of validation showed good prediction ability (> 76%) for both the models. However, the accuracy prediction indicated that the FR is about 3% more precise than SE model. More than 60% of the area is classified as dangerous that is prone to high landslide activities. The study may be of great importance to the managers and regulatory bodies for devising the guidelines for prevention, assessment, management and sustainable development in this region.
A Direct Referencing Method of the Tibial Plateau for the Posterior Tibial Slope in Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Akagi Masao , Aya Hisafumi , Mori Shigeshi , Syogaku Nobuhisa , Tsukamoto Ichiro , Moritake Akihiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is no consensus on intraoperative references for the posterior tibial slope (PTS) in medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). An arthroscopic hook probe placed on the medial second quarter of the medial tibial plateau (MTP) in an anteroposterior direction may be used as a direct anatomical reference for the PTS. The purpose of this study is to investigate availability and accuracy of this method.
Methods
Marginal osteophyte formation and subchondral depression of the MTP, and angles between the bony MTP and the cartilage MTP were retrospectively evaluated using preoperative sagittal MRI of 73 knees undergoing medial UKA. In another 36 knees, intraoperative lateral knee radiographs with the probe placed on the MTP were prospectively taken in addition to the preoperative MRI. Then, angles between the bony MTP and the probe axis and angles between the preoperative bony MTP and the postoperative implant MTP were measured.
Results
Among 73 knees, one knee with Grade 4 osteoarthritis had a posterior osteophyte higher than the most prominent point of the cartilage MTP. No subchondral depression affected the direct reference of the MTP. Mean angle between the bony MTP and the cartilage MTP was − 0.8°±0.7° (-2.6°-1.0°, n = 72), excluding the one knee with “high” osteophyte. Mean angle between the bony MTP and the probe axis on the intraoperative radiograph was − 0.6°±0.4° (-1.7-0.0, n = 36). Mean angle between the pre- and the postoperative MTP was − 0.5°±1.5° (-2.9°-1.8°). Root mean square (RMS) error of these two PTS angles was 1.6° with this method.
Conclusion
Cartilage remnants, osteophyte formation and subchondral bone depression does not affect the direct referencing method in almost all knees for which medial UKA is indicated. When the posterior “high” osteophyte of the MTP is noted on preoperative radiograph, preoperative MRI or CT scan is recommended to confirm no “high” osteophyte on the medial second quarter. Accuracy of this method seems equal to that of the robotic-assisted surgery (the RMS error in previous reports, 1.6°-1.9°).
Clinical study on the effect of individual rod bending in internal fixation of AO-A3 thoracolumbar fractures: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Shi Zongpo , Wang Boyao , Zhang Chen , Yang Gaungxu , Nicolas Yap San Min , Chen Ji , Chen Qiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Spinal pedicle screw internal fixation is a mature technique for the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. A large number of studies have shown that the bending angle of the connecting rod has a significant correlation with the postoperative spinal stability. However, there has been no study to determine a reliable method to guide the bending angle of the connecting rod during operation. The purpose of our research was to explore an individualized rod bending method and analyze its effect in AO-A3 thoracolumbar fractures.
Methods
The angles (angles A, B, A', B') of upper and lower motion segments before and after fracture were measured in 64 patients. By analyzing the correlations between H and angle changes(ΔA, ΔB) of the vertebra, a linear regression model was established to derive the bending angle. A total of 48 patients with fractures(AO-A3) were included and assigned to observation groups and control groups in order to measure the sagittal parameters after three years of follow-up, including LL, TK, SVA ,ASD,PT, PI and SS.
Result
There was a significant linear correlation between H and angle change (ΔA, ΔB) of the vertebra. The correlation coefficient was 12.24 and 8.62,respectively. The formula for guiding bending rod was 1.50×(A’+B’) + 31.29H-0.38. Compared with normal group, there were significant differences in LL, TK, PT and SS in the control group(P༜0.05), but no significant differences in the observation group(P༞0.05). The incidences of SVA > 50mm were 23.08% and 22.73% in the two group respectively and the incidences of ASD were 7.69% and 13.64%, respectively. There was significant difference identified between the two groups in ASD(P༜0.05), but not in SVA༞50mm(P༞0.05).
Conclusion
Using this method to guide the bending rod during the operation can well restore the sagittal angle and reconstruct the stability of the spine after operation.