bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of the major dietary patterns with the risk of prediabetes among population from south-west of Iran: findings from Hoveizeh Cohort study
Authors: Sajadi Pegah , Hosseini Seyed Ahmad , Cheraghian Bahman , Mansoori Anahita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has become a growing concern in recent years due to its great risks for public health. Nowadays dietary pattern has drawn considerable attention regarding the relationship between diet and diseases. In the present study we aimed at identifying major dietary patterns and their relationship to prediabetes.
Methods: In this case control study 5377 individuals (1335 people with prediabetes and 4042 controls) were recruited from Hoveizeh cohort study part of the Persian cohort study. A semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to collect participants’ dietary intake, and major dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Adherence to the patterns was divided in to quartiles and the relationship between dietary patterns and prediabetes was then assessed using logistic regression analysis. The correlation between patterns and components of lipid profile was also assessed by logistic regression.
Results: four major patterns were identified: 1) fruits and vegetables 2) traditional 3) Sweets and snacks 4) prudent. None of which was associated with prediabetes after adjusting for confounding factors. But fruits and vegetables pattern was associated with low HDL.c (fourth VS first quartile OR: 1.539, 95%CI: 1.094–2.164). Also prudent pattern was negatively associated with high LDL.c (fourth VS. first quartile OR: 0.769, 95%CI: 0.622–0.952)
Conclusion: although No significant association was found between identified dietary patterns and the risk of prediabetes, an association was found between fruits and vegetables pattern and low HDL.c in people with prediabetes due to high consumption of refined grains. There was also a negative association between prudent pattern and high LDL.c because of high amounts of olive oil and vegetable oil and low intake of hydrogenated oil and animal fat.
Study on Diagrid Structural System Used in High Rise Building by Using Etabs
Authors: Shajahan Mohammed , Hemalatha Chelpuri 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Now a days. The reinforcement concretes frames are mostly used in the world. With increasing population, the land is scarce and expensive, where the high-rise building is representing the best solution for the solving the problem. The evolution of the tall buildings structural systems based on the new concepts with newly adopted high strength materials and construction methods have to developed the stiffness and lightness. recently diagrid system is adopted in the high rise building to improve efficiency and flexibility in architectural planning. In this study, the 4 models are prepared for the 12-storey building by providing open space core section in the structure is prepared with 4 different angles i.e., 50.2 0 (2-storey connection), 67.40 (4-storey connection module), 74.2 0(6- storey connection module), 820 (12 storey connection) from that finding optimum angle for the 12-storey model in all criteria. After the 12-storey building analysis, compare the results with the optimum angle for the 12-storey building and simple frame building in terms of storey displacement, storey drifts and materials consumption for different model and also apply the optimum angle for the 24-storey building of diagrid system compared with the 24-storey simple frame structure in terms of all criteria.
Dramatic Change in Crustal Thickness across the Taiwan Orogeny Constrained by Moho-refraction Recorded by Formosa Array
Authors: Shih Min-Hung , Lai Ya-Chuan , Lin Cheng-Horng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Taiwan orogenic belt is formed by the strong convergence between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The detailed mountain building process is still under debated largely due to the poor constraint of the deep crustal structures, particularly the geometry at the Moho-depth. Here the Moho-refracted P waves are identified from the seismic data recorded by a dense seismic array (Formosa Array) in northern Taiwan. Although the refracted seismic energy is often weak at each individual station, the waveform similarity recorded at the nearby stations provides a reliable constraint for estimating the apparent velocity recorded by the dense seismic array. The forward modeling of the observed Moho-refracted P waves shows a significantly larger crustal thickness (~ 52 km) beneath the Backbone Ranges than beneath the adjacent Hsuehshan Ranges (~ 36 km). Such a result is not only confirming the Moho variations along a few of the NW-SE profiles from the previous studies, but also showing the strong Moho variation is well extended along the NE-SW directions. The dramatic change in the crustal thickness across the Taiwan orogeny strongly indicate that the orogenic deformation in Taiwan might extend beyond the shallow crust, possibly involving in the deep crust and upper mantle.
Mutations in the nonstructural protein coding region regulate gene expression from replicon RNAs derived from venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Lin Guibin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Self-replicating RNA (repRNA) derived from venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus is a promising platform for gene therapy and confers prolonged gene expression due to its self-replicating capability, but repRNA suffers from a suboptimal transgene expression level due to its induction of intracellular innate response which may result in inhibition of translation. To improve transgene expression of repRNA, we introduced point mutations in the non-structural protein 1-4 (nsP1-4) coding region of VEE replicon vectors. As a proof of concept, inflammatory cytokines served as genes of interest and were cloned in either their wild type or several mutant replicon vectors, followed by transfection in mammalian cells. Our data show that VEE replicons bearing nsP1GGAC-nsP2T and nsP1GGAC-nsP2AT mutations in the nsP1-4 coding region significantly enhance transgene expression. Thus, the newly discovered mutant VEE replicon vectors could serve as promising gene expression platforms to advance VEE-derived repRNA-based gene therapies.
UK prescribing practice of anticoagulants in patients with chronic kidney disease: A nephrology and haematology-based survey
Authors: Parker Kathrine , Choudhuri Satarupa , Lewis Penny , Thachil Jecko , Mitra Sandip 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A survey to gain insight into anticoagulant prescribing practice in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD) across the UK was disseminated via renal and haematology networks. Areas of anticoagulant use included patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), requiring thromboprophylaxis for VTE, Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and nephrotic syndrome.
An online-survey was disseminated via British Haematology Society, UK Kidney Association, and Renal Pharmacy Group over a five month period. All responses were voluntary and anonymous.
Among 117 responses there were 49 nephrology doctors, 47 renal pharmacists and 20 haematology clinicians. A specialist multidisciplinary team to discuss the specific anticoagulant management of these patients was only available to 3% (4/117) respondents. Renal function estimate used for anticoagulant dosing was mainly Cockcroft-Gault for pharmacists and haematology but lab-based estimates were used by nephrology doctors. Therapeutic dose of Low Molecular Weight Heparin was mostly likely to be reduced by one-third when used for VTE treatment, with the majority of units undertaking anti-Xa monitoring in CKD stage 5 and dialysis. Direct-acting Oral Anticoagulants s are being used in patients with nephrotic syndrome, those with CKD stage 5 and on dialysis for VTE and AF in the absence of license in these indications.
This survey highlighted the significant differences between anticoagulant prescribing in CKD between two professional specialties and marked variation between centres in anticoagulant management strategies employed for these patients. With gaps still existing in the evidence base and answers to these not expected within the next few years, development of a best-practice guideline would be warranted to support clinicians in this field.
Modelling the seismic response of a maar volcanic structure
Authors: Labuta Martin , Oprsal Ivo , Burjánek Jan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, we determine the properties of the maar volcanic structure using ambient vibration analysis. We performed several ambient vibrations surveys at Mýtina maar (West-Bohemia, Czechia) to map amplification by site-to-reference spectral ratios and to estimate average shear wave velocities by array methods. As the maar diatreme is formed by a deep concave body of broken rock, strong three-dimensional resonances develop. The site-to-reference amplification factors reach a value of 20 in the central part of the maar. Using the noise data, we demonstrate possibility of mapping the lateral dimensions of the maar infills by ambient noise measurements. To understand these observations, we developed a simplified 3D viscoelastic velocity model and simulated synthetic ambient vibrations by the finite difference method. The simulated response fitted both, measured fundamental frequencies, and the amplification levels. The maximum depth of the crater was estimated to be at least 800 m.
Comparative analyses and phylogenetic relationships of thirteen Pholidota species (Orchidaceae) inferred from complete chloroplast genomes
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Wanyao , Zhang Guoqiang , Wu Kunlin , Fang Lin , Li Mingzhi , Liu Zhongjian , Zeng Songjun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground The orchid genusPholidotaLindl. ex Hook. is ecologically important as some species has long been used in traditional medicine. However, the systematic status of the genus and intergeneric relationships inferred from previous molecular studies are unclear due to insufficient sampling and lack of informative sites. So far, the taxonomy ofPholidotaremains controversial and only limited genomic information has been available. In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of thirteenPholidotaspecies were sequenced and analyzed to gain insight into the phylogeny ofPholidotaand mutation patterns in their cp genomes. Results All examined thirteenPholidotacp genomes exhibited typical quadripartite circular structures, with the size ranging from 158,786 to 159,781 bp. The annotation contained a total of 135 genes in each cp genome, i.e., 89 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The codon usage analysis indicated the preference of A/U-ending codons. Repeat sequence analysis identified 444 tandem repeats, 322 palindromic repeats and 189 dispersed repeats. A total of 525 SSRs, 13,834 SNPs and 8,630 InDels were detected. Six mutational hotspots were identified as potential molecular markers. These molecular markers and highly variable regions are expected to facilitate future genetic and genome studies. Phylogenetic analyses confirm that the genusPholidotais polyphyletic, with species grouped into four main clades:Pholidotas.s. was well-supported as the sister to a clade comprising two members ofCoelogyne; the other two clades clustered together with species ofBulleyiaandPanisea, respectively; speciesP. ventricosawas placed at basal position, deviated from those three clades. Conclusion This is the first study to comprehensively examine the genetic variations and systematically analyze the phylogeny and evolution ofPholidotabased on plastid genome data. These findings contribute to a better understanding of plastid genome evolution ofPholidotaand provide new insights into the phylogeny ofPholidotaand its closely related genera within the subtribe Coelogyninae. Our research has laid the foundation for future studies on the evolutionary mechanisms and classification of this economically and medicinally important genus.
Better together against genetic effect heterogeneity:
a sex-combined interaction analysis of testosterone
levels in the UK Biobank data
Authors: Lin Boxi , Sun Lei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The effect of a genetic variant on a complex trait may differ between female and male, and in the presence of such genetic effect heterogeneity, sex-stratified analysis is often used. For example, genetic effects are sex-specific for testosterone levels, and sex-stratified analysis of testosterone in literature provided easy-to-interpret, sex-specific effect size estimates. However, from the perspective of association testing power, sex-stratified analysis may not be the best approach. As sex-specific genetic effect implies SNP×Sex interaction effect, jointly testing SNP main and SNP×Sex interaction effects may be more powerful than sex-stratified analysis or the standard main-effect testing approach. Moreover, since individual data may be unavailable, it is then of interest to study if the interaction analysis can be derived from sex-stratified summary statistics. We considered several different sex-combined methods and evaluated them through extensive simulation studies. We observed that a) the joint SNP main and SNP×Sex interaction analysis is most robust to a wide range of genetic models, and b) this joint interaction testing result can be obtained by quadratically combining sex-stratified summary statistics (i.e. squared sum of the sex-stratified summary statistics). We then reanalysed the testosterone levels of the UK Biobank data using sex-combined interaction analysis, which identified 27 new loci that were missed by the sex-stratified approach and the standard sex-combined analysis. Finally, we provide supporting association evidence for nine new loci, uniquely identified by the sex-combined interaction analysis, from earlier association studies of either testosterone level or steroid biosynthesis pathway where testosterone is synthesized. We thus recommend sex-combined interaction analysis, particularly for traits with known sex differences, for most powerful association testing, then followed by sex-stratified analysis for effect size estimation and interpretation.
Nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation in subtropical mangrove soils and the environmental and ecological implication
Authors: Lin Ling , Wang Feifei , Cao Wenzhi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) links the oxidation of greenhouse gases with the removal of nitrogen oxide, and such a linkage constitutes distinctive carbon-nitrogen coupling. This study utilizes a laboratory slurry incubation, carbon isotope tracing, and metagenomic techniques to explore the N-DAMO process in mangrove soils and measure its reaction rate. In addition, review on the N-DAMO processes in fifty-two different ecosystems around the world is conducted to further reveal the environmental and ecological impact of the N-DAMO process in mangrove soils. The results indicated that the N-DAMO rate in mangrove soil was 63.62 ± 0.39 nmol CO2-C g− 1 d− 1, and the N-DAMO process converted over 60% of the CH4 generated by mangrove soils to CO2. Without the N-DAMO process, the CH4 emissions of mangrove soils would increase by 2.5 folds. Moreover, the nitrogen removal rate of this process was 169.66 ± 1.04 nmol N g− 1 d− 1, which demonstrated an obvious purification effect. Hence, the N-DAMO process is critical to balance C/N values in mangrove soils. Existing studies have shown that high-levels of N-DAMO exist in rivers/lakes, peatlands, and wetland ecosystems. Among the wetland ecosystems, the rate of the N-DAMO process in mangrove soils is higher. This study deepens the understanding of coupling biogeochemical cycle of carbon and nitrogen and provides a scientific basis for an accurate assessment of blue carbon sink functionality in mangrove soils.
DNase I and chitosan enhance efficacy of ceftazidime to eradicate Burkholderia pseudomallei biofilm cells
Authors: Pakkulnan Rattiyaphorn , Thonglao Nuttaya , Chareonsudjai Sorujsiri 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Biofilm-associated Burkholderia pseudomallei infection contributes to antibiotic resistance and relapse of melioidosis. Burkholderia pseudomallei biofilm matrix contains extracellular DNA (eDNA) that is crucial for biofilm establishment. However, the contribution of eDNA to antibiotic resistance by B. pseudomallei remains unclear. In this study, we first demonstrated in vitro that DNase I with the administration of ceftazidime (CAZ) at 24 h considerably inhibited the 2-day biofilm formation and reduced the number of viable biofilm cells of clinical B. pseudomallei isolates compared to biofilm treated with CAZ alone. A 3–4 log reduction in numbers of viable cells embedded in the 2-day biofilm was observed when CAZ was combined with DNase I. Confocal laser-scanning microscope visualization emphasized the competence of DNase I followed by CAZ supplementation to significantly limit B. pseudomallei biofilm development and to eradicate viable embedded B. pseudomallei biofilm cells. Furthermore, DNase I supplemented with chitosan (CS) linked with CAZ (CS/CAZ) significantly eradicated shedding planktonic and biofilm cells. These findings indicated that DNase I effectively degraded eDNA leading to biofilm inhibition and dispersion, subsequently allowing CAZ and CS/CAZ to eradicate both shedding planktonic and embedded biofilm cells. These findings may be applied in development of novel approaches for management of biofilm-associated infections.
Silicone ring tourniquet could be a substitute for a conventional tourniquet in distal femur surgeries with a longer surgical field: A prospective comparative study in simultaneous total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lee Tae sung , Park Kwan Kyu , Cho Byung Woo , Lee Woo-Suk , Kwon Hyuck Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction

This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of silicon ring tourniquets and conventional pneumatic tourniquets in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The study compared the operation time, total bleeding amount, length from the tourniquet distal end to the patella superior pole (L_TP), and complications related to the two tourniquet application methods and attempted to determine whether the silicon ring tourniquet has advantages over conventional pneumatic tourniquets.

Material and Methods

This prospective comparative study included 30 patients who underwent bilateral simultaneous TKA for degenerative osteoarthritis in August to December 2021. All patients underwent TKA on one side with a conventional pneumatic tourniquet, while TKA on the other side with a silicon ring tourniquet. The primary outcomes were the L_TP, operation time, tourniquet time, total bleeding amount, total drainage amount, and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score at 6, 24, and 48 h postoperatively. The secondary outcome was tourniquet-related complications in both groups.

Results

L_TP was significantly longer in the silicon ring tourniquet group compared with that in the pneumatic tourniquet group (20.22 ± 2.74 cm versus 15.12 ± 2.40, p < 0.001). No significant difference was found in other results. The tourniquet applied site pain was less in the silicon ring tourniquet group (p = 0.037).

Conclusions

Silicon ring tourniquet application resulted in better clinical outcomes than conventional pneumatic tourniquets in TKA. Because we can obtain a wider surgical field using silicon ring tourniquets without complications, silicon ring tourniquets could be a substitute for conventional pneumatic tourniquets in distal femoral surgeries.
River Bank Erosion and Vulnerability Assessment for the Alluvial section of Barak River in North-East India by In-situ Approach
Authors: DAS TINKLE , ASHWINI KUMAR , Sil BRITI Sundar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the floodplains of alluvial rivers, riverbank erosion is one of the most significant geomorphological problems. The Barak River is one of the critical river basins of North-East India. During the monsoon, the river is subject to regular catastrophic floods and erosion, which significantly impact the state's overall development. Embankment breaches induced by riverbank erosion have become a frequent occurrence. This study aims to determine the annual riverbank erosion and identify the locations most vulnerable to erosion of the Barak River by in-situ submerged Jet Erosion apparatus. 40 in-situ submerged jet experiments were conducted to determine the erodibility parameters of the bank soil. The results show that the spatial variation in erosion parameters of river banks varies significantly, with a magnitude of \({\tau }_{c}\) (critical shear stress) range from 0.1 to 55 Pa, and the values of \({K}_{d}\)(erodibility coefficient) range from 0.1 to 10 cm3/N.s. Annual River bank erosion at the study sites was estimated using measured erosion parameters, and the results fell within the ranges previously reported. The JET test result indicated that a highly erodible to resistant vulnerability condition exists within the selected location. The most erodible sites are Sonai, Tarapur Nathpara, and Panchgram. The actual bank erosion of the chosen reach was checked by comparing the estimated bank erosion to the observed satellite images. The findings of this study demonstrate that the soil erosion parameters of the river bank are location specific; and therefore, it needs to be tested locally for precise estimation of stream bank erosion.
The clinical manifestation and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with a history of ischemic heart disease (IHD); a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Tajmirriahi Marzieh , Sami Ramin , Mansourian Marjan , Khademi Niloufar , Hosseini Nastaran-sadat , Dehghan Mehrneagar , Soltaninejad Forogh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered an independent risk factor for COVID-19. However, no study has specifically examined the clinical manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Methods
In a retrospective case-control study between 20 March 2020 to 20 May 2020, the medical record of 1611 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was reviewed. Ischemic heart disease was defined as an abnormal coronary angiography, coronary angioplasty, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), or chronic stable angina. Demographic data, past medical history, drug history, symptoms, vital signs, laboratory findings, outcome, and death were investigated from medical records.
Results
1518 Patients (882 men (58.1%)) with a mean age of 59.3 ± 15.5 years were included in the study. Patients with IHD (n = 300) were significantly less likely to have fever (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.42–0.78, P < 0.001), chills (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.47–0.86, P < 0.001) and diarrhea (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48–0.91, P = 0.010). The mean symptoms duration was 7.74 ± 5.67 days and 8.23 ± 6.12 days in patients with IHD and without IHD, respectively (P = 0.219). Patients with IHD were 1.57 times more likely to have hypoxia (83.3% vs. 76%, OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.13–2.19, P = 0.007). There was no significant difference in terms of WBC, platelets, lymphocyte, LDH, AST, ALT, and CRP between the two groups (P > 0.05). After adjusting for age, and underlying disease by Cox proportional hazards regression models and unstandardized confidants by linear regression models, the frequency of ICU admission, length of ICU admission, the frequency of mechanical ventilation, length of mechanical ventilation, death, and time from admission to death were not statistically different between the two groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
In comparison with non-IHD, the symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection such as fever, chills and diarrhea were less common among patients with a history of IHD. Although the frequency of hypoxemia was significantly higher in patients with IHD, the rate of adverse outcomes and mortality were not significantly different between the groups.