bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Ce ne sera pas un bang, mais un long gémissement ». Brèves réflexions sur une catastrophe au ralenti
Authors: Dupuy Jean-Pierre 
Published: July 2022

Ce que nous devons peut-être craindre le plus, ce n’est pas une grande catastrophe qui mettrait par là même fin aux maux de notre époque par notre disparition, c’est, au contraire, une longue prolongation et une accentuation de ceux-ci selon une spirale descendante. L’adaptation au changement climatique reposera sur l’incroyable capacité des êtres humains à s’ajuster aux pires conditions de misère et d’oppression. Est-ce ce que nous voulons ? Ce type de « catastrophe au ralenti » peut très bien se terminer par un effondrement brusque. On étudie ici le cas où plus l’on se rapproche de ce moment, plus on a des raisons objectives de croire que l’on en est éloigné. On en déduit que les optimistes se doivent d’être catastrophistes, précisément parce qu’ils sont optimistes. Inversement, on a des raisons de penser que l’optimisme « exubérant » manifesté de façon récurrente par les agents de la crise, gouvernants compris, se nourrit d’un catastrophisme qui ne dit pas son nom.
Une « police officieuse » ? Le rôle des mouchards dans le contrôle du Paris napoléonien
Authors: Le Quang Jeanne-Laure 
Published: July 2022

Entre 1799 et 1814, la police napoléonienne, qui entend exercer sur la société consulaire et impériale une surveillance politique renforcée, s’appuie sur l’emploi d’une force auxiliaire de citoyens apportant ponctuellement ou régulièrement leur aide à la police, une force qualifiée de « police officieuse ». Alors que ces indicateurs ont longtemps fait l’objet de fantasmes liés à la focalisation de l’historiographie sur de grandes figures de mouchards, ainsi que d’une surévaluation numérique, cette étude s’attache à saisir « par en bas » la réalité du recours policier à des mouchards à Paris, sous le Consulat et le Premier Empire, afin de reconsidérer la nature même d’un régime souvent qualifié de « policier ». L’analyse du profil de ces acteurs policiers anonymes comme de leurs différents usages par la police, tout en interrogeant l’instrumentalisation possible des pratiques et attentes policières par les mouchards eux-mêmes, permet de remettre en perspective l’efficacité du système policier napoléonien, qui repose bien moins sur une police professionnelle toute-puissante que sur la participation volontaire d’une frange de la société.
La coordination d’acteurs multiples en situation extrême. Le cas des transferts extrarégionaux de patients Covid-19
Authors: Cucharero Atienza Paula , Laude Laëtitia , Grimaud Olivier , Girault Anne 
Published: July 2022

Sur quelles dimensions s’appuie la coordination d’une situation extrême telle que les opérations de transferts de patients Covid-19 ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous nous appuyons sur les travaux analysant les situations extrêmes, et plus spécifiquement sur la littérature étudiant les dimensions à l’origine de la coordination de ces situations. Nous nous basons sur une étude qualitative combinant la réalisation d’entretiens auprès de cliniciens et de représentants des autorités sanitaires impliquées avec une analyse documentaire. Au total, nous avons réalisé quarante entretiens semi-directifs, pour la plupart par visioconférence compte tenu du contexte sanitaire. L’analyse des résultats montre que l’organisation des transferts extrarégionaux, qui implique une pluralité d’organisations, s’appuie sur l’imbrication de sept dimensions inscrites dans des temporalités diverses : 1) le dispositif standardisé de transfert inter-hospitalier ; 2) l’expérience des professionnels de la gestion de crise ; 3) la construction collective de sens ; 4) de nouvelles coopérations intra et inter-organisationnelles ; 5) les relations de confiance entre professionnels ; 6) le rôle de leadership de l’administration centrale qui entraîne une reconfiguration de rôles ; 7) la primauté de la logistique et de l’opérationnel. Ces éléments réunis ont permis d’assurer l’efficacité de ces transferts.
Physique : l’exactitude au bénéfice de l’incertitude
Authors: Lévy-Leblond Jean-Marc 
Published: July 2022

En sciences, aucune mesure expérimentale ni d’ailleurs aucun résultat théorique ne peut se réclamer d’une exactitude absolue : les instruments sont forcément imparfaits et les calculs nécessairement approchés. Prenant conscience des bornes de son savoir, la physique a mis au point des méthodes d’évaluation de ses limitations. Les physiciens disposent ainsi de processus leur permettant d’estimer la fiabilité de leurs conclusions. C’est donc en admettant ses incertitudes puis en les domestiquant que la physique peut quand même prétendre être considérée comme une science « exacte ».
Le principe d’incertitude de Heisenberg
Authors: Le Bellac Michel 
Published: July 2022

Nous utilisons en premier lieu un exemple simple de physique classique pour définir la déviation standard (ou écart type). Nous énonçons ensuite de façon précise le principe d’incertitude de Heisenberg sous forme d’une relation entre les déviations standard des mesures respectives de position et d’impulsion et la constante de Planck. Nous critiquons l’expression usuelle « principe d’incertitude de Heisenberg » qui a été la source de nombreuses confusions et proposons d’utiliser de préférence « inégalités de Heisenberg ». Enfin nous soulignons l’utilisation heuristique de ces inégalités dans des raisonnements semi-classiques.
Vers un urbanisme de l’incertitude
Authors: Amphoux Pascal 
Published: July 2022

L’histoire récente de l’urbanisme peut être décrite comme une séquence de trois périodes, dont la superposition est peut-être génératrice du climat d’incertitude dans lequel se déploient les modes de production de la ville contemporaine. La première est celle de « l’urbanisme programmatique », la seconde est celle d’un « urbanisme de projet », la troisième, naissante, pourrait mériter le nom d’« urbanisme de l’incertitude ». Cette troisième période, encore balbutiante, cherche ses marques et ses concepts pour relever les défis de l’anthropocène. Nous en proposerons et discuterons trois : les confins du territoire, le récit du lieu et l’utopie opératoire.
Transports publics : entre la Covid et l’Europe
Authors: Quidort Michel 
Published: July 2022

Et si la pandémie s’avérait en définitive être une chance à saisir pour le transport public et l’occasion de reconsidérer certains de ses modèles économiques ? Si, à l’origine, la crise correspond à la nécessité de faire un choix, alors le long épisode sanitaire pourrait permettre aux transports publics et aux mobilités douces de rebondir et de repartir vers un rôle difficile à leur disputer. Ainsi certains concepts français mériteraient-ils que l’on réfléchisse à leur évolution ou à leur questionnement, d’autant que l’Union européenne, avec son programme du Pacte Vert, invite à s’atteler à l’indispensable relance des services de transport et des mobilités alternatives à moyen et long terme.
L’impact de la première ligne de tramway à Tours sur l’usage de la voiture
Authors: Carette Sabine 
Published: July 2022

La première ligne de tramway de Tours, inaugurée le 31 août 2013, a profondément modifié les pratiques de mobilité des habitants : sur 100 déplacements réalisés par les habitants de la métropole, près de 8 étaient effectués en transports en commun urbains en 2008 tandis qu’aujourd’hui, c’est près de 11 qui sont réalisés sur le réseau Fil Bleu. Après avoir été analysés globalement dans le cadre du bilan ex post, dit bilan LOT 1 , les impacts sont ici étudiés grâce à une méthodologie distinguant le corridor immédiat de la ligne du reste du territoire métropolitain.
Étudier les circuits courts par les traces numériques de leurs réseaux
Authors: Stephens Raphaël 
Published: July 2022

Les plateformes et traces numériques qui reconfigurent les circuits courts et autres Alternative Food Networks (AFN) génèrent d’importantes possibilités d’analyse structurelle de leurs réseaux. Cet article étudie la structure du réseau de la plateforme de produits locaux La Ruche qui dit Oui ! à travers les données numériques sur les interactions entre ses fournisseurs et ses points de distribution. Une méthode d’analyse de graphe mobilisant les outils de la Plateforme CorText permet l’identification de résultats exploratoires caractérisés par des rapports inégalitaires au sein du réseau. Des liens sont ainsi révélés entre (i) degré d’intégration au réseau des distributeurs et leur centralité-périphérie géographique et socio-économie territoriale, et (ii) degré d’intégration au réseau des fournisseurs selon la nature brute ou transformée des aliments qu’ils commercialisent.
A Study to Evaluate the Leadership Skills, Personality Types, Leadership Styles, and Mental Health Status of First-Phase MBBS Students of a Peripheral Medical College in West Bengal
Authors: Chaudhuri Arunima , Saldanha Daniel , Sarkar Sajal K. , Bhattacharya Debayan 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Medical education is one of the most stressful academic curricula across the globe and it is important for all students to have leadership and management skills because all physicians need to take responsibility as team leaders.

Aims:
To evaluate the leadership skills, personality types, leadership styles, and mental health status and study the correlation between mental health and leadership skills of first-phase MBBS students in a peripheral Medical College in West Bengal.

Methodology and Participants:
This study was conducted among first-phase MBBS students after taking institutional ethical clearance and informed consent of the participants. The participants were provided with two recorded YouTube videos which included mental health, leadership, and professionalism. Live interactive sessions were conducted. The participants had to fill up six questionnaires for assessment of leadership skills, personality types, leadership styles, perceived stress scores (PSSs) levels, mental health literacy levels, and DASS-21 scores. Feedback was taken from students.

Results:
One hundred and thirty-seven students could complete all tasks and so they were only included for analysis of data. One hundred and six students had PSS levels below 20 and thirty-one students had PSS levels of 20 or above. Mean ± SD of the different parameters assessed were as follows: PSS levels: 16.92 ± 4.16; Mental health literacy scores: 99.54 ± 15.31; Authoritative score: 7.85 ±1.45; Democratic score: 9.35 ± 1.7; Facilitative score: 9.52 ± 1.59; Situational score: 9.29 ± 2.54; Leadership skills test scores: 63.85 ± 14.59. DASS 21 scores: Depression: 11.45 ± 4.03; Anxiety: 12.3 ± 4.35; Stress: 15.1 ± 3.29. PSS was negatively correlated with leadership skill test scores and mental health literacy scores. Leadership skill test scores were positively correlated with mental health literacy scores. There was no significant difference between male and female students in respect of PSS levels, mental health literacy scores, leadership skill scores, authoritative scores, democratic scores, facilitative scores, and situational scores.

Conclusions:
Increased mental health literacy and decreased perceived stress levels were two causes of improved leadership skill test scores in the present study. Students were satisfied with the leadership skills taught to them and this study increased awareness about mental health and leadership among first-phase MBBS students.
Midface fracture pattern in a tertiary care hospital – A prospective study
Authors: Shivakotee Satyapriya , Menon Suresh , Sham M. E. , Kumar Veerendra , Archana S. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction
The midface with multiple bones and cavities is vulnerable to fractures more commonly. Midface is one of the most frequently injured areas of the body, accounting for 23%–97% of all facial fractures. The classic LeFort type of fractures are uncommon nowadays and a more common picture is more severe forms primarily due to the high-speed vehicles that are a major cause of these fractures. It, therefore, has become imperative to determine the commonly occurring patterns of fractures in this area in the present time for a better insight into diagnosis and treatment plans. The aim of this article was to determine fracture patterns in midface trauma to ease the treatment planning in such a scenario.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study included 114 patients who reported to a tertiary hospital during a 4-year period and were diagnosed with suspected midface fractures. The etiology and pattern of fractures of midface were assessed based on history, clinical examination, and imaging data. The diagnosis of a fracture was based on the clinical history, signs and symptoms, manual examination, and correct interpretation of radiographs and computed tomography. Midface fractures were recorded as LeFort I, II, III, dentoalveolar, palatal, zygomatic complex fracture, nasal bones, naso-orbital-ethmoidal complex, and orbital and zygomatic arch fractures. Etiological factors were classified as road traffic accidents (RTAs), fall, assault, and sports injuries.

Results:
During the 4-year period, a total of 114 patients were included. Patients' ages ranged from 17 to 68 years, with 102 males and 12 females. The most common fracture in this study was found to be zygomatic complex fractures (52%), and RTA was identified as the main cause of fracture in this study (79.2%).

Conclusion:
The midface fractures are more common in males due to the propensity of males to use two-wheelers more than females. The prominence of the zygoma makes it more vulnerable to fractures than rest of the bones in the midface. Increased speed of vehicles and lack of discipline in following traffic rules have resulted in RTA, being the biggest etiological factor in midface injuries.
Evaluation of orbital volume in unilateral orbital fracture using computed tomography
Authors: Nair Gayathri R. , Senthil Kumar M. S. 
Published: July 2022

Aim and Objective:
Our study was an observational and evolutional to analyze the significance of orbital volume calculation in predicting the probability or tendency of developing late enopthalmous on patients with unilateral orbital fracture with or without associated midface injury reported to our hospital.

Materials and Methods:
The subjects in our study included fifteen patients between18 and 60years. They were treated surgically and conservatively. Patients were exposed to series of examination from the day of injury or reporting for a consecutive period of up to six months following injury. CT was taken prior to treatment following management to evaluate the volume change in orbit. Its correlation and significance to treatment outcome were analyzed using MIMICS software by Materialise by comparing injured orbit to opposite side normal eye.

Result:
Conclusive of clinical examination and summary of statistical analysis patients were categorized into three groups: Low (with volume change of less than 2%), Medium (volume change between 2 to 20%) and High (volume change more than 20%) by comparing fractured orbit to uninjured orbit and a statistically significant mean value of 27.7 ± 2.6 cu. mm for fractures eye and 25.9 ± 2.6 cu. mm for normal eye was found (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:
Orbital volume can be considered as useful criteria in evaluation of patients with orbital fracture. Evaluation and follow up in correlation with resultant volume assessment provide a better indicator for assessment of prognosis and enopthalmous. Unlike other methods for volume assessment MIMICS software by Materialise provide a better method and it can be incorporated to working station in hospital. Every CT assessment in orbital trauma should include orbital volume as a parameter and this software is easy and user-friendly software that does not require its technical knowledge for application.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tindakan Perawat Dalam Penanganan Kedaruratan Fraktur Di Ruang Instalasi Gawat Darurat Di Rumah Sakit TK. II Pelamonia Makassar
Authors: Alhidayat Nurun Salaman , Handayani Dwi Esti , Halimah Nur , Zakariati Zakariati 
Published: July 2022

Background: The emergency Room (IGD) is one of the main doors in emergency assistance in patient survival. One of the conditions that require emergency treatment is a fracture.
Purpose: This research aims to determine the factors that influence the actions of nurses in handling emergency fracture patients.
Methods:The research design used was observational non-experimental with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample is the nurse in the Emergency Unit. Data processing was arranged by the data group and data analysis using the SPSS program computer and presented in tables and frequencies
Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge, level of experience and level of training in emergency management (<0.05) of fracture patients at Tk.II Pelamonia Hospital Makassar.
Conclusion: the factors that influence the emergency management of fracture patients are knowledge, training and experience.
The protective effects of Azilsartan against hypoxia in endometrial stromal cells: an implication in endometriosis
Authors: Chen Hua , Han Cailing , Ren Liyun , Wang Fang , Cui Jiao , Ha Chunfang 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionEndometriosis is a reproductive disorder closely associated with hypoxia stress. Increasing evidences have implied the important roles of angiotensin II (ANG II) receptors in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. Thus, we speculated that Azilsartan (AZL), an ANG II receptor blocker, might have an effective function in controlling endometriosis.Material and methodsThe endometriotic animal model was established in female SD rats (6-8 weeks old, 200-220 g). Rats were divided into sham group and endometriosis (EMS) group. Rats in EMS group were anaesthetized by halothane and a mid-ventral incision was performed to expose the bowels. Human endometrial stromal cell line T-HESC was used for the in vitro assays. The T-HESC cells were cultured in DMEM-F12 mediumwith 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone), and 4 mM L-glutamine, 0.25% HEPES plus necessary antibiotics (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2.ResultsThe results show that upregulation of ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptor was observed in the endometriotic rat models. Treatment with AZL prevented the development of endometriotic lesions and suppressed the expressions of HIF-1α and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in endometriotic rats. In vitro assays proved that hypoxia-induced proliferation, migration, and invasion of T-HESC cells were attenuated by AZL. AZL inhibited the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), COX-2, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in hypoxia-induced T-HESC cells. Overexpression of HIF-1α blocked the effects of AZL on T-HESC cells in response to hypoxia.ConclusionsAZL showed therapeutic function on endometriosis through inhibiting hypoxia-induced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of T-HESC cells via HIF-1α/COX-2/PGE2 signaling.
A meta-analysis of the effects of strength training on arterial stiffness
Authors: García-Mateo Pablo , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , García-De-Alcaraz Antonio , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel Antonio 
Published: July 2022

PurposeArterial stiffness (AS) describes the mechanical properties of the arterial wall and predicts cardiovascular health. Even if it is known that AS is improved by aerobic exercise, the effects of resistance training (RT) are less clear. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of RT on AS.MethodsA systematic search for randomized controlled trials published until October 2020 was performed in the PubMed, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases. Overall, 19 studies were selected, with 12.58 ± 0.82 methodological quality points (from a total 15 points) and a total of 626 participants.ResultsNo significant long-term effect was noted for RT on AS (<i>ES</i> = –0.07; 95% CI: –0.59 to 0.45; <i>p</i> = 0.789). However, RT induced a significant acute increase in AS (<i>ES</i> = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.55 to 0.59; <i>p</i> < 0.001). No other factors (i.e., age, gender, AS measurement, upper- vs. lower-body RT, training intensity, duration, frequency) had a significant modifying effect on AS in acute or long-term interventions.ConclusionsAlthough RT induces an acute AS increase, this effect has no long-term impact, irrespective of the participant’s age, sex, or RT variables, such as intensity. However, the clinical implications of acute AS increase after RT are unknown.
Developing a framework for the assessment of current and future flood risk in Venice, Italy
Authors: Schlumberger Julius , Ferrarin Christian , Jonkman Sebastiaan N. , Diaz Loaiza Manuel Andres , Antonini Alessandro , Fatorić Sandra 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Flooding causes serious impacts on the old town of Venice, its residents, and its cultural heritage. Despite this existence-defining condition, limited scientific knowledge on flood risk of the old town of Venice is available to support decisions to mitigate existing and future flood impacts. Therefore, this study proposes a risk assessment framework to provide a methodical and flexible instrument for decision-making for flood risk management in Venice. We first use a state-of-the-art hydrodynamic urban model to identify the hazard characteristics inside the city of Venice. Exposure, vulnerability, and corresponding damage are then modeled by a multi-parametric, micro-scale damage model which is adapted to the specific context of Venice with its dense urban structure and high risk awareness. Furthermore, a set of individual protection scenarios are implemented to account for possible variability in flood preparedness of the residents. This developed risk assessment framework was tested for the flood event of 12 November 2019 and proved able to reproduce flood characteristics and resulting damage well. A scenario analysis based on a meteorological event like 12 November 2019 was conducted to derive flood damage estimates for the year 2060 for a set of sea level rise scenarios in combination with a (partially) functioning storm surge barrier, the Modulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico (MOSE). The analysis suggests that a functioning MOSE barrier could prevent flood damage for the considered storm event and sea level scenarios almost entirely. A partially closed MOSE barrier (open Lido inlet) could reduce the damage by up to 34 % for optimistic sea level rise prognoses. However, damage could be 10 % to 600 % higher in 2060 compared to 2019 for a partial closure of the storm surge barrier, depending on different levels of individual protection.