bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organizational innovation and the role of strategic planning: the case of the Dubai hotel industry
Authors: Elbanna Said , Abdel-Maksoud Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

PurposeIn today's dynamic and competitive environment, innovation is a key requirement for hotels to survive, be profitable and sustain their competitive advantages. However, because the study of innovation in the hospitality industry has only developed recently, little is still known about its determining factors. Given this, this study aims to theorize and test with empirical data the effects of two key dimensions of strategic planning (i.e. participation and flexibility) on innovation.Design/methodology/approachUsing a fully standardized questionnaire, data were gathered from a sample of 150 hotels in Dubai, by a professional market research firm, through face-to-face interviews. The study hypotheses are tested with partial least squares structural equation models. The study has three limitations: first, its data are cross-sectional and the analyses are post hoc; second, it uses single informants; and third, the sample was primarily from a single setting, i.e. Dubai.FindingsThe study argues that participation and flexibility in strategic planning are positively related. It also argues that flexibility is positively related to innovation and that flexibility mediates the effects of participation in strategic planning on innovation. Empirical support is found for all the examined relationships.Originality/valueThe study takes place in a unique setting (i.e. Dubai, United Arab Emirates) where research on organizational innovation has been rather limited to date. The findings have important implications for the stream of literature in this field and for practitioners and sustaining competitive advantages of hotels.
Protecting skilled Afghan women: Brain save and the politics of vulnerability
Authors: Sandvik Kristin Bergtora , Bjørhaug Ingunn , Espegren Astrid , Garnier Adèle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConsidering the Afghan evacuation of 2021 and its aftermath, this article suggests the term ‘brain save’ to characterise emerging protection discourses and practices concerning the resettlement of skilled women refugees. Resettlement has traditionally focused on women as vulnerable because of their gender. Drawing on examples of the evacuation and prospective resettlement of Afghan women professionals, the article develops the analytic concept of brain save to label these discourses and practices. Unlike ‘brain drain’, brain save challenges established politics of vulnerability and has progressive potential for resettlement as a durable solution. However, it also implies problematic prioritisation of particular resettlement candidates.
Classifying the activity states of small vertebrates using automated VHF telemetry
Authors: Gottwald Jannis , Royauté Raphaël , Becker Marcel , Geitz Tobias , Höchst Jonas , Lampe Patrick , Leister Lea , Lindner Kim , Maier Julia , Rösner Sascha , Schabo Dana G. , Freisleben Bernd , Brandl Roland , Müller Thomas , Farwig Nina , Nauss Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The most basic behavioural states of animals can be described as active or passive. While high‐resolution observations of activity patterns can provide insights into the ecology of animal species, few methods are able to measure the activity of individuals of small taxa in their natural environment. We present a novel approach in which a combination of automatic radiotracking and machine learning is used to distinguish between active and passive behaviour in small vertebrates fitted with lightweight transmitters (<0.4 g).

We used a dataset containing >3 million signals from very‐high‐frequency (VHF) telemetry from two forest‐dwelling bat species (Myotis bechsteinii [n = 52] and Nyctalus leisleri [n = 20]) to train and test a random forest model in assigning either active or passive behaviour to VHF‐tagged individuals. The generalisability of the model was demonstrated by recording and classifying the behaviour of tagged birds and by simulating the effect of different activity levels with the help of humans carrying transmitters. The model successfully classified the activity states of bats as well as those of birds and humans, although the latter were not included in model training (F1 0.96–0.98).

We provide an ecological case‐study demonstrating the potential of this automated monitoring tool. We used the trained models to compare differences in the daily activity patterns of two bat species. The analysis showed a pronounced bimodal activity distribution of N. leisleri over the course of the night while the night‐time activity of M. bechsteinii was relatively constant. These results show that subtle differences in the timing of species' activity can be distinguished using our method.

Our approach can classify VHF‐signal patterns into fundamental behavioural states with high precision and is applicable to different terrestrial and flying vertebrates. To encourage the broader use of our radiotracking method, we provide the trained random forest models together with an R package that includes all necessary data processing functionalities. In combination with state‐of‐the‐art open‐source automated radiotracking, this toolset can be used by the scientific community to investigate the activity patterns of small vertebrates with high temporal resolution, even in dense vegetation.
Prognostic value of ASXL1 mutations in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Ao , Wang Shuxing , Ren Quanlei , Wang Yizhu , Jiang Zhiping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdditional sex combs‐like 1 (ASXL1) mutations, a hotspot in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), have been frequently reported for their potential prognostic value, but the results are controversial. Therefore, a meta‐analysis was performed. Databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, were searched for relevant studies published up to January 13, 2022. STATA v16.0 software was used to calculate the combined hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) and AML transformation. Subgroup analysis was used to explore the effects of the grouping factors on heterogeneity.Ten studies on ASXL1 mutations and the prognosis of MDS were selected. Our results indicate that ASXL1 mutations have an adverse prognostic impact on OS (HR = 1.68,95%CI:1.45–1.94, p < .0001) and AML transformation (HR = 2.20,95% CI:1.68–2.87, p < .0001). The results for different age groups were not significantly different (HR = 1.87,95% CI: 1.31–2.67; HR = 1.62,95% CI:1.35–2.07). Ten studies covering 5816 patients with AML were included. The pooled HR for OS was 1.37 (95% CI:1.20–1.56, p < .0001). ASXL1 mutations were especially associated with a poorer OS in the subgroup aged ≥60 years (HR = 2.86, 95% CI:1.34–6.08, p = .006); when considering cytogenetically normal AML (CN‐AML), the HR was 1.78(95% CI:1.27–2.49, p = .001). This meta‐analysis indicates an independent, adverse prognostic impact of ASXL1 mutations in patients with MDS and AML, which also applies to patients with CN‐AML. Age was a risk factor for patients with AML and ASXL1 mutations but not for patients with MDS.
Non-Parametric Estimation of the Age-at-Onset Distribution from a Cross-Sectional Sample
Authors: Mandal S. , Qin J. , Pfeiffer R.M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose and study a simple and innovative non-parametric approach to estimate the age-of-onset distribution for a disease from a cross-sectional sample of the population that includes individuals with prevalent disease. First, we estimate the joint distribution of two event times, the age of disease onset and the survival time after disease onset. We accommodate that individuals had to be alive at the time of the study by conditioning on their survival until the age at sampling. We propose a computationally efficient expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm and derive the asymptotic properties of the resulting estimates. From these joint probabilities we then obtain non-parametric estimates of the age-at-onset distribution by marginalizing over the survival time after disease onset to death. The method accommodates categorical covariates and can be used to obtain unbiased estimates of the covariate distribution in the source population. We show in simulations that our method performs well in finite samples even under large amounts of truncation for prevalent cases. We apply the proposed method to data from female participants in the Washington Ashkenazi Study to estimate the age-at-onset distribution of breast cancer associated with carrying BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.
United Kingdom criteria for liver transplantation in the setting of isolated unresectable colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Murphy Jamie , Prasad Raj , Menon Krishna ,   the NHS Blood and Transplant Liver Transplantation for Colorectal Liver Metastases Fixed Term Working Unit
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimStudies have demonstrated that liver transplantation may be an effective treatment for isolated unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Published data suggest that 5‐year survival may be as high as 80%; however, recurrent disease is commonplace. Consequently, the Liver Transplantation for Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases Fixed Term Working Unit recommended to the NHS Blood and Transplant Liver Advisory Group that while CRCLM is an appropriate indication for transplantation, selection criteria should be conservative and that it should be undertaken within a clinical service evaluation programme. The aim of this work is to outline the proposed UK selection criteria and follow‐up process for CRCLM transplantation.MethodConsensus statement by colorectal cancer/liver transplantation patient representatives, experts in colorectal cancer surgery/oncology, liver transplantation surgery, hepatology, hepatobiliary radiology, hepatobiliary pathology and nuclear medicine.ResultsThis study provides a comprehensive outline of the inclusion/exclusion criteria for referral in the UK. Furthermore, the referral framework is also explained. Pretransplant assessment criteria for listing/delisting are outlined. Finally, the oncology‐specific outcome measures posttransplant are described.ConclusionIt is anticipated this service will begin in December 2022. A series of educational events for the referrers and transplant units will be arranged throughout 2023 to highlight CRCLM as a newly accepted UK indication for transplantation. A national audit will be undertaken to identify patients currently on treatment who meet the criteria for transplant. Data will be collected in a national registry and reviewed on an ongoing basis to confirm the safety of this treatment and to determine if the inclusion criteria require revision.
High‐purity isolation platelets by gradient centrifugation plus filtration
Authors: Jin Jia , Shao Yilin , Zhang Jian , Cao Junning , Tao Zhonghua , Hu Xichun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionPlatelets can be used as a liquid biopsy source to provide rapid, up‐to‐date, and relevant information on tumor pathology and treatment response. However, there is still a lack of high efficiency methods for platelet isolation with high purity.MethodsThree platelet isolation methods were evaluated by platelet recovery and purity. The platelet inhibition cocktail (PIC) was added into peripheral blood, or was not allowed to access the effect of the platelet activation. The CD61, CD45, and CD62P labelled platelets, leukocytes and activated platelets were detected by flow cytometry. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and next‐generation sequencing (NGS) were employed to determine the gene expression levels. A time‐dependent experiment combined with qPCR was used to determine the time limit for platelet isolation at room temperature.ResultsCompared to the gradient centrifugation alone, and gradient centrifugation plus filtration and magnetic beads separation, gradient centrifugation plus filtration was the preferred method for more efficient and high‐purity platelet isolation, with a recovery rate of 9.1% and a purity of 99.98%. Furthermore, there was no difference in platelet activation level, regardless of whether PIC was used. Moreover, the rate of platelet RNA degradation did not differ when platelets were isolated within 48 h of blood collection.ConclusionGradient centrifugation plus filtration at room temperature within 48 h of blood collection, without PIC, is a novel protocol with high recovery and purity rate to isolate platelets.
Oral hygiene interventions to prevent ventilator‐associated pneumonia: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Garegnani Luis Ignacio , Giménez María Lucía , Escobar Liquitay Camila Micaela , Franco Juan Victor Ariel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundVentilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common complication in ventilated patients. The endotracheal tube acts as a conduit for oral cavity pathogenic bacteria into the lungs due to an imperfect cuff seal. Oral hygiene is designed to remove plaque and debris where bacteria multiply, reducing the risk of ventilator‐associated pneumonia.AimsTo assess the comparative effects of oral hygiene agents and modalities on VAP incidence in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients and to assess their relative ranking according to their effects.Study DesignSystematic review and network meta‐analysis (PROSPERO registration CRD42021259690). We retrieved randomized controlled trials using oral hygiene procedures from a recent Cochrane review and updated the search to December 2021.ResultsWe included 30 RCTs with 3980 participants. Some interventions, such as miswak and nanosil, may result in a large decrease in VAP incidence (miswak RR 0.05, 95% CI 0.00–1.21; nanosil RR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01–0.88), but some confidence intervals include substantial benefits and harms. Powered toothbrushing and manual toothbrushing may result in a large decrease in VAP incidence (powered toothbrushing RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.30–1.00; manual toothbrushing RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.40–1.04); however, the confidence intervals may indicate little to no significant difference. The certainty of the evidence was mostly low due to the small sample size and risk of bias.ConclusionsLow‐certainty evidence indicates that miswak and nanosil may reduce VAP incidence. Moreover, toothbrushing may also reduce VAP incidence and mortality. High‐quality RCTs are needed to establish the relative effectiveness of these interventions.Relevance to Clinical PracticeSeveral oral agents may decrease VAP incidence and mortality. Powered toothbrushing and manual toothbrushing may decrease VAP incidence and mortality.
Fibroblast growth factor 23‐Klotho and mineral metabolism in the first year after pediatric kidney transplantation: A single‐center prospective study
Authors: Kubota Mai , Hamasaki Yuko , Hashimoto Junya , Aoki Yujiro , Kawamura Takeshi , Saito Akinobu , Yuasa Rena , Muramatsu Masaki , Komaba Hirotaka , Toyoda Masao , Fukagawa Masafumi , Shishido Seichiro , Sakai Ken 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe role of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels in mineral metabolism before and after kidney transplantation in pediatric patients is poorly understood.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated 24 patients under 18 years of age (4.5 [3.3–9.8] years) who underwent living kidney transplantation between July 2016 and March 2018, and measured intact FGF23 and serum αKlotho levels, and other parameters of mineral metabolism before and after transplantation (Day 7, 1 and 4 months, and 1 year). Relationships between parameters were examined by linear analysis.ResultsFGF23 level was 440.8 [63.4–5916.3] pg/ml pre‐transplant and decreased significantly to 37.1 [16.0–71.5] pg/ml at Day 7 post‐transplant (−91.6%, p < .001). Thereafter, it remained at normal levels until 1 year. αKlotho level was 785 [568–1292] pg/ml pre‐transplant and remained low at Day 7 and 1 month post‐transplant, with an increasing trend at 4 months. Post‐transplant phosphorus levels were significantly decreased compared with pre‐transplant, with a lowest level of 1.7 [1.3–2.9] mg/dl, −5.7 [−6.8, −3.8] SD at Day 4, followed by gradual recovery. Phosphorus levels and the ratio of tubular maximum phosphate reabsorption were significantly and negatively associated with pre‐transplant FGF23 until 4 months of post‐transplant. Pre‐transplant αKlotho was negatively associated with pre‐transplant FGF23 but not FGF23 or other parameters after transplantation.ConclusionFGF23 in pediatric kidney transplant patients decreased rapidly after transplantation and associated with post‐transplant hypophosphatemia and increased phosphorus excretion. Post‐transplant αKlotho was low early post‐transplant but tended to increase subsequently. Post‐transplant αKlotho was unaffected by pre‐transplant FGF23 or other factors, suggesting pre‐transplant chronic kidney disease status has no effect.
B2B online sales pushes: Whether, when, and why they enhance sales performance
Authors: Kanuri Vamsi K. , Habel Johannes , Chaker Nawar N. , Rangarajan Deva , Guenzi Paolo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBusiness‐to‐business (B2B) sellers are increasingly transitioning to hybrid sales structures, by augmenting an in‐person field sales force with a direct online channel. During this transition, sellers frequently experience a cold‐start problem, wherein existing customers are either not acquainted with the online channel or unconvinced of its usefulness and are therefore reluctant to adopt it. To overcome the cold‐start problem, B2B sellers are increasingly relying on online sales pushes, which are efforts to encourage salespeople to nudge customers to adopt the online channel for certain buying tasks. Yet, because salespeople may fear that the online channel adoption jeopardizes the very relationships that they painstakingly built, the salespeople's compliance with an online sales push remains unclear. To glean insight into this dilemma, we empirically investigate an online sales push's impact on salesperson effort (re)allocation and sales performance. Based on an econometric analysis of archival data from a B2B seller and a scenario‐based experiment, we conclude that salespeople generally tend to comply with an online sales push because it frees up their time and allows them to pursue new selling opportunities that have the potential to increase their compensation. The results also indicate that following an online sales push, salespeople expend their effort based on a customer's online proclivity and potential prior to the push. Moreover, the effort expended varies over time and across communication channels. Additionally, the analysis reveals (a) asymmetric carryover and cross‐channel effects of communication effort and sales performance and (b) asymmetric synergistic effects of communication effort on sales performance.
Optimized identification of earlywood and latewood stiffnesses in loblolly pine in simulated experiments
Authors: Considine John M. , Bechle Nathan J. , Pierron Fabrice , Krestschmann David E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractKnowledge of local mechanical behaviour of wood is especially important as silvicultural practices are modified to allow wood to compete as a relevant material in high technology applications. Challenges associated with identification of local mechanical behaviour have resulted in simplified test geometries designed to determine one or two constitutive parameters. The objective of this work was to design and simulate an entire experiment developed to simultaneously identify the earlywood and latewood orthotropic stiffnesses in loblolly pine in a single specimen and load geometry. The virtual experiment was capable of evaluating optimal orthotropy orientation for reduced identification errors and indicating most favourable choices for data smoothing filters and identification methodology. Additionally, certain ring spacing and latewood percentages were shown to produce large errors, but those combinations are unlikely to occur naturally. The simulation was able to identify
, and
with approximately
error; the
error was larger with more scatter. The methodology presented here contributes to the best practices available for heterogeneous stiffness identification.
Differential soil acidification caused by parent materials and land‐use changes in the Pearl River Delta region
Authors: Wen Hui‐Ying , Wu Hua‐Yong , Dong Yue , Feng Wen‐Juan , Lu Ying , Hu Yue‐Ming , Zhang Gan‐Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSoil acidification occurs widely across the world, which has been partly attributed to land‐use change. However, measureable effect of land‐use change as well as parent materials on soil acidification remains poorly understood. Here, a typical area with intensive land‐use change in the Pearl River Delta of China was chosen for this study. Topsoil (0–20 cm) and subsoil (20–40 cm) samples (n = 169) under different land uses (paddy fields, vegetable lands and orchards) and parent materials (granite and alluvial sediment) were collected in 2020. Soil pH, exchangeable base cations, exchangeable acidity and pH buffering capacity were measured to evaluate the status of soil acidification. The change of soil pH over the last 15 years was evaluated via comparing with historical data (n = 329) in 2005. The results showed a higher exchangeable acidity and lower pH buffering capacity and exchangeable base cations of soils derived from granite compared with soils derived from alluvial sediment in 2020. In the last 15 years, significant soil acidification under different parent materials was observed under vegetable lands and orchards but not paddy fields. Faster pH decline was found under land‐use change from paddy fields compared with the unchanged vegetable lands or orchards. Furthermore, stronger acidification under the same land‐use change was observed for soils derived from granite compared with soils derived from alluvial sediment. These results indicate that land‐use change induced soil acidification is dependent on parent materials. This study implies that cropping management such as suitable rotation operation may slow soil acidification, and measures including straw returning may ameliorate acidified soils.
Involvement of SlSTOP1 regulated SlFDH expression in aluminum tolerance by reducing NAD+ to NADH in the tomato root apex
Authors: He Qiyu , Jin Jianfeng , Li Pengfei , Zhu Huihui , Wang Zhanqi , Fan Wei , Yang Jian Li 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARYFormate dehydrogenase (FDH; EC 1.2.1.2.) has been implicated in plant responses to a variety of stresses, including aluminum (Al) stress in acidic soils. However, the role of this enzyme in Al tolerance is not yet fully understood, and how FDH gene expression is regulated is unknown. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) SlFDH gene. SlFDH encodes a mitochondria‐localized FDH with Km values of 2.087 mm formate and 29.1 μm NAD+. Al induced the expression of SlFDH in tomato root tips, but other metals did not, as determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. CRISPR/Cas9‐generated SlFDH knockout lines were more sensitive to Al stress and formate than wild‐type plants. Formate failed to induce SlFDH expression in the tomato root apex, but NAD+ accumulated in response to Al stress. Co‐expression network analysis and interaction analysis between genomic DNA and transcription factors (TFs) using PlantRegMap identified seven TFs that might regulate SlFDH expression. One of these TFs, SlSTOP1, positively regulated SlFDH expression by directly binding to its promoter, as demonstrated by a dual‐luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The Al‐induced expression of SlFDH was completely abolished in Slstop1 mutants, indicating that SlSTOP1 is a core regulator of SlFDH expression under Al stress. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that SlFDH plays a role in Al tolerance and reveal the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of SlFDH expression in response to Al stress in tomato.