bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid eye movement sleep parasympathetic activity predicts wake hyperarousal symptoms following a traumatic event
Authors: Daffre Carolina , Oliver Katelyn I. , Nazareno Jovi R. S. , Mäder Thomas , Seo Jeehye , Dominguez Jarrod P. , Gannon Karen , Lasko Natasha B. , Orr Scott P. , Pace‐Schott Edward F. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryHeart rate variability (HRV) can be used to assess changes in output of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Considering that patients with post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often experience disturbances in sleep, arousal, and autonomic functioning, we sought to explore the association of PNS activity during sleep with hyperarousal symptoms of PTSD. Because a broad literature supports the importance of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in PTSD, REM‐sleep features were specifically examined as predictors of PTSD symptom severity. A total of 90 participants, primarily civilian and female, aged 18–40 years who had experienced a traumatic event in the last 2 years, underwent an ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) acclimation night followed by a second PSG night from which sleep physiological measures were computed. Participants underwent an ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) acclimation night followed by a second PSG night from which sleep physiological measures were computed. PTSD severity was measured using the PTSD Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (PCL‐5). Dependent variables were total PCL‐5 score as well as its hyperarousal symptom subscore. Predictors included REM latency, percentage, density, segment length, and an index of parasympathetic tone (root mean square of the successive differences in the R–R interval or RMSSD). Hierarchical regression models were conducted to analyse the association of REM features with PCL‐5 total and hyperarousal subscales. Using hierarchical regression, REM‐sleep RMSSD accounted for a significant proportion of the variation in outcome variables, even when accounting for other REM‐sleep features. The present findings support hypothesised relationships between PTSD symptomatology and REM‐sleep physiology and, specifically, that lowered parasympathetic tone in REM may be an important associate of the hyperarousal symptom cluster in PTSD.
How representative are social partners in Europe? The role of dissimilarity
Authors: Matute Marta Martínez , Martins Pedro S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSocial partners (trade unions and employers' associations [EA]) and their representativeness can shape labour institutions and economic and social outcomes in many countries. In this paper, we argue that, when examining social partners' representativeness, it is important to consider both affiliation rates and dissimilarity measures. The latter concerns the extent to which affiliated and non‐affiliated firms or workers are distributed similarly across relevant dimensions, including firm size. In our analysis of the European Company Survey, we find that affiliation density and dissimilarity measures correlate positively across countries, particularly in the case of EA in which we focus. This result also holds across EA when we use more detailed, firm population data for Portugal. We conclude that higher affiliation densities do not necessarily correspond to more representative social partners as they can involve greater dissimilarity between affiliated and non‐affiliated firms.
PGC‐1 alpha regulates mitochondrial biogenesis to ameliorate hypoxia‐inhibited cementoblast mineralization
Authors: Wang Huiyi , Wang Xiaoxuan , Ma Li , Huang Xin , Peng Yan , Huang Hantao , Gao Xudong , Chen Yuan , Cao Zhengguo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHypoxia often occurs in inflammatory tissues, such as tissues affected by periodontitis and apical periodontitis lesions. Mitochondrial biogenesis can be disrupted in hypoxia. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator‐1 alpha (PGC‐1α) is a core factor required for mitochondrial biogenesis. Cementoblasts are root surface lining cells that play an integral role in cementum formation. There is a dearth of research on the effect of hypoxia on cementoblasts and underlying mechanisms, particularly in relation to mitochondrial biogenesis during the hypoxic process. In this study, we found that the expression of hypoxia inducible factor‐1α was elevated in apical periodontitis tissues in vivo. In contrast, periapical lesions exhibited a reduction of PGC‐1α expression. For in vitro experiments, cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was used to induce hypoxia. We observed that CoCl2‐induced hypoxia suppressed the mineralization ability and mitochondrial biogenesis of cementoblasts, accompanied by abnormal mitochondria morphology. Furthermore, we found that CoCl2 blocked the p38 pathway, while it activated the Erk1/2 pathway, with the former upregulating the expression of PGC‐1α, while the latter reversed the effects. Overall, our findings demonstrate that mitochondrial biogenesis, especially via PGC‐1α, is impaired during cementogenesis in the context of CoCl2‐induced hypoxia, dependent on the mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
Cardiologic evaluation of Turkish mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders
Authors: Balci Mehmet Cihan , Karaca Meryem , Ergul Yakup , Omeroglu Rukiye Eker , Demirkol Mubeccel , Gokcay Gulden Fatma 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs) cause impairment in energy metabolism and can lead to a spectrum of cardiac pathologies including cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias. The frequency of underlying cardiac pathologies and the response to recommended treatment in FAODs was investigated.MethodsSixty‐eight children (35 males, 33 females) with the diagnosis of a FAOD were included in the study. Cardiac function was evaluated with 12‐lead standard electrocardiography, echocardiography, and 24 h Holter monitoring.ResultsForty‐five patients (66%) were diagnosed after disease symptoms developed and 23 patients (34%) were diagnosed in the pre‐symptomatic period. Among symptomatic patients (n: 45), cardiovascular findings were detected in 18 (40%) patients, including cardiomyopathy in 14 (31.1%) and conduction abnormalities in 4 (8.8%) patients. Cardiac symptoms were more frequently detected in primary systemic carnitine deficiency (57.1%). Patients with multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, long‐chain 3‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, and mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiencies also had an increased frequency of cardiac symptoms. Patients with medium‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, very long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiencies had a lower prevalence of cardiac symptoms both during admission and during clinical follow up. Cardiomyopathy resolved completely in 8/14 (57%) patients and partially in 2/14 (14.3%) patients with treatment. Two patients with cardiomyopathy died in the newborn period; cardiomyopathy persisted in 1 (7.1%) patient with very long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.ConclusionEarly diagnosis, treatment and follow up made a significant contribution to the improvement of cardiac symptoms of patients with FAODs.
Effect of rice cultivars, organic manures, and water management on methane emissions and grain yield
Authors: Win Ei Phyu , Bellingrath‐Kimura Sonoko D. , Oo Aung Zaw , Park Kyeung Il 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo assess the effect of different organic manures and rice cultivars on methane emissions, a pot experiment was conducted at the Yezin Agricultural University, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar during the wet season of 2016. Organic manures (control, compost, and cow dung) and two rice cultivars (Manawthukha and IR 50) were tested. For both rice cultivars, high grain yield was observed in the control, and the minimum grain yield was observed in the cow dung treatment. The rate and cumulative CH4 emissions in Manawthukha were higher than those in IR 50, in accordance with the yield, because of the longer growth duration. Although not significant, the lowest methane emissions were observed in the cow dung manure treatment (0.808 g CH4 kg−1 soil) against the control (0.893 g CH4 kg−1 soil) and compost (0.951 g CH4 kg−1 soil) treatments. Based on these results, a field experiment was conducted at Madaya Township, Mandalay region, Myanmar during the dry and wet seasons of 2017 to determine the effects of water management and different rates of cow dung manure on methane emission and yield of IR 50. Higher methane emissions were recorded for continuous flooding (CF) than for alternative wetting and drying (AWD). In both seasons, higher grain yields (1.8% in dry and 7.6% in wet) were recorded for AWD than for CF. Higher methane emissions were recorded from OM3 and lower emissions from OM0 in both water management practices. In AWD, methane emissions were restricted under aerated soil conditions, although a higher amount of manure was added.
Inspection of gas bubbles in frozen Betula pendula xylem with micro‐CT: Conduit size, water status and bark permeability affect bubble characteristics
Authors: Lintunen Anna , Salmon Yann , Hölttä Teemu , Suhonen Heikki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBubbles of gas trapped in the xylem during freezing are a major cause of damage for trees growing at high altitudes or latitudes, as the bubbles may cause embolism during thawing. Yet the factors controlling bubble formation upon freeze–thaw cycles remain poorly understood. Especially the size of the bubbles formed in the ice is crucial for winter embolism formation. We used high‐resolution X‐ray microtomography combined with freezing experiments to investigate the size and shape of 68,343 gas bubbles in frozen conduits in branches of Betula pendula. We also studied how conduit size, tree water status (−0.2 MPa vs. −0.6 MPa) and bark permeability to gases (decreased by Vaseline‐coating) affect the gas bubbles characteristics. High‐resolution X‐ray images allowed us to detect gas bubbles down to 1.0 μm in diameter and revealed that not only small spherical gas bubbles but also gaseous volumes of various shapes and sizes were found from the frozen xylem indicating that gas bubbles may have started to grow already during the freezing propagation. Most of the gas bubbles were found in fibers, but the rare gas bubbles found in the vessels were larger than those in the fibers. Bubble volume increased with conduit volume in both fibers and vessels, but conduit size alone could not explain gas bubble volume. Low water potential and restriction of gas escape from the branch seem to cause more, larger, and less spherical bubbles and thus increase the risk of embolism formation. These findings open new research avenues for further studies of winter embolism formation.
Transcriptional regulation of rice HSP101 promoter: Mitogen‐activated protein kinase‐mediated HSFA6a phosphorylation affects its stability and transactivation
Authors: Singh Garima , Banerjee Gopal , Sarkar Neelam K. , Sinha Alok Krishna , Grover Anil 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHeat shock proteins (HSPs) and heat stress factors (HSFs) control the plant heat stress response to a large extent. HSP101 plays a decisive role in development of plant heat tolerance. We have previously shown that rice (Oryza sativa) cells contain 25 HSFs and among these, HSFA6a most predominantly binds to the HSP101 promoter and controls its transcript expression. This study shows that mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs), specifically MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6 phosphorylate HSFA6a. HSFA6a showed physical interaction with MPK3/MPK4, specifically in the nucleus and this interaction involved the C‐terminal end of HSFA6a. Four serine residues at positions Ser136, Ser141, Ser264, and Ser356 of HSFA6a are the putative sites of MAPK phosphorylation: we generated phospho‐mutant of HSFA6a by changing the serine residues to alanine either individually or all four together. The Hsp101 promoter binding potential of Ser136 mutant was enhanced while it declined for the other three phospho‐mutant HSFA6a forms. HSFA6a mutant lacking all the above four Ser residues exhibited reduced DNA binding and transactivation potential. We implicate the role of phosphorylation in the regulation of HSFA6a activity.
Complications and treatment errors in periodontal and implant therapy
Authors: Zucchelli Giovanni , Wang Hom‐Lay , Chambrone Leandro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe assortment of periodontal and implant‐related treatments has been continuously improved over the last 50 years. Once the decision‐making process has been established and the treatment procedure applied, the partial or complete resolution of the problem (eg, periodontal probing depth reduction, clinical attachment level gain, gingival recession reduction, dental hypersensitivity decrease) and a diagnosis change with no or minimal occurrence of adverse events (ie, complications, harms, technical errors, or adverse/side effects) can be expected. The clear identification of the potential types of adverse effects, complications, or even errors is important for contemporary decision‐making processes, as they may be related to different local, systemic, and technical aspects. This chapter focused on four core components: (a) providing periodontal definitions for errors, complications, harms, and side effects; (b) defining the types of risk and the clinical impact of adverse effects, errors, and complications in periodontal and peri‐implant therapies; (c) evaluating the influence of accidental errors versus the lack of a proper treatment planning; and (d) reporting on the importance of establishing the “net benefit ratio” between the clinical improvements promoted by the therapy and the occurrence of potential adverse events.
Impact of health and lifestyle food supplements on periodontal tissues and health
Authors: Spahr Axel , Divnic‐Resnik Tihana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccording to the new classification, periodontitis is defined as a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease associated with dysbiotic biofilms and characterized by progressive destruction of the tooth‐supporting apparatus. This definition, based on the current scientific evidence, clearly indicates and emphasizes, beside the microbial component dental biofilm, the importance of the inflammatory reaction in the progressive destruction of periodontal tissues. The idea to modulate this inflammatory reaction in order to decrease or even cease the progressive destruction was, therefore, a logical consequence. Attempts to achieve this goal involve various kinds of anti‐inflammatory drugs or medications. However, there is also an increasing effort in using food supplements or so‐called natural food ingredients to modulate patients’ immune responses and maybe even improve the healing of periodontal tissues. The aim of this chapter of Periodontology 2000 is to review the evidence of various food supplements and ingredients regarding their possible effects on periodontal inflammation and wound healing. This review may help researchers and clinicians to evaluate the current evidence and to stimulate further research in this area.
Inflammation as a link between periodontal disease and obesity
Authors: Pamuk Ferda , Kantarci Alpdogan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNutrition plays a critical role in the homeostatic balance, maintenance of health, and longevity. There is a close link between inflammatory diseases and nutritional health. Obesity is a severe pathological process with grave implications on several organ systems and disease processes, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. The impact of obesity on periodontal inflammation has not been fully understood; the association between nutritional balance and periodontal inflammation is much less explored. This review is focused on the potential mechanistic links between periodontal diseases and obesity and common inflammatory activity pathways that can be pharmacologically targeted.
Systematic revision, molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the antlion tribe Acanthoplectrini (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae), with emphasis on the Oriental lineage
Authors: Zheng Yuchen , Badano Davide , Liu Xingyue 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe tribe Acanthoplectrini (Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae) includes a group of antlion genera widely distributed across the Australasian and Oriental regions. The intergeneric and interspecific relationships between or within the Australian and Oriental lineages of this tribe as well as their historical biogeography remain largely unexplored. Here, we present a molecular phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of Acanthoplectrini to infer the diversification history of this tribe, with emphasis on the Oriental lineage. Both the Oriental and Australian lineages are monophyletic and recovered as sister groups. Ancestral area reconstruction suggests that the ancestor of Acanthoplectrini might have been once widely distributed from Indochina to Australia and then split into the Oriental and Australian lineages during the early‐Miocene. Our analyses recovered northeastern Indochina and south China as the ancestral range of the Oriental Acanthoplectrini. During the mid‐Miocene to the mid‐Pliocene, orographic events such as the rising of mountain ranges (including the Himalayas) and the formation of major islands in southeastern Asia triggered several dispersal and vicariance events in the Oriental Acanthoplectrini, driving their speciation. We revise the classification of the Oriental Acanthoplectrini, establishing the new genus Paralayahima gen. n., which is recovered sister to Layahima Navás. Moreover, we describe four new species of Layahima, Layahima aspoeckorum sp. n., Layahima monba sp. n., Layahima lhoba sp. n. and Layahima xinliae sp. n., and we reinstate two previously synonymized species, Layahima melanocoris (Yang) stat. rev. and comb. n. and Layahima nebulosa Navás stat. rev.
Writing goals in U.S. undergraduate data science course outlines: A textual analysis
Authors: Gooding Constance L. , Lyford Alex , Giaimo Genie N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInstructors at postsecondary institutions have designed a myriad of data science classes to keep up with the rise of big data. Businesses and companies have become increasingly interested in hiring people with strong data acquisition, management, and communication skills. Since data science as a field of study is relatively new, though it has deep connections to statistical studies, there are few comprehensive analyses of data science classes, majors, programs, and curricular goals. Through this research, we analyze how writing and communication are taught in undergraduate data science classes in the United States. We analyze the presence of writing and communication learning goals from course descriptions and course syllabi. These results show that most data science courses emphasize technical, computing skills over writing, and communication skills. We conclude with a set of actionable heuristics that emphasize integrating writing and communication into data science courses so that students are prepared to use these skills as responsible citizens.
Longitudinal monitoring of BKPyV miRNA levels in kidney transplant recipients with BKPyV‐related pathology reflects viral DNA levels and remain high in viremia patients after clearance of viral DNA
Authors: van Doesum Willem B. , Gard Lilli , Knijff Laura W. D. , Niesters Hubert G. M. , van Son Willem J. , Stegeman Coen A. , van den Berg Anke , Groen Henk , van den Born Jacob , Riezebos‐Brilman Annelies , Sanders Jan Stephan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionIt is unclear whether polyomavirus BK (BKPyV) microribonucleic acid (miRNA) measurement has additional diagnostic and predictive value in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) as compared to current methods of monitoring BKPyV DNA loads.Patients and methodsA retrospective, longitudinal study was performed in 30 KTR with BKPyV viruria (n = 10), BKPyV viremia (n = 10), or BKPyV‐associated neuropathy (BKPyVAN) (n = 10). Bkv‐miR‐B1‐3p and 5p and BKPyV DNA load were measured in urine and plasma and compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsLevels of Bkv‐miR‐B1‐3p and 5p and BKPyV DNA correlated strongly. Overall, mostly analog courses of urinary and plasma miRNA and DNA loads were observed. Areas under the ROC curves were not significantly different between miRNAs and DNA. Only, in contrast to BKPyV DNA load, BKPyV miRNA levels increased from 6 to 12 months in the viremia group, while in the BKPyVAN group, a decline was seen in both DNA and miRNA.ConclusionsIn this study, we could not demonstrate an additional value of BKPyV miRNA detection compared to BKPyV DNA monitoring in the early phase after kidney transplantation. We did observe significant differences between the viremia and the BKPyVAN groups during follow‐up. This study was performed with a small number of patients and therefore results should be verified in a larger patient cohort. Furthermore, future studies with larger patient groups are necessary to elucidate final clinical value of these data.
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Measurement of post‐transfusion red blood cell survival kinetics in sickle cell disease and β‐Thalassemia: A biotin label approach
Authors: Gerritsma Jorn J. , van der Bolt Nieke , van Bruggen Robin , ten Brinke Anja , van Dam John , Guerrero Guillermo , Vermeulen Christie , de Bruin Sanne , Vlaar Alexander P. J. , Biemond Bart J. , Nur Erfan , van der Schoot Ellen , Fijnvandraat Karin ,   SCORE consortium
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundRed blood cell (RBC) transfusions are an important treatment modality for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and β‐thalassemia. A subgroup of these patients relies on a chronic RBC transfusion regimen. Little is known about RBC survival (RCS) of the transfused allogeneic RBCs. In this study, we aimed to study the RCS kinetics of transfused RBCs in SCD and β‐thalassemia and to investigate factors that determine RCS.Methods and MaterialsWe performed a prospective cohort study on fourteen adults with SCD and β‐thalassemia disease receiving a chronic transfusion regimen. RCS and the influence of donor and patient characteristics on RCS were assessed by simultaneous transfusion of two allogeneic RBCs using RBC biotinylation. Phenotyping of well‐known RBC markers over time was performed using flow cytometry.ResultsRCS of the two transfused RBC units was similar in most patients. Although intra‐individual variation was small, inter‐individual variation in RCS kinetics was observed. Most patients demonstrated a non‐linear trend in RCS that was different from the observed linear RCS kinetics in healthy volunteers. After an initial slight increase in the proportion of biotinylated RBCs during the first 24 h, a rapid decrease within the first 10–12 days was followed by a slower clearance rate.ConclusionThese are the first data to demonstrate that patient‐related factors largely determine post‐transfusion RCS behavior of donor RBC in SCD and β‐thalassemia, while donor factors exert a negligible effect. Further assessment and modeling of RCS kinetics and its determinants in SCD and β‐thalassemia patients may ultimately improve transfusion therapy.