bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ILC1: Development, maturation, and transcriptional regulation
Authors: Taggenbrock Renske L.R.E. , van Gisbergen Klaas P.J.M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractType 1 Innate Lymphoid cells (ILC1s) are tissue‐resident cells that partake in the regulation of inflammation and homeostasis. A major feature of ILC1s is their ability to rapidly respond after infections. The effector repertoire of ILC1s includes the pro‐inflammatory cytokines IFN‐γ and TNF‐α and cytotoxic mediators such as granzymes, which enable ILC1s to establish immune responses and to directly kill target cells. Recent advances in the characterization of ILC1s have considerably furthered our understanding of ILC1 development and maintenance in tissues. In particular, it has become clear how ILC1s operate independently from conventional natural killer cells, with which they share many characteristics. In this review, we discuss recent developments with regards to the differentiation, polarization, and effector maturation of ILC1s. These processes may underlie the observed heterogeneity in ILC1 populations within and between different tissues. Next, we highlight transcriptional programs that control each of the separate steps in the differentiation of ILC1s. These transcriptional programs are shared with other tissue‐resident type‐1 lymphocytes, such as tissue‐resident memory T cells (TRM) and invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT), highlighting that ILC1s utilize networks of transcriptional regulation that are conserved between lymphocyte lineages to respond effectively to tissue‐invading pathogens.
Distinct and dynamic activation profiles of circulating dendritic cells and monocytes in mild COVID‐19 and after yellow fever vaccination
Authors: Winheim Elena , Eser Tabea , Deák Flora , Ahmed Mohamed I. M. , Baranov Olga , Rinke Linus , Eisenächer Katharina , Santos‐Peral Antonio , Karimzadeh Hadi , Pritsch Michael , Scherer Clemens , Muenchhoff Maximilian , Hellmuth Johannes C. , von Bergwelt‐Baildon Michael , Olbrich Laura , Hoelscher Michael , Wieser Andreas , Kroidl Inge , Rothenfusser Simon , Geldmacher Christof , Krug Anne B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDysregulation of the myeloid cell compartment is a feature of severe disease in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. Here, we investigated the response of circulating dendritic cell (DC) and monocyte subpopulations in SARS‐CoV‐2 infected outpatients with mild disease and compared it to the response of healthy individuals to yellow fever vaccine virus YF17D as a model of a well‐coordinated response to viral infection. In SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected outpatients circulating DCs were persistently reduced for several weeks whereas after YF17D vaccination DC numbers were decreased temporarily and rapidly replenished by increased proliferation until 14 days after vaccination. The majority of COVID‐19 outpatients showed high expression of CD86 and PD‐L1 in monocytes and DCs early on, resembling the dynamic after YF17D vaccination. In a subgroup of patients, low CD86 and high PD‐L1 expression were detected in monocytes and DCs coinciding with symptoms, higher age, and lower lymphocyte counts. This phenotype was similar to that observed in severely ill COVID‐19 patients, but less pronounced. Thus, prolonged reduction and dysregulated activation of blood DCs and monocytes were seen in a subgroup of symptomatic non‐hospitalized COVID‐19 patients while a transient coordinated activation was characteristic for the majority of patients with mild COVID‐19 and the response to YF17D vaccination.
Temporal encephaloceles and coexisting epileptogenic lesions
Authors: Tsalouchidou Panagiota‐Eleni , Zoellner Johann Philipp , Kirscht Annika , Mueller Christina Julia , Nimsky Christopher , Schulze Maximilian , Hattingen Elke , Chatzis Georgios , Freiman Thomas M. , Strzelczyk Adam , Fuest Sven , Menzler Katja , Rosenow Felix , Knake Susanne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study was performed to identify coexisting structural lesions in patients with epilepsy and known temporal encephaloceles (TEs).MethodsForty‐seven structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients with epilepsy and radiologically diagnosed TEs were retrospectively reviewed visually and using an automated postprocessing software, the Morphometric Analysis Program v2018 (MAP18), to depict additional subtle, potentially epileptogenic lesions in the 3D T1‐weighted MRI data. All imaging findings were evaluated in the context of clinical and electroencephalographical findings.ResultsThe study population consisted of 47 epilepsy patients (38.3% female, n = 18). The median age at the time of the scan was 40 years (range 12–81 years). Twenty‐one out of 47 MRI scans (44.7%) showed coexisting lesions in the initial MRI evaluation; in 38.3% (n = 18) of patients, those lesions were considered probably epileptogenic. After postprocessing, probable epileptogenic lesions were identified in 53.2% (n = 25) of patients. Malformations of cortical development had initially been reported in 17.0% (n = 8) of patients with TEs, which increased to 38.3% (n = 18) after postprocessing. TEs and other epileptogenic lesions were considered equally epileptogenic in 21.3% (n = 10) of the cases in the initial MR reports and 25.5% (n = 12) of the cases after postprocessing.SignificanceTemporal encephaloceles are a potential cause of MRI‐negative temporal lobe epilepsy. According to our data, TEs can occur with other lesions, suggesting that increased awareness is also required in patients with lesional epilepsy. TEs may not always be epileptogenic; hence, their occurrence with other structural pathologies may influence the presurgical evaluation and surgical approach. Finally, TEs can be associated with malformations of cortical development, which may indicate a common developmental etiology of those lesions.
An investigation of a nonthermally insulated mixing ventilated office room for partitioning in hot and dry climate by simulation approach
Authors: Jassim Sherin Sabah , Mahdi Alaa Abbas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDue to the recent situation, especially since the beginning of the spread of COVID‐19, work in administrative or service offices under conditions of social divergence and the working environment has become conditional on the ventilation system; thus, enhancing ventilation's function to minimize the spread of infections, and impurities to larger areas or limiting its transition from one employee to another who work in the same place for long hours. A nonisothermal office room, designed with a mixing ventilation system has been simulated by using AIRPAK3.0.16 software, and RNG k– as a turbulence model, where the adoption of partitions in such rooms was studied and its effect on thermal employee's comfort and quality of fresh air, by monitoring the air diffusion performance index, prediction of the mean vote, and percentage of predicted dissatisfied. The main findings were that partitions are seen as a technique of preventing and protecting against the spread of pollutants and illnesses since they prevent contaminants from reaching the breathing zones of the office's inhabitants. It was noted that the change in the height of the partition with an increase of 10% of the room's height as a gap, gives a more acceptance value of the heat removal efficiency and ventilation rate.
How error-prone bioaccumulation experiments affect the risk assessment of hydrophobic chemicals and what could be improved
Authors: Glüge Juliane , Escher Beate I. , Scheringer Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bioaccumulation is one of the three criteria for the PBT assessment of chemicals, where P stands for persistence, B for bioaccumulation, and T for toxicity, which is a cornerstone for the “Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals” (REACH) in the EU. Registrants are required by REACH to submit data on bioaccumulation if the chemical is manufactured in and/or imported to the European Economic Area at more than 100 t/year. Most of the experimental bioaccumulation studies submitted were on the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and were conducted prior to 2012, before the OECD Test Guideline 305 on Bioaccumulation in Fish was updated. An analysis of the submitted data revealed that many of the experimental data, but also the data from QSARs and other calculation methods, underestimate the actual bioaccumulation potential of hydrophobic substances considerably. One of the main reasons in the nonexperimental studies is that the BCF is related there to the total concentration of the chemical in water and not to the dissolved chemical concentration. There is therefore an urgent need to reassess the bioaccumulation potential of the hydrophobic substances registered under REACH. Based on the model calculations in the present study, between 332 and 584 substances that are registered under REACH are likely to bioaccumulate in the aquatic environment—many more than have so far been identified in the B assessment. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:792–803. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Clinicopathological features, prognostic significance, and associated tumor cell functions of family with sequence similarity 111 member B in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gong Qi , Dong QingTai , Zhong Bin , Zhang Tao , Cao Ding , Zhang Yi , Ma Dandan , Cai Xun , Li ZhongHu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroudAmong digestive tract tumors, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) has a high degree of malignancy. Therefore, it is important to search for pancreatic adenocarcinoma‐related differential genes and new oncogene therapeutic targets for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.AimsThis study aims to investigate the expression and clinical significance of Family with sequence similarity 111 member B (FAM111B) in PAAD.Materials & MethodsBioinformatics was used to analyze the relationship between FAM111B expression and pancreatic adenocarcinoma and to predict its role in related pathways. Tissue microarrays were used to assess the levels of FAM111B in pancreatic cancer tissues by immunohistochemical staining, and the effects of FAM111B expression levels on apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and migration of tumor cells were observed and verified by in vitro cellular assays.ResultsFAM111B expression was higher in PAAD tissue than in matched normal tissues (p < 0.05). The expression level of FAM111B, the metastatic status of lymph nodes was an independent prognostic factor for PAAD survival (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, overexpression of FAM111B promoted PAAD cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inhibited PAAD cell apoptosis (p < 0.05). In contrast, knockdown of FAM111B triggered the opposite result (p < 0.05). In the results of GSEA, it was shown that FAM111B may be involved in PAAD progression through p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle, and other signaling pathways (p < 0.05 and FDR q‐val <0.25). FAM111B is highly expressed in PAAD tissues and is closely associated with poor prognosis of PAAD.ConclusionFAM111B significantly promotes the proliferation, invasion, and migration of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells while it inhibits their apoptosis. FAM111B may be a new biomarker for PAAD. It may provide a new direction for the treatment and diagnosis of PAAD.
What kinds of work do Japanese primary care physicians who derive greater positive meaning from work engage in? A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yamamoto Yu , Haruta Junji , Goto Ryohei , Maeno Tetsuhiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the increasing need for primary care physicians (PCPs) around the world, few physicians choose it as a career. PCPs who can find meaning and enjoyment in their work can be role models for medical students and professionals, which may encourage more physicians to specialize in primary care. We aimed to compare the kinds of work that Japanese PCPs who derive greater positive meaning from work engage in versus those who derive less positive meaning from work.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study that used self‐administered questionnaires to ask Japanese PCPs about their basic characteristics and engagement in and enthusiasm for various types of work. The outcomes of the Japanese version of the work as meaning inventory (J‐WAMI) were also assessed. Participants were divided into high‐ and low‐scoring groups according to the median J‐WAMI score, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors related to the high J‐WAMI‐scoring group.ResultsA total of 268 out of 330 participants were included in the analysis. Males comprised 74.3%, and participants' average experience as a physician was 20.2 years. The median overall J‐WAMI score was 38. Factors associated with the high J‐WAMI scoring group were enthusiasm for outpatient care (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.06) and engagement in research (OR: 2.74, 95% CI 1.33–5.66).ConclusionsEnthusiasm for outpatient care and engagement in research are associated with greater positive meaning of work among PCPs. Supporting these types of work may enhance PCPs' value of their work.
A dual‐targeting near‐infrared biomimetic drug delivery system for HBV treatment
Authors: Chen Liuxian , Jiang Xinyun , Liu Qiang , Tang Zhenrong , Wang Dan , Xiang Zheng , Liu Shengchun , Tang Hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global public health threat. It remains elusive to achieve a functional HBV cure with currently available antivirals. Herein, a photo‐responsive delivery vehicle composed of Nd3+‐sensitized core–shell upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP), mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and capsid‐binding inhibitor C39 was established, which was named UMAC according to the initials of its components. Subsequently, the as‐synthesized delivery vehicle was encapsulated by β‐
D‐galactopyranoside (Gal) modified red blood cell (RBC) membrane vesicles, which enabled precise targeting of the liver cells (UMAC‐M‐Gal). Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that this biomimetic system could successfully achieve controlled drug release under light conditions at 808 nm, leading to effective suppression of HBV replication in this dual‐targeted therapeutic approach. Together, these results substantiate the system has huge prospects for application to achieve functional HBV cure, and provides a promising novel strategy for drug delivery.
Drumlin formation within the Bustarfell drumlin field, northeast Iceland: integrating sedimentological and ground‐penetrating radar data
Authors: Aradóttir Nína , Benediktsson Ívar Örn , Ingólfsson Ólafur , Sturkell Erik , Brynjólfsson Skafti , Farnsworth Wesley R. , Phillips Emrys 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTDrumlins are important bedforms of former glaciated landscapes as they demonstrate past ice‐flow directions and elucidate processes that operated at the ice/bed interface. Recently mapped drumlins and other streamlined subglacial bedforms in northeast Iceland reveal the flow‐sets of cross‐cutting palaeo‐ice streams that were active within the Iceland Ice Sheet (IIS) during and following the Last Glacial Maximum. Here we study the Bustarfell drumlin field within the Vopnafjörður–Jökuldalsheiði flow‐set. The internal architecture of two drumlins was investigated using sedimentological analysis and ground‐penetrating radar (GPR, 50 and 100 MHz) to illuminate subglacial processes that contributed to drumlin formation, as well as the history and dynamics of the IIS. On the stoss side of one of the drumlins, two subglacial traction till units were identified, separated by a thick unit of deformed glaciofluvial sand and gravel. The core of glaciofluvial material suggests that the drumlin formed around well‐drained patches (sticky spots) in the subglacial bed that retarded the ice flow locally through increased basal drag and encouraged till deposition. Furthermore, our GPR data indicate a combination of erosional and depositional processes. We suggest that the glaciofluvial sediments were deposited as small ice‐marginal fans on the Bustarfell plateau, possibly during the Bølling–Allerød interstadial, and that the drumlins were formed around these fans during a subsequent readvance during the Younger Dryas.
Surfactant mixtures: A short review
Authors: Grady Brian P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEvery commercial formulation that contains surfactant contains a mixture of surfactants. This chapter is a short review on surfactant mixtures in water focusing on important concepts that differ from single‐component systems. The chapter assumes a basic understanding of surfactants. Topics include micelles; adsorption at the air–water, oil–water, and water–solid interfaces; and phase behavior/precipitation. Mixtures of surfactant types that are important in applications are emphasized. In addition, those molecular aspects that affect macroscopic behavior, especially macroscopic behavior that is important for applications of surfactants, are emphasized.
Ashy dermatosis with a Wagyu beef‐like dermoscopic appearance: Report of two cases
Authors: Munekata Yuki , Yanagi Teruki , Shimano Mayuna , Orita Akihiro , Shiiya Chihiro , Kitamura Shinya , Ujiie Hideyuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere have been no reports as to the link between dermoscopic observations and disease activity in ashy dermatosis. We herein report two cases of ashy dermatosis displaying on dermoscopy the so‐called Wagyu beef‐like pattern, consisting of pigmentation on skin rete ridges and brown dots. Ashy dermatosis histologic features may change according to the clinical activity of the eruption; both of our cases were deemed to be in late stages, histopathologically characterized by dermal melanin incontinence without vacuolization of the basal cell layer. The present cases suggest that the Wagyu beef‐like appearance can be seen even in late stages of activity in ashy dermatosis.
Total saponins of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. alleviate myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury by promoting NLRP3‐inflammasome inactivation via PI3K/Akt signaling
Authors: Sun Li , Lu Wei‐Xing , Li Hui , Feng Ding‐Ya , Nie Jing‐Xiao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTotal saponins of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. (TSAE) have been shown to play a significant role in cardiovascular protection, anti‐tumor, liver protection, anti‐oxidant stress, and anti‐inflammation. However, the specific mechanisms of TSAE in myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury (MIRI) remain largely elusive. Hearts from male Wistar rats were used to establish the isolated heart MIRI model. Using a multichannel physiological recorder, the whole course heart rate (HR), left ventricular development pressure (LVDP), and maximum rise/decrease rate of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dtmax) were recorded. 2,3,5‐triphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium chloride staining observed the infarct area, while hematoxylin & eosin staining detected pathological changes in myocardial tissue. Creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, total superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde concentrations were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR, and western blot assay were used to assess the amounts of IL‐18 and IL‐1β, NLR family protein (NLRP3) inflammasome‐ and apoptosis‐related proteins, respectively. Treatment with TSAE or MCC950 (NLRP3‐specific inhibitor) significantly reduced the myocardial infarction area, alleviated pathological changes in myocardial tissues, enhanced LVDP and ±dp/dtmax levels, prevented myocardial oxidative damage, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome formation. In addition, TSAE enhanced Akt and GSK3β phosphorylation, and LY29004 co‐reperfusion markedly diminished the protective role of TSAE reperfusion on cardiac function, oxidative damage, and inflammatory responses. Collectively, TSAE treatment exhibited a protective effect on I/R‐triggered inflammatory responses, cell necrosis, and oxidative stress injury by stimulating PI3K/Akt signaling‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition.
Knowledge management practices innon‐profitorganizations: An institutional logics approach
Authors: Mahasuar Kiran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInstitutional environments are often pluralistic, and organizations must balance competing and incompatible environmental demands to achieve stability and legitimacy. Knowledge management (KM) in non‐profit organizations (NPOs) embodies this philosophy wherein the NPOs must balance the competing institutional demands and enact KM practices in a resource‐constrained environment. We evaluate this interplay of competing demands and knowledge management practices in NPOs with two polar cases using the theoretical lens of institutional logics. We find support for the hybrid nature of non‐profits and a co‐existence of multiple competing logics that drive the KM practices in NPOs and the use of innovative logics like bricolage and socialization to compensate for the resource constraints.
Mixed planting enhances soil multi‐nutrient cycling by homogenizing microbial communities across soil vertical scale
Authors: Pan Chang , Sun Chenchen , Yu Wenruinan , Guo Jiahuan , Yu Yuanchun , Li Xiaogang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSoil multi‐nutrient cycling (SMC) driven by microbial communities determines the primary productivity of forests. While functional microbes and microbial community composition are thought to contribute to SMC, the importance of different microbial communities in SMC enhancement in forest ecosystems are largely unknown. Here, we aimed to decode the underlying mechanisms of bacterial and fungal communities in the surface (0–20 cm) and subsurface soils (20–40 cm) that drive SMC in two afforestation models: pure plantation (Chinese fir) and mixed plantation (different tree varieties). Mixed planting significantly enhanced the SMC along the soil vertical spatial scale, implying that mixed planting effectively alleviated soil degradation caused by pure planting. This was attributed to the homogenization effect of mixed planting on bacterial and fungal community assemblies across the soil vertical scales. Specifically, fungal communities mainly contributed to SMC in the surface soil in mixed plantations, and bacterial communities were the primary drivers of SMC in the subsurface soil. Furthermore, multiple regression and structural equation modeling confirmed that specific key fungal taxa preferentially mediate the transformation of available phosphorus and soil organic carbon, and contribute 77.0% of SMC variation in the surface soil, while bacterial taxa mainly drive the transformation of ammonium nitrogen and soil organic carbon, and account for 60.0% of SMC variation in the subsurface soil. This study highlights the different patterns of bacterial and fungal community assembly, and their function in SMC along the soil vertical spatial scale, and advances the understanding of the roles of soil microbial communities in degraded forest soil remediation.