bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divergent and Changing Importance of Glaciers and Snow as Natural Water Reservoirs in the Eastern and Southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Qi Wei , Feng Lian , Kuang Xingxing , Zheng Chunmiao , Liu Junguo , Chen Deliang , Tian Yong , Yao Yingying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlaciers and snow are natural water reservoirs in the Tibetan Plateau (TP), affecting ecosystems, water and food security, and more than one billion downstream people. Meltwater volumes are traditionally estimated using the degree‐day concept considering only air temperature, which cannot consider the influence from downward solar and longwave radiation, humidity, wind and resultant turbulent heat fluxes. Here, we used a physically based energy budget approach considering the full energy balance in seven large river basins in the eastern and southern TP. For 1982–2011, the estimated average glacier melt was 0.32 ± 0.007 m water equivalent/yr with large spatial variability. Air temperature, downward longwave radiation, humidity, and wind speed influenced the overall glacier melt trend, and glacier melt accelerated with a rate of 0.42 mm/yr. Yet, downward shortwave radiation played an additional role in influencing the glacier melt rate fluctuation. On average, snow and glacier melt contributed 17.6% of annual river discharge during 1982–2011, including 10.0% from snow and 7.6% from glaciers. The highest and lowest relative melt contributions were in the Yarlung Tsangpo and Yalong Rivers, respectively. Mainly due to decreasing snow melt, glacier and snow melt contributions to discharge would decrease to 11.9% during 2021–2050 under the extreme climate scenario (RCP8.5), and the greatest change in the relative contributions would occur in the Upper Nu River (−9.2%). These findings indicate the divergent and changing importance of glaciers and snow as natural water reservoirs, potentially affecting socioeconomic development and adaptation to climate change in South, Southeast, and East Asia.
The druggable schizophrenia genome: from repurposing opportunities to unexplored drug targets
Authors: Lago Santiago G. , Bahn Sabine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere have been no new drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia in several decades and treatment resistance represents a major unmet clinical need. The drugs that exist are based on serendipitous clinical observations rather than an evidence-based understanding of disease pathophysiology. In the present review, we address these bottlenecks by integrating common, rare, and expression-related schizophrenia risk genes with knowledge of the druggability of the human genome as a whole. We highlight novel drug repurposing opportunities, clinical trial candidates which are supported by genetic evidence, and unexplored therapeutic opportunities in the lesser-known regions of the schizophrenia genome. By identifying translational gaps and opportunities across the schizophrenia disease space, we discuss a framework for translating increasingly well-powered genetic association studies into personalized treatments for schizophrenia and initiating the vital task of characterizing clinically relevant drug targets in underexplored regions of the human genome.
GO-SHIP Easy Ocean: Gridded ship-based hydrographic section of temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen
Authors: Katsumata Katsuro , Purkey Sarah G. , Cowley Rebecca , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Diggs Stephen C. , Moore Thomas S. , Talley Lynne D. , Swift James H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite technological advances over the last several decades, ship-based hydrography remains the only method for obtaining high-quality, high spatial and vertical resolution measurements of physical, chemical, and biological parameters over the full water column essential for physical, chemical, and biological oceanography and climate science. The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) coordinates a network of globally sustained hydrographic sections. These data provide a unique data set that spans four decades, comprised of more than 40 cross-ocean transects. The section data are, however, difficult to use owing to inhomogeneous format. The purpose of this new temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen data product is to combine, reformat and grid these data measured by Conductivity-Temperature-Depth-Oxygen (CTDO) profilers in order to facilitate their use by a wider audience. The product is machine readable and readily accessible by many existing visualisation and analysis software packages. The data processing can be repeated with modifications to suit various applications such as analysis of deep ocean, validation of numerical simulation, and calibration of autonomous platforms.
Etiologies of altered level of consciousness in the emergency room
Authors: Kim Keun Tae , Jeon Jae Cheon , Jung Chang-Gyu , Park Jung A. , Seo Jong-Geun , Kwon Doo Hyuk 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAltered levels of consciousness (ALCs) is a challenging issue; however, data describing its etiology and frequency are lacking. This study aimed to clarify and classify the etiologies of ALCs in the emergency room (ER) and to evaluate their destinations and the form of discharge. This retrospective study included patients with an ALC who visited the ER of a university hospital between January 2018 and December 2020. The cause and classification of the ALCs were carefully determined by a consortium of board-certified faculty members in emergency medicine, internal medicine, and neurology. The reference point for determining the etiology of ALC was discharge from the ER. In total, 2028 patients with ALCs were investigated. More than half (1037, 51.1%) visited the ER between 9:00 and 18:00. The most common etiology was systemic infection (581, 28.6%), followed by metabolic causes (455, 22.4%), and stroke (271, 13.4%). The two leading etiologies were extracranial and had a majority of the cases (1036, 51.5%). The overall mortality rate was 17.2%. This study provides fundamental information on ALC in the ER. Although intracranial etiologies have been foregrounded, this study demonstrated that extracranial etiologies are the main cause of ALC in the ER.
Biomolecular engineering of drugs loading in Riboflavin-targeted polymeric devices: simulation and experimental
Authors: Khedri Mohammad , Keshavarz Moraveji Mostafa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with efficient drug loading content and targeting moieties is an attractive field and remains a challenge in drug delivery systems. Atomistic investigations can provide an in-depth understanding of delivery devices and reduce the number of expensive experiments. In this paper, we studied the self-assembly of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly (ethylene glycol) with different molecular weights and surface compositions. The innovation of this molecular study is the loading of an antitumor drug (docetaxel) on a targeting ligand (riboflavin). According to this work, a novel, biocompatible and targeted system for cancer treatment has been developed. The obtained results revealed a correlation between polymer molecular weight and the stability of particles. In this line, samples including 20 and 10 w/w% moiety NPs formed from polymers with 3 and 4.5 kDa backbone sizes, respectively, are the stable models with the highest drug loading and entrapment efficiencies. Next, we evaluated NP morphology and found that NPs have a core/shell structure consisting of a hydrophobic core with a shell of poly (ethylene glycol) and riboflavin. Interestingly, morphology assessments confirmed that the targeting moiety located on the surface can improve drug delivery to receptors and cancerous cells. The developed models provided significant insight into the structure and morphology of NPs before the synthesis and further analysis of NPs in biological environments. However, in the best cases of this system, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) tests were also taken and the results were consistent with the results obtained from All Atom and Coarse Grained simulations.
Space-fractional heat transfer analysis of hybrid nanofluid along a permeable plate considering inclined magnetic field
Authors: Khazayinejad Mehdi , Nourazar S. S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, the Caputo space-fractional derivatives of energy equation are used to model the heat transfer of hybrid nanofluid flow along a plate. The plate is considered permeable and affected by an inclined magnetic field. We use the space-fractional derivative of Fourier’s law to communicate between the nonlocal temperature gradient and heat flux. The hybrid nanofluid is formed by dispersing graphene oxide and silver nanoparticles in water. The new fractional integro-differential boundary layer equations are reduced to ordinary nonlinear equations utilizing suitable normalizations and solved via a novel semi-analytical approach, namely the optimized collocation method. The results reveal that the increment of the order of space-fractional derivatives and the magnetic inclination angle increase the Nusselt number. Also, an increase in the order of space-fractional derivatives leads to a thicker thermal boundary layer thickness resulting in a higher temperature. It is also found that the temperature of the fluid rises by changing the working fluid from pure water to single nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid, respectively. What is more, the proposed semi-analytical method will be beneficial to future research in fractional boundary layer problems.
Structural and dynamic properties of eutectic mixtures based on menthol and fatty acids derived from coconut oil: a MD simulation study
Authors: Barani pour Samaneh , Jahanbin Sardroodi Jaber , Rastkar Ebrahimzadeh Alireza , Avestan Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe structural and dynamical properties of the binary mixture of Menthol (MEN) and Fatty acids (FAs) were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. To this end, the relationship between the structural and dynamical properties of the eutectic mixtures of MEN and FAs with different molar percentages of FAs are studied. Structural properties of the eutectic mixtures were characterized by calculating the combined distribution functions (CDFs), radial distribution functions (RDFs), angular distribution functions (ADFs), hydrogen bonding networks, and spatial distribution functions (SDF). Additionally, our Results indicated robust interactions between menthol and Caprylic acid molecules Finally, the transport properties of the mixtures were investigated using the mean square displacement (MSD) of the centers of mass of the species, self-diffusion coefficients and vector reorientation dynamics (VRD) of bonds. Overall, our simulation results indicated that intermolecular interactions have a significant effect on the dynamic properties of species.
Impact of intrauterine growth restriction on cerebral and renal oxygenation and perfusion during the first 3 days after birth
Authors: Montaldo Paolo , Puzone Simona , Caredda Elisabetta , Pugliese Umberto , Inserra Emanuela , Cirillo Grazia , Gicchino Francesca , Campana Giuseppina , Ursi Davide , Galdo Francesca , Internicola Margherita , Spagnuolo Ferdinando , Carpentieri Mauro , Capristo Carlo , Marzuillo Pierluigi , Del Giudice Emanuele Miraglia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with a higher incidence of perinatal complications as well as cardiovascular and renal diseases later on. A better insight into the disease mechanisms underlying these sequalae is important in order to identify which IUGR infants are at a higher risk and find strategies to improve their outcome. In this prospective case–control study we examined whether IUGR had any effect on renal and cerebral perfusion and oxygen saturation in term neonates. We integrated near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), echocardiographic, Doppler and renal function data of 105 IUGR infants and 105 age/gender-matched controls. Cerebral and renal regional oxygen saturation values were measured by NIRS during the first 12 h after birth. Echocardiography alongside Doppler assessment of renal and anterior cerebral arteries were performed at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h of age. Glomerular and tubular functions were also assessed. We found a left ventricular dysfunction together with a higher cerebral oxygen saturation and perfusion values in the IUGR group. IUGR term infants showed a higher renal oxygen saturation and a reduced oxygen extraction together with a subclinical renal damage, as indicated by higher values of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and microalbumin. These data suggest that some of the haemodynamic changes present in growth-restricted foetuses may persist postnatally. The increased cerebral oxygenation may suggest an impaired transition to normal autoregulation as a consequence of intra-uterine chronic hypoxia. The higher renal oxygenation may reflect a reduced renal oxygen consumption due to a subclinical kidney damage.
The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS)
Authors: Salvato M. , Wolf J. , Dwelly T. , Georgakakis A. , Brusa M. , Merloni A. , Liu T. , Toba Y. , Nandra K. , Lamer G. , Buchner J. , Schneider C. , Freund S. , Rau A. , Schwope A. , Nishizawa A. , Klein M. , Arcodia R. , Comparat J. , Musiimenta B. , Nagao T. , Brunner H. , Malyali A. , Finoguenov A. , Anderson S. , Shen Y. , Ibarra-Medel H. , Trump J. , Brandt W. N. , Urry C. M. , Rivera C. , Krumpe M. , Urrutia T. , Miyaji T. , Ichikawa K. , Schneider D. P. , Fresco A. , Boller T. , Haase J. , Brownstein J. , Lane R. R. , Bizyaev D. , Nitschelm C. 
Published: March 2022

Context.In November 2019, eROSITA on board of the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory started to map the entire sky in X-rays. After the four-year survey program, it will reach a flux limit that is about 25 times deeper than ROSAT. During the SRG performance verification phase, eROSITA observed a contiguous 140 deg2area of the sky down to the final depth of the eROSITA all-sky survey (eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey; eFEDS), with the goal of obtaining a census of the X-ray emitting populations (stars, compact objects, galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and active galactic nuclei) that will be discovered over the entire sky.Aims.This paper presents the identification of the counterparts to the point sources detected in eFEDS in the main and hard samples and their multi-wavelength properties, including redshift.Methods.To identifyy the counterparts, we combined the results from two independent methods (NWAYandASTROMATCH), trained on the multi-wavelength properties of a sample of 23kXMM-Newtonsources detected in the DESI Legacy Imaging Survey DR8. Then spectroscopic redshifts and photometry from ancillary surveys were collated to compute photometric redshifts.Results.Of the eFEDS sources, 24 774 of 27 369 have reliable counterparts (90.5%) in the main sample and 231 of 246 sourcess (93.9%) have counterparts in the hard sample, including 2514 (3) sources for which a second counterpart is equally likely. By means of reliable spectra,Gaiaparallaxes, and/or multi-wavelength properties, we have classified the reliable counterparts in both samples into Galactic (2695) and extragalactic sources (22 079). For about 340 of the extragalactic sources, we cannot rule out the possibility that they are unresolved clusters or belong to clusters. Inspection of the distributions of the X-ray sources in various optical/IR colour-magnitude spaces reveal a rich variety of diverse classes of objects. The photometric redshifts are most reliable within the KiDS/VIKING area, where deep near-infrared data are also available.Conclusions.This paper accompanies the eROSITA early data release of all the observations performed during the performance and verification phase. Together with the catalogues of primary and secondary counterparts to the main and hard samples of the eFEDS survey, this paper releases their multi-wavelength properties and redshifts.
Anticorps et senseurs de l’ADN agissent de concert pour stimuler la réponse anti-virale des macrophages
Authors: Darrault Fanny , Ibrahmen Mohamed , Dupré-Crochet Sophie 
Published: March 2022

Pour la sixième année consécutive, dans le cadre du module d’enseignement « Physiopathologie de la signalisation » proposé par l’université Paris-sud, les étudiants du Master « Biologie Santé » de l’université Paris-Saclay se sont essayés à l’écriture scientifique. Ils ont sélectionné une quinzaine d’articles scientifiques récents dans le domaine de la signalisation cellulaire, présentant des résultats originaux, via des approches expérimentales variées, sur des thèmes allant des relations hôte-pathogène aux innovations thérapeutiques, en passant par la signalisation hépatique et le métabolisme. Après un travail préparatoire réalisé avec l’équipe pédagogique, les étudiants, organisés en binômes, ont ensuite rédigé, guidés par des chercheurs, une Nouvelle soulignant les résultats majeurs et l’originalité de l’article étudié. Ils ont beaucoup apprécié cette initiation à l’écriture d’articles scientifiques et, comme vous pourrez le lire, se sont investis dans ce travail avec enthousiasme ! Deux de ces Nouvelles sont publiées dans ce numéro, les autres le seront dans des prochains numéros.
Infektiöse posteriore Uveitis – Toxoplasmose, Treponema, Tuberkulose (TTT)
Authors: Neß Thomas , Winterhalter Sibylle , Stübiger Nicole 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungInfektionen mit Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum und Mycobacterium tuberculosis sind nach wie vor die wichtigsten infektiösen Ursachen einer posterioren Uveitis. Epidemiologie,
klinisches Bild, Diagnostik und Therapie dieser Krankheitsbilder werden dargestellt.
Abskopale Reaktion – ein unterschätzter Effekt mit großem Potenzial
Authors: Exner Sebastian A. , Behrens Felix , Fehlauer Fabian 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie lokale Strahlentherapie spielt in der kurativen wie palliativen Krebsbehandlung eine große Rolle. Tumoransprechen außerhalb des bestrahlten Feldes werden als abskopaler Effekt (von lat. „ab“=weg von und „scopus“=Ziel) bezeichnet. Abskopale Reaktionen wurden erstmals 1953 von Robin Mole beschrieben, der bemerkt hatte, dass bei nicht behandelten Läsionen eine Tumorregression beobachtet wurde, wenn ein Tumorbereich fokal bestrahlt wurde.Studien haben gezeigt, dass eine Strahlentherapie die immunvermittelte Tumorerkennung verbessern kann und mit der Immun-Checkpoint-Blockade (ICB) synergistisch wirkt. Dadurch wird die Rolle der Strahlentherapie von einer lokalen Behandlung auf eine systemische ausgeweitet. Eine wirksame Immunreaktionen kann durch lokale Strahlentherapie aktiviert werden und systemische Erkrankungen bekämpfen durch eine systemische, abskopale Wirkung.
Möbius mirrors
Authors: Good Michael R R , Linder Eric V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An accelerating boundary (mirror) acts as a horizon and black hole analog, radiating energy with some particle spectrum. We demonstrate that a Möbius transformation on the null coordinate advanced time mirror trajectory uniquely keeps invariant not only the energy flux but the particle spectrum. We clarify how the geometric entanglement entropy is also invariant. The transform allows generation of families of dynamically distinct trajectories, including

PT

-symmetric ones, mapping from the eternally thermal mirror to the de Sitter horizon, and different boundary motions corresponding to Kerr or Schwarzschild black holes.
Edge adaptive hybrid regularization model for image deblurring
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Chen Jie , Wu Caiying , He Zhifei , Zeng Tieyong , Jin Qiyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Parameter selection is crucial to regularization-based image restoration methods. Generally speaking, a spatially fixed parameter for the regularization term does not perform well for both edge and smooth areas. A larger parameter for the regularization term reduces noise better in smooth areas but blurs edge regions, while a small parameter sharpens edge but causes residual noise. In this paper, an automated spatially adaptive regularization model, which combines the harmonic and total variation (TV) terms, is proposed for the image reconstruction from noisy and blurred observation. The proposed model detects the edges and then spatially adjusts the parameters of Tikhonov and TV regularization terms for each pixel according to the edge information. Accordingly, the edge information matrix will also be dynamically updated during the iterations. Computationally, the newly-established model is convex, which can be solved by the semi-proximal alternating direction method of multipliers with a linear convergence rate. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model effectively preserves the image edges and eliminates the noise and blur at the same time. In comparison to state-of-the-art algorithms, it outperforms other methods in terms of peak signal to noise ratio, structural similarity index and visual quality.
Fabrication of a 3D carbon electrode for potential dielectrophoresis-based hepatic cell patterning application using carbon micro-electrical-mechanical system (CMEMS)
Authors: Wan Yahya Wan Nurlina , Ibrahim Fatimah , Thiha Aung , Jamaluddin Nurul Fauzani , Madou Marc 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cell patterning of hepatocyte cells is one of the techniques to construct liver tissue engineering. This work presents the development of a 3D carbon dielectrophoresis (carbonDEP) microfluidic chip for cell patterning using carbon micro-electrical-mechanical system microfabrication approach. The new design of electrode named interdigitated radiating-strips electrode (IRSE) was fabricated to generate positive DEP (pDEP) force for cell patterning mimicking the biological hepatic lobule. The electrical characterization of the fabricated carbon electrode shows that the average electrode resistivity is 4.61 ± 1.19 × 10−4 Ω m which is low enough to generate effective DEP force using 10 of volts. Results also show the shrinkage of the SU-8 structures during pyrolysis which gives impact to the final dimension of the carbon electrode. The functioning of the DEP microfluidic chip was demonstrated through DEP polystyrene microbeads patterning as a model of hepatocyte cells. 3D carbon IRSE presents a 67% increase in trapping efficiency of pDEP microbeads as compared to the planar carbon IRSE and the microbeads were pattern along the electrical field induced to form a hepatic lobule mimicking pattern. These results suggest that the 3D carbonDEP microfluidic chip has a great potential to be used for 3D hepatic cells patterning for liver tissue engineering applications.
Tuning electronic properties and ferromagnetism of CrI3 monolayers with doped transition-metal atoms
Authors: Meng Qing-Yu , Lu Qiang , Cui Wei-Bin , Xu Tong-Tong , Zhang Lian-Lian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Chromium triiodide (CrI3) monolayers have attracted much attention among the first two-dimensional materials discovered experimentally in both electronics and spintronics due to their potential applications. By means of density functional theory, we perform investigations of the electronic structures and magnetic properties of CrI3 monolayer doped with 3 d transition-metal (TM) atoms, which is also called CrXI6 monolayer with X changed from Sc to Fe. It is shown that the electron properties of the CrXI6 system can be tuned from semiconductor to metal/half-metal, which depend on the types of TM atoms. In addition, the CrXI6 system improves ferromagnetic (FM) stabilities, enhancement of magnetic moments, and FM-to-antiferromagnetic transition. These findings enrich the potential application perspectives of CrI3 monolayer in spintronics.