bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep Inversion and The Left Ventricular Systolic Function
Authors: ElGendi Mohamed , Kandil Hossam , Elamragy Ahmed , Elremisy Dalia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Sleep inversion is sleeping during the day and waking up at night; a depart from the normal sleeping time between 10:00 PM to 5:00 AM.

The aim of this study
was to detect subtle changes in left ventricular (LV) systolic function caused by sleep inversion using strain imaging in young healthy individuals free of cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods
100 healthy persons (18 to 35 years of age) with an inverted sleep pattern, and a normal LV systolic function by conventional 2D echocardiography were compared with 100 healthy individuals from the same age group with normal sleep timings. Conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography were performed.

Results
Male gender, smoking, less exercise, social media overuse, and junk food were significantly more common in the sleep inversion group. They had lower mean GLS than the controls (-20.90% ± 3.45 vs -22.87% ± 3.67, p &lt; 0.0001). By multivariate analysis, sleep inversion was found to be independently associated with low GLS (Odds ratio: 2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–3.82, p = 0.03).

Conclusion
Sleep inversion is associated with subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction detected by speckle tracking in young healthy individuals.

Additional Content
An author video to accompany this abstract is available on https://academic.oup.com/eurheartjsupp. Please click on the arrow next to ‘More Content’ and then click on ‘Author videos’.
‘This beautiful appearance … has gradually transformed and become altogether monstrous’: the massacre at Troyes as a foreseeable tragedy
Authors: Roberts Penny 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The massacres that took place in several provincial towns during August, September and October 1572 have attracted far less attention than the intense historical scrutiny given to events in Paris. This relative neglect gives the impression that there is nothing more to say about these episodes of violence except as aftershocks of the main event. Focusing on the case of Troyes in Champagne, this article demonstrates that the provincial massacres are worthy of re-examination. It reconsiders the context of the killing on the streets and in the prison of the town and, in particular, those who were supposedly responsible for ordering the bloodshed. Although it remains impossible to reconstruct a complete picture, the unusual richness of the surviving local sources allows for a more nuanced analysis than provided hitherto and a better-informed understanding of the events as they unfolded.
Renormalization group effects for a rank degenerate Yukawa matrix and the fate of the massless neutrino
Authors: Benoit Nicholas J , Morozumi Takuya , Shimizu Yusuke , Takagi Kenta , Yuu Akihiro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The type-I seesaw model is a common extension to the Standard Model that describes neutrino masses. The type-I seesaw introduces heavy right-handed neutrinos with Majorana mass that transform as Standard Model electroweak gauge singlets. We initially study a case with two right-handed neutrinos called the 3-2 model. At an energy scale above the right-handed neutrinos, the effective neutrino mass matrix is rank degenerate, implying that the lightest neutrino is massless. After considering renormalization effects below the two right-handed neutrinos, the effective neutrino mass matrix remains rank degenerate. Next, we study a model with three right-handed neutrinos called the 3-3 model. Above the energy scale of the three right-handed neutrinos, we construct the effective neutrino mass matrix to be rank degenerate. After solving for the renormalization effects to energies below the three right-handed neutrinos, we find that the rank of the effective neutrino mass matrix depends on the kernel solutions of the renormalization group equations. We prove that for the simplest kernel solutions the effective neutrino mass matrix remains rank degenerate.
Grit personality of physicians and achievement of treatment goals in patients with system lupus erythematosus
Authors: Sada Ken-ei , Miyawaki Yoshia , Shidahara Kenta , Nawachi Shoichi , Katayama Yu , Asano Yosuke , Hayashi Keigo , Ohashi Keiji , Katsuyama Eri , Katsuyama Takayuki , Takano-Narazaki Mariko , Matsumoto Yoshinori , Oguro Nao , Ishikawa Yuichi , Sakurai Natsuki , Hidekawa Chiharu , Yoshimi Ryusuke , Kishida Dai , Ichikawa Takanori , Shimojima Yasuhiro , Kurita Noriaki , Yajima Nobuyuki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Although personality characteristics of patients with SLE affect their disease activity and damage, it is unclear whether those of attending physicians affect the outcomes of patients with SLE. Grit is a personality trait for achieving long-term goals that may influence the decision-making for continuing treatment plans for patients. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the grit of attending physicians and achievement of treatment goals in patients with SLE.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at five referral hospitals. The main exposure was ‘consistency of interest’ and ‘perseverance of effort’ of the attending physicians, measured by the Short Grit Scale. The primary outcome was achievement of a lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS). The association between physicians’ grit score and LLDAS was analysed by generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression with cluster robust variance estimation, with adjustment for confounders.

Results
The median (interquartile range) total, consistency and perseverance scores of 37 physicians were 3.1 (2.9–3.6), 3.3 (2.8–3.8) and 3.3 (3.0–3.5), respectively. Among the 386 patients, 154 (40%) had achieved LLDAS. Low consistency score (≤2.75) in physicians was related to LLDAS achievement independently using GEE logistic regression. The score of the question ‘I often set a goal but later choose to pursue a different one’ was significantly higher in patients achieving LLDAS.

Conclusions
Difficulty of attending physicians to change treatment goals might be related to lower LLDAS achievement in patients with SLE.
Effect of D4 Dopamine Receptor on Na+-K+-ATPase Activity in Renal Proximal Tubule Cells
Authors: He Duofen , Ren Hongmei , Wang Hongyong , Jose Pedro A. , Zeng Chunyu , Xia Tianyang , Yang Jian 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
Dopamine, via its receptors, plays a vital role in the maintenance of blood pressure by modulating renal sodium transport. However, the role of the D4 dopamine receptor (D4 receptor) in renal proximal tubules (PRTs) is still unclear. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that activation of D4 receptor directly inhibits the activity of the Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA) in RPT cells.

Methods:
NKA activity, nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels were measured in RPT cells treated with the D4 receptor agonist PD168077 and/or the D4 receptor antagonist L745870, the NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) or the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo-[4,3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ). Total D4 receptor expression and its expression in the plasma membrane were investigated by immunoblotting in RPT cells from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).

Results:
Activation of D4 receptors with PD168077, inhibited NKA activity in RPT cells from WKY rats in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of PD168077 on NKA activity was prevented by the addition of the D4 receptor antagonist L745870, which by itself had no effect. The NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME and the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ, which by themselves had no effect on NKA activity, eliminated the inhibitory effect of PD168077 on NKA activity. Activation of D4 receptors also increased NO levels in the culture medium and cGMP levels in RPT cells. However, the inhibitory effect of D4 receptors on NKA activity was absent in RPT cells from SHRs, which could be related to decreased plasma membrane expression of D4 receptors in SHR RPT cells.

Conclusions:
Activation of D4 receptors directly inhibits NKA activity via the NO/cGMP signaling pathway in RPT cells from WKY rats but not SHRs. Aberrant regulation of NKA activity in RPT cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
The FDG Pattern of Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodules Correlates With Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Histopathology
Authors: Piccardo Arnoldo , Fiz Francesco , Bottoni Gianluca , Massollo Michela , Puntoni Matteo , Catrambone Ugo , Foppiani Luca , Bertagna Francesco , Albano Domenico , Trimboli Pierpaolo 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of the report
Whereas the 18F-FDG PET/CT pattern of malignant thyroid neoplasia is known, the glucose uptake of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) has not been fully investigated. We aimed to analyze the FDG uptake of AFTNs and its correlation with clinical, laboratory, ultrasonography, and histological features.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the records of all AFTN patients from 2 centers, in which an 18F-FDG PET/CT, thyroid function tests, and neck ultrasound were available within a 3-month window from the thyroid scintigraphy. Forty-five patients (35 female patients; median age, 65 years) were retrospectively included. The presence of FDG uptake was compared with the laboratory data and, whenever available, the histology.

Results
Over a 36-month follow-up, 20 patients underwent surgery; 4 cancers, 10 follicular adenomas, and 6 follicular hyperplasias were found. Twenty-two AFTNs (48.9%) were FDG-positive, whereas the remaining 23 (51.1%) were not. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was significantly lower in FDG-positive AFTNs than in negative ones (0.055 [0.02–0.42] vs 0.65 [0.2–0.96] mIU/L, P = 0.0018). On multivariate analysis, only TSH was independently associated with FDG uptake (P = 0.008). On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, TSH <0.08 mIU/L indicated FDG-positive AFTNs, with 64% sensitivity, 87% specificity, 4.88 positive likelihood ratio, and 0.42 negative likelihood ratio. In histologically proven benign lesions, TSH was significantly lower in follicular adenomas than in follicular hyperplasias (P < 0.001). Patients with cancer had TSH in the low-normal range.

Conclusions
Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules show heterogeneous uptake FDG pattern, which depends on histopathology and thyroid function. Particularly, follicular adenomas tend to display increased glucose uptake and suppressed TSH.
Repairing Small Facial Soft Tissue Defects by Tissue Regeneration in Asians
Authors: Gao Shenzhen , Zhou Rong , Gao Weicheng 
Published: October 2022

Background:A variety of options are available to repair the small facial soft tissue defects after surgical removal of cutaneous tumor, including direct suture, skin grafts, local, regional or free flaps. However, tissue regeneration is another option for repairing facial defects. This study proposes the clinical application of the principle of tissue regeneration priority in small defects (diameter <1.3 cm) of facial soft tissue.Methods:A retrospective study of 33 patients whose facial defects were repaired by tissue regeneration healing in situ from January 2019 to January 2022. In this group, the facial soft tissue defects were treated with wound moist theory in order to promote wound regeneration.Result:All patients underwent 1 month follow-up at least and the longest follow-up time was 6 months. Hundred percent of the patients were satisfied with their cosmetic outcome. Only some patients formed small depression scars after surgery, the appearance of which were similar to acne scar. In this situation, re-resection and laser treatment could be used as complementary procedures. However, no patient underwent the secondary treatments including laser and re-resection.Conclusion:Healing by tissue regeneration is an effective option for the facial defects in Asians. For most of the small soft tissue defects of the face, tissue regeneration in situ can achieve satisfactory effects. More importantly, it has the advantages of simple operation and fewer complications.
Hospital Variation in Mortality After Inpatient Pediatric Surgery
Authors: Mehl Steven C. , Portuondo Jorge I. , Tian Yao , Raval Mehul V. , Shah Sohail R. , Vogel Adam M. , Wesson David , Massarweh Nader N. 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
The aim was to determine the association between risk adjusted hospital perioperative mortality rates, postoperative complications, and failure to rescue (FTR) after inpatient pediatric surgery.

Background:
FTR has been identified as a possible explanatory factor for hospital variation in perioperative mortality in adults. However, the extent to which this may be the case for hospitals that perform pediatric surgery is unclear.

Methods:
The Pediatric Health Information System database (2012–2020) was used to identify patients who underwent one of 57 high-risk operations associated with significant perioperative mortality (n=203,242). Academic, pediatric hospitals (n=48) were stratified into quintiles based on risk adjusted inpatient mortality [lower than average, quintile 1 (Q1); higher than average, quintile 5 (Q5)]. Multivariable hierarchical regression was used to evaluate the association between hospital mortality rates, complications, and FTR.

Results:
Inpatient mortality, complication, and FTR rates were 2.3%, 8.8%, and 8.8%, respectively. Among all patients who died after surgery, only 34.1% had a preceding complication (Q1, 36.1%; Q2, 31.5%; Q3, 34.7%; Q4, 35.7%; Q5, 32.2%; trend test, P=0.49). The rates of observed mortality significantly increased across hospital quintiles, but the difference was <1% (Q1, 1.9%; Q5; 2.6%; trend test, P<0.01). Relative to Q1 hospitals, the odds of complications were not significantly increased at Q5 hospitals [odds ratio (OR): 1.02 (0.87–1.20)]. By comparison, the odds of FTR was significantly increased at Q5 hospitals [OR: 1.60 (1.30–1.96)] with a dose-response relationship across hospital quintiles [Q2—OR: 0.99 (0.80–1.22); Q3—OR: 1.26 (1.03–1.55); Q4—OR: 1.33 (1.09–1.63)].

Conclusions:
The minority of pediatric surgical deaths are preceded by a postoperative complication, but variation in risk adjusted mortality across academic, pediatric hospitals may be partially explained by differences in the recognition and management of postoperative complications. Additional work is needed to identify children at greatest risk of postoperative death from perioperative complications as opposed to those at risk from pre-existing chronic conditions.
Lysobacter selenitireducens sp. nov., isolated from river sediment
Authors: Mao Sidi , Li Shucheng , Guo Bai , Mu Weidong , Hou Xiaoxiao , Liu Hongliang , Wei Shuzhen , Liu Aijv , Kong Ling , Chen Zhiwei 
Published: October 2022

A Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, motile, flagellated and rod-shaped bacterium, designated as 13AT, was isolated from a river sediment sample of Fuyang River in Hengshui City, Hebei Province, PR China. Strain 13AT grew at 10–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 5.0–11.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and at 0–7 % (w/v) NaCl concentration (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain 13AT belongs to the genus

Lysobacter

, and was most closely related to

Lysobacter spongiicola

DSM 21749T (97.8 %),

Lysobacter concretionis

DSM 16239T (97.5 %),

Lysobacter daejeonensis

GIM 1.690T (97.3 %) and

Lysobacter arseniciresistens

CGMCC 1.10752T (96.9 %). Meanwhile, the type species

Lysobacter enzymogenes

ATCC 29487T was selected as a reference strain (95.2 %). The genomic size of strain 13AT was 3.0 Mb and the DNA G+C content was 69.0 %. The average nucleotide identity values between strain 13AT and each of the reference type strains

L. spongiicola

DSM 21749T,

L. concretionis

DSM 16239T,

L. daejeonensis

GIM 1.690T,

L. arseniciresistens

CGMCC 1.10752T and

L. enzymogenes

ATCC 29487T were 75.9, 76.1, 77.7, 78.0 and 73.2 %, respectively. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain 13AT and each of the reference type strains were 21.7, 22.2, 21.9, 22.7 and 23.2 %, respectively. The average amino acid identity values between strain 13AT and each of the reference type strains were 72.5, 72.9, 72.3, 75.0 and 69.2 %, respectively. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1
ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl). The sole respiratory quinone was identified as ubiquinone-8. The polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified lipid, four unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified glycolipids. Based on the phenotypic, physiological, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 13AT represents a novel species of the genus

Lysobacter

, for which the name Lysobacter selenitireducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 13AT (=JCM 34786T=GDMCC 1.2722T).
Smart phone application to exclude esophageal/cardio-fundal varices in compensated cirrhosis of non-viral aetiology using liver transaminases levels and transient elastography measured liver stiffness and splenic stiffness
Authors: Nishad AAN , Niriella MA , De Silva AP , Jayasundara H , Samarawickrama VT , Jayasena H , Thebuwana K , Dharshika S , Hewathanthri G , Ranawaka CK , Withanage M , Pathmeswaran A , de Silva HJ 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroduction and objectiveWe used AST to ALT ratio (AAR) and, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), splenic stiffness measurement (SSM) by transient elastography to develop a statistical model and present it as a user-friendly smartphone application to exclude the presence of oesophageal and cardio-fundal varices to avoid upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in selected patients.MethodsA prospective study was carried out among patients with Child-Pugh Class A cirrhosis (non-viral and BMI<30kg/m2). LSM and SSM were obtained usingFibroscan(EchoSens) by a single operator, blinded to the presence or absence of varices. The predictors used to develop the formula were AAR, LSM and SSM. Multiple logistic regression was used to create the algorithms in 70% of the sample and validated using 30% of the sample with Bootstrapping of 1000. Best algorithms with the highest area under the curve (AUC) were selected and identified as different cut-off levels to exclude or predict the presence of varices. Those values were included in a smartphone application on android and iOS web-based platforms.ResultsOne hundred and nine out of 211 had varices. After modelling different combinations, logistic regression formula (LRF)=5.577+(LSM*0.035)+(SSM*0.08)+(AAR*1.48) resulted AUCs 0.93. Cut-off value <-1.26 of LRF predicted the exclusion of varices with a negative predictive value of 90%. Cut-off value >0.829 of LRF predicted the presence of varices with a positive predictive value of 91%. Multiple values were used to develop a smartphone app on the Angular 2+ platform. (It can be downloaded for use @https://mediformula-65ef0.web.app/).ConclusionThe new formula using AAR, LSM and SSM can be used to predict exclusion of varices with high accuracy in non-obese patients with compensated cirrhosis of non-viral aetiology based on the patient’s biochemical or fibroscan values. The smartphone application derived from this model is easy to use. It is the first mobile application to be used to exclude or predict the presence of varices utilizing SSM.
B cell depletion attenuates CD27 signaling of T helper cells in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ulutekin Can , Galli Edoardo , Khademi Mohsen , Callegari Ilaria , Piehl Fredrik , Sanderson Nicholas , Filippi Massimo , Furlan Roberto , Olsson Tomas , Derfuss Tobias , Ingelfinger Florian , Becher Burkhard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Traditionally, MS was held to be a T-cell mediated disease, but accumulating evidence during the last decade also highlighted the crucial importance of B cells for the disease progression. Particularly, B cell depleting therapies (BCDTs), have demonstrated striking efficacy in suppressing inflammatory disease activity in relapsing-remitting MS. However, a detailed understanding of the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of MS is still lacking, and by extension also the mechanism of action of BCDTs. In this longitudinal multi-center study, we investigated the impact of BCDTs on the immune landscape in MS patients using high-dimensional single-cell immunophenotyping (cytometry by time-of-flight; CyTOF). Algorithm-guided analyses revealed phenotypic changes in the newly reconstituted B cell compartment after BCDT, as well as a marked specific reduction of circulating T follicular helper (Tfh) cells with a concomitant upregulation of CD27 surface expression in memory T helper cells and Tfh cells. These findings indicate a costimulatory mechanism in the CD27/CD70 signaling pathway, through which B cells sustain the activation of pathogenic T cells. Disrupting the CD27/CD70 signaling axis via BCDTs provides a potential explanation for its clinical efficacy.One Sentence SummaryB cell depletion contracts follicular T helper cells, displaces memory-to-naïve ratio and impairs CD27 signaling in T helper cells.
Ancestral reconstruction of the MotA stator subunit reveals that conserved residues far from the pore are required to drive flagellar motility
Authors: Islam Md Imtiazul , Ridone Pietro , Lin Angela , Michie Katharine A , Matzke Nicholas J , Hochberg Georg , Baker Matthew AB 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe bacterial flagellar motor (BFM) is a rotary nanomachine powered by the translocation of ions across the inner membrane through the stator complex. The stator complex consists of two membrane proteins: MotA and MotB (in H+powered motors), or PomA and PomB (in Na+powered motors). In this study we used ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) to probe which residues of MotA correlate with function and may have been conserved to preserve motor function. We reconstructed ten ancestral sequences of MotA and found four of them were motile in combination with contemporaryE. coliMotB and in combination with our previously published functional ancestral MotBs. Sequence comparison between wild-type (WT)E. coliMotA and MotA-ASRs revealed 30 critical residues across multiple domains of MotA that were conserved among all motile stator units. These conserved residues included pore-facing, cytoplasm-facing and MotA-MotA intermolecular facing sites. Overall, this work demonstrates the role of ASR in assessing conserved variable residues in a subunit of a molecular complex.
7SK methylation Promotes Transcriptional Activity
Authors: Perez-Pepe Marcelo , Desotell Anthony W. , Li Hengyi , Li Wenxue , Han Bing , Lin Qishan , Klein Daryl E. , Liu Yansheng , Goodarzi Hani , Alarcón Claudio R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA fundamental facet of cell signaling is the conversion of extracellular signals into adaptive transcriptional responses. The role of RNA modifications in this process is poorly understood. The small nuclear RNA 7SK prevents transcription elongation by sequestering the complex CDK9/CCNT1 (P-TEFb). We discovered that METTL3 methylates 7SK. The m6A methylation of 7SK in turn promotes its binding to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (HNRNPs), with consequent release of the HEXIM1/P-TEFb complex – leading to the induction of growth factor-stimulated transcriptional responses. The methylation of 7SK relies on the activation of METTL3 via phosphorylation downstream of growth factors-signaling pathways such as the epidermal growth factor (EGF). Our findings establish a novel function for the m6A modification in converting growth-factor signaling events to a transcriptional elongation regulatory response via an RNA-methylation-dependent switch.One-Sentence Summarym6A methylation of the non-coding RNA 7SK promotes transcriptional activity upon growth factor stimulation.