bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refractory nocturnal enuresis associated with bulbar urethral stricture successfully treated by non‐transecting urethroplasty
Authors: Matsuo Yuki , Kanematsu Akihiro , Yamamoto Shingo 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionUrethral obstruction has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of nocturnal enuresis, but such patients have been treated only endoscopically. We report a case in which nocturnal enuresis was successfully treated by an urethroplasty.Case presentationA 13‐year‐old boy was referred to our hospital for nocturnal enuresis, which was refractory to desmopressin acetate, anticholinergic drugs, and alarm therapy. Video urodynamic study findings showed bladder outlet obstruction associated with a short bulbar stricture. Two attempts to relieve the obstruction by direct vision internal urethrotomy improved enuresis, albeit transiently. A non‐transecting urethroplasty was performed at the age of 15 years, which resulted in dramatic and durable improvements in enuresis, maximal flow rate in uroflowmetry, as well as other urodynamic parameters.ConclusionUrethroplasty, preferably by a non‐transecting technique, can be a viable treatment option for intractable nocturnal enuresis associated with non‐traumatic and short bulbar urethral stricture upon completion of puberty.
Suppressing intermolecular interactions for enhancing the performance of exciplex‐based OLEDs
Authors: Hu Yuan‐Cheng , Chen Li‐Ming , Lin Zong‐Liang , Lee Jhih‐Wei , Wei Wei‐Chih , Ko Tzu‐Yu , Lo Chun‐Yuan , Hung Wen‐Yi , Wong Ken‐Tsung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, a new triazatruxene‐based donor Tr‐iBu bearing branched alkyl groups is reported to suppress the aggregation found in a previously reported methyl‐substituted counterpart Tr‐Me. The effects of a steric factor on the propensity of exciplex formation were examined by respectively mixing these triazatruxene‐based donors with PO‐T2T and two new acceptors PO‐T2P and PO‐Pyr, all bearing phosphine oxide as the peripheral groups and N‐heteroarene cores with different numbers of nitrogen. Based on the steric hindrance of side groups and their corresponding molecular orbitals alignments of donors and acceptors, the characteristics of exciplex‐forming systems were analyzed. Among them, the exciplex‐forming blends Tr‐iBu:PO‐T2P and Tr‐iBu:PO‐Pyr were selected to serve as the emitting layer (EML) to achieve OLED devices with a moderate maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 8.27 and 7.54%, respectively. Adopting the Förster resonance energy transfer strategy, the exciplex cohost was doped with a fluorescence emitter, DPy2CN, to realize a deep‐red OLED device with the emission peak centered at 674 nm while retaining EQEmax of 6.28%. Our results highlight the importance of suppressing the donor aggregation, adequate donor: acceptor combination, and a suitable triplet state of composing the materials for giving efficient exciplex‐based OLEDs.
Cell adhesion and immune response, two main functions altered in the transcriptome of seasonally regressed testes of two mammalian species
Authors: Real Francisca M. , Lao‐Pérez Miguel , Burgos Miguel , Mundlos Stefan , Lupiáñez Darío G. , Jiménez Rafael , Barrionuevo Francisco J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn species with seasonal breeding, male specimens undergo substantial testicular regression during the nonbreeding period of the year. However, the molecular mechanisms that control this biological process are largely unknown. Here, we report a transcriptomic analysis on the Iberian mole, Talpa occidentalis, in which the desquamation of live, nonapoptotic germ cells is the major cellular event responsible for testis regression. By comparing testes at different reproductive states (active, regressing, and inactive), we demonstrate that the molecular pathways controlling the cell adhesion function in the seminiferous epithelium, such as the MAPK, ERK, and TGF‐β signaling, are altered during the regression process. In addition, inactive testes display a global upregulation of genes associated with immune response, indicating a selective loss of the “immune privilege” that normally operates in sexually active testes. Interspecies comparative analyses using analogous data from the Mediterranean pine vole, a rodent species where testis regression is controlled by halting meiosis entry, revealed a common gene expression signature in the regressed testes of these two evolutionary distant species. Our study advances in the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms associated to gonadal seasonal breeding, highlighting the existence of a conserved transcriptional program of testis involution across mammalian clades.
Transcriptional profiles define drug refractory disease in myeloma
Authors: Zhu Yuan Xiao , Bruins Laura A. , Chen Xianfeng , Shi Chang‐Xin , Bonolo De Campos Cecilia , Meurice Nathalie , Wang Xuewei , Ahmann Greg J. , Ramsower Colleen A. , Braggio Esteban , Rimsza Lisa M. , Stewart A. Keith 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIdentifying biomarkers associated with disease progression and drug resistance are important for personalized care. We investigated the expression of 121 curated genes, related to immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs) responsiveness. We analyzed 28 human multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines with known drug sensitivities and 130 primary MM patient samples collected at different disease stages, including newly diagnosed (ND), on therapy (OT), and relapsed and refractory (RR, collected within 12 months before the patients’ death) timepoints. Our findings led to the identification of a subset of genes linked to clinical drug resistance, poor survival, and disease progression following combination treatment containing IMIDs and/or PIs. Finally, we built a seven‐gene model (MM‐IMiD and PI sensitivity‐7 genes [IP‐7]) using digital gene expression profiling data that significantly separates ND patients from IMiD‐ and PI‐refractory RR patients. Using this model, we retrospectively analyzed RNA sequcencing (RNAseq) data from the Mulltiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) CoMMpass (n = 578) and Mayo Clinic MM patient registry (n = 487) to divide patients into probabilities of responder and nonresponder, which subsequently correlated with overall survival, disease stage, and number of prior treatments. Our findings suggest that this model may be useful in predicting acquired resistance to treatments containing IMiDs and/or PIs.
Implementation of a comprehensive hospitalist‐led initiative to improve care for patients with opioid use disorder
Authors: Clifton Dana , Ivey Noel , Poley Stephanie , O'Regan Amy , Raman Sudha R. , Frascino Nicole , Hamilton Shavone , Setji Noppon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs opioid‐related hospitalizations rise, hospitals must be prepared to evaluate and treat patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). We implemented a hospitalist‐led program, Project Caring for patients with Opioid Misuse through Evidence‐based Treatment (COMET) to address gaps in care for hospitalized patients with OUD.ObjectiveImplement evidence‐based treatment for inpatients with OUD and refer to postdischarge care.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsProject COMET launched in July 2019 at Duke University Hospital (DUH), an academic medical center in Durham, NC.Intervention, Main Outcomes, and MeasuresWe engaged key stakeholders, performed a needs assessment, and secured health system funding. We developed protocols to standardize OUD treatment and employed a social worker to facilitate postdischarge care. Electronic health records were utilized for data analysis.ResultsCOMET evaluated 512 patients for OUD during their index hospitalization from July 1, 2019 through June 30, 2021. Seventy‐one percent of patients received medication for OUD (MOUD) during admission. Of those who received buprenorphine during admission, 64% received a discharge prescription. Of those who received methadone during admission, 83% of eligible patients were connected to a methadone clinic. Among all patients at DUH with OUD, MOUD use during hospitalization and at discharge increased in the post‐COMET period compared to the pre‐COMET period (p < .001 for both).ConclusionOur program is one of the first to demonstrate successful implementation of a hospitalist‐led, comprehensive approach to caring for hospitalized patients with OUD and can serve as an example to other institutions seeking to implement life‐saving, evidence‐based treatment in this population.
M101, a therapeutic oxygen carrier derived fromArenicola marina, decreasedPorphyromonas gingivalis‐induced hypoxia and improved periodontal healing
Authors: Batool Fareeha , Petit Catherine , Stutz Céline , Özçelik Hayriye , Gegout Pierre‐Yves , Benkirane‐Jessel Nadia , Delpy Eric , Zal Franck , Leize‐Zal Elisabeth , Huck Olivier 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPorphyromonas gingivalisexacerbates tissue hypoxia and worsens periodontal inflammation. This study investigated the effect of a therapeutic oxygen carrier (M101), derived fromArenicola marina, on hypoxia and associated inflammation in the context of periodontitis.MethodsThe effect of M101 on GLUT‐1, GLUT‐3, HIF‐1α, and MMP‐9 expression, hypoxia, and antioxidant status in oral epithelial cells (EC) exposed to CoCl2(1000 μM),P. gingivalis(MOI 100), and CoCl2+P. gingivaliswas evaluated through hypoxia detection fluorescence assay, antioxidant concentration colorimetric assay, and RTqPCR. Evaluation of M101 on EC proliferation was evaluated in an in vitro wound assay. In experimental periodontitis, periodontal wound healing and osteoclastic activity were compared among natural wound healing, placebo, and gels containing M101 (1 and 2 g/L) groups through histomorphometry and TRAP (tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase activity assay) assay respectively. The expression of HIF‐1α, MMP‐9, and NFκB in periodontal tissues was also evaluated through immunofluorescence studies.ResultsM101 downregulated GLUT‐1, GLUT‐3, HIF‐1α, and MMP‐9 levels in EC exposed to CoCl2,P. gingivalis, and CoCl2+P. gingivalis(p < 0.05). Fluorescence and colorimetric analyses confirmed hypoxia reduction and antioxidant capacity improvement in such EC upon M101 treatment. Moreover, M101 improved significantly the in vitro wound closure. In vivo, the attachment level was significantly improved, and osteoclastic activity was reduced in mice treated with M101 gels compared to placebo and natural wound healing groups (p < 0.05). HIF‐1α, MMP‐9, and NFκB expression in periodontal tissues was reduced in M101 gels treated mice compared to the controls.ConclusionM101 showed promise in resolving hypoxia and associated inflammation‐mediated tissue degradation. Its potential in the clinical management of periodontitis must be further investigated.
Infection timing affects Fusarium poae colonization of bread wheat spikes and mycotoxin accumulation in the grain
Authors: Tini Francesco , Covarelli Lorenzo , Cowger Christina , Sulyok Michael , Benincasa Paolo , Beccari Giovanni 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFusarium poae is one of the most common Fusarium head blight (FHB) causal agents in wheat. This species can biosynthesize a wide range of mycotoxins, in particular nivalenol (NIV). In FHB epidemiology, infection timing is important for disease occurrence, kernel development, symptom appearance and mycotoxin accumulation in grain. The present study explored, both in a controlled environment and in a 2‐year field plot experiment in Central Italy, the influence of five infection timings (from beginning of flowering to medium milk growth stage) on F. poae colonization and mycotoxin accumulation in bread wheat spikes (spring cv. A416 and winter cv. Ambrogio).RESULTSBoth climate chamber and field experiments showed that early infection timings (from beginning of flowering to full flowering) especially favoured F. poae colonization and accumulation of its mycotoxins (particularly NIV) in grain. By contrast, later infection timings (watery ripe and medium milk) reduced F. poae development and mycotoxin levels. The time window of host susceptibility in the field was shorter than that observed under controlled conditions. Symptom expression in kernels also differed among infection timings. In general, F. poae biomass was higher in the chaff than in the grain.CONCLUSIONThese results enhance knowledge of a common member of the FHB complex worldwide, and could be useful in forecasting the risk of F. poae infection and mycotoxin contamination. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
High‐Frequency Ultrasonography Evaluation of Acne by Thickness and Power Doppler Vascular Analysis
Authors: Wu Xuanyin , Jiang Tian'an 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo assess acne vulgaris quantitatively using high‐frequency ultrasonography (HF‐USG) and power Doppler (PD), and investigate the feasibility and application value of HF‐USG and PD in acne vulgaris.MethodsA total of 105 patients with the diagnosis of acne vulgaris in the face referred by a dermatologist were studied prospectively. All the acne patients enrolled were clinically classified by two attending dermatologists independently using three degrees with four levels of classification evaluating only the severest lesion. Gray‐scale ultrasound was used to assess the thickness of the lesion, and the thickness ratio was calculated. PD equipped with Qpack semi‐quantitative analysis software was used to assess blood signals of the lesion, and Qpack ratio, Qpack peak were calculated. Ten level‐4 acne patients were re‐evaluated after 2 weeks' treatment, and the results were compared with those before treatment.ResultsA total of 105 patients were categorized into four groups by dermatologists, 23 cases were comedones, 33 were papules, 26 were pustules, and 23 were nodules/cysts. There were significant differences in thickness ratio (P < .001), Qpack ratio (P < .001), and Qpack peak (P < .001) among the four groups. For the 10 level‐4 acne patients treated 2 weeks by the dermatologist, the difference in thickness ratio between pre‐treatment and post‐treatment showed no significance (P = .06). However, Qpack ratio and Qpack peak were significantly decreased between pre‐treatment and post‐treatment (both P = .01).ConclusionsHF‐USG and PD equipped with semi‐quantitative analysis software can assess acne vulgaris quantitatively, which provides a good basis for the classification and treatment of acne. Their features include thickness ratio, Qpack ratio, and Qpack peak, with Qpack ratio and Qpack peak being the sensitive features for the early efficacy evaluation.
Candidacy for Cochlear implantation: Validating a novel Cochlear implant candidacy calculator against gold‐standard, in‐clinic audiometric assessments
Authors: So Raymond J. , Padova Dominic , Bowditch Stephen , Agrawal Yuri 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesCochlear implants (CI) are reliable implantable devices that are highly cost‐effective in reducing the burden of hearing loss at an individual and societal scale. However, only 10% of CI candidates are aware of their candidacy and receive a CI. A web‐based screening tool to assess CI candidacy may make many more individuals aware of their candidacy for cochlear implantation. The objective of this study was to validate and optimize the online Cochlear Implant Candidacy Calculator against in‐clinic audiometric testing.MethodsAudiogram data and word discrimination scores for 132 patients who underwent initial CI consultation at the Johns Hopkins Cochlear Implant Center in 2020 were inputted into the calculator. Candidacy results from the calculator were compared against formal clinical diagnoses provided by the audiologist at the time of visit. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Area Under the Curve (AUC) analyses were performed to identify optimal diagnostic thresholds.ResultsOf the resulting 132 patients, 54 presented with single‐sided deafness (SSD), and 114 were clinically determined to be CI candidates. ROC AUC analyses identified optimal thresholds of high‐frequency PTA ≥65 dB and word discrimination score ≤ 50%. To maximize sensitivity at the expense of specificity, diagnostic thresholds of high‐frequency PTA ≥ 65 dB and word discrimination score ≤ 70% were chosen, which yielded accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and ROC AUC of 0.90, 0.94, 0.82, and 0.88, respectively.ConclusionThe novel online CI Candidacy Calculator exhibits high sensitivity and accuracy, and moderate specificity. The calculator may thereby be useful in increasing awareness of potential CI candidacy, increasing prevalence of CIs, and decreasing the burden of hearing loss.
Optical waveguide‐based photon concentrator for hybrid photovoltaic cells
Authors: Iqbal Muddassir , Youqiao Ma , Ullah Sibghat , Min Lai , Zhao Delin , Maeda Hiroshi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSolar energy is pollution‐free with less impact on the ecosystem, but it has limitations due to its intermittent nature attributed to sun availability for specific hours, resulting in less energy conservation efficiency. Similar to the purpose of carvings on the leaves to collect water, we are presenting a nanometer‐thick layer of silicon or chalcogenide with fused silica for photons enhancement in red and the blue portion of the spectrum within the solar energy reaching the earth's surface. The design is based on nanorod imprints on micrometer‐sized conventional fused silica, ensuring better absorption and transportation toward hybrid photovoltaic cells. Hybrid solar cells (comprising silicon and perovskites) are typically termed the future of solar power, but will not be discussed here. Effective area, optical power concentration, and second‐ and higher‐order dispersions can further help design and develop the photon concentrators.
OAB supraspinal control network, transition with age, and effect of treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Bou Kheir George , Verbakel Irina , Hervé François , Bauters Wouter , Abou Karam Anthony , Holm‐Larsen Tove , Van Laecke Erik , Everaert Karel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveIn light of a better understanding of supraspinal control of nonneurogenic overactive bladder (OAB), the prevalence of which increases with age, functional imaging has gained significant momentum. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review on the transition of supraspinal control of OAB with age, the effect of therapeutic modalities, and a coordinate‐based meta‐analysis of all neuroimaging evidence on supraspinal OAB control in response to bladder filling.MethodologyWe performed a systematic literature search of all relevant libraries in November 2021. The coordinates of brain activity were extracted from eligible neuroimaging studies to perform an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 16 studies out of 241 were selected for our systematic review. Coordinates were extracted from five experiments involving 70 patients. ALE meta‐analysis showed activation of the insula, supplementary motor area, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and temporal gyrus with a transition of activation patterns with age, using a threshold of uncorrected p < 0.001. Among young patients, neuroplasticity allows the activation of accessory circuits to maintain continence, as in the cerebellum and temporoparietal lobes. Anticholinergics, pelvic floor muscle training, sacral neuromodulation, and hypnotherapy are correlated with supraspinal changes attributed to adaptability and possibly a substratum of an intrinsic supraspinal component. The latter is better demonstrated by a resting‐state functional connectivity analysis, a promising tool to phenotype OAB with recent successful models of predicting severity and response to behavioral treatments.ConclusionFuture neuroimaging studies are necessary to better define an OAB neurosignature to allocate patients to successful treatments.
Identification of elongation factor‐2 as a novel regulator of mitochondrial fission
Authors: Kim Jinhwan , Li Yanfeng , Cheng Yan , Ren Xingcong , Zhang Yi , Ji Cheng , Zhu Hua , Takahashi Yoshinori , Xiong Xingdong , Gu Lixiang , Ngule Chrispus , Xiong Xiaofang , Song Jianxun , Liu Xiaoqi , Yang Jin‐Ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMitochondria continuously undergo morphologically dynamic processes of fusion and fission to maintain their size, shape, amount, and function; yet the precise molecular mechanisms by which mitochondrial dynamics is regulated remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we report a previous unappreciated but critical role of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) in regulating mitochondrial fission. eEF2, a G‐protein superfamily member encoded by EEF2 gene in humans, has long been appreciated as a promoter of the GTP‐dependent translocation of the ribosome during protein synthesis. We found unexpectedly in several types of cells that eEF2 was not only present in the cytosol but also in the mitochondria. Furthermore, we showed that mitochondrial length was significantly increased when the cells were subjected to silencing of eEF2 expression, suggesting a promotive role for eEF2 in the mitochondrial fission. Inversely, overexpression of eEF2 decreased mitochondrial length, suggesting an increase of mitochondrial fission. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission caused by eEF2 depletion was accompanied by alterations of cellular metabolism, as evidenced by a reduction of oxygen consumption and an increase of oxidative stress in the mitochondria. We further demonstrated that eEF2 and Drp1, a key driver of mitochondrial fission, colocalized at the mitochondria, as evidenced by microscopic observation, coimmunoprecipitation, and GST pulldown assay. Deletion of the GTP‐binding motif of eEF2 decreased its association with Drp1 and abrogated its effect on mitochondria fission. Moreover, we showed that wild‐type eEF2 stimulated GTPase activity of Drp1, whereas deletion of the GTP‐binding site of eEF2 diminished its stimulatory effect on GTPase activity. This work not only reveals a previously unrecognized function of eEF2 (i.e., promoting mitochondrial fission), but also uncovers the interaction of eEF2 with Drp1 as a novel regulatory mechanism of the mitochondrial dynamics. Therefore, eEF2 warrants further exploration for its potential as a therapeutic target for the mitochondria‐related diseases.Key Points
We demonstrate that eEF‐2 localizes in the mitochondria, in addition to its presence in the cytosol.
This study identifies eEF‐2 as a novel regulator of mitochondrial fission.
This work uncovers the interaction of eEF‐2 with Drp1 and its effect on GTPase activity as a new mechanism that regulates mitochondrial dynamics.
Systematic literature review on entrepreneurial orientation in nonprofit organizations – Far more than business‐like behavior
Authors: Stock Dorothea Maria , Erpf Philipp 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in nonprofit organizations (NPOs) is often considered as another business‐like behavior, the present systematic literature review changes this perspective by revealing that the construct refers to several specific third sector organizations' qualities and leverages financial and mission goals simultaneously. EO as a strategic posture of organizations is already well established in management and strategy literature whereas corresponding insights in NPOs are indeed expanded, but fragmented. To develop this research stream, a systematic literature review was conducted, that analyses the results of 76 studies about EO in NPOs. Besides describing current findings, this paper generates a comprehensive overview of applied constructs, drivers influencing EO, and goals promoted by this strategic posture. The context‐specific modification of the construct leads to the presumption that EO does not predominantly target business‐like initiatives, but holds a lot of potential meeting NPO's core challenges, such as the fulfillment of various stakeholders' expectations or diverse resources acquisition. The discussion elaborates to what extent EO serves as a viable alternative to highly discussed third sector developments of business approximation.