bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between sleep quality and urolithiasis among general population in Western China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Sheng , Zhou Xianghong , Qiu Shi , Cai Boyu , Li Yifan , Zhang Chichen , Wang Kunjie , Yang Lu , Chen Lei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Growing number of studies have evidently shown that sleep disorders are associated with the recently increased risk of various diseases in general human population. However, the relationship between sleep quality and urolithiasis condition in humans is still unclear. The present study explored the relationship between quality of sleep and urolithiasis in Chinese population of population, western China and hence investigated the effects of sleep quality on urolithiasis disease.

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the West China Natural Population Cohort Study (WCNPCS). The data was collected between May 2019 and June 2021. This study evaluated the association between the sleep quality and urolithiasis. The sleep quality was assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) whereas urolithiasis, as the outcome was a binary variable. Multivariable logistic regression models that adjust the sociodemographic characteristics and health-related factors were used to assess the association between sleep quality and urolithiasis. Interaction was tested in prespecified subgroup of interest.

Results
After adjusting a series of confounding variables, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were found to have a significant positive correlation with the prevalence of urolithiasis (OR: 1.178; 95% CI = 1.083–1.282; p < 0.001). The risk of urolithiasis was significantly increased with an elevation of the component Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score in sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, and daytime dysfunction.

Conclusions
It was evident that there is an association between sleep quality and prevalence of renal stones in natural population in western China regions. Poor sleep quality is related to urolithiasis. The findings of the current study hence highlighted the need for future public health guidelines to develop detailed strategies for improving sleep quality.
The relationship between chest tube position in the thoracic cavity and treatment failure in patients with pleural infection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Taniguchi Jumpei , Nakashima Kei , Matsui Hiroki , Nagai Tatsuya , Otsuki Ayumu , Ito Hiroyuki , Sugimura Hiroshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Pleural infection is an infection of the pleural space that is usually treated with antibiotics and source control. Chest tube insertion is the most popular and widely used drainage technique. We typically attempt to place the tube at the bottom of the thoracic cavity to consider the effects of gravity; however, the effectiveness of this practice is not well-defined. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether the position of the tip of the thoracic tube affects treatment failure in patients with pleural infection.

Methods
In this retrospective observational study, patients with pleural infection who underwent thoracic tube insertion were divided into two groups: those with the tip of the tube positioned below the 10th thoracic vertebra at the level of the diaphragm (lower position group) and those with the tip placed above the 9th thoracic vertebra (upper position group). We compared whether the position of the tube tip affected treatment failure. Stabilized inverse probability treatment weights (SIPTW) were used to balance the baseline characteristics between the groups. Treatment failure showed a composite outcome of hospital death, referral to surgeons for surgery, and additional chest tube insertion.

Results
Among the 87 patients, 41 and 46 patients were in the lower and upper groups, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the composite outcomes between the groups (46.3% vs. 54.3%, P = 0.596). There was also no significant difference in the composite outcome between both groups after adjusting for SIPTW (52.3% vs. 68.8%, P = 0.286).

Conclusions
There were no significant differences in the treatment failure in this study addressing pleural infection treatment, in which the drain tip position was stratified by the 9th and 10th thoracic vertebrae. The position of the tip of the thoracic tube may not be important for pleural infection treatment providing that it is in the thoracic cavity.
Trial registration The participants were registered retrospectively.
Salvianolic acid A alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation by inhibiting complement activation
Authors: Zhang Qi-Yun , Guo Jing , Xu Lin , Wei Ying , Zhou Shu-Ting , Lu Qing-Yu , Guo Li , Sun Qian-Yun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a syndrome characterized by coagulopathy, microthrombus, and multiple organ failure. The complement system in DIC is overactivated, and the functions of complement and coagulation pathways are closely related. Our previous screening revealed that salvianolic acid A (SAA) has anti-complement activity. The hyper-activated complement system was involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced DIC in rats. The effects of SAA anti-complement action on LPS-induced DIC in rats were investigated.MethodsThe complement activity of the classical pathway and alternative pathway was detected through an in vitro hemolysis assay. The binding sites of SAA and complement C3b were predicted by molecular docking. LPS-induced disseminated coagulation experiments were performed on male Wistar rats to assess coagulation function, complement activity, inflammation, biochemistry, blood routine, fibrinolysis, and survival.ResultsSAA had an anti-complement activity in vivo and in vitro and inhibited the complement activation in the classical and alternative pathway of complement. The infusion of LPS into the rats impaired the coagulation function, increased the plasma inflammatory cytokine level, complemented activation, reduced the clotting factor levels, fibrinogen, and platelets, damaged renal, liver, and lung functions, and led to a high mortality rate (85%). SAA treatment of rats inhibited complement activation and attenuated the significant increase in D-dimer, interleukin-6, alanine aminotransferase, and creatinine. It ameliorated the decrease in plasma levels of fibrinogen and platelets and reversed the decline in activity of protein C and antithrombin III. The treatment reduced kidney, liver, and lung damage, and significantly improved the survival rate of rats (46.2 and 78.6% for the low- and high-dose groups, respectively).ConclusionSAA reduced LPS-induced DIC by inhibiting complement activation. It has considerable potential in DIC treatment.
Association of advanced paternal age with lung function at school age
Authors: Gau Chun-Chun , Lee Hsin-Ju , Lu Hung-Yi , Wu Chao-Yi , Huang Hsin-Yi , Tsai Hui-Ju , Yao Tsung-Chieh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Epidemiological studies suggest that advanced paternal age impact offspring health, but its impact on respiratory health is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of paternal age with lung function and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in children.

Methods
We analyzed data from 1330 single-born children (576 girls, 43.3%; mean age, 6.4 years), who participated in the Longitudinal Investigation of Global Health in Taiwanese Schoolchildren (LIGHTS) cohort and received measurements of lung function and FeNO at 6-year follow-up visits. Covariate-adjusted regression analyses were applied.

Results
Every 5-year increase in paternal age at birth was associated with 0.51% decrease in FEV1/FVC ratio (95% CI − 0.86 to − 0.15; p = 0.005) and 19.86 mL/s decrease in FEF75 (95% CI: − 34.07 to − 5.65; p = 0.006). Stratified analyses revealed that increasing paternal age at birth was associated with decreasing FEV1/FVC ratio and FEF75 only among children with prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) or not being breastfed. Sensitivity analyses using paternal age as a categorical variable found decreasing FEV1/FVC ratio and FEF75 in the groups of paternal age 35–39 and ≥ 40 years. There was no association of paternal age at birth with FeNO.

Conclusion
Our findings provide novel evidence linking advanced paternal age at birth with decreasing lung function in children at school age. Children with prenatal exposure to ETS or not being breastfed are more vulnerable to the adverse effect of advanced paternal age on childhood lung function. Further studies are warranted to confirm this novel adverse effect of advanced paternal age.
Comparison of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol particles for bronchial artery embolisation in primary lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Jae Hwan , Yoon Chang Jin , Jung Yun Su , Choi Won Seok , Lee Chong-ho , Lee Guy Mok 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Bronchial artery embolisation (BAE) is an effective treatment option to control haemoptysis in primary lung cancer. However, no studies have investigated optimal embolisation material for BAE in lung cancer patients. Thus, this study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of BAE performed using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles in primary lung cancer patients to determine which embolic material is better for patients with haemoptysis.

Methods
This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and consent was waived. The rates of hemostasis, complications, procedure time, dose–area product, and haemoptysis-free survival were retrospectively compared between primary lung cancer (non-small cell [n = 111] and small cell [n = 11]) patients who underwent BAE using NBCA (n = 58) or PVA particles (n = 64) between January 2004 and December 2019. Predictors of recurrent haemoptysis were analysed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.

Results
Among 122 patients (mean age, 66 ± 10 years; range 32–86 years; 103 men), more patients in the NBCA group (81.0%; 47 of 58) achieved complete hemostasis than did patients in the PVA group (53.1%; 34 of 64) (P = 0.002). No major complications were observed in either group. The procedure time (36.4 ± 21.6 vs. 56.3 ± 27.4 min, P < 0.001) was shorter, and the dose–area product (58.6 ± 64.0 vs. 233.5 ± 225.0 Gy*cm2, P < 0.001) was smaller in the NBCA group than in the PVA group. The median haemoptysis-free survival was 173.0 in the NBCA group compared with 20.0 days in the PVA group (P < 0.001). The PVA use (P < 0.001) and coagulopathy (P = 0.014) were independent predictors of shortened haemoptysis-free survival.

Conclusion
BAE using NBCA showed significantly superior initial hemostasis with longer haemoptysis-free survival, shorter procedure time, and reduced radiation dose than BAE using PVA particles. The PVA use and coagulopathy were independent predictors of recurrent haemoptysis.
Trial registration: Retrospectively registered
Cancer surgery during COVID increased the patient mortality and the transmission risk to healthcare workers: results from a retrospective cohort study (NCT05240378)
Authors: Soni Kishan , Neville J. F. , Purwar Roli , Kumar Tarun , Yadav Ghanshyam , Verma Nimisha , Pandey Manoj 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
India encountered two waves of COVID-19 pandemic with variability in its characteristics and severity. Concerns were raised over the safety of treatment, and higher morbidity was predicted for oncological surgery. The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the rate of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing curative surgery for cancer before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method
The prospectively obtained clinical data of 1576 patients treated between April 2019 and May 2021 was reviewed; of these, 959 patients were operated before COVID-19 and 617 during the pandemic. The data on complications, deaths, confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases, and COVID-19 infection among health workers (HCW) was extracted.

Results
A 35% fall in number of surgeries was seen during the COVID period; significant fall was seen in genital and esophageal cancer. There was no difference in postoperative complication; however, the postoperative mortality was significantly higher. A total of 71 patients had COVID-19, of which 62 were preoperative and 9 postoperative, while 30/38 healthcare workers contracted COVID-19, of which 7 had the infection twice and 3 were infected after two doses of vaccination; there was no mortality in healthcare workers.

Conclusion
The present study demonstrates higher mortality rates after surgery in cancer patients, with no significant change in morbidity rates. A substantial proportion of HCWs were also infected though there was no mortality among this group. The results suggest higher mortality in cancer patients despite following the guidelines and protocols.
Dose birthweight matter to quality of life? A comparison between Japan, the U.S., and India
Authors: Yamane Chisako , Tsutsui Yoshiro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Birthweight is a widely accepted indicator of infant health and has significant and lasting associations. Several studies have found that low and high birthweight have significant negative associations with adult health. A new study in the field of social sciences has established that birthweight has significant negative associations with not only adult health but also social attributes, such as income and occupation; however, no studies have evaluated the associations between birthweight and quality-of-life (QOL) attributes such as happiness.

Methods
In this study, we use data from Japan, the U.S., and India, collected in 2011, in which the respondents were asked about their own birthweights to examine the long-term associations between low and high birthweight and eight outcome variables related to the QOL: adolescent academic performance, height, education, marital status, body mass index, income, health, and happiness. We regressed each of the eight outcome variables on low and high birthweight and the interaction terms of the old age and the birthweight dummies for each country. We estimated both the reduced and the recursive-structural forms. While the former estimates the total, that is, the sum of direct and indirect associations between birthweight and each outcome, the latter reports the direct association between birthweight and each outcome.

Results
In Japan, while low birthweight is negatively associated with all outcomes, the associations of high birthweight were limited. In the U.S., low birthweight was not associated with any outcomes, but high birthweight had significantly negative associations with health and happiness. In contrast, in India, high birthweight was significantly and positively associated with income, health, and happiness, while low birthweight was associated with several outcomes negatively, similar to Japan. These associations were stronger in youth than in old age.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that the associations of birthweight with QOL are widely diversified across countries: low birthweight, rather than high birthweight, is a problem in Japan and India. However, the opposite is true for the U.S., indicating that policymakers in developed countries must pay closer attention to the problems caused by high birthweight, whereas those in developing countries are better to focus on low birthweight.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care physicians in Israel, with comparison to an international cohort: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Adler Limor , Vinker Shlomo , Heymann Anthony D. , Van Poel Esther , Willems Sara , Zacay Galia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on primary care and primary care physicians (PCPs) in Israel and around the world. There is paucity of information regarding treatment of patients with COVID-19 in the community, since most research was performed in hospitals. The aim of this study was to describe the Israeli PCPs’ experience.

Methods
This study is a part of an international cross-sectional study, the PRICOV-19. A translated version of the questionnaire was distributed among Israeli PCPs from December 2020 to July 2021. In this study, we describe the Israeli results and compare them to the international results.

Results
5,961 respondents from 29 countries answered the questionnaire, 94 from Israel, with an Israeli response rate of 16%. Israeli PCPs reported an increase in use of telemedicine from 11 to 49% during the COVID epidemic. PCPs also reported a decline in their wellbeing; absence of secured time slots for keeping updated; perception that the Ministry of Health guidelines were a threat to the staff wellbeing and organization of practice and delays in the examination of non-COVID urgent cases.

Conclusions
The findings of this study raise concerns regarding the PCPs experience and may form the basis for an improved process of care. Guidelines for proper usage of telemedicine, substitutes for the physical examination and procedures for minimizing delayed patient examination for urgent conditions should be developed. Government directives and clinical guidelines should be communicated in a timely manner, with secured timeslots for physicians’ self-learning or updating. Ensuring physicians’ well-being in general should be an organization priority.
Incorporating kernelized multi-omics data improves the accuracy of genomic prediction
Authors: Liang Mang , An Bingxing , Chang Tianpeng , Deng Tianyu , Du Lili , Li Keanning , Cao Sheng , Du Yueying , Xu Lingyang , Zhang Lupei , Gao Xue , Li Junya , Gao Huijiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Genomic selection (GS) has revolutionized animal and plant breeding after the first implementation via early selection before measuring phenotypes. Besides genome, transcriptome and metabolome information are increasingly considered new sources for GS. Difficulties in building the model with multi-omics data for GS and the limit of specimen availability have both delayed the progress of investigating multi-omics.

Results
We utilized the Cosine kernel to map genomic and transcriptomic data as $${n}\times {n}$$

n
×
n

symmetric matrix (G matrix and T matrix), combined with the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) for GS. Here, we defined five kernel-based prediction models: genomic BLUP (GBLUP), transcriptome-BLUP (TBLUP), multi-omics BLUP (MBLUP, $$\boldsymbol M=\mathrm{ratio}\times\boldsymbol G+(1-\mathrm{ratio})\times\boldsymbol T$$

M

=
ratio
×

G

+
(
1
-
ratio
)
×

T

), multi-omics single-step BLUP (mssBLUP), and weighted multi-omics single-step BLUP (wmssBLUP) to integrate transcribed individuals and genotyped resource population. The predictive accuracy evaluations in four traits of the Chinese Simmental beef cattle population showed that (1) MBLUP was far preferred to GBLUP (ratio = 1.0), (2) the prediction accuracy of wmssBLUP and mssBLUP had 4.18% and 3.37% average improvement over GBLUP, (3) We also found the accuracy of wmssBLUP increased with the growing proportion of transcribed cattle in the whole resource population.

Conclusions
We concluded that the inclusion of transcriptome data in GS had the potential to improve accuracy. Moreover, wmssBLUP is accepted to be a promising alternative for the present situation in which plenty of individuals are genotyped when fewer are transcribed.
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Elevated PTH Levels Among the US General Population
Authors: Kato Hajime , Hoshino Yoshitomo , Hidaka Naoko , Ito Nobuaki , Makita Noriko , Nangaku Masaomi , Inoue Kosuke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Although elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are associated with higher mortality risks, the evidence is limited as to when PTH is expected to be elevated and thus should be measured among the general population.

Objective
This work aimed to build a machine learning–based prediction model of elevated PTH levels based on demographic, lifestyle, and biochemical data among US adults.

Methods
This population-based study included adults aged 20 years or older with a measurement of serum intact PTH from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003 to 2006. We used the NHANES 2003 to 2004 cohort (n = 4096) to train 6 machine-learning prediction models (logistic regression with and without splines, lasso regression, random forest, gradient-boosting machines [GBMs], and SuperLearner). Then, we used the NHANES 2005 to 2006 cohort (n = 4112) to evaluate the model performance including area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results
Of 8208 US adults, 753 (9.2%) showed PTH greater than 74 pg/mL. Across 6 algorithms, the highest AUC was observed among random forest (AUC [95% CI] = 0.79 [0.76-0.81]), GBM (AUC [95% CI] = 0.78 [0.75-0.81]), and SuperLearner (AUC [95% CI] = 0.79 [0.76-0.81]). The AUC improved from 0.69 to 0.77 when we added cubic splines for the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the logistic regression models. Logistic regression models with splines showed the best calibration performance (calibration slope [95% CI] = 0.96 [0.86-1.06]), while other algorithms were less calibrated. Among all covariates included, eGFR was the most important predictor of the random forest model and GBM.

Conclusion
In this nationally representative data in the United States, we developed a prediction model that potentially helps us to make accurate and early detection of elevated PTH in general clinical practice. Future studies are warranted to assess whether this prediction tool for elevated PTH would improve adverse health outcomes.
Biopsychosocial factors associated with depression in the elderly: A systematic literature review
Authors: Harjono Hadiwiardjo Yanti , Damayanti Rita 
Published: September 2022

Background: One of the most common mental illnesses worldwide and that has significant negative effects on well-being and physical health, is depression. Many factors that affect the occurrence of depression are biopsychosocial. Elderly people have high risk factors for depression. This study aims to review and find a gap in current evidence of biopsychosocial factors affecting depression in the elderly. Methods: We conducted an advanced search on PubMed database between October and November 2021. We screened the bibliographies of the articles from the database search using a set of inclusion criteria: studies with quantitative design; elderly population sample; exploration of at least one biopsychosocial factor; depression as the outcome or dependent variable; written in English; and published between 2011 and 2021. Results: We found 54 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Of these, five papers discussed biopsychosocial factors, 18 discussed biological and psychological/social factors, five discussed psychosocial factors, and the rest of the studies discussed one component of biopsychosocial factors. Biological factors influencing elderly depression include being female, having health problems or low health status, older age, genetics, brain structure, and biomarkers, taking certain drugs, and lack of or inability to carry out daily activities. Psychosocial factors include lack of social support, low education level, financial problems, single/unmarried, lack of contact with family/friends, living alone, low self-perceived health, stressful life events, loneliness, and losing hobbies. From the literature search, it was also found that there are biopsychosocial factors that have not been studied and are expected to be able to make references for future research. From this literature review, we found gaps in the availability of evidence about biopsychosocial factors that require further research. Conclusions: Knowing the biopsychosocial factors that affect them can help to prevent depression in the elderly.