bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Selectivity of Neuromelanin Changes in the Substantia Nigra in Atypical Parkinsonism
Authors: Chougar Lydia , Arsovic Emina , Gaurav Rahul , Biondetti Emma , Faucher Alice , Valabrègue Romain , Pyatigorskaya Nadya , Dupont Gwendoline , Lejeune François‐Xavier , Cormier Florence , Corvol Jean‐Christophe , Vidailhet Marie , Degos Bertrand , Grabli David , Lehéricy Stéphane 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in parkinsonian syndromes may affect the nigral territories differently.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the regional selectivity of neurodegenerative changes in the SNc in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism using neuromelanin‐sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsA total of 22 healthy controls (HC), 38 patients with PD, 22 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 20 patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA, 13 with the parkinsonian variant, 7 with the cerebellar variant), 7 patients with dementia with Lewy body (DLB), and 4 patients with corticobasal syndrome were analyzed. volume and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) values of the SNc were derived from neuromelanin‐sensitive MRI in the whole SNc. Analysis of signal changes was performed in the sensorimotor, associative, and limbic territories of the SNc.ResultsSNc volume and corrected volume were significantly reduced in PD, PSP, and MSA versus HC. Patients with PSP had lower volume, corrected volume, SNR, and contrast‐to‐noise ratio than HC and patients with PD and MSA. Patients with PSP had greater SNR reduction in the associative region than HC and patients with PD and MSA. Patients with PD had reduced SNR in the sensorimotor territory, unlike patients with PSP. Patients with MSA did not differ from patients with PD.ConclusionsThis study provides the first MRI comparison of the topography of neuromelanin changes in parkinsonism. The spatial pattern of changes differed between PSP and synucleinopathies. These nigral topographical differences are consistent with the topography of the extranigral involvement in parkinsonian syndromes. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Scattering enhanced photoacoustic gas sensor based on acetate membrane
Authors: Gong Zhenfeng , Li Haie , Wu Guojie , Ma Junsheng , Chen Ke , Ma Fengxiang , Mei Liang , Peng Wei , Yu Qingxu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a scattering enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (SEPAS) technique is introduced for trace gas detection. An acetate membrane is mounted at the inner wall of a miniaturized photoacoustic (PA) cell to improve the light‐gas interaction path. It has been found out from theoretical simulations that the light rays in the PA cell with the acetate material are obviously denser, leading to a large enhancement of the PA signal. A SEPAS system, mainly consisting of a PA sensor, a near‐infrared distributed feedback laser source, and a high‐speed demodulator has been developed for CH4 detection. The experimental results have successfully proved that the SEPAS technique based on the porous acetate material can achieve at least three times enhancement on the PA signal, compared with the PA cell without the acetate membrane. The minimum detection limit is calculated to be 57.5 parts per billion with an averaging time of 100 s.
An optimized ChIP‐Seq framework for profiling histone modifications in Chromochloris zofingiensis
Authors: Strenkert Daniela , Mingay Matthew , Schmollinger Stefan , Chen Cindy , O'Malley Ronan C. , Merchant Sabeeha S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe eukaryotic green alga Chromochloris zofingiensis is a reference organism for studying carbon partitioning and a promising candidate for the production of biofuel precursors. Recent transcriptome profiling transformed our understanding of its biology and generally algal biology, but epigenetic regulation remains understudied and represents a fundamental gap in our understanding of algal gene expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP‐Seq) is a powerful tool for the discovery of such mechanisms, by identifying genome‐wide histone modification patterns and transcription factor‐binding sites alike. Here, we established a ChIP‐Seq framework for Chr. zofingiensis yielding over 20 million high‐quality reads per sample. The most critical steps in a ChIP experiment were optimized, including DNA shearing to obtain an average DNA fragment size of 250 bp and assessment of the recommended formaldehyde concentration for optimal DNA–protein cross‐linking. We used this ChIP‐Seq framework to generate a genome‐wide map of the H3K4me3 distribution pattern and to integrate these data with matching RNA‐Seq data. In line with observations from other organisms, H3K4me3 marks predominantly transcription start sites of genes. Our H3K4me3 ChIP‐Seq data will pave the way for improved genome structural annotation in the emerging reference alga Chr. zofingiensis.
Periodic zero‐dynamics attacks for discrete‐time second‐order multi‐agent systems
Authors: Wang Yijing , Gao Jinming , Zuo Zhiqiang , Han Qiaoni , Zhang Wentao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article studies the zero‐dynamics attacks (ZDAs) issue for discrete‐time second‐order multi‐agent systems (MASs) in a directed interacting setting. It is shown that the consensus among interacting agents fails if the considered system is attacked by infinite number of ZDAs. As for the scenario of finite number of periodic ZDAs, the consensus value, specified by the weight of the initial conditions, can only be destroyed whenever the rooted agents are attacked, apart from the attack signal satisfying certain constraints. Based on this observation, we further give conditions upon which the consensus of MASs subject to finite number of ZDAs cannot be achieved. Finally, simulation examples associated with power networks are presented to support the devised setup.
A Concise Synthesis of Triazole Analogues of Lavendustin A via Click Chemistry Approach and Preliminary Evaluation of Their Antiparasitic Activity Against Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: de Carvalho Leandro Lara , Bittencourt Pena Raynná , Correia Romeiro Nelilma , Nepomuceno‐Silva José Luciano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLavendustin A is a natural product isolated from the actinobacteria Streptomyces griseolavendus that presents a potent inhibitory activity on the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Protein Tyrosine Kinase (EGFR PTK). In addition, some of its analogues have also shown potent inhibitory activity against the polymerization of tubulin to microtubules, a pivotal process for the cell mitosis. From strategic structural modifications, two useful unprecedented alkynes bearing lavendustin A pharmacophoric subunit were rapidly accessed. Next, a set of novel triazole analogues of lavendustin A were synthesized in good yields employing CuI‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloadditions (CuAAC) under mild conditions. Furthermore, preliminary evaluation of their biological activity against the epimastigote stage of Trypanosoma cruzi points towards promising trypanocidal properties.
Meso‐Monoaryl‐Substituted Neo‐confused Calixsmaragdyrins and Meso‐monoaryl Substituted Smaragdyrins: Synthesis, Structures and Properties
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Wen Bin , Rao Yutao , Xu Ling , Osuka Atsuhiro , Song Jianxin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile SNAr reaction of 3,5‐dibromo‐8‐mesityl BODIPY 1 with a 5,10‐diaryltripyrrane with Cs2CO3 was reported to provide 5,10,19‐triaryl[22]smaragdyrin as the first synthetic method of all‐aza smaragdyrin, the reaction of 1 with meso‐free tripyrrane 6 took a different course to give a doubly Neo‐confused calixsmaragdyrin 7. On the other hand, the SNAr reaction of 2,3,5,6‐tetrabromo‐8‐mesityl BODIPY 9 with 6 provided 16,22‐dibromo‐19‐mesitylsmaragdyrin BF2 complex 10. In addition, calixsmaragdyirn 7 has been shown to serve as a ligand for RhI and BIII metals, and oxidation of 10 with MnO2 gave meso‐oxidized smaragdyrin 11 that was shown to be weakly antiaromatic.
Labelling fish diets with 15N ‐Leucine for monitoring feed consumption and bio‐distribution in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Cortés‐Quezada Mirta , Parada Ana María , Videla Ximena , Valdés Juan Antonio , Gonzalez‐Catrilelbún Sebastián , Aspée Alexis , Nario Adriana , Rivas‐Aravena Andrea 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFeeding represents 50–70% of the cost of production in salmon farming, higher than any other animal farm. The improvement of this percentage is challenging as the food is thrown into the fish tank, there is no quantification of the amount of food that is consumed by the fish. In consequence, it is difficult to adjust the food composition making it more nutritive or promoting food consumption by fish. In this study, to investigate food consumption, bio‐distribution and food residues, leucine containing 15N (a stable isotope of nitrogen) was used to label the fish food. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) weighing 100–120 g were maintained in 30 L tanks at a density of 14 kg/m3. Fishes were fed daily at 1% of the fish weight with pellet labelled with 15N‐leucine. The 15N incorporation was determined 14 hours after the feeding in all the fish organs. Results showed that 14 hours after the administration of a single dose of labelled food to Atlantic salmon enables the detection of the tracer in the whole organism allowing determining the food consumption. Through the analysis of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), we showed that the trunk, pyloric caeca and head incorporate the highest level of the marker (72.7, 8.7 and 5.7%, respectively). This methodology would permit monitoring feeding to minimize food loss, improve administration methodologies or select the preferred foods for the fish, among others to reduce production costs.
Synthesis of Compact Strategies for Coordination Programs
Authors: Namjoshi Kedar S. , Patel Nisarg 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn multi-agent settings, such as IoT and robotics, it is necessary to coordinate the actions of independent agents in order to achieve a joint behavior. While it is often easy to specify the desired joint behavior, programming the necessary coordination can be difficult. In this work, we develop theory and methods to synthesize coordination strategies that are guaranteed not to initiate unnecessary actions. We refer to such strategies as being “compact.” We formalize the intuitive notion of compactness; show that existing methods do not guarantee compactness; and propose a solution. The solution transforms a given temporal logic specification, using automata-theoretic constructions, to incorporate a notion of minimality. The central result is that the winning strategies for the transformed specification are precisely the compact strategies for the original. One can therefore apply known synthesis methods to produce compact strategies. We report on prototype implementations that synthesize compact strategies for temporal logic specifications and for specifications of multi-robot coordination.
Primordial gravitational waves from excited states
Authors: Fumagalli Jacopo , Palma Gonzalo A. , Renaux-Petel Sébastien , Sypsas Spyros , Witkowski Lukas T. , Zenteno Cristobal 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe show that a scalar excited state with large occupation numbers during inflation leads to an enhancement of tensor modes and a characteristic pattern of order-one oscillations in the associated stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) sourced during inflation. An effective excited state, i.e. a departure from the Bunch-Davies vacuum, can emerge dynamically as the result of a transient non-adiabatic evolution, e.g. a sharp feature along the inflationary history. We provide an explicit example in a multifield context where the sharp feature triggering the excited state is identified with a strong turn in the inflationary trajectory.En passant, we derive a universal expression for the tensor power spectrum sourced at second order by an arbitrary number of scalar degrees of freedom during inflation, crucially taking into account the nontrivial structure of the Hilbert space in multifield setups. The SGWB sourced during inflation can overcome the standard scalar-induced SGWB sourced at horizon re-entry of the fluctuations after inflation, while being less constrained by perturbativity and backreaction bounds. In addition, one may entertain the possibility of detecting both since they peak at different frequencies exhibiting oscillations with distinct periods.
Effectiveness of kinesiology taping on the functions of upper limbs in patients with stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized trial
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Li Xiguang , Sun Cuiyun , Xu Rong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Kinesiology tape (KT), a water-resistant and elastic tape which is well known measure for preventing musculoskeletal injuries, has recently gained popularity in neurological rehabilitation. This is a systematic and meta-analysis study, useful both to evaluate the efficacy of kinesiology taping on the functions of upper limbs in patients with stroke and to collect the main outcomes evaluated in the analyzed studies.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search of electronic databases including Medline, Web of science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), WANFANG, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Additional articles were obtained by scanning reference lists of included studies and previous reviews. Keywords were “kinesiology taping,” “kinesio,” “kinesio taping,” “tape” and “stroke,” “hemiplegia,” “hemiplegic paralysis,” “apoplexy,” “hemiparesis,” “upper extremity,” “upper limb.” All the RCTs were included. Quality assessment was performed using Cochrane criteria. Upper extremity function and pain intensity was pooled as the primary outcome, and shoulder subluxation, muscle spasticity, general disability, PROM of abduction, and adverse effects as secondary outcomes.

Results
Twelve articles were included. Pooled data provided evidence that there was significance between kinesiology taping groups and control groups in pain intensity (standardized mean difference − 0.79, 95% CI − 1.39 to − 0.19), shoulder subluxation (standardized mean difference − 0.50, 95%CI − 0.80 to − 0.20), general disability (standardized mean difference 0.35, 95%CI 0.10 to 0.59), upper extremity function (standardized mean difference 0.61, 95%CI 0.18 to 1.04), and the PROM of flexion (standardized mean difference 0.63, 95%CI 0.28 to 0.98).

Conclusion
Current evidence suggested that kinesiology taping could be recommended to improve upper limb function in patients with stroke in pain intensity, shoulder subluxation, general disability, upper extremity function, and the PROM of flexion.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval requirements are not necessary for this review. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be disseminated online and on paper to help guide the clinical practice better.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42020179762.
Health state utilities for beta-thalassemia: a time trade-off study
Authors: Martin Antony P. , Ferri Grazzi Enrico , Mighiu Claudia , Chevli Manoj , Shah Farrukh , Maher Louise , Shaikh Anum , Sagar Aliah , Hubberstey Hayley , Franks Bethany , Ramos-Goñi Juan M. , Oppe Mark , Tang Derek 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Beta-thalassemia (BT) is an inherited blood disorder characterized by reduced levels of functional hemoglobin resulting in phenotypes ranging from clinically asymptomatic to severely anemic. Patients with BT may require lifelong regular blood transfusions supported by appropriate iron chelation therapy (ICT). This study aimed to determine how the UK general population values BT health states associated with differing transfusion burden and ICT.

Methods
Composite time trade-off (cTTO) methodology was employed to elicit health state utilities in BT. Relevant BT literature related to symptom and quality-of-life impact, including physical, functional, and emotional well-being, and safety profiles of BT treatments were considered when drafting health state descriptions. Eleven health state descriptions were developed and validated by hematologists and patient advocates for clinical accuracy and completeness. 200 individuals from the UK general population participated in the cTTO interviews.

Results
The mean age of participants was 41.50 years (SD 16.01, range 18–81); 88 (46.8%) were female. Utility values ranged from 0.78 (SD 0.34) for non-transfusion dependent BT with oral ICT to 0.37 (SD 0.50) for high transfusion burden with subcutaneous ICT in transfusion-dependent BT.

Conclusions
This study provides health utilities for a range of BT health states from the UK general population perspective. Importantly, lower transfusion burden and lower burden of anemia were associated with higher utilities. To a lesser extent, differential modes of ICT were found to impact utility valuations in patients with BT. The utilities obtained in this study can be employed as inputs in cost-effectiveness analyses of BT therapies.
Body Gaze as a Marker of Sexual Objectification: A New Scale for Pervasive Gaze and Gaze Provocation Behaviors in Heterosexual Women and Men
Authors: Hollett Ross C. , Rogers Shane L. , Florido Prudence , Mosdell Belinda 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBody gaze behavior is assumed to be a key feature of sexual objectification. However, there are few self-report gaze measures available and none capturing behavior which seeks to invite body gaze from others. Across two studies, we used existing self-report instruments and measurement of eye movements to validate a new self-report scale to measure pervasive body gaze behavior and body gaze provocation behavior in heterosexual women and men. In Study 1, participants (N = 1021) completed a survey with newly created items related to pervasive body gaze and body gaze provocation behavior. Participants also completed preexisting measures of body attitudes, sexual assault attitudes, pornography use, and relationship status. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses across independent samples suggested a 12-item scale for men and women to separately measure pervasive body gaze (5 items) and body gaze provocation (7 items) toward the opposite sex. The two scales yielded excellent internal consistency estimates (.86–.89) and promising convergent validity via positive correlations with body and sexual attitudes. In Study 2, a subsample (N = 167) of participants from Study 1 completed an eye-tracking task to capture their gaze behavior toward matched images of partially and fully dressed female and male subjects. Men exhibited body-biased gaze behavior toward all the female imagery, whereas women exhibited head-biased gaze behavior toward fully clothed male imagery. Importantly, self-reported body gaze correlated positively with some aspects of objectively measured body gaze behavior. Both scales showed good test–retest reliability and were positively correlated with sexual assault attitudes.
The use of mobile phones and the heterogeneity of banana farmers in Rwanda
Authors: Kabirigi Michel , Sekabira Haruna , Sun Zhanli , Hermans Frans 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInformation and communications technologies (ICTs) play a key role in improving agricultural production, enhancing socio-ecological resilience, and mitigating rural poverty. However, the use of ICTs for agricultural development among smallholder farmers, especially in the least developed countries, still lags behind. It is therefore critical to understand distinct attitudes among heterogeneous smallholder farmers that determine use of ICTs, such as mobile phones. Moreover, data-driven empirical studies on the use of mobile phones in smallholder settings are still scarce. We bridge this knowledge gap by evaluating the link between the use of mobile phones and various farming types of smallholder farmers in Rwanda. Using the principal component and cluster analysis, we analyzed 690 banana farming households across eight of the 10 major agro-ecological zones of Rwanda and developed a typology of banana farms. We identified three distinct farm types based on a combination of various farmer characteristics and farm operations and endowments, namely the beer banana, livestock-based, and the cooking banana farm types. These farm types clearly differ in terms of ownership and use of both basic and smart mobile devices. Farmers in the cooking banana farm type are far more likely to own and use smart mobile phones than in other types. Regression results further indicated that farm type, gender, and education have significant correlations with the perceived usefulness of mobile phones in agriculture. Major barriers to using ICT-based agricultural services were 1) low awareness of the existence of ICT services, 2) limited availability of ICT services, 3) lack of technical know-how, 4) relatively high prices of ICT devices, and 5) low levels of ICT literacy. This empirical study provides strategically important insights for the transition to digital agriculture in the context of smallholder farming systems.
Digital ethnography in higher education teaching and learning—a methodological review
Authors: Jensen Lasse X , Bearman Margaret , Boud David , Konradsen Flemming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo understand how the digitalization of higher education influences the inter-relationship between students, teachers, and their broader contexts, research must account for the social, cultural, political, and embodied aspects of teaching and learning in digital environments.Digital ethnographyis a research method that can generate rich contextual knowledge of online experiences. However, how this methodology translates to higher education is less clear. In order to explore the opportunities that digital ethnography can provide in higher education research, this paper presents a methodological review of previous research, and discusses the implications for future practice. Through a systematic search of five research databases, we found 20 papers that report using digital ethnographies to explore teaching and learning in higher education. The review synthesizes and discusses how data collection, rigour, and ethics are handled in this body of research, with a focus on the specific methodological challenges that emerge when doing digital ethnographic research in a higher education setting. The review also identifies opportunities for improvement—especially related to participant observation from the student perspective, researcher reflexivity in relation to the dual teacher-researcher role, and increased diversity of data types. This leads us to conclude that higher education research, tasked with understanding an explosion of new digital practices, could benefit from a more rigorous and expanded use of digital ethnography.