bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OGC P29 Influence of COVID-19 lockdown and socioeconomic deprivation on the outcomes of gastric cancer - A National study
Authors: Khan Khurram , Baxter Mark , Gall Lewis , Samuelson Catherine , Narramneni Lakshmi , Al-Zuabi Manaf , Bryce Gavin , Shareef Hala , Petty Russell , Forshaw Matthew 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
COVID-19 has significantly disrupted cancer care. This has impacted on staging, management and survival of gastric cancer as health services worldwide had to adapt. Responding to the pandemic, the UK government declared a national lockdown on 23 March 2020. Our aim was to determine the impact of COVID-19 and socio-economic deprivation on patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancers.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study. Consecutive new patients presenting in NHS Scotland to five regional OG cancer MDTs covering 93.2% of the Scottish population between October 2019 and September 2020 were identified. Gastric cancers were included and electronic health records were reviewed. Patient's residential address was used to calculate Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD). Patients were divided into two groups: most deprived (SIMD 1–5) and least deprived (SIMD 6–10) and results compared. The study period was divided into pre- and post-lockdown, based on the first UK national lockdown of 23 March 2020.

Results
269 patients were diagnosed with gastric cancer; 4 (1.5%) were excluded due to unrecognised postcode. 173 (65.3%) were male and the median age was 73 years (range 29–94). 143 (54.0%) were in most deprived and 122 (46.0%) were in least deprived group.
Deprivation and lockdown: Age, sex, ECOG performance status and route of referral were not significantly different. No clinically meaningful difference in median time to gastroscopy was observed (16.5 vs 17 days). Stage 4 cancer were more commonly observed in most deprived group (60.8% vs 52.1%).
In whole cohort, the palliative care intent was higher post-lockdown (70% vs 83.2%, p=0.033). Palliative intent treatment increased in the most deprived group from 74.3% to 81.2% and in least deprived from 65.2% to 85.7% (p=0.092).
The median survival for the whole cohort decreased post-lockdown (9.0 vs 6.9 months, p=0.14), but did not reach statistical significance. The medial survival did not change for the most deprived group (7.6 vs 7.1 months, p=0.840), however it decreased significantly for the least deprived group post-lockdown (11 vs 6.7 months, p=0.014).
A test of heterogeneity between lockdown period and SIMD group supported the suggestion that the least deprived cohort did worse post-lockdown (HR 1.72, p=0.055).

Conclusions
This national study highlights that the least deprived patients had survival advantage pre-lockdown, which has been completely lost post COVID-19 national lockdown. This disproportional impact on the least deprived patients could be because early cancers were not diagnosed in the least deprived population.
OGC P46 Positive Circumferential margins are associated with poorer survival following surgery in gastro-oesophageal junctional cancers
Authors: Almonib Ahmed , Tan Benjamin , Siddaiah-Subramanya Manjunath , Ghoneim Abdulrahamn 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Adenocarcinoma of the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) remains a significant clinical problem that is increasing in incidence and is associated with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of the resection margins on survival and recurrence.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at our hospital from March 2001 till December 2022. All the patients that had oesophagectomy for gastro-oesophageal junctional (GOJ) adenocarcinoma were included in this study. Demography, staging, margins, type of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and survival data were collected.

Results
Over the study, 174 patients had Gastro-oesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma.
42 of the patients had circumferential margins positive and 132 had negative circumferential margins.
The median for survival is 18 months in circumferential margins positive and 31 months for the circumferential negative patients with a P value of &lt;0.001
There were no patients with longitudinal margins positive enough to calculate any statical analysis
The median of recurrence is 13.4 months for the circumferential margins positive and 26.8 months for the circumferential margins negative patients with a P value on 0.003

Conclusions
The presence of any circumferential margin tumour will significantly affect the survival rate and recurrence rate.
Media Coverage of Child Welfare Social Workers and its Effect on Professional Self-Esteem: The Moderating Role of Family and Social Support
Authors: Levin Keini Noga , Ben Shlomo Shirley , Shoval Revital , Ramon Dan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Negative coverage in the media of social workers employed in the field of child welfare frequently appears in the wake of tragedies within families. Though social workers cannot always prevent incidents of this kind, the media, and consequently the public, blame them for dereliction of duty, an attitude that can affect their professional self-esteem. The present research poses the question of how negative versus positive media coverage of social workers in the field of child welfare affects their professional self-esteem, and whether family and social support can moderate such an outcome. In order to examine this question, a controlled empirical study was carried out with ninety-nine social workers. The participants were divided randomly into three groups, each exposed to media coverage of a different nature: positive, negative and neutral. They were then asked to complete a professional self-esteem questionnaire. The results point to a significant relationship between education, professional seniority, family and social support and professional self-esteem. Thus it was found that family and social support moderated the effects of negative media coverage on professional self-esteem. The implications of the findings for the professional practice of social workers are discussed.
The PSEN1 E280G mutation leads to increased amyloid-β43 production in induced pluripotent stem cell neurons and deposition in brain tissue
Authors: Willumsen Nanet , Arber Charles , Lovejoy Christopher , Toombs Jamie , Alatza Argyro , Weston Philip S J , Chávez-Gutiérrez Lucia , Hardy John , Zetterberg Henrik , Fox Nick C , Ryan Natalie S , Lashley Tammaryn , Wray Selina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Mutations in the presenilin 1 gene, PSEN1, which cause familial Alzheimer’s disease alter the processing of amyloid precursor protein, leading to the generation of various amyloid-β peptide species. These species differ in their potential for aggregation. Mutation-specific amyloid-β peptide profiles may thereby influence pathogenicity and clinical heterogeneity. There is particular interest in comparing mutations with typical and atypical clinical presentations, such as E280G. We generated PSEN1 E280G mutation induced pluripotent stem cells from two patients and differentiated them into cortical neurons, along with previously reported PSEN1 M146I, PSEN1 R278I and two control lines. We assessed both the amyloid-β peptide profiles and presenilin 1 protein maturity. We also compared amyloid-β peptide profiles in human post-mortem brain tissue from cases with matched mutations. Amyloid-β ratios significantly differed compared with controls and between different patients, implicating mutation-specific alterations in amyloid-β ratios. Amyloid-β42:40 was increased in the M146I and both E280G lines compared with controls. Amyloid-β42:40 was not increased in the R278I line compared with controls. The amyloid-β43:40 ratio was increased in R278I and both E280G lines compared with controls, but not in M146I cells. Distinct amyloid-β peptide patterns were also observed in human brain tissue from individuals with these mutations, showing some similar patterns to cell line observations. Reduced presenilin 1 maturation was observed in neurons with the PSEN1 R278I and E280G mutations, but not the M146I mutation. These results suggest that mutation location can differentially alter the presenilin 1 protein and affect its autoendoproteolysis and processivity, contributing to the pathological phenotype. Investigating differences in underlying molecular mechanisms of familial Alzheimer’s disease may inform our understanding of clinical heterogeneity.
Comparison of Levels of Nasal, Salivary, and Plasma Antibody to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 During Natural Infection and After Vaccination
Authors: Cohen Jeffrey I , Dropulic Lesia , Wang Kening , Gangler Krista , Morgan Kayla , Liepshutz Kelly , Krogmann Tammy , Ali Mir A , Qin Jing , Wang Jing , Vogel Joshua S , Lei Yona , Suzuki-Williams Lui P , Spalding Chris , Palmore Tara N , Burbelo Peter D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Most studies of immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) measure antibody or cellular responses in blood; however, the virus infects mucosal surfaces in the nose and conjunctivae and infectious virus is rarely if ever present in the blood.

Methods
We used luciferase immunoprecipitation assays to measure SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in the plasma, nose, and saliva of infected persons and vaccine recipients. These assays measure antibody that can precipitate the SAR-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins.

Results
Levels of plasma anti-spike antibody declined less rapidly than levels of anti-nucleocapsid antibody in infected persons. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike antibody levels in the nose declined more rapidly than antibody levels in the blood after vaccination of infected persons. Vaccination of previously infected persons boosted anti-spike antibody in plasma more than in the nose or saliva. Nasal and saliva anti-spike antibody levels were significantly correlated with plasma antibody in infected persons who had not been vaccinated and after vaccination of uninfected persons.

Conclusions
Persistently elevated SARS-CoV-2 antibody in plasma may not indicate persistence of antibody at mucosal sites such as the nose. The strong correlation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody in the nose and saliva with that in the blood suggests that mucosal antibodies are derived primarily from transudation from the blood rather than local production. While SARS-CoV-2 vaccine given peripherally boosted mucosal immune responses in infected persons, the increase in antibody titers was higher in plasma than at mucosal sites. Taken together, these observations indicate the need for development of mucosal vaccines to induce potent immune responses at sites where SARS-CoV-2 infection occurs.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT01306084.
Crohn-like Disease Affecting Small Bowel Due to Monogenic SLCO2A1 Mutations: First Cases of Chronic Enteropathy Associated with SLCO2A1 Gene [CEAS] in France
Authors: Hamon Annick , Cazals-Hatem Dominique , Stefanescu Carmen , Uzzan Mathieu , Treton Xavier , Sauvanet Alain , Panis Yves , Monsinjon Marie , Bonvalet Fanny , Corcos Olivier , Azouguene Emilie , Cerf-Bensussan Nadine , Bouhnik Yoram , Charbit-Henrion Fabienne 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Multiple chronic ulcers of small intestine are mainly ascribed to Crohn’s disease. Among possible differential diagnoses are chronic ulcers of small bowel caused by abnormal activation of the prostaglandin pathway either in the archetypal but uncommon non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID]-induced enteropathy, or in rare monogenic disorders due to PLA2G4A and SLCO2A1 mutations. SLCO2A1 variants are responsible for CEAS [chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1], a syndrome which was exclusively reported in patients of Asian origin. Herein, we report the case of two French female siblings, P1 and P2, with CEAS.

Case report
P1 underwent iterative bowel resections [removing 1 m of small bowel in total] for recurrent strictures and perforations. Her sister P2 had a tight duodenal stricture which required partial duodenectomy. Next-generation sequencing was performed on P1’s DNA and identified two compound heterozygous variants in exon 12 in SLCO2A1, which were also present in P2.

Conclusion
CEAS can be detected within the European population and raises the question of its incidence and recognition outside Asia. Presence of intractable recurrent ulcerations of the small intestine, mimicking Crohn’s disease with concentric strictures, should motivate a genetic search for SLCO2A1 mutations, particularly in the context of family history or consanguinity.
Longitudinal morphological changes of the aorta and the endograft position before and after distal stent graft-induced new entry in aortic dissections
Authors: Andic Mateja , Mustafi Migdat , Bonorden Constantin , Grözinger Gerd , Artzner Christoph , Schlensak Christian , Lescan Mario 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to assess the endograft position and aortic geometry changes after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and frozen elephant trunk (FET) in distal stent-induced new entry (dSINE) patients.

METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, the baseline demographic and the follow-up data were extracted from the hospital records, and computed tomography scans of dSINE patients after TEVAR or FET between 2011 and 2021 were analysed regarding endograft oversizing, length and migration, taper ratio, aortic diameter at the endograft end, aortic elongation (thoracic inner and outer curvature), wedge apposition angle and tortuosity angle in the distal landing zone.

RESULTS
dSINE was found in 22/213 (10%) of TEVAR and 10/31 (32%) of FET patients. The total follow-up time was 45 (27; 59) months. TEVAR was mainly performed with Relay NBS endograft (77%) and FET with Evita open prosthesis (80%). Paraplegia and stroke rates were 3%. dSINE occurred 17 (7; 35) months post-TEVAR and was instantly treated in 18 patients (56%) or followed up for 21 (11; 34) months (n = 14). Migration [+5 mm (1; 11; P &lt; 0.001)], birdbeak angle [+9° (0; 27; P = 0.039)] and aortic diameter +5 mm (1; 11; P &lt; 0.001) increased after dSINE, whereas aortic elongation increased already before [+12 mm (0; 27; P = 0.015)] and peaked after dSINE [+30 mm (9; 38; P &lt; 0.001)]. The aortic elongation was more pronounced in the outer aortic curvature before and after dSINE (before: P = 0.039, after: P = 0.024). Postoperative wedge apposition [17° (12; 20)] increased before dSINE [21° (16; 35; P &lt; 0.001)] and peaked thereafter [31° (21; 40; P &lt; 0.001)].

CONCLUSIONS
Aortic elongation may influence the endograft position and provoke TEVAR failure in the distal and proximal landing zones.
Modern outcomes of heart-lung transplantation: assessing the impact of the updated US allocation system
Authors: Shin Max , Iyengar Amit , Helmers Mark R , Kelly John J , Song Cindy , Rekhtman David , Cevasco Marisa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
In 2018, the United Network for Organ Sharing modified their heart allocation policy to reduce waitlist mortality and prioritize patients with the greatest acuity. Considering declining rates of combined heart-lung transplantation, this study sought to investigate the impact of the new allocation system on waitlist and post-transplant outcomes of patients listed for combined heart-lung transplantation.

METHODS
Adult patients listed for combined heart-lung transplant between 2012 and 2021 were included. Patients were stratified according to listing era. Competing risk regression was used to assess waitlist outcomes. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to establish risk factors for post-transplant mortality.

RESULTS
A total of 511 patients were included, of whom 295 (57.8%) were listed in era 1 and 216 (42.2%) in era 2. Era 2 was associated with increased likelihood of transplant (adjusted standard hazard ratio (aSHR): 1.60 [1.23–2.07]; P &lt; 0.01) and decreased waitlist mortality (aSHR: 0.43 [0.25–0.73]; P &lt; 0.01). Despite longer ischaemic times and increased use of preoperative veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in era 2, early post-transplant survival was equivalent. Predicted heart mass ratio &lt;0.8 (Hazard ratio (HR); 3.24; P = 0.01), ventilator support (HR: 3.83; P &lt; 0.01) and greater ischaemic times (HR: 1.80; P &lt; 0.01) independently predicted the mortality. Procedures at high centre volumes (HR: 0.36; P = 0.04) were associated with decreased mortality. Use of ECMO was not predictive of mortality in the modern era.

CONCLUSIONS
The allocation policy change has led to improvements in waitlist outcomes in patients listed for heart-lung transplantation. Despite increased ischaemic times and use of ECMO, early post-transplant survival was equivalent.
Current outcomes of live-born children with double outlet right ventricle in Norway
Authors: Holten-Andersen Mads , Lippert Matthias , Holmstrøm Henrik , Brun Henrik , Døhlen Gaute 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This population-based, comprehensive, retrospective study presented the clinical outcomes of all children born in Norway between 2003 and 2017 with double outlet right ventricle (DORV).

METHODS
All children born with DORV between 2003 and 2017 were identified in the Oslo University Hospital registry. Patients’ characteristics, interventions, complications and deaths were recorded. Echocardiographic data were reviewed for classification according to current standards. We investigated time-dependent surgical reintervention and mortality using Kaplan–Meier analyses and determinants of treatment complications, reintervention and death using regression analyses.

RESULTS
Ninety-three children with DORV represented an annual median prevalence of 1.18 per 10 000 births in Norway. Six children received palliative care. With an intention to treat, a surgical route with the primary biventricular repair was followed for 62 children, staged biventricular repair for 15 and univentricular repair for 10 children. Major complications occurred in 1.0% and 6.2% of children following catheter or surgical intervention, respectively. No significant determinants of the complications were identified. Overall survival following treatment was 91.9%, 90.8%, 89.5% and 89.5% and corresponding freedom from surgical reintervention was 88.0%, 79.0%, 74.9% and 69.4% at 1, 2, 5 and 10 years, respectively. The presence of atrioventricular septal defect predicted an increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio: 7.16) but did not increase the risk of surgical reintervention.

CONCLUSIONS
In Norway, most children receive tailored treatment for DORV with low rates of complications, surgical reinterventions and mortality. However, atrioventricular septal defect remains a potential determinant of postoperative death.
Gendered parenthood gaps in employer-provided training: the role of immediate supervisors
Authors: Peters Eileen , Cooke Lynn Prince , Melzer Silvia Maja 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Powerful male actors are argued to secure workplace resources for themselves and other in-group members, contributing to workplace inequalities. We contend that, like gender, parenthood similarity in supervisor–supervisee dyads also provokes group processes, and that parenthood is superordinate to childlessness. Critically, we hypothesize how shared supervisor–supervisee parental status at its intersection with gender might intensify or offset (dis)advantage in access to workplace training. Hypotheses are tested with unique linked German employer–employee data and estimating gender-parental training differences using workplace fixed-effects regressions. Results show that while on average women train less than men and parents train more than childless workers, these effects can alter at the intersection with supervisors’ group memberships. Dyad ‘double jeopardy’ is evident in that childless women face the greatest training disadvantages when reporting to childless female supervisors. Yet whether sharing one superordinate status offsets disadvantage of a subordinate group membership occurs only for shared parenthood. Childless men gain no advantage when reporting to a male supervisor, whereas sharing parenthood with immediate supervisors countervails disadvantage of being female for mother supervisees. We conclude that only by considering social relations at the intersection of supervisor–supervisees’ multiple categorical memberships might we better understand the relational processes sustaining or reducing workplace inequalities.
Glycosylated proteins in the protozoan algaEuglena gracilis: a proteomic approach
Authors: O’Neill Ellis C 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProtein glycosylation, and in particular N-linked glycans, is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells and has been well-studied in mammalian cells and parasites. However, little research has been conducted to investigate the conservation and variation of protein glycosylation pathways in other eukaryotic organisms. Euglena gracilis is an industrially important microalga, used in the production of biofuels and nutritional supplements. It is evolutionarily highly divergent from green algae and more related to kinetoplastid pathogens. It was recently shown that E. gracilis possesses the machinery for producing a range of protein glycosylations and make simple N-glycans, but the modified proteins were not identified. This study identifies the glycosylated proteins, including transporters, extracellular proteases, and those involved in cell surface signalling. Notably, many of the most highly expressed and glycosylated proteins are not related to any known sequences and are, therefore, likely to be involved in important novel functions in Euglena.
Carrying the Earth to the Sky: Claire Denis’s Perverse Ecologies
Authors: Taylor McNeil 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Claire Denis and Gilles Deleuze have initiated some of the most radical questioning of the human figure in recent French culture. This tendency has escalated in recent years, as Denis turns her gaze towards interstellar matter in
High Life
(2018), while a growing trend within Deleuze studies has developed the idea of a ‘dark Deleuze’ intent on leaving behind the human once and for all. This article takes these developments as an occasion to broach ethical questions about the implications of Denis and Deleuze’s non-anthropocentric perspective: what happens to relations between humans in a world of heightened non-human animacy? By reading
High Life
alongside a key text for this ‘dark Deleuze’, ‘Michel Tournier et le monde sans autrui’ (1967), I demonstrate how Denis and Deleuze’s parallel exploration of nonhuman ecologies eventually diverges. Where Deleuze dives head-first into a world of matter and molecules, Denis traces a more dynamic trajectory. Through attention to the racial and postcolonial dynamics of the environments she surveys, she inflects Deleuze’s fusional ontology with a more careful thinking of alterity. Antisocial drives, in Denis, are able to be recuperated into a renewed human sociality, one that is traversed and maintained by environmental processes.