bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report of two patients in whom comparisons of the somatic mutation profile were useful for the diagnosis of metastatic tumors
Authors: Furukawa Kenichiro , Hatakeyama Keiichi , Terashima Masanori , Fujiya Keiichi , Tanizawa Yutaka , Bando Etsuro , Sugino Takashi , Urakami Kenichi , Naito Tateaki , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Yamaguchi Ken 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
When a patient has multiple tumors in different organs, it is very important to identify whether the tumors are multiple cancers or metastasis from one tumor in order to establish an optimal treatment strategy. However, it is difficult to obtain an accurate diagnosis from conventional diagnostic strategies, including immunohistochemistry. We report two patients with multiple tumors in which a somatic mutation comparison using next-generation sequencing (NGS) was useful for the diagnosis of a metastatic tumor.

Case presentations
Patient 1: A 64-year-old man was diagnosed with gastric and lung cancer. After radical chemoradiotherapy for lung cancer, gastrectomy was planned for gastric cancer. At gastrectomy, the patient underwent a multiple omics analysis for “Project HOPE”. The gene mutational signature of the gastric tumor showed signature 4 of COSMIC mutational signature version 2, which was associated with smoking and has not been found in gastric cancer. To confirm that the gastric tumor was metastasis from lung cancer, we conducted a somatic mutation comparison of the two tumors with 409-gene panel sequencing, which revealed that 28 of 97 mutations in the lung tumor completely matched those of the gastric tumor. Based on these findings, the gastric tumor was diagnosed as metastasis from lung cancer. Patient 2: A 47-year-old woman underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. A colon tumor was detected 6 years after gastrectomy. The colon lesion was a submucosal tumor-like elevated tumor, and was suspected to be metastasis from gastric cancer. The patient underwent sigmoidectomy, and participated in “Project HOPE”. The possibility of primary colon cancer could not be ruled out, and we conducted a somatic mutation comparison of the two tumors as we did with Patient 1. Panel sequencing revealed 11 mutations in the gastric tumors, 4 of which completely matched those of the colon tumor. The colon tumor was diagnosed as metastasis from gastric cancer.

Conclusion
We reported two patients with multiple tumors in which a somatic mutation comparison using NGS was useful for the diagnosis of a metastatic tumor.
Transhiatal bilateral thoracic duct ligation for duplicated thoracic duct injury after esophagectomy: a case report
Authors: Komatsuzaki Shuhei , Hisakura Katsuji , Ogawa Koichi , Akashi Yoshimasa , Kim Jaejeong , Moue Shoko , Miyazaki Yoshihiro , Furuya Kinji , Doi Manami , Owada Yohei , Shimomura Osamu , Ohara Yusuke , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Hashimoto Shinji , Enomoto Tsuyoshi , Koike Naoto , Oda Tatsuya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The treatment of duplicated thoracic ducts (TDs) injury after esophagectomy generally requires a bilateral transthoracic approach. We present the cases of two patients with postoperative chylothorax who underwent transhiatal bilateral TD ligation for duplicated TDs.

Case presentation
Two patients diagnosed with chylothorax after esophagectomy performed for thoracic esophageal cancer underwent transhiatal TD ligation. Although supradiaphragmatic mass ligation was performed on the fat tissue of the right side of the aorta containing the TD, chyle leakage persisted. To tackle this, the fat tissue of the left side of the aorta was ligated, after which the chyle leakage stopped.

Conclusion
Compared to the conventional transthoracic approach, the transhiatal approach enables the ligation of both left- and right-sided TD in a single surgical operation, without the need to change the patient’s posture. This approach may be appropriate for the treatment of chylothorax after esophagectomy, considering the possibility of duplicated TDs.
Liver metastasis from rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm detected 15 years after primary resection
Authors: Akabane Miho , Okubo Satoshi , Kinowaki Keiichi , Matsumura Masaru , Shindoh Junichi , Hashimoto Masaji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms can induce liver metastasis. However, few reports exist on the associated long-term recurrence rates. We report a case of liver metastasis identified 15 years after rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm resection.

Case presentation
A 50-year-old woman was on semi-annual follow-up after undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer (pT1N0M0) and low anterior resection for grade 1 rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm (pT1b, ly1, v1). Fifteen years postoperatively, a 7-mm hyperechoic mass was identified at liver segment 6. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a slight growth of the mass. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed radiotracer accumulation in the lesion. Laparoscopic hepatectomy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was grade 2 neuroendocrine neoplasm. The pathological findings and clinical course indicated the tumor originated in the rectum.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the need to reassess the optimal postoperative follow-up period for patients with rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm.
Feasibility and preliminary effects of exercise interventions on plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease in the FIT-AD trial: a randomized pilot study in older adults with Alzheimer’s dementia
Authors: Yu Fang , Han Seung Yong , Salisbury Dereck , Pruzin Jeremy J. , Geda Yonas , Caselli Richard J. , Li Danni 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers have provided a unique opportunity to understand AD pathogenesis and monitor treatment responses. However, exercise trials show mixed effects on imagining and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of AD. The feasibility and effects of exercise on plasma biomarkers remain unknown. The primary objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of recruitment, retention, and blood sample collection in community-dwelling older adults with mild-to-moderate AD dementia. Secondarily, it estimated the preliminary effects of 6-month aerobic and stretching exercise on plasma amyloid-β42 and Aβ40 (Aβ42/40) ratio, phosphorylated tau (p-tau) 181, and total tau (t-tau).

Methods
This pilot study was implemented in year 2 of the 2-parallel group FIT-AD trial that randomized 96 participants on a 2:1 allocation ratio to moderate-intensity cycling or low-intensity stretching for 20–50 min, 3 times/week for 6 months with 6-month follow-up. Investigators (except for the statistician) and data collectors were blinded to group assignment. Fasting blood samples were collected from 26 participants at baseline and 3 and 6 months. Plasma Aβ42, Aβ40, p-tau181, and t-tau were measured using Simoa™ assays. Data were analyzed using intention-to-treat, Cohen’s d, and linear mixed models.

Resultss
The sample averaged 77.6±6.99 years old and 15.4±3.00 years of education with 65% being male and 96.2% being apolipoprotein epsilon 4 gene carriers. The recruitment rate was 76.5%. The retention rate was 100% at 3 months and 96.2% at 6 months. The rate of blood collection was 88.5% at 3 months and 96.2% at 6 months. Means (standard deviation) of within-group 6-month difference in the stretching and cycling group were 0.001 (0.012) and −0.001 (0.010) for Aβ42/40 ratio, 0.609 (1.417) pg/mL and 0.101(1.579) pg/mL for p-tau181, and −0.020 (0.279) pg/mL and −0.075 (0.215) pg/mL for t-tau. Effect sizes for within-group 6-month difference were observed for p-tau181 in stretching (d=0.43 [−0.33, 1.19]) and t-tau in cycling (−0.35 [−0.87, 0.17]).

Conclusions
Blood collections with fasting were well received by participants and feasible with high recruitment and retention rates. Plasma biomarkers of AD may be modifiable by exercise intervention. Important design considerations are provided for future Phase III trials.

Trials registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01954550 and posted on October 1, 2013
Quercetin enhances survival and axonal regeneration of motoneurons after spinal root avulsion and reimplantation: experiments in a rat model of brachial plexus avulsion
Authors: Huang Yanfeng , Zhang Xie , Huang Qionghui , Dou Yaoxing , Qu Chang , Xu Qingqing , Yuan Qiuju , Xian Yan-Fang , Lin Zhi-Xiu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundBrachial plexus avulsion (BPA) physically involves the detachment of spinal nerve roots themselves and the associated spinal cord segment, leading to permanent paralysis of motor function of the upper limb. Root avulsion induces severe pathological changes, including inflammatory reaction, oxidative damage, and finally massive motoneuron apoptosis. Quercetin (QCN), a polyphenolic flavonoid found in abundance in fruit and vegetables, has been reported to possess anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects in many experimental models of both central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether QCN could improve motor function recovery after C5–7 ventral root avulsion and C6 reimplantation in a rat model of BPA.MethodsThe right fifth cervical (C5) to C7 ventral roots were avulsed followed by re-implantation of only C6 to establish the spinal root avulsion plus re-implantation model in rats. After surgery, rats were treated with QCN (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) by gavage for 2 or 8 consecutive weeks. The effects of QCN were assessed using behavior test (Terzis grooming test, TGT) and histological evaluation. The molecular mechanisms were determined by immunohistochemistry analysis and western blotting.ResultsOur results demonstrated that QCN significantly expedited motor function recovery in the forelimb as shown by the increased Terzis grooming test score, and accelerated motor axon regeneration as evidenced by the ascending number of Fluoro-Ruby-labeled and P75-positive regenerative motoneurons. The raised ChAT-immunopositive and cresyl violet-stained neurons indicated the enhanced survival of motoneurons by QCN administration. Furthermore, QCN treatment markedly alleviated muscle atrophy, restored functional motor endplates in biceps and inhibited the microglial and astroglia activation via modulating Nrf2/HO-1 and neurotrophin/Akt/MAPK signaling pathway.ConclusionsTaken together, these findings have for the first time unequivocally indicated that QCN has promising potential for further development into a novel therapeutic in conjunction with reimplantation surgery for the treatment of BPA.
The potential impact of migraine headache on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
Authors: Abdelghaffar Mohamed , Hussein Mona , Thabet Nahla H. , Elshebawy Haidy , Daker Lamiaa I. , Soliman Shaimaa H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Migraine is a common, chronic, multifactorial neurovascular disorder. It may result in hypoperfusion of other areas other than the brain, as the eye. It may lead to change of the retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL) thickness and axonal loss even up to severe damage of the eye structures, including the retina with frequent headache attacks. This study aimed to quantify the thickness of RNFL which gives a good idea about the condition of axons and loss of ganglion cells in migraine patients. Also, to detect if there is any correlation between these measurements and clinical characteristics of migraine.

Results
The RNFL thickness was significantly thinner in patients with migraine compared to healthy controls in all quadrants of retina in both sides (p value < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in RNFL thickness in migraine patients with aura compared to patients without aura in all retinal quadrants in both sides (p value > 0.05). The headache intensity was negatively correlated with RNFL thickness in the inferior (r = − 0.342, P = 0.031) and nasal (r = − 0.349, P = 0.027) quadrants on LT side, also there was a significant positive correlation between RNFL thickness and both of nausea and tolerability in the RT superior quadrant (r = 0.467, P = 0.002); (r = 0.322, P = 0.043), respectively, but there was no significant correlation found between the RNFL thickness and disability, attacks duration, disease duration and frequency in all retinal quadrants on both sides (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
The main conclusion of our work was that RNFL thickness was significantly affected in migraine patients in comparison to healthy controls, but there were no significant impact of the migraine characteristics including aura, severity, frequency, or duration of headache attacks on RNFL thickness.
Impact of board of directors attributes on real-based earnings management: further evidence from Egypt
Authors: Attia Eman F. , Ismail Tariq H. , Mehafdi Messaoud 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper aims at investigating the effect of board of directors attributes on real earnings management (REM). A panel data of 78 Egyptian listed companies was collected over the period 2008–2017 to test the hypotheses. The results of the system generalized method of moment model revealed that the board size is negatively and significantly correlated with REM proxies, except for abnormal cash flows from operations (ABCFO) measure. Whereas, board meetings are positively and significantly related to REM except for ABCFO. Furthermore, board independence and chief executive officer duality provided varying results due to different REM proxies that have been used in this paper. The results of this study highlight the fact that there is no unified corporate governance (CG) system that fits all countries; therefore, each country should form its CG code in a way that takes into consideration its economic, political, legal, and institutional needs. Furthermore, regulators have the motivation to enhance relevant regulations and rules and maintaining a well-organized regulation system, where this would help in improving the effectiveness of the board as well as protect the investors by reducing the level of earnings manipulation. In investment activities, investors should take into account the attributes of a company’s board to avoid investing in firms that are more liable to conduct earnings management; consequently they could maximize the benefits of investments.
STRUCTURE AND FEATURES OF THE SOCIAL MEMORY OF THE RUSSIAN MILITARY INTELLIGENCE: VALUE AND MEANING AND FUNCTIONAL ASPECT
Authors: Naumov Petr Y. 
Published: December 2022

Relevance. Leading domestic scientists who dealt with the problem of studying the intelligentsia note in their works that intellectuals are not born and it is not encoded in the genes. The values of the intelligentsia are formed and brought up in the course of a purposefully organized pedagogical process and psychological influence. The theoretical and informational basis of this process, as well as the main source, is social memory as a semantic accumulator. Social memory as a dynamic mental formation and as a social phenomenon has its own structure and carriers, as well as cultural and psychological transmission mechanisms.
Materials and methods. Comprehensive knowledge of the concept and features of the functioning of the social memory of the military intelligentsia, as well as the mechanisms of its translation, was carried out based on systemic, axiological and subjective methodological approaches. The applied scientific methods were analysis and synthesis, analogy and comparison, abstraction and generalization.
Results of the study. The key scientific results of the study are the accumulation of generalized ideas about the social memory of the domestic military intelligentsia and the psychological mechanisms of its transmission. The results of the study can be used to organize the pedagogical process in a military university to develop the intelligence of future officers.
COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF EMPLOYEES OF ENFORCEMENT BODIES AND FEATURES OF ITS FORMATION
Authors: Pritsker Elina V. , Kapustina Valeria A. 
Published: December 2022

Background. The destabilization of the economy and the growth of social tension can be a cause of an increase in non-payments from the population. It leads to an increase in the burden on the bailiff service, whose work involves active interaction with the population in a stressful situation. Regardless of their position, employees of enforcement bodies carry out interpersonal communication with colleagues, parties to enforcement proceedings, management, and citizens.
The research problem is in the lack of knowledge of the communicative component in the structure of professional competence of employees of enforcement agencies.
Research method – theoretical analysis.
Results. Based on the review of the literature, the authors identified the communicative competencies that bailiffs must possess for effective performance: key (intercultural and interdepartmental communication), basic (effective oral and written communication with different categories of citizens, involving the use of competent and polite language) and special (the ability to manage conflict with taking into account the ethics of business communication and current legislative norms) competencies. It is noted that the formation of the communicative competence of bailiffs should be carried out using psychological training and distance learning, while the communicative component of the professional competence of employees of enforcement agencies is closely related to its legal specifics.
Might IgA be a Biomarker of Disease Activity in Takayasu Arteritis?
Authors: Vantaggio Lorenzo , Chiara Pellicano Chiara Pellicano , Marzia Miglionico Marzia Miglionico , Giuseppina Cusano Giuseppina Cusano , Marcella Visentini Marcella Visentini 
Published: December 2022

Takayasu arteritis is a systemic vasculitis of the large vessels and mainly affects Japanese and Southeast Asian women in the second and third decades of life. Inflammatory infiltrate affects the full thickness of the vessel wall, inducing progressive lumen stenosis and occlusion. The main biomarkers of disease activity are the ESR, CRP and serum levels of circulating cytokines. This case report describes the clinical history of a young woman with Takayasu disease with high serum levels of IgA at onset. IgA remained elevated with persistence of disease activity, and normalized only when the patient was treated with an anti-TNF agent (infliximab), which also induced a clinical response in the vasculitis. IgA levels, together with other inflammatory parameters, may be considered a biomarker of disease activity.
A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE COVID-19 PREVENTIVE MEASURES AT THE TOKYO 2020 AND BEIJING 2022 OLYMPIC GAMES
Authors: Siekel Anton , Vodáčková Zuzana , Šebesta Matej , Plavčan Peter 
Published: December 2022

National and international sports are well recognized in the international Olympic movement. The Summer and Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games are the major global sporting events, uniting the entire world together for world peace. Managing the health and safety of athletes at these top sporting events is an important task. During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, sound organisational policies and effective preventive measures to protect athletes from infection at the Olympic Games were essential. Currently, there is not much information on the spread of COVID-19 infection in sports events and the effectiveness of preventive measures. The present study analyses the preventive measures for COVID-19 at Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. The study is based on the official documents of the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee. It compares the COVID-19 spread and preventive measures taken by the organisers at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic Games and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL FOR THE PREVENTION OF AGEISM IN NURSING PRACTICE IN A TEAM WITH SOCIAL GERONTOLOGIST
Authors: Hošnjak Ana Marija , Goriup Jana 
Published: December 2022

One key characteristics of professionalism is acquiring new knowledge based on the evidence-based development of innovative models and their practical implementation. The present study describes the development of a multidisciplinary model with a social gerontologist at its center, called the Model of Ageism Prevention in Nursing Practice. It considers the role of a social gerontologist in the most dominant demographic phenomenon of aging population. The developed model gives an overview of the current situation, explains the theories on which the conceptual framework is based, discuss some key criticisms and offers solutions. Implementing the Model of Ageism Prevention in Nursing Practice aims to strengthen the multidisciplinary team, modernise nursing, and raise standards of nursing care. Recent literature has been analysed and synthesised to develop this theoretical model for preventing ageism in nursing. The education of nurses, on the one hand, and the intergenerational contacts of the beneficiaries, on the other hand, are successful in preventing age discrimination after identifying critical points. The model explains the role of the social gerontologist as a link that connects these relationships. The development of these concepts will increase the satisfaction level of the health care users with the satisfaction from nursing care, consequently improving the quality of nursing care. Most importantly, nurses can reduce prejudice against older people and take preventative measures once they know the existing problem. The ageism prevention model seems appropriate for educational curriculum creators and national programs. Future studies are expected to validate the model and improve it. It is suggested that the guidelines of the Model of Ageism Prevention can be used as the starting point for developing a national program to prevent age discrimination in practice.