bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An improved high stability and low distortion phase generated carrier demodulation algorithm for phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometers
Authors: Xiao Wenzhe , Cheng Jing , Zhang Dawei , Kong Yong , Ye Hualong , He Jun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The phase generated carrier (PGC) demodulation technique for phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Ф-OTDR) has significant potential in applications involving distributed optical fiber sensing and imaging. An improved PGC demodulation algorithm for a Ф-OTDR combined with an unbalanced Michelson interferometer system is presented in this letter. This modified PGC technique uses the one output signal as a fundamental carrier frequency signal with mathematical transformations, and another output is the modulated signal, which enable the two signals to be output synchronously from the interferometer. Theoretical simulations and experiments demonstrate that the linear and nonlinear distortion caused by phase modulation depth and carrier phase delay are well suppressed by the proposed algorithm with high stability and low distortion. The signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio of sensors using the proposed method in the same conditions achieve gains of 12.98 dB, 30.82 dB and 6.93 dB over PGC-Arctan, PGC-differential-and-cross-multiplying and PGC-single-path differential division method, respectively. Experimental verification shows that the proposed demodulation system can exactly recover the original signals of multiple vibration positions simultaneously, and the system employing the ameliorated PGC demodulation algorithm has the noise level of about 1.83 × 10−4 rad (√Hz)−1 and a large dynamic range of 65.72 dB @ 800 Hz, which provides a new choice for distributed optical fiber sensing technology.
Avian whiffling-inspired gaps provide an alternative method for roll control
Authors: Sigrest Piper , Inman Daniel J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Some bird species exhibit a flight behavior known as whiffling, in which the bird flies upside-down during landing, predator evasion, or courtship displays. Flying inverted causes the flight feathers to twist, creating gaps in the wing’s trailing edge. It has been suggested that these gaps decrease lift at a potentially lower energy cost, enabling the bird to maneuver and rapidly descend. Thus, avian whiffling has parallels to an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) using spoilers for rapid descent and ailerons for roll control. However, while whiffling has been previously described in the biological literature, it has yet to directly inspire aerodynamic design. In the current research, we investigated if gaps in a wing’s trailing edge, similar to those caused by feather rotation during whiffling, could provide an effective mechanism for UAV control, particularly rapid descent and banking. To address this question, we performed a wind tunnel test of 3D printed wings with a varying amount of trailing edge gaps and compared the lift and rolling moment coefficients generated by the gapped wings to a traditional spoiler and aileron. Next, we used an analytical analysis to estimate the force and work required to actuate gaps, spoiler, and aileron. Our results showed that gapped wings did not reduce lift as much as a spoiler and required more work. However, we found that at high angles of attack, the gapped wings produced rolling moment coefficients equivalent to upwards aileron deflections of up to 32.7° while requiring substantially less actuation force and work. Thus, while the gapped wings did not provide a noticeable benefit over spoilers for rapid descent, a whiffling-inspired control surface could provide an effective alternative to ailerons for roll control. These findings suggest a novel control mechanism that may be advantageous for small fixed-wing UAVs, particularly energy-constrained aircraft.
In vitro static and dynamic cell culture study of novel bone scaffolds based on 3D-printed PLA and cell-laden alginate hydrogel
Authors: Noroozi Reza , Shamekhi Mohammad Amin , Mahmoudi Reza , Zolfagharian Ali , Asgari Fatemeh , Mousavizadeh Ali , Bodaghi Mahdi , Hadi Amin , Haghighipour Nooshin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to design and fabricate a novel composite scaffold based on the combination of 3D-printed polylactic acid-based triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs) and cell-laden alginate hydrogel. This novel scaffold improves the low mechanical properties of alginate hydrogel and can also provide a scaffold with a suitable pore size, which can be used in bone regeneration applications. In this regard, an implicit function was used to generate some gyroid TPMS scaffolds. Then the fused deposition modeling process was employed to print the scaffolds. Moreover, the micro computed tomography technique was employed to assess the microstructure of 3D-printed TPMS scaffolds and obtain the real geometries of printed scaffolds. The mechanical properties of composite scaffolds were investigated under compression tests experimentally. It was shown that different mechanical behaviors could be obtained for different implicit function parameters. In this research, to assess the mechanical behavior of printed scaffolds in terms of the strain–stress curves on, two approaches were presented: equivalent volume and finite element-based volume. Results of strain–stress curves showed that the finite-element based approach predicts a higher level of stress. Moreover, the biological response of composite scaffolds in terms of cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell attachment was investigated. In this vein, a dynamic cell culture system was designed and fabricated, which improves mass transport through the composite scaffolds and applies mechanical loading to the cells, which helps cell proliferation. Moreover, the results of the novel composite scaffolds were compared to those without alginate, and it was shown that the composite scaffold could create more viability and cell proliferation in both dynamic and static cultures. Also, it was shown that scaffolds in dynamic cell culture have a better biological response than in static culture. In addition, scanning electron microscopy was employed to study the cell adhesion on the composite scaffolds, which showed excellent attachment between the scaffolds and cells.
A meta-analytical review of intervention experiments to reduce food waste
Authors: Tian Xi , Xia Ziqian , Xie Jinliang , Zhang Chao , Liu Yaobin , Xu Ming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To reduce food waste, many behavioural intervention experiments have been conducted worldwide, but their effectiveness remains unclear. To assess their impacts, we present a meta-analysis based on 58 studies, selected after screening 1143 papers, which were conducted between 2011 and 2021 covering 26 533 participants. We confirm that behavioural interventions have a moderate effect (

z

= 0.22) on food waste reduction, with education programs having the most significant impact and informational feedback having the least. We also show that interventions in elementary and middle school settings marginally improve the overall effect size (P < 0.1), and controlled experiments exhibit a higher effect size compared to pre-post experiments in education interventions (P < 0.05). Finally, we present a roadmap to guide future research in the next decade to further improve our understanding on the effects of behavioural interventions to reduce food waste.
Local order metrics for two-phase media across length scales*
Authors: Torquato Salvatore , Skolnick Murray , Kim Jaeuk 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The capacity to devise order metrics to characterize and classify microstructures of multiphase heterogeneous media across length scales is an outstanding but highly challenging task, given the richness of the possible geometries and topologies of the phases that can arise. This investigation initiates a program to formulate order metrics to characterize the degree of order/disorder of the microstructures of two-phase media in

d

-dimensional Euclidean space

R

d

across length scales. In particular, we propose the use of the local volume-fraction variance

σ

V

2

(

R

)

associated with a spherical window of radius R as an order metric. We determine

σ

V

2

(

R

)

as a function of

R

for 22 different models across the first three space dimensions, including both hyperuniform and nonhyperuniform systems with varying degrees of short- and long-range order. We find that the local volume-fraction variance as well as asymptotic coefficients and integral measures derived from it provide reasonably robust and sensitive order metrics to categorize disordered and ordered two-phase media across all length scales. Such order metrics could be employed to accelerate the discovery of novel heterogeneous materials by tailoring their degree of order/disorder.
Problems of realization of low-productivity oil wells continuous operation
Authors: Tsylev P N , Shchapova I N , Shchapov V A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The expediency of low-productivity oil wells continuous operation has been specified. The analysis of possible ways of transferring oil wells with low flow rate to continuous operation is given. We noted the most rational use of low-speed asynchronous electric motors in the electric drive of plunger pumps. The problems of low-speed asynchronous electric motors development and production have been considered. The emphasis is placed on high weight, size and cost parameters of low-speed asynchronous electric motors and low values of their efficiency and power factor. A number of possible solutions to these problems are proposed. Thus, it is recommended to use a stator winding with a shortened pole pitch length to improve the weight, size and cost parameters. Reduction of electrical and magnetic loads and the use of copper instead of aluminum as a stator and rotor windings material contribute to the increase of the efficiency factor. The use of internal compensation of magnetizing current and reactive power is aimed at achieving the power factor values close to one.
Application of statistical dependencies to evaluate economic indicators of production efficiency by the example of oil fields in Azerbaijan
Authors: Safarov Q A , Vagif gizi G , Galkin S V 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Improving the use of basic funds and production capacity in oil and gas recovery is not only the introduction of new techniques and technology, but also the improvement of labor, management and organization of work. The process of renewal of the fixed capital and production forces is considered intensive at the time when the vast majority of the newly incorporated basic funds and forces are aimed at replacement of morally obsolete and physically worn out parts. This time, their compliance with the economically justified life expectancy is of interest. All these are elements of recycling. Oil and gas wells are important elements of the active part of the main production funds and they determine the future development of oil and gas recovery. Productive use of production wells for oil and gas recovery is considered as a source of improvement of production efficiency in terms of production-resource potential (PRP). In order to increase the efficient use of oil and gas wells as an active element of the main production funds, special attention is paid to both extensive and intensive factors at oil and gas production enterprises.
Differentiation of exploration and production wells to prevent the breakthrough of water injected into the reservoir
Authors: Mukhametshin V V , Kuleshova L S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The equations of canonical discriminant functions and distributions were derived for deposits of the Tournaisian age of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province. This enables solution to the problems of increasing the efficiency of implementation of various contour waterflood systems, choosing exploration and production wells for focal waterflood, and estimation of the well grid density at the stage of preparation of the design documents, pressure and injection volumes, as well as making scientifically grounded management decisions for regulating the exploitation process. The method has been proposed to prevent a catastrophic breakthrough of water injected into the reservoir, which is the reason for a significant decrease in the degree of oil reserves recovery.
Probabilistic and statistical justification of the forecast of oil and gas potential in the area with established industrial oil capacity
Authors: Krysin N N , Sologubova M V 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The article provides an example of an integrated approach to geological exploration in an area with an established industrial oil capacity. This approach is based on the analysis of the geological structure of the area under consideration and the stochastic assessment of the resources of the prospects using the Monte-Carlo simulation. Within the area under consideration, two regions were allocated for separate forecasting of the oil and gas potential of the prospects: south-western and north-eastern. Potentially oil and gas-bearing structures have been established in each region: in the south-western region, all structures are classified as unpromising, in the north-eastern region – as exploration targets. For each structure in the north-eastern region, possible oil-bearing areas were calculated, analog fields were selected for the probabilistic assessment of the prepared resources using the Monte-Carlo simulation. Based on the results of the evaluation, the most exploration target was selected.
Justification of the use of a supersonic separator at the Yu. Kuvykin gas condensate field
Authors: Kirsanov D V , Leticheskaya N N 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The main trends in the advancement of technology for the development and operation of offshore fields can be called underwater production complexes, which are a system of technological blocks that allow the production and treatment of hydrocarbons on the seabed. This article covers the technology of gas condensate separation using a supersonic separator. This 3S separator is able to perform deep purification of gas condensate with the extraction of CO2 and H2S and can be installed on the shelf as part of an underwater production complex. We consider it possible to apply this technology at the Yu. Kuvykin gas condensate field, which has a positive impact on the realization of the field’s resource potentials.
Evaluation of ways to reduce sand production from unconsolidated heterogeneous formations when using screens
Authors: Khabibullin M Ya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Experimental work showed that as a result of placing screens in a well with a bottomhole, the formation of which is composed of inhomogeneous, weakly cemented or loose sandstones, often with reduced permeability due to poor-quality completion, it is necessary to strive for a maximum decrease of ζ2ϕκ due to an increase in the wellbore of the screen shell and thereby an increase in the quality of filtration actions for colmatant breach, which contributes to a decrease of ζ2η. The following conclusions were drawn when examining sand phenomena from weakly cemented and loose formations with a heterogeneity coefficient of more than 10. The particles that make up the rock structure should not be removed from the formation due to the use of a screen. In practice, this means that the screen must not conduct 85-75% (by weight) of the larger sand fractions. To maintain the overall stability of the reservoir skeleton, it is possible to allow the removal of not more than 15-25% (in weight) of fine particles.
The structure and bearing capacity of rock structures during underground mining
Authors: Zaalishvili V B , Burdzieva O G , Khaliev M S-U 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The processes of controlling the ore-containing mass are refined and detailed, and the mechanism of interaction of stresses and deformations during underground mining of ore deposits is detailed. The properties of the massif and the role of faults and macrofractures in the development of deposits of complex structure are systematized. A methodology for studying stresses and deformations of rocks is given. Regularities of array maintenance at the interface site are established. Quantitative values of changes in physical and mechanical properties and stability of rocks in the interface zone are given. The array is differentiated by the magnitude of the acting stresses in various phases of the connection. The calculation of stresses for specific conditions with the determination of the reliability of the mining site was performed. Patterns of stress and strain changes over time are noted. An explanation of the phenomenon is given from the standpoint of the interaction of structural rock blocks in a discrete field of the array.
Improving the efficiency of the physical protection system for oil and gas facilities (by the example of trunk pipelines)
Authors: Tsvetkov G A , Aleshkov A A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The article discusses the features of ensuring technospheric safety at oil and gas facilities (using the example of trunk pipelines) in the implementation of national interests. To achieve strategic goals, the developed structure of the physical protection system of trunk pipelines can be used to detect and prevent outside interference in their work, based on the use of passive seismic-analytical and active bioradioinformative methods for monitoring the security zone. An innovative approach is considered, which is based on the effect of the dependence of intruders’ own electromagnetic radiation on the strength of an external low-intensity electromagnetic field of the radio wave range. Its implementation in the creation of technical means provides high selectivity, initially assuming a response only to living organisms, as well as the possibility of classifying biological objects according to their most informative features in any natural and climatic conditions.
A study of the impact of oil recovery on the well grid compaction in the oil-containing layers
Authors: Almukhametova E M , Fayzullin I A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The paper examines applications of the technology of compacting the well grid by drilling small-diameter wells in oil-containing layer N and identifies its influence on the oil recovery factor. The effectiveness of the results of grid drilling using small-diameter wells in oil-recoverable reservoir N and an increase in the efficiency of developing the oil-saturated layer by compaction of the existing development grid by drilling small-diameter wells are analyzed. Research methods used are the methods of systems analysis, mathematical modeling; mathematical programming, mathematical statistics, cluster analysis, numerical methods, computational experiments; database design theory.
Possibility of using machine learning algorithms to assess the effectiveness of acid hydraulic fracturing
Authors: Kochnev A A , Torsunova D V , Boyarov V Y , Krivoshchekov S N , Silaev E V 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
At the fields of the Perm Territory, there is a significant application of hydraulic fracturing technology to stimulate the production of carbonate reservoirs. The analysis of the efficiency of the acid hydraulic fracturing technology by the example of the fields of the Perm Territory is presented in the article. The effectiveness of the technology is largely determined by the geological and physical conditions of the fields. Using the methods of mathematical statistics, the main geological and physical parameters which most significantly affect the effectiveness of measures for acid hydraulic fracturing have been identified. A multiple regression model was built to find out the complex influence of the parameters on the increase in oil production after the measures. Various machine learning algorithms have been used to predict the increase in oil and fluid input rates after acid fracturing. Different algorithms showed different results. For the problems of forecasting oil production after the application of acid fracturing, the most successful one was the support vector method.
Paleogeographic reconstructions of Emsian - Lower Frasnian formation for oil and gas prospecting
Authors: Pleshkov L D , Kozhevnikova E E 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The reconstruction of sedimentation conditions is very important for understanding the geological structure of the region, for assessing the generative potential of the formation, and for the design of prospecting works for oil and gas. In this work we reconstruct the paleo-geographic conditions of Emsian – Lower Frasnian formation identifying zones with conditions for the formation of reservoirs, seals and hydrocarbon bearing rocks. The accumulated data on the oil and gas content of the territory were summarized what made it possible to divide the oilfields into several groups with different sources of oil generation. In the conclusion, we allocated zones promising for oil deposits in Devonian Terrigenous formation on the territory of Perm Krai and Udmurt Republic.
Indirect determination of reservoir pressure by changing operating modes of exploration and recovery wells
Authors: Grishchenko V A , Kharisov M N , akupov R F Y , Mukhametshin V V , Kuleshova L S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The results obtained in the article enable to draw a conclusion about the sufficient accuracy of assessing the energy state and the possibility of using an algorithm for the indirect determination of reservoir pressure for solving practical problems of geological exploration and geological recovery research in selecting and planning geological and engineering operations and monitoring the work of the base well stock. However, algorithms for indirect determination of reservoir pressure should not fully replace well testing but they can be considered as an additional tool for assessing the reservoir pressure and their results should be analyzed considering the experience of the reservoir development in specific geological conditions.
Study of the reliability of the determination of reservoir characteristics of productive formations in the Stretenskoye field using correlation analysis
Authors: Chukhlov A S , Galkin V I , Ponomareva I N , Chernykh V I 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Storage properties (porosity) of productive strata at Stretenskoye field were determined using several methods of geophysical studies of wells. The filtration properties (permeability) are determined according to the interpretation of the hydrodynamic study materials under unsteady conditions. At the same time, the methods used in a number of cases showed different results. In order to avoid misinterpretation of the structure of void space and its properties, it is advisable to conduct studies to assess the reliability of all the methods. For this purpose, the paper used the tools of mathematical statistics such as correlation and multivariate regression analysis. As a result of the research, the authors gave the recommendations for the application of methods to determine the filtration and storage properties of reservoirs differentially for terrigenous and carbonate reservoirs of the studied field.
Microbiological and physicochemical treatment of oil to increase field resource extraction
Authors: Veliev M M , Veliev E M , Mukhametshin V V , Kuleshova L S , Zung Le Viet , Akhmetshina D I 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
It was shown that the use of a physicochemical microbiological composition (FCMC) revealed a slight change in the amount of sulphate-reducing bacteria. The mineralization and density of the fluid taken from production wells before and after injection of this composition almost did not changed. After the FCMC injection, the watering of the pilot site slowed down. The calculations showed that the accumulated additional oil production of the pilot site during the period under study will be 856 tons and is increasing. These initial results suggest further effective application of the technology to other similar facilities.