bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective anatomical study of the cerebral dural venous sinus outflow pathways utilizing three-dimensional rotational venography
Authors: Anand Adrish , Crowley Samantha Claire , Srivatsan Aditya , Srinivasan Visish M , Chintalapani Gouthami , Kan Peter , Johnson Jeremiah N 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE:
Proper blood flow is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis for the human cerebrum. The dural venous sinuses comprise the dominant cerebral venous outflow path. Understanding the spatial configuration of the dural venous sinuses can provide valuable insight into several pathological conditions. Previously, only two-dimensional or cadaveric data have been used to understand cerebral outflow. For the first time, we applied three-dimensional rotational venography (3D-RV) to study and provide detailed quantitative morphological measurements of the terminal cerebral venous sinus system in several pathological states.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
Patients who underwent a 3D-RV procedure were identified by reviewing our local institution's endovascular database. Patients with high-quality angiographic images were selected. Eighteen patients were included (37.1 ± 3.8 years). Sinuses were divided into four segments, starting at the torcula and ending at the internal jugular vein. Segment length, 3D displacement, and cross-sectional area were measured.

RESULTS:
The transverse sinus (60.2 mm) was the longest segment, followed by the sigmoid sinus (55.1 mm). Cross-sectional areas were smallest at the middle of the transverse sinus (21.3 mm2) but increased at the sigmoid sinus (33.5 mm2) and at the jugular bulb (49.7 mm2). The only variation in displacements of venous flow was at the sigmoid-jugular junction, where 55% of cases had lateral displacements versus 45% medial, and 78% superior versus 22% inferior.

CONCLUSIONS:
We describe the terminal venous sinus system of patients with a variety of diagnoses, detailing segment length, cross-sectional area, and 3D path.
EMBRACING DIGITAL GOVERNMENT AMIDST THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND BEYOND
Authors: Mobo Dr. Froilan 
Published: March 2022

The effect of the global Pandemic converted our economy right into a maximum stimulating community fitness crisis inside the international that has confronted in more disastrous enjoy. The reaction of our government in the direction of the pandemic such as network quarantine, fitness, and protection protocol, and final down of all commercial enterprise establishments brought about a more complicated troubles affecting tens of millions of Filipinos who're unable to earn a living during in this time of a deadly disease.

The use of technological systems inside the Philippines can be its capacity and with the united states’s virtual implementation typically trailing behind neighboring international locations will be its existence-converting economic possibilities. Interconnectivity is the basic foundation of e-governance in shaping up the financial system of the Philippines, there are numerous demanding situations encountered in the course of this pandemic in phrases of connectivity issues. There's a want to improve the internet provider carriers inside the Philippines as a way to attain out inside the rural regions within the whole elements of Luzon, Mindanao, and Visayas. The virtual implications on the Philippine governance have helped fight the COVID-19 pandemic and adapt and analyze from the authorities of China’s enjoy of a hit and proficient in e-governance model of technological advancement amidst the COVID-19, (Ullah et al., 2020). The digitalization in the authorities drive connects ‘clever’ generation in an exertion to produce new financial possibilities that raise the financial increase and govern more efficiently with less corruption, (Kolås et al., 2020).

moreover, the Philippine e-governance in the Philippines in this time of have started to partner with telecommunications groups to enhance their ICT services in response to the worldwide Pandemic disaster, given the extreme function of generation and digital-governance in professionally and efficiently answering to nations' growing wishes throughout this time of a pandemic. The Department of Information and Communication Era (DICT) is about to guide the Philippine government the urgency to reply to the multi-sectoral demand for the improved public provider shipping and higher-best net get entry to underneath the COVID-19 Pandemic. (DICT to lead government digital Transformation for higher regular | DICT, 2020)
Retrospective Study of Palliative Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced and Metastatic Head and Neck Carcinoma: A Single Institution Study
Authors: Shah Narender Singh , Daga Dhiraj , Singh Deepti , Chaturvedi Manish Kumar , Mathur Upen Kishor , Banthia Poonam , Kavia Ashish 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
The most common cancer of India is head and neck, and about 70% of them present in locally advanced or metastatic disease. Palliative radiotherapy is one of the commonly used treatments in such cases. A retrospective study on the outcomes and toxicity of palliative radiotherapy is studied at a tertiary centre.
Materials and Methods
In this study, 74 patients who underwent palliative radiotherapy at the tertiary centre between Nov 2017 and Oct 2019 were retrospectively analysed. The frequency of different presenting symptoms, radiotherapy regimens, their outcome in form of symptomatic relief and disease status along with toxicity was studied and analysed through the available records.
Results
We identified 74 eligible patients. The median age was 48years (range, 26–82). Oropharyngeal primary cancer was the most common primary site. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status was 3 or more in 74.4% patients. The radiation regimen used were ranged from 8Gyin single fraction, 20Gy in 4 fractions, 20Gy in 5 fractions, 30Gy in 10 fractions and 60Gy in 30 fractions. 93.2% of them completed their treatment. Pain and swelling were the most common presenting symptoms and 90.6% of them had more than 50% relief, while 46.5% had complete or partial response to the treatment.
Conclusion
Palliative radiotherapy to the head and neck provides some symptomatic benefit in most patients, there are multiple dose fractionation regimens currently being used for palliative radiation treatment, and consideration should be given to higher dose palliative RT regimens in patients having good performance status to maximize locoregional control and minimize late toxicity, patient with poor performance status will benefit from a hypofractionated palliative radiation treatment.
Changing Trends in Tracheostomy in a Critical Care Unit: A Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Western India
Authors: Pathak Shreha , Rathod Kinnari , Raibagkar Madhavi 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Identification of newer trends in indications and timing of tracheostomy and their implication on the outcome of the patients in a critical care unit, based on observations recorded in patients from a tertiary care centre in Western India.

Materials and Methods
100 patients admitted in the critical care unit, who underwent tracheostomy, were studied retrospectively. The patients were analyzed for the epidemiological data, indications, timing, and outcome of the tracheostomy. The outcomes were assessed based on mortality, discharge, decannulation, complications and VAP as parameters. A comparative analysis of the outcome of the tracheostomy depending on the timing of tracheostomy was conducted.

Results
Male: Female ratio was 1.77:1. Majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21 to 40 years. Anticipation of prolonged airway was commonest indication for tracheostomy (49%). Early tracheostomy was preferred (68%). The mortality rate was 38%. 48% of patients were discharged with a successful decannulation in 72.9% of them. Complications and VAP were observed in 16% and 23% of patients, respectively. The timing of tracheostomy had a significant impact on the outcome.

Conclusion
Anticipating prolonged intubation is the most important indication for tracheostomy in the critical care unit. Early tracheostomy is associated with favourable outcomes in terms of decreased mortality, improved survival rate, lesser complication, low incidence of VAP, and thus, better weaning. As soon as the need for prolonged management of the airway is identified, tracheostomy should be considered.
Asymptomatic Middle Ear Dysfunction in Children with Upper Respiratory Infection – Analytical Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Dutta Sirshak , Mallick Nazrul , Azgaonkar Sarvesh Premanand , Sinha Ramanuj , Biswas Bireswar 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) is the commonest cause of hearing difficulty and one of the most frequent reasons for elective admission to the hospital for surgery during childhood. The condition starts with dysfunction of middle ear due to poor ventilation through Eustachian tube or extension of the inflammatory process from nasopharynx. In the natural history of the disease, there may be a period of the pre-clinical stage without symptoms or signs of OME. If the disease is identified in this stage, the further sequel of it (like persistent hearing difficulty or retraction pocket formation) may be prevented.
Materials and Methods
A hospital based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among the children below 12 years of age to assess the middle ear function (by tympanometry) in children having upper respiratory tract infection (but no ear related complaints) and comparing them with the middle ear function in children not having such infection or any recent history of the same. Age and sex matched control group having no such symptoms was constructed. There were 25 children in both study and control group selected from Otorhinolaryngology and Pediatrics outpatient department (OPD). So total numbers of children were 50.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference in background characteristics (age, sex) of the of study and control groups. There was no statistically significant difference when the tympanic membrane retraction or middle ear pressure is taken into account. But significant difference found in the parameters like middle ear compliance (68% children have low compliance in the study group vs 20% in control, with df= 1, ϰ2 = 11.688 and p value was 0.001) and tympanogram curve type (48% in study group have B or C type and 8% have such in control group).
Conclusion
Early diagnosis of the middle ear dysfunction among the children with upper respiratory infection, by clinical examination and suitable audiological investigation in the pre-clinical stage with appropriate intervention can prevent further progression of the disease, causing hearing loss as well as retraction pocket formation.
Preoperative Systemic Tranexamic Acid in Tonsillectomy and Adeno-tonsillectomy: A Relevant Underrated Outcome
Authors: Nalamate Rajarajeswari , J Jishana , Kurien Mary , Koshy Sajeiv , Zachariah Mamie 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Tranexamic acid, a synthetic anti-fibrinolytic plasminogen inhibitor, a relatively safe drug, is reported to reduce bleeding in various surgical procedures. Our study was to identify the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing intraoperative bleeding during tonsillectomy and adeno-tonsillectomy, a common paediatric ENT surgery done as day care procedure.
Materials and Methods
A randomised, placebo controlled, double blinded trial was undertaken with consecutive patients undergoing above procedures, sample size being 100, with 50 patients in each arm. Post induction, injection tranexamic acid 15mg /kg body weight and saline was given to the test and control group respectively. Intraoperative bleeding was measured and operating time was also noted.
Results
There were 80 participants, with 41 and 39 patients in treatment and placebo group respectively ranging from 4 to 32 years age. There was no significant difference in the amount of blood loss between the two groups. However, the duration of surgery was significantly lowered in tranexamic acid as compared to placebo group (p = 0.008).
Conclusions
Preoperative use of tranexamic acid in tonsillectomy or adeno-tonsillectomy, significantly reduced operating time though no significant reduction of intra or postoperative bleeding was noted. This previously unreported outcome has surgical implication, especially in children, for possible use of this widely accepted safe drug during these procedures.
Retroviral Disease and Smoking – A Sinister Combination causing Hyperkeratotic Laryngeal Papilloma
Authors: M B Bharathi , B S Rakesh , Unisa Thanzeem , S Kavya 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Otorhinolaryngologic manifestations account for almost 80% of the various manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, of which Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) associated laryngeal papilloma and laryngeal malignancy are the most common pertaining to larynx.
Case Report
A 55year old male patient on Antiretroviral treatment since 10 years who was a chronic smoker, presented with difficulty in breathing and hoarseness of voice. Flexible laryngoscopy revealed a white, horny, wide based keratotic lesion completely covering rima glottidis resulting in obstruction of airway and stridor. Tracheostomy was done followed by endoscopic excision of the lesion. Histopathologic examination showed features of hyperkeratotic papilloma and lesion was tested negative for HPV.
Discussion
We report this case to emphasize on the differential diagnosis of laryngeal papillomatous lesion. A hyperkeratotic papilloma, with a dual aetiology of retroviral disease and smoking, presenting with stridor, the lesion being negative for HPV infection makes it uncommon from other laryngeal lesions.
APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROYECTOS, UNA PROPUESTA PARA MEJORAR EL APRENDIZAJE AUTORREGULADO EN ESTUDIANTES DE SECUNDARIA DE UNA INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA, PIURA 2020
Authors: Vélez Guaylupo Jessica Alcira , Zapata Ancajima Juan Carlos , Pacherres Valladares María Elena , Tumi Antón Blas Enrique 
Published: March 2022

El aprendizaje autorregulado permite que los estudiantes activen sus procesos cognitivos para el desarrollo de capacidades que requieren regular emociones, conocimientos y comportamientos académicos, para adquirir nuevos saberes. Este estudio propone un diseño de programa ABPr, para mejorar el aprendizaje autorregulado en estudiantes de secundaria de una institución educativa. La metodología aplicada está fundamentada bajo un paradigma positivista, de carácter descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo y diseño no experimental. La técnica de recolección de datos es la encuesta y el instrumento aplicado, el cuestionario. La población estuvo constituida por 768 estudiantes y la muestra seleccionada fueron 133 estudiantes de 5° de secundaria. Los resultados indican que el 45.9% se ubicó en el nivel Medio, mientras que el 33.1% alcanzó el nivel Bajo. En las dimensiones del aprendizaje autorregulado, las estudiantes obtuvieron un nivel Bajo en las dimensiones planificación, evaluación y contexto, mientras que en motivación y cognición se ubicaron en el nivel Medio. Concluyendo, la necesidad de intervención mediante una propuesta de programa del ABPr para que las estudiantes logren mejorar el aprendizaje autorregulado y gestionar su autonomía y eficacia.
ABSTRACTSelf-regulated learning allows students to activate their cognitive processes for the development of capacities that require regular emotions, knowledge and academic behaviors, to acquire new knowledge. This study proposes a PBL program design, to improve self-regulated learning in high school students of a educational institution. The applied methodology is based on a positivist paradigm, of a descriptive nature, with a quantitative approach and non-experimental design. The data collection technique is the survey and the instrument applied, the questionnaire. The population consisted of 768 students and the selected sample was 133 students from 5th grade secondary. The results indicate that 45.9% were located at the Medium level, while 33.1% reached the Low level. In the dimensions of self-regulated learning, the students obtained a low level in the dimensions planning, evaluation and context, while in motivation and cognition were located at the Medium level. Concluding, the need to intervention through a PBL program proposal so that the students manage to improve self-regulated learning and manage their autonomy and efficiency.
Pengaruh Bermain Terapeutik Dalam Menurunkan Tingkat Kecemasan Hospitalisasi Anak Toddler Di RSU HKBP Balige
Authors: Sitorus Jenti 
Published: March 2022

Hospitalisasi merupakan permasalahan pokok dunia kesehatananak yang menimbulkan kecemasan sehingga mempengaruhi proses perjalanan penyakit anak.Respon kecemasan setiap anak berbeda tergantung dari tahap tumbuh kembang anak, namun respon kecemasan anak usia toddler lebih menonjol dibandingkan usia lainnya. Salah satuintervensiperawatdalam menurunkan kecemasan hospitalisasi anak adalah bermainterapeutik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bermain terapeutik dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan hospitalisasi anak toddler (1-3 tahun). Penelitian Experimental Design, Pre-Test and Post-Test One Group Design. Sampel sebanyak 20 responden. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara pengisian lembar kuesioner berupa checklist yang telah diuji validatasnya yang dilakukan pada Desember 2016 hingga September 2017. Hasil rata-rata pre-test adalah 66,50 dan post-test adalah 58,50 yang mana sebesar 50% (10 responden)yang mengalami kecemasan berat menurun setelah post-test yaitu sebesar 0,5% (1 responden). Hasil uji T_Test diperoleh ada pengaruh bermain terapeutik dalam penurunan tingkat kecemasan hospitalisasi anak toddler (P-Value 0,000 < ? 0,05). Bermain terapeutik mampu menurunkan kecemasan hospitalisasi anak, sebaiknya permainan disediakan lebih variatif dan menarik sesuai dengan tahap tumbuh kembang anak serta memaksimalkan peran orang tua dan perawat terhadap pelaksanaan bermain terapeutik pada anak toddler selama hospitalisasi.
IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICY FOR HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS GOODS IN THE EFFORT TO ACHIEVE THE SAFETY AND SECURITY OF RO-RO SHIPS IN TANJUNG SILVER UTAMA KESYAHBANDARAN
Authors: Rifai  , Lilik E Mas Roro , Suhardono Edi 
Published: March 2022

North Jamrud Terminal, Tanjung Perak Port, Surabaya, has an operating function to accommodate passengers who will carry out embarkation/debarkation activities and coordinate vehicles that will get on or off the ship. Some of the areas that are the destination and origin of shipping services at the Gapura Surya Nusantara Passenger Terminal include Banjarmasin, Makasar, Maumere, Batulicin, Tanjung Priok, Benoa, Sampit, Kumai, Balikpapan, Waingapu, Sorong, Manokwari, Ende and several other cities.
The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of the Pilot Assessment and Vessel Verification Policy as a Guiding Assistance Facility at the Tanjung Perak Surabaya Main Harbormaster Office to the supporting and supporting factors.,
This qualitative research explores Policy, Handling of Dangerous Goods, Safety and Security of RO-RO (Roll On-Roll Off) Ships using Van Mater and Van Horn's theory of policy implementation. Collecting data in this study using interviews, documentation and observation. The results obtained are then collected, reduced, presented and conclusions drawn.
The results obtained are RO-RO (Roll On Roll Off) Ship Transportation is very much needed by all people in various parts of Indonesia, but in its operation there are still many obstacles that must be aware of. Starting from the results of the investigation by the KNKT (National Committee for Transportation Safety) the RO-RO (Roll On-Roll Off) ship accident caught fire from the Tanjung Perak Port, Surabaya in the middle of the sea, from 2011 to 2019 as many as 5 ships indicated that they came from loaded trucks contained cargo of dangerous goods. Due to weak supervision of cargo of dangerous goods due to inadequate facilities and infrastructure, namely not having an early detection device (Xray), making it difficult for officers. Regarding the problem of the policy of handling dangerous goods cargo at the Tanjung Perak Main Harbor, it seems that it is not fully implemented, so that if it refers to the Van Metter and Van Horn theories, that the current conditions are policies for handling dangerous goods cargoes in an effort to realize the safety and security of RO-Ships. RO (Roll On-Roll Off) has not been fulfilled properly.
Keywords: Policy, Handling, Cargo, Goods, Dangerous.
Sistema de control interno y su influencia en la rentabilidad de la empresa “Mi negocio E.I.R.L”, Perú
Authors: Fonseca Pérez Mayda Thalía 
Published: March 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo Determinar la influencia de un Sistema de control interno en la rentabilidad. Investigación de tipo aplicada y diseño no experimental. La población estuvo compuesta por 30 empleados, a los cuales se les aplicó un cuestionario con base en escala de cinco niveles de medición. Los resultados demuestran que existen diferencias significativas (p<0,05) en los niveles de control interno sobre la influencia en la rentabilidad, donde predomina en mayor porcentaje el nivel de control interno deficiente (70.0%) y con bajo porcentaje el nivel de Control interno eficiente (30.0%) resultados que son estadísticamente significativos, con un nivel de significancia de 0,028 lo que indica un 95.0% de confiabilidad, según la aplicación de la prueba estadística Chi-Cuadrado para la bondad de ajuste, concluyendo que el Sistema de control interno influye de manera positiva en la rentabilidad, debido a que se encontró una baja en la rentabilidad comparándolo con el año anterior, debido al deficiente Control interno, para ello se propuso un Sistema de Control Interno que mejorará la rentabilidad de la empresa Mi Negocio EIRL.
Utilizing Nanotechnology to Solve Drilling Problems in Iraqi Oil Fields
Authors: Hamza Sarah hakim , Mahmood Nazik N. , Mohammed Sinan I. , Khaleel Shatha F. 
Published: March 2022

Nanotechnology is a recent technology which is used in all industry sectors. In the oil and gas industry, this technology is commonly used due to its importance in solving the problems encountered while drilling operations and production stages. Nanotechnology can be used to improve the drilling process by adding nano-materials to drilling fluids in order to reduce drilling problems. This research is extended to previous research that published in journal of petroleum research and studies to compared the effect of nano-materials [Commercial nano-materials Multi Walled Carbone Nano Tube (MWCNT) and nano silicon oxide (SiO2) with nano-silica (rice husks, that prepared in PRDC labs) on water base drilling mud properties].
All characterization tests were achieved by the Nanotechnology and advanced materials researches center it is belongs to the University of Technology. The investigated properties of drilling mud included rheological properties and filtration. All tests are conducted according to API specifications (American Petroleum Institute).
The results show an improvement in the rheological properties (plastic viscosity, yield point, apparent viscosity and gel strength) and filtration after adding the commercial MWCNT, nano silicon dioxide(Sio2) and the prepared nano-silica (rice husks) to the water based mud. The results of plastic viscosity of MWCNT,Sio2 and nano silica(rice husks) are 12,20,8 cp after adding 0.7 gm to the water base mud while the amount of filter is 11.8 ml after adding nano particle size of MWCNT , nanoSio2 and 11.6 after adding nano silica(rice husks). The prepared nano silica (rice husks) gave results similar to the results of the commercial nano silicon dioxide (SiO2). Therefore, using of nano silica (rice husks) can be cost effective due to producing these materials locally instead of using the commercial nano SiO2.