bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simplified Roux-en-Y Reconstruction after Laparoscopic Radical Distal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Qian Yawei , Zhou Guang , Chang Feifei , Ping Xiaochun , Wang Guoliang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Although there were a variety of strategies for the alimentary tract reconstruction of patients with gastric cancer underwent laparoscopic radical distal gastrectomy, it remains controversial regarding which procedure is optimal. We developed a simple technique for Roux-en-Y reconstruction during laparoscopic surgery, and evaluated its technical feasibility and safety.Methods: Seventy-one cases of modified Roux-en-Y reconstructions after laparoscopic radical distal gastrectomy were consecutively performed in our hospital, from November 2020 to March 2022. A retrospective review of medical data was conducted. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, including operation time and incidence of postoperative complications, were collected and analyzed. Results: All procedures of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection were successfully completed without any intraoperative complication. The mean number of retrieved lymph node was 38.8 ± 10.6. Mean operative time was 223.5 ± 42.4 minutes, whereas intraoperative blood loss was 102.2 ± 96.3 ml. None postoperative mortality was recorded. Six patient (8.5%) experienced postoperative complications and were managed conservatively. In addition, only two patients (2.8%) required re-hospitalization during a median short-term follow-up period of 6 months.Conclusions: The modified method is a simple and safe approach for laparoscopic radical distal gastrectomy.
Re-envisioning Community Genetics: Community Empowerment in Preventive Genomics
Authors: Wand Hannah , Martschenko Daphne O. , Smitherman Annamaria , Michelson Sheryl , Pun Ting , Osborne Jackie , Witte John S. , Scott Stuart A. , Cho Mildred K. , Ashley Euan A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As genomic technologies rapidly develop, polygenic scores (PGS) are entering into a growing conversation on how to improve precision in public health and prevent chronic disease. However, although the integration of PGS into public health clinical services raises potential benefits, it also introduces potential harms. In particular, there is a high level of uncertainty about how to incorporate PGS into clinical settings in a manner that is equitable, just, and aligned with the long-term goals of most healthcare systems to support person-centered and value-based care. This paper argues that any conversation about whether and how to design and implement PGS clinical services requires dynamic engagement with local communities, patients, and families. These parties often face the consequences, both positive and negative, of such uncertainties and should therefore drive clinical translation. As a collaborative effort between hospital stakeholders, community partners, and researchers, this paper describes a community-empowered co-design process for addressing uncertainty and making programmatic decisions about the implementation of PGS into clinical services. We provide a framework for others interested in designing clinical programs that are responsive to, and inclusive and respectful of, local communities.
Low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios predict favorable outcomes after endovascular treatment in acute basilar artery occlusion
Authors: Yang Jie , Kong Weilin , Song Jiaxing , Huang Jiacheng , Guo Changwei , Xie Dongjing , Yue Chengsong , Hu Jinrong , Luo Weidong , Liu Shuai , Li Fengli , Zi Wenjie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Recently, the BAOCHE trial and ATTENTION trial registry have demonstrated the efficacy of endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO), however, the proportion of patients with favorable post-EVT outcomes remains low. The present study aimed to investigate the individual and joint prognostic values of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with acute BAO who have undergone EVT.Methods: We enrolled patients who underwent EVT from the BASILAR registry. Patients were divided into the following groups based on their modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days: favorable-outcome (mRS score: 0–3) and poor-outcome (mRS score: 4–6) groups. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to analyze the association of NLR and PLR with favorable post-EVT outcomes.Results: In total, 585 patients with EVT were recruited. Of these, 189 and 396 patients were in the favorable-outcome and poor-outcome groups, respectively. According to the multivariable logistic regression analyses, both NLR (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.950; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.920–0.981; P = 0.002) and PLR (aOR, 0.997; 95% CI, 0.995–0.999; P = 0.002) were related to favorable post-EVT outcomes in patients with acute BAO. The optimal cutoff values for the NLR and PLR were 7.75 and 191, respectively. Furthermore, stratified analysis using the multivariable logistic regression model revealed that both NLR and PLR (NLR values ≥7.75 and PLR values ≥191) were associated with a low rate of favorable outcomes (aOR, 0.292; 95% CI, 0.173–0.494; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Low NLR and PLR were both associated with favorable post-EVT outcomes in patients with acute BAO. Furthermore, the combined value of both inflammatory markers is potentially reliable in predicting clinical post-EVT outcomes.
Physical Activity Levels and Energy Intake According to the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Single-household Elderly in Korea: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016‒2018
Authors: Sung Eun-Sook , Park Jonghoon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Exercise and dietary and nutritional intake affect the risk and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in elderly people, effects that may differ according to sex in elderly single households (ESH). This study aimed to analyze the differences in physical activity (PA) levels and energy intake according to sex and prevalence of MetS among elderly people in Korea to investigate the relationships between these factors. Methods: Data from 893 elderly individuals (aged >65 years) were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016‒2018). We analyzed PA levels (occupational and recreational PA and place movement) and energy intake (EI; total, carbohydrate, protein, and fat), and found that there were sex differences in both according to the presence or absence of MetS in ESH.Results: Among both males and females, the MetS group had a significantly lower recreational moderate PA than the non-MetS group. However, total PA in males was significantly higher in the non-MetS than in the MetS group, but there was no significant difference in females. Furthermore, the EI of females did not differ in the presence or absence of MetS, except for fat intake, and in the nutritional intake of ESH in males, no difference was found in the presence or absence of MetS.Conclusions: Therefore, although no major problem was found in the EI of ESH in the MetS group, an increase in PA level appeared to be a more important factor in preventing MetS. Male ESH require interventions that increase PA, while female ESH require nutrition interventions that increase and balance PA. Therefore, a new program is needed that promotes continuous interest and healthy lifestyles in consideration of the characteristics of ESH.
Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Neural Tube Defect at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, North Shewa, Ethiopia. A Hospital Based Case Control Study
Authors: Mulu Abay , Bezabh Samuel , Kindie Zerihun , Teshome Yossef , Bayu Fikre 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: - Birth defects are congenital anomalies that are present at birth of the neonate, and can be structural, functional, or metabolic. Structural birth defects are those that affect the development of body part. Failure of the neural tube to close at different regions result in positional variations of neural tube defects (NTDs). It is caused through multifactorial disorders, arising from a complex combination of genetic determinants and environmental factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the maternal risk factor associated with NTDs among pregnant outcome in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, North Shewa, Ethiopia.Methods: - Hospital based unmatched case control study was conducted among 50 cases and 100 controls for associated risk factors of NTDs. The study was carried out at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital from August 30/2017 to August 30/2019. The data was checked for completeness and consistencies, and cleaned, coded and entered using Epi data version 4.2 and was exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 20 for analysis. Variables having p<0.05 was consider as statistically significant.Results: - In this study 50 cases and 100 controls were employed. Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal age, <20 (p=0.046), maternal age 31-35 (p=0.028), no education (p=0.014), family history of NTDs (p=0.034), history of multiparous (p=0.002), history of abortion (p=0.024) and still birth (p=0.009), No ANC follow up, unplanned pregnancy (p=0.000), history of medical illness (p=0.001), hyperthermia (p=0.000), used antipyretics drugs (p=0.002), Never use of folic acid and oral contraceptive use (p=0.001), exposure to smoking (p=0.001) and pesticides (p=0.000), and use of local alcohol (p=0.000) had significant association with NTDs.Conclusions: - Family history of NTDs, coffee and alcohol consumption, maternal no education, maternal hyperthermia and disease, maternal antipyretic use, maternal age <20 and 31-35, exposure to pesticides and smoking were associated with the increasing the risk of NTDs. Comprehensive preventive strategies focused on the identified risk factors should be established and early preconceptional maternal screening for genetic factors and medical illness as well as preconceptional folic acid supplementation are the effective possible approaches to bring about the required reduction in NTDs.
Formulation development and evaluation of Therapeutic Contact lens loaded with Ganciclovir
Authors: Harsolekar Mohit , Ansari Mudassir , Supe Shibani , Singh Kavita 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Soft contact lenses have been demonstrated as a promising tool for ocular drug delivery. In the present investigation ganciclovir (GAN) loaded microparticles dispersed in hydrogel-based contact lenses were fabricated to achieve prolonged release and improved permeation of GAN across corneal epithelium.
Methods
GAN-Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) microparticles were prepared by solvent evaporation method and evaluated for entrapment efficiency, drug content and drug release. The Polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate (pHEMA) contact lenses were synthesized by free radical polymerization reaction using crosslinkers like ethylene glycoldimethacrylate and photoinitiator such as IRGACURE 1173®, in UVB light, λ 365 nm. The GAN-HPMC microparticles when incorporated into the premonomer mixture and polymerized together give rise to a particle dispersion system in the hydrogel contact lenses. The contact lenses were studied for surface morphology, transmittance, swelling, drug release, Na + ion permeability and hens egg test chorioallantoic membrane assay (HETCAM).
Results
Hydrogel contact lens exhibited satisfactory surface morphology, transmittance, swelling, Na + ion permeability (3.72x106 mm2/min) and a release of 48 hours suggesting a potential for prolonged ocular drug delivery. Furthermore, HETCAM exhibited no signs of ocular irritation.
Conclusion
The developed delivery platform is a promising alternative to conventional dosage forms like eye drops, suspensions and ointments due to its increase in the residence time attributed to its prolonged release profile. Hence, drug delivery by hydrogel-based contact lens decreases the systemic effects of the drugs which are meant for local action, thus, enhances the therapeutic use by improving the patient compliance.
Novel anthocyanin electrospun film by caffeic acid co-pigmentation for real-time fish freshness monitoring
Authors: He Hongmei , Song Yudong , Li Meini , Zhang Hao , Li Jiali , Huang Hui , Li Yongxin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Intelligent and efficient food freshness indicators（FFI）are important. In this work, the FFI for real-time fish freshness monitoring was fabricated by electrospinning with polyacrylonitrile as polymer, blueberry anthocyanins as indicator, and caffeic acid as a co-pigment. The color of nanofiber film changed in the presence of alkaline gas, and this was because the volatile ammonia combined with water to form NH3·H2O, then NH3·H2O were hydrolyzed to form OH- and NH4+. The color of polyacrylonitrile-anthocyanins nanofiber films was caused by OH-. Comparing to the polyacrylonitrile-anthocyanins film without caffeic acid, the polyacrylonitrile-anthocyanins-caffeic acid film had enhanced significantly ammonia responsiveness with total color difference values of 29.897. And it was also observed that the addition of caffeic acid obviously improved the storage stability. When using polyacrylonitrile-anthocyanin-caffeic acid film to detect fish freshness, the color change (pink, light purple, dark purple) can be clearly seen with the naked eye, which was closely related to the change of volatile base nitrogen. This study provided a reference for detecting food freshness using co-pigmentation and electrospinning encapsulation technology in combination.
CRISPR-Cas9 Editing of TLR4 to Improve the Outcome of Cardiac Cell Therapy
Authors: Schary Yeshai , Rotem Itai , Caller Tall , Lewis Nir , Shaihov-Teper Olga , Brzezinski Refael Y. , Lendengolts Daria , Naftali-Shani Nili , Raanani Ehud , Sternik Leonid , Leor Jonathan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Inflammation and fibrosis limit the reparative properties of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). We hypothesized that disrupting the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene would switch hMSCs toward a reparative phenotype and improve the outcome of cell therapy for infarct repair. Methods and results: We developed and optimized a new electroporation protocol for CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. This protocol achieved a 68% success rate when applied to isolated hMSCs from the heart and epicardial fat of patients with ischemic heart disease. While cell editing lowered TLR4 expression in hMSCs, it did not affect classical markers of hMSCs, proliferation, and migration rate. Protein mass spectrometry analysis revealed that edited cells secreted fewer proteins involved in inflammation. Analysis of biological processes revealed that TLR4 editing reduced processes linked to inflammation and extracellular organization. Furthermore, edited cells expressed less NF-ƙB and secreted lower amounts of extracellular vesicles, pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines than unedited hMSCs. Cell therapy with both edited and unedited hMSCs improved survival, left ventricular (LV) remodeling, and cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Postmortem histologic analysis revealed clusters of edited cells that survived in the scar tissue 28 days after MI. Morphometric analysis showed that implantation of edited cells increased the area of myocardial islands in the scar tissue, reduced the occurrence of transmural scar, increased scar thickness, and decreased expansion index. Conclusions: We show, for the first time, that CRISPR-Cas9-based disruption of the TLR4-gene reduces pro-inflammatory polarization of hMSCs, and improves infarct healing and remodeling in mice. Our results provide a new approach to improve the outcomes of cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
Impact of Covid-19 on Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery: A National Survey
Authors: Parray Amir M , Chaudhari Vikram A , Bhandare Manish Suresh , Madhabananda K , Muduly Dilip K , S Sudhindran , Mathews Johns , R Pradeep , R Subramanyeshwar , K Amal , C Debashish , R Jitender , Pandey Durgatosh , Prem Amar , P Prasanth , Kalayarasan Raja , TP Elamurugan , Kantharia Chetan , Pujari Sharvari , H Ramesh , P Somashekhar S , Fernandes Aaron , Saxena Rajan , Singh Rajneesh K , Lattoo Mohd R , Shah Omar J , S Jeswanth , Roy Manas , Thambudorai Robin , Shrikhande Shailesh V 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To understand the actual impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and frame the future strategies, we conducted a pan India survey to study the impact on the surgical management of gastrointestinal cancers.Methods: A national multicentre survey in the form of a questionnaire from 16 tertiary care gastrointestinal oncology centres across India was conducted from January 2019 to June 2021 that was divided into a 15-month pre-Covid era and a similar period of active Covid pandemic era.Results: There was significant disruption of services; 13 (81%) centres worked as dedicated Covid care centres and 43% reported suspension of essential care for more than 6 months. In active Covid phase there was a 14.5% decrease in registrations and proportion of decrease was highest in the centres from South zone (22%). There was decrease in resections across all organ systems; maximum reduction was noted in hepatic resections (33%) followed by esophageal and gastric resections (31 and 25% respectively). There was minimal decrease in colorectal resections (5%). A total of 584 (7.1%) patients had either active Covid-19 infection or developed infection in the post-operative period or had recovered from Covid-19 infection. Only 3(18%) centres reported higher morbidity, while rest of the centres reported similar or lower morbidity rates when compared to pre-Covid phase; however 6 (37%) centres reported slightly higher mortality in the active Covid phase.Conclusion: Covid -19 pandemic resulted in significant reduction is new cancer registrations and elective gastrointestinal cancer surgeries. Perioperative morbidity remained similar despite 7.1% perioperative Covid -19 exposure.
The Evaluation Results of Proposed Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Tests for COVID-19: Some Possible Factors Might Influence
Authors: Juniastuti Juniastuti , Furqoni Abdul Hadi , Amin Mochamad , Restifan Yanna Debby , Putri Serius , Ferandra Virginia Ayu , Lusida Maria Inge 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: In addition to existing gold standard qRT-PCR methods, it needs to develop reliable rapid tests for infection control with early notification of COVID-19 cases to enable effective outbreak management. We evaluated the validity of the three Ag-RDT kits proposed by some companies in different countries by using qRT-PCR and analyzed its results. Methods: Each of the three Ag-RDT kits (namely A, B, C) was tested with 90 samples, consisting of samples with Ct ≤ 25, samples with Ct > 25, and negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR samples. Results: This study showed that for samples with Ct >25, all the three kits could not detect SARS-CoV-2 Ag (0% sensitivity) but they showed 100% specificity. Meanwhile, for samples with Ct ≤ 25, the kit C was the best (76.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity). The PPV of the three kits was 100%, but their NPV ranged 63% - 84.8%. The kit C showed the best accuracy (89.9%). Some factors might influence the results of evaluation such as variation of virus proteins and transportation-storage of the kits.Conclusion: The overall specificity of the three kits for all samples was high, however all of them have not met the minimum performance requirements of ≥ 80% sensitivity for samples with Ct ≤ 25. The validation test is very necessary to be carried out by the authority in national healthcare to ensure the feasibility of the kit for POCT of COVID-19. Some factors that might influence should be anticipated to increase their sensitivities and specificities.
Study of recent epizootic situation: evidence of insufficient genetic data and lack of regular genetic research on rabies virus in the Russian Federation
Authors: Gnezdilova Larisa , Laga Vita , Marzanova Saida , Pozyabin Sergey , Yarygina Elena , Giordano Carina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Currently, there is a number of sources that are available and can be used for review and research in molecular biology and other related disciplines. Every one of them has its own data storage format, different level of redundancy, and interconnections with related or comparable databases. At the same time, each database has different means of access to information such as various search programs, software media and updates of new data. The most extensive collections of primary DNA structures and amino acid sequences are supplemented with annotated sequences that are uploaded by researchers. Thus, the analysis of data from various sources is essential for the researcher’s work. The more up-to-date data is available and the wider it is, the more accurate the analysis and productiveness of the study are. This paper on the spread of the rabies virus shows the difference between the quality and availability of epidemiological and molecular genetic data in the Russian Federation. The amount of epidemiological data within the country is sufficient, unlike molecular genetic data which is available either through personal contacts or an international database. Analysis of the genetic information available confirms that the rabies viral strains in the Russian Federation differ from those in other countries. Epizootic information has limitations and is not enough to monitor appearing viral strains which is why it is important to stimulate molecular genetic research in the Russian Federation.
Queueing Theory based Performance Analysis of Cloud based BlockChain as a Service (BaaS)
Authors: Arsalan Sheikh Muhammad Arsalan Jamil , Fahad Fahad Bin Nasir , Qazi Sameer Hashmat Qazi , Khan Bilal Muhammad Khan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Third party cloud service providers are becoming common for offering BlockChain-as-a-Service (BaaS). In this framework, incoming requests are processed by a number of stages sequentially with each service stage having different processing times. Each stage will manifest a particular component of BlockChain primitives such as digital transactions undertaken by businesses within permissioned users. This will require sophisticated steps of digital fingerprint/certificate generation, secure transaction management based on permission levels, federated consensus and transaction validation among others using distributed cryptographic techniques. Such architectures are becoming common as third-party Cloud Services will begin to offer BlockChain-as-a-Service (BaaS) for improved security for clients. BaaS will typically incorporate the M/Hypo/1/L queueing model in which incoming requests are Poisson distributed, processing times are hypo-exponential and having finite buffers. Our main contributions in this paper are: (i) To develop a realistic Queueing based performance model of BaaS over third party cloud service provider; (ii) to develop rigorous mathematical analysis to estimate the model parameters such as calculating system idleness, system utilization, queue waiting times, and the number of occupants in the system and queue; (iii) Furthermore, our model helps to estimate real-time Service Level Agreement (SLA) criteria such as through-put, response time, and request drop as a function of system security implemented through mining stage.