bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural response assessment of ultra‐high performance concrete shear walls under cyclic lateral loads
Authors: Kulkarni Abhijit , Shafei Behrouz , Epackachi Siamak 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUltra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) is an emerging class of cementitious materials with the strength and durability characteristics that far exceed those of normal‐strength concrete (NSC). While the use of UHPC in bridge structures has significantly advanced, the same cannot be stated for building structures. Among possible building applications, this study focuses on the use of UHPC in shear walls, where a significant loading demand is anticipated from the lateral loads due to wind and/or earthquake events. Upon validating a set of finite‐element models with the experimental test results, a holistic investigation has been performed in the current study to evaluate a variety of UHPC shear walls. In particular, the main structural response measures, including initial stiffness, force‐displacement relationship, and strength loss under cyclic lateral loads, have been extracted and compared. The study has been then extended to systematically investigate the effects of key design variables, such as wall thickness, aspect ratio, axial force, steel reinforcement, presence of boundary elements, and strength of embedded steel bars. The outcome of this study provides the building sector with firsthand information regarding the possibility of replacing NSC with UHPC in shear walls. This will be an important step forward to improve the safety and performance of building structures, especially where they are exposed to a high risk of wind and/or earthquake hazards.
Den Patienten wirklich verstehen lernen: Real-world-Evidenz aus der „patient journey“
Authors: Zyumbileva Petya , Uebe Maria , Rudolph Stefanie , von Kalle Christof 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die COVID-19-Pandemie („coronavirus disease 2019“) hat die Bedeutung von Real World Data (RWD) im klinischen Alltag unterstrichen und die fatalen Folgen von längst existierenden Problemen wie Lücken in der Primärdatenerfassung, Hürden bei der Auswertung von Patientendaten sowie erschwertem Patientendatenaustausch zwischen verschiedenen Einrichtungen nochmal deutlich gemacht. Darüber hinaus haben Entwicklungen weg von einem paternalistischen hin zu einem partnerschaftlichen Modell der Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung sowie die zunehmende Digitalisierung unser Verständnis von Gesundheitsversorgung geprägt, das Thema der Patientenautonomie und Selbstwirksamkeit in den Vordergrund gebracht und den Bedarf an innovativen, patientenzentrierten Lösungsansätzen verdeutlicht.

Methoden
Wir nutzen die „patient journey“ als theoretisches Konstrukt, entlang dessen wir die Sammlung von verschiedenen Typen von RWD, ihre Bedeutung und Umgang damit beschreiben.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Abbildung der „patient journey“ in Verbindung mit der Nutzung eines einheitlichen Datenstandards kann zur Erfassung von Primärdaten im Gesundheitswesen führen, die von allen medizinischen Behandlungseinrichtungen genutzt werden können. Dies wird den Austausch von Daten zwischen Einrichtungen erleichtern. Darüber hinaus könnte die fortlaufende Auswertung von patientenberichteten Ereignissen als Standard in der klinischen Routine die Patientenautonomie stärken und die Behandlung optimieren. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass der Behandlungserfolg, das Gesamtüberleben und das Wohlbefinden der Patienten durch die Schaffung einer gemeinsamen Datensprache und eines ganzheitlichen, menschenzentrierten Ansatzes verbessert werden können.
On Visuals and Selling the Promise of Sexual Plaisir and Pleasure in Abidjan
Authors: Diabate Naminata 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiabate examines images and news reports about rampant sexual permissiveness in Abidjan and its online environs. Attention to the visual dimension of this pleasure explosion highlights the presence of homines economici. Considering buyers of aphrodisiacs or butt/breast-enhancing products not as uninformed agents, but instead as rational actors who are sensitive to images leads makers and retailers to invest in branding and marketing. Thus, these images and products of pleasure have evolved in an economy of producing, promising, purchasing, and satisfying needs. Analyzing the entanglement of visuality and economic calculus enables a move beyond the moralizing tendency in discussions of pleasure.
Factors influencing menstrual regulation and its socioeconomic inequalities among ever-married women in Bangladesh: Findings from a nationwide cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kundu Satyajit 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite a significant drop in maternal mortality in Bangladesh, unsafe abortion remains a critical maternal health issue that could be reduced by promoting menstrual regulation (MR). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of MR use among ever-married women as well as to identify the socioeconomic inequalities in MR use in Bangladesh. The latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017-18 data were used in this study. We used a sub-sample of 12,586 ever-married women aged 15 to 49 years for this study. To identify the determinants of MR, multilevel (mixed-effect) binary logistic regression analysis was used while accounting for potential between-clusters variations. The weighted prevalence of MR was 7.64% (95% CI: 7.19 - 8.12). Women of aged 20-29 years (AOR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.46, 4.30) and ≥ 30 years (AOR: 4.17, 95% CI: 2.39, 7.26), from urban areas (AOR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.47), having one or two children (AOR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.09) and ≥ 3 children (AOR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.40, 3.65), who used traditional contraceptive method (AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.73), and from Barishal division (AOR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.93) were more likely to have MR. Women were less likely to have MR if they were from Chittagong (AOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.84) and Mymensingh (AOR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.73) divisions. MR use was found to be higher among higher socioeconomic status (SES) groups as the concentration index (CIX) value was positive and the Lorenz curve lay below the line of equality (CIX: 0.095, p<0.001). Health policy and intervention design should prioritize minimizing socioeconomic inequities concerning MR services.
Majority language vocabulary and nonword repetition skills in children attending minority language immersion education
Authors: Chondrogianni Vasiliki , Judge-Clayden Florence , Butcher Morna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present study examined nonword repetition (NWR) and comprehension/production of single-word vocabulary in the majority language (English) in six- to eight-year-old English-Gaelic emergent bilingual children attending Gaelic-medium primary education (GMPE) (primary years 2 and 3). GMPE is an immersion education model found in Scotland where the minority language, Gaelic, is the language of instruction, whereas English is the majority community language, not supported in school in the first three years of primary schooling. All children spoke English as their first language (L1) and had varying exposure to the second language (L2) Gaelic outside the school setting. We investigated how individual factors, such as age and frequency of exposure, and psycholinguistic factors, such as task modality, word class (for vocabulary), frequency, length, and prosody (for NWR), influenced performance. Later exposure to Gaelic and higher nonverbal IQ were contributing predictors of performance for English vocabulary. For NWR, participants with earlier and longer exposure to Gaelic who also used both languages at home more performed significantly better on this task. These results suggest that minority language immersion education differentially affects majority language abilities; later L2 onset benefited L1 vocabulary learning, whereas earlier L2 onset boosted L1 NWR skills in these bilinguals.
Climatology of Nighttime Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances at Mid and Low Latitudes Observed by the DEMETER Satellite in the Topside Ionosphere During the Period 2005–2010
Authors: Nguyen C. T. , Berthelier J.‐J. , Petitdidier M. , Amory‐Mazaudier C. , Le Huy M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThermal ion measurements from the French Detection of Electro‐Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions micro‐satellite have been used to study the climatology of nighttime Medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) in the topside ionosphere at 650 km altitude during the 6 years of the satellite operation, from 2005 to 2010. This period encompasses the declining phase of solar cycle 23, the deep solar minimum of 2008–2009 and the early rise of solar cycle 24. MSTIDs were detected from the quasi‐periodic variations of the density of the dominant ionospheric O+ ions. Mostly present between ∼15° and ∼40° invariant latitudes with a small number of events in equatorial regions, the MSTIDs exhibit, on the average, larger occurrence rates in the Southern hemisphere with a peak in the Eastern Pacific‐South America longitude sector. The dependence of MSTID activity on solar activity appears more complex than the previously reported simple anti‐correlation. In addition to year‐to‐year variations, our study has, in particular, put in evidence a noticeable hemispheric asymmetry in the seasonal variations during the deep solar minimum of 2008–2009. These statistical observations provide a remarkable observational support to the key role of sporadic Es layers and the conjugate mapping of the associated electric fields. Yet, improved theoretical and numerical models, taking into account the actual inter‐hemispheric differences of the seasonal and solar activity variations of thermospheric and ionospheric processes, are needed for a better understanding of the highly complex MSTID phenomena.
A Computationally Efficient Method for Estimating Multi‐Model Process Sensitivity Index
Authors: Dai Heng , Zhang Fangqiang , Ye Ming , Guadagnini Alberto , Liu Qi , Hu Bill , Yuan Songhu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIdentification of important processes of a hydrologic system is critical for improving process‐based hydrologic modeling. To identify important processes while jointly considering parametric and model uncertainty, Dai et al. (2017), https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019715, developed a multi‐model process sensitivity index. Numerical evaluation of the index using a brute force Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is computationally expensive, because it requires a nested structure of parameter sampling and the number of model simulations is on the order of (N being the number of parameter samples). To reduce computational cost, we develop a new method (here denoted as quasi‐MC for brevity) that uses triple sets of parameter samples (generated using quasi‐MC sequence) to remove the nested structure of parameter sampling in a theoretically rigorous way. The quasi‐MC method reduces the number of model simulations from the order of to 2N. The performance of the method is assessed against the brute force MC approach and the recent binning method developed by Dai et al. (2017), https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019715, through two synthetic cases of groundwater flow and solute transport modeling. Due to its rigorous theoretical foundation, the quasi‐MC method overcomes the limitations imposed by the inherently empirical nature of the binning method. We find that the quasi‐MC method outperforms both the brute force MC and the binning method in terms of computational requirements and theoretical aspects, thus strengthening its potential for the assessment of process sensitivity indices subject to various sources of uncertainty.
Transcriptional signatures of wheat inflorescence development
Authors: VanGessel Carl , Hamilton James , Tabbita Facundo , Dubcovsky Jorge , Pearce Stephen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn order to maintain global food security, it will be necessary to increase yields of the cereal crops that provide most of the calories and protein for the world’s population, which includes common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). An important wheat yield component is the number of grain-holding spikelets which form on the spike during inflorescence development. Characterizing the gene regulatory networks controlling the timing and rate of inflorescence development will facilitate the selection of natural and induced gene variants that contribute to increased spikelet number and yield. In the current study, co-expression and gene regulatory networks were assembled from a temporal wheat spike transcriptome dataset, revealing the dynamic expression profiles associated with the progression from vegetative meristem to terminal spikelet formation. Consensus co-expression networks revealed enrichment of several transcription factor families at specific developmental stages including the sequential activation of different classes of MIKC-MADS box genes. This gene regulatory network highlighted interactions among a small number of regulatory hub genes active during terminal spikelet formation. Finally, the CLAVATA and WUSCHEL gene families were investigated, revealing potential roles for TtCLE13, TtWOX2, and TtWOX7 in wheat meristem development. The hypotheses generated from these datasets and networks further our understanding of wheat inflorescence development.
Massive expansion of multiple clones in the mouse hematopoietic system long after whole-body X-irradiation
Authors: Yoshida Kengo , Satoh Yasunari , Uchimura Arikuni , Misumi Munechika , Kyoizumi Seishi , Taga Masataka , Matsuda Yukiko , Noda Asao , Kusunoki Yoichiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClonal hematopoiesis (CH) is prevalent in the elderly and associates with hematologic malignancy and cardiovascular disease. Although the risk of developing these diseases increases with radiation doses in atomic-bomb survivors, the causal relationship between radiation exposure and CH is unclear. This study investigated whether radiation exposure induces CH in mice 12–18 months after 3-Gy whole-body irradiation. We found radiation-associated increases in peripheral blood myeloid cells and red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Deep sequencing of bone marrow and non-hematopoietic tissue cells revealed recurrent somatic mutations specifically in the hematopoietic system in 11 of 12 irradiated mice but none in 6 non-irradiated mice. The irradiated mice possessed mutations with variant allele frequencies (VAFs) of > 0.02 on an average of 5.8 per mouse; mutations with VAFs of > 0.1 and/or deletion were prevalent. Examining hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in two irradiated mice revealed several mutations co-existing in the same clones and multiple independent clones that deliver 60–80% of bone marrow nuclear cells. Our results indicate development of massive CH due to radiation exposure. Moreover, we have characterized mutations in radiation-induced CH.
Contactless crystallization method of protein by a magnetic force booster
Authors: Maki Syou , Hagiwara Masayuki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe developed a new type of compact magnetic force booster by which we succeeded in crystallizing proteins (hen egg white lysozyme) while making them levitate in a solution without contacting the container. This technique is noteworthy in the practical merit that we could control the growth of crystals from the initial stage of nucleation in a magnetic field of merely a few Tesla. The shape of the booster was designed in accordance with the dynamical stability against external forces acting on the crystals. Under a stable condition, the crystals condensed spherically, and formed a “shellshaped” crystallization with a hollow interior. Our magnetic force booster has the potential for use in innovation, especially in the field of protein crystal engineering.
Gum Arabic protects the rat heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways
Authors: Gouda Eman , Babiker Fawzi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGum Arabic (GA) is a plant exudate with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. GA has shown promise in protection from and treatment of kidney failure, however, its role in the protection of the heart from ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) has not been investigated. This study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Gum Arabic (GA) in the protection of the heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Langendorff-perfused Wistar rat hearts were divided into seven groups. One group which was subjected to I/R with no other treatment served as the control group. The second group was subjected to buffer perfusion with no ischemia (sham group). The third group was perfused with GA in the absence of ischemia (sham + GA). The rest of the hearts were isolated from rats that had been treated with GA for 4 or 2 weeks in the drinking water, or GA that had been infused intravenously 2 h before sacrifice or added to perfusion buffer at reperfusion. Hemodynamics data were digitally computed; infarct size was measured using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and cardiomyocyte injury was assessed by quantifying creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzymes. The total oxidants (TOS) and antioxidants (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines levels were estimated by ELISA. GA treatment for 2 weeks, 4 weeks or 2 hours before sacrifice resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) improvement in cardiac hemodynamics and reduction in infarct size and cardiac enzyme levels compared to respective controls. However, GA administration at the time of reperfusion did not protect the hearts against I/R injury. Furthermore, GA treatment decreased the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines levels. The levels of TOS in the effluent were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and SOD levels were significantly (P < 0.05) increased by GA administration. GA protected the heart against I/R injury when administered for 2 or 4 weeks or when infused 2 hours before sacrifice. GA treatment decreased the total oxidants levels, the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 protein levels and increases SOD and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 protein levels.
Recognition of Interrupted Speech, Text, and Text-Supplemented Speech by Older Adults: Effect of Interruption Rate
Authors: Fogerty Daniel , Madorskiy Rachel , Vickery Blythe , Shafiro Valeriy 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
Studies of speech and text interruption indicate that the interruption rate influences the perceptual information available, from whole words at slow rates to subphonemic cues at faster interruptions rates. In young adults, the benefit obtained from text supplementation of speech may depend on the type of perceptual information available in either modality. Age commonly reduces temporal aspects of information processing, which may influence the benefit older adults obtain from text-supplemented speech across interruption rates.

Method:
Older adults were tested unimodally and multimodally with spoken and printed sentences that were interrupted by silence or white space at various rates.

Results:
Results demonstrate U-shaped performance-rate functions for all modality conditions, with minimal performance around interruption rates of 2–4 Hz. Comparison to previous studies with younger adults indicates overall poorer recognition for interrupted materials by the older adults. However, as a group, older adults can integrate information between the two modalities to a similar degree as younger adults. Individual differences in multimodal integration were noted.

Conclusion:
Overall, these results indicate that older adults, while demonstrating poorer overall performance in comparison to younger adults, successfully combine distributed partial information across speech and text modalities to facilitate sentence recognition.
Use of a novel handheld ultrasound device with continuous-wave doppler capability for the assessment of valvular heart disease
Authors: Sachpekidis V , Papadopoulou S L , Kantartzi V , Styliadis I , Nihoyannopoulos P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background/Introduction
Echocardiography is the primary non-invasive imaging method for the diagnosis and evaluation of valvular heart disease. Doppler echocardiography provides accurate non-invasive evaluation of valve hemodynamics. Recent technological advancements have enabled the acquisition of echocardiographic images at the point-of-care by using small handheld ultrasound devices (HUDs); their availability and relatively low cost compared to the high-end systems have made these devices attractive to use for rapid medical decision making. However, the inability to quantify flow velocity has been a major limitation for HUDs; the lack of spectral Doppler capability has so far hindered the comprehensive assessment of haemodynamic data and valve function.

Purpose
To evaluate for the first time the accuracy of a novel HUD with continuous-wave (CW) Doppler capability to measure flow velocity in valvular heart disease.

Methods
We prospectively included 56 consecutive patients who were referred to the echocardiography laboratory of a tertiary hospital. All patients were scanned with both the Kosmos HUD and the standard echocardiography cart-based system (reference standard) in a randomized order. CW Doppler measurements of maximum velocities (Vmax) were obtained from the apical five-chamber view for the aortic ejection and regurgitation and from the apical four-chamber view for the mitral and tricuspid regurgitation (presence assessed by colour Doppler), maintaining a parallel orientation between the ultrasound beam and the blood flow. All measurements were compared to assess inter-method agreement using linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis.

Results
The acquisition of CW Doppler signal using the HUD was feasible in 55 out of 56 patients (mean age 66±16 years old, 40% female). Among them, there were 31 cases of (at least mild) aortic stenosis and 23 cases of valvular regurgitation (4 aortic, 6 mitral and 13 tricuspid regurgitations). There was excellent correlation between the HUD and the cart-based system CW Doppler for the aortic Vmax measurements (r=0.99, p&lt;0.001) and for the valvular regurgitation Vmax measurements (r=0.98, p&lt;0.001). The corresponding Bland-Altman plots showed a small underestimation bias of −0.13 m/sec (p&lt;0.001), with limits of agreement ±0.41 m/sec for the aortic Vmax and −0.21 m/sec (p=0.003), with limits of agreement ±0.57 m/sec for the valvular regurgitation Vmax measurements.

Conclusion
A novel HUD with CW Doppler spectral analysis was able to provide peak jet velocity measurements comparable to the standard cart-based echocardiography systems, in patients with valvular stenosis and regurgitation. Such expanded capabilities of HUDs show clinical potential and may lead to the improvement of the assessment of valvular pathology at the point-of-care.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.