bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential effects of the Affordable Care Act on the stage at presentation and receipt of treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hao Scarlett , Mitsakos Anastasios , Popowicz Patrycja , Irish William , Snyder Rebecca A. , Parikh Alexander A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFor pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) which lacks a recommended screening modality, the benefit of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) may not be an earlier diagnosis, but rather improved rates of treatment. The objective of this study was to examine change in the stage of PDAC presentation and treatment disparities following the ACA.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of patients with primary PDAC identified in the 2004–2017 National Cancer Database was divided into pre‐ and post‐ACA, for which the primary outcomes of a stage of presentation, receipt of surgical resection, and systemic therapy (termed multimodality) (Stage I–II), and receipt of systemic therapy (Stage III–IV) were compared by multivariable analysis.Results228,015 patients were included. Odds of presenting with Stage I–II PDAC were significantly higher in 2011–2017 versus 2004–2010 (odds ratio 1.44, 95% confidence interval 1.40–1.47). Black patients with early‐stage disease had a lower likelihood of multimodality therapy and those with advanced disease were less likely to receive systemic therapy, before and after the ACA. Uninsured patients were less likely to receive any therapy compared with insured patients; this disparity increased in the post‐ACA period.ConclusionsAn earlier presentation of PDAC increased following the ACA. However, racial, insurance, and socioeconomic treatment disparities persist.
Relationships among phosphatase activities, functional genes and soil properties following amendment with the bacterium Burkholderia sp. ZP‐4
Authors: Liu Yaohui , Bai Shahla Hosseini , Wang Dianjie , Zhang Ling , Hu Dongnan , Wen Jie , Zhang Wenyuan , Zhang Manyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhosphorus (P) limitation is common in subtropical and tropical regions. Although phosphate‐solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can transform soil P fractions and enhance soil P availability, the mechanism regarding the linkage between PSB abundance and soil P fractions transformation were still unknown. In this study, Burkholderia sp. ZP‐4, a PSB strain, was inoculated into subtropical bamboo forest soil at the inoculation rates of 0% (bacterial suspension: soil weight = v: w, the control), 2% (2%IR), 6% (6%IR) and 10% (10%IR). The changes in soil P fractions, bacterial community, phosphatase activities, P transforming functional genes and soil properties were also determined after the PSB inoculation. Compared with the control, soil inorganic P extracted by deionized water (H2O‐Pi) and extracted by sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3‐Pi) in the 6%IR treatments were increased 45.35% and 16.05%, respectively. The lowest content of residual P (residual‐P) was in the 6%IR treatment among the four treatments. The 6%IR treatment contributed to stimulating and inducing soil acid phosphatase activity and P cycling genes (phoD and phoC) abundances, relative to the control. The PSB inoculation significantly decreased soil pH but increased soil available nitrogen P supplies among all treatments. Simultaneously, the PSB inoculation also significantly changed soil bacterial community. The transformation of P fractions in the 6%IR was more efficient than the other treatments, implying that 6% is the proper inoculation rate of functional Burkholderia for accelerating P cycling at subtropical bamboo forest soil. Our findings will provide a scientific guidance for the application of biofertilizer.
Adult‐Onset Neurodegeneration in Nucleotide Excision Repair Disorders (NERDND): Time to Move Beyond the Skin
Authors: Cordts Isabell , Önder Demet , Traschütz Andreas , Kobeleva Xenia , Karin Ivan , Minnerop Martina , Koertvelyessy Peter , Biskup Saskia , Forchhammer Stephan , Binder Johannes , Tzschach Andreas , Meiss Frank , Schmidt Axel , Kreiß Martina , Cremer Kirsten , Mensah Martin A. , Park Joohyun , Rautenberg Maren , Deininger Natalie , Sturm Marc , Lingor Paul , Klopstock Thomas , Weiler Markus , Marxreiter Franz , Synofzik Matthis , Posch Christian , Sirokay Judith , Klockgether Thomas , Haack Tobias B. , Deschauer Marcus 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundVariants in genes of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway have been associated with heterogeneous clinical presentations ranging from xeroderma pigmentosum to Cockayne syndrome and trichothiodystrophy. NER deficiencies manifest with photosensitivity and skin cancer, but also developmental delay and early‐onset neurological degeneration. Adult‐onset neurological features have been reported in only a few xeroderma pigmentosum cases, all showing at least mild skin manifestations.ObjectiveThe aim of this multicenter study was to investigate the frequency and clinical features of patients with biallelic variants in NER genes who are predominantly presenting with neurological signs.MethodsIn‐house exome and genome datasets of 14,303 patients, including 3543 neurological cases, were screened for deleterious variants in NER‐related genes. Clinical workup included in‐depth neurological and dermatological assessments.ResultsWe identified 13 patients with variants in ERCC4 (n = 8), ERCC2 (n = 4), or XPA (n = 1), mostly proven biallelic, including five different recurrent and six novel variants. All individuals had adult‐onset progressive neurological deterioration with ataxia, dementia, and frequently chorea, neuropathy, and spasticity. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed profound global brain atrophy in all patients. Dermatological examination did not show any skin cancer or pronounced ultraviolet damage.ConclusionsWe introduce NERDND as adult‐onset neurodegeneration (ND) within the spectrum of autosomal recessive NER disorders (NERD). Our study demonstrates that NERDND is probably an underdiagnosed cause of neurodegeneration in adulthood and should be considered in patients with overlapping cognitive and movement abnormalities. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
A 5.91–8.94GHz phase‐locked loop in 65 nm CMOS for 5G applications
Authors: Zhou Pizeng , Li Chao , Kang Zehui , Zheng Shiyuan , Wu Liang , Xue Quan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA low‐noise fully‐integrated charge‐pump phase‐locked loop (CPPLL) for 5G applications is presented in this letter. The PLL architecture includes a phase and frequency detector (PFD), a charge pump (CP), a low‐pass filter (LPF), a voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO), and a programmable divider. To achieve low phase noise, class‐C VCO, TSPC logic, and other methods are employed in the PLL circuit design. Fabricated in 65 nm technology, the PLL measures a tuning range of 5.91–8.94 GHz. The minimum and maximum measured phase noise are −125 dBc/Hz and −116.6 dBc/Hz @1 MHz. The size of CPPLL core area is 0.8 mm by 0.95 mm without the pads while having a 50‐mW power consumption.
Broadband aperture‐coupled conducting sphere antenna
Authors: Kim Jeong P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn aperture‐coupled conducting sphere antenna is proposed, whereby a signal is fed to the antenna from a microstrip feed line via an aperture on the ground plane. Broadband characteristics are achieved by the gradual change of spacing between the ground plane and the conducting sphere. An equivalent network was developed, with its associated circuit element values extracted both analytically and numerically. Based on the results of a parameter study, an X‐band antenna was designed for broadband, low loss, and highly efficient operation. It was then fabricated to validate the design. The measured S11, showing broadband characteristics, was found to be in reasonable agreement with predictions from the numerical simulation. In addition, far‐field radiation patterns were investigated. For applications involving arrays, the coupling characteristics along the E‐ and H‐planes were also examined and compared with other antenna configurations.
An experimental investigation on impact dynamics response of woven roved glass fiber reinforced polyester laminated composites
Authors: Balasubramani Veerappan , Boopathy Sadayan Rajendra , Stalin Balasubramaniam , Kavimani Vijayananth 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research deals with the effect of stacking sequence over, the mechanical behavior of laminates that includes tensile, flexural, fractography, area of impact damage, and residual tensile strength. The angle‐ply laminate specimens were analyzed theoretically and correlated with experimental results. The highest interlaminar shear strength 32.89 MPa was exhibited by (60/30/60/30)S with better transverse stiffness of 444 N/mm. Among the developed laminates, (60/30/60/30)S showed the highest rate of residual strength degradation of 0.271. It has been found that an increase in interlaminar shear strength decreases the impact damage resistance of the composites. The angle‐ply laminate composites exhibited superior residual tensile and impact resistant properties when compared with uniply laminate composites.
Facile synthetic method for peptoids bearing multiple azoles on side chains
Authors: Lee Yen Jea , Park Soyeon , Kim Yujeong , Kim Sun Hee , Seo Jiwon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNatural metalloenzymes stabilize metal centers by utilizing multiple imidazole moieties. Inspired by nature's design principles, the introduction of multiple azoles into ligands has been an effective method for constructing transition metal complexes. Herein, we describe a post‐synthetic modification of peptoids to incorporate multiple azoles on side chains. A simple substitution reaction between an azole (imidazole, pyrazole, 1,2,3‐triazole, and tetrazole) and a chloroalkyl‐containing peptoid provided access to a variety of azole‐containing peptoids. Ten azole‐containing peptoids were synthesized from a single chloroalkyl‐containing peptoid, and the efficiency of each azole for the substitution reaction was evaluated. We have identified that several of the azole‐containing peptoids are capable of binding with Cu(II) and Fe(III). Our synthetic approach can contribute to the expansion of peptoids' chemical diversity and the development of novel peptoids for metal recognition and catalysis.
Myocarditis and pericarditis following mRNA vaccination in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease patients: A single‐center experience
Authors: Patel Shreeya , Wu Emma , Mundae Maninder , Lim Keith 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe mRNA vaccines Comirnaty (Pfizer/BioNTech) and Spikevax (Moderna) are considered safe and highly effective against SARS‐COV2. However, they are also associated with a small increased risk of pericarditis and myocarditis. There is concern about an increased risk of these complications in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRD).Case ReportWe describe three patients with pre‐existing AIRD who developed myocarditis or pericarditis shortly after receiving their first dose of the Pfizer‐BioNTech vaccine. The first case is a 31‐year‐old female with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and anti‐phospholipid syndrome (APLS) who presented 7 days after receiving the Pfizer‐BioNTech vaccine and was diagnosed with myopericarditis following a positive troponin and abnormal transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). The second case is a 29‐year‐old man with seronegative inflammatory arthritis and APLS who presented 7 days after receiving the first dose of the Pfizer‐BioNTech vaccine. His troponin and TTE were unremarkable however his ECG showed widespread ST elevation. Lastly, the third case is a 34‐year‐old man with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent pericarditis. He developed a recurrence of symptoms approximately 7 days after his Pfizer‐BioNTech vaccine and self‐commenced prednisolone at home. He had normal laboratory and radiological findings. All patients received prednisolone resulting in a quick recovery and resolution of symptoms.DiscussionIn this review we discuss the association between myocarditis, pericarditis and mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines, those who are at greatest risk and current clinical considerations. We also discuss the possible increased risk in AIRD patients and the current research supporting this.
Dampened autonomic nervous system responses to stress and substance use in adolescence
Authors: Rahal Danny , Alkon Abbey , Shirtcliff Elizabeth , Gonzales Nancy , Fuligni Andrew , Eskenazi Brenda , Deardorff Julianna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigated whether parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) responses to social‐evaluative threat at age 14 were related to the number of substances used between ages 14 and 16 among Mexican‐origin adolescents (N = 243; 70.4% had never used substances by 14). Participants completed the Trier Social Stress Test, while cardiac measures of parasympathetic and SNS activity were measured continuously using respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and pre‐ejection period (PEP), respectively. Participants reported whether they had ever used alcohol, marijuana, and cigarettes, and had ever vaped nicotine in their lifetime at ages 14 and 16. Multilevel models were used to test associations between RSA and PEP responses at age 14 and substance use at 16. Among youth who had not used substances by 14, dampened RSA and PEP responses, and profiles of greater coinhibition and lower reciprocal SNS activation between RSA and PEP, at age 14 were associated with using substances by 16. Among youth who used by 14, exaggerated PEP responses were associated with using more substances by age 16. Taken together, dampened autonomic responses to social‐evaluative threat predicted initiation of substance use over two years, and difficulties with coordination of physiological responses may confer risk for substance use in adolescence.
A dehydration kinetic model of calcium silicate hydrates at high temperature
Authors: Wang Hui , Chen Xi , Yang Sha , Caggiano Antonio , Ai Qing , Koenders Eduardus , Yuan Yong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDehydration of calcium silicate hydrates, the primary binding phase of cement paste, contributes significantly to the degradation of cementitious materials at high temperatures. Kinetics of the dehydration process is usually parameterized as the product of the classic Arrhenius equation and a kinetic expression, calibrating the influence of the temperature and the reaction degree, respectively. By means of the Exp‐function approximation, an improved kinetic expression is proposed and the differential equation is solved by utilizing the Mean‐value Theorem for integrals. The established dehydration model is validated by comparing with independent experimental measurements, concerning different heating regime and molar ratios of calcium‐to‐silicon. Both the temperature history and the calcium‐to‐silicon molar ratios influence the kinetics and the final status of the dehydration process. The established model provides access to further investigation of the microstructural evolution of heated concrete, containing supplementary cementitious materials.
Analysis of bovine postmortem condemnation data in France: Contributions from a comprehensive and standardised information system at the slaughterhouse
Authors: Collineau Eléonore , Corbière Fabien , Darnal Stéphanie , Holleville Nicolas , Salines Morgane 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe condemnation of carcases and offal unfit for human consumption is a regulatory requirement at the slaughterhouse. Condemnation data, if comprehensive and standardised, can be a valuable source of information for risk‐based inspection and decision making.MethodsThe aim of this study was to analyse postmortem condemnation data that were recorded in all bovine slaughterhouses in mainland France from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020 in a comprehensive and standardised information system. The rates of and reasons for condemnation, as well as factors influencing rate variation, were investigated through descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsThe global, total and partial condemnation rates were 4.5%, 0.7% and 3.8% for adult cattle and 1.4%, 0.3% and 1.1% for calves, respectively. Reasons for condemnation varied with the animal category; for example, the three main reasons for total condemnation in adult cattle were serous infiltration of connective tissue (49% of condemned animals), congestive peritonitis (12.2%) and fibrinous peritonitis (10.9%), whereas the top three reasons for partial condemnation were unique abscess (21.9%), haemorrhagic infiltration (20.6%) and muscular sclerosis (17.4%). Condemnation rates were influenced by animal‐related factors (sex, age, type of breed) and slaughterhouse‐related factors (status, type, slaughter volume).ConclusionOur findings could usefully contribute to the continuous improvement of the harmonisation of inspection decisions and support the risk manager's strategy in the modernisation of official controls at the slaughterhouse.
European Union Law and National Law: A Common Legal System?
Authors: Rosas Allan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEU law and the national laws of the EU Member States are closely interwoven. From a historical point of view, they form two different legal orders, but they may today be viewed as forming part of the same legal system. The chapter explains the relationship between EU law and national law by looking first at the status of EU law in national law and then at the relevance of national law to EU law. The status and impact of EU law in domestic legal systems have already received a great deal of attention in the legal doctrine, and the chapter therefore particularly focuses on the second aspect, which has to date received far less attention. The role domestic laws play at the EU level is examined here by looking at the different functions that Member State national laws have in an EU law context by examining the relevance of national material (substantive) and procedural and institutional laws at the EU level. This chapter concludes that the relationship between EU law and domestic laws is fundamentally different from the traditional dichotomy between public international law and domestic law. Member State national laws have directly impacted, and continue to impact, the substance of EU law. Furthermore, the way in which EU law instrumentalises domestic laws—in particular domestic institutional law—for its own purposes and harnesses national administrative bodies to the same end suggests that EU law and national law are best understood as forming a single complex system of multi-level governance.
Strengthening the Right to Personal Autonomy and Protection of Vulnerable Adults: from Human Rights to Domestic and European legislation on Voluntary Measures
Authors: Karjalainen Katja 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter analyzes the formation of domestic law and European law from the perspective of voluntary measures and the representation of persons whose personal faculties are impaired or insufficient. It assesses the instruments of the Council of Europe (CoE), especially Recommendation No (1999)4 and Recommendation No (2009)11, and Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). It also looks at domestic solutions and the way in which they reflect goals and objectives set at the international level. The Finnish Act on Continuing Powers of Attorney (2007) and the British Columbian Representation Agreement Act (2000) are used as illustrative case studies on how endorsing human rights can take different forms. The comparative notions employed in this chapter concern the question of who is able to carry out a voluntary measure and, thus, of how jurisdictions address impairment in existing decision-making capacity, which is one of the most intriguing questions relating to voluntary measures following the conclusion of the UNCRPD. Furthermore, the chapter notes the possibility of the European Union (EU) implementing measures in the area of law dealing with the protection of vulnerable adults and, in particular, in relation to voluntary measures. In this context, the chapter highlights the intertwined work of different international actors in the formation of laws.
Host States’ Labour Regulation in the Aftermath of International Investment Disputes: Five Levels of Impact and Interaction
Authors: Silvander Johanna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInternational law in the form of international investment agreements (IIAs) and investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) judgements provide impetus to changes in domestic labour and labour market related social regulation and policies in countries hosting foreign investment. The International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) has a leading role in defining the contents of international law in what comes to IIAs as it has administered the majority of known international investment cases and many IIAs include provisions directing investment disputes to be arbitrated through ICSID’s ad hoc tribunals. This chapter pinpoints a non-negligeable incidence of ISDS cases including labour-related claims and defenses. Irrespective of the labour related claims’ success in arbitration, the analysis finds five different levels of these cases’ impacts on domestic regulation in host states.
Ecological Sustainability Assessment of Water Distribution for the Maintenance of Ecosystems, their Services and Biodiversity
Authors: Schlattmann Anna , Neuendorf Felix , Burkhard Kremena , Probst Elisabeth , Pujades Estanislao , Mauser Wolfram , Attinger Sabine , von Haaren Christina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWater provision and distribution are subject to conflicts between users worldwide, with agriculture as a major driver of discords. Water sensitive ecosystems and their services are often impaired by man-made water shortage. Nevertheless, they are not sufficiently included in sustainability or risk assessments and neglected when it comes to distribution of available water resources. The herein presented contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG 6) and Life on Land (SDG 15) is the Ecological Sustainability Assessment of Water distribution (ESAW-tool). The ESAW-tool introduces a watershed sustainability assessment that evaluates the sustainability of the water supply-demand ratio on basin level, where domestic water use and the water requirements of ecosystems are considered as most important water users. An ecological risk assessment estimates potential impacts of agricultural depletion of renewable water resources on (ground)water-dependent ecosystems. The ESAW-tool works in standard GIS applications and is applicable in basins worldwide with a set of broadly available input data. The ESAW-tool is tested in the Danube river basin through combination of high-resolution hydro-agroecological model data (hydrological land surface process model PROMET and groundwater model OpenGeoSys) and further freely available data (water use, biodiversity and wetlands maps). Based on the results, measures for more sustainable water management can be deduced, such as increase of rainfed agriculture near vulnerable ecosystems or change of certain crops. The tool can support decision making of authorities from local to national level as well as private enterprises who want to improve the sustainability of their supply chains.