bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of the efficacy of early switching from bevacizumab to aflibercept or ranibizumab in diabetic macular edema
Authors: Ataş Mustafa , Ozsaygılı Cemal , Bayram Nurettin , Unal Sefa 
Published: November 2022

Purpose The study aimed to compare the anatomical and functional gains of switching to ranibizumab or aflibercept in eyes with treatment-naive diabetic macular edema (DME) which has an inadequate response to three consecutive bevacizumab injections. Methods This observational, retrospective, comparative study presented 12-month results of 80 patients with DME. One eye of each patient was enrolled, and bevacizumab was switched as aflibercept (40 eyes) or ranibizumab (40 eyes). DME was diagnosed based on a fundoscopic examination, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), central macular thickness (CMT), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Results Forty-one patients (51.2%) were male, and 39 (48.8%) were female, with a mean age of 62.3 ± 6.7 years. At the end of the study, the mean number of intravitreal injections was 8.1 ± 1.8 in the aflibercept group, whereas 8.9 ± 1.4 in the ranibizumab ( p = 0.091). The mean CMT decreased from 449.2 ± 69.3 µm to 311.0 ± 48.9 µm in the aflibercept group, and from 444.9 ± 109.2 µm to 316.3 ± 54.5 µm in the ranibizumab group (for both, p < 0.0001). The mean BVCA increased from 49.2 ± 11.1 ETDRS letters to 62.5 ± 9.9 in the aflibercept group ( p < 0.0001) and from 49.9 ± 12.0 ETDRS letters to 61.1 ± 9.1 in the ranibizumab group ( p < 0.0001). Macular laser treatment was required in 17.5% of the aflibercept group and 22.5% of the ranibizumab group ( p = 0.781). Conclusion Significant improvement was observed with ranibizumab and aflibercept treatments in initial bevacizumab-resistant DME. Early switching therapy may contribute to better visual and anatomical outcomes.
Cherishing the heritage language: Predictors of parental heritage language maintenance efforts
Authors: Hollebeke Ily , Dekeyser Graziela N. M. , Caira Thomas , Agirdag Orhan , Struys Esli 
Published: November 2022

Aims: Multilingual families are often challenged with the transmission of their heritage language (HL) to future generations. Departing from this observation, this study aims to investigate which factors correlate with multilingual families’ HL maintenance efforts. The variables taken into account are the families’ language policy (FLP), advice from both Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) professionals and other (informal) sources, the parents’ linguistic and educational resources, as well as their migration generation. Methodology: Exclusively quantitative in nature, the data for this study involve 776 multilingual families in the Flemish community of Belgium. Analysis: These data have subsequentially been subjected to two inferential analyses: a bivariate correlational analysis followed by a logistic regression for a more detailed understanding of the relations at play. Findings: The results indicate a positive correlation between families’ policies and their HL maintenance efforts, in addition to confirming the independence of FLP’s three components (beliefs, practices, and management). Furthermore, contrary to advice from ECCE professionals, advice from other sources is positively and significantly associated with HL maintenance efforts. Finally, families comprised of parents with access to higher linguistic and educational resources are less likely to try and pass on the HL to their children, probably favouring the acquisition of the institutional language (IL). Originality: This paper quantitatively explores factors that correlate with parental HL maintenance efforts using a large and language-diverse sample. This quantitative approach facilitates generalizations for future (qualitative) research and advice-giving bodies to build on. Significance: Our findings bring about greater insights into the motivation of parents concerning HL maintenance and could contribute to the advice given to multilingual families.
Media discourses on the socio-spatial rights of older people living with dementia and their carers
Authors: Leone Carmela , Winterton Rachel , Blackberry Irene 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Media discourses about people living with dementia and carers contribute to the ways in which public, social spaces are designed, planned, and used. Negative media discourses play an important role in the socio-spatial exclusion of people living with dementia and stigmatising and dehumanising language prevents the achievement of genuine, rights-based dementia-friendly environments. Because the media plays a powerful role in shaping public attitudes, there is a need to understand media constructions of people living with dementia and carers in relation to their socio-spatial rights, which is the aim of this paper. Method A Foucauldian-inspired discourse analysis (FDA) was conducted on the public news media texts of one regional Australian city, to identify discourses relating to the socio-spatial rights of people living with dementia and carers. Lefebvre’s (1996) ‘right to the city’ concept was used as a conceptual framework, to define socio-spatial rights. Results Analysis revealed discourses relating to the right to urban citizenship, the right to difference and socio-spatial justice. Representations of participatory democracy, important to urban citizenship, are absent, as are the voices of people living with dementia. Through advocacy from others and a lens of citizenship, socio-spatial rights for people living with dementia, and in one instance carers, are recognised, in the context of dementia-awareness and dementia-friendly initiatives. While a lens of personhood constructs people living with dementia as historical and relational beings, a citizenship lens adds a spatial dimension. Conclusions Advocacy and the lenses of personhood and citizenship are important in creating positive constructions of people living with dementia, however, their participation in decision-making processes would confer an active citizenship status, and the inclusion of their authentic voices in media discourse would contribute to raising awareness towards rights-based dementia-friendly communities.
Supportive or Hindering Physical Environments in Hospital Units Dealing With COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Bae Suyeon 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This project was designed to discover how hospital units with COVID-19 patients influenced staff’s medical practices and health conditions. Background: Although hospital environments have well-known associations with health outcomes, findings are limited in demonstrating the role of physical environments during a global pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted from three units in a university hospital and a total of 113 staff participated. They rated the impact of physical environments on staff members’ medical practice and their health conditions before and mid-pandemic. They also specified physical changes, hindering and helpful features, and future improvements in open-ended questions. Results: The perceived supportiveness of the physical environments on communication significantly dropped from before-pandemic to midpandemic, followed by mental health and feeling of connection and engagement. Separating COVID-19 patients helped staff workflow, but staff felt disconnected and had poor visibility. Conclusion: Based on painful lessons, interdisciplinary researchers, including healthcare professionals, designers, and administrators, should further collaborate to create supportive hospital environments.
The Objective Assessment of dry Nose
Authors: Meng Yifan , Jie Ying , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Luo 
Published: November 2022

Background Dry nose (DN) is a common symptom in both patients with rhinitis and healthy individuals; however, it is often overlooked. Objective This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of and propose objective diagnostic criteria for DN. Methods This study was conducted from December, 2018 to October, 2021. Patients with complaints of a dry nasal cavity and normal controls were recruited consecutively from the allergy-rhinology outpatient clinic of Beijing TongRen Hospital. Questionnaires were completed by each participant during recruitment to record demographic data. DN test strips were used to evaluate the severity of DN. The length of the strip was recorded at 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 4 min, and 5 min, respectively. Nasal secretions were collected on sponges and allergic status was assessed based on serum sage levels. Results Twenty (13 men and 7 women) patients with DN and 100 (47 men and 53 women) controls were recruited for the study. The participants’ ages ranged from 23 to 73 years (mean  =  47.7 years). Nine of the 20 DN patients were diagnosed with vasomotor rhinitis. The weight of the sponges of DN patients was significantly lower than that of controls. At the last time point (5 min), the strips in the control group were significantly longer than those in the DN group. The reference range of 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 4 min, and 5 min of controls was 3.0 mm, 6.0 mm, 10.9 mm, 13.2 mm, 16.8 mm, and 17.0 mm, respectively. Conclusions Our study indicated that the strip length less than 17.0 mm at 5 min is a valuable reference for the diagnostic of DN in Beijing.
Lentiviral gene therapy for X-linked chronic granulomatous disease recapitulates endogenousCYBBregulation and expression
Authors: Wong Ryan L. , Sackey Sarah , Brown Devin , Senadheera Shantha , Masiuk Katelyn , Quintos Jason P. , Colindres Nicole , Riggan Luke , Morgan Richard A. , Malech Harry L. , Hollis Roger P. , Kohn Donald B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractX-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the CYBB gene, resulting in the inability of phagocytic cells to eliminate infections. To design a lentiviral vector (LV) capable of recapitulating the endogenous regulation and expression of CYBB, a bioinformatics-guided approach was used to elucidate the cognate enhancer elements regulating the native CYBB gene. Using this approach, we analyzed a 600-kilobase topologically associated domain of the CYBB gene and identified endogenous enhancer elements to supplement the CYBB promoter to develop MyeloVec, a physiologically regulated LV for the treatment of X-CGD. When compared with an LV currently in clinical trials for X-CGD, MyeloVec showed improved expression, superior gene transfer to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), corrected an X-CGD mouse model leading to complete protection against Burkholderia cepacia infection, and restored healthy donor levels of antimicrobial oxidase activity in neutrophils derived from HSPCs from patients with X-CGD. Our findings validate the bioinformatics-guided design approach and have yielded a novel LV with clinical promise for the treatment of X-CGD.
Two-year effectiveness of erenumab in resistant chronic migraine: a prospective real-world analysis
Authors: Andreou Anna P. , Fuccaro Matteo , Hill Bethany , Murphy Madeleine , Caponnetto Valeria , Kilner Rachael , Lambru Giorgio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Controlled and real-world evidence have demonstrated the efficacy of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (MABs) in migraine. However, data on the over-one-year sustained effectiveness of CGRP MABs in resistant chronic migraine (CM) is sparse.

Methods
This is a two-year real-world prospective analysis of an ongoing single centre audit conducted in patients with resistant CM. Patients received monthly erenumab for six months before assessing its effectiveness. Responders were considered those who achieved at least 30% reduction in monthly migraine days (MMD) by month 6, compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes were also analysed, including changes of the Headache Impact Test version 6 (HIT-6).

Results
One hundred sixty-four patients [135 (82.3%) females; mean age 46 SD 14) years] were included in the audit and 160 patients analysed. Patients had failed a mean of 8.4 preventive treatments at baseline. At month 6, 76 patients (48%) were 30% responders to erenumab, 50 patients (31%) were 50% responders and 25 (15%) were 75% responders. The mean reduction in MMD at month 6 was 7.5 days compared to baseline (P < 0.001). At month 12 and month 18, 61 patients (38%) and 52 patients (33%) remained 30% responders respectively. At month 24, 36 patients (23%) remained 30% responders, 25 patients (16%) and 13 patients (8%) were respectively 50% and 75% responders. Compared to 95% of patients at baseline, at months 6, 12 and 24, 46%, 29% and 16% of responders respectively had severe disability. At least one adverse event at month 6, 12, 18 and 24 was reported by 49%, 19%, 11% and 3% of patients. By month 6, 13% of patients discontinued the treatment because of side effects, often constipation.

Conclusions
Long-term sustained effectiveness of erenumab was reported only by a minority of resistant CM patients. Although more research in resistant migraine is needed, Erenumab can provide long-term meaningful reduction in migraine load and migraine-related disability in some patients.
Morphospecies and molecular diversity of ‘lace corals’: the genus Reteporella (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida) in the central North Atlantic Azores Archipelago
Authors: Baptista Lara , Berning Björn , Curto Manuel , Waeschenbach Andrea , Meimberg Harald , Santos António M. , Ávila Sérgio P. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
As in most bryozoans, taxonomy and systematics of species in the genus Reteporella Busk, 1884 (family Phidoloporidae) has hitherto almost exclusively been based on morphological characters. From the central North Atlantic Azores Archipelago, nine Reteporella species have historically been reported, none of which have as yet been revised. Aiming to characterise the diversity and biogeographic distribution of Azorean Reteporella species, phylogenetic reconstructions were conducted on a dataset of 103 Azorean Reteporella specimens, based on the markers cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1, small and large ribosomal RNA subunits. Morphological identification was based on scanning electron microscopy and complemented the molecular inferences.

Results
Our results reveal two genetically distinct Azorean Reteporella clades, paraphyletic to eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean taxa. Moreover, an overall concordance between morphological and molecular species can be shown, and the actual bryozoan diversity in the Azores is greater than previously acknowledged as the dataset comprises three historically reported species and four putative new taxa, all of which are likely to be endemic. The inclusion of Mediterranean Reteporella specimens also revealed new species in the Adriatic and Ligurian Sea, whilst the inclusion of additional phidoloporid taxa hints at the non-monophyly of the genus Reteporella.

Conclusion
Being the first detailed genetic study on the genus Reteporella, the high divergence levels inferred within the genus Reteporella and family Phidoloporidae calls for the need of further revision. Nevertheless, the overall concordance between morphospecies and COI data suggest the potential adequacy of a 3% cut-off to distinguish Reteporella species. The discovery of new species in the remote Azores Archipelago as well as in the well-studied Mediterranean Sea indicates a general underestimation of bryozoan diversity. This study constitutes yet another example of the importance of integrative taxonomical approaches on understudied taxa, contributing to cataloguing genetic and morphological diversity.
iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis of Deinococcus radiodurans in response to 12C6+ heavy ion irradiation
Authors: Gao Yuan , Li Naikang , Zhou Yanxia , Zhang Zhenpeng , Zhang Yao , Fan Pengcheng , Zhou Hangfan , Zhang Tao , Chang Lei , Gao Huiying , Li Yanchang , Kang Xianjiang , Xie Qiong , Lyu Zhitang , Xu Ping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Deinococcus radiodurans (D. radiodurans) is best known for its extreme resistance to diverse environmental stress factors, including ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, oxidative stress, and high temperatures. Robust DNA repair system and antioxidant system have been demonstrated to contribute to extreme resistance in D. radiodurans. However, practically all studies on the mechanism underlying D. radiodurans’s extraordinary resistance relied on the treated strain during the post-treatment recovery lag phase to identify the key elements involved. The direct gene or protein changes of D. radiodurans after stress have not yet been characterized.

Results
In this study, we performed a proteomics profiling on D. radiodurans right after the heavy ion irradiation treatment, to discover the altered proteins that were quickly responsive to IR in D. radiodurans. Our study found that D. radiodurans shown exceptional resistance to 12C6+ heavy ion irradiation, in contrast to Escherichia coli (E.coli) strains. By using iTRAQ (Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation)-based quantitative mass spectrometry analysis, the kinetics of proteome changes induced by various dosages of 12C6+ heavy ion irradiation were mapped. The results revealed that 452 proteins were differentially expressed under heavy ion irradiation, with the majority of proteins being upregulated, indicating the upregulation of functional categories of translation, TCA cycle (Tricarboxylic Acid cycle), and antioxidation regulation under heavy ion irradiation.

Conclusions
This study shows how D. radiodurans reacts to exposure to 12C6+ heavy ion irradiation in terms of its overall protein expression profile. Most importantly, comparing the proteome profiling of D. radiodurans directly after heavy ion irradiation with research on the post-irradiation recovery phase would potentially provide a better understanding of mechanisms underlying the extreme radioresistance in D. radiodurans.
Rescaling pain intensity measures for meta-analyses of analgesic medicines for low back pain appears justified: an empirical examination from randomised trials
Authors: Wewege Michael A. , Jones Matthew D. , Williams Sam A. , Kamper Steven J. , McAuley James H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Meta-analyses of analgesic medicines for low back pain often rescale measures of pain intensity to use mean difference (MD) instead of standardised mean difference for pooled estimates. Although this improves clinical interpretability, it is not clear whether this method is justified. Our study evaluated the justification for this method.

Methods
We identified randomised clinical trials of analgesic medicines for adults with low back pain that used two scales with different ranges to measure the same construct of pain intensity. We transformed all data to a 0–100 scale, then compared between-group estimates across pairs of scales with different ranges.

Results
Twelve trials were included. Overall, differences in means between pain intensity measures that were rescaled to a common 0–100 scale appeared to be small and randomly distributed. For one study that measured pain intensity on a 0–100 scale and a 0–10 scale; when rescaled to 0–100, the difference in MD between the scales was 0.8 points out of 100. For three studies that measured pain intensity on a 0–10 scale and 0–3 scale; when rescaled to 0–100, the average difference in MD between the scales was 0.2 points out of 100 (range 5.5 points lower to 2.7 points higher). For two studies that measured pain intensity on a 0–100 scale and a 0–3 scale; when rescaled to 0–100, the average difference in MD between the scales was 0.7 points out of 100 (range 6.2 points lower to 12.1 points higher). Finally, for six studies that measured pain intensity on a 0–100 scale and a 0–4 scale; when rescaled to 0–100, the average difference in MD between the scales was 0.7 points (range 5.4 points lower to 8.3 points higher).

Conclusion
Rescaling pain intensity measures may be justified in meta-analyses of analgesic medicines for low back pain. Systematic reviewers may consider this method to improve clinical interpretability and enable more data to be included.

Study registration/data availability
Open Science Framework (osf.io/8rq7f).
AutoScore-Ordinal: an interpretable machine learning framework for generating scoring models for ordinal outcomes
Authors: Saffari Seyed Ehsan , Ning Yilin , Xie Feng , Chakraborty Bibhas , Volovici Victor , Vaughan Roger , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Liu Nan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundRisk prediction models are useful tools in clinical decision-making which help with risk stratification and resource allocations and may lead to a better health care for patients. AutoScore is a machine learning–based automatic clinical score generator for binary outcomes. This study aims to expand the AutoScore framework to provide a tool for interpretable risk prediction for ordinal outcomes.MethodsThe AutoScore-Ordinal framework is generated using the same 6 modules of the original AutoScore algorithm including variable ranking, variable transformation, score derivation (from proportional odds models), model selection, score fine-tuning, and model evaluation. To illustrate the AutoScore-Ordinal performance, the method was conducted on electronic health records data from the emergency department at Singapore General Hospital over 2008 to 2017. The model was trained on 70% of the data, validated on 10% and tested on the remaining 20%.ResultsThis study included 445,989 inpatient cases, where the distribution of the ordinal outcome was 80.7% alive without 30-day readmission, 12.5% alive with 30-day readmission, and 6.8% died inpatient or by day 30 post discharge. Two point-based risk prediction models were developed using two sets of 8 predictor variables identified by the flexible variable selection procedure. The two models indicated reasonably good performance measured by mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.758 and 0.793) and generalized c-index (0.737 and 0.760), which were comparable to alternative models.ConclusionAutoScore-Ordinal provides an automated and easy-to-use framework for development and validation of risk prediction models for ordinal outcomes, which can systematically identify potential predictors from high-dimensional data.