bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissemination of sport-based psychosocial interventions in Europe: results from the EASMH project
Authors: Sampogna G. , Borgi M. , Cirulli F. , Collacchi B. , Cerino S. , Di Tommaso V. , Moliterni S. , Bichi A. , Barat C. , Pringle A. , Kivisto S. , Melenco I. , Oltean A. , Garside J. , Fiorillo A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAmong psychosocial interventions, recent studies have highlighted that sport-based interventions can positively impact on the long-term outcomes of patients with severe mental disorders, in terms of improving their quality of life and promoting social inclusion. Although sport-based interventions should be considered an effective strategy for promoting patients’ recovery, few data are available on their dissemination in the clinical routine care in Europe.Objectivesto evaluate the availability of sport-based psychosocial interventions in European countries.MethodsIn the framework of the EU-Erasmus+, the European Alliance for Sport and Mental Health (EASMH) project has been funded. In order to evaluate the availability of sport-based interventions, an ad-hoc online survey, sent to national mental health centres, has been developed.Results103 responses were obtained (49 from Italy, 31 from UK, 17 from Finland and 12 from Romania). The respondents were mainly psychiatrists working in community mental health centers. Sport-based interventions were frequently provided by mental health services, in particular in Italy, UK and Finland. While in UK and Finland sport-based interventions are commonly offered to all patients, in the other countries these are provided only by patient’s request. The most frequent types of sport practised were: running, football, volleyball, tennis and table tennis and basketball. Almost all respondents reported to not use a dedicated monitoring tool for evaluating the efficacy of those interventions.ConclusionsSport-based interventions are not frequently provided in the routine clinical settings, although no monitoring tools are routinely adopted. The EASMHaims to fill this gap by disseminating good clinical practice related to sport-based interventions.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Depression in men with testosterone deficiency (Preliminary results of the study)
Authors: Osadshiy Y. , Soldatkin V. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionClinical practice in psychiatry is shifting toward personalized approach. In other words, clinicians aim to help patients based on their individual characteristics. It’s known that testosterone play a crucial role in the regulation of the emotions specially in men. The problems of hypogonadism and its possible role as an etiological factor in the development of depression in men are available in detail. But there is no solid date about the features of depression in men with testosteron defficency and theraputic approach including testosterone replacement therapy and antidepressants.ObjectivesАssessment of efficiency of different pharmacological approaches in the treatment of depression in men with testosterone deficiencyMethodsThe main group included 37 men with a depressive episode that arose against the background of a decrease in testosterone levels (≤12.1 nmol / L). A depressive episode was diagnosed based on the ICD-10 criteria for a depressive episode (F32). Patients were randomized into 3 treatment groups, depending on the received treatment: 1) sertraline; 2) testosterone gel; 3) sertraline + testosterone gel. The control group consisted of men (n = 40) aged 18 to 65 years, suffering from depression in accordance with the ICD-10 criteria with normal testosterone levelsResultsAn insufficient effectiveness of antidepressant monotherapy in relation to sexual dysfunction was found in main group, while testosterone monotherapy did not give statistically significant improvements in depression indicators.ConclusionsCombination therapy was most effective for the main symptoms and can be regarded as the most appropriate algorithm for the treatment of depression in men with low testosterone levelsDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Multiple barriers for accessing mental health service among women attending shelters for women experiencing intimate partner violence
Authors: Daoud N. , Ali Saleh-Darawshy N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWhile women victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) suffer the burden of mental health issues (MHI), they face many challenges accessing mental health services (MHS).ObjectivesWe draw on the socioecological model and explore different level barriers for accessing MHS among women experiencing IPV.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study in 2020-2021 at three levels: policy, practice and women’s experience. This included in-depth interviews with 19 policymakers from the Ministry of Health (MoH) and the Ministry of Social Welfare (MSW); four directors of shelters for women victims of IPV; 35 women (26 Arabs, 9 Jewish) attending shelters for women victims of IPV (age 22-50), and six focus groups with 26 social workers. Participants were asked about the barriers for utilizing MHS.ResultsWe identified complex multifaced barriers regarding the accessibility and quality of MHS among women victims of IPV. At the policy level, we identified structural organizational barriers related to the division of responsibilities between the two offices (MoH and MSW). These included lack of collaboration, funding and information transmission and insufficient communication mechanisms. At the practice level, shelters’ directors and social workers raised barriers, most of which were related to divisions in knowledge, terminology, and treatment approaches among mental healthcare providers and social welfare therapists. The women themselves raised issues related to stigma, lack of family support and continuity of MHS.ConclusionsTo improve MHS access, it is crucial to overcome the multiple barriers (individual, family, therapeutic and organizational) that are faced by women who are experiencing IPV.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Successful clozapine rechallenge after neutropenia using lithium carbonate : a case report
Authors: Khattech D. , Ouali U. , Dridi N.E.H. , Aissa A. , Ouertani A. , Jomli R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionClozapine is widely known as the drug of choice in treating refractory schizophrenia. However, clozapine prescription requires close clinical and biological monitoring to prevent harmful side effects like agranulocytosis, neutropenia and myocarditis.ObjectivesTo show the benefits of lithium carbonate in the clozapine rechallenge of a patient with neutropenia under clozapine.MethodsWe present the clinical case of a patient who developed neutropenia under clozapine, we rechallenged with clozapine after lithium treatment to stimulate hematopoietic functions.ResultsA 42-year-old man diagnosed with refractory schizophrenia, under clozapine for 11 years with a good clinical response at a dosage of 500mg per day (clozapine serum level 328ng/ml), developed a neutropenia (BCC at 840/mm3) within an interval of 2 months. Clozapine treatment was suspended and the patient presented a severe psychotic relapse requiring hospitalization. During hospitalization the patient remained symptomatic under haloperidol 15mg daily. At week 3 of clozapine cessation, neutrophil count reached 1510/mm3. After week 4 we introduced lithium carbonate and while reaching 500mg per day we observed an increase in the neutrophil count to 4850/mm3. We rechallenged with clozapine at week 12 after a poor clinical response, with incremental dosage to 150mg per day in 17 weeks. The blood cell count did not show any abnormalities and the patient had a good clinical response up to 11 months after the clozapine rechallenge.ConclusionsDespite the lack of guidelines assessing clozapine rechallenge after neutropenia, the use of lithium carbonate may be considered to stimulate hematopoietic functions.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Neurocognitive Functioning of Adolescents with Clinical High Risk for Psychosis, other Psychiatric Symptoms, and Psychosis
Authors: Orlandi M. , Iorio M. , Rogantini C. , Vecchio A. , Coci C. , Casini E. , Borgatti R. , Mensi M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionClinical High Risk of Psychosis (CHR-P) condition and the clinical validity of at-risk criteria are still little studied in child and adolescent population.ObjectivesThis study aimed to discover neurocognitive profiles of adolescents with CHR-P, compared with adolescents with psychosis and youth with other psychiatric symptoms that do not meet CHR-P criteria.MethodsWe divided 116 adolescents (12-18 years old) in three groups according to the semi-structured interview Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS): psychosis, attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS), non-APS. Moreover, we administered Wechsler scales to assess the IQ, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test to assess abstract reasoning and flexibility, Rey-Osterrieth complex figure to assess planning and attention, and Trail Making Test to assess psychomotor speed, visual attention and task switching. We administered BVN 12-18 subtests to assess lexical denomination, verbal and nonverbal working memory, selective auditory, visual attention, phonemic and categorial fluency, reasoning and problem solving.ResultsNineteen adolescents met criteria for psychosis, 47 for APS, and 50 did not meet criteria neither for psychosis nor for APS. APS group performed better than psychosis group and similar to non-APS group in processing speed, planning, visual attention, and categorial fluency. APS did not show a significant difference from the other groups in working memory and backward digit span, showing an intermediate profile; non-APS and psychosis groups still differed significantly in these functions.ConclusionsIdentifying typical neurocognitive profiles leads to more accurate diagnoses and early intervention that can lead to better patient outcomes.DisclosureThe authors declare that they do not have a significant financial interest, consultancy or other relationship with products, manufacturer(s) of products or providers of services related to this abstrac.
Analysis of Oral versus Long-acting Injectable Antipsychotics in the Maintenance of Schizophrenia
Authors: Vasiliu O. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionA debate regarding the comparative efficacy and tolerability of oral and long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia is still open in the mind of clinicians. While the adherence is intuitively improved by the LAIs, the acceptance of this treatment is not always good.ObjectivesTo conduct a literature review in order to find the data about the comparative efficacy of oral and LAI antipsychotics in schizophrenia, during the maintenance phase.MethodsA literature review was performed through the main electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, EMBASE) using the search paradigm “schizophrenia” AND “maintenance treatment” AND “oral antipsychotics” OR “long-acting injectable antipsychotics”. All papers published between January 2000 and August 2021 were included.ResultsBased on the reviewed clinical trials (n=37), LAI antipsychotics are associated with an efficacy and tolerability profile similar to or slightly superior to the oral formulation. This is confirmed for both typical and atypical antipsychotics that have been detected by this review. The main advantage of the LAIs is their superior therapeutic compliance and the possibility of early detection for non-adherent patients. However, not all data are unanimously supporting this perspective: while observational trials favor LAI antipsychotics, randomized trials included in the meta-analyses do not detect significant differences between the two types of formulations.ConclusionsLAIs are associated with superior adherence, but their overall efficacy and tolerability are only slightly superior to those of the oral equivalents. Moreover, there are differences in the results related to the methodology of the trials, therefore data should be interpreted with care.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The efficacy of cariprazine in chronic schizophrenia – post hoc analyses of phase II/III clinical trials
Authors: Falkai P. , Dombi Z. , Acsai K. , Barabássy Á. , Németh G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionChronic schizophrenia patients are experiencing persistent and severe illness for more than 15-20 years and are usually suffering from long-term negative symptoms. Cariprazine, a novel D3-D2 partial agonist has been proven to be effective in the treatment of acute schizophrenia, however its ability to treat chronic patients has not been assessed yet.ObjectivesThe primary aim of the present post-hoc analysis is to assess the efficacy of cariprazine in treating patients with chronic schizophrenia (late-stage and residual schizophrenia patients).MethodsData from 3 phase II/III 6-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials with similar design in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia were pooled and patients with more than 15 years of schizophrenia were analysed (late-stage patients). Furthermore, schizophrenia patients experiencing predominantly negative symptoms from a 26-week, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, fixed-flexible-dose trial with an ICD-10 code of F20.5 were analysed post-hoc (residual patients).ResultsAltogether, 414 late stage (286 cariprazine and 128 placebo) and 35 residual (23 cariprazine and 12 risperidone) patients were identified. The pooled analysis evaluating mean change from baseline to week 6 in the PANSS total score indicated statistically significant difference in favour of cariprazine in the late stage (LSMD -6.7, p<0.01) subpopulation compared to placebo. The mean change from baseline in patients with residual schizophrenia in the cariprazine arm was -9.6 on the PANSS-FSNS scale, while -7.9 in the risperidone arm.ConclusionsBased on the results, it seems that cariprazine might be a good treatment option for patients with chronic schizophrenia. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to confirm this.DisclosureI am an employee of Gedeon Richter Plc.
Risk of suicide attempt and suicide in young adult refugees compared to their Swedish-born peers: a register-based cohort study
Authors: Geirsdottir G. , Mittendorfer-Rutz E. , Amin R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionRefugees, especially minors, who often have experienced traumatic events, are a vulnerable group regarding poor mental health. Little is known, however, of their risk of suicidal behaviour as young adults.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the risk of suicidal behaviour for young adult refugees who migrated as minors. The moderating role of education and history of mental disorders in this association was also investigated.MethodsIn this register linkage study, all 19-30-year-old Swedish-born (n = 1,149,855) and refugees (n = 51,098) residing in Sweden on December 31st, 2009 were included. The follow-up period covered 2010-2016. Cox models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The multivariate models were adjusted for socio-demographic, labour market marginalisation and health-related factors.ResultsCompared to Swedish-born, the risk of suicide attempt was lower for all refugees (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70-0.87), and accompanied refugee minors (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69-0.87), but estimates did not differ for unaccompanied refugee minors (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.62-1.10). Low education and previous mental disorders increased the risk of suicide attempt in both refugees and Swedish-born, with lower excess risks in refugees. Findings for suicide were similar to those of suicide attempt.ConclusionsYoung adult refugees have a lower risk of suicidal behaviour than their Swedish-born peers, even if they have low educational level or have mental disorders. Young refugees who entered Sweden unaccompanied do not seem to be equally protected and need specific attention.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Long-term suicide risk of children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder – a systematic review
Authors: Garas P. , Balazs J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSeveral studies showed the high suicide risk of patients with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), however most of these studies had cross-sectional design.ObjectivesThe aim of the current study was to review systematically those studies which investigated the suicide risk among ADHD patients with longitudinal design.MethodsThe systematic search was made on OVID Medline, PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search terms were (ADHD OR attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) AND (suicide OR suicidal OR suicidality) AND (follow-up OR longitudinal study OR prospective study). Inclusion criteria were: written in English; participants under 18 years at the baseline; longitudinal, prospective studies; ADHD population at the baseline and at the follow-up; suicide behavior as primary outcome. Exclusion criteria were: the study did not contain empirical data, and reviews/meta-analyses and studies which aimed to investigate the drug treatment efficacy of ADHD.Results18 papers were included in the systematic review. 10 articles were published in the last 5 years. 9 studies enrolled children aged under 12 at baseline. The follow-up periods varied between 2 and 17 years. 17 studies found a significant positive association between ADHD diagnosis at baseline and the future suicidal behavior and/or attempts at the follow-up. The affective comorbidity showed an association with the future suicide risk.ConclusionsThese results highlight the importance of screening suicidality in patient with ADHD and consider it during treatment. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of the treatment and comorbidities of ADHD in the increased suicide risk.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Fears, Fun and Voices – an update on VR Treatments for Psychosis
Authors: Veling W. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Virtual Reality (VR) is increasingly used for treatment of psychiatric disorders. With immersive VR, people can be gradually exposed to situations they fear, they can practice new behaviour in a safe and controlled way. The threshold for engaging in therapy is lower in VR than in real life. VR applications for psychosis have been introduced fifteen years ago, and are rapidly expanding. Methods: In our VR mental health lab, several VR therapies for psychotic disorders have been developed and investigated. Results of recent randomized controlled trials (RCT) will be presented, and ongoing and future projects will be discussed, including VR cognitive behavioral therapy (VRcbt) for paranoid delusions, social cognition training, stress management and avatar therapy for auditory hallucinations Results: The RCT of VRcbt for paranoid delusions (N=116) had strong and statistically significant effects on paranoid ideations, anxiety and safety behavior. Facial emotion recognition was improved by VR social cognition training (RCT N=81), but other domains of social cognition proved more difficult to improve. A VR relaxation tool (RCT N=50) had strong immediate effects on perceived stress and emotional states. Ongoing VR intervention studies are a modular VR intervention aimed at improving social functioning (VR SOAP) and an empowering intervention for patients with auditory hallucinations (VR VOICES). Discussion: VR is a powerful tool for treatment of psychotic disorders, offering interventions for multiple symptom domains and functioning. Next generation VR studies hold the promise to expand and substantially improve psychosocial treatment of psychotic disorders.DisclosureI am co-founder and have shares of VRelax, a company providing VR relaxation software.
Association of Psilocybin Use in Adolescents with Major Depressive Episode
Authors: Shah K. , Trivedi C. , Kamrai D. , Akbar M. , Tankersley W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPsilocybin is a psychedelic drug found in mushrooms, often referred to as magic mushrooms due to its visual and auditory hallucinations effects upon ingestion. It is a Schedule I drug per DEA, and the FDA has not approved psilocybin for medicinal purposes. However, recent studies have shown promising therapeutic use to treat depression.ObjectivesTo identify current use, prevalence, and its association with depression in adolescents.MethodsThe National Survey on Drug Use and Health survey data from 2008-18 studied adolescent data (12-17 years), who responded, “ever used psilocybin (mushrooms)” and “lifetime major depressive episode (MDE).” The association between the psilocybin use and MDE status was analyzed in SAS 9.4 through multivariate logistic regression for odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 172745 adolescents were included in this study, of which 2469 ever used psilocybin in their lifetime, and 170276 responded no lifetime use. The psilocybin ever lifetime users were 17 years old (42%vs.17%,p<0.001), male (60%vs.51%,p<0.001), and non-Hispanic White (71%vs.55%,p<0.001) in comparison to non-users. Among psilocybin user group, 31% of respondents had lifetime MDE, compared to 16% of the lifetime psilocybin non-user group participants (p<0.001). The odds of association of psilocybin use among participants with MDE were 2.17 times compared to those without MDE (CI: 1.93-2.44,p<0.001).ConclusionsWe identified a significant association between psilocybin use and MDE among adolescents, which raises public health concerns about its illegal use, abuse, and toxicity potential. Future clinical studies should assess its clinical safety, efficacy, and addictive properties.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Case series: Psychosocial challenges of female youth within the Irish travelling community
Authors: O’ Neill E. , Abdul-Razak N. , Anastasova Z. , O’ Callaghan C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Irish traveller community are an ethnic minority group known for their distinct identity. Although this group has its roots in Ireland, they are marginalised and discriminated against by every part of Irish society. Adolescent females encounter particular difficulties within the expectations of this community. They encounter specific issues including mental illness, sexual stigma and limitations to the role of women.ObjectivesExplore the vulnerabilities of young women within the irish travelling community.MethodsLiterature review and case series using three cases.ResultsPatient A is a nineteen-year-old girl known with a history of overdose and depression. Significant triggers for her mental illness are linked to familial disharmony and sexual assault. Patient B is seventeen years old and was referred for CAMHS inpatient admission following overdose. She has a background of sexual assault and drug misuse. Patient C is fifteen years old and was admitted to a CAMHS unit following a hanging attempt. Her suicide attempt was triggered by chronic bullying, grief and sexual assault.ConclusionsYoung women in the travelling community are estimated to be twice as likely to suffer mental health issues as compared to men. They are primed to follow a culture where the main events in life are centred around training for marriage and child rearing. In this world of ethical practice and focus on women’s rights, females in such communities can feel conflicted between their identity, heritage and their position in the world. Adolescents within the travelling community should be monitored with consciousness given to their particular risk factors.DisclosureNo significant relationships.