bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Early Rectal Tube Application after Colostomy Closure on Intestinal Peristalsis
Authors: AVCİ Veli , AYENGİN Kemal 
Published: April 2022

Objective: All surgeons performing colostomy closure strive to achieve early postoperative intestinal peristalsis in their patients. Early peristalsis following abdominal surgery leads to a shorter time to flatulence/defecation, thereby allowing early transition to oral feeding and early hospital discharge. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rectal tube applied after colostomy on intestinal peristalsis, time to first flatulence/defecation, and time to hospital discharge.
Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 40 patients that underwent colostomy closure between September 2013 and October 2020. Age, gender, and indications for colostomy were reviewed for each patient. Patients were divided into two groups as patients who underwent and those who did not
undergo rectal tube application. In both groups, time to first flatulence/defecation, time to oral feeding, and hospitalization period were recorded.
Results: The 40 patients comprised 26 boys and 14 girls with a mean age of 3.46±2.11 years. Time to first flatulence/defecation and hospitalization periods were significantly shorter in patients that underwent rectal tube placement than in patients that did not undergo rectal tube placement (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Rectal tube application following colostomy leads to early onset of intestinal peristalsis and a shorter time to flatulence/defecation, thereby allowing early transition to oral feeding and early hospital discharge.
Application of Bethesda System For Cervical Cytology at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Bajaj Preeti S. , Baviskar Priyanka , Rajyaguru Devangana M. , Chaudhari Rajendra A. 
Published: April 2022

For early screening of the cervical lesion cervical smear is a sensitive test and most widely used system for describing Pap smear result is The Bethesda System. Aims and Objectives : The present study was conducted to look for the epithelial cell abnormalities in cervix using Bethesda system of reporting for cervical cytology, to implicate The Bethesda System of reporting (2014) during assessment of Pap smear, to detect cervical cancer and its pre-cancerous lesions (LSIL-Low grade intraepithelial lesion and HSIL-High grade intraepithelial lesion) at an early stage by Pap smear examination and to create awareness about cervical cancer and importance of Pap smear as a screening test in disease prevention. Materials and Methods: The present study was undertaken at a tertiary health care, out of 250 cervical smears, we excluded 10 smears which were inadequate to opine. So, the total of 240 smears got reported according to The Bethesda System 2014. Observations and Results: The youngest patient was 18 year old and the oldest was 75 year old female. A total of 4% Pap smears were reported as unsatisfactory. The most common complaint of patients was discharge per vaginum which accounts for a total of 38% followed by abdominal pain is showed in 8% of cases. The most common infection was bacterial vaginosis followed by candida, Trichomonas. The frequency of normal (NILM) cases was 78%.ASCUS was found in 4.58%, LSIL was found in 9.17%, HSIL was found in 1.67% & SCC was found in 3.33% cases. Proportion of LSIL was more in age group 41-50 years i.e. 21.15 %. Conclusion : Pap test has significant utility worldwide. Bethesda system used for cervical cytology is not only a uniform & standard method but also gives descriptive diagnosis that helps clinicians in individualized patient management. It helps in preventing invasive cervical cancer by detecting & treating women with precancerous lesions & the effectiveness is determined by reduction in incidence & mortality.
Different expression of NF-kB and endometrial implant width in the administration of red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam) and leuprolide
Authors: Hikmah Raudatul , Hendarto Hendy , Widjiati Widjiati 
Published: April 2022

HIGHLIGHTS
1. Endometriosis treatment remains controversial, whether it should be managed with hormonal modulation and/or surgical removal of the lesion.2. NF-kB becomes potential therapeutic target as it has constitutive activation in peritoneal endometriosis.3. It has been recognized that NF-kB expression decreases when red fruit extract is given.4. Effect of red fruit extract, compared to leuprolide, a widely used treatment for endometriosis, on NF-kB expression was examined.5. NF-kB was significantly lower in endometriotic group receiving red fruit extract than in group receiving leuprolide.

ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study aimed to prove the effect of different administration of red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam) extract and leuprolide on the expression of NF-kB and endometrial implant width in mouse models of endometriosis.
Materials and Methods: This study used completely randomized design with pre-post separated sample. The sample size was 36 female mice (Mus muculus), which were divided into 3 groups randomly. They were given with cyclosporine A, estrogen and endometrial tissue to form endometriosis model.
Results: The mean expression of NF-kBin in treatment group receiving leuprolide (4.13 + 0.70) and red fruit (2.70 + 1.08) were significantly lower than that in control group (6.94 + 1.007). Whereas, in treatment group receiving red fruit (2.70 + 1.08), it was significantly lower than in those receiving leuprolide (4.13 + 0.70). Mean endometrial implant width in treatment group receiving leuprolide (13.62 + 3.21) and red fruit (8.93 + 2.74) were significantly lower than that in control group (28.89 + 8.28). Whereas, in treatment group receiving leuprolide (13.62 + 3.21), it was not significantly higher than in those receiving red fruit (8.93 + 2.74).
Conclusion: The expression of NF-kB was significantly lower after the administration of red fruit than leuprolide. The width of endometrial implant was not significantly lower after the administration of red fruit than after the administration of leuprolide.
Contraception method among pregnant women with HIV delivered in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Indarti Junita , Pangestu Shinta , Anggayana Adri Dwi , Rifiranda Cherysa , Prameswari Natasya , Alda Kristian 
Published: April 2022

HIGHLIGHTS
1. HIV transmission from HIV positive mothers to their children should be reduced by strengthening family planning programs.2. Characteristics of contraceptive methods among women with HIV infection delivered in a tertiary hospital were investigated.3. IUD was the most common contraceptive method used by women with HIV infection. Its use was related to age, gravida and method of delivery.

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe characteristics of contraceptive methods among women with HIV infection who delivered in a tertiary hospital.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The inclusion criteria were pregnant women with HIV infection who delivered in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia, from January 2016 to December 2020. Data were retrieved from medical records, registered HIV and laboratory result. The included data were demographic data, obstetric data, mode of delivery, contraception method, ARV history, and laboratory history of the mothers.
Results: From January 2016 to December 2020 there were 119 HIV patients who delivered at the RSCM. Most of the subjects were 35 years old (84%), had low education (52.9%) and worked as housewives (76.5%). A total of 79.8% of the subjects were gravida >2 and most of the subjects delivered by caesarean section (87.3%). The choice of contraceptive methods were IUD (72.4%), tubectomy (26.8%) and implants (0.8%). There was a statistically significant relationship between contraceptive method with age (p 0.040), gravida (p 0.016) and delivery method (p 0.049)
Conclusion: The most common contraceptive method was IUD. The choice of this method of contraception was related to age, gravida and method of delivery.
Absorption Spectra Comparison of Tm/Ho-Codoped Bototellurite Glasses
Authors: Saraswati Azmi , Marzuki Ahmad , Suryanti Venty 
Published: April 2022

<p>This paper presents a comparison study of absorption spectra of borotellurite glasses with compostion: 20TeO<sub>2</sub> – 15Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> – 3TiO<sub>2</sub> – (4-x) Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> – 1Tm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> - xHo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> where x = 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5 (mol%). All glasses are fabricated using melt quenching method. Absorption spectra were recorded at room temperature in the spectral range of 200 – 1100 nm. Within this range, glass with x = 0 mol % of Ho<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> shows 2 absorption peaks which corresponds to electronics transition from <sup>3</sup>H<sub>6</sub> to state to <sup>3</sup>F<sub>3</sub> and <sup>3</sup>H<sub>4</sub>. For x = 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5 (mol%), nine absorption peaks corresponding to electronics transition from <sup>3</sup>H<sub>6</sub> to state to <sup>5</sup>G<sub>5</sub>, <sup>5</sup>G<sub>6</sub>, <sup>1</sup>G<sub>4</sub>, <sup>1</sup>G<sub>4</sub>, <sup>5</sup>F<sub>3</sub>, <sup>5</sup>F<sub>4</sub>, <sup>5</sup>F<sub>5</sub>, <sup>3</sup>F<sub>3</sub>, and <sup>3</sup>H<sub>4</sub> are shown. It is shown that absorption at 680 nm and 790 are insensitive to the addition of Ho<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in contrast to that at 580 nm and 650 nm.</p>
The Effect of Unloading Path on the Time-Dependent Behavior of Beishan Granite
Authors: Yu Peiyang , Pan Peng-Zhi , Feng Guangliang , Wang Zhaofeng , Miao Shuting 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Understanding the time-dependent characteristics of Beishan granite after excavation is critically important for the long-term stability and disaster control of the high-level radioactive waste repository. In this context, a series of creep tests under different unloading paths are designed to simulate the time-dependent behavior of rock mass after excavation. Results show that the instantaneous volume deformation under each loading step is greatly influenced by the unloading path. Moreover, the unloading path has minor effects on the creep strain. The axial and lateral creep strain is dominated by creep fracture potential, which can be characterized by a unified time-dependent fracture potential index (ξTFPI) for different stress states. It is observed that the creep strain generally increases with increasing ξTFPI. In order to describe the fracture mechanism during the creep process, a damage mechanical model based on time-dependent subcritical crack growth theory is adopted. It reveals that the strain hardening behavior dominates the granite creep process, and the strain softening effect is gradually strengthened with increasing ξTFPI.
Snow monitoring in midlatitude lowlands using SAR backscattering ratio
Authors: Rimkus Egidijus , Kilpys Justinas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study we tested and evaluated an algorithm for generating binary snow maps using Sentinel-1 SAR data on various land cover types in midlatitude lowlands. The SAR data was acquired over the &Scaron;ventoji river basin in Lithuania and included five cold seasons from 2014 to 2021. Snow classification was done by thresholding SAR backscattering ratio between the image with snow and the reference image based on the snow-free SAR observations in autumn. We used ground range dual-polarized Sentinel-1 data and calculated the weighted VV and VH polarization ratio to determine land cover type-specific snow classification thresholds. The validation of snow maps derived from SAR data was done using Sentinel-2 images. Validation results showed that accuracy of SAR based snow maps over grasslands and arable land was within a 0.85&ndash;0.92 range, while in the coniferous forests it was 0.49. Results suggest that the most important factors influencing the accuracy of snow detection using Sentinel-1 SAR data are snow depth and dense forest vegetation. The study contributes to the evolving SAR-based algorithms to determine snow cover characteristics and demonstrates the capability of the Sentinel-1 mission for snow monitoring in various landscapes.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with glioblastoma with infratentorial leptomeningeal dissemination
Authors: Kawauchi Daisuke , Ohno Makoto , Honda-Kitahara Mai , Miyakita Yasuji , Takahashi Masamichi , Yanagisawa Shunsuke , Tamura Yukie , Kikuchi Miyu , Ichimura Koichi , Narita Yoshitaka 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
Leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) is a severe complication of glioblastoma (GBM) and has become a more common and indispensable clinical proposition with improved patient prognosis. Although infratentorial leptomeningeal dissemination (ITD) of GBM is rare, it is clinically significant as it may largely influence patient prognosis. Here, we investigated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with ITD.
Methods
Data of patients with newly diagnosed isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype GBM treated at our institution between October 2008 and December 2018 were reviewed. ITD was defined as the dissemination of GBM, which first emerged as a supratentorial tumor, and later disseminated in the infratentorial region as the first recurrent site.
Results
Of 160 patients with newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype GBM, seven (4.4%) were classified as having ITD. ITD lesions were in the fourth ventricle in two patients, extra-cerebellum or extra-brainstem in two, and intra-cerebellum in three. The primary symptoms of ITD were gait disturbance (85.7%, n = 6), nausea and vomiting (28.6%, n = 2), cerebellar mutism (14.3%, n = 1), and none (14.3%, n = 1). In four cases (57.1%), symptoms were confirmed before ITD discovery. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival of the patients were 12.2 and 19.7 months, respectively. Radiotherapy was performed in five patients, and all the patients received chemotherapy. The PFS and overall survival rates from ITD diagnosis were 2.9 and 7.1 months, respectively. Patients with favorable prognoses were younger and had higher Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores.
Conclusions
Radiotherapy or molecular-targeted therapy may be effective in some cases of ITD and may contribute to extending survival. Carefully checking the infratentorial region of patients with GBM during follow-up and rapidly treating ITD before their KPS score starts declining are crucial.
Impact of short segment fixation on Spinopelvic Sagittal Alignment in Thoracolumbar Fracture Cases
Authors: Li Kepeng , Ma Guoju , Zhao Heyi , Han Ye , Zuo Jinzeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Thoracolumbar kyphosis induced by spinal fractures can alter the overall sagittal alignment. There is a lack of literature analyzing the effects of short segment fixation on spinopelvic parameters in patients with spinal burst fracture. This study aimed to explore the impact of short segment fixation on spinopelvic sagittal alignment in patients with thoracolumbar fractures.Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of thoracolumbar fracture cases treated with short-segment fixation surgery at our institution from February 2018 to July 2022. Perioperative radiographs of 42 patients were obtained. The pelvic and spinal parameters were measured, and the influence of fracture site on all parameters was retrospectively analyzed. A descriptive analysis characterizing these parameters and multivariate analysis was performed to investigate the influencing factors of thoracolumbar kyphosis.Results: The mean age of included cases was 47.1±9.9 years, Pelvic incidence was 44.1±4.7º. Preoperative fractured level kyphosis (FLK) and thoracolumbar kyphosis(TLK) were 10.3±9.9º and 15.6±10.4º, respectively. Operative corrected degree(OCD) of FLK and TLK were 6.8±7.9º and 7.7±8.4º, respectively. Preoperative parameters, including FLK, TLK, Pelvic tilt (PT), Sacral slope (SS), Lumbar lordosis (LL), were no different in the different fracture sites. PT-OCD is greater in L2～L5 fractures than in T12～L1(t=0.82, P=0.03). FLK-OCD(B=0.36), LL-OCD(B=-0.34) and PT-OCD(B=0.22), as well as age(B=-0.23) were independent factors to influence TLK-OCD. pelvis anteversion and high FLK-OCD was associated with a more satisfactory correction of the TLK deformity. TLK-OCD was negatively influenced by age. Conclusions: Short segment fixation surgery can correct TLK caused by fractures. Satisfactory TLK-OCD is related to excellent fracture reduction, pelvic anteversion, and younger patients. With FLK fixed by operation, the pelvis rotates from rear to front, more obviously in lumbar fractures.
Intersectionality and the Invisibility of Transgender Health in the Philippines
Authors: Abesamis Luis Emmanuel Ang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The vulnerability of the Filipino LGBTQI + community to health problems is disproportionately experienced by trans Filipinos. Because of the institutional prejudice and discrimination against trans Filipinos in Philippine society, an intersectional approach presents an opportunity to analyze the invisibility and potentially elucidate the unique health needs of trans Filipinos. This paper reviews the literature to elucidate how the invisibility of trans Filipinos in health is a product of co-existing and interacting prejudiced and discriminatory institutions, such as the law, education, and medicine, where the historical experiences of colonization, the hegemony of cisgenderism, and the impact of capitalism remain salient. By elucidating these co-existing and interacting structures and forces, the gaps in Philippine healthcare system are surfaced. In light of this, recommendations for future research and policy work are made vis-à-vis creating and cultivating a more trans inclusive and responsive healthcare system in the Philippines.
The efficacy and safety of roxadustat in anemia treatment in hemodialysis patients with erythropoietin-hyporesponsiveness
Authors: Zou Yang , Chang Dan , Wang Amanda Y , He Jingdong , Li Mingzhu , Cai Yanrong , Wei Jinxi , Yang Dongmei , He Dong , Lei Min , Deng Fei , He Qiang , Xue Hen , Hong Daqing , Li Guisen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundErythropoietin is an important drug for the treatment of anemia in hemodialysis patients. However, many patients show erythropoietin-hyporesponsiveness. Roxadustat has been shown to be effective in treating patients with anemia due to chronic kidney disease. However, its efficacy and safety in hemodialysis patients with erythropoietin-hyporesponsive anemia remain unclear.MethodsErythropoietin-hyporesponsiveness was defined as erythropoietin dose of more than 450U/kg intravenously or 300U/kg subcutaneously for 16 weeks, with hemoglobin rising rate below 1 g/dL/month or 11.0 g/dL. A cohort of hemodialysis patients with anemia and a low response to erythropoietin from January 2020 to December 2020 were treated with roxadustat for 12 weeks to observe changes in hemoglobin, iron metabolism, blood lipid, and inflammatory indicators and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of roxadustat.ResultsThere were 56 patients with erythropoietin-hyporesponsiveness, and a total of 44 patients (78.6%) completed the 12-week follow-up, including 16 males (36.4%); patient ages were 54.6±14.2 years. The mean initial treatment dose of roxadustat was 104.4±12.4 mg thrice a week. At week 12, 30 subjects (68.2%) met the protocol-defined primary efficacy endpoint. After 12 weeks of treatment, hemoglobin was significantly increased from 7.81±1.36 g/dL to 9.80±1.94 g/dL (P<0.001), serum ferritin, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly decreased. While white blood cells and neutrophils significantly increased than baseline.ConclusionThis study indicated that roxadustat significantly increases hemoglobin levels, improving iron absorption and utilization, reducing cholesterol and triglyceride levels, with good short-term safety profile in hemodialysis patients with erythropoietin-hyporesponsive anemia.
Optimum cultural conditions to achieve the best biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Sharifi Aram , Mohammadzadeh Abdolmajid , Mahmoodi Pezhman , Salehi Taghi Zahraei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of different broth culture media supplemented with glucose, on the biofilm formation and ica expression of Staphylococcus aureus. The phenotypic ability to adhere to a polystyrene surface and to produce slime layer were evaluated using microtiter plate test (MtP) and Congo red tube test, respectively. Using PCR, the presence of ica locus in S. aureus strains was confirmed and subsequently, quantitative real-time RT-PCR was performed to investigate transcription of icaA in various media including Tryptic soy broth (TSB), Brain-heart infusion broth (BHIB), (Nutrient broth) NB and (Muller-Hinton broth) MHB contained 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2% glucose. Our results showed that although all of the studied strains adhered to the wells of polystyrene microtiter plates, the optimum rate of biofilm formation was observed for TSB medium contained 1% glucose, but biofilm formation was not significantly different in NB, MHB and BHIB media. Supplementation of all media with 1% glucose led to the highest production of biofilm formation and in all of media transcription of icaA was increased with glucose addition to one present. The results of the present study indicated that TSB medium supplemented with 1% glucose was the most appropriate medium for evaluation of biofilm formation by S. aureus isolates.
Pleural manometry during thoracocentesis in patients with malignant pleural effusion: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hassaballa Aly Sherif , Mostafa Ahmed , Haikal Tamer , Elnori Ahmed , Elsayed Hany Hassan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Large volume therapeutic thoracentesis may be associated with re-expansion pulmonary edema RPE. Without the use of pleural manometry, this limits the amount of fluid drained. We investigated whether monitoring of pleural pressure with manometry during thoracentesis would avoid RPE or allow larger volume drainage.
Research Question
We wanted to see if using manometry to measure pleural pressure during thoracentesis may help minimize RPE or allow for more volume drainage.
Patients and Methods
We did a randomized controlled trial involving 110 patients with large malignant pleural effusions. Patients were randomly allocated to obtain thoracentesis with or without pleural manometry. The primary outcome was overall chest discomfort symptoms, the amount of fluid aspirated, and pleural pressures. This trial is listed on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04420663
Results
The mean amount of total paracentesis fluid withdrawn from the control group was 945.4 ± 78.9(ml) and 1690.9 ± 681.0(ml) from the cases group (p < 0.001). clinical signs of RPE appeared in (n = 20) (36.3%) of patients of cases group while no signs of RPE appeared in controls (p-value < 0.001). opening pleural pressure was 13.4 ± 12.7 cm H2O in non-REP cluster vs 23.5 ± 5.7 cm H2O in REP cluster (p-value = 0.002). The difference between opening and closing pressures between the non-REP and REP cluster was (32.8 ± 15.6 vs 42.2 ± 13) respectively. (p-value = 0.02). Total fluid withdrawn from non-REP was 1828.5 ± 505ml in comparison to 1450 ± 875ml in the REP cluster (p-value = 0.04)
Interpretation
Pleural manometry is useful in malignant pleural effusion to increase the amount of fluid withdrawn But has no role in preventing RPE. The drop of pleural pressure of more than 17cm H2O should be avoided. Our findings do not support the routine use of this approach.