bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative taxonomy helps to revise systematics and questions the purported cosmopolitan nature of the type species within the genus Diaforobiotus (Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae)
Authors: Stec Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Recent advances in tardigrade taxonomy have been greatly enhanced by the redescriptions of the type species for particular taxa or species groups. De novo characterisation of these key taxa now allows to describe tardigrade species diversity with improved precision and at higher rate, increasing the momentum towards resolving the taxonomic impediment in these micro-invertebrates. Since its description, Diaforobiotus islandicus (Richters, 1904) has been reported from many distinct localities around the world. This suggested, perhaps falsely, a cosmopolitan nature of the species. However, potential erroneous assignment of newly found populations to this species could be a result of the very general and superficial original description. In order to properly recognise and name species diversity within the genus, I provide here an integrative redescription of the type species (D. islandicus) with a neotype designation, a description of a new species, Diaforbiotus svalbardicus sp. nov, and dichotomous key for the genus. Both descriptions are based on detailed morphological and morphometric data associated with standard DNA sequences of four genetic markers (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2, and COI). The genus composition and diagnosis amendments of the family Richtersiuside are also discussed. The presented study constitutes a starting point for further systematic studies on the genus Diaforobiotus and new taxa discoveries.
Monge–Ampère measures associated with semi-exhaustive functions
Authors: Abdulaali Ahmad K. Al 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the current $$T \wedge \text {{dd}}^{c}\psi $$

T
∧

dd
c

ψ

for positive currents T and semi-exhaustive, not necessarily plurisubharmonic, functions $$\psi $$
ψ
. The study leads to new definitions of capacity and Lelong–Demailly numbers with respect to the weight $$\psi $$
ψ
.
Sport, Sexual Violence and the Law: A Feminist Critique and Call to Action
Authors: Haynes Jason 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSport is a microcosm of society. In this connection, in as much as there are reasons to celebrate individual athletic prowess and the undeniable contribution of sport to the maturation of communities, sport, like the broader society, contends with many ills, not least sexual violence. Although various sporting organizations and governments have, in the last 2 decades, adopted legislative instruments and Codes of Ethics and established various institutional mechanisms to combat the scourge of sexual violence, sport remains a hot bed for sexual violence, intimidation, reprisals and indignity in many jurisdictions. This article accordingly interrogates, from a Feminist Perspective, recently decided cases to illustrate how sexual violence committed against women and girls in the sporting context reflects a broader deeply entrenched system of patriarchy, characterized by a culture of silence, indifference, and abuse of authority. It concludes by calling on all concerned in the governance, administration, and practice of sport to redouble their efforts to address the growing problem of sexual violence in sport.
Erwerbsorientierung als Subjektivierung. Zur Bedeutung des Subjektbezugs in der erwerbsorientierten Bildung
Authors: Kraus Katrin 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht von der Bedeutung von Erwerbstätigkeit für das Subjekt aus. Er bezieht sich auf den Ansatz der Subjektivierung und versteht Erwerbsorientierung als spezifischen Aspekt von Subjektivierung. Die Argumentation nimmt Bezug auf Arbeiten zu beruflicher Sozialisation, alltäglicher Lebensführung und Erwerbsbiografien. In Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Arbeiten wird die subjektive Bedeutung von Erwerbsorientierung im Sinne einer Orientierung an Erwerbstätigkeit in Selbstkonzept und Lebensführung herausgearbeitet. Im Anschluss daran werden Ansatzpunkte erwerbsorientierter Bildung benannt, die sich einer polarisierenden Einordung in allgemeine und berufliche Bildung entzieht: Identitätsbildung, Selbstregulationsfähigkeiten, Alltagsgestaltung, Reflexion der Rahmenbedingungen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft sowie biografisches Lernen.
Performance assessment of fired bricks incorporating pomegranate peels waste
Authors: Abdel Hamid E. M. , Abadir M. F. , Abd El-Razik M. M. , El Naggar K. A. M. , Shoukry H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis research investigated the reuse potential of pomegranate peels waste (PPW) in the production of fired clay bricks with improved thermo-physical and mechanical properties. PPW was used as a substitute for natural clay with different replacement ratios ranging from 0 to 12.5% with a stride of 2.5 wt%. The impact of adding PPW on compressive strength, total porosity, water absorption, bulk density, thermal conductivity and microstructure characteristics has been assessed for bricks fired at 900, 1000 and 1100 °C. With the increase of PPW replacement ratio, the bulk density, thermal conductivity and compressive strength decreased. The obtained results confirm the possibility of using PPW as a sustainable pore forming agent in brick industry. The incorporation of 12.5 wt% PPW showed the lowest bulk density (1230 kg/m3), the lowest thermal conductivity (0.2 W/mK), the lowest compressive strength (5.5 MPa), the highest water absorption (38%), and the highest total porosity (48%) for bricks fired at 1000 °C. The obtained compressive strength satisfies the minimum acceptable requirements for clay bricks. The contribution of the newly developed bricks to the energy consumption performance of a building model has been evaluated by using DesignBuilder energy simulation software. A considerable reduction in the annual energy consumption by about 23.3% has been attained as compared to the traditional bricks.
Who’s the boss? The persistence of entrepreneurial hierarchy in flat organizations
Authors: McCaffrey Matthew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNicolai Foss and Peter Klein argue persuasively that the “bossless narrative” behind calls to abolish management hierarchy does not withstand serious scrutiny. Although bossless or flat organizations sometimes work well under relatively certain and stable conditions, in more dynamic and time-sensitive situations they typically struggle with innovation, scale, and longevity. In contrast, management hierarchy performs valuable economic functions by solving coordination and cooperation problems, and providing a framework in which employees can make decisions. Valve is a useful example of a company that replaced formal with informal hierarchy, and which has struggled with creative inertia produced by a lack of formal management. Nevertheless, despite these and many other insights into the bossless company that can be found in Foss and Klein’s book, there is still much scope for new research on it throughout the management disciplines and social sciences.
Managers matter less than we think: how can organizations function without any middle management?
Authors: Martela Frank 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAre managers necessary for organizations? Could organizations function without them? To answer, we must separate between two questions: are top managers necessary? And are middle managers necessary? I argue that larger organizations are prone to need someone to have oversight of the wholeness and to take responsibility for its design and development. Given the dedication and time commitment needed to fulfill that role, it is virtually impossible to have a larger organization without any top management. However, a large organization with top management and frontline employees—but no managerial layers in between—is already a much more realistic possibility. It typically requires having autonomous, self-managing teams empowered to make all the necessary decisions related to their own work, accompanied by certain structural solutions (often enhanced by ICT) solving key information- and coordination-related tasks that are traditionally taken care of by middle managers. Often specific coach roles also emerge. In principle, if working substitutes are found to all tasks traditionally taken care of by middle managers, an organization can be functional and successful without any managerial layers. I examine a few successful examples of such organizations, Buurtzorg and Reaktor, while also highlighting key boundary conditions for when, where, and how self-managing organizations can succeed. I conclude by distinguishing between structure and hierarchy, arguing that while self-managing organizations are characterized by high levels of decentralization, their functionality is ensured through having enough structure, thus combining low hierarchy with adequate structure to find the most functional form of organizing in a particular context.
Fuel Cell Reactors for the Clean Cogeneration of Electrical Energy and Value-Added Chemicals
Authors: Si Fengzhan , Liu Subiao , Liang Yue , Fu Xian-Zhu , Zhang Jiujun , Luo Jing-Li 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFuel cell reactors can be tailored to simultaneously cogenerate value-added chemicals and electrical energy while releasing negligible CO2 emissions or other pollution; moreover, some of these reactors can even “breathe in” poisonous gas as feedstock. Such clean cogeneration favorably offsets the fast depletion of fossil fuel resources and eases growing environmental concerns. These unique reactors inherit advantages from fuel cells: a high energy conversion efficiency and high selectivity. Compared with similar energy conversion devices with sandwich structures, fuel cell reactors have successfully “hit three birds with one stone” by generating power, producing chemicals, and maintaining eco-friendliness. In this review, we provide a systematic summary on the state of the art regarding fuel cell reactors and key components, as well as the typical cogeneration reactions accomplished in these reactors. Most strategies fall short in reaching a win–win situation that meets production demand while concurrently addressing environmental issues. The use of fuel cells (FCs) as reactors to simultaneously produce value-added chemicals and electrical power without environmental pollution has emerged as a promising direction. The FC reactor has been well recognized due to its “one stone hitting three birds” merit, namely, efficient chemical production, electrical power generation, and environmental friendliness. Fuel cell reactors for cogeneration provide multidisciplinary perspectives on clean chemical production, effective energy utilization, and even pollutant treatment, with far-reaching implications for the wider scientific community and society. The scope of this review focuses on unique reactors that can convert low-value reactants and/or industrial wastes to value-added chemicals while simultaneously cogenerating electrical power in an environmentally friendly manner.
Graphical Abstract
A schematic diagram for the concept of fuel cell reactors for cogeneration of electrical energy and value-added chemicals
Educational Technologies
Authors: Scheffel Maren , Wirth Joachim 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungAuch wenn der Begriff kein einheitlicher und durch verschiedene Disziplinen geprägter ist, kann unter Educational Technologies der Einsatz (meist computergestützter) Geräte und Medien zum Analysieren, Gestalten und/oder Unterstützen von Lehr- und Lernprozessen subsummiert werden. Dabei sind Educational Technologies sehr vielfältig und können auf den Ebenen des individuellen oder kollaborativen Lernens, des Unterrichts bis hin zur Organisation Schule eingesetzt werden. Ungeachtet der Anstrengungen zum Aufbau einer technischen Infrastruktur an Schulen weisen nationale Bildungsmonitorings darauf hin, dass die wahrgenommene Einfachheit der Nutzung von Educational Technologies dadurch nicht gestiegen ist. Die Beiträge in diesem Themenschwerpunkt zeigen zudem exemplarisch die Vielfalt von Educational Technologies auf. Mit dieser Vielfalt geht einher, dass die Bedingungen, unter denen die jeweilige Technologie den erwünschten Nutzen entfaltet, sehr heterogen sind und generalisierbare Aussagen zum erfolgreichen Einsatz von Educational Technologies nur schwer formuliert werden können. Nichtsdestotrotz erscheinen Forschungsbemühungen im Bereich Educational Technologies lohnenswert, um deren Potenzial für pädagogische und unterrichtliche Prozesse ausschöpfen zu können.
The Biomedical Engineering Labor Market in Greece: A Survey Investigating Job Outlook, Satisfaction and Placement
Authors: Glotsos Dimitris , Kostopoulos Spiros , Liaparinos Panagiotis , Asvestas Pantelis , Kalatzis Ioannis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, we have evaluated the real-world conditions, the job outlook and the job satisfaction in the Biomedical Engineering (BME) sector in Greece on the basis of the experience of about 12% of the graduates of the BME Department of the University of West Attica, Greece. An anonymous online questionnaire, implemented on the Microsoft Forms platform using multiple choice questions, short text answers and Likert-based scales, became publicly available to the graduates of the BME department. About 12% of the department’s graduates responded to the survey. Results show that the time to first employment is very fast for both men and women. About 51.4% of men and 69.4% of women find their first job employment in the BME sector even before their graduation. The internship is considered important for first job placement by more than 50.6% of participants. BME jobs are perceived as most interesting (73.6%), in a good environment (71.9%), with satisfactory career prospects (45.9%), with satisfactory monthly net salary (44.2%) and satisfactory working hours (52.8%). Men are mostly employed in Service (40.5%), whereas women are mostly employed in Sales (33.3%). Most graduates with BSc degree are employed in Service (39.1%) and Sales (21.8%), most graduates with MSc degree are employed in Service (34.6%) and Hospitals/Health care centers (21.2%), and most graduates with PhD degree are employed in Academia and R&D (62.5%). Most well-paid participants (>1500 euros net salary) were PhD holders (71.5%), followed by MSc holders (25%) and BSc holders (16.2%). Maximum monthly salaries were found for those with more than 10 years of experience. In terms of BME sector, most well-paid participants (>1500 euros monthly net salary) are those working with R&D (86.7%), Sales (86.7%) and Management (60%). There is a high demand for biomedical engineers in the labor market in Greece, despite the continuing economic recession that the country is suffering from the past 12 years.
Food and agricultural industry locational determinants research: Aggregation bias and size measurement in the agricultural support industry
Authors: Carpenter Craig Wesley , Van Sandt Anders , Loveridge Scott 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFederal administrative data present a valuable opportunity for food and agricultural industry locational outcome research. We review issues with aggregated U.S. public data and summarize current methods. An example empirical approach combines federal administrative and secondary data. We compare results with differing levels of industrial aggregation. Results indicate locational determinants vary in magnitude, sign, and significance across industries and their sub-industries, as well as between employers and non-employers – nuances commonly missed with public data. We conclude by emphasizing that studies relying on public (more-aggregated) data may miss locational outcome relationships or inappropriately generalize to sub-industries and suggest data access changes.
Strong couplings for static locally tree-like random graphs
Authors: Olvera-Cravioto Mariana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe provide a general purpose result for the coupling of exploration processes of random graphs, both undirected and directed, with their local weak limits when this limit is a marked Galton–Watson process. This class includes in particular the configuration model and the family of inhomogeneous random graphs with rank-1 kernel. Vertices in the graph are allowed to have attributes on a general separable metric space and can potentially influence the construction of the graph itself. The coupling holds for any fixed depth of a breadth-first exploration process.
Managing ideational complexity in public policies: the case of public research funding
Authors: Lepori Benedetto , Reale Emanuela , Cocos Marta 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article examines how ideational complexity, i.e. the lasting presence of alternative policy frames in a policy domain, can be managed without leading to overt conflicts. By leveraging insights from the organisational literature, we suggest that, in most cases, alternative frames are kept apart within distinct policy instruments, while hybrid instruments are established only when required by the nature of the problem. We provide illustrative examples of how these strategies are employed in the case of public grant schemes for research funding. Our findings suggest that a) composite instrument mixes are an important resource to deal with ideational complexity, and b) the design of the instruments’ delivery package, and specifically its procedural and organisational dimensions, plays a central role in avoiding conflicts between policy frames. Accordingly, our analysis advances the unexplored issue of how the coexistence of alternative policy frames impacts policy implementation.
Revisiting variable-value population principles
Authors: Bossert Walter , Cato Susumu , Kamaga Kohei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe examine a general class of variable-value population principles. Our particular focus is on the extent to which such principles can avoid the repugnant and sadistic conclusions. We show that if a mild limit property is imposed, avoidance of the repugnant conclusion implies the sadistic conclusion. This result generalizes earlier observations by showing that they apply to a substantially larger class of principles. Our second theorem states that, under the limit property, the axiom of mere addition also conflicts with avoidance of the repugnant conclusion. This result is a consequence of a similar observation that appears in the earlier literature.
Existence and stability of singular patterns in a fractional Ginzburg–Landau equation with a mean field
Authors: GAO MIN , WINTER MATTHIAS , YANG WEN 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the existence and stability of singular patterns in a fractional Ginzburg–Landau equation with a mean field. We prove the existence of three types of singular steady-state patterns (double fronts, single spikes, and double spikes) by solving their respective consistency conditions. In the case of single spikes, we prove the stability of single small spike solution for sufficiently large spatial period by studying an explicit non-local eigenvalue problem which is equivalent to the original eigenvalue problem. For the other solutions, we prove the instability by using the variational characterisation of eigenvalues. Finally, we present the results of some numerical computations of spike solutions based on the finite difference methods of Crank–Nicolson and Adams–Bashforth.
A case of infective endocarditis in an 8-year-old boy 3 months after transcatheter atrial septal defect closure using Figulla Flex II occluder
Authors: Toyoshima Yuka , Tanaka Toshikatsu , Matsuhisa Hironori 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInfective endocarditis is a rare complication of atrial septal defect closure using transcatheter procedure. We report about infective endocarditis in an 8-year-old boy 3 months after transcatheter closure using a Figulla Flex II atrial septal defect occluder. Transesophageal echocardiography showed vegetation attached to the left atrium side of the device. Device removal and atrial septal defect closure were performed. The device was less endothelialized on the left than on the right atrium side. Therefore, insufficient endothelialization may cause infective endocarditis.
Financing the low-carbon transition: the impact of financial frictions on clean investment
Authors: Schuldt Hendrik , Lessmann Kai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCarbon pricing aims to shift the risk-adjusted returns on investment in favor of green technologies vis-‘a-vis fossil investment, relying on efficient capital markets to redirect investment accordingly. Capital markets with financial frictions can distort this transmission of climate policy. This study analyses the impact of emission taxes on mitigation and low-carbon investment in the presence of financial frictions. We develop a two-sector environmental dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model calibrated to the Euro Area, to simulate an economic transition in line with the EU climate targets. Financial frictions dampen the response of the economy to the carbon tax such that the emissions target will be missed by 11 percentage points. Moreover, the adverse effects of financial frictions increase when climate policy is delayed. We further identify a volume and a risk effect that drive the impact of a financial wealth shock and an uncertainty shock on emission intensity.
¡Míranos! a comprehensive preschool obesity prevention programme in low-income Latino children: 1-year results of a clustered randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yin Zenong , Liang Yuanyuan , Howard Jeffrey T , Errisuriz Vanessa , Estrada Vanessa Marie , Martinez Cristina , Li Shiyu , Ullevig Sarah Lynn , Sosa Erica , Olmstead Todd , Small Sharon , Ward Dianne Stanton , Parra-Medina Deborah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjective:To test a culturally tailored obesity prevention intervention in low-income, minority preschool age children.Design:A three-group clustered randomised controlled trial.Setting:Twelve Head Start centres were randomly assigned to a centre-based intervention, a combined centre- and home-based intervention, or control using a 1:1:1 ratio. The centre-based intervention modified centre physical activity and nutrition policies, staff practices, and child behaviours, while the home-based intervention supported parents for obesity prevention at home.Study outcomes:The primary end point was change in children’s BMI (kg/m2) at post-test immediately following completion of the 8-month intervention. Secondary end points included standardised scores for BMI (BMIz) and body weight (WAZ), and BMI percentiles (BMI pctl).Participants:Three-year-old children enrolled in Head Start in San Antonio, Texas, with written parent consent (n 325), 87 % Latino, 57 % female with mean age (sd) of 3·58 years (0·29).Results:Change in BMI at post-test was 1·28 (0·97), 1·28 (0·87) and 1·41 (0·71) in the centre + home-based intervention, centre-based intervention and control, respectively. There was no significant difference in BMI change between centre + home-based intervention and control or centre-based intervention and control at post-test. BMIz (adjusted difference –0·12 (95 % CI, –0·24, 0·01), P = 0·06) and WAZ (adjusted difference, –0·09 (–0·17, –0·002), P = 0·04) were reduced for children in centre + home-based intervention compared with control group.Conclusions:There was no reduction in BMI at post-test in children who received the intervention. Findings shed light on methodological challenges in childhood obesity research and offer future directions to explore health equity-oriented obesity prevention.