bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive disorders after wishplash cervical spine injuries in young females
Authors: Syrmos N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWishplash cervical spine injuries are serious traumatic situationsObjectivesAim of this study is to present cases of deppresive disorders after wishplash cervical spine injuries in young femalesMethods4 cases are presented. Range of age between 20 and 30 years old. All of them reported depressive disorders during the post traumatic period after wishplash cervical spine injuries mainly due to road traffic accidents.ResultsAll of them they receive appropriate neurological, psychiatric, psycological and rehabilitation support and treatment. They managed to have a good outcome after 12 months follow up.ConclusionsThe development of depressive disorders after such traumatic events remains a strong predictor of a variety of difunctions (social, personal, work etc). The emergence of depressive disorders in many cases remains unexplored and poorly understood. The effect into the the overall health remains a very important factor to investigate. The combination and collaboration of the various medical disciplines is essential in order to help young people.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Diagnosing ADHD in adults: Diagnostic tools and differential diagnosis
Authors: Gondek T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, with an estimated prevalence of 2.8% in adults. It is frequently comorbid with other mental disorders and may significantly affect global functioning, leading to stigma and social discrimination. Despite its widespread occurrence in adults, many general psychiatrists do not feel well prepared to diagnose and manage this disorder. Psychiatry training curricula rarely include rotations in specialized ADHD clinics for adults or specialized courses during residency, and in many European countries such specialized clinics for adults or the most recommended medications, are not even available. It makes the recognition and treatment of ADHD often overlooked, unless it has been diagnosed in childhood. Dr. Gondek will demonstrate the diagnostic process of ADHD in adults and main directions for differential diagnosis in cases of a complex clinical picture.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Bipolar disorder hospitalizations – a big data approach
Authors: Gonçalves-Pinho M. , Ribeiro J.P. , Freitas A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBipolar Disorder (BD) is a mental disorder characterized by long hospitalizations and frequent need for acute psychiatric care. Hospitalizations represent a valuable quality of care indicator in BD.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe a nationwide perspective of BD related hospitalizations and to use a BigData based approach in mental health research.MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study using a nationwide hospitalization database containing all hospitalizations registered in Portuguese public hospitals from 2008 to 2015. Hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of BD were selected based on International Classification of Diseases version 9, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes of diagnosis 296.xx (excluding 296.2x; 296.3x and 296.9x).ResultsA total of 20,807 hospitalizations were registered belonging to 13,300 patients. 33.4% of the hospitalizations occurred in male patients and the median LoS was 16.0 days. Mean age was 47.9 years and male patients were younger(46.6 vs. 48.6; p< 0.001). 59 hospitalizations had a deadly outcome (0.3%). The most common cause of hospitalization in BD was the diagnosis code 296.4x (Bipolar I disorder, most recent episode (or current) manic) representing 34.3% of all hospitalizations, followed by the code 296.5x (Bipolar I disorder, most recent episode (or current) depressed) with 21.4%. The mean hospitalization charges were 3,508.5€ per episode, with a total charge of 73M€ in the 8-year period of this study.ConclusionsThis is a nationwide study using BigData analysis giving a broad perspective of BD hospitalization panorama at a nationwide level. We found differences in hospitalization characteristics by gender, age and primary diagnosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Validation of the european drug addiction prevention trial questionnaire (EU-DAP) for substance use screening and to assess risk and protective factors among adolescents in chile
Authors: Gaete J. , Ramirez S. , Gana S. , Godoy M. , Valenzuela M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSubstance use is highly prevalent among Chilean adolescents, and the damage it causes at the neurobiological, psychological, and social levels is well known. However, there are no validated screening instruments that also assess risk and protective factors for this Chilean population.ObjectivesTo evaluate the psychometric properties of the European Drug Addiction Prevention Trial Questionnaire (EU-Dap).MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in 13 schools in Santiago of Chile. The sample included 2,261 adolescents of 10 to 14 years old. The linguistic and cultural adaptation was conducted using focus groups, the construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, and measures of its reliability were also determined. Furthermore, the associations regarding risk and protective factors with substance use were explored.ResultsSubstance use questions were well understood by adolescents. Regarding the subscales of risk and protective factors, they needed some changes, and once completed, all new subscales had good or adequate goodness of fit adjustment. Regarding reliability, all of the new subscales had good or acceptable internal consistency according to the omega coefficient (range from 0.69 to 0.89). Finally, most of the risk and protective factors measured by the questionnaire were strongly associated with different substance use outcomes, especially those related to positive and negative beliefs or attitudes towards drugs, normative beliefs, and refusal skills.ConclusionsThe current findings suggest that the EU-Dap questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument, and it may help to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions in the future.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Event related potentials in children with internet addiction disorder
Authors: Bakhtadze S. , Khachapuridze N. , Geladze N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionInternet addiction disorder (IAD) is defined as one of the commonest disorder in children and adolescents affecting 40 percent of them. Although it does not cause mental disorders it is known that IAD is commonly related with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The best approach to asses attention is recording of event related potentials (ERPs) especially late response like P300. There are growing evidence regarding assessment of attention in IAD with different questionnaires but less is known about evidence received with more valid measurements like P300.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to measure attention parameters in IAD subjects by using the most valid test–latency and amplitude of P300. We have examined 70 children with IAD aged 5-18 years. Children were divided into two groups: Group 1 (40 children) was matched as a study group including children with IAD and group 2 controls (30 children) without IAD and without ADHD.MethodsIAD was assessed by Young IAD scale. Children with Young scale less than 20 and with IQ less than 85 were excluded from the study. Recording of P300 was done by international protocol using oddball paradigm method. Statistical analysis was done by SSPS 26.ResultsIn study group increase in P300 latency was found (mean range 350-375 msc) while amplitude was normal (p <0.05). In controls both parameters were within normal range.ConclusionsIAD could be related with attention disorders causing poor attention span. This evidence is very important as they affect internet addicted children and adolescents’ social well being.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with mental illness: A two-wave survey of 1180 patients
Authors: Gil Y. , Speed M. , Jefsen O. , Kølbæk P. , Østergaard S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe crisis caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the lives of billions of people across the world. Individuals with mental illness are suspected to be particularly affected by the societal consequences of the pandemic, but there is very limited data on this important aspect.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to gauge the longitudinal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being and symptom levels of individuals receiving treatment for mental disorder in psychiatric hospital services.MethodsWe are in the process of conducting a two-wave, questionnaire-based survey among patients with mental disorders receiving treatment in the psychiatric hospital services of the Central Denmark Region. The first wave was conducted in July 2020 and had 1180 respondents representing all major diagnostic categories. The main finding was that the majority of the respondents reported that their mental health had deteriorated during the COVID-19 pandemic. We are currently planning the second wave of the survey, which will be fielded in the fall of 2020. Here, we will reassess the mental health of the respondents from wave 1.ResultsWill be presented at the meeting.ConclusionsLongitudinal studies of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic of mental health are lacking. We therefore expect that the findings of this study will be of significant interest to the field.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Clinical, psychopathological, and biological predictors of resumption of menses in subjects with anorexia nervosa: A 4-year follow-up study
Authors: Rossi E. , Cassioli E. , Castellini G. , Giardinelli L. , Fanelli A. , Fisher A. , Vignozzi L. , Ricca V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAmenorrhea is one of the most frequent and serious consequences of Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Resumption of menses (ROM) is considered an important goal and is associated with a better outcome.ObjectivesTo investigate the role of age, Body Mass Index (BMI), diagnostic subtype (restrictive vs binge-purging), history of childhood abuse, duration of illness, psychopathology and sex hormones on ROM in AN.Methods52 patients with AN and amenorrhea were enrolled at the start of treatment. Clinical parameters of interest were collected, and questionnaires were administered for the assessment of general (SCL-90-R) and specific (EDE-Q) psychopathology. Blood samples were taken to assess FSH, LH and estradiol levels. All patients were monitored regularly through psychiatric checkups until ROM, for up to four years.ResultsA total of 30 (57.7%) subjects recovered their menstrual cycle in the follow-up period (mean time: 18.7 ± 14.8 months). Recovery was more frequent in the binge-purging subtype than in the restrictive subtype (82.4% vs 48.6%, p=0.019), and was significantly associated with diagnostic crossover (odds ratio=10.0, p=0.032). Multivariate Cox regression showed an increased likelihood of menstrual recovery for binge-purging subtype (p=0.005) and for those reporting a history of childhood abuse (p=0.025). Early ROM was also associated with baseline SCL-90-R scores (p=0.002) and FSH (p=0.011), while a longer duration of illness (p=0.003) and EDE-Q scores (p=0.009) predicted a later recovery.ConclusionsThis study highlights the role of duration of illness, childhood abuse history and psychopathological characteristics in subjects with AN at the start of treatment in predicting ROM.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Gender differences in a forensic psychiatric ward: A retrospective study
Authors: Jesus M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe criminality associated with psychiatric disorders has been extensively studied with some studies showing a greater risk of violence in these patients. The gender differences in the general psychiatric population and can have an impact in the characteristics of a forensic population.ObjectivesThe authors aim to study the gender differences regarding diagnosis, type of crime and other characteristics in a forensic ward population.MethodsA retrospective study was designed, including patients admitted in the Forensic ward of Coimbra Hospital and University Center between 2018 and 2020.ResultsOur study included 110 patients, 19 women and 91 men. Although psychotic disorders were the most common in both groups, particularly schizophrenia, mood disorders were significantly more common in women, with a risk of 7,768. This was explained by a greater prevalence of depressive episodes in women. These were associated with a particular type of crime, infanticide, that was not found in the men group. This might contribute to a greater prevalence of violent crimes in women. There was a chance of committing crimes against the offspring of 24 in women. The use of psychoactive substances was significantly greater in men, with a chance of 12,906.ConclusionsConsidering that mood disorders are more common in women, these findings are easy to understand. The predominance of female perpetrators in infanticide is well described in the literature and can be associated with peripartum depression and gender roles. In this sample substance abuse was more common in man, like it’s seen in the general population.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A polymorphism in CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers is associated with the severity of extrapyramidal side effects of haloperidol treatment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders patients
Authors: Kibitov A. , Kiryanova E. , Salnikova L. , Zmeyeva E. , Shmukler A. , Kibitov A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSchizophrenia is one of the most severe mental disorders. Haloperidol and other first-generation antipsychotics are widely used for schizophrenia treatment, but have prominent side effects, primarily extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). The EPS severity is highly variable and may be underlied by genetic factors.ObjectivesWe performed a prospective study to test the association of DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A polymorphism (rs18000497) and CYP2D6 phenotype, predicted from genotypes using 8 CYP2D6 alleles (*3, *4, *5, *6,*9, *10,*41, xN) with EPS severity during haloperidol treatment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders patients.Methods57 inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (42,1% females; mean age - 46,7±11,8 y.o (M±SD) of European ancestry were enrolled in the study. Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS) were used to assess EPS on two timepoints: day 1 and day 21 of haloperidol treatment.ResultsTaqIA T-allele carriers in contrast to wild-type allele homozygous patients had higher scores of BARS (p=0.029) and SAS (p=0.024) on day 21. After stratification by CYP2D6 phenotype, these differences were observed only in extensive metabolizers (p=0.006 and p=0.001 respectively), although the CYP2D6 phenotype itself was not associated with EPS severity. The combined effect of TaqIA T allele with CYP2D6 extensive phenotype on BARS score on day 21 was confirmed by General Linear Model (p=0.013).ConclusionsOur results show that minor TaqIA T-allele is associated with the severity of EPS after 3 weeks of haloperidol treatment only in CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers. That highlights the importance of using both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic genetic markers in pharmacogenetic EPS risk assessment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The psychosocial factors in the formation of symptoms of dementia
Authors: Sidenkova A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe growing prevalence of severe cognitive impairment in populations, the involvement of a significant number of people of working age in the medical, psychological and social problems associated with dementia, the insufficiency and inconsistency of information about the mechanisms of formation of these disorders actualize a comprehensive social study of dementia.Objectivesthe psychosocial mechanisms of the formation of clinical, functional disorders in dementia, to develop comprehensive medical and psychosocial programs to help patients with dementia and those involved in caring for them, based on the proposals of the psychosocial model of dementiaMethodsA selective observational comparative dynamic study of 315 people with Alzheimer’s dementia and 214 people who care for the patients was carried out.ResultsChanges in family-role and social parameters, a high level of “expressed” emotions of caregivers have an adverse effect on the development of psychotic (r = 0.618), affective (r = 0.701), behavioral (r = 0.837) dementia disorders. The degree of adherence to anti-dementia therapy by the caregiver is one of the important factors determining the amount of care received by the patient (r = 0.698). Agitation / aggression (r = 0.761), anxiety (r = 0.562), sleep disturbances (r = 0.521) contribute to increased compliance. The low satisfaction of the caregiver with premorbid (r = 0.698) and current (r = 0.653) relationships with the patient leads to a decrease in the compliance of the caregiver.ConclusionsThe mechanism of psychopathological symptoms, functional disorders is heterogeneous, depending on the biological causes and psychosocial conditions of functioning of patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Perceptual processing links autism and synesthesia: A twin study
Authors: Neufeld J. , Leeuwen T. Van , Wilsson L. , Norrman H. , Dingemanse M. , Bölte S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSynesthesia is a non-pathological condition where sensory stimuli (e.g. letters or sounds) lead to additional sensations (e.g. color). It occurs more commonly in individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Condition (ASC) and is associated with increased autistic traits and autism-related perceptual processing characteristics, including a more detail-focused attentional style and altered sensory sensitivity. In addition, autistic traits correlate with the degree of synesthesia (consistency of color choices on an objective synesthesia test) in non-synesthetes.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate whether the degree of synesthesia for graphemes is associated with autistic traits and perceptual processing alterations within twin pairs, where all factors shared by twins (e.g. age, family background, and 50-100% genetics) are implicitly controlled for.MethodsWe investigated a predominantly non-synesthetic twin sample, enriched for ASC and other neurodevelopmental disorders (n=65, 14-34 years, 60% female), modelling the linear relationships between the degree of synesthesia and autistic traits, sensory sensitivity, and visual perception, both within-twin pairs (22 pairs) and across the entire cohort.ResultsA higher degree of synesthesia was associated with increased autistic traits only within the attention to details domain, with sensory hyper-, but not hypo-sensitivity and with being better in identifying fragmented images. These associations were stronger within-twin pairs compared to across the sample.ConclusionsConsistent with previous findings, the results support an association between the degree of synesthesia and autistic traits and autism-related perceptual features, however restricted to specific domains. Further, the results indicate that a twin design can be more sensitive for detecting these associations.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
How far in the future can we predict others’ affective states?
Authors: Cappello E. , Lettieri G. , Handjaras G. , Ricciardi E. , Pietrini P. , Cecchetti L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionHuman social interactions are rooted in the ability to understand and predict one’s own and others emotions. Individuals develop accurate mental models of emotional transitions (MMET) by observing regularities in affective experiences (DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1616056114) and a failure in this regard can produce maladaptive behaviors, one of the hallmark features in several psychiatric conditions.ObjectivesTo investigate whether MMET are stable over time and which emotion dimensions (e.g., valence, dominance) influence MMET over time.MethodsWe selected thirty-seven emotion categories (DOI: 10.1177/0539018405058216) and five different time intervals (from 15 minutes to 4 days). Sixty-two healthy participants rated the likelihood of transition between all possible pairs of affective states at each time interval.ResultsAs expected, we observed a trend toward uncertainty as the timescale increased. In addition, the probability of shifting between two affective states having the same valence (e.g., happiness and contentment) was rated higher than for emotions with opposite polarity (e.g., happiness and sadness). Even though this pattern becomes gradually noisier for predictions far in the future, it is still present for infradian intervals (Fig.1).ConclusionsOur results suggest that MMET are informed by the valence dimension and moderately influenced by the timescale of the prediction. These findings in the healthy population may prompt the exploration of emotion dynamics in psychiatric conditions. Future studies could leverage the MMET approach to test whether specific psychiatric disorders (e.g., bipolar disorder) are associated with abnormal patterns of emotion transitions.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Sensory experience in obsessive compulsive disorder - sensiocd: Do they think or feel differently?
Authors: Da Costa I. Soares , Covelo V. , Moreira R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated to a wide range of symptomatic expression and treatment response variability [1]. Sensory perception has been identified as an emerging factor in this process [2]. Sensory vulnerability and atypical sensory experience were identified as risk factors for the development of OCD [3] and a sensory subtype of the disease was proposed in which there is a positive correlation with early onset sensory symptoms, male gender and family background [4]. Adding to the atypical sensory profile, obsessions are frequently experienced as partially perceptual.ObjectivesOur main goals are to characterize the sensory perception in OCD patients; assess the prevalence and intensity of the sensory properties of the obsessive thoughts and explore the how sensory perception, obsessive thoughts and obsessive dimensions/clusters are interrelated.MethodsPatients with OCD diagnosis, aged 18 to 65 years and no comorbid mental disorder (except depression) will be recruited. The study battery will include participant form with demographical and clinical features, assessment of depressive and anxiety symptoms (HAM-A and HAM-D) evaluation of clinical outcome measures and obsessive dimensions/clusters (Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOQS) and Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44)), assessment of sensory perception and sensory properties of obsessive thoughts (Sensory Perception Quotient (SPQ 21) and Sensory Properties of Obsessive Thoughts Questionnaire (SPOQ)).ResultsThe results will help us understand the interaction between perceptual and cognitive processes in OCD.ConclusionsBetter definition of OCD psychopathology and the establishment of a sensory subtype may indicate the need of specific therapeutic indications or a different escalation of treatment measures.DisclosureNo significant relationships.