bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic evaluation of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: can we safely omit diagnostic ureteroscopy?
Authors: Trail Matthew , Rahman Muhammad Sajid Waheed , Broadhurst William J. , Blackmur James P. , Sharma Abhishek , Chew Etienne , O'Donnell Marie , Keanie Julian Y. , Brush John , Taylor John , Phipps Simon , Thomas Ben , Mains Edward A.A. , McNeill S. Alan , Leung Steve , Cutress Mark L. , Laird Alexander 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo identify clinicopathological or radiological factors that may predict a diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial cell carcinoma (UTUC) to inform which patients can proceed directly to radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) without the delay for diagnostic ureteroscopy (URS).Patients and MethodsAll consecutive patients investigated for suspected UTUC in a high‐volume UK centre between 2011 and 2017 were identified through retrospective analysis of surgical logbooks and a prospectively maintained pathology database. Details on clinical presentation, radiological findings, and URS/RNU histopathology results were evaluated. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate predictors of a final diagnosis of UTUC.ResultsIn all, 260 patients were investigated, of whom 230 (89.2%) underwent URS. RNU was performed in 131 patients (50.4%), of whom 25 (9.6%) proceeded directly without URS – all of whom had a final histopathological diagnosis of UTUC – and 15 (11.5%) underwent RNU after URS despite no conclusive histopathological confirmation of UTUC. Major surgery was avoided in 77 patients (33.5%) where a benign or alternative diagnosis was made on URS, and 14 patients (6.1%) underwent nephron‐sparing surgery. Overall, 178 patients (68.5%) had a final diagnosis of UTUC confirmed on URS/RNU histopathology. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, a presenting complaint of visible haematuria (hazard ratio [HR] 5.17, confidence interval [CI] 1.91–14.0; P = 0.001), a solid lesion reported on imaging (HR 37.8, CI = 11.7–122.1; P < 0.001) and a history of smoking (HR 3.07, CI 1.35–6.97; P = 0.007), were predictive of a final diagnosis of UTUC. From this cohort, 51 (96.2%) of 53 smokers who presented with visible haematuria and who had a solid lesion on computed tomography urogram had UTUC on final histopathology.ConclusionWe identified specific factors which may assist clinicians in selecting which patients may reliably proceed to RNU without the delay of diagnostic URS. These findings may inform a prospective multicentre analysis including additional variables such as urinary cytology.
Salvage irreversible electroporation for radio‐recurrent prostate cancer – the prospective FIRE trial
Authors: Blazevski Alexandar , Geboers Bart , Scheltema Matthijs J. , Gondoputro William , Doan Paul , Katelaris Athos , Agrawal Shikha , Baretto Daniela , Matthews Jayne , Haynes Anne‐Maree , Delprado Warick , Shnier Ron , van den Bos Willemien , Thompson James E. , Lawrentschuk Nathan , Stricker Phillip D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo prospectively assess the safety, functional‐ and oncological‐outcomes of irreversible electroporation (IRE) as salvage therapy for radio‐recurrent focal prostate cancer in a multicenter setting.Patients and methodsMen with focal recurrent PCa after external beam radiation or brachytherapy without metastatic disease on staging imaging and co‐registration between mpMRI and biopsies were prospectively included in this multicenter trial. Adverse events were reported following the Clavien‐Dindo classification. Validated questionnaires were used for patient‐reported functional outcomes. Follow‐up consisted of 3 monthly prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels, a 6‐month mpMRI and standardised transperineal template mapping biopsies at 12‐months. Thereafter follow‐up was guided by MRI and/or PSMA‐PET/CT and PSA. Local recurrence was defined as any ISUP score ≥2 on biopsies.Results37 patients were analysed with a median (interquartile range (IQR)) follow up of 29 (22–43) months. Median age was 71 (53–83), median PSA was 3.5 ng/mL (2.7–6.1). 28 (75.5%) patients harboured intermediate risk and 9 patients (24.5%) high risk PCa. Seven patients (19%) reported self‐limiting urgency, frequency, or hematuria (grade 1–2). Seven patients (19%) developed a grade 3 AE; urethral sludge requiring transurethral resection. At 12 months post treatment 93% of patients remained continent and erectile function sufficient for intercourse deteriorated from 35% to 15% (4/27). Local control was achieved in 29 patients (78%) and 27 patients (73%) were clear of local and systemic disease. Four (11%) patients had local recurrence only. Six (16%) patients developed metastatic disease with a median time to metastasis of 8 months.ConclusionThe FIRE trial shows that salvage IRE after failed radiation therapy for localised PCa is safe with minimal toxicity, and promising functional and oncological outcomes. Salvage IRE can offer a possible solution for notoriously difficult to manage radio recurrent prostate tumours.
Non‐neuronal TRPA1 encodes mechanical allodynia associated with neurogenic inflammation and partial nerve injury in rats
Authors: De Logu Francesco , De Siena Gaetano , Landini Lorenzo , Marini Matilde , Souza Monteiro de Araujo Daniel , Albanese Valentina , Preti Delia , Romitelli Antonia , Chieca Martina , Titiz Mustafa , Iannone Luigi F. , Geppetti Pierangelo , Nassini Romina 
Published: December 2022

Background and PurposeThe pro‐algesic transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel, expressed by a subpopulation of primary sensory neurons, has been implicated in various pain models in mice. However, evidence in rats indicates that TRPA1 conveys nociceptive signals elicited by channel activators, but not those associated with tissue inflammation or nerve injury. Here, in rats, we explored the TRPA1 role in mechanical allodynia associated with stimulation of peptidergic primary sensory neurons (neurogenic inflammation) and moderate (partial sciatic nerve ligation, pSNL) or severe (chronic constriction injury, CCI) sciatic nerve injury.Experimental ApproachAcute nociception and mechanical hypersensitivity associated with neurogenic inflammation and sciatic nerve injury (pSNL and CCI) were investigated in rats with TRPA1 pharmacological antagonism or genetic silencing. TRPA1 presence and function were analysed in cultured rat Schwann cells.Key ResultsHind paw mechanical allodynia (HPMA), but not acute nociception, evoked by local injection of capsaicin or allyl isothiocyanate, the TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) or the TRPA1 activators was mediated by CGRP released from peripheral sensory nerve terminals. CGRP‐evoked HPMA was sustained by a ROS‐dependent TRPA1 activation, probably in Schwann cells. HPMA evoked by pSNL, but not that evoked by CCI, was mediated by ROS and TRPA1 without the involvement of CGRP.Conclusions and ImplicationsAs found in mice, TRPA1 mediates mechanical allodynia associated with neurogenic inflammation and moderate nerve injury in rats. The channel contribution to mechanical hypersensitivity is a common feature in rodents and might be explored in humans.
Curaxin CBL0137 inhibits endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis via suppression of the Src‐YAP signalling axis
Authors: Ding Huanyu , Jiang Minchun , Lau Chi Wai , Luo Jianfang , Chan Andrew M. , Wang Li , Huang Yu 
Published: December 2022

Background and PurposeAtherosclerotic vascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Our previous study uncovered that endothelium‐specific knockdown of YAP suppresses atherogenesis, suggesting that YAP is a promising therapeutic target against atherosclerotic vascular disease. We established a drug screening platform, which aimed to identify new YAP inhibitors for anti‐atherosclerotic treatment.Experimental ApproachDrug screening was performed by a luciferase reporter gene assay. RNA sequencing was performed to acquire the transcriptomic profile of CBL0137‐treated endothelial cells. We assessed and validated the inhibitory effect of CBL0137 on YAP activity and inflammatory response in HUVECs and HAECs. We evaluated the vasoprotective effect of CBL0137 in vivo against plaque formation in ApoE−/− mice, using both disturbed flow‐induced and chronic western diet‐induced atherosclerotic models.Key ResultsWe identified CBL0137 as a novel YAP inhibitor from an FDA drug library. CBL0137 inhibited YAP activity by restraining its phosphorylation at Y357. CBL0137 inhibited YAP activity to repress endothelial inflammation. Mechanistically, CBL0137 suppressed YAP phosphorylation at Y357 via the tyrosine‐protein kinase Src. Furthermore, administration of CBL0137 ameliorated endothelial inflammation and the atherogenesis induced by disturbed flow and consumption of an atherogenic diet in ApoE−/− mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsTo our knowledge, this is the first study to identify CBL0137 as a novel YAP inhibitor. We have demonstrated that pharmacologically targeting YAP by CBL0137 inhibits atherogenesis. The present results suggest that CBL0137 holds promise as a new drug for the treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease.
Review: Patient engagement in child, adolescent, and youth mental health care research – a scoping review
Authors: Ali Amber Z. , Wright Bruce , Curran Janet A. , Newton Amanda S. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundYouth and children's lived experiences are rarely considered in studies seeking to improve or evaluate their mental health care. We conducted a scoping review to identify approaches to child, adolescent, and youth engagement in mental health studies as well as study‐reported barriers, constraints, and facilitators to engagement.MethodWe systematically searched six electronic databases for literature. We included studies of mental health care service design, development, or evaluation that involved engagement of children, adolescents, and/or youth with mental disorders or who intentionally self‐harm. Studies could be of any design as long as patient engagement was used at any point during its design and/or conduct. Engagement could include co‐designing health services/interventions and/or participating as a co‐researcher. We assessed the reporting of patient engagement using the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public 2 Long‐Form (GRIPP2‐LF) checklist and used the Experience Based Co‐design (EBCD) framework to guide data extraction and analysis.ResultsSixteen articles were included in the review. Most studies used engagement to develop or adapt a mental health service (75%) and utilized a participatory or co‐design approach (69%). Participants were namely adolescents and youth (aged 10–24 years) with some studies including young adults (up to 29 years old). Most studies followed less than 50% of the EBCD framework, and the commonly reported study barriers were related to aspects addressed in EBCD: time restrictions, recruitment, and generalizability. Frequently reported study facilitators included study methodology, youth engagement, and having a diverse participant sample.ConclusionsFindings from this review suggest that the EBCD framework is not commonly used to guide patient engagement in studies of mental health care services. Future initiatives should consider following the framework to ensure meaningful evaluation and improvements to youth and children's mental health care services.
The role of social support on the relationships between internet use and sleep problems in adolescents during COVID‐19 pandemic: a multicentre study
Authors: Orhon Filiz , Ergin Ahmet , Topçu Seda , Çolak Burçin , Almiş Habip , Durmaz Nihal , Aygün Burcu , Boran Perran , Bağ Özlem , Ayçiçek Tuğba , Altun Demet , Başkan Sevgi 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThis study examines the frequency of problematic internet use and sleep problems in adolescents aged 14–18 years during the COVID‐19 pandemic and identifies the impact of factors such as sociodemographic characteristics, internet habits, changes in daily life, and perceived social support on these problems.MethodsThis multicentre study was a questionnaire‐based online survey study. The questionnaire included the Young Internet Addiction Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, as well as questions about demographic information, internet habits, and changes in daily life during pandemic. Several multivariate Backward logistic regression models were run to determine the variables that predicted problematic internet use and poor sleep quality.ResultsIt was determined that the frequency of problematic internet use was 15.5%, and the frequency of poor sleep quality was 47.8%. Poor sleep quality was found 2.5 times higher in problematic internet users. The perceived social support was found insufficient in adolescents with problematic internet use and poor sleep quality. Various factors such as the excessive use of internet and social media, low school success, lack of physical activity, lack of rules for internet use at home, and worsening of relationships with parents were found to be predictive factors for these problems.ConclusionsProblematic internet use during the pandemic is associated with worsening sleep quality in adolescents. It is important to create special interventions for problematic internet use and sleep problems that develop in adolescents as a result of restrictions during the pandemic.
From trained immunity in allergy to trained immunity‐based allergen vaccines
Authors: Martín‐Cruz Leticia , Sevilla‐Ortega Carmen , Angelina Alba , Domínguez‐Andrés Jorge , Netea Mihai G. , Subiza José Luis , Palomares Oscar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInnate immune cells experience long lasting metabolic and epigenetic changes after an encounter with specific stimuli. This facilitates enhanced immune responses upon secondary exposition to both the same and unrelated pathogens, a process termed trained immunity. Trained immunity‐based vaccines (TIbV) are vaccines able to induce innate immune memory, thus conferring heterologous protection against a broad range of pathogens. While trained immunity has been well documented in the context of infections and multiple immune‐mediated diseases, the role of innate immune memory and its contribution to the initiation and maintenance of chronic allergic diseases remains poorly understood. Over the last years, different studies attempting to uncover the role of trained immunity in allergy have emerged. Exposition to environmental factors impacting allergy development such as allergens or viruses induces the reprogramming of innate immune cells to acquire a more pro‐inflammatory phenotype in the context of asthma or food allergy. Several studies have convincingly demonstrated that prevention of viral infections using TIbV contributes to reduce wheezing attacks in children, which represent a high‐risk factor for asthma development later in life. Innate immune cells trained with specific stimuli might also acquire anti‐inflammatory features and promote tolerance, which may have important implications for chronic inflammatory diseases such as allergies. Recent findings showed that allergoid‐mannan conjugates, which are next generation vaccines for allergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT), are able to reprogram monocytes into tolerogenic dendritic cells by mechanisms depending on metabolic and epigenetic rewiring. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of trained immunity in allergy will pave the way for the design of novel trained immunity‐based allergen vaccines as potential alternative strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
Genotype‐phenotype association in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21‐hydroxylase deficiency in children
Authors: Ermakhanova Tamara , Bazarbekova Rimma , Svyatova Gulnara , Dossanova Ainur 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical manifestation of various forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in children of the Republic of Kazakhstan, depending on their genotype.DesignThe study analysed 50 patients diagnosed with CAH from 7 regions of Kazakhstan with different ethnic origins: 35 Kazakhs (70.0%), 8 Russians (16.0%), 2 Turks (4.0%), 2 Ukrainians (4.0%), 2 Uzbeks (4%), 1 Uighur (2%). All the children studied were from 0 to 18 years old, and their average age was 5.7 years ±3.9. In addition, all children were divided into groups depending on the form of the disease according to the phenotypic manifestation of the disease: salt‐wasting (SW) and simple virile (SV) forms. Most of the patients suffered from SW − 32 (64.0%), and a smaller group had SV − 18 (36.0%), also one boy with SW was diagnosed with TART syndrome.Measurements50 Kazakh children with the classical form of CAH were analysed. Depending on the severity of the mutations, patients were divided into 4 groups: zero groups (the most severe mutations), A, B, and C.ResultsAccording to the results of the study, the salt‐wasting form of CAH turned out to be more common than the simple virile form. A high correlation was observed in groups with mutations of high and moderate severity − 0 and A, while group C showed a strong variability of the phenotype. Thus, the correspondence between genotype and phenotype decreased along with the decrease in the severity of the disease.ConclusionsThe relationship between the genotype and the phenotype of both forms of CAH exists indirectly, through the activity of the 21‐hydroxylase enzyme. Mutations in the CYP21A2 gene affect the level of the synthesized enzyme, which, in turn, determines the degree of hormone production in the blood.
Education and the social mobility conundrum: An examination of the ‘psychosocial and academic trust alienation theory’ in the context of disadvantaged students in the UK secondary education sector
Authors: Jones Caroline Sarah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to identify original insights into the educational social mobility conundrum in the UK via examination of the current body of empirical and existing literature associated with disadvantaged secondary school students. The lens of the ‘psychosocial and academic trust alienation theory’ (PATA) has been applied to explore themes of educational social mobility disadvantage, disengagement and alienation and trauma and trust. This systematic literature review followed PRISMA guidelines, with the SPIDER model adopted to demonstrate the search strategy employed which identified N = 58 publications for inclusion. The contribution of this research to the field of children, young people and society is three‐fold: Firstly, findings provide evidence of the additional educational psychological theory. Secondly, secondary education is identified as a pivotal milestone, where efforts to drive change for educational progress contributing to social mobility progress for disadvantaged students could be focused. Thirdly, the synthesis of current research and literature, identified that there is currently no existing literature related to the PATA theory positioned within the disadvantaged secondary school student context aligned to educational social mobility. This analysis shows that the issues experienced in the education system by disadvantaged students in secondary education correlate with the layered elements of the PATA theory, providing justification for further empirical research. Additionally, the insights reported here could be of interest to the children and young people sector, educational psychology community, educational policy‐makers and international groups who share similar social policy, social mobility demographics and educational systems.
Investigation and feed‐forward neural network‐based estimation of dyeing properties of air plasma treated wool fabric dyed with natural dye obtained from Hibiscus sabdariffa
Authors: Omerogullari Basyigit Zeynep , Eyupoglu Can , Eyupoglu Seyda , Merdan Nigar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the colouring processes of textile products, more environmentally friendly chemicals and finishing methods should be used instead of conventional ones that harm the environment every day, so that alternative realistic ways to protect nature, both academically and industrially, could be possible. Due to some inconveniences caused by synthetic dyes that are widely used today, in this study, ultrasonic dyeing of wool fabric with Hibiscus sabdariffa was carried out after environmental‐friendly air vacuum plasma application which increased the absorption of the dyes into the textile material. According to the performance results, colour strengths of the wool fabrics were increased significantly. Surface morphology analysis was carried out and etching effects of air vacuum plasma treatment were clearly seen on the micrographs of the treated wool fabrics. An environmental‐friendly green process was achieved through this study and it was concluded that vacuum air plasma treatment could be an alternative green‐process as a pretreatment to increase the dye up‐take of natural dyeing treatment. Moreover, in this study, a feed‐forward neural network (FFNN) model was presented and used for predicting the dyeing properties (L, a, b and K/S) of samples. The experimental results showed that the presented model achieves the regression values greater than 0.9 for all dyeing properties. Consequently, it was considered that the proposed FFNN was successfully modelled and could be efficiently utilised for dyeing characteristics of wool fabrics dyed with natural dye extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa.
Aspirin reverses inflammatory suppression of chondrogenesis by stabilizing YAP
Authors: Wang Xudong , Liao Hongyi , Liu Yong , Kang Yunze , Tu Qingqiang , Li Zhiwen , Kang Yan , Sheng Puyi , Zhang Ziji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) transplantation methods are promising candidates for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. However, inflammatory factors (such as TNF‐α) that occur at cell transplantation sites are critical factors that impair the effectiveness of the treatment. Previous studies have shown that aspirin (AS) had a regulatory role in stem cell differentiation. However, little is known about the role of AS on the chondrogenesis of BMMSCs. The purpose of this study is to explore the protective role of AS against the negative effects of TNF‐α on BMMSC chondrogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of AS and TNF‐α on BMMSCs chondrogenesis by performing the Alcian Blue staining, safranin O‐fast green staining, haematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining, as well as real‐time RT‐PCR and western blot assays. Our results demonstrated that TNF‐α inhibited chondrogenic differentiation of BMMSCs by disrupting the balance of cartilage metabolism and promoting oxidative stress in BMMSCs, while AS treatment attenuated these effects. Furthermore, a detailed molecular mechanistic analysis indicated that Yes‐associated protein (YAP) played a critical regulatory role in this process. In addition, AS treatment mitigated the progression of cartilage degeneration in a mouse destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model. AS alleviated the inhibitory effect of TNF‐α on chondrogenesis of BMMSCs by stabilizing YAP, which may provide new therapeutic strategies for OA treatment.