bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Conbercept for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion in minority areas of Southeast Guizhou
Authors: Zhu Tongle , Wang Fen , Yang Chunman , Xu Xiaoying , Yang Zhumin , Yang Yanan , Mao Yujie , Liu Caiyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Conbercept on macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion and to explore the relevant influencing factors.
Method: The clinical data of 94 patients (94 eyes) with macular edema (ME) secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2015 to September 2019 were collected. All patients received intravitreal injection of Conbercept. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), ellipsoid zone and external membrane integrity were observed before treatment and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment.
Result: The constituent characteristics of different nationalities in this study are 38.30% (36 / 94) of Han nationality, 34.04% (32 / 94) of Miao nationality and 27.66% (26 / 94) of Dong nationality.
The clinical baseline data (age, gender, preoperative BCVA, and CMT) of ME secondary to BRVO in different nationalities were not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in BCVA and CMT between Han, Miao and Dong nationalities at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation. BCVA in patients of different nationalities at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation was significantly higher than that before treatment (P < 0.05). CMT in patients of different nationalities decreased significantly after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months (P < 0.05). In the multiple regression analysis of this study, baseline CMT was not related to baseline BCVA (P > 0.05). Age, course of disease and ellipsoid band integrity were related to baseline BCVA (P< 0.05). Baseline BCVA and baseline external membrane integrity were related to BCVA (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: In the treatment of ME secondary to BRVO, Conbercept shows time stability and broad-spectrum demographic characteristics, and it can be widely used in ethnic minority areas in Southeast Guizhou.
Common driver mutations and programmed death-ligand 1 expression in advanced non-small cell lung cancer in smokers and never smokers
Authors: LIAM Chong Kin , YEW Chian Yih , PANG Yong Kek , WONG Chee Kuan , POH Mau Ern , TAN Jiunn Liang , SOO Chun Ian , LOH Thian Chee , CHIN Ka Kiat , MUNUSAMY Vijayan , IBRAHIM Nur Husna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there may be a relationship between programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, driver mutations and cigarette smoking.
Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, the relationship between common driver mutations (EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangement) and PD-L1 expression in advanced NSCLC according to the patients’ smoking history was examined. Light, moderate and heavy smokers were patients who had smoked <20, 20-39, and >40 pack-years, respectively. The level of PD-L1 expression, assessed using Ventana SP263 monoclonal antibody assay, was defined by the tumor proportion score (TPS) as follows: high expression (TPS ≥50%), low expression (TPS 1% - 49%) and no expression (TPS <1%).
Results: 101 (52.9%) of 191 patients were never smokers. EGFRmutations were more common in never smokers [65 (64.4%) of 101 patients] than in smokers [16 (17.8%) of 90 patients] (P<0.0001). A higher proportion of smokers had high PD-L1 expression [24 (26.7%) of 90] compared to never smokers [14 (13.9%) of 101] (P=0.042). High PD-L1 expression was seen in 32 of 110 patients (29.1%) with EGFRwild-type tumors but only in 6 of 81 (7.4%) patients with tumors harbouring sensitising EGFR mutations (P<0.0001). Among the 90 smokers, a higher proportion of heavy smokers [19 (35.8%) of 53] than non-heavy smokers [5 (13.5%) of 37] had high PD-L1 expression (P = 0.034).
Conclusions: High PD-L1 expression in NSCLC is more common in smokers than in never smokers, in EGFRwild-type than EGFR-mutant NSCLC and in heavy smokers among smokers.
The rates of adult neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis are linked to cell cycle regulation through p27-dependent gene repression of SOX2
Authors: Domingo-Muelas Ana , Morante-Redolat Jose Manuel , Moncho-Amor Verónica , Jordán-Pla Antonio , Pérez-Villalba Ana , Carrillo-Barberà Pau , Belenguer Germán , Porlan Eva , Kirstein Martina , Bachs Oriol , Ferrón Sacri R. , Lovell-Badge Robin , Fariñas Isabel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cell differentiation involves profound changes in global gene expression that often have to occur in coordination with cell cycle exit. Because cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 reportedly regulates proliferation of neural progenitor cells in the subependymal neurogenic niche of the adult mouse brain, but can also have effects on gene expression, we decided to molecularly analyze its role in adult neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis. At the cell level, we show that p27 restricts residual cyclin-dependent kinase activity after mitogen withdrawal to antagonize cycling, but it is not essential for cell cycle exit. By integrating genome-wide gene expression and chromatin accessibility data, we find that p27 is coincidentally necessary to repress many genes involved in the transit from multipotentiality to differentiation, including those coding for neural progenitor transcription factors SOX2, OLIG2, and ASCL1. Our data reveal both a direct association of p27 with regulatory sequences in the three genes and an additional hierarchical relationship where p27 repression of Sox2 leads to reduced levels of its downstream targets Olig2 and Ascl1. In vivo, p27 is also required for the regulation of the proper level of SOX2 necessary for neuroblasts and oligodendroglial progenitor cells to timely exit cell cycle in a lineage-dependent manner.
Odontogenic infections presenting to the Emergency Department: which patients are discharged to dental clinics?
Authors: Sklavos Anton , Lee Kai , Masood Mohd 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Odontogenic infections (OI’s) can present with a variable clinical picture to hospital emergency departments (ED). Some require inpatient surgical management due to the risk of airway compromise or systemic signs of infection. Other OIs are minor and can be managed in the primary care setting. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in OI’s requiring inpatient surgical treatment compared to those who can be discharged to their local dental practitioner.
Methods: This study analysed the in-hospital assessment of patients with OI’s presenting to ED, and factors which lead to surgical admission and inter-hospital transfers.
Results: 228 patients were studied, with 59% admitted for surgery and the remainder discharged to primary care. Smokers, patients treated with antibiotics prior to hospital, mandibular molar teeth, trismus and moderate to severe space involvement were associated with the need for inpatient surgical treatment. Anterior maxillary teeth, vestibular space infections, and low risk infections were likely to be discharged to primary care.
Conclusion: There are key features of OI’s which are associated with the requirement for inpatient surgical management. Minor odontogenic infections are often triaged to community dental clinics, and the dental workforce should be prepared to appropriately evaluate and manage these patients. At present there is a concerning trend of overreliance on antibiotics alone to treat odontogenic infections in the community.
A study on fraud of meat foods in China market: based on 1987 supervision and sampling inspection, import inspection and media reports
Authors: Zang Mingwu , Li Xiaoman , Li Dan , Zhang Kaihua , Zhang Zheqi , Wang Shouwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Economically motivated adulteration and food fraud (EMA / FF) is intentional conduct for economic gain, which have aroused great concern all over the world. Meat adulteration or fraud is one of the problems with the highest proportion in relevant cases, many food fraud problems have been found to occur frequently in meat products in China and abroad in recent ten years. Our research compilated 1,987 pieces of information on meat fraud and adulteration recorded by official circular information and media reports in China since 2012 to 2021, based on which we created a meat food fraud risk information database. The data covered fresh and frozen livestock, poultry, and various processed products. We conducted a summary analysis of EMA adulteration and fraud incidents by researching on fraudulent methods, types of contaminants, adulterated ingredients, involved foods and categories, risk links and sites, etc. The findings can be used not only to analyze meat food safety situations and study the burden of food fraud, but also help to promote the efficiency of detection and rapid screening, along with improving prevention and regulation of adulteration in the meat supply chain markets.
A case of Bilateral anterior thalamic symmetrical infarction
Authors: Wu Tong , LI He , Zhang Qian , Tang Wei , JIa Gehui , Li Lei , Zhang Yong , Wang Jiawei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Bilateral anterior thalamic symmetrical infarction is very rare in clinical practice and has not been reported so far. Here, we introduce a patient with symmetrical bilateral anterior thalamic infarction, and discuss his symptoms, treatment process, late follow-up and potential mechanisms.
Case presentation: A 71-year-old male had a sudden cognitive decline 4 days ago. The patient's brain MRI showed symmetrical high signals in the anterior part of bilateral thalamus. The patient's head MRV and immunological tests were normal. We consider this patient as a rare bilateral anterior thalamic infarction. After 10 days of anti-platelet aggregation, lowering blood lipid and improving circulation, the patient's symptoms improved significantly. Two years later, we found through telephone follow-up that the patient's symptoms did not change significantly, he was completely self-care, his reaction was normal, and only a slight recent memory decline was left.
Conclusion: For patients with bilateral anterior thalamic lesions with only acute cognitive impairment, the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction should be taken into account, and the treatment plan for cerebral infarction should be given as soon as possible.
Supervised home-based exercise prehabilitation in unfit patients scheduled for pancreatic surgery: study protocol of a multicenter feasibility study
Authors: Hildebrand Nicole D. , Wijma Allard G. , Bongers Bart C. , Rensen Sander S. , Dulk Marcel , Klaase Joost M. , Damink Steven W.M. Olde 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Morbidity rates in pancreatic surgery are high, and especially frail patients with low aerobic capacity are at risk of complications and require specialized prophylactic interventions. Previous studies of small patient cohorts receiving intra-abdominal surgery have shown that an exercise prehabilitation program increases aerobic capacity, leading to better treatment outcomes. In this study we aim to assess the feasibility of a home-based exercise prehabilitation program in unfit patients scheduled for pancreatic surgery on a larger scale.
Methods: In this multicenter study adult patients scheduled for elective pancreatic surgery, with a preoperative oxygen uptake (VO2) at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold ≤13 mL/kg/min and/or a VO2 at peak exercise (VO2peak) ≤18 mL/kg/min will be recruited. The study will be conducted in a pretest-posttest design. A total of 30 patients will be included in the four-week home-based, partly supervised exercise prehabilitation program on an advanced cycle ergometer. The program comprises 30-minute high-intensity interval training three times a week. Training intensity will be based on a steep ramp test (i.e., an abbreviated maximum exercise test on the advanced ergometer) performance, aiming to improve aerobic fitness. Twice a week, patients will perform functional task exercises to improve muscle function and functional mobility. Every week, a steep ramp test will be repeated, and training intensity will be adjusted accordingly. Next to assessing feasibility (participation rate, reasons for non-participation, adherence, dropout rate, reasons for dropout, adverse events, and patient and therapist appreciation) of this exercise prehabilitation program, we will evaluate individual patient’s responses to prehabilitation on aerobic capacity, functional mobility, body composition, perceived fatigue, quality of life, muscle function, and immune system factors.
Discussion: Results of this study will provide important clinical and scientific knowledge on the feasibility of a partly supervised home-based exercise prehabilitation program in a vulnerable patient population. This might ease the path to implementing prehabilitation programs in unfit patients undergoing complex abdominal surgery, such as pancreatic surgery.
Trial registration: This study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the Maastricht University Medical Center+ (METC azM/UM), the Netherlands (registration number METC20-090, NL75340.068.20, September 2021) and is registered in the Clinicaltrials.gov register (NCT05496777).
Age-related changes in the haematopoietic stem cell pool revealed via quantifying the balance of symmetric and asymmetric divisions.
Authors: Kawahigashi Teiko , Iwanami Shoya , Takahashi Munetomo , Bhadury Joydeep , Iwami Shigo , Yamazaki Satoshi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHaematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are somatic stem cells that continuously generate lifelong supply of blood cells through a balance of symmetric and asymmetric divisions. Recently, it is well established that the HSC pool increases with age. However, not much is known about the underlying cause for these observed changes. Here, using a novel method combining single-cellex vivoHSC expansion with mathematical modeling, we quantify HSC division types (stem cell - stem cell (S-S) division, stem cell - progenitor cell (S-P) division, and progenitor cell - progenitor cell (P-P) division) as a function of the ageing process. Our time-series experiments reveal how changes in these three modes of division can explain the increase in HSC numbers with age. Contrary to the popular notion that HSCs divide predominantly through S-P divisions, we show that S-S divisions are predominant throughout the lifespan of the animal, thereby expanding the HSC pool. We, therefore, provide a novel mathematical model-based experimental validation for reflecting HSC dynamicsin vivo.
Psychological Distress During COVID-19 Confinement in Persons After Bariatric Metabolic Surgery.
Authors: Armenta-Rojas Efrain , González-Sánchez Daniela Lilian , Andade-Soto Victor Hugo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
People with obesity often suffer from distress and psychopathological symptoms that diminish after undergoing bariatric metabolic surgery; however, the confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the general population in this sense. Considering that the bariatric population has a higher risk for the development of these disorders, it is important that they are identified in order to prevent or treat them opportunely thus avoiding health risks. Therefore, this study aims to determinate the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic related distress and psychopathological symptoms in persons after bariatric metabolic surgery.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted including 102 participants with more than six months of undergoing bariatric metabolic surgery. Sociodemographic information was collected, as well as the COVID-19 related psychological distress and the psychopathological symptoms measured by the SCL-90R. A path analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the variables.
Results
90.2% of the participants were women, 84% had been under surgery with a Sleeve Gastrectomy technique while the rest underwent Roux-Y Gastric Bypass. The obtained model showed a significant correlation between the SCL 90-R subscales and the COVID-19 related psychological distress and both were negatively correlated to participants age. The model had adequate goodness-of-fit indicators (Chi-square goodness-of-fit (χ2): 78.007, df: 64, p:0.112; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA): 0.047; Goodness of Fit Index (GFI): 0.907; Comparative Fit Index (CFI): 0.991; Parsimony Normed Fit Index (PNFI): 0.670; Akaike Information Criterion (AIC): 160.007).
Conclusions
The psychological distress caused by the pandemic and confinement is evidenced by higher scores on the SCL-90R instrument. However, further studies and psychometric tests with more homogeneous samples with respect to sex and surgical technique are needed.
Integrated Quantum Optical Phase Sensor
Authors: Stokowski Hubert , McKenna Timothy , Park Taewon , Hwang Alexander , Dean Devin , Celik Oguz , Ansari Vahid , Fejer Martin M. , Safavi-Naeini Amir 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The quantum noise of light fundamentally limits optical phase sensors. A semiclassical picture attributes this noise to the random arrival time of photons from a coherent light source such as a laser. An engineered source of squeezed states suppresses this noise and allows sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL) for phase detection. Advanced gravitational wave detectors like LIGO have already incorporated such sources, and nascent efforts in realizing quantum biological measurements have provided glimpses into new capabilities emerging in quantum measurement. We need ways to engineer and use quantum light within deployable quantum sensors that operate outside the confines of a lab environment. Here we present a photonic integrated circuit fabricated in thin-film lithium niobate that provides a path to meet these requirements. We use the second-order nonlinearity to produce a squeezed state at the same frequency as the pump light and realize circuit control and sensing with electro-optics. Using a 26.2 milliwatts of optical power, we measure (2.7 ± 0.2 )% squeezing and apply it to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of phase measurement. We anticipate that on-chip photonic systems like this, which operate with low power and integrate all of the needed functionality on a single die, will open new opportunities for quantum optical sensing.
Sleep quality analysis of Chinese medical civilians in the Subtropics during different stages of deployment
Authors: LI Qin , ZHONG Shan , LIU Yong , WANG Li , HUANG Xia , WANG Wei , TANG Ling , JIANG Ling , MA Rong , YIN Wanshuang , CHU Lingling 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Inadequate sleep and poor sleep quality have been linked to higher incidences of major industrial and workplace accidents. They also have been associated with poorer health outcomes, such as increased risks of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurogenerative diseases, and poor mental health. Therefore, it is important to ensure adequate sleep and good sleep quality to promote the physical and mental wellbeing of individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the sleep quality of medical civilians participating in a medical emergency rescue exercise, which involved travelling long distances on a train.
Methods: We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure the sleep duration and sleep quality during four different phases of the exercise, namely the training phase (T1), travel phase (T2), official task phase (T3), and quarantine phase (T4).
Results: The mean sleep durations during each phase were 6.678 h (T1), 6.64 h (T2), 6.41 h (T3), and 7.06 h (T4), and the mean PSQI score of the sleep quality across all four phases was 4.43. The highest proportion of sleep disturbance occurred during the travel phase (c2=477; p<0.001). The nonmedical team members had a longer sleep duration and a better sleep quality compared to those of the medical team members (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that medical civilians experience a shorter sleep duration and a poorer sleep quality during deployment. Interventions such as lowering acute stress levels and workload, promoting good sleep hygiene and attitudes towards sleep, and improving the sleep environment may help to improve the overall sleep quality of medical team members.
Psychosocial Determinants of Consistent Condom Use among University Students in Sudan: Findings from a study using the Integrated Change Model
Authors: Elshiekh Husameddin Farouk Siddig , Hoving Ciska , de Vries Hein 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Unprotected sex is common among university students in Sudan, thus increasing risks for STDs and HIV. As little is known about the psychosocial determinants of consistent condom use among this population, this study was designed to identify them. The Integrated Change Model (ICM) was applied in a cross-sectional design to identify in 218 students (aged 18–25 years) from Khartoum which items distinguish condom users from non-condom users. Condom users differed significantly from non-condom users in having more HIV and condom use-related knowledge, higher perception of susceptibility to HIV, reporting more exposure to condom use cues, having a less negative attitude towards condom use (attitude cons), experiencing social support and norms favouring condom use and having higher condom use self-efficacy. Binary logistic regression showed that peer norms favouring condom use in addition to HIV-related knowledge, condom use cues, negative attitude and self-efficacy were the factors uniquely associated with consistent condom use among university students in Sudan. Interventions seeking to promote consistent condom use among sexually active students could benefit from increasing knowledge about HIV transmission and prevention, raising HIV-risk perception, using condom use cues, addressing perceived condom disadvantages and enhancing students` self-efficacy to avoid unprotected sex. Moreover, such interventions should raise students` perceptions of their peers` beliefs and behaviours favouring condom use and seek health care professionals` and religious scholars` support for condom use.
Surgical treatment for intractable cholangitis with left-sided biliary cysts followed by Kasai operation in biliary atresia
Authors: Cho Yu Jeong , Kwon Hyunhee , Kwon Yong Jae , Ha Suhyeon , Kim Seong Chul , Kim Dae Yeon , Namgoong Jung-Man 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground: Intrahepatic biliary cysts (IBCs) after Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE) are associated with intractable recurrent cholangitis. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of its use as well as indication for surgical management of IBCs in pediatric patients.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and imaging studies of patients who underwent KPE for biliary atresia from 2010 to 2020.Results: In 28 of 129 patients, IBCs were identified by an imaging study (21.7%). Among them, five patients were subjected to surgical treatment for intractable cholangitis. The median time from KPE to the development of IBCs was 1.7 years. Four out of five patients had IBCs confined to the left lateral lobe, and in one patient, the IBCs were in the hepatic hilum. All five patients experienced more than one cholangitis. Although they received intravenous antibiotic treatment and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD) as treatment, they were intractable. Three patients underwent hepatectomy, and two underwent cystojejunostomy. There was no recurrence of cholangitis during the median follow-up period of 2.9 years.Conclusions: Surgical treatment for IBCs after KPE could be considered a safe and effective surgical procedure for children if appropriate indications are applied.