bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic value of immune-related genes AZGP1, SLCO5A1, and CTF1 in Uveal melanoma
Authors: Wang Wanpeng , Wang Sha 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveUveal melanoma (UM) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis and no available effective treatment. Therefore, exploring a potential prognostic marker for UM could provide new possibilities for early detection, recurrence, and treatment.MethodsIn this study, we used “ConsensusClusterPlus” to classify patients with UM into subgroups, screened for significant differences in immune prognostic factors between subgroups, selected three genes using LASSO (Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression to construct a risk model, and performed tumor immune cell infiltration analysis on the risk model. infiltration analysis, and then verified the heterogeneous role of the 3 core genes in other cancers by pan-cancer analysis and validate its expression by RT-qPCR in normal and tumor cells.ResultsWe consistently categorized 80 UM patients into two subgroups after the immunogenetic set, where the UM1 subgroup had a better prognosis than the UM2 subgroup, and used 3 immune-related genes AZGP1, SLCO5A1, and CTF1 to derive risk scores as independent prognostic markers and predictors of UM clinicopathological features. We found significant differences in overall survival (OS) between low- and high-risk groups, and prognostic models were negatively correlated with B cell and myeloid dendritic cell and positively correlated with CD8+ T cell AZGP1 and CTF1 were significantly upregulated in UM cells compared with normal UM cells.ConclusionImmunogens are significantly associated with the prognosis of UM, and further classification based on genetic characteristics may help to develop immunotherapeutic strategies and provide new approaches to develop customized treatment strategies for patients.
Computed tomography-based radiomics quantification predicts epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status and efficacy of first-line targeted therapy in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jiang Meilin , Yang Pei , Li Jing , Peng Wenying , Pu Xingxiang , Chen Bolin , Li Jia , Wang Jingyi , Wu Lin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundBiomarkers that predict the efficacy of first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are pivotal in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Imaging-based biomarkers have attracted much attention in anticancer therapy. This study aims to use the machine learning method to distinguish EGFR mutation status and further explores the predictive role of EGFR mutation-related radiomics features in response to first-line TKIs.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed pretreatment CT images and clinical information from a cohort of lung adenocarcinomas. We entered the top-ranked features into a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to establish a radiomics signature that predicted EGFR mutation status. Furthermore, we identified the best response-related features based on EGFR mutant-related features in first-line TKI therapy patients. Then we test and validate the predictive effect of the best response-related features for progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsSix hundred ninety-two patients were enrolled in building radiomics signatures. The 13 top-ranked features were input into an SVM classifier to establish the radiomics signature of the training cohort (n = 514), and the predictive score of the radiomics signature was assessed on an independent validation group with 178 patients and obtained an area under the curve (AUC) of 74.13%, an F1 score of 68.29%, a specificity of 79.55%, an accuracy of 70.79%, and a sensitivity of 62.22%. More importantly, the skewness-Low (≤0.882) or 10th percentile-Low group (≤21.132) had a superior partial response (PR) rate than the skewness-High or 10th percentile-High group (p &lt; 0.01). Higher skewness (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.722, p = 0.001) was also found to be significantly associated with worse PFS.ConclusionsThe radiomics signature can be used to predict EGFR mutation status. Skewness may contribute to the stratification of disease progression in lung cancer patients treated with first-line TKIs.
Quality assessment of clinical practice guidelines for neonatal sepsis using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II Instrument: A systematic review of neonatal guidelines
Authors: Amer Yasser S. , Shaiba Lana A. , Hadid Adnan , Anabrees Jasim , Almehery Abdulrahman , AAssiri Manal , Alnemri Abdulrahman , Darwish Amira R. Al , Baqawi Badi , Aboshaiqah Ahmad , Hneiny Layal , Almaghrabi Rana H. , El-Malky Ahmed M. , Al-Dajani Nawaf M. 
Published: August 2022

Background and objectiveNeonatal sepsis (NS) continues to be a critical healthcare priority for the coming decades worldwide. The aim of this study was to critically appraise the quality of recent clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for neonatal sepsis and to summarize and compare their recommendations.MethodsThis study involves a systematic review of CPGs. We identified clinical questions and eligibility criteria and searched and screened for CPGs using bibliographic and CPG databases and professional societies. Each included CPG was assessed by four independent appraisers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch &amp; Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument. We summarized the recommendations in a comparison practical table. The systematic review was drafted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Its protocol was registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (ID: CRD42021258732).ResultsOur search retrieved 4,432 citations; of which five CPGs were eligible and appraised: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP 2018) (35 and 34 weeks); Canadian Pediatric Society (CPS 2017); National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE 2021); and Queensland Maternity and Neonatal Services (QH 2020). Among these, the overall assessment of two evidence-based CPGs scored &gt; 70% (NICE and QH), which was consistent with their higher scores in the six domains of the AGREE II instrument. In domain 3 (rigor of development), NICE and QH scored 99 and 60%, respectively. In domain 5 (applicability), they scored 96 and 74%, respectively, and in domain 6 (editorial independence), they scored 90 and 71%, respectively.ConclusionThe methodological quality of the NICE CPG was superior followed by the QH CPG with relevant recommendations for use in practice.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021258732, PROSPERO (CRD42021258732).
Validity of Broselow tape for estimating the weight of children in pediatric emergency: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhu Shuzhen , Zhu Jihua , Zhou Hongqin , Chen Xiuping , Liang Jianfeng , Liu Lijun , Zhang Caidi , Zhao Yingying , Chen Yanyan , Wu Xiao , Ye Sheng , Jiang Kewen 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the validity of the Broselow tape in estimating the weight of Chinese children in pediatric emergency.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the emergency department of the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China) in March 2022. Broselow tape was used to estimate weight and its validity was compared with the advanced child life support (APLS) method.ResultsThe study included 442 children (mean age: 48 months; male-to-female ratio: 1.13:1). The &lt; 10, 10–19 and &gt; 19-kg groups included 44, 257, and 141 children, respectively. The color concordance rates of the Broselow tape-estimated weight in the three groups were 56.8, 57.2, and 68.1%, respectively. The percentage of weight estimations within 10% of actual weight were 65.8% (59.1, 65.8, and 68.1% for the &lt;10, 10–19 and &gt; 19-kg groups, respectively) and 44.8% (40.9, 50.6, and 35.5% for the &lt; 10, 10–19 and &gt; 19-kg groups, respectively) using the Broselow tape and the APLS method, respectively. The correlation between the Broselow tape estimated weight and actual weight was r = 0.931 (P &lt; 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.918–0.943), while the correlation between actual weight and the APLS method calculated weight was r = 0.883 (P &lt; 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.861–0.902). The mean percentage error using the Broselow tape was 1.0 ± 12.0% (P &lt; 0.001 vs. −7.2 ± 17.2% of the APLS method).ConclusionThe Broselow tape may be an available method for predicting the weights of Chinese children in pediatric emergency.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for the prevention of rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Ding-Fan , Fan Lin-Wei , Le Qi , Huang Cai-Bin 
Published: August 2022

Background: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has been performed on patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) to prevent rebleeding; however, the associated evidence is scarce. Hence, the study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of TIPS in patients with cirrhosis and PVT and promote personalized treatment in such patients.Methods: Literature was systematically obtained from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Data from the included studies were extracted, and meta-analyses by the random effects model were used to pool data across studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q and I2 statistics. The source of heterogeneity was explored using subgroup analyses and meta-regressions.Results: A total of 11 studies comprising 703 patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis (PVT: complete, 32.2%; chronic, 90.2%; superior mesenteric vein or splenic vein involvement, 55.2%; cavernous transformation, 26.8%) were included. TIPS showed feasibility in 95% of the cases (95% confidence interval [CI]: 89%–99%) with heterogeneity (I2 = 84%, p &lt; 0.01) due to cavernous transformation. The pooled rebleeding rate was 13% (95% CI: 7%–20%) with heterogeneity (I2 = 75%, p &lt; 0.01) explained by chronic PVT and anticoagulation (AC) therapy. Hepatic encephalopathy occurred in 32% of patients. The survival rate, portal vein recanalization rate, and shunt patency rate were 80%, 82%, and 77%, respectively.Conclusion: TIPS is feasible and effectively prevents rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis and PVT, regardless of cavernous transformation of the portal vein. Due to a potentially high risk of rebleeding and no apparent benefits of AC, post-TIPS AC must be employed cautiously.Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=258765], identifier [CRD42021258765].
Effects of 3,4-diaminopyridine on myasthenia gravis: Preliminary results of an open-label study
Authors: Ceccanti Marco , Libonati Laura , Ruffolo Gabriele , Cifelli Pierangelo , Moret Federica , Frasca Vittorio , Palma Eleonora , Inghilleri Maurizio , Cambieri Chiara 
Published: August 2022

Background: 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP) can lead to clinical and electrophysiological improvement in myasthenic syndrome; it may thus represent a valuable therapeutic option for patients intolerant to pyridostigmine.Objective: to assess 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP) effects and tolerability in patients with anti-AChR myasthenia gravis.Method: Effects were monitored electrophysiologically by repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) and by standardized clinical testing (QMG score) before and after a single dose administration of 3,4-DAP 10 mg per os in 15 patients. Patients were divided according to their Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) class into mild and severe.Results: No significant side effects were found, apart from transient paresthesia. 3,4-DAP had a significant effect on the QMG score (p = 0.0251), on repetitive nerve stimulation (p = 0.0251), and on the forced vital capacity (p = 0.03), thus indicating that it may reduce the level of disability and the decremental muscle response. When the patients were divided according to the MGFA classification, 3,4-DAP showed a positive effect in the severe group, either for the QMG score (p = 0.031) or for the RNS decrement (p = 0.031). No significant difference was observed in any of the outcome measures within the mild group (p &gt; 0.05). A direct effect of 3,4-DAP on nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs) was excluded since human nAChRs reconstituted in an expression system, which were not affected by 3,4-DAP application.Conclusion: Our results suggest that 3,4-DAP may be a useful add-on therapy, especially in most severe patients or when immunosuppressive treatment has not yet reached its full effect or when significant side-effects are associated with anticholinesterase.
Stable Sparse Classifiers predict cognitive impairment from gait patterns
Authors: Aznielle-Rodríguez Tania , Ontivero-Ortega Marlis , Galán-García Lídice , Sahli Hichem , Valdés-Sosa Mitchell 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAlthough gait patterns disturbances are known to be related to cognitive decline, there is no consensus on the possibility of predicting one from the other. It is necessary to find the optimal gait features, experimental protocols, and computational algorithms to achieve this purpose.PurposesTo assess the efficacy of the Stable Sparse Classifiers procedure (SSC) for discriminating young and healthy older adults (YA vs. HE), as well as healthy and cognitively impaired elderly groups (HE vs. MCI-E) from their gait patterns. To identify the walking tasks or combinations of tasks and specific spatio-temporal gait features (STGF) that allow the best prediction with SSC.MethodsA sample of 125 participants (40 young- and 85 older-adults) was studied. They underwent assessment with five neuropsychological tests that explore different cognitive domains. A summarized cognitive index (MDCog), based on the Mahalanobis distance from normative data, was calculated. The sample was divided into three groups (young adults, healthy and cognitively impaired elderly adults) using k-means clustering of MDCog in addition to Age. The participants executed four walking tasks (normal, fast, easy- and hard-dual tasks) and their gait patterns, measured with a body-fixed Inertial Measurement Unit, were used to calculate 16 STGF and dual-task costs. SSC was then employed to predict which group the participants belonged to. The classification's performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating curves (AUC) and the stable biomarkers were identified.ResultsThe discrimination HE vs. MCI-E revealed that the combination of the easy dual-task and the fast walking task had the best prediction performance (AUC = 0.86, sensitivity: 90.1%, specificity: 96.9%, accuracy: 95.8%). The features related to gait variability and to the amplitude of vertical acceleration had the largest predictive power. SSC prediction accuracy was better than the accuracies obtained with linear discriminant analysis and support vector machine classifiers.ConclusionsThe study corroborated that the changes in gait patterns can be used to discriminate between young and healthy older adults and more importantly between healthy and cognitively impaired adults. A subset of gait tasks and STGF optimal for achieving this goal with SSC were identified, with the latter method superior to other classification techniques.
Gut microbiome characteristics of comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and functional gastrointestinal disease: Correlation with alexithymia and personality traits
Authors: Guo Xunyi , Lin Feng , Yang Fengjiao , Chen Jing , Cai Weixiong , Zou Tao 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of intestinal flora in patients with functional gastroenteropathy and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and the relationship between intestinal flora and psychological factors.Materials and methodsFrom March 2020 to December 2020, a total of 35 patients with functional gastroenteropathy and generalized anxiety disorder, 30 healthy controls, 16 patients with functional gastroenteropathy, and 44 patients with generalized anxiety disorder were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. Fecal samples were collected from each group, and the related psychophysiological factors scales (Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, Neurotic Personality Questionnaire, concept of illness questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Severity of Physical Symptoms Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire) were improved. 16S rRNA high-pass sequencing was used to determine the correlation between intestinal flora changes and functional gastroenteropathy with generalized anxiety disorder. Then, the scale and gut microbiota results were analyzed for correlation to determine the correlation between personality traits and gut microbiota.ResultsWe found similar intestinal microbiota in patients with functional gastroenterology, generalized anxiety disorder, and functional gastroenteropathy with generalized anxiety disorder. But the relative abundance of Clostridium was significantly increased in patients with functional gastrointestinal disease (FGID) and generalized anxiety. The relative abundance of Haemophilus influenzae was significantly increased in patients with functional gastrointestinal disease without a generalized anxiety disorder. The intestinal microecological composition was significantly correlated with personality traits.ConclusionFunctional gastrointestinal disease comorbidity GAD may be related to an increase in the relative abundance of Fusobacterium. FGID non-comorbidity GAD may be related to the increased relative abundance of Hemophilus. The increased relative abundance of Fusobacterium and Megamonas is associated with personality traits such as difficulty describing feelings and difficulty identifying feelings, neuroticism, and negative cognition of disease.
The effect of unhealthy dietary habits on the incidence of dental caries and overweight/obesity among Egyptian school children (A cross-sectional study)
Authors: Mahmoud Sara Ahmed , El Moshy Sara , Rady Dina , Radwan Israa Ahmed , Abbass Marwa M. S. , Al Jawaldeh Ayoub 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundObesity and dental caries are public health problems in Egypt. Factors such as unhealthy diet, poor oral hygiene, and physical inactivity can play a major role in both problems. This study was carried out to illuminate the mutual unhealthy dietary risk factors associated with the incidence of both health conditions.MethodsBetween 1 October 2020 and 1 July 2021, 369 Egyptian children (5–10 years) were examined. Dental status was assessed using decayed, missing/extracted, and filled tooth indices (dmft, deft, and DMFT) for deciduous, mixed, and permanent dentitions, respectively. Moreover, the lifestyle, food habits, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded.ResultsA total of 342 (93.7%) of the included subjects suffered from caries, and only 27(7.3%) were caries-free. Based on BMI percentiles, 247 (66.9%) of the youngsters were overweight/obese, while 122 (33.1%) had normal weight. The mean dmft was 6.9 (±4.6), deft 4.2 (±3.3), and DMFT 0.1 (±1.7). In the primary dentition, a significant positive correlation was detected between dmft and BMI, legumes, sweetened milk and juice, soft drinks, and desserts, while a significant negative correlation was detected between dmft/deft, meat/poultry/fish, fresh fruits, and vegetables. A significant positive correlation was detected between deft and BMI, sweetened milk and juice, ice cream, candies, and crackers. In the permanent dentition, a significant positive correlation was detected between age, soft drinks, sweetened juice, desserts, and DMFT, while a significant negative correlation was detected with fresh fruits and vegetables. BMI was significantly negatively correlated with a healthy lifestyle, meat/poultry/fish consumption, and fresh fruits and vegetables while positively correlated with legumes, ice cream, soft drinks, granulated sugars, desserts, fast food, and caffeinated drinks.ConclusionOverweight/obesity was positively correlated with primary dentition dental caries. Desserts (sweetened snacks) and soft drinks could be the common risk factors associated with high caries and overweight/obesity incidence among Egyptian school children; conversely, consumption of fruits and vegetables could hinder both health conditions. Moreover, sweetened juices were associated with primary and permanent dental caries.
Brachial plexus birth injury and cerebral palsy lead to a common contracture phenotype characterized by reduced functional muscle length and strength
Authors: Nikolaou Sia , Garcia Micah C. , Long Jason T. , Allgier Allison J. , Goh Qingnian , Cornwall Roger 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionBrachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) and cerebral palsy (CP) both cause disabling contractures for which no curative treatments exist, largely because contracture pathophysiology is incompletely understood. The distinct neurologic nature of BPBI and CP suggest different potential contracture etiologies, although imbalanced muscle strength and insufficient muscle length have been variably implicated. The current study directly compares the muscle phenotype of elbow flexion contractures in human subjects with BPBI and CP to test the hypothesis that both conditions cause contractures characterized by a deficit in muscle length rather than an excess in muscle strength.MethodsSubjects over 6 years of age with unilateral BPBI or hemiplegic CP, and with elbow flexion contractures greater than 10 degrees on the affected side, underwent bilateral elbow flexion isokinetic strength testing to identify peak torque and impulse, or area under the torque-angle curve. Subjects then underwent needle microendoscopic sarcomere length measurement of bilateral biceps brachii muscles at symmetric joint angles.ResultsIn five subjects with unilateral BPBI and five with hemiplegic CP, peak torque and impulse were significantly lower on the affected versus unaffected sides, with no differences between BPBI and CP subjects in the percent reduction of either strength measurement. In both BPBI and CP, the percent reduction of impulse was significantly greater than that of peak torque, consistent with functionally shorter muscles. Similarly, in both conditions, affected muscles had significantly longer sarcomeres than unaffected muscles at symmetric joint angles, indicating fewer sarcomeres in series, with no differences between BPBI and CP subjects in relative sarcomere overstretch.DiscussionThe current study reveals a common phenotype of muscle contracture in BPBI and CP, with contractures in both conditions characterized by a similar deficit in muscle length rather than an excess in muscle strength. These findings support contracture treatments that lengthen rather than weaken affected muscles. Moreover, the discovery of a common contracture phenotype between CP and BPBI challenges the presumed dichotomy between upper and lower motor neuron lesions in contracture pathogenesis, instead revealing the broader concept of “myobrevopathy”, or disorder of short muscle, warranting increased investigation into the poorly understood mechanisms regulating muscle length.