bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan
Authors: Furukawa Hiroshi , Oka Shomi , Higuchi Takashi , Yamaguchi Miho , Uchiyama Shota , Koiwa Tomohiro , Nakama Moriyuki , Minegishi Masaaki , Nagai Hideaki , Tohma Shigeto 
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVES Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Serological testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) antibodies (Abs) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) Abs is performed to detect prior COVID-19 infection. It is still controversial which antibodies are the most sensitive and specific, and which can be detected earliest after infection. Here, we evaluated the results of serological tests of anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs in Japan. METHODS Symptomatic COVID-19 patients (n = 84) and control patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 93) were recruited at Tokyo National Hospital. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs were measured by commercial electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. RESULTS The fraction of patients positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs was highest >14 days after symptom onset. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S Ab positivity at this time (80.4%) tended to be slightly but not significantly lower than anti-SARS-CoV-2 N Ab positivity (84.8%). Optimized cut-off levels for anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Ab positivity were lower than the manufacturer's recommended cut-off levels. Using multiple linear regression analyzes with anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs, we created an Ab-index with high sensitivity. CONCLUSION To increase the sensitivity of serological diagnostic tests for COVID-19, it is suggested that both anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs should be measured and cut-off levels decreased.
The 2021 NICE guidelines for assessment and management of chronic pain: A cross-sectional study mapping against a sample of 1,000* in the community
Authors: Zambelli Zoe , Halstead Elizabeth J , Iles Ray , Fidalgo Antonio R , Dimitriou Dagmara 
Published: April 2022

Objectives To characterise the prevailing pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management strategies among adults with chronic pain, comparing these against the newly published NICE guidelines NG-193, and examine these pre-NG-193 pain management strategies in relation to pain severity, pain interference, sleep quality and mental health outcomes. Design This study was conducted using a cross-sectional online survey study design. Setting This study was conducted on a community-dwelling cohort. Participants Adults aged 18+, living in the UK, with diagnosis of chronic pain by a health care professional. Main outcome measures Primary outcomes were characterisation of the pain management strategies utilised. Secondary outcomes were related to pain severity, pain interference, sleep quality, depression and anxiety via validated self-report measures. Results Several strategies were employed by respondents to manage their chronic pain condition including physical therapy, exercise, psychological therapy and pharmacological therapy. The data also indicated a high level of joint-care planning among patients and their clinicians. Some group differences were found in relation to pain, sleep and mental health outcomes. Conclusion This study set a comparative starting baseline to which the efficacy of the NG-193 may be compared in future years. There is evidence that NICE recommendations are being followed for the management of chronic primary pain conditions; however, pharmacological use of opioid drugs is still reported by 47%. Despite the confirmed evidence in this study of small efficacy of chronic pain by pharmacological agent, the reduction in the use of pain relief medications be it over the counter medications or prescription opioids, as recommended by NG-193, may be slow to be adopted. The data suggest that more care provision is needed to meet the recommendations around pharmacological management and review.
Debonding of cast metal-based cantilever and fixed-fixed resin-retained bridgework: A review of the literature
Authors: Dunn Katharine , Funez Marcio Alejandro Umanzor , Pace-Balzan Adrian 
Published: April 2022

Aim: Cast metal-based resin-retained bridgework (RRB) offers a practical, conservative approach when restoring edentulous spaces. This review examines the debonding of cast metal-based RRB, comparing cantilever resin-retained bridgework (CRRB) and fixed-fixed resin-retained bridgework (FRRB) designs taking into context developments in RRB design, construction, and cementation over time. Methods: An electronic search was conducted through Medline and Embase with the aid of Boolean operators to combine the following key words: “adhesive bridges”, “resin-bonded bridges”, “resin-retained bridges”, “resin-bonded fixed partial dentures”, “cantilever”, “debond”, “fixed-fixed”, “decementation”, “failure”, “success”, “outcome”, “longevity” and “survival”. The search was limited to peer-reviewed articles written in English and published from 1995 through to 2019. Main findings: Thirty-one studies were included. Five studies compared the longevity of CRRB versus FRRB, five assessed the clinical performance of CRRBs alone, and 21 studies assessed the clinical performance of FRRBs. There was great variability in study design and the reporting of clinical outcomes, and an analysis and critique of the included papers is provided. Overall, CRRB tend to debond less and hence provide longer-term and more reliable clinical service when compared to FRRB. Principal conclusions: More high-level, long-term, prospective and clinical controlled trials are required to further analyse and evaluate the long-term outcomes of cast metal-based RRB.
In search of sustainable and inclusive mobility solutions for rural areas
Authors: Poltimäe Helen , Rehema Merlin , Raun Janika , Poom Age 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite emerging research on novel mobility solutions in urban areas, there have been few attempts to explore the relevance and sustainability of these solutions in rural contexts. Furthermore, existing research addressing rural mobility solutions typically focuses on a specific user group, such as local residents, second-home owners, or tourists. In this paper, we study the social inclusivity, economic viability, and environmental impacts of novel mobility solutions in rural contexts based on published scholarly literature. When doing so, we bring both permanent and temporary residents of rural areas under one research framework.

Methods
We used grey literature to identify and categorise novel mobility solutions, which have been applied in European rural areas and are suitable for travelling longer distances. By using six service flexibility variables, we reached four categories of novel mobility solutions: semi-flexible demand-responsive transport, flexible door-to-door demand-responsive transport, car-sharing, and ride-sharing. We analysed the social inclusivity, economic viability, and environmental impacts of those categories based on criteria and evidence identified from scholarly literature by including the perspectives of both permanent and temporary residents of rural areas.

Results
Our findings revealed that while single novel mobility solutions are seldom applicable for all rural travellers, strong spatial and temporal synergies exist when combining different solutions. The need for a connected and flexible set of mobility solutions sensitive to the temporal and spatial patterns of mobility needs is inevitable. Accessible and easily understandable information on routing, booking, and ticketing systems, as well as cooperation, shared values, and trust between various parties, are key success factors for sustainable rural mobility.

Conclusion
Integration of the needs of various user groups is essential when aiming to achieve the provision of environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable mobility solutions in rural areas.
In vitro octaploid induction of Populus hopeiensis with colchicine
Authors: Wu Jian , Cheng Xuetong , Kong Bo , Zhou Qing , Sang Yaru , Zhang Pingdong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Autopolyploids, especially artificial lines, provide model systems for understanding the mechanisms of gene dosage effects on trait variation owing to their relatively uniform genetic background. Here, a protocol for in vitro octaploid induction of Populus hopeiensis from leaf blades with colchicine treatment was established through investigation of the effects of different pre-culture durations, colchicine concentrations, and exposure times.

Results
We found that pre-culture duration, colchicine concentration, and exposure time had significant effects on the survival rate, shoot regeneration rate, and octaploid induction rate of P. hopeiensis leaf blades. The highest octaploid induction rate (8.61%) was observed when leaf blades pre-cultured for 9 days were treated for 4 days with 100 μM colchicine. The ploidy level of all regenerated plantlets was analyzed by flow cytometry and further confirmed by chromosome counting. A total of 14 octaploids were obtained. The stomatal length, width, and density of leaf blades significantly differed between tetraploid and octaploid plants. Compared with diploid and tetraploid plants, octaploids had a slower growth rate, smaller leaf blade size, and shorter internodes.

Conclusions
We established an effective protocol for inducing octaploids in vitro from autotetraploid P. hopeiensis leaf blades by colchicine treatment.
Gene variants of the SLC2A5 gene encoding GLUT5, the major fructose transporter, do not contribute to clinical presentation of acquired fructose malabsorption
Authors: Taneva Irina , Grumann Dorothee , Schmidt Dietmar , Taneva Elina , von Arnim Ulrike , Ansorge Thomas , Wex Thomas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
While role of ALDOB-related gene variants for hereditary fructose intolerance is well established, contribution of gene variants for acquired fructose malabsorption (e.g. SLC2A5, GLUT5) is not well understood.

Methods
Patients referred to fructose breath test were further selected to identify those having acquired fructose malabsorption. Molecular analysis of genomic DNA included (I) exclusion of 3 main ALDOB gene variants causing hereditary fructose intolerance and (II) sequencing analysis of SLC2A5 gene comprising complete coding region, at least 20 bp of adjacent intronic regions and 700 bp of proximal promoter.

Results
Among 494 patients, 35 individuals with acquired fructose malabsorption were identified based on pathological fructose-breath test and normal lactose-breath test. Thirty four of them (97%) had negative tissue anti-transglutaminase and/or deamidated gliadin antibodies in their medical records. Molecular analysis of SLC2A5 gene of all 35 subjects identified 5 frequent and 5 singular gene variants mostly in noncoding regions (promoter and intron). Allele frequencies of gene variants were similar to those reported in public databases strongly implying that none of them was associated with acquired fructose malabsorption.

Conclusions
Gene variants of coding exons, adjacent intronic regions and proximal promoter region of SLC2A5 gene are unlikely to contribute to genetic predisposition of acquired fructose malabsorption.
Adherence to appointments for gestational diabetes testing and experiences with two-hour postprandial glucose test: a mixed-methods study in Ghana
Authors: Agbozo Faith , Schuler Christina , Jahn Albrecht 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Failure to attend scheduled appointments is a common problem in healthcare. In obstetrics, diagnostic and treatment protocols for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) require client booking, test preparations, management and follow-up reviews. We identified the socio-demographic, obstetric and medical drivers influencing adherence to appointments for GDM testing and experiences of pregnant women’s regarding performing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Methods
A convergent parallel mixed-methods study comprising a cross-sectional survey and an explorative qualitative descriptive design were used. We recruited 817 women in their first trimester of pregnancy from the antenatal clinics of primary, secondary and tertiary health facilities in Ghana. After obtaining their demographic and health history, we scheduled them for 2-h OGTT between 24 and 28 gestational weeks and estimated the odds of returning for the test. In the qualitative phase, we called 166 participants to ascertain why they failed to report. Also, we had in-depth and focused group discussions with 60 postpartum women who performed the OGTT to explore their experiences with the test.

Results
Out of 817 pregnant women scheduled, 490 (59.97%) reported of which 54.59, 54.33 and 53.24% completed fasting plasma glucose, 1-h and 2-h OGTT, respectively. Maternal age above 35 years (OR: 3.56, 95% CI:1.49–8.47), secondary education (OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.19–8.69), formal sector employment (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.16–3.51) and having same-sex children (OR: 4.37, 95% CI: 1.98–9.66) increased odds of appointment adherence whereas healthcare in a tertiary hospital (OR:0.46, 95% CI:0.22–0.96), rural residence (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34–0.85) and being overweight (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.25–0.78) decreased the likelihood. Experiences were thematized into feelings about test procedure, acceptability of test, skillfulness of the health workers and information on the test. Despite the apprehension and discomforts associated with the test, the desire to know one’s disease status was the chief motivation. Empathy, reassurance and receiving ample information on the test procedures eased anxiety and improved test compliance.

Conclusions
Although 40% of participants scheduled did not return, the test was generally acceptable. Socio-cultural underpinnings influenced the health-seeking behaviors, meaning that health worker interactions on test procedures need to be sensitive to the woman’s situation.
Perceptions and attitudes around perinatal mental health in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: a systematic review of qualitative data
Authors: Insan Nafisa , Weke Anthony , Rankin Judith , Forrest Simon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Perinatal mental health (PMH) is a worldwide public health issue crossing cultural boundaries. However, the prevalence of PMH conditions vary considerably. These disparities stem in part from poor understanding and stigma surrounding PMH which hinder pregnant women from seeking mental health care and may exacerbate their conditions. Bangladesh, India and Pakistan are South Asian countries with a higher burden of PMH conditions than in the Global North-West and very different social and cultural norms around gender and mental health. The aim of this systematic review (PROSPERO Ref: CRD42020167903) was to identify, synthesise and appraise the available literature on perceptions and attitudes of perinatal (pregnant and postpartum) women, their families and healthcare providers surrounding PMH in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan.

Methods
Five electronic databases, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of science, and grey literature were searched using predefined search terms. Qualitative or quantitative articles with a qualitative component reporting perceptions and attitudes surrounding PMH in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan were eligible for inclusion, if published in English between January 2000 and January 2021. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Research Checklist and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional studies were used to assess study quality. Findings were synthesised using thematic synthesis, as described by Thomas and Harden 2008.

Results
Eight studies were included. Five overarching themes comprising 17 sub-categories were identified. These descriptive themes were: perceived causes of PMH, perceived symptoms of PMH, perceptions of motherhood, accessing PMH care and emotional sharing and coping strategies. Sociocultural expectations underpin many of the themes identified in this review including the importance of familial and societal causes of PMH, emphasis on physical symptoms, sacredness of motherhood, lack of awareness, stigma, shame, limited resources allocated for mental health and lack of emotional sharing.

Conclusions
There is a complex range of perceptions and attitudes around PMH which influence women’s experiences and access to PMH care. These findings will inform policy and practice through targeted interventions to tackle stigmatising attitudes and increasing education and training for healthcare providers.
The development and feasibility of a group-based household-level intervention to improve preconception nutrition in Nawalparasi district of Nepal
Authors: Diamond-Smith Nadia , Mitchell Ashley , Cornell Alia , Dahal Minakshi , Gopalakrishnan Lakshmi , Johnson Mallory , Weiser Sheri , Puri Mahesh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn a setting such as Nepal with malnutrition and persistent poor maternal and infant health outcomes, developing interventions to improve the nutrition of preconception and pregnant women is essential.ObjectiveThe objectives of this paper are to describe the full design process of an intervention for newly married women, their husbands, and mothers-in-law to improve maternal nutrition and gender norms, and findings from the feasibility and acceptability pilot.MethodsIn this paper we describe the three phases of the design of an intervention in rural Nepal. We first conducted a mixed methods formative phase which included in depth interviews with newly married women, their husbands and mothers-in-law (N=60) and a longitudinal study for 18 months with 200 newly married women. We then designed of a household level, group, intervention, in close partnership with community members. Finally, we conducted a pilot intervention with 90 participants and collected both pre/post survey data and in-depth qualitative interviews with a subset (N= 30). All participants from all phases of the study lived in Nawalparasi district of Nepal. Qualitative data was analyzed using a thematic analysis, with inductive and deductive themes and quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsOur formative work highlighted lack of awareness about nutrition, and how women eating last, limited mobility, household and community inequitable gender norms and poor household-level communication contributed to low quality diets. Thus we designed Sumadhur, an intervention that brought groups of households (newly married wife, husband, and mother-in-law) together weekly for four months to strengthen relationships and gain knowledge through interactive content. We found Sumadhur to be highly feasible and acceptable by all respondents, with most (83%) attending 80% of sessions or more and 99% reporting that they would like it to continue. Pre/post surveys showed a decrease in the proportion of women eating last and increase in knowledge about nutrition in preconception and pregnancy. Qualitative interviews suggested that respondents felt it made large impacts on their lives, in terms of strengthening relationships and trust, understanding each other, and changing behaviors.ConclusionsWe show how a designing an intervention in close partnership with the target recipients and local stakeholders can lead to an intervention that is able to target complicated and culturally held practices and beliefs, positively benefit health and wellbeing, and that is very well received.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.govNCT04383847, registered 05/12/2020
Text-messaging to promote smoking cessation among individuals with opioid use disorder: quantitative and qualitative evaluation
Authors: Shankar Divya , Borrelli Belinda , Cobb Vinson , Quintiliani Lisa M. , Palfai Tibor , Weinstein Zoe , Bulekova Katia , Kathuria Hasmeena 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) who smoke cigarettes have high tobacco-related comorbidities, lack of access to tobacco treatment, lack of inclusion in smoking cessation trials, and remain understudied in the mobile health field. The purpose of this study was to understand patients’ with OUD perceptions of 1) text message programs to promote smoking cessation, 2) content and features to include in such a program, and 3) how message content should be framed.

Methods
From December 2018 to February 2019, we recruited 20 hospitalized individuals with a concurrent diagnosis of OUD and tobacco dependence at Boston Medical Center (BMC), the largest safety-net hospital in New England. We surveyed participants’ cell phone use, their interest in a text message program to promote smoking cessation, and their reactions to and ratings of a series of 26 prototype texts. We then conducted open-ended interviews to elicit content and suggestions on how text message interventions can improve motivation to increase smoking cessation among individuals with OUD. The interviews also included open-ended inquiries exploring message ratings and message content, inquiries about preferences for message duration, frequency, and personalization.

Results
Quantitative analysis of questionnaire data indicated that the majority of participants owned a cell phone (95%, 19/20). Most participants (60%, 12/20) reported that they would be interested or very interested in receiving text messages about smoking cessation. Text messages about the health benefits of quitting were rated the highest among various categories of text messages. Qualitative analysis showed that almost every participant felt that text messages would help motivate smoking cessation given the support it would provide.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that individuals with OUD who smoke cigarettes perceive that a text message program designed to promote smoking cessation would motivate and support smoking cessation efforts. Our findings demonstrate that such a program is feasible as participants own cell phones, frequently send and receive text messages, and have unlimited text message plans. Findings from this study provide valuable insight into content and features to include when developing text message programs to address barriers to smoking cessation in individuals who have OUD and smoke cigarettes.