bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the inclusivity of the national CLAS standards enhancement initiative of bisexual identities
Authors: Pavão Carlos A. O. , McLeroy Kenneth R. , Lincoln Yvonna S. , Burdine James N. , Wright Eric R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter reports on the evaluation of state and local level National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care (aka CLAS Standards), specifically those standards addressing the health needs of sexual minority individuals, with an emphasis on the inclusion of bisexual+ communities and the implications of bisexual+ (non)inclusion in CLAS standards. At the state and local levels, bisexual identity is rarely recognized as distinct from other sexual identities. This lack of representation raises an essential issue of how local communities, states, and the federal government struggle with sexual minority data classification and prioritizing health benchmarks for sexual minority populations and subpopulations. We also found that the CLAS cultural competency policy definition at the federal level lacks an appropriate degree of bi‐inclusivity. The findings from this study reveal that the five states in our sample implemented CLAS Standards in ways that demonstrated bi‐erasure. Specifically, states defined gender and sexual minorities through exclusionary categories that place emphasis on the “Other”. LGBTQ+ evaluators can rely on the Principles of LGBTQ+ Evaluation to create strategies that demonstrate how to effectively address the intersecting ramifications of bi‐erasure at the policy level.
Perspectives from LGBTQ+ serving CBO leaders on equitable community‐academic partnerships in evaluation
Authors: Wade LaSaia , Skora Stephanie , Glenn Erik Elías 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the United States, human service, public health, and healthcare organizations are dedicated to improving health equity among our society's most vulnerable. A wealth of literature highlights the importance of targeting root causes of inequity, however, intervention‐based attempts to improve health outcomes and reduce disparities have varied in their success. Too frequently, public health interventions fail to center community priorities and challenge oppressive regimes. At the same time, calls grow to pilot and evaluate new systems of care and service to replace antiquated, patchwork systems that depend on power imbalances and resource hoarding. The authors of this article, as current and recent leaders of Black‐led, LGBTQ+ organizations, engage in a conversation, in which we reflect on the power dynamics and pitfalls associated with community‐academic partnerships. Through our dialogue, we invite readers to internalize our testimony and re‐envision the role of the evaluator as a champion of liberation. Only through disrupting the status quo can evaluation hope to stand in community with “priority populations” and join the fight to achieve health equity. As members of the communities we serve, we transgress traditional means of how power and stature are allocated by being present in this special issue. We speak bluntly to honor our truth and inform evaluators in the process of fostering partnerships.
Donkey whey protein and peptides regulate gut microbiota community and physiological functions of D‐galactose‐induced aging mice
Authors: Zhou Xueyan , Tian Xiaojing , Song Li , Luo Li , Ma Zhongren , Zhang Fumei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe prolongation of life span has attracted more and more attention in the current world. Gut microbiota is considered one of the most critical elements and is essential in regulating life span and quality. The effects of donkey whey protein (DWP) and donkey whey hydrolysate (DWPP) on physiological functions and gut microbiota of D‐galactose‐induced aging mice were investigated to find new strategies for resisting aging. Our results showed that DWP and DWPP could increase the body weight gain velocity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and thymus index, whereas decrease the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and improve the aging of the body in the liver congestion, oozy draw focal sclerosis of chronic inflammation. The effects of medium and high concentrations of DWP and low and medium concentrations of DWPP were the same as the vitamin C (Vc)‐positive control group. It was found that both DWP and DWPP could change α‐diversity; the relative abundance of Lactobacillus increased, whereas the relative abundance of Helicobacter and Stenotrophomonas decreased after being treated with DWP and DWPP. The correlation between intestinal microflora and physiological indexes showed that chao1, ACE, and observed species indexes in the α index were positively correlated with weight gain velocity, SOD activity, and thymus index. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus was positively correlated with SOD and thymus index but negatively correlated with MDA. The relative abundance of Stenotrophomonas was opposite to that of Lactobacillus. The Anaerobiospirillum, Fusobacterium, and Dubosiella had a significant positive correlation with the weight gain velocity. The study provided a deeper more profound understanding of the potential use of DWP and DWPP in senescence delays.
Low‐molecular weight oligosaccharides from gum tragacanth (Astragalus gossypinus) ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Wistar male rats
Authors: Hossein Zadeh Zahra , Najdegerami Ebrahim H. , Nikoo Mehdi , Nejati Vahid , Ahmadi Gavlighi Hassan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease affecting 25% of the world's population. The effects of oligosaccharides from Gum tragacanth (Astragalus gossypinus) (GT) on oxidative stress, glucose metabolism, and expression of autophagy genes were investigated in induced non‐alcoholic fatty liver. Twenty‐four male healthy rats were divided into four groups, Control; high‐fat diet, high‐fat diet + 100 mg GT oligosaccharides/kg body weight, high‐fat diet + 200 mg GT oligosaccharides/kg body weight and fed with the trial diets for 70 days. At the end of the experiment, the results indicated that GT oligosaccharides affected the weight gain and liver weight in NAFLD‐induced rats. In addition, the results showed that the use of GT oligosaccharides significantly decreased oxidative stress, liver injury, and hyperglycemia (p < .05) and upregulated the expression of autophagy genes in NAFLD‐induced rats.Practical applicationsOverall, the results of the current study demonstrated that the use of GT oligosaccharides obtained from Gum tragacanth (Astragalus gossypinus) showed significant antioxidant properties and hypoglycemia in NAFLD induced rats and could be used as a useful nutritional strategy for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
Intensified conditioning regimens improved disease‐free survival and engraftment after unrelated single‐unit cord blood transplantation but not after matched sibling or matched unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Konuma Takaaki , Kanda Junya , Uchida Naoyuki , Nishijima Akihiko , Tanaka Masatsugu , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Sawa Masashi , Onizuka Makoto , Ota Shuichi , Maruyama Yumiko , Kanda Yoshinobu , Kawakita Toshiro , Ara Takahide , Eto Tetsuya , Nakamae Hirohisa , Kimura Takafumi , Fukuda Takahiro , Atsuta Yoshiko ,   for the Donor/Source Working Group of theJapanese Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe impact of conditioning intensity on different donor groups has been unclear in allogeneic transplantation. The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of conditioning intensity on disease‐free survival (DFS), relapse, non‐relapse mortality (NRM), neutrophil engraftment, and graft‐versus‐host disease for each donor type. We retrospectively evaluated the effect of conditioning intensity on transplant outcomes for patients with acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome aged between 16 and 60 years in Japan using the transplant conditioning intensity (TCI) scoring system. A total of 8526 patients who received first allogeneic transplantation from 6/6 antigen‐matched sibling donor (MSD, n = 2768), 8/8 allele‐matched unrelated donor (MUD, n = 2357), and unrelated single‐cord blood (UCB, n = 3401) were eligible for the analyses. Compared to conditioning with TCI score 4.0, which was corresponds to conventional myeloablative conditioning, including cyclophosphamide with total body irradiation 12 Gy or busulfan 12.8 mg, and was considered as the reference group in the multivariate analyses, intensified conditioning with TCI score ≥4.5 improved DFS (hazard ratio [HR],0.81, P < 0.001) and relapse rate (HR, 0.70, P < 0.001) but only after UCB transplants and not MSD and MUD transplants. In contrast, NRM was higher after intensified conditioning with TCI score ≥4.5 for MSD (HR, 1.39, P = 0.008) and MUD (HR, 1.47, P = 0.002) transplants but not UCB transplants (HR, 1.12, P = 0.240). Neutrophil engraftment was also significantly higher after intensified conditioning with TCI score ≥4.5 but only for UCB transplants (HR, 1.24, P < 0.001), whereas it was significantly lower after reduced‐intensity conditioning with TCI score ≤3.5 for MSD transplants only (HR, 0.82, P < 0.001). These data demonstrated that an intensified conditioning regimen improved survival and engraftment rate only after a UCB transplants. Therefore, TCI scoring system could enable the optimization of conditioning intensity according to donor type, particularly in terms of survival and engraftment.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among gynecologic surgeons performing laparoscopic procedures: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Lily , Liu Sarah , Lommen Jonathan , Pudwell Jessica , Pelland Lucie , Bougie Olga 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveMusculoskeletal discomfort is associated with repetitive movements and constrained body positions. The current meta‐analysis was performed to determine the global prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among gynecologic surgeons who perform laparoscopy.MethodsSources included Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, and Google Scholar. Articles published between 1980 and 2022 were considered. Studies that assessed self‐reported musculoskeletal symptoms were included. Relevant data were extracted and tabulated.ResultsTwelve studies met the inclusion criteria. In a pooled sample of 1619 surgeons, the estimated prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was 82% (95% confidence interval [CI], 70%–89%;I2, 92%). Female sex was a risk factor, as identified by a pooled odds ratio of 4.64 (95% CI, 2.63–8.19;I2, 0%) compared with male surgeons. Among surgeons who reported musculoskeletal symptoms, 30% (95% CI, 14%–52%;I2, 95%) sought treatment and 3% (95% CI, 2%–6%;I2, 0%) required work hour modifications.ConclusionThe current meta‐analysis provides preliminary evidence of a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among gynecologic laparoscopic surgeons. Future research is needed to explore the underlying risk factors and interventional strategies to mitigate this risk.
A novel process line for the valorization of industrial spent coffee grounds through coffee roasting technology and ultrasonic‐assisted extraction
Authors: Osorio Arias Juan Camilo , Quintero Mónica , Velázquez Sebastián , Escobar Jhonathan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe main by‐product of the coffee industry is spent coffee grounds (SCG). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first occasion where industrial SCG has been used to build a batch‐valorization line combining barrel coffee roasters as an innovative drying process and ultrasound‐assisted extraction technology under the biorefinery concept, seeking to extract chlorogenic acids (CGA).RESULTSA Probat Sample Barrel Roaster were used to determine the optimal temperature, volume flow of fan, and time for a novel drying method. Drying optimization was carried out in order to reach 5.0% moisture content, reduce water activity and maximize total CGA content. Optimal conditions of 140 °C, 160.0 m3 h−1and 11.43 min for temperature, volume flow of fan, and time, respectively, were obtained with a desirability of 70%. Likewise, the optimal temperature, power and frequency settings for an ultrasonic extraction procedure of CGA from dried SCG were evaluated. To maximize the total CGA content, the ultrasonic technique was optimized. Temperature 50 °C, frequency 37 kHz and power 100 W with a desirability of 80% were necessary for optimality. The study was completed with a kinetic analysis using a second‐order rate model, Peleg's kinetic model and the phenomenological model.CONCLUSIONIndustrial coffee by‐products can be processed and valorizing using barrel coffee roasters as a novel technique. For process design, the kinetic parameters of ultrasound‐assisted extraction are a helpful tool. A new mathematical model is presented that takes into account the impact of changing temperature on the ultrasonic process. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Comparison of 2.5D finite element formulations with perfectly matched layers for solving open axisymmetric electromagnetic cavity problems
Authors: Schnaubelt Erik , De Gersem Herbert , Marsic Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAxial symmetry in time‐harmonic electromagnetic wave problems can be exploited by considering a Fourier expansion along the angular direction, reducing fully three‐dimensional computations to two‐dimensional ones on an azimuthal cross section. While this transition leads to a significant decrease in computational effort, it introduces additional difficulties, which necessitate appropriate finite element (FE) formulations. By combining the latter with perfectly matched layers (PML), open problems can be considered. In this work, we compare and discuss the performance of different combinations of axisymmetric FE formulations and PMLs, using a dielectric sphere in open space as a test case. As an application example, a superconducting Fabry–Pérot photon trap is considered.
“Hide your sickness and put on a happy face”: The effects of supervision distrust, surface acting, and sickness surface acting on hotel employees' emotional exhaustion
Authors: Correia Leal Catarina , Ferreira Aristides I. , Carvalho Helena 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe study of emotional labor and sickness presenteeism in the hotel industry is crucial due to the current context of economic uncertainty and to a climate of insecurity that forces employees to continue to show up for work even despite being sick. This research aimed to explore the effect of supervision distrust as an antecedent of surface acting on hotel service employees' emotional exhaustion levels. Sickness surface acting—the voluntary effort to suppress illness symptoms or to fake a healthy health status—was introduced as a new construct to explain the relation between a perception of supervision distrust and emotional exhaustion. A total of 166 employees from Portuguese hotels completed a five‐day diary survey. From these, 58 reported working while ill. The results showed that surface acting mediated the relationship between emotional exhaustion and supervision distrust. Further analysis with a subsample of 58 employees who reported frequency of sickness presenteeism revealed that for sick employees, sickness surface acting mediated the relationship between supervision distrust perception and emotional exhaustion. These findings bring the sickness surface acting construct to the sickness presenteeism literature, and highlight the importance of creating policies to reduce and manage the negative consequences of supervision distrust ‐ a factor capable of promoting attendance and sickness presenteeism behaviors. They also inform human resources managers of the negative impacts of “service with a smile” and sickness presenteeism in the hotel industry.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio as a cardiovascular risk biomarker in psoriasis: A comprehensive review
Authors: Fernández Domper Leopoldo , Paramo José A , Fernández Alonso Leopoldo , Martin Hernández Jose Maria , Suarez‐Varela Maria Morales 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic and inflammatory cutaneous disease and it is associated with high cardiovascular risk (CVR). Studies have demonstrated that neutrophils may play a role in CVR in psoriasis. Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a readily available inflammatory biomarker that predicts the development of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and is associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) events.ObjectivesThe aim of this review is to analyze the association between NLR and the presence or risk to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) in psoriasis patients.MethodsA comprehensive literature research was carried out through Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science to identify all the evidence related to NLR and CVD in psoriasis population. We enrolled all cohort, case‐control and cross‐sectional studies. Duplicated articles and papers without sufficient data were excluded after a full‐text review. Only articles published in English were enrolled in this study.Resultsprimary searches identified 9 relevant articles. We included 1 observational, 5 case‐control and 3 cross‐sectional studies. NLR was assessed in all studies. As a whole, even though there is a paucity of published evidence, NLR was associated with an increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis and CVD in all the articles included in this review. The main differences among studies were the sample size and the article design.Conclusionthis review found that NLR is a simple, universally available and routine low‐cost biomarker able to predict CV events in patients with psoriasis. This test will help dermatologists to early detect those patients with psoriasis in whom there is a higher risk of CVD, who can benefit from preventive strategies and treatment settings.
An Ex Vivo Investigation of Tactile Aesthesiometer Force in Laryngopharyngeal Sensory Testing
Authors: Kidane Joseph , Gochman Grant E. , Boscardin W. John , Rosen Clark A. , Young VyVy N. , Ma Yue 
Published: October 2022

Background/ObjectiveCheung–Bearelly aesthesiometers can deliver buckling‐force stimuli to the laryngopharynx and objectively evaluate sensation. Ambiguity surrounds the transformation of stimuli in the laryngopharyngeal environment. This study aims to evaluate the effect of aesthesiometer size, saliva, successive compressions, and angles of tissue contact on stimulus force delivered.MethodsAn ex vivo stimulus delivery device was constructed to measure the buckling force of aesthesiometers. Dry and saliva‐saturated aesthesiometers (6–0, 5–0, 4.5–0, and 4–0) were each compressed six times on cadaveric buccal mucosa on an electronic balance. The force for each compression was recorded at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60° from the vertical plane. 240 compressions were analyzed utilizing a mixed‐effects statistical model.ResultsThe mean force delivered by the 6–0, 5–0, 4.5–0, and 4–0 aesthesiometers were 0.017, 0.082, 0.120, and 0.268 g respectively (p < 0.001). Mean force significantly reduced for the 4–0 aesthesiometer at 30° (p = 0.003) and 60° (p = 0.001). Force decreased by the 4th compression for the 5–0 aesthesiometer (p = 0.004) and after one compression for the 4.5–0 (p = 0.004) and 4–0 (p < 0.001) aesthesiometer. By the 4th compression, the 4.5–0 aesthesiometer was indistinguishable (p > 0.05) from the 5–0 aesthesiometer. The effect of saliva was insignificant (p = 0.83).ConclusionAesthesiometers can deliver discrete buckling‐force stimuli to evaluate laryngopharynx sensory function. Up to 60° (15° for 4–0 aesthesiometer) deviation from orthogonal tissue contact and salivary forces do not significantly alter force delivered. 4.5–0 aesthesiometers should be exchanged after three compressions. For all other aesthesiometers, force reduction after six compressions is likely clinically insignificant given current laryngopharyngeal sensory testing protocols.Level of EvidenceN/A Ex Vivo Laboratory Design Laryngoscope, 133:1933–1937, 2023
Health insurance literacy among head and neck cancer patients and their caregivers: A cross‐sectional pilot study
Authors: Nguyen Oliver T. , McCormick Rachael , Patel Krupal , Reblin Maija , Kim Lindsay , Hume Emma , Powers Benjamin , Otto Amy , Alishahi Tabriz Amir , Islam Jessica , Hong Young‐Rock , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Turner Kea 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveHealth insurance literacy interventions may reduce financial burden and its effects on cancer patients and their caregivers. However, little is known about the health insurance literacy levels of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients and their caregivers. We assessed the feasibility of screening for health insurance literacy in a pilot study and described the health insurance literacy levels of HNC patients and their caregivers.MethodsWe administered a survey that assessed demographics and subjective and objective health insurance literacy to HNC patients and their caregivers. Subjective health insurance literacy was measured through the Health Insurance Literacy Measure (score range: 0–84). Objective health insurance literacy was measured through correct answers to a previously developed 10‐question knowledge test. Due to a small sample size, inferential statistics were not used; we instead descriptively reported findings.ResultsThe pilot included 48 HNC patients and 13 caregivers. About 44.4% of patients and 30.8% of caregivers demonstrated low health insurance literacy (HILM ≤60). On the 10‐item knowledge test, patients had an average of 6.8 (SD: 2.3) correct responses and caregivers had 7.8 (SD: 1.1) correct responses. Calculating out‐of‐pocket costs for out‐of‐network services was challenging; only 9.5% of patients and 0% of caregivers answered correctly.ConclusionAdditional outreach strategies may be needed to supplement screening for health insurance literacy. Areas of focus for interventions include improving understanding of how to calculate financial responsibility for health care services and filing an appeal for health insurance claim denial.Level of EvidenceIV
Unsymmetrically Substituted Stilbene–Maleic‐Anhydride Copolymers: Improving Synthesis and Measuring Substituent Effects on Conversion
Authors: Brown Chanelle J. , Gandour Richard D. , Turner S. Richard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSyntheses of certain substituted‐stilbene–maleic anhydride, precisely alternating copolymers have a long history of challenges that include gelation and long polymerization times. This work reports the use of anisole as a polymerization solvent that prevents gelation during the copolymerization. Several substituted (E)‐stilbenes (2‐methyl, 3‐methyl, 4‐methyl, 4‐tert‐butyl, 2‐methoxy, 4‐methoxy, 4‐methoxycarbonyl, 4‐trifluoromethyl, 2,4′‐dimethyl, and 3,4′‐dimethyl) are copolymerized with maleic anhydride without gelation; however, copolymerization of 4,4′‐dimethylstilbene gelled, presumably because of symmetry. Substituents affect the rates of conversion. In general, after 30 min, donors copolymerize with maleic anhydride faster; acceptors, slower. 2‐Methyl and 2,4′‐dimethyl are slower, presumably due to sterics. At longer times, conversions of 4‐tert‐butyl and 4‐methoxy are significantly reduced.