bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Impact of Pattern of Mandibular Involvement in Gingivo-Buccal Complex Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Marrow and Mandibular Canal Staging System
Authors: Mahajan Abhishek , Dhone Navnath , Vaish Richa , Singhania Ankita , Malik Akshat , Prabhash Kumar , Ahuja Ankita , Sable Nilesh , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Noronha Vanita , Gosh Laskar Sarbani , Agarwal Ujjwal , Shukla Shreya , Pantvaidya Gouri , Pai Prathamesh , Bhattacharjee Atanu , Patil Vijay , Patil Asawari , Bal Munita , Rane Swapnil , Thiagarajan Shivakumar , D’ Cruz Anil 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo study the pattern of mandibular involvement and its impact on oncologic outcomes in patients with gingivo-buccal complex squamous cell carcinoma (GBC-SCC) and propose a staging system based on the pattern of bone involvement (MMC: Marrow and mandibular canal staging system) and compare its performance with the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC8).MethodsThis retrospective observational study included treatment-naïve GBC-SCC patients who underwent preoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging between January 1, 2012, and March 31, 2016, at a tertiary care cancer center. Patients with T4b disease with high infratemporal fossa involvement, maxillary erosion, and follow-up of less than a year were excluded. The chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used for descriptive analysis. Kaplan–Meier estimate and log-rank test were performed for survival analysis. Multivariate analysis was done using Cox regression analysis after making adjustments for other prognostic factors. p-Value &lt;0.05 was considered as significant. Based upon the survival analysis with different patterns of bone invasion, a new staging system was proposed “MMC: Marrow and mandibular canal staging system”. “Akaike information criterion” (AIC) was used to study the relative fitted model of the various staging (TNM staging—AJCC8) with respect to survival parameters.ResultsA total of 1,200 patients were screened; 303 patients were included in the study. On radiology review, mandibular bone was involved in 62% of patients. The pattern of bone involvement was as follows: deep cortical bone erosion (DCBE) in 23%, marrow in 34%, and marrow with the mandibular canal in 43% of patients. Patients with DCBE and no bone involvement (including superficial cortical) had similar survival [disease-free survival (DFS) and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS)], and this was significantly better than those with marrow with or without mandibular canal involvement (for both DFS and LRRFS). Patients with DCBE were staged using the MMC, and when compared with the AJCC8, the MMC system was better for the prediction of survival outcomes, as AIC values were lower compared with those of the AJCC8. There was a significant association (p = 0.013) between the type of bone involvement and the pattern of recurrence.ConclusionsFor GBC-SCC, only marrow with or without mandibular canal involvement is associated with poorer survival outcomes. As compared with the AJCC8, the proposed Mahajan et al. MMC staging system downstages DCBE correlates better with survival outcomes.
CAF-Associated Paracrine Signaling Worsens Outcome and Potentially Contributes to Chemoresistance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wessolly Michael , Mairinger Elena , Borchert Sabrina , Bankfalvi Agnes , Mach Pawel , Schmid Kurt Werner , Kimmig Rainer , Buderath Paul , Mairinger Fabian Dominik 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundHigh-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the predominant and deadliest form of ovarian cancer. Some of its histological subtypes can be distinguished by frequent occurrence of cancer-associated myofibroblasts (CAFs) and desmoplastic stroma reaction (DSR). In this study, we want to explore the relationship between therapy outcome and the activity of CAF-associated signaling pathways in a homogeneous HGSOC patient collective. Furthermore, we want to validate these findings in a general Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cohort.MethodsThe investigation cohort consists of 24 HGSOC patients. All of them were treated with platinum-based components and clinical follow-up was available. The validation cohort was comprised of 303 patients. Sequencing data (whole transcriptome) and clinical data were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RNA of HGSOC patients was isolated using a Maxwell RSC instrument and the appropriate RNA isolation kit. For digital expression analysis a custom-designed gene panel was employed. All genes were linked to various DSR- and CAF- associated pathways. Expression analysis was performed on the NanoString nCounter platform. Finally, data were explored using the R programming environment (v. 4.0.3).ResultIn total, 15 CAF-associated genes were associated with patients’ survival. More specifically, 6 genes (MMP13, CGA, EPHA3, PSMD9, PITX2, PHLPP1) were linked to poor therapy outcome. Though a variety of different pathways appeared to be associated with therapy failure, many were related to CAF paracrine signaling, including MAPK, Ras and TGF-β pathways. Similar results were obtained from the validation cohort.DiscussionIn this study, we could successfully link CAF-associated pathways, as shown by increased Ras, MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling to therapy failure (chemotherapy) in HGSOC and EOCs in general. As platinum-based chemotherapy has been the state-of-the-art therapy to treat HGSOC for decades, it is necessary to unveil the reasons behind resistance developments and poor outcome. In this work, CAF-associated signaling is shown to compromise therapy response. In the validation cohort, CAF-associated signaling is also associated with therapy failure in general EOC, possibly hinting towards a conserved mechanism. Therefore, it may be helpful to stratify HGSOC patients for CAF activity and consider alternative treatment options.
Correlation Between Components of Malnutrition Diagnosed by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria and the Clinical Outcomes in Gastric Cancer Patients: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Xu Li-Bin , Mei Ting-Ting , Cai Yi-Qi , Chen Wen-Jing , Zheng Si-Xin , Wang Liang , Chen Xiao-Dong , Huang Yun-Shi 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveMalnutrition is recognized as a risk factor for poor outcome in patients with gastric cancer (GC). In 2018, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) published standardized criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition. Our aim was to investigate whether any of the components of the GLIM diagnostic criteria were related to worse clinical outcomes in patients with GC.MethodsThis study analyzed patients with GC who underwent radical gastrectomy in our hospital between 2014 and 2019. A preoperative nutritional assessment was performed for each patient. Matching was based on the presence of three GLIM components: high weight loss (WL), low body mass index (BMI), and low skeletal muscle index (SMI).ResultsThe analysis included 1,188 patients, including 241 (20.3%) with high WL, 156 (13.1%) with low BMI, and 355 (29.9%) with low SMI. Before matching, patients who met the GLIM component criteria were mostly associated with older age, low nutritional reserves, and late tumor progression. After matching, the clinical characteristics of the three cohorts were balanced. In the matched queue, the survival prognosis of the high WL group was worse than that of the non-WL group, and the postoperative complication rate was higher in the low SMI group than in the normal SMI group (P &lt;0.05). In addition, the clinical outcomes in the low and normal BMI groups were similar (P &gt;0.05).ConclusionOf the GLIM criteria, high WL and low SMI may be associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with GC, while a low BMI may not be associated with outcome.
The Circ-CYP24A1-miR-224-PRLR Axis Impairs Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in Recurrent Miscarriage
Authors: Su Yan , Xu Jiani , Gao Rufei , Liu Xiaoli , Liu Taihang , Li Cong , Ding Yubin , Chen Xuemei , He Junlin , Liu Xueqing , Li Chunli , Qi Hongbo , Wang Yingxiong 
Published: March 2022

AimRecurrent miscarriage (RM) is associated with numerous clinical factors. However, some RM occurred without specific factors. It has been revealed that some molecules such as hormones, miRNAs, and transcription factors are involved in RM by regulating proliferation, apoptosis, etc. However, the mechanism of RM has yet to be identified clearly. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that often act as sponges for miRNAs or binds to proteins involved in biological processes. However, the functional role of circRNAs in the uterine decidua of patients with early RM is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of circ-CYP24A1 in RM.MethodsThe Dual-Luciferase Activity Assay was designed to analyze the bonding between circ-CYP24A1 and miR-224, and miR-224 and prolactin receptor (PRLR) mRNA 3′UTR. In situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to observe the expression of circ-CYP24A1 and PRLR in the decidua. Rescue experiments were performed to investigate the regulating effects of circ-CYP24A1, miR-224, and PRLR. Western blotting was conducted to test the expression level of PRLR. The proliferation and apoptosis-related markers in Ishikawa cells were analyzed using CCK8, immunofluorescence staining, and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay.ResultsIn this study, based on the microarray analysis data, we identified a high level of circ-CYP24A1 and PRLR in the decidua of patients with early RM. Based on the bioinformatics prediction, the binding relationship between circ-CYP24A1 and miR-224, as well as miR-224 and PRLR, were verified. Functional experiments demonstrated that circ-CYP24A1 regulated proliferation and apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting miR-224, resulting in increased PRLR expression. Taken together, this study provides new insights into the mechanism of RM.ConclusionIn this study, we found that circ-CYP24A1 plays a role in RM by impairing the balance of cell proliferation and apoptosis by sponging miR-224, thereby regulating PRLR.
Increased Prostaglandin E2 in Brainstem Respiratory Centers Is Associated With Inhibition of Breathing Movements in Fetal Sheep Exposed to Progressive Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Stojanovska Vanesa , Atta John , Kelly Sharmony B. , Zahra Valerie A. , Matthews-Staindl Eva , Nitsos Ilias , Moxham Alison , Pham Yen , Hooper Stuart B. , Herlenius Eric , Galinsky Robert , Polglase Graeme R. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPreterm newborns commonly experience apnoeas after birth and require respiratory stimulants and support. Antenatal inflammation is a common antecedent of preterm birth and inflammatory mediators, particularly prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), are associated with inhibition of vital brainstem respiratory centers. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to antenatal inflammation inhibits fetal breathing movements (FBMs) and increases inflammation and PGE2 levels in brainstem respiratory centers, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood plasma.MethodsChronically instrumented late preterm fetal sheep at 0.85 of gestation were randomly assigned to receive repeated intravenous saline (n = 8) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusions (experimental day 1 = 300 ng, day 2 = 600 ng, day 3 = 1200 ng, n = 8). Fetal breathing movements were recorded throughout the experimental period. Sheep were euthanized 4 days after starting infusions for assessment of brainstem respiratory center histology.ResultsLPS infusions increased circulating and cerebrospinal fluid PGE2 levels, decreased arterial oxygen saturation, increased the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and lactate concentration, and decreased pH (p &lt; 0.05 for all) compared to controls. LPS infusions caused transient reductions in the % of time fetuses spent breathing and the proportion of vigorous fetal breathing movements (P &lt; 0.05 vs. control). LPS-exposure increased PGE2 expression in the RTN/pFRG (P &lt; 0.05 vs. control) but not the pBÖTC (P &lt; 0.07 vs. control) of the brainstem. No significant changes in gene expression were observed for PGE2 enzymes or caspase 3. LPS-exposure reduced the numbers of GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes in the RTN/pFRG, NTS and XII of the brainstem (P &lt; 0.05 vs. control for all) and increased microglial activation in the RTN/pFRG, preBÖTC, NTS, and XII brainstem respiratory centers (P &lt; 0.05 vs. control for all).ConclusionChronic LPS-exposure in late preterm fetal sheep increased PGE2 levels within the brainstem, CSF and plasma, and was associated with inhibition of FBMs, astrocyte loss and microglial activation within the brainstem respiratory centers. Further studies are needed to determine whether the inflammation-induced increase in PGE2 levels plays a key role in depressing respiratory drive in the perinatal period.
Impact of a case-management intervention for reducing emergency attendance on primary care: randomised control trial
Authors: Cohen Jonathan N , Nguyen An , Rafiq Meena , Taylor Paul 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe impact on primary care workload of case-management interventions to reduce emergency department (ED) attendances is unknown.AimTo examine the impact of a telephone-based case-management intervention targeting people with high ED attendance on primary care use.Design and settingA single-site data extract from a larger randomised control trial, using the patient-level data from primary care electronic health records (2015–2020), was undertaken.MethodA total of 363 patients at high risk of ED usage were randomised to receive a 6-month case-management intervention (253 patients) or standard care (110 patients). Poisson regression models were used to calculate monthly rates of primary care use over time for the 2 years post-randomisation, comparing both arms. Usage was subclassified into face-to-face, telephone, letter, and community and secondary care referrals, stratified by patient demographics.ResultsNo significant difference was found in the mean annual rate of primary care events between the intervention and control arms (P = 0.70). Secondary care referrals saw a 26% reduction in the mean annual referral rate (incident rate ratio [IRR] 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.64 to 0.86, P<0.001) and letters sent increased by 6% in the intervention arm compared with the control arm (IRR 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.11, P = 0.01). In the case-managed arm, in patients aged ≥80 years there was a 33% increase in primary care usage (IRR 1.33, 95% CI = 1.28 to 1.40, P<0.001); with a corresponding 10% decrease in patients aged <80 years when compared with controls (IRR 0.90, 95% CI = 0.87 to 0.92, P<0.001).ConclusionA targeted case-management intervention to reduce ED attendances did not increase overall primary care use. Redistribution of usage is seen among some patient groups, particularly older people, which may have important implications for primary healthcare planning.
La réussite d'une politique. Interrogations sur les effets sociaux des incitations publiques
Authors: Maresca Sylvain 
Published: March 2022

La politique d'aide à l'installation des jeunes agriculteurs est un exemple d'incitation publique dont l'efficacité est douteuse (il n'y a pas plus d'exploitants qui s'installent et rien ne prouve qu'ils le fassent dans de meilleures conditions), mais dont la réussite politique est certaine. Son analyse détaillée permet de mettre en évidence l'impact faible et plutôt indirect, essentiellement symbolique, de ce type d'interventions publiques dans les évolutions socio-économiques en cours qu'elles ne font, au mieux, qu'accompagner. Plus généralement, se trouve ainsi posé le problème complexe des multiples façons dont le politique retraduit les phénomènes sociaux du moment, depuis leur ignorance et l'absence d'intervention, jusqu'à l'action volontariste, politiquement
réussie ou non.
Crise laitière et quotas : l'évolution de la politique laitière en France et dans la Communauté
Authors: Hairy Denis , Perraud Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Quotas and milk crisis : the évolution of dairy policy in France and in the EEC.
This article aims at giving an analytic interpretation of the policy change induced
by dairy quotas. They explain why the dairy crisis in the EEC could resuit on quotas as a compromise solution although the majority of the member States had originally rejected this solution. For everybody, it tuas the lesser of two evils.
In four years of quota policy, the régulations have been made more and more complex by the EEC which has allowed national specifie Systems to develop, leading to two main consequences : the basic principle of quotas has been rather welland quickly accepted ; but it implied a partial renationalisation of dairy policies.
Two aspects of the French situation are pointed out. In the beginning, the management of the quota System heavily relied upon the processing industry, and has increasingly tended to be ruled by regional committees, which means a comeback of the farmers unions ; an efficient public policy aiming at the "restructuration" of the French dairy industry was run through subsidies to farmers giving up their deliveries. After an immédiate success of these programs, the farmers tend to respond less and less. Further structural changes in the production of milk ask for a new regulation : the question of a quota market becomes the center of the French discussions about dairy policy.
Taux de change et performances à l'exportation des Etats-Unis dans le commerce mondial des produits agricoles
Authors: Boussemart Jean Philippe , Milléquant F. 
Published: March 2022

L'article présente les résultats d'une recherche sur le commerce mondial des produits agricoles et les parts de marché des principaux exportateurs de l'OCDE. Il étudie notamment le cas de l'impact des fluctuations du dollar sur les performances à l'exportation des Etats-Unis face à leurs principaux concurrents, sur la période 1970-1985.
La mise en évidence des performances des exportateurs repose sur une méthodologie particulière permettant d'isoler, dans les évolutions du commerce d'un pays, pour un produit donné, les éléments imputables à la demande mondiale, ceux qui résultent de la structure de ses débouchés et, enfin, les facteurs spécifiques de ces évolutions se traduisant par des gains ou des pertes de marché.
Nous avons ensuite utilisé un modèle économétrique simple pour analyser l'influence du taux de change du dollar sur les évolutions des parts de marché des Etats-Unis mises en évidence précédemment. Dans douze ou treize cas sur 18, un dollar fort exerce un effet défavorable sur les parts de marché américaines. Les modèles suggèrent aussi que les Etats-Unis sont d'autant plus vulnérables au changement de la valeur de leur monnaie qu'ils occupent une importance forte sur le marché.
Substitution dans l'alimentation animale : l'apport des modèles de séries temporelles
Authors: Dronne Yves , Tavéra Christophe 
Published: March 2022

Plusieurs auteurs ont cherché à représenter le comportement de demande de matières premières du secteur français de l'aliment composé. Ils utilisent un modèle économétrique identifié à partir de la théorie néoclassique du producteur et de la théorie de la dualité.
Cet article propose une méthode alternative d'analyse des relations de substituabilité/ complémentarité de court-terme entre les matières premières de l'alimentation animale fondée sur l'estimation d'un modèle VAR des prix de ces produits. Cette procédure possède deux avantages. D'une part, elle ne repose que sur les régularions observées entre les séries de prix et aucune contrainte théorique (si ce n'est le choix du vecteur de prix te- tenu) n'est donc imposée aux données. D'autre part, il n'est plus nécessaire de regrouper les produits par famille et le comportement de chacune des matières peut être examiné individuellement.
Les jeunes ruraux entre ville et campagne
Authors: Lambert Yves 
Published: March 2022

Young country people between town and country.
According to a survey conducted on 2 400 young country people aged between 19 and 25 years, in six different regions, 54% wish to remain in a rural environment, only 36% of these being still second or third level students as against 62%) who have finished their education, the latter group being generally older, already filtered by emigration. However, this exodus is counter-balanced by an important inverse flux, since a quarter of the young people surveyed had grown up in the town. The attraction toward owner-ship of one's own house is another factor which will undoubtedly slow down this emigration.
All in all, what is taking place is a movement towards concentration of the population in fairly large communes situated fairly close to urban centres, these being perceived as the most "attractive", whilst the country area, on the other hand, is perceived rather as being "dead" and "lost".
It would appear that the slogan of the young people surveyed is not "live and work in the country" but rather "in the region" : 61% would see their own region as the geographical area in which they would like to live. And even if it means going far away, the tendency now is to think of Europe in preference to the Parisian region. The strenght of regional identity plays a much more important part than one might have expected in influencing where the subjects would wish to live and work. Certain areas like the Languedoc, Molsheim or Redon are clearly more attractive than others, the Limousin area suffering because of employment problems and the Dreux area being the least attractive notably because of its dispersion into small widely scattered communes.
The tendencies to leave the rural environment, to move closer to the town or to depart to another region all follow the same logic which the link with the regional language synthesies very well : these tendencies are greater the less one has lived in a rural environment (or in the region), the weaker one's local family roots, or the higher one's academic or social standing, the three factors frequently going hand in hand by without being narrowly determined.
Several conclusions can be drawn from this survey as far as the politics of development are concerned. First of all, it must be pointed out that the country youth do not define themselves in terms of rural-urban opposition : the label is of little importance to them. What counts is the realisation of their desired lifestyle. Equally, their attachment to the locality or to the region is far from unconditional. Indépendant of the employment problem, their desire to live in their region and in the rural environment is all the greater where regional identity is strongest and where the rural communes are larger and less isolated. This means most notably that, as France has the smallest communes in Europe, the formation of communities of communes, especially in the most fragile zones should be speeded up.