bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST) as a Complication of SARS-COV2 Infection
Authors: Pujari Shripad S. , Ojha Pawan K. , Kulkarni Rahul V. , Kharat Sumit , Gupta Dulari , Lalla Rakesh , Panchal Keyur , Walzade Priyanka S. , Palasdeokar Nilesh , Nadgir Dattatraya , Nirhale Satish , Dhonde Pramod , Ichaporia Nasli , Jagtap Sujit A. , Dravid Ameet , Purandare Bharat , Jog Sameer , Khan Zafer , Meshram Chandrashekhar 
Published: April 2022

Background and Purpose: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2) infection induces a prothrombotic state frequently associated with arterial ischemic strokes. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is also reported with corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) but a large cohort study is lacking. Our aim was to study the characteristics, treatment response, and outcomes of CVST occurring in association with COVID-19 (COVID-CVST) and the causal relationship with COVID-19. Methods: Data of 34 patients admitted in COVID facility and suffering from CVST and SARS-COV2 infection was studied with respect to their clinic-radiological and lab features, predisposing factors, treatment, and outcome. Observations and Results: 15 patients with CVST were detected positive for COVID but remained asymptomatic for the same. 14 patients had CVST along with symptoms of COVID, whereas 5 had CVST after recovery from COVID, at an average of 18 days after COVID-19. 4 patients were on aspirin as prophylaxis against thrombo-embolic events. The number of males exceeded females (22:12), conventional risk factors were seen in only 8 patients (postpartum state-3, alcohol abuse-2 and anemia-3), whereas the majority (26/34) showed none of them. The mean serum homocysteine level was normal and antiphospholipid antibody was tested normal in the assessed subjects. D-dimer and C reactive protein were elevated in all. 4 symptomatic patients who suffered from severe pneumonia died because of systemic complications. Conclusion: COVID-19 predisposes to CVST and the outcome is related to the severity of COVID pneumonia. CVST related to COVID occurs during or after a few weeks of COVID pneumonia and can also be seen in asymptomatic SARS-COV2 infection. COVID-19 can occur independently or in association with traditional thrombotic risk factors which increase the risk and severity of CVST in COVID. If recognized early, CVST associated with COVID can usually be treated effectively to achieve a very good outcome.
Long-term follow-up of liver-directed, adeno-associated vector-mediated gene therapy in the canine model of hemophilia A
Authors: Batty P. , Mo A. M. , Hurlbut D. , Ishida J. , Yates B. , Brown C. , Harpell L. , Hough C. , Pender A. , Rimmer E. K. , Sardo Infirri S. , Winterborn A. , Fong S. , Lillicrap D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Questions remain concerning the long-term efficacy, safety, and site(s) of transgene expression following adeno-associated vector (AAV) therapy. We report a long-term follow-up of 8 (male = 4, hemizygous, and female = 4, homozygous) dogs with severe hemophilia A treated with a single portal vein infusion of a B-domain–deleted (BDD)-canine FVIII (cFVIII) AAV vector (median dose = 1.25 × 1013 vg/kg, AAV2 = 4, AAV6 = 3, and AAV8 = 1). After a median follow-up of 10.8 years (8.2-12.0 years), persistent FVIII:C (median one-stage = 12.7%, chromogenic = 7.2%) was seen in all responding dogs (n = 6), with improvement in annualized bleed rates (pre = 3.9 vs post = 0.3 event per year; P = .003). Anti-AAV capsid neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) toward the dosed capsid were detected throughout the study, with limited cross-reactivity to other capsids. nAb titers for all capsid serotypes declined with time, although they remained at levels precluding redosing with the same capsid. AAV-BDD-cFVIII DNA was detected in the liver of all dogs (median = 0.15 vg per diploid genome), with lower levels in the spleen in 4 dogs (median = 0.005 vg per diploid genome). Consistent with the liver-specific promoter, BDD-cFVIII mRNA was only detected in the liver. Postmortem examination demonstrated no evidence of chronic liver disease or liver malignancy. Persistent FVIII expression and an improved bleeding phenotype was seen for more than a decade after vector delivery. This is the longest follow-up reported in a preclinical model supporting long-term efficacy and safety of AAV-mediated gene therapy.
Commentary: Assessing the endocrine disrupting effects of chemicals on invertebrates in the European Union
Authors: Crane Mark , Dungey Steve , Lillicrap Adam , Thompson Helen , Weltje Lennart , Wheeler James R. , Lagadic Laurent 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEvidence from both laboratory and field studies has shown that currently used synthetic and naturally occurring chemical substances may potentially disrupt invertebrate endocrine systems, although the extent of this in field populations remains unclear. Translating concerns about potential endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) into practical and effective regulatory action is currently hampered by the breadth of invertebrate endocrinology when compared to the better understood vertebrate systems, a lack of fundamental knowledge about the endocrinology of many invertebrate groups, and the resulting uncertainty when making regulatory decisions. This commentary (i) outlines the breadth of invertebrate endocrine pathways for which European Union regulation of potential EDCs may be relevant; (ii) reviews the extent to which current knowledge meets regulatory requirements for invertebrates, including an assessment of the suitability of current invertebrate test guidelines for detecting endocrine modes of action; and (iii) proposes a roadmap towards the regulation of potential EDCs with greater confidence, based on the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) concept and a focus on identifying Molecular Initiating Events (MIEs) within AOPs. We conclude there are no validated tools to determine any invertebrate endocrine mode of action in vitro or in vivo. However, there are commonly used invertebrate toxicity tests which might capture adverse effects that could potentially result from an endocrine mode of action but would not identify the causal mechanisms. Therefore, EU regulatory requirements for the identification of EDCs cannot currently be satisfied for invertebrates, either in general or for the specific invertebrates used in standard ecotoxicological studies. We propose that the most important research need is compilation of a comprehensive list of endocrine-related MIEs across invertebrate taxa via use of high-throughput ‘omics in combination with bioinformatics reverse engineered analyses. Although tractable, such an approach would require significant resource investment for development and implementation.
Antibiotic delivery evaluation against Mycobacterium fortuitum using nanofluids containing carbon nanotubes
Authors: Pargami Hamid Naderi , Siadat Seyed Davar , Amiri Vahid , Sheikhpour Mojgan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Mycobacterium fortuitum (M. fortuitum) is a bacterium, which can cause infections in many anatomical regions of the body, including the skin, lymph nodes, and joints. This bacterium, which belongs to a group of bacteria known as nontuberculous mycobacteria, is regarded as an important nosocomial pathogen worldwide owing to its increasing antibiotic resistance. Recently, the antimicrobial effects of carbon nanotubes have been reported in numerous studies. These nanotubes can be very useful in drug delivery; besides, they exhibit unique properties against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) to reduce antibiotic resistance.

Methods
In this study, antibacterial effects of nanofluids containing functionalized MWCNTs at initial concentration of 2 mg/mL and serial dilutions of 54, 28.5, 14.25, 7.12, 3.5 µg/mL, antibiotics alone and combination of nanofluids with antibiotics were investigated.
Standard and resistant strains of M. fortuitum were obtained from the microbial bank of the Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran.

Results
It was observed that nanofluid containing MWCNT-COOH can exert antimicrobial effects on M. fortuitum and significantly reduce bacterial resistance to antibiotics including kanamycin and streptomycin. In the presence of antibiotics and nanofluids containing MWCNT-COOH at a dose of 28.5 µg/mL, no growth was observed.

Conclusion
One of the main antimicrobial mechanisms of MWCNT-COOH is penetration into the bacterial cell wall. In this study, by using the nanofluid containing MWCNT-COOH with increased stability, the antibiotic resistance of M. fortuitum was significantly reduced at lower dilutions compared to the antibiotic alone.
A case of esophageal neuromuscular choristoma
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhu Xinying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuromuscular choristoma (NMC) is a rare peripheral nerve lesion that is composed of ectopic mature muscle fibers and nerve fascicles, typically involving major nerve roots or trunks, such as the cranial nerves, brachial plexus, and sciatic nerves. The onset of NMC frequently occurs in the first decade of life. Here, we present the first documented case of a case of esophageal NMC in an adult patient.

Case presentation
A 46-year-old male patient presented in 2018 with a submucosal tumor of the esophagus. Upon presentation, the tumor was approximately 10 mm in diameter, covered by normal mucosa, and located in the left posterior wall of the esophagus in a position that was 30 cm from the incisor. The tumor was discovered incidentally during gastroscopic examination. In March 2021, endoscopic re-examination revealed no significant changes in the tumor. Endoscopic ultrasound revealed an oval hypoechoic mass with a homogeneous internal echo that originated from the muscularis propria with a maximum cross section of 13 mm × 6 mm. Resection was performed under gastroscopy. The resection specimen was 12 mm × 5 mm in size and was a well-demarcated, elastic, hard, and tough with a gray section. Histologically, the specimen consisted of an abundance of smooth muscle fiber bundles intercalated among nerve fibers, but without malignancy. Immunohistochemical examinations revealed positivity for S-100 protein, caldesmon, NSE and desmin, but negativity for CD117, DOG-1, HMB45, and Melan A. There was also aberrant nuclear localization of beta-catenin. Collectively, these findings led to a diagnosis of esophageal NMC.

Conclusions
NMC is extremely rare, especially esophageal NMC, and is very challenging to accurately diagnose prior to resection. It is important that we can differentiate NMC from other types of tumors.
Evaluation of screening tests for autoimmune gastritis in histopathologically confirmed Japanese patients, and re-evaluation of histopathological classification
Authors: Wada Yasuhiro , Nakajima Shigemi , Mori Naoko , Takemura Shizuki , Chatani Rena , Ohara Mariko , Fujii Makoto , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Hayafuji Kiyoyuki , Kushima Ryoji , Murakami Kazunari 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of the present study are to evaluate non-invasive screening tests for autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and re-evaluate histopathological classification.MethodsWe screened candidates of AIG in JCHO Shiga Hospital between May 2012 and January 2020. The screening criteria were as follows: endoscopic O-p atrophy with Updated Kimura–Takemoto classification, 3 + pepsinogen (PG) test, low serum vitamin B12or elevated serum gastrin with positive anti-parietal cell (PC) or intrinsic factor antibodies. We evaluated the screening criteria in the patients who were histopathologically confirmed as AIG, and re-evaluated histopathological staging in clinical aspects.ResultsTwenty-two of 28 (78.6%) patients who met the screening criteria were histopathologically confirmed as AIG. Common clinical findings in the AIG patients were 10 × or greater anti-PC antibody, elevated serum gastrin greater than 172 pg/mL and endoscopic atrophy O-1 or greater. The areas under the curve of PG I, PG II and PG I/II ratio were 0.81, 0.29 and 0.98, respectively. Among histopathologically confirmed AIG patients, 4 and 18 patients were histopathologically classified into florid and end stages, respectively, while no patients into early stage. We could not find a significant difference between florid and end stages in the screening items studied.ConclusionsFlorid and end stages in histopathological classification are both advanced-stage AIG in clinical aspects. Our screening criteria without biopsy are applicable to screen clinically-advanced AIG with 78.6% positive predictive value. PG I and PG I/II ratio may be useful to screen AIG. However, we may need other criteria to screen early stage of AIG.
Nontuberculous mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infection in Hawaiʻi
Authors: Tokunaga Darcy S. , Siu Andrea M. , Lim Sian Yik 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Hawaiʻi has the highest nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung infection prevalence in the United States. Limited data regarding skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) due to NTM in Hawaiʻi exists. This study describes patient demographics, clinical courses of infection, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes of NTM SSTIs in Hawaiʻi.

Methods
A retrospective chart review (n = 50) of patients diagnosed and treated at Hawaiʻi Pacific Health facilities for NTM SSTIs between January 2010 and July 2021 was conducted. Patient demographics, clinical course, and treatment data were collected from electronic medical records.

Results
Half of the patient population consisted of females, and the average age of patients during infection was 49 years (SD = 25.6). The majority of cases (80%) were caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), most commonly Mycobacterium abscessus. NTM SSTI by race were Asian (48%), White (28%), and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders (16%). Almost all Asian patients with NTM SSTI were Filipino or Japanese. Diagnosis was frequently delayed. The average time to diagnosis was 116 days. Most patients achieved complete resolution (72%) following a prolonged course of antimicrobial treatment (mean = 196 days) with surgical debridement.

Conclusion
Increased awareness among physicians and the community of non-mycobacterial skin infections is essential in Hawaiʻi due to the high prevalence of NTM and the high percentage of predisposed populations. Increased awareness of NTM could reduce delayed diagnosis and improve patient care. Further studies are required to inform optimal treatment and diagnostic strategies, improve patient outcomes, and aid public health surveillance efforts.
Quality of life in children with cochlear implants in Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhumabayev Ruslan , Zhumabayeva Galiya , Kapanova Gulnara , Tulepbekova Nailya , Akhmetzhan Anuar , Grjibovski Andrej 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Although cochlear implantation (CI) has been performed in Kazakhstan since 2007 little is known about quality of life of patients after CI. The aim of this study was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Kazakhstani children after CI.

Methods
Altogether, 53 families with a child using a cochlear implant for at least 1 year participated in the study between July 20, 2019 and February 20, 2020 at the Audiological Сenter of Almaty, Kazakhstan. The parents/caregivers completed the “Children with Cochlear Implants: Parental Perspectives (CCIPP)” questionnaire.

Results
‘Well-being and happiness’ subdomain of the HRQoL yielded the highest ratings. ‘Communication’, ‘general functioning’, ‘self-reliance’, and ‘supporting the child’ subdomains each achieved significant (p < 0.01) associations with all HRQoL subdomains. There were positive correlations between language used by the parent who completed the questionnaire (Kazakh or Russian) and three HRQoL subdomains, including ‘well-being and happiness’, ‘supporting the child’ and ‘social relations’.

Conclusion
Parents/caregivers reported high quality of life in all HRQoL subdomains. Further research in this area with more detailed socio-demographic and medical history data is required to identify quality of life predictors in children after cochlear implantation.
Timing and pattern of growth faltering in children up-to 18 months of age and the associated feeding practices in an urban setting of Sri Lanka
Authors: Sithamparapillai K. , Samaranayake D. , Wickramasinghe V. P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Growth faltering is commonly encountered in breastfed infants during 4—6 months of age in low socioeconomic communities. The objective of this study was to describe the changes of growth indices with age, timing of growth faltering and its association with the feeding practices in children up-to 18 months of age.

Methods
A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in 254 children aged 12 and 18 months attending an immunization clinic. Data on growth were extracted from the Child Health Development Record. Weight and length were measured using standard methods. Feeding practices were assessed using interviewer-administered questionnaire. A drop of > 0.25 in weight-for-age Standard Deviation Score (SDS) from birth SDS was defined as weight faltering.

Results
Weight faltering occurred at some point in 64.2% (n = 163) during first 18 months of life, and 78.5% of whom, had the onset ≤ 4 months of age. Majority (76.6%, n = 98) with weight for age faltering by 4 months remained so at 12 months (p = 0.497), while 29.7% (n = 38) had a weight-for-length below-2SD (p < 0.001). Prevalence of weight faltering was 50.4%, 46.1%, 48.4% and 48% at 4, 6, 9 and 12 months respectively. Exclusive breastfeeding was given at least until 4 months in 88% (n = 223) and up to 6 months in 60% (n = 153) while 92.9% (n = 236) were breastfed at 12 months, with 38.2% (n = 97) were breastfed on demand after six months. Complementary feeding (CF) was started before 6 months in 40.6% (n = 52) with early weight faltering, but only 20.3% received it with proper consistency. Breastfeeding throughout the night was significantly associated with current weight-for-length being < -1SD (OR = 1.89, CI, 1.04—3.45; p = 0.037).

Conclusions
Early growth faltering was found in this population with high exclusive breastfeeding rates and persisting growth faltering was associated with poor feeding practices. Therefore, timely individualized interventions need to be taken to improve long term growth.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction group training improves of sleep quality in postmenopausal women
Authors: Darehzereshki Samaneh , Dehghani Fahimeh , Enjezab Behnaz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeSleep disorder is one of the most common problems during menopause, which affects different areas of people's lives. Today, mindfulness is one of the concepts that have attracted a lot of attention due to its desirable effects and low side effects. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) group training on sleep quality of postmenopausal women.MethodThis is a quasi-experimental parallel study. The study involved 66 eligible postmenopausal women 45–60 years’ old (n = 33 in each group) during 2019–2020. The minimum score of women was 5 from Pittsburgh questionnaire. Eight sessions weekly (120-min/session) MBSR group training was conducted in the intervention group and menopausal health in the control group for two months. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests were utilized to analyze the data using SPSS software (version 25). The significance level < 0.05 was considered.ResultsSocio-demographic characteristics of participants were no statistically significant difference between the study groups before the intervention. The results showed that mean of overall quality of sleep score was before the intervention 10.21 ± 3.03, after the intervention 4.7 ± 2.45, and one month after the intervention 4.69 ± 2.4 respectively in intervention group (P < 0.001). While there was no significant change in the mean overall quality of sleep quality in the control group.ConclusionAccording to the results, MBSR group training is an effective strategy for improving the sleep quality of postmenopausal women. Therefore, could be used to improve the sleep quality of postmenopausal women by midwifery consultants in health centers.
Operative treatment outcomes of anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation using two experimental methods - an acromioclavicular joint hook plate versus a locking plate: a retrospective study
Authors: Qu Yanzhen , Xie Xudong , Zhou Wu , Xia Tian , Cao Faqi , Mi Bobin , Xiong Yuan , Ye Zhewei , Liu Guohui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to compare the intraoperative and early postoperative clinical outcomes of using an acromioclavicular joint hook plate (AJHP) versus a locking plate (LP) in the treatment of anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation.MethodsSeventeen patients with anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation were retrospectively analyzed from May 2014 to September 2019. Six patients were surgically treated with an AJHP, and 11 were surgically treated with an LP. Five male and one female patients composed the AJHP group, and nine male and two female patients composed the LP group. The mean age of all patients was 49.5 years.ResultsReduction and fixation were performed with AJHP or LP in all 17 patients. The mean operative blood loss, operative time, and length of incision in the AJHP group were significantly better than those in the LP group. Shoulder girdle movement of the AJHP group was significantly better than that of the LP group.ConclusionsThis study revealed that AJHP facilitated glenohumeral joint motion, reduced the risk of rupture of mediastinal structures, required a shorter incision, and had lesser blood loss and a shorter duration of operation compared with LP. However, some deficiencies require further improvement.