bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and identification of Colletotrichum as fungal pathogen from tea and preliminary fungicide screening
Authors: Chen Meixia , Zhong Lingkun , Zhang Zhenxiong , Peng Chengbin , Ke Dongxian , Gan Peng , Wang Zerong , Wei Rifeng , Liu Wei , Yang Jiangfan 
Published: March 2022

The increasing incidence of anthracnose disease in tea plant caused by Colletotrichum has become an important global concern. It is the cause of withered leaves of the tea plant, leading to a considerable decrease in the economic yield of tea, and thereby threatening the sustainable development of tea industries. In this study, Colletotrichum infected tea leaves were collected from three separate regions: Zhouning, Longyan, and Ningde in Fujian province, China. The pathogen was isolated from the leaves and identified based on morphology following Koch’s postulates and DNA sequencing of the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, beta-tubulin 2 (β-Tub2), the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), Glutamine synthetase (GS), and an oligonucleotide primer (CgInt). A total of six strains were identified with different cultural, morphological, and molecular characteristics. Furthermore, multi-locus phylogenetic analysis showed the six strains that belong to C.fructicola. Finally, a preliminary screening of nine chemical fungicides to inhibit the strain N by toxicity test identified 40% prochloraz at 0.1 μg mL–1 as the most effective method. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed a close relationship between the identified strains, and the strains were classified based on cultural, morphological, and molecular characteristics. The findings of this study add to our understanding of C.fructicola, which will aid in the development of preventive measures, the improvement of tea quality, and the assurance of safe production.
Dynamic Time Warping as an Alternative to Windowed Cross Correlation in Seismological Applications
Authors: Kumar Utpal , Legendre Cédric. P. , Zhao Li , Chao Ben F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We investigate the feasibility of using the dynamic time warping (DTW) technique as an alternative to windowed cross correlation (WCC) for an indirect measure to quantify both the similarity and relationship between two seismic time series. We first examine the sensitivity and performance of the DTW technique by analyzing both synthetic and real seismic time series in geophysical applications. Results show that DTW efficiently retrieves useful information from seismic data and has a high sensitivity to minor variations in time series that WCC fails to detect. We further propose four potential applications of DTW to routine seismic data interpretation—earthquake detection, template matching, clustering of waveforms, and full-waveform inversion for 1D velocity models. The earthquake detection scheme employing DTW is proposed in this study as an alternative to traditional methods. The accuracy of DTW in estimating similarity is explored for template matching and clustering of seismic traces. Finally, we discuss a realistic example of 1D Earth velocity model inversion using DTW and explore its feasibility in full-waveform inversion.
A Case Report: Acute Symptomatic Seizure Associated Brain Metastasis in Pregnant Woman
Authors: Pitra Dian Ayu Hamama 
Published: March 2022

Pregnant women can present with a wide variety of neurological conditions. Conditions including epilepsy, eclampsia, facial nerve palsy, pituitary tumor, cerebrovascular disorders, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, and nonpituitary intracranial tumors could be encountered. (Cheung, 1997). We describe a patient who presented with Acute Symptomatic Seizure Associated Brain Metastasis In Pregnant Woman. She came to the hospital because of a fit event and sudden left hemiparalysis and was diagnosed as a stroke, but further examinations revealed unexpected results. Brain imaging suggested brain metastasis was encountered, but histopathological examination did not support this data. More investigations are needed to determine the true etiology of her fit attacks. This patient’s diagnosis and management were even more challenging since she’s now at nine weeks gestation.
Keywords— pregnant woman, brain metastasis, acute symptomatic seizure
Pengaruh Citra Destinasi dan Persepsi Nilai Wisatawan Terhadap Kepuasan dan Loyalitas Wisatawan Milenial Mancanegara di Bali
Authors: Wulandani Ni Luh Kadek Laksmi 
Published: March 2022

Wisatawan milenial merupakan pasar yang sangat besar dan berkembang secara pesat dalam pariwisata dunia, di Indonesia, bahkan di Bali. Pada tahun 2019, sebanyak 40% wisatawan mancanegara di Bali adalah wisatawan milenial dan diprediksi akan terus bertambah setiap tahunnya. Kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara di Bali selalu mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, namun hal tersebut berbanding terbalik dengan rata-rata lama menginap wisatawan di hotel bintang maupun non bintang di Bali yang mengalami penurunan setiap tahunnya. Hal tersebut diindikasikan adanya masalah loyalitas pada wisatawan mancanegara di Bali. Dengan adanya fenomena tersebut maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat dan menganalisa bagaimana pengaruh citra destinasi, persepsi nilai, dan kepuasan terhadap loyalitas wisatawan milenial mancanegara di Bali. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode survey terhadap 200 responden. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode SEM (Structural Equation Model). Hasilnya adalah citra destinasi dan persepsi nilai berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan wisatawan dan kepuasan menjadi mediator antara citra destinasi dan persepsi nilai wisatawan terhadap loyalitas wisatawan milenial mancanegara di Bali.
Distracted Driving Among Patients with Trauma Attending Fracture Clinics in Canada
Authors: Team The DRIVSAFE 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Globally, every 25 seconds, a person dies in a motor vehicle crash (MVC) and 58 people get injured. Adding to the rising distracted-driving rates is the rapid growth of the number of cars in circulation globally. This study examined the proportion of distracted drivers among patients attending orthopaedic fracture clinics, as well as associated factors.

Methods:
In this large, multicenter, cross-sectional study, we recruited 1,378 patients across 4 Canadian fracture clinics. Eligible patients completed an anonymous questionnaire about distracted driving. We calculated the percentages of specific distractions. Using questionnaire responses and published crash risk odds ratios (ORs), patients were grouped as distraction-prone and distraction-averse. Regression analyses to determine the association of demographic characteristics with distracting behaviors and the odds of being in a distraction-related crash were performed.

Results:
In total, 1,358 patients (99.7%) self-reported distracted driving. Prevalent distractions included talking to passengers (98.7%), distractions outside the vehicle (95.5%), listening to the radio (97.6%), adjusting the radio (93.8%), and daydreaming (61.2%). Of the 1,354 patients who acknowledged mobile phone distractions, 889 (65.7%) accepted phone calls and continued driving, 675 (49.8%) read electronic messages, and 475 (35.1%) sent electronic messages. Younger age (OR, 0.94 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91 to 0.97]; p < 0.001) and household incomes of $80,000 to <$100,000 (OR, 1.92 [95% CI, 1.17 to 3.14]; p = 0.01) and ≥$100,000 (OR, 2.48 [95% CI, 1.57 to 3.91]; p < 0.001) were associated with being in the distraction-prone group. Distraction-prone patients were twice as likely to be in a distraction-related MVC (OR, 1.98 [95% CI, 1.43 to 2.74]; p < 0.001). Of 113 drivers who sustained injuries from MVCs, 20 (17.7%) acknowledged being distracted. Of 729 patients who reported being the driver in a previous MVC in their lifetime, 226 (31.0%) confirmed being distracted.

Conclusions:
This survey-based study showed that driving distractions were near universally acknowledged. The pervasiveness of distractions held true even when only the more dangerous distractions were considered. One in 6 patients in MVCs reported being distracted in their current crash, and 1 in 3 patients disclosed being distracted in an MVC during their lifetime.
Early Precambrian Granitoid Magmatism of the Kitoy Block and Stages of Collisional Events in the Southwestern Siberian Craton
Authors: Turkina O.M. , Sukhorukov V.P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
—The paper presents the zircon U–Pb age and geochemical and isotopic characteristics of granitoids from the Kitoy block (Sharyzhalgai uplift, southwestern Siberian craton). The studied granitoids compose vein bodies of different scales. According to structural relations of rocks and their zircon U–Pb ages, early Precambrian granite formation proceeded in three stages: at ~2.99, 2.54, and 1.88 Ga. The Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic granites contain inherited zircons of ~3.00–2.97 Ga, which are close in age to magmatic zircons from the Mesoarchean granite-gneiss. The Kitoy granitoids of different ages share similar enrichment in SiO2, K2O, and incompatible trace elements. In terms of trace-element composition and crystallization temperatures, the Mesoarchean granite-gneisses are similar to the A-type granite, while the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic granitoids are close to the I-type one. Inherited ~3.00–2.97 Ga zircons and the narrow range of model Nd ages (TNd(DM) = 3.3–3.0 Ga) indicate that Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic granitoids formed through recycling of the Mesoarchean crust. The Neoarchean (~2.54 Ga) and Paleoproterozoic (~1.88 Ga) stages of granite emplacement in the northwest of the Kitoy block correlate with formation of granitoids and high-temperature metamorphism in the Irkut block and the border zone between two blocks. Coeval granite formation and metamorphism at ~2.54 Ga are strong evidence that the amalgamation of the Kitoy and Irkut blocks resulted from collisional orogeny in the terminal Neoarchean.
Unconventional CO2 Storage: CO2 Mineral Trapping Predicted in Characterized Shales, Sandstones, and Coal Seam Interburden
Authors: Pearce Julie , Raza Syed , Baublys Kim , Hayes Philip , Firouzi Mahshid , Rudolph Victor 
Published: March 2022

Summary
Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from industrial sources including coal combustion, gas processing, cement or steel production, blue hydrogen, or direct air capture, and subsequent geological storage is part of the transition to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Unconventional and conventional reservoirs provide opportunities for beneficial use such as enhanced recovery, supercritical CO2 (ScCO2) fracturing, and storage of gases such as CO2 and ancillary gases, or potentially hydrogen. The purpose of this study is to use Australian unconventional rock packages to understand the controls on CO2 reactivity and mineral trapping (the most secure form of storage) and compare the potential for CO2 storage. Characterization of core from the Surat, Eromanga, and Cooper basins, Australia, is used to populate CO2 and production water-rock reactivity models. Sensitivity to production water composition and temperature was also tested. Coal seam gas (CSG) reservoir interburden ranged from clay-rich mudstones to interlaminated sandstone and mudstone, and calcite cemented sandstones. The coal seam interburden samples contained high plagioclase and chlorite content. They were predicted to alter to carbonates calcite, ankerite, siderite, and dawsonite mineral trapping CO2. After 30 years, net mineral trapping varied from −0.1 to +0.3 kg CO2/m3, and pH was 4.6–4.9. Net mineral trapping after 1,000 years varied from 5.7 to 16.3 kg CO2/m3 and was 17.1 kg CO2/m3 with higher salinity water. The mineral content had the main control with different lithologies decreasing mineral trapping by 41 or 35% compared with a base case. Overlying plagioclase-rich sandstone trapped 17.1 kg CO2/m3 as calcite, ankerite, dawsonite, and siderite after 1,000 years with the pH increasing to 6. For the quartz-rich oil reservoir sandstone, however, only 0.3 kg CO2/m3 was trapped after 1,000 years. Gas shale and marine black oil shales contained high mica, chlorite, and feldspar content that could be converted to carbonate minerals, mineral trapping CO2. A marine black oil shale mineral trapped 8.3 and 13.9 kg CO2/m3 after 30 and 1,000 years, respectively, as siderite and ankerite. Unconventional reservoirs have a strong potential for mineral trapping during CO2 storage.
Prediction of Aedes aegypti breeding distribution through spatiotemporal analysis and machine learning: A case study in Recife, Pernambuco
Authors: de Lima Clarisse Lins , Silva Cecilia Cordeiro da , Silva Ana Clara Gomes da , Silva Aracely Andrade da , de Almeida Felipe Rodrigues , de Gusmão Cristine Martins Gomes , Moreno Giselle Machado Magalhães , Musah Anwar , Aldosery Aisha , Browning Ella , Dutra Livia , Ambrizzi Tercio , Borges Iuri V. G. , Tunali Merve , Basibuyuk Selma , Yenigün Orhan , Massoni Tiago Lima , Jones Kate , Campos Luiza C. , Kostkova Patty , Filho Abel Guilhermino da Silva , Santos Wellington Pinheiro dos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Aedes aegypti is a mosquito responsible for transmitting mainly dengue, zika, and chikungunya. In low- and middle-income countries, controlling the spread of this mosquito poses a major public health challenge. Currently, Aedes aegypti control policies are extremely important for lowering the risk of potential arbovirus outbreaks. One of the effective strategies for combating the burden of mosquito-borne arboviruses are the pre-emptive predictions and forecasts for future outbreaks. In this sense, we, therefore, apply machine learning using a spatiotemporal approach to build distribution maps of Aedes aegypti breeding sites in Recife. Methods: We obtained data from Aedes aegypti breeding sites and climatic factors in Recife City during 2013-2014. From the information of the breeding sites, bimonthly spatial distribution maps of the breeding sites were generated using the Inverse Distance Interpolation (IDW). We generated monthly spatial distribution maps of climatic variables (temperature, rainfall, and wind speed) using the same method. From the generated distribution maps, several models were evaluated, among them: support vector regressor, multilayer perceptron, random forest, and linear regression. The model performance was evaluated according to Pearson's correlation coefficient and percentage root relative squared error (RRSE%) metrics. Results: Among the evaluated regressors, the 3-degree polynomial-kernel support vector regressor showed superior performance compared to the other regressors evaluated. For this regressor, the correlation coefficient was on average 0.9875 (and standard deviation of 0.01) while the RRSE% metric was on average 14.60%. Conclusion: Machine learning proved to be a promising tool in predicting the Aedes aegypti breeding sites’ spatial distribution in the city of Recife. The spatiotemporal predictions pointed out that neighborhoods with low income and lack of water supply are presented with elevated concentrations of mosquito breeding sites. The findings of this work can support health authorities in decision-making linked to policies for reducing the burden of mosquito infestation, while at the same time allowing authorities to optimize their limited resources in low-resource settings.
Contralateral Patent Processus Vaginalis Repair in Boys: Healing or Killing the Possible
Authors: Liu Jinxiang , Cao Qingwei , Xia Yunqiang , Qiu Shenghua , Liu Haiyang , Liu Chengliang , Xu Meng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: To check the contralateral patent processus vaginalis (CPPV) prevalence in life, and the significance for the treatment.Data sources: We performed a retrospective review of all inguinal hernia (IH) cases who underwent repair in our hospital from 2014 to 2018. Study design: We analyzed the occurrence and treatment regularity in boys. Checked and compered the history, initial sides of hernia, CPPV and prognoses in different age groups. Data collection: We checked all IH cases repaired in our hospital, picked out the male cases, including boys and men, recurrent cases were not enrolled.Principal findings: A total of 3243 cases were enrolled, 2489 (right-sided IH 1411 (56.69%) vs left-sided IH 975 (39.17%), bilateral IH 103 (4.14%)) in children, and 754 (right-sided IH 485 (64.32%) vs left-sided IH 236 (31.30%), bilateral IH 33 (4.38%)) in adults. 1124 CPPV were checked in children with unilateral inguinal hernia (2386), 12 in adults of 267 (p<0.0001). There were no significant differences in recurrence rate between the blocks in children (p>0.05).Conclusions: The incidence of inguinal hernia in boys was significantly higher than men. The number of cases declines rapidly with age in boys. Processus vaginalis obliterates and involutes, last for a long period, routine exploration on contralateral may kill the possible of self-obliterating capability.
Role for Autophagy-Related Markers Beclin-1 and LC3 in Endometriosis
Authors: KONG ZHIWEI , Yao Tingting 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background：Endometriosis is a common and challenging disease in women of childbearing age with high personal and social costs. Many molecular differences between endometriosis lesions and the eutopic endometrium present difficulties in the development of new drug therapies and therapies. Autophagy is a response to stress and has recently been studied in human cancers. Two important autophagy genes, Beclin-1 and LC3, have been reported in several human cancers. However, the reports of Beclin-1 and LC3 in endometriosis are limited and controversial. Methods & Results：In the present study, we investigated the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3, and found their downregulation in endometriosis and negatively correlated with the stage of endometriosis. Conclusions： Abnormal expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 may be related to the occurrence and development of endometriosis.
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for pathogenic diagnosis in patients with acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease
Authors: Zhang Rui , Zhu Mengjing , Zhang Maowei , Shan Chuxiao , Ji Lei , Zhang Wenhui , Chen Bi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Acute exacerbation is regarded as a risk factor for prediction of poor outcome in patients with interstitial lung disease. There is no unified view on the cause of acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD), among which infection is considered as an important cause, however, there are few related studies. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been applied for pathogen determination for infectious diseases. However, the clinical significance of mNGS in AE-ILD remains unclear.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 33 cases confirmed of AE-ILD from Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University in Jiangsu, China, between Jun 2020 and May 2021. Patients were enrolled and the potential pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) or deep sputum were detected simultaneously by conventional microbial examination and mNGS. We evaluated the etiological diagnostic effect of mNGS in patients with AE-ILD.Results: In 96.8% (32/33) of the patients with AE-ILD, various pathogens were determined positively by mNGS, including 46% infected with viral, 28% with bacterial and 26% with fungal. Of these, 78% were considered to have mixed infection, mainly manifested as fungus + virus (39.74%), fungus + virus + bacteria (32.05%), and bacteria + virus (28.21%). In addition, the overall survival after admission for AE-ILD was 42.42% at 1 month and 51.51% at 3 months. Conclusions: mNGS showed that infection played an important role during the acute exacerbation of ILD, there are a variety of pathogens including bacteria, viruses and fungi, among which mixed infections were common.
Preparation and characterization of PLA-PEG/Chitosan-FA/DNA for gene transfer to MCF-7 cells
Authors: Afrouz Mehdi , Ahmadi-Nouraldinvand Farnaz , ajirlu Yahia yaghooti , Arabnejad Fateme , Eslamian Saeid , Eskanlou Hadi , Yaghoubi Hashem 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The ability of Chitosan-Folic acid and PLA-PEG polymers for gene delivery into MCF-7 cells was evaluated. The PLA-PEG copolymer is one of the most appealing nanoparticles for gene transfer to human cells because of its biocompatibility and high blood circulation. However, one of the barriers to the use of these polymers in gene therapy has always been the low effectiveness of these nanoparticles. In this study, Chitosan and folic acid were utilized to improve gene transfer efficiency and encapsulation of PLA-PEG/Chitosan-FA/DNA nanoparticles. PLA-PEG/Chitosan-FA/DNA nanoparticles with different concentrations of Chitosan-FA were prepared using double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. The biological properties (i.e., biocompatibility, DNA release, and gene transfer ability to MCF-7 cells in vitro) as well as the physical and chemical properties (i.e., particle size, zeta potential, and the morphology of the resultant nanoparticles) of PLA-PEG/Chitosan-FA/DNA nanoparticles were investigated. The results showed that increasing the Chitosan-FA concentration in the PLA-PEG/Chitosan-FA/DNA nanoparticles resulted in an increase in zeta potential, DNA release, encapsulation, and gene delivery efficiency. The MTT assay showed PLA-PEG/Chitosan-FA/DNA nanoparticles exhibit low cytotoxicity and good compatibility. On the other hand, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to test the ability of PLA-PEG/Chitosan-FA/DNA nanoparticles with varied concentrations of chitosan-folic acid to transfer the gene to MCF-7 cells. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy analysis showed that increasing the concentration of chitosan-folic acid in PLA-PEG/Chitosan-FA/DNA nanoparticles improved gene transfer efficiency to MCF-7 cells.
Pandemic Vulnerability Index of US Cities: A Hybrid Knowledge-based and Data-driven Approach
Authors: Rahman Md. Shahinoor , Paul Kamal Chandra , Rahman Md. Mokhlesur , Samuel Jim , Thill Jean-Claude , Hossain Md. Amjad , Nawa G. G. Md. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cities become mission-critical zones during pandemics and it is vital to develop a better understanding of the factors that are associated with infection levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many cities severely; however, there is significant variance in its impact across cities. Pandemic infection levels are associated with inherent features of cities (e.g., population size, density, mobility patterns, socioeconomic condition, and health & environment), which need to be better understood. Intuitively, the infection levels are expected to be higher in big urban agglomerations, but the measurable influence of a specific urban feature is unclear. The present study examines 41 variables and their potential influence on COVID-19 cases and fatalities. The study uses a multi-method approach to study the influence of variables, classified as demographic, socioeconomic, mobility and connectivity, urban form and density, and health and environment dimensions. This study develops an index dubbed the PVI-CI for classifying the pandemic vulnerability levels of cities, grouping them into five vulnerability classes, from very high to very low. Furthermore, clustering and outlier analysis provides insights on the spatial clustering of cities with high and low vulnerability scores. This study provides strategic insights into levels of influence of key variables upon the spread of infections as well as fatalities, along with an objective ranking for the vulnerability of cities. Thus it provides critical wisdom needed for urban healthcare policy and resource management. The pandemic vulnerability index calculation method and the process present a blueprint for the development of similar indices for cities in other countries, leading to a better understanding and improved pandemic management for urban areas and post-pandemic urban planning across the world.