bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zur numerischen Berechnung der globalen Standsicherheit von Bauwerken im Boden
Authors: Jürgens Hauke , Vogel Paul , Henke Sascha , Grabe Jürgen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDer Einsatz der Finite‐Elemente‐Methode (FEM) zur Bemessung und Nachrechnung von geotechnischen Konstruktionen nimmt stetig zu. Sowohl bei Böschungen als auch Verbauwänden werden die Vorteile der FEM bereits zur Ermittlung der Verformungen und Beanspruchungen der Bauwerke im Gebrauchszustand (SLS) genutzt. Die Anwendung im Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit (ULS) ist für Verbauwände, wie Baugruben und Kaimauern, aktuell noch Stand der Wissenschaft. Durch eine erweiterte Festigkeitsreduktion, bei der zusätzlich zu den Scherparametern des Bodens die Bauteilfestigkeit reduziert wird, wird im Rahmen der hier durchgeführten Untersuchungen der Einfluss der Konstruktion berücksichtigt. Neben der Bauteilfestigkeit spielen weitere Parameter, wie die äußere Tragfähigkeit von Ankern bzw. Zugpfählen oder die Kontaktreibung zwischen Boden und Bauteil eine Rolle bei der Ermittlung des maßgebenden Versagensmechanismus. Mithilfe eines eigens programmierten Python‐Skripts wird die in Plaxis 2D implementierte Festigkeitsreduktion nachgebildet und exemplarisch an einer ausgesteiften Baugrube sowie einer rückverankerten Kaimauer angewendet und verifiziert. Durch die Erweiterung der mittels Python‐Skript implementierten Festigkeitsreduktion um zusätzliche Parameter, die relevant für die globale Standsicherheit geotechnischer Konstruktionen sind, wird deren Einfluss auf die Standsicherheitsberechnung und der resultierenden Versagensmechanismen untersucht.
Care burden, loneliness, and social isolation in caregivers of people with physical and brain health conditions in English‐speaking regions: Before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Grycuk Emilia , Chen Yaohua , Almirall‐Sanchez Arianna , Higgins Dawn , Galvin Miriam , Kane Joseph , Kinchin Irina , Lawlor Brian , Rogan Carol , Russell Gregor , O'Sullivan Roger , Leroi Iracema 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPublic health restrictions due to the COVID‐19 (SARS CoV‐2) pandemic have disproportionately affected informal caregivers of people living with long term health conditions. We aimed to explore levels of care burden, loneliness, and social isolation among caregivers of people with enduring physical and brain health conditions in English‐speaking regions worldwide, by investigating outcomes before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsA cross‐sectional anonymous online survey data from 2287 English‐speaking caregivers of people with long term health conditions from four English‐speaking regions (UK, Ireland, USA, New Zealand) included measures of care burden, loneliness, and social isolation, reported before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Analyses were descriptive, followed by an ordinal regression model for predictors of burden.ResultsCompared to pre‐pandemic levels, all caregivers experienced a significant increase in burden, loneliness, and isolation. Caregivers of people with both brain health and physical conditions were the most burdened and had the highest levels of loneliness and isolation compared to caregivers of people with either a brain health or physical condition only. The increase in care burden among caregivers of people with brain health challenges was associated with caregiver's gender, moderate and severe emotional loneliness, magnitude and frequency of isolation during the pandemic, and care circumstances (cohabitation with the care recipient, restrictions on the ability to provide care).ConclusionsHealth and social care interventions should target caregivers' care circumstances and psychological outcomes, particularly in women, accounting for the significant additional burden of care, loneliness, and isolation resulting from pandemic‐related restrictions.
Say on pay votes, subsequent firm performance, and CEO risk‐taking behavior
Authors: Omar Ayishat , Sun Huey‐Lian , Tang Alex P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSay‐on‐pay empowers shareholders by mandating advisory voting on executive compensation during annual meetings. Extant literature maintains that the degree of effectiveness of SOP remains unclear. Using shareholder voting data from 2011 to 2015, we estimate regression models, and from our analysis, we find improved subsequent firm performance for higher SOP voting dissent observations. Furthermore, we find a positive association between SOP dissent vote and risk‐taking. The findings suggest that managers take seriously the negative outcomes of SOP, especially the higher SOP voting dissent. This study contributes to the growing research on SOP votes, as it highlights some impact of SOP voting.
Origin and manifestation of semiconductor facet effects
Authors: Huang Michael H. , Kumar Gautam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSemiconductor crystals generally exhibit notable facet‐dependent electrical conductivity and photocatalytic activity properties. If semiconductor nanocrystals of different shapes are available, their light absorption and emission bands can also display facet dependence, although bulk plus surface absorption combines to give the recorded spectra. All these physical phenomena can be understood, assuming a thin surface layer exists with slight structural deviations as predicted by density functional theory (DFT) calculations to give dissimilar band structures and hence different degrees of band bending and barriers to charge transport across a particular crystal face. This layer thereby tunes light absorption. Recent X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) analyses begin to suggest the presence of the proposed surface layer.
The relation of common inflammatory cytokines with anxiety and depression and their values in estimating cardiovascular outcomes in coronary heart disease patients
Authors: Lu Hanmei , Yang Qinling , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory cytokines are associated with the occurrence and severity of psychological disorders in cerebro‐cardiovascular disease patients. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of inflammatory cytokines with anxiety and depression in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients and their values for estimating cardiovascular outcomes.MethodsTotally, 150 CHD patients and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled. Then, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, and IL‐17 in their serum samples were detected using ELISA assay; anxiety and depression were assessed by the HADS score. For CHD patients, major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were recorded and evaluated.ResultsCHD patients presented with increased TNF‐α (median: 50.0 vs. 37.0 pg/ml, p < 0.001), IL‐1β (median: 2.7 vs. 2.0 pg/ml, p < 0.001), IL‐6 (median: 24.7 vs. 24.3 pg/ml, p = 0.032), IL‐17A (median: 58.6 vs. 43.6 pg/ml, p < 0.001), HADS‐A score (p < 0.001), HADS‐D score (p < 0.001), anxiety rate (p < 0.001), and depression rate (p < 0.001) compared to healthy subjects. Then, TNF‐α (p = 0.003), IL‐1β (p = 0.023), and IL‐17A (p < 0.001) were related to elevated HADS‐A score. Also, TNF‐α (p = 0.014) and IL‐17A (p = 0.020) positively, while IL‐10 (p = 0.047) negatively related to the HADS‐D score in CHD patients. Interestingly, elevated TNF‐α and IL‐17A were associated with anxiety and depression occurrence in CHD patients (all p < 0.05). Inspiringly, only TNF‐α high, but not other cytokines, was related to elevated accumulating MACE (p = 0.041), while no correlation of anxiety (p = 0.173) or depression (p = 0.068) with accumulating MACE was observed.ConclusionTNF‐α and IL‐17A correlate with anxiety and depression, while only TNF‐α high is related to elevated accumulating MACE in CHD patients.
Super enhancer‐LncRNA SENCR promoted cisplatin resistance and growth of NSCLC through upregulating FLI1
Authors: Shen Qiang , Zhou Huixin , Zhang Meijuan , Wu Ruihao , Wang Liangxing , Wang Yumin , Chen Jie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSuper enhancer‐lncRNA smooth muscle and endothelial cell‐enriched migration/differentiation‐associated lncRNA (SENCR) were highly overexpressed in cisplatin‐resistant A549/DDP cells, while the mechanism was unclear.MethodsSE‐lncRNA SENCR and FLI1 mRNA expression in A549/DDP cell, LAD tissues were detected. SENCR knockdown of A549/DDP cell and SENCR overexpression of cisplatin‐sensitive A549 cell were constructed. Experiments of cell‐confirmed function of SENCR and the correlation between SENCR and FLI1 were validated.ResultsThe expression of SENCR and FLI1 mRNA in A549/DDP cell were both upregulated and mainly localized in the nucleus. Compared with DDP‐sensitive tissues with disease relief, SENCR expression was higher in DDP‐resistant tissues with disease progression from LAD. Knockdown of SENCR in A549/DDP reduced proliferation ability and cisplatin resistance, consistent with the decreased levels of proteins PCNA, MDMX, and P‐gp. Besides, whatever without cisplatin or with 2 μg/ml cisplatin, knockdown of SENCR reduced the migration, invasion, and colony formation abilities of A549/DDP cell and promoted apoptosis. However, when SENCR was overexpressed in A549 cell, all above results were reversed. Mechanistically, FLI1 expression was reduced after knocking down SENCR, while overexpressing SENCR increased FLI1 expression.ConclusionSE‐LncRNA SENCR was upregulated in A549/DDP, which could promote cisplatin resistance and growth of NSCLC cell through upregulating FLI1 expression.
Ferroptosis‐based molecular prognostic model for adrenocortical carcinoma based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression
Authors: Lin Chen , Hu Ruofei , Sun FangFang , Liang Weiwei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to find ferroptosis‐related genes linked to clinical outcomes of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and assess the prognostic value of the model.MethodsWe downloaded the mRNA sequencing data and patient clinical data of 78 ACC patients from the TCGA data portal. Candidate ferroptosis‐related genes were screened by univariate regression analysis, machine‐learning least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator (LASSO). A ferroptosis‐related gene‐based prognostic model was constructed. The effectiveness of the prediction model was accessed by KM and ROC analysis. External validation was done using the GSE19750 cohort. A nomogram was generated. The prognostic accuracy was measured and compared with conventional staging systems (TNM stage). Functional analysis was conducted to identify biological characterization of survival‐associated ferroptosis‐related genes.ResultsSeventy genes were identified as survival‐associated ferroptosis‐related genes. The prognostic model was constructed with 17 ferroptosis‐related genes including STMN1, RRM2, HELLS, FANCD2, AURKA, GABARAPL2, SLC7A11, KRAS, ACSL4, MAPK3, HMGB1, CXCL2, ATG7, DDIT4, NOX1, PLIN4, and STEAP3. A RiskScore was calculated for each patient. KM curve indicated good prognostic performance. The AUC of the ROC curve for predicting 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐ year(s) survival time was 0.975, 0.913, and 0.915 respectively. The nomogram prognostic evaluation model showed better predictive ability than conventional staging systems.ConclusionWe constructed a prognosis model of ACC based on ferroptosis‐related genes with better predictive value than the conventional staging system. These efforts provided candidate targets for revealing the molecular basis of ACC, as well as novel targets for drug development.
Longitudinal variation of circulating Inc‐ITSN1‐2: A novel biomarker reflecting disease severity, inflammation, recurrence, and death risk in acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhou Ying , Zhong Tingting , Song Aixia , Xue Qian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong noncoding RNA intersectin 1–2 (lnc‐ITSN1‐2) regulates inflammation and neuronal apoptosis; meanwhile, the latter two factors participate in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Therefore, this study detected lnc‐ITSN1‐2 at multiple time points, aiming to explore its longitudinal variation and clinical value in the management of AIS patients.MethodsThe current study enrolled 102 AIS patients, then detected their lnc‐ITSN1‐2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) at baseline (D0), day (D)1, D3, D7, month (M)1, M3, M6, and year (Y)1 after admission using RT‐qPCR. Additionally, lnc‐ITSN1‐2 in PBMC of 50 controls was also detected.ResultsLnc‐ITSN1‐2 was up‐regulated in AIS patients than that in controls (p < 0.001). Lnc‐ITSN1‐2 positively associated with NIHSS score, TNF‐α, and IL‐17A (all p < 0.050) but was not linked with IL‐6 (p = 0.093) in AIS patients. Notably, lnc‐ITSN1‐2 was gradually increased from D0 to D3; while it switched to decrease from D3 to Y1 in AIS patients. Lnc‐ITSN1‐2 disclosed similar longitudinal variation during 1 year in non‐recurrent (p < 0.001), recurrent (p = 0.001), and survived patients (p < 0.001), while the variation of lnc‐ITSN1‐2 in died patients was not obvious (p = 0.132). More importantly, lnc‐ITSN1‐2 at D0, D3, D7, M1, M3, M6, and Y1 was higher in recurrent AIS patients than that in non‐recurrent AIS patients (all p < 0.050); moreover, lnc‐ITSN1‐2 at D3, D7, M1, M3, and M6 was up‐regulated in died AIS patients than AIS survivors (all p < 0.050).ConclusionThe dynamic variation of Inc‐ITSN1‐2 could serve as a biomarker reflecting disease severity, inflammatory cytokines, recurrence, and death risk in AIS patients.
Incorporation of second‐tier tests and secondary biomarkers to improve positive predictive value (PPV) rate in newborn metabolic screening program
Authors: Younesi Sarang , Yazdani Bahareh , Taheri Amin Mohammad Mahdi , Saadati Pourandokht , Jamali Soudabeh , Modarresi Mohammad‐Hossein , Savad Shahram , Amidi Saloomeh , Razavi Homayoun , Ghafouri‐Fard Soudeh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundNowadays, neonatal screening has become an essential part of routine newborn care in the world. This is a non‐invasive evaluation that evaluated inborn errors of metabolisms (IEMs) using tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) for the evaluation of the baby's risk of certain metabolic disorders.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted on 39987 Iranian newborns who were referred to Nilou Medical Laboratory, Tehran, Iran, for newborn screening programs of IEMs. We incorporated second‐tier tests and secondary biomarkers to improve positive predictive value (PPV).ResultsStatistical data were recorded via call interviewing in 6–8 months after their screening tests. The overall prevalence of IEM was 1:975. The mean age of all participants was 3.9 ± 1.1 days; 5.1% of participants were over 13 days and 7.7% were preterm or underweight. A total of 11384 (29.4%) of the cases were born in a consanguineous family. The type of delivery was the cesarean section in 8332 (51.3%) valid cases. The neonatal screening results had an overall negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% and the overall PPV of 40.2%. The false‐positive rate was 0.15%.ConclusionThis study showed a high incidence of metabolic disease due to a high rate of consanguineous marriages in Iran and indicated that incorporation of second‐tier tests and secondary biomarkers improves PPV of neonatal screening programs.
Gratitude, relatedness needs satisfaction, and negative psychological outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A short‐term longitudinal study
Authors: Datu Jesus Alfonso D. , Fincham Frank D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesAlthough gratitude relates to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) well‐being outcomes in the United States, more evidence is needed to understand how this psychological strength reciprocally relates to mental health during this pandemic. This study examines the association of gratitude with stress, anxiety, and depression among undergraduate students in the United States via a longitudinal design.MethodsAn online survey was administered to 643 undergraduate students in a public university located in the southeastern region of the United States. There was a 1‐month interval between the first and second waves of data collection.ResultsCross‐lagged panel structural equation modeling showed that whereas gratitude positively predicted subsequent relatedness needs satisfaction, it negatively predicted later stress, anxiety, and depression. Relatedness needs satisfaction was reciprocally linked to subsequent gratitude.ConclusionResults suggest that gratitude might serve as a protective psychological resource against the detrimental mental health impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Investigating the efficacy of attentional bias modification on individuals with spider phobia through the emotional attention network test
Authors: Teng Min‐Hung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the attention network function of spider phobics before and after attentional bias modification (ABM) through conduction of an emotional attention network test (eANT).MethodsScores from an eANT, an approach–avoidance task, and various scales were used to examine the training effect of a single ABM session among participants (30 individuals with spider phobia and 30 controls).ResultsAt baseline, alertness scores in response to spider images were higher in the phobia group than in the control group (x̄ = 51.81 vs. 30.35 ms). After ABM, this score decreased in the phobia group, indicating their lower susceptibility to distraction by images of spiders. However, ABM training did not considerably alleviate their fear of and avoidance behavior toward spiders.ConclusionThis study elucidates the (1) vigilance–avoidance pattern among individuals with spider phobia when encountering spider‐related stimuli and (2) change in underlying attentional mechanisms after ABM training.
LINC00162 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis by sponging PAQR4‐targeting miR‐485‐5p
Authors: Lee Woo Joo , Ji Haein , Jeong Seong Dong , Pandey Poonam R. , Gorospe Myriam , Kim Hyeon Ho 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGrowing evidence indicates that long intergenic noncoding RNAs play an important role in cancer progression by affecting gene regulation at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Recent studies have shown that long intergenic noncoding RNA functions as a competitive endogenous RNA, which can interact with and mitigate the function of microRNA. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which LINC00162 regulates cell proliferation and apoptotic cell death. By analyzing RNA sequencing data, LINC00162 was identified to be a target of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK). HnRNPK positively regulated LINC00162 expression through p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase. Lowering the level of either hnRNPK or LINC00162 decreased proliferation and colony formation while it increased apoptotic cell death. Small RNA sequencing followed by the antisense oligonucleotide pulldown, revealed that LINC00162 interacts directly with miR‐485‐5p which exhibited tumor‐suppressing effects by suppressing cell proliferation and colony formation, and increasing apoptotic cell death. Through the bioinformatic approaches, progestin and adipoQ receptor 4 (PAQR4) was selected as a common target of LINC00162 and miR‐485‐5p. miR‐485‐5p decreased the expression of PAQR4 by directly binding to the 3′‐untranslated region of PAQR4 messenger RNA. Knockdown of hnRNPK and LINC00162 increased the level of functional miR‐485‐5p, indicating that LINC00162 may compete for miR‐485‐5p, thereby derepressing PAQR4 expression. Overexpression of either hnRNPK or LINC00162, or inhibition of miR‐485‐5p, protected cells against etoposide‐induced apoptotic death. Our findings demonstrate that a regulatory paradigm implicating hnRNPK, LINC00162, miR‐485‐5p, and PAQR4 plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis, and is a promising target for cancer therapeutics.
Evaluation of the Effects of Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy on Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer in Mice by Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced Imaging
Authors: Tang Wen‐jie , Yao Wang , Jin Zhe , Kong Qing‐cong , Hu Wen‐ke , Liang Yun‐shi , Chen Lei‐xin , Chen Si‐yi , Zhang Qiong‐qiong , Wei Xin‐hua , Xu Xiang‐dong , Guo Yuan , Jiang Xin‐qing 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe monitoring of immunotherapies is still based on changes in the tumor size in imaging, with a long evaluation period and low sensitivity.PurposeTo investigate the effectiveness of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) in assessing the therapeutic efficacy of anti‐programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) therapy in a mouse triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) model.Study TypeProspective.Animal ModelA total of 54 BALB/c mouse subcutaneous 4 T1 transplantation models of TNBC.Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0‐T; turbo spin echo (TSE) T2‐weighted imaging, DKI with seven b values (0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 sec/mm2) and T1‐twist DCE acquisition series.AssessmentDKI and DCE‐MRI parameters were evaluated by two radiologists independently. Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn manually on the maximum cross‐sectional area of the lesion; care was taken to avoid necrotic areas. The tumor cell density, the CD45 and CD31 levels were analyzed by two pathologists.Statistical TestsThe two‐tailed unpaired t‐test, Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test and Pearson correlation coefficient were performed. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), mean diffusivity (MD), Ktrans and Kep values were significantly different between the two groups at each time point after treatment. There were significant differences in the mean kurtosis (MK) and Ve values between the two groups at 5 and 10 days after treatment but no significant differences at 15 days (P = 0.317 and 0.183, respectively). The ADC and MD values were significantly correlated with tumor cell density (ADC, r = −0.833; MD, r = 0.890) and the CD45 level (ADC, r = 0.720; MD, r = 0.718). The Ktrans and Kep values were significantly correlated with the CD31 level (Ktrans, r = 0.820; Kep, r = 0.683).Data ConclusionDKI and DCE‐MRI could reflect the changes in tumor microstructure and tumor tissue vasculature after anti‐PD‐1 therapy, respectively.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 4.
A tale of two analyses: Administrative vs primary review of nutrition support team performance
Authors: Busch Rebecca A. , Stone Susan , Kudsk Kenneth A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundOur pharmacy department performed a medication‐use evaluation using administrative data to assess prescription of parenteral nutrition (PN). They found that 31.6% (185 of 586) of nutrition support team (NST) patients received ≤5 days of PN, whereas 120 received ≤3 days. These results raised the question of NST prescribing practices given the incidence of short‐duration PN. Since our NST evaluates all PN requests, the study prompted further review to identify reasons for short duration PN.MethodsCharts of patients receiving PN for ≤3 days in the initial study underwent an in‐depth review focusing on indications, reasons for discontinuation, and protein‐calorie malnutrition (PCM) at time of NST consultation.ResultsA total 120 of 586 patients had PN ≤3 days. PN was clearly indicated in 94 cases: 27 patients received home PN but resolved the need for admission, 11 were admitted to later discharge on PN, 18 chose alternative/palliative care soon after starting PN, and 38 were nil per os for ≥6 days because of ileus, bowel obstruction, or contraindication to enteral feeding. Of the remaining 26 patients, 15 had PCM with poor intake for ≥ 3 days, warranting PN; only nine cases had unclear indications for PN and 11 could have potentially been avoided.ConclusionAdministrative data implied inappropriate PN use, whereas in‐depth review confirmed appropriate prescription in most patients. Reducing short‐duration PN in the management of ileus or obstruction remains difficult because of variable time to symptom resolution. In‐depth chart review remains the best method to assess appropriateness of PN use.