bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monolithic Integrated Flexible Yet Robust Droplet‐Based Electricity Generator
Authors: Wang Lili , Li Wanbo , Song Yuxin , Xu Wanghuai , Jin Yuankai , Zhang Chao , Wang Zuankai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeveloping robust technologies to harvest energy from ambient environments is critical to applications in self‐powered electronics. As a promising candidate, droplet‐based electricity generators with transistor‐inspired architecture, which consist of electrodes and dielectric material, have manifested superior capacity to gain sustainable energy from water. Despite extensive achievement, these devices are significantly limited by insufficient flexibility and unstable performance owing to the presence of inevitable mechanical abrasion, chemical corrosion, and interfacial detachment of electrode and dielectric material. Here, a facile approach is reported to construct a monolithic integrated droplet‐based electricity generator (MI‐DEG) device that enables high flexibility and robust electrical performance. The key to such flexibility and robustness of the MI‐DEG device lies in the meticulous utilization of a thermal fusion strategy that makes specially‐designed polymer electrodes and dielectric material seamlessly integrated together. It is demonstrated that MI‐DEG exhibits stable electrical output with negligible attenuation under long‐term mechanical deformation and abrasion, as well as retains over 60% of initial electrical output under harsh corrosive environments, as opposed to the complete failure of conventional counterpart. This study provides a hopeful pathway for the rational design of flexible and robust electricity generator, making it a step closer in the practical applications.
Noise Spectroscopy of Transport and Ion‐Related Phenomena in Silicon Nanowire Field‐Effect Transistor Biosensors
Authors: Guo Yangyan , Pustovyi Denys , Kutovyi Yurii , Boichuk Nazarii , Petrychuk Mykhailo , Zhang Yongqiang , Vitusevich Svetlana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHigh‐quality, liquid‐gated two‐layer (TL) nanowire (NW) field‐effect transistor (FET) structures are fabricated and studied in different operation regimes and with different concentrations of MgCl2 solutions. The space‐charge‐limited current (SCLC) effect is sensitive to surface phenomena and is registered at the drain‐source voltage (VDS) above 0.14 V, and analyzed using several methods including noise spectroscopy. Noise spectra reflect the clear transformation from 1/f to 1/ (f in power 1.5) behavior, confirming the SCLC effect, which is sensitive to ion processes at the NW FET surface. Moreover, the dimensionless Hooge parameters, measured at a level of 10−3, reflect the high quality of the fabricated devices and demonstrate the suppression of noise with VDS increasing up to 0.48 V. Such behavior additionally confirms the SCLC effect in the NW channel. The effect of suppression is stronger for small concentrations of MgCl2 solutions. The results should be taken into account for the detection of very small signals in biochemical solutions.
pH‐Responsive Motors and their Interaction with RAW 264.7 Macrophages
Authors: Ramos Docampo Miguel A. , Qian Xiaomin , Ade Carina , Floriano Marcelino Thaís , Ceccato Marcel , Foss Morten , Hovorka Ondrej , Städler Brigitte 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNano/micromotors are self‐propelled particles that use external stimuli to gain locomotion outperforming Brownian motion. Here, three different polymers are employed that are conjugated to silica particles through a pH‐labile linker. At slightly acidic pH, the linkers hydrolyze and release the polymeric chains, resulting in enhanced locomotion. The motors show a maximum velocity of ≈3 µm s−1 in cell media when poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate is asymmetrically distributed on the surface of the particles. Further, the motor internalization by RAW 264.7 macrophages was compared between motors, which have the polymer conjugated via a pH‐labile linker, and the irresponsive particles. Preliminary data indicate enhanced uptake, but further efforts are required to use responsive polymers to propel motors inside mammalian cells.
Trans‐Synaptic Degeneration Following Acute Optic Neuritis in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Murphy Olwen C. , Sotirchos Elias S. , Kalaitzidis Grigorios , Vasileiou Elena , Ehrhardt Henrik , Lambe Jeffrey , Kwakyi Ohemaa , Nguyen James , Zambriczki Lee Alexandra , Button Julia , Dewey Blake E. , Newsome Scott D. , Mowry Ellen M. , Fitzgerald Kathryn C. , Prince Jerry L. , Calabresi Peter A. , Saidha Shiv 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo explore longitudinal changes in brain volumetric measures and retinal layer thicknesses following acute optic neuritis (AON) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), to investigate the process of trans‐synaptic degeneration, and determine its clinical relevance.MethodsPwMS were recruited within 40 days of AON onset (n = 49), and underwent baseline retinal optical coherence tomography and brain magnetic resonance imaging followed by longitudinal tracking for up to 5 years. A comparator cohort of PwMS without a recent episode of AON were similarly tracked (n = 73). Mixed‐effects linear regression models were used.ResultsAccelerated atrophy of the occipital gray matter (GM), calcarine GM, and thalamus was seen in the AON cohort, as compared with the non‐AON cohort (−0.76% vs −0.22% per year [p = 0.01] for occipital GM, −1.83% vs −0.32% per year [p = 0.008] for calcarine GM, −1.17% vs −0.67% per year [p = 0.02] for thalamus), whereas rates of whole‐brain, cortical GM, non‐occipital cortical GM atrophy, and T2 lesion accumulation did not differ significantly between the cohorts. In the AON cohort, greater AON‐induced reduction in ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness over the first year was associated with faster rates of whole‐brain (r = 0.32, p = 0.04), white matter (r = 0.32, p = 0.04), and thalamic (r = 0.36, p = 0.02) atrophy over the study period. Significant relationships were identified between faster atrophy of the subcortical GM and thalamus, with worse visual function outcomes after AON.InterpretationThese results provide in‐vivo evidence for anterograde trans‐synaptic degeneration following AON in PwMS, and suggest that trans‐synaptic degeneration may be related to clinically‐relevant visual outcomes. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:76–87
Small Amphiphile‐Based Coacervation
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Jia Liyan , Huang Jianbin , Lin Yiyang , Qiao Yan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCoacervation plays an important role in the molecular assembly towards soft materials with a diversity of function (e. g., underwater adhesives of mussels and membraneless organelles). Coacervation is observed when one homogenous solution spontaneously separates into two immiscible liquid phases of low and high solute concentration, also known as liquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS), which enables spatiotemporally local concentration of specific molecules. LLPS is a common physical phenomenon in aqueous solutions of polyelectrolytes, surfactants and biomolecules, which has been extensively explored for applications in the fields of environmental remediation, cosmetic formulation, protein purification, extractive fermentation and pharmaceutical microencapsulation. This review summarizes the development of LLPS with low molecular weight amphiphiles to construct simple and complex coacervates using conventional surfactants and novel amphiphiles such as azobenzene‐derivatives and peptides. We also highlight the applications of these amphiphile coacervates in the extraction of biomolecules, construction of protocell models and drug delivery.
Fast Magnesium Conducting Electrospun Solid Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Walke Patrick , Venturini Janio , Spranger Robert J. , van Wüllen Leo , Nilges Tom 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMagnesium Ion based Solid State Batteries (MIBs) are subject of intensive studies due to abundance of magnesium, its advantages in volumetric capacity, and the reduced dendrite growth. Here we report on a true solid polymer electrolyte system without liquid additives or plasticizers that reaches conductivities above 10−5 S cm−1 at room temperature and above 10−4 S cm−1 at 50 °C. An electrospun polymer electrolyte membrane fabricated from a polymer electrolyte featuring a composition of PEO : Mg(TFSI)2 36 : 1 [where PEO stands for poly(ethyleneoxide) and Mg(TFSI)2 for magnesium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide] was identified as the best performing system. Magnesium transport was substantiated by different methods, and the electrochemical properties including solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation were investigated. Electrospinning as a preparation method has been identified as a powerful tool to enhance the electrochemical properties beyond conventional polymer membrane fabrication techniques.
The perceived impact of counselling training on students' personal relationships
Authors: Daldorph Amy , Hill Suzannah 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the urban myth of “the divorce course,” there is little research to support this perception of counselling training programmes. Studies exploring the lived experiences of counsellors in training have referred to relationship changes, but none have made these their primary focus. Research is needed to enhance our understanding of this formative stage for counsellors.AimsThe purpose of this ideographic study is to gain new perspectives on the perceived impact of counselling training on trainees' personal relationships by exploring the lived experiences of five counsellors who completed their training in the last 18 months.MethodThrough a process of volunteer and snowball sampling, qualified counsellors were invited to participate in individual semistructured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed. Due to the small sample size and the emphasis on how each participant made meaning of their own experience, interpretative phenomenological analysis was chosen to interpret the findings.FindingsDetailed analysis and interpretation of the data filtered into two superordinate themes:

permission to change; and
the challenge of integration.
ConclusionThe data revealed that training had a significant multifaceted impact on the personal relationships of all participants. Participants' experience of their training group and of personal therapy was found to be an important factor in this change, as were themes of agency and identity. The majority of ruptures in extant relationships took place early in training. Further research is needed, perhaps into the experiences of loved ones in relationships with student counsellors.
Multi‐exon COL5A1 deletion in a child with classical Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: A case report expanding the allelic spectrum and showing evidence of parental gonosomal mosaicism
Authors: Strang‐Karlsson Sonja , Keigwin Sylvia , Anttonen Anna‐Kaisa , Baker Duncan , Bean Kerry , Jakkula Eveliina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClassical Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (cEDS) is a rare inherited autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder with core clinical features including skin hyperextensibility, abnormal scarring, and generalized joint hypermobility. Classical EDS is predominantly caused by small pathogenic variants in the genes COL5A1 and COL5A2 and occasionally by a COL1A1 point mutation p.(Arg312Cys), while gross deletions or duplications are uncommon. Gonosomal mosaicism is thought to be exceedingly rare with only two cases reported in the literature. We report a child with cEDS due to a rare gross deletion of exons 2–65 in the COL5A1 gene, inherited from an unaffected mosaic father. The level of mosaicism in the father was approximately 43% in leucocyte cells and 30% in DNA extracted from skin. Our results expand the allelic spectrum of cEDS variants and suggest that parental mosaicism needs to be considered in patients with suspected cEDS, given its implication for genetic counseling.
Cu‐Co/ZnAl2O4 Catalysts for CO Conversion to Higher Alcohols Synthesized from Co‐Precipitated Hydrotalcite Precursors
Authors: Mockenhaupt Benjamin , Özcan Fatih , Dalebout Remco , Mangelsen Sebastian , Machowski Thomas , de Jongh Petra E. , Behrens Malte 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe role of Cu:Co composition in bi‐metallic Cu‐Co/ZnAl2O4 catalysts on higher alcohol synthesis (HAS) was investigated at H2:CO = 4. The addition of Cu strongly facilitated Co reduction upon catalyst activation and suppressed coke deposition during HAS. Formation of predominantly hydrocarbons and higher alcohols was observed on the bi‐metallic catalysts. Co/ZnAl2O4 produced mainly CH4 and Cu/ZnAl2O4 mainly CH3OH, while at Cu:Co = 0.6 the best ethanol selectivity of 4.5 % was reached. The microstructure of the spent catalysts confirmed a close interaction of Cu and Co.
PROTOCOL: Measuring diet‐related consumer behaviours relevant to low‐ and middle‐income countries to advance food systems research: An evidence and gap map
Authors: de Jager Ilse , Harrison Megan , Wit Renate F. , Sonneveld Anne , Hesen Rosil , Uyar Betül T. M. , Verger Eric O. , Ramos Ana Islas , Vargas Melissa , Wijesinha‐Bettoni Ramani , Hachem Fatima , Brouwer Inge D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis is the protocol for a evidence and gap map. The main objective of this evidence and gap map is to provide access to a systematic overview of available indicators for diet‐related consumer behaviours relevant to LMICs, to support policy makers and researchers to develop, monitor and revise food policies and programmes to leverage food systems transformations for healthier and more sustainable diets.
Vinylpyrimidine‐Functionalized Triphenylamines: Bimodal Molecular Switches and Multilevel Systems
Authors: Alévêque Olivier , Achelle Sylvain , Sanguinet Lionel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDue to their numerous potential applications, the interest for the elaboration of new molecular switch has never stop to grow. Among them, multi‐modal systems, where the switching between two different metastable states can be induced by using indifferently several kinds of stimulation, have a special place. In this study, we present our efforts to develop a class of multi‐modal systems based on the association of a triphenylamine core with vinylpyrimidine units that exhibits nice acido and electrochromic properties. The most performant ones can present up to three different forms allowing to modulate their absorption and luminescence properties over three discrete levels. In order to provide limitations and outlooks for such systems, their switching behaviors have been rationalized by the help of DFT and TD‐DFT calculations.
Taste‐Associative Learning in Rats: Conditioned Immunosuppression with Cyclosporine A to Study the Neuro‐Immune Network
Authors: Leisengang Stephan , Schedlowski Manfred , Hadamitzky Martin , Lückemann Laura 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe pharmacological effects of an immunosuppressive drug, such as cyclosporine A (CsA), can be learned and retrieved by humans and animals when applying associative learning paradigms. This principle is based on Pavlovian conditioning, in which repeated presentation of an “unconditioned stimulus” (US; here, the drug CsA) is paired with exposure to a “conditioned stimulus” (CS; here, the novel taste of saccharin). Re‐exposure to the CS at a later time leads to an avoidance behavior. Concomitantly, using this paradigm, animals exposed to the CS (saccharin) display immunosuppression, reflected by reduced splenic T‐cell proliferation and diminished interleukin‐2 and interferon‐γ expression and release in ex vivo cultured splenocytes, mimicking the pharmacological effects of the US (CsA). Notably, this paradigm of taste‐immune associative learning demonstrates the impressive abilities of the brain to detect and store information about an organism's immunological status and to retrieve this information, thereby modulating immunological functions via endogenous pathways. Moreover, conditioned pharmacological effects, obtained by means of associative learning, have been successfully implemented as controlled drug‐dose reduction strategies as a supportive treatment option to optimize pharmacological treatment effects for patients’ benefit. However, our knowledge about the underlying neurobiological and immunological mechanisms mediating such learned immunomodulatory effects is still limited. A reliable animal model of taste‐immune associative learning can provide novel insights into peripheral and central nervous processes. In this article, we describe protocols that focus on the basic taste‐immune associative learning paradigm with CsA and saccharin in rats, where conditioned peripheral immunosuppression is determined in ex vivo cultured splenocytes. The behavioral protocol is reliable and adaptable and may pave the road for future studies using taste‐immune associative learning paradigms to gain deeper insight into brain‐to‐immune‐system communication. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Taste‐immune associative learning with cyclosporine ABasic Protocol 2: Splenocyte isolation and cultivation to study stimulation‐induced cytokine production
Quantum dot on a plasma‐facing microparticle surface: Requirement on thermal contact for optical charge measurement
Authors: Pustylnik Mikhail 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSemiconductor nanocrystals, quantum dots (QDs), are known to exhibit the quantum‐confined Stark effect which reveals itself in the shift of their photoluminescence spectra in response to the external electric field. It was, therefore, proposed to use QDs deposited on the microparticle surface for the optical measurement of the charge acquired by the microparticles in low‐temperature plasmas. Another physical process leading to the shift of the photoluminescence spectra of the QDs is heating. Charging of plasma‐facing surfaces is always accompanied by their heating. Thermal balance of a quantum dot residing on the surface of a microparticle immersed in a plasma is considered in this work. It is shown that under periodically pulsed plasma conditions, the spectral shift of the photoluminescence of the quantum dot caused by the oscillations of its temperature becomes undetectable if the effective thermal flux characterizing the thermal contact between the quantum dot and the microparticle exceeds the value ranging from to depending on the plasma parameters. If this effective thermal flux exceeds the above‐mentioned values, the entire spectral shift observed during the period of plasma pulsing should be attributed to the quantum‐confined Stark effect due to the microparticle charge. Lower‐boundary estimate for the effective thermal flux for the direct contact between the quantum dot and the microparticle is . Estimations based on the heat conductivity of ligand‐stabilized nanocrystal arrays yield even higher values of the effective thermal flux .
Predictive accuracy of post‐fire conifer death declines over time in models based on crown and bole injury
Authors: Shearman Timothy M. , Varner J. Morgan , Hood Sharon M. , van Mantgem Phillip J. , Cansler C. Alina , Wright Micah 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA key uncertainty of empirical models of post‐fire tree mortality is understanding the drivers of elevated post‐fire mortality several years following fire, known as delayed mortality. Delayed mortality can represent a substantial fraction of mortality, particularly for large trees that are a conservation focus in western US coniferous forests. Current post‐fire tree mortality models have undergone limited evaluation of how injury level and time since fire interact to influence model accuracy and predictor variable importance. Less severe injuries potentially serve as an indicator for vulnerability to additional stressors such as bark beetle attack or moisture stress. We used a collection of 164,293 individual tree records to examine post‐fire tree mortality in eight western USA conifers:Abies concolor,Abies grandis,Calocedrus decurrens,Larix occidentalis,Pinus contorta,Pinus lambertiana,Pinus ponderosa, andPseudotsuga menziesii. We evaluated the importance of fire injury predictors on discriminating between surviving trees versus immediate and delayed post‐fire mortality. We fit balanced random forest models for each species using cumulative tree mortality from 1 to 5‐years post‐fire. We compared these results to multi‐class random forest models using first‐year mortality, 2–5‐year mortality, and survival 5‐years post‐fire as a response variable. Crown volume scorched, diameter at breast height, and relative bark char height, were used as predictor variables. The cumulative mortality models all predicted trees that died within 1‐year of fire with high accuracy but failed to predict 2–5‐year mortality. The multi‐class models were an improvement but had lower accuracy for predicting 2–5‐year mortality. Multi‐class model accuracies ranged from 85% to 95% across all species for predicting 1‐year post‐fire mortality, 42%–71% for predicting 2–5‐year mortality, and 64%–85% for predicting trees that lived past 5‐years. Our study highlights the differences in tree species tolerance to fire injury and suggests that including second‐order predictors such as beetle attack or climatic water stress before and after fire will be critical to improve accuracy and better understand the mechanisms and patterns of fire‐caused tree death. Random forest models have potential for management applications such as post‐fire harvesting and simulating future stand dynamics.
The role of experience in parenting beliefs of British and Italian women during pregnancy
Authors: Mascheroni Eleonora , Grassi Maria , Bonanomi Andrea , Sperotto Rebecca , Deeg Sita , Hung San , Xia Ruixue , Ionio Chiara , Kit‐fong Au Terry , Gattis Merideth 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo understand the role of experience in parenting beliefs about caring for infants, we examined the parenting beliefs of pregnant women who were expecting their first child with those of pregnant women who already had at least one other child. A culturally diverse sample of 550 British and Italian women completed self‐report measures evaluating their beliefs about the value of attunement and structure in caregiving, parenting self‐efficacy, and home chaos. Psychometric evaluation confirmed the two‐factor structure of the Baby Care Questionnaire (BCQ) for measuring attunement and structure but did not support configural invariance across the different samples. Beliefs about attunement and structure were related to parenting experience: pregnant women who already had at least one other child reported stronger beliefs in attunement, whereas pregnant women expecting their first child reported stronger beliefs in structure. Regression analyses revealed that the associations between parenting beliefs and experience remained when controlling for country, age, and education. Despite the limitations imposed by the lack of configural invariance, this cross‐sectional, cross‐cultural study constitutes an important first step in examining the relations between parenting experience and parenting beliefs during pregnancy.
Multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: State‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Timóteo Ana Teresa , Rosa Silvia Aguiar , Brás Pedro Garcia , Ferreira Maria João Vidigal , Bettencourt Nuno 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAmyloidosis is a systemic disease, characterized by deposition of amyloid fibrils in various organs, including the heart. For the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) it is required a high level of clinical suspicion and in the presence of clinical, laboratorial, and electrocardiographic red flags, a comprehensive multimodality imaging evaluation is warranted, including echocardiography, magnetic resonance, scintigraphy, and computed tomography, that will confirm diagnosis and define the CA subtype, which is of the utmost importance to plan a treatment strategy. We will review the use of multimodality imaging in the evaluation of CA, including the latest applications, and a practical flow‐chart will sum‐up this evidence.