bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Length–biomass equations to allow rapid assessment of semi‐aquatic bug biomass in tropical streams
Authors: Harianja Martina F. , Luke Sarah H. , Barclay Holly , Chey Vun K. , Aldridge David C. , Foster William A. , Turner Edgar C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLength–biomass equations are relatively easy and cost‐effective for deriving insect biomass. However, the exact relationship can vary between taxa and geographical regions. Semi‐aquatic bugs are abundant and are indicators of freshwater quality, but there are no studies investigating the effect of habitat disturbance on their biomass, although it is useful in assessing ecological processes. We identified the best‐fit length–biomass models to predict the biomass of semi‐aquatic bugs (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha) collected from streams in Sabah, Malaysia. We used 259 juvenile and adult semi‐aquatic bugs to compare a range of plausible length–biomass functions, and to assess whether relationships differed across the following families and body forms: (1) Cylindrostethinae, Gerrinae, and Ptilomerinae, which are subfamilies within Gerridae consisting of small‐to‐large bugs that have long and slender bodies, (2) Halobatinae, a subfamily within Gerridae, consisting of small‐to‐medium bugs with wide heads and thoraxes as well as short abdomens, and (3) Veliidae, which are small bugs with stout bodies. Estimation used five fitting functions – linear regression, polynomial regression order 2, 3, and 4, and power regression – on the following groupings: three body forms combined; each body form with life stages (juvenile and adult) combined; and each body form with life stages separated. Power regressions were the best fit in predicting the biomass of semi‐aquatic bugs across life stages and body forms, and the predictive power of models was higher when the biomass of different body forms was calculated separately (specifically for Halobatinae and Veliidae). Splitting by life stages did not always result in additional improvement. The equations from this study expand the scope of possible future ecological research on semi‐aquatic bugs, particularly in Southeast Asia, by allowing more studies to consider biomass‐related questions.
Towards the fully automated monitoring of ecological communities
Authors: Besson Marc , Alison Jamie , Bjerge Kim , Gorochowski Thomas E. , Høye Toke T. , Jucker Tommaso , Mann Hjalte M. R. , Clements Christopher F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHigh‐resolution monitoring is fundamental to understand ecosystems dynamics in an era of global change and biodiversity declines. While real‐time and automated monitoring of abiotic components has been possible for some time, monitoring biotic components—for example, individual behaviours and traits, and species abundance and distribution—is far more challenging. Recent technological advancements offer potential solutions to achieve this through: (i) increasingly affordable high‐throughput recording hardware, which can collect rich multidimensional data, and (ii) increasingly accessible artificial intelligence approaches, which can extract ecological knowledge from large datasets. However, automating the monitoring of facets of ecological communities via such technologies has primarily been achieved at low spatiotemporal resolutions within limited steps of the monitoring workflow. Here, we review existing technologies for data recording and processing that enable automated monitoring of ecological communities. We then present novel frameworks that combine such technologies, forming fully automated pipelines to detect, track, classify and count multiple species, and record behavioural and morphological traits, at resolutions which have previously been impossible to achieve. Based on these rapidly developing technologies, we illustrate a solution to one of the greatest challenges in ecology: the ability to rapidly generate high‐resolution, multidimensional and standardised data across complex ecologies.
Cultivating more inclusive classrooms and practice‐ready graduates with voice and video assignments
Authors: Abrams Jamie R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVoice and video learning tools can efficiently and effectively strengthen the traditional law school classroom to meet the evolving needs of our students and the profession. These tools respond to transitions in legal education as faculty cultivate more inclusive classrooms, adapt to changing bar exam methodologies, and add professional identity formation to their teaching objectives. These reforms also weigh on institutions at a moment of jolting and deepening wellness concerns affecting students, staff, and faculty alike, necessitating scalable tools that build community. Voice and video learning tools, such as VoiceThread and Flipgrid, offer sustainable supplements to traditional courses and materials that are well‐suited for the family law classroom. These tools engage students in advocacy, client counseling, and policy debates that are more inclusive, interactive, and self‐efficacious than Socratic dialogue and traditional casebook practice problems alone. These tools empower students to argue motions, deliver legislative testimony, advise clients, explain rules, and interpret statutes. Students apply rules in practice‐based settings while cultivating their voices as lawyers and engaging with peer colleagues collaboratively. The professor pivots critically and symbolically from a “sage on the stage” to a “guide on the side.” These more intentional and equitable approaches to classroom management better meet the needs of modern students and align with intersecting curricular reform goals. Voice and video assignments thus offer both symbolic and substantive pedagogical improvements, dynamically promoting professional identity formation, practice readiness, inclusion, and wellness.
Reframing family law: Using narratively‐informed lawyering to build an inclusive curriculum
Authors: Chase Victoria , Freedman Ann E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article describes a multi‐layered family law clinic providing advice, counsel, and drafting assistance to returning citizens with child support and related issues. As here, giving appropriate weight in the family law curriculum to the experiences of families marginalized by caste, race, and other exclusionary dynamics requires moving beyond casebook‐dependent teaching and working across disciplines and teaching skill sets otherwise confined to siloed groupings within legal education. The article explains how innovative pedagogy, including sustained attention to narrative and relationship positions students to deeply understand and challenge the many unjust aspects of the child support system, as well as to gain confidence in their lawyering skills. Techniques discussed include a process drama using an actor‐teacher in the role of client; social location work; work drafting pleadings for returning citizen clients; and the use of strength‐based resilience dialogues. Adding to the growing chorus of challenges to the blame‐laden notions that expose Black and Brown families, especially those who are poor, to harsh sanctions, the article illustrates how increased attention to work with narratives and relationships can energize needed change in legal education as well as in the family law and criminal legal systems.
Dynamic interdisciplinary exercise for juvenile and family law students
Authors: Johnston‐Walsh Lucy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs adult learners, law students can benefit in many ways from dynamic experiential exercises. This article will describe an innovative, interdisciplinary teaching and learning activity for law students in juvenile and family law subject areas. The exercise incorporates professionals in related fields to join in the exercise, with benefits to be shared by all involved. Dynamic interdisciplinary exchanges not only provide benefits for students, but also faculty and clients. This activity transcends the traditional simulation through the integration of non‐law professionals. Faculty interested in replicating this exercise can creatively adjust the exercise based on their unique issues, areas, and/or availability of community partners.
Scale‐dependence of fish habitat associations in a North American river system
Authors: Keller David H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Determining the appropriate measurement scale to assess habitat variables is critical for ecologists assessing biological or ecological conditions. Depth, velocity, substrate, woody debris and other fish cover variables occur on both reach and microhabitat scales, and fish habitat associations with these variables may be scale‐dependent. The aim of this work was to better understand the importance of scale for fish–habitat associations with these variables in a framework consistent with environmental filtering and to test the hypothesis that habitat variable importance is scale‐dependent.

I used prepositioned areal electrofishing in wadeable streams of the Delaware River basin to evaluate the associations of fish with the same variables summarised on different reach and microhabitat scales. The importance of scale for fish–habitat associations was assessed using two approaches that approximate an environmental filtering framework: variance partitioning with (1) ordination and (2) generalised linear mixed models.

Variables on both the reach and microhabitat scales explained a significant fraction of the total variation in fish community composition (p < 0.05). Variation decomposition of reach‐ and microhabitat‐scale effects revealed 20.2% and 2.0% of all variation were due uniquely to reach and microhabitat scales, respectively. Measures of coarseness, embeddedness, amount of riffle and areal coverage of five fish cover variables were significant explanatory variables of community composition at the reach scale only (p < 0.05). Velocity and mesohabitat (amount or presence of riffle) were the only two habitat features that were significant explanatory variables of fish community composition at both the reach and microhabitat scales (p < 0.05). Individual models of species occurrence revealed similar patterns as seen with analyses of community composition.

For many fishes, habitat features quantified at the reach scale were more explanatory than at the microhabitat scale. Longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) were more dependent upon microhabitat variables than reach‐scale variables, relative to other fishes. Mean velocity at the reach scale was the most important explanatory variable for explaining fish community composition and indicated support for the concept of environmental filtering at the reach and microhabitat scales.

Few studies of fish occurrence have incorporated a study design and analytical framework that approximates the hierarchical nature of habitat. This study identifies important scales and predictors, demonstrates the importance of a multiscale approach, and provides support for the environmental filtering concept at the reach and microhabitat scales. These findings will allow ecologists to better account for scale‐dependent habitat associations and justify the use of fish habitat associations on reach and microhabitat scales for assessing biotic integrity, restoration and conservation of fishes.
The burden of chronic diseases and patients' preference for healthcare services among adult patients suffering from chronic diseases in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahumud Rashidul A. , Sultana Marufa , Kundu Satyajit , Rahman Md. A. , Mistry Sabuj K. , Kamara Joseph K. , Kamal Mostafa , Ali Mohammad A. , Hossain Md. G. , Brooks Cristy , Khan Asaduzzaman , Alam Khorshed , Renzaho Andre M. N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundLow‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) have a disproportionately high burden of chronic diseases, with inequalities in health care access and quality services. This study aimed to assess patients' preferences for healthcare services for chronic disease management among adult patients in Bangladesh.MethodsThe present analysis was conducted among 10,385 patients suffering from chronic diseases, drawn from the latest Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2016–2017. We used the multinomial logistic regression to investigate the association of chronic comorbid conditions and healthcare service‐related factors with patients' preferences for healthcare services.ResultsThe top four dimensions of patient preference for healthcare services in order of magnitude were quality of treatment (30.3%), short distance to health facility (27.6%), affordability of health care (21.7%) and availability of doctors (11.0%). Patients with heart disease had a 29% significantly lower preference for healthcare affordability than the quality of healthcare services (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 0.71; 0.56–0.90). Patients who received healthcare services from pharmacies or dispensaries were more likely to prefer a short distance to a health facility (RRR = 6.99; 4.80–9.86) or affordability of healthcare services (RRR = 3.13; 2.25–4.36). Patients with comorbid conditions were more likely to prefer healthcare affordability (RRR = 1.39; 1.15–1.68). In addition, patients who received health care from a public facility had 2.93 times higher preference for the availability of medical doctors (RRR = 2.93; 1.70–5.04) than the quality of treatment in the health facility, when compared with private service providers.ConclusionsPatient preferences for healthcare services in chronic disease management were significantly associated with the type of disease and its magnitude and characteristics of healthcare providers. Therefore, to enhance service provision and equitable distribution and uptake of health services, policymakers and public health practitioners should consider patient preferences in designing national strategic frameworks for chronic disease management.Patient or Public ContributionOur research team includes four researchers (co‐authors) with chronic diseases who have experience of living or working with people suffering from chronic conditions or diseases.
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence information specialist development pathway: Developing the skills, knowledge and confidence to quality assure search strategies
Authors: Levay Paul , Walsh Nicola , Foster Louise 
Published: October 2022

AbstractQuality assurance (QA) is an important process in ensuring that systematic reviews and other evidence syntheses are supported by a high‐quality search. This paper describes how the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK established a development pathway to ensure its information specialists had the skills, knowledge and confidence to undertake search QA. The key component of the pathway is that it blends technical knowledge with interpersonal skills. The pathway develops technical skills in the early steps before using peer support activities to build confidence while undertaking a range of searches. QA is effective when the search lead communicates the contextual information that has influenced search development. QA is treated as a collaboration to get the right search for the review. The key requirements for search QA, alongside technical knowledge, are communication, collaboration and negotiation skills.
Practical advice for refugees aspiring to become registered nurses in Australia
Authors: Ng Chok Harrison , Lewis Peter , Mannix Judy , Wilkes Lesley 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsThis paper describes practical advice for refugees aspiring to become Registered Nurses (RNs) in Australia.DesignQualitative description using a naturalistic inquiry framework.MethodsBetween February 2018 and September 2019, the lead author conducted semi‐structured interviews with employed RNs that are former refugees that speak English. Interviews were 45–90 min in duration and digitally recorded. Participants provided voluntary informed consent and were sent questions beforehand. All transcription data were thematically analysed for key themes until no further themes were identified. This paper covers practical advice provided by the participants at the conclusion of their interviews.ResultsTwelve participants provided practical advice. Six themes were identified: (1) Find your purpose and set goals; (2) Work hard and never give up; (3) Seek support; (4) Capitalize on opportunities; (5) Be optimistic; (6) Give back. The last theme, give back, was salient across all interviews and was an inherent motivator for some participants once their RN status was achieved.ConclusionEach participant set the goal of becoming a fully registered nurse and made it a life goal that provided meaning for them. Despite their experiences, the participants provided practical advice that could guide younger people aspiring to become successfully qualified RNs.ImpactThe findings in this study are unique as they are derived from people with experiences as refugees who, despite their adversity, became RNs. The practical advice provides a framework not only for younger people from refugee backgrounds seeking to achieve their professional goals, but others looking to succeed in other workforce sectors. The practical advice for success will be useful in informing nursing authorities, tertiary institutions and private and public health organizations to develop effective approaches to guide the next generation of would‐be RNs set to contribute to nursing practice in Australia. There were no patient or public contributions as the focus was the personal and professional lives of nurses with refugee backgrounds.
Stuck on top of a mountain: Consequences of dispersal limitations for alpine diversity
Authors: Laiolo Paola , Illera Juan Carlos , Obeso José Ramón 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThe future of biodiversity in increasingly warmer mountains may be poorly predicted by climate variation if dispersal affects ecological change. We assessed the influence of dispersal limitations in the assembly of mountaintop communities, focusing on the relationship between proxies of flight abilities and species diversity in insects.LocationCantabrian Mountains, Spain.TaxonGrasshoppers (Orthoptera, Acrididae) and bumblebees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombinae).MethodsWe analysed the magnitude of variation in the relative wing length of individuals, species and communities along elevation by means of phylogenetic multilevel and generalized least square models, to assess the environmental fit of this morphological trait. Then we analysed whether wing length variation among assemblages affected species diversity and the biotic interchange between foothills and mountaintops, and between nearby mountaintops, by means of linear models and metrics quantifying dispersal.ResultsGrasshoppers and bumblebees converged in the evolution of shorter wings at higher elevations. The effects of this adaptation scaled to the community level and affected diversity patterns. Mountaintop assemblages were richer (grasshoppers) or shared more species with lowlands (bumblebees) when the average wingspan of their member species was larger. The species composition of mountaintops was significantly affected by dispersal processes and their species richness was more strongly correlated with that of their foothills than that of nearby mountains.Main ConclusionsThese results show a wingspan reduction in upland insects, the role of dispersal in improving species richness and reducing beta diversity, and the dependence of mountaintop diversity from the species pools of foothills. In these settings, we can envisage that upward movements of long‐winged species will be favoured and increase the species richness and nestedness of upland biotas as climate warms. However, the fate of upland inhabitants will depend on how they tackle novel biotic and abiotic pressures, given the constraints to peak‐to‐peak displacement.
Physical activity and depression in Indonesian adults with stroke: A nationwide survey
Authors: Apriliyasari Renny Wulan , Budi Ilham Setyo , Tan Maw Pin , Tsai Pei‐Shan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeTo examine the associations between physical activity and depressive symptoms in adults with stroke.DesignWe conducted a cross‐sectional study involving the data of 3234 adults with stroke obtained from the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riset Kesehatan Dasar, RISKESDAS).MethodsPhysical activity level in metabolic equivalents‐minutes per week were determined using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior recommendations. Depression was assessed using the Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Multivariate binomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the predictive role of physical activity for depression after adjusting for confounders.ResultsAdults with stroke who met the WHO recommendation of physical activity were independently and significantly associated with lower odds of depression after adjustment for confounders (adjusted OR = 0.757, p = 0.017).ConclusionsPerforming physical activity according to the WHO recommendation is associated with a lower likelihood of depression among Indonesian adults with stroke.Clinical relevanceClinicians should be informed by the findings of this study and prescribe exercise interventions or plan physical activities to optimize recovery and prevent poststroke depression.
Caregiving in the COVID‐19 pandemic: Family adaptations following an intensive care unit hospitalisation
Authors: Robinson‐Lane Sheria G. , Leggett Amanda N. , Johnson Florence U. , Leonard Natalie , Carmichael Alicia G. , Oxford Grace , Miah Tanbirul , Wright Johnny J. , Blok Amanda C. , Iwashyna Theodore J. , Gonzalez Richard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAim and ObjectiveTo identify how family caregivers adapt to the caregiving role following a relative's COVID‐19‐related intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalisation.BackgroundFamily caregiving is often associated with poor health amongst caregivers which may limit their capacity to effectively support patients. Though severe COVID‐19 infection has necessitated increasing numbers of persons who require caregiver support, little is known about these caregivers, the persons they are caring for, or the strategies used to effectively adjust to the caregiving role.DesignA qualitative descriptive study design was adopted, and findings are reported using COREQ.MethodsA secondary analysis of transcripts from semi‐structured interviews conducted with recently discharged ICU patients who had COVID‐19 (n = 16) and their family caregivers (n = 16) was completed using thematic analysis. MAXQDA 2020 and Miro were used to organise data and complete coding. Analysis involved a structured process of open and closed coding to identify and confirm themes that elucidated adaptation to family caregiving.ResultsSix themes highlight how family caregivers adapt to the caregiving role following an ICU COVID‐19‐related hospitalisation including (1) engaging the support of family and friends, (2) increased responsibilities to accommodate caregiving, (3) managing emotions, (4) managing infection control, (5) addressing patient independence and (6) engaging support services. These themes were found to be congruent with the Roy adaptation model.ConclusionsFamily caregiving is a stressful transition following a patient's acute hospitalisation. Effective adaptation requires flexibility and sufficient support, beginning with the care team who can adequately prepare the family for the anticipated challenges of recovery.Relevance to Clinical PracticeClinical teams may improve post‐hospitalisation care outcomes of patients by preparing families to effectively adjust to the caregiver role—particularly in identifying sufficient support resources.Patient or Public ContributionParticipation of patients/caregivers in this study was limited to the data provided through participant interviews.