bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Airway-resident T cells from unexposed individuals cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Diniz Mariana O. , Mitsi Elena , Swadling Leo , Rylance Jamie , Johnson Marina , Goldblatt David , Ferreira Daniela , Maini Mala K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractT cells can contribute to clearance of respiratory viruses that cause acute-resolving infections such as SARS-CoV-2, helping to provide long-lived protection against disease. Recent studies have suggested an additional role for T cells in resisting overt infection: pre-existing cross-reactive responses were preferentially enriched in healthcare workers who had abortive infections1, and in household contacts protected from infection2. We hypothesize that such early viral control would require pre-existing cross-reactive memory T cells already resident at the site of infection; such airway-resident responses have been shown to be critical for mediating protection after intranasal vaccination in a murine model of SARS-CoV3. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples from the lower respiratory tract of healthy donors obtained before the COVID-19 pandemic revealed airway-resident, SARS-CoV-2-cross-reactive T cells, which correlated with the strength of human seasonal coronavirus immunity. We therefore demonstrate the potential to harness functional airway-resident SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in next-generation mucosal vaccines.
Le Petit Prince multilingual naturalistic fMRI corpus
Authors: Li Jixing , Bhattasali Shohini , Zhang Shulin , Franzluebbers Berta , Luh Wen-Ming , Spreng R. Nathan , Brennan Jonathan R. , Yang Yiming , Pallier Christophe , Hale John 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNeuroimaging using more ecologically valid stimuli such as audiobooks has advanced our understanding of natural language comprehension in the brain. However, prior naturalistic stimuli have typically been restricted to a single language, which limited generalizability beyond small typological domains. Here we present the Le Petit Prince fMRI Corpus (LPPC–fMRI), a multilingual resource for research in the cognitive neuroscience of speech and language during naturalistic listening (OpenNeuro: ds003643). 49 English speakers, 35 Chinese speakers and 28 French speakers listened to the same audiobook The Little Prince in their native language while multi-echo functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired. We also provide time-aligned speech annotation and word-by-word predictors obtained using natural language processing tools. The resulting timeseries data are shown to be of high quality with good temporal signal-to-noise ratio and high inter-subject correlation. Data-driven functional analyses provide further evidence of data quality. This annotated, multilingual fMRI dataset facilitates future re-analysis that addresses cross-linguistic commonalities and differences in the neural substrate of language processing on multiple perceptual and linguistic levels.
Probabilistic atlas for the language network based on precision fMRI data from >800 individuals
Authors: Lipkin Benjamin , Tuckute Greta , Affourtit Josef , Small Hannah , Mineroff Zachary , Kean Hope , Jouravlev Olessia , Rakocevic Lara , Pritchett Brianna , Siegelman Matthew , Hoeflin Caitlyn , Pongos Alvincé , Blank Idan A. , Struhl Melissa Kline , Ivanova Anna , Shannon Steven , Sathe Aalok , Hoffmann Malte , Nieto-Castañón Alfonso , Fedorenko Evelina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTwo analytic traditions characterize fMRI language research. One relies on averaging activations across individuals. This approach has limitations: because of inter-individual variability in the locations of language areas, any given voxel/vertex in a common brain space is part of the language network in some individuals but in others, may belong to a distinct network. An alternative approach relies on identifying language areas in each individual using a functional ‘localizer’. Because of its greater sensitivity, functional resolution, and interpretability, functional localization is gaining popularity, but it is not always feasible, and cannot be applied retroactively to past studies. To bridge these disjoint approaches, we created aprobabilistic functional atlasusing fMRI data for an extensively validated language localizer in 806 individuals. This atlas enables estimating the probability that any given location in a common space belongs to the language network, and thus can help interpret group-level activation peaks and lesion locations, or select voxels/electrodes for analysis. More meaningful comparisons of findings across studies should increase robustness and replicability in language research.
The geometry of evolved community matrix spectra
Authors: Låstad Silja Borring , Haerter Jan O. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRandom matrix theory has been applied to food web stability for decades, implying elliptical eigenvalue spectra and that large food webs should be unstable. Here we allow feasible food webs to self-assemble within an evolutionary process, using simple Lotka–Volterra equations and several elementary interaction types. We show that, as complex food webs evolve under$${10^5}$$105invasion attempts, the community matrix spectra become bi-modal, rather than falling onto elliptical geometries. Our results raise questions as to the applicability of random matrix theory to the analysis of food web steady states.
Effects of complex spa therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the spine receiving treatments in health resorts in south-eastern Poland
Authors: Zwolińska Jolanta , Gąsior Monika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractManagement of patients with degenerative diseases commonly comprises health-resort based treatment programs, including spa therapies, balneotherapy as well as terrain therapy making use of microclimate factors. The study was designed to assess short- and long-term effects of spa therapy administered to patients with osteoarthritis of the spine who received treatment in health resorts located in Poland. The study involved 102 patients receiving treatment in health resorts, a group of subjects receiving outpatient treatment (100 patients) and a group receiving no therapy (100 patients). The assessment survey included: Pain VAS and Laitinen, LISAT-9 and HAQ-20 questionnaires. The assessments were carried out three times: at the start of the therapy program, as well as one month and six months after the end of the program. Short-term effects showed statistically significant improvement in all the outcome measures in spa group and outpatient treatment group. The long-term effects showed statistically significant improvement in all the outcome measures in spa group only. In conclusion spa therapy reduces pain, improves functional efficiency and increases the level of life satisfaction in patients with osteoarthritis of the spine. Its effects are sustained for at least six months. Spa therapy is more effective long-term, than outpatient treatment.Trial registration: The study was registered at Clinical Trials: NCT03974308. First registration: 04/06/2019.
Differential persistence of neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 in post immunized Bangladeshi population
Authors: Roy Dipa , Rahman Md. Mosfequr , Chaity Arnaba Saha , Reza Md. Abu , Haque Ariful 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDevelopment of effective vaccines have been immensely welcomed by the world to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However, the duration and clinical implications of antibody-mediated natural immunity in SARS-CoV-2 have not been adequately elucidated alongside some other immune system transforming factors. In a cohort study, we measured NAb titer following the 2nd immunization dosage of the CoviShield (AZD1222) vaccine. The enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to look for SARS-CoV-2—specific NAb. We measured NAb at 30 days after the 2nd dosage of immunization and > 96% titer was detected in 42.9% of subjects, but only 5.1% of subjects retained the same level after 180 days. The median NAb titer dropped significantly, from 92% at 30 days to 58% at 180 days (p < 0.001). Besides, there were significant differences observed in NAb titer after 180 days by age, sex, COVID-19 infection, tobacco use, and asthma patients. However, SARS-CoV-2 infection along with two dosages of immunization upheld NAb titer (p < 0.001) even at the end of the study period.
Clinical factors affecting depression in patients with painful temporomandibular disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lee Yeon-Hee , Auh Q-Schick 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a multifactorial condition associated with both physical and psychological factors. Stress has been known to trigger or worsens TMD. We aimed to investigate whether the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic aggravates depression in patients with painful TMD, and the factors that affect their level of depression. We included 112 patients with painful TMD (74 females, 38 males; mean age: 35.90 ± 17.60 years; myalgia [n = 38], arthralgia [n = 43], mixed joint–muscle TMD pain [n = 31]). TMD was diagnosed based on the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD Axis I. Physical pain intensity was recorded using the visual analog scale (VAS); psycho-emotional status (depression: Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], anxiety: Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI], and generalized stress related to COVID19: Global Assessment of Recent Stress [GARS]) was investigated twice (before [BC] and after COVID-19 [AC]). Additionally, factors affecting BDI-AC were investigated. BDI (p < 0.001), BAI (p < 0.001), GARS (p < 0.001), and VAS (p < 0.01) scores were significantly increased at AC than BC. The depression, anxiety, and stress levels were significantly positively correlated, and the AC and BC values of each factor showed a high correlation. In the mixed TMD group, BDI-AC was positively correlated with VAS-AC (p < 0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, clenching habit was the strongest predictor of an increase in the BDI scores from moderate to severe, followed by psychological distress, muscle stiffness, female sex, BAI-AC, and TMJ sounds. COVID-19 has negatively affected the psycho-emotional state of patients with painful TMD, and several clinical factors, including female sex and clenching habits, have influenced depression.
Cyclophilin A contributes to shikonin-induced glioma cell necroptosis and promotion of chromatinolysis
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Fan Liwen , Wang Xuanzhong , Luo Tianfei , Liu Linlin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractShikonin induces glioma cell death via necroptosis, a caspase-independent programmed cell death pathway that is chiefly regulated by receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase1 (RIP1) and 3 (RIP3). Chromatinolysis is considered as one of the key events leading to cell death during necroptosis. It is usually accompanied with nuclear translocation of AIF and formation of γ-H2AX. Cyclophilin A (CypA) is reported to participate in the nuclear translocation of AIF during apoptosis. However, it remains unclear whether CypA contributes to necroptosis and regulation of chromatinolysis. In this study, our results revealed for the first time that shikonin promoted time-dependent CypA activation, which contributed to nuclear translocation of AIF and γ-H2AX formation. In vitro studies showed that knockdown of CypA by siRNA or inhibition of CypA by its specific inhibitor, cyclosporine A (CsA), not only significantly mitigated shikonin-induced glioma cell death, but also prevented chromatinolysis. Mechanistically, activated CypA targeted mitochondria and triggered mitochondrial superoxide overproduction, which then promoted AIF translocation from mitochondria into the nucleus by depolarizing the mitochondria and intensified the formation of γ-H2AX by promoting intracellular accumulation of ROS. Additionally, the CypA in the nucleus can form DNA degradation complexes with AIF and γ-H2AX, which also promote the execution of chromatinolysis. Thus, we demonstrate that CypA contributes to shikonin-induced glioma cell necroptosis and promotion of chromatinolysis.
Learning from Online Video Education (LOVE) improves confidence in fertility treatments: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Adeleye Amanda , Cruz Katrina , Cedars Marcelle I. , Pasch Lauri , Huddleston Heather 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFertility treatments like in vitro fertilization (IVF) or oocyte cryopreservation (OC) require the daily use of injectable gonadotropins and has been associated with treatment burden and attrition from fertility treatment. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to determine (1) whether educational videos about fertility medications improved infertility self-efficacy scale (ISES), fertility quality of life treatment (FertiQoL-T), and Perceived stress scale (PSS) scores and (2) if such videos improved confidence and reduced medication errors during a first ovarian stimulation cycle. Participants were given access to an online portal with randomized access to either placebo control videos focused on an orientation to IVF or experimental videos that reviewed the preparation and administration of medications used during ovarian stimulation in addition to the placebo videos. Participants completed pre and post-treatment questionnaires. 368 patients enrolled and 257 participants completed the study. There were no differences in ISES, FertiQoL-T or PSS scores between the two groups in an intention-to-treat (p = 0.18, 0.72, and 0.92, respectively) or per-protocol analysis (p = 0.11, 0.38, and 0.37, respectively). In the per protocol analysis, participants who watched experimental videos were four-fold more likely to report confidence administering medications OR 4.70 (95% CI: 2.10, 11.1; p < 0.01) and were 63% less likely to make medication errors OR 0.37 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.90; p = 0.03). Participants had similar likelihoods of rating videos as helpful and recommending videos to others (p = 0.06 and 0.3, respectively). Educational videos about fertility medications may not influence psychological well-being but might improve confidence in medication administration and reduce medication errors. Trial registration number: NCT02979990.
Automatic identification of tinnitus malingering based on overt and covert behavioral responses during psychoacoustic testing
Authors: Smalt Christopher J. , Sugai Jenna A. , Koops Elouise A. , Jahn Kelly N. , Hancock Kenneth E. , Polley Daniel B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is a prevalent condition that imposes a substantial health and financial burden on the patient and to society. The diagnosis of tinnitus, like pain, relies on patient self-report, which can complicate the distinction between actual and fraudulent claims. Here, we combined tablet-based self-directed hearing assessments with neural network classifiers to automatically differentiate participants with tinnitus (N = 24) from a malingering cohort, who were instructed to feign an imagined tinnitus percept (N = 28). We identified clear differences between the groups, both in their overt reporting of tinnitus features, but also covert differences in their fingertip movement trajectories on the tablet surface as they performed the reporting assay. Using only 10 min of data, we achieved 81% accuracy classifying patients and malingerers (ROC AUC = 0.88) with leave-one-out cross validation. Quantitative, automated measurements of tinnitus salience could improve clinical outcome assays and more accurately determine tinnitus incidence.
Iron isotopes constrain sub-seafloor hydrothermal processes at the Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse (TAG) active sulfide mound
Authors: Sahlström Fredrik , Troll Valentin R. , Palinkaš Sabina Strmić , Kooijman Ellen , Zheng Xin-Yuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSub-seafloor hydrothermal processes along volcanically active plate boundaries are integral to the formation of seafloor massive sulfide deposits and to oceanic iron cycling, yet the nature of their relationship is poorly understood. Here we apply iron isotope analysis to sulfide minerals from the Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse (TAG) mound and underlying stockwork, 26°N Mid-Atlantic Ridge, to trace hydrothermal processes inside an actively-forming sulfide deposit in a sediment-free mid-ocean ridge setting. We show that data for recently formed chalcopyrite imply hydrothermal fluid–mound interactions cause small negative shifts (<−0.1‰) to the δ56Fe signature of dissolved iron released from TAG into the North Atlantic Ocean. Texturally distinct types of pyrite, in turn, preserve a δ56Fe range from −1.27 to +0.56‰ that reflects contrasting precipitation mechanisms (hydrothermal fluid–seawater mixing vs. conductive cooling) and variable degrees of progressive hydrothermal maturation during the >20 kyr evolution of the TAG complex. The identified processes may explain iron isotope variations found in fossil onshore sulfide deposits.
Impact of FM System Use on Acquisition of Phonological Awareness Skills for Children at Risk of Dyslexia: A Preliminary Classroom Study
Authors: Reynolds Gabriella , Werfel Krystal 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
This study evaluated the effects of utilizing a frequency modulation (FM) system during phonological awareness intervention for students at risk for dyslexia in a classroom setting.

Method:
Four first-grade students participated in an adapted-alternating single-case design study. Participants completed intervention targeting two phonological awareness skills and were assigned to wear an FM system during lessons targeting one skill and no FM system during lessons targeting the second skill. Performance was assessed using daily assessments on the skills targeted during intervention and one additional skill.

Results:
Two participants demonstrated quicker and more pronounced improvement on the skill learned while wearing the FM system. The other two participants did not show improvement on any skill.

Conclusions:
For children who made gains as a result of phonological awareness intervention, the FM system was associated with quicker and greater improvement. FM systems show promise as a tool to use during phonological awareness training for at least some children at risk for dyslexia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20540139
Electrophysiological Examination of Ambient Speech Processing in Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Corina David P. , Coffey-Corina Sharon , Pierotti Elizabeth , Bormann Brett , LaMarr Todd , Lawyer Laurel , Backer Kristina C. , Miller Lee M. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

This research examined the expression of cortical auditory evoked potentials in a cohort of children who received cochlear implants (CIs) for treatment of congenital deafness (
n
= 28) and typically hearing controls (
n
= 28).

Method:
We make use of a novel electroencephalography paradigm that permits the assessment of auditory responses to ambiently presented speech and evaluates the contributions of concurrent visual stimulation on this activity.

Results:
Our findings show group differences in the expression of auditory sensory and perceptual event-related potential components occurring in 80- to 200-ms and 200- to 300-ms time windows, with reductions in amplitude and a greater latency difference for CI-using children. Relative to typically hearing children, current source density analysis showed muted responses to concurrent visual stimulation in CI-using children, suggesting less cortical specialization and/or reduced responsiveness to auditory information that limits the detection of the interaction between sensory systems.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that even in the face of early interventions, CI-using children may exhibit disruptions in the development of auditory and multisensory processing.
Dual band‐notched ultra‐wideband antenna with T‐shape stub
Authors: Wang Ziqin , Liu Xianglong , Rasool Nouman , Tang Zhengming , Chen Fangyuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna with dual band‐notched characteristics is proposed in this letter. The fabricated prototype of the proposed antenna has a compact size of 30 × 24 mm which operates at 3 to 14 GHz and attained dual notch‐bands at 3.3 to 3.7 GHz and 5.15 to 5.825 GHz. The result shows that the proposed antenna is compact, easy to fabricate and provides good characteristics in radiation patterns and time‐domain behaviours. The simulated and measured results displayed good agreement over the entire operating frequency band. The proposed antenna can be used for wideband frequency requirement systems like indoor positioning.
Robust resource allocation for IRS‐assisted secure cognitive radio networks
Authors: Tang Runzhe , Wu Wei , Wang Yibo , Jiang Huaixuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a robust resource allocation problem in an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted artificial noise (AN)‐aided cognitive radio network is investigated. Considering that the channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropper channel and interference channel cannot be perfectly known in practice, the aim is to minimise the power consumption of the secondary user transmitter (SU‐TX) by jointly optimising the transmit beamforming and covariance matrix of AN at the SU‐TX as well as the phase shifts of the IRS. The formulated problem is non‐convex and challenging to tackle due to the coupling among multiple variables. An efficient alternative optimisation algorithm to solve it by exploiting the S‐procedure and semi‐definite relaxation. Simulation results demonstrate that the IRS helps in reducing the power consumption significantly even under imperfect CSI conditions.
Analysis and design of a 55–74 GHz ultra‐compact low‐noise amplifier using highly asymmetric transformers
Authors: Becker Maximilian , Morath Helmuth , Schumann Stefan , Ellinger Frank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis letter presents a low‐noise amplifier with a 3 dB‐bandwidth, from 55 to 74 GHz, excellent noise performance and low power consumption based on a three‐stage common‐source topology. For the first time to the authors' best knowledge, an analytical equation that also considers the gate–drain capacitance is derived for the employed shunt–series transformer feedback input matching network. To enable shunt–series transformer feedback matching without significant gain reduction a highly asymmetric transformer is designed. Furthermore, a compact transformer‐implemented T‐shaped output matching network is investigated to minimize the required area. To prove these concepts, the circuit has been fabricated in a 22 nm fully depleted silicon‐on‐insulator technology. Thanks to the transformer‐based matching, an ultra‐compact active footprint of 0.039 mm2 is achieved. At a power consumption of 8.4 mW from a 0.41 V supply an average noise figure of 4.8 dB and a peak gain of 14.2 dB has been measured. In‐ and output matching better than −10 dB over the 19 GHz wide 3 dB‐bandwidth are demonstrated.