bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of clove extract and its effectiveness in bio‐composite film on storage stability of goat meat balls
Authors: Singh Tarun Pal , Chauhan Geeta , Mendiratta Sanjod Kumar , Agrawal Ravi Kant , Arora Shalini , Verma Arun Kumar , Rajkumar Vincet 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to find out clove extract's antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, as well as its efficacy as a bioactive ingredient in the development of bio‐composite films to increase the storage stability of goat meat balls stored at 4 ± 1°C. The clove extracts (CLEs) were prepared in ethanol, hydroethanol (1:1), and water and evaluated for antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. In vitro assays of CLEs revealed more susceptibility for gram‐positive bacteria than gram‐negative bacteria. Among the different extracts, the clove ethanol extract (CLEE) had the highest antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms as well as total phenolics (1.14 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (8.50 µg catechin/g), and DPPH assay (39.59%). Further, the concentration‐dependent effect of CLEE (p < 0.05) on thickness and color values and antimicrobial properties of the bio‐composite film were observed. The storage qualities of the product T1 (with film; 450 µl CLEE) such as pH (6.45 ± 0.01), TBARS (0.87 ± 0.06 mg malonaldehyde/kg) value, free fatty acid (0.193 ± 0.001% oleic acid), total mesophilic count (4.98 ± 0.05 log10 CFU/g), and sensory attributes (overall acceptability score: 5.67 on 8‐point scale) were better (p < 0.05) than T0 (without film; control) on day 20 of storage. Thus, the ethanolic clove extract has a superior antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. Its inclusion in the bio‐composite film prolonged the storage stability of goat meat balls by controlling lipid oxidation and microbial growth.Practical ApplicationToday's consumers are more attracted towards meat products added with natural ingredients having preservative effects. Clove extract is a classic example of a natural preservative and has excellent antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. The present study revealed that by wrapping the ethanolic clove extract‐based bio‐composite film on goat meat balls extended the storage stability of the product due to controlled lipid oxidation and microbial growth. Thus, such bio‐composite films can be successfully applied on goat meat balls that function as a antimicrobial packaging for providing optimum organoleptic quality and better shelf life.
Elucidation of chickpea hydration, effect of soaking temperature, and extent of germination on characteristics of malted flour
Authors: Kaur Ravneet , Prasad Kamlesh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGermination is a biochemical process that has been widely used to improve the nutritional quality, functional properties, and bioavailability of the protein. Soaking is the preliminary step for germination. Effect of soaking temperature on germination parameters was studied to select the suitable soaking temperature for germination. The effect of germination time on nutritional, functional, and microstructural properties of chickpea flour was evaluated. The soaking temperature was selected as 30°C depending on the germination percentage, vigor value, and mean germination time. Physico‐chemical composition, antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid, total phenolic, and total flavonoid were investigated over 4 days of germination. It was found that protein content increased on dry matter basis, whereas carbohydrate and fat content decreased during germination. Ascorbic acid content was found to increase to about 3.52 times. Antioxidant activity increased from 24.14% to 58.50% after 4 days of germination. Water absorption capacity was found to decrease, whereas oil absorption capacity increased. XRD pattern depicted a decrease in crystallinity due to the degradation of amylopectin and increased amylose content. SEM was used to study the microstructural changes with increase in germination time. DSC studies were also carried out to study the effect of germination on thermal properties of chickpea flour.Practical ApplicationThis research work gives an outline of the available literature on the mechanism of hydration and germination process with the associated chemical and biochemical changes in the bioactive components along with the special emphasis on the health benefits. The present work is an effort toward the development of chickpea‐based meal‐replacement beverages.
Identification of a novel circ_0001946/miR‐1290/SOX6 ceRNA network in esophageal squamous cell cancer
Authors: Wang Jianjun , Yao Wenjian , Li Jiwei , Zhang Quan , Wei Li 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) can function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to impact the development of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Human circ_0001946 has been identified as a potential anticancer factor in ESCC, yet our understanding of its molecular basis remains limited.MethodsCirc_0001946, microRNA (miR)‐1290 and SRY‐box transcription factor 6 (SOX6) were quantified by quantitative reasl‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) or immunoblotting. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK‐8 and EDU assays. Cell apoptosis and invasion were evaluated by flow cytometry and transwell assays, respectively. Cell migration was detected by transwell and wound‐healing assays. The direct relationship between miR‐1290 and circ_0001946 or SOX6 was determined by dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Xenograft model assays were used to assess the role of circ_0001946 in tumor growth.ResultsCirc_0001946 expression was attenuated in human ESCC, and circ_0001946 increase impeded cell proliferation, invasion, migration and enhanced apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, circ_0001946 increase diminished xenograft growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circ_0001946 bound to miR‐1290, and re‐expression of miR‐1290 reversed circ_0001946‐dependent cell properties. SOX6 was a miR‐1290 target and it was responsible for the regulation of miR‐1290 in cell properties. Furthermore, circ_0001946 functioned as a ceRNA to regulate SOX6 expression via miR‐1290.ConclusionOur findings uncover an undescribed molecular mechanism, the circ_0001946/miR‐1290/SOX6 ceRNA crosstalk, for the anti‐ESCC activity of circ_0001946.
Educating the community about the opioid epidemic and medications for opioid use disorder
Authors: Williams Jill M. , Syed Muzdalifa A. , Adesanya Aderike , Gardner George , Chaguturu Vamsee , Coppola Kristen M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDespite overwhelming evidence of benefit, medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) remain stigmatizing and more efforts are needed to educate health care professionals and the general public.MethodsWe developed and evaluated an educational program for graduate students studying health sciences, teaching them to deliver 1 h presentations to the community on the opioid crisis and the usefulness of MOUD.ResultsTo date, 120 graduate students have participated in this training experience on substance use disorders and delivered 59 presentations to more than 1065 community members. We found a significant increase in knowledge among students following the training. In addition, although attitudes and beliefs were generally positive at baseline, we also found significant increases in positives attitudes about the treatment of addiction and working with patients with addictions. Almost all students believed the course enhanced their professional expertise and would recommend it to others. We compared our students’ baseline knowledge and attitudes to a large sample of other graduate students and did not find significant differences indicating good external validity of our results. Finally, we evaluated change in community members' knowledge and attitudes (N = 315) following student presentations and found significant increases in knowledge and positive attitude change toward MOUD.Discussion and ConclusionsOverall our program was feasible, enjoyable, and effective in meeting its goals of increasing knowledge acquisition and improving attitudes among students and the greater community.Scientific SignificanceGraduate students in health sciences can be trained to successfully teach the public about the opioid crisis and the usefulness of MOUD.
Treatment of facial hypertrophic capillary malformations with tumescent‐assisted sclerotherapy
Authors: Kang Mina , Parsi Kurosh 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTFacial capillary malformations (CMs) become hypertrophic and nodular overtime and pose great therapeutic challenge. Here, we describe safe and effective use of tumescent‐assisted sclerotherapy (TAS) in conjunction with yellow vascular laser (577 nm) for the treatment of HFCMs. Three patients underwent TAS were included in the case series, and complete resolution in nodularity was achieved in all patients with TAS, with no major complications such as skin necrosis, distal embolisation, blindness and neurological adverse events such as stroke or TIA occurred in any patients.
Canine Ministries:Co‐Instrumentalityof Human and Dog in a Christian Ontology
Authors: Frigiola Heather 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARYWithin the last century, US Americans have come to humanize dogs and place a greater personal value on them than ever before. In response to this cultural change, some US Christians have begun to use therapy dogs in ministry work. For this exploratory study, six chaplains in a canine ministry share their experiences and beliefs about their use of therapy dogs. Their stories reveal a unique form of human‐animal partnership emergent in contemporary society distinguished by a faith‐based context. The chaplain and ministry dog act together as co‐instruments of God, both being subject and object simultaneously. The dogs occupy an ontologically complex position of being subordinate to humans while also embodying virtues that Christians idealize. This paper focuses on the chaplains’ conceptualization of the relationality between themselves, their dogs, and God. Their accounts reveal changing perceptions of what it means to be human vis‐a‐vis our relationship with animals. [multispecies ethnography, dogs, religion, Christianity, ontology]
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of undergoing knee replacement in Australia
Authors: Wall Christopher J. , de Steiger Richard N. , Vertullo Christopher J. , Stoney James D. , Graves Stephen E. , Lorimer Michelle F. , Kondalsamy‐Chennakesavan Srinivas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity is associated with the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of obesity in patients undergoing knee replacement (KR) for OA in Australia compared to the incidence of obesity in the general population.MethodsA cohort study was conducted, comparing data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2017–2018 National Health Survey with data from the National Joint Replacement Registry. The distribution of patients who underwent KR from July 2017 to June 2018 by BMI category was compared to the distribution of the general population, in age and gender sub‐groups.ResultsDuring the study period, 35.6% of Australian adults were overweight and 31.3% were obese. Of the 56 217 patients who underwent primary KR for OA, 31.9% were overweight and 57.7% were obese. The relative risk of undergoing KR for OA increased with increasing BMI category. Class 1, 2 and 3 obese females aged 55–64 years were 4.7, 8.4 and 17.3 times more likely to undergo KR than their normal weight counterparts, respectively. Males in the same age and BMI categories were 3.4, 4.5 and 5.8 times more likely to undergo KR, respectively. Class 3 obese patients underwent KR 7 years younger, on average, than normal weight individuals.ConclusionObesity is associated with an increased risk of undergoing KR, and at a younger age, particularly for females. There is an urgent need for a societal level approach to address the prevalence of obesity, to reduce the burden of obesity related KR.
Great Minds Think Alike? Spatial Search Processes Can Be More Idiosyncratic When Guided by More Accurate Information
Authors: Król Michal , Król Magdalena E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExisting research demonstrates that pre‐decisional information sampling strategies are often stable within a given person while varying greatly across people. However, it remains largely unknown what drives these individual differences, that is, why in some circumstances we collect information more idiosyncratically. In this brief report, we present a pre‐registered online study of spatial search. Using a novel technique that combines machine‐learning dimension reduction and sequence alignment algorithms, we quantify the extent to which the shape and temporal properties of a search trajectory are idiosyncratic. We show that this metric increases (trajectories become more idiosyncratic) when a person is better informed about the likely location of the search target, while poorly informed individuals seem more likely to resort to default search routines determined bottom‐up by the properties of the search field. This shows that when many people independently attempt to solve a task in a similar way, they are not necessarily “onto something.”
Threatened songbird Liocichla omeiensis impacted by climate‐induced outbreak of the moth Pantana phyllostachysae: An example of the impact of climate change through multi‐species interactions
Authors: Fu Yiqiang , Xu Yuanyuan , Wang Shufang , Dowell Simon D. , Zhang Zhengwang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, we reported a case of insect‐plant‐bird interactions under climate warming. With a succession of warmer winters from 2013 to 2015, successive outbreaks of the moth Pantana phyllostachysae, a common defoliator for most bamboo species, occurred in the Wawushan Nature Reserve of Southwest China, leading to a rapid altitudinal range expansion from 1650 to 2050 m in P. phyllostachysae. The bamboo Chimonobambusa szechuanensis that is largely distributed at moderate altitudes consequently suffered much loss. Accumulated infested area of C. szechuanensis within the reserve during the 3 years covered ~90% of the suitable breeding habitats of Emei Shan Liocichla Liocichla omeiensis, a threatened songbird preferring to nest in the bamboo, which led to diversified nesting‐plant selection and a significant reduction in nesting success of the babbler. Our findings provide new evidence of the plasticity of avian breeding behavior, and of the impact of climate change on ecological communities through multi‐species interactions. The study has important conservation implications.
Psyllid honeydew as a Bombus food source in the boreal landscape
Authors: Percy Diana M. , Cronk Quentin C. B. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Bumblebees are opportunistic resource consumers and have been known to visit extrafloral nectaries and harvest aphid and scale honeydew. We report the first observation of bumblebees foraging psyllid honeydew in a tritrophic system in the boreal forest of Yukon Territory, Canada.
In this system, a willow (Salix alaxensis) develops bizarrely enlarged petiole bases which act as nursery cavities for large numbers of psyllid immatures of Cacopsylla macleani (Homoptera: Psyllidae), with later instars dispersing over the underside of the leaf.
These immatures produced abundant honeydew which was vigorously and persistently foraged by several bumblebees of multiple species (we identified Bombus vancouverensis, Bombus melanopygus and Bombus mckayi). Ants and vespid wasps were also present but in lower numbers.
Salix alaxensis and Salix‐feeding psyllids are common throughout arctic and boreal regions, so honeydew production is potentially a supplementary food source for Bombus when floral nectar flows are limited due to low temperatures or drought.
Collapse and recovery of seafood wholesale prices in time of COVID‐19
Authors: Amos Holly , Giron‐Nava Alfredo , Nguyen Tu , Cisneros‐Montemayor Andrés M. , Colléter Mathieu , González‐Espinosa Pedro C. , Swartz Wilf 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has spread around the world, disrupting economies, societies and daily life. Early research anticipated significant negative impacts for the globalized seafood supply network. Here, we explore the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on wholesale prices from five major seafood markets around the world. An anomalies analysis was used to establish a 5‐year baseline price for each commodity. Daily price data from 2020 were compared to the baseline to identify collapses (>1.96 SE from baseline) and analyse collapse characteristics (timing, duration and magnitude). Non‐uniform price collapses were observed across, and within, the markets analysed. Toyosu (Tokyo) Market experienced price collapses to 51% of commodities, Rungis (Paris) 36%, Mercamadrid (Madrid) 19%, Mercado La Nueva Viga (Mexico City) 35% and the Portland Fish Exchange (Portland, Maine) 32%. Collapse magnitude varied from 11% to 79% of the 5‐year average price. Average collapse duration ranged from 13 to 24 weeks with some commodities (4%–22%) remaining collapsed at the end of 2020. For markets where volume data were available, collapses were also noted (59% of commodities in Toyosu, 10% in Mercamadrid and 19% in Portland Fish Exchange); in these cases, the volume collapse was more severe than the related price collapse. To better detect, anticipate and respond to future shocks, we recommend that relevant government agencies conduct comprehensive economic reviews of the COVID‐19 pandemic throughout the seafood supply chain, including the outcomes of emergency measures, short‐ and long‐term implications of market volatility and identify areas of supply and labour vulnerabilities.
Delivery of supported self‐management in remote asthma reviews: A systematic rapid realist review
Authors: Kinley Emma , Skene Imogen , Steed Elizabeth , Pinnock Hilary , McClatchey Kirstie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic forced health care systems globally to adapt quickly to remote modes of health care delivery, including for routine asthma reviews. A core component of asthma care is supporting self‐management, a guideline‐recommended intervention that reduces the risk of acute attacks, and improves asthma control and quality of life.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore context and mechanisms for the outcomes of clinical effectiveness, acceptability and safety of supported self‐management delivery within remote asthma consultations.DesignThe review followed standard methodology for rapid realist reviews. An External Reference Group (ERG) provided expert advice and guidance throughout the study. We systematically searched four electronic databases and, with ERG advice, selected 18 papers that explored self‐management delivery during routine asthma reviews.Setting, Participants and InterventionHealth care professional delivery of supported self‐management for asthma patients during remote (specifically including telephone and video) consultations.Main Outcome MeasuresData were extracted using Context‐Mechanism‐Outcome (C‐M‐O) configurations and synthesised into overarching themes using the PRISMS taxonomy of supported self‐management as a framework to structure the findings.ResultsThe review findings identified how support for self‐management delivered remotely was acceptable (often more acceptable than in‐person consultations), and was a safe and effective alternative to face‐to‐face reviews. In addition, remote delivery of supported self‐management was associated with; increased patient convenience, improved access to and attendance at remote reviews, and offered continuity of care.DiscussionRemote delivery of supported self‐management for asthma was generally found to be clinically effective, acceptable, and safe with the added advantage of increasing accessibility. Remote reviews could provide the core content of an asthma review, including remote completion of asthma action plans.ConclusionOur findings support the option of remote delivery of routine asthma care for those who have this preference, and offer healthcare professionals guidance on embedding supported self‐management into remote asthma reviews.Patient and Public ContributionPatient and public contribution was provided by a representative of the Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research (AUKCAR) patient and public involvement (PPI) group. The PPI representative reviewed the findings, and feedback and comments were considered. This lead to further interpretations of the data which were included in the final manuscript.
A codevelopment process to advance methods for the use of patient‐reported outcome measures and patient‐reported experience measures with people who are homeless and experience chronic illness
Authors: Donald Erin E. , Whitlock Kara , Dansereau Tracy , Sands Daniel J. , Small David , Stajduhar Kelli I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionPeople who experience social disadvantage including homelessness suffer from numerous ill health effects when compared to the general public. Use of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient‐reported experience measures (PREMs) enables collection of information from the point of view of the person receiving care. Involvement in research and health care decision‐making, a process that can be facilitated by the use of PROMs and PREMs, is one way to promote equity in care.MethodsThis article reports on a codevelopment and consultation study investigating the use of PROMs and PREMs with people who experience homelessness and chronic illness. Data were analysed according to interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsCommittee members with lived experience identified three themes for the role of PROMs and PREMs in health care measurement: trust and relationship‐building; health and quality of life; and equity, alongside specific recommendations for the design and administration of PROMs and PREMs. The codevelopment process is reported to demonstrate the meaningful investment in time, infrastructure and relationship‐building required for successful partnership between researchers and people with lived experience of homelessness.ConclusionPROMs and PREMs can be meaningful measurement tools for people who experience social disadvantage, but can be alienating or reproduce inequity if they fail to capture complexity or rely on hidden assumptions of key concepts.Patient or Public ContributionThis study was conducted in active partnership between researchers and people with experience of homelessness and chronic illness, including priority setting for study design, data construction, analysis and coauthorship on this article.
Should We Condition on the Number of Points When Modelling Spatial Point Patterns?
Authors: Møller Jesper , Vihrs Ninna 
Published: April 2022

SummaryWe discuss the practice of directly or indirectly assuming a model for the number of points when modelling spatial point patterns even though it is rarely possible to validate such a model in practice because most point pattern data consist of only one pattern. We therefore explore the possibility to condition on the number of points instead when fitting and validating spatial point process models. In a simulation study with different popular spatial point process models, we consider model validation using global envelope tests based on functional summary statistics. We find that conditioning on the number of points will for some functional summary statistics lead to more narrow envelopes and thus stronger tests and that it can also be useful for correcting for some conservativeness in the tests when testing composite hypothesis. However, for other functional summary statistics, it makes little or no difference to condition on the number of points. When estimating parameters in popular spatial point process models, we conclude that for mathematical and computational reasons, it is convenient to assume a distribution for the number of points.