Tantangan dan Peluang Pembelajaran Biologi di Masa Pasca Pandemi Covid-19: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis dan Sintesis Tematik
Authors: Maghfiroh Hidayati , Zubaidah Siti , Mahanal Susriyati , Susanto Hendra 
Published: September 2022

Pandemi-COVID-19 telah membawa perubahan yang signifikan dalam pembelajaran Biologi, terutama dengan dominansi pembelajaran online berbasis digital. Namun, pelaksanaan pembelajaran Biologi secara online cenderung dilaksanakan dengan tergesa-gesa. Akibatnya, pembelajaran direncanakan dengan kurang maksimal sehingga berdampak pada penerapan pembelajaran Biologi digital yang berpusat pada guru. Dengan demikian, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: 1) mengeksplorasi peluang pembelajaran Biologi berbasis digital yang berpusat pada siswa di masa pascaCOVID-19, dan 2) menguraikan tantangan pembelajaran Biologi berbasis digital. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan secara sistematis dengan mengikuti prosedur systematic literature review(SLR) untuk melacak artikel yang relevan. Prosedur SLR dilakukan dengan bantuan software Publish or Perish dan Mendeley. Kemudian, artikel relevan yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan teknik thematic synthesis menggunakan NVivo 12 software. Hasil dari proses SLR diperoleh 46 artikel yang relevan untuk dianalisis. Berdasarkan analisis thematic synthesis diperoleh beberapa tema yang menggambarkan peluang dan tantangan pembelajaran Biologi digital yang berpusat pada siswa. Berdasarkan tujuan pertama, diperoleh tiga tema analitis, antara lain: 1) virtual learning environments, 2) blended learning approach, dan 3) innovative blended learning approach. Berdasarkan tujuan kedua, diperoleh dua tema analitis, yaitu: 1) inadequately motivation of learning, dan 2) inequality digital technology. Pembelajaran Biologi berbasis digital di masa pasca COVID-19 berpeluang memanfaatkan berbagai platform digital dengan mengintegrasikan lingkungan belajar online dan offline. Peluang pembelajaran yang didominasi platform digital menimbulkan tantangan, sehingga persiapan yang maksimal dibutuhkan dalam merancang pembelajaran Biologi digital. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan dan membantu dalam merancang pembelajaran Biologi digital yang relevan dan berpusat bagi siswa di pasca COVID-19.The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes in biology learning, especially digital-based learning. However, Biology learning that is carried out in a hurry causes less learning planning, so it has an impact on teacher-centred digital learning. Thus, the objectives of this study are to 1) explore the opportunities for learner-centred digital-based Biology learning in the post-COVID-19 era and 2) outline the challenges of digital-based Biology learning. This research method systematically follows a systematic literature review (SLR) procedure to track relevant articles. The SLR procedure was carried out with the help of Publish or Perish and Mendeley software. Then, the relevant articles obtained were analyzed by thematic synthesis technique using NVivo 12 software. The results obtained from the SLR procedure are 46 articles. Furthermore, based on the thematic synthesis analysis, several themes were obtained that describe the opportunities and challenges of digital-based Biology learning. Based on the first objective, three analytical themes were obtained, including 1) virtual learning environments, 2) blended learning approaches, and 3) innovative blended learning approaches. Then, based on the second objective, two analytical themes were obtained: 1) inadequacy of motivation for learning and 2) the inequality of digital technology. Digital-based Biology learning in the post-COVID-19 era has the opportunity to integrate online and offline learning by utilizing digital platforms. Learning opportunities that are dominated by digital platforms pose challenges. This research is expected to provide insight and assist in designing digital-based Biology learning relevant and centred for students in the post-COVID-19 era.