bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing parents' self‐efficacy beliefs before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Greece
Authors: Vatou Anastasia 
Published: September 2022

The aim of the present study is to establish the psychometric properties of the Self‐Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index‐Toddler Scale (SEPTI‐TS) in the Greek educational context and to examine changes in parenting self‐efficacy over time. The Short Form of SEPTI‐TS was used to evaluate parents' self‐efficacy on four different domains: nurturance, discipline, play and routine. A sample of 159 parents of children aged from 3 to 5 years completed an online survey at two time periods before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Results supported the proposed SEPTI‐TS dimensionality (comparative fit index = .905, root‐mean‐square error of approximation = .053, standardised root mean square residual = .055). The results showed that the average parenting self‐efficacy scores regarding discipline, play and routine were lower than parenting self‐efficacy scores of those domains before the COVID‐19 pandemic. Results also indicated that parents feel high self‐efficacy for play with their children, whereas they perceive low self‐efficacy for children's discipline. Good practices are discussed to address new challenges to Greek parents.
Contralateral necrotizing fascitis after left nephrectomy for emphysematous pyelonephritis
Authors: Fuentes Alberto , Rojas Pablo A , del Valle Felipe , Ortega Carlidia , Bravo Juan Cristobal , Kompatzki Álvaro 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionEmphysematous pyelonephritis is an acute necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma. The management is variable, extending to total nephrectomy in severe or refractory cases. Post‐nephrectomy complications are numerous and common, necrotizing fasciitis, and sepsis being among them.Case presentationWe present a case of a 37‐year‐old woman with obesity and a previous left emphysematous pyelonephritis episode managed conservatively. The patient presented with a second left emphysematous pyelonephritis and underwent a left total nephrectomy. Two weeks later, the patient presented with a contralateral necrotizing fasciitis of the abdominal wall. Subsequently, the patient required several surgical debridement procedures and a vacuum‐assisted closure system treatment.ConclusionEmphysematous pyelonephritis is an aggressive infectious disease that requires high suspicion in patients at risk.
Grading cartilage damage with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: Optical markers and mechanical properties
Authors: Rovnyagina Nataliya R. , Budylin Gleb S. , Dyakonov Pavel V. , Efremov Yuri M. , Lipina Marina M. , Goncharuk Yuliya R. , Murdalov Emirkhan E. , Pogosyan David A. , Davydov Denis A. , Korneev Alexander A. , Serejnikova Natalia B. , Mikaelyan Karen A. , Evlashin Stanislav A. , Lazarev Vladimir A. , Lychagin Alexey V. , Timashev Peter S. , Shirshin Evgeny A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint diseases worldwide. Unfortunately, clinical methods lack the ability to detect OA in the early stages. Timely detection of the knee joint degradation at the level of tissue changes can prevent its progressive damage. Here, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) in the NIR range was used to obtain optical markers of the cartilage damage grades and to assess its mechanical properties. It was observed that the water content obtained by DRS strongly correlates with the cartilage thickness (R = .82) and viscoelastic relaxation time (R = .7). Moreover, the spectral parameters, including water content (OH‐band), protein content (CH‐band), and scattering parameters allowed for discrimination between the cartilage damage grades (10−4 < P ≤ 10−3). The developed approach may become a valuable addition to arthroscopy, helping to identify lesions at the microscopic level in the early stages of OA and complement the surgical analysis.
Diabetes Mellitus and the Benefit of Antiresorptive Therapy on Fracture Risk
Authors: Eastell Richard , Vittinghoff Eric , Lui Li-Yung , Ewing Susan K. , Schwartz Ann V. , Bauer Douglas C. , Black Dennis M. , Bouxsein Mary L. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased risk of fractures. However, it is unclear whether current osteoporosis treatments reduce fractures in individuals with diabetes. The aim of the study was to determine whether presence of T2D influences the efficacy of antiresorptive treatment for osteoporosis using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH)–American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR)–Study to Advance Bone Mineral Density (BMD) as a Regulatory Endpoint (SABRE) cohort, which includes individual patient data from randomized trials of osteoporosis therapies. In this study we included 96,385 subjects, 6.8% of whom had T2D, from nine bisphosphonate trials, two selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) trials, two trials of menopausal hormone therapy, one denosumab trial, and one odanacatib trial. We used Cox regression to obtain the treatment hazard ratio (HR) for incident nonvertebral, hip, and all fractures and logistic regression to obtain the treatment odds ratio (OR) for incident morphometric vertebral fractures, separately for T2D and non-DM. We used linear regression to estimate the effect of treatment on 2-year change in BMD (n = 49,099) and 3-month to 12-month change in bone turnover markers (n = 12,701) by diabetes status. In all analyses, we assessed the interaction between treatment and diabetes status. In pooled analyses of all 15 trials, we found that diabetes did not impact treatment efficacy, with similar reductions in vertebral, nonvertebral, all, and hip fractures, increases in total hip and femoral neck BMD, and reductions in serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide (CTX), urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen/creatinine (NTX/Cr) and procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP) (all interactions p &gt; 0.05). We found similar results for the pooled analysis of bisphosphonate trials. However, when we considered trials individually, we found a few interactions within individual studies between diabetes status and the effects of denosumab and odanacatib on fracture risk, change in BMD or bone turnover markers (BTMs). In sum, these results provide strong evidence that bisphosphonates and most licensed antiresorptive drugs are effective at reducing fracture risk and increasing BMD irrespective of diabetes status. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
No one is born with it: Australasian dental students’ perceptions of learning manual dexterity
Authors: Sim May Yee , Tan Li Feng , Adam Lee , Loch Carolina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDentistry requires high manual dexterity, and few studies have investigated the challenges and impact on dental students of attaining manual dexterity skills. This study aimed to investigate dental students’ perceptions of manual dexterity, including their awareness of manual dexterity requirements in dentistry, self‐perceptions of manual dexterity competency, and whether manual dexterity should be part of admission to dentistry training. A link to a 12‐item online Qualtrics survey was sent out to students in either their 2nd or 5th year of the Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) degree at the University of Otago, New Zealand. The anonymous survey collected basic demographic data and included closed and open‐ended questions about manual dexterity. Descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative variables and a general inductive approach was used to analyze free‐text responses. Those were later grouped into a theoretical domain framework. The overall response rate was 53%. All participants acknowledged the importance of manual dexterity in dentistry. Most participants thought that manual dexterity can be improved with practice and that including a manual dexterity test in the admission criteria may cause unnecessary stress for students. Striving to achieve manual dexterity impacted participants’ performance in the BDS course. However, most participants viewed it as a challenge that can be overcome with practice and improvement, and that current BDS admission requirements are sufficient.
Analysis on the changes of fertilization intensity and efficiency in China's grain production from 1980 to 2019
Authors: Liu Qinpu , Wu Ta Yeong , Tu Wei , Pu Lijie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDRelieving serious non‐point source pollution of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) is an urgent task in China. It is necessary to explore the changing characteristics of chemical fertilization intensity (FI) and efficiency to provide references. A new method of ‘relative productivity proportion weight’, which was simpler than data envelope analysis, was proposed to construct models of fertilizer allocation efficiency (FAE) and chemical fertilizer integrated efficiency (FIE) by considering NPK multi‐inputs and the grain output scale, respectively.RESULTSDuring 1980–2014, the FIs of NPK chemical fertilizers in China showed a significant growing trend. After reaching the highest value of 339 kg ha−1 in 2014, FIs were reduced to 303 kg ha−1 in 2019, higher than the 225 kg ha−1 maximum safe usage internationally recognized. Meanwhile, the pattern of change of FAE was one of ‘decreasing to increasing’, with values of 1 in 1980, 0.66 in 2003, and 0.80 in 2019. FIE basically showed an increasing trend, which could be divided into three stages: the first stage of low efficiency during 1980–2009, the second stage of medium efficiency after 2010, and the third stage of high efficiency after 2018.CONCLUSIONFrom 1980 until 2019, a reduction of FAE from 1 to 0.80 with an average of 0.75 was observed in China. FIE was found between 0.65 and 0.85 and had the potential of upgrading by 15–35%. Therefore, China needs to improve the fertilizer use efficiency in order to strive for negative growth of chemical fertilizer intensity and ecological agriculture construction. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
A meta‐analysis on the impacts of different oxidation methods on the surface area properties of biochar
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad , Konvalina Petr , Kopecký Marek , Kolář Ladislav 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBiochar has a beneficial impact on agricultural prosperity, according to numerous studies, and the key dispute presently is how to maximize that impact. Biochar oxidation is well‐known as one of the accepted methods for increasing biochar efficiency. However, due to contradictory data presented in studies and because biochar is derived from diverse oxidation procedures, as well as, the lack of an analytical comparison between different methods, oxidation data sets require a thorough assessment that can be covered by meta‐analysis. In this study, the effects of the five most common oxidation methods in the literature, namely oxidation by acids, alkaline, metal oxides, physical, and natural oxidation, on the cation exchange capacity (CEC), micro‐pores (MP), specific surface area (SSA), and oxygen‐content functional groups (OFGs) of biochar, were meta‐analyzed. When pyrolysis conditions varied, the efficiency of various operations was also addressed. The most efficient method was acidic oxidation, which increased CEC, SSA, MP, and OFGs by 46%, 43%, 55%, and 72%, respectively. Additionally, increasing the pyrolysis temperature above 550°C is critical for lowering OFGs, which has an impact on biochar sorption characteristics. According to the findings, biochar oxidation (post‐pyrolysis) is important since it creates more oxide ions on the surface area than feedstock oxidation (pre‐pyrolysis). Due to their high inorganic nutrient content, crop residues such as rice husk, maize stalk, and rapeseed stem, which were classed in the intermediate group in this study, are promising feedstocks for synthesizing biochars with high SSA, MP, and CEC. Overall, when compared to other approaches, the acidic process significantly improves the surface properties of biochar.
Understanding how nutrient limitation and plant traits influence carbon in mangrove‐seagrass coastal ecosystems
Authors: Kammann Sandra , Hortua Daniel Arturo Saavedra , Kominoski John S. , Fett Theresa‐Marie , Gillis Lucy Gwen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMangrove forests and seagrass meadows provide critical ecosystem services, including the accumulation of “blue carbon.” Plants' functional traits could influence this blue carbon accumulation. To test for interactions among functional traits and blue carbon accumulation, we conducted a study in connected mangrove‐seagrass coastal ecosystems in southeast Florida (USA). We quantified how plants' above‐ground traits correlated with sediment nutrient content, and how changes in traits along inland‐to‐coastal gradients influenced inorganic and organic carbon storage potential. Physical traits of Thalassia testudinum were higher at sites with higher sediment phosphorus (SP) and nitrogen (SN) concentrations. Sediment organic carbon concentrations were positively correlated to T. testudinum physical traits. Root density, pneumatophore abundance, specific leaf area, leaf toughness, leaf nitrogen, and phosphorus content were positively correlated with SN concentrations in the mangrove forest coastal fringe. Mangrove leaf thickness and root complexity index were negatively correlated with SP concentrations in the coastal fringe. Our results also indicate that seagrass above‐ground traits and blue carbon were strongly correlated in areas with higher sediment nutrient concentrations. Moreover, mangrove root complexity is coupled with phosphorus limitation, whereby highly complex root systems develop with decreasing phosphorus concentrations. Distinct functional traits of plants drive variation in carbon retention capacity even in interconnected ecosystems.
Sulfated Galactans fromGracilaria fisheriwith Supplementation of Octanoyl Promote Wound Healing Activity In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Rudtanatip Tawut , Somintara Somsuda , Sakaew Waraporn , El‐Abid Jamal , Cano Maria Emilia , Jongsomchai Kamonwan , Wongprasert Kanokpan , Kovensky José 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSulfated galactans (SG) isolated fromGracilaria fisheriis partially degraded (DSG), and subsequentially supplemented with octanoyl (DSGO) and sulfate (DSGS) groups. The molecular weights of DSG, DSGO, and DSGS are 7.87, 152.79, and 97.07 kDa, respectively. The modification is confirmed using FTIR and NMR, while in vitro wound healing activity is assessed using scratched wound fibroblasts. The results reveal that DSGO exhibits highest percentage of wound closure in scratched fibroblast L929 cells. Furthermore, DSGO is able to promote proliferation and accelerate migration of scratched fibroblasts, which correspond to the regulation of proteins and mRNA (Ki67, p‐FAK, vimentin, and E‐cadherin) determined by Western blotting and qPCR analysis. The superior wound healing activity of DSGO is also confirmed in excision wound of rats. The results demonstrate that DSGO significantly enhances the percentage of wound closure, re‐epithelialization, and collagen arrangement, increasesα‐smoth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and vimentin expression, and decreases that of tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) at the wound site. The results suggest that degraded SG supplemented with medium‐chain fatty acids of octanoyl group may pass through the membrane, subsequently activating the mediators associated with proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, which can potentially lead to the promotion of wound healing activity.
Influence of copper and aluminum substitution on high‐temperature oxidation of the FeCoCrNiMn “Cantor” alloy
Authors: Bürckner Mary‐Lee , Mengis Lukas , White Emma M. H. , Galetz Mathias C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, the oxidation behavior of FeCoCrNiMn (HEA + Mn) is compared to three modified HEAs manufactured by substituting Mn with Al, Cu, or Al + Cu. Oxidation tests were conducted between 600°C and 800°C for up to 500 h in synthetic air. Substitution of Mn leads to a significant improvement in the oxidation resistance for the three modified HEAs. For FeCoCrNiCu (HEA + Cu), a local attack of a Cu‐rich phase was observed, leading to the formation of CuO blisters on the surface. The FeCoCrNiAl (HEA + Al) alloy was characterized by the formation of a thin Al2O3 surface layer for all temperatures. However, for the HEA + Al alloy the formation of AlN was observed after 300 h at 800°C, leading to a partial breakdown of the protective scale. FeCoCrNiCuAl (HEA + Cu + Al) by far showed the best oxidation resistance, characterized by the formation of a highly protective Al2O3 scale that effectively inhibited nitrogen penetration into the metal subsurface and local attack of the Cu‐rich phase.
Enhancement on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Insulating Paper Cellulose Modified by Silane Coupling Agent Grafted hBN
Authors: Peng Xiao , Qin Jinshan , Huang Dong , Zeng Zhenglin , Tang Chao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe performance of insulating paper cellulose is an important factor affecting the normal operation of electric power equipment. This paper uses molecular dynamics methods to establish pure cellulose, hBN‐modified cellulose, 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), 3‐glyoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560), and 3‐methylpropoxypropyltris (KH570) grafted with hBN modified cellulose models. The effect of cohesive energy density (CED), thermal conductivity (TC), mean square displacement (MSD), free volume, glass transition temperature (Tg), and mechanical properties on the thermomechanical properties of cellulose are investigated and compared. The results indicate that all three silane coupling agents can enhance TC, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the cellulose models. Among them, KH550 is the best grafting method for hBN/cellulose system as KH550 graft not only significantly enhances TC by 114.29% and Tg by 23.88% but also significantly strengthens the toughness and resistance to deformation of cellulose by over 50%.
People at a persistent pain service can walk it, but some struggle to talk about it: Reliability, detectable difference and clinically important difference of the six‐minute walk test
Authors: Murdoch Megan , Window Peter , Morton Caroline , O’Donohue Riley , Ballard Emma , Claus Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe six‐minute walk test (6MWT) is a commonly used measure of functional capacity. This study is the first to investigate the test‐retest reliability, minimal detectable difference (MDD) and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for people attending a persistent pain service. Relationships between change in 6MWT performance and change in self‐reported physical, functional and psychological outcome measures were also explored.MethodsA cross‐sectional repeated measures design was used with people having >9 months of pain attending an 8‐week outpatient persistent pain programme. For reliability and MDD, 27 people were recruited, for MCID calculations, 32 people were recruited. The MCID was examined by dichotomising people into “improvers”, or “non‐improvers” based upon the Global Rating of Change (GRC) in physical abilities score.ResultsThe mean (SD) 6MWT distance was 389.4 (93.6) m at programme start, and 427.8 (83.0) m at week eight completion. The test‐retest reliability was good (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.89) and the MDD = 86.1 m. As there was no relationship between change in 6MWT distance and GRC physical abilities at week eight (r = 0.132, p = 0.472) the MCID could not be calculated. Furthermore, no relationships were found between change in 6MWT distance and other self‐reported measures. Changes in GRC physical abilities and 6MWT were frequently discordant, with increased 6MWT for 7/11 “GRC non‐improvers” and decreased 6MWT for 7/21 “GRC improvers”.ConclusionsAmongst this cohort, change in physical ability may or may not be reflected by self‐reported change. Objective tests of physical ability are recommended for people attending pain services, and validated tests should align with intervention aims.
Outcomes and challenges of successful clinical nurse specialist role implementation: Participatory action research
Authors: Jokiniemi Krista , Kärkkäinen Anne , Korhonen Kristiina , Pekkarinen Tuomo , Pietilä Anna‐Maija 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo describe the clinical nurse specialist role and its outcomes and challenges.DesignParticipatory Action Research conducted in Finland between the fall of 2017 and the end of 2018.MethodsA core participatory action research team (n = 10) led the design, implementation and evaluation of the research. Multiple data collection methods were used. The study is reported using the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research (EQUATOR) guidelines for participatory action research.ResultsThe clinical nurse specialist used most of the time in clinical patient care followed by clinical nursing leadership and scholarship activities. Outcomes of successful implementation led to increased visibility of nursing expertise, development, integration and quality assurance of nursing processes and practice, and promotion of knowledge translation and unit and collaborator cooperation. Furthermore, role challenges were also recognized.
Development of nanohybrid dental composite containing mesoporous carrier silica particles: Synthesis particles, determination of fluoride adsorption capacities, and addition of the composite
Authors: Yeşil Acar Zerin , Tunç Koçyiğit Merve , Asiltürk Meltem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMesoporous, nanometric silica particles that can serve both as carrier and filler for fluoride were synthesized, and their release properties were later investigated. The flexural and compressive strengths performances of organic matrix and composite materials were evaluated using the tests defined in BS EN ISO 4049. From the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller results of the synthesized mesoporous silica particles, mesoporous SiO2 particles‐6 (MSP‐6) was preferred because it fits the MSP‐6 Type V isotherm model and has a highly mesoporous structure. The saturation points of MSP‐6 and R709 silica particles in terms of fluoride were determined as 180 min for MSP‐6 and 120 min for R709, respectively. The strength of composites prepared after the treatment of surface‐modified R709 silica particles with fluoride solution decreased, an increase was observed in the composites prepared after MSP‐6 particles were treated with fluoride solution. The porous silica particles caused a slight increase in the compressive strength of the composites. The standard deviations of the compression values of the fluorine‐containing composites F/R709 and F/MSP‐6 are quite low. The microhardness values of R709, F/R709, MSP6 and F/MSP6 samples were determined as 82.1 ± 8.59, 247.67 ± 12.32, 131.03 ± 10.98, and 218.8 ± 11.24, respectively. Especially considering the effect of chewing force the surface hardness of the composite is also directly related to the compressive strength. The increase in the compressive strength of the samples treated with fluoride confirms this result. A high rate of mesoporous structure silica particles was synthesized and could serve both as a carrier for fluoride and as a filler required by the material.