bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigation of metabolic disturbances, including urinary stone disease, hypothyroidism, and osteoporosis in basal cell nevus syndrome
Authors: Schlaht Karl M. , Sas David J. , Davis Dawn Marie R. , Hand Jennifer L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesBasal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) is an autosomal dominant skin cancer predisposition syndrome associated with abnormal mineral metabolism, a risk factor for urinary stone disease (USD). However, no research investigating the association between BCNS and USD or other manifestations of abnormal mineral metabolism has been conducted. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between BCNS and conditions associated with disordered mineral metabolism including USD, hypothyroidism, and osteoporosis and compare them to prevalence in the general population to elucidate potential unknown manifestations of the condition.MethodsThis retrospective study examined medical records of adult and pediatric patients with confirmed BCNS from the Mayo Clinic database from 1 January 1995 to 12 January 2020. Records were surveyed for evidence of USD and other comorbidities potentially related to BCNS. The studied cohort included 100 adult patients and 5 pediatric patients.ResultsA total of 105 patients were included in this analysis, 10 of whom experienced confirmed USD, representing a prevalence of 10%. Six adult patients were identified with a diagnosis of osteoporosis, representing a prevalence of 6%. Thirteen adult patients were identified with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism, representing a prevalence of 13%.ConclusionsThis study identified a prevalence of USD in BCNS patients comparable to estimates of national prevalence, indicating that known abnormalities in mineral metabolism likely do not increase the incidence of USD in BCNS patients. Additional findings included increased prevalence of hypothyroidism and decreased prevalence of osteoporosis in the BCNS cohort compared to national averages.
Implications for quantifying early life growth trajectories of term‐born infants using INTERGROWTH‐21st newborn size standards at birth in conjunction with World Health Organization child growth standards in the postnatal period
Authors: Perumal Nandita , Ohuma Eric O. , Prentice Andrew M. , Shah Prakesh S. , Al Mahmud Abdullah , Moore Sophie E. , Roth Daniel E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe INTERGROWTH‐21st sex and gestational age (GA) specific newborn size standards (IG‐NS) are intended to complement the World Health Organization Child Growth Standards (WHO‐GS), which are not GA‐specific. We examined the implications of using IG‐NS at birth and WHO‐GS at postnatal ages in longitudinal epidemiologic studies.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to quantify the extent to which standardised measures of newborn size and growth are affected when using WHO‐GS versus IG‐NS at birth among term‐born infants.MethodsData from two prenatal trials in Bangladesh (n = 755) and The Gambia (n = 522) were used to estimate and compare size at birth and growth from birth to 3 months when using WHO‐GS only (‘WHO‐GS’) versus IG‐NS at birth and WHO‐GS postnatally (‘IG‐NS’). Mean length‐for‐age (LAZ), weight‐for‐age (WAZ) and head circumference‐for‐age (HCAZ), and the prevalence of undernutrition (stunting: LAZ < −2SD; underweight: WAZ < −2SD; and microcephaly: HCAZ < −2SD) were estimated overall and by GA strata [early‐term (370/7–386/7), full‐term (390/7–406/7) and late‐term (410/7–430/7)]. We used Bland–Altman plots to compare continuous indices and Kappa statistic to compare categorical indicators.ResultsAt birth, mean LAZ, WAZ and HCAZ, and the prevalence of undernutrition were most similar among newborns between 39 and 40 weeks of GA when using WHO‐GS versus IG‐NS. However, anthropometric indices were systematically lower among early‐term infants and higher among late‐term infants when using WHO‐GS versus IG‐NS. Early‐term and late‐term infants demonstrated relatively faster and slower growth, respectively, when using WHO‐GS versus IG‐NS, with the direction and magnitude of differences varying between anthropometric indices. Individual‐level differences in attained size and growth, when using WHO‐GS versus IG‐NS, were greater than 0.2 SD in magnitude for >60% of infants across all anthropometric indices.ConclusionsUsing IG‐NS at birth with WHO‐GS postnatally is acceptable for full‐term infants but may give a misleading interpretation of growth trajectories among early‐ and late‐term infants.
Endometriosis diagnosis, staging and typology and adverse pregnancy outcome history
Authors: Schliep Karen C. , Farland Leslie V. , Pollack Anna Z. , Buck Louis Germaine , Stanford Joseph B. , Allen‐Brady Kristina , Varner Michael W. , Kah Kebba , Peterson C. Matthew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWomen with endometriosis may have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Research has focused on infertility clinic populations limiting generalisability. Few studies report differences by endometriosis severity.ObjectivesWe investigated the relationships between endometriosis diagnosis, staging and typology and pregnancy outcomes among an operative and population‐based sample of women.MethodsMenstruating women ages 18–44 years enrolled in the ENDO Study (2007–2009), including the operative cohort: 316 gravid women undergoing laparoscopy/laparotomy at surgical centres in Utah and California; and the population cohort: 76 gravid women from the surgical centres' geographic catchment areas. Pregnancy outcomes were ascertained by questionnaire and included all pregnancies prior to study enrolment. Endometriosis was diagnosed via surgical visualisation in the operative cohort and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging in the population cohort. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using generalised linear mixed models for pregnancy outcomes, adjusting for women’s age at study enrolment and at pregnancy, surgical site, body mass index and lifestyle factors.ResultsWomen in the operative cohort with visualised endometriosis (n = 109, 34%) had a lower prevalence of live births, aPR 0.94 (95% CI 0.85, 1.03) and a higher prevalence of miscarriages, aPR 1.48 (95% CI 1.23, 1.77) compared with women without endometriosis. The direction and magnitude of estimates were similar in the population cohort. Women with deep endometriosis were 2.98‐fold more likely (95% CI 1.12, 7.95) to report a miscarriage compared with women without endometriosis after adjusting for women’s age at study enrolment and at pregnancy, surgical site and body mass index. No differences were seen between endometriosis staging and pregnancy outcomes.ConclusionsWhile there was no difference in number of pregnancies among women with and without endometriosis in a population‐based sample, pregnancy loss was more common among women with endometriosis, notably among those with deep endometriosis.
Limited evidence for enhanced working memory performance and effort allocation in the face of loss versus gain incentives: A preregistered (non) replication
Authors: Chen Christina , Long Royston , Pu Zhenghao , Massar Stijn A. A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe motivation to avoid losses is often considered a strong drive of human behavior, affecting decisions in the context of risk, temporal delay, and effort provision. However, studies measuring cognitive performance under loss and gain incentives have yielded mixed findings. In a recent study, we found evidence that losses motivated better working memory performance than gains. Since these results deviated from previous studies, we decided to perform a preregistered, high‐powered, replication, and extension study. Eighty‐six participants performed a working memory task (N‐Back) under Gain and Loss conditions. Pupillometry was recorded during task performance, and subjective effort ratings were taken after each task run. Results showed that contrary to our previous findings, losses did not enhance working memory performance, relative to gains, at any N‐Back level. Similarly, while pupil diameter was parametrically modulated by working memory load, no differences between the Gain and Loss conditions were found. Participants did believe that they were exerting more effort during Loss versus Gain conditions, regardless of N‐Back level. However, this did not translate to performance differences between Gain and Loss conditions.
Myosin V facilitates polarised E‐cadherin secretion
Authors: Tanasic Dajana , Berns Nicola , Riechmann Veit 
Published: May 2022

AbstractE‐cadherin has a fundamental role in epithelial tissues by providing cell–cell adhesion. Polarised E‐cadherin exocytosis to the lateral plasma membrane is central for cell polarity and epithelial homeostasis. Loss of E‐cadherin secretion compromises tissue integrity and is a prerequisite for metastasis. Despite this pivotal role of E‐cadherin secretion, the transport mechanism is still unknown. Here we identify Myosin V as the motor for E‐cadherin secretion. Our data reveal that Myosin V and F‐actin are required for the formation of a continuous apicolateral E‐cadherin belt, the zonula adherens. We show by live imaging how Myosin V transports E‐cadherin vesicles to the plasma membrane, and distinguish two distinct transport tracks: an apical actin network leading to the zonula adherens and parallel actin bundles leading to the basal‐most region of the lateral membrane. E‐cadherin secretion starts in endosomes, where Rab11 and Sec15 recruit Myosin V for transport to the zonula adherens. We also shed light on the endosomal sorting of E‐cadherin by showing how Rab7 and Snx16 cooperate in moving E‐cadherin into the Rab11 compartment. Thus, our data help to understand how polarised E‐cadherin secretion maintains epithelial architecture and prevents metastasis.
Comparison of intraosseous and intravenous iodinated contrast administration for CT imaging in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis)
Authors: Jania Rachel , Tully Thomas , Mitchell Mark , Granger L. Abbigail 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEstablishing and maintaining intravenous access for contrast medium during CT imaging can be difficult in birds due to their small size and thin walled vessels. Intraosseous (IO) catheters are an alternative to intravenous catheters and are often used for fluid or medication administration in birds. To determine the feasibility of IO iodinated contrast enhancement for CT in birds, 10 adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) weighing 260–325 g, were enrolled in a prospective randomized blinded crossover group study to evaluate the differences in contrast route administration. The parrots underwent pre‐ and postcontrast CT scans using both routes of contrast administration with a wash‐out period of at least 1 week between the two methods. Scans were evaluated subjectively for diagnostic quality and objectively with Hounsfield units measured over three organs: the brain, right kidney, and liver. All scans were diagnostic, and there was no statistically significant measurable difference in contrast enhancement between the two methods in any of the three organs. Subjectively, IO catheters were technically more difficult to place, but once in place, they were easier to manipulate for the imaging procedure and provided no complications upon removal. Minimal adverse side effects were noted from the IO catheters. In this small study, IO iodinated contrast administration was comparable in enhancement characteristics to intravenous administration for CT imaging in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots.
Evaluation of a customized 3D‐printed saw guide for tibial plateau leveling osteotomy: An ex vivo study
Authors: Lee Seungeon , Kang Jinsu , Kim Namsoo , Heo Suyoung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) performed with a customized 3D‐printed guide and jig is more accurate than the traditional technique using a jig alone.Study designIn vitro study.Sample populationCadaveric canine pelvic limbs (n = 10) and 20 synthetic bone models.MethodsTibial plateau leveling osteotomy using a jig with (n = 10) and without (n = 10) a customized 3D‐printed guide were performed in bone models, and TPLO using a jig with (n = 5) and without (n = 5) a customized 3D‐printed guide were performed in cadaveric limbs. Angulation of the osteotomy, angulation of the proximal jig pin, angular/torsional deformity and medial cortex damage were measured from photographs of the specimens and compared.ResultsIn the bone models, there were differences with and without the 3D guide for mean osteotomy inclination (−0.06° vs. –1.74°, P < .001), osteotomy torsion (5268 vs. 10 469 visible osteotomy pixels, P < .001), and medial cortical damage (2970 vs. 18 562 pixels, P < .001). In the cadaveric study, osteotomy inclination (−1.1° vs. 1.01°, P < .01), induced angular deformity (0.17° vs. –3.01°, P < .001) and angulation of the proximal jig pin (−0.27° vs. 0.80°, P < .001) differed between groups.ConclusionThe 3D‐printed guide during TPLO resulted in slightly more accurate osteotomies and proximal jig pin placement, and reduced medial cortex damage.Clinical significanceA customized 3D‐printed guide may improve intraoperative accuracy for TPLO, although the clinical significance of the small benefits is unknown.
Convolutional Neural Network for Skull Recognition
Authors: Samma Hussein Salem Ali , Lahasan Bader 
Published: May 2022

Automatic skull identification systems play a vital role for forensic law authorities to recognize victim identity. Motivated by potential applications of these kinds of systems, this research aims to apply a pre-trained deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for face skull recognition. Basically, the unknown skull image is fed to a pre-trained CNN network to extract a 1D feature vector, and then it will be matched with photos at database agencies to identify the closest match. To validate the proposed skull recognition system, it has been applied for a total of 13 skulls, and the reported results indicated a good was achieved. In addition, various CNN architectures were investigated, including shallow, medium, and deep CNN models. The best performance was reported from the shallow CNN model with a 92% recognition rate.
Progressive Freeze Concentration Performance Prediction based on Polynomial Curve Model for Star Fruit Juice Concentration
Authors: Sofi Muhammad Hafizuddin , Harun Noor Hafiza , Mansor Anis Haryati , Zakaria Zaki Yamani , Jusoh Mazura 
Published: May 2022

Progressive freeze concentration (PFC) is a simpler freeze concentration process of removing water content in fruit juice through ice crystal formation in order to concentrate a solution. Vertical finned crystallizer (VFC) was used in the PFC system as the ice crystallizer in this study. A mathematical model is highly needed to be developed so that theories can be validated and to understand the system developed better with minimal risk and cost. Mathematical modelling is also essential to analyze the performance of the system. In this work, the use of mathematical model was explored based on a polynomial regression in analysing and predicting the performance of PFC system. The polynomials curve fitting were first performed to develop the models followed by the simulations to predict the target variables of effective partition constant (K value) and solute recovery (Y value). The relationship of operating parameters including coolant temperature and operation time on the PFC performance values were also discovered via the correlated polynomial regression models. Based on simulations result, the highest efficiencies of PFC process were achieved at approximately - coolant temperature of 10oC and operation time of 55 minutes. To validate the models’ accuracy, the statistical assessment parameters of R-squared and Absolute Average Relative Deviation (AARD) were determined. The findings of this study conferred satisfactory results of the prediction performance of polynomial regression model, in which the least analysis error of AARD (i.e., below 10%) and the highest R-squared (i.e., above 0.97) were successfully achieved. It is concluded that polynomials-based predictive models are promising alternatives to replace time-consuming and expensive experimental evaluation of PFC process for fruit juices.
Exosome engineering for efficient and targeted drug delivery: Current status and future perspective
Authors: Malekian Farzaneh , Shamsian Alireza , Kodam Sai Priyanka , Ullah Mujib 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExosomes are membrane‐bound vesicles that are released by most cells. They carry nucleic acids, cytokines, growth factors, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. They are responsible for inter‐ and intracellular communications and their role in drug delivery is well defined. Exosomes have great potential for therapeutic applications, but the clinical use is restricted because of limitations in standardized procedures for isolation, purification, and drug delivery. Bioengineering of exosomes could be one approach to achieve standardization and reproducible isolation for clinical use. Exosomes are important transporters for targeted drug delivery because of their small size, stable structure, non‐immunogenicity, and non‐toxic nature, as well as their ability to carry a wide variety of compounds. These features of exosomes can be enhanced further by bioengineering. In this review, possible exosome bioengineering approaches, their biomedical applications, and targeted drug delivery are discussed.
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A Recent Review of Risk-Based Inspection Development to Support Service Excellence in the Oil and Gas Industry: An Artificial Intelligence Perspective
Authors: Aditiyawarman Taufik , Kaban Agus Paul Setiawan , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Inspection and Maintenance methods development have a pivotal role in preventing the uncertainty-induced risks in the oil and gas industry. A key aspect of inspection is evaluating the risk of equipment from the scheduled and monitored assessment in the dynamic system. This activity includes assessing the modification factor's probability of failure and calculating the equipment's remaining useful life (RUL). The traditional inspection model constitutes a partial solution to grouping the vast amount of real-data inspection and observations at equal intervals. This literature review aims to offer a comprehensive review concerning the benefit of machine learning in managing the risk while incorporating time-series forecasting studies and an overview of risk-based inspection methods (e.g., quantitative, semiquantitative, and qualitative). A literature review with a deductive approach is used to discuss the improvement of the clustering Gaussian mixture model to overcome the noncircular shape data that may show in the K-Means models. Machine learning classifiers such as Decision Trees, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines, K-nearest neighbors, and Random Forests were selected to provide a platform for risk assessment and give a promising prediction toward the actual condition and the severity level of equipment. This work approaches complementary tools and grows interest in embedded artificial intelligence in Risk Management systems and can be used as the basis of more robust guidance to organize complexity in handling inspection data, but further and future research is required.
Constant Torque Mechanisms: A Survey
Authors: Saerens Elias , Furnémont Raphaël , Legrand Julie , Langlois Kevin , López García Pablo , Crispel Stein , Rossini Marco , Verstraten Tom , Vanderborght Bram , Lefeber Dirk 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This work gives an overview of all types of constant torque mechanisms (CTMs) based on both function and structure. Based on their architecture, they can be divided into five distinct categories, which all have their specific behavior. It is also shown that these CTMs can be divided into two application types, namely, power assistance or torque stabilization. Constant force mechanisms (CFMs) are more prevalent in the literature; therefore, some discussion is proposed on how CFMs can be transformed into CTMs. It is also shown that some of these CTMs have a very high specific energy, which makes them potentially interesting for use as energy storage/power providers in novel fields like robotics.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Work–Life Balance of Collegiate Athletic Trainers
Authors: Jones Nicole , Rynkiewicz Kelsey M. , Singe Stephanie M. 
Published: May 2022

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic has potential ramifications on work–life balance for those working in health care. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to better understand COVID-19 on work–life balance and quality of life among collegiate athletic trainers. Method: Data for this study were generated from 636 eligible respondents (33 ± 9 years) representing Division I, II, and III (n = 360, n = 104, and n = 172, respectively) settings. Results: Four main themes emerged from consensual qualitative data analysis: mental health impact, social responsibility, work–life boundaries, and 24/7 work demands. Conclusion: The results suggest that collegiate athletic trainers are struggling to find work–life balance and must find ways to implement self-care practices.
Manipulation of transverse emittances in circular accelerators by crossing nonlinear 2D resonances
Authors: Bazzani A. , Capoani F. , Giovannozzi M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractControlling nonlinear effects in the transverse dynamics of charged particle beams in circular accelerators opens new possibilities for controlling some of the beam properties. Beam splitting by crossing a stable 1D nonlinear resonance is part of the routine operation of the CERN Proton Synchrotron. The beam undergoes trapping and transport inside stable islands created in the horizontal plane to allow multi-turn extraction toward the Super Proton Synchrotron, where the beam is used for fixed-target experiments. This process acts only on the horizontal beam emittance, inducing a reduction of its initial value. In this paper, we present a generalization of this approach, in which both transverse planes are affected by the proposed technique. We will discuss in detail how to manipulate the transverse emittances by means of a controlled crossing of a 2D nonlinear resonance. The novel technique will be presented by discussing the theoretical analysis of a Hamiltonian model, as well as simulating the performance of the proposed manipulation using a more realistic nonlinear symplectic map.
Abstract A002: Genetic and immune landscape evolution defines subtypes of MMR deficient colorectal cancer
Authors: Challoner Benjamin R. , Woolston Andrew , Lau David , Buzzetti Marta , Barber Louise J. , Lund Tom , Sansano Harold B. , von Loga Katharina , Lázare-Iglesias Héctor , Begum Ruwaida , Crux Richard , Cunningham David , Chau Ian , Starling Naureen , Ruiz-Bañobre Juan , Dhillon Tony , Gerlinger Marco 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is available in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR012) of the Conference Proceedings.
Citation Format: Benjamin R. Challoner, Andrew Woolston, David Lau, Marta Buzzetti, Louise J. Barber, Tom Lund, Harold B. Sansano, Katharina von Loga, Héctor Lázare-Iglesias, Ruwaida Begum, Richard Crux, David Cunningham, Ian Chau, Naureen Starling, Juan Ruiz-Bañobre, Tony Dhillon, Marco Gerlinger. Genetic and immune landscape evolution defines subtypes of MMR deficient colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolutionary Dynamics in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy; 2022 Mar 14-17. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A002.