bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Resolved X‐Ray Imaging Enabled by In(I) Doped Perovskite‐Like Cs3Cu2I5 Single Crystal Scintillator
Authors: Wang Qian , Zhou Quan , Nikl Martin , Xiao Jiawen , Kucerkova Romana , Beitlerova Alena , Babin Vladimir , Prusa Petr , Linhart Vladimir , Wang Jingkang , Wen Xuemin , Niu Guangda , Tang Jiang , Ren Guohao , Wu Yuntao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLow‐dimensional perovskite halides have shown a great potential as X‐ray detection materials because of efficient exciton emissions originating from strongly spatially localized charge carriers. Nonetheless, most of them have a scintillation yield far below their theoretical limits. Here, it is found that the harvesting efficiency of produced charge carriers can be significantly enhanced via a small amount of In+ doping in these highly localized structures. A bright and sensitive zero‐dimensional Cs3Cu2I5:In+ halide with efficient and tunable dual emission is reported. The radioluminescence emission of Cs3Cu2I5:In+ crystals under X‐ray excitation consists of a self‐trapped exciton emission at 460 nm and an In+‐related emission at 620 nm at room temperature. In+ doping enhances the photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQY) of Cs3Cu2I5 from 68.1% to 88.4%. Benefiting from the higher PLQY, Cs3Cu2I5:In+ can achieve an excellent X‐ray detection limit of 96.2 nGyair  s−1, and a superior scintillation yield of 53 000 photons per MeV, which is comparable to commercial CsI:Tl single crystals. As a result, a remarkable X‐ray imaging resolution of 18 line pairs mm–1 is demonstrated, which is so far a record resolution for single crystal perovskite‐based flat‐panel detectors. These results highlight the importance of efficient harvesting of carriers (and excitons) in low‐dimensional perovskites for radiation detection applications.
Molecular‐Scale Hydrophobic Modification of Ni‐Rich Cathode Materials Toward Superior Critical Endurability and Environmental Stability
Authors: Mu Yue , Ming Hai , Chen Xuefang , Zhang Wenfeng , Cao Gaoping , Xiang Yu , Qiu Jingyi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNi‐rich layered oxides have been considered one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries on account of their high reversible capacity. However, their chemical sensitivity to moisture and carbon dioxide results in the formation and growth of residual lithium compounds, leading to a deterioration in electrochemical performance and difficulty in cathode electrode preparation. In this work, a passivation coating of polydimethylsiloxane with 5 molecular layers is successfully coated on LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 particles. To examine the hydrophobicity of polydimethylsiloxane, bare and coated NCM811 are exposed to a hot and humid chamber for dozens of hours, even exposure to damp air over 120 h. The results indicate that the hydrophobic coating can inhibit the formation and growth of residual lithium compounds on the surface of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, resulting in slightly less degradation in electrochemical performance. Herein, a rapid, low‐cost, and easily employed method to generate an even hydrophobic/passivation surface is developed, which provides a generic approach to treat various electrode materials, especially nanosized and water‐sensitive ones, to improve their tolerance to extreme environments.
Multivariate Functionalization of UiO‐66 for Photocatalytic Water Remediation
Authors: Valverde Ainara , Payno David , Lezama Luis , Laza José M. , Wuttke Stefan , Fernández de Luis Roberto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe fast‐increasing interest in multivariate metal–organic frameworks (MTV‐MOFs) has burgeoned due to the possibility to create synergetic functions and achieve performance significantly better than their simple sum. In this work, the opportunities and the effects of multivariate functionalization of UiO‐66 on diverse properties important for photocatalytic water remediation: hydrolytic stability, bandgap energy, photoconduction, CrVI and CrIII adsorption capacity and kinetics, and CrVI to CrIII photoreduction efficiency, are explored. By developing a (Zr)UiO‐66‐NH2‐(OH)2‐NO2 multivariate material based on the combination of 2‐aminoterephthalate, 2,5‐dihydroxyterephthalate, and 2‐nitroterephthalate organic linkers in the same framework, a dual sorbent/photocatalyst is developed for water remediation with excellent properties: 1) enhanced adsorption efficiency of CrVI and CrIII ions, 2) improved photocatalytic conversion of CrVI to CrIII, and 3) with suitable chemical stability under acidic conditions for catalytic applications. This work represents a milestone for an emerging class of reticular materials that can synergistically use the properties of individual functionalities to solve complex problems beyond just the water remediation application discussed in this paper.
A Selective β−Catenin‐Metadherin/CEACAM1‐CCL3 Axis Mediates Metastatic Heterogeneity upon Tumor–Macrophage Interaction
Authors: To Sally K. Y. , Tang Maggie K. S. , Tong Yin , Zhang Jiangwen , Chan Karen K. L. , Ip Philip P. C. , Shi Jue , Wong Alice S. T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTumor heterogeneity plays a key role in cancer relapse and metastasis, however, the distinct cellular behaviors and kinetics of interactions among different cancer cell subclones and the tumor microenvironment are poorly understood. By profiling an isogenic model that resembles spontaneous human ovarian cancer metastasis with an highly metastatic (HM) and non‐metastatic (NM) tumor cell pair, one finds an upregulation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling uniquely in HM. Using humanized immunocompetent mice, one shows for the first time that activated β‐catenin acts nonautonomously to modulate the immune microenvironment by enhancing infiltrating tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) at the metastatic site. Single‐cell time‐lapse microscopy further reveals that upon contact with macrophages, a significant subset of HM, but not NM, becomes polyploid, a phenotype pivotal for tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance. Moreover, HM, but not NM, polarizes macrophages to a TAM phenotype. Mechanistically, β‐catenin upregulates cancer cell surface metadherin, which communicates through CEACAM1 expressed on macrophages to produce CCL3. Tumor xenografts in humanized mice and clinical patient samples both corroborate the relevance of enhanced metastasis, TAM activation, and polyploidy in vivo. The results thus suggest that targeting the β‐catenin‐metadherin/CEACAM1‐CCL3 positive feedback cascade holds great therapeutic potential to disrupt polyploidization of the cancer subclones that drive metastasis.
3D Correlative Imaging of Lithium Ion Concentration in a Vertically Oriented Electrode Microstructure with a Density Gradient
Authors: Huang Chun , Wilson Matthew D. , Suzuki Kosuke , Liotti Enzo , Connolley Thomas , Magdysyuk Oxana V. , Collins Stephen , Van Assche Frederic , Boone Matthieu N. , Veale Matthew C. , Lui Andrew , Wheater Rhian‐Mair , Leung Chu Lun Alex 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe performance of Li+ ion batteries (LIBs) is hindered by steep Li+ ion concentration gradients in the electrodes. Although thick electrodes (≥300 µm) have the potential for reducing the proportion of inactive components inside LIBs and increasing battery energy density, the Li+ ion concentration gradient problem is exacerbated. Most understanding of Li+ ion diffusion in the electrodes is based on computational modeling because of the low atomic number (Z) of Li. There are few experimental methods to visualize Li+ ion concentration distribution of the electrode within a battery of typical configurations, for example, coin cells with stainless steel casing. Here, for the first time, an interrupted in situ correlative imaging technique is developed, combining novel, full‐field X‐ray Compton scattering imaging with X‐ray computed tomography that allows 3D pixel‐by‐pixel mapping of both Li+ stoichiometry and electrode microstructure of a LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathode to correlate the chemical and physical properties of the electrode inside a working coin cell battery. An electrode microstructure containing vertically oriented pore arrays and a density gradient is fabricated. It is shown how the designed electrode microstructure improves Li+ ion diffusivity, homogenizes Li+ ion concentration through the ultra‐thick electrode (1 mm), and improves utilization of electrode active materials.
Regulating Bacterial Behavior within Hydrogels of Tunable Viscoelasticity
Authors: Bhusari Shardul , Sankaran Shrikrishnan , del Campo Aránzazu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEngineered living materials (ELMs) are a new class of materials in which living organism incorporated into diffusive matrices uptake a fundamental role in material's composition and function. Understanding how the spatial confinement in 3D can regulate the behavior of the embedded cells is crucial to design and predict ELM's function, minimize their environmental impact and facilitate their translation into applied materials. This study investigates the growth and metabolic activity of bacteria within an associative hydrogel network (Pluronic‐based) with mechanical properties that can be tuned by introducing a variable degree of acrylate crosslinks. Individual bacteria distributed in the hydrogel matrix at low density form functional colonies whose size is controlled by the extent of permanent crosslinks. With increasing stiffness and elastic response to deformation of the matrix, a decrease in colony volumes and an increase in their sphericity are observed. Protein production follows a different pattern with higher production yields occurring in networks with intermediate permanent crosslinking degrees. These results demonstrate that matrix design can be used to control and regulate the composition and function of ELMs containing microorganisms. Interestingly, design parameters for matrices to regulate bacteria behavior show similarities to those elucidated for 3D culture of mammalian cells.
The Combination of Structure Prediction and Experiment for the Exploration of Alkali‐Earth Metal‐Contained Chalcopyrite‐Like IR Nonlinear Optical Material
Authors: Wang Peng , Chu Yu , Tudi Abudukadi , Xie Congwei , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie , Li Junjie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDesign and fabrication of new infrared (IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) materials with balanced properties are urgently needed since commercial chalcopyrite‐like (CL) NLO crystals are suffering from their intrinsic drawbacks. Herein, the first defect‐CL (DCL) alkali‐earth metal (AEM) selenide IR NLO material, DCL‐MgGa2Se4, has been rationally designed and fabricated by a structure prediction and experiment combined strategy. The introduction of AEM tetrahedral unit MgSe4 effectively widens the band gap of DCL compounds. The title compound exhibits a wide band gap of 2.96 eV, resulting in a high laser induced damage threshold (LIDT) of ≈3.0 × AgGaS2 (AGS). Furthermore, the compound shows a suitable second harmonic generation (SHG) response (≈0.9 × AGS) with a type‐I phase‐matching (PM) behavior and a wide IR transparent range. The results indicate that DCL‐MgGa2Se4 is a promising mid‐to‐far IR NLO material and give some insights into the design of new CL compound with outstanding IR NLO properties based on the AEM tetrahedra and the structure predication and experiment combined strategy.
Transporting Hydrogel via Chinese Acupuncture Needles for Lesion Positioning Therapy
Authors: Lin Feng , Wang Zhen , Xiang Lei , Wu Longxi , Liu Yupu , Xi Xiaobing , Deng Lianfu , Cui Wenguo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLesion positioning therapy optimizes medical treatment by directly targeting lesions. However, strong physical barriers greatly hinder its wide use. Here, the Chinese acupuncture needles (CA‐needles) with a screw‐thread structure at the tip (ST‐needle) and the hydrogel with the function of adhesive metal and loaded drug sustained‐release structure are designed, through the minimally invasive and precise positioning of lesions by ST‐needles, the dry‐wet conversion of hydrogel with absorbing fluids and swelling, and the rotation back of ST‐needles, the hydrogel is precisely positioned in the subchondral bone with physical barrier to achieve precise positioning therapy for lesions. In vitro experiments show that the ST‐needle penetrates the physical barrier of cartilage and enters the subchondral bone. Simultaneously, the hydrogel transfer efficiency of the ST‐needle (73.25%) is significantly higher than that of the CA‐needle (29.92%) due to the protective effect of the screw‐thread structure. In vivo experiments demonstrate that precise positioning in subchondral bone in osteoarthritis rats with ST‐needles effectively inhibits abnormal subchondral bone remodeling, alleviating the degeneration and degradation of cartilage. Therefore, ST‐needles achieve lesion positioning therapy through minimally invasive penetration of physical barriers, precisely positioning within lesions, and delivering hydrogel to release drugs.
Adsorption in Reversed Order of C2 Hydrocarbons on an Ultramicroporous Fluorinated Metal‐Organic Framework
Authors: Yang Lingzhi , Yan Liting , Niu Weijing , Feng Yan , Fu Qiuju , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Yinhang , Li Liangjun , Gu Xin , Dai Pengcheng , Liu Dandan , Zheng Qingbin , Zhao Xuebo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks have been widely studied in the separation of C2 hydrocarbons, which usually preferentially bind unsaturated hydrocarbons with the order of acetylene (C2H2)>ethylene (C2H4)>ethane (C2H6). Herein, we report an ultramicroporous fluorinated metal‐organic framework Zn‐FBA (H2FBA=4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(benzoic acid)), shows a reversed adsorption order characteristic for C2 hydrocarbons, that the uptake for C2 hydrocarbons of the framework and the binding affinity between the guest molecule and the framework follows the order C2H6>C2H4>C2H2. Density‐functional theory calculations confirm that the completely reversed adsorption order behavior is attributed to the close van der Waals interactions and multiple cooperative C−H⋅⋅⋅F hydrogen bonds between the framework and C2H6. Moreover, Zn‐FBA exhibits a high selectivity of about 2.9 for C2H6 over C2H4 at 298 K and 1 bar. The experimental breakthrough studies show that the high‐purity C2H4 can be obtained from C2H6 and C2H4 mixtures in one step.
Global Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Differential Gene Expression Signatures Between Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Hur Benjamin , Koster Matthew J. , Jang Jin Sung , Weyand Cornelia M. , Warrington Kenneth J. , Sung Jaeyun 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo identify hallmark genes and biomolecular processes in aortitis using high‐throughput gene expression profiling, and to provide a range of potentially new drug targets (genes) and therapeutics from a pharmacogenomic network analysis.MethodsBulk RNA sequencing was performed on surgically resected ascending aortic tissues from inflammatory aneurysms (giant cell arteritis [GCA] with or without polymyalgia rheumatica, n = 8; clinically isolated aortitis [CIA], n = 17) and noninflammatory aneurysms (n = 25) undergoing surgical aortic repair. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the 2 patient groups were identified while controlling for clinical covariates. A protein–protein interaction model, drug–gene target information, and the DEGs were used to construct a pharmacogenomic network for identifying promising drug targets and potentially new treatment strategies in aortitis.ResultsOverall, tissue gene expression patterns were the most associated with disease state than with any other clinical characteristic. We identified 159 and 93 genes that were significantly up‐regulated and down‐regulated, respectively, in inflammatory aortic aneurysms compared to noninflammatory aortic aneurysms. We found that the up‐regulated genes were enriched in immune‐related functions, whereas the down‐regulated genes were enriched in neuronal processes. Notably, gene expression profiles of inflammatory aortic aneurysms from patients with GCA were no different than those from patients with CIA. Finally, our pharmacogenomic network analysis identified genes that could potentially be targeted by immunosuppressive drugs currently approved for other inflammatory diseases.ConclusionWe performed the first global transcriptomics analysis in inflammatory aortic aneurysms from surgically resected aortic tissues. We identified signature genes and biomolecular processes, while finding that CIA may be a limited presentation of GCA. Moreover, our computational network analysis revealed potential novel strategies for pharmacologic interventions and suggests future biomarker discovery directions for the precise diagnosis and treatment of aortitis.
Congestion tracking control for wireless TCP/AQM network via immersion and invariance
Authors: Poonyanirun Somchai , Kanchanaharuthai Adirak 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with an immersion and invariance (I&I) control design for wireless Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) network to solve Active Queue Management (AQM) problems. With the help of this strategy, the developed control law can be used to cope with congestion tracking problems for a nonlinear wireless network model. Besides, the nonlinear congestion control law is proposed to assure that the queue length is able to track the desired queue length despite having sudden changes. The developed control design is validated in the MATLAB environment. The effectiveness of the developed control is verified through a simulation and compared with integral backstepping design, backstepping design, sliding mode design, and synergetic control design. The simulation results demonstrated that the presented strategy is not only able to solve the desired congestion tracking control problem but also provide improved transient performances.
Precarious privilege in the time of pandemic: A hybrid (auto)ethnographic perspective on COVID‐19 and international schooling in China
Authors: Poole Adam , Bunnell Tristan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough the impact of the global COVID‐19 pandemic in terms of school closure and the sudden shift to online learning has started to be explored, little has so far been written about the impact on teachers. This paper addresses this gap by drawing on the first author's autoethnographic experiences of working in the growing body of ‘non‐traditional’ international schooling in Shanghai, China, during the first wave of the pandemic in early 2020. These experiences are complemented by insights from other teachers from the author's school site, leading to a hybrid (auto)ethnographic perspective. By utilising and developing the emergent concept of ‘precarious privilege’, we can see that whilst the pandemic has restricted teachers' movements and agency in a physical sense through lockdowns and travel restrictions, this immobility also fosters new symbolic and physical spaces, which in turn give rise to new forms of privilege. The privilege in this context is not financial, as is often the case, but rather existential (reclaiming a more authentic self) and spatial (the school offers teachers security) in nature. This fresh, nuanced approach to discussing precarity is timely and necessary. Given the novelty of the situation we now find ourselves in, new positionings are required to orient the individual and the researcher to a post‐pandemic world. This paper offers one such positioning in the form of autoethnography for (re)imagining precarity and privilege in international schooling within the context of an emerging new world.
Molecularly imprinted polymer‐based optical immunosensors
Authors: Singh Kshitij R. B. , Natarajan Arunadevi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are artificial antibodies for a target molecule. The review focuses mainly on mechanistic steps involved in forming MIPs and the role of co‐monomers and porogen. In addition, the electronic transition between different energy levels is explained with the help of the Jablonski diagram. Diverse receptor and target molecules for anchoring artificial MIPs are discussed, accentuating the synergetic effects obtained. The binding efficiency, selectivity, and sensitivity of various optical sensors are discussed intensively. In addition to this, we focused on synthesis, physical forms, characterization techniques, and microorganism detection of imprinted polymers. A brief investigation on the use of MIPs in cancer diagnosis is also included, and attention is extended to the important challenges faced in using imprinted polymers.
Are firms with better sustainability performance more resilient during crises?
Authors: Lu Jing , Rodenburg Kathleen , Foti Lianne , Pegoraro Ann 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between sustainability and financial performance using a sample of G7 firms from 2004 to 2020. We find a positive bidirectional relationship that firms with better sustainability performance are more profitable in the future and firms with better financial performance have higher subsequent sustainability performance. In addition, we test how two major crises (the financial crisis and the COVID‐19 pandemic) affect the sustainability‐financial performance relationship. Firms with better sustainability performance are hit harder on their financial performance, but the benefits of financial performance on sustainability are strengthened during the financial crisis. During the ongoing COVID‐19 crisis, firms with strong sustainability performance have been more resilient, and their financial performance has dropped less than firms with poor sustainability performance. However, the benefits of profitability on sustainability are weakened. Our results suggest that sustainability provides “insurance”‐like protection against economic downturns during COVID‐19 and mature sustainability offers economic benefits but not early‐stage sustainability. It expands the contingency perspective of sustainability–financial performance relationship to crisis management.
Optimization of pre‐analytical and analytical steps for DNA and RNA analysis of fresh cytology samples
Authors: Dolinar Ana , Grubelnik Gašper , Srebotnik‐Kirbiš Irena , Strojan Fležar Margareta , Žlajpah Margareta 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDifferent cytology preparations can be used for molecular diagnostics, however the influence of pre‐analytical and analytical steps on the results are not yet well defined. We aimed to determine optimal steps for efficient extraction of DNA and RNA from fresh cells for molecular diagnostics.MethodsMCF7 and FaDu human cell lines, were used as a model to determine fresh cells storage conditions (temperature: 25°C, 4°C, −20°C, −80°C; duration: 0 h, 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h) and optimal nucleic acids extraction method. Besides, the minimal number of total cells and minimal percentage of mutated cells needed for successful extraction of nucleic acids and subsequent determination of present mutation were evaluated.ResultsExtraction of nucleic acids using spin columns yielded the highest quantity and quality of nucleic acids. Isolation of nucleic acids was feasible in all storage conditions, however higher temperature and longer duration of fresh cells storage were associated with lower quality of isolated nucleic acids and similar quantification cycle of housekeeping genes. Successful molecular testing was feasible with least 104 cells, while specific mutation was detected in as low as 5% of mutated cells.ConclusionsOur cell line model, mimicking fresh cytology samples, showed that quantity of extracted either DNA or RNA declined with higher temperatures and longer duration of storage but regardless of the storage conditions, we successfully detected both housekeeping genes and mutated gene using qPCR.