bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Juggling two pandemics: The simultaneous necessity and difficulty of practising lifestyle medicine during the COVID‐19 era
Authors: Shipley Alexandra , Fallows Ellen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSince early 2020, COVID‐19 has dominated headlines, claimed millions of lives, crippled global economies, overwhelmed health services, attracted multi‐disciplinary scientific attention and transformed our daily lives. Unsurprisingly, the Lifestyle Medicine field has not been immune to the pandemic's wide‐reaching influence. Although COVID‐19 highlighted the necessity of maintaining healthy behaviours, the associated lockdowns and social distancing measures challenged our ability to do so. Attempts to mitigate the spread of COVID‐19 may, therefore, have exacerbated the obesity pandemic and other diseases associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits. One hopes this devastating virus provides the impetus for policymakers, clinicians and patients to collaborate in tackling the diseases of modern life. This commentary explores how lifestyle‐correlated conditions (which are closely intertwined with socioeconomic factors) rendered much of the UK population vulnerable to COVID‐19 infection, morbidity and mortality. Subsequently, we consider the impact of lockdown measures on the accessibility of healthy living, focussing on eating behaviours, physical activity, relationships, sleep and substance abuse, as well as the social demographics particularly affected. Approaching the aftermath of this vicious cycle with optimism, we discuss why the post‐Covid era presents a unique opportunity for Lifestyle Medicine, as an evidence‐based approach to supporting patients to adopt and sustain healthy behaviours.
Joint detection of miR‐149‐3p and hepcidin predicts the onset of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in obese patients
Authors: Xu Lina , Gao Haipeng , Wang Weizhen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a potentially fatal sleep respiratory disorder, and hepcidin has been found to be related with OSAS onset and severity. This study aimed to examine the serum expression of microRNA‐149‐3p (miR‐149‐3p) and hepcidin in OSAS patients, and evaluate the predictive value of miR‐149‐3p and hepcidin for OSAS occurrence in obese population.MethodsThis study analyzed the data from 212 OSAS patients and 120 control individuals. OSAS severity was evaluated by apnea hypopnea index (AHI) from polysomnography. Serum miR‐149‐3p was examined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR, and hepcidin and inflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA kits. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of miR‐142‐3p and hepcidin for OSAS in obese population, and ROC curve was plotted to assess the predictive accuracy.ResultsSerum miR‐149‐3p and hepcidin were increased in OSAS patients, especially in the severe cases, and had diagnostic potential to distinguish OSAS. High miR‐149‐3p and hepcidin were positively correlated with OSAS patients' inflammatory cytokines. Obese OSAS patients had the highest miR‐149‐3p and hepcidin levels, and the two molecules had predictive value of OSAS present in obese population, and the combination of miR‐149‐3p and hepcidin showed the highest predictive accuracy.ConclusionSerum miR‐149‐3p and hepcidin levels were elevated in OSAS patients and correlated with disease severity and systemic inflammation. miR‐149‐3p and hepcidin levels have diagnostic value to distinguish OSAS, exhibited predictive value for OSAS in obese population, and the joint detection of the two molecules showed the highest predictive accuracy.
Reproduction influences seasonal eDNA variation in a temperate marine fish community
Authors: Collins Rupert A. , Baillie Charles , Halliday Nicholas C. , Rainbird Sophie , Sims David W. , Mariani Stefano , Genner Martin J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany factors influence how environmental DNA (eDNA) abundance varies in natural environments. One of the least studied contributors to eDNA variation is that of reproduction. Marine organisms that broadcast spawn are expected to shed increased quantities of DNA in association with the release of gametes and the elevated levels of activity associated with reproduction. To test this hypothesis at the community level, we present a year‐long eDNA time‐series of a temperate sea‐shelf fish assemblage combined with adult fish and ichthyoplankton abundance data. Our results show that eDNA is associated with species abundance estimated by conventional fish surveys at all life stages (adult, larval, and egg), and was on average 2.3‐fold more abundant during predicted fish reproductive periods.
Exploiting Minimalistic Backbone Engineered γ‐Phenylalanine for the Formation of Supramolecular Co‐Polymer
Authors: Misra Rajkumar , Tang Yiming , Chen Yujie , Chakraborty Priyadarshi , Netti Francesca , Vijayakanth Thangavel , Shimon Linda J. W. , Wei Guanghong , Adler‐Abramovich Lihi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOrdered supramolecular hydrogels assembled by modified aromatic amino acids often exhibit low mechanical rigidity. Aiming to stabilize the hydrogel and understand the impact of conformational freedom and hydrophobicity on the self‐assembly process, two building blocks based on 9‐fluorenyl‐methoxycarbonyl‐phenylalanine (Fmoc‐Phe) gelator which contain two extra methylene units in the backbone, generating Fmoc‐γPhe and Fmoc‐(3‐hydroxy)‐γPhe are designed. Fmoc‐γPhe spontaneously assembled in aqueous media forming a hydrogel with exceptional mechanical and thermal stability. Moreover, Fmoc‐(3‐hydroxy)‐γPhe, with an extra backbone hydroxyl group decreasing its hydrophobicity while maintaining some molecular flexibility, self‐assembled into a transient fibrillar hydrogel, that later formed microcrystalline aggregates through a phase transition. Molecular dynamics simulations and single crystal X‐ray analyses reveal the mechanism underlying the two residues' distinct self‐assembly behaviors. Finally, Fmoc‐γPhe and Fmoc‐(3‐OH)‐γPhe co‐assembly to form a supramolecular hydrogel with notable mechanical properties are demonstrated. It has been believed that the understanding of the structure‐assembly relationship will enable the design of new functional amino acid‐based hydrogels.
Regulation of oocyte maturation: Role of conserved ERK signaling
Authors: Das Debabrata , Arur Swathi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDuring oogenesis, oocytes arrest at meiotic prophase I to acquire competencies for resuming meiosis, fertilization, and early embryonic development. Following this arrested period, oocytes resume meiosis in response to species‐specific hormones, a process known as oocyte maturation, that precedes ovulation and fertilization. Involvement of endocrine and autocrine/paracrine factors and signaling events during maintenance of prophase I arrest, and resumption of meiosis is an area of active research. Studies in vertebrate and invertebrate model organisms have delineated the molecular determinants and signaling pathways that regulate oocyte maturation. Cell cycle regulators, such as cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK1), polo‐like kinase (PLK1), Wee1/Myt1 kinase, and the phosphatase CDC25 play conserved roles during meiotic resumption. Extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), on the other hand, while activated during oocyte maturation in all species, regulates both species‐specific, as well as conserved events among different organisms. In this review, we synthesize the general signaling mechanisms and focus on conserved and distinct functions of ERK signaling pathway during oocyte maturation in mammals, non‐mammalian vertebrates, and invertebrates such as Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans.
Loneliness mediates the association of minority stress and depression in sexual and gender minority populations in Thailand
Authors: Kittiteerasack Priyoth , Matthews Alicia K. , Steffen Alana D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLoneliness is a significant risk factor for depression in adults. Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals are at risk for loneliness and depression due to stigma and discrimination. However, little is known about the influences of loneliness on the mental health of SGM populations. Guided by the Minority Stress and Integrative Mediation Frameworks, the authors aimed to examine loneliness's direct and indirect effects on the relationships between minority stressors and depression among Thai SGM adults. Data were drawn from a larger cross‐sectional survey. Standardized measures of minority stressors (discrimination, victimization, identity concealment, and internalized sexual stigma), loneliness, and depression were selected and translated by expert panels. A convenience sample was recruited, and data were collected using online and in‐person methods. Participants (N = 411, M = 29.5 years) were primarily male (90.5%), gay (79.3%), and cisgender (76.6%). More than 40% of participants reported clinically significant levels of loneliness (M = 38.59, standard deviation [SD] = 11.11) and depression (M = 9.46, SD = 8.43). Discrimination, identity concealment, and internalized sexual stigma were directly associated with loneliness (all p < 0.05). Minority stressors were significantly related to depression through indirect associations via loneliness accounting for 33%–54% of the total effect. Indirect effects (95% confidence interval) were 0.25 [0.12, 0.40] for discrimination, −0.41 [−0.67, −0.18] for identity concealment, and 0.42 [0.06, 0.79] for internalized sexual stigma. Loneliness was prevalent and played a mediating role in the associations between minority stressors and depression. Study findings have implications for the development of intervention research.
Trained innate immunity and human adenovirus infection as a novel mechanism linked to the severe acute hepatitis of unknown origin in children during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Du Lingyao , Wang Jiayi , Bai Lang , Tang Hong 
Published: August 2022

Key points
Recent clinical findings indicate that in severe acute hepatitis of unknown origin in children, the innate immune response underlies the main pathogenesis, regardless of the involved pathogens, including adenoviruses (AdVs) that predominantly affect the gut.
The present work suggests that in the presence of trained immunity, the inflammation triggered by AdV infection is mild and confined to the gut, whereas without trained immunity, AdV infection can lead to viremia, severe inflammation, and even cytokine storms.
Simulation study on the adsorption of polymer chains on checkerboard‐patterned surfaces
Authors: Yang Qing‐Hui , Qi Hang‐Kai , Yang Xiao , Luo Meng‐Bo , Huang Jian‐Hua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe adsorption behavior of polymer chains on a checkerboard‐patterned surface consisting of attractive and neutral square blocks is simulated using dynamic Monte Carlo method. The polymer chain is adsorbed on the surface below the critical adsorption temperature Tc and finally form a recognizable state below the pattern recognition temperature Tr. Both Tc and Tr increase with increasing the block width L. The increase of Tc is because that the effect of neutral blocks reduces with increasing L, while the increase of Tr indicates that it is easy for the adsorbed polymer chain to recognize large pattern. Moreover, below Tc, the polymer chain is in a multi‐block adsorption state (MBAS) and multi‐block recognition state (MBRS) for small L and in a single‐block adsorption state (SBAS) and single‐block recognition state (SBRS) for large L. For moderate L, as the temperature decreases, the polymer changes from the SBAS to the MBAS or from SBRS to MBRS below the single‐block to multi‐block adsorption temperature Tsm. Tc and Tsm increase with increasing N, whereas Tr decreases with increasing N. Lastly, the intra‐polymer attraction helps the polymer chain to recognize in a SBRS.
Repellence or attraction: secondary metabolites in pepper mediate attraction and defense against Spodoptera litura
Authors: Yuan Ge‐Ge , Zhao Lin‐Chao , Du Yuan‐Wen , Yu Huan , Shi Xiao‐Bin , Chen Wen‐Chao , Chen Gong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDResistance to insect pests is an important self‐defense characteristic of pepper plants. However, the resistance of different pepper cultivars to Spodoptera litura larvae, one of the main insect pest species on pepper, is not well understood.RESULTSAmong seven pepper cultivars evaluated, cayenne pepper ‘FXBX’ showed the highest repellency to third instar S. litura larvae, Chao tian chili pepper ‘BLTY2’ showed the lowest repellency. Plant volatiles (1‐hexene, hexanal, β‐ionone, (E,E)‐2,6‐nonadienal, and methyl salicylate) affected host selection by S. litura. Among these, 1‐hexene, hexanal, and β‐ionone at concentrations naturally‐released by pepper leaves were found to repel S. litura. Interestingly, S. litura larvae fed on the larva‐attracting pepper cultivar, (BLTY2) had an extended developmental period, which was about 13 days longer than larvae fed on FXBX. Besides, the survival rate of larvae fed on BLTY2 was 22.5 ± 0.0%, indicating that the leaves of BLTY2 can kill S. litura larvae. Correlation analysis showed that larval survival rate, emergence rate, female adult longevity, and pupal weight were positively correlated with the vitamin C, amino acids, protein, cellulose, and soluble sugar contents, but were negatively correlated with wax and flavonoids contents.CONCLUSIONWe identified two different modes of direct defense exhibited by pepper cultivars against S. litura. One involves the release of repellent volatiles to avoid been fed on (FXBX cultivar). The other involves the inhibition of the growth and development or the direct killing of S. litura larvae which feeds on it (BLTY2 cultivar). © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Species boundary and phylogeographical pattern provide new insights into the management efforts of Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), a bean bug invading North America
Authors: Zhu Xiuxiu , Zheng Chenguang , Dong Xue , Zhang Haiguang , Ye Zhen , Xue Huaijun , Bu Wenjun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDCorrect identification together with information on distribution range, geographical origin and evolutionary history are the necessary basis for the management and control of invasive species. The bean bug Megacopta cribraria is a crucial agricultural pest of soybean. Recently, M. cribraria has invaded the United States and spread rapidly, causing severe reductions in soybean yields. However, the species boundary and phylogeographical pattern of this invasive bean bug are still unclear.RESULTSThe results of different species delimitation methods (Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery, Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning, Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes and Bayesian Phylogenetics and Phylogeography) strongly demonstrated that M. cribraria and Megacopta punctatissima represent the same species. M. punctatissima should not be considered a distinct species but rather a variety of M. cribraria. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three well‐supported clades (Southeast Asia [SEA], East Asia continent [EAC] and Japan [JA]) with distinct geographical structures in the M. cribraria–M. punctatissima complex. The SEA clade was at the base of the phylogenetic tree, and the sister relationship between the EAC clade and JA clade was strongly supported. The split between the EAC clade and JA clade occurred at approximately 0.71 Ma, corresponding to the submergence period of the East China Sea land bridge.CONCLUSIONThis study clarified the species boundary between M. cribraria and its closely related species and revealed the phylogeographical pattern and evolutionary history of M. cribraria. The species delimitation and phylogeography results achieved in this study could provide new insights into the monitoring and management of this agricultural pest. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Oviposition preference and life‐history parameters of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on different soybean (Glycine max) cultivars
Authors: Naseri Bahram , Ebadollahi Asgar , Hamzavi Fatemeh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDCallosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is one of the most destructive pests of stored legume seeds in many regions of the world. Evaluation of varietal resistance of host seeds to C. maculatus infestation can be useful in preventing severe damage. We studied the susceptibility and resistance of eight conventional soybean cultivars (Caspian, Kosar, L17, Nekador, Sari, Tapour, Williams and Zane) based on the oviposition preference (choice and no‐choice tests) and population growth parameters of the pest.RESULTSCompared with other cultivars tested, oviposition preference of C. maculatus was the lowest on Nekador. The developmental time of C. maculatus differed from 40.34 days on Nekador to 48.35 days on L17, and was negatively correlated with the seed protein content. Other performance measures of C. maculatus did not match the oviposition preference. Immature survival and female longevity were highest on Caspian. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was higher on Tapour, Nekador and Caspian than on Zane, Williams, and Kosar. A positive correlation was observed between the rm value of the pest and moisture content of the cultivars. Cluster analysis showed that cvs Nekador, Sari, Tapour, and Caspian were relatively susceptible, and cvs Kosar, Zane, Williams and L17 were partially resistant to this pest.CONCLUSIONProtein and moisture contents of soybean cultivars play an important role in the development and population growth of C. maculatus, and these traits could be used to develop safe and effective management strategies for this pest on stored soybean seeds. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Facilitated by Halogenated Substituted Wide‐Bandgap Polymers and a Backbone Twisted Low‐Bandgap Acceptor
Authors: Liu Shujuan , Wu Haimei , Zhao Baofeng , Wang Weiping , Zhou Yuchen , Xue Zeyu , Ding Kai , Cong Zhiyuan , Gao Chao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuring the past five years, plentiful efficient polymer solar cells (PSCs) developed rapidly with the application of small molecules as non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Although most of the synthesized NFAs have planar backbones, the backbone twisted NFAs have exhibited impressive performances in devices with wide‐bandgaps polymer donors like J52 and PBDB‐T. To boost the performances of PSCs based on NFAs with contorting backbone, a systematic study of a twisted NFA (i‐IEICO‐4F), with J52 and its halogenated counterparts was conducted, because the attached halogen atoms have strong effects on the frontier molecular orbitals and the aggregation properties of the polymers. Despite the polymers possessing similar absorption spectra, they exhibited continuously deepened molecular energy levels. Among the three polymers, the device based on J52‐2F and i‐IEICO‐4F achieved the lowest efficiency of 11.78 %. Although differed in open‐circuit voltages and short‐circuit current densities, the J52‐ and J52‐2Cl‐based devices successfully acquired enhanced fill factors of 67.0 % and 67.6 %, giving rise to enhanced efficiencies of 12.47 % and 12.69 %. The superior performance of J52‐2Cl‐based device stems from its deepened molecular energy levels, improved charge transport properties, and better morphological features, demonstrating the important influence of halogenation substitution on the characteristic regulation of wide‐bandgap conjugated polymers for high‐performance PSCs.
A Water‐Stable Luminescent Zn‐MOF Based on A Conjugated π‐electron Ligand as An Efficient Sensor for Fe3+, CrO42−, Cr2O72− and MnO4−
Authors: Yin Bei B. , Wang Yan , Gao Ning N. , Liang Jing , Jiang Hao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdopting a solvothermal method, a new Zn‐MOF (metal‐organic framework, MOF), namely, [Zn5(FA)4(LBTX)(OH)2]n (1) has been successfully synthesized (H2FA=2,2‐bis(4‐carboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropylene, LBTX=4,4’‐bis(1H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐1‐yl)methyl‐1,1’‐biphenyl). Complex 1 was structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), infrared spectra (IR) and elemental analyses (EA). X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that complex 1 features a two‐fold interpenetrated pcu‐topological architecture. Complex 1 has a multi‐response photoluminescence sensing feature that it can be used to detect Fe3+, CrO42−, Cr2O72−, MnO4− ions in water. The possible quenching mechanism were also explored.
Z‐scheme CuSbS2/ZnO Heterojunction for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of RhB
Authors: Zhi Guowei , Hao Lingyun , Chen Wenjing , Sheng Qinyang , Liu Liu , Wang Wei , Yao Hanyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe heterojunction structure photocatalysts are very promising for photocatalytic degradation dyes to resolve the organic industrial wastewater. In this work, an effective and solar light‐driven Z‐scheme heterojunction photocatalyst CAS/ZnO was prepared by two steps microwave irradiation method. The ZnO nanosheets were successfully compounded with CAS tetragonal particles aggregate. As the ZnO concentration increased, the absorbance decreased but the specific surface area increased. Rhodamine B (RhB) was tested for photodegradation by photocatalysts under a solar simulation in 120 min, and 3 M displayed the highest degradation rate (100 %), highest rate constant (0.021 min−1) and optimum stability. Furthermore, the main reactive species were superoxide radicals (O2−.) and hydroxyl radicals (HO⋅). Also, mechanism of the Z‐scheme migration of photon‐generated carrier and photocatalytic degradation was proposed. This paper provides a new Z‐scheme heterojunction CAS/ZnO photocatalyst for the treatment of organic pollutants.
Thermoresponsive Polymeric Nanolenses Magnify the Thermal Sensitivity of Single Upconverting Nanoparticles
Authors: Lu Dasheng , Retama Jorge Rubio , Marin Riccardo , Marqués Manuel I. , Calderón Oscar G. , Melle Sonia , Haro‐González Patricia , Jaque Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLanthanide‐based upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are trustworthy workhorses in luminescent nanothermometry. The use of UCNPs‐based nanothermometers has enabled the determination of the thermal properties of cell membranes and monitoring of in vivo thermal therapies in real time. However, UCNPs boast low thermal sensitivity and brightness, which, along with the difficulty in controlling individual UCNP remotely, make them less than ideal nanothermometers at the single‐particle level. In this work, it is shown how these problems can be elegantly solved using a thermoresponsive polymeric coating. Upon decorating the surface of NaYF4:Er3+,Yb3+ UCNPs with poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), a >10‐fold enhancement in optical forces is observed, allowing stable trapping and manipulation of a single UCNP in the physiological temperature range (20–45 °C). This optical force improvement is accompanied by a significant enhancement of the thermal sensitivity— a maximum value of 8% °C+1 at 32 °C induced by the collapse of PNIPAM. Numerical simulations reveal that the enhancement in thermal sensitivity mainly stems from the high‐refractive‐index polymeric coating that behaves as a nanolens of high numerical aperture. The results in this work demonstrate how UCNP nanothermometers can be further improved by an adequate surface decoration and open a new avenue toward highly sensitive single‐particle nanothermometry.