bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expansion and differentiation of ex vivo cultured erythroblasts in scalable stirred bioreactors
Authors: Gallego‐Murillo Joan Sebastián , Iacono Giulia , van der Wielen Luuk A. M. , van den Akker Emile , von Lindern Marieke , Wahl Sebastian Aljoscha 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTransfusion of donor‐derived red blood cells (RBCs) is the most common form of cell therapy. Production of transfusion‐ready cultured RBCs (cRBCs) is a promising replacement for the current, fully donor‐dependent therapy. A single transfusion unit, however, contains 2 × 1012 RBC, which requires large scale production. Here, we report on the scale‐up of cRBC production from static cultures of erythroblasts to 3 L stirred tank bioreactors, and identify the effect of operating conditions on the efficiency of the process. Oxygen requirement of proliferating erythroblasts (0.55–2.01 pg/cell/h) required sparging of air to maintain the dissolved oxygen concentration at the tested setpoint (2.88 mg O2/L). Erythroblasts could be cultured at dissolved oxygen concentrations as low as 0.7 O2 mg/ml without negative impact on proliferation, viability or differentiation dynamics. Stirring speeds of up to 600 rpm supported erythroblast proliferation, while 1800 rpm led to a transient halt in growth and accelerated differentiation followed by a recovery after 5 days of culture. Erythroblasts differentiated in bioreactors, with final enucleation levels and hemoglobin content similar to parallel cultures under static conditions.
N6‐methyladenosine RNA demethylase FTO regulates extracellular matrix‐related genes and promotes pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion
Authors: Wang Wei , He Ying , Wu Lun , Zhai Lu‐Lu , Chen Long‐Jiang , Yao Li‐Chao , Yu Kai‐Huan , Tang Zhi‐Gang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is a deadly disease, and its post‐transcriptional gene regulation mechanism remains unclear. The abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) in PC plays an important role in tumor progression. This study is the first to focus on the role of N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation, an emerging post‐transcriptional regulatory mechanism, in the regulation of the ECM in PC. Here, we found that ADAMTS2, COL12A1, and THBS2 were associated with the prognosis of PC by comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes from two independent GEO expression profile datasets and m6A‐related genes in RMVar database (PAAD). GO and KEGG enrichment analysis found that these m6A‐related targets are chiefly functionally concentrated in the ECM region and participate in ECM signal transduction. Correlation analysis revealed that these genes can be regulated by the demethylase FTO. Cell biology function assays showed that knockdown of FTO‐inhibited PC cell abilities to migrate and invade in vitro. qRT‐PCR and MeRIP experiments showed that after knockdown of FTO, the mRNA levels of ADAMTS2, COL12A1, and THBS2 and their m6A modification levels were significantly reduced. These results indicate that m6A RNA demethylation is associated with the regulation of ECM in PC. In conclusion, m6A RNA demethylase FTO regulates ECM‐related genes and promotes PC cell abilities to migrate and invade, our work provides a new perspective on the molecular mechanism of PC progression.
The altered expression of homing factors in CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells following G‐CSF injection and its effects on transplantation quality in ALL patients
Authors: Shafiei Seyede‐Leila , Movassaghpour Aliakbar , Hosseini Seyede Fatemeh , Talebi Mehdi , Edalati Mehdi , Torabi Goudarzi Saeedeh , Soltani‐Zangbar Mohammad Sadegh , Mehdizadeh Amir , Yousefi Mehdi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is considered a suitable treatment for malignant or nonmalignant hematological diseases. This study aims to investigate the HSCs homing factors in bone marrow (BM) donors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients following granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) injection, as well as the G‐CSF effects on BM transplantation quality in these patients. To mobilize HSCs into peripheral blood, G‐CSF was used for ALL patient's BM donors. For HSCs counting, CD34+ cells were evaluated in analogous and autologous donors using flow cytometry. The expression of stem cell homing factors in CD34+ cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were investigated using a real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Finally, hematological factors after BM transplantation in ALL patients were assessed. According to our results, after G‐CSF injection, the level of CD34+ HSCs was statistically increased. Besides, autologous donors showed a higher level of CD34+ cells compared to analogous donors before and after G‐CSF injection. Additionally, a higher number of CD34+ HSCs was achieved in the autologous samples following G‐CSF injection. Furthermore, after G‐CSF injection, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, MMP‐9 was increased; while, stromal cell‐derived factor 1, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 expression were decreased. Moreover, the expression of C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 4, lymphocyte function‐associated antigen 1, and very late antigen‐4 in CD34+ cells and PBMCs were decreased. BM transplantation on Day 90 also caused an increased level of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets as compared to the first day; however, no statistical differences were observed in hemoglobin level. In conclusion, G‐CSF by altering the expression of HSCs homing factors in ALL donors improves BM transplantation quality in ALL patients.
A case report of prolonged COVID‐19‐positive RT‐PCR for five months
Authors: Siami Zeinab , Jamalimoghadamsiahkali Saeidreza , Khavandegar Armin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 gold standard assessment tool remained the RT‐PCR of upper respiratory tract specimen extracted by the nasopharyngeal swab. A positive result would decrease through a three‐week course and eventually be undetectable. The maximum duration of viral shedding is 83 days. Besides, COVID‐19 RT‐PCR remained positive for 74 days in a patient suffering from lymphoma. In this study, we have presented a 56‐year‐old male patient, a known case of lymphoma since 2015, who experienced many episodes of chemotherapy with a five‐month positive RT‐PCR COVID‐19 laboratory test and finally was intubated and then died of opportunistic pulmonary infections. COVID‐19 patients with concurrent lymphoma failed to remove the virus thoroughly, despite providing appropriate treatment regimens.
Central odontogenic fibroma, hyperplastic dental follicle, or dentigerous cyst? A diagnostic dilemma: A case report
Authors: Rajabi‐moghaddam Mahdieh , Mozafari Ghazaleh , Abbaszadeh Hamid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCentral odontogenic fibroma (COF) is an extremely rare benign odontogenic tumor, which is associated with an unerupted tooth in one‐third of the cases. Hyperplastic dental follicle (HDF) is an odontogenic hamartomatous lesion associated with delayed or tooth eruption failure in young patients. Dentigerous cyst (DC) is an epithelial‐lined developmental cyst surrounding the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth. Here, we present a case of 13‐year‐old boy with pericoronal radiolucency around impacted right maxillary canine tooth, which detected during routine dental examination on panoramic radiograph. The size of radiolucency was varied between 5 and 10 mm and was asymmetrical. Lesion was underwent biopsy with suspicion to a dentigerous cyst. On microscopic examination, the lesion was composed of a cellular fibrous connective tissue with odontogenic epithelium in the form of strands or nests throughout the lesion and calcifications in the form of basophilic cementum‐like material and dentinoid. Due to its nonspecific histological features, we encountered a diagnostic dilemma. In this case report, we discuss the clinical and radiologic features of COF, DC, and HDF. We preferred COF for this lesion. By combining surgical and orthodontic treatments, the impacted tooth was directed to its correct position in the maxilla. This case report highlights the importance of clinicopathological correlation in the diagnosis of pericoronal radiolucencies.
Bubble Behaviors in a Dense Gas‐Solids Fluidized Bed: Analysis of Pressure Fluctuation
Authors: Ma Zhunzhun , Ma Hongfang , Qian Weixin , Zhang Haitao , Sun Qiwen , Ying Weiyong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe pressure signals were analyzed by time‐domain and frequency‐domain methods, including standard deviation, autocorrelation function, and power spectral density function, to investigate the bubble behavior and determine the regime transition. Results indicated that the autocorrelation function of pressure signals derived from bubbles was periodic fluctuation. The periodic nature of the autocorrelation function disappeared and the dominant frequency increased when the transition from bubbling to the turbulent regime occurred. The decrease of static bed height facilitated the explosion of bubbles, which accelerated the transition from the bubbling to the turbulent regime. The fluidization index was used as an indicator for the bubble state in the dense fluidized bed.
Two Paths to Oxidative C−H Amination Under Basic Conditions: A Theoretical Case Study Reveals Hidden Opportunities Provided by Electron Upconversion**
Authors: Eckhardt Paul , Elliot Quintin , Alabugin Igor V. , Opatz Till 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTraditionally, cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) leads to C−N bond formation under basic and oxidative conditions and is proposed to proceed via a two‐electron bond formation mediated by carbenium ions. However, the formation of such high‐energy intermediates is only possible in the presence of strong oxidants, which may lead to undesired side reactions and poor functional group tolerance. In this work we explore if oxidation under basic conditions allows the formation of three‐electron bonds (resulting in “upconverted” highly‐reducing radical‐anions). The benefit of this “upconversion” process is in the ability to use milder oxidants (e. g., O2) and to avoid high‐energy intermediates. Comparison of the two‐ and three‐electron pathways using quantum mechanical calculations reveals that not only does the absence of a strong oxidant shut down two‐electron pathways in favor of a three‐electron path but, paradoxically, weaker oxidants react faster with the upconverted reductants by avoiding the inverted Marcus region for electron transfer.
Coordination Adaptable Networks: Zirconium(IV) Carboxylates
Authors: Murali Meenu , Berne Dimitri , Joly‐Duhamel Christine , Caillol Sylvain , Leclerc Eric , Manoury Eric , Ladmiral Vincent , Poli Rinaldo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVitrimers are 3D “covalent adaptable networks” (CANs) with flow properties thanks to thermally activated associative exchange reactions. This contribution introduces coordination adaptable networks, or CooANs, that are topologically related to metal–organic frameworks with octahedral Zr6 clusters as secondary building units in a carboxylic acid‐functionalized acrylate‐methacrylate copolymer matrix. A series of Zr‐CooAN‐x materials (x=percent of Zr6 loading relative to maximum capacity) was synthesized with x=5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50 and 100. The mechanical and rheological investigations demonstrate vitrimer‐like properties for x up to 50, the crosslink migration being ensured by carboxylate ligand exchange, with relaxation becoming slower as the Zr6 content is increased. The flow activation energy of Zr‐CooAN‐10 is 92.9±3.6 kJ mol−1. Rapid (30 min) hot‐press reshaping occurs at temperatures in the 50–100 °C range under a 3‐ton pressure and does not significantly alter the material properties.
Numerische Untersuchung des Abkühlverhaltens von eingetafelten Schokoladenprodukten
Authors: Lörcher Marc , Behrens Stefan , Böttger Arne , Lange Claudia , Schräer Christian , Luo Xing , Kabelac Stephan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeben Geschmack und Schmelzverhalten ist der Glanz ein wichtiges Qualitätskriterium von eingetafelten Schokoladenprodukten. Glanzunterschiede der Produkte können auf verschiedene Ursachen im Produktionsprozess zurückgeführt werden. Der Kühlprozess stellt dabei einen signifikanten Einfluss dar. Die durch Scheren und Unterkühlen vorkristallisierte Schokolade wird weiter abgekühlt, kristallisiert und fest aus dem Kühlprozess heraustransportiert. Das Kühlen der Schokolade im Paternoster‐Kühlschrank ist weitestgehend unerforscht und wird daher in dieser Arbeit hinsichtlich des sich ergebenen Strömungsprofils und des resultierenden Temperaturprofils numerisch untersucht.
Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐Core Compounds Show Activity against Clinically Relevant Gram‐Positive Bacteria
Authors: Riabova Olga , Egorova Anna , Lepioshkin Alexander , Li Yan , Voigt Kerstin , Kloss Florian , Makarov Vadim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines represent a novel antibacterial prodrug scaffold, previously identified through a screening campaign against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in which the formation of highly antimycobacterial metabolites catalyzed by the nitroreductase Mrx2 is suggested to be the relevant killing mechanism. As analogous activation pathways may also be employed in other prokaryotes, in this work we explored general antibacterial effects of this compound class. Through exploration of the chemical space by different synthetic strategies, 51 novel derivatives were generated, biologically evaluated and thus enabled initial conclusions about structure‐activity relationships. Remarkably, anti‐Gram‐positive activity can be well modulated, particularly towards Staphylococci (MRSA) and even slightly against some Gram‐negative strains. The two most promising hit compounds showed good pharmacokinetic properties in vitro as well as acceptable toxicity in HeLa cells, qualifying them as starting points for lead‐generation campaigns.
8‐Hydroxy‐1,6‐naphthyridine‐7‐carboxamides as Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus pUL89 Endonuclease
Authors: Jung Eunkyung , Majima Ryuichi , Edwards Tiffany C. , Soto‐Acosta Ruben , Geraghty Robert J. , Wang Zhengqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication requires a metal‐dependent endonuclease at the C‐terminus of pUL89 (pUL89‐C) for viral genome packaging and cleavage. We have previously shown that pUL89‐C can be pharmacologically inhibited with designed metal‐chelating compounds. We report herein the synthesis of a few 8‐hydroxy‐1,6‐naphthyridine subtypes, including 5‐chloro (subtype 15), 5‐aryl (subtype 16), and 5‐amino (subtype 17) variants. Analogs were studied for the inhibition of pUL89‐C in a biochemical endonuclease assay, a biophysical thermal shift assay (TSA), in silico molecular docking, and for the antiviral potential against HCMV in cell‐based assays. These studies identified eight analogs of 8‐hydroxy‐1,6‐naphthyridine‐7‐carboxamide subtypes for further characterization, most of which inhibited pUL89‐C with single‐digit μM IC50 values, and conferred antiviral activity in μM range. TSA and molecular modeling of selected analogs corroborate their binding to pUL89‐C. Collectively, our biochemical, antiviral, biophysical and in silico data suggest that 8‐hydroxy‐1,6‐naphthyridine‐7‐carboxamide subtypes can be used for designing inhibitors of HCMV pUL89‐C.
Will the real Q please stand up?
Authors: Brill Michael H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn my 1996 article on units of tristimulus values, I used as a definitional equation Jozef Cohen's Q = A′N, where N is a radiometric function of k wavelengths and Q is a column vector comprising N's associated tristimulus values. With Cohen, I took as Matrix A (having no units) a set of three column vectors comprising color‐matching functions. The relation Q = A′N then forced Q to have dimensions of power, which was inconsistent with the dimensionlessness of matrix A. Besides this problem, calling A′N the tristimulus values of N still left them in an unspecified basis, so you could get a wide variety of Q vectors from a single N vector by changing the basis of A. Simply specifying Q = A′N did not supply enough information to specify tristimulus values uniquely. I now propose to define Q = (A′ P)−1 A′ N, where k‐by‐3 matrix P contains the (unscaled) spectra of the primaries. Using this definition resolves both the above problems.
Gesture recognition from RGB images using convolutional neural network‐attention based system
Authors: Barbhuiya Abul Abbas , Karsh Ram Kumar , Jain Rahul 
Published: July 2022

SummaryHand gestures can be categorized based on their applications as conversational, manipulative, controlling, and communicative gestures. Hand gesture recognition is an aspect of human action recognition, which plays a notable role in communication among the deaf and dumb community. Accurate recognition and classification of hand gestures with similar postures is still a complex problem. The main objective of this work is to employ deep learning based convolutional neural networks for human action recognition. This article introduces a convolutional neural network based on VGG16 architecture with an attention approach to mitigate the issue. Incorporating an attention‐based module with the VGG16 architecture is the prime reason for potentially learning distinguishing image features by the network. Besides, the proposed robust system collectively recognizes and classifies all the available 36 hand gesture classes of the Massey database, where most previous work selected only a few distinguishable gestures. Experimental results show that the average recognition accuracy for characters with similar hand postures like “m” and “n” is better than the state‐of‐the‐art networks. Additionally, the proposed method attains about 3% higher recognition accuracy than the state‐of‐the‐art networks for all gesture classes. The efficacy of the proposed architecture has also been validated via precision, recall, and F‐score.
Enhanced Electrochemical Capacity of Spherical Co‐Free Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 Particles after a Water and Acid Treatment and its Influence on the Initial Gas Evolution Behavior
Authors: Klein Florian , Bansmann Joachim , Jusys Zenonas , Pfeifer Claudia , Scheitenberger Philipp , Mundszinger Manuel , Geiger Dorin , Biskupek Johannes , Kaiser Ute , Behm R. Jürgen , Lindén Mika , Wohlfahrt‐Mehrens Margret , Axmann Peter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLi‐rich layered oxides (LRLO) with specific energies beyond 900 Wh kg−1 are one promising class of high‐energy cathode materials. Their high Mn‐content allows reducing both costs and the environmental footprint. In this work, Co‐free Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 was investigated. A simple water and acid treatment step followed by a thermal treatment was applied to the LRLO to reduce surface impurities and to establish an artificial cathode electrolyte interface. Samples treated at 300 °C show an improved cycling behavior with specific first cycle capacities of up to 272 mAh g−1, whereas powders treated at 900 °C were electrochemically deactivated due to major structural changes of the active compounds. Surface sensitive analytical methods were used to characterize the structural and chemical changes compared to the bulk material. Online DEMS measurements were conducted to get a deeper understanding of the effect of the treatment strategy on O2 and CO2 evolution during electrochemical cycling.
An enhanced operational amplifier macro model based on artificial neural network
Authors: Wei Jiahao , Zhao Tian , Wan Jing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn enhanced operational amplifier (OPAMP) macro model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is developed for analog circuit simulation. The model uses ANN to capture the relation between the inputs and outputs (currents and voltages) of the circuit module. Both direct current (DC) and alternative current (AC) signals are considered in the model. By adopting the adaptive sampling algorithm, the amount of data required for model training can be significantly reduced and the accuracy of model fitting can be apparently improved. The model is also validated by the simulated data from OPAMP, Bandgap, and LDO circuits. Compared with SPICE model, enhanced ANN OPAMP macro model has nearly 8 times faster simulation speed without apparently degrading the model accuracy. The predictions made by the neural network are also compared to the experimental measurement results of LDO circuit fabricated in 0.18‐μm process. Both simulation and experimental results show the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed enhanced ANN OPAMP macro model.
Numerical investigation of elliptical core few‐mode fiber for next generation data transmission
Authors: Mitu Sumaiya Akhtar , Abdulrazak Lway Faisal , Ahmed Kawsar , Trabelsi Youssef , al Zahrani Fahad Ahmed , Rajan M. S. Mani 
Published: July 2022

SummaryA multi‐mode supported elliptical ring core fiber is demonstrated in the suggested work. The reported fiber structure is capable of supporting a large number of modes and influences to be favorable for high capacity, less crosstalk in the area of mode division multiplexing, and Internet of Things (IoT) compatible communications. To ensure the efficiency of the described structure, many characteristics such as V‐parameter, birefringence, sensitivity response, and confinement loss are analyzed. The investigation results are obtained from the offered structure by taking 22 distinct eigenmodes and the wavelength range from 1.54 to 1.7 μm. The evaluation of the numerical analysis shows the confinement loss of less than 2.85 × 10−9 dB/m, the sensitivity response of 80,757.73292 nm/RIU. These are, to the best of our knowledge, the maximum responses received in this trade. IoT‐based technologies allow networked tools to communicate, sense, and interact with each other. Where the wireless networks are harsh to operate on the ecological surroundings, the optical technology as fiber optic cables delivers the best resources of handling data and transferring it from one place to another effectively.