bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships and Sex Education Outcomes for Students With Intellectual Disability: Protocol for the Development of a Core Outcome Set
Authors: Paulauskaite Laura , Totsika Vasiliki , Rivas Carol 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPeople with intellectual disability are twice as likely to experience sexual abuse, unintended pregnancies, and sexually transmitted diseases as people in the general population. Despite this, very little is known about how to deliver relationships and sex education effectively to this vulnerable population, how to measure the impact of its delivery in schools, and what stakeholders perceive as important outcomes of this education.ObjectiveTo address these urgent issues, this study aims to develop a stakeholder consensus–based core outcome set of relationships and sex education for use in research and educational settings with students with intellectual disability.MethodsThe study will use a 2-stage mixed methods design. The first stage will involve a systematic review of relationships and sex education outcomes reported in the literature, followed by qualitative exploration with caregivers, teachers and school staff, policy makers, and researchers to investigate their perspectives of meaningful outcomes of this education. Students with intellectual disability will be enabled to take part to express their views on outcomes of importance to them. The second stage will use findings from stage 1 in a 2-round web-based Delphi study with caregivers, teachers and school staff, policy makers, and researchers to develop consensus on proposed outcomes for the evaluation of relationships and sex education with this population.ResultsAs of September 2022, we have completed a systematic review and recruited 56 stakeholders (n=53, 95%, adults and n=3, 5%, students with intellectual disability) for the first stage of the study. We are still recruiting students with intellectual disability. Data analysis has not started yet. Recruitment for the second stage will commence in November 2022. We expect to complete the study by October 2023 and publish the results by the end of 2024.ConclusionsThe development of a core outcome set of relationships and sex education will provide a significant first step to assist the implementation, delivery, evaluation, and sustainability of relationships and sex education for students with intellectual disability. Key audiences will be teachers, researchers, policy makers, and decision makers.Trial RegistrationCore Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials 1787; https://www.comet-initiative.org/Studies/Details/1787International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/39921
Outcomes of a Community Engagement and Information Gathering Program to Support Telephone-Based COVID-19 Contact Tracing: Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Udeagu Chi-Chi N , Pitiranggon Masha , Misra Kavita , Huang Jamie , Terilli Thomas , Ramos Yasmin , Alexander Martha , Kim Christine , Lee David , Blaney Kathleen , Keeley Chris , Long Theodore , Vora Neil M 
Published: October 2022

Background
Contact tracing is an important public health tool for curbing the spread of infectious diseases. Effective and efficient contact tracing involves the rapid identification of individuals with infection and their exposed contacts and ensuring their isolation or quarantine, respectively. Manual contact tracing via telephone call and digital proximity app technology have been key strategies in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. However, many people are not reached for COVID-19 contact tracing due to missing telephone numbers or nonresponse to telephone calls. The New York City COVID-19 Trace program augmented the efforts of telephone-based contact tracers with information gatherers (IGs) to search and obtain telephone numbers or residential addresses, and community engagement specialists (CESs) made home visits to individuals that were not contacted via telephone calls.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of information gathering and home visits to the yields of COVID-19 contact tracing in New York City.

Methods
IGs looked for phone numbers or addresses when records were missing phone numbers to locate case-patients or contacts. CESs made home visits to case-patients and contacts with no phone numbers or those who were not reached by telephone-based tracers. Contact tracing management software was used to triage and queue assignments for the telephone-based tracers, IGs, and CESs. We measured the outcomes of contact tracing–related tasks performed by the IGs and CESs from July 2020 to June 2021.

Results
Of 659,484 cases and 861,566 contact records in the Trace system, 28% (185,485) of cases and 35% (303,550) of contacts were referred to IGs. IGs obtained new phone numbers for 33% (61,804) of case-patients and 11% (31,951) of contacts; 50% (31,019) of the case-patients and 46% (14,604) of the contacts with new phone numbers completed interviews; 25% (167,815) of case-patients and 8% (72,437) of contacts were referred to CESs. CESs attempted 80% (132,781) of case and 69% (49,846) of contact investigations, of which 47% (62,733) and 50% (25,015) respectively, completed interviews. An additional 12,192 contacts were identified following IG investigations and 13,507 following CES interventions.

Conclusions
Gathering new or missing locating information and making home visits increased the number of case-patients and contacts interviewed for contact tracing and resulted in additional contacts. When possible, contact tracing programs should add information gathering and home visiting strategies to increase COVID-19 contact tracing coverage and yields as well as promote equity in the delivery of this public health intervention.
Coronary Artery Computed Tomography Angiography for Preventing Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease: Observational Cohort Study Using the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics’ Common Data Model
Authors: Bae Woo Kyung , Cho Jihoon , Kim Seok , Kim Borham , Baek Hyunyoung , Song Wongeun , Yoo Sooyoung 
Published: October 2022

Background
Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) result in 17.5 million deaths annually worldwide, accounting for 46.2% of noncommunicable causes of death, and are the leading cause of death, followed by cancer, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus. Coronary artery computed tomography angiography (CCTA), which detects calcification in the coronary arteries, can be used to detect asymptomatic but serious vascular disease. It allows for noninvasive and quick testing despite involving radiation exposure.

Objective
The objective of our study was to investigate the effectiveness of CCTA screening on CVD outcomes by using the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics’ Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model (OMOP-CDM) data and the population-level estimation method.

Methods
Using electronic health record–based OMOP-CDM data, including health questionnaire responses, adults (aged 30-74 years) without a history of CVD were selected, and 5-year CVD outcomes were compared between patients undergoing CCTA (target group) and a comparison group via 1:1 propensity score matching. Participants were stratified into low-risk and high-risk groups based on the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score and Framingham risk score (FRS) for subgroup analyses.

Results
The 2-year and 5-year risk scores were compared as secondary outcomes between the two groups. In total, 8787 participants were included in both the target group and comparison group. No significant differences (calibration P=.37) were found between the hazard ratios of the groups at 5 years. The subgroup analysis also revealed no significant differences between the ASCVD risk scores and FRSs of the groups at 5 years (ASCVD risk score: P=.97; FRS: P=.85). However, the CCTA group showed a significantly lower increase in risk scores at 2 years (ASCVD risk score: P=.03; FRS: P=.02).

Conclusions
Although we could not confirm a significant difference in the preventive effects of CCTA screening for CVDs over a long period of 5 years, it may have a beneficial effect on risk score management over 2 years.
Usme, territorio de bordes urbano-rurales: tres estudios de caso
Authors: Bernal Mora Martha Isabel 
Published: October 2022

La problemática se centra en la dinámica de la expansión urbana al suroccidente de la ciudad de Bogotá, donde hay una amenaza de la desaparición de áreas de conservación estratégicas de extensas zonas rurales proveedoras de alimentos, agua y oxígeno. El objetivo es entender las configuraciones espaciales de tres bordes urbano-rurales en la localidad de Usme desde la perspectiva de los actores. Para ello, se caracterizan tres áreas de estudio de las transformaciones territoriales, relativas a la diversidad del uso del suelo, patrones espaciales de los bordes urbano-rurales, expansión del área urbana y la relevancia social, cultural, patrimonial y ambiental en las tres zonas. La metodología planteada fue el análisis espacial basado en la superposición y fotointerpretación de imágenes aéreas para los tres bordes urbano-rurales estudiados —(1) Usme-Veredas Bajas, (2) Bolonia-Parque Entre Nubes y (3) Brazuelos-Parque Cantarrana— a través de los sistemas de información geográfica. Asimismo, se realizaron entrevistas informales con los residentes de los tres bordes urbano-rurales con el propósito de entender las transformaciones territoriales. Este diseño permitió la identificación y cambios de los usos del suelo en un lapso de más de dos décadas, registrados en tres años: 1998, 2011 y 2020. La información obtenida se presenta en polígonos que permitieron describirlos, categorizarlos y compararlos. El documento está estructurado a partir de la descripción física de Usme, el análisis espacial para las tres áreas estudiadas y, para finalizar, los principales resultados conclusiones.
An Atypical Presentation of Penile Fracture with Urethral Injury
Authors: Sarna Shiv , Al-Dhahir Wesam , Sami Tariq , Khan Fahd 
Published: October 2022

Background: Penile fracture is a urological emergency that occurs following a traumatic rupture of the tunica albuginea. Patients experience an audible ‘pop’ and immediate detumescence during sexual activity, followed by pain, swelling and ecchymosis. It is uncommon for patients to present without these typical clinical findings. Case Presentation: This case report describes a 33-year-old male with an atypical penile fracture and associated urethral injury. He reported mild pain as his penis buckled against his partner’s thigh during sexual intercourse and a sudden detumescence. Examination was unremarkable other than gross blood at the external urethral meatus. MRI identified a 4 mm focal capsular defect at the ventral aspect of the left corpora cavernosum. Flexible cystoscopy identified a 2cm longitudinal tear in the distal urethra. The patient underwent successful surgical repair with no long term sequalae. Conclusions: The authors of this report wish to highlight the importance of keeping a high index of suspicion for penile fractures in light of a typical history.
Placement Precision of Organic Fertilizer Based on Soil Conservation in Taro Cultivation
Authors: Masnang Andi , Jannah Asmanur , Wibaningwati Dyah Budibruri , Nurilmala Febi , Nurhayati Lany 
Published: October 2022

One of the things that are important to consider when fertilizing is how to place the fertilizer so that plants can consume nutrients efficiently. The research objective was to assess the precision of soil conservation based on fertilizer placement so that fertilizers could increase the production of taro effectively. This study applied four treatments, namely without fertilizer, placing manure in the planting hole, placing manure in the biopore, and placing manure on the borders. The three treatments were given 1 kg of goat manure. The treatment was performed with six replications. Harvesting is carried out in 8 months after planting. The results showed that the placement of manure on the borders was the most effective treatment with the highest yield of wet tubers of 21.4 Mg/ha and was not different from the treatment of manure in biopore 18.3 Mg/ha.This yield was different significantly as compared to that of resulted from treatments where fertilizer was placed in the planting hole (15.9 Mg/ha) or the production of taro without manure application (11.57 Mg/ha). Keywords: Organic fertilizers, production, soil conservation, taro
Qualitative Characters Diversity of Prentul Kediri Cayenne Pepper Mutant (M1) Resulted from Gamma Ray Mutation Induction
Authors: Rohcahyani Fadilla Eka , Moeljani Ida Retno , Suhardjono Hadi 
Published: October 2022

Prentul Kediri cayenne pepper is a local variety that has the potential to be developed into a new superior variety through the breeding of gamma-ray mutations. The purpose of the study is to find out the diversity and degree of similarity in plants of the M1 generation based on qualitative character. The research was conducted in August 2021-February 2022 at the research field, Ketindan Village, Malang City. This study was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Data was subjected to cluster analysis using the NTSYSpc.2.02i program. The results showed that induction of gamma-ray mutations led to phenotype diversity in several qualitative characters, namely plant habitus, leaf shapes, and fruit shapes, while two other characters, i.e., fruit calyx and the position of flowers remained uniform. The degree of intermutants at each dose of gamma ray mutation is varied. Qualitative characters that remained uniform in the mutant population (M1) were the calyx character of the fruit and the position. In the mutant population (M1), the results of mutations in gamma rays at doses of 100 Gy and 200 Gy were still found in individuals with characters 100% similar to control plants. Meanwhile, in the mutant population (M1), the results of mutations in gamma rays at a dose of 300 Gy were not found to have individuals with characters 100% similar to control plants. Keywords: Gamma ray, Mutation diversity, Prentul Kediri Cayenne Pepper
Comprehensive Overview of Hydrogen Production via Coal and Biomass Gasification Technologies
Authors: Al Nashrey Ahmed 
Published: October 2022

Gasification has been receiving interest on a global scale due to its varied uses and benefits. Hydrogen has been also found to be one of the promised fuels that can be produced by gasification. So, coal and biomass gasification has been studied widely. Energy conversion systems based on the use of biomass are of particular interest to science because of their potential to reduce global CO2 emissions. It has been found that BG is an efficient and sustainable route for the production of hydrogen. However, the market for biomass gasification is not yet developed sufficiently for widespread use. There is still a stage of diversity, and no dominating design has emerged. Thus, tar formation and high energy could be issues for implementing BG on a large scale. On the other hand, coal gasification is commercial technology and produces a high amount of syngas and a low cost of production compared to the BG. Therefore, this paper aims to make an overview of both processes in terms of technology and the perspective of their future.
Comments on The Experimental Proofs of Relativistic Length Contraction and Time Dilation by O. D. Jefimenko
Authors: Sfarti Adrian 
Published: October 2022

The subject of relativistic length contraction and relativistic time dilation appears very early in textbooks as well as in various forms in papers dedicated to teaching relativity. In his paper, O. D. Jefimenko considers “questionable” the experimental confirmations of these relativistic phenomena and offers an alternative explanation based on electromagnetic retardation. In the following short note, we will deconstruct Jefimenko’s proofs, and we will show their limitations.
Social Regulation of Witchcraft Among the Laguna People, Atchan (Ébrié), Southern Côte D'Ivoire, West Africa
Authors: Dagbé Ahodan Stéphane 
Published: October 2022

The objective of this research is to analyze the mechanisms of social regulation of witchcraft in Atchan's community and its consequences. This study took place in five Atchan (Ébrié) villages in the municipality of Songon (Autonomous District of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire). The survey was conducted among thirty-five individuals using a qualitative data collection technique. The study revealed that the issue of witchcraft can be dealt with in three ways: mistreatment, banishment, and religious approach. And yet the concept of witchcraft appears to take on a subjective character. The difficulty encountered on this issue relates to the availability of evidence and the causal link with alleged offenses. Despite its subjectivism, witchcraft remains a socio-cultural reality that causes many inconveniences to the accused and their families and the entire community. This situation challenges the public authorities and calls for solutions to take into account respect for human dignity.
Comparing some Traditional Western and African Conceptions of Personhood
Authors: Kahaka Makotoka , Maundeni Wazha 
Published: October 2022

This paper discusses the comparisons that have been made between traditional African and Western thoughts on the communitarian vis-à-vis individualistic conceptions of personhood where some dissimilarity between the two conceptions has been highlighted. While there has been a lot of emphasis on the dissimilarity that allegedly exists between the two camps, there has not been much discussion on the similarities or common features that may exist between the two camps regarding the concept of personhood. Focusing on a selected number of scholars, this paper discusses the comparisons that have been made between the traditional African and Western thoughts on the concept of personhood with a view to exploring if any similarities or areas of convergence exist between the two. The paper concludes that in addition to the differences in thought between the two camps on the concept of personhood, there are also some similarities that are worth noting.
Factors that impact recruitment and retention of veterinarians in emergency practice
Authors: Kogan Lori R. , Booth Matthew , Rishniw Mark 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To examine factors that impact emergency veterinarians’ decisions in selecting a place of employment and their perceptions of factors important in fostering a work environment conducive to long-term employment.

SAMPLE
433 Veterinary Information Network members who reported practicing emergency medicine in the US and were not diplomates of the American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care.

PROCEDURES
An electronic survey distributed via the Veterinary Information Network data collection portal, made available from May 25, 2022, through June 15, 2022.

RESULTS
Factors rated as most important in selecting a place of employment included working with a highly trained support staff and collegiality of coworkers. Factor analysis was used to extract factors that can influence emergency medicine practitioners’ views of a work environment conducive to long-term employment. The factor found to be most important was leadership. All factors, except for professional growth, were rated as more important by female practitioners when compared to male practitioners.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Aspects promoted in emergency medicine veterinarian recruitment efforts should include, in addition to the innate nature of the position, the elements identified as most attractive to current practitioners. By better understanding the impact of gender, children status, and years practicing emergency medicine on the relative importance in creating workplace environments conducive to long term employment, hospitals can be better equipped to meet the needs of both their current employees as well as potential new hires.
Morphometric and meristic characters of cultured and wild carp, Cyprinus carpio L., populations (southern Iraq)
Authors: Jawad Laith A. , Abed Jassim M. , Ibáñez Ana L. , Al-Faisal Abbas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate morphological differences between cultured and wild common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Wild specimens were collected from fishers operating in the waters of the Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq, while cultured specimens were obtained from the Aquaculture Unit of the Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq. Significant changes were detected in all eight morphometric and three meristic characters measured and counted. Boxplots by habitat and variable showed high divergence between the populations. The meristic counts were also higher in the cultured population, and, ultimately, the two populations diverged.
Indian and Chinese Metal Futures Markets: A Linkage Analysis
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Dhiman Babli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to test the long-run and short-run relationships between the Indian and Chinese metal futures markets using the weekly closing prices of three nonferrous metals, that is, copper, aluminium, and zinc, for the period of 2009–2020. The empirical results show no cointegration for any of the three metals. The Granger causality test suggests a unidirectional relationship from India to China for copper futures and bidirectional causality for aluminium and zinc futures markets. This paper contributes to the literature by studying the relationship between the mentioned two emerging markets, which are top producers and consumers in commodities and have growing futures markets. The results have important implications for investors, portfolio makers, and policymakers of emerging economies.
The Impact of Oil Price on Economic Growth in Middle-Income Oil-Importing Countries: A Non-Linear Panel ARDL Approach
Authors: Akinsola Motunrayo O. , Odhiambo N. M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, the impact of the crude oil price on economic growth is investigated in seven middle-income oil-importing countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), namely Botswana, Kenya, Mauritania, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, and Zambia. The estimation is based on both linear and non-linear panel autoregressive distributive lag (panel ARDL) models. The real oil price is decomposed into negative oil price shock and positive oil price shock in order to examine the non-linear impact of oil price on economic growth. Using an annual dataset from 1990 to 2018, it was found that in the symmetric model the oil price has a positive and significant impact on economic growth in the long run. The short-run estimates, however, show that the oil price has no significant impact on economic growth. The overall results from the asymmetric model also show that there is a non-linear relationship between oil price and economic growth in the studied countries.
Asset Allocation Strategies Using Covariance Matrix Estimators
Authors: László PáL 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The covariance matrix is an important element of many asset allocation strategies. The widely used sample covariance matrix estimator is unstable especially when the number of time observations is small and the number of assets is large or when high-dimensional data is involved in the computation. In this study, we focus on the most important estimators that are applied on a group of Markowitz-type strategies and also on a recently introduced method based on hierarchical tree clustering. The performance tests of the portfolio strategies using different covariance matrix estimators rely on the out-of-sample characteristics of synthetic and real stock data.