bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving diabetes care of community-dwelling underserved older adults
Authors: Marsh Zyrene , Teegala Yamini , Cotter Valerie 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Diabetes care among rural underserved older adults is negatively affected by social determinants of health (SDOH). Although there is an increased awareness of this problem, evidence-based clinical and community interventions are not widely integrated. This project implemented telemedicine and community health worker (CHW) interventions to improve diabetes management and outcomes.

Local Problem:
One in five older adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) at a Federally Qualified Health Center in southwest Ohio has uncontrolled disease, largely due to their limited resources and ability to participate in routine clinical management.

Methods:
This quality improvement project used a pre–post intervention design. Participants were adults aged ≥65 years with uncontrolled DM type 1 or 2. The outcomes of interest included A1C values, diabetes self-care activities, diabetes knowledge, and patient and health care provider (HCP) satisfaction levels.

Interventions:
The project involved biweekly CHW home visits and diabetes self-management education for 12 weeks. The CHWs, with supervision from a nurse practitioner, conducted SDOH assessments and basic education, and facilitated same-day telemedicine appointments with the HCP to reinforce disease management.

Results:
The A1C levels and diabetes knowledge of older adults significantly improved after three months. However, there were no statistically significant changes in diabetes self-care activities. The patients and HCPs were highly satisfied with the project interventions.

Conclusions:
This project delivered patient-centered and equitable diabetes care services that were previously unavailable to underserved older patients, while demonstrably improving outcomes. Future research should evaluate the cost-effectiveness, long-term impact, and sustainability of the project in other primary care settings.
Age-Based Mixing and Condom Use Patterns in Opposite-Sex Adult Partnerships in Hong Kong
Authors: Smith M. Kumi , Graham Matthew , Ong Jason J. , Tse Desiree , Wong William C.W. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Age-based sexual mixing data can guide design and implementation of sexually transmitted infection (STI) control interventions. It can also inform the parameterization of mathematical models of HIV and STI transmission. Data on mixing in heterosexual adults are uncommon, particularly in East Asian regions.

Methods
In June 2020, egocentric network data collected from sexually active adults in Hong Kong 18 or years participating in an online, population-based survey were used to assess age-dependent contacts and condom use patterns. Age-based mixing matrices of heterosexual partnerships were constructed separately according to sex and partnership type.

Results
Data from 1090 partnerships indicated highly assortative mixing among regular partners. Casual and commercial partners had larger age discrepancies, with both men and women reporting partners of the same age or younger age group. Regarding condom use, older age groups of both sexes reported less consistent use with all partner types. Particularly inconsistent use was noted in combinations of older men with younger casual/commercial female partners.

Conclusions
Our findings provide novel insights potentially useful for forming sexual health and STI control policy. First, the disassortative nature of casual and commercial partnerships in both men and women suggests that they may be a mechanism for the seeding of younger generations and therefore a target of health interventions. Second, health communications may wish to target older men in particular given their higher tendency to condomless sex with casual and commercial female partners in the youngest—and therefore most susceptible—age groups, indicating a lack of the sex symmetry that was observed in regular partnerships.
Consensus Minimal Dataset for Pediatric Emergency Medicine in Switzerland
Authors: Wismer Alice C. , Rakic Milenko , Kuehni Claudia E. , Jaboyedoff Manon , Romano Fabrizio , Kopp Matthias V. , Brandenberger Julia , Staubli Georg , Keitel Kristina 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
Standardized, harmonized data sets generated through routine clinical and administrative documentation can greatly accelerate the generation of evidence to improve patient care. The objective of this study was to define a pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) minimal dataset for Switzerland (Swiss PEM minimal dataset) and to contribute a subspecialty module to a national pediatric data harmonization process (SwissPedData).

Methods
We completed a modified Delphi survey, inviting experts from all major Swiss pediatric emergency departments (PEDs).

Results
Twelve experts from 10 Swiss PEDs, through 3 Delphi survey rounds and a moderated e-mail discussion, suggested a subspecialty module for PEM to complement the newly developed SwissPedData main common data model (CDM). The PEM subspecialty CDM contains 28 common data elements (CDEs) specific to PEM. Additional CDEs cover PEM-specific admission processes (type of arrival), timestamps (time of death), greater details on investigations and treatments received at the PED, and PEM procedures (eg, procedural sedation). In addition to the 28 CDEs specific to PEM, 43 items from the SwissPedData main CDM were selected to create a Swiss PEM minimal dataset. The final Swiss PEM minimal dataset was similar in scope and content to the registry of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network.

Conclusions
A practical minimal dataset for PEM in Switzerland was developed through recognized consensus methodology. The Swiss PEM minimal dataset developed by Swiss PEM experts will facilitate international data sharing for PEM research and quality improvement projects.
A Variational Inference Approach to Single-Cell Gene Regulatory Network Inference using Probabilistic Matrix Factorization
Authors: Mahmood Omar , Skok Gibbs Claudia , Bonneau Richard , Cho Kyunghyun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInferring gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from single cell data is challenging due to heuristic limitations and a lack of uncertainty estimates in existing methods. To address this, we present Probabilistic Matrix Factorization for Gene Regulatory Network Inference (PMF-GRN). Using single cell expression data, PMF-GRN infers latent factors capturing transcription factor activity and regulatory relationships, incorporating experimental evidence via prior distributions. By utilizing variational inference, we facilitate hyperparameter search for principled model selection and direct comparison to other generative models. We extensively test and benchmark our method using single cell datasets fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae, human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs), and BEELINE synthetic data. We discover that PMF-GRN infers GRNs more accurately than current state-of-the-art single-cell GRN inference methods, offering well-calibrated uncertainty estimates for additional interpretability.
Uncertainty revealed by delayed responses during olfactory matching
Authors: Bhowmik Rajdeep , Pardasani Meenakshi , Mahajan Sarang , Bhattacharjee Anindya S. , Konakamchi Sasank , Phadnis Shambhavi , Musthafa Thasneem , McGowan Eleanor , Srikanth Priyadharshini , Marathe Shruti D. , Abraham Nixon M. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTMatching of olfactory stimuli involves both sensory and higher cognitive functioning. Different decision processes such as detection and discrimination, along with holding the perceived information are involved during the matching process. Accuracy and decision times, the interdependent readouts, can define the uncertainty involved in matching of sensory stimuli. To probe sensory and cognitive functions involving olfactory system in human subjects, we have developed a novel olfactory matching paradigm using an automated custom-built olfactory-action meter. With precise and consistent odor delivery and real-time data analysis, our system automates the entire process without any intervention by the experimenter, making it suitable as a diagnostic tool for quantifying olfactory and neurocognitive fitness. In around 400 healthy human subjects, with mean detection accuracy of 90%, we observed significantly better olfactory matching performance for simple monomolecular odors, in comparison to complex binary odor mixtures. Odor matching accuracy declined significantly with the increase in odor complexity. Olfactory matching was more rapid when subjects made correct versus incorrect decisions, indicating perceptual certainty. Subjects also took longer matching time for complex odors compared to simple odor stimuli. Thus, olfactory matching that provides a combined readout of sensory and cognitive fitness, establishes a direct link between the performance accuracy and the certainty of decisions.
In silico labeling enables kinetic myelination assay in brightfield
Authors: Fang Jian , Bergsdorf Eun Yeong , Unterreiner Vincent , Greca Agustina La , Dergai Oleksandr , Claerr Isabelle , Luong-Nguyen Ngoc-Hong , Galuba Inga , Moutsatsos Ioannis , Hatakeyama Shinji , Groot-Kormelink Paul , Zeng Fanning , Zhang Xian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent advances with deep neural networks have shown the feasibility of acquiring brightfield images with transmitted light and applying in-silico labeling to predict fluorescent images. We have developed a novel in-silico labeling method based on a generative adversarial network and outperforms the state-of-the-art Unet method in generating realistic fluorescent images and quantitatively recapitulating real staining signals, as demonstrated in a complex co-culture myelination assay. Furthermore, we have performed the assay in live mode with multiple kinetic points, applied in-silico labeling to predict fluorescent images from brightfield and quantified the kinetic phenotypic changes. Thus, the proposed approach provides a potential tool to study the kinetics of cellular phenotypic changes with brightfield imaging.
A Corollary Discharge Circuit in Human Speech
Authors: Khalilian-Gourtani Amirhossein , Wang Ran , Chen Xupeng , Yu Leyao , Dugan Patricia , Friedman Daniel , Doyle Werner , Devinsky Orrin , Wang Yao , Flinker Adeen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhen we vocalize, our brain distinguishes self-generated sounds from external ones. A corollary discharge signal supports this function in animals, however, in humans its exact origin and temporal dynamics remain unknown. We report Electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings in neurosurgical patients and a novel connectivity approach based on Granger-causality that reveals major neural communications. We find a reproducible source for corollary discharge across multiple speech production paradigms localized to ventral speech motor cortex before speech articulation. The uncovered discharge predicts the degree of auditory cortex suppression during speech, its well-documented consequence. These results reveal the human corollary discharge source and timing with far-reaching implication for speech motor-control as well as auditory hallucinations in human psychosis.Significance statementHow do organisms dissociate self-generated sounds from external ones? A fundamental brain circuit across animals addresses this question by transmitting a blueprint of the motor signal to sensory cortices, referred to as a corollary discharge. However, in humans and non-human primates auditory system, the evidence supporting this circuit has been limited to its direct consequence, auditory suppression. Furthermore, an impaired corollary discharge circuit in humans can lead to auditory hallucinations. While hypothesized to originate in the frontal cortex, direct evidence localizing the source and timing of an auditory corollary discharge is lacking in humans. Leveraging rare human neurosurgical recordings combined with connectivity techniques, we elucidate the exact source and dynamics of the corollary discharge signal in human speech.One-sentence summaryWe reveal the source and timing of a corollary discharge from speech motor cortex onto auditory cortex in human speech.
Alternatively Spliced Landscape of PPARγ mRNA in Podocytes is Distinct from Adipose Tissue
Authors: Bryant Claire , Webb Amy , Banks Alexander S , Chandler Dawn , Govindarajan Rajgopal , Agrawal Shipra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPodocytes are highly differentiated epithelial cells, and their structural and functional integrity is compromised in a majority of glomerular and renal diseases, leading to proteinuria, chronic kidney disease, and kidney failure. Traditional agonists (e.g., pioglitazone) and selective modulators (e.g., GQ-16) of peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-γ (PPARγ) reduce proteinuria in animal models of glomerular disease and protect podocytes from injury via PPARγ activation. This indicates a pivotal role for PPARγ in maintaining glomerular function through preservation of podocytes distinct from its well-understood role in driving insulin sensitivity and adipogenesis. While its transcriptional role in activating adipokines and adipogenic genes is well-established in adipose tissue, liver and muscle, understanding of podocyte PPARγ signaling remains limited. We performed a comprehensive analysis of PPARγ mRNA variants due to alternative splicing, in human podocytes and compared with adipose tissue. We found that podocytes express the ubiquitous PPARγ Var 1 (encoding γ1) and not Var2 (encoding γ2), which is mostly restricted to adipose tissue and liver. Additionally, we detected expression at very low level of Var4, and barely detectable levels of other variants, Var3, Var11, VartORF4 and Var9, in podocytes. Furthermore, a distinct podocyte vs adipocyte PPAR-promoter-response-element containing gene expression, enrichment and pathway signature was observed, suggesting differential regulation by podocyte specific PPARγ1 variant, distinct from the adipocyte-specific γ2 variant. In summary, podocytes and glomeruli express several PPARγ variants, including Var1 (γ1) and excluding adipocyte-specific Var2 (γ2), which may have implications in podocyte specific signaling and pathophysiology. This suggests that new selective PPARγ modulators can be potentially developed that will be able to distinguish between the two forms, γ1 and γ2, thus forming a basis of novel targeted therapeutic avenues.
Selective attention reduces responses to relevant sounds in human auditory cortex
Authors: Lage-Castellanos Agustin , De Martino Federico , Ghose Geoffrey M. , Gulban Omer Faruk , Moerel Michelle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSelective attention enables the preferential processing of relevant stimulus aspects. Invasive animal studies have shown that attending a sound feature rapidly modifies neuronal tuning throughout the auditory cortex. Human neuroimaging studies have reported enhanced auditory cortical responses with selective attention. To date, it remains unclear how the results obtained with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in humans relate to the electrophysiological findings in animal models. Here we aim to close the gap between animal and human research by combining a selective attention task similar in design to those used in animal electrophysiology with high spatial resolution ultra-high field fMRI at 7 Tesla. Specifically, human participants perform a detection task, while the probability of target occurrence varies with sound frequency. Contrary to previous fMRI studies, we show that selective attention reduces responses to the attended frequencies in those neuronal populations preferring the attended frequency. Through population receptive field (pRF) mapping, we furthermore show that these response reductions are at least partially driven by frequency-induced pRF narrowing. The difference between our results to those of previous fMRI studies supports the notion that the influence of selective attention on auditory cortex is diverse and may depend on context, task, and auditory processing stage.
An ultra high-throughput, massively multiplexable, single-cell RNA-seq platform in yeasts
Authors: Brettner Leandra , Eder Rachel , Schmidlin Kara , Geiler-Samerotte Kerry 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTYeasts are naturally diverse, genetically tractable, and easy to grow in a myriad of experimental conditions such that researchers have the ability to investigate any number of genotypes, strains, environments, or the interaction thereof. However, studies of variation in the yeast transcriptome have been limited by the processing capabilities of available RNA sequencing techniques. Here we optimize a powerful, high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) platform for yeasts. This platform utilizes a combinatorial barcoding strategy to enable massively parallel RNA sequencing of hundreds of yeast genotypes or growth conditions at once. This method can be applied to most species or strains of yeast for a fraction of the cost of traditional scRNAseq approaches. Thus, our technology permits researchers to leverage “the awesome power of yeast” by allowing us to survey the transcriptome of hundreds of strains and environments in a short period of time, and with no specialized equipment. The key to this method is that sequential barcodes are probabilistically appended to cDNA copies of RNA while the molecules remain trapped inside of each cell. Thus, the transcriptome of each cell is labeled with a unique combination of barcodes. Since we use the cell membrane as a container for this reaction, many cells can be processed together without the need to physically isolate them from one another in separate wells or droplets. Further, the first barcode in the sequence can be chosen intentionally to identify samples from different environments or genetic backgrounds, enabling multiplexing of hundreds of unique samples in a single experiment. In addition to greater multiplexing capabilities, our method also facilitates a deeper investigation of biological heterogeneity given its single-cell nature. For example, in the data presented here we report transcriptionally distinct cell states related to cell cycle, growth rate, metabolic strategies, stress responses, etc. all within clonal yeast populations grown in the same environment. Hence, our technology has two obvious and impactful applications for yeast research: the first is the general study of transcriptional phenotypes across many strains and environments, and the second is investigating cell-to-cell heterogeneity across the entire transcriptome.
Zero emission and clean energy concept for campus area in hot-humid tropical climate
Authors: Winarto Yosafat , Purwani Ofita , Setyaningsih Wiwik , Triratma Bambang 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis research is oriented to the need for new ideas related to the concept of a green campus that respond to climate change. The concept is simulated with a campus area in Indonesia, a country that requires a lot of school planning for human resource development that requires clean, renewable energy and zero emissions in a humid tropical climate.Design/methodology/approachThe research was carried out in a mixed qualitative-quantitative method using field observations and literature studies through an approach to developing a pedagogical pattern of cognitive, affective and psychomotor, relevant theoretical studies and comprehensive analysis of all variables and aspects. Analysis through the parameter matrix of green buildings and green campuses to produce a zero emission and energy efficient campus area concept.FindingsThe concept of an integrated campus area model that can holistically save energy optimally and free from emissions and can produce graduates who are aware and have high cognitive, affective and psychomotor competencies toward environmental conservation efforts. Green campus design is not only physical design, but needs to be integrated with green curriculum content.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of this research is in the scope of architectural and environmental sciences.Practical implicationsThe practical implication of this research is a new green campus concept that is environmentally friendly and sustainable in a hot-humid tropical climate.Social implicationsThis research revives the cognitive, affective and psychomotor competencies of human individuals at the highest level to equip the ability to repair and maintain the environment. The research resulted in a refinement of the green campus concept that was integrated into the curriculum.Originality/valueA holistic and integrated green campus concept between the development of campus area design and human development aspects.
Determinants for food service market segmentation and contemporary consumers’ behaviours amid the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Górka – Chowaniec Agnieszka Katarzyna , Sikora Tadeusz 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis study aims to draw attention to consumers' behaviours which are changing on account of the COVID-19 pandemic, provide an understanding of the factors influencing these behaviours and emphasise their importance in building contemporary business models for the restaurant industry. The article is a case study of the Polish restaurant sector based on a comparison with the worldwide literature.Design/methodology/approachA study of the current literature on the subject pertaining to the issues discussed, an analysis of them, mainly by examining trade reports, with a special focus on the following databases (BDL GUS, CBOS, IGGP PKD) and foreign references, as well as Internet sources, using the systematic (structured) literature review (SLR) method. The authors searched the databases between May 2020 and May 2022, paying attention to the following keywords: COVID-19, consumer behaviours, food services, market segmentation, Poland.FindingsThe analysis allowed the authors to identify the most important factors influencing consumer behaviour under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. This in turn enabled them to verify a hypothesis concerning the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumers’ behaviours on the food service market. Results from an analysis of trade reports and from a literature review confirm the hypothesis proposed, leading to the conclusion that the contemporary reality in Poland currently requires businesses to continuously monitor consumers’ behaviours in a turbulent and uncertain environment.Research limitations/implicationsThe systematic identification of changes taking place in consumers’ behaviours will make it possible to adapt a portfolio of services to changes observed in this regard.Practical implicationsThe analysis conducted by the authors in 2021 to examine trends in consumer behaviours proved that changes affecting their thinking were undoubtedly accelerated by the pandemic of a contagious disease – COVID-19.Originality/valueSome consumer trends that appear to be a response to limits and restrictions may be observed for a longer period of time. Therefore, those restaurant owners who want to successfully go through the stage of adaptation to the new reality will have to focus, in the short term, on actions designed to identify their customers’ needs and expectations anew and tailor their business models and offer accordingly.