bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Conduction Band Inorganic Layers for Distinct Enhancement of Electrical Energy Storage in Polymer Nanocomposites
Authors: Zhu Yingke , Shen Zhonghui , Li Yong , Chai Bin , Chen Jie , Jiang Pingkai , Huang Xingyi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDielectric polymer nanocomposites are considered as one of the most promising candidates for high-power-density electrical energy storage applications. Inorganic nanofillers with high insulation property are frequently introduced into fluoropolymer to improve its breakdown strength and energy storage capability. Normally, inorganic nanofillers are thought to introducing traps into polymer matrix to suppress leakage current. However, how these nanofillers effect the leakage current is still unclear. Meanwhile, high dopant (> 5 vol%) is prerequisite for distinctly improved energy storage performance, which severely deteriorates the processing and mechanical property of polymer nanocomposites, hence brings high technical complication and cost. Herein, boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) layers are utilized for substantially improving the electrical energy storage capability of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite. Results reveal that the high conduction band minimum of BNNS produces energy barrier at the interface of adjacent layers, preventing the electron in PVDF from passing through inorganic layers, leading to suppressed leakage current and superior breakdown strength. Accompanied by improved Young’s modulus (from 1.2 GPa of PVDF to 1.6 GPa of nanocomposite), significantly boosted discharged energy density (14.3 J cm−3) and charge–discharge efficiency (75%) are realized in multilayered nanocomposites, which are 340 and 300% of PVDF (4.2 J cm−3, 25%). More importantly, thus remarkably boosted energy storage performance is accomplished by marginal BNNS. This work offers a new paradigm for developing dielectric nanocomposites with advanced energy storage performance.
Data-driven versus a domain-led approach to k-means clustering on an open heart failure dataset
Authors: Jasinska-Piadlo A. , Bond R. , Biglarbeigi P. , Brisk R. , Campbell P. , Browne F. , McEneaneny D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDomain-driven data mining of health care data poses unique challenges. The aim of this paper is to explore the advantages and the challenges of a ‘domain-led approach’ versus a data-driven approach to a k-means clustering experiment. For the purpose of this experiment, clinical experts in heart failure selected variables to be used during the k-means clustering, whilst during the ‘data-driven approach’ feature selection was performed by applying principal component analysis to the multidimensional dataset. Six out of seven features selected by physicians were amongst 26 features that contributed most to the significant principal components within the k-means algorithm. The data-driven approach showed advantage over the domain-led approach for feature selection by removing the risk of bias that can be introduced by domain experts. Whilst the ‘domain-led approach’ may potentially prohibit knowledge discovery that can be hidden behind variables not routinely taken into consideration as clinically important features, the domain knowledge played an important role at the interpretation stage of the clustering experiment providing insight into the context and preventing far fetched conclusions. The “data-driven approach” was accurate in identifying clusters with distinct features at the physiological level. To promote the domain-led data mining approach, as a result of this experiment we developed a practical checklist guiding how to enable the integration of the domain knowledge into the data mining project.
Identify multiple seeds for influence maximization by statistical physics approach and multi-hop coverage
Authors: Liao Fuxuan , Hayashi Yukio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFinding the influential vertexes as seeds in a real network is an important problem which relates to wide applications. However, some conventional heuristic methods do not consider the overlap phenomenon. In order to avoid the overlap of spreading, we propose a new method in combing the statistical physics approach and multi-hop coverage. We also propose a faster epidemic model which does not need the averaging of stochastic behavior. Through the computer simulation, the obtained results show that our method can outperforms other conventional methods in the meaning of stronger spreading power per seed.
Use of Functional Ink in a Smart Tag for Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Industry
Authors: Isohanni Jari 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry, current labelling solutions have challenges to meet the track & trace requirements. Currently, FMCG items use mainly paper-based self-adhesive labels with traditional barcodes. These labels are low priced and technically easy to produce and deploy. The shift towards advanced solutions, like radio frequency identification (RFID) or near field communication (NFC) tags, still does not offer a good enough cost/benefit ratio. These advanced solutions have a high unit price or require costly changes in production lines. Still, the industry recognizes the possibilities of smart tags. Recent research has shown that functional inks can operate as cheap sensors. However, more research is needed to take functional inks into the operational FMCG environment. This paper presents one technical solution for an FMCG smart tag. The proposed smart tag builds on traditional QR-Code and Datamatrix markers, printed with standard inks. However, it also has functional ink embedded inside the marker as a sensor. This research experiments how embedding impacts the overall performance of the smart tag decoding. And if the CIEDE2000 color difference algorithm can calculate the state of the sensor. Three different parameter combinations, CIEDE2000(1, 1, 1), CIEDE2000(2, 1, 1), CIEDE2000(2.76, 1.58, 1), and their accuracy are compared. Experiments show that the proposed approach does not negatively affect the decoding performance. And that a color comparison can detect sensor states, especially when the functional ink has high enough color intensity. Between different parameters, CIEDE2000(2.76, 1.58, 1) performed best, especially in the low-intensity test. However, some future research needs to address absolute color value detection and the accuracy of color recognition; especially when if the color has low intensity.
Mapping diversity: from ecology and human geography to urbanism and culture
Authors: Baciu Dan C. , Mi Duola , Birchall Callum , Della Pietra Diana , van Loevezijn Luca , Nazou Anna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA large body of research across science and humanities has come to deal with diversity, which, as a scientific concept, has proved immensely relevant in helping researchers understand anything from ecosystems and natural habitats to cities and culture. Here, we develop a first method to quantify and map urban diversity. Our article begins with a concrete example through which we demonstrate how to apply a basic version of our method to create a diversity map for a given urban area. This map is easy to interpret and can be used to accurately locate the most diverse centers of urban activity. We then go on to show how our basic method can be expanded to quantify many different types of urban diversity, and how it can be used to create regional and global diversity maps. Such diversity maps are relevant in both studying diversity and modeling the dynamics of diversification in urban environments. We conclude the article by making a bridge to other scientific disciplines, and by proposing six key steps that may serve as a foundation for a general framework for the evaluation and mapping of diversity across all fields of science.
Is AI recruiting (un)ethical? A human rights perspective on the use of AI for hiring
Authors: Hunkenschroer Anna Lena , Kriebitz Alexander 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in organizations’ recruiting and selection procedures has become commonplace in business practice; accordingly, research on AI recruiting has increased substantially in recent years. But, though various articles have highlighted the potential opportunities and ethical risks of AI recruiting, the topic has not been normatively assessed yet. We aim to fill this gap by providing an ethical analysis of AI recruiting from a human rights perspective. In doing so, we elaborate on human rights’ theoretical implications for corporate use of AI-driven hiring solutions. Therefore, we analyze whether AI hiring practices inherently conflict with the concepts of validity, autonomy, nondiscrimination, privacy, and transparency, which represent the main human rights relevant in this context. Concluding that these concepts are not at odds, we then use existing legal and ethical implications to determine organizations’ responsibility to enforce and realize human rights standards in the context of AI recruiting.
Lie Symmetry Analysis and Conservation Laws for the (2 + 1)-Dimensional Dispersionless B-Type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili Equation
Authors: Zhao Qiulan , Wang Huanjin , Li Xinyue , Li Chuanzhong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Lie symmetry analysis is adopted to the (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersionless B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (dBKP) equation. The combination of symmetry analysis and symbolic computing methods proves that Lie algebra of infinitesimal symmetry of the dBKP equation depends on four independent arbitrary functions and one arbitrary parameter. The Lie algebra is reduced to four classes for deriving commutative relations, group invariant solutions of dBKP equation and conservation laws, and the optimal system of 1-dimensional subalgebras from one class is constructed. Based on the optimal system and other particular infinitesimal symmetries, plentiful symmetry reductions and invariant solutions are computed by using Lie group method. Six successive symmetries and conserved quantities of the dBKP equation are linked by the new conservation theorem. Besides, exact solution of the dBKP equation is constructed according to a conservation vector.
Public managers’ trust in citizens and their preferences for behavioral policy instruments: evidence from a mixed-methods study
Authors: Migchelbrink Koen , Raymaekers Pieter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLocal public managers increasingly use behavioral policy instruments to influence the behavior of citizens. However, despite their increased reliance on these instruments, there is little evidence on why local public manager would prefer behavioral instruments over classic stick, carrot or sermon-type instruments. We conduct a mixed-methods study, combining a stated-preference survey and two focus groups, to examine whether senior local public managers (directors and deputy directors) in Flanders prefer behavioral policy instruments over classic stick, carrot and sermon-type instruments, and explore whether their trust in citizens (perceptions of citizen's ability, benevolence and integrity) affects these preferences for policy instruments. The results indicate that in some policy areas, such as health, public nuisance and road safety, public managers appear more willing to use behavioral policy instruments than classic sticks and carrots, but not sermons. Furthermore, we find that public managers’ trust in citizens does not appear to significantly affect their preferences for policy instruments, but that political and economic motives do play a role in their preferences for behavioral policy instruments. Finally, the results also indicate that the simultaneous use of behavioral and classic policy instruments (packaging) can help mediate the perceived risks of citizens’ non-compliance with behavioral policy instruments.
Smart Contracts, Consumer Protection, and Competing European Narratives of Private Law
Authors: Maugeri Marisaria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe author makes brief Considerations on the Treatment of the Theme of the Relationship Between New Technologies and Private Law. In particular, she believes that the criticism of Lessig’s statement according to which “the values of real-space sovereigns will at first lose out” is correct, adding, however, that one must monitor the evolution of new technologies. We are, in fact, at the crossroads of a technological revolution which, as jurists, we are not able to fully understand. The author also questions the position taken in the volume on the US neoliberal approach v. European solidarity approach, inviting the authors to question the difference between the narrative that sees the European system as all about ensuring solidarity and the reality about the economic thinking that informs the different disciplines. Finally, she takes a position on the relationship between ordoliberalism and consumer protection.
Adherence to a traditional Mexican diet and non-communicable disease-related outcomes: secondary data analysis of the cross-sectional Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey
Authors: Valerino-Perea Selene , Armstrong Miranda E. G. , Papadaki Angeliki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the association between adherence to a traditional Mexican diet (TMexD) and obesity, diabetes and CVD-related outcomes in secondary data analysis of the cross-sectional Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018–2019. Data from 10 180 Mexican adults were included, collected via visits to randomly selected households by trained personnel. Adherence to the TMexD (characterised by mostly plant-based foods like maize, legumes and vegetables) was measured through an adapted version of a recently developed TMexD index, using FFQ data. Outcomes included obesity (anthropometric measurements), diabetes (biomarkers and diagnosis) and CVD (lipid biomarkers, blood pressure, hypertension diagnosis and CVD event diagnosis) variables. Percentage differences and OR for presenting non-communicable disease (NCD)-related outcomes (with 95 % CI) were measured using multiple linear and logistic regression, respectively, adjusted for relevant covariates. Sensitivity analyses were conducted according to sex, excluding people with an NCD diagnosis and using multiple imputation. In fully adjusted models, high, compared with low, TMexD adherence was associated with lower insulin (−9·8 %; 95 % CI (−16·0, −3·3)), LDL-cholesterol (−4·3 %; 95 % CI (−6·9, −1·5)), non-HDL-cholesterol (−3·9 %; 95 % CI (−6·1, −1·7)) and total cholesterol (−3·5 %; 95 % CI (−5·2, −1·8)) concentrations. Men and those with no NCD diagnosis had overall stronger associations. Effect sizes were smaller, and associations weakened in multiple imputation models. No other associations were observed. While results may have been limited due to the adaptation of a previously developed index, the results highlight the potential association between the TMexD and lower insulin and cholesterol concentrations in Mexican adults.
SOVEREIGNTY FICTIONS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM'S TRADE AGENDA
Authors: Gammage Clair , Syrpis Philip 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article explores how sovereignty fictions have been used to advance different legal, political and economic aims in the articulation of the United Kingdom's future approach to global regulation. By mapping the transformative shifts in sovereignty paradigms, this article highlights the disconnect between the absolutist sovereignty popularised in the UK government's political rhetoric and the concept of regulatory sovereignty that underpins the UK's future trading strategy. To maintain its status as a global leader in regulation and standards-setting, the UK government will need to diffuse power and delegate autonomy through networked orders of public and private actors. These competing sovereignty paradigms are analysed with reference to European Union (EU) law and practice, to highlight the opportunities and challenges for the UK as an independent trade actor. This article concludes by evaluating how sovereignty fictions can disrupt the objectives of the UK's proposed ‘common law’ approach to regulatory governance and discusses the policy interventions that may be required to enable the UK to harness its potential as a regulatory leader.
THE FINAL FRONTIER OF CYBERSPACE: THE SEABED BEYOND NATIONAL JURISDICTION AND THE PROTECTION OF SUBMARINE CABLES
Authors: Guilfoyle Douglas , Paige Tamsin Phillipa , McLaughlin Rob 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCyberspace is now acknowledged not only as the newest domain of warfare, but also as a space vital to economic, educational and cultural development for all States. This thin consensus ignores the fundamental fact that the backbone of cyber infrastructure—submarine telecommunication cables—is not (for the large part) located within sovereign territorial jurisdiction. The radically increased reliance of States upon submarine data cables emphasises their vulnerability to damage by malicious acts, accidents, or natural phenomena. Faced with these problems, legal analysis has tended to identify gaps or deficiencies in the law, and propose the creation of new legal instruments. The contribution of this article is twofold. First, it expands the frame of analysis to include deliberate damage to cables not only in peacetime but under the law of armed conflict. Second, rather than treating the legal framework as inherently deficient, it considers the extent to which existing rules and principles can be progressively developed, interpreted, or creatively applied to close perceived gaps. This article surveys the existing law specific to the protection of submarine cables and assesses how general principles of the law of the sea, State responsibility, the law on the use of force, and the law of armed conflict apply to this problem. It thus considers in turn the applicable ‘law of peace’, the jus ad bellum and the jus in bello.
Somatic maintenance/reproduction tradeoffs and human evolution
Authors: Hawkes Kristen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe authors propose that many morbidities higher in women than men are adaptations protecting survival, selected because survival has been especially crucial to mothers' reproductive success. Following their lead, I pursue variation in tradeoffs between reproduction and survival recognized by Darwin that were likely central to the evolution of many traits that distinguish us from our great ape cousins.
Pathological complexity and the evolution of sex differences
Authors: Veit Walter , Browning Heather 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBenenson et al. provide a compelling case for treating greater investment into self-protection among females as an adaptive strategy. Here, we wish to expand their proposed adaptive explanation by placing it squarely in modern state-based and behavioural life-history theory, drawing on Veit'spathological complexityframework. This allows us to make sense of alternative “lifestyle” strategies, rather than pathologizing them.
“Staying alive” in the context of intimate partner abuse
Authors: Humeny Courtney 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Females are disproportionately affected by intimate partner abuse that can result in severe physical and mental harm. Benenson et al. provide little exploration of how female-evolved traits enhance females' survival in abusive relationships. Discussion centres on “why” females do not “just leave” an abusive relationship and the effectiveness of female-evolved traits in navigating intimate partner abuse over time.
Only as a last resort: Sociocultural differences between women and men explain women's heightened reaction to threat, not evolutionary principles
Authors: Huntsinger Jeffrey R. , Raoul Akila 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe target article proposed that women display greater self-protectiveness than men to major physical and social threats because such self-protective responses have higher fitness value for women than men. Rather than having evolutionary roots, we suggest the various physiological, behavioral, and emotional responses to social and physical threats exhibited more by women than men are instead rooted in sociocultural forces.
Sex differences are insufficient evidence of ecological adaptations in human females
Authors: Aung Toe , Baek Sojung , Puts David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBenenson et al. postulate that human females evolved unique survival adaptations to facilitate maternal and grandmaternal care. This hypothesis is consistent with the broader hypothesis that female phenotypes are more ecologically optimal, but further evidence is needed to make a compelling case that sex differences in self-protection are not primarily the result of more intense sexual selection on males.
Beyond individual sex differences: “Staying alive theory” as an adaptive complex
Authors: Archer John 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtended staying alive theory (SAT) raises the issue of the extent to which its various attributes are linked or whether they provide alternative means to the same adaptive ends. Theories such as SAT that consider an array of sex differences may benefit from the application of the multivariateDstatistic, rather than using a series ofdvalues, as is common at present.
Females undergo selection too
Authors: Benenson Joyce F. , Webb Christine E. , Wrangham Richard W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtending Campbell's (1999) staying alive theory (SAT) beyond aggression, we reviewed evidence that females are more self-protective than males. Many commentators provided additional supporting data. Sex differences in life-history adaptations, in the optimal relation between survival and reproduction, and in the mechanisms underlying trade-offs involved with self-protection remain important topics with numerous opportunities for improved understanding.
Pubertal timing moderates the same-day coupling between family hassles and negative affect in girls and boys
Authors: Gajos Jamie M. , Russell Michael A. , Odgers Candice L. , Hoyle Rick H. , Copeland William E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study examined the association between pubertal timing, daily affect, conduct problems, and the exposure to hassles across family, peer, and school contexts. Adolescents (Mage= 12.27; 49.7% female; 62.6% White) completed ecological momentary assessments across 14 consecutive days (N= 388). Earlier maturing girls reported lower daily averages of positive affect compared to their same-sex, same-age peers. We did not find evidence for a relationship between pubertal timing and daily negative affect or conduct problems in girls, nor for daily negative and positive affect or conduct problems in boys. However, pubertal timing did moderate the day-level association between average negative affect and family hassles for both girls and boys. When experiencing more family hassles, earlier maturing girls reported greater negative affect relative to later maturing girls who experienced family hassles. In contrast, later maturing boys, relative to earlier maturing boys, reported higher levels of negative affect in the context of family hassles.