bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CENTRAL SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE PREDICTS BIOMARKERS OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND THROMBOINFLAMMATION IN A LARGE COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS DEGREE OF CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN
Authors: Gavriilaki Eleni , Lazaridis Antonios , Nikolaidou Barbara , Dolgyras Panagiotis , Anyfanti Panagiota , Vasileiadis Ioannis , Margouta Anastasia , Alexandrou Maria Eleni , Goulas Kyriakos , Yiannaki Efthalia , Triantafyllou Areti , Markala Dimitra , Zarifis Ioannis , Sarafidis Pantelis , Douma Stella , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Circulating microvesicles (MVs) emerge as biomarkers of endothelial injury and thrombosis, primarily in cardiovascular (CV) disease. Therefore, we measured endothelial (EMVs), platelet (PMVs) and erythrocyte MVs (RMVs) in patients with various degree of CV burden. We then sought to compare them to coronary artery disease (CAD), as positive, and to healthy subjects, free from CV risk factors, as negative controls. We finally identified independent predictors of MVs.

Design and method:
We enrolled consecutive patients from our Cardiology, Hypertension, Diabetic, Rheumatic, and Nephrology Outpatient Units with available MVs measurements. Central blood pressure (BP) was measured by either applanation tonometry or Mobil-O-graph device, while MVs by a previously described, standardized flow cytometry protocol.

Results:
We studied 369 participants with increased CV risk: 63 with CAD equivalent (47 diabetes mellitus type II/DM and 16 end-stage renal disease), 92 with chronic inflammatory disorders and 73 with essential hypertension/EH. We further included 53 subjects with CAD as positive and 87 otherwise healthy as negative controls. All MVs were lower in patients with increased CV risk as compared to positive controls (p < 0.001 for all). In addition, PMVs (p = 0.045) and EMVs (p = 0.028) were increased in patients with increased CV risk as compared to negative controls. Between patients with increased CV risk, those with CAD equivalent had increased EMVs versus EH (p = 0.002) and chronic inflammatory disorders (p = 0.021).
In the whole cohort, RMVs were associated only with the presence of EH (beta = 0.119/p = 0.029). In univariate analysis, PMVs were significantly associated with body mass index/BMI (beta = 0.192/p < 0.001), office and central systolic BP (beta = 0.114/p = 0.031 and beta = 0.131/p = 0.015, respectively). EMVs were associated with age (beta = 0.195/p < 0.001), BMI (beta = 0.108/p = 0.042), office and central systolic BP (beta = 0.159/p = 0.003 and beta = 0.172/p = 0.001, respectively), DM (beta = 0.302/p < 0.001), EH (beta = 0.171/p = 0.002), and dyslipidemia (beta = 0.176/p = 0.001).
In multivariate analysis, central systolic BP (beta = 0.150/p = 0.006) predicted PMVs, independently of BMI. Age (beta = 0.141/p = 0.011), central systolic BP (beta = 0.219/p < 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (beta = 0.236/p < 0.001) predicted EMVs, independently of age and dyslipidemia.

Conclusions:
In a large cohort of patients with divergent CV risk, MVs emerge as potential biomarkers. Central systolic BP is a strong predictor of MVs levels highlighting its predictive value for CV outcomes.
MID-REGIONAL PROADRENOMEDULLIN (MR-PROADM) AS A BIOMARKER IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND HYPERTENSION - STUDY CONTINUATION
Authors: Czajkowska Katarzyna , Zbroch Edyta , Bielach-Bazyluk Angelika , Koc-Zorawska Ewa , Kakareko Katarzyna , Rydzewska-Rosolowska Alicja , Hryszko Tomasz 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Assessment of MR-proADM serum concentration as a biomarker in patients with CKD and arterial hypertension.

Design and method:
Our study included a single-center cohort of 160 patients admitted to the Second Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit Medical University of Bialystok with CKD treated conservatively. The concentration of MR-proADM were measured in the serum of patients and the control group (27 healthy volunteers). The statistical analysis included past medical history, the stages of CKD, the presence and degree of control of arterial hypertension, and the presence of cardiovascular diseases.

Results:
Patients with CKD had higher serum MR-proADM concentrations compared to the control group (62,61 [45,67–81,39] vs 224 [143,95–293,35] pg/mL, p < 0,0001). The median MR-proADM concentration in each stage was not statistically different.
There was a significant positive correlation between MR-proADM and the dimension of the left ventricle (R = 0,25; p = 0,009) with glucose concentration (R = 0,19; p = 0,017) and a negative correlation with serum iron concentration (R = -0,20; p = 0,03). There were no significant differences in the plasma concentration of MR-proADM depending on the degree of hypertension control.

Conclusions:
In larger group of CKD patients, an increased serum concentration of MR-proADM was confirmed. Left ventricular hypertrophy found in echocardiography was associated with higher serum concentrations of MR-proADM. To assess the usefulness of this hormone as a prognostic biomarker of CKD or cardiovascular risk, further studies in larger groups still are required.
COMPARISON OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND PULSE PRESSURE VALUES IN THE BRACHIAL ARTERY AND IN CENTRAL AORTA MEASURED BY OUTPATIENT NON-INVASIVE METHODS IN DIFFERENT PATIENT POPULATION GROUP
Authors: Vujicic Bozidar , Margeta Tea Vrdoljak , Vujic Sofija , Petrac Nevia , Devcic Bosiljka , Racki Sanjin 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim of our study was to compare the values of blood pressure (BP) and pulse pressure (PP) in the brachial artery and in the central aorta by outpatient non-invasive methods in different patients age groups and according to the presence of chronic renal disease and diabetes.

Design and method:
The study included 110 outpatients older than 18 years of age with diagnosed and treated arterial hypertension (AH), under the care of Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka in the period from June 1 to December 1, 2021. Peripheral BP, PP, and central aortic pressure (CAP) were measured in all patients on the same day. The average values of peripheral arterial pressure and the corresponding PP were obtained by the method of continuous blood pressure monitoring (CBPM). CAP and associated PP were measured on the same day by the method of radial arterial tonometry. Patients were divided into three groups according to the age (18–44 years, group I; 45–64 years, group II, and > 65 years, group III). Systolic and diastolic peripheral blood pressure (SPBP, DPBP), systolic CAP and diastolic CAP (SCAP, DCAP), and both peripheral and central PP (PPP, CPP) were nalysed among groups and according to the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Results:
In total, 98 patients were nalysed (mean age 55,08 ± 15,52 years; 79,6% essential hypertension; diabetics 12,23%; 26,53% CKD; 48,98% men). There were significant positive correlations between SPBP and SCAP, DPBP and DCAP, and PPP and CPP in group I and group III. There was no significant correlation between SPBP and SCAP (r = 0,268), and there were significant correlations between DPBP and DCAP, and PPP and CPP in group II. According to the presence of CKD, there was no significant correlation between SPBP and SCAP (r = 0,104), and there were positive correlations between DPBP and DCAP, and PPP and CPP.

Conclusions:
There was no significant correlation between SPBP and SCAP in 45–65 years old and CKD group, which tells us in favor of the atherosclerosis variability in these patient groups, which was expected. Further research on greater number of patients should be done.
COMPARISON OF BLOOD PRESSURE VALUES FROM SEQUENTIAL CONVENTIONAL AND AVERAGE MODE MEASUREMENT
Authors: Da Silva Marco Antonio Vieira , Antonio Luiz , De Resende Pertili R. , Dias Valdo Jose , Vieira Livia Marchiori , Mesquita Mariana Dornfeld Soffiati , Segawa Maria Eduarda Fernanes , Ferreira Pedro Paulo Soares , De Freitas Rocha Nogueira Marianna , Dos Santos Flavia Hermano Rodrigues , Dos Santos Giovanna C. Ferreira , Oliveira Guilherme Rodrigues , Rodovalho Euler De Oliveira , Filho Andre Breda Bauab , Pasquar Danilo R. Goulart , Martins Maria Julia Sousa 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To compare blood pressure (BP) values from conventional sequential measurements against average mode measurements.

Design and method:
We selected two samples of individuals with non-treated suspected hypertension. A trained nurse filled a standardized questionnaire with demographic, clinical data, measured BP, weight, height, and waist circumference, and installed an AMBP. We conducted sequential measurements in both. In one, we used an automatic device without average mode (Microlife-BP3BTOA (Onbo Electronics Co., Shenzhen, China). The individuals measured their BP in a conventional way (group-1); seven times, with an interval of 1 minute between them. Unlike the other (group-2), a device with average mode (Micro life- BP3AC1–1PC - Onbo Electronics Co., Shenzhen, China) measured blood pressure twice (BP1–3, BP4–6); in each measurement, and automatically took 3 BP every 15 seconds and delivered a mean. We calculated in group-1 the mean of tree first measures (BP1–3) and from four to six (BP4–6). We calculated proportions and means to characterize the samples and the t-test and chi-squared to show a significant difference between them. Also, the Bland Altman plot considered the agreement BP1–3 and BP4–6 with awake BP (ABP) in two groups.

Results:
Table 1 shows the main clinical characteristics and BP values of both groups. The proportion of women was higher in group-2 than group-1. Diastolic BP4–6 from group-2 87.8 ± 10.7 mmHg was significant higher than group-1 85.0 ± 10.7 mmHg (P = 0.0001). There wasn’t any difference for other comparisons.
Figure 1 shows the Bland Altman plot of the agreement between BP1–3, BP4–6, and ABP in two groups. The BP1–3 and BP4-6 indicate a good agreement with ABP in both groups.

Conclusions:
Our data shows that the BP values delivered in the average mode are as precise as those in a conventional method. And spend less time to conclude the measurements.
SYSTOLIC VERSUS DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AS PREDICTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AMONG TREATED HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: A 6-YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Kouremeti Maria , Konstantinidis Dimitrios , Andrikou Ioannis , Terentes-Printzios Dimitrios , Leontsinis Ioannis , Polyzos Dimitrios , Drogkaris Sotirios , Manta Eleni , Tatakis Fotis , Zamanis Ioannis , Siafi Eirini , Dimitriadis Kyriakos , Grigoriou Kalliopi , Fragoulis Christos , Iliakis Panagiotis , Tsioufis Konstantinos 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Little is known regarding the association of systolic versus diastolic BP with CV outcomes especially in hypertensive patients under treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the risk of CV event among different components of BP in treated hypertensive patients.

Design and method:
We followed up 1362 treated hypertensive patients, without history of CV disease, aged 40 to 80 years old (mean age 60years old), for a mean period of 6 years. Patients were classified into 4 groups, controlled hypertension, uncontrolled systolic BP (SBP), uncontrolled diastolic BP (DBP), uncontrolled SBP and DBP. All subjects had at least one visit per year and at baseline underwent blood sampling, echocardiographic study. The primary endpoint was CV events, which included coronary artery disease and stroke.

Results:
Patients of the uncontrolled SBP group were older than the other groups (p < 0.0001), with higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Hypertensive patients with uncontrolled systolic-diastolic BP were more often males by 57% (p = 0.003), with higher BMI (29.2 ± 4.3, p = 0.003), resting HR (77.2 ± 11.4, p < 0.0001), LDL-chol (137.9 ± 35.2) and eGFR (80.6 ± 18.6, p = 0.004) in comparison with the others. Patients with uncontrolled DBP were younger than the other groups (53 ± 9years). Patients who belong in uncontrolled systolic-diastolic BP and uncontrolled SBP groups had greater LVMi and LVH than patients with uncontrolled DBP. The incidence of cardiovascular morbidity over the follow-up period was 3,6% (n = 54). In Cox regression models all BP phenotypes were related to increased CV risk apart from isolated DBP. More specifically, after adjustment, compared to controlled BP, uncontrolled SBP was associated with a 2.14 times greater CV risk (p = 0.04), while patients with both uncontrolled systolic and diastolic BP showed the worse prognosis (HR:2.88, p = 0.005).

Conclusions:
SBP is a significant predictor of adverse cardiovascular events in treated hypertensive patients in contrast to DBP, the levels of which seem to influence the cardiovascular prognosis only when combined with high SBP levels. Our results indicate that in clinical practice a well-controlled SBP should be the primary goal of antihypertensive treatment.
AUTOMATED OFFICE BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT ASSITED BY INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEO IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Toba Ayumi , Ishikawa Joji , Harada Kazumasa 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Automated office blood pressure (AOBP) is a better estimate of true blood pressure (BP) than clinic BP by physicians; however, measurement is complicated and requires some assistance by medical staffs especially for elderly patients. Video instruction explaining how to measure AOBP would be helpful to guide patients to measure AOBP by themselves.

Design and method:
We enrolled 75 hypertensive patients. AOBP was measured 3 times with one minute interval after 5 minutes of rest by automated BP device (A&D UM-212BLE) with assistance of instructional video. Instructional video was designed originally to describe the way to attach the cuff, press the button, and stay quiet and measure BP in appropriate position. Clinic BP by physician was measured 3 times using the same device. The sequence of AOBP and clinic BP was andomised. Perceived stress when measuring AOBP and clinic BP were evaluated by visual scale analogue. Home BP was taken 5 consecutive days using A&D UA-651BLE Plus.

Results:
Mean age was 74.5 ± 10.6 (57% men), and 96% of the patients were taking antihypertensive drugs. Mean AOBP, clinic BP, home BP were 135.2 ± 17.2/81.3 ± 11.1, 139.3 ± 16.3/78.6 ± 10.9, 129.2 ± 16.7/72.7 ± 8.9 mmHg respectively. Mean systolic AOBP was significantly lower than clinic BP (4.1 ± 12.2, p = 0.005), and significantly higher than home BP (6.1 ± 17.5, p = 0.004). Mean diastolic AOBP was significantly higher than clinic BP (-2.7 ± 6.0, p < 0.001), and significantly higher than home BP (8.6 ± 8.8, p < 0.001). Difference between AOBP and home BP was associated with magnitude of mental stress when measuring AOBP (r = 0.289, p = 0.013). In a multivariate analysis, mental stress when measuring AOBP was a predictor of difference between AOBP and home BP after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and average of home BP (p < 0.001). AOBP and clinic BP were higher among patients who felt stressed when measuring AOBP (r = 0.386, p < 0.001 for AOBP, r = 0.308, p = 0.008 for clinic BP).

Conclusions:
AOBP measured with assistance of instructional video were significantly lower than clinic BP and higher than home BP, and the differences were determined by magnitude of mental stress associated with AOBP and clinic BP measurement.
HIGH VERSUS LOW MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY DURING 24-HOUR AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CROSSOVER STUDY
Authors: Thomsen Martin , Nyvad Jakob Tobias , Reinhard Mark , Christensen Kent Lodberg , Buus Niels Henrik 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
We investigated whether the cuff inflation interval affects 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) values in patients with hypertension (HT).

Design and method:
HT patients (18+ years), typically with office BP above treatment target, were recruited from the hospital hypertension clinic and from 2 private cardiology clinics. Using a crossover study design, the participants were andomised to either a high or a low measurement frequency ABPM (HF-ABPM and LF-ABPM, respectively). HF-ABPM measured 3 times hourly during daytime and 2 times hourly during nighttime, while LF-ABPM measured BP once hourly throughout 24-hours. A second ABPM with opposite protocol was performed within 2–14 days after the first ABPM. Patients were instructed to keep daily activities alike on both days, and no changes in medication were allowed between measurements. To investigate the cuff inflation frequency on different BP levels, patients were assigned into 3 groups based on daytime systolic BP (SBP): normotension (<135 mmHg), mild HT (135–154 mmHg), and moderate/severe HT (>154 mmHg).

Results:
Data from 112 patients were andomis: 38 with normotension, 47 with mild HT, and 27 with moderate/severe HT. Mean age was 57.4 years (SD 14.5) and 45.6% were women. The percentage of successful measurements were 93.7% for HF-ABPM and 94.4% for LF-ABPM. Overall mean SBP was 137.1 mmHg (SD 15.5) for HF-ABPM and 138.0 mmHg (SD 16.3) for LF-ABPM with a difference of -0.9 mmHg (95% CI = -2.4; 0.5). The range in individual differences was however large, with 95% limits of agreement being -16.0;14.1 mmHg (Fig. 1). Mean SBP differences were -1.2 mmHg (95% CI = -3.5;1.2) for normotensives; 0.1 mmHg (-2.2; 2.4) in mild HT and -2.4 mmHg (-5.3; 0.5) in moderate/severe HT. These differences were not statistically different nor of relevant clinical significance.

Conclusions:
This is the first andomised study investigating whether cuff inflation frequency affects BP during a full 24-hour ABPM. In an adequately sized cohort, we found no difference between the two measurements strategies. Fewer measurements during ABPM could reduce discomfort and possibly increase acceptance of repeated ABPM recordings.
BLOOD PRESSURE ESTIMATION VIA THE OPTIBP MOBILE APPLICATION - PERFORMANCES ACROSS DIFFERENT BODY MASS INDEX
Authors: Caillat Mary , Degott Jean , Wuerzner Arlène , Proença Martin , Bonnier Guillaume , Knebel Jean-François , Stoll Chloé , Christen Urvan , Durgnat Virginie , Burnier Michel , Wuerzner Grégoire , Schoettker Patrick 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The association between overweight-obesity and hypertension is well known with both pathologies considered as public health priorities. The current reference techniques for Blood Pressure (BP) measurement represent a challenge in the obese population since the cuff may not be fully adapted to patient’s anatomy. OptiBP mobile application is a cuffless approach that estimates BP with the patient’s fingertip on the camera of a smartphone that could improve access to the measure while decreasing the challenges related to the cuff-based technique.

Design and method:
This study assessed the accuracy of OptiBP across different Body Mass Index (BMI) categories via a dedicated analysis of an existing dataset from a previously published clinical study (NCT038752488). The study protocol followed the ISO 81060–2:2018 standard for “Non-invasive sphygmomanometers - Clinical investigation of intermittent automated measurement type’’ adapted for a cuffless device. The performance of OptiBP was assessed with ISO 81060–2 Criterion 1 - the mean error value between the reference BP value and the estimated BP - and Criterion 2 - standard deviation of the patients’ mean error on 414 valid recordings obtained from 95 patients. Patients were divided in three BMI categories according to WHO classification (Table 1).

Results:
Data processing shows an acceptance of OptiBP recordings of 82% suggesting a high quality dataset. Results show that OptiBP estimations ulfil Criterion 1 with a mean error lower than ± 5 mmHg and SD < = 8mmHg for systolic BP and diastolic BP in each subgroup (Table 2) and Criterion 2 with all calculated values under the passing threshold (Table 3). The accuracy of these estimations are strengthened by absolute error proportions in accordance with the recommendations of the European Society of Hypertension and clinically relevant margin of error (error-grid analysis; at least 98% of “no risk’’ range).

Conclusions:
Altogether these results illustrate the accuracy of OptiBP estimation regardless of the patient’s BMI. This is a further step toward reliable, comfortable and inclusive medical care for all population diversity. Further research is in progress to improve the algorithm and validate it across other population diversities and pathologies.
FOREARM COPMARED TO UPPER ARM BLOOD PRESSURE READINGS
Authors: Stojanovic Milos , Vujovic Svetlana , Ivovic Miomira , Gajic Milina Tancic , Marina Ljilja , Miletic Marija , Nedeljkovic Biljana Beleslin , Stojkovic Mirjana , Ciric Jasmina , Parapid Biljana , Zarkovic Milos 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Studies comparing forearm and upper-arm blood pressure (BP) readings have given varied results. It is likely that higher blood pressure readings are obtained with forearm measurement when compared with upper-arm blood pressure readings. In order to evaluate values of forearm blood pressure in population we nalysed sample of patients with normal ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) values.

Design and method:
Two hundred and fifty-seven patients with normal ABPM values were studied. Mean body mass index was 23 +/-6 kg/m2. Patients had three upper-arm and three forearm BP taken by Microlife validated device. Appropriate cuff was used. Mean BP was calculated from three BP consecutive measurements. Student’s t-test was used to analyze the data.

Results:
The mean age was 42.4+/-11.6 years. There were 127 females. Mean forearm and upper- arm systolic BPs were 142.7 +/- 16.5 mmHg, and 122.3 +/- 16.6 mmHg. Mean forearm, and upper- arm diastolic BPs were 86.8 +/- 13.4 mmHg, and 72.8 +/- 11.6 mmHg.
Systolic and diastolic upper-arm BP measurements were significantly lower than forearm BP measurements.

Conclusions:
This study revealed that we need forearm blood pressure reference values because there is significant difference between forearm and upper-arm BP measurements. The increasing number of obese people presents a very serious clinical challenge to doctors being faced with the inaccurate measuring blood pressure (BP) in patients with very large arms.