bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The course on modern 5G/6G networks: A step toward understanding a flexible network core
Authors: Vujošević Dušan , Bojović Petar D. , Šuh Jelena , Martić Goran , Bojović Živko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract5G and 6G represent next‐generation communication technologies that provide high spectral and energy efficiency, low latency, and massive connectivity due to extensive growth in Internet‐of‐Things devices. Their impact on the quality of life will be significant and enable them to shape modern society's future. The intensive network softwarization and cloudification represent leading drivers for future core network development. Therefore, educational institutions must respond quickly and ensure these technologies' easy and rapid adoption. It is necessary to introduce new approaches to engineers' education, shifting the focus from traditional network technologies toward more programmable network concepts based on network softwarization and cloudification. Our research goal has been to develop and implement a course while focusing on conceiving technical and pedagogical solutions to provide high‐quality education. We have used globally available APIs, tools, and open‐source software to achieve deeper student involvement in our course. We have evaluated our approach by surveying students at the School of Computing, Union University of Belgrade. The results indicate students' high satisfaction with the proposed course. At the same time, they reveal specific problems that affect the effective acceptance of knowledge from certain areas covered in the course. Finally, we have prepared a list of guidelines for teaching courses of 5G/6G core.
Deaths and adverse events from adjuvant therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid malignant tumors: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Xie Ruiyang , Wu Jie , Shang Bingqing , Bi Xingang , Cao Chuanzhen , Guan Youyan , Shi Hongzhe , Shou Jianzhong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundBy prolonging overall survival and reducing disease recurrence rates, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an emerging adjuvant therapy option for patients with resectable malignant tumors. However, the safety profile (deaths and adverse events [AEs]) of adjuvant ICIs has not been fully described.MethodsWe searched the literature for phase III randomized clinical trials that compared PD‐1, PD‐L1, and CTLA‐4 inhibitors in solid malignant tumors. Incidences of death, discontinuation, AEs of any cause, treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs), and immune‐related adverse events (IRAEs) were extracted for the network meta‐analysis. Network meta‐analyses with low incidence and poor convergence are reported as incidences with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).ResultsTen randomized clinical trials that included 9243 patients who received ICI adjuvant therapy were eligible. In total, 21 deaths due to TRAEs were recorded, with an overall incidence of 0.40% (95% CI: 0.26–0.61). The treatment‐related mortality rates for ipilimumab (0.76%, 95% CI: 0.31–1.55) and atezolizumab (0.56%, 95% CI: 0.18–1.31) were higher than for pembrolizumab (0.24%, 95% CI: 0.10–0.56) and nivolumab (0.30%, 95% CI: 0.08–0.77). The most frequent causes of death were associated with the gastrointestinal (0.10%, 95% CI: 0.04–0.24) and pulmonary (0.08%, 95% CI: 0.03–0.21) systems. Compared with the control arm, we found that nivolumab (odds ratio [OR]: 2.73, 95% CI: 0.49–15.85) and atezolizumab (OR: 12.43, 95% CI: 2.42–78.48) caused the fewest grade ≥3 TRAEs and IRAEs. Commonly reported IRAEs of special interest were analyzed, and two agents were found to have IRAEs with incidences >10%, i.e., hepatitis for atezolizumab (14.80%, 95% CI: 12.53–17.32) and hypophysitis for ipilimumab (13.53%, 95% CI: 11.38–15.90).ConclusionsIpilimumab and atezolizumab were correlated with higher treatment‐related death rates than pembrolizumab and nivolumab, in which the gastrointestinal and pulmonary systems were mostly involved. Regarding severe TRAEs and IRAEs, nivolumab and atezolizumab are likely to be the safest agent, respectively. This study will guide clinical practice for ICI adjuvant therapies.
RNA‐seq and ATAC‐seq analysis of CD163+ macrophage‐induced progestin‐insensitive endometrial cancer cells
Authors: Wang Lulu , Lv Qiaoying , Wu Pengfei , Luo Shuhan , Liu Sijia , Chen Xiaojun , Luo Xuezhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundProgestins are used as fertility‐sparing regimens for young patients with stage 1A endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH). CD163+ macrophages promote estrogen‐dependent EEC development, but whether they induce progestin insensitivity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the possible effects of CD163+ macrophages on progestin response in AEH/EEC patients.MethodsThe number of infiltrating CD163+ macrophages in progestin‐insensitive and ‐sensitive endometrial lesions was compared. The effects of CD163+ macrophages on progestin responses and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in EC cells were evaluated in vitro. ATAC‐seq and RNA‐seq were combined to identify molecular/biological changes induced by CD163+ macrophages in progestin‐insensitive EC cells.ResultsIncreased CD163+ macrophage infiltration was significantly associated with progestin insensitivity and longer treatment durations in AEH/EEC patients. Additionally, the number of CD163+ macrophages was negatively correlated with PR expression in AEH/EEC tissues. Furthermore, the CD163+ macrophage‐mediated microenvironment and secreted cytokines downregulated PR expression and impaired the response of EC cells to medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). RNA‐seq analysis demonstrated that CD163+ macrophages antagonized PR signaling by blocking or even reversing MPA‐regulated differential gene expression. Based on RNA‐seq and ATAC‐seq analyses, extracellular matrix (ECM) signaling and ECM‐related transcription factors, FOXF2, POU1F1, and RUNX1were identified to potentially be involved in CD163+ macrophage‐induced progestin insensitivity in endometrial cancer patients.ConclusionsWe identified CD163+ macrophages as an important mediator of progestin desensitization and an unfavorable factor for the efficacy of fertility‐preserving treatment in AEH/EEC patients.
Perception and safety analysis of COVID‐19 vaccination in cancer patients: A multicenter, real‐world study
Authors: Lee Kyoungmin , Park In Hae , Oh Sang Cheul , Seo Jae Hong , Jeon Min Ji , Yu Eun Sang , Kim Dae Sik , Choi Chul Won , Lim Ah‐reum , Hyun Myung Han , Kim Ju Won , Kim Jwa Hoon , Choi Yoon Ji , Lee Soohyeon , Park Kyong Hwa , Kim Yeul Hong , Choi Jung Yoon , Kim Jung Sun , Lee Se Ryeon , Sung Hwa Jung , Kang Eun Joo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough various coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines have been delivered to the public worldwide, data on cancer populations are limited. Vaccine hesitancy related to safety concerns is observed among cancer patients. We report the perception of COVID‐19 vaccines and their safety profile after vaccination among cancer patients.Materials and MethodsBetween April and November 2021, a multicenter survey was conducted on 318 patients treated in any hemato‐oncology outpatient clinic among three hospitals under the Korea University Medical Center. The medical records of the patients were reviewed to obtain detailed clinical and hematological toxicity data.ResultsA perception survey was conducted among 293 patients. Among them, 53.9% were concerned about developing vaccine‐related adverse events (VRAEs) and 23.5%, about negative effects on cancer treatment. During the study period, 255 and 186 patients participated in a safety survey after the first and second doses, respectively. After the first dose, 62% of patients reported VRAEs (2.4%, grade 3), whereas 48.9% reported VRAEs (2.7%, grade 3) after the second dose. For both doses, injection‐site pain and sore arm pain were the most common VRAEs, followed by myalgia, fatigue, and headache. No grade 4/5 VRAEs were observed, and there were no differences in complete blood count after vaccination. Multivariate analysis revealed female sex, active cancer treatment, and mRNA vaccines as independent risk factors for VRAE development in cancer patients.ConclusionDespite high levels of concern, COVID‐19 vaccines were well tolerated by cancer patients, with a safety profile consistent with that of the general population.
Perturbations in common and distinct inflammatory pathways associated with morning and evening fatigue in outpatients receiving chemotherapy
Authors: Kober Kord M. , Harris Carolyn , Conley Yvette P. , Dhruva Anand , Dokiparthi Vasuda , Hammer Marilyn J. , Levine Jon D. , Oppegaard Kate , Paul Steven , Shin Joosun , Sucher Anatol , Wright Fay , Yuen Brian , Olshen Adam B. , Miaskowski Christine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundModerate to severe fatigue occurs in up to 94% of patients with cancer. Recent evidence suggests that morning and evening fatigue are distinct dimensions of physical fatigue. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the transcriptome for common and distinct perturbed inflammatory pathways in patients receiving chemotherapy who reported low versus high levels of morning or low versus high levels of evening cancer‐related fatigue.MethodsPatients completed questionnaires during the week prior to their chemotherapy treatment. Severity of morning and evening fatigue was evaluated using the Lee Fatigue Scale. Gene expression and pathway impact analyses (PIA) were performed in two independent samples using RNA‐sequencing (n = 357) and microarray (n = 360). Patterns of interactions between and among these perturbed pathways were evaluated using a knowledge network (KN).ResultsAcross the PIA, nine perturbed pathways (FDR < 0.025) were common to both morning and evening fatigue, six were distinct for morning fatigue, and four were distinct for evening fatigue. KN (19 nodes, 39 edges) identified the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)‐Akt pathway node (perturbed in evening fatigue) with the highest betweenness (0.255) and closeness (0.255) centrality indices. The next highest betweenness centrality indices were seen in pathways perturbed in evening fatigue (i.e., nuclear factor kappa B: 0.200, natural killer cell‐mediated cytotoxicity: 0.178, mitogen‐activated protein kinase: 0.175).ConclusionsThis study describes perturbations in common and distinct inflammatory pathways associated with morning and/or evening fatigue. PI3K‐Akt was identified as a bottleneck pathway. The analysis identified potential targets for therapeutic interventions for this common and devastating clinical problem.
Proton‐Induced Defect‐Rich Vanadium Oxides as Reversible Polysulfide Conversion Sites for High‐Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Zihan , Liang Shuaijie , Yang Cao , Li Huanhuan , Zhang Linlin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries have attracted attention due to their high theoretical energy density, natural abundance, and low cost. However, the diffusion of polysulfides decreases the utilization and further degrades the battery's life. We have successfully fabricated a defect‐rich layered sodium vanadium oxide with proton doping (HNVO) nanobelt and used it as the functional interface layer on the separator in Li‐S batteries. Benefiting from the abundant defects of NVO and the catalytic activity of metal vanadium in the electrochemical process, the shuttle of polysulfides was greatly decreased by reversible chemical adsorption. Moreover, the extra graphene layer contributes to accelerating the charge carrier at high current densities. Therefore, a Li‐S battery with G@HNVO delivers a high capacity of 1494.8 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and a superior cycling stability over 700 cycles at 1 C. This work provides an effective strategy for designing the electrode/separator interface layer to achieve high‐performance Li‐S batteries.
Acceleration Effect of Bowl‐Shaped Structure in Aerobic Oxidation Reaction: Synthesis of Homosumaneneortho‐Quinone and Azaacene‐Fused Homosumanenes
Authors: Nishimoto Mikey , Uetake Yuta , Yakiyama Yumi , Saeki Akinori , Freudenberg Jan , Bunz Uwe H. F. , Sakurai Hidehiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn oxidation reaction of hydroxyhomosumanene on silica gel providing homosumaneneortho‐quinone and its synthetic application for azaacene‐fused homosumanenes is described. Hydroxyhomosumanene is photochemically oxidized by air, when it is coated on silica gel; this aerobic oxidation proceeds faster than that of planar analogues. The difference of such reactivity was attributed to the unusual keto‐enol tautomerization due to structural difference between planar and curved π‐system. The homosumaneneortho‐quinone was used in the synthesis of several azaacene‐fused homosumanenes, azaacenohomosumanenes. X‐ray diffraction analysis of the single crystals revealed their columnar stacking structures due to the interactions between each bowl. Azaacenohomosumanenes exhibited high electron affinity due to the combination of buckybowl and electron‐deficient azaacene moieties.
Mitsunobu Functionalization of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Derivatives†
Authors: Zhang Yin , Wang Yu , You Wei 
Published: November 2022

Comprehensive SummaryPolymer functionalization is a powerful tool to prepare polymers with diverse structures without the need of synthesizing monomers or performing polymerization reactions. Polymers that are difficult to be synthesized using direct polymerization reactions can be accessed using polymer functionalization. We herein present Mitsunobu derivatization of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to convert the hydroxyl groups into diverse functional groups. Partial acetalation strategy is applied to improve solubility of the PVA derivatives in tetrahydrofuran, and more importantly, the acetals can act as protecting groups so that functionalized copolymers are produced. Diverse functions can be introduced into PVA derivatives by installing different functional groups. Transparent, colorless, flexible, and scalable UV‐shielding membranes are conveniently prepared in one step using this method.
Single Molecule Imaging with Liquid Phase Electron Microscopy
Authors: Li Jia‐Ye , Zhang De‐Yi , Mao Sheng , Wang Huan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFew single‐molecule experiments have enabled the direct imaging of functional biomacromolecules in real‐time in their native liquid environments, resolving their conformational adaptations, transient interactions, and intermediate states. Liquid phase electron microscopy (LP‐EM), due to its unique combination of spatial and temporal resolution, has shown to be a promising tool. Recent experiments have enabled successful imaging of intact structures of organic molecules and biological systems with an ordinary electron microscope. Adapting image processing methods and quantitative data analysis from single particle experiments based on the optical microscope, quantifying motion and relaxation of these interacting molecules allows the experimental observations of pathways, to test theoretical predictions, and discovery of new mechanisms. Combining LP‐EM with tomography, fluorescence, and mass spectroscopy allows for probing multi‐dimensional structural and dynamic information. Challenges remain in obtaining high‐quality data in large quantities, which can be improved by developing new liquid cell platforms and machine learning‐based data analysis.
Fabrication of Uniform ZnO Hexagonal Nanorods in the Presence of Mg2+ and Conversion to ZnO@ZnS Heterojunctions for Spatial Charge Separation
Authors: Guo Na , Wang Chuantao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLarge‐scale uninform ZnO hexagonal nanorods were obtained by tuning the molar ratio of Mg2+ and Zn2+ without any organic surfactant or any further treatment, then the ZnO@ZnS heterojunction were obtained by in‐situ sulfidation method. The photocatalytic activity of as‐prepared photocatalyst sample was evaluated by their photocatalytic of Congo Red (CR) in a fixed‐bed microreactor and photocatalytic hydrogen production. The photocatalytic experiments showed that Z@ZS‐4 possesses higher photocatalytic performance for a sulfidation time up to 4 h. Probable photogenerated charge transfer mechanism has been proposed, and the corresponding photoluminescence and photoelectrochemical measurements revealed the higher charge transfer rate across the Z@ZS‐4 interface.
Support vector machine classifier optimized with seagull optimization algorithm for brain tumor classification
Authors: Lavanya S. , Annlin Jeba S. V. , Bhuvaneswari P. , Shajin Francis H. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a practical tool for diagnosing tumors in human brain. In this work, MRI images are analyzed to find tumor‐containing regions and classify these regions into three different types of tumor: meningioma, glioma, and pituitary. Several methods were utilized previously for brain tumor detection, but no one method classify the brain tumor accurately and also it takes high computation time. To overwhelm these issues, a support vector machine optimized with seagull optimization algorithm (SOA) is proposed for brain tumor classification (SVM‐SOA‐BTC). The brain MRI images are gathered via Brats image dataset. Then the images are preprocessed using Savitzky–Golay denoising method. Then residual exemplars local binary pattern based feature extraction is utilized for extracting radiomic features. Then, the extracted features are fed to SVM classifier for classifying the brain tumors, like normal and abnormal. Then the weight parameters of the SVM are optimized using the SOA. The simulation is implemented on MATLAB. Then the proposed SVM‐SOA‐BTC method achieves 33.78%, 19.69%, and 11.62% higher accuracy; 30.62%, 25.05%, and 9.10% higher F‐score compared with existing methods, like Deep‐CNN‐DSCA‐BTC, CNN‐WHHO‐BTC, and AFDNN‐FLA‐BTC respectively.
An SDN‐based DDoS defense approach using route obfuscation
Authors: Hormozi Mohammad , Erfani S. Hossein 
Published: November 2022

SummaryDDoS attack as an attempt to make an online service inaccessible by suppressing it with massive traffic from various sources is a problem that is getting worse by the day, and when customers need to implement DDoS mitigation solutions in their network, they often have to make major changes to the existing network in terms of establishing new protocols or the need to completely redesign the existing network. Software evolution in networks under the name of software‐defined networks is developing and advancing in parallel with traditional networks, and the tendency and migration towards this generation of networks may be considered more and more seriously. Using SDN to encounter DDoS attacks, given its reactive capabilities, brings strategies such as dynamic cyber deception and active defense to minds, against attackers. In this article, we show how to obfuscate the network route to the destination by playing the address in the path and destination of the attacker's request, without understanding them from the heart of the issue by using the capabilities of software‐defined networks and lead DDoS attack flows, and kept the rest of network safe with least effect on topology from this destruction.
Spectrally Resolved Fiber Photometry for In Vivo Multi‐Color Fluorescence Measurements
Authors: Zhou Jingheng , Yeh Alan , Meng Chengbo , Papaneri Amy B. , Peddada Teja , Kobzar Nicholas P. , Cui Guohong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article describes how to assemble and operate a spectrometer‐based fiber photometry system for in vivo simultaneous measurements of multiple fluorescent biosensors in freely moving mice. The first section of the article describes the step‐by‐step procedure to assemble a basic single‐spectrometer fiber photometry system and how to expand it into a dual‐spectrometer system that allows for simultaneous recordings from two sites. The second part describes the steps for a typical fiber probe implantation surgery. The last section describes how to acquire and analyze the time‐lapsed spectral data. This article is intended for teaching labs how to build their own fiber photometry systems (with a video tutorial) from commercially available parts and perform in vivo recordings in behaving mice. © Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.Basic Protocol 1: Assembling a dual‐laser, single‐spectrometer fiber photometry systemSupport Protocol: Dual‐spectrometer fiber photometry assemblyBasic Protocol 2: Optical fiber probe implantationBasic Protocol 3: Data acquisition and analysis
A Flow Cytometry–Based Assay to Measure C3b Deposition on Protozoan Parasites Such as Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Sikorski Patricia M. , Grigg Michael E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFlow cytometry is a powerful tool that can be used to study protozoan parasite interactions with the complement system. We developed a flow cytometric assay to measure the deposition of complement activation product C3b and to assess resistance to complement‐mediated lysis. This assay involves exposing cultured parasites to human serum (the source of human complement) and staining parasites with antibodies against complement proteins to detect and quantify complement components on the parasite surface by flow cytometry. The assay can be used to compare complement activation across a variety of different species of protozoan parasites. As a proof of concept, we describe protocols to study C3 deposition on the single‐cell protist Toxoplasma gondii. This parasite actively regulates C3 deposition and proteolytic inactivation to eliminate the formation of lytic pores targeted to the parasite surface coat, which is the end‐product of the complement cascade. The antibodies used in this assay recognize both active and inactive forms of C3 deposited on parasite surfaces. Hence, the assay facilitates the identification and characterization of parasite resistance factors that regulate complement deposition and catabolic inactivation. © Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.Basic Protocol 1: Culturing human foreskin fibroblasts and Toxoplasma gondii strainsBasic Protocol 2: In vitro complement activation assaySupport Protocol: Screening of normal human serumBasic Protocol 3: Flow cytometric analysis of C3b deposition
Dual band 8 × 8 MIMO antenna system for DCS 1800 and 5G mobile applications
Authors: Mistri Raj Kumar , Mahto Santosh Kumar , Sinha Rashmi 
Published: November 2022

SummaryA dual‐band (1.6–1.9 GHz and 3.3–3.9 GHz) eight‐antenna multiple‐input and multiple‐output (MIMO) system is proposed in this paper. The basic structure of the proposed antenna element consists of microstrip lines, cylindrically shaped shorting, and a rectangular‐shaped defected ground structure (DGS). This structure is responsible for the production of a self‐ isolated MIMO system. The performance of the MIMO antenna system is investigated by the detailed analysis of S‐parameters, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), and Channel Capacity (CC). The proposed MIMO antenna system offers a good S‐parameter, radiation pattern, and satisfactory isolation characteristics. The MIMO antenna system is fabricated on lossy high dielectric (
= 4.3) FR4 substrate (loss tangent 0.02). The measured results are in good agreement with simulated one. The proposed antenna focuses on the 3.3–3.9 GHz frequency band, which covers bands 3.3–3.6 GHz (center frequency, 3.45 GHz) or 3.4–3.8 GHz (center frequency, 3.6 GHz) under the band below 6 GHz for 5G operation.