bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rationale and Design of the Cardiac CARE Trial: A Randomized Trial of Troponin-Guided Neurohormonal Blockade for the Prevention of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Henriksen Peter A. , Hall Peter , Oikonomidou Olga , MacPherson Iain R. , Maclean Morag , Lewis Steff , McVicars Heather , Broom Angus , Scott Fiona , McKay Pam , Borley Annabel , Rowntree Clare , Lord Simon , Collins Graham , Radford John , Guppy Amy , Payne John R. , Newby David E. , Mills Nick L. , Lang Ninian N. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Anthracyclines are effective cytotoxic drugs used in the treatment of breast cancer and lymphoma but are associated with myocardial injury, left ventricular dysfunction, and heart failure. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is highly variable in severity and without a proven therapeutic intervention. β-Adrenergic receptor blockers and renin-angiotensin-system inhibitor therapies have been associated with modest cardioprotective effects in unselected patients.

Methods:
The Cardiac CARE trial is a multicentre prospective randomized open-label blinded end point trial of combination β-adrenergic receptor blocker and renin-angiotensin-system inhibitor therapy in patients with breast cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma receiving anthracycline chemotherapy that is associated with myocardial injury. Patients at higher risk of cardiotoxicity with plasma high-sensitivity cTnI (cardiac troponin I) concentrations in the upper tertile at the end of chemotherapy are randomized to standard of care plus combination candesartan and carvedilol therapy or standard of care alone. All patients undergo cardiac magnetic resonance imaging before and 6 months after anthracycline treatment. The primary end point is the change in left ventricular ejection fraction at 6 months after chemotherapy. In low-risk nonrandomized patients, left ventricular ejection fraction before and 6 months after anthracycline will be compared with define the specificity of the high-sensitivity cTnI assay for identifying low-risk participants who do not develop left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Discussion:
Cardiac CARE will examine whether cardiac biomarker monitoring identifies patients at risk of left ventricular dysfunction following anthracycline chemotherapy and whether troponin-guided treatment with combination candesartan and carvedilol therapy prevents the development of left ventricular dysfunction in these high-risk patients.
The Vera Icona Installation and Performance: A Reflection on Face Surveillance in Contemporary Society
Authors: Gouiffès Michele , Caye Véronique 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Vera Icona installation-performance considers the relationship between face and image in contemporary society. It is inspired by the legend of the Vera Icona, an “icon made without hands” (said to have come into existence miraculously rather than by human creation), which is part of the political and philosophical history of images, from the religious icon to contemporary video. The installation-performance proposes a critical analysis of Jerusalem’s surveillance society. Using artificial intelligence techniques such as deep learning in order to replicate the mise en abyme art technique, the installation blends faces of those being observed with the faces of observers. It invites viewers to consider themselves at the center of their own universe, far from established norms and controlling societies.
On the Value of Early Marine Weather Observations: The Malaspina Expedition (1789–94)
Authors: Obregón M. A. , Rodas M. T. , Farrona A. M. M. , Domínguez-Castro F. , Gallego M. C. , García-Herrera R. , Vaquero J. M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Great advances in meteorological science were made in the late eighteenth century. In particular, meteorological instruments were carried on ships and the first systematic meteorological readings over the oceans were made. One of these collections of instrumental meteorological readings was carried out by the Malaspina expedition (1789–94), organized by the Spanish Crown to study its vast possessions around the world. We have recovered meteorological variables such as air temperature (maximum and minimum), atmospheric pressure (maximum and minimum), wind (intensity and direction), and appearance (state of the sky) from the documentation generated by the explorers during the journey. In total, nearly 13,000 instrumental data have been digitized and rescued from this maritime expedition. The comparison of daily temperature and pressure observations with reanalysis and weather stations data shows a good overall agreement. Moreover, apparent discrepancies during several anchored periods have allowed for testing the consistency and quality of these early instrumental marine weather readings.
Analysis of repeat elements in the Pristionchus pacificus genome reveals an ancient invasion by horizontally transferred transposons
Authors: Athanasouli Marina , Rödelsperger Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundRepetitive sequences and mobile elements make up considerable fractions of individual genomes. While transposition events can be detrimental for organismal fitness, repetitive sequences form an enormous reservoir for molecular innovation. In this study, we aim to add repetitive elements to the annotation of thePristionchus pacificusgenome and assess their impact on novel gene formation.ResultsDifferent computational approaches define up to 24% of theP. pacificusgenome as repetitive sequences. While retroelements are more frequently found at the chromosome arms, DNA transposons are distributed more evenly. We found multiple DNA transposons, as well as LTR and LINE elements with abundant evidence of expression as single-exon transcripts. When testing whether transposons disproportionately contribute towards new gene formation, we found that roughly 10–20% of genes across all age classes overlap transposable elements with the strongest trend being an enrichment of low complexity regions among the oldest genes. Finally, we characterized a horizontal gene transfer of Zisupton elements into diplogastrid nematodes. These DNA transposons invaded nematodes from eukaryotic donor species and experienced a recent burst of activity in theP. pacificuslineage.ConclusionsThe comprehensive annotation of repetitive elements in theP. pacificusgenome builds a resource for future functional genomic analyses as well as for more detailed investigations of molecular innovations.
Chloroplastic pentatricopeptide repeat proteins (PPR) in albino plantlets of Agave angustifolia Haw. reveal unexpected behavior
Authors: Andrade-Marcial M. , Pacheco-Arjona R. , Góngora-Castillo E. , De-la-Peña C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins play an essential role in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes in plastid genomes. Although important advances have been made in understanding the functions of these genes, there is little information available on chloroplastic PPR genes in non-model plants and less in plants without chloroplasts. In the present study, a comprehensive and multifactorial bioinformatic strategy was applied to search for putative PPR genes in the foliar and meristematic tissues of green and albino plantlets of the non-model plant Agave angustifolia Haw.

Results
A total of 1581 PPR transcripts were identified, of which 282 were chloroplastic. Leaf tissue in the albino plantlets showed the highest levels of expression of chloroplastic PPRs. The search for hypothetical targets of 12 PPR sequences in the chloroplast genes of A. angustifolia revealed their action on transcripts related to ribosomes and translation, photosystems, ATP synthase, plastid-encoded RNA polymerase and RuBisCO.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the expression of PPR genes depends on the state of cell differentiation and plastid development. In the case of the albino leaf tissue, which lacks functional chloroplasts, it is possible that anterograde and retrograde signaling networks are severely compromised, leading to a compensatory anterograde response characterized by an increase in the expression of PPR genes.
Bedside gastrointestinal ultrasound combined with acute gastrointestinal injury score to guide enteral nutrition therapy in critically patients
Authors: Lai Jiawei , Chen Shuhong , Chen Linli , Huang Daofeng , Lin Jinzhan , Zheng Qingjiang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
To use gastric ultrasound to evaluate function and to determine the start time of enteral nutrition (EN) in patients with acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI).

Methods
We reviewed records from 105 patients who suffered AGI levels two (AGI II). We recorded several data points, including ultrasonographic transverse area of gastric antrum (CSA), left descending colonic or right ascending colonic diameter (Diam), peristatic frequency (Peri), EN start time, EN dose, prealbumin (PA), and EN complications. The recovery of intestinal function after EN treatment was judged as success. If there was EN treatment complication, this was judged as failure. We analyzed the changes in gastrointestinal function after EN treatment, to determine feeding time.

Results
There were 69 patients in the successful group, and 36 in the failure group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, intra abdominal pressure (IAP), APACHE II, PA and disease composition (p > 0.05).There were significant differences in terms of EN startup time, CSA, Diam, Peri, and PA, between the EN success and failure groups. We found IAP does not reflect gastrointestinal function;CSA ≤ 9cm2, Diam ≤ 2.9 cm, Peri > 3 bpm, indicated that the three indexes could reflect the recovery of gastrointestinal function. Receiver operating curve analysis showed that combined CSA, Diam, Peri evaluation determined the best time to start EN.

Conclusions
Monitoring gastric antrum transversal area, colonic diameter, colonic peristatic frequency using ultrasound can guide the timing of initiation of enteral nutrition treatment.
Evaluation of the correlation between frailty and sleep quality among elderly patients with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Xiaoru , Zhou Xiaoping , Liu Wenjing , Ma Qing , Deng Xuexue , Fang Ronghua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence of osteoporosis increases with age. Frailty is a distinct characteristic seen in older osteoporosis patients. Poor sleep quality is common in elderly individuals. However, there are few studies on the correlation between frailty and sleep quality in elderly patients with osteoporosis in China.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 8, 2020, to April 30, 2021. A total of 247 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited in outpatient departments at West China Hospital. A self-designed demographic data questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Frailty Phenotype scale were used to evaluate the sleep quality and frailty of the participants. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the factors affecting frailty and sleep quality in osteoporosis patients.

Results
A total of 231 valid questionnaires were statistically analysed. The mean frailty score was 3.2 ± 1.6 and a total of 152 (65.8%) were frailty. The mean PSQI score was 11.9 ± 4.5 and a total of 183 (79.2%) patients had poor sleep quality (PSQI > 7). Multiple logistic regression showed that female, pain, polypharmacy, activities of daily living status (ADLs), and sleep quality were independent influencing factors for frailty, while comorbidity, ADLs and frailty status were independent influencing factors for sleep quality.

Conclusion
We found that frailty and sleep quality were prevalent and that frailty was positively correlated with the PSQI score in elderly patients with osteoporosis in China. The higher the frailty score is, the worse the sleep quality. It means the frailer old patients were, the worse their sleep quality, and poor sleep quality may increase the risk of frailty in elderly patients with osteoporosis. To manage elderly patients with osteoporosis effectively, medical staff should pay attention to frailty, sleep quality and its influencing factors.
Effects of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and group cognitive behavioural therapy on symptomatic generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized controlled noninferiority trial
Authors: Jiang Si-si , Liu Xue-hua , Han Nan , Zhang Hai-jing , Xie Wu-xiang , Xie Zhi-juan , Lu Xin-yuan , Zhou Xuan-zi , Zhao Yu-qi , Duan Ai-deng , Zhao Shu-qin , Zhang Zhi-cheng , Huang Xue-bing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is a promising alternative treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The objective of this study was to examine whether the efficacy of group MBCT adapted for treating GAD (MBCT-A) was noninferior to group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) designed to treat GAD (CBT-A), which was considered one of first-line treatments for GAD patients. We also explored the efficacy of MBCT-A in symptomatic GAD patients compared with CBT-A for a variety of outcomes of anxiety symptoms, as well as depressive symptoms, overall illness severity, quality of life and mindfulness.

Methods
This was a randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial with two arms involving symptomatic GAD patients. Adult patients with GAD (n = 138) were randomized to MBCT-A or CBT-A in addition to treatment as usual (TAU). The primary outcome was the anxiety response rate assessed at 8 weeks after treatment as measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). Secondary outcomes included anxiety remission rates, scores on the HAMA, the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Severity Subscale of the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-S), and the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), as well as mindfulness, which was measured by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Assessments were performed at baseline, 8 weeks after treatment, and 3 months after treatment. Both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were performed for primary analyses. The χ2 test and separate two-way mixed ANOVAs were used for the secondary analyses.

Results
ITT and PP analyses showed noninferiority of MBCT-A compared with CBT-A for response rate [ITT rate difference = 7.25% (95% CI: -8.16, 22.65); PP rate difference = 5.85% (95% CI: − 7.83, 19.53)]. The anxiety remission rate, overall illness severity and mindfulness were significantly different between the two groups at 8 weeks. There were no significant differences between the two groups at the 3-month follow-up. No severe adverse events were identified.

Conclusions
Our data indicate that MBCT-A was noninferior to CBT-A in reducing anxiety symptoms in GAD patients. Both interventions appeared to be effective for long-term benefits.

Trial registration
Registered at chictr.org.cn (registration number: ChiCTR1800019150, registration date: 27/10/2018).
Prospective associations between psychosocial work factors and self-reported health: study of effect modification by gender, age, and occupation using the national French working conditions survey data
Authors: Niedhammer Isabelle , Derouet-Gérault Laura , Bertrais Sandrine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundProspective studies exploring the effects of psychosocial work factors on self-reported health (SRH) are lacking, especially those studying effect modifications. The objectives were to examine the prospective associations of these factors, and multiple exposures to these factors, with SRH in a national representative sample, and effect modifications by gender, age, and occupation.MethodsThe prospective study relied on the three data collection waves (2013, 2016, and 2019) of the national French Working Conditions survey and was based on a sample of 15,971 employees, in good SRH at the beginning of the follow-up period. The occupational exposures were time-varying variables measured in 2013 and 2016, and included: 20 psychosocial work factors grouped into 5 broad domains, 4 exposures related to working time/hours and 4 physical-biomechanical-chemical exposures. The incidence of poor SRH three years later was the outcome. Discrete time Poisson regression models were performed using weighted data and with adjustment for gender, age, marital status, life events, and occupation.ResultsAlmost all the studied psychosocial work factors were predictive of poor SRH. Some physical-biomechanical-chemical exposures were found to predict poor SRH. Only rare effect modifications were observed according to gender, age, and occupation. Dose-response associations between multiple exposures and the incidence of poor SRH were observed for 4 among 5 domains of psychosocial work factors.ConclusionsOur study underlined the effects of psychosocial work factors, as well as multiple exposure effects, on the incidence of poor SRH. However, most of these effects were the same across population groups related to gender, age, and occupation.
Evaluating the impact of a novel behavioural science informed animation upon breast cancer screening uptake: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Acharya Amish , Ashrafian Hutan , Cunningham Deborah , Ruwende Josephine , Darzi Ara , Judah Gaby 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer screening is estimated to save 1300 lives annually in the United Kingdom. Despite this, uptake of invitations has fallen over the past decade. Behavioural science-informed interventions addressing the determinants of attendance behaviour have shown variable effectiveness. This may be due to the narrow repertoire of techniques trialled, and the difficulties of implementation at a population-scale. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact on breast screening uptake of a novel behavioural video intervention which can contain more complex combinations of behavioural change techniques.MethodsA 3-armed randomised controlled trial will be undertaken in London comparing the impact of (1) the usual care SMS reminder, to (2) a behavioural plain text SMS reminder and (3) a novel video sent as a link within the behavioural plain text SMS reminder. A total of 8391 participants (2797 per group) will be allocated to one of the three trial arms using a computer randomisation process, based upon individuals’ healthcare identification numbers. The novel video has been co-designed with a diverse range of women to overcome the barriers faced by underserved communities and the wider population. The behavioural SMS content has also been co-designed through the same process as the video. Messages will be sent through the current reminder system used by the London screening programmes, with reminders 7 days and 2 days prior to a timed appointment. The primary outcome is attendance at breast cancer screening within 3 months of the initial invitation. Secondary outcomes will include evaluating the impact of each message amongst socio-demographic groups and according to the appointment type e.g. first invitation or recall.DiscussionIn addition to general declining trends in attendance, there is also concern of increasing healthcare inequalities with breast cancer screening in London. The current novel intervention, designed with underserved groups and the general population, incorporates several behavioural techniques to overcome the barriers to attendance. Understanding its potential impact in a real-world setting therefore may provide significant information on how to address reducing attendance and healthcare disparities.Trial RegistrationThis study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05395871) on the 27thMay 2022.
Challenges of and corrective recommendations for healthcare-associated infection’s case findings and reporting from local to national level in Iran: a qualitative study
Authors: Dehghan-Nayeri Nahid , Seifi Arash , Rostamnia Leili , Varaei Shokoh , Ghanbari Vahid , Sari Ali Akbari , Haghani Hamid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The accuracy of health care−associated infections (HAIs) statistics in many countries is questionable and the main reasons of this inaccuracy are not well-known. The study aim was to explore inhibitors of and corrective recommendations for HAIs case findings and reporting in some of Iran hospitals.

Methods
Sixteen face-to-face interviews and an expert panel were performed with expertise of infection prevention and control (IPC) programs in hospitals, and Deputies of Health and Treatment in medical university and Ministry of Health from Feb 2018 to May 2019. Using conventional content analysis, code, subcategories and categories were developed.

Result
Three categories emerged including improper structure preparation, conflict of interest, and inadequate motivation. Allocating distinct budget and adequate staff to IPC programs, developing a user-friendly surveillance system and engaging physicians and nurses for HAIs reporting are the main corrective recommendations accepted by the expert panel.

Conclusion
Despite the improvement in growing case-findings and reporting of HAIs in Iran, there are many challenges which inhibit accurate case finding and reporting of HAIs. So it is necessary to update the structure, system and rules to reach accurate HAIs data in Iran.
Using COM-B model in identifying facilitators, barriers and needs of community pharmacists in implementing weight management services in Malaysia: a qualitative study
Authors: Blebil Ali Qais , Saw Pui San , Dujaili Juman Abdulelah , Bhuvan K. C. , Mohammed Ali Haider , Ahmed Ali , Houssenaly Fatima Zohreine , Hassan Bassam Abdul Rasool , Kaur Anisha , Roien Rohullah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious qualitative studies exploring the experiences of community pharmacists (CP) in implementing weight management services (WMS) often lack a theoretical underpinning. This study applied the capability, opportunity, motivation, behaviour (COM-B) model to factors associated with WMS implementation among CPs to develop and recommend better intervention strategies.MethodsA qualitative study design was used by conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews with CPs. All the interviews were audio-recorded and duly transcribed. The thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data, and the themes generated were mapped onto COM-B model components.ResultsThe themes that emerged were (1) motivation of pharmacists and (2) knowledge and skills, which were identified as both barriers and facilitators, and (3) the barriers to implementation in aspects of social norms and resources. Factors were subsequently categorised into the subcomponents of the model: physical capability (e.g., training), psychological capability (e.g., lack of knowledge), physical opportunity (e.g., product range), social opportunity (e.g., stigma), automatic motivation (e.g., remuneration) and reflective motivation (e.g., CPs extended roles).ConclusionsIn conclusion, programs or training For Cps should develop their psychological capability to change their behaviour by being more proactive in promoting and providing weight management services, with a vital educational component. This behavioural change will improve the promotion of this service and will help many customers who were unaware of this service. Learning opportunities will leave CPs to feel more empowered and overcome barriers to implementing and maintaining WMS in primary care. The study findings provided essential insights into the factors that affect this provided service in Malaysia. The results will help to encourage the embedding of nutrition counselling in academic curricula.