bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutamine energy substrate anaplerosis increases bone density in the Pahenu2 classical PKU mouse in the absence of phenylalanine restriction
Authors: Dobrowolski Steven F. , Phua Yu Leng , Tourkova Irina L. , Sudano Cayla , Vockley Jerry , Larrouture Quitterie C. , Blair Harry C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOsteopenia is an under‐investigated clinical presentation of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH)‐deficient phenylketonuria (PKU). While osteopenia is not fully penetrant in human PKU, the Pahenu2 mouse is universally osteopenic and ideal to study the phenotype. We determined Pahenu2 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are developmentally impaired in the osteoblast lineage. Moreover, we determined energy dysregulation and oxidative stress contribute to the osteoblast developmental deficit. The MSC preferred substrate glutamine (Gln) was applied to enhance energy homeostasis. In vitro Pahenu2 MSCs, in the context of 1200 μM Phe, respond to Gln with increased in situ alkaline phosphatase activity indicating augmented osteoblast differentiation. Oximetry applied to Pahenu2 MSCs in osteoblast differentiation show Gln energy substrate increases oxygen consumption, specifically maximum respiration and respiratory reserve. For 60 days post‐weaning, Pahenu2 animals received either no intervention (standard lab chow), amino acid defined chow maintaining plasma Phe at ~200 μM, or standard lab chow where ad libitum water was a 2% Gln solution. Bone density was assessed by microcomputed tomography and bone growth assessed by dye labeling. Bone density and dye labeling in Phe‐restricted Pahenu2 was indistinguishable from untreated Pahenu2. Gln energy substrate provided to Pahenu2, in the context of uncontrolled hyperphenylalaninemia, present increased bone density and dye labeling. These data provide further evidence that Pahenu2 MSCs experience a secondary energy deficit that is responsive both in vitro and in vivo to Gln energy substrate and independent of hyperphenylalaninemia. Energy support may have effect to treat human PKU osteopenia and elements of PKU neurologic disease resistant to standard of care systemic Phe reduction. Glutamine energy substrate anaplerosis increased Pahenu2 bone density and improved in vitro MSC function in the context of hyperphenylalaninemia in the classical PKU range.
Radiocarbon and stable isotope evidence of early to mid‐Holocene wet events from fluvial tufa deposits in Santa Cruz, CA
Authors: Kanner Maura C. , Cortes Luis , Ibarra Yadira 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is increasingly important to document past records of hydrologic change in areas that are drought‐prone to better predict the region's future vulnerability to recharge and water supply. Holocene spring‐associated carbonate deposits serve as terrestrial records of water balance that can complement other local, high‐resolution proxies that are moisture‐sensitive. Here we examine two carbonate deposits (one inactive perched tufa site and one active fluvial tufa site) that form from ambient‐temperature freshwater springs, as proxies of their depositional conditions. Radiocarbon (14C) analyses of charcoal fragments from the inactive perched tufa record depositional ages of 6.2 ± 0.06 (2σ) cal ka
bp and 8.0 ± 0.04 (2σ) cal ka
bp and agree with the age models from other proxies of past pluvial periods in the region (~16 to 5 ka). The active fluvial tufas date to 853 ± 0.4 cal
bp, representing conditions similar to modern flow. Geomorphologic and radiocarbon results indicate the perched tufa reflects wetter conditions fed by a higher water table. Stable isotopic analyses of carbonate (δ13C, δ18O) reveal distinct isotopic values between modern and early–mid‐Holocene tufa. This work underscores potential for the analysis of other moisture‐sensitive tufa deposits in coastal central California.
Effect of macronutrient fertilization on olive oil composition and quality under irrigated, intensive cultivation management
Authors: Zipori Isaac , Yermiyahu Uri , Dag Arnon , Erel Ran , Ben‐Gal Alon , Quan Liu , Kerem Zohar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIntensive olive (Olea europaea L.) orchards are fertilized, mostly with the macronutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The effects of different application levels of these nutrients on olive oil composition and quality were studied over 6 years in a commercial intensively cultivated ‘Barnea’ olive orchard in Israel.RESULTSOil quality and composition were affected by N, but not P or K availability. Elevated N levels increased free fatty acid content and reduced polyphenol level in the oil. Peroxide value was not affected by N, P or K levels. The relative concentrations of palmitoleic, linoleic and linolenic fatty acids increased with increasing levels of N application, whereas that of oleic acid, monounsaturated‐to‐polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio and oleic‐to‐linoleic ratio decreased.CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that intensive olive orchard fertilization should be carried out carefully, especially where N application is concerned, to avoid a decrease in oil quality due to over‐fertilization. Informed application of macronutrients requires leaf and fruit analyses to establish good agricultural practices, especially in view of the expansion of olive cultivation to new agricultural regions and soils. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Gender differences in medication prescribing patterns for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: A 10‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Hadlandsmyth Katherine , Bernardy Nancy C. , Lund Brian C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWomen veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have historically received more psychiatric medications than men. The current analysis identified prescribing trends of medications recommended for (i.e., select antidepressants) and against (i.e., benzodiazepines, select antidepressants, antipsychotics, and select anticonvulsants) use in PTSD treatment among women and men in 2010–2019. All veterans receiving care for PTSD in 2019 were identified using national U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative data. Multivariable logistic regression analyses, adjusted for demographic characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities, were used to contrast the likelihood of receiving a medication class across genders. Sensitivity analyses using identical selection methods were conducted for the calendar years 2010, 2013, and 2016. In 2019, 877,785 veterans received treatment for PTSD within the VA, 13.5% of whom were women. Across medication classes and years, women were more likely to receive all psychiatric medications of interest. Relative to men, women were slightly more likely to receive antidepressants recommended for PTSD in 2019, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.07, 95% CI [1.06, 1.09]. However, gender differences for medications recommended against use for PTSD were notably larger, including benzodiazepines, aOR = 1.62, 95% CI [1.59, 1.65]; anticonvulsants. aOR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.38, 1.44]; and antidepressants recommended against use for PTSD, aOR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.19, 1.33]. To inform tailored intervention strategies, future work is needed to fully understand why women receive more medications recommended against use for PTSD.
Practical application of high‐sodicity wasteland reclamation with flue gas desulfurization gypsum in the Songnen Plain of China
Authors: Zhang Wenchao , Zhang Wenxin , Zhao Yonggan , Wang Shujuan , Liu Jia , Li Yan , Zhou Yuqun , Xu Lizhen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBased on global food supply demands and the need for sustainable development, it is necessary to rapidly reclaim saline‐sodic wasteland as productive land on a large scale. However, the large‐scale application of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum for the reclamation of high‐sodicity wasteland to obtain productive fields still lacks quick and concise evaluation indicators. Therefore, four FGD gypsum reclamation practices were applied in high sodicity‐affected wastelands. After 6 months, the topsoil (0–20 cm) pH, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), electrical conductivity (EC), and paddy rice yield were evaluated. During the rice harvest, the topsoil pH, ESP, and SAR significantly decreased by 0.9–1.9 units, 29.3–67.2% and 2.3–53.7 (mmolc L−1)1/2, respectively, below initial values. Across the application sites, the interquartile range of the rice yield ranged from 1.7 to 5.8 Mg ha−1 with a median yield of 3.7 Mg ha−1. Correlation analysis between the rice yield and topsoil chemical parameters indicated that the soil pH was the primary factor of rice yield reduction, followed by ESP and SAR. To achieve a median yield, we propose that the pH, ESP and SAR of reclaimed topsoil should be lower than 8.7, 27.5%, and 8.5 (mmolc L−1)1/2, respectively, during the first season. This study provides a practical template and reference values for the salinity and sodicity of topsoil when reclaiming high sodicity‐affected wastelands via large‐scale FGD gypsum application.
3D Contour Printing of Anatomically Mimetic Cartilage Grafts with Microfiber‐Reinforced Double‐Network Bioink
Authors: Wang Meng , Zhao Jianping , Luo Yixuan , Liang Qianyi , Liu Yisi , Zhong Gang , Yu Yin , Chen Fei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBioprinting is an emerging technology for fabricating cell‐laden scaffolds with custom shapes that resemble the complex architecture of human tissues, however, construction of mechanically competent tissue grafts which mimic irregular cartilage defect is still a big challenge. Here, 3D printing of short fiber‐reinforced double‐network bioink to generate anatomically accurate and mechanical tunable scaffold for cartilage regeneration is reported. Poly(lactic acid) (PLLA) short fibers are first prepared by electrospinning and then fragmented through aminolysis reaction. Composite inks are constructed with an incorporation of fragmented microfibers with varied amounts and lengths into oxidized alginate bioink. The results show that incorporation of PLLA short fibers not only improves the printing fidelity but also facilitates in generating mechanically strong constructs. By incorporating gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and optimizing the bioink composition, the fabricated constructs with a compressive stress of ≈150 kPa even after 100 cyclical compression loading (up to 40% of strain) are achieved. In addition, this mechanically reinforced alginate/GelMA double‐network bioink displays good biocompatibility and supports bone marrow‐derived stromal cell chondrogenesis in vitro. Collectively, these findings demonstrate this approach is capable of printing engineered grafts which resemble the irregular size and mechanical properties of cartilage and thus hold potential for functional tissue regeneration.
Theory and application of labelling techniques for interpretability logics
Authors: Goris Evan , Bílková Marta , Joosten Joost J. , Mikec Luka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe notion of a critical successor [5] in relational semantics has been central to most classic modal completeness proofs in interpretability logics. In this paper we shall work with a more general notion, that of an assuring successor. This will enable more concisely formulated completeness proofs, both with respect to ordinary and generalised Veltman semantics. Due to their interesting theoretical properties, we will devote some space to the study of a particular kind of assuring labels, the so‐called full labels and maximal labels. After a general treatment of assuringness, we shall apply it to obtain a completeness result for the modal logic w.r.t. generalised semantics for a restricted class of frames.
Nontraditional Redox Active Aliphatic Luminescent Polymer for Ratiometric pH Sensing and Sensing‐Removal‐Reduction of Cu(II): Strategic Optimization of Composition
Authors: Deb Mousumi , Hassan Nadira , Chowdhury Deepak , Sanfui MD Hussain , Roy Shrestha , Bhattacharjee Chiranjib , Majumdar Swapan , Chattopadhyay Pijush Kanti , Singha Nayan Ranjan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHere, redox active aliphatic luminescent polymers (ALPs) are synthesized via polymerization of N,N‐dimethyl‐2‐propenamide (DMPA) and 2‐methyl‐2‐propenoic acid (MPA). The structures and properties of the optimum ALP3, ALP3‐aggregate and Cu(I)‐ALP3, ratiometric pH sensing, redox activity, aggregation enhanced emission (AEE), Stokes shift, and oxygen‐donor selective coordination‐reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) are explored via spectroscopic, microscopic, density functional theory‐reduced density gradient (DFT‐RDG), fluorescence quenching, adsorption isotherm‐thermodynamics, and electrochemical methods. The intense blue and green fluorescence of ALP3 emerges at pH = 7.0 and 9.0, respectively, due to alteration of fluorophores from –C(═O)N(CH3)2/ –C(═O)OH to –C(O−)═N+(CH3)2/ –C(═O)O−, inferred from binding energies at 401.32 eV (–C(O−)═N+(CH3)2) and 533.08 eV (–C(═O)O–), significant red shifting in absorption and emission spectra, and peak at 2154 cm−1. The n−π* communications in ALP3‐aggregate, hydrogen bondings within 2.34–2.93 Å (intramolecular) in ALP3 and within 1.66–2.89 Å (intermolecular) in ALP3‐aggregate, respectively, contribute significantly in fluorescence, confirmed from NMR titration, ratiometric pH sensing, AEE, excitation dependent emission, and Stokes shift and DFT‐RDG analyses. For ALP3, Stokes shift, excellent limit of detection, adsorption capacity, and redox potentials are 13561 cm−1/1.68 eV, 0.137 ppb, 122.93 mg g−1, and 0.33/−1.04 V at pH 7.0, respectively.
Wideband high‐efficiency extended continuous Class F power amplifier using a new wideband bandstop network
Authors: Jia Minshi , Cheng Zhiqun , Shi Yongre , Li Hang , Zhao Xiaomei , Zhang Zhiwei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this letter, we propose a novel methodology for designing high‐efficiency broadband harmonic‐controlled power amplifiers (PAs) using a new wideband bandstop network. This network consists of many parallel open circuit microstrip lines, each corresponding to a quarter of wavelength for different frequencies. This topology can improve efficiency and bandwidth by controlling harmonic match impedance. The harmonic and the fundamental matching networks can be designed simultaneously to reduce the mutual effect between them. We also design and fabricate a highly efficient PA with more than an octave bandwidth to verify the validity of the proposed network structure. The measured results show that the fractional bandwidth is 82.9% from 1.2 to 2.9 GHz. The drain efficiency that can be achieved is 86.06% and the maximum output power is 42.97 dBm when the input power is 30 dBm between 1.2 and 2.9 GHz.
Exploring the impact of anterior chest wall scars from implantable venous ports in adolescent survivors of cancer
Authors: Connolly Bairbre L. , Amirabadi Afsaneh , Goman Simal , Aloia Adri‐Anna , Fish Joel , Alexander Natasha , Nathan Paul C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn children with cancer, port‐a‐caths (ports) are commonly placed in the right anterior chest wall, leaving a visible scar when removed. The psychological impact of port scars on survivors is unknown. It is unclear whether alternative sites should be considered. We assessed the impact of port scars on pediatric cancer survivors to determine whether a change in location is indicated.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional single‐center study of pediatric cancer survivors aged 13–18 years. A questionnaire explored participants’ perceptions of their port scars. Four additional validated tools were used: Fitzpatrick scale, Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index, and a Distress Thermometer.ResultsAmong 100 participants (median age 15.8 years [13–18], median duration since treatment 8 years [1.5–14.8]), 75 ‘never/occasionally’ thought about their port scars, 85 were not bothered by its location and 87 would not have preferred another site. Eleven participants were highly impacted by their scars: six thought about their scar ‘everyday/all the time’, four were highly bothered by its location, and nine would have preferred a different location. There was an association between the desire for different scar location and how much the location bothered participants (p < 0.0001), female sex (p = 0.03) and Patient POSAS score (p = 0.04).ConclusionA port scar on the anterior chest wall was not a major concern for the majority of this cohort. A minority of participants were highly impacted by the scar and its location. Advance identification of those likely to be impacted by their scars may not be possible.
Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as a high‐throughput phenotyping tool for quantifying protein quality in pulse crops
Authors: Madurapperumage Amod , Johnson Nathan , Thavarajah Pushparajah , Tang Leung , Thavarajah Dil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFourier‐transform mid‐infrared (FT‐MIR) spectroscopy is a high‐throughput, cost‐effective method to quantify nutritional traits, such as total protein and sulfur‐containing amino acid (SAA) concentrations, in plant matter. This study used the spectroscopic technique FT‐MIR coupled with attenuated total internal reflectance sampling interface to develop multivariate models for total protein concentration in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), and lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), in addition to SAA concentration in lentil. Total nitrogen data from combustion analysis and SAA data from high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis following acid hydrolysis were used for model calibration and validation. Models for the total protein concentration of chickpea (calibration root mean square error [RMSE] = 0.093, R2 = 0.948, prediction RMSE = 0.10), dry pea (calibration RMSE = 0.096, R2 = 0.845, prediction RMSE = 0.093), and lentil (calibration RMSE = 0.13, R2 = 0.845, prediction RMSE = 0.11) utilized infrared regions associated with protein structures, namely amide bands A, I, and II. In sulfur‐related models for lentil total SAA (calibration RMSE = 0.014, R2 = 0.827, prediction RMSE = 0.022) and methionine (calibration RMSE = 0.0075, R2 = 0.815, prediction RMSE = 0.014) models utilized the C‐S and S‐CH3 stretching and bending bands. Study findings support the conclusion that FT‐MIR spectroscopy is a promising high‐throughput and cost‐effective phenotyping technique that will allow quantifying protein traits quickly and easily in pulse crops.
Vitamin A supplementation for the prevention of chronic lung disease in premature infants: A cost‐utility analysis
Authors: Buendía Jefferson A. , Guerrero Patiño Diana , Lindarte Erika Fernanda 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionDespite the growing evidence on efficacy, little is known regarding the efficiency of Vitamin A supplementation to decrease the probability of chronic lung disease (CLD) in preterm infants. This study aims to determine the cost‐utility of Vitamin A to prevent CLD in preterm infants in Colombia.MethodsA decision tree model was used to estimate the cost and quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs) of Vitamin A supplementation in preterm infants. Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the model. Cost‐effectiveness was evaluated at a willingness‐to‐pay value of US$5180.ResultsVitamin A was associated with lower costs and higher QALYs. The expected annual cost per patient with Vitamin A was US$1579 (95% CI US$1555–US$1585) and without Vitamin A was US$1913 (95% CI US$1891–US$1934). The QALYs per person estimated with Vitamin A was 0.66 (95% CI 0.66–0.67) and without Vitamin A was 0.61 (95% CI 0.60–0.61). This position of absolute dominance (Vitamin A has lower costs and higher QALYs than without Vitamin A) is unnecessary to estimate the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio.ConclusionOur economic evaluation shows that Vitamin A is cost‐effective to reduce the incidence rate of CLD in premature infants in Colombia. Our study provides evidence that should be used by decision‐makers to improve clinical practice guidelines.
Self‐Healing of HTPB Based Polyurethane Binder via Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization
Authors: Dhas Akash M , Ghosh Kavita , Banerjee Shaibal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe self‐healing capability of Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethane binder via Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization(ROMP) is reported. Microencapsulated healing agent Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) and wax protected Ru‐based Grubbs catalyst were incorporated in binder matrix (i.e,HTPB) uniformly to heal the cracks. These healing agents were also incorporated into HTPB matrix individually to check healing properties on their own and thereafter cured for five days. The incorporation of these healing agents in binder matrix did not affect the curing of matrix. It was found out that cuts when applied to the matrix were self‐healed at room temperature. Mechanical testing have revealed that around 50 % of tensile strength was regained in the healed specimen.
Insight into substrate‐assisted catalytic mechanism and stereoselectivity of bifunctional nocardicin thioesterase
Authors: Yu Qian , Lu Wei , Li Daixi , Shi Ting 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe inversion from L‐ to D‐stereochemistry endows peptides improved bioactivity and enhanced resistance to many proteases and peptidases. To strengthen the biostability and bioavailability of peptide drugs, enzymatic epimerization becomes an important way to incorporate D‐amino acid into peptide backbones. Recently, a bifunctional thioesterase NocTE, which is responsible for the epimerization and hydrolysis of the C‐terminal (p‐hydroxyphenyl)glycine residue of β‐lactam antibiotic nocardicin A, exclusively directs to the generation of D‐diastereomers. Different from other epimerases, NocTE exhibits unique stereochemical selectivity. Herein, we investigated the catalytic mechanism of NocTE via molecular dynamic (MD) simulations and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations. Through structural analyses, two key water molecules around the reaction site were found to serve as proton mediators in epimerization. The structural characteristics inspired us to propose a substrate‐assisted mechanism for the epimerization, where multi‐step proton transfers were mediated by water molecules and β‐lactam ring, and the free energy barrier was calculated to be 20.3 kcal/mol. After that, the hydrolysis of D‐configured substrate was energetically feasible with the energy barrier of 14.3 kcal/mol. As a comparison, the energy barrier for the direct hydrolysis of L‐configured substrate was obtained to be 24.0 kcal/mol. Our study provides mechanistic insights into catalytic activities of bifunctional thioesterase NocTE, uncovers more clues to the molecular basis for stereochemical selectivity and paves the way for the directed biosynthesis of novel peptide drugs with various stereostructural characteristics by enzyme rational design.
Declining interest in science in lower secondary school classes: Quasi‐experimental and longitudinal evidence on the role of teaching and teaching quality
Authors: Steidtmann Lena , Kleickmann Thilo , Steffensky Mirjam 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough promoting student interest is a pivotal educational goal, student interest in science, and particularly in physics, declines substantially during secondary school. This study focused on the long‐term development of interest in physics at the lower secondary level (grades 5–7) and examined the role of teaching and teaching quality on the development. In particular, the study investigated the role of whether or not physics was taught in class and the role of perceived teaching quality for classes' interest trajectories. The results provide evidence of declining interest in physics from Grade 5 to 7, with stronger declines from Grade 5 to 6. Whether classes participated in physics teaching or not neither notably reduced nor increased interest in physics. However, several dimensions of perceived teaching quality (in particular, cognitive activation and cognitive support) mitigated the decline in interest.