bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tooth as graft material: Histologic study
Authors: Minetti Elio , Corbella Stefano , Taschieri Silvio , Canullo Luigi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn effective regenerative protocol is key to reestablish and maintain the hard and soft tissue dimensions over time. The choice of the graft material and its properties also could have an impact on the results. To prevent alveolar ridge dimensional changes, since numerous graft materials have been suggested and in the past years, a growing interest in teeth material has been observed as a valuable alternative to synthetic biomaterials.AimThe aim of the study was to explore the histomorphometric outcomes of tooth derivative materials as used as bone substitute material in socket preservation procedure.MethodsAfter alveolar socket preservation (ASP) procedures using autologous demineralized tooth as graft material prepared by means of an innovative device, was evaluated. A total of 101 histological samples, from 96 subjects, were analyzed by evaluating the total amount of bone (BV), residual tooth material (residual graft, TT), and vital bone (VB). The section from each sample was then split in nine subsections, resulting in 909 subsections, to allow statistical comparison between the different areas.ResultsIt was not noticed a statistically significant difference between maxillary and mandibular sites, being the amount of VB in upper jaw sites 37.9 ± 21.9% and 38.0 ± 22.0% in lower jaw sites and the amount of TT was 7.7 ± 12.2% in maxilla and 7.0 ± 11.1% in mandibles. None of the other considered parameters, including defect type and section position, were statistically correlated to the results of the histomorphometric analysis.ConclusionsASP procedure using demineralized autologous tooth‐derived biomaterial may be a predictable procedure to produce new vital bone potentially capable to support dental implant rehabilitation.
Detection of pulmonary hypertension with six training strategies based on deep learning technology
Authors: Wang Miao , Wang JiWen , Hu YaTing , Guo BinBin , Tang Hong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive condition with high mortality. At present, the most accurate diagnosis method is invasive. However, noninvasive methods existed are inaccurate, and could not be used for continuous monitoring. The heart sound (HS) signals allow the earliest monitoring to diagnose a possible cardiovascular pathology. It has become an important tool for evaluating hemodynamic status of heart in outpatient monitoring. The primary aim of this study is to detect the PH disease using the HS signals. The authors develop and test a wavelet scattering convolution network (WSCN) based on long short term memory (LSTM) approach to detect the PH by using the HS signals. We conduct validation using 131 subjects through five cross‐validations. Six methods are used to test the different training strategies and models. We have validated our experiment based on subject dependent, subject independent, subject without segmentation, classification with feature extraction, classification without feature extraction, and classification by CNN and ensemble methods, respectively. Our best general model has a classification accuracy of 94.40%, which outperforms the previous best performance in terms of PH in the literature. The capability of the method is high as it is assessed by the five evaluation indicators, such as the accuracy, specificity, precision, sensitivity, and F1 score. Moreover, establishing the diagnosis with the WSCN+LSTM approach is less time cost. The WSCN based on the LSTM approach is developed to detect PH disease. The system for PH classification, allows for noninvasive assessment of a heart condition in suspect patients without many cost and without risk of invasive detection.
A phase I study to evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of respiratory syncytial virus neutralizing monoclonal antibody MK‐1654 in healthy Japanese adults
Authors: Orito Yuji , Otani Naoyuki , Matsumoto Yuki , Fujimoto Katsukuni , Oshima Nobuyuki , Maas Brian M. , Caro Luzelena , Aliprantis Antonios O. , Cox Kara S. , Tokumaru Osamu , Kodama Masaaki , Kudo Hideo , Imai Hiromitsu , Uemura Naoto 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection among all infants worldwide and remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. To address this unmet medical need, MK‐1654, a half‐life extended RSV neutralizing monoclonal antibody, is in clinical development for the prevention of RSV disease in infants. This was a phase I, randomized, placebo‐controlled, single‐site, double‐blind trial of MK‐1654 in 44 healthy Japanese adults. The safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, antidrug antibodies (ADAs), and serum neutralizing antibody (SNA) titers against RSV were evaluated for 1 year after a single intramuscular (i.m.) or intravenous (i.v.) dose of MK‐1654 or placebo in five groups (100 mg i.m., 300 mg i.m., 300 mg i.v., 1000 mg i.v., or placebo). MK‐1654 was generally well‐tolerated in Japanese adults. There were no serious drug‐related adverse events (AEs) reported in any MK‐1654 recipient and no discontinuations due to any AEs in the study. The half‐life of MK‐1654 ranged from 76 to 91 days across dosing groups. Estimated bioavailability was 86% for 100 mg i.m. and 77% for 300 mg i.m. One participant out of 33 (3.0%) developed detectable ADA with no apparent associated AEs. The RSV SNA titers increased in a dose‐dependent manner among participants who received MK‐1654. These data support the development of MK‐1654 for use in Japanese infants.
Extensive intra‐myocardial calcifications: Value of multimodality imaging
Authors: Sozzi Fabiola B. , Iacuzio Laura , Schiavone Marco , Civaia Filippo , Carugo Stefano , Canetta Ciro , Levy Franck , Eker Armand 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMassive myocardial calcification is a very rare finding.IntroductionAccurate identification and characteriation may help the clinicians to determine the etiology and clinical
significance.ResultsIn this case, the diagnostic pathway excluded previous myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and calcium‐phosphate disorders. A possible dystrophic etiology was considered.DiscussionThere are no standardized imaging features available to classify specific subtypes of intra‐myocardial calcifications. The relative merits of computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in providing complimentary diagnostic information in the evaluation of calcific myocardial lesions are shown.ConclusionKnowledge of the potential etiology and their imging patterns are important to provide a concise and accurate differential diagnosis.
Altered brain activity and functional networks in school‐age boys with severe haemophilia A: A resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Hu Di , Liu Jingran , Liu Guoqing , Hu Shasha , Li Zekun , Wei Yunyun , Zhang Ningning , Wu Runhui , Peng Yun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionMicrostructural alterations of brain structure in haemophilic boys were found in our previous study.AimWe investigated alterations of brain function in school‐age boys with severe haemophilia A (HA) with resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI).MethodsWe obtained rs‐fMRI scans from 24 boys with HA and 25 demographically matched healthy children. Spontaneous brain activity parameters were calculated. Graph theoretical analyses on rs‐fMRI data at the global and regional levels were performed. Two‐sample t tests were used to analyze differences, and correlation analyses identified relationships between altered neural properties and psychological characteristics.ResultsChildren with severe HA showed small‐worldness organization but with an increased efficiency and compactness in functional segregation. The whole brain showed an overtight connection pattern. At the regional level, significantly increased nodal efficiency in the salience network (SN), default mode network (DMN) and executive control network was found. Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC) scores were positively correlated with these alterations. Spontaneous brain activity alterations in regions including the cerebellum, frontal gyrus (orbital part), temporal gyrus and thalamus were observed; some of these regions have been closely related to social anxiety and family or social support.ConclusionOur study is the first to evaluate the neurological functional changes in school‐age boys with severe HA. Disruptions in topographic characteristics and abnormal activity were closely related to social conditions. These data could help us to understand early neurological alterations in haemophilic children, improve the traditional view of family support and strengthen normal school life at an early stage.
What's Up With Everyone? A qualitative study on young people's perceptions of cocreated online animations to promote mental health literacy
Authors: Ito‐Jaeger Sachiyo , Perez Vallejos Elvira , Curran Thomas , Crawford Paul 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdolescence and young adulthood are especially critical times to learn about mental health, given that 75% of mental health issues are developed by the age of 24. Animations have great potential to effectively deliver mental health information to young people. A series of five short animated films to promote mental health literacy were created with and for young people in partnership with the multi‐award‐winning independent animation studio, Aardman Animations. The aim of this study was to explore young people's perceptions of the cocreated animated films.MethodsSeven Youth Juries were conducted to capture young people's opinions and recommendations about the content related to mental health literacy and presentation style of the cocreated animated films. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the audio transcripts.ResultsMany participants reported a view that the animated films had the potential to promote mental health literacy, especially for understanding mental health and reducing stigma. Some recommendations were provided to improve the films, such as including subtitles and having a better transition to the companion website.ConclusionCocreated animations have great potential to promote the mental health literacy of young people. We hope that the findings from the present study will inform future media development to make them as effective as possible.Patient or Public ContributionYoung people were actively involved in the development, production, implementation and evaluation (up to the time before data analysis) of the animated films.
A novel preoperative analysis method of upper blepharoplasty: Movable pulley concept
Authors: Hwang Jin , Park Tae Hwan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundUp to date, many surgical techniques have been introduced for upper eyelid rejuvenation. Despite those technical advances, little attention has been put on objective preoperative analysis methods.ObjectivesThe current study introduces our simplified, versatile, and predictable upper eyelid analysis method for upper blepharoplasty patients.MethodsA total of 1509 surgeries were performed from March 2017 to May 2021 using our preoperative analysis method.ResultsAs a result of the operation based on this new analysis method, it was possible to individualize the plan according to the patient's needs and obtain satisfactory outcomes.ConclusionsUsing our simplified, versatile, and predictable upper eyelid analysis method, we could counsel the surgical result with high predictability. In addition, it is a highly recommended method for beginners as it is easy to understand the mechanism of double eyelid surgery.
Emergency department childhood anaphylaxis presentations in regional/remote Australia
Authors: Weber Heinrich C , Bassett Gaylene L , Hollingsworth Laura K , Gan Vincent WS , Rose Samantha , Lim Jacqueline , Prior Sarah J 
Published: May 2022

AimExplore the prevalence of childhood anaphylaxis and clinical presentation of anaphylaxis in children across two regional emergency departments over a 7‐year period.MethodsRetrospective audit of all children (0–18 years) presenting to emergency from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2016 with anaphylaxis, defined by Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy definitions and doctor diagnosis.ResultsSeven hundred and twenty‐four patients were identified with allergic diagnosis, 60% were diagnosed with non‐anaphylaxis allergic reactions or unspecified urticaria and 40% with anaphylaxis (n = 286). Annual prevalence of anaphylaxis remained stable over the study period (M = 30.9/10 000 cases, range: 20.8–48.3/10 000). Gender distribution was equal, median age was 9.48 years (interquartile range = 4–15). Most (71%) arrived by private transport. 23% had a prior history of anaphylaxis. Food triggers (44%) were the most common cause of anaphylaxis. Insect bites/stings triggers occurred in 21%. Patients were promptly assessed (average wait time = 13 min), 16% received prior adrenaline injections. Adrenaline was administered in 26% and 20% were admitted to hospital. On discharge, 29% had a follow‐up plan, 9% received an allergy clinic referral, 6% anaphylaxis action plan, 26% adrenaline autoinjector prescriptions and allergy testing performed in 6%.ConclusionsWe found a relatively low prevalence of overall childhood anaphylaxis in a regional area. The two most common causes of anaphylaxis in this population (food and bites/stings) recorded increased prevalence providing an opportunity for further study. Significant gaps in evidence‐based care of anaphylaxis were noted, demonstrating the need for improved recognition and treatment guideline implementation in regional areas.
Rural‐urban, age, and gender disparities and trends in suicide and homicide: Multistate evidence across 12 years
Authors: Lemke Michael Kenneth , Akinlotan Marvellous , Yang Yijiong , Drake Stacy A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeFew studies have simultaneously assessed age and gender trends in homicide and suicide across the rural‐urban continuum. Herein, we examine geographic and demographic trends in suicide and homicide death rates by: (1) determining overall macro and disaggregated trends; (2) examining differences in trends based on rural‐urban county classification; and (3) identifying differences in stratified trends among age and gender classifications.MethodsA retrospective study design used suicide and homicide data (n = 199,456) from years 2005to 2017 across 16 US states. Suicide and homicide deaths were grouped by age, gender, and rural‐urban classification for descriptive analyses, and trends were analyzed using Joinpoint trend analysis software.FindingsViolence resulted in 142,470 suicide and 56,986 homicide deaths between 2005 and 2017. Among both males and females, overall macro trends of suicide and homicide rates generally increased with greater rurality, and trends in rural rates differed from those in nonrural areas. Joinpoint trend analysis revealed significant increases in male suicide rates in large metropolitan (1.66%), micropolitan (1.78%), and rural areas (1.77%); female suicide rates in large metropolitan (2.17%), small metropolitan (3.25%), and micropolitan areas (3.26%); male homicide rates in large metropolitan areas (10.19%); and female homicide rates in rural areas (8.29%). Finally, when stratified by age, several significant trends were found, including increases in suicide rates among females aged 64 and older in rural areas (11.71%).ConclusionsHeterogeneous trends were found in suicide and homicide rates within specific rural‐urban, age, and gender subgroups. Prevention efforts should proactively target those subgroups identified herein as most at‐risk of violence.
The ‘David’ in a Divided Gulf: Qatar's Foreign Policy and the 2017 Gulf Crisis
Authors: Al‐Eshaq Saoud , Rasheed Amjed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes how Qatar strategically utilized its foreign policy to overcome the implications of the 2017 Gulf crisis. Using neoclassical realism, it investigates the ways in which Qatar used its foreign relations to mitigate the impact of a crisis that barred Qatar from aerial, naval, and land corridors in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates, henceforth referred to as the Quartet. The impacts are threefold. Starting from a macro‐level perspective, Qatar leveraged its status as a crucial energy supplier, alongside the resultant financial boon, to prevent an international consensus supporting the claims of the Quartet. From a micro‐level perspective, the likelihood of military escalation was circumvented by Qatar's ties with Turkey and the United States. Finally, the economic impact of the crisis was largely absorbed by Qatar's ties with Iran.
The burden of chronic kidney disease in Asia, 1990–2019: Examination of estimates from global burden of disease 2019 study
Authors: Aashima  , Nanda Mehak , Sharma Rajesh , Jani Chinmay 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health issue, with Asia accounting for one of the highest CKD prevalence worldwide. This study examines the burden of CKD in Asian continent in the last three decades.Data and MethodsThe estimates of age, sex and year wise burden of CKD for 49 countries in Asia for 1990 to 2019 were procured from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.FindingsIn 2019, there were 9.8 million [9.0–10.6 million] new cases and 763 024 [696 050–823 829] deaths due to CKD in Asia. Between 1990 and 2019, CKD prevalence doubled from 202.4 million [186.5–219.1 million] to 431.2 [400.3–462.0 million]. Although age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of CKD increased from 170.6 [156.7–186.2] in 1990 to 206.3 [190.4–223.4] per 100 000 person‐years in 2019, the age‐standardized mortality rate (ASMR) witnessed a modest reduction from 18.4/100 000 [17.0–20.1] to 17.3/100 000 [15.7–18.7]. In 2019, the ASIR spanned from 141.9/100 000 [126.2–159.2] in Tajikistan to 561.4/100 000 [524.6–598.6] in Saudi Arabia, and ASMR varied from 8.9/100 000 [7.2–9.8] in Japan to Saudi Arabia (52.9 [42.8–63.1]). Between 1990 and 2019, absolute count of CKD incident cases, deaths, prevalent cases and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) increased 100% or more in 48/49, 32/49, 43/49 and 23/49 countries, respectively.InterpretationCKD is widespread in the Asian region, with an alarming burden in resource‐constrained countries. Strategies such as promoting awareness, screening among high‐risk individuals, provision of cost‐effective therapies, and increased healthcare coverage could help deal with the CKD epidemic in Asia.
Flash‐free and conventional adhesive ceramic brackets in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Daraqel Baraa , Yingying Tang , Zheng Leilei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo investigate whether flash‐free adhesive ceramic brackets (FFA) have a better clinical performance than conventional adhesive ceramic brackets (CVA) in patients undergoing multi‐bracket orthodontic treatment. PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, CNKI and Grey‐literature were searched without restrictions up to January 2022. Both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were included. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the RoB 2.0 and ROBINS‐I cochrane risk of bias tools. Eight articles, for seven studies, were included in this systematic review, and four split‐mouth trials (SMT) were included in the meta‐analysis. A random‐effects meta‐analysis found a statistically significant faster bonding time with FFA (mean difference [MD] = −93.85 seconds/quadrant, P = .002, 2 SMT), and no statistically significant difference regarding bracket failure rate at 6 months (risk ratio [RR] = 1.05; P = .93, 3 SMT), adhesive removal time (MD = −18.26 seconds/quadrant, P = .50, 2 SMT), and amount of remnant adhesive (MD = −0.13/bracket, P = .72, 2 SMT) between FFA and CVA. No difference (P > .05, 3 SMT) was found in enamel demineralization and periodontal measurements. CVA showed a statistically significant higher debonding pain score (P = .004, 1 SMT). Both flash‐free and conventional adhesive ceramic brackets had a similar clinical performance, except for the faster bonding with FFA. Further, well‐designed clinical trials are still required.
Time‐series expression profiles of mRNAs and lncRNAs during mammalian palatogenesis
Authors: Huang Wenbin , Zhong Wenjie , He Qing , Xu Yizhu , Lin Jiuxiang , Ding Yi , Zhao Huaxiang , Zheng Xiaowen , Zheng Yunfei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesMammalian palatogenesis is a highly regulated morphogenetic process to form the intact roof of the oral cavity. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs participate in numerous biological and pathological processes, but their roles in palatal development and causing orofacial clefts (OFC) remain to be clarified.MethodsPalatal tissues were separated from ICR mouse embryos at four stages (E10.5, E13.5, E15, and E17). Then, RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) was used. Various analyses were performed to explore the results. Finally, hub genes were validated via qPCR and in situ hybridization.ResultsStarting from E10.5, the expression of cell adhesion genes escalated in the following stages. Cilium assembly and ossification genes were both upregulated at E15 compared with E13.5. Besides, the expression of cilium assembly genes was also increased at E17 compared with E15. Expression patterns of three lncRNAs (H19, Malat1, and Miat) and four mRNAs (Cdh1, Irf6, Grhl3, Efnb1) detected in RNA‐seq were validated.ConclusionsThis study provides a time‐series expression landscape of mRNAs and lncRNAs during palatogenesis, which highlights the importance of processes such as cell adhesion and ossification. Our results will facilitate a deeper understanding of the complexity of gene expression and regulation during palatogenesis.
Effects of Blue Light on Hypocrellin A Production in Shiraia Mycelium Cultures
Authors: Li Xin Ping , Ji Hong Yao , Wang Wen Juan , Shen Wen Hao , Wang Jian Wen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBlue light is a crucial environmental cue for fungi. Hypocrellin A (HA) is a photoactive perylenequinone from Shiraia with strong antimicrobial and anticancer properties. In this study, effects of the illumination of blue–light‐emitting diode (LED) at 470 nm on Shiraia sp. S8 were investigated. Blue light at 50–200 lx and 4–6 h day−1 could enhance HA content in the mycelia, but suppress it at 300–400 lx or with longer exposure (8–24 h day−1). The intermittent blue light (6 h day−1) at 200 lx not only enhanced the fungal conidiation but also stimulated HA production without any growth retardation. The generation of fungal reactive oxygen species was induced to upregulate HA biosynthetic gene expressions. When the culture was maintained under the intermittent blue light for 8 days, HA production reached 242.76 mg L−1, 2.27‐fold of the dark control. On the other hand, both the degradation of HA and downregulation of HA biosynthetic genes occurred under long exposure time (8–24 h day−1), leading to the suppression of HA production. These results provide a basis for understanding the regulation of blue light on the biosynthesis of fungal photoactivated perylenequinones, and the application of a novel light elicitation to Shiraia mycelium cultures for enhanced HA production.