bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of a Novel [diresorcinate‐1,10‐phenanthrolinecobalt(II)] Complex, and Potentiodynamic Fabrication of Poly(DHRPCo)/GCE for Selective Square Wave Voltammetric Determination of Procaine Penicillin G in Pharmaceutical and Biological Fluid Samples
Authors: Kassa Adane , Abebe Atakilt , Tamiru Getinet , Amare Meareg 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis work presents synthesis, and characterization of a novel [diresorcinate‐1,10‐phenanthrolinecobalt(II)] (DHRPCo) complex, and potentiodynamic fabrication of poly(DHRPCo)/GCE for SWV determination of procaine penicillin G (ProPenG) in various pharmaceutical and biological samples. While UV‐Vis and FT‐IR results demonstrated stepwise synthesis of DHRPCo, the CV and EIS results evidenced modification of the surface of GCE by an electroactive polymer film that improved electrode surface area. In contrast to the peak of ProPenG at the unmodified electrode, an irreversible oxidative peak at poly(DHRPCo)/GCE with lower potential and six folds of current enhancement observed, that confirmed electrocatalytic effect of the polymer, SWV response of poly(DHRPCo)/GCE showed linear dependence on concentration of ProPenG in the range 0.1–200 μM, with LoD of 4.9 nM. Spike recovery results in various pharmaceutical and biological samples in the range 98.03–106.50 %, interference recovery in the presence of selected potential interferents at their various levels with associated errors under 3.39 %, and stability of the modifier with analysis time validated the method for determination of ProPenG. Poly(DHRPCo)/GCE was applied for determination of ProPenG in three brands of injection pharmaceutical formulation, human urine, human blood serum, and cow's milk samples. While no ProPenG was detected in the human urine, serum, and cow's milk samples, detected ProPenG in the injection powder samples was within 96.1–101.3 % of company label. The developed method showed superior performance over recently reported methods making it an excellent candidate for determination of ProPenG in real samples.
Trimetallic Au@RhCu Core‐Shell Nanodendrites as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts toward Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions
Authors: He Zeyang , Wang Haoquan , Yu Tao , Zuo Linzhi , Yan Shitan , Bian Ting , Su Shichuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDeveloping efficient and stable electrocatalysts for water splitting is highly desirable due to growing energy demands. Here, Au@RhCu nanodendrites with core‐shell nanostructure were facile generated via seed‐mediated method. Through composition optimization, the Au@Rh3Cu nanodendrites show excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity with an overpotential of 83 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2, together with a small Tafel slope of 33.4 mV dec−1. Meanwhile, the Au@Rh3Cu nanocrystals are also a good oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst with an overpotential of 415 mV (at 10 mA cm−2) and a Tafel slope of 127 mV dec−1. Additionally, the Au@Rh3Cu exhibits excellent stability for both HER and OER. Such attractive catalytic performance can be assigned to the large surface area produced by the unique core‐shell dendritic nanostructure, the synergistic effect between different metal elements and the positive influence of Au seeds. This work would offer a reliable pathway for the design of multimetallic core‐shell dendritic nanostructures as promising electrocatalysts toward water splitting.
Hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodobenzene (HTIB): A Convenient Oxidizing Agent for the Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: Kamal Raj , Omkar  , Kumar Vipan , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOrgano hypervalent iodine reagents are nowadays more attractive and versatile reagents for various chemical transformations in synthetic organic chemistry. These reagents are milder and having similar reactivity compared with toxic heavy metal reagents. Organo hypervalent iodine (λ3) reagents are successfully utilized to prepare synthetically and biologically important heterocycles. Hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodobenzene (HTIB) also acknowledged as Koser's reagent uses as an environmentally sustainable alternative to toxic heavy metals for the numerous and valuable organic transformations. The goal of this review is to highlight the recent advancements of the HTIB especially in the construction of heterocycles with various substitution patterns in a well‐organized form via tosyloxylation of ketones and oxidative cyclization methodology. This review compiles the up‐to‐date synthetic advancements of HTIB in the field of heterocycles.
Metal‐Free Derivatization of Benzhydrols with Organosilanes
Authors: Almaghrabi Mona , Bolshan Yuri 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA methodology for the direct coupling between benzhydryl alcohols and organotrimethylsilanes has been developed. This transformation occurs in the presence of a substoichiometric amount of an inexpensive, commercially available aqueous tetrafluoroboric acid catalyst. The developed conditions demonstrate good functional group tolerance to both electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing substituents. Additionally, the reaction conditions do not require the exclusion of air and moisture.
Cascade Reaction by I2/Base‐Promoted Synthesis of Chromeno‐[3,4‐c]pyrrol‐4(2H)‐ones from 2‐Hydroxychalcones and β‐Enamine Esters
Authors: Wu Qin , Wang Shuang , Li Jingpeng , Li Weiqiang , Chen Minghong , Huang Chao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn efficient methodology for the synthesis of a variety of chromeno[3,4‐c]pyrrol‐4(2H)‐ones from 2‐hydroxychalcones and N‐substituted β‐enamine esters via I2/base promoted Michael addition/cyclization/lactonization/aromatization sequence have been developed, affording the coumarin heterocyclic derivatives in moderate to excellent yields. This approach is a highly efficient and convenient way to get derivatives of chromeno[3,4‐c]pyrrol‐4(2H)‐ones from readily accessible substrates under green reaction conditions.
Mechanistic Study of Silyl‐Assist Effect on 1,2‐cis‐α‐Glucosylation
Authors: Kawanobe Yuichi , Kuragaki Naoya , Tsubomura Taro , Yamazaki Yasuomi , Kuribara Taiki , Totani Kiichiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe stereoselectivity of the 1,2‐cis‐α‐glucosylation reaction has been reported to be enhanced by introducing a tert‐butyldimethylsilyl (TBS) protecting group into the glucosyl donor. Herein, the origin of this silyl‐assist effect was identified using chemical experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Glucosylation reactions using various glucosyl donors with different TBS group positions showed that α‐selectivity decreased when the TBS group position was further from the anomeric position. These systematic experiments showed that the silyl‐assist effect was mainly due to electronic factors. Comparing DFT calculations of oxocarbenium intermediates derived from typical glucosyl donors showed that the introduced TBS group contributed to enhanced electron density at the anomeric position. Chemical experiments and DFT calculations showed that introducing a TBS group near the anomeric position stabilized the cationic intermediate and promoted α‐selectivity.
Microfluidic Size Exclusion Chromatography (μSEC) for Extracellular Vesicles and Plasma Protein Separation
Authors: Leong Sheng Yuan , Ong Hong Boon , Tay Hui Min , Kong Fang , Upadya Megha , Gong Lingyan , Dao Ming , Dalan Rinkoo , Hou Han Wei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as next generation diagnostic biomarkers due to their disease‐specific biomolecular cargoes and importance in cell–cell communications. A major bottleneck in EV sample preparation is the inefficient and laborious isolation of nanoscale EVs (≈50–200 nm) from endogenous proteins in biological samples. Herein, a unique microfluidic platform is reported for EV‐protein fractionation based on the principle of size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Using a novel rapid (≈20 min) replica molding technique, a fritless microfluidic SEC device (μSEC) is fabricated using thiol‐ene polymer (UV glue NOA81, Young's modulus ≈1 GPa) for high pressure (up to 6 bar) sample processing. Controlled on‐chip nanoliter sample plug injection (600 nL) using a modified T‐junction injector is first demonstrated with rapid flow switching response time (<1.5 s). Device performance is validated using fluorescent nanoparticles (50 nm), albumin, and breast cancer cells (MCF‐7)‐derived EVs. As a proof‐of‐concept for clinical applications, EVs are directly isolated from undiluted human platelet‐poor plasma using μSEC and show distinct elution profiles between EVs and proteins based on nanoparticle particle analysis (NTA), Western blot and flow cytometry analysis. Overall, the optically transparent μSEC can be readily automated and integrated with EV detection assays for EVs manufacturing and clinical diagnostics.
Ultrathin and Super Strong UHMWPE Supported Composite Anion Exchange Membranes with Outstanding Fuel Cells Performance
Authors: Yuan Wei , Zeng Lingping , Li Ying , Wang Jianchuan , Wang Xi , Liao Qiang , Li Li , Wei Zidong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFor high‐performance anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), the anion exchange membrane (AEMs) should be as thin as possible to reduce the ohmic resistance. However, the mechanical stability of ultrathin AEMs cannot be guaranteed, as well as a huge risk of gas (H2&O2) permeation. In this work, composite AEMs based on ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are prepared by in situ bulk polymerization. The as‐prepared composite membranes can be as thin as 4 µm, and possess super high strength beyond 150 MPa. It also shows extremely low hydrogen permeation, low water uptake, low dimensional swelling, high conductivity, and good alkaline stability. In addition, the fuel cell performance based on the ultrathin composite AEMs exhibits outstanding peak power density of 1014 and 534 mW cm−2 for H2‐O2 and H2‐Air (CO2‐free) at 65 °C, respectively, as well as good short‐term durability.
Gold nanostar‐based complexes applied for cancer theranostics
Authors: Yang Rui , Gao Yue , Ouyang Zhijun , Shi Xiangyang , Shen Mingwu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCancer remains a major health problem that plagues human beings, calling widespread attention to develop novel theranostics to achieve sensitive diagnosis and efficient therapy. Multifunctional nanomedicine that can integrate diagnosis with treatment formulations has been emerging as a powerful strategy to overcome the current drawbacks in conventional clinical cancer treatments. Due to the good biocompatibility, easy surface modification, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)/computed tomography (CT)/photoacoustic (PA) imaging properties, and exceptional photothermal performance of gold nanostars (AuNSs), various AuNS‐based complexes or nanohybrids including metal compound/AuNSs, SiO2/AuNSs, polymer/AuNSs, and dendrimer/AuNSs, and so forth have been developed, holding great blueprint in cancer theranostics. Herein, we concisely review the recent progresses in the intriguing design of AuNS‐based nanoplatforms, and their applications in bioimaging, therapy and imaging‐guided cancer treatment, and clarify the possible future perspectives for the design of AuNS‐facilitated cancer theranostics.
Provably non-stiff implementation of weak coupling conditions for hyperbolic problems
Authors: O’Reilly Ossian , Nordström Jan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the context of coupling hyperbolic problems, the maximum stable time step of an explicit numerical scheme may depend on the design of the coupling procedure. If this is the case, the coupling procedure is sensitive to changes in model parameters independent of the Courant–Friedrichs–Levy condition. This sensitivity can cause artificial stiffness that degrades the performance of a numerical scheme. To overcome this problem, we present a systematic and general procedure for weakly imposing coupling conditions via penalty terms in a provably non-stiff manner. The procedure can be used to construct both energy conservative and dissipative couplings, and the user is given control over the amount of dissipation desired. The resulting formulation is simple to implement and dual consistent. The penalty coefficients take the form of projection matrices based on the coupling conditions. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this procedure results in both optimal spectral radii and superconvergent linear functionals.
Identification of Preoperative Fat‐Free Mass Index for the Prognosis of Curatively Resected Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Yago Akikazu , Ohkura Yu , Ueno Masaki , Fujisawa Kentoku , Ogawa Yusuke , Shimoyama Hayato , Urabe Masayuki , Haruta Shusuke , Udagawa Harushi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe progressive, systemic depletion of muscle mass is a poor prognostic factor for various types of cancers. However, the assessment of body composition for patients with esophagectomy remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the significance of the fat‐free mass index (FFMI) and estimated the appropriate cutoff value.MethodsWe compiled clinicopathological characteristics of patients who underwent curative operation for esophageal cancer between October 2013 and March 2018 at Toranomon Hospital and reviewed them until December 2020. We analyzed the short‐ and long‐term outcomes, compared to conventional nutritional factors, and calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsA total of 200 patients were eligible for inclusion. FFMI was ineffective in predicting postoperative complications, with no correlation with other nutritional biomarkers. Preoperative low FFMI led to poor overall survival (OS), and the lower cutoff values based on the time‐dependent ROC analysis were 14.4 and 16.8 kg/m2 in women and men, respectively. Multivariate analysis for OS revealed that low FFMI (p = 0.010, HR 2.437, 95% CI 1.234–4.815) and clinical stage (p = 0.010, HR 4.781, 95% CI 1.447–15.796) were independent prognostic factors. The 3‐year survival rates were 68.9% in low FFMI and 88.6% in normal FFMI.ConclusionsThe low FFMI was not predictive of postoperative complications but an independent prognostic factor in esophageal cancer with curative resection, having no correlation with other biomarkers. Our cutoff FFMI values could be useful in selecting the target for muscle improvement programs.
Open holes in composite laminates with finite dimensions: structural assessment by analytical methods
Authors: Nguyen-Hoang M. , Becker W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOpen circular holes are an important design feature, for instance in bolted joint connections. However, stress concentrations arise whose magnitude depends on the material anisotropy and on the defect size relative to the outer finite plate dimensions. To design both safe and light-weight optimal structures, precise means for the assessment are crucial. These can be based on analytical methods providing efficient computation. For this purpose, the focus of the present paper is to provide a comprehensive stress and failure analysis framework based on analytical methods, which is also suitable for use in industry contexts. The stress field for the orthotropic finite-width open-hole problem under uniform tension is derived using the complex potential method. The results are eventually validated against Finite-Element analyses revealing excellent agreement. Then, a failure analysis to predict brittle crack initiation is conducted by means of the Theory of Critical Distances and Finite Fracture Mechanics. These failure concepts of different modelling complexity are compared to each other and validated against experimental data. The size effect is captured, and in this context, the influence of finite width on the effective failure load reduction is investigated.
A comparison of deep learning models for end-to-end face-based video retrieval in unconstrained videos
Authors: Ciaparrone Gioele , Chiariglione Leonardo , Tagliaferri Roberto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFace-based video retrieval (FBVR) is the task of retrieving videos that containing the same face shown in the query image. In this article, we present the first end-to-end FBVR pipeline that is able to operate on large datasets of unconstrained, multi-shot, multi-person videos. We adapt an existing audiovisual recognition dataset to the task of FBVR and use it to evaluate our proposed pipeline. We compare a number of deep learning models for shot detection, face detection, and face feature extraction as part of our pipeline on a validation dataset made of more than 4000 videos. We obtain 97.25% mean average precision on an independent test set, composed of more than 1000 videos. The pipeline is able to extract features from videos at$$\sim $$∼7 times the real-time speed, and it is able to perform a query on thousands of videos in less than 0.5 s.
Combination of waveforms in modern spinal cord stimulation
Authors: S Piedade G. , S. Gillner , J. Slotty P. , J Vesper 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
After the surge of burst stimulation, different waveforms were developed to optimize results in spinal cord stimulation. Studies have shown higher responder rates for multiwave therapy, but since the launch of such multiwave systems, little is known about the patients’ preference regarding waveforms in the long-term follow-up. No study connected particular waveforms to specific pain etiologies or required stimulation parameters so far.

Method
Thirty-four patients with refractory chronic neuropathic pain were treated with spinal cord stimulation systems providing multiwave therapy between September 2018 and October 2019. Patients with a follow-up of at least 6 months were selected; 10 subjects were excluded due to revision surgery, infection, and loss to follow-up. Data regarding pain intensity and preferred waveform for the trial, the implantation, 3-month and 6-month follow-up were recorded.

Results
During the trial phase, 10 patients (43.5%) achieved significant pain relief using tonic stimulation, 5 using burst (21.7%), 3 using microburst (13.0%), and 4 using a combination of tonic and microburst (17.4%). One single patient preferred Contour stimulation during the trial. After 3 months, 6 patients preferred microburst (25%), 6 preferred tonic (25%), 5 used a combination of tonic and microburst (20.8%), and 5 patients used burst (20.8%). After 6 months, similar results were obtained. Contour and Whisper were used in complex cases failing to other waveforms.

Conclusions
Tonic stimulation, isolated or in combination, remains an important component in spinal cord stimulation, being used by almost half of the patients. Over time, the usage of microburst increased considerably. Whisper and Contour, although battery-consuming, are good salvage options in complex cases.
Vascular and neurosensory evaluation in relation to lingual canal anatomy after mandibular midline implant installation in edentulous patients
Authors: Chaar Mohamed Sad , Naguib Amr Ahmed , Abd Alsamad Ahmed Mohamed , Ahmed Dina Fahim , Abdel Nabi Nouran , Kern Matthias 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study is to investigate vascular and neurosensory complications in edentulous patients following the installation of mandibular midline single implants in relation to lingual canals.

Materials and methods
After performing a cone beam computed tomography scan for the 50 recruited patients, the relationship between the potential implant site and the lingual canals was assessed, and all vascular and neurosensory complications were recorded.

Results
Six patients (12%) reported profuse bleeding during implant placement, and 13 (26%) reported transient neurosensory changes, which were resolved after 3 months. According to the virtual implant planning, 44 patients (88%) would have their implants touching the lingual canals, six of them reported vascular changes (14%), and 12 out of 44 patients reported neurosensory changes (27%). For the six patients who would have their implants not touching the lingual canals, one patient reported transient neurosensory changes.

Conclusions
The mandibular lingual canals are constant anatomic landmarks. Injury to the supra-spinosum lingual canals may occur during midline implant placement, depending on the implant length and the bone height.

Clinical relevance
Despite that injury to the supra-spinosum lingual canals during implant insertion does not result in permanent vascular or neurosensory complications, caution is required to avoid the perforation of the lingual cortices.
Removal of organotin compounds and metals from Swedish marine sediment using Fenton’s reagent and electrochemical treatment
Authors: Norén Anna , Lointier Célia , Modin Oskar , Strömvall Ann-Margret , Rauch Sebastien , Andersson-Sköld Yvonne , Karlfeldt Fedje Karin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetal and tributyltin (TBT) contaminated sediments are problematic for sediment managers and the environment. This study is the first to compare Fenton’s reagent and electrochemical treatment as remediation methods for the removal of TBT and metals using laboratory-scale experiments on contaminated dredged sediment. The costs and the applicability of the developed methods were also compared and discussed. Both methods removed > 98% TBT from TBT-spiked sediment samples, while Fenton’s reagent removed 64% of the TBT and electrolysis 58% of the TBT from non-spiked samples. TBT in water phase was effectively degraded in both experiments on spiked water and in leachates during the treatment of the sediment. Positive correlations were observed between TBT removal and the added amount of hydrogen peroxide and current density. Both methods removed metals from the sediment, but Fenton’s reagent was identified as the most potent option for effective removal of both metals and TBT, especially from highly metal-contaminated sediment. However, due to risks associated with the required chemicals and low pH level in the sediment residue following the Fenton treatment, electrochemical treatment could be a more sustainable option for treating larger quantities of contaminated sediment.