bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rats use strategies to make object choices in spontaneous object recognition tasks
Authors: Ross T. W. , Easton A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Rodent spontaneous object recognition (SOR) paradigms are widely used to study the mechanisms of complex memory in many laboratories. Due to the absence of explicit reinforcement in these tasks, there is an underlying assumption that object exploratory behaviour is ‘spontaneous’. However, rodents can strategise, readily adapting their behaviour depending on the current information available and prior predications formed from learning and memory. Here, using the object-place-context (episodic-like) recognition task and novel analytic methods relying on multiple trials within a single session, we demonstrate that rats use a context-based or recency-based object recognition strategy for the same types of trials, depending on task conditions. Salient and predictable conditions led to animals exploring objects on the basis of episodic novelty reliant on contextual information. However, exposure to occasional ambiguous conditions changed animals’ responses towards a recency-based preference. The results have important implications for future research using SOR tasks, especially in the way experimenters design, analyse and interpret object recognition experiments in non-human animals.
Emissions of black plumes from the chimneys of brick making kilns; a compositional study of the blackish particulates
Authors: Hassan Iatizaz , Khan Naseer Ahmed , Syed Naveed Ul Hasan , Memon Najma , Barki Khalid Mehmood 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In Pakistan brick making industries use indigenous unprocessed coal for kiln heating. Beside coal, waste hydrocarbons are intermittently added, particularly during the refueling in order to maintain a smooth combustion inside the kiln. Presently, it is presumed that the blackish smoke is the combustion product of waste rubber/waste oil. To verify the hypothesis, Whatman grade 1 filter paper was placed at the chimney exit for the sample collection. A powerful scanning electron microscope (SEM) having a built in energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) unit, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption isotherms, and thermogravimetric (TGA) analytical techniques were utilized to verify the chemical composition of the sample. The SEM image at a ×30,000 magnification displays many roundish masses having size between 2 - 0.5 microns. The elements in these spherical particles were carbon, oxygen, and sulfur (EDS analysis). What we know is that these detected elements are common coal compositions usually referred as cenosphere. Moreover, XRF analysis of a calcined sample highlighted a noticeable decrease in SO3 entity (common in coal). N2- adsorption isotherm shows that the surface area of the flying coal particles is too low, whereas the appearance of the spherical objects in SEM images is like a fullerene, a carbon allotrope. XRD and TGA analysis supports the initial inference that these emissions contain fine coal particles. These coal particulates are hazardous and should be bagged in a separate cleaning tower system.
Integrating Rural Livelihood Resilience and Sustainability for Post-disaster Community Relocation: A Theoretical Framework and Empirical Study
Authors: Yang Xuanmei , Li Xiangyu , Lu Kaifa , Peng Zhong-Ren 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The concepts of resilience and sustainability are becoming popular in disaster planning and management. However, there is an absence of mutual considerations of the two concepts from an integrated perspective to promote post-disaster livelihood, particularly in the relocated rural communities. To fill the research gap, this paper explores the factors and relationships of resilient rural livelihoods (RRL) and sustainable rural livelihoods (SRL) in resettlement communities after a major disaster. Specifically, we construct a theoretical model that integrates resources, strategies, and outcomes of RRL and SRL in the recovery phase. We use a dataset for household-level recovery after the Jiangsu Tornado (2016) in China to validate the theoretical model with a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Results show that government-driven, recovery-concentrated policies of “resilience” may not promote the long-term sustainability of rural household livelihoods because financial capital and institutional participation are negatively associated with the community’s self-reliance for future disaster recovery. The tangible assets are likely to make people more confident in disaster preparedness, while the intangible assets lack such an impact and even make the relocated households concerned about future disasters. For RRL outcomes, financial capital and social-political capital can enhance the recovery, while human capital and livelihood strategies have negative effects. In addition, natural capital and financial capital positively affect household recovery but the human capital remains a negative contributor. These findings clearly reveal the general patterns of rural livelihoods in relocated communities after a disaster and provide insights into potential measures to promote sustainable and resilient rural livelihoods.
The ARF gene family in the medicinal plant Macleaya cordata: genome-wide survey and gene expression profiling
Authors: Yang Peng , Qi Yuxin , Huang Bin , huang xueshuang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Auxin response factors (ARFs) are a class of transcription factor that direct plant gene responses to auxin, and which is critical for plant growth and development. Macleaya cordata, a medicinal plant species from the Papaveraceae family, has not yet been subjected to a genome-wide investigation of the ARF gene family. We identified ARFs in Macleaya cordata using bioinformatic approaches and studied their structure, chromosome distribution, conserved protein domains, phylogenetic trees, and expression profiles. As a result, 17 ARFs in Macleaya cordata were discovered, all of which had the Auxin-resp domain and B3 DNA binding domain. In Macleaya cordata, fragment replication events were discovered in four gene pairs, but no tandem repeats of the ARF genes were observed. ARF5, ARF3, ARF8, and ARF16 were all substantially expressed in the roots, which suggested they might be involved in plant stress responses. Furthermore, the expression of ARF8 and ARF16 altered significantly when exposed to salt and cold stress. This result adds further evidence that these two ARF genes may have a function in plant stress tolerance. Our findings lay the groundwork for understanding the molecular basis and regulatory mechanisms of ARFs in Macleaya cordata.
Functionalized chitosan-powder activated carbon and chitosan-cellulose nanocomposites as novel green biodegradable clarifying agents in sugar refining process
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed S. , Gad Ahmed , Dardeer Hemat , Gaber Abdel-Aal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Clarification of sugar solutions without side-contamination (e.g. residual sulfur) during sugar manufacturing is still the main challenge in sugar factories. Herein, chitosan-cellulose (CS-CEL) and chitosan-powder activated carbon (CS-PAC) nanocomposites were synthesized to be used as green biodegradable clarifying agents in sugar refining process. PAC was obtained via physical activation procedures using water vapor at 950°C on carbonized sugarcane bagasse waste, then CS-PAC was combined using a cross-linking agent. Zeta potential analysis gave remarkable results for CS-CEL and CS-PAC with maximum values (+) 57.73 mV and (+) 41.1 mV, respectively, with improvement in color removal % up to 45.5% using CS-PAC and 45.1% using CS-CEL with more than 25% compared to traditional clarification process. Also, turbidity decreased using CS-CEL and CS-PAC from 167 IU to 2 IU. Overall, we found that CS-CEL and CS-PAC nanocomposites have considerable efficiency in sugar refining process as eco-friendly bio-sorbents and flocculating materials.
Decreased PPARgamma in the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis due to neonatal injury contributes to incision-induced mechanical allodynia in female rats
Authors: Otsuji Jo , Hayashi Yoshinori , Hitomi Suzuro , Soma Chihiro , Soma Kumi , Shibuta Ikuko , Iwata Koichi , Shirakawa Tetsuo , Shinoda Masamichi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Whisker pad skin incision in a neonatal rat causes prolonged mechanical allodynia after reincision in adulthood. However, sex differences in reincision-induced mechanical allodynia in the orofacial region are not fully understood. In rats that received a neonatal whisker pad incision, mechanical allodynia was significantly prolonged after adulthood reincision when compared with rats who received a neonatal sham injury. No significant sex differences were observed in the duration of mechanical allodynia. Intracisternal minocycline administration shortened the duration of mechanical allodynia in male rats but had no effect in female rats. In contrast, intracisternal administration of pioglitazone markedly suppressed mechanical allodynia in female rats after reincision. Following reincision, the number of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)-positive cells was reduced in the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) in female rats that experienced neonatal injury. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that PPARγ was predominantly expressed in Vc neurons. Pioglitazone increased the number of PPARγ-positive Vc neurons, upregulated heme oxygenase 1, and downregulated the NR1 subunit in the Vc in female rats after reincision. Together, PPARγ signaling in Vc neurons is a female-specific pathway for whisker pad skin incision-induced mechanical allodynia.
MicroRNA miR-151 expression profiling study and mRNA correlation analysis in circulating monocyte were identified to be related with the etiology of osteoarthritis
Authors: Yang Kang , Liu Xiangyang , Peng Shuai , Chang Lei , Zhang Chao , Liu Hongzhe , Chen Jing , Hu Peng , Shen Xiongjie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
MiRNAs have been implicated important in the etiology of various diseases. Osteoarthritis is a relative-immune disease with chronic in local knuckle and cellular immunity is more important, it is characterized by cytokine included T cell and monocytes. From that, we explore the relationship between the expression profile of microRNA miR-151 in circulating monocytes and the correlation analysis of mRNA correlation with the etiology of osteoarthritis.We first explored differential expression of miRNAs in human circulating monocytes between 20 OA patients and 20 normal. Expression level of each miRNA was normalized with RNU48.Differential miRNAs were selected by t-test and miR-151 was up-regulated (P = 0.015) in two groups, furthermore, it was confirmed in individual assays with qRT-PCR. Moreover, we investigated mRNA profilings in human circulating monocytes isolated with the subjects used in miRNA array analysis. Pearson correlation analysis between the expression level of miR-151 and the mRNA array expression data was performed.We found significant correlation of miR-151 with TNFSR11 (r= -0.87, P = 0.000176), LRCH1 (r = 0.73, P = 0.0087) and FZD5 (r = 0.72, P = 0.02143) genes. LRCH1 and FZD5 genes are also predicted as the targets of miR-151( http://www.targetscan.org ). LRCH1 and FZD5 were also down-regulated expressed in OA patients compared with normal person. Genetic epidemiologic studies have shown the association of LRCH1 gene with human osteoarthritis. Expression profiling studies also found the relationship between FZD5 gene and human osteoarthritis. MiR-151 may affect the differentiation of monocytes by regulating the expression of LRCH1 and FZD5 genes.
Specific ratios of macronutrient intake may help reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in people aged 55 years and older in northern China
Authors: Gao Xian , Zhou Yutian , Huang Xin , Sun Yan , Zhu Huichen , Zhou Meiqi , Li Qingxia , Zhang Limin , Lv Shuaishuai , Ge Jun , Ma Yuxia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
A growing body of evidence suggests a link between diet and depression. However, the existing research conclusions are inconsistent.
Objective
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the association between dietary macronutrient intake and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults.
Methods
We collected data on the diets of middle-aged and elderly people in northern China and assessed depression status. The relationship between dietary macronutrient intake and risk of depressive symptoms was explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS), and the combined effect among macronutrients was further explored using the generalized additive models (GAMs).
Results
Of 3,095 study subjects, 808 (26.11%) were assessed as having depressive symptoms. An RCS analysis revealed the following: the proportion of monounsaturated fat energy supply and polyunsaturated fat energy supply (PFES-P) were negatively associated with the risk of depressive symptoms; the proportion of carbohydrate energy supply (PCES) was positively associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. As analysis of GAM found that the risk of depressive symptoms was at a lower level when the PCES was less than 50% and the PFES was more than 40%. The risk of depressive symptoms decreased as the PFES-P increased, and the risk further decreased when the PFES-P exceeded 20% .
Conclusion
A dietary pattern characterized by a high PFES (> 40%),particularly a PFES-P > 20% and a low PCES (< 50%) is recommended as a dietary pattern for depression prevention in middle-aged and older adults.
Controllability, Observability, and Stability aspects of matrix Sylvester Volterra Integro-Dynamical System on Time Scales
Authors: A Sreenivasulu , V Appa Rao B 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this manuscript, we consider the matrix Sylvester Volterra integro-dynamic system on time scales YΔ(t) = A(t)Y (t) + Y (t)B(t) + μ(t)A(t)Y (t)B(t) + ∫tt0(L1(t, s)Y (s) + Y (s)L2(t, s))Δs + C(t)U(t). In this system convert to an equivalent system of Kronecker product Volterra integro- dynamic system on time scales with the help of a vectorization operator. we establish a sufficient condition for the controllability, observability, and stability aspects of the matrix Sylvester Volterra integro-dynamic system on time scales. Moreover, generalize to a time scales some known properties relating to stability from the case of continuous analysis.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary:34A37. Secondary:34N05, 34D05, 45D05.
A transcriptomic analysis on the differentially expressed genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Haldar Agnik , Singh Ajay Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Oral cancer has plagued the majority of the world as one of the most prevalent cancers. The main reason often highlighted is the high usage of tobacco, which has been reported to be the main cause of oral cancer, and the lack of proper health and sexual h+ygiene. This often leads to HPV infection which has been seen as one of the leading causes of oral cancer. Numerous reports have identified the dysregulation of genes as one of the major causes at play in the mechanisms of cancer. A detailed investigation of the dysregulated gene expressions and the pathways shed some light on the mechanistic properties behind cancer, which can potentially lead to a viable approach for biomarker identification and further research.
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of elderly small bowel adenocarcinoma using propensity score matching analysis: A study based on SEER database
Authors: Liu Qiu-Yan , xie Ling , Yang Xiao-Yun , Yang Lei , Lei Xiao-Lin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Small intestine adenocarcinoma is a scant disease which has no adequate clinic trials, so its prognostic factors are still unclear especially in elderly patients. In this article, We aimed to explore the clinicopathology presentation, treatments, outcomes and predictors of small intestine adenocarcinoma patients who aged 65 years or older.
Methods
We retrieved clinicopathology data of small intestine adenocarcinoma patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. we clarified patients into two groups: surgery and non-surgery group, and conducted propensity score matching (PSM) to compare survival outcoming. We identified the prognostic indicators for cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) by Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
In total, 1018 eligible cases were enrolled, with a median survival of 16 months, the 3-year OS and CSS rates was 36% and 41.7%, and the 5-year OS and CSS rates was 26.5% and 33.3%. Multivariate analyses revealed that age, grade, tumor stage, surgery and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for OS, while grade, tumor stage, surgery, radiation and chemotherapy were independent factors for CSS. After PSM, only surgery and tumor stage(AJCC 6th) were independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS.
Conclusion
Surgery could bring benefit to survival for elderly SBA patients, and early stage of disease was another significant prognostic factor.
Temperature and leaching effects of Zeolite-X derived from Kaolin
Authors: Mgbemere Henry E. , Ovri Henry , Sargent Anna-Lisa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Zeolites are microporous materials that find a lot of applications in today’s world due to their different properties. In this research, the effect of different calcination temperatures (700oC and 900oC) and acid leaching (7% and 15% dilution) on zeolite-X crystals has been investigated using the hydrothermal method. The results from the different sample characterization show that the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio is approximately 5.6 while the Infrared spectra indicate that Zeolite-X was produced with slight shifts in the wavenumbers. The diffraction patterns show that in addition to the formation of zeolite-X crystals, other phases were also obtained. The thermal analysis indicates that the zeolite is stable below 500oC. Thermogravimetric study shows that after about 200oC, only about 13% of the mass was lost. The differential thermal analyzer indicates that the samples followed the same trend until a temperature of 300oC where the samples calcined at 700oC had a positive heat loss while the samples calcined at 900oC had a negative heat loss. The BET analyses show that the zeolite from samples calcined at 700oC had lower adsorption-desorption isotherms compared to those at 900oC. The pore volume and sizes of the former were also lower than those of the latter. These results have shown that leached kaolin is effective in producing zeolite-X samples.
Inhibition of ZNF703 alleviates the progression of gastric cancer through inhibition of HDAC activity
Authors: Lin Hao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: ZNF703 is identified as a therapeutic target in a variety of human cancer. Although ZNF703 overexpresses in gastric cancer frequently, the effects and mechanism of ZNF703 in the progression of gastric cancer is unclear. Methods: Therefore, ZNF703, Ki-67 and BCL-2 expression was measured by histology in clinical cases. We used gastric cells line models to explore the role of ZNF703 in vitro. ZNF703 expression intervention was employed to investigate the role of ZNF703 in proliferation and apoptosis. The relationship between ZNF703 intervention and resistance of chemotherapy was analyzed by using oxaliplatin treatment. Results: In this study, we found that ZNF703 expression in the area of gastric cancer was substantially higher than adjacent normal area. Gastric cancer tissue with ZNF703 high expression level substantially increased Ki-67 and BCL-2 expression. Inhibition of ZNF703 attenuated the gastric cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells, while overexpression of ZNF703 in GES-1 cells resulted in the reverse effects. ZNF703 might mediate the viability of gastric cancer cells through down-regulation of HDAC1/2. In addition, after transfected with siRNA-ZNF703, down-regulation of TopoII and P-gp was observed in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells. Further, we showed that inhibition of ZNF703 enhanced the resistance to chemotherapy in vitro. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that in gastric cancer cells, ZNF703 promoted the proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and improved their resistance to chemotherapy, suggesting it may be a potential target for the gastric cancer.
Seismic performance of steel frames accompanied to bearing with perforated yielding shear devices
Authors: Saadatnia Mahdi , Behforouz Babak 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Perforated Yielding Shear Device-Rubber Bearing (PYSDRB) recently proposed by the author is a new base Isolation to reduce the seismic vibration. This paper tried to evaluate the seismic behavior of the steel moment frame with PYSDRB. The First 3, 8, and 12 story frames were designed with Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB), and then because of the restriction on the PYSDRB displacement, by removing the lead core of the LRB, a suitable pattern is proposed for the design of the shear plates. The base shear and the story drift in the fixed-base frames, frames with LRB-1 (high target displacement), LRB-2 (low target displacement), and PYSDRB under 7 earthquakes were compared. The base shear reduction rate of the 3, 8, and 12-story frames with PYSDRB were about 39%, 37%, and 35% respectively. This base shear reduction rate was acceptable compared to the base shear reduction rate of frames with LRB-2. In terms of story drift, the performance of the 8 and 12-story frames with the PYSDRB were not suitable to compare with the LRB, but the performance of the 3-story frame was acceptable. Considering low target displacement in bearings design, the PYSDRB performance was better than the LRB in low frame height.
Age-dependent alterations in the coordinated development of subcortical regions in adolescents with social anxiety disorder
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Hu Yang , Zhang Xiaochen , Liu Wenjing , Zhang Lei , Xie Shuqi , Ma Changminghao , Ding Yue , Kang Yinzhi , Jin Shuyu , Xia Yufeng , Hu Zhishan , Liu Zhen , Cheng Wenhong , Yang Zhi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Subcortical brain regions play essential roles in the onset of social anxiety disorder (SAD). While adolescence is the peak period of SAD, the relationships between abnormal development of the subcortical regions during this period and SAD are still unclear. This study investigated the age-dependent alterations in structural co-variance among subcortical regions and between subcortical and cortical regions, aiming to reflect aberrant coordination during development in adolescents with SAD. High-resolution T1-weighted images were obtained from 76 adolescents with SAD and 67 healthy controls (HC), ranging from 11.0 to 17.9 years. We found that the SAD group exhibited significantly enhanced structural co-variance among key striatum regions (putamen and caudate). While the co-variance decreased with age in healthy adolescents, the co-variance in SAD adolescents stayed high, leading to more apparent abnormalities in middle adolescence. Moreover, the striatum’s mean structural co-variance with cortical regions decreased with age in HC but increased with age in SAD. The age-dependence of the abnormal coordination indicates atypical developmental trajectories of the striatum and its balance with the cortical regions in adolescents with SAD.