bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Ecotoxicity of New Polyurethane Composites on Target Organisms for Aquatic and Atmospheric Environments
Authors: Corapi Anna , Gallo Luana , Lucadamo Lucio , Tursi Antonio , Chidichimo Giuseppe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present study investigated if new biocomposite materials, polyurethanes (PURs) added with functionalized cellulose fibers, produce potential toxic effects on two target organisms currently used in biomonitoring the quality of two different environmental compartments. Natural fibers were extracted from the species Spartium junceum L., a shrub commonly found in the southern region of the Mediterranean having a high cellulose content. All PURs produced were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and their structure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. We measured the effects of exposure to aromatic and aliphatic PUR composites (containing or not cellulose fibers) on the aquatic model organism Daphnia magna Straus, a freshwater crustacean (Cladocera), and a biomonitor of air quality, the fruticose epiphytic lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf. Leachates from aliphatic PUR composite not containing cellulose are more toxic to D. magna than all others, showing a slight acute toxicity in the case of the shortest exposure (24 h) and a moderate acute toxicity in the longer one (48 h). This effect is most likely due to the presence of free organic ammines and amides, which, in their turn, are immobilized in composites containing cellulosic fibers because of the considerable amount of chemical functional groups. Regarding lichens, both types of aliphatic PURs resulted in a toxic effect. Formulate not added with cellulose strongly promoted fungal peroxidation, whereas that which was functionalized affected the pigment concentration of the algal partner. Our results suggest that the use of cellulose in PUR production, in general, can limit the ecotoxicological effects on both test organisms and reduce the potential environmental impact due to this type of polymer. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:421–436. © 2022 SETAC
Parallel minimum mean square error equalization for reduced‐zero‐padding orthogonal time frequency space with the aid of unitary precoding
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Du Peng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis work studies the equalization method for the reduced‐prefix version of the orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation in which one zero‐padding (ZP) is inserted in each frame. We focus on applications in low data rate scenarios such as the Internet of Things, and will consider the case where the number of subcarriers and time slots are small. The idea of this work is to retain the large singular values of the channel matrix through linear transformations, while discarding the remaining small singular values. This makes it possible to avoid performance degradation due to small singular values when inverting the matrix in the minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization. Specifically, a joint unitary precoding and signal linear transformation method is proposed for the reduced‐ZP OTFS modulation which decomposes the whole system into parallel subsystems. Then, the receiver can perform parallel MMSE equalization, where the singular values of each branch are not small. Simulation results show that the proposed method can achieve better bit error rate performance than the state‐of‐the‐art methods like message passing, unitary approximate message passing, and variational unitary approximate message passing.
Monitoring green tea fixation quality by intelligent sensors: comparison of image and spectral information
Authors: Chen Yuyu , Wu Huiting , Liu Ying , Wang Yujie , Lu Chengye , Li Tiehan , Wei Yuming , Ning Jingming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIntelligent monitoring of fixation quality is a prerequisite for automated green tea processing. To meet the requirements of intelligent monitoring of fixation quality in large‐scale production, fast and non‐destructive detection means are urgently needed. Here, smartphone‐coupled micro near‐infrared spectroscopy and a self‐built computer vision system were used to perform rapid detection of the fixation quality in green tea processing lines.RESULTSSpectral and image information from green tea samples with different fixation degrees were collected at‐line by two intelligent monitoring sensors. Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling and correlation analysis were employed to select feature variables from spectral and color information as the target data for modeling, respectively. The developed least squares support vector machine (LS‐SVM) model by spectral information and the LS‐SVM model by image information achieved the best discriminations of sample fixation degree, with both prediction set accuracies of 100%. Compared to the spectral information, the image information‐based support vector regression model performed better in moisture prediction, with a correlation coefficient of prediction of 0.9884 and residual predictive deviation of 6.46.CONCLUSIONThe present study provided a rapid and low‐cost means of monitoring fixation quality, and also provided theoretical support and technical guidance for the automation of the green tea fixation process. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Detection and Characterization of a De Novo Alu Retrotransposition Event Causing NKX2‐1‐Related Disorder
Authors: Magrinelli Francesca , Rocca Clarissa , Simone Roberto , Zenezini Chiozzi Riccardo , Jaunmuktane Zane , Mencacci Niccolò E. , Tinazzi Michele , Jayawant Sandeep , Nemeth Andrea H. , Demidov German , Houlden Henry , Bhatia Kailash P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHeterozygous NKX2‐1 loss‐of‐function variants cause combinations of hyperkinetic movement disorders (MDs, particularly childhood‐onset chorea), pulmonary dysfunction, and hypothyroidism. Mobile element insertions (MEIs) are potential disease‐causing structural variants whose detection in routine diagnostics remains challenging.ObjectiveTo establish the molecular diagnosis of two first‐degree relatives with clinically suspected NKX2‐1‐related disorder who had negative NKX2‐1 Sanger (SS), whole‐exome (WES), and whole‐genome (WGS) sequencing.MethodsThe proband's WES was analyzed for MEIs. A candidate MEI in NKX2‐1 underwent optimized SS after plasmid cloning. Functional studies exploring NKX2‐1 haploinsufficiency at RNA and protein levels were performed.ResultsA 347‐bp AluYa5 insertion with a 65‐bp poly‐A tail followed by a 16‐bp duplication of the pre‐insertion wild‐type sequence in exon 3 of NKX2‐1 (ENST00000354822.7:c.556_557insAlu541_556dup) segregated with the disease phenotype.ConclusionsWe identified a de novo exonic AluYa5 insertion causing NKX2‐1‐related disorder in SS/WES/WGS‐negative cases, suggesting that MEI analysis of short‐read sequencing data or targeted long‐read sequencing could unmask the molecular diagnosis of unsolved MD cases. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
DALI shines a light on remote homologs: One hundred discoveries
Authors: Holm Liisa , Laiho Aleksi , Törönen Petri , Salgado Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStructural comparison reveals remote homology that often fails to be detected by sequence comparison. The DALI web server (http://ekhidna2.biocenter.helsinki.fi/dali) is a platform for structural analysis that provides database searches and interactive visualization, including structural alignments annotated with secondary structure, protein families and sequence logos, and 3D structure superimposition supported by color‐coded sequence and structure conservation. Here, we are using DALI to mine the AlphaFold Database version 1, which increased the structural coverage of protein families by 20%. We found 100 remote homologous relationships hitherto unreported in the current reference database for protein domains, Pfam 35.0. In particular, we linked 35 domains of unknown function (DUFs) to the previously characterized families, generating a functional hypothesis that can be explored downstream in structural biology studies. Other findings include gene fusions, tandem duplications, and adjustments to domain boundaries. The evidence for homology can be browsed interactively through live examples on DALI's website.
Testing a novel sonar‐based approach for measuring water depth and monitoring sediment storage in beaver ponds
Authors: Bradbury Gareth , Puttock Alan , Coxon Gemma , Clarke Stewart , Brazier Richard E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWidely available ‘fish‐finder’ echo‐sounding devices are beginning to be used in bathymetric studies to estimate geomorphic change. To date, however, there have been no applications in shallow and complex wetlands, where changes in sediment storage are notoriously dynamic in time and difficult to describe accurately in space. Therefore, in this study, we tested the performance of an ‘off‐the‐shelf’ fish‐finder for mapping bathymetry in a shallow beaver pond. We tested fish‐finder sonar depth readings against a traditional‐sounding lead‐line method across 21 paired Sampling Points with a minimum depth of 0.31 m and a mean of 0.65 m. Spatial accuracy of the unit was also tested against a differentially corrected Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. Measured depths to pond bottom from the fish‐finder were on average within 5%, although significantly 0.015 m (SD = 0.034) less than those obtained by the lead‐line method. Spatial accuracy, however, varied greatly compared to the corrected GNSS receiver readings, with a mean discrepancy of 2.7 m (SD = 1.5) but up to 6.2 m. Given the close match of depth readings between the two methods, we conclude that sonar is a suitable, cost‐effective, and less‐intrusive method than existing techniques, even in moderately vegetated shallow waterbodies. Methods do need to be adopted to account for poor spatial precision with ‘off‐the‐shelf’ fish‐finder models, but this can be rectified with survey design or using a secondary GNSS. Application of this technology will allow rapid one‐off surveys or repeated monitoring of depth, bedform and sediment accumulation in otherwise hard‐to‐access or disturbance‐sensitive wetlands, such as beaver ponds and water treatment or flow attenuation wetlands.
Single-cell hemoprotein (heme-SCP) exerts the prebiotic potential to establish a healthy gut microbiota in small pet dogs
Authors: Lee Seungki , Choi Ahyoung , Park Kyung-Hoon , Lee Seoyeon , Yoon Hyunjin , Kim Pil 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo investigate the effect of the single-cell hemoprotein (heme-SCP) source on animals, a dog-treat (100 g for each dog) harboring 0.2% heme-SCP was manufactured and fed to seven pet dogs (< 10 kg) in a randomized manner (irrespective of owner’s feeding style, dogs’ health conditions, and staple diets), and the feces before and after the dog-treat diet were analyzed to define the structure of the microbiota. The total bacterial species of the seven dogs showed no difference (564–584), although the bacterial compositions varied significantly. The Firmicutes phylum increased (54.7–73.7%), showing differential species composition before and after heme-SCP intake. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria decreased (5.4–3.8%, 32.9–16.8%, and 6.3–3.6%, respectively), which agreed with the previous observation of deliberate feeding. Therefore, it is conceivable that heme-SCP as a prebiotic can shape the gut microbiota regardless of the administration method.
Transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism of the alleviation of salt stress by salicylic acid in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Ma Jing , Wang Ying , Wang Li-yue , Lin Duo , Yang Yanjie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The growth and yield of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is often affected by the critical salt stress. Salicylic acid (SA) can improve plants’ stress tolerance by promoting growth and regulating ion absorption and transportation.

Methods and results
To uncover the alleviated mechanism of salt stress by SA in pepper, we conducted morphological, physiological, cytological, and transcriptomic analyses under a single SA treatment and NaCl with and without SA pre-treatment for 9 days. Seedlings under NaCl treatment showed yellow shrunken leaves, this tatus were alleviated by NS treatment (NaCl with SA pre-treatment). Compared with plants under NaCl treatment, those in the NS treatment showed reduced lipid peroxidation, and significantly increased contents of chlorophyll and osmotic regulators (proline, soluble sugars). Treatment with SA balanced the Na+/K+ ratio. We conducted transcriptome sequencing and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) contributing to alleviation of salt stress by SA in pepper. Besides photosynthesis related genes, GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the DEGs were enriched in ‘sequence-specific DNA binding’, ‘transcription regulator activity’ and ‘DNA binding transcription factor activity’ by GO terms. And our results showed that TFs, such as MYB, bZIP, BBX, AP2/ERF, NAC, etc., probably make a great contribution in the alleviation of salt stress by SA.

Conclusions
These results reveal that SA can improve plants’ stress tolerance by balancing ion absorption, gene expression and transcriptional regulation, which provide new ideas and resources for subsequent research on the mechanism of salt tolerance in pepper.
On the muckiness of science, ethics, and preservice teacher education: contemplating the (im)possibilities of a ‘right’-eous stance
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Rishi , Tolbert Sara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, we wade through the muckiness of ethics in science, teaching, and teacher education, in the form of a generative metalogue. Grounded in Sara’s experience with preservice teachers learning about ethics through a case study of a high school dissection, we contend with what it means to shift away from colonial and masculinist binaries that produce particular moralistic orientations as 'wrong' or 'right.' We contemplate what it means to attempt to teach-think-feel with ethics as 'mucky,' without diminishing attention to relations of power in science and ethics. Through our own thinking–feeling process and grappling with the ways that science and education can be simultaneously oppressive and liberating in an unfinished, complex, and interdependent world (of difference), we propose: Thinking with muckiness is ethical praxis; drawing from our own embodied resources for ethical feelingthinkingdoing is central to this praxis; and (place-conscious) powered relations in science and education must be made explicit.
Formal rules and rules as reasoning-in-action: playing games with reality in science education
Authors: Davis James P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBonne and Higgins (2022) explore game playing and fluctuations in emotional climate at a classroom level of analysis using a social and phenomenological orientation. My aim in this forum paper is to extend upon their work by exploring the nature of both formal game rules and practical game rules as reasoning-in-action where science reasoning may be embedded. Rules as reasoning-in-action are considered from the perspective of studies of ethnomethods, which are the interactional methods people use in everyday situations to make sense of social reality. I apply these ideas to compare gamification of science learning with learning through authentic science practices by discussing similarities and differences in the way we might regard reality in game play and the application of emotions to the design of learning contexts. I suggest the need for future research to embed gamification more routinely in science teacher education, including raised awareness about emotions and aesthetics in learning science.
School and learning contexts during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for child and youth mental health
Authors: Tsujimoto Kimberley C. , Cost Katherine Tombeau , LaForge-MacKenzie Kaitlyn , Anagnostou Evdokia , Birken Catherine S. , Charach Alice , Monga Suneeta , Kelly Elizabeth , Nicolson Rob , Georgiadis Stelios , Lee Nicole , Osokin Konstantin , Arnold Paul , Schachar Russell , Burton Christie , Crosbie Jennifer , Korczak Daphne J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite significant disruption to school during the COVID-19 pandemic, research on the impact on children is sparse. This study examines in-person and virtual learning contexts and the impact of school format on mental health (MH). Children and adolescents were recruited from community and clinical settings. Parents and children completed prospective online surveys about school experiences (November 2020) and MH symptoms (February/March 2021), including school format and activities. Standardized measures of depression, anxiety, inattention, and hyperactivity were collected. Hierarchical regression analyses tested associations between school format and MH. Children (N = 1011; aged 6–18 years) attending school in-person (n = 549) engaged in high levels of participation in COVID-19 health measures and low levels of social learning activities. Learning online in high school was associated with greater MH symptoms (B = -2.22, CI[-4.32,-.12] to B = -8.18, CI[-15.59,-.77]). Children with no previous MH condition that attended school virtually experienced a similar magnitude of MH symptoms as those with previous MH conditions. However, children who attended school in a hybrid in-person format, with no previous MH condition, experienced less hyperactivity as same-age peers with prior MH problems (B = -8.08, CI[1.58,14.58]). Children’s learning environments looked very different compared to before the pandemic. Removing children from school environments and limiting opportunities that support their MH, such as social learning activities, is problematic. Efforts to address the learning contexts to protect the mental health of children are needed.
Meaning in life, life role importance, life strain, and life satisfaction
Authors: Wolfram Hans-Joachim 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aimed at examining assumptions from Frankl’s (1946/1998) logotherapy and existential analysis. Using an online questionnaire with N = 891 U.K. residents, meaning in life was associated with higher life satisfaction, even when controlling for positive and negative affect. Furthermore, meaning in life intensified the positive effects of family role importance and work role importance on life satisfaction. Lastly, meaning in life neutralised the combined effect of high family strain and high family role importance on lower life satisfaction, but lack of meaning in life aggravated the combined effect of high work strain and high work role importance on lower life satisfaction. This study provides evidence of meaning in life as a source, a contributing factor, and a protective factor of life satisfaction. Helping people to find meaning through fulfilling creative, experiential, and attitudinal values (Frankl, 1950/1996), in personal and/or professional life, is likely to improve life satisfaction.
Meta-review on Perforation Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice: Filament Material as a Possible Moderator of Mortality
Authors: Alpdogan Serdar , Sander Timo , Zhang Rui , Khan Dilaware , Li Xuanchen , Zhou Huakang , Li Ke , Nickel Ann-Christin , Zheng Baolong , Skryabin Anastasiya , Schieferdecker Simon , Hofmann Björn B. , Donaldson Daniel Maximilian , Cornelius Jan Frederick , Hänggi Daniel , Muhammad Sajjad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRobust preclinical models are inevitable for researchers to unravel pathomechanisms of subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH). For the mouse perforation model of SAH, the goal of this meta-review was the determination of variances in mortality, SAH severity grade, and vasospasm, and their experimental moderators, as many researchers are facing with incomparable results. We searched on the databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for articles describing in vivo experiments using the SAH perforation mouse model and measuring mortality, SAH grade, and/or vasospasm. After screening, 42 articles (total of 1964 mice) were included into systematic review and meta-analysis. Certain model characteristics were insufficiently reported, e.g., perforation location (not reported in six articles), filament (material (n = 15) and tip texture (n = 25)), mouse age (n = 14), and weight (n = 10). Used injective anesthetics and location of perforation showed large variation. In a random-effects meta-analysis, the overall animal mortality following SAH was 21.3% [95% CI: 17.5%, 25.7%] and increased with longer observational periods. Filament material significantly correlated with animal mortality (p = 0.024) after exclusion of hyperacute studies (time after SAH induction < 24 h). Reported mean SAH grade was 10.7 [9.6, 11.7] on the scale of Sugawara (J Neurosci Methods 167:327–34, 2008). Furthermore, mean diameter of large cerebral arteries after SAH was reduced by 27.6% compared to sham-operated non-SAH mice. Uniforming standards of experimental procedures and their reporting are indispensable to increase overall comparability.
Southern Ocean Solar Reflection Biases in CMIP6 Models Linked to Cloud Phase and Vertical Structure Representations
Authors: Cesana Grégory V. , Khadir Théodore , Chepfer Hélène , Chiriaco Marjolaine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOver the Southern Ocean (SO, 40°S–70°S), climate models have consistently underestimated solar reflection. Here we evaluate the relationship between cloud profiles, cloud phase and radiation over the SO in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models against Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System and Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations. We find that the lack of solar reflection is slightly improved in CMIP6 models compared to CMIP5's, attributable to a better representation of cloud fraction and phase. We show that clouds have a different vertical structure and radiative effect south and north of where the 0°C isotherm meets the surface (∼55°S). Although the models capture the greater vertical extent of clouds south of 55°S, they fail to reproduce the observed increase in solar reflection, which we pinpoint to cloud phase biases. Increasing CMIP6 supercooled liquid cloud opacity should help reduce their persistent shortwave biases.
Geologically Recent Areas as One Key Target for Identifying Active Volcanism on Venus
Authors: D’Incecco P. , Filiberto J. , López I. , Eggers G. L. , Di Achille G. , Komatsu G. , Gorinov D. A. , Monaco C. , Aveni S. , Mari N. , Blackett M. , Mastrogiuseppe M. , Cardinale M. , El Yazidi M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe recently selected NASA VERITAS and DAVINCI missions, the ESA EnVision, the Roscosmos Venera‐D will open a new era in the exploration of Venus. One of the key targets of the future orbiting and in situ investigations of Venus is the identification of volcanically active areas on the planet. The study of the areas characterized by recent or ongoing volcano‐tectonic activity can inform us on how volcanism and tectonism are currently evolving on Venus. Following this key target, Brossier et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099765) extend the successful approach and methodology used by previous works to Ganis Chasma in Atla Regio. Here we comment on the main results published in Brossier et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099765) and discuss the important implications of their work for the future orbiting and in situ investigation of Venus. Their results add further lines of evidence indicating possibly recent volcanism on Venus.