bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The m-step solvable anabelian geometry of number fields
Authors: Saïdi Mohamed , Tamagawa Akio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Given a number field K and an integer

m
≥
0

{m\geq 0}

, let

K
m

{K_{m}}

denote the maximal m-step
solvable Galois extension of K and write

G
K
m

{G_{K}^{m}}

for the maximal m-step solvable Galois group

Gal
⁡

(

K
m

/
K

)

{\operatorname{Gal}(K_{m}/K)}

of K.
In this paper,
we prove that the isomorphy type of K is determined by the isomorphy type of

G
K
3

{G_{K}^{3}}

.
Further, we prove that

K
m

/
K

{K_{m}/K}

is determined
functorially
by

G
K

m
+
3

{G_{K}^{m+3}}

(resp.

G
K

m
+
4

{G_{K}^{m+4}}

) for

m
≥
2

{m\geq 2}

(resp.

m
≤
1

{m\leq 1}

).
This is a substantial sharpening of a famous theorem of Neukirch and Uchida.
A key step in our proof is the establishment of the so-called local theory,
which in our context characterises group-theoretically the set of decomposition groups
(at nonarchimedean primes) in

G
K
m

{G_{K}^{m}}

, starting from

G
K

m
+
2

{G_{K}^{m+2}}

.
Two-sample t

α
-test for testing hypotheses in small-sample experiments
Authors: Tan Yuan-De 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
It has been reported that about half of biological discoveries are irreproducible. These irreproducible discoveries were partially attributed to poor statistical power. The poor powers are majorly owned to small sample sizes. However, in molecular biology and medicine, due to the limit of biological resources and budget, most molecular biological experiments have been conducted with small samples. Two-sample t-test controls bias by using a degree of freedom. However, this also implicates that t-test has low power in small samples. A discovery found with low statistical power suggests that it has a poor reproducibility. So, promotion of statistical power is not a feasible way to enhance reproducibility in small-sample experiments. An alternative way is to reduce type I error rate. For doing so, a so-called t

α
-test was developed. Both theoretical analysis and simulation study demonstrate that t

α
-test much outperforms t-test. However, t

α
-test is reduced to t-test when sample sizes are over 15. Large-scale simulation studies and real experiment data show that t

α
-test significantly reduced type I error rate compared to t-test and Wilcoxon test in small-sample experiments. t

α
-test had almost the same empirical power with t-test. Null p-value density distribution explains why t

α
-test had so lower type I error rate than t-test. One real experimental dataset provides a typical example to show that t

α
-test outperforms t-test and a microarray dataset showed that t

α
-test had the best performance among five statistical methods. In addition, the density distribution and probability cumulative function of t

α
-statistic were given in mathematics and the theoretical and observed distributions are well matched.
Integrative illustration of a JCVI-syn3A minimal cell
Authors: Goodsell David S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Data from genomics, proteomics, structural biology and cryo-electron microscopy are integrated into a structural illustration of a cross section through an entire JCVI-syn3.0 minimal cell. The illustration is designed with several goals: to inspire excitement in science, to depict the underlying scientific results accurately, and to be feasible in traditional media. Design choices to achieve these goals include reduction of visual complexity with simplified representations, use of orthographic projection to retain scale relationships, and an approach to color that highlights functional compartments of the cell. Given that this simple cell provides an attractive laboratory for exploring the central processes needed for life, several functional narratives are included in the illustration, including division of the cell and the first depiction of an entire cellular proteome. The illustration lays the foundation for 3D molecular modeling of this cell.
Data smoothing with applications to edge detection
Authors: Al-Jamal Mohammad F. , Baniabedalruhman Ahmad , Alomari Abedel-Karrem 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present a new stable method for smoothing and differentiating noisy data defined on a bounded domain

Ω
⊂

R

N

\Omega \subset {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}

with

N
≥
1

N\ge 1

. The proposed method stems from the smoothing properties of the classical diffusion equation; the smoothed data are obtained by solving a diffusion equation with the noisy data imposed as the initial condition. We analyze the stability and convergence of the proposed method and we give optimal convergence rates. One of the main advantages of this method lies in multivariable problems, where some of the other approaches are not easily generalized. Moreover, this approach does not require strong smoothness assumptions on the underlying data, which makes it appealing for detecting data corners or edges. Numerical examples demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of the method even with the presence of a large amounts of noise.
ELEMEN-ELEMEN KEBERKESANAN PROGRAM PENGIMARAHAN MASJID ERA KONTEMPORARI: KAJIAN ANALISIS KEPERLUAN
Authors: Mat Jusoh Mohd Suhardi , Abdul Kamil Jamaludin  , Mohd. Nordin Samah  
Published: June 2022

Abstract - In today's contemporary era, the function of the mosque should not be limited as a worship institution. In fact, the role of the mosque should be beyond the boundaries, which is the mosque should be an effective center for the development of muslim community. In this regard, a lot of efforts to strengthen the mosque programmes should be implemented consistently in order to meet the goals of the development for muslim community contemporary. In this aspect, this study seeks to identify the main elements of the effectiveness for the mosque programmes to be in line with the framework of muslim community development in the contemporary era. The methodology of this study is a content analysis through qualitative method by reviewing of previous and current studies in the same and similar study to the title of this study. Based on the findings of document analysis, researchers can identify five main elements of the effectiveness for current mosque programmes that need to be strengthened namely professional management of mosque programmes, data profiling of mosque visitors, mosque networking with government and private agencies, empowerment of non-formal education programmes, application of technology in mosque current programmes. These five elements are expected to strengthen the current programmes with high competent today.

Abstract - Di era kontemporari kini, fungsi institusi sesebuah masjid seharusnya tidak terhad sebagai tempat ibadat semata-mata, malah peranan masjid seharusnya melangkaui sempadan iaitu masjid seharusnya berperanan sebagai pusat pembangunan masyarakat Islam yang berdaya saing. Sehubungan itu, usaha-usaha pemerkasaan program pengimarahan masjid seharusnya dilaksanakan secara konsisten agar dapat memenuhi matlamat pembangunan masyarakat Islam kontemporari. Dalam aspek ini, kajian ini berusaha untuk mengenalpasti elemen-elemen keberkesanan utama program pengimarahan masjid bagi membangunkan model konseptual kajian. Metodologi kajian ini berbentuk analisis kandungan secara kualitatif terhadap penulisan kajian-kajian terdahulu dan semasa dalam skop kajian yang hampir sama dengan tajuk kajian ini. Berdasarkan dapatan analisis dokumen yang telah dijalankan, penyelidik dapat mengenalpasti lima elemen utama keberkesanan program pengimarahan masjid masa kini yang perlu diperkasakan iaitu pengurusan profesional program pengimarahan masjid, profiling data ahli kariah masjid, jaringan masjid dengan agensi kerajaan dan swasta, pemerkasaan program pendidikan non-formal masjid dan aplikasi teknologi dalam program pengimarahan masjid. Kelima-lima elemen ini diharapkan dapat memperkasakan program pengimarahan masjid masa kini dengan kompetensi tinggi.
Nilai Ketakteraturan Sisi Total pada Graf Rantai Nonagon dan Graf Rantai Nonagon dengan Sisi Pendan
Authors: Fauziah Melita Nurul , Rosyida Isnanini 
Published: June 2022

Diketahui sebuah graf G dengan himpunan titik V(G) tak kosong dan himpunan sisi E(G). Suatu pelabelan dikatakan pelabelan- total tak teratur sisi, jika setiap dua sisi berbeda dan di E(G) memenuhi bobot sisi tidak sama dengan bobot sisi . Bobot dari sisi uv pada pelabelan total adalah jumlah label sisi uv ditambah jumlah label titik yang terkait. Nilai ketakteraturan sisi total (total edge irregularity strength) graf G, yang dinotasikan dengan tes(G) adalah label terbesar minimum yang digunakan untuk melabeli graf G dengan pelabelan total tak teratur sisi. Pada artikel ini, penulis menyelidiki nilai ketakteraturan sisi total pada graf rantai nonagon, graf rantai nonagon dengan tiga sisi pendan, dan graf rantai nonagon dengan enam sisi pendan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah nilai ketakteraturan sisi total graf rantai nonagon adalah batas atas 9r ditambah 2 kemudian dibagi 3, nilai ketakteraturan sisi total graf rantai nonagon dengan tiga sisi pendan adalah batas atas 12r ditambah 2 kemudian dibagi 3, dan nilai ketakteraturan sisi total graf rantai nonagon dengan enam sisi pendan adalah batas atas 15r ditambah 2 kemudian dibagi 3.
Estilos de aprendizaje de productores cacaoteros en escenarios de capacitación en Colombia
Authors: Hincapié Echeverri Oscar Darío 
Published: June 2022

Este análisis surgió de un estudio realizado por la Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA) y la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), quienes viendo la necesidad de identificar los estilos de aprendizaje en la población adulta y en especial en comunidades rurales, diseñaron una Metodología de identificación de estilos de aprendizaje aplicable al sector agropecuario (Mideas). Esta metodología cuenta con una caja de herramientas que le provee al facilitador diversas alternativas en sus procesos de transferencia. Para continuar este aporte, se identificaron estilos de aprendizaje con productores de cacao que asisten a capacitaciones en Antioquia, Cauca, Caquetá, y Santander en Colombia. En este análisis se utilizó una encuesta física que fue diligenciada por 183 productores, en la que se abordan cuatro dimensiones socio-cognitivas (Motivacional, Social, Perceptiva y Estratégica). Los resultados en la dimensión motivacional fueron con un 61,2% innovadores; en la dimensión social el 66,7% se identificó como participativos; la dimensión perceptiva fue la más equitativa de las cuatro en sus variables, ya que los porcentajes entre auditivos (27,9%), visuales (21,9%) y lecto-escritores (20,2%); y, en la dimensión estratégica el gran porcentaje, con un 61,2%, identificó a los productores como prácticos. Se concluyó que en Antioquia y Santander, tradicionalmente cacaoteros, los productores prefieren ampliar sus conocimientos, mientras que en Cauca y Caquetá, considerados neo-cacaoteros, los productores prefieren adquirir nuevos conocimientos.
Impacto de la estrategia “Escuela campesina de líderes gestores comunitarios en soberanía y seguridad alimentaria y nutricional en Sumapaz, Colombia”, sobre algunos indicadores de seguridad alimentaria y nutricional y desarrollo sostenible en la comunidad
Authors: Rodríguez Rondón María del Pilar 
Published: June 2022

Según un estudio realizado por La Universidad Nacional de Colombia, la población Sumapaz de Bogotá, Colombia, presentaba deficiencias nutricionales, baja producción de alimentos y falta de trabajo en equipo. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo fue conocer las deficiencias, fortalezas, gestión y dinámica de la estrategia Escuela Campesina de Líderes Gestores Comunitarios (ECLGC) del Observatorio de Soberanía y Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional (OBSSAN) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y el apoyo de la Red Integrada de Servicios de Salud Sur. Otro objetivo consistió en evaluar el cambio de conocimientos y estrategias, de líderes gestores comunales, así como su rol en el empoderamiento y autonomía. Por último, se trató de determinar las problemáticas prevalentes aún en entorno a la seguridad alimentaria para generar soluciones. Los resultados de las encuestas reflejan las precarias condiciones de infraestructura y servicios públicos, la escasez en posibilidades de subsistencia, a pesar de las adecuadas condiciones y oportunidades de la zona para la producción de alimentos y generación de ingresos. Un gran logro fue la conformación de la asociación Red Campesina Productora de Vida y Paz de Sumapaz; fortalecimiento en el autoconsumo de alimentos y el aumento de ingresos, por la venta de los mismos.
The Eﬃcacy and Safety of Automatic Modes During Respiratory Support After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Yeremenko A. A. , Komnov R. D. , Koshek E. A. 
Published: June 2022

Aims. To compare the eﬃcacy and safety of semiautonomous Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV) and fully automated (closed-loop, Intellivent-ASV) mechanical ventilation and oxygenation versus conventional mechanical ventilation mode during respiratory support in cardiac surgery patients.Material and methods. In this study, 40 adult patients were ventilated by conventional mechanical ventilation managed by 8 physicians (control group), whereas other two groups patients were ventilated by Intellivent-ASV (n=40) or in a semiautomatic ASV mode (n=40). The groups received standard care, except for the modes of ventilation.Results. In the Intellivent-ASV group, the number of manual changes in ventilator settings was signiﬁcantly lower: 0 (0–0) versus 2 (2–3) (ASV) and 4 (3–5) in the control group (P<0.0001). There were signiﬁcant diﬀerences in the duration of respiratory support in ICU which was 226±31 min (Intellivent group) vs 259±66 (ASV) and 271±78 min (control) (P=0.0042; P1–2=0.0167; P1–3=0.009). The Intellivent-ASV group patients received more protective ventilation than patients in the semiautomated and physician-controlled groups (lower values of driving pressure (6 (6–7) cm H2O vs. 6 (6–7) and 7 (7–9) cm H2O (P<0.0001)), tidal volume (6 (6–7) vs. 7 (7–7.7) and 7 (7–8) ml/kg/PBW (P<0.0001)), FiO2 (26 (24–30)% vs. 34 (30–35)% and 34 (30–38)%) with no diﬀerences between the groups in paO2/FiO2. There were no signiﬁcant diﬀerences between the groups in frequency of undesirable events and duration of ICU stay.Conclusion. The use of intelligent technologies makes it possible to interactively individualize respiratory support, signiﬁcantly reducing clinician's involvement in this process without compromising patient safety and the quality of ventilation.
Budget-Constrained Multi-Armed Bandits With Multiple Plays
Authors: Zhou Datong , Tomlin Claire 
Published: June 2022

We study the multi-armed bandit problem with multiple plays and a budget constraint for both the stochastic and the adversarial setting. At each round, exactly K out of N possible arms have to be played (with 1 ≤ K <= N). In addition to observing the individual rewards for each arm played, the player also learns a vector of costs which has to be covered with an a-priori defined budget B. The game ends when the sum of current costs associated with the played arms exceeds the remaining budget. Firstly, we analyze this setting for the stochastic case, for which we assume each arm to have an underlying cost and reward distribution with support [cmin, 1] and [0, 1], respectively. We derive an Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) algorithm which achieves O(NK4 log B) regret. Secondly, for the adversarial case in which the entire sequence of rewards and costs is fixed in advance, we derive an upper bound on the regret of order O(√NB log(N/K)) utilizing an extension of the well-known Exp3 algorithm. We also provide upper bounds that hold with high probability and a lower bound of order Ω((1 – K/N) √NB/K).
Learning Latent Opinions for Aspect-level Sentiment Classification
Authors: Wang Bailin , Lu Wei 
Published: June 2022

Aspect-level sentiment classification aims at detecting the sentiment expressed towards a particular target in a sentence. Based on the observation that the sentiment polarity is often related to specific spans in the given sentence, it is possible to make use of such information for better classification. On the other hand, such information can also serve as justifications associated with the predictions.We propose a segmentation attention based LSTM model which can effectively capture the structural dependencies between the target and the sentiment expressions with a linear-chain conditional random field (CRF) layer. The model simulates human's process of inferring sentiment information when reading: when given a target, humans tend to search for surrounding relevant text spans in the sentence before making an informed decision on the underlying sentiment information.We perform sentiment classification tasks on publicly available datasets on online reviews across different languages from SemEval tasks and social comments from Twitter. Extensive experiments show that our model achieves the state-of-the-art performance while extracting interpretable sentiment expressions.
cw2vec: Learning Chinese Word Embeddings with Stroke n-gram Information
Authors: Cao Shaosheng , Lu Wei , Zhou Jun , Li Xiaolong 
Published: June 2022

We propose cw2vec, a novel method for learning Chinese word embeddings. It is based on our observation that exploiting stroke-level information is crucial for improving the learning of Chinese word embeddings. Specifically, we design a minimalist approach to exploit such features, by using stroke n-grams, which capture semantic and morphological level information of Chinese words. Through qualitative analysis, we demonstrate that our model is able to extract semantic information that cannot be captured by existing methods. Empirical results on the word similarity, word analogy, text classification and named entity recognition tasks show that the proposed approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art approaches such as word-based word2vec and GloVe, character-based CWE, component-based JWE and pixel-based GWE.
Biocement treatment for upcycling construction and demolition wastes as concrete aggregates
Authors: Mistri Abhijit , Dhami Navdeep , Bhattacharyya Sriman Kumar , Barai Sudhirkumar V. , Mukherjee Abhijit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReutilisation of the construction and demolition (C&D) wastes as aggregate in concrete is a vital step towards sustainability as it prevents depletion of natural resources as well as alleviates wastes. However, the attached mortar on the aggregate surface renders certain shortcomings like excessive water absorption, high porosity, and weak interfaces. Recycled aggregates can be treated to improve these shortcomings. However, the minimisation of the drawbacks involves huge energy, materials, and cost. Moreover, the efficacy of such adopted method is sometime questionable, and which needs further research. This study demonstrates bio-treatment of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) as a means of upcycling and compares it with conventional cement slurry treatment. A novel spraying technique has been applied that significantly economises biocement treatment. The experimental results show that biocement treatment reduced the water absorption by 70%. The treatment has filled the pores of RCA and has prevented water absorption. In contrast, cement slurry coating treatment shows increase in water absorption of RCA by 19%. The compressive strength of concrete with 100% biocement treated RCA surpasses that of concrete with natural coarse aggregates. The genesis of this dramatic improvement in case of biocement has been established through micro-scale studies including scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The cost analysis demonstrates that RCA upcycled with biocement treatment is more economical than natural aggregates or cement treated ones. Findings of the present study led to the conclusion that 100% replacement of natural coarse aggregates can be achieved by upcycling C&D wastes as coarse aggregate through bio-treatment.
Working with Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Models: A Practical Guide
Authors: Ramos Marlon D. , Thakur Prithvi , Huang Yihe , Harris Ruth A. , Ryan Kenny J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDynamic rupture models are physics-based simulations that couple fracture mechanics to wave propagation and are used to explain specific earthquake observations or to generate a suite of predictions to understand the influence of frictional, geometrical, stress, and material parameters. These simulations can model single earthquakes or multiple earthquake cycles. The objective of this article is to provide a self-contained and practical guide for students starting in the field of earthquake dynamics. Senior researchers who are interested in learning the first-order constraints and general approaches to dynamic rupture problems will also benefit. We believe this guide is timely given the recent growth of computational resources and the range of sophisticated modeling software that are now available. We start with a succinct discussion of the essential physics of earthquake rupture propagation and walk the reader through the main concepts in dynamic rupture model design. We briefly touch on fully dynamic earthquake cycle models but leave the details of this topic for other publications. We also highlight examples throughout that demonstrate the use of dynamic rupture models to investigate various aspects of the faulting process.
Trello as a Tool for the Development of Lifelong Learning Skills of Senior Students
Authors: Shchetynina Olha , Kravchenko Nataliia , Horbatiuk Larysa , Alieksieieva Hanna , Mezhuyev Vitaliy 
Published: June 2022

The article focuses on the problem of development of the lifelong learning skills of senior students in secondary school of general education. The model of interaction between the subjects of learning in the Trello project management system is developed. The foreign literature learning environment in the Trello system is developed. The experience of using the Trello project management system in the process of teaching foreign literature in 10th and 11th grades is described. It has been found that according to the lifelong learning approach a person has to possess skills: goal setting, self-regulation, motivation, time management, self-directed learning, collaboration skills, and self-development. It was pointed out that there are common approaches to project management and educational process management. The use of online systems for collaborative work in the educational process in the secondary school of general education is suggested. Online systems for teamwork that support Kanban methodologies for project management have been analyzed. To confirm the effectiveness of the implementation of the Trello project management system as a tool for the development of lifelong learning skills of senior students, an experiment was conducted: criteria, indicators, levels, and the state of formation of lifelong learning skills of senior students were determined; statistical analysis of the results of the experiment was carried out. The effectiveness of the implementation of the Trello project management system as a tool of the formation of the lifelong learning skills of senior students has been experimentally proven. The study can be applied in educational institutions interested in using agile methods in teaching.