bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional numerical study of the reactive powder concrete segments in tunnel lining
Authors: Abbas Hajer Satih , Al-Rubaye Maadh Imad Salman , Jaafer Sarra’a Dhiya’a , bassam Bassam farman , Alkasassbeh Abdelmajeed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The tunnel lining systems act as lines of defence against the forces and geotechnical situations. The use of precast concrete tunnel linings (PCTLs) has been escalating due to its effective and economical installation process. The tunnels usually suffer from the premature deterioration due to corrosion of the reinforcement and thus need maintenance. Corrosion leads to the distress in PCTL leading to the cracking and finally the scaling of concrete. This study aims to assess the structural durability performance of reactive powder concrete (RPC) as the material of tunnel lining segments compared to reinforced concrete (RC) and high performance concrete (HPC). The numerical findings indicated that the maximum load capacity of PRC-PCTL segments was greater than that of the corresponding RC and HPC segments. Regarding the findings, PRC is a very significant option for conventional segments. The high strength of PRC can decrease the thickness of the PCTL segments, resulting in the decreased material cost. Also, PRC-PCTL segments can eliminate the laborious and costly production of RC segments and mitigate the corrosion damage and thus enhance the service life of lining segments.
Students and academicians views on the engineering curriculum and industrial skills requirement for a successful job career
Authors: Gope Deepayan , Gope Aditya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Due to rapid advancement of technology, engineers should have a set of engineering skills. The basic knowledge about engineering skills should be imparted during graduation. In this study, an attempt is made to assess the gap between the present course curriculum that engineering institutions are exposing their engineering students and the skills required by the industries. Views of engineering students and academicians are obtained through questionnaires and analyzed using statistical tools. The results revealed that strong analytical ability, able to adapt and learn new technology, problem-solving within stipulated period or deadlines, and work promotion are the most important factors for a successful future job performance. The study also reveals that a significant gap exists between learning skills like communication, systematic work plan, and furtherance of work done. It is also seen that the use of modern tools and knowledge up-gradation is important to acquire many required industrial skills for a successful job career and the present curriculum is not effective to impart training on these aspects.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation in cholangiocarcinoma impairs tumor progression by sensitizing cells to ferroptosis
Authors: Su Li , Huang Yi , Zheng Lei , Zhu Zhifa , Wu Yue , Li Ping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present study intends to clarify the hypothesis that isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation in cholangiocarcinoma impairs tumor progression by sensitizing cells to ferroptosis through the in vitro and in vivo experiments. Cholangiocarcinoma RBE cell line was transfected with IDH1 R132C mutation plasmids and treated with erastin to induce ferroptosis, which were then microscopically photographed. Cell viability rate was calculated by trypan blue staining. The lipid ROS level was determined by using flow cytometer. The BALB/c nude mice were injected subcutaneously with IDH1 knockout (KO), WT, or R132C mutation cell line, followed by injecting erastin intraperitoneally. The tumor tissue was surgically separated for the measurement of tumor volume and weight. The results showed that IDH1 mutant RBE cell line are sensitive to erastin-induced ferroptosis, evidenced by the increased number of propidium iodide-positive cells, the decreased cell viability, and increased lipid ROS level. However, current targeted inhibitors of IDH1 mutation (AG120 and IDH305) reversed these effects caused by IDH1 mutation. The in vivo experiment showed that IDH1 mutation in cholangiocarcinoma impairs tumor progression by sensitizing cells to erastin-induced ferroptosis. This study indicated that IDH1 mutation in cholangiocarcinoma impairs tumor progression by sensitizing cells to erastin-induced ferroptosis.
Second-tier strategies in newborn screening – potential and limitations
Authors: Gramer Gwendolyn , Hoffmann Georg F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Newborn screening (NBS) is a public health measure to identify children with treatable disorders within the first days of life allowing presymptomatic treatment. It is the most successful measure of secondary medical prevention and part of public health programs in many countries worldwide. Application of second-tier strategies in NBS allows for increased specificity and consecutively a higher positive predictive value. Second-tier strategies can include analysis of specific biomarkers for a target disorder or may be based on molecular genetic analyses. Improving the quality of NBS, for example by second-tier strategies, is of utmost importance to maintain the high acceptance of NBS by families – especially as an increasing number of target disorders is being consecutively included into NBS programs.
Influence of chemical reaction on MHD Newtonian fluid flow on vertical plate in porous medium in conjunction with thermal radiation
Authors: Zhang Juan , Wang Fuzhang , Tamoor Muhammad , Kamran Muhammad , Farooq Aamir , Rehman Sadique , Aljohani Amnah S. , Khan Ilyas , Alkhatib Soliman , Ahmad Hijaz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Our key objective in the present work is to elaborate the concept of activation energy in chemically reactive flow with the help of modeling and computation. The model investigated is fluid flow over a vertical cylinder in the porous medium with chemical reaction and radiation effect. The similarity transform converted the resulting constitutive equations and partial differential equations (PDEs) into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting non-linear momentum, heat transfer, and mass transfer coupled equations are computed with the Range–Kutta–Fehlberg method. Both assisting and non-assisting buoyant flow conditions are considered, and observed numeric solutions vary with the transport properties. Characteristics of momentum, heat, and concentration under the applied boundary conditions are analyzed. In addition, the increment in activation energy parameters boosts the Lorentz force and mass transfer rate.
Clinical experience following implementation of routine SPECT-CT imaging following 131-iodine administration for thyroid cancer
Authors: Ahmadi Sara , Coleman Alexandra , de Morais Nathalie Silva , Landa Iñigo , Pappa Theodora , Kang Alex , Kim Matthew I , Marqusee Ellen , Alexander Erik K 
Published: May 2022

Background
Planar scintigraphy has long been indicated in patients receiving I-131 therapy for thyroid cancer to determine the anatomic location of metastases. We studied our experience upon implementing additional single-photon emission (SPECT)-CT scanning in these patients.

Method
We performed a retrospective study of consecutive adult patients with newly diagnosed thyroid cancer treated with I-131 between 2011 and 2017. Radiologic findings detected with planar scintigraphy alone vs those identified with SPECT-CT scanning were primary endpoints.

Result
In this study, 212 consecutive patients with thyroid cancer were analyzed in two separate cohorts (107 planar scintigraphy alone and 105 planar scintigraphy with SPECT-CT). The addition of SPECT-CT resulted in more findings, both thyroid-related and incidental. However, we identified only 3 of 21 cases in which SPECT-CT provided an unequivocal additional benefit by changing clinical management beyond planar scintigraphy alone. No difference in the detection of distant metastatic disease or outcome was identified between cohorts.

Conclusion
Synergistic SPECT-CT imaging in addition to planar nuclear scintigraphy adds limited clinical value to thyroid cancer patients harboring a low risk of distant metastases, while frequently identifying clinically insignificant findings. These data from a typical cohort of patients receiving standard thyroid cancer care provide insight into the routine use of SPECT-CT in such patients.
Machine learning identifies baseline clinical features that predict early hypothyroidism in patients with Graves’ disease after radioiodine therapy
Authors: Duan Lian , Zhang Han-Yu , Lv Min , Zhang Han , Chen Yao , Wang Ting , Li Yan , Wu Yan , Li Junfeng , Li Kefeng 
Published: May 2022

Background and objective
Radioiodine therapy (RAI) is one of the most common treatment solutions for Graves’ disease (GD). However, many patients will develop hypothyroidism as early as 6 months after RAI. This study aimed to implement machine learning (ML) algorithms for the early prediction of post-RAI hypothyroidism.

Methods
Four hundred and seventy-one GD patients who underwent RAI between January 2016 and June 2019 were retrospectively recruited and randomly split into the training set (310 patients) and the validation set (161 patients). These patients were followed for 6 months after RAI. A set of 138 clinical and lab test features from the electronic medical record (EMR) were extracted, and multiple ML algorithms were conducted to identify the features associated with the occurrence of hypothyroidism 6 months after RAI.

Results
An integrated multivariate model containing patients’ age, thyroid mass, 24-h radioactive iodine uptake, serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, thyrotropin-receptor antibodies, thyroid microsomal antibodies, and blood neutrophil count demonstrated an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.61–0.85), an F1 score of 0.74, and an MCC score of 0.63 in the training set. The model also performed well in the validation set with an AUROC of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65–0.83), an F1 score of 0.74, and a MCC of 0.63. A user-friendly nomogram was then established to facilitate the clinical utility.

Conclusion
The developed multivariate model based on EMR data could be a valuable tool for predicting post-RAI hypothyroidism, allowing them to be treated differently before the therapy. Further study is needed to validate the developed prognostic model at independent sites.
Thyroid autoimmunity in Greenlandic Inuit
Authors: Noahsen Paneeraq , Rex Karsten F , Bülow Pedersen Inge , Mulvad Gert , Florian-Sørensen Hans Christian , Pedersen Michael Lynge , Andersen Stig 
Published: May 2022

Objective
This study aimed to provide the first data on the occurrence of thyroid autoimmunity among Inuit in Greenland, a distinct ethnic group who is not iodine deficient.

Design
This study is a population-based cross-sectional study.

Methods
Data were collected in Nuuk in West Greenland and in Ammassalik district in East Greenland. Information on lifestyle, diet and diseases was obtained using questionnaires. Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured in serum. Iodine and creatinine were measured in spot urine samples.

Results
The participation rate was 95% with 434 Inuit participants; 75% were smokers. Iodine excretion was 169 µg/24 h in urban West Greenland, 224 µg/24 h in the main town and 228 µg/24 h in settlements in rural East Greenland. TPOAb, TgAb or either of these was measured in the serum from 3.7, 5.9 and 8.3% of participants, respectively. TPOAb or TgAb was found in 9.3% of Inuit women and 7.5% of men and more frequently, in East Greenland Inuit with the higher iodine excretion (P  = 0.02). There was some evidence suggesting that thyroid autoimmunity was more frequent among non-smokers (12.5%) compared to smokers (7.0%). Harbouring a thyroid autoantibody was most frequent in participants with TSH above 3.6 mIU/L (P  < 0.001).

Conclusion
Thyroid autoantibodies were rare among Greenland Inuit. While iodine nutrition was associated with autoimmunity similarly to other ethnic groups, the influence of sex and smoking was limited. This could suggest genetic component in Inuit, but the impact of cold, selenium and persistent organic pollutants needs to be elucidated.
Application of a neural network for determining the parameters of a transformer elimination circuit under the conditions of non-invasive monitoring
Authors: Reva Ihor , Todorov Oleh , Bezzub Maksim 
Published: May 2022

Purpose. Application of a specially constructed neural network with the task of identifying the parameter substitution scheme in non-invasive monitoring conditions.
Methodology. Use of electrical measurement methods by non-invasive monitoring, methods of identification and training of neural networks based on anterior and back propagation error, NARX networks.
Findings. The power transformer is an important object of the power system of the electric shop substation. At the same time, frequent transitions from underload to partial overload mode are possible, which creates preconditions for the development of undesirable phenomena in transformers. Monitoring of the power transformer based on control of its substitution scheme, allows to pass to control of its basic parameters irrespective of an operating mode. Non-invasive monitoring works well in the context of the task, because research shows that the parameters of voltage and current, which it operates well reflect the dependence on changes in the parameters of the substitution scheme. Based on T equivalent the substitution scheme can detect and predict changes in parameters substitution schemes according to the parameters of the current and voltage regime flowing in this system. Many neural networks will work out the calculation of electrical and electrotechnical equivalent circuits as a task of identifying the parameters of electrical circuits in static conditions. In the process of identification, the ability of neural networks of different designs to identify one of the substitution scheme parameters, to resist damage was tested, which corrected the value of an unknown parameter. The experiment made it possible to obtain data for comparing the effectiveness of various architectures of neural networks in relation to the real parameters of the equivalent circuit. Concretizing the obtained results, we say that the NARX architecture is able to identify parameters in standard modes for all elements of the substitution circuit, which further opens up opportunities for its improvement in the calculation of nonlinear elements of the transformer when operating in a saturated state.
Originality. It is established that the neural boundaries studied in the work are able to determine the parameters of the replacement circuit of a transformer or electric machine in static operating modes, which allows in the future to monitor the state of windings and magnetic circuit according to their values.
Practical value. Using a neural network in the monitoring system allows you to get clear values of the equivalent circuit parameters, regardless of the mode, the proposed method significantly reduces the amount of time spent on monitoring the transformer parameters, allows you to control the power level, and, if necessary, reduce the amount of information required for the transformer monitoring.
¿Por qué lo llaman sexo cuando quieren decir violencia?
Authors: Martín-Palomino Esther Torrado , Pedernera Laura 
Published: May 2022

Este artículo plantea la necesidad de invertir el enfoque tradicional de análisis de la prostitución femenina, derivándolo hacia el actor del sistema más invisibilizado, higienizado e inocentado socialmente: el demandante o “cliente”, principal sostenedor que revalida y perpetúa la existencia de este fenómeno (Torrado, 2018). En cualquier forma de prostitución se producen exigencias para el cumplimiento de imperativos patriarcales dirigidos a la mercantilización de las mujeres mediante el uso y abuso de sus cuerpos, sin embargo esto no hace que el estigma y la desvalorización caiga en los varones, exentos de responsabilidad y de juicios éticos por sus actos, actos habitualmente minimizados y normalizados socialmente.
Estas cuestiones han sido comprobadas en varios estudios nacionales e internacionales de las últimas décadas del siglo XX y de las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI, algunos de los cuales referimos en este manuscrito, para luego compararlos con los resultados de uno de los últimos estudios realizados desde la perspectiva de la demanda, en Canarias, donde a través de entrevistas en profundidad a consumidores masculinos de prostitución femenina se han distinguido sus discursos y los pensamientos que los sustentan
Specific features of the training seminar in order to improve the subjective well-being of students
Authors: Adilzhanova Kuralay , Turganbayeva Beibitgul , Yermentayeva Ardakh , Aubakirova Zhanat , Kulmysheva Nazym , Oralbekova Bakytgul 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the specific features of the training seminar in order to improve the subjective well-being of university students. The qualitative research method was used in this study. The study group of the research consisted of 72 university students studying at various universities in Almaty, Kazakhstan in the 2021–2022 academic year. Research data were collected with a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers. As a result of the research, students defined subjective well-being as looking at life positively, living life in a planned way, socialising and being a good person. University students evaluated their subjective well-being at a moderate level with suggestions of university students participating in the research to improve subjective well-being, giving importance to personal development, establishing positive relations with the environment and benefiting from activities in universities. In addition, students’ opinions on the characteristics of the training seminars for the development of subjective well-being are that they are motivating, provide multidimensional development, have rich content and are held regularly. In line with the findings obtained from the research, it has emerged that the training seminars organised for the improvement of the subjective well-being of university students should be organised frequently, provide multidimensional development and be rich in content.

Keywords: Subjective well-being, educational seminars, university students
Problemy interpretacyjne dualistycznego art. 168a k.p.k.
Authors: Pukarowska Anna Maria 
Published: May 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza art. 168a k.p.k. w brzmieniu nadanym mu nowelizacją marcową, wprowadzającego instytucję dopuszczalności dowodu nielegalnego, co stanowi jednocześnie kontynuację zakazów dowodowych. Analiza rozbieżności interpretacyjnych, które przejawiają się zwłaszcza w trakcie zastosowania wykładni literalnej, została przeprowadzona poprzez omówienie poszczególnych części zdania wielokrotnie złożonego. Autorka dokonuje również historycznego odesłania do nowelizacji wrześniowej z 2013 roku, która zapoczątkowała byt w kodeksie postępowania karnego art. 168a k.p.k.; ma to na celu wyciągnięcie przed nawias cech charakterystycznych dla tej instytucji.
W opracowaniu wyrażono stanowisko aprobujące wprowadzenie do procesu karnego dowodów contra legem w celu realizacji zasady prawdy materialnej, niepojmowanej jako nadrzędna wobec pozostałych. Zdaniem autorki dotarcie do tak rozumianej prawdy może umożliwić zaproponowane rozumienie spójnika odpowiedzialnego za wystąpienie dwóch norm na gruncie jednego przepisu. Przy wskazanym zabiegu konieczne jest posłużenie się dorobkiem doktryny, który będzie stanowić tak zwany wentyl bezpieczeństwa wobec najpoważniejszych naruszeń związanych z ryzykiem wprowadzenia dowodów nielegalnych do procesu karnego.
Benefits of Insoles with Real-Time Alert and Foot Self-Care Education in Improving Offloading and Adherence to Prescribed Footwear in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Study Protocol for a Single-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mbue Ngozi D. , Wang Wanyi , Najafi Bijan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Unprotected plantar pressure contributes to the development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) in people with diabetes and loss of plantar sensation. Recently, smart footwear device is proposed to empower patients at risk in avoiding harmful weight-bearing physical activities such as prolonged standing which may lead to local plantar ischemia and ultimately a DFU. However, there is little progress in the education of at-risk to be engaged in daily using of these smart footwear devices as well as adherence to diabetic footwear. The aim of this study is to examine whether an integration of smart insoles with an alert (smart watch) and foot self-care education may sustain adherence to prescribed footwear and change patients’ behavior to avoid harmful physical activities such as prolonged standing posture.
Methods/design
: The trial is designed as a three-arm randomized controlled intervention study. Adults with peripheral neuropathy will be recruited. Seventy-two participants will be randomized into three groups: 1) smart insoles + foot self-care education; 2) smart insoles; and 3) usual-care controls with no smart insoles or education. Primary outcomes will be adherence to diabetic footwear and offloading after 6 months. Secondary outcomes are foot self-care knowledge and self-efficacy, reduction of sustained plantar pressure, incident of DFU, acceptability, and perception of benefits of intervention. Data collection will be obtained at baseline, bi-weekly in first month, two, four and six months. Latent growth curve mediation model will be used to test the effects of the combined smart insole and foot self-care education on improving adherence to footwear at every two months until six months, in which time points will be used as repeated measures. It allows for testing differences between groups in patterns over time as well as at specific time points. The Institutional Review Board at the Texas Woman’s University (Reference No. has approved the study protocol FY2021-344).
Discussion
This clinical trial will provide information on the importance of foot self-care education and the use of technology (smart insole plus smart watch) in reducing the incidence of foot ulcers and increase adherence to diabetic footwear. This research could also lead to critical mechanistic discoveries and, subsequently, major advancements in prevention of DFU and limb amputation. This impact would have high potential for translation to routine clinical diabetes care.
Trial registration
: United States Clinical Trial Registry NCT05074849. Registered on 29 September 2021.
Acute Renal Failure due to Molnupiravire
Authors: YÜCEL HASAN ESAT 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Molnipiravir is a promising RNA-Dependent RNA-Polymerase enzyme inhibitor that has started to be used in the treatment of SARS-COV-2. I present the first case who was infected with the Omicron variant and developed acute renal failure due to the use of molnipiravir.67 Year-old male patient with the diagnosis of hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease developed severe nausea, vomiting and diarrhea with the use of drugs. In the patient's examinations, severe deterioration in kidney functions occurred. The patient who developed acute tubular necrosis was taken to hemodialysis twice. IV hydration and supportive treatments were started. In the follow-up, clinical and renal functions improved. In patients over 65 years of age and with comorbidities, the adverse effects of molnipiravir should be considered and followed closely.