bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors for relapse-free survival in stage IB-IIIA primary lung adenocarcinoma by epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status
Authors: Isaka Tetsuya , Ito Hiroyuki , Yokose Tomoyuki , Saito Haruhiro , Adachi Hiroyuki , Murakami Kotaro , Miura Jun , Kikunishi Noritake , Rino Yasushi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Pathological stage IB-IIIA lung adenocarcinoma with an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation (Mt) has a high recurrence rate even after complete resection. However, there have been few reports on the risk factors for Mt recurrence. This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological factors related to the relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with pathological stage IB-IIIA primary lung adenocarcinoma with and without an EGFR mutation.

Methods
Patients who underwent curative surgery for Mt (n = 208) harboring the EGFR exon 21 L858R point mutation or EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation and EGFR mutation wild-type lung adenocarcinoma (Wt, n = 358) between January 2010 and December 2020 were included. Patients who received adjuvant EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors were excluded. The prognostic factors for RFS were analyzed using a multivariable Cox regression analysis.

Results
The 5-year RFS rates in the Mt and Wt groups were 43.5 and 52.3%, respectively (p = 0.907). Prognostic factors for RFS in the Mt group included smoking history (hazard ratio [HR], 1.49; p = 0.049), blood vessel invasion (HR, 1.84; p = 0.023), and lymph node metastasis (HR, 1.96; p = 0.005). However, adjuvant chemotherapy was not a prognostic factor (HR, 1.02; p = 0.906). In contrast, positron emission tomography (PET) max standardized uptake value (SUV) ≥ 6.0 (HR, 1.53; p = 0.042), lymphatic vessel invasion (HR, 1.54; p = 0.036), lymph node metastasis (HR, 1.79; p = 0.002), and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.60; p = 0.008) were prognostic factors for RFS in the Wt group.

Conclusions
Prognostic factors for RFS in stage IB-IIIA primary lung adenocarcinoma differ by epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status. The impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on RFS also differed by EGFR mutation status.
Impact of hemodynamic instability during cytoreductive surgery on survival in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Kim Se Ik , Lee Hyung-Chul , Yoon Hyun-Kyu , Kim Hee Seung , Chung Hyun Hoon , Kim Jae-Weon , Park Noh Hyun , Song Yong-Sang , Lee Maria 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the impact of intraoperative hypotension and hemodynamic instability on survival outcomes in patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC).

Methods
We retrospectively identified patients with HGSOC, who underwent primary or interval debulking surgery between August 2013 and December 2019. We collected anesthesia-related variables, including the arterial blood pressure measurements (at 1-min intervals) during the surgery of patients. The cumulative duration of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) readings under 65 mmHg and two performance measurements (median performance error [MDPE] and wobble) were calculated. We investigated associations between the factors indicating hemodynamic instability and prognosis.

Results
In total, 338 patients were included. Based on the cumulative duration of MAP under 65 mmHg, we divided patients into two groups: ≥30 min and <30 min. The progression-free survival (PFS) was worse in the ≥30 min group (n = 107) than the <30 min group (n = 231) (median, 18.2 vs. 23.7 months; P = 0.014). In multivariate analysis adjusting for confounders, a duration of ≥30 min of MAP under 65 mmHg was identified as an independent poor prognostic factor for PFS (adjusted HR, 1.376; 95% CI, 1.035–1.830; P = 0.028). Shorter PFS was observed in the group with a MDPE <−4.0% (adjusted HR, 1.351; 95% CI, 1.024–1.783; P = 0.033) and a wobble ≥7.5% (adjusted HR, 1.445; 95% CI, 1.100–1.899; P = 0.008). However, no differences were observed in overall survival.

Conclusion
This study suggests that the three intraoperative variables for hemodynamic instability, cumulative duration of MAP <65 mmHg, MDPE, and wobble, might be novel prognostic biomarkers for disease recurrence in patients with HGSOC.
The reliability, validity and screening effect of the happiness index scale among inpatients in a general hospital
Authors: Shen Yizhong , Yuan Shuai , Liu Jingwen , Sun Bin , Chen Zilin , Zheng Lijiao , Chen Lihao , Chen Hanwei , Feng Huiqiang , He Hongbo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The Happiness Index Scale (HIS) is a newly developed scale by our group to screen for common psychological illnesses among general hospital inpatients. This study aimed to analyze the reliability, validity and screening effect of the HIS and to explore its clinical application.

Methods
From April 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021, a total of 8405 continuous inpatients were enrolled from different departments of a large tertiary general hospital with 1385 inpatient beds in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. Using a cross-sectional survey design, each participant was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire 9(PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 items(GAD-7), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) and HIS within 24 h of admission. McDonald's ω coefficient, the Guttman split-half coefficient and the test–retest reliability coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability of the HIS and the construct validity and criterion validity of the validity tests. Scores on the PHQ-9, GAD-7, AIS, and C-SSRS were used as the gold standard tools to analyze the screening effect of the HIS.

Results
The HIS exhibited very good reliability, with a McDonald's ω coefficient of 0.825, a Guttman split-half coefficient of 0.920 and a test–retest reliability coefficient of 0.745 (P < 0.05). Confirmatory factor analysis showed a satisfactory model fitting index with a χ2/df = 2.602, a root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.014, a standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) of 0.010, a comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.992, and a Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) of 0.983. The correlation coefficient between the total score of each dimension of the scale and the corresponding criterion was 0.854 ~ 0.949 (P < 0.001). The HIS showed a very good distinguishing effect. The average HIS score of inpatients who screened positive for psychological problems was significantly higher than that of inpatients who screened negative for psychological problems (t = 3790.619, P < 0.001). The effect size was very large (Cohens d = 2.695, 95% CI = 2.630 ~ 2.761). Approximately 90.2% of the positive and negative screening results of the HIS were matched with the gold standard tools, with a kappa value of 0.747 (P < 0.001). The screening effect test showed a sensitivity (true positive rate) of 92.9% and a specificity (true negative rate) of 89.5%.

Conclusion
The HIS exhibited satisfactory reliability and validity and a clinically meaningful screening effect with a much shorter version compared to the commonly used screening scales. Thus, it could potentially be useful as the first screening step to rule out psychological conditions for inpatients in general hospitals or to remind medical teams of further psychological concerns.
The effects of cyberbullying victimization on depression and suicidal ideation among adolescents and young adults: a three year cohort study from India
Authors: Maurya Chanda , Muhammad T. , Dhillon Preeti , Maurya Priya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Cyberbullying victimisation is considered a global public health issue concerning the psychological development of adolescents that oftentimes persists into adulthood. The current study explored the longitudinal relationship between cyberbullying victimisation and depression and suicidal ideation among adolescents and young adults, given the scarcity of such studies in poor-resource settings like India.

Methods
Data were drawn from the “Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults” (UDAYA- 2015-16 and 2018–19) surveys conducted in two most-populated Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Bivariate and logistic regression analysis was conducted to fulfil the objectives of the study using a sample of 4428 and 11,864 adolescent (aged 10–19 years) male and female cohorts, respectively.

Results
The prevalence of cyberbullying victimization increased from 3.8% to 6.4% among female respondents and 1.9% to 5.6% among male respondents over three years. About 33% of females and 16.6% of males had depressive symptoms in their young adulthood. Nearly 7.5% females compared to 2.3% of males, reported that they have seriously considered attempting suicide in the past one year. Adolscents who experienced cyberbullying victimization were 2.07 times more likely to have depressive symptoms comapared to those who did not experience cyberbullying victimization. Similarly, adolescents who experienced cyberbullying victimization were 2.50 times more likely to have suicidal ideation than their counterparts with no experience of cyberbullying victimization.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that cyberbullying victims are at higher risk of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts and these adverse effects persist for longer period. Therefore, cyberbullying and related mental health problems need to be addressed with more efficient strategies such as increased awareness of nuances of online harassments among adolescent and young adult population.
Comparison of laparoscope-assisted single-needle laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure versus open repair for pediatric inguinal hernia
Authors: Wu Shaofeng , Xing Xiaoyu , He Rong , Zhao Haiteng , Zhong Liang , Sun Jie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic-assisted repairs for pediatric inguinal hernia have gained gradual acceptance over the past decade. However, consensus about the optimal management is still lacking. The aim of this study is to compare outcomes of a modified laparoscope-assisted single-needle laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (LPEC) versus open repair of pediatric hernias/hydrocele in a single institution.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical data of children who underwent laparoscope-assisted single-needle LPEC and open repair (OR) for inguinal hernia from 2014 to 2019. Data collection included demographics, laterality of hernia, surgical time and time to follow-up. We also reviewed and analyzed the evidence of recurrence, the incidence of metachronous contralateral inguinal hernia (MCIH), and other complications.

Results
In our cohort, 961 patients in the OR group and 1098 patients in the LPEC group were analyzed retrospectively. Mean operative time was significantly shorter in the LPEC group (22.3 ± 3.5 min) than in the OR group (27.8 ± 5.9 min) for bilateral hernia repair (p < 0.001). Postoperative recurrence was 1.3% (13/1035) in the OR group and 0.5% (6/1182) in the LPEC group (p = 0.056). Iatrogenic cryptorchidism occurred statistically more frequently in the OR group than in the LPEC group (0.4% vs. 0%, p = 0.013). In addition, the incidence of MCIH was 3.7% (33/887) in the OR group and 0.3% (3/1014) in the LPEC group (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Comparing to open technique, laparoscope-assisted single-needle LPEC provides a simple and effective option for pediatric inguinal hernia/hydrocele repair with excellent outcomes, a low incidence of recurrence, and reduced MCIH.
Dissection of transcriptome dysregulation and immune characterization in women with germline BRCA1 mutation at single-cell resolution
Authors: Yu Xuexin , Lin Wanrun , Spirtos Alexandra , Wang Yan , Chen Hao , Ye Jianfeng , Parker Jessica , Liu Ci Ci , Wang Yiying , Quinn Gabriella , Zhou Feng , Chambers Setsuko K. , Lewis Cheryl , Lea Jayanthi , Li Bo , Zheng Wenxin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most frequent and lethal type of ovarian cancer. It has been proposed that tubal secretory cells are the origin of ovarian HGSC in women with familial BRCA1/2 mutations. However, the molecular changes underlying malignant transformation remain unknown.

Method
We performed single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing of tubal fimbriated ends from 3 BRCA1 germline mutation carriers (BRCA1 carriers) and 3 normal controls with no high-risk history (non-BRCA1 carriers).

Results
Exploring the transcriptomes of 19,008 cells, predominantly from BRCA1+ samples, we identified 5 major cell populations in the fallopian tubal mucosae. The secretory cells of BRCA1+ samples had differentially expressed genes involved in tumor growth and regulation, chemokine signaling, and antigen presentation compared to the wild-type BRCA1 controls. There are several novel findings in this study. First, a subset of the fallopian tubal secretory cells from one BRCA1 carrier exhibited an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, which was also present in the mucosal fibroblasts. Second, we identified a previously unreported phenotypic split of the EMT secretory cells with distinct evolutionary endpoints. Third, we observed increased clonal expansion among the CD8+ T cell population from BRCA1+ carriers. Among those clonally expanded CD8+ T cells, PD-1 was significantly increased in tubal mucosae of BRCA1+ patients compared with that of normal controls, indicating that T cell exhaustion may occur before the development of any premalignant or malignant lesions.

Conclusion
These results indicate that EMT and immune evasion in normal-looking tubal mucosae may represent early events leading to the development of HGSC in women with BRCA1 germline mutation. Our findings provide a probable molecular mechanism explaining why some, but not all, women with BRCA1 germline mutation present with early development and rapid dissemination of HGSC.
A simulation study for geographic cluster detection analysis on population-based health survey data using spatial scan statistics
Authors: Moon Jisu , Jung Inkyung 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn public health and epidemiology, spatial scan statistics can be used to identify spatial cluster patterns of health-related outcomes from population-based health survey data. Although it is appropriate to consider the complex sample design and sampling weight when analyzing complex sample survey data, the observed survey responses without these considerations are often used in many studies related to spatial cluster detection.MethodsWe conducted a simulation study to investigate which data type from complex survey data is more suitable for use by comparing the spatial cluster detection results of three approaches: (1) individual-level data, (2) weighted individual-level data, and (3) aggregated data.ResultsThe results of the spatial cluster detection varied depending on the data type. To compare the performance of spatial cluster detection, sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) were evaluated over 100 iterations. The average sensitivity was high for all three approaches, but the average PPV was higher when using aggregated data than when using individual-level data with or without sampling weights.ConclusionsThrough the simulation study, we found that use of aggregate-level data is more appropriate than other types of data, when searching for spatial clusters using spatial scan statistics on population-based health survey data.
Recent advances in nanomedicines for regulation of macrophages in wound healing
Authors: Joorabloo Alireza , Liu Tianqing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMacrophages are essential immune cells and play a major role in the immune response as pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory agents depending on their plasticity and functions. Infiltration and activation of macrophages are usually involved in wound healing. Herein, we first described macrophage polarization and their critical functions in wound healing process. It is addressed how macrophages collaborate with other immune cells in the wound microenvironment. Targeting macrophages by manipulating or re-educating macrophages in inflammation using nanomedicines is a novel and feasible strategy for wound management. We discussed the design and physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and their functions for macrophages activation and anti-inflammatory signaling during wound therapy. The mechanism of action of the strategies and appropriate examples are also summarized to highlight the pros and cons of those approaches. Finally, the potential of nanomedicines to modulate macrophage polarization for skin regeneration is discussed.
Body mass index, genetic susceptibility, and Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal study based on 475,813 participants from the UK Biobank
Authors: Yuan Shiqi , Wu Wentao , Ma Wen , Huang Xiaxuan , Huang Tao , Peng MIn , Xu Anding , Lyu Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The association between body mass index (BMI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains controversial. Genetic and environmental factors are now considered contributors to AD risk. However, little is known about the potential interaction between genetic risk and BMI on AD risk.

Objective
To study the causal relationship between BMI and AD, and the potential interaction between AD genetic risk and BMI on AD risk.

Methods and Results
Using the UK Biobank database, 475,813 participants were selected for an average follow-up time of more than 10 years. Main findings: 1) there was a nonlinear relationship between BMI and AD risk in participants aged 60 years or older (p for non-linear < 0.001), but not in participants aged 37–59 years (p for non-linear = 0.717) using restricted cubic splines; 2) for participants aged 60 years and older, compared with the BMI (23–30 kg/m2) group, the BMI (< 23 kg/m2) group was associated with a higher AD risk (HR = 1.585; 95% CI 1.304–1.928, p < 0.001) and the BMI (> 30 kg/m2) group was associated with a lower AD risk (HR = 0.741; 95% CI 0.618–0.888, p < 0.01) analyzed using the Cox proportional risk model; 3) participants with a combination of high AD genetic risk score (AD-GRS) and BMI (< 23 kg/m2) were associated with the highest AD risk (HR = 3.034; 95% CI 2.057–4.477, p < 0.001). In addition, compared with the BMI (< 23 kg/m2), the higher BMI was associated with a lower risk of AD in participants with the same intermediate or high AD-GRS; 4) there was a reverse causality between BMI and AD when analyzed using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR).

Conclusion
There was a reverse causality between BMI and AD analyzed using MR. For participants aged 60 years and older, the higher BMI was associated with a lower risk of AD in participants with the same intermediate or high AD genetic risk. BMI (23–30 kg/m2) may be a potential intervention for AD.
Assessing the health impacts of transnational corporations: a case study of Carlton and United Breweries in Australia
Authors: Anaf Julia , Baum Fran , Fisher Matt , Haigh Fiona , Miller Emma , Gesesew Hailay , Freudenberg Nicholas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The practices of transnational corporations (TNCs) affect population health through unhealthy products, shaping social determinants of health, or influencing the regulatory structures governing their activities. There has been limited research on community exposures to TNC policies and practices. The aim of this paper was to adapt existing Health Impact Assessment methods that were previously used for both a fast food and an extractives industry corporation in order to assess Carlton and United Breweries (CUB) operations within Australia. CUB is an Australian alcohol company owned by a large transnational corporation Asahi Group Holdings. Data identifying potential impacts were sourced through document analysis, including corporate literature; media analysis, and 12 semi-structured interviews. The data were mapped against a corporate health impact assessment framework which included CUB’s political and business practices; products and marketing; workforce, social, environmental and economic conditions; and consumers’ adverse health impacts. We also conducted an ecological study for estimating alcohol attributable fractions and burdens of death due to congestive heart disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke, breast cancer, bowel cancer and injury in Australia. Beer attributable fractions and deaths and CUB’s share were also estimated.

Results
We found both positive and adverse findings of the corporation’s operations across all domains. CUB engage in a range of business practices which benefit the community, including sustainability goals and corporate philanthropy, but also negative aspects including from taxation arrangements, marketing practices, and political donations and lobbying which are enabled by a neoliberal regulatory environment. We found adverse health impacts including from fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and violence and aggression which disproportionately affect Indigenous and other disadvantaged populations.

Conclusion
Our research indicates that studying a TNC in a rapidly changing global financialised capitalist economy in a world which is increasingly being managed by TNCs poses methodological and conceptual challenges. It highlights the need and opportunity for future research. The different methods revealed sufficient information to recognise that strong regulatory frameworks are needed to help to avoid or to mediate negative health impacts.