bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Object Permanence and the Relationship to Sitting Development in Infants With Motor Delays
Authors: An Mihee , Marcinowski Emily C. , Hsu Lin-Ya , Stankus Jaclynn , Jancart Karl L. , Lobo Michele A. , Dusing Stacey C. , McCoy Sarah W. , Bovaird James A. , Willett Sandra , Harbourne Regina T. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
This study examines object permanence development in infants with motor delays (MD) compared with infants with typical development (TD) and in relation to sitting skill.

Methods:
Fifty-six infants with MD (mean age = 10 months) and 36 with TD (mean age = 5.7 months) were assessed at baseline and then at 1.5, 3, and 6 months postbaseline. A scale was developed to measure object permanence (Object Permanence Scale [OPS]), and the Gross Motor Function Measure sitting subsection (GMFM-SS), and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd Edition (Bayley-III) were administered.

Results:
Interrater reliability of the OPS was excellent and correlation between the OPS and Bayley-III cognitive scores was moderately positive. Compared with TD, infants with MD were delayed in development of object permanence but demonstrated increased understanding over time and as sitting skills improved.

Conclusion:
In children with MD, object permanence, as quantified by the OPS, emerges in conjunction with sitting skill.
Research Summit V: Optimizing Transitions From Infancy to Early Adulthood in Children With Neuromotor Conditions
Authors: Sargent Barbara , Harbourne Regina , Moreau Noelle G. , Sukal-Moulton Theresa , Tovin Melissa , Cameron Judy L. , Stevenson Richard D. , Novak Iona , Heathcock Jill 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this executive summary is to review the process and outcomes of the Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy Research Summit V, “Optimizing transitions from infancy to young adulthood in children with neuromotor disabilities: biological and environmental factors to support functional independence.”

Summary of Key Points:
An interdisciplinary group of researchers, representatives from funding agencies, and individuals with neuromotor disabilities and their parents participated in an intensive 2.5-day summit to determine research priorities to optimize life transitions for children with neuromotor disabilities. Recommended priorities for research included (1) promoting self-determination and self-efficacy of individuals with neuromotor disabilities and their families, (2) best care at the right time: evidence-based best practice care, led and navigated by families seamlessly across the lifespan, (3) strengthening connections between developmental domains to enhance function and participation, and (4) optimal dosing and timing to support adaptive bone, muscle, and brain plasticity across the lifespan.
Seated Outcome Measures in Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Kern Rebecca , Carvell Kimberly , Gupta Apeksha , Verma Sumit 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
Quantifiable motor strength measures to assess disease severity throughout the continuum of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are needed. To study the feasibility of seated trunk strength using hand-held dynamometry (HHD) and caregiver-reported subjective functional independence measures in boys with DMD.

Methods:
Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study of 18 participants with DMD enrolled from pediatric muscular dystrophy clinic during routine clinical assessment. Hand-held dynamometry, seated reach distance test and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) were administered.

Results:
All study participants regardless of the walking status were able to complete the seated function tests demonstrating feasibility. The age of the participants correlated negatively with PEDI mobility and positively with HHD extension scores. The seated measures did not statistically correlate with PEDI mobility scores.

Conclusions:
Seated motor strength measures and PEDI mobility scores are feasible. The PEDI mobility and HHD extension scores correlate with age. Study limitations included single-center experience and cross-sectional data.

Video abstract link:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/s4r0k7o6s0tfbkb/PT-Seated-Measures-And-DMD-2022.mp4?dl=0
Intraoperative Optical and Fluorescence Imaging of Blood Flow Distributions in Mastectomy Skin Flaps for Identifying Ischemic Tissues
Authors: Mazdeyasna Siavash , Huang Chong , Paranzino Alisha B. , Mohtasebi Mehrana , Cheng Qiang , Wong Lesley , Yu Guoqiang 
Published: June 2022

Summary:
Insufficient blood flow causes mastectomy skin flap necrosis in 5 to 30 percent of cases. Fluorescence angiography with the injection of indocyanine green dye has shown high sensitivities (90 to 100 percent) but moderate specificities (72 to 50 percent) in predicting mastectomy skin flap necrosis. However, a number of challenging issues limit its wide acceptance in clinical settings, including allergic reaction, short time-window for observation, and high cost for equipment and supplies. An emerging inexpensive speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography technology enables noninvasive, noncontact, and continuous three-dimensional imaging of blood flow distributions in deep tissues. This preliminary study tested the hypothesis that speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography and indocyanine green–fluorescence angiography measurements of blood flow distributions in mastectomy skin flaps are consistent. Eleven female patients undergoing skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomies were imaged sequentially by the dye-free speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography and dye-based commercial fluorescence angiography (SPY-PHI). Resulting images from these two imaging modalities were co-registered based on the ischemic areas with the lowest blood flow values. Because the ischemic areas have irregular shapes, a novel contour-based algorithm was used to compare three-dimensional images of blood flow distribution and two-dimensional maps of indocyanine green perfusion. Significant correlations were observed between the two measurements in all contours from a selected area of 10 × 10 mm2 with the lowest blood flow (r ≥ 0.78; p < 0.004), suggesting that speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography provides the information for identifying ischemic tissues in mastectomy skin flaps. With further optimization and validation in large populations, speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography may ultimately be used as a noninvasive and inexpensive imaging tool for intraoperative assessment of skin flap viability to predict mastectomy skin flap necrosis.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Diagnostic, II.
Transverse Upper Gracilis Flap Breast Reconstruction: A 5-Year Consecutive Case Series of Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Jessica Anne Savage , Zhao Jade , Mackey Simon , Blackburn Adam Victor 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The transverse upper gracilis flap is an important reconstructive option for patients who desire autologous reconstruction after mastectomy but in whom a deep inferior epigastric perforator flap is unavailable or undesirable. The authors present an analysis of outcomes and patient satisfaction results, from a consecutive series in a single institution.

Methods:
Using a prospectively populated free flap database, all patients undergoing transverse upper gracilis flap breast reconstruction for a mastectomy defect between January of 2013 and December of 2017 were identified. Retrospective review of clinical notes, admissions, and discharge information was conducted to identify outcomes, secondary operations, and complications. All patients were contacted by letter and invited to take part in a patient satisfaction survey a minimum of 12 months after free-flap surgery.

Results:
Seventy-eight patients underwent transverse upper gracilis flap breast reconstruction using a total of 103 transverse upper gracilis flaps to reconstruct 99 breast mounds in the 5-year period studied. Patient satisfaction is evidenced by BREAST-Q scores showing 81 ± 19 percent Satisfaction with Breasts, 80 ± 20 percent Psychosocial Well-Being, and 84 ± 19 percent Physical Well-Being of the chest. Forty-six of 53 (87 percent) report satisfaction with the postoperative appearance of their thigh unclothed and 51 of 53 (96 percent) report satisfaction clothed.

Conclusions:
This is the first consecutive series of transverse upper gracilis flap breast reconstruction outcomes that presents BREAST-Q scores for multiple, postoperative reconstruction modules and details complications stratified by Clavien-Dindo score. The methodology can be easily replicated and benchmarked against. Our donor-site complication rates are lower than previous publications and patient satisfaction data reveal that this is a well-accepted option for patients.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Preventing Medication Errors in Pediatric Anesthesia: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Shawahna Ramzi , Jaber Mohammad , Jumaa Eman , Antari Bisan 
Published: June 2022

Objective
Preventing medication errors and improving patient safety in pediatric anesthesia are top priorities. This systematic scoping review was conducted to identify and summarize reports on medication errors in pediatric anesthesia. The study also aimed to qualitatively synthesize medication error situations in pediatric anesthesia and recommendations to eliminate/minimize them.

Methods
The databases: Cochrane, MEDLINE through PubMed, Embase, CINAHL through EBSCO, and PsycINFO were extensively searched from their inception to March 3, 2020. Error situations in pediatric anesthesia and recommendations to minimize/reduce these errors were synthesized qualitatively. Recommendations were graded by level of evidence using the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute.

Results
Data were extracted from 39 publications. Dosing errors were the most commonly reported. Scenarios representing medication (n = 33) error situations in pediatric anesthesia and recommendations to eliminate/minimize medication errors (n = 36) were qualitatively synthesized. Of the recommendations, 2 (5.6%) were related to manufacture, 4 (11.1%) were related to policy, 1 (2.8%) was related to presentation to user, 1 (2.8%) was related to process tools, 17 (47.2%) were related to administration, 3 (8.3%) were related to recording/documentation, and 8 (22.2%) recommendations were classified as others. Of those, 29 (80.6%), 3 (8.3%), 3 (8.3%), and 1 (2.8%) were graded as evidence level 1, 2, 3, and 5, respectively.

Discussion
Medication error situations that might occur in pediatric anesthesia and recommendations on how to eliminate/minimize medication errors were also qualitatively synthesized. Adherence to recommendations might reduce the incidence of medication errors in pediatric anesthesia.
Distinct forms of migration and mobility are differentially associated with HIV treatment adherence
Authors: Murnane Pamela M. , Gandhi Monica , Bacchetti Peter , Getahun Monica , Gutin Sarah A. , Okochi Hideaki , Maeri Irene , Eyul Patrick , Omoding Daniel , Okiring Jaffer , Tallerico Regina , Louie Alexander , Akullian Adam , Kamya Moses R. , Bukusi Elizabeth A. , Charlebois Edwin D. , Camlin Carol S. 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
We examined whether human mobility was associated with antiretroviral treatment adherence, measured via antiretroviral hair concentrations.

Design:
This is a cross-sectional analysis of adults on antiretroviral treatment in East Africa at baseline in an observational cohort study.

Methods:
Participants reported recent mobility (overnight travel) and histories of migration (changes of residence), including reasons, frequency/duration, and locations. Hair antiretroviral concentrations were analyzed using validated methods. We estimated associations between mobility and antiretroviral concentrations via linear regression adjusted for age, sex, region, years on treatment.

Results:
Among 383 participants, half were women and the median age was 40. Among men, 25% reported recent work-related mobility, 30% nonwork mobility, and 11% migrated in the past year (mostly across district boundaries); among women, 6 and 57% reported work-related and nonwork mobility, respectively, and 8% recently migrated (mostly within district). Those reporting work-related trips 2 nights or less had 72% higher hair antiretroviral levels (P = 0.02) than those who did not travel for work; in contrast, nonwork mobility (any duration, vs. none) was associated with 24% lower levels (P = 0.06). Intra-district migrations were associated with 59% lower antiretroviral levels than nonmigrants (P = 0.003) while inter-district migrations were not (27% higher, P = 0.40).

Conclusion:
We found that localized/intra-district migration and nonwork travel—more common among women—were associated with lower adherence, potentially reflecting care interruptions or staying with family/friends unaware of the participants’ status. In contrast, short work-related trips—more common among men—were associated with higher adherence, perhaps reflecting higher income. Adherence interventions may require tailoring by sex and forms of mobility.
Investigating the optimum sample type and target genes for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Authors: Zhan Junjie , xie Ying , Wang Junxue , Hang Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThe cycle threshold (Ct) value for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid detection is important because of the criteria for quarantine management, including release from it, which are defined in Guidelines on the Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment (Provisional 9th Edition, China). As this is also currently relevant because of the recent SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Shanghai, we discuss the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection and its problems. We focus on the gene fragments and sample types involved in nucleic acid detection and their effect on the latest criteria for release from quarantine.MethodsA total of 215 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. Pharyngeal swabs (nasopharyngeal swabs plus oropharyngeal swabs) were collected in the early stage of the disease, and pharyngeal swabs, sputum samples, and anal swabs were collected both in the middle and advanced stages of the disease. The Open reading frame 1ab (ORF lab) gene, Nucleocapsid (N) gene and Envelop (E) gene of each sample were quantitatively analyzed using fluorescence qPCR technique.ResultsExclusion of the E gene detection results had no significant effect on the interpretation of the nucleic acid Ct value of 35, with a positive concordance rate of 98.7% (95% CI 86.0%–100%) and an overall concordance rate of 99.7% (95% CI 92.9%–100%). The kappa coefficient was 0.99 (95% CI 0.92–1.00). Compared with nucleic acid detection using both pharyngeal swab and sputum sample, the positive concordance rate of the detection using pharyngeal swab alone was 47.6% (95% CI 27.8%–99.3%). The kappa coefficient was 0.63 (95% CI 0.53–0.75), and the consistency was not ideal.ConclusionsNucleic acid detection using the ORF 1ab gene and the N gene can achieve the purpose of SARS-CoV-2 detection. Nucleic acid detection using sputum samples is significant in the determination of Ct values and its significance in the development of the criteria for release from quarantine needs to be taken into account. It is suggested that to increase the accuracy of nucleic acid detection, instead of unilaterally pursuing increasing the number of target genes for amplification and improving PCR techniques, more attention should be paid to sampling and sample reliability, as well as strict quality control of the detection process.
Homologous and heterologous boosting of the ChAdOx1-S1-S COVID-19 vaccine with the SCB-2019 vaccine candidate: a randomized, observer-blinded, controlled, phase 2 study
Authors: Costa Clemens Sue Ann , Milan Eveline Pipolo , Sprinz Eduardo , Neto José Cerbino , Pacciarini Filippo , Li Ping , Chen Hui-Ling , Smolenov Igor , Pollard Andrew , Clemens Ralf 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundOngoing outbreaks of COVID-19 are driven by waning immunity following primary immunizations and emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants which escape vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies. It has been suggested that heterologous boosters could enhance and potentially maintain population immunity.MethodsWe assessed immunogenicity and reactogenicity of booster doses of different formulations of alum-adjuvanted SCB-2019 vaccine (9 μg SCB-2019 with or without CpG-1018 adjuvant, or 30 μg SCB-2019 with CpG-1018) in Brazilian adults primed with ChAdOx1-S vector vaccine. S-protein antibodies and ACE2-binding inhibition were measured by ELISA on Days 1, 15 and 29. Participants self-reported solicited adverse events and reactions.ResultsAll SCB-2019 formulations increased S-protein ELISA antibodies and ACE2 binding inhibition to a greater extent than ChAdOx1-S. After 30 μg SCB-2019+CpG+alum titers against wild-type S-protein were significantly higher than after ChAdOx1-S on Days 15 and 29, as were titers of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type strain and Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants. Boosting with SCB-2019 or ChAdOx1-S was well tolerated with no vaccine-related serious or severe adverse events.ConclusionsBoosting ChAdOx1-S-primed adults with SCB-2019 induced higher levels of antibodies against a wild-type strain and SARS-CoV-2 variants than a homologous ChAdOx1-S booster, highest responses being with the 30 μg SCB-2019+CpG+alum formulation.
Within-patient evolution of plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance
Authors: DelaFuente Javier , Toribio-Celestino Laura , Santos-Lopez Alfonso , Leon-Sampedro Ricardo , Valle Aida Alonso-del , Costas Coloma , Hernandez-Garcia Marta , Cui Lun , Rodriguez-Beltran Jeronimo , Bikard David , Canton Rafael , Millan Alvaro San 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAntibiotic resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a major threat to public health, and one of the key elements in the spread and evolution of AMR in clinical pathogens is the transfer of conjugative plasmids. The drivers of AMR evolution have been extensively studied in vitro, but the evolution of plasmid-mediated AMR in vivo remains poorly explored. Here, we tracked the evolution of the clinically-relevant plasmid pOXA-48, which confers resistance to the last-resort antibiotics carbapenems, in a large collection of enterobacterial clones isolated from the gut of hospitalised patients. Combining genomic and experimental approaches, we first characterized plasmid diversity and the genotypic and phenotypic effects of multiple plasmid mutations on a common genetic background. Second, using cutting-edge genomic editing in wild-type multidrug resistant enterobacteria, we dissected three cases of within-patient plasmid-mediated AMR evolution. Our results revealed, for the first time, compensatory evolution of plasmid-associated fitness cost, as well as the evolution of enhanced plasmid-mediated AMR, in bacteria evolving within the gut of hospitalised patients. Crucially, we observed that the evolution of plasmid-mediated AMR in vivo involves a pivotal trade-off between resistance levels and bacterial fitness. This study highlights the need to develop new evolution-informed approaches to tackle plasmid-mediated AMR dissemination.
Leveraging place field repetition to understand positional versus nonpositional inputs to hippocampal field CA1
Authors: Hockeimer William , Lai Ruo-Yah , Natrajan Maanasa , Snider William , Knierim James J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe hippocampus is believed to encode episodic memory by binding information about the content of experience within a spatiotemporal framework encoding the location and temporal context of that experience. Previous work implies a distinction between positional inputs to the hippocampus that provide information about an animal’s location and nonpositional inputs which provide information about the content of experience, both sensory and navigational. Here we leverage the phenomenon of “place field repetition” to better understand the functional dissociation between positional and nonpositional inputs to CA1. Rats navigated freely on a novel maze consisting of linear segments arranged in a rectilinear, city-block configuration, which combined elements of open-field foraging and linear-track tasks. Unlike typical results in open-field foraging, place fields were directionally tuned on the maze, even though the animal’s behavior was not constrained to 1-D trajectories. Repeating fields from the same cell tended to have the same directional preference when the fields were aligned along a linear corridor of the maze, but they showed uncorrelated directional preferences when they were unaligned across different corridors. Lastly, individual fields displayed complex time dynamics which resulted in the population activity changing gradually over the course of minutes. These temporal dynamics were evident across repeating fields of the same cell. These results demonstrate that the positional inputs that drive a cell to fire in similar locations across the maze can be behaviorally and temporally dissociated from the nonpositional inputs that alter the firing rates of the cell within its place fields, thereby increasing the flexibility of the system to encode episodic variables within a spatiotemporal framework provided by place cells.
Celebrity endorsement in marketing from 1960 to 2021: a bibliometric review and future agenda
Authors: Wang Shaoshan , Liu Matthew Tingchi 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis study deployed a bibliometric analysis of 604 academic articles on celebrity endorsement collected from the Scopus database from January 1960 to August 2021 (the first published article dated back to 1976). This study integrated three bibliometric analyses: timeline visualization, co-citation cluster analysis, and historical direct citation analysis. This study conducted a qualitative review to further examine the obtained quantitative results.Design/methodology/approachThis study reviewed the existing research on the celebrity endorsement domain. Based on a bibliometric review of existing literature, this study aimed to provide main theoretical roots and research trajectories and propose new research avenues concerning the theory, context, characteristics, and research methodologies adopted within the marketing discipline.FindingsThe findings revealed that the existing relevant research focused on celebrity endorsement in different periods. The main theoretical roots and research trajectories identified were developed under the influence of primary articles from co-citation analysis and historical direct citation.Research limitations/implicationsBased on the quantitative bibliometric analysis and a qualitative literature review, this study has provided a comprehensive overview of the current stage of this domain. The study also has underscored an abundance of celebrity endorsement literature and revealed the research topics that require further investigations to theoretically and empirically advance the understanding of celebrity endorsement.Practical implicationsSome topics were recommended for further research within the theory, context, characteristics, and methodology aspects. Some practical examples and suggestions are also given in the study.Originality/valueThis study proposed a bibliometric overview of celebrity endorsement in the marketing discipline, especially based on timeline visualization, co-citation cluster analysis, and historical direct citation analysis. Furthermore, this study offered a research agenda for further studies in the marketing discipline.