bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Bioflocculants and Cationic Inducers Concentration on Harvesting Chlorella vulgaris Biomass Using Fungal Aspergillus niger Bioflocculation Method
Authors: Isaroyati L , Hadiyanto H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Energy consumption from non-renewable fuels is increasing, so there is a need for a new energy source from microalgae. The microalgae Chlorella vulgaris has a high lipid content ranging from 2-77% of the dry weight of the biomass, but it small size, ranging from 2-10 micrometers, which makes it uneconomical at the harvesting stage. One of the cheaper, effective, and environmentally-friendly harvesting methods is bioflocculation. The bioflocculation was carried out using the help of fungi by activating Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) on positively charged fungi which would stick to negatively charged microalgae so that the charge became neutral and formed flocs. Previous research on the efficiency of harvesting bioflocculation of Chlorella vulgaris using Aspergillus niger pellets still takes a long time. Harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris with Aspergillus niger pellets was able to increase the efficiency of bioflocculation with the optimal parameters which were at pH 8, cationic inducer of 60 mM, bioflocculant dose of 3.5% w/v, and stirring speed of 150 rpm by 93% with a biomass of 333 mg within 48 hours. The bioflocculation harvesting method with fungi pellets can reduce time, save energy, increase harvesting efficiency, and not produce side products so harmful to the environment.
Synthesis of Geopolymer Concrete Using Flyash
Authors: Amjad S U , Budihardjo M A , Priyambada I B , Asghar R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Geopolymer concrete (GPC) reduces the environmental impacts of conventional Portland cement concrete, therefore, this research aims to investigate the compressive characteristics of GPC by utilizing the readily available industrial waste i.e., coal based Flyash in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. For the preparation of GPC, Na2SiO3 was used as an activator. After the preparation of GPC specimens, their compressive characteristics were investigated at different ages of specimens, Flyash content, curing time, and curing conditions. Moreover, the relationship between compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of GPC was also evaluated. From the testing of GPC specimens in a compression testing machine (CTM), their compressive strength was found to be similar to that of conventional Portland cement concrete i.e., in the range of 20-40 MPa tested at the age of 7 and 28 days respectively. Furthermore, elevated temperature curing was found to increase the compressive strength of GPC significantly as compared to that of ambient curing. From the cost analysis, Flyash-based GPC was found to be cost effective as compared to conventional Portland cement concrete
Effect of Cow Manure on Biogas Production Based on Rice Husk Waste in SSAD Conditions
Authors: Matin H H A , Syafrudin S , Suherman S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The development of biogas technology is currently very fast along with the increasing need for energy and expensive costs used to buy fossil energy. Rice husk-based biogas has begun to be widely developed because of the high potential that can be utilized from the biomass. The aim of this study was to study the effect of the addition cow manure combined with rice husks for biogas production under SSAD conditions. Variable comparison of rice husk and cow manure as follows: 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. The study was carried out in duplicate on laboratory scale with C/N ratio 35, 27% total solids and rumen fluid as a source of methanogenic bacteria. Biogas is observed every two days until its productivity decreases. It was found that the best biogas productivity was in the 2:1 variable range, namely 39.49 mL/grTS followed by 1:1 21.91 mL/grTS, 3:1 13.80 mL/grTS, 1:2 13.31 mL/grTS, 1:3 10.90 mL/grTS, 1:4 82 mL/grTS and 4:1 9.41 mL/grTS. After calculating the biogas production rate constant with Gompertz, the highest productivity was obtained at 1:1 variable, with maximum biogas (A): 65.69 mL/grTS, daily biogas production (U): 0.37 mL/grTS.day, and minimal time for biogas formation (𝜆): 25th day.
Domestic waste briquetting as refuse-derived-fuel for power plant alternative energy (case study: Bali Province)
Authors: Widyarsana I M W , Saraswati D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mobilization and population growth caused waste generation and energy supply increments. It requires more efficient waste management and treatment methods. On the other side, the availability of fossil fuel resources decreased, it urges alternative energy sources to take place. One of the waste-to-energy implementations is using domestic waste into briquettes as refuse-derived fuel (RDF) for gasification fuel as the solutions to overcome this problem. Bali Province is one of the targets of the government’s acceleration program for the construction of waste processing plants into electric energy based on Presidential Regulation 35/2018. Waste- to-energy can be applied as co-firing in power plant. This study aims to determine the potential utilization of refuse-derived-fuel as power plant at Suwung Sarbagita Landfill and Bali Province as study case. Wastes are produced into briquette as refuse-derived-fuel. The proximate test results of briquette characteristics were analyzed in laboratory. Potential utilization calculation using data of waste generation in Bali Province, briquette characteristics especially calorific value, and optimal coal and briquette ratio of co-firing process. From the calculation with assuming using Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGGC) system technology with efficiency of 45%, waste in Suwung Sarbagita Landfill, Bali Province has the potential to generate electricity of 101.6 MW.
Large time probability of failure in diffusive search with resetting for a random target in ℝ^{𝕕}–A functional analytic approach
Authors: Pinsky Ross 
Published: November 2022

We consider a stochastic search model with resetting for an unknown stationary target

a
∈

R

d

,

d
≥
1

a\in \mathbb {R}^d,\ d\ge 1

, with known distribution

μ
\mu

. The searcher begins at the origin and performs Brownian motion with diffusion coefficient

D
D

. The searcher is also equipped with an exponential clock with rate

r
>
0

r>0

, so that if it has failed to locate the target by the time the clock rings, then its position is reset to the origin and it continues its search anew from there. In dimension one, the target is considered located when the process hits the point

a
a

, while in dimensions two and higher, one chooses an

ϵ
0

>
0

\epsilon _0>0

and the target is considered located when the process hits the

ϵ
0

\epsilon _0

-ball centered at

a
a

. Denote the position of the searcher at time

t
t

by

X
(
t
)

X(t)

, let

τ
a

\tau _a

denote the time that a target at

a
a

is located, and let

P
0

d
;
(
r
,
0
)

P^{d;(r,0)}_0

denote probabilities for the process starting from 0. Taking a functional analytic point of view, and using the generator of the Markovian search process and its adjoint, we obtain precise estimates, with control on the dependence on

a
a

, for the asymptotic behavior of

P
0

d
;
(
r
,
0
)

(

τ
a

>
t
)

P^{d;(r,0)}_0(\tau _a>t)

for large time, and then use this to obtain large time estimates on

∫

R

d

P
0

d
;
(
r
,
0
)

(

τ
a

>
t
)
d
μ
(
a
)

\int _{\mathbb {R}^d}P^{d;(r,0)}_0(\tau _a>t)d\mu (a)

, the probability that the searcher has failed up to time

t
t

to locate the random target, for a variety of families of target distributions

μ
\mu

. Specifically, for

B
,
l
>
0

B,l>0

and

d
∈

N

d\in \mathbb {N}

, let

μ

B
,
l

(
d
)

∈

P

(

R

d

)

\mu ^{(d)}_{B,l}\in \mathcal {P}(\mathbb {R}^d)

denote any target distribution with density

μ

B
,
l

(
d
)

(
a
)

\mu _{B,l}^{(d)}(a)

that satisfies

lim

|

a

|

→
∞

log
⁡

μ

B
,
l

(
d
)

(
a
)

|

a

|

l

=
−
B
.

\begin{equation*} \lim _{|a|\to \infty }\frac {\log \mu _{B,l}^{(d)}(a)}{|a|^l}=-B. \end{equation*}

Then we prove that

lim

t
→
∞

1

(
log
⁡
t

)
l

log
⁡

∫

R

d

P
0

d
;
(
r
,
0
)

(

τ
a

>
t
)

μ

B
,
l

(
d
)

(
d
a
)
=
−
B
(

D

2
r

)

l
2

.

\begin{equation*} \lim _{t\to \infty }\frac 1{(\log t)^l}\log \int _{\mathbb {R}^d} P_0^{d;(r,0)}(\tau _a>t)\mu _{B,l}^{(d)}(da)=-B(\frac D{2r})^\frac l2. \end{equation*}

The result is independent of the dimension. In particular, for example, if the target distribution is a centered Gaussian of any dimension with variance

σ
2

\sigma ^2

, then for any

δ
>
0

\delta >0

, the probability of not locating the target by time

t
t

falls in the interval

(

e

−
(
1
+
δ
)

D

4
r

σ
2

(
log
⁡
t

)
2

,

e

−
(
1
−
δ
)

D

4
r

σ
2

(
log
⁡
t

)
2

)

\big (e^{-(1+\delta )\frac {D}{4r\sigma ^2}(\log t)^2}, e^{-(1-\delta )\frac {D}{4r\sigma ^2}(\log t)^2}\big )

, for sufficiently large

t
t

.
Bariatric surgery volume by hospital and long-term survival: population-based NordOSCo data
Authors: Markar Sheraz R , Santoni Giola , Holmberg Dag , Kauppila Joonas H , Lagergren Jesper 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
It is unclear whether annual hospital volume of bariatric surgery influences the long-term survival of individuals who undergo surgery for severe obesity. The hypothesis that higher annual hospital volume of bariatric surgery is associated with better long-term survival was evaluated.

Methods
This retrospective population-based study included patients who underwent bariatric surgery in Sweden and Finland between 1989 and 2020. Annual hospital volume was analysed for risk of all-cause mortality. Multivariable Cox regression provided HRs with 95 per cent confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, co-morbidity, country, and type of bariatric procedure.

Results
Weight loss surgery was performed in 77 870 patients with a 0.5 per cent risk of postoperative death (mortality rate (MR) per 100 000 people 592.7, 95 per cent c.i. 575.0 to 610.9). Higher annual hospital volume of bariatric surgery was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. The adjusted HRs were slightly more reduced for each quartile of annual hospital volume compared with the lowest quartile (MR per 100 000 people for lowest quartile 815.1, 95 per cent c.i. 781.7 to 849.9; for quartile II: HR 0.88, 95 per cent c.i. 0.81 to 0.96 (MR per 100 000 people 545.0, 512.0 to 580.1); for quartile III: HR 0.87, 0.78 to 0.97 (MR per 100 000 people 428.8, 395.5 to 465.0); for quartile IV: HR 0.82, 0.73 to 0.93 (MR per 100 000 people 356.0, 324.1 to 391.1)). In analyses restricted to laparoscopic surgery, volume and mortality were related only in the crude model (HR 0.86, 0.75 to 0.98), but not in the multivariable model (HR 0.97, 0.84 to 1.13) that compared highest and lowest quartiles.

Conclusion
If there was a survival benefit associated with hospital volume, it may have been due to a faster uptake of laparoscopic surgery in the busier hospitals.
Novel gene–intergenic fusion involving ubiquitin E3 ligase UBE3C causes distal hereditary motor neuropathy
Authors: Cutrupi Anthony N , Narayanan Ramesh K , Perez-Siles Gonzalo , Grosz Bianca R , Lai Kaitao , Boyling Alexandra , Ellis Melina , Lin Ruby C Y , Neumann Brent , Mao Di , Uesugi Motonari , Nicholson Garth A , Vucic Steve , Saporta Mario A , Kennerson Marina L 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDistal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMNs) are a group of inherited diseases involving the progressive, length-dependent axonal degeneration of the lower motor neurons. There are currently 29 reported causative genes and four disease loci implicated in dHMN. Despite the high genetic heterogeneity, mutations in the known genes account for less than 20% of dHMN cases, with the mutations identified predominantly being point mutations or indels. We have expanded the spectrum of dHMN mutations with the identification of a 1.35 Mb complex structural variation (SV) causing a form of autosomal dominant dHMN (DHMN1 OMIM %182906). Given the complex nature of SV mutations and the importance of studying pathogenic mechanisms in a neuronal setting, we generated a patient-derived DHMN1 motor neuron model harbouring the 1.35 Mb complex insertion. The DHMN1 complex insertion creates a duplicated copy of the first 10 exons of the ubiquitin-protein E3 ligase gene (UBE3C) and forms a novel gene–intergenic fusion sense transcript by incorporating a terminal pseudo-exon from intergenic sequence within the DHMN1 locus. The UBE3C intergenic fusion (UBE3C-IF) transcript does not undergo nonsense-mediated decay and results in a significant reduction of wild-type full-length UBE3C (UBE3C-WT) protein levels in DHMN1 iPSC-derived motor neurons. An engineered transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model expressing the UBE3C-IF transcript in GABA-ergic motor neurons shows neuronal synaptic transmission deficits. Furthermore, the transgenic animals are susceptible to heat stress, which may implicate defective protein homeostasis underlying DHMN1 pathogenesis. Identification of the novel UBE3C-IF gene–intergenic fusion transcript in motor neurons highlights a potential new disease mechanism underlying axonal and motor neuron degeneration. These complementary models serve as a powerful paradigm for studying the DHMN1 complex SV and an invaluable tool for defining therapeutic targets for DHMN1.
Cardiovascular Outcomes After Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab use for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Against Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Population-Based Propensity-matched Cohort Study
Authors: Birabaharan Morgan , Hill Eddie , Begur Maedha , Kaelber David C , Martin Thomas C S , Mehta Sanjay R 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTixagevimab and cilgavimab treatment was associated with higher rates of cardiovascular events in a post hoc analysis of a phase 3 trial. In this large population-based propensity-matched study, we found no increased risk of cardiovascular events up to 90 days after tixagevimab and cilgavimab administration, including in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.
Deep Hashing and Sparse Representation of Abnormal Events Detection
Authors: Gnouma Mariem , Ejbali Ridha , Zaied Mourad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to its widespread application in the field of public security, anomaly detection in crowd scenes has recently become a hot topic. Some deep learning-based methods led to significant accomplishments in this field. Nevertheless, due to the scarcity of data and the misclassification of queries which most of them suffer to some extent from a sudden and infrequent overfitting. Though, we tried to solve the above problems, understand the long video streams and establish an accurate and reliable security system in order to improve its performance in detecting anomalies. We also referred to the hash technique, which has proven to be the most efficient method used when researching about large-scale image recovery. Thus, this article offers a smart video anomaly detection solution. In this paper, we combine the advantages of both deep hashing and deep auto-encoders to show that tracking changes in deep hash components across time and can be used to detect local anomalies. More precisely, we start with a new technique to minimize the mass of input data and information in order to decrease the time of calculation using a new dynamic frame skipping technique. Then, we propose to measure local anomalies by combining semantic with low-level optical flows to balance the performance and perceptibility. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed methods surpass these baselines for the detection and localization of anomalies.
Lipoprotein(a) levels in children with suspected familial hypercholesterolaemia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: de Boer Lotte M , Hutten Barbara A , Zwinderman Aeilko H , Wiegman Albert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) predisposes children to the early initiation of atherosclerosis and is preferably diagnosed by DNA analysis. Yet, in many children with a clinical presentation of FH, no mutation is found. Adult data show that high levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] may underlie a clinical presentation of FH, as the cholesterol content of Lp(a) is included in conventional LDL cholesterol measurements. As this is limited to adult data, Lp(a) levels in children with and without (clinical) FH were evaluated.

Methods and results
Children were eligible if they visited the paediatric lipid clinic (1989–2020) and if Lp(a) measurement and DNA analysis were performed. In total, 2721 children (mean age: 10.3 years) were included and divided into four groups: 1931 children with definite FH (mutation detected), 290 unaffected siblings/normolipidaemic controls (mutation excluded), 108 children with probable FH (clinical presentation, mutation not detected), and 392 children with probable non-FH (no clinical presentation, mutation not excluded). In children with probable FH, 32% were found to have high Lp(a) [geometric mean (95% confidence interval) of 15.9 (12.3–20.6) mg/dL] compared with 10 and 10% [geometric means (95% confidence interval) of 11.5 (10.9–12.1) mg/dL and 9.8 (8.4–11.3) mg/dL] in children with definite FH (P = 0.017) and unaffected siblings (P = 0.002), respectively.

Conclusion
Lp(a) was significantly higher and more frequently elevated in children with probable FH compared with children with definite FH and unaffected siblings, suggesting that high Lp(a) may underlie the clinical presentation of FH when no FH-causing mutation is found. Performing both DNA analysis and measuring Lp(a) in all children suspected of FH is recommended to assess possible LDL cholesterol overestimation related to increased Lp(a).
A core case for supermajority rules in constitutional adjudication
Authors: Caviedes Cristóbal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this article, I present a conditioned argument—also called a “core case”—for using supermajority rules in constitutional adjudication. I hold that, given some assumptions, constitutional courts should replace majority rule with supermajority rules to declare statutes unconstitutional. I assume that (i) there are substantive standards for assessing the constitutionality of legislation; (ii) given reasonable disagreement, statutes should be presumed constitutional; (iii) my claims only apply to some constitutional adjudication systems; and (iv) my claims only apply to “well-functioning democracies.” Given these assumptions, I argue that constitutional courts should use supermajority rules to declare statutes unconstitutional for three reasons: first, supermajority rules may boost judges’ accuracy more than majority rule on mathematical grounds and on deliberative grounds; second, supermajority rules may increase constitutional courts’ reputation by signaling consensus; and third, supermajority rules may embody the presumption of constitutionality of legislation. I finish by tackling some possible objections. Specifically, I tackle the concern that, under supermajority rules, too many statutes that should be declared unconstitutional would stay constitutional; the concern that supermajority rules in constitutional adjudication could be used to erode a democracy; and the concern that, under supermajority rules, some declarations of unconstitutionality that one judges as correct may not have happened.
Constraining constituent conventions: Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès and the limits of pouvoir constituant
Authors: Fasel Raffael N 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Constituent power is widely viewed as the people’s legally unlimited power to make constitutions. This Popular Account of Constituent Power, as I call it, has been particularly influential in Latin American constitution-making processes, where it is often invoked as a justification for constituent conventions to ignore limits imposed on them. Although Carl Schmitt’s constitutional theory is a prominent source for the Popular Account, its proponents ultimately believe it to be based on Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès’s theory of pouvoir constituant. In this article, I show that this belief is unfounded. As I argue, Sieyès’s theory is best viewed as a secularized natural law theory that limits constituent power. Focusing on constituent conventions in particular, I demonstrate that Sieyès’s theory imposes two constraints on them: their mandate from the people and the common interest. I show the practical relevance of this finding by applying it to the current constitution-making process in Chile.
KELT-9 and its ultra-hot Jupiter: Stellar parameters, composition, and planetary pollution
Authors: Kama Mihkel , Folsom Colin P , Jermyn Adam S , Teske Johanna K 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
KELT-9b is an ultra-hot Jupiter observed to be undergoing extreme mass-loss. Its A0-type host star has a radiative envelope, which makes its surface layers prone to retaining recently accreted material. To search for potential signs of planetary material polluting the stellar surface, we carry out the most comprehensive chemical characterization of KELT-9 to-date. New element detections include Na and Y, which had previously been detected in the ultra-hot Jupiter but not studied in the star; these detections complete the set of ten elements measured in both star and planet. In comparing KELT-9 with similar open cluster stars we find no strong anomalies. This finding is consistent with calculations of photospheric pollution accounting for stellar mixing and using observationally estimated KELT-9b mass-loss rates. We also rule out recent, short-lived intensive mass transfer such as the stellar ingestion of an Earth-mass exomoon.
Impact of point spread function higher moments error on weak gravitational lensing – II. A comprehensive study
Authors: Zhang Tianqing , Almoubayyed Husni , Mandelbaum Rachel , Meyers Joshua E , Jarvis Mike , Kannawadi Arun , Schmitz Morgan A , Guinot Axel ,   The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Weak lensing is one of the most powerful probes for dark matter and dark energy science, although it faces increasing challenges in controlling systematic uncertainties as the statistical errors become smaller. The point spread function (PSF) needs to be precisely modeled to avoid systematic error on the weak lensing measurements. The weak lensing biases induced by errors in the PSF model second moments, i.e. its size and shape, are well-studied. However, Zhang et al. showed that errors in the higher moments of the PSF may also be a significant source of systematics for upcoming weak lensing surveys. Therefore, this work comprehensively investigate the modelling quality of PSF moments from the 3rd to 6th order, and propagate the PSFEx higher moments modelling error in the HSC survey data set to the weak lensing shear–shear correlation functions and their cosmological analyses. The overall multiplicative shear bias associated with errors in PSF higher moments can cause an ∼0.1σ shift on the cosmological parameters for LSST Y10, while the associated additive biases can induce 1σ uncertainties in cosmology parameter inference for LSST Y10, if not accounted. We compare the PSFEx model with PSF in Full FOV, and find similar performance in modelling the PSF higher moments. We conclude that PSF higher moment errors of the future PSF models should be reduced from those in current methods, otherwise needed to be explicitly modeled in the weak lensing analysis.