bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hak Hadhanah Anak yang Belum Mumayiz kepada Ayah Kandung Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Winanda Putri Levi , Hidayatul Imtihanah Anis 
Published: March 2022

Custody of minors (Hadhanah) is the right to take care of small children, both male and female, or those who are mentally unsound. The issue of Hadhanah received particular attention in Islamic teachings. The divorce occurs in the household, the one who is more entitled to take care of the child is the mother or the mother's lineage and above. Meanwhile, what happened in one of the families in Kincang Wetan Village was because the mother worked abroad, so that child custody was given to her biological father. This study aims to discover more about the hadhanah rights of children who have not been mumayyiz given to their biological fathers. The type of research conducted by the author is field research that uses qualitative methods, while the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the hadhanah rights of children who had not been mumayyiz were given to the father because the mother worked abroad, and for the care of the child since joining his father, he received good care. According to Islamic law, the hadhanah rights granted to the father are allowed because the mother cannot obtain these rights. Based on the maslahah mursalah, the hadhanah rights given to the father are allowed because it is to realize goodness, besides that because the child has been accustomed to following his father since childhood, and so that the rights of the child are still fulfilled.
Hak asuh anak di bawah umur (Hadhanah) merupakan hak untuk memelihara anak kecil, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan atau yang kurang sehat akalnya. Masalah Hadhanah mendapat perhatian khusus dalam ajaran Islam. Apabila di dalam rumah tangga terjadi perceraian, yang lebih berhak untuk mengasuh anak adalah pihak ibu atau garis keturunan ibu ke atas. Sedangkan yang terjadi di salah satu keluarga di Desa Kincang Wetan karena ibu bekerja di luar negeri sehingga hak asuh anak diberikan kepada Ayah kandungnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut tentang hak hadhanah anak yang belum mumayyiz yang diberikan pada ayah kandung. Adapun jenis penelitian yang dilakukan penulis merupakan penelitian lapangan yang menggunakan metode kualitatif, sedangkan tekhnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hak hadhanah anak yang belum mumayyiz diberikan ke ayah karena ibu bekerja di luar negeri, dan untuk pemeliharaan anak sejak ikut ayahnya mendapatkan pemeliharaan yang baik. Berdasarkan Hukum Islam hak hadhanah diberikan pada ayah diperbolehkan karena ibu berhalangan untuk mendapatkan hak tersebut. Berdasarkan maslahah mursalah hak hadhanah diberikan ke ayah diperbolehkan karena untuk mewujudkan kebaikan, selain itu karena anak tersebut sudah terbiasa ikut ayahnya sejak kecil, dan agar hak-hak anak tetap terpenuhi.
Spatial Heterogeneity of Infiltrating T cells in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer revealed by Multi-omics analysis
Authors: Sun Chaoyang , Yang Bin , Li Xiong , Zhang Wei , Fan Junpeng , Zhou Yong , Li Wenting , Yin Jingjing , Guo Ensong , Li Xi , Fu Yu , Liu Si , Hu Dianxing , Qin Xu , Dou Yingyu , Xiao Rourou , Lu Funian , Wang Zizhuo , Qin Tianyu , Mills Gordon , Zhang Qinghua , Li ShuaiCheng , Ma Ding , Chen Gang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), especially CD8+ TILs, represent a favorable prognostic factor in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and other tumor lineages. The spatial heterogeneity of different TIL subtypes in HGSOC remains to be elucidated. We integrated RNA sequencing, whole-genome sequencing, bulk T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, as well as single-cell RNA/TCR sequencing to investigate the characteristics and differential composition of TILs across different HGSOC sites. Two immune patterns in ovarian cancer are identified: 1) ovarian lesions with low infiltration of mainly dysfunctional T cells and immunosuppressive Treg cells, 2) omental lesions infiltrated with non-tumor-specific bystander cells. Exhausted CD8 T cells that are preferentially enriched in ovarian tumors are clonal expanded and exhibit evidence for cytotoxic activity. Inherent tumor immune microenvironment characteristics appear to be the main contributor to the spatial differences in TIL status. The landscape of spatial heterogeneity of TILs informs potential strategies for therapeutic manipulation in HGSOC.
Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks for preoperative pain management in hip fractures: a systematic review
Authors: Exsteen Oskar Wilborg , Svendsen Christine Nygaard , Rothe Christian , Lange Kai Henrik Wiborg , Lundstrøm Lars Hyldborg 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Systematic reviews associate peripheral nerve blocks based on anatomic landmarks or nerve stimulation with reduced pain and need for systemic analgesia in hip fracture patients. We aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided nerve blocks compared to nerve blocks without the use of ultrasound and to conventional analgesia for preoperative pain management in hip fractures. Five databases were searched until June 2021 to identify randomised controlled trials. Two independent authors extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Data was pooled for meta-analysis and quality of evidence was evaluated using Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Our search did not identify trials comparing ultrasound-guided nerve blocks to different block techniques without use of ultrasound. However, we included 12 trials (976 participants) comparing ultrasound-guided nerve blocks to conventional systemic analgesia. In favour of ultrasound, pain after block placement decreased with a mean difference of -2.35 (VAS 0 to 10); (p<0.001) 95% CI [–3.07 to –1.62]. In favour of ultrasound, preoperative analgesic usage of iv. morphine equivalents in milligram decreased with mean difference of –5.34 (p=0.003) 95% CI [–8.11 to –2.58]. Further, ultrasound-guided nerve blocks may be associated with a lower frequency of delirium, fewer serious adverse events and higher patient satisfaction. However, the quality of evidence was judged low or very low. In conclusion, no trials comparing ultrasound to other block techniques were found, thus not permitting conclusions on our primary aim. Despite low quality of evidence, ultrasound-guided blocks were associated with benefits compared to conventional systemic analgesia.
TP53 Mutation for Prediction of Tumor Recurrence and Metastasis in Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: Mamdouh Samah , Khorshed Fatma , Aboushousha Tarek , Safwat Gehan , Elesaily Khaled 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Its complex etiopathogenesis is dependent on numerous risk factors that can be divided into three distinct categories: genetic and molecular abnormalities, chemical or environmental exposure and previous genitourinary disorders and family history of different malignancies. This study highlights the genetic and molecular abnormalities that considered to be part of bladder carcinogenesis such as genetic mutations of TP53.To date, cystoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, butit is invasive and uncomfortable. Hence, many efforts are focusing on the development of accuratenon-invasive diagnostic tests for BC, consequently, this study aims to develop a new non-invasive and reliable test to accurately detect TP53 mutations in urine sediments of Egyptian BC patients and to evaluate the influence of their genetic status on tumor metastasis and recurrence as they are the main problems during the disease.Methods: A total of 150 BC patients and 50 healthy volunteers as controls were enrolled in this study, urine samples were obtained from all participants. DNA was extracted and TP53 mutations were examinedin exons (2+3), 4 and 5 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All PCR products were subjected to bidirectional sequencing.Results: Fifty four (36.0%) patients of 150 were mutated in exon (2+3) with statistically higher significant in patients when compared to controls (P = 0.001),while 96 patients(64.0%) in Exon 4, and 111 patients(74.0%) in Exon 5 with the same (P = 0.001).Moreover, a significant association was observed between TP53 status with tumor stage and grade, being alterations more common in high-stage and high-grade tumors.Conclusion: We conclude that TP53genetic mutations are independent prognostic factors for tumor metastasis and recurrence and the genetic alternation of TP53 could be used for prediction of bladder tumorigenesis.
Improvement of the Bioethanol Yield in Saccharomyces cerevisiae GPD2 Delta FPS1 Delta ADH2 Delta Constructed by the CRISPR-Cas9 Approach with the Decrease of By-Product Formation
Authors: Yang Peizhou , Jiang Shuying , Jiang Suwei , Lu Shuhua , Zheng Zhi , Chen Jianchao , Wu Wenjing , Jiang Shaotong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Bioethanol plays an important value in renewable liquid fuel. The inhibition of by-product formation would enhance the ethanol production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In fact, the excessive accumulation of glycerol and organic acids caused the decrease of ethanol content in the process of industrial ethanol production. Results: In this study, S. cerevisiae engineering strains were constructed using the CRISPR-Cas9 approach to delete GPD2, FPS1, and ADH2 to improve the yield of ethanol with the decrease of by-product contents. Engineered S. cerevisiae SCGFA by the GPD2, FPS1, and ADH2 deletion produced 23.1 g/L with 50 g/L of glucose as substrate. SCGFA strain exhibited the ethanol conversion rate of 0.462 g per g of glucose. In addition, the contents of glycerol, lactic acid, acetic acid, and succinic acid in SCGFA decreased by 22.7, 12.7, 8.1, 19.9, and 20.7% compared with the wild-type strain, respectively. Conclusions: The co-knockout of GPD2, FPS1, and ADH2 dramatically improved the ethanol yield of S. cerevisiae by the inhibition of glycerol release and the prevention of ethanol consumption. This study developed a new S. cerevisiae engineering strain SCGFA with high-level ethanol production after GPD2, FPS1, and ADH2 deletion. The engineering strain SCGFA could apply in ethanol production with less formation of by-products.
Urban metabolism and emergy of China’s cities
Authors: Tang Miaohan , Hong Jingke , Shan Yuli , Xue Rui , Ruzzenenti Franco , Wang Wentao , Hubacek Klaus 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Unprecedented pace of urbanization and industrialization caused a massive increase in China’s urban metabolic pressure. The trend presents an urgent challenge for detailing the long-term changes and disparities in urban metabolic performances in a wide range of cities. Here, we present empirical evidence of 283 China’s cities from 2000 to 2018 based on emergy analysis indicating that China’s urban metabolic performance gradually becomes worse. For example, the environmental sustainability index decreased by 81.64% between 2000 and 2018. In addition, emergy-based performances among China’s cities show considerable differences. Agricultural cities and light manufacturing cities have better sustainability; energy production cities face high environmental pressure. Scenarios for 2025 show that total emergy use would experience slower growth; and most cities continue their decline in emergy metabolism. To ensure overall progress on urban metabolic performance, heavy manufacturing cities and energy production cities should give more attention in adjusting emergy structure.
In Vivo Comparison of White Spot Lesions Using the Enamel Decalcification Index and Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence Measurement During Orthodontic Therapy
Authors: Ferrari-Peron Priscila , Steuer Lisa M. , Schmidtmann Irene , Mundethu Ambili R. , Wehrbein Heinrich , Erbe Christina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background/Objectives: To compare the quantitative assessment methods, visual-tactile examination and fluorescence measurement, for the detection of white spot lesions (WSL) in adolescents with a multibracket appliance (MB).Material & Methods: The study included 28 subjects (14 ♂, 14 ♀) with MB in the maxilla and mandible. Data collection took place before (T0), half a year after (T1), and one year after the insertion of the MB (T2), using the Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) developed by Banks & Richmond (1994, levels 0-3) and the quantitative light-induced fluorescence measurement (QLF).Results: At T0, n = 4 (14%) subjects were free of lesions. Six months after the onset of MB (T 1), n = 2 subjects (7%) were still free of lesions. One year after the onset of MB (T2), n = 2 subjects were free of lesions. The kappa coefficient value for measuring the degree of agreement between the two methods was 0.71 for all three study time points combined.Conclusion: Both the QLF and EDI methods demonstrated similar results, each presenting only a few discrepancies, which means that in order to determine the method most suitable for each individual case, the cost-benefit and time factors should be examined.
Does Machine Learning Make More Reliable Diabetes Prediction Model Using Big Data?: Comparison of Gradient Boosting Decision Tree and Logistic Regression
Authors: Seto Hiroe , Oyama Asuka , Kitora Shuji , Toki Hiroshi , Yamamoto Ryohei , Kotoku Jun’ichi , Haga Akihiro , Shinzawa Maki , Yamakawa Miyae , Fukui Sakiko , Moriyama Toshiki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We sought to verify the reliability of machine learning (ML) in developing diabetes prediction models by utilizing big data. To this end, we compared the reliability of gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) and logistic regression (LR) models using data obtained from the Kokuho-database of the Osaka prefecture, Japan. To develop the models, we focused on 16 predictors from health checkup data from April 2013 to December 2014. A total of 277,651 eligible participants were studied. The prediction models were developed using a light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), which is an effective GBDT implementation algorithm, and LR. Their reliabilities were measured based on expected calibration error (ECE), negative log-likelihood (Logloss), and reliability diagram. Similarly, their classification accuracies were measured in the area under the curve (AUC). We further analyzed their reliabilities while changing the sample size for training. Among the 277,651 participants, 15,900 (7978 males and 7922 females) were newly diagnosed with diabetes within three years. LightGBM (LR) achieved an ECE of 0.0017±0.00033 (0.0048±0.00058), a Logloss of 0.167±0.00062 (0.172±0.00090), and an AUC of 0.845±0.0025 (0.826±0.0035). From sample size analysis, the reliability of LightGBM became higher than that of LR when the sample size increased more than 10^4. Thus, we confirmed that GBDT provides a more reliable model than LR in the development of diabetes prediction models using big data. ML could potentially produce a highly reliable diabetes prediction model, a helpful tool for improving lifestyle and preventing diabetes.
Circular Dorsal Ruffles Disturb the Growth Factor-induced PI3K-AKT Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hep3B cells
Authors: Sun Xiaowei , Liu Yujie , Zhou Shuheng , Wang Li , Wei Jinzi , Hua Rui , Shen Zhongyang , Yoshida Sei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Circular dorsal ruffles (CDRs) are rounded membrane ruffles induced on the dorsal surfaces of cells stimulated by growth factors (GF). They can serve as signal platforms to activate AKT protein kinase. After GF stimulation, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) generates phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PIP3) in the plasma membrane. PIP3 accumulates inside CDRs, recruits AKT into the structures, and phosphorylates them (pAKT). Given the importance of the PI3K-AKT pathway in GF signaling, CDRs are likely involved in cell growth. Interestingly, some cancer cell lines express CDRs. We hypothesized that CDRs contribute to carcinogenesis by modulating the AKT pathway. In the present study, we identified CDR-expressing cancer cell lines and investigated their cellular functions. Methods: CDR formation was examined in six cancer cell lines in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin. The morphology of the CDRs was characterized, and the related signaling molecules were observed using confocal and scanning electron microscopy. The role of CDRs in the AKT pathway was studied using biochemical analysis. The actin inhibitor cytochalasin D (Cyto D) and the PI3K inhibitor TGX221 were used to block CDRs. Results: GF treatment induced CDRs in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Hep3B cell line, but not in others, including HCC cell lines HepG2 and Huh7, and the LO2 hepatocyte cell line. Confocal microscopy and western blot analysis showed that the PI3K-PIP3-AKT pathway was activated at the CDRs and that receptor proteins were recruited to the structures. Cyto D and TGX221 completely blocked CDRs and partially attenuated GF-induced pAKT. These results indicate that CDRs regulate the receptor-mediated PI3K-AKT pathway in Hep3B cells and the existence of CDR-independent pAKT mechanisms.Conclusions: Our results showed that CDRs modulate the AKT pathway in Hep3B cells. Since CDRs were not observed in other HCC and hepatocyte cell lines, we propose that CDRs in Hep3B would determine the carcinoma characteristic of the cell by aberrantly triggering the AKT pathway. Signaling molecules involved in CDR formation are promising therapeutic targets for some types of HCC.
Jaw bone changes in panoramic radiography in patients with hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Mohammadi Maryam , Alinejad Saeed , Abesi Farida 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
One of the kidney's essential functions is bone metabolism's regulatory effect by activating active vitamin D. Hypocalcemia occurs due to phosphate retention and calcium loss in the kidneys in chronic renal failure. This condition stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone and leads to secondary hyperparathyroidism. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 17 healthy individuals and 17 patients with resorptive hypercalciuria in the dialysis center of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Babol in 2018. If patients need and have two or more decayed teeth, they were referred to a specialized maxillofacial clinic by the dentist for free for panoramic imaging. MYMCI, LD, Bone change, Mandibular cortical resorption, and General cortical them indices were examined. The results showed a statistically significant difference between MI, the gonion region's cortical bone thickness, and the lower dental canal's root in the hyperparathyroidism and control groups (P < 0.05). On the other hand, in the hyperparathyroidism group and the control group, bone density changes and LD did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05). In this study, a decrease in the thickness of the cortical bone in the guinea pig, mental region, and lack of dental canal was seen in resorptive hypercalciuria compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, the dentist should be aware of these patients' radiographic symptoms to help diagnose general health and treat patients in any of the mentioned indices.
Gregarine parasites are adapted to mosquito winter diapause
Authors: Martin Edwige , Vallon Laurent , Carvalho Camille Da Silva , Girard Maxime , Minard Guillaume 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito is one of the most invasive species. The prevalence of its apicomplexan parasite Ascogregarina taiwanensis is high in natural population across both temperate and tropical regions. However, the parasite forms oocysts that cannot colonize their insect host during winter when the mosquito lay resistant diapausing eggs. It was therefore unclear if the parasite could survive outside of its insect host during the cold season in temperate regions. By measuring infectivity, we showed that oocysts stored one month at cold temperature (occurring during periods of mosquito diapause) were as infectious as fresh oocysts but those stored during the same time period at warmer temperatures (occurring during mosquito activity periods) were uninfectious. We therefore suggest that the parasite evolves traits that maximize their maintenance only during periods of mosquito dormancy while those traits are not selected during periods of activity.
Storage space reduction in Picture Archiving and Communication System using Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Varghese Bejoy , Krishnakumar S , John Jyothish K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a new architecture of Picture Archiving and Communication System based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Network and Fractal Image compression. The Conditional Generative Adversarial Network architecture is based on the Convolutional Neural Network which enables the system to capture the similarity measures without using any handcrafted functions. Performance of the proposed design is evaluated by comparing it with the commonly used compression techniques in Picture Archiving and Communication System such as JPEG, PNG and TIFF. The efficiency of the proposed architecture is tested by using a custom client program that sends the modality images to the Picture Archiving and Communication System server. The simulation runs on computers in multiple networks to gather the data similar to real time healthcare institutions. The results show that the storage space consumption of the proposed design is only 30% in comparison with Picture Archiving and Communication System, which uses the latest Machine learning and conventional non fractal compression methods. It is also observed that the Generative Adversarial Network based Fractal Image compression can drastically reduce the compression time compared to the conventional fractal and non-fractal compression methods. The empirical analysis shows that the proposed Generative Adversarial Network architecture can be a promising method to reduce the space complexity of the system such as Picture Archiving and Communication System.