bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technological Breakthroughs in Chip Fabrication, Transfer, and Color Conversion for High‐Performance Micro‐LED Displays
Authors: Ryu Jung‐El , Park Sohyeon , Park Yongjo , Ryu Sang‐Wan , Hwang Kyungwook , Jang Ho Won 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe implementation of high‐efficiency and high‐resolution displays has been the focus of considerable research interest. Recently, micro light‐emitting diodes (micro‐LEDs), which are inorganic light‐emitting diodes of size <100 µm2, have emerged as a promising display technology owing to their superior features and advantages over other displays like liquid crystal displays and organic light‐emitting diodes. Although many companies have introduced micro‐LED displays since 2012, obstacles to mass production still exist. Three major challenges, i.e., low quantum efficiency, time‐consuming transfer, and complex color conversion, have been overcome with technological breakthroughs to realize cost‐effective micro‐LED displays. In the review, methods for improving the degraded quantum efficiency of GaN‐based micro‐LEDs induced by the size effect are examined, including wet chemical treatment, passivation layer adoption, LED structure design, and growing LEDs in self‐passivated structures. Novel transfer technologies, including pick‐up transfer and self‐assembly methods, for developing large‐area micro‐LED displays with high yield and reliability are discussed in depth. Quantum dots as color conversion materials for high color purity, and deposition methods such as electrohydrodynamic jet printing or contact printing on micro‐LEDs are also addressed. This review presents current status and critical challenges of micro‐LED technology and promising technical breakthroughs for commercialization of high‐performance displays.
Recent Progress in Strain Engineering on Van der Waals 2D Materials: Tunable Electrical, Electrochemical, Magnetic, and Optical Properties
Authors: Qi Yaping , Sadi Mohammad A. , Hu Dan , Zheng Ming , Wu Zhenping , Jiang Yucheng , Chen Yong P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStrain engineering is a promising way to tune the electrical, electrochemical, magnetic, and optical properties of 2D materials, with the potential to achieve high‐performance 2D‐material‐based devices ultimately. This review discusses the experimental and theoretical results from recent advances in the strain engineering of 2D materials. Some novel methods to induce strain are summarized and then the tunable electrical and optical/optoelectronic properties of 2D materials via strain engineering are highlighted, including particularly the previously less‐discussed strain tuning of superconducting, magnetic, and electrochemical properties. Also, future perspectives of strain engineering are given for its potential applications in functional devices. The state of the survey presents the ever‐increasing advantages and popularity of strain engineering for tuning properties of 2D materials. Suggestions and insights for further research and applications in optical, electronic, and spintronic devices are provided.
A novel variant in GNPNAT1 gene causing a spondylo‐epi‐metaphyseal dysplasia resembling PGM3—Desbuquois like dysplasia
Authors: Elhossini Rasha Moheb , Ahmed Hoda Abdalla , Otaify Ghada , Ghorab Raghda M. , Amr Khalda , Aglan Mona 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSpondylo‐epi‐metaphyseal dysplasias (SEMDs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of skeletal dysplasias characterized by short stature and abnormal modeling of the spine and long bones. A novel form of rhizomelic skeletal dysplasia, Ain‐Naz type, associated with a homozygous variant in GNPNAT1 was recently identified. Herein, we report an Egyptian patient, offspring of consanguineous parents, who presented with a severe form of unclassified SEMD. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous variant in exon 3, c.77T>G, (p.Phe26Cys) in GNPNAT1, that was confirmed by Sanger sequencing and both parents were found to be heterozygous for the identified variant. Main features included severe short stature, rhizomelic limb shortening, and wide flared metaphysis. Short broad long bones, brachydactyly, delayed epiphyseal ossification of long bones, advanced bone age, and immunodeficiency were additional findings expanding the clinical phenotype described in the previously reported family. We conclude that variants in the GNPNAT1 gene cause an autosomal recessive form of SEMD resembling Desbuquois like dysplasia caused by PGM3, which is involved in the same pathway as GNPNAT1.
Ribbon‐Type Boron‐Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Conformations, Dynamic Complexation and Electronic Properties
Authors: Sun Wenting , Guo Jiaxiang , Fan Zengming , Yuan Liuzhong , Ye Kaiqi , Dou Chuandong , Wang Yue 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMolecular ribbons (MRs), one‐dimentional topological polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are of importance for synthetic chemistry and material sciences. Herein, we disclose an effective strategy to develop boron‐doped MRs, i.e. photochemical cyclization on conjugated organoboranes for rapid π‐extension. A series of ribbon‐type boron‐doped PAHs that own multiple cove edges were synthesized using Mallory photoreaction in solution. Two of them feature isomeric C68B2π‐skeletons with 2.2 nm in length, thus representing a new kind of boron‐doped MRs. The boron atoms endow them with sufficient Lewis acidity, and notably, the formed Lewis acid‐base adducts based on boron‐doped MRs display the photo‐induced dual‐dissociation behavior in the excited state and thus photochromism property. Moreover, despite of the highly contorted topological conformations, their potential utility as organic semiconductor was demonstrated by fabrication of organic field‐effect transistors.
Synthesis and properties of cycloaliphatic diepoxides containing fluorinated linker
Authors: Qin Yue , Chen Mengdi , Li Jinzhao , Wang Yuechuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCycloaliphatic diepoxides, CAEs, are well known for their better thermal, chemical and optical properties, compared with the glycidyl ether type epoxides. However, the shortages including low moisture resistance, and high reflective index or high dielectric constant limit their use for the emerging advanced optical and electronic applications, In this work, we have synthesized two new cycloaliphatic diepoxides containing different fluorinated linkers (2,2′‐((2,2,3,3‐tetrafluorobutane‐1,4‐diyl)bis(oxy))bis(7‐oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane) (TCE) and 2,2′‐((2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5‐octafluorohexane‐1,6‐diyl)bis(oxy))bis(7‐oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane) (OCE) and characterized their chemical structures using 1H NMR, 19F NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We have cured these two fluorine‐containing CAEs, using hexahydro‐4‐methylphthalic anhydride (HMPA) and compared them with a commercial CAE, 3,4‐epoxycyclohexylmethyl‐3,4‐epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (ERL‐4221) under the same condition. Compared to the cured ERL‐4221 (C‐ERL‐4221), the cured fluorinated CAEs (C‐OCE, C‐TCE) have much better water resistances (saturated water absorption after 6 days in water: 0.70%, 1.72%, and 2.83%, for C‐OCE, C‐TCE, and C‐ERL‐4221, respectively) and lower dielectric constant (Dk) (Dk: 2.54–2.44 and 2.78–2.66 vs. 4.01–4.00 @ 1 Hz‐5 MHz), and similar thermal stability (the statistical heat‐resistant index [Ts]: 169°C, 175°C vs. 175.5°C), although their glass transition temperature (Tg) and storage moduli are lower (Tg: 136°C, 171°C vs. 250°C; moduli: 0.56GPa, 1.25GPa vs. 1.38GPa). These results reveal that fluorine atoms on the linkers effectively reduce dielectric constant and improve hydrophobicity and wettability, providing new insights into the design of fluorine‐containing cycloaliphatic diepoxides.
Eco‐friendly superabsorbent hydrogels based on starch, gellan gum, citric acid, and nanoclays for soil humidity control
Authors: Sabadini Rodrigo C. , Fernandes Mariana , de Zea Bermudez Verónica , Pawlicka Agnieszka , Silva Maria M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe increase in agricultural product demand has entangled the modernization of agriculture. Advances in research have improved production systems, machinery, fertilizers, and pesticides, among others, which are usually applied in an unsustainable way. In this context, hydrogels are attractive materials. Generally, they can be defined as three‐dimensional structures formed from crosslinked hydrophilic polymers with high water absorption capacity. The crosslinks of polymeric chains maintain their structure, letting them absorb large amounts of water without dissolving. This work presents new eco‐friendly superabsorbent hydrogels composed of starch and gellan gum crosslinked with citric acid (CA) and incorporating bentonite (BET) and halloysite (HAL) nanoclays. The addition of nanoclays aimed at developing better soil conditioners, while controlling water management for crop production. Hydrogels with compositions ranging from 100%, 75%, 25%, and 0% of gellan gum to starch, all crosslinked with 10%, 5%, and 2% (w/w) of CA. The samples were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The water swelling properties were studied.
Constructing reduced graphene oxide and polypyrrole coatings on glass fiber to enhance its absorbing performance
Authors: Liu Ling , Liu Xin , Li Zhaojun , Tian Rui , Wang Hongyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this work, a new route for improving the absorbing performance of glass fibers (GFs) composites by introducing the reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/polypyrrole (PPy)/RGO coatings through the self‐assembly method and then the in‐situ polymerization method was proposed. The corresponding microstructure and electromagnetic parameters were measured by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and vector network analyzer. The result indicated that the RGO/PPy/RGO coatings can adjust the absorbing performance of GFs composites by its synergistic effect, thus exhibiting optimum impedance matching degree and high conduction loss ability. The minimum reflection loss value of the synthesized RGO/PPy/RGO/GFs composite can reach −55.8 dB with the thickness of 4.3 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidths (≤−10 dB) covered the entire X‐band. This work proved that the RGO/PPy/RGO coatings can be used to adjust the radar absorbing performance of GFs composites.
Residence, activity patterns and behaviour of the giant mottled eel Anguilla marmorata in two freshwater protected areas in the Philippines
Authors: Piper Adam , Belen Alejandro , Villanueva Bryan , Gollock Matthew 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Despite the giant mottled eel Anguilla marmorata being a widely distributed and locally exploited species throughout the Indo Pacific region, understanding of its life history, behaviour and movement ecology remains limited.
Knowledge of animal spatial ecology is essential for the effective design and siting of aquatic protected areas. In the current study, acoustic telemetry was used to quantify residence and explore the activity patterns and behaviour of A. marmorata (n = 68) in two freshwater protected areas (FPAs) for the first time in the Cagayan River Basin, Philippines.
The results demonstrated that FPAs of only 1 km length provided refuge for A. marmorata for an average of 25–26% of the tracked period. Residence and activity patterns varied with habitat type. In pool and riffle habitat, activity reduced with increased river flow, and eel, particularly larger individuals, were more strongly nocturnal than those in the deep pooled, slow flowing habitat. Typhoon events displaced many individuals, particularly in the pool and riffle habitat, with only 3% returning to the FPA within the study.
Findings are discussed within the context of selecting FPA sites to optimize eel protection within catchments experiencing high non‐selective fisheries exploitation and other threats.
A Bayesian data modelling framework for chemical processes using adaptive sequential design with Gaussian process regression
Authors: Fleming Liam , Emerson Joseph , Stitt Hugh , Zhang Jie , Coleman Shirley 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccurate simulators are relied upon in the process industry for plant design and operation. Typical simulators, based on mechanistic models, require considerable resources: skilled engineers, computational time, and proprietary data. This article explores the complexities of developing a statistical modelling framework for chemical processes, focusing on inherent non‐linearity in phenomena and the difficulty of obtaining data. A Bayesian approach to modelling is forwarded in this article, utilising Bayesian sequential design to maximise information gain for each experiment. Gaussian process regression is used to provide a highly flexible model class to capture non‐linearities in the process data. A non‐linear process simulator, modelled in Aspen Plus is used as a surrogate for a real chemical process, to test the capabilities of the framework.
Factors associated with Medicaid participation among infants born with birth defects in Texas, 2010–2014
Authors: Swanson Justin , Shumate Charlie , Agopian A. J. , Mitchell Laura E. , Canfield Mark A. , Salemi Jason L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundBirth defects are major contributors to healthcare resource use, disability, and mortality, particularly during the perinatal period. As the nation's public insurance program for low‐income individuals, Medicaid funds a large proportion of healthcare costs associated with birth defects. Here, we explore birth defect‐related factors associated with Medicaid participation in the first year of life.MethodsInfants born with birth defects between 2010 and 2014 were linked from the Texas Birth Defects Registry to the state's Medicaid claims database. Variation in Medicaid participation was examined by individual birth defect and by birth defect characteristics. The associations between covariates and Medicaid participation are described using percentages and adjusted prevalence ratios (APR).ResultsOf the 107,968 infants included in this study, 55,172 (51.1%) participated in Medicaid. Medicaid participation ranged from 12.1% for anencephaly to 77.8% for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. An indicator of defect severity was associated with an increased likelihood of participation (APR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.20–1.23). Medicaid participation was 60.8% for individuals with multiple major defects, compared with 45.4% for those without (APR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.22–1.25). Among individual birth defects, Medicaid participation was almost universally higher for those co‐occurring with other major defects.ConclusionsWe detected large variations in Medicaid participation by individual birth defect. Infants participating in Medicaid tended to have more severe defects and were more likely to have multiple major defects. Medicaid claims databases can serve as valuable sources of data for surveillance efforts and observational studies, but care should be taken when generalizing findings.
Using behavioral instruction to teach American Psychological Association citation formatting
Authors: Parry‐Cruwys Diana E. , Guinness Kendra E. , Atkinson Ryan S. , Domozick Kaitlin , Escobar Alexander , MacDonald Jacquelyn M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study used an online behavioral instruction program to teach accurate American Psychological Association (APA) citation formatting to nine graduate students. The participants completed two self‐paced, online training modules targeting the correct formation of full reference and in‐text citations, which consisted of the three elements of behavioral instruction: multiple practice opportunities, mastery criteria, and automatic feedback provided contingent on response. Training occurred using a concurrent multiple baseline design across skills (for seven participants) or nonconcurrently across participants (for two participants). Most participants did not correctly use APA citation formatting when probed in the baseline condition. Following training, participants increased their accuracy in APA citations across trained and novel exemplars. Two participants’ data showed limited functional control due to increases in baseline. One participant required an additional visual checklist to reach the mastery criterion for one skill. Social validity was also assessed with overall confidence in using APA citation formatting increasing following completion of the modules. Participants reported overall satisfaction with the online modules stating that they were helpful in teaching correct citation implementation and were easy to use. Limitations to the current study and future uses of behavioral instruction as a technology are discussed.
A phase II trial of regorafenib in patients with advanced Ewing sarcoma and related tumors of soft tissue and bone: SARC024 trial results
Authors: Attia Steven , Bolejack Vanessa , Ganjoo Kristen N. , George Suzanne , Agulnik Mark , Rushing Daniel , Loggers Elizabeth T. , Livingston Michael B. , Wright Jennifer , Chawla Sant P. , Okuno Scott H. , Reinke Denise K. , Riedel Richard F. , Davis Lara E. , Ryan Christopher W. , Maki Robert G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundRegorafenib is one of several FDA‐approved cancer therapies targeting multiple tyrosine kinases. However, there are few subtype‐specific data regarding kinase inhibitor activity in sarcomas. We report results of a single arm, phase II trial of regorafenib in advanced Ewing family sarcomas.MethodsPatients with metastatic Ewing family sarcomas (age ≥ 18, ECOG 0–2, good organ function) who had received at least one line of therapy and experienced progression within 6 months of registration were eligible. Prior kinase inhibitors were not allowed. The initial dose of regorafenib was 160 mg oral days 1–21 of a 28‐day cycle. The primary endpoint was estimating progression‐free rate (PFR) at 8 weeks employing RECIST 1.1.ResultsThirty patients (median age, 32 years; 33% women [10 patients]; bone primary, 40%; extraskeletal primary, 60%) enrolled at 14 sites. The most common grade 3 or higher toxicities were hypophosphatemia (5 grade 3, 1 grade 4), hypertension (2 grade 3), elevated ALT (2 grade 3). Sixteen patients required dose reductions, most often for hypophosphatemia (n = 7 reductions in 6 patients); two stopped regorafenib for toxicity. There was one death unrelated to treatment in the 30‐day post‐study period. Median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 14.8 weeks (95% CI 7.3–15.9); PFR at 8 weeks by Kaplan–Meier analysis was 63% (95% CI 46–81%). The RECIST 1.1 response rate was 10%. Median OS was 53 weeks (95% CI 37–106 weeks).ConclusionsRegorafenib has modest activity in the Ewing family sarcomas. Toxicity was similar to that seen in approval studies.
Initial Recognition and Attachment of the Zika Virus to Host Cells: A Molecular Dynamics and Quantum Interaction Approach
Authors: Gómez Santiago A. , Rojas‐Valencia Natalia , Gómez Sara , Lans Isaias , Restrepo Albeiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe zika virus (ZIKV), transmitted to humans from the bites ofAedes AegyptiandAedes Albopictusmosquitoes produces Zika fever and neurodegenerative disorders that despite affecting millions of people, most recently in Africa and the Americas, has been declared a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization. In this work, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations followed by rigorous analysis of the intermolecular interactions reveal crucial aspects of the initial virus⋯cell molecular recognition and attachment, events that trigger the infectious cycle. Previous experimental studies have shown that Dermatan Sulfate (DS) and Chondroitin Sulfate A (CSA), two glycosaminoglycans which are actually epimers to each other and that are structural constituents of receptors expressed in cell membranes, are the preferred anchorage sites, with a marked preference for DS. Our calculations rationalize this preference from a molecular perspective as follows: when free of the virus, DS has one sulfate group that does not participate in intramolecular strong hydrogen bonds, thus, it is readily available to interact with the envelope protein of the virus (Zika−E), then, after formation of the complexes, Zika−E⋯DS exhibits ten strong salt brides connecting the two fragments against only six salt bridges and two hydrogen bonds in Zika−E⋯CSA. Our results complement the current view of the interaction between the virus and the receptor glycosoaminoglycans revealing that the negatively charged carboxylate groups in CSA and DS are just as important as the sulfates because of the formation of equally strong salt bridges with the positively charged Arginine and Lysine aminoacids in the envelope protein of the virus.
Corn yield response to starter nitrogen rates following a cereal rye cover crop
Authors: Preza‐Fontes Giovani , Miller Houston , Camberato James , Roth Richard , Armstrong Shalamar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCereal rye (Secale cereale L.; CR) is promoted as a cover crop as a practice for reducing nitrate leaching losses in the U.S. Midwest. However, early‐season nitrogen immobilization during CR decomposition may contribute to yield reductions in corn (Zea mays L.). Field trials were conducted at three sites to determine if N as a starter fertilizer could increase the plant N uptake and grain yield of corn following CR. Treatments were a two‐way factorial with two cover crop treatments (CR and no CR) and four fertilizer treatments: subsurface banded (2 by 2 inches) at planting as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) at 0, 25, 50, and 75 lb acre–1. Treatments received the same total N within sites, with the remainder injected between rows at side‐dressing as UAN. Nitrogen uptake and yield were unaffected by the starter N × CR interaction in all sites. At one of the sites, CR significantly reduced N uptake and corn yield at the R6 stage by 16 and 4.5% relative to no CR, respectively. Corn yield was unaffected by starter N at two sites, whereas applying 50 or 75 N lb acre–1 increased yields compared with 0 and 25 N lb acre–1 at the third site. These findings suggest that starter N could increase early‐season N uptake but had an inconsistent impact on corn yields. Therefore, further investigations under different soil N conditions are needed to provide insights into how starter N rates can be adjusted to optimize corn yields within a CR system.
Reaction of Pertechnetate in Highly Alkaline Solution: Synthesis and Characterization of the Nitridotrioxotechnetate Ba[TcO3N]
Authors: Badea D. , Dardenne K. , Polly R. , Rothe J. , Hanrath M. , Reimer M. , Meerholz K. , Neudörfl J.‐M. , Strub E. , Bruns J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe preparation of novel technetium oxides, their characterization and the general investigation of technetium chemistry are of significant importance, since fundamental research has so far mainly focused on the group homologues. Whereas the structure chemistry of technetium in strongly oxidizing media is dominated by the
anion, our recent investigation yielded the new
anion. Brown single crystals of Ba[TcO3N] were obtained under hydrothermal conditions starting from Ba(OH)2 ⋅ 8H2O and NH4[TcO4] at 200 °C.
crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with the space group P21/n (a=7.2159(4) Å, b=7.8536(5) Å, c=7.4931(4) Å and β=104.279(2)°). The crystal structure of
consists of isolated
tetrahedra, which are surrounded by Ba2+ cations. XANES measurements complement the oxidation state +VII for technetium and Raman spectroscopic experiments on Ba[TcO3N] single crystals exhibit characteristic Tc−O and Tc−N vibrational modes.