bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial health quality control: measurements and interpretation in the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine
Authors: Koklesova Lenka , Mazurakova Alena , Samec Marek , Kudela Erik , Biringer Kamil , Kubatka Peter , Golubnitschaja Olga 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMitochondria are the “gatekeeper” in a wide range of cellular functions, signaling events, cell homeostasis, proliferation, and apoptosis. Consequently, mitochondrial injury is linked to systemic effects compromising multi-organ functionality. Although mitochondrial stress is common for many pathomechanisms, individual outcomes differ significantly comprising a spectrum of associated pathologies and their severity grade. Consequently, a highly ambitious task in the paradigm shift from reactive to predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) is to distinguish between individual disease predisposition and progression under circumstances, resulting in compromised mitochondrial health followed by mitigating measures tailored to the individualized patient profile. For the successful implementation of PPPM concepts, robust parameters are essential to quantify mitochondrial health sustainability. The current article analyses added value of Mitochondrial Health Index (MHI) and Bioenergetic Health Index (BHI) as potential systems to quantify mitochondrial health relevant for the disease development and its severity grade. Based on the pathomechanisms related to the compromised mitochondrial health and in the context of primary, secondary, and tertiary care, a broad spectrum of conditions can significantly benefit from robust quantification systems using MHI/BHI as a prototype to be further improved. Following health conditions can benefit from that: planned pregnancies (improved outcomes for mother and offspring health), suboptimal health conditions with reversible health damage, suboptimal life-style patterns and metabolic syndrome(s) predisposition, multi-factorial stress conditions, genotoxic environment, ischemic stroke of unclear aetiology, phenotypic predisposition to aggressive cancer subtypes, pathologies associated with premature aging and neuro/degeneration, acute infectious diseases such as COVID-19 pandemics, among others.
Patterned glass ceramic design for high-brightness high-color-quality laser-driven lightings
Authors: Huang Qiugui , Lin Hang , Wang Bo , Lin Shisheng , Wang Pengfei , Sui Ping , Xu Ju , Cheng Yao , Wang Yuansheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUp-to-date laser-driven lightings confront a challenge of simultaneously achieving good photometric and chromatic performances. Herein, the coupling of “patterned package design” and “phosphor wheel” was proposed and demonstrated effectively to deal with this tough issue, based on a new architecture of CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ (CASN:Eu) glass ceramic film (GCF) on Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG:Ce) GC plate. The fabricated composite has no interface between the two functional layers and retains the admirable luminescent features from CASN:Eu and YAG:Ce for the microstructural integrity during co-sintering. The studies on laser-microcrystalline interactions reveal that the luminescence saturation is almost determined by thermal quenching for YAG:Ce, but is ascribed to thermal/intensity quenching which are equally crucial for CASN:Eu. Benefiting from the elaborate architecture design, good color chromaticity tunability was obtained, and severe photon reabsorption was reduced. Moreover, accompanied with the rotation induced increase of thermal convection to air and pulse-like excitation, the constructed lighting engine under blue laser driven shows bright white light with luminous flux (LF) higher than 1000 lm, adjustable chromaticity from cool to warm, and improved color rendering index (CRI) approaching to 70.
External validation of a deep-learning model to predict severe acute kidney injury based on urine output changes in critically ill patients
Authors: Alfieri Francesca , Ancona Andrea , Tripepi Giovanni , Randazzo Vincenzo , Paviglianiti Annunziata , Pasero Eros , Vecchi Luigi , Politi Cristina , Cauda Valentina , Fagugli Riccardo Maria 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to externally validate algorithms (previously developed and trained in two United States populations) aimed at early detection of severe oliguric AKI (stage 2/3 KDIGO) in intensive care units patients.

Methods
The independent cohort was composed of 10'596 patients from the university hospital ICU of Amsterdam (the “AmsterdamUMC database”) admitted to their intensive care units. In this cohort, we analysed the accuracy of algorithms based on logistic regression and deep learning methods. The accuracy of investigated algorithms had previously been tested with electronic intensive care unit (eICU) and MIMIC-III patients.

Results
The deep learning model had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0,907 (± 0,007SE) with a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 89%, respectively, for identifying oliguric AKI episodes. Logistic regression models had an AUC of 0,877 (± 0,005SE) with a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 81%, respectively. These results were comparable to those obtained in the two US populations upon which the algorithms were previously developed and trained.

Conclusion
External validation on the European sample confirmed the accuracy of the algorithms, previously investigated in the US population. The models show high accuracy in both the European and the American databases even though the two cohorts differ in a range of demographic and clinical characteristics, further underlining the validity and the generalizability of the two analytical approaches.

Graphical abstract
Is There a Kuznets Curve for CO2-Emissions?
Authors: Hannesson Rögnvaldur 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe history of the environmental Kuznets curve is traced. We estimate how the CO2-intensity of economies is related to GDP per capita and examine the implications for the Kuznets curve. We find mixed evidence for the existence of this curve. In many poor and medium rich countries the CO2-intensity has increased since 1990, while in rich countries it has fallen. In some of those it has fallen at an increasing rate, but in others at a declining rate. If the CO2-intensity converges to a lower limit as countries grow richer the Kuznets curve would not exist.
Change in Global Environmental Politics
Authors: Manulak Michael W. 
Published: May 2022

As wildfires rage, pollution thickens, and species disappear, the world confronts environmental crisis with a set of global institutions in urgent need of reform. Yet, these institutions have proved frustratingly resistant to change. Introducing the concept of Temporal Focal Points, Manulak shows how change occurs in world politics. By re-envisioning the role of timing and temporality in social relations, his analysis presents a new approach to understanding transformative phases in international cooperation. We may now be entering such a phase, he argues, and global actors must be ready to realize the opportunities presented. Charting the often colorful and intensely political history of change in global environmental politics, this book sheds new light on the actors and institutions that shape humanity's response to planetary decline. It will be of interest to scholars and advanced students of international relations, international organization and environmental politics and history.
Global Strichartz estimates for the Dirac equation on symmetric spaces
Authors: Ben-Artzi Jonathan , Cacciafesta Federico , de Suzzoni Anne-Sophie , Zhang Junyong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we study global-in-time, weighted Strichartz estimates for the Dirac equation on warped product spaces in dimension

$n\geq 3$

. In particular, we prove estimates for the dynamics restricted to eigenspaces of the Dirac operator on the compact spin manifolds defining the ambient manifold under some explicit sufficient condition on the metric and estimates with loss of angular derivatives for general initial data in the setting of spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat manifolds.
Bounds for spectral projectors on tori
Authors: Germain Pierre , Rydin Myerson Simon L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe investigate norms of spectral projectors on thin spherical shells for the Laplacian on tori. This is closely related to the boundedness of resolvents of the Laplacian and the boundedness of$L^{p}$norms of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian. We formulate a conjecture and partially prove it.
‘Congruent We Govern’: Cost of Governance in Multiparty Presidentialism
Authors: Pereira Carlos , Bertholini Frederico , Melo Marcus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe received wisdom on executive–legislative relations in multiparty presidential systems is that the size of the president's majority in Congress is the key factor explaining governance patterns, particularly the president's legislative success. However, in many cases presidents enjoying a nominal majority have been unable to pass legislation and have faced institutional instability. The article departs from a conventional definition of divided government and focuses on the preference incongruence between the governing coalition and the floor of Congress. It argues that the ideological distance between the floor and the coalition is a key factor explaining the president's cost of governing (which includes factors such as the distribution of cabinet portfolios and budgetary transfers to coalition partners). The article provides an empirical test with data from Brazil that find that the greater the ideological incongruence, the higher the cost of governing for the president.
A Pregnant Pause: Pregnancy, Miscarriage, and Suspended Time
Authors: Browne Victoria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article takes the rupturing of normative, linear, reproductive time that occurs in the event of miscarriage as a potentially generative philosophical moment—a catalyst to rethink pregnancy aside from the expectation of child-production. Pregnant time is usually imagined as a linear passage toward birth. Accordingly, the one who “miscarries” appears as suspended within an arrested journey that never arrived at its destination, or indeed, as ejected from pregnant time altogether. But here I propose to rethink both pregnancy and miscarriage through the lens of “suspended time”—a theoretical move that shifts the accent from the future as the dominating frame of reference to the lived present. Drawing on work by Kathryn Bond Stockton, Lauren Berlant, Lisa Baraitser, and others, the article explores overlooked temporalities of pregnancy and miscarriage that operate not in the mode of futural projection or futural loss, but rather through present-oriented forms of adjustment and sensing, attachment and intimacy, maintenance and care. By “suspending the future,” then, we can resist the oppositional framing of pregnancy and miscarriage, because if pregnant time is not represented in exclusively future-oriented terms as being-toward-birth, then miscarriage need not be understood as pregnancy'sundoing.
A new species of Dermadena (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) from the stone triggerfish Pseudobalistes naufragium (Tetraodontiformes: Balistidae) in the South American Pacific Ocean
Authors: Simões R.O. , Chero J.D. , Cruces C.L. , Sáez G.M. , Maldonado A. , Luque J.L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present paper describes a new species of Dermadena (Digenea) parasitizing Pseudobalistes naufragium in Puerto Pizarro, northern Peru, using light and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Additionally, molecular analysis was also performed to determine the phylogenetic affinities of Dermadena within the Lepocreadiidae. The new species is differentiated from Dermadena spatiosa, Dermadena stirlingi and Dermadena lactophrysi by presenting a curved and well-developed external seminal vesicle. Also, SEM revealed numerous dome-shaped tegument protuberances forming glandular papillae with transversal wrinkles arranged roughly in concentric rows around the acetabular region, varying in size from large at the middle of the body to small at the margin. In the molecular phylogeny, the new species formed a well-supported clade with sequences of species from the Lepocreadiidae, confirming that it belongs to this family.
Random symmetric matrices: rank distribution and irreducibility of the characteristic polynomial
Authors: FERBER ASAF , JAIN VISHESH , SAH ASHWIN , SAWHNEY MEHTAAB 
Published: May 2022

AbstractConditional on the extended Riemann hypothesis, we show that with high probability, the characteristic polynomial of a random symmetric
$\{\pm 1\}$
-matrix is irreducible. This addresses a question raised by Eberhard in recent work. The main innovation in our work is establishing sharp estimates regarding the rank distribution of symmetric random
$\{\pm 1\}$
-matrices over
$\mathbb{F}_p$
for primes
$2 < p \leq \exp(O(n^{1/4}))$
. Previously, such estimates were available only for
$p = o(n^{1/8})$
. At the heart of our proof is a way to combine multiple inverse Littlewood–Offord-type results to control the contribution to singularity-type events of vectors in
$\mathbb{F}_p^{n}$
with anticoncentration at least
$1/p + \Omega(1/p^2)$
. Previously, inverse Littlewood–Offord-type results only allowed control over vectors with anticoncentration at least
$C/p$
for some large constant
$C > 1$
.
Hunting sustainability within two eastern Amazon Extractive Reserves
Authors: de Paula Milton José , Carvalho Elildo AR , Lopes Cintia Karoline Manos , Sousa Reysane de Alencar , Maciel Emerson Luiz Pereira , Wariss Manoela , Barboza Rafael Sá Leitão , Braga Francisco Chen de Araújo , Félix-Silva Daniely , Peres Carlos A , Pezzuti Juarez CB 
Published: May 2022

SummarySubsistence hunting provides an important food source for rural populations in tropical forests but can lead to wildlife depletion. Management of wildlife resources depends on assessments of hunting sustainability. We assessed the sustainability of subsistence hunting in two Amazonian Extractive Reserves. We examined hunting data from a community-based monitoring programme conducted in 30 communities during 63 consecutive months to address temporal trends in hunting yields in terms of catch per unit of effort of all game species and the six most hunted species. We also assessed the prey profiles across different communities. Game species composition did not differ between monitored communities, and the most hunted species were Tayassu pecari, large cracids, Cuniculus paca, Mazama spp., Tapirus terrestris and Pecari tajacu. Catch per unit of effort was stable for all game species and each of the most hunted species, indicating that hunting was generally sustainable. These findings reflect the exceptionally low human population density and continuous forest cover of the study landscape, and long-term hunting sustainability and local protein acquisition will depend on maintaining these social and environmental settings. The results also show that large Sustainable Use Protected Areas can help foster sustainable game management and should thus be included in public policies.
Workplace exposures associated with COVID-19: evidence from a case-control study with multiple sampling periods in England, August–October 2020
Authors: Hiironen Iina , Saavedra-Campos María , Panitz Jennifer , Ma Thomas , Nsonwu Olisaeloka , Charlett Andre , Hughes Gareth J. , Oliver Isabel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We investigated risk factors associated with COVID-19 by conducting a retrospective, frequency-matched case-control study, with three sampling periods (August–October 2020). We compared cases completing routine contact tracing to asymptomatic population controls. Multivariable analyses estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for non-household community settings. Meta-analyses using random effects provided pooled odds ratios (pORs). Working in healthcare (pOR 2.87; aORs 2.72, 2.81, 3.08, for study periods 1–3 respectively), social care (pOR 4.15; aORs 2.46, 5.06, 5.41, for study periods 1–3 respectively) or hospitality (pOR 2.36; aORs 2.01, 2.54, 2.63, for study periods 1–3 respectively) were associated with increased odds of being a COVID-19 case. Additionally, working in bars, pubs and restaurants, warehouse settings, construction, educational settings were significantly associated. While definitively determining where transmission occurs is impossible, we provide evidence that in certain sectors, the impact of mitigation measures may only be partial and reinforcement of measures should be considered in these settings.
Behavioral, cognitive, and socioemotional pathways from early childhood adversity to BMI: Evidence from two prospective, longitudinal studies
Authors: Doom Jenalee R. , Young Ethan S. , Farrell Allison K. , Roisman Glenn I. , Simpson Jeffry A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChildhood adversity is associated with higher adult weight, but few investigations prospectively test mechanisms accounting for this association. Using two socioeconomically high-risk prospective longitudinal investigations, the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation (MLSRA; N = 267; 45.3% female) and the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS; n = 2,587; 48.5% female), pathways between childhood adversity and later body mass index (BMI) were tested using impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and overeating as mediators. Childhood adversity from 0 to 5 years included four types of adversities: greater unpredictability, threat/abuse, deprivation/neglect, and low socioeconomic status. Parents reported on child impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and overeating. Height and weight were self-reported and measured at 32 and 37 years in MLSRA and at 15 years in FFCWS. FFCWS results indicated that threat, deprivation, and low socioeconomic status predicted greater impulsivity and emotion dysregulation at 5 years, which in turn predicted greater overeating at 9 years and higher BMI z-score at 15 years. Early unpredictability in FFCWS predicted higher BMI through greater impulsivity but not emotion dysregulation at age 5. MLSRA regression results replicated the threat/abuse → emotion dysregulation → overeating → higher BMI pathway. These findings suggest that different dimensions of early adversity may follow both similar and unique pathways to predict BMI.
Hom weak ω-categories of a weak ω-category
Authors: Cottrell Thomas , Fujii Soichiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractClassical definitions of weak higher-dimensional categories are given inductively, for example, a bicategory has a set of objects and hom categories, and a tricategory has a set of objects and hom bicategories. However, more recent definitions of weak n-categories for all natural numbers n, or of weak
$\omega$
-categories, take more sophisticated approaches, and the nature of the ‘hom is often not immediate from the definitions’. In this paper, we focus on Leinster’s definition of weak
$\omega$
-category based on an earlier definition by Batanin and construct, for each weak
$\omega$
-category
$\mathcal{A}$
, an underlying (weak
$\omega$
-category)-enriched graph consisting of the same objects and for each pair of objects x and y, a hom weak
$\omega$
-category
$\mathcal{A}(x,y)$
. We also show that our construction is functorial with respect to weak
$\omega$
-functors introduced by Garner.
Pupillary response in reward processing in adults with major depressive disorder in remission
Authors: Guath Mona , Willfors Charlotte , Björlin Avdic Hanna , Nordgren Ann , Kleberg Johan Lundin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with impaired reward processing and reward learning. The literature is inconclusive regarding whether these impairments persist after remission. The current study examined reward processing during a probabilistic learning task in individuals in remission from MDD (n = 19) and never depressed healthy controls (n = 31) matched for age and sex. The outcome measures were pupil dilation (an indirect index of noradrenergic activity and arousal) and computational modeling parameters.Method:Participants completed two versions (facial/nonfacial feedback) of probabilistic reward learning task with changing contingencies. Pupil dilation was measured with a corneal reflection eye tracker. The hypotheses and analysis plan were preregistered.Result:Healthy controls had larger pupil dilation following losses than gains (p <.001), whereas no significant difference between outcomes was found in individuals with a history of MDD, resulting in an interaction between group and outcome (β = 0.81, SE = 0.34, t = 2.37, p = .018). The rMDD group also achieved lower mean score at the last trial (t[46.77] = 2.12, p = .040) as well as a smaller proportion of correct choices (t[46.70] = 2.09, p = .041) compared with healthy controls.Conclusion:Impaired reward processing may persist after remission from MDD and could constitute a latent risk factor for relapse. Measuring pupil dilation in a reward learning task is a promising method for identifying reward processing abnormalities linked to MDD. The task is simple and noninvasive, which makes it feasible for clinical research.
Differences in Collagen Fiber Diameter and Waviness between Healthy and Aneurysmal Abdominal Aortas
Authors: Niestrawska Justyna A , Pukaluk Anna , Babu Anju R , Holzapfel Gerhard A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Collagen plays a key role in the strength of aortic walls, so studying micro-structural changes during disease development is critical to better understand collagen reorganization. Second-harmonic generation microscopy is used to obtain images of human aortic collagen in both healthy and diseased states. Methods are being developed in order to efficiently determine the waviness, that is, tortuosity and amplitude, as well as the diameter, orientation, and dispersion of collagen fibers, and bundles in healthy and aneurysmal tissues. The results show layer-specific differences in the collagen of healthy tissues, which decrease in samples of aneurysmal aortic walls. In healthy tissues, the thick collagen bundles of the adventitia are characterized by greater waviness, both in the tortuosity and in the amplitude, compared to the relatively thin and straighter collagen fibers of the media. In contrast, most aneurysmal tissues tend to have a more uniform structure of the aortic wall with no significant difference in collagen diameter between the luminal and abluminal layers. An increase in collagen tortuosity compared to the healthy media is also observed in the aneurysmal luminal layer. The data set provided can help improve related material and multiscale models of aortic walls and aneurysm formation.
Characterization of novel low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes from the diploid wild wheat relative Aegilops umbellulata
Authors: Wang Wenyang , Ji Wenjun , Feng Lihua , Ning Shunzong , Yuan Zhongwei , Hao Ming , Zhang Lianquan , Yan Zehong , Wu Bihua , Liu Dengcai , Huang Lin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLow molecular weight glutenin subunits (LWM-GSs) play a crucial role in determining wheat flour processing quality. In this work, 35 novel LMW-GS genes (32 active and three pseudogenes) from three Aegilops umbellulata (2n = 2x = 14, UU) accessions were amplified by allelic-specific PCR. We found that all LMW-GS genes had the same primary structure shared by other known LMW-GSs. Thirty-two active genes encode 31 typical LMW-m-type subunits. The MZ424050 possessed nine cysteine residues with an extra cysteine residue located in the last amino acid residue of the conserved C-terminal III, which could benefit the formation of larger glutenin polymers, and therefore may have positive effects on dough properties. We have found extensive variations which were mainly resulted from single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions and deletions (InDels) among the LMW-GS genes in Ae. umbellulata. Our results demonstrated that Ae. umbellulata is an important source of LMW-GS variants and the potential value of the novel LMW-GS alleles for wheat quality improvement.