bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Spanish Protected Areas: the Case of Picos de Europa National Park
Authors: Molteni Carla Maria 
Published: September 2022

Protected areas are complex social-ecological systems; thus, they were unavoidably impacted by COVID-19. Spain is one of the most diverse countries in terms of biodiversity in the European Union and the second most visited country in 2019 and third touristic destination worldwide. Understanding the effects of the pandemic in Spanish protected areas is very important to discuss new possibilities on how to drive sustainable development on these conserved spaces and how to manage them in the event of external shocks and uncertain scenarios. Therefore, the aim of this study is to have a better understanding of the effects and opportunities of the pandemic on Spanish protected areas. To address this concern, a qualitative analysis is conducted based on an assessment of secondary literature and relevant interviews. Picos de Europa national park was chosen as case study because of its unique features. This study shows the drawbacks of the pandemic in Picos de Europa in terms of management operations, drastic fluctuation of visitors, loss of tourism revenues, vulnerability of neighboring communities, missed opportunities in conservation and education and pressure on nature. On the other hand, it poses opportunities in terms of technology, innovation, fundings, lessons learned, rise in educational and conservation activities and more awareness on the environment and rural surroundings. This study suggests that is difficult to find a win-win solution that includes the targets of nature conservation, viability of local economies and tourism activities in Picos de Europa. Ideas for management options that focus on dealing with the negative outcomes of the pandemic are suggested.
Implementasi Pencegahan Scabies di Pondok Pesantren melalui Program ABC (sAntri Bebas sCabies)
Authors: Kurniasari Lia , Suprayitno Suprayitno , Zein Shafa Annisa , Misvialita Desca Gema , Firdani Indri Puspita Sari , Sari Nurul Novita , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Widianingsih Sri , Riswana Yudi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Scabies is a disease caused by Sarcoptes scabies. This disease can occur in men and women in dense areas and poor sanitation. The main causes that cause the emergence of these mites are the influence of environmental factors that are densely population and cleanliness is not maintained. One example of a densely population environment is boarding schools and dormitories because of the habit of living together so that if one has been infected, the other will easily be infected. Empowerment Programs ABC (students free from scabies disease) is one form of community empowerment that aims to reduce the number of scabies and improve the health of Islamic boarding school students. The method used is to provide health education about scabies and personal hygiene, the environment and cadre training to carry out health monitoring programs in the boarding school environment with a total of forty four students. And as a result of this activity there was an increase in knowledge of 3.28%.
Keywords: Scabies, Santri, Islamic boarding school

Abstrak. Scabies adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh tungau Sarcoptes scabies. Penyakit ini dapat terjadi pada laki-laki dan perempuan pada daerah yang padat dan sanitasi yang buruk. Penyebab utama yang menyebabkan munculnya tungau tersebut adalah pengaruh dari faktor lingkungan yang padat penduduk dan kebersihannya tidak terjaga. Salah satu contoh lingkungan padat penduduk adalah pondok pesantren dan asrama dikarenakan kebiasaan hidup bersama sehingga apabila salah satu sudah terjangkit, maka yang lain akan dengan mudah tertular. Program pemberdayaan ABC (sAntri Bebas sCabies) merupakan salah satu bentuk pemberdayaan masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi angka penyakit scabies dan meningkatkan kesehatan santriwan/santriwati Pondok Pesantren. Metode yang digunakan ialah dengan memberikan pendidikan kesehatan mengenai scabies dan kebersihan diri, lingkungan serta pelatihan kader untuk melaksanakan program pemantauan kesehatan di lingkungan pondok pesantren dengan jumlah 44 santriwan/santriwati. Dan hasil dari kegiatan ini terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 3.28%.
Kata Kunci: Scabies, Santri, Pondok pesantren
Implementasi Health Promoting School dalam Upaya Pencegahan Covid-19 di Sekolah Dasar Kelurahan Kenjeran Kota Surabaya
Authors: Rachmayanti Riris Diana , Catur Annis , Syahrul Fariani 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The Covid-19 pandemic still hasn't subsided. On October 22, 2020 in Surabaya, there were 15,530 confirmed cases, 161 confirmed cases of treatment, 14,226 confirmed cases of recovery, and 1,143 confirmed deaths. In Surabaya, Covid-19 cases spread evenly in all sub-districts. The purpose of this activity was increased the knowledge of elementary school students about the prevention of Covid-19. In this activity, one group pre-test and post-test was used. The sample was 4th grade and 5th grade elementary school students in total 109 children in Kenjeran District, Surabaya City. Interventions were pocket books and videos. The result of this activity was increased students' knowledge before and after the intervention. After knowledge intervention in the less than 13.6% category, it fell to 1.5%. Knowledge in the good category increased from 7.3% to 15.5% and knowledge in the very good category increased from 73.6% to 76.4%. The conclusion of this activity was that the media used in the health promotion school is very effective in increasing students' knowledge as evidenced by the knowledge increasement that occured before and after the intervention, the average knowledge increasement was 10% in each category.
Keywords: Health, Promoting, School, Covid-19

Abstrak. Pandemi Covid-19 masih belum reda. Hingga 22 Oktober 2020 di Kota Surabaya, jumlah kumulatif konfirmasi sebanyak 15.530 kasus, konfirmasi dalam perawatan sebanyak 161 kasus, konfirmasi sembuh sebanyak 14.226 kasus, dan konfirmasi meninggal sebanyak 1.143 kasus. Di Kota Surabaya, kasus Covid-19 menyebar merata di semua Kecamatan. Tujuan kegiatan adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa sekolah dasar tentang pencegahan Covid-19. pada kegiatan ini menggunakan one group pre-test – post-test. Sampel yang digunakan adalah murid sekolah dasar kelas IV dan kelas V yang berjumlah 109 anak di Kecamatan Kenjeran Kota Surabaya. Pemberian perlakuan berupa pemberian media buku saku dan video. Hasil pada kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan siswa sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Setelah intervensi pengetahuan pada kategori kurang dari 13,6% turun menjadi 1,5%. Pengetahuan pada kategori baik dari 7,3% meningkat menjadi 15,5% dan pengetahuan dengan kategori sangat baik meningkat dari 73,6% menjadi 76,4%. Kesimpulan kegiatan ini yaitu media yang digunakan dalam health promoting school sangat efektif dalam upaya peningkatan pengetahuan siswa terbukti dengan peningkatan pengetahuan yang terjadi sebelum dan sesudah intervensi rerata peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 10% pada setiap kategori.
Kata Kunci: Kesehatan, Promosi, Sekolah, Covid-19
Combination of Nigella sativa and Phyllanthus niruri as An Immunostimulant for The Prevention of White Spot Disease in Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Lesmanawati Wida , Manalu Wasmen , Rahminiwati Min , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Nuryati Sri 
Published: September 2022

Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a very important commodity, which accounts for almost 70% of the total world shrimp production. However, this production is still threatened by disease attacks, one of which is caused by white spot disease (WSD). Herbs are widely used as immunostimulants as an effort to prevent diseases. Black cumin (Nigella sativa) and stone breaker (Phyllanthus niruri) have long been known as excellent immunostimulants in human. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of N. sativa and its combination with P. niruri as an immunostimulant in L. vannamei for preventing WSD. Tested shrimp (±3.0 g) were treated by N. sativa (N), P. niruri (P) and the combination of both (1N:1P, 2/3N:1/3P, 3/4N:1/4P, 1/3N:2/3, 3/5N:2/5P, 1/4N: 3/4P, 2/5N:3/5P) through feed for 28 days. They were then infected by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and observed for 7 days. The parameters observed included immune response and production performance. N. sativa was able to reduce the mortality of test shrimp infected with WSSV, with an RPS value of 71%. N. sativa can be combined with P. niruri in the right composition (1/2N:1/2P and 2/3N:1/3P), while the other combinations are antagonistic. The administration of the best treatments in this study, relatively did not affect the value of total hemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst activity, hemolymph clotting time and production performance of tested shrimp.
Cost-Effectiveness of Cement Augmentation Versus No Augmentation for the Fixation of Unstable Trochanteric Fractures
Authors: Joeris Alexander , Kabiri Mina , Galvain Thibaut , Vanderkarr Mollie , Holy Chantal E. , Plaza Javier Quintana , Tien Stephanie , Schneller Julia , Kammerlander Christian 
Published: September 2022

Background:
A previous randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated a trend toward a reduced risk of implant-related revision surgery following fixation with use of a Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) with TRAUMACEM V+ Injectable Bone Cement augmentation versus no augmentation in patients with unstable trochanteric fractures. To determine whether this reduced risk may result in long-term cost savings, the present study assessed the cost-effectiveness of TRAUMACEM V+ cement augmentation versus no augmentation for the fixation of unstable trochanteric fractures from the German health-care payer’s perspective.

Methods:
The cost-effectiveness model comprised 2 stages: a decision tree simulating clinical events, costs, and utilities during the first year after the index procedure and a Markov model extrapolating clinical events, costs, and utilities over the patient’s lifetime. Sources of model parameters included the previous RCT, current literature, and administrative claims data. Outcome measures were incremental costs (in 2020 Euros), incremental quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Model uncertainty was assessed with deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.

Results:
The base-case analysis showed that fixation with cement augmentation was the dominant strategy as it was associated with cost savings (€50.3/patient) and QALY gains (0.01 QALY/patient). Major influential parameters for the ICER were the utility of revision, rates of revision surgery within the first year after fixation surgery, and the costs of augmentation and revision surgery. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses demonstrated that estimates of cost savings were more robust than those of increased QALYs (66.4% versus 52.7% of the simulations). For a range of willingness-to-pay thresholds from €0 to €50,000, the probability of fixation with cement augmentation being cost-effective versus no augmentation remained above 50%.

Conclusions:
Fixation with use of cement augmentation dominated fixation with no augmentation for unstable trochanteric fractures, resulting in cost savings and QALY gains. Given the input parameter uncertainties, future analyses are warranted when long-term costs and effectiveness data for cement augmentation are available.

Level of Evidence:
Economic and Decision Analysis Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Study on the Key Issue in the Application of Nanoemulsions in Preflush Spacer: Contamination of Cement Slurry by Nanoemulsions
Authors: Wang Chengwen , Meng Renzhou , Chen Zehua , Yang Shengjian , Chen Shunli , Yu Yongjin , Jin Jianzhou 
Published: September 2022

Summary
Nanoemulsions have the potential to efficiently remove oil-based drilling fluids (OBDFs) due to their particular structure and properties. However, the oil phase in nanoemulsions is not compatible with cement slurries. Whether this will cause contamination of cement slurry is an issue worth discussing. In this paper, the potential contamination of cement slurry by nanoemulsions and the corresponding mechanism are discussed. The results show that the addition of nanoemulsion will not cause the thickening of cement slurry but will slightly affect the mechanical properties of hardened cement. When the cement slurry is mixed with 6.375 wt% nanoemulsion, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of hardened cement decrease by 8.9 and 14.9%, while the permeability increases by 11.8%. The mixing of nanoemulsions does not affect the hydration of cement slurry, but the oil droplets in the emulsions will lead to the formation of tiny pores in the hardened cement, which would adversely affect the mechanical properties of hardened cement. The oil droplets in nanoemulsion are coated by surfactants, so it does not affect cement hydration. The oil droplets are small and evenly distributed, which can reduce the influence of nanoemulsion on the microstructure of hardened cement. The stability of emulsion droplet in cement slurry is important but easy to be ignored. The possibility of incompatibility between nanoemulsion and cement slurry can be reduced by reducing the adsorption of surfactants. Nanoemulsions would maintain good stability under the function of surfactant interfacial film and yield stress of cement slurry.
Assessment of adverse events following vaccination with AstraZeneca Coronavirus Disease 2019 vaccine in Greater Kampala, Uganda, March-April 2021
Authors: Komakech Allan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Tracking of adverse events following vaccination is important for evaluating vaccine safety. During March 2021, Uganda began COVID-19 vaccination using the Astra-Zeneca vaccine targeting teachers, health workers, security personnel, and the elderly. We assessed adverse events following AstraZeneca vaccination in Greater Kampala, Uganda to track the safety of the vaccine.
Methods
We used vaccination registers to identify persons who received ≥ 1 dose of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine during March 10–April 30, 2021. Adverse events following vaccination were defined as an untoward medical occurrence after vaccination (not necessarily causally related to the vaccine). Serious adverse events were defined as any event considered life-threatening, resulting in hospitalization, persistent disability ˃28 days, death, or congenital anomaly. We extracted telephone contacts for a systematic random sample of vaccinated individuals and their next of kin where necessary. We then conducted phone interviews to collect data on demographics and details of adverse events where they occurred. We used logistic regression analysis to establish relationships between variables and our outcome of interest (developing an adverse event following vaccination).
Results
Among 374 subjects interviewed, mean age was 41 years; range 20–85 years; 176 (47%) were female. Of these, 235 (63%) received only one dose and 139 (37%) received two doses. In total, 516 adverse events occurred in 286 (77%) individuals, including in 255 (68%) individuals after the first dose and in 45 (32%) individuals after the second. The most common adverse events were redness/pain/itching at the injection site (34%) and headache (32%). None of the events were classified as serious. Persons aged 20–29 years (AOR 4.7; 95% CI: 2.0–10.2), 30–39 years (AOR 3.7; 95% CI: 1.8–7.4) and 40–49 years (AOR 2.8; 95% CI 1.3–5.0) were more likely to develop adverse events than those aged ≥ 50 years.
Conclusion
Most individuals experienced ≥ 1 adverse event. No serious adverse events were reported. Younger age (˂50 years) was associated with adverse event. We recommend use of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine in Uganda based on its safety.
Numerical Study on the Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Sandwich Panels (RCSPs) under Blast Load
Authors: Yousafzai Mehran A. , Khan Amir Hamza , Alam Jehangeer , Ghani Abdul 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the numerically modelled behavior of reinforced concrete sandwich panels (RCSPs) subjected to blast loads. The RCSPs are made up of expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam core having a spray-on reinforced concrete skins, like a ferrocement overlay, on both sides. The experimental study on RCSPs under blast load was previously conducted by Abbas et al. (2019). The authors investigated the physical damage intensity at different scaled distances by using qualitative fragility curves developed through visual inspection. The study was limited to the specific test plan and there is no quantitative record of the research. Experimental work on RCSPs under blasts requires extensive resources and finances. In order to overcome these limitations, the present study investigates the behavior of RCSPs subjected to blast load by utilizing Abaqus software package. The study aims at developing a numerical simulation through finite element analysis (FEA) which can be extended to other geometries and/or loads, facilitating quantitative research for the future. For simulating explosions in Abaqus, the conventional weapons effects programme (CONWEP) model has been used and the analysis is carried out by manipulating explicit dynamic solver. Damage assessment of RCSPs is done by utilizing concrete damage plasticity model. A satisfactory comparison has been drawn between the results of practical damage assessment and that obtained by the FEA. The numerical study is further extended to an RCSPs’ structure which showed satisfactory strength against blast load. It is recommended that RCSPs can be used in buildings as infill walls which provide significant capabilities to absorb and dissipate energy produced by explosions.
Storage of 1650 modes of single photons at telecom wavelength
Authors: Wei Shihai , Jing Bo , Zhang Xueying , Liao Jinyu , Li Hao , You Lixing , Wang Zhen , Wang You , Guang-Wei Deng , Song Haizhi , Oblak Daniel , Guo Guangcan , Zhou Qiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To advance the full potential of quantum networks one should be able to distribute quantum resources over long distances at appreciable rates. As a consequence, all components in the networks need to have large multimode capacity to manipulate photonic quantum states. Towards this end, a multimode photonic quantum memory, especially one operating at telecom wavelength, remains a key challenge. Here we demonstrate a spectro-temporally multiplexed quantum memory at 1532 nm. Multimode quantum storage of telecom-band heralded single photons is realized by employing the atomic frequency comb protocol in a 10-m-long cryogenically cooled erbium doped silica fibre. The multiplexing encompasses five spectral channels - each 10 GHz wide - and in each of these up to 330 temporal modes, resulting in the simultaneous storage of 1650 modes of single photons. Our demonstrations open doors for high-rate quantum networks, which are essential for future quantum internet.
Monosodium glutamate Induces cortical oxidative, apoptotic, and inflammatory challenges in rats: The potential neuroprotective role of apigenin
Authors: Albrakati Ashraf A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is used as a flavor, and a taste enhancer was reported to evoke marked neuronal impairments. This study investigated the neuroprotective ability of flavonoid apigenin against neural damage in MSG-administered rats. Adult male rats were allocated into four groups; control, apigenin (20 mg/kg, orally), MSG (4 g/kg, orally), and apigenin + MSG at the aforementioned doses for 30 days. Regarding the levels of neurotransmitters, our results revealed that apigenin augmented the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) markedly, and levels of brain monoamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin) accompanied by lessening the activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) as compared to MSG treatment. Moreover, apigenin counteracted the MSG-mediated oxidative stress by decreasing the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels together with elevating the glutathione (GSH) levels. In addition, pre-treatment with apigenin induced notable increases in the activities of cortical superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR). Further, apigenin attenuated the cortical inflammatory stress as indicated by lower levels of pro-inflammatory mediators as interleukin- 1 b (IL-1b), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO) as well as downregulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression levels. Histopathological screening validated the abovementioned results and revealed that apigenin restored the distorted cytoarchitecture of the brain cortex. Thus, the present findings collectively suggest that apigenin exerted significant protection against MSG-induced neurotoxicity by enhancing the cellular antioxidant response and attenuating inflammatory machineries in the rat brain cortex.
The status and related factors of sarcopenia among the elderly in the community in Urumqi: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Che Yajie , Ainiwa Reziwanguli , Zheng Shuangfeng , Jiang Xin , Yang Xuanxuan , Chen Fenghui , Yan Ping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate the prevalence status, physiological, psychological, and social participation status of the elderly with sarcopenia in the Urumqi community and provide a solid foundation for the later development of effective intervention strategies using the theory of healthy aging. MethodsFrom July 2019 to July 2020, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the elderly aged 60 and above who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in HongShiYue, RiYue XingGuang, and the leather factory community of Urumqi City, Xinjiang. The sarcopenia was assessed using the Ishii screening scale. The general information questionnaire, MNA nutritional status of the elderly in the community, PHQ-9 depression scale, GAD-7 anxiety scale, and Social Participation Questionnaire of the elderly were investigated.ResultsThe prevalence rate of sarcopenia was 38.8%. We found that nutritional status, depressive symptoms, and social participation status directly affected sarcopenia, with the corresponding effect values being -0.322, -0.096, and 0.093. This was done by creating a structural equation model of the effects of nutritional status, psychological status, and social participation status on sarcopenia.ConclusionCommunity health care professionals should evaluate the early active prevention and intervention of sarcopenia in the elderly. In order to provide psychological and social support for the elderly to achieve healthy aging and improve their quality of life in old age, the public should take more care of the elderly, pay attention to their mental health, and improve their physical condition.