bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound/nanomechanical force generators enhance osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through microfilaments and transient receptor potential melastatin 7 activation
Authors: Yao Huan , Zhang Liang , Yan Shujin , He Yiman , Zhu Hui , Li Yasha , Yang Ke , Wang Dong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been reported to accelerate fresh fracture healing, but its mechanism of action is unclear and its efficacy needs to be further optimized. Ultrasound in combination with functionalized microbubbles has been shown to induce local shear forces and controllable mechanical stress in cells, amplifying the mechanical effects of LIPUS. Compared with microbubbles, nanoscale lipid bubbles (nanobubbles) have high stability and good biosafety. However, the effect of LIPUS combined with functionalized nanobubbles on osteogenesis has rarely been studied.Results: In this study, we report cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-modified nanobubbles (cRGD-NBs), with a particle size of ~500 nm, able to actively target integrin receptors. cRGD-NBs can be attached to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in large quantities and act as nanomechanical force generators on the cell membrane, exerting mechanical forces on the cell membrane and intracellular region under the action of LIPUS, activating the mechanosensitive transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) ion channel to mediate extracellular calcium influx; in addition, the actin cytoskeleton responds to the incoming mechanical force, showing enhanced polymerization, which further promotes osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, TRPM7 and actin may regulate each other during this process. Conclusions: Compared with LIPUS alone, the combination of LIPUS and nanomechanical force generators further promotes osteogenesis. TRPM7, actin cytoskeleton, and intracellular calcium oscillations are all involved in this process. This study provides new directions and ideas for optimizing the efficacy of LIPUS for fracture healing, and provides a theoretical basis for the further application and development of LIPUS in clinical practice.
CDK6 is upregulated and may be a potential therapeutic target in enzalutamide-resistant castration- resistant prostate cancer by bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Wu Gnag , Chen Xi , Wu Yechen , Wang Xinan , Xu Chengdang , Wang Licheng , Jian Jingang , Wu Denglong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) is still the first line treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). However, after a certain period of therapy, primary PCa inevitably progresses into castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Enzalutamide (MDV3100) is an androgen receptor (AR) signal inhibitor which can delay the progression of CRPC and increase survival of patients with metastatic CRPC. However, the mechanisms involved in enzalutamide-resistant (EnzR) CRPC are still controversial. MethodsWe collected RNA-seq data of the EnzR CRPC cell line LNCaP (EnzR LNCaP) from GSE44905, GSE78201, and GSE150807. We found the hub genes from the three datasets. Then we tested the expression of the hub genes in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the potential drugs that affect the hub genes. Finally, we verified the hub gene expression and drug function.ResultsFrom GSE44905, GSE78201 and GSE150807, we found 45 differently expressed genes (DEGs) between LNCaP and EnzR LNCaP. Ten hub genes were found in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The hub genes expression and survival analysis were analyzed by GEPIA depend on the TCGA database. We found that cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) was highly expressed in both the EnzR LNCaP cell and PCa patients. Ten potential small molecules could suppress CDK6 expression as per CMap findings. Finally, we found the expression of CDK6 increased in both PCa patients’ samples, CRPC cell lines and EnzR PCa cell lines. Three potential CDK6 inhibitors, namely apigenin, chrysin and fisetin, can decrease cell proliferation.ConclusionsThe study proved that CDK6 mutation may be a reason behind EnzR CRPC occurrence and suppression CDK6 expression may help treat EnzR CRPC.
Food and nutritional security impact of exploiting opportunities and developing strategies in increase yam (Dioscorea spp.) production in Ethiopia
Authors: Andualem Demilew Deres 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To feed the world’s exponentially growing population, agriculture needs to use “every arrow in its quiver.” Agricultural research efforts must go beyond corn, wheat, and rice, and take a second look at “orphan crops,” those that tend to get less attention, such as yams. Yams (genus Dioscorea, family Dioscoreaceae) are an economically, nutritionally, and medicinally valuable crop for over 300 million people all over the world. Africa produces approximately 96.5 percent of the world’s yams. In Ethiopia, it is mostly grown in the western and southern regions, but despite its potential to offset malnutrition and food insecurity, yam production in the country has declined from 200,000 tons in 1993 to 45,000 tons in 2020 due mainly to biotic and abiotic pressures. The availability of a widely diverse landraces, large tracts of arable land, and newly released cultivars hold much promise for Ethiopia’s yam production. This review proposes that (1) expanding the yam land cover; (2) more research investments in seed tuber production technologies and the development of varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stress; and (3) more cooperatives for seed tuber production of farmer-preferred varieties, will considerably enhance yam production in Ethiopia.
Developing an efficient irrigation scheduling system using hybrid machine learning algorithm to enhance the sugarcane crop productivity
Authors: Revathy R. , Balamurali S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As a crop with maximum utilization of water, Sugarcane is responsive to water management system throughout lifetime of the crop. Since, due to the fluctuation of climatic variables, the demand of water resources becomes dynamic. This work focuses on the different irrigation system for sugarcane yield using AquaCrop and neural network models. AquaCrop model processes the predetermined data of weather from 1988 – 1989 to 2019 – 2020, soil data, crop data and irrigation system to acquire certain amount of sugarcane yield. The changes occurred in the weather variables consequently affect the crop parameters and irrigation system; thus usage of water is difficult to schedule. So, soil permanent wilting point sensor is deployed in this model to extract the amount of water presents in the soil. The moisture level of soil data is further stored in the cloud called Thingspeak. The soil data are passed on to the cloud via WiFi modem. The future weather data from 2020-2021 to 2049-2050 which are simulated by CCSM4 model and soil sensor data are integrated; then implemented using both conventional neural network and optimized deep learning models in order to classify the irrigation strategies. The firefly optimization helps to optimize the scheduling of the irrigation according to weather and soil data. Hence, water utilized by optimized deep learning model is reduced and predicted more accurately as compared with standard AquaCrop and conventional neural network models. The result of this research is capable of providing an optimized irrigation system with efficient consumption of water saving measures.
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping for Muzaffarabad Region Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad Shoaib , Fatima Syeda Arooj , Aman Mehwish , Shoaib Aqsa , Aslam Bilal , Zafar Adeel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Landslides are one form of geohazard that is crucial for risk assessment and mitigation. This study proposes machine learning methods to identify landslides using data collected from Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. We applied classification techniques including Random Forest, Decision Tree, Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), neural network (NN), 1D-CNN (convolutional neural network one dimensional), XGBoost, and Catboost. Our dataset consists of 12 different factors and data of 1213 sites to predict a landslide. Initially, we trained models individually and compared their performances to find a model with the highest accuracy. In the end, multiple performance measures are used for the evaluation of applied models. From the results, we achieved the highest test accuracy of 84% using NN and boosting methods, with more than 80% accuracy. Our proposed system can be effectively used to predict landslides for other sensitive regions with comparable environmental conditions.
A 14-year follow-up of malignant mesenchymal mixed ovarian tumor with rare colon enteral metastases after postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy: A case report
Authors: Jian Jianing , Jing Hailiang , Jiang Yifang , Fu Xi , You Fengming , Xiao Ying , Li Tongsheng , Cai Yi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Ovarian malignant mesenchymal mixed tumor (MMMT) is a malignant tumor composed of highly malignant epithelium and mesenchymal components. These tumors have a very high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis. Ovarian MMMTs metastasize mostly to the abdomen and distant organs. This report describes a patient with a rare colon enteral metastasis of ovarian MMMT who has survived for more than 14 years.Case Report: A 54-year-old Chinese woman was diagnosed with ovarian MMMT in 2007 and underwent radical ovarian surgery, followed by ten cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin. In 2014, the patient's serum CA125 had increased to 104.92 U/mL, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed an abnormal increase in local nodular FDG in the ascending colon. A pathological biopsy obtained during colonoscopy suggested an adenocarcinoma, for which she underwent radical colon resection. Postoperative pathologic examination confirmed that the lesion was an enteral metastasis of ovarian MMMT in the ascending colon. The patient underwent eight cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy, consisting of docetaxel and carboplatin. Her physical, psychological and social functions were completely restored. The patient has survived for more than 14 years since the original surgery and over 7 years since the diagnosis of metastasis, and her prognosis is good.Conclusions: Findings in this patient suggest that intestinal metastases of ovarian MMMT not only involve extracteral implantation, but can gradually infiltrate into the blood and spread to other organs. Primary or secondary tumors can be excluded based on each patient's tumor-related history.
Classification of Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Abnormalities and Comparison of Their Incidence among Populations
Authors: Maneenin Chanwit , Maneenin Naowarat , Jirapornkul Chananya , Chaimontri Chadaporn , Iamsaard Sitthichai 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We classified sternocleidomastoid muscle abnormality and calculated its incidence in a Thai population. Such abnormality should be considered to prevent complications from central venous catheterization.This study aimed to classify and investigate abnormalities of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle, which is commonly used as an anatomical landmark to indicate the correct position for central venous catheterization, in a Thai population. Thirty-five embalmed cadavers from northeast Thailand (19 females and 16 males) were systemically dissected to reveal the SCM muscle anatomy. Variations in SCM origin and insertion were recorded. The prevalence of abnormality was approximately 11.4% (4 of 35 cadavers) and did not differ by sex. Abnormalities were classified into 5 types based on origin, insertion, and presence of additional heads, as follows: type I (n=31; 88.6%), type II (n=1; 2.85%), type III (n=1; 2.85%), type IV (n=1; 2.85%), and type V (n=1; 2.85%). As the incidence of abnormality was more than 10%, surgeons must seriously consider this before insertion of a central venous catheter to avoid complications.
Augmenting data security: Physical Unclonable Functions for digital holography based quadratic phase cryptography
Authors: Vanitha Patnala , Manupati Bhargavi , Muniraj Inbarasan , Anamalamudi Satish , Reddy Salla Gangi , Singh R. P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In (Appl. Opt. 55, 4720-4728 (2016)) authors demonstrated the vulnerability of Linear Canonical Transform (LCT) based optical encryption system. One of the primary reasons for this is the predictable nature of the security keys (i.e., simulated random keys) used in the encryption process. To alleviate, in this work, we are presenting a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) for producing a robust encryption key for the digital implementations of any optical encoding systems. We note, a correlation function of the scattered perfect optical vortex (POV) beam is utilized to generate the encryption keys. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on properly utilizing a scattered POV for the optical encryption systems. To validate the generated secret keys, the standard Linear Canonical Transform based Double Random Phase Encoding (LCT-DRPE) technique is used. Experimental and simulation result validates the proposed key generation method as an effective alternative to the digital encryption keys.
Bose-Glass and Fermi-Glass
Authors: Takahashi Korekiyo , Tanda Satoshi , Obuse Hideaki , Nakatsugawa Keiji , Sakoda Masahito , Nanao Yoshiko , Naito Michio , Nobukane Hiroyoshi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
It is known that two-dimensional superconducting materials undergo a quantum phase transition from a localized state to superconductivity. When the disordered samples are cooled, bosons (Cooper pairs) are generated from Fermi-glass and reach superconductivity through Bose-glass. However, there has been no universal expression representing the transition from Fermi-glass to Bose-glass.Here, we discovered an experimental renormalization group flow from Fermi-glass to Bose- glass in terms of simple β-function analysis. To discuss the universality of this flow, we analyzed manifestly different systems, namely a Nd-based two-dimensional layered perovskite and an ultrathin Pb film. We find that all our experimental data for Fermi-glass fall beautifully into the conventional self-consistent β-function. Surprisingly, however, flows vertical to the conventional β-function were observed in the weakly localized regime of both systems, where localization becomes even weaker. We show that the vertical flow is evidence for the existence of Bose-glass. Consequently, we confirm a universal quantum transition from Bose-glass to Fermi-glass with the new two-dimensional critical sheet resistance close to R□ = h/e2.
Radiographic tumor burden score is useful for stratifying prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing resection at different Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages.
Authors: Yen Yi-Hao , Li Wei-Feng , Liu Yueh-Wei , Wang Chih-Chi , Yong Chee-Chien , Lin Chih-Che , Cheng Yu-Fan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system has been recommended for prognostic prediction. However, prognosis is variable at different BCLC stages. We aimed to evaluate whether the radiographic tumor burden score (TBS) could be used to stratify prognosis in different BCLC stages.
Methods
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing liver resection (LR) at BCLC-0, -A, or -B stage in our institution in 2007–2018 were divided into derivation and validation cohorts. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed according to the TBS and BCLC stage. TBS cutoff values for OS were determined with X-tile.
Results
Of the 749 patients in the derivation cohort, 138 (18.4%) had BCLC-0, 542 (72.3%) BCLC-A, and 69 (9.2%) BCLC-B HCC; 81 (10.8%) had a high TBS (> 7.9), 474 (63.3%) a medium TBS (2.6–7.9), and 194 (25.9%) a low TBS (< 2.6). OS worsened progressively with increasing TBS in the cohort (p < 0.001) and in BCLC-A (p = 0.04) and BCLC-B (p = 0.002) stages. Multivariate analysis showed that the TBS was associated with OS of patients with BCLC-A (medium vs. low TBS: hazard ratio [HR] = 2.390, 95% CI = 1.024–5.581, p = 0.04; high vs. low TBS: HR = 3.885, 95% CI = 1.443–10.456, p = 0.007) and BCLC-B (high vs. medium TBS: HR = 2.542, 95% CI = 1.077–6.002, p = 0.033) HCC. The TBS could also be used to stratify the OS of patients in the validation cohort (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The TBS could be used to stratify the OS of the entire cohort and BCLC stages A and B of HCC patients undergoing LR.
Heavy metal bioaccumulation in five bivalves from coastal areas of yellow sea and Bohai Sea, China: Evaluation of contamination and human health risk
Authors: Ding Haiyan , Zhao Yanfang , Sheng Xiaofeng , Kang Xuming , Ning Jinsong , Zhong Xihuang , Shang Derong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Heavy metal concentrations (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, iAs, Cr, Cd, Pb and Hg) in five commercially important bivalves from the coastal areas of Yellow sea and Bohai sea, China were determined, and their potential human health risks were evaluated. Results showed that there was a significant difference among these metal contents (p<0.05) in different bivalve species, except for Hg. The contents of all metals were below the maximum allowable limit regulated by China Food Standard Agency. The health risks from most bivalves’ consumption were safe with the THQ being much lower than 1.0, except for Cd in some scallop samples. The average EDI/PTDI of Cd from Chlamys farreri consumption was 92%, and the average EDI of Cu and Cd in Crassostrea gigas occupied 61% and 62% of PTDI. Thus a moderate consumption of C. farreri and C. gigas was suggested to reduce the potential health risk of heavy metals.
SMART - A Prototype Design for Sustainable Method of Agriculture Using Root Transition
Authors: Acharya Aniruddha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The rapid increase in global population along with urbanization will continue to increase the challenge of food security and environmental sustainability. Agriculture is essential for food security, however, is an expensive process both financially and environmentally. Estimation of crop performance before investing in field would substantially benefit agricultural output and environmental sustainability. A simple, easy to use, portable, and inexpensive prototype of a device is described that can be successfully used to estimate plant performance and help tailor fertilizer formulations and microbial consortium for optimal agronomic output. The device can also be used for agriculture by farmers and for plant research by students and scientists.
Acute Flaccid Paralysis surveillance in polio eradication and beyond: Learning from Bangladesh
Authors: Anwar Humayra Binte , Mazumder Yameen , Nujhat Sanjana , Islam Bushra Zarin , Kalbarczyk Anna , Alonge Olakunle O. , Sarker Malabika 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) helped to develop the standard acute flaccid paralysis surveillance (AFP) system worldwidewhich comprises infrastructure, knowledge, expertise, funding, technical assistance, and trained personnel. AFP surveillance can complement any disease surveillance system, and many countries, including Bangladesh, are now utilizing these polio surveillance assets for monitoring other vaccine-preventable diseases. This paper outlines how AFP surveillance has evolved in Bangladesh over time, its success and challenging factors, and its potential to facilitate other health goals.Methodology: This mixed-method study includes a grey literature review, a survey barriers and facilitators, and key informant interviews (KIIs) to gather relevant in-depth information on AFP surveillance in Bangladesh. Grey literature was collected online and via paper documentation from GPEI stakeholders. Online and in-person surveys were conducted in six divisions of Bangladesh, including Dhaka, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Chittagong, Sylhet, and Khulna, to map tacit knowledge ideas, approaches, and experiences. KIIs were conducted at national, and sub-national levels. Data were then combined on focused emerging themesincluding history, challenges, and successes of the AFP surveillance system in Bangladesh.Results: AFP surveillance in Bangladesh was first introduced in 1990 at the district and Upazila level major hospitals. High population growth, low performance, hard-to-reach areas, and groups of people residing in risky zones were significant challenges to implementing this surveillance system. Surveillance was gradually enriched by establishing certification standards and community-based AFP surveillance and improved Surveillance Immunization Medical Officer (SIMO) network activities, laboratory activities, and proper monitoring and evaluation. In Bangladesh, a national disease surveillance system and a laboratory are now being used for multiple diseases, including polio, measles, Japanese Encephalitis, neonatal tetanus, etc.Conclusion: In Bangladesh, it is evident that the AFP surveillance system is supporting the health system more broadly by building knowledge, experience, and assets and forming a solid platform for other health programs. In addition, its strengths can be leveraged for combating new and emerging diseases.However, the sustainability of the AFP surveillance in Bangladesh still needs collaborative support from partners, mainly in the form of technical assistance.
Estimation of irrigation water quality index in a semi-arid environment using data-driven approach
Authors: M'nassri Soumaia , El Amri Asma , Nasri Nesrine , Majdoub Rajouene 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to calculate and assess the irrigation water quality index. Furthermore, an effective method for predicting IWQI using artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) models was proposed. The accuracy performance of each model was evaluated at the end of this paper. According to the calculated index based on 49 groundwater samples, the Sidi El Hani aquifer was of good and sufficient quality. Moreover, both the ANN and MLR models performed well in terms of actual and predicted water quality. The ANN model, on the other hand, demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy. The results of this model also revealed that the predicted and computed values were close, with determination coefficients R2, RMSE, and MAE of about 0.95, 1.02, and 0.90, respectively. As a result, the proposed ANN model in this study was consistent and sufficient. These findings will help to guide irrigation water management decisions for the study aquifer in the future. The proposed ANN model can also be used to estimate the irrigation water index of other semi-arid aquifers, but accuracy is dependent on proper training techniques and selection parameters.
Prospection of Microfluidics for Local Drug Delivery
Authors: Naveen Nimbagal R. , Girirajasekhar Dornadula , Goudanavar Prakash S. , Kumar Chagaleti B. , Narasimha Gunturu L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Significant endeavors can be made to develop effective drug delivery systems. Nowa-days, many of these novel systems have gained attention as they focus primarily on increasing the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of several drugs to finally minimize the side effects, thus im-proving the treatment's efficacy. Microfluidics systems are unquestionably a superior technology, which is currently revolutionizing the current chemical and biological studies, providing diminutive chip-scale devices that offer precise dosage, target-precise delivery, and controlled release. Micro-fluidic systems have emerged as a promising delivery vehicle owing to their potential for defined handling and transporting of small liquid quantities. The latest microfabrication developments have been made for application to several biological systems. Here, we review the fundamentals of mi-crofluidics and their application for local drug delivery.