bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuum of care for maternal, newborn, and child health in 17 sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Aboagye Richard Gyan , Okyere Joshua , Budu Eugene , Yaya Sanni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundGiven the intricate relationship between mothers and their children with the continuum of care, it is quintessential for their healthcare and interventions to be enhanced through a continuum of care approach. We examined the factors associated with the continuum of care for maternal, newborn, and child health in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsData for the study were pooled from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 17 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. We extracted the data from the women’s files in all 17 countries. We included 15,359 married and cohabiting women with the most recent children aged 12–23 months at the time of the survey in the study. Multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with continuum of care. Results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with their 95% confidence interval.ResultsWomen whose partners had secondary or higher level of education [aOR = 1.52; 95%CI = 1.07, 2.16], those with health insurance [aOR = 1.64; 95%CI = 1.18, 2.30], those who decide alone on their healthcare [aOR = 1.38; 95%CI = 1.01, 1.89], those with joint healthcare decision [aOR = 1.33; 95%CI = 1.02, 1.74], those exposed to radio [aOR = 1.38; 95%CI = 1.06, 1.79], those who started antenatal care early [aOR = 1.88; 95%CI = 1.50, 2.36] and those in southern Africa [aOR = 7.02; 95%CI = 3.23, 15.27] had higher odds of completing the continuum of care.ConclusionWe found that only 3.4% of women across the 17 sub-Saharan African countries included in this study completed all of the 11 maternal, newborn, and child health care interventions along the continuum of care. The factors that are associated with the maternal, newborn, and child health continuum of care include women’s autonomy in decision-making, partners’ level of education, health insurance coverage, early initiation of antenatal care, exposure to radio, and residing in Southern Africa. Problem with the distance to the facility lowered women’s odds of completing the continuum of care. Governments and departments of health services across sub-Saharan African countries must leverage the radio to disseminate critical messages about the need to complete the continuum of care. Much commitment must be made toward advancing the autonomy of women. Health insurance coverage would have to be extended to reach all women to facilitate the completion of the continuum of care.
Pattern and perception of wellbeing, quality of work life and quality of care of health professionals in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Awosoga Oluwagbohunmi A. , Odunaiya Nse A. , Oyewole Olufemi O. , Ogunlana Michael O. , Mbada Chidozie E. , Onyeso Ogochukwu K. , Adegoke Opeyemi M. , Ayodeji Ayomikun F. , Odole Adesola C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Personal wellbeing (PW) including quality of life and work life is a very complex concept that influences health professionals’ commitment and productivity. Improving PW may result in positive outcomes and good quality of care. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the pattern and perception of wellbeing, quality of work life (QoWL) and quality of care (QoC) of health professionals (HPs) in southwest Nigeria.

Methods
The study was a convergent parallel mixed method design comprising a cross-sectional survey (1580 conveniently selected participants) and a focus group interview (40 purposively selected participants). Participants’ PW, quality of life (QoL), QoWL, and QoC were assessed using the PW Index Scale, 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, QoWL questionnaire, and Clinician QoC scale, respectively. The pattern of wellbeing, QoWL and quality of care of HPs were evaluated using t-test and ANOVA tests. Binary regression analysis was used to assess factors that could classify participants as having good or poor wellbeing, QoWL, and quality of care of HPs. The qualitative findings were thematically analyzed following two independent transcriptions. An inductive approach to naming themes was used. Codes were assigned to the data and common codes were grouped into categories, leading to themes and subthemes.

Results
Of 1600 administered questionnaires, 1580 were returned, giving a 98.75% response rate. Only 45.3%, 43.9%, 39.8% and 38.4% of HP reported good PW, QoL, QoC and QoWL, respectively; while 54.7%, 56.1%, 60.2% and 61.6% were poor. There were significant gender differences in PW and QoC in favor of females. With an increase in age and years of practice, there was a significant increase in PW, QoWL and QoC. As the work volume increased, there was significant decrease in QoWL. Participants with master's or Ph.D. degrees reported improved QoWL while those with diploma reported better QoC. PWI and QoC were significantly different along the type of appointment, with those who held part-time appointments having the least values. The regression models showed that participant’s characteristics such as age, gender, designation, and work volume significantly classified health professionals who had good or poor QoC, QoWL, PW and QoL. The focus group interview revealed four themes and 16 sub-themes. The four themes were the definitions of QoC, QoWL, and PW, and dimensions of QoC.

Conclusion
More than half of health professionals reported poor quality of work life, quality of life and personal wellbeing which were influenced by personal and work-related factors. All these may have influenced the poor quality of care reported, despite the finding of a good knowledge of what quality of care entails.
Mupirocin blocks imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin lesion by inhibiting epidermal isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase
Authors: Yan Bing-Xi , Chen Xue-Yan , Wang Zhao-Yuan , Cui Ying-Zhe , Landeck Lilla , Fu Ni-Chang , Yang Xing-Yu , Xu Fan , Zhou Yuan , Chen Jia-Qi , Man Xiao-Yong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IARS) catalyzes isoleucine to the corresponding tRNA, maintaining the accuracy of gene translation. Its role in psoriasis has been not investigated so far. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of IARS inhibitor, mupirocin, treatment for psoriasis.

Methods
The expression of IARS was determined by immunofluorescence, Western blot and qRT-PCR in normal healthy control- and psoriatic human skin. An imiquimod (IMQ) -induced psoriasis-like skin disease model was used to study the phenotypes changed by an IARS inhibitor, mupirocin (MUP). Endotypes were analyzed by RNA-seq, R&D Luminex multi-factor technique, ELISA, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Additionally, the effect of MUP on epidermal keratinocytes (KCs) were conducted in-vitro in primary cultured human KCs.

Results
We found the expression of IARS was higher in psoriatic skin than in healthy controls. In IMQ-induced psoriasis-like C57BL/6 J mouse model, MUP reversed IMQ-induced keratinocytes proliferation, expression of inflammatory cytokines and infiltration of immune cells. Furthermore, in cultured human keratinocytes, MUP inhibited proliferation, but promoted apoptosis, which may be related with STAT3 signaling pathway.

Conclusion
Our finding of blocking the infiltration of immune cells by inhibiting the formation of IARS, could be one mechanism to explain the effect of MUP in the treatment of psoriasis. Developing strategies targeting suppression IARS should open new perspectives for the treatment of psoriasis.

Graphical Abstract
Efficacy of single-stage posterior surgery for HIV-positive patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis
Authors: Zhang Yao , Zhao Chang-song , Chen Jia-min , Zhang Qiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to observe the clinical effect of single-stage posterior surgery on HIV-positive patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis.

Methods
From October 2015 to October 2019, 13 HIV-positive patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis who underwent single-stage posterior surgery were retrospectively analyzed (observation group), and 13 HIV-negative patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis who were matched with the gender, age, operative site, and surgical approach during the same period were selected as the control group. Postoperative complications, hemoglobin, albumin, CD4+T lymphocyte count, operative site, operative time, and blood loss were recorded between the two groups. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS), American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scale, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), kyphotic angle, correction rate of kyphosis, angle loss, and bone graft fusion time.

Results
In the observation group, 7 patients had postoperative complications, including 1 patient with cerebrospinal fluid leakage, 1 patient with nerve root irritation, 1 patient with an opportunistic infection, and 4 with delayed wound healing. In the control group, 2 patients developed postoperative complications, including 1 with nerve root irritation and 1 with delayed wound healing. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). CD4+T lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, and albumin in HIV-positive patients with postoperative complications were statistically different from those without postoperative complications (P all < 0.05). No tuberculosis recurrence was found at the last follow-up, ESR and CRP returned to normal, and there were no statistically significant differences in bone graft fusion time, VAS score, ASIA scale, correction rate of kyphosis, and angle loss between two groups (P all > 0.05).

Conclusion
Single-stage posterior surgery for HIV-positive patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis could achieve satisfactory clinical efficacy through comprehensive preoperative evaluation, standardized perioperative antiviral and anti-tuberculosis treatments, and prevention of postoperative complications.
Efficacy and safety of Sri Lankan traditional medicine regimen for knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for an open-label, active comparator, randomized controlled trial
Authors: De Silva Himalee , Perera Pathirage Kamal , Jayasinghe Saroj , De Silva Weliange Shreenika 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common form of arthritis, causing disability and impaired quality of life especially in the elderly. Sri Lankan traditional medicine (STM) is widely used to treat OA, but no clinical trial evaluated on STM regimens for KOA to discuss their safety and efficacy in the treatment. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of STM regimen for KOA in comparison to recommended conventional pain management therapy over a period of 8 weeks on relieving the condition.

Study design
This is a clinical trial following a protocol-driven open-labeled randomized controlled study enrolling patients with KOA that will be conducted as a single-center trial in the National Ayurveda Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka. Rasnadvigunabhagasaya herbal decoction (RDBD) and an herbal pill Yoaraja Guggulu were selected as the rescue medication for treating joint disorders. The two Ayurvedic dosage forms will be tested against the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs tab paracetamol and tab ibuprofen as the rescue medication for their safety and efficacy. As test products for external application, oil with an herbal fomentation—Kumburuetaperumkayam Pottani (KAP)—and paste—Sandivadam Lepaya (SVL)—were selected. External applications will be tested against the diclofenac sodium gel and hot water fomentation. KOA patients will be allocated randomly into two arms, and the medications will be given orally for 60 days and externally for 30 days. The primary endpoint is the change in the score on the WOMAC after 08 weeks. WOMAC and KOOS will be recorded and compared between the two arms prior to visiting 1, at the end of 15 days and end of 30 days, and end of the 45 days and end of the second month and 3 months of follow-up. KOOS and WOMAC subscales, a pain disability index, a visual analog scale for pain and sleep quality, and a quality-of-life index are used as secondary outcome measurements.

Discussion
This clinical trial will be able to provide evidence-based scientific data on Sri Lankan traditional medicine regimens in the management of KOA. This trial is expected to develop capacity to scientifically evaluate various STM that are claimed to have efficacy in treatment of various disease conditions.

Trial registration
ISRCTN58050062.
Primary neurons lacking the SNAREs vti1a and vti1b show altered neuronal development
Authors: Bollmann Christian , Schöning Susanne , Kotschnew Katharina , Grosse Julia , Heitzig Nicole , Fischer von Mollard Gabriele 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Neurons are highly specialized cells with a complex morphology generated by various membrane trafficking steps. They contain Golgi outposts in dendrites, which are formed from somatic Golgi tubules. In trafficking membrane fusion is mediated by a specific combination of SNARE proteins. A functional SNARE complex contains four different helices, one from each SNARE subfamily (R-, Qa, Qb and Qc). Loss of the two Qb SNAREs vti1a and vti1b from the Golgi apparatus and endosomes leads to death at birth in mice with massive neurodegeneration in peripheral ganglia and defective axon tracts.

Methods
Hippocampal and cortical neurons were isolated from Vti1a−/−Vti1b−/− double deficient, Vti1a−/−Vti1b+/−, Vti1a+/−Vti1b−/− and Vti1a+/−Vti1b+/− double heterozygous embryos. Neurite outgrowth was determined in cortical neurons and after stimulation with several neurotrophic factors or the Rho-associated protein kinase ROCK inhibitor Y27632, which induces exocytosis of enlargeosomes, in hippocampal neurons. Moreover, postsynaptic densities were isolated from embryonic Vti1a−/−Vti1b−/− and Vti1a+/−Vti1b+/− control forebrains and analyzed by western blotting.

Results
Golgi outposts were present in Vti1a−/−Vti1b+/− and Vti1a+/−Vti1b−/− dendrites of hippocampal neurons but not detected in the absence of vti1a and vti1b. The length of neurites was significantly shorter in double deficient cortical neurons. These defects were not observed in Vti1a−/−Vti1b+/− and Vti1a+/−Vti1b−/− neurons. NGF, BDNF, NT-3, GDNF or Y27632 as stimulator of enlargeosome secretion did not increase the neurite length in double deficient hippocampal neurons. Vti1a−/−Vti1b−/− postsynaptic densities contained similar amounts of scaffold proteins, AMPA receptors and NMDA receptors compared to Vti1a+/−Vti1b+/−, but much more TrkB, which is the receptor for BDNF.

Conclusion
The absence of Golgi outposts did not affect the amount of AMPA and NMDA receptors in postsynaptic densities. Even though TrkB was enriched, BDNF was not able to stimulate neurite elongation in Vti1a−/−Vti1b−/− neurons. Vti1a or vti1b function as the missing Qb-SNARE together with VAMP-4 (R-SNARE), syntaxin 16 (Qa-SNARE) and syntaxin 6 (Qc-SNARE) in induced neurite outgrowth. Our data show the importance of vti1a or vti1b for two pathways of neurite elongation.
“Alexa, What’s a Phishing Email?”: Training users to spot phishing emails using a voice assistant
Authors: Sharevski Filipo , Jachim Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper reports the findings from an empirical study investigating the effectiveness of using intelligent voice assistants, Amazon Alexa in our case, to deliver a phishing training to users. Because intelligent voice assistants can hardly utilize visual cues but provide for convenient interaction with users, we developed an interaction-based phishing training focused on the principles of persuasion with examples on how to look for them in phishing emails. To test the effectiveness of this training, we conducted a between-subject study where 120 participants were randomly assigned in three groups: no training, interaction-based training with Alexa, and a facts-and-advice training and assessed a vignette of 28 emails. The results show that the participants in the interaction-based group statistically outperformed the others when detecting phishing emails that employed the following persuasion principles (and/or combinations of): authority, authority/scarcity, commitment, commitment/liking, and scarcity/liking. The paper discusses the implication of this result for future phishing training and anti-phishing efforts.
Securing 6G-enabled IoT/IoV networks by machine learning and data fusion
Authors: Sun Bin , Geng Renkang , Zhang Lu , Li Shuai , Shen Tao , Ma Liyao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Vehicles (IoV) are rapidly moving to the 6G networks, which leads to dramatically raised security issues. Using machine learning, including deep learning, to find out malicious network traffic is one of practical ways. Though much work has been done in this direction, we found little investigating the effect of using fused network conversation datasets to train and test models. Thus, this work proposes to check conversation dataset characteristics and find suitable ones to fuse into one dataset in order to improve the capability of malicious traffic and malware detection performance. The experiments using real data show that conditioned combination of datasets can be used to enhance algorithm performance and improve detection results. For this reason, it is recommended to profile datasets and conduct conditional fusion of network conversation datasets before using machine learning or deep learning. As the characterization is done using general statistical calculation, it is promising to be used for other domains too.
Existence and multiplicity of radially symmetric k-admissible solutions for a k-Hessian equation
Authors: Miao Liangying , He Zhiqian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we show that the radially symmetric k-admissible solutions set of a k-Hessian equation Dirichlet problem with homogeneous boundary condition contains a reversed S-shaped connected component. By determining the shape of unbounded continua of the solutions, we obtain the existence and multiplicity of radially symmetric k-admissible solutions with respect to the bifurcation parameter λ. The proof is based on the bifurcation technique.
Transforming the generative pretrained transformer into augmented business text writer
Authors: Khalil Faisal , Pipa Gordon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study uses transformers architecture of Artificial neural networks to generate artificial business text for a given topic or theme. The implication of the study is to augment the business report writing, and general business writings process with help of generative pretrained transformers (generative pretrained transformer (GPT)) networks. Main focus of study is to provide practical use case for GPTs models with help of big data. Our study model has 355 million model parameters and trained for three months on GPU enable devices using 2.3 billion text tokens(is available as open-source data now). Text tokens are collected with help of rigorous preprocessing, which includes; shortlisting of Subreddits of Fortune 500 companies and industries, listed on US-based social news aggregation online portal called “Reddit”. After shortlisting, millions of submission of users during the five years, are parsed to collect the URLs out of it. 1.8 million working URLs are scrutinized. Business text is parsed, cleaned, and converted into word embeddings out of uniform resoruce locator (URLs). The result shows that both models; conditional interactive and random sampling, generate text paragraphs that are grammatically accurate and stick to the given topic.
Non-invasive sensor methods used in monitoring newborn babies after birth, a clinical perspective
Authors: Anton Oana , Dore Henry , Rendon-Morales Elizabeth , Aviles-Espinosa Rodrigo , Seddon Paul , Wertheim David , Fernandez Ramon , Rabe Heike 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Reducing the global new-born mortality is a paramount challenge for humanity. There are approximately 786,323 live births in the UK each year according to the office for National Statistics; around 10% of these newborn infants require assistance during this transition after birth. Each year around, globally around 2.5 million newborns die within their first month. The main causes are complications due to prematurity and during delivery. To act in a timely manner and prevent further damage, health professionals should rely on accurate monitoring of the main vital signs heart rate and respiratory rate.

Aims
To present a clinical perspective on innovative, non-invasive methods to monitor heart rate and respiratory rate in babies highlighting their advantages and limitations in comparison with well-established methods.

Methods
Using the data collected in our recently published systematic review we highlight the barriers and facilitators for the novel sensor devices in obtaining reliable heart rate measurements. Details about difficulties related to the application of sensors and interfaces, time to display, and user feedback are explored. We also provide a unique overview of using a non-invasive respiratory rate monitoring method by extracting RR from the pulse oximetry trace of newborn babies.

Results
Novel sensors to monitor heart rate offer the advantages of minimally obtrusive technologies but have limitations due to movement artefact, bad sensor coupling, intermittent measurement, and poor-quality recordings compared to gold standard well established methods. Respiratory rate can be derived accurately from pleth recordings in infants.

Conclusion
Some limitations have been identified in current methods to monitor heart rate and respiratory rate in newborn babies. Novel minimally invasive sensors have advantages that may help clinical practice. Further research studies are needed to assess whether they are sufficiently accurate, practical, and reliable to be suitable for clinical use.
Chronic expanding hematoma in the liver: a case report
Authors: Taniguchi Atsuki , Nishiyama Takeyoshi , Kozai Jun , Endo Izuru , Watanabe Nobuyuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
A hematoma that gradually increases over a chronic course of months or longer is defined as a chronic expanding hematoma (CEH). CEHs often develop in the limbs and on body surfaces that are susceptible to external stimuli. CEHs in the intrathoracic or intraperitoneal organs are uncommon, with liver CEHs being particularly rare worldwide.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old woman was previously diagnosed with a giant cyst in the right liver lobe, with a longer axis of approximately 15 cm. Abdominal ultrasonography findings suggested a complex cyst, and she was referred to our hospital for further inspection. Although CEH was suspected, it was difficult to exclude malignant diseases such as intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct and cystadenocarcinoma. There was a possibility of malignant disease and the exclusion of surrounding organs due to tumor growth. Therefore, a right hepatectomy was performed. Pathological examination revealed a pseudocyst containing a clot, which was consistent with CEH.

Conclusions
CEH rarely occurs in the liver; however, it is necessary to consider CEH when a slow-growing hepatic mass that shows a mosaic pattern on magnetic resonance imaging is found.