bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-loss, geometry-invariant optical waveguides with near-zero-index materials
Authors: Wang Danqing , Dong Kaichen , Li Jingang , Grigoropoulos Costas , Yao Jie , Hong Jin , Wu Junqiao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Optical materials with nearly zero refractive indices have driven emerging applications ranging from geometry-invariant optical tunneling, nonlinear optics, optical cloaking to thermal emission manipulation. In conventional dielectric photonic circuits, light scattering and back reflection at the waveguide bends and crossings leads to significant optical loss. Here we propose to use near-zero-index materials as a cladding layer for low-loss optical waveguides, where optical modes are tightly confined within the dielectric core region. Compared to conventional waveguides, the near-zero-index waveguides are superior in maintaining a high mode-filling factor for small device sizes close to the diffraction limit and reducing the crosstalk in between at a sub-wavelength separation. In addition, we found that light propagation is robust to waveguide bends in a small radius (∼µm) and geometry variation in the cross section. Hollow waveguides with near-zero-index cladding layers further support low-loss light propagation because materials absorption is minimized from the air core. Our work offers critical insights into future designs of low-loss and miniaturized photonic devices.
Graphene plasmons-enhanced terahertz response assisted by metallic gratings
Authors: Yu Anqi , Yang Zhenyu , Cai Miao , Zhang Huiping , Tian Zhengan , Guo Xuguang , Wang Lanxia , Balakin Alexei V. , Shkurinov Alexander P. , Zhu YiMing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Terahertz detectors based on two-dimensional Dirac materials offer a new approach for room-temperature terahertz detection with high response and low noise. However, these devices can hardly show high response over a broad frequency range, mainly due to the poor absorption caused by their ultrathin nature. Here we apply metallic gratings to enhance the excitation efficiency of graphene plasmons. When nonzero source-drain bias is applied, graphene plasmons can generate terahertz response orthogonal to the polarization of the incidence. The response is attributed to the orthogonal overdamped plasmon rectification effect, and graphene plasmons-enhanced photo-thermoelectric effect. By comparing the normalized on/off ratio, the metallic gratings are found to effectively enhance the coupling efficiency between graphene plasmons and THz incidence, and thus the absorption and responsivity. The results are beneficial for improving the response of room temperature THz detectors.
Copper decorated Ti3C2 nanosystem with NIR-II-induced GSH-depletion and reactive oxygen species generation for efficient nanodynamic therapy
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Shuang , Fang Xueyang , Miao Beiping , Wang Yujie , Liu Jiantao , Nie Guohui , Zhang Bin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nanodynamic therapy (NDT) based on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has been envisioned as an effective cancer treatment. However, the efficacy is limited by the hypoxia, insufficient hydrogen peroxide conversion, and high glutathione (GSH) levels in the tumor microenvironment (TME). To solve these issues, we proposed and designed a biocompatible, oxygen resistant Cu-modified Ti3C2 nanocomposite (Ti3C2-Cu-PEG), which can efficiently deplete the endogenous GSH in tumor cells, smartly respond to NIR-II light irradiation with in-depth tissue penetration to achieve photothermally enhanced tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) and catalytic therapy. Specifically, Ti3C2-Cu-PEG reacted with oxygen to produce singlet oxygen (1O2) under NIR-II irradiation, and catalyzed the highly expressed H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment to generate ·OH. In addition, Ti3C2-Cu-PEG significantly decreased intracellular GSH, reduced the chances of reaction between ROS and GSH, and thus promoting ROS effect. Moreover, the intrinsically high photothermal conversion efficiency of Ti3C2-Cu-PEG further promotes the NDT process. In vitro and in vivo experiments, the Ti3C2-Cu-PEG nanosystem showed excellent antitumor effect in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice by amplifying oxidative stress under NIR-II stimulation. This work highlights an easily synergistic nanosystem with remodeling TME and combined photothermal therapy to enhance the therapeutic effect of NDT in tumor therapy.
Analytical analysis for non-homogeneous two-layer functionally graded material
Authors: Dastjerdi Farhad Belalpour , Jabbari Mohsen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, the nonlinear analytical analysis of a two-layer geometry made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) is examined. FGMs can be used in various engineering applications, such as building materials in civil engineering, due to the advantages of smoothly varying properties. The equations of stresses and displacements in the radial and circumferential directions (r, θ ) have been found by extracting the governing equations and defining them in the form of power-exponential functions. In the present paper, modulus of elasticity and heat conductivity coefficient (except for Poisson’s coefficient) are assumed to be expressed by power-exponential functions in radial and circumferential coordinates. The temperature distribution is also considered as a function of radius (r) and angle (θ). The analysis is implemented based on the theory of small elastic deformations and with the assumption of a very large length in plane strain mode. To analyze the governing equations, first, the heat transfer equations are obtained, and then the Navier’s equations are derived by combining the stress–strain, strain–displacement, and stress equilibrium equations. Then, the displacement equations and stress equations are obtained by solving the Navier’s equations. A direct method is presented to solve these equations analytically.
The significance of participation in transcendence in Luther and Przywara
Authors: Alfsvåg Knut 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Plato and Aristotle understood phenomena to be knowable to the extent that they participate in the reality of the unchangeable, and this attitude was appropriated by the church fathers as a way of exploring the world’s dependence on its Creator. Luther’s insistence on the world’s sinfulness and on salvation as one-sidedly dependent on divine agency has been criticized as a rejection of this understanding of the inherent goodness of the world, thus paving the way for the secularized world view of modernity. Among these critics is Erich Przywara in his works up to and including his book Analogia Entis from 1932. However, in 1952 Przywara published an article where he found Luther’s theology of exchange to be a close parallel to his own doctrine of analogia entis, the implication being that Luther is closer to a Catholic understanding of the world’s relationship with God than mainstream post-Enlightenment Protestantism, and this article is an attempt to substantiate that claim.
Remoto homine
Authors: Klinge Hendrik 
Published: November 2022

Summary
With the current discussion about posthumanism, the traditional concept of man has become questionable. This also poses severe challenges for theology. In addition to theological anthropology, Christology is particularly affected by this. When it is no longer possible to answer unequivocally what it means to be human, it becomes even more controversial than before how the figure of the Deus-homo should be interpreted. The paper at hand presents a thought experiment in order to check whether it is possible to develop a Christology if one adopts central ideas of recent posthumanist scholarship. Taking Anselm’s famous remoto Christo argument as a model, the thought experiment avoids referring to the concept of man. After three major types of Christology haven been tested, the experiment yields the result that only a very abstract Christology is possible without resorting to explicitly anthropological assumptions. Rather, Christology can be seen as a reason why Christian theologians should reject posthumanism altogether. God has a human face, not a posthuman one.
Optimization technique based on cluster head selection algorithm for 5G-enabled IoMT smart healthcare framework for industry
Authors: Jaaz Zahraa A. , Ansari Mohd Dilshad , JosephNg P. S. , Gheni Hassan Muwafaq 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Internet of medical things (IoMT) communication has become an increasingly important component of 5G wireless communication networks in healthcare as a result of the rapid proliferation of IoMT devices. Under current network architecture, widespread access to IoMT devices causes system overload and low energy efficiency. 5G-based IoMT systems aim to protect healthcare infrastructure and medical device functionality for longer. Therefore, using energy-efficient communication protocols is essential for enhancing QoS in IoMT systems. Several methods have been developed recently to improve IoMT QoS; however, clustering is more popular because it provides energy efficiency for medical applications. The primary drawback of the existing clustering technique is that their communication model does not take into account the chance of packet loss, which results in unreliable communication and drains the energy of medical nodes. In this study, we concentrated on designing a clustering model named Whale optimized weighted fuzzy-based cluster head selection algorithm to facilitate successful communication for IoMT-based systems. The experimental study shows that the proposed strategy performs better in terms of QoS than compared approaches. Inferring from this, the proposed method not only reduces energy consumption levels of 5G-based IoMT systems but also uniformly distributes cluster-head over a network to improve QoS.
KORELASI POPULASI VIBRIO TERHADAP FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN PADA KOLAM PEMELIHARAAN LARVA UDANG VANNAMEI (Litopenaeus vannamei) DI SITUBONDO, INDONESIA
Authors: Puspitasari Indah , Mulyasari Cholifah Desi , Yudana IGP Gede Rumayasa 
Published: November 2022

Vibrio merupakan bakteri yang menyebabkan banyak penyakit pada budidaya udang. Monitoring kelimpahan Vibrio penting dilakukan sebagai tindakan pencegahan penyakit pada larva udang vannamei.. Perbedaan sistem manajemen kualitas air pada setiap kolam budidaya dapat berpengaruh kepada dinamika populasi Vibrio. Studi mengenai korelasi populasi Vibrio dengan faktor lingkungan pada tambak pemeliharaan larva udang vannamei telah dilakukan pada bulan Maret – Juni tahun 2018 di Situbondo, Jawa Timur Indonesia. Populasi Vibrio naik secara gradual seiring dengan pertumbuhan larva. Pada stadia larva PL6 mengalami penurunan saat pemberian probiotik kemudian naik kembali pada PL7 sampai dengan PL12. Total Vibrio memiliki korelasi positif yang signifikan (Spearman Correlation Test, P<0,05) dengan parameter kualitas air; NH4 (r=0,852), NH3 (r=0,679), Salinitas (r=0,565), dan NO2 (r= 0,453). Namun memiliki korelasi negative yang signifikan dengan pH (r=-0,478, P<0,05) dan koreasi tidak signifikan dengan Suhu (r=-0,02, P>0,05). Dari 20 sampel air terhitung jumlah rata-rata Vibrio pada media pembenihan adalah 0,15 CFU/mL, masih dalam rentang normal dalam kegiatan pembenihan udang vanname.
Kondisi Tutupan Terumbu Karang Dan Tingkat Prevalensi Penyakit Serta Gangguan Kesehatan Pada Berbagai Lifeforms Karang Di Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Rizqia Annisa , Sunarto Sunarto , Agung Muhammad Untung Kurnia , Riyantini Indah 
Published: November 2022

Terumbu karang merupakan ekosistem yang rentan terhadap gangguan dan kerusakan. Penyakit karang diduga sebagai penyebab utama terdegradasinya ekosistem terumbu karang yang dapat disebabkan oleh penurunan kualitas lingkungan perairan, sedimentasi, polusi, serta perubahan iklim. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah mengetahui prevalensi penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan karang serta hubungan antara jenis penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan dengan bentuk pertumbuhan karang yang ada di ekosistem termbu karang Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu. Pengamatan terhadap tutupan terumbu karang dilakukan menggunakan metode transek garis sepanjang 100m dan pengamatan penyakit karang dilakukan menggunakan metode transek sabuk 2,5x2,5 m sepanjang 100m. Data yang didapat berupa persen tutupan karang, prevalensi penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan karang, dan kelimpahan penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan karang. Hasil riset menunjukkan terumbu karang di Perairan Pulau Pramuka memiliki persentase tutupan karang hidup sebesar 20,65%-47,17% termasuk kedalam kategori rusak hingga sedang. Prevalensi penyakit karang Brown Band Disease sebesar 1%. Sementara prevalensi gangguan kesehatan Bleaching 27%, Competition Algae 6%, Competition Tunicate 11%. Fish Bite 11%, Growth Anomaly 8%, Pigmentation Response 8%, Sediment Damage 19%, dan Trematodiasis 4%. Bentuk pertumbuhan karang Massive lebih rentan terhadap gangguan kesehatan. Sementara itu, penyakit karang Brown Band Disease hanya ditemukan pada karang dengan bentuk pertumbuhan Branching.Kata kunci: Kondisi tutupan karang, Penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan karang, Pulau Pramuka
PUBLIC LAW CONTRACT IN GERMAN ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Authors: Lewandowski A. 
Published: November 2022

The article focuses on the public-law contract in German law. It considers the relationship between the public-law contract and the administrative act in the context of the principle of freedom of choice of form of action of the administrative authorities.
It analyses the legal basis of the public law contract. First of all, these covers § 54 of the Administrative Procedure Act as the central norm of the public law contract. Issues relating to the limitations in the enforcement of § 54 are also outlined. In addition, the constitutional background of the public contract is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the principle of lawfulness of government action and its two main components: the rule of law and the principle of compliance with the law, which have a varying impact on the public-law contract.
The article also considers the dual nature of public-law contracts, which is primarily due to the fact that the public-law contract itself is directly a figure of both procedural and substantive law.
Distinctive features of a public-law contract in the context of its differentiation from the other forms of implementation by administrative authorities of their powers are analyzed. First of all, it affects the administrative act on demand as the closest to the public-law contract type of its external manifestations.
The same applies to an administrative act with additional conditions, since it has misleading characteristics similar to a contractual relationship. The subject matter of the contract itself was analyzed as a decisive factor enabling it to be classed as a contract entered into in the field of public administrative law. The role of the theory of special law and its impact on the process of identifying the public law contract was examined. In this regard, the limping mutual contract as a special form of a public-law contract has been defused.
A special place in the article is given to the issues of terminology. It is concluded that Ukrainian administrative law has no analogues and similar approach not only to the question of classification but also to the correlation of the considered notions developed by German administrative law.
THE ISSUE ON DEVELOPMENT OF RIVER TRANSPORT IN LONGTERM PLANNING PROGRAM DOCUMENTS
Authors: Kuliiev A. Yu. , Gaverskyi V. V. 
Published: November 2022

The ways of updating the program legal support for the development of inland water (river) transport in Ukraine have been defined in the article. The significant potential of river mobility has been stated for ecologization of transport services. At the same time, the issue on taking operational measures is quite urgent to stimulate carriage on inland waterways, construction and rejuvenation of the fleet and the associated infrastructure, subsidizing the development of logistics and ensuring the necessary depths on the rivers, creating new working places and ensuring the safety of transportation of cargo and human lives in accordance with the international standards. The advantages of inland water transport are difficult to overestimate, but it has, in particular in Ukraine, a number of problems that must be solved immediately after the cessation of active hostilities and during post-war reconstruction. The relevance of the research topic is due to the development of normative basis for inland water transport in Ukraine and the formation of best practices of its administration and gradual entry into the system of the European river communications. The aim of the article is to develop proposals to improve the norms of program documents in the sphere of inland water transport in the context of the ongoing armed conflict and to obtain the status of a partner-participant in the Three Seas Initiative and a candidate member of the European Union by Ukraine. The use of the methods of formal-legal analysis and synthesis, scientific forecasting, observation and comparison allowed the authors to develop proposals to improve the legal regulation of the development of river transport in the norms of long-term planning documents for the development of the industry. It has been noted that these documents correspond to the general principles of the European legislation and environmental policy, which is actively implemented in the transport industry of the European Union. It has been offered a greater concretization of norms on customs regime of transshipment on internal water transport and participation of Ukraine in regional (European) infrastructure projects.
Language acquisition among infants born in carceral institutions in Algeria
Authors: El Ouchdi Ilhem Zoubida 
Published: November 2022

Every year, many children are born in prisons. It has, however, been established in previous studies that the environment where the child lives is a key element in the process of the child’s language acquisition. The present research work aims to discover the effects of the carceral institution on the process of the child’s language acquisition. To reach this goal, the present investigation takes place in two rehabilitation institutions in Algeria. It collects data through interviews with mothers and interview with psychologists. The data collected is analysed and the triangulation of results revealed that the prison environment affects the child’s language acquisition at the lexical level. Moreover, it deprives the child of different situations that would enable him to acquire language. This study recommends that the prison authorities should draw attention to the importance of the psycholinguistic aspect of this category of children by providing better conditions for better language development.
Keywords: Carceral institution, child, infants, language acquisition;
Reading comprehension of literary texts using a multimodal language–image approach
Authors: Leibrandt Isabella 
Published: November 2022

The importance of multimodal reading comprehension from multiple perspectives is particularly reflected in the theoretical work that has been published in recent times. Expanding the perspectives students use to make sense of these multimodal texts is an important part of comprehension instruction. The study focuses on the textual linking of language and image with the aim of promoting the textual productive and receptive use of images, assigning a relevant meaning to the image in the literary context of use, complementing the literary text with the visual message, integrating language and contextualised images and including them in the process of overall comprehension. The project presented here in the form of an experience report shows the results of and provides suggestions for the procedural application of a multimodal text–image approach to reading comprehension of a literary text. It is based on the reading of F. C. Delius' novel The Walk from Rostock to Syracuse. This text lends itself to being explored in a multimodal way, as it pre-supposes implicit knowledge that includes certain historical and cultural contextual references.
Keywords: Images, intertextuality, literacy, multimodality, reading comprehension
Forest plantations with Toona ciliata: impacts of managerial flexibility on economic viability
Authors: MUNIS Rafaele Almeida , CAMARGO Diego Aparecido , SIMÕES Danilo 
Published: November 2022

Forest plantations with Toona ciliata are presented as economically viable thanks to the suitability of their wood for high-quality niche products. However, this study verifies whether investment projects in T. ciliata plantations are economically viable with the incorporation of managerial flexibility. We apply technical-economic coefficients from T. ciliata forest plantations over a 15-year planning horizon, considering the investment project as an underlying asset and the price of wood as the only source of uncertainty. Using the Monte Carlo method, we model uncertainty to obtain project volatility, so that, using the Real Option Approach, managerial flexibility for deferral, expansion and abandonment is added to the underlying assets. Based on the traditional economic valuation methodology, we obtained a static net present value of USD 5,075, which reflects the economic viability of the investment project in T. ciliata forest plantations. Due to the uncertainty arising from timber prices, project volatility was 131.7%. Afterwards, it was found that incorporating the deferral and abandonment options added a premium of USD 2,147 to the value of the project, redirecting it towards an expanded net present value of USD 7,223. Incorporation of the real deferral and abandonment options provides flexibility and support for the decision-making process in the management of T. ciliata forest plantations, resulting in a 42.3% increase in the value of the investment project.