bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Plasmodium falciparum infection status in blood using a multiplexed bead-based antigen detection assay and machine learning approaches
Authors: Schmedes Sarah E. , Dimbu Rafael P. , Steinhardt Laura , Lemoine Jean F. , Chang Michelle A. , Plucinski Mateusz , Rogier Eric 
Published: September 2022

Background
Plasmodium blood-stage infections can be identified by assaying for protein products expressed by the parasites. While the binary result of an antigen test is sufficient for a clinical result, greater nuance can be gathered for malaria infection status based on quantitative and sensitive detection of Plasmodium antigens and machine learning analytical approaches.

Methods
Three independent malaria studies performed in Angola and Haiti enrolled persons at health facilities and collected a blood sample. Presence and parasite density of P. falciparum infection was determined by microscopy for a study in Angola in 2015 (n = 193), by qRT-PCR for a 2016 study in Angola (n = 208), and by qPCR for a 2012–2013 Haiti study (n = 425). All samples also had bead-based detection and quantification of three Plasmodium antigens: pAldolase, pLDH, and HRP2. Decision trees and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted in attempt to categorize P. falciparum parasitemia density status based on continuous antigen concentrations.

Results
Conditional inference trees were trained using the known P. falciparum infection status and corresponding antigen concentrations, and PCR infection status was predicted with accuracies ranging from 73–96%, while level of parasite density was predicted with accuracies ranging from 59–72%. Multiple decision nodes were created for both pAldolase and HRP2 antigens. For all datasets, dichotomous infectious status was more accurately predicted when compared to categorization of different levels of parasite densities. PCA was able to account for a high level of variance (>80%), and distinct clustering was found in both dichotomous and categorical infection status.

Conclusions
This pilot study offers a proof-of-principle of the utility of machine learning approaches to assess P. falciparum infection status based on continuous concentrations of multiple Plasmodium antigens.
A single-center retrospective cohort study of perioperative systemic chemotherapy in diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma
Authors: Wang Xiao , Katz Sharyn , Miura John , Karakousis Giorgos , Roshkovan Leonid , Walker Suzanne , McNulty Sally , Ciunci Christine , Cengel Keith , Langer Corey J. , Marmarelis Melina E. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM) is a rare variant of malignant mesothelioma, representing 10–15% of malignant mesothelioma cases. The preferred therapeutic approach is cytoreductive surgery (CRS) accompanied by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC); the role of systemic chemotherapy is not well established. While some limited retrospective studies report worse outcomes with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, our institution has favored the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for symptom relief and surgical optimization. The aim of our study was to assess the outcomes of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, compared to those receiving adjuvant or no perioperative chemotherapy.

Patients and methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of treatment-naïve, non-papillary DMPM patients seen at our institution between 1/1/2009 and 9/1/2019. We explored the effect of type of systemic therapy on clinical outcomes and estimated median overall survival (mOS) using Kaplan-Meier curves. Hazard ratios (HR) calculated by Cox proportional hazard model were used to estimate effect of the exposures on overall survival.

Results
47 patients were identified with DMPM (median age at diagnosis 61.2 years, 76.6% epithelioid histology, 74.5% white race, 55.3% known asbestos exposure). CRS was performed in 53.2% of patients (25/47); 76.0% of surgical patients received HIPEC (19/25). The majority received systemic chemotherapy (37/47, 78.7%); among patients receiving both CRS and chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was more common than adjuvant chemotherapy (12 neoadjuvant, 8 adjuvant). Overall mOS was 84.1 months. Among neoadjuvant patients, 10/12 underwent surgery, and 2 were lost to follow-up; the majority (9/10) had clinically stable or improved disease during the pre-operative period. There were numerical more issues with chemotherapy with the adjuvant patients (4/8: 2 switches in platinum agent, 2 patients stopped therapy) than with the neoadjuvant patients (2/10: 1 switch in platinum agent, 1 delay due to peri-procedural symptoms). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with worse mOS compared to adjuvant chemotherapy (mOS NR vs 95.1 mo, HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.18–4.5, p = 0.89).

Conclusions
When used preferentially, the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in DMPM patients was not associated with worse outcomes compared to adjuvant chemotherapy. It was well-tolerated and did not prevent surgical intervention.
Preferences of oral nutritional supplement therapy among postoperative patients with gastric cancer: Attributes development for a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Wang Qiuchen , Chen Yahong , Peng Yi , Yuan Hua , Chen Zhiming , Wang Jia , Xue Hui , Zhang Xiuying 
Published: September 2022

Background
Adherence to oral nutritional supplement therapy among postoperative patients with gastric cancer is low. There is little knowledge about patients’ priorities and needs regarding oral nutritional supplement therapy. The discrete choice experiment is an innovative method used to elicit patients’ preferences. Good practice guidelines emphasize that the development of attributes and levels is a fundamentally important process.

Objective
To comprehensively describe the identification, refinement, and selection of attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment.

Methods
A mixed-methods approach, consisting of three consecutive steps: a literature review, in-depth interviews, and focus groups. First, the literature review allowed quick identification of attributes and levels. Then, 15 in-depth interviews were conducted to gather a rich description of the experience of patients taking oral nutritional supplements after gastrectomy and to verify and enrich the attributes and levels list. Finally, four focus group participants discussed the wording of the attributes and levels and reduced the number of attributes to manageable numbers through voting ranking methods.

Results
Following the literature review and qualitative data collection, eight attributes were finally generated, each with two to three levels. The following attributes were included: 1) information provider; 2) health guidance approach; 3) adverse reactions; 4) flavor; 5) follow-up method; 6) follow-up frequency; 7) psychological support; 8) cost. These attributes covered the important attributes of nutritional preparations and health guidance included in ONS therapy that were relevant to patients.

Conclusions
This study’s mixed-methods approach has been found highly suitable to identify, refine and select attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment. The three methods have pros and cons, and they complement each other, especially the analysis of qualitative data led to a deeper and broader understanding of attributes and levels.
Telemedicine management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese and overweight young and middle-aged patients during COVID-19 outbreak: A single-center, prospective, randomized control study
Authors: Yin Wenwen , Liu Yawen , Hu Hao , Sun Jin , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Zhaoling 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic severely affected the disease management of patients with chronic illnesses such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to assess the effect of telemedicine management of diabetes in obese and overweight young and middle-aged patients with T2DM during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA single-center randomized control study was conducted in 120 obese or overweight (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 24 kg/m2) young and middle-aged patients (aged 18–55 years) with T2DM. Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention (telemedicine) or control (conventional outpatient clinic appointment) group. After baseline assessment, they were home isolated for 21 days, received diet and exercise guidance, underwent glucose monitoring, and followed up for 6 months. Glucose monitoring and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores were evaluated at 22 days and at the end of 3 and 6 months.ResultsNinety-nine patients completed the 6-month follow-up (intervention group: n = 52; control group: n = 47). On day 22, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05), and the control group’s SDS increased significantly compared with the baseline value (p < 0.05). At the end of 3 months, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and FBG levels in the intervention group decreased significantly compared with those in the control group (p < 0.01). At the end of 6 months, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in postprandial blood glucose, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels as well as waist-to-hip ratio compared with the control group (p < 0.05); moreover, the intervention group showed lower SDS scores than the baseline value (p < 0.05). Further, the intervention group showed a significant reduction in BMI compared with the control group at the end of 3 and 6 months (p < 0.01).ConclusionTelemedicine is a beneficial strategy for achieving remotely supervised blood glucose regulation, weight loss, and depression relief in patients with T2DM.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT04723550.
Challenges and coping mechanisms among women living with unrepaired obstetric fistula in Ethiopia: A phenomenological study
Authors: Hurissa Bekana Fekecha , Koricha Zewdie Birhanu , Dadi Lelisa Sena 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Obstetric fistula remains a debilitating complication of childbirth and maternal morbidity in developing countries. Few studies document the challenges and coping mechanisms among women living with obstetric fistula in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the challenges and coping mechanisms among women with obstetric fistula in Ethiopia.

Methods
A phenomenological study was employed among purposively selected eleven women with obstetric fistula and three key informants at five fistula treatment centers in Ethiopia. An in-depth interview was conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed into a Microsoft Word document. The transcripts were imported into Atlas. ti version 8.4 for thematic analyses.

Results
Painful social life, consequences of fistula, and coping mechanisms with fistula problems were the main themes in this study. Difficult social life, stigma, discrimination, impaired marital status; psychological, physical, sexual, and reproductive health problems were the major challenges for women with obstetric fistulas. Women with fistulas used coping mechanisms such as—going to spiritual sites and drinking alcohol to cope with their fistula disease; separating themselves from community participation and living alone in the forest to cope with a painful social life; restricting the amount of drinking water and wearing many clothes at a time to cope with wetness and odors, and allowing their husband to marry a new wife to cope with the impaired marital responsibilities.

Conclusion
Women with obstetric fistulas encountered challenges such as a painful social life, impaired marital status, psychological, physical, sexual, and reproductive health problems; and used coping mechanisms with their fistula condition, difficult social life, and impaired marital responsibility that may have an added negative effect on their overall health. Therefore, policymakers need to prioritize the availability and early utilization of obstetric fistula surgery in all settings for all women living with obstetric fistulas to restore their holistic health.
Effects of an obesogenic diet on the oviduct depend on the duration of feeding
Authors: Moorkens Kerlijne , Leroy Jo L. M. R. , Verheyen Sara , Marei Waleed F. A. 
Published: September 2022

Research question
How long does it take for an obesogenic (high-fat/high-sugar, HF/HS) diet to influence the oviductal microenvironment? What are the affected cellular pathways and are they dependent on the genetic background of the mouse model?

Design
Female Swiss (outbred) and C57BL/6N (B6, inbred) mice were fed either a control (10% fat) or HF/HS (60% fat, 20% fructose) diet. Body weight was measured weekly. Mice were sacrificed at 3 days (3d), 1 week (1w), 4w, 8w, 12w and 16w on the diet (n = 5 per treatment per time point). Total cholesterol concentrations and inflammatory cytokines were measured in serum. Oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) were used to study the expression of genes involved in (mitochondrial) oxidative stress (OS), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation using qPCR.

Results
Body weight and blood cholesterol increased significantly in the HF/HS mice in both strains compared to controls. In Swiss mice, HF/HS diet acutely increased ER-stress and OS-related genes in the OECs already after 3d. Subsequently, mitochondrial and cytoplasmic antioxidants were upregulated and ER-stress was alleviated at 1w. After 4-8w (mid-phase), the expression of ER-stress and OS-related genes was increased again and persisted throughout the late-phase (12-16w). Serum inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory marker-gene expression in the OECs were increased only in the late-phase. Some of the OEC stress responses were stronger or earlier in the B6.

Conclusions
OECs are sensitive to an obesogenic diet and may exhibit acute stress responses already after a few days of feeding. This may impact the oviductal microenvironment and contribute to diet-induced subfertility.
Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and diverticulitis in older adults
Authors: Song Bong Kil , Saavedra Joey M. , Lefferts Elizabeth C. , Brellenthin Angelique G. , Lee Duck-chul 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
Examine the independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index (BMI) with the prevalence of diverticulitis in older adults.

Methods
476 older adults (61% Female; 71 ± 5 years) with no history of myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or diabetes were included in this cross-sectional study. Diverticulitis cases were identified by self-reported physician diagnosis from the medical history questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the prevalence of diverticulitis by tertiles of CRF and BMI category. CRF and BMI were further dichotomized into either “unfit” (the lowest one-third of CRF), “fit” (the upper two-thirds of CRF), “overweight/obese” (BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2), or “normal-weight” (BMI <25.0 kg/m2) to investigate the joint association of CRF and BMI with diverticulitis.

Results
Thirty-five (7.4%) participants were identified as having diverticulitis. Compared with the lowest CRF tertile, the ORs (95% CIs) of diverticulitis were 0.52 (0.22–1.22) and 0.33 (0.12–0.94) in the middle and upper CRF tertiles, respectively, after adjusting for potential confounders. After further adjustment for BMI, the association was no longer significant with ORs (95% CIs) of 0.55 (0.23–1.33) and 0.37 (0.12–1.10) in middle and upper CRF tertiles, respectively. Compared with the normal-weight group, the ORs (95% CIs) of diverticulitis were 2.86 (1.05–7.79) and 2.98 (0.95–9.35) in the overweight and obese groups, respectively, after adjusting for possible confounders and CRF. Compared with the “unfit and overweight/obese” group in the joint analysis, the OR (95% CI) of diverticulitis was 0.16 (0.04–0.61) in the “fit and normal-weight” group.

Conclusions
Older adults who maintain higher CRF and lower BMI may have significantly lower odds of diverticulitis, with the lowest odds found in the normal-weight and fit older adults.
Kewenangan Direktorat Jenderal Bea Dan Cukai Kantor Pengawasan Dan Pelayanan Bea Dan Cukai Tipe Madya Pabean Tanjung Emas Dalam Pelayanan Pengembalian Barang Tegahan
Authors: Ghassani Nadya Fairuz , Santoso Budi , Prabandari Adya Paramita 
Published: September 2022

Law enforcement is absolutely necessary in order to protect the rights of the people so as to create justice for legal protection. This article discusses the mechanism for returning imported goods and the obstacles faced by customs and excise officers at the Supervision and Service Office of Customs and Excise Type Madya Tanjung Emas, Semarang City. The method used in this article is empirical juridical method, namely by conducting research in the field on the application of state administrative law, authority in the service of returned goods stored. The analysis of the research results was processed using the descriptive analysis method. In the discussion of this article, it is known that the process of preventing imported goods is carried out starting from inspection and enforcement. Furthermore, the goods are grouped into 2 types, namely goods that are auctioned off and destroyed. There are problems faced in the enforcement process, namely the lack of adequate supporting facilities and facilities, limited storage space to accommodate the goods being intercepted, requires a long process and time, and the lack of knowledge of the owners of the goods being prevented about the types of goods that can be sent into abroad through POS Indonesia.Keywords: authority; customs and excise; tegahan goodsAbstrakPenegakan hukum mutlak diperlukan guna melindungi hak-hak masyarakat sehingga tercipta keadilan perlindungan hukum. Artikel ini membahas tentang mekanisme pengembalian barang tegahan barang import dan kendala yang dihadapi oleh petugas bea dan cukai di Kantor Pengawasan dan Pelayanan Bea dan Cukai Tipe Madya Pabean Tanjung Emas Kota Semarang. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah yuridis empiris yaitu dengan melakukan penelitian di lapangan atas penerapan hukum administrasi negara, kewenangan dalam pelayanan pengembalian barang tegahan. Analisis hasil penelitian diolah menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Pembahasan artikel ini diketahui bahwa proses penegahan barang impor dilakukaan mulai dari pemeriksaan dan penegahan. Selanjutnya barang dikelompokkan menjadi 2 jenis yaitu barang yang dilelang dan dimusnahkan. Terdapat persoalan yang dihadapi dalam proses penegahan tersebut, yaitu kurangnya sarana dan fasilitas pendukung yang memadai, terbatasnya tempat penyimpanan untuk menampung barang yang ditegah, membutuhkan proses dan waktu cukup lama, dan minimnya pengetahuan pemilik barang yang ditegah tentang jenis barang yang dapat dikirim ke dalam/luar negeri melalui POS Indonesia. kewenangan; bea dan cukai; barang tegahanKata kunci: kewenangan; bea dan cukai; barang tegahan
Peran Kode Etik Notaris Dalam Membangun Integritas Notaris Di Era 4.0
Authors: Prasetyawati Betty Ivana , Prananingtyas Paramita 
Published: September 2022

A Notary is a public official that has the authority to create authentic deeds and other powers as referred in Act No. 2 of 2014. In the world of notaries, the notary standards of ethics have been described in the notary code of ethics determined by the Indonesian Notary Association and must be obeyed by all notaries concerned. These codes of conduct should be the self-regulation of the profession and its implementation. The start of the industrial revolution 4.0 brought many changes to the world. Ministry of industry on a large and comprehensive scale to create a business that processes simpler, faster, easier, and cheaper to Making Indonesia 4.0 become a reality. Notaries are expected to actively participate in the licensing service process that is integrated electronically, or can be called as Online Single Submission (OSS). The urgency of reforming the code of ethics for the professional posititon of a notary as the practice of Indonesian notary in the industrial revolution 4.0 era, for the sake of creating notaries who have high integrity and morality to carry out their duties.Keywords : Notary; Code of Ethics; 4.0 Era AbstrakNotaris merupakan pejabat umum yang berwenang untuk membuat akta otentik dan kewenangan lainnya, sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014.Di dalam dunia kenotariatan standar etik Notaris telah dijabarkan dalam Kode Etik Notaris yang ditentukan oleh Ikatan Notaris Indonesia (INI) dan wajib dipatuhi oleh segenap Notaris.Kode Etik harus menjadi self-regulation dari profesi dan pelaksanaannya. Dimulainya revolusi industry 4.0 membawa banyak perubahan bagi dunia, Kementrian Perindustrian secara besar-besaran dan menyeluruh membuat business process menjadi lebih sederhana, cepat, mudah dan murah demi mewujudkan Making Indonesia 4. Para notaris diharapkan berpartisipasi aktif dalam proses pelayanan perizinan yang terintegrasi secara elektronik, atau online single submission (OSS). Urgensi pembaharuan kode etik jabatan notaris bagi praktik kenotariatan Indonesia di era 4.0 demi terciptanya notaris yang memiliki integritas dan moralitas yang tinggi dalam menjalankan tugas jabatannya.Kata Kunci : Notaris; Kode Etik; Era 4.0
Analisis Yuridis Permasalahan Pembuatan Akta Otentik Oleh Notaris/PPAT (Analisis Terhadap Putusan Nomor 210/Pid.B/2018/Pn.Smg)
Authors: Arimbi Sesaria , Handoko Widhi 
Published: September 2022

The legal action of making a sale and purchase deed (AJB) must meet the requirements in the form of a photocopy of the family card, identity card, land and building tax, certificate, marriage certificate and husband and wife approval. Such conditions must be fulfilled in order for a deed to be authentic. Decision Number 210/Pid.B/2018/PN.Smg did not fulfill the presence of Tumiyem and her husband as the party entitled to the land and gave signatures in the making of the AJB made by Notary/PPAT SUGIHARTO. This research used socio-legal method by examining in depth various facts for problem solving in this research. The research specification used is descriptive analytical, data and facts obtained, then described descriptively and systematically. The data used are primary and secondary data. The absence of the parties and the not reading the deed by the Notary / PPAT in the drafting of the AJB resulted in the deed losing its authenticity and could become the basis for the claim of the injured party because there is no guarantee of legal certainty of the party entitled to the land.Keywords : authentic; deed of sale and purchase; loss.AbstrakPerbuatan hukum pembuatan akta jual beli (AJB) harus memenuhi syarat-syarat berupa foto copy KTP, KK, PBB, sertifikat, Surat Nikah dan persetujuan Suami Istri. Syarat-syarat demikian harus dipenuhi agar suatu akta dinyatakan otentik. Putusan Nomor 210/Pid.B/2018/PN.Smg ini tidak memenuhi kehadiran Tumiyem dan suaminya selaku pihak yang berhak atas tanah dan memberikan tanda tangan dalam pembuatan AJB yang dibuat oleh Notaris/PPAT SUGIHARTO.. Jenis penelitian menggunakan Socio legal research dengan cara memeriksa secara mendalam berbagai fakta untuk pemecahan masalah dalam tesis ini. Spesifikasi penelitian yang dipakai ialah deskriptif analitis, data dan fakta-fakta yang diperoleh, kemudian diuraikan secara deskriptif dan tersistematis. Adapun data yang digunakan yakni data primer, dan data sekunder.Ketidakhadiran pihak dan tidak dibacakannya akta oleh Notaris/PPAT dalam pembuatan AJB mengakibatkan akta kehilangan sifat otentiknya dan bisa saja menjadi dasar gugatan pihak yang dirugikan karena tidak adanya jaminan kepastian hukum pihak yang berhak atas tanah itu.Kata kunci : otentik; akta jual beli; kerugian.