bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TREM-1 is required for enhanced OpZ-induced superoxide generation following priming
Authors: Murthy Shubha , Baruah Sankar , Bowen Jayden L , Keck Kathy , Wagner Brett A , Buettner Garry R , Sykes David B , Klesney-Tait Julia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInflammatory agents, microbial products, or stromal factors pre-activate or prime neutrophils to respond to activating stimuli in a rapid and aggressive manner. Primed neutrophils exhibit enhanced chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and respiratory burst when stimulated by secondary activating stimuli. We previously reported that Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) mediates neutrophil effector functions such as increased superoxide generation, transepithelial migration, and chemotaxis. However, it is unclear whether TREM-1 is required for the process of priming itself or for primed responses to subsequent stimulation. To investigate this, we utilized in vitro and in vivo differentiated neutrophils that were primed with TNF-α and then stimulated with the particulate agonist, opsonized zymosan (OpZ). Bone marrow progenitors isolated from WT and Trem-1–/– mice were transduced with estrogen regulated Homeobox8 (ER-Hoxb8) fusion transcription factor and differentiated in vitro into neutrophils following estrogen depletion. The resulting neutrophils expressed high levels of TREM-1 and resembled mature in vivo differentiated neutrophils. The effects of priming on phagocytosis and oxidative burst were determined. Phagocytosis did not require TREM-1 and was not altered by priming. In contrast, priming significantly enhanced OpZ-induced oxygen consumption and superoxide production in WT but not Trem-1–/– neutrophils indicating that TREM-1 is required for primed oxidative burst. TREM-1-dependent effects were not mediated during the process of priming itself as priming enhanced degranulation, ICAM-1 shedding, and IL-1ß release to the same extent in WT and Trem-1–/- neutrophils. Thus, TREM-1 plays a critical role in primed phagocytic respiratory burst and mediates its effects following priming.
Pan-cancer analysis of GALNTs expression identifies a prognostic of GALNTs feature in low grade glioma
Authors: Mao Chengzhou , Zhuang Shi-Min , Xia Zijin , Xiao Zhi-Wen , Huang Chun-Xia , Su Qiang , Chen Jun , Liao Jing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts), a group of isoenzymes that initiate mucin-type O-glycosylation, have been shown to mediate tumor growth and metastasis in various cancer types. However, data on the clinical significance and features of GalNAc-Ts remain scant. Here, we used Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases to analyze the transcription and survival effect of GALNTs (N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase genes) in pan-cancer. The data showed that the GALNTs were aberrantly expressed in various human cancers and significantly associated with patients’ clinical outcomes. The expression of 13 GALNTs were correlated with prognosis in brain low grade glioma (LGG) patients. In addition, based on the expression profiles of GALNT family genes in TCGA-LGG dataset, we identified 2 molecular subtypes (cluster1/2) by consensus clustering and analyzed tumor heterogeneity. Our results demonstrated that cluster 2 group was associated with poor prognosis, CD8+ T cells, macrophages and DCs infiltration, up-regulated expression of immune checkpoints, and higher tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion score, indicating that GalNAc-Ts might contribute to tumor immune escape. Furthermore, we employed LASSO regression and time-dependent ROC analysis to construct a GALNTs-related prognostic signature with the TCGA-LGG dataset, and then validated the signature using 2 external cohorts. Taken together, our study successfully developed a novel prognostic biomarker for LGG and provides a basis for personalized immunotherapy in brain cancer.
Comparison of Four‐Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis of Left Ventricular Fluid Dynamics and Energetics in Ischemic and Restrictive Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Riva Alessandra , Sturla Francesco , Pica Silvia , Camporeale Antonia , Tondi Lara , Saitta Simone , Caimi Alessandro , Giese Daniel , Palladini Giovanni , Milani Paolo , Castelvecchio Serenella , Menicanti Lorenzo , Redaelli Alberto , Lombardi Massimo , Votta Emiliano 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundTime‐resolved three‐directional velocity‐encoded (4D flow) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the quantification of left ventricular (LV) intracavitary fluid dynamics and energetics, providing mechanistic insight into LV dysfunctions. Before becoming a support to diagnosis and patient stratification, this analysis should prove capable of discriminating between clearly different LV derangements.PurposeTo investigate the potential of 4D flow in identifying fluid dynamic and energetics derangements in ischemic and restrictive LV cardiomyopathies.Study TypeProspective observational study.PopulationTen patients with post‐ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), 10 patients with cardiac light‐chain cardiac amyloidosis (AL‐CA), and 10 healthy controls were included.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T/balanced steady‐state free precession cine and 4D flow sequences.AssessmentFlow was divided into four components: direct flow (DF), retained inflow, delayed ejection flow, and residual volume (RV). Demographics, LV morphology, flow components, global and regional energetics (volume‐normalized kinetic energy [KEV] and viscous energy loss [ELV]), and pressure‐derived hemodynamic force (HDF) were compared between the three groups.Statistical TestsIntergroup differences in flow components were tested by one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA); differences in energetic variables and peak HDF were tested by two‐way ANOVA. A P‐value of <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsICM patients exhibited the following statistically significant alterations vs. controls: reduced KEV, mostly in the basal region, in systole (−44%) and in diastole (−37%); altered flow components, with reduced DF (−33%) and increased RV (+26%); and reduced basal–apical HDF component on average by 63% at peak systole. AL‐CA patients exhibited the following alterations vs. controls: significantly reduced KEV at the E‐wave peak in the basal segment (−34%); albeit nonstatistically significant, increased peaks and altered time‐course of the HDF basal–apical component in diastole and slightly reduced HDF components in systole.Data ConclusionThe analysis of multiple 4D flow‐derived parameters highlighted fluid dynamic alterations associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunctions in ICM and AL‐CA patients, respectively.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage3
Role of genetic variants and host polymorphisms on COVID‐19: From viral entrance mechanisms to immunological reactions
Authors: Adli Abolfazl , Rahimi Mandana , Khodaie Reza , Hashemzaei Niloofar , Hosseini Sayed M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by a highly pathogenic emerging virus, is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of this virus is in infancy; however, investigation on the pathogenic mechanisms of the SARS‐CoV‐2 is underway. In COVID‐19, one of the most remarkable characteristics is the wide range of disease manifestation and severity seen across individuals of different ethnic backgrounds and geographical locations. To effectively manage COVID‐19 in the populations, beyond SARS‐CoV‐2 detection, serological response assessment, and analytic techniques, it is critical to obtain knowledge about at‐risk individuals and comprehend the identified variations in the disease's severity in general and also in the populations' levels. Several factors can contribute to variation in disease presentation, including population density, gender and age differences, and comorbid circumstances including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. Genetic factors presumably influence SARS‐CoV‐2 infection susceptibility. Besides this, COVID‐19 has also been linked with a higher risk of mortality in men and certain ethnic groups, revealing that host genetic characteristics may affect the individual risk of death. Also, genetic variants involved in pathologic processes, including virus entrance into cells, antiviral immunity, and inflammatory response, are not entirely understood. Regarding SARS‐CoV‐2 infection characteristics, the present review suggests that various genetic polymorphisms influence virus pathogenicity and host immunity, which might have significant implications for understanding and interpreting the matter of genetics in SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenicity and customized integrative medical care based on population investigation.
The positive potential of presenteeism: An exploration of how presenteeism leads to good performance evaluation
Authors: Wang Mengyuan , Lu Chang‐qin , Lu Luo 
Published: January 2022

SummaryThe presenteeism literature to date has largely focused on the negative aspects of presenteeism. Little is known about the potential functional or positive aspects of presenteeism. Drawing on the social cognitive framework of presenteeism, we examined the positive effects of presenteeism on performance evaluation in the context of high work demands. Across two experimental scenario studies (Studies 1a and 2) and two time‐lagged field studies (Studies 1b and 3), we found that presenteeism was beneficial for employees' performance evaluations, especially under high work demands. Furthermore, we found that employees' affective commitment explained why presenteeism had a positive effect on performance evaluations under high work demands. Building on trait activation theory, we further demonstrate that proactive coping employees were more likely to be activated to commit presenteeism and to subsequently attained better job performance under high work demands. Taken together, our results illustrate when and why presenteeism can lead to better performance evaluations, as well as who may benefit from the act of presenteeism. These findings elucidate the functional or “good” aspects of presenteeism. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Effect of periacetabular osteotomy on the distribution pattern of subchondral bone mineral density in patients with hip dysplasia
Authors: Shimizu Tomohiro , Takahashi Daisuke , Nakamura Yumejiro , Miyazaki Takuji , Yokota Shunichi , Ishizu Hotaka , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite the availability of long‐term follow‐up data, the effect of pelvic osteotomy on the natural history of osteoarthritis is not yet fully understood, partly because there is untapped potential for radiographs to better describe osteoarthritis. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the distribution of subchondral bone mineral density (BMD) across the acetabulum in patients with hip dysplasia immediately (2 weeks) and 1 year after undergoing periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). To that end, we reviewed 40 hips from 33 patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip who underwent PAO between January 2016 and July 2019 at our institution. We measured subchondral BMD through the articular surface of the acetabulum using computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry, dividing the distribution map into nine segments. We then compared the subchondral BMD between 2 weeks and 1 year after PAO in each area. At 2 weeks after PAO, the high‐density area tended to be localized particularly in the lateral part of the acetabulum, whereas 1 year after PAO, the high‐density area moved to the central and lateral parts. The percentage ratios of the subchondral BMD for the central–posterior, lateral–central, and lateral–posterior areas relative to the central–central area were significantly decreased at 1 year after PAO, as compared to those at 2 weeks after PAO. These findings suggest that loading was altered by PAO to be more similar to physiological loading. A long follow‐up observational study is warranted to confirm the association between early changes in subchondral BMD by PAO and joint degeneration.
Cartilage contact characteristics of the knee during gait in individuals with obesity
Authors: Li Jing‐Sheng , Tsai Tsung‐Yuan , Clancy Margaret M. , Lewis Cara L. , Felson David T. , Li Guoan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObesity increases the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Knee joint contact characteristics have been thought to provide insights into the pathogenesis of knee OA; however, the cartilage contact characteristics in individuals with obesity have not been fully described. We conducted cartilage‐to‐cartilage contact analyses through high‐precision fluoroscopy imaging with subject‐specific magnetic resonance cartilage models. Twenty‐five individuals with obesity were recruited for this study, and previously published data consisted of eight nonobese individuals who were used as the comparator group. In both groups, knees were imaged by a dual fluoroscopic imaging system during treadmill walking, and the tibiofemoral cartilage contact locations were analyzed and described on the tibial plateau in the medial−lateral (ML) and anterior−posterior (AP) directions and on femoral condyle surfaces using contact angles in the sagittal plane and deviation angles in a plane perpendicular to the sagittal plane. On the medial tibial plateau, the ML contact locations in the individuals with obesity were located more medially than in the nonobese group throughout the stance phase. The medial plateau AP contact locations in individuals with obesity showed a different pattern compared with the nonobese group. The ML contact excursions on the medial plateau in the individuals with obesity were larger than in the nonobese group. These findings suggest that obesity affects the contact location mainly in the medial compartment, which explains, in part, the high prevalence of medial knee OA in the obese population.
3D Printing Tannic Acid‐Based Gels via Digital Light Processing
Authors: Li Ning , Xiang Zuojia , Rong Youjie , Zhu Lisheng , Huang Xiaobo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotocurable 3D printing of polyphenol‐based gels has been limited by the catechol groups, which can scavenge free radicals generated by photoinitiators during photopolymerization. Herein, a 3D‐printed gel composed of poly‐acrylamide (PAM) and tannic acid (TA) is presented, fabricated by using glycerol as shielding of TA and a commercial digital light processing printer. The printed gels are based on a polymeric network interpenetrated by TA‐glycerol, enabling the printed objects with various favorable properties, such as improved toughness, anti‐dehydration, antioxidant and antibacterial properties, etc. The proposed strategy enables photocurable 3D printing of polyphenol‐based gels with complex architecture, paving the way for future applications in various fields, ranging from soft wearable devices to tissue engineering.
Polymer‐based nanocomposites fabricated by microemulsion method
Authors: Salabat Alireza , Mirhoseini Farid 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNanocomposites have been introduced as organized and engineering structures with high‐performance and unique physical and chemical properties. Polymer‐based nanocomposites, containing different nanoparticles and polymers, have been extensively considered in various industries especially for medical, energy, and environmental applications. The physical, chemical and mechanical properties of nanocomposites are extremely related to the particle size, size distribution and also homogeneity of the fillers. Obviously, these characteristics of the nanocomposites are straightly depending on preparation methods. Based on the literature survey, various chemical methods are used to prepare nanocomposite materials. The chemical preparation methods include sol–gel, in‐situ polymerization, intercalation, exfoliation, solution mixing process, melt mixing process, microemulsion, and so on. As an interesting research field, that is our favorite, for the first time the use of microemulsion method for synthesis of polymer‐based nanocomposites by microemulsion systems have been reviewed. Moreover, recently some ionic liquid‐based microemulsion systems have been introduced as a new microemulsion route for nanocomposites preparation. The microemulsion method as a novel route is believed to have potential for obtaining monodisperse and homogeneous engineering nanocomposites
The impact of using creative drama in the delivery of Body Safety Training Programs for preschool children on preventing sexual abuse in Turkey
Authors: Citak Tunc Gulseren , Yavas Halil 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe study focuses on the impact of the creative drama method on child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention program in Turkey. A pretest–posttest experimental design with a control group was used in the study. The research was carried out with a total of 72 preschool children aged 3–6 years. Data were collected by What If Situations Test (WIST). A creative drama activity was conducted for the experimental group before training. Body Safety Training (BST) was used in both groups. The average WIST posttest scores were statistically significantly higher compared to pretest scores for the children in both groups (p < .05). A comparison of pretest and posttest assessment found that there was no statistically significant difference (p > .05) between the two groups in regard to the WIST assessment averages. BST Program has a positive impact on increasing personal safety skills when implemented together with creative drama activities.
Arabidopsis CIA2 and CIL have distinct and overlapping functions in regulating chloroplast and flower development
Authors: Yang Chun‐Yen , Yan Wen‐You , Chang Hsin‐Yen , Sun Chih‐Wen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractArabidopsis CHLOROPLAST IMPORT APPARATUS 2 (CIA2) and its paralogous protein CIA2‐LIKE (CIL) are nuclear transcription factors containing a C‐terminal CCT motif. CIA2 promotes the expression of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast‐localized translocons and ribosomal proteins, thereby increasing the efficiency of protein import and synthesis in chloroplasts. We have previously reported that CIA2 and CIL form a homodimer or heterodimer through their C‐terminal sequences and interact with other nuclear proteins, such as CONSTANS (CO), via their N‐terminal sequences, but the function of CIL had remained unclear. In this study, we verified through transgenic cia2 mutant plants expressing the CIL coding sequence that CIL is partially functionally redundant to CIA2 during vegetative growth. We also compared phenotypes and gene expression profiles of wildtype Col‐0, cia2, cil, and cia2/cil mutants. Our results indicate that CIA2 and CIL coordinate chloroplast biogenesis and function mainly by upregulating the expression of the nuclear factor GOLDEN2‐LIKE 1 (GLK1) and chloroplast transcription‐, translation‐, protein import‐, and photosynthesis‐related genes, with CIA2 playing a more crucial role. Furthermore, we compared flowering phenotypes in single, double, and triple mutant plants of co, cia2, and cil. We found that CIA2 and CIL participate in modulating long‐day floral development. Notably, CIA2 increases flower number and height of the inflorescence main axis, whereas CIL promotes flowering.
Biosolids processing effect on sulfur plant availability
Authors: Moore Amber D. , Smith Eliza , Bary Andy , Sullivan Dan M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the S nutritive value of biosolids produced by various processing methods is important for growers who apply biosolids to crop production fields. Our project goals were to determine how processing method and biosolids’ properties influence S availability and S fertilizer value. Fourteen biosolids materials were selected for the trial, including those produced with aerobic digestion (n = 2), anaerobic digestion (n = 5), dual digestion (n = 1), composting (n = 2), lagoon storage (n = 2), sawdust blending (n = 1), and alkaline stabilization (n = 1). Biosolids were air‐dried, ground, and added to a Walla Walla silt loam soil at a rate of 100 mg S kg–1 soil. The treated soils were incubated at 25 ℃ and extracted for SO4–S on Days 1, 13, 29, 44, and 83. Mean plant available S was greatest for the alkaline stabilized biosolids (52%), followed by anaerobically digested biosolids (40%), sawdust blended biosolids (37%), lagoon slurry (36%), dual digestion biosolids (31%), aerobically digested biosolids (15%), and composted biosolids (4%). Biosolids pH, organic C/total S, total Ca, total S, and SO4–S concentrations were well correlated to S release rate, plant available S, or both. Sulfur mineralization of organic S compounds is known to be influenced by organic C/total S, whereas Ca and pH effects may be related to gypsum (CaSO4) dissolution and oxidation of hydrogen sulfide compounds. The correlations discussed here may need to be further investigated and verified on additional soil types and under field conditions prior to grower adoption.
S‐Benzyl‐N,N′‐diphenyl Isothiouronium Iodide as an Efficient Organocatalyst for the Transfer Hydrogenation of 1,4‐Benzoxazines
Authors: Kang Sungmin , Yeo Hyoung Min , Kim Taek Hyeon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study reports on the isothiouronium salt catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of various 3‐substituted‐2H‐1,4‐benzoxazines, with Hantzsch esters as a hydrogen source. Transfer hydrogenation of 1,4‐benzoxazines has been successfully carried out with small amount of 1 mol% S‐benzyl‐N,N′‐diphenyl isothiouronium iodide as a catalyst. Various 3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,4‐benzoxazines were obtained in quantitative yield at room temperature.
Factors influencing strength loss of glass‐fiber‐reinforced composite bars in highly alkaline environment of concrete
Authors: Nassar Roz‐Ud‐Din , Dominguez Gustavo D. , Soroushian Parviz , Balachandra Anagi , Weerasiri Rankothge , Darsanasiri Nalin , Abdol Nastran 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSteel corrosion is a significant problem of concrete‐based infrastructure, and it increases the repair costs of the damage to structures. Glass‐fiber‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite bars are corrosion‐proof and exhibit relatively higher strength than ordinary steel reinforcement. However, GFRP bars degrade when exposed to the highly alkaline environment of concrete over extended periods. This study focuses on the effect of the high alkalinity of concrete on the tensile strengths of several types of GFRP bars. Different accelerated aging techniques were employed to evaluate the effects of GFRP characteristics (fiber volume fraction, matrix composition, bar diameter, and presence of protective coating) on the alkali resistance. The test results indicated that the alkali attack significantly decreased the tensile strength of GFRP, increasing with age. The alkali resistance of the GFRP bars increased up to a fiber volume fraction of 50% but decreased when the fiber volume fraction increased to 60% and above. The effects of protective coating on alkali resistance were generally positive but not consistent, and the effects of the matrix type and bar diameter on the alkali resistance of GFRP bars were insignificant. Accelerated aging did not change the bond strength but altered the failure mechanism associated with the bond failure of the specimens.