bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
"Bi‐Bi” technique for lip augmentation: A retrospective study on 30 cases
Authors: Stéphane Smarrito , Candice Smarrito‐Menozzi , Florence Brunel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionLip augmentation is achieved mainly by using hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers. The injection procedures are performed either superficially or deeply with a needle or a cannula, and only one type of hyaluronic acid is used. The authors' objective was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and satisfaction level of a procedure combining two anatomical injection plans, two injection modes (i.e., cannula and needle), and two types of hyaluronic acid fillers.MethodThe retrospective study included 30 patients who underwent the following procedure: Intramuscular retro‐trace injections of Stylage M (Vivacy® Laboratories) were conducted through a 27‐gauge cannula at the level of the upper and lower hemi‐lip. Then, intradermal injections of Stylage Lips (Vivacy® Laboratories) using a 33‐gauge needle were carried out on the entire lip border as well as the cupid's bow. During a post‐injection follow‐up, subjects were asked to evaluate satisfaction level and the effect of fillers over time. Elastic (G′) and viscosity (G″) moduli of HA fillers were measured with a rheometer (AR2000, TA Instruments) prior to and after extrusion through a 33‐gauge needle.ResultsRheological assessment showed that passage through a 33‐gauge needle did not alter the viscoelastic properties of HA fillers. After the clinical procedure, no side effects were observed except for standard post‐treatment bruises and edema. No vascular incident occurred. Moreover, overall patient satisfaction was high (2.6/3) and there was a long‐lasting perception of the effect of the filler.ConclusionThe current study demonstrated that dissociating the anatomical zones of the lip during the injection procedure by means of different hyaluronic acids in the muscular and dermal planes would efficiently and safely provide both lip projection and fullness for a natural and lasting effect.
An application of AR in cosmetological industry after coronavirus disease‐19 pandemic
Authors: Seo Yoo Jung , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe consumption pattern in the beauty Industry has been changed due to the coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) crisis. As hygiene issues were raised, non‐face‐to‐face communication was emphasized, and within this framework, the use of augmented reality (AR) emerged as one of the hottest topics in the industry.AimsTo check the usefulness of AR in the beauty Industry by systematically examining quantitative research which in turn verifies empirically the effectiveness of AR.MethodsA total of eight quantitative studies that verified the effect of AR in the cosmetic field were identified, and the contents of the studies were analyzed using PRISMA flow diagram.ResultSub‐elements of reciprocity and expressive power for AR showed that they stimulate individual emotions and encourage purchase.ConclusionIn the current beauty Industry dominated by non‐face‐to‐face interactions, AR was evaluated as an appropriate means to respond to changes in the market.
An open‐label, 4‐week, prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy and safety of a novel targeted skin care line addressing five common skin conditions
Authors: Duschek Nikolaus , Cajkovsky Mia , Prinz Valentina , Müller Daniel , Hundsamer Andrea , Baierl Andreas , Möllhoff Nicholas , Sulovsky Monika , Frank Konstantin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCommon skin conditions, such as irritated, dry, aging, and oily skin or dark eye circles with periorbital edema, usually do not require pharmaceutical therapy in form of dermatological drugs. They can, however, still affect the quality of life significantly. With the advent of newer cosmetics, a more targeted treatment of these dermatological conditions has become available to the public. There are few clinical studies investigating the efficacy and safety of cosmetics, leaving consumers exposed to potentially false claims of the cosmetic industry. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of a novel skin care series addressing the aforementioned five common skin conditions.MethodsThis open‐label, single‐center, 4‐week, prospective clinical study evaluated the efficacy and safety of five novel skin care formulations, each targeting one of five common skin issues in 176 study subjects. The primary endpoint parameters for the change in irritated skin, dark and puffy eyes, dry skin, aging skin, and oily skin were assessed through validated questionnaires, scales, and biomedical devices.ResultsAfter 4 weeks of topical application of each formulation of a new targeted skin care, a significant improvement in all primary endpoints was detected. No undesirable effects occurred during this study.ConclusionThis study showed a significant improvement in five common dermatological conditions with a novel targeted skin care series. Moreover, this study leads the way for an overdue critical assessment and certification of cosmetic product claims.
Clinical and metagenomic profiling of hormonal acne‐prone skin in different populations
Authors: Hrapovic Nina , Richard Thibaud , Messaraa Cyril , Li Xi , Abbaspour Afrouz , Fabre Susanne , Mavon Alain , Andersson Björn , Khmaladze Ia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionAcne is one of the most common skin concerns of unknown etiology, often connected to the menstrual cycle in women, and possibly to the microbial profile and function.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate how hormonal fluctuation affects hormonal acne‐prone skin in different populations in relation to skin clinical parameters and microbial profiles.MethodsWe evaluated skin features by using biophysical and topographical tools. For microbial profiling, we sequenced facial skin microbiota and associated the findings with the skin clinical parameters during the different phases of the menstrual cycle.ResultsWe identified differences between and within hormonal phases in women of Chinese and Caucasian origin. Changes were discovered in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum level, hydration level, and pore volume. The most abundant identifiable genera in both ethnicities were Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus, without any significant abundant differences within the menstrual cycle. Interestingly, 11 bacterial metabolic pathways were downregulated in Chinese compared to Caucasian skin during the follicular phase. The majority of these pathways were associated with skin redox balance, perhaps indicating a weaker oxidative stress response in Chinese versus Caucasian skin. Novosphingobium taxa were increased in the Chinese skin microbiome, which has been reported to protect skin from pollution‐mediated oxidative stress.ConclusionThus, this pilot study explored some of the clinical and metagenomic changes in acne‐prone skin, and provide guidance to tailor‐personalized skin care regimes during the menstrual cycle. Also, the skin redox status in acne‐prone skin, provides more opportunity to tailor‐personalized skin care regimes.
Clinical implications and biological features of a novel postoperative recurrent HCC classification: A multi‐centre study
Authors: Qi Lu‐Nan , Ma Liang , Wu Fei‐Xiang , Chen Yuan‐Yuan , Xu Jing‐Xuan , Peng Yu‐Chong , Chen Zu‐Shun , Gong Wen‐Feng , Yang Cheng‐Lei , Wei Hao‐Wen , Qin Shui‐Ling , Shang Jin‐Jie , Wang Qiu‐Yan , Yu Hong‐Ping , Peng Tao , Huang Ying‐Wu , Ling Yong‐Chi , Tang Wei‐Zhong , Xiang Bang‐De , Li Le‐Qun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground & AimsThe multiplicity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence patterns is the most important determinant of patients' postsurgical survival. A systematic HCC recurrence classification is needed to help prevent and treat postoperative HCC recurrence in the era of precision medicine.MethodsA total of 1319 patients with recurrent HCC from four hospitals were enrolled and divided into a development cohort (n = 916), internal validation cohort (n = 225) and external validation cohort (n = 178). A comprehensive study of patients' clinicopathological factors and biological features was conducted.ResultsFour subtypes of recurrence were identified, which integrated recurrence features, survival, effects on systemic and liver function and potential therapeutics after recurrence: type I (solitary‐intrahepatic oligorecurrence); type II (multi‐intrahepatic oligorecurrence); type III (progression recurrence) and type IV (hyper‐progression recurrence). Type III~IV recurrence indicated exceptionally poor prognosis. Subsequently, two nomogram models were established for type III~IV recurrence prediction, and both demonstrated excellent predictive performance and applicability of pre and postoperative strategy formulation. Multiple biological analyses revealed that HCC cases with type III~IV recurrence were characterized by enrichment in p53 mutations, CCND1 amplification, high proliferation/metastasis potential, inactive metabolism and immune exhaustion features. Over‐expression of high mobility group protein 2 (HMGA2) enhanced the highly malignant behaviour of HCC through multiple molecular pathways, making it a potential prognostic predictor and therapeutic target.ConclusionsThis ‘recurrent HCC classification’ has important potential value in identifying patients with surgical benefit, predicting postsurgical survival and guiding treatment strategies. Multidimensional biological insights also increased knowledge of factors associated with HCC recurrence.
Chromosomal inversions can limit adaptation to new environments
Authors: Roesti Marius , Gilbert Kimberly J. , Samuk Kieran 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChromosomal inversions are often thought to facilitate local adaptation and population divergence because they can link multiple adaptive alleles into non‐recombining genomic blocks. Selection should thus be more efficient in driving inversion‐linked adaptive alleles to high frequency in a population, particularly in the face of maladaptive gene flow. But what if ecological conditions and hence selection on inversion‐linked alleles change? Reduced recombination within inversions could then constrain the formation of optimal combinations of pre‐existing alleles under these new ecological conditions. Here, we outline this idea of inversions limiting adaptation and divergence when ecological conditions change across time or space. We reason and use simulations to illustrate that the benefit of inversions for local adaptation and divergence under one set of ecological conditions can come with a concomitant constraint for adaptation to novel sets of ecological conditions. This limitation of inversions to adaptation may contribute to the maintenance of polymorphism within species.
Simulation‐based optimization method for arterial signal control considering traffic safety and efficiency under uncertainties
Authors: Zheng Liang , Li Xiaoru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes an arterial signal control stochastic simulation‐based optimization model with traffic safety and efficiency as biobjectives and solves it by a biobjective surrogate‐based promising area search (BOSPAS) method. In this model, traffic safety and efficiency are indexed by the average potential collision energy (APCE) and the vehicular throughput of the arterial road, respectively, and the arterial signal control plan is designed in a ring‐and‐barrier structure. In the BOSPAS method, each solution is evaluated by traffic simulation only once and stochastic evaluation noises of the sampled solutions are smoothed by a shrinking ball method to approximate their biobjective expectations. Based on the solutions and their estimated biobjective values, two surrogate models of biobjectives are constructed and optimized to obtain the nondominated solutions, which will guide the establishment of the joint promising area for sampling in the next iteration. In the numerical experiments, BOSPAS is first tested to outperform three other counterparts (i.e., nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II [NSGA‐II], biobjective efficient global optimization [BOEGO], and biobjective promising area search [BOPAS]) by a stochastic FON function from the aspects of convergence and diversity. It is then applied to optimize the signal control plan of an arterial road with six four‐leg signalized intersections in Changsha, China. The numerical results show that the nondominated solutions by BOSPAS perform better than those by NSGA‐II, BOEGO, and BOPAS under limited simulation budgets, and also mostly outperform three solutions by Synchro, MAXBAND, and MULTIBAND, especially in reducing APCE. In contrast with the field‐implemented signal plan, the optimized ones by BOSPAS improve the APCE and the vehicular throughput of the arterial road by at most 50.2% and 24.8%, respectively. Moreover, considering the vehicular throughput of arterial road as one objective may have a negative effect on the vehicular throughput of the overall road network. In conclusion, BOSPAS is promising to address biobjective optimization problems characterized by costly evaluation, high dimensions, and stochastic noises.
Pexophagy is critical for fungal development, stress response, and virulence in Alternaria alternata
Authors: Wu Pei‐Ching , Choo Celine Yen Ling , Lu Hsin‐Yu , Wei Xian‐Yong , Chen Yu‐Kun , Yago Jonar I. , Chung Kuang‐Ren 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlternaria alternata can resist high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The protective roles of autophagy or autophagy‐mediated degradation of peroxisomes (termed pexophagy) against oxidative stress remain unclear. The present study, using transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy coupled with a GFP‐AaAtg8 proteolysis assay and an mCherry tagging assay with peroxisomal targeting tripeptides, demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitrogen depletion induced autophagy and pexophagy. Experimental evidence showed that H2O2 triggered autophagy and the translocation of peroxisomes into the vacuoles. Mutational inactivation of the AaAtg8 gene in A. alternata led to autophagy impairment, resulting in the accumulation of peroxisomes, increased ROS sensitivity, and decreased virulence. Compared to the wild type, ΔAaAtg8 failed to detoxify ROS effectively, leading to ROS accumulation. Deleting AaAtg8 down‐regulated the expression of genes encoding an NADPH oxidase and a Yap1 transcription factor, both involved in ROS resistance. Deleting AaAtg8 affected the development of conidia and appressorium‐like structures. Deleting AaAtg8 also compromised the integrity of the cell wall. Reintroduction of a functional copy of AaAtg8 in the mutant completely restored all defective phenotypes. Although ΔAaAtg8 produced wild‐type toxin levels in axenic culture, the mutant induced a lower level of H2O2 and smaller necrotic lesions on citrus leaves. In addition to H2O2, nitrogen starvation triggered peroxisome turnover. We concluded that ΔAaAtg8 failed to degrade peroxisomes effectively, leading to the accumulation of peroxisomes and the reduction of the stress response. Autophagy‐mediated peroxisome turnover could increase cell adaptability and survival under oxidative stress and starvation conditions.
Therapeutic alliance in a cognitive rehabilitation programme for people with serious mental illness: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Faith Laura A. , Howie J. Hunter , Blanco Emily , Jarvis Stephen P. , Rempfer Melisa V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTherapeutic alliance is an important element of evidence‐based treatments for people diagnosed with a serious mental illness. Cognitive enhancement therapy (CET) is an efficacious cognitive rehabilitation programme that emphasizes coach–participant relationships. The purpose of this study was to examine experiences of therapeutic alliance among CET participants.DesignWe used an exploratory qualitative approach.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 24 participants diagnosed with a serious mental illness. Interview transcripts were analysed by three independent coders using thematic analysis.ResultsFour themes related to therapeutic alliance emerged: (1) positive regard; (2) collaboration; (3) authenticity; (4) negative alliance.ConclusionsFindings suggest that therapeutic alliance is an important component of CET that bolsters the learning environment and ensures a positive group experience. Our qualitative analyses contribute greater understanding of how strong therapeutic relationships impact people with serious mental illnesses participating in evidence‐based treatments beyond psychotherapy context.
Single‐cell transcriptome atlas reveals developmental trajectories and a novel metabolic pathway of catechin esters in tea leaves
Authors: Wang Qiang , Wu Yi , Peng Anqi , Cui Jilai , Zhao Mingyue , Pan Yuting , Zhang Mengting , Tian Kai , Schwab Wilfried , Song Chuankui 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe tea plant is an economically important woody beverage crop. The unique taste of tea is evoked by certain metabolites, especially catechin esters, whereas their precise formation mechanism in different cell types remains unclear. Here, a fast protoplast isolation method was established and the transcriptional profiles of 16 977 single cells from 1st and 3rd leaves were investigated. We first identified 79 marker genes based on six isolated tissues and constructed a transcriptome atlas, mapped developmental trajectories and further delineated the distribution of different cell types during leaf differentiation and genes associated with cell fate transformation. Interestingly, eight differently expressed genes were found to co‐exist at four branch points. Genes involved in the biosynthesis of certain metabolites showed cell‐ and development‐specific characteristics. An unexpected catechin ester glycosyltransferase was characterized for the first time in plants by a gene co‐expression network in mesophyll cells. Thus, the first single‐cell transcriptional landscape in woody crop leave was reported and a novel metabolism pathway of catechin esters in plants was discovered.
Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis syndrome: Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes – a single center study in Japan
Authors: Ohnishi Takuma , Sato Satoshi , Uejima Yoji , Kawano Yutaka , Suganuma Eisuke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeriodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disease occurring in children. Although PFAPA is the most common periodic fever syndrome found in children, there are only a few studies defining the clinical characteristics and the efficacy of treatment strategies among Japanese children. This study aimed to clarify the demographic characteristics and clinical features of patients with PFAPA syndrome and to evaluate treatment efficacy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical features of children with PFAPA who visited Saitama Children's Medical Center between January and December 2019. We also evaluated treatment strategies and their efficacy; abortive treatment with corticosteroids, prophylaxis with cimetidine or colchicine, and surgical management with tonsillectomy.ResultsA total of 100 Japanese children (61% male) with PFAPA were included. Median age of onset was 3 years, median duration of fever episodes was 5 days, and median interval between episodes was 4 weeks. The symptoms (frequencies) were pharyngitis (89%), exudate on tonsils (71%), cervical adenitis (50%), and aphthous stomatitis (49%). Approximately 37% of patients took prednisolone for aborting fever attacks, showing a 100% response; 93% were treated with cimetidine, showing an 79.6% response, and 18% were treated with colchicine, showing a 66.7% response. Only one patient underwent tonsillectomy.ConclusionsAmong Japanese children with PFAPA, 28% of them were ≥5 years with a male predominance. Pharyngitis is the most frequent symptom associated with fever. Cimetidine is suitable for initial therapy because of its safety and efficacy.
Food Literacy Evaluation Questionnaire (Chinese version, FLEQ‐Ch): a validity and cross‐cultural adaptation
Authors: Qian Weiwei , Jiang Qing , Wang Hao , Chen Jing , Ju Yang , Wang Xiaohua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct a Food Literacy Evaluation Questionnaire Chinese Version (FLEQ‐Ch) through a cross‐cultural validation of the original questionnaire.DesignThis was an observational, cross‐sectional study undertaken in two phases: (1) translation and cross‐culture adaptation, and (2) psychometric evaluation.SampleA total of 509 residents in Yangzhou City, China were enrolled in this study.MethodsA translation and cross‐cultural adaptation of the FLEQ in Chinese was developed. The psychometric characteristics of FLEQ‐Ch were analyzed for internal consistency, content validity, construct validity and discriminant validity.ResultsThe KMO value of the questionnaire was 0.901 and the approximate chi‐square value of Bartlett's sphericity test was 8132.538. The ranges of the Cronbach's α coefficient and the test‐retest coefficient of the total questionnaire and three dimensions were 0.869–0.955 and 0.941–0.952, respectively. The value of content validity index of the total questionnaire was 0.945. Construct validity: (1) Aggregation coefficient was between 0.828 and 0.955; (2) Discrimination coefficient was between 0.004 and 0.227; (3) Correlation coefficient between each factor was between 0.046 and 0.188; the correlation coefficient between each factor and the total questionnaire ranged from 0.419 to 0.788. Discriminant validity: the standardized factor loadings of all items on the corresponding factors were 0.75–0.96. The results of the model‐fit indices showed RMSEA was 0.08 and GFI was 0.91.ConclusionsThe FLEQ‐Ch can effectively evaluate the food literacy of the general public in terms of foods planning and management, foods selection, and foods‐making attitudes. It covers the four areas of food literacy, and shows good practicability and operability.
The relation between second‐generation antipsychotics and laxative use in elderly patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Lin Ching‐Hua , Lin Hsin‐Yi , Lin Ta‐Chun , Chan Hung‐Yu , Chen Jiahn‐Jyh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to investigate factors associated with concomitant laxative use among elderly patients with schizophrenia, discharged on second‐generation antipsychotics (SGAs), from two large public psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan.MethodsElderly patients with schizophrenia who were discharged between 2006 and 2019 and received SGA monotherapy at discharge were included in the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with regular laxative use at discharge. The Cochrane‐Armitage trend test was used to evaluate whether significant time trends existed for rates of laxative use at discharge.ResultsA total of 2591 elderly patients with schizophrenia were discharged during the study period, and 1727 of 2591 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. Of these 1727 patients, 732 (42.4%) also received concomitant laxatives. Female gender, mood stabiliser use and concomitant diabetes mellitus were found to be associated with increased laxative use. Among SGAs, clozapine was associated with the highest rate of laxative use, followed by zotepine, quetiapine, olanzapine and risperidone. Additionally, risperidone, amisulpride, aripiprazole, paliperidone and sulpiride were associated with comparable rates of laxative use. Laxative use rates grew over time from 30.8% in 2006 to 46.6% in 2019 (z = 4.83, P < 0.001).ConclusionsLaxative use is common in elderly schizophrenia patients treated with SGAs. In cases of clinically significant constipation, switching to an SGA with a lower risk for constipation, or discontinuing the use of mood stabilisers should be considered, if clinically feasible.