bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-Ray Emission from Candidate Stellar Merger Remnant TYC 2597-735-1 and Its Blue Ring Nebula
Authors: Günther Hans Moritz , Hoadley Keri , Günther Maximilian N. , Metzger Brian D. , Schneider P. C. , Shen Ken J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tight binary or multiple-star systems can interact through mass transfer and follow vastly different evolutionary pathways than single stars. The star TYC 2597-735-1 is a candidate for a recent stellar merger remnant resulting from a coalescence of a low-mass companion with a primary star a few thousand years ago. This violent event is evident in a conical outflow (“Blue Ring Nebula”) emitting in UV light and surrounded by leading shock filaments observed in Hα and UV emission. From Chandra data, we report the detection of X-ray emission from the location of TYC 2597-735-1 with a luminosity

log
(

L

X

/

L

bol

)
=
−
5.5

. Together with a previously reported period of ~14 days, this indicates ongoing stellar activity and the presence of strong magnetic fields on TYC 2597-735-1. Supported by stellar evolution models of merger remnants, we interpret the inferred stellar magnetic field as dynamo action associated with a newly formed convection zone in the atmosphere of TYC 2597-735-1, though internal shocks at the base of an accretion-powered jet cannot be ruled out. We speculate that this object will evolve into an FK Com–type source, i.e., a class of rapidly spinning magnetically active stars for which a merger origin has been proposed but for which no relic accretion or large-scale nebula remains visible. We also detect likely X-ray emission from two small regions close to the outer shock fronts in the Blue Ring Nebula, which may arise from inhomogeneities either in the circumstellar medium or in the mass and velocity distribution in the merger-driven outflow.
Non-pharmacology Interventions on Pain in Critically Ill Patient: A Scoping Review
Authors: Leutualy Vanny , Madiuw Devita , Tasijawa Fandro Armando , Sumah Dene Fries , Manuhutu Feby , Maelissa Sinthia 
Published: March 2022

treatment process. The cause of pain in critically ill patients is caused by the accompanying disease process or the treatment procedures carried out. Pharmacological therapies such as analgesics and opioids are often given to critically ill patients but cannot progressively manage pain. Another impact arising from pharmacological treatment is the side effects that can affect the care and healing of critically ill patients. This Scoping Review provides evidence on non-pharmacological interventions that can be used to prevent and reduce pain intensity in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. This scoping review aims to identify non-pharmacological therapies that can be used as alternative or adjunct therapies to help manage pain in critically ill patients. Three electronic databases were used to conduct article searches: Science Direct, Pubmed, and CINAHL Ebsco. The inclusion criteria used were articles with RCT research, peer review articles, English articles, and publication of research articles between 2009 and 2020. The search results obtained 1875 articles and 11 articles that met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Found several non-pharmacological interventions to prevent and reduce pain intensity in critically ill patients, including music therapy, massage, reflexology, cold therapy, and topical heat therapy.
L’injustice obstétricale
Authors: El Kotni Mounia , Quagliariello Chiara 
Published: March 2022

À partir de recherches sur les violences obstétricales menées en Europe (France, Italie) et en Amérique latine (Mexique, Guatemala) auprès de femmes migrantes, pauvres, ou racisées, nous proposons de mettre ces violences en perspective, au regard de mécanismes globaux de domination (exil, racisme, pauvreté). Nous situons nos recherches dans le champ des études sur l’intersectionnalité et la justice reproductive, et proposons le cadre d’analyse de « l’injustice obstétricale » qui permet de dépasser certains des clivages de la catégorie de violences obstétricales en articulant les violences obstétricales à d’autres formes de violence vécues par ces femmes au cours de leur vie.
Chapitre 1. L’Épigravettien dans les Abruzzes : l’historique des recherches
Authors: Olive Monique , Agostini Silvano 
Published: March 2022

Un rapide historique des recherches sur l’Épigravettien des Abruzzes est tracé. Cette culture est connue grâce aux travaux de A.M. Radmilli qui a découvert et fouillé de nombreux gisements en grotte ou sous abri dans les années 50 et 60, essentiellement autour du bassin du Fucino. Plus récemment, les données sur cette tradition culturelle se sont enrichies avec de nouvelles fouilles et aussi grâce à la révision du matériel archéologique issu de fouilles plus anciennes. Cependant, une chronologie précise de l’Épigravettien des Abruzzes reste encore à construire. Parmi les gisements attribués à cette période, Campo delle Piane, repéré dès la fin des années 40 par G.B. Leopardi et étudié par A.M. Radmilli, se distingue par son interprétation : c’est le seul gisement de plein air connu dans les Abruzzes ayant livré une structure d’habitat. Avant la reprise des travaux sur ce site, de nombreuses imprécisions subsistaient sur le contexte de sa découverte et sur son âge.
Chapitre 4. Nouveaux temps, nouveaux moyens : les méthodes de recherche
Authors: Le Jeune Yann , Olive Monique 
Published: March 2022

Les objectifs des nouvelles recherches entreprises à Campo delle Piane – retrouver et étudier un habitat de plein air d’une part, estimer l’extension de l’occupation épigravettienne et sa chronologie d’autre part – nous ont conduit à conjuguer deux approches, archéologique et paléoenvironnementale, et plusieurs échelles d’analyse. L’aire étudiée correspond à la vallée du Gallero qui a fait l’objet de prospections archéologiques et d’observations stratigraphiques. A l’intérieur de cette aire d’étude, un effort particulier a été porté sur plusieurs secteurs riches en matériel archéologique de surface. Le locus 10 (CDP 10) illustre la démarche suivie. Sur ce locus, plusieurs transects, destinés à repérer des paléosols tardiglaciaires susceptibles de livrer des niveaux épigravettiens, ont été réalisés puis les données stratigraphiques ont été intégrées dans un SIG afin de modéliser les surfaces de ces paléosols. Les résultats obtenus ont déterminé l’implantation de sondages archéologiques. Ce modèle a ensuite été généralisé à l’échelle de la vallée, à un moindre degré de résolution, pour localiser les secteurs potentiels de conservation de niveaux épigravettiens. Un second locus, CDP 7, a fait l’objet d’une fouille sur environ 80 m2 suite à la découverte d’un niveau archéologique en place. Les méthodes de fouilles, d’enregistrement et d’étude des vestiges (essentiellement lithiques) utilisées sont celles qui s’appliquent, maintenant de manière classique, aux sites paléolithiques de plein air découverts en contexte alluvial dans la perspective d’une interprétation palethnographique de l’habitat. Une procédure particulière, conjuguant micromorphologie, mesure de susceptibilité magnétique et du temps de chauffe, a été suivie pour l’analyse des nombreuses traces de combustion afin de distinguer les foyers des altérations thermiques liées à un incendie postérieur à l’occupation humaine. D’autres études spécialisées (les traces d’usure sur les silex, l’anthracologie) ont aussi été mises en œuvre pour proposer une interprétation spatiale et fonctionnelle de l’aire fouillée. Parallèlement la séquence sédimentaire incluant le niveau archéologique a été relevée et analysée en détail (analyses physico-chimiques et granulométriques) et a fait l’objet de plusieurs datations par différentes méthodes (14C et OSL). L’ensemble de ces données a permis de définir une séquence de référence pour le Tardiglaciaire régional et ainsi de replacer l’occupation épigravettienne de la vallée dans le cadre d’une dynamique sédimentaire plus générale.
Lier et délier la propriété
Authors: Chauvard Jean-François 
Published: March 2022

Les fidéicommis étaient consubstantiels aux sociétés d’Ancien Régime. En rendant les biens indisponibles et en fixant la ligne de succession, ces fondations testamentaires visaient la conservation de l’assise matérielle des familles. Au nom de la libre circulation des biens et d’une conception absolue de la propriété, ils furent au XVIIIe siècle l’objet de critiques qui débouchèrent sur des réformes dans certains États italiens. Rien de tel dans la République de Venise où le patriciat n’envisagea jamais de réformes systémiques qui risquaient de remettre en cause les équilibres politiques et sociaux. Néanmoins, dès la fin du XVe siècle, l’État vénitien légiféra à mesure que les fidéicommis entraient en contradiction avec d’autres systèmes normatifs : le recouvrement des créances et des impôts et le remboursement des dots. L’État définit également les conditions de levée de l’inaliénabilité des biens et mit en place, sous l’égide des Juges du Procurator, une procédure pour garantir le réinvestissement des capitaux assujettis à fidéicommis (emprunts publics et prêts) au prix d’un travail administratif considérable. L’exploitation des archives de cette cour permet d’éclairer le rôle de l’autorité judiciaire dans la cogestion des fidéicommis et celui des ayants droit qui pouvaient se comporter en administrateurs actifs, capables de remodeler le contenu du fidéicommis sans changer sa valeur. En scrutant les modalités du passage de l’indisponible au disponible, ce livre interroge l’élasticité d’un dispositif réputé pour sa rigidité ; il démontre aussi que les fidéicommis étaient une institution totalisante dont le gouvernement était autant une affaire de famille que l’affaire de l’État.
Conventional NK Cells and Type 1 Innate Lymphoid Cells Do Not Influence Pathogenesis of Experimental Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Rickassel Constantin , Gnirck Ann-Christin , Shaikh Nikhat , Adamiak Virginia , Waterhölter Alex , Tanriver Yakup , Neumann Katrin , Huber Tobias B , Gasteiger Georg , Panzer Ulf , Turner Jan-Eric 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) that express NK cell receptors (NCRs) and the transcription factor T-bet populate nonlymphoid tissues and are crucial in immune responses against viral infections and malignancies. Recent studies highlighted the heterogeneity of this ILC population and extended their functional spectrum to include important roles in tissue homeostasis and autoimmunity. In this article, we provide detailed profiling of NCR+T-bet+ ILC populations in the murine kidney, identifying conventional NK (cNK) cells and type 1 ILCs (ILC1s) as the two major subsets. Induction of renal inflammation in a mouse model of glomerulonephritis did not substantially influence abundance or phenotype of cNK cells or ILC1s in the kidney. For functional analyses in this model, widely used depletion strategies for total NCR+ ILCs (anti-NK1.1 Ab application) and cNK cells (anti-asialoGM1 serum application) were unreliable tools, because they were accompanied by significant off-target depletion of kidney NKT cells and CD8+ T cells, respectively. However, neither depletion of cNK cells and ILC1s in NKT cell–deficient mice nor specific genetic deletion of cNK cells in Ncr1Cre/wt × Eomesfl/fl mice altered the clinical course of experimental glomerulonephritis. In summary, we show in this article that cNK cells and ILC1s are dispensable for initiation and progression of immune-mediated glomerular disease and advise caution in the use of standard Ab depletion methods to study NCR+ ILC function in mouse models.
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Liver Disorder Patients in Northern India
Authors: Chugh Yashika , Katoch Swati , Sharma Deepshikha , Bahuguna Pankaj , Duseja Ajay , Kaur Manmeet , Dhiman Radha Krishan , Prinja Shankar 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
The present study aims to determine the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among liver disorder patients being treated in tertiary care hospital in north India and exploration of factors affecting HRQoL.

Methodology:
The HRQoL was assessed among 230 patients visiting either the outpatient department (OPD) or those admitted in high dependency unit (HDU) or liver intensive care unit (ICU) using direct measuring tools such as Euro QoL five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D) and EQ visual analog scale. Multivariate regression was used to explore the factors influencing HRQoL.

Results:
Mean EQ-5D scores among chronic hepatitis and compensated cirrhosis patients were 0.639 ± 0.062 and 0.562 ± 0.048, respectively. Among those who were admitted in the ICU or HDU, mean EQ-5D score was 0.295 ± 0.031. At discharge, this score improved significantly to 0.445 ± 0.055 (P < 0.001). The multivariate results implied that HRQoL was significantly better among patients with lower literacy level (P = 0.018) and those treated in OPD settings (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
HRQoL is impaired among patients suffering from liver disorders specifically those admitted in ICU. Further, there is a need to generate more evidence to explore the impact of determinants and treatment-associated costs on the HRQoL.
Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19 and Utility of Contact Tracing in Risk Assessment of Health-Care Worker Exposure during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Murugesan Malathi , Venkatesan Padmanaban , Ramasamy Jagadish , Samuel Prasanna , Karthik Rajiv , Rose Winsley , Rupali Priscilla 
Published: March 2022

Background:
In the COVID-19 pandemic, the frontline health-care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of acquiring infection either through household or workplace exposure.

Objectives:
To assess the risk of acquiring infection after COVID-19 exposure, we evaluated the effectiveness of a contact tracing assessment to identify the high-risk contacts.

Materials and Methods:
All HCW who tested COVID-19 positive in July 2020 were interviewed to do risk assessment based on their exposure, advised quarantine, and then followed up on day 14 for development of symptoms of COVID-19.

Results:
Contact tracing identified 2569 HCW contacts for 422 index positive cases, among which 1642 (63.9%) were contactable for follow-up. Among 1642 contacts, 12.97% developed COVID-19 symptoms within 14 days of the exposure. Household contacts comprising (142 out of 956, 14.9%) had a higher risk of becoming symptomatic than workplace contacts (71 out of 686, 10.3%) ([odds ratio 0.66 (confidence interval 0.49–0.89)]. Of these, 76.6% of the household exposure and 55.4% of significant workplace exposure were tested positive for COVID-19.

Conclusions:
Based on the risk assessment, we found that a HCW is likely to acquire infection at home rather than at the workplace, and hence, an appropriate quarantine policy can help decrease the transmission and mitigate staff shortage.
A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India
Authors: Jaacks Lindsay M. , Awasthi Ananya , Bhupathiraju Shilpa , Kumar Sanjay , Gupta Shilpi , Sonawane Vinayak 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Noncommunicable diseases (NCD) are the leading cause of death in India, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in particular accounting for nearly 1 in 3 deaths. The prevention of key CVD risk factors – namely, diabetes and hypertension – is a public health priority.

Objectives:
The objective is to describe the results of large-scale, community-based NCD screening using the Government of India's Community Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC) scoring system.

Materials and Methods:
Trained enumerators visited each household in 10 villages in Punjab, India, between September 2019 and March 2020. Standardized methods were used to measure blood pressure, blood glucose, waist circumference, family medical history, and lifestyle behaviors.

Results:
A total of 11,322 adults (52.1% women; mean age 48.3 years) completed the assessment and 14.4% were classified as high-risk (CBAC >4). Those classified as high-risk were significantly more likely to have hypertension (46.0% vs. 20.6% among low-risk, P < 0.0001) and diabetes (12.0% vs. 7.7%, P < 0.0001). Only 26.8% of those with hypertension were diagnosed and only 14.9% treated. Proportions among those with diabetes were similarly low: 29.2% diagnosed and 16.0% treated.

Conclusions:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to estimate the prevalence of high-risk CBAC scores in a population-based sample. Given that the Government of India aims to undertake population-based screening of all adults >30 years for NCDs, the results of this study are directly translatable.
Bereavement Care Practices Following Stillbirths
Authors: Sharma Bharti , Kulshreshtha Shatakshi , Aggarwal Neelam , Suri Vanita , Nehra Ritu 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Addressing stillbirth is a difficult task and becomes more challenging with a huge burden and skewed doctorpatient ratio. There is a lack of data regarding the knowledge about the bereavement care practices following pregnancy loss and practices being followed by the health-care providers in the Indian context. The objective of this study is to describe the experience, views, and practices of health-care professionals while managing women with stillbirths.

Design:
Internet-based Monkey Survey.

Methodology:
An on-line self completion questionnaire was shared with various health care providers via emails and whats app groups.

Results:
A total of 281 responses of health-care providers were analyzed, and the majority of them were obstetricians. Almost 90% had managed women with stillbirth, but just a third (38.1%) had provided bereavement care. The majority of them felt the lack of a uniform and comprehensive training model for providing bereavement care to such women. Out of 281 participants, 258 (91.8%) believed that health-care providers should have a bereavement care training and support system, whereas only 23 (8.2%) rejected this idea.

Conclusion:
There is no defined protocol or standards for providing bereavement care to women following stillbirth. Most health-care professionals feel an urgent need for professional training to bridge the gap between the expectations of patients and the care provided.
Perceptions and Preparedness of Dental Professionals toward COVID-19-Related Oral Manifestations in India
Authors: Boyapati Ramanarayana , Duddukuri Hema , Dhulipalla Ravindranath , Kolaparthy Lakshmikanth , Polepalle Tejaswin , Katuri Kishore Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Background:
With the reports of oral manifestations observed in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients snowballing day-by-day, it calls for the attention of dental professionals to keep themselves updated regarding these manifestations and how to prevent and manage them in COVID-infected patients.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study is to assess the perceptions and preparedness of dental professionals in India toward the COVID-19-related oral manifestations.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted on dental professionals using a pretested and validated questionnaire. Six hundred and twenty-three responses obtained from January 23, 2021 to February 15, 2021 were included in the study.

Results:
Mean knowledge scores regarding COVID-19-related oral manifestations were noted to be significantly high among males (13.5 ± 4.9), having a PhD (18.3 ± 5.8), belonging to the specialty of oral medicine and radiology (15.6 ± 4.7), with more than 15 years of clinical experience (15.4 ± 4.7) and practicing in metropolitan areas (13.7 ± 5.03). Tele-consultation and advising palliative care (65.5%) were the most preferred ways of managing COVID-19-related oral manifestations. Ninety-one percentage of the participants felt that inclusion of dentists in the intensive care unit multiprofessional teams, would contribute toward early diagnosis and management of oral manifestations.

Conclusion:
Study noted lower knowledge scores pertaining to COVID-19-related oral manifestations among BDS graduates with <5 years of clinical experience calling for the implementation of continuing dental education on the oral manifestations occurring in COVID-19 patients.
Development and Use of a Reproducible Framework for Spatiotemporal Climatic Risk Assessment and its Association with Decadal Trend of Dengue in India
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Mitra Arun , Soman Biju 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
The study aimed to develop a reproducible, open-source, and scalable framework for extracting climate data from satellite imagery, understanding dengue's decadal trend in India, and estimating the relationship between dengue occurrence and climatic factors.

Materials and Methods:
A framework was developed in the Open Source Software, and it was empirically tested using reported annual dengue occurrence data in India during 2010–2019. Census 2011 and population projections were used to calculate incidence rates. Zonal statistics were performed to extract climate parameters. Correlation coefficients were calculated to estimate the relationship of dengue with the annual average of daily mean and minimum temperature and rainy days.

Results:
Total 818,973 dengue cases were reported from India, with median annual incidence of 6.57 per lakh population; it was high in 2019 and 2017 (11.80 and 11.55 per lakh) and the Southern region (8.18 per lakh). The highest median annual dengue incidence was observed in Punjab (24.49 per lakh). Daily climatic data were extracted from 1164 coordinate locations across the country for the decadal period (4,249,734 observations). The annual average of daily temperature and rainy days positively correlated with dengue in India (r = 0.31 and 0.06, at P < 0.01 and 0.30, respectively).

Conclusion:
The study provides a reproducible algorithm for bulk climatic data extraction from research-level satellite imagery. Infectious disease models can be used to understand disease epidemiology and strengthen disease surveillance in the country.
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Mental Health Status Prevailing among COVID-19 Patients in Mumbai, India
Authors: Singh Arjun Gurmeet , Singhavi Hitesh , Sharin Florida , Lakdawala Muffazal , Mhatre Sharayu , Deodhar Jayita , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Dikshit Rajesh 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
The aim was to determine the prevalence and predictors of depression among less symptomatic COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
A questionnaire-based assessment was conducted among asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients when admitted in a COVID-19 facility (T1) and after 6 months (T2). Interviews were conducted using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 instrument. Socio-demographic details and length of facility stay were recorded. Changes in scores between the two-time points T1 and T2 were compared. Factors predicting depression were determined using Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U test during facility stay, and those predicting worsening over time were obtained using multivariate regression models.

Results:
Among the 91.4% (n = 450) participants, prevalence of depression was 38.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 34.0–43.0) with a significant increase of 7.8-fold (95% CI = 4.8–12.8) in depression as the duration of stay increased beyond a median of 5 days. A significant association was observed between higher income and lower depression (odds ratios = 0.6, P = 0.03). 84% (n = 378) responded at the second timepoint assessment after a median of 6.62 months (T2). There was a significant difference observed between the 2.6% (n = 6) that worsened into depression at T2 and the 73.8% (n = 107) that improved out of depression at T2 (P ≤ 0.001). Age >45 years (P = 0.007), males (P = 0.011) and reinfection (P = 0.039) significantly led to worsening of depression.

Conclusion:
There is a need for actively detecting and managing depression in institutionally quarantined survivors, considering limiting such quarantine to no more than a week, and providing routine screening and care for depression beyond this period.