bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality cognitive intervention for heart failure: CORE study protocol
Authors: Jung Miyeon , Apostolova Liana G. , Moser Debra K. , Gradus‐Pizlo Irmina , Gao Sujuan , Rogers Jeff L. , Pressler Susan J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionHeart failure (HF) is a prevalent, serious chronic illness that affects 6.5 million adults in the United States. Among patients with HF, the prevalence of attention impairment is reported to range from 15% to 27%. Although attention is fundamental to human activities including HF self‐care, cognitive interventions for patients with HF that target improvement in attention are scarce. The COgnitive intervention to Restore attention using nature Environment (CORE) study aims to test the preliminary efficacy of the newly developed Nature‐VR, a virtual reality‐based cognitive intervention that is based on the restorative effects of nature. Nature‐VR development was guided by Attention Restoration Theory. The target outcomes are attention, HF self‐care, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Our exploratory aims examine the associations between attention and several putative/established HF biomarkers (eg, oxygen saturation, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, apolipoprotein E, dopamine receptor, and dopamine transporter genes) as well as the effect of Nature‐VR on cognitive performance in other domains (ie, global cognition, memory, visuospatial, executive function, and language), cardiac and neurological events, and mortality.MethodsThis single‐blinded, two‐group randomized‐controlled pilot study will enroll 74 participants with HF. The Nature‐VR intervention group will view three‐dimensional nature pictures using a virtual reality headset for 10 minutes per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks (a total of 200 minutes). The active comparison group, Urban‐VR, will view three‐dimensional urban pictures using a virtual reality headset to match the Nature‐VR intervention in intervention dose and delivery mode, but not in content. After baseline interviews, four follow‐up interviews will be conducted to assess sustained effects of Nature‐VR at 4, 8, 26, and 52 weeks.DiscussionThe importance and novelty of this study consists of using a first‐of‐its kind, immersive virtual reality technology to target attention and in investigating the health outcomes of the Nature‐VR cognitive intervention among patients with HF.
Bionanoparticles in cancer imaging, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Li Yan , Bao Qing , Yang Shuxu , Yang Mingying , Mao Chuanbin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBiological molecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids can be assembled into naturally existing nanoparticles, such as bacterial viruses (also called bacteriophages or phages), plant viruses, nucleic acid nanoparticles (e.g., DNA origami), protein nanoparticles, and exosomes. These bionanoparticles have their own distinct properties (including compositions, structures, shapes, and functions), laying the foundation for their unique applications as probes for cancer imaging, as detectors for cancer diagnosis, or as therapeutics for cancer therapy. To highlight how the distinct properties of different bionanoparticles can be explored in cancer nanotheranostics, this review critically analyzed the use of bionanoparticles in cancer imaging, diagnosis, and treatment. Specifically, for each of these representative bionanoparticles, we describe its unique properties that render it powerful in cancer theranostics compared with synthetic inorganic nanoparticles. We also summarize how to genetically or chemically modify or redesign the bionanoparticles so that they gain new functions desired for cancer theranostics, such as tumor‐seeking or tumor‐destructive capabilities. Finally, we discussed the challenges in this exciting field. The bionanoparticles covered in this review represent different biomolecular assemblies with unique theranostic applications, showcasing the power of bionanoparticles in disease diagnosis and treatment.
Computed tomographic, ultrasonographic, MRI and radiographic findings of a venous malformation with phleboliths in the thoracic limb of a dog
Authors: Kang Kevin , Kirberger Robert M. , Hosgood Giselle , Stander Nerissa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn 11‐month‐old entire male Rottweiler was referred for further investigation of raised, soft, compressible, non‐pulsatile, subcutaneous tubular structures along the right antebrachium that had been diagnosed to be a vascular malformation on histopathology of a subcutaneous biopsy. Computed tomographic (CT) with angiography did not reveal an arteriovenous malformation or fistula. Ultrasonography of the limb demonstrated a venous malformation with thrombi and phleboliths. An MRI study of the limb was consistent with a venous malformation with small rounded luminal signal voids that were confirmed to be phleboliths. Radiography at follow‐up demonstrated phleboliths. This is the first report describing the combined CT, ultrasonographic, MRI and radiographic characteristics of venous malformation with phleboliths in a limb of a dog.
Introduction
Authors: Al-Shamsi Humaid O. , Iqbal Faryal , Abu-Gheida Ibrahim H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis chapter serves as a prelude to the book “Cancer in the Arab World”. It outlines general cancer care approaches of included Arab countries. The complications and future perspectives in oncology care services along with the explanation of shortcomings in the respective countries have also been comprehended in this edition.
General Oncology Care in Morocco
Authors: Boutayeb Saber , Majbar Mohammed Anass 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe current population of Morocco is estimated to be 37 million based on the projection of the United Nations data. The median age in the Moroccan population is young. Around 25% of the population is aged under 14 years. Morocco is currently in an epidemiological transition called “double burden,” with the coexistence of infectious and chronic diseases. The most frequent cancers in men are lung, prostate, bladder, colorectum, and lymphoma. Whereas, for women, the most frequent are breast, cervix, colorectum, thyroid, and ovary. The first Moroccan cancer plan (2010–2019) has given the priority to breast and cervix cancers. Concerning treatments, the classical chemotherapies, hormonal therapies, and the first generation of monoclonal antibodies (Trastuzumab, Rituximab, Bevacizumab, Cetuximab, etc.,) are widely available for the entire population. Two immunotherapies are available in Morocco: Pembrolizumab and Atezolizumab. However, their reimbursement is still conflictual. 3D and new irradiation techniques are available in the major cities. Advanced minimally invasive techniques are now routinely performed for colorectal, liver, gynecologic, thoracic, and urologic cancers. The first surgical robot was acquired by the university hospital in Fez in 2019.
General Oncology Care in the UAE
Authors: Abu-Gheida Ibrahim H. , Nijhawan Neil , Al-Awadhi Aydah , Al-Shamsi Humaid O. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe United Arab Emirates (UAE) is an essential associate of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the Arab world. Having one of the most eminent health care systems, the Oncology care in the UAE consists of distinctive fusion in addition to alliances with public and private healthcare sectors in the country. This chapter features the oncology care in the UAE, features the crucial oncology care aspects that have the potential for growth in the UAE, making the UAE a desirable and attractive destination for medical tourism for oncology treatment.
Colorectal Cancer in the Arab World
Authors: AlZaabi Adhari 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe recent rapid modernization of life in the Arab region has led to major changes in the lifestyle and attitude of Arab people. This has subsequently resulted in an obvious change in the disease burden profile where the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) exert a huge burden in the region. The main factors that have been attributed to this increase in NCDs are the increased incidence of obesity, physical inactivity, stressful busy life, smoking, and dietary habits. Cancer is among the top NCDs that has increased at an alarming pace in the past ten years in the region. It is projected that there will be a 1.8-fold increase in cancer incidence by 2030 among Arabs. Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is among one of the most common cancers that showed a dramatic increase in annual incidence rate among Arabs. Despite the fact that the figures reported for colorectal cancer among Arabs is lower than that for western countries, the incidence is increasing in this region. Across the cancer continuum, CRC care in the region is up to date as it follows international guidelines from board-certified healthcare providers. The CRC screening system is not well developed and not well accepted by the society due to several religious, cultural, unfamiliarity, and distrust issues. This explains the advanced stage of CRC diagnosis in the region that subsequently leads to unfavorable outcomes. This chapter highlights the incidence of CRC and its clinicopathological parameters with molecular profile and preventive measures in the region.
General Oncology Care in Lebanon
Authors: Mohty Razan , Tfayli Arafat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLebanon is a relatively small country located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It includes one of the most developed healthcare systems and world-renowned healthcare workers in the region. Cancer cases are steadily increasing in Lebanon reaching 11,589 new cases in 2020. Preventions and screenings programs are conducted to decrease cancer incidence and aim for early cancer detection. Cancer treatment is provided in public and private hospitals and financial coverage is assured through the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) and third-party payers. All Lebanese cancer patients have access to treatment through universal cancer drug coverage by the MOPH. Recently, economic, financial, and political constraints have increased the burden on the healthcare system. Further improvements are needed to keep the healthcare system resilient enough to face these difficulties.
Orientifold Calabi-Yau threefolds with divisor involutions and string landscape
Authors: Altman Ross , Carifio Jonathan , Gao Xin , Nelson Brent D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We establish an orientifold Calabi-Yau threefold database for h1,1(X) ≤ 6 by considering non-trivial ℤ2 divisor exchange involutions, using a toric Calabi-Yau database (www.rossealtman.com/tcy). We first determine the topology for each individual divisor (Hodge diamond), then identify and classify the proper involutions which are globally consistent across all disjoint phases of the Kähler cone for each unique geometry. Each of the proper involutions will result in an orientifold Calabi-Yau manifold. Then we clarify all possible fixed loci under the proper involution, thereby determining the locations of different types of O-planes. It is shown that under the proper involutions, one typically ends up with a system of O3/O7-planes, and most of these will further admit naive Type IIB string vacua. The geometries with freely acting involutions are also determined. We further determine the splitting of the Hodge numbers into odd/even parity in the orbifold limit. The final result is a class of orientifold Calabi-Yau threefolds with non-trivial odd class cohomology ($$ {h}_{-}^{1,1} $$

h
−

1
,
1

(X/σ*) ≠ 0).
How should I treat patients with subclinical atrial fibrillation and atrial high-rate episodes? Current evidence and clinical importance
Authors: Kreimer Fabienne , Mügge Andreas , Gotzmann Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLong-term and continuous ECG monitoring using cardiac implantable electronic devices and insertable cardiac monitors has improved the capability of detecting subclinical atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial high-rate episodes. Previous studies demonstrated a high prevalence (more than 20%) in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices or insertable cardiac monitors. Subclinical AF and atrial high-rate episodes are often suspected as the cause of prior or potential future ischemic stroke. However, the clinical significance is still uncertain, and the evidence is limited. This review aims to present and discuss the current evidence on the clinical impact of subclinical AF and atrial high-rate episodes. It focuses particularly on the association between the duration of the episodes and major clinical outcomes like thromboembolic events. As subclinical AF and atrial high-rate episodes are presumed to be associated with ischemic strokes, detection will be particularly important in patients with cryptogenic stroke and in high-risk patients for thromboembolism. In this context, it is also interesting whether there is a temporal relationship between the detection of subclinical AF and atrial high-rate episodes and the occurrence of thromboembolic events. In addition, the review will examine the question whether there is a need for a therapy with oral anticoagulation.
Graphical abstract
Impact of preoperative smoking on patients undergoing right hemicolectomies for colon cancer
Authors: Badiani Sarit , Diab Jason , Woodford Evangeline , Natarajan Pragadesh , Berney Christophe R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest global public health issues impacting quality of life and surgical outcomes. Although 30% of colon cancers warrant a right hemicolectomy (RH), there is no specific data on the influence of smoking on postoperative complications following RH for cancer. The aim of this study was to determine its effect on post-surgical outcomes.

Methods
Patients who underwent elective RH for colon cancer between 2016 and 2019 were identified from the ACS-NSQIP database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used with a maximum absolute difference of 0.05 between propensity scores. Primary outcome was to assess the 30-day complication risk profile between smokers and non-smokers. Secondary outcomes included smoking impact on wound and major medico-surgical complication rates, as well as risk of anastomotic leak (AL) using multivariable logistic regression models.

Results
Following PSM, 5652 patients underwent RH for colon cancer with 1,884 (33.3%) identified as smokers. Smokers demonstrated a higher rate of organ space infection (4.1% vs 3.1%, p = 0.034), unplanned return to theatre (4.8% vs 3.7%, p = 0.045) and risk of AL (3.5% vs 2.1%, p = 0.005). Smoking was found to be an independent risk factor for wound complications (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.03–1.71, p = 0.032), primary pulmonary complications (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.06–2.13, p = 0.024) and AL (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.19–2.31, p = 0.003).

Conclusion
Smokers have increased risk of developing major post-operative complications compared to non-smokers. Clinicians and surgeons must inform smokers of these surgical risks and potential benefit of smoking cessation prior to undergoing major colonic resection.
Robotic stereotactic body radiotherapy for the management of adrenal gland metastases: a bi-institutional analysis
Authors: Ehret Felix , Kaul David , Kufeld Markus , Endt Clara vom , Budach Volker , Senger Carolin , Fürweger Christoph , Haidenberger Alfred , Muacevic Alexander 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Adrenal gland metastases (AGMs) are a common manifestation of metastatic tumor spread, especially in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In patients with a limited systemic tumor burden, effective treatments for AGMs are needed. Due to varying fractionation schemes and limited reports, short-course treatment results for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for AGMs are lacking. This work analyzes the outcomes of short-course SBRT for AGMs.

Methods
Patients who underwent robotic SBRT for AGMs with one to five fractions were eligible for analysis.

Results
In total, data from 55 patients with 72 AGMs from two institutions were analyzed. Most AGMs originated from renal cell carcinoma (38%) and NSCLC (35%). The median follow-up was 16.4 months. The median prescription dose and isodose line were 24 Gy and 70%, respectively. Most patients (85%) received SBRT with just one fraction. The median biologically effective dose assuming an α/β ratio of 10 (BED10) was 80.4 Gy. The local control and progression-free survival after 1 and 2 years were 92.9%, 67.8%, and 46.2%, as well as 24.3%, respectively. Thirteen patients (24%) suffered from grade 1 or 2 toxicities. The BED10 showed a significant impact on LC (p < 0.01). Treatments with a BED10 equal to or above the median were associated with a better LC (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Robotic SBRT is an efficient and safe treatment modality for AGM. Treatment-associated side effects are sporadic and manageable. Results suggest short-course SBRT to be a preferable and time-saving treatment option for the management of AGMs if an adequate BED10 can be safely applied.
Verantwortungsvolle Beschaffung im Bereich der erneuerbaren Energien – Realität oder noch ein weiter Weg?
Authors: Kügerl Marie-Theres , Tost Michael 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Bekämpfung des Klimawandels und die Erreichung der Nachhaltigen Entwicklungsziele der Vereinten Nationen machen eine Umstellung unseres Energiesystems weg von fossilen Brennstoffen hin zu erneuerbaren Energien unabdingbar. Mit dieser Energiewende gehen aber auch bedeutende Veränderungen des Rohstoffbedarfs einher. Vor allem die Nachfrage nach Metallen steigt stark an und damit auch Bedenken um mögliche negative Auswirkungen auf Menschen und Umwelt. Das Konzept der verantwortungsvollen Beschaffung hat es sich zum Ziel gesetzt diese Auswirkungen zu minimieren und für eine gerechte Verteilung von Vor- und Nachteilen entlang der Wertschöpfungsketten zu sorgen. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt RE-SOURCING beschäftigt sich mit den Lieferketten von drei Sektoren (erneuerbare Energie, Mobilität und Elektronik), die für eine erfolgreiche und faire Energiewende eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Sektorale State of Play Berichte und Roadmaps sollen Herausforderungen für nachhaltige Wertschöpfungsketten aufzeigen und Lösungen erarbeiten. Die Ergebnisse aus dem Sektor der erneuerbaren Energie zeigen zahlreiche Bereiche, wo rasches und entschiedenes Handeln erforderlich ist, um Menschenrechtsverletzungen und Umweltverschmutzung zu verhindern. Fünf Kernbereiche wurden bestimmt – Kreislaufwirtschaft und reduzierter Ressourcenverbrauch, Pariser Klimaabkommen und ökologische Nachhaltigkeit, soziale Nachhaltigkeit und verantwortungsvolle Produktion, verantwortungsvolle Beschaffung und gleiche Wettbewerbsbedingungen – für die notwendige Maßnahmen und entsprechende Handlungsempfehlungen identifiziert werden.
Post-fire Regeneration Traits of Understorey Shrub Species Modulate Successional Responses to High Severity Fire in Mediterranean Pine Forests
Authors: Vasques A. , Baudena M. , Vallejo V. R. , Kéfi S. , Bautista S. , Santana V. M. , Baeza M. J. , Maia P. , Keizer J. J. , Rietkerk M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecurrent fires can impede the spontaneous recruitment capacity of pine forests. Empirical studies have suggested that this can lead to a prolonged replacement of pine forest by shrubland, especially if shrub species are pyrophytic. Model-based studies, however, have suggested that post-fire succession of pine forest under current climatic conditions will eventually tend towards the dominance of oaks under high fire severity and recurrence. These previous modelling studies did not address the role of the various post-fire regeneration traits of the understory shrub species. Considering the dichotomy of obligate seeder vs. resprouter species, either obligate or facultative resprouter, we hypothesized that when the shrubs present are post-fire seeders, the oaks steadily occupy the forest, whereas resprouter shrub species might compete with oaks and delay or arrest post-fire succession. To test this hypothesis, we developed a dynamic, cellular automaton model for simulating post-fire successional transitions in pine forests, including shrubs, pines and oaks, and stochastic fires of regular frequency. Our results showed a strong tendency towards oak dominance as final model state and a very reduced role of fire recurrence in this final state, with low yearly acorn input delaying oak dominance. Most relevantly, and in line with our hypothesis, the trend towards oak dominance depended markedly on the two types of shrub species, being delayed by resprouter species, which extended the shrub-dominated succession stage for several centuries. Our simulation results supported the view that the type of understorey species should be a key consideration in post-fire restoration strategies aiming to enhance fire resilience.
A Reference Standard for Analytical Testing of Erythropoietin
Authors: Tu Huiping , Carrick Kevin , Potts Rebecca , Hasselberg Mark , Verdecia Mark , Burns Chris , Cowper Ben , Atouf Fouad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a 165 amino acid protein that promotes the proliferation of erythrocytic progenitors. A decrease in endogenous EPO production causes anemia that can be treated with recombinant Human EPO (rHuEPO).

Objective
To ensure the safety and efficacy of the rHuEPO, manufacturers must use analytical methods to demonstrate similarity across batches and between different products. To do this they need reference standards to validate their equipment and methods.

Method
We used peptide mapping, size-exclusion chromatography, glycoprofiling, and isoelectric focusing to analyze a rHuEPO reference standard.

Results
Characterization demonstrates that our rHuEPO reference standard meets the criteria for quality.

Conclusion
The rHuEPO reference standard is fit for purpose as a tool for validating system suitability and methods.
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Powder Production and Application in Gluten-Free Bread: Effect of Particle Size
Authors: Tufaro Deborah , Bassoli Angela , Cappa Carola 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOkra (Abelmoschus esculentus) has interesting nutritional and technological properties and is naturally gluten-free (GF). This study investigated the physicochemical properties of okra powder obtained by a low-temperature drying process and its impact on GF bread. Its potential synergy with other hydrocolloids (i.e., hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Psyllium fibre (Psy)) was also studied. As the importance of powder particle size in food design is well known, whole okra powder (WOP; ≤ 1000 µm) and fine okra powder (FOP; ≤ 250 µm) were produced. Compared to the standard formulation, WOP and FOP doughs required less water to reach the desired dough consistency (200 ± 20 Brabender unit) and generally showed higher stability during mixing. Dough development was affected by HPMC more than okra powder particle size. Breads containing WOP or FOP in combination with HPMC exhibited high specific volume and soft texture, while the combination with Psy resulted in a less-developed, harder and darker bread. The combination with HPMC also guaranteed a longer shelf-life, regardless of okra powder particle size. These results may prove useful for the agri-food industry, as they demonstrate that okra can be used as an innovative natural hydrocolloid.