bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La traduction automatique des textes faciles à lire et à comprendre (FALC) : une étude comparative
Authors: Rodríguez Vázquez Silvia , Kaplan Abigail , Bouillon Pierrette , Griebel Cornelia , Azari Razieh 
Published: October 2022

Au cours de la dernière décennie, les langages contrôlés (LC) ont toujours été l’objet d’une attention accrue en traduction automatique (TA). La majorité des études ont porté sur l’impact des LC sur la qualité du produit final de la TA, mais très peu d’entre elles se sont intéressées à l’impact de la TA sur l’accessibilité des textes cibles pour les personnes à besoins particuliers. Cet article vise à combler cette lacune. Il cherche à déterminer, par le biais d’une étude linguistique comparative, si les systèmes de TA génériques constituent une option viable pour produire, à partir de textes simplifiés sources, des textes cibles faciles à lire et à comprendre (FALC). Nous avons testé trois outils génériques de TA (DeepL, Google Translate et Yandex) avec des textes FALC de trois domaines différents, dans quatre paires de langues. Les résultats montrent que DeepL est l’outil le plus performant et que l’espagnol et les textes administratifs restent ceux qui occasionnent le plus de problèmes pour la TA. En ce qui concerne l’évaluation de l’accessibilité linguistique, les problèmes aux niveaux lexical et stylistique sont les plus nombreux. Même si la TA ne produit pas encore des textes FALC acceptables, notre étude en souligne le potentiel et met l’accent sur la difficulté de créer du contenu multilingue accessible pour tous.
L’archive inversée : seuils, authenticité et demos
Authors: Lowry1 James 
Published: October 2022

Cet article soutient que le concept de ius archivi du « seuil d’archivage », dans lequel la réception des documents par des archives faisant autorité sert à authentifier ces documents, est inversé à l’ère des données gouvernementales ouvertes et des technologies civiques. Ces technologies de témoignage créent une attente de transparence qui renverse la fonction du seuil ; ce n’est que par la transmission de données hors des archives et dans l’espace public que l’authenticité peut être jugée. À l’époque des fausses nouvelles ou « fake news » et des soi-disant « faits alternatifs », cette dynamique est problématique et soulève des questions sur la participation aux systèmes d’information de l’État.
Dynamics of the gut microbiota in rats after hypobaric hypoxia exposure
Authors: Han Yang , Xu Jiayu , Yan Yan , Zhao Xiaojing 
Published: October 2022

Background
Gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and is influenced by multiple factors. Hypobaric hypoxia usually existing at high altitude conditions can adversely affect normal physiological functions. However, the dynamic changes of gut microbiota influenced by hypobaric hypoxia have not been elucidated.

Methods
In this study, we collected fecal samples from seven rats at 14 time points from entering the hypobaric chamber (eight time points) to leaving the chamber (six time points) and five rats served as normoxic controls. Metagenome sequencing was performed on all samples and the dynamics of taxa and functions were analyzed.

Results
We found that the α-diversity was changed in the first 5 days after entering or leaving the hypobaric chamber. The β-diversity analysis revealed that gut microbiota structure was significantly separated among 14 time points. After entering the chamber, the relative abundance of Bacteroides decreased and the most abundant genus turned into Prevotella. The abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes showed an opposite trend and both have a significant change within 5 days after entering or leaving the hypobaric hypoxia chamber. Some obligate anaerobic bacteria belonging to Desulfovibrio and Alistipes were significantly enriched after entering the chamber for 5 weeks, whereas Probiotics like Bifidobacterium and Lactococcus, and short-chain fatty acids producers like Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio were significantly enriched after leaving the chamber for 3 weeks. Microbial functions like ‘Two-component regulatory system’, ‘beta-carotene biosynthesis’ and ‘Fatty acid biosynthesis’ were significantly enriched after entering the chamber for 5 weeks. Hypobaric hypoxia conditions could deeply affect the diversity and structure of gut microbiota. The alterations of abundance of dominant taxa (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes), increased anaerobes and decreased probiotics induced by hypobaric hypoxia conditions might affect the host health.
Comparative assessment of enamel remineralisation on the surface microhardness of demineralized enamel - anin vitrostudy
Authors: Bhavsar Bhavika , Vijo Mary , Sharma Pranjely , Patnaik Tulika , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Patil Santosh 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe main objective of the study was to compare two different remineralising materials containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, bioactive glass on enamel surface microhardness.Materials and MethodsThirty premolars were used for specimen preparation. Group 1 (the control group) consisted of intact enamel samples, group 2: CPP-ACPF (Tooth Mousse Plus), group 3: bioenamel remineralising gel (Prevest DenPro). All specimens were subjected to demineralisation except the control group, followed by which remineralising agents were applied. A universal hardness tester was used to assess the surface microhardness of all samples. Results were analysed using one-way ANOVA test and comparison was analysed using Scheffe’spost hocleast significant difference (LSD) test.ResultsBoth remineralising agents used in groups 2 and 3 have shown significant outcome in terms of improving the surface microhardness in comparison with the control group. Group 2 increased the enamel hardness by 8.34 whereP= 0.023 whereas group 3 increased the hardness by 5.87, whereP= 0.01.ConclusionGroup 2 has a superior hardness value than group 3; however, no statistically significant results were obtained between both the groups.
Deep ploughing in the summer fallow season and optimizing nitrogen rate can increase yield, water, and nitrogen efficiencies of rain-fed winter wheat in the Loess Plateau region of China
Authors: Zhang Rongrong , Wang Peiru , Wang Wenxiang , Ren Aixia , Noor Hafeez , Zhong Rong , Gao Zhiqiang , Sun Min 
Published: October 2022

Background
About 60% of the annual precipitation in the Loess Plateau occurs during the summer fallow season, and does not align with the wheat growing season. In addition, the nitrogen use efficiency is low in this area because nutrient availability is affected by drought. As a result, rainwater storage during the summer fallow season is very important to increasing nitrogen use efficiency, and to the stable production of dryland wheat in the Loess Plateau.

Methods
A 3-year field experiment in the eastern part of the Loess Plateau was conducted with two tillage methods (no tillage (NT) and deep ploughing (DP)) and five N rates (0, 120, 150, 180, and 210 kg N ha−1) to study the effect of tillage on soil water utilization, plant nitrogen utilization, and wheat yield.

Result
Compared to NT, DP showed a larger increase in soil water storage (SWSf) and precipitation storage efficiency (PSEf) during the two dry summer fallow seasons than in the normal summer fallow season. DP substantially increased the pre-anthesis soil water consumption (SWCpre) and N translocation. The average yield under DP was 12.46% and 14.92–18.29% higher than under NT in the normal and dry seasons, respectively. A 1 mm increase in SWCpre could increase grain yield by 25.28 kg ha−1, water use efficiency (WUE) by 0.069 kg ha−1 mm−1, and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) by 0.029 kg kg−1. DP could reduce the N rate by 11.49–53.34% in the normal seasons and 40.97–65.07% in the dry seasons compared to the same highest point of yield, WUE, and NUtE under NT.

Conclusion
Deep ploughing in the summer fallow season, paired with optimized N application, could help increase wheat yield and nitrogen efficiency in dryland.
Comparative Study of Disinfectants and Conventional Antibiotics Efficacy on Selected ESKAPE Pathogens
Authors: I. Ajanaobionye Theophilus , A. Eze Emmanuel , C. Ekwe David , G. Anyaegbunam Zikora K. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Disinfectants and conventional antibiotics are used daily in Nigeria’s households and hospitals, in various approaches and at exceptional concentrations with inside to combat infectious diseases. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance globally has made most chemotherapeutic agents less efficient to target pathogens.
Aim: This research was done to determine the efficacy of some disinfectants and conventional antibiotics used against ESKAPE pathogens.
Methodology: The in vitro efficacy of the disinfectants and antibiotics were compared using the disc diffusion (Kirby-Bauer) method.
Results: Inhibition zone diameters were observed in all of the disinfectants and conventional antibiotics at concentration-dependent for the tested pathogenic isolates. Chloroxylenol was effective at higher concentrations and showed a progressive decrease in zones of inhibition as the concentration decreases. Ethanol was effective at 70% and 35% concentrations against Staphylococcus aureus. Hypochlorite was effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and E. coli at a 100% - 25% concentration and effective against Staphylococcus aureus at 100% and 50% concentrations. Therefore, the efficacy of disinfectants and antibiotics arise to be crucial however concentration-dependent.
Conclusion: The results obtained from this study may be used as an alternative for medical applications. However, inappropriate disinfectant and conventional antibiotic use resulted in emergence of resistant microorganisms; hence these therapeutic agents should be used properly at a sufficient concentration to prevent diseases caused by these pathogenic bacteria. Nevertheless, the need to compare the efficacy of these disinfectants and conventional antibiotics against ESKAPE pathogens in vivo is very important.
Effect of Nutrient Optimization through Organic and Inorganic Resources on Yield, Uptake, and Soil Properties in a Rice-wheat Cropping System
Authors: Kumar Ravindra , Sharma Sanjeev , Singh Devendra , Pandey Hanuman Prasad 
Published: October 2022

A field experiment was conducted during 2017-18 to 2019-20 on a fixed layout in sodic soil at Fertilizers Research Farm, Uttaripura in the jurisdiction of C. S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur using high yielding variety of rice NDR-359 and wheat PBW-343. The maximum grain, straw, and biological yield of rice were noted as 44.75, 55.93, and 99.68 q ha-1, and wheat 46.25, 56.42 and 99.97 q ha-1 with the application of 75% NPK+ two spray of 0.25% of Sagarika +25 kg/ha Sagarika granules +two spray of 2% of WSF (18:18:18), The maximum uptake of NPK in grain and straw of both rice and wheat crop with the application of 75% NPK + two sprays of 0.25% of Sagarika +25 kg/ha Sagarika granules +two spray of 2% of WSF (18:18:18) followed by75% NPK+ two spray of 0.25% of Sagarika +25 kg/ha Sagarika and minimum uptake of NPK in grain and straw with the application of 75% NPK. The basal application of Sagarika @ 25 kg ha was found superior to the foliar spray of Sagarika. The change in pH, EC, OC, available N, P, K, S, Zn, and Br ranged from 7.2 to 7.5, 0.32 to 0.34 DSM-1, 0.39 to 0.41%, 191 to 195, 15.7 to 16.8, 173.4 to 178.5, 19.4 to 19.8, 11.2 to 11.5 and 0.73 to 0.77 kg ha-1 respectively with the application of different treatments while not remarkable changes from initial values of soil properties. Application of 10 t/ha FYM was found better than other treatments during the study period.
Evaluation of Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Choerospondias axillaris in Rats
Authors: Khadka Jeevan , Cyriac Kusu Susan , Al-Shami Ali Salman , Elyasi Zohreh , Babukutty Blessy Elizabeth 
Published: October 2022

Background: Choerospondias axillaris CA, known as lapsi, is a plant with constituents having therapeutic properties. All plant parts including stem, bark, root, leaves, and fruit have medicinal virtues and have had a role in Ethno-medicine since ancient times.
Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the antihyperlipidemic activity of dried powder of Choerospondias axillaris fruits in Wistar albino rats.
Methods: The anti-hyperlipidemic effect of methanolic extract of the fruit of Choerospondias axillaris (CA) was tested in a high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rat model. Here, chronic hyperlipidemia was induced by feeding a high-fat diet for 21 days to rats. During the experiment, the rat’s body weight was monitored. At the end of the study, animals among whole groups have been sacrificed and biochemical parameters such as; serum Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDL-C), and increase of serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) were analysed.
Results: The observed extract of Choerospondias axillaris was proven to be safe in the toxicity findings. Treatment with methanolic extract of CA (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o) significantly reduced the hyperlipidemia i.e., the decline in levels of serum Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDL-C), and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) when compared to vehicle control and standard drug Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg). The result indicates that methanolic extract of the whole plant of Choerospondias axillaris possessed significant antihyperlipidemic activity.
Conclusion: After all the investigation it was found that oral administration of Choerospondias axillaris fruit extract at a low dose of 300mg/kg and a high dose of 600mg/kg against the high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and it was found that a high dose was more effective as compared to low dose. The drug was able to suppress the raised parameters.
Prevalence, Trajectory, and Factors Associated With Patient-Reported Nonmotor Outcomes After Stroke
Authors: Ozkan Hatice , Ambler Gareth , Esmail Taniya , Banerjee Gargi , Simister Robert J. , Werring David J. 
Published: February 2025

ImportanceThe evidence on nonmotor outcomes after acute ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is limited and domain-specific. The prevalence, natural history, and factors associated with nonmotor outcomes across multiple domains are unclear.ObjectiveTo synthesize the published data and to identify the prevalence, natural history, and factors associated with multidomain nonmotor outcome burden in patients with stroke.Data SourcesA search of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases between January 1999 to June 2023 was supplemented by search of bibliographies of the key articles.Study SelectionThe analysis included prospective cohort studies that reported nonmotor outcomes across 10 domains: anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, social participation, pain, bladder dysfunction, bowel dysfunction (constipation and fecal incontinence), and sexual dysfunction assessed by patient-reported scales.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo reviewers independently assessed studies, extracting baseline data, nonmotor prevalence, and follow-up information. Pooled prevalence of nonmotor outcomes was estimated using random-effects models. Meta-regression models were used to analyze natural history and factors associated with nonmotor outcomes. Subgroup analysis was used to assess prevalence by symptom description within each nonmotor domain. Publication bias and study quality were assessed using funnel plots and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.ResultsA total of 279 prospective cohort studies met the inclusion criteria (117 440 participants with stroke; median [IQR] age, 65 [59-70] years; 209 of 279 studies with more male than female participants) with a nonmotor outcome follow-up period ranging from 30 days to 10 years after stroke. The most prevalent adverse nonmotor outcomes by pooled prevalence were sleep disturbance (59.9%; 95% CI, 53.9%-63.9%), sexual dysfunction (59.8%; 95% CI, 50.0%-69.5%), constipation (58.2%; 95% CI, 53.9%-62.6%), reduced social participation (56.5%; 95% CI, 52.1%-60.8%), bladder dysfunction (45.9%; 95% CI, 38.0%-53.8%), and fatigue (45.2%; 95% CI, 40.7%-49.5%). Meta-regression analysis showed no significant improvement over time for most nonmotor outcomes, except pain (coefficient = −11.0%; P = .05) and sexual dysfunction (coefficient = −24.1%; P &amp;lt; .001). The heterogeneity ranged between 52% and 98% across all studies. The common factors associated with adverse nonmotor outcomes were female sex, studies with mixed stroke cohort (ischemic stroke or ICH), and older age.Conclusions and RelevancePatient-reported nonmotor outcomes were common after stroke. Sexual dysfunction, sleep disturbance, constipation, reduced social participation, bladder dysfunction, and fatigue were most prevalent. These adverse outcomes often persisted over time, especially in women, older adults, and those in studies with mixed stroke cohorts.
Determination of appropriate energy threshold range for accurate estimation of effective atomic number considering statistical uncertainty in photon‐counting techniques
Authors: Haba Tomonobu , Hayashi Hiroaki , Takahashi Tsukasa , Naito Shota , Furukawa Yuichi , Yamamoto Shuichiro , Kimoto Natsumi , Kobayashi Shigeki 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeThe energy threshold is an important parameter for precise material identification employing photon‐counting techniques. However, in such applications, the appropriate energy threshold has not been clarified. Therefore, we aimed to determine the appropriate energy threshold range for precise material identification, focusing on effective atomic number (Z) values as an index.MethodsThe atomic number was estimated using a previously proposed algorithm and Monte Carlo simulations. This algorithm included three steps: calculating the attenuation factor from the incident photon counts on a photon‐counting detector, correcting the beam‐hardening effects, and estimating the atomic number from the attenuation factor index using the calibration curve. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to add Poisson noise to an ideal x‐ray spectrum. The total number of incident x‐rays was set in the range of 103–106. The x‐ray spectra were generated at tube voltages of 50–120 kV. Polymethyl methacrylate (Z = 6.5) and aluminum (Z = 13) were used for the analysis. The energy threshold was varied at intervals of 1 keV to estimate the atomic number. We evaluated the appropriate energy threshold range for accurately estimating the atomic number using the obtained atomic number data and statistical uncertainty under various conditions.ResultsThe appropriate energy threshold range was found to be 31–38 keV for a tube voltage range of 50–120 kV. At this energy threshold, the atomic number can be estimated within an accuracy of ± 0.7 at 105 counts for the atomic number range of 6.5 (PMMA) to 13 (Al).ConclusionsWe found the appropriate energy threshold range. The findings of this study are expected to be useful for appropriately setting the energy threshold during precise material identification using photon‐counting detectors for clinical applications.
Wireless and Self‐Powered Wearable Pressure Sensors Based on Chitosan for Artificial Mechanoreceptors
Authors: Wang Zhao , Yalagala Bhavani Prasad , Zhang Jungang , Hafezi Mahshid , Heidari Hadi , Feeney Andrew 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTouch is key to perception, feeling, and interaction within the social environment. Emulating these sensory capabilities toward intelligent human‐like robots and prosthetics can be achieved by integrating sensor arrays, including pressure, temperature, strain, and humidity, spatially distributed in the human skin, mimicking somatosensory functions. However, existing sensor technologies are not environmentally sustainable due to their non‐biodegradable constituent materials, generally requiring bulky power sources incompatible with wearables. To address these challenges, this study presents a lightweight, flexible, and self‐powered dynamic pressure sensor platform, emulating the functionality of type‐II mechanoreceptors inside the skin, using chitosan biopolymer. A biodegradable pressure sensor is fabricated using a thin composite film of chitosan doped with different compositions of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) as the active piezoelectric layer embedded between copper electrodes. The 15 wt.% chitosan‐ZnO composite‐based sensor demonstrates superior pressure and frequency sensitivities of 70.71 mV/kPa and 471.43 mV Hz−1 with excellent cyclic stability and device‐to‐device repeatability compared with pure chitosan‐based pressure sensors. The accelerated biodegradability studies demonstrate that ultra‐thin composite films can completely degrade in slightly acidic deionized water (pH 6.5) in less than 2 h, exhibiting environmental sustainability. Applications include object classification and identification, the detection of hand and finger movements, gesture recognition, and wireless data transmission.
Electroless Plating of Copper on Laser‐Induced Graphene for Flexible Hybrid Electronic Applications
Authors: Rektor Attila , Eixenberger Josh , Valayil Varghese Tony , Cummings Brian , Curtis Michael , Mckibben Nicholas , Timler John , Estrada David 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFlexible hybrid electronics (FHEs) combine flexible substrates with conventional electronic components, offering increased mechanical stability and reduced size and weight. Laser‐Induced Graphene (LIG) presents a novel approach for patterning flexible devices, characterized by reduced weight, flexibility, and ease of synthesis. This study demonstrates a new process utilizing copper‐plated LIG to create direct‐write, on‐demand flexible electronics. The method incorporates catalytically active Pd nanoparticles into the LIG structure, enabling selective copper‐plating to form circuits. This simplifies the process by eliminating sensitization steps and avoiding challenges of homogeneous deposition found in electroplating. The impact of laser fluence on LIG structure and plating behavior is systematically studied, identifying an optimal fluence of 168 J cm−2 using a 7 W, 450 nm laser. Samples with this fluence achieve complete copper plating within 20 min, a sheet resistance of 149.9 mΩ □−1, good adhesion, and durability across 10 000 bend cycles. An operational amplifier is produced on a flexible polyimide substrate, demonstrating the feasibility of this process for creating low‐cost FHEs. This research expands LIG applications and establishes the relationship between laser fluence and copper‐plating behavior, opening new opportunities for integrating LIG into flexible electronics.