bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inferring Insulin Secretion Rate from Sparse Patient Glucose and Insulin Measures
Authors: Abohtyra Rammah M. , Chan Christine L. , Albers David J. , Gluckman Bruce J. 
Published: August 2022

The insulin secretion rate (ISR) contains information that can provide a personal, quantitative understanding of endocrine function. If the ISR can be reliably inferred from measurements, it could be used for understanding and clinically diagnosing problems with the glucose regulation system.Objective: This study aims to develop a model-based method for inferring a parametrization of the ISR and related physiological information among people with different glycemic conditions in a robust manner. The developed algorithm is applicable for both dense or sparsely sampled plasma glucose/insulin measurements, where sparseness is defined in terms of sampling time with respect to the fastest time scale of the dynamics.Methods:An algorithm for parametrizing and validating a functional form of the ISR for different compartmental models with unknown but estimable ISR function and absorption/decay rates describing the dynamics of insulin accumulation was developed. The method and modeling applies equally to c-peptide secretion rate (CSR) when c-peptide is measured. Accuracy of fit is reliant on reconstruction error of the measured trajectories, and when c-peptide is measured the relationship between CSR and ISR. The algorithm was applied to data from 17 subjects with normal glucose regulatory systems and 9 subjects with cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) in which glucose, insulin and c-peptide were measured in course of oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT).Results:This model-based algorithm inferred parametrization of the ISR and CSR functional with relatively low reconstruction error for 12 of 17 control and 7 of 9 CFRD subjects. We demonstrate that when there are suspect measurements points, the validity of excluding them may be interrogated with this method.Significance:A new estimation method is available to infer the ISR and CSR functional profile along with plasma insulin and c-peptide absorption rates from sparse measurements of insulin, c-peptide, and plasma glucose concentrations. We propose a method to interrogate and exclude potentially erroneous OGTT measurement points based on reconstruction errors.
Effectiveness of school-based brief cognitive behavioral therapy with mindfulness in improving the mental health of adolescents in a Japanese school setting: A preliminary study
Authors: Kato Kiun , Matsumoto Yuki , Hirano Yoshiyuki 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundEmotional regulation is important for adolescents’ adaptive development. Preventive interventions for anxiety and depression are necessary for reducing the development of disorders later in life, and emotional regulation is a potentially relevant factor.ObjectiveWe investigated the effects of a mindfulness-based psychological education and prevention program [the Mindfulness and Awareness Program (MAP)] on the mental health of junior high school students in Japan.MethodsOur MAP primarily focused on mindfulness meditation to improve emotional regulation, thereby reducing depression and anxiety. The MAP comprised eight sessions (20 min each) administered by a school counselor in a school setting. All participants (N = 349) were 12–13-year-old adolescents from nine classes in two Japanese schools. The program was provided to the intervention group, wherein students were educated on emotional expression, emotional cognition, and emotional regulation. The control group received regular school counseling services.ResultsCompared with the control group, the intervention group showed significant improvement in emotional regulation and a decrease in depression and generalized anxiety. The effect was greater at the follow-up assessment than at the immediate post-intervention assessment, and greater in female students.ConclusionOur mental health prevention program exhibited efficacy in reducing depression and anxiety and enhancing emotional regulation in early adolescence. Further, it appeared to be more effective for female adolescents.
Cross-cultural validity of the Death Reflection Scale during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ramsenthaler Christina , Baumann Klaus , Büssing Arndt , Becker Gerhild 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe global COVID-19 pandemic confronts people with their fragility, vulnerability, and mortality. To date, scales to measure death awareness mainly focus on the anxiety-provoking aspect of mortality cues. This study aims to cross-culturally adapt and validate the Death Reflection Scale (DRS), a scale for measuring positive, growth-oriented cognitions of life reflection and prosocial behavior following confrontation with the finiteness of life.Materials and MethodsThe Death Reflection Scale was translated and adapted in a multi-step process to the German language. In this anonymous, cross-sectional, online survey at a large university in Germany, students, healthcare professionals (HCP) and other staff completed the DRS alongside comparison measures. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess configural, metric, and scalar measurement equivalence across four age and occupational groups. Convergent/divergent validity testing was done via Spearman correlations.Results1,703 participants provided data for a response rate of ∼5%. 24% of respondents were HCP, 22% students. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a higher-order structure of the DRS with a strong general factor and the originally proposed five subscales (CFI 0.945, SRMR 0.045, RMSEA 0.055). Multi-group CFA showed partial metric equivalence across age groups and partial scalar invariance across occupational groups. Non-invariant scales were the Motivation to live, Putting life into perspective, and Legacy subscales. In the convergent validity testing, two hypotheses were fully confirmed, two partially and four were not confirmed. Experiencing a propensity for increased contemplation and life reflection during the pandemic together with spirituality showed correlations of moderate to large size to the DRS and its subscales (Spearman’s rho ranging from 0.31 to 0.52).ConclusionFurther conceptual work for death awareness to explore the construct’s stability in different population groups needs to be undertaken. However, the DRS can be mostly used to assess positive and growth-oriented aspects of death awareness and death reflection which may be an important avenue when developing counseling and support interventions for groups experiencing a high burden during the pandemic.
High burden of self-reported sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Togo in 2021
Authors: Bitty-Anderson Alexandra M. , Gbeasor-Komlanvi Fifonsi A. , Bakoubayi Akila W. , Tchankoni Martin K. , Sadio Arnold J. , Salou Mounerou , Dagnra Claver A. , Ekouevi Didier K. , Coffie Patrick A. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSexually Transmitted Infections (STI) remain a public health challenge, especially for Female Sex Workers (FSW) who are particularly vulnerable. In sub-Saharan Africa where the overlapping epidemics of STI and HIV are concentrated among key populations, epidemiological data are needed in order to better understand STI trends in this population. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of self-reported STI symptoms and their risk factors among FSW in Togo in 2021.MethodsA cross-sectional study was completed in June and July 2021 among FSW in two cities of Togo: in Lomé (capital city, south of Togo) and in Kara (north of Togo). A snowball sampling method was used and after consent, a standardized questionnaire was administered by trained research staff to collect information on STI. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with self-reported STI.ResultsA total of 447 FSW, 300 in Lomé and 147 in Kara participated in this study. Median age was 30 [IQR: 24–38] and STI symptoms in the previous 12 months were reported by 191 FSW [42.7%, 95% CI: (38.1–47.5)], among whom 116 (60.7%) sought medical care. The most common reported symptoms were abnormal vaginal discharge (n = 78; 67.2%) and vaginal itching (n = 68; 58.6%). Current STI symptoms (at the time of the survey) were reported by 88 FSW (19.7%). In multivariable logistic regression, self-reported STI symptoms in the previous 12 months was negatively associated with living in the Lomé and older age and positively associated with having more than 15 clients in the previous week and being victim of violence.ConclusionsFindings from this study reveal that the self-reported STI burden is relatively high among FSW Togo. Additional strategies are needed at the structural, medical, political and social levels to curb this trend and effectively aim at the elimination of STI epidemics by the year 2030.
Music-based casual video game training alleviates symptoms of subthreshold depression
Authors: Li Ximeng , Zheng Moyi , Zhang Yuchang , Wang Yueyun , Nie Lu , Yuan Yuan , Qian Tianyi , Ku Yixuan 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesIn this preregistered study, we investigated the beneficial effects of music-based casual video game training on the depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in a cohort of young individuals with subthreshold depression and the underlying mechanisms.MethodsThe study included 56 young individuals (18–26 years of age) with subthreshold or mild depression based on the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) scores between 14 and 19. They were randomly assigned into the experimental group (n= 28) or the control group (n= 28). The experimental group underwent music-based casual video game training for 4 weeks. During the same time, the control group participants conducted daily life activities without any intervention. The study participants in the two groups were analyzed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) during the baseline before the intervention, as well as DASS-21, Positive and negative Affect Scale (PANAS), General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES), and the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) twice a week during the 4 weeks of intervention.ResultsThe depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were significantly reduced in the experimental group participants after 4 weeks of music-based video game training compared with the control group. The DAS scores in the experimental group were alleviated in the third and fourth weeks of training compared with the control group. Moreover, analysis using the general linear model demonstrated that the number of training weeks and self-efficacy were associated with significant reduction in depression, anxiety and stress. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that self-efficacy was correlated with positive emotion and emotional regulation.ConclusionOur study showed that music-based casual video game training significantly decreased depression, anxiety, and stress in the young individuals with subthreshold depression by enhancing self-efficacy.
Pediatric dentists' participation in advocacy and acceptance of new medicaid children in clinical practice
Authors: Singh Arjun Deo , Lavin Jenna , DiStefano Caitlin , Chon Eun , Weinstein Stephanie , Slutsky Samantha , Bhoopathi Vinodh 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionAdvocacy involves promoting a noble cause or voicing on behalf of a program, policy, or population group. Previous literature shows that dentists who provide services to Medicaid-enrolled, underserved, and vulnerable children are more compassionate than those who do not.AimTo explore the association between pediatric dentists' (PDs) participation in various advocacy-related activities (ARAs) and their monthly acceptance of new Medicaid-enrolled children in their clinical practice to provide dental care services.MethodsA 14-item pilot-tested survey was created on the SurveyMonkey® online platform and emailed to 5591 PDs, active American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry members. Data from 789 PD respondents were analyzed. Frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations were used to describe the sample. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests assessed the differences between PDs accepting new Medicaid-enrolled children in their clinical practice every month vs. PDs who did not. A multivariable adjusted logistic regression model determined if there was an association between PDs' participation in ARAs and their acceptance of new Medicaid-enrolled children in their clinical practice, controlling for other independent variables.ResultsThe mean number of different ARAs performed by PDs was 2.2 ± 1.8. Approximately 65% reported that they accepted new Medicaid-enrolled children every month in their dental clinic to provide dental care services. The multivariable logistic regression model showed that the odds of a PD accepting new Medicaid-enrolled children every month increased by 13% for each additional unit increase in ARA completed, with other variables being held constant (Odds ratio: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03–1.25, p = 0.01).ConclusionPDs who performed more ARAs had greater odds of accepting new Medicaid-enrolled children into their dental practice every month. Education and training in oral health advocacy during dental education for dental students may promote performing ARAs and providing dental care services to Medicaid patients after graduation.
Comparison of PKRP and TUVP in the treatment of high-risk BPH and analysis of postoperative influencing factors
Authors: Song Yao , Pang Songqiang , Luo Gongtang , Li Sen , He Yaqiang , Yang Jinqiang 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the efficacy of plasma kinetic loop resection of the prostate (PKRP) and transurethral vaporization of the prostate (TUVP) for the treatment of high-risk benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and analyze the influence of the related factors on the operation of BPH.MethodsA total of 108 high-risk BPH patients diagnosed in our hospital from March 2018 to September 2021 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 54 cases in each group. The control group was treated with TUVP, and the observation group was treated with PKRP. The international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) index, maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), and residual urine volume (RU) were observed before and after treatment. The general information such as age, educational level, residence, and residence status of the patient, as well as clinical information such as surgical method, nocturia frequency, preoperative IPSS score, RU, medical history, and prostate texture, were also recorded. All patients were followed up for 1 month, and complications were recorded.ResultsThe IPSS score, QOL score, and RU of patients in the two groups were lower after treatment than those before treatment, and the Qmax was higher than that before treatment (P &lt; 0.05). The IPSS score, QOL score, and RU of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the Qmax was higher than that of the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that the patient's age, surgical method, nocturia frequency, preoperative IPSS score, RU, medical history, and prostatic texture all could affect the postoperative condition of patients with BPH (P &lt; 0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the patient's age, surgical method, nocturia frequency, preoperative IPSS score, RU, and medical history were the independent influencing factors of the postoperative condition of patients with BPH (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionPKRP in the treatment of high-risk BPH patients can effectively reduce the IPSS score, QOL score, and RU and significantly increase Qmax, with fewer complications and a good prognosis. Patients’ postoperative recovery was related to their age, surgical method, nocturia frequency, preoperative IPSS score, RU, and medical history. Therefore, choosing PKRP to treat high-risk BPH patients can effectively improve the postoperative urethral functional recovery of patients and reduce the occurrence of complications.
Diabetes Insipidus Nefrogênico: uma revisão da literatura / Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: a review of the literature
Authors: Dias Isadora Correia , Couto Júlia dos Santos , Santos Manoela Alencar dos , Ventury Maria Clara Abreu , Almeida Matheus Mizerani Fernandes de , Moraes Raffael Pentagna de , Silva Raquel Lima da , Fernandes Vitória Crivel 
Published: August 2022

Introdução: O diabetes insipidus nefrogênico é uma patologia que resulta da resistência à ação do hormônio antidiurético. A principal ação desse hormônio é regular a capacidade do rim de reabsorver água, o que explica as manifestações clínicas da doença que envolvem polidipsia, noctúria e poliúria. O diagnóstico é realizado, principalmente, a partir da privação hídrica e da análise da consequente concentração da urina. O tratamento, de maneira geral, consiste na administração de fármacos que auxiliam na diminuição do volume urinário associado a uma dieta pobre em solutos a fim de controlar os sintomas. Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo é revisar sobre o diabetes insipidus nefrogênico, compreendendo epidemiologia, fisiopatologia, manifestações clinicas, diagnóstico e tratamento. Métodos: Os bancos de dados Pubmed, Diretrizes e UpToDate foram pesquisados eletronicamente utilizando os descritores diabetes insipidus nefrogênico; diabetes insipidus nos idiomas inglês e português. Discussão e Conclusão: Trata-se de uma doença de manifestações clínicas sistêmicas, uma vez que a fisiopatologia envolve o equilíbrio osmótico do corpo. Distúrbios eletrolíticos podem se fazer presente em pacientes não tratados, embora o tratamento não exclua o risco de pela excreção hídrica excessiva, especificamente a hipernatremia. Trata-se de uma doença de difícil controle pois mesmo com as medicações e mudanças na alimentação o paciente ainda apresentará parte dos sintomas.
Monitorias individuais na disciplina de nutrição e metabolismo: um relato de experiência / Individual tutoring in the subject of nutrition and metabolism: an experience report
Authors: Alves Tassiana Lima , Leal Letícia Moreira , Souza Alisson Gabriel Santos de , Aragão Iana Monteiro , Cavalcante Geórgia Sampaio Fernandes , Jorge Ana Mary Viana 
Published: August 2022

A monitoria é uma vivência enriquecedora na universidade, tanto para os alunos participantes quanto para os monitores. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os resultados das monitorias individuais para os monitores e para os discentes participantes desta metodologia durante o primeiro semestre de 2021 do módulo de Nutrição e Metabolismo da Universidade de Fortaleza - UNIFOR. Com a realização de monitorias individuais foi possível verificar as dificuldades enfrentadas e as estratégias utilizadas para superá-las a fim de possibilitar melhora no desempenho e aprendizado das alunas demandantes, seja nas avaliações ou até mesmo na sua desenvoltura durante as aulas e monitorias em grupo. É possível concluir que as monitorias individuais realizadas foram exitosas uma vez que contribuíram para o aprofundamento do conhecimento das temáticas abordadas no módulo, desenvolveram a empatia, estimularam a pesquisa e implementação de metodologias diferenciadas, disseminaram conhecimento, venceram o desafio imposto pela necessidade de virtualização, estimularam a organização mental do conhecimento e contribuíram para que os participantes compreendessem o conteúdo ministrado.
A importância da nutrição personalizada para a saúde / The importance of personalized nutrition for health
Authors: Barros Dayane de Melo , Monte Zenaide Severina do , Pachêco Letícia da Silva , Moura Danielle Feijó de , Silva Bruna Karoline Alves de Melo , Silva José Hélio Luna da , Santos Vanessa Maria dos , Silva Marllyn Marques da , Ferreira Silvio Assis de Oliveira , Rocha Tamiris Alves , Barbosa Talismania da Silva Lira , Melo Clêidiane Clemente de , Ribeiro Amanda Nayane da Silva , Melo Nicole Sotero , Machado Estefany Karolayne dos Santos , Silva Hélen Maria Lima da , Silva Jefferson Thadeu Arruda , Lima Thays Vitória de Oliveira , Silva André Severino da , Silva Sâmila Evelly Tenório da , Santos Cleiton Cavalcanti dos , Silva Francyelle Amorim , Melo Marcela de Albuquerque 
Published: August 2022

A nutrição personalizada é uma estratégia nutricional que considera as características genéticas e as necessidades nutricionais de cada indivíduo para elaborar recomendações nutricionais mais assertivas, contribuindo assim, para a prevenção e tratamento de doenças. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar a nutrição personalizada e evidenciar sua importância para a saúde. Para tanto foi realizada uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa utilizando os descritores: genoma humano, nutrientes, nutrigenômica, prevenção de doenças e saúde nos idiomas português e inglês. As publicações incluídas foram dos anos de 2007 a 2020. Com os dados obtidos foi possível verificar que a interação gene-nutriente pode colaborar para uma intervenção nutricional mais adequada e efetiva, trazendo consequentemente benefícios significativos para a saúde.
Estudo de biodisponibilidade relativa entre Etira® (Levetiracetam) 1000 mg comprimido revestido versus Keppra® (Levetiracetam) 750 mg comprimido revestido em participantes de pesquisa saudáveis de ambos os sexos / Relative bioavailability study of Étira® (Levetiracetam) 1000 mg coated tablet versus Keppra® (Levetiracetam) 750 mg coated tablet in healthy research participants of both sexes
Authors: Morais Douglas Costa , Carbone Eduardo Quinalha , Caverzan Cesar , Kasabkojian Stephanie Toscano , Abreu Camila Sirieiro , Zung Stevin 
Published: August 2022

Epilepsia é uma das doenças neurológicas mais comuns, afetando cerca de 50 milhões de pessoas no mundo; está associada a mortalidade prematura e a prejuízos na qualidade de vida. O objetivo do tratamento com fármacos anticrise (FACs) é permitir que os pacientes permaneçam sem crises epilépticas com boa tolerabilidade ao tratamento. O levetiracetam é um FAC de amplo espectro, com mecanismo de ação único, diferente dos demais e que demonstra ser eficaz e seguro no tratamento de adultos e de crianças. Objetivando ampliação das opções terapêuticas para o médico prescritor e comodidade posológica para o paciente, foram desenvolvidas duas novas concentrações do levetiracetam (500mg e 1000mg), sendo avaliadas por meio de um estudo de biodisponibilidade relativa entre comprimidos de levetiracetam 750mg (medicamento referência) e 1000mg (medicamento teste), concluindo-se que ambos são equivalentes terapêuticos após ajuste de dose.
O uso de jogos eletrônicos no tratamento da doença de Parkinson / The use of video games in Parkinson's disease treatment
Authors: Holzmann Caio Soares , Hamdan Amer Cavalheiro 
Published: August 2022

A doença de Parkinson é uma doença neurodegenerativa que atrapalha a funcionalidade no cotidiano. Existe uma carência de estudos que pesquise formas inovadoras de tratamento da DP que consigam ser efetivas e acessíveis. O objetivo desta revisão foi analisar a eficácia de jogos eletrônicos no tratamento da DP.Os dados foram coletados nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e PsycINFO, utilizando os descritores ''Parkinson Disease'' AND ''Video Games''. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos controlados, randomizados, longitudinais e transversais. Os critérios de exclusão foram: artigos com relato de caso, revisão de literatura, carta ao leitor e outros estudos de caráter exploratório e descritivo, estudos não disponíveis on-line, e estudos que não utilizaram jogos eletrônicos na estimulação cognitiva para doença de Parkinson. Conclui-se que jogos eletrônicos possuem viabilidade e efetividade no tratamento da DP, sobretudo quando há planejamento específico na escolha dos jogos, generalização de aprendizado para o cotidiano, treinamento e instruções prévias para o paciente. Este promissor modelo de tratamento requer novas pesquisas com maior número e diversidade amostral aliada a maior qualidade metodológica para se estabelecer como uma nova forma de intervenção terapêutica protocolada na DP.