bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlled remote implementation of operators via hyperentanglement
Authors: An Nguyen Ba , Cao Bich Thi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Distributed quantum computation is a good solution for salable quantum computation within a quantum network each node of which just contains reasonably a few number of qubits. Controlled implementation of operators on states of a remote node is thus necessary. In this paper we propose protocols for three kinds of tasks of controlled implementation of operators on remote photon states via one hyperentangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state assisted with cross-Kerr nonlinearities: one with general operators and photon states in spatial degree of freedom (DOF), another one also with general operators but the photon state being in polarization DOF and the third one with a limited subset of operators acting on photon state in both spatial and polarization degrees of freedom. All the protocols are deterministic and performed in two steps under quantum control in each step.
Modeling of a dual-wavelength fiber amplification system for further mid-infrared generation
Authors: Su Xinyang , Xu Tianjia , Zheng Yi , Lü Xing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A dual-wavelength, two-stage Yb-doped fiber amplification system is theoretically studied for further mid-infrared generation. In this amplification system, two sections of double-clad single-mode Yb-doped fiber are used as the gain medium, and the spectrum in the wavelength range 1000–1120 nm is simulated. For the simulation of the preamplification stage, a 975 nm diode laser with a power of 6.5 W is used to pump the preamplification stage by the counter-pumping scheme, and the measured dual-wavelength seed spectra are used. For the main amplification stage simulation, the gain fiber length is 1.7 m, and a 975 nm, 7.5 W diode laser is used as the pump source. Results show that for the two-stage amplification process, the maximum value of the dual-wavelength power product can be obtained in the main amplification stage with a 1.7 m gain fiber when the 2.2 m Yb-doped fiber is selected for the preamplification stage with the counter-pumping scheme. Under the above condition, the total average power of the seed signal after amplification is calculated to be 3.2 W, with negligible ASE noise. In addition, we have compared the theoretically calculated spectral results with the experimental results of the actual main amplification stage.
RamanLIGHT—a graphical user-friendly tool for pre-processing and unmixing hyperspectral Raman spectroscopy images
Authors: Schmidt Robert W , Woutersen Sander , Ariese Freek 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a valuable tool for non-destructive vibrational analysis of chemical compounds in various samples. Through 2D scanning, it one can map the chemical surface distribution in a heterogeneous sample. These hyperspectral Raman images typically contain spectra of pure compounds that are hidden within thousands of sum spectra. Inspecting each spectrum to find the pure compounds in the dataset is impractical, and several algorithms have been described in the literature to help analyze such complex datasets. However, choosing the best approach(es) and optimizing the parameters is often difficult, and the necessary software was not yet combined in a single program. Therefore, we introduce RamanLIGHT, a fast and simple app to pre-process Raman mapping datasets and apply up to eight unsupervised unmixing algorithms to find endmember spectra of pure compounds. The user can select from six smoothing methods, four fluorescence baseline-removal methods, four normalization methods, and cosmic-ray and outlier removal to generate a uniform dataset prior to the unmixing. We included the most promising pre-processing methods, since there is no routine that perfectly fits all types of samples. Unmixed endmember spectra can be further used to visualize the distribution of compounds in a sample by creating abundance maps for each endmember separately, or a single labeled image containing all endmembers. It is also possible to create a mean spectrum for each endmember, which better describes the true compound spectrum. We tested RamanLIGHT on three samples: an aspirin-paracetamol-caffeine tablet, Alzheimer’s disease brain tissue and a phase-separated polymer coating. The datasets were pre-processed and unmixed within seconds to gain endmembers of known and unknown chemical compounds. The unmixing algorithms are sensitive to noisy spectra and strong fluorescence backgrounds, so it is important to apply pre-processing methods to a suitable degree. RamanLIGHT is freely available as an MATLAB and soon as standalone app.
Changes in microstructure and mechanical properties during the bending process of NM450 wear-resistant steel
Authors: He Jingshu , Niu Fengyong , Zuo Xiurong , Liu Denghui , Cai Minghui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Bending deformation is a typical forming method in the manufacturing process of mechanical equipment. NM450 wear-resistant steel with high strength is vulnerable to bending failure, thus decreasing the bendability. The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of NM450 wear-resistant steel during the bending process were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron backscattered diffractometer methods, and tensile test. The inner and outer arcs around the bending axis underwent compressive stress and tensile stress, respectively, causing an obvious bending deformation of the martensite laths with a high dislocation density. The tensile strength around the inner- and outer-arc of samples exceeded that at the mid-thickness. During the bending process, the microsized TiN inclusions nearby the outer arc were subjected to tensile stress and multiple microcracks/cavities perpendicular to the outer arc were formed. However, the microsized TiN inclusions nearby the inner arc underwent compressive stress, initiating the occurrence of divergent microcracks.
On the capacity and superposition of minima in neural network loss function landscapes
Authors: Niroomand Maximilian P , Morgan John W R , Cafolla Conor T , Wales David J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Minima of the loss function landscape (LFL) of a neural network are locally optimal sets of weights that extract and process information from the input data to make outcome predictions. In underparameterised networks, the capacity of the weights may be insufficient to fit all the relevant information. We demonstrate that different local minima specialise in certain aspects of the learning problem, and process the input information differently. This effect can be exploited using a meta-network in which the predictive power from multiple minima of the LFL is combined to produce a better classifier. With this approach, we can increase the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve by around

20
%

for a complex learning problem. We propose a theoretical basis for combining minima and show how a meta-network can be trained to select the representative that is used for classification of a specific data item. Finally, we present an analysis of symmetry-equivalent solutions to machine learning problems, which provides a systematic means to improve the efficiency of this approach.
Bottom-up synthesis of meta-atoms as building blocks in self-assembled metamaterials: recent advances and perspectives
Authors: Lermusiaux Laurent , Roach Lucien , Baron Alexandre , Tréguer-Delapierre Mona 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Meta-atoms interact with light in interesting ways and offer a large range of exciting properties. They exhibit optical properties inaccessible by natural atoms but their fabrication is notoriously difficult because of the precision required. In this perspective, we present the current research landscape in making meta-atoms, with a focus on the most promising self-assembly approaches and main challenges to overcome, for the development of materials with novel properties at optical frequencies.
Monotheism
Authors: Pearsall Sarah M. S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
‘Monotheism’ begins with the shocking monogamy of an Ottoman emperor, Sultan Suleyman, and how surprising this practice was to people of his time and culture. Polygamy can also be considered using the example of the patriarch Abraham among the three great monotheistic religions: Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. Overall, Jews and Muslims have allowed limited polygamy and regulated its practice, while Christians have largely rejected it. Jews and Muslim have mandated that wives had to be treated with equality and fairness. Yet there was also controversy in all of these faiths about its practice, with some Christians considering situations in which it might be appropriate and some Jews and Muslims, including wives and their families, seeking to limit polygamy. Concubines and slaves have throughout history been used as sexual partners.
Mormonism
Authors: Pearsall Sarah M. S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
‘Mormonism’ explores the origins, progress, and official end of polygamy in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Joseph Smith founded the church in 1830, and by the 1840s he was espousing a novel theology of marriage, including polygamy. Such claims about its righteousness met opposition immediately, including from his own wife, Emma Smith. Polygamy took hold among Mormon women as well as men, and it is interesting to ask why this is so. It is worth looking at the lived experience of plural marriage in Utah to find out why. The strong antipolygamy reaction provoked by the Mormons also receives attention, as do American attempts to end its practice in Utah Territory through antipolygamy novels, court cases (most notably Reynolds v. United States in 1879), and new laws. The chapter concludes with the Woodruff Manifesto of 1890 in which the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints officially discouraged the practice of polygamy.
The longitudinal association between cognitive impairment and incident visual impairment in a multiethnic Asian population: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Vu Tai Anh , Gupta Preeti , Leow Felicia Z Y , Fenwick Eva K , Man Ryan E K , Tham Yih-Chung , Xu Xin , Quek Debra Q Y , Qian Chaoxu , Sabanayagam Charumathi , Chen Christopher L H , Wong Tien Yin , Cheng Ching-Yu , Lamoureux Ecosse L 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
The relationship between baseline cognitive impairment (CI) and incident visual impairment (VI) in Asians is unclear.

Objective
To determine the associations between baseline CI with incident VI and visual acuity (VA) at 6-year follow-up in multiethnic Asians.

Design
Cohort.

Setting
Population-based.

Subjects
Two thousand three hundred and twenty-four adults aged ≥60 years from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study (response rate 64%).

Methods
CI was defined using the validated Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT). VA was objectively measured using a LogMAR chart. Any incident VI was defined as having no VI (Snellen’s VA better than or equal to 20/40) at baseline but present (VA worse than 20/40) at 6-year follow-up. VI severity was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision. Associations were assessed using logistic and linear regression models.

Results
Of the 2,324 participants, 248 had CI at baseline. Presence of baseline CI was associated with more than twice the odds of any incident VI, incident mild and moderate–severe VI (OR [95% confidence interval]: 2.48 [1.55–3.90], 2.07 [1.17–3.55], and 2.61 [1.36–4.93], respectively) and worse VA (β [95% confidence interval]: 0.026 [0.006–0.046]) at 6-year follow-up. The leading causes of incident VI were cataract and under-corrected refractive error.

Conclusions
Older adults with CI had more than double the odds of VI development and poorer VA than their cognitively intact counterparts, and most causes of incident VI were correctable. Strategies such as targeted vision screening and early intervention for early detection and management of vision loss in patients with cognitive decline are warranted.
Long-term risks for cardiovascular disease and mortality across the glycaemic spectrum in a male-predominant Chinese cohort aged 75 years or older: the Kailuan study
Authors: Liu Hangkuan , Chen Shuohua , Li Ziping , Xing Aijun , Liu Yan , Yu Jiaxin , Li Dai , Li Yongle , Zhou Xin , Yang Qing , Wu Shouling , Lei Ping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Ageing and diabetes are growing global health burdens. The current understanding of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risk across the glycaemic spectrum in older populations is limited.

Objectives
This study sought to characterise CVD and all-cause mortality risk across the glycaemic spectrum among Chinese adults aged 75 years or older in a community-based setting over10 years.

Methods
The 3,989 adults in the Kailuan Study were aged over 75 years (median age was 79 years [interquartile range: 76–82]; 2,785 normoglycaemic, 691 prediabetic and 513 diabetic, determined by fasting blood glucose levels) at baseline, predominantly male (92.9% male) and followed until December 2019. Time-varying Cox regression and competing-risk models were used to examine the hazard ratio (HR) of incident CVD and mortality across the glycaemic exposures.

Results
During median follow-up of 11.3 years, 433 first CVD and 2,222 deaths were recorded. Compared with normoglycaemia, multivariable-adjusted models revealed the following: (i) prediabetes was not associated with future risks for CVD (HR: 1.17; 95% CI 0.82–1.69) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.06; 95% CI 0.70–1.60); (ii) diabetes-associated enhanced risks for CVD and all-cause mortality were mainly confined to those exhibiting low-grade inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥2.0 mg/L) levels. The results were consistent after multiple sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
Among a male-predominant Chinese population aged 75 years or older, compared with normoglycaemic participants, prediabetes was not associated with an enhanced 10-year CVD and all-cause mortality risk, and diabetes-associated enhanced 10-year risk was mainly confined to individuals exhibiting low-grade inflammation.
Translanguaging in a Context of Colonized Education: The Case of EFL Classrooms for Arabic Speakers in Israel
Authors: Awayed-Bishara Muzna , Netz Hadar , Milani Tommaso 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious studies of translanguaging in educational contexts indicate that translanguaging practices have the potential to generate a decolonial, emancipatory process for language-minoritized students. However, these insights are mainly based on studies of minoritized learners of English as a second language. Drawing on a one-year ethnographic study conducted in six Palestinian schools in Northern Israel, the present study investigated the effects of translanguaging in a conflict-ridden context, where both the teachers and the learners are minoritized and English is learned as a foreign language. Drawing upon Butler’s (1997) concept of implicit censorship and Stroud’s (2018) linguistic citizenship, we propose colonized education as a framework for understanding the tensions between translanguaging, as a decolonial pedagogy, and English language learning. Our findings suggest that while translanguaging may indeed have a liberatory force, it could also, at the same time, take an emotional-pedagogic toll that may hinder language learning rather than support it. In contrast, critical discussions of issues that are politically and emotionally laden may be highly effective, even when conducted in the target language.
MAGI-MS: multiple seed-centric module discovery
Authors: Chow Julie C , Zhou Ryan , Hormozdiari Fereydoun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Summary
Complex disorders manifest by the interaction of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Through the construction of genetic modules that consist of highly coexpressed genes, it is possible to identify genes that participate in common biological pathways relevant to specific phenotypes. We have previously developed tools MAGI and MAGI-S for genetic module discovery by incorporating coexpression and protein interaction networks. Here, we introduce an extension to MAGI-S, denoted as Merging Affected Genes into Integrated Networks—Multiple Seeds (MAGI-MS), which permits the user to further specify a disease pathway of interest by selecting multiple seed genes likely to function in the same molecular mechanism. By providing MAGI-MS with seed genes involved in processes underlying certain classes of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as epilepsy, we demonstrate that MAGI-MS can reveal modules enriched in genes relevant to chemical synaptic transmission, glutamatergic synapse and other functions associated with the provided seed genes.

Availability and implementation
MAGI-MS is free and available at https://github.com/jchow32/MAGI-MS.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Adopting a position—analysing, theorising and decolonising transnational and transracial adoptions in Sweden
Authors: Schindele Anna ChuChu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Decolonisation was first known as the return of land when the colonial states let go of their illegal settlements in the countries or territories they conquered by violence. However, today decolonisation is also known as the practice of how structures may be decolonised, through knowledge production. The aim of this article is to decolonise Swedish transnational and transracial adoptions through the lens of feminist post-colonial theory and theorisation. The methods involve analysing the field through theoretical concepts within feminist postcolonial theory, followed by autoethnographic writing and theorising of new concepts which can lead to new theoretical positions and thus a decolonisation. New theoretical concepts added to the field are ‘the first world mother’, ‘the second world citizen’ and ‘adopting a position’. By using these theorised concepts, the article contributes to the decolonisation of transnational and transracial adoptions. This new knowledge can be of use for various stakeholders. More specifically, it can be useful for therapists and counsellors if they want to follow and explore adoptees’ lived experience and contribute to decolonisation. Although the article is based on the Swedish context, it is relevant to a wider European and global setting, in that it deepens the theoretical understanding.
Practitioner Wisdom: A Conceptual Approach
Authors: Kwong Jack M C , Fawson Peter R 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis conceptual paper explores the role that wisdom plays in social work. In the literature, this topic is primarily discussed in terms of ‘Practice Wisdom’, a kind of implicit and intuitive-based body of knowledge that is acquired through practice experience. After reviewing some formulations of it, we argue that practice wisdom faces a number of difficulties and is a misguided approach. To replace it, we propose a novel framework called ‘Practitioner Wisdom’, which emphasises that the proper subject of wisdom is not some sub-personal construct like a body of knowledge or a set of skills but the social work practitioner. Drawing from virtue theory in philosophy, we theorise that being a wise practitioner is a matter of acquiring and cultivating a character that is constituted by the relevant social work virtues and values. We conclude by discussing some benefits of practitioner wisdom, including how it can be taught to social work students and entrants, and suggest some future areas of research.
Clearance of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease prions in vivo by the Hsp70 disaggregase system
Authors: Thackray Alana M , Lam Brian , McNulty Erin E , Nalls Amy V , Mathiason Candace K , Magadi Srivathsa Subramanya , Jackson Walker S , Andréoletti Olivier , Marrero-Winkens Cristóbal , Schätzl Hermann , Bujdoso Raymond 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The metazoan Hsp70 disaggregase protects neurons from proteotoxicity that arises from the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates. Hsp70 and its co-chaperones disassemble and extract polypeptides from protein aggregates for refolding or degradation. The effectiveness of the chaperone system decreases with age and leads to accumulation rather than removal of neurotoxic protein aggregates. Therapeutic enhancement of the Hsp70 protein disassembly machinery is proposed to counter late-onset protein misfolding neurodegenerative disease that may arise. In the context of prion disease, it is not known whether stimulation of protein aggregate disassembly paradoxically leads to enhanced formation of seeding competent species of disease-specific proteins and acceleration of neurodegenerative disease. Here we have tested the hypothesis that modulation of Hsp70 disaggregase activity perturbs mammalian prion-induced neurotoxicity and prion seeding activity. To do so we used prion protein (PrP) transgenic Drosophila that authentically replicate mammalian prions. RNASeq identified that Hsp70, DnaJ-1 and Hsp110 gene expression was downregulated in prion-exposed PrP Drosophila. We demonstrated that RNAi knockdown of Hsp110 or DnaJ-1 gene expression in variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease prion-exposed human PrP Drosophila enhanced neurotoxicity, whereas overexpression mitigated toxicity. Strikingly, prion seeding activity in variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease prion-exposed human PrP Drosophila was ablated or reduced by Hsp110 or DnaJ-1 overexpression, respectively. Similar effects were seen in scrapie prion-exposed ovine PrP Drosophila with modified Hsp110 or DnaJ-1 gene expression. These unique observations show that the metazoan Hsp70 disaggregase facilitates the clearance of mammalian prions and that its enhanced activity is a potential therapeutic strategy for human prion disease.
Per a 5-derived T-cell peptides modulate NF-kB signalling to ameliorate allergic inflammation systemically in murine model of cockroach allergic hyper-reactivity
Authors: Sharma Swati , Nagar Ekta , Arora Naveen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Peptide immunotherapy (PIT) represents a safe and efficacious therapeutic regimen with in-consequential side-effects. The present study aims to identify T-cell epitopes of Per a 5 allergen, a delta class GST from Periplaneta americana and investigate effect of peptide treatment in murine model of cockroach allergen-mediated hyper-reactivity. The epitopes (TC-P1, TC-P2, and TC-P3) were identified as promiscuous MHC-II binders by MHC-Pred, ProPred, and IEDB analysis tool. Murine model of cockroach allergic hyper-reactivity was generated in Balb/c mice. A marked reduction in cellular infiltration in lungs (3-fold compared with Non-IT) was observed in T3-IT group as evidenced by total leucocyte count in BALF and histology. Specific IgE levels were reduced 3-fold in T2-IT and T3-IT compared with Non-IT with increase in IgG2a levels. IL-4 and IL-13 were reduced upto 2.5-fold in treatment groups compared with Non-IT group. Splenocytes revealed significant increase in levels of CD4+FoxP3+ T cells in TC-P1 and TC-P2 mice demonstrating a systemic shift towards Tregs. Peptide treatment downregulated NF-kB signalling in lung and enhanced the levels of immune-regulatory molecules α1-antitrypsin and elafin. Our results indicate that TC-P1 and TC-P3 alter Th2 cytokine milieu and antibody isotype ratio to suppress allergic inflammation. PIT modulates local and systemic mechanisms to resolve inflammation and possess potential for treatment in cockroach allergy.