bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absorption rate of subcutaneously infused fluid in ill multimorbid older patients
Authors: Danielsen Mathias Brix , Jødal Lars , Riis Johannes , Karmisholt Jesper Scott , Valdórsson Óskar , Jørgensen Martin Gronbech , Andersen Stig 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSubcutaneous (SC) hydration is a valuable method for treating dehydration in the very old patients. Data are absent on the absorption rate, and the availability of SC infused fluid in the circulation in this group of patients where SC hydration is particularly relevant.MethodsWe performed an explorative study on ill very old (range 78–84 years old) geriatric patients with comorbidities who received an SC infusion of 235 ml isotonic saline containing a technetium-99m pertechnetate tracer. The activity over the infusion site was measured using a gamma detector to assess the absorption rate from the SC space. The activity was measured initially every 5 minutes, with intervals extended gradually to 15 minutes. Activity in blood samples and the thyroid gland was measured to determine the rate of availability in the circulation.ResultsSix patients were included. The mean age was 81 years (SD 2.1), the number of comorbidities was 4.6 (SD 1.3), and the Tilburg frailty indicator was 3.8 (SD 2.4). When the infusion was completed after 60 minutes, 53% (95% CI 50–56%) of the infused fluid was absorbed from the SC space, with 88% (95% CI 86–90%) absorbed one hour later. The absorption rate from the SC space right after the completion of the infusion was 127 ml/h (95% CI 90–164 ml/h). The appearance of the fluid into the blood and the thyroid gland verified the transfer from SC to circulation.ConclusionThis first explorative study of absorption of SC infused fluid in the very old found an acceptable amount of fluid absorbed from the SC space into the circulation one hour after infusion had ended. Results are uniform but should be interpreted cautiously due to the low sample size.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT04536324.
Randomized, placebo controlled phase I trial of the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and acceptability of a 90 day tenofovir plus levonorgestrel vaginal ring used continuously or cyclically in women: The CONRAD 138 study
Authors: Thurman Andrea R. , Brache Vivian , Cochon Leila , Ouattara Louise A. , Chandra Neelima , Jacot Terry , Yousefieh Nazita , Clark Meredith R. , Peet Melissa , Hanif Homaira , Schwartz Jill L. , Ju Susan , Marzinke Mark A. , Erikson David W. , Parikh Urvi , Herold Betsy C. , Fichorova Raina N. , Tolley Elizabeth , Doncel Gustavo F. 
Published: October 2022

Multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs), which prevent sexually transmitted infection(s) and unintended pregnancy, are highly desirable to women. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, phase I study, women used a placebo or tenofovir (TFV) and levonorgestrel (LNG) intravaginal ring (IVR), either continuously or cyclically (three, 28-day cycles with a 3 day interruption in between each cycle), for 90 days. Sixty-eight women were screened; 47 were randomized to 4 arms: TFV/LNG or placebo IVRs used continuously or cyclically (4:4:1:1). Safety was assessed by adverse events and changes from baseline in mucosal histology and immune mediators. TFV concentrations were evaluated in multiple compartments. LNG concentration was determined in serum. Modeled TFV pharmacodynamic antiviral activity was evaluated in vaginal and rectal fluids and cervicovaginal tissueex vivo. LNG pharmacodynamics was assessed with cervical mucus quality and anovulation. All IVRs were safe with no serious adverse events nor significant changes in genital tract histology, immune cell density or secreted soluble proteins from baseline. Median vaginal fluid TFV concentrations were >500 ng/mg throughout 90d. TFV-diphosphate tissue concentrations exceeded 1,000 fmol/mg within 72hrs of IVR insertion. Mean serum LNG concentrations exceeded 200 pg/mL within 2h of TFV/LNG use, decreasing quickly after IVR removal. Vaginal fluid of women using TFV-containing IVRs had significantly greater inhibitory activity (87–98% versus 10% at baseline; p<0.01) against HIV replicationin vitro. There was a >10-fold reduction in HIV p24 antigen production from ectocervical tissues after TFV/LNG exposure. TFV/LNG IVR users had significantly higher rates of anovulation, lower Insler scores and poorer/abnormal cervical mucus sperm penetration. Most TFV/LNG IVR users reported no change in menstrual cycles or fewer days of and/or lighter bleeding. All IVRs were safe. Active rings delivered high TFV concentrations locally. LNG caused changes in cervical mucus, sperm penetration, and ovulation compatible with contraceptive efficacy.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov#NCT03279120.
Geospatial analysis of blindness within rural and urban counties
Authors: Sanchez Facundo G. , Gardiner Stuart K. , Demirel Shaban , Rees Jack P. , Mansberger Steven L. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
To determine the associations of blindness within rural and urban counties using a registry of blind persons and geospatial analytics.

Methods
We used the Oregon Commission for the Blind registry to determine the number of persons who are legally blind, as well as licensure data to determine the density of eye care providers (optometrists and ophthalmologists) within each county of the State of Oregon. We used geospatial statistics, analysis of variance, and logistic regression to determine the explanatory variables associated with blindness within counties.

Results
We included 8350 individuals who are legally blind within the state of Oregon in the calendar year 2015. The mean observed prevalence of registered blindness was 0.21% and ranged almost 9-fold from 0.04% to 0.58% among counties (p < .001). In univariate models, higher blindness was associated with increasing median age (p = .027), minority race (p < .001), decreased median household income (p < .001), increased poverty within a county (p < .001), and higher density of ophthalmologists (p = .003). Density of optometrists was not associated with prevalence of blindness (p = .89). The final multivariable model showed higher blindness to be associated with lower median household income, higher proportion of black race, and lower proportion of Hispanic race (p < .001 for all).

Conclusion
Geospatial analytics identified counties with higher and lower than expected proportions of blindness even when adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Clinicians and researchers may use the methods and results of this study to better understand the distribution of individuals with blindness and the associated factors to help design public health interventions.
Staurolemma omphalarioides (Pannariaceae, Ascomycota), a new species and genus for the lichen flora of Russia from Abrau Peninsula (North-Western Caucasus)
Authors: Urbanavichus Gennady P. , Urbanavichene Irina N. , Simakova Ulyana V. , Moskalenko Victoria N. 
Published: October 2022

The genus Staurolemma Körb., represented by the species S. omphalarioides (Anzi) P. M. Jørg. et Henssen, identified both by morphology and using DNA barcoding (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 gene), is reported for the first time for Russia, based on materials collected in the North-Western Caucasus in the Utrish Reserve on the Abrau Peninsula. The genus Staurolemma is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics, and only one species S. omphalarioides, has a Mediterranean-Atlantic area. As in the Mediterranean basin, in the Abrau Peninsula, the species is confined to warm and humid habitats on the Black Sea coast, where it grows in sub-Mediterranean plant communities, in oak-juniper and juniper-pistachio forests, on the trunks and branches of deciduous trees, mainly on Pistacia mutica Fisch. et C. A. Mey. and Quercus pubescens Willd. Description and photo of species are given with a discussion on their taxonomy and distribution. For some studied specimens, new rITS sequences were generated and their GenBank accession numbers are provided.
Phytocoenotical behaviour of nemoral and boreal-nemoral plant species in taiga zone communities
Authors: Kucherov Ilja B. , Zverev Andrey A. 
Published: October 2022

Phytocoenotic behaviour of 14 nemoral or boreal-nemoral vascular plant species is analyzed in the middle- and southern-taiga subzones in comparison with that in the broadleaved-forest zone, based upon the set of 1669 relevés made in European Russia in 1996–2018. The nemoral species are mainly represented by shadow mesoeutrophic plants from the “corteges” of Tilia cordata s. l. and Fagus sylvatica. The more light-demanding plants from the Quercus robur “cortege”, either mesotrophic, or mesoeutrophic, more often demonstrate the boreal-nemoral type of zonal distribution. In the boreal-forest zone, linden and beech companions are typical for the southern-boreal nemoral-herb / sorrel spruce (Picea abies s. l.) forests on placors as well as the valley / riparian tall-herb forests, including the middle-boreal ones. The oak companions also inhabit grass-feathermoss pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests, besides the spruce forest types mentioned. Species from all the named “corteges” are also common in the small-leaved forests. The Betula companions which grow together with the nemoral plants in boreal forests could also be subdivided into the two florogenetical groups, namely a) the boreal, originally subalpine plants and b) the boreal-nemoral ones, originally oak companions. Species from the latter group often become widespread and dominant in the small-leaved forests; a good example is provided by Aegopodium podagraria. The rank correlation (Spearman rS) analysis shows the projective cover increase is connected with either the growing season warmth supply, or the climate oceanicity for both nemoral and boreal-nemoral species. These effects are most sound in the placor community sequence from broadleaved forests to sorrel and then bilberry-feathermoss spruce ones but weakened in the tall-herb forests on rich soil and completely levelled in the aspen (Populus tremula) forests. Carbonate bedrock outcrops contribute to nemoral species survival in the areas they inhabited during the climatically favourable epochs; they also favoured the migration of these species during the interglacials. Individualization of coenotic patterns of nemoral species at their distribution limits does not contradict to joint occurrence of such plants in relict / extrazonal locations.
Faktor Prioritas Peningkatan Kualitas Lingkungan Permukiman Nelayan Di Kelurahan Manggar Baru Kota Balikpapan
Authors: Wardani Mega Kusuma , Kadri Mohtana Kharisma 
Published: October 2022

Kelurahan Manggar Baru berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Walikota Balikpapan Nomor 188.45-667 Tahun 2014 termasuk kedalam salah satu dari 12 Kelurahan yang ditetapkan sebagai permukiman kumuh di Kota Balikpapan dengan luas kawasan kumuh sebesar 50,64 hektar. Terjadi penurunan kualitas lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh minimnya ketersediaan infrastruktur, seperti pada jaringan drainase yang minim memadai sehingga tidak mampu mengendalikan limpasan air hujan dan menimbulkan genangan. Adapun permasalahan lainnya yaitu belum terdapat upaya dalam pengelolaan sampah meliputi pewadahan, pemilahan dan pengolahan skala lingkungan. Upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Balikpapan dalam mengatasi permasalahan adalah dengan mengimplementasikan program bantuan air bersih khusus MBR (masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah), namun belum terlayani secara keseluruhan dikarenakan prasarana yang kurang memadai. Implementasi program pembangunan septictank juga mengalami kendala yaitu belum meratanya program untuk seluruh masyarakat, sehingga terdapat masyarakat yang melakukan pembangunan dengan swadaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor prioritas yang mempengaruhi peningkatan kualitas lingkungan permukiman nelayan di Kelurahan Manggar Baru dengan menggunakan metode analisis AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process). Hasil analisis AHP menunjukkan faktor prioritas yang mempengaruhi peningkatan kualitas lingkungan permukiman nelayan di Kelurahan Manggar Baru yaitu pada aspek lingkungan dengan nilai bobot sebesar 0,37 sedangkan untuk sub kriteria didapatkan faktor prioritas yaitu kondisi penyediaan air bersih dengan nilai bobot sebesar 0,28. Kata kunci: Kualitas Lingkungan; Peningkatan Kualitas Lingkungan; Permukiman Nelayan
Umbilical cord blood gases: probability of arterial or venous source in acidemia
Authors: Monneret Denis , Stavis Robert L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Umbilical cord blood gases (UBG) may be a critical element in the assessment of a depressed newborn infant but in some cases the arterial or venous UBG source is uncertain making clinical and/or medical-legal interpretation difficult. Objective: to estimate the probability of an arterial (ProbAS) or venous (ProbVS) UBG source depending on blood gas parameters in acidemic cases.

Methods
A total of 56,703 pairs of concomitant arterial and venous (CAV) UBG results assayed over an 8.8-year period were analyzed. Specimen pairs with preanalytical issues, duplicate source, or physiologically out-of-range or uninterpretable results were excluded. The 3,579 CAV-UBGs with an arterial and venous pH 6.70 to 7.25 were analyzed. Generalized additive model (gam)-based binomial logistic regressions were used to determine the ProbAS and ProbVS according to the blood gas parameters.

Results
The relative differences between arterial and venous medians were: pO2 ‒47%, pCO2 22%, pH −11%, and BD 4%. Below a median of 2.4 kPa, the lower the pO2, the higher the ProbAS. Above this value, the higher the pO2, the lower the ProbAS. An Excel worksheet is provided to calculate ProbAS and ProbVS from the regression model for different combinations of pH, pCO2, and pO2 values. Considering ProbAS and ProbVS above a cutoff 0.8, the model correctly identified the source in 56% of cases while 41% were indeterminant and 3% were erroneous.

Conclusions
The probability of an arterial or venous source of an umbilical blood gas can be estimated based on the pH, pCO2, and pO2 in most acidemic specimens.
Orthostatic intolerance and neurocognitive impairment in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
Authors: Gaglio Caroline L. , Islam Mohammed F. , Cotler Joseph , Jason Leonard A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The Institute of Medicine (IOM 2015. Beyond Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Redefining an Illness. Washington: The National Academies Press) suggested new criteria for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), which requires an endorsement of either neurocognitive impairment or orthostatic intolerance (OI) in addition to other core symptoms. While some research supports the inclusion of OI as a core symptom, others argue that overlap with neurocognitive impairment does not justify the either/or option. The current study assessed methods of operationalizing OI using items from the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire (DSQ-1 and -2) as a part of the IOM criteria. Evaluating the relationship between OI and neurocognitive symptoms may lead to a better understanding of diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS.

Methods
Two-hundred and forty-two participants completed the DSQ. We examined how many participants met the IOM criteria while endorsing different frequencies and severities of various OI symptoms.

Results
Neurocognitive impairment was reported by 93.4% of respondents. OI without concurrent neurocognitive symptoms only allowed for an additional 1.7–4.5% of participants to meet IOM criteria.

Conclusions
Neurocognitive symptoms and OI overlap in ME/CFS, and our results do not support the IOM’s inclusion of neurocognitive impairment and OI as interchangeable symptoms. Furthermore, our findings highlight the need for a uniform method of defining and measuring OI via self-report in order to accurately study OI as a symptom of ME/CFS.
A generalized stochastic SIR epidemic model with vaccination rules
Authors: Ma Zhihui , Qi Ting , Li Xiaohua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a generalized stochastic SIR epidemic model with vaccination rules is presented and the threshold behavior of the proposed epidemic model is investigated. Firstly, the stability of the equilibrium of the deterministic system is considered and the corresponding conditions are obtained. Secondly, the threshold of a stochastic SIR system for the extinction and the permanence in mean of epidemic disease are investigated. The results show that a larger stochastic disturbance can cause infections diseases to go to extinction. However, for a relatively small stochastic disturbance, the evolutionary dynamics of the epidemic diseases are overwhelmingly depend on the incidence function. This implies that the stochastic disturbance and the incidence function play an important role in diseases control. To test the theoretical results, a series of numerical simulations of these cases with respect to different noise disturbance coefficients are conducted.
Le dossier du Patrice Grégoire dans les sources arabes
Authors: Mkacher Anis 
Published: October 2022

Résumé en français
L’intégration de la région africaine au sein de l’Empire musulman fut l’occasion pour de nombreux historiens, géographes et autres érudits de s’intéresser à ces contrées, d’écrire une histoire de sa conquête et, par la suite, de dresser un tableau plus large qui englobait les aspects sociaux ou économiques de la région. Dans le présent travail, nous avons réalisé une enquête sur le Patrice Grégoire à travers les témoignages des récits arabes. Cette recherche est fondée sur un recensement de ces mentions et une analyse de leur contenu. L’objectif majeur est de comprendre l’apport de cette catégorie de textes à un épisode particulier de la conquête arabe de l’Afrique du Nord.
Computer-assisted orbital and midfacial reconstruction
Authors: Gellrich Nils-Claudius , Eckstein Fabian M. , Rahlf Björn , Lentge Fritjof , Spalthoff Simon , Jehn Philipp , Korn Philippe 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
Computer assistance has become indispensable in the reconstruction of the orbit and midface. Although these are key areas of an individual’s esthetic appearance, defects or deformities of the midface, especially those of the orbit, are treated diversely.

Methods
The aim of this article is to present the wide utility of computer-assistance in modern craniomaxillofacial surgery, including virtual planning, computer-aided design, guided surgery, navigational control, patient-specific implants, and quality control via image fusion.

Results
There have been rapid advances in both digital planning and manufacturing processes, with continual improvements.

Conclusions
Patient-specific implants have pushed the boundaries of reconstructive surgery in all surgical specialties.
Platelet-derived concentrates influence human keratinocyte proliferation in vitro and induce wound healing in a prospective case series of chronic wounds of different entities in vivo
Authors: Paulmann Anastasia , Strauss Sarah , Limbourg Anne , Vogt Peter M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Soft tissues defects can extend into the fat layer or even deeper and can cause significant clinical disadvantages like pain, infections, and loss of function. In particular, chronic wounds are difficult to treat, as split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) have varying success rates. To improve wound healing in chronic wounds, the authors have studied the application of platelet-mediator concentrate (PMC) in a human keratinocyte culture model in vitro and of autologous platelet concentrates (PRP) in a combination with surgical procedures in vivo as second line therapy in patients with initially failed wound closure.

Methods
For in vitro testing on keratinocytes, a PMC was processed with a commercially available bedside system (ATR®, Curasan, Germany). In a clinical, nonrandomized study, five in-house patients with chronic wounds were treated using a combination of surgical debridement and autologous PRP. Time of healing as determined by epithelization as well as laser Doppler imaging to visualize blood flow was analyzed. Additionally, changes in ease of surgical wound closure were determined. Finally, the quality of life of patients was assessed using a validated questionnaire (clinicaltrials.gov # NCT03667638).

Results

In vitro testing shows a significant effect of PMC on keratinocyte proliferation in cell culture. Clinical studies showed that patients treated with PRP had initiation of wound closure, higher blood flow after PRP injection, and easier wound closure as well as improved quality of life.

Conclusions
The injection of platelet concentrates to treat chronic wound defects presents a favorable addition to treatment where single surgical procedures have failed and may improve current therapy options.
Thyroid surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: difficulties – how to improve
Authors: Stefanou Christos K. , Papathanakos Georgios , Stefanou Stefanos K. , Tepelenis Kostas , Kitsouli Aikaterini , Barbouti Alexandra , Flindris Stefanos , Tsoumanis Periklis , Kanavaros Panagiotis , Kitsoulis Panagiotis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In December 2019, the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization after rapidly spreading over the world in just a few months. All elective operations and nonemergency treatments have been postponed worldwide. However, some patients require surgical therapy as well, and the time spent waiting should not have a negative impact on the surgical outcome or disease course. Following the initial onset of the COVID-19 epidemic, instructions for proper and safe surgery for healthcare staff and patients should develop. Thyroid surgeries have decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of them can be postponed for a long time. Assessment of thyroid nodules recommends clinical examination, imaging studies, fine needle aspiration (FNA) and vocal cord examination. All these procedures are necessary, and sometimes they cannot be postponed. To determine the best timing, a thorough preoperative assessment should be undertaken, taking into account both oncological and anatomical features. Furthermore, COVID-19 status must be negative prior to any intervention, and hospital infrastructure must be ready to deal with the demanding situation.
Manganese-functionalized MXene theranostic nanoplatform for MRI-guided synergetic photothermal/chemodynamic therapy of cancer
Authors: An Dong , Wu Xin , Gong Yaolin , Li Wenlu , Dai Guidong , Lu Xiaofei , Yu Liangmin , Ren Wen Xiu , Qiu Meng , Shu Jian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) nanosheets with high photothermal conversion efficiency as well as photothermal stability can efficiently generate remarkable hyperthermia for photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer. However, mono-MXenes cannot exhibit precise diagnosis and treatment to complete ablation of cancer cells in the PTT process. To overcome this dilemma, an “all-in-one” nanoplatform of titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene-based composite nanosheets is developed for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided multi-modal hyperthermia and chemodynamic tumor ablation, which was achieved by bonding of manganese ion on the surface of Ti3C2, and then was the functionalized nanosheets was modified by biocompatible PEG (Mn-Ti3C2@PEG). Due to magnetic and Fenton-like catalytic properties of Mn components, Mn-Ti3C2@PEG not only acted as the contrast agents for T1-weighted MRI (relaxivity value of 1.05 mM−1 s−1), but also converted cellular H2O2 into highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH) mediated chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Moreover, Furthermore, Mn-Ti3C2@PEG can efficiently suppressed tumor-growth by PTT, due to the high photothermal conversion capability and photothermal stability. As a proof-of-concept model, the as-designed Mn-Ti3C2@PEG nanoplatform shows simultaneous MRI and dual-modal treatment for effective suppression of tumor with minimized side effects both in vitro and in vivo, indicating the great potential for clinical cancer theranostics.