bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Somatic SNCA Copy Number Variants in Multiple System Atrophy are Related to Pathology and Inclusions
Authors: Garcia‐Segura Monica Emili , Perez‐Rodriguez Diego , Chambers Darren , Jaunmuktane Zane , Proukakis Christos 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSomatic α‐synuclein (SNCA) copy number variants (CNVs, specifically gains) occur in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease brains.ObjectiveThe aim was to compare somatic SNCA CNVs in MSA subtypes (striatonigral degeneration [SND] and olivopontocerebellar atrophy [OPCA]) and correlate with inclusions.MethodsWe combined fluorescent in situ hybridization with immunofluorescence for α‐synuclein and in some cases oligodendrocyte marker tubulin polymerization promoting protein (TPPP).ResultsWe analyzed one to three brain regions from 24 MSA cases (13 SND, 11 OPCA). In a region preferentially affected in one subtype (putamen in SND, cerebellum in OPCA), mosaicism was higher in that subtype, and cells with CNVs were 4.2 times more likely to have inclusions. In the substantia nigra, nonpigmented cells with CNVs and TPPP were about six times more likely to have inclusions.ConclusionsThe correlation between SNCA CNVs and pathology (at a regional level) and inclusions (at a single‐cell level) suggests a role for somatic SNCA CNVs in MSA pathogenesis. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
White‐matter correlates of anxiety: The contribution of the corpus‐callosum to the study of anxiety and stress‐related disorders
Authors: Saar‐Ashkenazy Rotem , Guez Jonathan , Jacob Yael , Veksler Ronel , Cohen Jonathan E. , Shelef Ilan , Friedman Alon , Benifla Mony 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesTraumatic stress has been associated with increased risk for brain alterations and development of anxiety disorders. Studies conducted in posttraumatic patients have shown white‐mater volume and diffusion alterations in the corpus‐callosum. Decreased cognitive performance has been demonstrated in acute stress disorder and posttraumatic patients. However, whether cognitive alterations result from stress related neuropathology or reflect a predisposition is not known. In the current study, we examined in healthy controls, whether individual differences in anxiety are associated with those cognitive and brain alterations reported in stress related pathologies.MethodsTwenty healthy volunteers were evaluated for anxiety using the state‐trait inventory (STAI), and were tested for memory performance. Brain imaging was employed to extract volumetric and diffusion characteristics of the corpus‐callosum.ResultsSignificant correlations were found between trait anxiety and all three diffusion parameters (fractional‐anisotropy, mean and radial‐diffusivity). Associative‐memory performance and corpus‐callosum volume were also significantly correlated.ConclusionWe suggest that cognitive and brain alterations, as tested in the current work and reported in stress related pathologies, are present early and possibly persist throughout life. Our findings support the hypothesis that individual differences in trait anxiety predispose individuals towards negative cognitive outcomes and brain alterations, and potentially to stress related disorders.
Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 predicts surgical outcomes in 1532 patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shang Jingjing , Zhao Gongyin , Gong Jinhong , Su Dan , Wang Yuji , Wang Liangliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLimited information exists about the predictive effect of Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 on orthopedic surgery. The aim of the present study is to explore the role of NRS 2002 in postoperative complications and resource utilization in patients with total joint arthroplasty (TJA).MethodsWe retrospectively collected the demographics and surgical results of nearly 2000 TJA patients admitted from 2016 to 2020 and assessed the differences in short‐ and long‐term complications and resource utilization parameters. Multivariate linear, logistic regression, and subgroup analysis were subsequently used to control for potential confounders. Survival analysis was performed to further verify the cumulative incidence of postoperative complications.ResultsWe identified 1532 patients receiving TJA, 8.7% of which were at nutrition risk (NRS 2002 score ≥3 out of 7). Preoperative nutrition risk was associated with an increased risk of systemic complications, incisional complications, surgical site infection (SSI), incisional SSI, periprosthetic joint infection, dislocation, and periprosthetic fracture after TJA (odds ratio [OR], 3.62–31.99; all P < 0.05). Preoperative nutrition risk was further associated with an increased risk of cardiac complications, respiratory complications, urinary complications, and arthroplasty‐related reoperation (OR, 3.16–12.29; all P < 0.01). Moreover, preoperative nutrition risk was associated with increased costs and length of stay, and increased risk of unplanned intensive care unit admission, arthroplasty‐related readmission, infection‐related readmission, and SSI‐related readmission.ConclusionsNRS 2002 is associated with an elevated risk of postoperative complications and increased resource utilization, following TJA. Thus, routine screening is recommended to identify nutrition risk statuses of patients undergoing elective TJA.
Formation of zinc phthalocyanine on polymethyl methacrylate chain: Its nanographene‐based composite, thermal, electrical and optical behaviors
Authors: Zebari Osama Ismail Haji , Demirelli Kadir , Tuncer Hülya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPoly[4‐((4‐vinylbenzyl)oxy) phthalonitrile‐co‐methyl methacrylate] [P(VBOPN10.7%‐co‐MMA)] was prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method at 110°C. Green colored single chain polymer molecule via intramolecular formation of zinc phthalocyanine (SCP‐ZnPc) on polymer chain was synthesized using VBOPN as a precursor copolymer under conditions of dilute cyclohexanol and at 140–150°C. The successful formation of zinc phthalocyanine on a single chain molecule was confirmed using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and UV/Vis spectroscopy techniques. Nanogaphene‐based SCP‐ZnPc composite was prepared to employ 6 weight (wt)% of total weight and were investigated its thermal, electrical, dielectric and optical properties. The dielectric and DC electrical conductivity of SCP‐ZnPc/NG 6 wt% nanocomposite were found to increase depending upon temperature. And the conduction obeyed the Arrhenius relationship with the activation energy, Ea values for I. and II. regions were 0.345 eV and 0.275 eV, respectively. The optical constants (refractive index, real value of optical dielectric constant) and the optical band gap of SCP‐ZnPc/NG 6 wt% were estimated. The direct band gap and refractive index of SCP‐ZnPc/NG 6 wt% were estimated, and its direct band gap was estimated as 2.7 eV.
Investigation on the enhancement of electromagnetic shielding with efficient use of short carbon fiber inMWCNT‐epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Parameswarreddy Gandluri , Yadam Yugandhara Rao , Arunachalam Kavitha , Sarathi Ramanujam , Suematsu Hisayuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of the epoxy polymer composite reinforced with carbon fiber mat (CFM), short carbon fiber (SCF), and multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) is studied in the X‐band (8–12 GHz). Single‐layer unidirectional CFM of 30 wt% epoxy composite with 0° and 90° orientations resulted in EMI shielding of 5 dB and 29.6 dB, respectively. To avoid the influence of CFM orientation on the EMI shielding, SCF of distinct weight percentages (1 and 5 wt%) with fixed weight percentage (1 wt%) of MWCNT are reinforced into epoxy matrix. The EMI shielding provided by 2 mm thick epoxy composite reinforced with 5 wt% SCF along with 1 wt% MWCNT (CNT‐SCF5) is 35.4 dB. The microstructural study revealed uniform dispersion and better adhesion of MWCNT and SCF in the epoxy matrix. The dielectric properties of the fabricated samples indicated an increase in permittivity, electrical tanδ, and conductivity with the grading of SCF and MWCNT. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength and strain of the CNT‐SCF5 showed an increment in ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus. The homogeneous CNT‐SCF5 epoxy composite with enhanced EMI shielding ability and mechanical properties could be utilized as an efficient EMI shielding material.
Near‐infrared spectroscopy in child and adolescent neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Yamamuro Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNear‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive optical technique that uses the near‐infrared spectrum for functional neuroimaging by measuring oxygenation and hemodynamic changes in the cerebral cortex. The advantages of NIRS include its portability and ease of application, which allows for testing with the subject in natural positions, such as sitting or standing. Since 1994, NIRS has been increasingly used to conduct functional activation studies on different psychiatric disorders, most prominently schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, limited information on its use among child and adolescent patients is available. We herein review recent findings obtained using NIRS measurements of the brain during cognitive tasks in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and Tourette's disorder. This will facilitate evaluations of the causation and treatment of prefrontal cortex dysfunctions.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among older adults
Authors: Pitisuttithum Panyavee , Treeprasertsuk Sombat 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the leading cause of liver disease, and its prevalence is expected to increase in the future due to the increasing prevalence of obesity and an increasing aging population. With increases in longevity, NAFLD has emerged as a growing public health concern worldwide. NAFLD is a multisystem disease that has a strong association with metabolic risk factors. The presence of NAFLD increases the risks of liver‐ and cardiovascular‐related mortality. Many studies have found age to be an additional risk factor for advanced fibrosis, which is associated with adverse outcomes. The identification of high‐risk older persons using noninvasive methods is a key step in community management. Limitations in the diagnostic performance of current assessment methods have been encountered. This review provides an update on the new terminology that has changed from NAFLD to metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, noninvasive assessment, and prognosis of older persons with NAFLD.
Evaluation index system for the implementation of extended producer responsibility system: Chinese beverage paper‐based composite packaging manufacturers
Authors: Chen Jian , Mu Xianzhong , Tu Chuang , Hu Guangwen 
Published: November 2022

Paper‐based composite packages, which have been widely used for beverage in modern daily life, are featured of nutrition preservation and convenience. However, it is also causing environmental problems in urban areas because of the low recycling rate. The introduction of extended producer responsibility (EPR) is helpful to improving the recycling rate of beverage paper‐based composite packaging by extending the producer's environmental‐protecting responsibility for the product from its production to its end‐of‐life treatment. To find out the optimal strategy of applying the EPR system for beverage paper‐based composite packaging, this paper is conducted based on the basic framework of the EPR system, combined with the specific requirements of the EPR System Implementation Plan promulgated by China and the Implementation Plan of the EPR System for Beverage Paper‐Based Composite Packaging. An evaluation index system for beverage paper‐based composite packaging manufacturers is constructed to perform the EPR system, including three management‐level indicators, 10 standard‐level indicators and 42 programme‐level indicators. A comprehensive evaluation method is introduced to help the producers to fulfill the extended producer responsibility. Results suggest that beverage paper‐based composite packaging producers should first fulfill the responsibility in information disclosure, ecological design and use of recycled materials.
Risk profile and mode of transmission of Mpox: A rapid review and individual patient data meta‐analysis of case studies
Authors: Núñez‐Cortés Rodrigo , Calatayud Joaquín , López‐Gil José Francisco , Koyanagi Ai , Casaña José , López‐Bueno Rubén 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince May 2022, an outbreak of Mpox in non‐endemic countries has become a potential public health threat. The objective of this rapid review was to examine the risk profile and modes of transmission of Mpox. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception through July 30 to collect case reports/series on patients with Mpox infection. For meta‐analysis, data on the total number of participants and deaths by binary categories of exposure (age, sex, country, other co‐infections or existing conditions, and mode of contagion) were used. A total of 62 studies (4659 cases) were included. Most cases came from Africa (84.3%), followed by Europe (13.9%). In 63.6% of the cases, the mode of contagion was human contact, while 22.8% of the cases were by animal contact, and 13.5% were unknown or not reported. The mortality rate was 6.5% throughout these studies. The risk of mortality was higher in the younger age group (risk difference: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.02–0.36), in cases with other co‐infections or current chronic conditions (risk difference: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.05) and in the category of low‐ and middle‐income countries (risk difference: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.05–0.08). There were no significant differences with respect to sex or mode of contagion. These results help to understand the major infection pathways and mortality risk profiles of Mpox and underscores the importance of preventing outbreaks in specific settings, especially in settings densely populated by children, such as day care centres and schools.
Unscented Kalman filter with stable embedding for simple, accurate, and computationally efficient state estimation of systems on manifolds in Euclidean space
Authors: Park Jae‐Hyeon , Chang Dong Eui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a simple, accurate, and computationally efficient method to apply the ordinary unscented Kalman filter (UKF) developed in Euclidean space to systems whose dynamics evolve on manifolds. We use the mathematical theory called stable embedding to make a variant of UKF that keeps state estimates in close proximity to the manifold while exhibiting excellent estimation performance. We confirm the performance of our devised filter by applying it to the satellite system model and comparing the performance with other UKFs devised specifically for systems on manifolds. Our devised filter has a low estimation error, keeps the state estimates in close proximity to the manifold as expected, and consumes a minor amount of computation time. Also our devised filter is simple and easy to use because our filter directly employs the off‐the‐shelf standard UKF devised in Euclidean space without any particular manifold‐structure‐preserving discretization method or coordinate transformation.
Cross‐cultural implications of linguistic future time reference and institutional uncertainty on social entrepreneurship
Authors: Hechavarría Diana M. , Brieger Steven A. , Levasseur Ludvig , Terjesen Siri A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryUsing a sample of 205,792 individuals in 70 countries with 39 languages, this paper presents novel empirical evidence for how a language's future time reference, defined as the requirement that speakers mark time in the future, affects a speaker's likelihood of engaging in social entrepreneurship. FTR subtly shapes a speaker's temporal orientation, such that speaking a futured language (i.e., strong FTR) favors a short‐term orientation which positively affects the likelihood of being a social entrepreneur. Furthermore, institutional uncertainty arising from weakly entrenched institutions moderates this relationship. Individuals who speak futured languages in contexts characterized by regulatory institutional uncertainty (weak rule of law, weak property rights, and strong corruption) are more likely to engage in social entrepreneurship. Theoretical and practical implications and future research directions are discussed.Managerial SummaryThis paper examines the influence of language and regulatory institutions on an individual's decision to engage in social entrepreneurship. We show that entrepreneurial strategies towards social value creation are more likely to be pursued in countries where language is characterized as futured (i.e., using sentences with “will/shall + infinitive”) with the linguistic feature of future time reference (FTR). Moreover, the positive impact FTR has on the strategic decision to become a social entrepreneur intensifies when there is regulatory institutional uncertainty. That is, the probability an individual is a social entrepreneur increases when there is weak rule of law, weak property rights, and strong corruption within a country. In sum, our study highlights the important interplay between language, an overlooked cognitive institution, and regulatory institutions in shaping entrepreneurial behaviors and social outcomes.
One‐Step Formation of Targeted Liposomes in a Versatile Microfluidic Mixing Device
Authors: Shan Han , Sun Xin , Liu Xin , Sun Qi , He Yao , Chen Ziyan , Lin Qibo , Jiang Zixi , Chen Xiang , Chen Zeyu , Zhao Shuang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTargeted liposomes, as a promising carrier, have received tremendous attention in COVID‐19 vaccines, molecular imaging, and cancer treatment, due to their enhanced cellular uptake and payload accumulation at target sites. However, the conventional methods for preparing targeted liposomes still suffer from limitations, including complex operation, time‐consuming, and poor reproducibility. Herein, a facile and scalable strategy is developed for one‐step construction of targeted liposomes using a versatile microfluidic mixing device (MMD). The engineered MMD provides an advanced synthesis platform for multifunctional liposome with high production rate and controllability. To validate the method, a programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1)‐targeting aptamer modified indocyanine green (ICG)‐liposome (Apt‐ICG@Lip) is successfully constructed via the MMD. ICG and the PD‐L1‐targeting aptamer are used as model drug and targeting moiety, respectively. The Apt‐ICG@Lip has high encapsulation efficiency (89.9 ± 1.4%) and small mean diameter (129.16 ± 5.48 nm). In vivo studies (PD‐L1‐expressing tumor models) show that Apt‐ICG@Lip can realize PD‐L1 targeted photoacoustic imaging, fluorescence imaging, and photothermal therapy. To verify the versatility of this approach, various targeted liposomes with different functions are further prepared and investigated. These experimental results demonstrate that this method is concise, efficient, and scalable to prepare multifunctional targeted liposomal nanoplatforms for molecular imaging and disease theranostics.
Natural Carrier‐Free Binary Small Molecule Self‐Assembled Hydrogel Synergize Antibacterial Effects and Promote Wound Healing by Inhibiting Virulence Factors and Alleviating the Inflammatory Response
Authors: Wang Zhijia , Lu Jihui , Yuan Zhihua , Pi Wenmin , Huang Xuemei , Lin Xiaoyu , Zhang Yaozhi , Lei Haimin , Wang Penglong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)‐infected skin wounds have caused a variety of diseases and seriously endanger global public health. Therefore, multidimensional strategies are urgently to find antibacterial dressings to combat bacterial infections. Antibacterial hydrogels are considered potential wound dressing, while their clinical translation is limited due to the unpredictable risks and high costs of carrier excipients. it is found that the natural star antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory phytochemicals baicalin (BA) and sanguinarine (SAN) can directly self‐assemble through non‐covalent bonds such as electrostatic attraction, π–π stacking, and hydrogen bonding to form carrier‐free binary small molecule hydrogel. In addition, BA‐SAN gel exhibited a synergistic inhibitory effect on MRSA. And its plasticity and injectability allowed it to be applied as a wound dressing. Due to the matched physicochemical properties and synergistic therapeutic effects, BA‐SAN gel can inhibit bacterial virulence factors, alleviate wound inflammation, promote wound healing, and has good biocompatibility. The current study not only provided an antibacterial hydrogel with clinical value but also opened up new prospects that carrier‐free hydrogels can be designed and originated from clinically used small‐molecule phytochemicals.
Advanced Covalent Organic Framework‐Based Membranes for Recovery of Ionic Resources
Authors: Wu Chao , Xia Lei , Xia Shengji , Van der Bruggen Bart , Zhao Yan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMembrane technology has shown a viable potential in conversion of liquid‐waste or high‐salt streams to fresh waters and resources. However, the non‐adjustability pore size of traditional membranes limits the application of ion capture due to their low selectivity for target ions. Recently, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have become a promising candidate for construction of advanced ion separation membranes for ion resource recovery due to their low density, large surface area, tunable channel structure, and tailored functionality. This tutorial review aims to analyze and summarize the progress in understanding ion capture mechanisms, preparation processes, and applications of COF‐based membranes. First, the design principles for target ion selectivity are illustrated in terms of theoretical simulation of ions transport in COFs, and key properties for ion selectivity of COFs and COF‐based membranes. Next, the fabrication methods of diverse COF‐based membranes are classified into pure COF membranes, COF continuous membranes, and COF mixed matrix membranes. Finally, current applications of COF‐based membranes are highlighted: desalination, extraction, removal of toxic metal ions, radionuclides and lithium, and acid recovery. This review presents promising approaches for design, preparation, and application of COF‐based membranes in ion selectivity for recovery of ionic resources.