bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aggie Disaster Response Mental Health Recovery Network: Hurricane Disaster Recovery in North Carolina
Authors: Booth Caroline S. , Dunlap Paige , Wang Yudan 
Published: June 2022

As the number of natural disasters and the population of the world continues to increase, it is extremely important that new models of community response and recovery are developed, particularly related to longer-term mental health recovery. To that end and given the need to address behavioral health concerns within North Carolina (NC) for those impacted by Hurricanes Florence and Michael, the Aggie Disaster Response Mental Health Recovery Network (ADRMHRN) was created to support those in post-disaster mental health distress. This network sought to connect clients to services through the creation of an extensive community resource network along with robust mental health service provider partnerships to treat those experiencing longer-term behavioral health recovery challenges. Disaster behavioral health, mental health first responder, clinical best practice trainings for community members, current service providers, and the future behavioral health workforce were additional project components with the ultimate goal to increase quality client care in the community. Preliminary results and implications for future effective disaster response are also shared.
Quantitative mapping of force–pCa curves to whole‐heart contraction and relaxation
Authors: Longobardi Stefano , Sher Anna , Niederer Steven A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe force–pCa (F–pCa) curve is used to characterize steady‐state contractile properties of cardiac muscle cells in different physiological, pathological and pharmacological conditions. This provides a reduced preparation in which to isolate sarcomere mechanisms. However, it is unclear how changes in the F–pCa curve impact emergent whole‐heart mechanics quantitatively. We study the link between sarcomere and whole‐heart function using a multiscale mathematical model of rat biventricular mechanics that describes sarcomere, tissue, anatomy, preload and afterload properties quantitatively. We first map individual cell‐level changes in sarcomere‐regulating parameters to organ‐level changes in the left ventricular function described by pressure–volume loop characteristics (e.g. end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volumes, ejection fraction and isovolumetric relaxation time). We next map changes in the sarcomere‐regulating parameters to changes in the F–pCa curve. We demonstrate that a change in the F–pCa curve can be caused by multiple different changes in sarcomere properties. We demonstrate that changes in sarcomere properties cause non‐linear and, importantly, non‐monotonic changes in left ventricular function. As a result, a change in sarcomere properties yielding changes in the F–pCa curve that improve contractility does not guarantee an improvement in whole‐heart function. Likewise, a desired change in whole‐heart function (i.e. ejection fraction or relaxation time) is not caused by a unique shift in the F–pCa curve. Changes in the F–pCa curve alone cannot be used to predict the impact of a compound on whole‐heart function.
imageKey points
The force–pCa (F–pCa) curve is used to assess myofilament calcium sensitivity after pharmacological modulation and to infer pharmacological effects on whole‐heart function.
We demonstrate that there is a non‐unique mapping from changes in F–pCa curves to changes in left ventricular (LV) function.
The effect of changes in F–pCa on LV function depend on the state of the heart and could be different for different pathological conditions.
Screening of compounds to impact whole‐heart function by F–pCa should be combined with active tension and calcium transient measurements to predict better how changes in muscle function will impact whole‐heart physiology.
Development and testing of an intact cord resuscitation trolley
Authors: Raina Jaspreet Singh , Chawla Deepak , Jain Suksham , Khurana Supreet 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo develop a mobile resuscitation platform—intact cord resuscitation (ICR) trolley and to assess the safety, feasibility and acceptability of its use during delayed cord clamping (DCC).Study designBench-side product development and single-arm experimental study.Participants and methodsWe first developed a theoretical framework of the specifications required for the platform which can provide resuscitation close to the delivery/operating table. The theoretical framework was then translated into a working model in a series of iterations. After testing and training of healthcare workers in a simulated environment, the trolley was tested to perform DCC in neonates who were born at ≥34 weeks of gestation and were breathing spontaneously at birth.Outcomes measuredPrimary outcome was the feasibility of DCC using the ICR trolley defined as the proportion of babies successfully completing 180 s of DCC on the trolley. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of babies with 1 min heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) recorded, neonatal and maternal safety outcomes, and acceptability among care providers.ResultsAmong 50 neonates (gestation: 36.9±1.9 weeks and birth weight: 2544±649 g) enrolled in the study, DCC for ≥180 s was successfully done in 42 (84%) neonates. The mean duration of DCC was 170±27 s. HR and SpO2at 1 min were recorded successfully in 92% of the babies. The majority of the maternal and neonatal care provider strongly supported the use of ICR trolley.ConclusionWe developed an ICR trolley and successfully tested the feasibility and acceptability of its use in healthy neonates undergoing DCC.
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a web-based routine assessment with integrated recommendations for action for depression and anxiety (RehaCAT+): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial for patients with elevated depressive symptoms in rehabilitation facilities
Authors: Knauer Johannes , Terhorst Yannik , Philippi Paula , Kallinger Selina , Eiler Sandro , Kilian Reinhold , Waldmann Tamara , Moshagen Morten , Bader Martina , Baumeister Harald 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe integration of a web-based computer-adaptive patient-reported outcome test (CAT) platform with persuasive design optimised features including recommendations for action into routine healthcare could provide a promising way to translate reliable diagnostic results into action. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of such a platform for depression and anxiety (RehaCAT+) compared with the standard diagnostic system (RehaCAT) in cardiological and orthopaedic health clinics in routine care.Methods and analysisA two-arm, pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled trial will be conducted. Twelve participating rehabilitation clinics in Germany will be randomly assigned to a control (RehaCAT) or experimental group (RehaCAT+) in a 1:1 design. A total sample of 1848 participants will be recruited across all clinics. The primary outcome, depression severity at 12 months follow-up (T3), will be assessed using the CAT Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Emotional Distress-Depression Item set. Secondary outcomes are depression at discharge (T1) and 6 months follow-up (T2) as well as anxiety, satisfaction with participation in social roles and activities, pain impairment, fatigue, sleep, health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, physical functioning, alcohol, personality and health economic-specific general quality of life and socioeconomic cost and benefits at T1-3. User behaviour, acceptance, facilitating and hindering factors will be assessed with semistructured qualitative interviews. Additionally, a smart sensing substudy will be conducted, with daily ecological momentary assessments and passive collection of smartphone usage variables. Data analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle with additional per-protocol analyses. Cost-effectiveness analyses will be conducted from a societal perspective and the perspective of the statutory pension insurance.Ethics and disseminationThe study will be conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki. The Ethics Committee of Ulm University, has approved the study (on 24 February 2021 ref. 509/20). Written informed consent will be obtained for all participants. Results will be published via peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberDRKS00027447
Current knowledge on spinal meningiomas: a systematic review protocol
Authors: El-Hajj Victor Gabriel , Pettersson Segerlind Jenny , Burström Gustav , Edström Erik , Elmi-Terander Adrian 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionMeningiomas are primary central nervous system tumours that arise from both cranial and spinal meninges. Spinal meningiomas occur less frequently than their cranial counterparts and are consequently given less attention in the literature. Therefore, systematic studies are needed to summarise the current knowledge on spinal meningiomas, providing a solid evidence base for treatment strategies. This systematic review of the literature will therefore assess studies describing spinal meningiomas, their epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes.Methods and analysisElectronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and Embase, will be searched using the keywords “spinal” and “meningioma”. The search will be set to provide only English studies published after 2000 to avoid any conflicts regarding terminology and classification, as well as to reflect the current status. Case reports, editorials, letters and reviews will also be excluded. Reference lists of relevant records will also be searched. Identified studies will be screened for inclusion, by one reviewer in a first step and then three in the next step to decrease the risk of bias. The results will be categorised to allow for a structured summary of the outcomes and their evidence grade conforming to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Categories may include: epidemiology, histopathology, radiological diagnostics, surgery, complications, non-surgical or adjuvant treatments, disease outcomes and predictors, and lastly recurrence. This review will summarise the current knowledge on spinal meningiomas to allow for a better understanding of the disease and contribute to improve its management. For clinicians, the systematic collection and grading of available evidence may aid in decision making and for those seeking to further the scientific field, this review may help to identify areas where knowledge is currently lacking.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was not required for our systematic review as it is based on existing publications. The results will be disseminated via submission for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
Physical exercise and fatigue in advanced gastrointestinal cancer during chemotherapy
Authors: Navigante Alfredo , Cresta Morgado Pablo , Daud María Laura , Dos Santos Regis Helca , Kolberg Martín , Marazzi Carla , Lobbe Velia , González Andrea Alejandra , De Simone Gustavo 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesThis study was aimed to analyse the effect of a patient-oriented modality of physical exercise (programmed and directed physical exercise (PDPE)) on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and quality of life (QoL). The secondary aim was to evaluate changes in body composition and skeletal muscle function during the study in patients with and without PDPE.MethodsA prospective randomised study was conducted to analyse the impact of PDPE on CRF and QoL. Patients were selected before the development of CRF to set the intervention before its appearance. A high probability CRF population was chosen: patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy with weight loss (≥5%) over the last 6 months. PDPE consisted of a programme of exercise delivered weekly and adjusted to patients’ medical conditions. Four visits were planned (weeks 0, 4, 8 and 12). QoL, CRF, body composition and skeletal muscle function were evaluated in each visit.ResultsFrom 101 patients recruited, 64 were considered evaluable, with three or four visits completed (n=30 control, n=34 PDPE group). Satisfactory compliance of ≥50% to the PDPE programme was seen in 47%. A reduction in the severity of fatigue was detected in the PDPE group (p=0.019), being higher in the subgroup of satisfactory compliance (p<0.001). This latter group showed better results of QoL in comparison with the control group (p=0.0279). A significant increase in endurance was found in the PDPE group (p<0.001).ConclusionPDPE reduced the severity of fatigue and improved QoL. The difference in endurance would explain the results seen in the severity of fatigue.
Mapping Phenotypic Plasticity upon the Cancer Cell State Landscape Using Manifold Learning
Authors: Burkhardt Daniel B. , San Juan Beatriz P. , Lock John G. , Krishnaswamy Smita , Chaffer Christine L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity describes the ability of cancer cells to undergo dynamic, nongenetic cell state changes that amplify cancer heterogeneity to promote metastasis and therapy evasion. Thus, cancer cells occupy a continuous spectrum of phenotypic states connected by trajectories defining dynamic transitions upon a cancer cell state landscape. With technologies proliferating to systematically record molecular mechanisms at single-cell resolution, we illuminate manifold learning techniques as emerging computational tools to effectively model cell state dynamics in a way that mimics our understanding of the cell state landscape. We anticipate that “state-gating” therapies targeting phenotypic plasticity will limit cancer heterogeneity, metastasis, and therapy resistance.

Significance:
Nongenetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic plasticity have emerged as significant drivers of tumor heterogeneity, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Herein, we discuss new experimental and computational techniques to define phenotypic plasticity as a scaffold to guide accelerated progress in uncovering new vulnerabilities for therapeutic exploitation.
Do Universities Improve Local Economic Resilience?
Authors: Howard Greg , Weinstein Russell , Yang Yuhao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We use a novel identification strategy to investigate whether regional universities make their local economies more resilient. Our strategy is based on state governments using similar site-selection criteria to assign normal schools (to train teachers) and insane asylums between 1830 and 1930. Normal schools became larger regional universities while asylum properties mostly continue as small state-owned psychiatric health facilities. We find that a regional university roughly offsets the negative effects of manufacturing exposure. We show the resilience of regional public university spending is an important mechanism, and we show correlations consistent with bachelor’s degree share also playing a mediating role.
Addressing COVID-19 Outliers in BVARs with Stochastic Volatility
Authors: Carriero Andrea , Clark Todd E. , Marcellino Massimiliano , Mertens Elmar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to enormous data movements that strongly affect parameters and forecasts from standard Bayesian vector autoregressions (BVARs). To address these issues, we propose BVAR models with outlier-augmented stochastic volatility (SV) that combine transitory and persistent changes in volatility. The resulting density forecasts are much less sensitive to outliers in the data than standard BVARs. Predictive Bayes factors indicate that our outlier-augmented SV model provides the best fit for the pandemic period, as well as for earlier subsamples of high volatility. In historical forecasting, outlier-augmented SV schemes fare at least as well as a conventional SV model.
Precipitation Characteristics of Cyclonic Disturbances over the South Asia Region as Revealed by TRMM and GPM
Authors: Roy Partha , Rao T. Narayana 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The relative contributions of cyclonic disturbances (CDs; i.e., low pressure systems, depressions, and cyclonic storms) and non-CDs to annual and seasonal rainfall are studied using 22 years of TRMM and GPM measurements during the passage of 866 CDs in the South Asia region (SAR). The changes in stratiform and convective precipitation within the cyclonic storm and in different CDs are also examined. The rainfall in the wettest regions of the SAR, the west coasts of India and Myanmar, and the slopes of the Himalayas is of non-CD origin, while CD rainfall peaks in the eastern parts of the monsoon trough and the northern Bay of Bengal (BOB). The CD rain fraction (RF) of annual and seasonal rainfall exhibits large spatial variation in the range of 4%–55%. The land–ocean dichotomy exhibited by CD RF is not uniform across India. Large CD RF is confined to the coast in some regions due to topographical barriers, but extends to 800–1000 km inland from the coast in the monsoon trough region. Low pressure systems contribute more to annual rain than depressions and cyclonic storms in the monsoon trough and the northern BOB (∼40%), particularly during the monsoon, mainly due to their frequent occurrence. The stratiform RF and occurrence are higher in CDs than in non-CDs, with the greatest contribution in central India (>80%), whereas the non-CDs are characterized by having higher convective RFs. The stratiform rain occurrence increases with intensification of CDs over both land and ocean, indicating its importance in the intensification of CDs and organizing large-scale systems.
Symptomatic smokers without COPD have physiological changes heralding the development of COPD
Authors: Bazzan Erica , Semenzato Umberto , Turato Graziella , Biondini Davide , Cubero Pablo , Marin-Oto Marta , Forner Marta , Tinè Mariaenrica , Casara Alvise , Baraldo Simonetta , Spagnolo Paolo , Marin Jose M. , Saetta Marina , Cosio Manuel G. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCOPD is a major health problem, mainly due to cigarette smoking. Most studies in COPD are dedicated to fully developed COPD in older subjects, even though development of COPD may start soon after smoking initiation. Therefore, there is a need to diagnose this “early disease” by detecting the initial events responsible for ultimate development of COPD.MethodsMeasurement of maximum mid expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of vital capacity (MMEF) in a routine spirometry, which detects small airways disease, was used to investigate if MMEF abnormalities in smokers without COPD (noCOPD) would relate to respiratory symptoms and identify smokers that might progress to COPD. For this purpose we studied 511 smokers, 302 COPD and 209 noCOPD, followed long term with spirometry including MMEF, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), 6-min walk test (6MWT), Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale and COPD Assessment Test. Three spirometries V1,V2 and V3 (5±2.5 and 10±4 years apart from V1) were performed to assess functional decline and development of COPD.Results65% of noCOPD had an abnormal MMEF (<80%) and 38% an abnormalDLCO. The NoCOPD with MMEF <80% group performed worse in the 6MWT (p=0.01), was more dyspnoeic (p=0.01) and had higher prevalence of chronic bronchitis than the noCOPD with MMEF>80% group (p=0.04). 21% of noCOPD with MMEF <80% and 2.7% with MMEF>80% developed COPD by V3 (p=0.0004).ConclusionsThe MMEF, a functional test available in a routine spirometry, can detect early lung abnormalities and identify the subset of symptomatic smokers with pathological changes that might lead to COPD.
Medical complications of obesity: heightened importance in a COVID era
Authors: Prendergast Heather , Tyo Carissa , Colbert Christopher , Kelley Morgan , Pobee Ruth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Obesity is a major public health problem associated with significant medical complications.

Main body
This review examines 8 primary diseases: type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dementia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, dyslipidemia, cancer, and their manifestations in obese patients. A total of 39 articles were used for this review. The authors conducted limited review, searching PubMed and Google Scholar databases using a combination of key words “COVID-19” or “SARS-COV2”, “type 2 diabetes”, “hypertension”, “dementia”, “non-alcoholic fatty liver disease”, “polycystic ovarian syndrome”, “dyslipidemia”, “cancer”, and “obesity”. No specific date limitation was used. Obesity exacerbates many medical conditions and has recently been identified as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity. This sets obesity at the pinnacle of all disease complications. The long-term impact of obesity ranges from financial burden on the health system, lower life expectancy, and reduced survival rates.

Conclusion
Obesity is an important modifiable risk factor. There is the need for healthcare providers to understand the medical complications associated with obesity to optimize patient care.
Quality of surgical management of placenta accreta spectrum in a tertiary center in Sri Lanka: baseline study for quality improvement project: problems and solutions
Authors: Wijesinghe Vindya , Rishard Mohamed , Srisanjeevan Sriskanthan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is associated with a multitude of maternal and fetal complications. Events related to its management have resulted in significant psychological morbidity, with lifelong consequences which warrant continuous support to cope with their lives. The objective of the study is to highlight the importance of multidisciplinary holistic care and explore room for improvement in the provision of care for women with PAS.

Methods
Our study was conducted on deliveries complicated with PAS from January 2019 to June 2021. 27 women were diagnosed with PAS during this period and received treatment. Impact of life event scale- revised (IES-R) and short form health survey-36(SF-36) questionnaires were administered to assess the impact of PAS on their lives. In depth interviews were conducted with the women. A multidisciplinary team meeting was later conducted to formulate a comprehensive care plan for women with PAS.

Results
The response rate was 96.2%. Mean age of the sample is 34.1 years (SD 4.3). Interval to current pregnancy varies from 0.6 years to 10 years with mean of 4.6 years. Mean gestational age of diagnosis of PAS was 25.4(SD 6.7) weeks. The care bundle provided for women with PAS was evaluated in all cases.
Surgery was conducted electively in 82% of patients. Blood transfusions were noted in 85%. Mean pre-operative stay was 9.5 days (SD 8.3) and mean post-operative stay was 8.8 days (SD 8). Total hospital stay ranged from 6 to 48 days (mean 19.5 days, SD 11.4).
IES-R scores were significant in 4/26 patients. There was no correlation with the interval from the surgery with any of the subscales or with the total scores. The lapsed time after the surgery had a significant correlation with physical functioning and pain domains of the SF-36 questionnaire.
Description of the experience, loss of femininity with loss of the uterus, concerns and fears about the future and measures to improve the quality of care were the themes identified and described.
A multidisciplinary team meeting, consisting of consultant obstetricians performing surgery for PAS, anesthetists, hematologist, transfusion medicine specialist, urologist, physiotherapist, nutritionist and nursing officers from ICU and wards, was held and their contributions helped to map out a definitive care plan.

Conclusions
PAS is associated with long term physical and psychological morbidity. Continuous support through quarterly clinic visits and telephone conversations may alleviate the psychological trauma. However, some physical disabilities may be lifelong and life changing. Importance of reducing primary caesarean section and promoting trial of labour after caesarean delivery should be promoted among patients and caregivers.