bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Maize (Zea mays L.) on Fluvisol Soils in Afgoi District, Southern Somalia
Authors: Mohamed Abdinasir A. , Ismaan Hassan Nuur , Kaya Fuat , Basayigit Levent , Siad Shuaib Abdullahi 
Published: November 2022

In this study, an experiment was conducted to determine the best rate of nitrogen fertilization on maize grain yields and interaction of nitrogen levels and application methods of nitrogen on growth and yield of maize.
For this purpose, the maize experiment was designed in the experimental farm of Somali Ministry of Agriculture, in Afgoi, Lower Shabelle, Somalia in 2017 spring and autumn. The treatments consisted of eight rates (0 kg N ha-1; 25 kg N ha-1; 50 kg N ha-1; 75 kg N ha-1; 100 kg N ha-1; 125 kg N ha-1; 150 kg N ha-1 and 175 kg N ha-1.) Nitrogen and three applying methods (broadcasting, row placement, and hill placement). The layout of the experiment was designed in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. A total of 9 parameters viz. plant height (cm), number of cobs plant-1, cob length (cm), cob weight (gr), 1000 grain weight (gr), stover yield (t ha-1), grain yield (t ha-1), biological yield (t ha-1) and harvest index (%), were collected. The collected data were analyzed statistically and means were adjudged by Duncan's Multiple Range Test at 1 and 5% level of probability.
Both in the spring season and In the autumn season, according to the nitrogen rates, the result showed that there was significantly different in all characters among the different application rates of nitrogen the maximum stover yield was recorded in 100 kg N ha-1 while the maximum grain yield was noted from 100 kg N ha-1. Both in the spring season and In the autumn season in the methods of application, there was no significant variation in all parameters measured but the interaction effect was significantly different among the treatments, the maximum stover yield and grain yield were recorded in 100 kg N ha-1 and hill placement. Thus, applying 100 kg N ha-1 and the method of row placement is promising to increase the maize yield and the study is required to be repeated for one more season.
Core–Shell Engineering of Conductive Fillers toward Enhanced Dielectric Properties: A Universal Polarization Mechanism in Polymer Conductor Composites
Authors: Zhou Wenying , Cao Guozheng , Yuan Mengxue , Zhong Shaolong , Wang Yandong , Liu Xiangrong , Cao Dan , Peng Weiwei , Liu Jing , Wang Guangheng , Dang Zhi‐Min , Li Bo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFlexible dielectric and electronic materials with high dielectric constant (k) and low loss are constantly pursued. Encapsulation of conductive fillers with insulating shells represents a promising approach, and has attracted substantial research efforts. However, progress is greatly impeded due to the lack of a fundamental understanding of the polarization mechanism. In this work, a series of core–shell polymer composites is studied, and the correlation between macroscopic dielectric properties (across entire composites) and microscopic polarization (around single fillers) is investigated. It is revealed that the polarization in polymer conductor composites is determined by electron transport across multiple neighboring conductive fillers—a domain‐type polarization. The formation of a core–shell filler structure affects the dielectric properties of tpolymer composites by essentially modifying the filler‐cluster size. Based on this understanding, a novel percolative composite is prepared with higher‐than‐normal filler concentration and optimized shell's electrical resistivity. The developed composite shows both high‐k due to enlarged cluster size and low loss due to restrained charge transport simultaneously, which cannot be achieved in traditional percolative composites or via simple core–shell filler design. The revealed polarization mechanism and the optimization strategy for core–shell fillers provide critical guidance and a new paradigm, for developing advanced polymer dielectrics with promising property sets.
2D InSe Self‐Powered Schottky Photodetector with the Same Metal in Asymmetric Contacts
Authors: Chen Jinping , Zhang Zhen , Feng Jiying , Xie Xiaoyu , Jian Aoqun , Li Yuanzheng , Guo Heng , Zhu Yizhi , Li Zhuxin , Dong Jianqi , Cui Qiannan , Shi Zengliang , Xu Chunxiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSelf‐powered photodetectors (SPPDs) are generally carried out in multilayered heterostructures with different semiconductors or in Schottky junctions with different metal electrodes. It is interesting to build an SPPD using metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) structures with the same type of metal electrodes. Here, an SPPD is fabricated facilely by stacking a piece of irregular InSe nanosheet on a pair of Au electrodes with asymmetric van der Waals contacts. The SPPD performs a high responsivity of 0.103 A W−1, a high on‐off current ratio over 104, a high detectivity of 1.83 × 1010 Jones, a fast response time of 1 ms and a broadband sensing spectrum ranging from 300 to 1000 nm under zero bias. A series of characterization and working mechanism analysis demonstrate the contribution of the asymmetric Schottky barrier heights and contact geometries in Au–InSe junctions to the self‐powered performance of the detector. This work offers an effective scheme to construct high‐performance SPPDs in simple architecture and processing for potential optoelectronic device applications.
Anomalous Hall Effect in Epitaxial Thin Films of the Hexagonal Heusler MnPtGa Noncollinear Hard Magnet
Authors: Ibarra Rebeca , Lesne Edouard , Sabir Bushra , Gayles Jacob , Felser Claudia , Markou Anastasios 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMaterials hosting noncollinear magnetic ordering and sizeable spin‐orbit coupling can manifest perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and a Berry curvature‐driven intrinsic anomalous Hall effect. In this work, the structural, magnetic, and magnetotransport properties of crystalline hexagonal Heusler MnPtGa epitaxial thin films are reported. The centrosymmetric MnPtGa films (P63/mmc space group) crystallize with a preferred c‐axis (0001) crystal orientation. Along this crystallographic direction, the MnPtGa films exhibit preferential perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, below the Curie temperature TC = 263 K, with a large effective uniaxial magnetic anisotropy Keff = 0.735 MJ m−3, at 150 K. In addition, the MnPtGa system undergoes a thermally induced spin reorientation transition below Tsr = 160 K, which marks the onset of a noncollinear spin‐canted state. The anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) of MnPtGa films exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of temperature, which changes sign at T* = 110 K. Concurrently with the reported unusual dependence of the AHC on the longitudinal conductivity in MnPtGa crystalline thin films, these findings strongly suggest an anomalous Hall effect of intrinsic origin, driven by a momentum‐space Berry curvature mechanism, as supported by first‐principle calculations.
A Self‐Powered CNT–Si Photodetector with Tuneable Photocurrent
Authors: Pelella Aniello , Capista Daniele , Passacantando Maurizio , Faella Enver , Grillo Alessandro , Giubileo Filippo , Martucciello Nadia , Di Bartolomeo Antonio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA photodetector with bias‐tuneable current is realized by adding a film of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (CNT), forming a CNT/Si3N4/Si capacitor, to a prefabricated Pt–Ti/Si3N4/Si metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) diode. Electrical characterization of the entire device is performed to extract the temperature‐dependent ideality factor and Schottky barrier height in the framework of the thermionic emission theory. The CNT/Si3N4/Si capacitor increases the reverse current of the parallel Pt–Ti/Si3N4/Si MIS diode by adding a Fowler–Nordheim tunneling current at high reverse voltage bias. This feature endows the photodetector with two different photocurrent levels, photoresponsivity up to 370 mA W−1 and external quantum efficiency up to 50% at 950 nm wavelength. The device also shows a different photoresponse when light is focused on the CNT/Si3N4/Si region or around the Pt–Ti/Si3N4/Si structure. The photodetector can also be used as an optoelectronic Boolean logic device, in which the applied voltage bias and the incident light are the two input signals, and the photocurrent is the output. Furthermore, light generates a photocurrent at zero voltage and a photovoltage at zero current, making the device a self‐powered photodetector.
Emerging evidence of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer
Authors: Miyamoto Yuji , Ogawa Katsuhiro , Ohuchi Mayuko , Tokunaga Ryuma , Baba Hideo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which modulate the interplay between the tumor cell and immune system, immunotherapy has become widely recognized as a new standard treatment for cancers including microsatellite instability‐high (MSI‐H) colorectal cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab (anti‐PD‐1 antibodies) that act in the effector phase of T cells and ipilimumab (anti‐CTLA‐4 antibody) that acts mainly in the priming phase are now in clinical use. These antibodies have shown therapeutic efficacy in MSI colorectal cancer patients who have failed to respond to existing standard therapies. Pembrolizumab is also strongly recommended as first‐line therapy for MSI‐H metastatic colorectal cancer. Therefore, the MSI status and tumor mutation burden of the tumor should be clarified before starting treatment. Because many patients do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors, combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or molecularly targeted agents, are being investigated. Furthermore, treatment methods for preoperative adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer are being developed.
Ammonium Persulfate Mediated Oxidative C(sp3)−H/N−H Cross‐Coupling for Synthesis of Hemiaminal Ethers Under Mild Conditions
Authors: Wu Jiwei , Zhu Jianye , Yu Lingxiang , Yu Xiaoxiao , Li Wen , Xie Lianyu , Wu Ji , Li Zirong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA simple method for ammonium persulfate mediated oxidative C(sp3)−H amination of azoles has been reported under mild conditions. Various azoles such as 1H‐benzotriazole, 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole, 2H‐tetrazole, 1H‐pyrazole and 1H‐indazole are successfully employed for coupling with tetrahydrofuran to give the products hemiaminal ethers with moderate to excellent yields. Furthermore, the C(sp3)−H bonds α to S, N and benzylic are also tolerated in this reaction.
2022 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR Classification Criteria for Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Grayson Peter C. , Ponte Cristina , Suppiah Ravi , Robson Joanna C. , Gribbons Katherine Bates , Judge Andrew , Craven Anthea , Khalid Sara , Hutchings Andrew , Danda Debashish , Luqmani Raashid A. , Watts Richard A. , Merkel Peter A. ,   for the DCVAS Study Group
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo develop and validate new classification criteria for Takayasu arteritis (TAK).MethodsPatients with vasculitis or comparator diseases were recruited into an international cohort. The study proceeded in 6 phases: 1) identification of candidate criteria items, 2) collection of candidate items present at diagnosis, 3) expert panel review of cases, 4) data‐driven reduction of candidate items, 5) derivation of a points‐based classification score in a development data set, and 6) validation in an independent data set.ResultsThe development data set consisted of 316 cases of TAK and 323 comparators. The validation data set consisted of an additional 146 cases of TAK and 127 comparators. Age ≤60 years at diagnosis and imaging evidence of large‐vessel vasculitis were absolute requirements to classify a patient as having TAK. The final criteria items and weights were as follows: female sex (+1), angina (+2), limb claudication (+2), arterial bruit (+2), reduced upper extremity pulse (+2), reduced pulse or tenderness of a carotid artery (+2), blood pressure difference between arms of ≥20 mm Hg (+1), number of affected arterial territories (+1 to +3), paired artery involvement (+1), and abdominal aorta plus renal or mesenteric involvement (+3). A patient could be classified as having TAK with a cumulative score of ≥5 points. When these criteria were tested in the validation data set, the model area under the curve was 0.97 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.94–0.99) with a sensitivity of 93.8% (95% CI 88.6–97.1%) and specificity of 99.2% (95% CI 96.7–100.0%).ConclusionThe 2022 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR classification criteria for TAK are now validated for use in research.
Vertically Layered Multi‐Pair Interdigital Electrodes within a Single Sheet of Paper for High Energy Density
Authors: Kim Yeon Woo , Oh In Hyeok , Chang Suk Tai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA paper‐based supercapacitor (SC) is a promising flexible energy storage device for wearable electronics. Paper is an alternative flexible substrate to conventional substrates such as metal foil or plastics. Paper's porous structure can be applied as a large surface area of electrode to store more charge. Paper can also be used as a separator between each electrode. We propose a simple method for vertically integrating a multi‐pair of interdigital electrodes within only a single sheet of paper. The integrated multi‐electrodes were fully separated because of a removable wax barrier. The integrated multi‐pair interdigital electrodes in a paper were used as ultra‐thin SCs combined in parallel. With an inner space of paper, the device volume can be reduced with high energy density while preserving flexibility. The energy density was 86.58 μWh cm−2, which is three orders of magnitude higher energy density than a single SC at the same size.
Dopamine‐assisted wet spinning and mechanical reinforcement of graphene oxide fibers
Authors: Hwang Hyuntae , Kang Dongwoo , Park Young Jin , Shin Hyeon Suk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBioinspired polydopamine coatings have been widely used for the surface modification of various materials because of their strong adhesion, facile application method, and functionalization ability. However, dopamine has not been previously utilized as a coagulation agent for graphene oxide fibers (GOFs). In this study, we performed the wet spinning of GOFs using dopamine as a coagulation agent (denoted as DA‐GOFs) and successive polymerization of dopamine inside the fibers. The polymerized DA‐GOFs (pDA‐GOFs) exhibited enhanced mechanical properties with a 97% higher tensile strength than that of the fibers coagulated with CaCl2. The described dopamine‐assisted wet spinning and polymerization process were simple but effective method for preparing mechanically strong fibers, which can be potentially employed in flexible and wearable electronic applications.
Ru on Modified Carbon Submicrometric Spheres as Novel Catalysts for the Oxidative Cleavage of Oleic Acid with N‐Methylmorpholine‐N‐Oxide as Green Oxidizing Agent
Authors: Gámez Sebastián , de la Torre Ernesto , M. Gaigneaux Eric 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOxidative cleavage of unsaturated fatty acids involves the rupture of carbon‐carbon double bonds to produce carbonyl compounds of high added value. This reaction is mainly performed using homogenous catalysts which are pollutant and cannot be recovered while current heterogeneous catalysts display poor activity. To solve this issue, an active catalyst was prepared by impregnating Ru ions on carbon spheres synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization of a glucose solution. Carbon spheres were calcined under air atmosphere to create porosity and functionalized with polydopamine to improve their ability to complex Ru ions. The catalyst was fully characterized and completed the oxidative cleavage of oleic acid within 7 h of stirring at room temperature using NaIO4 as oxidizing agent. The addition of N‐methylmorpholine N‐oxide, a green oxidizing agent, allowed >99 % conversion in only 5 h. Therefore, it was possible to conceive an eco‐friendly carbon catalyst for the valorization of oleic acid under mild conditions.
Anchoring Pd Nanoparticles with Low Loading on Co,N‐Doped Carbon Framework for the Synergistic Reduction of Nitrophenols
Authors: Han Fengyan , Zhang Yue , Zhang Hangfei , Feng Hao , Tang Yukuai , Yang Xiaofei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe reduction of nitro‐compound to amino‐compound through catalytic transfer hydrogenation over Pd‐based nanostructured composites is an attractive issue. Herein, a series of nanocomposites including Pd nanoparticles with low weight loading anchored on N, Co‐doped carbon framework (Co@NC) was prepared by a facile method. Among these, 1.5 % Pd/Co@NC had the highest catalytic activity towards the reduction of nitrophenols. The enhanced activity may be ascribed to N‐doping, synergistic effect and the interaction between well‐dispersed Pd nanoparticles and N, Co‐doped carbon framework by stabilizing metal nanoparticles with smaller size and good dispersion, improving the adsorption of reactants on the surface of Pd/Co@NC and facilitating electron transfer from NaBH4 to the product. Furthermore, the catalyst maintained regular morphology and activity even after recycling experiments, indicating that it may be used in industrial applications.
Counselor educators using self as instrument in antiracist teaching
Authors: Ng Kok‐Mun , Anandavalli S , Litherland Gideon , Bell Tamekia R. , Ewe Edward , Lau Jared , List Allison 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this autoethnography inquiry, seven counselor educators from diverse intersectionalities discuss how they leverage their selfhood to promote antiracist counselor education. Based on two cycles of pattern coding, the authors identified themes of perceiving, experiencing, creating, and facilitating. Implications for future research and practice are offered.
Nonsymmetric [Pt(C^N*N′^C′)] Complexes: Aggregation‐Induced Emission in the Solid State and in Nanoparticles Tuned by Ligand Structure
Authors: Solomatina Anastasia I. , Galenko Ekaterina E. , Kozina Daria O. , Kalinichev Alexey A. , Baigildin Vadim A. , Prudovskaya Natalia A. , Shakirova Julia R. , Khlebnikov Alexander F. , Porsev Vitaly V. , Evarestov Robert A. , Tunik Sergey P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Sergey P. Tunik and his colleagues from St Petersburg University. The image depicts the strong bathochromic shift of the emission wavelength of phosphorescent platinum(II) complexes upon their aggregation in the presence of water. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202202207.
Bio‐inspired Small Molecular Catalysis
Authors: Cai Mao , Zhang Runze , Yang Chunming , Luo Sanzhong 
Published: November 2022

Comprehensive SummaryNature is an inspiring resource for chemists to exploit uncharted chemical spaces. Enzymes in nature are characteristic of high efficiency and exquisite stereocontrol under rather mild conditions. Not surprisingly, chemists have a long history in developing new catalysts by learning from and imitating the natural enzymes. This review summarizes our long‐standing efforts in developing bio‐inspired small molecular catalysis. These were categorized according to the employed strategies: 1) bi‐/multi‐functional strategy for the bio‐inspired chiral primary amine catalyst; 2) cofactor strategy for bio‐inspiredortho‐quinone catalyst; 3) intermediate strategy for chiral latent carbocation catalysis based on natural carbocation process. Each section includes brief introduction of the biological origin, design of catalyst, development of methodology as well as the underlying mechanistic insights.What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?I hope it's always the next one.How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?Nature provides many astonishing catalytic machineries for building up molecular complexity and harnessing energy in the most efficient ways. Nature's recipe for catalysis serves as a starting point to develop new catalyst for synthetic and energy chemistry. I was trained as a synthetic chemist in a physical organic group in Nankai and ICCAS, and spent part of my graduate studies doing enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharide and its related biological applications in Ohio State University. This gave me a mixed view on organocatalysis, then under its golden stage of renaissance, not only for its synthetic potentials as a new catalytic concept, but also with an eye on its biological origin and possible impact beyondsynthesis. I also benefit a lot from the physical organic chemistry training which helps to shape my research path in width and depth, in a way I never imagined and expected at the beginning of my career.How do you supervise your students?Try to inspire beyond instruct. I learned and am still learning. “因材施教” is easy to say than to do. In reality, I become bossy the way I dislike and have to instruct heavily.What is the most important personality for scientific research?Curiosity, broad reading and sufficient “free time” for daydreaming. In order to have enough time to waste, you have to work really hard at first.Who influences you mostly in your life?My Ph.D. supervisor, Prof. Jin‐Pei Cheng who teaches me a rational and quantitative view for chemistry and inspires me all the time to pursue a rational approach in research.
Promoting Silk Fibroin Adhesion to Stainless Steel Surfaces by Interface Tailoring
Authors: Emonson Nicholas S. , Randall James D. , Allardyce Benjamin J. , Stanfield Melissa K. , Dharmasiri Bhagya , Stojcevski Filip , Henderson Luke C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBonding dissimilar materials has been a persistent challenge for decades. This paper presents a method to modify a stainless steel surface (316 L), routinely used in medical applications to enable the significant adhesion of a biopolymer (silk fibroin). The metallic surface was first covalently grafting with polyacrylamide, to enable a hydrogen bonding compatible surface. The polymerisation was initiated via the irreversible electrochemical reduction of a 4‐nitrobenzene diazonium salt (20 mM), in the presence of an acrylamide monomer (1 M) at progressively faster scan rates (0.01 V/s to 1 V/s). Examination of the modified samples by FT‐IR was consistent with successful surface modification, via observations of the acrylamide carbonyl (1600–1650 cm−1) was observed, with more intense peaks correlating to slower scan rates. Similar observations were made with respect to increasing surface polarity, assessed by water contact angle. Reductions of >60° were observed for the grafted surfaces, relative to the unmodified control materials, indicating a surface able to undergo significant hydrogen bonding. The adhesion of silk to the metallic surface was quantified using a lap shear test, effectively using silk fibroin as an adhesive. Adhesion improvements of 5–7‐fold, from 4.1 MPa to 29.3 MPa per gram of silk fibroin, were observed for the treated samples, highlighting the beneficial effect of this surface treatment. The methods developed in this work can be transferred to any metallic (or conductive) surface and can be tailored to complement any desired interface.