bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
751 Incidence of Pavement Burns During a Worldwide Pandemic and Limited Outreach Efforts
Authors: Conaway Yasmin , Ortega-Polanco Maria 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Areas of the United States with desert climates and consistent ambient temperatures greater than 100 degrees Fahrenheit four to five months out of the year have a significant influx of pavement burn inpatient admissions during the summer season. These burns are caused when skin meets elevated pavement temperatures, even if the contact is just for a few seconds. We investigated retrospective data and the impact of the decreased outreach efforts during the pandemic on pavement burn admissions.
In 2018, due to an identified increase in pavement burn admissions in the community, the burn center created and implemented a pavement burn campaign to reduce pavement burn admission by raising awareness and providing education in the community. The campaign included specific messaging posted on billboards, public service announcements via news outlets and social media, printed flyers distributed during various community safety events, and the distribution of summer footwear between the months of April and September. The efforts proved fruitful in reducing rates. Due to the worldwide pandemic, prevention efforts were greatly decreased in 2020.

Methods
A 3-year retrospective data review of acute admissions to a 16-bed burn unit was conducted. Data was abstracted from the burn center’s registry, looking at rates of pavement burns within the months of April to September. Each of the three year’s inpatient pavement burn admission totals were compared.

Results
Our analysis showed a need for burn prevention strategies in 2018, leading to implementation of the pavement burn campaign. There was a 58% decrease in admission rates in 2019 compared to 2018.
In March of 2020, the state ordered businesses to close; additional closures and restrictions continued over the summer months causing all prevention efforts to cease. In 2021, there was a 60% increase in pavement burn admissions compared to previous two years. There is a correlation between halted pavement outreach and the increase in pavement burn admissions.

Conclusions
The lack of burn outreach during the pandemic lead to a remarkable increase in pavement burn admissions in 2021, reinforcing the need for continued outreach in the hot summer months. Additional research is needed to identify specific populations admitted for pavement burns to identify needs of the community. Patient demographics such as age and geographical location can aid in targeting outreach strategies for the identified populations. Additional research with other burn centers may aid in constructing innovative outreach strategies moving forward.
755 Does Military Service History Make a Difference in Outcomes after Burn Injury?
Authors: Abouzeid Callie , Cancio Leopoldo C , Hickey Sean A , DiLisio Anna , Mandell Samuel P , Shepler Lauren J , Stewart Barclay T , Surette Kate E , Wolf Steven E , Kazis Lewis E , Schneider Jeffrey C , Ryan Colleen M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
There is little published research on the long-term outcomes of military service members with burn injuries. Military service members are often exposed to extraordinary challenges and adverse experiences that might influence their recovery from a burn injury. Therefore, to better understand the outcomes of service members with burn injuries, this study compares characteristics and health outcomes between burn survivors who have and do not have a history of military service.

Methods
Data from the Burn Injury Model System National Longitudinal Database (2015-2021) were analyzed. Military and civilian groups were identified by the following question administered at hospital discharge: “have you ever served in the military?”. The database does not identify if military service members were active duty at time of injury. Demographic and clinical characteristics as well as outcome measures at one year after injury were compared between groups. Patient reported outcome measures included: Veterans Rand 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) physical and mental health, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWL), 4-D Itch, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Check List, self-reported PTSD diagnosis, and employment status. Multivariate regression analyses examined associations between outcome measures and military service status, controlling for age, gender, burn size, race, and ethnicity.

Results
The study population included 672 burn survivors, 105 with and 567 without military service history, respectively. Participants with military service history were more likely to be male (93% vs. 65%, p &lt; 0.001), older (55 vs. 45 years, p &lt; 0.001) and have Medicare/Medicaid insurance (46.6% vs. 37.2%, p&lt; 0.01) than those without military service history. Race, ethnicity, education, marital status, injury etiology, burn size, length of stay, burns to critical areas, amputation, and number of surgeries were not significantly different between groups. Regression analyses also demonstrated that none of the outcome measures examined (VR-12, SWL, 4-D Itch, PTSD Check List, self-reported PTSD, employment) were significantly different between groups at one-year after injury (p &gt;0.05).

Conclusions
No significant differences in outcomes were found in the BMS Database between burn survivors with and without a history of military service. Harmonization of these data with other military service datasets will help us better understand long-term outcomes of this population.
766 12-year Analysis of Gender Disparity in Authorship of Peer-Reviewed Burn and Wound Care Literature
Authors: Khan Iman F , Ketheeswaran Suvethavarshini , Turker Ismail , Alasgarov Elvin , Wiley Brea , Guliyeva Gunel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The importance of gender equity and gender representation in academic publications has long been emphasized in medicine. It has been established that women represent a smaller proportion of primary and senior authors in high-impact medical journals than men and that original research articles written by women as primary and senior authors are less frequently sited than those authored by men. Currently, there is limited data evaluating whether this gender bias is present in plastic surgery and burn publications. We used bibliometric analysis of original research publications to analyze gender bias against women in one burn journal.

Methods
Using the journal, Burns, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of research publications from 2009 to 2020. A gender determining application was used to characterize the gender of the first and senior author. Ratios of male:male, female:male, male:female, and female:female were obtained and analyzed.

Results
Of the 1677 publications included, 40% have female first authors and 25.5% had female senior authors. Male:male authorships had the highest number of publications. Female:female authorship had the lowest number of publications of all the other ratios from 2009-2012, however there was a steep increase in 2013 in which male:female authorship had the lowest number of publications. Male senior authorship was associated with 2.9-fold increase in male first authorship [OR=2.99(95% CI 2.39, 3.76); p &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusions
Female representation in senior authorship positions in burn and wound care publications is increasing, however is still far from reaching gender parity. By analyzing authorship ratios by gender, we recommend a new way to evaluate gender disparity in burn and wound care academia.
782 Achieving Optimal Care in Burns Using Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Guidelines
Authors: Sljivic Sanja , Chrisco Lori , Nizamani Rabia , King Booker , Williams Felicia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Burns are a major cause of accidental injury and death in the United States. Based on reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 1.1 million burn injuries require medical care each year. Even though 96.7% of individuals treated at burn centers will survive, many of the more extensive injuries require multiple surgical procedures, extensive pain control regimens, and prolonged intubation and hospitalization. We aim to establish a set of guidelines addressing the pre-, intra- and post-operative care of our burn patients.

Methods
Over the years, there has been a profound interest in developing and implementing an Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) protocol, such as those already in place across a range of surgical subspecialties. Since its initial development in 1997 by Henrik Kehlet for colorectal surgery, ERAS has evolved into a multidisciplinary approach involving surgeons, anesthesiologists, pharmacists, nutritionists, and nursing staff. It is an evidence-based multimodal protocol focused on lowering recovery time and post-operative complications while also addressing the entire patient journey from admission to discharge. An ERAS protocol for Burn Surgery has yet to be created and will need to focus on some of the major challenges involved in the care of burn patients including fluid management, pain control, nutritional status, potential prolonged ventilation, and long-term rehabilitation.

Results
This set of guidelines will address the pre-operative care of our burn patients (e.g., acetaminophen and pregabalin/gabapentin on-call to the operating room), as well as the intra- and post-operative care (e.g., periodic lactate levels, operating room temperature at 85 degrees Fahrenheit, continued ketamine infusion for burns &gt; 30% TBSA). These guidelines will be further evaluated in a clinical setting via a feasibility study to determine whether they would improve the overall outcome of our burn patients.

Conclusions
An ERAS protocol in Burn Surgery needs to address the challenges and complexities of treating burn patients, and should be aimed at the pre-, intra-, and post-operative care of this patient population.
797 Single Stage Application of Autologous Skin Cell Suspension in Deep Partial Thickness Pediatric Facial Burns
Authors: Lou Richard B , Khandelwal Anjay , Beaucock Beverly 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Deep partial thickness facial burns in the pediatric population present a dilemma. Standard burn treatment includes excision and split thickness sheet grafting for the face or closure which often yield sub-optimal results. Point-of-care system for autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS) can be utilized as a stand alone option for partial thickness burns. We sought to evaluate our early results from the treatment of pediatric deep partial thickness facial burns using ASCS.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort analysis of pediatric deep partial thickness facial burns treated with early excision and application of ASCS. After assessment by two surgeons, patients underwent tangential excision with either standard surgical burn knives or dermabrasion. Depth was assessed and if dermal elements were present, then ASCS was applied. Primary outcome was time to &gt;95% reepithelialization, and secondary outcomes were aesthetics, Vancouver Scar Scale, postoperative complications, number of reoperations for wound closure, and need for burn reconstruction.

Results
From September 2020 to July 2021, eight pediatric patients (six male and two female) with deep partial thickness facial burns were treated within one week of injury with excision and ASCS. TBSA ranged from 0.3%-24% with some having additional anatomic areas. The mean age was 2.5 years old, with a range of 1.08-5.0 years old. Burn mechanisms included flame, scald, and contact. The mean time from burn injury to initial excision and ASCS was 4.3 days, with a range of 2-7 days. Average time to complete reepithelialization was 20.3 days, with a range of 4-47 days. Average follow up duration was 218 days with a range of 98-365 days. No patients experienced complete graft loss or infection. One patient required need for reoperation with reapplication of polylactic acid skin substitute placed to a small area on the face during closure for other non-face burns. Of the 8 patients, the two patients with the longest times to complete reepithelialization required laser therapy, of which one patient also needed limited facial scar contracture release.

Conclusions
Early, single-staged ASCS application results in good aesthetic and relatively quick healing times with no complications and limited need for additional burn reconstruction. While the results are promising, there is a need for larger studies with longer term follow up before wider applicability.
799 Autologous Skin Cell Suspension Versus Standard Split Thickness Autografting: a Comparison of Operative Efficiency
Authors: Skibba Kathryn , Bell Derek 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The surgical standard of care (SOC) for deep burns is autologous grafting, which is currently challenged by an innovative technology, autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS). Sprayed epidermal autografting provides comparable results to SOC while reducing donor graft size and morbidity, making it ideal for patients with large total body surface area (TBSA).1-3 The purpose of this study is to report and compare the size of burn wound coverage per operative minute for ASCS versus standard split thickness autografting (STSG). The authors hypothesize that ASCS covers large burn wounds more efficiently than STSG.

Methods
This study is a case-control analysis of all adult (age ≥18) surgical encounters for ASCS versus matched SOC STSG encounters at a single burn center. Patient demographics, burn characteristics, and surgical details were collected from the electronic medical record. Patients were matched with prioritization of treated size and anatomic area, followed by burn etiology, age, and sex.

Results
Eleven ASCS surgeries were performed on 7 patients and matched to 11 STSG surgeries in 8 patients. The ASCS and STSG groups were not significantly different regarding age (46.6 vs 41.5), BMI (28.3 vs 26.4), and co-morbidities (57.1% vs 50.0%), respectively. Most burns resulted from flame injury (85.5% ASCS vs 87.5% STSG). Time to re-keratinization of the burn wound (20.4 vs 19.0 post-operative days; ASCS, STSG) and subjective analysis of graft adherence was comparable between matched groups.
Treated burn wounds were located on the lower extremity (63.6% vs 62.5%), upper extremity (27.3% vs 50%), and trunk (18.2% vs 25.0%) in ASCS and STSG encounters, respectively. The average graft thickness harvested was thicker for ASCS surgeries than STSG (0.0061″ vs 0.0054″, p= 0.040). The average burn wound size and operative duration was 2612.2 cm2 in 108.4 minutes for ASCS and 1903.7 cm2 in 92.1 minutes for STSG. As a result, ASCS covered 24.1 cm2 in comparison to STSG coverage of 20.7 cm2 per operative minute.

Conclusions
The matched groups were not significantly different, and surgical encounters are acceptable for comparison. However, ASCS grafts were harvested thicker than STSG (0.0061″ vs 0.0054″, p= 0.040), which is unlikely to have any clinical implications as both are considered ultra-thin (&lt; 0.008″).5
ASCS treats a larger wound size per operative minute than matched STSG controls. Our results are likely restricted to large burn wounds and may not translate to smaller treatment areas. The increased operative productivity with ASCS assists in reduction of the technology unit cost. In conclusion, selective use of ASCS for large burn wounds can partially offset the unit cost through increased operative efficiency, lessen donor site morbidity, and produce similar results as standard split thickness autografting.
Priors Rule: When Do Malfeasance Revelations Help Or Hurt Incumbent Parties?
Authors: Arias Eric , Larreguy Horacio , Marshall John , Querubín Pablo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Effective policy-making requires that voters avoid electing malfeasant politicians. However, informing voters of incumbent malfeasance in corrupt contexts may not reduce incumbent support. As our simple learning model shows, electoral sanctioning is limited where voters already believed incumbents to be malfeasant, while information’s effect on turnout is non-monotonic in the magnitude of reported malfeasance. We conducted a field experiment in Mexico that informed voters about malfeasant mayoral spending before municipal elections, to test whether these Bayesian predictions apply in a developing context where many voters are poorly informed. Consistent with voter learning, the intervention increased incumbent vote share where voters possessed unfavorable prior beliefs and when audit reports caused voters to favorably update their posterior beliefs about the incumbent’s malfeasance. Furthermore, we find that low and, especially, high malfeasance revelations increased turnout, while less surprising information reduced turnout. These results suggest that improved governance requires greater transparency and citizen expectations.
Mass Migration and Technological Change
Authors: Andersson David , Karadja Mounir , Prawitz Erik 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the effect of emigration on technological change in sending locations after one of the largest migration events in human history, the mass migration from Europe to the United States in the 19th century. To establish causality, we adopt an instrumental variable strategy that combines local growing-season frost shocks with proximity to emigration ports. Using data on patents, we find that emigration led to an increase in innovative activity in sending localities. Using data on capital and labor inputs in agriculture and industry, we find evidence of an increased capital intensity related to new technologies in both sectors. We argue that these results are consistent with theories of induced (labor-saving) innovation due to high labor costs following emigration.
The Biology, Ecology, and Management of the Hazelnut-Feeding Weevils (Curculiospp.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of the World
Authors: Shanovich Hailey N , Aukema Brian H 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCertain species of acorn- and nut-feeding weevils, Curculio spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), have become significant insect pests of cultivated hazelnuts (Corylus spp.) (Fagales: Betulaceae) worldwide. The significance of weevils that feed on and injure hazelnuts is increasing as countries such as the United States and China continue to develop hybrids of hazel plants to increase their hazelnut production. This review focuses on the ecology, impact, management, and identification of the four known species of hazelnut-injuring weevils throughout the world: Curculio dieckmanni (Faust), Curculio nucum L., Curculio obtusus Gibson (the hazelnut weevil), and Curculio occidentis (Casey) (the filbert weevil).
Testing Hypotheses on the Innovations Distribution in Semi-Parametric Conditional Volatility Models
Authors: Francq Christian , Zakoïan Jean-Michel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTesting symmetry or quantile assumptions on the innovations distribution can be of invaluable help to improve or simplify the statistical procedures designed for GARCH-type models. In particular, evaluation of the conditional value-at-risk (VaR) or construction of confidence intervals for predictions requires estimating quantiles of the innovations distribution. We propose tests of different hypotheses: adequacy of a set of parametric quantiles, mean–median equality, symmetry of extreme quantiles, and zero-median in presence of a conditional mean. The tests rely on the asymptotic distribution of the empirical distribution function of the residuals. They are generally model-free (though not estimation-free) and thus are simple to implement. Efficiency comparisons are made using the Bahadur approach. Numerical studies based on simulated and real data are provided to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed tests for risk management or statistical purposes.
Feeding the Community: London’s Immigrants and Their Food, 1650–1800
Authors: Taverner Charlie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Early modern London was a diverse metropolis, but we know little about the social lives of its migrant communities, especially how they fed themselves. Influenced by recent anthropology and sociology of food, migration, and ethnicity, this article examines specific communal food practices of two minority communities in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Sephardic Jews and French Protestant refugees. Rather than studying how unusual foods marked these migrants as different, it explores how mundane food matters shaped social relations within these communities. The first section analyzes the system of shechita, the ritual slaughter of meat by Jews, by drawing on records of community leadership, account books, and printed texts on the subject. The second section examines two institutions established to feed the Huguenot poor, a soup kitchen in Spitalfields and the hospital known as “La Providence,” both of which left extensive records of administration. Though different, the case studies show how migrant groups, through specific food practices, constructed and experienced community within the capital. The article adds to our knowledge of migrant lives in the city and highlights the richness of institutional records from within these communities. It also suggests how food history can connect minority stories to British history more broadly.
Whole-Exome Sequencing Revealed a Pathogenic Nonsense Variant in theSLC19A2Gene in an Iranian Family with Thiamine-Responsive Megaloblastic Anemia
Authors: Mohsen-Pour Neda , Naderi Niloofar , Ghasemi Serwa , Hesami Mahshid , Maleki Majid , Kalayinia Samira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveSolute carrier family 19 member 2 (SLC19A2, OMIM *603941) encodes thiamine human transporter 1 (THTR-1), which contributes to bringing thiamine (vitamin B1) into cells. Mutations in SLC19A2 lead to a rare recessive genetic disorder termed thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) syndrome.MethodsAn Iranian family with TRMA was investigated by whole-exome sequencing (WES) to determine the genetic cause(s) of the disease. Accordingly, SLC19A2 genetic variants were gathered through literature analysis.ResultsWES recognized a known pathogenic variant, c.697C &gt; T (p. Q233X), within exon 2 of SLC19A2 (NM_006996). Subsequently, the proband’s parents and sister were confirmed as heterozygous carriers of the identified variant.ConclusionThe diagnostic utility and affordability of WES were confirmed as the first approach for the genetic testing of TRMA to verify the diagnosis. This analysis can be used to guide future prenatal diagnoses and determine the consequences in the other family members.
Trends in the Division of Matrimonial Property Based on Contribution: an Empirical Case Study Based on the Structured Approach in Singapore
Authors: Chan Leon Vincent , Xu Kaizhe Richard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Different jurisdictions have adopted different approaches to the division of matrimonial property. While some have greater certainty and predictability from a rules-based approach that adopts equal division as a starting point, others have adopted a discretionary approach with little to no guidance from the legislation. Using statistical methods, this empirical quantitative study seeks to show how trends (and in turn certainty and predictability) can be obtained from a discretionary system, using Singapore’s contributions-based approach as a case study. Analysing 265 Singaporean judgements, the authors observed, amongst other trends, that division for both single-income and dual-income marriage tend to incline towards equality as the marriage length increases; there are divergences in collective outcomes from the Singapore Court of Appeal and Singapore High Court, and judgements from the Singapore Family Justice Courts; direct contributions have a significant impact on division for dual-income marriages; and the presence of child(ren) significantly influences division.