bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Prevalence and Risk Factors of PTSS Between Chinese Patients With Depression and Non-depressed Controls During COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Peng Min , Song Xinran , Liu Luyu , Zhao Weifeng , Lai Pingmei , Bao Guanglin , Guo Tianyou , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: January 2022

Background: COVID-19 pandemic is a traumatic event all over the world, and may lead to post-traumatic stress symptom (PTSS) in different population who are under the threat of novel corona virus. Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare the prevalence and risk factors of PTSS between Chinese patients with depression and non-depressed controls during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: 437 depressed patients and 2,940 non-depressed controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study between February 14 and May 9, 2020.The Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to evaluate the psychological status of all the participants.Results: The prevalence of PTSS (IES-R ≥ 33) in depressed patients (45.08%) was higher than that in non-depressed controls (5.31%). Patients with depression were 16 times more likely to suffer from PTSS than those without depression. Correlation analyses showed that the IES-R total score was positively correlated with SDS, SAS, and PSQI scores in both depressed and non-depressed groups (Bonferroni corrected all p &lt; 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that SAS score, and PSQI score were independently associated with IES-R total score in both depression and non-depression groups. In depressed patients, education level and duration of media exposure to COVID-19 were positively associated with PTSS, while in the non-depressed group, subjects who were married, in the 31–50 year group or with higher SDS score were more likely to develop PTSS.Conclusions: These results indicate that the prevalence rate of PTSS in patients with depression is very higher than that in subjects without depression. PTSS are associated with a number of socio-demographic and clinical variables.
Cardiac Startle Response and Clinical Outcomes in Preschool Children With Fragile X Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Ezell Jordan , Hogan Abigail , Will Elizabeth A. , Smith Kayla , Roberts Jane 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Poor physiological regulation in response to threat is linked to multiple negative developmental outcomes including anxiety, which is highly prevalent and impairing in young children with neurodevelopmental disabilities like fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study contrasted cardiac startle response in pre-school-aged children with FXS, with and without ASD, to children with non-syndromic ASD (nsASD) and neurotypical controls (NT). The relationship of cardiac startle to non-verbal mental age (NVMA), ASD severity, and parent-reported anxiety was also examined.Method: Four age-matched groups of pre-school children participated including those with FXS without ASD (FXS-Only, n = 21), FXS with ASD (FXS+ASD, n = 17), nsASD (n = 42), and NT children (n = 27). Participants viewed a silent movie during which a single 200 ms 98-decibel white noise burst occurred. Cardiac activity was analyzed for pre-stimulus respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and the inter-beat intervals (IBI) at the auditory stimulus and 10 s post-stimulus. The Spence Pre-school Anxiety Scale, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2nd Edition, and Mullen Scales of Early Learning were examined in relation to startle response.Results: The nsASD group demonstrated heightened cardiac activity at the auditory stimulus and 10 s post-stimulus compared to the NT controls. Neither of the FXS groups showed differences from any other group. Higher pre-stimulus RSA was associated with reduced cardiac response across groups, while the relationship between cognitive ability and ASD severity to cardiac response varied between groups. Parent-reported anxiety was not associated with cardiac response for any group.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate group distinctions in cardiac responses to auditory startle. Although FXS and ASD share behavioral characteristics, the nsASD group showed a heightened cardiac startle response compared to the NT group that was not present in the FXS groups with or without ASD. Non-verbal mental age was associated with greater stimulus or post-stimulus reactivity for all groups except the FXS+ASD group, which showed no association between startle response and any clinical outcomes. Increased understanding of the relationship between physiological regulation and clinical outcomes will assist in identifying the timing and targets for effective interventions for individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities.
The Interaction Between Genetic Variant ZNF804A rs1344706 and Alcohol Withdrawal on Impulsivity: Evidence for the Diathesis-Stress Model
Authors: Zhang Xie , Sun Huankun , Wang Fan , Niculescu Michelle , Shen Guanghui , Zhou Siyao , Yang Fan , Chen Yu-Hsin , Chen Li , Wang Wei , Liu Yanlong 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most common substance use disorder, which may relate to increased impulsivity. A more detailed understanding of the potential moderating factor on association between AUD and impulsivity is likely to have far-reaching effects. This study aims to examine whether the interaction between a genetic variant ZNF804A rs1344706 and alcohol use is related to impulsivity in Chinese Han adult males diagnosed with AUD.Methods: A total of 455 Chinese Han adult males diagnosed with AUD were included in this study. Impulsivity was assessed using Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Alcohol dependence was measured by Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of participants and genotyped.Results: Hierarchical multiple regression yielded a significant interaction between ZNF804A rs1344706 and alcohol use (β = 0.20, p = 0.0237). Then, A region of significance (RoS) test was performed to interpret the interaction effect. Re-parameterized regression models revealed that the interaction between ZNF804A rs1344706 and alcohol problem severity fit to the weak diathesis-stress model (R2 = 0.15, p &lt; 0.0010), indicating that the T allele carriers are more susceptible to alcohol problem severity, jointly contributing to impulsivity.Conclusions: This study, which analyzed a specific gene-environment interaction, demonstrated that carriers of the T allele of ZNF804A rs1344706 may be more susceptible to alcohol problem severity, correlated with higher levels of impulsivity during withdrawal.
Aggression Amongst Outpatients With Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses in a Tertiary Mental Health Institution
Authors: Jeyagurunathan Anitha , Lau Jue Hua , Abdin Edimansyah , Shafie Saleha , Chang Sherilyn , Samari Ellaisha , Cetty Laxman , Wei Ker-Chiah , Mok Yee Ming , Tang Charmaine , Verma Swapna , Chong Siow Ann , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: January 2022

Aims: Aggression is defined as “any behavior intended to cause physical, emotional, or psychological harm to another.” The aims of the current study were to (i) examine underlying factor structure of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) and (ii) explore socio-demographic and clinical correlates (symptom severity, substance use and alcohol use) among patients with schizophrenia and related psychoses in a multi-ethnic Asian population.Methods: Data collected from 397 participants who were seeking outpatient treatment for schizophrenia and related psychoses at a tertiary psychiatric hospital were included in the analyses. BPAQ, a 29-item, four-factor instrument that measures physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility was used to assess aggression. Data on socio-demographic variables, age of onset of illness, drug use, alcohol use and symptom severity were also collected. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to establish the underlying factor structure of the BPAQ. Multiple regression analyses were utilized to examine socio-demographic and clinical correlates of the BPAQ factors.Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.2 years (SD = 10.9, range: 21–65). Factor structure obtained from the CFA indicated that a higher order four-factor solution had an acceptable fit to the observed data (WLSMV χ2 = 1,025.35, df = 320, RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.05). Females had lower physical aggression and hostility scores as compared to males. Those with lower education had higher physical aggression scores as compared to those with higher education. Participants who received a diagnosis after the age of 30 years had higher physical aggression and anger scores as compared to those who received a diagnosis at or before 20 years of age. Symptom severity was positively associated with higher BPAQ scores.Conclusion: The study findings demonstrated high internal consistency and applicable measurement factor structure of BPAQ in this study sample, making it an appropriate questionnaire for assessing aggressive behavior in this population. We also identified socio-demographic and clinical factors that were associated with aggression in patients with schizophrenia and related psychoses.
Pre-6G Graduate Education of Communications Engineering
Authors: Dang Shuping , Alouini Mohamed-Slim , Shihada Basem 
Published: January 2022

As sixth-generation (6G) communications have been widely discussed in the past 2 years, it is now the right time to investigate the potential impacts of 6G communications on the current graduate education system of communications engineering. In this article, we articulate a set of existing problems with the graduation education of communications engineering and analyze the trends and challenges of pre-6G graduate education of communications engineering. By this article, we not only aim to diagnose the existing problems with corresponding trends and challenges but also to call for proactive measures coping with them. Besides, we would also like to use this article to encourage more and more brave undergraduates to participate in communications engineering, a fast-changing and far-reaching discipline.
Synthetic Approaches to Complex Organic Molecules in the Cold Interstellar Medium
Authors: Herbst Eric , Garrod Robin T. 
Published: January 2022

The observation and synthesis of organic molecules in interstellar space is one of the most exciting and rapidly growing topics in astrochemistry. Spectroscopic observations especially with millimeter and submillimeter waves have resulted in the detection of more than 250 molecules in the interstellar clouds from which stars and planets are ultimately formed. In this review, we focus on the diverse suggestions made to explain the formation of Complex Organic Molecules (COMs) in the low-temperature interstellar medium. The dominant mechanisms at such low temperatures are still a matter of dispute, with both gas-phase and granular processes, occurring on and in ice mantles, thought to play a role. Granular mechanisms include both diffusive and nondiffusive processes. A granular explanation is strengthened by experiments at 10 K that indicate that the synthesis of large molecules on granular ice mantles under space-like conditions is exceedingly efficient, with and without external radiation. In addition, the bombardment of carbon-containing ice mantles in the laboratory by cosmic rays, which are mainly high-energy protons, can lead to organic species even at low temperatures. For processes on dust grains to be competitive at low temperatures, however, non-thermal desorption mechanisms must be invoked to explain why the organic molecules are detected in the gas phase. Although much remains to be learned, a better understanding of low-temperature organic syntheses in space will add both to our understanding of unusual chemical processes and the role of molecules in stellar evolution.
Surgical Outcomes of Vaginal or Cervical Melanoma
Authors: Tian Hui , Wang Xuan , Lian Bin , Si Lu , Gao Min , Zheng Hong , Chi Zhihong , Kong Yan , Mao Lili , Bai Xue , Tang Bixia , Yan Xieqiao , Li Siming , Zhou Li , Dai Jie , Sun Yangchun , Wu Lingying , Guo Jun , Cui Chuanliang 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of radical resection compared with non-radical resection for vaginal or cervical melanoma.Methods: We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of post-operative patients with primary lower genital tract melanoma hospitalised at Peking University Cancer Hospital between Jan 2014 and Dec 2020. The study endpoints were recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan–Meier method-plotted survival curves and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify the factors associated with RFS and OS, and to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).Results: A total of 80 patients were included. Thirty-one patients had received non-radical resection, and 49 patients had received radical resection. The median patient age was 55.5 (IQR 45.3–60.0) years. Sixty-two (77.5%) patients had vaginal melanoma. Sixty-four patients (80.0%) had received post-operative adjuvant therapy. The median follow-up time was 36.0 months (95% CI 10.1–62.1 months). Sixty-four patients developed recurrence, and 44 patients died. The median RFS (mRFS) was 6.0 months (95% CI 3.4–8.6 m), and the RFS for the radical resection group was longer than that for the non-radical resection group (9.5 vs. 5.3 m), with no significant difference (P &gt; 0.05). The median OS (mOS) was 25.9 months (95% CI 14.4–37.4 m). The mOS was 24.6 months (95% CI 10.3–38.9 m) and 25.9 months (95% CI 10.9–40.9 m) in the non-radical resection group and the radical resection group, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that surgical approach, infiltration depth of the tumour, lymph node metastasis, and post-operative adjuvant therapy were independent risk factors for RFS and that post-operative adjuvant therapy was an independent risk factor for OS.Conclusion: By performing multivariate analysis, which corrected for potential confounding factors, we identified surgical procedures that were associated with RFS, and we found that RFS and OS in patients with vaginal melanoma and cervical melanoma benefitted from post-operative adjuvant therapy.
Analysis of the Needs of Computational Thinking Components by Variables Related to Teachers in Secondary Vocational Education Specialized Subjects
Authors:   Korean Technology Education Association, Cho Hye Sook 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the needs of computational thinking required to teach students in specialized subjects in secondary vocational education by related variables. To this end, a questionnaire survey
was conducted on 477 teachers of secondary vocational education specializing in vocational education, considering the region, and a questionnaire of 379 (79.45%) were analyzed. For data analysis, descriptive statistical analysis and F-test of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed using the SPSS 18.0 program. The results of this study were as follows.
First, the average value of the needs for computational thinking of teachers in secondary vocational education according to their general education experience, the mean of teachers with more than 20 years of education
experience was the lowest, but there were no statistically significant differences between groups. In addition, in the case of the needs of the components of computational thinking, the mean of teachers without educational experience in computer-means subjects or computer-purpose subjects was low.
Second, in the case of the perceptions of teachers in specialized subjects who recognized that education on computational thinking should be taught in “General subjects”, the need for education on the components of
computational thinking skills was statistically significantly higher than that of other groups. As a result of analyzing the perceptions of teachers in specialized subjects on which areas of secondary vocational education should be conducted for computational thinking, 50.39% of the responding teachers recognized that computational thinking should be taught in “Common subject” in secondary vocational education.
Colestasis Intrahepatica del Embarazo
Authors: Peraza Rojas Melissa , Borbón Guevara Jorge Ignacio 
Published: January 2022

Colestasis intrahepática del embarazo es un trastorno hepático específico del embarazo que se caracteriza por prurito materno, presentándose generalmente en el segundo trimestre tardío o tercer trimestre de embarazo con alteración de las pruebas de función hepática, incluyendo elevación de ácidos biliares séricos. Los síntomas y signos clínicos se resuelven rápidamente después del parto, sin embargo, existe riesgo de reaparición en embarazos posteriores. La etiología de la colestasis intrahepática del embarazo es compleja y no se comprende completamente; es probable que sea el resultado de los efectos colestásicos de las hormonas reproductivas y sus metabolitos en mujeres genéticamente susceptibles. Esta enfermedad se asocia con un mayor riesgo de resultados adversos perinatales; se ha demostrado que el aumento de los ácidos biliares maternos >40 μmol/L se correlaciona con mayores complicaciones fetales como parto prematuro, tinción con meconio del líquido amniótico y muerte fetal, aún más cuando los niveles de ácidos biliares se encuentran por encima de los 100μmol/L.El tratamiento de primera línea es el ácido ursodesoxicólico, sin embargo, su evidencia se encuentra en conflicto para demostrar la efectividad y disminución de efectos adversos, tanto maternos como fetales. El parto temprano electivo es también una práctica común, pero debe considerarse de forma individualizada ya que no hay evidencia sólida que respalde esta práctica. En esta revisión se incluyen: etiología, características clínicas maternas, diagnóstico, complicaciones maternas y fetales e información de evidencia actualizada sobre los beneficios del manejo en la colestasis intrahepática del embarazo.
Analisis Atribute Auditor dan Audit Report Lag
Authors: Idawati Wiwi 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji audit report lag dengan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhinya seperti komite audit, rotasi audit dan ukuran KAP dengan ROA dan DER sebagai variabel kontrol pada periode 2018 sampai dengan tahun 2020 pada perusahaan pertambangan. Jenis penelitian adalah kausalitas sedangkan data yang digunakan adalah data skunder serta alat analisis data menerapkan Eviews 9 sebagai aplikasi dalam penelitian. Populasi pada perusahaan ini adalah seluruh perusahaan tambang sebanyak 41 dan terdaftar di BEI selama tahun 2018 sampai dengan 2020 dengan teknik penarikan sampel adalah purposive sampling sebanyak 24 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan rotasi audit serta ukuran KAP memiliki pengaruh dan variabel yang tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap audit report lag yaitu komite audit.
The Elementary School Students ability to read with Online Methods in the Covid 19 Pandemic era
Authors: Hidayanti Nur , Kania Raden , Solihati Tifani Intan 
Published: January 2022

The process of learning online makes the education has the current condition concerning. The problems occur at the Elementary School students in grades 1 and 2 is in the reading introduction stage because not all elementary school students attend kindergarten, but they have to take online schools that cannot meet their teachers in person. The students should be guided by the teacher to learn spelling and counting, could not be realized. The impact for the elementary school students in grades 1 and 2 is cannot read, even they have not memorized the alphabet completely. This is a small thing that is not visible to the naked eye but becomes a big problem in the field of education. The training and guidance for elementary school students can achieve the goal of the concepts of the 2021 KKM program, and they are not only good at reading, but they are familiar with digital literacy which has developed very rapidly in the globalization era.
PENGGUNAAN CITRA HIMPUNAN JULIA SEBAGAI CITRA SAMPUL UNTUK MENYEMBUNYIKAN CITRA RAHASIA
Authors: Hendarto Janoe 
Published: January 2022

Steganografi dengan metode fraktal (fractal steganography) adalah teknik menyembunyikan informasi atau pesan, yang dapat berupa citra rahasia, dalam suatu citra sampul (cover image) yang berupa citra fraktal (fractal image). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan citra fraktal matematis yaitu citra himpunan Julia dari fungsi komplek z2 – c, dengan memanfaatkan sifat-sifat fraktalnya yaitu antara lain sensitif terhadap nilai awal, kesamaan diri dan iteratif.
Pertama, dibahas bagaimana menyembunyikan citra rahasia dalam suatu citra sampul yaitu citra himpunan Julia dari fungsi komplek z2 – c dengan nilai c dijadikan salah satu komponen dari kunci(key) dan juga nggunakan manipulasi warna (RGB) dari citra sampul, suatu pesan berupa citra rahasia yang sudah dikonversi dalam betuk matrik biner 0,1 dapat disembunyikan sehingga menghasilkan citra stego (stego image) yang secara visual sama dengan citra sampulnya dan diharapkan tahan terhadap serangan. Kemudian, dibuat program komputer yang mampu menyembunyikan dan mengambil kembali citra rahasia pada citra sampul himpunan. Dari analisis hasil program komputer yang dibuat, perbandingan antara citra sampul dan citra stego berukuran 512x512 pixel, didapat bahwa rata-rata RMSE 0,2305 dan rata-rata PSNR 60,88 db dari 12 set data uji, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua citra sangat mirip sehingga sulit dibedakan mana citra yang memuat citra rahasia dengan ukuran citra rahasia paling besar 128x85 pixel atau 261.120 bits. Waktu proses penyembunyian citra rahasia rata-rata 1,626 detik (tidak termasuk waktu pembuatan citra sampul) sedangkan waktu proses pengambilan kembali citra rahasia rata-rata 4,526 detik
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS (STAD) TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI PERANGKAT LUNAK PENGOLAH ANGKA
Authors: Yulistina Epi , Nurkamilah Milah , Fitri Sulidar 
Published: January 2022

Kemandirian belajar peserta didik menjadi hal yang penting dan perlu dicapai dalam sebuah proses pendidikan karena salah satunya diduga akan berdampak pada pencapaian prestasi belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams-Achievment Divisons (STAD) terhadap kemandirian dan prestasi belajar pada materi perangkat lunak pengolah angka, serta untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kemandirian dan prestasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang dilaksanakan di SMK BPI Baturompe kota Tasikmalaya dengan populasi kelas X BDPM. Sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode non tes dan tes. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket kemandirian belajar, dokumentasi dan soal tes prestasi belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Nilai uji t post test angket kemandirian belajar 7,953 > t tabel 2,02. (2) Nilai uji t post test prestasi belajar 3,990 > t tabel 2,02. (3) Uji korelasi antara kemandirian dan prestasi belajar peserta didik nilai r hitung 0,730 > r tabel 0,433 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000. Dengan demikian model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD efektif terhadap kemandirian dan prestasi belajar serta terdapat hubungan antara kemandirian belajar dengan prestasi belajar peserta didik dengan tingkat hubungan berada pada kategori kuat.