bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telehealth for gynaecology outpatients during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Patient and clinician experiences
Authors: Mclaughlin Emma Jane , Ellett Lenore Caroline , Readman Emma , Mooney Samantha 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has necessitated alterations in provision of health care and how patients access it. Telehealth has replaced traditional face‐to‐face outpatient clinics in an unprecedented manner. This study aimed to assess overall patient and clinician satisfaction with telehealth consultations, to establish acceptability of telehealth during pandemic and non‐pandemic times, and document feedback.Materials and MethodsA prospective observational study involving women presenting to a general gynaecology outpatient department was performed. Women who attended for consultation between 13 July and 4 September 2020 were invited to participate in a questionnaire following their telehealth appointment. Clinicians consulting in the outpatient department were invited to complete a questionnaire at the end of the eight‐week study period. Satisfaction, utility and acceptability data were obtained using visual analogue scales (VAS).ResultsTwenty‐six out of 56 (46.4%) clinicians and 124/870 (14.3%) patients completed the questionnaire. Patients who responded were older and more likely to have been born in Australia than women who did not (P = 0.0355 and P = 0.005, respectively). Overall patient satisfaction with telehealth was high (median VAS (interquartile range), 8.6 (5.6–9.8)). More women found telehealth to be acceptable during a pandemic than afterward (8.9 vs 6.6, P < 0.0001). Clinicians were less satisfied with telehealth than patients (7.1 vs 8.6, P = 0.02); however, most would be happy to continue using telehealth in non‐pandemic times (7.0 (6.2–9.8)).ConclusionTelehealth consultations allow provision of gynaecological care at a time when reducing risk of infection to patients and staff is paramount. Telehealth gynaecology consultations are efficient and convenient without significant detriment to patient or clinician satisfaction.
Peche problems
Authors: PEREZ JUSTIN 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTAs declarations of a possible “end of AIDS” emerged during the epidemic's fourth decade, some HIV‐prevention efforts shifted to address social conditions and individual dispositions among the populations most affected. In Peru, where HIV was concentrated among transgender women and gay men, health science positioned transactional sex as one site of intervention. Gay and transgender communities themselves circulated stories that dramatized transactional sex. Set against the backdrop of Peru's armed conflict (1980–2000), these stories pivoted on peches—the small gifts given to incentivize sexual and romantic relationships—and reflected a shared moral imaginary linked to the context of postconflict society. Interpreting transactional sex like a peche illuminates the moral dimensions of the category and suggests that the technical project of achieving an “end of AIDS” future is also imaginative and moralizing. Peches thus offer an interpretive approach to the persistent tensions between local and globalized categories, in relation to both HIV/AIDS and more broadly to other contexts. [sexuality, transactional sex, HIV/AIDS, end of AIDS, gay, transgender, morality, Peru]
Multilevel musculo‐fascial defect magnetic resonance study of female pelvic floor: retrospective case control study in women with pelvic floor dysfunction after the first vaginal delivery
Authors: Krcmar Michal , Horcicka Lukas , Nemec Martin , Hanulikova Petra , Feyereisl Jaroslav , Krofta Ladislav 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a detailed display of the pelvic floor structures responsible for normal pelvic floor anatomy. The aim of the study is to assess the appearance of musculo‐fascial defects in women with pelvic floor dysfunction following first vaginal delivery.Material and methodsAnalysis of axial T3 (Tesla 3) MRI scans from a case control study of symptomatic (n = 149) and asymptomatic (n = 60) women after first vaginal delivery. Presence and severity of pelvic organ support and attachment system defects in three axial pelvic planes were assessed.ResultsIn the symptomatic group, major muscular defects were found in 67.1% (for pubovisceral muscle complex) and 87.9% (for iliococcygeal muscle). Only 6.7% of major pubovisceral and 35.0% of major iliococcygeal defects were identified in the controls (p = 0.000). Prolapse patients had an odds ratio (OR) of 22.1 (95% CI 8.94–54.67) to have major pubovisceral muscle complex defect and OR of 4.9 (95% CI 1.51–15.71) to have major iliococcygeal muscle defect. Fascial defects were found in 60.4% and 83.2% the symptomatic group, respectively. Those with prolapse had an OR of 29.1 (95% CI 9.77–86.31) to have facial defect at the level of pubovisceral muscle complex and an OR of 16.9 (95% CI 7.62–37.69) to have fascial defect at the level of iliococcygeal muscle. Uterosacral ligaments detachment was associated with prolapse with an OR of 10.1 (95% CI 4.01–25.29). For the model based on combination on all MRI markers, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve is 0.921.ConclusionsThis study provides comprehensive data about first vaginal delivery‐induced changes in the levator ani muscle and endopelvic fascial attachment system. These changes are seen also in asymptomatic controls, but they are significantly less expressed.
Age, income and sleep duration were associated with outcomes in children participating in weight management
Authors: Kjetså Ingrid , Halvorsen Peder Andreas , Kokkvoll Ane Sofie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimTo explore associations between baseline factors and weight‐related outcomes among participants enrolled in a paediatric obesity trial.MethodsWe included children aged 6–12 years participating in a 2‐year multidisciplinary family programme who attended a postintervention follow‐up 36 months from baseline (n = 62). Outcome measures were change in body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS), reduction in BMI SDS ≥0.25 and change in waist circumference (WC). Independent variables included in linear and logistic regression models were age, sex, household income, parents' education, sleep duration, screen time and physical activity.ResultsAltogether, 26 children (42%) attained a reduction of BMI SDS ≥0.25. Higher family income and longer sleep duration were associated with greater change in BMI SDS (−0.05 per 100.000 NOK, p = 0.02, and −0.24 per hour, p = 0.02, respectively). Higher age was associated with greater change in WC (−2.1 cm per year, p = 0.01) but lower odds of attaining a reduction in BMI SDS ≥0.25 (OR per year 0.70, p = 0.04). There was a borderline statistically significant trend towards greater increase in WC with longer daily screen time (p = 0.05).ConclusionAge, family income and sleep duration at baseline were associated with weight‐related outcomes 1‐year postintervention.
Carvedilol versus endoscopic band ligation for secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding—long‐term follow‐up of a randomised control trial
Authors: Dunne Philip D. J. , Young David , Chuah Cher Shiong , Hayes Peter C. , Tripathi Dhiraj , Leithead Joanna , Smith Lyn A. , Gaya Daniel R. , Forrest Ewan , Stanley Adrian J. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryBackground and AimsCarvedilol reduces rates of variceal bleeding and rebleeding by lowering portal pressure. However, an associated pleiotropic survival benefit has been proposed. We aimed to assess long‐term survival in a cohort of patients previously randomised to receive either carvedilol or endoscopic band ligation (EBL) following oesophageal variceal bleeding (OVB).MethodsThe index study randomised 64 cirrhotic patients with OVB between 2006 and 2011 to receive either carvedilol or EBL. Follow‐up was undertaken to April 2020 by review of electronic patient records. The primary outcome was survival. Other outcomes including variceal rebleeding and liver decompensation events were compared.Results26 out of 33 participants received carvedilol in the follow‐up period and 28 out of 31 attended regular EBL sessions. The median number of follow‐up days for all patients recruited was 1459 (SE = 281.74). On the intention to treat analysis, there was a trend towards improved survival in the carvedilol group (p = 0.09). On per‐protocol analysis, carvedilol use was associated with improved long‐term survival (p = 0.005, HR 3.083, 95% CI 1.397–6.809), fewer liver‐related deaths (0% vs 22.57%, p = 0.013, OR ∞, 95%CI 1.565–∞) and fewer admissions with decompensated liver disease (12% vs 64.29%, p = 0.0002, OR 13.2, 95% CI 3.026–47.23) compared to the EBL group. There was no statistically significant difference in variceal rebleeding rates.ConclusionFollowing OVB in cirrhotic patients, carvedilol use is associated with survival benefit, fewer liver‐related deaths and fewer hospital admissions with decompensated liver disease. Further studies are needed to validate this finding.
Left thoracoscopic surgery in the prone position for a bronchogenic cyst localized to the lower thoracic esophagus: A case report
Authors: Imai Takeharu , Yamada Makoto , Nakashima Takuya , Namiki Kenji , Ukai Jyunko , Horaguchi Takeshi , Matsumoto Keita , Tanahashi Toshiyuki , Yawata Kazunori , Marui Tsutomu , Sasaki Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 60‐year‐old woman with an abnormality discovered during a chest X‐ray was referred to the authors' hospital for diagnosis and treatment. Upon enhanced computed tomography (CT), endoscopic ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging, a tumor on the left side of the lower thoracic esophagus was detected. We diagnosed mediastinum cyst. One year after the first visit, a CT examination confirmed an increase in lesion size. Therefore, surgery was performed using a left thoracoscopic approach in the prone position. Before surgery, 3D models were used for simulation. Excision was performed without leakage of the contents. The histopathological diagnosis was a bronchogenic cyst. The left thoracoscopic surgery in the prone position is an uncommon approach but is useful for resecting tumors in the left side of the lower mediastinum. The authors were well‐prepared and able to perform safe and reliable surgery.
Cost‐effectiveness of mental health interventions during and after pregnancy: A systematic review
Authors: Verbeke Evelyn , Bogaerts Annick , Nuyts Tinne , Crombag Neeltje , Luyten Jeroen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMental health problems during and after pregnancy such as depression, anxiety, post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or addiction are common and can have lifelong implications for both parents and offspring. This review investigates the cost‐effectiveness of interventions tackling these problems, assesses the methodological quality of included studies, and indicates suggestions for further research.MethodsThirteen databases were searched for economic evaluations of interventions related to antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal mental health conditions, published between 2000 and September 2021, in high‐income countries.ResultsThirty‐nine studies met all inclusion criteria. Interventions considered were screening programs, pharmacological treatments, and various forms of psychosocial and psychological support. Six studies reported that the intervention was cost‐saving. Eighteen were cost‐effective and seven likely to be cost‐effective. Only six studies included health outcomes for the child; one study considered paternal health. The time horizon for which costs and consequences were considered was for most evaluations limited to 1 year (n = 18) or 2 years (n = 11) postpartum.ConclusionsGiven the importance of the subject, a relatively low number of studies have investigated the cost‐effectiveness of interventions tackling mental health problems during and after pregnancy. The scant evidence available suggests good overall value for money. Likely, cost‐effectiveness is underestimated as costly long‐term consequences on offspring are systematically excluded. No evidence was found for several frequently occurring conditions. Further research is required to obtain reliable, long‐term effectiveness data and to address the methodological challenges related to measuring all relevant health outcomes for all parties affected.
Isoquinolines alkaloids and cancer metabolism: Pathways and targets to novel chemotherapy
Authors: Mello Angélica Lauria do Nascimento , Zancan Patricia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCancer is one of the main causes of death in the world. This is a complex disease where the development of resistance to chemotherapy is frequent driving the search for new anticancer compounds. In this sense, isoquinolines have gained attention in the past few years. This review aims to highlight the new advances related to the use of isoquinolines compounds against cancer cells, and we point out targets for their anti‐tumor action. Isoquinolines are compounds found in plants that are important for their protection. In cancer, many representatives of this class of compounds have demonstrated their efficacy against cancer by acting on cancer metabolism, such as triggering cell death, reducing pro‐survival protein expression, inducing ROS production, inhibiting pro‐survival cell signaling pathways, among other effects. The mechanisms triggered by isoquinolines in cancer cells represent robust anticancer strategies, which support that this class of compounds are strong candidates for cancer treatment.
After a decade of tool innovation, what comes next?
Authors: Rawlings Bruce S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA decade ago, now‐seminal work showed that children are strikingly unskilled at simple tool innovation. Since then, a surge of research has replicated these findings across diverse cultures, which has stimulated evocative yet unanswered questions. Humans are celebrated among the animal kingdom for our proclivity to create and use tools and have the most complex and diverse technology on earth. Our capacity for tool use has altered our ecological environments irrevocably. How can we achieve so much, yet tool innovation be such a difficult and late‐developing skill for children? In this article, I briefly summarize what we know about the development of tool innovation, then discuss five outstanding questions in the field. With a focus on different empirical and theoretical perspectives, I argue that addressing these questions is crucial for understanding fully the ontogeny of one of humans’ most notable skills.
A defensive mindset: A pattern of social information processing that develops early and predicts life course outcomes
Authors: Dodge Kenneth A. , Bai Yu , Godwin Jennifer , Lansford Jennifer E. , Bates John E. , Pettit Gregory S. , Jones Damon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe hypothesis was tested that some children develop a defensive mindset that subsumes individual social information processing (SIP) steps, grows from early experiences, and guides long‐term outcomes. In Study 1 (Fast Track [FT]), 463 age‐5 children (45% girls; 43% Black) were first assessed in 1991 and followed through age 32 (83% retention). In Study 2 (Child Development Project [CDP]), 585 age‐5 children (48% girls, 17% Black) were first assessed in 1987 and followed through age 34 (78% retention). In both studies, measures were collected of early adverse experiences, defensive mindset and SIP, and adult outcomes. Across both studies, a robust latent construct of school‐age defensive mindset was validated empirically (comparative fit index = .99 in each study) and found to mediate the impact of early child abuse (38% in FT and 29% in CDP of total effect) and peer social rejection (14% in FT and 7% in CDP of total effect) on adult incarceration.
Building an understanding of Indigenous Health Workers’ role in oral health: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Poirier Brianna , Sethi Sneha , Hedges Joanne , Jamieson Lisa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesIndigenous health workers (IHW) play an integral role in the provision of culturally safe care for Indigenous communities. Despite this, IHW involvement in oral health has been limited. Therefore, this qualitative systematic review aimed to build an understanding of IHW insights on oral health.MethodsTwo independent reviewers searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus using a pre‐established search strategy. Qualitative studies that included IHW illustrations about oral health were considered. The search was not limited by geographic setting. Included articles were critically appraised with the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tool for qualitative studies.ResultsThe search identified 1856 articles eligible for inclusion; a total of 10 articles were included. Four synthesized findings were identified during the meta‐aggregation: oral health challenges in community, systemic barriers limiting IHW ability to support oral health, benefits of IHW involvement in oral health and avenues to increase IHW involvement in oral health.ConclusionThe prioritization of Indigenous leadership in oral health has the potential to address many of the current challenges Indigenous communities face. Future works need to determine the capacity of IHW to provide oral health care and explore opportunities to create specific oral health roles for IHW.
A predicting model of child‐bearing‐aged women’ spontaneous abortion by co‐infections of TORCH and reproductive tract
Authors: Zuo Qun , Gao Zhangquan , Cai Li , Bai Linlin , Pei Yu , Liu Mengchao , Xue Hongmei , Xu Juan , Wang Shusong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo develop a predicting model of child‐bearing‐aged women’ spontaneous abortion (SA) by co‐infections of TORCH and reproductive tract, in order to provide a reference tool for accurately predicting the risk of SA and guide the early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of SA. A prospective cohort study was designed based on 218 958 child‐bearing‐aged women following up in Hebei province in China from 2010 to 2017. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to select candidate predictive variables. Fisher's discriminant analysis was performed to build a predictive model, and the validity of the model was evaluated. The incidence rate of SA was 2.4%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 3.507), adverse pregnancy history (OR = 1.509), co‐infections status of Candida and HBsAg (ORCandida positive×HBsAg negative = 4.091, ORCandida negative×HBsAg positive = 3.327, and ORCandida positive×HBsAg positive = 13.762), and co‐infections status of HBsAg, Rubella (IgG) and CMV (IgG) (ORHBs‐Ag negative×Rubella (IgG) negative×CMV (IgG) positive = 1.789, ORHBs‐Ag positive×Rubella (IgG) positive×CMV (IgG) negative = 3.809, and ORHBsAg positive×Rubella (IgG) positive×CMV (IgG) positive = 11.919) were the independent predictors of SA. The total discriminant rate reached 91%, with 82% of the sensitivity and 91% of the specificity. The predicting model of child‐bearing‐aged women’ SA by co‐infections status has a good performance. The co‐infection status of TORCH and reproductive tract are suggested to be considered in pre‐pregnancy physical examination.
Vertical ridge augmentation feasibility using unfixed collagen membranes and particulate bone substitutes: A 1‐ to 7‐year retrospective single‐cohort observational study
Authors: Lee Jung‐Seok , Park Jin‐Young , Chung Hye‐Min , Song Young Woo , Strauss Franz‐Josef 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimTo determine whether vertical ridge augmentation (VRA) can be obtained through guided bone regeneration (GBR) using exclusively resorbable collagen membranes and particulate bone substitutes without additional stabilization.Materials and MethodsThis study retrospectively examined 22 participants who underwent VRA with staged or simultaneous implant placement. The vertical defects of all participants were filled with particulate bone substitutes and covered with resorbable collagen membranes. The augmented sites were stabilized with unfixed collagen membranes and the flap without any additional fixation. The augmented tissue height was assessed using cone‐beam computed tomography at baseline, immediately after surgery, and at annual follow‐ups.ResultsThe vertical bone gain of the 22 augmented sites amounted to 6.48 ± 2.19 mm (mean ± SD) immediately after surgery and 5.78 ± 1.72 mm at 1‐ to 7‐year follow‐up. Of the 22 augmented sites, 18 exhibited changes of less than 1 mm, while the other 4 showed changes of greater than 1 mm. Histological observation of three representative cases revealed new bone apposition on the remaining material.ConclusionThe present findings indicate that GBR procedures using exclusively collagen membranes and particulate biomaterials without any additional fixation are feasible options for VRA.
A way forward for wild fungi in international sustainability policy
Authors: Oyanedel Rodrigo , Hinsley Amy , Dentinger Bryn T.M. , Milner‐Gulland E.J. , Furci Giuliana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA series of international sustainability policies currently in negotiation will shape biodiversity conservation for decades to come. However, discussions of current sustainability policy have a huge blind spot: the absence of Fungi, one of the eukaryotic Kingdoms. Wild fungi are a key component of natural ecosystems (e.g., through parasitic symbiosis), maintain soil fertility by decomposing organic matter, and facilitate uptake of water and nutrients through mycorrhizal association with plant roots, enhancing carbon sequestration. Moreover, the harvest, use, and trade of wild fungi are essential economic and cultural activities, supporting livelihoods and providing food and medicinal ingredients. Still, the sustainability of wild fungi use is hard to assess because there is a lack of attention from research, legislation, and society at large. Here, we present a way forward for including wild fungi in international sustainability policy. We layout four key steps to foster a much‐needed policy and societal transformation: acknowledge the existence of Fungi as an independent Kingdom; tailor sustainability policy targets to include Fungi; implement comprehensive monitoring of wild fungi status and trends; and promote responsible use of wild fungi as a livelihood opportunity in rural areas. These steps can facilitate a transition toward better recognizing, valuing, and conserving the ecosystem services wild fungi provide.
Cytological features of NUT‐carcinoma harbouring an NSD3‐NUTM1 fusion
Authors: Argyropoulos Kimon V. , Lin Lawrence Hsu , Moreira Andre L. , Krock Bryan , Simsir Aylin , Brandler Tamar C. 
Published: March 2022

NUT (Nuclear protein of the testis)‐carcinomas are uncommon malignancies that are even less frequently encountered as cytological specimens. Presented here is a case of pulmonary NUT‐carcinoma diagnosed on wash cytology with cell block preparation, characterised by the unusual NUT fusion variant, NSD3‐NUTM1. Given the limited information on the cytological features of NUT‐carcinomas, including partners beyond the classic BRD4 or BRD3 genes and especially NUTM1 fusion variants, it is important to provide more of these cases in the literature so that they can be readily distinguished from morphologically and immunohistochemically similar neoplasms.
Monitoring early neuromotor performance using the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination to predict later cognition
Authors: Cao Jianguo , Huang Meihuan 
Published: March 2022

This commentary is on the original articles by Romeo et al. To view this paper visit https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.15191 and https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.15201.This commentary is also available in Chinese. To view this paper.