bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving pain management in a neonatal intensive care unit with single‐family room—A quality improvement project
Authors: Lyngstad Lene Tandle , Steinnes Solfrid , Le Marechal Flore 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPreterm birth is a risk factor for early experience of pain. Despite advances in neonatal care, evidence‐based knowledge of the importance of adequate pain management and strong international guidelines for assessment and treatment of neonatal pain, only 10% of sick term and preterm infants were assessed for pain and stress on a daily basis. The aim of this quality improvement (QI) project is evaluation of implemented guidelines for pain assessment and management, and increased parental involvement in a Norwegian single‐family room NICU. Method: The different steps of the project entailed translation of the English version of COMFORTneo, development and implementation of guidelines with flowcharts for pain management, and pain assessment certification of the interprofessional staff. Part two of the project is supervision of the interprofessional staff in parental involvement in stress‐ and painful procedures. Our study showed that one year after implementation, 88.8% of the COMFORTneo assessments were performed according to the pain management guidelines. The staff used the flowcharts to assess, treat and reassess pain and stress. There was a high interrater reliability with linearly weighted Cohen's kappa values ranging from 0.81 to 0.95, with a median of 0.90. In addition, our study showed increased parental involvement in procedures, from 50.3% before to 82.3% after the quality improvement project. The success of this quality improvement project is explained by systematic use of flowcharts and implemented guidelines for pain management, interprofessional collaboration, and cultural change agents. Theoretical lectures and practical bedside supervision to interprofessional staff increased parental involvement in stress‐ and painful procedures.
‘Too smart’: Infrastructuring the Internet through regional and rural smart policy in Australia
Authors: Randell‐Moon Holly Eva Katherine , Hynes Danielle 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSmart infrastructure is positioned as central to the liveability and viability of rural and regional towns in Australia. The Australian Government's Smart Cities Plan and Regional Connectivity Program includes Smart Investment in regional areas and the New South Wales Government has prioritised connectivity and telecommunications infrastructural development through the Regional Digital Connectivity program. And yet regional and rural communities are typically excluded from the evidence base for smart technologies and services. Local Aboriginal Land Councils are also important stakeholders in managing the digital processes associated with information and infrastructure moving across different Countries. This paper draws on data from the ‘It just works!’: Regional and rural consumer understandings of smart technologies in North West New South Wales project, including over 130 survey responses and interviews with shire councillors, land councillors, and consumers on smart development and Internet infrastructure in the region. In the areas surveyed, smart regional policy is variously emerging, non‐existent, or assembled from existing policy domains and regulation involving the Internet, telecommunications, regional development, First Nations, and local government. We argue that regional and rural understandings of growth and development are experienced through the infrastructuring processes of Internet quality, availability, and speed.
Ir Single Atoms Doped Cuboctahedral Pd for Boosted Methanol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Wei Xinyi , Zhang Jinfeng , Liu Chang , Han Xiaopeng , Deng Yida , Hu Wenbin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe construction of binary metal Pd‐based catalysts is an effective strategy to enhance the activity of methanol oxidation reaction. Herein, atomically dispersed Ir single atoms doped to cuboctahedral Pd nanoparticles (Ir‐SAs/Pd) as efficient catalysts for alkaline methanol oxidation are prepared via a simple chemical reduction method. The synthetic Ir‐SAs/Pd catalysts exhibit the outstanding mass activity of about 1717.3 mA mgPd−1 compared with pure Pd and commercial Pd/C in electrooxidation for methanol. Meanwhile, the introduction of Ir single atoms enhances the CO tolerance of Pd nanoparticles to a large extent. On the basis of density functional theory results, the enhanced catalytic performance and CO tolerance rely on the effective improvement of the electron dominance near Fermi level and the negative shift of the d‐band center for Pd as a result of the electron redistribution between Pd and Ir atoms. This article will provide new insight into the design of high‐performance binary metal catalysts for methanol oxidation in alkaline media.
2‐Deoxy‐d‐glucose induces deglycosylation of proinflammatory cytokine receptors and strongly reduces immunological responses in mouse models of inflammation
Authors: Uehara Ikuno , Kajita Mitsuko , Tanimura Atsuko , Hida Shigeaki , Onda Munehiko , Naito Zenya , Taki Shinsuke , Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnti‐proinflammatory cytokine therapies against interleukin (IL)‐6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and IL‐1 are major advancements in treating inflammatory diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis. Such therapies are mainly performed by injection of antibodies against cytokines or cytokine receptors. We initially found that the glycolytic inhibitor 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (2‐DG), a simple monosaccharide, attenuated cellular responses to IL‐6 by inhibiting N‐linked glycosylation of the IL‐6 receptor gp130. Aglycoforms of gp130 did not bind to IL‐6 or activate downstream intracellular signals that included Janus kinases. 2‐DG completely inhibited dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis, a mouse model for inflammatory bowel disease, and alleviated laminarin‐induced arthritis in the SKG mouse, an experimental model for human rheumatoid arthritis. These diseases have been shown to be partially dependent on IL‐6. We also found that 2‐DG inhibited signals for other proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and interferon ‐γ, and accordingly, prevented death by another inflammatory disease, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) shock. Furthermore, 2‐DG prevented LPS shock, a model for a cytokine storm, and LPS‐induced pulmonary inflammation, a model for acute respiratory distress syndrome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). These results suggest that targeted therapies that inhibit cytokine receptor glycosylation are effective for treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
Assessing colony elimination in multicolonial ants: Estimating field efficacy of insecticidal baits against the invasive dark rover ant (Brachymyrmex patagonicus)
Authors: Shults Phillip , Eyer Pierre‐Andre , Moran Megan , Chura Madeleine , Ko Alexander , Vargo Edward L 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDA frequent goal of pest management strategies targeting social insects is total colony elimination. Insecticidal baits are highly effective at controlling social insect pests, although their ability to provide total colony elimination has only been well studied in a few species. Genetically testing colony elimination in many urban pest ants can be challenging due to indistinct colony boundaries observed in unicolonial, invasive species; however, some pest ants, such as the dark rover ant (Brachymyrmex patagonicus), maintain strict colony borders through aggression towards non‐nestmates. Each of these distinct colonies can be identified using molecular markers, allowing for the tracking of individual colonies pre‐ and post‐treatment to measure colony density. While counting the number of foraging workers to assess treatment efficacy may suffice in some cases, it offers little insight into the colony‐level impacts of a treatment.RESULTSUsing microsatellite markers, distinct rover ant colonies were identified and tracked around residential structures before and after the application of an imidacloprid bait. The number of foraging ants at the treated structures was reduced by an average of 83.0% over a 28‐day observation period. Baiting also significantly reduced the total number of colonies present. At the treatment structures, only ~25% of the original colonies remained at the end of the study. Colonies with foraging trails <1.5 m from a bait station had a higher chance of being eliminated.CONCLUSIONUsing insecticidal baits against B. patagonicus can be highly effective at colony elimination; however, with such small foraging ranges and high colony densities, proper placement is required to ensure enough bait is properly positioned to treat all colonies affecting a structure. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Do overconfident and over‐optimistic entrepreneurs invest too much in their companies? Theory and evidence from Italian SMEs
Authors: Cervellati Enrico Maria , Pattitoni Pierpaolo , Savioli Marco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryEntrepreneurs often invest a large share of their personal wealth in their firms, exposing themselves to idiosyncratic risk. We propose a theoretical model showing how overconfidence and overoptimism may help to explain this evidence. We focus on overprecision, but we also consider overestimation and overplacement. Numerical examples show a more substantial role for overconfidence than overoptimism in determining entrepreneurs' portfolio allocations. We test the effect of the two latent variables—overconfidence and overoptimism—on small business owners' portfolio allocations. We use a unique dataset including private information on Italian small and medium enterprises and a structural equation modeling approach. A positive relationship between overconfidence and entrepreneurs' investments in their own companies is confirmed.Managerial SummaryWe propose a theoretical model showing how overconfidence and overoptimism explain the evidence that entrepreneurs invest a large share of their personal wealth in their firms, exposing themselves to specific risk. Overconfidence leads to underestimating risk, while overoptimism to overestimate expected returns. Using numerical examples, we show a more substantial role for overconfidence than overoptimism in determining entrepreneurs' portfolio allocations. Using a unique dataset including private information on Italian small and medium enterprises, we test our model and find a positive relationship between overconfidence and small business owners' investments in their own companies.
Influence of Chain Length of Gradient and Block Copoly(2‐oxazoline)s on Self‐Assembly and Drug Encapsulation
Authors: Sedlacek Ondrej , Bardoula Valentin , Vuorimaa‐Laukkanen Elina , Gedda Lars , Edwards Katarina , Radulescu Aurel , Mun Grigoriy A. , Guo Yong , Zhou Junnian , Zhang Hongbo , Nardello‐Rataj Véronique , Filippov Sergey , Hoogenboom Richard 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAmphiphilic gradient copolymers represent a promising alternative to extensively used block copolymers due to their facile one‐step synthesis by statistical copolymerization of monomers of different reactivity. Herein, an in‐depth analysis is provided of micelles based on amphiphilic gradient poly(2‐oxazoline)s with different chain lengths to evaluate their potential for micellar drug delivery systems and compare them to the analogous diblock copolymer micelles. Size, morphology, and stability of self‐assembled nanoparticles, loading of hydrophobic drug curcumin, as well as cytotoxicities of the prepared nanoformulations are examined using copoly(2‐oxazoline)s with varying chain lengths and comonomer ratios. In addition to several interesting differences between the two copolymer architecture classes, such as more compact self‐assembled structures with faster exchange dynamics for the gradient copolymers, it is concluded that gradient copolymers provide stable curcumin nanoformulations with comparable drug loadings to block copolymer systems and benefit from more straightforward copolymer synthesis. The study demonstrates the potential of amphiphilic gradient copolymers as a versatile platform for the synthesis of new polymer therapeutics.
Recent Progress on Fe‐Based Single/Dual‐Atom Catalysts for Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Liu Haoxuan , Yu Fangfang , Wu Kuan , Xu Gang , Wu Chao , Liu Hua‐Kun , Dou Shi‐Xue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs one of the most competitive candidates for large‐scale energy storage, zinc–air batteries (ZABs) have attracted great attention due to their high theoretical specific energy density, low toxicity, high abundance, and high safety. It is highly desirable but still remains a huge challenge, however, to achieve cheap and efficient electrocatalysts to promote their commercialization. Recently, Fe‐based single‐atom and dual‐atom catalysts (SACs and DACs, respectively) have emerged as powerful candidates for ZABs derived from their maximum utilization of atoms, excellent catalytic performance, and low price. In this review, some fundamental concepts in the field of ZABs are presented and the recent progress on the reported Fe‐based SACs and DACs is summarized, mainly focusing on the relationship between structure and performance at the atomic level, with the aim of providing helpful guidelines for future rational designs of efficient electrocatalysts with atomically dispersed active sites. Finally, the great advantages and future challenges in this field of ZABs are also discussed.
Practical High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Tuning the Solvation Structure in Weakly Solvating Electrolyte
Authors: Pham Thuy Duong , Bin Faheem Abdullah , Kim Junam , Oh Hye Min , Lee Kyung‐Koo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLi metal batteries (LMBs) are ideal candidates for future high‐energy‐density battery systems. To date, high‐voltage LMBs suffer severe limitations because of electrolytes unstable against Li anodes and high‐voltage cathodes. Although ether‐based electrolytes exhibit good stability with Li metal, compared to carbonate‐based electrolytes, they have been used only in ≤4.0 V LMBs because of their limited oxidation stability. Here, a high concentration electrolyte (HCE) comprising lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and a weakly solvating solvent (1,2‐diethoxyethane, DEE) is designed, which can regulate unique solvation structures with only associated complexes at relatively lower concentration compared to the reported HCEs. This effectively suppresses dendrites on the anode side, and preserves the structural integrity of the cathode side under high voltages by the formation of stable interfacial layers on a Li metal anode and LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathode. Consequently, a 3.5 m LiFSI–DEE plays an important role in enhancing the stability of the Li||NMC811 cell with a capacity retention of ≈94% after 200 cycles under a high current density of 2.5 mA cm−2. In addition, the 3.5 m LiFSI–DEE electrolyte exhibits good performance with anode‐free batteries. This study offers a promising approach to enable ether‐based electrolytes for high‐voltage LMBs applications.
Hexagonal PtBi Intermetallic Inlaid with Sub‐Monolayer Pb Oxyhydroxide Boosts Methanol Oxidation
Authors: Chen Wen , Luo Shuiping , Sun Mingzi , Tang Min , Fan Xiaokun , Cheng Yu , Wu Xiaoyu , Liao Yujia , Huang Bolong , Quan Zewei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEngineering multicomponent nanocatalysts is effective to improve electrocatalysis in many applications, yet it remains a challenge in constructing well‐defined multimetallic active sites at the atomic level. Herein, the surface inlay of sub‐monolayer Pb oxyhydroxide onto hexagonal PtBi intermetallic nanoplates with intrinsically isolated Pt atoms to boost the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is reported. The well‐defined PtBi@6.7%Pb nanocatalyst exhibits 4.0 and 7.4 times higher mass activity than PtBi nanoplates and commercial Pt/C catalyst toward MOR in the alkaline electrolyte at 30 °C. Meanwhile, it also achieves a record‐high mass activity of 51.07 A mg–1Pt at direct methanol fuel cells operation temperature of 60 °C. DFT calculations reveal that the introduction of Pb oxyhydroxide on the surface not only promotes the electron transfer efficiency but also suppresses the CO poisoning effect, and the efficient p‐d coupling optimizes the electroactivity of PtBi@6.7%Pb nanoplates toward the MOR process with low reaction barriers. This work offers a nanoengineering strategy to effectively construct and modulate multimetallic nanocatalysts to improve the electroactivity toward the MOR in future research.
Near‐Infrared Responsive Droplet for Digital PCR
Authors: Zhang Lexiang , Rokshana Parvin , Yu Yunru , Zhao Yuanjin , Ye Fangfu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDigital PCR (dPCR) surpasses the performance of earlier PCR formats because of highly precise, absolute quantification and other unique merits. A simple thermocycling approach and durable microcarrier are of great value for dPCR advancement and application. Herein, a near‐infrared (NIR) controlled thermocycling approach by embedding magnetic graphene oxide (GO) composite into the agarose microcarriers is developed. The core‐shell composite is constructed by sequentially encapsulating GO and silica outside the magnetic nanocores. Benefiting from these additives, the resultant composite agarose gains appealing features as light‐driven temperature changing, switchable gel–sol phase transforming, biocompatibility, and magnetic traction. By further emulsifying into droplets via the microfluidics method, the influence of typical parameters including material loading amount, laser intensity, and droplet diameter at various ranges is investigated for assembling microcarriers with different responsiveness. Then a paradigm of the NIR program can be easily tailored for PCR thermocycling. Finally, the feasibility of the approach is verified by detecting statistically diluted Klebsiella pneumoniae DNA samples, from 0.1 to 2 copies per drop. It is anticipated that this method has promising prospects for dPCR‐based and other temperature‐controlled applications.
Metasurface‐Based Abrupt Autofocusing Beam for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Luo Yuan , Tseng Ming Lun , Vyas Sunil , Kuo Hsin Yu , Chu Cheng Hung , Chen Mu Ku , Lee Hsiang‐Chieh , Chen Wen‐Pin , Su Vin‐Cent , Shi Xu , Misawa Hiroaki , Tsai Din Ping , Yang Pan‐Chyr 
Published: February 2022

AbstractManipulation and precise delivery of optical energies in the regions of interest within specimens require different strategies. Hence, proper control of input beam parameters is a prerequisite. One of the prominent methods is metasurface optics, capable of crafting properties of light at nanoscales. Here, the generation of an abrupt autofocusing (AAF) beam by a nanophotonic metasurface for biomedical applications is demonstrated. Fluorescence guided laser microprofiling of mouse cardiac samples is experimentally investigated, using the AAF beam to deliver optical energy selectively to specific locations. In addition, photocoagulation of ex vivo swine skin tissue is performed and observed through optical coherence tomography. The results show great potentials for integrating metasurface optics to realize miniature laser surgery instruments for wide applications in biomedicine.
RESCUE: Enabling green healthcare services using integrated IoT‐edge‐fog‐cloud computing environments
Authors: Das Jaydeep , Ghosh Shreya , Mukherjee Anwesha , Ghosh Soumya K. , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) has a pivotal role in developing intelligent and computational solutions to facilitate varied real‐life applications. To execute high‐end computations and data analytics, IoT and cloud‐based solutions play the most significant role. However, frequent communication with long distant cloud servers is not a delay‐aware and energy‐efficient solution while providing time‐critical applications such as healthcare. This article explores the possibilities and opportunities of integrating cloud technology with fog and edge‐based computing to provide healthcare services to users in exigency. Here, we propose an end‐to‐end framework namedRESCUE(enabling green healthcare services using integrated iot‐edge‐fog‐cloud computing environments), consisting efficient spatio‐temporal data analytics module for efficient information sharing, spatio‐temporal data analysis to predict the path for users to reach the destination (healthcare center or relief camps) with minimum delay in the time of exigency (say, natural disaster). This module analyzes the collected information through crowd‐sourcing and assists the user by extracting optimal path postdisaster when many regions are nonreachable. Our work is different from the existing literature in varied aspects: it analyses the context and semantics by augmenting real‐time volunteered geographical information (VGI) and refines it. Furthermore, the novel path prediction module incorporates such VGI instances and predicts routes in emergencies avoiding all possible risks. Also, the design of development of a latency‐aware, power‐aware data‐driven analytics system helps to resolve any spatio‐temporal query more efficiently compared to the existing works for any time‐critical application. The experimental and simulation results outperform the baselines in terms of accuracy, delay, and power consumption.
Current trends in bio‐based elastomer materials
Authors: Tang Shuai , Li Jiao , Wang Runguo , Zhang Jichuan , Lu Yonglai , Hu Guo‐Hua , Wang Zhao , Zhang Liqun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractElastomers play an irreplaceable role in our society due to their unique properties. Natural rubber is directly obtained from plants and is widely used in tires, shoes, etc. Recently, modified natural rubbers are proposed to expand the application of natural rubber. However, these natural rubbers have a limited variety of molecular structures and may not be able to meet ever‐demanding applications. Traditional synthetic elastomers have a variety of molecular structures and their properties are used in various fields, but mainly originate from fossil resources. This review deals with bio‐based elastomers, and more specifically natural rubber and bio‐based synthetic elastomers. Based on reprocessability, bio‐based elastomers can also be divided into bio‐based chemically cross‐linked ones and thermoplastic ones. Compared to traditional fossil‐based elastomers, bio‐based ones may alleviate environmental pollution and promote the sustainable development of the elastomer industry.