bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NT‐ProBNP and high‐sensitivity troponin T as screening tests for subclinical chronic heart failure in a general population
Authors: Averina Maria , Stylidis Michael , Brox Jan , Schirmer Henrik 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to establish age‐specific and sex‐specific cut‐off values for N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and high‐sensitivity troponin T (hs‐troponin T) in healthy subjects and assess cardiac biomarkers as screening tools for subclinical heart failure (HF) in a general population.Methods and resultsAltogether, 1936 participants were randomly selected from the general population Tromsø 7 study in Northern Norway. Diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive value) of cardiac markers for echocardiographically defined subclinical HF was evaluated. The receiver‐operating characteristic analysis showed that areas under the curve were relatively low (under 0.75) for both NT‐proBNP and hs‐troponin T, suggesting that the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers for subclinical HF was not excellent, especially for mild forms of HF and younger age group 40–49 years. Sex‐specific and age‐specific cut‐offs for hs‐troponin T (99th percentiles) and NT‐proBNP (97.5th percentiles) were established in healthy subjects from the same general population. The sex‐specific and age‐specific cut‐offs for NT‐proBNP had higher specificity for subclinical HF compared with the previously established single cut‐off 125 pg/mL. Age‐specific cut‐off for hs‐troponin T (18 ng/L) for men ≥60 years had also higher specificity than the single cut‐off 14 ng/L. These cut‐offs had high specificity, but low sensitivity, that makes hs‐troponin T and NT‐proBNP good biomarkers to rule in HF in case of a positive test, but not good enough to rule out all unrecognized HF due to false negative results.ConclusionsN‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide and hs‐troponin T are suboptimal screening tools for subclinical HF in a general population due to low sensitivity.
Cassava (Manihot esculenta) dual use for food and bioenergy: A review
Authors: Fathima Anwar Aliya , Sanitha Mary , Tripathi Leena , Muiruri Samwel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCassava (Manihot esculenta. Crantz) is a starch‐rich, woody tuberous, root crop important for food, with little being done to investigate its potential as a bioenergy crop despite its enormous potential. The major bottleneck in the crop being able to serve this dual role is the competition of its storage roots for both purposes. The major cassava production regions primarily use the tuberous roots for food, and this has resulted in its neglect as a bioenergy crop. The use of non‐food cassava parts as a feedstock in cellulosic biofuel production is a promising strategy that can overcome this challenge. However, in non‐tuber parts, most of the sugars are highly sequestered in lignin complexes making them inaccessible to bacterial bioconversion. Additionally, cassava production in these major growing areas is not optimal owing to several production constraints. The challenges affecting cassava production as a food and bioenergy crop are interconnected and therefore need to be addressed together. Cassava improvement against biotic and abiotic stresses can enhance productivity and cater for the high demand of the roots for food and bioenergy production. Furthermore, increased production will enhance the usability of non‐food parts for bioenergy as the bigger goal. This review addresses efforts in cassava improvement against stresses that reduce its productivity as well as strategies that enhance biomass production, both important for food and bioenergy. Additionally, prospective strategies that could ease bioconversion of cassava for enhanced bioenergy production are explored.
Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of a chromosome segment substitution line reveals a new regulatory network controlling the seed storage profile of soybean
Authors: Han Xue , Li Jiapeng , Zhao Yabin , Zhang Zhanguo , Jiang Hongwei , Wang Jinxing , Feng Xuezhen , Zhang Yu , Du Ziyue , Wu Xiaoxia , Chen Qingshan , Qi Zhaoming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSoybean is a major crop that provides oil and protein worldwide. Soybean products have been consumed for centuries in many different kinds of food. The regulatory network that controls the accumulation of fatty acids (FAs) and storage proteins (SSPs) in seeds is poorly understood. To gain new insights into the molecular mechanisms that contribute to high‐quality seeds, seed FA and SSP contents were analyzed for the effects of chromosome segment substitution in a wild soybean line (CSSL). High‐throughput transcriptomics and tandem mass tag (TMT)‐based quantitative proteomics were performed on the dry seeds of the CSSL and parent lines. In total, 665 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 83 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified. Of these 27 DEGs and 23 DAPs were found to regulate the seed storage profile. These genes encode proteins involved in photosynthesis, protein processing, protein sorting, and storage protein accumulation. Data are presented showing that FA synthesis was decreased by the regulation of SSP‐accumulation‐related genes and proteins. Taken together, the results provide new insights into the regulation network involved in the accumulation of seed storage compounds involving both source and sink processes that may be used as markers in future soybean breeding programs.
Investigation of dual modification on physicochemical, morphological, thermal, pasting, and retrogradation characteristics of sago starch
Authors: Ghalambor Pantea , Asadi Gholamhassan , Mohammadi Nafchi Abdorreza , Seyedin Ardebili Seyed Mahdi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of dually modified sago starch by acid hydrolysis (AH)‐hydroxypropylation (HP). For this purpose, sago starch was modified with the combination by AH (5–20 h hydrolysis times) followed by HP (5%–25% ratio of propylene oxide) processes. The results showed that the dual modification of the sago starch structure didn't have a significant effect on the size of starch granules, and the granule size was in the range of 0.005–0.151 µm; however, the pasting properties and the glass transition temperature decreased significantly (p < .05). Increasing the level of propylene oxide from 5% to 25% caused a significant increase in the substitution degree (DS) and swelling ability of starches and reduced the syneresis, while with increasing acid hydrolysis time from 5 h to 20 h, starch swelling decreased and syneresis increased (p < .05). AH process at high hydrolysis times (20 h) increased the gelatinization temperatures and decreased retrogradation temperatures. Increasing the level of propylene oxide in both single and dual modification reduced the temperatures and enthalpy of gelatinization and retrogradation of sago starch. In summary, dually modified sago starch has a great potential to use in specific food products such as frozen dough or frozen bakery products.
Proteomics as a promising biomarker in food authentication, quality and safety: A review
Authors: Afzaal Muhammad , Saeed Farhan , Hussain Muzzamal , Shahid Farheen , Siddeeg Azhari , Al‐Farga Ammar 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTAdulteration and mislabeling have become a very common global malpractice in food industry. Especially foods of animal origin are prepared from plant sources and intentionally mislabeled. This type of mislabeling is an important concern in food safety as the replaced ingredients may cause a food allergy or toxicity to vulnerable consumers. Moreover, foodborne pathogens also pose a major threat to food safety. There is a dire need to develop strong analytical tools to deal with related issues. In this context, proteomics stands out as a promising tool used to report the aforementioned issues. The development in the field of omics has inimitable advantages in enabling the understanding of various biological fields especially in the discipline of food science. In this review, current applications and the role of proteomics in food authenticity, safety, and quality and food traceability are highlighted comprehensively. Additionally, the other components of proteomics have also been comprehensively described. Furthermore, this review will be helpful in the provision of new intuition into the use of proteomics in food analysis. Moreover, the pathogens in food can also be identified based on differences in their protein profiling. Conclusively, proteomics, an indicator of food properties, its origin, the processes applied to food, and its composition are also the limelight of this article.
In vitro screening of EPS‐producing Streptococcus thermophilus strains for their probiotic potential from Dahi
Authors: Taj Robina , Masud Tariq , Sohail Asma , Sammi Shehla , Naz Rooma , Sharma Khanal Bal Kumari , Nawaz Malik Adil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDahi is a very common and traditional fermented dairy product in Pakistan and its neighboring countries, it represents a rich source for the isolation of many new strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The major objective of this study was to evaluate the probiotic potential of novel exopolysaccharide (EPS)‐producing strains of S. thermophilus isolated from Dahi, sold in the local markets of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. In this study, 32 isolates of S. thermophilus were initially isolated from Dahi and out of these, 10 identified strains were further screened for their EPS‐producing ability. Maximum EPS production was estimated for RIY strain (133.0 ± 0.06), followed by RIH4 strain (103.83 ± 0.76) and RIRT2 strain (95.77 ± 0.22), respectively. Thereafter, in vitro studies revealed that these newly identified EPS‐producing strains of S. thermophilus fulfilled the basic requirements for probiotic functions; including resistance to harsh conditions of GIT, good cell surface hydrophobicity, auto‐aggregation, and co‐aggregation, especially against L. monocytogenes. Finally, the safety assessment displayed that these strains were also sensitive to clinical antibiotics, including vancomycin. Thus, these selected EPS strains of S. thermophilus act as potential candidates for biostabilizers in the preparation of consumer‐friendly fermented probiotic milk products.
Implementation of coverage with evidence development schemes for medical devices: A decision tool for late technology adopter countries
Authors: Kovács Sandor , Kaló Zoltán , Daubner‐Bendes Rita , Kolasa Katarzyna , Hren Rok , Tesar Tomas , Reckers‐Droog Vivian , Brouwer Werner , Federici Carlo , Drummond Mike , Zemplényi Antal Tamás 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExperiences with coverage with evidence development (CED) schemes are fairly limited in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, which are usually late adopters of new health technologies. Our aim was to put forward recommendations on how CEE health technology assessment bodies and payer organizations can apply CED to reduce decision uncertainty on reimbursement of medical devices, with a particular focus on transferring the structure and data from CED schemes in early technology adopter countries in Western Europe. Structured interviews on the practices and feasibility of transferring CED schemes were conducted and subsequently, a draft tool for the systematic classification of decision alternatives and recommendations was developed. The decision tool was reviewed in a focus group discussion and validated within a wider group of CEE experts in a virtual workshop. Transferability assessment is needed in case of (1) joint implementation of a CED scheme; (2) transferring the structure of an existing CED scheme to a CEE country; (3) reimbursement decisions that are linked to outcomes of an ongoing CED scheme in another country and (4) real‐world evidence transferred from completed CED schemes. Efficient use of available resources may be improved by adequately transferring evidence and policy tools from early technology adopter countries.
Thyroid tumor ratio: Improving the assessment of the impact of size in pediatric thyroid cancer
Authors: Paik Connie , Osterbauer Beth , Sahyouni Grace , Park Soyun , Gomez Gabriel , Kwon Daniel , Austin Juliana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of thyroid nodule size is less useful in children who have smaller thyroid volumes than in adults. We investigate using a novel thyroid tumor ratio measurement in children with thyroid cancer.MethodsPatient and pathologic characteristics were investigated via Student's t‐test in a univariate analysis for any correlation with the log‐transformed tumor ratio, followed by a multivariate linear regression.ResultsOf 75 patients with malignancy and tumor ratio information, mean ratio decreased with increasing age (p = 0.04). Out of several clinical factors, patients with lymph node metastases and those treated with postoperative radioactive iodine had significantly higher mean tumor ratios on multivariate analysis (p = 0.04 for both factors).ConclusionsOur study is the first to describe thyroid tumor volume in pediatric thyroid cancer and shows that increased tumor ratio was associated with indicators of more advanced disease such as lymph node metastases and use of radioactive iodine.
Ovarian cancer today and tomorrow: A global assessment by world region and Human Development Index using GLOBOCAN 2020
Authors: Cabasag Citadel J. , Fagan Paula J. , Ferlay Jacques , Vignat Jerome , Laversanne Mathieu , Liu Lihua , van der Aa Maaike A. , Bray Freddie , Soerjomataram Isabelle 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOvarian cancer remains to have relatively poor prognosis particularly in low‐resourced settings. It is therefore important to continually examine the burden of ovarian cancer to identify areas of disparities. Our study aims to provide an overview of the global burden of ovarian cancer using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates by country, world region, and Human Development Index (HDI) levels, as well as the predicted future burden by the year 2040 by HDI. Age‐standardized incidence and mortality rates for ovarian cancer in 185 countries were calculated by country, world region, and for the four‐tier HDI. The number of new cases and deaths were projected for the year 2040 based on demographic projections by HDI category. Approximately 314 000 new ovarian cancer cases and 207 000 deaths occurred in 2020. There were marked geographic variations in incidence rates, with the highest rates observed in European countries with very high HDI and low rates were found in African countries within the lowest HDI group. Comparable mortality rates were observed across the four‐tier HDI. Relative to 2020 estimates, our projection for 2040 indicates approximately 96% and 100% increase in new ovarian cancer cases and deaths, respectively, among low HDI countries compared to 19% and 28% in very high HDI countries. Our study highlights the disproportionate current and future burden of ovarian cancer in countries with lower HDI levels, calling for global action to reduce the burden and inequality of ovarian cancer in access to quality cancer care and treatment.
Maternal and neonatal death surveillance and response is implemented in Burundi but needs improvement
Authors: Kouanda Seni , Ouedraogo Olivia M.A. , Busogoro Jean François , Conombo Kafando Ghislaine S. , Nkurunziza Triphonie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze implementation of the maternal and neonatal death surveillance and response (MNDSR) strategy in Burundi.MethodsSecondary data analysis using a qualitative approach and document review. The qualitative approach consisted of semistructured interviews with decision‐makers at central, regional, and district levels, health providers, and technical and financial partners using four interview guides and a data extraction tool. Document review utilized maternal death review reports and policy documents. Interviews and hospital visits took place from July 16–26, 2017, in Bujumbura and Gitega, Burundi.ResultsNotification of maternal deaths is incorporated into the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system. Maternal death review committees existed in the five visited hospitals (Prince Regent Charles Hospital and Kamenge University Hospital in Bujumbura, Gitega Regional Hospital, Kibimba District Hospital, and Kibuye District Hospital) but not at subnational level (provincial or district levels). Since the beginning of 2017, maternal death review has been effective and regular in some district and regional hospitals due to integration of quality‐of‐care criteria for the performance‐based financing strategy; review has been less effective at national hospital level. Implementation of review recommendations is heterogeneous and varies from one health facility to another. No formal follow‐up mechanism on review recommendations was identified. Notification and review of neonatal deaths does not occur, nor does notification of maternal or neonatal deaths at community level.ConclusionDespite integration of notification of maternal deaths into IDSR, efforts must be undertaken to scale up MNDSR to include neonatal deaths and maternal and neonatal deaths at community level.
A textual analysis of the US Securities and Exchange Commission's accounting and auditing enforcement releases relating to the Sarbanes–Oxley Act
Authors: Davalos Sergio , Feroz Ehsan H. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryWe focus on textual analysis of the US Securities and Exchange Commission's accounting and auditing enforcement releases (AAERs). Our research question is: Did the Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX) 2002 affect the qualitative linguistic content of the AAERs in the post‐SOX period? To answer this question, we test the null hypotheses that there will be no differences in the qualitative verbiage and sentiment of AAERs in the time periods that we study related to the enactment of SOX: pre‐SOX and post‐SOX. To resolve the research question, we applied several text mining methods and classification machine‐learning methods. We first used two basic text‐mining methods, generating a bag of words and topic modeling, for descriptive analysis of the AAER content before the enactment of SOX and after the enforcement of SOX. We then conducted sentiment analysis using four sentiment dictionaries on the content of the two time periods: before SOX and after SOX. Finally, we developed three different classification models based on well‐known supervised learning algorithms and determined that SOX‐related AAERs could be distinguished from non‐SOX‐related AAERs. Based on the results, we conclude that there were significant linguistic differences in the AAER content of the post‐SOX period compared with the pre‐SOX period. In other words, post‐SOX‐related AAERs are qualitatively different in terms of linguistic contents and sentiment values compared with the non‐SOX‐related AAERs.
Think Like a Linguist: Leveraging Multilingual Students’ Expertise about Language
Authors: Crosson Amy C. , Tapu Christine , McKeown Margaret G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article, we focus on a series of lessons, called Think Like a Linguist, that we designed and implemented with multilingual adolescents. These lessons were developed as an introduction to a semester‐long study on academic vocabulary and word analysis using Latin roots. Our intention in Think Like a Linguist lessons was to present concepts about language patterns and relationships by leveraging students’ diverse language backgrounds. Transcripts of lessons from one middle school class and two high school classes were inductively coded and thematically analyzed. Three main findings about students’ participation and learning are presented. First, students engaged in hypothesis‐checking and flexible thinking about language. Second, students collectively leveraged all the languages they knew for analysis. Third, lessons created the conditions for students to reflect on relations between language and power. In addition to these findings, we present major concepts introduced, examples of instructional tasks, and resources for instruction.
Transitions of care: An untapped opportunity for antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Patel Nisha , Davis Susan L. , MacDonald Nancy C. , Medler Corey J. , Kenney Rachel M. , Zervos Marcus J. , Mercuro Nicholas J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOver half of antimicrobials ordered at hospital discharge are not optimized, many of which having longer than necessary durations or inappropriate for the indication. Unnecessary antimicrobial exposures increase the risks of adverse events, antibiotic resistance, and Clostridioides difficile infections. However, discharge prescribing often escapes the purview of inpatient antimicrobial stewardship programs and few interventions have been implemented to optimize antibiotic use during transitions of care (TOC). Herein, the aim was to highlight critical steps and challenges in the implementation of a TOC antimicrobial stewardship program designed to improve prescribing at hospital discharge. In a five‐hospital health system, a pharmacist‐led intervention was implemented during TOC, with the objective of improving oral antibiotic selection and duration. Among a multidisciplinary team of physicians, case managers, and nurses, the pharmacists engaged in three strategies: (a) early identification of patients to be discharged on oral antibiotics; (b) collaborative planning and communication regarding guideline‐recommended antibiotic selection and duration; and (c) facilitation of discharge antibiotic prescription with appropriate stop date. Barriers to completing the intervention on each patient in this experience included: timely identification of eligible patients prior to discharge, stewardship periods of reduced staffing during evenings and weekends, and onboarding of new staff and trainees to the process. Other major challenges that stewardship and pharmacy departments will face include adoption of best‐practice guidelines for discharge, obtaining support from local physician champions, extending the intervention to various service lines and departments with limited resources, and engaging stakeholders to support the program and intervention. This experience demonstrated that pharmacist‐led antimicrobial stewardship at discharge can be successful in both academic and community settings.
Asymmetric resorbable‐based dental barrier membrane for periodontal guided tissue regeneration and guided bone regeneration: A review
Authors: Bee Soo‐Ling , Hamid Zuratul Ain Abdul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGuided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) are two common dental regenerative treatments targeted at reconstructing damaged periodontal tissue and bone caused by periodontitis. During GTR/GBR treatment, a barrier membrane is placed in the interface between the soft tissue and the periodontal defect to inhibit soft tissue ingrowth and creating a space for the infiltration of slow‐growing bone cells into the defect site. Recently, asymmetric resorbable‐based barrier membrane has received a considerable attention as a new generation of GTR/GBR membrane. Despite numerous literatures about asymmetric‐based membrane that had been published, there is lacks comprehensive review on asymmetric barrier membrane that particularly highlight the importance of membrane structure for periodontal regeneration. In this review, we systematically cover the latest development and advancement of various kinds of asymmetric barrier membranes used in periodontal GTR/GBR application. Herein, the ideal requirements for constructing a barrier membrane as well as the rationale behind the asymmetric design, are firstly presented. Various innovative methods used in fabricating asymmetric barrier membrane are being further discussed. Subsequently, the application and evaluation of various types of asymmetric barrier membrane used for GTR/GBR are compiled and extensively reviewed based on the recent literatures reported. Based on the existing gap in this field, the future research directions of asymmetric resorbable‐based barrier membrane such as its combination potential with bone grafts, are also presented.