bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new approach for determining optimal placement of PM2.5air quality sensors: case study for the contiguous United States
Authors: Kelp Makoto M , Lin Samuel , Kutz J Nathan , Mickley Loretta J 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConsiderable financial resources are allocated for measuring ambient air pollution in the United States, yet the locations for these monitoring sites may not be optimized to capture the full extent of current pollution variability. Prior research on best sensor placement for monitoring fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is scarce: most studies do not span areas larger than a medium-sized city or examine timescales longer than 1 week. Here we present a pilot study using multiresolution dynamic mode decomposition (mrDMD) to identify the optimal placement of PM2.5sensors from 2000 to 2016 over the contiguous United States. This novel approach incorporates the variation of PM2.5on timescales ranging from 1 d to over a decade to capture air pollution variability. We find that the mrDMD algorithm identifies more high-priority sensor locations in the western United States than those expected along the eastern coast, where a large number of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) PM2.5monitors currently reside. Specifically, 53% of mrDMD optimized sensor locations are west of the 100th meridian, compared to only 32% in the current EPA network. The mrDMD sensor locations can capture PM2.5from wildfires and high pollution events, with particularly high skill in the west. These results suggest significant gaps in the current EPA monitoring network in the San Joaquin Valley in California, northern California, and in the Pacific Northwest (Idaho, and Eastern Washington and Oregon). Our framework diagnoses where to place air quality sensors so that they can best monitor smoke from wildfires. Our framework may also be applied to urban areas for equitable placement of PM2.5monitors.
Terahertz dynamic π-phase modulation with high transmittance using graphene-metal metamaterials
Authors: Huang Wenli , Luo Xiaoqing , Hu Fangrong , Li Guangyuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Dynamic phase modulation of electromagnetic waves is desirable in many applications such as beaming, tunable focusing, and holography. However, it remains challenging to achieve both large dynamic phase shift and high transmittance based on terahertz metamaterials. Here we propose a double-layered graphene-metal metamaterial for achieving transmissive terahertz phase modulator with large dynamic phase modulation range and meanwhile high transmittance. Numerical results show that a large dynamic transmission phase shift reaching up to 180∘ and relatively high transmittance above 22% can be achieved simultaneously by varying the graphene Fermi level from 0 to 1 eV. We attribute this striking performance to the transition of the resonance type when the graphene Fermi level is tuned across a threshold. We expect that the proposed dynamic phase modulator will find applications in the tunable lens, holographic imaging and phased array antenna in terahertz regime.
Computing-in-memory with thin-filmtransistors: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Tang Wenjun , Liu Jialong , Li Hongtian , Chen Deyun , Jiang Chen , Li Xueqing , Yang Huazhong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Thin-film transistors (TFTs) have attracted significant interest recently fortheir great potential in a wide range of edge computing applications, due to their advantages such as large-area low-cost flexible fabrications, and well integration with sensors and displays. With the support of in situ processing of sensor data, TFT-based edge systems show their advantages in large-scale dense sensing with real-time energy-efficient processing and interaction, and more excitingly, they provide the opportunity to eliminate the massive data transfer to the cloud servers. However, the design of high-performance processing modules based on TFT is difficult, due to large device variation, poor stability, and low mobility. Computing-in-memory (CiM), which has been proposed recently as a high-efficiency high-parallelism computing approach, is expected to improve the capacity of TFT-based edge computing systems. In thispaper, various recent works on TFT-based CiM have been summarized, showing the superiority to conventional processing flow by efficient in-memory analog computation with mitigation of data transfer, and reduced analog-to-digital converter usage for sensor data. With both opportunities and challenges, the design space and trend of TFT-based CiM to be explored are then described. Finally, further development and co-optimization from device to system are discussed for the flourishing of the next-generation intelligent TFT-based edge system.
Optimization and modelling of the fracture inhibition potential of heat treated doum palm nut fibres in phenolic resin matrix polymer composite: a Taguchi approach
Authors: Alabi Abdulmumin Akoredeley , Samuel Bassey Okon , Peter Maiwada Elisha , Tahir Suraya Mohd 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The chemical treatment of natural fibres for its surface modification for the development of polymer composites is popular but it comes with an adverse effect of a chemical change of the fibres. In this study, the surface modification of natural fibres (doum palm nut (DPN) fibres) with low-temperature heat treatment (30 °C–75 °C) has been reported as an alternative method to the treatment of natural fibres for the development of polymer composites. Taguchi method of the design of experiment was employed to determine the effect of temperature and fibre content on the mechanical properties (hardness and fracture toughness) of DPN fibre-reinforced phenolic resin polymer composite. The process showed that the best combination of fibre content and fibre treatment temperature for optimum hardness and fracture toughness and results proved to be at 5% and 75 °C respectively. Statistical analysis established the significance of heat treatment in improving the fracture toughness of DPN fibre reinforced phenolic resin composites. Physical observation with scanning electron microscope and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the improvement in interfacial bonding between the fibre and the matrix with the increase in fibre treatment temperature without a change in the chemical properties of the treated fibres. The study concludes that the treatment of fibres with temperature is an alternative and effective method to the chemical treatment.
Eucalyptol targets PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to inhibit skin cancer metastasis
Authors: Rahaman Ashikur , Chaudhuri Ankur , Sarkar Arnab , Chakraborty Sibani , Bhattacharjee Shamee , Mandal Deba Prasad 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEucalyptol (EU) is a monoterpenoid found as an active compound of many plants such as bay leaves, cardamom and is also found as a major constituent in eucalyptus oil. Although the anticancer activity of eucalyptol (EU) has been reported in a few cancer cell lines, its effect on tumor metastasis has not been studied so far. Here, we have shown that the EU has anti-metastatic activity against skin cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. EU decreases migration and invasion of skin cancer cells. Further, it reduces the expression of mesenchymal markers vimentin, snail, slug, twist, and induces the expression of epithelial marker, E-cadherin which indicates that it reverses the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Gelatin zymography shows that the EU reduces the activity of MMP2 and MMP9. Furthermore signaling study by molecular docking and western blotting shows that EU modulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The reduction in the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR was enhanced by the use of the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002. In vivo, the anti-metastatic potential of EU was confirmed in C57BL/6 mouse. In conclusion, the EU inhibits migration and invasion of skin cancer by modulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway both in in vitro and in vivo and might provide a new therapeutic approach in skin cancer.
The human vestibular cortex: functional anatomy of OP2, its connectivity and the effect of vestibular disease
Authors: Ibitoye Richard T , Mallas Emma-Jane , Bourke Niall J , Kaski Diego , Bronstein Adolfo M , Sharp David J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Area OP2 in the posterior peri-sylvian cortex has been proposed to be the core human vestibular cortex. We investigated the functional anatomy of OP2 and adjacent areas (OP2+) using spatially constrained independent component analysis (ICA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from the Human Connectome Project. Ten ICA-derived subregions were identified. OP2+ responses to vestibular and visual motion were analyzed in 17 controls and 17 right-sided vestibular neuritis patients who had previously undergone caloric and optokinetic stimulation during fMRI. In controls, a posterior part of right OP2+ showed: (i) direction-selective responses to visual motion and (ii) activation during caloric stimulation that correlated positively with perceived self-motion, and negatively with visual dependence and peak slow-phase nystagmus velocity. Patients showed abnormal OP2+ activity, with an absence of visual or caloric activation of the healthy ear and no correlations with vertigo or visual dependence—despite normal slow-phase nystagmus responses to caloric stimulation. Activity in a lateral part of right OP2+ correlated with chronic visually induced dizziness in patients. In summary, distinct functional subregions of right OP2+ show strong connectivity to other vestibular areas and a profile of caloric and visual responses, suggesting a central role for vestibular function in health and disease.
Diagnosis and Management of Genital Herpes: Key Questions and Review of the Evidence for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines
Authors: Johnston Christine 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Genital herpes, caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 or type 2, is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI). Given that HSV is an incurable infection, there are important concerns about appropriate use of diagnostic tools, management of infection, prevention of transmission to sexual partners, and appropriate counseling. In preparation for updating the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) STI treatment guidelines, key questions for management of genital herpes infection were developed with a panel of experts. To answer these questions, a systematic literature review was performed, with tables of evidence including articles that would change guidance assembled. These data were used to inform recommendations in the 2021 CDC STI treatment guidelines.
Middle-term outcomes in renal transplant recipients with COVID-19: a national, multicenter, controlled study
Authors: Oto Ozgur Akin , Ozturk Savas , Arici Mustafa , Velioğlu Arzu , Dursun Belda , Guller Nurana , Şahin İdris , Eser Zeynep Ebru , Paydaş Saime , Trabulus Sinan , Koyuncu Sümeyra , Uyar Murathan , Ural Zeynep , Sadioğlu Rezzan Eren , Dheir Hamad , Koç Neriman Sıla , Özer Hakan , Durak Beyza Algül , Gül Cuma Bülent , Kasapoğlu Umut , Oğuz Ebru Gök , Tanrısev Mehmet , Kuzgun Gülşah Şaşak , Mirioglu Safak , Dervişoğlu Erkan , Erken Ertuğrul , Görgülü Numan , Özkurt Sultan , Aydın Zeki , Kurultak İlhan , Öğütmen Melike Betül , Bakırdöğen Serkan , Kaya Burcu , Karadağ Serhat , Ulu Memnune Sena , Güngör Özkan , Bakır Elif Arı , Odabaş Ali Rıza , Seyahi Nurhan , Yıldız Alaattin , Ateş Kenan 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn this study, we evaluated 3-month clinical outcomes of kidney transplant recipients (KTR) recovering from COVID-19 and compared them with a control group.MethodThe primary endpoint was death in the third month. Secondary endpoints were ongoing respiratory symptoms, need for home oxygen therapy, rehospitalization for any reason, lower respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, biopsy-proven acute rejection, venous/arterial thromboembolic event, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection/disease and BK viruria/viremia at 3 months.ResultsA total of 944 KTR from 29 different centers were included in this study (523 patients in the COVID-19 group; 421 patients in the control group). The mean age was 46 ± 12 years (interquartile range 37–55) and 532 (56.4%) of them were male. Total number of deaths was 8 [7 (1.3%) in COVID-19 group, 1 (0.2%) in control group; P = 0.082]. The proportion of patients with ongoing respiratory symptoms [43 (8.2%) versus 4 (1.0%); P &lt; 0.001] was statistically significantly higher in the COVID-19 group compared with the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of other secondary endpoints.ConclusionThe prevalence of ongoing respiratory symptoms increased in the first 3 months post-COVID in KTRs who have recovered from COVID-19, but mortality was not significantly different.
DSDBASE 2.0: updated version of DiSulphide dataBASE, a database on disulphide bonds in proteins
Authors: Kalmankar Neha V , Pavalam Murugavel , Indrakumar Sowmya , Srinivasan Narayanaswamy , Sowdhamini Ramanathan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Disulphide bonds are stabilizing crosslinks in proteins and serve to enhance their thermal stability. In proteins that are small and rich in disulphide bonds, they could be the major determining factor for the choice of conformational state since their constraints on appropriate backbone conformation can be substantial. Such crosslinks and their positional conservation could itself enable protein family and functional association. Despite the importance of the field, there is no comprehensive database on disulphide crosslinks that is available to the public. Herein we provide information on disulphides in DSDBASE2.0, an updated and significantly expanded database that is freely available, fully annotated and manually curated database on native and modelled disulphides. The web interface also provides several useful computational tools that have been specifically developed for proteins containing disulphide crosslinks. The modelling of disulphide crosslinks is performed using stereochemical criteria, coded within our Modelling of Disulphides in Proteins (MODIP) algorithm. The inclusion of modelled disulphides potentially enhances the loop database substantially, thereby permitting the recognition of compatible polypeptide segments that could serve as templates for immediate modelling. The DSDBASE2.0 database has been updated to include 153,944 PDB entries, 216,096 native and 20,153,850 modelled disulphide bond segments from PDB January 2021 release. The current database also provides a resource to user-friendly search for multiple disulphide bond containing loops, along with annotation of their function using GO and subcellular localization of the query. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain the three-dimensional models of disulphide-rich small proteins using an independent algorithm, RANMOD, that generates and examines random, but allowed backbone conformations of the polypeptide. DSDBASE2.0 still remains the largest open-access repository that organizes all disulphide bonds of proteins on a single platform. The database can be accessed from http://caps.ncbs.res.in/dsdbase2.
Native Flowering Border Crops Attract High Pollinator Abundance and Diversity, Providing Growers the Opportunity to Enhance Pollination Services
Authors: Butters Jessica , Murrell Ebony , Spiesman Brian J , Kim Tania N 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOver the past century, habitat loss from agricultural intensification has contributed to pollinator decline. One way to mitigate the harmful effects of agricultural intensification is through the re-introduction of native flowering plants as border strips that provide supplemental floral and nesting resources to pollinators. However, border crop species vary in bloom period and flower densities, and are thus likely to attract different suites of pollinator species. Resulting differences in pollinator community composition are likely to affect their ability to provide pollination services to adjacent crop habitat. To address these issues, we implemented a two-year study on the impact of different flowering border crops on pollinator abundance, richness, and community composition. We also examined which crop features (bloom duration, number of flowers, floral area) were most likely to affect pollinator densities. We found that native flowering plant border crops of diverse prairie mix and monocultures of silflower (Silphium integrifolium Michx.) and cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) attracted the highest abundance and species richness of bees and pollinator groups combined, while alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) attracted the highest lepidopteran abundance and species richness. We also found a significant, positive relationship between pollinator abundance and floral resource amount and bloom duration. These findings offer valuable insight into the impacts of different land management strategies on different pollinator groups, and thus provide landowners with management options for attracting specific pollinator groups and species.
Basic mechanisms in cardiogenic shock: part 2 – biomarkers and treatment options
Authors: Krychtiuk Konstantin A , Vrints Christiaan , Wojta Johann , Huber Kurt , Speidl Walter S 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCardiogenic shock mortality rates remain high despite significant advances in cardiovascular medicine and the widespread uptake of mechanical circulatory support systems. Except for early invasive angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention of the infarct-related artery, all other widely used therapeutic measures are based on low-quality evidence. The grim prognosis and lack of high-quality data warrant further action. Within Part 2 of this two-part educational review on basic mechanisms in cardiogenic shock, we aimed to highlight the current status of translating our understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiogenic shock into clinical practice. We summarize the current status of biomarker research in risk stratification and therapy guidance. In addition, we summarized the current status of translating the findings from bench-, bedside, and biomarker studies into treatment options. Several large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are underway, providing a huge opportunity to study contemporary cardiogenic shock patients. Finally, we call for translational, homogenous, biomarker-based, international RCTs testing novel treatment approaches to improve the outcome of our patients.
Implications of structural right ventricular involvement in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhu Yuming , Zhang Mo , Liu Jie , Wu Guixin , Wang Jizheng , Sun Xiaolu , Wang Dong , Jiang Wen , Xu Lianjun , Kang Lianming , Song Lei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
In the clinical practice, the right ventricular (RV) manifestations have received less attention in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This paper aimed to evaluate the risk prediction value and genetic characteristics of RV involvement in HCM patients.

Methods and results
A total of 893 patients with HCM were recruited. RV hypertrophy, RV obstruction, and RV late gadolinium enhancement were evaluated by echocardiography and/or cardiac magnetic resonance. Patients with any of the above structural abnormalities were identified as having RV involvement. All patients were followed with a median follow-up time of 3.0 years. The primary endpoint was cardiovascular death; the secondary endpoints were all-cause death and heart failure (HF)-related death. Survival analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations between RV involvement and the endpoints. Genetic testing was performed on 669 patients. RV involvement was recognized in 114 of 893 patients (12.8%). Survival analyses demonstrated that RV involvement was an independent risk factor for cardiovascular death (P = 0.002), all-cause death (P = 0.011), and HF-related death (P = 0.004). These outcome results were then confirmed by a sensitivity analysis. Genetic testing revealed a higher frequency of genotype-positive in patients with RV involvement (57.0% vs. 31.0%, P &lt; 0.001), and the P/LP variants of MYBPC3 were more frequently identified in patients with RV involvement (30.4% vs. 12.0%, P &lt; 0.001). Logistic analyses indicated the independent correlation between RV involvement and these genetic factors.

Conclusion
RV involvement was an independent risk factor for cardiovascular death, all-cause death and HF-related death in HCM patients. Genetic factors might contribute to RV involvement in HCM.
Towards the new construct of academic English in the digital age
Authors: Khabbazbashi Nahal , Chan Sathena , Clark Tony 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The increasing use of digital educational technologies in higher education (HE) means that the nature of communication may be shifting. Assessments of English for academic purposes (EAP) need to be reconceptualized accordingly to reflect the new and complex ways in which language is used in HE. With a view to inform EAP assessments, our study set out to identify key trends related to academic English using a scoping review of the literature. Findings revealed two major trends: (1) a shift towards multimodal communication which has in turn resulted in the emergence of new types of academic assignments, multimodal genres, and the need for students to acquire new skills to operate within this multimodal arena; and (2) the limitations of existing skills-based approaches to assessment and the need to move towards integrated skills assessment. We discuss the implications of these findings for EAP assessments.
Wage Differences between Atypical and Standard Workers in European Countries: Moving beyond Average Effects
Authors: Westhoff Leonie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article provides a detailed picture of wage differences between atypical and standard workers across the wage distribution. It compares two distinct types of atypical employment, part-time and temporary employment, and examines seven European countries. Using 2016 EU-SILC data, the article presents quantile regression estimates of wage gaps associated with atypical employment across the wage distribution. The results show that wage patterns associated with different types of atypical employment are diverse and complex. Temporary employment is associated with significant wage penalties that decrease but largely remain significant towards the upper end of the wage distribution. In contrast, wage differences between part-time and full-time workers are smaller and range from part-time penalties at lower deciles of the wage distribution to non-significant differences or premiums at the top. These results suggest that different mechanisms may drive wage differences associated with different types of atypical employment. In particular, the article highlights the role of occupation in affecting atypical workers’ labour market position and, consequently, wages relative to standard workers. Overall, the significant heterogeneity in atypical employment and its wage consequences calls into question the usefulness of the concept as a unifying category for research.