bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF TIMING OF COX-2-SELECTIVE NSAIDS USE ON FRACTURE HEALING IN AN ADULT RAT MODEL
Authors: Kigera James W. M. , Gichangi Peter B. , Abdelmalek Adel K. , Ogeng’o Julius A. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Fractures are common in the old and are associated with increased morbidity. The pain of fractures and surgery can be managed using NSAIDs, but this may result in impaired healing. The inflammatory stage of bone healing is responsible for laying the foundation for subsequent proliferative stages. This may be the stage when NSAIDs may have their greatest impact and it is unclear if avoiding NSAIDs in this stage would result in differences in healing or whether different molecules have varied responses. This study sought to determine the differences in the histomorphometry of fracture callus in older rats when diclofenac and celecoxib were avoided in the first week after a fracture. Methods: Fractures of the tibia were induced in 43 15-month-old (equivalent to 50 human years) rats which were then allocated to receive either diclofenac or celecoxib. Each group was further subdivided into early or late subgroups of 10 animals each receiving the study medication from the day after the fracture or eight days later, respectively. Histological and stereological examination of the callus on days 21 and 42 enabled comparison of histological grades, tissue proportions and cellular densities. Results: The histological grade and amount of bone increased and the amount of cartilage reduced in all groups. The group that received celecoxib early had the least proportion of bone. The osteocyte and chondrocyte cellular densities increased in all groups across both time points. Conclusion: Administration of celecoxib in the early fracture period in the old is associated with poorer histological grades, lower proportions of bone and increased cellularity which may result in delayed union of the fracture. Use of selective COX-2 inhibitors is discouraged for the management of pain in older patients with fractures especially in the first seven days.
Are Clinical Outcomes of Micro-TESE in Non-obstructive Azoospermic Men Affected by the Use of Fresh or Frozen Gametes?
Authors: Horta Fabrizzio , Fernando Dhanushi , Lantsberg Daniel , Holden Sandra , Katz Darren J. , Green Mark P. , McLachlan Robert , Zander-Fox Deirdre , Rombauts Luk 
Published: July 2022

Background: The combination of microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become a common management option, with sperm motility being positively associated with successful outcomes. However, few studies have investigated whether the use of fresh or thawed gamete combinations affect clinical outcomes. Objectives: To determine whether the clinical outcomes of ICSI cycles using mTESE recovered testicular sperm of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients are affected by using fresh or thawed gametes. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of NOA patients who underwent mTESE between 2017 and 2020 at Monash IVF assisted reproductive clinics in Melbourne, Australia. The impact of gamete fresh/frozen status and sperm motility was investigated on clinical outcomes such as fertilization, blastocyst formation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates (LBRs). Results:A total of 103 NOA patients underwent mTESE, with a 65.1% successful surgical-sperm-retrieval. In total 56 patients contributed to 68 ICSI cycles, with a 35.1% fertilization rate and 25% LBR per embryo transfer. Compared with fresh testicular sperm, thawed testicular sperm did not affect clinical outcomes, including LBRs [16.7% vs 12.0%; odds ratio (OR) 0.68 (0.18–2.70)]. However, the use of thawed oocytes had a negative effect on fertilization rates [fresh-oocytes, 37.8%; vitrified-oocytes, 34.5%; OR 0.86 (0.02–0.48)]. Cycles using only motile sperm had a greater fertilization rate than those using a combination of motile and non-motile sperm (49.6% vs 37.2%, p ¡ 0.05). Importantly, when exclusively non-motile sperm were available (n = 26 cycles) their injection resulted in a very low fertilization rate (2.7%) and no live births were recorded. Conclusion: Micro-TESE is an effective treatment for NOA patients, with no clear advantage of using fresh over thawed sperm, however, the use of vitrified compared with fresh oocytes requires further investigation. Importantly, patients should be informed of the poor outcomes with the use of non-motile sperm in mTESE ICSI cycles.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Awareness, and Factors Associated with Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Study
Authors: Syed Wajid , Alharbi Mohammad K. , Samarkandi Osama A. , Alsadoun Ahmed , Al-Rawi Mahmood Basil A. , Iqbal Ayesha , Samreen Sana 
Published: July 2022

Background and objectives. Lack of knowledge and awareness about the disease is generally associated with wicked health outcomes. Diabetes is a chronic endocrine disease, affecting people of both genders and across all age groups, and is currently considered a major public health challenge globally. This study aims to assess the public’s knowledge, awareness, and associated demographic factors among general community. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out for over 4 months from May to August 2020 using a self-administered, anonymous online questionnaire. All adults of both genders were invited to participate in the study. Individuals who are able to read and understand the English language were included in the study. Data were descriptively analyzed using a statistical package for social science version 26 (SPSS). Results. A total of 427 subjects responded to the questionnaires. More than half of them were male 253 (59.3%), while 174 (40.7%) were female, approximately 49% had a university degree, and 196 (45.9%) were postgraduates. The mean age of the participants was 25.7 ± 6.2 (mean ± SD). Most of them were single 230 (53.9%). The majority of the respondents 367 (85.9%) had heard of hyperglycemia, while a comparable number of 366 (85.7%) were aware of it being a lifelong disease. About 305 (71.4%) of participants knew that genetic factors were associated with hyperglycemia, and more than half of 250 (58.5%) knew that diabetes causes foot problems. There was a significant association between the cause of diabetes with income and educational status (

p

< 0.05) and diabetic complications with age, education, and family income (

p

< 0.05). Conclusion. In conclusion, there is a need for greater awareness and additional education regarding hyperglycemia among the general community in the state of Telangana, India, to reduce the incidence of diabetes and associated risk factors. Public health campaigns that encourage healthier lifestyles might help achieve this aim.
Pengetahuan UMKM Sejahtera Bersama Mengenai Aplikasi Buku Kas
Authors: - Shafira Dewi Faza 
Published: July 2022

Recording financial reports among UMKM is a problem that often
occurs, technological advances which are growing rapidly to date
have become a solution to make work easier, one of which is the use
of applications. The Cash Book application is here to help business
actors in financial records without incurring costs. This program aims
to provide knowledge for the owners of the UMKM Sejahtera
Bersama about the Cash Book application so that they can assist in
problems related to their business financial records. The methods
used are observation, interviews, and coordination so that the
implementation of the activity process can be easily adjusted.
Furthermore, socialization and training regarding the application of
the Cash Book were practiced and assisted directly in its
implementation. The results of the program show that the UMKM
Sejahtera Bersama are able to apply and understand well the use of
the Cash Book application and are able to independently input sales
data.
Keywords: financial reports, applications, UMKM.

Mencatat laporan keuangan di kalangan UMKM menjadi
permasalahan yang sering terjadi, kemajuan teknologi yang sangat
berkembang pesat hingga saat ini menjadi solusi untuk dapat
mempermudah pekerjaan, salah satunya penggunaan aplikasi.
Aplikasi Buku Kas hadir untuk membantu para pelaku usaha dalam
pencatatan keuangan tanpa mengeluarkan biaya. Program
ini bertujuan memberikan pengetahuan pemilik UMKM Sejahtera
Bersama tentang aplikasi Buku Kas sehingga dapat membantu dalam
permasalahan terkait pencatatan keuangan usaha mereka. Metode
yang dilakukan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan koordinasi agar
dalam pelaksanaan proses kegiatan dapat dengan mudah
menyesuaikan. Selanjutnya, sosialisasi dan pelatihan mengenai
aplikasi Buku Kas yang dipraktekkan serta didampingi secara
langsung dalam pelaksanaannya. Hasil program menunjukkan
bahwa UMKM Sejahtera Bersama mampu mengaplikasikan dan
memahami dengan baik penggunaan aplikasi Buku Kas dan mampu
secara mandiri menginput data penjualan.
Kata kunci : laporan keuangan, aplikasi, UMKM.
Desigualdad de resultados pruebas Saber-11 antes y durante la pandemia covid-19 (2014-2021)
Authors: Ballesteros-Alfonso Alba Lorena , Gómez-Velasco Nubia Yaneth 
Published: July 2022

(analítico)Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la desigualdad en los resultados de las pruebas Saber-11 en el periodo 2014-2021 del departamento de Boyacá, Colombia, y los efectos de la pandemia del covid-19 en tales resultados, según áreas de conocimiento y nivel socioeconómico. Esta investigación se realizó con base en los datos de las pruebas Saber-11 obtenidos en la página del Instituto Colombiano para la Evaluación de la Educación. Se observó que en Boyacá el mejor desempeño lo obtienen los estudiantes de los colegios privados y de estratos 3, 4 y 5. Se evidencia el aumento de la brecha educativa en el departamento durante la pandemia del covid-19, producto de las desigualdades en el acceso a la educación y los problemas de conectividad en los territorios.
Palabras clave: Educación; pruebas Saber-11; calidad educativa; desigualdad de resultados; pandemia, brecha educativa; covid-19.
An Assessment of Kwasi Wiredu’s Consensual Democracy: Towards a More Viable Alternative Political System
Authors: Adeyanju Olanshile Muideen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper undertakes a critical examination of Kwasi Wiredu’s argument for a non-party consensual democracy in contemporary African societies. Wiredu advocates for this as an alternative to majoritarian democracy which, he argues, shuts out the interests and aspirations of the minority and breeds political instability. The paper argues that the non-party consensual democracy does not fit into the complex needs of contemporary African societies. The paper also admits that majoritarian democracy, as it is currently practised in most African societies, is inadequate in achieving the socio-political ideals of a democratic setting. However, the paper maintains that majoritarian democracy has the features, which are lacking in non-party consensual democracy, that can be modified, broadened and developed to achieve the democratic ideals that can help address the challenges of contemporary African societies. Thus, outside the strict choice between a return to non-party consensual democracy and the currently-practised majoritarian democracy, the paper proposes a broadened but modified model of the majoritarian form of democracy which has roots in majoritarian democracy but differs on the grounds of its substantial incorporation of democratic standards lacking in majoritarian democracy.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Vaccination Status in a Community-Based Cohort of People Who Inject Drugs in Baltimore, Maryland, March–June 2021
Authors: Cepeda Javier A. , Feder Kenneth A. , Astemborski Jacqueline , Schluth Catherine , Kirk Gregory D. , Mehta Shruti H. , Genberg Becky L. 
Published: July 2022

Objective: People who inject drugs are a population who are often unengaged with health care services. The objective of this study was to characterize COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in a community-based sample of people who inject drugs in Baltimore, Maryland. Methods: The ALIVE study (AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience) in Baltimore is a community-based cohort study of people with a history of injection drug use. From March 2 through June 28, 2021, 346 ALIVE participants completed a survey on substance use, structural determinants of health, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The exposure of interest was COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, and the primary outcome was vaccination status as of June 30, 2021. We extracted data on the dates of vaccination from electronic medical records linked to study participants. Results: The median age of the sample was 60 years; most participants were male (66%) and non-Hispanic Black (87%). Most (55%) trusted the COVID-19 vaccine, and 68% had received ≥1 dose. After age standardization, survey participants were more likely than the Maryland general population to be unvaccinated (prevalence ratio = 1.20; 95% CI, 0.97-1.49; P = .10). Participants who somewhat trusted or did not trust the COVID-19 vaccine had 6-fold higher odds of being unvaccinated than participants who trusted the vaccine (odds ratio = 6.30; 95% CI, 3.74-10.60). Conclusion: Uptake of COVID-19 vaccine among people with a history of injection drug use was high. Attitudes and knowledge about vaccination were important predictors of vaccine uptake. Education and outreach efforts could be effective in reducing hesitancy and increasing vaccination in substance-using populations.
Symptomatic, Presymptomatic, and Asymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a University Student Population, August–November 2020
Authors: Krieg Steven J. , Schnur Jennifer J. , Miranda Marie Lynn , Pfrender Michael E. , Chawla Nitesh V. 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The impact and risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from asymptomatic and presymptomatic hosts remains an open question. This study measured the secondary attack rates (SARs) and relative risk (RR) of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from asymptomatic and presymptomatic index cases as compared with symptomatic index cases. Methods: We used COVID-19 test results, daily health check reports, and contact tracing data to measure SARs and corresponding RRs among close contacts of index cases in a cohort of 12 960 young adults at the University of Notre Dame in Indiana for 103 days, from August 10 to November 20, 2020. Further analysis included Fisher exact tests to determine the association between symptoms and COVID-19 infection and z tests to determine statistical differences between SARs. Results: Asymptomatic rates of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 were higher (SAR = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.14-0.24) than was estimated in prior studies, producing an RR of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.54-1.07) when compared with symptomatic transmission. In addition, the transmission rate associated with presymptomatic cases (SAR = 0.25; 95% CI, 0.21-0.30) was approximately the same as that for symptomatic cases (SAR = 0.25; 95% CI, 0.19-0.31). Furthermore, different symptoms were associated with different transmission rates. Conclusions: Asymptomatic and presymptomatic hosts of SARS-CoV-2 are a risk for community spread of COVID-19, especially with new variants emerging. Moreover, typical symptom checks may easily miss people who are asymptomatic or presymptomatic but still infectious. Our study results may be used as a guide to analyze the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants and help inform appropriate public health measures as they relate to asymptomatic and presymptomatic cases.
Computed Tomography Findings for Predicting Invasiveness of Lung Adenocarcinomas Manifesting as Pure Ground-Glass Nodules
Authors: Park Jeaneun , Doo Kyung Won , Sung Yeoun Eun , Jung Jung Im , Chang Suyon 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To comprehensively evaluate qualitative and quantitative features for predicting invasiveness of pure ground-glass nodules (pGGNs) using multiplanar computed tomography. Methods: Ninety-three resected pGGNs (16 atypical adenomatous hyperplasia [AAH], 18 adenocarcinoma in situ [AIS], 31 minimally invasive adenocarcinoma [MIA], and 28 invasive adenocarcinoma [IA]) were retrospectively included. Two radiologists analyzed qualitative and quantitative features on three standard planes. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify features to distinguish the pre-invasive (AAH/AIS) from the invasive (MIA/IA) group. Results: Tumor size showed high area under the curve (AUC) for predicting invasiveness (.860, .863, .874, and .893, for axial long diameter [AXLD], multiplanar long diameter, mean diameter, and volume, respectively). The AUC for AXLD (cutoff, 11 mm) was comparable to that of the volume ( P = .202). The invasive group had a significantly higher number of qualitative features than the pre-invasive group, regardless of tumor size. Six out of 59 invasive nodules (10.2%) were smaller than 11 mm, and all had at least one qualitative feature. pGGNs smaller than 11 mm without any qualitative features (n = 16) were all pre-invasive. In multivariable analysis, AXLD, vessel change, and the presence or number of qualitative features were independent predictors for invasiveness. The model with AXLD and the number of qualitative features achieved the highest AUC (.902, 95% confidence interval .833-.971). Conclusion: In adenocarcinomas manifesting as pGGNs on computed tomography, AXLD and the number of qualitative features are independent risk factors for invasiveness; small pGGNs (<11 mm) without qualitative features have low probability of invasiveness.
Breastfeeding Women’s Attitudes About the SARS-COV-2 Vaccine in Spain
Authors: Alfaro Blazquez Ruben , González-Timoneda Alba , González-Timoneda Marta , Gómez Gómez María , Borrull-Guardeño Jessica 
Published: July 2022

Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 has spread globally, causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To control the pandemic and to achieve herd immunity, four vaccines have obtained market authorization in Europe. Researchers have reported that the sequence of administration of the vaccines depends on the risk of exposure to COVID-19 and age, recommending the vaccine to pregnant and breastfeeding women. Research Aim: To examine the knowledge, willingness and attitudes of breastfeeding women in Spain regarding the possibility of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: An observational descriptive cross-sectional study in two tertiary-level hospitals from Valencia was conducted. Breastfeeding women ( N = 301) were recruited by non-probability sampling of consecutive cases. Questionnaires were collected in June 2021. Results: More than one in every two participants would accept a COVID-19 vaccine, and the percentage rose in participants who were older, more educated, or worked in high-risk jobs. Their main source of information was the Internet, and midwives were the professionals who most recommended vaccination. Participants who would not accept vaccination during lactation reported reasons linked to lack of information regarding vaccination in their condition and how it might affect newborns. Conclusion: It is of primary concern for healthcare professionals to foster a greater understanding by providing updated information regarding the need, safety, and efficacy of the vaccine for both lactating mothers and their newborns.
Why lupus patients discontinue antimalarials in real life: A 50 years-experience from a reference centre
Authors: Araújo Olga , Hernández-Rodríguez José , Pelegrín Laura , Feliu Maria , Boland Michael , Hernández-Negrín Halbert , Adán Alfredo , Espinosa Gerard , Cervera Ricard 
Published: July 2022

Background Because of the efficacy and good safety profile of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is currently recommended in all SLE patients. However, patients’ compliance was reported as suboptimal. This study aims to elucidate the reasons for discontinuing antimalarials in a large series of SLE patients followed in a single centre during the last 50 years. Material and methods Among all patients diagnosed between 1968 and 2017 at our reference centre, retrospective data were obtained from electronic medical records of SLE patients consecutively visited during 2015–2017 and controlled for at least 1 year. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data at disease onset and during the follow-up in the whole cohort and differences between SLE patients discontinuing and continuing on antimalarials were analysed. Results Five-hundred thirty-nine patients followed during a median of 19 years were analysed. Median age at disease diagnosis was 29 years and 91.8% were women. Antimalarials were initiated by 521 (96.7%) patients and 18 (3.3%) cases did not start them mainly because of a quiescent or life-threatening SLE disease. In the 129 (24.7%) patients starting antimalarials with subsequent discontinuation, median treatment duration was 8.4 years. The main reason leading to treatment cessation was drug toxicity in 97 (18.6%) patients, of which macular toxicity was the most frequent adverse effect (n = 80; 15.3%). Treatment was stopped because of patient’s preference in 13 (2.5%) cases. The factors independently associated with antimalarial discontinuation were age at the end of follow-up (OR 1.130, 95% CI 1.005–1.269, p = 0.040), duration on antimalarials (OR 0.872, 95% CI 0.841–0.903, p < 0.001), presence of hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) (OR 13.948, 95% CI 1.321–147.324, p = 0.028) and anti-β2-glycoprotein 1 antibodies (OR 2.275, 95% CI 1.146–4.517, p = 0.019). Conclusions In our 50 years-experience, almost all SLE patients underwent antimalarials. These drugs are usually stopped because of adverse effects, particularly macular toxicity. After a long-term follow-up, patients’ compliance to antimalarials was considerably high in our SLE patients.
Clinical Significance of Pim-1 in Human Cancers: A Meta-analysis of Association with Prognosis and Clinicopathological Characteristics
Authors: Lai Lin , Chen Xinyu , Tian Ge , Liang Renba , Chen Xishan , Qin Yuelan , Chen Kaihua , Zhu Xiaodong 
Published: July 2022

Background Pim-1 is overexpressed in cancer tissues and plays a vital role in carcinogenesis. However, its clinical significance in cancers is not fully verified by meta-analysis, especially in relation to prognosis and clinicopathological features. Methods Four databases, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, were searched. Literature screening and data extraction according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the included literatures was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the data analysis was performed using STATA and Review Manager software. Results 15 articles were finally included for meta-analysis, involving 1651 patients. Effect-size pooling analysis showed that high Pim-1 was related to poor overall survival (OS) (HR 1.68 [95% CI 1.17-2.40], P = .004) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 2.15 [95 %CI 1.15-4.01], P = .000). Subgroup analysis indicated that the detection techniques of Pim-1 were the main sources of heterogeneity, and 2 literatures using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for Pim-1mRNA had high homogeneity (I2 = .0%, P = .321) in OS. Another 13 studies that applied immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Pim-1 protein had significant heterogeneity (I2=82.2%, P = .000; I2=92%, P = .000) in OS and DFS, respectively, and further analysis demonstrated that ethnicity, sample size, and histopathological origin were considered to be the main factors affecting their heterogeneity. In addition, high Pim-1 was associated with lymph node metastasis (OR 1.40 [95% CI 1.02-1.92], P = .04), distant metastasis (OR 2.69 [95%CI 1.67-4.35], P < .0001), and clinical stage III-IV (OR .7 [95% CI .50-.96, P = .03). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the pooled results of each effect-size were stable and reliable, and there was no significant publication bias ( P = .138) in all included articles. Conclusion High Pim-1 can not only predict poor OS and DFS of cancer, but also help to infer the malignant clinical characteristics of tumor metastasis. Pim-1 may be a potential and promising biomarker for early diagnosis, prognostic analysis and targeted therapy of tumors.