bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mark Aurelius political and legal ideas on human rights as a significant contribution to roman legal thought
Authors: Gutiv B. , Oliinyk Yu. 
Published: November 2022

The article is dedicated to a general overview of the political and legal ideas of Marcus Aurelius on human rights. In today’s period of fatal events, when the worst episodes of the past are becoming a reality again, namely the unleashing of an unprovoked brutal war against Ukraine by the Russian Federation, the world community is obliged to discuss human rights issues in the natural and legal aspects. In this regard, it seems necessary to turn to the origins of ideas about subjectively significant state and legal phenomena, devoid of problematic and veiled ideas. Undoubtedly, the world today needs more ideas full of humanity and the common good, ideas of the right decisions, which in their numbers can become something of a catalyst for peace around the world. Such political and legal ideas are able to change the world and adjust a certain group of people to the direction of development and improvement, rather than impoverishment and degradation. Among other things, it is important to take into account historical experience and views on the state and law, analyzing which can be at least closer to the truth in the relevant issue.
The significance of the Roman Empire, which for some time stretched over large areas from England to Syria in the context of the concepts of history of state and law and political and legal doctrines is extremely great. The Roman Empire largely shaped world culture, science, law, art and education. The influence of the same Roman law on the jurisprudence of medieval and new states is enormous. The Roman Empire, both during its existence and after its disappearance, became a symbol of the development of law. Of great interest in this regard are the political and legal teachings of Marcus Aurelius - Emperor-philosopher, who introduced the idea of a state with equal law for all, governed by equality and equality of all, and the kingdom in which the highest good is the freedom of subordinates. The philosopher believed that the state should have the same laws for all, respect the freedom of citizens, and govern on the basis of equality and equality of all citizens.
This philosopher pursued a balanced policy, his rule is characterized by respect for the people, the Senate and its members. Aurelius reign was called the «Senate Renaissance» because the emperor himself emphasized his obedience to the senate, which was the highest imperial power at the time. Marcus Aurelius directed his policy to help orphans, slaves, the poor and the sick, donated money to help all those in need. During this historical period, attitudes toward slavery and violence against them changed, and their murder was recognized as a crime thanks to Marcus Aurelius. In this article, the authors evaluates the main ideas of the Roman Stoics. The the authors clarifies some principles of equality of human rights and the functioning of the state in this direction, in particular on the basis of political and legal views of Marcus Aurelius.
Norm attaining bilinear forms on the plane with the l
1-norm
Authors: Kim Sung Guen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For given unit vectors x1, · · ·, xn of a real Banach space E, we define

N
A

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ℒ

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=

{

T
∈
ℒ

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:

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,

NA\left( {\mathcal{L}\left( {^nE} \right)} \right)\left( {{x_1}, \ldots {x_n}} \right) = \left\{ {T \in \mathcal{L}\left( {^nE} \right):\left| {T\left( {{x_1}, \ldots {x_n}} \right)} \right| = \left\| T \right\| = 1} \right\},

where ℒ(nE) denotes the Banach space of all continuous n-linear forms on E endowed with the norm ||T|| = sup||xk||=1,1≤k≤n |T(x1, . . ., xn)|.
In this paper, we classify NA(ℒ(2l1
2))((x1, x2), (y1, y2)) for unit vectors (x1, x2), (y1, y2)∈ l1
2, where l1
2 = ℝ2 with the l1-norm.
On a metric topology on the set of bivariate means
Authors: Raïssouli Mustapha , Chergui Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we define a distance d on the set ℳ of bivariate means. We show that (ℳ, d) is a bounded complete metric space which is not compact. Other algebraic and topological properties of (ℳ, d) are investigated as well.
Experimental Research of Vibrational Properties of a Single-Axle Trailer when Crossing an Individual Road Obstacle
Authors: Barta Dalibor , Dižo Ján , Blatnický Miroslav , Molnár Denis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Investigation of road vehicles in term of their dynamics is very important task. There are assessed two main points of view, i.e. the driving safety and ride comfort for passenger. This article is aimed at analysis of dynamics of a single-axle trailer by means of real tests. Several driving manoeuvres have been performed and evaluated, at which, when a trailer has been towed by a passenger car. As the main output parameters, acceleration signals have been measured and recorded. The vehicle-trailer combination has been moved at several driving speeds.
Test of Oil Filters on Laboratory Test Device
Authors: Hujo Ľubomír , Kaszkowiak Jerzy , Nosian Jozef , Michalides Matej 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article describes the testing of oil filters on a laboratory test device designed to monitor changes in oil filter flow and pressure, depending on the level of engine oil contamination. The laboratory test device enables testing the suitability of using filters with different filtering capabilities, even with differently polluted engine oil. The measurement results can be used in the design of new filter materials, or in the design of changing replacement intervals, which would mean a benefit from an economic as well as an ecological point of view.
Emission Problems of Vehicles and Advanced Fuels Application
Authors: Tarbajovský Pavol , Šoltésová Marieta , Puškár Michal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The automotive industry is exposed to continued pressures, the goal of which is decarbonisation together with application of the advanced technologies and fuels, as well as utilization of the alternative vehicle drives. The main task of the scientific publication was a complex emission analysis of the selected vehicles during various test cycles, as well as a comparison of the individual emissions when using different types of fuel.
The Working Cycle of the Motoring Internal Combustion Engine by a New Method with Cylinder Pressures as in Real Engine Operation
Authors: Procházka Radek , Dittrich Aleš , Beroun Stanislav , Zvolský Tomáš , Voženílek Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The current standard methods of determining the mechanical losses of the ICE by motoring do not correspond to the low pressures in the cylinders of real engine operation. The new tried and tested method of determining passive resistances by motoring ICE with high working pressures in the cylinders is based on blowing doses of compressed air into the cylinders around BDC with special self-acting valves. When motoring with the new method, the same course of pressures in the cylinders and the same load on the crank mechanism, including the piston group, is achieved during combustion. The measurement proved the problem-free functionality of the self-acting valves, and the conducted experiments provided data on the dependence of mechanical and heat losses in the ICE on the working pressures in the cylinder.
Four-Lobe Blower Performance Assessment
Authors: Žák Marek , Čupera Jiří , Mitáš Stanislav 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a new 4-lobe blower for supercharging a two-stroke engine. Based on a modified Roots compressor manufactured prototype shows pros and cons of an innovative profile. The results demonstrate that the shape of rotor edges effect out pressure stability. The measurement results include the main assessed parameters: outlet pressure, overall efficiency, losses and outlet air temperature.
Performance Study of a Developed Rule-Based Control Strategy with Use of an ECMS Optimization Control Algorithm on a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Authors: Ušiak Michal , Böhm Michael , Šebela Kamil 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Greenhouse gases jeopardize world’s climate. A significant amount of these pollutants is produced by road vehicles, so their producers are forced to reduce their emissions significantly. This means that every car manufacturer is expanding their electrified vehicle range. Fully electric vehicles are the best way for long-term elimination of greenhouse gases production in road transport. However, in the short term it is not possible to switch all vehicles to EVs. Temporary solutions are hybrid electric vehicles, which offer a compromise between conventional and electric vehicles. In addition to the right choice of hybrid powertrain and correct scaling of its components, it is also important to develop a suitable control strategy for its energy management. The main goal of this work is to compare the performance of the rule-based control strategy with the built-in local optimization algorithm ECMS in GT-SUITETM software. ECMS means Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy and is based on an optimization of selected control parameters in each time step of the driving cycle simulation. A fuel efficiency improvement is assessed on a selected plug-in hybrid vehicle. Results of WLTC driving cycle simulations in charge sustaining mode (state of charge of the battery at the beginning and at the end of the simulation is the same) shows fuel consumption of 5 l/100km for rule based control strategy and 4.2 l/100km for ECMS algorithm. This means that ECMS can achieve more than 16% improvement for this particular vehicle.
Complex Evaluation of Heavy-Duty Truck Hybridization and Electrification Options
Authors: Toman Rastislav , Adámek Mikuláš 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrain topologies are easily applicable on an existing conventional powertrain, and are frequently used in passenger vehicles, with a goal to reduce the overall fleet CO2 emissions, either with mild, full, or plug-in capability. However, for the heavy-duty trucks, the powertrain electrification progresses more slowly. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to evaluate three different hybridization options, together with two electrification options, in comparison with conventional powertrain combined with 5.9 L 6-cylinder diesel internal combustion engine in a heavy-duty 7.5-ton application. All vehicle variants are evaluated in eight vehicle driving cycles replicating different heavy-duty use-cases at different cargo levels, also considering the economical aspect of these different electrification options, calculating the payback periods for each powertrain option. The energy management control strategy, that determines the power split between the ICE and electric motor for HEV variants is an optimal one, based on Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle. All models are programmed in-house in Python 3.9.0.
Conditions for Loss of Stability of an Autonomous Vehicle During a Cornering Manoeuvre
Authors: Magdolen Ľuboš , Danko Ján , Milesich Tomáš , Kevický Igor , Hanko Lukáš , Skyrčák Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper deals with the method of creating a virtual autonomous vehicle dynamics model SimRod in AMESim environment and implementing such a model in Prescan and MATLAB/Simulink environments and performing co-simulation of the vehicle cornering maneuver at different values of the grip factor in these software. As a result, the driving dynamics of the SimRod vehicle is assessed in the simulation environment and the stability of the vehicle in the turn with respect to the grip factor and vehicle speed is analyzed.
Apert Syndrome with Agenesis of the Corpus Collosum - Case Report
Authors: Nestorovic-Tanaskovic Jelena , Igrutinovic Zoran , Vuletic Biljana , Radovanovic Маrija , Dabovic Jovana , Savic Dragana , Medovic Raša , Raskovic Zorica , Knezevic-Rangelov Sanja , Obradovic Slobodan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Apert syndrome (Acrocephalosyndactylia type 1) belongs to the group of extremely rare congenital dysmorphic syndromes. It is characterized by craniostenosis with very early fusion of the skull and / or cranial base sutures, facial hypoplasia, symmetrical syndactyly of the fingers and toes and other systemic malformations. Multiple CNS abnormalities are common, but simultaneous occurrence of Apert syndrome and agenesis of corpus callosum is estimated about 10%.
We present a male patient born after first, normal and controlled pregnancy and term, naturally birth, in which the Apert syndrome was diagnosed, based on the clinical presentation of the skull and face and syndactyly of fingers and toes. Neurological examination established generalized hypotonia and aggravated provocation of the primitive reflexes. Neurosonography showed complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, which makes this case a rare form of this syndrome. The head X-rays showed turricephalic skull shape and suture’s synostoses, which is demonstrated in more detail at computed tomography finding. The hands and feet X-rays showed bone synostosis of fingers and toes. The video-electroencephalogram recorded intermittent depression of electrocortical activity. There was conducted the multidisciplinary examination in order to examine the possibility of reconstructive and plastic surgical correction of the anomalies.
The neurodevelopmental disorders in patients with Apert syndrome can be manifested by a variety of congenital malformations, but considering its rare occurrence, the significance of these abnormalities remains unknown.
“Recognition of Cuban Independence”: Henry Adams and Empire Building
Authors: Medeiros da Silva Edgardo 
Published: November 2022

Drawing on the correspondence of Henry Adams (1838-1918), one of the keenest observers and commentators on US politics throughout the second half of the nineteenth-century, this paper examines a report he prepared on behalf of Senator James Donald Cameron (1833-1918) of Pennsylvania, a member of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, entitled “Recognition of Cuban Independence” (1896), to try and justify the right of intervention of the United States in the cause of Cuban independence. Centered on two major arguments, national interest and the existence of a government already in place on the island of Cuba, the document in question, which hitherto has not been subject to any major scholarly examination, embodies many of the principles Adams felt should have guided American foreign policy at the time, bringing to light the extent to which he was a firm believer in the “manifest destiny” of the United States to help Latin American colonies break away from their European rulers within the framework of the Monroe Doctrine.
The Effect of Music Therapy and Aromatherapy with Chamomile-Lavender Essential Oil on the Anxiety of Clinical Nurses: A Randomized and Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Zamanifar Somayeh ,   Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, Bagheri-Saveh Mohammad Iraj ,   Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, Nezakati Aram ,   Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Besat Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, Mohammadi Rozhin ,   Department of Midwifery, Besat Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, Seidi Jamal ,   Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran,   Jamal Seidi Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Fax: +988733660092 Mobile: +989183781006 E-mail: jamal.seidi@yahoo.com
Published: November 2022

Nurses may be anxious due to critical and emergencies, and anxiety can affect their professional performance. Non-pharmacological interventions, as a safe method, can reduce anxiety.This study aimed to determine the effect of music therapy and aromatherapy with chamomile - lavender essential oil on the anxiety of clinical nurses.This was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. One hundred twenty nurses from clinical wards of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran, were selected between 2018 and 2019 by purposeful sampling. The samples were randomly assigned to three groups with different interventions, namely music therapy, both aromatherapy with chamomile-lavender essential oil and music therapy, and aromatherapy with chamomile-lavender essential oil, along with a control group as well. The anxiety of nurses was measured based on the Beck Anxiety Inventory before the intervention and after three work shifts. The data were analyzed using the SPSS v.22 software. One-way ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses.The findings showed that the mean scores of the anxiety of nurses after the intervention in the three groups namely the group for which music therapy was applied, the group for which aromatherapy with chamomile-lavender essential oil was used and the group for which both music therapy and aromatherapy with chamomile-lavender essential oil were applied, were (39.28), (37.82) and (40.03), respec�tively. Therefore, the obtained mean score of each group was significantly lower than that of the control group (56.08) (p < 0.0001).The results showed that the interventions of music therapy and aromatherapy with chamomile-lavender essential oil could reduce the anxiety of nurses. Therefore, it is recommended to use music therapy and aromatherapy with chamomile-lavender essential oil to reduce the anxiety of nurses in the clinical setting.
Localization of Impacted Canines - A Comparative Study of Computed Tomography and Orthopantomography
Authors: Mohammed Asadullah Khan ,   Department Of Orthodontics, Sri Balaji Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,   Dr Asadullah Khan Mohammed Reader, Department Of Orthodontics, Sri Balaji Dental College Hyderabad, Telangana E-mail: marvelviks@gmail.com Phone: +917993434679, Sravani Garepally ,   Department Of Orthodontics, Sri Balaji Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Vallappareddy Deepti ,   Department Of Orthodontics, Sri Sai College Of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad. Telangana, India, Rao Annamaneni Rakesh ,   Department Of Orthodontics, Sri Sai College Of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad. Telangana, India, Qureshi Arshad ,   Department Of Orthodontics, Sri Sai College Of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad. Telangana, India, Prasad Anisha N ,   Department Of Orthodontics, Sri Balaji Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Published: November 2022

Our aim was to evaluate the location of impacted canines and their proximity to the lateral and central incisor to assess the prognosis of the impacted canine and compare the reliability of 2D versus 3D imaging solutions.
We carried a prospective study on 17 subjects with impacted maxillary canines. Later, the patients underwent radiologic examination, i.e., sectional computed tomography and orthopantomography. The obtained records were compared regarding the location of the impacted maxillary canine, the proximity and resorption of the impacted canine to the lateral and central incisors, the prognosis of the impacted canine, and the linear distance of the canine from the vertical and horizontal reference lines drawn.
Eleven males (45.8%) and 13 females (54.1%), 11 (45.8%) impacted canines on the right side, and 13 (54.1%) on the left side, as well as 2 (8.3%) transpositions, were noted. Buccally impacted teeth caused less resorption of the adjacent teeth. Among the 24 teeth examined using orthopantomography with the sector method, 3 (12.5%) teeth were found in sector 1. There were 8 (33.33%) teeth in sector 2, and 11 (45.8%) of the impacted canines were in sector 3. In localizing impacted maxillary canines, computed tomography revealed an increased accuracy of 31% compared to orthopantomography.
Even though both computed tomography and orthopantomography revealed similar records, computed tomography showed more accuracy, also having an added advantage of its 3D viewing capabilities in precise localization of the impacted maxillary canine.
Intestinal Dysbiosis As a Possible Predictor of Very Early Preterm Labor in Pregnant Women With Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Mykolaivna Pavlovska Oksana ,   First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine,   Oksana Mykolaivna Pavlovska, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odessa National Medical University, Valikhovskiy Lane, 2, Odessa, 65082, Ukraine. E-mail: oksanaodmed@i.ua. Phone: + 38-050-549-88-59, Mykolaivna Pavlovska Kateryna ,   First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine, Mykolaivna Heryak Svitlana ,   Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Volodymyrovych Khmil Stefan ,   First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Yevhenivna Gorban Nataliia ,   Lukianova Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

The work assessed the state of the intestinal microbiocenosis in 52 puerperae at the in whom the pregnancy developed against the background of the metabolic syndrome. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was determined according to the criteria approved by the World Health Organization for pregnant women. The state of intestinal microbiocenosis was assessed by a bacteriological examination of feces immediately after delivery. The content of the main representatives of the obligate microflora (bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, native intestinal bacilli, fecal streptococci) and facultative (conditionally pathogenic) microorganisms (representatives of the genus Prоteus, Klebsiella, pathogenic strains of E. coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Clostridium difficile, Candida fungi) was determined. Cultures were made on appropriate growth media.At the time of birth, all patients of group I showed signs of intestinal microbiocenosis disorder. At the same time, 13 (54.2%) puerperae were diagnosed signs of dysbiosis of II degree, 9 (37.5%) with signs of III degree, which were generally characterized by a significant decrease in the content of the main representatives of obligate microflora (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, Fecal streptococci) with simultaneous high contamination of Candida albicans and Clostridium difficile. So, it can be considered as a possible predictor of very early preterm birth in women with MS. In pregnant women with MS, but who gave timely birth (group II), dysbiotic disorders were detected to a lesser extent. Thus, in 13 (46.4%) patients, initial signs of intestinal dysbiosis (first degree) were detected in 4 (14.3%) patients (second degree). In 11 (39.3%) puerperae of group II, microbial indices indicated normal eubiotic ratios.