bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Benzodiazepines and Z-Drugs in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Bernstein Charles N. , Fisk John D. , Walld Randy , Bolton James M. , Sareen Jitender , Patten Scott B. , Singer Alexander , Lix Lisa M. , Hitchon Carol A. , El-Gabalawy Renée , Graff Lesley A. , Katz Alan , Witges Kelcie , Marriott James J. , Marrie Ruth Ann ,   for the CIHR Team in Defining the Burden and Managing the Effects of Psychiatric Comorbidity in Chronic Immunoinflammatory Disease
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:
We estimated the incidence and prevalence of benzodiazepine and Z-drug (separately and jointly as BZD) use in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population compared with matched controls without IBD and examined the association of mood/anxiety disorders (M/ADs) with the use of BZD from 1997 to 2017.

METHODS:
Using administrative data from Manitoba, Canada, we identified 5,741 persons with incident IBD who were matched in a 1:5 ratio to controls on sex, birth year, and region. Validated case definitions were used to identify M/AD. Dispensations of BZD were identified. Multivariable generalized linear models were used to assess the association between IBD, M/AD, and BZD use.

RESULTS:
In 2016, the incident age/sex-standardized benzodiazepine use rates per 1,000 were 28.06 (95% confidence interval [CI] 26.41–29.81) in the IBD cohort and 16.83 (95% CI 16.28–17.39) in controls (adjusted rate ratio = 1.69 [95% CI 1.56–1.79]). Benzodiazepine incidence rates were higher for women with IBD than men, but the RR between cases and controls were similar for men and women. The incident age/sex-standardized Z-drug use rate per 1,000 was 21.07 (95% CI 19.69–22.41) in the IBD cohort. This was 1.87-fold higher than in controls (95% CI 1.73–2.01). In 2017, approximately 20% of persons with IBD used benzodiazepines and 20% used Z-drugs. There was a subadditive effect of both benzodiazepine and Z-drug uses between IBD and M/AD after adjusting for covariates.

DISCUSSION:
The use of BZD is more common in people with IBD than in population controls. Strategies to reduce the use of BZDs in persons with IBD and to offer alternative management strategies for M/ADs, sleep disorders, and other symptomatic concerns are needed.
Comparable Mortality Between Asian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Under Long-Term Antiviral Therapy vs Matched Control: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Yun Byungyoon , Oh Juyeon , Ahn Sang Hoon , Yoon Jin-Ha , Kim Beom Kyung 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Antiviral therapy (AVT) substantially improved the prognosis for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Head-to-head comparisons of prognosis between treated patients with CHB and the general population are scarce. We directly compared the prognosis between Asian patients with CHB receiving AVT and the general population.

METHODS:
From the South Korean National Health Insurance Service database, patients with CHB receiving AVT ≥3 years, aged 40–64 years, who underwent health examinations between 2011 and 2012 (AVT-CHB group) were recruited. As a control, propensity score–matched general population was chosen among patients without CHB. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes were cardiovascular disease (CVD), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and all types of non-HCC malignancies.

RESULTS:
During follow-up (median 7.2 years), 26,467 and 75,469 individuals in the AVT-CHB group and matched general population were analyzed. The 5- and 7-year cumulative all-cause mortality rates were 0.40% and 1.0% for the AVT-CHB group vs 0.50% and 1.0% for the matched general population (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–1.10; P = 0.51). The AVT-CHB group had a lower risk of CVD than the matched general population (aHR 0.70, 95% CI: 0.62–0.79; P < 0.001). Although the AVT-CHB group was more likely to develop HCC than the matched general population (aHR 13.16, 95% CI: 10.90–15.89; P < 0.001), the non-HCC malignancy risks in the AVT-CHB group were comparable to the matched general population (aHR 1.05, 95% CI 0.98–1.13; P = 0.137).

DISCUSSION:
The AVT-CHB group had a similar risk of all-cause mortality and non-HCC malignancies and a lower risk of CVD than the matched general population.
Recent advances in laboratory hematology reflected by a decade of CCLM publications
Authors: Hoffmann Johannes J.M.L. , Urrechaga Eloísa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) we present a review of recent developments in the discipline of laboratory hematology as these are reflected by papers published in CCLM in the period 2012–2022. Since data on CCLM publications from 1963 to 2012 are also available, we were able to make a comparison between the two periods. This interestingly revealed that the share of laboratory hematology papers has steadily increased and reached now 16% of all papers published in CCLM. It also became evident that blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, erythrocytes, platelets and instrument and method evaluation constituted the ‘hottest’ topics with regard to number of publications. Some traditional, characteristic CCLM categories like reference intervals, standardization and harmonization, were more stable and probably will remain so in the future. With the advent of important newer topics, like new coagulation assays and drugs and cell population data generated by hematology analyzers, laboratory hematology is anticipated to remain a significant discipline in CCLM publications.
The 𝑛𝑝-Chart with 3-𝜎 Limits and the ARL-Unbiased 𝑛𝑝-Chart Revisited
Authors: Morais Manuel Cabral , Wittenberg Philipp , Cruz Camila Jeppesen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the statistical process control literature, counts of nonconforming items are frequently assumed to be independent and have a binomial distribution with parameters

(
n
,
p
)

(n,p)

, where 𝑛 and 𝑝 represent the fixed sample size and the fraction nonconforming.
In this paper, the traditional

n
⁢
p

np

-chart with 3-𝜎 control limits is reexamined.
We show that, even if its lower control limit is positive and we are dealing with a small target value

p
0

p_{0}

of the fraction nonconforming

(
p
)

(p)

, this chart average run length (ARL) function achieves a maximum to the left of

p
0

p_{0}

.
Moreover, the in-control ARL of this popular chart is also shown to vary considerably with the fixed sample size 𝑛.
We also look closely at the ARL function of the ARL-unbiased

n
⁢
p

np

-chart proposed by Morais [An ARL-unbiased

n
⁢
p

np

-chart,
Econ. Qual. Control
31 (2016), 1, 11–21], which attains a pre-specified maximum value in the in-control situation.
This chart triggers a signal at sample 𝑡 with probability one if the observed number of nonconforming items,

x
t

x_{t}

, is beyond the lower and upper control limits (𝐿 and 𝑈), probability

γ
L

\gamma_{L}

(resp.

γ
U

\gamma_{U}

) if

x
t

x_{t}

coincides with 𝐿 (resp. 𝑈).
A graphical display for the ARL-unbiased

n
⁢
p

np

-chart is proposed, taking advantage of the qcc package for the statistical software R.
Furthermore, as far as we have investigated, its control limits can be obtained using three different search algorithms; their computation times are thoroughly compared.
Ultrasonic-assisted food grade nanoemulsion preparation from clove bud essential oil and evaluation of its antioxidant and antibacterial activity
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Rajapandiyan , Yehia Hany M. , Abdul Hameed Meera Moydeen , Periyasamy Vaiyapuri Subbarayan , Alshuniaber Mohammad A. , Alzahrani Abdulhakeem , Alshatwi Ali A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nanoemulsions formulated using materials of the highest food grade are receiving significant attention in various industries, especially food-based applications. Food-grade nanoemulsions are suitable for delivering bioactive molecules and their bioavailability, encapsulation, and protection. The present study aimed to extract essential oil (EO) from clove bud and formulate food-grade nanoemulsions. Furthermore, it investigated antioxidant and antimicrobial efficacy of nanoemulsions against foodborne pathogens. The present study found that the extracted clove bud EO is enriched with polyphenols and consists of 59 bioactive compounds from various chemical groups such as alcohol, aldehyde, esters, benzenes, carboxylic acid, esters, fatty acids, and nitrogen compounds. Among the bioactive compounds, methyl eugenol was identified as a major compound. Clove bud EO nanoemulsion antioxidant and noncytotoxic results suggest that this material could help develop promising antibacterial agents for food-based applications. The formulated nanoemulsion consisting of droplets of a mean diameter of 77.7 nm exhibits significant inhibitory and bactericidal action on Gram-positive and Gram-negative food pathogens. It is still essential to conduct more studies on the effects of food spoilage and poisoning bacteria and the mechanisms of their actions.
Predicted interfacial thermal conductance and thermal conductivity of graphite flakes/Al composites with different alloy composition
Authors: Liu Yuan , Cui Yan , Li Wenjun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Graphite flake/Al composites are promising thermal management materials due to their light weight and excellent thermal properties. The interface structure is a key factor that impacts the thermophysical properties. In this work, prediction models based on the acoustic mismatch model (AMM) and the effective medium approach (EMA) were developed to evaluate the effect of the alloying elements on the interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) and thermal conductivity (TC) of graphite flake/Al composites. With the increase in Si content, the ITC for the graphite flakes/Al composites increases clearly. In contrast, the ITC for the graphite flakes/Al composites decreases with the increase in Mg content. The variation range of ITC of graphite flakes/Al–Mg–Si composites is (2.3 × 107–3.1 × 107) W m−1 K−1. The thermal conductivity of the graphite flakes/Al–Mg–Si composites is in the range of (412–476) W m−1 K−1. With the increase in the volume fraction of graphite flake, the thermal conductivity of the graphite flakes/Al composites is significantly improved.
Nanoparticle-on-mirror pairs: building blocks for remote spectroscopies
Authors: Hu Huatian , Xu Yuhao , Hu Zhiwei , Kang Bowen , Zhang Zhenglong , Sun Jiawei , Li Yang , Xu Hongxing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Surface-enhanced spectroscopies, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), fluorescence (SEF), circular dichroism, etc., are powerful tools for investigating nano-entities with high sensitivities. Owing to the giant local electric field confined in a plasmonic nanogap, nanogap-enhanced spectroscopies could detect samples with ultralow concentrations, even down to the single-molecule level for SERS and SEF. This great ability to detect analytes with ultralow concentrations provides opportunities for early diagnosis and monitoring in modern biomedicine. However, local laser excitations would inevitably bring about unwanted disruptive background perturbations, local heating, and the consequent geometry reshaping and biological analyte damages. Remote spectroscopies avoiding direct laser exposure to the samples can be treated as remarkable solutions. Here, we combined the nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) family with the philosophy of remote spectroscopy to construct so-called “NPoM pairs” structures. They consist of two identical NPoMs with matched resonances yet separate functions either as receiving or transmitting antennas. A figure of merit for evaluating the remote spectroscopies was put forward, which accounts for the efficiencies in three processes, i.e., receiving, transporting, and transmitting. In addition, we experimentally demonstrated the performances of these NPoM pairs by proof-of-principle applications on the remote SERS and SEF. The optical access of the spectral information in these NPoM pairs both locally and remotely manifests themselves as fundamental building blocks for remote spectroscopies.
Internet of Things-based smart vehicles design of bio-inspired algorithms using artificial intelligence charging system
Authors: Jain Rituraj , Chakravarthi M. Kalyan , Kumar P. K. , Hemakesavulu O. , Ramirez-Asis Edwin , Pelaez-Diaz Guillermo , Mahaveerakannan R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a machine intelligence technology with vast potential for a smart industrial revolution. This study aims to create new electric-powered transportation such as bicycles, motorbikes, and other vehicles. The combination of high-speed, resiliency, and low-latency connection, as well as AI and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, will enable the transformation to fully autonomous vehicles. This electric motorcycle tracks its speed, location, and other data using IoT logic. A smart charging system has also been developed to keep them ready to use effectively. The proposed research also reduces the damage to the environment efficiently.
Schuld und Vergebung bei schweren psychiatrischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Stotz-Ingenlath Gabriele 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Im Artikel liegt der Fokus auf schweren psychiatrischen Erkrankungen. Zunächst geht es um psychische Voraussetzungen für Schuldfähigkeit, um Besonderheiten psychischen Krankseins und um unterschiedliche Schuldtypen (Tat- und Unterlassungsschuld, existenzielle Schuld und unschuldige oder tragische Schuld). Schuldgefühl ohne Schuld und Schuld ohne Schuldgefühl sind Extreme in der Pathologie des Schuldgefühls, dessen biologische Mit-Bedingtheit erläutert wird. Die Bewältigung von Schuld und Schuldgefühl ist bei psychisch Erkrankten schwer, da sie zum Perspektivenwechsel, der auch für Vergebung wichtig ist, oft nicht in der Lage sind. Therapeutisch gilt es, einen straffreien wertneutralen Raum für das befreiende Aussprechen von Schuldgefühlen atmosphärisch zu ermöglichen.
State Authority in Appointing ASN: Comparison of Issues between KPK Employees and Honorary Teachers
Authors: Khasna Syarifa , Diniyanto Ayon 
Published: October 2022

Government Regulation No. 41 of 2020 on the Transfer of Employees of the Corruption Eradication Commission into Civil Servants unilaterally makes KPK employees as ASN. In fact, not all KPK employees are willing to be ASN and there is public rejection of the policy. On the other hand, there are honorary teacher want to be appointed as ASN. Until now there is no certainty of transfer of honorary teacher status to ASN. Although there has been policy related to the appointment of honorary teachers to become ASN, but the policy is different from the policy transferring status of KPK employees to ASN. This study aims to find the motives of the state to transferring KPK employee status into ASN and find policy differences in the appointment of ASN between KPK employees and honorary teachers. This research showed that the transfer of KPK employee status to ASN has pros and cons motives. The pro motive is that the transfer of KPK employee status to ASN aims to have (1) KPK employees well coordinated; and (2) the need for ASN support to KPK as part of KPK strengthening. The counter motive sees the transfer of KPK employee status to ASN as an effort to control KPK and strengthen the independence of KPK employees or weaken KPK. Meanwhile, ASN appointment policy inequality between KPK employees and honorary teachers has not been in accordance with the principles of equality right and economic equality.
Transovarial Infection of Dengue Virus in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Authors: Wanti Wanti , Isnawati Isnawati , Respati Titik 
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a significant health problem. Including in Kupang City. The existence of transovarial infection of Dengue virus is essential to know to support the prevention to be more effective and efficient. This study aimed to determine the existence of transovarial infectious and the serotypes variability of Dengue virus in Aedes sp in Kupang City. This observational research took place in nine villages in Kupang City in 2017. Where 20 houses in each village are observed to collect Aedes sp eggs. Cluster sampling was conducted to choose houses with DHF cases and surrounding areas 100 m from the cases. Ovitrap and Ovistrip were used to collect Aedes sp eggs, then Aedes sp eggs are reared in Parasitology Laboratory UGM. Adults mosquitoes from rearing were observed the transovarial Infection and Dengue Virus Serotype by One Step RT-PCR followed by nested PCR. This research found a transovarial infection in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus and for Denvir-2 and Denvir-3. This finding is a change from previous findings in the same place where only Denvir-1 was transmitted transovarially in Aedes sp.
The Affecting Factors of Compliance Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Treatment in Pandemic Era
Authors: Febrinasari Ratih Puspita , Solikah Tri Agusti , Nasirochmi Dyonisa , Dilma’aarij Dilma’aarij 
Published: October 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the non-communicable diseases that cause serious health problems. This chronic disease requires lifelong treatment to prevent complications and death. In the pandemic era, DM became comorbid that contributed to the death rate in Covid-19 cases, so that patients with type 2 DM become important to comply with the treatment underway. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the treatment compliance in patients with DM type 2 at the Purwodiningratan primary health care, Surakarta. Method: This study was conducted in 2020 used an analytical method with crosssectional design. Populations were all of the patients who experience DM type 2, sampling techniques used total sampling with 108 respondents. Univariate, bivariate analysis, and logistic regression were used in this study. Compliance levels measured used the MMAS-8 questionnaire. Result: The results of this study were obtained from several independent variables that related to compliance with DM type 2 treatment. The descriptive analysis result of patient compliance showed that 70.4% of patients were obedient. The significant variable was the side effects on DM drugs with (OR = -0.44; 95% CI = -0.74 - 0.15; p = 0.003). Conclusion: Most of the patients were adherent to the treatment and the most influencing factor was the side effect of the drug.
Obesity risk is associated with brain glucose uptake and insulin resistance
Authors: Pekkarinen Laura , Kantonen Tatu , Rebelos Eleni , Latva-Rasku Aino , Dadson Prince , Karjalainen Tomi , Bucci Marco , Kalliokoski Kari , Laitinen Kirsi , Houttu Noora , Kirjavainen Anna K , Rajander Johan , Rönnemaa Tapani , Nummenmaa Lauri , Nuutila Pirjo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
To investigate whether alterations in brain glucose uptake (BGU), insulin action in the brain–liver axis and whole-body insulin sensitivity occur in young adults in pre-obese state.

Methods
Healthy males with either high risk (HR; n  = 19) or low risk (LR; n  = 22) for developing obesity were studied with [18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG)–positron emission tomography during hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp. Obesity risk was assessed according to BMI, physical activity and parental overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. Brain, skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue (BAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal and femoral s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) glucose uptake (GU) rates were measured. Endogenous glucose production (EGP) was calculated by subtracting the exogenous glucose infusion rate from the rate of disappearance of [18F]FDG. BGU was analyzed using statistical parametric mapping, and peripheral tissue activity was determined using Carimas Software imaging processing platform.

Results
BGU was higher in the HR vs LR group and correlated inversely with whole-body insulin sensitivity (M value) in the HR group but not in the LR group. Insulin-suppressed EGP did not differ between the groups but correlated positively with BGU in the whole population, and the correlation was driven by the HR group. Skeletal muscle, BAT, VAT, abdominal and femoral SAT GU were lower in the HR group as compared to the LR group. Muscle GU correlated negatively with BGU in the HR group but not in the LR group.

Conclusion
Increased BGU, alterations in insulin action in the brain–liver axis and decreased whole-body insulin sensitivity occur early in pre-obese state.
Respiratory Mechanics and Gas Exchange in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with COVID-19
Authors: Ibadov R. A. , Sabirov D. M. , Ibragimov S. Kh. , Burkhonov B. B. , Ibadov R. R. 
Published: October 2022

Aim. To compare respiratory mechanics and gas exchange in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with and without COVID-19.Material and methods. We examined 96 patients, who were divided into two groups. The main group included 48 patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS. The control group included 48 patients with ARDS not associated with COVID-19. Most characteristic patients were selected for the following baseline parameters: age, sex, SAPS II score, disease severity, plateau pressure (Pplateau), oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂), and arterial-alveolar oxygen gradient (A-aO₂). Respiratory mechanics and gas exchange parameters assessed immediately after ARDS diagnosis and on days 1, 3 and 7 of treatment included arterial oxygen (PaO₂) and carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) pressure, tidal volume (Vt), respiratory rate (RR), respiratory minute volume (RMV), positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), and Pplateau.Results. Patients in the main group had higher Vt (9.7 vs. 5.1 ml/kg, P<0.001), RR (38 vs. 30 min-1, P<0.001), and RMV (27.7 vs. 10.5 l/min, P<0.001). Control group patients showed hypercapnia (PaCO₂ 43 vs. 38 mmHg, P<0.001), lower respiratory compliance (30 vs. 48 ml/cm H₂O, P<0.001) and ventilation ratio (VR) (1.5 vs. 2.0, P<0.01). Lower PEEP values were required for patients in the main group. However, despite the higher rate of tracheal intubation in the control group (50% vs 16.7%) in the initial period of intensive care, the proportion of patients receiving invasive lung ventilation was significantly higher in the main group (33.3% vs.14.6%) by day 7.Conclusion. The initial phase (the first 7 days) of ARDS associated with COVID-19 is characterized by higher values of Vt, RR and RMV, as well as lung compliance vs «typical» ARDS with almost identical PaO₂/FiO₂ values.