bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Genomic Analysis of Single Circulating Tumor Cell Using Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase and Desmoglein‐2
Authors: Song Jae Won , Suh Jungyo , Lee Seok Won , Yoo Jung Ki , Lee Uijeong , Han Jang Hee , Kwak Cheol , Kang Minyong , Kim Yi Rang , Jeong Chang Wook , Choi Jin Woo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs epithelial cells in the circulation are considered to originate from the tumor, the epithelial cell adhesion molecule has been commonly used as a standard marker for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) isolation. However, it seems to disappear after the epithelial–mesenchymal transition that most cancer cells undergo for intravasation. Thus, more advanced techniques for CTC detection are needed to better understand the clinical significance of CTCs. A cancer cell‐specifically‐infecting or replicating virus that codes a fluorescent monitor gene can be a solution to efficiently detect CTCs. Thus, the authors designed an adenovirus to bind to desmoglein‐2, which is highly expressed in most cancer cells. A cancer‐specific human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter is inserted to control a viral E1 region. The adenovirus is utilized to compare the number of CTCs from renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer patients before and after surgery. The isolated two or three CTCs are eligible for whole genome sequencing. The genomic analysis proves the difference of variants between primary tumors and CTCs. Taken together, it is a fast and exact serial method for CTC isolation and the enriched genome sequencing may be used to determine the prognosis and as a point‐of‐care system for patients with cancer.
Damage‐Free Charge Transfer Doping of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Channels by van der Waals Stamping of MoO3 and LiF
Authors: Cho Yongjae , lee Sol , Cho Hyunmin , Kang Donghee , Yi Yeonjin , Kim Kwanpyo , Park Ji Hoon , Im Seongil 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo dope 2D semiconductor channels, charge‐transfer doping has generally been done by thermal deposition of inorganic or organic thin‐film layers on top of the 2D channel in bottom‐gate field‐effect transistors (FETs). The doping effects are reproducible in most cases. However, such thermal deposition will damage the surface of 2D channels due to the kinetic energy of depositing atoms, causing hysteresis or certain degradation. Here, a more desirable charge‐transfer doping process is suggested. A damage‐free charge‐transfer doping is conducted for 2D MoTe2 (or MoS2) channels using a polydimethylsiloxane stamp. MoO3 or LiF is initially deposited on the stamp as a doping medium. Hysteresis‐minimized transfer characteristics are achieved from stamp‐doped FETs, while other devices with direct thermal deposition‐doped channels show large hysteresis. The stamping method seems to induce a van der Waals‐like damage‐free interface between the channel and doping media. The stamp‐induced doping is also well applied for a MoTe2‐based complementary inverter because MoO3‐ and LiF‐doping by separate stamps effectively modifies two ambipolar MoTe2 channels to p‐ and n‐type, respectively.
Long‐term tropospheric ozone concentrations and associated meteorological and emissions variables at a suburban monitoring station in Dallas‐Fort Worth, Texas
Authors: Hudak Paul F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study portrayed and analyzed long‐term tropospheric (ground‐level) ozone concentrations and associated meteorological and emissions variables at a predominantly downwind suburban monitoring location in the Dallas‐Fort Worth, Texas, USA metropolitan area. Maximum daily 8‐h average ozone concentrations (MDA8), number of days with MDA8 ozone exceeding 70 ppb, maximum outside air temperature, noon relative humidity and wind speed, noon vapor pressure deficit, and average oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were compiled for each day in July and August from 1998 to 2021. MDA8 ozone had an overall downward trend with less variability through time. Each meteorological and emissions variable significantly correlated with MDA8 ozone. MDA8 ozone most strongly correlated with noon relative humidity (negative association), followed by vapor pressure deficit (positive association), average NOx (positive association), maximum temperature (positive association), and noon wind speed (negative association). MDA8 ozone trended downward despite substantial increases in population and vehicle miles traveled in the 10‐county study area over the past 24 years. Decreasing ozone concentrations reflect decreased NOx emissions, which also trended downward over the period of study, whereas meteorological variables showed no clear temporal trend. Results show positive emission reductions outcomes, key ozone associations, and baseline tendencies despite regional decreases in NOx emissions.
Effect of sunlight and salinity on the survival of pathogenic and non‐pathogenic strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in water microcosms
Authors: Sami Zaafrane , Kaouthar Maatouk , Nadia Cherif , Hedi Ben Mansour 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe effect of sunlight and salinities (10, 20, 39, and 60 psu) on the survival of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains carrying either (thermostable direct hemolysin) tdh, the (thermostable related hemolysin) trh, and both or none of them were studied in water microcosms stabilized at 20°C using plate count agar and acridine orange direct viable count. All V. parahaemolyticus strains exposed to sunlight rapidly lose their culturability and evolve into a viable but non‐culturable state (VBNC). However, the tdh positive strains remain more culturable than the non‐virulent or trh positive strain but statically insignificant. At tested salinities, the survival time was higher at 10, 20, and 60 psu compared with that observed in seawater (39 psu). In seawater under dark condition, Vibrio strains remain culturable for up to 200 days with a significant difference between strains (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the non‐pathogenic strain survives longer than the virulent ones. At different salinities, a better adaptation is observed at 10 and 20 psu compared with 39 and 60 psu. Resuscitations essays performed on VBNC bacteria in a nutrient broth at 20°C and 37°C does not show any revivification.Practitioner Points

Effect of sunlight and salinities on the survival of V. parahaemolyticus in the marine environment.
Resuscitation essay performed on viable but no cultivable bacteria.
Microscope motility examines show that all strains exposed to sunlight remain motile after the loss of cultivability.
ZZ production at nNNLO+PS with MiNNLOPS
Authors: Buonocore Luca , Koole Gabriël , Lombardi Daniele , Rottoli Luca , Wiesemann Marius , Zanderighi Giulia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We consider ZZ production in hadronic collisions and present state-of-the-art predictions in QCD perturbation theory matched to parton showers. Next-to-next-to-leading order corrections to the quark-initiated channel are combined with parton showers using the MiNNLOPS method, while next-to-leading order corrections to the loop-induced gluon fusion channel are matched using the Powheg method. Their combination, dubbed nNNLO+PS, constitutes the best theoretical description of ZZ events to date. Spin correlations, interferences and off-shell effects are included by calculating the full process pp → ℓ+ℓ−ℓ(′)+ℓ(′)−. We show the crucial impact of higher-order corrections for both quark- and gluon-initiated processes as well as the relevance of the parton shower in certain kinematical regimes. Our predictions are in very good agreement with recent LHC data.
Gegenbauer Goldstones
Authors: Durieux Gauthier , McCullough Matthew , Salvioni Ennio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We investigate radiatively stable classes of pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) potentials for approximate spontaneously broken SO(N + 1) → SO(N). Using both the one-loop effective action and symmetry, it is shown that a Gegenbauer polynomial potential is radiatively stable, being effectively an ‘eigenfunction’ from a radiative perspective. In Gegenbauer pNGB models, one naturally and automatically obtains v ∝ f/n, where n ∈ 2ℤ is the order of the Gegenbauer polynomial. For a Gegenbauer Higgs boson, this breaks the usual correlation between Higgs coupling corrections and ‘v/f’ tuning. Based on this, we argue that to conclusively determine whether or not the Higgs is a composite pNGB in scenarios with up to $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(10%) fine-tuning will require going beyond both the Higgs coupling precision and heavy resonance mass reach of the High-Luminosity LHC.
Spray drift-based pesticide residues on untreated edible crops grown near agricultural areas
Authors: Bolz Hannah , Sieke Christian , Michalski Britta , Schäfer Ralf B. , Kubiak Roland 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe aimed to quantify spray drift-based exposure of fruits and vegetables grown in gardens or allotments next to agricultural areas to plant protection products (PPP). The amount of spray drift transported into gardens during the treatment of tall growing crops or field crops was simulated. Two different test systems in an outdoor wind tunnel were used, approximating conditions for the application to both crop types. For the experiments, strawberries, tomatoes and lettuce were used representing non-target food crops in gardens. After spraying, distance-related residues of the tracer pyranine were measured on the three food crops positioned 1–15 m downwind in the non-target area. Additionally, petri dishes were placed in front of the food crops to measure the ground deposition concurrently. For both scenarios, good correlation of residues on the non-target food crops and the ground deposition was found (linear regression model, R2 = 0.88–0.97). But unlike the field crops scenario, the experimental setup of the tall growing crops shows large deviations from the field situation, not allowing the transfer of the results to the field situation. The results of the wind tunnel experiments and of field trials on ground deposition were used to estimate the amount of PPP residues on food crops cultivated near agricultural fields. For example, application of a pesticide (1.3 kg active ingredient per ha−1) to field crops was estimated to result in residue levels of 0.39 mg kg−1 on lettuce, 0.32 mg kg−1 on strawberries, and 0.06 mg kg−1 on tomatoes cultivated 5 m from the field, thus indicating an exceedance of the default maximum residue level (MRL) (0.01 mg kg−1). Therefore, further in-depth studies are required to broaden the range of non-target crops and to refine the tall growing crop scenario to allow estimations of spray drift-based residues.
Biomechanical comparison of acetabular fracture fixation with stand-alone THA or in combination with plating
Authors: Wenzel Lisa , Sandriesser Sabrina , Glowalla Claudio , Gueorguiev Boyko , Perl Mario , Stuby Fabian M. , Augat Peter , Hungerer Sven 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
A common surgical treatment in anterior column acetabular fractures with preexisting osteoarthritis is THA, which is commonly combined with plate osteosynthesis. Implantation of a solitary revision cup cranially fixed to the os ilium is less common. The purpose of this study was to compare the stabilization of anterior column acetabular fractures fixed with a cranial socket revision cup with flange and iliac peg or with a suprapectineal plate osteosynthesis combined with an additional revision cup.

Methods
In 20 human hemipelves, an anterior column fracture was stabilized by either a cranial socket revision cup with integrated flange (CF = Cup with Flange) or by a suprapectineal plate combined with a revision cup (CP = Cup and Plate). Each specimen was loaded under a stepwise increasing dynamic load protocol. Initial construct stiffness, interfragmentary movements along the fracture line, as well as femoral head movement in relation to the acetabulum were analyzed.

Results
Both groups showed comparable initial construct stiffness (CP: 3180 ± 1162 N/mm and CF: 3754 ± 668 N/mm; p = 0.158). At an applied load of 1400 N, interfragmentary movements at the acetabular (p = 0.139) and the supraacetabular region (p = 0.051) revealed comparable displacement for both groups and remained below 1 mm. Femoral head movement in relation to the acetabulum also remained below 1 mm for both test groups (p = 0.260).

Conclusion
From a biomechanical point of view, both surgical approaches showed comparable fracture reduction in terms of initial construct stiffness and interfragmentary movement. The potential benefit of the less-invasive cranial socket revision cup has to be further investigated in clinical studies.
Comparison of retropubic tension-free vaginal tape inserted on two different height positions
Authors: Pawlaczyk Anna , Wąż Piotr , Matuszewski Marcin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Surgical treatment using the mid-urethral tape has become a gold standard in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women. Many urogynecologists use ultrasound during the postoperative follow-up. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the position of the tape in the mid- or distal-urethra could influence the subjective assessment after surgery in 1-month control based on questionnaires of genitourinary symptoms, UDI6-SF and VAS scale.

Methods
A group of 76 patients using a synthetic tension-free retropubic vaginal tape after anti-incontinence surgery was retrospectively included in this study. In a postoperative follow-up, the synthetic tape detection was performed using introital ultrasound, and its position was determined as a quotient T/U (T = distance between the external urethral orifice and the lower edge of the tape, U = urethral length). The patients were divided into two groups of 38 patients: one group with the position of the tape in the distal urethra (T/U ≤ 0.24) and the other group with the tape localised in the mid-urethra (T/U = 0.25–0.37). The correlation between the height of the tape position and the subjective assessment was evaluated in both groups of patients in the 1-month control.

Results
No association was found between the height of the tape position in a group of patients after anti-incontinence surgery with a T/U value not exceeding 0.375 and the subjective assessment or the value of Vres.

Conclusions
The height of the tape position, with the T/U not exceeding 0.375, has no impact on the subjective assessment of the surgical anti-incontinence treatment in 1-month control.
Three-year follow-up of a self-administered Australian pelvic floor questionnaire validated in Chinese pregnant and postpartum women
Authors: Hou Yuqing , Tong Baoqin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
The aim of this study was to verify whether the Chinese version of the self-administered Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire (APFQ) can assess the changes in symptoms over a long time period (responsiveness) and to verify the reliability and validity of the questionnaire after 3 years of follow-up.

Methods
The questionnaire was completed by 146 women using the WeChat platform after 3 years of follow-up. Reliability was assessed through internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha). Construct validity was evaluated by significantly distinguished differences in symptom scores between women who did and did not subjectively suffer bothersome symptoms. Responsiveness was evaluated in 146 women. The effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM) were used to assess the degree of responsiveness.

Results
Of the 146 women, all completed the questionnaire through the WeChat platform without missing any items. Reliability, Cronbach’s alpha for the four domains and total APFQ were: bladder function 0.78, bowel function 0.71, pelvic organ prolapse 0.78, sexual function 0.68 and total APFQ 0.84. Concerning construct validity, the APFQ significantly distinguished the symptom scores between women who did and did not subjectively suffer from bothersome symptoms, and the score difference was 1.1–1.6 points, 1.2 points, 2.0–3.7 points and 1.4 points, respectively. For responsiveness, three domains showed slight (bowel domain) to moderate (bladder domain, sex domain) sensitivity to change. ES and SRM ranged from 0.21 to 0.75 and 0.16 to 0.60, respectively.

Conclusions
The Chinese version of the self-administered APFQ is reliable and valid and can monitor the changes in symptoms over time.
Discrimination of Tilletia controversa from the T. caries/T. laevis complex by MALDI-TOF MS analysis of teliospores
Authors: Forster Monika K. , Sedaghatjoo Somayyeh , Maier Wolfgang , Killermann Berta , Niessen Ludwig 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The fungal genus Tilletia includes a large number of plant pathogens of Poaceae. Only a few of those cause bunt of wheat, but these species can lead to significant yield losses in crop production worldwide. Due to quarantine regulations and specific disease control using appropriate seed treatments for the different disease agents, it is of high importance to distinguish Tilletia caries and Tilletia laevis as causal agents of common bunt accurately from Tilletia controversa, the causal agent of the dwarf bunt. Several studies have shown that matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a useful tool to differentiate closely related fungal species. The aim of this study was to assess whether MALDI-TOF MS analysis is able to distinguish specimens of the three closely related pathogens T. caries, T. laevis, and T. controversa and whether it may constitute an alternative method to the morphology-based identification or germination tests. Spectral data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD030401. Spectra-based hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) of the obtained mass spectra showed two main clusters. One cluster included specimens of T. controversa, whereas the second cluster comprised T. laevis and T. caries specimens. Even though main spectral profiles (MSPs) for species identification are missing, MALDI-TOF MS has proven to be a useful method for distinguishing between T. controversa and the two causal agents of common bunt, using direct analysis of teliospores, but was unable to separate T. caries and T. laevis species.

Key points
• MALDI-TOF MS was developed to classify Tilletia species causing bunt of wheat.
• Best results were achieved when combining HCA and DAPC analysis.
• The method resulted in an accuracy of 98.51% testing 67 Tilletia specimens.

Graphical abstract
Orbits of N-expansions with a finite set of digits
Authors: de Jonge Jaap , Kraaikamp Cor , Nakada Hitoshi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFor$$N \in {\mathbb {N}}_{\ge 2}$$N∈N≥2and$$\alpha \in {\mathbb {R}}$$α∈Rsuch that$$0 < \alpha \le \sqrt{N}-1$$0<α≤N-1, we define$$I_\alpha :=[\alpha ,\alpha +1]$$Iα:=[α,α+1]and$$I_\alpha ^-:=[\alpha ,\alpha +1)$$Iα-:=[α,α+1)and investigate the continued fraction map$$T_{\alpha }:I_{\alpha }\rightarrow I_{\alpha }^-$$Tα:Iα→Iα-, which is defined as$$T_{\alpha }(x):= \frac{N}{x}-d(x),$$Tα(x):=Nx-d(x),where$$d: I_{\alpha }\rightarrow {\mathbb {N}}$$d:Iα→Nis defined by$$d(x):=\left\lfloor \frac{N}{x} -\alpha \right\rfloor $$d(x):=Nx-α. For$$N\in {\mathbb {N}}_{\ge 7}$$N∈N≥7, for certain values of$$\alpha $$α, open intervals$$(a,b) \subset I_{\alpha }$$(a,b)⊂Iαexist such that for almost every$$x \in I_{\alpha }$$x∈Iαthere is an$$n_0 \in {\mathbb {N}}$$n0∈Nfor which$$T_{\alpha }^n(x)\notin (a,b)$$Tαn(x)∉(a,b)for all$$n\ge n_0$$n≥n0. Thesegaps(a, b) are investigated using the square$$\varUpsilon _\alpha :=I_{\alpha }\times I_{\alpha }^-$$Υα:=Iα×Iα-, where theorbits$$T_{\alpha }^k(x), k=0,1,2,\ldots $$Tαk(x),k=0,1,2,…of numbers$$x \in I_{\alpha }$$x∈Iαare represented as cobwebs. The squares$$\varUpsilon _\alpha $$Υαare the union offundamental regions, which are related to the cylinder sets of the map$$T_{\alpha }$$Tα, according to the finitely many values ofdin$$T_{\alpha }$$Tα. In this paper some clear conditions are found under which$$I_{\alpha }$$Iαis gapless. If$$I_{\alpha }$$Iαconsists of at least five cylinder sets, it is always gapless. In the case of four cylinder sets there are usually no gaps, except for the rare cases that there is one, very wide gap. Gaplessness in the case of two or three cylinder sets depends on the position of the endpoints of$$I_{\alpha }$$Iαwith regard to the fixed points of$$I_{\alpha }$$Iαunder$$T_{\alpha }$$Tα.
Die WHO-Klassifikation der Tumoren des zentralen Nervensystems 2021
Authors: Weller Michael , Knobbe-Thomsen Christiane B. , Le Rhun Emilie , Reifenberger Guido 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) herausgegebene Klassifikation der Tumoren des zentralen Nervensystems (ZNS) wurde 2016 überarbeitet, um molekulare Biomarker aufzunehmen, die für die Diagnosestellung und klinische Entscheidungsfindung wichtig sind. Danach verfeinerte ein internationales Konsortium die ZNS-Tumor-Klassifikation durch einige Empfehlungen, die aktuell in die neue WHO-Klassifikation 2021 eingeflossen sind.FragestellungWelche Neuerungen in der WHO-Klassifikation 2021 haben direkte Auswirkungen auf die Diagnostik und Behandlung von erwachsenen Patienten mit diffusen Gliomen?Material und MethodenDie diagnostischen Kriterien der WHO-Klassifikation 2021 für diffuse Gliome wurden bezüglich dieser Fragestellung untersucht.ErgebnisseMutationen in den Isocitratdehydrogenase(IDH)-Genen 1 oder 2 spielen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Klassifikation von Gliomen. Unter den IDH-mutierten Gliomen identifiziert der Verlust der nukleären ATRX-Expression IDH-mutierte Astrozytome, während der Nachweis einer 1p/19q-Kodeletion für Oligodendrogliome diagnostisch ist. Die Nomenklatur für das IDH-mutierte Glioblastom wurde in Astrozytom, IDH-mutiert, ZNS-WHO-Grad 4 geändert. Die homozygote Deletion desCDKN2A/B-Genlocus ist ein molekularer Marker für diese Tumoren. Die Bezeichnungen „anaplastisches Astrozytom“ bzw. „anaplastisches Oligodendrogliom“ für IDH-mutierte Gliome des ZNS-WHO-Grads 3 entfallen. Diffuse astrozytäre Gliome ohne IDH-Mutation, die eine Mutation im Promotor des Telomerase-Reverse-Transkriptase(TERT)-Gens, eine Amplifikation des epidermalen Wachstumsfaktorrezeptorgens (EGFR), einen kombinierten Gewinn von Chromosom 7 und Verlust von Chromosom 10 (+7/−10) oder mehrere dieser Veränderungen aufweisen, werden jetzt als Glioblastom, IDH-Wildtyp, ZNS-WHO-Grad 4 klassifiziert, auch wenn histologisch weder pathologische Gefäßproliferate noch Nekrosen nachweisbar sind. Zudem wurden neue Gliome vom pädiatrischen Typ eingeführt, die vornehmlich bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen auftreten und von den o. g. häufigen Gliomen vom adulten Typ differenziert werden.DiskussionDie WHO-Klassifikation 2021 hat neben neuen Tumortypen auch grundlegende Veränderungen auf dem Boden neuer molekularpathologischer Erkenntnisse berücksichtigt, welche die diagnostische Präzision erhöhen und die klinische Versorgung durch modifizierte Behandlungsempfehlungen verbessern. Die neue Klassifikation hat zudem große Auswirkungen auf das Design zukünftiger klinischer Studien in der Neuroonkologie.