bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors for hypothyroidy after hemithyroidectomy
Authors: Chaabouni Mohamed Amine , Sellami Moncef , Jameleddine Esma , Kharrat Rania , Thabet Wadii , Mnejja Malek , Hammami Boutheina , Ayadi Sirine , Achour Imen , Charfeddine Ilhem 
Published: November 2022

Background: Hemithyroidectomy is one of the most common procedures performed. It is used to treat patients with benign unilateral nodules. Hemithyroidectomy results in fewer risks of hypothyroidism and the need for thyroid hormone replacement therapy. The present study was designed to identify potential clinicopathologic risk factors associated with the onset of biochemical hypothyroidism. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who underwent hemithyroidectomy between 2004 and 2019. Hypothyroidism was defined as a serum thyrotropin level greater than 5 mIU/L. The patients were analyzed for age, sex, preoperative and postoperative thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), state, side, and volume of the remaining lobe, and histologic diagnosis. Results: Hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 30.8% of 214 patients. This complication appeared in the first year in 83.3% of the cases. A preoperative TSH level greater than 1.32 mIU/l, a remaining volume of the lobe less than 3 ml, and the presence of thyroiditis were associated with a significant increase in the risk of developing hypothyroidism (p<0.01). There were no significant differences in age, sex, state, and side of the remaining lobe. The mean thyroxine dose was 57 ± 26 micrograms. Conclusions: The risk of hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy should be assessed prior to surgery. Close monitoring is recommended in patients at high risk of developing this complication. However, all patients who undergo hemithyroidectomy should be monitored at least for the first year.
Comparison of mobile health education messages verses face-to-face consultation for weight reduction among overweight female adolescents in Thailand
Authors: Wongtongtair Supim , Iamsupasit Sompoch , Somrongthong Ratana , Kumar Ramesh , Yamarat Khemika 
Published: November 2022

Background: Obesity is considered a significant public health problem in Thailand. This study was conducted to compare the impact of mobile health education messages verses face-to-face consultation on weight reduction among overweight female university students. Methods: This Quasi-experimental study comprised three groups: a control group, a group receiving mobile health education, and a group receiving face-to-face consultation. Each group contained 26 participants taking part over a period of 12 weeks, with a 12-week follow-up thereafter. The data analysis used two-way repeated measures ANOVA with least significant difference testing. The study was ethically approved at Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. Results: The results revealed that the intervention found significant results in weight reduction among the respondents (p < 0.05). In addition, both intervention groups significantly improved their health belief, social support, and health behavior scores in comparison to the control group (p < 0.001). The results show that the average scores for social support for eating and exercise at baseline were significantly lower than at post-intervention or follow-up (p < 0.001). In addition, the results of both aspects of social support showed that the average social support score at post-intervention was significantly higher than at follow-up. Furthermore, the health behavior score measured post-intervention was higher than at follow-up. There was a statistically significant difference in average metabolism during physical activity (p < 0.001) but no statistical difference in average eating behavior score. Conclusion: The study found that the use of mobile health education to deliver health programs facilitates communication between the healthcare provider and individual, and can empower adolescent females in their pursuit of weight loss by improving their attitudes and knowledge, leading to better health behavior. Keywords Electronic health education, Facebook, health education, health belief model, social support, obesity, Thailand, health behaviors
A biopsychosocial approach to death, dying, and bereavement: a course on end-of-life education for medical students
Authors: Kripalani Simran , Joy Sandra , Raizada Shivani , Cerceo Elizabeth 
Published: November 2022

Background: Despite the inevitable nature of death and dying, the conversations surrounding this subject are still uncomfortable for many physicians and medical students. Methods: A six-week humanities-based course, “A Biopsychosocial Approach to Death, Dying, & Bereavement,” at Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, United States, which covers definitions of death and dying, the process of dying, ethical dilemmas, and new concepts of the grieving process. Through development of a curriculum using various academic and medical literature and resources, we sought to bring attention to the necessity of having a medical education curriculum on death and dying to prepare medical students for the difficult conversations and patient experiences that lie ahead of them. Qualitative data in the form of surveys and reflection papers submitted by students and quantitative data (Likert scores on course satisfaction) were collected and analyzed both pre- and post-course. Results: 90.7% (49/54) of the respondents answered that they agree or strongly agree with the statement that this selective course was useful in the student’s medical education experience. The top three qualitative themes brought up the most in reflection papers (n=54) were: the utility and instruction of the course (21 times), the importance of hospice and palliative care (20 times), avoidance around topics of death (15 times). Conclusions: Medical students are often not prepared to cope with the realities of patient loss and of caring for the patient and their families throughout the dying process. We created this course to familiarize medical students with an aspect of the medical experience that is frequently neglected in traditional medical curricula. We learned that integrating such a course can help educate medical students facilitate important conversations, teach them to act with kindness and dignity in a physician-patient setting, and enhance their personal understanding of death and dying.
The use of Karelian language online: Current trends and challenges
Authors: Moshnikov Ilia 
Published: November 2022

This article looks to analyze the use of the Karelian language on the internet and especially on social media platforms. The study is based on a survey carried out among Karelian speakers at the end of 2021. The survey was implemented in the Karelian language and received 161 responses, mostly from Finland, but also from Russia and other countries. The survey consists of questions related to the use of Karelian in daily life and online. The benefits, challenges, and needs related to the use of Karelian online are also explored. The results show that 40% of the respondents use the Karelian language online on a daily basis. Karelian is visible on all of the popular social media platforms, with the most popular being Facebook and Instagram, although the use of TikTok is still rare. However, it is considered that popular social media platforms would benefit from more content in Karelian, in order to support the visibility and revitalization of the Karelian language.
Kokkuvõte. Ilia Moshnikov: Karjala keele kasutus veebis: hetkeseis ja väljakutsed. Artikkel analüüsib karjala keele kasutust internetis, keskendudes eriti sotsiaalmeedia platvormidele. Uurimus põhineb andmetel, mis on kogutud karjala keele kõnelejatelt 2021. a lõpus. Küsitlusele vastas 161 informanti, peamiselt Soomest, aga ka Venemaalt ja mujalt. Küsitlus oli koostatud karjala keeles. Esitatud küsimused puudutavad karjala keele kasutamist igapäevaelus ja veebis. Uuritakse ka seda, mida peetakse karjala keele veebis kasutamisel kasulikuks, mida aga väljakutseks, samuti vajadusi, mis karjala keele veebis kasutamisel esile tõusevad. Tulemused näitavad, et 40% vastanutest kasutab karjala keelt veebis igapäevaselt. Karjala keel on esil kõikidel populaarsetel sotsiaalmeedia platvormidel, mille hulgast tõusevad esile Facebook ja Instagram. Seevastu TikTokis kasutatakse karjala keelt veel harva. Peetakse vajalikuks, et populaarsetel sotsiaalmeedia platvormidel oleks rohkem karjalakeelset sisu, sest see toetaks karjala keele nähtavust ja revitalisatsiooni.
Przejście na ty jako demokratyzacja w języku polskim. Analiza danych ankietowych
Authors: Kawamoto Yumeko 
Published: November 2022

TRANSITION TO FIRST-NAME BASIS AS DEMOCRATIZATION IN POLISH LANGUAGE: ANALYSIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY RESPONSES
The topic of this paper is transition to first-name basis (przejście na ty) in Polish, which one of the most important research topics in the field of Polish linguistic politeness. The transition to first-name basis can be seen as a phenomenon of democratization in language, because, as some of the Polish linguists describe, it creates a sense of equality, which is one of the basic elements of democracy. The results of a multi-stage survey proved that, in general, Polish people positively evaluate the contemporary tendency of faster transition to first-name basis. The analysis of the comments from the questionnaire survey showed that many people consider this tendency as a positive phenomenon in linguistic communication and treat it as an effective way of reducing the unnecessary distance which exists between interlocutors. However, it is worth keeping in mind that there are also negative effects of an inconsiderate decision to move to first-name basis, as mentioned by some of the survey respondents. This study has shown that the combination of several methods allows researchers to take a fresh perspective on the dynamic process of democratization in language and its perception among the users of a given language.
Content Marketing Analysis of Body Positivity Campaign on Instagram:
Authors: Swastika Gabriela , Audrey Felicia , Purnomo Felita 
Published: November 2022

Women often lack confidence in their body shape. Apart from the lack of confidence, women’s bodies are also the target of humiliation and harassment, such as body shaming, especially on social media. With these problems, various organizations and business enterprises have sprung up. One of them is Nipplets, an online shop that sells lingerie. Nipplets has launched a “Real People Real Body” (RPRB) campaign to involve their customers as models to represent lingerie products. The problem formulation in this study is how to analyze the content of the RPRB campaign on the @nipplets_official Instagram account. This study aims to determine the role of the RPRB campaign in Nipplets content marketing using posts, hashtags #realpeoplerealbody, and tags or mentions. The theoretical foundations used in this study include representation, campaign theory, and social media marketing. This study used a descriptive approach within the textual analysis. The RPRB I campaign was an initiative to spread awareness of body positivity. The RPRB II campaign was considered successful in symbolizing the muse. In contrast, the RPRB III campaign was a continuation of the campaign using relevant tags consistently and in line with images and captions. The RPRB campaign trilogy by Nipplets has completed the interaction, which can be marked by customers wearing Nipplets lingerie products. The RPRB I, II, and III involvement support the marketing of Nipplets lingerie to answer the phenomenon of humiliating women’s bodies in Indonesia.
Designing broadband dispersive mirrors in the mid-infrared spectral range: a theoretical study
Authors: Amochkina Tatiana , Trubetskov Michael 
Published: November 2022

The study reports practically
important and interesting
results on designing dispersive mirrors (DMs) operating in the
mid-infrared spectral range from 3 to 18 µm. The admissible
domains of the most important design specifications, the mirror
bandwidth and group delay variation, were constructed. Estimations of
the required total coating thickness, thickness of the thickest layer,
and expected number of layers are obtained. The results are confirmed
by an analysis of several hundreds of DM design solutions.
Realization of optical fiber regenerated gratings by rapid cooling and split annealing
Authors: Bhattacharya Sayantani , Biswas Palas , Canning John , Bandyopadhyay Somnath 
Published: November 2022

Rapid cooling, or quenching, during regeneration of seed gratings in standard single-mode silica optical fiber is explored. It is shown that regeneration can be broken up into stages in time. The novel, to the best of our knowledge, method of “split annealing” offers a unique tool for optimizing regeneration and studying fundamental glass science within a one-dimensional bi-material system. We demonstrate regeneration at temperatures as high as T = 1200°C for the first time as well as opening up an approach suited to batch processing of regenerated gratings.
Human Trypanosoma cruzi chronic infection leads to individual level steady-state parasitemia: Implications for drug-trial optimization in Chagas disease
Authors: De Salazar Pablo M. , Sosa-Estani Sergio , Salvador Fernando , Sulleiro Elena , Sánchez-Montalvá Adrián , Ribeiro Isabela , Molina Israel , Buckee Caroline O. 
Published: November 2022

Currently available drugs against Trypanosoma cruzi infection, which causes 12000 deaths annually, have limitations in their efficacy, safety and tolerability. The evaluation of therapeutic responses to available and new compounds is based on parasite detection in the bloodstream but remains challenging because a substantial proportion of infected individuals have undetectable parasitemia even when using diagnostic tools with the highest accuracy. We characterize parasite dynamics which might impact drug efficacy assessments in chronic Chagas by analyzing pre- and post-treatment quantitative-PCR data obtained from blood samples collected regularly over a year. We show that parasitemia remains at a steady-state independently of the diagnostic sensitivity. This steady-state can be probabilistically quantified and robustly predicted at an individual level. Furthermore, individuals can be assigned to categories with distinct parasitological status, allowing a more detailed evaluation of the efficacy outcomes and adjustment for potential biases. Our analysis improves understanding of parasite dynamics and provides a novel background for optimizing future drug efficacy trials in Chagas disease.
Trial Registration: original trial registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01489228.
Challenges in antenatal care utilization in Kandahar, Afghanistan: A cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Rahimi Bilal Ahmad , Mohamadi Enayatullah , Maku Muhibullah , Hemat Mohammad Dawood , Farooqi Khushhal , Mahboobi Bashir Ahmad , Mudaser Ghulam Mohayuddin , Taylor Walter R. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundQuality antenatal care (ANC) is one of the four pillars of safe motherhood initiatives and improves the survival and health of mother and neonate. The main objective of this study was to assess the barriers in the utilization of ANC services in Kandahar, Afghanistan.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted over one year from December 2018–November 2019. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi squared, and binary logistic regression.ResultsA total of 1524 women were recruited in this study with mean age of 30.3 years. Of these women, 848 (55.6%) were rural dwellers, 1450/1510 (96.0%) were illiterate, 438/608 (72.0%) belonged to low-income families, 1112/1508 (73.7%) lived in joint families, 1420/1484 (95.7%) lived in a house of >10 inhabitants, while 388/1494 (26.0%) had attended had at least one ANC visit during their last pregnancy. On univariate analysis, the main barriers in the utilization of ANC services were living in rural areas, being illiterate, having lower socio-economic status, remoteness of the health facility from home, bad behavior of clinic personnel, and unplanned pregnancy. Only lower socio-economic status and bad behavior of clinic personnel were independent explanatory variables in the regression model.ConclusionsUtilization of ANC services is inadequate in Kandahar province. Improving clinic staff professional behavior and status of women by expanding educational opportunities, and enhancing community awareness of the value of ANC are recommended.
Bone mineral density among virologically suppressed Asians older than 50 years old living with and without HIV: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wattanachanya Lalita , Sunthornyothin Sarat , Apornpong Tanakorn , Lwin Hay Mar Su , Kerr Stephen , Gatechompol Sivaporn , Han Win Min , Wichiansan Thanathip , Siwamongsatham Sarawut , Chattranukulchai Pairoj , Chaiwatanarat Tawatchai , Avihingsanon Anchalee ,   HIV-NAT 207/006 study team
Published: November 2022

There are limited data regarding bone health in older people living with HIV (PWH), especially those of Asian ethnicity. We aimed to determine whether BMD in well-suppressed HIV-infected men and women aged ≥ 50 years are different from HIV-uninfected controls. In a cross-sectional study, BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and calciotropic hormones were measured. A total of 481 participants were consecutively enrolled (209 HIV+ men, 88 HIV- men, 126 HIV+ women and 58 HIV- women). PWH were on average 2.5 years younger [men: 55.0 vs. 57.5 yr; women: 54.0 vs. 58.0 yr] and had lower body mass index (BMI) [men: 23.2 vs. 25.1 kg/m2; women: 23.1 vs. 24.7 kg/m2] compared to the controls. The median duration since HIV diagnosis was 19 (IQR 15–21) years in men and 18 (IQR 15–21) years in women. Three-quarters of PWH had been treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing antiretroviral therapy for a median time of 7.4 (IQR 4.5–8.9) years in men and 8.2 (IQR 6.1–10) years in women. In an unadjusted model, HIV+men had significantly lower BMD (g/cm2) at the total hip and femoral neck whereas there was a tend toward lower BMD in HIV+women. After adjusting for age, BMI, and other traditional osteoporotic risk factors, BMD of virologically suppressed older PWH did not differ from participants without HIV (P>0.1). PWH had lower serum 25(OH)D levels but this was not correlated with BMD. In conclusion, BMD in well-suppressed PWH is not different from non-HIV people, therefore, effective control of HIV infection and minimization of other traditional osteoporosis risk factors may help maintain good skeletal health and prevent premature bone loss in Asian PWH.
Clinical trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT00411983.
Recent HIV infections among newly diagnosed individuals living with HIV in rural Lesotho: Secondary data from the VIBRA cluster-randomized trial
Authors: Mohloanyane Tsepang , Olivier Dedre , Labhardt Niklaus Daniel , Amstutz Alain 
Published: November 2022

Background
HIV recency assays are used to distinguish recently acquired infection from long-term infection among individuals newly diagnosed with HIV. Since 2015, the World Health Organisation recommends the use of an algorithm to assess recency of infections which is based on an HIV recency assay and viral load (VL) quantification. We determined the proportion of recent HIV infections among participants of the VIBRA (Village-Based Refill of Antiretroviral therapy) cluster-randomized trial in Lesotho and assessed risk factors for these recent infections.

Methods
The VIBRA trial recruited individuals living with HIV and not taking antiretroviral therapy during a door-to-door HIV testing campaign in two rural districts (Butha-Buthe and Mokhotlong). Samples were collected from participants newly diagnosed and tested for HIV recency using the Asanté HIV-1 Rapid Recency Assay and VL using the Roche Cobas System. Clinical and socio-demographic data were extracted from the trial database. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine factors associated with recent compared to long-term infection.

Results
Participants were recruited from August 2018 to May 2019 and 184 patient-samples included in this study. The majority were female (108 [59%]) with a median age of 36 years (interquartile range 30–50 years). We found 13 (7.0%) recent infections, while 171 (93.0%) were classified as long-term HIV infections. No conclusive evidence for risk factors of recent infection was found.

Conclusions
During door-to-door testing among a general population sample in rural Lesotho, 7% of those who were newly diagnosed had acquired HIV in the preceding 6 months. More efforts and research are needed to curb ongoing transmissions in these rural communities.
Associations between cardiovascular disease risk factors and spinal pain may be moderated by sex and health-related physical activity (CHAMPS Study-DK)
Authors: Beynon Amber M. , Wedderkopp Niels , Leboeuf-Yde Charlotte , Hartvigsen Jan , Walker Bruce F. , Hébert Jeffrey J. 
Published: November 2022

Background
Spinal pain has been previously linked with cardiovascular disease risk factors in children. This study investigated the prospective associations between cardiovascular disease risk factors and non-traumatic spinal pain occurrences in children, and examined the moderating role of sex and health-related physical activity in these relationships.

Methods
We used prospective data from the Childhood Health, Activity, and Motor Performance School Study Denmark (CHAMPS Study-DK). The exposure variables were a clustered cardiovascular risk score and homeostasis assessment model-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score collected in 2008 and 2010. The spinal pain outcome comprised the number of weeks of non-traumatic spinal pain from 2008–2010 and 2010–2012. Potential confounders included age, sex, and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. We constructed age-adjusted mixed negative binominal regression models to investigate the prospective associations of cardiovascular disease risk factors and non-traumatic spinal pain, while considering the potential moderating roles of sex and physical activity in these relationships.

Results
Girls with low HOMA-IR scores and boys with low clustered cardiovascular disease risk scores, who engaged in higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, reported more weeks of spinal pain, compared to girls with high HOMA-IR scores (p = 0.001) and boys with high clustered cardiovascular disease risk scores (p = 0.024). whereas boys with higher clustered cardiovascular disease risk who had less time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity reported more weeks of spinal pain than boys with low clustered cardiovascular disease risk score (p = 0.024).

Conclusion
Our results show that cardiovascular disease risk factors are related to future occurrences of non-traumatic spinal pain. However, these relationships appear complex and dependent on the nature of the interactions with sex and physical activity.
Greek Cinema and Migration, 1991–2016, Philip E. Phillis (2020)
Authors: Kazakopoulou Tonia 
Published: November 2022

Review of: Greek Cinema and Migration, 1991–2016, Philip E. Phillis (2020)
Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 272 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-47443-704-2, p/bk, £19.99
ISBN 978-1-47443-703-5, h/bk, £80.00
What is the Short-Term Impact of Decreasing the Speed Limit for Motor Vehicles on Bicycle Commuting? Evidence from French Cities during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Moulin Léonard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article investigates the effect of a decrease in the speed limit for motor vehicles on bicycle commuting in French cities. I use a difference-in-differences event study design to measure a possible causal effect of motor vehicle speed limits on changes in bicycle traffic. I do not find any effect of the reduction of the speed limit from 50 km/h to 30 km/h on bicycle commuting. This result is important for public policy design, since increasing the number of bicycles is one of the benefits that politicians expect from decreasing the speed limit for motor vehicles.