bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to access intimate partner violence services in female Romanian immigrants in Spain: A Delphi study
Authors: Cuesta‐García Andrea , Fernández‐Lansac Violeta , Crespo María 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImmigrant women may be at higher risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) and may seek specialized services less frequently than other populations. In Spain, Romanian origin foreigners comprise the second‐highest proportion among immigrant population. This study aimed to identify, from the perspective of experts, (1) the main barriers faced by immigrant women of Romanian origin in accessing specialized services for IPV in Spain; and (2) the most useful strategies to combat these barriers. A Delphi study was conducted with a panel of 23 experts. The coefficient rWG was calculated to established agreement among participants. The results showed 58 barriers and 31 strategies with high agreement among the experts (rWG ≥ 0.80). Barriers in access to services that were considered to be highly influential included: having been in the host country for a short time; lack of language proficiency; job insecurity; difficulty with family‐work reconciliation; and fear of the social consequences for help‐seeking. The strategies considered most useful were: facilitating access to the job market and decent housing; promoting a social support network; translating material into Romanian; and increasing training among professionals. The findings offer guidelines for the improvement of the accessibility of specialized services to immigrant women of Romanian origin.
Management of opioid use disorder, opioid withdrawal, and opioid overdose prevention in hospitalized adults: A systematic review of existing guidelines
Authors: Calcaterra Susan L. , Bottner Richard , Martin Marlene , Englander Honora , Weinstein Zoe M. , Weimer Melissa B. , Lambert Eugene , Ronan Matthew V. , Huerta Sergio , Zaman Tauheed , Ullal Monish , Peterkin Alyssa F. , Torres‐Lockhart Kristine , Buresh Megan , O'Brien Meghan T. , Snyder Hannah , Herzig Shoshana J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHospitalizations related to the consequences of opioid use are rising. National guidelines directing in‐hospital opioid use disorder (OUD) management do not exist. OUD treatment guidelines intended for other treatment settings could inform in‐hospital OUD management.ObjectiveEvaluate the quality and content of existing guidelines for OUD treatment and management.Data SourcesOVID MEDLINE, PubMed, Ovid PsychINFO, EBSCOhost CINHAL, ERCI Guidelines Trust, websites of relevant societies and advocacy organizations, and selected international search engines.Study SelectionGuidelines published between January 2010 to June 2020 addressing OUD treatment, opioid withdrawal management, opioid overdose prevention, and care transitions among adults.Data ExtractionWe assessed quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument.Data SynthesisNineteen guidelines met the selection criteria. Most recommendations were based on observational studies or expert consensus. Guidelines recommended the use of nonstigmatizing language among patients with OUD; to assess patients with unhealthy opioid use for OUD using the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Diseases—5th Edition criteria; use of methadone or buprenorphine to treat OUD and opioid withdrawal; use of multimodal, nonopioid therapy, and when needed, short‐acting opioid analgesics in addition to buprenorphine or methadone, for acute pain management; ensuring linkage to ongoing methadone or buprenorphine treatment; referring patients to psychosocial treatment; and ensuring access to naloxone for opioid overdose reversal.ConclusionsIncluded guidelines were informed by studies with various levels of rigor and quality. Future research should systematically study buprenorphine and methadone initiation and titration among people using fentanyl and people with pain, especially during hospitalization.
Reinfection with SARS‐CoV‐2 in general population, South Korea; nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jang Eun Jung , Choe Young June , Yun Go‐Woon , Wang Seongjin , Cho U. Jin , Yi Seonju , Lee Sangwon , Park Young‐Joon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo better understand the epidemiology of SARS‐CoV‐2 reinfections, we analyzed national data from South Korean who were followed longitudinally from January 2020 to April 2022. We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study to estimate possible SARS‐CoV‐2 reinfection rates in all residents in South Korea, with at least two episodes of laboratory‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen test (RAT) performed at least 45 or more days between both episodes, between January 2020 and April 2022. There were 16 130 855 laboratory‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 cases in South Korea, with 55 841 (346.2 per 100 000; or 0.3% of all infections) cases of possible reinfections. The reinfection rate has increased from 6.0 cases per 100 000 during Pre‐Delta period to 128.0 cases per 100 000 and 355.1 cases per 100 000 during Delta and Omicron periods, respectively. Persons with one dose of vaccination had the highest reinfection rate of 642.2 per 100 000, followed by unvaccinated persons (536.2/100 000) and two‐dose vaccinated persons (406.3/100 000). Our finding suggests that the majority of possible reinfections occurred following the emergence of new variants.
Divergent response of hay and grain yield of oat: effects of environmental factors and sowing rate
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Liu Caiting , Mao Liping , Li Yuan , Shen Yuying 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDOat (Avena sativaL.) is recognized for its impressive productivity in marginal environments, and the sowing rate is an important crop management practice that potentially enhances oat productivity. Previous studies have reported the effect of sowing rate on oat yield; however, the results from such studies are inconsistent. Thus, based on 43 studies across eight countries, this study aimed to assess changes in hay and grain yields in response to sowing rate and, in combination with a boosted regression tree, to evaluate and rank the dominant factors (e.g. climate conditions, soil conditions, and sowing rate) affecting changes in hay and grain yields of oat.RESULTSThe results revealed that increasing the sowing rate significantly increased the response ratio of grain yields and hay yields by averages of 7.3% and 7.9% respectively. However, the response ratios of grain yields and hay yields in response to changes in sowing rate were affected by different factors. Climate condition and mean annual precipitation primarily affected the response ratios of hay yields, whereas the sowing rate dominated changes in the response ratios of grain yields, with the response ratios of grain yields peaking at a sowing rate of 85 kg ha−1.CONCLUSIONOptimizing the sowing rate with site‐specific environmental conditions could be a potential strategy for profitable oat production, given that oat can be produced under marginal environments (e.g. cool–wet climates and soil with low fertility). © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for some robust variational problems
Authors: Treanţă Savin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, we complete the study started in Treanţă on multidimensional scalar variational control problems with mixed constraints implying partial differential equations and inequations of second‐order. More specifically, under convexity assumptions of the involved uncertain functionals of multiple integral type, we state necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for a class of robust variational problems with uncertainty in the constraint and objective functionals.
Recent Advances in Single Cell Analysis by Electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Ding Hao , Su Bin , Jiang Dechen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding biological mechanisms operating in cells is one of the major goals of biology. Since heterogeneity is the fundamental property of cellular systems, single cell measurements can provide more accurate information about the composition, dynamics, and regulatory circuits of cells than population‐averaged assays. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL), the light emission triggered by electrochemical reactions, is an emerging approach for single cell analysis. Numerous analytes, ranging from small biomolecules such as glucose and cholesterol, proteins and nucleic acids to subcellular structures, have been determined in single cells by ECL, which yields new insights into cellular functions. This review aims to provide an overview of research progress on ECL principles and systems for single cell analysis in recent years. The ECL reaction mechanisms are briefly introduced, and then the advances and representative works in ECL single cell analysis are summarized. Finally, outlooks and challenges in this field are addressed.
Synthesis of Mucin O‐Glycans Associated with Attenuation of Pathogen Virulence
Authors: Minzer Giulietta , Hevey Rachel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the concerning rise in antibiotic‐resistant infections, novel treatment options against pathogens are urgently sought. Several recent studies have identified mucin O‐glycan mixtures as potent down‐regulators of virulence‐related gene expression in diverse pathogens. As individual mucin glycans cannot be isolated in sufficient purity and quantity for biological evaluation of discrete structures, we have developed an optimized synthetic approach to generate a small library of mucin glycans which were identified as most likely to display activity. The glycans have been prepared in sufficient quantity to assess biological function, studies of which are currently ongoing.
Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis in children with inherited bleeding disorders: A case series
Authors: Sheikh Irtiza N. , Srivaths Lakshmi , Li Emma , Steinberg‐Shemer Orna , Mandel‐Shorer Noa , Kenet Gili , Barg Assaf A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn patients with inherited bleeding disorders, thrombus development poses a challenge in balancing the management of thrombosis and bleeding. Pediatric antithrombotic therapy guidelines do not address the treatment of a thrombus in the setting of a bleeding disorder. We present a case series of four children with inherited bleeding disorders presenting with cerebral sinus venous thrombosis and bleeding, in order to summarize the different therapeutic approaches and outcomes of these patients.
The UV stability of polyethylene pipes with different comonomer content: Effect of carbon black masterbatch
Authors: Davand Razieh , Hassanajili Shadi , Rahimpour Mohammad Reza , Rashedi Reza , Sepahi Abdolhannan , Hosseini Shahin , Afzali Kamal , Valieghbal Khosro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe relationship between career resin of carbon black (CB) masterbatch and the performance of bimodal polyethylene pipes (PE100) under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and the long‐term stability of black PE100 with different comonomer content have been investigated. For this purpose, two different CB masterbatches varying in carrier resin were selected and added to two PE100 pipes. Samples were exposed to UV irradiation, and then thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties were explored using differential scanning coloriemetry (DSC), tensile, and rheometry analyses. Additionally, Fourier transformed‐infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been performed to characterize the structural changes of PE100 samples under UV irradiation. According to rheological results, the PE100 sample containing more comonomer underwent a higher degree of degradation. Thermal and mechanical results reveal that the masterbatch composed of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) as carrier resin has a better influence on PE pipes' UV stability with less comonomer content.
Restoration of threatened plant species in Limahuli Valley on the Hawaiian Island of Kaua'i in the framework of the Global Tree Assessment
Authors: Rønsted Nina , Campbell Rhian , DeMotta Mike , Edmonds Merlin , Houck Kevin , Kahokuloa Matthew , Mayfield Kimberley K. , Nyberg Ben , Opgenorth Mike , Walsh Seana K. , Wolkis Dustin , Wood Kenneth R. , Nagendra Uma 
Published: July 2022

Societal Impact StatementTrees are an important part of many ecosystems. The Global Tree Assessment data can be used to focus conservation and restoration efforts for the circa 30% of tree species that are threatened worldwide. The conservation status for the tree flora of Limahuli Valley on Kaua'i Island and a restoration plan for 11 endangered tree species is evaluated in the Global Tree Assessment framework. Lessons learned from Limahuli Valley, one of the most biodiverse valleys in the Hawaiian Islands, provide recommendations for developing long‐term sustainable restoration projects.Summary

Based on conservation status assessments of the world's circa 60,000 trees, the Global Tree Assessment (GTA) report revealed that 30% (17,500) of known tree species are currently at risk of extinction.
This study aims to evaluate the conservation status for the tree flora of Limahuli Valley and a restoration plan for 11 endangered tree species, in the Global Tree Assessment framework.
Of the 117 tree taxa found in Limahuli Valley, 83 (71%) have been assessed for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List and 90% of the assessed tree taxa are threatened. However, only 19 (21%) of these are federally listed and nine tree taxa were not found under their current name or at all in the GlobalTree Portal, suggesting a need for additional curation as well as a conservation status assessment gap.
Progress has been made in Limahuli Valley on most restoration goals suggested by the GTA framework, but challenges remain related to both access to material for restoration, mitigation of threats, and understanding correlates of survivorship. Furthermore, trees only constitute about 40% of the flora in Limahuli Valley, and it is important to also consider nontrees including ferns and allies to strive for restoration of an ecosystem as well as the targeted species.
Using health insurance claims data to assess long‐term disease progression in a prostate cancer cohort
Authors: Khan Saira , Vohra Sanah , Farnan Laura , Elmore Shekinah N. C. , Toumbou Khadijah , K. C. Madhav , Fontham Elizabeth T. H. , Peters Edward S. , Mohler James L. , Bensen Jeannette T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term population‐based cohort studies of men diagnosed with prostate cancer are limited. However, adverse outcomes can occur many years after treatment. Herein, we aim to assess the utility of using claims data to identify prostate cancer progression 10−15 years after diagnosis.MethodsThe study population was derived from the North Carolina−Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP). PCaP‐North Carolina (NC) included 1031 men diagnosed with prostate cancer from 2004 to 2009. An initial follow‐up with a survey and manual medical record abstraction occurred from 2008 to 2011 (Follow‐up 1). Herein, we extended this follow‐up with linkage to healthcare claims data from North Carolina (2011−2017) and a second, supplementary 10‐year follow‐up survey (2018−2020) (Follow‐up 2). Vital statistics data also were utilized. Long‐term oncological progression was determined using these data sources in combination with expert clinical input.ResultsAmong the 1031 baseline PCaP‐NC participants, 652 were linked to medical claims. Forty‐two percent of the men had insurance coverage for the entire 72 months of follow‐up. In addition, 275 baseline participants completed the supplementary 10‐year follow‐up survey. Using all sources of follow‐up data, we identified a progression event in 259 of 1031 (25%) men with more than 10 years of follow‐up data after diagnosis.ConclusionsUnderstanding long‐term clinical outcomes is essential for improving the lives of prostate cancer survivors. However, access and utility of long‐term clinical outcomes with claims alone remain a challenge due to individualized agreements required with each insurer for data access, lack of detailed clinical information, and gaps in insurance coverage. We were able to utilize claims data to determine long‐term progression due to several unique advantages that included the availability of detailed baseline clinical characteristics and treatments, detailed manually abstracted clinical data at 5 years of follow‐up, vital statistics data, and a supplementary 10‐year follow‐up survey.
Tetramisole is a new IK1 channel agonist and exerts IK1‐dependent cardioprotective effects in rats
Authors: Liu Qinghua , Sun Jiaxing , Dong Yangdou , Li Pan , Wang Jin , Wang Yulan , Xu Yanwu , Tian Xinrui , Wu Bowei , He Peifeng , Yu Qi , Lu Xuechun , Cao Jimin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCardiac ischemia, hypoxia, arrhythmias, and heart failure share the common electrophysiological changes featured by the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+ overload) and inhibition of the inward rectifier potassium (IK1) channel. IK1 channel agonists have been considered a new type of anti‐arrhythmia and cardioprotective agents. We predicted using a drug repurposing strategy that tetramisole (Tet), a known anthelminthic agent, was a new IK1 channel agonist. The present study aimed to experimentally identify the above prediction and further demonstrate that Tet has cardioprotective effects. Results of the whole‐cell patch clamp technique showed that Tet at 1–100 μmol/L enhanced IK1 current, hyperpolarized resting potential (RP), and shortened action potential duration (APD) in isolated rat cardiomyocytes, while without effects on other ion channels or transporters. In adult Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats in vivo, Tet showed anti‐arrhythmia and anticardiac remodeling effects, respectively, in the coronary ligation‐induced myocardial infarction model and isoproterenol (Iso, i.p., 3 mg/kg/day, 10 days) infusion‐induced cardiac remodeling model. Tet also showed anticardiomyocyte remodeling effect in Iso (1 μmol/L) infused adult rat ventricular myocytes or cultured H9c2 (2‐1) cardiomyocytes. Tet at 0.54 mg/kg in vivo or 30 μmol/L in vitro showed promising protections on acute ischemic arrhythmias, myocardial hypertrophy, and fibrosis. Molecular docking was performed and identified the selective binding of Tet with Kir2.1. The cardioprotection of Tet was associated with the facilitation of IK1 channel forward trafficking, deactivation of PKA signaling, and inhibition of intracellular calcium overload. Enhancing IK1 may play dual roles in anti‐arrhythmia and antiventricular remodeling mediated by restoration of Ca2+ homeostasis.
INSPIRE: Safety and tolerability of inhaled Yutrepia (treprostinil) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
Authors: Hill Nicholas S. , Feldman Jeremy P. , Sahay Sandeep , Benza Raymond L. , Preston Ioana R. , Badesch David , Frantz Robert P. , Patel Savan , Galloway Ashley , Bull Todd M. ,   the INSPIRE study investigators
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe INSPIRE trial was a Phase 3, open‐label, multicenter trial (LTI‐301) that enrolled patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) ≥ 18 years of age who transitioned to Yutrepia from nebulized treprostinil (Transition) or added Yutrepia to prostacyclin naïve patients on ≤2 nonprostacyclin oral therapies. The objectives of the trial were to evaluate the safety and tolerability of Yutrepia (dry‐powder formulation of treprostinil) in patients with PAH. The primary safety measures were the incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs. Exploratory efficacy measures were also assessed during the trial. Transition patients initiated Yutrepia at a dose comparable to their nebulized treprostinil dose while prostacyclin naïve patients received 26.5‐mcg QID; up‐titration in 26.5‐mcg increments was permitted for both groups. A total of 121 patients were enrolled, of which 29 patients discontinued from the trial, with the most common reason being AEs. Eighty percent of the Transition group and 96% of the prostacyclin naïve group titrated to a dose ≥79.5 mcg QID at Day 360, respectively, with one patient achieving a dose of 212‐mcg QID. The most common AEs were cough, headache, upper respiratory tract infection, dyspnea, dizziness, throat irritation, diarrhea, chest discomfort, fatigue, and nasopharyngitis. Most of these events were considered treatment‐related though mild to moderate in severity and expected for prostacyclin therapy administered by inhalation. In an evaluation of exploratory efficacy measures, patients remained stable or improved over the 1 year of treatment. Yutrepia was found to be a convenient, safe, and well‐tolerated inhaled prostacyclin treatment option for PAH patients.
An evaluation of ERA5 precipitation for climate monitoring
Authors: Lavers David A. , Simmons Adrian , Vamborg Freja , Rodwell Mark J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA key aim of climate monitoring is to place the current conditions of climate variables, such as surface air temperature and precipitation, in their historical context. In Europe, a leading provider of this information is the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), which is implemented by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) on behalf of the European Commission. To undertake this activity in close‐to‐real time, C3S predominantly uses the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis, and ERA5 precipitation is widely used as a proxy for observed precipitation for hydrological monitoring. However, for there to be confidence in the ERA5 data, it is essential to evaluate its ability to capture observed precipitation. In this study, we therefore evaluate ERA5 precipitation against observations globally to inform C3S monitoring activities and the broader climate science community. Using 24 hr precipitation observations at 5,637 stations from 2001 to 2020, results show that the smallest ERA5 random errors occur in the winter Extratropics and the largest ERA5 errors are in the Tropics. The errors grow in the summer Extratropics and the errors in the Tropics move with the intertropical convergence zone. These findings are mirrored in the stable equitable error in probability space (SEEPS) score, with the SEEPS signifying that ERA5 is more able to discriminate between different precipitation events in the Extratropics. In general, an ERA5 wet bias is also found. The assessment of annual maximum 1 day (RX1) precipitation accumulations and four extreme events shows that ERA5 cannot model the highest observed precipitation totals but that it can generally capture their locations and patterns. Furthermore, an evaluation of monthly precipitation corroborated that ERA5 is more skilful in the Extratropics. These results imply that users can have confidence in ERA5 precipitation in extratropical regions, and therefore it is recommended that ERA5 is mostly used for extratropical precipitation monitoring.
Morphology‐Controlled Synthesis of a Novel Cu−Zn−S−O Nanocomposite for Pollutant Removal by Synergistic Effect of Adsorption and Photocatalysis
Authors: Zhu Wenli , Yang Qiaoling , Du Juan , She Xiaohong , Yin Pinpin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe novel Cu−Zn−S−O nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized via a green microwave technique using preprepared ZnS and CuO nanoparticles. The Cu−Zn−S−O nanocomposites were highly sensitive to visible light. Meanwhile, Cu−Zn−S−O nanocomposites showed excellent adsorption capacity towards dye pollutants. Under the synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis, various types of dye pollutants could be removed more quickly and efficiently by Cu−Zn−S−O (M=2) nanocomposite than pure CuO and ZnS nanoparticles. Furthermore, due to morphology‐controlled CuO, Cu−Zn−S−O nanocomposites were also different in the morphology and photoresponse, and even in the removal performance. The photodegradation mechanism investigation indicated that different types of dyes were mediated by different decisive reactive species. Additionally, Cu−Zn−S−O nanocomposites could be easily reused with higher activity.