bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate cup placement using a portable navigation system during total hip arthroplasty based on pelvic orientation in the lateral decubitus position
Authors: Tsukamoto Manabu , Kawasaki Makoto , Suzuki Hitoshi , Fujitani Teruaki , Uchida Soshi , Sakai Akinori 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe previously proposed an accurate cup placement procedure using a portable navigation system (PNS) for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the lateral decubitus position; however, the accuracy of our proposed procedure has not been shown, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the accuracy.MethodsWe prospectively analyzed 79 hips treated with primary THA; 40 hips treated until June 2020 were included in the conventional procedure (CP) group, and 39 hips treated from July 2020 were included in the modified procedure (MP) group. In the MP, pelvic orientation is considered to be the set coordinate axes in addition to the CP using the PNS. The accuracy was based on the difference between the navigation record (NR) and postoperative computed tomography measurement.ResultsThe radiographic inclination (RI) and anteversion (RA) accuracies were 1.55° and 2.14°, respectively, in the MP group and 3.03° and 6.20°, respectively, in the CP group (p < 0.001). The error was within 5° of the NR for both the RI and RA in 34 in the MP group (87.2%) and 14 in the CP group (35.0%) (p < 0.001). The error was within 5° of the target angle (RI 40°, RA 15°) for both the RI and RA in 29 hips in the MP group (74.7%) and 12 in the CP group (30.0%) (p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur procedure with the consideration of pelvic orientation achieved dramatically improved the accuracy of PNS and was suitable to facilitate accurate cup placement.
Quantitative assessment of macular and circumpapillary retinal vessel density across all stages of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Castillo Lorena , Berrozpe‐Villabona Clara , Miserachs‐García Sergio , Haulani Hanan , Gómez‐Gutiérrez Cecilia , Díaz‐García Rosa S. , González‐Martínez Alba , Fernández‐Sanz Guillermo , Morilla‐Grasa Antonio , García Virginia , Arias Luis , Caminal José M. , Casaroli‐Marano Ricardo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the macular and circumpapillary retinal microvasculature across all stages of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsThis prospective, multicentre, cross‐sectional, observational study analysed a total of 119 eyes of 60 patients with molecularly confirmed LHON across all stages and 120 eyes of 60 control subjects. Optical coherence tomography angiography maps centred on the fovea and optic disc were obtained to measure vessel densities (VDs) in the macular superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses, and the radial peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP) respectively.ResultsIn asymptomatic eyes, only the SCP showed significant changes on average (B coefficient = −0.72, 95% CI = −1.34 to −0.10, p = 0.022) or in sectors representing the papillomacular bundle (PMB) (B coefficient = −1.17, 95% CI = −2.23 to −0.11, p = 0.031). However, in chronic eyes, the greatest magnitude of change was found in the temporal sector of the RPCP (B coefficient = −12.36, 95% CI = −14.49 to −10.23, p < 0.001). The RPCP showed the strongest correlations with visual acuity (VA, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; R = −0.677, p < 0.001) and structural parameters (R = 0.747, p < 0.001).ConclusionsRetinal VD changes in the circumpapillary region of the PMB appear later than in the macula but end up being more profound and correlate better with VA and structural parameters. Further studies are needed to assess the clinical utility of retinal VDs as potential LHON biomarkers.
From state partnership to social entrepreneurship: A top‐down approach to social enterprise in China
Authors: Wang Echo Lei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSocial enterprises are hybrid organizations that combine for‐profit, market‐based practices with nonprofit goals. Social enterprises in China face specific political and institutional challenges that negatively affect their development. This study explores how a Government‐Organized Non‐Government Organization (GONGO) overcomes institutional challenges at different stages of social enterprise development by engaging strategies, which eventually lead to the establishment of a sustainable social enterprise. The GONGO applies social entrepreneurship in the three major aspects of identifying challenging social problems, implementing innovative market‐based solutions, and initiating long‐term institutional changes to tackle the stubborn social issue. This study demonstrates a unique top‐down social enterprise model and shows that in an authoritarian context, the GONGO could potentially take up the role of developing new social enterprise. This study initiates a deeper conversation between social entrepreneurship and China's socio‐political development.
When closeness is effortful: Teachers’ physiological activation undermines positive effects of their closeness on student emotions
Authors: Mainhard Tim , Donker Monika H. , van Gog Tamara 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundStudent perceptions of teachers’ interpersonal closeness positively affect their emotions. If closeness is, however, effortful for the teacher (i.e., emotional labour, signalling less genuine closeness), this may undermine these positive effects. We tested this assumption by using student reports and external observations of teacher closeness and ambulant measures of teacher heart rate, to gauge teachers’ physiological effort connected to being close during class.AimsWe investigated the association between teachers’ physiological effort connected to closeness and students’ lesson‐focused emotions.Sample75 teachers and their students (N = 1645) participated during one real‐life lesson.MethodsTeacher interpersonal closeness was continuously coded based on a video recording and teachers’ heart rate was measured continuously as an indicator of physiological effort. Students reported their emotions and perception of teacher closeness at the end of the lesson.ResultsMultilevel models with student emotions as DVs and students’ perceptions of teacher warmth (L1 predictor) and teachers’ physiological effort when being close (i.e., an intra‐individual cross‐correlation, L2 predictor) were tested. As expected, students reported more positive and less negative emotions when they perceived more teacher closeness. The physiological effort connected to being close was not directly associated with student emotions; however, such effort moderated the effect of perceived closeness, especially with regard to negative student emotions (i.e., cross‐level interactions). The more effortful teacher closeness was, the less closeness protected students from negative emotions.ConclusionsIn line with extant research on faking enjoyment and emotional labour, students seemed to be affected when teacher closeness was physiologically effortful, and overall positive effects of teacher closeness were undermined.
VANDA regimen followed by blinatumomab leads to favourable outcome in patients with Philadelphia chromosome‐negative B‐precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in first relapse
Authors: Heraudet Luc , Galtier Jean , Favre Simon , Peyraud Florent , Cazaubiel Titouan , Leroy Harmony , Mottal Nathan , Gros François‐Xavier , Forcade Edouard , Clément Laurence , Dumas Pierre‐Yves , Pigneux Arnaud , Leguay Thibaut 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdults with relapsed or refractory B‐precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (R/R BCP‐ALL) have very poor outcome. Blinatumomab as single agent has shown activity in R/R BCP‐ALL. We aimed to assess the activity of blinatumomab in concomitant association with intensive chemotherapy. Seventeen patients with R/R BCP‐ALL were treated with combination of blinatumomab and VANDA (etoposide, cytarabine, mitoxantrone, dexamethasone and asparaginase) regimen. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 14/17 patient (82%) and 11/17 (65%) were transplanted. One‐year leukaemia‐free survival was 58.8% for the whole cohort and 90.9% for transplanted patients. These preliminary data suggest that the VANDA‐blinatumomab salvage regimen leads to a very high rate of CR and HSCT in suitable patients.
Their own worst enemy? Collective narcissists are willing to conspire against their in‐group
Authors: Biddlestone Mikey , Cichocka Aleksandra , Główczewski Michał , Cislak Aleksandra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCollective narcissism – a belief in in‐group greatness that is not appreciated by others – is associated with using one's group for personal benefits. Across one pilot and four studies, we demonstrated that collective narcissism predicts readiness to conspire against in‐group members (rmeta‐analysis = .24). In Study 1, conducted in Poland (N = 361), collective narcissism measured in the context of national identity predicted readiness to engage in secret surveillance against one's own country's citizens. In Study 2 (N = 174; pre‐registered), collective narcissism in UK workplace teams predicted intentions to engage in conspiracies against co‐workers. In Study 3 (N = 471; pre‐registered), US national narcissism predicted intentions to conspire against fellow citizens. Furthermore, conspiracy intentions accounted for the relationship between collective narcissism and beliefs in conspiracy theories about the in‐group. Finally, in Study 4 (N = 1064; pre‐registered), we corroborated the link between Polish national narcissism and conspiracy intentions against fellow citizens, further showing that these intentions were only directed towards group members that were perceived as moderately or strongly typical of the national in‐group (but not when perceived in‐group typicality was low). In‐group identification was either negatively related (Studies 1 and 2) or unrelated (Studies 3 and 4) to conspiracy intentions (rmeta‐analysis = .04). We discuss implications for research on conspiracy theories and populism.
Coordination between phospholipid pools and DNA damage sensing
Authors: Ovejero Sara , Soulet Caroline , Kumanski Sylvain , Moriel‐Carretero María 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundBoth phospholipid synthesis and the detection of DNA damage are coupled to cell cycle progression, yet whether these two aspects crosstalk to each other remains unassessed. We postulate here that shortage of phospholipids, which negatively affects proliferation, may reduce the need for checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage.ResultsTo test this hypothesis, we explore here the DNA Damage Response activation in response to seven different genotoxins, in three distinct cell types, and manipulate phospholipid synthesis both pharmacologically and genetically. This allows us to point at the DNA damage response kinase ATR as responsible for the coordination between phospholipid levels and DNA damage sensing.Conclusions and SignificanceATR could combine its ability to sense DNA damage and phospholipid profiles in order to finetune the response to DNA lesions depending on metabolic cues. Further, our analysis reveals the functional significance of this crosstalk to keep genome homeostasis.
N‐terminal alterations turn the gut hormone GLP‐2 into an antagonist with gradual loss of GLP‐2 receptor selectivity towards more GLP‐1 receptor interaction
Authors: Gabe Maria Buur Nordskov , Gasbjerg Lærke Smidt , Gadgaard Sarina , Lindquist Peter , Holst Jens Juul , Rosenkilde Mette Marie 
Published: May 2022

Background and PurposeTo fully elucidate the regulatory role of the GLP‐2 system in the gut and the bones, potent and selective GLP‐2 receptor (GLP‐2R) antagonists are needed. Searching for antagonist activity, we performed systematic N‐terminal truncations of human GLP‐2(1‐33).Experimental ApproachCOS‐7 cells were transfected with the human GLP‐2R and assessed for cAMP accumulation or competition binding using 125I‐GLP‐2(1‐33)[M10Y]. To examine selectivity, COS‐7 cells expressing human GLP‐1 or GIP receptors were assessed for cAMP accumulation.Key ResultsAffinity of the N‐terminally truncated GLP‐2 peptides for the GLP‐2 receptor decreased with reduced N‐terminal peptide length (Ki 6.5–871 nM), while increasing antagonism appeared with inhibitory potencies (IC50) values from 79 to 204 nM for truncation up to GLP‐2(4‐33) and then declined. In contrast, truncation‐dependent increases in intrinsic activity were observed from an Emax of only 20% for GLP‐(2‐33) up to 46% for GLP‐2(6‐33) at 1 μM, followed by a decline. GLP‐2(9‐33) had the highest intrinsic efficacy (Emax 65%) and no antagonistic properties. Moreover, with truncations up to GLP‐2(8‐33), a gradual loss in selectivity for the GLP‐2 receptor appeared with increasing GLP‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) inhibition (up to 73% at 1 μM). Lipidation of the peptides improved antagonism (IC50 down to 7.9 nM) for both the GLP‐2 and the GLP‐1R.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe N‐terminus of GLP‐2 is crucial for GLP‐2R activity and selectivity. Our observations form the basis for the development of tool compounds for further characterization of the GLP‐2 system.
Machine learning diagnosis by immunoglobulinN‐glycan signatures for precision diagnosis of urological diseases
Authors: Iwamura Hiromichi , Mizuno Kei , Akamatsu Shusuke , Hatakeyama Shingo , Tobisawa Yuki , Narita Shintaro , Narita Takuma , Yamashita Shinichi , Kawamura Sadafumi , Sakurai Toshihiko , Fujita Naoki , Kodama Hirotake , Noro Daisuke , Kakizaki Ikuko , Nakaji Shigeyuki , Itoh Ken , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Ito Akihiro , Habuchi Tomonori , Ohyama Chikara , Yoneyama Tohru 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEarly diagnosis of urological diseases is often difficult due to the lack of specific biomarkers. More powerful and less invasive biomarkers that can be used simultaneously to identify urological diseases could improve patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate a urological disease‐specific scoring system established with a machine learning (ML) approach using IgN‐glycan signatures. ImmunoglobulinN‐glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration‐resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269). ImmunoglobulinN‐glycan signature data were used in a supervised‐ML model to establish a scoring system that gave the probability of the presence of a urological disease. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The supervised‐ML urologic disease‐specific scores clearly discriminated the urological diseases (AUC 0.78–1.00) and found a distinctN‐glycan pattern that contributed to detect each disease. Limitations included the retrospective and limited pathological information regarding urological diseases. The supervised‐ML urological disease‐specific scoring system based on IgN‐glycan signatures showed excellent diagnostic ability for nine urological diseases using a one‐time serum collection and could be a promising approach for the diagnosis of urological diseases.
Biometry and corneal aberrations after cataract surgery in childhood
Authors: Hansen Mathias Møller , Bach‐Holm Daniella , Kessel Line 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo report long‐term biometric and refractive outcomes in a group of Danish children after surgery for childhood cataract.MethodsChildren between 7 and 18 years who had undergone uni‐ or bilateral cataract surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark, were examined in this cross‐sectional study. Swept source optical coherence tomography (OCT) based optical biometry (IOLmaster 700) and anterior tomography (Pentacam) was performed. Healthy fellow eyes from those with unilateral cataract were used as controls.ResultsWe included 56 children in the study with a median age at surgery of 43.8 months (1.6–137.6). The amount of higher order aberrations was significantly increased in operated eyes (median root mean square 0.461 μm [range 0.264–1.484]) compared with non‐operated eyes (median root mean square 0.337 μm [range 0.162–0.498], p < 0.001). Younger age at surgery was positively associated with more higher order aberrations at follow‐up (p < 0.001), but we found no significant associations between the amount of higher order aberrations and visual acuity or contrast vision. Longer axial length was associated to glaucoma while shorter axial length was associated to strabismus (p < 0.001).ConclusionsEyes operated for childhood cataract have higher order aberrations compared with non‐operated eyes. Higher order aberrations are complex refractive errors that cannot be corrected by normal lenses and may contribute to poor visual outcomes for the children. We found an association between young age at surgery and higher order aberrations.
Evaluation of implant placement following ridge preservation in periodontally compromised molar extraction sockets: Three‐year results of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Liping , Hu Wenjie , Liu Yunsong , Chung Kwok‐Hung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the 3‐year implant‐related outcomes following alveolar ridge preservation in periodontally compromised molar sockets.Material and methodsThirty implants were placed in 26 patients following either ridge preservation (test, n = 16) or natural healing (control, n = 14) at deficient molar extraction sites after a 6‐month healing period. The need for additional augmentation procedures at implant placement was recorded. Patients were assessed for 3 years following a definitive restoration. Patient information being collected included modified plaque index, the modified sulcus bleeding index, the peri‐implant probing depth clinically, and alterations of marginal bone level (MBL) radiographically.ResultsThere was a 100% survival rate of implants in both groups after 3‐year follow‐up. During implant placement operation, 35.7% in the control group and 6.3% in the test group required additional augmentation procedures. No statistically significant differences were determined for peri‐implant parameters and marginal bone levels between the two groups. The overall mean difference of MBL was 0.072 mm (95% CI [−0.279, 0.423]) during the 3 years of follow‐up. The success rate was 81.2% in the test and 78.6% in the control group.ConclusionsImplants placed into periodontally compromised molar‐extracted sites after ridge augmentation resulted in comparable outcomes to implant placement at naturally healed sites after 3‐year functional loading. (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR‐ONN‐16009433).
Reliability of the heart rate variability threshold during treadmill exercise
Authors: Hargens Trent A. , Chambers Shane , Luden Nicholas D. , Womack Christopher J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) is a clinical parameter used to gain insight into autonomic balance. Prior validation of the HRVT has been with cycle ergometry, with no studies examining the viability of treadmill exercise. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of the HRVT during treadmill exercise, and to compare the HRVT to the ventilatory threshold (VT). Ten healthy, college‐aged males completed two maximal graded exercise tests on a treadmill. A Polar RS800CX watch was used for heart rate and HRVT data. The HRVT was determined from three HRV variables including the root mean square of successive differences of continuous R−R intervals (RMSSD), the standard deviation of normal R−R intervals (SDNN) and the standard deviation of instantaneous beat intervals (SD1). A metabolic cart was utilized to determine the VT. Results showed no difference between the HRVT (2.4 ± 0.6 and 2.2 ± 0.3 for RMSSD, 2.8 ± 0.5 and 2.7 ± 0.5 for SDNN and 2.4 ± 0.6 and 2.3 ± 0.6 for SD1) or the VT (3.0 ± 0.3 and 3.1 ± 0.3) between trials. When compared to the VT, averaged HRVT values for RMSSD (2.3 ± 0.3) and SD1 (2.3 ± 0.5) were lower than averaged VT (2.8 ± 0.4, p < 0.05). The averaged HRVT from SDNN (2.8 ± 0.5) did not differ from the VT. These results suggest that treadmill is a viable mode for HRVT determination, and that HRVT determined by SDNN may be a better comparison to the VT.
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor therapy after heart transplant: From molecular basis to clinical effects
Authors: Masarone Daniele , Tedford Ryan J. , Melillo Enrico , Petraio Andrea , Pacileo Giuseppe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors is an important therapy for various cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease and heart failure (HF). In heart transplant recipients, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors have been demonstrated to be a keystone for the treatment of hypertension with a wide spectrum of pleiotropic molecular effects ranging from improvement of the peripheral vascular system to regulation of the fluid and sodium balance. In addition, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors may be also useful in the prevention of graft failure, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Further tailored multicenter and randomized studies are warranted to confirm the pleiotropic clinical effects of ACEi therapy in HTRs and to support more extended use in daily clinical practice. Finally in the near future, the use of novel pharmacological agents that inhibit the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) such as the neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril should be investigated in heart transplant recipients.
‘Impairments of the brain’: Global South perspectives on childhood neurodevelopmental disability
Authors: Bannink Mbazzi Femke , Kawesa Elizabeth S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe word ‘disability’ does not exist in most African languages. There are words for impairments that describe the ‘missing’ or affected body parts, but no specific words to characterize, for instance, neurodevelopmental conditions. In this narrative review we focus on the different interpretations of neurodevelopmental conditions in Uganda and discuss the importance of cultural concepts and the intersectionality of family‐centred care, poverty, and neocolonialism when working with children with ‘impairments of the brain’. We suggest that these concepts should be taken into consideration in health care service provision and public health awareness campaigns, and the need to rethink how disabled children can be included in a ‘global’ health approach. We explain how applying biomedical categories used in the Global North to diagnose children is only ethical if this information will benefit the child and is accompanied by supportive actions that are relevant to the child and family setting. We argue for the enhancement of community‐based structures of belonging and interdependence that are already in place and strengthening of family and community networks to continue the care and co‐responsibility for children with ‘impairments of the brain’.What this paper addsCultural concepts, family‐centred care, poverty, and neocolonialism are key in defining disability in the Global South.Diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental condition should be accompanied by supportive actions relevant to the child's setting.Interventions need to build on family and community‐based structures of belonging and interdependence.Health care services and public health awareness campaigns should be made culturally relevant.