bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASCL1 activates neuronal stem cell-like lineage programming through remodeling of the chromatin landscape in prostate cancer
Authors: Nouruzi Shaghayegh , Ganguli Dwaipayan , Tabrizian Nakisa , Kobelev Maxim , Sivak Olena , Namekawa Takeshi , Thaper Daksh , Baca Sylvan C. , Freedman Matthew L. , Aguda Adeleke , Davies Alastair , Zoubeidi Amina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTreatment with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) in prostate cancer leads to the emergence of resistant tumors characterized by lineage plasticity and differentiation toward neuroendocrine lineage. Here, we find that ARPIs induce a rapid epigenetic alteration mediated by large-scale chromatin remodeling to support activation of stem/neuronal transcriptional programs. We identify the proneuronal transcription factor ASCL1 motif to be enriched in hyper-accessible regions. ASCL1 acts as a driver of the lineage plastic, neuronal transcriptional program to support treatment resistance and neuroendocrine phenotype. Targeting ASCL1 switches the neuroendocrine lineage back to the luminal epithelial state. This effect is modulated by disruption of the polycomb repressive complex-2 through UHRF1/AMPK axis and change the chromatin architecture in favor of luminal phenotype. Our study provides insights into the epigenetic alterations induced by ARPIs, governed by ASCL1, provides a proof of principle of targeting ASCL1 to reverse neuroendocrine phenotype, support luminal conversion and re-addiction to ARPIs.
Superstretchable, yet stiff, fatigue-resistant ligament-like elastomers
Authors: Li Mengxue , Chen Lili , Li Yiran , Dai Xiaobin , Jin Zhekai , Zhang Yucheng , Feng Wenwen , Yan Li-Tang , Cao Yi , Wang Chao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLigaments are flexible and stiff tissues around joints to support body movements, showing superior toughness and fatigue-resistance. Such a combination of mechanical properties is rarely seen in synthetic elastomers because stretchability, stiffness, toughness, and fatigue resistance are seemingly incompatible in materials design. Here we resolve this long-standing mismatch through a hierarchical crosslinking design. The obtained elastomer can endure 30,000% stretch and exhibit a Young’s modulus of 18 MPa and toughness of 228 MJ m−3, outperforming all the reported synthetic elastomers. Furthermore, the fatigue threshold is as high as 2,682 J m−2, the same order of magnitude as the ligaments (~1,000 J m−2). We reveal that the dynamic double-crosslinking network composed of Li+-O interactions and PMMA nanoaggregates allows for a hierarchical energy dissipation, enabling the elastomers as artificial ligaments in soft robotics.
USP14-regulated allostery of the human proteasome by time-resolved cryo-EM
Authors: Zhang Shuwen , Zou Shitao , Yin Deyao , Zhao Lihong , Finley Daniel , Wu Zhaolong , Mao Youdong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProteasomal degradation of ubiquitylated proteins is tightly regulated at multiple levels1–3. A primary regulatory checkpoint is the removal of ubiquitin chains from substrates by the deubiquitylating enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14), which reversibly binds the proteasome and confers the ability to edit and reject substrates. How USP14 is activated and regulates proteasome function remain unknown4–7. Here we present high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of human USP14 in complex with the 26S proteasome in 13 distinct conformational states captured during degradation of polyubiquitylated proteins. Time-resolved cryo-electron microscopy analysis of the conformational continuum revealed two parallel pathways of proteasome state transitions induced by USP14, and captured transient conversion of substrate-engaged intermediates into substrate-inhibited intermediates. On the substrate-engaged pathway, ubiquitin-dependent activation of USP14 allosterically reprograms the conformational landscape of the AAA-ATPase motor and stimulates opening of the core particle gate8–10, enabling observation of a near-complete cycle of asymmetric ATP hydrolysis around the ATPase ring during processive substrate unfolding. Dynamic USP14–ATPase interactions decouple the ATPase activity from RPN11-catalysed deubiquitylation11–13 and kinetically introduce three regulatory checkpoints on the proteasome, at the steps of ubiquitin recognition, substrate translocation initiation and ubiquitin chain recycling. These findings provide insights into the complete functional cycle of the USP14-regulated proteasome and establish mechanistic foundations for the discovery of USP14-targeted therapies.
Reproducibility between three-dimensional turbo spin-echo and two-dimensional dual inversion recovery turbo spin-echo for coronary vessel wall imaging in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Matsumoto Koji , Yokota Hajime , Yoda Takafumi , Ebata Ryota , Mukai Hiroki , Masuda Yoshitada , Uno Takashi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMagnetic resonance vessel wall imaging is desirable for evaluating Kawasaki disease (KD)-associated coronary arterial lesions. To evaluate the reproducibility of three-dimensional turbo spin-echo (3D-TSE) and two-dimensional dual inversion-recovery turbo spin-echo (2D-DIR-TSE) for coronary vessel wall imaging in KD. Ten patients were prospectively enrolled. Coronary vessel wall imaging with axial-slice orientation 3D-TSE and 2D-DIR-TSE were acquired for cross-sectional images in aneurysmal and normal regions. Lumen area (LA), wall area (WA), and normalized wall index (NWI) of cross-sectional images were measured in both regions. Reproducibility between 3D-TSE and 2D-DIR-TSE was evaluated via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman plots. 48 points (aneurysmal, 27; normal, 21) were evaluated. There were high ICCs between 3D-TSE and 2D-DIR-TSE in LA (0.95) and WA (0.95). In aneurysmal regions, 95% limits of agreement were LA, WA, and NWI of − 29.9 to 30.4 mm2, − 18.8 to 15.0 mm2, and − 0.22 to 0.20, respectively. In normal regions, the 95% limits of agreement were LA, WA, and NWI of − 4.44 to 4.38 mm2, − 3.51 to 4.30 mm2, and − 0.14 to 0.16, respectively. No fixed and proportional biases between 3D-TSE and 2D-DIR-TSE images in aneurysmal and normal regions were noted. 3D-TSE was reproducible with conventional 2D-DIR-TSE for coronary vessel wall assessment on KD.
The SATPAC Approach and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors in an RTI Context: A Replication
Authors: Flipsen Peter , Sacks Stephen 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
This retrospective study was intended to replicate findings from Sacks et al. (2013) regarding the efficacy of using the SATPAC (Systematic Articulation Training Program Accessing Computers) approach for remediating speech sound errors in a Tier 3 response to intervention (RTI) context.

Method:
Nine children aged 7;7 (years;months) to 9;11 (eight boys, one girl) previously treated using the SATPAC approach within an RTI context who had exhibited consistent errors on one or two speech sounds were identified. Three others served as delayed-treatment controls. Eleven of the 12 children spoke another language in addition to English. Baseline data were available from a recording of Contextual Probes of Articulation Competence words and sentences. Treatment occurred once weekly for 15 min and was terminated either upon successful completion of the program or at the end of the school year. Each student received 1.25–7.75 total hours of treatment per speech sound target. Generalization to conversational speech was also measured.

Results:
Seven of nine students achieved at least 90% target accuracy in single words at the end of the treatment period. Six of the nine achieved at least 90% target accuracy in conversational speech at follow-up. The three delayed-treatment controls failed to complete the treatment program but exhibited greater and faster improvement during 8–9 weeks of treatment than during the 6-month no-treatment period. This suggested that the change observed for the majority of the participants was the result of the treatment provided.

Conclusions:
Consistent with Sacks et al. (2013), the SATPAC approach appeared to be efficacious for remediating single speech sound errors within an RTI context. It did so with a relatively brief amount (i.e., less than 5 hr on average) of treatment. Thus, it appears to represent a viable option for application to RTI.
Characterizing Outcomes of Medial and Lateral Perforators in Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flaps
Authors: Elver Ashlie A. , Matthews Stephanie A. , Egan Katie G. , Bowles Eva L. , Nazir Niaman , Flurry Mitchell , Holding Julie , Lai Eric C. , Butterworth James A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Perforators are typically found in rows in the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. As methods to assess flap perfusion continue to improve, surgeons may be more likely to select perforators traditionally avoided. The purpose of this article is to describe clinical outcomes based on row and number of perforators to reevaluate flap and abdominal donor site morbidity.
Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent breast reconstruction with DIEP flaps by four microsurgeons from 2013 to 2020. The row and number of perforators were determined from operative reports. Chi-square and t-test or nonparametric Fisher's exact test and Wilcoxon two-sample test were used for discrete and continuous variable, respectively, as applicable. Logistic regression was used for multivariable analyses.
Results Of 628 flaps, 305 were medial row (58.7%), 159 were lateral row (30.6%), and 55 had both rows (10.6%). Partial flap loss was higher in both rows (p = 0.003). Fat necrosis was higher with medial (p = 0.03) and both rows (p = 0.01) when compared with lateral using multivariable analysis. Hernia or bulge was higher in lateral row flaps (lateral: 8/157, 5.1%; medial, 5/299, 1.7%; both, 0/55; p = 0.05); however, mesh was more commonly used in both row flaps (p = 0.05). There was no difference in fat necrosis or abdominal morbidity between single and multiple perforators.
Conclusion There was no difference in fat necrosis based on the number or row of perforators. The lateral row provides adequate perfusion but may be associated with an elevated risk of hernia or bulge. Patients may benefit from mesh, especially when both rows are dissected.
The Neuropsychiatric Approach to the Assessment of Patients in Neurology
Authors: Trapp Nicholas T. , Martyna Michael R. , Siddiqi Shan H. , Bajestan Sepideh N. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNeuropsychiatry is a clinical neuroscience specialty focused on the evaluation and treatment of patients who present with symptoms at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry. Neuropsychiatrists assess and manage the cognitive, affective, behavioral, and perceptual manifestations of disorders of the central nervous system. Although fellowship training in behavioral neurology-neuropsychiatry exists in the United States and several other countries internationally, the need for neuropsychiatric expertise greatly outweighs the number of specialists in practice or training. This article serves as a primer for both neurologists and psychiatrists seeking to improve or refresh their knowledge of the neuropsychiatric assessment, including detailing aspects of the history-taking, physical exam, psychometric testing, and associated diagnostic work-up. In doing so, we urge the next generation of neurologists and psychiatrists to take on both the opportunity and challenge to work at the intersection of both clinical neuroscience specialties using an integrated neuropsychiatric perspective.
Outcomes of the Keystone Island Perforator Flap: A Systematic Review
Authors: Weinberg Maxene , Heiman Adee J. , DeSanti Rebecca , Lanni Michael A. , Kouwenberg Emily Van , Patel Ashit 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background The Keystone Design Perforator Island Flap (KDPIF), first described by Behan in 2003, has been demonstrated as a versatile, safe, and straightforward reconstructive option for various soft tissue defects. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the indications, variations, and overall complication profile of the keystone flap in reconstructive surgery.
Methods A literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines using MeSH term “surgical flaps” with the keyword “keystone flap.” Empirical studies with at least 15 patients who underwent keystone flap reconstruction were assessed for quantitative analysis. Outcomes of interest included patient demographics, indications, anatomic location, flap design, and complications.
Results Database search produced 135 articles, of which 25 were selected for full-text review. Out of 23 studies selected qualitative analysis and 22 met criteria for quantitative analysis. Overall success rate of this flap was 98%. Wound complications were highest in extremity flaps. Several modifications of this flap were described.
Conclusion Keystone reconstruction demonstrates excellent success rates and versatility. However, further studies with more standard reporting are needed to determine guidelines for patient specific surgical planning.
Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile: Derivation and Validation of a Client-centered Outcome Measure for Hearing Aid Services
Authors: Gatehouse Stuart 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile (GHABP) has been derived, optimized, and verified as an instrument suitable for application in the context of the evaluation of the efficacy and effectiveness of rehabilitative services for hearing-impaired adults. The profile produces scales of preintervention disability, handicap, reported hearing aid use, reported benefit, satisfaction, and residual disability, obtained over a combination of prespecified listening circumstances and those nominated by individual hearing-impaired listeners. A validity criterion for the GHABP and other contenders for use in the evaluation of such services is proposed and justified. The outcome scales from the GHABP are demonstrated to exhibit the power to discriminate between hearing aid fittings, and the instrument is proposed as a suitable candidate for a routine service monitoring indicator as part of a program of quality assurance and standards.
Abbreviations: GHABP = Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile, HDABI = Hearing Disability and Aid Benefit Interview, SII = Speech Intelligibility Index
Disrupting bonding in azoles through beryllium bonds: Unexpected coordination patterns and acidity enhancement
Authors: Montero-Campillo M. Merced , Mó Otilia , Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José , Yáñez Manuel 
Published: April 2022

Although triazoles and tetrazole are amphoteric and may behave as weak acids, the latter property can be hugely enhanced by beryllium bonds. To explain this phenomenon, the structure and bonding characteristics of the complexes between triazoles and tetrazoles with one and two molecules of BeF2 have been investigated through the use of high-level G4 ab initio calculations. The formation of the complexes between the N basic sites of the azoles and the Be center of the BeF2 molecule and the (BeF2)2 dimer leads to a significant bonding perturbation of both interacting subunits. The main consequence of these electron density rearrangements is the above-mentioned increase in the intrinsic acidity of the azole subunit, evolving from a typical nitrogen base to a very strong nitrogenous acid. This effect is particularly dramatic when the interaction involves the (BeF2)2 dimer, that is, a Lewis acid much stronger than the monomer. Although the azoles investigated have neighboring N-basic sites, their interaction with the (BeF2)2 dimer yields a monodentate complex. However, the deprotonated species becomes extra-stabilized because a second N–Be bond is formed, leading to a new five-membered ring, with the result that the azole-(BeF2)2 complexes investigated become stronger nitrogenous acids than oxyacids such as perchloric acid.
Leading-edge elongation by follower cell interruption in advancing epithelial cell sheets
Authors: Okimura Chika , Iwanaga Misaki , Sakurai Tatsunari , Ueno Tasuku , Urano Yasuteru , Iwadate Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Collective cell migration is an important phenomenon in the developmental process of living organisms and even in mature individuals. The cells in the collective are accurately classified into leader cells, which lead the collective at the leading edge, and follower cells. We found that in the collective migration of keratocytes, the epidermal cells of fish responsible for wound repair, a mechanical interaction between two leader cells and a single follower cell can forcibly break the connection between the two leader cells and transform the follower cell into a leader cell.
Point defect localization and cathodoluminescence emission in undoped ε-Ga2O3
Authors: Hidouri Tarek , Parisini Antonella , Dadgostar S , Jimenez J , Fornari R 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, experimental and theoretical investigations have been performed on nominally undoped ϵ-Ga2O3 films deposited on (0001)-Al2O3 substrates by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy using different O and Ga precursor ratios. Hydrogen and helium were used as carrier gas. Low-temperature cathodoluminescence (CL) broad emissions extending over the range 1.5–3.4 eV were deconvoluted in five peaks, whose position, integrated intensity, and full width at half maximum were investigated in the temperatures range 80 K–300 K. A non-monotonic behavior of the extracted CL peaks is observed, which is attributed to localization phenomena connected with families of point defects. The behavior of two main luminescence emissions with temperature has been simulated using the localized state ensemble model. The derived parameters agree with the experimental observations and provide a new interpretation of micro-and macroscale disorder inside ϵ-Ga2O3 and related potential fluctuations.
Inverse method for the reconstruction of contact stress in point contact with surface profile measurement
Authors: Lin Q , Sun C , Chen J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Based on the boundary element method (BEM) and surface profile measurement, a method is developed to solve the inverse problems with point contact. The missing contact stress is modeled by six contact parameters. Using the BEM, the contact parameters are related to the surface profiles after deformation. The contact parameters is optimized with a global optimization algorithm by minimizing the difference between the modeled and measured surface profiles. A numerical example is adopted to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method as well as its robustness against the noises introduced to the surface profiles. Subsequently, the inverse method is used for the reconstruction of the contact stress in the point contact. The agreement between the reconstructed results and the applied load validates the effectiveness of the inverse method in engineering practice.
On the calculation of the relative biological effectiveness of ion radiation therapy using a biological weighting function, the microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) and subsequent corrections (non-Poisson MKM and modified MKM)
Authors: Parisi Alessio , Furutani Keith M. , Beltran Chris J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective. To investigate similarities and differences in the formalism, processing, and the results of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) calculations with a biological weighting function (BWF), the microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) and subsequent modifications (non-Poisson MKM, modified MKM). This includes: (a) the extension of the V79-RBE10% BWF to model the RBE for other clonogenic survival levels; (b) a novel implementation of MKMs as weighting functions; (c) a benchmark against Chinese Hamster lung fibroblast (V79) in vitro data; (d) a study on the effect of pre- or post- processing the average biophysical quantities used for the RBE calculations; (e) a possible modification of the modified MKM parameters to improve the model accuracy at high linear energy transfer (LET). Methodology. Lineal energy spectra were simulated for two spherical targets (diameter = 0.464 or 1.0 μm) using PHITS for 1H, 4He, 12C, 20Ne, 40Ar, 56Fe and 132Xe ions. The results of the in silico calculations were compared with published in vitro data. Main results. All models appear to underestimate the RBE
α
of hydrogen ions. All MKMs generally overestimate the RBE50%, RBE10% and RBE1% for ions with an LET greater than ∼200 keV μm−1. This overestimation is greater for small surviving fractions and is likely due to the assumption of a radiation-independent quadratic term of clonogenic survival (ß). The overall RBE trends seem to be best described by the novel ‘post-processing average’ implementation of the non-Poisson MKM. In case of calculations with the non-Poisson MKM, pre- or post- processing the average biophysical quantities affects the computed RBE values significantly. Significance. This study presents a systematic analysis of the formalism and results of widely used microdosimetric models of clonogenic survival for ions relevant for cancer particle therapy and space radiation protection. Points for improvements were highlighted and will contribute to the development of upgraded biophysical models.
Photosensitive Schottky diodes based on nanostructured thin films of graphitized carbon formed on Cd1−

x
Zn
x
Te crystalline substrates
Authors: Orletskyi I G , Ilashchuk M I , Solovan M M , Maistruk E V , Koziarskyi I P , Koziarskyi D P , Mostovyi A I , Ulyanytskiy K S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Photosensitive Schottky diodes of graphite/n-Cd1−x
Zn
x
Te were obtained by depositing thin films of graphitized carbon on crystalline substrates of n-Cd1−x
Zn
x
Te solid solution by electron beam evaporation. Based on the analysis of the single-phonon Raman spectra, it was found that the obtained films can be considered as nanocrystalline carbon structures with crystallite sizes of La
≈ 4.8 nm. From the research on the temperature dependencies of the I–V-characteristics and frequency dependencies of the C–V-characteristics, the main parameters of the structure were determined as well as the role of surface energy states in the formation of the profile of energy zones in the contact area. The main mechanisms of the forward and reverse currents are established. Using the diffusion theory of rectification, the height of the potential barrier was calculated and found to coincide with the experimentally determined value. A model of the diode energy diagram is proposed, which accurately describes the experimental electrophysical phenomena. The photoelectric properties of the graphite/n-Cd1−x
Zn
x
Te diodes were studied.
Global fluid simulation of plasma turbulence in a stellarator with an island divertor
Authors: Coelho A.J. , Loizu J. , Ricci P. , Giacomin M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Results of a three-dimensional, flux-driven, electrostatic, global, two-fluid turbulence simulation for a five-field period stellarator with an island divertor are presented. The numerical simulation is carried out with the GBS code, recently extended to simulate plasma turbulence in non-axisymmetric magnetic equilibria. The vacuum magnetic field used in the simulation is generated with the theory of Dommaschk potentials, and describes a configuration with a central region of nested flux surfaces, surrounded by a chain of magnetic islands, similar to the diverted configurations of W7-X. The heat outflowing from the core reaches the island region and is transported along the magnetic islands, striking the vessel walls, which correspond to the boundary of the simulation domain. The radial transport of particles and heat is found to be mainly driven by a field-aligned coherent mode with poloidal number m = 4. The analysis of this mode, based on non-local linear theory considerations, shows its ballooning nature. In contrast to tokamak simulations and experiments, where blobs often contribute to transport, we do not observe the presence of intermittent transport events.