bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced neural activity during volatile anesthesia compared to TIVA: evidence from a novel EEG signal processing analysis
Authors: Bickel Amitai , Maimon Neta B. , Molcho Lior , Intrator Nathan , Ivry Shimon , Gavrilov Alexey 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Post-operative cognitive dysfunction/decline is a well-known phenomenon and of crucial importance, especially in the elderly, emphasizing the significance of selecting the proper anesthetics. General anesthesia can be accomplished by inhalation-based (volatile) or total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). While their effects on post-operative symptoms have been investigated, little is known about their influence on brain functionalities during the surgery itself. Objective: To assess differences in brain activity between volatile and TIVA anesthetics during surgery. Methods: Seventeen patients who were electively scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, gave written informed consent to participate in the study and were randomly divided to receive either volatile anesthesia (n = 9), or TIVA (n = 8). The level of anesthesia was kept equal in both groups. A single bipolar EEG electrode (Aurora by Neurosteer®) was placed on each participant’s forehead. The electrode presented real-time activity and collected participants’ data during the surgery. The dependent variables included frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, and beta), and three features (VC9, ST4, and A0) previously extracted with the Aurora device and provided by Neurosteer®.Results: All surgeries were uneventful, and all patients showed bispectral index (BIS) scores less than 60. Feature activity under volatile anesthesia (in comparison to TIVA) was significantly lower for the delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands and for the three features (VC9, ST4, and A0). Further analysis showed that the largest difference between anesthesia types was for feature A0. Conclusions: Both EEG frequency bands and novel brain activity features provide evidence that volatile anesthesia further reduces components of brain activity in comparison to TIVA anesthesia. Specifically, A0, which previously showed a correlation with cognitive decline severity and cognitive load, exhibited the most prominent difference between anesthesia types. Together, this study suggests that measuring brain activity during anesthesia using sensitive features can reveal that different anesthesia types may affect brain activity differently, which could affect a patient’s recovery from anesthesia, and consequently reduce post-operative cognitive decline.
The relationship between lung fibrosis, EGFR and disease outcomes in Covid-19 pneumonia: A postmortem evaluation
Authors: Dülger Seyhan Us , Mutlu Nazmi , Ceylan İlkay , Özhan Erhan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the severity of fibrosis in the lung tissue and EGFR positivity in patients who died due to Covid-19 pneumonia, demographic characteristics, comorbidities, biochemistry values, and treatments they receive. Methods: Fifty patients who died with Covid 19 pneumonia were included in the study. Demographic data of the patients, laboratory tests, thorax CT findings, comorbidities, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), intubation times and treatments given were noted. Postmortem Tru-cut lung biopsy was performed. EGFR positivity was examined and grouped as negative, mild, moderate and severe. Data analyzed statistically. Results: EGFR involvement were negative in 11 (22%), mild in 20 (40%), moderate in 13 (26%), severe in 6 (12%) patients. The mean C-reactive protein (CRP), d.dimer and mean length of stay in the ICU were found to be statistically different between the groups (respectively p=0.024; p= 0.003; p=0.016). Methylprednisolone usage dose and presence of comorbidity did not differ significantly in EGFR involvement (respectively, p=0.79; p=0.98). CRP cutoff value for EGFR was 161 mg/L (p=0.02, sensitivity 0.667, specificity 0.659), d.dimer cutoff value was 9.75 (p=0.032, sensitivity 0.667, specificity 0.705). Conclusion: CRP and d.dimer values ​​can be a guide for the severity of pulmonary fibrosis that may develop in severe Covid-19 pneumonia patients . The dose of methylprednisolone used does not make a significant difference in the severity of fibrosis
Variation in the number and position of rDNA loci is one of the driving forces in the diversification and speciation in Nigella (Ranunculaceae)
Authors: Orooji Fatemeh , Mirzaghaderi Ghader , Kuo Yi-Tzu , Fuchs Jörg 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nigella is a small genus belonging to the Ranunculaceae family which is presumably originated and distributed in Aegean and the adjacent Western-Irano-Turanian region. Comparative repeat analysis of N. sativa, N. damascena and N. bucharica was performed using low-pass Illumina genomic reads followed by karyotyping and FISH mapping of seven Nigella species using the in silico identified repeats and rDNA probes. High- and moderate-copy repeat sequences occupy 57.52%, 59.01% and 64.73% of N. sativa, N. damascena and N. bucharica genomes, respectively. The majority (47.91% in N. sativa, 39.47% in N. damascena and 51.25% in N. bucharica) of the genomes are retrotransposons (class I transposons), while DNA transposons (class II transposons) contributed to only 1.50%, 1.60% and 2.19% of the genomes. The analyzed Nigella species possess large genomes of about 7.4 to 12.4 Gbp/1C, but only two satellite repeats in N. sativa, one in N. damascena and four in N. bucharica were identified, representing 0.75%, 1.21% and 1.45% of the genomes, respectively. An exceptionally high number of 45S rDNA loci was found in N. hispanica, each chromosome revealed at least one 45S rDNA site and one of them occurs in hemizygous condition. The observed three karyotype groups agreed with the ITS/rbcL-derived phylogeny. The detected variation in chromosome number, type and positioning of satellite repeats and localization of rDNA loci are possibly due to chromosomal rearrangements, rDNA repositioning and copy number changes.
Determination and quantification of bonediol contend in callus and cell suspension cultures of Bonellia macrocarpa
Authors: Castro-Martínez Cecilia , Guzmán Carlos Alberto Lecona , Luján-Hidalgo María Celina , Ruiz-Lau Nancy , Ventura-Canseco Lucia M. C. , Gómez María del Carmen Silverio , Gutiérrez-Miceli Federico A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Plant growth regulators naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-Benzylamino purine (BAP) were evaluated at different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mgL-l) in three different explants (leaf, stem, and root) on the induction of responses morphogenic. In the suspension cell culture establishment, callus obtained from the stem were used and two concentrations of coconut water (20 and 40% v/v) were evaluated to increase the disintegration of the cell suspension. Bonediol was quantified using the HPLC technique in callus obtained from different explants (leaf, stem, and root) and suspension cell cultures. Higher callus formation was obtained in stem explants, with BAP at 1.0 mgL-l indirect organogenesis was obtained and with 2,4-D at 0.5 and 1.0 mgL-l somatic embryogenesis. Bonediol concentration detected was 49.57 mg/g callus, derived from stem explant. During the cultivation of cells in suspension, greater disintegration of the compact calli was observed with 20% coconut water. Bonediol concentration in suspension cell cultures was 24.44 mg/g dry cell. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on callus formation as well as the quantification and determination of bonediol content in callus and suspension cells of Bonellia macrocarpa.
m1A Regulator ALKBH1 and TRMT10B as Potential Prognostic Biomarkers and Related to Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Jiahao , Li Luohong , Huang Sike , Zhang Zhen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background N1-methyladenosine (m1A) RNA methylation is crucial in the carcinogenesis and tumorous molecular pathogenesis. However, the detailed pathogenic mechanism of m1A regulators in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) has not been comprehensively researched. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of m1A in PAAD prognosis and tumor microenvironment (TME).Methods The relationship between m1A regulators and the PAAD prognosis was analyzed with cBioportal database. RNA-seq transcriptome was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases for differential expression analysis. The role of m1A regulators in the PAAD TME was analyzed with TISIDB database and R software. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed by The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID).Results In PAAD, we discovered 10 m1A regulators correlated to poor prognosis and were all upregulated. While up-regulated ALKBH1 and TRMT10B were associated with a better prognosis in PAAD patients. Further research found that ALKBH1 and TRMT10B significantly upregulated the infiltrating level of immune cells, especially CD4+ T cells. Additionally, they also affected the expression of immunomodulators, including CD276, TMEM173, TNFSF9, etc. Finally, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis proved that ALKBH1 and TRMT10B influenced the PAAD development by regulating the RNA polymerase II.Conclusion Promoted expression of ALKBH1 and TRMT10B was significantly related with a better prognosis in PAAD, the possible mechanism of which might associate with the alternation of the TME. ALKBH1 and TRMT10B were potential prognosis biomarkers and possible immunotherapeutic targets for PAAD.
A novel bivalent anti-c-MET/PD-1 bispecific antibody exhibits potent cytotoxicity against c-MET/PD-L1-positive colorectal cancer
Authors: Sun Zujun , Gu Chenzheng , Wang Xuan , Shang Anquan , Quan Wenqiang , Wu Junlu , Ji Ping , Yao Yiwen , Liu Wenfang , Li Dong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Previously, we generated a novel bispecific antibody (BsAb) targeting c-MET and PD-1 (PDCD1), which can bridge T cells and c-MET positive tumor cells. This study investigated functional mechanisms and antitumor activities of our BsAb against c-MET/PD-L1 (CD274) positive colorectal cancer (CRC). The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to evaluate c-MET expression in tumor tissues. The expression of plasma exosomal c-MET/PD-L1 in CRC patients was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Western blotting assay was performed to determine expression levels of c-MET and molecular mechanism. The scratch wound healing migration assay and transwell chamber invasion assay were conducted to determine cell migratory and invasive abilities, respectively. A humanized mouse model was used to evaluate antitumor activity of the BsAb in vivo. The BsAb inhibited c-MET/PD-L1+ CRC cell migration and invasion and mediated strong antitumor activity against HCT116 tumors in mice. The BsAb induced the degradation of c-MET protein in a dose and time-dependent manner. The BsAb suppressed the phosphorylation of c-MET downstream proteins GRB2-associated-binding protein 1 (Gab1) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). The BsAb promoted macrophage phagocytosis. Furthermore, the level of plasma exosomal-c-MET/PD-L1 distinguished CRC patients from healthy controls. The BsAb exhibited potent anti-tumor activities by two distinguished mechanisms: inhibition of c-MET signal transduction and promotion of macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Our BsAb may provide a novel therapeutic tool for patients with c-MET/PD-L1+ CRC, and the status of exosomal-c-MET/PD-L1 may be predictive responsiveness to treatment with our BsAb.
Distribution of Potential Ecological Risks and Sensitivity in Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang, Northwest China
Authors: Du Shanghai , Meng Lingjun , Xu Wenyan , Zhao Qunying , Zhao Hongyan , Ma Tianyi , Wu Shengyu , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Restricted by factors such as regional climate and natural geographical location, the Altay Prefecture of Xinjiang has a very fragile ecological environment. As a strategic reserve area of non-ferrous metals in China, the mineral resources are very rich, while the Western Development Strategy and "Belt and Road" strategy would cause a certain degree of harm to the regional ecological environment. In order to assess the vulnerability of regional ecological environment, 41 soil sampling points were arranged in Altay Prefecture, and the spatial distribution map of heavy metals in soil was drawn. Among them, the content of Cu and Zn exceeded the soil background value most seriously, accounting for 28.73% and 19.37% respectively. The improved potential pollution risk index method was used to evaluate the risk of heavy metal pollution in the soil environment of Altay Prefecture. The results showed that the area of low risk areas in Altay Prefecture was the largest, accounting for 34.06%. The total area of high-risk and very high risk areas accounts for 24.98%, about 1/4 of the total area. Finally, based on multi-index factors such as topography, precipitation, soil type, soil media, vegetation types, lithology, geological disasters, heavy metal pollution, a comprehensive evaluation system of ecological environment sensitivity was constructed. The ecological environment sensitivity in Altay Prefecture was divided into four levels, and the proportion of each level area from high to low was: medium sensitive area (59.74%)＞low sensitive area (18.79%)＞high sensitive area (12.09%)＞extremely sensitive area (9.38%). Accurate assessment of the pollution risk of heavy metals and the vulnerability of ecological environment is crucial, which will provide scientific basis and theoretical support for the decision-making of relevant government agencies in Altay Prefecture.
Comparison of the analgesic effect of inhaled lavender vs vanilla essential oil for neonatal frenotomy: a randomized clinical trial (NCT04867824)
Authors: Maya-Enero Silvia , Fàbregas-Mitjans Montserrat , Llufriu-Marquès Maria Rosa , Candel-Pau Júlia , Garcia-Garcia Jordi , López-Vílchez María Ángeles 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: It is necessary to treat neonatal pain because it may have short and long-term adverse effects. Frenotomy is a painful procedure where sucking, a common strategy to relieve pain, cannot be used because the technique is performed on the tongue. In a previous randomized clinical trial, we demonstrated that inhaled lavender essential oil (LEO) reduced the signs of pain during neonatal frenotomy. We aimed to find out whether inhaled vanilla essential oil (VEO) is more effective in reducing pain during frenotomy than LEO.Methods: Randomized clinical trial with neonates who underwent a frenotomy for type 3 tongue-ties between May and October 2021. Pain was assessed using pre and post-procedure heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SatO2), crying time and NIPS score. Patients were randomized into “experimental” and “control” group. In both groups, we performed swaddling, administered oral sucrose, and let the newborn suck for two minutes. We placed a gauze pad with one drop of LEO (control group) or of VEO (experimental group) under the neonate’s nose for two minutes prior to and during the frenotomy.Results: We enrolled 142 patients (71 per group). Both groups showed similar NIPS scores (2.02 vs 2.38) and crying times (15.3 vs 18.7 s). We observed no differences in HR increase or in SatO2 decrease between both groups. We observed no side effects in either of the groups.Conclusions: We observed no appreciable difference between LEO and VEO, therefore we cannot conclude which of them was more effective in treating pain in neonates who underwent a frenotomy.
Associations of childhood violence experience and intimate partner violence during adulthood among women in Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Ross Christina , Gower Amy L , Smith Jessica G , Manenzhe Tovhowani , Netshiongolwe Rabelani , Maphula Angelina , Ingersoll Karen S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and Purpose: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with lifelong health risks, including intimate partner violence (IPV). The Republic of South Africa (RSA) has the world’s highest rate of IPV. We sought to understand how childhood exposure to violence related to women’s experiences of IPV in rural Limpopo, RSA, to inform intervention development.Participants and Setting: Participants were 50 adult women from villages near Thohoyandou and 57 adult female students at the University of Venda.Methods: Participants completed a questionnaire including demographic characteristics. IPV victimization and perpetration in adulthood were measured using the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale. We compared female village residents and university students using descriptive statistics. Multivariable logistic regressions examined relationships between childhood violence exposure and adulthood victimization and perpetration of psychological, physical, and sexual violence.Results: Childhood violence exposure significantly predicted adulthood victimization by minor (\({\chi }^{2}\)(1) = 4.540, 𝑝=.033) and severe psychological aggression (\({\chi }^{2}\)(1) = 6.965, 𝑝=.008), and severe physical assault (\({\chi }^{2}\)(1) = 6.130, 𝑝=.013). Witnessing IPV during childhood predicted women’s perpetration of minor sexual coercion \(({\chi }^{2}\)(1) = 5.971, 𝑝=.015). Community-women were more likely to perpetrate severe physical assault than university women (16.1%) (X^2(1) = 4.10, p = .043).Conclusions: Childhood exposure to violence was significantly related to women’s IPV victimization and perpetration experiences in adulthood. Interventions to promote conflict resolution skills in adult partner relationships and reduce IPV are needed for men and women. Action is needed to minimize ACEs among girls, such as witnessing violence between adult intimate partners.
Pastoral Neolithic Communities of Kenya Subsistence Patterns: Ethnoarchaeological Analysis
Authors: Maina david , Ngari lazarus , Gitu kennedy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper attempts to reconstruct pastoral Neolithic (PN) communities of southern western Kenya subsistence patterns. Generally, subsistence patterns of PN have mainly been reconstructed through cultural materials and food remains found in the archaeological sites. As the basis of the reconstruction of prehistoric and historic subsistence patterns, these sources are inadequate due to the relative generalization of pastoralists’ behaviors and their choices regarding acquiring, preparation and subsequent disposal of food remains. Fundamentally, the aim of this study was to interrogate the subsistence strategies of PN sites of Ngamuriak using ethnographic study of contemporary Maasai community. Thus, middle range theory whereby ethnographic information was employed to interrogate the findings. Notably, data from one months of participant observation, extensive oral interviewing and administration of the survey to 40 households shows that some of the food consumed by pastoralists’ communities cannot be traced in archaeological data. Key findings demonstrate that a considerable percentage of foods are acquired, prepared, consumed and disposed away from the homestead. On the other hand, pastoralists’ communities will venture into other forms of subsistence such as crop agriculture, fishing or hunting and gathering when circumstances allow hence they are not fixed in livestock as their only mode of subsistence. Finally, diversification is one of the key adaptation strategies that enable nomadic people to settle in one area for a long time. These findings should, therefore, trigger a dialogue on shortcomings of archaeological remains as the only basis of interpreting subsistence patterns of Pastoral Neolithic communities as well as insistence of using better methods such as froth floating in future to search for carbonized seeds in these Pastoral Neolithic sites.
Public Health Expenditure and its relation with Health Status – Evidence from the North Eastern states of India
Authors: Sarmah Bijita , Goswami Nivedita 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Health of the people is considered highly significant for the socio-economic development of a nation. Investment on health is an investment on human resource development. Hence it is necessary to allocate adequate funds to the health sector in a planned and wise manner. To get a clear picture about the health scenario of north eastern states of India, this paper first tries to analyse the trend of public health expenditure made by both state and central government after the launch of NRHM in the year 2005. Despite the fact that health expenditure exhibits a positive trend but it is yet to reach its target of investing 2–3% of GDP. More focus is to be drawn towards the development of this sector. Therefore it becomes very important to know the relation between health expenditure and health status. Dynamic panel analysis is used and found that health expenditures and health status exhibits positive relation, health status of the people increases with increase in expenditure.
The development and validation of the pandemic medication-assisted treatment questionnaire for the assessment of the impact of pandemic crises on medication management and administration for patients with opioid use disorders
Authors: Leventelis Christonikos , Katsouli Alexandra , Stavropoulos Vasileios , Karasavvidou Anna , Papadopoulos Panagiotis , Barmpas Petros T. , Tasoulis Sotiris , Veskoukis Aristidis S. , Tsironi Maria 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic and the globally applied restriction measures mainly affect vulnerable population groups, such as patients with opioid use disorders. Towards inhibiting SARS-COV-2 spread, the medication-assisted treatment (MAT) programs follow strategies targeting reduction of in-person psychosocial interventions, and increase of take-home doses. However, there is no available instrument to examine the impact of such modifications on diverse health aspects of patients under MAT. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the PANdemic Medication-Assisted Treatment Questionnaire (PANMAT/Q) to address the pandemic effect on the management and administration of MAT. In total, 463 patients under ΜΑΤ participated. Our findings indicate that PANMAT/Q has been successfully validated exerting reliability and validity. It can be completed within approximately 5 minutes, and its implementation in research settings is advocated. PANMAT/Q could serve as a useful tool to identify the needs of patients under MAT being in high risk for relapse and overdose.