bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical Ethics in Clinical Practice
Authors: Dutta Asok Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Medical ethics is important for every medical practitioner. A doctor should acquire sound knowledge on medical ethics which is very much important in clinical practice. Medical ethics is a system of moral principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine. Medical ethics derive from numerous sources. Physicians face ethical dilemmas more frequently as community relies on physicians for critical services. Ethics are a useful element for solving these dilemmas. Medical ethics based on four basic principles: autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice. Physicians are expected to have higher standards than the law. The code of medical ethics provides a guide line in the context of doctor patient relationship and the society.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 9 - 11
Pre Medication With Midazolam in Children For Smooth Separation From Parents: A Comparison Of Two Different Routes of Administration
Authors: Billah KM Baki , Alam AKM Shamsul , Chowdhury Gulshan Ara , Khatun Syeda Nafisa , Tipu Md Rezaul Hoque , Khan Shameema Hossain , Chowdhury Shahnaj Jahan , Muhsin Syed Md 
Published: October 2022

Premedication with midazolam is widely used in paediatric anaesthesia to reduce fear, anxiety, emotion, psychological trauma and ensure smooth separation from parents. However, various routes and dosing regimens are recommended for paediatric premedication and variable efficacy is found when use in different routes. The aim of our study to compare the efficacy and acceptable route between intranasal versus sublingual midazolam premedication for smooth separation from parents before entering the operation theater. It will be a comparative, cross-sectional prospective clinical study. 120 unmedicated children, ASA I or II, Age 1–6 years, who will be scheduled for routine elective surgery and who will be planned to receive midazolam as a premedicant drug, will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups. Group–I receives intranasal midazolam 0.2 mg kg-1 and Group–II receives sublingual midazolam 0.2 mg kg-1 after having obtained the parent’s informed consent. Heart rate, Systolic blood pressure, SpO2, Sedation and Anxiolysis Scores will be assessed in 4-point scale by the anaesthesiologist every 3 min prior to surgery. Sixty patients will be enrolled in each group, I and II. Data will be compiled and analyzed in computer, using statistical software package SPSS.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 24 - 30
The Effect of Multistrain Probiotic Formulation On Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients : A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Khosruzzaman SM , Ishaque SM , Ahmed Dewan Saifuddin , Kabir Md Anwarul , Ahmed Ershad Uddin , Jannat Syeda Nur E 
Published: October 2022

Probiotic formulation is useful in reducing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. To assess effectiveness of multistrain probiotics with standard treatment than standard treatment alone. This was a randomized control trial conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, BSMMU, from July 2015 to June 2016. Patients with diagnosed case of IBS using Rome III criteria, absence of red flag sign like anemia, fever, weight loss, per rectal bleeding, nocturnal frequency, family history of IBD, cancer and age 18-55 years, no probiotics used in prior 3 months were included in the study. Patients were divided into group A (Standard treatment) and group B (Probiotics with standard treatment). Symptom severity scores especially for abdominal pain, global symptom severity were assessed at baseline, at one month interval during treatment for two months and one month post treatment. Mean age of the patients was 31.64 ± 9.72 years and 32.17 ± 10.03 years with no statistical significant difference with male female ratio of 4.2:1 and 3.06:1 in group A and group B respectively. Severity of abdominal pain, frequency of pain in every 10 days, severity of abdominal distension, satisfaction with bowel syndrome, frequency of open bowels per day gradually reduced in both groups but was higher in group B than group A (P<0.05). Passing mucus with motion was gradually reduced in both groups but the decrement was higher in group A than group B (p<0.05). Multistrain probiotics with standard treatment is more effective in reducing IBS symptoms than standard treatment alone.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 31- 38
Pattern of Antihypertensive Drugs Used For Hospitalised Adult Patients
Authors: Khanom Mehrunnissa , Hossain Md Amir , Zahed ASM , Das Joyabrata 
Published: October 2022

Hypertension is a leading contributor to global burden of cardiovascular as well as cerebrovascular mortality and morbidity. This paper presents a study on prescription patterns of antihypertensive drugs at medicine ward of a private hospital. An observational study was done for 6 months period (1st March 2015 to 30th August 2015) on 82 Patients at Medicine ward of Southern Medical College Hospital. The objectives of this study were to identify whether monotherapy or combination therapy was most effective in controlling blood pressure, to identify types of antihypertensive drugs most commonly prescribed, to find out most preferred combinations and to see if prescription pattern complied with existing guidelines.Patients of 18 years old or above diagnosed as hypertensive according to JNC-7 and those being prescribed with antihypertensives as well as given consent for the study were included. Among 82 hypertensive patients, male constituted 53.7% and female 46.3%. Monotherapy was prescribed for 42.7% and combination therapy for 57.3% patients. 42.7% received two drugs, 13.4% received three drugs and 1.2% received four drug combinations. Of all monotherapy users, Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) was most prescibed, used in 77.2% cases. Regarding combination therapy, most preferred combination was ARB and calciumchannel- blocker, used in 44.6% cases. Olmesartan (79.4%) was most preferred as ARB. Combination therapy was more preferred than monotherapy and two drug combination was mostly selected. Angiotensin Receptor Blocker was mostly used agent. Existing guidelines had implications in prescribing pattern of antihypertensive drugs.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 39- 43
Effects of Moringa Oleifera Lam. Leaf Extracts On the Histology of Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Ata Maliha , Jahangir Selim Mohammmed , Islam Mahbubul , Islam Saiful 
Published: October 2022

This study was designed to evaluate the Hepatoprotective effect of extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leafon the Histology of the liver of albino rats. Thirty (30) adult albino rats were divided into five (5) groups. Group 1 was the Control group that received distilled water for 7 days, group 2 was the vehicle control group that received single dose of 2 ml of propylene glycol and group 3 received single dose of Paracetamol (2gm/kg ), Group 4 recieved only extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaffor 7 days and Group 5 was pre-treated with 500 mg/kg of the ethanolic plant extract of Moringa oleifera for 7 days and before inducing the liver damage on the 7th day with 2gm/kg of paracetamol. On the 9th day rats were sacrificed and the liver was fixed immediately in Formalin. The liver tissues was processed and stained in Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). The histological observations showed that the plant extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. prevent liver damage.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 44 - 49
Exploring the Relationship Between Bisphenol A, Iodine and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Chowdhury Sumon Rahman , Zhenzhen Zhou , Kamal Abu Hena Mostafa , Talukder Mujibul Huq 
Published: October 2022

Bisphenol A, one of the environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals, was shown to have a weak estrogen activity and could disrupt thyroid function to some degree. Iodine, which is the most essential microelement that is used for the synthesis of thyroid hormones in humans, was proven to give rise to thyroid diseases, such as thyroiditis, thyroid nodular goiter, and so on. There are relatively very few studies that have considered the role that both Iodine and Bisphenol A play in the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, this crosssectional observational study was carried out to explore the relationship between Iodine, Bisphenol A and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. The study included 113 subjects aged from 20 years to 80 years selected from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from February 2015 to September 2015 and 65 healthy volunteers residing in Jinan, P.R. China. We compared the differences of the concentrations of Urinary Iodine, Urinary Bisphenol A and Serum Bisphenol A among patients of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, nodular goiter and normal population. In the PTC and nodular goiter group, urinary BPA and Iodine concentrations were significantly higher than controls stating that the excretion of Iodine and BPA were increased. Meanwhile 23 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (43%) had excessive iodine nutrition compared to only 6 volunteers with excessive iodine intake in the control group (9%). These findings suggest that excessive dietary iodine intake is a risk factor for thyroid cancer. Moreover, the significant association between urinary creatine-adjusted BPA and iodine suggest that they might have a synergistic effect on the thyroid.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 50 - 59
Correlation of HBeAg and Alanine Aminotransferase In Chronic Hbv Carriers
Authors: Akther Shamima , Husain Md Anwar , Hossain HS Mubarak , Chowdhury AHM Saiful Karim 
Published: October 2022

Hepatitis B is a major public health problem worldwide, more than 350 million people have chronic infection in which may develop cirrhosis or cancer of the liver. The present study carried out among 61 previously diagnosed chronic hepatitis B patients. Among the 61 cases, 13(21.3%) were HBeAg positive and 48(78.7%) were HBeAg negative. In HBeAg positive cases, 53.85% had elevated and 46.15% had normal ALT levels. In contrast, majority (75%) of HBeAg negative patients had normal ALT levels. There was significance difference between HBeAg and ALT (p<0.05). In conclusion, the present study observed that there was positive correlation among HBeAg and ALT status in chronic HBV carriers. The combination of routine serology and biochemical test may be considered as an alternative to HBV DNA in evaluating the state of chronic HBV infection.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 60 - 62
Role of Uric Acid as a Prognostic Factor in Acute Myocardial Infacrtion
Authors: Chowdhury Md Zahangir Alam , Sarwar Mirza Golam , Jalil Md Abdul 
Published: October 2022

Uric acid has been proven to be a negative prognostic indicator in patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. So the aim of the present study is to evaluate the uric acid as a predictor of outcome after acute myocardial infarction. A total of 120 patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction were included in the study where case were the AMI with heart failure and arrhythmia and control were the only Ami patients. Patients were evaluated in relation with clinical features, risk factors, complications, heart failure with Killip Class and serum uric acid level. Sociodemographic profiles of the study populations were matched in case and control group. Regarding different biochemical variables of case and control where serum uric acid was found significantly higher among the case group than the control (p<0.05). Among different risk factors of MI where hypertension, smocking, DM and sedentary lifestyle were found common in both case and control group showing the different signs of the case and control where all were more or less common among both groups. Serum uric acid level and arrhythmia class among the case group. Regarding prognostic evaluation of uric acid after MI where complete recovery, arrhythmia, recurrent MI, hospital stay and death was significantly found associated with risk stratification. Serum uric levels are raised during an episode of myocardial infarction and more so when the patient is in heart failure. There is a positive correlation between rising serum uric acid levels with higher Killip Class at the time of admission. Thus uric acid can be used as a prognostic indicator in patients presenting with myocardial infarction more so if they are in heart failure.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 63- 66
Study on Relationship Between Postprandial Triglycerides With Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Hossain Md Kamal , Ahmed Farhena , Suhrawardy SM , Hoque Mahmudul , Khatun Monira , Akter Nasrin 
Published: October 2022

Overweight and obesity are the major health problem in both developed and devloping countries. Various lipid abnormalities are observed in overweight and obese population. The objective of the study to evaluate relationship between postprandial triglycerides with overweight and obesity.The present case control study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Chittagong Medical College. Samples were collected from population of different area of Chittagong City Corporation of different occupations, age from 35-60 years. The data were collected by a structured questionaries. BMI was calculated by standardized protocol.Serum triglycerides was estimated at fasting, 2 hours postprandial and 4 hours postprandial condition and was analyzed in the semi auto analyzer.In the obtained results of this study the mean BMI of female was significantly (p <0.05) higher than that of male. Regarding fasting triglycerides there was a significant difference between values of serum triglycerides of cases and controls (p <0.001) . In respect of postprandial serum triglycerides value the mean value were significantly higher than of controls (p <0.001). Increased serum fasting TG was observed in 73% but increased postprandial serum triglycerides was observed in a higher score, ie, 92% cases in two hours postprandial and 81% cases in four hours postprandial.Study showed that post prandial hypertriglyceridemia was the common lipid abnormality in overweight and obese population.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 67 - 71
A Comparison of Different Doses of Sufentanil Combined With Flurbiprofen Axetil In Postoperative Analgesia for Children Undergoing Innominate Osteotomy in China
Authors: Chowdhury Alvira Jafar , Barua Subrata , Das Pritam , Wei Wang Rui , Yuan Zhang Meng 
Published: October 2022

To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of different doses of sufentanil combined with flurbiprofen axetil in children undergoing innominate osteotomy. Ninety children scheduled for elective innominate osteotomy under general anesthesia were enrolled and randomly divided into 3 groups. All the children received 1mg/kg flurbiprofen axetil intravenously before skin incision for pre-emptive analgesia. Patient Controlled Intravenous Analgesia (PCIA) was started at the end of the operation with the following composition: Sufentanil 1.5 g/kg and ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg in 0.9% NS 100ml (Group N1) sufentanil 2.0 g/kg and ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg in 0.9% NS 100ml (Group N2) and sufentanil 2.5 g/kg and ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg in 0.9% NS 100ml (Group N3). FLACC scores and Ramsay sedation scores were recorded at 2, 4 ,8 ,12 ,24 and 36h after the operation;the PCA button press number and side effects were observed and recorded. FLACC scores in group N1 were higher than group N2 and N3 (p<0.05).Ramsay scores in group N1 were lower than group N2 and N3 (p<0.05).There were no significant differences in FLACC scores and Ramsay scores between group N1 and N2 (p> 0.05).The incidence of side effects was significantly higher in group N3 compared with group N1 and N2 (p<0.05). Combined with 1mg/kg flurbiprofen axetil for preemptive analgesia , PCIA with sufentanil 2.0 g/kg and ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg in 0.9% NS 100ml may be an effective postoperative analgesia solution for children undergoing innominate osteotomy ,with less side effects.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 77 - 80
Giant Salivary Calculi of the Submandibular Gland Duct : A Case Report
Authors: Hossain HS Mubarak , Ahmad Ashfaq , Amin Mamoon Ibn , Akther Shamima 
Published: October 2022

Giant sialoliths are classified as those exceeding 15 mm in any one dimension.Sialolithiasis is the most common disease of salivary glands and approximately 80% of all reported cases of sialoliths occur in the sub mandibular salivary gland and its duct. A case of unusually large sialolith arising in the submandibular salivary gland duct presented which was removed surgically through per-oral approach.It was measured to be 38 mm along with its greatest length and 15 mm wide.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 81 - 83
Pregnancy With Malignant Ovarian Tumour With Good Out Come : A Case Report
Authors: Kabir Shanjida , Akther Shahena , Majumder Afroza Akter , Pasha Meah Sarwar Kamal 
Published: October 2022

The incidence of cancer during pregnancy is increased in recent years. The rate of increase is attributed to, not only higher rate of cancer in general, but also to a delay in child-bearing age. We report such an uncommon case of pregnancy with malignant ovarian tumor. Our case is a 26 years 2nd gravida presented at 32 weeks of her pregnancy with acute abdomen in emergency department of BBMH, USTC. A thorough clinical examination and investigation revealed pregnancy with ovarian tumor with sub-acute intestinal obstruction. The patient is treated with surgery followed by chemotherapy. Now the patient is normal without evidence of disease upto 12 months with a healthy Baby. The case is selected due to the rarity of the condition and the diagnostic dilemma when it presents during pregnancy.
JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 84 - 86
Intervenções do farmacêutico clínico na identificação e prevenção de problemas relacionados à farmacoterapia em um hospital de ensino terciário
Authors: Cardoso Damaris Santana , Barros Izadora Menezes da Cunha , Lisboa Júlia Santana , Matos Luiz Eduardo Oliveira , Santos Gilvaneza Piedade 
Published: October 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as intervenções farmacêuticas com enfoque na prevenção de problemas relacionados à farmacoterapia. Esse estudo possui uma abordagem quantitativa e de caráter transversal e descritivo. Os dados foram obtidos no recorte do período de janeiro a novembro de 2021. Foram incluídos neste estudo todos os pacientes internados em um Hospital Universitário de Sergipe, dentro do período descrito anteriormente, que necessitaram de intervenção farmacêutica. Para tanto, as variáveis de interesse analisadas foram divididas em três eixos: I) dados dos pacientes: a) idade, b) sexo e c) comorbidades; II) os problemas relacionados com medicamentos detectados e III) intervenções farmacêuticas realizadas e sua aceitabilidade. Após a coleta, os dados foram registrados separadamente em planilhas do Microsoft Excel® e analisadas por técnicas de tendência central. A população estudada compreendeu 357 pacientes, sendo do sexo masculino (53,5%; n=191), com ao menos uma comorbidade, em suas maiores partes hipertensão (48%; n=205), diabetes (27%; n=115) e dislipidemia (6%; n=26). A maior parte das intervenções (64%; n=325) foram aceitas e dessas a maioria estava relacionada ao ajuste de dose, medicamento em falta, necessidade de medicamento adicional e via de administração. Das intervenções farmacêuticas que não foram aceitas, observou-se que 26% (n=129) dos prescritores não justificaram e 10% (n=52) justificaram. Diante dos resultados apresentados, pode-se perceber que a grande parte das intervenções farmacêuticas foram aceitas, o que pode estar relacionado com o avanço da compreensão do papel do farmacêutico clínico na equipe de saúde. Estas mudanças trazem benefícios nos desfechos clínicos e nos parâmetros da farmacoeconomia, uma vez que, a atuação da equipe multidisciplinar visa promover uma farmacoterapia adequada e segura para o paciente, através da prevenção de problemas relacionados a medicamentos bem como do seu uso racional.
Avaliação comparativa da distância percorrida, da função pulmonar e da qualidade de vida após reabilitação cardiorrespiratória com e sem fotobiomodulação transcraniana em indivíduos com espasticidade – Estudo piloto
Authors: Pinto Ana Paula , Lemos Sérgio Luiz , Fagundes Alessandra de Almeida , Lopes-Martins Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão , Neves Marcele Florêncio das , Lima Fernanda Pupio Silva , Lima Mário Oliveira 
Published: October 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da reabilitação cardiorrespiratória (RC) isolada e associada a fotobiomodulação transcraniana (Ft) na distância percorrida (DP), função pulmonar e qualidade de vida de indivíduos com espasticidade. Os participantes foram alocados em dois grupos: Grupo fotobiomodulação transcraniana (GF, RC + Ft ativa, n=8) e Grupo placebo (GP, RC + Ft simulada, n=7). A RC consistiu em 12 semanas de tratamento, 2x semana por 1 hora, incluindo exercícios aeróbicos, respiratórios e resistidos de membros inferiores. Para Ft utilizou-se o cluster de laser (λ= 680 nm e 3 Lasers no λ= 808 nm, energia total de 36 J/ponto) nos pontos F7, F8, AFz. Foram avaliadas a DP, espirometria, manovacuometria e SF-36 na avaliação basal e reavaliação com 8 e 12 semanas. A DP aumentou em 165,43 metros e 222,46m em 12 semanas para GF e GP, respectivamente, com diferenças estatísticas intragrupos (p<0,05) e sem diferença intergrupos (p>0,05). Observou-se aumento no índice pico de fluxo expiratório apenas no GF na análise basal x12 semanas (p<0,05). O GF apresentou aumento da PImax e PEmax em 20% (8 semanas) e 15% (12 semanas). No SF-36, a diferença em relação ao basal, verificou-se os domínios aspectos físicos e dor para o GF comportamento de crescimento, e para o GP de decréscimo. Concluiu-se que a DP melhorou no GF e GP pós-intervenção, sem efeito potencializador do desempenho no GF e que a Ft parece ter influenciado na mecânica respiratória do GF e nos aspectos físicos e dor do SF-36.
Eficiência da poda verde em cucurbitáceas
Authors: Brasileiro Pedro Henrique Santos , Pessenti Isabela Leticia 
Published: October 2022

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da poda verde em diferentes culturas e cultivares de cucurbitáceas, visando um aumento de produção de flores e frutos. foi utilizada a cultura da melancia ´´Citrullus lanatus`` e melão ``Cucumis melo``. o experimento foi implantado na região de telemaco borba (pr) em delineamento de blocos casualizados com 5 repetições sendo 3 cultivares de melancia (flairflex, crinson sweet e congo) e 1 cultivar de melão (caipira), para critérios de avaliação foram colhidos os frutos e em laboratório foi determinado os valores de sólidos solúveis, brix, ph e ratio. e para critérios de produção foi determinado valores de peso, altura e diâmetro.