bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inferring FDG-PET-positivity of lymph node metastases in proven lung cancer from contrast-enhanced CT using radiomics and machine learning
Authors: Gorodetski Boris , Becker Philipp Hendrik , Baur Alexander Daniel Jacques , Hartenstein Alexander , Rogasch Julian Manuel Michael , Furth Christian , Amthauer Holger , Hamm Bernd , Makowski Marcus , Penzkofer Tobias 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
We evaluated the role of radiomics applied to contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in the detection of lymph node (LN) metastases in patients with known lung cancer compared to 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/CT as a reference.

Methods
This retrospective analysis included 381 patients with 1,799 lymph nodes (450 malignant, 1,349 negative). The data set was divided into a training and validation set. A radiomics analysis with 4 filters and 6 algorithms resulting in 24 different radiomics signatures and a bootstrap algorithm (Bagging) with 30 bootstrap iterations was performed. A decision curve analysis was applied to generate a net benefit to compare the radiomics signature to two expert radiologists as one-by-one and as a prescreening tool in combination with the respective radiologist and only the radiologists.

Results
All 24 modeling methods showed good and reliable discrimination for malignant/benign LNs (area under the curve 0.75−0.87). The decision curve analysis showed a net benefit for the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) classifier for the entire probability range and outperformed the expert radiologists except for the high probability range. Using the radiomics signature as a prescreening tool for the radiologists did not improve net benefit.

Conclusions
Radiomics showed good discrimination power irrespective of the modeling technique in detecting LN metastases in patients with known lung cancer. The LASSO classifier was a suitable diagnostic tool and even outperformed the expert radiologists, except for high probabilities. Radiomics failed to improve clinical benefit as a prescreening tool.
Enhancing the stability of CT radiomics across different volume of interest sizes using parametric feature maps: a phantom study
Authors: Jensen Laura J. , Kim Damon , Elgeti Thomas , Steffen Ingo G. , Schaafs Lars-Arne , Hamm Bernd , Nagel Sebastian N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In radiomics studies, differences in the volume of interest (VOI) are often inevitable and may confound the extracted features. We aimed to correct this confounding effect of VOI variability by applying parametric maps with a fixed voxel size.

Methods
Ten scans of a cup filled with sodium chloride solution were scanned using a multislice computed tomography (CT) unit. Sphere-shaped VOIs with different diameters (4, 8, or 16 mm) were drawn centrally into the phantom. A total of 93 features were extracted conventionally from the original images using PyRadiomics. Using a self-designed and pretested software tool, parametric maps for the same 93 features with a fixed voxel size of 4 mm3 were created. To retrieve the feature values from the maps, VOIs were copied from the original images to preserve the position. Differences in feature quantities between the VOI sizes were tested with the Mann-Whitney U-test and agreement with overall concordance correlation coefficients (OCCC).

Results
Fifty-five conventionally extracted features were significantly different between the VOI sizes, and none of the features showed excellent agreement in terms of OCCCs. When read from the parametric maps, only 8 features showed significant differences, and 3 features showed an excellent OCCC (≥ 0.85). The OCCCs for 89 features substantially increased using the parametric maps.

Conclusions
This phantom study shows that converting CT images into parametric maps resolves the confounding effect of VOI variability and increases feature reproducibility across VOI sizes.
Study on restless leg syndrome and its relationship with quality of sleep among the general population of Mangalore, India
Authors: Joseph Nitin , Suresh Sooraj , Prasad Satwiki , Malwee Swaraj Mandar , Brittas Anand , Gupta Vedant 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological morbidity. It is, however, a frequently underdiagnosed medical condition. This study was hence done to assess the occurrence and severity of RLS among participants and to study its determinants and its association with quality of sleep. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among the general population of Mangalore in July 2021. Data were collected using a Google Form. The International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Rating Scale was used to diagnose RLS and its severity. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality.

Results
The prevalence of RLS among the 202 participants was 24(11.9%). Among them, 5 were already diagnosed with RLS. Their mean age at onset was 40.4 ± 25.3 years. Among the rest 197 participants, 19(9.6%) were newly diagnosed with RLS. The severity of RLS was mild, moderate and severe among 7(36.8%), 9(47.4%) and 3(15.8%) participants, respectively. Five (26.3%) of the 19 newly diagnosed participants were identified as RLS sufferers. In multivariable analysis, the presence of diabetes mellitus and family history of RLS were associated with the presence of RLS among the participants. The mean Global PSQI value was 5.0 ± 3.1. Sleep latency was prolonged (p = 0.001), and sleep disturbances (p = 0.01) were higher among participants newly diagnosed with RLS (n = 19) compared to those without RLS (n = 178). Subjective sleep quality was poor (p = 0.038), and sleep disturbances (p = 0.016) were more among participants with severe degree RLS.

Conclusions
The prevalence of RLS in the present study was higher than that reported in previous Indian studies. Unpleasant sensations in RLS affected sleep initiation and maintenance among the affected. A multi-disciplinary approach is required to control its determinants and address other sleep-related problems among the RLS affected population.
Perioperative management of acquired TEF repair in a child with Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report
Authors: Sen Indu Mohini , Menon Prema , Puri Sunaakshi , Kumar Raj , Bansal Deepak 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Acquired tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a rare presentation in pediatric lymphoma patients. Most heal spontaneously following chemotherapy/radiotherapy without requiring surgery.

Case presentation
A 10-year-old child is presented with persistent tracheoesophageal fistula after completion of chemotherapy for Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The mid-tracheal location of the fistula had significant implications in terms of airway management. Securing the airway with a microcuff tube helped meet the goals of achieving adequate ventilation while preventing airway contamination and permitting the repair without any complication.

Conclusions
The index case posed surgical and anesthetic challenges due to the size and location of the fistula. However, timely surgical intervention improved the quality of life of the child as well as that of the parents.
Links between host genetics, metabolism, gut microbiome and amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Schaal Patrick , Cheaib Bachar , Kaufmann Joshka , Phillips Karl , Ryder Liz , McGinnity Phil , Llewellyn Martin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundRapidly spreading parasitic infections like amoebic gill disease (AGD) are increasingly problematic for Atlantic salmon reared in aquaculture facilities and potentially pose a risk to wild fish species in surrounding waters. Currently, it is not known whether susceptibility to AGD differs between wild and farmed salmon. Wild Atlantic salmon populations are declining and this emerging disease could represent an additional threat to their long-term viability. A better understanding of how AGD affects fish health is therefore relevant for the accurate assessment of the associated risk, both to farming and to the well-being of wild populations. In this study, we assessed the impact of natural exposure to AGD on wild, hybrid and farmed post-smolt Atlantic salmon reared in a sea farm together under common garden conditions.ResultsWild fish showed substantially higher mortality levels (64%) than farmed fish (25%), with intermediate levels for hybrid fish (39%) suggesting that AGD susceptibility has an additive genetic basis. Metabolic rate measures representing physiological performance were similar among the genetic groups but were significantly lower in AGD-symptomatic fish than healthy fish. Gut microbial diversity was significantly lower in infected fish. We observed major shifts in gut microbial community composition in response to AGD infections. In symptomatic fish the relative abundance of key taxaAliivibrio,MarinomonasandPseudoalteromonasdeclined, whereas the abundance of PolaribacterandVibrioincreased compared to healthy fish.ConclusionsOur results highlight the stress AGD imposes on fish physiology and suggest that low metabolic-rate fish phenotypes may be associated with better infection outcomes. We consider the role increased AGD outbreak events and a warmer future may have in driving secondary bacterial infections and in reducing performance in farmed and wild fish.
Value of montelukast as a potential treatment of post-COVID-19 persistent cough: a non-randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Mohamed Hussein Aliae A. R. , Ibrahim Mohamed Eltaher A. A. , Makhlouf Hoda A. , Makhlouf Nahed A. , Abd-Elaal Howaida K. , Kholief Karima M. S. , Sayed Islam G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
This pilot study included 68 cases with post-COVID-19 persistent cough (> 8 weeks), randomly allocated into two groups; intervention group (32 patients) received standard cough therapy, and montelukast 10 mg/day for 14 days and control group (36 patients) received only cough sedatives.

Results
We found a significant improvement in the number of cough paroxysms/day, cough severity visual analog scale, cough severity index and cough quality of life, shorter duration improvement, and minimal side effects in the interventional group.

Conclusions
We suggest that montelukast may be effective to reduce the duration and severity of the persistent post-COVID-19 cough and further improve quality of life.
Outcomes After Nonresponse and Relapse Post-Tisagenlecleucel in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Schultz Liora M. , Eaton Anne , Baggott Christina , Rossoff Jenna , Prabhu Snehit , Keating Amy K. , Krupski Christa , Pacenta Holly , Philips Christine L. , Talano Julie-An , Moskop Amy , Baumeister Susanne H.C. , Myers Gary Douglas , Karras Nicole A. , Brown Patrick A. , Qayed Muna , Hermiston Michelle , Satwani Prakash , Wilcox Rachel , Rabik Cara A. , Fabrizio Vanessa A. , Chinnabhandar Vasant , Kunicki Michael , Mavroukakis Sharon , Egeler Emily , Li Yimei , Mackall Crystal L. , Curran Kevin J. , Verneris Michael R. , Laetsch Theodore W. , Stefanski Heather 
Published: September 2022

PURPOSE Nonresponse and relapse after CD19-chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy continue to challenge survival outcomes. Phase II landmark data from the ELIANA trial demonstrated nonresponse and relapse rates of 14.5% and 28%, respectively, whereas use in the real-world setting showed nonresponse and relapse rates of 15% and 37%. Outcome analyses describing fate after post-CAR nonresponse and relapse remain limited. Here, we aim to establish survival outcomes after nonresponse and both CD19+ and CD19– relapses and explore treatment variables associated with inferior survival. METHODS We conducted a retrospective multi-institutional study of 80 children and young adults with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia experiencing nonresponse (n = 23) or relapse (n = 57) after tisagenlecleucel. We analyze associations between baseline characteristics and these outcomes and establish survival rates and salvage approaches. RESULTS The overall survival (OS) at 12 months was 19% across nonresponders (n = 23; 95% CI, 7 to 50). Ninety-five percent of patients with nonresponse had high preinfusion disease burden. Among 156 morphologic responders, the cumulative incidence of relapse was 37% (95% CI, 30 to 47) at 12 months (CD19+; 21% [15 to 29], CD19–; 16% [11 to 24], median follow-up; 380 days). Across 57 patients experiencing relapse, the OS was 52% (95% CI, 38 to 71) at 12 months after time of relapse. Notably, CD19– relapse was associated with significantly decreased OS as compared with patients who relapsed with conserved CD19 expression (CD19– 12-month OS; 30% [14 to 66], CD19+ 12-month OS; 68% [49 to 92], P = .0068). Inotuzumab, CAR reinfusion, and chemotherapy were used as postrelapse salvage therapy with greatest frequency, yet high variability in treatment sequencing and responses limits efficacy analysis across salvage approaches. CONCLUSION We describe poor survival across patients experiencing nonresponse to tisagenlecleucel. In the post-tisagenlecleucel relapse setting, patients can be salvaged; however, CD19– relapse is distinctly associated with decreased survival outcomes.
Keeping an Open Mind About Open Notes: Sharing Anesthesia Records With Patients
Authors: Ramaswamy Priya , Xie James , Marsiglio Angela M. , Burgart Alyssa M. , Schmiesing Cliff A. , Cohen Neal H. , Robinowitz David L. , Wang Ellen 
Published: September 2022

ADDENDUM:
Please note that in the interim since this paper was accepted for publication, new governmental regulations, pertinent to the topic, have been approved for implementation. The reader is thus directed to this online addendum for additional relevant information: http://links.lww.com/AA/E44
Stimulating the sir2–spargel axis rescues exercise capacity and mitochondrial respiration in a Drosophila model of Barth syndrome
Authors: Damschroder Deena , Zapata-Pérez Rubén , Richardson Kristin , Vaz Frédéric M. , Houtkooper Riekelt H. , Wessells Robert 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Cardiolipin (CL) is a phospholipid required for proper mitochondrial function. Tafazzin remodels CL to create highly unsaturated fatty acid chains. However, when TAFAZZIN is mutated, CL remodeling is impeded, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and the disease Barth syndrome. Patients with Barth syndrome often have severe exercise intolerance, which negatively impacts their overall quality of life. Boosting NAD+ levels can improve symptoms of other mitochondrial diseases, but its effect in the context of Barth syndrome has not been examined. We demonstrate, for the first time, that nicotinamide riboside can rescue exercise tolerance and mitochondrial respiration in a Drosophila Tafazzin mutant and that the beneficial effects are dependent on sir2 and spargel. Overexpressing spargel increased the total abundance of CL in mutants. In addition, muscles and neurons were identified as key targets for future therapies because sir2 or spargel overexpression in either of these tissues is sufficient to restore the exercise capacity of Drosophila Tafazzin mutants.
A General Large-Scale Fabrication of Tin Oxide with Interfacial Engineering via Trichloropropylsilane for Hysteresis-Free MAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells Exceeding 20% PCE
Authors: Zhou Peng , Liu Liu , Cheng Jiahao , Jiao Chuanjia , Song Kemeng , Shan Chengcai , Li Wangnan , Liang Guijie , Wang Jingyang , Huang Fuzhi , Cheng Yi-Bing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We demonstrate a facile chemical bath deposition (CBD) of SnO2 films as excellent ETLs using a low temperature method (70 °C). The vacuum drying treatment and trichloropropylsilane (C3H7Cl3Si, Cl-Si) are employed for surface modification on SnO2 films due to the hygroscopicity of most metal oxides. The results reveal that the water molecules adsorbed on the CBD-SnO2 films can be desorbed by vacuum drying, and the hydrolysis products of Cl-Si can bond to SnO2 films through hydroxyl groups. Thus, the hydrophobicity of CBD-SnO2 is enhanced by employing the Cl-Si treatment, which is beneficial to improve the crystallinity of MAPbI3. The Cl-Si modified SnO2 films exhibit efficient electron extraction and hole blocking ability due to the higher electronic conduction band energy level than the pristine SnO2. Consequently, the MAPbI3 PSCs based on the hydrophobic Cl-Si/SnO2 exhibit a high PCE of 20.12% with low hysteresis, retaining 80% of the initial PCE after 500 h without any encapsulation at ambient condition. The 5 × 5 cm2 PSC modules prepared with this strategy achieve 15.24% efficiency (14.44% at forward scanning) with an aperture area of 10 cm2.
Kinematics analysis and calibration of a 6-degree of freedom light load collaborative robot
Authors: Wang Dianjun , wang zilong , Chen Ya , Cui Zhiguo , Zhu Yadong , Wu Chao 
Published: September 2022

Background: In the process of carrying small forgings and other materials, the trajectory error of the 6-degree of freedom light-load collaborative robot will lead to the deviation of forgings placement position. The kinematics analysis and calibration of 6-degree of freedom light load collaborative robot are performed to solve the problem of trajectory error. Methods: The quaternion and cubic spline interpolation methods are adopted to plan the trajectory of the 6-degree of freedom light load collaborative robot. Based on the kinematic error model, the least squares estimation method is adopted to estimate the parameter error of the robot's connecting rod, and the parameter compensation values of each joint are obtained. Results: The kinematic calibration experiment shows that the coordinates of the robot end center are basically consistent with the actual coordinates after compensation, which verifies the rationality of the kinematic model and calibration method. Conclusions: The study lays the theoretical foundation for the trajectory error correction of the light load collaborative robot.
Novel behavioral model in evaluating initiation and sustenance of teeth brushing behavior among students pursuing health sciences: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Panjwani Dhiraj , Pai Mithun , Yellapurkar Shweta , Poddar Aayush Anand , Rajesh Gururagavendra 
Published: September 2022

Background: Oral hygiene maintenance is a crucial and integral feature in determining the overall wellbeing of a person. It has been established that interventions for health promotion at the public health level derived from theoretical models based on social and behavioural sciences have a superior effectiveness as compared to the ones without a theoretical background. Hence a novel behavioral model known as the multi-theory model (MTM) was used to understand two important aspects of health behavior change: (i) Initiation and (ii) Sustenance in twice daily teeth brushing in a university setting with objectives to identify factors effecting MTM in initiation and sustenance of twice daily brushing behavior among students pursuing health sciences and correlating the MTM theory with socio-demographic and behavioral patterns. Methods: The study is an analytical cross-sectional study. Students pursuing Medicine and Dentistry in a University setting were included. A validated questionnaire was designed for this study. Questions were framed to evaluate the constructs of initiation and sustenance of MTM, personality, sleeping habits and demographic corelates of participants. Multiple means between the groups were compared using analysis of variance and a post hoc test. Correlation was established between different domains, the items were then entered for hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Of the 235 participants in the study, 229 completed the questionnaire. There was a significant association between brushing quartiles, professional streams (p<0.001) and academic performance (p<0.001). The hierarchical multiple regression revealed that at stage one, behavioral confidence contributed significantly to the regression model (F (1,227) = 33.227, p<0.001) and accounted for 12.4% of the variation in twice daily brushing. Conclusion: MTM is a good tool in predicting the initiation and sustenance of twice daily brushing behavior among young adults and can form a useful tool in assessing the patterns of brushing behavior in a population.
Comparison between the effects of two treatment regimens from GINA guidelines step 3 on quality of life and inflammatory biomarkers of pediatric asthmatic patients: an observational study
Authors: M. Jabbar Rawaa , L. Jasim Ali 
Published: September 2022

Background: Asthma is a complicated condition characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airflow restriction, resulting in various respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. The research intended to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of two interchangeable treatment regimens administered to a group of Iraqi asthmatic children. Methods: This observational clinical study was conducted on a sample of pediatric Iraqi asthmatic patients in the central pediatric hospital in Baghdad. The study enrolled asthmatic children with moderate persistent asthma, who a specialized physician had diagnosed. Patients had been allocated to two groups to receive either medium doses of beclomethasone inhaler (80 μg twice a day) for group one, or low doses (40 μg twice a day) plus montelukast chewable tablets (5 mg once daily) for group two. This study used the Child Health Survey–child version (CHS–child version) to investigate the quality of life of included patients. Also, this study investigated the inflammatory blood markers; (eosinophils and prostaglandin D2). Results: This research included 63 patients ranging in age from 7 to 11 years, with a slight male preponderance: group one patients (n=30) and group two patients (n=33). Compared with baseline levels, the study groups had considerably higher quality of life scores at the first follow-up visit (P<0.05). After that, the two groups' scores were non-significantly higher at the second follow-up visit compared with the first follow-up visit (P>0.05). Both groups significantly improved inflammatory biomarkers at the first follow-up visit (P <0.05). The second follow-up visit revealed further improvement in both groups. Conclusion: This research found that both groups generated substantial improvements in study parameters compared with baseline values and that the second group, which included a beclomethasone inhaler with montelukast, was associated with the highest degree of improvement in terms of quality-of-life ratings.