bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implantação, funcionamento e relevância do banco de dentes humanos para o ensino e pesquisa em Odontologia: disposições gerais
Authors: Cadilho Julio Cesar Ramos , Silva Warley Oliveira , Alves Flávio Rodrigues Ferreira 
Published: August 2022

O Banco de Dentes Humanos (BDH) está presente em muitas instituições de ensino superior com cursos de Odontologia, e tem como propósito destinar dentes humanos extraídos para a pesquisa científica ou treinamento pré-clínico de acadêmicos, seguindo os mais elevados princípios éticos. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura sobre os bancos de dentes nas instituições de ensino superior, com enfoque em sua importância, apresentando os parâmetros gerais para sua estruturação e funcionamento. O processo de implantação do Banco de Dentes requer além de espaço físico, um regulamento interno, equipamentos para adequação dos dentes, termos e documentos de consentimento e doação. A correta adequação física e química (desinfecção e armazenamento) dos dentes é fundamental para sua manipulação segura, mas não deve interferir nas suas propriedades estruturais. Neste contexto, a implantação do Banco de Dentes viabiliza práticas de ensino e pesquisas de maneira legalizada e segura, reduzindo o comércio ilegal de dentes e garantindo um destino significativo para os mesmos.
Adoção e aceitação de tecnologia por pessoas idosas: um protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Carvalho Juliana Cordeiro , Cipolli Gabriela Cabett , Cliquet Lilian Ourem Batista Vieira , Pessoa Lucas Parente , Cachioni Meire 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Identificar a adoção e a aceitação do uso das tecnologias pelo público idoso. métodos: A metodologia da Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) será utilizada para buscar na literatura indexada nos idiomas publicados em inglês, espanhol e português. Serão coletadas em 20 bases de dados, as listas de referência dos estudos incluídos serão pesquisadas manualmente. Dois autores avaliarão os títulos, resumos e textos completos de forma independente de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade. Um formulário de extração de dados customizado será utilizado para realizar a extração de dados dos estudos incluídos, que serão: (1) Estudos em inglês, português e espanhol; (2) estudos que envolvem pessoas idosas (60 anos ou mais) e que usem tecnologias; (3) estudos empíricos com dados quantitativos, transversais ou longitudinais, (4) cartas ao editor e editoriais, (5) publicados em todos os anos disponíveis (1993 a 2022). resultados: Os resultados serão apresentados em formato de tabela com resumo narrativo.
Comparative Screening of Hybrids and Synthetic Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivars for Drought-Sensitive and Drought-Tolerant Under Different Irrigation Regimes
Authors: Shah Muhammad Nadeem , Hussain Shabir , Ali Hakoomat , Khan Mehrab , Jamil Humaira , Bukhari Anum , Ali Shahkar , Naveed Muhammad , Sohail Muhammad 
Published: August 2022

Water scarcity is the most serious issue in crop production around the globe. Because of less water availability, various breeding and agronomic management techniques are being used to cope with this issue. For this purpose, a pot experiment was performed to screen hybrids and synthetic maize cultivars for drought-tolerance under various irrigation regimes at green-house of Agronomic Research Farm, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan during 2017. Experimental treatments comprise five maize hybrids viz. H1=DK-6317, H2=DK-6724, H3=P-1543, H4=P-1429, and H5= P-1574 and three locally synthetic maize cultivars viz. S1= Neelum, S2= Pak- Afghoi, and S3= Sadaf and three irrigation regimes viz. Control (CK) =80%WHC (water holding capacity), low drought (LD) =60% WHC and severe drought (SD) =40% WHC. It was resulted that irrigation regimes significantly affect growth and plant water relation. Results regarding maize hybrids growth showed that maximum plant height (5.20, 46.8 and 38.77 cm), number of leaves (6.41, 6.19, and 5.65), leaf area per plant (415.5, 361.5 and 305.8 cm2), dry weight of shoot per plant (6.09, 5.09 and 4.39 g) and dry weight of root per plant (0.85, 0.82 and 0.78 g) was obtained from DK-6724 under CK, LD and SD, respectively. While the minimum plant height (45.23, 36.47 and 28.87 cm), number of leaves (5.38, 5.05 and 4.79), leaf area per plant (11.87, 10.99 and 10.01 cm2), dry weight of shoot per plant (5.71, 4.75 and 4.02 g) and dry weight of root per plant (0.66, 0.63 and 0.61 g) was measured in P-1429 under CK, LD and SD, respectively. Likewise, in synthetic cultivars, Neelum performed well followed by Pak-Afghoi and Sadaf in all irrigation regimes. Results regarding plant water relation revealed that DK-6724 and Neelum maintained their osmotic potential and are considered as drought-tolerant. While P-1429 and Sadaf could not maintain their osmotic potential and were considered as drought-sensitive under normal and drought stress.
Need for HTA supported risk factor screening for hypertension and diabetes in Nepal: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Adhikari Chiranjivi , Dhakal Rojana , Adhikari Lal Mani , Parajuli Bijaya , Subedi Khem Raj , Aryal Yeshoda , Thapa Arjun Kumar , Shah Komal 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveHealth Technology Assessment (HTA) is a comprehensive and important tool for assessment and decision-making in public health and healthcare practice. It is recommended by the WHO and has been applied in practice in many countries, mostly the developed ones. HTA might be an important tool to achieve universal health coverage (UHC), especially beneficial to low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC). Even though the Package for Essential Non-communicable Diseases (PEN) has already been initiated, there is a clear policy gap in the HTA of any health device, service, or procedure, including the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in Nepal. Hence, we carried out the review to document the HTA supported evidence of hypertension and diabetes screening, as CVRFs in Nepal.Materials and methodsWe searched in PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, along with some gray literature published in the last 6 years (2016–2021) in a systematic way with a controlled vocabulary using a well-designed and pilot tested search strategy, screened them, and a total of 53 articles and reports that matched the screening criteria were included for the review. We then, extracted the data in a pre-designed MS-Excel format, first in one, and then, from it, in two, with more specific data.ResultsOf 53 included studies, we reported the prevalence and/or proportion of hypertension and diabetes with various denominators. Furthermore, HTA-related findings such as cost, validity, alternative tool or technology, awareness, and intervention effectiveness have been documented and discussed further, however, not summarized due to their sparingness.ConclusionOverall, the prevalence of DM (4.4–18.8%) and HTN (17.2–70.0%) was reported in most studies, with a few, covering other aspects of HTA of DM/HTN. A national policy for establishing an HTA agency and some immediately implementable actions are highly recommended.
Associations between obesity parameters and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation and ischaemic stroke in the different age groups
Authors: Ahn Hyo-Jeong , Lee So-Ryoung , Choi Eue-Keun , Han Kyung-Do , Rhee Tae-Min , Kwon Soonil , Kim Sunwha , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveObesity and aging are important predisposing factors to atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischaemic stroke (IS). However, limited data comprehensively evaluated the relationships between obesity measurements and AF and IS in different ages.MethodsA total of 9,432,332 adults from the Korean National Health Insurance Service Database were included. The study population was categorized into the six age subgroups by an increase every decade from the twenties. We evaluated AF and IS risk according to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the different age groups.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 8.2 ± 1.0 years, BMI-AF presented a J-shaped association across ages. The highest hazard ratio (HR) of the BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 group was observed in subjects aged 30–39 years [HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.63–1.98, p &lt; 0.001]. Underweight adults over 60 years also presented an increased AF risk. Incident IS risk increased in those with BMI over the normal range in early and midlife, but the association became obscured in adults aged &gt; 60 years. Among the BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 groups, subjects aged 20–29 years presented the highest risk of IS [HR 3.00, 95% CI (2.34–3.84), p &lt; 0.001]. Overall, WC-AF and WC-IS showed positive linear correlations, but the WC-IS association was weak in subjects aged ≥ 40 years.ConclusionThe higher risks of AF and IS according to an increment of BMI and WC were most apparent among the young ages. The association between obesity measurements and IS was not significantly above the midlife. Weight management in the young and integrated risk factor management in the elderly are warranted.
Impact of preexisting diabetes mellitus on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Juan , Sun Yimeng , Gong Dandan , Fan Yu 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of preexisting diabetes mellitus on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) by conducting a meta-analysis.MethodsPubMed and Embase databases were comprehensively searched for relevant studies publishing until May 19, 2022. Cohort studies or post-hoc analyses of clinical trials that investigated the association of diabetes mellitus with cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in AF patients were included.ResultsA total of 21 studies with 526,136 AF patients were identified. The pooled prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with AF was 26%. The summary multivariable-adjusted risk ratio (RR) of all-cause mortality was 1.37 (95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.23–1.53) for patients with diabetes versus those without diabetes. Moreover, diabetes mellitus was also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (RR 1.46; 95% CI 1.34–1.58). Stratified analyses suggested that the impact of diabetes on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was consistently observed in each named subgroup.ConclusionThe presence of diabetes mellitus in patients with AF is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, even after adjustment for important confounding factors.
Abortion as an Essential Health Service in Latin America During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ramón Michel Agustina , Ariza Navarrete Sonia , Chávez Susana 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe rapid increase in demand for health services as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak has created significant challenges for health systems. National and international health authorities have declared reproductive health services as essential, particularly those related to prevention, care during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum, as well as abortion services. This research was conducted by a regional team in cooperation with nine local organizations that are members of the Latin American Consortium against Unsafe Abortion (Consorcio Latinoamericano Contra el Aborto Inseguro, CLACAI).ObjectivesOur research aimed to examine the provision of reproductive healthcare services, with a focus on abortion, in nine countries during the first few months of the pandemic (March to September 2020).MethodsOur research design developed a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators to monitor the availability and accessibility of abortion services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers collected the quantitative data by reviewing regulations and other documents, government and civil society reports, and official statistics; the qualitative data was acquired through interviews with key actors, and non-representative surveys completed by healthcare professional and end users of reproductive services.ResultsAlthough six of the nine countries we researched deemed reproductive health services essential, only two of these six countries considered abortion services to be essential, and all nine countries reported difficulties in accessing abortion services. Restrictive abortion laws remained in place in the majority of countries (seven), and as a result access to abortion services became even more limited than it had been before the pandemic. At the same time, good practices to facilitate access to abortion services in healthcare facilities, updated regulatory frameworks, and collaboration between civil society and government agencies were identified and should continue to be promoted even after the pandemic crisis has subsided.ConclusionsThe pandemic catalyzed what was already happening in each country, and as such abortion services have become more accessible in countries like Argentina, where the so-called green wave has been generating social, legal and policy changes, whereas in countries such as Ecuador, where abortion is legally restricted and opposed to by the government, access to safe abortion became even more difficult than it was before the pandemic. However, the general trend has been a lack of adequate adaptation in order to guarantee quality in abortion care. That said, there have also been some interesting and positive service provision initiatives, such as telemedicine, implemented in at least two countries, which, if maintained long-term, could improve access to safe abortion.
A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals CLEC5A as a Biomarker for Cancer Immunity and Prognosis
Authors: Chen Rui , Wu Wantao , Chen Si-Yu , Liu Zheng-Zheng , Wen Zhi-Peng , Yu Jing , Zhang Long-Bo , Liu Zaoqu , Zhang Jian , Luo Peng , Zeng Wen-Jing , Cheng Quan 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundCLEC5A is a member of the C-type lectin superfamily. It can activate macrophages and lead to a series of immune-inflammation reactions. Previous studies reveal the role of CLEC5A in infection and inflammation diseases.MethodWe acquire and analyze data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, and other comprehensive databases via GSCALite, cBioPortal, and TIMER 2.0 platforms or software. Single-cell sequencing analysis was performed for quantifying the tumor microenvironment of several types of cancers.ResultsCLEC5A is differentially expressed in a few cancer types, of which overexpression accompanies low overall survival of patients. DNA methylation mainly negatively correlates with CLEC5A expression. Moreover, CLEC5A is positively related to immune infiltration, including macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune checkpoint genes are significantly associated with CLEC5A expression in diverse cancers. In addition, CLEC5A expression correlates with mismatch repair (MMR) in several cancers. Tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and neoantigens show a positive association with CLEC5A expression in several cancers. Furthermore, CLEC5A in cancer correlates with signal transduction, the immune system, EMT, and apoptosis process. The drug sensitivity analysis screens out potential therapeutic agents associated with CLEC5A expression, including FR-180204, Tivozanib, OSI-930, Linifanib, AC220, VNLG/124, Bexarotene, omacetaxine mepesuccinate, narciclasine, leptomycin B, PHA-793887, LRRK2-IN-1, and CR-1-31B.ConclusionCLEC5A overexpresses in multiple cancers in contrast to normal tissues, and high CLEC5A expression predicts poor prognosis of patients and immune infiltration. CLEC5A is a potential prognostic biomarker of diverse cancers and a target for anti-tumor therapy.
Influence of Co-morbidities During SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Indian Population
Authors: Matysek Adrian , Studnicka Aneta , Smith Wade Menpes , Hutny Michał , Gajewski Paweł , Filipiak Krzysztof J. , Goh Jorming , Yang Guang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSince the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic the interindividual variability in the course of the disease has been reported, indicating a wide range of factors influencing it. Factors which were the most often associated with increased COVID-19 severity include higher age, obesity and diabetes. The influence of cytokine storm is complex, reflecting the complexity of the immunological processes triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection. A modern challenge such as a worldwide pandemic requires modern solutions, which in this case is harnessing the machine learning for the purpose of analysing the differences in the clinical properties of the populations affected by the disease, followed by grading its significance, consequently leading to creation of tool applicable for assessing the individual risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsBiochemical and morphological parameters values of 5,000 patients (Curisin Healthcare (India) were gathered and used for calculation of eGFR, SII index and N/L ratio. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient formula was used for assessment of correlations between each of the features in the population and the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Feature importance was evaluated by fitting a Random Forest machine learning model to the data and examining their predictive value. Its accuracy was measured as the F1 Score.ResultsThe parameters which showed the highest correlation coefficient were age, random serum glucose, serum urea, gender and serum cholesterol, whereas the highest inverse correlation coefficient was assessed for alanine transaminase, red blood cells count and serum creatinine. The accuracy of created model for differentiating positive from negative SARS-CoV-2 cases was 97%. Features of highest importance were age, alanine transaminase, random serum glucose and red blood cells count.ConclusionThe current analysis indicates a number of parameters available for a routine screening in clinical setting. It also presents a tool created on the basis of these parameters, useful for assessing the individual risk of developing COVID-19 in patients. The limitation of the study is the demographic specificity of the studied population, which might restrict its general applicability.
Widespread aberrant functional connectivity throughout the whole brain in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Hou Ailin , Pang Xueming , Zhang Xi , Peng Yanmin , Li Dongyue , Wang He , Zhang Quan , Liang Meng , Gao Feng 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder with high prevalence and is associated with cognitive impairment. Previous neuroimaging studies have reported abnormal brain functional connectivity (FC) in patients with OSA that might contribute to their neurocognitive impairments. However, it is unclear whether patients with OSA have a characteristic pattern of FC changes that can serve as a neuroimaging biomarker for identifying OSA.MethodsA total of 21 patients with OSA and 21 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study and scanned using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The automated anatomical labeling (AAL) atlas was used to divide the cerebrum into 90 regions, and FC between each pair of regions was calculated. Univariate analyses were then performed to detect abnormal FCs in patients with OSA compared with controls, and multivariate pattern analyses (MVPAs) were applied to classify between patients with OSA and controls.ResultsThe univariate comparisons did not detect any significantly altered FC. However, the MVPA showed a successful classification between patients with OSA and controls with an accuracy of 83.33% (p = 0.0001). Furthermore, the selected FCs were associated with nearly all brain regions and widely distributed in the whole brain, both within and between, many resting-state functional networks. Among these selected FCs, 3 were significantly correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and 2 were significantly correlated with the percentage of time with the saturation of oxygen (SaO2) below 90% of the total sleep time (%TST &lt; 90%).ConclusionThere existed widespread abnormal FCs in the whole brain in patients with OSA. This aberrant FC pattern has the potential to serve as a neurological biomarker of OSA, highlighting its importance for understanding the complex neural mechanism underlying OSA and its cognitive impairment.
CRISPRi-mediated suppression of E. coli Nissle 1917 virulence factors: A strategy for creating an engineered probiotic using csgD gene suppression
Authors: Azam Mohd W. , Khan Asad U. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundBiofilm formation is a complex phenomenon, and it is the causative agent of several human infections. Bacterial amyloids are involved in biofilm formation leading to infection persistence. Due to antibiotic resistance, their treatment is a great challenge for physicians. Probiotics, especially E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), are used to treat human intestinal disorders and ulcerative colitis. It also expresses virulence factors associated with biofilm and amyloid formation. EcN produces biofilm equivalent to the pathogenic UPEC strains.MethodsCRISPRi was used to create the knockdown mutants of the csgD gene (csgD-KD). The qRT-PCR was performed to assess the expression of the csgD gene in csgD-KD cells. The csgD-KD cells were also evaluated for the expression of csgA, csgB, fimA, fimH, ompR, luxS, and bolA genes. The gene expression data obtained was further confirmed by spectroscopic, microscopic, and other assays to validate our study.ResultsCRISPRi-mediated knockdown of csgD gene shows reduction in curli amyloid formation, biofilm formation, and suppression of genes (csgA, csgB, fimA, fimH, ompR, bolA, and luxS) involved in virulence factors production.ConclusionCurli amyloid fibers and fimbriae fibers play a critical role in biofilm formation leading to pathogenicity. CsgD protein is the master regulator of curli synthesis in E. coli. Hence, curli amyloid inhibition through the csgD gene may be used to improve the EcN and different probiotic strains by suppressing virulence factors.
Differentiation between glioma recurrence and treatment effects using amide proton transfer imaging: A mini-Bayesian bivariate meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Kai , Jiang Xi-Wen , Deng Li-jing , She Hua-Long 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAmide proton transfer (APT) imaging as an emerging MRI approach has been used for distinguishing tumor recurrence (TR) and treatment effects (TEs) in glioma patients, but the initial results from recent studies are different.AimThe aim of this study is to systematically review and quantify the diagnostic performance of APT in assessing treatment response in patients with post-treatment gliomas.MethodsA systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Web of Science was performed to retrieve related original studies. For the single and added value of APT imaging in distinguishing TR from TEs, we calculated pooled sensitivity and specificity by using Bayesian bivariate meta-analyses.ResultsSix studies were included, five of which reported on single APT imaging parameters and four of which reported on multiparametric MRI combined with APT imaging parameters. For single APT imaging parameters, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.75–0.92) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.74–0.97). For multiparametric MRI including APT, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.85–0.97) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.55–0.97), respectively. In addition, in the three studies reported on both single and added value of APT imaging parameters, the combined imaging parameters further improved diagnostic performance, yielding pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.80–0.97) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.79–0.98), respectively, but the pooled sensitivity was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.65-0.93) and specificity was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.61–0.94) for single APT imaging parameters.ConclusionAPT imaging showed high diagnostic performance in assessing treatment response in patients with post-treatment gliomas, and the addition of APT imaging to other advanced MRI techniques can improve the diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing TR from TE.