bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole Exome Sequencing in Patients With Ectopic Posterior Pituitary
Authors: Silva Tatiane S , Faucz Fabio R , Hernández-Ramírez Laura C , Pankratz Nathan , Lane John , Kay Denise M , Lyra Arthur , Kochi Cristiane , Stratakis Constantine A , Longui Carlos A , Mills James L 
Published: August 2022

AbstractContextEctopic posterior pituitary (EPP), a condition in which the posterior pituitary gland is displaced due to defective neuronal migration, is frequently associated with hypopituitarism. Genetic variants play a role, but many cases remain unexplained.ObjectiveA large EPP cohort was studied to explore the importance of genetic variants and how they correlate with clinical findings.MethodsWhole exome sequencing was performed on a discovery sample of 27 cases to identify rare variants. The variants that met the criteria for rarity and biological relevance, or that were previously associated with EPP (ROBO1 and HESX1), were then resequenced in the 27 cases plus a replication sample of 51 cases.ResultsWe identified 16 different variants in 12 genes in 15 of the 78 cases (19.2%). Complete anterior pituitary deficiency was twice as common in cases with variants of interest compared to cases without variants (9/15 [60%] vs 19/63 [30.1%], respectively; Z test, P = 0.06). Breech presentation was more frequent in the variant positive group (5/15 vs 1/63; Z test, P = 0.003). Four cases had variants in ROBO1 and 1 in HESX1, genes previously associated with EPP. The ROBO1 p.S18* variant has not been reported previously; ROBO1 p.Q1227H has not been associated with EPP previously.ConclusionEPP cases with variants of interest identified in this study were more likely to present with severe clinical disease. Several variants were identified in genes not previously associated with EPP. Our findings confirm that EPP is a multigenic disorder. Future studies are needed to identify additional genes.
Women and Economics: New Historical Perspectives
Authors: Chassonnery-Zaïgouche Cléo , Forget Evelyn L. , Singleton John D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis essay is the introduction to the 2022 supplemental issue of History of Political Economy, titled Women and Economics: New Historical Perspectives. We first reflect on the historiography of economics and the relative absence of women and gender in the mainstream of the field. Three approaches to the history of women and economics are delineated: making visible women economists, outlining the impact of including women in a broader narrative about economics, and analyzing gender metaphors in economic thought. We then preview and describe the nine contributions included in the volume. In the last section, we consider what is next for this research agenda, arguing that there are two important challenges to historians of economics. The first challenge concerns the consequences of delegating women and gender to a separate history. The second challenge concerns the “silences” of unwritten, undeveloped, and unpreserved work in the history of economics and how the community engaged with the past of economics should reflect on these.
Two “Two Ostrom” Problems
Authors: Johnson Marianne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article considers the institutional and intellectual trajectory of Elinor Ostrom as an interdisciplinary scholar in the postwar period and how her contributions have been reframed after she became the first woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Economics. Two distinct but interrelated historiographical problems influence our perceptions of Ostrom. The first relates to the difficulties women face in dual-career partnerships that often affect their ability to establish independent academic careers and gain fair recognition for contributions to shared research programs. How Ostrom negotiated these challenges highlights the many and often hidden constraints professional women face. The second problem is how to gauge or weight the work of the Ostrom who was a multidisciplinary scholar of the commons with that of the Ostrom who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. Exploring her trajectory in public choice over a half century makes apparent the remarkable force a Nobel Prize exerts on post hoc appraisals of a career.
“Writing History as a Way of Life”: The Life and Work of Margaret Marie Garritsen de Vries
Authors: Laskaridis Christina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The name Margaret Marie Garritsen de Vries may not be the first that pops into people's minds when thinking about the International Monetary Fund. It is through her work, as the long-standing official Fund historian, that those interested in the Fund's history will travel. An operational economist during the first part of her career, her turn to history was the avenue through which she could continue it. Leaving a lasting impression on her colleagues, her institution, and the economics profession overall, she reaped recognition of her role in furthering the status of women in the profession, receiving prestigious awards, and through memorial funds set up in her name. The primary aim of this article is to piece together a brief biography. Studying the life of a woman economist turned historian in an international organization brings to light her contribution as an economist working in a predominantly male field—international monetary and financial issues. This article explores her work as a historian—the main area of work for which she gained recognition—and draws out some of the particularities of women's work in an international organization during this period.
Calculating Needs and Prescribing Properties: Chaiqian and the Commensuration of Value at Nanjing's Urban Edge
Authors: Wang Mengqi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article examines how local governments calculate and allocate compensation to displaced peasants in demolition-relocation projects, known as chaiqian 拆迁 (demolition and relocation projects), at the urban edge of eastern Nanjing. Based on twenty months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article shows that, contrary to popular imaginings, chaiqian in Nanjing do not exclude peasants from urban development but seek to exploit the uneven urban and rural property regimes and bring rural spaces, including people, real estate, and crops, into the urban system. The government-developer growth coalition, motivated by real estate–driven urban expansion, engineers this process with the aid of calculative technologies and protocols of commensuration. Moreover, technocrats such as chaiqian cadres and urban planners can never fully translate rural real estate into monetary value. They have to constantly update and negotiate protocols of calculation with property-owning villagers to solve emerging issues of commensuration. The villagers, on the other hand, engage with these technologies of valuation to raise claims to a larger share of wealth in chaiqian compensation. Demolition and relocation projects thus are not merely the execution of a developmental ideal but assemble urban accumulation as an ongoing process of value translation and transformation. They also show how urban accumulation at the edge of eastern Nanjing is a contested hegemonic process.
PFN4 is required for manchette development and acrosome biogenesis during mouse spermiogenesis
Authors: Umer Naila , Phadke Sharang , Shakeri Farhad , Arévalo Lena , Lohanadan Keerthika , Kirfel Gregor , Sylvester Marc , Buness Andreas , Schorle Hubert 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Profilin 4 (Pfn4) is expressed during spermiogenesis and localizes to the acrosome-acroplaxome-manchette complex. Here, we generated PFN4-deficient mice, with sperm displaying severe impairment in manchette formation. Interestingly, HOOK1 staining suggests that the perinuclear ring is established; however, ARL3 staining is disrupted, suggesting that lack of PFN4 does not interfere with the formation of the perinuclear ring and initial localization of HOOK1, but impedes microtubular organization of the manchette. Furthermore, amorphous head shape and flagellar defects were detected, resulting in reduced sperm motility. Disrupted cis- and trans-Golgi networks and aberrant production of proacrosomal vesicles caused impaired acrosome biogenesis. Proteomic analysis showed that the proteins ARF3, SPECC1L and FKBP1, which are involved in Golgi membrane trafficking and PI3K/AKT pathway, are more abundant in Pfn4−/− testes. Levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were elevated, whereas AMPK level was reduced, consistent with inhibition of autophagy. This seems to result in blockage of autophagic flux, which could explain the failure in acrosome formation. In vitro fertilization demonstrated that PFN4-deficient sperm is capable of fertilizing zona-free oocytes, suggesting a potential treatment for PFN4-related human infertility.
Non-cell-autonomous regulation of petal initiation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Takeda Seiji , Hamamura Yuki , Sakamoto Tomoaki , Kimura Seisuke , Aida Mitsuhiro , Higashiyama Tetsuya 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
In many flowering plants, petals initiate in alternate positions from first whorl sepals, suggesting possible signaling between sepal boundaries and petal initiation sites. PETAL LOSS (PTL) and RABBIT EARS (RBE) regulate petal initiation in Arabidopsis thaliana and their transcripts are expressed in sepal boundary and petal initiation sites, respectively, suggesting that PTL acts in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Here, we determined that cells expressing PTL and RBE fusion proteins did not overlap but were adjacent, confirming the non-cell-autonomous function of PTL. Genetic ablation of intersepal cells by expressing the diphtheria toxin-A chain gene driven by the PTL promoter resulted in flowers lacking petals, suggesting these cells are required for petal initiation. Transcriptome analysis combined with a PTL induction system revealed 42 genes that were upregulated under PTL activation, including UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO), which likely plays an important role in petal initiation. These findings suggest a molecular mechanism in which PTL indirectly regulates petal initiation and UFO mediates positional signaling between the sepal boundary and petal initiation sites.
Spatial uniformity of action potentials indicates base-to-apex depolarization and repolarization of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ventricle
Authors: Badr Ahmed , Hassinen Minna , Vornanen Matti 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The spatial pattern of electrical activation is crucial for a full understanding of fish heart function. However, it remains unclear whether there is regional variation in action potential (AP) morphologies and underlying ion currents. Because the direction of depolarization and spatial differences in the durations of ventricular APs set limits to potential patterns of ventricular repolarization, we determined AP morphologies, underlying ion currents and ion channel expression in four different ventricular regions (spongy myocardium; and apex, base and middle of the compact myocardium), and correlated them with in vivo electrocardiograms (ECGs) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ECGs recorded from three leads indicated that the depolarization and repolarization of APs propagate from base to apex, and the main depolarization axis of the ventricle is between +90 and +120 deg. AP shape was uniform across the whole ventricle, and little regional differences were found in the density of repolarizing K+ currents or depolarizing Ca2+ and Na+ currents and the underlying transcripts of ion channels, providing compelling evidence for the suggested excitation pattern. The spatial uniformity of AP durations and base-to-apex propagation of activation with a relatively slow velocity of propagation indicates no special ventricular conduction pathway in the trout ventricle such as the His–Purkinje system of mammalian hearts. The sequence of repolarization is solely determined by activation time without being affected by regional differences in AP duration.
Pre-Clinical Study: Immunohistochemical evaluation of matrix metalloproteinase-13 on rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) socket healing after application of platelet-rich fibrin with and without hydroxyapatite
Authors: Damayanti Meta Maulida , Rachmawati Meike 
Published: August 2022

Background: Tissue engineering technology has been used globally and proven to accelerate wound healing. This study aimed to analyse the effect of adding hydroxyapatite (HA) as a scaffold to platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a growth factor in accelerating the wound healing process as seen from the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13). Methods: This research is an animal experiment conducted on 18 rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Rabbits were randomly divided into the following three groups of treatment: (G1) the application of PRF group, (G2) the application of PRF+HA group and (C) the control group without any application. Furthermore, each treatment group was split randomly into three groups of observation time. Periodontal tissue biopsy was performed to analyse the histopathological features that were examined on the basis of the level of MMP-13 immunoexpression. Results: MMP-13 immunoexpression in the PRF+HA group showed better histoscore results, indicating a substantial reduction in MMP-13 values compared with other groups. The healing process was shown to increase with increasing observation time (p<0.05), and the PRF+HA group outperformed the PRF and control groups. On day 3, MMP-13 exhibited a dark brown colour of Immunohistochemistry (IHC), which indicated an increase in the expression value of MMP-13 in the early stages of healing, namely, inflammation. On day 14, light brown IHC was seen, especially in group 2, as a reference that the remodeling process had begun. Conclusions: This study indicates that the administration of PRF and HA was capable of reducing the MMP-13 expression that significantly accelerates the socket healing process. Hydroxyapatite is an alloplastic material that has inherent bioactive properties that support osteoconduction, can bind MMPs, and showed faster healing results based on the observation time as documented by immunohistochemistry.
Standard and innovative options in the treatment of insulin resistance
Authors: Metelski Jakub , Krauze-Kuc Katarzyna , Metelska Aleksandra , Sereda Dominika , Nieścior Hubert 
Published: August 2022

Introduction and purpose
Insulin resistance is a state of decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin, despite normal or elevated levels of this hormone in the blood serum. People with insulin resistance for a long time do not show symptoms, which makes it particularly difficult to detect and treat in early stages. It mainly leads to impaired glucose homeostasis and the development of type 2 diabetes, which contributes to the exacerbation of the global problem that diabetes has become. This results in the search for innovative therapies that will help combat insulin resistance better and better. The purpose of this study is to highlight the complexity of the IR and review the current literature for non-pharmacological and pharmacological possibilities of treatment for insulin resistance.
Description of the state of knowledge
Due to the increase in obesity and the metabolic syndrome, the number of people suffering from insulin resistance is constantly increasing. In modern times, there are various diagnostic and therapeutic methods that affect the course of insulin resistance. Early detection and introduction of appropriate therapy become the main goal in preventing complications that may occur in the course of this disease.

Summary
Treatment methods for insulin resistance can be divided into two groups - non-pharmacological and pharmacological. Both of them are often used together in the form of combination therapy aimed at obtaining the best results in the treatment of insulin resistance. For people for whom known therapies do not work, researches for new treatments is becoming a hope.
Technical Note—Product-Based Approximate Linear Programs for Network Revenue Management
Authors: Zhang Rui , Samiedaluie Saied , Zhang Dan 
Published: August 2022

A Novel and Promising Approximation for Network Revenue Management In “Product-Based Approximate Linear Programs for Network Revenue Management,” Zhang, Samiedaluie, and Zhang propose a novel separable piecewise linear (SPL) approximation for the network revenue management problem. The coefficients of the proposed SPL approximation can be interpreted as each product’s revenue contribution to the value of each resource in a given period, which provides more granular information compared with the existing resource-based SPL approximation in the literature. The new approximation provides more flexibility for policy construction. Furthermore, the new approximation opens the opportunity to derive a set of valid inequalities to further improve the computational performance and achieve additional gains in the expected revenue. Computational experiments with instances of various network structures and parameters demonstrate its efficacy: the new approximation leads to bid-price policies generating higher expected revenues and demonstrates better performance in terms of both computational efficiency and numerical stability.
Fast and high-accuracy measurement of particle size and location from a linear interferogram
Authors: Lu Qieni , Liu Hao , Wang Huaying , Liu Taiyu , Song Tianhui 
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we propose, to the best of our knowledge, a novel method of simultaneously detecting and evaluating the location and size of particles from a compression particle interferogram. The 2D position of the particle can be determined with high accuracy, as evaluated by the unidirectional gradient-match with the conjoint to centroid method. The fast-Rife method provides sub-pixel accuracy and high speed for estimating the fringe frequency from the Fourier spectrum of a particle interferogram. The capability mentioned above is well verified using synthetic and experimental data. The computational load falls almost 50%, and the relative error of the measured particle diameter is less than 1.12% for homogeneous solutions of polystyrene spheres of 50 µm and 70 µm. The results demonstrate that the method presented here is considerably promising for its application to a high-density particle field, such as spray, in accurately measuring both the particle size and its location.
MIM waveguide system with independently tunable double resonances and its application for two-parameter detection
Authors: Wu Qiaohua , Zhang Yingqiu , Qu Desheng , Li Chunlei 
Published: August 2022

A metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguide system consisting of a MIM waveguide, a ring cavity, and a semi-ring cavity is proposed. Using the finite element method, the transmission characteristics of the MIM waveguide system are discussed under the different geometry parameters. By detecting the resonance wavelength and varying the refractive index, the sensing performance of the MIM waveguide system is analyzed. The proposed structure can be used as a refractive index sensor with the maximum sensitivity of 2412 nm/RIU. Due to isolating the ring cavity and semi-ring cavity, the independent tuning of double resonances can be realized by changing the refractive index of the insulator in the ring cavity or the semi-ring cavity. Benefiting from two independent refractive index sensing modes, the structure with two isolated resonators can realize the simultaneous measurement of glucose solution concentration and blood plasma concentration. The sensitivity of glucose solution sensing in the ring cavity is 0.13133 nm/(g/L). Meanwhile, the blood plasma concentration detection in the semi-ring cavity is realized with the sensitivity of 0.358 nm/(g/L). The system with two isolated cavities has the potential to be used as an efficient nano sensor, which can achieve simultaneous measurement of two parameters.
Design of an extreme ultraviolet lithography projection objective with a grouping design method through forward and reverse real ray tracing
Authors: Yan Xu , Li Yanqiu , Li Yuanhe , Liu Lihui , Liu Ke 
Published: August 2022

As the logic node gets more and more advanced, the performance of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) objective projection is required to be higher and higher in a large field of view. It is known that a good initial structure can greatly reduce the dependence on the experience of optical designers. In this paper, a grouping design method through forward and reverse real ray tracing is proposed to design the aspheric initial structure for the EUV objective system. The system is first divided into three groups, and each spherical group is designed separately. Then, the three groups are connected as a whole spherical initial objective system. Through forward and reverse real ray tracing, each spherical group is recalculated to an aspheric structure in turn. Finally, an iterative process is applied to improve the performance of the aspheric initial structure. The aspheric initial structure calculated by this method can be taken as a good starting point for further optimization. As verification of the design method, a six-aspheric-mirror EUV lithography objective with a numerical aperture of 0.33 has been designed, whose root mean square (RMS) wavefront error is less than 0.2 nm and distortion is less than 0.1 nm.
Molecular epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in Northern Ghana identifies several uncharacterized bovine spoligotypes and suggests possible zoonotic transmission
Authors: Acquah Samuel Ekuban Kobina , Asare Prince , Danso Emelia Konadu , Tetteh Phillip , Tetteh Amanda Yaa , Boateng Daniel , Osei-Wusu Stephen , Afum Theophilus , Ayamdooh Yolanda Isabel , Akugre Eric Agongo , Samad Omar Abdul , Quaye Lawrence , Obiri-Danso Kwasi , Kock Richard , Asante-Poku Adwoa , Yeboah-Manu Dorothy 
Published: August 2022

Objective
We conducted an abattoir-based cross-sectional study in the five administrative regions of Northern Ghana to determine the distribution of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) among slaughtered carcasses and identify the possibility of zoonotic transmission.

Methods
Direct smear microscopy was done on 438 tuberculosis-like lesions from selected cattle organs and cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen media. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) isolates were confirmed as members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) by PCR amplification of IS6110 and rpoß. Characterization and assignment into MTBC lineage and sub-lineage were done by spoligotyping, with the aid of the SITVIT2, miruvntrplus and mbovis.org databases. Spoligotype data was compared to that of clinical M. bovis isolates from the same regions to identify similarities.

Results
A total of 319/438 (72.8%) lesion homogenates were smear positive out of which, 84.6% (270/319) had microscopic grade of at least 1+ for AFB. Two hundred and sixty-five samples (265/438; 60.5%) were culture positive, of which 212 (80.0%) were MTBC. Approximately 16.7% (34/203) of the isolates with correctly defined spoligotypes were negative for IS6110 PCR but were confirmed by rpoß. Spoligotyping characterized 203 isolates as M. bovis (198, 97.5%), M. caprae (3, 1.5%), M. tuberculosis (Mtbss) lineage (L) 4 Cameroon sub-lineage, (1, 0.5%), and M. africanum (Maf) L6 (1, 0.5%). A total of 53 unique spoligotype patterns were identified across the five administrative regions (33 and 28 were identified as orphan respectively by the SITVIT2 and mbovis.org databases), with the most dominant spoligotype being SIT1037/ SB0944 (77/203, 37.93%). Analysis of the bovine and human M. bovis isolates showed 75% (3/4) human M. bovis isolates sharing the same spoligotype pattern with the bovine isolates.

Conclusion
Our study identified that approximately 29% of M. bovis strains causing BTB in Northern Ghana are caused by uncharacterized spoligotypes. Our findings suggest possible zoonotic transmission and highlight the need for BTB disease control in Northern Ghana.