bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Políticas Avaliativas sobre Internacionalização na Educação Superior
Authors: Linda Moog Pinto Marialva , Isabel da Cunha Maria 
Published: January 2022

O artigo examina a transferência de políticas avaliativas sobre internacionalização da educação superior. Ainda que as políticas avaliativas sempre tenham sido moldadas pela influência internacional o estudo parte do pressuposto de que a internacionalização das políticas avaliativas se intensificaram a partir da Conferência Mundial para a Educação Superior (ES) para o Século XXI: Visão e Ação (UNESCO, 1998) processo que aproxima diversos discursos em um único discurso educacional global. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa de cunho interpretativo, tem como objetivo, analisar políticas externas resultantes do acordo realizado na Conferência Mundial para a Educação Superior para o Século XXI: Visão e Ação no que se refere a ‘internacionalização da ES, bem como os aconselhamentos transferidos como políticas educativas e posteriormente traduzidos para os países em desenvolvimento em geral e para a Educação Superior (ES) brasileira em particular. A pesquisa de abordagem interpretativa utilizou-se da Análise Documental para analisar os seguintes textos, em especial sobre o tema da Internacionalização da ES. São eles: a Conferência em questão (UNESCO, 1998); o Plano Nacional de Educação (2014); e o Instrumento de Avaliação Institucional Externa (IAIE) – (INEP, 2017). Como resultado confirma-se que os aconselhamentos desta Conferência em particular, influenciaram as políticas avaliativas elaboradas pelo INEP para a ES, no entanto também alertam para a emergência de adaptação das práticas acadêmicas a partir do ensino remoto, provocado pela pandemia do Coronavirus, que podem ter um impacto significativo no conceito de internacionalização da educação superior, uma vez que as tecnologias de comunicação provocaram incríveis mudanças em tempo recorde.
Secular Trends in Severe Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury in North America: An Update From the Acute Liver Failure Study Group Registry
Authors: Rao Ashwin , Rule Jody A. , Hameed Bilal , Ganger Daniel , Fontana Robert J. , Lee William M. 
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the second leading cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in the United States. Our study aims were to characterize secular trends in the implicated agents, clinical features, and outcomes of adults with DILI ALF over a 20-year period.

METHODS:
Among 2,332 patients with ALF enrolled in the ALF Study Group registry, 277 (11.9%) were adjudicated as idiosyncratic DILI ALF (INR ≥ 1.5 and hepatic encephalopathy) through expert opinion. The 155 cases in era 1 (January 20, 1998–January 20, 2008) were compared with the 122 cases in era 2 (January 21, 2008–January 20, 2018).

RESULTS:
Among 277 cases of DILI ALF, 97 different agents, alone or in combination, were implicated: antimicrobials, n = 118 (43%); herbal/dietary supplements (HDS), n = 42 (15%); central nervous system agents/illicit substances, n = 37 (13%); oncologic/biologic agents, n = 29 (10%); and other, n = 51 (18%). Significant trends over time included (i) an increase in HDS DILI ALF (9.7% vs 22%, P < 0.01) and decrease in antimicrobial-induced DILI ALF (45.8% vs. 38.5%, P = 0.03) and (ii) improved overall transplant-free survival (23.5%–38.7%, P < 0.01) while the number of patients transplanted declined (46.4% vs 33.6%, P < 0.03).

DISCUSSION:
DILI ALF in North America is evolving, with HDS cases rising and other categories of suspect drugs declining. The reasons for a significant increase in transplant-free survival and reduced need for liver transplantation over time remain unclear but may be due to improvements in critical care, increased NAC utilization, and improved patient prognostication.
Effect of extreme climatic events on fish seed production in Lower Brahmaputra Valley, Assam, India: Constraint analysis and adaptive strategies
Authors: Bhattacharjya Birendra Kumar , Yadav Anil Kumar , Debnath Dipesh , Saud Bhaskar Jyoti , Verma Vinod Kumar , Yengkokpam Sona , Sarkar Uttam Kumar , Das Basanta Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The climate of Brahmaputra valley (located in the North-eastern Indian state of Assam) witnesses considerable changes with sub-tropical rain-storm atmosphere and has four well-defined seasons (monsoon, post-monsoon, winter and pre-monsoon) in a year. The state is experiencing extreme climatic events like erratic rainfall patterns (causing abnormally high floods) and drought-like situations in recent years, which adversely affects fish seed production thereby affecting pond aquaculture and fisheries enhancements in open-waters of the region. The present paper describes the major constraints faced by fish seed producers of the region because of extreme climatic events (abnormally high floods and prolonged dry spells) based on field studies in 27 fish seed production farms (randomly selected) located in three districts of Lower Brahmaputra Valley Zone of Assam, India. Primary data on different aspects of constraints faced by the fish seed producers because of extreme climatic events were collected and analysed. Rank Based Quotient values were calculated, based on ranks given by the fish seed producers for each constraint to prioritize them. Dominant constraint related to abnormally high floods faced by the fish seed producers was ‘loss of brood stock’ (Rank based quotient = 99.1) whereas the least important constraint was ‘entry of weeds/macrophytes’ during floods (Rank Based Quotient = 25.5). Constraints related to drought-like situations ranged from the least important ones like ‘low milt production of male brood fishes’ that had the lowest value (12.5) to the over-arching constraint of ‘inadequate water depth in fish ponds’ during pre-monsoon and prolonged dry spells (Rank Based Quotient = 100.0). Adaptive strategies developed by fish seed producers of the study region to overcome the major constraints have been outlined in the paper. The need for developing improved risk management at macro-level through appropriate policy support to fish seed producers in the fish-deficit region and suggested policy support measures for ensuring sustainability are discussed.
Ecosystem vulnerability of floodplain wetlands of the Lower Brahmaputra Valley to climatic and anthropogenic factors
Authors: Debnath D. , Bhattacharjya B. K. , Yengkokpam S. , Sarkar U. K. , Paul P. , Das B. K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study assessed the vulnerability of 16 floodplain wetlands (beels) of the Lower Brahmaputra Valley, Assam, India, in relation to a range of natural and anthropogenic factors including climate change. The total water-spread area of the selected beels varied widely (8–50 ha), with 68.75% of the beels showing a reduction in water-spread area over the past 30 years. High levels of siltation and encroachment and detachment of marginal areas through the construction of roads were the major factors responsible for the reduction in the water-spread area of the beels. The reduction was observed to be in the range of over 33% in three beels (Raghunath Sora, Chulkani, and Dudua beel) to 83% in Bhoishpuri beel. In addition, one beel (Chulkani) experienced reduction in its deep pool area, which is an important wetland area that provides shelter to brood fishes during the dry season. Only 12.5% of the beels studied practiced enclosure (pen) culture for rearing fish. None practiced cage culture. Our study showed that only two beels (Bhoishpuri and Tariachora) were free from exotic fishes; the remaining surveyed beels reported exotic species such as, Cyprinus carpio (Common Carp), Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass Carp), Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver Carp), H. nobilis (Bighead Carp) and Piaractus brachypomus (Pacu). The prevalence of exotic fishes in the majority of the beels (due both to escape from nearby aquaculture ponds during floods and intentional stocking in certain beels) would have adversely affected the diversity of indigenous fishes in those wetlands. From discussion with the fishers, 50% of the beels surveyed experienced a reduction in the number of fish species from that recorded 10–20 years ago. In addition to climate change-related factors (e.g. abnormal rains, floods, or drought-like situations), other factors – both natural (e.g. hyper-nutrification) and anthropogenic (e.g. construction of roads, houses, and other structures) – also adversely affected the studied wetlands. To help cope with these factors and increase the adaptive capacity of fishers, four measures aimed at mitigation are suggested. These are: the practice of enclosure aquaculture in beels; the construction of floating macrophyte refuges (katal); deep pool refuges; and stock enhancement programmes with climate-resilient indigenous fishes.
Dynamics of river flows towards sustaining floodplain wetland fisheries under climate change: A case study
Authors: Sahoo A.K. , Das B.K. , Lianthuamluaia L. , Raman R. K. , Meena D.K. , Roshith C. M. , Chowdhury A. R. , Choudhury S. Roy , Sadhukhan D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Wetlands play an important ecological role by providing shelter and habitat for diverse fish species, migratory birds, macrophytes and other aquatic organisms. Hydrological connectivity with the main river channel has a critical role in fish diversity and production in floodplain wetland. The present study showed the seasonal hydrological alteration on fish species distribution in Ansupa wetland, connected with tropical river Mahanadi, India. The river discharge showed a variation from 4549 cusec during lean season (April) to 204716 cusec during monsoon (August). It has been recorded that water flows/discharge above 200000 cusec only, inundate the wetland resulting in exchange of free flows of fish species and nutrients. The study period for the fish species diversity was undertaken during 2017-18. A total of 46 fish species were observed under the orders Cypriniformes (18), Perciformes (12), Siluriformes (7), Synbranchiformes (2), Cyprinodontiformes (1), Clupeiformes (1), Beloniformes (1), Osteoglossiformes (1), Mugiliformes (1), Anguilliformes (1) and Tetraodontiformes (1). According to the conservation status of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, four species Parambassis lala, Ompok bimaculatus, and Anguilla bengalensis are in the category of Near Threatened. Analysis showed that taxonomic distinctness is more during winter than the monsoon and pre-monsoon, indicating monsoon could play a significant role in the fish species recruitment through river connectivity. Climatic data was analysed for a period of 34 years and indicated that an increment of 0.20C in water temperature and average increase of 129mm rainfall at the study site. This slight increase in rainfall over the years could be one of the factors responsible for the fish recruitment in the Ansupa wetland, through river connectivity underlining the importance of flood for wetland fisheries recruitment and sustainability.
Acompañamiento socioeducativo durante itinerarios formativos con juventud migrante en el sistema de protección
Authors: Fernández-Simo Deibe , Cid-Fernández Xosé Manuel , Carrera-Fernández María Victoria 
Published: January 2022

El sistema de protección a la infancia acompaña a la adolescencia extranjera en situación de vulnerabilidad. La ausencia de apoyos sociales primarios hace imprescindible que adquieran un nivel alto de autonomía, fundamental para asumir en buenas condiciones un proceso de transición a la vida adulta de duración más breve que el de la juventud nacional coetánea. La cualificación formativa determinará las condiciones de acceso al empleo y la temporalidad de la vida laboral, ambos aspectos necesarios para la superación de la situación de exclusión social. La presente investigación analiza los condicionantes de los itinerarios formativos de la juventud migrante tutelada así como las estrategias más eficaces en la facilitación de las metas educativas. Para ello se lleva a cabo un estudio longitudinal y cualitativo que consta de dos fases. En la primera fase, desarrollada entre 2011 y 2018, se realizan siete seguimientos longitudinales que se materializan en 35 entrevistas. En la segunda fase, desarrollada en 2018, se llevan a cabo 21 entrevistas autobiográficas que dan lugar a 7 relatos de vida. Asimismo, estos relatos se complementan con la implementación de dos grupos de discusión en los que participan 9 profesionales del sistema de protección. La experiencia laboral media en acompañamiento socioeducativo con este colectivo es de 92.15 meses. Los resultados ponen de relieve que: I) La juventud migrante en el sistema de protección se ve empujada a priorizar el acceso inmediato al empleo, primando los ingresos económicos sobre la realización de itinerarios formativos a medio y largo plazo. II) El peso del acompañamiento socioeducativo recae en los recursos específicos de protección, identificándose una actitud pasiva del sistema educativo formal, lo que coloca a estos jóvenes en una situación de vulnerabilidad pedagógica y social.
BEBERAPA SIFAT (R,S)-SUBMODUL PRIMA-α GABUNGAN
Authors: Yuwaningsih Dian Ariesta , Rusmining Rusmining , Prasetyo Puguh Wahyu 
Published: January 2022

Diberikan dan merupakan ring komutatif. Keprimaan pada suatu ring telah mengalami perkembangan ke dalam struktur modul. Namun, definisi keprimaan yang ada selama ini hanya berfokus pada operasi pergandaan skalar di dalam modul. Submodul prima-α merupakan salah satu perumuman dari submodul prima yang melibatkan operasi aditif dan pergandaan skalar di dalam modul. Pada artikel ini disajikan generalisasi dari submodul prima-α ke dalam struktur (R,S)-modul, yang selanjutnya disebut (R,S)-submodul prima-α gabungan. Selanjutnya, disajikan beberapa sifat dari (R,S)-submodul prima-α gabungan. Beberapa sifat tersebut diantaranya adalah syarat perlu dan syarat cukup suatu (R,S)-submodul membentuk (R,S)-submodul prima-α gabungan; sifat (R,S)-submodul prima-α gabungan yang berkaitan dengan homomorfisma (R,S)-modul; serta syarat perlu dan syarat cukup suatu (R,S)-submodul faktor membentuk (R,S)-submodul prima-α gabungan. Beberapa sifat (R,S)-submodul prima-α gabungan tersebut diperoleh dari pengembangan sifat keprimaan dalam struktur modul.
Delays during PBMC isolation have a moderate effect on yield, but severly compromise cell viability
Authors: Golke Tanja , Mucher Patrick , Schmidt Patricia , Radakovics Astrid , Repl Manuela , Hofer Philipp , Perkmann Thomas , Fondi Martina , Schmetterer Klaus G. , Haslacher Helmuth 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are a versatile material for clinical routine as well as for research projects. However, their isolation via density gradient centrifugation is still time-consuming. When samples are taken beyond usual laboratory handling times, it may sometimes be necessary to pause the isolation process. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of delays up to 48 h after the density gradient centrifugation on PBMC yield, purity and viability.

Methods
PBMCs were isolated from samples of 20 donors, either with BD Vacutainer CPT tubes (CPT) or with the standard Ficoll method. Isolation was paused after initial density gradient centrifugation for 0, 24, or 48 h. PBMC yield (% output/input), purity (% PBMCs/total cells) and viability (% Annexin V-/propidium iodide-) were compared.

Results
The yield did not change significantly over time when CPT were used (55%/52%/47%), but did after isolation with the standard method (62%/40%[p<0.0001]/53%[p<0.01]). Purity was marginally affected if CPT were used (95%/93%[p=n.s./92%[p<0.05] vs. 97% for all time points with standard method). Whereas viable PBMCs decreased steadily for CPT isolates (62%/51%[p<0.001]/36%[p<0.0001]), after standard Ficoll gradient isolation, cell apoptosis was more pronounced already after 24 h delay, and viability did not further decrease after 48 h (64%/44%[p<0.0001]/40%[p<0.0001]).

Conclusions
In conclusion, our findings suggest that while post-centrifugation delays ≥24 h might have only a minor effect on cell yield and purity, their impact on cell viability is substantial, even when CPT are used.
A Study on Some Properties of Dynamic Survival Extropy and Its Relation to Economic Measures
Authors: Nair R. Dhanya , Sathar E. I. Abdul 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The main focus of this article is on the study of properties and characterizations of dynamic survival extropy and its scaled version.
Its relation with other well-known measures is also discussed.
A simple nonparametric estimator and a nonparametric estimator based on the kernel are proposed for survival extropy and scaled dynamic survival extropy respectively.
These estimators could also be utilized to estimate the measures related to dynamic survival extropy, such as the Gini index.
In addition, the performance of the suggested estimators is evaluated for the simulated data set.
An analysis of publication trends of orthopedic surgery residency graduates in relation to academic achievement
Authors: Carr Marvin , Anderson J. Michael , Shepard Samuel , Hobbs James , Walters Corbin , Johnson Austin L. , Vassar Matt 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
Traditionally, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires residency programs to implement research and other scholarly activities into their training curriculum. Encouraging residents to publish during residency is believed to promote research throughout their careers; however, no study has attempted to quantify research productivity among orthopedic surgery residents before, during, and after residency.

Objectives
To determine whether publishing in peer-reviewed journals during orthopedic residencies was an indicator of continued academic achievement after graduation.

Methods
This study was observational in nature and employed a cross-sectional design. We examined whether research outcomes during orthopedic residency was associated with academic advancement or continued research involvement after residency. We identified 201 orthopedic residency programs on the Doximity website and randomly selected 50 to include in our sample. Of these programs, graduate rosters for 31 programs were located and subsequently included. Of the 341 graduates identified, we recorded the number of peer-reviewed publications, H-indices, fellowships, and whether the graduate pursued a career in private practice or academia.

Results
Orthopedic residency graduates from 31 programs published a total of 1923 peer-reviewed manuscripts. On average, residents had a total of 5.6 publications and an h-index of 3.2. Residents entering academia and pursuing fellowships had a significantly higher total number of publications, higher number of first-author publications, and greater H-indices compared to those who did not enter academia or pursue a fellowship.

Conclusions
Increased research productivity was associated with continued academic pursuits and an increased likelihood of pursuing fellowship training after residency.
“Nature needs you”: discursive constructions of legitimacy and identification in environmental charity appeals
Authors: Molek-Kozakowska Katarzyna , Szymańska-Czaplak Elżbieta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study traces how discursive constructions of legitimacy and identification are enacted textually and visually with respect to environment-oriented causes, such as landscape or species restoration. Such conservation projects actually clash with human economic priorities typical of the Anthropocene. Drawing on models of social trust and assuming the discursive nature of legitimacy and identification, we explore how environmental charity organizations represent their conservation efforts, reproduce sustainability discourses and advocate self-regulatory practices. We use a sample of mission statements and donation appeals by six prominent environmental charities from the UK. Through keyness and concordance analysis, we identify textual strategies that position the prospective donor as a “beneficiary” of environment-oriented actions. We also analyze rhetorical strategies and visual resources that align the aims of the organization with the social imaginaries and emotional dispositions of prospective donors.
Examination of Cognitive Function, Neurotrophin Concentrations, and both Brain and Systemic Inflammatory Markers Following a Simulated Game of American Football
Authors: Hoffman Jay R. , Ostfeld Ishay , Zamir Amit , Amedi Roee , Fonville Tate R. , Horstemeyer Mark F. , Gepner Yftach 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Hoffman, JR, Ostfeld, I, Zamir, A, Amedi, R, Fonville, TR, Horstemeyer, MF, and Gepner, Y. Examination of cognitive function, neurotrophin concentrations, and both brain and systemic inflammatory markers following a simulated game of American football. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 686–694, 2022—This investigation examined the effect of a simulated American football game on cognitive function, neurotrophin concentrations, and markers of both systemic and brain inflammation. Members of the Israel national team (6 linemen and 9 skill position players) were examined 1 week before (PRE), immediately post (IP) and 24-hour post (24P) game. Blood was obtained, and cognitive function was measured at each assessment. No head injuries to any of the players participating in the study occurred. Significant (p < 0.001) decreases in acute memory, and a trend (p = 0.066) toward a decrease in delayed memory was noted at IP. Significant negative correlations were observed between playing time (number of plays) and concentration changes from PRE to IP (r = −0.801; p = 0.001) and from PRE to 24P (r = −0.549; p = 0.034). All cognitive function measures returned to PRE levels by 24P. Increases from PRE were noted in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (p = 0.041) at IP and in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p = 0.009) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.019) concentrations at 24P. Circulating CRP concentrations and the cytokine markers, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, were significantly elevated in linemen compared with skill players. Brain inflammatory markers (S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein) and total tau protein (a marker of brain injury) were not elevated from PRE. No change from PRE was noted in either myoglobin or creatine kinase-MM concentrations. In conclusion, muscle damage and inflammatory marker responses observed from the scrimmage game were consistent with muscle desensitization associated with football participation. In addition, the systemic inflammatory marker results observed in linemen were suggestive of chronic low-grade inflammation.