bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined analysis of inorganic elements and sugars for the identification of red pepper powder containing undeclared ingredients
Authors: Hwang Jihyun , Choi Eunji , Lee Sohee , Chun Hyang Sook , Ahn Sangdoo , Kim Byung Hee 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study sought to identify adulterated red pepper powder (RPP) containing undeclared ingredients, such as salts, glucose, Monascus red pigments, and other plant ingredients (e.g., wheat flour, garlic powder, onion powder) using element and sugar analysis methods. Analytical data were obtained for 66 samples of authentic RPP and 12 samples of adulterated RPP. The variables selected to identify the authenticity of RPP include Na, Cl, K, maltohexaose, and maltoheptaose, which partly or totally originate from RPP, salts, or Monascus red pigments. All the 12 samples of commercial seasoned RPP used as models of adulterated RPP and all the 20 blind samples containing ≥10% (w/w) of commercial seasoned RPP were correctly identified by applying the range of the five variables found for the authentic RPP samples. Our findings suggest that combined analyses of the above five constituents could be used to identify adulterated RPP containing undeclared ingredients.Practical ApplicationAdulteration of high‐priced spice products, including red pepper powder (RPP), has increasingly become a public concern worldwide as it endangers consumer health and represents economic fraud. This study provides analytical methods that can accurately determine the authenticity of RPP. They would become effective means for protecting producers and suppliers against unfair competition and consumers against health threats.
Second primary tumor after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: A case report
Authors: Miao Kang , Yu Shuangni , Ni Jun , Zhang Xiaotong , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are used to treat many types of cancers. However, the effect of ICIs on second primary tumors is still unclear. Some studied have concluded that ICIs could reduce the incidence of second primary tumors, while others found an increased overall risk of second primary cancer after the introduction of ICIs to the treatment of melanoma. Here, we report the case of a patient with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who was treated with ICIs in combination with antiangiogenic drugs, and subsequently developed a second primary tumor in the context of a favorable curative effect of the primary lung cancer. From this case, we know that good efficacy of ICIs for a primary tumor does not mean that a second primary tumor will never develop, which reminds clinicians to consider the possibility of a second primary tumor rather than treating it directly as disease progression.
Multidimensional profiling depicts infiltrating immune cell heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment of stage IA non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Duan Jin , Lv Guoli , Zhu Nanye , Chen Xin , Shao Yang , Liu Yong , Zhao Wei , Shi Yunfei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmerging evidence has underscored infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Owing to screening programs, the prevalence of early‐stage NSCLC is growing, but its high recurrence risk and poor survival impose an increasing demand for further understanding the TME.MethodsTissue and plasma samples from 33 resectable stage IA NSCLC patients were collected from the surgery and subject to histological and genomic analyses. The distribution of CD8+ T cells, tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs, M1 polarization and M2 polarization), and natural killer (NK) cells (CD56dim and CD56bright) was analyzed. The impact of clinical characteristics and immunotherapy‐related biomarkers on immune cell infiltration were also investigated.ResultsUsing multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC), we found a significantly higher M1 polarization proportion of total TAMs in tumor parenchyma than in other tissues, while other immune cells remained stable. Patients under 50 showed higher infiltrating CD8+ T cell density and M1 ratio in tumor tissues. Tumors carrying RAS‐MAPK mutations were associated with significantly increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells. We also identified significantly higher infiltration of CD8+ T cells and enrichment of CD56bright NK cells in high tumor mutation burden (TMB) and high programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) samples, respectively.ConclusionsOur study highlighted the heterogeneity and dynamics of infiltrating immune cells in stage IA NSCLC TME, featured by M1 TAM enrichment in tumor parenchyma. Age, driver mutation type, TMB, and PD‐L1 level were found to associate with immune cell infiltration in the TME, shedding light on immunotherapy development.
Treatment of apical vaginal prolapse with minimal mesh repair (Uphold): patient‐reported long‐term outcomes and mesh‐related complications
Authors: Munch Anne , Greisen Susanne , Axelsen Susanne Maigaard , Bek Karl Møller , Glavind‐Kristensen Marianne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo evaluate patient‐reported outcomes and clinical findings after surgery for apical prolapse with the transvaginal Uphold mesh technique. Moreover, to evaluate the rate of mesh‐related complications.Material and MethodsA historical cohort study of patients who underwent surgery from January 1, 2012 to April 30, 2019, at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Pelvic examination and patient completion of questionnaires were performed in 2018–2019. Information on adverse events and reoperations was obtained from medical records.ResultsA total of 240 patients were operated on using the Uphold mesh, 89% due to recurrent prolapse. Follow‐up was attended by 192 patients (80%). Median follow‐up time was 30 months, interquartile range 19–52. During follow‐up, 29 patients (15%) underwent reoperation due to prolapse and are considered failures. Among the remaining, patient satisfaction was high. Thus, average score for pelvic symptoms affecting daily life was 2, on a scale of 0–10, where 0 represents no symptoms. The Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI‐I) had an average score of 6.4 (1: very much worse; 7 very much better). Preoperatively, 89.5% of the women had grade 2 or more apical prolapse, whereas at follow‐up, this was only 6.1%. Perioperative heavy bleeding needing embolization was observed in one patient (0.5%). Two patients had serious constriction of the ureter and needed re‐operation. Postoperative complications, primarily temporary voiding problems, were observed in 15 patients (8%). Complications during the follow‐up period were registered in 23 patients (12%); eight of these were mesh erosions. Due to complications, 11 patients (6%) needed re‐operation.ConclusionsThe study confirms that the Uphold procedure in a centralized set‐up is a procedure with high patient‐reported satisfaction even in a population characterized by a high proportion of recurrent prolapse. Moreover, the procedure seems safe with acceptable complication rates.
Systematic review of the evidence for resolution of common breastfeeding problems—Ankyloglossia (Tongue Tie)
Authors: Bruney Talitha L. , Scime Natalie V. , Madubueze Ada , Chaput Kathleen H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTongue tie is a common problem affecting breastfeeding due to poor infant latch and/or maternal pain. Evidence of whether treatment improves breastfeeding outcomes is conflicting. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to examine the effectiveness of tongue‐tie treatment on breastfeeding difficulties.MethodsWe searched peer‐reviewed and grey literature in MEDLINE (OVID), PubMed, CINAHL Plus, EMBASE and PsycINFO, from 01/1970 to 09/2019. Inclusion: randomised and non‐randomised clinical trials, and quasi‐experimental study designs, involving breastfeeding interventions for full‐term singleton infants, using standardised measure of breastfeeding difficulty. Exclusion: qualitative and purely observational studies, lacked operational definition of breastfeeding difficulty, lacked control/comparison group. We assessed risk of bias, summarised study quality and results and conducted meta‐analysis using random effects modelling.ResultsSix studies on tongue‐tie division were included (4 randomised and 2 non‐randomised). Meta‐analysis of standardised mean differences in breastfeeding difficulty scores in four studies showed statistically significant differences in favour of frenotomy (Pooled SMD +2.12, CI:(0.17–4.08)p = 0.03). Similarly, a statistically significant difference in favour of frenotomy was observed for pain (Pooled SMD −1.68, 95% CI: (−2.87‐ −0.48).ConclusionResults support that infant frenotomy is effective for improving standardised scores on breastfeeding difficulty and maternal pain scales and could improve breastfeeding outcomes.
Two‐eyed‐seeing/Etuaptmumk in the colonial archive: Reflections on participatory archival research
Authors: Cullen Declan , Castleden Heather 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDue to their origins and purpose, institutional archives present us with a set of limits when we seek to use them in struggles against colonialism. Here we explore to what extent we can negotiate those limits and practice participatory historical research. In particular, we explore how our project's direction by Indigenous methodology, a Two‐Eyed Seeing approach, influenced our relationship with the colonial archive. The research reported on in this paper involved establishing a historical narrative from Canadian federal and provincial colonial archives. This narrative was used in conjunction with oral histories from and interviews with Elders and Knowledge‐holders of the Mi'kmaq Nation to document the emergence of social assistance policy as a central aspect of colonial processes. Our historical research was, thus, explicitly tied to understanding the Mi'kmaw struggle for sovereignty in the colonial present. Here we sketch out aspects of our attempt to navigate between the colonial past and colonial present using a participatory approach to the historical geographies of Indigenous–settler relations.
Olanzapine‐associated dose‐dependent alterations for weight and metabolic parameters in a prospective cohort
Authors: Schoretsanitis Georgios , Dubath Céline , Grosu Claire , Piras Marianna , Laaboub Nermine , Ranjbar Setareh , Ansermot Nicolas , Crettol Séverine , Vandenberghe Frederik , Gamma Franziska , von Gunten Armin , Plessen Kerstin Jessica , Seifritz Erich , Conus Philippe , Eap Chin B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetabolic abnormalities have been associated with olanzapine treatment. We assessed if olanzapine has dose‐dependent effects on metabolic parameters with changes for weight, blood pressure, lipid and glucose profiles being modelled using linear mixed‐effects models. The risk of metabolic abnormalities including early weight gain (EWG) (≥5% during first month) was assessed using mixed‐effects logistic regression models. In 392 olanzapine‐treated patients (median age 38.0 years, interquartile range [IQR] = 26.0–53.3, median dose 10.0 mg/day, IQR = 5.0–10.0 for a median follow‐up duration of 40.0 days, IQR = 20.7–112.2), weight gain was not associated with olanzapine dose (p = 0.61) although it was larger for doses versus ≤10 mg/day (2.54 ± 5.55 vs. 1.61 ± 4.51% respectively, p = 0.01). Treatment duration and co‐prescription of >2 antipsychotics, antidepressants, benzodiazepines and/or antihypertensive agents were associated with larger weight gain (p < 0.05). Lower doses were associated with increase in total and HDL cholesterol and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05), whereas higher doses were associated with glucose increases (p = 0.01). Patients receiving >10 mg/day were at higher EWG risk (odds risk: 2.15, 1.57–2.97). EWG might be prominent in high‐dose olanzapine‐treated patients with treatment duration and co‐prescription of other medications being weight gain moderators. The lack of major dose‐dependent patterns for weight gain emphasizes that olanzapine‐treated patients are at weight gain risk regardless of the dose.
Academia's responses to crisis: A bibliometric analysis of literature on online learning in higher education during COVID‐19
Authors: Zhang Ling , Carter Richard Allen , Qian Xueqin , Yang Sohyun , Rujimora James , Wen Shuman 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper aimed to provide a holistic view of research that investigated online learning in higher education around the globe during COVID‐19 utilizing a bibliometric analysis. The researchers used co‐citation analysis and text mining afforded by VOSviewer to document and analyze research patterns and topics reported in peer‐reviewed documents published between January 2020 and August 2021. Findings of this study indicated that scholars from 103 countries or regions from the Global North and Global South investigated a wide array of topics, such as use of various technologies and strategies, redesigned curriculum, student perceptions and psychological impacts of the pandemic‐imposed online learning. Many researchers applied technology acceptance theories and structural equation modeling to investigate factors associated with adoption and impacts of the pandemic‐imposed online learning. Of the large quantity of research, medical education and chemical education were the most investigated disciplines. Inquiry‐based learning, discovery learning, hands‐on learning and collaborative learning emerged as instructional approaches frequently discussed or utilized across the target studies. This paper discussed (a) ongoing and emerging challenges to online higher education, (b) placing innovative pedagogies at the forefront of online learning, and (c) rapid, but imbalanced distribution of evolving literature based on the findings.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Online learning had attracted growing traction as a flexible and affordable means to complement traditional higher education prior to COVID‐19.
Higher education institutions (HEIs), faculty and students around the globe have encountered various challenges and opportunities regarding online teaching and learning during COVID‐19.
What this paper adds

A bird's‐eye‐view perspective of how HEIs around the globe responded to the pandemic‐imposed online teaching and learning using the bibliometric methodology.
Identifications of a large body of research (n = 1061 documents) conducted by scholars from 103 countries or regions that investigated the pandemic‐imposed online higher education, indicating an unprecedented level of participation in this area.
An analysis of distinct themes arising from research on the pandemic‐imposed online learning, such as medical education and psychological impact, chemistry curriculum and laboratory‐based instruction and technology acceptance model.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The large corpus of studies on online higher education from different aspects can provide cross‐disciplinary information guiding future research and design of online learning.
With technology often conceptualized as the solution to support online learning, it is imperative to put innovative pedagogy at the forefront of the design of online teaching and learning.
The impact of B‐cell‐directed therapy on SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Ujjani Chaitra , Shadman Mazyar , Lynch Ryan C. , Tu Brian , Stevenson Philip A. , Grainger Caitlin , Zhu Haiying , Hill Joshua A. , Huang Meei‐Li , Nielsen Leslie , Poh Christina , Sorensen Tyler , Gopal Ajay K. , Warren Edus H. , Till Brian G. , Lee Sydney , Gausman Daria , Smith Stephen D. , Gooley Ted , Greninger Alex 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrior reports evaluating SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) used semiquantitative measurements of anti‐S to evaluate immunity; however, neutralization assays were used to assess functional immunity in the trials leading to vaccine approval. Here, we identified decreased rates of seroconversion in vaccinated CLL patients and lower anti‐S levels compared to healthy controls. Notably, we demonstrated similar results with the Roche anti‐S assay and neutralization activity. Durable responses were seen at six months; augmentation with boosters was possible in responding patients. Absence of normal B cells, frequently seen in patients receiving Bruton tyrosine kinase and B‐cell lymphoma 2 inhibitors, was a strong predictor of lack of seroconversion.
Lopsided lobbying? Regulatory opportunism and the Office of the Commissioner of Lobbying
Authors: Fry Noah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article traces the institutional trajectory of the Office of the Commissioner of Lobbying (OCL). It is argued that political elites’ electoral prioritization, foremost demonstrated within theLobbying Act, has undermined the OCL in its mission toward a balanced and transparent lobbying system. Politicians have demonstrated a form of regulatory opportunism in which change is filtered by electoral calculations. Gaps in the Commissioner’s authority, the registration floor, and the scope of communication reporting stand out as enabling features. The article’s findings suggest greater attention should be devoted to monitoring the minutiae of regulations and the gravity of electoral calculations in regulatory reform.
Exploring the experiences of black, indigenous and racialized graduate students: The classroom as a space of alterity, hostility and pedagogical labour
Authors: Park Augustine SJ , Bahia Jasmeet 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBased on 22 semi‐structured interviews, this article explores the experiences of Black, Indigenous and People of Colour (BIPOC) graduate students in the social sciences and humanities at a medium‐sized comprehensive university in Canada. This article explores how racialization and colonialism shape the experiences of BIPOC graduate students in the graduate‐level classroom. BIPOC students may experience the classroom as a space of alterity, where they are made to feel alien and are pushed to represent their entire group; as a space of hostility where they encounter stereotypes and microaggressions; and, as a space in which they are burdened with emotionally‐taxing pedagogical labour to educate peers and faculty on issues of race and colonialism. However, BIPOC students also engage in resistance, especially refusing the burdens associated with racism and colonialism and find strength in solidarity with other BIPOC students.
Lung adenocarcinoma–derived vWF promotes tumor metastasis by regulating PHKG1‐mediated glycogen metabolism
Authors: Gu Jiayi , Qi Yingxue , Lu Yuxin , Tao Qianying , Yu Die , Jiang Chunchun , Liu Jianwen , Liang Xin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTumor metastasis is a series of complicated biological events. Hematogenous metastasis mediated by von Willebrand factor (vWF) is critical in tumor metastasis. However, the source of vWF and its role in tumor metastasis are controversial, and the further mechanism involved in mediating tumor metastasis is still unclear. In this study, we first demonstrated that lung adenocarcinoma cells could express vWF de novo and promotes tumor metastasis. Through the analysis of transcriptome sequencing, the metastasis promotion effect of vWF may be related to phosphorylase kinase subunit G1 (PHKG1), a catalytic subtype of phosphorylase kinase (PhK). PHKG1 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma patients and led to poor prognosis. Further experiments found that lung adenocarcinoma–derived vWF induced the upregulation of PHKG1 through the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote glycogenolysis. Glycogen was funneled into glycolysis, leading to increased metastasis. Tumor metastasis assayed in vitro and in vivo showed that knockdown of PHKG1 or synergistic injection of phosphorylase inhibition based on the overexpression of vWF could inhibit metastasis. In summary, our research proved that lung adenocarcinoma–derived vWF may mediate tumor metastasis by regulating PHKG1 to promote glycogen metabolism and suggested potential targets for inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma metastasis.
Porocarcinoma: a review
Authors: Joshy Jilse , Mistry Khaylen , Levell Nick J. , Bodegraven Birgitta , Vernon Sally , Rajan Neil , Craig Paul , Venables Zoe Claire 
Published: February 2022

SummaryFrom the first report in 1969 to the present day, diagnosis of eccrine porocarcinoma, also known simply as porocarcinoma (PC), remains a challenge. This review presents a concise update of the history, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, management and prognosis of this rare sweat gland neoplasm. PC differentiates towards the intraepidermal spiral ducts in the eccrine gland, is more common in people aged &gt; 60 years and often affects the head, neck and legs. PC presents as a dome-shaped papule, plaque or nodule growing over weeks to months. The exact incidence of PC is unknown but appears to be rising. Diagnosis is difficult because of variable presentations and similar clinical and histological features to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Management involves removal of the tumour, usually using wide local excision or Mohs micrographic surgery. Prognosis is poor, with PC recurring after surgery in 35% of cases. Given the lack of standardized protocols and risk profiles, further studies would help improve the understanding of PC.
Celebrating 20 years of the UK Dermatology Clinical Trials Network. Part 2: education, training and capacity building
Authors: Layfield Carron P. , Williams Hywel C. ,   On behalf of the UK Dermatology Clinical Trials Network
Published: February 2022

SummaryIn Part 1 of this 2-part review of the 20th anniversary of the UK Dermatology Clinical Trials Network (UK DCTN), we described its role in developing and supporting clinical trial proposals, elaborating on structure, process and clinical trials activity. This review describes the diverse educational and training activities that the UK DCTN supports. Although not primarily set up as an educational organization, an education and training function emerged organically as the network grew. Education and training also embodies the democratization principle that drove the formation of the UK DCTN, allowing participation from a much wider group of individuals than just senior academics. Far from being a sideline, education and training has now become a major component of the UK DCTN that evolves constantly through changing training curricula and trial methodology developments. Formal UK DCTN training opportunities started in 2007 with competitively awarded annual fellowships for dermatology trainees, followed by similar schemes for general practitioners, Staff and Associate Specialist clinicians and dermatology nurses. These were followed in 2013 by larger groups of trainees who work up specific trial proposals with senior mentors. Finally, a virtual journal club emerged during the pandemic in 2020 in order to reach trainees with little access to academic training. Focused activities with dermatological nurses and patients/carers also take place. Such activities require considerable organization and volunteerism from the co-ordinating centre and former fellows. Education and training has become an essential component for capacity building to develop clinical trials and succession planning for the UK DCTN.