bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic positions and displacements in piezoelectric materials Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 and Ca3TaGa1.5Al1.5Si2O14 investigated by Ta-Lα X-ray fluorescence holography
Authors: Kitaura Mamoru , Ang Artoni Kevin R. , Yamamoto Yuta , Happo Naohisa , Kimura Koji , Hayashi Kouichi , Watanabe Shinta , Yokota Yuui , Ohashi Yuji , Kamada Kei , Yoshikawa Akira , Yamane Hisanori , Ohnishi Akimasa 
Published: September 2022

The atomic positions and displacements of atoms around the Ta atom in piezoelectric materials Ca3TaGa3Si2O7 (CTGS) and Ca3TaGa1.5Al1.5Si2O7 (CTGAS) were investigated at 100 K by Ta-Lα X-ray fluorescence holography (XFH). The experimental atomic images were compared with the simulated ones using the crystal structures of CTGS and CTGAS, which were determined by single crystal X-ray diffractometry (SC-XRD). The atomic positions agreed between XFH and SC-XRD experiments. With the help of XFH simulation, the displacements of Ta, Ca, Si, and Ga atoms relative to the Ta atom were qualitatively analyzed using experimental atomic image intensities. The relative displacement of the Ca atom was increased by Al substitution, while those of the Ta and Ga atoms were decreased. The first principles calculation based on density-functional theory (DFT) was performed to understand bonding character between constituents. The evaluation of the crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) clarified that the Ca-O bond has strong ionic character different with the other bonds, suggesting that the positional shift of the Ca atom is responsible for the piezoelectricity in CTGS. The effect of Al substitution on piezoelectricity was also considered based on the change in the Ca-O bond.
Performance of urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in diabetic nephropathy: A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Li , Xue Shuai , Wu Meiyan , Dong Dan 
Published: September 2022

AimsDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the main causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and progresses to end-stage renal failure. Thus, early diagnostic markers for diabetic patients are urgently needed to improve the prognosis of DN and predict DN progression.Materials and methodsPubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched for publications until February 24, 2021. Review Manager 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis. We performed the heterogeneity test using the I2 statistic: P &lt; 0.1 and I2&gt; 50% meant statistical significance.ResultsWe included 13 studies. The urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (uL-FABP) concentrations in the normal albuminuria group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group without diabetes mellitus (DM) [P = 0.009, SMD 1.72, 95% CI (0.44, 2.99)]. Urinary F-LABP levels were elevated in the macroalbuminuria group compared with those in the microalbuminuria group with DM [P = 0.002, SMD 2.82, 95% CI (1.03, 4.61)]. Urinary L-FABP levels were also significantly increased in the progression and CKD groups compared with non-progression and CKD subjects with DM [P = 0.02, P &lt; 0.00001, respectively]. Furthermore, uL-FABP concentrations were positively correlated with the albumin-to-creatinine ratio and systolic blood pressure in patients with DM [Summary Fisher’s Z = 0.58 P &lt; 0.00001; Summary Fisher’s Z = 0.24 P &lt; 0.0001, respectively] and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with DM [Summary Fisher’s Z = −0.36, P &lt; 0.0001].ConclusionUrinary L-FABP may be a potential marker for the detection of all stages of DN and for the prediction of the progression and severity of DN in patients with type 1 and 2 DM.
Causal associations between dietary antioxidant vitamin intake and lung cancer: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhao Hang , Jin Xiaolin 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundOxidative stress is currently considered to be closely related to the occurrence of respiratory tumors, especially lung cancer. Many observational studies have shown that increased antioxidant intake can reduce the risk of lung cancer, but the results are still controversial. Therefore, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomized (MR) analysis to clarify the causal relationship between antioxidant vitamins and lung cancer.MethodsTo assess the causal effect of dietary antioxidant vitamin intake on lung cancer, we conducted a two-sample MR analysis and we extracted single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with antioxidants from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of the UK biobank. We gathered summary data for lung cancer from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO), including 11,348 cases and 15,861 controls, and applied the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary MR analysis, and performed a sensitivity analysis to verify the results.ResultsThe results showed that higher dietary retinol intake was causally associated with lung cancer overall [odds ratio (OR) = 1.844, 95% CI, 1.359–2.502, p = 0.00009], squamous cell lung cancer (OR = 2.162, 95% CI, 1.117–4.183, p = 0.022), and lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.706, 95% CI, 1.084–2.685, p = 0.021). Additionally, carotene was positively correlated with lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.510, 95% CI, 1.002–2.276, p = 0.049). However, there was a non-significant relationship between the intake of other dietary antioxidants (vitamin C and vitamin E) and lung cancer.ConclusionOur research showed that dietary retinol intake has an adverse impact on lung cancer, and carotene might increase the risk of adenocarcinoma. This highlights the importance of revealing the underlying mechanisms of dietary antioxidant vitamins in lung cancer and delivers an important health message that dietary antioxidant vitamin intake may not be necessary for the prevention of lung cancer. It also provides a basis for future research.
Diagnostic performance of radiomics in adrenal masses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Lei Hanqi , Pang Jun 
Published: September 2022

Objectives(1) To assess the methodological quality and risk of bias of radiomics studies investigating the diagnostic performance in adrenal masses and (2) to determine the potential diagnostic value of radiomics in adrenal tumors by quantitative analysis.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for eligible literature. Methodological quality and risk of bias in the included studies were assessed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) and Radiomics Quality Score (RQS). The diagnostic performance was evaluated by pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC). Spearman’s correlation coefficient and subgroup analysis were used to investigate the cause of heterogeneity. Publication bias was examined using the Deeks’ funnel plot.ResultsTwenty-eight studies investigating the diagnostic performance of radiomics in adrenal tumors were identified, with a total of 3579 samples. The average RQS was 5.11 (14.2% of total) with an acceptable inter-rater agreement (ICC 0.94, 95% CI 0.93–0.95). The risk of bias was moderate according to the result of QUADAS-2. Nine studies investigating the use of CT-based radiomics in differentiating malignant from benign adrenal tumors were included in the quantitative analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR and AUC with 95% confidence intervals were 0.80 (0.68-0.88), 0.83 (0.73-0.90), 19.06 (7.87-46.19) and 0.88 (0.85–0.91), respectively. There was significant heterogeneity among the included studies but no threshold effect in the meta-analysis. The result of subgroup analysis demonstrated that radiomics based on unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT possessed higher diagnostic performance, and second-order or higher-order features could enhance the diagnostic sensitivity but also increase the false positive rate. No significant difference in diagnostic ability was observed between studies with machine learning and those without.ConclusionsThe methodological quality and risk of bias of studies investigating the diagnostic performance of radiomics in adrenal tumors should be further improved in the future. CT-based radiomics has the potential benefits in differentiating malignant from benign adrenal tumors. The heterogeneity between the included studies was a major limitation to obtaining more accurate conclusions.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ CRD 42022331999 .
Risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes after using ondansetron during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cao Xiao , Sun Mingyao , Yang QiuYu , Wang Qi , Hou Liangying , Wang Jing , Wu Yu , Ge Long 
Published: September 2022

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum is a serious pregnancy complication that affects approximately 1% of pregnancies worldwide.Objective: To determine whether the use of ondansetron during pregnancy is associated with abnormal pregnancy outcomes.Search strategy: PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, CNKI, CBM, WANFANG, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for citations published in any language from inception to 15 December 2021.Selection criteria: Eligible studies included any observational study.Data collection and analysis: Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as indicators to examine the association between ondansetron and abnormal pregnancy outcomes.Main results: Twenty articles from 1,558 citations were included. Our preliminary analysis showed that compared with the unexposed group, the use of ondansetron during pregnancy may be associated with an increased incidence of cardiac defects (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.10), neural tube defects (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.18), and chest cleft (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.07–1.37). Further sensitivity analysis showed no significant association between ondansetron and cardiac defects (OR = 1.15,95% CI: 0.94–1.40) or neural tube defects (OR = 0.87,95% CI: 0.46–1.66). When controversial studies were eliminated, the results for the chest defects disappeared. Simultaneously, we found that the use of ondansetron was associated with a reduced incidence of miscarriage (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.31–0.89). Ondansetron was not associated with orofacial clefts (OR = 1.09,95% CI: 0.95–1.25), spinal limb defects (OR = 1.14,95% CI: 0.89–1.46), urinary tract deformities (OR = 1.06,95% CI: 0.97–1.15), any congenital malformations (OR = 1.03,95% CI: 0.98–1.09), stillbirth (OR = 0.97,95% CI: 0.83–1.15), preterm birth (OR = 1.22,95% CI: 0.80–1.85), neonatal asphyxia (OR = 1.05,95% CI: 0.72–1.54), or neonatal development (OR = 1.18,95% CI: 0.96–1.44) in our primary analysis.Conclusion: In our analysis, using ondansetron during pregnancy was not associated with abnormal pregnancy outcomes. Although our study did not find sufficient evidence of ondansetron and adverse pregnancy outcomes, future studies including the exposure period and dose of ondansetron, as well as controlling for disease status, may be useful to truly elucidate the potential risks and benefits of ondansetron.
Radiochemical capabilities for astrophysics experiments at the national ignition facility
Authors: Despotopulos John D. , Gharibyan Narek , Moody Kenton J. , Yeamans Charles , Velsko Carol , Shaughnessy Dawn A. 
Published: September 2022

The Nuclear and Radiochemistry Group at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has developed a suite of diagnostics and techniques that can be used for astrophysics experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Capabilities have been developed to add material to the outside of NIF hohlraum assemblies as well as to the interior of NIF target capsules or the fill gas. The ability to place very small amounts of material close to the NIF target enables activation with very large, short-pulse neutron fluxes. The Solid Radiochemistry Diagnostic can be used to collect solid debris from a NIF shot within 2 h of the execution of a shot, and this can be analyzed for radioactive signatures with or without post-shot chemical processing. The Radiochemical Analysis of Gaseous Samples diagnostic system can be used to collect gaseous products produced during a NIF shot. Capsule doping and radiochemical analysis capabilities at NIF will be discussed. The application of these techniques to astrophysical measurements will be discussed as well as some preliminary results.
Early prediction of hypothermia in pediatric intensive care units using machine learning
Authors: Singh Pradeep , Nagori Aditya , Lodha Rakesh , Sethi Tavpritesh 
Published: September 2022

Hypothermia is a life-threatening condition where the temperature of the body drops below 35°C and is a key source of concern in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Early identification can help to nudge clinical management to initiate early interventions. Despite its importance, very few studies have focused on the early prediction of hypothermia. In this study, we aim to monitor and predict Hypothermia (30 min-4 h) ahead of its onset using machine learning (ML) models developed on physiological vitals and to prospectively validate the best performing model in the pediatric ICU. We developed and evaluated ML algorithms for the early prediction of hypothermia in a pediatric ICU. Sepsis advanced forecasting engine ICU Database (SafeICU) data resource is an in-house ICU source of data built in the Pediatric ICU at the All-India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), New Delhi. Each time-stamp at 1-min resolution was labeled for the presence of hypothermia to construct a retrospective cohort of pediatric patients in the SafeICU data resource. The training set consisted of windows of the length of 4.2 h with a lead time of 30 min-4 h from the onset of hypothermia. A set of 3,835 hand-engineered time-series features were calculated to capture physiological features from the time series. Features selection using the Boruta algorithm was performed to select the most important predictors of hypothermia. A battery of models such as gradient boosting machine, random forest, AdaBoost, and support vector machine (SVM) was evaluated utilizing five-fold test sets. The best-performing model was prospectively validated. A total of 148 patients with 193 ICU stays were eligible for the model development cohort. Of 3,939 features, 726 were statistically significant in the Boruta analysis for the prediction of Hypothermia. The gradient boosting model performed best with an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC) of 85% (SD = 1.6) and a precision of 59.2% (SD = 8.8) for a 30-min lead time before the onset of Hypothermia onset. As expected, the model showed a decline in model performance at higher lead times, such as AUROC of 77.2% (SD = 2.3) and precision of 41.34% (SD = 4.8) for 4 h ahead of Hypothermia onset. Our GBM(gradient boosting machine) model produced equal and superior results for the prospective validation, where an AUROC of 79.8% and a precision of 53% for a 30-min lead time before the onset of Hypothermia whereas an AUROC of 69.6% and a precision of 38.52% for a (30 min-4 h) lead time prospective validation of Hypothermia. Therefore, this work establishes a pipeline termed ThermoGnose for predicting hypothermia, a major complication in pediatric ICUs.
Agreement and reliability of lower limb muscle architecture measurements using a portable ultrasound device
Authors: Ritsche Paul , Schmid Reto , Franchi Martino V. , Faude Oliver 
Published: September 2022

High end ultrasonography devices lack in portability and are expensive. We investigated the agreement and reliability of a handheld and portable ultrasound system for human lower limb muscle architecture measurements. We captured ultrasound images of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) in 36 active healthy participants (15 female, 21 male) at 50% of muscle length using the handheld Lumify (L12-4, linear-array 37 mm, Philips Healthcare, Amsterdam, Netherlands) and a high-end laboratory device (ACUSON Juniper, linear-array 54 mm, 12L3, SIEMENS Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). We compared measurements of muscle fascicle length, pennation angle and thickness. To assess inter-session reliability of the Lumify system, participants were measured twice within 1 week. Comparing RF architecture measurements of both devices resulted in intra-class correlations (ICCs) ranging from 0.46–0.82 and standardized mean difference (SMDs) ranging from −0.45–0.05. For VL, ICCs ranged from 0.60–0.89 and SMDs ranged from −0.11–0.13. ICCs and SMDs for the GM ranged from 0.82–0.86 and −0.07–0.07. Calculating inter-session reliability for RF resulted in ICCs ranging from 0.44–0.76 and SMDs ranging from −0.38–0.15. For VL, ICCs and SMDs ranged from 0.57–0.75 and −0.13–0.02. ICCs for GM ranged from 0.75–0.92 and SMDs ranged from −0.15–0.16. Measurement of muscle thickness demonstrated the highest agreement (ICC ≥0.82) and reliability (ICC ≥0.75) across all muscles. The Lumify system was comparable to a high-end device and reliable for GM measurements. However, agreement and reliability were lower for the RF and VL. Of all evaluated architectural parameters, muscle thickness exhibited highest agreement and reliability.
A psychometric study of the Russian-language version of the “Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–third edition”: An assessment of reliability and validity
Authors: Pavlova Polina , Maksimov Dmitry , Chegodaev Dmitry , Kiselev Sergey 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–third edition (Bayley-III) is one of the most widely used tools for assessing child development, and adapted versions of this instrument have been successfully used in many countries. No comprehensive psychometric studies of the Bayley-III have yet been performed in Russia.Materials and methodsThis psychometric study was part of the longitudinal study conducted by the Ural Federal University in 2016–2020. Within the project, the original Bayley-III manual was translated into Russian and then used in a cohort of 333 infants to assess cognition, expressive/receptive communication, and fine/gross motor skills. For the purpose of psychometric analysis, we selected the data for four age groups of children from the longitudinal study database: 4–6 months (N = 149), 10 months (N = 138), 15 months (N = 151), and 24 months (N = 124). The development scores of the sample children were compared with the original Bayley-III norms in each age strata separately. Reliability and validity of the translated instrument were examined using correlation analysis, tests of internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsThe average scaled scores of the examined children were generally comparable with the original (US) Bayley-III norms, with the exception of those older than 1 year, who demonstrated 1.2–1.9 points better performance in cognitive development and gross motor skills and 0.9–2.6 points lower performance in expressive communication. The correlation of both raw and scaled scores between different scales was low to moderate in all age groups (Spearman’s ρ mostly within the range of 0.3–0.6; p &lt; 0.001 for all pairwise correlations). Internal consistency tests confirmed high reliability of the translated instrument (Cronbach’s α = 0.74–0.87, McDonald’s ω = 0.79–0.89). CFA demonstrated a good fit of the three-factor model (cognitive, communicative, and motor components) in all age strata.ConclusionThe Russian version of the Bayley-III proved to be a psychometrically valid and reliable tool for assessing child development, at least in a research context. The development of the examined children was close to the original US norms, with some deviation in cognitive, gross motor, and expressive communication scores mostly in older children, which could be attributed to the biased sample.
Patterns of failure and long-term outcome of postoperative radiotherapy on the survival of patients with pathological T3N0M0 esophageal cancer
Authors: Song Chunyang , Zhu Shuchai , Xu Jinrui , Su Jingwei , Zhang Xueyuan , Deng Wenzhao , Zhao Xiaohan , Shen Wenbin 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe prognostic effect of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) on pathological T3N0M0 (pT3N0M0) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate patterns of failure and whether PORT after R0 resection improves survival in patients with pT3N0M0 ESCC, compared with surgery alone.Patients and methodsThe clinical data of 256 patients with pT3N0M0 ESCC from January 2007 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The included patients were classified into two groups: the surgery-plus-postoperative radiotherapy group (S + R) and the surgery-alone group (S). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to create comparable groups that were balanced across several covariates (n = 71 in each group). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Chi-squared test.ResultsIn the study cohort, the 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates in the S + R group were 53.4% and 38.4%, and those in the S group were 50.3%, 40.9% (p = 0.810), respectively. The 5- and 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates in the S + R group were 47.9% and 32.9%, and those in the S group were 43.2%, 24.0% (p = 0.056), respectively. The results were coincident in the matched samples (p = 0.883, 0.081) after PSM. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with upper thoracic lesions in the S + R group had significantly higher OS than patients in the S group (p = 0.013), in addition, patients with upper and middle thoracic lesions in the S + R group had significantly higher DFS than patients in the S group (p = 0.018, 0.049). The results were also confirmed in the matched samples after PSM. The locoregional recurrence between the two groups were significantly different before and after PSM (p = 0.009, 0.002). The locoregional control rate (LCR) in the S + R group was significantly higher than that in the S group before and after PSM (p = 0.015, 0.008).ConclusionPostoperative radiotherapy may be associated with a survival benefit for patients with pT3N0M0 upper thoracic ESCC. A multicenter, randomized phase III clinical trial is required to confirm the results of this study.