bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Compositional Space of High-Entropy Alloys for Cost-Effective High-Temperature Applications
Authors: Orhan Okan K. , Isiet Mewael , Caparini Lucas , Ponga Mauricio 
Published: January 2022

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are nearly equimolar multi-principal element alloys, exhibiting exceptional thermal and mechanical properties at extreme conditions such as high-temperatures and stresses. Since the first discovery and early conceptualization of conventional HEAs nearly two decades ago, HEAs with far-from-equimolar compositions have attracted substantial interest to provide a broader range of material properties and to adjust price fluctuations and availability of commodities. Here, we present a first-principles investigation of non-equimolar chromium-manganese-iron-cobalt-nickel (CrMnFeCoNi) HEAs and effects of molybdenum (Mo) and niobium (Nb) substitutions on cost, phase stability and solubility, and mechanical and thermal performance up to 1000 K operational temperature. Virtual-crystal approximation is used to expediently approximate random solid solutions at the disordered mean-field limit. Using multi-objective metaheuristics built on a first-principles database, golden compositions are predicted for thermally well-insulated components and effective heat sinks. Replacing Co with Fe lowers commodity costs without hindering phase stability and solubility. Lower Ni concentration leads to lower thermal conductivity, indicating better thermal insulation, while reducing Mn concentration significantly increases the thermal conductivity, indicating better performing heat sinks. Moving away from equimolar ratios commonly increases the thermal expansion coefficient, which could generate higher thermal stresses. Nb and Mo substitution always lead to substantially higher commodity cost and density but with an increment in the mechanical performance due to solid-solution hardening. However, alloying with Mo and Nb is the only compositional space that reduces the thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient.
The Relative Contribution of Plasma Homocysteine Levels vs. Traditional Risk Factors to the First Stroke: A Nested Case-Control Study in Rural China
Authors: Zhou Feng , Liu Chengzhang , Ye Lijing , Wang Yukai , Shao Yan , Zhang Guohua , Duan Zhenpeng , Chen Jingjuan , Kuang Jingyun , Li Jingyi , Song Yun , Liu Lishun , Zalloua Pierre , Wang Xiaobin , Xu Xiping , Zhang Chengguo 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundApproximately 75% of Chinese hypertensive patients have elevated homocysteine (Hcy). Its implication in risk assessment and prevention of the first stroke remains an important clinical and public health question.MethodsThis study was based on a community cohort recruited from 2016 to 2018 in the rural China. To maximize cost efficiency, we used a nested case-control design, including 3,533 first stroke cases and 3,533 controls matched for age ±1 years, sex, and village. Individual associations of tHcy and traditional risk factors with the first stroke were examined, and their population-attributable risks (PARs) were estimated.ResultsThere was a significant dose-response association between first stroke and total Hcy (tHcy) levels, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.11 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.26) for tHcy 10–15 μmol/L and 1.44 (1.22, 1.69) for tHcy ≥ 15 μmol/L, all compared to tHcy &lt; 10 μmol/L. A similar trend was found for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. tHcy and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were independently and additively associated with the risk of first stroke (tHcy: 1.06 [1.02, 1.1]; SBP: 1.13 [1.1, 1.16]; P-interaction, 0.889). Among the ten main risk factors examined, the top two contributors to the first stroke were SBP and tHcy, with PARs of 25.73 and 11.24%, respectively.ConclusionsElevated tHcy is the second most important contributor and acts additively with SBP to increase the risk of the first stroke. This finding underscores the importance of screening and treating elevated tHcy along with traditional risk factors to further reduce the burden of the first stroke in the high-risk populations.
Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori IgG Seroprevalence and the Immune Response to Poliovirus Vaccine Among School-Age Children From a Population With Near-Universal Immunity Level
Authors: Badran Abu Zher Layaly , Weil Merav , Kassem Eias , Elias Nael , Levine Myron M. , Muhsen Khitam 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesTo examine the association between Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence and serum pepsinogens (PGs) as markers of gastric inflammation), with high neutralizing antibody titers to poliovirus type 1 and 3 vaccine strains among children age 3–4 years, subsequent to sub-clinical infection acquired during a wild-type poliovirus type 1 outbreak in Israel.MethodsA serosurvey was conducted among 336 children aged 5–17 years who were vaccinated with both inactivated polio vaccine and oral polio vaccines. H. pylori serum IgG antibodies and PG concentrations were measured using ELISA. Neutralizing antibodies to poliovirus vaccine strains were measured and children with a titer ≥1:8 were considered immune. High-level immunity was defined as having a serum NA titer &gt;1:2048. Propensity score inverse weighting was used to account for confounders.ResultsNeutralizing antibodies titers ≥1:8 to poliovirus type 1 and 3 vaccine strains were found in 99.4 and 98.2% of the children, respectively. An inverse association was found between H. pylori seropositivity accompanied by PGI:PGII ratio ≤6.5 (marker of gastric inflammation) and high-level immunity to poliovirus type 1: OR 0.39 (95% CI 0.68–0.91), p = 0.027. The association between H. pylori seropositivity of CagA virulent phenotype and polio high immunity was not significant. The association between H. pylori seropositivity and high neutralizing antibodies to type 3 poliovirus was of low magnitude and not significant.ConclusionsH. pylori seroprevalence accompanied by evidence of gastric inflammation was inversely correlated with high titers of neutralizing antibodies to poliovirus in children from a population with near universal polio immunity.
Sleep Duration/Quality With Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Prospective Studies
Authors: Gao Chang , Guo Jiao , Gong Ting-Ting , Lv Jia-Le , Li Xin-Yu , Liu Fang-Hua , Zhang Meng , Shan Yi-Tong , Zhao Yu-Hong , Wu Qi-Jun 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundTo quantitatively evaluate the evidence of duration and quality of sleep as measured by multiple health outcomes.MethodsThis review is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42021235587. We systematically searched three databases from inception until November 15, 2020. For each meta-analysis, the summary effect size using fixed and random effects models, the 95% confidence interval, and the 95% prediction interval were assessed; heterogeneity, evidence of small-study effects, and excess significance bias were also estimated. According to the above metrics, we evaluated the credibility of each association.ResultsA total of 85 meta-analyses with 36 health outcomes were included in the study. We observed highly suggestive evidence for an association between long sleep and an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Moreover, suggestive evidence supported the associations between long sleep and 5 increased risk of health outcomes (stroke, dyslipidaemia, mortality of coronary heart disease, stroke mortality, and the development or death of stroke); short sleep and increased risk of overweight and/or obesity; poor sleep quality and increased risk of diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus.ConclusionsOnly the evidence of the association of long sleep with an increased risk of all-cause mortality was graded as highly suggestive. Additional studies are needed to be conducted.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42021235587
The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Endothelial Function in a Pediatric Population With Obesity
Authors: Makhout Sanae , Vermeiren Eline , Van De Maele Karolien , Bruyndonckx Luc , De Winter Benedicte Y. , Van Hoorenbeeck Kim , Verhulst Stijn L. , Van Eyck Annelies 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundChildhood obesity has increased worldwide, becoming a significant public health concern. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in the central regulation of food intake and body weight, but little is known regarding its role in childhood obesity. Next to obesity, BDNF has been linked to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and endothelial dysfunction, two obesity-related comorbidities. The aim of this study is to investigate how BDNF, OSA and endothelial dysfunction interact in children with obesity and to determine the effect of weight loss on serum BDNF levels.MethodsChildren and adolescents with obesity aged 8–18 years who were enrolled in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment (MOT) in a tertiary hospital, were prospectively included. Several examinations were conducted during this MOT; at baseline, after 6 months and after 12 months, including the assessment of endothelial function, body composition measurements and a polysomnography. BDNF levels were measured on a serum sample by means of ELISA.ResultsA total of 103 patients with obesity was included, of which 20 had OSA (19.4%). BDNF levels were comparable in children with obesity and OSA and children with obesity but without OSA (26.75 vs. 27.87 ng/ml, p = 0.6). No correlations were found between BDNF and sleep-related variables or between BDNF and endothelial function parameters nor between BDNF and adiposity measures. To investigate if the interaction between OSA and endothelial dysfunction had an influence on BDNF levels, a general linear model was used. This model revealed that a diagnosis of OSA, as well as the interaction between OSA and maximal endothelial dilatation, contributed significantly (p = 0.03, p = 0.04, respectively) to BDNF levels. After 1 year of weight loss therapy, BDNF levels did not change (26.18 vs. 25.46 ng/ml, p = 0.7) in our population.ConclusionBDNF concentrations were comparable in children with obesity, both with and without OSA, indicating that BDNF levels are not affected by OSA. However, we did find an interaction effect of OSA and endothelial function on BDNF levels.
Identification of Crucial Hub Genes and Differential T Cell Infiltration in Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Using Bioinformatics Strategies
Authors: Yang Xiaomei , Wang Cheng , Lin Yicheng , Zhang Peng 
Published: January 2022

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a life-threatening disease. Growing evidence indicated that IPAH is a chronic immune disease. This study explored the molecular mechanisms and T cell infiltration of IPAH using integrated bioinformatics methods.Methods: Gene expression profiles of dataset GSE113439 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and analyzed using R. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were established by NetworkAnalyst. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis was performed using ClueGO. Transcription factors of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were estimated using iRegulon. Transcription factors and selected hub genes were verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in the lung tissues of rats with pulmonary artery hypertension. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were applied jointly to identify the crucial hub genes. Moreover, immune infiltration in IPAH was calculated using ImmuCellAI, and the correlation between key hub genes and immune cells was analyzed using R.Results: A total of 512 DEGs were screened, and ten hub genes and three transcription factors were filtered by the DEG PPI network. The DEGs were mainly enriched in mitotic nuclear division, chromosome organization, and nucleocytoplasmic transport. The ten hub genes and three transcription factors were confirmed by qPCR. Moreover, MAPK6 was identified as the most potent biomarker with an AUC of 100%, and ImmuCellAI immune infiltration analysis showed that a higher proportion of CD4-naive T cells and central memory T cells (Tcm) was apparent in the IPAH group, whereas the proportions of cytotoxic T cells (Tc), exhausted T cells (Tex), type 17 T helper cells, effector memory T cells, natural killer T cells (NKT), natural killer cells, gamma-delta T cells, and CD8 T cells were lower. Finally, MAPK6 was positively correlated with Tex and Tcm, and negatively correlated with Tc and NKT.Conclusion:MAPK6 was identified as a crucial hub gene to discriminate IPAH from the normal group. Dysregulated immune reactions were identified in the lung tissue of patients with IPAH.
Surgical vs. Conservative Management for Lobar Intracerebral Hemorrhage, a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Akram Muhammad Junaid , Zhao Rui , Shen Xue , Yang Wen-Song , Deng Lan , Li Zuo-Qiao , Hu Xiao , Zhao Li-Bo , Xie Peng , Li Qi 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundOutcomes regarding the conventional surgical and conservative treatment for the lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) have not been previously compared. The current meta-analysis was designed to review and compile the evidence regarding the management of patients with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage.MethodsOnline electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Studies were selected on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Trials with CT-confirmed lobar intracerebral hemorrhage patients of which treatment regimen was started within 72 h following the stroke were included. Low quality trials were excluded. Death or dependence was defined as primary outcome and death at the end of the follow up was the secondary outcome.ResultsOne hundred five RCTs were screened and 96 articles were excluded on the basis of abstract. Nine articles were assessed for the eligibility and 7 trials were included that involved 1,102 patients. The Odds ratio (OR) for the primary outcome was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.62–1.04, p = 0.09) and for the secondary outcome was 0.79 (95%CI, 0.60–1.03, p = 0.09).ConclusionOur findings suggested that surgical treatments did not significantly improve the functional outcome as compared with the conservative medical management for patients with lobar ICH.
Clinical Features of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis in Children: A Single Center Study
Authors: Zhang Feizhou , Yang Tongyu , Liu Zhixuan , Jia Xuan , Yang Li , Wu Lei , Tang Lanfang 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundHypersensitivity pneumonia (HP) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) mainly involving small airways and lung parenchyma that is caused by the inhalation of antigens in susceptible people to stimulate the body's immune response.MethodsA total of 6 Chinese children with HP treated in our center from July 2017 to July 2021 were included in our study.ResultsAmong the children, there were 4 males and 2 females, ranging in age from 4 to 14 years. Three cases had chest tightness and shortness of breath, 2 cases had cough, 1 case had chest pain, and 1 case had fever. Two cases of children had a history of close contact with pet dogs, 1 case had a history of contact with pigeons, 2 cases lived in a moldy house recently, and 1 case recently played a saxophone that had been idle for more than 2 years. The parents of two cases also had similar symptoms recently. The specific signs of chest HRCT of 6 cases all were in line with the characteristics of HP. After avoiding the sensitization environment, 2 children quickly recovered, 4 patients received low-dose glucocorticoid oral treatment, and after symptom control the dose was gradually reduced. The course of treatment was about 3–6 months.ConclusionsExposure to a potential antigen has been found in all 6 HP children. The clinical manifestations are heterogeneous and easy to confuse with other diseases. A clear history of exposure to the antigens, respiratory symptoms associated with HP, signs of HP on HRCT, and improvement after removal from the antigenic environment constitute the cornerstone of the diagnosis of HP children in our unit. Avoiding exposure to antigenic environment is the first step in treatment, and glucocorticoid use is necessary in children with persistent symptoms.
Guided-Wave Up-Conversion Luminescence in Er3+/Yb3+ Co-doped Phosphate Glass Waveguide Produced by Direct Femtosecond Laser Writing
Authors: Zhou Yuxiang , Cheng Chen , Hu Lili , Chen Feng 
Published: January 2022

We report on guided-wave up-conversion luminescence in femtosecond laser writing cladding waveguides in Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glass. The waveguides were fabricated with 30-μm- and 100-μm-diameter of the guiding cores. The guiding properties of waveguides have been investigated at 633 nm by end face coupling of free space light and physical contact of fibers. The experimental and calculated results of propagating modal profiles and losses have proved favorable performances suitable to Gaussian mode field and multi-mode applications. Under the optical pump laser at 980 nm, the guided-wave up-conversion luminescence at visible light range has been realized through the waveguides.
Unifying Diagnosis Identification and Prediction Method Embedding the Disease Ontology Structure From Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Chen Jingfeng , Guo Chonghui , Lu Menglin , Ding Suying 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThe reasonable classification of a large number of distinct diagnosis codes can clarify patient diagnostic information and help clinicians to improve their ability to assign and target treatment for primary diseases. Our objective is to identify and predict a unifying diagnosis (UD) from electronic medical records (EMRs).MethodsWe screened 4,418 sepsis patients from a public MIMIC-III database and extracted their diagnostic information for UD identification, their demographic information, laboratory examination information, chief complaint, and history of present illness information for UD prediction. We proposed a data-driven UD identification and prediction method (UDIPM) embedding the disease ontology structure. First, we designed a set similarity measure method embedding the disease ontology structure to generate a patient similarity matrix. Second, we applied affinity propagation clustering to divide patients into different clusters, and extracted a typical diagnosis code co-occurrence pattern from each cluster. Furthermore, we identified a UD by fusing visual analysis and a conditional co-occurrence matrix. Finally, we trained five classifiers in combination with feature fusion and feature selection method to unify the diagnosis prediction.ResultsThe experimental results on a public electronic medical record dataset showed that the UDIPM could extracted a typical diagnosis code co-occurrence pattern effectively, identified and predicted a UD based on patients' diagnostic and admission information, and outperformed other fusion methods overall.ConclusionsThe accurate identification and prediction of the UD from a large number of distinct diagnosis codes and multi-source heterogeneous patient admission information in EMRs can provide a data-driven approach to assist better coding integration of diagnosis.
Correlation Between Increase of Axial Length and Height Growth in Chinese School-Age Children
Authors: Tao Lixia , Wang Chunxiao , Peng Yiyi , Xu Meiping , Wan Minghui , Lou Jiangtao , Yu Xinping 
Published: January 2022

PurposeTo identify the relationship between the increase in axial length (AL) and height in school-age children and explore the influence of refractive status on such a relationship.MethodsIn this 5-year cohort study, 414 Chinese children (237 boys) aged 6–9 years (mean 7.12) underwent measurements annually. AL was measured using the Lenstar; height with the children standing, without shoes; and refraction using subjective refraction without cycloplegia. Participants were divided according to the refractive status: persistent emmetropia, persistent myopia, and newly developed myopia. The measurement time points of the persistent emmetropia and persistent myopia groups were marked as T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. The time of myopia onset in the newly developed myopia group was marked as t0; the preceding time points were marked as t−1, t−2, and so on, and the succeeding as t1, t2, and so on. The association between increase in AL and height was analyzed using simple correlation analysis.ResultsThe mean changes in AL, height, and refraction were 1.39 mm, 23.60 cm, and −1.69 D, respectively, over 5 years in all children. The increase in AL and height were positively correlated for T1~T2, T1~T3, T1~T4, and T1~T5 (r = 0.262, P &lt; 0.001; r = 0.108, P = 0.034; r = 0.165, P = 0.001; r = 0.174, P = 0.001, respectively). The changes in AL and height in the newly developed myopia group were significantly correlated (r = 0.289, P = 0.009) after myopia onset (t0~t2).ConclusionThe increase in AL and height were positively correlated, especially in the newly developed myopia group after myopia onset. Thus, when children grow quickly, AL elongation should be monitored.
Analisis Pengaruh Tekanan Pompa Pendingin Air Laut Terhadap Fresh Water Cooler Mesin Induk MV. Ibrahim Zahier
Authors: Yando Markus , Kusumaningrum Sari , Akbara Novrain Rizki 
Published: January 2022

Alat Transportasi laut / kapal laut niaga saat ini adalah urat nadi distribusi dari perekonomian bangsa Indonesia. Untuk memindahkan atau mengantarkan barang dari satu tempat ketempat lain dalam jumlah besar dengan biaya ekonomis. Kapal laut niaga memiliki 2 (dua) departemen, departemen Nautika dan Teknika, untuk Kelancaran Operasional kapal laut niaga tentunya harus disertai dengan sinergi dari 2 belah pihak, pada tulisan ini kami khususkan pada departemen Teknika yang memiliki tugas dan fungsi untuk menjaga kelancaran pengoperasian permesinan secara berkelanjutan, dari Mesin Induk, dan pesawat bantu lainnya. Pompa tersebut merupakan salah satu komponen penting di atas kapal yang harus dijaga dalam perawatan dan perbaikannya, agar pengoperasian mesin induk berjalan lancar. Sistem pendingin merupakan sistem yang berfungsi menjaga temperatur mesin pada suhu tertentu sesuai dengan desain yang ditentukan agar mesin diesel dapat beroperasi secara berkelanjutan. Mesin Diesel yang beroperasi menghasilkan panas dengan suhu Sistem pendingin ini terdiri dari beberapa komponen penyusun yang utamanya untuk mendinginkan blok mesin, selain mendinginkan blok mesin, sistem pendingin juga mendinginkan pelumas, scavange air dan water jacket (Julianto, 2019). Komponen yang berfungsi mendinginkan air tawar ini umumnya disebut sebagai heat exchanger/fresh water cooler. Apabila pompa berjalan normal maka hasil temperatur pendinginan juga akan normal apabila pompa berjalan normal dengan tekanan 2.0 bar maka hasil temperatur yang didinginkan dari fresh water cooler yaitu sekitar 44-54 celcius. Pada pelayaran dari palembang menuju ke cilacap terdapat kejadian yang tidak normal pada pompa pendingin air laut tekanannya tertera 1.5 Bar dan mengakibatkan panasnya temperatur fresh water cooler dengan temperatur 58-62 celcius yang menyebabkan peningkatan suhu mesin induk dan mengganggu operasonal mesin induk pada kapal MV. Ibrahim Zahier.