bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One‐pot Synthesis of Hierarchical, Micro‐macroporous Zeolites with Encapsulated Metal Particles as Sinter‐resistant, Bifunctional Catalysts
Authors: Weissenberger Tobias , Kapil Nidhi , Trogadas Panagiotis , Coppens Marc‐Olivier 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report a new one‐pot synthesis procedure for hierarchical zeolites with intracrystalline macropores and metal particles encapsulated within the zeolitic walls. The synthesis allows to prepare macroporous zeolites of MFI topology with different heteroatoms (silicalite‐1, ZSM‐5 and TS‐1) and different encapsulated noble metal particles, such as gold, platinum and palladium. The hierarchically structured zeolites contain large macropores with diameters around 400 nm, which are well distributed and interconnected and should significantly enhance mass transport properties. The encapsulation of metal nanoparticles within the zeolitic walls leads to remarkable sinter resistance of the particles. Encapsulated gold nanoparticles (2.6 nm) do not significantly change in size during an 18‐hour treatment at 600 °C under air, while non‐encapsulated gold particles sinter heavily during the same treatment. Catalytic experiments for the direct epoxidation of propene with hydrogen and oxygen show that both catalytic functions of a macroporous TS‐1 sample that encapsulates gold particles are accessible and active. This catalyst displays high activity, although PO selectivity could still be improved. These materials show great potential for use in catalytic applications, due to their bifunctional nature, high sintering resistance, shape selective properties and hierarchical structure.
Aggressive uveal melanoma displays a high degree of centrosome amplification, opening the door to therapeutic intervention
Authors: Sabat‐Pośpiech Dorota , Fabian‐Kolpanowicz Kim , Kalirai Helen , Kipling Natalie , Coupland Sarah E , Coulson Judy M , Fielding Andrew B 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular cancer in adults. Whilst treatment of primary UM (PUM) is often successful, around 50% of patients develop metastatic disease with poor outcomes, linked to chromosome 3 loss (monosomy 3, M3). Advances in understanding UM cell biology may indicate new therapeutic options. We report that UM exhibits centrosome abnormalities, which in other cancers are associated with increased invasiveness and worse prognosis, but also represent a potential Achilles' heel for cancer‐specific therapeutics. Analysis of 75 PUM patient samples revealed both higher centrosome numbers and an increase in centrosomes with enlarged pericentriolar matrix (PCM) compared to surrounding normal tissue, both indicative of centrosome amplification. The PCM phenotype was significantly associated with M3 (t‐test, p < 0.01). Centrosomes naturally enlarge as cells approach mitosis; however, whilst UM with higher mitotic scores had enlarged PCM regardless of genetic status, the PCM phenotype remained significantly associated with M3 in UM with low mitotic scores (ANOVA, p = 0.021) suggesting that this is independent of proliferation. Phenotypic analysis of patient‐derived cultures and established UM lines revealed comparable levels of centrosome amplification in PUM cells to archetypal triple‐negative breast cancer cell lines, whilst metastatic UM (MUM) cell lines had even higher levels. Importantly, many UM cells also exhibit centrosome clustering, a common strategy employed by other cancer cells with centrosome amplification to survive cell division. As UM samples with M3 display centrosome abnormalities indicative of amplification, this phenotype may contribute to the development of MUM, suggesting that centrosome de‐clustering drugs may provide a novel therapeutic approach.
SAR Analysis of Heterocyclic Compounds with Monocyclic and Bicyclic Structures as Antifungal Agents
Authors: Yang Liu , Bo Xu Wen , Sun Liangpeng , Zhang Changhao , Hua Jin Cheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInfections caused by eukaryotic organisms, such as fungi, are generally more difficult to treat than bacterial infections. With the widespread use of antifungal drugs in humans and plants, resistance and toxicity have emerged. Therefore, it is desirable to develop new antifungal drugs with low toxicity that are not susceptible to the development of resistance. This review presents a summary of the past few years (2017–2021) of research on heterocyclic compounds as antifungal agents for use in humans and plants, focusing on the structure‐activity relationships (SAR) of these compounds. This review may provide ideas and information for designing and developing new antifungal drugs with fewer side effects compared with currently available drugs.
An Aqueous Alginate‐based Binder Modified with Zn2+ Ions and Prussian Blue Analogues for Enhanced Silicon Anodes
Authors: Wu Fang , Yang Ziyu , Liu Jiarun , Liu Xiaoxuan , Yang Jian , Xiang Yong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work, an aqueous three‐dimensional (3D) crosslinked alginate‐Zn‐Prussian blue analogue (Alg−Zn‐PBAs) binder with improved mechanical property has been constructed for Si anodes. The Alg−Zn‐PBAs aqueous binder is fabricated via Zn2+ ion‐induced co‐precipitation reaction of PBAs nanoparticles and ionic crosslinking reaction of Alg−Zn network. The anchored PBAs nanoparticles can be formed around the Zn2+ ions and offer enhanced stability due to their strong supramolecular interactions to the Alg−Zn matrix. Consequently, the Si anodes using Alg−Zn‐PBAs binder exhibits a capacity of 1372.9 mAh g−1 for 200 cycles at 0.84 A g−1 and a higher capacity when compared to electrodes fabricated by using Alg−Zn binder and Alg binder. This work demonstrates that the combination of PBAs and alginate via an one‐step process of Zn2+ ions induced co‐precipitation reaction is a better design of aqueous binders for lithium‐ion batteries system with a green synthetic process.
Machine learning and deep learning‐driven methods for predicting ambient particulate matters levels: A case study
Authors: Wu Amin , Harrou Fouzi , Dairi Abdelkader , Sun Ying 
Published: April 2022

SummaryDust, or particulate matter (PM2.5), is among the most harmful pollutants negatively affecting human health. Predicting indoor PM2.5 concentrations is essential to achieve acceptable indoor air quality. This study aims to investigate data‐driven models to accurately predict PM 2.5 pollution. Notably, a comparative study has been conducted between twenty‐one machine learning and deep learning models to predict PM2.5 levels. Specifically, we investigate the performance of machine learning and deep learning models to predict ambient PM2.5 concentrations based on other ambient pollutants, including SO, NO, O, CO, and PM10. Here, we applied Bayesian optimization to optimally tune hyperparameters of the Gaussian process regression with different kernels and ensemble learning models (i.e., boosted trees and bagged trees) and investigated their prediction performance. Furthermore, to further enhance the forecasting performance of the investigated models, dynamic information has been incorporated by introducing lagged measurements in the construction of the considered models. Results show a significant improvement in the prediction performance when considering dynamic information from past data. Moreover, three methods, namely, random forest (RF), decision tree, and extreme gradient boosting, are applied to assess variables contribution and revealed that lagged PM2.5 data contribute significantly to the prediction performance and enables the construction of parsimonious models. Hourly concentration levels of ambient air pollution from the air quality monitoring network located in Seoul are employed to verify the prediction effectiveness of the studied models. Six measurements of effectiveness are used for assessing the prediction quality. Results showed that deep learning models are more efficient than the other investigated machine learning models (i.e., SVR, GPR, bagged and boosted trees, RF, and XGBoost). Also, the results showed that the bidirectional long short term memory (BiLSTM) and bidirectional gated recurrent units (BiGRU) networks produce higher performance than the investigated machine learning models (i.e., SVR, GPR, bagged and boosted trees, RF, and XGBoost) and deep learning models (i.e., LSTM, GRU, and convolutional neural network).
Conjugated Polymers for Gene Delivery and Photothermal Gene Expression
Authors: Song Gang , Lv Fengting , Huang Yiming , Bai Haotian , Wang Shu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGene therapy has attracted great attention due to its applications in disease treatment. The key point for gene therapy is how to improve the efficiency of gene delivery and precisely control gene expression. Conjugated polymers (CPs) have hydrophobic π‐conjugated backbones and modifiable side chains, which provide desired photophysical properties and have been applied in the field of bio‐sensing, biomedical and gene‐based therapies. Herein, we summarize the strategies of DNA delivery and small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery based on cationic conjugated polymers, in addition, the strategies for precisely control the expression of target gene by photothermal‐responsive conjugated polymers for cancer therapy and gene editing are described. Finally, future challenges of efficient and safe gene delivery strategies are presented, and perspectives in the precise control of gene expression are also discussed.
Abrogation of graft ischemia‐reperfusion injury in ischemia‐free liver transplantation
Authors: Guo Zhiyong , Xu Jinghong , Huang Shanzhou , Yin Meixian , Zhao Qiang , Ju Weiqiang , Wang Dongping , Gao Ningxin , Huang Changjun , Yang Lu , Chen Maogen , Zhang Zhiheng , Zhu Zebin , Wang Linhe , Zhu Caihui , Zhang Yixi , Tang Yunhua , Chen Haitian , Liu Kunpeng , Lu Yuting , Ma Yi , Hu Anbin , Chen Yinghua , Zhu Xiaofeng , He Xiaoshun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIschemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) is considered an inherent component of organ transplantation that compromises transplant outcomes and organ availability. The ischemia‐free liver transplantation (IFLT) procedure has been developed to avoid interruption of blood supply to liver grafts. It is unknown how IFLT might change the characteristics of graft IRI.MethodsSerum and liver biopsy samples were collected from IFLT and conventional liver transplantation (CLT) recipients. Pathological, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics analyses were performed to identify the characteristic changes in graft IRI in IFLT.ResultsPeak aspartate aminotransferase (539.59 ± 661.76 U/L versus 2622.28 ± 3291.57 U/L) and alanine aminotransferase (297.64 ± 549.50 U/L versus 1184.16 ± 1502.76 U/L) levels within the first 7 days and total bilirubin levels by day 7 (3.27 ± 2.82 mg/dl versus 8.33 ± 8.76 mg/dl) were lower in the IFLT versus CLT group (all p values < 0.001). The pathological characteristics of IRI were more obvious in CLT grafts. The antioxidant pentose phosphate pathway remained active throughout the procedure in IFLT grafts and was suppressed during preservation and overactivated postrevascularization in CLT grafts. Gene transcriptional reprogramming was almost absent during IFLT but was profound during CLT. Proteomics analysis showed that “metabolism of RNA” was the major differentially expressed process between the two groups. Several proinflammatory pathways were not activated post‐IFLT as they were post‐CLT. The activities of natural killer cells, macrophages, and neutrophils were lower in IFLT grafts than in CLT grafts. The serum levels of 14 cytokines were increased in CLT versus IFLT recipients.ConclusionsIFLT can largely avoid the biological consequences of graft IRI, thus has the potential to improve transplant outcome while increasing organ utilization.
Circle‐Seq reveals genomic and disease‐specific hallmarks in urinary cell‐free extrachromosomal circular DNAs
Authors: Lv Wei , Pan Xiaoguang , Han Peng , Wang Ziyu , Feng Weijia , Xing Xue , Wang Qingqing , Qu Kunli , Zeng Yuchen , Zhang Cailin , Xu Zhe , Li Yi , Zheng Tianyu , Lin Ling , Liu Chengxun , Liu Xuemei , Li Hanbo , Henriksen Rasmus Amund , Bolund Lars , Lin Lin , Jin Xin , Yang Huanming , Zhang Xiuqing , Yin Tailang , Regenberg Birgitte , He Fan , Luo Yonglun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundExtrachromosomal circular deoxyribonucleic acid (eccDNA) is evolving as a valuable biomarker, while little is known about its presence in urine.MethodsHere, we report the discovery and analysis of urinary cell‐free eccDNAs (ucf‐eccDNAs) in healthy controls and patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) by Circle‐Seq.ResultsMillions of unique ucf‐eccDNAs were identified and comprehensively characterised. The ucf‐eccDNAs are GC‐rich. Most ucf‐eccDNAs are less than 1000 bp and are enriched in four pronounced peaks at 207, 358, 553 and 732 bp. Analysis of the genomic distribution of ucf‐eccDNAs shows that eccDNAs are found on all chromosomes but enriched on chromosomes 17, 19 and 20 with a high density of protein‐coding genes, CpG islands, short interspersed transposable elements (SINEs) and simple repeat elements. Analysis of eccDNA junction sequences further suggests that microhomology and palindromic repeats might be involved in eccDNA formation. The ucf‐eccDNAs in CKD patients are significantly higher than those in healthy controls. Moreover, eccDNA with miRNA genes is highly enriched in CKD ucf‐eccDNA.ConclusionsThis work discovers and provides the first deep characterisation of ucf‐eccDNAs and suggests ucf‐eccDNA as a valuable noninnvasive biomarker for urogenital disorder diagnosis and monitoring.
Distributed space‐time block coding based cooperative generalized spatial modulation
Authors: Altın Gökhan 
Published: April 2022

SummaryIn this study, two novel distributed space‐time block coding based cooperative generalized spatial modulation networks are proposed, and their theoretical analyses are derived. The first network is a three‐node cooperative system, consisting of a source (S), a relay (R), and a destination (D). In this design, S sends a GSM symbol to R and D in the broadcast phase. In the relay phase, if R decodes the received signal correctly, it encodes the orthogonal counterpart of the GSM symbol, and sends it to D. If R has a decoding error, it sends a failure to S, and S realizes the R's transmission. The second network is designed with two relays. Here, S sends the GSM symbol to , , and D in the broadcast phase. In the relay phase, if both relays decode the incoming signal correctly, regenerates the GSM symbol coming from S, and encodes the orthogonal version of it. After encoding, both send them to D in a successive manner. If any or both relays fail, S sends the symbol of in the relay phase. Theoretical and asymptotic analyses as well as simulation results are provided for both networks. It is seen that derived analytical expressions match with the simulation curves. Moreover, since we use the GSM in the proposed methods, their data rates are higher for the same number of transmit antennas. Even for the same spectral efficiency, they provide a significant diversity gain and a better error performance than the existing methods.
Design of wideband planar antenna with inverted I‐shaped tuning stubs for application in 5G, satellite communication, and Internet of Things
Authors: Mukherjee Kaushal , Mukhopadhyay Subhadeep , Roy Sahadev 
Published: April 2022

SummaryIn this article, a wideband planar antenna is proposed for 5G mobile communications, satellite communication, and Internet of Things (IoT)‐enabled applications. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular radiating patch and two I‐shaped tuning stubs, excited by two I‐shape microstrip lines. The antenna of size (17 × 20 × 1) mm3 is designed using FR4 material having a dielectric constant (
) of 4.4. Simulated results illustrate that the antenna operates with a radiation efficiency of 90% and a peak gain of 9.33 dBi. The achieved bandwidth of 161.54 GHz ranging from 31.6 to 193.14 GHz covers the licensed and planned bands of 5G communication (n257, n258, n259, n260, and n261). This antenna will support lower bands within 30 GHz (X, K, Ka, middle frequency bands), within 110 GHz (Q, U, V, W, F bands), and upper‐frequency bands up to 170 GHz (D‐band) used for satellite communication. The IoT framework is required to be updated, by ultra‐high‐speed antennas, which will improve the user experience in the fields like agriculture, communication, education, and transportation. A comparative study between the proposed antenna and other existing antennas with supporting results such as VSWR, impedance bandwidth, radiation efficiency, and gain is also presented in this work.
Glycosylation alterations in serum of Alzheimer's disease patients show widespread changes in N‐glycosylation of proteins related to immune function, inflammation, and lipoprotein metabolism
Authors: Tena Jennyfer , Tang Xinyu , Zhou Qingwen , Harvey Danielle , Barajas‐Mendoza Maria , Jin Lee‐Way , Maezawa Izumi , Zivkovic Angela M. , Lebrilla Carlito B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is an increased need for the development of novel blood‐based biomarkers for early detection, prevention, or intervention in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study sought to determine whether serum glycopeptide analysis holds potential for identifying novel diagnostics and prognostics of AD.MethodsThe study involved 195 participants, including 96 patients with an AD diagnosis and 99 controls with no cognitive deficit. Utilizing a validated analytical mass spectrometry method, we monitored the site‐specific glycosylation of 52 serum glycoproteins.ResultsPartial least‐squares discriminant analysis revealed that changes in overall sialylation and fucosylation of serum glycoproteins may be indicators of an AD disease state. Loss of fucosylation of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG2 was indicative of AD diagnosis. Individual glycopeptide analysis found separation between the AD patients and controls on complement proteins and apolipoprotein B.DiscussionThe results of this study suggest that serum glycoprofiling may be a promising approach for biomarker discovery.
Effects of future climate change on the forests of Madagascar
Authors: Hending Daniel , Holderied Marc , McCabe Grainne , Cotton Sam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGlobal climate change is continuing to occur at an alarming rate. In addition to increases in global weather extremes, melting of polar ice caps, and subsequent sea level rises, climate change is known to directly impact the life cycles and ecologies of many animals and plants. While climate change is projected to result in substantial geographic range and habitat contractions for many species in future, the effects of climate change on many habitats of conservation concern remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated how future climate change is projected to impact the occurrence and distribution of four major forest types of Madagascar, a global biodiversity hotspot and conservation priority, over the next 60 years. We also compared how climate change effects vary among the four forest types under a “mitigation” climate forecast and under a “business‐as‐usual” trajectory. As expected, our models suggest that future climate change will affect the distribution of the four forest types under both trajectories, and forest occurrence is likely to decrease if mean temperatures, temperature seasonality, and precipitation rates increase as predicted. The exception is that forest gain is predicted to occur in the northwest of Madagascar, resulting in a small increase in transitional forest area under the “business‐as‐usual” climate change trajectory. Our study highlights that unmitigated climate change will have a negative impact on Madagascar's forests during the period up to the year 2080, and climate change therefore needs to be mitigated. Madagascar remains a global conservation priority, and urgent conservation action and protective legislation are required to safeguard the future of its native forest.
An exploratory investigation of predictors of outcome in face‐to‐face and online cognitive‐behavioural therapy for bulimia nervosa
Authors: Matherne Camden E. , Watson Hunna , Fassnacht Daniel B. , Ali Kathina , Zerwas Stephanie , Peat Christine , Runfola Cristin , Levine Michele D. , Marcus Marsha D. , Zimmer Benjamin , Moessner Markus , Crosby Ross , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveCognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) delivered face‐to‐face and via the internet reduces bulimia nervosa (BN) symptoms. However, our empirical understanding of factors affecting patient outcomes is limited.MethodUsing data from a randomised, controlled trial comparing internet‐based (CBT4BN, n = 78) with face‐to‐face (CBTF2F, n = 71) group CBT (97% female, M = 28 years), we examined general treatment (across conditions) and modality‐specific predictors of end‐treatment and 1‐year outcomes (abstinence, binge‐eating frequency, purging frequency).ResultsImproved eating disorder‐related quality of life (EDQOL) during treatment and follow‐up predicted abstinence at end‐treatment and 1‐year assessments. Improved EDQOL, disordered eating cognitions, and anxiety symptoms predicted less frequent binge eating and purging. Previous CBT and being employed predicted more frequent binge eating and purging at both assessments. Higher self‐transcendence and self‐directedness predicted less frequent binge eating. More severe binge eating and purging at baseline and end‐treatment predicted more frequent binge eating and purging at subsequent assessments. Improved EDQOL was more strongly associated with positive outcome in CBT4BN; improved depressive symptoms and health‐related QOL predicted positive outcome in CBT4BN but not CBTF2F.DiscussionSymptom improvement and certain character traits predicted positive outcome, whereas more severe presentation and prior CBT experience predicted poorer outcome. Consideration of intreatment symptom improvement may facilitate care recommendations, particularly for internet‐based modalities.
Declassified intelligence satellite imagery as a tool to reconstruct past landforms and surface processes: The submerged riverscape of the Tigris River below the Mosul Dam Lake, Iraq
Authors: Forti Luca , Mariani Guido S. , Brandolini Filippo , Pezzotta Andrea , Zerboni Andrea 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLocated along the Tigris River in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, the Mosul Dam Reservoir is the second biggest dam of the Near East and represents an important water storage for local human activities. The dam was built between 1981 and 1988 north of the village of Eski Mosul, submerging the course of the Tigris River for c. 100 km. The analysis of historical images derived from declassified Corona satellite imagery acquired between December 1967 and August 1968 reveals the pristine pattern of the Tigris River, including the seasonal changes of its riverbed, shifting across the hydrological year from meandering to anastomosing patterns. Geomorphological mapping based on Corona images allowed us to estimate the seasonal modification of fluvial elements such as the floodplain and point, middle and longitudinal bars. The comparison with Landsat data collected since the 1990s showed the first phases of the basin filling and the control on the present‐day aspect of the lake inherited from the setting of the Tigris channel belt and, more in general, the litho‐structural control over the evolution of the local hydrographic network; we also document the influence of the original Tigris River course on its recent insertion into the lake. Our work allowed reconstruction of the ancient fluvial landscape below the Mosul Dam Lake and the evolution of its riverscape controlled by litho‐structural factors and seasonal variations of the river discharge. Finally, this contribution highlights the relevance of declassified intelligence satellite imagery in interpreting natural geomorphic processes and landforms, today altered by human agency.