bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of MicroRNAs in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis and other Inflammatory Conditions of Intestine: A Review
Authors: Maheshwari Akhil , Donda Keyur , Bose Tanima , Dame Christof 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:The understanding of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) etiopathogenesis is incomplete, contributing to the lack of early biomarkers and therapeutic options. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of RNAs that can alter gene expression and modulate various physiological and pathological processes. Several studies have been performed to evaluate the role of miRNA in the pathogenesis of NEC. In this article, we review the information on miRNAs that have been specifically identified in NEC or have been noted in other inflammatory bowel disorders that share some of the histopathological abnormalities seen frequently in NEC. This review highlights miRNAs that could be useful as early biomarkers of NEC and suggests possible approaches for future translational studies focused on these analytes. It is a novel field with potential for immense translational and clinical relevance in preventing, detecting, or treating NEC in very premature infants.Impact:• Current information categorizes necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) as a multifactorial disease, but microRNAs (miRNAs) may influence the risk of occurrence of NEC. • MiRNAs may alter the severity of the intestinal injury and the clinical outcome of NEC. • The literature on intestinal diseases of adults suggests additional miRNAs that have not been studied in NEC yet but share some features and deserve further exploration in human NEC, especially if affecting gut dysbiosis, intestinal perfusion, and coagulation disorders.
Vital Bioactive Compounds Present in Punica granatum Peel and Its Functional Effects on Human Health
Authors: Noor Uroosa , Soni Shashi , Gupta Ena 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Inclination of the world towards natural and super foods have intended the researchers and nutritionist to develop foods that are highly nutritious, feasible, eco-friendly as well as can act as an immuno-booster. Massive amounts of agro-industrial waste generation throughout the world have drawn attention for its utilization and transformation from waste to wealth. A healthy Indian diet includes food from all food groups in which one-fourth part of diet is covered by fruits and vegetables. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) and its various parts are one amongst the most familiar fruit for its therapeutic applications and wonderful flavor since traditional times. Million tons of pomegranate peels are produced per annum around the world and is a considerable source of phytochemicals, vitamins, minerals, and numerous bioactive compounds like phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones etc. Consequently, providing many health benefits like cardio-protective, nephro-protective, hepato-protective, anticancer, antimutagenic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and many other chronic diseases. Its safety and efficacy for consumption had been proved by the incorporation in food products and industrial applications. The main aim of this chapter is to focus on the presence of vital bioactive compounds in pomegranate peel and their functional benefits on human health.
An Exploration of ChCl/Glycerol-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent as a Sustainable
Reaction Medium for the Synthesis of Biologically Important
Aminopyrazole and Aminopyrazolone Compounds
Authors: Bhirud Jayashri D. , Gupta Gaurav R. , Narkhede Hemant P. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:
the synthesis of 4-((1-phenyl-3-(substitutedphenyl)-1h-pyrazol-4-yl) methylene)-
4h-pyrazol-3,5-diamine and 3-amino-4-((1-phenyl-3-(substitutedphenyl)-1h-pyrazol-4-yl)
methylene)-1h-pyrazol-5(4h)-one was designed and performed very aptly in deep eutectic solvent
system.

Methods:
the utilization of deep eutectic solvent (des) system chcl/gly (1:2) in the absence of hazardous
organic co-solvents, an efficient multicomponent one-pot synthetic strategy has been advanced.
In addition to that, from the perspectives of sustainable developments in organic synthesis,
the deep eutectic solvent system was recovered and very efficiently reused up to four cycles.

Results:
it has been observed that the efficacy of the deep eutectic solvent was decreased after the
second cycle, which has a measurable impact on the yield of the reaction.

Conclusion:
furthermore, the synthesized aminopyrazole and aminopyrazolone compounds were
screened as antibacterial and antifungal agents.
Therapeutic Status of Famotidine in COVID-19 Patients: A Review
Authors: Mohseni Moein , Raissi Vahid , Sharifan Yasamin , Barikro Kimia , Amiri Sasan , Mohseni Maedeh Sadat , Raeisi Farid , Masoumi Kimia , Khodakarami Sina , Raiesi Omid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:The novel coronavirus, SARS-coV-2, which emerged in Wuhan in November 2019, has increasingly spread worldwide. More than 272 million cases of infection have been identified. COVID-19 has affected 223 countries and territories across the world. The principal target of the SARS-CoV-2 infection is the lower respiratory tract. Series of moderate to non-specific severe clinical signs and symptoms appear two to fourteen days after exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 disease, including cough, breath deficiency, and at least two of these symptoms: headache, fever, chills, repeated rigor, myalgia, oropharyngitis, anosmia, and ageusia. No therapeutic agents have been validated to have substantial efficacy in the clinical care of COVID-19 patients in large-scale trials, despite worsening infected rates of COVID-19. Early clinical evidence from many sources suggests that treatment with famotidine may decrease COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality. The mechanism by which famotidine could improve the outcomes of COVID-19 is currently unknown. A more recent postulated mechanism is that the effect of famotidine is mediated by histamine-2 receptor antagonism or inverse agonism, inferring that the SARS-CoV-2, resulting in COVID-19 infection, at least partially leads to the abnormal release of histamine and perhaps dysfunction of mast cells.
Geometric Analysis of 3D Facial Image Data: A Survey
Authors: Fang Shiaofen , Wang Hao 
Published: January 2022

Background:
3D facial image data has become an important data source in many biometric computing applications due to the increasing availability of 3D surface image collection technologies.

Objective:
In this survey paper, we aim to review recent advances in 3D geometry-based techniques for facial image analysis and their roles in several critical applications.

Method:
We first study the 3D facial landmark detection techniques which are often required for many facial data analysis applications. We then review the literatures related to several critical 3D facial image based applications including face recognition, medical diagnosis, and 3D face reconstruction.

Conclusion:
Our review shows that while 3D facial image data has been widely used as an important biometric data source, critical solutions still need to be developed in applications that require substantial understanding of the underlying anatomic and geometric structures of human faces.
Clinical Application of a High Sensitivity BGO PET/CT Scanner: Effects
of Acquisition Protocols and Reconstruction Parameters on Lesions Quantification
Authors: Monaco Lavinia , De Ponti Elena , Crivellaro Cinzia , Morzenti Sabrina , Todde Sergio , Landoni Claudio , Elisei Federica , Musarra Monica , Guerra Luca 
Published: January 2022

Aims:
The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate SUVs variability with respect
to lesion size, administered dose, and reconstruction algorithm.

Background:
SUVmax and SUVpeak are influenced by technical factors as count statistics and reconstruction
algorithms.

Objective:
To fulfill the aim, we evaluated the SUVs variability with respect to lesion size, administered
dose, and reconstruction algorithm (ordered - subset expectation maximization plus point
spread function option - OSEM+PSF, regularized Bayesian Penalized Likelihood - BPL) in a 5 -
rings BGO PET/CT scanner.

Method:
Discovery IQ scanner (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, US) was used for list
mode acquisition of 25 FDG patients, 12 injected with 3.7 MBq/kg (Standard Dose protocol - SD)
and 13 injected with 1.8 MBq/kg (Low Dose protocol - LD). Each acquisition was reconstructed at
different time/FOV with both OSEM+PSF algorithm and BPL using seven different beta factors.
SUVs were calculated in 70 lesions and analysed in function of time/FOV and Beta. Image quality
was evaluated as a coefficient of variation of the liver (CV - liver).

Result:
SUVs were not considerably affected by time/FOV. However, SUVs were influenced by
beta: differences were higher in small lesions (37% for SUVmax, 15% for SUVpeak) compared to larger
ones (14% and 6%). CV - liver ranged from 6% with Beta-500 (LD and SD) to 13% with Beta-
200 (LD). CV - liver of BPL with Beta-350 (optimized for clinical practice in our institution) in
LD was lower than CV - liver of OSEM+PSF in SD.

Conclusion:
When a high sensitivity 5 - rings BGO PET/CT scanner is used with the same reconstruction
algorithm, quantification by means of SUVmax and SUVpeak is a robust standard compared
to the activity and scan duration. However, both SUVs and image quality are influenced by reconstruction
algorithms and the related parameters should be considered to obtain the best compromise
between detectability, quantification, and noise.
AS RAÍZES DA FACULDADE NACIONAL DE DIREITO DA UFRJ: “WEBINAR DE 130 ANOS: NOS MEUS TEMPOS DE FND” E O EVENTO “TRAJETÓRIAS E ENREDOS DE LUTA: 130 ANOS DA FND”
Authors: Cesário Kone Prieto Fortunato , Ferreira Rondinelle da Silva 
Published: January 2022

Este ensaio é parte do projeto de um dossiê sobre os 130 anos da Faculdade Nacional de Direito da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Tendo como referência contar como importantes eventos que marcam parte da celebração dos 130 da Nacional de Direito, buscando a perspectiva de uma docente e um discente, dentro da temática de direito e democracia, após trinta e dois anos da primeira eleição direta no Brasil, mas em um período de ameaça à democracia, envolta em dificuldades do encontradas em meio de uma Pandemia mundial e uma polarização da sociedade em torno de temas políticos e sociais.
A “CRIAÇÃO” DA FACULDADE DE DIREITO DA UFRJ (FND) E O ENSINO JURÍDICO NO BRASIL EM 1891: estudo analítico de aspectos da Reforma Benjamin Constant referentes às Faculdades Livres
Authors: Alves Alexandre Ferreira de Assumpção 
Published: January 2022

Elabora-se o presente o artigo no ano em que a Faculdade de Direito da UFRJ, conhecida por seus alunos e ex-alunos como “FND”, comemora 130 (cento e trinta) anos do início de suas atividades, na condição de docente ex-aluno integrante da “turma centenário” (denominação recebida em razão da conclusão do curso de bacharelado no ano do centenário).
Digital Life Coaching During Stem Cell Transplantation: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Banerjee Rahul , Huang Chiung-Yu , Dunn Lisa , Knoche Jennifer , Ryan Chloe , Brassil Kelly , Jackson Lindsey , Patel Dhiren , Lo Mimi , Arora Shagun , Wong Sandy W , Wolf Jeffrey , Martin III Thomas , Dhruva Anand , Shah Nina 
Published: January 2022

Background
For patients with multiple myeloma receiving high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT), acute life disruptions and symptom burden may lead to worsened quality of life (QOL) and increased emotional distress. Digital life coaching (DLC), whereby trained coaches deliver personalized well-being–related support via phone calls and SMS text messaging, has been shown to improve QOL among SCT survivors. However, DLC has not been investigated during the acute peri-SCT period, which is generally characterized by symptomatic exacerbations and 2-week hospitalizations.

Objective
We launched a single-arm pilot study to investigate the feasibility of patient engagement with DLC during this intensive period.

Methods
We approached English-speaking adult patients with multiple myeloma undergoing autologous SCT at our center. Enrolled patients received 16 weeks of virtual access to a life coach beginning on day −5 before SCT. Coaches used structured frameworks to help patients identify and overcome personal barriers to well-being. Patients chose the coaching topics and preferred communication styles. Our primary endpoint was ongoing DLC engagement, defined as bidirectional conversations occurring at least once every 4 weeks during the study period. Secondary endpoints were electronic patient-reported outcome assessments of QOL, distress, and sleep disturbances.

Results
Of the 20 patients who were screened, 17 (85%) chose to enroll and 15 (75%) underwent SCT as planned. Of these 15 patients (median age 65 years, range 50-81 years), 11 (73%) demonstrated ongoing DLC engagement. The median frequency of bidirectional conversations during the 3-month study period was once every 6.2 days (range 3.9-28 days). During index hospitalizations with median lengths of stay of 16 days (range 14-31 days), the median frequency of conversations was once every 5.3 days (range 2.7-15 days). Electronic patient-reported outcome assessments (94% adherence) demonstrated an expected QOL nadir during the second week after SCT. The prevalence of elevated distress was highest immediately before and after SCT, with 69% of patients exhibiting elevated distress on day −5 and on day +2.

Conclusions
DLC may be feasible for older patients during intensive hospital-based cancer treatments such as autologous SCT for multiple myeloma. The limitations of our study include small sample size, selection bias among enrolled patients, and heterogeneity in DLC use. Based on the positive results of this pilot study, a larger phase 2 randomized study of DLC during SCT is underway to investigate the efficacy of DLC with regard to patient well-being.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04432818; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04432818.
Gender Differences and Associated Factors Influencing Problem Gambling in Adolescents in Sweden: Cross-sectional Investigation
Authors: Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma , André Frida , Fridh Maria , Delfin Carl , Håkansson Anders , Lindström Martin 
Published: January 2022

Background
Although gambling disorder is traditionally considered an adult phenomenon, the behavior usually begins in childhood or adolescence.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the frequency of problem gambling among Swedish adolescents and the suspected associated factors.

Methods
This study was based on data collected through a public health survey distributed in 2016 to pupils in ninth grade of primary school and in second grade of secondary school in Sweden. Bayesian binomial regression models, with weakly informative priors, were used to examine whether the frequency of the associated factors differed between those with and without problem gambling.

Results
Approximately 11.7% (469/4002) of the boys in ninth grade of primary school and 13.9% (472/3407) of the boys in second grade of secondary school were classified as problem gamblers. For girls, the corresponding frequencies were 1.2% (48/4167) and 0.7% (27/3634), respectively. The overall response rate was 77% (9143/11,868) among ninth grade pupils and 73.4% (7949/10,832) among second grade pupils, resulting in a total of 17,092 responses. Problem gambling was associated with poor sleep and having tried smoking, alcohol, and other substances among both boys and girls in ninth grade of primary school and boys in second grade of secondary school. Problem gambling among girls in second grade of secondary school was associated with an increased prevalence of having tried smoking and other substances and an increased prevalence of poor sleep.

Conclusions
Using a large representative sample of Swedish adolescents, we found that problem gambling was robustly associated with a substantially increased prevalence of poor sleep and having tried smoking, alcohol, and other substances among both boys and girls in ninth grade of primary school as well as among boys in second grade of secondary school. Our study adds important information for policy makers pointing at vulnerable groups to be considered in their work to prevent problem gambling.
Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Dana Desa: Kasus di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Rahmi Fatizah , Asrinaldi  , Putri Indah Adi 
Published: January 2022

Pergeseran arah pembangunan top-down menjadi bottom-up menuntut pembangunan yang berpusat dari masyarakat, seperti dalam hal partisipasi pengelolaan dana desa. Partisipasi masyarakat dalam hal pengelolaan dana desa di Nagari Situjuah Gadang Kecamatan Situjuah Limo Nagari Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota berhasil mengantarkan Nagari Situjuah Gadang menjadi pengelola klinik keuangan terbaik di Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota tahun 2018. Dengan tingginya partisipasi yang berkorelasi negatif dengan indeks pendidikan serta sosial ekonomi yang dimiliki masyarakat peneliti berasumsi bahwa partisipasi di Nagari Situjuah Gadang merupakan bentuk partisipasi dalam rekayasa sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan & menganalisis bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan dana desa serta mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan dimensi dominan dalam partisipasi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, studi kasus instrumental dengan menggunakan konsep pembangunan partisipatif dari Mansour Fakih serta 4 dimensi partisipasi dari Rusidi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan dana desa di Nagari Situjuah Gadang Kecamatan Situjuah Limo Nagari Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota terbagi kedalam 4 dimensi, yaitu : 1) sumbangan pemikiran, 2) sumbangan materi, 3) sumbangan tenaga, 4) memanfaatkan dan melaksanakan pembangunan. Berdasarkan dimensi tersebut ditemukan bahwasanya kecenderungan partisipasi masyarakat di Nagari Situjuah Gadang dalam hal dimensi sumbangan tenaga, hal ini turut didukung dengan kondisi ekonomi yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat Nagari Situjuah Gadang.
HbA1c Reduction in Dulaglutide-Treated Patients Irrespective of Duration of Diabetes, Microvascular Disease, and BMI: A Post Hoc Analysis From the REWIND Trial
Authors: Kwan Anita Y.M. , Gerstein Hertzel C. , Basile Jan , Xavier Denis , Maldonado Juan M. , Raha Sohini , Konig Manige 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate participant characteristics and long-term changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients treated with dulaglutide 1.5 mg in a post hoc analysis of the Researching cardiovascular Events with a Weekly INcretin in Diabetes (REWIND) trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Change from baseline in HbA1c was assessed during and up to 72 months of treatment before and after adjustment for duration of diabetes, prior microvascular disease (nephropathy or retinopathy), and BMI. Slope analyses were used to assess the change in HbA1c during 0–12 months and 12–72 months of therapy.

RESULTS
HbA1c was significantly reduced in patients treated with dulaglutide compared with placebo during 72 months of treatment (least-squares mean difference = −0.61%, P &lt; 0.001), regardless of diabetes duration, prior microvascular disease, and BMI (all interaction P &gt; 0.07). Significant reductions were apparent at all time points and were independent of these baseline characteristics. Slope analyses revealed that the dulaglutide group experienced a higher rate of HbA1c reduction compared with the placebo group from 0 to 12 months before and after adjustment. The dulaglutide group also experienced a higher rate of HbA1c increase from 12 to 72 months compared with the placebo group that became nonsignificant after adjustment for diabetes duration, prior microvascular disease, and BMI combined. Despite the greater rate of HbA1c increase in the dulaglutide group during this period, mean HbA1c values remained below baseline in the dulaglutide group and below mean HbA1c values in the placebo group.

CONCLUSIONS
Dulaglutide 1.5-mg treatment was statistically associated with a long-lasting decrease in HbA1c over 72 months, irrespective of baseline duration of diabetes, microvascular disease, and BMI.
Financial Barriers in Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Grigorian Ernest G. , Litchman Michelle L. , Porter Margot E. , Blanchette Julia E. , Allen Nancy A. 
Published: January 2022

Background
Emerging adulthood is a period fraught with challenging life transitions for many and is especially difficult for individuals with type 1 diabetes, as they encounter more obstacles to independently managing their diabetes. We examined the barriers faced by emerging adults and parents of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes and the impact these barriers had on their lives.

Methods
Emerging adults and parents of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes were recruited from primary care and specialty clinics and via social media posts. In the parent study, semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand what supported and did not support diabetes self-management. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for common themes. This sub-analysis analyzed data related to financial challenges in accessing diabetes management equipment and supplies.

Results
This study included emerging adults with type 1 diabetes (n = 33; mean age 20 ± 2.9 years) and parents of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes (n = 17; mean age 47.5 ± 6.9 years). The majority of emerging adults used an insulin pump and continuous glucose monitoring system (n = 24 [73%]). Four main themes emerged related to access to care: 1) affordability of diabetes management tools, 2) managing insurance, 3) communication with pharmacies and health care providers, and 4) emotional consequences of financial stress.

Conclusion
The current health system is challenging for emerging adults with type 1 diabetes and parents and is causing substantial emotional and financial stress. Future research is needed to address interventions for helping emerging adults and their parents navigate the cost of living with diabetes.
Studi Kelayakan Dan Perancangan Serta Implementasi Turbin Pada Proyek PLTMH Di Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Tarmizi Achmad , Wardono Herry 
Published: January 2022

Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sleman akan membangun PLTMH dengan memanfaatkan potensi tenaga air di desa Girikerto yang merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada hasil studi kelayakan yang dilakukan penulis dengan melakukan studi lapangan untuk mengambil data-data dilokasi dengan memperhatikan aspek teknis, ekonomis dan sosial, kemudian dilakukan studi literatur dan analisis data untuk menentukan jenis turbin dan karakteristik yang paling tepat untuk PLTMH dilokasi tersebut. Dari hasil analisis data dan dengan melakukan perhitungan yang teliti serta dengan memperhatikan kondisi lokasi proyek PLTMH tersebut, turbin yang paling tepat untuk digunakan adalah turbin tipe Cross Flow. Turbin ini selain memiliki konstruksi yang sederhana, dapat pula didesain untuk kapasitas yang cukup besar dan lebih mudah dalam proses fabrikasi. Hasil lain yang diperoleh yaitu nilai perbandingan benefit dengan cost sebesar 0,79 (kurang dari 1). Hal ini berarti bahwa pembangunan PLTMH ini dinilai tidak ekonomis, tapi dengan daya yang mampu dihasilkan sebesar 10,58 kW tentunya akan mampu menerangi dan menyuplai listrik (manfaat yang sangat besar) bagi puluhan warga desa Girikerto.