bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcatheter Arterial Steroid Injection Therapy Improves the Prognosis of Patients with Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Kuwano Akifumi , Okui Tasuku , Kohjima Motoyuki , Kurokawa Miho , Goya Takeshi , Tanaka Masatake , Aoyagi Tomomi , Takahashi Motoi , Imoto Koji , Tashiro Shigeki , Suzuki Hideo , Fujita Nobuhiro , Ushijima Yasuhiro , Ishigami Kousei , Tokunaga Shoji , Kato Masaki , Ogawa Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAcute liver failure (ALF) is a disorder defined by coagulopathy and encephalopathy with a poor prognosis. No effective therapies have been established except for liver transplantation (LT). We previously reported a subgroup of patients with acute liver injury who developed microcirculatory disturbance leading to intrahepatic hypoxia. This subgroup can be identified by a low serum ALT/LDH ratio that reflects intrahepatic hypoxia. We also established and reported transcatheter arterial steroid injection therapy (TASIT) as a new treatment of ALF. Here, we analyze the effectiveness of TASIT in a larger cohort and evaluate the impact on ALF patients with or without microcirculatory disturbance.MethodsWe conducted a single-center retrospective study to evaluate the effectiveness of TASIT in patients with ALF admitted at Kyushu University Hospital between January 2005 and March 2018. TASIT is performed by injecting methylprednisolone via the proper hepatic artery over 1 h for 3 days. One hundred ninety-four patients with ALF were enrolled in this study. Using a serum ALT/LDH ratio of 1.5 as a cut-off value, we stratified patients with ALF into high-LDH and low-LDH subgroups. ResultsOf the 87 patients given TASIT, 71 (81.6%) recovered without any complications and 16 (18.4%) died or underwent LT. Of the 107 patients not administered TASIT, 77 (72.0%) recovered and 30 (28.0%) progressed to irreversible liver failure. In the high-LDH subgroup, 52 (86.7%) of the 60 patients with TASIT recovered, and the survival rate was significantly higher than that in patients who did not receive TASIT. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the TASIT procedure was one of the significant prognostic factors in the high-LDH subgroup and was significantly associated with PT% improvement.ConclusionsTASIT is an effective treatment for patients with ALF, especially in those with microcirculatory disturbance.
Epidemiological analysis of Lung cancer in Erbil province of Iraqi Kurdistan: Incidence, Survival, Relative Risk Ratio, and Treatment Regimes in males and females
Authors: Mawlood Kurdistan Ibrahim , Kadir Dler Hussein , Al-Murrani Waleed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study compares survival function, relative risk, incident rates and treatment regime between genders. A total of 590 cases of Lung Cancer admitted to Nanakali hospital, Erbil province of Iraqi Kurdistan, were collected for 5 years period between 1st January 2013 to 31st of December 2017. The follow-up of the cases continued till the 1st of April 2018 to complete the record. Chi-square, correlation, relative risks and basic exploratory data analysis were carried out. Simple linear regression was carries out for number of lung cancer among males and females. A multivariate Cox-regression model was used to determine the prognostic factors for lung cancer patients. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (r) for total cases of Lung cancer (Males and Females) was equal to (0.875 ± 0.033 with P= 0.044) and R-square (Precision) of 0.766. The Prediction Regression equation that Female Lung Cancer (F) = 11.79 + 0.6714 Age group. This means any age group can be selected to predict for expected incidence. The prediction equation is that Male Lung Cancer cases = - 2.857 + 0.7690 Age group. The Regression coefficient is + 0.769 per 10 years of age and it is highly significant (P=0001).The result of multivariable cox regression model indicates that gender had no influence on survival outcome (HR ~= 0.81, 95%CI: 0.56 to 1.16, p=0.0.247). However, taking surgery and immune system are statistically significant prognostic factors for lung cancer patients. The model indicated that the risk of mortality increases by 92% if lung cancer patients do not take surgery (HR ~= 1.92, 95%CI: 0.31 to 0.97, p=0.039). Furthermore, the risk of mortality is reduced by 44% among those patients who took immune system. The study concludes that female patients survive longer than males and median survival probability in female is greater than male lung cancer patients. Taking surgery and immune system are statistically significant prognostic factors for lung cancer patients.
The ubiquitination landscape of the Influenza A Virus polymerase
Authors: Günl Franziska , Krischuns Tim , Henschel Lea , Wahrenburg Marius , Drexler Hannes , Leidel Sebastian , Cojocaru Vlad , Seebohm Guiscard , Mellmann Alexander , Schwemmle Martin , Ludwig Stephan , Brunotte Linda 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
During influenza A virus (IAV) infections, viral proteins are targeted by cellular E3 ligases for modification with ubiquitin. Here, we decipher and functionally explore the ubiquitination landscape of the IAV polymerase during infection of human alveolar epithelial cells by applying mass spectrometry analysis of immuno-purified K-ε-GG (di-glycyl)-remnant-bearing peptides. We identified 59 modified lysines across all three subunits, PB2, PB1, PA, of the viral polymerase of which 17 distinctively affected mRNA transcription, vRNA replication and the generation of recombinant viruses via non-proteolytic mechanisms.
Moreover, further functional analysis revealed that ubiquitination at K578 in the PB1 thumb domain is mechanistically linked to the dynamic structural transitions of the viral polymerase that are required for vRNA replication. Mutations K578A and K578R impeded cRNA stabilization and vRNA synthesis, respectively, and affected NP binding as well as polymerase dimerization. Collectively, our results indicate that ubiquitin-mediated disruption of the charge-dependent interaction between PB1-K578 and PB2-E72 is required to coordinate polymerase dimerization and facilitate vRNA replication, which demonstrates that IAV exploits the cellular ubiquitin system to modulate the activity of the viral polymerase for the regulation of viral replication.
Selective hydroxylation of carbon surfaces for long-lasting hydrophilicity by a green chemistry process
Authors: Wilsey Madeleine , Watson Kendra , Fasusi Omolade , Yegela Brian , Cox Connor , Raffaele Patrick , Mueller Astrid 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We report the selective hydroxylation of carbon surfaces that rendered initially hydrophobic carbon fiber paper hydrophilic for more than five months. This long time of sustained hydrophilicity is unprecedented. Carbon fiber paper is an inexpensive, electrically conductive, high surface area material that is additionally nontoxic, biocompatible, robust, and scalable. But its hydrophobicity prevents widespread use in aqueous applications. Inhibition of overoxidation of carbon beyond hydroxylation is especially challenging because the first oxidation step is thermodynamically most difficult and subsequent oxidations are much easier. We achieved selectivity for less oxidized hydroxyls over carboxyls by an environmentally friendly, solution-processable, acid-free carbon surface functionalization treatment that is rapid, amenable to large scale applications, and did not damage carbon fibers and their network architectures. The development of this mild, green chemistry carbon surface treatment that provides selectivity for surface hydroxyls transforms the utility of carbon materials.
Multiplex PCR Detection of Five Common Respiratory Pathogens from Bronchoalveolar Lavages Using High Resolution Melting Curve Analysis
Authors: Ghorbani Jaber , Hashemi Farhad Bonakdar , Jabalameli Fereshteh , Emaneini Mohammad , Beigverdi Reza 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

The study describes the application of the Multiplex High Resolution Melting curve (MHRM) assay for the simultaneous detection of five common bacterial pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli) directly from bronchoalveolar lavage samples.
Results

Our MHRM assay successfully identified all five respiratory pathogens in less than 5 hours, with five separate melting curves with specific melt peak temperatures (Tm). The different Tm were characterized by peaks of 78.1±0.4°C for S. aureus, 83.3±0.1°C for A. baumannii, 86.7±0.2°C for E. coli, 90.5±0.1°C for K. pneumoniae, 94.5±0.2°C for P. aeruginosa. The overall sensitivity and specificity of HRM were 100% and 88.8%, respectively.
Conclusions

Our MHRM assay offers a simple and fast alternative to culture approach for simultaneous detection of five major bacterial Lower respiratory tract infection pathogens. Utilization of this assay can help clinicians initiate prompt and appropriate antimicrobial treatment, towards reducing the morbidity and mortality of severe respiratory infections.
A Highly Compact Fabry Perot Cavity-Based MIMOAntenna with Decorrelated Fields
Authors: Tahir Farooq Ahmad , Khan Muhammad Umar , Hussain Rifaqat , Illahi Muhammad Umair 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This work presents the design of a low profile Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity-based multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with low correlation coefficient. The fields of closely placed antenna elements are tilted by using a phase-gradient partially reflective surface (PRS), thereby decreasing the correlation coefficient. The PRS is designed in such a way that its reflection phase is complementary to that of the ground plane. The PRS decorrelates the fields of the two radiating elements when placed at a height of λ/10 above them resulting in a reduction of the correlation coefficient by almost 95% for an isotropic environment. This height is considerably less than λ/4, which has been reported previously.
Effect of Oral Health Promotion Interventions On Pregnant Women Dental Caries: A Field Trial
Authors: Deghatipour Marzie , Ghorbani Zahra , Mokhlesi Amir Hossein , Ghanbari Shahla , Namdari Mahshid 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Dental caries is a costly and very common disease, especially in pregnant women. Reasons such as not paying attention to oral health, poor diet and also lack of adequate education in this regard cause this to happen. Performing well-designed educational interventions using primary health system's forces, can improve oral health of pregnant women and help control this disease. We conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness of some oral health interventions on pregnant women dental caries.Methods: A field trial study was done in comprehensive Health Centers in Varamin, Tehran, Iran to assess 439 mothers’ dental health status from pregnancy up to 2 years after delivery in intervention (n = 239) and control groups (n = 200). Mothers in intervention groups received oral health-related education consisted of nutritional and behavioral messages via either of four methods: A: comprehensive method including all following methods together (n = 74), B: group discussion by dentists (n = 59), C: face to face education by primary health care providers (n = 53), and D: social network applications (n = 53); while those in control group only received routine maternal and oral health care. We used a questionnaire to collect mothers’ demographic, socioeconomic and dental care behavior data and also performed oral examinations to assess their DMFT at baseline and 24 months after delivery to evaluate the effectiveness of these educational oral health interventions.Results: From 454 mothers participated the examination session, 18 pregnant women discontinued during the follow-ups and 439 were remained with mean age of 27.47. In the intervention group, the frequency of daily brushing among women increased from 64% at baseline to 85.6% at the last follow-up and the mean D significantly decreased nearly 1unit at same period (P <0.05). Most and least dental caries changes were in comprehensive intervention group and social network intervention group compared to other intervention groups, respectively.Conclusions: Performing educational interventions during and after pregnancy using various message delivery methods and messengers (oral health professionals and trained PHCPs), could improve oral health status and behaviors of pregnant and lactating mothers in a feasible and applicable manner.
Efficacy and safety of ivermectin in the treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infection: A randomized, double blind, placebo, controlled trial
Authors: Manomaipiboon Anan , Pholtawornkulchai Kitisak , Pupipatpab Sujaree , Suraamornkul Swangjit , Maneerit Jakravoot , Ruksakul Wiroj , Phumisantiphong Uraporn , Trakarnvanich Thananda 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The emergent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emphasized the requirement for therapeutic opportunities to overcome this pandemic. Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug that has shown to be effective against various agents, including SARS-CoV-2, and is under extensive research in clinical trials. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among adult hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, 72 patients (mean age 48.57 ± 14.80 years) were randomly assigned to either the ivermectin (n=36) or placebo (n=36) group, along with receiving standard care. The primary outcomes were a negative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result at day 7 and 14 of enrolment. The secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalization, frequency of clinical worsening, survival on day 28, and adverse events. At day 7 and 14, a negative RT-PCR result was not significantly different between the two groups. The other secondary outcomes were reported to be comparable. However, the time to resolution of many symptoms were shorter in the ivermectin group, albeit not significantly. No adverse events were reported. In conclusion, early symptomatic recovery was observed with no side effects after treatment with ivermectin and standard care in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients.
Unexpected occurrence of Aeromonas species in the cutaneous mucus of Barbour's seahorses (Hippocampus barbouri)
Authors: Ortega Rose Chinly Mae Huerte , Tabugo Sharon Rose , Martinez Joey Genevieve , Balcázar José 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Because the skin microbiota is valuable for elucidating health status and common disorders in the host, this study aimed to describe the bacterial community composition of the skin of Barbour’s seahorse ( Hippocampus barbouri ) using high-throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA genes. Water and sediment samples from the surrounding environment were also analyzed for comparative purposes. The results revealed the presence of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) affiliated to the Aeromonas genus in the skin, whose abundance was slightly similar to the sediment samples. Given that some Aeromonas species are known to be important pathogens in humans and fish, these results may provide information to show the dependency of the skin microbial composition on the environment, as well as determine whether the presence of Aeromonas species has implications on seahorse health.
Small Heterocyclic Molecules as Anticancer Agents: Design, Syntheses and Evaluation Against MCF-7 Cell Lines
Authors: Varshney Roshni , Kumar Vimlesh , Fatima Gul Naz , Saraf Shailendra K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Isatin and substituted isatin derivatives possess a broad spectrum of biological activities. These moieties also have a wide scope for substitution, particularly at positions N-1 and C-3. Therefore, the study focused at synthesizing some novel isatin/substituted isatin Schiff’s bases and screening them for anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 cell lines. All the compounds were synthesized by conventional methods in a two-step synthesis. Mannich bases of isatin were synthesized by reacting secondary amines and 37% formalin, which were then reacted with primary aromatic amines in the presence of glacial acetic acid to yield the title compounds. All the compounds were characterized by physical, chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The synthesized analogues showed good activity against MCF-7 cell lines when compared to the standard drug, Doxorubicin. At a concentration of 10µg/ml, the analogues IDF 3B, IDF 3G, IDF 3H and IDF 3I showed percentage cell viability of 35.46227 ± 12.92, 34.37412 ± 5.39, 35.81035 ± 5.25, 36.19748 ± 3.27 respectively compared to percentage cell viability of 22.36828 ± 2.35 for the standard. The obtained data indicated that the analogues were effective against breast cancer, and therefore the isatin moiety could serve as the lead to the development of new anti-breast cancer agents.
Molecular dynamics analysis of amorphous ice transformations: elastic properties and nucleation
Authors: Garkul Anastasiia , Stegailov Vladimir 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Unlike conventional first-order phase transitions, the kinetics of amorphous-amorphous transitions has been much less studied. The ultrasonic experiments on the transformations between low-density and high-density amorphous ice induced by pressure or heating provided the pressure and temperature dependencies of elastic moduli. In this article, we make an attempt to build a microscopic picture of these experimentally studied transformations using the molecular dynamics method with the TIP4P/Ice water model. We study carefully the dependence of the results of elastic constants calculations on the shear and compression rates. The system size effects are considered as well. The comparison with the experimental data enriches our understanding of the transitions observed. Our modelling gives new information on the nucleation mechanisms during transformations between low-density and high-density amorphous ices and, thus, helps answering the question about first-order nature of this transition.
Disease Burden of and Risk Factors for Stroke in Yunnan Province of Southwest China, from 1990 to 2017
Authors: Liu Lu , Yang Yixing , zhao Yuan , Zhang Tai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
There is an overall decreasing trend in stroke incidence and an increasing trend in its prevalence. Disease burden of stroke continues to increase with an increase in the absolute number. In-depth analysis of stroke burden trends in remote areas is extremely important. Our aim was to describe the disease burden of and risk factors for stroke in Yunnan, from 1990 to 2017.
Methods
The methodological framework and analytical strategies adopted in the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study were used.
Results
Age-standardized mortality associated with stroke decreased from 153.4% per 100,000 in 1990 to 113.8% per 100,000 in 2017. The prevalence of stroke in Yunnan province increased from 344 per 100,000 in 1990 to 870 per 100,000 in 2017, especially after 2010. The age-standardized rates of Years of life lost (YLLs), Years lived with Disability(YLDs), and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) decreased more significantly for women than for men. The age-standardized rates of DALYs and YLLs of stroke decreased by 24.3% and 28.4%, respectively, from 1990 to 2017, and the rate of YLDs increased by 32.5%. The top three risk factors for stroke were dietary risks, high systolic blood pressure, and tobacco consumption, and their percentage contributions to the DALYs were 67.5% (95% Uncertainty Interval (UI): 60.7–73.4%), 51.5% (95% UI: 43.3–59.0%), and 29.1% (95% UI: 25.4–32.7%), respectively.
Conclusions
Disease burden of stroke was similar to that in developing countries and most risk factors associated with stroke were modifiable. Health institutions need to pay more attention to the education and public awareness among rural residents of Yunnan and allocate medical resources rationally.
Esophageal Varices: retrospective analysis of cases in Damascus Hospital and a review of the literature.
Authors: Kubtan Assem , dbiss Fahd 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:

Esophageal varices are abnormal, enlarged veins in the tube that connects the throat and stomach (esophagus). This condition occurs most often in people with serious liver diseases. Hepatitis, alcohol, and obesity are well documented risk factors for esophageal varices. Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) monotherapy is the standard therapy for managing esophageal variceal hemorrhage. This study aims to evaluate esophageal varices risk factors and the used methods in treating esophageal varices in Syria.
Methods:

102 cases at Damascus Hospital were retrospectivly in this study. The averages of the comparative independent groups were compared using parametric tests (T-Test Independent Samples, One way ANOVA) with the test for homogeneity to compare group variance and dimensional comparisons using LSD and Games-Howell
Results:

102 patient were included in the study, of them 66 (65.3%) were males and 35 (34.7%) were females and 52 (51.5%) were smokers. Most of patient had complained from cirrhosis 46 (45.1%), hemorrhagic vomiting 30 (29.4%), and dark stools 18 (17.6%). Esophageal varices were diagnosed by endoscopy 81 (79.4%), and clinical examination 21 (20.6%). Bleeding esophageal varices were treated using endoscopic ligation 38 (80.9%), and injection histoacryl sclerotherapy 9 (19.1%). The most common cause of cirrhosis was significantly viral hepatitis B (p .(0.05>Esophageal varices degrees were significantly associated with smokers, diagnostic endoscopy, and endoscopic ligation (p .(0.05>
Conclusion:

More details have been identified regarding symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of esophageal varices in Syria. That leads to conduct better healthcare programs and stress the importance of regular health checkups. Furthermore, esophageal varices it was shown that had higher incidence rates among viral hepatitis B patients. Additional studies are required to determine management and to get better insight on the treatment
Production of Biopolymer Precursors Beta-Alanine And L-Lactic Acid From CO2 With Metabolically Versatile Rhodococcus Opacus DSM 43205
Authors: Salusjärvi Laura , Ojala Leo , Peddinti Gopal , Lienemann Michael , Jouhten Paula , Pitkänen Juha-Pekka , Toivari Mervi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Hydrogen-oxidizing autotrophic bacteria are promising hosts for conversion of CO2 into chemicals. In this work, we engineered the metabolically versatile lithoautotrophic bacterium Rhodococcus opacus strain DSM 43205 for synthesis of polymer precursors. Either, a gene encoding aspartate decarboxylase (panD) or lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) were expressed for autotrophic and heterotrophic beta-alanine or L-lactic acid production, respectively.Results: Heterotrophic cultivations on glucose yielded 25 mg L-1 beta-alanine and 742 mg L-1 L-lactic acid, while under autotrophic cultivation conditions with the gaseous substrates CO2, H2 and O2, beta-alanine and L-lactic acid concentrations were 1.8 mg L-1 and 146 mg L-1, respectively. In electrobioreactors, where H2 and O2 were produced in situ by water electrolysis, a beta-alanine titer of 345 µg L-1 was reached from CO2.Conclusions: We demonstrate successful production of beta-alanine and L-lactic acid from CO2. This work demonstrates that R. opacus DSM 43205 can be readily engineered for the autotrophic production of chemicals and provides a basis for further metabolic engineering of its autotrophic metabolism to increase productivity and yield.