bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The host transcriptional response to superinfection by influenza virus and streptococcus pneumonia
Authors: Cohn Ofir , Yankovitz Gal , Mandelboim Michal , Peshes-Yaloz Naama , Bacharach Eran , Gat-Viks Irit 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSecondary bacterial challenges during influenza virus infection (‘superinfection’) cause excessive mortality and hospitalization. Here we present a longitudinal study of gene-expression changes in murine lungs during superinfection, with an initial influenza A virus (IAV) infection and a subsequent Streptococcus pneumonia (SP) infection. In addition to the well-characterized impairment of the innate immune response, we identified superinfection-specific alterations in endothelial-related genes, including a previously uncharacterized rapid downregulation of particular angiogenic and vascular markers. Superinfection-specific alterations were also evident in the analysis of cellular states related to the host’s immune resistance against pathogens. We found that superinfected mice manifested an excessive rapid induction of immune resistance starting only a few hours after the secondary bacterial challenge. In addition, there was a substantial rewiring of the resistance program: interferon-regulated genes were switched from positive to negative correlations with resistance, whereas genes of fatty-acid metabolism were switched from negative to positive correlations with resistance. Thus, the transcriptional resistance state in superinfection is reprogrammed toward repressed interferon signaling and induced fatty acid metabolism. Our findings suggest new insights into the remodeling of the host defense upon superinfection, providing promising targets for future therapeutic interventions.
Transcriptional activation of Jun and Fos members of the AP-1 complex is a conserved signature of immune aging that contributes to inflammaging
Authors: Karakaslar Emin Onur , Katiyar Neerja , Hasham Muneer , Youn Ahrim , Sharma Siddhartha , Chung Cheng-han , Marches Radu , Korstanje Ron , Banchereau Jacques , Ucar Duygu 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTDiverse mouse strains have different health and life spans, mimicking the diversity among humans. To capture conserved aging signatures, we studied long-lived C57BL/6J and short-lived NZO/HILtJ mouse strains by profiling transcriptomes and epigenomes of immune cells from peripheral blood and the spleen from young and old mice. Transcriptional activation of the AP-1 transcription factor complex, particularly Fos, Junb, and Jun genes, was the most significant and conserved aging signature across tissues and strains. ATAC-seq data analyses showed that the chromatin around these genes was more accessible with age and there were significantly more binding sites for these TFs with age across all studied tissues, targeting pro-inflammatory molecules including Il6. Age-related increases in binding sites of Jun/Fos factors were also conserved in human peripheral blood ATAC-seq data. Single-cell RNA-seq data from the mouse aging cell atlas Tabula Muris Senis showed that the expression of these genes increased with age in B, T, NK cells, and macrophages, with macrophages from old mice expressing these molecules more abundantly than other cells. Functional data showed that upon myeloid cell activation via poly(I:C), the levels of c-JUN protein and its binding activity increased more significantly in spleen cells from old mice compared to cells from young mice. In addition, upon activation, old cells produced more IL6 compared to young cells. In sum, we showed that the aging-related transcriptional activation of Jun/Fos members of the AP-1 complex is conserved across immune tissues and long- and short-living mouse strains, possibly contributing to increased inflammation with age.
The economic-administrative role of geographic information systems in rural tourism and exhaustive local community development in African marginalized communities
Authors: Ramaano Azwindini Isaac 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the latent part of geographic information systems in inclusive sustainable rural tourism, community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) and community development and empowerment in Southern Africa, Africa generally and many rural areas elsewhere worldwide.Design/methodology/approachThe viewpoint utilizes literature and document reviews to assess African and worldwide agricultural, environmental and tourism resources management scenarios. It thus liaises with CBNRM and geographic information systems in sustainable tourism and local community development applications.FindingsThis review viewpoint uncovers a better potential synergetic relationship between tourism and rural (agricultural) activities that geographic information systems along a concept of CBNRM can amplify. Hence, it has poised a need for a decent and integrated tourism strategy to develop and empower the pertinent communities in many rural and marginalized areas within the continent.Originality/valueMany rural communities in Southern Africa and Africa broadly dwell in low-income areas. Such milieus are rich in natural biodiversity, including tourism destination areas. Geographic information systems, sustainable tourism and CBNRM can form a gestalt of local community development projects within their environs.
The effect of rheumatoid arthritis on upper extremity functions: A kinematic perspective
Authors: Gur Kabul Elif , Unver Fatma , Alptekin Ahmet , Korkmaz Halil , Calık Bilge Basakcı , Taşçı Murat , Çobankara Veli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimTo examine the global upper extremity kinematics in 3D while performing “jar opening motion” in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and to compare these with healthy individuals.MethodTwenty‐four women (12 healthy, 12 RA) were included. Evaluations were made with a JAMAR dynamometer, Health Assessment Questionnaire, and 3D kinematic analysis of global upper extremity during “jar opening motion.” The time taken during “jar opening motion” was analyzed in 2 parts (Part 1, Part 2), with total time: part 1 + part 2. In addition, shoulder‐to‐table distance; elbow flexion angle; wrist extension angle; the area scanned and angular rotation by arm, forearm and hand were used in the analysis.ResultsBetween groups, there was a statistical difference in: bilateral hand grip strength; part 1, part 2, total time; shoulder‐to‐table distance; elbow flexion angle; the area scanned by hand; angular rotation of arm and hand in favor of the healthy group (P < .05). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, the most predictive variable for disability was elbow flexion, explaining 53.9% of disability.ConclusionCompared to healthy individuals, individuals with RA have slower motion, more elbow flexion, less hand grip strength, circular pattern in hand, rotation in arm and hand. Increased disability may result in greater load on elbow flexion.
Psilocybin and the Meaning Response: Exploring the Healing Process in a Retreat Setting in Jamaica
Authors: Orozco Maria , Harris Shana 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTIn the past decade, the consumption of psilocybin mushrooms has become a popular therapeutic tool for people looking to deal with mental and emotional health issues. The emerging interest in psilocybin therapy in the global north has led to the development of retreat centers in locations where psilocybin is legal or unregulated. Drawing on ethnographic research at a psilocybin retreat center in Jamaica, this article examines the emotional and somatic reactions attributed to psilocybin that influence the social interactions and the mental and emotional state of the guests at this retreat center. We argue that guests go through a symbolic healing process that involves the construction of a meaning response based on internal and collective experiences of altered consciousness via psilocybin. Additionally, we emphasize how both attending the retreat and the psychedelic experience there can be considered a liminal state that leads to different modes of relation while in Jamaica.
An overview of three‐dimensional imaging devices in dentistry
Authors: Hou Xingyu , Xu Xiaotong , Zhao Menghua , Kong Jiawen , Wang Mingchang , Lee Eui‐Seok , Jia Qi , Jiang Heng Bo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo review four types of three‐dimensional imaging devices: intraoral scanners, extraoral scanners, cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT), and facial scanners, in terms of their development, technologies, advantages, disadvantages, accuracy, influencing factors, and applications in dentistry.MethodsPubMed (National Library of Medicine) and Google Scholar databases were searched. Additionally, the scanner manufacturers' websites were accessed to obtain relevant data. Four authors independently selected the articles, books, and websites. To exclude duplicates and scrutinize the data, they were uploaded to Mendeley Data. In total, 135 articles, two books, and 17 websites were included.ResultsResearch and clinical practice have shown that oral and facial scanners and CBCT can be used widely in various areas of dentistry with high accuracy.ConclusionAlthough further advancement of these devices is desirable, there is no doubt that digital technology represents the future of dentistry. Furthermore, the combined use of different devices may bring dentistry into a new era. These four devices will play a significant role in clinical utility with high accuracy. The combined use of these devices should be explored further.Clinical significanceThe four devices will play a significant role in clinical use with high accuracy. The combined use of these devices should be explored further.
A meta‐analytic review of attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities as measured by the ASQ‐ID and related variables: Is context the key?
Authors: Correa A. B. , Moreno J. D. , Castro A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe attitudes of others towards the sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities are one of the main perceived barriers to them expressing their sexuality. Research on what influences these attitudes yields heterogeneous results.MethodA systematic review of the literature and a meta‐analysis were carried out.ResultsEleven studies using the Attitudes to Sexuality Questionnaire—Individuals with an Intellectual Disability (ASQ‐ID) were included. Within the included studies, the country's socio‐economic development and level of individualism were associated with attitudes towards the sexual rights, parenting and self‐control of adults with intellectual disabilities. General population and staff samples held more favourable attitudes than family samples in terms of sexual rights and parenting. Age and gender did not yield significant results.ConclusionsVariables related to country context may underlie the differences observed between countries and therefore influence the population's general thinking and ideologies. Unexpectedly, no age differences were observed. Gender‐related results may reflect rapprochement between genders in sexuality. These findings are relevant for researchers and practitioners, as they suggest the importance of considering contextual factors when developing effective interventions that aim to support adults with disabilities to live their sexuality.
Pushing or clicking the grocery cart? Health and economic concerns during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Xu Yilan , Heo Wookjae , Kiss Diane Elizabeth , Cho Soo Hyun , Gutter Michael S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOnline Grocery Shopping (OGS) has grown dramatically during the COVID‐19 pandemic. It is unknown, however, how consumers weighed pandemic situational factors versus household production considerations of timesaving and cost. We collect and analyze survey data from a nationally representative sample to examine how consumers with different health and socio‐demographic profiles consider these factors for OGS choices and how their choices changed in the first seven months of the pandemic. We find that consumers with moderate‐to‐high income, white, having insurance, and not in the labor force value the timesaving and convenience of OGS more than pandemic situational factors. Still, some consumers with health risks choose to shop in person because of the cost of OGS. Lung disease, diabetes, mental health conditions, age, income, and college degree explain the dynamics of OGS choice as the pandemic evolved. Our findings shed light on the development of technology‐assisted adaptation to future public health emergencies.
Development and application of a questionnaire to evaluate signs of temporomandibular disorder observed by caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Araújo Sarmento Juliana , Valadas Lidia Audrey Rocha , Sousa Jayra Adrianna da Silva , Gualberto Adriano Venicius Santana , Rodrigues Luciane Lacerda Franco Rocha , Guimarães Antônio Sérgio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to detect signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), verifying whether the perception of signs observed by caregivers of non‐verbal autistic children are the same as those observed by caregivers of verbal ones.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional, exploratory and analytical study. The sample consisted of forty individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), thirty non‐verbal and ten verbal, besides their respective caregivers. For this, an experimental questionnaire was applied and compared to the European Academy of Orofacial Pain (EAOP) questionnaire, which is already validated and widely used throughout the world. All responses were compared using the chi‐square test and the questionnaires were compared with the McNemar test, considering p < .05.ResultsWhen comparing the number of coincident responses to the questionnaire between caregivers and children, the mean was 8.2 ± 1.61 responses. After performing the binomial test, no statistically significant discrepancy was found between the results of the two tests adopted when the questionnaires were compared (Mc Nemar test, p > .05)ConclusionThe development of this questionnaire and its validation serve as a support for health professionals in the TMD area, for the detection of TMD in non‐verbal autistic children, providing them and their caregivers, who are faced with several difficulties in their day‐by‐day, a facilitating instrument.
Brachioradialis to Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Transfer – An Additional Transfer to Prevent Radial Deviation Deformity of the Wrist following Tendon Transfers for Posterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy
Authors: BHARDWAJ Praveen , VARADHARAJAN Vigneswaran , VENKATRAMANI Hari , SABAPATHY S. Raja 
Published: August 2022

The usual recommendation in posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) palsy is to use the flexor carpi radialis instead of the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) for restoration of digital extension. The use of FCU takes away the only remaining ulnar deviator of the wrist. Although preserving the FCU prevents severe radial deviation deformity, we found that some patients still develop a radial deviation deformity, especially during wrist extension. We have used a brachioradialis (BR) to extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) transfer to prevent the development of a radial deviation deformity and find that it restores the normal radio-ulnar balance of the wrist by providing a dynamic ulnar stabiliser. It is a simple addition to the standard two tendon transfers for PIN palsy with minimal donor morbidity. We have used this triple transfer for PIN palsy in seven patients with satisfactory results and no complications.Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Laurin–Sandrow Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: SATHISHKUMAR Kanagasabai , ANAND Sunil 
Published: August 2022

Laurin–Sandrow syndrome (LSS) is an extremely rare syndrome of mirror hand and leg with less than 20 cases reported in literature. The syndrome has been attributed to a mutation in the MIPOL-1 (mirror-image polydactyly) gene located on locus 14q13.3-q21 coding for CCDC193 (coiled-coli domain containing 193) protein. It is characterised by limb, facial and central nervous system anomalies with the most constant being fibular dimelia with fibular ray duplication, polydactyly with secondary deformities of fixed equinus, knee joint instability and flexion deformity. It is associated less frequently with ulnar dimelia, thumb aplasia/hypoplasia, ulnar ray duplication, symbrachypolydactyly, ‘rosette’ hands, facial dysmorphism like hypertelorism, broad columella and flat nose, CNS anomalies like aplasia/hypoplasia of corpus callosum, hydrocephalus and muscular dystonia. We report a 2-year-old male child with LSS and perform a literature review to expound on this rare syndrome. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
WISC-IV and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test Indicators of Specific Learning Disorder and Discrepant Academic Achievement
Authors: R Malini , Thomas Immanuel 
Published: August 2022

Though several studies have been undertaken to explore the correlates of academic achievement, there is a dearth of studies relating to the cognitive profiles of children who show marked discrepancies between their cognitive potential and actual academic achievement. The present study was undertaken in this context. The study was conducted on a sample of 308 students in the age range of 12–16 years, drawn from different schools in Kerala, India. The participants belonged to four groups, that is, Underachievers, Normal achievers, Overachievers, and those with Specific Learning Disorders (SLD). WISC-IV India and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) were used for assessing cognitive functions. Results indicated that the SLD group could be discriminated from the other three groups in terms of Digit span, Letter-Number sequencing, Working Memory Index, and Processing Speed Index. Further, a retention score obtained from RAVLT could discriminate between the SLD and UA groups. Discriminant analysis of the variables resulted in the extraction of two significant functions composed of three variables of WISC and two variables of RAVLT. The results indicated that the different groups of scholastically backward children, though similar in their overall IQ, had distinct and characteristic cognitive profiles.
Posterior Instrumented Spinal Surgery Outcomes in the Elderly: A Comparison of the 5-Item and 11-Item Modified Frailty Indices
Authors: Kweh Barry T. S. , Lee Hui Qing , Tan Terence , Liew Susan , Hunn Martin , Wee Tee Jin 
Published: August 2022

Study Design Retrospective Cohort Objectives To validate the most concise risk stratification system to date, the 5-item modified frailty index (mFI-5), and compare its effectiveness with the established 11-item modified frailty index (mFI-11) in the elderly population undergoing posterior instrumented spine surgery. Methods A single centre retrospective review of posterior instrumented spine surgeries in patients aged 65 years and older was conducted. The primary outcome was rate of post-operative major complications (Clavien-Dindo Classification ≥ 4). Secondary outcome measures included rate of all complications, 6-month mortality and surgical site infection. Multi-variate analysis was performed and adjusted receiver operating characteristic curves were generated and compared by DeLong’s test. The indices were correlated with Spearman’s rho. Results 272 cases were identified. The risk of major complications was independently associated with both the mFI-5 (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.01-3.55, P = .047) and mFI-11 (OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.90-7.30, P = .000). Both the mFI-5 and mFI-11 were statistically significant predictors of risk of all complications ( P = .007 and P = .003), surgical site infection ( P = .011 and P = .003) and 6-month mortality ( P = .031 and P = .000). Adjusted ROC curves determined statistically similar c-statistics for major complications (.68 vs .68, P = .64), all complications (.66 vs .64, P = .10), surgical site infection (.75 vs .75, P = .76) and 6-month mortality (.83 vs .81, P = .21). The 2 indices correlated very well with a Spearman’s rho of .944. Conclusions The mFI-5 and mFI-11 are equally effective predictors of postoperative morbidity and mortality in this population. The brevity of the mFI-5 is advantageous in facilitating its daily clinical use.
Expression of T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Nakazawa Tadao , Nagasaka Takuya , Yoshida Keita , Hasegawa Atsuko , Guo Feng , Wu Di , Hiroshima Kenzo , Katoh Ryohei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint proteins have not been fully examined in follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive carcinomas. Even multimodal treatment does not result in favorable clinical outcomes for patients with ATC. Anti-tumor immunity has therefore been highlighted as having therapeutic promise for ATC.

Methods
We examined a novel immune checkpoint receptor, T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT), in variable thyroid lesions: adenomatous goiter, follicular adenoma, and thyroid carcinoma (TC) using immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results
Our IHC results showed that TIGIT expression was detected in cancer cells of MTC and high-grade TC: poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and ATC. Neoplastic cells were positive for TIGIT in four of five MTCs (80.0%), 17 of 31 ATCs (54.8%) and in 3 of 12 PDTCs (25.0%). TIGIT was not detected in any adenomatous goiters, thyroid benign tumors, or differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTCs). Intriguingly, ATC cells showing pleomorphic/giant cell features were positive for TIGIT, while ATC cells with other cell morphologies lacked the immunoreactivity. Intra-tumoral immune cell was inclined to be enriched in TIGI-positive ATC. Although coexisting papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) components demonstrated high-grade microscopic features, neither the PTC nor follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) components expressed TIGT in any composite ATCs.

Conclusion
TIGIT was immunohistochemically found in MTC with high frequency and partially in high-grade TC. TIGIT expression in cancer cells may be beneficial for a potential utility in MTC and a subset of high-grade TC, especially ATC therapy.