bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding mediated web-building plasticity in a cobweb spider
Authors: Zhang Haixin , Li Gang , Li Changchun , Chen Jian , Zhao Zeyu , Zhang Shichang , Liu Jie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Behavioral plasticity has been proposed as a means by which animals alter their phenotypes in response to changing conditions. Animals may display behavioral plasticity as a consequence of environmental variation. The detritus-based, bell-shaped cobweb spider Campanicola campanulata is an ideal model to study behavioral plasticity, because its web architecture is easy to be quantified, and the functions of different parts of the web are clear. Though the plasticity of cobweb architecture has been reported in a few species, retreats as important defensive structures have rarely been considered before because retreats in most cobwebs are relatively small compared with the web size. We studied the web-building behaviors of C. campanulata under different feeding regimes. We set up 3 spider treatments with different feeding conditions: marginally well fed, moderately well fed, and extremely well fed, and observed the differences in the web architecture among them. In addition, we measured the mechanical properties of anchor silk, and also calculated the foraging and defense investment of the spiders. The results showed that marginally well-fed spiders build cobwebs with significantly longer length of anchor silk, lower retreat to the ground, more number and longer gumfooted lines, and larger capture area, while extremely well-fed spiders build cobwebs with significantly bigger retreat volume and higher height of retreat to the ground. In addition, marginally well-fed spiders invest significantly less during cobweb construction. However, there was no significant difference between the breaking force and elongation at break in anchor silk among different treatments. These results demonstrated that marginally well-fed spiders invest more in foraging, and extremely well-fed spiders invest more in defense, and the spider made a balance between foraging and predator avoidance in response to changes in physiological state. Our study strengthens the current understanding of web construction in cobweb spiders, especially those facing high costs during retreat construction.
Values of spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy in well-differentiated non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a comparative study
Authors: Huang Xi-Tai , Xie Jin-Zhao , Cai Jian-Peng , Fang Peng , Huang Chen-Song , Chen Wei , Liang Li-Jian , Yin Xiao-Yu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The feasibility of spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) to treat well-differentiated non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-pNETs) located at the body and/or tail of the pancreas remains controversial. Distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS) has been widely applied in the treatment of NF-pNETs; however, it may increase the post-operative morbidities. This study aimed to evaluate whether SPDP is inferior to DPS in post-operative outcomes and survivals when being used to treat patients with NF-pNETs in our institute.

Methods
Clinicopathological features of patients with NF-pNETs who underwent curative SPDP or DPS at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China) between January 2010 and January 2022 were collected. Short-term outcomes and 5-year survivals were compared between patients undergoing SPDP and those undergoing DPS.

Results
Sixty-three patients (SPDP, 27; DPS, 36) with well-differentiated NF-pNETs were enrolled. All patients had grade 1/2 tumors. After identifying patients with T1–T2 NF-pNETs (SPDP, 27; DPS, 15), there was no disparity between the SPDP and DPS groups except for tumor size (median, 1.4 vs 2.6 cm, P = 0.001). There were no differences in operation time (median, 250 vs 295 min, P = 0.478), intraoperative blood loss (median, 50 vs 100 mL, P = 0.145), post-operative major complications (3.7% vs 13.3%, P = 0.287), clinically relevant post-operative pancreatic fistula (22.2% vs 6.7%, P = 0.390), or post-operative hospital stays (median, 9 vs 9 days, P = 0.750) between the SPDP and DPS groups. Kaplan–Meier curve showed no significant differences in the 5-year overall survival rate (100% vs 100%, log-rank P &gt; 0.999) or recurrence-free survival (100% vs 100%, log-rank P &gt; 0.999) between patients with T1–T2 NF-pNETs undergoing SPDP and those undergoing DPS.

Conclusions
In patients with T1–T2 well-differentiated NF-pNETs, SPDP could achieve comparable post-operative outcomes and prognosis compared with DPS.
Using health policy and systems research to influence national health policies: lessons from Mexico, Cambodia and Ghana
Authors: Strachan Daniel Llywelyn , Teague Kirsty , Asefa Anteneh , Annear Peter Leslie , Ghaffar Abdul , Shroff Zubin Cyrus , McPake Barbara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHealth system reforms across Africa, Asia and Latin America in recent decades demonstrate the value of health policy and systems research (HPSR) in moving towards the goals of universal health coverage in different circumstances and by various means. The role of evidence in policy making is widely accepted; less well understood is the influence of the concrete conditions under which HPSR is carried out within the national context and which often determine policy outcomes. We investigated the varied experiences of HPSR in Mexico, Cambodia and Ghana (each selected purposively as a strong example reflecting important lessons under varying conditions) to illustrate the ways in which HPSR is used to influence health policy. We reviewed the academic and grey literature and policy documents, constructed three country case studies and interviewed two leading experts from each of Mexico and Cambodia and three from Ghana (using semi-structured interviews, anonymized to ensure objectivity). For the design of the study, design of the semi-structured topic guide and the analysis of results, we used a modified version of the context-based analytical framework developed by Dobrow et al. (Evidence-based health policy: context and utilisation. Social Science & Medicine 2004;58:207–17). The results demonstrate that HPSR plays a varied but essential role in effective health policy making and that the use, implementation and outcomes of research and research-based evidence occurs inevitably within a national context that is characterized by political circumstances, the infrastructure and capacity for research and the longer-term experience with HPSR processes. This analysis of national experiences demonstrates that embedding HPSR in the policy process is both possible and productive under varying economic and political circumstances. Supporting research structures with social development legislation, establishing relationships based on trust between researchers and policy makers and building a strong domestic capacity for health systems research all demonstrate means by which the value of HPSR can be materialized in strengthening health systems.
Taking global administrative law one step ahead: Online giants and the digital democratic sphere
Authors: Fischman-Afori Orit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Societal speech activities are increasingly conducted online, and therefore free speech concerns focus on the digital sphere. Major online service platforms operate speech-moderation practices that constrain digital speech. These platforms are run by a few multinational corporations—the so-called online giants. Online giants, in fact, control the backbone of democracies on a global scale. This article stresses a potential legal path to appropriately regulating digital speech, while preserving the free and thriving global digital culture. The argument introduced here is that the online giants should, to a certain extent, emulate global organizations, and since they control an essential public utility, they should operate under basic administrative legal norms that include accountability, transparency, giving reason, and objective review. To this end, the article inspects the global administrative law movement and proposes to extend its overarching conceptualization of global public procedural principles facilitating “good governance” to the online giants’ procedures, despite their private ownership.
Virtual Reality as an Adjunctive Non-pharmacological Therapy to Reduce Pain in School-Aged Children With Burn Wounds
Authors: Wang Qiongfang , Xu Shun , Guo Bing , Xu Yan , Lu Weixin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the effectiveness of virtual reality in reducing pain in school-aged children undergoing burn wound care. From June 2020 to September 2021, 34 cases of burned children treated in the burn clinic of a hospital were selected. A before- and after-study design was utilized to observe the first and second wound dressing changes of the same patients. The two dressing changes were randomly selected for the VR plan and the Non-VR plan. In VR Plan, patients played virtual reality games using a headset and gamepad to distract from their pain. To determine the effectiveness of VR, the children’s pain score, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and adverse reactions such as dizziness and nausea were recorded ten minutes before wound dressing change, during wound dressing change and ten minutes after the bandages was on. The Wong-Baker and FLACC scores of the patients in the VR group were (5.79 ± 1.84) and (4.91 ± 2.08), respectively, whereas the scores of the patients in the non-VR group were (5.47 ± 1.99) and (4.91 ± 2.25), respectively, 10 minutes before wound dressing changes. During wound dressing changes, the Wong-Baker and FLACC scores of patients in the VR group were (3.78 ± 1.49) and (2.73 ± 1.38), respectively, whereas the scores of patients in the non-VR group were (5.58 ± 2.48) and (4.97 ± 2.39), respectively. After wound dressing changes, the Wong-Baker and FLACC scores of patients in the VR group were (2.44 ± 1.65) and (2.12 ± 1.34), respectively, and the scores of patients in the non-VR group were (4.21 ± 2.42) and (3.75 ± 2.05), respectively. The study concludes that virtual reality is effective in reducing pain in school-aged children with burn wounds. The study also concludes that virtual reality does not cause adverse reactions.
Seasonal Dynamics of Flight Phenology of the Euwallacea fornicatus Species Complex and an Associated Parasitoid Wasp in Avocado Groves in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Fang-Ling , Rugman-Jones Paul , Liao Yi-Chang , Husein Deena , Liang Hui-Hung , Tuan Shu-Jen , Stouthamer Richard 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Euwallacea fornicatus species complex (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) is a group of four cryptic ambrosia beetle species. Native to Asia, several members of the complex have invaded other continents, where they cause significant economic losses to agricultural crops (e.g., avocado) and natural ecosystems. We were primarily interested in developing management strategies by focusing on the flight behavior of the beetles. Thus, seasonal differences in flight activity were assessed using panel traps baited with a commercial quercivorol lure, placed in infested avocado orchards in Danei, Tainan, Taiwan. Same traps were used to investigate the flight activity of a natural enemy, an undescribed species of the Braconid genus Eucosmophorus sp. Shothole borer species were identified using a DNA-based, high resolution melting assay. Trap data were compared to the predictions of a simple degree-day model, incorporating developmental data and several environmental parameters known to influence flight. Such as the time period representing most of flight activity in a day and temperature-dependent flight propensity. In stark contrast to the degree-day model which predicted the highest emergence, and by extension flight, of shothole borers during spring and summer (May to November), flight activity was actually lowest during these months, and instead, peaked during the winter (October to March). Abundance of the parasitoid wasp closely mirrored flight activity of the shothole borers. The mismatch of trapping and modeling data can have many causes, heavy precipitation and possibly cooperative brood care may suppress the dispersal behavior of the shothole borers during the summer.
Presentation and evaluation of an atypical, supraclavicular mass in a pediatric patient
Authors: Schafer Austin D , Allen David Z , Niermeyer Weston L , Elmaraghy Charles A , Conces Miriam 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although the vast majority of pediatric neck masses are benign, pediatric malignancies commonly present in the supraclavicular region. We present the case of a 4-year-old male who presented with a mass in the trapezius muscle with accompanying lymphadenopathy. An extensive work-up was performed to exclude malignancy, and the patient was ultimately diagnosed with a benign monocytic mass, which surgically excised. He has been doing well since surgery with no evidence of recurrence. A review of the literature revealed this case to be the first of its kind to be reported.
Laparoscopic treatment of entero-neobladder fistula after radical cystectomy
Authors: Araújo Ana Sofia , Anacleto Sara , Laranjo-Tinoco Catarina , Cardoso Andreia , Morais Nuno , Torres João Nuno , Mendes Miguel , Leão Ricardo , Carvalho-Dias Emanuel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Entero-neovesical fistula is a rare complication of orthotopic ileal neobladder after radical cystectomy occurring in &lt;2% of cases. Surgical treatment is usually required and includes open resection of the affected bowel tract and reconstitution of bowel transit. Here we present a case of a laparoscopic treatment of entero-to-neobladder fistula 8 years after laparoscopic radical cystectomy to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of minimally invasive treatment (Supplementary Video). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of minimally invasive treatment of entero-neobladder fistula.
Case of laparoscopic parastomal hernia repair using modified Sugarbaker mesh method
Authors: Tsuchiya Yuki , Takahashi Hiromitsu , Ishibiki Yosiro , Iwanuma Yoshimi , Sakamoto Kazuhiro , Fukunaga Masaki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A 75-year-old woman underwent sigmoid colon resection and transverse colostomy for perforation of the diverticulum of the sigmoid colon at 70 years of age at another hospital. She was referred to our hospital with complaints of abdominal discomfort 3 months prior to presentation. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a parastomal hernia (PSH). We performed laparoscopic repair using the Sugarbaker approach with a Symbotex Composite Mesh™ and laparoscopic adhesive intestinal repair. The patient’s post-operative course was unremarkable, and she was transferred to the Department of Internal Medicine after 10 days. There was no recurrence 6 months after surgery. Tension-free surgery using a mesh has been reported to be effective in preventing the recurrence of PSH. We performed a laparoscopic modified Sugarbaker mesh method using the Symbotex Composite Mesh™ with collagen film to repair an abdominal hernia.
Concordance between practice and published evidence in the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis in Japan: A cross-sectional web-questionnaire survey
Authors: Miyawaki Yoshia , Fujii Takao , Anan Keisuke , Kodera Masanari , Kikuchi Masao , Sada Ken-Ei , Nagasaka Kenji , Bando Masashi , Sugiyama Hitoshi , Kaname Shinya , Harigai Masayoshi , Tamura Naoto 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
We conducted a descriptive study of the physicians’ evidence–practice gap for adults covered by the 2017 clinical practice guidelines for the management of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in Japan.

Methods
This web-based survey, conducted between January and February 2021, involved physicians who had treated at least five patients in the preceding year at a regional core hospital. The outcome was the physicians’ experience in treating patients with microscopic polyangiitis or granulomatosis with polyangiitis [prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)], defined as treating at least 60% of their patients with the recommended therapy during the year. A modified Poisson regression analysis was performed to explore the factors associated with concordance.

Results
The 202 participants included 49 pulmonologists, 65 nephrologists, 61 rheumatologists, and other physicians. The concordance was 31.5% (95% CI, 25.1–38.5) of physicians who used cyclophosphamide or rituximab for the induction of remission. Rheumatology showed the highest concordance with published evidence (risk ratio = 2.4; 95% CI, 1.10–5.22, p = .03).

Conclusions
These results suggest an evidence–practice gap, which varies substantially among subspecialties. Further studies and a new promotional initiative are necessary to close this gap in clinical practice.
Where Do People With Primary Malignant Brain Tumours Die? A National Cohort Study in England, Using GlioCova Data
Authors: Caldano Micah , Droney Joanne , Mauricaite Radvile , Le Calvez Kerlann , Williams Matt 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

AIMS
The Gliocova dataset uses linked English national cancer data on all 51,775 adult primary brain tumour patients diagnosed between 2013-2018. Despite poor outcomes, there is little work on end of life care in primary brain tumour patients. The majority of patients with cancer prefer to die at home, but most do not.

METHOD
We identified all patients with a malignant primary brain tumour diagnosed in England between 2013-2018 and who died up until 1st of August 2020.

RESULTS
20,684 patients were selected. The median age at diagnosis was 68 years (IQR=19), 42% were female. 55% died within 6 months of diagnosis. 36% of people died at home (compared to 24% of the entire population in England), 25% died in hospital, 15% died in a hospice, 9% died in a nursing home. 15% had an unrecorded or other place of death.
47% (n=9,682) patients had radiotherapy, of which 8.7% (n=1,806) had radiotherapy in the 3 months before death; 29% (n=5,947) patients received chemotherapy (6%(n=1,292) during the last 3 months). 87%(n=18,013) patients had surgery (36%(n=7,370) during the last three months). For all treatments the chance of patients dying at home decreases if the patient has treatment in the last three months of life.

CONCLUSION
To our knowledge, this is the first work exploring the relationship between anti-cancer treatment near the end of life and the location of death. Further work will focus on building a comprehensive model to predict rates of death in hospital, and examine variation on a national level.
ChemoSeed®: A Novel Implantable Device for the Treatment of High Grade Gliomas
Authors: Abdelnabi Dina , Watts Colin , Hingtgen Shawn , Valdivia Alain , McConville Christopher 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

AIMS
The treatment of high grade gliomas (HGGs) is extremely toxic, while offering a dismal prognosis of 15 months survival. Irinotecan (IRN) is a second-line therapy due to its dose-limiting toxicities when delivered systemically. The aim of this research is to formulate IRN into ChemoSeed for local administration to the resection margin of HGGs and evaluate it for toxicity and efficacy in a Patient-Derived Xenograft mouse resection model.

METHOD
30 and 40% w/w IRN-loaded ChemoSeeds were manufactured using hot melt extrusion and were subsequently implanted into the resection cavity of HGG tumour bearing mice.

RESULTS
The 30% w/w IRN-loaded ChemoSeeds showed moderate local toxicity two days after implantation, which diminished by day 4. The 40% w/w IRN-loaded ChemoSeeds showed signs of moderate local toxicity up to six days post implantation, diminishing by day 8 with mild toxicity returning at day 14. Histopathology of the implantation site showed signs of the onset of necrosis at day 45 and 14 for the 30% and 40% w/w IRN-loaded ChemoSeeds. Hematological analysis and clinical chemistry showed no signs of serious systemic toxicity for either the 30 or 40% w/w IRN-loaded ChemoSeeds. The 30% w/w IRN-loaded ChemoSeeds had an 80% survival at day 148, with no sign of tumour recurrence, while the 40% w/w group showed signs of tumour recurrence at day 21, with all mice dead by day 70.

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates that the 30% w/w IRN-loaded ChemoSeeds are a promising novel treatment for HGGs that could be quickly translated into the clinic.
The Cost of Treating Adult Glioblastoma Patients in England
Authors: Kanso Nour , Mauricaite Radvile , Calvez Kerlann Le , Williams Matt 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

AIMS
The GlioCova dataset uses linked English national cancer data on all 51,775 adult primary brain tumour patients diagnosed between 2013-2018, of which 15,277 patients were diagnosed with a cranial glioblastoma. Here we present data on the direct care costs of treatment, based on secondary care data.

METHOD
We examined data on inpatient and outpatient care for all cranial glioblastoma patients in the dataset. We used the NHS HRG4+ Reference Costs Grouper 2017-2018 to assign costs standardised to 2017-2018.

RESULTS
A total of 14,999 patients were admitted to hospital between the last three months of 2012 and up to the end of 2019, of which we were able to assign costs to 14,691 patients. Total inpatient cost was over £321 million (34% of which was attributed to direct costs of spells of neurosurgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy). 14,528 patients had outpatient care, of which we were able to assign costs to 14,419 patients. Total outpatient cost was over £92 million (41% of which was attributed to chemotherapy and radiotherapy).

CONCLUSION
The estimated secondary care costs for adult glioblastoma patients in England were over £414 million for patients diagnosed between 2013-2018, but do not include patient out-of-pocket costs, primary care, social care, or end of life care costs. Future work will examine variation in care and costs and extend it to the wider brain tumour cohort. We also hope these data will help make the economic argument for improvements in care for brain tumour patients. More information on GlioCova: https://blogs.imperial.ac.uk/gliocova/about-gliocova/