bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mosquito larva distribution and natural Wolbachia infection in campus areas of Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Authors: Surasiang Thunyarat , Chumkiew Sirilak , Martviset Pongsakorn , Chantree Pathanin , Jamklang Mantana 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To determine the prevalence of mosquito larvae in campus areas and the infection rate of endosymbiotic bacteria, Wolbachia in mosquito larvae.

Method:
The mosquito larvae samples were collected in residential areas and academic buildings of Suranaree University of Technology located in Northeastern Thailand during 2017-2018. Mosquito species identification was performed using GLOBE mosquito protocols and Rattanarithikul & Panthusiri’s keys. The gene encoding for the surface protein of Wolbachia was amplified by PCR and confirmed by DNA sequencing.

Results:

Armigeres sp. is the highest proportion of mosquito larvae followed by Culex spp., Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, and Toxorynchites spp., respectively. Aedes aegypti have breeding sites mostly in the containers found indoors, whereas the main breeding sites of Aedes albopictus were found in both outdoors and indoors. The House Index and Breteau Index for Aedes spp. was more than 5% and 20%, respectively, in both areas, indicating that these areas are dengue sensitive. The highest proportion of Wolbachia infection was found in the larvae of Culex spp. (86.21%), followed by Aedes albopictus (69.23%) and rarely detected in Aedes aegypti (9.09%).

Conclusion:
The present study reported the first natural infection of Wolbachia in mosquito larvae in Thailand. Our result suggested that the mosquito species containing higher proportion of Wolbachia are less likely to be vectors for dengue. Therefore, Wolbachia transfection in mosquito larvae could be applied as a biocontrol for dengue and other mosquito-borne disease prevention.
Determining the status of preconception care model in pregnant woman of Gorgan city (North of Iran) using structural equation modeling (SEM)
Authors: Borghei Narjes Sadat , Ebady Tayebeh , Bayrami Roghaieh , Nikbakht Roya 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
Preconception reduces unplanned pregnancies and plays an important role in reducing maternal and infant mortality. Considering the importance of these care services, this study was conducted to determine the status of preconception care (PCC) model with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 394 pregnant women referring to Gorgan's health centers. Samples were selected by multi-stage stratified sampling method. The instrument used in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire by Bayrami. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.1.4. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with weighted least square mean and variance method was used to fit the conceptual model and the significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.

RESULTS:
The results showed that PCC model was deemed appropriate as optimum conditions indicators of goodness of fit; knowledge with a coefficient of 0.182 leads to self-efficacy (SE), and SE affects the accessibility of facilities with a coefficient of 0.465 and the expected outcome with a coefficient of 0.500. After facility structure with a coefficient of 0.500, SE construct with a coefficient of 0.215 had the most effect on performing PCC behavior.

CONCLUSIONS:
Facilities and SE as a key element of empowerment have an important role in promoting PCC. Identifying the factors associated with this care appears to help health policymakers to planning for these caregivers more precise and sensitive.
Evaluation of e-learning in a department of Community Medicine as a response to COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Venugopal Vinayagamoorthy , Dongre Amol R. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 pandemic pushed all educational institutions to rely exclusively on technology-based learning. As this was done for the first time, it is ideal to evaluate the e-learning program to refine and consolidate the learned experience. Hence, the current study was undertaken to evaluate the online learning and teaching experiences of students and teachers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This program evaluation on e-learning was carried out in the department of Community Medicine (DCM) in a private medical college using context/input/process/product framework among IV, VI, and VII semester undergraduate students and faculties in DCM who were exposed to e-learning for the period of 2 months since April 2020. Google Forms was used to design a survey questionnaire that was conceptualized as per the needs of the evaluation framework. Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Descriptive analysis was done for quantitative variables and manual content analysis using Lewin's force field framework was performed for the qualitative data.

RESULTS:
Out of 301 undergraduates contacted, 196 (65.1%) responded to online survey. Their mean age was 19.9 years and 128 (65.3%) were females. Mobile phone was used by 93.4% to access e-learning. Combined modality of learning was preferred by 58.2% of them in future. Six “for” and “against” factors on e-learning emerged out of content analysis pertaining to three main stakeholders, namely administrator, faculty, and student.

CONCLUSION:
Our evaluation conveys that for effective e-learning in any subject, the students, educators, and institutional factors that were identified need to be considered throughout all phases of program development with careful assumptions about its acceptance by the millennial.
The use and the cost of outpatient diagnostic procedures for cardiovascular diseases in Isfahan province
Authors: Rezayatmand Reza , Yadegarfar Ghasem , Ghasemirad Masoumeh , Mohammadi Farzaneh 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the most important causes of premature death, disability, disease burden, and increasing the cost of healthcare worldwide. Having an overview of service utilization can help policymakers to plan more effective use of those services and to cut costs. Thus, this study aims to determine the amount of use as well as the cost of various outpatient diagnostic procedures for CVDs in Isfahan province of Iran from 2011 to 2017.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This descriptive study used insurance claim data (time period: 2011–2017) from Health Insurance Organization in Isfahan province to determine the amount of use and the cost of various outpatient diagnostic procedures for CVDs. Afterward, based on these data, the use and the cost of various outpatient diagnostic procedures for CVDs were estimated for the total population of Isfahan province. The list of outpatient diagnostic procedures for CVDs was carefully chosen according to experts' opinions.

RESULTS:
The use and the cost of outpatient diagnostic procedures for CVDs have drastically increased in the study period (2011–2017). Since 2011, the number of procedures and their related costs have increased 6.6 and 30.76 times (11.74 times, adjusted with PPP conversion factor), respectively. Per capita use (per thousand people) was 18.75 in 2011, reaching 116.51 in 2017. Per capita cost (per thousand people) was 1,887,660 IRR (355 PPP$) in 2011, reaching 54,660,365 IRR (3920 PPP$) in 2017. The highest cost and use were related to echocardiography and electrocardiography, respectively. A notable increase has been observed in the share of radionuclide myocardial perfusion scan and analysis of pacemakers and ICDs of the total cost.

CONCLUSIONS:
The use of outpatient diagnostic procedures for CVDs has drastically increased during the studied period. Consequently, the cost borne by the health system and the patients have notably increased. This may be because of the increase in the incidence and prevalence of CVDs during the study period. Greater access to related health services can be mentioned as another reason for this increase. Further research is needed to explain all potential reasons and their importance, which can provoke a suitable health policy reaction.
Textual Dimensions of the Public Ḥaḍra in Egyptian Sufism
Authors: Frishkopf Michael 
Published: July 2022

The article explores the crucial role of text in Sufism, especially in the central corporate ritual, ḥaḍra. Using Egypt as a case study, and thoroughly analyzing one particular ḥaḍra performance, the article uses concepts of intertext and interauthor to demonstrate how text supports socio-spiritual relationships.
Flexible approach to prejudice in the civil process: opportunities and risks
Authors: Смагина Е.С. 
Published: July 2022

В СТАТЬЕ РАССМАТРИВАЮТСЯ ПРОБЛЕМЫ НОРМАТИВНОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯИ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПРАВИЛ ПРЕЮДИЦИИ СУДЕБНЫХ АКТОВ В ЦИВИЛИСТИЧЕСКОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ, ПРЕДЛАГАЕТСЯ МЕХАНИЗМ ОПРОВЕРЖЕНИЯ ПРЕЮДИЦИИ.
THE ARTICLE DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS OF REGULATORY REGULATIONAND PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF THE RULES OF PREJUDICATION OF JUDICIAL ACTS IN THE CIVIL PROCEDURE, A MECHANISM OF THE REFUTATION OF THE PREJUDICE IS PROPOSED.
Circumstances confirmed by a notary when performing a notarial act as a basis for exemption from proof in the arbitration process
Authors: Мацкевич П.Н. 
Published: July 2022

В СТАТЬЕ АНАЛИЗИРУЮТСЯ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ Ч. 5 СТ. 69 АПК РФ ОБ ОСВОБОЖДЕНИИ ОТ ДОКАЗЫВАНИЯ ОБСТОЯТЕЛЬСТВ, ПОДТВЕРЖДЕННЫХ НОТАРИУСОМ ПРИ СОВЕРШЕНИИ НОТАРИАЛЬНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ, А ТАКЖЕ ПРАКТИКА ПРАВОПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ДАННОЙ НОРМЫ. АВТОРОМ РАССМОТРЕНЫ ВОПРОСЫ О СООТНОШЕНИИ ДАННОЙ НОРМЫ С НОРМАМИ О ПРЕЮДИЦИИ, ОБ УСЛОВИЯХ И ПОРЯДКЕ ОПРОВЕРЖЕНИЯ НОТАРИАЛЬНО ПОДТВЕРЖДЕННЫХ ОБСТОЯТЕЛЬСТВ, ОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ КРУГА ОБСТОЯТЕЛЬСТВ, КОТОРЫЕ МОГУТ УСТАНАВЛИВАТЬСЯ НОТАРИУСОМ ПРИ СОВЕРШЕНИИ ТЕХ ИЛИ ИНЫХ НОТАРИАЛЬНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ.
THE ARTICLE ANALYZES THE PROVISIONS OF PART 5 OF ART. 69 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation ON EXEMPTION FROM PROOF OF CIRCUMSTANCES CONFIRMED BY A NOTARY IN THE PERFORMANCE OF NOTARIAL ACTIONS, AS WELL AS THE PRACTICE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OF THIS REGULATION. The author considered questions about the ratio of this norm with the norms of prejudice, about the conditions and procedure for refuting notarized circumstances, about determining the circle of circumstances that can be established by a notary when performing certain notarial actions.
Captura de carbono del arbolado de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Ecuador
Authors: Castillo Ruperti Ricardo Javier , Bello Pinargote Vicente Enrique , Loor Barrezueta Yulio Santiago , Ayón Hidalgo Carlos César 
Published: July 2022

La importancia de los árboles para el ambiente se centra en los servicios que pueden ofrecer, siendo el de fijación de CO2 uno de los más destacados. El objetivo de la investigación fue estimar la cantidad de carbono capturado por el arbolado de las áreas verdes de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí. Para este propósito se realizó un inventario del estrato arbóreo. Se registraron todos los individuos con diámetro a 1.30 m ? 5 cm. Se evaluó la riqueza y abundancia, además de variables dendométricas (altura total, diámetro del tronco). Se calculó el carbono capturado a partir de la estimación de biomasa forestal. La densidad de la madera de las distintas especies se obtuvo de varias bases de datos forestales mundiales. Se identificaron 68 especies y 1200 individuos. La especie más abundante fue Azadirachta indica (37%). El secuestro de CO2 fue de 19 650.76 t. A pesar de que se fija una importante cantidad de carbono, muchos ejemplares se encuentran en conflicto con infraestructura física, lo cual requiere la remoción de estos. Se recomienda diseñar nuevas áreas verdes bajo estrictas normas de calidad, priorizando especies nativas.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (Studi kasus PT Lastana Express Cabang Raden Inten)
Authors: Lestari Sri , Nahriyati Riani 
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada sampel 92 orang. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner pada karyawan ,kemudian dari jawaban kuesioner diolah dan dilakukan dengan alat uji regresi , korelasi, uji t dan uji f dengan menggunakan program SPSS 25. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan koefisien regresi berganda yaitu Y= 12,444 + 0,356 (X1) + 0,382 (X2) dengan nilai persamaan tersebut dapat di lihat nilai a= 12,444 dapat diinterprestasikan sebagai Y jika X1 dan X2 sama dengan 0. Nilai B1= 0,356 menunjukkan setiap kenaikan pada kompensasi sebanyak satu kali maka kenaikan pada disiplin kerja akan menaikkan kinerja karyawan sebesar 0,356. Nilai B2 = 0,382 menunjukkan setiap kenaikan satu kali pada disiplin kerja akan menaikkan kinerja karyawan sebesar 0,382. Dalam perhitungan koefisien determinasi di dapat perhitungannya sebesar 0,700, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa besarnya pengaruh yang diberikan oleh variabel kompensasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 70,0 %. Sedangkan sisanya yaitu 30,0% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Dari perhitunga n uji F dapat nilai hasil signifikansi yaitu alpha = 5% dan dapat dinilai Fhitung 103,764 dengan nilai Ftabel 3,10. Dikarenakan hasil Fhitung Ftabel (103,734 3,10) artinya kompensasi dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha di terima
IMPLICATIONS FOR BIG DATA AND ANALYTICS ON UNDERWRITING PRACTICES IN INSURANCE SECTOR
Authors: Kajwang Ben 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Many businesses' approaches to data management have been revolutionized as a result of the advent of big data analytics. These days, companies are harnessing the power of the insights offered by big data in order to instantly establish more information about their customers and the ways in which they conduct business. The goal of this research is to analyze the implications for Big Data and analytics on underwriting practices in insurance sector.

Methodology: This was accomplished through the use of a desktop literature review. The use of Google Scholar was utilized in order to locate seminal references and journal articles that were pertinent to the study. Papers that were published no more than ten years prior were required to meet the inclusion criteria.

Findings: According to the findings of the study, top insurers' underwriting was significantly impacted by the digitization of their claims processes, which made use of big data and analytics. In this paper, the beneficial role of adopting technologies and tools of big data has been justified. These technologies and tools make it possible to develop powerful new business models, which, in turn, make it possible for the role of insurance to transition from "understand and protect" to "predict and prevent."
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: According to the findings of the study, various aspects of building up digital insurance control mechanisms that assist in maintaining the data integrity of underwriting processes should be implemented. When such advanced security frameworks are implemented, data integrity can be assured, and instances of fraud losses can be significantly reduced. In addition to this, there is a requirement for need-based training to be provided to underwriters regarding the implementation of digital management systems. Moreover, insurance companies should take advantage of the opportunities presented by technology in order to provide underwriters with an early warning of any potentially fraudulent activities
Comparative Assessment of Current Serological Methods against the Conventional in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infections in Suspected Peptic Ulcer Patients Attending Health Facilities in Lafia, Nigeria.
Authors: Nfongeh Joseph Fuh , Kabido Hulera Usman , Pedro Akharenegbe , Fadayomi Victor Kolawole , Ramalan Abdullahi Sani , Kpandem Yohanna Esau 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in most severe cases of peptic ulcer. Despite this development, the diagnosis of this infection has been a major challenge due to the difficulty encountered during isolation using the conventional culture method. Presently, most health facilities in rural communities in Nigeria still adopt the culture method as the gold standard technique for the diagnosis of H. pylori infections. The need for the introduction of more accurate, robust and rapid diagnostic techniques is therefore imperative. This study was carried out to compare the overall performance of two diagnostic methods in the assessment of Helicobacter pylori infection status among peptic ulcer suspected patients attending health facilities in Lafia, Nigeria, using stool antigen immunoassay test and blood antibody test methods.
Methodology: A total of 180 patients with peptic ulcer symptoms attending three health facilities (80 from DASH and 50 each from Jafamek Diagnostic Centre and Haske Hospital) were recruited by designated health workers through random selection using non-probability and convenience sampling. The blood and stool samples of each participant were screened using H. pylori antibody/ antigen test strips (Azure Biotech Inc). The stool samples were cultured on Brain Heart Infusion agar (Oxoid, UK) and the result used as a gold standard in this study. Data obtained were presented as frequencies and association between test methods analysed using contingency chi-square test and Cohen kappa statistics.
Results: The outcome of the study showed that out of the 180 participants screened, 51 (28.33%) were positive using the culture method (CM), 111 (61.67%) were reactive for Helicobacter pylori blood antibody test (BAB), while 86 (47.78%) were positive for Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (SAG). The sensitivity and specificity of the two methods were recorded as 74.50%, 44.20% and 70.60%, 61.20% for BAB and SAG respectively. The level of agreement according to the value of kappa was found to be poor with BAB but fair with SAG.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the overall prevalence of H. pylori infection among the patients was relatively low compared to values obtained from other areas in Nigeria. Also, the stool antigen analytical method had the highest diagnostic accuracy compared to the serum antibody and culture techniques.
Recommendation: The stool antigen method is considered the most effective in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infections in the study community and should therefore be used regularly as first choice option.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice towards Alcohol Use and its Related Factors among Regular Users
Authors: Khan Kashif Kamran , Shahzadi Amber 
Published: July 2022

Background: Extreme and regular use of alcohol may cause the progression of chronic diseases and other serious health issues. Regular alcohol consumption has serious consequences for the health and well-being of those who drink regular additionally, the lives of those around them.
Purpose: Reason for conducting this research study was to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practice towards alcohol use and its related factors among regular users. It also examined the socio-demographic, drinking and purchasing behavior of the targeted population using alcohol in District Multan and Khanewal.
Methodology: A descriptive study with self-structured questionnaire that represent sample (n = 100) of regular alcohol users in the study area for quantitative analysis and focus group discussions were conducted with regular alcohol users; three focus group discussions involved 4 regular alcohol users and three involved 5 regular alcohol users for qualitative analysis. A total of 100 regular alcohol users took part in the study through convenient sampling after their written informed consent.
Findings: This study illustrated the leading cause of alcohol use-curiosity which indicated 66% of the respondents’ preferred to intake 1 to 2 bottles which used to relax their brains. It is quite evident that the regular alcohol users used very cheap alcohol if they had low income. The information among the users was insufficient but the attitude towards alcohol use was positive.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The outcomes ought to be thought of by the concerned departments, decision and policy makers for endorsing the execution of alcohol deterrence approaches especially within the districts and also in the whole country.
Costs of Dutch Elm Disease Management in Wisconsin Communities
Authors: Kostichka Charles J. , Cannon William N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn 1980, communities participating in the Wisconsin Dutch Elm Disease Demonstration Program spent about $2.62 per capita for Dutch elm disease management. The percentage of the total program expenditure for each control practice was: tree removal and disposal, 79%; systemic fungicide injections, 11%; sanitation and symptom surveys, 7%; and root-graft barriers, 3%.
Developing the Occupational Therapy–Specific Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX) for Evaluating Interns’ Clinical Skills and Attitudes in Pediatric Occupational Therapy
Authors: Fu Chung-Pei , Chen Yu-Lan , Kuo Nung-Chen , Su Chia-Ting , Huang Ching-Kai , Li Ming-Wei , Chi Hsin-Yu , Yang Chien-Lun , Chang Wan-Ying 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Importance: The Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX) is highly recommended for assessing interns’ performance.
Objective: To develop a pediatric occupational therapy–specific Mini-CEX and examine its psychometrics.
Design: Stage 1 had a retrospective design; Stage 2 had a prospective design.
Setting: Pediatric occupational therapy unit in a hospital in Taiwan.
Participants: Thirty-four occupational therapy interns were evaluated with the Mini-CEX (physician version), and 57 were evaluated with the occupational therapy–specific Mini-CEX.
Outcomes and Measures: The occupational therapy–specific Mini-CEX was developed with seven items on a 9-point scale categorized into three levels (unsatisfactory, satisfactory, highly satisfactory).
Results: In Stage 1, the frequency of Mini-CEX (physician version) items receiving a rating of not applicable ranged from 1.9% to 88.1%. In Stage 2, the frequency of occupational therapy–specific Mini-CEX items receiving a rating of not applicable ranged from 3.5% to 31.6%. With the theme of evaluation taken into consideration, the frequency of not-applicable ratings was 0% to 8.8%. For the occupational therapy–specific Mini-CEX, content validity (item-level content validity index = 1, scale-level content validity index = 1) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .93) were excellent. The interns’ scores on the second evaluation were significantly higher than those on their first evaluation, indicating good discriminant validity.
Conclusions and Relevance: The occupational therapy–specific Mini-CEX appears to be reliable and valid, and it is appropriate for evaluating interns’ skills and attitudes in pediatric occupational therapy practice.
What This Article Adds: The results support the development of the occupational therapy–specific Mini-CEX and its application in pediatric internship training.
Analisis Pola Konsumsi Civitas Akademika STAI Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Tanjung Pura Langkat
Authors: Muhammad Arfan Harahap, Sri Wahyuni Ahmad Daud, 
Published: July 2022

Akademisi menghadapi ketertarikan untuk memahami hubungan antara Islam dan konsumsi baru-baru ini, mengingat statistik menunjukkan peningkatan luar biasa dalam permintaan barang dengan karakter islami. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengungkap pola konsumsi islami pada civitas akademika STAI Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Tanjung Pura Langkat. Prinsip-prinsip pola konsumsi Islam menjadi standart yang digunakan dalam melihat pola konsumsi yang ada. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif digunakan untuk menguraikan perilaku orang-orang yang berbagi jenis budaya tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari kelima prinsip-prinsip konsumsi Islam yang menjadi pedoman, terdapat tiga prinsip yang sudah diterapkan dalam pola konsumsi civitas akademika STAI Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Tanjung Pura Langkat yaitu prinsip keadilan, kebersihan dan Moralitas. Sedangka dua prinsip lainnya yaitu kesederhanaan dan kemurahan hati masih sebahagian besar yang menerapkannya sedangkan sebahagian lainnya masih belum mempertimbangkannya.