bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexoelectric effect induced p–n homojunction in monolayer GeSe
Authors: Zheng Jun-Ding , Zhao Yi-Feng , Bao Zhi-Qiang , Shen Yu-Hao , Guan Zhao , Zhong Ni , Yue Fang-Yu , Xiang Ping-Hua , Duan Chun-Gang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional in-plane ferroelectric materials group-IV monochalcogenides MX (M = Ge, Sn; X = S, Se) have attracted much attention due to their rich physical properties. Here, we study the flexoelectric effect on the electronic, optical and transport properties in the monolayer germanium selenide (GeSe). We found that bending along the armchair (polarization) direction can separate the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital in the real space and form the type-II band alignment, which can be used to fabricate p–n homojunctions. This outstanding property hints the potential applications of the bending monolayer GeSe for the exciton transport and solar cell, and provides new routines for advanced two-dimensional semiconductor devices.
Effect of ultrasonic rolling on the surface integrity and corrosion properties of GCr15 steel before and after quenching
Authors: Wang Yongchen , Lin Jianghai , Wang Yanshuang , Fu Xiuli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Two new surface strengthening processes,Ultrasonic rolling treatment before and after quenching were investigated on GCr15 steel. The surface integrity and corrosion were tested and ABAQUS simulation was conducted for the two processes. As a result, the proposed process is to carry out ultrasonic rolling on the GCr15 after quenching by the small static loads and rolling times. In comparision with the unquenched sample, the quenched sample is more prone to dislocation and slip, resulting in better grain refinement effect. When the static loads and rolling times are small, ultrasonic rolling has a good peak-cutting and valley-filling effect on the quenched sample surface, which leads to the roughness of the quenched samples less than that of the unquenched samples. The initial residual compressive stress in the quenched sample due to heat treatment is greater and deeper than that of the unquenched sample due to large plastic deformation under small static loads or rolling times. The hardness of the unquenched samples is much lower than that of the quenched samples, owing to better grain refinement effect in quenched samples. The corrosion resistance of quenched samples is better than that of unquenched samples.
Complications of Capsulectomies: An Analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database
Authors: Abi-Rafeh Jad , Safran Tyler , Winocour Sebastian , Dionisopoulos Tassos , Davison Peter , Vorstenbosch Joshua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Although plastic surgeons commonly perform capsulectomies for a variety of peri-prosthetic capsular conditions, the safety of capsulectomy remains unknown, and the literature lacks evidence describing its morbidity and complication rates for patients inquiring about its associated risks.

Objectives
The present study aims to identify and define the complication rates associated with capsulectomies.

Methods
An analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was performed between the years 2015 and 2018. All information pertaining to demographics, patient-related information, surgical indications, procedure-related information, outcomes, and complications were assessed.

Results
The study identified 2231 cases of surgeon-reported capsulectomies; indications most commonly reported included capsular contracture (n = 638, 28.6%) and breast implant rupture (n = 403, 18.1%). In total, 141 patients (6.32%) were hospitalized for longer than 1 postoperative day (range, 2-28 days), while the overall complication rate was 3.0% (n = 67/2231 patients). Incidence of minor complications, representing superficial surgical site infections, was 0.8%, while the major complication rate was 2.24%. These included 7 cases of deep surgical site infections (0.3%), 19 organ space infections (0.9%), and 8 cases of wound dehiscence (0.4%). Eight patients developed sepsis (0.4%); 6 patients required transfusions (0.3%); 1 case of postoperative pneumonia and 1 myocardial infarction were also identified (n = 1 each, 0.0%). The overall reoperation and readmission rates were 2.0%, representing a readmission rate of 66% among patients with complications.

Conclusions
The present study provides the first estimate of the incidence of complications associated with capsulectomies. Although the NSQIP database contains significant limitations, the data presented herein describe a complication profile that plastic surgeons can share with their patients during informed consent.

Level of Evidence: 4
Deep learning identifies and quantifies recombination hotspot determinants
Authors: Li Yu , Chen Siyuan , Rapakoulia Trisevgeni , Kuwahara Hiroyuki , Yip Kevin Y , Gao Xin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Recombination is one of the essential genetic processes for sexually reproducing organisms, which can happen more frequently in some regions, called recombination hotspots. Although several factors, such as PRDM9 binding motifs, are known to be related to the hotspots, their contributions to the recombination hotspots have not been quantified, and other determinants are yet to be elucidated. Here, we propose a computational method, RHSNet, based on deep learning and signal processing, to identify and quantify the hotspot determinants in a purely data-driven manner, utilizing datasets from various studies, populations, sexes and species.

Results
RHSNet can significantly outperform other sequence-based methods on multiple datasets across different species, sexes and studies. In addition to being able to identify hotspot regions and the well-known determinants accurately, more importantly, RHSNet can quantify the determinants that contribute significantly to the recombination hotspot formation in the relation between PRDM9 binding motif, histone modification and GC content. Further cross-sex, cross-population and cross-species studies suggest that the proposed method has the generalization power and potential to identify and quantify the evolutionary determinant motifs.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/frankchen121212/RHSNet.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Dual enkephalinase inhibitor PL37 as a potential novel treatment of migraine: evidence from a rat model
Authors: Descheemaeker Amélie , Poras Hervé , Wurm Michel , Luccarini Philippe , Ouimet Tanja , Dallel Radhouane 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe dual enkephalinase inhibitor PL37, a small molecule that protects enkephalins from rapid degradation, has demonstrated analgesic properties in animal pain models and in early human clinical trials. This study tested the antimigraine potential of PL37 on cutaneous mechanical hypersensitivity affecting cephalic regions in migraineurs.Using behavioural testing and c-Fos immunoreactivity in male rats, we investigated the effects of single (oral or intravenous) and repeated oral administration of PL37 on changes in cutaneous mechanical sensitivity and sensitization of the trigeminocervical complex induced by repeated administration of the nitric oxide donor, isosorbide dinitrate.In naïve rats, single or repeated administration of PL37 or vehicle had no effect on cephalic mechanical sensitivity. However, single oral PL37 treatment effectively inhibited isosorbide dinitrate-induced acute cephalic mechanical hypersensitivity. Single intravenous but not oral PL37 administration inhibited chronic cephalic mechanical hypersensitivity. Daily oral administration of PL37 prevented cephalic mechanical hypersensitivity and decreased touch-induced c-Fos expression in trigeminocervical complex following repeated isosorbide dinitrate administration.These data reveal the therapeutic potential of the dual enkephalinase inhibitor PL37 as an acute and prophylactic treatment for migraine. Protecting enkephalins from their degrading enzymes therefore appears to be an innovative approach to treat migraine.
Relationship of normal-weight central obesity with the risk for heart failure and atrial fibrillation: analysis of a nationwide health check-up and claims database
Authors: Ueno Kensuke , Kaneko Hidehiro , Kamiya Kentaro , Itoh Hidetaka , Okada Akira , Suzuki Yuta , Matsuoka Satoshi , Fujiu Katsuhito , Michihata Nobuaki , Jo Taisuke , Takeda Norifumi , Morita Hiroyuki , Ako Junya , Node Koichi , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Yasunaga Hideo , Komuro Issei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
There have been scarce data on the relationship of normal-weight central obesity (NWCO) with the subsequent risk for heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Using a nationwide health check-up and administrative claims database, we sought to clarify whether NWCO would be associated with the incidence of HF and AF.

Methods and results
Medical records of 1 697 903 participants without prior history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and normal-weight (body mass index of 18.5–23.0 kg/m2) were extracted from the JMDC Claims Database, which is a health check-up and claims database. We defined NWCO as normal-weight and CO (waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men or ≥ 80 cm for women). The median age was 44.0 (37.0–52.0) years and 872 578 (51.4%) participants were men. Overall, 154 778 individuals (9.1%) had CO. The mean follow-up period was 3.3 ± 2.6 years. Participants with NWCO were older and more likely to be women than those without. HF and AF occurred in 26 936 (1.6%) and 6554 (0.4%) participants, respectively. People having NWCO were associated with a greater risk for HF [hazard ratio (HR): 1.072, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.026–1.119] and AF (HR: 1.202, 95% CI: 1.083–1.333) compared with those having normal-weight without CO.

Conclusion
Our analysis of a nationwide health check-up and administrative claims database including ∼1.7 million participants without prevalent CVD history demonstrated the potential impact of NWCO on the risk for HF and AF, suggesting the importance of abdominal obesity in the developing HF and AF even in normal-weight individuals.
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown announcements on mental health: quasi-natural experiment in Lombardy, Italy
Authors: Wang Yuxi , Lugo Alessandra , Amerio Andrea , Cavalieri d’Oro Luca , Iacoviello Licia , Odone Anna , Zucchi Alberto , Gallus Silvano , Stuckler David ,   Lost in Lombardia Project Investigators, Gallus Silvano , Bosetti Cristina , Jarach Carlotta Micaela , Lugo Alessandra , Stival Chiara , Serafini Gianluca , Amerio Andrea , Amore Mario , Stuckler David , De Sena Roberto , Ghislandi Simone , Wang Yuxi , Iacoviello Licia , Bonaccio Marialaura , Gianfagna Francesco , Ghulam Anwal , Odone Anna , Signorelli Carlo , Bertuccio Paola , Mosconi Giansanto , Vigezzi Giacomo Pietro , d'Oro Luca Cavalieri , Rognoni Magda , Scala Marco , Zucchi Alberto , Ciampichini Roberta 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Evidence showed that mental health problems have risen markedly during COVID-19. It is unclear if part of the mental sufferings relates to the climate of uncertainty and confusion originated from rough communication by health officials and politicians. Here, we test the impact of unanticipated policy announcements of lockdown policies on mental health of the older population.

Methods
We used a representative telephone-based survey of 4400 people aged 65 years or older in Italy’s Lombardy region to compare information on self-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression and poor-quality sleep of subjects interviewed on the days of the policy announcement with that of subjects interviewed on other days. We used regression models adjusting for potential socio-demographic confounders as well study design with inverse probability weighting.

Results
On days when policymakers announced to extend the lockdown, mental health deteriorated on average by 5.5 percentage points [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1–9.8] for self-reported anxiety symptoms and 5.1 percentage points (95% CI: 2.7–7.4) for self-reported depressive symptoms. The effect of the announcement to shorten the lockdown is more moderate but statistically significant. These associations were short term in duration; after just 1 day, self-reported mental health and sleep quality return to levels better than pre-announcement until a new policy change.

Conclusions
Our research shows that lockdown policy announcements are associated with short-term worsening in mental distress, highlighting the importance of appropriate communication strategies and political determinations in crisis times.
There and back again; historical perspective and future directions for Vaccinium breeding and research studies
Authors: Edger Patrick P , Iorizzo Massimo , Bassil Nahla V , Benevenuto Juliana , Ferrão Luis Felipe V , Giongo Lara , Hummer Kim , Lawas Lovely Mae F , Leisner Courtney P , Li Changying , Munoz Patricio R , Ashrafi Hamid , Atucha Amaya , Babiker Ebrahiem M , Canales Elizabeth , Chagné David , DeVetter Lisa , Ehlenfeldt Mark , Espley Richard V , Gallardo Karina , Günther Catrin S , Hardigan Michael , Hulse-Kemp Amanda M , Jacobs MacKenzie , Lila Mary Ann , Luby Claire , Main Dorrie , Mengist Molla F , Owens Gregory L , Perkins-Veazie Penelope , Polashock James , Pottorff Marti , Rowland Lisa J , Sims Charles A , Song Guo-qing , Spencer Jessica , Vorsa Nicholi , Yocca Alan E , Zalapa Juan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The genus Vaccinium L. (Ericaceae) contains a wide diversity of culturally and economically important berry crop species. Consumer demand and scientific research in blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) and cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) have increased worldwide over the crops’ relatively short domestication history (~100 years). Other species, including bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), and ohelo berry (Vaccinium reticulatum) are largely still harvested from the wild but with crop improvement efforts underway. Here, we present a review article on these Vaccinium berry crops on topics that span taxonomy to genetics and genomics to breeding. We highlight the accomplishments made thus far for each of these crops, along their journey from the wild, and propose research areas and questions that will require investments by the community over the coming decades to guide future crop improvement efforts. New tools and resources are needed to underpin the development of superior cultivars that are not only more resilient to various environmental stresses and higher yielding, but also produce fruit that continue to meet a variety of consumer preferences, including fruit quality and health related traits.
Is Time on Smartphones Well Spent?
Authors: Rasmussen Maria A , Frydendahl Julie O , Mekler Elisa D , Hornbæk Kasper 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The time we each spend using smartphones is increasing. So is the extent of discussions on whether that time is well spent and whether it results in positive experiences and ultimately improves well-being. However, research on this question rarely links the time spent on smartphones, the specific applications used, the motivation for using them and their effects on well-being. We had 70 participants compare experiences with a frequently used smartphone application and an occasionally used one. The participants used the Screen Time feature of the iPhone to select the applications and provided qualitative and quantitative data on their use of the applications. The findings show that the experience of pragmatic and hedonic value differs between the two application types, as does the experience of regret. The motivation for using the applications also in'uences whether the time is experienced as well spent. We use these findings to nuance the general discussion of smartphone usage and well-being.
11 Determination of Milk Concentrations and Pharmacokinetics of Salicylic Acid Following Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Administration in Postpartum Dairy Cows
Authors: Fritz Bailey R , Kleinhenz Michael D , Montgomery Shawnee R , Magnin Geraldine , Martin Miriam S , Weeder Mikaela , Curtis Andrew K , Coetzee Johann F 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as the widely available drug aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), may improve health and milk production in postpartum dairy cows. However, plasma pharmacokinetic (PK) data for salicylic acid (SA), the active metabolite of ASA, are unrepresentative of lactating dairy cows and current treatment regimens, and there are currently no published milk residue and minimal pharmacodynamic data available for ASA or SA in dairy cows. The objectives of this descriptive study were to (1) describe the pharmacokinetics of SA in the milk and plasma of postpartum dairy cows following oral ASA administration; (2) to estimate a milk withdrawal period for dairy cows treated with ASA; and (3) to determine the impact of ASA on plasma prostaglandin E2 metabolite (PGEM) concentrations. Primiparous (n = 3) and multiparous (n = 7) postpartum Holstein dairy cows received 2 oral treatments with ASA at 200 mg/kg, 24 h apart. Plasma and milk SA concentrations from 0 h through 120 h after ASA administration were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Plasma PK analysis was performed using a non-compartmental approach using the free software, PKSolver, in Excel. An estimated milk withdrawal interval of 168 h was determined using the FDA Milk Discard App in R (RStudio, Boston, MA) using a 99th percentile upper tolerance limit with 95% confidence. Plasma PGEM concentrations from 0 h to 24 h after ASA administration were determined in duplicate using ELISA and were reduced compared with baseline for up to 12 h after ASA administration. A mean reduction in PGEM of -49.3% was observed at 2 h. Results from this study suggest that the current milk withhold recommendation of 24 h for dairy cows administered ASA should be revised and that ASA administration may mitigate postpartum inflammation through reduction in prostaglandin production.
9 Evaluation of Predictive Models to Determine Total Morbidity Outcome of Feedlot Cattle Based on Pen-Level Feed Delivery Data During the First 15 Days on Feed
Authors: Heinen Lilli , Lancaster Phillip A , White Brad J , Zwiefel Erik 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Changes in feeding behavior and intake have been used to identify bovine respiratory disease in individual animals, but not at the pen level. Correctly identifying high morbidity pens early in the feeding period could facilitate interventions to improve health and economic outcomes. The objective was to determine the ability of feed delivery data from the first 15 d on feed to predict total feeding period morbidity. Data consisted of 518 pens (10 feedlots, 56,796 animals). Overall morbidity was classified into high (&gt;15% total morbidity) or low categories with 18.5% of pens having high morbidity. Five predictive algorithms (advanced perceptron, decision forest, logistic regression, neural network, and boosted decision tree) were utilized to predict overall morbidity given arrival (body weight, timing, gender) and feeding characteristics. The dataset was split into training (75%) and testing (25%) subsets. Algorithms were generated in Microsoft Azure and evaluated based on accuracy, sensitivity (Sn, the ability to accurately detect high morbidity pens), and specificity (Sp, the ability to accurately detect low morbidity pens). The decision forest had the highest Sp (97%) with the greatest ability to accurately identify low morbidity lots (103 of 106 identified correctly), but this model had low Sn (33%). The logistic regression and neural network had good Sn (both 63%) with the best ability to correctly identify high morbidity lots (15 of 24 correctly identified), but a decreased Sp (69 and 72%, respectively). Three models provided feature importance data demonstrating that percent change in feed delivery between days and over 4-d moving averages were of great importance. The most frequent variable with a high level of importance among models was the percent change from d 2 to 3 after arrival. In conclusion, feed delivery data during the first 15 d on feed was an important predictor of total pen-level morbidity.
4 Variation in Sow Body Temperature Following Weaning
Authors: Willard Naomi C , Moest Nicole K , Vande Pol Katherine D , Shull Caleb M , Pimpinella Rich , Grein Christoph , Ellis Michael 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
There is limited data available on variation in sow temperature following weaning. The objective of this study was to determine variation (diurnal and with day post-weaning) in rectal (RT) and vulva surface (VT) temperature following weaning. A cross-sectional survey was carried out using 114 multi-parous sows weaned in 7 groups between September and December. Sows were housed in individual stalls and were checked daily for standing reflex from d 4 to 8 post-weaning. Sow RT (measured with a standard thermometer) and VT (measured with an infrared thermal camera) were measured daily [at 06:15 (feeding time), 07:00, 07:30 (heat checking time), 09:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, 17:00, 19:00, 21:00, and 23:00]. A repeated-measures analysis was carried out using PROC MIXED of SAS; models included the fixed effect of either study day or measurement time, and random effect of group. The number of sows exhibiting standing reflex on d 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 post-weaning was 1, 45, 45, 19, 1, respectively; 3 sows did not exhibit standing reflex. Average VT and RT over the study period were 30.8 ± 3.23 and 38.2 ± 0.60°C, respectively; the correlation between these measurements was 0.08 (P &lt; 0.05). There was considerable day-to-day variation in average VT (range between day: 29.5 to 32.6°C) and to a lesser extent RT (range: 37.7 to 38.5°C). The VT was higher (P &lt; 0.05) on d 3 to 5 post-weaning compared with other days. Also, VT was higher (P &lt; 0.05) between 06:15 and 07:30 than at the other measurement times. There was no clear pattern for either day-to-day or diurnal variation in RT. In conclusion, this study described between-sow variation in RT and VT following weaning. Further research is needed to determine if any of this variation in temperature is associated with the onset of estrus.