bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereoisomeric Engineering of Aggregation-Induced Emission Photosensitizers towards Fungal Killing
Authors: Zhu Wenping , Li Ying , Guo Shaoxun , Guo Wu-Jie , Peng Tuokai , Li Hui , Liu Bin , Peng Hui-Qing , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The human health crisis caused by fungal infection is impending. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an alternative antifungal approach has garnered much interest due to its minimal side effects and negligible antifungal drug resistance. Herein, we develop stereoisomeric photosensitizers ((Z)- and (E)-TPE-EPy) by harnessing different spatial configurations of one molecule. They possess aggregation-induced emission characteristics and ROS, viz. 1O2 and O2−• generation capabilities that enable image-guided PDT. Also, the cationization of the photosensitizers realizes targeting of fungal mitochondria for antifungal PDT killing. Particularly, stereoisomeric engineering assisted by supramolecular assembly leads to enhanced fluorescence intensity and ROS generation efficiency of the stereoisomers due to the excited state energy flow from nonradiative decay to the fluorescence pathway and intersystem (ISC) process. As a result, the supramolecular assemblies based on (Z)- and (E)-TPE-EPy show dramatically lowered dark toxicity without sacrificing their significant phototoxicity in the photodynamic antifungal experiments. This study is the first demonstration of stereoisomeric engineering of aggregation-induced emission photosensitizers based on (Z)- and (E)-configurations.
Modeling Reference Evapotranspiration in the Arid and Humid Regions of Australia with Emotional Neural Networks
Authors: Hai Tao , Wang Kegang , Band Shahab S. , Bateni Sayed M. , Jun Changhyun , Sivandran Gajan , Thendiyath Roshni , Mirzania Ehsan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Reliable simulation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is critical for modeling many key hydrological processes that greatly influence water resources management. Significanat research effort hasbeen carried out to develop a suitable ETo modeling structure using various input combinations of hydro-climatic variables. Emotional Neural Network (ENN) is an efficient data-driven model that was recently implemented in hydrological studies. This study evaluates the efficiency of the proposed model to simulate the ETo time series in both daily and monthly time scales for dry and humid climatic conditions in Australia. For this purpose, the optimal lag for each time series was detected using the Average Mutual Information (AMI) method. The results of the ENN model were compared with those of conventional Support Vector Machine (SVM) models. . It is evident from the results that the developed ENN models performed better than the SVM models at the daily time scale in both sites. The superiority of ENN is due to the ability to capture and distinguish the extreme situations of daily data using hormonal parameters of Emotional Neural Network. Furthermore, the study shows that both ENN and SVM models can offer significant implications for improving the ETo modeling in both humid and arid sites.
Modified risk of breast cancer by dietary factors and HS3ST2 methylation
Authors: Li Liangliang , Gao Yu , Han Zhen , Du Jinghang , Yu Yue , Zhang Nannan , Long Zhiping , Cao Yukun , Wu Yi , Pei Bing , Ye Jingyu , Wang Fan , Wang Maoqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: DNA methylation, which has been demonstrated to be influenced by dietary factors, is associated with changes in breast cancer (BC) risk and clinicopathological features.Methods: A case-control study (271 newly diagnosed cases, 326 controls) was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary factors and HS3ST2 methylation in peripheral blood leukocyte DNA on the risk of BC. Moreover, a case-only study (298 cases) was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary factors on HS3ST2 methylation in tumor tissue and the relationship of methylation with clinicopathological features.Results: The dietary consumption of fruit, poultry, marine fish, milk, and pork and regular exercise was significantly associated with changes in the risk of BC. We also found a significant association between HS3ST2 hypermethylation and BC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.618, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.077–2.243). The combined effects of HS3ST2 hypermethylation and lower fruit intake (<500 vs. ≥500 g/week, OR = 2.553, 95% CI = 1.328–4.908), poultry (<1 vs. ≥1/week, OR = 3.197, 95% CI = 1.598– 6.385), marine fish (<1 vs. ≥1 time/month, OR = 4.272, 95% CI = 2.117–8.621), and milk (<3 vs. ≥3 times/week, OR = 6.072, 95% CI = 2.399–15.568) and irregular exercise (<1 vs. ≥1 time/week, OR = 4.149, 95% CI = 1.908–9.022) were significantly associated with an increased risk of BC. The consumption of canned meat was associated with the hypermethylation status of HS3ST2 in BC tissues (OR = 3.884, 95% CI = 1.078–13.991). HS3ST2 hypermethylation was significantly associated a basal-like status (vs. luminal A, OR = 1.981, 95% CI = 1.036–3.787) and estrogen receptor negativity (Negative vs. Positive, OR = 1.744, 95%CI = 1.053-2.887) in BC tissues and TNM stages II–IV (II–IV vs. I, OR = 1.692, 95% CI = 1.040–2.752) in peripheral blood leukocyte DNA. Conclusion: Maintaining healthy dietary habits is of great significance for preventing BC, especially for women with HS3ST2 hypermethylation.
Epstein-Barr virus and cryptococcus are more predominant pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid of people living with HIV with low CD4 + cell counts
Authors: Dai Fangfang , Zhang Lili , Lu Xinxin , Lou Jinli , Yu Yanhua , Chen Ming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the pathogen spectrum in central nervous system (CNS) of patients with HIV can provide early diagnosis and timely treatment.Methods: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and tuberculous bacillus (TB) DNA were measured by real time (RT)-PCR. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were used to test the antibodies to CMV and EBV, and the antigen to cryptococcus. The CSF was cultured for microorganisms. Results: The most common virus was EBV (29.3% positive detection rate) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), followed by CMV (6% positive detection rate). Interestingly, the positive rate of CMV-IgG antibody was 58.5% in CSF and 95.2% in plasma while the positive rate of CMV-IgM antibody was 2.4% in CSF and 14.3% in plasma. The positive rate of cryptococcal antigen was 27% in CSF and 43.6% in plasma. The total positive rate of pathogenic microbe culture in CSF was 21%, and the higher positive rate was related with the lower CD4+ cell count. Almost 96% positive cultured microbe in CSF were cryptococcus. Conclusions: These results suggest that EBV and cryptococcus were the most common pathogens in CNS of patients living with HIV, more attention need to be paid to the role of EBV and cryptococcus in AIDS progression.
Regulation of the bE and bW Genes in Sporisorium scitamineum using Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized with Carissa Spinarum Extract
Authors: Nkhabindze Bongani Z. , Ateka Elijah , Earnshaw Diana , Wanyika Harrison N. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Sugarcane smut is a disease that is caused by the fungus Sporisorium scitamineum. This is a disease of economic importance in the sugarcane industry because it can cause losses of up to 50%. Current management practices have shown to be ineffective in controlling the fungal disease and hence there is a need for the development of antifungal agents that are biocompatible, non-toxic, environmentally friendly and easy to develop. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles have been found to possess antimicrobial properties, and have not been explored in S. scitamineum. Results: The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Carissa spinarum yielded particles that were spherical, smooth and had a size range from 3nm to 33nm in size. Optimization of the mixtures using ultraviolet-visual spectroscopy (UV-Vis) showed peaks in the range of 340nm to 450nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis identified proteins to be essential capping agents and reducing sugars were responsible for the reduction of the silver nitrate to nanoparticles and stabilizing the nanoparticles. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles had the highest antifungal activity at 5mg/ml, while the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungal concentration were 78µg/ml. The in-vivo assays showed a significant (at P=0.05) reduction of the pathogen biomass concentration on the plants that were treated with the nanoparticles when compared to the control plants. The application of 58.5µg/ml of the b-AgNPs to the S. scitamineum resulted in a significant (P=0.05) increase in expression of the bE and bW genes, while the treatment with 39 µg/ml significantly (P=0.05) increased the expression of the bE gene, but had no significant (P=0.05) change in the expression of the bW gene. Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles that were synthesized successfully using C. spinarum crude extract inhibited the growth of S. scitamineum both in-vitro and in-vivo. The silver nanoparticles had a regulatory effect on the expression of the bE and bW genes in the fungus.
High frequency of upper respiratory tract infections is related to sleep disorders in sedentary adolescents: An epidemiological study
Authors: Saraiva Bruna Thamyres Ciccotti , Scarabottolo Catarina Covolo , Tebar William Rodrigues , Damato Tatiana Machado de Mattos , Delfino Leandro Dragueta , Diniz Tiego Aparecido , Christofaro Diego Giulliano Destro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Upper respiratory tract infections are associated with sleep disorders in adults and may also occur in younger populations. However, in Brazil, epidemiological studies with large samples are still necessary to verify this relationship. Methods: Analyze the relationship between upper respiratory tract infections with sleep disorders in sedentary adolescents. Setting: Cross-sectional study in Brazilian public university. Participants: A total of 1011 sedentary adolescents (10-17y) were evaluated, 454 boys and 557 girls. Measurements: The frequency of upper respiratory tract infections (sore throat, cough, sneezing, runny nose, and colds), as well as sleep disorders and sociodemographic variables were assessed using a questionnaire. Results: There was a significant relationship between sore throat (Odds Ratio=2.33), cough (Odds Ratio=2.84), sneezing (Odds Ratio=2.23), coryza (Odds Ratio=2.04), and colds (Odds Ratio=1.67) with sleep disorders, regardless of adjusted variables (sex, age, and socioeconomic status). When analyzing the aggregation of upper respiratory tract infections simultaneously, adolescents with two (Odds Ratio=3.57), three (Odds Ratio=3.02), and ≥four (Odds Ratio=3.77) infections at a time were more likely to have sleep disorders. Conclusion: Upper respiratory tract infections were associated with sleep disorders in a large sample of sedentary adolescents. The chances of having sleep disorders increase when upper respiratory tract infections occur simultaneously.
A risk prediction model Construction as an Independent Disease-Free Prognostic Indicator for Seminoma by Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Chen Chunfa , YI Zhifeng , di yu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) are significant in directing different genes’ expression and their phenotype in different types of cancers. On the other hand, the function of m6A in seminomatous germ cell tumors (SGCT) is still unexplored. Our research attempts to demonstrate the disease-free prognosis value of m6A RNA methylation regulators in SGCT.
Methods
The gene expression and accompanying clinical data of 65 SGCT tissues and 85 NSGCT tissues retrieved from the TCGA database were analyzed. A series of R packages were applied for our study.
Results
The landscape of m6A RNA methylation regulators in SGCT was displayed. All SGCT patients were grouped into two clusters by consensus clustering of m6A RNA methylation regulators, and the clusters were connected to the disease-free prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of SGCT(p = 0.015). Furthermore, the risk score(1.52YTHDC1 + 2.22HNRNPC-2.735WTAP) model was obtained and constructed by the univariate Cox regression analysis, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. The risk score was interrelated with stage status and laterality status of SGCT. Under the same conditions, the right side may have a higher risk score than the left one. More significantly, the risk score can serve as an self-supporting disease-free prognostic marker for SGCT patients.
Conclusions
m6A RNA methylation regulators played an important role of SGCT in its disease-free survival prognosis.
Nanonitrator: novel enhancer of inorganic nitrate’s protective effects, predicated on deep learning approach
Authors: Pan Wen , Hu Geng , Li Shaorong , Li Guoqing , Feng Xiaoyu , Wu Zhifang , Jin Hua , Sun Guangyong , Zhang Dong , Qin Lizheng , Wang Xue , Hu Liang , Xu Junji , Hu Lei , Jia Yijiang , Wang Jingsong , Zhang Chunmei , Li Wenbin , Zhou Jian , Wang Xiaogang , Wang Yuji , Wang Songlin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Inorganic nitrate is an indispensable nutrient, which has been used in experimental studies on the prevention and treatment of several diseases. However, its short half-life limits inorganic nitrate’s clinical application. To increase nitrate’s usability and overcome the challenges of traditional combination drug discovery through large-scale high-throughput biological experiments, we developed our deep learning–based combination drug prediction system, which identified vitamin C as the drug of choice to be combined with nitrate. Employing microencapsulation technology, we used vitamin C, sodium nitrate, and chitosan 3000 as the core material to prepare a nitrate nanoparticle, which we named Nanonitrator. The long-circulating delivery of nitrate by Nanonitrator significantly increased the efficacy and effect duration of nitrate in two animal models of injury, without compromising safety. Moreover, Nanonitrator at the same dose could better maintain intracellular homeostasis than nitrate (with or without vitamin C), emphasizing its potential for clinical use. More importantly, our work provides a method for the incorporation of inorganic compounds into sustained-release nanoparticles.
Towards more integrated Medical Information Systems: How HIS and MIS hand in hand will be able to be beneficial increasingly?
Authors: Azadi Ali , Peñalvo Francisco J. García 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nowadays according to the intention of many hospitals and medical centers to computerize their processes and medical treatments including data forms and medical images which are generating a huge amount of data, IT specialists and data scientists who are oriented to eHealth and related issues know the importance of data integrity and its benefits. This study attempts to indicate the significance of data integrity, especially in medical information systems. It means that the medical sub-systems in HIS (Hospital Information System) must be integrated and it is also necessary to unify with MIS (Management Information System). In this paper accuracy level of the extracted reports from the Information System (to evaluate the staff’s performance) in two ways has been measured: 1- At first, the performance of the clinic reception staff will be evaluated. In this way, the personnel attendance system is an independent and separated software, and the mentioned evaluation has been done by its report. 2- Next year in the same location precisely the same evaluation has been done based on the data extracted from the personnel attendance sub-system which has been added to the medical information system as an integrated information system. After comparing the accuracy level of both ways, this paper concludes that when the personnel attendance sub-system as a part of MIS has been unified with HIS and its sub-systems, how much the reports and consequently management decisions will be more accurate and more reliable and therefore the managers and decision-makers will perceive the importance of data integrity more than the past.
Conventional and afterload-adjusted measurements of left ventricular ejection fraction and velocity-time integral in assessing septic cardiomyopathy; a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Spathoulas Konstantinos , Tsolaki Vasiliki , Zakynthinos George E. , Makris Demosthenes , Zakynthinos Epaminondas , Papanikolaou John 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The role of echocardiography in septic shock is still problematic, since depressed cardiac afterload may overestimate left ventricular (LV) systolic performance and mask septic cardiomyopathy (SC). We hypothesized that afterload-adjusted LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV outflow tract velocity-time integral (VTI) values for given systemic vascular resistances (SVR) could provide novel insights into recognizing and stratifying the severity of SC.Methods: In this observational, one-center study, 14 mechanically-ventilated septic-shock patients having a PiCCO system in place for hemodynamic monitoring were prospectively included. Echocardiographic and PiCCO longitudinal examinations (71 pairs overall) were performed simultaneously at the onset of septic shock and every 12 hours for 60 hours overall. Results: VTI-derived stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were significantly correlated with PiCCO measurements (r≥0.993, both P<0.001). LVEF and VTI showed linear and exponential inverse correlation to SVR (R2=0.183;0.507, P<0.001;<0.001), respectively. The equations LVEF=86.168-0.011*SVR and VTI=41.23*e(-0.0005*SVR) were found to provide “predicted” values for given SVR. Measured to predicted (for given SVR) LVEF ratios (afterload-adjusted LVEF) defined the severity of SC (mild≥90%, 80%≤moderate<90% and severe<80%). Mortality in severe, moderate and mild SC was 25%, 0%, and 60%, respectively (P=0.108). Moderate SC was distinguished from severe SC by markedly higher LVEF, LV end-diastolic volume, VTI, SV, CO but significantly lower SVR (all P<0.05). LVEF and VTI decreased over-time in mild SC, LVEF decreased in moderate SC, while LVEF and VTI increased over-time in severe SC (P≤0.038). LVEF and VTI demonstrated significant performance in identifying severe SC [cut-off<61.5%, area under the curve (AUC)=1±0.0, sensitivity/specificity=100/100, P<0.001; cut-off<17.9cm, AUC=0.882±0.042, sensitivity/specificity=80/77, P<0.001, respectively], while VTI in identifying SVR<800dynes.sec.cm-5 and SVR>1500dynes.sec.cm-5 (cut-off>21.6cm, AUC=0.889±0.049, sensitivity/specificity=83/79, P<0.001; cut-off<16.8, AUC=0.0.857±0.082, sensitivity/specificity=83/86, P=0.002, respectively).Conclusions: Our study may suggest that LVEF and VTI assessment and adjustment to corresponding SVR may provide valuable insights for the comprehension of SC phenotypes, underlying vasoplegia and cardiac output fluctuations in septic shock. Clinical Trial Registration: Non-applicable
High performance adsorption of diesel fuel by enhanced hydrophobicity biochar-based adsorbents: Equilibrium, kinetic study and experimental design
Authors: Samanian Reza , Alijani Hassan , Pourreza Nahid 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The diesel fuel hydrocarbon prevents the growth of a lot of microorganisms in the wastewater and causes massive loss of aquatic life. Removal of diesel fuel from water can be very difficult and have environmental impacts. In this study, four different biochar-based magnetic adsorbents biochar/Fe3O4 (BC/Fe3O4), ethylamine functionalized-biochar/Fe3O4 (E-BC/Fe3O4), butylamine functionalized-biochar/Fe3O4 (B-BC/Fe3O4) and octylamine functionalized-biochar/Fe3O4 (O-BC/Fe3O4) were synthesized and characterized for diesel fuel adsorption from water. The Response Surface Methodology-Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize adsorption key factors like dosage of adsorbent, mixture pH and contact time. Addition of alkyl amine groups made the biochar resistant to adsorption of water and enhanced the hydrophobicity of biochar. Modification of the biochar surface by alkyl amine groups can improve the adsorption properties of the biochar with increasing the surface area and hydrophobicity of the adsorbents, which led to an enhancement in the adsorption capacity. An increase in carbon chain length led to an increase in the adsorption efficiency of diesel fuel. The adsorption capacity for the O-BC/Fe3O4 adsorbent was very high value and it was six times higher than that of the BC/Fe3O4 adsorbent. Also, magnetization by nanoparticles of Fe3O4 deposition onto biochar allows the recovery of the adsorbents via an external magnetic field. Kinetically, the experimental results of adsorption well fitted the second-order model, also results revealed that all adsorbents followed Friendlich isotherm model. The maximum capacities for O-BC/Fe3O4, B-BC/Fe3O4, E-BC/Fe3O4 adsorbents were 1921.8, 6750, 11250 and 14531.3 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, thermodynamic study indicated that adsorption on the all adsorbent was spontaneous and the values of enthalpy as well as entropy were positive.
Safety and efficacy of combined sedation with dexmedetomidine and midazolam for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients over 80 years of age
Authors: Takayanagi Takuya , Sakamoto Yasunari , Kato Takayuki , Tomeno Wataru , Itoh Hideki , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using a combination of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and midazolam (MDZ) for sedation in patients over 80 years of age during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).Methods: Thirty-two patients over 80 years of age who were scheduled to undergo ERCP from June 2020 to February 2021 at the International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital were included. Seventeen patients who received DEX + MDZ for sedation during ERCP were compared with a historical control group (patients who received MDZ alone). In addition, the safety and efficacy of sedation were evaluated using between-group comparisons.Results: The MDZ dose required in the DEX + MDZ group was significantly lower than in the historical control group (8.5 mg vs. 18 mg, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in respiratory depression between the two groups (0% vs. 6.9%, p=0.585). During and after the examination, the minimum systolic blood pressure and minimum heart rate were significantly lower in the DEX + MDZ group than in the historical control group. However, serious complications were not observed.Conclusions: The results indicate that the DEX + MDZ combination is potentially safe and effective in sedating the elderly and does not cause serious complications.