bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Yogic Interventions on Patients Diagnosed With Cardiac Diseases. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kalra Sheetal , Miraj Mohammad , Ajmera Puneeta , Shaik Riyaz Ahamad , Seyam Mohamed K. , Shawky Ghada M. , Alasiry Sharifa M. , Mohamed Elsayed H. , Alasiri Hatim M. , Alzhrani Msaad , Alanazi Ahmad , Alqahtani Mazen , Shaikh Abdul Raheem , Al-Otaibi Mohammad Lafi , Saleem Shakir , Pal Sajjan , Jain Vineet , Ahmad Fuzail 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivePresently, evidence-based research studies on the efficacy of complimentary therapies like yoga for patients with different cardiac diseases are limited and conflicting. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on yogic interventions compared with usual care or non-pharmacological treatment in patients diagnosed with cardiac diseases.MethodsWe conducted an electronic search of literature published from 2006 to May 2021 through five databases. PRISMA statement was used to develop and report a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Sixteen RCTs were included in the systematic review and 11 RCTs were used for meta-analysis. Outcome measures were blood pressure, lipid profile, and psychosocial measures. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess bias risk.ResultsThe results show that yogic interventions resulted in significant reduction in systolic (d = 046; 95% CI.08–0.84; I2 = 81.86%) and diastolic blood pressures (d = 0.56; 95% CI.13–0.99, I2 = 84.84%). A medium statistically significant increase in HDL (d =0.67; 95% CI 0 to 1.33; I2 79.7%) and a low but significant effect on LDL (d = 0.23; 95% CI −0.08–0.54; I2 32.61%), total cholesterol (d =0.28; 95% CI −0.14–0.7; I2 63.72%), and triglycerides (d = 0.43; 95% CI −0.1–0.97; I2 76.64%) were observed. Pooled effect sizes showed a medium to low statistically significant effect on psychosocial indicators viz., QoL, stress, anxiety, and depression.ConclusionThe meta-analysis found strong evidence of effectiveness of yogic interventions on lipid profile, blood pressure, and psychosocial outcomes in patients with diagnosed cardiac diseases.
The long-term clinical outcomes of intravascular ultrasound-guided versus angiography-guided coronary drug eluting stent implantation in long de novo coronary lesions: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Shen , Liang Changzai , Wang Yue , Sun Shuaifeng , Wang Yue , Suo Min , Ye Maomao , Li Xinjian , Liu Xinyan , Zhang Meng , Wu Xiaofan 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundNo meta-analysis has been conducted to compare the long-term clinical outcomes of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided versus angiographic-guided drug-eluting stent implantation in patients with long de novo coronary lesions. We attempted to compare the efficacy and safety of IVUS guidance versus angiography guidance in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for long de novo coronary lesions.Materials and MethodsWe performed a detailed meta-analysis from four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one observational study to compare long outcomes of IVUS versus angiography in guiding coronary stent implantation with long de novo coronary lesions defined as coronary stenosis which need stent implantation &gt;28 mm in length. Data were aggregated for the endpoints measure using the fixed-effects model as pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Clinical outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all revascularization, including target lesion revascularization (TLR) and target vessel revascularization (TVR), all myocardial infarction (MI), all-cause death, and stent thrombosis (ST). Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched.ResultsFour RCTs and one observational study were included in our study with 3,349 patients (IVUS guidance = 1,708; Angiography guidance = 1,641). With mean follow-up of 2 years, the incidence of MACE, all myocardial infarction, all revascularization and stent thrombosis were significantly lower in IVUS-guided DES implantation of patients with long de novo coronary lesions than in angiography-guided patients; MACE [OR 0.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.29–0.58; p &lt; 0.00001], all myocardial infarction (OR 0.23; 95% CI, 0.09–0.58; p = 0.002), all revascularization (OR 0.48; 95% CI, 0.36–0.66; p &lt; 0.00001), stent thrombosis (OR 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11–0.89; p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the two groups (OR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.55–1.23; p = 0.34).ConclusionDuring mean follow-up of 2 years, the incidence of MACE, stent thrombosis, all myocardial infarction and revascularization in patients with long de novo coronary lesions under IVUS-guided PCI were significantly lower than angiography-guided PCI, and there were no statistically significant differences in all-cause mortality.
Treatment patterns and use of healthcare resources of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and hypercholesterolemia and patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in Spain: Protocol of the Reality study
Authors: Barrios Vivencio , Castellanos Mar , Campuzano Ruiz Raquel , Gómez Cerezo Jorge Francisco , Egocheaga Cabello Isabel , Gámez José M. , Martínez López Icíar , Mostaza José María , Morant Talamante Nuria , Parrondo Javier , Sicras Navarro Aram , Pérez Román Inés , Sicras-Mainar Antoni , Pallarés-Carratalá Vicente 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) and dyslipidemia are associated to a higher risk of cardiovascular events, mortality, use of healthcare resources and costs. In Spain, the evidence about the administration of lipid-lowering treatments in clinical practice, and their clinical effectiveness in patients with ASCVD and hypercholesterolemia and patients with FH is scarce. Therefore, a multidisciplinary working group of cardiologists, family physicians, internal medicine specialists and neurologists was gathered for the Reality study. The aim of this study is to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and concomitant medication of patients with ASCVD and hypercholesterolemia and of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The use of healthcare resources and costs associated to the management of these diseases after their diagnosis were also considered.MethodsThis is an observational and retrospective study, based on the BIG-PAC® database, which includes the electronic medical registries (EMRs) of 1.8 million people from 7 Autonomous Communities in Spain (including public primary care centers and hospitals). The study includes patients who had a new or recurrent episode of ASCVD during the recruitment period (from 01/01/2017 to 31/12/2018). The index date will be defined as the date of the ASCVD event, and the follow-up period will be 24 months. According to their first diagnosis in the database, patients will be classified as ASCVD (5 groups: stable/unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, and peripheral arterial disease) or FH.DiscussionThis study aims to analyze the treatment patterns and use of healthcare resources of ASCVD and FH in Spain. The prevalence of these disorders will also be estimated. Due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases, it is expected that our study will provide useful information for healthcare systems and decision makers to improve the management of these disabling diseases.
Using document analysis to revise competency frameworks: Perspectives from the revision of competency standards for dietitians
Authors: Allen Louise M. , Palermo Claire 
Published: August 2022

Introduction/ObjectiveIn resource poor environments, low cost methods are needed to review competency standards to ensure they remain reflective of the current health workforce. This study aims to show how document analysis can be used to inform the revision of competency frameworks and standards.MethodsAltheide and Schneider's document analysis was modified to revise the National Competency Standards for Dietitians in Australia. This involved an eight-step process: (i) define the goal, (ii) identify documents for analysis, (iii) choose the analysis approach, (iv) engage with the documents and perform the analysis, (v) draft revisions, (vi) stakeholder engagement, (vii) final revisions, (viii) dissemination. Documents were sought through a combination of literature searches, review of document databases, and targeted document sourcing for documents relevant to contemporary dietetic practice. Framework analysis was used to analyse the data, with the thematic framework including four categories: (i) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, (ii) Consumer perspectives, (iii) Contemporary and future dietetic roles, and (iv) Contemporary wording and structure of competency. All included documents were indexed and charted which informed revisions to the standards.ResultsSixty-seven documents were reviewed. Four new competency standards were added to address the skills and attributes required of dietitians to work effectively with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. One competency standard was modified to include an individualized approach as this was deemed important by consumers but not previously included in the standards. The revised standards also place greater emphasis on dietitian's role in teaching and learning. In addition, there are now multiple standards that refer to advocacy, sustainability is referenced multiple times, a new standard specific to advanced care planning has been included, and their structure and wording was revised to ensure it was contemporary.ConclusionUsing document analysis to revise competency standards offers an efficient and low-cost method to update competency standards in a resource poor environment. This addresses a key issue with competency standards where unless revised frequently they can become rapidly out of date. Further research is needed to learn if document analysis can be used as a method to create rather than revise competency standards.
Emergency hospitalization caused by non-COVID-19 respiratory diseases before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Liu Qi , Lin Bingcao , Zhu Changju , Hu Jianping 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as well as the subsequent prevention and control measures is like a quasi-experiment intervention that might have changed the features of emergency hospitalizations. Mortality is high in patient hospitalization due to emergency respiratory diseases (ERD). Therefore, we compared the characteristics of these patients before and during the pandemic. Exploring this issue might contribute to decision-making of emergency management when most of the resources and attention has been devoted to combat COVID-19.MethodsThis study was a retrospective observational cohort study. All emergency hospitalizations due to ERD from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020 in a tertiary hospital in China were included. Data including patients’ age, sex, and clinical outcomes were extracted. Air quality was collected from the official online platform. Clinical characteristics were compared and odds ratios were calculated.ResultsThe ERD hospitalization rate was lower in 2020 than in 2019 (6.4 vs. 4.3%, χ2 = 55.449, P = 0.000) with a 50.65% reduction; however, the patients were older in 2020 than in 2019 (P = 0.000) with a higher proportion of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) (46 vs. 33.5%, χ2 = 20.423, P = 0.000) and a longer ICU stay (P = 0.000). The overall intubation rate, hospital mortality, and rate of discharge due to ineffective treatment in 2020 were higher than those in 2019 (15.6 vs. 8%, χ2 = 18.578, P = 0.000; 4.2 vs. 1.1%, χ2 = 4.122, P = 0.000; 5.5 vs. 2.4%, χ2 = 8.93, P = 0.000, respectively). The logistic regression analysis indicated hospitalizations due to ERD were mainly associated with PM2.5 and sulfur dioxide on the day, and on the 4th and 5th days before admission (P = 0.034 and 0.020, 0.021 and 0.000, 0.028, and 0.027, respectively) in 2019. However, in 2020, the relationship between parameters of air quality and hospitalization changed.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic has changed the characteristics of emergency hospitalization due to ERD with a larger proportion of severe patients and poorer prognosis. The effect of air quality on emergencies were weakened. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to pay more attention to the non-COVID-19 emergency patients.
Sex differences in comorbidities associated with Sjögren's disease
Authors: Bruno Katelyn A. , Morales-Lara Andrea Carolina , Bittencourt Edsel B. , Siddiqui Habeeba , Bommarito Gabriella , Patel Jenil , Sousou John M. , Salomon Gary R. , Paloka Rinald , Watford Shelby T. , Hodge David O. , Lieberman Scott M. , Rozen Todd D. , Atwal Paldeep S. , Dorsher Peter T. , Seim Lynsey A. , Fairweather DeLisa 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundLittle is known about the association of comorbidities with sex and age at diagnosis in Sjögren's disease. We tested the hypothesis that sex differences occur in comorbidities in patients with Sjögren's disease.MethodsPatients with Sjögren's disease were identified from 11/1974 to 7/2018 in the Mayo Clinic electronic medical record and assessed for 22 comorbidities according to sex and age at diagnosis.ResultsOf the 13,849 patients identified with Sjögren's disease, 11,969 (86%) were women and 1,880 (14%) men, primarily white (88%) with a sex ratio of 6.4:1 women to men. The mean age at diagnosis was 57 years for women and 59.7 years for men, and 5.6% had a diagnosis of fibromyalgia at Sjögren's diagnosis. Men with Sjögren's disease were more likely than women to be a current or past smoker. The average time to diagnosis of comorbidities after diagnosis of Sjögren's disease was 2.6 years. The top comorbidities in patients with Sjögren's disease were fibromyalgia (25%), depression (21.2%) and pain (16.4%). Comorbidities that occurred more often in women were hypermobile syndromes (31:1), CREST (29:1), migraine (23:1), Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) (22:1), Raynaud's syndrome (15:1), SLE (13:1), systemic sclerosis (SSc) (13:1), and fibromyalgia (12:1). Women with Sjögren's disease were at increased risk of developing hypermobile syndromes (RR 7.27, CI 1.00–52.71, p = 0.05), EDS (RR 4.43, CI 1.08–18.14, p = 0.039), CREST (RR 4.24, CI 1.56–11.50, p = 0.005), migraine (RR 3.67, CI 2.39–5.62, p &lt; 0.001), fibromyalgia (RR 2.26, CI 1.92–2.66, p &lt; 0.001), Raynaud's syndrome (RR 2.29, CI 1.77–2.96, p &lt; 0.001), SLE (RR 2.13, CI 1.64–2.76, p &lt; 0.001), and SSc (RR 2.05 CI 1.44–2.92; p &lt; 0.001). In contrast, men with Sjögren's were at increased risk for developing myocardial infarction (RR 0.44, CI 0.35–0.55, p &lt; 0.001), atherosclerosis/CAD (RR 0.44, CI 0.39–0.49, p &lt; 0.001), cardiomyopathy (RR 0.63, CI 0.46–0.86, p = 0.003), stroke (RR 0.66 CI 0.51–0.85, p = 0.001), and congestive heart failure (RR 0.70, CI 0.57–0.85, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe top comorbidities in Sjögren's disease were fibromyalgia, depression, and pain. Women with Sjögren's disease had a higher relative risk of developing fibromyalgia, depression, pain, migraine, hypermobile syndrome, EDS and other rheumatic autoimmune diseases. Men with Sjögren's disease had higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
Ethnic differences in preterm birth in Southwest China, 2014-2018: A population-based observational study
Authors: Cao Guiying , Yuan Yanling , Kong Cai , Liu Jue , Liu Min , Ye Hanfeng 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivePreterm birth is a major healthcare problem and has been rising gradually in the past three decades in China. Yet the ethnic differences in the rates and distributions of preterm birth remain largely unknown in China. This study used data from Yunnan, a multiethnic province, to explore the differences in preterm birth across ethnicities.MethodsA population-based observational study was conducted based on data from the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project in rural Yunnan from Jan 1, 2014 to Dec 31, 2018. Pregnancies with at least one livebirth were included in this study. We estimated the rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall preterm birth (born &lt; 37 weeks’ gestation), moderate to late preterm birth (born between 32 and &lt;37 weeks’ gestation), very preterm birth (born between 28 and 31 weeks’ gestation), and extremely preterm birth (born &lt; 28 weeks’ gestation) across maternal ethnicity and compared them using log-binomial regressions. Multivariable log-binomial regressions were used to assess the association between maternal ethnicity and preterm birth with adjustment for potential confounders, including year of delivery, maternal age at delivery, education, occupation, pre-pregnancy body mass index, history of chronic disease, history of preterm birth, smoking and drinking alcohol during early pregnancy, and parity and multiple pregnancy of current pregnancy.ResultsAmong 195,325 women who delivered at least one live baby, 7.90% (95% CI, 7.78–8.02%) were born preterm. The rates of moderate to late preterm birth, very preterm birth, and extremely preterm birth were 6.20% (95% CI, 6.09–6.30%), 1.18% (95% CI, 1.13–1.23%), and 0.52% (95% CI, 0.49–0.56%), respectively. The rates of overall preterm birth, moderate to late preterm birth, very preterm birth, and extremely preterm birth differed across maternal ethnicity. The preterm birth rates in Dai (10.73%), Miao (13.23%), Lisu (12.64%), Zhuang (11.77%), Wa (10.52%), and Lagu (12.34%) women were significantly higher than that in Han women, and the adjusted relative risks were 1.45 [95% CI, 1.36, 1.54], 1.74 (95% CI, 1.62, 1.86), 1.60 (95% CI, 1.47, 1.75), 1.60 (95% CI, 1.46, 1.75), 1.40 (95% CI, 1.22, 1.60), and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.50, 1.87) respectively. There was no difference in preterm birth rate between Han women and Hani, Bai, or Hui women.ConclusionThis study found notable differences in the rates of preterm birth and its sub-categories across maternal ethnicities, which were especially higher in ethnic minority women. The findings suggest that greater efforts to reduce ethnic inequalities in preterm birth. Future studies are warranted to understand the drivers of ethnic inequalities in preterm birth in China.
Association between phase angle and coronary artery calcium score in patients on peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Reis Fabricio Moreira , da Silva Maryanne Zilli Canedo , Reis Nayrana Soares do Carmo , Costa Fabiana Lourenço , da Silveira Caroline Ferreira da Silva Mazeto Pupo , Barretti Pasqual , Martin Luis Cuadrado , Bazan Silméia Garcia Zanati 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionThe phase angle (PhA) has been used as a nutritional marker and predictor of mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The coronary artery calcium (CAC) score has shown to predict the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular disease in these patients. However, the association between PhA and CAC score in patients with PD is not well-established, which is the objective of this study.Materials and methodsCross-sectional study with patients on PD, followed up at a University Hospital, between March 2018 and August 2019. PhA was evaluated by unifrequency bioimpedance (BIA). The CAC score was calculated based on cardiovascular computed tomography, considering positive when greater than or equal to 100 Agatston and negative when less than 100 Agatston.ResultsWe evaluated 44 patients on dialysis, with a mean age of 56 years and median time on dialysis therapy was 11.7 months. In the statistical analysis, a significant association was only observed between the CAC score and the PhA.ConclusionThe PhA is associated with a positive CAC score in patients with PD, and despite other factors, may be useful as a risk marker for coronary artery disease in this population.
Dietary intake and lifestyle practices of eastern mediterranean postpartum women before and during COVID-19 pandemic: An internet-based cross-sectional survey
Authors: Tayyem Reema , Al-Bayyari Nahla , Al-Awwad Narmeen , Abuhijleh Haya , Hoteit Reem , Qasrawi Radwan , Badran Eman , Basha Asma , Allehdan Sabika , Boukari Khlood , Arrish Jamila , Seir Rania Abu , Hoteit Maha 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundDuring the lockdown period, a substantial group of these women reported lifestyle changes.AimThe aim of the study is to characterize the dietary patterns, intake and the adherence to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) pregnancy guidelines before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Mediterranean postartum women.MethodsAn internet-based cross-sectional survey was used to collect the data. The survey was carried out among 1,939 postpartum women from five countries from the Eastern Mediterranean region. Change in dietary intake from the five food groups and the adherence to USDA's daily recommendations were assessed.FindingsThere was a significant increase in the mean (SD) consumption of all the food groups, including bread, rice, and other cereals, fruits, vegetables, milk and milk products, white and red meat, and nuts during the pandemic. Around 84% of participants reported no/low adherence (0–2) to USDA guidelines, whereas only 15% reported moderate or high adherence (3–5) to the guidelines before the pandemic. However, there was an increase in the proportion of subjects reporting moderate/high adherence (22%) during the pandemic.Discussion and conclusionsA substantial proportion of our study participants reported a lower dietary intake than the recommended amounts, and low adherence to the five food groups. Reasonable and applicable actions should be taken to protect postpartum women and their children from the effects of low dietary intake, particularly during pandemics and lockdowns. More researches are needed to identify the modifiable factors which could improve the nutritional status of the postpartum women during the pandemic.