bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating and modeling the dynamics of long ties
Authors: Lyu Ding , Yuan Yuan , Wang Lin , Wang Xiaofan , Pentland Alex 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLong ties, the social ties that bridge different communities, are widely believed to play crucial roles in spreading novel information in social networks. However, some existing network theories and prediction models indicate that long ties might dissolve quickly or eventually become redundant, thus putting into question the long-term value of long ties. Our empirical analysis of real-world dynamic networks shows that contrary to such reasoning, long ties are more likely to persist than other social ties, and that many of them constantly function as social bridges without being embedded in local networks. Using a cost-benefit analysis model combined with machine learning, we show that long ties are highly beneficial, which instinctively motivates people to expend extra effort to maintain them. This partly explains why long ties are more persistent than what has been suggested by many existing theories and models. Overall, our study suggests the need for social interventions that can promote the formation of long ties, such as mixing people with diverse backgrounds.
Synthesis, self-assembly and biolabeling of perylene diimide-tyrosine alkyl amide based amphiphiles: nanomolar detection of AOT surfactant
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Sharma Neha , Kaur Satwinderjeet , Singh Prabhpreet 
Published: April 2022

Perylene diimide-tyrosine alkyl amide based amphiphiles were synthesized and characterized. PDI 3a showed ‘beehive’ nanostructure and applied for biolabeling of MG-63 live cells. PDI 3b can be used for NIR detection of anionic surfactant.
DEMVSNet: Denoising and depth inference for unstructured multi‐view stereo on noised images
Authors: Han Jiawei , Chen Xiaomei , Zhang Yongtian , Hou Weimin , Hu Zibo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMost deep‐learning‐based multi‐view stereo series studies are concerned with improving the depth prediction accuracy of noise‐free images. However, it is difficult to obtain off‐the‐set clean images in practice and 3D convolutional neural networks require a lot of computing resources. To make full use of its computing power, different types of information can be processed simultaneously in the network. For these two issues, this paper proposes a novel multi‐stage network architecture to address depth inference and denoising simultaneously. Specifically, 2D feature maps are first converted into 3D cost volumes containing pixel information and depth information through differentiable homography and Gaussian probability mapping. Then, the cost volume is input into the regularisation module in each network stage to obtain the predicted probability volumes. Furthermore, simple static weights lead to training failure, and it is necessary to dynamically adjust the loss function by gradient normalisation. The proposed method can dispose of pixel information and depth information simultaneously and both reach an excellent level. Extensive experimental results show that the authors’ work surpasses the state‐of‐the‐art denoising on the DTU dataset (adding Gaussian–Poisson noise) and is more robust to noise images in depth inference.
Sectored LEACH (S‐LEACH): An enhanced LEACH for wireless sensor network
Authors: Mohammed Fadwa Abdul_Bari , Mekky Nagham , Suleiman Hassan Hussein , Hikal Noha Ahmed 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDue to the importance and the need of wireless sensor networks in several applications, lots of research has been carried out. The utmost challenging issue is regarding the energy depletion of the network such that reducing the consumed energy leads to extending the network lifetime. The most popular routing algorithm for that purpose is LEACH. Regrettably, it has some limitations, and this work produces Sectored‐LEACH, which proposes solutions for these limitations. The main idea is about splitting the communication area into sectors to decrease the transmission distance, hence reducing the overall consumed energy. Results show a decrease in the total consumed energy, an increment in the network lifetime compared with the original LEACH and other four algorithms Q‐LEACH, I‐LEACH, RCH‐LEACH and ME‐LEACH. S‐LEACH has the best results regarding the comparison of performance metrics parameters.
Sub-surface stratification and dielectric permittivity distribution at the Chang’E-4 landing site revealed by the lunar penetrating radar
Authors: Chen Ruonan , Xu Yi , Xie Minggang , Zhang Ling , Niu Shengli , Bugiolacchi Roberto 
Published: April 2022

Context.In 2019, China’s Chang’E-4 (CE-4) probe landed on the far side of the Moon: a first in lunar exploration. The Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) mounted on the Yutu-2 rover allows the mapping of the near-surface structure and the dielectric permittivity of the landing area. The dielectric properties of the lunar soil affect the propagation of the LPR signals, which can be used to infer the depth of sub-surface boundaries and derive the composition of the component materials.Aims.Our objectives are to estimate the fine-resolution spatial distribution of relative permittivity and to improve the interpretation of the geological processes combined with the radargram of the CE-4 landing area.Methods.We used a modified method that combines the F-K migration and the minimum entropy of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals to estimate the velocity and permittivity values; this has the advantage of obtaining the appropriate velocity and permittivity, even with the incomplete or unnoticeable hyperbolic curves in the radar imageResults.The sub-surface stratification of the CE-4 landing area is seen in the first 31 lunar days of the LPR data. A fine-resolution dielectric permittivity profile ranging from ~2.3 to ~6.3 is obtained with our method, and the actual depths of the observed prominent sub-surface interfaces are determined, giving a maximum average depth of ~38 m. The thickness of the regolith layer is in the range of ~5.7–15.6 m, with an average of 11.8 m. The permittivity of the near-surface regolith (<30 cm) is ~2.78 ± 0.01, the bulk density is 1.57 ± 0.01 g cm−3, which is close to the results of ~1.61 g cm−3at the Apollo 15 landing area. The permittivity map is consistent with the radargram; the regolith and the paleo-regolith layer have relatively low permittivity and low echo strengths, while the rock debris has high permittivity and shows strong echos in the radargram. Two buried craters of different diameters beneath the navigation sites 4–11 and 16–31 are revealed in the radar profile. The permittivity distribution map can show detailed variations of material properties both inside and outside craters.
White Paper – Verbesserung der Versorgungs- und Behandlungsangebote für Menschen mit Sepsis- und Infektionsfolgen
Authors: Fleischmann-Struzek Carolin , Rose Norman , Born Sebastian , Freytag Antje , Ditscheid Bianka , Storch Josephine , Schettler Anna , Schlattmann Peter , Wedekind Lisa , Pletz Mathias W. , Sänger Sylvia , Brunsmann Frank , Oehmichen Frank , Apfelbacher Christian , Drewitz Karl-Philipp , Piedmont Silke , Denke Claudia , Vollmar Horst C. , Schmidt Konrad , Landgraf Irmgard , Bodechtel Ulf , Trumann Arne , Hecker Ruth , Reinhart Konrad , Hartog Christiane S. 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungHunderttausende Menschen mit Sepsis- und Infektionsfolgen werden derzeit in Deutschland nicht optimal versorgt. Dieses White Paper stellt Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Versorgung vor, die von einer multidisziplinären Expertengruppe im Rahmen des Innovationsfonds-Projektes SEPFROK erarbeitet wurden. Eine optimale Versorgung beruht auf 4 Säulen: 1. der sektorenübergreifenden Erfassung der Folgen und einem strukturierten Entlass- und Überleitungsmanagement, 2. einem gezielten Angebot von interdisziplinärer Rehabilitation- und Nachsorge mit struktureller Unterstützung, 3. der Stärkung der spezifischen Gesundheitskompetenz von Betroffenen und Angehörigen und 4. der Intensivierung der Forschung zu Ursachen, Prävention und Therapie der Folgen. Hierfür müssen entsprechende sektorenübergreifende Versorgungsstrukturen und sozialrechtliche Rahmenbedingungen geschaffen werden.
Helical Amide Derivatives: Synthesis by Insertion of Aliphatic ­Primary Amines into Benzo-Fused 2,2′-Diphenoquinones and Dia­stereomeric Resolution
Authors: Hossain Md. Sharif , Karikomi Michinori , Akter Mahmuda , Kurihara Takashi , Iimura Ken-ichi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe have developed a method for synthesizing novel helical amide derivatives. Nucleophilic primary amines were inserted into benzo-fused 2,2′-biphenoquinones to form helical amides containing seven-membered rings. When optically pure primary amines were used in this reaction, a mixture of two amide diastereoisomers was obtained and separated into diastereomerically pure products by high-performance liquid chromatography. In contrast, the reaction of enantiomerically pure benzo-fused 2,2′-biphenoquinones with achiral aliphatic primary amines afforded enantiomerically pure helical amides with stereospecificity and retention of configuration.
Higher Pelvic Incidence Was Associated with a Higher Risk of Sagittal Malposition of Femoral Component and Poor Outcomes of Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Li Hongyi , Zhu Fei , Liao Shufen , Wang Xiangjiang , Zhong Yanlin , Wen Xingzhao , Zhao Xiaoyi , Liao Weiming , Zhang Zhiqi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSpine–pelvis–lower extremity sagittal alignment is regarded as a global sagittal balance. Currently, there are few studies evaluating the pelvic and femoral sagittal alignment during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This retrospective study aims to elucidate how pelvic and femoral sagittal alignment affect clinical outcomes of primary TKA for osteoarthritis (OA) and determine the proper range of femoral sagittal alignment. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including the Knee Society Score (KSS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC), and patient satisfaction scores, and clinician-reported outcomes (CROs), including range of motion (ROM) and pelvic and femoral sagittal parameters, of 67 cases were evaluated (89 knees) before and 1 year after TKA. The angle between the distal femur anterior cortex line and flange of the femoral component (FC) was defined as the α angle. Correlations between the α angle and PROM and CRO were investigated using multivariate and secondary regression analyses. Patients were further divided into four cohorts (A, B, C, and D) according to the α angle, and comparisons of their postoperative PROM and ROM scores were performed. Postoperative PROM and ROM scores improved significantly compared with the preoperative scores (p < 0.01). Only the α angle was significantly associated with postoperative knee extension among all PROM and CRO indexes (p = 0.001). Secondary regression demonstrated a convex upward function, and the scores were the highest at α angles of 0.57, 0.96, and −1.42 degrees for postoperative KSS, satisfaction, and range of knee extension, respectively (p < 0.01). However, the concave upward degree was the lowest at an α angle of 0.33 degrees for pelvic incidence (p < 0.001). Bonferroni's paired comparisons indicated that postoperative KSS and satisfaction of the cohort B (0 degrees ≤ α angle ≤ 3 degrees) were better than those of other cohorts (p < 0.0125). The results indicate that surgeons should pay more attention to the sagittal alignment of FC in patients with increased pelvic incidence, the distal femoral anterior cortex is recommended as an anatomic landmark, and 0 to 3 degrees might be “safe zones” of the sagittal flexion of FC in TKA. This study reflects the level of evidence III.
Impact of Liver Cirrhosis on Bone Metabolism
Authors: Abdalbary Mohamed , Sobh Mahmoud , Abdelsalam Mostafa , Mohamed Amr El-Husseini 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBone loss is an early and major problem in cirrhotic patients. The majority of cirrhotic patients demonstrate evidence of hepatic osteodystrophy (HOD). This includes decreased bone volume, turnover abnormalities, and rarely mineralization defects. Moreover, the degree of bone disease usually correlates with the severity of liver dysfunction. The mechanism of HOD is multifactorial. Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism, hypogonadism, inhibitors of bone formation, and mediators/promoters of bone resorption are frequent findings and essential coplayers in HOD. Early and proper identification of HOD is challenging. DXA is the most widely used tool; however, it has fundamental limitations. Bone turnover biomarkers are used to understand the mechanism of bone loss. Bone biopsy with histomorphometry is the gold standard to evaluate bone structure. The evidence for the effectiveness of nonpharmacological and pharmacological management of HOD is limited. Adequate nutrition, weight-bearing exercise, smoking cessation, and limitation of alcohol consumption improve bone health and quality of life. The use of antiresorptive therapies prevents bone loss particularly in patients with high bone turnover. However, osteoanabolics are essential in patients with low bone turnover. Herein, we are discussing the magnitude of the problem, pathogenesis, diagnosis of HOD, and various interventions to improve bone health in cirrhotic patients.
Dural Sealants Do Not Reduce Postoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
Authors: McDowell Michael M. , Jacobs Rachel C. , Valappil Benita , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Zenonos Georgios A. , Wang Eric W. , Snyderman Carl H. , Gardner Paul A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction The application of cranial tissue sealants to assist with postoperative closure is widespread, but data are lacking regarding its utility in endoscopic endonasal surgery (EEA). A prospective study was conducted to assess the effect of sealant usage on postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak rate following standard reconstruction.
Methods A prospective trial of sealant usage after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery was performed from May 2016 to June 2019 at a tertiary referral cranial base center. This study enrolled 300 consecutive adult and pediatric patients with skull base pathology who underwent EES in which an intraoperative CSF leak occurred. Patients were sequentially stratified into equally sized groups who did or did not receive sealant as part of their reconstruction.
Results Three hundred consecutive adult and pediatric patients were enrolled in the study and had a confirmed intraoperative CSF leak. The intervention cohort with sealant (first 150 patients) had 21 postoperative CSF leaks (14% rate) compared with 9 postoperative CSF leaks (6% rate) in the control group without sealant (p = 0.02). On multivariate analysis, sealant usage was associated with a higher rate of postoperative CSF leak (odds ratio [OR] = 2.7; p = 0.025). Male gender (OR = 2.4; p = 0.04) and high-flow intraoperative CSF leak (OR = 3.1; p = 0.038) were also found to be associated with postoperative CSF leak.
Conclusion Among all patients undergoing EES with an intraoperative CSF leak, the addition of sealant to standard closure techniques did not reduce the rate of postoperative CSF leaks.
Low-frequency anharmonic couplings in bromoform revealed from 2D Raman-THz spectroscopy: From the liquid to the crystalline phase
Authors: Mousavi Seyyed Jabbar , Berger Arian , Hamm Peter , Shalit Andrey 
Published: April 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) Raman-THz spectroscopy in the frequency of up to 7 THz has been applied to study the crystalline β-phase of bromoform (CHBr3). As for liquid CHBr3, cross peaks are observed, which, however, sharpen up in the crystalline sample and split into assignable sub-contributions. In the Raman dimension, the frequency positions of these cross peaks coincide with the intramolecular bending modes of the CHBr3 molecules and in the THz dimension with the IR-active lattice modes of the crystal. This work expands the applicability of this new 2D spectroscopic technique to solid samples at cryogenic temperatures. Furthermore, it provides new experimental evidence that the cross peaks, indeed, originate from the coupling between intra- and intermolecular vibrational modes.
Review of recent progress, challenges, and prospects of 2D materials-based short wavelength infrared photodetectors
Authors: Pinki Yadav  , Dewan Sheetal , Mishra Rahul , Das Samaresh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The interest in 2D layered materials based short wavelength infrared (SWIR) photodetectors (PDs) has escalated over the years with the introduction of new 2D materials showing intriguing photoresponse characteristics in the IR region. Two-dimensional materials with their mechanical flexibility, bandgap tunability, ease in exfoliation and thickness dependent optical properties have shown potential to surpass the performance of conventional, cryogenically operated semiconducting PDs. To date, a significant number of PDs have been reported using layered materials in various configurations, which have attracted the interest of research community towards scalable 2D-PDs. This review article aims to address current state-of-art SWIR PDs based on layered materials and the underlying physics. The article gives an insight into the various photodetection schemes and important figures of merit for the evaluation of PDs. The 2D materials frequently employed for designing SWIR PDs and their important characteristics are discussed in detail, with special emphasis on their photodetection range. Further, a comprehensive review of the 2D SWIR PDs based on different device structures is included, followed by a discussion on the major challenges currently prevalent in 2D SWIR PDs. Finally, the promising future prospects of 2D SWIR PDs and their important applications are described.
The distribution of F-containing species in atmospheric nanosecond He/CF4 plasma with downstream dielectric material
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Lijun , Zhang Runming , Lian Zhuoxi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A two-dimensional self-consistent model has been established in order to investigate the distribution of F-containing species in He/CF4 atmospheric pressure plasma jet and the effect of CF4 concentration on the reactive F-containing species. A portion of electron energy is consumed whenever an F is ionized from the CF4, resulting that the average densities of

CF

4
+

,

CF

2
+

and CF+ decrease sequentially. The density of

CF

3
+

is greater than

CF

4
+

density due to Penning ionization of He* with CF4 and He+ + CF4 →

CF

3
+

+ F + He. In the case of He + 0.5% CF4 at 200 ns, the electron impact reactions mainly concentrate on the streamer head on the dielectric surface. The Penning ionization of He* with CF4 dominates in the region of 0 < r < 2.2 mm benefits from long-lived He* of high density and the high concentration CF4 in this region. As gas flow gradually mixes with ambient air (r > 2.2 mm), the Penning ionization of metastable He with N2 and O2 dominates in this area. As the CF4 concentration increases from 0.1% to 1%, the densities of F-containing positive ions all increase significantly. CF3, F and F2 also show the upward trend while there is little change in the spatial densities of CF2 and CF. The F-containing neutral species flux benefits from two factors: the diffusion and the conversion of positive ions. In the case of 0.1% CF4, due to the low density of

CF

2
+

, CF+ and F+ and the diffusion of F, the F flux for is consistent with CF2 and is greater than CF. However, when CF4 concentration exceeds 0.5%, the concentration of

CF

3
+

,

CF

2
+

and CF+ are much higher than F+. The quenching of positive ions dominates on the dielectric surface in the case of 0.5% and 1% CF4, resulting that the flux of F is lower than that of CF2 and CF.
Understanding the kinetic anisotropy of the soft-sphere bcc crystal–melt interfaces
Authors: Wang Yashen , Liang Zun , Zhang Xin , Lu Wenliang , Yu Zhiyong , Ma Xiangming , Liang Hongtao , Yang Yang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
By employing the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau (TDGL) theory for the solidification kinetics, we predict the kinetic coefficients for the bcc(100), (110), and (111) CMIs of the soft-spheres, which are modeled with the inverse-power repulsive potential, and compare with the previous reported data of the bcc Fe system. We confirm a universal-like behavior of the spatial integrations of the (density wave amplitudes) Ginzburg–Landau order parameter square-gradient for the bcc CMI systems. The TDGL predictions of the kinetic anisotropies for bcc soft-sphere and bcc Fe CMI systems are identical; both agree well with the MD measurement for the soft-sphere system but differ strongly with the MD measurement for the Fe system. This finding implies that the current TDGL theory reflects a preference of presenting the generic anisotropy relationship due to the interfacial particle packings but lacks the contribution parameter which addresses the specificities in the kinetic anisotropies owing to the particle–particle interactions. A hypothesis that the density relaxation times for the interface melt phases to be anisotropic and material-dependent is then proposed.
Ab initio calculations of spin-nonconserving exciton–phonon scattering in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Wei , Cao Ting 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We investigate the spin-nonconserving relaxation channel of excitons by their couplings with phonons in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides using ab initio approaches. Combining GW-Bethe–Salpeter equation method and density functional perturbation theory, we calculate the electron–phonon and exciton–phonon coupling matrix elements for the spin-flip scattering in monolayer WSe2, and further analyze the microscopic mechanisms influencing these scattering strengths. We find that phonons could produce effective in-plane magnetic fields which flip spin of excitons, giving rise to relaxation channels complimentary to the spin-conserving relaxation. Finally, we calculate temperature-dependent spin-flip exciton–phonon relaxation times. Our method and analysis can be generalized to study other two-dimensional materials and would stimulate experimental measurements of spin-flip exciton relaxation dynamics.
Thermal conductivity temperature dependence of water confined in nanoporous silicon
Authors: Wang Xiaorui , Gonçalves William , Lacroix David , Isaiev Mykola , Gomès Séverine , Termentzidis Konstantinos 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Recently, it has been shown that high density nanoconfined water was the reason of the important enhancement of the effective thermal conductivity up to a factor of 50% of a nanoporous silicon filled with water. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulations, we further investigate the role of the temperature T (from 285 to 360 K) on the thermal conductivity enhancement of nanohybrid porous silicon and water system. Furthermore, by studying and analysing several structural and dynamical parameters of the nanoconfined water, we give physical insights of the observed phenomena. Upon increasing the temperature of the system, the thermal conductivity of the hybrid system increases reaching a maximum for T = 300 K. With this article, we prove the existence of new heat flux channels between a solid matrix and a nanoconfined liquid, with clear signatures both in the radial distribution function, mean square displacements, water molecules orientation, hydrogen bond networks and phonon density of states.