bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium and quantitative hydrogen parameter changes in muscle tissue after eccentric exercise and in delayed‐onset muscle soreness assessed with magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Höger Svenja A. , Gast Lena V. , Marty Benjamin , Hotfiel Thilo , Bickelhaupt Sebastian , Uder Michael , Heiss Rafael , Nagel Armin M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe objective of the current study was to assess sodium (23Na) and quantitative proton (1H) parameter changes in muscle tissue with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after eccentric exercise and in delayed‐onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Fourteen participants (mean age: 25 ± 4 years) underwent 23Na/1H MRI of the calf muscle on a 3‐T MRI system before exercise (t0), directly after eccentric exercise (t1), and 48 h postintervention (t2). In addition to tissue sodium concentration (TSC), intracellular‐weighted sodium (ICwS) signal was acquired using a three‐dimensional density‐adapted radial projection readout with an additional inversion recovery preparation module. Phantoms containing saline solution served as references to quantify sodium concentrations. The 1H MRI protocol consisted of a T1‐weighted turbo spin echo sequence, a T2‐weighted turbo inversion recovery, as well as water T2 mapping and water T1 mapping. Additionally, blood serum creatine kinase (CK) levels were assessed at baseline and 48 h after exercise. The TSC and ICwS of exercised muscles increased significantly from t0 to t1 and decreased significantly from t1 to t2. In the soleus muscle (SM), ICwS decreased below baseline values at t2. In the tibialis anterior muscle (TA), TSC and ICwS remained at baseline levels at each measurement point. However, high‐CK participants (i.e., participants with a more than 10‐fold CK increase, n = 3) displayed different behavior, with 2‐ to 4‐fold increases in TSC values in the medial gastrocnemius muscle (MGM) at t2. 1H water T1 relaxation times increased significantly after 48 h in the MGM and SM. 1H water T2 relaxation times and muscle volume increased in the MGM at t2. Sodium MRI parameters and water relaxation times peaked at different points. Whereas water relaxation times were highest at t2, sodium MRI parameters had already returned to baseline values (or even below baseline values, for low‐CK participants) by this point. The observed changes in ion concentrations and water relaxation time parameters could enable a better understanding of the physiological processes during DOMS and muscle regeneration. In the future, this might help to optimize training and to reduce associated sports injuries.
Machine learning based asymptotic homogenization and localization: Predictions of key local behaviors of multiscale configurations bearing microstructural varieties
Authors: Zhou Zhengcheng , Zhu Yichao , Guo Xu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, a general framework is devised for reliable predictions over the local behaviors, such as the failure strength and stress intensity factor, of multiscale configurations bearing microstructural varieties. Methodologically, a mutually complementing use of asymptotic analysis and machine learning is addressed. On using asymptotic analysis, we manage to identify several key but implicit interrelationships, which link the local quantities of our interest with other onsite mean‐field quantities. Then these identified interrelationships are represented by neural networks in an offline stage, where the training data are also generated based on the formulation devised through asymptotic analysis. Then for the upcoming online simulation, those desired local behaviors can be quickly captured without resolving the microstructural configurations. Numerical examples are presented showing that for relatively complex multiscale configurations, the predicting error here can be theoretically controlled at a satisfactory level.
Amine‐modified graphene enhanced mechanical properties and catalytic effect on imidization of polyimide composite films
Authors: Zhao Yuzhuo , Hu Yanbing , Zhang Shaopeng , Wang Song , Zhang Ailing , Liang Bing , Li Sanxi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe degree of the imidization reaction determines the properties of polyimide (PI) obtained by the thermal curing process. In this paper, amine‐modified graphene (N‐GO) was designed by integrating pyridine structure with graphene and acting as a catalyst to promote the imidization reaction of PI. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) were then used to confirm the morphology and structure of N‐GO. The catalytic effect of N‐GO in imidization reaction was obtained by FTIR and subsequently characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and water contact angle (WCA). Surprising results suggest that the agglomeration of N‐GO can also contribute to solid‐phase reactions in imidization reactions. Lastly, the results of mechanical property tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and FTIR demonstrated that the composite films showed excellent tensile strength (176.2 MPa) and thermal stability (513.0 °C); at the same content, only 0.5% of N‐GO addition reduced the imidization temperature by 20°C, exhibiting remarkable enhancement effects. This research is a valuable solution to the problem in performance caused by low‐temperature curing agent residues in films, and it is expected to be used in the microelectronics field.
Psychometric properties of the Greek translation of the Friendship Quality Questionnaire
Authors: Kouvava Sofia , Antonopoulou Katerina , Kokkinos Constantinos M. , Voulgaridou Ioanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present study examines the psychometric properties of the long form (LF) of the Greek translation of the Friendship Quality Questionnaire (FQQ), a widely recognized self‐report instrument that assesses children's perceptions of the qualities of their friendships. Four hundred seventeen (417) typically developing primary‐school students (50.8% boys), aged between 8 and 12 years (M = 9.77 years old, SD = 1.2), who had a mutual best friend in their class, completed the survey at school. Confirmatory factor analysis verified the six‐factor structure of the original FQQ with all items fitting into the respective subscales. All factors presented high positive intercorrelations except for the Conflict and Betrayal subscale. All subscales demonstrated adequate internal consistency. Significant gender differences were observed. The Greek translation of the FQQ‐LF shows strong evidence of validity and reliability and provides a suitable instrument for assessing the qualitative characteristics of best friendships.
Fundamentals behind the specificity of Cysteinyl‐tRNA synthetase: MD and QM/MM joint investigations
Authors: Chen Binbin , Mansour Basel , Zheng En , Liu Yingchun , Gauld James W. , Wang Qi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCysteinyl‐tRNA synthetase (CysRS) catalyzes the aminoacylation reaction of cysteine to its cognate tRNACys in the first step of protein translation. It is found that CysRS is different from other aaRSs as it transfers cysteine without the need for an editing reaction, which is not applicable in the case of serine despite the similarity in their structures. Surprisingly, the reasons why CysRS has high amino acid specificity are not clear yet. In this research, the binding configurations of Cys‐AMP and its near‐cognate amino acid Ser‐AMP with CysRS are compared by Molecular Dynamics (MD). The results reveal that CysRS screens the substrate Cys‐AMP to a certain extent in the process of combination and recognition, thus providing a guarantee for the high selectivity of the next reaction. While Ser‐AMP is in a folded state in CysRS. In the meanwhile, the interaction between Cys‐AMP and Zn963 in CysRS is much stronger than Ser‐AMP. The substrate‐assisted aminoacylation mechanism in CysRS is also explored by Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) modeling. According to the QM/MM potential energies, the energy barrier of TSCys‐AMP is 91.75 kJ/mol, while that of TSSer‐AMP is close to 150 kJ/mol. Based on thermochemistry calculations, it is found that the product of Cys‐AMP is more stable than the reactant. In contrast, Ser‐AMP has a reactant that is more stable than its product. As a result, it reflects that the specificity of CysRS originates from both the kinetic and thermodynamical perspectives of the reaction. Our investigations demonstrate comprehensively on how CysRS recognizes and catalyzes the substrate Cys‐AMP, hoping to provide some guidance for researchers in this area.
Effects of transgenic cotton lines expressing dsAgCYP6CY3‐P1 on the growth and detoxification ability of Aphis gossypii glover
Authors: Zhang Lianjun , Wei Yuanjie , Wei Linyu , Liu Xiaoning , Liu Ning 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe pest Aphis gossypii Glover globally causes considerable economic losses on various crops by its feeding damage and disease transmission. Transgenic plants that produce double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeted to insect genes are being developed as a pest control strategy. In this study, we evaluated the effects of transgenic cotton‐mediated RNA interference (RNAi) on the growth and detoxification ability of A. gossypii after the transgenic cotton lines expressing dsAgCYP6CY3‐P1 (the TG cotton lines) were obtained on the basis of exploring the functions of CYP6CY3 in our previous research.ResultsThe developmental time of third‐ and fourth‐instar nymphs which fed on the TG cotton lines were significantly prolonged. Life table parameters showed that the fitness of cotton aphids from the TG cotton lines decreased. Additionally, the relative expression level of CYP6CY3 in cotton aphids which fed on the TG cotton lines was significantly reduced by 47.3 % at 48 h compared with that from the nontransgenic cotton (the NT cotton). Bioassay showed that silencing of CYP6CY3 increased mortality of the nymphs to imidacloprid by 28.49 % (at 24 h) and to acetamiprid by 73.77 % (at 48 h), respectively.ConclusionThese results indicated that the TG cotton lines delayed the growth and development of A. gossypii, but also decreased population density and increased its sensitivity to imidacloprid and acetamiprid, respectively. The results provide further support for the development and application of plant‐mediated RNAi. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Lung cancer that recurred as carcinoma en cuirasse
Authors: Nozu Shohei , Nakanishi Norihiko , Sadamoto Yasushi , Sugita Atsuro 
Published: October 2022

Key messageCutaneous metastasis from lung cancer is rare. We report an unusual cutaneous metastasis known as “carcinoma en cuirasse” 7 years after left upper lobectomy to treat an adenocarcinoma of the lung.
A comparison of radiological and clinical outcomes between robotic‐assisted and conventional total hip arthroplasty: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Wang Ruoyu , Gong Song , Han Lizhi , Gong Tianlun , Yi Yihu , Feng Yong , Wang Guohong , Xu Weihua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether robotic‐assisted total hip arthroplasty (RATHA) is superior to conventional total hip arthroplasty (CTHA) in terms of radiological and clinical outcomes.MethodsThree databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase) were searched for articles published before 11 May 2021. The comparison outcomes of interest included radiological and clinical outcomes.ResultsEighteen studies involving 2845 hips that compared the radiological and clinical outcomes of RATHA and CTHA were included in this study. There was no significant difference between RATHA and CTHA in cup anteversion or complications. However, RATHA showed better outcomes in terms of leg‐length discrepancy, stem alignment, cup inclination, the Lewinnek safe zone, Callanan safe zone, total complications, and intraoperative complications. Robotic‐assisted total hip arthroplasty was inferior to CTHA in terms of operative time and dislocations (all p‐values < 0.05).ConclusionsThe radiological and clinical outcomes of RATHA were comparable and even better than those of CTHA, except for operative time and dislocation outcomes.
Neural learning impedance control of lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton with flexible joints in the presence of input constraints
Authors: Yang Yong , Huang Deqing , Jin Chengwu , Liu Xia , Li Yanan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents neural learning based adaptive impedance control for a lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton with flexible joints (LLREFJ). First, the full model consisting of both the rigid link and the flexible joint is obtained for the LLREFJ. Second, neural networks are used to compensate for the system uncertainties and external disturbance and an adaptive impedance controller is proposed by establishing an impedance error. In order to improve the control performance and enhance the system robustness, periodic dynamics is considered according to the repetitive motion of the rehabilitation process and handled by a repetitive learning algorithm. Then, the stability of the full system is proved rigorously by Lyapunov methods. Finally, comparative simulation reveals that the designed adaptive neural learning controller has improved the control performance.
ECAAP‐SG: Efficient certificateless anonymous authentication protocol for SG
Authors: Nkurunziza Egide , Tandoh Lawrence , Elfadul Issameldeen , Li Fagen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA smart meter (SM) is an essential device within a smart grid (SG). It collects electrical power data from the customer and reports it to the service provider at regular intervals. Unfortunately, these regular reports may disclose confidential customer information without their knowledge. Moreover, SM is a device with limited resources, which means it cannot manage heavy security protocols. To mitigate these problems, an efficient certificateless anonymous authentication protocol for SG (ECAAP‐SG) protocol was designed. It cannot allow an adversary to tap into the communication channel and access exchanged information. In addition, the designed scheme fits SM's resource capacity. Furthermore, the authentication security provided by ECAAP‐SG guarantees that legal entities are communicating. Moreover, ECAAP‐SG provides key agreement security that establishes the session key. The established session key will be used to secure future communication. Besides, a random oracle model is used for the security analysis of the proposed protocol, and we prove that it is secure under the discrete logarithm problem and the computational Diffie–Hellman problem.
Rebooting the systems approach by applying the thinking of Bogdanov and the pragmatists
Authors: Jackson Michael C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe systems approach continues to lack agreed philosophical foundations. As a result, it has become fragmented and offers numerous different theories and methodologies. This proliferation of perspectives makes it difficult for those in other disciplines to interact with and learn from systems thinkers and vice versa. It also puts practitioners off. They are confused and find it hard to believe that the systems approach has the special capacity it claims for helping them succeed in the volatile, uncertain, complex, ambiguous world in which they have to act. This paper argues that the systems approach needs rebooting on the basis of the work of Bogdanov and the pragmatists if it is to realize its full theoretical and practical potential. This task is less daunting than may at first appear. The systems approach has, often without realizing it, taken forward the tradition of thought initiated by Bogdanov and the pragmatists. This is true whether in the guise of general systems theory, cybernetics, complexity theory or systems methodologies. There is a bright future for the systems approach if it self‐consciously embraces that philosophical tradition, further develops it and enhances its practice. A philosophically empowered systems approach, united in its aspirations, can play a leading role in improving life on our planet.
Anaesthetic management of a horse with atrial fibrillation undergoing transvenous electrical cardioversion in combination with amiodarone
Authors: Asorey Iago , Corletto Federico 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA 664 kg, 19‐year‐old, Irish sport horse gelding with chronic atrial fibrillation presented for transvenous electrical cardioversion under general anaesthesia. Five incremental electrical shocks were delivered in combination with intraoperative pharmacological cardioversion using amiodarone, which caused significant arterial hypotension treated with dobutamine infusion. Final successful cardioversion to sinus rhythm was achieved, and the horse recovered smoothly from general anaesthesia. Unfortunately, atrial fibrillation reoccurred early in the postoperative period.
Theory for Invisible Thermal Sensors: Monolayer Scheme
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we propose an anisotropic monolayer scheme to prevent thermal sensors from distorting local and background temperature profiles, making them accurate and thermally invisible. We design metashells with anisotropic thermal conductivity and perform finite-element simulations in two or three dimensions for arbitrarily given thermal conductivity of sensors and backgrounds. We further experimentally fabricate a metashell with an anisotropic thermal conductivity based on the effective medium theory, which confirms the feasibility of our scheme. Our results are beneficial to improving the performance of thermal detection and may also guide other diffusive physical fields.
Theory for Omnithermal Illusion Metasurfaces: Cavity Effect
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we consider multifold heat-transfer modes and propose a class of restructurable metasurfaces to show illusions in infrared and similarity in visible-light view. We consider the three basic modes of heat transfer (omnithermotics) in theoretical designs and adopt radiation-cavity effects in experimental manufacture. We also make it feasible to tune surface temperature and emissivity synergistically. Besides, such metasurfaces can work in temperature-varying backgrounds and transient states. This scheme may provide a platform for the design of adaptable thermal illusion and show robustness under multifrequency detections.
Theory for Active Thermal Control: Thermal Dipole Effect
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we establish a theory for thermal-dipole-based thermotics. Tailoring the thermal dipole moment allows thermal invisibility without the requirements of singular and uncommon thermal conductivities. Furthermore, finite-element simulations and laboratory experiments both validate the theoretical analyses. Thermal-dipole-based thermotics offers a distinct mechanism to achieve thermal invisibility and provides guidance to other physical fields, such as electrostatics, magnetostatics, and particle diffusion. These results also pave the way for heat regulation with thermal dipoles, and potential applications can be expected in thermal protection, infrared detection, etc.
Theory for Thermal Wave Control: Transformation Complex Thermotics
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we develop a transformation theory for controlling wavelike temperature fields (called thermal waves herein) in conduction and advection. We first unify these two basic heat transfer modes by coining a complex thermal conductivity whose real and imaginary parts are related to conduction and advection. Consequently, the conduction-advection process supporting thermal waves is described by a complex conduction equation, thus called complex thermotics. We then propose the principle for transforming complex thermal conductivities. We further design three metamaterials to control thermal waves with cloaking, concentrating, and rotating functions. Experimental suggestions are also provided based on porous media.
Theory for Hele-Shaw Convective Cloaks: Bilayer Scheme
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThermal convection is one of the three basic heat transfer mechanisms, profoundly influencing the natural environment, social production, and daily life. However, the high complexity of governing equation, which describes the coupling of heat and mass transfer, makes it challenging to manipulate thermal convection at will in both theory and experiment. Here, we consider the heat transfer in Hele-Shaw cells, a widely-used model of Stokes flow between two parallel plates with a small gap, and apply the scattering-cancellation technology to construct convective thermal materials with bilayer structures and homogeneous isotropic materials. By tailoring thermal conductivity and viscosity, we demonstrate cloaking devices that can simultaneously hide obstacles from heat and fluid motion and verify their robustness under various thermal-convection environments by numerical simulations. Our results show that about 80% of the temperature and pressure disturbances in the background caused by obstacles can be eliminated by the cloak. The developed approach can be extended to control other convection-diffusion systems or multiphysics processes. The results pave a promising path for designing various metadevices such as concentrators or sensors.
Theory for Coupled Thermoelectric Metamaterials: Bilayer Scheme
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we theoretically design bilayer thermoelectric metamaterials based on the generalized scattering-cancellation method. By solving the governing equations directly, we formulate the specific parameter requirements for desired functionalities beyond existing single-field or decoupled multi-field Laplacian metamaterials. Unlike the recently reported transformation thermoelectric flows, bilayer schemes do not require inhomogeneity and anisotropy in constitutive materials. Finite-element simulations confirm the analytical results and show robustness under various exterior conditions. Feasible experimental design with naturally occurring materials is also proposed for further proof-of-principle verification. Our theoretical method may be extended to other coupled multiphysical systems such as thermo-optics, thermomagnetics, and optomechanics.
Theory for Chameleonlike Thermal Rotators: Extremely Anisotropic Conductivity
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we propose a mechanism for intelligent thermal regulation based on transformation-invariant metamaterials, which possess highly anisotropic thermal conductivities. As an application, we design intelligent thermal rotators that can guide heat flux direction with different environmental parameters. Since the adaptive behavior is similar to chameleons, the present rotators are called chameleonlike rotators. We further perform finite-element simulations and laboratory experiments to validate the scheme and demonstrate the chameleonlike behavior. These results have potential applications for implementing adaptive and adjustable thermal metamaterials. Similar behaviors can also be expected in other fields, such as hydrodynamics.