bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning and novel ophthalmologic biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease screening: Systematic Review
Authors: Bourkhime Hind , Qarmiche Noura , Omari Mohammed , Bahra Nassiba , Tachfouti Nabil , EL Fakir Samira , Otmani Nada 
Published: March 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that leads to dementia and eventual death, the reason why screening is so beneficial in its early stages. Recent evidence suggests that memory and vision impairments are closely linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, assessing vision disorders may improve early detection and treatment of dementia. Therefore, some research has been conducted on screening for AD disease using new machine learning (ML) techniques on novel ophthalmologic biomarkers data.
Objective: To summarize existing findings on machine learning models exploring eye changes data to predict cognitive decline in the context of AD.
Methods: Systematic review of original research between January 2016 and August 2021. A search covered two databases on (Scopus) and (PubMed).
Results: From 104 search results, 13 articles were selected after using the eligibility criteria: 5 machine learning models used retinal texture data, 5 models included eye movement data, 2 proposed models used iris change data, and 1 proposed model used corneal nerve loss data.
Conclusion: Promising results are reported in almost all 13 studies, but very few have been implemented in research or clinical practice. The principal constraints in this area are limited standardization and comparability of results..
Das Allgäu wird zur Sahelzone
Authors: Knoblauch Hans 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Klimakrise mit ihren bereits heute deutlichen Auswirkungen in vielen Lebensbereichen, z. B. Hitzewellen, Flutkatastrophen etc. nimmt in ihren Konsequenzen für die Gesundheit, der medialen Darstellung und öffentlichen Wahrnehmung eine zunehmende Bedeutung ein. Ausgehend davon, dass Symptome psychischer Erkrankungen in ihrer inhaltlichen Ausgestaltung abhängig vom Zusammenspiel soziokultureller und biografischer Faktoren sind, wird in dieser Kasuistik der Verlauf der Behandlung eines 59-jährigen Mannes mit einer schweren depressiven Episode und der wahnhaften Überzeugung, dass sich die Landschaft des Allgäus aufgrund der Klimakrise in eine Landschaft wie die Sahelzone verwandelt, beschrieben.
Efficient bias robust regression for time series factor models
Authors: Martin R. Douglas , Xia Daniel Z. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe introduce a robust regression estimator for time series factor models called the mOpt estimator. This estimator minimizes the maximum bias due to outlier generating distribution deviations from a standard normal errors distribution model, and at the same time has a high normal distribution efficiency. We demonstrate the efficacy of the mOpt estimator in comparison with the non-robust least squares (LS) estimator in applications to both single factor and multifactor time series models. For the case of single factor CAPM models we compared mOpt and LS estimates for cross sections of liquid stocks from the CRSP database in each contiguous two-year interval from 1963 to 1980. The results show that absolute differences between the two estimates greater than 0.3 occur for about 18% of the stocks, and differences greater than 0.5 occur for about 7.5% of the stocks. Our application of the mOpt estimator to multifactor models focuses on fitting the Fama-French 3-factor and the Fama-French-Carhart 4-factor models to weekly stock returns for the year 2008, using both the robust t-statistics associated with the mOpt estimates and a new statistical test for differences between the mOpt and LS coefficients. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the mOpt estimator in providing better model fits than the LS estimates, which are adversely influenced by outliers. Finally, since model selection is an important aspect of time series factor model fitting, we introduce a new robust prediction errors based model selection criterion called the Robust Final Prediction Error (RFPE), which makes natural use of the mOpt regression estimator. When applied to the 4-factor model, the RFPE finds as the best subset model the one that contains the Market, SMB and MOM factors, not the three Fama-French factors Market, SMB and HML. We anticipate that RFPE will prove to be quite useful for model selection of time series factor models.
Facial recognition as a tool to identify Roman emperors: towards a new methodology
Authors: Ramesh Darshan Srirangachar , Heijnen Sam , Hekster Olivier , Spreeuwers Luuk , de Wit Florens 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPortraits of Roman emperors are traditionally recognised by their unique coiffure patterns, a method that runs the risk of ignoring portraits that do not cohere to the standardised image of the emperor. This article investigates whether it is possible to recognise and distinguish emperors using the facial features of their portraits. By using a technique called transfer learning, it utilises existing deep-learning facial recognition models, augmented with images of Roman imperial portraits, to provide a new empirical foothold in the debate of Roman emperor recognition. The results of the experiments demonstrate that by only a limited amount of training, such a so-called “pre-trained” model (i.e., InceptionResnet-V1) is able to correctly classify most images in the dataset of Roman emperors. As such, this article has made a first step towards applying facial recognition models to the study of ancient imperial portraiture.
Near room temperature magnetocaloric properties in Ni deficient (Mn0.525Fe0.5)Ni0.975Si0.95Al0.05
Authors: Khan Mahmud , Das Ranjit Chandra , Casey Jacob , Reese Brandon L. , Akintunde Babajide , Pathak Arjun K. 
Published: March 2022

We present an experimental study on the crystalline, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Ni deficient (Mn-rich) (Mn0.525Fe0.5)Ni0.975Si0.95Al0.05. The study has been performed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dc magnetization measurements. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the sample primarily exhibited the orthorhombic structure at room temperature. The coupled structural and ferromagnetic transition occurred at ∼338 K, which is significantly larger than ∼320 K observed in (Mn0.50Fe0.5)NiSi0.95Al0.05. Maximum magnetic entropy changes of ΔSM = −9.5 and 25 J kg−1K−1 for ΔH = 20 kOe and 50 kOe, respectively, have been observed in the material. Large refrigeration capacities of 60 J/kg and 160 J/kg for field changes of ΔH = 20 kOe and 50 kOe, respectively, have also been observed.
Features of the electronic transport of topological semimetal PtSn4 and WTe2 single crystals
Authors: Perevalova A. N. , Naumov S. V. , Podgornykh S. M. , Marchenkova E. B. , Chistyakov V. V. , Huang J. C. A. , Marchenkov V. V. 
Published: March 2022

PtSn4 and WTe2 single crystals were grown, and the resistivity was studied in the temperature range from 4.2 to 80 K in various magnetic fields up to 10 T in detail. It is suggested that the observed quadratic temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity at low temperatures in zero field can be due to, in addition to electron-electron scattering, the “electron-phonon-surface” interference scattering mechanism. The transition from high effective magnetic fields to weak ones, which is observed in compensated conductors with a closed Fermi surface, was proposed as a possible explanation for the minimum on the temperature dependence of the resistivity of PtSn4 and WTe2 in a magnetic field. The values of the mean free path of current carriers were estimated in these materials.
Population demography of the Tasmanian short-beaked echidna (
Authors: Lunn Tamika J. , Nicol Stewart C. , Buettel Jessie C. , Brook Barry W. 
Published: March 2022

Deriving estimates of demographic parameters and the processes driving them is crucial for identifying wildlife management options. The short-beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) is the most widely distributed native Australian mammal, yet little is known of its population dynamics due to its cryptic nature. Consequently, assessment of the impacts of climate and threats on echidna populations has been difficult. We analyse 19 years (1996–2014) of mark–recapture data to estimate survival and reproductive rates of a Tasmanian population of short-beaked echidna, and to evaluate the influence of regional weather patterns on its demographics. Population size showed high year-to-year variation, ranging from 1 to 40 echidnas km2 across the study area. Known-fate modelling of radio-tracked individuals suggested that climatic conditions impacted survival; average longevity was estimated at 16.7 years but only 4.8 years when the total spring/summer rainfall was below 125 mm, and 6.25 in years when temperatures more frequently exceeded 32°C. Recruitment, estimated from Pradel analyses, was low in the population (β = 0.08) and not significantly affected by climate. These results are the first quantitative estimates of climate effects, survival, and recruitment for this species, and suggest that climate-enhanced drying and temperature increase would pose a threat to echidna populations in Tasmania.
The affordances of metaphor for diachronic corpora & discourse analysis
Authors: Taylor Charlotte 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the utility of metaphor as an investigative tool in “long-distance” corpora and discourse studies. I show that metaphor is both important for understanding discourses and useful for diachronic analysis because it allows us to abstract out above the purely lexical level, enabling comparison across contexts where the same concept could be lexicalised differently. The case-study is concerned with the oft-discussed metaphor ofmigrants are waterin the UK-basedTimesnewspaper from 1800–2018 and the conventionalisation and evaluative patterns are presented. The findings confirm that thewatermetaphor has an extensive discourse history regarding how migration is represented in the UK press, but also that evaluations may differ significantly. The paper shows how metaphor can provide a way to find discourse evaluations and framings across different time periods. The use of second-order collocates illustrates how corpus tools can help re-contextualise data to ensure interpretation heeds contemporary framings.
Framing the political conflict discourse in Chinese media
Authors: Zhu Lili 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Individuals perceive the real world via interpretive schema, and actively classify and interpret their life experiences into what are defined as frames, to make sense of the world around them. Why certain frames are chosen can be explored from the cognitive and communicative perspective. In this light, this study explores how the Chinese news media frame the coverage on Sino-US trade dispute, discursively legitimizing their ideological stance and action. The case study demonstrates that Chinese media exploit multifarious frames to construct the Chinese national identity, which correspondingly and strategically highlight such frames (Cooperation, Health, Journey) as conform to culture value or render the audience empathy. It is suggested to construct political conflict discourse via strategic choices of appropriate social, moral or cultural frames to reframe the dispute. Chinese media can also deploy agenda-setting to enhance political communication.
Cross-linguistic patterns in the lexicalisation of bring and take
Authors: Margetts Anna , Haude Katharina , Himmelmann Nikolaus P. , Jung Dagmar , Riesberg Sonja , Schnell Stefan , Seifart Frank , Sheppard Harriet , Wegener Claudia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the linguistic expression ofbringandtakeevents and more generally of the semantic domain of directed caused accompanied motion (‘directed CAM’) across a sample of eight languages of the Pacific and the Americas. Unlike English, the majority of languages in our sample do not lexicalise directed CAM events by simple verbs, but rather encode the defining meaning components – caused motion, accompaniment, and directedness – in morphosyntactically complex constructions. The study shows a high degree of crosslinguistic diversity, even among closely related languages. Meaning components are contributed to directed CAM expressions by a mix of lexical semantics, morphosyntax, and pragmatic means. The study proposes a text-based, semantic typology of directed CAM events by drawing on corpus data from endangered languages.
Ecological significance and risks of mineral licks to mammals in a nature reserve on the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: He Xingcheng , Wen Zhixin , Wang Yujin , Feijó Anderson , Fu Qiang , Ran Jianghong 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Mineral licks are important components of terrestrial ecosystems that have special value to the maintenance of fluid balance of mammals, by providing them with essential mineral nutrients such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium. In the Anzihe Nature Reserve, southwest China, seven species of ungulates and one species of primates were frequently observed visiting the mineral licks in high densities. As a consequence, mineral licks have attracted illegal hunters and facilitated the spread of parasites and diseases, leading to a depletion of local populations. Therefore, we suggest that regions with abundant mineral licks should be designated as key protected areas in the Anzihe Nature Reserve and relevant zones for animal health surveillance.
A universal formula for the density of states in theories with finite-group symmetry
Authors: Harlow Daniel , Ooguri Hirosi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper we use Euclidean gravity to derive a simple formula for the density of black hole microstates which transform in each irreducible representation of any finite gauge group. Since each representation appears with nonzero density, this gives a new proof of the completeness hypothesis for finite gauge fields. Inspired by the generality of the argument we further propose that the formula applies at high energy in any quantum field theory with a finite-group global symmetry, and give some evidence for this conjecture.
Parametric resonance of bi-directional axial loads shallow arch microresonators
Authors: Najar Fehmi , Ouakad Hassen M , Ramini Abdallah , Alcheikh Nouha , Younis Mohammad I 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigate analytically and experimentally parametric resonances of an in-plane clamped-guided shallow arch microresonator. The arch is connected to a T-shaped moveable mass, which is sandwiched between two electrodes to electrostatically activate the device and to offer bi-directional axial loads option. The device is tested under primary and secondary parametric resonances. In addition, an analytical model is presented taking into account the initial rise of the microbeam and the sliding motion at the guided side. The static and free vibration problems are solved using the Differential Quadrature Method, and the dynamic response is simulated using an assumed mode Galerkin approximation. The theoretical results of the static and dynamic behavior of the device are compared to experimental data showing good agreement. Moreover, we demonstrate the use of parametric excitation to significantly amplify the axial motion. It is found that the second parametric resonance, corresponding to the fundamental mode of the arched microbeam, has a higher amplitude than the principal parametric case, due to the initial curvature of the beam. Thus, the proposed device can be a promising candidate for variety of sensing applications.
Plasma asymmetry and electron and ion energy distribution function in capacitive discharges excited by tailored waveforms
Authors: Sharma Sarveshwar , Sirse Nishant , Kuley Animesh , Turner Miles M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using a particle-in-cell simulation technique, we investigate the plasma and ionization asymmetry, higher harmonics generation, and electron and ion energy distribution function (IEDF) in capacitive discharges excited by tailored waveforms. At a base frequency of 13.56 MHz, three different waveforms, namely sinusoidal, sawtooth, and square, are applied for a constant current density amplitude of 50 A m−2 and gas pressure of 5 mTorr. The simulation results show that the square waveform produces the highest plasma density in the discharge, whereas maximum asymmetry is observed for plasma excited by the sawtooth-like waveform. Both square and sawtooth waveforms generate multiple beams of high-energy electrons from near to the expanding phase of the sheath edge and high-frequency modulations up to 100 MHz on the instantaneous sheath position. The electron energy distribution function depicts three electron temperature and highly elevated tail-end electrons for the square waveform in comparison to the sinusoidal and sawtooth waveform. The IEDF is bimodal at both the powered and grounded electrodes with a large asymmetry and narrow-type distribution in the case of the sawtooth-like waveform. These results suggest that the choice of waveform is highly critical for achieving maximum asymmetry and plasma density simultaneously in capacitive discharges.
A new kaonic helium measurement in gas by SIDDHARTINO at the DAΦNE collider*
Authors: Sirghi D , Sirghi F , Sgaramella F , Bazzi M , Bosnar D , Bragadireanu M , Carminati M , Cargnelli M , Clozza A , Deda G , De Paolis L , Del Grande R , Fabbietti L , Fiorini C , Guaraldo C , Iliescu M , Iwasaki M , Levi Sandri P , Marton J , Miliucci M , Moskal P , Napolitano F , Niedźwiecki S , Piscicchia K , Scordo A , Shi H , Skurzok M , Silarski M , Spallone A , Tüchler M , Vazquez Doce O , Zmeskal J , Curceanu C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The SIDDHARTINO experiment at the DAΦNE collider of INFN-LNF, the pilot run for the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment which aims to perform the measurement of kaonic deuterium transitions to the fundamental level, has successfully been concluded in July 2021. The paper reports the main results of this run, including the optimization of various components of the apparatus, among which the degrader needed to maximize the fraction of kaons stopped inside the target, through measurements of kaonic helium transitions to the 2p level. The obtained shift and width values are ε
2p = E
exp − E
e.m = 0.2 ± 2.5(stat) ± 2.0(syst) eV and Γ2p = 8 ± 10 eV (stat), respectively. This new measurement of the shift, in particular, represents the most precise one for a gaseous target and is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the kaon–nuclei interaction at low energy. The results obtained in this pilot run, combined with the foreseen additional veto systems and projected for the total 48 SDD arrays of the SIDDHARTA-2 final setup, represent a solid starting point for the successful measurement of the kaonic deuterium 2p → 1s transition, main goal of the experiment.
A transmission electron microscopy study of low-strain epitaxial BaTiO3 grown onto NdScO3
Authors: Denneulin T , Everhardt A S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ferroelectric materials exhibit a strong coupling between strain and electrical polarization. In epitaxial thin films, the strain induced by the substrate can be used to tune the domain structure. Substrates of rare-earth scandates are sometimes selected for the growth of ferroelectric oxides because of their close lattice match, which allows the growth of low-strain dislocation-free layers. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a frequently used technique for investigating ferroelectric domains at the nanometer-scale. However, it requires to thin the specimen down to electron transparency, which can modify the strain and the electrostatic boundary conditions. Here, we have investigated a 320 nm thick epitaxial layer of BaTiO3 grown onto an orthorhombic substrate of NdScO3 with interfacial lattice strains of −0.45% and −0.05% along the two in-plane directions. We show that the domain structure of the layer can be significantly altered by TEM sample preparation depending on the orientation and the geometry of the lamella. In the as-grown state, the sample shows an anisotropic a/c ferroelastic domain pattern in the direction of largest strain. If a TEM lamella is cut perpendicular to this direction so that strain is released, a new domain pattern is obtained, which consists of bundles of thin horizontal stripes parallel to the interfaces. These stripe domains correspond to a sheared crystalline structure (orthorhombic or monoclinic) with inclined polarization vectors and with at least four variants of polarization. The stripe domains are distributed in triangular-shaped 180° domains where the average polarization is parallel to the growth direction. The influence of external electric fields on this domain structure was investigated using in situ biasing and dark-field imaging in TEM.
SOiCI and iCISO: combining iterative configuration interaction with spin–orbit coupling in two ways
Authors: Zhang Ning , Xiao Yunlong , Liu Wenjian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The near-exact iCIPT2 approach for strongly correlated systems of electrons, which stems from the combination of iterative configuration interaction (iCI, an exact solver of full CI) with configuration selection for static correlation and second-order perturbation theory (PT2) for dynamic correlation, is extended to the relativistic domain. In the spirit of spin separation, relativistic effects are treated in two steps: scalar relativity is treated by the infinite-order, spin-free part of the exact two-component (X2C) relativistic Hamiltonian, whereas spin–orbit coupling (SOC) is treated by the first-order, Douglas–Kroll–Hess-like SOC operator derived from the same X2C Hamiltonian. Two possible combinations of iCIPT2 with SOC are considered, i.e., SOiCI and iCISO. The former treats SOC and electron correlation on an equal footing, whereas the latter treats SOC in the spirit of state interaction, by constructing and diagonalizing an effective spin–orbit Hamiltonian matrix in a small number of correlated scalar states. Both double group and time reversal symmetries are incorporated to simplify the computation. Pilot applications reveal that SOiCI is very accurate for the spin–orbit splitting (SOS) of heavy atoms, whereas the computationally very cheap iCISO can safely be applied to the SOS of light atoms and even of systems containing heavy atoms when SOC is largely quenched by ligand fields.
Direct estimation of gas holdup in gas–liquid bubble column reactors using ultrasonic transmission tomography and artificial neural processing
Authors: Hu Jingyi , Li Nan , Wang Lina , Yang Peng , Yang Yunjie , Quan Yihong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ultrasonic transmission tomography is an effective non-intrusive method for detecting gas–liquid two-phase flow patterns. A specific interest is the many processes whose reaction utilizes a bubble column, where the fast estimation of cross-sectional gas-holdup ratio is important for monitoring and control. In this study reference indirect image-based estimates were obtained from reconstructed tomographic data. Direct (non-image) estimation of the gas holdup ratio was also obtained using trained neural processing networks. Two forms were trialled: a generalized regression neural network (GRNN); and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Comparison trials were carried out for single-bubble, dual-bubble, circulation and laminar flows. Relative cross-sectional gas holdup error was selected for evaluation. For the image-based indirect trials the Tikhonov regularization algorithm had the lowest error range: 2.15%–15.64%. For direct methods the LSTM network had the lowest error range: 0.41%–9.63%, giving better performance than the image-based methods. The experimental data were used to verify the effectiveness of the network. The root-mean-square error of the test metrics for GRNN and LSTM network were 6.4260 and 5.4282, respectively, indicating that LSTM network has higher performance in processing the data in this paper.