bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning prediction of dual and dose-response effects of flavone carbon and oxygen glycosides on acrylamide formation
Authors: Wang Laizhao , Zhang Fan , Wang Jun , Wang Qiao , Chen Xinyu , Cheng Jun , Zhang Yu 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe extensive occurrence of acrylamide in heat processing foods has continuously raised a potential health risk for the public in the recent 20 years. Machine learning emerging as a robust computational tool has been highlighted for predicting the generation and control of processing contaminants.MethodsWe used the least squares support vector regression (LS-SVR) as a machine learning approach to investigate the effects of flavone carbon and oxygen glycosides on acrylamide formation under a low moisture condition. Acrylamide was prepared through oven heating via a potato-based model with equimolar doses of asparagine and reducing sugars.ResultsBoth inhibition and promotion effects were observed when the addition levels of flavonoids ranged 1–10,000 μmol/L. The formation of acrylamide could be effectively mitigated (37.6%–55.7%) when each kind of flavone carbon or oxygen glycoside (100 μmol/L) was added. The correlations between acrylamide content and trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) within inhibitory range (R2 = 0.85) had an advantage over that within promotion range (R2 = 0.87) through multiple linear regression.DiscussionTaking ΔTEAC as a variable, a LS-SVR model was optimized as a predictive tool to estimate acrylamide content (R2inhibition = 0.87 and R2promotion = 0.91), which is pertinent for predicting the formation and elimination of acrylamide in the presence of exogenous antioxidants including flavonoids.
Gastrectomy for cancer beyond life expectancy. A comprehensive analysis of oncological gastric surgery in Germany between 2008 and 2018
Authors: Berlet Maximilian , Weber Marie-Christin , Neumann Philipp-Alexander , Friess Helmut , Reim Daniel 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMajor gastric surgery for distal esophageal and gastric cancer has a strong impact on the quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Especially in elderly patients reaching their life expectancy, the responsible use and extent of gastrectomy are imperative to achieve a balance between harm and benefit. In the present study, the reimbursement database (German Diagnosis Related Groups (G-DRG) database) of the Statistical Office of the Federal Republic of Germany was queried to evaluate the morbidity and mortality of patients aged above or below 75 years following gastrectomy.Material and methodsAll patients in Germany undergoing subtotal gastrectomy (ST), total gastrectomy (T), or gastrectomy combined with esophagectomy (TE) for gastric or distal esophageal cancer (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems Version 10 (ICD-10) C15.2, C15.5, and C16.0–C16.9) between 2008 and 2018 were included. Intraoperative and postoperative complications as well as comorbidities, in-hospital mortality, and the extent of surgery were assessed by evaluating ICD-10 and operation and procedure key (Operationen- und Prozedurenschlüssel) codes.ResultsA total of 67,389 patients underwent oncologic gastric resection in Germany between 2008 and 2018. In total, 21,794 patients received ST, 41,825 received T, and 3,466 received TE, respectively. In 304 cases, the combinations of these, in fact, mutually exclusive procedures were encoded. The proportion of patients aged 75 years or older was 51.4% (n = 11,207) for ST, 32.6% (n = 13,617) for T, and 28.1% (n = 973) for TE. The in-hospital mortality of elderly patients was significantly increased in all three groups. (p &lt; 0.0001) General complications such as respiratory failure (p = 0.0054), acute renal failure (p &lt; 0.0001), acute myocardial failure (p &lt; 0.0001), and the need for resuscitation (ST/T: p &lt; 0.0001/TE: p = 0.0218) were significantly increased after any kind of gastrectomy. Roux-en Y was the most commonly applied reconstruction technique in both young and elderly patients. Regarding lymphadenectomy, systematic D2 dissection was performed less frequently in older patients than in the younger collective in the case of ST and T as well as D3 dissection. Peritonectomy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy were uncommon in elderly patients alongside ST and T compared to younger patients (p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionThe clinical outcome of major oncological gastric surgery is highly dependent on a patient’s age. The elderly show a tremendously increased likelihood of in-hospital mortality and morbidity.
Side-firing intraoperative ultrasound applied to resection of pituitary macroadenomas and giant adenomas: A single-center retrospective case-control study
Authors: Baker Katherine E. , Robbins Austin C. , Wasson Robert G. , McCandless Martin G. , Lirette Seth T. , Kimball Rebekah J. , Washington Chad W. , Luzardo Gustavo D. , Stringer Scott P. , Zachariah Marcus A. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMultiple intraoperative navigation and imaging modalities are currently available as an adjunct to endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas, including intraoperative CT and MRI, fluorescence guidance, and neuronavigation. However, these imaging techniques have several limitations, including intraoperative tissue shift, lack of availability in some centers, and the increased cost and time associated with their use. The side-firing intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) probe is a relatively new technology in endoscopic endonasal surgery that may help overcome these obstacles.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on patients admitted for resection of pituitary adenomas by a single surgeon at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. The control (non-ultrasound) group consisted of twelve (n=12) patients who received surgery without IOUS guidance, and the IOUS group was composed of fifteen (n=15) patients who underwent IOUS-guided surgery. Outcome measures used to assess the side-firing IOUS were the extent of tumor resection, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay (LOS) in days, operative time, and self-reported surgeon confidence in estimating the extent of resection intraoperatively.ResultsPreoperative data analysis showed no significant differences in patient demographics or presenting symptoms between the two groups. Postoperative data revealed no significant difference in the rate of gross total resection between the groups (p = 0.716). Compared to the non-US group, surgeon confidence was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.001), and operative time was significantly lower for the US group in univariate analysis (p = 0.011). Multivariate analysis accounting for tumor size, surgeon confidence, and operative time confirmed these findings. Interestingly, we noted a trend for a lower incidence of postoperative diabetes insipidus in the US group, although this did not quite reach our threshold for statistical significance.ConclusionIncorporating IOUS as an aid for endonasal resection of pituitary adenomas provides real-time image guidance that increases surgeon confidence in intraoperative assessment of the extent of resection and decreases operative time without posing additional risk to the patient. Additionally, we identified a trend for reduced diabetes insipidus with IOUS.
Wind-optimal lateral trajectories for a multirotor aircraft in urban air mobility
Authors: Pradeep Priyank , Chatterji Gano B. , Lauderdale Todd A. , Sheth Kapil , Lai Chok Fung , Erzberger Heinz , Sridhar Banavar 
Published: November 2022

The primary motivation for this paper is to quantify the operational benefits (energy consumption and flight duration) of flying wind-optimal lateral trajectories for short flights (less than 60 miles) anticipated in the urban environment. The optimal control model presented includes a wind model for quantifying the effect of wind on the lateral trajectory. The optimal control problem is numerically solved using the direct collocation method. Energy consumption and flight duration flying wind-optimal lateral trajectories are compared with corresponding values obtained flying great-circle paths between the same origin and destination pairs to determine the operational benefits of wind-optimal routing for short flights. The flight duration results for different scenarios are validated using a simulation tool designed and developed at NASA for exploring advanced air traffic management concepts. This research study suggests that for short flights in an urban environment, operational benefits of the wind-optimal lateral trajectories over the corresponding great-circle trajectories in terms of energy consumption and flight duration per flight are dependent on: i) wind field’s spatial variability, ii) wind magnitude, iii) the direction of route relative to the wind field, and iv) cruise segment length. The operational benefits observed in realistic flyable wind scenarios are less than 2.5%; these could be translated to an equivalent of a maximum of 2 min of cruise flight duration savings in the urban air mobility environment. As expected, headwinds and tailwinds along the flight route most significantly impact energy consumption and flight duration.
Factors influencing the mental health of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Kouther Dania A. , Shakir Murug O. , Alhumaidah Reem A. , Jamaluddin Huda A. , Jaha Afnan Y. , Alshumrani Mesbah J. , Hakami Alqassem Y. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesCaregivers of children with cerebral palsy have a huge burden which might affect their mental health. This study aimed to determine the different factors affecting the mental health of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy and to raise awareness among healthcare providers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in National Guard Health Affairs-Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, which is a validated questionnaire that assesses: depression, anxiety, and stress. This questionnaire was used to assess the mental health of the caregivers. In addition, factors that reflected the child's health condition, such as visual impairment, number of emergency department visits, and number of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit admissions were also reported to investigate the impact on the caregiver's mental health.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 40 caregivers, of which 72.5% were mothers. According to the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 score, 12.5% (n = 5) of the caregivers had moderate depression scores, 10% (n = 4) revealed extremely severe depression, and 10% (n = 4) showed moderate anxiety. Furthermore, 12.5% (n = 5), 15% (n = 6), and 7.5% (n = 3) of the caregivers have scored as moderate, severe, and extremely severe stress levels, respectively. Caregivers’ depression, anxiety, and stress scores were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with the impact of vision of their dependent children, frequent hospital admissions, and frequent emergency department visits. Increased Pediatric Intensive Care Unit admissions in the past year were also significantly associated with higher caregiver anxiety scores.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, the dimension of caregivers’ stress and anxiety and their association with the children's dependency level is not well documented in our region. Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy reported having mental health challenges associated with the children's visual impairment, frequent need for acute medical care, and hospital admissions. Healthcare workers should provide early and proactive planning of medical and social support for children with cerebral palsy and their families using a family-centered approach.
Fast and slow optical rogue waves in the fiber laser
Authors: Kbashi Hani J. , Kolpakov S. A. , Sergeyev Sergey V. 
Published: November 2022

We reported an experimental study on fast and slow temporal scaling of rogue waves’ emergence in a long (615 m) ring cavity erbium-doped fiber laser. The criterion for distinguishing between the fast and slow rogue waves is a comparison of the event lifetime with the system’s main characteristic time estimated from the decay of an autocorrelation function (AF). Thus, compared with the AF characteristic time, fast optical rogue wave (FORW) events have lifetime duration shorter than the AF decay time, and they appeared due to the mechanism of the pulse-to-pulse interaction and nonlinear pulse dynamics. In contrast, a slow optical rogue wave (SORW) has lifetime duration much longer than the decay time of the AF, which results from the hopping between different attractors. Switching between regimes can be managed by adjusting the in-cavity birefringence.
Cognitive factors that predict on-sight and red-point performance in sport climbing at youth level
Authors: Vasile Antonia Ioana , Stănescu Monica , Pelin Florin , Bejan Roxana 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe ascent of a route can be defined as being climbed on-sight or red-point. Climbing performance is measured by the grade of the personal best route that the athlete has ever climbed.MethodologyThe study examined 17 youth climbers (10 male and 7 female). The inclusion criteria were age (less than 20 years), a minimum of three sessions per week, a minimum 7a climbing grade and participation in national or international competitions. We used the Cognitrom battery and applied tests measuring spatial orientation and reactivity.ResultsClimbing experience explained 42.7% of the variance of on-sight performance, and 49.5% of the variance of red-point performance. Image generation has a negative on both on-sight and red-point performance, lowering the prediction with 0.5% for on-sight climbing and with 1.5% for red-point climbing.DiscussionExperience can predict climbing performance with a better prediction for red-point performance than on-sight with almost 7%. A high level of image generation ability can lead to viewing more approaches for passing the crux, but in a moment of physical and mental breakdown, can lead to failure. Red-pointing is less demanding than on-sight from physiological and psychologycal points of view. On-sight climbing requires greater levels of cognitive skills, such as route intepretation strategies, spatial orientation, motric memory, problem-solving skills, but also greater levels of psychological skills such as stress management, risk management, coping anxiety.
Responsible gambling through a motivational telephone intervention to high-risk gamblers – An evaluation of user satisfaction and subjective intervention effects
Authors: Håkansson Anders , Franklin Katja , Dahlström Maria , Lyckberg Axel 
Published: November 2022

Background and aimsProblem gambling causes major social and psychiatric consequences, and there is need to develop feasible harm-reducing or therapeutic interventions. It has been suggested that gambling operators with responsible gambling intentions can intervene in order to identify and help reduce the harm in problem gamblers. However, user satisfaction, and the risk of negative reactions and gamblers’ transfer to other operators, rarely have been explored scientifically.MethodsThis is a retrospective survey study of gamblers reached by a motivational, telephone intervention by the Swedish state-owned gambling operator (Svenska Spel), addressing gamblers with indicators of high-risk gambling practices (n = 197). Surveys were answered approximately 10 days after the intervention.ResultsThirty-seven percent perceived their gambling to have decreased due to the intervention, whereas 7% perceived their gambling instead had increased. A large majority (80%) reported a subjective favorable experience from the intervention. Forty percent reported gambling on other operators than Svenska Spel after the intervention, but only 7% gambled on a new operator following the intervention.ConclusionSurvey data in gamblers reached with a motivational telephone intervention present mainly promising findings, and should be replicated in future studies in larger samples. The main findings display an overwhelmingly favorable subjective experience, and a limited risk of gamblers migrating to other operators.
Therapeutic targets and signaling mechanisms of dasatinib activity against radiation skin ulcer
Authors: Su Wenxing , Chen Xuelian , Zhang Wen , Li Dazhuang , Chen Xiaoming , Yu Daojiang 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo reveal the potential targets and signaling pathways of dasatinib in the treatment of radiation ulcers through network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.MethodsPathological targets of radiation ulcers were screened using GeneCards database. At the same time, the pharmacological targets of dasatinib were obtained through SwissTargetPrediction (STP), Binding DB and Drugbank databases. Subsequently, the potential targets of dasatinib for anti-radiation ulcers were obtained after intersection by Venn diagram. Next, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed through the STRING database and core targets were screened. Finally, the identified core targets were subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, co-expression network analysis, and molecular docking technology to verify the reliability of the core targets.ResultsA total of 76 potential targets for anti-radiation ulcer with dasatinib were obtained, and 6 core targets were screened, including EGFR, ERBB2, FYN, JAK2, KIT, and SRC. These genes were mainly enriched in Adherens junction, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, Focal adhesion, Bladder cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed that dasatinib binds well to the core target.ConclusionDasatinib may play a role in the treatment of radiation ulcers by regulating EGFR, ERBB2, FYN, JAK2, KIT, and SRC. These core targets may provide new insights for follow-up studies of radiation ulcers.
Effects of sanitation and hygiene perceptions on international travelers' health, travel plans and trip experiences in India
Authors: Chandra Rishita , Supehia Sakshi , Nath Bhola , Chhetri Charu , Kumari Ranjeeta , Joshi Kumari Damayanti , Sharma Roshan , Chaudary Jatin , Joshi Kishor , Bhatta Ramesh , Bhatt Chhavi R. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundInternational travelers often experience travelers' diarrhea. However, there is paucity of data on whether self-reported gastrointestinal symptoms influence travelers' perceptions of adequacy of sanitation and hygiene services encountered during travel, and to what degree their travel plans, and overall trip experience are impacted.MethodsA cross-sectional face-to-face survey was conducted amongst international travelers in India. Data collected included socio-demographics, travel characteristics, self-reported occurrence and frequency/severity of gastrointestinal symptoms, perceptions of sanitation and hygiene encountered, and adverse effects of symptoms on travel plans and trip experiences. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were performed to describe differences and associations between categorical variables.ResultsOf the 300 international travelers surveyed, 46.3% experienced diarrhea. At least two thirds of travelers perceived the quality of sanitation (67.0%) and hygiene (70.0%) encountered to be inadequate. Perceptions of inadequate sanitation (adjusted OR = 3.0; 95% CI 1.7–5.5) and poor hygiene (adjusted OR = 7.7; 95% CI 4.1–15.5) were higher among travelers who experienced diarrhea. Additionally, both higher likelihood of travel plans being affected (adjusted OR = 10.7; 95% CI 5.1–23.6) and adverse impacts on overall trip experience (adjusted OR = 2.8; 95% CI 1.4–5.8) were reported among those who experienced diarrhea.ConclusionsMore than two thirds of travelers surveyed in India experienced inadequate sanitation and hygiene services, with perceptions influenced by occurrence and frequency of diarrhea. Self-reported diarrhea was also associated with adverse effects on travel plans and overall trip experience. While these results may seem intuitive, they have important implications and suggest that improving sanitation and hygiene standards in India could potentially enhance tourism.
Trend of metabolic risk factors among the population aged 25–64 years for non-communicable diseases over time in Vietnam: A time series analysis using national STEPs survey data
Authors: Vu Lan Thi Hoang , Bui Quyen Thi Tu , Khuong Long Quynh , Tran Bao Quoc , Lai Truong Duc , Hoang Minh Van 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe study aims to examine the trends of 4 metabolic NCDs risk factors including raised blood pressure, increased blood glucose, elevated blood lipids and overweight/obesity over the last 10 years in Vietnam as well as examine these trends among different sub-population by geographical area, gender, and age groups.MethodsThe study combined the national representative data from three rounds of STEPs survey in Vietnam conducted in 2010, 2015, and 2020 on people aged 25–64 years. The overall prevalence of each metabolic factor together with 95% CI for each time point as well as the stratified prevalence by rural/urban, male/female, and 4 separated age groups were calculated and considered the sampling weight. Cochran–Armitage test for trend was used to test for the differences in the prevalence over time.ResultsThe prevalence of hypertension, overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia among the population aged 25–64 years old was 28.3, 20.57, 6.96, and 15.63%, respectively in the year 2020. All NCD metabolic risk factors examined in this analysis show significantly increasing trends over time. For most age groups, the increasing burden of NCD metabolic risk factors was more significant during the period 2015–2020 compared to the period 2010–2015. Male population and population aged 55–64 experienced the most dramatic changes in the burden of all NCD metabolic risk factors.ConclusionTo reverse the increasing trend of NCD metabolic factors in Vietnam, intervention, and policy need to apply a comprehensive life course approach.
Factors related to self-rated health of older adults in rural China: A study based on decision tree and logistic regression model
Authors: Zhang Min , Rong Jian , Liu Song , Zhang Beibei , Zhao Yaodong , Wang Haibo , Ding Hong 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the related factors of self-rated health (SRH) by using decision tree and logistic regression models among older adults in rural China.MethodsConvenience sampling was employed with 1,223 enrolled respondents who met the inclusion criteria from 10 randomly selected villages in M County in China. The content of the questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, physical and mental health, sleep status, and risk of falling. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Morse Falls Risk Scale (MFS) were used to evaluate sleep status and risk of falling, respectively. The decision tree and logistic regression models were employed to analyze the related factors of SRH.ResultsNotably, 817 (68.7%) subjects had good SRH. The logistic regression model showed that living standard, alcohol consumption, sleep quality, labor, hospitalization, discomfort, the number of chronic diseases, and mental health were associated with SRH (P-value &lt; 0.05), while the decision tree model showed that the number of chronic diseases, sleep quality, mental health, hospitalization, gender, and drinking were associated with SRH. The sensitivity and specificity of the logistic regression model were 67.7 and 75.5%, respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.789 (0.763, 0.816); the sensitivity and specificity of the decision tree model were 71.5, and 61.4% respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.733 (0.703, 0.763).ConclusionDecision tree and logistic regression models complement each other and can describe the factors related to the SRH of the elderly in rural China from different aspects. Our findings indicated that mental health, hospitalization, drinking, and sleep quality were the important associated factors.