bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Analysis of Chronic Active Epstein–Barr Virus Infection Involving the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Wei Ang , Li Zhigang , Ma Honghao , Zhang Liping , Zhang Jing , He Lejian , Lian Hongyun , Zhang Qing , Chen Sitong , Xu Jiatong , Wang Dong , Liu Wei , Zhang Rui , Wang Tianyou 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Chronic active Epstein‒Barr virus infection (CAEBV) is an intractable and progressive disease. T cells or NK cells infected by EBV can proliferate and infiltrate into multiple organs. CAEBV combined with gastrointestinal involvement is a rare clinical disease that has not been well described, and sometimes it may clinically mimic gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods:
This was an observational study that included all pediatric CAEBV patients who were treated at Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June 2017 to June 2021. Patients were divided into the case group and the control group according to whether these patients had GI involvement. The children’s clinical manifestations, laboratory and ultrasound examinations, treatment and prognosis were observed.

Results:
Seventy-two patients were enrolled in this study. Fifteen patients had GI involvement, including 11 males and 4 females, accounting for 20.8%, with a median onset age of 3.71 (0.64–14.47) years. The most common clinical manifestation at onset was diarrhea (13/15). Gastrointestinal ultrasound showed pneumatosis intestinalis, mild to moderate swelling of the surrounding mesentery and omentum and enhancement on ultrasound. The endoscopic features were hyperemia, edema and ulcers of variable morphological characteristics. Pathological examination showed lymphocyte infiltration with EBV-encoded small RNA (+), and the common locations of involvement were the colon (n = 6) and gastric antrum (n=3). The median follow-up time was 13.26 (0.31–51.89) months. Ten patients survived, and 5 patients died (including 1 who died of intestinal perforation because of necrotizing enterocolitis). Compared with the control group, the case group had higher alanine aminotransferase levels, aspartate aminotransferase and whole blood EBV-DNA copies (P = 0.038, 0.040 and < 0.001) and lower natural killer cell activity (P < 0.001). The 3-year overall survival rate of the case group was significantly lower than that of the control group (59.3% ± 12.9% vs. 79.4% ± 4.9%, P = 0.021).

Conclusion:
The incidence of CAEBV with GI involvement was low. The most common location of involvement was the colon. CAEBV with GI involvement had a poor prognosis. Patients with high whole blood EBV-DNA copy levels early in their illness were more likely to develop GI involvement.
Nosocomial RSV-related In-hospital Mortality in Children <5 Years: A Global Case Series
Authors: Löwensteyn Yvette N. , Willemsen Joukje E. , Mazur Natalie I. , Scheltema Nienke M. , van Haastregt Nynke C. J. , Buuren Amber A. A. ten , van Roessel Ichelle , Scheepmaker Dunja , Nair Harish , van de Ven Peter M. , Bont Louis J. ,   on behalf of the RSV GOLD Study Group
Published: December 2022

Background:
According to the World Health Organization, the global burden of nosocomial infections is poorly characterized as surveillance systems are lacking. Nosocomial infections occur at higher rates in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) than in high-income countries (HICs). Current global RSV burden estimates are largely based on community-acquired infection. We aimed to characterize children with nosocomial RSV-related mortality and to understand the potential impact of RSV immunization strategies.

Materials:
RSV GOLD is a global registry of children younger than 5 years who died with laboratory-confirmed RSV infection. We compared clinical and demographic characteristics of children with nosocomial and community-acquired RSV in-hospital mortality.

Results:
We included 231 nosocomial and 931 community-acquired RSV-related in-hospital from deaths from 65 countries. Age at death was similar for both groups (5.4 vs. 6 months). A higher proportion of nosocomial deaths had comorbidities (87% vs. 57%; P < 0.001) or was born preterm (46% vs. 24%; P < 0.001) than community-acquired deaths. The proportion of nosocomial deaths among all RSV deaths was lower in LMICs than in upper-middle-income countries (UMICs) and HICs (12% vs. 18% and 26%, respectively).

Conclusions:
This is the first global case series of children dying with nosocomial RSV infection. Future infant-targeted immunization strategies could prevent the majority of nosocomial RSV-related deaths. Although nosocomial RSV deaths are expected to occur at highest rates in LMICs, the number of reported nosocomial RSV deaths was low in these countries. Hospital-based surveillance is needed to capture the full burden of nosocomial RSV mortality in LMICs.
Occurrence and Impacts of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Team-Sport Athletes: A Preliminary Survey
Authors: Wilson Patrick B. , Fearn Robert , Pugh Jamie 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
Although gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are prevalent in endurance athletes, scant research has examined GI symptoms in team-sport athletes, their impacts, and explanatory factors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of GI symptoms in team-sport athletes and identify potential risk factors.

Design:
An observational anonymous survey.

Setting:
Online.

Participants:
Hundred forty-three athletes (79 men and 64 women) from team-based sports, with soccer, rugby, and American football athletes comprising approximately 75% of the sample.

Assessments of Risk Factors:
Age, gender, body mass index, competition experience, trait anxiety, and resting GI symptoms.

Main Outcomes:
Gastrointestinal symptoms during training and competition.

Results:
Overall, past-month GI symptoms during training and competition were mild and relatively infrequent. However, 13.9% and 37.5% of men and women, respectively, reported that GI symptoms had ever impacted their performance. In comparison to men, women reported that nausea, bloating, and abdominal cramping were more likely to have affected performance (P < 0.05). Women also had higher trait anxiety and higher scores for resting GI symptoms, during-training GI symptoms, and during-competition GI symptoms (P < 0.001). Resting GI symptoms were the strongest predictor of training and competition GI symptoms (ρ = 0.46-0.67), although trait anxiety was also consistently correlated with competition GI symptoms (ρ = 0.29-0.38).

Conclusions:
This study suggests that female team-sport athletes experience a higher burden of GI symptoms than males, and that resting symptoms and anxiety predict competition symptoms. Interventions targeting anxiety could theoretically reduce GI symptoms in some team-sport athletes, but this should be confirmed through experimental designs.
Bronchial thermoplasty for the treatment of severe persistent asthma
Authors: Rodriguez Arnaldo Abraham , Chavez Dorys , Benzaquen Sadia 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
Severe asthma is associated with frequent hospital visits and impact in quality of life as well as healthcare associated costs. Limited treatment modalities exist to assist in reduction of frequent exacerbations in patients with severe asthma who are already on maximum inhaler therapy. As supporting data becomes more robust, novel treatments have gained attention such as bronchial thermoplasty and immune-directed therapies.

Recent findings
Based on review of recent studies, bronchial thermoplasty poses itself as a potential intervention for severe asthma, demonstrating a decrease in asthma exacerbations with long term clinical effect and safety profile at the expense of temporary uncontrolled asthma symptoms for the first six weeks following the procedure.

Summary
In select patients with severe asthma, bronchial thermoplasty is a well tolerated and effective treatment to reduce asthma exacerbation.
Unresectable Metastatic Testicular Germ Cell Tumor With Low-grade Neuroglial Neoplasm, Stable After Radiation and Chemotherapy
Authors: Tabibi Seena , Kamanda Sonia , Llosa Nicolas , Pratilas Christine A. , Duncan Brynn B. , Esteves Rodrigo Salgado , Matoso Andres 
Published: December 2022

We present an 18-year-old male patient who presented with a 16 cm testicular tumor alongside multiple lesions in the lungs, right pelvis with involvement of the ischio/pubic bone, and enlarged pelvic lymph nodes on imaging, suspicious for metastatic disease. Histologic and immunohistochemical examinations revealed an embryonic type neuroectodermal tumor (somatic-type malignancy, 10%) arising in a malignant mixed germ cell tumor composed of teratoma (50%), embryonal carcinoma (10%) and yolk sac tumor (30%). After treatment with chemotherapy and radiation, repeat imaging demonstrated a right pelvic sidewall mass that decreased in size from 40 mm at 11 months after the initial diagnosis to 18 mm at 22 months after the initial diagnosis. A right pelvis medial thigh wall mass that had a lytic bone component showed a slight increase in size from 151 mm at 11 months after the initial diagnosis to 154 mm at 22 months after the diagnosis. On biopsies performed at 3, 10, and 26 months after the initial diagnosis, this lytic lesion consistently demonstrated a neoplasm composed of low-grade neuroglial differentiation. This is the first case in the medical literature where a residual malignant germ cell tumor consisting of low-grade neuroglial neoplasm is in a site that is not amenable to resection without significant morbidity. The tumor initially regressed with the traditional first-line chemo-radiotherapy regimen but regrew and stabilized with a second regimen of chemotherapy. The clinical course of this case invites consideration for an active surveillance approach in cases with similar characteristics.
“Football is war” – FIFA's reactions to a real war and the response of football fans
Authors: Halabi Abdel K. , O’Connell Brendan 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe commentary examines the possible rational for Federation Internationale de Football Association(FIFA) sending a series of tweets on the Russian invasion of Ukraine.Design/methodology/approachThe commentary counts and analyses the number of tweets sent by FIFA media between 1 February and 1 March, 2020 and indicates that these concerning the war in Ukraine represent a radical departure from past topics. Stakeholder engagements with the tweets on the war were recorded and these far surpassed other regular topics.FindingsFIFA's stance in condemning the war and taking direct action against Russia was effective in generating far greater stakeholder engagements in Twitter than other football-related posts. While the tweets were favourably received by many fans, not all of that response was positive, and in fact, some were extremely hostile.Originality/valueAn analysis of tweets and their responses provides a relatively new and powerful mechanism for gauging stakeholder engagements. The authors also contribute to the literature on communication strategies of sporting bodies by demonstrating how the integration of social issues into social media posts is likely to exhibit a strong response, albeit not always favourable. When sporting bodies (such as FIFA) depart from their core mission, they risk alienating some stakeholders when they delve into controversial social and/or political issues.
Sustaining Traditionalism: an investigation into the vernacular transformation of the Khasi tribal houses of Sylhet
Authors: Monzur Nadia , Jany Md Rafsun 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis study aims at understanding the reasons causing the decline in the practice of traditional, regional architectural methods of creating house forms in the Khasia Punji at Jaflong, Sylhet area.Design/methodology/approachTwo main types of traditional and modern house forms were identified and studied in order to document and analyze the aspects of changes in the construction method and material uses, while the interviews together with observational, qualitative and descriptive study formed an insight into the changing socio-cultural dynamics and evolving lifestyle of the tribe. Apart from physical surveys, the primary data on settlement patterns over twenty years' time were reviewed through satellite imaging while the characteristics of local house forms were also collected from tourist photographs through time recorded in Google database.FindingsThe findings of this research have pointed out that in the case of the Khasi tribe, the shift in temporal context, accompanied by a shift in technological, socio-cultural and economic aspects, is fueling the transformation in the formal expression, material and methods of the house building.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations were posed in setting up more constructive and informative interview sessions with the Khasi people due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation which limited the survey outcomes in general.Practical implicationsThe scope of this study is to understand the changes and advances in socio-cultural, technological aspects of a society and their impact on the intricate patterns of life and customs that are evidently reflected in the transformation of built environments.Originality/valueThis research attempts to understand the causes behind the transformation of vernacular house forms, taking place in the Khasi village of Jaflong, Sylhet.
Burden or opportunity? The role of employees' regulatory focus in shaping the motivational processes of empowering leadership
Authors: Li Liyuan , Zhang Ying , Zheng Xiaoming 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe potential contradictory impact of empowering leadership may obfuscate its effectiveness. Empowering leadership is characterized not only by increased employees' autonomy but also by additional responsibilities and work demands, which may trigger different motivational processes for employees and lead to different perceptions of job stressors. This research aims to explore such contradictory impacts of empowering leadership on employees' perceived stressors by clarifying the complex motivational processes (intrinsic/extrinsic) experienced by employees when facing empowering leadership, as well as the boundary condition of employees' regulatory focus based on regulatory focus theory and self-determination theory (SDT).Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine the proposed theoretical model using a two-wave survey, with the data being collected from 294 employees working at a hotel in China.FindingsThe results show that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation mediate the relationship between empowering leadership and employees' perceived stressors and demonstrate the moderating role of an employee's regulatory focus. Specifically, a high promotion focus strengthens the relationship between empowering leadership and intrinsic motivation, while a high prevention focus strengthens the relationship between empowering leadership and extrinsic motivation.Practical implicationsManagers should consider the attributes of front-line service employees (e.g. are they promotion-focused or prevention-focused?) when demonstrating empowering leadership to prevent employees from misinterpreting that leadership as a source of stress.Originality/valueThis research helps to reconcile previously conflicting findings on empowering leadership by clarifying the complex motivational processes behind it. Furthermore, this research adopts a regulatory focus perspective to suggest that the reason why employees respond to their leaders differently is inherently associated with each employee's motivational tendencies.
Information enhancement or hindrance? Unveiling the impacts of user-generated photos in online reviews
Authors: Li Hengyun , Zhang Lingyan , Guo Rui (Ami) , Ji Haipeng , Yu Bruce X.B. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the promoting effects of the quantity and quality of online review user-generated photos (UGPs) on perceived review usefulness. The research further tests the hindering effect of human facial presence in review photos on review usefulness.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on review samples of restaurants in a tourist destination Las Vegas, this study used an integrated method combining a machine learning algorithm and econometric modeling.

Findings
Results indicate that the number of UGPs depicting a restaurant’s food, drink, menu and physical environment has positive impacts on perceived review usefulness. The quality of online review UGPs can also enhance perceived review usefulness, whereas facial presence in these UGPs hinders perceived review usefulness.

Practical implications
Findings suggest that practitioners can implement certain tactics to potentially improve consumers’ willingness to share more UGPs and UGPs with higher quality. Review websites could develop image-processing algorithms for identifying and presenting UGPs containing core attributes in prominent positions on the site.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to present a comprehensive analytical framework investigating the enhancing or hindering roles of review photo quantity, photo quality and facial presence in online review UGPs on review usefulness. Using the heuristic-systematic model as a theoretical foundation, this study verifies the additivity effect and attenuation effect of UGPs’ visual elements on judgements of online review usefulness. Furthermore, it extends scalable image data analysis by adopting a deep transfer learning algorithm in hospitality and tourism.
Empowering principals to conduct classroom observations in a centralized education system: does it make a difference for teacher self-efficacy and instructional practices?
Authors: Bellibaş Mehmet Şükrü 
Published: December 2022

PurposeIn 2014, Turkish policymakers implemented a policy change in the school inspection system that encouraged school principals to conduct classroom observations and provide feedback to teachers as a means to improve teaching. However, the question of whether or to what extent such feedback has an impact on teaching has not previously been researched. The study presented in this article scrutinizes the relationship between classroom observation feedback from principals and teachers’ classroom practices, as well as the mediating role of teachers’ self-efficacy in terms of instructional practices, student engagement and classroom management.Design/methodology/approachConfirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling are employed to examine the relationship among principals’ feedback, teacher self-efficacy and teachers’ instructional practices using data from the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS), compiled by the OECD in 2018.FindingsThese analyses indicate a small but significant direct correlation between principals’ feedback and teachers’ instructional practices, as well as an indirect relationship mediated by teacher self-efficacy in instructional practices.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings support the policy shift in Turkey by concluding that classroom observation feedback from principals makes contributions to the improvement of instructional practices.Originality/valueThis study establishes a connection between teachers’ classroom practices and leadership behaviors, which has not been extensively researched in developing nations.
Effect of risky decision-making and job satisfaction on turnover intention and turnover behavior among information technology employees
Authors: Ladelsky Limor Kessler , Lee Thomas William 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Turnover in high-tech companies has long been a concern for managers and executives. Recent meta-analyses from the general turnover literature consistently show that job satisfaction is a major attitudinal antecedent to turnover intention and turnover behavior. Additionally, the available research on information technology (IT) employees focuses primarily on turnover intentions and not on a risky decision-making perspective and actual turnover (turnover behavior). The paper aim is to focus on that.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses hierarchical ordinary least squares, process (Preacher and Hayes, 2004) and logistic regression.

Findings
The main predictor of actual turnover is risky decision-making, whereas job satisfaction is the main predictor of turnover intention.

Originality/value
The joint effects of risk and job satisfaction on turnover intention and behavior have not been studied in the IT domain. Hence, this study extends our understanding of turnover in general and particularly among IT employees by studying the combined effect of risk and job satisfaction on turnover intentions and turnover behavior. The study’s theoretical and practical implications are likewise discussed.
Auto-encoder-based algorithm for the selection of key characteristics for products to reduce inspection efforts
Authors: Greipel Jonathan S. , Frank Regina M. , Huber Meike , Steland Ansgar , Schmitt Robert H. 
Published: December 2022

PurposeTo ensure product quality within a manufacturing process, inspection processes are indispensable. One task of inspection planning is the selection of inspection characteristics. For optimization of costs and benefits, key characteristics can be defined by which the product quality can be checked with sufficient accuracy. The manual selection of key characteristics requires substantial planning effort and becomes uneconomic if many product variants prevail. This paper, therefore, aims to show a method for the efficient determination of key characteristics.Design/methodology/approachThe authors present a novel Algorithm for the Selection of Key Characteristics (ASKC) based on an auto-encoder and a risk analysis. Given historical measurement data and tolerances, the algorithm clusters characteristics with redundant information and selects key characteristics based on a risk assessment. The authors compare ASKC with the algorithm Principal Feature Analysis (PFA) using artificial and historical measurement data.FindingsThe authors find that ASKC delivers superior results than PFA. Findings show that the algorithms enable the cost-efficient selection of key characteristics while maintaining the informative value of the inspection concerning the quality.Originality/valueThis paper fills an identified gap for simplified inspection planning with the method for the efficient selection of key features via ASKC.