bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using human-centered design to co-design dedicated menstrual health spaces with menstruators in Bidi Bidi refugee settlement, Uganda: Learnings for further adaptation and scale in humanitarian settings
Authors: Beeman Aly , Kwesiga Joseph , Ippoliti Nicole , Bhandari Tanya , Pandya Geetika , Acam Faith Anne , Lee Saehee , Hope Rebecca , Gibbs Theodora , Levine Jordan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Menstruators in low- and middle-income countries struggle to manage their menstruation safely, hygienically, and with dignity. This is exacerbated in humanitarian settings with limited access to products and safe, private spaces for changing, washing, and disposing of menstrual products. To address these challenges, Youth Development Labs (YLabs) used a human-centered design approach to co-design the Cocoon Mini, a safe, physical structure for managing menstruation in the Bidi Bidi Refugee Settlement in Uganda. Methods:The study comprised five phases, including secondary research, design research, rough prototyping, live prototyping, and a pilot study. A total of 340 people participated in interviews, focus groups, and co-design sessions. Solution prototypes were created, evaluated, and iterated upon in each successive project phase. The final intervention design, the Cocoon Mini, was evaluated qualitatively for feasibility and acceptability during a three-month pilot using semi-structured interviews with menstruators utilizing Mini structures, other community members, and Mini supervisors. Results:Our results show widespread desirability and acceptability of the Cocoon Mini among menstruators and other community members. Overall, 95% of menstruators stated the space had made menstrual health management easier, primarily by providing designated disposal bins, solar lights, and additional water sources. The Mini provided an increased sense of physical and psychological safety in knowing where to manage menstruation. Furthermore, the Mini demonstrated that an intervention could be run and maintained sustainably at the household level in humanitarian contexts, without continued external stakeholder intervention. Each Mini structure cost approximately $360 USD to build and maintain and served 15-20 menstruators, leading to a cost per person of $18-$24. Additionally, each incinerator attached to the Mini structure used to dispose of soiled menstrual products cost $2110 USD. Conclusions:Menstruators lack access to safe, private spaces for menstrual health and product disposal in humanitarian settings. The Cocoon Mini provides a solution for the safe and effective management of menstruation. Customizing and scaling up dedicated MH spaces like the Cocoon Mini should be considered a high-priority intervention in humanitarian settings.
Embelin alleviates weaned piglets intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction via PCAF/NF-κB signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells.
Authors: Yao Weilei , Wang Tongxin , Huang Lu , Bao Zhengxi , Wen Shu , Huang Feiruo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Intestinal barrier plays key roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Inflammation damage can severely destroy the intestinal integrity of mammals. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of embelin and its molecular mechanisms on intestinal inflammation in a porcine model. One hundred sixty 21 day-old castrated weaned pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire, average initial body weight was 7.05 ± 0.28 kg, equal numbers of castrated males and females) were allotted to four groups and fed with a basal diet or a basal diet containing 200, 400, or 600 mg embelin/kg for 28 days, the growth performance, intestinal inflammatory cytokines, morphology of jejunum and ileum, tight junctions in the intestinal mucosa of piglets were tested. IPEC-1 cells with overexpression of P300/CBP associating factor (PCAF) were treated with embelin, the activity of PCAF and acetylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were analyzed to determine the effect of embelin on PCAF/NF-κB pathway in vitro.Results: The results showed that embelin decreased (P < 0.05) serum D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) levels, and enhanced the expression of ZO-1, Occludin and claudin-1 protein in jejunum and ileum. Moreover, the expression levels of critical inflammation molecules (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and NF-κB) were down-regulated (P < 0.05) by embelin in jejunal and ileal mucosa. Meanwhile, the activity of PCAF were down-regulated (P < 0.05) by embelin. Importantly, transfection of PCAF siRNAs to IPEC-1 cell decreased NF-κB activities; embelin treatment downregulated (P < 0.05) the acetylation and activities of NF-κB by 31.7–74.6% in IPEC-1 cells with overexpression of PCAF.Conclusions: These results suggested that embelin ameliorates intestinal inflammation in weaned pigs, which might be mediated by suppressing the PCAF/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Research on Virtual Machine Consolidation Strategy Based on Combined Prediction and Energy-aware in Cloud Computing Platform
Authors: Wang Jinjiang , Gu Hangyu , Yu Junyang , Song Yixin , He Xin , Song Yalin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the era of information explosion, the energy consumption of cloud data centers is significant. It’s critical to reduce the energy consumption of large-scale data centers while guaranteeing quality of service (QoS), especially the energy consumption of video cloud computing platforms. The application of virtual machine (VM) consolidation has been regarded as a promising approach to improve resource utilization and save energy of the data centers. In this paper, an energy efficient and QoS-aware VM consolidation method is proposed to address the issues. A combined prediction model based on grey model and ARIMA is applied to host status detection, and we provide a new scheme that VM placement policy based on resource utilization and varying energy consumption to search most suitable host and VM selection policy called AUMT selecting VM with low average CPU utilization and migration time. Extensive experimental results based on the Cloudsim simulator demonstrate that proposed approach enables to achieve the objectives reducing energy consumption, number of migrations, SLAV and ESV by an average of 56.07%, 79.21%, 91.01% and 84.34% compared with the benchmark methods and the AUMT can reduce energy consumption, the number of migrations and ESV by an average of 15.46%, 28.11% and 3.96% compared with the state-of-the-art method.
Comparative analysis of the culture of pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis and Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in biofloc system
Authors: Krummenauer Dariano , Silva André Freitas , Xavier Missileny , Foes Geraldo Kipper , Poersch Luis H. , Cardozo Alessandro , Wasielesky  
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Shrimp farming in Biofloc Technology System (BFT), is already considered as an alternative to the traditional culture system. The bioflocs keep the water quality and can be used as food supplement for shrimp. Most of the production in BFT is based on the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. However, its cultured is limited by the low temperatures. Thus, the in BFT culture potential of native species such as the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis should be considered. The present study aimed to compare the culture of F. brasiliensis and L. vannamei in the Grow out phase, in BFT system. The experiment was composed of two treatments: (FB) Grow out of F. brasiliensis (LV) Grow out of L. vannamei. The study lasted 70 days and was conducted at the Marine Station of Aquaculture from Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The stocking density were of 100 shrimp/m² for both species. The shrimp were fed twice a day with commercial food. Physicochemical parameters of the water were monitored throughout the experimental period. The results showed that all physicochemical parameters of the water remained within the tolerated limits for both species. However, a better zootechnical performance of the shrimp L. vannamei compared to F. brasiliensis during the growth phase in the BFT was observed. The results point L. vannamei has a higher capacity to catch bioflocs as supplementary food, demonstrate a better response of that species to the BFT system in the Grow out phase compared F. brasiliensis.
EGFR driving mutation in non-small-cell lung cancer influences the incidence and characteristics of related brain metastases
Authors: Pesce Alessandro , Armocida Daniele , Palmieri Mauro , Cofano Fabio , Mantovani Sara , Perna Giuseppe , Palmieri Giuseppe , Cassoni Paola , Salvati Maurizio , Antonelli Manila , D’Andrea Giancarlo , Anile Marco , Santoro Antonio , Frati Alessandro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Brain metastases (BMs) are the most common intracranial tumors in adults and the brain is one of the most frequent metastatic sites for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Some studies have hypothesized that EGFR expression in the primary tumor may result in clinically radiological and prognostic changes in related brain metastases, comparable to EGFR's correlation with prognosis in primary brain tumors. There are no current studies that clinically and radiologically demonstrate a difference between BMs from EGFR-mutated and wild-type NSCLC.Methods: We performed a retrospective study to identify prognostic factors for the survival of patients with NSCLC-BMs by exploring the role of driving mutations in NSCLC, focusing on EGFR mutated status, and comparing all morphological, radiological, and clinical features of NSCLC-BMs with their outcome parameters in a cohort of surgically treated patients. Results: The final cohort consisted of 81 patients. The overall survival of the cohort was 15±17 months. The tumor-related edema was associated with neurological symptoms at the clinical onset of the disease (p=.048). We found that EGFR and ALK mutation status did not reach significant associations with age, sex, and the morphology of the lesions. EGFR mutation in the primary tumor is positively associated with higher edema and tumor volume (respectively 22.38±21.35cm3 versus 7.68±8.44cm3 and 72.44±60.71cm3 versus 31.92cm3 p=.046 and p=.028). Moreover, EGFR mutation is associated with a clinical debut of seizures (p=.004).Conclusions: The role of EGFR and ALK mutations of NSCLC on prognostic characteristics of BMs is still to be fully clarified; however the results retrieved from the present study suggest that the presence of EGFR mutations significantly correlates with bigger edema volume and higher incidence of seizures. In recent studies, while EGFR mutation status did not affect the immune pathway scores of primary lung tumors, the overall immune pathway scores in related BMs indicate a peculiar immunogenic phenotype that could explain a large amount of edema volume. This study could be considered the first clinical and radiological demonstration of this immunological phenotype.
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q-13): Short-Form of EDE-Q
Authors: ESİN Kübra , AYYILDIZ Feride 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is a frequently used scale to evaluate eating behaviors and attitudes. In recent years, its use has increased due to the fact that the use of short forms is more practical. The aim of this study was to validate the short Turkish form of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q).Methods: The study included 924 adults at a mean age of 30.3±10.93 years. EDEQ-13 was translated and adapted to Turkish according to the Beaton guideline. The Eating Attitudes Test - 26 (EAT-26), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) were used to analyze their relationships with EDE-Q-13. Results: In this study, the rate of the total variance explained by the factors of EDE-Q-13 according to the Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) results of the scale was 83.545%. The Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was 0.897, and the Cronbach's alpha values of the 5 subscales were calculated in the range of 0.758-0.942. Criterion validity showed an acceptable correlation between the EAT-26, SWLS and BAS. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that the model obtained was within goodness-of-fit and acceptable -of-fit indexConclusion: Both EFA and CFA results showed that it is appropriate to use the Turkish EDE-Q-13. EDE-Q-13 was significantly correlated with eating disturbances, body appreciation, and life satisfaction. In conclusion, the Turkish version of EDE-Q-13 possesses high levels of validity and reliability.
Associations between serum mitokine levels and outcomes in stable COPD
Authors: Amado Carlos A. , Martín-Audera Paula , Agüero Juan , Lavín Bernardo A , Guerra Raúl A , Muñoz Pedro , Berja Ana , Casanova Ciro , García-Unzueta Mayte 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Mitokines (Humanin (HN), GDF15 and FGF21) are produced as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction and may have major roles in chronic inflammation, malnutrition and exercise capacity in people with COPD. Except for GDF15, studies on this subject are lacking.Methods: A total of 165 patients with stable COPD and 49 smokers without COPD were enrolled. We assessed their serum mitokine levels and clinical characteristics at baseline. We recorded moderate and severe exacerbation for the next 12 months.Results: Baseline serum HN (p=0.037) and GDF-15 (p= 0.013) levels were higher in the COPD group. High HN levels were independently associated with a high risk of exacerbation (HRE) (p=0.011), malnutrition (p=0.004) and 6MWD (p=0.008), and future moderate (p=0.007) and severe exacerbations (p=0.009). High GDF15 levels were associated with HRE (p=0.027), 6MWD (p=0.017) and predicted desaturation in 6MWT (p=0.006). High FGF21 levels were associated with HRE (p=0.05), and predicted future severe exacerbation (p=0.008). Conclusions: The mitokine levels were higher in patients with COPD than smokers without COPD, and were associated with important clinical outcomes such as exercise capacity and COPD exacerbation. Among the mitokines, HN showed the strongest relationship with COPD and may serve as a future risk biomarker in this disease. Trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT04449419; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Date of registration: June 26, 2020.
Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients in Binzhou, China during periods of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant BA.2 predominance: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study
Authors: Xu Haixiao , Huang Xiao , Xu Haiwei , Sun Mingyue , Liu Xiaojing , Zhang Mingming , Zhang Xue , Niu Chunliu , Tian Huanhuan , Li Jiankui , Hu Haoran , Ning Fangyu , Wang Tao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Since the first identification of the novel SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron in South Africa, it has rapidly spread around the world. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant BA.2. Methods: In this retrospective study, we extracted data for 422 patients in Binzhou COVID-19 treatment centerl from March 11 to April 28, 2022. Cases were analyzed on the basis of demographic, clinical, and laboratory data as well as radiological features. Results: Of 422 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant BA.2, there were 311 (73.7%) asymptomatic, 102 (24.1%) mild cases and 9 (2.1%) moderate cases. The median age was 38 years (IQR, 14 to 58) for all the participants, and the cohort included 207 men and 215 women. Compared with asymptomatic patients, moderate patients were older and had more chronic comorbidities (P<0.001). For all patients, Only 23 (5.5%) of 422 patients had never received any COVID-19 vaccine dose. Nonvaccination rate was significant difference between asymptomatic group and moderte group (4.5% vs 33.3%, p=0.001), respectively. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever, fatigue. Moderate patients had more ground-glass opacity, and patchy shadowing. Lymphopenia was present in 6.6% of all patients, which was more common in moderate patients than asymptomatic patients (44.4% vs 4.8%, P<0.001). Conclusion: Unvaccinated and older patients (>65 years) with comorbidities are at increased risk of moderate infection. Lymphopenia, increased D-dimer, ground-glass opacity, and patchy shadowing are common in moderate patients.
Description and genome analysis of Aoguangibacterium sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov., a noval denitrifying and carbon-fixing bacterium isolated from marine sediment
Authors: Yu Zi-Liang , Jia Ya-Wei , Du Yi-Heng , Du Zong-Jun , Mu Da-Shuai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic, red colony, mesophilic, and slightly halotolerant bacteria with carbon fixation and denitrification, designated strain D16T, was separated from intertidal surface sediments from Xiaoshi Island, Weihai, China. The strain was able to grow at 10–43°C, pH 5.5–9.5 and in 0–5% (w/v) NaCl. Optimum growth conditions of the strain were at pH 7.0, 30–33°C and 1% (w/v) NaCl. The predominant respiratory quinone, major fatty acids and polar lipids of the strain were (MK-6), (iso-C15:0, 32.0%, C16:0, 10.5%) and (DPG、PE、AGL、 GL、 AL、PGS), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and genomes indicated that strain D16T was the closest to genera Eudoraea, Poritiphilus, Muriicola, Robiginitalea and Zeaxanthinibacter, sharing 92–93% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the representative of these genera. The draft genome of strain D16T composed 3,225,638 bp, and the G + C content was 42.8 mol %. The ANI, dDDH, AAI values of strain D16T compared to similar genera ranged from 67.3 to 70.2%, 16.2 to 19.1% and 68.3 to 70.1%, respectively, below the threshold for recommended species division of ANI 95–96%, dDDH 70% and AAI 95%. Furthermore, POCP values between strain D16T and similar genera were less than 50.0%, consistent with the description of a new genus. Based on the results of phylogenetic, phenotypic, genotypic, chemotaxonomic analyses and comparative analysis of metabolic pathway, environmental distribution and characterization between in strain D16T and other relative genera of family Flavobacteriaceae, it is concluded that strain D16T represents a novel species of a noval genus of the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Aoguangibacterium sediminis gen.nov., sp. is proposed. The type strain is D16T (= MCCC 1H00463T = KCTC 82746T).
Construction and evaluation of a prognostic risk model of DNA mismatch repair related genes in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhao Yin Quan , Ma Sheng Jie , Fu Xue Qi , Wang Quan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:According to the expression of mismatch repair （MMR） genes, the status of MMR is referred as deficient MMR (dMMR) and proficient MMR (pMMR). It is believed that MMR status may predict cancer response/resistance to certain chemotherapies. However, even among dMMR/MSI-H patients, there are non-responders to immunotherapy, arising the urgent need to develop more sounding predictive biomarkers or models. Methods:Transcriptome data of CRC patients were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and limma package was used to screen deferentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, gene ontology (GO) functional annotations, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs were conducted. The univariate COX-LASSO-multivariate COX method was applied to construct the prognostic model. We also developed a nomogram for patient survival and carried out validation of the prognostic model.Results:Totally 414 DEGs were screened out in CRC patients and 8 prognostic DEGs (PBK, UBD, C1QTNF3_AMACR, CHN2, CTTNBP2, PIGR, GGH and HAGLR) were identify. CRC patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups in terms of risk scores. Patients in the high-risk group had shorter overall survival time than those in the low-risk group. Risk score was proven to be a valuable independent prognostic factor in both univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses. Moreover, 5 infiltrated immune cells were significantly different between the two groups. Patients in high-risk group had higher stromal and ESTIMATE scores, lower tumor purity and elevated expressions of 13 immune checkpoints. Prognostic nomograms were also constructed to visualize the relationship between individual predictors and survival probabilities in patients with CRC.Conclusions: An accurate MMR-related prognostic model was established and validated. In addition, this study revealed the potential mechanisms of distinct response to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer with different MMR status.
Serum Granulocyte-Monocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) is increased in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and persists despite anti-TNF treatment
Authors: Papagoras Charalampos , Tsiami Styliani , Chrysanthopoulou Akrivi , Mitroulis Ioannis , Baraliakos Xenofon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence supports the role of monocytes and neutrophils in radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA). Granulocyte-Monocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) is a growth factor for both leukocyte lineages and a pro-inflammatory cytokine activating myeloid cells and promoting osteoclastogenesis. It acts through the JAK-STAT pathway. We measured serum GM-CSF and markers of bone metabolism in patients with r-axSpA before and after anti-TNF treatment.Methods: Patients with active r-axSpA despite treatment with NSAIDs, all eligible for treatment with a biologic agent were recruited. Healthy donors were sampled as controls. Serum was collected before (baseline) and after 4-6 months (follow-up) of anti-TNF treatment and the following molecules were measured with ELISA: GM-CSF, Sclerostin (SOST) and Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1). Results: Twelve r-axSpA patients (7 males, 5 females, median age 37 years) with a median disease duration of 1 year and 16 age- and sex-matched controls were included. At baseline, patients had mean BASDAI 6.3±2 and ASDAS 3.2±0.7, which decreased to 4.1±1.7 and to 2.2±0.6 at follow-up, respectively. At baseline, r-axSpA patients had significantly higher mean serum levels of GM-CSF (150 vs 62pg/ml, p=0.049), significantly lower Dkk-1 (1228 vs 3052pg/ml, p=0.001), but similar levels of SOST (369 vs 544pg/ml, p=0.144) compared to controls. Anti-TNF treatment did not affect GM-CSF, Dkk-1 or SOST levels. Spearman correlation analysis showed that GM-CSF correlated positively with ASDAS at baseline (r=0.61, p=0.039), while no correlations were identified between bone markers (Dkk-1, SOST) on one hand and GM-CSF or disease activity indices on the other.Conclusions: GM-CSF is increased in patients with active AS and strongly correlates with disease activity. TNF inhibition does not affect GM-SCF levels, despite improving disease activity. GM-CSF may represent an important pathway responsible for residual inflammation during TNF blockade, but also a potential target of JAK inhibitors, explaining their efficacy in r-axSpA.