bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Prevalence of Thoracic Aortic Dilatation in Men with Previous Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Carlestål Emelie , Thorell Anders , Bergstrand Lott , Wilamowski Francis , Franco-Cereceda Anders , Olsson Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Identifying a useful marker for thoracic aortic dilatation (TAD) could help improve informed clinical decisions, enhance diagnosis, and develop TAD screening programs. Inguinal hernia could be such a marker. This study tested the hypothesis that the thoracic aorta is larger and more often dilated in men with previous inguinal hernia repair versus nonhernia controls.
Methods Four hundred men each with either previous inguinal hernia repair or cholecystectomy (controls) were identified to undergo chest computed tomography to measure the diameter of the thoracic aorta in the aortic root, ascending, isthmic, and descending aorta and to provide self-reported health data. Presence of TAD (root or ascending diameter > 45 mm; isthmic or descending diameter > 35 mm) and thoracic aortic diameters were compared between groups and associations explored using uni- and multivariable statistical methods.
Results Complete data were obtained from 470/718 (65%) eligible participants. TAD prevalence was significantly higher in the inguinal hernia group: 21 (10%) versus 6 (2.4%), p = 0.001 for proximal TAD, 29 (13%) versus 21 (8.3%), p = 0.049 for distal TAD, and 50 (23%) versus 27 (11%), p < 0.001 for all aortic segments combined. In multivariable analysis, previous inguinal hernia repair was independently associated with dilatation of the proximal aorta (odds ratio 5.3, 95% confidence interval 1.8–15, p = 0.003). Contrarily, mean thoracic aortic diameters were similar (root and ascending aorta) or showed clinically irrelevant differences (isthmus and descending aorta).
Conclusion TAD, but not increased aortic diameters on average, was common and significantly more prevalent in men with previous inguinal hernia repair. Hernia could be a marker condition associated with increased prevalence of TAD. Ultimately, TAD screening could consider hernia as a possible selection criterion.
The Role of Thromboelastography during the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage: Background, Evidence, and Practical Application
Authors: Collis Rachel , Bell Sarah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPostpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a common cause of significant maternal morbidity and mortality that can be associated with coagulopathy, especially hypofibrinogenemia. There is interest in point-of-care viscoelastic hemostatic assays (POC-VHA) in PPH because prompt knowledge of coagulation status can aid diagnosis, identify cases of severe coagulopathy, and allow ongoing monitoring during rapid bleeding. The incidence of coagulopathy in most cases of PPH is low because of the procoagulant state of pregnancy, including raised fibrinogen levels of around 4 to 6 g/L. A Clauss fibrinogen of >2 g/L or POC-VHA equivalent has been found to be adequate for hemostasis during PPH. POC-VHA has been used successfully to diagnose hypofibrinogenemia (Clauss fibrinogen of ≤2 g/L) and guide fibrinogen treatment which has reduced bleed size and complications of massive transfusion. There are uncertainties about the use of POC-VHA to direct fresh frozen plasma and platelet administration during PPH. Several POC-VHA algorithms have been used successfully incorporated in the management of many thousands of PPHs and clinicians report that they are easy to use, interpret, and aid decision making. Due to the relative cost of POC-VHA and lack of definitive data on improving outcomes, these devices have not been universally adopted during PPH.
Resonant Acoustic Rheometry to Measure Coagulation Kinetics in Hemophilia A and Healthy Plasma: A Novel Viscoelastic Method
Authors: Li Weiping , Hobson Eric C. , Bunch Connor M. , Miller Joseph B. , Nehme Jimmy , Kwaan Hau C. , Walsh Mark M. , McCurdy Michael T. , Aversa John G. , Thomas Anthony V. , Zackariya Nuha , Thomas Samuel J. , Smith Stephanie A. , Cook Bernard C. , Boyd Bryan , Stegemann Jan P. , Deng Cheri X. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCompared with conventional coagulation tests and factor-specific assays, viscoelastic hemostatic assays (VHAs) can provide a more thorough evaluation of clot formation and lysis but have several limitations including clot deformation. In this proof-of-concept study, we test a noncontact technique, termed resonant acoustic rheometry (RAR), for measuring the kinetics of human plasma coagulation. Specifically, RAR utilizes a dual-mode ultrasound technique to induce and detect surface oscillation of blood samples without direct physical contact and measures the resonant frequency of the surface oscillation over time, which is reflective of the viscoelasticity of the sample. Analysis of RAR results of normal plasma allowed defining a set of parameters for quantifying coagulation. RAR detected a flat-line tracing of resonant frequency in hemophilia A plasma that was corrected with the addition of tissue factor. Our RAR results captured the kinetics of plasma coagulation and the newly defined RAR parameters correlated with increasing tissue factor concentration in both healthy and hemophilia A plasma. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of RAR as a novel approach for VHA, providing the foundation for future studies to compare RAR parameters to conventional coagulation tests, factor-specific assays, and VHA parameters.
Fibrinolysis Shutdown and Hypofibrinolysis Are Not Synonymous Terms: The Clinical Significance of Differentiating Low Fibrinolytic States
Authors: Moore Hunter B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLow fibrinolytic activity has been associated with pathologic thrombosis and multiple-organ failure. Low fibrinolytic activity has two commonly associated terms, hypofibrinolysis and fibrinolysis shutdown. Hypofibrinolysis is a chronic state of lack of ability to generate an appropriate fibrinolytic response when anticipated. Fibrinolysis shutdown is the shutdown of fibrinolysis after systemic activation of the fibrinolytic system. There has been interchanging of these terms to describe critically ill patients in multiple settings. This is problematic in understanding the pathophysiology of disease processes related to these conditions. There is also a lack of research on the cellular mediators of these processes. The purpose of this article is to review the on and off mechanisms of fibrinolysis in the context of low fibrinolytic states to define the importance in differentiating hypofibrinolysis from fibrinolysis shutdown. In many clinical scenarios, the etiology of a low fibrinolytic state cannot be determined due to ambiguity if a preceding fibrinolytic activation event occurred. In this scenario, the term “low fibrinolytic activity” or “fibrinolysis resistance” is a more appropriate descriptor, rather than using assumptive of hypofibrinolysis and fibrinolysis shutdown, particularly in the acute setting of infection, injury, and surgery.
Performing the meanings of money in the trials of war orphans against Japan
Authors: Ahn Hyangseon , Ng Kwai Hang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUtilitarian accounts of monetary disputes hinge on too limited an understanding of the nature of money. This limitation is particularly salient when it is applied to studying the disputes regarding compensation in historical grievance litigations. This article, based on in-depth interviews with 40 “war orphans,” Japanese citizens who were left behind in China after Japan’s surrender in 1945, shows how parties primarily disagree on the question of “What for?” and not “How much?” We argue that the disputes centered around the meaning of the money offered by the Japanese government. We identify three types of “money acts” through which money is demanded and justified, labeled and categorized, divided and distributed. The lingering resentment felt by the war orphans can only be made sense of by attending to the meaning dimension of this legal-cum-political dispute that lasted for a decade.
Spanish-influenced lexical phenomena in emerging Miami English
Authors: Carter Phillip M. , Merii Kristen D’Alessandro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study considers the role of Spanish-to-English calques in a variety of English that has developed alongside Spanish in Miami (U.S.). Data were obtained from three sources: (1) a production experiment (translation task) conducted with two generations of Cuban Americans, (2) a perception experiment (acceptability task) conducted with Miami-based raters and raters from a national audience using Mechanical Turk, and (3) calques and related lexico-semantic phenomena culled from a corpus of sociolinguistic interviews conducted with Latinx college students. Results of the production task show that Spanish-dominant participants make robust use of calque expressions; second-generation participants use them less. Results of mixed linear effects regression analysis show that Miamians perceive of local expressions more favorably than national participants, though like national raters rank non-calque expressions more highly than calques. The approval of the Miami raters to the local expressions was driven primarily by six test items: (e.g.get down from the car).
From EFL teacher to CLIL teacher in Estonia
Authors: Raud Nina , Orehhova Olga 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContent and language integrated learning (CLIL) has been adopted in many countries as an attractive methodology to enhance both subject and language teaching. Successful implementation of CLIL is preconditioned by the availability of qualified CLIL teachers, which can be ensured through both pre-service and in-service teacher training. The article introduces a case of designing and implementing an in-service training course of CLIL methodology for English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers in Estonia. The results of a one year-long longitudinal study of EFL teachers’ professional development in CLIL methodology (2018–2019) have been used to develop and implement a needs-analysis-based CLIL in-service training course for a wider community of teachers of English in Estonia (2019–2020). The approach to designing such a tailored in-service training course of CLIL methodology can be applied by teacher educators in other educational contexts and countries.
When Contrastive Analysis meets Translation Studies
Authors: Shang Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContrastive Analysis and Translation Studies began to merge in the late 1990s through the bridging role of corpus linguistics. This corpus-driven, contrastive-analysis approach to Translation Studies now faces several challenges including the inappropriate use of corpora, a disconnect in the logical relationship between Contrastive Analysis and Translation Studies, and the potential for distorted results caused by translational data. To overcome these difficulties, this article proposes an alternative approach called thecorpus-tested Contrastive Analysis approach to Translation Studies, which draws on the typical empirical cycle of observation, induction, deduction, testing, and evaluation. The alternative approach proposed in this article requires both comparable corpora and translational corpora to account for key aspects of Contrastive Analysis and Translation Studies, and ensures the internal logical connection between these two areas, which can be attributed to the entailment law ‘ifp, thenq’.
Lorentzian vacuum transitions with a generalized uncertainty principle
Authors: García-Compeán H , Mata-Pacheco D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The vacuum transition probabilities between to minima of a scalar field potential in the presence of gravity are studied using the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation. First we propose a method to compute these transition probabilities by solving the Wheeler–DeWitt equation in a semi-classical approach for any model of superspace that contains terms of squared as well as linear momenta in the Hamiltonian constraint generalizing in this way previous results. Then we apply this method to compute the transition probabilities for a Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) metric with positive and null curvature and for the Bianchi III metric when the coordinates of minisuperspace obey a Standard Uncertainty Principle and when a Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) is taken into account. In all cases we compare the results and found that the effect of considering a GUP is that the probability is enhanced at first but it decays faster so when the corresponding scale factor is big enough the probability is reduced. We also consider the effect of anisotropy and compare the result of the Bianchi III metric with the flat FLRW metric which corresponds to its isotropy limit and comment the differences with previous works.
How to build an epithelial tree
Authors: Paramore Sarah V , Goodwin Katharine , Nelson Celeste M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nature has evolved a variety of mechanisms to build epithelial trees of diverse architectures within different organs and across species. Epithelial trees are elaborated through branch initiation and extension, and their morphogenesis ends with branch termination. Each of these steps of the branching process can be driven by the actions of epithelial cells themselves (epithelial-intrinsic mechanisms) or by the cells of their surrounding tissues (epithelial-extrinsic mechanisms). Here, we describe examples of how these mechanisms drive each stage of branching morphogenesis, drawing primarily from studies of the lung, kidney, salivary gland, mammary gland, and pancreas, all of which contain epithelial trees that form through collective cell behaviors. Much of our understanding of epithelial branching comes from experiments using mice, but we also include examples here from avian and reptilian models. Throughout, we highlight how distinct mechanisms are employed in different organs and species to build epithelial trees. We also highlight how similar morphogenetic motifs are used to carry out conserved developmental programs or repurposed to support novel ones. Understanding the unique strategies used by nature to build branched epithelia from across the tree of life can help to inspire creative solutions to problems in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Photometric Properties and Stellar Parameters of the Rapidly Rotating Magnetic Early-B Star HD 345439
Authors: Shen Dong-Xiang , Liu Jin-Zhong , Zhu Chun-Hua , Lü Guo-Liang , Zhang Yu , Lü Cheng-Long , Wang Hao-Zhi , Li Lei , Lu Xi-Zhen , Yu Jin-Long , Rustem Abdurepqet 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We first present the multicolor photometry results of the rapidly rotating magnetic star HD 345439 using the Nanshan One-meter Wide-field Telescope. From the photometric observations, we derive a rotational period of 0.7699 ± 0.0014 day. The light curves of HD 345439 are dominated by the double asymmetric S-wave feature that arises from the magnetic clouds. Pulsating behaviors are not observed in Sector 41 of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. No evidence is found of the occurrence of centrifugal breakout events neither in the residual flux nor in the systematic variations at the extremum of the light curve. Based on the hypothesis of the Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere model, we restrict the magnetic obliquity angle β and the rotational inclination angle i so that they satisfy the approximate relation β + i ≈ 105°. The color excess, extinction, and luminosity are determined to be E
(B−V) = 0.745 ± 0.016 mag, A

V
= 2.31 ± 0.05 mag, and

log
(
L

/

L

⊙

)
=
3.82
±
0.1

dex, respectively. Furthermore, we derive the effective temperature as T
eff = 22 ± 1 kK and the surface gravity as log g = 4.00 ± 0.22. The mass

M
=

7.24

−
1.24

+
1.75

M

⊙

, radius

R
=

4.44

−
1.93

+
2.68

R

⊙

, and age

τ

age

=
23.62

−
21.97

+
4.24

Myr are estimated from the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram.
Use of regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces and intramuscular electrodes to improve prosthetic grasp selection: a case study
Authors: Lee Christina , Vaskov Alex K , Gonzalez Michael A , Vu Philip P , Davis Alicia J , Cederna Paul S , Chestek Cynthia A , Gates Deanna H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Advanced myoelectric hands enable users to select from multiple functional grasps. Current methods for controlling these hands are unintuitive and require frequent recalibration. This case study assessed the performance of tasks involving grasp selection, object interaction, and dynamic postural changes using intramuscular electrodes with regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces (RPNIs) and residual muscles. Approach. One female with unilateral transradial amputation participated in a series of experiments to compare the performance of grasp selection controllers with RPNIs and intramuscular control signals with controllers using surface electrodes. These experiments included a virtual grasp-matching task with and without a concurrent cognitive task and physical tasks with a prosthesis including standardized functional assessments and a functional assessment where the individual made a cup of coffee (‘Coffee Task’) that required grasp transitions. Main results. In the virtual environment, the participant was able to select between four functional grasps with higher accuracy using the RPNI controller (92.5%) compared to surface controllers (81.9%). With the concurrent cognitive task, performance of the virtual task was more consistent with RPNI controllers (reduced accuracy by 1.1%) compared to with surface controllers (4.8%). When RPNI signals were excluded from the controller with intramuscular electromyography (i.e. residual muscles only), grasp selection accuracy decreased by up to 24%. The participant completed the Coffee Task with 11.7% longer completion time with the surface controller than with the RPNI controller. She also completed the Coffee Task with 11 fewer transition errors out of a maximum of 25 total errors when using the RPNI controller compared to surface controller. Significance. The use of RPNI signals in concert with residual muscles and intramuscular electrodes can improve grasp selection accuracy in both virtual and physical environments. This approach yielded consistent performance without recalibration needs while reducing cognitive load associated with pattern recognition for myoelectric control (clinical trial registration number NCT03260400).
Decoding lexical tones and vowels in imagined tonal monosyllables using fNIRS signals
Authors: Guo Zengzhi , Chen Fei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Speech is a common way of communication. Decoding verbal intent could provide a naturalistic communication way for people with severe motor disabilities. Active brain computer interaction (BCI) speller is one of the most commonly used speech BCIs. To reduce the spelling time of Chinese words, identifying vowels and tones that are embedded in imagined Chinese words is essential. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been widely used in BCI because it is portable, non-invasive, safe, low cost, and has a relatively high spatial resolution. Approach. In this study, an active BCI speller based on fNIRS is presented by covertly rehearsing tonal monosyllables with vowels (i.e. /a/, /i/, /o/, and /u/) and four lexical tones in Mandarin Chinese (i.e. tones 1, 2, 3, and 4) for 10 s. Main results. fNIRS results showed significant differences in the right superior temporal gyrus between imagined vowels with tone 2/3/4 and those with tone 1 (i.e. more activations and stronger connections to other brain regions for imagined vowels with tones 2/3/4 than for those with tone 1). Speech-related areas for tone imagery (i.e. the right hemisphere) provided majority of information for identifying tones, while the left hemisphere had advantages in vowel identification. Having decoded both vowels and tones during the post-stimulus 15 s period, the average classification accuracies exceeded 40% and 70% in multiclass (i.e. four classes) and binary settings, respectively. To spell words more quickly, the time window size for decoding was reduced from 15 s to 2.5 s while the classification accuracies were not significantly reduced. Significance. For the first time, this work demonstrated the possibility of discriminating lexical tones and vowels in imagined tonal syllables simultaneously. In addition, the reduced time window for decoding indicated that the spelling time of Chinese words could be significantly reduced in the fNIRS-based BCIs.
Improving pre-movement pattern detection with filter bank selection
Authors: Jia Hao , Sun Zhe , Duan Feng , Zhang Yu , Caiafa Cesar F , Solé-Casals Jordi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Pre-movement decoding plays an important role in detecting the onsets of actions using low-frequency electroencephalography (EEG) signals before the movement of an upper limb. In this work, a binary classification method is proposed between two different states. Approach. The proposed method, referred to as filter bank standard task-related component analysis (FBTRCA), is to incorporate filter bank selection into the standard task-related component analysis (STRCA) method. In FBTRCA, the EEG signals are first divided into multiple sub-bands which start at specific fixed frequencies and end frequencies that follow in an arithmetic sequence. The STRCA method is then applied to the EEG signals in these bands to extract CCPs. The minimum redundancy maximum relevance feature selection method is used to select essential features from these correlation patterns in all sub-bands. Finally, the selected features are classified using the binary support vector machine classifier. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is an alternative approach to select canonical correlation patterns. Main Results. Three methods were evaluated using EEG signals in the time window from 2 s before the movement onset to 1 s after the movement onset. In the binary classification between a movement state and the resting state, the FBTRCA achieved an average accuracy of 0.8968 ± 0.0847 while the accuracies of STRCA and CNN were 0.8228 ± 0.1149 and 0.8828 ± 0.0917, respectively. In the binary classification between two actions, the accuracies of STRCA, CNN, and FBTRCA were 0.6611 ± 0.1432, 0.6993 ± 0.1271, 0.7178 ± 0.1274, respectively. Feature selection using filter banks, as in FBTRCA, produces comparable results to STRCA. Significance. The proposed method provides a way to select filter banks in pre-movement decoding, and thus it improves the classification performance. The improved pre-movement decoding of single upper limb movements is expected to provide people with severe motor disabilities with a more natural, non-invasive control of their external devices.