bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting the A3 adenosine receptor to prevent and reverse chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicities in mice
Authors: Singh Anand Kumar , Mahalingam Rajasekaran , Squillace Silvia , Jacobson Kenneth A. , Tosh Dilip K. , Dharmaraj Shruti , Farr Susan A. , Kavelaars Annemieke , Salvemini Daniela , Heijnen Cobi J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCisplatin is used to combat solid tumors. However, patients treated with cisplatin often develop cognitive impairments, sensorimotor deficits, and peripheral neuropathy. There is no FDA-approved treatment for these neurotoxicities. We investigated the capacity of a highly selective A3 adenosine receptor (AR) subtype (A3AR) agonist, MRS5980, to prevent and reverse cisplatin-induced neurotoxicities. MRS5980 prevented cisplatin-induced cognitive impairment (decreased executive function and impaired spatial and working memory), sensorimotor deficits, and neuropathic pain (mechanical allodynia and spontaneous pain) in both sexes. At the structural level, MRS5980 prevented the cisplatin-induced reduction in markers of synaptic integrity. In-situ hybridization detected Adora3 mRNA in neurons, microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. RNAseq analysis identified 164 genes, including genes related to mitochondrial function, of which expression was changed by cisplatin and normalized by MRS5980. Consistently, MRS5980 prevented cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased signs of oxidative stress. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the A3AR agonist upregulates genes related to repair pathways including NOTCH1 signaling and chromatin modification in the cortex of cisplatin-treated mice. Importantly, A3AR agonist administration after completion of cisplatin treatment resolved cognitive impairment, neuropathy and sensorimotor deficits. Our results highlight the efficacy of a selective A3AR agonist to prevent and reverse cisplatin-induced neurotoxicities via preventing brain mitochondrial damage and activating repair pathways. An A3AR agonist is already in cancer, clinical trials and our results demonstrate management of neurotoxic side effects of chemotherapy as an additional therapeutic benefit.
Human olfactory mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis revealing an inhibitory role for IL16 on myelination
Authors: Lindsay Susan L. , Molęda Aleksandra M. , MacLellan Lindsay M. , Keh Siew Min , McElroy Daniel E. , Linington Christopher , Goodyear Carl S. , Barnett Susan C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOne of the therapeutic approaches for the treatment of the autoimmune demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis (MS) is bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (hBM-MSCs) transplantation. However, given their capacity to enhance myelination in vitro, we hypothesised that human olfactory mucosa-derived MSCs (hOM-MSCs) may possess additional properties suitable for CNS repair. Herein, we have examined the efficacy of hOM-MSCs versus hBM-MSCs using the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. Both MSC types ameliorated disease, if delivered during the initial onset of symptomatic disease. Yet, only hOM-MSCs improved disease outcome if administered during established disease when animals had severe neurological deficits. Histological analysis of spinal cord lesions revealed hOM-MSC transplantation reduced blood–brain barrier disruption and inflammatory cell recruitment and enhanced axonal survival. At early time points post-hOM-MSC treatment, animals had reduced levels of circulating IL-16, which was reflected in both the ability of immune cells to secrete IL-16 and the level of IL-16 in spinal cord inflammatory lesions. Further in vitro investigation revealed an inhibitory role for IL-16 on oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. Moreover, the availability of bioactive IL-16 after demyelination was reduced in the presence of hOM-MSCs. Combined, our data suggests that human hOM-MSCs may have therapeutic benefit in the treatment of MS via an IL-16-mediated pathway, especially if administered during active demyelination and inflammation.
Capability of airline jets as an observation platform for noctilucent clouds at middle latitudes
Authors: Suzuki Hidehiko , Matsumoto Ayako , Dalin Peter , Nakamura Yuriko , Ishii Satoshi , Sakanoi Kazuyo , Sakaguchi Kaori , Takada Taku , Tsuda Takuo T. , Hozumi Yuta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe exact occurrence frequency of noctilucent clouds (NLCs) in middle latitudes is significant information because it is thought to be sensitive to long-term atmospheric change. We conducted NLC observation from airline jets in the Northern Hemisphere during the summer 2019 to evaluate the effectiveness of NLC observation from airborne platforms. By cooperating with the Japanese airline All Nippon Airways (ANA), imaging observations of NLCs were conducted on 13 flights from Jun 8 to Jul 12. As a result of careful analysis, 8 of these 13 flights were found to successfully detect NLCs from middle latitudes (lower than 55° N) during their cruising phase. Based on the results of these test observations, it is shown that an airline jet is a powerful tool to continuously monitor the occurrence frequency of NLCs at midlatitudes which is generally difficult with a polar orbiting satellite due to sparse sampling in both temporal and spatial domain. The advantages and merits of NLC observation from jets over satellite observation from a point of view of imaging geometry are also presented.
Survival Versus Attraction Advantages and Talent Selection in Sport
Authors: Baker Joseph , Johnston Kathryn , Wattie Nick 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAthlete selection (often referred to as talent selection) reflects the end point of what is a complex decision-making process coaches, administrators, and/or scouts use when deciding who remains and who is removed from a sample of potential athletes. In this paper, we conceptualize athlete selection as an evolutionary process where selection pressures (e.g., performance demands, system limitations) influence the value of one trait/characteristic over another. Athletes are selected either through demonstrating enhanced performance (survival advantages) or by having characteristics that are desirable to the coach/recruiter making the selection (attraction advantages). Based on these varying pressures, our understanding of whether profiles of current athletes represent the actual elements of performance necessary for success or simply those most needed for selection at key points in athlete development is extremely limited.
Identification and development of the novel 7-genes diagnostic signature by integrating multi cohorts based on osteoarthritis
Authors: Han Yaguang , Wu Jun , Gong Zhenyu , Zhou Yiqin , Li Haobo , Chen Yi , Qian Qirong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
A chronic progressive degenerative joint disease, such as osteoarthritis (OA) is positively related to age. The medical economy is facing a major burden, because of the high disability rate seen in patients with OA. Therefore, to prevent and treat OA, exploring the diagnostic biomarkers of OA will be of great significance.

Methods
Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database using the RobustRankAggreg R package, and a protein–protein interaction network was constructed. The module was obtained from Cytoscape, and the four algorithms of degree, MNC, closeness, and MCC in CytoHubba were used to identify the hub genes. A diagnostic model was constructed using Support Vector Machines (SVM), and the ability of the model to predict was evaluated by other cohorts.

Results
From normal and OA samples, 136 DEGs were identified, out of which 45 were downregulated in the normal group and 91 were upregulated in the OA group. These genes were associated with the extracellular matrix-receptor interactions, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and the protein digestion and absorption pathway, as per a functional enrichment analysis. Finally, we identified the 7 hub genes (COL6A3, COL1A2, COL1A1, MMP2, COL3A1, POST, and FN1). These genes have important roles and are widely involved in the immune response, apoptosis, inflammation, and bone development. These 7 genes were used to construct a diagnostic model by SVM, and it performed well in different cohorts. Additionally, we verified the methylation expression of these hub genes.

Conclusions
The 7-genes signature can be used for the diagnosis of OA and can provide new ideas in the clinical decision-making for patients with OA.
Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Infant Scales
Authors: Sato Iori , Soejima Takafumi , Ikeda Mari , Kobayashi Kyoko , Setoyama Ami , Kamibeppu Kiyoko 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
PedsQL Infant Scales (PedsQL-I) are used to assess parent-reported health-related quality of life for children younger than 2 years. We determined the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Japanese version of the PedsQL-I.

Methods
A total of 183 participants (parents) with infants aged 1–30 months were recruited from 8 day care centers and one pediatric clinic. Participants completed the PedsQL-I (infants aged 1–18 months), the PedsQL-I and the PedsQL-Toddler version (infants aged 19–30 months), and the Kessler-6 psychological distress scale (all participants). We determined feasibility, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, concurrent validity, convergent and discriminant validity, known-groups validity with regard to acute and chronic illness, and relative and transitional validity with PedsQL-Toddler for the use in infants aged 25–30 months.

Results
All subscales were internally consistent (Cronbach’s alpha for 1–12 months: 0.88–0.98 and for 13–24 months: 0.85–0.97); test–retest reliability was acceptable (intra-class correlation coefficients > 0.40); and all scales were concurrently valid with the PedsQL-Toddler version (Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient for the total score = 0.74). The scales’ convergent and discriminant validity were acceptable (scaling success rate > 80%). Validation for known-groups showed that the Physical Health Summary score was sensitive to acute and chronic disease, the Psychosocial Health Summary score was sensitive to neither acute nor chronic disease, and the total score was sensitive to acute disease. Relative validity showed a ratio of 1.74 for the squared t values for the total score.

Conclusions
The PedsQL-I is suitable for assessing health-related quality of life in infants aged 1–24 months in prospective studies.
Vitamin E and quercetin attenuated the reproductive toxicity mediated by lead acetate in male Wistar
Authors: Oyeyemi Wahab Adekunle , Akinola Adeniran Oluwadamilare , Daramola Oore-oluwapo Ololade , Aikpitanyi Ikponmwosa , Durotoluwa Opeyemi Tosin , Alele Precious-Gift Olohigbe , Ogieriakhi Iyesogie Osaretin , Okoro Tseye Daisy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Heavy metals are well documented to induce reproductive toxicity. This study was designed to investigate the role of vitamin E and quercetin on reproductive toxicity mediated by lead acetate in male Wistar rats. Thirty male adult Wistar rats were grouped into six (n = 5 per group) as follows: Group 1 (Control); Group 2 and 3 were administered with 100 mg/kg vitamin E and quercetin, respectively; Group 4 was administered with 30 mg/kg lead acetate; Groups 5 and 6 received lead acetate with vitamin E and lead acetate with quercetin, respectively.

Results
Lead acetate significantly increased (p < 0.05) testicular malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, lead ion and abnormal sperm morphology, while testicular catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, calcium ion, zinc ion, serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, sperm count, motility, average path, curvilinear velocity, and sperm viability were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). The co-administration of lead acetate with vitamin E and quercetin significantly reversed (p < 0.05) the testicular level of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, lead ion, abnormal sperm morphology, catalase superoxide dismutase activities, calcium ion, zinc ion, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, sperm count, motility, average path velocity and sperm viability.

Conclusions
Vitamin E and quercetin attenuated the reproductive toxicity induced by lead acetate in the male Wistar rats, and this suggests that vitamin E and quercetin may serve as possible therapeutic agents in improving male reproductive functions in heavy metal toxicity.
SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with large pneumothorax—a case report
Authors: Hassan Muhammad , Syed Fibhaa , Khan Naveed Ullah , Jan Zakir , Mushtaq Hafiza Faiza , Hussain Nadir , Badshah Mazhar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe pandemic of severe acute respiratory virus (SARS-CoV-2) is characterized by respiratory symptoms with serious consequences, mainly associated with pneumonia and extreme ARDS. There is a lack of data about pneumothorax associated with COVID-19 infections in current literature. Radiological features in SARS-CoV-2 include subpleural bilateral ground-glass appearance and many areas of irregular consolidation in the lungs. We here present a case of SARS-CoV-2 that was complicated by acute pneumothorax, and despite prompt treatment, that patient could not be saved. A 55-years-old male with no previous lung disease or any other history confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia developed a large pneumothorax on the third day of his presentation and was immediately intubated via a chest tube but could not be saved. SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR was positive. The patient expired around 12 h after chest intubation. Recommended treatment could not be started yet as the patient expired before it could be decided.
Temporal Trends in Outcomes in Patients With Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Multidisciplinary Referral-center Experience
Authors: Daher Marilyne , Varghese Jeena , Gruschkus Stephen K , Jimenez Camilo , Waguespack Steven G , Bedrose Sara , Altameemi Lina , Bazerbashi Hadil , Naing Aung , Subbiah Vivek , Campbell Matthew T , Shah Amishi Y , Zhang Miao , Sheth Rahul A , Karam Jose A , Wood Christopher G , Perrier Nancy D , Graham Paul H , Lee Jeffery E , Habra Mouhammed Amir 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
Reporting temporal trends in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) helps guide management strategies.

Objective
This work aimed to report the trends in disease burden and clinical outcomes over time that cannot be adequately captured from individual clinical trials.

Methods
A retrospective study was held of ACC patients seen at a referral cancer center between February 1998 and August 2019. Clinical outcomes were compared between an early cohort (February 1998-June 2007) and a late cohort (July 2007-August 2019).

Results
A total of 621 patients included with a median age at diagnosis of 49.3 years (range, 0.5-86.6 years). There were 285 (45.9%) patients with hormonal overproduction. More patients in the late cohort had stage IV disease compared to the early cohort (36.8% vs 23.1%; P &lt; .0001). Resection of the primary tumor was performed in 502 patients (80.8%). Complete resection (R0) was more common in the late cohort (165 [60.2%]) than in the early cohort (100 [44.6%]; P = .0005). Of 475 patients with metastatic disease (stage IV or recurrent metastatic disease), 352 (74.1%) received mitotane, 320 (67.4%) received chemotherapy, and 53 (11.2%) received immunotherapy. In the early cohort, 70 (33%) received 2 or more lines of therapy, whereas in the late cohort, 127 (48%) received 2 or more lines of therapy. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 65%, 58%, 45%, and 10% for stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively, whereas the 2-year OS rates in patients with stage IV disease was 24% in the early cohort and 46% in the late cohort (P = .01).

Conclusion
ACC clinical outcomes improved over the past 2 decades as more patients had complete resection or received more lines of systemic therapy.
Coexistence of Renin-independent Aldosterone Secretion and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Within a Family
Authors: Obata Yoshinari , Takayama Kana , Maruo Yumiko , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Fujii Kohei , Hata Sonyun , Togawa Yuri , Sanda Azusa , Kosugi Motohiro , Hazama Yoji , Yasuda Tetsuyuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA) is a state of renin-independent aldosterone secretion that can range from subclinical to overt. Some normotensive individuals for whom PA screening is not routinely recommended are reported to fulfill the loading test criterion used for the diagnosis of PA. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of various endocrine tumors. Cases of PA associated with MEN1 have been reported; however, there has been no previous report on renin-independent aldosterone secretion within a family with MEN1. Herein, we present the case of a normotensive family presenting with both MEN1 and renin-independent aldosterone secretion. A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for PA evaluation owing to the plasma aldosterone concentration/plasma renin activity ratio being greater than the screening cut-off value; the patient was normotensive. The patient had a history of left nephrectomy and adrenalectomy for left renal carcinoma and adrenal tumor at the age of 39 years. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with MEN1 concurrent with primary hyperparathyroidism, insulinoma, and novel MEN1 gene mutations (c.655-5_655-4insC and c.818delC). The loading tests for PA confirmation, including saline infusion, and furosemide upright and captopril challenge tests, yielded positive findings, confirming a case of renin-independent aldosterone secretion. The patient’s mother, brother, and sister were also genetically or clinically diagnosed with MEN1. All of them were also normotensive and confirmed to have renin-independent aldosterone secretion. The coexistence of renin-independent aldosterone secretion and MEN1 within this family suggests a relationship between the 2 entities.
17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase Deficiency in 46,XY: Our Experience and Review of Literature
Authors: Maheshwari Madhur , Arya Sneha , Lila Anurag Ranjan , Sarathi Vijaya , Barnabas Rohit , Rai Khushnandan , Bhandare Vishwambhar Vishnu , Memon Saba Samad , Karlekar Manjiri Pramod , Patil Virendra , Shah Nalini S , Kunwar Ambarish , Bandgar Tushar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
There are more than 100 pathogenic variants in CYP17A1 that have been identified in patients with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD).

Objective
We aimed to describe 46,XY patients with 17OHD from our center and review the literature.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed genetically proven index cases of 17OHD from our 46,XY disorders of sex development cohort and reviewed similar cases from the literature (n = 150). Based on the phenotype, 17OHD probands were classified into combined severe deficiency (n = 128) and combined partial deficiency (n = 16). Additionally, patients with the apparent isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency (n = 7, from 6 families) were noted. Residual enzyme activities with the observed mutant enzymes were divided in 2 categories as &lt; 1% and ≥ 1%, each for hydroxylase and lyase.

Results
We present 4 index cases of 46,XY 17OHD with a complete spectrum of undervirilization and 2 novel variants in CYP17A1. In the review, the combined severe deficiency was the most common form, with more frequent female sex of rearing, hypertension, hypokalemia, suppressed renin, higher plasma corticotropin, lower serum cortisol, and androgens. Immunoassay-measured serum aldosterone was frequently (68.2%) unsuppressed (&gt;5 ng/dL). Elevated serum progesterone had high sensitivity for diagnosis of combined 17OHD, even in combined partial deficiency (83.3%). Among patients with clinical phenotype of combined severe deficiency, 11.5% had partial 17α-hydroxylase and complete 17,20-lyase deficiency (&gt;1%/&lt;1%) and had significantly higher serum cortisol than those with &lt; 1%/&lt;1% activity.

Conclusion
We report the first monocentric case series of Asian Indian 46,XY patients with 17OHD. We propose that a phenotype of severe undervirilization with milder cortisol deficiency may represent a distinct subtype of combined severe 17OHD with residual 17α-hydroxylase activity but severe 17,20-lyase deficiency (&gt;1%/&lt;1%), which needs further validation.
Assessing knowledge of nosocomial infection among Omani student nurses: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alriyami Mallak , Al Omari Omar , Al-Daken Laila , Alriyami Thikra , Al Rashdi Ranin , Al Shukaili Shahad , Al-Alawi Tamouh , Al Qadire Mohammad 
Published: January 2022

Background: The total cost and negative health associated with nosocomial infection are high and early interventions are required. Assessing students' knowledge about nosocomial infection may contribute to solving this issue. Aims: The present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of nosocomial infection among student nurses and to identify their main sources of information on the topic. Methods: A total of 330 student nurses at Sultan Qaboos University completed the online survey, which included participants' demographics and the Infection Control Standardized Questionnaire (ICSQ). Findings: The results of the study reveal the average total corrected score of the participants was 51.53 (SD=0.89) out of 100, with a minimum score of 16 and a maximum score of 96. Female students had a higher average score (13.9, SD=4.34) than male students (11.6, SD=3.2); t(328)=5.35. Conclusion: The student nurses did not have a sufficient level of knowledge about nosocomial infection. This calls for a review of nursing curricula to pave the way for more pragmatic teaching of infection control.
Effectiveness of scheduled vital signs assessment during infliximab infusions in detecting infusion reactions: a multi-centre retrospective data review
Authors: Casey Julia 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine if scheduled vital signs monitoring is useful in the detection of infusion reactions to infliximab (IFX). Methods: The infusion records of 35,988 IFX infusions completed in 2017 were reviewed for infusion reactions that occurred during the infusion, which were then examined further to determine how those infusion reactions were detected. Results: Of the 90 complete infusion reaction records reviewed, no infusion reactions (0) were detected by scheduled vital signs assessment. Conclusions: According to the infusion reaction data reviewed, scheduled vital sign assessment did not detect any infusion reactions and may not be necessary for the purpose of monitoring patients during infusions for early detection of infusion reactions. Previous research into IFX infusion reactions reviewed also concluded that scheduled vital signs assessment may not be helpful in the detection of infusion reactions and, in many cases, vital signs did not vary significantly enough from baseline to signal an infusion reaction.
Managing central venous catheter dressings: a short gut syndrome case study
Authors: Langford Melissa , Leal Maria , Patton Lindsey 
Published: January 2022

Central venous catheters are necessary in treatment and care of pediatric patients with short gut syndrome. Despite necessity, central venous catheters come with the risk of developing CLABSI. This manuscript describes a complex, pediatric gastroenterology patient with multiple risk factors who developed a CLABSI. Short gut syndrome patients can develop skin conditions and complications that may challenge nursing practice to mitigate CLABSI. Further research is needed on preventing CLABSIs in complex pediatric patients to provide the best practice implications for nursing. HIGHLIGHTS Central venous catheter care may be complicated by complex patient considerations. Central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) risk factors are multifaceted. Case report to highlight patient complexity that challenges bundled practices.