bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamma-glutamyl transferase and risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Cho Eun Ju , Jeong Su-Min , Chung Goh Eun , Yoo Jeong-Ju , Cho Yuri , Lee Kyu-na , Shin Dong Wook , Kim Yun Joon , Yoon Jung-Hwan , Han Kyungdo , Yu Su Jong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Population-based data regarding the prognostic implication of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) have been inconsistent. We examined the association of GGT with all-cause and disease-specific mortality.
Methods:Using the Korean nationwide database, we included 9,687,066 subjects without viral hepatitis or cirrhosis who underwent a health examination in 2009. Subjects were classified into three groups by sex-specific tertile of serum GGT levels. The underlying causes of death were classified by 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases codes.
Results: During the median follow-up period of 8.3 years, 460,699 deaths were identified. All-cause mortality increased as serum GGT levels became higher (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05, 1.04–1.05 in the middle tertile, and 1.33, 1.32 – 1.34 in the high tertile) compared to the low tertile of serum GGT levels. Similar trends were observed for cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.05–1.09 in the middle tertile, 1.29, 1.26–1.31 in the high tertile), cancer (HR, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.07–1.10 in the middle tertile, 1.38, 1.36–1.39 in the high tertile), respiratory disease (HR, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.08–1.13 in the middle tertile, 1.39, 1.35–1.43 in the high tertile), and liver disease mortality (HR, 95% CI: 1.74, 1.66–1.83 in the middle tertile, 6.73, 6.46–7.01 in the high tertile). Regardless of smoking, alcohol consumption and history of previous CVD and cancer, a higher serum GGT levels were associated with a higher risk of mortality.
Conclusions: Serum GGT levels may be useful for risk assessment of all-cause and disease-specific mortality in general population.
Causes of death in female patients with bladder cancer after local tumor excision and radical cystectomy: A Contemporary, US Population–Based Analysis
Authors: Lyu Qian , Nie Yu , Yuan Jiazheng , Wang Dong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Surgery is one of the most important treatments for bladder cancer, including local tumor excision and radical cystectomy. At present, studies on the causes of death for contemporary survivors, especially women, who have received different surgical treatments are limited. Therefore, the study used a population-based cohort study in the United States from 2000-2017 to analyze causes of death for women who underwent local tumor excision or radical cystectomy stratified by demographics and tumor stage. standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated based on general population data. In total, 24040 female patients who underwent surgical treatments were assessed. Of those 20780 patients undergoing local tumor excision, 36.6% died of bladder cancer, while 63.4% died of other causes. The risk of death from all causes increased in comparation to the general population (SMR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.82-1.87), and the most common non-tumor cause of death was from heart diseases (16.2%; SMR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.09-1.16). Among women who receive radical cystectomy, 82.3% of deaths occurred within 5 years after surgery. 66.9% deaths resulted from bladder cancer, and the risk of death from all causes significantly higher than that in the general people (SMR, 4.67; 95% CI, 4.51-4.84). Moreover, the risk of death from non- bladder cancer causes also increased, in particular, such as septicemia (SMR,3.09; 95% CI, 2.13-4.34). Causes of death during bladder cancer survivorship after surgery vary by patient and tumor characteristics, and these data provide information regarding primary care for women during postoperative cancer survivorship.
Electro-Thermal Design for Broadband Balanced Terahertz Tripler
Authors: Wei Haomiao , Zhang Yong , Cui Jianhang , Liu Xiaoyu , Wang Li , Chen Yang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive electro-thermal (E-T) design method applied to the circuit design of the multipliers, which intends to improve the design flexibility and simulation reliability of the broadband frequency multiplier.The design method is divided into two steps: a self-consistent electro-thermal model and an external matching circuit. The self-consistent electro-thermal model consists of three parts: the steady-state thermal model, the thermal separation variable model, and the three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic (EM) model. The electro-thermal model is suitable for application in hybrid integrated circuit, because the thermal correction is only carried in simulation. There is no additional diode and temperature-controlled equipment cost in thermal parameters extraction. Then, a formula-based impedances network named linear embedding impedances is set as external wideband response instead of single frequency point embedding impedance. This two-step design method enables the nonlinear I-V thermal correction, circuit matching design and their coupling simulation in circuit level. Based on the design approach, a balanced 225–300 GHz frequency tripler with AlN substrate has been designed and manufactured. The output consistency of simulated and measured results reachs up to 82% and the S11 basically better than -10 dB across the wideband of 225-300 GHz.
Improving the malignancy prediction of breast cancer based on the integration of radiomics features from dual-view mammography and clinical parameters
Authors: Zhou Chenyi , Xie Hui , Zhu Fanglian , Yan Wanying , Yu Ruize , Wang Yanling 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose We developed a radiomics strategy that incorporating radiomics features extracted from dual-view mammograms and clinical parameters for identifying benign and malignant breast lesions, and validated whether the radiomics assessment can improve the accurate diagnosis of breast cancer.
Methods A total of 380 patients with 621 breast lesions utilizing mammograms on craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) views were randomly allocated into the training (n=486) and testing (n=135) sets in this retrospective study. A total of 1184 and 2368 radiomics features were extracted from single-position ROI and position-paired ROI, respectively. Clinical parameters were then combined for better prediction. The recursive feature elimination (RFE) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods were used to select optimal predictive features. Random forest algorithm was used to conduct the predictive model, and the performance was evaluated with area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.
Results After preprocessing, 467 radiomics features and clinical parameters remained in the single-view and dual-view models. The random forest model using a combination of dual-view radiomics and clinical parameters achieved a favorable performance (area under curve [AUC]: 0.804, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.668-0.916) in the distinction of benign and malignant breast lesions, which outperformed single-view model and model without clinical parameters.
Conclusions Incorporating with radiomics features of dual-view (CC&MLO) mammogram, age, breast density and type of suspicious lesions can provide a non-invasive approach to evaluate the malignancy prediction of breast lesions, which can facilitate clinical decision making.
Metabolomic analysis on the mechanism of nanoselenium alleviating cadmium stress and improving the chili pepper nutritional value
Authors: Li Dong , Zhou Chunran , Li Jia-Qi , Dong Qinyong , Miao Peijuan , Lin Yongxi , Cheng Haiyan , Wang Yuwei , Luo Luna , Pan Canping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Selenium (Se) can maintain rhizosphere soil-plant homeostasis and regulate signaling molecules to mitigate cadmium (Cd) toxicity. However, no systematic studies on the intervention of nano-selenium (nano-Se) in regulating non-target metabolites and fruit nutritional components in pepper plants under Cd stress were investigated. This study researched the effects of Cd-contaminated soil stress and nano-Se (1, 5, and 20mg/L) on the metabolic mechanism, fruit nutritional quality, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) composition of pepper plants. The screening of differential metabolites in roots and fruits involved mostly amino acid metabolic pathways and capsaicin production pathways. Amino acid in roots (Pro, Trp, Arg, and Gln) and fruits (Phe, Glu, Pro, Arg, Trp, and Gln) were dramatically elevated by nano-Se biofortification. The expression of phenylpropane-branched fatty acid pathway genes (BCAT, Fat, AT3, HCT,and Kas) was induced by nano-Se (5 mg/L), which increased capsaicin (29.6%), nordihydrocapsaicin (44.2%), and dihydrocapsaicin (45.3%) levels. VOCs (amyl alcohol, linalool oxide, E-2-heptaldehyde, 2-hexenal, ethyl crotonate, and 2-butanone) related to crop resistance and quality were enhanced remarkably with the enhancement of nano-Se concentration. Therefore, nano-Se can improve the health of pepper plants by stimulating the expression of the capsaicin metabolic pathway and modulating the amino acid and VOCs contents.
Multifactorial analysis of postoperative rebleeding in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage： a single-center experience
Authors: Song Ping , Lei Pan , Cai Qiang , Li Zhiyang , Wei Hangyu , Zhou Long , Cheng Li , Wang Wenju , Chen Qianxue , Luo Ming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH) is an acute cerebrovascular disorder with high morbidity and mortality rates, Treatment of primary cerebral hemorrhage is controversial. However, postoperative rebleeding (or hematoma expansion) is a potential complication that can result in devastating progressive neurologic deterioration and high morbidity and mortality rates. It is also an inevitable and serious complication, which can result in progressive neurologic deterioration and death. The incidence of rebleeding 19.39% was found in our study and the results suggest that admission GCS score, irregular hematoma morphology on preoperative CT, poor postoperative blood pressure control, hematoma location, and surgical method were all risk factors of postoperative rebleeding. 3D Slicer-assisted neuroendoscopic surgery may be the most effective treatment for many patients with SSICH.
Coppice reintroduction in the Czech Republic: extent, motivation and obstacles
Authors: Kozdasová Anežka , Batista Lucie Galčanová , Hédl Radim , Szabó Péter 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Coppicing was a widespread form of forest management in European broadleaved forests. While it is still practised in south-eastern Europe, in central and western Europe it was almost completely replaced by high forest management. Currently there are increasing efforts to reintroduce coppice management into former coppice woods. However, little comprehensive knowledge is available about the extent of coppice reintroduction and the processes governing it on larger spatial scales. In this paper, we created a list of coppice reintroduction sites in the Czech Republic and conducted qualitative data analysis through semi-structured interviews to understand what motivated site managers to start with coppicing and what obstacles they have had to face. Results show that coppice reintroduction is still in its beginnings, carried out at altogether eight sites. The main motivation of site managers is nature conservation, while the most important obstacles are practical issues, such as legislative barriers or lack of workforce. Other motivating factors identified in European countries (production of renewable energy source and potential for rural employment) have so far played a minor role in the Czech Republic. We conclude that a major challenge for future forest policies will be to utilise the economic experiences of regions with active coppicing to foster the spread of coppice woods in order to combine renewable energy production with biodiversity conservation.
Spinal Level Contribution to Nerves of the Lumbar Plexus- A Systemic Review
Authors: Ahmed Aws Emad , Millard Jonathan A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The lumbar plexus originates from the lumbar spinal cord providing sensation to the anterolateral abdominal wall and lower limbs. Primary motor components of the plexus include the femoral and obturator nerves, which innervate the anterior and medial compartments of the thigh, respectively. The plexus typically consists of four ventral segments (L1-L4) (73%); however, it can also consist of five segments (L1-L5) (21%), or even six segments (T12-L5) (6%). The furcal nerve of L4 typically ramifies to both the lumbar and sacral plexuses. An increase in laparoscopic surgeries, especially retroperitoneal approaches, made the areas around the psoas major muscle of major concern. Surgeons operating around the area should be aware of the natural variations in the lumbar plexus to avoid injuries. In this systematic review, we reviewed up to 1248 lumbar plexus variations in the literature. A comprehensive search was carried out using PRISMA guidelines to access the literature published about spinal levels. The femoral nerve was found to originate from L2-L4 in 83% of the cases. The obturator nerve was found to originate from L2-L4 in 83% of the cases. The accessory obturator nerve was found 14% of the time. The ilioinguinal nerve was found to originate from L1 in 81% of the cases. The iliohypogastric nerve was found to originate from L1 in 83% of the cases. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve was found to originate from L2 and L3 in 72% of the cases. Finally, the genitofemoral nerve was found to originate from L1 and L2 in 81% of the cases.
Mini-abstract
Knowledge about the natural variations of nerves of the lumbar plexus is of major importance for operating surgeons in the abdomen or pelvis to avoid injuries to the nerves.
Experimental study on the interaction between Al and P in Si solution
Authors: Han Linjun , He Qian , Wu Jijun , Ma Wenhui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effect of impurity interactions on impurity removal efficiency in metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) was studied and analyzed to provide a new idea for removing impurities from MG-Si. This paper provides theoretical support for the removal of nonmetallic impurity P during the metallurgical purification and preparation of crystalline silicon. The interaction between Al and P in liquid silicon were investigated by directional solidification. The effects of different pull-down speeds, refining temperatures, holding times and Al contents on the distributions Al and P were investigated. The experimental results of the directional solidification of the Si-P-Al ternary system showed that from the bottom to the top of the sample, the contents of Al and P gradually increased. This phenomenon verifies the accuracy of the activity interaction coefficient between Al and P in the Si-P-Al ternary system calculated by the model. The mutual attraction between Al and P was also confirmed.
Visceral Adipose Tissue-directed Human Kallistatin Gene Therapy Improves Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Metabolic Health in Obese Mice
Authors: Wu Ya , Jiang Yu , Guo Jia-qi , Qian Ling-lin , Ji Jing-jing , Ji Zhen-jun , Yang Zi-wei , Ma Gen-shan , Yao Yu-yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Adipose tissue remodeling is a dynamic process pathologically expedited in the obese state and related to obesity-associated disease progression closely. This study aimed to explore the effects of human kallistatin (HKS) on adipose tissue remodeling and obesity-related metabolic disorders in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD).
Methods: Adenovirus-mediated HKS cDNA (Ad.HKS) and empty adenovirus (Ad.Null) were constructed and injected into the epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) of 8-week old male C57B/L mice. The mice were fed with normal or HFD for 28 days. The body weight and major lipid in circulation were then detected. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were also performed. Oil-red O staining was used to assess the extent of lipid deposition in the liver. Immunohistochemistry and HE staining were used to measure HKS expression and adipose tissue morphology. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the expression of adipose function- related factors.
Results: Compared with the Ad.Null group, HKS was highly expressed in serum and eWAT at the end of the experiment. Compared with Ad.Null mice, Ad.HKS mice had lower body weight and decreased serum and liver lipid levels after four weeks of HFD feeding. IGTT and ITT showed that HKS treatment maintained balanced glucose homeostasis. Additionally, inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) and eWAT in Ad.HKS mice contained more number of smaller size adipocytes and had less macrophage infiltration than Ad.Null group. HKS significantly increased the mRNA levels of adiponectin, vaspin, and eNOS. In contrast, HKS decreased RBP4 and TNFα levels in the adipose tissues. Western blot results showed that local injection of HKS significantly upregulated the protein expressions of SIRT1, p-AMPK, IRS1, p-AKT, and GLUT4 in eWAT.
Conclusions: HKS injection in eWAT improves HFD-induced adipose tissue remodeling and function, thus significantly improving weight gain and dysregulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis in mice.
Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Uveitis in Korean Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Kim Jinsoo , Kwon Soonil , Kim Kwang Nam , Kim Han Wool , Park In Won , Cho Bum-Joo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the clinical features and risk factors of uveitis in Korean children having juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Medical records of JIA patients who were diagnosed between 2006 and 2019 and followed up for ≥1 year were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into two groups by the development of JIA-associated uveitis (JIA-U), and various factors were analyzed for the risk of developing uveitis. JIA-U developed in 30 (9.8%) of 306 JIA patients. Mean age at the first uveitis occurrence was 12.4 ± 5.7 years, which was 5.6 ± 3.7 years after the JIA diagnosis. The common JIA subtypes in the uveitis group were oligoarthritis-persistent (33.3%) and enthesitis-related arthritis (30.0%). The patients with oligoarthritis-persistent developed JIA-U more frequently than those without (20.0% vs. 7.8%; P = 0.016), and those with systemic arthritis developed uveitis less than those without (3.6% vs. 12.2%; P = 0.024). The uveitis group had baseline knee joint involvement more frequently (76.7% vs. 51.4%), which increased the risk of uveitis during follow-up (P = 0.008). The final visual acuity of JIA-U was tolerable (0.041 ± 0.103 logMAR). In Korean children with JIA, JIA-U may be associated with oligoarthritis-persistent subtype and the knee joint involvement.
First record of the rarely known squat lobster, Allomunida magnicheles Baba, 1988 (Decapoda: Anomura: Galatheoidea: Galatheidae) from the Indian Ocean
Authors: Tiwari Shivam , Padate Vinay P. , Cubelio Sherine Sonia , Osawa Masayuki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present study reports the rarely recorded species of the family Galatheidae, Allomunida magnicheles Baba 1988, based on material from the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone. The specimens attached to an unidentified soft coral of the genus Dendronephthya Kükenthal, 1905, were collected using a Smith McIntyre grab from the depth of 52 m in the southwestern Bay of Bengal. Allomunida magnicheles was known only from the Sulu Sea and Tañon Strait, the Philippines; the present specimens greatly extend the distribution range of the species westwards to the Indian Ocean. Morphological description and intraspecific variations of A. magnicheles are provided.
Temporal variability of Loa loa microfilaremia
Authors: Campillo Jérémy T. , Hemilembolo Marlhand C. , Louya Frederic , Bikita Paul , Pion Sebastien D. S. , Boussinesq Michel , Missamou Francois , Chesnais Cédric B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The diurnal periodicity of Loa loa microfilaremia is well known but few studies have documented the short-term and long-term stability of microfilarial density. It seems stable over time at the community level, but significant variations have been observed at the individual level.
Methods
We assessed the temporal variability of L. loa microfilaremia at 5-days, 1-month and 16-months intervals and analyzed the influence of sex, age, level of microfilaremia, temperatures and time of sampling on this variability.
Results
At the community level, L. loa microfilaremia is very stable over time at 5-days, 1-month and 16-months intervals (Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.92, 0.91 and 0.78, respectively, all three with a P < 0.001). However, some individuals had significant variations of up to ± 50% of their initial microfilaremia at 5-days (33.0%), 1-month (36.5%) and 16-months (62.6%) interval, even in individuals with an initial microfilaremia density > 20,000 mf/mL (7.7, 23.1 and 41.4%, respectively for 5 days, 1 month and 16 months). We do not highlight any external factors that have a major impact on this variability.
Conclusion
Although at the community level, microfilaria density is very stable, we highlight some individuals with large variations both in the short- and long-term, which may have an important impact on onchocerciasis control campaigns and on longitudinal studies evaluating the impact of an intervention on L. loa microfilaremia.
Clinical characteristics and survival analysis of a large cohort of Light Chain amyloidosis: a single center real-world study
Authors: Xie Weiwei , Wang Qian , Zhou Fude , Wang Suxia , Sun Yuhua , Cen Xinan , Ren Hanyun , Qiu Zhixiang , Dong Yujun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by the tissue deposition of misfolded amyloid fibrils, leading to progressive organs dysfunction. We retrospectively analyzed 335 patients with AL amyloidosis in the First Hospital of Peking University from January 2011 to December 2021 to describe the real-world clinical characteristics and prognosis of the patients with AL amyloidosis in China. Patients (median age, 60 years) were diagnosed with multi-organ involvement of kidney (92.8%), heart (57.9%), liver (12.8%). 55.8% of patients were treated with chemotherapy, 63.4% of whom achieved hematologic response (≥ very good partial response). Only 18.2% of the patients received autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT), who were younger and less likely to have cardiac involvement. The median overall survival of patients with AL amyloidosis was 77.5 months. The level of brain natriuretic peptide, percentage of bone marrow plasma cell and total bilirubin were identified as independent prognostic factors for survival. Albeit the younger age and high ratio of renal involvement might contribute to the favorable prognosis of this cohort, the role of novel agents and ASCT is also discernible. This real-world research will provide a panoramic impression on the progress of AL amyloidosis in China.