bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE IMPORTANCE OF WORKS OF MUHAMMAD SHIBLI NOMANI
Authors: Bhat Samee- Ullah 
Published: August 2022

This article aims at describing and examining life and works of Muhammad Shibli Nomani. With a historical and content analysis, this paper draws several conclusions. First, the prominent scholar of the Indo-Pak subcontinent of the modern times earns global name and fame through his multiple contributions. These include an accomplished tremendous excellence in numerous walks of human knowledge, arts and science, language and literature, research and criticism, philosophy and scholasticism, history and biography. Secondly, in all his eminent writings, Shibli makes full utilization of primary sources. It is because of this full use of the primary sources that his writings are outstanding in nature not only for the wealth of knowledge but also for interpretation and presentation of facts collected from a number of sources. Third, Shibli’s historical writings were primarily written to refute the unfounded allegations of the European writers on Islam and Muslim rule, to acquaint the Muslims with their glorious past, and to draw them out of stagnancy and obscurantism. AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan meneliti kehidupan dan karya-karya Muhammad Shibli Nomani. Dengan menggunakan analisis sejarah dan konten, penelitian ini berhasil mendapatkan beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama, sang sejarahwan terkemuka dari Indo-Pakistan memperoleh nama besar dan kemasyhuran dari beberapa kontribusi yang dia berikan. Termasuk di antaranya, pencapaian yang mengagumkan dalam beragam bidang ilmu pengetahuan manusia, seni dan sains, bahasa dan sastra, penelitian dan kritisisme, dan sejarah dan biografi. Kedua, dalam semua karya tulisnya, Shibli memanfaatkan sumber-sumber utama. Penggunaan sumber-sumber utama inilah yang menjadikan tulisan-tulisan itu sangat mengagumkan bukan hanya karena kekayaan pengetahuan namun juga karena interpretasi dan penyajian fakta yang terkumpul dari beberapa sumber tersebut. Ketiga, karya tulis kesejarahan Shibli utamanya ditulis untuk membantah tuduhan tanpa dasar dari para penulis Eropa tentang Islam dan hukum Islam, untuk memperkenalkan orang-orang Muslim dengan masa lalu mereka yang mulia, dan untuk menarik mereka keluar dari kemandekan dan obskurantisme.
SUNNI: MAKNA, ACUAN DAN RAGAM
Authors: Maarif Zainul 
Published: August 2022

Sunni or Sunnism stands for Ahlu As-Sunnah wa al-Jamā`ah which is also called ASWAJA. Many people publish and debate it without clear meaning and reference. This article is a demonstrative-linguistic study that outlines the meaning and reference to the term "Sunni" to understand it clearly. This research shows that Sunnis have at least two groups. First, Sunni Ahlu Al- Ḥadīts, the path of Ibn Hanbal and Ibn Taimiyyah, which tends to be puritan and at some point raises hardline intolerant Muslims. Second, moderate Sunnis, who opened the space for fiqh schools other than Ibn Hanbal, and chooses to refer to moderate Islamic thinkers, such as Ash-Shāfi'i in fiqh (Islamic law), Al-Asy`ari in kalam (Islamic theology) and Al -Ghazali in Sufism (Islamic mysticism). The two Sunni groups were both Ahlu as-Sunnah wa al-Jamā`ah. The first group tends to embody the phrase Ahlu as-Sunnah wa al-Jamā'ah terminologically (iṣṭilāḥan), while the second group tends to display the phrase linguistically (lughatan). AbstrakSunni atau Sunnisme adalah singkatan dari Ahlu As-Sunnah wa al-Jamā`ah yang disebut juga dengan ASWAJA. Banyak orang yang mempublikasikan dan memperdebatkannya tanpa makna dan acuan jelas. Artikel ini adalah kajian demonstratif-linguistik yang mengurai makna dan acuan term “Sunni” untuk mengetahuinya secara jelas. Hasil peneltian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa Sunni sedikitnya ada dua kelompok. Pertama, Sunni Ahlu Al-Ḥadīts jalur Ibn Hanbal dan Ibn Taimiyyah, yang cenderung puritan dan pada titik tertentu memunculkan muslim-muslim garis keras yang tidak toleran. Kedua, Sunni moderat, yang membuka ruang bagi madzhab fikih selain Ibn Hanbal, dan memilih merujuk pada para pemikir Islam moderat, seperti Asy-Syafi`i dalam fikih (hukum Islam), Al-Asy`ari dalam kalam (teologi Islam) dan Al-Ghazali dalam tasawuf (mistisisme Islam). Dua kelompok Sunni tersebut sama-sama Ahlu as-Sunnah wa al-Jamā`ah. Kelompok pertama cenderung mengejawantahkan frase Ahlu as-Sunnah wa al-Jamā`ah secara terminologis (iṣṭilāḥan), sementara kelompok kedua cenderung menampilkan frase tersebut secara linguistik (lughatan).
ANALISIS PEMASARAN DIRECT SELLING MLM SYARIAH MEMBER PT TIENS
Authors: Ulya Nadziratul , Khoirunnisa Nur Awali , Laily Nuris Sirrul 
Published: August 2022

Praktik pemasaran yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan sistem jaringan atau dikalangan masyarakat sering disebut sebagai Multi Level Marketing saat ini menjadi tren pemasaran yang digunakan oleh berbagai perusahaan, baik yang bergerak dalam bidang penyediaan barang ataupun pelayanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif berupa peninjauan studi kepustakaan. Peneliti mengumpulkan beberapa literatur kepustakaan mengenai praktik direct selling dalam pemasaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Sistem Pemasaran yang digunakan oleh Tiens Group International Corp, serta kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip Syari’ah. Dari hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pemasaran yang dilakukan pada Tiens Group International Corp. adalah menggunaan sistem atau metode Multi Level Marketing. Selain itu, hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya unsur MAGHRIB dalam Marketing Plan Tiens Group International Corp. dan telah disertifikasi MUI sejak 2009. Proses transaksi terstandar dan produk yang dijual adalah halal secara syari'ah dan mempunyai manfaat. Serta dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi personal selling MLM pada Tiens Group International Corp. terdiri dari 4 bagian besar, yaitu: (1) cara kerja, (2) pendidikan, (3) alat bantu, dan (4) kerja sama tim.
Identification of the Subsurface Structure of Geothermal Working Area of the Hamiding Mountain, North Maluku through Land Surface Temperature (LST) Data and Forward Modeling with the Gravity Method
Authors: Nafian Muhammad , Gunawan Belista , Permana Nanda Ridki , Umam Rofiqul 
Published: August 2022

The Mount Hamiding area has one of the largest geothermal potentials in Indonesia to be exploited. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of knowing the subsurface structure in the area using the gravity method. To correlate gravity data in order to obtain parameters to measure the increase in surface temperature using supporting data is land surface temperature. Derivative analysis and 2D modeling carried out by forward modeling is one method that can strengthen the geothermal potential in the area. Based on the Land Surface Temperature map, the temperature around the geothermal prospect area is 22 – 25 0C. The results of the derivative analysis show that the geothermal prospect of Mount Hamiding is controlled by two different faults, a fault due to the depression of the old Hamiding caldera and a local fault under the surface of Mount Dukono, which is confirmed as a reverse fault. While the 2D modeling identified the geothermal reservoir layer, which is estimated to have a density of 1.59 gr/cc and consists of a mixture of tuff and minor lava, where the contents of this reservoir are water dominant due to the relatively low-density value with a depth of -411 – (-1280) m, above the reservoir layer it is suspected that the tuff and clay insert layer has a density of 2.56 gr/cc with a depth of 310 – (-1280) m, and the covering layer which is presumed to be a clay cap layer has a density of 1.39 gr/cc with a depth of 870 – (-620). ©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Metal Catalyst-Free One-pot Synthesis of Carboxamide Derivatives via
Ugi-4CC Reaction and Its Anti-tubercular Study
Authors: Gondaliya Bhumit L. , Sriram Dharmarajan , Varakala Saiprasad D. , Dholaria Piyush V. , Dhuda Gautam K. , Kapadiya Khushal M. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
A new series of ten composites with sulphur based carboxylic acid and benzylamine
were synthesized by Ugi 4-components reaction (Ugi-4CR) and screened for antituberculosis activity
against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain.

Objective:
Target compounds were isolated, purified, identified, and characterized by MS, FT-IR, 1HNMR,
APT, and 13C-NMR then the antituberculosis activity was examined by Microplate Alamar Blue
Assay (MABA) method.

Methods:
This study was based on the articulation of carboxamide linkage bearing S-linkage in the core
unit by reacting four different units, i.e., 2-(pyrimidin-2-ylthio)acetic acid, aromatic aldehyde, benzylamine
and tertiary butyl isocyanide at RT in an atom economy route of synthesis. The desired product (5a-
5j) was synthesized via one-pot and Metal-free conditions.

Results:
Compounds (5a-5j) synthesized in good yields and compared to MIC values of Isoniazid 0.05
(μg/mL), Rifampicin 0.1 (μm/mL), and Ethambutol 1.56 (μg/mL) as a positive control.

Conclusion:
Synthesized compounds give excellent yield. Among the ten derivatives, compound 5f has
comparable antituberculosis activity.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of 4', 4''- bit Modified Curcumin
Derivatives
Authors: Tan Yan , Lang Jiajia , Tang Meilun , Mi Pengbing , Zheng Xing 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Curcumin is a polyphenol compound extracted from plant turmeric with high
pharmacological activities. The clinical application of curcumin is limited due to the shortcomings of
poor water solubility, instability, and low bioavailability.

Objective:
Modifying the 4', 4''-bit of curcumin is an effective strategy to improve the pharmacological
activity of curcumin.

Conclusion:
In this review, we focused on the strategy of synthesis, medicinal properties, and structurefunction
relationship of 4', 4''-bit modified curcumin derivatives.
Hydroalcoholic Extract of Psoralea drupacea Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells and Decreases Angiogenesis in Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane
Authors: Ghorbani Ahmad , Rashidi Roghayeh , Jahed Avval Farideh Boroomand , Ghasemian Shirin , Sadeghnia Hamid Reza , Mousavi Seyed Hadi , Hooshmand Sara , Jalili-Nik Mohammad , Amiri Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: August 2022

Objective:Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Experimental studies reported that some plants in the genus of Psoralea (Fabaceae family) show anticancer potential. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Psoralea drupacea extract (PDE) on HepG2 liver cancer cells.Methods:The proliferation, cell cycle, and migration of HepG2 cells were determined by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide test, propidium iodide staining, and scratch assay, respectively. The effects of PDE on the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and angiogenesis were evaluated by the gelatin zymography method and chicken chorioallantoic membrane model, respectively.Results:The culture of HepG2 cells in the presence of PDE (24 hr and 48 hr) significantly reduced their viability (at a concentration of ≥ 50 µg/mL) and increased the percentage of cells in the sub-G1 stage. PDE also increased the antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities of doxorubicin (3 and 6 µg/mL). The extract significantly decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in the cells. Moreover, PDE (25 and 50 µg/mL) significantly suppressed the migration ability of HepG2 cells, which was associated with inhibition in the activity of MMP2 and MMP9 (50 µg/mL). Furthermore, treatment with PDE significantly reduced the number and diameter of vessels in the chick chorioallantoic membrane.Conclusion:PDE decreased the survival and cell cycle progression of liver cancer cells through a mechanism other than oxidative stress. This extract also showed an anti-angiogenesis effect and diminished the migration ability of HepG2 cells by inhibiting MMP activity
Downward continuation of airborne gravimetry data by means of spherical radial basis functions
Authors: Sugaipova Leyla , Neyman Yury 
Published: August 2022

The problem of downward continuation of airborne gravimetry data is discussed. Use of spherical radial
basis functions (SRBF) to solve this ill-posed problem is proposed. Gravity disturbances observed at
flight high are continued downward to disturbing potential. The SRBF method is numerically tested
using synthesised data for flight heights 2000 m, 4600 m and 6000 m and grid steps 1 arcmin and
2.5 arcmin in area bounded by colatitudes 40°, 43° and longitudes 153°, 157° (spherical coordinates).
The experiments prove that the SRBF method can provide stable and accurate results. Moreover, as a
result of this procedure one have an approximator in the form of a linear combination of SRBF which
allows to determine the values of different transforms of potential by applying the corresponding
operators to this expression.
SPESIES TUMBUHAN ARACEAE DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH SMA NEGERI 15 TAKENGON
Authors: Ashira Ola , Kamal Samsul , Zuraidah Zuraidah 
Published: August 2022

Istilah lingkungan hidup sering kita gunakan untuk menyebutkan segala sesuatu yang berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan hidup di bumi. Lingkungan sekolah adalah kesatuan ruang dengan semua benda dan kesatuan makhluk hidup termasuk didalamnya manusia dan perilakunya yang melangsungkan kehidupan serta kesejahteraan mahkluk hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui spesies tumbuhan Araceae di lingkungan sekolah SMA N 15 Takengon. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey eksploratif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan gambar. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 12 spesies tumbuhan Araceae di lingkungan SMA N 15 Takengon.
Didáticas insurgentes da relação professor e estudante no ensino de Filosofia
Authors: Silva Fabrício Oliveira da 
Published: August 2022

O trabalho tem como objetivo compreender as didáticas insurgentes que professores de Filosofia desenvolvem na universidade. As discussões partem da compreensão de conceber que os professores da área de Filosofia habitam a profissão docente revelando práticas que emergem da relação com os estudantes e das tessituras peculiares do campo filosófico. O estudo ancora-se na abordagem (auto)biográfica, por facultar a aproximação do objeto de estudo com a epistemologia (auto)biográfica, pois quem narra a própria vida, ao narrar, estabelece relações temporais e situacionais consigo mesmo e com aqueles com quem se relaciona pedagogicamente durante a sua atuação profissional. O dispositivo de pesquisa utilizado foram as entrevistas narrativas, desenvolvidas com quatro professores que atuam nos cursos de licenciatura em Filosofia em duas universidades públicas do estado da Bahia. Os resultados apontaram que as didáticas insurgentes estão caracterizadas por estratégias que os docentes utilizam para desenvolver aulas de Filosofia na universidade, mobilizados pela necessidade de interação professor e estudante nos contextos de aulas remotas.
A prática de atividades lúdicas e o processo de aprendizagem dos alunos em contexto da Covid-19
Authors: N’Dala Arsénia das Dores Rafael , Samuel José Valério , Gomundanhe Almeida Meque 
Published: August 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as implicações da Covid-19 na prática de atividades lúdicas e na aprendizagem dos alunos dos 6 a 7 anos de idade. O estudo foi realizado numa das escolas primárias completas da cidade de Lichinga, Província de Niassa, em Moçambique, no período compreendido entre 2020 a 2021. Para o alcance desse objetivo foi adotada uma abordagem qualitativa. Para o processo de recolha de dados recorreu-se a técnica de entrevista estruturada aplicada a quatro professores. O tratamento de dados foi feito por meio das técnicas de análise de conteúdo e de triagulação de dados.Os resultados revelam que a Covid-19 limitou a prática de atividades lúdicas em sala de aula e, consequentemente, o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem dos alunos por meio de brincandeiras. Assim sendo, urge a necessidade de se repensar nas atividades lúdicas que possam ser realizadas individualmente em tempos da pandemia da Covid-19.
Il trattamento biologico e sostenibile delle emissioni odorigene con approcci integrati per il recupero della CO2
Authors: Mura Francesco La 
Published: August 2022

L’incremento delle emissioni odorigene nell’ambiente ha portato ad un
urgente necessità di ricerca e sviluppo di nuove tecnologie per il loro
trattamento. L’attività sperimentale si è focalizzata sull’innovativo
sistema OTAER, capace di trattare composti odorigeni ed al contempo
produrre biomassa valorizzabile. L’attività ha previsto la verifica
delle performance in diverse condizioni operative e l’analisi
dell’influenza di due differenti tipi di nutrienti sulle potenzialità di
recupero della biomassa. Nello specifico sono stati utilizzati due
differenti tipi di reflui nell’ottica di un’economia circolare, un
refluo urbano ed un refluo caseario.
I risultati ottenuti hanno dimostrato che il sistema ha un’elevata
efficacia di rimozione dei composti odorigeni, indipendentemente dal
tipo di refluo utilizzato. L’impiego del refluo caseario ha permesso di
ottimizzare la produttività volumetrica di biomassa e di lipidi,
ottenendo così una potenziale produzione maggiore di biodiesel.
L'elettrocoagulazione come tecnologia per la rimozione dei prodotti farmaceutici nelle acque reflue
Authors: Riccardi Laura Valentina 
Published: August 2022

Negli ultimi decenni l’eccessivo utilizzo di farmaci ha avuto un forte
impatto negativo sull’ambiente, in particolar modo sul comparto idrico.
A lungo termine i prodotti farmaceutici, che rientrano nella classe dei
contaminanti emergenti, potranno essere responsabili di diversi problemi
come la tossicità negli organismi acquatici, la resistenza microbica e
la distruzione degli ecosistemi microbici. Gli impianti di depurazione
tradizionali, come ad esempio quelli basati sul processo a fanghi
attivi, non sono in grado di rimuovere completamente questa tipologia di
inquinanti, motivo per il quale è necessario implementare tecnologie
alternative. In particolare, nello studio di seguito analizzato è
stata posta l’attenzione su un’efficiente e vantaggiosa tecnologia:
l’elettrocoagulazione. Tale tecnica è stata adoperata per la rimozione
di alcuni farmaci che si trovano con più frequenza nelle acque reflue,
come l’amoxicillina (AMX), il diclofenac (DCF) e la carbamazepina
(CBZ).
Contaminazione da arsenico nelle acque potabili: un approccio ecologico mediante nanofibre elettrofilate di alginato di sodio funzionalizzate con chitosan
Authors: DONATIELLO ANGELINA 
Published: August 2022

L’arsenico è considerato uno dei contaminanti più pericolosi per i corpi
idrici. La contaminazione è dovuta ad una concentrazione eccessiva di
arsenico nell’acqua potabile, nelle acque sotterranee e negli alimenti.
L’esposizione all’arsenico da parte dell’uomo proviene sia da fonti
naturali che antropiche; tale elemento è presente in natura
nell’erosione delle rocce, nell’emissione vulcanica, ma anche in
composti sintetici come i pesticidi, fertilizzanti, coloranti tessili,
prodotti farmaceutici e soprattutto negli scarichi delle industrie.
Inoltre, le proprietà cancerogene e tossiche dell’arsenico comportano
notevoli rischi per la salute umana ed è per tale ragione che la
contaminazione delle acque è considerata un grave problema di salute
pubblica globale.
Urge la necessità di implementare nuove soluzioni di purificazione delle
acque, che siano sia efficienti che competitive dal punto di vista della
sostenibilità ambientale e della convenienza economica. Viene presentato
lo stato dell’arte delle tecnologie disponibili per il trattamento delle
acque contaminate da arsenico, ponendo particolare attenzione alla
tecnologia a nanofibre elettrofilate a base di alginato di sodio
funzionalizzate con chitosan.
Implementing the Interpretation of Article 121 Paragraph (3) of the UNCLOS Conducted by The Permanent Court of Arbitration towards Sekatung Island as a Maritime Feature in Indonesia-Vietnam’s Maritime Delimitation Negotiation
Authors: Anindita Btariany 
Published: August 2022

Indonesia’s government is conducting a maritime delimitation negotiation with Vietnam since 2021 discussing the delimitation of the EEZ. According to a method of delimitation, determining the status of a maritime feature is one of many vital points to be discussed during a delimitation negotiation. Sekatung Island, a small island belongs to Indonesia, which located between Indonesia and Vietnam has a vital part to determine the width of Indonesia’s EEZ. Article 121 paragraph (3) of the UNCLOS is the main legal basis to determine the legal status of Sekatung Island. Aforementioned Article has been interpreted by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the South China Sea Arbitral Award. In summary, the PCA declared maritime features must have the natural capacity to sustain human habitation and economic life of their own, based on historic evidences, in order to determine such features as fully entitled island with up to 200 nautical miles of EEZ and continental shelf. The purpose of this article is to give a point of view for Indonesia’s government regarding the deficiency of such interpretation by the PCA which may leads to disadvantaging Indonesia’s position during delimitation negotiation, if in any case the government would implement such interpretation to determine the legal status of Sekatung Island.

Keywords: South China Sea Arbitral Award, Rocks, UNCLOS, maritime delimitation
IMPLEMENTATION OF COURSES ON FAMILY PEDAGOGY AS A CONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FAMILY IDENTITY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Ёлкина Ксения Константиновна 
Published: August 2022

В данной статье раскрыто понимание феномена семейной идентичности с педагогической позиции. Семейная идентичность рассматривается как принадлежность человека к семейной группе, отражающая приверженность его семейным ценностям. Обоснована важность организации условий, способствующих развитию семейной идентичности студентов вуза. Описаны элементы опытно-экспериментальной работы по реализации модели формирования семейной идентичности будущих педагогов, в том числе охарактеризовано внедрение в образовательный процесс курсов «Семейная педагогика» и «Взаимодействие семьи и образовательной организации».
This article reveals the understanding of the phenomenon of family identity from a pedagogical position. Family identity is considered as a person’s belonging to a family group, reflecting his commitment to family values. The importance of organizing conditions conducive to the development of the family identity of university students is substantiated. Pedagogical conditions for the development of family identity include: 1) the appeal in the educational process to the positive experience of family education and the preservation of family and family memory through the study of family history and traditions, popularization of the best experience in raising children in various families, including through the creation of a bank of artistic and documentary films promoting family values; 2) introduction of courses aimed at studying the essential characteristics of family education in the educational programs of the university; 3) organization of research work through the preparation of scientific reports; 4) creation of an electronic educational resource that provides information and methodological support for students in the field of family pedagogy (lectures, presentations, creative assignments, scientific articles, cognitive tests, surveys and methods, a bank of artistic and documentary materials recommended for study). The elements of experimental work on the implementation of the model for the formation of the family identity of future teachers are described, including the introduction of the courses “Family Pedagogy” and “Interaction between the family and the educational organization” into the educational process.