bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EphrinA3 is a key regulator of malignant behaviors and a potential prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yiminniyaze Ruzetuoheti , Zhang Xiujuan , Zhu Ning , Wang Jing , Li Chengwei , Wumaier Gulinuer , Zhou Daibing , Li Jing , Xia Jingwen , Zhang Youzhi , Dong Liang , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Shengqing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs a member of the Ephrin protein family that elicits short distance cell‐cell signaling, EphrinA3 has been shown to promote or inhibit tumorigenesis depending on tumor types, but its roles and the underlying mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been reported.Materials and MethodsThe TCGA database and Kaplan‐Meier Plotter database were used to analyze the differential expression of EphrinA3 between LUAD and para‐carcinoma tissues, and its effect on overall survival of LUAD patients. CCK‐8 assay, Edu assay, and flow cytometry were used to probe the effect of EphrinA3 on the proliferation of LUAD cells, and transwell assay was employed to examine its effect on migration and invasion. In addition, the effect of EphrinA3 on the growth of LUAD was further evaluated using a xenograft tumor model.ResultsEphrinA3 was expressed highly in LUAD, and its expression level was negatively correlated with the prognosis of LUAD patients. In addition, EphrinA3 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells, and accelerated tumor growth in a xenograft LUAD model. The reported EphrinA3 receptors, EphA1 and EphA10, were expressed in clinical LUAD tissues and co‐localized with EphrinA3 in LUAD cells. Mechanistically, EphrinA3/Eph signaling activated AKT, ERK, and p38MAPK, induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), and upregulated matrix metalloproteases‐2 and ‐9 (MMP‐2/−9).ConclusionEphrinA3 expression was negatively correlated with prognosis of patients with LUAD. EphrinA3 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells. EphrinA3 enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT, and potentiates EMT and MMP expression in LUAD cells.
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Fresh Green Walnut Shell in Microwave Environment and their Anticancer Effect on Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Sulak Mine , Turgut Gurbet Celik , Sen Alaattin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) were synthesized using fresh green walnut shell extract in microwave environment. The morphology and structure of the CONPs were determined using ultraviolet‐visible (UV/VIS), attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Crystal purple staining, Annexin V‐FITC detection, RT‐PCR, P53, and NF‐κB luciferase reporter assays were performed to evaluate the mechanism of action of CONPs in breast cancer cell lines (MCF7). The biosynthesized CONPs showed cytotoxic effects and induced apoptosis in MCF7 cells. Furthermore, CONPs induced P53 expression and suppressed NF‐κB gene expression, both of which were confirmed using reporter assays. Based on the present results, it was concluded that CONPs can induce apoptosis by acting on P53 at the transcriptional level and may cause cell death by suppressing NF‐κB‐mediated transcription.
Turning the page: The importance of faculty‐led book clubs
Authors: Landry Christie A. , Richard Jacqueline M. , Layou Karen M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOne of the easiest‐to‐implement forms of professional development for colleges and universities is the faculty‐led book club (FLBC), yet little has been written regarding implementation, outcomes, and experiences of those participating in FLBCs as a form of professional development for college faculty. Book clubs are relatively easy to implement, build community among faculty and staff, provide leadership experience, foster conversations around timely pedagogical and social issues, and lead to change in instructional practice. In this chapter, we recall the experiences of several community college faculty and their opportunities to facilitate book clubs on their campuses.
Stress hyperglycemia ratio and long‐term mortality after acute myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes: A prospective, nationwide, and multicentre registry
Authors: Cui Kongyong , Fu Rui , Yang Jingang , Xu Haiyan , Yin Dong , Song Weihua , Wang Hongjian , Zhu Chenggang , Feng Lei , Wang Zhifang , Wang Qingsheng , Lu Ye , Dou Kefei , Yang Yuejin ,   CAMI Registry Investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsTo assess the predictive value of stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) for long‐term mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with and without diabetes.Materials and MethodsWe evaluated 6892 patients with AMI from the prospective, nationwide, multicentre China Acute Myocardial Infarction registry, of which 2820 had diabetes, and the remaining 4072 were nondiabetic patients. Patients were divided into high SHR and low SHR groups according to the optimal cutoff values of SHR to predict long‐term mortality for diabetic and nondiabetic patients, respectively. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality at 2 years.ResultsThe optimal cutoff values of SHR for predicting 2‐year mortality were 1.20 and 1.08 for the diabetic and nondiabetic population, respectively. Overall, patients with high SHR were significantly associated with higher all‐cause mortality compared with those with low SHR, in both diabetic patients (18.5% vs. 9.7%; hazard ratio [HR] 2.01, 95% confidence interval 1.63–2.49) and nondiabetic patients (12.0% vs. 6.4%; HR 1.95, 95%CI 1.57–2.41). After the potential confounders were adjusted, high SHR was significantly associated with higher risks of long‐term mortality in both diabetic (adjusted HR 1.73, 95%CI 1.39–2.15) and nondiabetic (adjusted HR 1.63, 95%CI 1.30–2.03) patients. Moreover, adding SHR to the original model led to a slight albeit significant improvement in C‐statistic, net reclassification, and integrated discrimination regardless of diabetic status.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated a strong positive association between SHR and long‐term mortality in patients with AMI with and without diabetes, suggesting that SHR should be considered a useful marker for risk stratification in these patients.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01874691.
Electrochemical Sensing of Chlorpyrifos, a Carcinogen Responsible for Breast Cancer, in Milk and Plasma of Lactating Mothers
Authors: Bishnoi Sunita , Sharma Ashutosh , Singhal Rahul , Gupta Pankaj , Goyal Rajendra N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn view of the increase in breast cancer cases at the global level, electrochemical sensing of the carcinogenic pesticide, chlorpyrifos (CPF) in breast milk is proposed. The determination is based on the nucleophilic substitution reaction of pralidoxime (PAM) with CPF. The proposed method offers a linear concentration range of 0.002 to 0.08 μmol/L. The limit of detection and limit of quantification was found to be 0.05×10−9 and 0.167×10−9M, respectively. The offered “unmodified edge plane pyrolytic graphite sensor” proved to be a better substrate than the earlier reported modified sensors. The limit of detection for the proposed method was found to be nearly fifty times lower than reported at modified electrodes. The interference study proved the adequate selectivity of the offered sensor. The sensor has good stability and reproducibility along with high sensitivity. The offered sensor is very useful for cancer hospitals, pesticide industries, and the study of environmental toxicity‐related issues.
Carbon fiber damage evolution under flame attack and the role of impurities
Authors: Chávez‐Gómez Pablo , Pelzmann Tanja , Hall Darren R. , Chilian Cornelia , Laberge Lebel Louis , Robert Étienne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarbon fibers (CFs) are prone to extensive oxidation under fire attack, for instance, in an aircraft fire scenario. This work addresses the damage mechanisms observed on polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based CFs with different microstructure exposed to open flames. A fixed‐point technique was developed to follow‐up individual CFs by means of time‐controlled insertion into premixed methane/air flames, followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. Besides diameter reduction, three localized damage mechanisms were discerned in the presence of impurities, which were quantified by neutron activation analysis (NAA). Severe pitting was ascribed to catalytic oxidation mainly caused by alkali and alkaline earth metals. After an initial period where catalytic reactions between impurities and the carbon surface dominate, the flame stoichiometry governed the CF gasification process, with lean flames being much more aggressive than rich ones. A second mechanism, channeling, was caused by mobile metallic impurities. Some impurities showed an opposite effect, lowering reactivity and thus preventing further catalysis. Amorphous damage with a skin‐peeling effect is believed to be the result of localized impurities at high concentrations and microstructural variations. Hindrance or synergistic effects between impurities are discussed. Finally, apparent axial pit growth rates were determined and compared with other carbonaceous materials, revealing a strong influence of impurities and the flame reactive atmosphere on CF oxidation.
3D‐Epigenomic Regulation of Gene Transcription in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Feng Yuliang , Wang Ping , Cai Liuyang , Zhan Meixiao , He Fan , Wang Jiahui , Li Yong , Gega Eva , Zhang Wei , Zhao Wei , Xin Yongjie , Chen Xudong , Ruan Yijun , Lu Ligong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe fundamental cause of transcription dysregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, comprehensive 3D‐epigenomic analyses are performed in cellular models of THLE2 (a normal hepatocytes cell line) and HepG2 (a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line) using integrative approaches for chromatin topology, genomic and epigenomic variation, and transcriptional output. Comparing the 3D‐epigenomes in THLE2 and HepG2 reveal that most HCC‐associated genes are organized in complex chromatin interactions mediated by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). Incorporation of genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) data enables the identification of non‐coding genetic variants that are enriched in distal enhancers connecting to the promoters of HCC‐associated genes via long‐range chromatin interactions, highlighting their functional roles. Interestingly, CTCF binding and looping proximal to HCC‐associated genes appear to form chromatin architectures that overarch RNAPII‐mediated chromatin interactions. It is further demonstrated that epigenetic variants by DNA hypomethylation at a subset of CTCF motifs proximal to HCC‐associated genes can modify chromatin topological configuration, which in turn alter RNAPII‐mediated chromatin interactions and lead to dysregulation of transcription. Together, the 3D‐epigenomic analyses provide novel insights of multifaceted interplays involving genetics, epigenetics, and chromatin topology in HCC cells.
Transfreq: A Python package for computing the theta‐to‐alpha transition frequency from resting state electroencephalographic data
Authors: Vallarino Elisabetta , Sommariva Sara , Famà Francesco , Piana Michele , Nobili Flavio , Arnaldi Dario 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA classic approach to estimate individual theta‐to‐alpha transition frequency (TF) requires two electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, one acquired in a resting state condition and one showing alpha desynchronisation due, for example, to task execution. This translates into long recording sessions that may be cumbersome in studies involving patients. Moreover, an incomplete desynchronisation of the alpha rhythm may compromise TF estimates. Here we present transfreq, a publicly available Python library that allows TF computation from resting state data by clustering the spectral profiles associated to the EEG channels based on their content in alpha and theta bands. A detailed overview of transfreq core algorithm and software architecture is provided. Its effectiveness and robustness across different experimental setups are demonstrated on a publicly available EEG data set and on in‐house recordings, including scenarios where the classic approach fails to estimate TF. We conclude with a proof of concept of the predictive power of transfreq TF as a clinical marker. Specifically, we present a scenario where transfreq TF shows a stronger correlation with the mini mental state examination score than other widely used EEG features, including individual alpha peak and median/mean frequency. The documentation of transfreq and the codes for reproducing the analysis of the article with the open‐source data set are available online at https://elisabettavallarino.github.io/transfreq/. Motivated by the results showed in this article, we believe our method will provide a robust tool for discovering markers of neurodegenerative diseases.
Miniaturized optimal incident light angle‐fitted dark field system for contrast‐enhanced real‐time monitoring of 2D/3D‐projected cell motions
Authors: Jang Yeongseok , Han Seungbeom , Song Chulgyu , Jung Jinmu , Oh Jonghyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the field of biology, dark field microscopy provides superior insight into cells and subcellular structures. However, most dark field microscopes are equipped with a dark field filter and a light source on a 2D‐based specimen, so only a flat sample can be observed in a limited space. We propose a compact cell monitoring system with built‐in dark field filter with an optimized incident angle of the light source to provide real‐time cell imaging and spatial cell monitoring for long‐term free from phototoxicity. 2D projection imaging was implemented using a modular condenser lens to acquire high‐contrast images. This enabled the long‐term monitoring of cells, and the real‐time monitoring of cell division and death. This system was able to image, by 2D projection, cells on the surface thinly coated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes, as well as living cells that migrated along the surface of glass beads and hydrogel droplets with a diameter of about 160 μm. The optimal incident light angle‐fitted dark field system combines high‐contrast imaging sensitivity and high spatial resolution to even image cells on 3D surfaces.
SEC review of non‐GAAP comment letters in family firms
Authors: Khalil Samer , O'Shaughnessy Denise , Twardus Ian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate whether the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)’s review of voluntary non‐GAAP disclosures in 10‐K reports varies with firm ownership structure. Relying on the voluntary disclosure literature, we argue that managers voluntarily disclose financial and non‐financial information in order to resolve information asymmetries arising from firm ownership structure. We find, using a sample of firms over the period 2006–2018, that family ownership reduces the likelihood of receiving a comment letter related to non‐GAAP disclosures. We also show that family firms take a longer period and exchange a larger number of correspondence letters with the SEC before the latter closes the case. These findings contribute to the family firm literature and expand the literature investigating the SEC review of voluntary non‐GAAP disclosures.
Longitudinal trends of peripheral blood counts in polycythaemia vera and essential thrombocythemia patients in the UK
Authors: Carpenter Lewis , Rockenschaub Patrick , Hatton Grace B. , D'Abrantes Sofia , Sims Edward , Scott‐Ram Nicholas , Ducès Aurélie , Emanuel Gabrielle , Mead Adam J. , Drummond Mark W. , Lipunova Nadezda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is sparse evidence of how well haematological targets are met in practice for essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythaemia vera (PV) patients. Patient data was collected between 2008 and 2020 from two UK NHS Trusts for ET and PV patients. Longitudinal changes in peripheral blood counts, including the proportion of patients meeting peripheral blood count remission, was modelled. Relative risk of cardiovascular‐related events for patients achieving remission within 3‐months was estimated. A total of 620 ET and 429 PV patients were analysed. For high‐risk patients, haematological parameters decreased in the first months of observation then stabilised within normal reference ranges until year 5. Total time spent in peripheral blood count remission was 39.2% for ET and 29.1% for PV. A lower proportion of ET patients reached target platelet counts (48.3%) compared to WBC (79.1%), whilst PV patients were less likely to reach target haematocrit levels (56.9%) compared to platelets (77.3%) or WBC (74.6%). There was no statistically significant association between reaching target blood counts within 3‐months and cardiovascular risk. Complete haematological remission remains a challenging target in managing PV and ET, however this study was unable to show statistically‐significant evidence that this was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events.
State of the Art: Quantitative Cardiac MRI in Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Guo Yubo , Li Xiao , Wang Yining 
Published: June 2022

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is characterized by amyloid infiltration in the myocardial extracellular space, causing heart failure. Patients with CA are currently underdiagnosed. Cardiac involvement is significantly associated with the prognosis and treatment decision‐making for CA. Early identification and accurate stratification are the crucial first step in patient management. Comprehensive cardiac MRI‐based evaluation of the cardiac structure, function, and myocardial tissue characterization assesses cardiac involvement by tracing disease processes. Emerging quantitative tissue characterization techniques have introduced new measures that can identify early staged CA and monitor disease progression or response after treatment. Quantitative cardiac MRI is becoming an instrumental tool in understanding CA, which leads to changes in individualized patient care. This review aimed to discuss the quantitative cardiac MRI‐based assessment of CA using established and emerging techniques.Evidence Level5Technical EfficacyStage 3
On the existence of a large proglacial lake in the Rostov‐Kostroma lowland, north‐central European Russia
Authors: Borisova Olga , Konstantinov Evgeny , Utkina Anna , Baranov Dmitrii , Panin Andrei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Rostov‐Kostroma lowland is a depression stretched between the end‐moraine ridges of the Moscovian (MIS 6) glaciation crossed by the Upper Volga River. According to the theory accepted since the 1970s, in the Last Glacial epoch (MIS 2) this lowland was occupied by a glacially dammed lake that drained about 15 000 years ago, allowing the modern river system of the Upper Volga to appear. In this study, we test this concept using a synthesis of previously published data and new data on geomorphology, structure and age of the Late Quaternary deposits. The results obtained show that the last large lakes existed in this area during deglaciation at the end of MIS 6. By the beginning of the Last Interglacial (MIS 5e), these lakes were drained, and the present‐day Volga valley already existed. Small lakes remained in the deepest glaciodepressions, with few of them surviving until today. These lakes show no signs of depth or area increase in MIS 2. Lacustrine deposits of MIS 2 have not been found elsewhere. Therefore, no evidence of a single large lake in the Rostov‐Kostroma lowland in MIS 2 was found. The total area of the lakes did not differ much from that of modern times.
Deep Learning for FAST Quality Assessment
Authors: Taye Mesfin , Morrow Dustin , Cull John , Smith Dane Hudson , Hagan Martin 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the feasibility of using a deep learning (DL) algorithm to assess the quality of focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) exams.MethodsOur dataset consists of 441 FAST exams, classified as good‐quality or poor‐quality, with 3161 videos. We first used convolutional neural networks (CNNs), pretrained on the Imagenet dataset and fine‐tuned on the FAST dataset. Second, we trained a CNN autoencoder to compress FAST images, with a 20–1 compression ratio. The compressed codes were input to a two‐layer classifier network. To train the networks, each video was labeled with the quality of the exam, and the frames were labeled with the quality of the video. For inference, a video was classified as poor‐quality if half the frames were classified as poor‐quality by the network, and an exam was classified as poor‐quality if half the videos were classified as poor‐quality.ResultsThe results with the encoder‐classifier networks were much better than the transfer learning results with CNNs. This was primarily because the Imagenet dataset is not a good match for the ultrasound quality assessment problem. The DL models produced video sensitivities and specificities of 99% and 98% on held‐out test sets.ConclusionsUsing an autoencoder to compress FAST images is a very effective way to obtain features that can be used to predict exam quality. These features are more suitable than those obtained from CNNs pretrained on Imagenet.
Predictive Value of Risk Factors for Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Kim Sung Won , Hwang Se Hwan 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo assess the predictive value of various risk factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) after total laryngectomy.MethodsThe characteristics of each study were collected from six databases up to January of 2022. Risk for bias was assessed using the QUADAS‐2 tool.ResultsA total of 58 studies in 9845 patients were included in the analysis. The incidence of PCF was 21.69%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [0.20; 0.24] in the included studies. Age (OR = 1.33, 95% CI [1.12; 1.58]), postoperative anemia (OR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.47; 3.57]), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.20; 2.71]), tumor site (above or below the glottis) (OR = 1.47, 95% CI [1.15; 1.88]), previous radiation therapy (OR = 2.06, 95% CI [1.56; 2.72]), previous tracheostomy (OR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.04; 1.53]), surgery timing (salvage vs. primary) (OR = 2.08, 95% CI [1.46; 2.97]), extended total laryngectomy (including pharyngectomy) (OR = 1.96, 95% CI [1.28; 3.00]), primary tracheoesophageal puncture (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.40; 0.93]), and postoperative hypoproteinemia (OR = 9.98, 95% CI [3.68; 27.03]) were significantly associated with the occurrence of PCF. In view of predictive ability, postoperative hypoproteinemia showed the highest accuracy (sensitivity = 51%, specificity = 90%, area under the curve = 0.84).ConclusionMultiple patient‐, disease‐, and surgery‐related factors are risk factors for PCF. In particular, postoperative hypoproteinemia could be a good predictive factor for PCF in patients undergoing total laryngectomy. Laryngoscope, 133:742–754, 2023
Blickpunkt Nachwuchs: Photoselektive Katalyse
Authors: Teskey Christopher J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDie Selektivität eines katalytischen Systems zu verändern, erfordert meistens eine physikalische Änderung der Reaktionsbedingungen. Eine verbesserte Kontrolle der Katalysatoraktivität durch einen externen Stimulus wie Licht eröffnet daher neue Möglichkeiten für die Synthese. Dies erforscht Aduc‐Preisträger Christopher Teskey.
Trendbericht Biochemie 2022: Bioaktive Substanzen entdecken: von Display‐Methoden zu selbstkodierten Substanzbibliotheken
Authors: Pomplun Sebastian J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractÜber spezialisierte Enzyme, Affinitätsselektionsmethoden, um bioaktive Substanzen zu entdecken, hochauflösende Strukturanalyse von Proteinkomplexen und die Kombination von Bio‐ und Photokatalyse.
Bauchemie: Flammschutz aus Geflügelfedern
Authors: Weichold Oliver , Brenner Markus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEs gibt neue Ansätze, um große Mengen natürlicher und ungiftiger Materialien bereitzustellen, die vor schweren Bränden schützen. Wie sich Holzfaserplatten mit Substrat aus Keratin imprägnieren lassen.