bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental evolution of bacterial survival on metallic copper
Authors: Xu Feng , Liu Sha , Naren Naran , Li Lily , Ma Luyan Z. , Zhang Xue‐Xian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAntimicrobial copper‐containing surface materials have a great potential of reducing the risks of healthcare‐associated infections (HAIs), but their increased use in hospital facilities may select copper‐resistant strains, causing concerns to antimicrobial resistance management. Here, we describe a long‐term bacterial evolution experiment wherein a non‐pathogenic Pseudomonas strain was subjected to daily transfer in laboratory media with and without copper‐mediated contact killing. The copper treatment sequentially involved two surface materials differing in Cu content and thus contact killing effectiveness: first on brass (Cu 63.5%) and then on pure copper (Cu 99.9%). A gradual increase in bacterial survival rate (or a decrease of killing effectiveness) was observed over time on the related copper surfaces. For the final evolved populations after 320 transfers, 37.8% cells of the copper‐evolved populations were able to survive 60 min on pure copper, whereas populations in the control lines remained sensitive with a survival rate of 0.09% under the same contact killing condition. Genome re‐sequencing revealed ~540 mutations accumulated in the copper lines but only 71, on average, in the control lines (variant frequency > 0.5). The mutagenic activities of Cu+ ions were confirmed by measuring spontaneous mutation rate in a laboratory medium supplemented with copper sulfate at a non‐inhibitory concentration. The copper‐evolved populations have acquired increased resistance to Cu+ ions and tobramycin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic), but showed decreased production of biofilm, exoprotein, and pyoverdine. Together, our data demonstrate the potential of bacteria to evolve prolonged survival on metallic copper, and the long‐term impacts should be considered with increased copper usage in hospital environments.
Detecting endangered pinto abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) using environmental DNA: Comparison of ddPCR, qPCR, and conventional diver surveys
Authors: Dimond James L. , Gathright Benjamin Ryder , Bouma Joshua V. , Carson Henry S. , Sowul Kathleen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAbalone populations along the Pacific Coast of North America are threatened. In the Salish Sea (Washington, USA), pinto abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) have failed to recover from intensive harvest after over 25 years of fishery closure, prompting a growing restoration effort. As these efforts expand, a persistent challenge is simply locating this rare and highly cryptic species in the field, limiting the ability to identify critical habitat and locate wild adults to serve as restoration broodstock. Here, we tested the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) to detect pinto abalone. Using a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay previously developed for larval pinto abalone, we first evaluated its sensitivity to abalone eDNA in aquaria settings, finding a positive relationship between abalone biomass and the concentration of abalone DNA. We then tested abalone eDNA detection in the field by collecting replicate water samples from abalone restoration sites, using an occupancy model to estimate detection probability in relation to abalone biomass estimated via diver surveys. Both eDNA concentration and detection probability were positively associated with diver‐estimated abalone biomass. By modifying the assay for droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), detection probability increased by 32%–89% over qPCR. eDNA surveys using ddPCR had higher error (CV = 96.9%) than diver surveys (CV = 29.4%) but were more efficient, taking approximately 1/10th of the person‐hours per site of a diver survey. For the final phase of the study, we collected water samples at 80 sites throughout the region, obtaining positive abalone eDNA detections at 11 sites with qPCR and 19 additional sites with ddPCR. Our results provide novel survey data on abalone populations within the Salish Sea and show that eDNA is a viable tool for cost‐effective, efficient, and non‐invasive abalone detection.
Revisiting Formal Copper(III) Complexes: Bridging Perspectives with Quasi‐d10 Configurations
Authors: Leach Isaac F. , Havenith Remco W. A. , Klein Johannes E. M. N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe formal Cu(III) complex [Cu(CF3)4]1− has often served as a paradigmatic example of challenging oxidation state assignment – with many reports proposing conflicting descriptions. Here we report a computational analysis of this compound, employing Energy Decomposition Analysis and Intrinsic Bond Orbital Analysis. We present a quasi‐d10 perspective of the metal centre, resulting from ambiguities in d‐electron counting. The implications for describing reactions which undergo oxidation state changes, such as the formal reductive elimination from the analogous [Cu(CF3)3(CH2Ph)]1− complex (Paeth et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 3153), are probed. Electron flow analysis finds that the changes in electronic structure may be understood as a quasi‐d10 to d10 transition at the metal centre, rendering this process essentially redox neutral. This is reminiscent of a previously studied formal Ni(IV) complex (Steen et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 13133–13139), and indicates that our description of electronic structure has implications for the understanding of elementary organometallic reaction steps.
N‐stabilized metal single atoms enabled rich defects for noble‐metal alloy toward superior water reduction
Authors: Jin Haiyan , Wong Lok Wing , Lai Ka Hei , Zheng Xiaodong , Lau Shu Ping , Deng Qingming , Zhao Jiong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe traditional methods of introducing defects into alloy catalysts, such as dealloying, quenching, and doping, usually require complicated processes, rendering less controllability to the products and performances. Herein, a simple fabrication method for vacancy‐rich IrCo alloy nanoparticles supported on N‐doped carbon sheets (denoted as D‐IrCo/NC) is applied by post‐annealing the single atom (Ir and Co) dispersed precursors. The mobile single atoms and the coalescences of metallic clusters are directly observed via in situ transmission electron microscopy. Compared to the alloy catalysts obtained by direct calcination or other traditional methods, the D‐IrCo4.9/NC catalyst is enriched with vacancy defects and only demands an overpotential of 14 mV at j = 10 mA/cm2 for HER. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the under‐coordinated Ir sites possess the lowest hydrogen adsorption energy. This novel preparation method is universal, and this work also provides a facile strategy to fabricate highly defective alloy catalysts evolved from single atom precursors.image
Automatic modulation classification with 2D transforms and convolutional neural network
Authors: Ghanem Hanan S. , Shoaib Mohamed R. , El‐Gazar Safaa , Emara Heba , El‐Shafai Walid , El‐Moneim Samia A. , El‐Fishawy Adel S. , Taha Taha E. , Hamed Hesham F.A. , El‐Banby Ghada M. , Elsabrouty Maha , El‐Rabaie El‐Sayed M. , Abd El‐Samie Fathi E. , Salama Gerges M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on automatic modulation classification (AMC) in wireless communication systems. A convolutional neural network (CNN) with three layers is introduced for the AMC process. Over degraded channels, it is assumed that the constellation diagrams of received signals do not show sharp points as in the case of pure signals. Instead, the points spread to constitute circle‐shaped objects. With more deterioration in channel conditions, these circle‐shaped objects begin to show overlapping. This behavior motivates us to use object detection, when dealing with the modulation classification task. The selection of the adopted transforms in this article is made from the object detection perspective. Different 2D transforms are considered on the constellation diagrams and compared for better classification performance. These transforms are the Radon transform (RT), the curvelet transform, and the phase congruency (PC). They are applied on the 2D constellation diagrams prior to the classification task with the CNN. The classification of the modulation format at different signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) is considered in this article from the constellation diagrams, and the preprocessed constellation diagrams using RT, curvelet transform, and PC. Seven types of modulation formats are considered in this study to represent both spread and dense constellation diagram patterns, and the study extends from −10 to 10 dB. Analysis of the results indicating the most suitable preprocessor according to the constellation type and the SNR involved is provided.
Immune‐modified Glasgow prognostic score: A new prognostic marker for head and neck cancer
Authors: Terazawa Kosuke , Ohashi Toshimitsu , Shibata Hirofumi , Ishihara Takuma , Ogawa Takenori 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) includes C‐reactive protein and serum albumin levels and is a useful prognostic tool for malignant tumors. The immune system affects cancer progression and recurrence and treatment response. We hypothesized that increasing the lymphocyte count improves mGPS, and we created a new prognostic marker termed immune‐mGPS (imGPS).MethodsThis study included 461 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The imGPS was calculated as the conventional mGPS with one additional point for a low lymphocyte count (<1250/μL).ResultsAddition of the lymphocyte count to mGPS significantly increased the area under the time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curve for overall and progression‐free survivals. The added predictive abilities of this tool were supported by improvement in both net reclassification and integrated discrimination.ConclusionimGPS is a more accurate predictor of clinical outcome in patients with HNSCC than mGPS.
Emerging reconfigurable electronic devices based on two‐dimensional materials: A review
Authors: Fei Wenwen , Trommer Jens , Lemme Max Christian , Mikolajick Thomas , Heinzig André 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs the dimensions of the transistor, the key element of silicon technology, are approaching their physical limits, developing semiconductor technology with novel concepts and materials has been the main focus of scientific research and industry. In recent years, emerging reconfigurable technologies that offer device‐level run‐time reconfigurability have been explored and shown the potential to enhance device and circuit functions. Two‐dimensional (2D) materials possess exquisite electronic properties and provide a suitable platform for reconfigurable technology owing to their atomic‐thin thickness and high sensitivity to external electrical fields. In this review, we present an intensive survey of 2D‐material‐based devices with diverse reconfigurability, including carrier polarity, threshold voltage control, as well as multifunctional configurations enabled by 2D heterostructures. We discuss the working principles for these devices in detail and highlight the important figures of merit for performance improvement. We further provide a forward‐looking perspective on the opportunities and challenges of these reconfigurable devices based on 2D materials in the field of computing technologies.image
A shape memory scaffold for body temperature self‐repairing wearable perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 21%
Authors: Xue Tangyue , Huang Zengqi , Zhang Pei , Su Meng , Hu Xiaotian , Wu Tingqing , Fan Baojin , Chen Gangshu , Yu Guanghui , Liu Wentao , Liu Xuying , Zhang Yiqiang , Song Yanlin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGrain boundary cracks in flexible perovskite films can be repaired by filling with self‐repairing polymers during the preparation and wearable operation. However, the self‐repairing polymers are commonly active through external heating or humidification treatments, which cannot match with the human body's temperature tolerance of wearable devices. Herein, a body temperature‐responsive shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) is demonstrated to achieve the real‐time mechanical self‐repairing of grain boundary cracks (~37°C). Furthermore, the strong intermolecular interaction between SMPU and the uncoordinated Pb2+ and I−, can reduce the trap density in perovskite films. The blade‐coated device achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.33%, which is among the best reported flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs; 0.10 cm2). Importantly, the device with SMPU can recover more than 80% of the PCE after 6000 cycles (bending radius: 8 mm). Finally, the flexible PSCs are used for wearable solar power supply of a smartphone, which show great potential for self‐repairing wearable electronics.
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Critical collaboration across three transnational literacy autobiographies
Authors: Kang Stephie Minjung , Gangopadhyay Suha , Hall Lindsey Allene 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHistorically, language and literacy education has overemphasized the ability to listen, speak, read, and write in one standard language (Campbell, 2005; Clark, 2013) without taking personal, historical, and contextual literacy experiences into account. Undertaking autobiography writing as a critical reflexive practice, this study analyzes three transnational literacy autobiographies or TLAs (Canagarajah, 2020) by each author that center critical engagement with an artifact (Pahl & Rowsell, 2010) to learn how experiences within transnational contact zones have shaped their trajectories as literacies scholars. Merging pluriversality and transnational literacies as conceptual frameworks for analyzing their autobiographies, the authors conduct an interactive elicitation strategy and identify colonialism, emotion, and identity as emergent themes. Finally, the authors suggest using TLAs through critical collaboration to center transnational literacies and pedagogies, develop a transnational ethic of care, and imagine changes in current systems of inequity in literacy education.
Network pharmacology and molecular docking integrated strategy to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of palmatine in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Pei Hongyan , Zeng Jianning , Chen Weijia , He Zhongmei , Du Rui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe key molecular mechanism of palmatine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) was investigated in this article.MethodsNetwork pharmacology techniques constructed drug‐target‐disease relationship networks and predictive pathways of action. At the cellular level, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce Raw 264.7 cells to establish an inflammation model, and interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α indicators were examined. Apoptosis was detected using Hoechst 33258. At the animal level, LPS was used to induce AD animal model, and behavioral performance were examined by water maze, and serum biochemical indexes were measured by ELISA. And the expression of PI3K and P‐AKT was observed by immunohistochemistry. Finally, molecular level validation was performed using the molecular docking technique.ResultsThe result of Network pharmacological was predicted that palmatine may treat AD mainly through the PI3K pathway. Palmatine has no significant effect on Raw264.7 cells viability within 0.05 mg/ml, Palmatine can significantly induce Raw264.7 cells to secret IL‐6 and IL1‐β in a concentration‐dependent manner, but it has not obvious impact on NO and TNF‐α. Palmatine has a significant restorative effect on the cell viability of Raw264.7 in a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. Palmatine can be concentration‐dependent to downregulate the secretion of LPS‐induced IL‐6. At the same time, Palmatine also has a significant effect on the level of TNF‐α induced by LPS, it also can slightly downregulate the secretion of IL‐1β. The results of Hoechst33258 showed that cells in the 0.025 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml delivery groups increased with different degrees of bright blue fluorescence, and apoptosis rate decreased. Animal experiments showed that palmatine effectively improved the learning and memory ability of AD mice. The immunohistochemical results exhibited that the expression of PI3K and P‐AKT in the model group decreased, but they were obvious reversed by palmatine The molecular docking results showed that palmatine and key targets had good docking, among which the binding to ERBB2, CDC42, MDM2, and mTOR was the most likely.ConclusionPalmatine has neuroprotective effects. Palmatine could effectively ameliorate memory impairment in AD mice by promoting the PI3K‐AKT pathway. Molecular docking results showed that palmatine has a better binding ability with mTOR.
Serotonergic mechanisms associated with experimental models of hypoxia: A systematic review
Authors: Carneiro Isadora Braga Contreiras , Toscano Ana Elisa , da Cunha Marcela de Sá Barreto , Lacerda Diego Cabral , Pontes Paula Brielle , de Castro Raul Manhães , de Jesus Deiró Tereza Cristina Bonfim , Medeiros Jairza Maria Barreto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this systematic review was to explore and discuss the literature concerning the effects of hypoxia or anoxia during the perinatal period on the serotoninergic network in rodents, through mechanisms that lead to changes in serotonergic neurons, levels, segments of central nervous system affected, 5‐HT transporter, and 5‐HT receptor.MethodsLiterature searches were performed in Embase, Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and SCOPUS, from April to July 2021, with a total of 1045 published studies found. Using a predefined protocol, as registered on the CAMARADES website, 10 articles were included in this review. The PRISMA statement was used for reporting this systematic review. The internal validity was assessed using the SYRCLE's risk of bias tool.ResultsOur main findings show that hypoxia in the first days of postnatal life led to a disturbance in the serotonergic system with reduced in 5‐HT fibers, reduced brain levels of 5‐HT and 5‐HIAA, reduced SERT protein expression, and reduced receptor 5‐HT7. Putative mechanisms involving damage in the serotoninergic system include retrograde cell death resulting from primary damage mainly in forebrain areas, which impairs remote areas including serotonergic raphe nuclei. Other probable mechanisms associated with the serotoninergic network damage may be triggered by excitotoxic lesion and neuroinflammation.ConclusionHypoxia at the beginning of an animal's life leads to modification of the serotonergic components associated with putative mechanisms that include cell damage and neuroinflammation.
Novel polymorphism of the HMGCR gene related to the risk of diabetes in premature triple‐vessel disease patients
Authors: Zhao Xueyan , Tang Xiaofang , Xu Jingjing , Liu Ru , Huang Keyong , Li Jiawen , Li Yulong , Jiang Lin , Xu Lianjun , Zhang Yin , Wang Dong , Hui Rutai , Gao Runlin , Song Lei , Yuan Jinqing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCoronary heart disease and diabetes are highly interrelated and complex diseases. We proposed to investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms of the lipoprotein important regulatory genes Niemann‐Pick C1‐like 1 (NPC1L1) and 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) in patients with premature triple‐vessel coronary disease (PTVD) with diabetes, blood glucose and body mass index.MethodsFour single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs11763759, rs4720470, rs2072183 and rs2073547) of NPC1L1 and three SNPs (rs12916, rs2303151 and rs4629571) of HMGCR were genotyped in 872 PTVD patients.ResultsAfter performing logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex, rs2303151 of HMGCR was related to the risk of diabetes in the dominance model (odds ratio = 1.35, 95% confidence interval = 1.01–1.80, p = 0.04). However, the four SNPs of NPC1L1 were not associated with the risk of diabetes. Further analyses showed that neither the above SNPs of NPC1L1, nor the SNPs of HMGCR were related to blood glucose and body mass index (all p > 0.05).ConclusionsWe report that rs2303151 is a novel polymorphism of the HMGCR gene related to the risk of diabetes in PTVD patients, which suggests HMGCR may be a potential common targeted pathogenic pathways between coronary heart disease and diabetes.
AMF and PSB applications modulated the biochemical and mineral content of the eggplants
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Delta Anil K. , Dhanda Parmdeep S. , Kaushik Prashant , Mohanta Yugal K. , Saravanan Muthupandian , Mohanta Tapan K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the beneficial role of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in improving eggplant fruits' biochemical composition and mineral content. The plants were treated with AMF Acaulospora laevis, and bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens, and the corresponding variations were measured for mineral content (Ca, Fe, Mg, K, and P), biochemical parameters (dry matter, total soluble solid [TSS], phenolics, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C) along with arbuscular mycorrhiza spore number, and percentage of root colonization. The AMF and PSB‐mediated soil and root‐associated nutrients become available for uptake via mineralization, solubilization, and mobilization, primarily through the generation of organic acids and P‐hydrolysing enzymes by the microbes. All the treatments showed a significant increase in the concentrations of different biochemical components. However, the combination of both A. laevis and P. fluorescens was found to be the most efficient. These results indicated the possibility of A. laevis and P. fluorescens being used as biofertilizers.
Use of Glycolysis‐Enhancing Drugs and Risk of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Simmering Jacob E. , Welsh Michael J. , Schultz Jordan , Narayanan Nandakumar S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTerazosin (TZ) and closely related α1‐adrenergic receptor antagonists (doxazosin [DZ] and alfuzosin [AZ]) enhance glycolysis and reduce neurodegeneration in animal models. Observational evidence in humans from several databases supports this finding; however, a recent study has suggested that tamsulosin, the comparator medication, increases the risk of Parkinson's disease.AimsWe consider a different comparison group of men taking 5α‐reductase inhibitors (5ARIs) as a new, independent comparison allowing us to both obtain new estimates of the association between TZ/DZ/AZ and Parkinson's disease outcomes and validate tamsulosin as an active comparator.MethodsUsing the Truven Health Analytics Marketscan database, we identified men without Parkinson's disease, newly started on TZ/DZ/AZ, tamsulosin, or 5ARIs. We followed these matched cohorts to compare the hazard of developing Parkinson's disease. We conducted sensitivity analyses using variable duration of lead‐in to mitigate biases introduced by prodromal disease.ResultsWe found that men taking TZ/DZ/AZ had a lower hazard of Parkinson's disease than men taking tamsulosin (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.71, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.65–0.77, n = 239,888) and lower than men taking 5ARIs (HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75–0.94, n = 129,116). We found the TZ/DZ/AZ versus tamsulosin HR to be essentially unchanged with up to 5 years of lead‐in time; however, the TZ/DZ/AZ versus 5ARI effect became attenuated with longer lead‐in durations.ConclusionsThese data suggest that men using TZ/DZ/AZ have a somewhat lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease than those using tamsulosin and a slightly lower risk than those using 5ARIs. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society