bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Wheat Genotypes under Late Sown Conditions in Eastern Region of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Krishna Peram Vamsi , Umesha C. , Satish Reddi , Reddy Satti Maheswara , Raj Gorla Venkata 
Published: July 2022

There is an increase in the world population greatly during the past decade. In order to support the growing population scientists are looking towards the high yielding varieties to provide for the world. As such field experiment entitled “Performance of Wheat genotypes under late sown conditions in Eastern region of Uttar Pradesh" was conducted during Rabi 2022 at Wheat Breeding Experimental Field, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with Eight genotypes which were replicated four times. The genotypes used in the experiment are NELS-201, NELS-202, NELS-203, NELS-204, NELS-205, NELS-206, NELS-207, NELS-208. The experiment results revealed that the Wheat genotype NELS-208 performed better than other hybrids viz. Plant height (103.19 cm), dry weight (22.46 g), number of tillers per hill (12.85), number of grains per spike (84.00), spike length (13.40 cm), test weight (40.73 g), grain yield (3.10 t/ha), straw yield (4.85 t/ha), Harvest index (38.99%) was recorded significantly higher compared to other genotypes.
Effect of Phosphorus in Conjoint with Organics and Bioinoculant on Growth, Yield and Quality Parameters of Blackgram in Typic Chromustert
Authors: Suthakar V. , Indirani R. , Kannan P. , Murugan E. 
Published: July 2022

Aims: Use of phosphorus fertilizer along with farmyard manure, vermicompost and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium) in black calcareous soil was conducted to assess the impact on the growth, yield and quality parameters of blackgram variety VBN 8 during the year 2022.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design (RBD) with twelve treatments and three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Kalligudi block of Madurai district, representing the Southern part of Tamil Nadu during the summer season of 2022.
Methodology: Twelve treatments were followed with various combinations of organics viz, vermicompost and farmyard manure, bioinoculant, and inorganic chemical fertilizer at different ratios. The combinations are 100 per cent and 75 per cent of P2O5 on STCR (Soil Test Crop Response) basis mixed with farmyard manure (1:10 ratio) and vermicompost (1:5 ratio). The impact of different treatments were recorded on shoot length, root volume, SPAD value, Leaf Area Index, grain yield, protein, cystine, and methionine content.
Results: Among the treatments, application of 100% of P2O5 on Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) basis incubated for 30 days with vermicompost at 1:5 ratio + phosphorus solubilizing bacteria @ 2 kg ha-1 T11 has improved the black gram shoot length (27.6 cm), root volume (2.43 cm3), SPAD value (45.91), Leaf Area Index at 20 DAS (1.09) and 40 DAS (3.7), grain yield (936.1 kg ha-1) protein content (23.21%), cystine content (1.97%) and methionine content (2.29%).
Conclusion: The integration of vermicompost and bioinoculant along with phosphorus fertilizer in black calcareous soil has improved the blackgram yield by 35.8% over the use of recommended dose of fertilizer alone. This result highlights the need of integrated application of phosphorus fertilizer along with organics and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria in black calcareous soil for sustainable production of blackgram.
Screening of Big Onion Varieties for Sodicity Tolerance at Cauvery Delta Zone in South India
Authors: Vetrivel M. , Amutha R. , Kalarani M. K. , Paramaguru P. , Rajanbabu V. 
Published: July 2022

Sodicity is a major factor affects crop growth and productivity at global level. Out of 1.5 billion ha of cultivable land at global level, 23% are affected due to salinity and 37% by sodicity. Fourteen Big onion varieties were screened by employing germination test in an osmatic solution of Na2CO3 (Sodium bicarbonate).Simultaneously, all the varieties were allowed to germinate in distilled water (control).Three Replications of 20 seeds of each variety were counted and distributed over two layers of paper towel (21x21 cm) previously moistened with water equivalent to three times the dry weight of the paper and tied both ends with rubber band and kept in a plastic tray with different concentrations ( 0, 25mM, 50mM, 75mM, 100 M ) of Na2CO3. At the end of the 21st day, final germination percent, root length, shoot length, root dry weight, shoot weight, Relative water content and membrane stability index, were recorded in Na2CO3 solution as against the distilled water was calculated. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized design with two factors. As a result a decline in all onion growth paramers, with increasing sodicity stress has been recorded. Significant differences were observed between the varieties and different Na2CO3 concentrations. Irrespective of Na2CO3 concentrations, Bhima Safed recorded significantly maximum stress tolerant index compared to other varieties and minimum stress tolerant index value recorded bhima red variety. Based on stress tolerant index, Bhima safed variety tolerant to sodicity stress and Bhima red variety sensitive to sodicity stress.
Association between Vessel Density and Visual Acuity in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Ahmed Walaa Abdelnaeem , El-Emam Sharif Yousef , Mahmoud Mostafa Abdellatif , Serag Yasser Ragab 
Published: July 2022

Background: In the non-proliferative stage, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal vascular disease. Characterised by the formation of micro aneurysms, retinal haemorrhages, exudates, venous alterations, and capillary non-perfusion. With the usage of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), the purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between vessel density and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in DR patients.
Methods: This prospective observational research was done on 50 eyes of 35 consecutive diabetic patients who were diagnosed with mild, moderate or severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and patients with proliferative diabetic changes (as NVD and neovascularization elsewhere (NVE)) as well as a control group consisting of 20 eyes of 10 healthy age-matched participants. Participants were divided into two groups: group A (diabetic patients): sub divided group A1: 40 eyes diagnosed with NPDR and A2: 10 eyes diagnosed with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and group B (control group): 20 healthy eyes of age matched participants as a control group. All the eyes were subjected to fund us fluoresce in angiography (FFA) and OCTA. Comparison was made between the vascular density index (VD) in the different slaps between NPDR and PDR group, as well as correlation between the VD and BCVA.
Results: Significant positive correlation was observed between visual acuity (Log MAR) and vascular density index of superficial layer, deep layer in NPDR group and PDR group. Significant positive correlation was observed between vascular density index of superficial, deep layer and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (Log MAR) in NPDR group and PDR group.
Conclusions: Using OCTA enhance our awareness of the micro vascular alterations found in DR and allow assessment of disease severity.
Supramolecular Nitric Oxide Depot for Hypoxic Tumor Vessel Normalization and Radiosensitization
Authors: Yang Cuihong , Mu Ganen , Zhang Ying , Gao Yang , Zhang Wenxue , Liu Jinjian , Zhang Wenwen , Li Paiyun , Yang Lijun , Yang Zhimou , Gao Jie , Liu Jianfeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn cancer radiotherapy, the lack of fixed DNA damage by oxygen in hypoxic microenvironment of solid tumors often leads to severe radioresistance. Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent radiosensitizer that acts in two ways. It can directly react with the radical DNA thus fixing the damage. It also normalizes the abnormal tumor vessels, thereby increasing blood perfusion and oxygen supply. To achieve these functions, the dosage and duration of NO treatment need to be carefully controlled, otherwise it will lead to the exact opposite outcomes. However, a delivery method that fulfills both requirements is still lacking. A NO depot is designed for the control of NO releasing both over quantity and duration for hypoxic tumor vessel normalization and radiosensitization. In B16‐tumor‐bearing mice, the depot can provide low dosage NO continuously and release large amount of NO immediately before irradiation for a short period of time. These two modes of treatment work in synergy to reverse the radioresistance of B16 tumors more efficiently than releasing at single dosage.
Why it is Unfortunate that Linear Machine Learning “Works” so well in Electromechanical Switching of Ferroelectric Thin Films
Authors: Qin Shuyu , Guo Yichen , Kaliyev Alibek T. , Agar Joshua C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMachine learning (ML) is relied on for materials spectroscopy. It is challenging to make ML models fail because statistical correlations can mimic the physics without causality. Here, using a benchmark band‐excitation piezoresponse force microscopy polarization spectroscopy (BEPS) dataset the pitfalls of the so‐called “better”, “faster”, and “less‐biased” ML of electromechanical switching are demonstrated and overcome. Using a toy and real experimental dataset, it is demonstrated how linear nontemporal ML methods result in physically reasonable embedding (eigenvalues) while producing nonsensical eigenvectors and generated spectra, promoting misleading interpretations. A new method of unsupervised multimodal hyperspectral analysis of BEPS is demonstrated using long‐short‐term memory (LSTM) β‐variational autoencoders (β‐VAEs) . By including LSTM neurons, the ordinal nature of ferroelectric switching is considered. To improve the interpretability of the latent space, a variational Kullback–Leibler‐divergency regularization is imposed . Finally, regularization scheduling of β as a disentanglement metric is leveraged to reduce user bias. Combining these experiment‐inspired modifications enables the automated detection of ferroelectric switching mechanisms, including a complex two‐step, three‐state one. Ultimately, this work provides a robust ML method for the rapid discovery of electromechanical switching mechanisms in ferroelectrics and is applicable to other multimodal hyperspectral materials spectroscopies.
Vapor‐Assisted In Situ Recrystallization for Efficient Tin‐Based Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zhang Fang , Min Hao , Zhang Ya , Kuang Zhiyuan , Wang Jiaqi , Feng Ziqian , Wen Kaichuan , Xu Lei , Yang Chao , Shi Haokun , Zhuo Chunxue , Wang Nana , Chang Jin , Huang Wei , Wang Jianpu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTin‐based perovskites are a promising candidates to replace their toxic lead‐based counterparts in optoelectronic applications, such as light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the development of tin perovskite LEDs is slow due to the challenge of obtaining high‐quality tin perovskite films. Here, a vapor‐assisted spin‐coating method is developed to achieve high‐quality tin perovskites and high‐efficiency LEDs. It is revealed that solvent vapor can lead to in situ recrystallization of tin perovskites during the film‐formation process, thus significantly improving the crystalline quality with reduced defects. An antioxidant additive is further introduced to suppress the oxidation of Sn2+ and increase the photoluminescence quantum efficiency up to ≈30%, which is an approximately fourfold enhancement in comparison with that of the control method. As a result, efficient tin perovskite LEDs are achieved with a peak external quantum efficiency of 5.3%, which is among the highest efficiency of lead‐free perovskite LEDs.
Tungsten‐based Nanomaterials in the Biomedical Field: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Progress and Prospects
Authors: Gu Chenglu , Wang Zhiqiang , Pan Yawen , Zhu Shuang , Gu Zhanjun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTungsten‐based nanomaterials (TNMs) with diverse nanostructures and unique physicochemical properties have been widely applied in the biomedical field. Although various reviews have described the application of TNMs in specific biomedical fields, there are still no comprehensive studies that summarize and analyze research trends of the field as a whole. To identify and further promote the development of biomedical TNMs, a bibliometric analysis method is used to analyze all relevant literature on this topic. First, general bibliometric distributions of the dataset by year, country, institute, referenced source, and research hotspots are recognized. Next, a comprehensive review of the subjectively recognized research hotspots in various biomedical fields, including biological sensing, anticancer treatments, antibacterials, and toxicity evaluation, is provided. Finally, the prospects and challenges of TNMs are discussed to provide a new perspective for further promoting their development in biomedical research.
Tumor budding may be a promising prognostic indicator in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Kosaka Hisashi , Ishida Mitsuaki , Ueno Masaki , Komeda Koji , Hokutou Daisuke , Iida Hiroya , Hirokawa Fumitoshi , Matsui Kosuke , Sekimoto Mitsugu , Kaibori Masaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeThis retrospective study evaluated our hypothesis that high tumor budding (≥10 buds) may help determine the appropriate T category for more accurate staging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).MethodsWe analyzed the clinical and histopathologic data of 235 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed ICC following hepatectomy at five university hospitals in the Kansai region of Japan between January 2009 and December 2020. ICC staging was based on the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan (LCSGJ) staging system, 6th edition.ResultsPatients with ICC with high budding showed significantly shorter disease‐specific survival (DSS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) than patients with low/intermediate budding. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed a hazard ratio of 2.2‐2.3 (P < 0.05) for high budding. Based on these results, we modified the T category of ICC in the LCSGJ staging system by adding severity of tumor budding as a fourth determinant. This proposed staging system for ICC has significantly improved the prognostic accuracy for both DSS and DFS (both: P < 0.05).ConclusionsHigh tumor budding is a new candidate for an additional determinant of the T category in staging ICC. An LCSGJ staging system containing an additional evaluation of tumor budding may lead to improved staging accuracy.
Atomically precise thiolate‐protected gold nanoclusters: Current status of designability of the structure and physicochemical properties
Authors: Hossain Sakiat , Hirayama Daisuke , Ikeda Ayaka , Ishimi Mai , Funaki Sota , Samanta Arpan , Kawawaki Tokuhisa , Negishi Yuichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThiolate (SR)‐protected gold nanoclusters (Aun(SR)m NCs) are a rare type of material capable of simultaneously exhibiting multiple physicochemical properties well‐suited to specific applications, including photoluminescence, thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, magnetism, and optical activity. Over the past several decades, there has been tremendous progress in our understanding of the structure and physicochemical properties of Aun(SR)m NCs, resulting in the ability to fine‐tune the characteristics of these materials. It is therefore helpful to examine the extent to which the properties of Aun(SR)m and related metal NCs can now be adjusted based on design. This review presents representative examples of previous studies concerning the geometry, electronic structure, luminescence properties, catalysis, magnetism and optical activity of Aun(SR)m and related metal NCs and discusses the current status of the designability of these NCs to impart specific structural and physicochemical characteristics. This information is expected to accelerate the fabrication of highly functional materials based on Aun(SR)m and related metal NCs.
Subarachnoid and subdural haematoma after attempted spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section
Authors: Santos R. , Silva R. , Gomes A. , Cardoso H. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryWe report a case of a previously healthy patient who developed a vertebral canal haematoma in the subarachnoid and subdural spaces after a spinal puncture for elective caesarean section. Vertebral canal haematomas are rare. There are different mechanisms for haematoma formation, but coagulation disturbances and trauma, most often due to needle punctures, are the most important. Vertebral canal haematoma may warrant emergent surgical decompression. In this case report we discuss vertebral canal haematomas, including possible mechanisms, clinical diagnosis, imaging modalities, methods for management and advice for patients. We consider the possible association between a vertebral canal haematoma and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, and draw attention to an existing black box warning for ketorolac. In this case, we explain why a conservative approach was chosen with a good outcome. We also report the effect of this complication on the patient experience.
Water‐in‐oleogel emulsion based on γ‐oryzanol and phytosterol mixtures: Challenges and its potential use for the delivery of bioactives
Authors: Pinto Tiago C. , Martins Artur J. , Pastrana Lorenzo , Pereira Maria C. , Cerqueira Miguel A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present work aimed at developing a novel water‐in‐oleogel emulsion using a mixture of γ‐oryzanol and phytosterols as gelator. The gelator network was severely affected by the presence of water, with single β‐sitosterol crystals being the main contributors to the self‐standing ability of the emulsions. X‐ray analyses have shown sharp crystallographic reflections for anhydrous and hemihydrated β‐sitosterol crystals, independently of the gelator concentrations and water‐in‐oleogel ratios. The samples with higher water content have shown additional reflections that could be traced back to monohydrated β‐sitosterol crystals, but these were not present after 7 days. The rheological analysis has revealed the impact of the emulsion composition on their strength. Foreseeing their use for the co‐delivery of bioactive compounds, we added β‐carotene and epigallocatechin gallate to the emulsions. We confirmed their viability toward the incorporation of bioactives in their free‐form, constituting a proof of concept for the fortification of lipid‐rich foods with both oil and water‐soluble bioactive compounds.
Molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles for the recognition of ellagic acid
Authors: Yucel Necla , Gulen Hatice , Cakir Hatir Pinar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEllagic acid (EA) is one of the bioactive polyphenolic flavonoids found in many fruits. Over the years, various extraction methods have been developed to isolate pure EA from plant samples. These methods, however, have some disadvantages, such as low specificity and selectivity, not easy incorporation into industrial processes, and low‐purification efficiency. The present study proposes an approach based on the molecular imprinting technique. We describe the nanoscale production of EA imprinted polymers for the first time. We develop a straightforward, efficient, and environmentally friendly precipitation polymerization method to synthesize molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs). To increase the affinity of nanoMIPs, we explore molecular interactions between EA and functional monomers before polymerization. The nanoMIPs are successfully synthesized with an excellent yield of 94.5%. The maximum binding capacity is 66.6 and 45.6 μmol/g for EA imprinted and nonimprinted polymers, respectively. Furthermore, in the presence of quercetin, an EA analog, and other compounds in the pomegranate peel extract solution, nanoMIPs selectively retain EA. NanoMIPs will be a valuable analytical tool for separation and sensing applications, especially dispersive solid‐phase extraction.
Nano‐silica/fluorinated polyacrylate composites as surface protective coatings for simulated stone cultural relic protection
Authors: Xu Jicheng , Zhang Tao , Jiang Yan , Qiu Shu , Li Pengling , Yang Dongya , Qiu Fengxian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStone cultural relics are widely distributed globally and have significant historical and cultural significance and research value. However, most of them have suffered severe weathering and erosion due to the physical and chemical effects of different climatic conditions. Herein, a series of nano‐silica/fluorinated polyacrylate composites as surface protective coatings to protect simulated stone cultural relics were prepared with dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA), acrylates, and different contents of nano‐silica. The storage stability, mechanical stability, coagulum rate, and surface tension of the composite coatings were measured. The UV absorption, chemical structure, surface morphology, and thermal properties of composite films were characterized. When the nano‐silica content was 6 wt%, the optimal nano‐silica/fluorinated polyacrylate (Si‐F‐3) composite with excellent comprehensive properties was applied in the protection of simulated stone cultural relics. Compared with the uncoated original stone samples, the simulated stone cultural relics treated with Si‐F‐3 composite not only had freeze–thaw resistance but also could slow down sulfate erosion and freeze–thaw coupling cycle (SEFTCC) test damage. To conclude, the nano‐silica/fluorinated polyacrylate composites could be a desirable solution for protecting stone cultural relics.
Data science curriculum in theiField
Authors: Zhang Yin , Wu Dan , Hagen Loni , Song Il‐Yeol , Mostafa Javed , Oh Sam , Anderson Theresa , Shah Chirag , Bishop Bradley Wade , Hopfgartner Frank , Eckert Kai , Federer Lisa , Saltz Jeffrey S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMany disciplines, including the broad Field of Information (iField), offer Data Science (DS) programs. There have been significant efforts exploring an individual discipline's identity and unique contributions to the broader DS education landscape. To advance DS education in the iField, the iSchool Data Science Curriculum Committee (iDSCC) was formed and charged with building and recommending a DS education framework for iSchools. This paper reports on the research process and findings of a series of studies to address important questions: What is the iField identity in the multidisciplinary DS education landscape? What is the status of DS education in iField schools? What knowledge and skills should be included in the core curriculum for iField DS education? What are the jobs available for DS graduates from the iField? What are the differences between graduate‐level and undergraduate‐level DS education? Answers to these questions will not only distinguish an iField approach to DS education but also define critical components of DS curriculum. The results will inform individual DS programs in the iField to develop curriculum to support undergraduate and graduate DS education in their local context.