bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of drying techniques on drying kinetics, antioxidant capacity, structural, and thermal characteristics of germinated mung beans (Vigna radiata)
Authors: Sarjerao Lad Shailesh Kumar , Kashyap Piyush , Sharma Poorva 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of tray and vacuum drying on drying, bio‐functional, structural, and thermal characteristics of germinated mung beans. Eleven drying models were fitted to moisture ratio data. The drying time in vacuum drying was 21.05% lesser than the tray drying at 50°C. Results also indicate that modified Henderson and Pabis was the best‐fitted model for germinated mung beans drying. Vacuum drying also possesses higher total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and rehydration rate compared to tray drying. The FTIR and XRD spectra showed the conformational changes in dried germinated mung beans. Microscopy images illustrate that germination leads to disorientation of beans structure and more damage on vacuum dried beans showed high porosity in structure, which facilitates faster moisture transfer. Higher denaturation temperature and lesser enthalpy reflect the higher thermal stability of vacuum dried mung beans. Overall, vacuum drying is a promising drying method for germinated mung beans with higher functional and thermal characteristics and lesser structural damage. Germinated mung bean seeds are the treasure of bioactive compounds. However, the presence of microorganisms due to their high water activity makes them unacceptable for consumers. Drying is a traditional approach to increase the shelf‐life of food products. Hence, vacuum drying has been used to dry the germinated mung bean seeds with minimal quality loss. Therefore, this data can be useful for food processing industries to develop a high‐quality functional product.
Depth control in follicular unit excision: A new classification from a detailed analysis of 30 patients undergoing FUE technique for hair restoration
Authors: Boaventura Otávio , Stuque Cleber 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn follicular unit excision (FUE), the concept of depth control (DC) has been created to minimize the risk of hair follicle damage.AimTo analyze DC variation in different parts of the safe donor area of scalp; to propose Boaventura's new DC classification for hair restoration surgery using the FUE technique.Patients/MethodsThirty male patients underwent hair restoration surgery. The donor area was distributed into 14 zones, with the minimum depth required for at least three atraumatic extractions of the grafts. When the extraction was not successful, 0.5 mm was added until reaching three follicular units, determining the DC area.ResultsApproximately 2000 extractions were performed on each patient to determine DC. For some areas, greater depth (2.54 ± 0.10 mm) was necessary. Fifty‐eight percent of follicular units were extracted with 2.0 mm DC, and 3.8% required 3.5 mm DC. Thus, according to Boaventura's new classification for DC, grade I ≥ 2.00 mm, grade II from 2.1 to 3 mm, and grade III > 3.0 mm.ConclusionThere is variability in the DC of follicular units within the different areas of the safe donor zone. Moreover, we have proposed a new DC classification, which would represent a valuable estimation of surgery demand.
Effect of chronic mucus hypersecretion on treatment responses to inhaled therapies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Post hoc analysis of the IMPACT trial
Authors: Thompson Philip J. , Criner Gerard J. , Dransfield Mark T. , Halpin David M. G. , Han MeiLan K. , Lipson David A. , Maghzal Ghassan J. , Martinez Fernando J. , Midwinter Dawn , Singh Dave , Tombs Lee , Wise Robert A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveChronic mucus hypersecretion (CMH) is a clinical phenotype of COPD. This exploratory post hoc analysis assessed relationship between CMH status and treatment response in IMPACT.MethodsPatients were randomized to once‐daily fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) 100/62.5/25 μg, FF/VI 100/25 μg or UMEC/VI 62.5/25 μg and designated CMH+ if they scored 1/2 in St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) questions 1 and 2. Endpoints assessed by baseline CMH status included on‐treatment exacerbation rates, change from baseline in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second, SGRQ total score, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, proportion of SGRQ and CAT responders at Week 52 and safety.ResultsOf 10,355 patients in the intent‐to‐treat population, 10,250 reported baseline SGRQ data (CMH+: 62% [n = 6383]). FF/UMEC/VI significantly (p < 0.001) reduced on‐treatment moderate/severe exacerbation rates versus FF/VI and UMEC/VI in CMH+ (rate ratio: 0.87 and 0.72) and CMH− patients (0.82 and 0.80). FF/UMEC/VI significantly (p < 0.05) reduced on‐treatment severe exacerbation rates versus UMEC/VI in CMH+ (0.62) and CMH− (0.74) subgroups. Similar improvements in health status and lung function with FF/UMEC/VI were observed, regardless of CMH status. In CMH+ patients, FF/VI significantly (p < 0.001) reduced on‐treatment moderate/severe and severe exacerbation rates versus UMEC/VI (0.83 and 0.70).ConclusionFF/UMEC/VI had a favourable benefit: risk profile versus dual therapies irrespective of CMH status. The presence of CMH did not influence treatment response or exacerbations, lung function and/or health status. However, CMH did generate differences when dual therapies were compared and the impact of CMH should be considered in future trial design.
On the Design and Testing of an Origami Inspired Nasal Cover: Mitigating Aerosol Risks During Endoscopic Sinus Procedures
Authors: Heatherington Evan B. , Zhao Xiaoyue , Goyal Neerav , Ounaies Zoubeida , Frecker Mary 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aerosols generated during endoscopic sinus procedures present a concern to the health and safety of healthcare personnel, especially with the presence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The purpose of this study is to describe the design and testing of a nasal cover to restrict aerosolized pathogens. The nasal cover was designed to sit overtop the nose with conformal slits for insertion of endoscopic instrumentation. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was chosen as the nasal mask material and its composition, thickness, and slit geometry were selected using a Taguchi experimental design and survey with clinical collaborators at Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. The nasal cover was designed using principles of origami engineering to be manufactured flat and then folded into its operating state. Form and functionality were evaluated by surgeons, fellows, and residents in the aforementioned survey. Aerosol containment was evaluated by measuring smoke, representative of surgical aerosols, with an optical particle counter. A 25:1 composition PDMS with 3 mm thickness and vertical slit geometry was chosen for the nasal cover design. Survey results demonstrated that the origami cover sat well on the nose and did not significantly impact the surgical conditions with single instrumentation. On average, this nasal cover was found to restrict more than 93% of 0.3 μm aerosols, and more than 99% of all aerosols larger than 0.5 μm in size. The use of a patient worn nasal cover has the potential to drastically reduce the risk to hospital personnel during endonasal surgeries by reducing aerosol generation and potential pathogen spread.
Mapping the extent, range and nature of research activity on value-based healthcare in the 15 years following its introduction (2006–2021): a scoping review
Authors: Vijverberg Joanna R G , Daniels Kirsten , Steinmann Gijs , Garvelink Mirjam M , Rouppe van der Voort Marc B V , Biesma Douwe , Bos Willem Jan W , van Merode Frits , van der Nat Paul 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesWe aimed to systematically map the extent, range and nature of research activity on value-based healthcare (VBHC), and to identify research gaps.DesignA scoping review with an additional cited reference search was conducted, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.Data sourcesThe search was undertaken in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science.Eligibility criteriaEligible articles mentioned VBHC or value with reference to the work of Porter or provided a definition of VBHC or value.Data extraction and synthesisData were independently extracted using a data extraction form. Two independent reviewers double extracted data from 10% of the articles. Data of the remaining articles (90%) were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second. The strategic agenda of Porter and Lee was used to categorise the included articles.ResultsThe searches yielded a total of 27,931 articles, of which 1,242 were analysed. Most articles were published in North America. Most articles described an application of VBHC by measuring outcomes and costs (agenda item 2). The other agenda items were far less frequently described or implemented. Most of these articles were conceptual, meaning that nothing was actually changed or implemented.ConclusionThe number of publications increased steadily after the introduction of VBHC in 2006. Almost one-fifth of the articles could not be categorised in one of the items of the strategic agenda, which may lead to the conclusion that the current strategic agenda could be extended. In addition, a practical roadmap or guideline to implement VBHC is still lacking. Future research could fill this gap by specifically studying the effectiveness of VBHC in day-to-day clinical practice.
A tale of two fishes: depth preference of migrating Atlantic salmon smolt and predatory brown trout in a Norwegian lake
Authors: Nash A.J. , Vollset K.W. , Hanssen E.M. , Berhe S. , Salvanes A.G. , Isaksen T.E. , Barlaup B.T. , Lennox R.J. 
Published: August 2022

To understand the predator–prey interactions during this transitional migration, we tracked 22 Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) smolts and their most prevalent predator, brown trout ( Salmo trutta) ( N = 21), and recorded their depth use in a basin of Lake Evanger, Norway, with acoustic telemetry during May 2020. Both salmon smolts (mean ± SD: 3.8 ± 3.3 m) and trout (2.9 ± 1.7 m) were distributed relatively shallow in the lake despite depths in the area largely exceeding 30 m. Both species were deeper at midday and smolts tended to be deeper in the water earlier in the migration, overlapping less with trout early in May, but as daily daylight increased and water temperature warmed vertical distribution of smolts and trout increasingly overlapped. Based on depth traces from the tags, only seven were detected at the end of the lake and confirmed to make it through. Despite the behaviour of the salmon smolts mostly matching with predictions of the risk allocation hypothesis, it seems a large share of the tagged smolts succumbed to predation.
A new class of hybrid EoS with multiple critical endpoints for simulations of supernovae, neutron stars and their mergers
Authors: Ivanytskyi O. , Blaschke D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe introduce a family of equations of state (EoS) for hybrid neutron star (NS) matter that is obtained by a two-zone parabolic interpolation between a soft hadronic EoS at low densities and a stiff quark matter EoS with color superconductivity at high densities within a finite region of baryonic chemical potentials $$\mu _B^h< \mu _B < \mu _B^q$$

μ
B
h

<

μ
B

<

μ
B
q

. We consider two scenarios corresponding to a cross-over and a strong first-order transition between quark and hadron phases considered at finite and zero temperatures. This allows us to analyze the effects of finite entropy on the EoS and mass-radius relation of NS. We demonstrate that the formation of a color superconducting state of quark matter drives the evolution of matter in supernovae explosions under the condition of entropy conservation to higher temperatures than in the case of deconfinement to normal quark matter. Within the presented hybrid EoS scenario, regions of the QCD phase diagram may be accessible to supernovae and NS mergers that can be reached also in terrestrial experiments with relativistic heavy ion collisions.
Cardiovascular and Renal Implications of Myocardial Infarction in the ISCHEMIA-CKD Trial
Authors: Chaitman Bernard R. , Cyr Derek D. , Alexander Karen P. , Pracoń Radosław , Bainey Kevin R. , Mathew Anoop , Acharya Anjali , Kunichoff Dennis F. , Fleg Jerome L. , Lopes Renato D. , Sidhu Mandeep S. , Anthopolos Rebecca , Rockhold Frank W. , Stone Gregg W. , Maron David J. , Hochman Judith S. , Bangalore Sripal 
Published: August 2022

Background:
ISCHEMIA-CKD (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches—Chronic Kidney Disease) reported an initial invasive treatment strategy did not reduce the risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) compared with a conservative treatment strategy in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, stable coronary disease, and moderate or severe myocardial ischemia. The cumulative frequency of different MI type after randomization and subsequent prognosis have not been reported.

Methods:
MI classification was based on the Third Universal Definition for MI. For procedural MI, the primary MI definition used creatine kinase-MB as the preferred biomarker, whereas the secondary MI definition used cTn (cardiac troponin); both definitions included elevated biomarker-only events with higher thresholds than nonprocedural MIs. The cumulative frequency of MI type according to treatment strategy was determined. The association of MI with subsequent all-cause death and new dialysis initiation was assessed by treating MI as a time-dependent covariate.

Results:
The 3-year incidence of type 1 or 2 MI with the primary MI definition was 11.2% in invasive treatment strategy and 13.6% in conservative treatment strategy (hazard ratio [HR], 0.66 [95% CI, 0.42–1.02]). Procedural MIs were more frequent in invasive treatment strategy and accounted for 9.8% and 28.3% of all MIs with the primary and secondary MI definitions, respectively. Patients had an increased risk of all-cause death after type 1 MI (adjusted HR, 4.35 [95% CI, 2.73–6.93]) and after procedural MI with the primary (adjusted HR, 2.75 [95% CI, 0.99–7.60]) and secondary MI definitions (adjusted HR, 2.91 [95% CI, 1.73–4.88]). Dialysis initiation was increased after a type 1 MI (HR, 6.45 [95% CI, 2.59–16.08]) compared with patients without an MI.

Conclusions:
In ISCHEMIA-CKD, the invasive treatment strategy had higher rates of procedural MIs, particularly with the secondary MI definition, and lower rates of type 1 and 2 MIs. Procedural MIs, type 1 MIs, and type 2 MIs were associated with increased risk of subsequent death. Type 1 MI increased the risk of dialysis initiation.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01985360.
Association of multi-morbidity, social participation, functional and mental health with the self-rated health of middle-aged and older adults in India: a study based on LASI wave-1
Authors: Rana Gursimran Singh , Shukla Anandi , Mustafa Akif , Bramhankar Mahadev , Rai Balram , Pandey Mohit , Mishra Nand Lal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSelf-rated health (SRH) is a well-established measure in public health to administer the general health of an individual. It can also be used to assess overall health status’ relationship with the social, physical, and mental health of a person. In this study, we examine the association of SRH and various socio-economic & health-related factors such as multi-morbidity status, mental health, functional health, and social participation. Data used in this paper is collated from the first wave of Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) 2017-18. A total of 65,562 older adults aged 45 or above are considered in our study. Various indices (multimorbidity, social participation, functional and mental health) have been created to measure factors influencing the SRH of an individual. Overall, in the study population, around 18.4% of people reported poor SRH. Dominance Analysis results show that the contribution of multimorbidity in predicting poor SRH is highest, followed by functional health, mental health, and social participation. In a developing country like India, there is a dire need for policies having a holistic approach regarding the health and well-being of the older population.
Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Lin Cong , Jiang Zhixing , Cao Ling , Zou Hejian , Zhu Xiaoxia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease with high mortality, which is featured by inflammation, vascular damage, and aggressive fibrosis. To date, the pathogenesis of SSc remains unclear and effective treatments are still under research. Active NLRP3 recruits downstream proteins such as ASC and caspase-1 and assembles into inflammasome, resulting in excretion of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and IL-18, as well as in pyroptosis mediated by gasdermin D. Various studies demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome might be involved in the mechanism of tenosynovitis, arthritis, fibrosis, and vascular damage. The pathophysiological changes might be due to the activation of proinflammatory Th2 cells, profibrotic M2 macrophages, B cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Here, we review the studies focused on NLRP3 inflammasome activation, its association with innate and adaptive immune cells, endothelium injury, and differentiation of fibroblasts in SSc. Furthermore, we summarize the prospect of therapy targeting NLRP3 pathway.
Parents’ perceptions on policies of early childhood care and education programmes in selected states of Malaysia
Authors: Tang Dandan , Peng Chew Fong , Abdul Rahman MohdNazri , Dhamotharan Mogana 
Published: August 2022

Background: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development proposed global equitable quality education and lifelong learning opportunities for all children. The quality of early childhood care and education (ECCE) programs helps shape children’s minds, attitudes and behaviors, and has short and long-term effects on a child, a family and a country. In Malaysia, the government has formulated some policies and laws to protect children’s rights. However, ECCE is facing some challenges. The purpose of this study is to investigate parents’ perceptions of the quality of ECCE programs implemented by Malaysian government. Methods: A mixed method was used to collect data on parents’ perceptions of ECCE policies in selected states in Malaysia. The questionnaires, (P1/POL) from the research project “Development of a Comprehensive and Integrated Model of Quality Malaysian ECCE”, were distributed among 629 respondents who have a child in a preschool, and 22 participants were randomly selected to take part in five focus group interviews Results: The key findings of the study revealed 68% parents were not familiar with ECCE Malaysian government policy, however 84.3% stressed it is important for the government to educate them about ECCE. Thus findings indicated that the majority of parents lack awareness of the ECCE policies and quality of early childhood care and education programs related to the policies remain the issue. While interviewing the focus group ,most of them were not aware of ECCE and pointed out parents are stressing children’s academic learning in particular preschools. Conclusions: It is concluded that parents’ awareness regarding the ECCE program must be part of the policies and needs to improve. It is recommended that the government of Malaysia should supply more information on ECCE policies to parents and focus on policy implementation. Moreover, the quality of ECCE programs should be improved based on the parents’ perceptions.
Wir schaffen das!
Authors: Koch Wolfram 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This is my first Editorial for Chemistry International as newly elected Treasurer of the Union. I feel very honored and proud that you have given me this mandate to serve the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and am grateful for your trust. When I was first asked to write this column, back in early February of this year, I planned to elaborate primarily on IUPAC’s financial situation, the effects of the pandemic and the way to a new normal. But then the unthinkable happened when Russia attacked Ukraine on 24 February. Since then we have experienced a terrible and inhumane war in the middle of Europe and thousands innocent people have lost their lives, are fleeing their country, and suffering terribly.
TSAW—a lifelong challenge or simply an unsolved mystery?
Authors: Prohaska Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The table of standard atomic weights (TSAW) provides of the numbers included in all reprints of the periodic tables of the elements, in all textbooks in schools, high schools and universities, found on the internet, and numerous databases [1]. Whenever one needs to relate masses of an element to molar quantities, standard atomic weights come into the play. They are of fundamental importance in science, education, technology, industries, trade and commerce. It is therefore not surprising that the determination of atomic weights has a central role in chemistry. Also, it is not surprising that it needs a whole commission of experts to set-up such table with highest confidence even though at first sight it seems to be a simple compilation of numbers. That commission of experts is the Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (referred to as the Commission in the text). (For more information about the Commission visit ciaaw.org).
Microencapsulation of oregano essential oil by spray-drying using maltodextrin: gum arabic blends
Authors: Rojas-Molina J.O. , García M.A. , Pino J.A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effect of processing parameters on microencapsulation of oregano essential with maltodextrin:gum arabic using a disk atomiser spray-dryer was evaluated. By means of response surface methodology, the feed flow rate and inlet air temperature were optimised. Powder yield, moisture content, essential oil retention, and antioxidant activity of microparticles were evaluated. The best conditions to produce microencapsulated oregano essential oil were 0.6 L h−1 for feed flow rate and 200 °C for inlet air temperature. With this combination a microencapsulated powder with 89.8% powder yield, 2.1% moisture content, 92.1% essential oil retention, 76 s solubilisation time, 12.9 g of water/100 g of dry matter, 0.3371 g mL−1 bulk density, 0.5826 g mL−1 tapped density, and 8.2 μm of average particle size was produced. The microencapsulation of oregano essential oil preserves the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of its bioactive compounds.
White rot fungus Calocybe indica: Incredulous factory of lignocellulolytic enzymes and their potential applicability for mushroom cultivation
Authors: Kaur M. , Sharma S. , Sodhi H.S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cultivation of specialty mushrooms on lignocellulosic wastes represents one of the most economical organic recycling processes. Compared with other cultivated mushrooms, very little is known about the nature of the lignocellulolytic enzymes produced by the edible fungus Calocybe indica, its enzymatic activity profiles during submerged and solid state fermentation. The intracellular activity of laccase (7.67 U mg−1), manganese peroxidase (7.48 U mg−1), cellobiohydrolase (5.46 U mg−1), and endoxylanase (4.21 U mg−1) was best obtained in C. indica on 14th and 21st day of incubation. The extracellular activity of laccase (11.57 U mL−1), lignin peroxidase (8.45 U mL−1), and endoxylanases (6.22 U mL−1) were found to be highest on the 14th day. Ligninolytic enzyme activity was substantial during substrate colonisation but quickly dropped during fruiting body development. C. indica, on the other hand, showed relatively modest hydrolase activity during substrate colonisation. The activity of hydrolytic enzymes increased dramatically when primordia formed and peaked at the mature fruiting body stage. The yield of the crude enzyme-treated wheat straw utilised for mushroom production was 52.47%. These findings showed that the activities of lignocellulolytic enzymes were regulated in line with developmental phase of growth of C. indica.