bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catastrophizing as a prognostic factor for pain and physical function in the multidisciplinary rehabilitation of fibromyalgia and low back pain
Authors: Angst Felix , Lehmann Susanne , Sandor Peter S. , Benz Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative data on longitudinal associations between catastrophizing and pain or physical function are patchy. The study aimed to quantify the prognostic value of catastrophizing for pain and function in fibromyalgia and low back pain before and after rehabilitation.MethodsThe associations of state and change on the Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI) Pain severity scale, the Short Form 36 (SF‐36) Physical functioning scale and the Six‐Minute Walking Distance (6MWD) with the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) Catastrophizing scale were quantified by multiple regression modelling to adjust for confounders.ResultsSex‐ and age‐matched cohorts (n = 71 each) were compared. Pain and catastrophizing were worse in fibromyalgia than in low back pain, whereas the function levels were comparable. Baseline catastrophizing predicted pain change by adjusted correlations of 0.552 (fibromyalgia) and 0.450 (low back pain), self‐rated function by 0.403 and 0.308, and the 6MWD by 0.270 and − 0.072. The change in catastrophizing was associated to the change in pain by 0.440 (fibromyalgia) and 0.614 (low back pain), self‐rated function by 0.122 and 0.465, and the 6MWD by 0186 and 0.162.ConclusionsCatastrophizing (pain‐related worrying) was a potential prognostic factor, especially for pain and somewhat less for self‐rated physical function but it was only weakly predictive for the walking distance in both conditions, independently of potential confounders, such as sex, age, baseline severity and others. Reduction of maladaptive coping should be integrated into the management of chronic pain.SignificanceOur study showed surprisingly high associations between state and change in catastrophizing to pain relief and functional improvement in chronic pain patients. This is supported by clinical experience and research data, even if the construct and measurement of catastrophizing is under debate. Our findings and those of literature point to more pessimistic self‐rating of pain and catastrophizing in fibromyalgia when compared to other conditions. This might obscure positive effects on pain and function achieved by adaptive coping in fibromyalgia.
Stability analysis of real time hybrid simulation under coupled actuator delay and nonlinear behavior
Authors: Huang Liang , Chen Cheng , Pu Yifan , Wang Jingfeng , Guo Tong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStability of real time hybrid simulation (RTHS) has attracted considerable attention since actuator delay would deviate experiment results or even destabilize the real‐time test. Previous studies have extensively investigated stability of RTHS for linear systems, while stability of RTHS for nonlinear system remains unclear. This study introduces the Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) method to describe the nonlinear behavior in a piecewise linear way, then investigates the stability of nonlinear system with time delay through the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii (L‐K) theory. Such approach successfully solves the stability problem of RTHS with coupled bilinear‐hysteresis substructure and actuator delay, and proposes a stability criterion in the form of linear matrix inequality (LMI). It proves that the stability of RTHS is determined by the most unfavorable state of nonlinear system. In the SDOF case with stiffness softening, the initial elastic state is the most unfavorable; while for the MDOF case with multiple delays, the stability is determined by the overlap part of stable region of each nonlinear state. The computational simulation and experimental results show that the difference between linear‐ and nonlinear hysteretic system with time delay is that when instability occurs, latter could remain energy balanced since the time‐delay energy is dissipated by hysteresis behavior, while energy accumulates in the former leading to unbounded responses. The proposed approach provides a potential tool for experimental design of RTHS before the test, the time‐delay control during the test and error evaluation after the test.
Aqueous phase reforming of xylose using bimetallic Pt3‐Rex/SiO2 catalysts for H2 production: Experimental and computational study
Authors: Lee Chan Hyun , Kim Min Kyeong , Kim Seung‐hoon , Choi Seong Wan , Kim Hyun Wook , Jae Jungho , Sohn Hyuntae , Choi Sun Hee , Yoon Sung Pil , Lee Ki Bong , Ham Hyung Chul 
Published: May 2022

SummaryIn recent years, the aqueous phase reforming (APR) reaction using heterogeneous catalysts has been highlighted as one of possible approaches for converting nonedible biomass into hydrogen for fuel cell application. In this study, we have synthesized the rhenium (Re)‐doped Pt/SiO2 (Pt3Rex/SiO2) (based on weight; x = 1, 3, 5) catalysts for enhancing the APR of organic liquid C5 sugar xylose. Our study showed that the activity of bimetallic Pt‐Re catalysts toward the APR of xylose strongly depends on the level of Re dopant. In particular, the Pt3‐Re1/SiO2 catalyst exhibited the higher H2 selectivity compared to the catalysts having the higher amount of Re dopant (Pt3‐Re2/SiO2 and Pt3‐Re3/SiO2). Furthermore, the oxygen state of ReOx could be modified by changing reduction temperature. The measured hydrogen selectivity and reaction rate could be enhanced when the catalyst was reduced at higher temperature. Especially, the Pt3‐Re1/SiO2 catalyst reduced at 500°C under 10 vol% H2 flow exhibited high catalytic performances close to the theoretical values in the initial stage of the reaction, but its activity was gradually reduced by re‐oxidation of ReOx. From the various analysis results, we can figure out that the presence of metallic state Pt and Re in Pt3Re alloy phase and low oxidation state Re (Re3+) element is responsible for the improved H2 selectivity in Pt3‐Re1/SiO2 catalyst reduced at 500°C. In addition, the density functional theory calculation also predicted that the surface exposure of Pt and Re atoms (rather than oxidized ReOx) can boost the first dehydrogenation of xylose, which is in a good agreement with the experimental observation. This study can provide the optimal oxidation level of Re and Pt in the bimetallic Pt‐Re catalyst to efficiently obtain hydrogen from xylose via APR reaction.
It's Beginning to Look a Lot like #25DaysofFishmas: Communicating Freshwater Biodiversity Using Social Media
Authors: O'Reilly Katherine E 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As audiences increasingly turn to social media platforms for information about the environment, scientists can use a variety of techniques to engage with the public in meaningful and productive dialogues about “wicked” ecological problems such as the loss of global freshwater biodiversity. Using #25DaysofFishmas, an annual Twitter campaign that I created to highlight fish diversity in the Laurentian Great Lakes, I examined the relationship between tweet attributes and the number of audience impressions (i.e., views) and engagements (i.e., interactions such as retweets and likes). I hypothesized that audiences would be more likely to engage with tweets about familiar species such as those considered “sportfish.” However, the species that received the highest total impressions and engagements included nongame species like Silver Lamprey Ichthyomyzon unicuspis and Bowfin Amia calva. Using generalized linear mixed effects models, I found that the use of images consistently explained the number of impressions and engagements a tweet received, with other explanatory variables including the use of hashtags and timing of posts. This analysis illustrates how scientists can use social media not only as a megaphone to broadcast research, but as an interactive platform to directly engage broader audiences and foster appreciation for regional and global fish biodiversity.
Honey, I shrunk the extracellular space: Measurements and mechanisms of astrocyte swelling
Authors: Walch Erin , Fiacco Todd A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAstrocyte volume fluctuation is a physiological phenomenon tied closely to the activation of neural circuits. Identification of underlying mechanisms has been challenging due in part to use of a wide range of experimental approaches that vary between research groups. Here, we first review the many methods that have been used to measure astrocyte volume changes directly or indirectly. While the field has recently shifted towards volume analysis using fluorescence microscopy to record cell volume changes directly, established metrics corresponding to extracellular space dynamics have also yielded valuable insights. We then turn to analysis of mechanisms of astrocyte swelling derived from many studies, with a focus on volume changes tied to increases in extracellular potassium concentration ([K+]o). The diverse methods that have been utilized to generate the external [K+]o environment highlight multiple scenarios of astrocyte swelling mediated by different mechanisms. Classical potassium buffering theories are tempered by many recent studies that point to different swelling pathways optimized at particular [K+]o and that depend on local/transient versus more sustained increases in [K+]o.
Overcoming resistance to anti‐CD19 CAR T‐cell therapy in B‐cell malignancies
Authors: Yang Xingcheng , Wei Jia , Zhou Jianfeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy has rapidly changed current treatment pattern, providing a better option for individuals with primary refractory or relapsed B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r B‐NHL) and B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (r/r B‐ALL). However, despite the outstanding efficacy, a high relapse rate is still found in some B‐cell malignancies after anti‐CD19 CAR T‐cell therapy, which emerges as a main barrier for improving the overall response and long‐term outcomes. Understanding the resistance mechanism is crucial to improve current CAR T products, better incorporate them into the current therapy system and develop novel CAR approaches. Herein, we discuss the latest advances in understanding the mechanisms limiting efficacy of CAR T‐cell therapy, resulting in CD19 negative (CD19−) and CD19 positive (CD19+) relapses. We also provide a whole scenario of current potential strategies to overcome these barriers.
Chemical reaction on hydromagnetic natural convective flow over an unlimited perpendicular permeable plate
Authors: Gopal Ch. H. K. , Sudhakar M. , Masthan Rao S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we have explored the hydromagnetic free convective flow over an unlimited perpendicular porous plate in the presence of temperature resources. The prevailing equations are subsequently solved systematically by utilizing the perturbation methodology. The velocity, temperature as well as concentration sketches are shown in graphical profiles. The impacts in the flow area for dissimilar leading parameters have been explored. Also, the skin frictions, the Nusselt quantity along with the Sherwood quantity are computed with different parameters and mentioned in the tables. The velocity diminishes with an escalation in the chemically reacting parameter as well as improves with an increment in the temperature resource parameter. The temperature field reduces with an augment in the Prandtl number. The concentration field is enhanced by amplifying in the chemically reacting variable, whereas it lessens with amplifying in the Schmidt number.
Long‐termstream hydrology and meteorology of a Polar Desert, theMcMurdoDry Valleys, Antarctica
Authors: Gooseff Michael N. , McKnight Diane M. , Doran Peter T. , Fountain Andrew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs; 77.50°S, 162.25°E) make up the largest ice‐free region of Antarctica at ~3500 km2. Their position near the coast of the Ross Sea provides for a milder climate than much of the rest of the continent. Alpine and piedmont glaciers in the MDVs melt during the austral summer providing water to down gradient streams and terminal lakes on valley floors. There are currently 14 meteorological stations and 17 stream gauges operating across the MDVs, some with continuous records that go back to 1969. This relatively high density of monitoring stations reflects the fact that glaciers of different sizes and elevation ranges are the main source of water to streams. Thus, each glacier represents a different watershed. The bulk of these records start in the late 1980s/early 1990s. These data collection activities directly support research endeavours of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research project, as well as a host of other science groups working in the MDVs. As such, both real time data and archived data from these sites is available through the online database interface of the project (http://mcmlter.org).
From zero to thrive: A model of cross‐system and cross‐sector relational health to promote early childhood development across the child‐serving ecosystem
Authors: Miller Alison L. , Stein Sara F. , Sokol Rebeccah , Varisco Rachel , Trout Phoebe , Julian Megan M. , Ribaudo Julie , Kay Joshua , Pilkauskas Natasha V. , Gardner‐Neblett Nicole , Herrenkohl Todd I. , Zivin Kara , Muzik Maria , Rosenblum Katherine L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEarly relational health between caregivers and children is foundational for child health and well‐being. Children and caregivers are also embedded within multiple systems and sectors, or a “child‐serving ecosystem”, that shapes child development. Although the COVID‐19 pandemic has made this embeddedness abundantly clear, systems remain siloed and lack coordination. Fostering relational health amongst layers of this ecosystem may be a way to systematically support young children and families who are facing adversity. We integrate theory, examples, and empirical findings to develop a conceptual model informed by infant mental health and public health frameworks that illustrates how relational health across the child‐serving ecosystem may promote child health and well‐being at a population level. Our model articulates what relational health looks like across levels of this ecosystem from primary caregiver‐child relationships, to secondary relationships between caregivers and child‐serving systems, to tertiary relationships among systems that shape child outcomes directly and indirectly. We posit that positive relational health across levels is critical for promoting child health and well‐being broadly. We provide examples of evidence‐based approaches that address primary, secondary, and tertiary relational health, and suggest ways to promote relational health through cross‐sector training and psychoeducation in the science of early development. This model conceptualizes relational health across the child‐serving ecosystem and can serve as a template for promoting child health and well‐being in the context of adversity.
Never ready: Addictions counselors dealing with client death
Authors: Sperandio Katharine R. , Goshorn Jeremy R. , Moh Yoon Suh , Gonzalez Edith , Johnson Nicole G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study explored the experiences of addictions counselors who have undergone client death and the immediate and long‐lasting impacts of client death on addictions counselors through the consensual qualitative research (CQR) method. We conducted semistructured interviews with 10 participants exploring their lived, in‐depth, experiences in working with clients with addictive disorders with focus given to the death of clients and how they responded to the experience. Results from a data analysis process using the CQR method indicate eight domains: (a) professional ethics, (b) coping skills, (c) client care, (d) preparation for profession, (e) experience of addiction, (f) agency impact, (g) exploring the death experience, (h) recommendations, and 28 categories embedded in each of these domains. Implications for counselor education, training, and practice are discussed.
A sensitive electrochemical DNA sensor based on reduced graphene oxide modified electrode
Authors: Xu Binxiang , Hu Yuping , Shu Qingxia , Wang Mei , Chen Zhiyang , Wei Wei , Wen Jinmei , Li Rui , Liao Fusheng , Cheng Lin , Fan Hao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, an electrochemical sensing platform, analogous to a DNA walker, was explored with exonuclease III (EXO III) as a driving force, tetraferrocene as a signal marker, and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) electrode as two‐dimensional (2D) orbit to realize ultrasensitive detection of target DNA. We designed a single hairpin DNA probe with 3′‐end modified tetraferrocene, immobilized on the electrode surface by π‐π stacking between the 5′ terminus and reduced graphene oxide. In addition, EXO III digested the double‐stranded DNA with a blunt 3′ terminus formed by the target DNA and the probe DNA, thus degrading the 3′ end of probe DNA, and resulting in the away movement of tetraferrocene from the electrode surface, decreasing the electrochemical signal. The proposed electrochemical sensor was very simple and stable with acceptable reproducibility, excellent DNA detection performance, and a detection limit as low as 0.3 pM.
Automated Measurement of Pancreatic Fat Deposition on Dixon MRI Using nnU‐Net
Authors: Lin Dingyi , Wang Ziyan , Li Hong , Zhang Hongxi , Deng Liping , Ren Hong , Sun Shuiya , Zheng Fenping , Zhou Jiaqiang , Wang Min 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPancreatic fat accumulation may cause or aggravate the process of acute pancreatitis, β‐cell dysfunction, T2DM disease, and even be associated with pancreatic tumors. The pathophysiology of fatty pancreas remains overlooked and lacks effective imaging diagnostics.PurposeTo automatically measure the distribution of pancreatic fat deposition on Dixon MRI in multicenter/population datasets using nnU‐Net models.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 176 obese/nonobese subjects (90 males, 86 females; mean age, 27.2 ± 19.7) were enrolled, including a training set (N = 132) and a testing set (N = 44).Field Strength/SequenceA 3 T and 1.5 T/gradient echo T1 dual‐echo Dixon.AssessmentThe segmentation results of four types of nnU‐Net models were compared using dice similarity coefficient (DSC), positive predicted value (PPV), and sensitivity. The ground truth was the manual delineation by two radiologists according to in‐phase (IP) and opposed‐phase (OP) images.Statistical TestsThe group difference of segmentation results of four models were assessed by the Kruskal–Wallis H test with Dunn–Bonferroni comparisons. The interobserver agreement of pancreatic fat fraction measurements across three observers and test–retest reliability of human and machine were assessed by intragroup correlation coefficient (ICC). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe three‐dimensional (3D) dual‐contrast model had significantly improved performance than 2D dual‐contrast (DSC/sensitivity) and 3D one‐contrast (IP) models (DSC/PPV/sensitivity) and had less errors than 3D one‐contrast (OP) model according to higher DSC and PPV (not significant), with a mean DSC of 0.9158, PPV of 0.9105 and sensitivity of 0.9232 in the testing set. The test–retest ICC of this model was above 0.900 in all pancreatic regions, exceeded human.Data Conclusion3D Dual‐contrast nnU‐Net aided segmentation of pancreas on Dixon images appears to be adaptable to multicenter/population datasets. It fully automates the assessment of pancreatic fat distribution and has high reliability.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 3
Pasteurization induced protein interaction decreased the potential allergenicity of ovalbumin and ovomucoid in egg white
Authors: Shi Qiang , Wang Wujing , Wu Yong , Chen Hongbing , Tong Ping , Gao Jinyan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDApproximately 9.9% of young children in China suffer from egg allergies. Ovalbumin (OVA) and ovomucoid (OVM) are both the main allergens with higher allergenicity in egg white. The previous studies mainly focused on the effects of pasteurization on the structure and allergenicity of the isolated protein itself. The effects of the interaction between OVA and OVM on their spatial structure and allergenicity under pasteurization are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, the spectroscopic, immunological, and cytological methods were used to investigate the effects on OVA and OVM by their interactions which were induced by the following pasteurization, heating for 10 min at 60, 65, and 70 °C, respectively.RESULTSResults indicated that OVA and OVM could form macromolecular aggregates by their interaction at 70 °C, and their solubility was decreased while turbidity was increased. The spatial structures of OVA and OVM were both changed by their interaction, when pasteurization temperature was at 70 °C the exposure of their hydrophobic groups and α‐helix content were decreased while their β‐sheet was increased. The potential allergenicity of OVA and OVM was also changed, which showed that the immunoglobulin G (IgG)‐binding ability of OVA and OVM could be increased, and their IgE‐binding ability was decreased a bit. The releases of interleukin 4 (IL‐4), IL‐6, β‐HEX, histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) from OVA–OVM‐induced KU812 cells were all decreased at 70 °C.CONCLUSIONTherefore, according to the results, if the liquid egg products were pasteurized for 10 min, the temperature of 70 °C should be carefully considered. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Standard homogeneous (α1,α2)${\big(\alpha _1,\alpha _2\big)}$‐metrics and geodesic orbit property
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xu Ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the notion of standard homogeneous ‐metric, as a generalization for the normal homogeneity in Finsler geometry with relatively good computability. We explore the geodesic orbit (g.o. in short) property of this metric. Especially, when it is associated with a triple of compact Lie groups, we find new examples of g.o. Finsler spaces from H. Tamaru's classification list. Meanwhile, we prove that all standard g.o. ‐metrics on the Wallach spaces, , and , must be the normal homogeneous Riemannian metrics.
Closing the Carbon Loop in the Circular Plastics Economy
Authors: Schirmeister Carl G. , Mülhaupt Rolf 
Published: May 2022

AbstractToday, plastics are ubiquitous in everyday life, problem solvers of modern technologies, and crucial for sustainable development. Yet the surge in global demand for plastics of the growing world population has triggered a tidal wave of plastic debris in the environment. Moving from a linear to a zero‐waste and carbon‐neutral circular plastic economy is vital for the future of the planet. Taming the plastic waste flood requires closing the carbon loop through plastic reuse, mechanical and molecular recycling, carbon capture, and use of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. In the quest for eco‐friendly products, plastics do not need to be reinvented but tuned for reuse and recycling. Their full potential must be exploited regarding energy, resource, and eco‐efficiency, waste prevention, circular economy, climate change mitigation, and lowering environmental pollution. Biodegradation holds promise for composting and bio‐feedstock recovery, but it is neither the Holy Grail of circular plastics economy nor a panacea for plastic littering. As an alternative to mechanical downcycling, molecular recycling enables both closed‐loop recovery of virgin plastics and open‐loop valorization, producing hydrogen, fuels, refinery feeds, lubricants, chemicals, and carbonaceous materials. Closing the carbon loop does not create a Perpetuum Mobile and requires renewable energy to achieve sustainability.