bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of DNA repair gene ERCC1 affecting breast cancer metastasis through NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Li Xiabin , Yang Yongxin , Wu Bin , Zheng Haishan , Hao Liyue , Wang Tianxiong , Tao Zhonghua , Tang Yan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To explore the role of DNA repair gene ERCC1 in breast cancer metastasis and its signaling pathway.Through prospective cohort studies and cell tests, Western Blot and IHC were used to detect the expression of DNA repair gene ERCC1 and NF-κB signaling pathways related proteins, scratch test and Transwell to detect the ability of migration and invasion. To explore the mechanism of ERCC1 affecting breast cancer metastasis. Population results: There was no significant difference in clinicopathological features between the two groups (P > 0.05). ERCC1 has a positive correlation with breast cancer metastasis(r = 0.543, P < 0.05). And the metastasis-free survival rate of ERCC1 low expression group was higher than that of high expression group(Χ2 = 17.571, P < 0.05). The expression level of p65,p50,TNFα,IKKβ in ERCC1 low expression group was significantly lower than that in ERCC1 high expression group(P < 0.05), IκBα was significantly higher than ERCC1 high expression group(P < 0.05). The analysis of Spearman correlation method shows that ERCC1 expression is positively correlated with the IKKβ(r = 0.481, P < 0.05), IKKβ and IκBα were negatively correlated(r = -0.203, P < 0.05), IκBα and p50 were negatively correlated(r = -0.275, P < 0.05), p50 and p65 were positively correlated(r = 0.386, P < 0.05), positive correlation between p65 and TNFα(r = 0.476, P < 0.05), TNFα is positively associated with breast cancer metastasis(r = 0.281, P < 0.05). Cell tests:At 24 hours, the migration distance of the MCF-7-ERCC1 knockdown group was less than that of the negative control group(P < 0.05). At 48 hours, the migration distance of MCF-7-ERCC1 knockdown group was less than that of blank control group and negative control group(P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group and the negative control group, the number of cell invasion in the MCF-7-ERCC1 knockdown group decreased significantly (P < 0.001). Compared with the blank control group, the number of cell invasion decreased in the negative control group(P < 0.05). The protein level of p65, p50, TNFα, IKKβ in ERCC1 knockdown group was significantly lower than that in blank control group and negative control group(P < 0.05), IκBα protein levels were significantly higher than those of the blank and negative control groups(P < 0.05). DNA repair gene ERCC1 may affect breast cancer metastasis by regulating NF-κB signaling pathways.
A cross-sectional survey about characteristics of sexual behavior in blind males
Authors: Huang Shaoming , Zhu Shenghuang , Liu Renfu , Xiong Chuanchuan , Liu Lixin , Li Shuangshuang , Liu Shihan , Shu Yuan , Qian Biao , Huang Jiaguo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: To improve the quality of sexual life of blind males. Methods: A total of 54 blind males were conducted a face-to-face interview survey and questionnaire by the trained investigators to investigate access to sexual knowledge, understanding of the sexual partners' beauty and sexual arousal in blind males and analyze the factors affecting them. Results: The sound of mobile phones accounted for 51.9% of access to sexual knowledge, peer communication for 48.1%, the sound of television for 35.2%, and radio for 27.8%. The gentle and pleasant voice (64.8%) was most frequent on understanding of the sexual partners' beauty, followed by sexy and stylish figure (55.5%), fine and smooth skin (51.9%) and attractive body fragrance (18.5%). The results on the stimulation of sexual arousal showed that touching sexy and stylish figure for 53.7%, touching delicate and smooth skin for 44.4%, hearing gentle and pleasant sounds accounted for 40.7%, and pleasant mood for 22.2%. Conclusion: The stimulation of sexual arousal in blind males is mainly reflected in sound and touch, and pleasant mood also has a certain impact. And the understanding of the sexual partners' beauty mainly includes hearing, touch and smell. Blind males lack formal and systematic sex education in Ganzhou.
Effectiveness of multi-loop traction device for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in trainees: a pilot study
Authors: Jinushi Ryuhei , Tashima Tomoaki , Terada Rie , Miyaguchi Kazuya , Katsuda Hiromune , Ogawa Tomoya , Nakano Yuya , Saito Yoichi , Fujita Akashi , Tanisaka Yuki , Mizuide Masafumi , Mashimo Yumi , Kawasaki Tomonori , Ryozawa Shomei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a difficult procedure, and its introduction in trainees have been debated. Although the criteria for starting colorectal ESD vary among institutions, it is often initiated after gaining experience in animal and upper gastrointestinal ESD. This pilot study aimed to compare the treatment outcomes of the trainees using the multi-loop traction device (MLTD group) and the experts’ conventional-ESD (control group), and determine whether MLTD can be used for safe introduction of colorectal ESD in trainees. We included 26 colorectal ESD patients (13 in the MLTD group and 13 in the control group) treated at our hospital from October to December 2021 in the analysis. There were no significant differences in procedure time (50 min vs. 30 min), dissection speed (19.9 mm2/min vs. 28.7 mm2/min,), and intraoperative perforation (0 % vs. 0 %) between the two groups. Furthermore, the proportion of ESD self-completion in the MLTD group was 100%. Thus, MLTD was used for safe introduction of colorectal ESD even among endoscopists with no experience in colorectal ESD. Subsequently, MLTD may replace animal and upper gastrointestinal ESD in the introduction of colorectal ESD in trainees. Further studies using larger sample sizes need to be conducted.
Towards a Carbon-Neutral Environment, the Role of Biomass Energy Consumption and Trade Openness in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Spatial Econometric Analysis
Authors: Kenne Emmanuel Sogbou , Zhang Cheng , Gan Weihua , Abban Olivier , Owusu Emmanuel , Hu Shangui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Energy consumption is known as the catalyst for economic growth, however, the association of CO2 emissions with energy consumption has prompted policymakers to pursue types of energy that ensure sustainable development. This paper analyses the spillover effect of CO2 emissions and the marginal effect of Biomass energy consumption on CO2 emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa by applying the extended Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) model together with the spatial econometric models. The likelihood ratio test and Wald test indicated that the Spatial Durbin Model was the most suitable model to explain the elasticities of the exogenous variables. Furthermore, the Hausman test performed revealed that the fixed-effects model was more adept than the random-effects model. The findings suggested that increasing biomass energy consumption in a local country turns to reduce the country’s own CO2 emissions and also reduces the CO2 emissions of its adjacent countries by 0.089% and 0.022% respectively. Whereas an increment in trade openness in a country pollutes its environment and that of its neighboring states by 0.163% and 0.035% respectively. Comparing the indirect effect of the employed exogenous variables, foreign direct investment exerted a heavier weight impact than the others. Overall the study spotlighted some policies suggestions for the Sub-Saharan Africa states’ energy market in the cause of controlling the emissions of CO2.
The contribution of atmospheric deposition to cadmium and lead accumulation in rice grains
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Xu Zhangqian , Peng Jianwei , Fei Jiangchi , Yu Pengyue , Wang Maodi , Tan Yifan , Huang Ying , Zhran Mostafa , Fahmy Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose Over-accumulation of cadmium and lead in rice grain is a global concern as it has adverse health impacts. Atmospheric deposition is an important source of heavy metal accumulation in soil, but contribution to crops has not been quantified and the mechanisms of foliar Cd and Pb uptake via the stomata of rice leaves exposed to atmospheric fallout are unclear. Methods To quantify the contribution of atmospheric deposition on Cd and Pb accumulation in rice grains, a rice pot experiment with three exposure treatments (T1, all day exposure without geotextile membranes; T2, all day exposure with geotextile membranes; T3, daytime exposure with geotextile membranes; and T4, night exposure with geotextile membranes) using severely (ZZ) and moderately (XT) polluted soils was conducted. Results Cd content in shoots and roots was T1 > T2, T3 > T4 in XT soils, and T1 > T2, T4 > T3 in ZZ soils, while Pb content in both soils was T1 > T2, and T4 > T3. Cd and Pb contents in rice grains showed the same trend. Using the tracer of isotope tracer ratios (114/111Cd, 112/111Cd, and 207/206Pb, 208/206Pb) the contribution of atmospheric deposition to rice grains was quantified as 63.55% and 18.01% for Cd, and 27.69% and 41.13% for Pb in XT and ZZ soils, respectively. Conclusions Foliar uptake atmospheric deposition had substantial effect on Cd and Pb accumulation in rice grains and the control of heavy metal foliar uptake should be paid more attention in to maintain rice safety production.
The Interaction of Pedobiodiversity with Biotic and Abiotic Environment in Floodplain Forests of Serbia
Authors: Horák Jakub , Markovic Cedomir , Dobrosavljevic Jovan , Rada Patrik , Mladenovic Strahinja , Kohutka Alexander , Peltanová Alena , Pech Pavel , Drabek Ondrej , Tejnecky Vaclav 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Biological Validation of the Free Software RhizoVision Explorer to Determine Root Parameters in Horticultural Crops
Authors: Perez Guillermo Ignacio , Stoffel María Micaela , Baroni Claudio Javier , Maina María Eugenia , Daurelio Lucas Damián , Muñoz Fernando Felipe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aims
The objectives of this work were to compare the degree of fit between WinRhizo (WR) and RhizoVision Explorer (RVE), and validated the utility of RVE in biological assays.
Methods
Seedlings of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Grand rapid), broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck H. Belstar) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. H. Floridor) were irrigated with different concentrations of sodium selenate and sodium selenite. Scanned images of the roots were obtained and analyzed with WR and RVE.
Results
Results showed that mean bias error (MBE) values for total root length and average diameter of roots indicate an overestimation of RVE with respect to WR, while the opposite is true for the number of root tips. In bell pepper, the highest values of the root mean square error (RSME) were observed with respect to the other two crops. Furthermore, there were significant differences (P < .0001) between the values measured by RVE and WR for the 3 crops. For most of the crops and parameters evaluated there was a high linear regression coefficient between the programs. Similarly, linear correlation coefficient was high in all three crops for most of the root diameter classes evaluated. The two programs allowed finding similar significant differences for the selenium treatments.
Conclusions
RVE allowed to contrast and analyze the biological effect of different types of treatments on the roots.
The Morphological And Molecular Variability Of Sporisorium Scitamineum Isolates In Eswatini
Authors: Nkhabindze Bongani Zipho , Earnshaw Diana , Wanyika Harrison , Ateka Elijah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Sugarcane smut, caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is a disease of economic importance in the sugarcane industry, occasioning losses of up to 50%. Current management practices have been shown to be ineffective in controlling the fungal disease and hence the understanding of the local pathogen and development of appropriate control measures is required. This study investigates the morphology, development patterns and molecular variability of Sporisorium scitamineum isolates in Eswatini to understand its pathogenicity for effective control.Results: Fungal isolates were collected along the Sugarbelt in Lowveld of Eswatini. The isolates were verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the bE 4 and bE 8 specific primers with an amplification of a 420bp fragment; this was further verified by the sequencing results. The teliospores from the isolates were uniform for the brown colour, spiny texture and circular shape. The teliospore sizes were significantly (P=0.05) different among the isolates. The isolate from Big-Bend had a mean diameter of 5.55µm, while Simunye, Nsoko and Mhlume had average diameters of 4.69µm, 4.98µm and 4.87µm, respectively. The documentation of the developmental stages revealed that the samples were of variable virulence with significantly (P=0.05) different rates of promycelium development. Genetic distance matrix analysis and the cluster analysis showed a high homology (99-100%) among the local isolates.Conclusion: There is very low variability in the strains that are found in the selected sugarcane growing areas in Eswatini. Local isolates may possess varying virulence levels, but may not require variable management strategies.
How Many Amps, Watts and Joules Are Converted Into the Physical Quantity of Memory?
Authors: Neto Arnaldo Pinto Guedes de Paiva 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hodgkin and Huxley mathematically expressed the sodium, potassium and chlorine conductances, considering the level of inactivation and gating particles of these ions channels. The article reviews the work of Benjamin Libet (1978) and becomes possible to approach the term “memory” as a physical quantity. Restructuring aspects evaluated by Penfield (1958), graphs were constructed referring to the values ​​in scientific notation of the results of the described experiments. From the graphs, it becomes possible to develop a new area of physics that considers mental phenomena. The purpose of the paper is to calculate the memory in amperes, watts and joules. Higher pulse frequency tends to generate more work and less residual or dissipated energy, unless the pulse frequency reaches the latency period of the sensitive receptor. One of the expressions used in the literature to model such interaction is the so-called “postsynaptic current”.
Pleomorphic adenoma with extensive mucinous metaplasia mimicking mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Authors: SERCAN ÇİĞDEM , BOZDOĞAN ÖNDER , GÜNHAN ÖMER 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign tumor of the salivary glands. Histologically it is characterized by presenting epithelial as well as mesenchymal elements and may contain various metaplastic changes. Case presentation: In this article, a case of PA with extensive mucinous metaplasia and histologically very similar to mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is presented. Discussion and Conclusions:Pleomorphic adenoma with extensive mucinous and squamous differentiation can potentially be misdiagnosed as MEC. Immunohistochemistry was not effective in the differential diagnosis and the diagnosis was confirmed by the absence of MAML2 translocation.
The Politics of COVID-19: Differences Between Blue, Purple, and Red States in COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Regulations
Authors: Guess C. Dominik , Boyd Lauren , Perniciaro Kelly , Tuason Ma. Teresa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Confining and controlling infectious diseases, currently COVID-19, is a challenging task for politicians around the world. Since not much has been known about the virus initially, political decisions had to be made under uncertainty. Thus, worldviews and beliefs of politicians heavily influenced political decisions. The current study investigated political decisions in 2020 and 2021 and their influence on COVID-19 deaths in the 50 states of the United States, with a particular focus on comparing red (Republican) and blue (Democrat) states. Results showed overall more regulations in blue states and fewer COVID-19 related deaths in blue states compared to red states.
Photomodulation Alleviates the Senescence of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Aging in Vitro
Authors: Shu Xin , Wu Jiaqi , Zhang Tao , Ma Xiaoyu , Du Zuoqin , Wang Liqun , Chen Ni , Zheng Youkun , Luo Mao , Wu Jianbo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) therapies are emerging as a promising approach to therapeutic regeneration. Therapeutic persistence and reduced functional stem cell following cell delivery remain a critical hurdle for the clinical investigation due to the senescence of freshly isolated ASCs, extensive in-vitro passage. Cultured ASCs were derived from subcutaneous white adipose tissue isolated from mice fed a normal diet (NFD) or high-fat fed (HFD). ASCs were passaged in vitro and prepared for subculture up to passage 9, after light and non-light-treated ASCs. We performed senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and real-time PCR to evaluate the time-dependent changes in expression levels of mRNA related to cell cycle, cellular senescence markers, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The mRNA expression levels of senescence and SASP markers were significantly increased at passages 7 and 9 of ASCs-NFD. At the same passage number, ASCs-HFD showed a markedly higher mRNA level of senescence and SASP than that in ASCs-NFD. At different passages (Passages 3, 5, 7, and 9), these cells were performed by light treatment. Photomodulation reduced the expression of senescence, SASP, and SA-β-Gal in all cells at passage. Moreover, the light-treated ASCs-derived exosomes decrease the expression of senescence, SASP, and SA-β-Gal in the later passage cells. Furthermore, Light treatment significantly increased the Ca 2 + influx compared to the non-light-treated ASCs. Collectively, ASCs can undergo cellular senescence in-vitro passage. Photomodulation may be better preserved over senescence in aged ASCs. Light-treated ASCs-derived exosomes could be served as e a new protective paradigm for the cellular senescence in-vitro passage.
The Novel P330L Pathogenic Variant of Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Maps on the Catalytic Flexible Loop Underlying its Crucial Role
Authors: Bisello Giovanni , Kusmierska Katarzyna , Verbeek Marcel M. , Sykut-Cegielska Jolanta , Willemsen Michèl A.A.P. , Wevers Ron A. , Szymańska Krystyna , Poznanski Jarosław , Drozak Jakub , Wertheim–Tysarowska Katarzyna , Rygiel Agnieszka Magdalena , Bertoldi Mariarita 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare monogenic disease, often fatal in the first decade, causing severe intellectual disability, movement disorders and autonomic disfunction. It is due to mutations in the gene coding for the AADC enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the important neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine and serotonin. Using whole exome sequencing, we have identified a novel homozygous c989C>T (Pro330Leu) variant of AADC causing AADC deficiency. Pro330 is part of an essential structural and functional element: the flexible catalytic loop suggested to cover the active site crevice as a lid and properly position the catalytic residues. Our investigations provide evidence that Pro330 concurs in the achievement of an optimal catalytic competence. Through a combination of bioinformatic approaches, dynamic light scattering measurements, limited proteolysis experiments, spectroscopic and in solution analyses, we demonstrate that the substitution of Pro330 with Leu, although not determining gross conformational changes, results in an enzymatic species that is highly affected in catalysis. This defect does not lead to active site structural disassembling, nor to the inability to bind the pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP) cofactor. The molecular basis for the pathogenic effect of this variant is rather due to a mispositioning of the catalytically competent external aldimine intermediate, as corroborated by spectroscopic analyses and pH dependence of the kinetic parameters. Altogether, we determined the structural basis for the severity of the manifestation of AADC deficiency in this patient and discussed the rationale for a precision therapy.
A Physics-based Neural Network for Flight Dynamics Modelling and Simulation
Authors: Stachiw Terrin , Crain Alexander David , Ricciardi Joseph 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The authors have developed a novel physics-based nonlinear autoregressive exogeneous neural network model architecture for flight modelling across the entire flight envelope, called FlyNet. When using traditional parameter estimation and output-error methods, aircraft models are captured about a single point in the flight envelope using a first-order Taylor series to approximate forces and moments. To enable analysis throughout the entire flight envelope, the traditional models can be extended across the entire flight envelope by interpolating or stitching between a number of these single-condition models. This paper completes the evolutionary next step in aircraft modelling to consider all second-order Taylor series terms instead of a subset of those and by exploiting the ability of neural networks to capture more complex and nonlinear behaviour for the efficient development of a continuous flight simulation model valid across the entire flight envelope. This method is valid for fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft. The behaviour of a conventional model is compared to FlyNet using flight test data collected from the National Research Council of Canada’s Bell 412HP in forward flight.
Parents’ Experiences Caring for Children with Acute Otitis Media: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Lee Matthew , Kavalieratos Dio , Alberty Anastasia , Groff Destin , Haralam Mary Ann , Shaikh Nader 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known regarding parents’ experiences caring for children with acute otitis media (AOM). The goal of this study was to explore parents’ experiences caring for their child with AOM, identifying symptoms they observed, their thoughts and feelings about those symptoms, how they managed the episode, and what factors caused them to seek medical evaluation.
Methods
We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with parents of children 3–36 months old with AOM regarding (1) symptoms and behaviors that led parents to believe their child might have AOM; (2) symptoms that were most bothersome to parent and child; (3) what parents did in response to these symptoms; (4) motivations for seeking clinical care; and (5) parents’ expectations regarding AOM resolution.
Results
We interviewed 24 parents within 72 hours of diagnosis of AOM. Ear tugging was the symptom parents believed was most indicative of AOM, despite its presence in only half of the children in this sample. Parents consistently sought medical care when their child had fever or lack of sleep, or when symptoms worsened or were unresponsive to home remedies. Parents of children with history of recurrent AOM had less difficulty identifying symptoms of AOM than parents of children with their first ear infection.
Conclusions
Our findings provide insight into symptoms of AOM that cause parents concern and motivate the use of healthcare services.