bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High power downconversion deep-red emission from Ho3+-doped fiber lasers
Authors: Ji Shuaihao , Song Yingyi , Wang Zhongyu , Shen Chenyao , Lin Jiazhen , Xiao Bo , Feng Qichen , Du Qingyang , Xu Huiying , Cai Zhiping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
It has been a big challenge in decades for Ho3+-doped fiber laser to produce high emission power in deep-red due to its intrinsic long carrier lifetime in 5I7 energy level. Here, we advance the development of this visible fiber lasers by a novel pumping method that leverages the advantages of blue laser diode downconversion mechanisms to fully pumping, while shortening the lifetime of the lower energy level of the deep-red laser through excited state absorption. For the first time, we demonstrate a downconversion fiber laser using a single wavelength of 532 nm solid-state laser pump source to excite the Ho3+-doped ZBLAN fiber, which achieves a record high maximum output power of 1.64 W at 752.10 nm, as well as free-running of deep-red lasers with watt-level output. This technology represents a milestone in high power deep-red fiber lasers. Importantly, it is readily to be extended to other wavelengths that evidenced its huge application potentials in fiber laser industry.
Effect of 3-mercapto-1-propane sulfonate sulfonic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone on the growth of cobalt pillar by electrodeposition
Authors: Ni Xiuren , Wang Chong , Su Yuanzhang , Luo Yuyao , Ye Yilin , Su Xinhong , He Wei , Wang Shouxu , Hong Yan , Chen Yuanming , Zhou Guoyun , Liu Bingyun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cobalt is a promising material for electronic interconnections in the post-Moore law period. However, the vertical cobalt pillar is not fully compatible with the current electroplating-involved manufacturing process due to hydrogen evolution at the cathode and poor throwing power of the products. In this article, electrodeposition with multiple organic additives was employed to realize the fabrication of cobalt pillars. Electrochemical measurements were used to investigate the depolarization of 3-mercapto-1-propane sulfonate sulfonic acid (MPS) and the polarization of the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) during cobalt electrodeposition. Notably, the competitive adsorption between MPS and PVP was verified and discussed in cobalt electrodeposition. In order to understand the adsorption and functional groups of the additives, quantum chemical calculations were performed to simulate the distribution of electrostatic potential and molecular orbital energy of the additives. Accordingly, the thiol group of MPS and the amide group of PVP were speculated to be the molecular adsorption sites in cobalt electrodeposition. The mechanism including three stages was proposed for cobalt pillar electrodeposition in solution with MPS and PVP. The electrodeposition of practical cobalt pillars with a depth of 50 µm and diameters of 60, 80, and 100 µm was successfully achieved by electroplating experiments, thereby promoting the application of metal cobalt for electronic packaging.
Progress in the field of hydrotropy: mechanism, applications and green concepts
Authors: Patel Akash D. , Desai Meghal A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sustainability and greenness are the concepts of growing interest in the area of research as well as industries. One of the frequently encountered challenges faced in research and industrial fields is the solubility of the hydrophobic compound. Conventionally organic solvents are used in various applications; however, their contribution to environmental pollution, the huge energy requirement for separation and higher consumption lead to unsustainable practice. We require solvents that curtail the usage of hazardous material, increase the competency of mass and energy and embrace the concept of recyclability or renewability. Hydrotropy is one of the approaches for fulfilling these requirements. The phenomenon of solubilizing hydrophobic compound using hydrotrope is termed hydrotropy. Researchers of various fields are attracted to hydrotropy due to its unique physicochemical properties. In this review article, fundamentals about hydrotropes and various mechanisms involved in hydrotropy have been discussed. Hydrotropes are widely used in separation, heterogeneous chemical reactions, natural product extraction and pharmaceuticals. Applications of hydrotropes in these fields are discussed at length. We have examined the significant outcomes and correlated them with green engineering and green chemistry principles, which could give an overall picture of hydrotropy as a green and sustainable approach for the above applications.
Altruism under Stress: Cortisol Negatively Predicts Charitable Giving and Neural Value Representations Depending on Mentalizing Capacity
Authors: Schulreich Stefan , Tusche Anita , Kanske Philipp , Schwabe Lars 
Published: March 2022

Altruism, defined as costly other-regarding behavior, varies considerably across people and contexts. One prominent context in which people frequently must decide on how to socially act is under stress. How does stress affect altruistic decision-making and through which neurocognitive mechanisms? To address these questions, we assessed neural activity associated with charitable giving under stress. Human participants (males and females) completed a charitable donation task before and after they underwent either a psychosocial stressor or a control manipulation, while their brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. As the ability to infer other people's mental states (i.e., mentalizing) predicts prosocial giving and may be susceptible to stress, we examined whether stress effects on altruism depend on participants' general capacity to mentalize, as assessed in an independent task. Although our stress manipulation per se had no influence on charitable giving, increases in the stress hormone cortisol were associated with reductions in donations in participants with high mentalizing capacity, but not in low mentalizers. Multivariate neural response patterns in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were less predictive of postmanipulation donations in high mentalizers with increased cortisol, indicating decreased value coding, and this effect mediated the (moderated) association between cortisol increases and reduced donations. Our findings provide novel insights into the modulation of altruistic decision-making by suggesting an impact of the stress hormone cortisol on mentalizing-related neurocognitive processes, which in turn results in decreased altruism. The DLPFC appears to play a key role in mediating this cortisol-related shift in altruism.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAltruism is a fundamental building block of our society. Emerging evidence indicates a major role of acute stress and stress-related neuromodulators in social behavior and decision-making. How and through which mechanisms stress may impact altruism remains elusive. We observed that the stress hormone cortisol was linked to diminished altruistic behavior. This effect was mediated by reduced value representations in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and critically depended on the individual capacity to infer mental states of others. Our findings provide novel insights into the modulation of human altruism linked to stress-hormone dynamics and into the involved sociocognitive and neural mechanisms, with important implications for future developments of more targeted interventions for stress-related decrements in social behavior and social cognition.
Consumo de tabaco y condición de empleo en una región del eje cafetero colombiano
Authors: Chica Giraldo Christian David , Álvarez Heredia Juan Fernando , Naranjo Yonatan , Martínez Arias Marco Alexander , Martínez José William , Barbosa Gantiva Oscar , López Cardona John Alejandro , Roca Jean Pierre , Restrepo Santiago , Rivera Jaime Alberto , Cardona Miranda Leison 
Published: March 2022

Objetivos Estimar la prevalencia del consumo de tabaco en una región del eje cafetero y su asociación con la condición de empleo.
Métodos Este estudio fue del tipo corte transversal. Los participantes fueron hombres y mujeres mayores de 15 años residentes de los municipios de Risaralda que aceptaron ser encuestados sobre las características del consumo de tabaco en 2017.
Resultados Se evaluaron 4 157 registros de personas y se obtuvo una prevalencia de consumo de tabaco en Risaralda del 11,5%. En subempleados hubo una asociación significativa por fumar (p<0,05) (OR=1,51 IC95%: 1,18-1,94) cuando se ajustó el consumo de cigarrillo por edad y sexo, mientras que en desempleados el odds ratio reportado fue mayor (OR=3,10 IC95%: 2,03-4,73).
Conclusiones Se encontró que el subempleo es un factor de riesgo para el consumo de tabaco que debe ser considerado en el desarrollo de políticas para el control de consumo de tabaco en la región en población vulnerable. La condición de empleo puede explicar las limitaciones de una política de control de consumo de tabaco en la población.
KONSEP AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAX WEBER
Authors: Putra Ahmad 
Published: March 2022

For a long period of time, religion has become the object of study of experts. One of them is Max Weber. This article aims to study the Weber’s view of religion and its role in society. This research used the qualitative text method with the source of data which is collected through the study of literature, both in the form of books and research reports. For Weber, religion is a belief which is related to the supernatural powers. More then just a belief, each of religion such as Islam, Christianity, Buddism, Judaism has the tradition that are different each other. Beside that, religion is also strongly associated with the something of magical and universal.Agama telah menjadi objek kajian para ahli dalam jangka waktu yang cukup lama. Satu dari ahli tersebut adalah Max Weber. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji pandangan Max Weber tentang agama dan perannya dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif teks dengan sumber data penelitian yang diperoleh dari telaahan literatur, baik berupa buku, maupun laporan hasil penelitian. Bagi Max Weber agama merupakan sebuah keyakinan yang terkait dengan kekuatan supernatural. Lebih dari sekedar kepercayaan, setiap agama seperti Islam, Kristen, Budha, Yudaisme, memiliki tradisi yang berbeda satu sama lain. Selain itu, agama sangat terkait dengan sesuatu yang gaib dan bersifat universal.
NILAI-NILAI HUMANISME DALAM DIALOG ANTAR AGAMA PERSPEKTIF GUS DUR
Authors: Aqil Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Gus Dur is a humanist figure. This can be seen from his thought on the conflict resolution and the defence of minority rights which he strugles. The humanistic dialogue is a form of the conflict resolution which is offerred. The basis of the interfaith dialogue that Gus Dur offerred is the concept of religious humanism. This concept rooted in his thoughts on Islamic universalism which tauched the political, economic, and social aspects. There are nine the humanistic values that derrived from the consept of Islamic universalism which become the basis of religious conflict resolution and struggle for the monitity rights, namely: tauhid (monotheism), humanity, equality, liberation, simplicity, brothehood, chivalary, and local wisdom.Gus Dur adalah seorang figur humanis. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari pemikirannya tentang resolusi konflik dan pembelaan hak-hak minoritas yang dia perjuangan. Dialog humanistik merupakan bentuk resolusi konflik yang ditawarkan. Basis dialog antar agama yang Gus Dur tawarkan adalah konsep humanisme agama. konsep ini berakar pada pemikirannya tentang universalime Islam yang menjadi basis resolusi konflik agama dan perjuangan hak-hak minoritas, yakni: tauhid, kemanusiaan, persamaan, kebebasan, kesederhanaan, persaudaraan, kesatriaan, dan kearifan lokal.
CLINICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF PATIENTS ADMITTED TO THE PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: PERK Oktay 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the patients who received health services in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Ankara City Hospital’s Pediatrics Department in a 2-year period and the outcomes of these cases by examining their clinical and demographic characteristics.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in the 32-bed tertiary PICU of Ankara City Hospital. The records of 2280 patients between the ages of 1 month and 18 years who were hospitalized in the PICU between September 1, 2019, and September 1, 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. Age, sex, presence of chronic disease, reason for hospitalization in the intensive care unit, length of stay, status and duration of respiratory support, and mortality rates were evaluated.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 5.16±5.12 years and the mean PICU stay was 12.47±20.16 days. Bronchiolitis, sepsis, pneumonia, trauma, congenital heart disease, status epilepticus, hematological diseases, oncological diseases, diabetic ketoacidosis, and metabolic diseases were found to be the most common reasons for hospitalization in the PICU. The most frequent underlying diseases were neurological, respiratory, hematological, cardiological, endocrinological, nephrological, gastrointestinal system, oncological, and metabolic diseases. The mortality rate of these patients was 10.8%. Underlying oncological or hematological diseases and immunodeficiency, higher susceptibility to infection, longer hospital stay, and longer duration of mechanical ventilation were found to be statistically significantly higher in deceased patients compared to survivors.
Conclusion: The profile of patients admitted to PICUs is expanding day by day. A significant decrease in mortality was observed in all patient groups as a multidisciplinary approach was implemented. It was also observed that most of the patients had an underlying chronic disease and this condition was associated with mortality.
Retrospective Analysis of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Viruses and HIV Infections in Patients Presenting to the General Surgery Clinic and Evaluated Preoperatively
Authors: DURAN Ali 
Published: March 2022

Aim: Hepatitis B(HBV), Hepatitis C(HCV) and HIV infections are important parenterally transmitted infections. The aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HCV and anti-HIV in patients with preoperative preparation.
Materials and MethodS: Anti-HBs, HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV tests with chemiluminescent enzyme immune-assay method in a total of 900 patients applied to the General Surgery Clinic and were evaluated preoperatively by Abbott Architect i1000 immunoassay analyzer (Abbott Diagnostics, Illinois, USA) operated according to the manufacturer's instructions. Anti-HBs titer above 10 IU/mL, serum optical density/”cut-off” control optical density (S/Co) ≥1 in HBsAg, anti HCV and anti-HIV tests were accepted as positive. HBV-DNA and HCV RNA tests were performed with real-time PCR method.
Results: Anti-HBs test was found to be reactive in 34.11% and nonreactive in 65.89%. HBsAg positivity was 1.0% (9/900), and anti-HCV positivity was 0.33% (3/900). Anti-HIV positivity and HBsAg-anti-HCV association were not detected. Six patients with HBsAg positivity and one patient with anti-HCV positivity were found incidentally during preoperative examinations.
Conclusion:As a result of these data, it can be concluded that cost-effective serological tests for HBV and HCV infections performed in the preoperative period are extremely important in the detection of asymptomatic patients. Preoperative screening is important in terms of early diagnosis of patients before complications such as cirrhosis and HCC develop, enabling treatment, as well as enabling healthcare professionals to increase infection control measures while intervening with infected patients, to be more careful in terms of percutaneous injuries, and to reduce the risk of transmission.
Creación de valor como instrumento de productividad bajo sostenibilidad en cooperativas especializadas sin sección de ahorro en Bogotá
Authors: Rodríguez Alvarado Gloria Asceneth 
Published: March 2022

Resumen
Este artículo tiene como objetivo explicar cómo 12 cooperativas especializadas sin sección de ahorro en Bogotá crean valor en términos de productividad bajo sostenibilidad, por medio del análisis de indicadores de continuidad, de base social, de eficacia, de eficiencia, solvencia y endeudamiento entre 2015 y 2019. Para esta investigación se utilizó una base de datos de la Superintendencia de Economía Solidaria con información financiera. El enfoque de carácter mixto, permitió analizar los resultados de los indicadores y formular una propuesta direccionada a la creación de valor bajo los principios del cooperativismo. Como resultado, se observó que las cooperativas objeto de estudio presentan consistencia y robustez en su desempeño. Po último, con este estudio se concluyó que las situaciones favorables pueden potencializarse mediante el análisis de su ejercicio plasmado en los estados financieros.
Covid-19 research evidence: An international survey exploring views on useful sources, preferred formats, and accessibility
Authors: Tomlinson Eve , De Silva Debra , Stojanova Jana , Parker Roses , Umoquit Muriah , Lagosky Stephanie , Schmidt Bey-Marrié , Head Karen 
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION: In a pandemic, stakeholders such as policy makers, clinicians, patients, and the public need access to high-quality, timely, relevant research evidence in a format that is understandable and applicable. OBJECTIVES: An online survey was used to determine where a global audience finds research evidence about COVID-19 and how they prefer to keep up to date. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted an online survey of people interested in research in English and Spanish. We used a convenience sample of people visiting websites and social media accounts of Cochrane, an international organisation that collates systematic reviews of research. RESULTS: 831 people with various roles and locations responded over a short period with little active promotion. Healthcare professionals, members of the public, and policy influencers wanted research evidence to inform decisions about COVID-19. More than half found research evidence from government websites (52%), international organisations (57%), journals (56%), and evidence collation organisations (60%) useful. People wanted research evidence about COVID-19 formats such as lay summaries (60%), online systematic reviews (60%), short summaries with commentaries (51%), and visual summaries (48%). People preferred to be kept up to date about COVID-19 research via email updates and newsletters, tailored to people’s interests (34%), traditional media (13%) and social media (12%). CONCLUSIONS: It was feasible to collect feedback rapidly using a simple online survey. Websites from official organisations were key sources of COVID-19 research evidence. More research is needed on how best to provide evidence that is easy to access and understand.
Kesenian Tarling: Pertunjukan Hiburan, Pendidikan, Media Komunikasi 1966-2000
Authors: Sartika Santi , Mulyana Agus 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan perkembangan kesenian di Kabupaten Cirebon pada tahun 1966-2000. Secara garis besar, masalah utama yang dikaji dalam artikel ini mengenai “bagaimana perkembangan fungsi kesenian tarling di Kabupaten Cirebon tahun 1966-2000. Untuk membahas permasalahan tersebut penulis melakukan kajian dengan menggunakan metode historis yang terdiri dari empat langkah yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan kesimpulan bahwa ada tiga fungsi dalam pertunjukan kesenian tarling. Pertama tarling berfungsi sebagai media hiburan, kesenian tarling digunakan untuk hiburan melekan(menjaga semalam suntuk) menemani masyarakat yang membakar bata, pesta panen, dan acara hajatan. Sebagai media pendidikan terdapat suatu ajaran nilai dan moral dalam setiap drama dan lirik-lirik lagu tarling yang di pertunjukan. Sebagai media komunikasi yaitu dalam pertunjukan tarling seringkali dibawakan menggunakan bahasa daerah, sehingga kekuatan komunikasinya dapat menjangkau warga desa yang masih buta huruf. Hal tersebut dijadikan sebagai media komunikasi oleh pemerintah, untuk mengantarkan pesan-pesan pembangunan. Ketiga fungsi tersebut yang membuat kesenian tarling mempunyai keunikan tersendiri sebagai ciri khas dan jati diri masyarakat Cirebon sehingga harus tetap dilestarikan. Kata Kunci: Kesenian Tarling, Tarling Klasik, Kabupaten Cirebon.
Perkembangan Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah di Kabupaten Cianjur Tahun 1975-2014
Authors: Ayuningtyas Widinia Dinda , Santosa Ayi Budi 
Published: March 2022

Skripsi ini berjudul “Perkembangan Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah di Kabupaten Cianjur Tahun 1975-2014”. Ketertarikan penulis mengkaji mengenai Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah berdasarkan pada keterpaduan pondok pesantren tradisional dengan pendidikan formal yang berkembang pesat dari peningkatan jumlah santri tiap tahunnya, selain itu penerapan kurikulum atau metode pengajaran Kulliyatul Mu’allimin wal Mu’allimat al Islamiyah, dan para santri di Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah yang berasal dari seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Adapun masalah utama yang dibahas dalam skripsi ini adalah “bagaimana perkembangan Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah di Cianjur Tahun 1975-2014?. Kemudian masalah utama tersebut dibagi ke dalam empat pertanyaan penelitian, yaitu: bagaimana latar belakang berdirinya Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah?; bagaimana kondisi Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah dibawah kepemimpinan KH. Wildan Affandi; bagaimana perkembangan lembaga pendidikan yang terdapat di Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah?; apa saja faktor pendorong dan penghambat dalam perkembangan Pondok Pesantren Al-musyarrofah?. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode historis, menggunakan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: heuristik, kritik eksternal dan internal, interpretasi atau penafsiran sumber dan historiografi yang meliputi latar belakang berdirinya pondok pesantren, kondisi Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah dibawah kepemimpinan KH. Wildan Affandi, perkembangan lembaga pendidikan yang terdapat di Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah, faktor-faktor pendorong dan penghambat dalam perkembangan Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah. Merujuk pada hasil penelitian diperoleh beberapa kesimpulan. Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah didirikan pada tahun 1833 oleh Syeikh Tb. Abdullah Umar Syarifuddin. Kepemimpinan Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah sudah mengalami pergantian hingga enam generasi. Modernisasi pesantren terjadi pada tahun 2008 dengan mendirikan SMP Islam Terpadu (SMP IT). Pondok Pesantren Al-Musyarrofah tidak menerima adanya santri kalong, akan tetapi pihak pesantren hanya menerima santri mukim saja.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic liver tumor
Authors: Kaprin A. D. , Ivanov S. A. , Nevolskikh A. A. , Petrov L. O. , Isaeva A. G. , Zibirov R. F. , Izmailov A. A. 
Published: March 2022

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors) IMT in the clinical practice of an oncologist are very rare diagnostic findings. Currently, the bulk of scientific publications about IMT are devoted to reviews of clinical cases. If initially IMT were considered as pseudo-tumors, now they are classified as intermediate fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumors according to the WHO histological classification. Management of patients with hepatic IMT are debatable today. Hepatic IMT are mostly benign lesions and characterized by spontaneous regression without any treatment. However, sometimes therapeutic and surgical treatment of these lesions is necessary. Many authors recommend surgical treatment, as with conservative treatment, some patients develop relapses. This rare observation demonstrates our experience of liver resection for inflammatory myofibroblastic liver tumor in 76 year-old patient.