bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indoor incense burning and impaired lung function in patients with diabetes
Authors: Meng Yaxian , Han Xiaojie , Yi Chao , Liu Miao , Chen Ruoqing , Chen Haitao , Zhou Tao , Liu Jianjun , Chen Xiaoliang , Zhan Yiqiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWhile recent studies have indicated a potential link between incense burning and respiratory diseases, there is a lack of data specifically focused on diabetic patients. To explore the relationship between indoor incense burning and impaired lung function among Chinese individuals with diabetes, a comprehensive cross-sectional study was undertaken, enrolling 431 adults diagnosed with diabetes. Information on incense burning and characteristics was collected using a structured questionnaire. The outcome of the study, impaired lung function, was assessed using spirometry. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed. In the fully adjusted model, participants exposed to indoor incense burning exhibited 130% higher odds of impaired lung function compared to those not exposed, as indicated by an odds ratio (OR) of 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97, 5.16; P = 0.05). Notably, this association was statistically significant only in men (OR = 3.39; 95%CI: 1.07, 9.82; P = 0.03). Our study has elucidated an association between exposure to indoor incense burning and impaired lung function in individuals with diabetes, independently of demographic factors. These findings underscore the importance of considering indoor environmental factors, such as incense burning, in the comprehensive management and care of diabetic individuals.
Intra-individual variability in ancient plasmodium DNA recovery highlights need for enhanced sampling
Authors: Llanos-Lizcano Alejandro , Hämmerle Michelle , Sperduti Alessandra , Sawyer Susanna , Zagorc Brina , Özdoğan Kadir Toykan , Guellil Meriam , Cheronet Olivia , Kuhlwilm Martin , Pinhasi Ron , Gelabert Pere 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Malaria has been a leading cause of death in human populations for centuries and remains a major public health challenge in African countries, especially affecting children. Among the five Plasmodium species infecting humans, Plasmodium falciparum is the most lethal. Ancient DNA research has provided key insights into the origins, evolution, and virulence of pathogens that affect humans. However, extensive screening of ancient skeletal remains for Plasmodium DNA has shown that such genomic material is rare, with no studies so far addressing potential intra-individual variability. Consequently, the pool of ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or genomic sequences for P. falciparum is extremely limited, with fewer than 20 ancient sequences available for genetic analysis, and no complete P. falciparum mtDNA from Classical antiquity published to date. To investigate intra-individual diversity and genetic origins of P. falciparum from the Roman period, we generated 39 sequencing libraries from multiple teeth and two from the femur of a Roman malaria-infected individual. The results revealed considerable variability in P. falciparum recovery across different dental samples within the individual, while the femur samples showed no preservation of Plasmodium DNA. The reconstructed 43-fold P. falciparum mtDNA genome supports the hypothesis of an Indian origin for European P. falciparum and suggests mtDNA continuity in Europe over the past 2000 years.
Machine learning techniques for non-destructive estimation of plum fruit weight
Authors: Sabouri Atefeh , Bakhshipour Adel , Poorsalehi Mehrnaz , Abouzari Abouzar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlum fruit fresh weight (FW) estimation is crucial for various agricultural practices, including yield prediction, quality control, and market pricing. Traditional methods for estimating fruit weight are often destructive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. In this study, we addressed the problem of predicting plum FW using artificial intelligence (AI) methods based on fruit dimensions. We aimed to evaluate various machine learning (ML) techniques for this purpose. Images of fruit samples were captured using a smartphone camera, processed to extract binary images, and used to calculate dimensions. We tested several ML methods, including Support Vector Regression (SVR), Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), and Decision Tree (DT). The SVR model with a Pearson-VII kernel (PUK) function and penalty value (c) of 0.1 was the most accurate, achieving an R2 of 0.9369 and root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.4850 (gr) during training, and 0.9267 and 0.4863 (gr) during testing. This method is important for researchers and practitioners seeking efficient, quick, and non-destructive ways to estimate fruit weight. Future research can build on these findings by applying the model to other fruit types and conditions.
Preliminary study on the explosive performance of coal dust and prospects for engineering applications
Authors: Guo Jing , Ge Shirong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the efficiency and energy release characteristics of different types of coal in pulse detonation engines (PDE) to advance the development of deep coal fluidization detonation technology, achieving more efficient and cleaner coal utilization. Using a custom PDE setup, experiments were conducted with four coal types at mass flow rates from 30 to 120 g/s. High-frequency pressure sensors assessed pressure dynamics and detonation wave propagation, complemented by numerical simulations for accuracy. Results show that the maximum detonation pressure (Pmax) increases linearly with coal mass flow, with anthracite reaching 1.52 MPa at 120 g/s. A consistent linear relationship between Pmax and maximum temperature (Tmax) was observed. Detonation combustion efficiency (ηDCE) improved with mass flow, with peat rising from 52.3% to 83.7%. These findings provide a foundation for advancing deep coal fluidized detonation technology, contributing to more efficient and cleaner coal utilization.
Photosymbiosis shaped animal genome architecture and gene evolution as revealed in giant clams
Authors: Li Ruiqi , Leiva Carlos , Lemer Sarah , Kirkendale Lisa , Li Jingchun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSymbioses are major drivers of organismal diversification and phenotypic innovation. However, how long-term symbioses shape whole genome evolution in metazoans is still underexplored. Here, we use a giant clam (Tridacna maxima) genome to demonstrate how symbiosis has left complex signatures in an animal’s genome. Giant clams thrive in oligotrophic waters by forming a remarkable association with photosymbiotic dinoflagellate algae. Genome-based demographic inferences uncover a tight correlation between T. maxima global population change and major paleoclimate and habitat shifts, revealing how abiotic and biotic factors may dictate T. maxima microevolution. Comparative analyses reveal genomic features that may be symbiosis-driven, including expansion and contraction of immunity-related gene families and a large proportion of lineage-specific genes. Strikingly, about 70% of the genome is composed of repetitive elements, especially transposable elements, most likely resulting from a symbiosis-adapted immune system. This work greatly enhances our understanding of genomic drivers of symbiosis that underlie metazoan evolution and diversification.
Requirements on bit resolution in optical Ising machine implementations with analog spin variables
Authors: Sevenants Toon , Van der Sande Guy , Verschaffelt Guy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOptical Ising machines have emerged as a promising dynamical hardware solver for computational hard optimization problems. These Ising machines typically require an optical modulator to represent the analog spin variables of these problems. However, modern day optical modulators have a relatively low modulation resolution. We therefore investigate how the low bit-resolution of optical hardware influences the performance of this type of computing platform. Based on numerical simulations, we determine the minimum required bit-resolution of an optical Ising machine for different benchmark problems of different sizes. Our study shows that a limited bit-resolution of 8bit is sufficient for the optical modulator. We also observe that the use of a 1bit-resolution modulator significantly improves the performance of the Ising machine across all considered benchmark problems.
Humans rationally balance detailed and temporally abstract world models
Authors: Kahn Ari E. , Daw Nathaniel D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
How do people model the world’s dynamics to guide mental simulation and evaluate choices? One prominent approach, the Successor Representation (SR), takes advantage of temporal abstraction of future states: by aggregating trajectory predictions over multiple timesteps, the brain can avoid the costs of iterative, multi-step mental simulation. Human behavior broadly shows signatures of such temporal abstraction, but finer-grained characterization of individuals’ strategies and their dynamic adjustment remains an open question. We developed a task to measure SR usage during dynamic, trial-by-trial learning. Using this approach, we find that participants exhibit a mix of SR and model-based learning strategies that varies across individuals. Further, by dynamically manipulating the task contingencies within-subject to favor or disfavor temporal abstraction, we observe evidence of resource-rational reliance on the SR, which decreases when future states are less predictable. Our work adds to a growing body of research showing that the brain arbitrates between approximate decision strategies. The current study extends these ideas from simple habits into usage of more sophisticated approximate predictive models, and demonstrates that individuals dynamically adapt these in response to the predictability of their environment.
Chorionic trophoblast cells demonstrate functionally different phenotypes from placental trophoblasts
Authors: Choudhury Jaganmoy , Richardson Lauren S , Urrabaz-Garza Rheanna , Jacob Jeena , Kammala Ananth Kumar , Menon Ramkumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chorionic trophoblast cells are one of the principal components of the fetal membrane and join with the decidua to form a feto–maternal interface. Recent success in isolating chorionic trophoblast cells dealt with two separate questions: (i) the necessity of highly enriched and defined media with inhibitors of oxidative stress and cell transition and their impact on growth and trophoblast phenotype, (ii) the functional differences between chorionic trophoblast cells and other placental trophoblast lineages of cells (placental cytotrophoblast cells, and extravillous trophoblast). Chorionic trophoblast cells were cultured either in defined media with various inhibitors or in media from which inhibitors were removed individually. Cellular morphology and growth (microscopy and crystal violet staining) and cellular and molecular biological features (immunofluorescence staining for GATA-binding protein 3, cytokeratin 7, and vimentin) were assessed. Syncytialization of cells (forskolin treatment) and invasive properties of chorionic trophoblast cells (cell invasion assay) were tested and compared with placental cytotrophoblast cells and extravillous trophoblasts (HTR8/SVneo), respectively. Removal of various growth-supporting agents from the media delayed cell growth and inclined towards cellular transition (increase in vimentin compared to cytokeratin 7 or GATA-binding protein 3) compared to chorionic trophoblast cells grown in complete and enriched media. The chorionic trophoblast cells failed to syncytialize, contrasting with the high levels of membrane fusion observed in placental cytotrophoblast cells. Although chorionic trophoblast cells express human leukocyte antigen G like extravillous trophoblasts, they do not invade. Chorionic trophoblast cells require several specific constituents for in vitro growth and phenotype maintenance. Chorionic trophoblast cells are trophoblast lineage cells that barricade immune cell-enriched decidua without invading them. These properties support their location and function, which are distinct from placental cytotrophoblast cells and extravillous trophoblasts.
Metal–Organic Frameworks MIL-101(Fe) and MIL-53(Al) as Efficient Adsorbents for Dispersive Micro-Solid-Phase Extraction of Sorafenib in Plasma and Wastewater, Coupled with HPLC-UV Analysis
Authors: Takhvar Azra , Akbari Somaye , Souri Effat , Ahmadkhaniha Reza , Morsali Ali , Khoshayand Mohammad Reza , Amini Mohsen , Taheri Alireza 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the present study, metal–organic frameworks, MIL-101(Fe) and MIL-53(Al), were synthesized under solvothermal conditions and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray energy diffraction spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The synthesized metal–organic frameworks were utilized for the purpose of dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of sorafenib in both human plasma and wastewater, which was subsequently followed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet determination. Parameters affecting extraction efficacy including adsorbent amount, ionic strength, pH, type of elution solvent, adsorption and desorption time were optimized. Under optimal experimental conditions, the linearity in human plasma and wastewater was achieved in the range of 0.25–5.00 and 0.01–0.20 μg/mL, respectively. The extraction recovery for MIL-101(Fe) and MIL-53(Al), respectively, was calculated in human plasma and wastewater and found to be in the range of 86.27–99.47%.
Characteristics and healthcare utilization among aging veterans in supported housing: A comparison with independently housed age-matched veterans
Authors: Beydoun Hind A , Szymkowiak Dorota , Kinney Rebecca , Jones Audrey L , Tsai Jack 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives
There is a large and growing population of older, formerly homeless adults living in permanent supportive housing, and there are concerns about how to address their healthcare needs. This study compared veterans aged 55 years and older residing in the Department of Housing and Urban Development-Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) program to an age-matched group of independently housed veterans receiving care through the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system on health and healthcare service use characteristics.

Research Design and Methods
Cross-sectional analyses were performed on 1,436,537 (66,072 HUD-VASH vs. 1,370,465 housed) eligible veterans with index encounter dates between October 1, 2021, and July 31, 2022, using linked data from the VA’s Homeless Operations Management and Evaluation System and the Corporate Data Warehouse. Propensity-score adjusted logistic regression models were constructed to compare aging HUD-VASH vs. housed veterans on outpatient and inpatient healthcare utilization.

Results
HUD-VASH veterans were more likely to have physical and mental health morbidities, including substance use disorder than their independently housed counterparts. HUD-VASH veterans were less likely to utilize outpatient medical services, and more likely to use emergency and inpatient care services than independently housed veterans.

Discussion and Implications
Older veterans in the HUD-VASH program have greater healthcare needs and different patterns of healthcare utilization than their independently housed counterparts. Targeted interventions that better engage and reduce barriers to care among aging populations in supported housing are needed.
Effect of pipe material and disinfectant on active bacterial communities in drinking water and biofilms
Authors: Siponen Sallamaari , Ikonen Jenni , Gomez-Alvarez Vicente , Hokajärvi Anna-Maria , Ruokolainen Matti , Jayaprakash Balamuralikrishna , Kolehmainen Mikko , Miettinen Ilkka T , Pitkänen Tarja , Torvinen Eila 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
We investigated the combined effects of pipe materials and disinfection chemicals on bacterial community and its active RNA fraction in water and biofilms in a pilot-scale premise plumbing system.

Methods and results
The changes in bacterial communities were studied within four pipelines using copper and cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipe with chlorine or chloramine disinfection. The total and active bacterial communities and the presence of opportunistic pathogens (Legionella spp. and Mycobacterium spp.) were analyzed using 16S rRNA (gene) amplicon sequencing. The dominant classes were Alphaproteobacteria (31%) and Gammaproteobacteria (24%). Class Planctomycetia was increased in active fraction of chlorinated waters and PEX pipe biofilms and decreased in chloraminated waters and copper pipe biofilms. The alpha diversity of the active fractions in biofilms were highest in chloraminated PEX pipe samples (Chao1 mean = 163, P &lt; 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis). Legionella spp. was more abundant and active in waters treated with chlorine than chloramine.

Conclusions
Disinfectant had a stronger impact than pipe material on the bacterial community composition in water. A combined effect of pipe material and disinfectant was more evident on the composition and activity of the biofilm communities than the individual effect of copper, PEX, chlorine, or chloramine.
Ultrathin and capacity-tunable lithium metal wires for lithium-based fiber batteries
Authors: Li Chuanfa , Ye Qian , Wang Jiaqi , Huang Xinlin , Song Tianbing , Zhang Kun , Li Pengzhou , Zhang Yanan , Gong Xiaocheng , Jiang Yi , Gao Yue , Peng Huisheng , Wang Bingjie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Ultrathin lithium (Li) metal wires with tunable capacities have great promise for precise prelithiation of fiber anodes and high-energy-density Li-based fiber batteries. However, the application of Li metal in fiber batteries faces great challenges due to its mechanical fragility and the resulting limited micro-dimension manufacturing capability. These challenges impede the production of ultrathin Li wires with adjustable Li contents to match the capacities of Li-based fiber batteries. Herein, silver-plated aramid yarns (Ag/AYs) are employed to load Li metal for producing ultrathin Li wires. The bundled structure of Ag/AYs leads to the adjustable volume of oriented voids within the fibers, thus resulting in accurately tunable capacities (0.0048–2.4 mAh cm−1) and diameters (20–534 μm) of Li wires. Such thin Li wires are used to precisely compensate for Li loss during the formation cycle of the fiber graphite anodes, thereby improving the initial Coulombic efficiency from ∼88% to ∼100%. Additionally, when employed as anodes, these Li wires enabled the fiber batteries to exhibit exceptional cycling stability for 150 cycles under a relatively low negative/positive ratio of 2.06, while achieving a high energy density of 139.822 Wh kg−1 based on the total mass of the battery.
TSPO-PET Reveals Higher Inflammation in White Matter Disrupted by Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Tozlu Ceren , Jamison Keith , Kang Yeona , Hurtado Rua Sandra , Kaunzner Ulrike W. , Nguyen Thanh , Kuceyeski Amy , Gauthier Susan A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo explore whether the inflammatory activity is higher in white matter (WM) tracts disrupted by paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) and if inflammation in PRL-disrupted WM tracts is associated with disability in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsForty-four MS patients and 16 healthy controls were included. 18 kDa-translocator protein positron emission tomography (TSPO-PET) with the11C-PK11195 radioligand was used to measure the neuroinflammatory activity. The Network Modification Tool was used to identify WM tracts disrupted by PRLs and non-PRLs that were delineated on MRI. The Expanded Disability Status Scale was used to measure disability.ResultsMS patients had higher inflammatory activity in whole brain WM compared to healthy controls (p=0.001). Compared to patients without PRLs, patients with PRLs exhibited higher levels of inflammatory activity in the WM tracts disrupted by any type of lesions (p=0.02) or PRLs (p=0.004). In patients with at least one PRL, inflammatory activity was higher in WM tracts highly disrupted by PRLs compared to WM tracts highly disrupted by non-PRLs (p=0.009). Elevated inflammatory activity in highly disrupted WM tracts was associated with increased disability in patients with PRL (p=0.03), but not in patients without PRL (p=0.2).InterpretationThis study suggests that patients with PRLs may exhibit more diffuse WM inflammation in addition to higher inflammation along WM tracts disrupted by PRLs compared to non-PRLs, which could contribute to larger lesion volumes and faster disability progression. Imaging PRLs may serve to identify patients with both focal and diffuse inflammation, guiding therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing inflammation and preventing progressive disability in MS.
The Effects of Living at Altitude on the Prevalence of Dementia
Authors: Holt Alan , Davies Adrian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA lower incidence of dementia has been observed in populations residing at high altitudes compared to those at low altitudes. A possible cause is the inverse relationship between altitude and the partial pressure of inspired oxygen. This paper investigates the long term impact that living at altitude has on mitochondrial function.We use simulation methods to model the dynamics of a population of mtDNA and the proliferation of deletion mutants. Clonal expansion of these deletion mutants over many years impairs mitochondrial function resulting in cell death, notably in post-mitotic cells such as neurons. Neuron loss leads to cognitive impairment, progressing to dementia over time.Our results show that there is a moderate reduction in neuron loss rates and associated cognitive decline with respect to dementia in the elderly. These results are consistent with published data on the regional prevalence of dementia when plotted against altitude.