bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Kidney Injury and Drugs Prescribed for COVID-19 in Diabetes Patients: A Real-World Disproportionality Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yu , Li Jianbin , Wang Linyao , Zhu Xinyan , Zhang Meilian , Zheng Jiaping 
Published: March 2022

Background: The information is relatively scarce regarding the occurrence of drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) when anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) drugs are prescribed for patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate a pharmacovigilance signal for AKI upon the use of common drugs prescribed for COVID-19 treatment, especially in patients with DM.Methods: The FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database were used, and data from the first quarter of 2020 to the third quarter of 2021 were retrieved. A disproportionality analysis was performed to determine whether AKI was more frequently reported with anti-COVID-19 drugs compared to that with other drugs in different populations. Further, reporting odds ratios (RORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate disproportionality. Results: We identified 33,488 COVID-19 patients and 2397 COVID-19 patients with DM. AKI was the most frequent adverse drug reaction (ADR) reported in this patient population. The primary suspected drugs related to AKI in more than half of the reports (75.60%, 127/168) were four common anti-COVID-19 drugs (remdesivir, tocilizumab, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir). Compared with other drugs in the same time window, remdesivir and lopinavir/ritonavir were associated with an increased risk of AKI in all COVID-19 patients (ROR: 3.97, 95% CI: 3.51–4.50; ROR: 4.02, 95% CI: 3.11–5.19, respectively). In COVID-19 patients with DM, remdesivir was significantly associated with AKI (ROR: 5.65, 95% CI: 4.06–7.87); meanwhile, there was a new AKI signal associated with tocilizumab (ROR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.19–4.72). After sensitivity analyses in COVID-19 patients with DM, consistent results for remdesivir were observed; however, the AKI signals for tocilizumab were unstable.Conclusion: Our study confirmed the association of AKI with the usage of common anti-COVID-19 drugs (especially remdesivir and tocilizumab) in DM patients. These safety signals suggested more individualized treatments for COVID-19 patients with comorbidities. Cross-disciplinary collaborative is needed to improve current strategy of clinical treatment and develop new approaches to management.
Gender Differences in Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms During the First Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Herrera-Añazco Percy , Urrunaga-Pastor Diego , Benites-Zapata Vicente A. , Bendezu-Quispe Guido , Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J. , Hernandez Adrian V. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that the pandemic impact on mental health could vary according to gender. We aimed to evaluate the gender influence in the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) countries in the first stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis employing the Facebook–COVID-19 Symptom Survey developed by the University of Maryland. We categorized gender as men, women, and non-binary. The outcomes were the presence of anxiety or depressive symptoms, measured with two adapted questions extracted from the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). We used generalized linear models from the Poisson family, considering the survey's complex sampling. We calculated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and explored interactions with gender using the adjusted Wald test.ResultsWe included 1,338,320 adults from LAC countries; 48.0, 50.6, and 1.4% were men, women, and non-binary participants, respectively. The overall prevalence of anxiety or depressive symptoms was 44.8 and 46.6%, respectively. We found interactions between gender and the rest of the independent variables. In the non-binary group, the association between age and anxiety symptomatology was lost after an age of 55 years. Furthermore, whereas living in a town was associated with a lower prevalence of anxiety and depression symptomatology in men and women, this did not happen among non-binary individuals. Compliance with physical distancing was associated with a lower prevalence of anxiety and depression symptomatology among women (anxiety: PRa = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97–0.99; p &lt; 0.001, depression: PRa = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.95–0.97; p &lt; 0.001) and only anxiety in non-binary participants (anxiety: PRa = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.88–0.98; p = 0.005). This was not evidenced among men participants (anxiety: PRa = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.96–1.01; p = 0.199, depression: PRa = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.96–1.00; p = 0.084). In addition, compliance with handwashing was associated with a higher prevalence of anxiety symptomatology among men (PRa = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.05–1.11; p &lt; 0.001) and women participants (PRa = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01–1.05; p = 0.016).ConclusionApproximately 4 out of 10 participants had anxiety or depressive symptoms. Women and non-binary gender people had more symptoms of anxiety or depression. The factors associated with these symptoms varied according to gender. It is essential to evaluate gender-related strategies to improve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Role Stress and Psychological Distress Among Chinese Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Moderated Mediation Model of Social Support and Burnout
Authors: Xiao Yuting , Zhang Honghui , Li Qian , Xiao Shan , Dai Ting , Guo Jia , Yu Yu 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveNurses are at high risk of psychological distress including stress, depression, and anxiety due to low personnel density and high work demand. Despite mounting evidence showing that role stress is a risk factor for nurses' psychological distress, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship are less known. This study tests the mediation effect of burnout in the association between role stress and psychological distress, and whether this mediation is moderated by social support.MethodsA sample of 623 Chinese nurses were recruited from all hepatological surgery departments in Hunan Province and filled out an online questionnaire to collect data on socio-demographics, role stress, burnout, psychological distress, and social support. Mediation and moderation analyses were carried out in SPSS macro-PROCESS.ResultsBurnout partially mediated the positive association between role stress and psychological distress. Social support moderated the indirect effect of role stress on psychological distress via burnout, with the effect being stronger for nurses with low social support than those with high social support.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrated how role stress contributed to nurses' psychological distress both directly and indirectly through burnout, and how this indirect effect was moderated by social support. The results provide important practical implications for future prevention and intervention programs to improve nurses' mental health from multiple aspects such as decreasing role stress and burnout while increasing social support.
Real-Life Clinical Experience With Cariprazine: A Systematic Review of Case Studies
Authors: Csehi Réka , Dombi Zsófia Borbála , Sebe Barbara , Molnár Mária Judit 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe hierarchy of evidence coming from evidence-based medicine favors meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials over observational studies and clinical cases. Nonetheless, in the field of psychiatry, where conditions are much more complex, additional evidence coming from real-world clinical practice is necessary to complement data from these gold standards. Thus, in this systematic review, the aim is to summarize the evidence coming from clinical case reports regarding cariprazine, a third-generation antipsychotic drug that has been approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder with manic, depressive or mixed features in adults.MethodsA systematic review was performed using Embase and Pubmed databases searching for English-language cases published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 January and 2021 September with the following search terms: (cariprazin* OR “rgh-188” OR rgh188 OR vraylar OR reagila) AND (“case report*” OR “case report”/de OR “case stud*” OR “case study”/de OR “case seri*”).ResultsAfter the removal of duplicates, 49 articles were retrieved via the search, from which 22 were suitable for this review. These 22 articles encompassed 38 cases from which 71% described patients with schizophrenia, 16% patients with psychotic disorders, 5% patients with mood disorder and 8% described patients with other disorders such as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, borderline personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder with paranoid schizophrenia. The median age of patients was 31, and half of them were female. The majority of patients (76%) started cariprazine with 1.5 mg/day, and the most common maintenance dose was 4.5 mg/day (34%) and 3.0 mg/day (29%).ConclusionCariprazine was found to be safe and effective in a wide range of psychiatric conditions with different symptom profiles from acute psychotic symptoms through addiction to negative and cognitive symptoms. The results are in-line with the established evidence from clinical trials, however, they also show how cariprazine can be successfully utilized for treating certain symptoms irrespective of the indication.
Does Environmental Information Disclosure Improve the Health Level of Middle-Aged and Old Residents? Evidence From China
Authors: Yu Xuan , Shen Weiteng , Lin Sen 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to empirically examine the impact of environmental information disclosure on the health of middle-aged and old residents and investigate whether such disclosure can improve the health of middle-aged and old residents.MethodsThis study matches the data of the Pollution Information Transparency Index (PITI) and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018 and uses the ordered logistic regression model to assess the impact of environmental information disclosure on the health of middle-aged and old residents. Furthermore, stepwise regression, ordinary least square, and ordered probit regression models are used for robustness tests. The IV-Ordered probit regression model solves the endogenous problem.ResultsEnvironmental information disclosure has a significant positive correlation with the health level of middle-aged and old residents. After the robustness test and endogenous problem handling, this conclusion still holds. Estimation results show that when PITI increases by 1 unit, the probability of improving the self-reported health level and actual health level of middle-aged and old residents increases by 1 and 0.87%, respectively. The impact of environmental information disclosure on the health of middle-aged and old residents also has significant regional heterogeneity. Specifically, the impact is mainly reflected in the central region of China.ConclusionEnvironmental information disclosure can improve the health of middle-aged and old residents. To improve the health of middle-aged and old residents, it is necessary to implement and enhance the environmental information disclosure system continuously. The anti-driving effect of environmental information disclosure on the treatment of environmental pollution must be intensified further, particularly focusing on the central region of China, where is more polluted and more concentrated than other regions.
Evaluating and Engaging: Using Participatory Video With Kenyan Secondary School Students to Explore Engagement With Health Research
Authors: Davies Alun , High Chris , Mwangome Nancy , Hanlin Rebecca , Jones Caroline 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe growing ethical requirement to engage communities with health research has yielded diversification in approaches and targeted audiences. Conventional approaches like community “town-hall meetings,” laboratory open-days and focus group discussions, have evolved into new methods and audiences such as community drama and school engagement with health research (SEHR) involving learning interactions between researchers and school students. While engagement practices are diversifying, evaluations of these initiatives are rare in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). This article focuses on the use of Participatory Video (PV) to explore the influence of the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme's (KWTRP) School Engagement Programme (SEP) on the views and understandings of science and research among Kenyan state secondary school students.MethodsTwelve male and twelve female students from four coeducational schools were provided with film-making kits (1 per school), and a one-day PV training workshop. They prepared 22 short films over 8 weeks depicting their experiences and views of research and engagement and conveying their career aspirations. Schools were selected based on prior SEP participation; two schools having experienced different engagement approaches, and the others with no prior school engagement. Study data comprised footage and participant observation notes.ResultsPV provided an opportunity to simultaneously engage and evaluate to inform practice. Through student-led filmmaking, PV stimulated conversations with students about research and engagement, enabling them to share their views in a way they felt was appropriate. These interactions offered an understanding of student gains from engagement, the depth of interaction required to address perceptions held about research and the potential unintended consequences of engagement. PV also provided insights into the context and complexity of life in which engagement is situated. Understanding this context is important because of its potential influence on participation in engagement activities. We draw on these insights to make two recommendations for school engagement practice. First is that PV can provide an enjoyable and insightful means of combining engagement with evaluation. Second, given that time for SEHR is competed for against other important curricular and extracurricular activities, SEHR practitioners must ensure that activities are as beneficial and enjoyable as possible to students.
Physical Activity Capacity Assessment of Patients With Chronic Disease and the 1-Minute Sit to Stand Test: Is There an Interest?
Authors: Allado Edem , Poussel Mathias , Albuisson Eliane , Paysant Jean , Temperelli Margaux , Hily Oriane , Moussu Anthony , Benhajji Noura , Gauchard Gerôme , Chenuel Bruno 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the 1-minute Sit to Stand test (1MSTS) to determine physical activity capacities for patients with chronic disease.MethodsFor this cross-sectional study, we studied fifty patients with chronic disease and no beta-blocker treatment. They systematically performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake (V'O2max). We considered two groups of patients based on the results of the functional evaluation of exercise performance: (1) No limitation in exercise performance (V'O2max greater or equal to 80% of the theoretical reference) and (2) limited exercise performance (V'O2max &lt;80% of the theoretical value). All patients also received an 1MSTS on the same day.ResultsWe found 22 (44.0%) patients with normal exercise capacity and 28 (56.0%) patients with limited exercise performance. In this sample, mean 1MSTS repetitions were 27.1 (7.1) and 25.2 (8.7), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups for repetition and Borg Scale end test. The correlation between V'O2max measured during the exercise test and 1MSTS repetitions displayed a positive slope [r = 0.401 (95% CI 0.114–625)].ConclusionThis study demonstrated a moderate relationship between 1MSTS and V'O2max for patients with chronic disease. 1MSTS did not permit the precise determination of physical activity capacities in this sample.
Analysis of the Application Effect of PDCA Cycle Management Combined With Risk Factor Management Nursing for Reducing Infection Rate in Operating Room
Authors: Chen Hong , Wang Ping , Ji Qi 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo explore the application effect of plan-do-check-action (PDCA) cycle management combined with risk factor management nursing in an operating room.MethodsA total of 150 surgical patients in our hospital from November 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the conventional group, and 150 surgical patients in our hospital from March 2021 to June 2021 were selected as the research group. The conventional group implemented routine infection management, and the research group implemented PDCA cycle management combined with risk factor management. Detection of pathogenic bacteria, incidence of incision infection, infection control, occurrence of irregular events, and nursing quality in the operating room were observed in the two groups.ResultsThe detection rate of Gram-negative bacillus and Gram-positive cocci, infection rate of incision, and total incidence of irregular events in the research group were lower than those in the conventional group (P &lt; 0.05). The qualified rate of disinfection of object surface, hands of medical staff and air, and nursing quality scores in the research group were higher than those in the conventional group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionPlan-do-check-action (PDCA) cycle management combined with risk factor management nursing can reduce the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria and infection rate of incision in the operating room, reduce the incidence of irregular events, improve the qualified rate of disinfection, and greatly improve the quality of nursing, which can be considered to be widely used in clinical practice.
In Vitro Pharmacological Screening of Essential Oils from Baccharis parvidentata and Lippia origanoides Growing in Brazil
Authors: Perera Wilmer H. , Scherbakov Alexander M. , Buravchenko Galina I. , Mikhaevich Ekaterina I. , Leitão Suzana Guimarães , Cos Paul , Shchekotikhin Andrey E. , Monzote Lianet , Setzer William N. 
Published: March 2022

In this study, the in vitro antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of essential oil from Baccharis parvidentata Malag. (EO-Bp) and Lippia origanoides Kunth (EO-Lo) were explored. The relevant effects were observed against the parasitic protozoans Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania amazonensis (ranging 0.6 to 39.7 µg/mL) and malignant MCF-7, MCF-7/HT, 22Rv1, and A431 cell lines (ranging 6.1 to 31.5 µg/mL). In parallel, EO-Bp showed better selective indexes in comparison with EO-Lo against peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice and MRC-5 cell line. In conclusion, EO-Lo is known to show a wide range of health benefits that could be added as another potential use of this oil with the current study. In the case of EO-Bp, the wide spectrum of its activities against protozoal parasites and malignant cells, as well as its selectivity in comparison with non-malignant cells, could suggest an interesting candidate for further tests as a new therapeutic alternative.
Use of Electroencephalography in Evaluation of Central Nervous System State in Children Born on Different Gestational Terms
Authors: Шалькевич Л.В. , Жевнеронок И.В. , Хорликова О.Н. 
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается возможность использования электроэнцефалографии в оценке состояния центральной нервной системы у доношенных и недоношенных детей в норме и патологии. Отмечено, что с прогностической точки зрения значение имеет оценка биоэлектрической активности, сделанная на основе множественных записей независимо от состояния здоровья ребенка и периода болезни. Использование дополнительных методик, таких как длительное ЭЭГ-мониторирование, амплитудно-интегрированная ЭЭГ, вызванные потенциалы, повышает прогностическую значимость ЭЭГ. Сделанный на основе анализа ЭЭГ прогноз развития недоношенных детей, родившихся на сроке гестации более 32 недель, сопоставим с доношенными детьми. У детей, рожденных в сроке до 32 недель, только выраженные изменения ЭЭГ («вспышка – угнетение», изоэлектрическая кривая и др.) имеют ценность в этом отношении.
In the article we explore possibility of electroencephalography use in evaluation of central nervous system state in full-term and premature children with and without pathologies. It is noted that from prognostic point of view evaluation of bioelectric activity is significant based on multiple recordings irrespective of health state and disease period. Use of such additional methods such as long-term EEG monitoring, amplitude integrated EEG, evoked potentials increase the prognostic meaning of EEG. The prognosis of development of premature babies born at gestation term more than 32 weeks, made at the basis of EEG analysis is comparable with that for full-term babies. In this respect for children born before 32 weeks term only expressed changes on EEG («burst-suppression», isoelectric curve etc.) are valuable.
Antipsychotic-Induced Hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Евсегнеев Р.А. 
Published: March 2022

В статье обсуждаются история вопроса и современные сведения о частоте, симптоматике и осложнениях гиперпролактинемии, возникающей вследствие лечения антипсихотиками. Приведены данные в отношении различных препаратов-антипсихотиков, влияния этого осложнения на комплайенс. Приведены сведения о раннем выявлении, выборе антипсихотика и путях коррекции гиперпролактинемии в ходе антипсихотического лечения. Обсуждена ситуация в отечественной психиатрической практике.
The article presents historical background and some modern information about the frequency, symptoms and complications of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. The data regarding prolactogen activity of different antipsychotics and its influence on compliance are discussed. Some data regarding early detection, choice of antipsychotics, and methods of correction of hyperprolactinemia during the course of antipsychotic therapy are presented. The actual situation in domestic routine practice is also discussed.
Lungs Ultrasound in Case of COVID-19: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Голубовская О.А. , Кондратюк Л.А. , Пронюк К.Е. 
Published: March 2022

Возможность исследования легких с помощью ультразвука у постели пациента набирает популярность в современной практике неотложной ультразвуковой диагностики в клинике инфекционных заболеваний у пациентов с пневмонией, вызванной COVID-19.УЗИ легких у этой категории лиц дает возможность быстрого обследования пациентов с поражениями легких, дифференцируя при этом признаки интерстициального и альвеолярного повреждения, наличие плеврального выпота, его количество, а также оценивать динамику развития патологического процесса в легких. Поэтому следует рассмотреть внесение УЗИ легких в протокол исследования пациентов с COVID-19, которые находятся на стационарном лечении при поступлении, и отслеживания динамики течения заболевания.
Nowadays the possibility of lungs ultrasound is gaining popularity in practice of emergency ultrasound diagnostics at ID department in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Lungs ultrasound in these patients makes possible of quickly examination of the patients with differentiating the signs of interstitial and alveolar damage, presence of pleural effusion, its amount, and also to assess the dynamics of pathological process in lungs. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the introduction of lungs ultrasound into examination protocol of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia upon admission at inpatient department and during observation the course of the disease.