bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxygenation Severity Categories and Long-Term Quality of Life among Children who Survive Septic Shock
Authors: Kohne Joseph G. , Carlton Erin F. , Gorga Stephen M. , Gebremariam Acham , Quasney Michael W. , Zimmerman Jerry , Reeves Sarah L. , Barbaro Ryan P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to test whether early oxygenation failure severity categories (absent/mild/moderate/severe) were associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL) deterioration among children who survived sepsis-related acute respiratory failure.
Methods We performed a secondary analysis of a study of community-acquired pediatric septic shock, Life After Pediatric Sepsis Evaluation. The primary outcome was an adjusted decline in HRQL ≥ 25% below baseline as assessed 3 months following admission. Logistic regression models were built to test the association of early oxygenation failure including covariates of age and nonrespiratory Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score. Secondarily, we tested if there was an adjusted decline in HRQL at 6 and 12 months and functional status at 28 days.
Results We identified 291 children who survived to discharge and underwent invasive ventilation. Of those, that 21% (61/291) had mild oxygenation failure, 20% (58/291) had moderate, and 17% (50/291) had severe oxygenation failure. Fifteen percent of children exhibited a decline in HRQL of at least 25% from their baseline at the 3-month follow-up time point. We did not identify an association between the adjusted severity of oxygenation failure and decline in HRQL ≥ 25% at 3-, 6-, or 12-month follow-up. Children with oxygenation failure were more likely to exhibit a decline in functional status from baseline to hospital discharge, but results were similar across severity categories.
Conclusion Our findings that children of all oxygenation categories are at risk of HRQL decline suggest that those with mild lung injury should not be excluded from comprehensive follow-up, but more work is needed to identify those at the highest risk.
Diagnosis and Management of New-Onset Central Diabetes Insipidus in Critically Ill Children Varies between Pediatric Critical Care Medicine and Pediatric Endocrinology Clinicians
Authors: Hunter R. Brandon , Guzman Herodes , Winters Jessica , Lord Katherine , Kirschen Matthew , Srinivasan Vijay 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis and management of central diabetes insipidus in critically ill children is not standardized. Our objective was to characterize differences between Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) and Pediatric Endocrinology (PE) clinicians in the diagnosis and management of new-onset CDI in the pediatric intensive care unit. We also sought to characterize knowledge gaps among general pediatrics (GP) residents. This is a scenario-based survey to assess patterns of diagnosis and management of new-onset CDI that was distributed to PCCM, PE, and GP clinicians who work in a quaternary care urban children's hospital. Of 275 PCCM, PE, and GP clinicians surveyed, 158 (57%) responded. More PCCM than PE clinicians relied on serum sodium levels (96 vs. 75%, p <0.01) and more PE than PCCM clinicians relied on serum osmolality (91 vs. 40%, p < .001) for diagnosis. Fewer PCCM than PE clinicians favored restricting IV fluids to two-thirds maintenance rate (4 vs. 37%, p <0.001). More PCCM than PE clinicians favored a starting dose of 0.5 milli-units/kg/h for IV vasopressin infusion (76 vs. 53%, p = 0.048). More PCCM clinicians than PE clinicians favored titrating the IV vasopressin infusion every 20 minutes (24 vs. 2%, p = 0.02), whereas more PE clinicians than PCCM clinicians favored titration every 60 minutes (38 vs. 14%, p = 0.03). GP residents earlier in training had greater self-reported gaps in knowledge. We observed substantial variability in the diagnosis and management of new-onset CDI in critically ill children among PCCM, PE, and GP clinicians. There is a need for greater standardization in care of these patients.
Insider-outsider: Methodological reflections on collaborative intercultural research
Authors: Liu Xu , Burnett David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith the development of globalization and the mobility of academics, there is an increasing opportunity for cooperation in intercultural research. This however raises questions about the advantages and disadvantages of being a cultural insider and outsider in such an endeavour. This paper considers the methodological complexities of intercultural research revealed during the collaborative research undertaken in rural China by the two authors, one English and one Chinese. Questions emerged about how to maintain objectivity, integrity, and confidentiality within intercultural settings. As such, it provides many useful insights for researchers carrying out collaborative research in intercultural settings, whether as an insider or outsider. This study also contributes to the English literature on methodological studies in rural China.
A linear seesaw model with A
4-modular flavor and local U(1)
B-L
symmetries
Authors: Nomura Takaaki , Okada Hiroshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

We discuss a linear seesaw model with local U(1)
B-L
and modular A
4 symmetries.
The neutrino mass matrix for linear seesaw mechanism is realized by U(1)
B-L
charge assignment and the nature of modular A
4 symmetry.
We formulate neutrino mass and carry out numerical χ square analysis showing some predictions for observables in neutrino sector.
Modelling of one-bit Arithmetic Logic Circuit using silicon micro-ring resonator
Authors: Hossain M , Singh M P , Rakshit J K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
All-optical technology overcomes the problems that arise in traditional digital circuits such as speed limitation, energy consumption and size. In this manuscript, we have implemented a one-bit arithmetic logic circuit employing all-optical silicon micro-ring resonator that utilizes the advantages over other all-optical techniques. The Arithmetic logic circuit is the core component of ultra-fast combinational circuits. The proposed arithmetic logic circuit is validated through MATLAB at about 260 Gbps. Performance of our design has been investigated by numerical simulation. The critical parameters of MRR are optimized on the basis of performance metrics.
Detection of haemoglobin concentration in blood samples using nanophotonic biosensor
Authors: Dinodiya S , Suthar B , Bhargava A 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA biosensor device using one dimensional photonic crystal is designed for monitoring haemoglobin concentration in blood. Using the transfer matrix approach, the transmission spectra of a multilayered crystal structure (AB)7/ADA/(BA)7is calculated. GaN is utilised as a media with a high refractive index (A), whereas air (B) is employed as a medium with a low refractive index. Here, defect layer (D) is chosen as blood sample. A resonant peak within photonic band gap can be shifted by a change in haemoglobin concentration in transmission spectrum. The sensor has the values of sensitivity, quality factor, figure of merit and detection limit as 439 nm/RIU, ~4.91×105, ~3.29×105/RIU and ~ 3.03 ×10-7RIU respectively.
Performance Investigation of WDM based hybrid RF-FSO Link with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles based Optical Relays
Authors: Verma Deepika , Bosu Rahul , Prince Shanthi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the design of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) based hybrid radio frequency-free space optical communication (RF-FSOC) system for high data rate transmission in the scenarios where the direct line-of-sight (LOS) view between the end-to-end communication nodes is unavailable. As such, a simulation model of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based parallel relaying mechanism incorporating amplify and reflection (AR) technique is presented for establishing a point-to-point FSOC link between UAV and ground base station. Furthermore, the power spectral characteristics of the WDM optical signals modulated by 8-PAM signalling scheme at the transmitter node of the proposed model is simulated and analysed in the Optisystem 16. The simulation results illustrate that the overall link length of the proposed UAV based hybrid system with 1 Gbps data rate and transmitted beam divergence angle of 10 mrad extends upto a maximum range of 200 m in light fog condition.
NABILD: Noise And Blur Invariant Local Descriptor for Face Recognition
Authors: Karanwal Shekhar , Diwakar Manoj 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Most of the existing local descriptors unable to perform well in front of noise and blur variations. Additionally there are very less descriptors persist in literature which are noise and blur invariant. To remedy this challenge the proposed work launch novel descriptor under noise and blur changes so-called Noise and Blur Invariant Local Descriptor (NABILD). With respect to two artificial noises i.e. Gaussian White Noise (GWN) and Salt & Pepper Noise (SPN) with artificial image blurring, the NABILD is introduced. Precisely NABILD takes essentials of two well performed descriptors with respect to noise and blur variations. The first one is Median Robust Extended LBP based on Neighborhood Intensity (MRELBP-NI) and second one is Multiscale Local Phase Quantization (MLPQ). MRELBP-NI is very effective in controlling GWN and SPN due to the capturing of microstructure and macrostructure information. LPQ is the efficient blur invariant descriptor as it quantizes the phase. By considering the merits of both of these descriptors their features are integrated into one framework called as NABILD. To lower down the feature dimension FLDA is deployed and classification is conducted by SVMs. Experiments on ORL face dataset confirm strength of NABILD against other tested descriptors in noise and blur variations. Various literature methods are also outclassed by NABILD.
Glaucoma Retinal Image Detection and Classification using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Latha G , Aruna Priya P 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The diseases correlated with retina are categorized into Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and Glaucoma. Glaucoma is irreversible and one of the leading causes of blindness and it is very important to detect in its early stage because late diagnose will result in permanent vision loss. It is mainly characterized by the malfunctioning of ganglion cells, which changes the structure of the optic nerve head and thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer. Therefore, it is very important to detect the Glaucoma in order to prevent earlier vision loss. In this paper, the Glaucoma disease is detected using various machine learning classification algorithms Support Vector Machine (SVM), Neural Network (NN) and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) classifiers. These classifiers are used to classify the source retinal image into either normal or abnormal. The proposed methods are applied and tested on the retinal images which are available from Retinal fundus images for Glaucoma Analysis (RIGA) and High-Resolution Fundus (HRF) dataset. The Glaucoma detection method using ANFIS classifier obtains 97.2% of Precision, 97.3% of Recall and 97.1% Accuracy.
Performance Analysis of CZTSe Kesterite Solar Cell by Adding CZTSSe as BSF Layer
Authors: Benisha Chris A , Pisupati Sricharan , Routray Soumyaranjan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Kesterite are chalcogenide materials which is popular for its inexpensive, environment friendly and whose elements are abundantly available. However, its efficiency is less than 12% as it processes high recombination rate. To boost the efficiency of CZTSe kesterite solar cell use of tunable bandgap material CZTSSe as back surface field layer (BSF) prevent the material from these problems. In this analysis, the novel configuration: Mo/CZTSSe/CZTSe/CdS/ZnO/AZO influence of varying compositions S and Se and their parameters are analyzed. The Efficiency, J
sc
and V
oc
of the optimized solar cell is investigated to be 33.83%, 56.29(mA/cm2) and 0.689(V) respectively.
Design of High speed Multiplier using Input Scrambled 5-3 compressor for Error Tolerant image processing
Authors: Maria Dominic Savio M. , Deepa T. , Divya Dharshini P , Sonali K. , Singh Ojaswita 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The imprecise multiplier has received a lot of attention for many high-performance systems used today such as in Image Processing, Microprocessors where multiplication is one of the fundamental operations. In order to shorten the reduction stages of imprecise multiplier which is essential for reducing the critical path delay, complexity and power consumption, higher compressor adders are employed. In this paper, a novel comparison technique for approximation is implemented using a 5:3 compressor which is area, power, and delay efficient. This compressor is used for developing an 8x8 multiplier. Then the proposed 8x8 multiplier and the existing multiplies are compared for various factors including the evaluation analysis of error rate (ER) and normalised error distance (NED). When compared to existing designs, the proposed 5:3 compressor has a better delay of 18%. After image multiplication, the recommended multiplier is utilised to compare PSNR.
A Low-Cost Portable Ventilator Using IoT
Authors: Lakshmi Prabha P , Atluri Kavya , Varughese Nikhil , Roopesh R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The demand of ventilators has been increasing dramatically from the past few years due to the spike in the COVID-19 cases globally. Around the World, the abscence of availability of ventilators have taken a lot of lives in just the past couple of years. The use of ventilators has been proven to be helpful from preventing the danger of lung harm through low- quantity airflow and helps us to get the adequate amount of influx of pure air. The ventilators available are expensive and scarce in supply. They are heavy and would normally weigh around 7 to 8 kgs, which makes it inconvenient to carry from place to place due to its enormous size. Our project aims at developing a smart ventilator system using a microcontroller board and sensors based on Internet of Things (IOT). The smart ventilator will be portable and very light in weight, which makes it handy to use and requires no additional expertise to handle it. The usage of the high torque motor enables us to change the pressure as per the requirement. The sensors used collects the temperature and the Pulse oximetry levels and the same is updated on the LCD display.
The Next level of Security Scalable Solution Blockchain (SSSB) in Satellite Communication System
Authors: Sriman B , Sujan Kandregula Venkat Sai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Data security is one of the topmost priorities for government organisations and multinational companies. In particular, extremely sensitive data is regularly transferred between different branches of the government and the military. Hacking and interruption of data transmission of such high-level data transfers can pose a huge risk to the security of a country and to its integrity as well. The method that the article proposes has been implemented on a smaller scale for cryptocurrency transactions by the organisation “Blockstream”. This study serves the purpose of exploring a new use case of blockchain technology using satellite communication in order to establish an extremely secure and very high-speed data transmission connection between two parties. In this idea, the required sensitive data that is to be transferred to another party, sends the data through blockchain method of data transfer. This data is sent to the satellite where the satellite behaves as a node of data transmission in this blockchain connection and the private key is also encoded into the satellite software making it impossible in attempting to hack the encryption of the private key. When the satellite receives this data, it verifies the authenticity of the sender and analyses the encryption of the data. Then this data will be transmitted to its designated receiver. Once the data is received, it will be converted from blockchain to the regular data packets and the information can be shared within its local network. In this article, we explore further about the technology that’s being used to implement the connection from about the technology that’s being used to implement the connection from the ground station to the satellite via blockchain in the present day. The results produced by this article will help in attaining uncompromising security and speed of data transmission which will put an end to the tensions faced by higher authorities while sharing highly classified data.
Scintillation properties of ((CH3)4N)3BiCl6 as a novel lead-free perovskite halide crystal
Authors: Subagyo Riki , Arramel  , Diguna Lina Jaya , Ivansyah Atthar Luqman , Witkowski Marcin Eugeniusz , Makowski Michal , Kowal Dominik , Drozdowski Winicjusz , Birowosuto Muhammad Danang , Kusumawati Yuly 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (2D-HOIPs) possess intriguing structural properties which makes them promising materials for diverse optical, electronic and scintillation applications. Recently, several classes of hybrid perovskites exhibit potential candidate for radiation detection. However, the scintillation properties of corrugated-type 2D-HOIPs have not been studied so far. In this work, we investigate the scintillation performance of bismuth chloride ((CH3)4N)3BiCl6 perovskites for the lead-free candidate. No strong RL intensity at room temperature is observed due to a strong thermal quenching. A small negative thermal quenching is also observed, which infer the presence of trap states characterized by two activation energies:

E

1

= 25.71 meV and

E

2

= 129.27 meV. In addition, low temperature afterglow of ((CH3)4N)3BiCl6 at 10 K is estimated to be 70 s (14.5%) and 1200 s (85.5%). In low temperature thermoluminescence ((CH3)4N)3BiCl6 exhibits a broad band, which is attributed to a quasi-continuous distribution of shallow traps. All these results shed some light on the fundamentals of scintillation properties of bismuth-based perovskites.
A subpolar-focused stratospheric aerosol injection deployment scenario
Authors: Smith Wake , Bhattarai Umang , MacMartin Douglas G , Lee Walker Raymond , Visioni Daniele , Kravitz Ben , Rice Christian V 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) is a prospective climate intervention technology that would seek to abate climate change by deflecting back into space a small fraction of the incoming solar radiation. While most consideration given to SAI assumes a global intervention, this paper considers an alternative scenario whereby SAI might be deployed only in the subpolar regions. Subpolar deployment would quickly envelope the poles as well and could arrest or reverse ice and permafrost melt at high latitudes. This would yield global benefit by retarding sea level rise. Given that effective SAI deployment could be achieved at much lower altitudes in these regions than would be required in the tropics, it is commonly assumed that subpolar deployment would present fewer aeronautical challenges. An SAI deployment intended to reduce average surface temperatures in both the Arctic and Antarctic regions by 2 °C is deemed here to be feasible at relatively low cost with conventional technologies. However, we do not find that such a deployment could be undertaken with a small fleet of pre-existing aircraft, nor that relegating such a program to these sparsely populated regions would obviate the myriad governance challenges that would confront any such deployment. Nevertheless, given its feasibility and potential global benefit, the prospect of subpolar-focused SAI warrants greater attention.
Decreased Human Immunodeficiency Virus Diagnosis Rates Among Black and Hispanic or Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men in US Jurisdictions Supported by the THRIVE Demonstration Project, 2014–2019
Authors: Iqbal Kashif , Dong Xueyuan , Zhu Weiming , Wiener Jeffrey , Dominguez Kenneth L , Tanner Mary R , Kourtis Athena P , Singh Sonia , Hoover Karen W 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Black and Hispanic/Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In the Targeted Highly Effective Interventions to Reverse the HIV Epidemic (THRIVE) demonstration project, 7 community collaboratives were developed to provide comprehensive HIV prevention services for these populations.

Methods
We analyzed National HIV Surveillance System data to determine the number of HIV diagnoses for each year from 2014 to 2019 among Black, Hispanic/Latino, and White MSM in 7 THRIVE-eligible Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) that were awarded funding and 12 THRIVE-eligible MSAs that were not awarded funding. We used generalized linear Poisson regression models to estimate adjusted estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) with 95% confidence intervals for HIV diagnosis rates controlling for HIV prevalence, viral suppression, HIV testing rates, preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) prescription rates, poverty, education, and insurance status.

Results
We found larger estimated decreases in HIV diagnosis rates in THRIVE jurisdictions compared with non-THRIVE jurisdictions. The adjusted EAPC among Black MSM was −8.2 (−11.7 to −4.6) in THRIVE MSAs compared with −4.2 (−7.8 to −0.4) in non-THRIVE MSAs. The adjusted EAPC among Hispanic/Latino MSM was −8.6 (−12.2 to −4.8) in THRIVE MSAs compared with −2.6 (−5.1 to −0.1)in non-THRIVE MSAs. The adjusted EAPC among White MSM was −7.6 (−12.0 to −3.1) in THRIVE MSAs compared with 5.9 (1.8-10.1) in non-THRIVE MSAs.

Conclusions
The THRIVE community collaborative model was associated with a decrease in HIV diagnoses among Black and Hispanic/Latino MSM. To achieve the goals of the US Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative, effective interventions aimed to increase PrEP use need to be focused on Black and Hispanic/Latino MSM.
Case report on right ventricular mural endocarditis, not diagnosed clinically, but histopathologically after cardiac surgery
Authors: Diaz-Navarro Rienzi A , Kerkhof Peter L M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Right ventricular mural endocarditis (RVME) is an extremely rare type of infective endocarditis that can occur even in the absence of predisposing factors. The diagnosis is a challenge when no causative pathogen can be detected.

Case summary
A previously healthy young man was admitted to a local hospital with a diagnosis of prolonged febrile syndrome and treated for acute sinusitis. As complaints returned, he was hospitalized 3 weeks later, where an echocardiogram demonstrated multiple mobile masses in the right ventricle, and a computed tomography scan revealed extensive pulmonary thromboembolism. During surgery, the endocardial masses were excised, and the pathologist considered an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. Despite appropriate medication and initial improvements, the complaints persisted, and 2 weeks after the surgery, the patient returned to the hospital. Imaging studies documented reappearance to the previous findings, whereas blood cultures remained negative. During the second surgery, the new masses resembling vegetations were excised, and histologic analysis indicated infective endocarditis. Adjusted medication was given for 30 days. Just before discharge, no vegetations were seen. At follow-up, 5 years later, he was in a healthy condition.

Discussion
Despite careful examinations, initial treatments according to standard protocols were unsuccessful. At final discharge, the patient reported that a tattoo complication prior to the first hospitalization was treated by antibiotics but that he did not complete the course. This omission in the communication further complicated the diagnostic and management processes, leading to surgical interventions that could have been prevented if the neglected antibiotic course was properly disclosed.