bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there a relation between stromal-derived factor 1 polymorphism and ITP chronicity in Egyptian children?
Authors: Hassab Hoda , Mohamed Azza , Saied Marwa H. , Hassanein Nehad 
Published: November 2022

Background
Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most frequent hemorrhagic disease of childhood. It is an autoimmune disease characterized by abnormally increased destruction of platelets and decreased production of megakaryocytes. Stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) plays a role in megakaryopoiesis and may be involved in the pathogenesis of ITP.

Aim
The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of SDF-1 gene rs2297630 A&z.urule;G in children with ITP and its relation to chronicity.

Participants and methods
SNP of the SDF-1 gene (rs2297630) was assessed in 100 ITP children: 50 chronic and 50 nonchronic ITP children (acute and persistent) attending Alexandria University Children’s Hospital in Egypt and in 50 healthy controls of matched age and sex. The genotype was analyzed by PCR after DNA extraction from peripheral blood samples and confirmed by direct sequencing.

Results
In this study, analysis of the relationship between SDF-1 polymorphisms and clinical features showed that Rs2297630 A/G is not associated with protection from chronicity or steroid dependence in the studied patients [(χ
2=0.0, P=1.0) and (P=0.21)]. respectively

Conclusions
ITP is not uncommon in Egyptian children and has a great financial and psychosocial burden on our community. AG genotype of the SNP (rs2297630) of the SDF gene has no significant relation to ITP chronicity or steroid dependence in the studied groups.
Assessment of plasma level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with sickle cell disease and its relationship to myocardial iron overload
Authors: Badr Mohamed , Hassan Tamer , Shehab M. , Raafat Nermin , Hanna Diana 
Published: November 2022

Background
Cardiac iron overload is secondary to chronic blood transfusion in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Iron overload cardiomyopathy is a restrictive cardiomyopathy associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases responsible for tissue remodeling. Many studies offer strong evidence for the role of MMP-9 in left ventricular (LV) remodeling.

Objective
The authors aimed to detect the plasma levels of MMP-9 in patients with SCD and its relationship to myocardial iron overload.

Materials and methods
A case–control study was carried out on 75 patients with SCD and 75 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. Assessment of cardiac iron overload in patients by MRI T2* was performed. Plasma MMP-9 levels were measured for patients and controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Patients with SCD had significantly higher levels of MMP-9 than controls. There was a highly significant relationship between plasma levels of MMP-9 and each of cardiac T2* and serum ferritin. Patients with vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) greater than 5/year had significantly higher levels of MMP-9 than those with VOC less than or equal to 5 /year.

Conclusion
MMP-9 seems to be a useful marker in patients with SCD. Patients with cardiac T2* less than 20 ms, serum ferritin greater than 1000 ng/ml, and recurrent VOC greater than 5/year had significantly higher MMP-9 serum levels than others.
Effectiveness of Moral Development Program for High School Adolescents in South India
Authors: Bisani Shoba , Jagannathan Aarti 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Adolescence is a phase where one attempts to gain clarity on strengths, weakness, and resources. This article aims to test the effectiveness of a culturally sensitive moral development program for high school adolescents in South India.

Methods:
One hundred and twenty English-speaking adolescents, aged 14–17 years, were provided a 3-week program titled “Infini14,” a moral development program. The adolescents were divided into 3 groups of 40 each matched on age, gender, and education: (1) Infini14, (2) growth magazine and videos, and (3) control group. All adolescents were assessed at baseline; at the end of the 3 weeks; and at the end of the 3 months on variables of self-esteem, food habits, coping, and personality.

Results:
Repeated measures analysis of variance showed a significant improvement in self-esteem, food habits, positive coping, negative coping, and personality over the period of 3 months in the intervention group as compared to the other two groups. Bivariate correlation at baseline depicted that the duration of following a spiritual and/or religious path was significantly positively correlated with self-esteem; the age of the adolescents was negatively correlated and parents' education was positively correlated with their food habits.

Conclusions:
“Infini14” is an effective program for adolescents to develop self-esteem, coping skills, health, and personality.
Sepsis Screening of Neonatal Abdominal Surgery and Its Outcomes
Authors: Kumar Ritesh , Addagatla Rajasekhar , Jaglan Sandeep Kumar , Divya Gali , Jaju Rishabh , Debnath Pinaki Ranjan , Sen Amita , Shah Shalu 
Published: November 2022

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the early indicators of sepsis (sepsis screening) and their statistical correlation with sepsis in neonatal abdominal surgery.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study was performed on thirty consecutive neonate cases aged between 0 and 28 days with surgical abdomen at the Paediatric Surgery Department, ABVIMS and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi. The study duration was 18 months. Septic screening was done in all neonates on day 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of surgery with serum procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, total leukocyte count, immature/total neutrophil ratio, and microerythrocyte sedimentation rate. A septic screening-positive patient (three or more positive parameters out of five) was correlated with sepsis and analysis was done.

Results:
A total of 30 neonates of abdominal surgical cases were included consequently, out of which 56.7% (n = 17) were male and 43.3% (n = 13) were female. Maximum cases were of congenital diaphragmatic hernia 20% (n = 6) and then anorectal malformation 16.7% (n = 5). About 70% of neonates were sepsis screening positive. Fifty percentage of neonates were diagnosed to have sepsis on the clinical or laboratory findings, so sensitivity and specificity of sepsis screening were 93.33% and 40%, respectively. There was total 30% mortality in this study.

Conclusion:
Sepsis screening is an early marker of sepsis, which can be used to help in early detection of neonatal surgical sepsis and timely intervention that can lead to decrease mortality and morbidity in neonatal surgery.
Outcome of Tapering Enteroplasty in Managing Jejunoileal Atresia
Authors: Aboalazayem Abeer , Ragab Moutaz , Magdy Abdelaziz , Bahaaeldin Khaled , Shalaby Aly 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Jejunoileal atresia (JIA) represents a common cause of neonatal bowel obstruction. There is a discrepancy between the diameters of the proximal and the distal bowel loops and this is managed with excision or tapering of the dilated proximal bowel loop. We aim primarily to evaluate the outcome of tapering enteroplasty (TE) in managing JIA and secondarily to compare the outcome of TE to non-TE.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of records of all neonatal admissions with JIA from January 2017 to December 2018 at a tertiary university children's hospital. Type and location of atresia, time to full enteral feeds, length of stay (LOS), complications, and outcome were assessed in TE and non-TE groups.

Results:
Forty-one patients were included in the study; 29 (70.7%) cases had jejunal atresia and 12 (29.3%) had ileal atresia. Seventeen (41.4%) patients had TE. The median days to full feeds was 19; 28 in the TE group versus 16 in the non-TE group (P = 0.022). Four (9.7%) cases needed a re-exploration because of failure to start feeds; all in the non-TE group. The median LOS was 33 days for TE versus 22 days for non-TE (P = 0.101). Twenty-one cases (51.2%) developed a wound infection and showed a significantly longer median LOS of 29.5 versus 19 days (P = 0.019). Mortality was 7 (17.1%).

Conclusions:
TE did not show a superior outcome when compared to resection of the dilated bowel. It was associated with longer time to reach full enteral nutrition and longer LOS.
MTHFR C677T and MTR A2756G Gene Polymorphism in Neural Tube Defect Patients and Its Association with Red Blood Cell Folate Level in Eastern Indian Population
Authors: Kumari Rekha , Kumar Santosh , Thakur Vinit Kumar , Singh Kalpana , Kumar Uday 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a single-nucleotide change in a deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) sequence that occurs in >1% of population. Methylene tetra hydro folate reductase (MTHFR) C677T (rs1801133) and methionine synthase enzyme (MTR) A2756G (rs1805087) are two such SNPs occurring in coding sequence of the respective genes, which are frequently seen with neural tube defects (NTDs). MTHFR and MTR genes are involved in folate metabolism. The folate level in the course of pregnancy is treated as vital in the etiopathogenesis of NTDs. This study aims to explore the association of SNPs of both genes and red blood cell (RBC) folate levels in the predisposition to NTDs.

Aims and Objective:
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship of NTDs with polymorphisms in MTHFR and MTR genotype and to estimate and compare the RBC folate levels in NTD patients and controls.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 397 individuals were enrolled (163 patients and 234 controls) for this observational study. Genotyping to find out MTHFR C677T and MTR A2756G was performed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism technique from DNA extracted from the subject's blood. RBC folate level was estimated by chemiluminescence immunoassay method with the same blood sample.

Results:
The total RBC folate levels were significantly less among cases compared to controls (P = 0.020). A significant difference for RBC folate was observed between case and control groups of various genotypes of MTHFR C677T, except heterozygote CT (P = 0.459). Among MTR A2756G, genotypes with only homozygous AA have significant difference (P = 0.003) for RBC folate levels. Among different types of NTDs, there were no significant differences for RBC folate levels. Among MTHFR C677T, T allele possessed 1.9 times risk compared to C allele for the occurrence of NTDs. In MTR A2756G polymorphism, the odds of developing NTDs were 1.6 times in heterozygous AG compared to homozygous AA. Similarly, the risk for NTDs was three times higher in subjects with both heterozygous AG and CT genotypes compared to wild-type homozygous AA and CC genotypes.

Conclusion:
The total RBC folate levels were significantly less among cases compared to controls, and the genotypes had no such effect in decrease in RBC folate levels. The presence of mutant allele in homozygous or heterozygous condition for both SNPs had increased risk associated with NTDs.
Complications and Management of Retained Double-J Stents in Children During the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic
Authors: Divya Gali , Kundal Vijay Kumar , Shah Shalu , Debnath Pinaki Ranjan , Meena Atul Kumar , Sen Amita 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Double-J (DJ) stents were commonly used for internal drainage after major reconstructive procedures or in cases of obstruction and ureteral injuries. They should be removed or changed within the stipulated time; otherwise, they can lead to various complications such as stent occlusion, migration, breakage, encrustation, stone formation at either end of the stent, and entanglement of the two stents if bilateral stenting was done. The present study focuses on the complications and the management due to delay in the removal of the DJ stents due to the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study over a period of 9 months. Children <12 years were included in the study. The patients' demographic data, indication for DJ stenting, time gap between DJ stenting and removal, complication with delay in DJ stent removal, and its management were recorded. Indwelling duration for >4 months was considered a delay in removal. All patients were followed up for 3 months.

Results:
A total of 10 patients were included in the study. Encrustation, proximal migration, distal migration, knotting of the stent, and entanglement of the bilateral stents in the bladder were observed. These complications were managed by various endourological procedures such as ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephroscopic, and cystoscopic removal. During follow-up, all patients were symptom-free.

Conclusion:
Prolonged indwelling stents can cause various complications. Endourological procedures are an essential armamentarium for a pediatric surgeon to manage these complications. Proper patient counseling regarding indwelling stents and maintaining stent registry and sending automatic messages and e-mails to patients may prevent these complications.
Pengaruh Perhatian Orang Tua Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Sianipar Rama Uli , Sidabutar Ropinus , Siregar Golda Novatrasio Sauduran 
Published: November 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh perhatian orang tua terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah ex post facto. Penelitian ex post facto menurut Kerlinger (dalam Danuri & Siti, 2019) adalah penyelidikan empiris yang sistematis dimana peneliti tidak mengendalikan variabel bebas secara langsung, karena variabel tersebut pada dasarnya memang tidak dapat dimanipulasi. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 4 Pematangsiantar tahun pelajaran 2022/2023 sebanyak 355 siswa. Pada pengambilan sampel peneliti menggunakan cluster random sampling pada penelitian ini peneliti mengambil dua kelas yaitu XI PMIA 1 dan kelas XI PMIA 2, jadi total sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 70 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu angket dengan 30 pernyataan tertutup, dengan menggunakan pengukuran skala likert. Setelah dilakukan uji prasyarat, di peroleh kesimpulan bahwa perhatian orang tua berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Dibuktikan dari perhitungan analisis regresi linearitas sederhana dengan nilai dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,00 < 0,005. Sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Pengaruh perhatian orang tua terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa di kelas XI SMA Negeri 4 Pematangsiantar adalah berpengaruh sebesar 76% dan sisanya dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang lain seperti, motivasi belajar, minat belajar, dll.
Understanding Initiation and Evolution of Pitting Corrosion in 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy by Four-Dimensional X-Ray Microtomography
Authors: Sinclair Daniel , Niverty Sridhar , Chawla Nikhilesh 
Published: November 2022

X-ray microcomputed tomography was conducted on an AA7075-T651 sample immersed in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution to provide time-resolved measurements of localized corrosion. A nondestructive, volumetric analysis of pitting sites and local microstructural features followed, and quantitative results were combined with 2D and 3D visualizations. During alternating immersion periods, pitting was initiated at cathodic intermetallic inclusions and continued throughout the study. Rates of pit growth varied as a response to the decoupling of inclusions from the matrix, resulting in a start-and-stop trend that was observed in a significant number of examined sites. When a sample with a higher extent of cold rolling was examined with the same procedure, a finer and more homogeneous distribution of inclusions correlated with an increase in the maximum and mean pit depth. This change was attributed to the more frequent exposure of subsurface inclusions by localized corrosion, a phenomenon that mitigated the passivating effect of decoupling. Additionally, the effects of continuous immersion vs. alternate immersion were examined for metallurgically identical samples. Intermittent drying during the alternate immersion period destabilized the passive layer, increasing mean pit depth, while continuous immersion for 20 d produced a uniform and protective layer of corrosion product.
Initiation of the establishment of a technology business incubator at university for agripreneurship (study case at Bengkulu University, Indonesia)
Authors: Novanda Ridha Rizki 
Published: November 2022

Purpose. This paper aims to analyze aspects related to the establishment of business incubators at Bengkulu University as well as what factors are most expected by students towards the establishment of technology business incubators at this university.
Results. The results of data collection were processed using the partial least square method to analyze aspects related to the establishment of business incubators at Bengkulu University as well as factors are most expected by students towards the formation of technology business incubators at this university. This research show that support variables were found had a significant effect on the initiation of the Technology Business Incubator at Bengkulu University. Support is providing research and business development assistance and access to technology used for students in agripreneurship. Support is the latent variable requested by five manifest variables: (1) access partnership programs from the ministry, (2) professional network access, (3) technology access, (4) access international relations, and (5) job creation.
Scientific novelty. Support variables were found had a significant effect on the initiation of the Technology Business Incubator at Bengkulu University. This research explains a lot about the novelty of the type of establishment of pilot incubators in universities in poor areas.
Practical value. The results are useful in initiating the creation of a business incubator that meets the requirements. The results of this study can be used as a reference in establishing a business incubator at the university level. It is important to ensure access to funding, to professional services, to technology, to international relations, and an understanding of the importance of creating jobs.
On the value of satellite remote sensing to reduce uncertainties of regional simulations of the Colorado River
Authors: Xiao Mu , Mascaro Giuseppe , Wang Zhaocheng , Whitney Kristen M. , Vivoni Enrique R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. As the major water resource in the southwestern United States, the Colorado River is experiencing decreases in naturalized streamflow and is predicted to face severe challenges under future climate scenarios. To better quantify these hydroclimatic changes, it is crucial that the scientific community establishes a reasonably accurate understanding of the spatial patterns associated with the basin hydrologic response. In this study, we employed remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST) and snow cover fraction (SCF) data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to assess a regional hydrological model applied over the Colorado River Basin between 2003 and 2018. Based on the comparison between simulated and observed LST and SCF spatiotemporal patterns, a stepwise strategy was implemented to enhance the model performance. Specifically, we corrected the forcing temperature data, updated the time-varying vegetation parameters, and upgraded the snow-related process physics. Simulated nighttime LST errors were mainly controlled by the forcing temperature, while updated vegetation parameters reduced errors in daytime LST. Snow-related changes produced a good spatial representation of SCF that was consistent with MODIS but degraded the overall streamflow performance. This effort highlights the value of Earth observing satellites and provides a roadmap for building confidence in the spatiotemporal simulations from regional models for assessing the sensitivity of the Colorado River to climate change.
Revisiting large-scale interception patterns constrained by a synthesis of global experimental data
Authors: Zhong Feng , Jiang Shanhu , van Dijk Albert I. J. M. , Ren Liliang , Schellekens Jaap , Miralles Diego G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Rainfall interception loss remains one of the most uncertain fluxes in the global water balance, hindering water management in forested regions and
precluding an accurate formulation in climate models. Here, a synthesis of interception loss data from past field experiments conducted worldwide is
performed, resulting in a meta-analysis comprising 166 forest sites and 17 agricultural plots. This meta-analysis is used to constrain a global
process-based model driven by satellite-observed vegetation dynamics, potential evaporation and precipitation. The model considers sub-grid
heterogeneity and vegetation dynamics and formulates rainfall interception for tall and short vegetation separately. A global, 40-year
(1980–2019), 0.1∘ spatial resolution, daily temporal resolution dataset is created, analysed and validated against in situ data. The
validation shows a good consistency between the modelled interception and field observations over tall vegetation, both in terms of correlations and
bias. While an underestimation is found in short vegetation, the degree to which it responds to in situ representativeness errors and difficulties
inherent to the measurement of interception in short vegetated ecosystems is unclear. Global estimates are compared to existing datasets, showing
overall comparable patterns. According to our findings, global interception averages to 73.81 mm yr−1 or
10.96 × 103 km3 yr−1, accounting for 10.53 % of continental rainfall and approximately 14.06 % of terrestrial
evaporation. The seasonal variability of interception follows the annual cycle of canopy cover, precipitation, and atmospheric demand for
water. Tropical rainforests show low intra-annual vegetation variability, and seasonal patterns are dictated by rainfall. Interception shows a
strong variance among vegetation types and biomes, supported by both the modelling and the meta-analysis of field data. The global synthesis of
field observations and the new global interception dataset will serve as a benchmark for future investigations and facilitate large-scale
hydrological and climate research.
The More-Than-Human Other of Levinas’s Totality & Infinity
Authors: Cook Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Emmanuel Levinas’s writings militate against an ontological way of thinking that he claims dominates the history of European philosophy. In their drive towards truth and knowledge, Levinas argues that thinkers like Kant, Hegel, and Heidegger efface the alterity of the Other, the Other’s “otherness,” by appropriating alterity as a moment of self-consciousness or Being. This ontological thinking, Levinas argues, attempts to violently reduce the unthematizable excess of the Other by systematically assimilating the Other in the concepts of totalizing thought. Levinas articulates his opposition to this tradition at length in Totality & Infinity by insisting upon an irreducible heteronomy: an Other who remains radically outside of any relationship that I might have with them.