bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in Togo, May-June 2021: a cross-sectional, nationally representative, age-stratified serosurvey
Authors: Konu Yao Rodion , Condé Siaka , Gbeasor-Komlanvi Fifonsi A. , Sadio Arnorld Junior , Tchankoni Martin Kouame , Anani Joel , Bitty-Anderson Alexandra , Mirindi Bismwa Ruhana , Diallo Fatoumata Binta Tidiane , Mijiyawa Moustafa , Dagnra Anoumou Claver , Ekouevi Didier Koumavi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The extent of SARS-CoV-2 circulation in African countries is still unclear. seroprevalence studies are a common approach to epidemiological surveillance, allowing estimation of the proportion of people who have had contact with the virus. We aimed at estimating the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and associated factors in Togo at the national level in 2021 according to age groups, gender, and place of residence (rural or urban).Methods: From 15 May to 31 June 2021, we conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional serological survey in 12 health districts (two districts per health region) in the >5 years old population in Togo. The Wantai SARS-CoV-2 total antibody assay S protein receptor-binding domain-based ELISA (Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co.; Beijing, China) was used to determine the presence of SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies in plasma. Crude and weighted seroprevalences were calculated. Finally, logistic regression models were performed in order to describe factors associated. Results: Of the 7593 participants, the overall weighted and adjusted seroprevalence of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 65.5% (CI95%: 18.9 - 21.1). Urban dwellers, young adults (30-49 years) and vaccinated individuals were significantly more likely to be seropositive.Conclusion: The high seroprevalence we observed is consistent with observations across West Africa. Quantification of the level of immunity in the population is needed to know how close we are to herd immunity. In the meantime, vaccination against COVID-19 remains necessary.
E-cigarette Aerosol Condensate leads to Impaired Coronary Endothelial Cell Health and Restricted Angiogenesis
Authors: Chhor Michael , Tulpar Esra , Nguyen Tara , Cranfield Charles , Gorrie Catherine A , Chan Yik Lung , Chen Hui , Oliver Brian G , McClements Lana , McGrath Kristine C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with cigarette smoking being a major preventable risk factor. Smoking cessation can be difficult due to the addictive nature of nicotine and the withdrawal symptoms following cessation. Electronic cigarettes (e-Cigs) have emerged as an alternative smoking cessation device, which has been increasingly used by non-smokers; however, the cardiovascular effects surrounding the use of e-Cigs remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of e-Cig aerosol condensate (EAC) (0mg and 18mg nicotine) in-vitro on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and in-vivo on the cardiovascular system using a mouse model of ‘e-vaping’. The results show a decrease in cell viability of HCAEC when exposed to EAC either directly or after exposure to conditioned lung cell media (p < 0.005). Reactive oxygen species and ICAM-1 expression were increased in HCAEC when exposed to EAC directly (p < 0.0005). ICAM-1 mRNA expression was increased (18mg vs control, p < 0.05), and immunostaining revealed upregulated anti-angiogenic markers, FKBPL, and endothelial cell marker, CD31, in murine hearts following exposure to electronic cigarette aerosol treatment. This study showed that even though e-Cigs are widely used for tobacco smoking cessation, these can negatively impact on endothelial cell health with a potential to lead to the development of cardiovascular disease. This process is visualised in Supplementary File 1.
Site-based comparative analysis of sample collection through direct biopsy and nasal swab collection for early diagnosis of post-COVID rhinomaxillary fungal infection using KOH mounting – A Retrospective Cohort study.
Authors: Agarwal Subham S , Anand Preetha , Rao Santhosh , Galhotra Virat 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
AIM: To perform site-based comparative analysis for samples collected from the nasal region and Oral cavity subjected to microscopic detection of fungal hyphae in KOH mount in a group of patients with rhinomaxillary mucormycosis.Methodology- 40 patients full-filled eligibility criteria. The diagnostic outcome of detection of fungal hyphae from the KOH samples obtained was the primary endpoint of the study. Based on this, the samples were grouped into 3 groups viz- Oral, Nasal and Both. The secondary outcome was to check if there was any diagnostic delay in these three groups of patientsResults: The mean number of days for delayed diagnosis for oral site involvement was 56.33 ± 37.53, for Nasal involvement was 32.86 ± 19.53 and for both oral & nasal involvement was 22.00 ± 12.94. This difference was statistically significant at p=0.03. The mean delay in diagnosis was significantly less when both oral & nasal regions are involved as compared to the only oral region involved at P=0.01.Conclusion- To avoid the chance of delayed diagnosis or false-negative results its best to collect samples from both nasal tissues and the most representative site in the dentoalveolar segment depending on the extensiveness of the disease.
Tunable valley band and exciton splitting by interlayer orbital hybridization
Authors: Zou Xiaolong , Wang Dan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Magnetic proximity effect has been demonstrated to be an effective routine to introduce valley splitting in two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. However, the control of its strength and the induced valley splitting remains challenging. In this work, taking heterobilayers combining monolayer MSe2 (M = Mo or W) with room-temperature ferromagnetic VSe2 as examples, we demonstrate that the valley splitting for both band edges and excitons can be modulated by the tuning of the interlayer orbital hybridization, achieved by inclusion of different amounts of exact Hartree exchange potential via hybrid functionals. The calculations suggest that large valley band splitting about 30 meV and valley exciton splitting over 150 meV can be induced in monolayer MSe2. Besides, we show such tuning of orbital hybridization could be experimentally realized by external strain. Our work reveals a way to control proximity effects and provides some guidance for the design of spintronic and valleytronic devices.
PHLDA1 promotes glioblastoma cell growth via sustaining the activation state of Ras
Authors: Wang Jiutao , Yao Ning , Hu Yamei , Lei Mingjuan , Wang Meixian , Yang Lu , Patel Satyananda , Li Xiang , Liu Kangdong , Dong Zigang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Activation of the Ras signaling pathway promotes the growth of malignant human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Mutations in Ras are rare in GBM, elevated levels of activated Ras are prevalently observed in GBM. However, the potential mechanism of how Ras is activated in GBM remains unclear. In this study, we screened a new interacted protein of Ras, PHLDA1. Our findings confirmed that PHLDA1 acted as an oncogene and promoted GBM progression and recurrence. We demonstrated that PHLDA1 was upregulated in GBM tissues and cells. PHLDA1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and tumor growth. In terms of mechanism, PHLDA1 promoted cell proliferation by regulating Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk signaling pathway. Moreover, Src promotes GTPase activity of Ras via tyrosine 32 phosphorylation. PHLDA1 and Src competed binding with Ras, inhibiting Ras phosphorylation by Src and rescuing Ras activity. This study may provide a new idea of the molecular mechanism underlying glioblastoma progression and a novel potential therapeutic target for the comprehensive glioblastoma treatment.
Homologous recombination deficiency and Cyclin E1 amplification are correlated with immune cell infiltration and survival in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Authors: Wagensveld Lilian Van , Baal Juliette van , Timmermans Maite , Gaillard Duco , Borghuis Lauri , Coffelt Seth , Rosenberg Efraim , Lok CAR , Nijman Hans W. , Kooreman Loes , Sanders Joyce , Bruyn Marco , Wessels Lodewyk , Wiel Rianne van der , Rausch Christian , Broeks Annegien , Kruitwagen Roy , Aa Maaike van der , Sonke Gabe , Schouten Philip , de Vijver Koen Van , Horlings Hugo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
How the tumor’s genetic make up (i.e. molecular profiles) is associated with changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is incompletely understood, while these factors influence survival. To investigate this we analyzed the TME and molecular profiles (homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) amplification) of HGSOC and assessed their associations with each other and overall survival (OS). Patients with advanced-stage HGSOC treated in three Dutch hospitals between 2008-2015 were included. Patient, treatment, and outcome data were collected from medical records. BRCA1/2 mutation, BRCA1 promotor methylation analyses, and copy number variations were used to define five molecular profiles. Immunecell densites were assessed with immunohistochemical staining for T- (CD8 and CD103), B- cells (CD20) and macrophages (CD68). This resulted in the assessability of 348 patients who were categorized as; BRCA mutation or promotor methylation (BRCAm) (30%), non-BRCA mutated HRD (19%), CCNE1-amplification (13%), non-BRCAmut HRD and CCNE1-amplification (double classifier) (20%), and no specific molecular profile (NSMP) (18%). BRCAm tumors showed the highest immune cell densities and CCNE1-amplification the lowest. BRCAm showed the most favorable OS (52.5months), compared to non-BRCAmut HRD (41.0months), CCNE1-amplification (28.0months), double classifier (27.8months), and NSMP (35.4months). CCNE1-amplification and double classifier remained to have a significantly worse OS in multivariable analysis. Higher immune cell densities showed a favorable OS compared to lower densities, also within the molecular profiles. CD8+, CD20+, and CD103+ cells remained associated with OS in multivariable analysis. These results depict that both molecular profiles and TME are associated with OS. Immune composition for lymphocytes and macrophages differ per molecular profile, with higher immune cell densities showing a favorable OS, even within the profiles. HGSOC does not reflect one entity but comprises different variants based on molecular profiles and TME, which ideally is translated into tailored treatment approaches.
Comparative Analysis of Crystallographic Phase Stability of Single and Poly-Crystalline Lead Nitrate at Dynamic Shocked Conditions
Authors: Sivakumar A. , Eniya P. , Dhas S.Sahaya Jude , Kumar Raju Suresh , Almansour Abdulrahman I. , Chakraborty Shubhadip , Sundar J.Kalyana , Dhas Martin Britto 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Over a long time, exploration of the structural stability of single and poly-crystalline materials has been an attractive topic in materials science because it is crucially important to explore the stability of materials whereby it is possible to generate novel structures and identify materials with multifunctional properties. In the present work, we report the crystallographic structural stability of the poly-crystalline lead nitrate samples at shocked conditions with which a systematic comparison is made for the previously reported single-crystalline lead nitrate crystal at shocked conditions. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Raman spectroscopic measurements have been performed to assess the crystallographic structural stability of poly-crystalline Pb(NO3)2 samples at shocked conditions and the observed XRD and Raman results disclose that the title poly-crystalline samples retain the original crystallographic structure even at 100 shocked conditions interacting with the shock waves of 2.2 Mach number. But the single crystals of Pb(NO3)2 undergoes crystalline to amorphous phase transition at shocked conditions. Based on the observed results, poly-crystalline samples have higher-structural stability than that of the single crystals. The outcome of this work provides the glimpses of possible further contributions to crystal engineering for the design of new materials with specific physical and chemical properties as well as understanding the degree of shock resistance of single and polycrystalline materials.
A theoretical and experimental investigation into tool setting induced form error in diamond turning of micro-lens array
Authors: Guo Pan , Li Zhen , Xiong Zhiwen , Zhang Shaojian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Micro-lens array (MLA) has been widely used for 3D imaging etc., due to its excellent functional performances. Ultra-precision diamond turning (UPDT) offers a satisfying solution to the fabrication of micro-lens array with sub-micron form accuracy and nanometric surface roughness. However, the deviation between spindle to tool tip, i.e. tool setting error, is a crucial factor deteriorating form accuracy in UPDT. This study focuses on discussing the effect of tool setting errors on form error in UPDT of MLA. Firstly, a theoretical model was established to analyze the form error of MLA induced by tool setting. Moreover, a new two-step tool setting method was employed for reducing or eliminating the tool setting errors. Finally, experiments were carried out considering the tool setting effect in UPDT of MLA. The results indicated that the proposed tool setting method can achieve a high-precision accuracy and the distribution of form error obtained from experiments was in a good agreement with theoretical model. Significantly, the study draws up an understanding of the tool setting effect on form accuracy in UPDT of MLA with the further improvement.
Evaluation of tibial eminence morphology using coronal MRI scans in juvenile patients with complete discoid lateral meniscus
Authors: Liu Wei , Fu Chunxu , Kang Kai , Huang Teng , Jiang Shigang , Gu Juyuan , Gao Shijun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:Many studies have shown that hypoplasia of knee bone morphology is related to the morphological features of the discoid lateral meniscus (DLM). However, few studies have focused on hypoplasia of tibial eminence morphology in juvenile patients with complete DLM. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between tibial eminence morphology characteristics and complete DLM in juvenile patients. Methods: The DLM group comprised 34 juvenile patients with complete DLM, and the control group comprised 34 juvenile individuals, each with a normal lateral meniscus based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. All parameters, including tibial width (TW), tibial eminence width (TEW), the height of the lateral tibial spine (HLTS), the height of the medial tibial spine (HMTS), lateral slope angle of the lateral tibial eminence (LSALTE), lateral slope angle of the medial tibial eminence (LSAMTE), tibial eminence width ratio (TEWR), height of the lateral tibial spine ratio (HLTSR), and the height of the medial tibial spine ratio (HMTSR), were recorded using coronal MRI scans. Statistical analyses were used to determine the differences between the two groups and whether differences were significant. Results: The TEW and TEWR were significantly greater (P<0.05), and LSALTE and LSAMTE were significantly smaller (P<0.05) in patients in the DLM group than in participants in the control group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that a larger TEW, above 13.4 mm, was associated with complete DLM, with a sensitivity of 77.0% and specificity of 88.2%, and a larger TEWR, above 19.7%, was associated with complete DLM, with a sensitivity of 76.5% and specificity of 91.2%. Conclusions: This study recognized hypoplasia of tibial eminence morphology in juvenile patients with complete DLM using coronal MRI scans. Additionally, TEW and TEWR could help clinicians screen for complete DLM in juvenile patients.
Combining women’s economic empowerment with men’s sensitization on gender: marginal impact on child nutritional status in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Bapolisi Wyvine , Bisimwa Ghislain , Chiribagula Christian , Merten Sonja 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), food insecurity and malnutrition in children under five years of age carry out a great burden. It is estimated that 45 per cent of child mortality in DRC is associated with malnutrition. The ongoing conflict in the Eastern DRC worsens the situation. This study aims to assess the impact of a project combining approaches to increase women’s economic participation through Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLA) and men’s sensitization on gender norms on child nutritional status.Methods: A cohort of 1400 children aged 1-5 years old were followed over a year. Height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height were calculated using WHO Anthro software version 2006. Prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight were calculated before and after intervention and linear regression models were run to assess any impact of the intervention on the WHO child anthropometric measurements.Results: Prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight decreased over the year in intervention and control areas. Severe stunting HAZ went from a 33.4% prevalence (baseline) to 24.9% at the end of the study in the intervention group, while severe wasting (WHZ) decreased from a 2.6% prevalence to 1.1% in the same group. The intervention did not seem to show a statically significant impact on child nutritional parameters (stunting, wasting or underweight). Conclusion: Multi-sectorial approaches are vital in addressing child nutritional problems and a long-term assessment of the impact is needed because the change in anthropometric parameters does not happen in a short period.
Benzoxazole Derivatives: Qsar and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Kumar Ankush , Yadav Suchitra , Singh Amit , Kakkar Saloni , Narasimhan Balasubramanian , Sharma Aastha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The increase of bacterial multidrug resistance, as well as a scarcity of new antibacterial agents, necessitate the research and development of novel antibacterials that escape resistance. The current work employed 46 benzoxazole derivatives to undertake both ligand-based molecular docking and receptor-based quantitative structure activity relationships modelling. On a series of benzoxazole derivatives, a quantitative structure-activity relationship study was first carried out, giving a robust model. According to QSAR models developed, topological parameters, Kier's molecular connectivity indices (1χ, 1χv), and topological indices (R) are mostly relevant for the antimicrobial activity of benzoxazole derivatives. The results of molecular docking revealed that molecules 26, 14, 13, 10 and 3 and Ciprofloxacin had docking score − 6.687, -6.463, -6.414, -6.389, -6.388 and − 6.092 respectively. ADME Analysis results indicated that the compounds (4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 16, 19, 20 showing 1 violation of Lipinski rule of five) all remaining derivatives did not violate any of the Lipinski rule of five and these compounds are selected for further research.
The Ala134Thr variant in TMEM176B exerts a beneficial role in colorectal cancer prognosis by increasing NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Cambui Raylane Adrielle Gonçalves , Fernandes Fernanda Pereira , Leal Vinicius Nunes Cordeiro , Reis Edione Cristina , de Lima Dhemerson Souza , Santo Gilmar Ferreira do Espírito , Elias Rosa Maria , Pontillo Alessandra 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
TMEM176B was recently described as a negative modulator of Nlrp3 inflammasome activation in mice. In the mouse model, the inhibition of TMEM176B leads to an increased anti-tumoral activity which is dependent on Nlrp3. Since we have recently shown that single nucleotide variants (SNPs) in inflammasome genes, including NLRP3, significantly affect colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis, we proposed to investigate here the association between genetic variants in TMEM176B and CRC prognosis.
Methods
Considering that, up to now, no genetic study analyzing this gene in humans exists, we selected possible functional SNPs and genotyped them in a cohort of CRC patients submitted to surgery and followed up for more than 10 years. Genotype-guided assays were realized to evaluate the effect of the variant on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Gene expression from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were analyzed to valid possible prognostic and predictive features.
Results
We identified the Ala134Thr variant (rs2072443) in TMEM176B as a protective factor for CRC prognosis. This SNP is associated with decreased gene expression and with an increased activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, at least in monocytes and dendritic cells. Furthermore, low TMEM176B expression is associated with higher overall survival.
Conclusion
Altogether these findings supported the role of TMEM176B in NLRP3 inflammasome biology and for the first time demonstrated the genetic association between rs2072443 and CRC in humans.
Is Rural Status Associated With Adverse Outcomes In Patients Undergoing Surgery For An Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: A Western Australian Study.
Authors: Eranki Aditya , Ali Umar , Villanueva Claudia , Saxena Akshat , Slimani Karim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (TAAD) represents a cardiothoracic emergency and should be managed without delay. Western Australia is an expansive state with a network of regional centres and cardiothoracic centres located in the capital Perth. The aim of this study is to assess the differences in presentation and outcomes between rural and urban patients undergoing emergent repair for an acute TAAD. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing emergent repair of a TAAD at Fiona Stanley Hospital between 2015 to 2020. A number of variables associated with the patient’s geography, physiology, and postoperative outcome were assessed. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression analysis was performed to evaluate significant differences between the cohorts. Results:A total of 64 patients underwent emergent repair of a TAAD between 2015 – 2020. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 20%. The 30-day mortality rate in the rural cohort was higher than the urban cohort (30% vs 16%) however this was not statistically significant. The rural cohort faced a higher median time to surgery (12 vs 6 hours, P = 0.002) and are likely to require transfer between more than two centres (7 vs 1, P = 0.001). Rural patients were also more likely to require resuscitation perioperatively (OR 4.33, P = 0.013) and more likely to require return to theatre post operatively (OR 7.60, P = 0.002). Both return to theatre and multi-hospital transfer were associated with rural status in multivariate analysis. ConclusionRural patients wait twice as long for definitive surgery as their urban counterparts and require multi-hospital transfer. Rural patients are more likely to present in a critical peri-operative state requiring resuscitation, and have a significantly higher risk of returning to theatre post operatively.