bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracranial Myopericytoma: A Rare Benign Tumor at an Extremely Rare Location
Authors: Shrivastav Ashish Kumar , Garg Manish , Aiyer Hema Malini , Sharma Gaurav , Prachi Prachi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 50-year-old female presented with a history of seizures, headache, nausea, and vomiting. On imaging, parafalcine meningioma with mass effect features was rendered. She underwent right frontal tumor excision and craniotomy. Pathological examination showed a tumor composed of syncytial aggregates of round to plump fusiform cells forming whorls around prominent branching congested vessels. The tumorous cells expressed α-smooth actin and heavy-chain caldesmon and were negative for epithelial membrane antigen, protein S100, HMB45, CD34, calponin, and desmin, thus providing the final diagnosis of intracranial myopericytoma.The rarity of this benign tumor at an extremely rare location prompted this study. As preoperative radiological investigations are nonspecific in such cases, a detailed and comprehensive pathological examination is mandatory to come to a definitive diagnosis.
Effect of Preoperative Serum Transthyretin Levels on Postoperative Clinical Results and Morbidity in Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery
Authors: Gürer Bora , Hayri Kertmen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction This study aims to investigate the effects of preoperative serum transthyretin (TTR) levels on surgical success, pain scores, and postoperative morbidity.
Methods Note that, in our clinic, 188 patients who were operated for spinal pathologies between June 2010 and January 2011 were included in this study. Blood samples were drawn from all patients on the morning of surgery and then serum TTR measurements were made. Demographic data of all patients were collected, and then their preoperative and postoperative neurological examinations, Karnofsky scores, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, postoperative infection and wound healing status, hospital stay, and morbidity levels were recorded and TTR levels were compared.
Results When preoperative TTR level of patients were low, their Karnofsky scores decreased, ODI scores increased, the early postoperative VAS and late postoperative VAS values increased, and the length of hospital stay was increased. Moreover, in patients with low TTR levels, postoperative Karnofsky scores were lower, postoperative ODI levels were higher, postoperative early and late VAS scores were higher, hospital stays were longer, peroperative complication rates were higher, wound infection rates were higher, the delay in wound site healing was higher, and the morbidity rate was higher.
Conclusion Consequently, preoperative low TTR levels have been reported to be an effective parameter that can be used to predict surgical results, wound infection and wound site healing status, perioperative complications, and morbidity in spinal surgery.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Pengo Vittorio , Denas Gentian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnprovoked (or provoked by mild risk factors) venous thromboembolism (VTE) in young patients, VTE in uncommon sites, or cases of unexplained VTE recurrence may be positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and thus may be diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The evaluation of aPL is standardized using immunological tests for anticardiolipin and anti-β2-glycoprotein I. The determination of functional antibodies (lupus anticoagulant) is less standardized, especially in patients on anticoagulant treatment. Patients positive for all the three tests are at high risk of recurrence, which, in turn, might lead to chronic obstruction of pulmonary vessels (chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension). Randomized clinical trials have shown that triple-positive patients should be treated with vitamin K antagonists maintaining an international normalized ratio between 2 and 3. Whether patients with VTE and incomplete aPL profile can be treated with direct oral anticoagulants should be further investigated.
Schooling Ain’t Learning in Europe: A Club Convergence Perspective
Authors: Glawe Linda , Mendez Carlos 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConvergence in human capital is a key precondition to achieve income convergence in the European Union; however, so far research on this topic has nearly been absent. Our paper contributes to the literature by investigating the human capital convergence dynamics within the EU over the period 1990–2016 using a nonlinear dynamic factor model. While we find evidence of absolute convergence with respect to the average years of schooling, we identify four convergence clubs with respect to learning outcomes, and the divergence across those four clubs is increasing over time. A subsequent analysis of the determinants of the learning clubs reveals that institutional and learning spillovers are decisive for whether an EU Member State is on a high or low human capital trajectory.
Surface ozone in southeast Tibet: variations and implications of tropospheric ozone sink over a highland
Authors: Chen Yi , Lin Weili , Xu Xiaobin , Zheng Xiangdong 
Published: June 2022

Environment context One-year-long on-line measurements of surface O3 and CO mixing ratios were performed on the southeast Tibetan Plateau to examine O3 behaviour. During the daytime, the O3 mixing ratio was strongly affected by vertical air exchange. The O3 mixing ratio was high in the afternoon and decreased at night, indicating a sink of tropospheric O3. The upper limit of the tropospheric O3 sink averaged from 4.5 to 5.5 ppb h−1. Rationale Ozone (O3) behaviour over the Tibetan Plateau has attracted attention in recent decades. However, few long-term measurements have been performed in the region. Methodology Field observations were conducted at a mountain site on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau from June 2014 to July 2015 in order to understand the behaviour of surface O3 and its influencing factors. Backward trajectory cluster analysis was applied to understand long-range transport sources and their relative contributions. Results The monthly average O3 ranged from 22.1 to 48.6 ppb with a common high spring ozone concentration phenomenon. The O3 diurnal variation exhibited a similar pattern to those in polluted areas but the cause was different. The O3 mixing ratio was significantly positively correlated with mixed-layer depth and wind speed, and negatively with temperature and relative humidity, indicating strong vertical air exchange. Approximately 50% of air mass trajectories originated from the northeastern Bengal Bay region, with fairly low O3 (CO) mixing ratios and high humidity. Others originated from the north Indian subcontinent (28%) and the Middle East (18%), with fairly high O3 (and CO) and low humidity. Discussion The average relative contributions of different air masses to surface O3 and CO were small and scattered but large for trajectories arriving at 14:00 hours when vertical air exchange was close to its strongest for the day. The tropospheric O3 sink may be common in the highlands, indicating a negative greenhouse effect there. The O3 sink at Linzhi was estimated in the range of 4.5–5.5 ppb h−1 at maximum.
No-tillage promotes C accumulation in soil and a slight increase in yield stability and profitability of rice in subtropical lowland ecosystems
Authors: Carlos Filipe Selau , Camargo Flávio A. O. , Marcolin Elio , Veloso Murilo G. , Schimitt Fernandes Rodrigo , Bayer Cimélio 
Published: June 2022

Context The effects of no-tillage (NT) on soil organic C (SOC) and rice yield in lowland soils are poorly understood in subtropical ecosystems. Aims In a long-term (24 years) field experiment, we assessed the effect of NT on SOC stocks in labile (>53 μm, particulate) and stable (<53 μm, mineral associated) fractions of soil organic matter (SOM), grain yield, between-season stability, and gross margin compared to conventional tillage (CT) and pre-germinated tillage (PG) systems in a lowland Gleysol in southern Brazil. Methods Soil from eight different layers down to 40 cm under each tillage system was sampled in a field experiment, and additional soil samples were obtained from an adjacent area under native grassland (NG) as reference for SOC stocks. Key results While the PG and CT systems maintained similar SOC stocks as the NG soil, NT increased SOC stocks at an annual rate of 0.41 Mg ha−1 in relation to the traditional CT soil. Rice grain yield increased twice over the 24-year period, amounting to 12 Mg ha−1 in the last crop season. Despite lower yield in NT system in most crop seasons, a slight effect on yield stability and profitability (<10%) in favour of NT, compared with CT and PG systems, was observed. Conclusions Based on our findings, NT promotes C accumulation in subtropical paddy rice soils. Implications There is a beneficial effect of NT on rice yield stability and profitability in the long term.
Diachronic developments in fricative + nasal sequences
Authors: Chirkova Katia , Handel Zev 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThrough comparison of regular sound correspondences in three closely related Tibeto-Burman (TB) languages, Ersu, Lizu, and Duoxu (collectively “ELD”), informed by external comparison with other TB languages and recent phonetic analyses of the production of voiceless nasals, we reconstruct *fricative-nasal sequences in their common ancestor, Proto-ELD.In the development of these historic clusters, two pathways of change can be recognized. Their difference lies in the divergent relative phasing of velic and oral gestures in the original fricative-nasal sequences:(i)fricative weakening (from a tight cluster): *FN > N̥ > h̃ > x(ii)fricative strengthening (from a loose cluster): *F-n > *F-t > t > k or *F‑n > sThe different reflexes observed in Ersu, Lizu, and Duoxu represent different points along these two developmental pathways. These reconstructions and pathways of development have implications for our understanding of both universal (phonetic) and language-specific aspects of change in fricative-nasal sequences. The first pathway makes it possible to explore the process of nasal devoicing beyond voiceless nasals so as to enrich our understanding of nasal devoicing in natural languages. The co-existence of two opposite pathways of change, on the other hand, provides insights into the morphological and syllabic structure of words with contiguous fricative-nasal sequences in ELD languages at different points in time – insights that may be valuable in examining the history of other languages and language families beyond the ELD cluster.
Associations between physical activity, motor skills, executive functions and early numeracy in preschoolers
Authors: Vanhala Anssi , Haapala Eero A. , Sääkslahti Arja , Hakkarainen Airi , Widlund Anna , Aunio Pirjo 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTWe investigated direct and indirect cross‐sectional associations of physical activity, fundamental motor skills, executive functions, and early numeracy in preschoolers. The participants were 214 preschoolers aged three to five years. Time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity was measured by hip‐worn accelerometers and fundamental motor skills using the tasks assessing locomotor, object control, and stability skills. Inhibition/switching and working memory/updating, as components of executive functions, were assessed by computerised tests and a standardised test was used to assess early numeracy. Path analyses were used to examine direct and indirect associations between the constructs. Our results showed that stability skills were indirectly positively associated with early numeracy through inhibition/switching (β = 0.07, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.14]) and locomotor skills through working memory/updating (β = 0.13, p = 0.001, 95% CI [0.06, 0.20]). Vigorous physical activity was positively associated with early numeracy through locomotor skills and working memory/updating (β = 0.04, p = 0.01, 95% CI [0.01, 0.07]) and negatively associated with early numeracy through inhibition/switching (β = −0.06, p < 0.05, 95% CI [−0.11, −0.02]).
On Bayesian data assimilation for PDEs with ill-posed forward problems
Authors: Lanthaler S , Mishra S , Weber F 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study Bayesian data assimilation (filtering) for time-evolution Partial differential equations (PDEs), for which the underlying forward problem may be very unstable or ill-posed. Such PDEs, which include the Navier–Stokes equations of fluid dynamics, are characterized by a high sensitivity of solutions to perturbations of the initial data, a lack of rigorous global well-posedness results as well as possible non-convergence of numerical approximations. Under very mild and readily verifiable general hypotheses on the forward solution operator of such PDEs, we prove that the posterior measure expressing the solution of the Bayesian filtering problem is stable with respect to perturbations of the noisy measurements, and we provide quantitative estimates on the convergence of approximate Bayesian filtering distributions computed from numerical approximations. For the Navier–Stokes equations, our results imply uniform stability of the filtering problem even at arbitrarily small viscosity, when the underlying forward problem may become ill-posed, as well as the compactness of numerical approximants in a suitable metric on time-parametrized probability measures.
Experimental and numerical study of gas flow through microchannel with 90° bends
Authors: Singh H S , Subbarao P M V , Dhanekar S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A microchannel with a 90° bend is one of the essential components of a complex microchannel in microdevices. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of flow through a microchannel with bends is required. This paper investigates gaseous flow experimentally and numerically through a microchannel with bends in the slip regime. A microdevice with 20 microchannels of dimensions 393.96 × 1.03 × 25 200 µm3 with double 90° bends has been fabricated using standard silicon microfabrication processes. These channels have a common inlet and outlet plenum, and nitrogen gas is used as the working fluid. The mass flow rate through the microchannel is measured for various pressure ratios ranging between 1.30 and 1.55 at different outlet Knudsen numbers in the slip regime. Three-dimensional simulations are performed for rarefied isothermal flow using Ansys fluent 18.1 with slip boundary conditions on the top and bottom walls. The slip effect is quantified by comparing the measured data of the mass flow rates with the corresponding no-slip boundary conditions. To the authors’ best knowledge, experimental data in the slip regime covering the Knudsen number range 0.0662–0.0805 have not been reported previously. The gas flow was modelled numerically using the first-order model with an appropriate slip coefficient (C
1 = 1.15), and the equivalent straight length per bend in the slip regime was also calculated.
High-precision and long-range optical fiber Fabry–Perot interferometer for high temperature measurement
Authors: Zhao Na , Lin Qijing , Zhang Fuzheng , Zhang Zhongkai , Yao Kun , Zhao Libo , Tian Bian , Yang Ping , Jiang Zhuangde 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To solve the problem of near-field measurement of aeroengines a novel large-range high-precision Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) is developed, which is verified by a high-temperature experiment. Based on the principle of FPI wavelength drift and frequency spectrum drift, a double-beam-interference FPI is designed. Through an analysis of the optical path difference between the two beams, the conclusion that the spectrum drifts to the long-wave direction with the increase of temperature is obtained. Moreover, through frequency spectrum analysis, the measurement error caused by the distortion of the spectrum is avoided, and it is found that the increase in temperature will cause the change in frequency spectrum. The temperature sensitivity of the glass-type FPI is only 0.0011 nm °C−1. A ceramic material with a higher thermal expansion coefficient is selected as the collimating tube to make the sensitivity of the temperature sensor as high as 0.691 nm °C−1 from normal temperature to 100 °C. To meet the needs of a wide range of measurements from room temperature to 1000 °C the frequency drift method is utilized. A field experiment is carried out on the ceramic FPI at the tail spray of the aeroengine simulation platform. The temperature response test from normal temperature to 1000 °C is completed, and the accuracy of the sensor reached 0.043%. In this study, the principle, design, production, and testing of optical fiber sensors are carried out. The developed optical fiber sensor has significance for high temperature monitoring.
Charge transport mechanisms in free-standing devices with electrospun electrodes
Authors: Ciobotaru Iulia Corina , Polosan Silviu , Enculescu Monica , Nitescu Andrei , Enculescu Ionut , Beregoi Mihaela , Ciobotaru Constantin Claudiu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Embedding electronic and optoelectronic devices in common, daily use objects is a fast developing field of research. New architectures are needed for migrating from the classic wafer- based substrates. Novel types of flexible PMMA/Au/Alq3/LiF/Al structures were obtained starting from electrospun polymer fibers. Thus, using an electrospinning process poly (methyl metacrylate) (PMMA) nanofibers were fabricated. A thin Au layer deposition rendered the fiber array conductive, this being further employed as the anode. The next steps consisted of the thermal evaporation of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum (Alq3) and aluminum deposition as the cathode. The Au covered PMMA nanofiber layer had a similar behavior with an indium tin oxide film i.e. low sheet resistance 10.6 Ω/sq and high transparency. The low electrode resistivities allow an electron drift mobility of about 10–6 cm2 V−1 s−1 at a low applied field, similar to the counterpart structures based on thin films. Concerning the relaxation processes in these structures, the Cole–Cole plots exhibit a slightly deformed semicircle, indicating a more complex equivalent circuit for the processes between metal electrodes and the active layer. This equivalent circuit includes reactance equivalent processes at the anode, cathode, in the active layer and most probably originates from the roughness of the metallic electrodes.
Superconducting HfO2-added solution-derived YBa2Cu3O7 nanocomposite films: the effect of colloidal nanocrystal shape and crystallinity on pinning mechanism
Authors: Rijckaert H , Malmivirta M , Banerjee S , Billinge S J L , Huhtinen H , Paturi P , De Buysser K , Van Driessche I 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Two different types of monoclinic HfO2 nanocrystals were employed in this work to study the effect of nanocrystal shape and crystallinity on the structural defects in the YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) matrix as it leads to an enhancement of pinning performances of solution-derived YBCO nanocomposite films. In this work the nanorod-like HfO2 nanocrystals obtained from surfactant-controlled synthesis led to short intergrowths surrounding the particles, while spherical HfO2 nanocrystals from the solvent-controlled synthesis led to the formation of long stacking faults in the YBCO matrix. It means that the small difference in crystallinity, lattice parameters, nanocrystal structures, core diameter of preformed nanocrystals in colloidal solutions have a strong influence on the formation of the structural defects around the particles in the YBCO matrix, leading to different pinning performances.
Multi-functional attributes of rare earth double doped SrBi2Nb2O9 ferroelectric system
Authors: Nagamani S , Nitchal Kiran J , Siva Basivi Reddy B , Jyothi N , Vijaya Laksmi G , Sambasiva Rao K 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The ferroelectric perovskite SrBi2Nb2O9 (SBN) material with a low concentration of double doping at the Bi-site of SBN was studied to understand its influence and usefulness in integrated optoelectronic, soft magnetic memory devices and wear-resistant tribomaterials. The aim of the present study is double doping of SBN with a set of rare earth elements Pr3+/Dy3+ (SBPDN), Pr3+/Gd3+ (SBPGN), Pr3+/Sm3+ (SBPSN), and Pr3+/Y3+ (SBPYN) at the Bi-site of SBN to establish the multifunctional ceramic nature pertaining to diverse applications. XRD with Rietveld refinement analysis acknowledged a single-phase orthorhombic structure with an increase in lattice parameters and unsystematic changes in crystallite size. SEM study indicated that the samples possessed non-uniformly distributed needle-shaped grains. The purity of the material and the detection of functional groups were received from the EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. Structural modifications in SBN have been determined based on a diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) study and therefore the band gap values decrease from 2.98 eV (SBN) to 2.70 eV (double doping) because of the growth of distortion in the structure and pronounced increase in the density of localized states. Photoluminescence (PL) study on double doped SBN material with an excitation wavelength of 320 nm has yielded a novel red emission at 609 nm, that may be useful for white LEDs. The ferromagnetic signature in the studied materials was confirmed from the room temperature VSM study. Noticed mild wear and a low coefficient of friction in the studied materials of SBPDN and SBPSN compared to other studied ceramic samples from mechanical studies. The simultaneous manifestation of optical, magnetic, and mechanical properties by double-doped SBN ceramics keeps the materials as multi-functional candidates for optoelectronic devices, soft magnetic memory devices, and wear-resistant tribomaterials.
Computational study of the electronic structure of the Srm+Kr (m = 0, 1) van der Waals complexes
Authors: Slama Marwa , Habli Héla , Jellali Soulef , Ben El Hadj Rhouma Mounir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A computational study of the electronic structure of the SrKr and Sr+Kr molecular systems is presented in this paper. The theoretical approach is based on the pseudo-potential technique for Sr++Kr interaction and core-valence correlation for the one and two electrons-Sr++Kr interaction. The potential energy surfaces (PESs), spectroscopic parameters, electric dipole moments (EDM), and the vibrational levels’ spacing for all electronic states are calculated. The accuracy of the current spectroscopic results is discussed by comparing them to the available experimental and theoretical data. It is interesting to note that several avoided crossings (ACs) have occurred between the high-lying 2Σ+ excited states. Each curve exhibits ionic and neutral branches in the AC region, yielding the appearance of the ionic character and the illustration of charge transfer.