bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Particle tracking velocimetry as a method for chip ejection studies during groove milling of particleboard
Authors: Hausmann Julius , Hafemann Thomas E. , Rüdiger Frank , Herzberg Marcus , Gottlöber Christian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Studies on chip ejection from tools provide important information for the design of tools and effective chip collection elements used in woodworking machines. Among the chip properties, chip motion and its distribution are of particular interest for the design process. Until now, chip velocities have only been measured by manual tracking over a high-speed image sequence, which allows only a small scope of inspection. Here, we present the use of high-speed imaging in combination with particle tracking velocimetry as a new method for the semi-automatic evaluation of the magnitudes and directions of chip velocities. The methodology was tested in groove milling of particleboard.It was found that state-of-the-art particle tracking algorithms are suitable for quantitative analysis of chip motion in high-speed images. Therefore, spatial and temporal analysis of the chip velocity along the tool circumference are feasible and are presented here. In addition to chip velocity, chip collisions with the tool or other chips can be observed. This research also shows that image evaluation of chip sizes and shapes is potentially possible.In summary, the presented work provides methods that can quantitatively describe chip motion after chip formation. In the future, the presented methodology offers the possibility of investigating the relationships between tooth and chip space geometries, as well as different materials and the chip ejection of tools. Thus, the presented methodology provides a basis for creating a more general understanding of chip motion from machining operations, which can lead to innovations and improvements in chip collection.
The stability region characterization of general fluid model MQMS system
Authors: li yake 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we study the stability region characterization for the fluid model multi-queue multi-server (MQMS) queueing system. We characterize the stability region of the general fluid model MQMS system by an infinite set of inequalities.
We present that a finite set of inequalities by the integration method can exactly characterize the stability region of the two-queue and three-queue systems.
By reducing the multiplicity of the integral, we prove that the stability region
only depends on the channel distribution, the number of servers and the number of queues.
Finally, in order to describe the stable region more intuitively, we give several examples and show the visible stability region by two and three dimensional polytopes for two-queue and three-queue systems.
Retention potential of a drained wetland in the Lusatian lignite mining district, Briesener Niedermoor, Germany, Europe
Authors: Hartmann Clemens , Uhlmann Wilfried , Scheytt Traugott 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most important global causes for polluted water. It occurs in mining areas due to oxidation of sulfide minerals. Depending on hydrological conditions, wetlands are considered suitable for passive treatment of AMD. The aim of the study was to characterize the long-term retention performance of a drained wetland, Briesener Niedermoor, in an iron and sulfate contaminated catchment area. The site is located in the Lusatian lignite mining district, Germany. Hydrological and hydrochemical measurements as well as time series of groundwater and surface water were evaluated and saturation conditions of iron species were determined using Phreeqc Interactive and EH-pH diagrams for the Fe-S-K-O-H system. Progressing peat degradation due to drainage leads to a hydraulic behaviour of the wetland that is more comparable to a rain bog than a fen, and thus to more pronounced oxic conditions. Groundwater feeds the wetland with significant loads of iron and sulfate, which are temporally stored in the wetland. At low surface water discharge iron is removed and weak acidic pH is buffered by the dominant phase of schwertmannite (Fe8O8(OH)6SO4), usually during summer months. In winter, greater water availability initializes a high source strength from the wetland, that cannot be retarded. Thus, only during summer there is a retention potential, in winter the retention potential is not strong enough to prevent an inflow of iron and sulfate. Only a significant rewetting of the wetland may result in a restoration of the retention potential of the wetland Briesener Niedermoor.
Comparative analysis and impact assessment on the electricity price of traditional carbon capture methods and that of direct precipitation of CO2 with the addition of Ca(OH)2 in the scope of a case study in Shenzhen.
Authors: Wu Tongxin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the dramatic increase in global temperature, carbon dioxide is one of the major culprits. Scholars are seeking ways to maintain or decrease the carbon emission level globally in modern days. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) addresses this issue, and mineralization of CCS turns out to be the most secure method because carbonate (CO3) produced out of mineralization is harmless and can be found in Earth crusts with abundance. Amine solutions are introduced to be incorporated into the CCS and can accelerate the conversion. However, the amine regeneration results in high operational costs and energy penalties in traditional methods. The addition of Ca(OH)2 can address this problem and has a conversion rate as high as 97.4%. This new method also makes fossil-fuel-based CCS more competitive. Future breakthroughs are still needed to make CCS cheaper and provide stable renewable energy supplies, enabling carbon neutrality to be more promising.
Comparative full-field velocimetry of liquid flow within monolithic catalyst carriers via CFD simulations and MRV measurements
Authors: Sadeghi Mehrdad , Ricke Adrian , Pesch Georg R. , Dreher Wolfgang , Thöming Jorg 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In reaction engineering, it is often that overcoming transport limitations improves reactor performance. This requires detailed analyses of transport phenomena in the catalytic beds. Nuclear magnetic resonance velocimetry (MRV) measurements have been utilized for analyzing mass transport of gas flows within opaque monoliths. Comparisons to full-field computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, however, show significant deviations. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and 3D-printed monoliths including one open-cell foam (OCF) and one honeycomb were used to demonstrate that both operating fluid and monolith morphology influence the achievable signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of NMR data. The velocity profiles measured by MRV in OCF agreed well with full-field CFD simulations with ± 5% deviation. In addition, the similarity between the simulated and experimental velocity fields was quantified by the similarity index, which is 1 for identical images. A mean value of 0.83 was determined for a 10 PPI OCF. Thus, using PEG as the operating fluid and a 10 PPI OCF allows to improve both spatial resolution by 34% and the quality of agreement by 13 percentage points compared to the published results of gas velocimetry within 20 PPI OCF. We further identified and quantified possible sources of deviation between CFD and MRV velocity fields. By limiting our analysis to velocities higher than 45% of the maximum velocity, we could achieve similarity indices of 0.95–0.99.
Synthesis of pyrido-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-7(8H)-carboxylate; Structure identification and X‑ray analyses
Authors: Ramadan Mohamed , Aly Ashraf A. , Ahmed Essam Kh. , Nieger Martin , Brown Alan B. , Bräse Stefan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Synthesis of oxothiazolidine-dihydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3,6(7H)-dicarboxylate together with its structure and X‑ray analysis were achieved. The product was obtained during the reaction between diethyl 2-(3-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)thioureido)-4,5-dihydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3,6(7H)-dicarboxylate and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. The structure of the obtained compound was confirmed by IR, NMR, mass spectra together with elemental analysis and X-ray structure analysis. The aforementioned compound showed strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds which play important roles in the crystal packing of it.
Valorization of rice straw, sugarcane bagasse and sweet sorghum bagasse for the production of bioethanol and phenylacetylcarbinol
Authors: Nunta Rojarej , Techapun Charin , Sommanee Sumeth , Mahakuntha Chatchadaporn , Porninta Kritsadaporn , Punyodom Winita , Phimolsiripol Yuthana , Rachtanapun Pornchai , Wang Wen , Zhuang Xinshu , Qi Wei , Jantanasakulwong Kittisak , Reungsang Alissara , Kumar Anbarasu , Leksawasdi Noppol 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Open burning of agricultural residues causes numerous complications including particulate matter pollution in the air, soil degradation, global warming and many more. Since they possess bio-conversion potential, agro-industrial residues including sugarcane bagasse (SCB), rice straw (RS), corncob (CC) and sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) were chosen for the study. Yeast strains, Candida tropicalis, C. shehatae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus were compared for their production potential of bioethanol and phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC), an intermediate in the manufacture of crucial pharmaceuticals, namely, ephedrine, and pseudoephedrine. Among the substrates and yeasts evaluated, RS cultivated with C. tropicalis produced significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher ethanol concentration at 15.3 g/L after 24 h cultivation. The product per substrate yield (Yeth/s) was 0.38 g/g with the volumetric productivity (Qp) of 0.64 g/L/h and fermentation efficiency of 73.6% based on a theoretical yield of 0.51 g ethanol/g glucose. C. tropicalis grown in RS medium produced 0.303 U/mL pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), a key enzyme that catalyzes the production of PAC, with a specific activity of 0.400 U/mg protein after 24 h cultivation. This present study also compared the whole cells biomass of C. tropicalis with its partially purified PDC preparation for PAC biotransformation. The whole cells C. tropicalis PDC at 1.29 U/mL produced an overall concentration of 62.3 mM PAC, which was 68.4% higher when compared to partially purified enzyme preparation. The results suggest that the valorization of lignocellulosic residues into bioethanol and PAC will not only aid in mitigating the environmental challenge posed by their surroundings but also has the potential to improve the bioeconomy.
Malicious Website Identification Using Design Attribute Learning
Authors: Naim Or , Cohen Doron , Gal Irad Ben 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Malicious websites pose a challenging cybersecurity threat. Traditional tools for detecting malicious websites rely heavily on industry-specific domain knowledge, are maintained by large-scale research operations, and result in a never-ending attacker-defender dynamic. Malicious websites need to balance two opposing requirements to successfully function: escaping malware detection tools while attracting visitors. This fundamental conflict can be leveraged to create a robust and sustainable detection approach based on the extraction, analysis and learning of design attributes for malicious website identification. In this paper, we propose a next-generation algorithm for extended design attribute learning that learns and analyzes web page structures, contents, appearances and reputations to detect malicious websites. A large-scale experiment that was conducted on more than 35,000 websites suggests that the proposed algorithm effectively detects more than 83% of all malicious websites while maintaining a low false-positive rate of 2%. In addition, the proposed method can incorporate user feedback and flag new suspicious websites and thus can be effective against zero-day attacks.
Intensity-dependent gamma electrical stimulation regulates microglial activation, reduces beta-amyloid load, and facilitates memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Liu Qian , Contreras Adam , Afaq Muhammad Shan , Yang Weijian , Hsu Daniel K , Russell Michael , Lyeth Bruce , Zanto Theodore P. , Zhao Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Gamma electrical stimulation (GES) may reduce AD-specific pathology. Yet, the efficacy of electrical stimulation in animal models of AD is unknown, and prior research has not addressed intensity-dependent effects.
Objective: The effect of GES on Aβ clearance and microglia modulation were assessed in 5xFAD mouse brain, as well as the behavioral performance of the animals in the Morris Water Maze.
Methods and Results: One hour of epidural GES at 40Hz delivered over a month significantly 1) reduced Aβ42 load in the AD brain, 2) increased microglia cell counts, decreased cell body size, increased length of cellular processes of the Iba1+ cells, and 3) improved behavioral performance (learning & memory). All these effects were most pronounced when a higher stimulation current was applied.
Conclusion: The efficacy of GES on the reduction of AD pathology and the intensity-dependent feature provides guidance for the development of this promising therapeutic approach.
Disparities in COVID-19 vaccination coverage in rural Romania
Authors: Marin Anca Monica 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This paper explores factors associated with differences in COVID-19 vaccination coverage in the rural localities of Romania. The perspective used by this study is therefore centered around structural factors, rather than on individual level factors. The study is based on a secondary analysis of public official data on vaccination coverage at local level and local budgets execution in Romania, alongside other variables publicly available. The study reveals that communes with a good vaccination coverage are to a significantly higher extent from communes with a good coverage of the population with general practitioners, a high COVID-19 incidence rate in September 2021, a higher share of older persons in the total population, without a marginalized community and from specific development regions. The paper contributes to enlarging the perspective on the structural factors related to territorial disparities on vaccination coverage.
Difference in the fibular attachment structure between the superior and inferior fascicles of the anterior talofibular ligament using ultrasonography and histological examinations
Authors: Kakegawa Akira , Fukushima Nanae , Sumitomo Norimi , Nagira Ayata , Ichinose Yuko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is divided into superior (SB) and inferior bands (IB). Although the differences in length and width are known, the structure of the fibular attachment had not been elucidated. The present study aimed to clarify the differences in the fibular attachment structure between ATFL’s SB and IB using cross-sectional images along the ligament.
Methods
An anatomical study using 15 formalin-fixed ankles was performed. The lateral ankle ligament complex was collected after a longitudinal image of SB/IB was visualized by ultrasonography. The specimens were decalcified and sectioned longitudinally at the center of SB/IB using a microtome. Histological evaluation of the enthesis structure at the fibular attachment of SB/IB was performed using hematoxylin–eosin and Masson’s trichrome stains.
Results
A fibrillar pattern could not be observed in the longitudinal image at the IB level by ultrasonography. The lengths of ATFL’s SB and IB were 20.6 ± 1.6 and 15.3 ± 1.3 mm, respectively, with thicknesses of 1.8 ± 0.4 and 1.0 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. The ATFL’s IB was significantly shorter and thinner than the ATFL’s SB. The fibular attachment of ATFL’s SB had distinct enthesis structure, whereas in the attachment structure of the ATFL’s IB, there were several variations including a type with a narrower enthesis structure than the ATFL’s SB and a type that merged with or wrapped around the calcaneofibular ligament.
Conclusion
The fibular attachment structure between ATFL’s SB and IB differs. Our results could be useful information when performing ultrasonography and MRI diagnosis.
Predicting Money Laundering using Machine Learning and Artificial Neural Networks Algorithms in Banks
Authors: Lokanan Mark 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This paper aims to build a machine learning and a neural network model to detect the probability of money laundering in banks. The paper's data came from a simulation of actual transactions flagged for money laundering in Middle Eastern banks. The main findings highlight that criminal networks mainly use the integration stage to integrate money into the financial system. Fraudsters prefer to launder funds in the early hours, morning followed by the business day's afternoon time intervals. Additionally, the Naïve Bayes and Random Forest classifiers were identified as the two best-performing
models to predict bank money laundering transactions.
The diversity of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from asymptomatic and symptomatic school-age children in Kinshasa province, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Simpson Shirley V. , Nundu Sabin Sabiti , Arima Hiroaki , Kaneko Osamu , Mita Toshihiro , Culleton Richard , Yamamoto Taro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background. Understanding Plasmodium falciparum population diversity and transmission dynamics provides information on the intensity of malaria transmission, which is needed for assessing malaria control interventions. We investigated P. falciparum allelic diversity and multiplicity of infection (MOI) in asymptomatic and symptomatic school-age children in Kinshasa province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Methods. A total of 438 DNA samples (248 asymptomatic and 190 symptomatic) were characterized by nested PCR and genotyping the polymorphic regions of pfmsp1 block 2 and pfmsp2 block 3.
Results. Nine allele types were observed in pfmsp1 block2. The K1-type allele was predominant with 78% (229/293) prevalence, followed by the MAD20-type allele (52%, 152/293) and RO33-type allele (44%, 129/293). Twelve alleles were detected in pfmsp2; and the 3D7-type allele was the most frequent with 84% (256/304) prevalence, followed by the FC27-type allele (66%, 201/304). Polyclonal infections were detected in 63% (95% CI: 56, 69) of the samples, and the MOI was 2.0 (95% CI: 1.9, 2.1) in P. falciparum single species infections. MOIs significantly increased in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from symptomatic parasite carriers than asymptomatic ones (2.24 versus 1.69, Adjusted b: 0.36, (95% CI: 0.01, 0.72), p = 0.046) and parasitemia >10,000 parasites/µL compared to parasitemia <5,000 parasites/µL (2.68 versus 1.63, Adjusted b: 0.89, (95% CI: 0.46, 1.25), p < 0.001).
Conclusion. Our survey showed low allelic diversity and MOI of P. falciparum, which reflects a moderate intensity of malaria transmission in the study areas. MOIs were more likely to be common in symptomatic infections and increased with the parasitemia level. Further studies in different transmission zones are needed to understand the epidemiology and parasite complexity in the DRC.
Multi-proxy Signature Scheme Using Five-qubit Entangled State Based on Controlled Quantum Teleportation
Authors: Fan Ting-Ting , Lu Dian-Jun , You Min-Guo , Qian Si-Jie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the upgrading of communication technology and the rapid development of quantum computing, the classical digital signature schemes are faced with unprecedented challenges, so the research on quantum digital signature is imperative. In this paper, we propose a multi-proxy signature scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation of five-qubit entangled state. In this scheme, quantum fourier transform is used as an encryption method to encrypt message, which improves the quantum efficiency compared with the quantum one-time pad. The five-qubit maximally entangled state which is qubit threshold quantum error correction required is used as the quantum channel to ensure the stability of the scheme. Security analysis shows that our scheme is unforgeable and undeniable, and it can resist the intercept-resend attack.
Rocket launch induced G-force impact on Apis mellifera queens' fertility - results of a pilot study
Authors: Stasiowska Dagmara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rocket launch is the most stressful stage of the rocket flight due to the hypergravity occurrences. The possibility of usage of honey bees (Apis mellifera) as the extraterrestrial pollinator depends then on their ability to correctly reproduce after experiencing G-force increases. Four artificially inseminated Apis mellifera carnica queens with attendants were given to the acceleration pattern of the launching Soyuz rocket on the Human Training Centrifuge. After the experiment along with the queens from the control group, they were given to the experimental beehives. Data on the number of food stores, eggs, larvae, and worker and drone pupae were acquired and analysed in the context of hives composition, trends in the number of eggs and deviations in their development. Results of the pilot study imply that there is no significant difference in the fertility of both samples. However, the Author indicates research results limitations such as sample size or limited observation time.
Calculation of the steady states in dynamic semiconductor laser models
Authors: Radziunas Mindaugas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We discuss numerical challenges in calculating stable and unstable steady states of widely used dynamic semiconductor laser models. Knowledge of these states is valuable when analyzing laser dynamics and different properties of the lasing states. The example simulations and analysis mainly rely on 1(time)+1(space)-dimensional traveling-wave models, where the steady state defining conditions are formulated as a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. The performed steady state calculations reveal limitations of the Lang-Kobayashi model, explain nontrivial bias threshold relations in lasers with several electrical contacts, or predict and explain transient dynamics when simulating such lasers.
Kamu Sağlık Kurumlarında Farklı Risk Analiz Yöntemlerinin İncelenmesi: Örnek Bir Uygulama
Authors: KARAN BUTURAK Gülistan , YAPICI Nil 
Published: October 2022

Günümüzde risk yönetimi ve değerlendirmesi iş sağlığı ve güvenliği felsefesinin en önemli unsurlarından biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Sağlık sektörü çalışma ortamında karşılaşılabilecek riskler, tehlikeli durum ve davranışlar ile meydana geldiğinde ortaya çıkabilecek sonuçları göz önüne alındığında en riskli çalışma alanlarından biridir. Ülkemizde sağlık çalışanları sağlık hizmet sunumlarının birçok alanında hizmet vermektedir. Özellikle hastanelerde; biyolojik, kimyasal, fiziksel, ergonomik, psikososyal risklerle karşı karşıya çalışmaktadır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, kalitatif risk değerlendirme metotlarından L Matris ve Fine-Kinney risk değerlendirme yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılarak sağlık sektöründeki etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesidir.
Çalışma sonucunda L tipi Matris yönteminde tespit edilen tehlike kaynaklarının risk önem dereceleri orta seviye risk önem derecesinde iken; Fine-Kinney yönteminde aynı tehlike kaynaklarının risk önem derecesi Yüksek/Çok yüksek seviyesinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır.