bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotyping, antifungal susceptibility testing, and biofilm formation of Trichosporon spp. isolated from urine samples in a University Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Wongsuk Thanwa , Boonsilp Siriphan , Pumeesat Potjaman , Homkaew Anchalee , Sangsri Tanes , Chongtrakool Piriyaporn 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The basidiomycetes yeast Trichosporon is widespread in the natural environment, but can cause disease, mainly in immunocompromised patients. However, there have been only few studies about this infection in Thailand. In this study, we characterized 53 Trichosporon spp. isolated from urine samples from patients admitted to a single hospital in Bangkok, Thailand over a one-year period from 2019 to 2020. The strains were identified using colony morphology, microscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and nucleotide sequence analysis of intergenic spacer 1 (IGS1). Fifty-one isolates were Trichosporon asahii, and the remaining isolates were Trichosporon inkin and other Trichosporon species. Three genotypes of IGS1—1, 3, and 7 were observed among T. asahii. The sensitivity of the yeasts to the antifungal drugs amphotericin B, fluconazole, and voriconazole ranged from 0.25 to >16 μg ml−1, 0.5–8 μg ml−1, and 0.01–0.25 μg ml−1, respectively. We investigated biofilm formation by the isolates, and no biofilm production was found in one isolate, low biofilm production in forty-four isolates, and medium biofilm production in six isolates. T. inkin produced biofilms at low levels, and Trichosporon spp. produced biofilms at medium levels. This research increases our understanding of the molecular epidemiology of Trichosporon spp. isolated from one university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, and reveals their genetic diversity, antifungal susceptibility profiles, and capacity for in vitro biofilm production.
Markers of Kidney Tubular Secretion and Risk of Adverse Events in SPRINT Participants with CKD
Authors: Bullen Alexander L. , Ascher Simon B. , Scherzer Rebecca , Garimella Pranav S. , Katz Ronit , Hallan Stein I. , Cheung Alfred K. , Raphael Kalani L. , Estrella Michelle M. , Jotwani Vasantha K. , Malhotra Rakesh , Seegmiller Jesse C. , Shlipak Michael G. , Ix Joachim H. 
Published: August 2022

Significance Statement
SPRINT demonstrated in individuals with hypertension and high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk that intensive BP lowering was associated with decreased risk of CVD events and all-cause mortality. However, it was also associated with increased risk of adverse events (AEs), particularly among those with CKD. Thus, the ability to identify individuals at higher risk for these AEs is paramount. We used ten novel endogenous markers to evaluate the association between tubular secretion and elevated risk of AEs. We found that lower tubular secretion was associated with higher risk of AEs, independent of eGFR and albuminuria. Assessment of kidney tubule health, including tubular secretion, may provide new opportunities to understand the kidney’s role in adverse health outcomes.

Background
Kidney tubular secretion is an essential mechanism for clearing many common antihypertensive drugs and other metabolites and toxins. It is unknown whether novel measures of tubular secretion are associated with adverse events (AEs) during hypertension treatment.

Methods
Among 2089 SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) participants with baseline eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, we created a summary secretion score by averaging across the standardized spot urine-to-plasma ratios of ten novel endogenous tubular secretion measures, with lower urine-to-plasma ratios reflecting worse tubular secretion. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations between the secretion score and risk of a composite of prespecified serious AEs (hypotension, syncope, bradycardia, AKI, electrolyte abnormalities, and injurious falls). The follow-up protocol for SPRINT routinely assessed two laboratory monitoring AEs (hyperkalemia and hypokalemia).

Results
Overall, 30% of participants experienced at least one AE during a median follow-up of 3.0 years. In multivariable models adjusted for eGFR and albuminuria, lower (worse) secretion scores at baseline were associated with greater risk of the composite AE outcome (hazard ratio per 1-SD lower secretion score, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.27). In analyses of the individual AEs, lower secretion score was associated with significantly greater risk of AKI, serious electrolyte abnormalities, and ambulatory hyperkalemia. Associations were similar across randomized treatment assignment groups.

Conclusion
Among SPRINT participants with CKD, worse tubular secretion was associated with greater risk of AEs, independent of eGFR and albuminuria.
PENGARUH BUDAYA KERJA DAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DEMOKRATIS TERHADAP KINERJA WIDYAISWARA (STUDI KASUS DI PPPPTK-BOE/VEDC MALANG)
Authors: Supriyanto S. 
Published: August 2022

Pusat Pengembangan Pemberdayaan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan atau sering disebut dengan Vocational Education Development Center (VEDC) Malang, yang disingkat PPPPTK-BOE/VEDC Malang merupakan pusat pengembangan dan pemberdayaan guru khususnya Guru SMK, serta pendidikan dan pelatihan skill melalui program “skill training” untuk tenaga profesional dari industri dan masyarakat umum. Berdasarkan pengamatan pada umumnya peraturan disiplin kerja dan keteraturan kerja sudah dituangkan dalam prosedur-prosedur kerja yang lengkap dan dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik, tidak sebatas formalitas belaka. Kinerja dalam bentuk perbuatan nyata, dedikasi dan loyalitas aparatur negara teraktualisasi dalam keseharian, bahkan melahirkan prestasi yang patut dibanggakan. Disamping karena kuatnya budaya kerja institusi adanya kepemimpinan yang demokratis, tupoksi yang jelas, manajemen yang solid, kepakaran para widyaiswara, staf karyawan terkembangkan, inilah yang sangat mendukung terwujudnya suasana kerja yang ergonomis (ergonomic atmosphere) sehingga memungkinkan PPPPTK-BOE/VEDC Malang sebagai Institusi pemerintah yang mampu membangun sebuah kinerja yang beratmosfir Industri.Sampel penelitian diambil secara acak pada kelompok berdasarkan unit kerja yang ada di PPPPTK BOE/VEDC Malang. Pengujian dilakukan melalui teknik analisis regresi berganda guna mengetahui pengaruh antara variabel Budaya Kerja , Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis , yang masing-masing sebagai variabel bebas, terhadap Kinerja Widyaiswara sebagai varibel tergantungnya.Hasil dari pengujian hipotesis yang telah dijelaskan pada bagian sebelumnya, diketahui bahwa dari semua variabel yang diteliti semuanya mendukung hipotesis yang telah diajukan, yang diwakili oleh variabel Budaya Kerja (X1), dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis (X2), terhadap Kinerja Widyaiswara (Y) diperoleh nilai sebesar 71,1% sedangkan sisanya, yaitu 28,9%, dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar persamaan model. Kontribusi Budaya Kerja 26.30 %, dan kontribusi Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis 23.71 %, dan dapat disampaikan bahwa karyawan PPPPTK - BOE / VEDC Malang dapat mengambil manfaatnya , terbukti dengan memberi pengaruh yang positif terhadap kinerja widyaiswara
“Ghost Transient” Corrections to the Southern California GPS Velocity Field from San Andreas Fault Seismic Cycle Models
Authors: Hearn Elizabeth 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Seismic cycle models of the northern and southern San Andreas fault (SAF) were developed to estimate corrections for viscoelastic transients embedded in the present-day Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity field. These models incorporate a viscous shear zone embedded in either a layered or a 3D viscoelastic structure. In the southern SAF model, the 3D effective viscosity structure is based on the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) community rheology model (CRM) and the SCEC community thermal model. Viscoelastic materials are represented with Burgers or Maxwell viscoelastic rheologies, and ranges of rheological parameters and earthquake chronologies are explored. For the northern and southern SAF models, surface velocity perturbations or “ghost transients” (GTs) of up to 3.5–6 mm/yr are obtained for a wide range of conditions. In all cases, the GT velocities are consistent with left-lateral rather than right-lateral motion across the SAF, and subtracting them from the present-day GPS velocity field increases the apparent SAF offset rate. For the southern SAF model, GT velocities are fairly insensitive to the timing of large SAF earthquakes prior to 1857, but they are sensitive to rheology (i.e., temperatures and strain rates assumed for computing CRM effective viscosities). For the northern SAF model, GT velocities are sensitive to both rheology (mantle, lower crust and shear zone effective viscosities, and Burgers Body parameters Δb and RB) and mean earthquake recurrence interval. For the reference northern and southern SAF models provided to U.S. Geological Survey National Seismic Hazard Mapping Project deformation modelers, the maximum GT velocities are 3.73 and 4.84 mm/yr, respectively.
Особливості світло-кольорової побудови композиції рослин
Authors: Таран Наталія Юріївна , Драгомирик Валерія Сергіївна 
Published: August 2022

Мета: дослідити особливості рослинних композицій в сутінках та в нічний час; підібрати відносно невибагливі рослини, які найкраще підходять для даної пори та коротко описати їхні особливості; визначити проблематику побудови таких композицій, які будуть вдало виглядати навіть у темряві; ознайомитися з проблемами «нічного» озеленення та їх вирішенням; дослідити рослини, на які варто робити акценти в подібному озелененні; визначити способи створення естетичних рослинних композицій для сутінок на конкретних прикладах.Методологія: У статті використано порівняльний та історичний аналіз. У ході написання статті було використано різноманітні наукові джерела, наукову літературу, посібники з догляду за рослинами, фотографії, зображення рослинРезультати. Виявлено, що світло-кольорове середовище формується на основі комплексного проєктування. Цей процес включає три рівні: формування художніх вражень від світло-кольорового середовища, створення емоційно-образних характеристик і властивостей; розроблення інженерних пристроїв і світло-технічного обладнання з різними експлуатаційними характеристиками; формування власного стану світло-кольорового середовища для певного впливу на людину, забезпечення візуального комфорту. Виявлено потребу оволодіння мистецтвом освітлення, яка вирішується архітекторами та дизайнерами на стадії проєктування міста та міського середовища.Наукова новизна: з’ясовано та встановлено про наявність певних способів «нічного» озеленення, а саме: рослини, що розкриваються у вечірній час; рослини, добре помітні навіть у темряві; на яких рослинах варто робити акценти у темряві; проблематику естетичного вигляду рослинних композицій у сутінках та в темряві та вирішення даної проблеми; правильне освітлення композицій для досягнення більшого ефекту.
Evaluation of T Cell Proliferation Using CFSE Dilution Assay: A Comparison between Stimulation with PHA and Anti-CD3/Anti-CD28 Coated Beads
Authors: Kashef Sara , Moghtaderi Mozhgan , Hatami Hamid Reza , Kalani Mehdi , Alyasin Soheila , Nabavizadeh Hesamodin , Farjadian Shirin 
Published: August 2022

A decrease in T cell count or reduced T cell function can be indicative of T cell immunodeficiency. In the present study, T-cell function was assessed using Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dilution test after stimulation with commonly used Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or anti-CD3/anti-CD28 coated beads in pediatric patients with recurrent infections.
Seven infants with recurrent infections and seven sex/age-matched healthy infants were included in this study. A blood cell count, immunophenotyping, and serum immunoglobulin level were performed. The proliferation of T cells was also assessed with CFSE dilution after stimulation with PHA or anti-CD3/anti-CD28 coated beads.
This study showed increased IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in patients compared to the controls. In contrast to the controls, the immunophenotyping results showed a significant decline in the number of CD4+ T cells in patients. Although there was no difference in CD3+ T cell proliferation between patients and controls, the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation rates were significantly decreased in patients when stimulated with PHA.
As a mitogen with the potential for maximum proliferation of T cells, PHA is better able to distinguish between patients with recurrent infections and controls than anti-CD3/anti-CD28, which mimics only the TCR pathway for stimulation of T cells.
Pembelajaran online masa pandemi covid-19 berbasis grup whatsapp untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar
Authors: Wicaksana Ervan Johan , Atmadja Pramana 
Published: August 2022

<p>Penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa secara online pada masa pandemi Covid-19 pada sistem sirkulasi dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pengisian kuesioner berupa Google Form yang dikirimkan melalui WhatsApp Group. Data berupa skala likert dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan WhatsApp Group sebagai media pembelajaran online pada materi Sistem Sirkulasi dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa yang dibuktikan dengan hasil analisis data berdasarkan jawaban siswa pada angket yang telah dibagikan. Menurut mereka, Sistem Peredaran Darah sangat menarik, hal ini dinyatakan oleh 70% siswa yang bersemangat saat mempelajari Sistem Peredaran Darah. Setelah melakukan pembelajaran online melalui WhatsApp Group. 60% siswa memahami materi Sistem Peredaran Darah yang diberikan menggunakan Grup WhatsApp.</p><p> </p><p><em><strong>Online learning during covid-19 pandemic with whatsapp group to improve students' learning motivation</strong>. This research is to improve student motivation to learn online during the Covid-19 pandemic on the circulation system using problem-based learning models. The data collection in this study was carried out through filling out a questionnaire in the form of a Google Form that was sent through WhatsApp Group. Data in the form of a Likert scale were analyzed descriptively quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that the use of WhatsApp Group as an online learning medium in the Circulation System material can increase student motivation as evidenced by the results of data analysis based on student answers in the questionnaire that has been distributed. According to them, the Circulatory System is very interesting, this is stated by 70% of students who are excited when studying the Circulatory System. After doing online learning through WhatsApp Group. 60% of students understand the Circulatory System material given using WhatsApp Group.</em></p>
Evidence for Protracted Intracrustal Reworking of Palaeoarchaean Crust in the Pilbara Craton (Mount Edgar Dome, Western Australia)
Authors: Buzenchi Anda , Moreira Hugo , Bruguier Olivier , Dhuime Bruno 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
~3.5-2.8 Ga granitoids from the Pilbara Craton in Western Australia are one of the most ancient and best-preserved records of early processes of continental crust generation. A number of recent studies have focused on the nature of the mantle source from which Pilbara granitoids derived, yet no consensus has been reached on whether the mantle was chondritic or depleted in the Eo/Palaeoarchaean. Here we present integrated whole-rock (major and trace elements) and zircon (U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes) data for 10 granitoids sampled across the Mount Edgar Dome, which recorded four main magmatic events between 3.47 and 3.23 Ga. Whole-rock major and trace element analyses suggest that the samples belong to two distinct petrogenetic groups. The first group is akin to the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) suite, representing highly fractionated magmas initially formed by partial melting of a basaltic crust. The second group, here classified as granites, is best interpreted by the remelting of a basaltic crust and the addition of more evolved material, and it is striking that TTG-like and granitic magmas occurred coevally in time and space. Overall, both groups were formed through intense intracrustal differentiation processes that lead to the loss of significant geochemical information about their original sources. High-precision Lu-Hf analyses in zircon allow to obtain such information and to trace back the isotopic composition of the Palaeoarchaean mantle. A clear change from superchondritic to subchondritic Hf isotope compositions is observed between 3.47 and 3.23 Ga. The superchondritic Hf isotope composition of the 3.47 Ga old granitoids substantiates derivation from a depleted mantle source that separated from the chondritic mantle prior to 3.8 Ga. The presence of ca. 3.5 Ga old inherited zircons in younger magmas suggests that crustal remelting processes were involved in their generation. We propose that all granitoids investigated in this study had their crustal sources originated from a single mantle–crust differentiation event that occurred at 3.50 Ga. This event resulted in the differentiation, from the same original mantle, of two distinct crustal reservoirs, i.e., a mafic reservoir with a 176Lu/177Hf ratio of 0.023, and a reservoir of intermediate/felsic composition ( 176Lu/ 177Hf=0.013). 3.32-3.31 Ga-old granitoids were produced by remelting of the mafic reservoir, whereas 3.43 and 3.23 Ga granitoids derived from the intermediate/felsic reservoir. Overall, our data suggest that protracted intracrustal remelting processes and differentiation have played a key role in the formation, evolution, and maturation of the building blocks of continents during the Palaeoarchaean.
Research on the Nucleation Mechanism and Early Warning Method of Strain Rockburst in Deep-Buried Tunnel Based on Microseismic Monitoring
Authors: Yu Qun , Bao Chunyan , Jin Shengji , Wang Junxiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In order to discuss the nucleation mechanism of strain rockburst, this paper takes the rockburst section of deep diversion tunnel of Jinping Hydropower Project of Yalong River as the research object. Through the study of microseismic monitoring technology and the regularity of microseismic parameters, as well as combining the qualitative and quantitative analysis, the nucleation process and instability failure mechanism of strain rockburst were revealed, and the internal relationship between microseismic evolution law and rockburst process was explored. The monitoring results and analysis showed that the development process of strain rockburst under engineering disturbance can be divided into three stages: tensile crack initiation and development stage, macroscopic shear crack formation stage, and overall instability stage, respectively. The failure process was mainly that two macroscopic shear cracks caused by tensile failure were connected and developed to the tunnel wall and then formed a closed triangle region. The rock mass in this area appeared plate-like splitting, spalling, and wedge-shaped rock mass ejection at a certain initial velocity, which eventually lead to intense rockburst and overall instability failure. The results also showed that the rockburst failure process under engineering excavation was in good agreement with the traditional syllogism of rockburst. Meanwhile, based on the evolution characteristics of source parameters and statistical parameters, including microseismic energy, moment magnitude, cumulative apparent volume, energy index, and b value, the quantitative interpretation of the source parameter provided significant evidence and insight into characterization of strainbursts. In addition, these parameter fluctuation characteristics can be effectively used as the precursor information and early warning index of strain rockburst failure. The results of this study can provide reference for monitoring and early warning of rockburst in deep tunnel and taking effective prevention and support measures in time.
Experimental Study on the Fracture Toughness of Granite Affected by Coupled Mechanical-Thermo
Authors: Feng Gan , Liu Chen-Bo , Wang Ji-Lan , Tao Ye , Duan Zhi-Pan , Xiang Wei-Ning 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hot dry rock geothermal energy is deep geological energy. Its ability to resist fracture is an important basis for effective reconstruction and scientific evaluation of the stability of geothermal reservoirs. Hot dry rock is typically buried deeply, and the reservoir is often in a high-temperature and high stress environment. There have been limited studies conducted on the effect of different three-dimensional stress and temperature on granite fracture toughness. Thereby, herein an experimental study is conducted on the heat treatment of granite under different external loads and temperatures. The variation in fracture toughness of granite with temperature and pressure is studied using a three-point bending fracture mechanics experiment, scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, and acoustic wave velocity measurement. The results show that under the joint influence of 25 MPa deviator stress and 200 °C temperature, the Mode I, Mixed mode (I + II), and Mode II fracture toughness of granite show a nonlinear change trend of decreasing and increasing. Among the three modes, the change range of Mode I fracture toughness is not more than 10% which is not significant. Contrarily, the degradation effect of rock mechanical properties caused by the joint action of stress and temperature in Mode II and Mixed mode (I + II) is predominant. The maximum range of Mode II fracture toughness is reduced by 22%, whereas the maximum range of Mixed mode (I + II) fracture toughness is reduced by 18%. However, the compression action of three-dimensional stress causes a slight enhancement in granite mechanical properties, wherein the maximum range of Mixed mode (I + II) fracture toughness is increased by 12%. Furthermore, the change of granite’s ability to resist tensile, shear, and composite (tensile + shear) fracture is not coordinated under the joint action of different temperatures and external loads. This may be due to the small deviator stress effect, which is similar to the early loading stage of uniaxial compression. External loads and thermal stress damage occur in the rock along with the compaction of pore cracks. These mechanisms have different dominant positions under varied temperature and three-dimensional stress coupling conditions, resulting in either the enhancement or weakening of the mechanical properties of granite. The results of this experimental study are conducive to gaining an in-depth understanding of the change law of deep rock mechanical properties and the exploration of hot dry rock reservoir reconstruction.