bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haplotype‐resolved genome of a papeda provides insights into the geographical origin and evolution of Citrus
Authors: Wang Fusheng , Wang Shaohua , Wu Yilei , Jiang Dong , Yi Qian , Zhang Manman , Yu Hong , Yuan Xiaoyu , Li Mingzhu , Li Guijie , Cheng Yujiao , Feng Jipeng , Wang Xiaoli , Cheng Chunzhen , Zhu Shiping , Liu Renyi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe publication of several high‐quality genomes has contributed greatly to clarifying the evolution of citrus. However, due to their complex genetic backgrounds, the origins and evolution of many citrus species remain unclear. We assembled de novo the 294‐Mbp chromosome‐level genome of a more than 200‐year‐old primitive papeda (DYC002). Comparison between the two sets of homologous chromosomes of the haplotype‐resolved genome revealed 1.2% intragenomic variations, including 1.75 million SNPs, 149,471 insertions and 154,215 deletions. Using this genome as a reference, we resequenced and performed population and phylogenetic analyses of 378 representative citrus accessions. Our study confirmed that the primary origin center of core Citrus species is in South China, particularly in the Himalaya–Hengduan Mountains. Papeda species are an ancient Citrus type compared with C. ichangensis. We found that the evolution of the Citrus genus followed two radiations through two routes (to East China and Southeast Asia) along river systems. Evidence for the origin and evolution of some individual citrus species was provided. Papeda probably played an important role in the origins of Australian finger lime, citrons, Honghe papeda and pummelos; Ichang papeda originated from Yuanjiang city of Yunnan Province, China, and C. mangshanensis has a close relationship with kumquat and Ichang papeda. Moreover, the Hunan and Guangdong Provinces of China are predicted to be the origin center of mandarin, sweet orange and sour orange. Additionally, our study revealed that fruit bitterness was significantly selected against during citrus domestication. Taken together, this study provides new insight into the origin and evolution of citrus species and may serve as a valuable genomic resource for citrus breeding and improvement.
A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of a Nutraceutical Supplement With Standardized Botanicals in Males With Thinning Hair
Authors: Bhatia Neal , Ablon Glynis , Farris Patricia K. , Hazan Adina , Raymond Isabelle 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHair thinning in men is a prevalent issue for which treatment oftentimes consists of a multi‐modal approach. Targeting key root causes of hair thinning, such as hormones, stress, and metabolism through vitamins, minerals, and botanicals, has been shown to be effective in improving hair growth and quality in women. This approach could also be effective in improving hair growth and quality in men with thinning hair.AimsThis study investigates the safety and efficacy of a nutraceutical in improving hair growth and quality in men with thinning hair.MethodsThis was a 6‐month multi‐center, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial. Men aged 21–61 years old with confirmed hair thinning were included. Subjects were randomized to receive the oral supplement or placebo. The study end points included changes in blinded Global Investigator Ratings for hair growth and quality, the Men's Hair Growth Questionnaire (MHGQ), and changes in the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) in the active group compared to baseline and placebo.ResultsDaily intake of the nutraceutical resulted in significantly more subjects in the active group compared to the placebo rated as improved for hair growth and quality in the blinded investigator global assessments. Overall changes and responses to the MHGQ also corroborated blinded investigator ratings. There were no trends in either treatment group for changes in sexual function on the ASEX questionnaire, and the supplement was well tolerated.ConclusionsIngestion of a nutraceutical targeting key root causes of male hair thinning significantly improves hair growth and quality in men with no changes in sexual function.
Middle Cerebral Artery M2 Occlusions: Impact of Segment Dominance and Benefit of Direct Aspiration for the First‐Pass Effect
Authors: Navia Pedro , Barrios Andrés Javier , Utrilla Cristina , Fuentes Blanca , Fernández‐Prieto Andrés , Álvarez‐Muelas Alberto , Frutos Remedios , Marín Begoña , Royo Arantxa , García‐Raya Pilar , Fernández‐Zubillaga Amelia , de Celis Elena , Puig Josep , Comas‐Cufí Marc , Arráez‐Aybar Luis‐Alfonso , Garzón Gonzalo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeEndovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with M2 segment occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is debatable. This study assessed the efficacy, safety, and functional outcomes of EVT in M2 occlusion patients, examining differences in outcomes based on the dominance of the occluded segment (DomM2 vs. Non‐DomM2).MethodsA prospective cohort of 108 patients with AIS resulting from M2 segment occlusion of the MCA who underwent EVT was analyzed. We compared demographic, clinical, angiographic, and clinical outcome data (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score at 24 h and modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score at 3 months) between patients with or without DomM2. The primary endpoint was the first‐pass effect (FPE), defined as achieving modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2c–3 after one pass. We examined the symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation, 3‐month functional outcomes, and mortality rates.ResultsSeventy‐five patients (69.44%) had DomM2. FPE rates (48.48% for DomM2; 42.66% for Non‐DomM2, p = 0.521), final successful recanalization rate, and functional outcomes were comparable between subgroups. Direct aspiration yielded a higher FPE rate (56.25%). FPE was associated with lower NIHSS scores at discharge (median, 2 [interquartile range 0–4] vs. 5 [1–10]; p < 0.001) and higher 3‐month functional independence (83.33% vs. 60.34%; p < 0.001). Direct aspiration independently predicted FPE, with a 75% likelihood compared to stent retriever (p = 0.007).ConclusionsEVT is a safe and effective treatment for acute M2 occlusion regardless of the dominance of the M2 segment. Direct aspiration used as a frontline technique increases the likelihood of FPE.
Functional Connectivity to the Amygdala in the Neonate Is Impacted by the Maternal Anxiety Level During Pregnancy
Authors: Hill Trenesha L. , Na Xiaoxu , Bellando Jayne , Glasier Charles M. , Ou Xiawei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeAnxiety during pregnancy is common, and exposure to heightened anxiety during pregnancy may influence children's brain development and functioning. However, it is unclear if exposure to low levels of anxiety in utero would also impact the developing brain. The current prospective and longitudinal study included 40 healthy pregnant women without pregnancy complications or previous diagnosis of anxiety disorders.MethodsPregnant women's anxiety symptoms were measured at 12, 24, and 36 weeks of gestation. Their healthy, full‐term offspring underwent a brain MRI scan without sedation, including resting‐state functional MRI, at 2 weeks postnatal age. The associations between neonatal brain cortical functional connectivity originating from the amygdala and maternal prenatal anxiety symptom scores were examined using correlational analyses.ResultsSignificant correlations were identified after controlling for child sex, postmenstrual age at MRI, and mother's depression symptom scores. Higher maternal anxiety during pregnancy was related to alterations in offspring's functional connectivity between the amygdala and other brain regions involved in fear learning. Specifically, higher maternal prenatal anxiety during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with lower connectivity between the amygdala and fusiform gyrus and higher connectivity between the amygdala and thalamus. Higher maternal prenatal anxiety during the third trimester was also associated with lower connectivity between the amygdala and fusiform gyrus.ConclusionsThe findings from this study indicate that exposure to low levels of anxiety in utero may also impact offspring brain development and functioning, particularly brain regions that are important for threat detection.
Effect of Using Vitamin C Supplementation on Performance, Blood Parameters, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Under Heat Stress Condition: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Tavakolinasab Fatemeh , Hashemi Mazaher 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of vitamin C (Vit C) supplementation on broiler performance, blood parameters, carcass characteristics and meat quality under heat stress. Based on searches conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science, 35 studies published in authoritative journals from 1985 to 2023 were meta‐analysed. Heterogeneity was explored by meta‐regression analysis. The results of this meta‐analysis showed that the body weight (BW, SMD = +0.339, p = 0.003) and average daily gain (ADG, SMD = +0.381, p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the group receiving Vit C supplementation under heat stress compared to the control group. However, Vit C supplementation did not have a significant effect on feed intake (FI, SMD = +0.084, p = 0.245), but the results were significant for the feed conversion ratio (FCR, SMD = −0.529, p = 0.001). Breast, thigh, abdominal fat, carcass drop loss, liver, gizzard, heart and spleen were not affected by Vit C supplementation, but it has a significant effect on wing weight (SMD = −3.77, p = 0.001). The use of Vit C supplementation decreased triglyceride (SMD = −0.527, p = 0.001), cholesterol (SMD = −0.976, p = 0.001) and blood glucose (SMD = −0.734, p = 0.02) concentrations in the broiler under heat stress. Breast meat quality (L*, a* and b*) was not affected by Vit C supplementation. In the current study, most of the responses had high heterogeneity (I2 > 50%). The findings of this meta‐analysis demonstrated that, in broiler chickens under heat stress, adding Vit C supplementation to the feed can enhance performance. However, Vit C did not have a significant effect on carcass characteristics and the quality of the breast meat of broiler chickens. According to our meta‐analysis results, utilisation of 250 mg/kg of Vit C is recommended as an effective growth promoter in broiler under heat stress, and as an antioxidant compound, it had a positive effect on reducing blood TG and TC.
Dialect‐Specific Modes Influence Second Language Production: Evidence From Bidialectal Shanghai–Mandarin Chinese Learners of English Within the Second Language Linguistic Perception Model
Authors: Liu Xiaoluan , Bai Lan , Escudero Paola 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe present study investigates the impact of bidialectalism on L2 production, focusing on the role of dialect modes. Shanghai–Mandarin Chinese bidialectal speakers were recruited to produce second language (L2) English vowels under the influence of either Shanghai or Mandarin Chinese mode. Results showed that in the Shanghai mode, participants’ English vowel production closely resembled that of native English speakers. Notably, Shanghai Chinese significantly influenced English vowel production in the Shanghai mode, and Mandarin Chinese had a strong impact on English vowel production in the Mandarin mode. This highlights that each first language (L1) dialect—that is, the activated dialect mode—significantly influences L2 English vowel production. The present study reveals that bidialectal speakers have differential L2 production performance depending on the L1 dialect mode that they activate. These results are interpreted within the framework of the second language linguistic perception (L2LP) model, contributing to the theoretical understanding of how L1 dialect modes influence L2 acquisition.
Coupling Spatial Working Memory With STEM Educational Performance and Related Neural Markers—Evidence From ERPs
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Xiong Mengqi , Guo Binbin , Huang Rongchuan , Li Mengxue , Li Mengyao , Feng Xue , Qin Tianyu , Wei Zixu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWorking memory is a hot topic in the field of cognitive neuroscience and has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of education. In recent years, it has been found that the cognitive ability related to spatial information in working memory can positively affect STEM academic performance, which is highly important for educational practice. However, empirical studies on the relationship between spatial working memory and education, especially STEM education, are still scarce, especially studies on the combination of brain electrophysiological activities. On this basis, we designed an n‐back spatial working memory experiment and recorded the electrophysiological data at the same time. The results indicate that STEM education level has a significant main effect on participants' behavioral accuracy, whereas working memory load has no significant main effect on behavioral accuracy. The differential characteristics of the N1, P3, and LPP components in electrophysiological ERP performance also have potential as biomarkers to distinguish between different types of STEM educational performance. This means that there is a new direction and focus for STEM education from macro decision‐making and reform to micro design and intervention. Moreover, this study provides exploratory ideas for the optimization of different subject courses in STEM education and science education related to students' growth process.
Hybrid‐data‐driven bridge weigh‐in‐motion technology using a two‐level sequential artificial neural network
Authors: Yan Wangchen , Ren Hao , Luo Xin , Li Shaofan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFor existing bridge weigh‐in‐motion technologies, the main challenge in accurate weight estimation is to overcome the difficulty of identifying the closely spaced axles. To do so, many field test data are generally required for each bridge in application. To address such a challenge, a novel two‐level sequential artificial neural network (ANN) model trained by the hybrid simulated‐experimental data was proposed in this study to identify the gross weight and axle weight. For this, simulations and scaled experiments were conducted for the vehicle–bridge interaction system to develop the sequential ANN model. The sequential ANN model was realized by a special data looping strategy, in which the outputs of the global‐level ANN served as partial inputs to the following local‐level ANN to predict the axle weight. The optimized size of the training data and the appropriate hybrid ratio of the sequential ANN model were also explored. Finally, the proposed algorithm was applied to a real bridge application via transfer learning, as the optimized hybrid sequential ANN model serves as the pre‐trained model. The results showed that for the small training datasets with only 5% experimental data, the proposed algorithm significantly improved the accuracy in weight estimation of moving vehicles with closely spaced axles. The field test demonstrated that the proposed algorithm also applies to different bridges within a gross weight identification error of 5%, showing the promise of the proposed algorithm in practical applications.
Does non‐territorial autonomy essentialise ethnicity? Cultural autonomy legislation in interwar Estonia
Authors: Tark Triin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTheorists of non‐territorial autonomy (NTA) have argued that one of its weaknesses is that it essentialises ethnicity and thereby potentially increases societal tensions. This article challenges this view by analysing cultural autonomy legislation in interwar Estonia, particularly national registers of minority self‐governments. It shows that while the constitutional right to subjective ethnic self‐identification was abolished several years after the implementation of cultural autonomy, the core reason for the abolition was the legal importance of ethnicity and bureaucratic practices of ethnicity determination that existed years before the autonomy was implemented. National registers had a potential to be based on subjective self‐identification, yet lawmakers abandoned this principle when they adapted the autonomy legislation to existing bureaucratic practices stemming from tense ethnic relations. Thus, the article argues that associating NTA with the essentialisation of ethnicity is misleading and suggests that instrumental considerations of relevant actors and social contexts should be paid more attention instead.
Towards a realist theory of nationalism: Exploring realpolitik and the threshold principle in nineteenth century nationalism
Authors: Glenthøj Rasmus 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article critiques Ernest Gellner's definition of nationalism for not fully capturing the intricacies of nineteenth‐century nationalist movements and introduces “realist nationalism” as a more comprehensive framework. By integrating Eric Hobsbawm's threshold principle with the realism prevalent in international relations, this concept emphasises the strategic importance of power and security in nationalist endeavours. Through a detailed historical analysis, the study demonstrates how pre‐World War II nationalist movements and state formations were significantly influenced by realpolitik, thereby challenging the conventional dichotomy between nationalism and imperialism. “Realist nationalism” provides a nuanced historical understanding of nationalism's interplay with geopolitical dynamics, offering insights that illuminate the complexities of nationalist movements both in the past and their continuing relevance today.
Research Progress and Hot Topics in Telerehabilitation for Hip or Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Liqiong , Zhang Liming , He Chengqi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveMany publications on telerehabilitation for hip or knee arthroplasty have been published in recent years. However, no specific studies have attempted to characterize research hotspots, global research collaborations, or trends related to telerehabilitation after hip or knee arthroplasty. Therefore, the aim of this bibliometric analysis was to provide an overview of the current status of research and map the research landscape on telerehabilitation for joint replacement to understand current trends, identify research gaps, and guide future research directions.MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed were comprehensively searched to identify all relevant English‐language documents published from 2003 to June 7, 2024. Data from these published studies were then cleaned and structured. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to conduct the bibliometric visualization and comparative analysis of countries, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords. Then, the map illustrating the research hotspots and knowledge structure was plotted based on the analysis results.ResultsA total of 229 records were obtained, and the number of articles published has increased steadily over the investigated period. The largest increase was observed in 2022. With the highest number of publications and centrality, the United States was the most influential country. The University of Sherbrooke was the most productive institution. Author Boissy P. ranked first in terms of the number of publications, while Tousignant M. ranked highest in cited authors, with 7 publications and 65 citations. The Journal of Arthroplasty published the greatest number of articles, with 29 publications. The most popular keywords from 2018 to 2023 were “home telerehabilitation,” “older adults,” and “physical therapy”. In terms of the strongest citation burst, the top five keywords were associated with “total knee arthroplasty,” “in home tele rehabilitation,” “physical activity,” “motion,” and “range.” The frontier keywords were “patient satisfaction,” “mobile application,” “self‐efficacy,” “fear avoidance model,” “home assessment tool,” and “cost benefit analysis.”ConclusionsThe current status and trends in telerehabilitation for hip or knee arthroplasty are presented. A major concern at present is physical therapy for home telerehabilitation in the elderly. In the future, mobile app–based telerehabilitation programs for arthroplasty will continue to be encouraged, and some outcomes, such as “patient satisfaction,” “self‐efficacy,” and “cost benefit analysis,” are expected to receive more attention. Our work will serve as a valuable resource, providing fundamental references and a directional guide for future research.
Carbon Dynamics Under Drought and Recovery in Grapevine's Leaves
Authors: Perry Aviad , Sperling Or , Rachmilevitch Shimon , Hochberg Uri 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDrought stress reduces leaf net assimilation (AN) and phloem export, but the equilibrium between the two is unknown. Consequently, the leaf carbon balance and the primary use of the leaf nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) under water deficit are unclear. Also, we do not know how quickly leaves can replenish their NSC storage and resume export after rehydration.Hence, we dried grapevines to either zero AN, leaf turgor loss, or complete wilting while following the leaf carbon dynamics.The vines ceased growth and minimized carbon export under drought, conserving the leaves NSC until AN zeroed. Subsequently, the leaves slowly depleted their NSC storage. However, the NSC depletion rate in the leaves was too slow to support the leaf's energetic requirements, potentially transforming the leaves into carbon sinks. Even under extreme drought (–2 MPa), the leaves had substantial NSC reserves (38% of the controls). After rehydration, all surviving leaves recovered their NSC storage within a week, and even leaves that were later shed had functional phloem export in the week after rehydration. The study reveals the leaf carbon relations under drought, highlighting the preference of the leaf to conserve its NSC storage rather than utilize it.
Prevalence of Malnutrition in Children With Congenital Ichthyoses in a Tertiary Care Centre in India
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Verma Damini , Himadri  , Meena Amit kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMalnutrition has been reported in congenital ichthyoses in several studies, but its prevalence in Indian children with congenital ichthyoses (CI) as compared to unaffected children is unknown. The objective was to assess the prevalence of malnutrition in 32 children with CI and matched healthy controls and to study the correlation between clinical severity of ichthyosis using visual ichthyosis index severity (VIIS) score with malnutrition, biochemical parameters (hemoglobin, vitamin D, protein and albumin). Malnutrition was detected in 46.8% (15/32) [wasting 40.6%; stunting 37.5%] of children with CI and 18.8% (6/32) (wasting 15.6%; stunting 12.5%) of controls (p value < 0.001) and there was positive correlation between the severity of ichthyosis and malnutrition (p value < 0.001). Children with ichthyosis are at increased risk of malnutrition, and early identification and treatment of malnutrition could improve the severity of ichthyosis and growth potential.