bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TSP1 promotes fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in keloids
Authors: Feng Qing‐Lan , Gu Jing‐Jing , Chen Jun‐Yi , Zheng Wen‐Yue , Pan Hui‐Hui , Xu Xue‐Yan , Deng Cheng‐Cheng , Yang Bin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractKeloids are benign fibroproliferative diseases with abnormally proliferated bulges beyond the edge of the skin lesions, and they are characterized by uncontrolled fibroblast proliferation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition in the dermis. However, the definite mechanisms that increase fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition in keloids remain unclear. Thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) has been suggested to play an important role in wound healing and fibrotic disorders, but its role in keloids is unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the specific role of TSP1 in keloids and explore the potential mechanism. Our results demonstrated that TSP1 was highly expressed in keloid lesions compared to normal skin. Knockdown of TSP1 in keloid fibroblasts decreased cell proliferation and collagen I deposition. Exogenous TSP1 treatment increased cell proliferation and collagen I deposition in normal fibroblasts. We further investigated the underlying mechanism and found that TSP1 promoted fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition by upregulating the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Moreover, we verified that TSP1 expression was positively correlated with IL6/STAT3 signalling activity in keloids. Taken together, our findings indicate that TSP1 promotes keloid development via the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway and blocking TSP1 may represent a potential strategy for keloid therapy.
Experimental study on triaxial creep behavior of red sandstone under different pore pressures based on ultrasonic measurement
Authors: Zhou Xiao‐Ping , Shen Fan , Berto Filippo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCreep behavior of red sandstone under different pore pressures with a high temperature and confining pressure condition is studied in this paper. Ultrasonic detection method is used to monitor the variation of S wave in the creep test. The attenuation coefficient and S‐wave velocity in the creep process are analyzed. Fast Fourier transform is used to analyze the variation of amplitude in peak frequency and four main frequencies. The experimental results show that the creep deformation increases with increasing pore pressure for a given deviatoric stress, and the S‐wave velocity and attenuation coefficient decrease with increasing pore pressure. The relationship between creep strain and damage of the sample is established. It is found that the increase of pore pressure accelerates the increased rate of sample damage. Frequency spectrum analysis shows that the generation and development rate of microcracks increases with increasing pore pressure. The research can provide a theoretical basis for mining of deep mineral resources and the structural stability analysis of deep underground engineering.
Helicobacter bilis infection induces oxidative stress in and enhances the proliferation of human cholangiocytes
Authors: Yamashita Mampei , Adachi Tomohiko , Ono Shinichiro , Yoshino Kyohei , Imamura Hajime , Matsushima Hajime , Tanaka Takayuki , Kosaka Taichiro , Soyama Akihiko , Hidaka Masaaki , Kanetaka Kengo , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter bilis, an enterohepatic Helicobacter species, represents a carcinogenic risk factor for cholangiocytes owing to the prevalence of infections in patients with biliary tract cancer, cholecystitis, and pancreaticobiliary maljunction. However, the effect of H. bilis infection on cholangiocytes and the process and mechanism of carcinogenesis are not known. We aimed to determine the effects of H. bilis on cholangiocytes, focusing on inflammation and oxidative stress.Materials and MethodsHelicobacter bilis and MMNK‐1 cells were cocultured for 24 h and inflammatory cytokine secretion was evaluated. Furthermore, MMNK‐1 cell proliferation, intracellular reactive oxidant species (ROS) production, and DNA damage caused by ROS were investigated. All factors were compared with and without H. bilis infection.ResultsInterleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐8 secretion were significantly increased in MMNK‐1 cocultures with H. bilis (IL‐6, 24.3 ± 12.2 vs. 271.1 ± 286.4 pg/ml; IL‐8, 167.6 ± 78.7 vs. 1085.1 ± 1047.1 pg/ml, p < .05). MMNK‐1 proliferation was also significantly higher in H. bilis cocultures (1.05 ± 0.02 vs. 1.00‐fold, respectively; p < .05). Coculturing enhanced the production of ROS in MMNK‐1 cells depending on the cell concentration of H. bilis (1.0 vs. 1.17 ± 0.06, p < .05); however, DNA injury was not observed in cocultures with H. bilis (5.35 ± 0.87 vs. 6.08 ± 0.55 pg/μl, p = .06).ConclusionsHelicobacter bilis infection induced ROS production in and enhanced the proliferation of cholangiocytes.
Late diagnosis of HIV infection in Warsaw: Estimating the scale of the problem and demographic trends
Authors: Puła Joanna , Kowalska Justyna , Paciorek Marcin , Bednarska Agnieszka , Skrzat‐Klapaczyńska Agata , Horban Andrzej 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLate diagnosis of a significant number of people with HIV remains a problem. This study analysed 1711 patients from the Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw who were diagnosed with HIV infection in 2008–2010 and 2016–2018.MethodsPatients with late diagnosis and advanced disease were distinguished on the basis of the consensus definition. In statistical analysis, non‐parametric tests were used to compare the groups: the χ2 test for categorized data and the Mann–Whitney U test for the comparison of continuous variables.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the percentage of patients with early diagnosis, late diagnosis, advanced disease and patients with an indicator disease between the two analysed periods in the Warsaw centre. A much higher percentage of men than women was found. The dominant route of acquisition among newly diagnosed patients and among late presenters in both periods were men who have sex with men (MSM). The highest percentage of patients with late diagnosis was among heterosexual men and the lowest was among MSM in both periods.ConclusionsThe results of the analysis of patients from the Warsaw centre confirmed that late diagnosis of HIV infection continues to be a problem, with no improvement seen over the analysed periods, although the scale of the problem is smaller than in national and European statistics. MSM and heterosexual men appear to be key groups in need of intensified testing.
Does a short Pollard walk transect capture butterfly and bee diversity? A test to inform pollinator monitoring and community science initiatives
Authors: Viliani Leonardo , Bonelli Simona , Vercelli Monica , Roy David B. , Riva Federico 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Widespread declines in insects will threaten ecosystem functioning and services. Nevertheless, a lack of data hinders assessments of population and biodiversity trends for many insect groups and thus effective conservation actions. Implementing cost‐effective, unbiased, and accurate monitoring programmes targeting different groups across a larger geographical range has therefore become a key conservation priority.
We evaluated a sampling protocol designed for community science initiatives targeting butterflies and bees. Specifically, we tested how well a short (200‐m long) version of traditional Pollard walk transects, designed to be accessible for large numbers of community scientists, captures changes in alpha and beta diversity of these two pollinator groups.
We used resampling methods to simulate and assess scenarios varying in sampling intensity and frequency. We found that alpha and beta diversity of butterflies and bees were estimated at similar accuracies across different scenarios, which suggests that even short transects can provide useful information on diversity patterns for both taxa. However, common sampling frequencies resulted in low accuracies (e.g. one sample every 10 days finds on average ~50% of the species present at a site).
We discuss our results in the context of developing large scale, structured monitoring systems for multiple insect taxa, and how information on biodiversity patterns can inform the expansion of monitoring schemes. We explain why, moving forward, even rapid sampling designs similar to the approach tested here will be useful given a higher potential to involve community scientists, data integration techniques, and the opportunities to sample under‐represented habitat types
Pre‐ and post‐association barriers to host switching in sympatric mutualists
Authors: Dinges Zoe M. , Phillips Raelyn K. , Lively Curtis M. , Bashey Farrah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCoevolution between mutualists can lead to reciprocal specialization, potentially causing barriers to host switching. Here, we conducted assays to identify pre‐ and post‐association barriers to host switching by endosymbiotic bacteria, both within and between two sympatric nematode clades. In nature, Steinernema nematodes and Xenorhabdus bacteria form an obligate mutualism. Free‐living juvenile nematodes carry Xenorhabdus in a specialized intestinal receptacle. When nematodes enter an insect, they release the bacteria into the insect hemocoel. The bacteria aid in killing the insect and facilitate nematode reproduction. Prior to dispersing from the insect, juvenile nematodes must form an association with their symbionts; the bacteria must adhere to the intestinal receptacle. We tested for pre‐association barriers by comparing the effects of bacterial strains on native versus non‐native nematodes via their virulence towards, nutritional support of, and ability to associate with different nematode species. We then assessed post‐association barriers by measuring the relative fitness of nematodes carrying each strain of bacteria. We found evidence for both pre‐ and post‐association barriers between nematode clades. Specifically, some bacteria were highly virulent to non‐native hosts, and some nematode hosts carried fewer cells of non‐native bacteria, creating pre‐association barriers. In addition, reduced infection success and lower nematode reproduction were identified as post‐association barriers. No barriers to symbiont switching were detected between nematode species within the same clade. Overall, our study suggests a framework that could be used to generate predictions for the evolution of barriers to host switching in this and other systems.
Composition of a chemical signalling trait varies with phylogeny and precipitation across an Australian lizard radiation
Authors: Zozaya Stephen M. , Teasdale Luisa C. , Moritz Craig , Higgie Megan , Hoskin Conrad J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe environment presents challenges to the transmission and detection of animal signalling systems, resulting in selective pressures that can drive signal divergence amongst populations in disparate environments. For chemical signals, climate is a potentially important selective force because factors such as temperature and moisture influence the persistence and detection of chemicals. We investigated an Australian lizard radiation (Heteronotia) to explore relationships between a sexually dimorphic chemical signalling trait (epidermal pore secretions) and two key climate variables: temperature and precipitation. We reconstructed the phylogeny ofHeteronotiawith exon capture phylogenomics, estimated phylogenetic signal in amongst‐lineage chemical variation and assessed how chemical composition relates to temperature and precipitation using multivariate phylogenetic regressions. High estimates of phylogenetic signal indicate that the composition of epidermal pore secretions varies amongst lineages in a manner consistent with Brownian motion, although there are deviations to this, with stark divergences coinciding with two phylogenetic splits. Accounting for phylogenetic non‐independence, we found that amongst‐lineage chemical variation is associated with geographic variation in precipitation but not temperature. This contrasts somewhat with previous lizard studies, which have generally found an association between temperature and chemical composition. Our results suggest that geographic variation in precipitation can affect the evolution of chemical signalling traits, possibly influencing patterns of divergence amongst lineages and species.
Dementia and COVID‐19 infection control in assisted living in seven states
Authors: Zimmerman Sheryl , Sloane Philip D. , Hickey Johanna Silbersack , Wretman Christopher J. , Gizlice Selen P. , Thomas Kali S. , Carder Paula , Preisser John S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAssisted living (AL) is the largest residential long‐term care provider in the United States, including for persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Despite recognizing the challenge of infection control for persons with dementia, this study of 119 AL communities is the first to describe dementia‐relevant COVID‐19 infection control across different types of AL communities, and to discuss implications for the future.MethodsFrom a parent study sampling frame of 244 AL communities across seven states, 119 administrators provided data about COVID‐19 infection control practices and resident behaviors. Data were collected from July 2020 through September 2021. Communities were differentiated based on the presence of beds/units dedicated for persons living with dementia, as being either dementia‐specific, mixed, or integrated. Data obtained from administrators related to feasibility of implementing seven infection control practices, and the extent to which residents themselves practiced infection prevention. Analyses compared practices across the three community types.ResultsLess than half of administrators found it feasible to close indoor common areas, all community types reported a challenge organizing group activities for safe distancing, and more than half of residents with dementia did not wear a face covering or maintain physical distance from other residents when indicated. Dementia‐specific AL communities were generally the most challenged with infection control during COVID‐19.ConclusionAll AL community types experienced infection control challenges, more so in dementia‐specific communities (which generally provide care to persons with more advanced dementia and have fewer private beds). Results indicate a need to bolster infection prevention capacity when caring for this especially vulnerable population, and have implications for care in nursing homes as well.
Is there a correlation between pelvic incidence and orientation of the acetabulum? An analysis based on a three‐dimensional statistical model of the pelvic ring
Authors: Arand Charlotte , Noser Hansrudi , Kamer Lukas , Gehweiler Dominic , Handrich Kirstin , Rommens Pol M. , Wagner Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe pelvic ring is a complex anatomical structure building up the connection between the trunk and the legs. Whilst there is a broad discussion in the literature about the dynamic interaction between spine, pelvis and the hip joints, there is still little information about the relation and interaction of the constant pelvic parameters. Based on a three‐dimensional (3D) statistical model consisting of 150 uninjured and bony healthy pelves (100 Europeans, 50 Japanese; 81 males, 69 females; average age 74.3 years ± 17.5 years) an evaluation of pelvic incidence (PI) and acetabular orientation in anteversion and inclination was performed and potential correlations of these intraindividual constant parameters were investigated. Pelvic incidence is defined as the angle between the perpendicular to the sacral plate at its midpoint and the line connecting this point to the middle axis of the femoral heads. Acetabular anteversion is defined as the angle between the perpendicular to the best‐fit plane on the acetabular rim and the coronal plane measured in strict lateral view. Acetabular inclination is defined as the angle between the perpendicular to the best‐fit plane on the acetabular rim and the sagittal plane in strict frontal view. Data were further analysed with regard to different subgroup's age, sex and ethnicity. A positive correlation between PI and acetabular anteversion could be demonstrated. Further, PI and also the acetabular parameters anteversion and inclination were found to be significantly higher in the European individuals than in the Asian. The results of the present study demonstrate a relation between the anatomical configuration of the constant pelvic parameters building up the connection points to the next proximal respectively caudal skeleton section. The findings might lead to more comprehensive treatment strategies in case of trauma or degenerative pathologies of the pelvis in the future.
Surgery for deep infiltrating rectal endometriosis—Selecting the right approach
Authors: Jeyabalan Tamyenthini , Ambikapathi Theiyallen , Subramaniam Sentilnathan , Sriram Ratha Krishnan , Azizan Nornazirah , Hayati Firdaus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEndometriosis involving the bowel is a form of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). The endometriotic lesions can infiltrate the bowel layers mimicking a malignancy. The majority of bowel involvement happens in the colon and rectum. We report our experience in surgically managing rectal endometriosis in two patients, one via a conservative approach and the other with a more radical approach and their associated short‐term and long‐term outcomes are observed. In principle, surgery remains the mainstay of treatment in managing rectal DIE with adjuvant hormonal therapy. The selection of surgical approach should be based on disease factors such as the size of the lesions and extent of the disease, patient factors including fitness for surgery and expectations as well as logistics and resource limitations.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in the Transdiagnostic Treatment of a Breast Cancer Survivor: A Case Study1
Authors: Sakai Mie , Kondo Masaki , Sugiura Takeshi , Akechi Tatsuo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe describe a case report on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for a breast cancer survivor with chronic postsurgical pain, fear of cancer recurrence, and depression. As part of multidisciplinary therapy at the pain center, 17 sessions of ACT and two follow‐up sessions were provided over approximately 6 months. Outcome measures (chronic pain and fear of cancer recurrence) and process measures (pain acceptance and valued action) were assessed. Outcome measures, including pain intensity, interference, quality of life, and fear of cancer recurrence, and ACT process measures improved after the intervention and at follow‐up sessions compared to baseline. Over the treatment course, depression symptoms worsened, which necessitated a leave of absence from work for several months, during which time the patient engaged in intensive ACT. Ultimately, the patient returned to work, resumed her hobbies, and acquired a new habit of exercising, demonstrating changes to her lifestyle as well. The results support the efficacy of ACT in patients with multiple psychological and physical symptoms.
A subnational affordability assessment of nutritious foods for complementary feeding in Kenya
Authors: Ryckman Theresa , Codjia Patrick , Nordhagen Stella , Arimi Caroline , Kirogo Veronica , Kiige Laura , Kamudoni Penjani , Beal Ty 
Published: June 2022

AbstractComplementary feeding among children aged 6–23 months is a key determinant of micronutrient deficiencies and childhood stunting, the burdens of which remain high in Kenya. This study examines the affordability of complementary foods to increase young children's nutrient consumption across eight provinces in Kenya. We combined data from household surveys, food composition tables and published sources to estimate the cost of portion sizes that could meet half of the children's daily iron, vitamin A, calcium, zinc, folate, vitamin B12 and protein requirements from complementary feeding. These costs were compared to current household food expenditures. The selection of foods and price and expenditure data were stratified by province. Our analysis indicates that vitamin A, vitamin B12 and folate are affordable to most households in Kenya via liver, beans and in some provinces, orange‐fleshed fruits and vegetables, avocado and small dried fish. Calcium, animal‐source protein, zinc and iron were less affordable and there was more provincial variation. In some provinces, small dried fish were an affordable source of calcium, protein and zinc. In others (North Eastern, Central, Eastern, parts of Rift Valley and Coast), small dried fish were not commonly consumed and other foods were less affordable. Future research should consider interventions aimed at reducing prices, increasing availability and changing behaviours related to these foods. Solutions such as supplementation and fortification may be needed for iron and zinc in some locations. Food affordability presented the greatest barriers in North Eastern province, which had lower dietary diversity and may require additional targeted interventions.
Joint power distribution and charging network design for electrified mobility with user equilibrium decisions
Authors: Hajibabai Leila , Atik Asya , Mirheli Amir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) requires the development of a highly flexible charging network. The design and management of the charging infrastructure for EV‐dominated transportation systems are intertwined with power grid operations both economically and technically. High penetration of EVs in the future can increase the charging loads and cause a wide range of operational issues in power distribution networks (PDNs). This paper aims to design an EV charging network with an embedded PDN layout to account for energy dispatch and underlying traffic flows in urban transportation networks supporting electric mobility in the near future. A mixed‐integer bilevel model is proposed with the EV charging facility location and PDN energy decisions in the upper level and user equilibrium traffic assignment in the lower level considering an uncertain charging demand. The objective is to minimize the cost of PDN operations, charging facility deployments, and transportation. The proposed problem is solved using a column and constraint generation (C&CG ) algorithm, while a macroscopic fundamental diagram concept is implemented to estimate the arc travel times. The methodology is applied to a hypothetical and two real‐world case study networks, and the solutions are compared to a Benders decomposition benchmark. The east‐coast analysis results indicate a 77.3% reduction in the computational time. Additionally, the benchmark technique obtains an optimality gap of 1.15%, while the C&CG algorithm yields a 0.61% gap. The numerical experiments show the robustness of the proposed methodology. Besides, a series of sensitivity analyses has been conducted to study the impact of input parameters on the proposed methodology and draw managerial insights.