bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenyl Conjugation Effect on Fe 3+/2+ Formal Potential of FeN 4 -macryclic Complex
Authors: Gill Ravindra , Das Dipak Kumar , Kumar Anuj 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The monitoring of shifting of the redox potential of macrocyclic complexes towards anodic or cathodic regions, which acts as a mediator in many electrocatalytic events, is made possible by inserting electron donating or withholding groups into their frameworks. Herein, using a template strategy, two [14]-membered N4-macrocyclic complexes (denoted as complex A and complex B) with similar molecular cores but different phenyl moieties were prepared and characterized using multiple characterization techniques. The characterization results suggested a saddle-shaped geometry for these complexes, which might be due to the steric repulsions between the benzenoid and amidic moieties on the macrocyclic framework, as also supported by theoretical computations. Further, to investigate the electrochemical behaviors of these complexes, cyclic voltammetry was used and found that the Fe3+/2+ redox potential was systematically shifted in anodic direction with the increment of phenyl moieties on the [14]-membered N4-macrocyclic core. DFT calculations indicated the down-shifting in the most occupied molecular orbital due to the increased phenyl conjugation, which could be correlated with the shifting of Fe3+/2+ redox potential. Biological evaluation of these complexes has also been carried out.
Using Big Data and Network Theory to Inform Decision-making on COVID-19 in Bogotá
Authors: Feged-Rivadeneira Alejandro , González-Casabianca Felipe , Parra-Salazar Andrea , Salcedo-Ortiz Juana , Andrade-Rivas Federico , Cárdenas Pablo , Morales Álvaro , Damelines-Pareja Juliana , Rios-Oliveros Diana , Salazar Carolina , Usma Santiago , Muñoz Marina , Patiño Luz , Ballesteros Nathalia , Ramírez Juan , Ángel Andrés , Rodríguez Tomás , Vega Jaime Cascante , Galindo-Silva Hector , Majerowicz Stephanie , Corredor Vladimir 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
After the initial year of the pandemic (2020), a need for Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) that did not imply lockdowns became evident, particularly in locations where human mobility was greatly restricted like in South America. In this research, we propose a multidisciplinary framework to combine findings from diverse academic fields (epidemiology, public health, urban studies, molecular biology) to inform decision making in public health. Furthermore, we designed and implemented NPIs that minimized the effect on human mobility while mitigating viral transmission in Bogota, a city of ~10 million people in a middle-income country. Our results suggest that near real time information can and should be used to design, assess and optimize the effectiveness of public health interventions to reduce disease burden while minimizing socioeconomic disturbances.
Identification of Biomarkers in Affected Hair Follicles from Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis
Authors: Chen Qitao , Tao Qiuwei , Li Yuqian , Shao Guanghui , Zhu Jing , Zhu Qilin , Li Zhongming , Du Xufeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chronic discoidal lupus erythematosus (CDLE) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by localized, round, red, patchy skin lesions, which often occur on the head. Inflammatory cells often show an infiltration pattern targeting hair follicles, leading to alopecia. Our study aims to analyze the characteristics of gene expression data from hair follicle samples by bioinformatics methods, and the representative genes will be validated in data from skin samples with the same disease. The gene expression profile GSE119207 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database as an experimental set, including microarray gene expression data of 4 healthy human hair follicles and 7 lesional and non-lesional hair follicles with CDLE. Gene profile GSE81071 included 13 healthy scalp samples and 47 scalp samples from CDLE lesions as the validation set. The experimental set was analyzed by differential gene expression analysis and WGCNA, respectively, and the intersection was taken to screen the key genes. The key genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG analysis to determine the related biological processes and pathways. The protein-protein interaction network of key genes was established by string and visualized by Cytoscape, and hub genes were obtained by cytoHubba. The acquired hub genes were used as ROC curve in the validation set to verify the consistency, and the related mirnas predicted by the hub genes were obtained by miRNet (version 2.0). Finally, cibersort was used to explore the infiltration pattern of immune cells in the hair follicles of CDLE. Through this process, we found that type I interferon response-related genes activated by the RIG-1 and IL-17 signaling pathways were significantly up-regulated, and the involved hub genes were also consistently upregulated in skin tissues. This process may involve the involvement of follicular helper T cells (Tfhs).
Comprehensive classification assessment of GNSS observation data quality by fusing k- means and KNN algorithms
Authors: Li Mengyuan , Huang Guanwen , Wang Le , Xie Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The observation data is the basis for the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to provide positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) service, and the observation quality directly determines the performance level of PNT service. At present, the analysis of GNSS observations quality is partial and can only be based on a single index assessment. GNSS observation quality is difficult to analyze comprehensively by fusing multiple indicators. To solve the above problem, the supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms are applied, and a new comprehensive and classification method of GNSS observations quality based on the k-means clustering algorithm (k-means) and K-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) was proposed. The four core index features of GNSS observations, including data integrity rate, carrier-to-noise-density ratio (CNR), pseudorange multipath and the number of observations per slip, were selected to construct the sample dataset. The sample set was unsupervised clustered based on the k-means algorithm, and the classification label of GNSS observations quality was obtained. Then KNN algorithm was used to construct a comprehensive classification and evaluation model for GNSS observations quality. The data of 30 MGEX stations in the Asia-Pacific region in 2019 were selected for modeling analysis. The experiment results show that: (1) a strong correlation has been revealed between pseudorange multipath, CNR and the number of observations per slip. (2) The average classification correctness rate of the new model was over 90% by -fold cross-validation. (3) The new model can effectively realize the automatic evaluation and classification of GNSS observations quality and easily distinguish the superiority and inferiority of the station observations. The relevant results provide a new idea for the automatic classification and assessment of GNSS observation quality.
Deterministic and probabilistic health risk assessment of toxic metals in daily diets of residents in industrial regions of northern Ningxia, China
Authors: Wang Yan , Cao Deyan , Qin Jiaqi , Zhao Siyuan , Lin Jianzai , Zhang Xi , Wang Junji , Zhu Meilin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the toxic metals (aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)) concentrations in drinking water and different foodstuffs (cereals, meat, beans, potatoes, solanaceous fruits, vegetables, and fruits) and then estimate the potential health risks of toxic metals via consumption to the local residents in industrial regions of northern Ningxia, China. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry was performed to detect toxic metal concentrations. According to the results, the concentrations of As, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in fruit samples exceeded the standard limits. Pb was the most common toxic metal detected in drinking water, cereals, beans, potatoes, solanaceous fruits, vegetables, and fruits.The results of deterministic assessment of health risks showed that the total noncarcinogenic health risk value of dietary intake of toxic metals by the local population was 5.6106, indicating that toxic metals pose a high noncarcinogenic risk to residents under the current daily diet exposure. The order of noncarcinogenic health risk values of various foods analyzed was as follows: HIcereals (1.2104) > HIsolanaceous fruits (0.9134) > HIvegetables (0.8726) > HIfruits (0.8170) > HImeat (0.7269) > HIdrinking water (0.6139) > HIbeans (0.2991) > HIpotatoes (0.1573). The total carcinogenic health risk from exposure to toxic metals through dietary intake was 9.98×10− 4, indicating that the total cancer risk value of residents is beyond the acceptable range under the current daily dietary exposure, and implies a high risk of cancer. The order of carcinogenic health risk (R) was Rdrinking water (2.34×10− 4) > Rmeat (2.11×10− 4) > Rsolanaceous fruits (1.89×10− 4) > Rfruits (1.88×10− 4) > Rcereals (1.36×10− 4) > Rpotatoes (2.44×10− 5) > Rvegetables (1.51×10− 5) > Rbeans (0.00). Probabilistic assessment results showed that 98.83% of the population would suffer severe noncarcinogenic risk and 87.02% would suffer unacceptable carcinogenic risk. Sensitivity analysis showed that drinking water, local cereals, vegetables, and fruits were the major contributors to health risks. Our results indicated that daily dietary exposure of residents in industrial regions of northern Ningxia posed a serious threat to human health, and appropriate strategies should be adopted to prevent toxic metal contamination.
Techno-economic modelling of the Baltic CCUS onshore scenario
Authors: Shogenova Alla , Shogenov Kazbulat , Uibu Mai , Kuusik Rein , Simmer Karl 
Published: October 2022

Techno-economic modelling of the Baltic onshore CO2 transport, storage, and utilization scenario included HeidelberCement-owned Kunda Nordic Cement (KNC) plant, the main Estonian cement producer, four Estonian and one Latvian power plant and CO2 mineral carbonation of the oil shale ash, as possible CO2 use option. In 2019 nearly 6.5 Mt of oil shale ash (OSA) was produced in Estonia from energy production. Estonian OSA could be used as an effective sorbent in the proposed CO2-mineralization process, using CO2 from flue gas and producing precipitated CaCO3 (PCC) of high quality. Mineral carbonation of 0.42 Mt CO2 using 3.8 Mt of fresh OSA and about 6.33 Mt CO2 produced annually by five Estonian and one Latvian plant transported by pipeline for storage into the North-Blidene structure in western Latvia are combined in the CCUS scenario. Cambrian Deimena Formation reservoir sandstone is located at the depth of 1035-1150 m in the selected saline aquifer. The average optimistic storage capacity of about 270 Mt allows planning CCUS project for 30 years. The share of the Estonian emissions avoided and stored in Latvia is 86.5 %, including 8.2 % by KNC, while Latvian stored emissions will compose 13.5 %. Annually 6.8 Mt CO2 could be captured, transported and injected, including 6 Mt CO2 avoided using transport and storage and 0.42 Mt CO2 avoided using MC of Estonian OSA. During 30 years nearly 204 Mt CO2 will be captured, used and stored, while 193 Mt CO2 could be avoided. The total average transport and storage (T&S) cost of the scenario is 18.4 €/t CO2 injected. This cost depends on the transport distance, according to the applied methodology, and it is the most expensive for the Eesti Energia PPs. The lowest T&S cost of 5.54 €/t CO2 injected will have Latvenergo TEC-2 PP located at a smaller distance from the storage site. At the price of EEAP (CO2 Emission Allowance Price in EU ETS) of 40 €/t CO2 and 50 €/t PCC, the CCUS scenario could be beneficial for three Eesti Energia and Latvenergo TEC-2 power plants. For the KNC and VKG Energia plants without CO2 use options, the higher EEAP of about 48-50 €/t CO2 is needed to cover all CCUS costs including capture, compression, transport, storage and monitoring. The transport and storage costs are distance-dependent, as pipelines are the most expensive part of the transport, storage and monitoring costs. At the present EEAP of about 90 €/t CO2, all the participating plants will get benefits from the proposed scenario.This study is supported by CLEANKER project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement n. 764816.
Höegh LNG and Altera Infrastructure is scaling up large scale CCS infrastructure
Authors: Lunde Tore 
Published: October 2022

In a joint initiative, called “Stella Maris CCS” Altera Infrastructure and Höegh LNG are working together to provide cost efficient floating Carbon Capture and Storage infrastructure solutions for a global market, not limited to size or geographical location.Valuable infrastructure experience is brought together; with FPSO (Floating Production, Storage and Offloading) and Dynamically Positioned Shuttle Tankers from Altera and FSRU’s (Floating Storage Regasification Unit) from Höegh. We intend to continue to build on our heritage and experience, using our combined skills to contribute to carbon emission reduction around globe. With the “Stella Maris CCS” project, we will essentially be doing what we are doing today, only in reverse. Our solution, initiated in 2019 as the first of its kind, will offer a large-scale floating infrastructure for collection, transport, and injection of CO2 into subsea reservoirs/aquifers.Our infrastructure concept consists of 2-3 Carbon Collection Storage Units (CCSU) to aggregate volumes at different key locations, 3-4 CO2 Shuttle Carriers and one Floating Storage and Injection Unit, the total amount of CO2 injected with these assets can reach up to 10 million tons per year.In order to realize large scale CCS, the unit costs must come down, and the barriers for emitting industries to invest in capture plants must be lowered. With Stella Maris we are addressing these hurdles. The larger ship design enables carrying volumes of CO2 at low pressure and will allow for greater economies of scale in the absence of a pipeline which places less limitations on distance to reservoir and ultimate flow capacity. Having a centralized conditioning of CO2 in a CCSO hub allows more flexibility for on-site capture design from multiple onshore industrial emission sources with shared port access. To defray high logistics cost in e.g. the Baltic region, a hub and spoke transportation approach enables collection in smaller parcels, milk-run gathering and conditioning for large scale transfer for storage in an offshore subsea reservoir on the Norwegian Continental shelf.
Decarbonisation options of existing thermal power plant burning natural gas
Authors: Linkevics Olegs , Grebesa Polina , Andersons Janis 
Published: October 2022

Nowadays power industry faces deepest crises ever with unprecedented prices shocks and climate challenges at the same time. From one hand we realise the need of energy transformation of power industry towards more sustainable future with climate neutral technologies. From the other hand it become obvious that this change could not happen immediately, and transition period is needed with some fossil fuel technology still playing an important role as a back-up for renewable energy sources. The biggest question what the best and cost-efficient way is to decarbonise existing thermal power generation. We try to address it on the example of existing combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant fuelled by natural gas. Clearly the following possible options were identified: 1) replacement of natural gas with alternative gases, such as green hydrogen, bio or synthetic methane, 2) carbon capture and underground storage (CCS) in geological formations, 3) carbon capture, liquefaction and export, 4) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) or 5) replacement of power generation technology. In this publication we try to compare these different options, despite they are not clearly comparable. For the analysis we take natural gas fired CCGT plant Riga TPP-2 in Latvia with installed capacity of 881 MW (in condensing mode).Option 1. In order to completely (100 % in energy values) replace natural gas by green hydrogen, we need electroliers with capacity of at least 2600 MW. Very roughly this is an investment of at least 2,6 billion EUR for hydrogen production, storage and supply. Additionally, we shall take into account necessary modernisation of CCGT plant to be capable for 100 % hydrogen firing as well as necessity to construct additional wind or solar capacity. Conversion efficiency from power to gas is approximately 60 %, while from gas to power – around 55-57 %. Overall conversion efficiency is 33-35 %. The main advantages of this option are a) possibility for wide use of renewable energy sources (wind and solar) in hydrogen production, b) avoidance of carbon dioxide emissions during the electricity production, c) possibility to supply a surplus of hydrogen to transport sector and industry, d) avoidance of all problems associated with CCS option, including the ban for geological storage of CO2. The main disadvantages of this option: a) very high costs of hydrogen production, b) very low conversion efficiency, c) necessity to convert CCGT plant for hydrogen combustion and to install considerable wind and solar capacity.
Carbon removal – pathways, technologies, and need
Authors: Agarwal Shantanu 
Published: October 2022

Far from being Plan B, carbon di oxide removal is a critical part of Plan A (as laid out by IPCC > 5GT will be needed by 2050). Without removing excess carbon from the air our toolbox is missing a major tool needed to curb climate change. Current global capacity of carbon removal is ~10,000 tons/annum.This paper will present a summary of current state of technology of carbon removal alternatives, with a specific focus on engineered Direct Air Capture systems. The current energy intensity, capex intensity and cost challenges faced by many of the DAC players will be discussed.The presentation will also cover nature-based capture methods and current challenges in the measurement, reporting and verification and eventual trading of these carbon credits.The presentation will present a market view of the potential scale of carbon removal credits in the near future, its demand and potential supply constraints.
Health-Related Fitness as a Predictor of Anxiety Levels Among School Adolescents: An observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Legey Sandro , Filho Alberto Souza Sá , Yadollahpour Ali , Garcia-Garcia Fabio , Imperatori Claudio , Murillo-Rodriguez Eric , Nardi Antonio Egidio , Lima João Lucas , Machado Sergio 
Published: October 2022

Background:
There is an inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness and general anxiety levels in adolescents. Obesity also is associated with a higher risk of anxiety in this population. However, little is known about the association between other health-related fitness elements with anxiety symptoms in this population. The authors explored the relationship between health-related fitness and anxiety symptoms in a large sample of Brazilian youth.

Methods:
This was an observational cross-sectional study with a sample comprised of 257 school adolescents, who were 136 girls (52.9%) and 121 boys (47.1%). The health-related fitness elements were evaluated by FitnessGram® test and anxiety levels by Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children - 39. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to determine the association between health-related fitness elements and anxiety symptoms in both sexes.

Results:
In male adolescents, only the cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms (F(1, 119) = 6.472; P = 0.012; R2 = 0.052; adjusted R2 = 0.044). In turn, the anxiety symptoms showed an inverse small relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness (r = - 0.227; P < 0.01). However, in female adolescents, no association was found between health-related fitness elements and anxiety symptoms.

Conclusion:
The level of cardiorespiratory fitness may represent a marker of anxiety in male adolescents.
Evaluation of Variations in Root Canal Anatomy and Morphology of Permanent Maxillary Premolars among the Emirate Population using CBCT
Authors: Alnaqbi Hajir S.Y. , Gorduysus Mehmet Omer , Al Shehadat Saaid , Al Bayatti Saad Wahbi , Mahmoud Ibrahim 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Many types of research have revealed that root canal anatomy differs by race and country based on various national populations, but no study has been conducted on the UAE population.

Objectives:
Identifying the most common morphology of the upper premolars in a group of local and non-local people in the UAE.

Methods:
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 215 intact maxillary premolars were analyzed. The Pearson Chi-squared test and the two samples t-test were applied.

Results:
Most of the maxillary first premolars were two-root formed (90%). Single-rooted teeth were less common (8%). Three-rooted maxillary first premolars represented a low frequency of 1.9%. Most of the maxillary second premolar teeth studied in this research (52%) had two roots. Almost all local and non-local populations had two canals for both first and second maxillary premolar. Only two maxillary first premolars (0.2%) had the three-canal morphology. The most frequent canal morphology in the maxillary first premolar group among local UAE and non-local was type V. The maxillary second premolar group among local UAE was type II (32%). In non-local UAE, type V (25%). In addition, six types of uncommon canal anatomic variants (types 1-2-3, 2-3-2, 3-2-1, 1-2-3-2, 2-1-2-1, and 3-2) were discovered in 3.7% of local UAE and 36.3% of non-local UAE.

Conclusion:
The results suggest a more quantitative approach to maxillary first and second premolar access cavity preparation in the UAE population to prevent errors and iatrogenic damage when identifying the canals.