bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal vaccination: A narrative review
Authors: Ashkir Sahra , Khaliq Olive P. , Hunter Mehreen , Moodley Jagidesa 
Published: October 2022

Background: Vaccinations in general are considered to be one of the greatest achievements in medicine, saving millions of lives globally.Aim: This narrative review highlights issues related to vaccination in pregnancy and provides information on those vaccines registered for use in pregnancy.Method: Published articles on vaccinations in pregnancy are included in this review. The search engines used included PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.Results: Vaccinations during pregnancy are more likely to be administered in high income countries (HICs) compared to low-income countries (LICs) due to easier access to healthcare services and better communicable disease awareness. Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates associated with infectious diseases are higher in LICs with access to maternal care services, infrastructure and hospital equipment lacking in these settings.Conclusion: Suitable vaccinations are recommended for use in pregnancy to prevent harm to women, their foetuses and newborns from some communicable diseases, and they have resulted in declines in maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, this review has shown that vaccination during pregnancy is not only safe for both the woman and her foetus but also effective. Therefore, health professionals and national governments should strongly consider approved vaccinations prior to or during pregnancy.Contribution: This review provides insight on the necessity of vaccination during pregnancy. In addition, it urges health professionals to inform patients of the importance of regular antenatal visits, and to receive the required vaccinations for a better health outcome.
Organisational support and teachers’ performance: The moderating role of job crafting
Authors: Du Toit Annette , Redelinghuys Kleinjan , Van der Vaart Leoni 
Published: October 2022

Orientation: Teachers fulfil an essential role in students’ learning and the prosperity of nations. Hence, teacher performance, and the determinants thereof, are vital to understand.Research purpose: To extend the conversation on teacher performance in a non-WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialised and democratic) nation, the authors aimed to investigate potential factors that may influence teachers’ performance, specifically from the perspective of perceived organisational support (POS) and job crafting.Motivation for the study: Due to the widespread impact of teacher performance and the potential of both POS and job crafting to enable it, it is valuable to investigate the collective effect of these variables on individual work performance.Research approach/design and method: This quantitative cross-sectional study involved 207 teachers conveniently sampled from private educational organisations in Gauteng. The Survey of Perceived Organisational Support, Job Crafting Questionnaire and an Individual Work Performance Subscale were administered to assess the study variables. Structural equation modelling was employed to confirm the dimensionality of the scales, followed by moderation analysis for hypothesis testing.Main findings: The results of the moderation analysis showed that the effect of POS on teachers’ performance is conditional upon teachers’ job crafting behaviours in the organisation. More specifically, organisational support matters for teachers’ performance but only for those with low to moderate levels of job crafting.Practical/managerial implications: Organisations could implement interventions to enhance teachers’ perceptions of support from the organisation to improve their performance. Simultaneously, organisations can invest in interventions that teach teachers to craft their jobs and create organisational environments that foster job crafting behaviours.Contribution/value-add: The study contributes to the limited body of literature on teachers’ performance in a developing context and literature on organisational support and job crafting.
Nonspecific chronic low back pain conditions and therapeutic practices in Burkina Faso
Authors: Kaboré Pegdwendé A. , Zanga Orokiatou B. , Schepens Bénédicte 
Published: October 2022

Background: The management of nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP) is complex because of its multifactorial origin.Objectives: To investigate NCLBP care by evaluating patients’ condition and therapeutic management of health practitioners.Method: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 92 patients with NCLBP, 30 medical practitioners (MP) and 20 physiotherapists (PT) from four public health institutions in Burkina Faso. Patients completed the Visual Analogue Scale, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. Practitioners were asked about therapy and continuing professional training.Results: Pain was moderate to intense for 80% of participants with NCLBP. They were functionally affected and showed fear-avoidance beliefs related to physical and work activities. The majority (97%) of medical practitioners prescribed analgesics and 53% prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Physiotherapy was the most frequently recommended nonpharmacological treatment. Forty-three per cent of medical practitioners referred to physiotherapy; 20% never did. Physiotherapists practised both passive treatments, such as massage (50%), electrotherapy (55%) and thermotherapy (50%), as well as active treatments, such as general exercises (55%), specific exercises (70%), functional revalidation (50%) and back school (40%). Having had recent continuing professional training and assessing risk factors for chronicity were associated with MPs’ and PTs’ therapeutic choices.Conclusion: Participants with NCLBP showed fear-avoidance beliefs, correlated with their algo-functional status. Prescribing habits of MPs were drug-based. Treatments by PTs were passive and active. Continuing professional training of healthcare practitioners and assessment of risk factors had a positive impact on therapeutic choices.Clinical implications: Our study is an invitation to the health care system to improve the relationship between a patient’s NCLBP and therapeutic choices.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism across acute leukemia
Authors: Frikha Rim 
Published: October 2022

Background
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is the key enzyme for folate metabolism and also plays a role in DNA biosynthesis and the epigenetic process of DNA methylation. MTHFR gene polymorphisms, mainly the C677T, have been implicated as risk factors for several types of cancers such as the acute leukemia (AL).

Main body of the abstract
This study was conducted to examine the extent of the association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and AL across a comprehensive literature of meta-analysis. Relevant English-language literature was searched and retrieved from PubMed using the terms MTHFR, the C677T polymorphism, and AL. Several parameters have been studied in the assessment of correlation between AL and the MTHFR polymorphism, such as folate intake, ethnicity, age, and sex. Nevertheless, the results are contrasting.

Short conclusion
Comprehensive analysis of MTHFR C677T in AL may be helpful and provide new insights for a personalized therapy based on the human genotype.
Evaluation of platelet surface glycoproteins in inherited thrombocytopathy
Authors: Osman Mohammed A. , Abd El-Azeem Hanan G. , Afifi Ola , Abdou Madleen Adel A. , Elsayh Khalid I. , Zahran Asmaa M. , Abdelaal Azza 
Published: October 2022

Background
Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) and Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) are genetic bleeding syndromes characterized by defects in platelet aggregometry. Although these disorders are classified to be rare, their exact prevalence is still unknown; however, they are more frequent in communities where consanguineous marriages are common.

Aim
To study platelet surface glycoproteins expression using flow cytometry and to examine their correlation with bleeding severity using International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis–Bleeding Assessment Tools (ISTH-BAT) as bleeding score of choice.

Patients and methods
This case–control study included 51 patients with bleeding disorders recruited from the Department of Pediatric Hematology, Assiut University Hospital, in addition to 36 apparently healthy age- and sex-matched controls. All patients were tested for complete blood count (CBC), prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, platelet aggregation, and platelets surface glycoprotein analysis by flow cytometry. ISTH-BAT was used to register bleeding data for patients.

Results
GT and BSS had some similarities regarding the presentation and bleeding severity, but when CBC, platelet aggregation studies, and flow cytometric analysis were done, differentiation became much easier. GT patients showed a decrease in the expression of CD41 and CD61. Type I GT patients had more bleeding severity than type II and type III. BSS patients showed a decrease in expression of CD42b. There are correlations between the bleeding severity and CD41 in GT, and between the severity and CD42b in BSS.

Conclusion
Flow cytometric studies of platelet glycoproteins have great values in diagnosing BSS and GT, and further classifying GT cases into its three types. ISTH-BAT is a useful tool when dealing with platelet function disorders and has good sensitivity and ability to determine the severity.
Effect of iron deficiency on cell-mediated immunity in adults
Authors: Ghonaim Sara S. , Abo Ali Fawzia H. , Mahmoud Nehal E. , Mahmoud Mayada M. , Elzoghby Doaa M.A. , Ahmed Eman E. 
Published: October 2022

Background
Iron plays a vital role in immune system development, integrity, as well as proper function through its growth-promoting and differentiation-inducing properties in immune cells and its interference with cell-mediated immune effector pathways and cytokine activities. In the past few decades, several studies have found that iron deficiency markedly affects the immune system. However, data on the effect of iron deficiency on immune function are still confusing and contradictory.

Aim
To assess the effect of iron-deficiency anemia on cell-mediated immunity.

Patients and methods
The percentage and count of T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and their CD4+ and CD8+ subsets and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were evaluated in 25 iron-deficient and 15 healthy adult women. The effect of iron therapy on the same parameters was also assessed in patients after correction of anemia.

Results
In our study, there was no statistically significant difference between patient and control groups regarding CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cell counts and percentages and CD4+/CD8+ ratio, with no statistically significant difference after iron therapy. However, it was found that serum ferritin level was significantly positively correlated with CD4+/CD8+ ratio and CD4+ cell percentage and absolute count and significantly negatively correlated with CD8+ cell percentage.

Conclusion
Iron deficiency has no effect on cell-mediated immunity with respect to quantitative changes in T-lymphocyte subsets and CD4/CD8 ratio.
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety Between Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin and Anti-T Lymphocyte Globulin in Kidney Only Transplantation
Authors: Kumar S Sakthi Selva , Veerappan Ilangovan , Sethuraman Ramaswami , Chakravarthy T , Siddharth Vijay Aanand , Rajagopal A 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
The two formulations of antihuman thymocyte immunoglobulin that are used as T-cell depleting induction agents in renal transplantation are anti-thymocyte globulins (ATG) thymoglobulin and (antiT-lymphocyte globulin [ATLG]-Grafalon-formerly ATG-Fresenius). Very few trials have compared these two formulations. In this retrospective study, we compared the incidence of infections, rejections, graft survival, mortality, and lymphocyte profile of ATG and ATLG.

Materials and Methods:
This was a single-center retrospective study of 127 consecutive kidney-alone transplant recipients from January 2014 to June 2019. Patients received 3 mg/kg of ATG or 4 mg/kg single dose of ATLG. CD 3 counts were done on day 3 of the transplant. Most of the recipients received standard triple immunosuppression of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisolone.

Results:
Fifty-eight patients received ATG and 69 patients received ATLG. Baseline demographics were similar between the two groups. Death-censored graft survival (99%) (P = 0.258) and biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR) (32% vs. 29%, P = 0.128) were similar in both groups. Graft survival was better in ATLG group (92.7% vs. 87.5% P = 0.020). Bacterial infections (41.1% vs. 27.6%, P = 0.03) and sepsis-related mortality (11.54% vs. 4.34% P = 0.02) were significantly higher in the ATG group.

Conclusion:
ATLG, when used as an induction agent, was associated with a lesser rate of bacterial infections and sepsis-related mortality, but better graft survival as compared to ATG but has comparable BPAR, death-censored graft survival, and viral/fungal infections.
Happiness and its determinants among nursing students
Authors: Kumar T. K. Ajesh , Khakha Deepika Cecil , Joshi Poonam , Das Smita , Manu K. J. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Being happy in life is very essential to be healthy, which is important for nursing students to grow and adapt well in their professional life.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to assess the level of happiness and identify the determinants of happiness among nursing students.

Materials and Methods:
Three hundred and forty-two undergraduate nursing students College of Nursing, All India Institutes of Medicals Sciences, New Delhi, India, enrolled in the study by convenience sampling. Data were collected through demographic information sheets and oxford happiness questionnaires. Frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.

Results:
The mean happiness score of nursing students was 3.96 ± 0.59 on a scale of 6. The percentage distribution showed that 43.2% of the students responded “not particularly happy,” and 42.1% were “rather happy.” The current year of study, the number of close friends, stress experienced in the past 6 months, and engagement in physical activities contributed 53% of the variance in the happiness score of nursing students (P < 0.001). Further, monthly family income (P = 0.018) and choice of course (P = 0.003) had a significant association with their happiness score.

Conclusion:
Nursing students had a moderate level of happiness. The study suggests that there is a need to develop strategies to enhance happiness among nursing students in alignment with the identified factors. Educators need to develop a holistic curriculum giving equal importance to academic competencies and personal flourishment.
Where, when, and to whom gaming motives may be harmful? A systematic review
Authors: Amudhan Senthil , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Srivastava Kalpana , Anand Nitin , Vishwakarma Akash , Azhagannan Karunanidhi 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The alarming growth in online gaming activities in recent years calls for an understanding of the determinants of gaming behaviors among adolescents and young adults. A systematic review was conducted to collate and review all the research studies concerning the understanding of the gaming motives. Relevant published articles were identified through the electronic search from PubMed, Medline, PsycInfo, Sciencedirect, and APA databases. The review identified four major topics of gaming motives, namely gaming behavior, gaming usage pattern, gaming demographics, and associated psychopathology. The review highlighted the role of motives in gaming use and psychopathology. The age of the player was associated with the expression of these motives. Further insights were drawn into the role of motive in the recreational and problematic use of gaming. The study findings emphasize the need to develop adequate interventions to prevent the occurrence of psychological impairments that would result from potentially problematic video gaming.
Comparison of cognition and alexithymia in patients of schizophrenia with and without comorbid alcohol use
Authors: Faye D. Abhijeet , Tadke Rahul , Gawande Sushil , Bhave H. Sudhir , Kirpekar Vivek Chintaman , Chatterjee Anirban , Nathani Yashika , Singh Deepika 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cognitive impairment and alexithymia are commonly associated with schizophrenia and alcohol use disorder independently. Both can lead to poor prognosis and recovery. In patients with dual diagnosis, this association can be more prevalent and severe.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 75 participants were grouped into two (35 each): Group A, a Schizophrenia group and Group B with comorbid alcohol use. Sociodemographic factors, clinical profile, cognitive functions, and alexithymia were compared between the two groups using semi-structured pro forma, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) (subcategorized into three subscales (1) “Difficulty describing feelings” (DDF), (2) “Difficulty identifying feeling” (DIF), and (3) “Externally-Oriented Thinking” and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square tests and t-tests as applicable. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 33.61 (standard deviation [SD]-8.11), mean duration of schizophrenia was 70.8 months (SD-47.5) and mean duration of alcohol consumption was 9.10 years (SD-7.7). MoCA score was significantly lower (mean-21.80, SD-2.98) and TAS total score was significantly higher in Group B (Mean-67.31, SD-8.10). DDF (Mean-19.28, SD-4.02) and DIF scores (Mean-22.86, SD-4.66) were significantly higher in alcohol group compared to nonalcohol group. Furthermore, MoCA score was significantly impaired and TAS total, DDF and DIF scores were significantly higher in participants with AUDIT score >8 (P < 0.05). Lower score on MoCA correlated with the higher score of alexithymia.

Conclusion:
Cognitive dysfunction and alexithymia were significantly more in patients of schizophrenia with comorbid alcohol use and positively correlated with the severity of alcohol use disorder.
Comparative change in P300 indices following antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Wakode Santosh L. , Hulke Sandip Meghnad , Sutar Roshan , Thakare Avinash E. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Context:
Cognitive disturbance is seen in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Event-related potential can assist in measuring the neurocognition, and P300 is the most commonly used noninvasive electrophysiological parameter for measuring cognition.

Aims:
The aim of this study is to assess the baseline P300 parameters, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), and Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores and compare them with their levels after 3 months of antidepressant therapy.

Settings and Design:
a longitudinal study was done on total 24 diagnosed cases of major depression who underwent P300, HAM-D, and MADRS assessment in the gap of 3 months before and after starting antidepressant therapy.

Subjects and Methods:
Newly diagnosed cases of MDD patients were assessed using HAM-D and MADRS for severity rating. P300 assessment was also carried out with auditory oddball paradigm using Nihon Kohden NCV-SMG-EP system. The assessments were repeated after 3 months of antidepressant treatment.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The Wilcoxon test was used to compare mean values of P300 parameters, HAM-D, and MADRS score. Spearman correlation analysis was done to study the association between various parameters of P300 and HAM-D and MADRS score before and after treatment of 3 months of antidepressant therapy.

Results:
Significant difference is shown in various parameters P300 except for A11-P300 amplitude and A31-P300 amplitude. A significant difference was shown in HAM-D and MADRS scores. No significant correlation was seen between other P300 parameters and HAM-D and MADRS scale before as well as after antidepressant therapy.

Conclusions:
P300 may be used as an index to evaluate the response to antidepressant treatment in patients with MDD.
Вимірювання імпедансу біологічних тканин та інших середовищ за допомогою оціночної плати EVAL AD5933EBZ
Authors: Нікітін Віктор , Дубко Андрій 
Published: October 2022

Аналіз та вимірювання електрофізичних властивостей біологічних матеріалів, рідин і суспензій є важливою прикладною задачею практично для всіх галузей медицини, хімії, фармації, фізики й інших галузей, що потребують досліджень властивостей і структури речовини. Сучасна електронна компонентна база дозволяє створювати мініатюрні прилади й вимірювальні системи для аналізу електричних кіл, такою є спеціалізована інтегральна мікросхема AD5933. Ця мікросхема є інтегральним перетворювачем спектрального складу імпедансу в широкому діапазоні частот. У мікросхемі AD5933 застосовується метод цифрової обробки сигналів, як для генерації тестової гармонійної напруги, так і аналізу струму двополюсника. Вона є базою оціночної плати EVAL-AD5933EBZ, яка дозволяє впроваджувати методи імпедансної спектроскопії у медицину, промисловість та сільське господарство.
Інноваційні форми гурткової та аудиторної роботи для розвитку креативної компетентності молоді
Authors: Ємець Леся , Ємець Богдан 
Published: October 2022

У статті зроблено акцент на особливостях розвитку творчих здібностей у здобувачів освіти під час проведення занять з української мови, літератури, української мови (за професійним спрямуванням) та за допомогою позааудиторних заходів; визначено актуальні засоби реалізації даної проблеми для вирішення основних освітніх завдань, зокрема, нові підходи до гурткової роботи в сучасних навчальних закладах та форми взаємодії з учасниками навчально-виховного процесу з метою розвитку та формування креативної компетентності у майбутніх фахівців. Визначаються також основні складники роботи зі здібною молоддю, пропонуються шляхи подолання комунікативної нестабільності через залучення здобувачів освіти до гурткової роботи та творчих домашніх завдань і проєктів. Зосереджено увагу на тих змінах, що повинні бути внесені до змісту навчально-виховного процесу для удосконалення роботи предметних гуртків у закладах вищої та фахової передвищої освіти. Врахована креативна роль викладача у виборі форм та методів роботи з творчими групами та проєктами. Наведено приклади масових заходів, позааудиторних форм роботи, творчих вправ та завдань, які практично були використані під час навчання та в ході виховної роботи. Використано авторський матеріал, творчі надбання викладача та його вихованців. Розкрито системну роботу творчих майстерень, взаємодії викладача та здобувачів освіти, особливості моделювання проблемних завдань, професійних виробничих ситуацій. Саме у цьому є перспектива вивчення проблеми розвитку креативності молоді та професійної гнучкості. Немає дітей нездібних, бракує учителів, які б побачили і розкрили їх талант. А для цього повинно бути бажання педагога і можливості, вибір форм, методів, засобів для виховання та навчання. Доведено, що необхідна навчальна співпраця, в процесі якої відбувається розвиток творчого мислення, яке дає змогу молодим людям бачити те, чого ще немає, але що може бути створене ними (для пошуку невідомого, нового, загадкового, незвичайного). Творче мислення, творчі здібності формуються через творчу активність.