bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet-Based Self-Help Intervention for Procrastination: Randomized Control Group Trial Protocol
Authors: ZHOU YING , WANG JIANHUA 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Procrastination or "postponing until later" is a common phenomenon defined as the intentional delay in partaking in and finishing important activities despite negative outcomes potentially outweighing the positive. Procrastination adversely affects mental health, academic performance, and career achievement. Although studies on procrastination intervention methods and effectiveness exist, utility and cost-effectiveness are limited by various factors, including practitioner availability and skills, barriers to participant participation, and the time investment required by participants. Thus, internet-based interventions could increase the availability of evidence-based treatments for adult procrastination.
Methods: This study explored the efficacy of an online-based self-help intervention in the context of voluntary procrastination among undergraduate students. The study design is a randomized controlled trial. Participants who self-reported procrastination-related problems and behaviours were included in the trial consisting of two groups; specifically, one group undergoing a self-directed internet-based intervention for coping with procrastination (N=160) and (2) another group with delayed access to the intervention programs (waitlist control group; N=160). Follow-up assessments were scheduled 6 and 12 weeks after baseline, and the control group received the intervention after 12 weeks. Procrastination, measured by the Irrational Procrastination Scale and the Simple Procrastination Scale, was examined as the primary outcome. Meanwhile, secondary outcomes included susceptibility, stress, depression, anxiety, well-being, self-efficacy, time management strategies, self-control, cognition, and emotion regulation. Other measures comprised acceptability (e.g., intervention satisfaction, potential side effects, and expectations) and learning behaviour analysis to reflect adherence.
Discussion: This randomized controlled trial will provide data on the effectiveness of online interventions for adult procrastination. If deemed effective, this low-cost, high-coverage internet-based intervention could aid more people who seek to address their procrastination.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200065752.
Diagnostic performance of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 for periprosthetic hip joint infection
Authors: Wang Yiqun , Wang Ruimin , Zhang Xiaojun , Li La , Liu Honghong , Chang Yan , Li Qingxiao , Wang Yanmei , Qi Erpeng , Hao Libo , Chai Wei , Yao Shulin , Shi Yuanyuan , Yan Wenqiang , Shao Wuguo , Zhang Jinming , Chen Jiying , Tian Jiahe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the efficiency of [68Ga]GaDOTAFAPI04 in diagnosing periprosthetic hip joint infection and establish a diagnostic standard of clinical significance based on uptake pattern.
Methods
[68Ga]GaDOTAFAPI04 PET/CT was performed in patients with symptomatic hip arthroplasty from December 2019 to July 2022. The reference standard was based on the 2018 Evidence-Based and Validation Criteria. Two diagnostic criteria, SUVmax and uptake pattern, were used to diagnose PJI. Meanwhile, original data were imported into IKT-snap to draw the view of interest, A.K. was used to extract features of clinical cases, and unsupervised clustering analysis was applied according to the groups.
Results
A total of 103 patients were included, 28 of whom had PJI. The area under the curve of SUVmax was 0.8969, which was better than that of all of the serological tests. The cutoff value of SUVmax was 7.530, and the sensitivity and specificity were 72% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the uptake pattern were 100%, 93.10% and 95%, respectively. In radiomics analysis, the features of PJI were significantly different from aseptic failure.
Conclusion
The efficiency of [68Ga]GaDOTAFAPI04 PET/CT in diagnosing PJI showed promising results, and the diagnostic criteria of the uptake pattern were more clinically instructive. Radiomics also showed a certain application prospect in the field of PJI.
Trial registration number
Trial registration: ChiCTR2000041204. Registered 24 September 2019.
Spatial stoichiometric distribution trend of various nutrients around Lake Chamo basin, Ethiopian Rift Valley region in relation to wetland conversion to farm and grazing land sites
Authors: Dibar Dagne Tafa , Kushe Beyene , Zhou Zhongze , Tafa Dagne 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Lake Chamo riparian wetland is currently subjected to intensive farmland expansion and over grazing more than previously experienced. These coupled threats are escalating primarily riparian vegetation deforestation and resulted in pronounced nutrient imbalance and shrinking wetland size. The current study investigated spatial soil stoichiometric distribution of C, N, P, S, K and Ca in wetland, farm and grazing land around Chamo Lake riparian wetland, Ethiopian Rift valley. Farm and grazing lands are included as a study site because they were identified part of riparian wetland previously. The results showed high total nitrogen, sulfur, calcium and potassium concentrations in farmland. Grazing land showed high total phosphorus but soil organic carbon. In farmland, available phosphorus was revealed low that justify phosphorus scarcity as a result of crop harvesting for animal feed. The N: P exhibited low in wetland site that implies the effect of crop cultivation and livestock production in the surrounding catchment that increases N input in the wetland site. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and potassium were positively correlated with moisture content. Soil organic carbon, potassium, C: N, N: P and C: K was negatively correlated with pH. Total nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium and available nitrogen were related positively with clay contents. We recommended that conservation activities such as participatory wetland management and promoting none agricultural economy to the unemployed youths and creating wetland reserved areas as a buffer zone of the study area could enhance the rehabilitation of the degradation wetland in this study area.
Converging to Convergence: The Role of Human Capital
Authors: Castelló-Climent Amparo , Domenech Rafael 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses σ−convergence and absolute β−convergence in human capital indicators in a sample of 140 countries from 1970 to 2020. The literature has found some evidence of absolute convergence in per capita income since 2000s. As convergence in human capital preceded convergence in per capita income, human capital may have played a role in this process. We find that the coefficient of β−convergence in per capita income, conditional on the initial level of human capital, is twice as high as the β−coefficient of unconditional convergence. The difference between both coefficients accounts for the role of human capital in explaining absolute convergence in per capita income in recent decades. When we control for institutions, the difference between absolute and conditional convergence is very low, suggesting that human capital has played a greater role in the speed of convergence. The results hold with alternative measures of human capital and development, and are robust to the inclusion of fixed effects and regional dummies to account for omitted variables.
JEL Classification: O11, O15, O4, O47.
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis analysis of Aggressive angiomyxoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li JunHu , You LiuPing , Wang Cheng , Zhao HanZheng , Guo WenLong , Yu JiaYong , Yuan ZhiHan , Qi Shuai , Huang YueNan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground:Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare, locally invasive mesenchymal neoplasm with a high recurrence rate. However, our current research on the clinical characteristics, therapeutic strategies and prognosis of aggressive angiomyxoma is limited. This study aimed to improve the management of aggressive angiomyxoma by evaluating the clinicopathological characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and prognostic factors associated with aggressive angiomyxomas.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients histopathologically diagnosed with aggressive angiomyxomas from May 2005 to January 2022. Data related to clinicopathological characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and survival time were recorded and analyzed. Survival and prognosis analyses were carried out to identify variables significantly associated with the outcomes.Results:fourteen patients were included in the study with a median follow-up of 78.8 months. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified tumor margin (P=0.012) and initial treatment site (P=0.039) as associated with disease-free survival (DFS). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that tumor margin had a greater effect on the prognosis of patients. Patients with positive tumor margins had a significantly lower probability of survival with DFS than those with negative margins (HR= 3.41, CI:2.73-15.74, P=0.012). Meanwhile, we found that patients who underwent surgery in other hospitals had a lower probability of survival with DFS. This difference in survival was statistically significant (HR=1.48, CI:1.09-2.50, P=0.039). To further demonstrate the results of this study, we constructed a Nomogram model. The results showed that the tumor margin and initial treatment site had the greatest effect on patient prognosis and the greatest contribution to risk score, which confirmed the results of Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis.Conclusion:Tumor margin and initial treatment site are closely associated with prognosis in aggressive angiomyxomas. Radical resection with negative tumor margins is the first choice of treatment for aggressive angiomyxomas. Patients with aggressive angiomyxomas should go to the comprehensive authoritative hospitals to obtain definitive diagnosis and effective treatment in in earlier stage. Furthermore, Patients with aggressive angiomyxomasrequire long-term follow-up, especially within three years after surgery.
Effect of Using Reclaimed Water via Furrow and Subsurface Drip Systems under Alternate Partial Root-Zone Irrigation Mechanism on Crops Growth and Soil Properties
Authors: Hashem Mahmoud S. , Guo Wei , Qi Xue-Bin , Li Ping , She Ying-jun , Cui Jiaxin , Li Tong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The growing population in conjunction with water scarcity forces us to search for alternative sources of irrigation water and integrate it with irrigation strategies for agricultural expansion to meet sustainable development objectives. For this purpose, a field experiment was conducted over three years (2017, 2018, and 2019) to investigate the effect of water quality (reclaimed water (RW) and freshwater (CW)), irrigation techniques (subsurface drip irrigation (SDI and Furrow irrigation (FUI)), irrigation methods (Full irrigation (FI) and alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI (70% ETc)), and their interactions on the fresh fruit yield (FY), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of tomatoes. As well as evaluate the effects of these experimental factors on soil properties regard to electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and organic matter (OM) of Soil. The experiment was undertaken over three growing spring seasons in China. There were eight treatments in the experiment. For all three years, the yield, IWUE, and NUE values of all treatments under RW were high compared with the corresponding values under CW. The same occurred under SDI compared with FUI. Analysis of variances showed that there was no significant effect (P > 0.05) of water quality, irrigation technique, and irrigation methods on the soil EC, PH, and OM over the three years. In addition, there was no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the interaction between the experimental factors over the three years. In conclusion, the application of RW under SDI can result in saving CW and increasing productivity without any negative effect on the investigated soil properties, as well as, when RW-SDI is used in conjunction with APRI, it can result in increasing IWUE.
Isostearic acid is an active component of imiquimod formulations 2 used to induce psoriaform disease models
Authors: Burnet Michael , Strass Simon , Späth nadja , Geiger johanna , Martorelli Mariella , Geiger sophia , Cloos Natascha , Keppler Manuel , Fischer Tina , Riexinger laura , Schwamborn Anna , Guezguez jamil , Cruces Santiago , Guse jan-Hinrich , Luca-Sandri thaisa , Laufer stefan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Topical imiquimod based creams are indicated as immune stimulants for papillomas and various 13 skin neoplasms. Imiquimod is considered a TLR7 ligand. These creams are also used in research to 14 induce skin inflammation in mice as a model for psoriasis. We observed that this inflammatory 15 response was not strictly imiquimod dependent and we set out to establish which components 16 drive the proinflammatory effects. To this end, we examined the induction response in a 17 BALB/cJRj mouse model, in which 50 mg of cream is applied to 2 cm2 of skin (125 mg/kg imiquimod 18 – 5% W/V, and/or 625 mg/kg isostearic acid – 25% W/V). Comparing cream formulations contain- 19 ing isostearic acid, imiquimod and the combination, we observed that isostearic acid causes skin 20 inflammation within 2 days, whereas imiquimod requires up to 5 days for initial signs. Isostearic 21 acid activated an inflammasome response, stimulated release of proinflammatory cytokines and 22 upregulated the IL-23/17 axis. Animals treated with isostearic acid had enlarged livers (+40% 23 weight), which was not observed with imiquimod alone. Imiquimod was readily metabolized and 24 cleared from plasma and liver, but was maintained at high levels in the skin throughout the body 25 (200 mM at area of application; 200 µM in untreated skin). Imiquimod application was associated 26 with splenomegaly, cytokine induction/release and initial body weight loss over 3 days. Despite 27 high imiquimod skin levels throughout the animal, inflammation was only apparent in the treated 28 areas and was less severe than in isostearic acid groups. As the concentrations in these areas are 29 well above the 10 µM required for TLR7 responses in vitro, there is an implication that skin in- 30 flammation following imiquimod is due to effects other than TLR7 agonism (e.g., adenosine re- 31 ceptor agonism). In brain, isostearic caused no major changes in cytokine expression while 32 imiquimod alone sightly stimulated expression of IL-1β and CCL9. However, the combination of 33 both caused brain induction of CCL3, -9, CXCL10, -13, IL-1β and TNFα. The implication of these 34 data is that isostearic acid facilitates the entry of imiquimod or peripherally secreted cytokines 35 into the brain. Our data suggest that psoriaform skin responses in mice are more driven by isos- 36 tearic acid, than generally reported and that the dose and route used in the model, leads to pro- 37 found systemic effects, which may complicate the interpretation of drug effects in this model.
Immune cell targeted Fumaric Esters support a role of GPR109A as a 2 primary target of Monomethyl Fumarate in vivo
Authors: Burnet Michael , Strass Simon , Geiger johanna , Cloos Natascha , Spaeth nadja , Geiger sophia , Schwamborn Anna , d'oliviera Luciano , Martorelli Mariella , Guse jan-Hinrich , Luca-Sandri thaisa , Laufer stefan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is approved as a treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), however, its mode of action remains unclear. One hypothesis proposes that Michael addition to thiols by DMF, notably gluta- thione is immunomodulatory. The alternative proposes that monomethyl fumarate (MMF), the hydrolysis product of DMF, is a ligand to the fatty acid receptor GPR109A found in the lysosomes of immune cells. We prepared esters of MMF and macrolides derived from azithromycin, which were tropic to immune cells by virtue of lysosomal trapping. We tested the effects of these substances in an assay of response to LPS in freshly isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In this system, we observed that the 4’’ ester of MMF (compound 2 and 3) reduced levels of IL-1β, IL-12 and TNFα significantly at a concentration of 1 µM, while DMF required about 25 µM for the same effect. The 2’ esters of MMF (compound 1 and 2) were, like MMF itself, inactive in vitro. The 4’’ ester formed glutathione conjugates rapidly while the 2’ conjugates did not react with thiols but did hydrolyze slowly to release MMF in these cells. We then tested the sub-stances in vivo using the imiquimod/isostearate model of psoriasis where the 2’ ester was the most active at 0.06 to 0.12 mg/kg (approximately 0.1 µmol/kg), improving skin score, body weight and cytokine levels (TNFα, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-6, IL-1β, NLRP3 and IL-23A). In contrast, the thiol reactive 4’’ ester was less active than the 2’ ester while DMF was ca. 300-fold less active. The thiol reactive 4’’ ester was not easily recovered from either plasma or organs while the 2’ ester exhibited conventional uptake and elimination. The 2’ ester also reduced levels of IL-6 in acute MSU induced inflammation. These data suggest that mechanisms that are relevant in vivo center on the release of MMF. Given that GPR109A is localized to the lysosome, and that lysosomal trapping increases 2’ ester activity by >300 fold, these data suggest that GPR109A may be the main target in vivo. In contrast, the effects associated with GSH conjugation in vitro are unlikely to be as effective in vivo due the much lower dose in use which cannot titrate the more concentrated thiols. These data support the case for GPR109A modulation in autoimmune diseases.
Surface Inactivation of a SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate with Hypochlorous Acid is Impacted by Surface Type, Contact Time, Inoculum Matrix, and Concentration
Authors: Hamilton Allyson N. , Chandran Sahaana , Baker Christopher A. , Gibson Kristen E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Indirect contact with contaminated surfaces is a potential transmission route for COVID-19. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate convenient and inexpensive surface sanitization methods, such as HOCl, against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, Phi6 (~ 7 log PFU/mL), was prepared in artificial saliva and tripartite matrices, spot inoculated (8–12 spots, 100 µL) on 25 cm2 coupons of either stainless steel or vinyl, and allowed to dry for 45 min. The coupons were sprayed with ~ 3 mL of either 500 ppm or 1,000 ppm HOCl. Exposure times were 0 s (control), 5 s, 30 s, or 60 s. Samples were eluted with 2 mL of Dey-Engley neutralizing broth by 5x repeated pipetting and plated via the double agar overlay assay. Statistical analysis was completed in R using a generalized linear model with Quasipoisson error approximations. Time, concentration, surface type, and inoculum matrix were all significant contributors to log reduction at P = 0.05. Significant three-way interactions were observed for 1000 ppm, vinyl, and 60 s (P = 0.03) and 1000 ppm, tripartite, and 60s (P = 0.0121). A significant two-way interaction between vinyl and 60 s was also observed (P = 0.0168). Overall, increased HOCl concentration and exposure time led to increased Phi6 reduction. Notably, the highest estimated mean log reduction was 3.31 (95% CI: 3.14, 3.49) for stainless steel at 60 s and 1,000 ppm HOCl in artificial saliva, indicating that this method of sanitization may not adequately reduce enveloped viruses to below infective thresholds.
Prenatal diagnosis at different gestational times and clinical features of choledochal cysts: A single tertiary center report
Authors: Yang Dan , Li Long , Diao Mei , Xie Xianghui , Ming Anxiao , Tian Yu , Gao Ruyue 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of prenatal diagnosis at different gestational times on the clinical features of patients with choledochal cysts (CDCs).
Methods
Medical records of patients with prenatally diagnosed CDCs admitted to our hospital (April 2013-April 2018) were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical characteristics and pathological CDC features were analyzed.
Results
Two hundred twenty cases were included. Patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 and group 2 had a prenatal diagnosis at ≤ 27 weeks of gestation (second trimester of gestation, n = 158) and > 27 weeks (third trimester of gestation, n = 62), respectively. The incidence of jaundice and the TBIL, IBIL and GGT levels were higher in Group 1 (P = 0.019, P = 0.029, P = 0.042, P = 0.007, respectively). The maximum cyst diameter at the time of surgery was larger in Group 1 (P = 0.015). An association study showed that the time of prenatal diagnosis was negatively correlated with the maximum cyst diameter both postnatally (r=-0.223, P = 0.001) and at the time of surgery (r=-0.268, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Unlike patients diagnosed at a late prenatal age, patients diagnosed at an early prenatal age tend to present clinical symptoms (jaundice, manifested as high indirect bilirubin), hepatic function damage, and large cysts at the time of surgery.
The prevalence of various menstrual disorders and its association with psychological stress in medical faculties students. A Cross-sectional study.
Authors: Alshayeb Sarah , Kahal Fares , Helwani Omar Al , Helwani Ahmad Al , Torbey Andre , Kadri Saeed , Aldarra Ahmad , Alsaadi Aya , Al-Habal Sedra , Moufti Mayssa , Alswaedan Ghofran , Johari Massa , Albaghajati Sara , Sarraj Hala , Ataya Sham , Mansour Maznh , Sakka Kanaan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Menstrual disorders are of the most prevalent health issues in young female students studying in health science faculties. The purpose of this study was to provide an insight on the menstrual patterns among medical faculties students, and to determine whether stress can be an identified factor for its various disorders.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Faculties of Medicine, Dentistry and pharmacy in the Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria, between October and November of 2022. Nine hundred and eighty female students anonymously completed the identification of menstrual problems and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire. The date was analyzed with Social Science Statistics Package.
Results: The mean age of the students was 21.52 ± 2.06 years. The most common menstrual disorders in this study were dysmenorrhea (88%), premenstrual syndrome (87%), and irregular menstrual cycle (21%). We found a statistically significant relationship between the occurrence of irregular menstrual cycle and amenorrhea, polymenorrhea, and oligomenorrhea. 82% had mild to moderate stress, 10% had high stress, while 8% had low stress. There was a statistically significant relationship between stress and abnormal vaginal bleeding, oligomenorrhea, and menstrual irregularity.
Conclusion: There was a really high prevalence of stress among these students, which was also associated with the occurrence of various menstrual disorders, both of which can not only have an impact on a student's ability to function academically, but also may potentially have detrimental impacts on their reproductive and mental health. It is for that reason we advise that all students of medical faculties get brief courses on stress management strategies as part of their curriculum. Additionally, all medical faculties universities should set up procedures for the early detection of individuals with stress and menstruation disorders. The identified students with high stress levels should also get prompt gynaecological and psychiatric counselling.