bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEAP1‐NRF2 protein–protein interaction inhibitors: Design, pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential
Authors: Crisman Enrique , Duarte Pablo , Dauden Esteban , Cuadrado Antonio , Rodríguez‐Franco María Isabel , López Manuela G. , León Rafael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) is considered the master regulator of the phase II antioxidant response. It controls a plethora of cytoprotective genes related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and protein homeostasis, among other processes. Activation of these pathways has been described in numerous pathologies including cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive, metabolic, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the increasing interest of discovering novel NRF2 activators due to its clinical application, initial efforts were devoted to the development of electrophilic drugs able to induce NRF2 nuclear accumulation by targeting its natural repressor protein Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (KEAP1) through covalent modifications on cysteine residues. However, off‐target effects of these drugs prompted the development of an innovative strategy, the search of KEAP1‐NRF2 protein–protein interaction (PPI) inhibitors. These innovative activators are proposed to target NRF2 in a more selective way, leading to potentially improved drugs with the application for a variety of diseases that are currently under investigation. In this review, we summarize known KEAP1‐NRF2 PPI inhibitors to date and the bases of their design highlighting the most important features of their respective interactions. We also discuss the preclinical pharmacological properties described for the most promising compounds.
Mesenchymal stem cell culture in aligned porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds using a multiwell plate bioreactor for bone tissue engineering
Authors: G. Gayathry , R. K. Athira , M. S. Anju , P. R. Anil Kumar , P. R. Harikrishna Varma , Kasoju Naresh , Komath Manoj 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRegeneration of bone lost by trauma, diseases and aging, and restoration of its load‐bearing function are major clinical challenges. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a clinically proven scaffold material for bone grafting, but the random‐pore structure limits the homing of the cells inside the graft and the bone regeneration progresses with the resorption of the graft material. This work is based on the hypothesis that aligned through pores in the graft will lead to a faster healing by homing the local cells inside and provide a better environment for new bone formation through the graft structure. The investigation was done using aligned porous HA scaffolds seeded with human Wharton's jelly‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ‐MSCs) and cultured in a multiwell format bioreactor setup. The cell adhesion was studied by microscopy, cell proliferation was evaluated by Alamar blue assay and osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by biochemical and molecular assays. The results indicate that the hWJ‐MSCs infiltrated through the aligned porous network of the scaffold, proliferated well when cultured in the expansion medium, and differentiated into osteogenic lineage when cultured in the differentiation medium.
Comparison of outcomes between single‐ and multiple‐perforator‐based free perforator flaps: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yin Shou‐cheng , Liu Yi‐hao , Shi Chao , Qiao Qi‐hui , Xu Zhong‐fei , Feng Cui‐juan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPerforator‐based free perforator flaps have become an important tool for the reconstruction of tissue defects. The effect of the number of perforators on the outcomes of perforator flaps has been widely debated. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of single‐ and multiple‐perforator‐based free perforator flaps in free‐flap reconstruction.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov between January 2000 and June 2021 to identify studies that reported data on the outcomes of free perforator flaps. Two authors individually extracted data and performed quality assessment. Outcomes, including partial flap loss, total loss, fat necrosis, arterial insufficiency, venous insufficiency, hemorrhage and hematoma, wound dehiscence at recipient sites and donor site complications, were evaluated.ResultsThirty‐two studies with 2498 flaps were included in our analysis. No significant difference was found in the rates of partial loss and arterial insufficiency of flaps, hemorrhage and hematoma, wound dehiscence at recipient sites and donor site complications. However, the multiple‐perforator group showed significantly lower rates of total loss (relative risk [RR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–1.79, p = .754), fat necrosis (RR = 1.79, 95% [CI]: 1.36–2.36, p = .000) and venous insufficiency (RR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.07–2.79, p = .026) than the single‐perforator group.ConclusionThe rates of total loss, fat necrosis and venous insufficiency in the multiple‐perforator group were lower than those in the single‐perforator group. Hence, we recommend that multiple perforators be included in the free perforator flap when appropriate, to yield better clinical outcomes in reconstruction.
The mitochondrial‐derived lncRNA MDL1 mediates a mitochondria‐to‐nucleus retrograde regulation by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of p53
Authors: Li Jia , Bai Ruolin , Yang Weijia , Miao Hui , Li Yu , Dai Hongyuan , Li Ling , Zhao Yongyun , Song Xu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt has been clear that mitochondria are not just nucleus‐relying entities; instead, they also modulate nuclear events reversely. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are classified into nuclear‐encoded and mitochondrial‐derived lncRNAs (nulncRNAs and mtlncRNAs, respectively). Relative to nulncRNAs, the mtlncRNAs are far from being well characterized. Here we report a mtlncRNA, MDL1, that interacts with both p53 and Tid1 proteins and acts as retrograde signaling. MDL1 can regulate a network of nuclear genes, including p53 targets, and functions in cells in a p53‐dependent manner. Mechanistically, MDL1 is necessary for maintenance of the reciprocal interaction between p53 and Tid1, thereby facilitating formation of a ternary MDL1/p53/Tid1 complex that inhibits the nuclear translocation of p53. Since p53 is a canonical transcription factor, the observed inhibition of p53 nuclear translocation would contribute to the MDL1‐mediated mitochondrial retrograde regulation on nuclear genes expression. This study advances our understanding of lncRNA biology, and also sheds new light on the role of mtlncRNAs in mitochondrial‐nuclear functional network and in diverse biological processes.
Association between mental health and academic performance among university undergraduates: The interacting role of lifestyle behaviors
Authors: Chu Tianshu , Liu Xin , Takayanagi Shigemi , Matsushita Tomoko , Kishimoto Hiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesImpaired mental health status tends to be associated with poor academic performance, but few prospective studies have examined the association between mental health and academic performance among undergraduates while considering the interacting roles of multiple lifestyle behaviors.Participants and MethodsA total of 1823 Japanese undergraduate students (67% men) were followed up for 4 years. Their mental health status was measured by the six‐item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). We defined poor academic performance as a grade point average (GPA) <2.0. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the relationship between the students' mental health status and the incident risk of poor academic performance.ResultsOur analyses revealed that impaired mental health status in the first semester of university study significantly predicted an increased incident risk of poor academic performance during the overall undergraduate period. This association remained significant when the health lifestyle behaviors were adjusted, and the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for poor academic performance was 1.62 (1.18–2.23). This significant association disappeared in the low‐lifestyle‐behavior‐risk group.ConclusionImpaired mental health status in the first semester significantly predicts an increased incident risk of poor academic performance during the undergraduate period.
Assessing patient safety culture in obstetrics ward: A pilot study using a modified Manchester Patient Safety Framework in China
Authors: Wang Li‐juan , Wang XiaoLing , Zou Min , Jiang Li‐ping , Ding Hui‐rong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe primary objective of this study was to assess the patient safety culture in a general hospital in Shanghai, China, through a modified Manchester Patient Safety Framework (MaPSaF).DesignThis study has a qualitative interview design. Data were collected through group interviews and analyses performed through content analysis.MethodsThe MaPSaF was translated into Chinese and used to assess the patient safety culture in a large general hospital in Shanghai, China. Group interviews using the MaPSaF were conducted with 15 nurses in the obstetric ward. Participants rated their safety practice individually on each of the nine MaPSaF safety culture dimensions. The dimensions and scores were then collectively discussed and a practice‐wide consensus score for each dimension was agreed. Discussions were recorded, transcribed and analysed to assess patient safety in the obstetric ward.ResultsIt took about 2 hr to complete the discussion focusing on patients' safety employing the MaPSaF. Most participants recognized the process as acceptable and useful. The MaPSaF directed team discussion about patient safety issues and facilitated communication, prompting some practice changes. All participants responded positively to the discussion and perceived MaPSaF as a good safety culture assessment tool, with clear, comprehensive and understandable entries. The process demonstrated that the department of obstetrics in the hospital already had a positive patient safety culture, but certain areas were highlighted as still needing improvement. Based on participants' positive experience and perception of the MaPSaF, it can be concluded that there is potential benefit in its adaptation and use in obstetrics wards of Chinese hospitals. The MaPSaF has the potential to strengthen existing safety cultures and improve general safety through collaborative measures.
Ethics of Care as a theory of normative fundraising ethics
Authors: Willey Sarah N. , Owen Christopher J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLittle normative ethical theory exists in the nonprofit marketing literature. Previous attempts at an ethical framework for the field of nonprofit fundraising fell short of fully considering the full spectrum of relationships involved in fundraising practice. We introduce the concept of Ethics of Care, an ethical theory that centers around relationships and interpersonal well‐being, as a philosophical foundation for professional ethics in the field of fundraising. We believe this theory provides a suitable framework in which to ground questions of professional ethics for nonprofit fundraising professionals. The adoption of Ethics of Care as a normative ethical theory for fundraising will allow applied ethical questions in the field to be explored in a way that more fully addresses all parties involved in fundraising and affected by its outcomes. Our paper illustrates the process of applying the foundational principles in specific ethical quandaries found within fundraising and aims to address the omission of the beneficiary in the majority of previous ethical frameworks and promote a new set of standards that fully incorporates and balances all stakeholders' needs.
Local ecological knowledge provides novel evidence on threats and declines for the Caucasian grouse Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi in Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve, Iran
Authors: Ghanbari Sajad , Turvey Samuel T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The Caucasian grouse Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi, one of the most poorly known species of grouse, is experiencing population declines associated with multiple threats. Evaluating species' population status in relation to different local human activities is important to inform conservation and identify suitable management methods, but determining status and threats for poorly known taxa may require assessment of non‐standard sources of ecological information.

We investigated what novel insights can be provided by local ecological knowledge (LEK) about population status and threats to the Caucasian grouse, in relation to the comparative status of other co‐occurring wildlife and to different local land‐use activities, and how data on local awareness and attitudes can guide conservation planning for this species. We conducted an interview survey in rural communities in the Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve (ABR), Iran, and collected LEK from 95 respondents within villages situated close to the locations of surviving and extirpated grouse populations.

LEK is a useful tool for assessing the status of grouse populations: 41.1% of respondents recognized grouse and 30.5% had seen the species, and respondents within villages situated close to surviving grouse populations had greater awareness, sighting likelihood, and more recent sightings. More respondents considered that grouse and other galliforms had declined in comparison to other wildlife. Decline and disappearance of grouse populations is associated with alteration and disturbance of grouse habitat, with potential drivers including increased cattle grazing and local bans on harvesting fodder.

These findings provide a new baseline to guide the development of suitable grassland management strategies (e.g. grazing regimes) for this species, and highlight the importance of further assessment of the effects of habitat disturbance on grouse survival, including understanding local histories of human–environmental interaction. Current landscape management methods are not supported by local people within the ABR, with most respondents disagreeing with the strict conservation measures currently in place, and we recommend that a new management system should be developed for Caucasian grouse conservation, including targeted conservation education and involving local community participation and co‐management.

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Mechanical and antimicrobial properties of low‐density‐polyethylene/MgO nanocomposites
Authors: Cament Alejandro , Moreno‐Serna Viviana , Loyo Carlos , Quintana Pabla , Seura Pablo , Baier Raúl Vallejos , Benavente Rosario , Ulloa María Teresa , Rivas Lina María , Pino Eduardo , Gómez Tatiana , Zapata Paula A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLow‐density polyethylene (LDPE) nanocomposites containing magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles are obtained by melt mixing. MgO nanoparticles ca. 29 ± 2 nm are synthesized by sol–gel and organically modified on the surface with oleic acid (Mod‐MgO), whose final concentration in the polymers is 3, 5, and 10 wt%. The presence of these nanoparticles did not affect the crystallization process of LDPE. However, Young's modulus increases with 10 wt% of Mod‐MgO nanoparticles, rendering higher reinforcement effects with an increase as high as 48%. This affects the elongation at break, which decreases ca. 57% compared to neat LDPE. The storage and loss modulus of the LDPE/MgO and LDPE/Mod‐MgO nanocomposites increases at room temperature and low temperatures (−150 to −50°C) compared to neat LDPE. SEM analysis showed that the organic modification of MgO nanoparticles improved their dispersion within the polymer matrix. Nanocomposites present antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli, reaching an efficiency ca. 53%.
Newly developed biocarbon to increase electrical conductivity in sustainable polyamide 12 composites
Authors: Das Chinmoyee , Tamrakar Sandeep , Mielewski Debbie , Kiziltas Alper , Xie Xinfeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSustainable manufacture caused shift in automotive manufacturing practices. Polymer‐based composites make up almost 15% mass of the entire vehicle, most importantly the fuel system of the vehicle. Poor electrical conductivity of the polymer composites leads to electrostatic deposition, which can lead to issues. Carbon based synthetic fillers like carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes are attractive options to develop electrically conductive composites, owing to their excellent electrical and mechanical properties. However, the production process of these reinforcements is highly time and energy intensive making it quite expensive and not quite sustainable. Lignocellulosic feedstock can be carbonized at a high treatment temperature of ≥1000°C to produce electrically conductive biocarbon filler. In this study biocarbon fibers developed using Douglas fir pulp, were incorporated into polyamide 12 matrix to develop composites. The composites were fabricated using hot compression mounting. At a filler loading of 7.5 wt% the composites reported log electrical conductivity value of −6.67 S/cm and at 35 wt% filler loading rate the composite conductivity was −0.31 S/cm. An electrical conductivity of −8.70 S/cm for polyamide 6 composites filled with 20 wt% carbon fiber and −1.03 S/cm were reported for 40 wt% carbon fiber concentration in reviewed literature. The electrical conductivity values for the samples with 20 and 40 wt% carbon fibers are significantly lower compared to the biochar fiber filled composites at 25 and 35 wt% biochar filler loading rates, indicating the effectiveness of the biochar filler as a conductive filler in developing electrically conductive, sustainable composites.
Opportunities for pharmacoproteomics in biomarker discovery
Authors: Poulos Rebecca C. , Cai Zhaoxiang , Robinson Phillip J. , Reddel Roger R. , Zhong Qing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProteomic data are a uniquely valuable resource for drug response prediction and biomarker discovery because most drugs interact directly with proteins in target cells rather than with DNA or RNA. Recent advances in mass spectrometry and associated processing methods have enabled the generation of large‐scale proteomic datasets. Here we review the significant opportunities that currently exist to combine large‐scale proteomic data with drug‐related research, a field termed pharmacoproteomics. We describe successful applications of drug response prediction using molecular data, with an emphasis on oncology. We focus on technical advances in data‐independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA‐MS) that can facilitate the discovery of protein biomarkers for drug responses, alongside the increased availability of big biomedical data. We spotlight new opportunities for machine learning in pharmacoproteomics, driven by the combination of these large datasets and improved high‐performance computing. Finally, we explore the value of pre‐clinical models for pharmacoproteomic studies and the accompanying challenges of clinical validation. We propose that pharmacoproteomics offers the potential for novel discovery and innovation within the cancer landscape.
Study of plasma parameters and gas heating in the voltage range of nondischarge to full‐discharge in a methane‐fed dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Pourali Nima , Lai Khuetian , Gregory Joe , Gong Yuyan , Hessel Volker , Rebrov Evgeny V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExperimental data are used in theoretical models to study the effects of input voltage and gas flow rate on plasma and background gas parameters in a voltage range where the transition from nondischarge to full‐discharge happens. To this end, a specific methane‐fed dielectric barrier discharge is used as a plasma reactor, and electrical modeling, the Boltzmann equation method, and emission spectrum analysis are employed to calculate plasma parameters and gas heating. The output of this study proves that a uniform plasma with a controllable background gas heating is achievable by the adjustment of input parameters such as voltage and gas flow rate in a well‐designed dielectric barrier discharge.
Influence of diverse storage conditions of double‐stranded RNAin vitro on the RNA interference efficiency in vivo insect Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Bai Mei , Liu Zi‐Ling , Zhou Yu‐Yu , Xu Qiu‐Xuan , Liu Tong‐Xian , Tian Hong‐Gang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundA significant variation in RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency hinders further functional gene studies and pest control application in many insects. The available double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules introduced into the target cells are regarded as the crucial factor for efficient RNAi response. However, numerous studies have only focused on dsRNA stability in vivo; it is uncertain whether different dsRNA storage conditions in vitro play a role in variable RNAi efficiency among insects.ResultsA marker gene cardinal, which leads to white eyes when knocked‐down in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, was used to evaluate the effects of RNAi efficiency under different dsRNA storage conditions. We demonstrated that the dsRNA molecule is very stable under typical cryopreservation temperatures (−80 and −20 °C) within 180 days, and RNAi efficiency shows no significant differences under either low temperature. Unexpectedly, while dsRNA molecules were treated with multiple freeze–thaw cycles up to 50 times between −80/−20 °C and room temperature, we discovered that dsRNA integrity and RNAi efficiency were comparable with fresh dsRNA. Finally, when the stability of dsRNA was further measured under refrigerated storage conditions (4 °C), we surprisingly found that dsRNA is still stable within 180 days and can induce an efficient RNAi response as that of initial dsRNA.ConclusionOur results indicate that dsRNA is extraordinarily stable under various temperature storage conditions that did not significantly impact RNAi efficiency in vivo insects. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The dual impacts of specialized agricultural services on pesticide application intensity: Evidence from China
Authors: Li Qian , Wang Jingjing , Wu Junqian , Zhai Qianqian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpecialized agricultural services are a new trend in agricultural production around the world, especially in developing countries. However, the growing impacts of specialized agricultural services on pesticide application intensity are unclear. In regions facing pesticide overuse, do specialized agricultural services exacerbate or mitigate the problem?RESULTSBased on province‐level panel data from China from 2004 to 2018, this study examines the impact of specialized agricultural services on pesticide application intensity, considering both direct and indirect (i.e. spatial spillover) effects. The dual impacts of specialized agricultural services on pesticide application intensity in China are identified. First, specialized agricultural services directly increase pesticide application intensity, likely due to increased cultivation and specialized management of land that was previously abandoned or marginally managed. Second, there is a negative indirect or spatial spillover effect of specialized agricultural services on pesticide application intensity, likely due to technology and efficiency diffusion enabled by the cross‐regional provision of specialized agricultural services. The net impact of specialized agricultural services on pesticide application intensity is negative.CONCLUSIONCrop protection services are regarded as the core force to promote the reduction of pesticide application intensity. Steps should be taken to promote the research and development, demonstration, and promotion of new technologies and equipment for crop protection services, particularly the development of crop protection by drones. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.