bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards communication-efficient vertical federated learning training via cache-enabled local updates
Authors: Fu Fangcheng , Miao Xupeng , Jiang Jiawei , Xue Huanran , Cui Bin 
Published: September 2022

Vertical federated learning (VFL) is an emerging paradigm that allows different parties (e.g., organizations or enterprises) to collaboratively build machine learning models with privacy protection. In the training phase, VFL only exchanges the intermediate statistics, i.e., forward activations and backward derivatives, across parties to compute model gradients. Nevertheless, due to its geo-distributed nature, VFL training usually suffers from the low WAN bandwidth.
In this paper, we introduce CELU-VFL, a novel and efficient VFL training framework that exploits the local update technique to reduce the cross-party communication rounds. CELU-VFL caches the stale statistics and reuses them to estimate model gradients without exchanging the ad hoc statistics. Significant techniques are proposed to improve the convergence performance. First, to handle the stochastic variance problem, we propose a uniform sampling strategy to fairly choose the stale statistics for local updates. Second, to harness the errors brought by the stateness, we devise an instance weighting mechanism that measures the reliability of the estimated gradients. Theoretical analysis proves that CELU-VFL achieves a similar sub-linear convergence rate as vanilla VFL training but requires much fewer communication rounds. Empirical results on both public and real-world workloads validate that CELU-VFL can be up to six times faster than the existing works.
Impact of benzimidazole functional groups on the n-doping properties of benzimidazole derivatives
Authors: Tang Chenqing , Li Gongchun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
n-Dopants play a crucial role in improving organic electronic devices through controlled doping of organic semiconductors. Benzimidazoline-based dopants have been reported as one of the best solution-processed n-type dopant precursors. In this study, two benzimidazoline-based dopants (BIBDTO and BBIBDTO) were prepared using benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene as the 2-Ar unit, and their n-doping properties on the fullerene derivative PTEG-2 as the host material were carried out. For BIBDTO and BBIBDTO, respectively, the temperature at which 5% weight loss was achieved was 229 and 265°C. By comparing the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and density functional theory calculated data, it is found that BBIBDTO has a higher energy level, which is more favorable for charge transfer. Additionally, both the oxidative titration experiments and conductivity characterization of the dopants showed that BBIBDTO was more advantageous at low doping concentrations, and the BBIBDTO-doped PTEG-2 films obtained a conductivity of 0.15 S cm−1 at 10 mol% doping concentration. However, at high dopant concentrations, the dopant volume increases, potentially disrupting the microstructure. The highest conductivity of 0.29 S cm–1 was obtained at a BIBDTO doping concentration of 15 mol%. This study delves into the effect of benzimidazole functional groups on the doping performance of benzimidazoline-based dopant molecules, providing insight into designing novel efficient n-type dopant molecules and further selecting the type of dopant for various doping systems.
The modelling of railway subgrade strengthening foundation on weak soils
Authors: Jankowski Wojciech , Sołkowski Juliusz 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As a consequence of increased axle loads and speeds of trains on modernised railway lines, there may occur problems with bearing capacity and stability of the subgrade in some sections of the railway network. This is the situation we are dealing with right now on the Polish State Railways network. Therefore, as a case study, a fragment of an existing railway embankment based on a weak foundation was chosen for the analysis of train–track–subgrade interaction. A two-stage train–track–subgrade model has been developed. The model consists of the upper part (train–track) and the lower part (subgrade-foundation). The first part is modelled as a self-contained system of differential equations which are solved by means of finite difference method and yield the stress levels on the subgrade. These stresses are treated as a load for the lower system modelled using FEM. The model has been validated using experimental data from literature, authors’ measurements, and railway staff measurements of the track geometry. Several cases of strengthening methods were calculated and compared with measurements on the railway section under consideration. Good agreement between the prediction and the measurement was found. The novelty of the model is including the heterogeneity of the subgrade, the strengthening methods, and very deep layers of its foundation as well as adding the influence of vibration on the weakening of soils. It was found that this influence is noticeable and should be included in the prediction of railway subgrade behaviour
Long-term complete remission of metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Cárdenas-Salas Jersy , Castelo Beatriz , Regojo Rita María , González-Sanchez Juan Antonio , Álvarez-Escolá Cristina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To report a rare case of a metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) that achieve a complete and a long-term remission.

Case presentation
AAC is a rare and aggressive tumor, with a high risk of recurrence and that present metastases in 21% of cases at diagnosis. Treatment of advanced ACC is challenging, mitotane is the only available adrenolytic treatment, with modest and unpredictable responses. Response rates to systemic chemotherapy are not encouraging. We describe the case of a 39-year-old woman with a metastatic ACC, that achieve a complete and long-term remission after chemotherapy, mitotane treatment and surgery of primary tumor and liver metastases.

Conclusions
A complete remission of a metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma is possible in some rare cases after a multimodal treatment.
Corona Monitoring Nationwide (RKI-SOEP-2): Seroepidemiological Study on the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 Across Germany
Authors: Bartig Susanne , Brücker Herbert , Butschalowsky Hans , Danne Christian , Gößwald Antje , Goßner Laura , Grabka Markus M. , Haller Sebastian , Hess Doris , Hey Isabell , Hoebel Jens , Jordan Susanne , Kubisch Ulrike , Niehues Wenke , Poethko-Mueller Christina , Priem Maximilian , Rother Nina , Schaade Lars , Schaffrath Rosario Angelika , Schlaud Martin , Siegert Manuel , Stahlberg Silke , Steinhauer Hans W. , Tanis Kerstin , Torregroza Sabrina , Trübswetter Parvati , Wernitz Jörg , Wieler Lothar H. , Wilking Hendrik , Zinn Sabine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus, spread across Germany within just a short period of time. Seroepidemiological studies are able to estimate the proportion of the population with antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection (seroprevalence) as well as the level of undetected infections, which are not captured in official figures. In the seroepidemiological study Corona Monitoring Nationwide (RKI-SOEP-2), biospecimens and interview data were collected in a nationwide population-based subsample of the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). By using laboratory-analyzed blood samples to detect antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, we were able to identify a history of vaccination or infection in study participants. By combining these results with survey data, we were able to identify groups within the population that are at increased risk of infection. By linking the RKI-SOEP-2 survey data with data from other waves of the SOEP survey, we will be able to examine the medium- to long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, including effects of long COVID, in diverse areas of life. Furthermore, the data provide insight into the population’s willingness to be vaccinated as well as related attitudes and conditions. In sum, the RKI-SOEP-2 survey data offer a better understanding of the scope of the epidemic in Germany and can help in identifying target groups for infection control in the present and future pandemics.
Pattern of presentation of paediatric endocrine disorders in a Nigerian tertiary institution: an 11-year survey
Authors: Chikani Ugo N. , Ohuche Ijeoma O. , Dike Chinedu M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
There is need to generate epidemiological data regarding paediatric endocrine disorders (PEDs) in sub-Saharan Africa, since little attention has been given endocrine disorders in children in this sub-region over the years. The aim of the study was to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of children with endocrine disorders in our paediatric endocrinology clinic, as well as the pattern of presentation of these disorders.

Methods
This study included paediatric patients who presented to the endocrine clinic over an 11-year period. Data of patients seen during the study period were retrieved from the case notes and were analyzed using SPSS version 23.

Results
A total of 188 patients were seen over the study period, with an almost equal male:female ratio. Five of the patients (2.7%) could not be classified into any gender because of genital ambiguity. The age of the patients at diagnosis ranged from 0 to 18 years of age with a median age of 9.03 (9.94) years. All the 14 subdivisions of paediatric endocrine disorders were documented among the patients, with thyroid disorders ranking highest among the PEDs seen. Type 1 diabetes mellitus, obesity and pubertal disorders were the most prevalent PEDs (in descending order), after thyroid disorders. Congenital hypothyroidism accounted for 14.3% of patients with thyroid disorders.

Conclusions
Thyroid disorders, type 1 diabetes mellitus and obesity rank highest among the PEDs in our locality. There is the need to create awareness among healthcare workers and the general public regarding these disorders, in order to improve appropriate and timely presentation of patients to the clinic.
Perinatal diet and offspring anxiety: A scoping review
Authors: Monteiro Sasha , Nejad Yousef Sadat , Aucoin Monique 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Health behaviors during pregnancy have an impact on the developing offspring. Dietary factors play a role in the development of mental illness: however, less is known about the impact of diet factors during pre-conception, gestation, and lactation on anxiety levels in offspring. This scoping review sought to systematically map the available research involving human and animal subjects to identify nutritional interventions which may have a harmful or protective effect, as well as identify gaps. Studies investigating an association between any perinatal diet pattern or diet constituent and offspring anxiety were included. The number of studies reporting an association with increased or decreased levels of anxiety were counted and presented in figures. A total of 55,914 results were identified as part of a larger scoping review, and 120 articles met the criteria for inclusion. A greater intake of phytochemicals and vitamins were associated with decreased offspring anxiety whereas maternal caloric restriction, protein restriction, reduced omega-3 consumption, and exposure to a high fat diet were associated with higher levels of offspring anxiety. Results were limited by a very large proportion of animal studies. High quality intervention studies involving human subjects are warranted to elucidate the precise dietary factors or constituents that modulate the risk of anxiety in offspring.
Postkoloniale Kirchengeschichtsdidaktik im Horizont der Lebenswelten Heranwachsender
Authors: Konz Britta 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag skizziert Konturen einer postkolonialen Kirchengeschichtsdidaktik. Er greift damit die Herausforderungen auf, die sich angesichts eines durch Globalisierung, Migration und Digitalisierung vollziehenden Wandels von Erinnerungskulturen stellen. Hierdurch sind neue Wege der Vermittlung von (Kirchen-)Geschichte erforderlich. Zunächst werden die Anliegen postkolonialer Theorie und postkolonialer Kirchengeschichte skizziert. Hiervon ausgehend wird ausgelotet, wie postkoloniale Kirchengeschichtsdidaktik im Horizont der Lebenswelten Heranwachsender und ihrer identitätsbezogenen Spurensuche verankert werden kann. Um eine spezifische religiöse Auseinandersetzung mit Geschichte und Erinnerung sowie den Erfahrungen von Leid, Scham und Schuld anzuregen, wird ausblickend das Konzept des Anamnetischen Theologisierens vorgestellt. Es regt dazu an, über den persönlichen und kollektiven Umgang mit Geschichte und Erinnerung nachzudenken und biblisch-theologische Vorstellungen von Gerechtigkeit als Orientierungswissen verfügbar zu machen, die über die Vorfindlichkeiten der Realität hinaus hoffen lassen.
Christlicher oder evangelischer Religionsunterricht? Zur Wiederkehr der unliebsamen Bekenntnisfrage
Authors: Schweitzer Friedrich 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag bezieht sich auf die aktuelle Diskussion über einen „Christlichen Religionsunterricht“ in gemeinsamer Verantwortung der Kirchen in Niedersachsen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Frage nach der Bekenntnisbindung eines solchen Unterrichts – angesichts der Tatsache, dass es kein gemeinsames Bekenntnis der römisch-katholischen Kirche und der evangelischen Kirchen gibt. Dargestellt werden diverse Schwierigkeiten und ungelöste Fragen, die sich daraus für das genannte Reformprojekt ergeben, angefangen bei der kirchlich-gemeinsamen Aufsicht über einen solchen Unterricht bis hin zu dem Problem, was aus Religionslehrkräften, aber auch Schülern und Eltern werden soll, die sich nicht auf einen gemeinsamen „Christlichen Unterricht“ einlassen wollen. Am Ende des Beitrags wird eine Reihe von Prüffragen für die religionspädagogische Beurteilung des neuen Modells formuliert.
Optimization of Advanced Laboratory Monotonic and Cyclic Triaxial Testing on Fine Sands
Authors: Liu Tingfa , Jardine Richard J. , Vinck Ken , Ackerley Steven K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Monotonic and cyclic triaxial testing provides key information for a wide range of sensitive geotechnical problems. This paper assesses the potential impact on stress-strain measurements of several error sources and discusses how test quality may be improved. External volume gauges are shown to be subject to significant errors that depend on the pressure level. While high-resolution local radial strain measurement presents considerable challenges, especially in long-duration cyclic tests, problems with “floating” radial-belt and alternative “L-configuration” systems were overcome by steps that allow strains as low as 10−4 % to be resolved reliably. Sample end conditions are shown more important than is commonly appreciated. Employing smooth, enlarged, and lubricated end platens can avoid the recording of misleadingly high shear resistances, which are most significant with relatively loose specimens tested under low effective stresses. Stiffnesses and dilation trends were also recorded more reliably in tests employing smooth, enlarged, and lubricated end platens. The arrangements overcome significant strain errors even in tests employing local instruments and specimens with initial height-to-diameter ratios of 2.
The Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) System of the Central Amygdala Mediates the Detrimental Effects of Chronic Social Defeat Stress in Rats
Authors: Seiglie Mariel P. , Lepeak Lauren , Velázquez-Sanchez Clara , Ferragud Antonio , Le Teresa , Cottone Pietro , Sabino Valentina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany psychiatric diseases stem from an inability to cope with stressful events, as chronic stressors can precipitate or exacerbate psychopathologies. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying the response to chronic stress and the resulting anxiety states remain poorly understood. Stress neuropeptides in the extended amygdala circuitry mediate the behavioral response to stress, and hyperactivity of these systems has been hypothesized to be responsible for the emergence of persistent negative outcomes and for the pathogenesis of anxiety-related and trauma-related disorders. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptor PAC1R are highly expressed within the central amygdala (CeA) and play a key role in stress regulation. Here, we used chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a clinically relevant model of psychosocial stress that produces robust maladaptive behaviors in rodents. We found that 10 days of CSDS cause a significant increase in PACAP levels selectively in the CeA of rats, as well as an increase in PAC1R mRNA. Using a viral vector strategy, we found that PAC1R knock-down in the CeA attenuates the CSDS-induced body weight loss and prevents the CSDS-induced increase in anxiety-like behavior. Notably, CSDS animals display reduced basal corticosterone (CORT) levels and PAC1R knock-down in CeA further reduce them. Finally, the CeA PAC1R knock-down blocks the increase in corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) immunoreactivity induced by CSDS in CeA. Our findings support the notion that the persistent activation of the PACAP-PAC1R system in the CeA mediates the behavioral outcomes of chronic psychosocial stress independently of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, perhaps via the recruitment of the CRF system.
ANONİM ORTAKLIKTA TEK BORÇ İLKESİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE TTK 421/2-a BENDİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KAYIŞ Ferhat 
Published: September 2022

Anonim ortaklıkta pay sahiplerinin asli borcu, sermaye taahhüdünü yerine getirmektir. Nitekim TTK 329/2’de pay sahiplerinin sadece taahhüt ettikleri sermaye paylarıyla şirkete karşı sorumlu oldukları belirtilmiştir. Bu açıdan pay sahiplerinin şirket alacaklılarına karşı herhangi bir sorumluluğu bulunmadığı gibi, sermaye koyma borcu dışında şirkete karşı kural olarak herhangi bir yükümlülük altında olduğu da söylenemez. Bu durum, anonim ortaklıklar hukukunda tek borç ilkesi olarak anılmaktadır. Tek borç ilkesi, mutlak nitelikte değildir; ancak hangi durumların bu ilkenin istisnası olduğu tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle tek borç ilkesi ve istisnaları karşılaştırmalı hukuk da dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir.
TTK 421/2-a bendinde ise, esas sözleşme değişikliğiyle bilanço zararlarının kapatılması amacıyla pay sahiplerine yükümlülük ve ikincil yükümlülük getirilebileceği hükme bağlanmıştır. Çalışmamızın devamında tek borç ilkesi çerçevesinde TTK 421/2-a bendi değerlendirilmiş, söz konusu düzenlemenin bu ilkenin bir istisnası olup olmadığı tartışılmıştır. Daha sonra ise TTK 421/2-a bendinin uygulama şartları ele alınarak, pay sahiplerine sermaye koyma borcu dışında getirilecek ek yükümlülüklerin şartları ve kapsamı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Outsiders políticos en Colombia, el caso de Cali
Authors: Gutiérrez Rojas Luis Eduardo , Gutiérrez Murillo Jaime 
Published: September 2022

Este artículo explora las causas que incidieron en el ascenso de un outsider político en la ciudad de Cali en el año 2000, Jhon Maro Rodríguez. A través de un estudio de caso, empleando herramientas cualitativas como el análisis documental, la entrevista, el análisis de redes y desde una perspectiva analítica, se relacionan cuatro factores considerados necesarios para la ocurrencia del fenómeno. La hipótesis central es que la crisis de representación no es una condición explicativa suficiente para el ascenso de los outsiders políticos y que la mediación del entorno político, social y económico son factores que inciden significativamente. Igualmente, se asegura que la elección del año 2000 representa un punto de quiebre en las lógicas de la competencia electoral para el cargo ejecutivo municipal.
Using Pathological Traits for the Assessment of Suicide Risk: A Suicide Indicator Proposal for the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2
Authors: Gonçalves André Pereira , Machado Gisele Magarotto , Pianowski Giselle , Carvalho Lucas de Francisco 
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to investigate the discriminative capacity of IDCP-2 factors to identify people with suicide risk. Moreover, we are providing a suicide total score for IDCP-2. Participeted 346 people aged between 18 and 72 years who responded to ASIQ, IDCP-2, and PID-5. We divided participants into three groups: low-risk group moderate-risk and high-risk group. We conducted mean comparisons, linear regression analysis, and ROC curve verification. The IDCP-2 factors were able to discriminate between the groups, with the high-risk presenting the highest means. The regression indicated Self-devaluation and Hopelessness as variables with a significant single contribution in explaining suicidal behavior. Suicide risk indicators demonstrated adequate performance in identifying people according to the risk group. Our findings indicate that the IDCP-2 factors can discriminate groups of people according to suicidal behavior. Besides, the index developed showed sensitivity in the identification of people who reported attempted suicide. How to cite this article: Gonçalves, A.P., Machado, G.M., Pianowski, G., Carvalho, L.F. Using pathological traits for the assessment of suicide risk: a suicide indicator proposal for the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 31 (1), 65-76. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1.85513
Prevalence of Dating Violence in Adolescents of Five Colombian Cities
Authors: Rey Anacona César Armando , Hernández Acosta Nazly Sofía , Moreno Méndez Jaime Humberto , Redondo Pacheco Jesús , Hernández Cortés Lina María 
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and frequency of perpetration and victimization of different types of dating violence (DV), among adolescents from 13 to 19 years old in five capital cities of Colombia (Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Ibagué, Tunja, and Yopal), making comparisons by sex. The Spanish version of the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory was used and various statistical analyses, including the one-way MANOVA, were performed. The results show a high prevalence of DV, particularly verbal/emotional and bi-directional (almost 90 % of the participants), pointing out that sex could have a statistically significant effect on the prevalence of the different types of DV, being higher the proportion of men who perpetrated sexual violence and higher the proportion of women who perpetrated verbal/emotional and physical violence. These results indicate the need to continue investigating the phenomenon in Colombia, to carry out different prevention campaigns that are sensitive to differences by sex in prevalence. How to cite this article: Rey-Anacona, C. A., Hernández Acosta, N. S., Moreno Méndez, J. H., Redondo Pacheco, J., & Hernández Cortés, L. M. (2021). Prevalence of dating violence in adolescents of five Colombian cities. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 31 (1), 93-107. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1.86780