bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small mammals of background areas in the vicinity of the Karabash copper smelter (Southern Urals, Russia)
Authors: Mukhacheva Svetlana , Davydova Yulia , Sozontov Artëm 
Published: January 2022

The dataset contains records of small mammals (Eulipotyphla and Rodentia) collected in the background (unpolluted) areas in the vicinity of Karabash copper smelter (Southern Urals, Russia) and the territory of the Sultanovskoye deposit of copper-pyrite ores before the start of its development. Data were collected during the snowless periods in 2007 (18 sampling plots), 2008–2010 (13 plots annually), 2011 (30 plots) and 2012–2014 (19 plots annually). The capture of animals was carried out in different types of forests (pine, birch, mixed and floodplain), sparse birch stands, reed swamps, marshy and dry meadows, border areas, a household waste dump, areas of ruderal vegetation and a temporary camp. Our study of small mammals was conducted using trap lines (snap and live traps). During the study period, 709 specimens of small mammals were caught, which belonged to five species of shrews and 13 species of rodents. The dataset may be highly useful for studying regional fauna and the distribution of species in different habitats and could also be used as reference values for environmental monitoring and conservation activities.Our dataset contains new information on occurrences of small mammals. It includes the peculiarities of their habitat distribution in the background areas in the vicinity of the large copper smelter and the deposit of copper-pyrite ores before the start of its development (Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia). All occurrence records of 18 mammal species with georeferencing have been published in GBIF.
Independent Thinking in Nursing: An Archaeology of Knowledge Perspective
Authors: Dombrowsky Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The topic of thinking was not widely discussed in nursing literature until the 1960s. At that time, the nursing process entered nursing literature, and later, in the 1980s, critical thinking began to be examined. Critical thinking had been talked about in fields other than nursing since at least the time of educational philosopher John Dewey.

Method:
Using Foucault's Archaeology of Knowledge as a model, this article explores how and why thinking became an object of nursing discourse.

Results:
Modern nursing discourse emphasizes independent thinking in contrast to the discussion of comportment, attitudes, and observation found in the early nursing literature.

Conclusion:

The emergence of thinking discourse in nursing was a response to changes in health care that began in the period after World War II and although this discourse ostensibly serves to liberate nurses' thinking, it can actually serve to regulate the thinking of students and nurses.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(1):12–18.]
Racism and Professional Competence: Nursing Students in Interracial Evaluations
Authors: Wilson Kristi , Turkelson Carman , Logan Tyler , Rhodes Nancy 
Published: January 2022

Background:
This pilot study examined the association of internal and external motivation of White nursing students to avoid appearing racist while interacting with standardized patients in a simulation-based learning experience (SP-SBLE). The influence of nursing students' preexisting motivations to avoid racism were examined for their effect on clinical performance in their SP-SBLE.

Method:

White nursing students (
N
= 50) completed measures of motivations to avoid racism prior to their end of semester practical examination. Students were then randomly assigned to an SBLE with a SP portraying chest pain.

Results:
White students interacting with White SPs performed better than White students interacting with Black SPs.

Conclusion:

Concern about appearing racist may interfere with White students' ability to perform well in a clinical setting because it may draw cognitive resources away from the clinical task. This is a first step in understanding how nursing students' perceptions may contribute to racial inequities in health.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(1):41–45.]
Effects of transcutaneous electrical diaphragmatic stimulation on respiratory function in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation
Authors: Hsin Yi-Fei , Chen Shu-Hsin , Yu Teng-Jen , Huang Chung-Chi , Chen Yen-Huey 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE:
Muscle atrophy and diaphragm dysfunction are common with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV). Electrical stimulation on peripheral muscles has been shown to be beneficial in the improvement of muscle function. This study examined the effects of transcutaneous electrical diaphragmatic stimulation (TEDS) on respiratory muscle strength and weaning outcomes in patients with PMV.

METHODS:
Participants on ventilation for ≥21 days were randomly assigned to TEDS (n = 29) and control (n = 30) groups. The TEDS group received muscle electrical stimulation for 30 min/session/day throughout the intervention. Pulmonary function parameters (tidal volume, respiratory rate, and rapid shallow breathing index), and respiratory muscle strength (Pimax, Pemax) were assessed. The hospitalization outcome, including weaning rate and length of stay, was followed up until discharge.

RESULTS:
After TEDS, there was a significant increase in Pemax (10 [8–20] vs. 20 [10–22] cmH2O, P = 0.034) in the intervention group. At the end of the study, the improvement of minute volume in the TEDS group (0.64 (−0.67) was significantly higher than the control group (−0.64 (−2.5–0.78) (P = 0.008). In the control group, there was no significant difference between pre- and post-measurement of weaning parameters. There was a significant difference between groups in the weaning rate, with a higher rate in the TEDS group (90%) when compared with that in the control group (66.7%) (P =0.021).

CONCLUSION:
TEDS was significantly associated with increased respiratory muscle strength in patients with PMV. TEDS may be useful to facilitate weaning in this population.
Characteristics and outcome of tertiary care critically ill COVID-19 patients with multiple comorbidities admitted to the intensive care unit
Authors: Khalid Imran , Alshukairi Abeer N. , Khalid Tabindeh Jabeen , Imran Maryam , Imran Manahil , Akhtar Muhammad Ali , Wali Ghassan Y. 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE:
We conducted this study to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes exclusively in high-risk coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) tertiary care patients with multiple comorbidities, as very few have reported outcomes in this specific cohort.

METHODS:
All patients, with two or more risk factors for COVID-19 and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) of >2, who were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) between March and December 2020 were included. Their characteristics, ICU course, and outcomes as well as differences between nonsurvivors and survivors were evaluated. The primary outcome was all-cause 28-day mortality.

RESULTS:
Out of 1152 COVID-19 patients, 101 met the inclusion criteria. The patients had an average of 4 or more comorbidities with a very high CCI of 5. The 28-day all-cause mortality was 23% and inhospital mortality was 32%. Among all risk factors, only age > 70 years, male gender, and chronic kidney disease were significant determinants of mortality (P < 0.03). Admission PaO2/FiO2 ratio and elevated inflammatory markers were same among survivors and nonsurvivors (P > 0.66). The mean time from presentation to ICU admission (59 vs. 38 h), APACHE II score (20.5 vs. 17), ICU length of stay (25 vs. 12 days), and hospital length of stay (28 vs. 20 days) were all higher in nonsurvivors as compared to survivors, respectively (P < 0.03). Fifty-four percent of the patients were intubated and had higher 28-day (40%) and inhospital (55%) mortality.

CONCLUSION:
Tertiary care patients with multiple comorbidities have higher mortality than what is reported for mixed populations. Further studies are needed to determine realistic mortality benchmarks for these patients.
Sleep quality and mental health in coronavirus disease 2019 patients and general population during the pandemic
Authors: Alshumrani Ranya , Qanash Sultan , Aldobyany Ahmad , Alhejaili Faris , AlQassas Ibrahim , Shabrawishi Mohammed , Alnashiwaty Omar , Badghaish Mohannad , Adnan Mohammad , Afeef Ahmed Bin , Alghamdi Dhafer , Aljehani Salman , Alsurahi Anas , Faruqui Abdulaziz , Krayem Ayman , Manzar Md. Dilshad , Wali Siraj 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE:
Sleep problems during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic commonly affected general populations. Data on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Thus, the aim of our study was to evaluate sleep quality and assess the psychological burden of the pandemic in COVID-19 patients and the general population.

METHODS:
This was a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional survey. Participants with COVID-19 were recruited from different health-care centers in the western region during the lockdown period from May 13, 2020 to September 2, 2020. All participants completed a validated online survey. The control group comprised individuals from the general public who responded to the online survey through social media. Demographic data, COVID-19 status, and history of chronic diseases were collected. Sleep quality, depression, and insomnia were assessed using validated questionnaires.

Results:
In total, 1091 participants were surveyed and 643 (58.9%) were positive for COVID-19. Poor sleep quality was reported in 66.1% of COVID-19 patients (mean score ± standard deviation [SD] 6.9 ± 4.0) and 72.8% of controls (mean score ± SD 7.6 ± 4.3). Insomnia affected 50.5% of COVID-19 patients (mean score ± SD 6.5 ± 5.5) and 58.5% of controls (mean score ± SD 7.6 ± 5.5). Depression was diagnosed in 39.5% of COVID-19 patients (mean score ± SD 4.7 ± 4.6) and 70.1% of controls (mean score ± SD 8.9 ± 6.7).

CONCLUSIONS:
The COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on mental health and sleep quality in both COVID-19 patients and the general population but more pronounced in the general population.
Potenciando el trabajo en equipo para un aprendizaje colaborativo en modalidad virtual
Authors: Opazo Tania Gloria Tapia , Padilla Andrea de las Mercedes Arias , Tapia Diego Eduardo Leiva , Tapia Sofía Cristina Leiva 
Published: January 2022

El trabajo en equipo es una necesidad permanente, ya que el avance e innovación en las distintas áreas de desarrollo requiere una interdisciplinaridad que nos permita potenciar el conjunto de las áreas de trabajo. En este contexto, se aplicó una metodología organizacional de trabajo en equipo para estudiantes de primer y segundo año, en las asignaturas de Química General y Química Orgánica, de la Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; con el objetivo de promover el trabajo y aprendizaje colaborativo en modalidad virtual. Se aplicó a un total de 230 estudiantes durante 3 semestres, en los años 2020 y 2021. La recolección de información se realizó mediante la aplicación de 2 encuestas de apreciación, una con respecto a la metodología aplicada y la otra con respecto al trabajo de pares dentro del equipo. Se pudo concluir que la metodología tuvo una buena recepción por parte de los estudiantes, la consideraron sencilla, adecuada y les permitió optimizar su tiempo de trabajo. Por otra parte, también manifestaron una buena apreciación del trabajo colaborativo interno de los equipos.
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth and Quality Flower Production of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum Indicum L.)
Authors: Ehsanullah Md , Khan Ahasan Ullah , Kamruzzam Md , Tasnim Sarah 
Published: January 2022

A field study was conceded to assess the effect of plant growth regulators on growth and quality flower production of chrysanthemum at Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Gazipur, Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with ten (10) treatments and three replications. The treatments of plant growth regulators concentration were T1-50 ppm GA3, T2-100 ppm GA3, T3-150 ppm GA3, T4-400 ppm CCC, T5-600 ppm CCC, T6-800 ppm CCC, T7-250 ppm MH, T8-500 ppm MH, T9-750 ppm MH and, T10-Control. The maximum spreading of plant (27.0 cm) was observed when plants were treated with GA3 @ 150 ppm where the minimum plant spread (16.8 cm) was recorded in plants treated with CCC @ 800 ppm. The higher number of suckers (33) per pot was produced when pots were treated with GA3 @ 150 ppm whereas, application of CCC at three different concentrations produced lower number of suckers. The highest number of flower (40) was recorded with 150 ppm GA3, where minimum number of flowers (25) per pot in 800 ppm CCC. The plants sprayed with 50 ppm GA3 took 48 days to flower initiation, whereas, it took 70 days with 750 ppm MH. the highest plants recorded (7.40 cm) with 800 ppm CCC, whereas, lowest size (6.50 cm) was obtained with the application of 500 ppm MH. The maximum vase life of flowers was recorded for the treatment 800 ppm CCC (15 days), which was at par with 13 days vase life obtained by spraying 600 ppm CCC. Therefore, it is concluded that the GA3 acted as growth promoter and the CCC acted as growth retardants on yield and quality of chrysanthemum.
ROLE OF WOMEN ENTERPRISE FUND ON IMPROVING FOOD SECURITY OF WOMEN IN KARAPUL SUB LOCATION, SIAYA SUB COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Muhumbwa Euphrasia , Ahawo Omondi , Olang’o Charles , Kioli Felix 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the role of WEF on food security of women in Karapul Sub-location of Siaya Sub-County.
Materials and Methods: The study was guided by the Capability theory by Amartya Sen which emphasizes the importance of considering social and environmental variations in analysis of impact of programs. This study used cross sectional research design. The target population was 551 women from all women groups that received the WEF between the years 2011 to 2014.Simple random sampling was used to select 155 respondents which is 30% of the target population. The Chief Township location and the Constituency Women Enterprise Fund Officer were purposively selected as key informants. The study used triangulation of mixed methods that included questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 was used to run descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages so as to present the quantitative data in form of tables, pie charts and bar graphs based on the major research questions. Qualitative data was summarized, grouped and ranked accordingly noting the similarities and differences in the responses from the interviews and presented in narration.
Results: Findings of this study showed that an improvement in the food security of women was determined by the social variations and environmental diversity of the individual women. Women in formal employment at 67 per cent reported that they could consume three meals in a day same to those with established businesses at 38 per cent. Delay in release of loans affected women doing farming who depend on seasons similar to those who targeted certain peak periods to sell their products. Women who did group projects at 38.1 per cent reported to have increased food access due to higher returns from their businesses. Findings also indicate a big disparity in the varieties of food eaten to constitute a nutritious diet with more consumption of cereals and food from animal sources.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study was guided by the Capability theory by Amartya Sen which emphasizes the importance of considering social and environmental variations in analysis of impact of programs. The study recommends that emphasis should be laid on group projects to maximize profits and increase incomes. The WEF secretariat should ensure timely disbursement of funds and the GOK in its Food Security and Nutrition policy should increase farm inputs of women engaged in farming to ensure WEF improves their food security.
Fibro - odontoma ameloblástico: reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Martínez Graciela Susana , Budkin Analia , Anaya Flores Ursula 
Published: January 2022

El fibro - odontoma ameloblástico es un tumor odontogénico benigno que se presenta con poca frecuencia y afecta principalmente a niños y adultos jóvenes entre la primera y segunda década de vida.
Se presenta una situación clínica de un paciente de sexo masculino de 12 años de edad atendido en el Hospital de Odontología Infantil “Don Benito Quinquela Martín”, al cual se le diagnostica un tumor odontogénico benigno asociado a un canino permanente inferior derecho retenido. Se realiza un plan de tratamiento integral, individualizado y con fuerte componente preventivo, trabajando siempre en constante interrelación con los servicios de Odontología Preventiva, Cirugía Dentomaxilar, Radiología y Ortodoncia del hospital. En una primera etapa se tratan las infecciones prevalentes y se realiza el refuerzo del huésped. Posteriormente se realiza la intervención quirúrgica para extirpar la lesión y las estructuras dentarias asociadas a esta. La evolución del paciente es favorable permitiendo continuar su tratamiento en el servicio de Ortodoncia. Objetivo: describir la situación clínica de un paciente masculino de 12 años de edad, con diagnóstico de fibro - odontoma ameloblástico con un enfoque interdisciplinario y dentro de un plan de tratamiento integral. Conclusión: es de fundamental importancia un diagnóstico clínico y radiográfico precoz en odontopediatría ya que permite el hallazgo de posibles lesiones, evitando de esta manera complicaciones a distancia.
The military-political situation in Central Asia in the context of the growing instability in Afghanistan
Authors: Kokoshina Z. A. 
Published: January 2022

The Central Asian region due to its economic potential and strategic signiﬁ -cance has traditionally been of particular importance for Russia’s foreign policy. It was therefore not surprising that a serious deterioration of the political situation in Afghanistan in summer-autumn 2021 caused by the military defeat and the subsequent collapse of the pro-Western regime followed by the seizure of power by the Taliban raised serious concern of the Russian leadership. The developments in Afghanistan have attracted an increasing attention of the expert community, prompting a ﬂ urry of comments and forecasts. Although many of these papers were published hastily, their assessments and conclusion were usually based on the long-term observations. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the military-political situation in the Central Asian region as it was caught by a new crisis in Afghanistan and as it is seen by both Russian and foreign experts. The ﬁ rst section outlines positions and interests of the key regional and non-regional actors that have a signiﬁ cant impact on the military-political situation in Central Asia. The second section examines the response of the Russian Federation to the situation in Afghanistan after the Taliban took power. Finally, the third section provides an overview of the latest expert comments and reports that attempt to assess possible implications of those events for the regional military-political dynamics and the national security interests of the Russian Federation.
Diagnostic performance of superb microvascular imaging combined with shear-wave elastography in distinguishing invasive ductal carcinoma molecular subtypes
Authors: Chen Fengjiao , Jing Hui , Shang Haitao , Tan Haoyan , Yang Haobo , Kong Mengqiong , Cheng Wen 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionTo explore the diagnostic value of combining superb microvascular imaging (SMI), shear-wave elastography (SWE), and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) to distinguish different molecular subtypes of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).Material and methodsA total of 239 surgically confirmed IDC masses in 201 patients underwent conventional ultrasound, SMI, and SWE examination, the information such as echo pattern, posterior features, margins, SMI pixels, and hardness of the masses was recorded. According to the St. Gallen standard, breast masses were classified as Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 overexpression, and triple-negative subtype. We further explored the differences between different molecular subtypes of IDC.ResultsLuminal A subtype had the following characteristics: low histologic grade, posterior acoustic shadowing (p= 0.019), spiculated margins (p<0.001) , and relatively soft. Luminal B subtype was characterized by low histological grade (p <0.0001), posterior acoustic shadowing or indifference, and indistinct margins. HER2 overexpression breast cancers were characterized by high histological grade, enhanced posterior acoustics or indifference, calcifications (p= 0.005), spiculated or indistinct margins, vascularity (p=0.005), and relative stiffness. Triple-negative breast cancers had the characteristics of high histological grade, posterior echogenic enhancement, lack of calcifications, circumscribed or microlobulated margins, low blood flow signals, and stiff tissue (p=0.013).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated the significant differences and trends among the IDC four subtypes by the combined application of SMI, SWE, and BI-RADS lexicon, which are of great significance for early diagnosis, selection of treatment methods, and evaluation of prognosis of IDC.
ĐÁNH GIÁ THỰC TRẠNG KIẾN THỨC, THÁI ĐỘ VÀ HÀNH VI VỀ PHÒNG CHỐNG HIV/AIDS CỦA NGƯỜI DÂN 15-49 TUỔI TẠI TỈNH HẢI DƯƠNG NĂM 2020
Authors: Thu Hà Nguyễn , Văn Thêm Lê , Thị Nhuyên Phạm , Như Nguyên Trần , Thị Nguyệt Thanh Phí , Ngọc Sỹ Đinh , Đức Sơn Nguyễn , Thu Hà Nguyễn 
Published: January 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá thực trạng kiến thức, thái độ và hành vi của người dân trong độ tuổi 15-49 về phòng chống HIV/AIDS tại tỉnh Hải Dương năm 2020. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 408 người dân trong độ tuổi từ 15- 49 hiện có hộ khẩu thường trú và đang sinh sống trên địa bàn tỉnh Hải Dương năm 2020. Kết quả và kết luận: Đánh giá thực trạng kiến thức về HIV/AIDS: Hầu hết (85,2%) cho rằng đó là virus gây suy giảm miễn dịch ở người; Là bệnh truyền nhiễm (9,5%) và là tệ nạn xã hội (4,1%). Đánh giá thực trạng thái độ và hành vi về HIV/AIDS: Có nhiều thái độ tích cực, gồm: Đa số (50,5%): sẵn sàng chăm sóc người bệnh tại nhà và đồng ý rằng người nhiễm HIV không phải thấy xấu hổ về bản thân mình; Nên cho người nhiễm HIV còn khỏe tiếp tục làm việc tại cộng đồng (35,2%); Hầu hết (76%) cho rằng có thể mua thức ăn của người bán hàng bị nhiễm HIV và đa số (58,5%) cho rằng không nên giữ bí mật nếu có người trong gia đình bị nhiễm HIV.Một số hành vi nguy cơ có thể lây nhiễm HIV/AIDS qua quan hệ tình dục (QHTD) và kiểu QHTD không an toàn ở cộng đồng, gồm: Quan hệ với bạn tình ngoài vợ/ chồng/ người yêu (15%); Với gái mại dâm, khách làng chơi (11,8%); Quan hệ tinh dục qua miệng – bộ phận sinh dục (2,5%),…