bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Naturalistic visualization of reaching movements using head-mounted displays improves movement quality and proves high usability compared to conventional computer screens
Authors: Wenk Nicolas , Buetler Karin A. , Penalver-Andres Joaquin , Müri René M. , Marchal-Crespo Laura 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The relearning of movements after brain injury can be optimized by providing intensive, meaningful, and motivating training using virtual reality (VR). However, most current solutions use two-dimensional (2D) screens, where patients interact via symbolic representations of their limbs (e.g., a cursor). These 2D screens lack depth cues, potentially deteriorating movement quality and increasing cognitive load. Head-mounted displays (HMDs) have great potential to provide naturalistic movement visualization by incorporating improved depth cues, reduce visuospatial transformations by rendering movements in the space where they are performed, and preserve eye-hand coordination by showing an avatar – with immersive VR (IVR) – or the user’s real body – with augmented reality (AR). However, elderly populations might not find these novel technologies usable, hampering potential motor and cognitive benefits. Methods: We compared movement quality, cognitive load, motivation and system usability in twenty elderly participants (>59 y.o.) while performing a dual motor-cognitive task with different visualization technologies: IVR HMD, AR HMD, and a 2D screen. We evaluated participants’ self-reported cognitive load, motivation, and usability using questionnaires. We also conducted a pilot study with five brain-injured patients comparing the visualization technologies while using an assistive device. Results: Elderly participants performed straighter, shorter duration, and smoother movements when the task was visualized with the HMDs than screen. The IVR HMD led to shorter duration movements than AR, and both HMDs were associated with shorter movement duration than the screen. Movement onsets were shorter with IVR than AR, and shorter for both HMDs than the screen, potentially indicating facilitated reaction times due to reduced cognitive load. No differences were found in the questionnaires regarding cognitive load, motivation, or usability between technologies in elderly participants. Both HMDs proved high usability in our small sample of patients. Conclusions: HMDs are a promising technology to be incorporated into neurorehabilitation, as their more naturalistic movement visualization improves movement quality compared to conventional screens. HMDs demonstrate high usability, without decreasing participants’ motivation, and might potentially lower cognitive load. Our preliminary clinical results suggest that brain-injured patients may especially benefit from more immersive technologies. However, larger patient samples are needed to draw stronger conclusions.
Loss of bisecting GlcNAcylation on MCAM of bone marrow stoma determined pro-tumoral niche in MDS/AML
Authors: Guan Feng , Feng Jingjing , Wang Yi , Li Bingxin , Yu Xinwen , Lei Lei , Wu JinPeng , Zhang Xin , Chen Qiushi , Zhou Yue , Gou Junjie , Li Hongjiao , Tan Zengqi , Dai Zhijun , Li Xiang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) stroma plays key roles in supporting hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) growth. Glycosylation contributes to the interactions between HSC and surrounding microenvironment. We observed that bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) structures, in BM stromal cells were significantly lower for MDS/AML patients than for healthy subjects. Malignant clonal cells delivered exosomal miR-188-5p to recipient stromal cells, where it suppressed bisecting GlcNAc by targeting MGAT3 gene. Proteomic analysis revealed reduced GlcNAc structures and enhanced expression of MCAM, a marker of BM niche. We characterized MCAM as a bisecting GlcNAc-bearing target protein, and identified Asn 56 as bisecting GlcNAc modification site on MCAM. MCAM on stromal cell surface with reduced bisecting GlcNAc bound strongly to CD13 on myeloid cells, activated responding ERK signaling, and thereby promoted myeloid cell growth. Our findings, taken together, suggest a novel mechanism whereby MDS/AML clonal cells generate a self-permissive niche by modifying glycosylation level of stromal cells.
Efficient removal of antibodies to adeno-associated viruses by immunoadsorption
Authors: Boedecker-Lips Simone , Judel Andreas , Holtz Stefan , Klimpke Pascal , Kraus Daniel , Schreiner Thomas , Gerstmayer Bernhard , Eulitz Klaus , Mayer Magnus , Weinmann-Menke Julia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Gene therapies based on adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are a therapeutic option to successfully treat monogenetic diseases. However, the influence of pre-existing immunity to AAV can compromise the application of AAV gene therapy, most notably by the presence of neutralizing antibodies to AAV. In the following study we investigated to what extent the treatment by immunoadsorption (IA) would reduce the levels of human anti-AAV antibodies to AAV2 and AAV5. To that end, we analyzed blood sera from patients receiving IA treatment because of underlying autoimmune disease or transplant rejection. Our results show that IA efficiently reduces pre-existing anti-AAV antibodies with continuous lowering of neutralizing antibodies to below the threshold titer of 1:5 in 45% (anti-AAV2) and 80% (anti-AAV5) of the patients, respectively, after three to five single IA treatments. In summary, IA may represent a safe strategy to precondition patients with pre-existing AAV antibodies to make this population eligible for an effective AAV-based gene therapy.
Progressive loading pattern during the execution of a simulated transosseous - equivalent rotator cuff repair assembling with two different medial row anchor mechanisms
Authors: Dias Carlos Maia , Gonçalves Sérgio B. , Angelo Ana Catarina , Azevedo Clara de Campos , Mineiro Jorge , Ferreira Frederico , Folgado Joao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The biomechanical stability of transosseous-equivalent rotator cuff repairs is critical for proper tendon healing. Although several studies demonstrated the effect of different types of transosseous-equivalent configurations on tendon-bone interface contact force, pressure, and area at time 0, none explored the pattern of progressive compressive force during the surgical procedure nor its implications for lateral-row anchor stress and location site.This study aimed to evaluate and compare the compressive force pattern at the tendon-bone interface during the execution of two simulated transosseous-equivalent repairs.Methods: Contact force at the tendon-bone interface was evaluated using a force sensor applied in a humeral head and rotator cuff synthetic representative model. Force was registered upon execution of the most critical surgical gestures, namely lateral anchor placement and suture limb tensioning. Repairs with medial-row sliding mechanisms were compared with non-sliding ones.Findings: The progressive contact force pattern at the tendon-bone interface for the two approaches differed. In non-sliding configurations, there was an increase of approximately 83% of the final force after suture tensioning of the first lateral anchor, while in the sliding technique, the second lateral anchor placement and suture tensioning had a greater contribution to the final contact force (68%).Interpretation: These findings can help surgeons choose the optimal site for anchor placement and reduce the risk of anchor dislodgement by taking into consideration the patient’s bone quality and the force apllied at the TBI that is sustained by each lateral anchor during the execution of these surgical techniques.
G-quadruplex-enhanced circular single-stranded DNA (G4-CSSD) adsorption of miRNA to inhibit colon cancer progression
Authors: Wu Haidong , Zhong Weilong , Zhang Ronghua , Ding Yuping , Sun Bo , Qu Chunhua , Lai Keguan , Pang Zheng , Yin Shan , Sun Tao , Zhang Guangling , Chen Shuang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Effects of cadmium on LC 50 , histological characteristics and liver DNA damage of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Zhou Xinhong , Wu Qiuhong , Li Jin , Bao Songsong , Wang Yachao , Jiang Li 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of cadmium (Cd) on Semi-lethal concentration (LC50), histological characteristics and liver DNA damage of juvenile largemouth bass. Healthy juvenile largemouth bass was randomly divided into 6 treatment groups (0 mg/L, 85 mg/L, 90 mg/L, 95 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 105 mg/L,) with 3 replicates per treatment (9 fish/replicate), and was subjected to 96h toxicity test. The experimental results show that: The LC50 for 48h, 72h and 96h were 88.90mg/L, 86.74mg/L and 86.65mg/L, respectively, and the safe concentration (SC) was 8.67mg/L. The liver and spleen of largemouth bass were collected to make pathological sections, and the results showed that Cd had an obvious toxic injury to the liver and spleen, manifested by vacuolar degeneration of liver cells, and disorganized arrangement of spleen corpuscles and increased macrophages. The results of single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) showed that when the exposure concentration reached 90 mg/L, the tail distance, tail DNA content, tail length and Olive tail distance of liver DNA of juvenile largemouth bass were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05); with the increase of Cd concentration, the tail length, tail moment, tail DNA and olive tail moment of DNA also increased.
Inorganic sorbents on the base of magnesium silicates obtained by two synthetic routes
Authors: Kravchenko Mycola V. , Khodakovska Tatiana A. , Kovtun Maria F. , Romanova Irina V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the present study three novel inorganic ion exchange materials on the base of magnesium silicates were synthesized by precipitation and hydrothermal sol gel methods with two reagents ratio. Physico-chemical properties of samples were characterized by thermogravemetric and differential thermal analyses, low temperature adsorption/desorption method and transmission electron microscopic studies. It was found that all sorbents were obtained in a form of amorphous layer-structure magnesium silicates with micro- and mesoporous structure. The ion exchange properties of these materials for Cs+, Sr2+ Cu2+, Co2+and Cd2+ removing from water solution investigated. Data obtained showed that magnesium silicates had the higher capacity toward the heavy metal cations compared to the radionuclides regardless the method used for synthesis. The sample synthesized with excess of metasilicate exhibited the higher efficiency of heavy metal cations sorption than the sample obtained using equimolar ratio of components. Amongst Langmuir and Freundlich models, Langmuir model fitted well for experimental data received on these adsorbents.
Orbital hybridization and electrostatic interaction in a double molecule transistor
Authors: Guo Xiao , Yang Qing , Yu Wei , Zhu Qiuhao , Cai Yuwen , Lu Wengang , Meng Sheng , Liang Wenjie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Understanding the intermolecular interactions and utilize these interactions to effectively control the transport behavior of single molecule is the key step from single molecule device to molecular circuits1-6. Although many single molecule detection techniques are used to detect the molecular interaction at single-molecule level1,4,5,7,8, probing and tuning the intermolecular interaction all by electrical approaches has not been demonstrated. In this work, we successful assemble a double molecule transistor incorporating two manganese phthalocyanine molecules, on which we probe and tune the interaction in situ by implementing electrical manipulation on molecular orbitals using gate voltage. Orbital levels of the two molecules couple to each other and couple to the universal gate differently. Electrostatic interaction is observed when single electron changing in one molecule alters the transport behavior of the other, providing the information about the dynamic process of electron sequent tunneling through a molecule. Orbital hybridization is found when two orbital levels are put into degeneracy under non-equilibrium condition, making the tunneling electrons no longer localized to a specific molecule but shared by two molecules, offering a new mechanism to control charge transfer between non-covalent molecules. Current work offer a forelook into working principles of functional electrical unit based on single molecules.
Disruption of Type I Collagen Through Genetic Rearrangements or Mutations Is Implicated in the Tumorigenesis of Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (Nora’s Lesion)
Authors: Kao Yu-Chien , Yoshida Akihiko , Hsieh Tsung-Han , Nord Karolin , Saba Karim , Ichikawa Hitoshi , Huang Hsuan-Ying , Chen Paul Chih‐Hsueh , Fletcher Christopher , Lee Jen-Chieh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP, or Nora’s lesion) is a benign bone surface lesion which most commonly occurs in the digits of young patients and has a high recurrence rate. Histologically, it is composed of a mixture of disorganized bone, cartilage, and spindle cells in variable proportions and characterized by amorphous “blue bone” mineralization. Recurrent chromosomal abnormalities including t(1;17)(q32-42;q21-23) and inv(7)(q21.1-22q31.3-32) have been reported in BPOP. However, the exact genes involved in the rearrangements remain unknown. In this study, we analyzed 7 BPOP cases affecting the fingers, toe, ulna, and radius of 4 female and 3 male patients, aged 5 to 68 years. RNA sequencing on 5 cases identified genetic fusions between COL1A2 and LINC-PINT, a long non-coding RNA, in 3 cases, and COL1A1::MIR29B2CHG fusion in 1, both validated with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and reverse transcription-PCR. The remaining fusion-negative case harbored 3 COL1A1 mutations as revealed by whole exome sequencing and confirmed with Sanger sequencing. All these genetic alterations were predicted to cause frameshift and/or truncation of COL1A1/2. The chromosomal locations of COL1A2 (7q21.3), LINC-PINT (7q32.3), COL1A1 (17q21.33), and MIR29B2CHG (1q32.2) were consistent with the breakpoints identified in the previous cytogenetic studies. Subsequent screening of 2 BPOPs by FISH identified one additional case with COL1A1 rearrangement. Our findings are consistent with reported chromosomal abnormalities, and implicate the disruption of type I collagen through COL1A1/2 rearrangements or COL1A1 mutations in the tumorigenesis of BPOP. The prevalence and tumorigenic mechanisms of these COL1A1/2 alterations in BPOP require further investigation.
Risk Factors for Non-Response to 2 Years of Denosumab Administration in Patients with Osteoporosis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yamamoto Akiko , Nagao Masashi , Nishizaki Yuji , Maeda Eri , Ishijima Muneaki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the factors associated with changes in bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures in osteoporotic patients treated with denosumab.Methods: This retrospectively registered study included 162 osteoporotic patients treated with denosumab for 24 months between 2013 and 2019. Patients were divided according to the changes in BMD as non-responders (NL group: <3% increase in lumbar spine BMD [LBMD], NH group: <0% increase in femoral neck BMD [HBMD]) or responders (RL group: ≥3% increase in LBMD, RH group: ≥0% increase in HBMD).Results: The respective changes in the LBMD and HBMD after 24 months of denosumab treatment were 9.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.1–10.6) and 3.3% (95% CI: 2.1–4.5). Twenty-eight (15.3%) patients were in the NL group, and 134 (82.7%) were in the RL group. A history of bisphosphonate treatment was a risk factor for being in the NL group (odds ratio [OR]: 3.84, 95% CI: 1.38–10.71, p=0.007; adjusted OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.01–10.19, p=0.048). Although the NH and RH groups had similar baseline characteristics, the NH group had a significantly higher baseline HBMD than the RH group (p=0.003). The change in HBMD was negatively associated with the HBMD at baseline (r=-0.34, p<0.001). No new osteoporotic fractures occurred in either group during follow-up.Conclusion: In osteoporotic patients receiving denosumab treatment, a history of bisphosphonate treatment was a risk factor for a lack of increase in LBMD, and a higher HBMD at baseline was negatively associated with the change in HBMD.
Characterizing human movement patterns using GPS data loggers in an area of persistent malaria in Zimbabwe along the Mozambique border
Authors: Hast Marisa , Mharakurwa Sungano , Shields Timothy M. , Lubinda Jailos , Searle Kelly M. , Gwanzura Lovemore , Munyati Shungu , Moss William J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Human mobility is a driver for the reemergence or resurgence of malaria and has been identified as a source of cross-border transmission. However, movement patterns are difficult to measure in remote rural areas where malaria risk is high. In countries with malaria elimination goals, it is essential to determine the role of mobility on malaria transmission in order to implement appropriate interventions. Methods: A study was conducted in Mutasa District, Zimbabwe, to investigate human movement patterns in an area of persistent transmission along the border with Mozambique. Over one year, a convenience sample of 20 participants per month was recruited from active malaria surveillance cohorts to carry an IgotU® GT-600 global positioning system (GPS) data logger during all daily activities. Consenting participants were tested for malaria at data logger distribution using an HRP-2 rapid diagnostic test and completed a survey questionnaire. GPS data were analyzed using a trajectory analysis tool and plotted in geographic information system maps. Participant movement patterns were characterized throughout the study area and across the border into Mozambique using movement intensity maps, activity space plots, and statistical analyses. Results: Over 12 recruitment periods from June 2016 to May 2017, 184 participants provided usable movement tracks encompassing over 350,000 data points and nearly 8,000 person-days. Participants traveled a median of 2.8 km/day and spent a median of 4.6 hours/day away from home. Movement was widespread within and outside the study area throughout the year, with participants traveling up to 500 km from their homes. Indices of mobility were higher in the dry season, including distance traveled and hours/day away from home, and male participants and adults had higher mobility compared to female participants and adolescents, respectively. Half of the participants traveled outside the study area, and 30% traveled into Mozambique, including 15 who stayed in Mozambique overnight. Conclusions: Study participants in Mutasa District, Zimbabwe, were highly mobile throughout the year. Many participants traveled long distances from home, including overnight trips into Mozambique, with clear implications for malaria control. Interventions targeted at mobile populations and cross-border transmission may be effective in preventing malaria introductions in this region.
Defunctioning stoma in anterior resection for rectal cancer does not impact anastomotic leakage: a national population-based cohort study
Authors: Munshi Eihab , Lydrup Marie-Louise , Buchwald Pamela 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Anterior resection (AR) is considered the gold standard for curative cancer treatment in the middle and upper rectum. The goal of the sphincter-preserving procedure is vulnerable to anastomotic leak (AL) complications. Defunctioning stoma (DS) became the protective measure against AL. Often a defunctioning loop-ileostomy is used, which is associated with substantial morbidity. However, not much is known if the routine use of DS reduces the overall incidence of AL.
Methods
Elective patients subjected to AR in 2007–2009 and 2016-18 were recruited from the Swedish colorectal cancer registry (SCRCR). Patient characteristics, including DS status and occurrence of AL, were analyzed. In addition, independent risk factors for AL were investigated by multivariate regression.
Results
The statistical increase of DS from 71.6% in 2007–2009 to 76.7% in 2016–2018 did not impact the incidence of AL (9.2% and 8.2%), respectively. DLI was constructed in more than 35% of high-located tumors ≥ 11cm from the anal verge. Multivariate analysis showed that male gender, ASA 3–4, BMI > 30 kg/m2, and neoadjuvant radiation were independent risk factors for AL.
Conclusion
The role of routine DS in decreasing overall AL after AR procedure was not evident. A selective decision algorithm for DS construction is needed to protect from AL and mitigate DS morbidities.
Structural design of patient-specific vascular ring stents
Authors: Andrianov I. V. , Awrejcewicz J. , Diskovsky A. A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The expediency of replacing the corrugated ring of a vascular stent with a constant corrugation pitch by a corrugated ring of variable pitch is being investigated. To describe the change in pitch of corrugation, a function to be determined is introduced. The equilibrium and deformation equations were analyzed using the asymptotic homogenization method. The dependence of the radial stiffness of a corrugated ring with a variable pitch of corrugation on the corrugation parameters is obtained. The effectiveness of the design under consideration is evaluated by the area of the lumen provided by the vascular stent. Compared to stents with regularly corrugated rings, this area is larger which improves the ring stent applicability and efficiency.
Mechanism of stellate ganglion block anesthesia inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in rats by down-regulating Bax gene
Authors: Xu Qiao , Li Lei , Yan Ke , Ye Siqi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective:To explore the feasibility of stellate ganglion block (SGB) for the treatment of brain injury and the inhibitory effect of neuronal apoptosis. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group (LPS 0.6 mg/kg), and SGB group (LPS 0.6 mg/kg + lidocaine 0.2 mL). The rats were sacrificed after SGB block for 2h to separate the hippocampus. The pathological changes of hippocampal tissue were observed by HE staining, the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was observed by TUNEL staining, the positive expression of B-cell lymphoma-2-Associated X (Bax) in hippocampal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of Bax mRNA in hippocampal tissue was detected by qRT-PCR method. Results: Compared with the control group, the hippocampal tissue of the model group was severely damaged, and the apoptosis rate of hippocampal neurons, the positive rate of Bax protein, the expression of Bax mRNA, and the protein expressions of Baxwere significantly increased, the protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05).Compared with the model group, the hippocampal tissue damage of the SGB group was significantly reduced, and the hippocampal neuron apoptosis rate, Bax protein positive rate, Bax mRNA expression and Bax protein expressions were significantly decreased, and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: SGB can reduce the apoptosis of neurons in rats and improve brain injury by inhibiting the expression of Bax gene.