bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CLK1/CLK2-driven signalling at the Leishmania kinetochore is captured by spatially referenced proximity phosphoproteomics
Authors: Geoghegan Vincent , Carnielli Juliana B. T. , Jones Nathaniel G. , Saldivia Manuel , Antoniou Sergios , Hughes Charlotte , Neish Rachel , Dowle Adam , Mottram Jeremy C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKinetochores in the parasite Leishmania and related kinetoplastids appear to be unique amongst eukaryotes and contain protein kinases as core components. Using the kinetochore kinases KKT2, KKT3 and CLK2 as baits, we developed a BirA* proximity biotinylation methodology optimised for sensitivity, XL-BioID, to investigate the composition and function of the Leishmania kinetochore. We could detect many of the predicted components and also discovered two novel kinetochore proteins, KKT24 and KKT26. Using KKT3 tagged with a fast-acting promiscuous biotin ligase variant, we took proximity biotinylation snapshots of the kinetochore in synchronised parasites. To quantify proximal phosphosites at the kinetochore as the parasite progressed through the cell cycle, we further developed a spatially referenced proximity phosphoproteomics approach. This revealed a group of phosphosites at the kinetochore that were highly dynamic during kinetochore assembly. We show that the kinase inhibitor AB1 targets CLK1/CLK2 (KKT10/KKT19) in Leishmania leading to defective cytokinesis. Using AB1 to uncover CLK1/CLK2 driven signalling pathways important for kinetochore function at G2/M, we found a set of 16 inhibitor responsive kinetochore-proximal phosphosites. Our results exploit new proximity labelling approaches to provide a direct analysis of the Leishmania kinetochore, which is emerging as a promising drug target.
Diamonds, dunites, and metasomatic rocks formed by melt/rock reaction in craton roots
Authors: Pintér Zsanett , Foley Stephen F. , Yaxley Gregory M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe thick mantle lithosphere beneath cratons consists of strongly reduced rocks that have reacted with oxidized melts. These low-silica, incipient melts are rich in CO2 and H2O and react with surrounding rocks forming an enriched zone at the base of the lithosphere, which is the source region for many diamonds. Here, we reproduce these reactions in novel experiments in which oxidised, hydrous carbonate-rich melts are reacted with reduced, depleted peridotite at 5 GPa pressure. Results explain several key features of the mantle sample in kimberlites as products of a single process, namely the formation of diamonds, phlogopite and alkali-amphibole bearing rocks, iron-rich dunites, and garnets and clinopyroxenes with pyroxenitic compositions. Initially, redox freezing occurs where melts meet the reduced peridotite, depositing diamonds and associated garnet and clinopyroxenes. The spreading reaction front leaves behind Fe-rich dunite, and crystallizing phlogopite and amphibole when the melt solidifies at the reaction front.
Asian monsoon intensity coupled to Antarctic climate during Dansgaard–Oeschger 8 and Heinrich 4 glacial intervals
Authors: Liang Yi-Jia , Chen Shi-Tao , Wang Yong-Jin , Zhao Kan , Yang Shao-Hua , Wang Zhen-Jun , Huang Yu-Zheng , Cheng Hai , Edwards R. Lawrence 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe transition from glacial to interglacial periods has been hypothesized to be linked to millennial-scale changes in oceanic/atmospheric circulation, but the relationships between these phenomena remain poorly constrained. Here we present a speleothem oxygen isotope record from Yongxing Cave, China, spanning 40.9 to 33.1 ka and compare this to existing Antarctic proxy records. We find that decadal-to-centennial rapid shifts in the Asian summer monsoon, Antarctic temperature, atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide are all coupled together during Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles, which may suggest an important role of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and Southern Ocean in driving the global greenhouse gas changes. Analogous to millennial-scale variations in trend, amplitude and internal sub-centennial-scale structures during Dansgaard–Oeschger 8 and Heinrich Stadial 4, the Younger Dryas and Heinrich Stadial 1 during the last ice termination provided critical positive feedbacks to changes in terrestrial vegetation and northern ice volume, and may have contributed to glacial to interglacial transition.
Unexpected absence of ribosomal protein genes from metagenome-assembled genomes
Authors: Mise Kazumori , Iwasaki Wataru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) have revealed the hidden diversity and functions of uncultivated microbes, but their reconstruction from metagenomes remains a computationally difficult task. Repetitive or exogenous sequences, such as ribosomal RNA and horizontally transferred genes, are frequently absent from MAGs because of misassembly and binning errors. Here, we report that ribosomal protein genes are also often absent from MAGs, although they are neither repetitive nor exogenous. Comprehensive analyses of more than 190,000 MAGs revealed that these genes could be missing in more than 20–40% of near-complete (i.e., with completeness of 90% or higher) MAGs. While some uncultivated environmental microbes intrinsically lack some ribosomal protein genes, we found that this unexpected absence is largely due to special evolutionary patterns of codon usage bias in ribosomal protein genes and algorithmic characteristics of metagenomic binning, which is dependent on tetranucleotide frequencies of contigs. This problem reflects the microbial life-history strategy. Fast-growing microbes tend to have this difficulty, likely because of strong evolutionary pressures on ribosomal protein genes toward the efficient assembly of ribosomes. Our observations caution those who study genomics and phylogeny of uncultivated microbes, the diversity and evolution of microbial genes in the central dogma, and bioinformatics in metagenomics.
A closer look at supernovae as seeds for galactic magnetization
Authors: Ntormousi Evangelia , Del Sordo Fabio , Cantiello Matteo , Ferrara Andrea 
Published: November 2022

Context. Explaining the currently observed magnetic fields in galaxies requires relatively strong seeding in the early Universe. One of the current theories proposes that magnetic seeds on the order of μG were expelled by supernova (SN) explosions after primordial fields of nG strength or weaker were amplified in stellar interiors.
Aims. In this work, we take a closer look at this theory and calculate the maximum magnetic energy that can be injected in the interstellar medium by a stellar cluster of mass Mcl based on what is currently known about stellar magnetism.
Methods. We consider early-type stars and adopt either a Salpeter or a top-heavy initial mass function. For their magnetic fields, we adopt either a Gaussian or a bimodal distribution. The Gaussian model assumes that all massive stars are magnetized with 103 <  ⟨B*⟩< 104 G, while the bimodal, consistent with observations of Milky Way stars, assumes only 5 − 10% of OB stars have 103 <  ⟨B*⟩< 104 G, while the rest have 10 <  ⟨B*⟩< 102 G. We ignore the effect of magnetic diffusion and assume no losses of magnetic energy.
Results. We find that the maximum magnetic energy that can be injected by a stellar population is between 10−10 and 10−7 times the total SN energy. The highest end of these estimates is about five orders of magnitude lower than what is usually employed in cosmological simulations, where about 10−2 of the SN energy is injected as magnetic.
Conclusions. Pure advection of the stellar magnetic field by SN explosions is a good candidate for seeding a dynamo, but not enough to magnetize galaxies. Assuming SNe as the main mechanism for galactic magnetization, the magnetic field cannot exceed an intensity of 10−7 G in the best-case scenario for a population of 105 solar masses in a superbubble of 300 pc radius, while more typical values are between 10−10 and 10−9 G. Therefore, other scenarios for galactic magnetization at high redshift need to be explored.
Path-factor critical covered graphs and path-factor uniform graphs
Authors: Wu Jie 
Published: November 2022

A path-factor in a graphGis a spanning subgraphFofGsuch that every component ofFis a path. Letdandnbe two nonnegative integers withd ≥ 2. AP≥d-factor ofGis its spanning subgraph each of whose components is a path with at leastdvertices. A graphGis called aP≥d-factor covered graph if for anye ∈ E(G),Gadmits aP≥d-factor containinge. A graphGis called a (P≥d, n)-factor critical covered graph if for anyN ⊆ V(G) with |N| =n, the graphG − Nis aP≥d-factor covered graph. A graphGis called aP≥d-factor uniform graph if for anye ∈ E(G), the graphG − eis aP≥d-factor covered graph. In this paper, we verify the following two results: (i) An (n + 1)-connected graphGof order at leastn + 3 is a (P≥3, n)-factor critical covered graph ifGsatisfiesδ(G) > (α(G)+2n+3)/2; (ii) Every regular graphGwith degreer ≥ 2 is aP≥3-factor uniform graph.
Inventory management through one step ahead optimal control based on linear programming
Authors: Roth Luiz Carlos , Bhaya Amit , Kaszkurewicz Eugenius 
Published: November 2022

A one step ahead optimal strategy is proposed for the inventory control and management problem, and rewritten as a linear programming problem, permitting practical implementation. Important novel aspects of the proposed solution are that it uses economic value added (EVA), a comprehensive performance index commonly used in business management, instead of regulation to a set point or to a interval of stock values; it does not require knowledge or prediction of the demand distribution; it achieves good efficiency with respect to a globally optimal value, defined in this paper, and no significant bullwhip effect, while being robust to demand and lead time variations. The proposed one step ahead optimal controller is compared with the classical (s, S) controller, as well as with a representative of the inventory and order-based production controller family. In order to make a fair comparison, this paper also proposes a tuning method for the latter two controllers. Numerical experiments based on average performance of the three controllers for a set of normally distributed demands show the superiority of the proposed one step ahead optimal controller, in terms of EVA as well as in terms of other measures proposed in the paper.
In-vitro-Aktivität von Johanniskraut und seinen
Inhaltsstoffen gegen das neuartige Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Jenett-Siems Kristina 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Zuge der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie sind Forscher weltweit bemüht, effektive
und kostengünstige Therapiemöglichkeiten zu entwickeln. Von
einer deutschen Forschergruppe wurde in diesem Zusammenhang ein Extrakt aus
Johanniskraut (Hypericum perforatum) sowie verschiedene darin enthaltenen
Reinsubstanzen auf eine mögliche Aktivität gegen das neuartige
Coronavirus hin untersucht. Zunächst wurde die prinzipielle
Effektivität in einem vereinfachten Virusmodell gezeigt,
anschließend wurden weitere Versuche an mehreren Virusvarianten
durchgeführt. Insbesondere für das Hypericin konnten in diesen
In-vitro-Untersuchungen bemerkenswert niedrige IC50-Werte ermittelt
werden.
Laurus nobilis L., der Echte Lorbeer,
Authors: Noack Mona , Melzig Matthias F. 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Laurus nobilis L., Echter Lorbeer, ist eine immergrüne Pflanze, die
zur Familie der Lauraceaen gehört. Die Blätter und Früchte
werden seit Jahrhunderten in der Volksmedizin eingesetzt, z. B. bei
Magenbeschwerden, Entzündungen, Stoffwechselkrankheiten, Infektionen oder
als Insektizid. In den letzten Jahren werden Drogen und Inhaltsstoffe dieser
Arzneipflanze vermehrt pharmakologisch untersucht, insbesondere wegen der
Wirksamkeit bei chronisch entzündlichen und metabolischen
Störungen.
The Performance and Reception of Race-Based Athletic Activism: Toward a Critical, Dramaturgical Theory of Sport
Authors: Hartmann Douglas , Manning Alex , Green Kyle 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe emergence of an unprecedented wave of race-based athletic activism in the last decade presents the opportunity to formulate a more critical, cultural theory of the significance and socio-political function of sport in contemporary life. We begin by centering athlete agency and highlighting the distinctive performative, communicative, and symbolic opportunities that sport affords. However, athletic activism and social messaging are also structured—and their impacts shaped—by a range of contextual factors and institutional forces as well as sport’s own unique cultural status and ideological claims. We catalog these constraints to capture the larger cultural field of sport as a site of racial commentary and contestation. Situating this multifaceted field of protest and response in its larger social, cultural, and media contexts leads us to argue that sport presents a vehicle not only for the performance of protest (as existing theory might have it), but for the representation and dramatization of social contestation, struggle, and change more generally. The lessons and broader implications of this synthesis are discussed in the conclusion.
Cancer screening in prisons: lessons for health providers
Authors: Hesse Sarah , Williamson Kim , Bonney Deborah , Finley Marie , Meehan Tom 
Published: November 2022

Background Lifestyle factors place those who experience incarceration at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from a range of preventable diseases, including cancer. Methods Two nurses were employed for a period of 6 months to facilitate bowel and breast cancer screening of prisoners across four correctional centres in Queensland. We identify factors impacting on cancer screening in prisons and document the outcomes for those screened. Results Both screening programs produced a positivity rate of ~17% in those screened, with 23 individuals returning a positive faecal occult blood test and five women requiring further investigations following breast screening. At 3 months postscreening, all of the positive cases had been referred for further investigations. It is likely that the screening programs were instrumental in preventing morbidity (and mortality) in the subgroup with positive test results. Conclusions Cancer screening within the prison environment presents a number of challenges. Intervention at the individual and systems level is required to ensure prisoners can access a standard of care equal to that provided in the community.
A qualitative exploration of obtaining informed consent in medical consultations with Burma-born women
Authors: Power Anna , Tuteja Amita , Mascarenhas Lester , Temple-Smith Meredith 
Published: November 2022

Background Conciliatory attitudes, respect for medical professionals and avoidance of being direct can make health consultations with Burma-born patients difficult to navigate. Coupled with linguistic barriers, this may make the sensitive nature of many women’s health consultations challenging. Little is known about current practices for obtaining informed consent in this context. The objectives of this study were to explore current practices, barriers and strategies to obtaining informed consent in medical consultations with women born in Burma. Methods Purposive and snowball sampling was used to recruit health practitioners (n = 15, 2 male, 13 female) of different ages, years of professional experience, and country of origin, from clinics in Victoria that see a high volume of Burma-born patients. Thirty to sixty minute semi-structured interviews were conducted with four general practitioners, eight nurses and three interpreters, and de-identified audio recordings were transcribed for inductive thematic analysis. Results Five key themes were generated: (1) cultural cognisance; (2) influence of community; (3) skilful navigation of communication; (4) favourable consultation attributes; and (5) individual tailoring of consent conversations. Differing cultural expectations, and linguistic and educational barriers, were highlighted as challenges to obtaining informed consent, whereas thoughtful utilisation of non-verbal communication, and intentional customisation of consent conversations were identified as facilitators. Conclusion The findings of this study provide practical ways to optimise the informed consent process within the Australian primary healthcare context, and reinforce that accepted Western-based practices for obtaining informed consent are not a ‘one-size-fits-all’ process.
Motivation and investment
Authors: Machin Elizabeth , Ament Jennifer , Pérez-Vidal Carmen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to offer insights into how Spanish undergraduates, who were mid-way through an English-medium programme at a university in Catalonia, articulate their past decision to study an academic subject in English. Economics students (34 in total) completed an oral elicitation task and the monologues yielded were analysed using thematic analysis. Three dominant themes emerged: (1) The right fit for me; (2) To practise my English; and (3) English comes with benefits. Each of these themes is presented as a composite description of the students’ ideas about their past choice from the temporal position of the here-and-now, and explored through distinct but complementary social psychological and sociological lenses. The present study finds threads running through the students’ narratives of a near effortlessness to choose to learn in this way, as well as an understanding of the capital value of English. For some, their sole stated motive was to develop and preserve this linguistic asset.
VO or OV
Authors: Broekhuis Hans 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article sketches a new analysis of the diachronic development found in many West Germanic languages from a hybrid VO-OV order to a rigid OV or VO order. The discussion departs from the discussions in Struik & Van Kemenade (2020/2022) andStruik & Schoenmakers (to appear)on the diachronic development of English/Dutch, which focus on the role of object shift and information structure. My interpretation of their data will be based on an earlier analysis of the Germanic OV and VO languages in Broekhuis (2008: § 2.4;2011). The main conclusions are the following. First, the change from the historical hybrid VO-OV systems to the rigid OV and VO systems of the present-day languages is due to changing the “setting” [±V‑to‑v] to the more categorical ones [−V-to-v] or [+V-to-v]. Second, the role of object shift in the diachronic development is modest; it is not involved in the development of the OV-languages at all and involves only the (partial) loss of object shift in the VO-languages (contra Struik et al.). Third, the encoding of the information-structuralnew-givendistinction remains constant in that the interpretation of (un)scrambled nominal objects does not change over time (contra Struik & Schoenmakers).
Análisis semántico y pragmático del dequeísmo en El Habla de Monterrey-PRESEEA
Authors: Uribe Martínez Liz Maleni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractaEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo general definir y caracterizar las diversas funciones del dequeísmo en el habla de Monterrey. Para ello se analizan a profundidad los usos del dequeísmo en el corpus El Habla de Monterrey-PRESEEA, compuesto por 108 conversaciones semi-dirigidas de hombres y mujeres mayores de 20 años y de distintos niveles de instrucción. Los resultados del estudio han permitido distinguir que el dequeísmo se emplea en su mayoría por jóvenes, con dos valores semánticos: creador de espacio mental y ejemplificador. Además, la función de creador de espacio mental puede operar como un citativo. Finalmente, los resultados revelan la presencia de un valor pragmático atenuador, aunque con una frecuencia baja.
Readers during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Kukkonen Karin , Østby Ylva 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study investigates reading literature during the Covid-19 pandemic in Norway. In three surveys conducted
across 2020 (combined N = 489), readers were asked about their reading habits, motivations for reading and
emotional states after reading. Our results showed that Norwegian readers read more during the pandemic. However, only a minority
reported changing their reasons for reading and their reading habits because of the pandemic. For these readers, a feeling of
safety and distraction from the ongoing pandemic seemed to be of higher importance. Readers overall experienced that reading
allows them to achieve the emotional state they desire, indicating the role reading plays in emotion regulation during the
pandemic. We compare these results across gender and age differences. We conclude that reading appears to work as a cultural
strategy that helps coping with the pandemic situation.
Self-care strategies of professional community interpreters
Authors: Korpal Paweł , Mellinger Christopher D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Previous studies on affective dimensions of interpreting suggest that the emotionally-charged conversations or complex topics encountered by interpreters in community settings may be stressful and emotionally taxing, leaving interpreters prone to vicarious trauma and retraumatization. The assumed psychological risk associated with these conditions may point to the importance of self-care in community interpreting practice and its role in building interpreters’ resilience. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 20 professional community interpreters, this article aims to identify self-care strategies adopted in community interpreting. By using Posluns & Gall’s (2020) framework, we focus on six main self-care domains, i.e., awareness, balance, flexibility, physical health, social support, and spirituality. The study documents how community interpreters utilize self-care practice to mitigate stress inherent in the profession.
Influence of shoe torsional stiffness on foot and ankle biomechanics during tennis forehand strokes
Authors: Martin Caroline , Touzard Pierre , Horvais Nicolas , Puchaud Pierre , Kulpa Richard , Bideau Benoit , Sorel Anthony 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTTennis shoe characteristics need to minimise the risk of athletes suffering ankle injuries and improve players’ feet performance. This study aims to evaluate the influence of shoe torsional stiffness on running velocity, stance duration, ground reaction forces and ankle biomechanics during two different tennis forehand runs and strokes. Ten right‐handed advanced male tennis players performed two specific tennis forehand runs and strokes at maximal effort (a shuttle run with a defensive open stance forehand – SRDF and a lateral jab run with an offensive open stance forehand ‐ JROF) with four different pairs of tennis shoes with different torsional stiffness. A force platform measured ground reaction forces (GRF). A motion capture system recorded the 3D trajectories of markers located on players’ anatomical landmarks. The minimum, maximum angle value, and range of motion were computed using inverse kinematics for each rotation axis of the right ankle. Normalised maximal ankle torques were also computed using inverse dynamics. Shoe torsional stiffness had no effect on running velocity, on stance duration and maximal values of GRF. Shoe torsional stiffness influenced forefoot inversion which was significantly higher for the most flexible shoes. For SRDF, the maximal ankle inversion angle was significantly and largely increased for the stiffest shoe. The stiffest shoe may put the ankle at a higher risk of lateral sprains during SRDF while it was not the case during JROF.Highlights
Shoe torsional stiffness has no effect on performance parameters (running velocity of the centre of mass, ground reaction forces, and stance duration) during tennis forehand strokes.
Decreased shoe torsional stiffness increased the maximal forefoot inversion angle and the range of motion of forefoot inversion–eversion during tennis forehand strokes and movements.
Increased footwear torsional stiffness causes higher maximal ankle inversion angle which may increase the risk for ankle sprains in SRDF.