bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptability of a brief fatigue intervention for inflammatory arthritis: a qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Berry Alice , Bridgewater Susan , Abbott Bryan , Adams Jo , Dures Emma 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
We developed a brief cognitive behavioural, one-to-one intervention to reduce fatigue impact for patients with inflammatory arthritis. This qualitative process evaluation explored intervention acceptability and potential refinements from the perspective of patients who attended sessions and rheumatology health professionals (RHPs) who delivered the intervention.

Methods
Interviews were conducted with patients and RHPs from five National Health Service (NHS) sites. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Twenty-two patients and 11 RHPs participated.

Patient themes
Collaborative, non-judgemental consultations: patients valued having space to reflect, where their fatigue was validated. Relevant content, but not ground-breaking: patients appreciated the opportunity to tailor content to individual priorities. Daily diaries were useful to visualize fatigue. Self-awareness: patients reported increased acceptance, sense of control, and confidence to manage fatigue. Degrees of openness to change: sessions prompted patients to engage in behaviour change. For some, complicated lives made it difficult to plan for change.

RHP themes
Engagement with intervention: RHPs liked training face to face, and sessions were more enjoyable with experience of delivery. Research vs clinical practice: RHPs expressed concern about fitting sessions into NHS clinic appointments. It was difficult to offer follow-up sessions within 2 weeks. Collaborating with patients: RHPs reported that patients engaged with the tools and strategies. Some RHPs followed the manual in a linear way, whereas others used it flexibly.

Conclusion
There is potential for this brief fatigue intervention to benefit patients. Future research will focus on flexibility to fit with local services and creating educational resources to use in a range of contexts.
Overexpression of the FERONIA receptor kinase MdMRLK2 confers apple drought tolerance by regulating energy metabolism and free amino acids production
Authors: Jing Yuanyuan , Liu Changhai , Liu Bingbing , Pei Tingting , Zhan Minghui , Li Chunrong , Wang Duanni , Li Pengmin , Ma Fengwang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDrought is a major abiotic stress limiting the growth and production of apple trees worldwide. The receptor-like kinase FERONIA is involved in plant growth, development and stress responses; however, the function of FERONIA in apple under drought stress remains unclear. Here, the FERONIA receptor kinase gene MdMRLK2 from apple (Malus domestica) was shown to encode a plasma membrane-localized transmembrane protein and was significantly induced by abscisic acid and drought treatments. 35S::MdMRLK2 apple plants showed less photosystem damage and higher photosynthetic rates compared with wild-type (WT) plants, after withholding water for 7 days. 35S::MdMRLK2 apple plants also had enhanced energy levels, activated caspase activity and more free amino acids, than the WT, under drought conditions. By performing yeast two-hybrid screening, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and MdCYS4, a member of cystatin, were identified as MdMRLK2 interaction partners. Moreover, under drought conditions, the 35S::MdMRLK2 apple plants were characterized by higher abscisic acid (ABA) content. Overall, these findings demonstrated that MdMRLK2 regulates apple drought tolerance, probably via regulating levels of energetic matters, free amino acids and ABA.
Guided Growth for Varus Deformity Following Early Tibial Osteotomy in Infantile Tibia Vara—A Multi-Center Study
Authors: Walker Janet L. , Scott Allison C. , Stephenson Lindsay P. , Westberry David E. , Lerman Joel A. , Ackman Jeffery D. , Nossov Sarah B. , Franklin Corinna C. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Despite early osteotomy, many patients with infantile tibia vara (ITV) have persistent or recurrent varus deformity and disordered growth at the medial proximal tibial physis. Our hypothesis was that lateral tibial tension band plating (LTTBP) could guide correction.

Methods:
A retrospective review at 6 centers of 15 patients (16 extremities) was performed of LTTBP for varus deformity following early osteotomy in ITV, diagnosed≤4years of age. Correction of deformity parameters on digital standing anteroposterior lower extremity radiographs determined outcome.

Results:
Twenty-two LTTBP procedures were performed at mean age of 7.5 years, including 4 revisions for implant failure and 2 reimplantations for recurrence. Single event LLTBP, improved the medial proximal tibial angle with a mean change of 13.4 degrees (0.39 degrees/month). Eleven limbs had preoperative mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA)>90 degrees. While n degree femoral procedures were performed, at study end, 11 femurs had mechanical lateral distal femoral angle≤90°. Pretreatment, 13 extremities had mechanical axis zone (MAZone) III varus (81%) and 3 had MAZone II varus (19%). LTTBP’s were able to initially correct 13 limbs to MAZone I or valgus but 4 limbs rebounded to MAZone II varus after implant removal. Final limb alignment, after all surgeries and rebound, included 9 in MAZone I, 5 in MAZone II varus and 2 in MAZone III varus. Average follow-up was 3.0 years at mean 10.7 years of age. Fifteen procedures resulted in improvement in MAZone and 7 had no change. On average, those that improved were younger (7.3 vs. 8.0 y), weighed less (45.5 kg with body mass index 26.5 kg/m2 vs. 67.8 kg and body mass index 35.7 kg/m2), had lower mechanical axis deviation (37.1 mm vs. 43.9 mm), lower medial physeal slope (61.7 vs. 68.7 degrees) and had a higher percentage of open triradiate phases (87 vs. 57%).

Conclusions:
LTTBP for residual varus, after initial osteotomy in ITV, resulted in 81% of limbs initially achieving MAZone I or valgus with implant failure revisions and femoral remodeling. Rebound after implant removal reduced the corrected rate to 56%. Ninety-four percent avoided osteotomy during the study period.

Level of Evidence:
IV
Sodium Ferulate Inhibits Rat Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Induced by Angiotensin II Through Enhancement of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase/Nitric Oxide/Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway
Authors: Luo Min , Lin Hui-Cai , Wen Zhao-Qin , Chen Pan-Pan , Shi Wan-Lan , Li Ying-Ying , Gao Yang , Xu Shang-Fu , Xu Rui-Xia , Gong Qi-Hai , Deng Jiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Sodium ferulate (SF) is the sodium salt of ferulic acid, which is one of the effective components of Angelica sinensis and Lignsticum chuanxiong, and plays an important role in protecting the cardiovascular system. In this study, myocardial hypertrophy was induced by angiotensin II 0.1 μmol/L in neonatal Sprague–Dawley rat ventricular myocytes. Nine groups were designed, that is, normal, normal administration, model, L-arginine (L-arg 1000 μmol/L), SF (50, 100, 200 μmol/L) group, and NG-nitro-L-arg-methyl ester 1500 μmol/L combined with SF 200 μmol/L or L-arg 1000 μmol/L group, respectively. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was confirmed by observing histological changes and measurements of cell diameter, protein content and atrial natriuretic factor, and β-myosin heavy chain levels of the cells. Notably, SF could inhibit significantly myocardial hypertrophy of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in a concentration-dependent manner without producing cytotoxicity, and the levels of nitric oxide, NO synthase (NOS), endothelial NOS, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate were increased, but the level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate was decreased in cardiomyocytes. Simultaneously, levels of protein kinase C beta, Raf-1, and extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were downregulated, whereas levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 were significantly upregulated. All the beneficial effects of SF were blunted by NG-nitro-L-arg-methyl ester. Overall, these findings reveal that SF can inhibit angiotensin II-induced myocardial hypertrophy of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, which is closely related to activation of endothelial NOS/NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and inhibition of protein kinase C and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
IV Sodium Ferric Gluconate Complex in Patients With Iron Deficiency Hospitalized due to Acute Heart Failure—Investigator Initiated, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Marcusohn Erez , Borreda Itay , Hellman Yaron , Habib Manhal , Bahouth Fadel , Epstein Danny , Zukermann Robert 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Patients with heart failure (HF) with iron deficiency (ID) have worse New York Heart Association class and are at a higher risk of recurrent hospitalizations. Intravenous (IV) iron has been shown to improve exercise ability and reduce hospitalizations. IV sodium ferric gluconate complex (SFGC) has been found to be safe and affordable but has not been studied in this population in a randomized trial. This was a prospective, single-blind, investigator-initiated, randomized controlled trial. Patients admitted for acute heart failure with ID were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive IV SFGC on top of optimal medical treatment. The primary outcome was the change in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) from baseline to 3 and 6 months. Between September 2019 and May 2021, 34 patients were randomized. 19 patients (55%) were randomized to the treatment arm receiving 125 mg of IV SFGC per day for 3–5 days. COVID-19 was a major barrier to the implementation of the study follow-up protocol, which caused the study to end early. Both groups of patients had similar clinical characteristics, comorbidities, median left ventricular ejection fraction, and rate of death and readmissions due to HF. A higher level of NT-proBNP was observed in patients treated with IV iron (7902 pg/mL vs. 3158, P = 0.04). There was no difference in 6MWT change between groups at 3 months (improvement of 21.6 vs. 24.1 meters) or 6 months (−5 meters vs. 46 meters). In conclusion, IV SFGC–treated patients had a comparable 6-minute walk at 3 and 6 months despite suffering from more severe HF with higher baseline NT-proBNP (NCT04063033).
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Drug-Eluting Stents Implantation in East Asians: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhong Peng-Yu , Shang Yao-Sheng , Bai Nan , Ma Ying , Niu Ying , Wang Zhi-Lu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is essential to prevent the risk of ischemia events, but it is difficult to avoid concurrent bleeding events. East Asians are associated with a higher tendency of bleeding than Caucasians, which may affect the DAPT duration. Therefore, this network meta-analysis to explore optimum DAPT duration for East Asians. The related randomized controlled trials that compared the different DAPT duration in East Asian patients were included by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library database. The outcomes included myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, all-cause death, stroke, and major bleeding. In addition, net adverse cardiac and cardiovascular events was defined as a composite outcome in this study. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals for end point events by the fixed effects model in the Bayesian’s network frame. We included a total of 12 randomized controlled trials with 30,640 patients. Compared with 12-month DAPT, 1- to 3-month DAPT is effective in myocardial infarction (OR 0.72, 0.46–1.08), stents thrombosis (OR 1.27, 0.59–2.84), all-cause death (OR 0.91, 0.65–1.28), and stroke (OR 0.89, 0.57–1.39). The 1- to 3-month DAPT was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding compared with 12-month DAPT (OR 0.55, 0.4–0.76), 6-month DAPT (OR 0.54, 0.31–0.94), and >12-month DAPT (OR 0.43, 0.28–0.65). In addition, more than 12 months of DAPT did not reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction (OR 0.75, 0.51–1.11) and increased the risk of major bleeding (OR 1.28, 0.88–1.87) compared with 12-month DAPT. The 1- to 3-month DAPT was more secure and effective than the other 3 DAPT strategies. Although East Asians have a higher risk of bleeding, more than 12 months of DAPT does not increase this incidence of major bleeding.
Is the 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 Receptor Constitutively Active in the Vasculature? A Study in Veins/Vein
Authors: Watts Stephanie W. , Flood Emma D. , Thompson Janice M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
The 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 (5-HT7) receptor is reported to have considerable constitutive activity when transfected into cells. Constitutive activity—receptor activity in the absence of known agonist—is important for understanding the contributions of a receptor to (patho)physiology. We test the hypothesis that the 5-HT7 receptor possesses constitutive activity in a physiological situation. Isolated veins from male and female Sprague Dawley rats were used as models for measuring isometric force; the abdominal vena cava possesses a functional 5-HT7 receptor that mediates relaxation, whereas the small mesenteric vein does not. Compounds reported to act as inverse agonists were investigated for their ability to cause contraction (moving a constitutively active relaxant receptor to an inactive state, removing relaxation). Compared with a vehicle control, clozapine, risperidone, ketanserin, and SB269970 caused no contraction in the isolated male abdominal vena cava. By contrast, methiothepin caused a concentration-dependent contraction of the male but not female abdominal vena cava, although with low potency (−log EC50 [M] = 5.50 ± 0.45) and efficacy (∼12% of contraction to endothelin-1). Methiothepin-induced contraction was not reduced by the 5-HT7 receptor antagonist (SB269970, 1 μM, not active in the vena cava). These same compounds showed little to no effect in the isolated mesenteric vein. We conclude that the 5-HT7 receptor in the isolated veins of the Sprague Dawley rat does not possess constitutive activity. We raise the question of the physiological relevance of constitutive activity of this receptor important to such diverse physiological functions as sleep, circadian rhythm, temperature, and blood pressure regulation.
Reproducible Quantification of Unbound Fractions of Four Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: Ultrafiltration Versus Microdialysis of Spiked Healthy Donor Plasma
Authors: Beijer Gustaf , Clarin Leona , Östervall Jennie , Barclay Victoria , Eliasson Erik 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a conventional method for isolating the protein-unbound plasma fractions of therapeutic drugs. However, the ideal UF conditions for specific compounds remain largely unexplored. By comparing UF-derived unbound concentrations with the corresponding results obtained using a reference method, the authors sought to identify appropriate UF conditions for cefotaxime, cloxacillin, flucloxacillin, and piperacillin.

Methods:
In vitro microdialysis (MD) with a no-net-flux approach was used as a reference method for plasma protein separation, for which UF performance was assessed. Four levels of relative centrifugal force (2500–11,290g) and 2 levels of temperature (37 vs. 22°C) during 10 minutes of UF centrifugation were evaluated. Ultrafiltrates and reference microdialysates were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to obtain unbound concentrations. After identifying the appropriate UF conditions in the spiked plasma samples, exploratory analyses of clinical samples (n = 10 per analyte) were performed.

Results:
Of the evaluated UF alternatives, the best overall agreement with the MD-derived reference concentrations was obtained with 11,290 g UF performed at 22°C. For cloxacillin specifically, 37°C UF yielded better agreement than 22°C UF at 11,290 g. Clinical sample analyses indicated minimal differences between 22°C and 37°C at 11,290 g UF for cefotaxime and piperacillin. However, consistently lower levels of unbound cloxacillin (median: −23%, IQR: −19% to −24%) and flucloxacillin (median: −27%, IQR: −21 to −34%) were observed after UF at 22°C versus 37°C.

Conclusions:
For the evaluated UF device, 10 minutes of 11,290 g UF at 22°C is appropriate for flucloxacillin, cefotaxime, and piperacillin, and can arguably be justified for cloxacillin as well for laboratory practice purposes. Maintenance of 37°C during high-centrifugal UF may lead to overestimation, particularly for unbound flucloxacillin.
Differences in Practitioner Experience, Practice Type, and Profession in Attitudes Toward Growing Contact Lens Practice
Authors: Thite Nilesh , Desiato Alfredo , Shinde Lakshmi , Wolffsohm James S , Naroo Shehzad A. , Santodomingo Rubido Jacinto , Cho Pauline , Jones Debbie , Villa-Collar Cesar , Carrillo Guillermo , Chan Osbert , Wang Haiying , Iomdina Elena , Tarutta Elena , Proskurina Olga , Fan Chi Shing , Zeri Fabrizio , Bakkar May M. , Barodawala Fakhruddin , Dabral Neeraj , Lafosse Edouard , Lee Cheni , Nichols Jason , Chan Jack , Park Kyounghee , Nair Vishakh , van der Worp Eef , Vankudre Gopi , Maseedupally Vinod , Bhattarai Yashaswee , Nagzarkar Dimple , Brauer Peter , Gil-Cazorla Raquel 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
To investigate eye care practitioners' attitudes and perceptions toward potential interventions that can enhance contact lens (CL) practice across the world, and how this is influenced by their practice setting.

Methods:
A self-administered, anonymized survey was constructed in English and then forward and backward translated into six more languages. The survey was distributed online via social media platforms and mailing lists involving reputed international professional bodies.

Results:
In total, 2,222 responses from 27 countries with sufficient responses were analyzed (53% females, median age- 37 years). Most of the respondents were optometrists (81.9%) and 47.6% were from stand-alone/independent practices. Median working experience in CL prescribing was 11.0 years (IQR: 18.0, 4–22 years). Over two-third of them declared themselves to be very hopeful (22.9%) or hopeful (45.1%) about the future of their CL practice. Among the potential interventions proposed, continuous update of knowledge and skills and competently managing CL-related complications were rated the most important (median score: 9/10 for each). Practitioners working in national/regional retail chains expressed higher proactivity in recommending CLs (9/10) than those in local chains, hospitals, and universities (for all 8/10, P<0.05). National differences were also identified in eye care practitioner attitudes and perceptions (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
The study provided important information to delineate a variety of elements characterizing CL practice across the world. These insights can serve as a basis to design strategies at national and international levels.
Tear Exchange, Intraocular Pressure, and Wear Characteristics of Quadrant-specific Versus Spherical Haptic Scleral Lenses
Authors: Nau Cherie B. , Schornack Muriel M. , McLaren Jay W. , Hochwald Alexander P. , Carrasquillo Karen G. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
To compare scleral lenses (SLs) with a quadrant-specific (study lens) or a spherical (habitual lens) landing zone in a crossover study.

Methods:
Seven participants (eight eyes) wore each of two lenses for 2 weeks before measurements. We measured visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, intraocular pressure (IOP), fluid reservoir clearance, corneal thickness, tear exchange, and lens experience. Variables were compared between lenses and before and after 2 hr of wear.

Results:
The visual acuity was not different between the study lens, 0.12 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), and habitual lens, 0.18 logMAR (median, P = 1.0). Contrast sensitivity was 1.3% under the study lens and 1.6% under the habitual lens (P = 0.94). IOP did not change after 2 hr of wear for either lens (study lens, P = 0.33 and habitual lens, P = 0.74), and corneal thickness did not change during wear of either lens (P = 0.44). The fluorescein concentration under the study lens did not change after 2 hr (99% of initial concentration; P = 0.84) but decreased to 46% of initial concentration under the habitual lens (P = 0.008). Lens comfort was slightly better with the study lens (5.0 vs. 4.0, respectively; P = 0.05).

Conclusions:
SLs with spherical or quadrant-specific landing zones provide good vision and do not affect IOP or corneal thickness. However, tear exchange is greater under spherical lenses than under quadrant-specific lenses. The quadrant-specific lens provides greater patient comfort.
Mirror peripheral neuropathy and unilateral chronic neuropathic pain: insights from asymmetric neurological patterns in leprosy
Authors: Raicher Irina , Zandonai Alexandra P. , Anghinah Isadora W. , Frassetto Mariana , Stump Patrick R. N. A. G. , Trindade Maria A. B. , Harnik Simone , Oliveira Rodrigo A. , Macarenco Ricardo S. S. , Doppler Kathrin , Üçeyler Nurcan , Mello Evandro S. , Sommer Claudia , Teixeira Manoel J. , Galhardoni Ricardo , de Andrade Daniel C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Leprosy-related multiple mononeuropathy offers a pattern of impairment where neuropathy with and without neuropathic pain (NeP) are present in the same individual, thus allowing to investigate peripheral sensory and innervation in both conditions. This cross-sectional study collected data on clinical and neurological examination, pain assessment questionnaires, quantitative sensory test, and intraepidermal nerve fiber density of patients with leprosy and divided the cohort into 2 groups: with NeP (P+) and without NeP (P−). Furthermore, we assessed mirror body areas in the same NeP individuals with bilateral neuropathy also presenting unilateral NeP. Pain-free patients having unilateral neuropathy were controls. A total of 37 P+ and 22 P− patients were evaluated. Limb areas with NeP had signs of C-fiber dysfunction and hyperesthesia on quantitative sensory testing compared with limb areas having neuropathy without NeP. Skin denervation was found in all patients with leprosy. Comparisons of limbs with and without neuropathy and with and without NeP revealed that higher heat pain thresholds (HPTs) were associated with neuropathic pain areas, whereas less altered HPT was correlated with higher fiber density. Furthermore, a relationship was found between time of leprosy treatment termination and more intense neuropathy, expressed by HPT increasing 0.03°C each month. As expected, interindividual comparisons failed to show differences in intraepidermal nerve fiber density and subepidermal plexus areas between P+ and P− patients (P = 0.2980, P = 0.9044; respectively). Higher HPT and lower mechanical detection threshold were related to NeP. This study pointed out the relevance of intraindividual comparisons including mirror areas when assessing local changes in peripheral NeP.