bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling a Three Phase Mixed Heterojunction via Phase‐Selective Anchoring of Polymer for Efficient Photocatalysis
Authors: Jadhav Amol R , Bui Viet Q. , Cho Yunhee , Liu Yang , Kumar Ashwani , Kim Hyojung , Ajmal Sara , Liu Xinghui , Saqlain Shahid , Lee Jinsun , Kim Hyunjung , Kim Young Dok , Kim Seong‐Gon , Lee Hyoyoung 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) facilitated activation of TiO2 has noteworthy potential for solar energy harvesting. However, the fast back electron transfer from TiO2 to an oxidized sensitizer is a key limiting factor causing low photocatalyst efficiency. Herein, a new catalyst design to both increase LMCT efficiency and minimize the back electron transfer is presented. A phase‐selective modification of mixed‐phase TiO2 (anatase: rutile interface) with poly‐salophen organic polymer is developed. The salophen and salen family organic monomers are selectively bound and polymerized on the anatase phase but not the rutile phase, which results in the formation of a three‐phase system. Such a three‐phase system converts an unfavorable polymer TiO2 core‐shell structure to an intimately mixed blend morphology, consisting of interfaced crystalline rutile TiO2 and an amorphous polymer‐covered anatase‐phase TiO2. The developed mixed‐blend morphology poly‐S@P25 can produce H2 of 37 410 µmol h–1 g–1 of polymer, which is ≈3.4 times higher than core‐shell poly‐S@anatase TiO2. This approach overcomes the drawback of the traditional core‐shell structured system for efficient electron harvesting from the LMCT process.
Scalable, Ultrathin, and High‐Temperature‐Resistant Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Energy‐Dense Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ma Yinxing , Wan Jiayu , Yang Yufei , Ye Yusheng , Xiao Xin , Boyle David T. , Burke Will , Huang Zhuojun , Chen Hao , Cui Yi , Yu Zhiao , Oyakhire Solomon T. , Cui Yi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) demonstrate great promise, offering high energy density, good thermal stability, and safe operation compared with traditional Li‐ion batteries. Among various solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs), solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) offer an attractive choice due to their thinness, low density, and good manufacturability. However, ultrathin SPEs that work with practical current densities or at high temperatures remain challenging, limiting applicable conditions of SPE‐based batteries. Here, the authors report a novel scalable, ultrathin, and high‐temperature‐resistant SPE for ASSBs. This design includes an electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) matrix and polyethylene oxide (PEO)/Li salt ionic conductor, which offers a stable LiF and Li3N containing SSE/Li interface. The unique interface—as well as the good mechanical strength—inhibits lithium dendrites and prevents short circuiting. As a result, symmetrical LiLi cells deliver more than 300 h cyclability at 0.5 mA cm−2. ASSBs fabricated with only 5 µm‐thickness PAN‐PEO/lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide reach 300 cycles at 0.3 C rate at 60 °C. The excellent thermal stability of PAN also results in safer SPEs at high temperatures. The design extends battery operation up to temperatures of 120 and 150 °C, where it achieves 500 cycles at C/2 rate and 100 cycles at 2C rate, respectively.
The Renaissance of Oligothiophene‐Based Donor–Acceptor Polymers in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Yin Bingyan , Chen Zhili , Pang Shuting , Yuan Xiyue , Liu Zhitian , Duan Chunhui , Huang Fei , Cao Yong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs) have increased rapidly owing to the development of non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs). However, the development of polymer donors lags behind significantly. Currently, the polymer donors are dominated by a handful of thiophene‐substituted benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b']dithiophene (BDTT) polymers, which suffer from lengthy synthesis and high production cost. Compared with BDTT‐based polymers, oligothiophene‐based donor‐acceptor polymers feature much easier synthesis, which were the prevailing polymer donors in fullerene‐based OSCs, but almost disappeared in non‐fullerene OSCs. Herein, two oligothiophene‐based donor‐acceptor polymers (PTTz‐3HD and PTTz‐4HD) are reported to re‐evaluate this kind of polymer in non‐fullerene OSCs. Benefiting from the exquisite alkyl chain design, the polymer PTTz‐3HD exhibits more planar conformation, stronger aggregation, and higher crystallinity, which in turn contributes to the formation of an optimal active layer morphology when blended with NFA. As a result, a PCE of 16.1% and 16.7% is achieved by PTTz‐3HD in binary and ternary OSCs, respectively. Of particular note, the product of short‐circuit current density and fill factor of PTTz‐3HD is fully comparable to those of BDTT‐based polymers. These results suggest the renaissance of oligothiophene‐based donor‐acceptor polymers in OSCs and demonstrate a promising avenue to access high‐efficiency OSCs from low‐cost materials.
Assessing a century of maize and soybean polyculture for silage production
Authors: Burton Amanda B. , Kemanian Armen R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMaize (Zea mays L.) silage is an important source of feed for ruminant animals. However, maize monocultures are exposed to both abiotic and biotic stresses that can reduce yield and contribute to environmental degradation. Over the past century, maize + soy [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] polycultures gained traction because polycultures diversify silage cropping systems and can increase the nutritional quality of silage compared with maize monocultures. However, it remains unclear under which conditions these polycultures provide biomass yields like those of maize monocultures. We compiled paired data from 30 papers (529 records) that reported maize and maize + soy yields for silage. Using random forest, we created two models to investigate the factors determining yield and the yield differential with respect to maize monocultures. We found that the most important variables in determining the polyculture yield were the maize proportion in the mixture and year, where year represents mostly technology trends. Precipitation and temperature remain pivotal, with yields stabilizing when yearly precipitation exceeds 100 cm and average temperature exceeds 15 °C. Maize + soy polycultures may produce similarly to maize monocultures if the maize density is at least 5.3 plants m−2. This signals that whereas biomass production in polycultures is maize‐driven, maize stands can be supplemented with soy or with other suitable companion crops without sacrificing yield, perhaps capturing additional production and ecosystem benefits. Research on polycultures for silage production should focus on economical ways of planting mixtures and on suitable maize companions for each region.
Low‐temperature total oxidation of methane by pore‐ and vacancy‐engineered NiO catalysts
Authors: Shu Yuan , Wang Mengyao , Duan Xiaolan , Liu Dandan , Yang Shize , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDesigning methane combustion catalysts operated under low temperature (<400°C) remains a huge challenge, especially for noble‐metal–free catalytic systems. With NaCl as a crystalline scaffold, NiO catalyst with abundant oxygen vacancies and an ultra‐high–specific surface area of 181 m2 g−1 is obtained. The mesoporous NiO exhibits outstanding CH4 combustion performance (T90 = 370°C at the weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) = 20,000 mL g−1 h−1). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H2‐temperature‐programmed reduction (TPR), kinetic measurements, and O18 isotope‐labeling experiments together disclose the key role of surface lattice oxygen and reaction mechanism by NiO catalysts. More importantly, the excellent stability of NiO by doping La was obtained (low‐temperature thermal stability: 385°C, 400 h, 4 vol% H2O).
A nested online scheduling and nonlinear model predictive control framework for multi‐product continuous systems
Authors: Andrés‐Martínez Oswaldo , Ricardez‐Sandoval Luis A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the pursuit of integrated scheduling and control frameworks for chemical processes, it is important to develop accurate integrated models and computational strategies such that optimal decisions can be made in a dynamic environment. In this study, a recently developed switched system formulation that integrates scheduling and control decisions is extended to closed‐loop operation embedded with nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC). The resulting framework is a nested online scheduling and control loop that allows to obtain fast and accurate solutions as no model reduction is needed and no integer variables are involved in the formulations. In the outer loop, the integrated model is solved to calculate an optimal product switching sequence such that the process economics is optimized, whereas in the inner loop, an NMPC implements the scheduling decisions. The proposed scheme was tested on two multi‐product continuous systems. Unexpected large disturbances and rush orders were handled effectively.
Biofluid‐based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease–related pathologies: An update and synthesis of the literature
Authors: Zetterberg Henrik 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe past few years have seen an explosion in sensitive and specific assays for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders, as well as some novel assays based on pathological seed‐induced protein misfolding in patient samples. Here, I review this exciting field that promises to transform dementia diagnostics and disease monitoring. I discuss data on biomarkers for amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and glial activation, mention the most promising biomarkers for α‐synuclein and TDP‐43 pathology, and highlight the need for further research into common co‐pathologies. Finally, I consider practical aspects of blood‐based biomarker‐supported AD diagnostics and emphasize the importance of biomarker interpretation in a full clinical context.
Probing the proteome to explore potential correlates of increased Alzheimer's‐related cerebrovascular disease in adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Moni Fahmida , Petersen Melissa E. , Zhang Fan , Lao Patrick J. , Zimmerman Molly E. , Gu Yian , Gutierrez José , Rizvi Batool , Laing Krystal K. , Igwe Kay C. , Sathishkumar Mithra , Keator David , Andrews Howard , Krinsky‐McHale Sharon , Head Elizabeth , Lee Joseph H. , Lai Florence , Yassa Michael A. , Rosas H. Diana , Silverman Wayne , Lott Ira T. , Schupf Nicole , O'Bryant Sid , Brickman Adam M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCerebrovascular disease is associated with symptoms and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among adults with Down syndrome (DS). The cause of increased dementia‐related cerebrovascular disease in DS is unknown. We explored whether protein markers of neuroinflammation are associated with markers of cerebrovascular disease among adults with DS. Participants from the Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome (ADDS) study with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and blood biomarker data were included. Support vector machine (SVM) analyses examined the relationship of blood‐based proteomic biomarkers with MRI‐defined cerebrovascular disease among participants characterized as having cognitive decline (n = 36, mean age ± SD = 53 ± 6.2) and as being cognitively stable (n = 78, mean age = 49 ± 6.4). Inflammatory and AD markers were associated with cerebrovascular disease, particularly among symptomatic individuals. The pattern suggested relatively greater inflammatory involvement among cognitively stable individuals and greater AD involvement among those with cognitively decline. The findings help to generate hypotheses that both inflammatory and AD markers are implicated in cerebrovascular disease among those with DS and point to potential mechanistic pathways for further examination.
Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, anticancer, and density‐functional theory studies of nano‐metal (II) oxime complexes
Authors: Al‐Sabawi Emad N. , Al‐Janabi Ahmed S. M. , Jerjis Haifa Muhammed , Khairy Mohammed , Alduaij Omar K. , Yousef Tarek A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNew nanophenolic oxime complexes of the type [M(κ2‐Saly)2] {where HSaly = salicyl‐aldoxime; M = Co(1), Ni(2), Cu(3), Pd(4), Pt(5), Zn(6), Cd(7), and Hg(8)} were prepared and characterized by different spectroscopic methods. The surface morphology and the micrographs of the investigated complexes were checked by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results indicate the successful preparation of nanocomplexes with nanoparticles size. In addition, the antibacterial activity was studied against three different pathogenic bacteria, and the Pt(II) complex displayed the highest activity compared with free salicylaldoxime ligand and other complexes. Magnetic susceptibility and ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopic measurements were used to deduce the geometry of the complexes, which was then validated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The in vitro antitumor activity was investigated by MTT assays against HepG‐2 cell lines. The Zn(II) and Pt(II) complexes displayed good activity with IC50 values at 17.31 ± 0.95 and 11.78 ± 0.54 μM, respectively. In contrast, the [Cu(Saly)2] and [Ni(Saly)2] complexes showed the lowest activity against tested cells.
The Role of the Robotics Coordinator: Improving Efficiency in a Robotic Surgery Program
Authors: Lawrence Chuck 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTAn increase in the number of surgical robots from four to nine at a large academic medical center in the northeastern United States created several challenges for personnel to keep up with the increased robotic surgical volume and remain efficient. To facilitate improvements, the robotic steering committee at the facility created a full‐time robotics coordinator position. After joining the steering committee, the new coordinator performed a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis to identify specific goals for process improvement; these included improvements to procedure scheduling, OR layouts, surgeon preference cards, point‐of‐care supply storage, team communication, and new hire orientation and competency. This article discusses the role of a robotics program coordinator and how this coordinator used strategic management tools and techniques, including lean principles, to streamline processes, maximize efficiency, and decrease operational variances across the robotic surgery program at this institution.
Pressure sensitive adhesive based on PFBA monomer for ePTFE bonding
Authors: Li Wei , Ma Xiao‐Yan , Yan Jie , Zou Wei , Zheng Wenjiang , Li Yanli , Liang Yanli 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExpanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) has superior properties such as compression creep resistance and compression resilience, but it is difficult to bond with other materials due to its low surface energy, high crystallinity and highly symmetrical structure. In this paper, a new type of pressure‐sensitive adhesive is prepared from butyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and unique pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, in which pentafluorophenyl group is introduced to provide steric hindrance to avoid clustering and increase the affinity with ePTFE simultaneously. The thermal stability of this pressure‐sensitive adhesive is approximately 250°C; the contact angle can reach 110.7°; the peel strength can reach 19 N/25 mm, comparable to literature values. The shear holding power at room temperature can be maintained over 100 h, and increases with the extension of immersion time in water, 5 times that of the literature report. This new adhesive can aptly solve the adhesion challenges with the use of ePTFE in complex environment.
Controllable fabrication of multi‐modal porous PLGA scaffolds with different sizes of SPIONs using supercritical CO2 foaming
Authors: Wang Jinjing , Zhang Yi , Sun Jianfei , Jiao Zhen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMulti‐modal porous scaffolds can promote bone regeneration. In the present study, they were successfully fabricated from poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA)/superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) by supercritical CO2 foaming, where SPIONs was employed as heterogeneous nucleation agent. The effects of SPION size on pore nucleation in PLGA/SPIONs nanocomposites were investigated. It was found that the addition of smaller SPIONs size caused the reduction of pore size. Multi‐modal porous scaffolds could be available by controlling the SPIONs content, soaking temperature, pressure, and depressurization rate. The porosity of the PLGA/SPIONs scaffolds ranged from (58.68 ± 0.62)% to (94.97 ± 0.14)% could be obtained via adjusting the supercritical CO2 foaming conditions. Moreover, it was found that the compressive modulus and porosity of the scaffolds were strongly associated with the porous structure. This study provided a new green preparation method for magnetic scaffolds to realize the controllable adjustment of the multi‐mode porous scaffolds.
Low‐temperature selective laser sintering 3D printing of PEEK‐Nylon blends: Impact of thermal post‐processing on mechanical properties and thermal stability
Authors: Chavez Luis A. , Ibave Paulina , Hassan Md Sahid , Hall‐Sanchez Samuel E. , Billah Kazi Md Masum , Leyva Alba , Marquez Cory , Espalin David , Torres Sabrina , Robison Thomas , Lin Yirong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA high‐performance polymer (HPP) (polyether ether ketone, PEEK) blended with a commercial low‐temperature polymer (polyamide 12, PA‐12) was fabricated using a low‐temperature selective laser sintering (SLS) 3D printer. Different post‐processing heat treatments were implemented after fabrication to tune the thermal and mechanical properties of printed blends. The specific mechanical modulus of the blend was increased up to 79% in comparison to printed PA‐12 samples with heat treatment. Additionally, the thermal resistance of the treated blends greatly exceeded the properties observed using PA‐12 alone. This research proposes a methodology to fabricate and engineer HPP using desktop SLS printers through a secondary lower melting temperature material and heat treatments.
Examining the impacts of pinnipeds on Atlantic salmon: The effects of river restoration on predator–prey interactions
Authors: Leach Lauri , Simpson Mitch , Stevens Justin R. , Cammen Kristina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Seal populations in the Gulf of Maine have been recovering from historical bounty‐driven declines since they received federal protection in 1972. In the past few decades, their population growth has sparked renewed concerns over conflict between pinniped and fish conservation.
In the Penobscot River in Maine, USA, where restoration efforts over the past decade have aimed at restoring diadromous fish runs, seal predation on the endangered Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) has become a growing concern.
Quantitative and qualitative data for individual salmon, as well as the presence of putative seal‐induced injury, have been collected from salmon passing upriver at dams in the Penobscot River since 2012.
An analysis of seal‐induced injury rate with demographic data, river herring returns, estuary fish biomass estimates, and timing of peak estuary fish biomass revealed that the seal‐induced injury rate declined in the Penobscot River from 2012 to 2019, coincident with increasing river herring returns and estuary fish biomass. Despite a potentially increasing seal population, these results suggest that predator swamping from increasing forage fish may provide protection to salmon against seal predation.
The presence of multiple injuries on an individual salmon was also significantly associated with the probability of a salmon having a seal‐induced injury. Lamprey wounds and lacerations on salmon were commonly associated with seal‐induced injury, suggesting a confounding effect of multiple stressors.
This assessment illustrates how multi‐species diadromous restoration activities may alter predator–prey interactions in ways that support salmon conservation efforts. As demonstrated in the Penobscot River, a focus on overall ecosystem health and restoration can benefit multiple species that use the river. Insights from this study may help inform future management decisions in other human‐impacted systems where protected predators come into conflict with endangered prey.
Is my doctor around me? Investigating the impact of doctors’ presence on patients’ review behaviors on an online health platform
Authors: Liu Xiaoxiao , Hu Mingye , Xiao Bo Sophia , Shao Jingbo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatient‐generated online reviews are well‐established as an important source of information for people to evaluate doctors' quality and improve health outcomes. However, how such reviews are generated in the first place is not well examined. This study examines a hitherto unexplored social driver of online review generation—doctors' presence on online health platforms, which results in the reviewers (i.e., patients) and the reviewees (i.e., doctors) coexisting in the same medium. Drawing on the Stimulus‐Organism‐Response theory as an overarching framework, we advance hypotheses about the impact of doctors' presence on their patients' review behaviors, including review volume, review effort, and emotional expression. To achieve causal identification, we conduct a quasi‐experiment on a large online health platform and employ propensity score matching and difference‐in‐difference estimation. Our findings show that doctors' presence increases their patients' review volume. Furthermore, doctors' presence motivates their patients to exert greater effort and express more positive emotions in the review text. The results also show that the presence of doctors with higher professional titles has a stronger effect on review volume than the presence of doctors with lower professional titles. Our findings offer important implications both for research and practice.
Heritability of abnormalities in limbic networks of autism spectrum disorder children: Evidence from an autism spectrum disorder twin study
Authors: Fu Linyan , Li Chunyan , Li Yun , Cheng Xin , Cui Xiwen , Jiang Jiying , Ding Ning , Fang Hui , Tang Tianyu , Ke Xiaoyan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough the limbic system is closely related to emotion and social behaviors, little is known about the integrity of limbic pathways and how genetics influence the anatomical abnormalities of limbic networks in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we used an ASD twin study design to evaluate the microstructural integrity and autism‐related differences in limbic pathways of young children with ASD and to estimate the heritability of limbic tracts microstructure variance. We obtained diffusion tensor imaging scans from 33 pairs of twins with ASD aged 2–9 years and 20 age‐matched typically developing children. The ACE model was used to estimate the relative effects of additive genetic factors (A), shared environmental factors (C) and specific environmental factors (E) on the variability of diffusivity measurements. We found a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) in the bilateral fornix and uncinate fasciculus (UF), as well as increased mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the bilateral fornix and right UF of ASD children. Correlation analysis showed that FA, MD, and lateralization indices of UF were correlated with autism diagnostic observation schedule scores. The ACE model revealed that genetic effects may drive some of the variability of microstructure in the bilateral fornix, cingulum, and left UF. In conclusion, in children with ASD, there are abnormalities in the white matter microstructure of the limbic system, which is related to the core symptoms; these abnormalities may be related to the relative contribution of genetic and environmental effects on specific tracts.Lay SummaryAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) children have abnormal white matter structure in limbic system related to ASD symptoms, and genetic factors play an important role in the development of limbic tracts.