bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MANUTENÇÃO DO PODER GERMINATIVO E DA VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA DE SEMENTES DE TRIGO DE CULTIVAR FRONTANA
Authors: Lazzari Laudison , Oliveira Gislayne Alves , Denardin Ana Lúcia da Rosa , Georgin Jordana , Tonetto Thaíse da Silva 
Published: June 2022

O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o poder germinativo ao longo do tempo de armazenamento, e estimar a manutenção da variabilidade genética após ciclos de regenerações e multiplicações de um acesso de trigo. Otrabalho foi realizado na Embrapa Trigo, Passo Fundo, RS. O andamento do estudo se deu a partir de sementes de trigo de cultivar Frontana, obtidas de seis regenerações e multiplicações realizadas e armazenadas ao longo dos ultimos 29 anos no BAG-Trigo. Foi realizado o teste de germinação das sementes e a análise dos marcadores moleculares. O poder germinativo das sementes tem se mantido a níveis satisfatórios por mais de 20 anos. O processo de regeneração e multiplicação veem mantendo as características genéticas do acesso.
Influence of Aquatic Plants and Flow Rate on Physico-chemical Characteristics of Sewage Effluent Treated through Constructed Wetland Technology
Authors: Suganya K. , Kumar Joneboina Easwar , Jayashree R. , Sebastian S. Paul 
Published: June 2022

Aims: To evaluate the influence of aquatic plants and flow rate on physico-chemical properties of sewage effluent with constructed wetland technology.
Study Design: Randomized block design
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 03 and June 2020 – Dec 2020
Methodology: Constructed wetland (CW) model was designed and three different aquatic plants viz., Canna indica, Arundo donax, and Xanthosoma sagittifolium were used for the study. Two different flow rates viz., 5ml/min and 10 ml/min were compared for assessing their influence in treating sewage effluent in the constructed wetlands.
Results: Among the aquatic plants, the pollutants like BOD, COD,TDS and TSS in the sewage effluent were declined and found to be 320, 1220, 666, 22 mg L-1 in Canna indica and 340, 1380, 866, 36 mg L-1 in Xanthosoma sagittifolium and 340, 1380, 866, 36 mg L-1 in Typha angustifolia utilized treatments at flow rates 5 ml/min respectively during 7th day retention time. Similar decreasing trend was observed in BOD, COD, TDS and TSS of the sewage effluent at flow rates of 10 ml/min.
Conclusion: Based on the study, it was evident that constructed wetland (CW) with Canna indica, Xanthosoma sagittifolium and Typha angustifolia found to perform better under flow rate of 5 ml/min for treating sewage effluent at the retention time of 7 days.
Isolation and Identification of Toxigenic Aspergillus species Associated with Sorghum Grains and Locally Brewed Beer (Burkutu) in Bukuru Metropolis of Jos South Local Government Area, Nigeria
Authors: Chiamaka Ekemezie, Success , Joshua Gusen, Nanret , Tochukwu Okoye, Clifford , Sani Modibbo, Musa , Patience O. Nwadiaro, 
Published: June 2022

Aim: This study is aimed at Isolating and Identifying the Toxigenic Aspergillus species Associated With Sorghum Grains and Locally Brewed Beer (Burkutu) in Bukuru Metropolis of Jos South Local Government Area, Nigeria.
Methodology: Sorghum grains and locally brewed beer (Burkutu) were collected from three different locations; Gyel, Kugiya, and Doruwa Market of Bukuru Metropolis of Jos South Local Government Area, and Screened for their fungal and total aflatoxin level. The grains were blended for 30 seconds using a high-speed blender. 1 gram of the blended sorghum and 1ml of the Burkutu sample (local beer) were cultured into freshly prepared PDA supplemented with 0.5mg/ml of gentamycin and streptomycin to suppress bacterial growth. This was then incubated at a temperature of 37°C for 72 hours after which various fungi colonies were observed and counted with a colony counter. The fungi isolated were further sub-cultured to obtain pure cultures after which they were classified using conidial morphology as obtained from microscopy. Lactophenol cotton blue mount was also carried out to identify the exact fungi with reference to a mycological atlas. The colony-forming unit for each sample was determined, and the Aflatoxin test was carried out using a Mycotoxin kit (the Rida Quick Scan method) to determine the Total aflatoxin level.
Results: The Aspergillus species found in both Sorghum grains and Burkuru (local beer) were: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus. For sorghum grains, Aspergillus niger had the highest frequency of occurrence (42.86%) while Aspergillus flavus & Aspergillus fumigatus occurred equally with (28.57%) respectively. Aspergillus flavus had the highest frequency of occurrence in Burkutu (50%), followed by Aspergillus niger (33.33%) and the least was Aspergillus fumigatus (16.67%). The highest aflatoxin level for grains was detected in Kugiya which had (3.6 parts per billion) followed by the grain sample from Gyel which had (3.0 Ppb) and the least was Doruwa (2.8 Ppb). Burkutu had the highest total level of aflatoxin (3.1Ppb) in the sample from Gyel, followed by Burkutu from Doruwa (2.6 Ppb) and the least was from Kugiya (2.4 Ppb).
Conclusion: Both the sorghum grains and Locally Brewed Beer (Burkutu) collected from the Bukuru Metropolis of Jos South Local Government Area, Nigeria were significantly contaminated by the toxigenic Aspergillus species. This indicates possible health hazards for humans and animals ingesting these substances. However, effective screening of these grains for aflatoxins is advocated to ensure the safety of both grains and their products.
Effectiveness of Oral Probiotics in Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants
Authors: Ahmed Naheem , Siddique Tayyaba , Aftab Muhammad , Ahmed Kiran Ashfaq , Mateen Amna , Bibi Rashada 
Published: June 2022

Objective: To determine the efficacy of probiotics in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants.
Materials And Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the paediatric department of CMH Muzaffarabad AJK. All preterm bottle and NG-fed neonates with an age of more than 24 hours and both genders were included. All the study subjects were divided into two groups randomly as group-A and group-B. Group-A was given probiotics (named Bifidobacterium prophylactically, hiflora, or gutcare, one sachet per day), while in Group-B probiotics were not given. All the cases were taken under observation. If they needed any critical or intensive care, they were excluded from the study and other treatments were given as per hospital protocol. Patients were followed for 7 days. Efficacy in both groups was measured in terms of no occurrence of NEC during one week. All related data was collected on a study proforma.
Results: The average age of the neonates in the probiotic group was 11.77 \(\pm\) 6.52 days, and in the control group it was 13.41 \(\pm\) 6.86 days. There were 42.1% boys and 57.9% girls were in the probiotic group, while 54% of males and 46% of females were in the control group. The frequency of NEC was statistically higher in control group 28 (11.9%) compared to the probiotic group 5 (2.1%), indicating the oral probiotic showed significant efficacy (p- 0.001).
Conclusion: Oral probiotics have been found to be efficacious, noninvasive, and beneficial in the prevention of NEC. Probiotics must be utilized to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm newborns in the future, in order to lessen the associated complications and infant mortality.
Evaluation of Visual Acuity among Commercial Motorcyclists (Okada Riders) in the Main Campus of Abia State University Uturu Abia State Nigeria
Authors: Ubani C. D. , Amah A. K. , Ofoegbu Cosmas Chidozie , Ugboaja Chijioke, I. 
Published: June 2022

The visual ability of road users is fundamental to traffic safety. Despite the high burden of traffic crashes and associated mortality in low-income countries such as Nigeria, evidence for an association between vision function and traffic safety outcomes is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the visual acuity of commercial motorcyclists operating within the main campus of Abia State University, Uturu. Two hundred operators who had been on the job for at least one year constituted the test population, while staff and students of Abia State University, Uturu, who were sex and aged-matched and who are not commercial motor cyclists constituted the control group. Data were obtained with the aid of a structured questionnaire and clinical examinations were carried out by standard procedures. Results showed that Snellen’s fraction which is a indicator of visual acuity for the left eye of control and test groups was recorded as 0.98+- 0.30 and 0.88+- 0.35 respectively and for the right eyes 0.99+- 0.10 and 0.87+- 0.50 respectively. Only 38% of test group had normal visual acuity of 6/6 compared to 73% of control. Visual acuity correlated negatively with age for the left (r = - 0.712) and right (r = - 0.740) eyes as well as with length of service for left (r = -0.623 and right (r = - 0.632) eyes of motorcyclist operators. In conclusion, visual acuity was inversely proportional to age and length of service.
Antipsychotic factors related to time to competency for forensic inpatients in a state psychiatric facility
Authors: Lemons Amber , Iuppa Courtney A. , Kriz Carrie R. , Diefenderfer Lauren A. , Nelson Leigh Anne , Lang Shelby E. , Elliott Ellie S. R. , Moon Joseph , Sommi Roger W. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Introduction
A defendant who is deemed incompetent to stand trial may go through competency restoration consisting of mental health treatment and legal education. Antipsychotics are often used in treatment; however, there is little data examining their role.

Methods
This retrospective study included subjects opined competent to stand trial from July 2016 to February 2020 and prescribed an antipsychotic. The primary outcome was difference in time to competency between antipsychotics. Secondary outcomes included difference in time to competency between groups of antipsychotics, difference in length of stay after opined competent based on medication availability in jail, individual antipsychotics, and formulations.

Results
There were 117 subjects included for analysis. There were no differences in time to competency between individual antipsychotics, first- and second-generation antipsychotics, or formulations. Length of stay after opined competent was significantly longer for subjects who were prescribed a long-acting injectable antipsychotic (103 days vs 56 days), who were not able to receive their antipsychotic in jail (104 days vs 54 days), or who were prescribed any formulation of paliperidone compared with olanzapine (88 days vs 35 days).

Discussion
Since there were no differences in time to competency, patient-specific factors should be used to choose an agent for competency restoration. Length of stay differences are likely related to the antipsychotic access differences between jails and state psychiatric facilities. Therefore, policies related to antipsychotic access should better align between state psychiatric facilities and jails to improve the capacity of the system and provide better care.
Differentiating probable nitrofurantoin-induced drug fever from antipsychotic-induced hyperthermia in a patient receiving clozapine
Authors: Vickery Stephen B. , Burch Andrew D. , Vickery P. Brittany 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nitrofurantoin (NIT) is a commonly utilized antibiotic for the treatment of UTIs. Although well tolerated, NIT is not without potential adverse reactions. This case report details the observation of probable NIT-induced drug fever in a patient receiving clozapine. A 61-year-old female with treatment-refractory schizoaffective disorder was admitted to a psychiatric unit with paranoia and auditory hallucinations, prompting clozapine initiation during day 1 of hospitalization. Due to worsening hallucinations and anxiety, antibiotic therapy with NIT for a presumed UTI was initiated 8 days after admission. Febrile episodes were observed beginning on hospital day (HD) 9, leading to concern for possible neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), which led to clozapine discontinuation. The patient received a total of 3 doses of NIT with continued fever until discontinuation on HD 10. No further complications were encountered, and clozapine was safely resumed on HD 13. Although sparsely described in the medical literature, occurrences of drug fever attributable to NIT are previously reported. A review of the medical literature identified only 5 previously published articles specific to NIT-induced drug fever, none of which specified interruptions of psychotropic therapy for a patient with acute psychiatric decompensation. This case highlights the differential diagnosis of fever related to NIT in a patient receiving clozapine when NMS was initially suspected.
Identifying olanzapine induced liver injury in the setting of acute hepatitis C: A case report
Authors: Brelje Andrea , Fay Bailey , Mariouw Scott , VandenBerg Amy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Olanzapine is linked to asymptomatic, transient elevations of liver aminotransferases but is historically thought to rarely cause significant hepatotoxicity. Underlying liver disease is a risk factor for drug-induced liver injury and may complicate the differential diagnosis of acute transaminitis in patients taking medications associated with hepatotoxicity. Ms L presented with 2 months of new psychotic symptoms resulting in hospitalizations. Although psychosis previously improved with haloperidol, she reported symptoms concerning for akathisia. Restlessness improved and psychotic symptoms resolved after initiation of olanzapine. Concurrently, her alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was elevated, prompting further workup and new diagnosis of acute hepatitis C. Over the course of hospitalization, her ALT increased exponentially. Initially attributed solely to acute hepatitis C infection, ALT rapidly decreased after holding olanzapine, implying it was contributing to her liver injury. Subsequently, given her prior response, haloperidol was retrialed with close monitoring for adverse effects. Her subjective restlessness was treated with additional agents, and she was then transitioned to monthly haloperidol decanoate injections to further assist her adherence. Prior to discharge, she had resolution of psychosis and transaminitis. Olanzapine may contribute to hepatotoxicity with concurrent viral hepatitis, and clarity can be obtained by a trial of stopping the suspected medication. Furthermore, olanzapine, when combined with underlying liver disease, may have an additive effect on liver injury, resulting in accelerated elevations in liver aminotransferases.
Lithium toxicity following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: Mini review and illustrative case
Authors: Ayub Shahana , Saboor Sundas , Usmani Sadia , Javed Sana , Tonpouwo Gauvain Kankeu , Ahmed Saeed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Lithium is among the mainstays of treatment for bipolar disorder. Bariatric surgery can considerably change the oral bioavailability of drugs, particularly lithium. In this review, a 36-year-old male patient is described, who presented with lithium toxicity, including neurologic and gastric symptoms after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The mechanism of lithium toxicity is discussed; recommendations for clinicians regarding lithium use in postsurgical patients are provided; and previous case reports of lithium toxicity post-gastric bypass surgery are analyzed. Awareness and education of lithium absorption changes postbariatric surgery is essential for optimal patient care. Close clinical and drug concentration level monitoring is warranted.
TheW/SeCys‐FdhABformate dehydrogenase fromDesulfovibriovulgarisHildenborough
Authors: Oliveira Ana R , Mota Cristiano , Romão Maria J , Pereira Inês AC 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe W/SeCys‐FdhAB formate dehydrogenase fromDesulfovibrio vulgarisHildenborough is a dimeric periplasmic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible oxidation of formate and reduction of CO2. It belongs to the group of metal‐dependent FDHs, with a tungsten at the active site coordinated by two pyranopterin guanine dinucleotides, a selenocysteine, and one labile sulfur atom. FdhAB has a remarkably high activity and unusual tolerance to oxygen, making it an ideal model system to study biological CO2reduction.
Patterns of myelinated nerve fibers loss in transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy and mimics
Authors: Du Kang , Chu Xujun , Tang Yuwei , Zhao Xutong , Yu Meng , Zheng Yiming , Deng Jianwen , Lv He , Zhang Wei , Wang Zhaoxia , Yuan Yun , Meng Lingchao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe present study was intended to analyze the characteristics of myelinated nerve fibers density (MFD) of transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy (ATTR‐PN) and other similar neuropathies.MethodsA total of 41 patients with ATTR‐PN, 58 patients of other common peripheral neuropathies, and 17 age‐and gender‐matched controls who visited the First Hospital of Peking University and performed sural nerve biopsy between June 2007 and August 2021 were included for analysis of MFD.ResultsExcept the vasculitic neuropathy group, the total and small MFD of patients in the ATTR‐PN group were significantly lower than those of other disease groups. There was an obvious negative correlation between the total MFD and the disease course in the ATTR‐PN group. The disease course of early‐onset and late‐onset symptoms was similar, but the loss of large myelinated nerve fibers (MF) was more severe for the latter. In addition, all late‐onset and most early‐onset patients had severely reduced MFD after a 2 years' disease course. The MFD in ATTR‐PN patients was negatively correlated with Neuropathy Impairment Score (NIS) and Norfolk Quality of life‐diabetic neuropathy (Norfolk QOL‐DN) score.ConclusionMF is lost differently in ATTR‐PN and in other common peripheral neuropathies. The late‐onset and early‐onset ATTR‐PN patients have different patterns of loss of large and small MF.
Brain Tumor Cell Membrane‐Coated Lanthanide‐Doped Nanoparticles for NIR‐IIb Luminescence Imaging and Surgical Navigation of Glioma
Authors: Wang Zijun , Zhang Meng , Chi Siyu , Zhu Mengting , Wang Caixia , Liu Zhihong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntraoperative visualization of the full extent of brain tumor by luminescence imaging helps to improve the degree and accuracy of brain tumor resection, thereby prolonging the survival of patients. However, the limited imaging depth and spatial resolution and the poor blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability of most currently available luminescent probes restrict the imaging performance and surgical resection efficiency of brain tumor. Here, a brain tumor cell membrane‐coated lanthanide‐doped nanoparticles (CC‐LnNPs) in the near‐infrared‐IIb window (NIR‐IIb, 1500–1700 nm) is designed for brain tumor imaging and surgical navigation. The coating of brain tumor cell membrane endows CC‐LnNPs with immune escape, BBB crossing, and homotypic targeting abilities, which are inherited from the source brain tumor cells. In addition, compared with clinically approved imaging agent indocyanine green, CC‐LnNPs present higher temporal and spatial resolution, higher stability, and lower background signals, enabling clear visualization of the brain tumor boundary. With the guidance of NIR‐IIb fluorescence, the glioma tissue (size < 3 mm, depth > 3 mm) could be clearly visualized and completely removed as a proof of concept. This study offers new insight for the future design of nanoprobe to image brain tumor and to achieve precise diagnosis and surgical navigation of brain tumor.
Thermally Stable Red‐Emitting Mixed Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Enabled by Solid Reaction and Co‐Doping Process
Authors: Tian Shuyu , Zhou Xianfeng , Bi Chenghao , Sun Xuejiao , Zhang Mengqi , Yang Shixu , Tian Jianjun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRapid performance degradation as temperature increases for metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) greatly restricts the practical application for lighting and display. This problem is even more grievous for the mixed‐halide perovskite NCs because of severe ions migration. Here, a solid‐reaction process in the N2 atmosphere is devised, in which the red‐emitting (631 nm wavelength) mixed halide CsPbBr1.5I1.5 NCs with a coating of SiO2 shell are achieved. Meanwhile, the Zn2+ and K+ ions are co‐doped into the crystal lattice to enhance the radiative decay rate and decrease the trap density of the NCs. The photoluminescence quantum yield of the co‐doped NCs reaches 64.5%, which is one of the highest values for the reported mixed‐halide perovskite NCs obtained by the solid reaction. Importantly, the dopant of K+ enters into the interstitial position of the perovskite structure to increase the structural rigidity, which inhibits exciton–phonon interaction and elevates thermal activation energy, thus improving thermal quenching resistance to sustain high emission intensity at high temperature (>353 K). Furthermore, the red backlight emitting diode based on the NCs exhibits no decay in luminescence intensity after continuous operation for 700 h at 353 K, representing remarkable stability for the commercial application.
Adapting the CROPGRO‐faba bean model to simulate the growth and development of Amaranthus species
Authors: Nkebiwe Peteh Mehdi , Boote Ken , Pflugfelder Annegret , Munz Sebastian , Graeff‐Hönninger Simone 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to adapt the CROPGRO model to simulate growth and development processes of Amaranthus spp. under central European conditions. In 2017 and 2018, two field experiments with two amaranth cultivars (grain type, A. hypochondriacus L. Neuer Typ [NT]; fodder type, A. caudatus L. K63 [K63]) were conducted in southern Germany. Based on experimental and literature data, parameter coefficients that drive physiological processes at species, cultivar, and ecotype levels were calibrated to predict the time series experimental observations of various growth and development traits. Statistical evaluation of the model adaptation was performed using root mean square error (RMSE, in variable units, 0 equals perfect fit) and the Willmott agreement index (d‐Stat., range from 0 to 1, 1 equals perfect fit). For NT and K63, respectively, the model adaptation led to accurate predictions of canopy height (RMSE, 0.07 and 0.24 m; d‐Stat.,0.98 and 0.92), panicle weight (RMSE, 2,034 and 1,153 kg ha–1; d‐Stat., 0.92 and 0.94), panicle harvest index (RMSE, 0.05 and 0.06; d‐Stat., 0.99 and 0.96), leaf N concentration (RMSE, 0.38 and 0.40%; d‐Stat., 0.94 and 0.92) and aboveground biomass (RMSE, 2,948 and 2,572 kg ha–1; d‐Stat., 0.88 and 0.91). In summary, the CROPGRO model was successfully adapted for Amaranthus spp. The adapted model can be further improved as it is made available for evaluation in different locations and environments including limited soil N supply.