bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Effect, Business Dynamism and Wage Inequality in a Sharing Economy
Authors: Beladi Hamid , Chao Chi-Chur , Smith Pamela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the network effect on income distribution and social welfare in a sharing economy with rural-urban migration. A rise in the urban network effect via an increase of the number of users attracts capital to the urban sector. Urban skilled wage rises but rural unskilled wage falls. Due to rising costs from capital rental and skilled wage, urban firms exit if the demand elasticity of urban goods is large. This business-dynamism effect via firm exit mitigates the skilled-unskilled wage gap in the long run. Furthermore, rural-urban migration is mitigated from business dynamism by relocating capital to the rural sector. Network effects thus serves as a mitigator to cope with urban unemployment. In addition, the role of network effects on the effects of changes in the endowments are examined in the sharing economy.
Development of a microfluidic electroosmosis pump on a chip for steady and continuous fluid delivery
Authors: Silverio Vania , Canane Patricia A. G. , Martins Tomas A. , Afonso Ruben , Cardoso Susana , Batista Elsa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Infusion therapy is the most common form of therapy used in health care. However, the existing infusion devices show higher flow discrepancies as flow rates decrease to a few nL min−1. As a result, dosing errors can contribute to the morbidity and mortality of patients. In the scope of project 18HLT08 MeDD II – Metrology for drug delivery, this investigation aims at the development of a silicon microchip flow pump capable of steadily and continuously dispense very low flow rates of a few nL min−1. The fabrication methodologies explored here use a combination of typical cleanroom micro/nanofabrication techniques and off-the-shelf equipment. Preliminary tests show flow rates as low as 45 nL min−1 can be obtained in this microfluidic electroosmotic pump. The experimental flow rates are in good agreement with results predicted by multiphysics simulation, with less than 8% deviation ratio. This cost effective electroosmotic micropump has the potential to act as a steady and continuous drug delivery system to neonatal patients as well as to organs on chip (OoC), determining the stability of the shear stress imposed on the cells or the right cell culture medium conditions.
Unexpected dosing errors due to air bubbles in infusion lines with and without air filters
Authors: Konings Maurits K. , Haaijer Kelly , Gevers Robin , Timmerman Annemoon M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The effect of the presence of an air bubble, inside an infusion line, on the time (Tnew) needed for a new medication to reach the patient after a syringe exchange was studied in this paper. If an air bubble escapes through an air filter, then a sudden drop in pressure occurs, causing a relaxation of the compressible part of the syringe, followed by a gradual restoration of the flow rate in the line. We modeled this phenomenon mathematically and measured it experimentally in vitro. In an example with a pump flow rate of 5 mL/h and an air bubble of 1 cm length inside an infusion line (diameter 1 mm) with an air filter, both theory and experiment yield an additional increase of at least 600% in delay time if a naive estimate (based on the size of the bubble alone) is replaced by a more realistic estimate incorporating compressibility. Furthermore, we show that an air bubble in a line without air filter may increase Tnew by a factor 2, depending on the initial position of the air bubble. We conclude that an air bubble in an infusion line causes delays that may not be expected by health care professionals.
Understanding the importance of trust in patients’ coping with uncertainty via health information-seeking behaviors
Authors: Link Elena , Baumann Eva , Klimmt Christoph 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Disease-related challenges are often associated with perceived uncertainties in individuals, triggering attempts to cope with the situation. Our study aims to understand patients’ coping strategies regarding health information-seeking behaviors (HISBs). It is guided by the Uncertainty Management Theory, and seeks to grant insights into multi-channel HISB by describing how uses of interpersonal and media channels interact to cope with uncertainties, and how trust influences the process of multi-channel HISB. Patients diagnosed with osteoarthrosis (N = 34) participated in qualitative semi-structured interviews, from which five patterns of multi-channel HISB, ranging from a focus on the physician to a focus on the internet, were identified. These patterns are distinguished by underlying functions of trust – including trust serving as an additional coping strategy, and as an important influencing factor for perceiving information as meaningful – and by whether information needs remain and patients turn to multiple sources. These findings form the basis for further theory development considering the iterative nature of HISB and the role of trust.
Comparing Hecke eigenvalues of Siegel eigenforms
Authors: Kumari Moni 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article deals with various kinds of quantitative results about the comparison between the normalized Hecke eigenvalues of two distinct Siegel cuspidal Hecke eigenforms for the full symplectic group of degree 2 which are not Saito–Kurokawa lifts. We also prove some simultaneous sign change results for their eigenvalues.
Empirical Framework for Two-Player Repeated Games with Random States
Authors: Szydłowski Arkadiusz 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We provide methods for the empirical analysis of a class of two-player repeated games with i.i.d. shocks, allowing for non-Markovian strategies. The number of possible equilibria in these games is large and, usually, theory is silent about which equilibrium will be chosen in practice. Thus, our method remains agnostic about selection among these multiple equilibria, which leads to partial identification of the parameters of the game. We propose a profiled likelihood criterion for building confidence sets for the structural parameters of the game and derive an easily computable upper bound on the critical value. We demonstrate good finite-sample performance of our procedure using a simulation study. We illustrate the usefulness of our method by studying the effect of repealing the Wright Amendment on entry and exit into Dallas airline markets and find that the static game approach overestimates the negative effect of the law on entry into these markets.
Clinical spectrum and diagnostic challenges of vitamin D dependent rickets type 1A (VDDR1A) caused by CYP27B1 mutation in resource limited countries
Authors: Aftab Sommayya , Khan Sabeen Abid , Malik Munir Iqbal , Imran Ahmed , Anjum Muhammad Nadeem , Saeed Anjum , Qureshi Abid Ali , Cheema Huma Arshad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Vitamin D dependent rickets type 1A (VDDR1A) is a rare autosomal recessive condition due to inactivating mutation of CYP27B1. It mimics clinically, biochemically and rediologically to nutritional and hypophosphatemic rickets. In developing countries like Pakistan, VDDR1A is often misdiagnosed as nutritional rickets or hypophosphatemic rickets due lack of free access to 1,25 (OH) 2 D level and genetic testing. This study was aimed to determine the clinical spectrum and diagnostic challenges of VDDR1A due to CYP27B1 mutation in developing countries.

Methodology
Retrospective review of all cases of VDDR1A due to CYP27B1 mutation over a period of two years presenting in Pediatric Endocrine clinic of Hameed Latif Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

Results
Six cases of VDDR1A (4 males) were identified. Mean age of clinical manifestation was 14 (9–24) months. Mean age of presentation to endocrine department was 5.5 (1.5–11.8) years. Growth failure and bony deformities were the most common presentation (n=6), followed by repeated diarrheas and abdominal distension (n=3) and recurrent fractures (n=1). All cases shared same biochemical profile of low/normal calcium, hypophosphatemia, raised alkaline phosphatase, raised PTH, normal/high 25(OH)D and tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP) <85%. Patients treated with calcitriol showed rapid healing as compared to those treated with 1-alfacalcidol.

Conclusion
We should have a high index of suspicion of VDDR1A in rickets not responding to cholecalciferol therapy.
The Irrationality of Stand Your Ground: Game Theory on Self-Defense
Authors: Santana Carlos , Smith Adam C. , Petrozzo Kathryn , Halm Derek 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
US law continues its historical trend of growing more permissive towards actors who engage in violent action in purported self-defense. We draw on some informal game theory to show why this is strategically irrational and suggest rolling back self-defense doctrines like stand your ground to earlier historical precedents like duty to retreat.
Effect of various varieties and dosage of potassium fertilizer on growth, yield, and quality of red chili (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Kusumiyati Kusumiyati , Syifa Rosalinda Julian , Farida Farida 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Red chili is one of the important commodities with increasing demand. However, the quality, continuity of supply, and quantity have not been realized to meet domestic market demand. Increasing growth, yield, and quality can be pursued through superior varieties, and the effort to increase crop productivity is the application of various doses of potassium fertilizer. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of various varieties and doses of potassium fertilizer on the growth, yield, and quality of red chili. The split-plot experimental design consisting of two factors was also used. The first factor is the variety, as the main plot consisting of UNPAD CB2, Tanjung 2, and Lingga. The second factor was the dose of potassium fertilizer as sub-plots which consisted of four levels, namely 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg/ha KCl. The results showed an interaction between variety and dose of potassium fertilizer on plant height at 8 weeks after planting (WAP), stem diameter at 8 WAP, and leaf area index at 9 WAP. Meanwhile, UNPAD CB2 showed the best results for 6 WAP plant height, fruit weight per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, dihydrocapsaicin, total capsaicinoid, and scoville heat unit. Potassium fertilizer doses of 200 and 300 kg/ha KCl showed high yields for stem diameters of 6 WAP.
Enigmatic Bones: A Few Archaeological, Bioanthropological, and Historical Considerations Regarding an Atypical Deposit of Skeletonized Human Remains Unearthed in Khirbat al-Dusaq (Southern Jordan)
Authors: Hofstetter Tobias , Vigouroux Élodie , Elter René 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article presents the results of the archaeological, bioanthropological, and historical analysis of an atypical human bone deposit found at the medieval Islamic desert site of Khirbat al-Dusaq in southern present-day Jordan. This site has yielded several human remains deposits, most of which appear to be either ordinary or reorganised burials with a clearly identifiable sepulchral function. However, one particular deposit (labelled “Structure no 1 (Pièce 5)”) displays several atypical features which complicate its interpretation. As such, radiocarbon dating of this particular deposit indicates a chronological range extending from the second half of the seventeenth century CE to the end of the eighteenth century CE. In addition, the human bones contained within this deposit tend to show unusual osteological characteristics, such as possible cut marks resembling peri-mortem lesions inflicted upon the deceased by third parties armed with sharp objects. The precise historical contextualisation of this deposit enables us to discuss different scenarios that could explain the circumstances of its inception. In this sense, the spectrum of possible explanatory interpretations ranges from the conjecture that the remains under study represent one or several victims of an inter-tribal conflict, a brigandage or retaliation attack, a crushed popular uprising, or even individuals who died during one of the violent raids perpetrated by local Bedouin tribes against the Mecca pilgrimage caravans during the Ottoman period.
Ablaut in Cairene Arabic
Authors: Fathi Radwa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The vowel alternations relating the perfectives and imperfectives of Form I verbs in Cairene Arabic are examined in this article. It is argued that such alternations are driven by a coherent system of Ablaut (or apophony), the same system as was proposed by Guerssel and Lowenstamm for Classical Arabic. Mounting evidence from unrelated languages strongly suggests that Ablaut systems are organized in similarly rigid fashion cross-linguistically. The question of the impact of linguistic change on Ablaut thus arises. One possibility is that change may culminate in the abandonment of apophony. Another possibility is that apophony itself drives change. It is argued in this article that several past and ongoing developments in the evolution of the vocalization of verbs in Cairene took place under the control of the apophonic system.
Irrelevant Threats Linger and Affect Behavior in High Anxiety
Authors: Aberg Kristoffer C. , Toren Ido , Paz Rony 
Published: December 2022

Threat-related information attracts attention and disrupts ongoing behavior, and particularly so for more anxious individuals. Yet, it is unknown how and to what extent threat-related information leave lingering influences on behavior (e.g., by impeding ongoing learning processes). Here, human male and female participants (N= 47) performed probabilistic reinforcement learning tasks where irrelevant distracting faces (neutral, happy, or fearful) were presented together with relevant monetary feedback. Behavioral modeling was combined with fMRI data (N= 27) to explore the neurocomputational bases of learning relevant and irrelevant information. In two separate studies, individuals with high trait anxiety showed increased avoidance of objects previously paired with the combination of neutral monetary feedback and fearful faces (but not neutral or happy faces). Behavioral modeling revealed that high anxiety increased the integration of fearful faces during feedback learning, and fMRI results (regarded as provisional, because of a relatively small sample size) further showed that variance in the prediction error signal, uniquely accounted for by fearful faces, correlated more strongly with activity in the right DLPFC for more anxious individuals. Behavioral and neuronal dissociations indicated that the threat-related distractors did not simply disrupt learning processes. By showing that irrelevant threats exert long-lasting influences on behavior, our results extend previous research that separately showed that anxiety increases learning from aversive feedbacks and distractibility by threat-related information. Our behavioral results, combined with the proposed neurocomputational mechanism, may help explain how increased exposure to irrelevant affective information contributes to the acquisition of maladaptive behaviors in more anxious individuals.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn modern-day society, people are increasingly exposed to various types of irrelevant information (e.g., intruding social media announcements). Yet, the neurocomputational mechanisms influenced by irrelevant information during learning, and their interactions with increasingly distracted personality types are largely unknown. Using a reinforcement learning task, where relevant feedback is presented together with irrelevant distractors (emotional faces), we reveal an interaction between irrelevant threat-related information (fearful faces) and interindividual anxiety levels. fMRI shows provisional evidence for an interaction between anxiety levels and the coupling between activity in the DLPFC and learning signals specifically elicited by fearful faces. Our study reveals how irrelevant threat-related information may become entrenched in the anxious psyche and contribute to long-lasting abnormal behaviors.
Mother's nutritional knowledge and behavior to stunting prevalence among children under two years old: case-control
Authors: Aprilina Happy Dwi , Nurkhasanah Siti , Hisbulloh Latif 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Stunting among children still becomes a public health problem that needs serious attention. Stunting often occurs in 1000 days of a child's life. Some factors often cause stunting, such as lack of knowledge and nutrition for children. Aim to study the correlation between mother's nutritional knowledge and behavior in providing nutrition for children under two years old and the prevalence of stunting in Banteran Village, Sumbang District.Methods: This study is an analytical observational study with a case-control study design. The population in this study was 210 people. The research sample was 68 respondents taken by proportional random sampling technique. Research instrument for measuring height by measuring height/age with a z-score on the Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS) chart. Data analysis was done by chi-square test.Results: The correlation between the level of nutritional knowledge of mothers and the prevalence of stunting based on the Chi-Square test results obtained p = 0.015 OR = 0.246. There is a significant correlation between the mother's nutritional knowledge and behavior and the stunting prevalence among children under two years old (p = 0.014; OR value = 0.284).Conclusion: There is a correlation between mothers' level of nutritional knowledge and the prevalence of stunting in Banteran Village, Sumbang, Banyumas Regency.
Correlation between Urea Creatinine Ratio (UCR) and lipid profile in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Samsuria Indranila Kustarini , Ariosta Ariosta , Sujianto Untung 
Published: December 2022

Background: SARS-CoV-2, as the leading cause of COVID-19 disease, can cause kidney disorders characterized by the presence of hematuria, increased creatinine, and other kidney pathological conditions. Since a 24-hour urine examination as the gold standard for urea examination has several weaknesses, it is necessary to carry out an alternative examination method especially, the Urea Creatinine Ratio (UCR). This study evaluates the correlation between UCR and lipid profile in COVID-19 patients.Methods: A descriptive-analytical design with a cross-sectional approach is applied. COVID-19 patients with positive PCR were examined for UCR, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, and LDL. The assessment was based on clinical chemistry analysis using an automatic analyzer. We perform a normality test using Shapiro-Wilk. The Pearson correlation test is used to see a correlation between variables. The study was conducted at Siloam Hospital in April-August 2021. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: There was no significant difference between UCR and the other variables based on the statistical analysis test (p>0.05). There was no significant correlation between UCR and cholesterol total (p= 0.230), UCR and Triglyceride (p= 0.680, UCR and HDL (p=0.970) and UCR and LDL (p= 0.190). Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between UCR and lipid profile in COVID-19 patients
The effect of lean six sigma toward maternal emergency lead time in Penembahan Senopati Hospital, Bantul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Firman Firman , Koentjoro Tjahjono , Widodo Kuncoro Harto , Utarini Adi 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionÂ : Indonesia is one of the countries with high Maternal Mortality Rate that result partially from in management inefficiency, causing in obstruction of flow, underutilized resources, and imbalance between the number of patients with the availability of care facilities and the alternative care strategies. One of the strategies that can be applied to reduce lead time is Lean Six Sigma (LSS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodology on patient lead time in Maternal Emergency of district government hospital.Methods: Researcher and the participants were involved in planning, gathering data, analyzing, and choosing the best solutions. The participants were trained on LSS methods, its implementation tools and procedures. Evaluations were conducted using lead time observation before and after implementation, and midwives were interviewed about their perceptions. The analysis was based on Value Stream Mapping tools. Results: Patientsâ€™ lead time from being admitted in emergency unit definitive diagnosis was decreased by 26.04 minutes or 16.4% in Caesarean Section (CS) and 15.25 minutes or 21.7% in other maternal high risk. For emergency CS, the improvement was 33.06 minutes or 26% from decision until incision. The benefit of LSS implementation was primarily in accelerating service processes and improving communication and team work. Conclusion: This study showed that the implementation of LSS had great potential benefit in a maternal emergency unit. Participation of the midwives is crucial for successful implementation of LSS to reduce patients lead time.
Risk factors for decreased hand grip strength in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the Tabanan Public Health Center II
Authors: Darmawan I Putu Gede Putra , Paramitha Ayu Agung Pradnya , Ida Bagus Indra Wibawa Putrawan  
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The condition of decreased muscle mass and function in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) will lead to a significant effect on the decline in quality of life. A commonly found manifestation of sarcopenia is the presence of a decrease in the strength of the hand grip. Other research showed a significant inverse relationship between the strength of the hand grip and DMT2. But to date, there are still few studies that assess the factors that cause a decrease in the strength of the hand grip in DMT2 patients. This study aims to evaluate risk factors that are related to the strength of the decrease in the strength of the hand grip in patients with DMT2.
Methods: Cross-sectional analytical research. The data was taken through interviews, physical examinations and data collection of laboratory examination results at the general polyclinic of the Tabanan Public Health Center II. The bivariate test used chi-square and the multivariate analysis with logistic regression was used in assessing the magnitude of influence between variables that have a meaningful relationship with HGS and looking for the magnitude of the adjusted odd ratio (AOR) value.
Results: The study discovered a strong correlation between age (p=0.002), body mass index (p=0.002), and fasting blood sugar levels (p=0.001) and hand grip strength. In the multivariate analysis, it was found that the relationship of age more than 50 years to the decrease in hand grip strength was greater than high fasting blood sugar levels, while no significant relationship was found on excess nutritional status in this multivariate analysis (p=0.44).
Conclusion: Age, body mass index, and fasting blood sugar levels are the risk factors for decreased hand grip strength in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.