bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial patterns, causes and characteristics of the cultural landscape of the Road of Tang Poetry based on text mining: take the Road of Tang Poetry in Eastern Zhejiang as an example
Authors: Xi Xuesong , An Xingrun , Zhang Guangming , Liang Shifan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Road of Tang Poetry in Eastern Zhejiang is a poetic cultural route linked by Tang poetry which is the pinnacle of ancient Chinese poetry history, and is a cluster of cultural landscapes where nature and humanity blend together under the narrative of Tang poetry. The research has mined and collated the text information of poems, such as trails, persons, places and landscapes, in 1593 poems written by 451 poets of the Tang Dynasty in Eastern Zhejiang, and discerned the overall route of the Road of Tang Poetry in Eastern Zhejiang based on the spatial location of all the text information in GIS. The spatial distribution pattern of the cultural landscape of the Road of Tang Poetry is analyzed and summarized from four levels: natural landscape, Buddhist and Taoist cultural landscape, celebrity cultural landscape and folk cultural landscape. The complex social network relationship between “poet-person” and “poet-landscape” is shown through the Gephi tools. The four causes and two characteristics of the Road of Tang poetry in Eastern Zhejiang are explained from the perspective of the logic of mathematical statistics.
Morphofunctional changes following adenotonsillectomy of obstructive sleep apnea children: a case series analysis
Authors: Tinano Mariana M. , Becker Helena M. G. , Franco Letícia P. , dos Anjos Claudia P. G. , Ramos Vinícius M. , Nader Carolina M. F. F. , Godinho Joana , de Párcia Gontijo Henrique , Souki Bernardo Q. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
To perform a case series analysis of the changes in the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP), nasal inspiratory flow (NIF), upper airway volume, obstructive apnea/hypopnea index (OAHI), and the maxillomandibular three-dimensional (3D) morphology after adenotonsillectomy (T&A) of obstructive sleep apnea children (OSA).

Materials and methods
Retrospective assessment of files from 1002 children screened between 2012 and 2020 in a hospital-based mouth-breather referral center. From this universe, 15 obstructive sleep apnea children (7 females; 8 males), ages 4.1 to 8.9 years old (mean age of 5.4 years ± 1.3), who presented indications of tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy were selected. The complete baseline examination (T0) was carried out before T&A and a second complete examination (T1) was made 18.7-month follow-up after T&A (ranging from 12 to 30 months). Eleven patients were submitted to T&A, and four patients had indications but did not receive authorization for surgery from the public health system. According to the protocol of the outpatient clinic for OSA patients, Doppler echocardiography, polysomnography, rhinomanometry, and computed tomography imaging was performed at (T0) and (T1).

Results
PASP decreased 16.6% after T&A. NIF increased more in T&A children (40.3%) than in non-T&A children (16.8%). The upper airway volume increased in T&A and non-T&A children, but greater volumetric gain (45.6%) was found in the nasopharynx of T&A patients. OAHI did not change in six T&A children (55%) and three non-T&A children (75%). The maxilla displaced downward and backward relative to the cranial base in six T&A children (55%) and two untreated children (50%). Nine of the T&A children (85%) and three untreated children (75%) presented extensive condylar growth and increased mandibular length. The qualitative 3D assessment showed similar morphological 3D changes in T&A and non-T&A patients.

Conclusion
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure decreased, nasal inspiratory flow increased, and nasopharynx volume increased following adenotonsillectomy, but obstructive apnea/hypopnea index and maxillomandibular morphology were similar in surgical and non-surgical patients.
Succinate: A Serum Biomarker of SDHB-Mutated Paragangliomas and Pheochromocytomas
Authors: Lamy Constance , Tissot Hubert , Faron Matthieu , Baudin Eric , Lamartina Livia , Pradon Caroline , Al Ghuzlan Abir , Leboulleux Sophie , Perfettini Jean-Luc , Paci Angelo , Hadoux Julien , Broutin Sophie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that are frequently associated with succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) germline mutations. When mutated, SDH losses its function, thus leading to succinate accumulation.

Objective
In this study, we evaluated serum succinate levels as a new metabolic biomarker in SDHx-related carriers.

Methods
Retrospective monocentric study of 88 PPGL patients (43 sporadic, 35 SDHB, 10 SDHA/C/D), 17 tumor-free familial asymptomatic carriers (13 SDHB, 4 SDHC/D), and 60 healthy controls. Clinical, biological, and imaging data were reviewed. Serum succinate levels (n = 280) were quantified by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a tandem mass spectrometry method and correlated to SDHx mutational status, disease extension, and other biological biomarkers.

Results
Serum succinate levels &gt; 7 μM allowed identification of tumor-free asymptomatic SDHB-mutated cases compared to a healthy control group (100% specificity; 85% sensitivity). At PPGL diagnosis, SDHB-mutated patients had a significantly increased median succinate level (14 μM) compared to sporadic patients (8 μM) (P &lt; 0.01). Metastatic disease extension was correlated to serum succinate levels (r = 0.81). In the SDHB group, patients displaying highest tumor burdens showed significant increased succinate levels compared to the sporadic group (P &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusions
In this pilot study, we showed that serum succinate level is an oncometabolic biomarker that should be useful to identify SDHB-related carriers. Succinate levels are also a marker of metabolic tumor burden in patients with a metastatic PPGL and a potential marker of treatment response and follow-up.
Collagen VI deficiency causes behavioral abnormalities and cortical dopaminergic dysfunction
Authors: Gregorio Ilaria , Mereu Maddalena , Contarini Gabriella , Bello Luca , Semplicini Claudio , Burgio Francesca , Russo Loris , Sut Stefania , Dall'Acqua Stefano , Braghetta Paola , Semenza Carlo , Pegoraro Elena , Papaleo Francesco , Bonaldo Paolo , Cescon Matilde 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Mutations of genes coding for collagen VI (COL6) cause muscle diseases, including Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy and Bethlem myopathy. Although COL6 genetic variants were recently linked to brain pathologies, the impact of COL6 deficiency in brain function is still largely unknown. Here, a thorough behavioral characterization of COL6-null (Col6a1–/–) mice unexpectedly revealed that COL6 deficiency leads to a significant impairment in sensorimotor gating and memory/attention functions. In keeping with these behavioral abnormalities, Col6a1–/– mice displayed alterations in dopaminergic signaling, primarily in the prefrontal cortex. In vitro co-culture of SH-SY5Y neural cells with primary meningeal fibroblasts from wild-type and Col6a1–/– mice confirmed a direct link between COL6 ablation and defective dopaminergic activity, through a mechanism involving the inability of meningeal cells to sustain dopaminergic differentiation. Finally, patients affected by COL6-related myopathies were evaluated with an ad hoc neuropsychological protocol, revealing distinctive defects in attentional control abilities. Altogether, these findings point towards a previously undescribed role for COL6 in the proper maintenance of dopamine circuitry function and its related neurobehavioral features in both mice and humans.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Consensus guidelines on the construct validity of rodent models of restless legs syndrome
Authors: Salminen Aaro V. , Clemens Stefan , García-Borreguero Diego , Ghorayeb Imad , Li Yuqing , Manconi Mauro , Ondo William , Rye David , Siegel Jerome M. , Silvani Alessandro , Winkelman John W. , Allen Richard P. , Ferré Sergi ,   the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG)
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Our understanding of the causes and natural course of restless legs syndrome (RLS) is incomplete. The lack of objective diagnostic biomarkers remains a challenge for clinical research and for the development of valid animal models. As a task force of preclinical and clinical scientists, we have previously defined face validity parameters for rodent models of RLS. In this article, we establish new guidelines for the construct validity of RLS rodent models. To do so, we first determined and agreed on the risk, and triggering factors and pathophysiological mechanisms that influence RLS expressivity. We then selected 20 items considered to have sufficient support in the literature, which we grouped by sex and genetic factors, iron-related mechanisms, electrophysiological mechanisms, dopaminergic mechanisms, exposure to medications active in the central nervous system, and others. These factors and biological mechanisms were then translated into rodent bioequivalents deemed to be most appropriate for a rodent model of RLS. We also identified parameters by which to assess and quantify these bioequivalents. Investigating these factors, both individually and in combination, will help to identify their specific roles in the expression of rodent RLS-like phenotypes, which should provide significant translational implications for the diagnosis and treatment of RLS.
PDGFR dimer-specific activation, trafficking and downstream signaling dynamics
Authors: Rogers Madison A. , Campaña Maria B. , Long Robert , Fantauzzo Katherine A. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTSignaling through the platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) plays a critical role in multiple cellular processes during development. The two PDGFRs, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, dimerize to form homodimers and/or heterodimers. Here, we overcome previous limitations in studying PDGFR dimer-specific dynamics by generating cell lines stably expressing C-terminal fusions of each PDGFR with bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) fragments corresponding to the N-terminal or C-terminal regions of the Venus fluorescent protein. We find that PDGFRβ receptors homodimerize more quickly than PDGFRα receptors in response to PDGF ligand, with increased levels of autophosphorylation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PDGFRα homodimers are trafficked and degraded more quickly, whereas PDGFRβ homodimers are more likely to be recycled back to the cell membrane. We show that PDGFRβ homodimer activation results in a greater amplitude of phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT signaling, as well as increased proliferation and migration. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis leads to changes in cellular trafficking and downstream signaling, particularly for PDGFRα homodimers. Collectively, our findings provide significant insight into how biological specificity is introduced to generate unique responses downstream of PDGFR engagement.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Intraspecific investigation of dehydration-enhanced innate immune performance and endocrine stress response to sublethal dehydration in a semi-aquatic species of pit viper
Authors: Sandfoss Mark R. , Brischoux François , Lillywhite Harvey B. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Sublethal dehydration can cause negative physiological effects, but recent studies investigating the sub-lethal effects of dehydration on innate immune performance in reptiles have found a positive correlation between innate immune response and plasma osmolality. To investigate whether this is an adaptive trait that evolved in response to dehydration in populations inhabiting water-scarce environments, we sampled free-ranging cottonmouth snakes (n=26 adult cottonmouths) from two populations inhabiting contrasting environments in terms of water availability: Snake Key (n=12), an island with no permanent sources of fresh water, and Paynes Prairie (n=14), a flooded freshwater prairie. In addition to field surveys, we manipulated the hydration state of 17 cottonmouths (Paynes Prairie n=9, Snake Key n=8) in a laboratory setting and measured the response of corticosterone and innate immune performance to dehydration with the aim of identifying any correlation or trade-offs between them. We measured corticosterone of cottonmouths at a baseline level and then again following a 60 min stress test when at three hydration states: hydrated, dehydrated and rehydrated. We found that innate immune performance improved with dehydration and then returned to baseline levels within 48 h of rehydration, which agrees with previous research in reptiles. Despite the frequent exposure of cottonmouths on Snake Key to dehydrating conditions, we did not find cottonmouths inhabiting the island to show a greater magnitude or more prolonged immune response compared with cottonmouths from Paynes Prairie. We also found a positive association between dehydration and corticosterone values.
Electric catfish hearts are not intrinsically immune to electric shocks
Authors: Welzel Georg , Schuster Stefan 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
High voltage electric shocks cause life threatening cardiac injuries such as sudden cardiac standstill or severe myocardial injury. Here, we analysed the physiology of the heart of the strongly electric catfish (Malapterurus beninensis) that stuns prey with high-voltage shocks but is immune to its own, as well as external, high-voltage shocks. Neither a detailed analysis of the electrocardiogram nor the structure of the heart indicated a specialized cardiac conduction system. Using a suitable perfusion system, we discovered that, despite its immunity in vivo, the explanted heart of electric catfish can readily be activated by external electrical currents and is equally sensitive to electric shock-induced arrhythmias as similar-sized goldfish hearts. The surprise thus is that the electric catfish has a vulnerable heart that requires to be protected by highly efficient but presently unknown means.
Naked-Eye-Detectable Supramolecular Sensing System for Glutaric Acid and Isophthalic Acid
Authors: Muranaka Atsuya , Ban Hayato , Naito Masaya , Miyagawa Shinobu , Ueda Masahiro , Yamamoto Shin , Harada Mei , Takaya Hikaru , Kimura Masaki , Kobayashi Nagao , Uchiyama Masanobu , Tokunaga Yuji 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We report a molecular sensor, comprising a porphyrin core and four 2-aminoquinolyl groups at meso positions, for the naked-eye detection of glutaric acid and isophthalic acid, both featuring a C3 spacer between two CO2H groups. In the presence of the C3 dicarboxylic acids, solutions of the porphyrin sensor underwent significant changes in color and absorption spectra. NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography revealed that the porphyrin derivative bound to two molecules of the C3 dicarboxylic acids selectively to form 1:2 complexes, which dimerized through strong π-stacking interactions. Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggested that the red-shifting of the Q-bands in the absorption spectra of the porphyrin derivative arose from tilted quinolyl rings in the dimeric complexes. In addition, we found that a test strip containing the porphyrin sensor could also be used to efficiently detect glutaric acid and isophthalic acid.
Aerobic or Muscle-Strengthening Physical Activity: Which Is Better for Health?
Authors: Brellenthin Angelique G. , Bennie Jason A. , Lee Duck-chul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Physical Activity Guidelines recommend performing 150 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity (MVPA) per week. These guidelines also recommend muscle-strengthening physical activity (MSPA) on ≥2 d·wk−1 for additional benefits including muscular fitness and bone health. The majority of the scientific evidence supporting the PA recommendations for health comes from studies of MVPA while the possible contributions of MSPA in these findings have been overlooked historically. Emerging evidence suggests that MSPA can independently protect against major cardiometabolic risk factors, chronic diseases, and mortality. Additional data from clinical trials indicate that many of the well-known health benefits of exercise, like improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors, are more robust with combined MVPA and MSPA. This review will clarify the relative benefits of MSPA versus MVPA on health-related outcomes to determine the best type of PA for health.
Association of mortality and endothelial dysfunction with serum ADMA level in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Karacaer Cengiz , Yaylacı Selcuk , Demirci Taner , Cekic Deniz , Suner Kezban Ozmen , Cokluk Erdem , Varım Ceyhun 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To investigate the role of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level in predicting intensive care and mortality in patients affected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital (Sakarya, Turkey) between April and August of 2020. We enrolled patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 via real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and admitted to the intensive care (Severe COVID-19; S-COVID) or non intensive care (Moderate COVID-19; M-COVID). We then analyzed the relationship of the ADMA level with various parameters between S-COVID and M-COVID groups.
Results: This study included 87 patients, comprising 43 females and 44 males, with a mean age of 61 and 71.50 years, respectively. The male/female distribution was 22/25 (46.8%/53.2%) in the M-COVID group and 22/18 (55%/45%) in the S-COVID group. The hospitalization time, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte-to-albumin ratio, international normalization ratio, D-dimer, troponin, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogen, lactate, ADMA, and mortality rate were significantly higher (p < 0.05). In contrast, lymphocyte, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, calcium, and albumin values were lower (p < 0.05) in the S-COVID group than in the M-COVID group. While the mortality rate was 55% in S-COVID patients, no mortality was detected in M-COVID patients (p < 0.05). Moreover, ADMA level was 6618 ± 3000 (6400) in S-COVID patients and 5365 ± 3571 (3130) in M-COVID patients, indicating a statistically significant difference (p = 0.012).
Conclusion: The asymmetric dimethylarginine level increases in severe outcomes; hence, it can potentially predict severity in patients with COVID-19.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5327
How to cite this:Karacaer C, Yaylaci S, Demirci T, Cekic D, Suner KO, Cokluk E, et al. Association of mortality and endothelial dysfunction with serum ADMA level in COVID-19 patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5327
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Health Related Quality of Life amongst Sewerage and Sanitary Workers of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Fatmi Syed Ishtiaq Ahmed , Mansoori Naveed , Mubeen Syed Muhammad 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To find out the impact of occupational and socio-demographic factors on the health related quality of life of sewerage and sanitary workers in Karachi.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2019. Four hundred workers were chosen from five districts of Karachi using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. An Urdu version of WHO BRIEF quality of life questionnaire was used to collect the data about workers general health status and quality of life. Descriptive analysis was done and Chi-square test was used for the association of socio-demographic factors and quality of life. Multiple regression model was used to predict QOL of all domains. P-value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Out of 400 sanitary workers, 228 (57.0%) were sweepers and the rest 172 (43.0) were sewerage workers. The majority of the workers 321 (80.3%) were male and 246 (61.5%) were illiterate. The vast majority of the workers 386 (96.5%) were not immunized against typhoid, / hepatitis and tetanus. Ninety-one percent (91%) were not using any kind of safety gadgets while at work. Male workers, married workers of both sexes and those with some education had a little better quality of life than their counterparts. Sanitary employees likewise had a higher quality of life score than sewage workers (P-value<0.05).
Conclusion: The majority of workers, particularly sewage workers, have a very poor quality of life. Along with very bad working circumstances, their standard of living is significantly below par. They were not given any safety equipment. They were handling untreated sewage/waste with their bare hands, and they have never received a typhoid/hepatitis /tetanus vaccine.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5697
How to cite this:Fatmi SIA, Mansoori N, Mubeen SM. Health Related Quality of Life amongst Sewerage and Sanitary Workers of Karachi, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5697
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Management of concomitant strip and apical perforation in mandibular first molar
Authors: Al Attas Mustafa Hussein , Aldhelai Thiyezen Abdullah , Javed Muhammad Qasim 
Published: August 2022

Iatrogenic perforation is a complication that can occur during endodontic treatment. If left untreated, it adversely affects the prognosis of the tooth. The use of optimal magnification and appropriate repair material help in achieving favourable outcome. The current case report illustrates the management of concomitant strip and apical perforation in the mesial canals of lower first molar of 13 years old paediatric patient. The management of perforations was done with MTA under 25x magnification of a dental operating microscope. The periapical radiograph and clinical investigations revealed complete bone formation at the furcal area adjacent to the repaired strip perforation and ossification of the apical lesion indicating a favourable healing outcome at 18 months of follow up.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.6009
How to cite this:Al-Attas MH, Aldhelai TA, Javed MQ. Management of concomitant strip and apical perforation in mandibular first molar. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.6009
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.