bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced ech-6 expression attenuates fat-induced lifespan shortening in C. elegans
Authors: Liu Yasmine J. , Gao Arwen W. , Smith Reuben L. , Janssens Georges E. , Panneman Daan M. , Jongejan Aldo , van Weeghel Michel , Vaz Frédéric M. , Silvestrini Melissa J. , Lapierre Louis R. , MacInnes Alyson W. , Houtkooper Riekelt H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeregulated energy homeostasis represents a hallmark of aging and results from complex gene-by-environment interactions. Here, we discovered that reducing the expression of the gene ech-6 encoding enoyl-CoA hydratase remitted fat diet-induced deleterious effects on lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans, while a basal expression of ech-6 was important for survival under normal dietary conditions. Lipidomics revealed that supplementation of fat in ech-6-silenced worms had marginal effects on lipid profiles, suggesting an alternative fat utilization for energy production. Transcriptomics further suggest a causal relation between the lysosomal pathway, energy production, and the longevity effect conferred by the interaction between ech-6 and fat diets. Indeed, enhancing energy production from endogenous fat by overexpressing lysosomal lipase lipl-4 recapitulated the lifespan effects of fat diets on ech-6-silenced worms. Collectively, these results suggest that the gene ech-6 is potential modulator of metabolic flexibility and may be a target for promoting metabolic health and longevity.
The role of the double layer for the pseudocapacitance of the hydrogen adsorption on platinum
Authors: Schalenbach Maximilian , Durmus Y. Emre , Tempel Hermann , Kungl Hans , Eichel Rüdiger-A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPseudocapacitances such as the hydrogen adsorption on platinum (HAoPt) are associated with faradaic chemical processes that appear as capacitive in their potentiodynamic response, which was reported to result from the kinetics of adsorption processes. This study discusses an alternative interpretation of the partly capacitive response of the HAoPt that is based on the proton transport of ad- or desorbed hydrogen in the double layer. Potentiodynamic perturbations of equilibrated surface states of the HAoPt lead to typical double layer responses with the characteristic resistive–capacitive relaxations that overshadow the fast adsorption kinetics. A potential-dependent double layer representation by a dynamic transmission line model incorporates the HAoPt in terms of capacitive contributions and can computationally reconstruct the charge exchanged in full range cyclic voltammetry data. The coupling of charge transfer with double layer dynamics displays a novel physicochemical theory to explain the phenomenon of pseudocapacitance and the mechanisms in thereon based supercapacitors.
The unresolved definition of the pressure-viscosity coefficient
Authors: Bair Scott 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the classical approach to elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) a single parameter, the pressure-viscosity coefficient, quantifies the isothermal pressure dependence of the viscosity for use in prediction of film thickness. Many definitions are in current use. Progress toward a successful definition of this property has been hampered by the refusal of those working in classical EHL to acknowledge the existence of accurate measurements of the piezoviscous effect that have existed for nearly a century. The Hamrock and Dowson pressure-viscosity coefficient at high temperature requires knowledge of the piezoviscous response at pressures which exceed the inlet pressure and may exceed the Hertz pressure. The definition of pressure-viscosity coefficient and the assumed equation of state must limit the use of the classical formulas, including Hamrock and Dowson, to liquids with high Newtonian limit and to low temperature. Given that this problem has existed for at least fifty years without resolution, it is reasonable to conclude that there is no definition of pressure-viscosity coefficient that will quantify the piezoviscous response for an analytical calculation of EHL film thickness at temperatures above ambient.
Evaluation of parameters for fetal behavioural state classification
Authors: Semeia Lorenzo , Sippel Katrin , Moser Julia , Preissl Hubert 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFetal behavioural states (fBS) describe periods of fetal wakefulness and sleep and are commonly defined by features such as body and eye movements and heart rate. Automatic state detection through algorithms relies on different parameters and thresholds derived from both the heart rate variability (HRV) and the actogram, which are highly dependent on the specific datasets and are prone to artefacts. Furthermore, the development of the fetal states is dynamic over the gestational period and the evaluation usually only separated into early and late gestation (before and after 32 weeks). In the current work, fBS detection was consistent between the classification algorithm and visual inspection in 87 fetal magnetocardiographic data segments between 27 and 39 weeks of gestational age. To identify how automated fBS detection could be improved, we first identified commonly used parameters for fBS classification in both the HRV and the actogram, and investigated their distribution across the different fBS. Then, we calculated a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve to determine the performance of each parameter in the fBS classification. Finally, we investigated the development of parameters over gestation through linear regression. As a result, the parameters derived from the HRV have a higher classification accuracy compared to those derived from the body movement as defined by the actogram. However, the overlapping distributions of several parameters across states limit a clear separation of states based on these parameters. The changes over gestation of the HRV parameters reflect the maturation of the fetal autonomic nervous system. Given the higher classification accuracy of the HRV in comparison to the actogram, we suggest to focus further research on the HRV. Furthermore, we propose to develop probabilistic fBS classification approaches to improve classification in less prototypical datasets.
The hand grip force test as a measure of physical function in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Cigarán-Méndez Margarita , Úbeda-D’Ocasar Edurne , Arias-Buría José Luis , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Gallego-Sendarrubias Gracia María , Valera-Calero Juan Antonio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have reported the presence of muscle weakness in women with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) which is considered a risk factor for developing earlier disability and dependence during activities of daily life (ADL). We aimed to assess the relationship between hand grip force with sociodemographic, clinical, disease-specific, cognitive, and physical function variables in women with FMS. One hundred twenty-six women with FMS completed demographic (age, gender, height, weight, body mass index), pain-related (pain history, pain intensity at rest and during ADL), disease-specific severity (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire -FIQ-S-, Fibromyalgia Health Assessment Questionnaire -FHAQ-, EuroQol-5D, Pain Catastrophizing Scale -PCS-, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-PSQI-, Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire -PVAQ-, and Central Sensitization Inventory -CSI-), psychological (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, TKS-11; Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire, PVAQ; Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PCS), and physical function (hand grip force, and Timed Up and Go Test, TUG). Hand grip force was associated with height (r = −0.273), BMI (r = 0.265), worst pain at rest (r = −0.228), pain during ADL (r = −0.244), TUG (r = −0.406), FHAQ (r = −0.386), EuroQol-5D (r = 0.353), CSI (r = −0.321) and PSQI (r = −0.250). The stepwise regression analysis revealed that 34.4% of hand grip force was explained by weight (6.4%), TUG (22.2%), and FHAQ (5.8%) variables. This study found that hand grip force is associated with physical function indicators, but not with fear-avoidance behaviors nor pain-related features of FMS. Hand grip force could be considered as an easy tool for identifying the risk of fall and poorer physical health status.
Focusing on cognitive potential as the bright side of mental atypicality
Authors: Colzato Lorenza S. , Beste Christian , Hommel Bernhard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStandard accounts of mental health are based on a “deficit view” solely focusing on cognitive impairments associated with psychiatric conditions. Based on the principle of neural competition, we suggest an alternative. Rather than focusing on deficits, we should focus on the cognitive potential that selective dysfunctions might bring with them. Our approach is based on two steps: the identification of the potential (i.e., of neural systems that might have benefited from reduced competition) and the development of corresponding training methods, using the testing-the-limits approach. Counterintuitively, we suggest to train not only the impaired function but on the function that might have benefitted or that may benefit from the lesser neural competition of the dysfunctional system.
Long-term relative survival in uveal melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stålhammar Gustav , Herrspiegel Christina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
A large proportion of patients with uveal melanoma develop metastases and succumb to their disease. Reports on the size of this proportion vary considerably.

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were searched for articles published after 1980. Studies with ≥100 patients reporting ≥five-year relative survival rates were included. Studies solely reporting Kaplan-Meier estimates and cumulative incidences were not considered, due to risk for competing risk bias and classification errors. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects and weighted averages models, as well as a combined estimate based on curve fitting.

Results
Nine studies and a total of 18 495 patients are included. Overall, the risk of selective reporting bias is low. Relative survival rates vary across the population of studies (I2 48 to 97% and Qp < 0.00001 to 0.15), likely due to differences in baseline characteristics and the large number of patients included (τ2 < 0.02). The 30-year relative survival rates follow a cubic curve that is well fitted to data from the random-effects inverse-variance and weighted average models (R2 = 0.95, p = 7.19E−7). The estimated five, ten, 15, 20, 25 and 30-year relative survival rates are 79, 66, 60, 60, 62 and 67%, respectively.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that about two in five of all patients with uveal melanoma ultimately succumb to their disease. This indicates a slightly better prognosis than what is often assumed, and that patients surviving 20 years or longer may have a survival advantage to individuals of the same sex and age from the general population.
Remarks on component factors in graphs
Authors: Dai Guowei 
Published: March 2022

For a family of connected graphs ℱ, a spanning subgraph H of a graph G is called an ℱ-factor of G if its each component is isomorphic to an element of ℱ. In particular, H is called an Sk-factor of G if ℱ = {K1,1, K1,2,…,K1,k}, where integer k ≥ 2; H is called a P≥3-factor of G if every component in ℱ is a path of order at least three. As an extension of Sk-factors, the induced star-factor (i.e., ISk-factor) is a spanning subgraph each component of which is an induced subgraph isomorphic to some graph in ℱ = {K1,1, K1,2,…,K1,k}. In this paper, we firstly prove that a graph G has an Sk-factor if and only if its isolated toughness I(G) ≥ 1/k. Secondly, we prove that a planar graphs G has an S2-factors if its minimum degree δ(G) ≥ 3. Thirdly, we give two sufficient conditions for graphs with ISk-factors by toughness and minimum degree, respectively. Additionally, we obtain three special classes of graphs admitting P≥3-factors.
Robotik – was geht in der Chirurgie?
Authors: Hillebrandt Karl H. , Schmelzle Moritz , Sauer Igor M. , Pratschke Johann 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie roboterassistierte Chirurgie hat sich in den letzten Jahren deutlich weiterentwickelt und wurde in immer mehr Teilbereichen der Chirurgie als fester Bestandteil des operativen Spektrums
implementiert. Dieser Beitrag legt den aktuellen Stand der roboterassistierten Chirurgie in Bereichen der Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Thoraxchirurgie unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen
Literatur dar.
Ambulanter Lungensport und körperliches Training bei Patienten mit Atemwegs- und Lungenkrankheiten
Authors: Worth Heinrich 
Published: March 2022

SummaryUmderzuseltengenutztenBehandlungsoption„Bewegungstherapie“beiPatientenmitchronischenLungenkrankheiteneinebessereNutzungundeinegrößereVerbreitungzu ermöglichen, wurden von einer ExpertengruppeausSportwissenschaftlern,SporttherapeutenundPneumologenEmpfehlungenzurDurchführungvonambulantem,wohnortnahemLungensportinGruppenverfasst.DiepositivenEffektevonSportundkörperlichemTrainingbeiAsthma,COPD,interstitiellenLungenkrankheiten,Mukoviszidose,LungenkarzinomundpulmonalerHypertoniewerdendargestellt.UnterBerücksichtigungdergesetzlichenGrundlagenwerdendienotwendigenVoraussetzungenderPatientenfürdieTeilnahmeamambulantenLungensport,denAufbauvonÜbungseinheitensowiedieÜberwachungderTeilnehmerdurchspeziellausgebildeteÜbungsleiterinAbhängigkeitvonSchwereundArtderLungenkrankheitdargestellt.Hinweise fürdenAufbau,dieOrganisationunddieKostenerstattungvonLungensportgruppensollendieVerbreitung des ambulanten Lungensports fördern. SchließlichwirdauchaufSicherheitsaspektederteilnehmendenPatientenunterEinschlussdesInfektionsrisikosmitSARS-CoV-2 eingegangen.
Letter to the Editor on: “The Effects of Physical Exercise on
Tumor Vasculature: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.”
Authors: Seet-Lee C. , Morahan H. , Yee J. , Edwards KM. 
Published: March 2022

Dear Editor,We read with interest the recent article “The Effects of Physical Exercise on
Tumor Vasculature: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis” 1 and after careful appraisal and consideration we
feel that some aspects of the data and analysis warrant further review. The study
reported some promising results, namely that both chronic and acute exercise appear
to improve intratumoral vascularisation in animal models. This is an important
finding given increased vascularisation through tumor modulation may have the
potential to improve chemotherapy delivery and efficacy 2. However, after conducting further investigations, we query several
details in the data extraction and analysis decision-making that we believe impact
the conclusions of this article.
Der Ablauf der Tabakentwöhnung
Authors: Grebe Wolfgang , Grebe Alexander 
Published: March 2022

SummaryImmer mehr Menschen in Deutschland sind bereit, ihren Tabakkonsum zu reduzieren. Diese Chancen gilt es, in der täglichen Beratung der Patienten zu nutzen. Die Autoren stellen ihr Vorgehen und ihre Patientenschulung vor. Sie bieten auch Seminare zur Tabakentwöhnung für Ärzte als Kursleiter an. Der zertifizierte Kurs dient zum Erwerb des Tätigkeitsschwerpunktes gem. § 27 (4-3) der Berufsordnung.
Electrical Status Epilepticus in Slow Wave Sleep: Prospective Case Study of a Cortical Hearing Impairment
Authors: Fowler Cynthia G. , Kile Jack E. , Hecox Kurt E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe development of a central hearing impairment is described in a young girl with risk factors for hearing impairment that included mosaic Down syndrome, leukemia, and chemotherapy. This case is unusual in the prospective regularity with which hearing was assessed from birth. The diagnosis is electrical status epilepticus in slow wave sleep, a rare childhood disorder, which was associated with lack of responsiveness to auditory signals, regression of emerging speech and language and other cognitive skills, and abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in both hemispheres. Treatment of the disorder with anticonvulsant medications and steroids has ameliorated the condition by suppressing the abnormal EEG activity and allowing substantial improvements in cognitive and social skills, although communication skills are improving more slowly.
Abbreviations: ABR = auditory brainstem response, CPA = conditioned play audiometry, CSWS = continuous spikes and waves during slow wave sleep, EEG = electroencephalography, ESES = electrical status epilepticus of slow wave sleep, LKS = Landau-Kleffner syndrome, MRI = magnetic resonance imaging, MRL = minimal response level, REM = rapid eye movement, TEOAEs = transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, VRA = visual reinforcement audiometry
Paradoxes of Inclusion: Adverse Effects of Inclusive Interventions in Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebru Kebede Manjur , Rammelt Crelis , Leung Maggi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe involvement of smallholders in various inclusive business models (IBMs) is being widely promoted in Ethiopia. The inclusion, exclusion and distribution effects of IBMs must be better understood, however, in order to make them more impactful. This study, which was carried out in three districts in northern Ethiopia, employed a mixed methods approach. Our results show that inclusion and exclusion are both complex and multidimensional. A focus on transaction costs, productive resource endowments and chain governance is crucial for enhancing smallholders’ inclusion. Our results further indicate that income obtained from participation in IBMs is unequally distributed. The benefits of IBMs vary according to the underlying position of the smallholder. Hence, inclusive development interventions should acknowledge the various positions of smallholders and consider how their positions shape social relations locally. The paper thus reveals the various dimensions, contradictory tendencies, hidden costs and side effects of IBMs.
Cross-pollination and pollen storage to assist conservation of Metrosideros bartlettii (Myrtaceae), a critically endangered tree from Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: van der Walt Karin , Alderton-Moss Jennifer , Lehnebach Carlos A. 
Published: March 2022

Context Metrosideros bartlettii is one of the most threatened trees in New Zealand and with less than 14 individuals spread across three populations, the species is at high risk of extinction. Despite reproductive failure being identified as one of the factors contributing to population decline, little is known about its pollination biology. Aim The current study aimed to gain knowledge of the reproductive biology of M. bartlettii by using trees in cultivation of which origin is known. Methods We tested the effect of self-pollination, cross-pollination and hybridisation treatments on reproductive output. In addition, the viability of fresh pollen was determined for each tree and the impact of desiccation and storage temperature (5°C, −18°C and −196°C) on pollen viability assessed. Key results Metrosideros bartlettii was found to be highly self-incompatible with seed formed via autonomous self-pollination having low viability. Hybridisation with Metrosideros excelsa, another native species commonly found in cultivation, produced viable seeds, but seedlings failed to survive. Pollen viability differed significantly among trees, and pollen stored at −18°C and −196°C retained viability after 6 months. Conclusion Metrosideros bartlettii is self-incompatible and cross-pollination is required to increase seed production and supplement wild populations. Implications Trees in cultivation provide a valuable tool for the conservation of M. bartlettii. However, cross-pollination is essential to prevent hybridisation and ensure genetically robust seed. Long-term storage of pollen at the temperatures determined here will help to overcome challenges in cross-pollination of trees that are spatially and geographically isolated.
Effect of layer sliding on the interfacial electronic properties of intercalated silicene/indium selenide van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: Yousaf Masood , Younis M W , Jbara Ahmed S , Junaid Iqbal Khan M , Murtaza G , Saeed M A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Methods capable of tuning the properties of van der Waals (vdW) layered materials in a controlled and reversible manner are highly desirable. Interfacial electronic properties of two-dimensional vdW heterostructure consisting of silicene and indium selenide (InSe) have been calculated using density functional theory-based computational code. Furthermore, in order to vary the aforementioned properties, silicene is slid over a InSe layer in the presence of Li intercalation. On intercalation of the heterostructure, the buckling parameter associated with the corrugation of silicene decreases from 0.44 Å to 0.36 Å, whereas the InSe structure remains unaffected. Potential energy scans reveal a significant increase in the sliding energy barrier for the case of intercalated heterostructure as compared with the unintercalated heterostructure. The sliding of the silicene encounters the maximum energy barrier of 0.14 eV. Anisotropic analysis shows the noteworthy differences between calculated in-plane and out-of-plane part of dielectric function. A variation of the planar average charge density difference, dipole charge transfer and dipole moment have been discussed to elucidate the usability spectrum of the heterostructure. The employed approach based on intercalation and layer sliding can be effectively utilized for obtaining next-generation multifunctional devices.
Characterization of small active detectors for electronic brachytherapy dosimetry
Authors: Garcia Yip F. , Schneider T. , Reginatto M. , Behrens R. , Buermann L. , Grote F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Three active detectors, Exradin A26 chamber, IBA RAZOR Nano
chamber, and PTW 60019 microDiamond, were characterized for their
use in electronic BrachyTherapy (eBT) dosimetry. The detectors were
calibrated in terms of air kerma using the ISO “N” (narrow) and
“TW” (therapy) X-rays series from 7.5 kV to 100 kV. The responses
to mono-energetic photons and their uncertainties were determined
with Bayesian parameter estimation, assuming a model that
incorporated smoothness via a spline function. The response
functions obtained this way are consistent with 18 calibration
qualities simultaneously. This approach improves on the traditional
procedure of associating the response to the mean energy of the
corresponding spectra. The energy responses (with uncertainties)
were obtained in 0.25 keV energy steps from 6 keV to
70 keV. With differences in magnitude due to their sizes and the
nature of their active volumes, the energy responses of the 3
detectors follow a similar relative behaviour. Even when the
response is far from flat at low energies, i.e. below about
20 keV, the determination of reliable energy dependence curves
enables the use of these detectors for dosimetry in the vicinity of
eBT units. The angular dependence of the three detectors with
respect to beam incidence was also measured in air in a 180°
range in steps of 10° using the Zeiss INTRABEAM system (50
kV). For both energy and angular response characterization, the
detectors axis were aligned in parallel with the beam axis (end-on),
since this is the expected orientation in further measurements of
absorbed dose distribution in water around eBT sources at PTB. This
work is an effort to provide traceability for detectors and
measurement procedures for the determination of 3D dose
distributions as part of the ongoing European EMPIR project
“Primary standards and traceable measurement methods for X-ray
emitting electronic brachytherapy devices” (PRISM-eBT)”.