bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Déficiences auditives dues à l’usage des baladeurs numériques chez les élèves des Humanités : étude transversale du Groupe Scolaire du Mont Amba à Kinshasa
Authors: Mbuinga Dominique Binda , Mpwate Mireille Avilaw , Matanda Richard Nzanza 
Published: February 2022

Context and objectives. Excessive exposure to noise is the leading cause of hearing loss in recreational settings in adolescents. However, data on hearing loss linked to the use of digital music players remain scarce in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess the degree of hearing loss due to the use of digital music among high school students. Methods. An analytical cross-sectional study involving 511 consecutive candidates and 814 ears, attending the Mont Amba school Group in Kinshasa was conducted between November 2016 and May 2017. Sociodemographic, clinical and audiometric data were analyzed. Student t-test was used to compare the averages. Results. The prevalence of hearing loss was 16.9%. The average hearing loss was 16.2 ± 3.7 dB. The average age of students understudy was 16.9 ± 1.2 years. The main clinical signs observed were tingling in the ears (27.8%) and tinnitus (27.2%). Hearing loss was more pronounced when sound intensity was significantly greater than 85 dBA (p = 0.02) and the listening time more than one hour per day (p = 0.03). Conclusion. the use of digital music players is a common cause of hearing loss in adolescents. Hence, it is imperative to put in place preventive and awareness measures for behavior change in young people.
Contexte et objectifs. L’exposition excessive aux bruits des baladeurs numériques constitue, dans un cadre récréatif, la cause majeure de surdité chez les adolescents. Elle est cependant paradoxalement peu étudiée dans les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne. La présente étude a évalué le degré du déficit auditif dû à l’usage des baladeurs numérique chez les élèves des humanités. Méthodes. Cette étude transversale analytique a inclus 511 élèves et 814 oreilles du groupe scolaire du Mont Amba, entre novembre 2016 à mai 2017. Les variables sociodémographiques, cliniques et audiométriques ont été analysées. Les tests t de Student a servi à comparer les moyennes. Résultats. La prévalence du déficit auditif était de 16,9%. La perte auditive moyenne était de 16,2 ± 3,7 dB. L’âge moyen des sujets était de 16,9 ± 1,2 ans. La symptomatologie était dominée par les picotements à l’oreille (27,8%) et les acouphènes (27,2%). La perte auditive était significativement plus accentuée lorsque l’intensité du son était supérieure à 85 dBA (p=0,02) et une durée d’écoute de plus d’une heure par jour (p=0,03). Conclusion. L’usage des baladeurs numériques constitue une cause fréquente de surdité chez les adolescents. D’où la nécessité de mettre en place de mesures préventives et de sensibilisation pour le changement de comportement chez les jeunes.
Malaria rapid diagnostic test positivity rate among febrile patients seen at the Paediatric emergency unit of a tertiary care facility
Authors: Obu D.C. , Asiegbu U.V. , Okereke B.E. , Ukoh U.C. , Ujunwa F.A. , Afefi C.O. , Enya V.E. , Item S. , Efunshile A.M. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Malaria, a life-threatening parasitic disease transmitted to humans by the female Anopheles mosquito is one of the infectious causes of fever in children. In Nigeria, malaria remains one of the most important health problems, accounting for 25% of infants and 30% of under-five mortalities. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria among febrile children presenting at the children's emergency room (CHER) of a tertiary health facility in Abakaliki using a malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT).
Methodology: This was a retrospective study that involved children presenting with fever in CHER over a 3-year period. A total of 1,273 febrile children below 18 years of age were tested with a malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) kit during this period. Medical records of the patients were assessed to retrieve information such as age, gender, and clinical diagnoses. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: A total of 707 (55.5%) were males and 883 (69.4%) were below 5 years of age. The overall prevalence of malaria by the mRDT test was 26% (n=331). Uncomplicated malaria, 283 (22.2%) was the commonest clinical diagnosis made while the least was malnutrition 3 (0.2%). Children aged 10-<18 years were predominantly affected as mRDT positivity rate was significantly higher in children age group 10-<18 years (40.4% 76/189) than other age groups (X2=44.76, p<0.001). Similarly, the rate was significantly higher (OR 9.625, 95% CI 7.233-12.808, p<0.0001) in children with the clinical diagnosis of malaria (55.2%, 235/426) than those with the clinical diagnosis of other illnesses (11.3%, 96/847), and significantly higher (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.1186-0.3043, p<0.0001) among those clinically diagnosed with complicated (79.7%, 114/143) than those with uncomplicated malaria (42.8%, 121/283).
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of malaria among febrile children presenting at the CHER of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki. Children age group 10-<18 years were predominantly affected. The use of mRDT should be encouraged both as a screening and diagnostic tool with a protocol such that febrile children who have positive results are confirmed as having malaria while those with negative results are further evaluated with microscopy.
Identification of key bioactive anti-migraine constituents of Asari radix et rhizoma using network pharmacology and nitroglycerin-induced migraine rat model
Authors: Huang Ting , Dai Zhong-Hua , Long Fei , Lei Yu-Tian , Yuan Mao-Hua , Jiang Gui-Hua 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To elucidate the bioactive constituents of Asari radix et rhizoma (ARR) in treating migraine based on network pharmacology and nitroglycerin-induced migraine rat model.
Methods: The potential bioactive constituents of ARR were identified with the aid of literature retrieval and virtual screening, and the migraine-related hub genes were identified using protein-protein interaction and topology analyses. Then, the interaction between the potential bioactive constituents and hub genes was determined with molecular docking and topology, leading to the prediction of the anti-migraine constituents of ARR. Moreover, a rat model of nitroglycerin-induced migraine was used to confirm the prediction by measuring the frequency of head-scratching and head-shaking behavior (FHHB) in the rats. In addition, levels of nitric oxide (NO) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in blood, norepinephrine (NE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in brain were measured using appropriate commercial kits.
Results: Network pharmacology revealed that naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and higenamine might be the key anti-migraine bioactive constituents of ARR. On addition of naringenin-7-O-β-D- glucopyranoside or higenamine to ARR, there was marked enhancement of the mitigating effect of ARR on nitroglycerin-induced abnormalities in levels of NO, CGRP, 5-HT and NE, as well as FHHB in rats (p < 0.05 or 0.01).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and higenamine might be the key bioactive and anti-migraine constituents of ARR. However, in addition to naringenin-7-O-β-D- glucopyranoside and higenamine, there were many other anti-migraine constituents in ARR. Therefore, there is need for further investigations on the actual contributions of these two constituents of ARR in treating migraine.
Vasodilating effect of Hypericum revolutum (Vahl) (Clusiaceae) methanol extract in rats
Authors: Timraz Noha Z. , El-Bassossy Hany M. , Ibrahim Sabrin R.M. , El- Halawany Ali M. , Shehata Brahim A. , Aljohani Omar S. , Abdallah Hossam M. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To investigate the vasodilating effect of Hypericum revolutum Vahl (Clusiaceae) in rats.
Methods: H. revolutum aerial parts were extracted with methanol. The total methanol extract was fractionated with chloroform to yield fraction I. The remaining aqueous solution was chromatographed on Diaion HP-20 using water, 50 % methanol, and methanol to yield three fractions (II- IV). Total methanol extract and fractions I-IV were applied to phenylephrine-pre-contracted (10 μM) rat aortic rings at doses of 1, 3, and 10 μg/mL. Subsequent decreases in aortic tension were recorded by an isometric force transducer to evaluate the vasodilation. Column chromatography was utilized to separate the active components of the bioactive fraction.
Results: Remarkable decreases in aortic tension (p<0.05) revealed that fraction I (3 and 10 μg/mL) produced a vasodilating effect, whereas fractions III and IV did not possess any substantial effect. Vasodilation induced by fraction I was endothelial-dependent because it was significantly (p<0.05) blocked by endothelial denudation. Phytochemical inspection of fraction I led to the isolation of β- sitosterol (1), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (euxanthone) (2), and 2,3,4-tirmethoxy xanthone (3).
Conclusion: Fraction I of the H. revolutum extract was responsible for its vasodilating effect. This fraction may be used as a possible anti-hypertensive preparation after in vivo testing and successful clinical trials.
Evaluation of impact of pharmaceutical care services on cardiologist adherence to hypertension Guidelines JNC 7: A critical prospect for rational use of drugs in Pakistan
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Massom , Waheed Akbar , Farooq Muhammad Shahid , Shamim Rahat , Batool Narjis , Hakeem Ammara , Nadeem Muhammad Umer , Saleem Zikria 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To assess the adherence of cardiologists to JNC7 and the impact of pharmacists in reducing clinical inertia by managing high blood pressure in the cardiology out-patient department of the Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Methods: This was a pre- and post-interventional prospective study in which data was abstracted from patients’ history notes or prescription of selected patients at baseline and follow-up visits by applying a reliable tool. The data were abstracted again from the same patients to evaluate the cardiologists’ adherence with the same parameters after 2,4 and 6 months. The sample size for this study was 116 patients and descriptive statistics were used for categorical variables. For the comparison of cardiologist’s adherence to JNC7, means and paired ‘t’ test were used at the level of 0.05 significance.
Results: At baseline, the mean overall percentage of cardiologists’ adherence to JNC7 was 46.7 ± 18.9 %. This significantly improved to 98.8 ± 6.0 % after 2 months of the pharmacist intervening by way of discussions with cardiologists. The cardiologists’ adherence was further improved to 100 % after 4 and 6 months.
Conclusion: Improvement in cardiologists’ adherence to JNC 7 guidelines and involvement of the pharmacist enhance the documentation of BP goal, lifestyle modifications and uncontrolled BP. All these helps to overcome clinical inertia that ultimately leads to better BP control and rational use of medicines.
Comparison of the safety and clinical efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and α-glucosidase inhibitor among Chinese people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hu Qinjin , Zhu Jingjing 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of once-weekly prescription of GLP-1 receptor agonists (adlyxin) with those of α-glucosidase inhibitor (voglibose) and other reference drugs (RD).
Methods: A total of 1250 stable diabetes-mellitus patients from the Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China were enrolled in this study between Feb 2018 and Jan 2020. They were treated using physical exercise and diet chart therapy. The patients were assigned to three different groups and administered GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) or glucosidase inhibitor (voglibose) and other reference drugs (RDs). The safety and efficacy of these drugs were compared. The primary endpoint was the number of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), while the secondary endpoints were based on symptomatic hypoglycaemic episodes and other biochemical parameters.
Results: Patients who used α-glucosidase inhibitors had the highest percentage of TEAEs, when compared to those on GLP-1RAs and RDs (p < 0.05). No specific cases of severe hypoglycaemia were observed among all the groups. Users of adlyxin also achieved significant glycaemic control at the end of the study period, when compared to voglibose users, with a mean HbA1c baseline of 8.2 % (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: These results indicate that the GLP-1 receptor agonist adlyxin achieved good glycaemic control. Thus, it has beneficial potential for use among type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population.
Rhotekin 2 promotes progression of endometrial carcinoma by activating Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway
Authors: Hu Ting , Wang Min , Zeng Jing , Wang Xiaoli , Gu Hangzhi 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To investigate the expression of rhotekin 2 (RTKN2) in human endometrial carcinoma tissues and its role in cancer progression.
Methods: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunoblot assays were performed to determine the expression of RTKN2 in endometrial carcinoma tissues and cells. The effects of RTKN2 on cell proliferation were assessed using cell counting kit-8 and EdU assays, while its effects on cell cycle and apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. The involvement of RTKN2 in activating Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) pathway was characterized using an immunoblot assay. Tumor growth assays were performed to assess the effects of RTKN2 on the progression of endometrial carcinoma in vivo, while protein expression in tumor tissues was determined by an immunohistochemical assay.
Results: High expression of RTKN2 was found in human endometrial carcinoma tissues and cell lines (p < 0.05). RTKN2 promoted the proliferation and cell cycle of endometrial carcinoma cells in vitro and suppressed apoptosis (p < 0.05). RTKN2 also activated Akt/GSK3β pathway in endometrial carcinoma cells and thus promoted tumor growth in vivo.
Conclusion: The involvement of RTKN2 in the progression of endometrial carcinoma has been confirmed in this study. RTKN2 is thus a promising therapeutic target for patients with this disease.
Ormosanine confers protection on neuronal function via regulation of inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress
Authors: Liang Juping , Dong Jicun , Yang Yang 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of ormosanine on rat model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the mechanism(s) of action involved.
Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups (10 rats/group): control group, AD group, 25 mg ormosanine/kg group, and 50 mg ormosanine/kg group. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was induced in the rats via intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of amyloid-β (Aβ)25-35 at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Cognitive function was determined by Morris water maze test (MWMT), while lipid profile, oxidative stress parameters and cytokine level were assayed using their respective assay kits. The levels of monoamines were determined in brain tissues using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to determine apoptosis in neuronal cells.
Results: Cognitive function was significantly improved (p < 0.05) in ormosanine treated group than AD group of rats. Ormosanine significantly and dose-dependently reduced lipid and cytokines levels as well as activities of AST and ALT, but it significantly increased the level of HDL-C in a dose-dependent fashion (p < 0.05). Moreover, ormosanine significantly and dose-dependently increased SOD activity, but reduced MDA level and neuronal cell apoptosis in brain tissues of AD rats (p < 0.05). Treatment of AD rats with ormosanine led to significant and dose-dependent increase in the levels of monoamines and BDNF in rat brain tissues (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: These results show that ormosanine confers protection on neuronal function via regulation of inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress, and therefore, could potentially be developed for the management of Alzheimer’s disease.
Prevalence and roles of vice-chairs in schools and colleges of pharmacy
Authors: Yamzon Joycelyn , Pham David Q , Hess Karl 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The activities and roles of vice-chairs (VC) in academic medicine are described in the literature but are not presently known in academic pharmacy.
Aim: The objectives of this pilot study were to determine the prevalence of VC, describe the roles and responsibilities of VC in various departments, and evaluate why some institutions may not have VC.
Methods: A Qualtrics survey was sent to all pharmacy school Deans from October to November 2018. Survey results were analysed using qualitative and quantitative methods.
Results: Based on the 49.6% response rate, the overall prevalence of VC was estimated to be 41%. The primary reason for VC was to support the department chair and responsibilities included faculty mentorship, development, and evaluations. Fifty-five per cent of those without VC stated the position was not perceived as needed.
Conclusion: VC are not widely utilised by pharmacy schools. For institutions considering VC, they may help offset the department chair’s workload.
Recommendations for implementing work-integrated learning in South African schools of pharmacy
Authors: Kotzé Irma , Reitsma Gerda , Botha René 
Published: February 2022

Aim: Pharmacy schools in South Africa need to prove compliance with work-integrated learning (WIL) as articulated in the Good Pharmacy Education Standards (GPES). This study aims to determine the current status of WIL in South African schools of pharmacy.
Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with heads of pharmacy schools regarding the challenges experienced with the implementation of WIL.
Results: Four of the possible nine heads of South African schools of pharmacy participated in the study. Categories and subcategories were identified under the theme ‘challenges of WIL’.
Conclusion: Findings showed that pharmacy schools in South Africa comply partially with WIL requirements. Possible reasons for partial compliance are challenges experienced relating to resources, campus-based infrastructure and service providers. Based on this study’s findings, the authors present several recommendations for the implementation of WIL in South African pharmacy schools.
ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA:
Authors: Martins Fernanda Pereira , Cury Raquel Balli 
Published: February 2022

Este artigo é produto de um conjunto de reflexões realizadas em turmas de 8º e 9º ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola da rede particular de ensino em Ituiutaba/MG. Ao compreender que o uso adequado de conceitos é condição sine qua non para a leitura da realidade e transformação da mesma, procurou-se analisar e identificar como os educandos percebem um conceito no ensino de Geografia: o de Paisagem. Para tanto, foi executado um questionário e, posteriormente, uma roda de conversa para discutir o conceito paisagem e compreender a percepção dos discentes sobre essa categoria. Observou-se que nas atividades diagnósticas os alunos descreveram a paisagem representada pela imagem escolhida, identificando os elementos visíveis enfatizando aquilo que lhes parecia ser natural, excluindo o antropizado. Pode-se inferir com o estudo que é preciso uma prática docente alicerçada em metodologias que oportunizem a apreensão dos conceitos geográficos de forma efetiva, levando os alunos a questionar, problematizar e intervir na realidade vivida, oportunizando a construção dos conceitos, das categorias geográficas de análise de forma significativa, ampliando a percepção do aluno acerca do contexto em que está inserido.
Palavras-chave
Educação, Geografia, Categoria, Paisagem.

GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION: student’s perception of the landscape analysis category
Abstract
This article is the product of a set of reflections made in 8th and 9th grade classes of elementary school in the private school system in Ituiutaba/MG. Understanding that the proper use of concepts is a sine qua non condition for reading and transforming the reality, we tried to analyze and identify how students perceive a specific concept, that of landscape. To this, a questionnaire was carried out and, subsequently, a conversation circle to discuss the landscape concept and understand their perception of this category. It was observed that in the diagnostic activities, students described a landscape represented by the chosen image, identifying the elements emphasizing what seemed to be natural, excluding the anthropized. It can be inferred from the study that a teaching practice based on methodologies that provide opportunities for the apprehension of geographical concepts in an effective way is necessary, leading students to question, problematize and intervene in the lived reality, providing opportunities for the construction of concepts, of the geographical categories of analysis significantly, expanding the student's perception of the context in which they are inserted.
Keywords
Education, Geography, Landscape, Category.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PRODUKSI DI PT. BUANA TUNAS SEJAHTERA
Authors: Cristian Dimas Priyo , Sesario R , Sutignya T.C.W.A 
Published: February 2022

Compensation and job satisfaction are factors that affect employee performance in achieving a company's goals. Employee performance is one of the factors that influence a company's success rate. This study aims to determine the effect of compensation and job satisfaction on the performance of production employees at PT. Buana Tunas Sejahtera. The purpose of this study was to discover the effect of compensation and job satisfaction on the performance of PT. Buana Tunas Sejahtera Seriang Mill located in Kapuas Hulu Regency, Badau District. The Multiple Linear Regression uses Analysis with a sample of 30 respondents production employees. Research analysis tool is a questionnaire with a Likert scale using SPSS version 22. The results in this compensation study did not affect employee performance with negative t test results, then job satisfaction had a significant effect on employee performance with positive T test results. Compensation and job satisfaction together have a significant positive effect on employee performance.
Pengaruh Tata Letak Produksi Terhadap Efisiensi Usaha dan Daya Saing UD. Barokah Lamongan
Authors: Handayani Wiwik , Hilmansyah Ival Abdi 
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of a number of factors that influence the provision of going concern audit opinions on manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In this study, the factors that are thought to influence the provision of going concern audit opinions consist of audit tenure, opinion shopping, audit delay and financial distress. The data analysis method used is binary logistic regression. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it was found that audit tenure and opinion shopping had no significant effect on going concern audit opinions on manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, while audit delay and financial distress had a significant effect on going concern audit opinions on manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh sejumlah faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian opini audit going concern pada perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini faktor yang diduga mepengaruhi pemberian opini audit going concern terdiri dari audit tenure, opinion shoping, audit delay dan financial distress. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi binary logistic. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis ditemukan audit tenure dan opinion shoping tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap opini audit going concern pada perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia, sedangkan audit delay dan financial distress berpengaruh signifikan terhadap opini audit going concern pada perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia.