bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Masturbation parameters related to orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationships: Differences between men and women
Authors: Cervilla Oscar , Sierra Juan Carlos 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveMasturbation is a behavior that can enhance sexual functioning. This study aims to analyze differences between men and women in different masturbation parameters, and to examine their relation with orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationships.MethodOne thousand three hundred and thirty-fifth men and women from the Spanish population aged 18–83 years (M= 36.91;SD= 11.86) participated in an online survey. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic. Sexual history data, negative attitude toward masturbation, solitary sexual desire and orgasm subjective experience upon masturbation were assessed. Given the differences between men and women, independent regression models are proposed to explain orgasm satisfaction in the sexual relationships context.FindingsMen, compared to women, masturbated at a younger age (p&lt; 0.001), and reported higher current masturbation frequency (p&lt; 0.001) and more solitary sexual desire (p&lt; 0.001). Women reported greater intensity in the subjective orgasm experience on its Affective (p&lt; 0.001), Sensory (p&lt; 0.001) and Intimacy (p&lt; 0.001) dimensions. Regarding regression models, the Affective dimension of orgasm was a common parameter in men (β = 0.36;p&lt; 0.001) and women (β = 0.24) to explain orgasm satisfaction during sexual relationships. In men, solitary masturbation frequency (β = −0.10;p= 0.027) acquired a significant role. In women, the model also included age (β = 0.09;p= 0.038), negative attitude toward masturbation (β = −0.12;p= 0.005) and solitary sexual desire (β = −0.19;p= 0.001).ConclusionWhen dealing with men and women's orgasm difficulties in the sexual relationships context, it is important to consider the role of masturbation. In men and women, the Affective dimension of the orgasm experience explain the orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationship. Also, in men, the solitary masturbation frequency is negatively related with orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationship, supporting the compensatory hypothesis of masturbation. In women, in addition to the Affective dimension, the orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationship is explained, negatively, by the negative attitude toward masturbation, and positively, by the solitary sexual desire, which could be associated with more sexual self-knowledge. The relevance of masturbation in understanding sexual functioning is highlighted.
Altered Brain Function in Treatment-Resistant and Non-treatment-resistant Depression Patients: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Sun Jifei , Ma Yue , Chen Limei , Wang Zhi , Guo Chunlei , Luo Yi , Gao Deqiang , Li Xiaojiao , Xu Ke , Hong Yang , Hou Xiaobing , Tian Jing , Yu Xue , Wang Hongxing , Fang Jiliang , Xiao Xue 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveIn this study, we used amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) to observe differences in local brain functional activity and its characteristics in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and non-treatment-resistant depression (nTRD), and to explore the correlation between areas of abnormal brain functional activity and clinical symptoms.MethodThirty-seven patients with TRD, 36 patients with nTRD, and 35 healthy controls (HCs) were included in resting-state fMRI scans. ALFF and ReHo were used for image analysis and further correlation between abnormal brain regions and clinical symptoms were analyzed.ResultsANOVA revealed that the significantly different brain regions of ALFF and ReHo among the three groups were mainly concentrated in the frontal and temporal lobes. Compared with the nTRD group, the TRD group had decreased ALFF in the left/right inferior frontal triangular gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left cuneus and bilateral posterior lobes of the cerebellum, and increased ALFF in the left middle frontal gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus, and the TRD group had decreased ReHo in the left/right inferior frontal triangular gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and increased ReHo in the right superior frontal gyrus. Compared with the HC group, the TRD group had decreased ALFF/ReHo in both the right inferior frontal triangular gyrus and the left middle temporal gyrus. Pearson correlation analysis showed that both ALFF and ReHo values in these abnormal brain regions were positively correlated with HAMD-17 scores (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionAlthough the clinical symptoms were similar in the TRD and nTRD groups, abnormal neurological functional activity were present in some of the same brain regions. Compared with the nTRD group, ALFF and ReHo showed a wider range of brain area alterations and more complex neuropathological mechanisms in the TRD group, especially in the inferior frontal triangular gyrus of the frontal lobe and the middle temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe.
Cross-sectional investigation and correlation analysis of psychology of college students returning to campus after COVID-19 lockdown lift
Authors: Wang Zhifeng , Jiang Bing , Wang Xingtong , Niu Yi , Xue Haihong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo conduct a large cross-sectional survey of the mental health of college students during the recovery period of the COVID-19 epidemic.MethodsSymptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and COVID-19 questionnaire were used to investigate the overall mental health level and cognition of epidemic situation of college students in seven colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province.Results(1) In the recovery period of COVID-19 epidemic, college students still had psychological and somatic symptoms such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, and poor appetite or insomnia; (2) female college students, science and engineering college students, freshmen and senior graduates, and some ethnic minority college students were all groups with psychological symptoms; (3) the psychological status of college students was related to their perception of COVID-19 epidemic, and the more knowledge about epidemic prevention and control, the more confident they were in overcoming the epidemic, and the milder the psychological symptoms.ConclusionCollege students still have some mental health problems in the recovery period of COVID-19 epidemic, which should be paid attention to by education authorities and colleges and universities.
Prevalence of high-risk for obstructive sleep apnea in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children referred to psychiatry clinic and impact on quality of life
Authors: Prajsuchanai Tipkamol , Tanphaichitr Archwin , Hosiri Tikumporn , Ungkanont Kitirat , Banhiran Wish , Vathanophas Vannipa , Gozal David 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of high-risk obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children in a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic using the Thai version of the Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening Tool (POSAST) questionnaire. The secondary objective was to evaluate the quality of life and identify associated factors for high-risk OSA in ADHD children.Study designProspective cross-sectional study.Material and methodCaregivers of pediatric patients aged 5–18 years old and diagnosed with ADHD by child and adolescent psychiatrists were surveyed about their child's sleeping habits.ResultsTwo hundred and seventy-four subjects were included. The patients' mean age was 10.4 ± 2.6 years, and 82.8% were males. There were 30 children (10.9%) diagnosed with obesity, 46 (16.8%) with chronic rhinitis, and 9 (3.3%) with asthma. The median duration of ADHD symptoms was 22.1 months. The prevalence of high-risk OSA was 18.2% and was associated with significantly reduced quality of life (adjusted OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 2.26–8.81, P &lt; 0.001). A significant association between high-risk OSA and obesity also emerged (adjusted OR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.17–6.88, P = 0.021).ConclusionAn elevated prevalence of high-risk OSA is present among Thai children with ADHD, and significantly impacts quality of life. A significant association between high-risk OSA and obesity is also detected in patients with ADHD. Therefore, screening for high-risk OSA in ADHD patients may likely facilitate early detection and treatment of OSA, and potentially prevent adverse consequences.
Socioeconomic disparities between oral cavity cancer patients in Germany
Authors: Muallah David , Matschke Jan , Muallah Sophie , Klimova Anna , Kroschwald Lysann Michaela , Schröder Tom Alexander , Lauer Günter , Haim Dominik 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveIn many countries the access to high quality medical service depends on socioeconomic factors. Therefore, these factors are associated with the treatment and prognosis of many diseases. In Germany health care is claimed to be independent from such factors due to obligatory health insurance and a well-developed medical infrastructure. Thus, socioeconomically caused health disparities should be absent. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between socioeconomic factors and the survival of oral cavity cancer in Germany.Patients and methodsIn this descriptive cohort study socioeconomic status related factors as well as demographic, tumor-specific, and comorbidity factors of 500 patients treated for oral cavity cancer were obtained in the university hospital of Dresden. Pearson correlation was used to describe associations between continuous variables. Associations between categorical variables were assessed using the chi-square test. Overall and recurrence-free survival were studied using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test was carried out to test between-group differences. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the risk of death and the risk of recurrence.ResultsSignificant differences in overall survival were found between the different educational levels and sex. Seventy-nine percent of the patients did not have a university degree or master craftsman/craftswoman. Less discrepancy was observed according to the marital status (49.4% married/engaged vs. 47.8% single, divorced, or widowed). In the multivariable analysis only sex, age at diagnosis, the Charlson score, the number of positive lymph nodes, and the nodal status were identified as independent predictors for overall survival whereas sex and the age at diagnosis were identified as independent predictors for recurrence-free survival.ConclusionDespite the equitable health system in Germany, significant associations between overall survival of oral cavity cancer and different socioeconomic factors could be found. For elimination of these disparities, health education programs should be established in socially deprived areas. Furthermore, clinicians should keep these factors in mind when determining recall periods for dental check-ups.
The Negative Impact of COVID-19 in HCV, HIV, and HPV Surveillance Programs During the Different Pandemic Waves
Authors: Romero-Hernández Beatriz , Martínez-García Laura , Rodríguez-Dominguez Mario , Martínez-Sanz Javier , Vélez-Díaz-Pallarés Manuel , Pérez Mies Belen , Muriel A. , Gea Francisco , Pérez-Elías María Jesús , Galán Juan Carlos 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a worldwide stress test for health systems. 2 years have elapsed since the description of the first cases of pneumonia of unknown origin. This study quantifies the impact of COVID-19 in the screening program of chronic viral infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) along the six different pandemic waves in our population. Each wave had particular epidemiological, biological, or clinical patterns.MethodsWe analyzed the number of samples for screening of these viruses from March 2020 to February 2022, the new infections detected in the pandemic period compared to the previous year, the time elapsed between diagnosis and linking to treatment and follow-up of patients, and the percentage of late HIV diagnosis. Moreover, we used the origin of the samples as a marker for quantifying the restoration of activity in primary care.ResultsDuring the first pandemic year, the number of samples received was reduced by 26.7, 22.6, and 22.5% for molecular detection of HPV or serological HCV and HIV status respectively. The highest decrease was observed during the first wave with 70, 40, and 26.7% for HPV, HCV, and HIV. As expected, new diagnoses also decreased by 35.4, 58.2, and 40.5% for HPV, HCV, and HIV respectively during the first year of the pandemic. In the second year of the pandemic, the number of samples remained below pre-pandemic period levels for HCV (−3.6%) and HIV (−9.3%) but was slightly higher for HPV (8.0%). The new diagnoses in the second year of the pandemic were −16.1, −46.8, and −18.6% for HPV, HCV, and HIV respectively.ConclusionsUndoubtedly, an important number of new HPV, HCV, and HIV infections were lost during the COVID-19 pandemic, and surveillance programs were disrupted as a consequence of collapse of the health system. It is a priority to reinforce these surveillance programs as soon as possible in order to detect undiagnosed cases before the associated morbidity-mortality increases. New pandemic waves could increase the risk of reversing the achievements made over the last few decades.
“It's my frenemy”: A qualitative exploration of knowledge and perceptions of fentanyl use during the COVID-19 pandemic in people who use drugs at a syringe services program in Philadelphia, PA
Authors: Bass Sarah Bauerle , Kelly Patrick J. A. , Pandit-Kerr Sphoorti , Pilla Jenine , Morris Katherine , Larsen Erin , Wisdom Jennifer P. , Torralva Phillip R. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundExacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the proliferation of fentanyl and fentanyl analogs, overdose deaths have surged in the United States, making it important to understand how individuals who use drugs experience and perceive the risks of fentanyl use and how it has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsTwenty clients from a Philadelphia syringe services program completed a questionnaire and in-depth interview about their fentanyl experiences from January to March 2021. These interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis methods.ResultsSixty percent of participants were female and racial/ethnic minority. Participants indicated they believed fentanyl use accounted for most Philadelphia opioid-related overdoses and understood that fentanyl was different from other opioids. Fentanyl use was characterized as “all-consuming” by taking over lives and inescapable. While most perceived their risk of fentanyl overdose as high, there was low interest in and reported use of harm reduction strategies such as fentanyl test strips. The COVID-19 pandemic was noted to have negative effects on fentanyl availability, use and overdose risk, as well as mental health effects that increase drug use.ConclusionsThe divide between perceived risk and uptake of protective strategies could be driven by diminished self-efficacy as it relates to acting on and engaging with resources available at the syringe services program and represents a potential intervention target for harm reduction intervention uptake. But the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated risks due to fentanyl use, making an effective, accessible, and well-timed intervention important to address the disconnect between perceived overdose risk and use of preventive behaviors.
Shear wave elastography as a quantitative biomarker of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Bingtian , Lyu Guorong , Yang Xiaocen , Wang Huaming , Chen Yongjian 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes and the strongest initiating risk factor for diabetic foot ulceration. Early diagnosis of DPN through screening measures is, therefore, of great importance for diabetic patients. Recently, shear wave elastography (SWE) has been used as a method that is complementary to neuroelectrophysiological examination in the diagnosis of DPN. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis based on currently available data to evaluate the performance of tibial nerve stiffness on SWE for diagnosing DPN.MethodsBoth PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for studies that investigated the diagnostic performance of SWE for DPN up to March 1th, 2022. Three measures of diagnostic test performance, including the summary area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC), the summary sensitivity and specificity, and the summary diagnostic odds ratios were used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of SWE. All included studies were published between 2017 and 2021.ResultsSix eligible studies (with 170 DPN patients, 28 clinically defined DPN patients, 168 non-DPN patients, and 154 control participants) that evaluated tibial nerve stiffness were included for meta-analysis. The summary sensitivity and specificity of SWE for tibial nerve stiffness were 75% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 68–80%) and 86% (95% CI: 80–90%), respectively, and the summary AUROC was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.81–0.87), for diagnosing DPN. A subgroup analysis of five two-dimensional SWE studies revealed similar diagnostic performance, showing the summary sensitivity and specificity of 77% (95% CI: 69–83%) and 86% (95% CI: 79–91%), respectively, and a summary AUROC value of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83–0.89).ConclusionsSWE is found to have good diagnostic accuracy for detecting DPN and has considerable potential as an important and noninvasive adjunctive tool in the management of patients with DPN.
Pulmonary Cryptococcosis Diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in a Young Patient With Normal Immune Function: A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Yingyu , Wang Weiliang , Zhang Yingxuan , Zhai Sina , Xia Han , Zhang Xilin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is a serious opportunistic fungal infection that usually occurs in immunocompromised patients. This disease is often difficult to diagnose in time due to its clinical manifestations and radiological feature similar to other pulmonary infections, as well as the low sensitivity of conventional diagnostic methods. Cryptococcosis in immune-competent patients is rare.Case PresentationHere we report a case of PC in an immune-competent patient. Tuberculosis was suspected according to radiological features due to the positive T-lymphocyte spot test and pure protein derivative skin test. To further detect the pathogen, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Cryptococcus neoformans (one specific read) was identified by mNGS, indicating the PC of this patient. The following BALF culture and cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay (CrAg-LFA) test also showed Cryptococcus infection, confirming the mNGS detection. Voriconazole (0.4 g daily) was given orally according to the subsequent susceptibility results. After seven months of treatment, the patient's condition improved.ConclusionMetagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a better diagnostic tool to help clinicians distinguish pulmonary cryptococcosis from other atypical pulmonary infections.
Changes in social participation between 1 and 2 years following moderate-severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Hart Tessa , Rabinowitz Amanda 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo examine patterns of change in social participation in persons with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI) between 1 and 2 years postinjury, and predictors of observed change.Participants375 participants with msTBI enrolled in a single TBI Model System site.Measures and MethodsThe dependent variable in a linear regression was a reliable change score for the Social Relations subscale of the Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective, administered at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. Predictors of change included demographics, injury severity, social and functional status at Year 1, and changes in function and life circumstances between years 1 and 2.ResultsSocial participation status did not change substantially for 34 of the sample, while approximately equal proportions of the remainder improved or declined. The regression model was significant (p &lt; 0.001). Improvement was predicted by private vs. public insurance and decline was predicted by a reduction in the FIM functional outcome measure from year 1 to year 2. Marginal predictors included education (higher levels predicting improvement) and year 1 marital status (single status predicting decline).ConclusionsLongitudinal change in social participation in the chronic phase of msTBI deserves further study, with attention to resource limitations and the impact of changes in functional status.
Expanding the reach of evidence-based mental health interventions to private practice: Qualitative assessment using a policy ecology framework
Authors: Frank Hannah E. , Milgram Lauren , Freeman Jennifer B. , Benito Kristen G. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundEvidence-based interventions (EBIs) for mental health disorders are underutilized in routine clinical practice. Exposure therapy for anxiety disorders is one particularly difficult-to-implement EBI that has robust empirical support. Previous research has examined EBI implementation determinants in publicly funded mental health settings, but few studies have examined EBI implementation determinants in private practice settings. Private practice clinicians likely face unique barriers to implementation, including setting-specific contextual barriers to EBI use. The policy ecology framework considers broad systemic determinants, including organizational, regulatory, social, and political contexts, which are likely relevant to EBI implementation in private practice settings but have not been examined in prior research.MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted to assess private practice clinicians' perceptions of EBI implementation determinants using the policy ecology framework. Clinicians were asked about implementing mental health EBIs broadly and exposure therapy specifically. Mixed methods analyses compared responses from clinicians working in solo vs. group private practice and clinicians who reported high vs. low organizational support for exposure therapy.ResultsResponses highlight several barriers and facilitators to EBI implementation in private practice. Examples include determinants related to organizational support (e.g., colleagues using EBIs), payer restrictions (e.g., lack of reimbursement for longer sessions), fiscal incentives (e.g., payment for attending training), and consumer demand for EBIs. There were notable differences in barriers faced by clinicians who work in group private practices compared to those working in solo practices. Solo private practice clinicians described ways in which their practice setting limits their degree of colleague support (e.g., for consultation or exposure therapy planning), while also allowing for flexibility (e.g., in their schedules and practice location) that may not be available to clinicians in group practice.ConclusionsUsing the policy ecology framework provides a broad understanding of contextual factors that impact private practice clinicians' use of EBIs, including exposure therapy. Findings point to potential implementation strategies that may address barriers that are unique to clinicians working in private practice.