bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF 210PB DEPOSITION DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS IN WINTER AT ROKKASHO IN AOMORI BASED ON HIGH RESOLUTION ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT/DEPOSITION MODEL CALCULATION
Authors: Cai Yu , Yamazawa Hiromi , Moriizumi Jun , Hasegawa Hidenao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To evaluate 210Pb deposited on the surface of sea around Japan in detail, the performance of atmospheric transport/deposition model for 222Rn and its progenies was examined. To test the model’s reproducibility of 210Pb deposition in winter, it was applied at Rokkasho in Aomori, where the model had been reported to significantly underestimate when the horizontal grid interval of 9 km was used. It was shown that the precipitation on the Pacific Ocean side and Mutsu Bay and hence the 210Pb deposition at Rokkasho were significantly improved with the grid interval of 3 km although the deposition was still underestimated by the observation. This underestimation was considered to be caused by model’s neglect of horizontal drift of snow and rain. It was also pointed out that the deposited 210Pb was mainly contributed by the lower atmosphere up to 2–3 km.
The Electroretinogram as a Potential Biomarker of Psychosis in Children at Familial Risk
Authors: Moreau Isabel , Hébert Marc , Maziade Michel , Painchaud Alexandra , Mérette Chantal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We previously proposed the electroretinogram (ERG) as a promising biomarker of major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP), given that we found anomalies in the ERG parameters of patients with these diagnoses as well as in their children who are at high risk (HR) of developing such disorders. The aim of the present study is to investigate the usefulness of the ERG for individual detection, among HR children, of an ERG profile resembling that of a SZ patient, as this may indicate a stronger likelihood of transition to psychosis. Using a logistic regression model previously derived from the ERG assessments of SZ patients and control (CT) subjects, individual risk scores were obtained for 61 HR and 80 CT youth. Those with a very high individual risk score were classified as “schizophrenia-like” (SZ-like). We found that the HR subjects were 3.5 times more likely to be classified as SZ-like than the CT subjects (95% CI [1.1–11.8]). Furthermore, among the HR subjects, we studied the relationship between the SZ-like classification and psychotic-like experiences and found that HR subjects classified as SZ-like were 2.7 times more likely than all remaining HR subjects to have experienced psychotic-like symptoms (95% CI [1.3–4.6]), and 6.8 times more likely than those with a very low individual risk score (95% CI [1.4–40.4]). Our results suggest that a model previously derived from ERG data on SZ patients could be a potential tool for early detection of the susceptibility to a psychotic-like disorder among familial HR children.
Sleep regularity and body mass index: findings from a prospective study of first-year college students
Authors: Wong Patricia M , Barker David , Roane Brandy M , Van Reen Eliza , Carskadon Mary A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectivesUsing data from a large, prospective study of sleep in first-year college students, we examined whether students’ sleep regularity is associated with body mass index (BMI) and BMI change (∆BMI) during their first college semester. In a subset of participants, we also tested whether dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) phase and DLMO-bedtime phase angle are associated with BMI and ∆BMI.MethodsAnalyses included data from 581 students (mean age = 18.7 ± 0.5 years; 58% female; 48% non-white) who had their height and weight assessed at the start of classes (T1) and end of 9 weeks. Participants completed online daily sleep diaries from which total sleep time (TST) and the sleep regularity index (SRI) were calculated. Among participants who completed a DLMO protocol (n = 161), circadian phase was quantified by DLMO and circadian alignment by DLMO-bedtime phase angle. Data were analyzed with linear regressions that controlled for sex and average TST.ResultsAverage SRI was 74.1 ± 8.7 (range: 25.7; 91.6). Average BMI at T1 was 22.0 ± 3.5 and participants gained 1.8 ± 2.4 kg (range: −7.2; 11.4); 39% gained 2–5 kg, 8% gained &gt;5 kg. Lower SRI was associated with greater BMI at T1 (B = −0.06 [95% CI: −0.09; −0.02], p = 0.001) but not with ∆BMI (p = 0.062). Average TST was not significantly associated with BMI or ∆BMI, nor were circadian phase and alignment in the subsample (p’s &gt; 0.05).ConclusionsSleep regularity is an understudied but relevant sleep dimension associated with BMI during young adulthood. Our findings warrant future work to examine longer-term associations between sleep regularity and weight gain.
Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Transplantation in Parkinson’s Rodent Animals: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Zheng Yifeng , Zhou Jun , Wang Yisai , Fan Fanfan , Liu Shengwen , Wang Yu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The effects of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) have been extensively evaluated by multiple studies in animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the therapeutic efficacy was inconsistent. Here, we searched 4 databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) and performed a meta-analysis to estimate the therapeutic effects of unmodified NSPCs on neurological deficits in rodent animal models of PD. Data on study quality score, behavioral outcomes (apomorphine or amphetamine-induced rotation and limb function), histological outcome (densitometry of TH+ staining in the SNpc), and cell therapy-related severe adverse events were extracted for meta-analysis and systematic review. Twenty-one studies with a median quality score of 6 (range from 4 to 9) in 11 were examined. Significant improvement was observed in the overall pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) between animals transplanted with NSPCs and with control medium (1.22 for apomorphine-induced rotation, P &lt; .001; 1.50 for amphetamine-induced rotation, P &lt; .001; 0.86 for limb function, P &lt; .001; and –1.96 for the densitometry of TH+ staining, P &lt; .001). Further subgroup analysis, animal gender, NSPCs source, NSPCs dosage, and pretreatment behavioral assessment were closely correlated with apomorphine-induced rotation and amphetamine-induced rotation. In conclusion, unmodified NSPCs therapy attenuated behavioral deficits and increased dopaminergic neurons in rodent PD models, supporting the consideration of early-stage clinical trial of NSPCs in patients with PD.
A review of branched-chain amino acids in lactation diets on sow and litter growth performance
Authors: Holen Julia P , Tokach Mike D , Woodworth Jason C , DeRouchey Joel M , Gebhardt Jordan T , Titgemeyer Evan C , Goodband Robert D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are three essential amino acids (AA) for lactating sows; however, the effects of dietary Leu, Val, and Ile on sow and litter performance within the literature are equivocal. The BCAA are structurally similar and share the first steps of their catabolism pathway where Leu, Val, and Ile are transaminated through BCAA aminotransferase and irreversibly decarboxylated by the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex. Although these steps are shared among BCAA, Leu is recognized as the primary stimulator due to Leu’s greater affinity towards the enzymes compared to Val and Ile. Since the late 1990s, sows are producing larger and heavier litters and generally consume diets with greater concentrations of Leu and crystalline AA, which may create imbalances among dietary BCAA. Research conducted with growing-finishing pigs confirms that high concentrations of Leu can impair BCAA utilization and growth performance. However, the effects of BCAA on lactating sow and litter performance are not as clearly understood. Within mammary tissue, BCAA uptake is greater than milk output of BCAA since Val, Ile, and Leu are catabolized to form non-essential AA, lactose, fatty acids, and other metabolites. Within the mammary gland, BCAA aminotransferase activity is much higher than within skeletal muscle, liver, or small intestine. Thus, competition among the BCAA, namely, between Leu and Val, can significantly inhibit Val uptake within mammary tissue. Therefore, dietary modifications that mitigate BCAA competition may positively influence Val utilization for colostrum and milk synthesis. Little data exist on Ile and Leu requirements for modern lactating sows. Although Val requirements have been extensively researched in the last 25 yr, an ideal Val:Lys has not been consistently established across experiments. Some studies concluded that total Val concentrations above 120% of Lys optimized performance, whereas others determined that increasing SID Val:Lys from 55% to 136% did not improve piglet growth performance. Although increasing dietary Val positively influences fat and protein composition of colostrum and milk, litter growth during lactation is not always positively affected. Given the competition among BCAA for utilization within mammary tissue, research evaluating the Leu and Ile requirement of modern lactating sows is warranted to fully understand the influence and interactions of BCAA on reproductive and litter growth performance.
Visual attention around a hand location localized by proprioceptive information
Authors: Shioiri Satoshi , Sasada Takumi , Nishikawa Ryota 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Facilitation of visual processing has been reported in the space near the hand. To understand the underlying mechanism of hand proximity attention, we conducted experiments that isolated hand-related effects from top–down attention, proprioceptive information from visual information, the position effect from the influence of action, and the distance effect from the peripersonal effect. The flash-lag effect was used as an index of attentional modulation. Because the results showed that the flash-lag effect was smaller at locations near the hand, we concluded that there was a facilitation effect of the visual stimuli around the hand location identified through proprioceptive information. This was confirmed by conventional reaction time measures. We also measured steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) in order to investigate the spatial properties of hand proximity attention and top–down attention. The results showed that SSVEP reflects the effect of top–down attention but not that of hand proximity attention. This suggests that the site of hand proximity attention is at a later stage of visual processing, assuming that SSVEP responds to neural activities at the early stages. The results of left-handers differed from those of right-handers, and this is discussed in relation to handedness variation.
Modification of plasma membrane H+-ATPase in Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) seedling roots adapting to acid deposition
Authors: Zhou Sijie , Wang Ping , Ding Yi , Xie Linbei , Li Ao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To understand the regulation of roots plasma membrane H+-ATPase in Masson pine responding to acid deposition, the changes in biomass, plant morphology, intracellular H+, enzyme activity and H+-ATPase genes expression in Masson pine seedlings exposed to simulated acid rain (SAR, pH 5.6 and 4.6) with and without vanadate were studied. Simulated acid rain exposure for 60 days increased the intracellular H+ in pine roots whether added with 0.1 mM Na3VO4 or not. The growth of seedlings treated with SAR was maintained well, even the primary lateral root length, root dry weight and number of root tips in seedlings exposed to SAR at pH 4.6 were higher than that of the control (pH 6.6). However, the addition of vanadate resulted in severe growth inhibition and obvious decline in morphological parameters. Similarly, ATP hydrolytic activity and H+ transport activity of roots plasma membrane H+-ATPase, both were stimulated by SAR whereas they were inhibited by vanadate, and the highest activity stimulation was observed in pine roots subjected to SAR at pH 4.6. In addition, SAR also induced the expression of the investigated H+-ATPase subunits (atpB, atpE, atpF, atpH and atpI). Therefore, the roots plasma membrane H+-ATPase is instrumental in the growth of Masson pine seedlings adapting to acid rain by a manner of pumping more protons across the membrane through enhancing its activity, and which involves the upregulated gene expression of roots H+-ATPase subunits at transcriptional level.
Elasmobranch diversity across a remote coral reef atoll revealed through environmental DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Dunn Nicholas , Savolainen Vincent , Weber Sam , Andrzejaczek Samantha , Carbone Chris , Curnick David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As elasmobranchs are becoming increasingly threatened, efficient methods for monitoring the distribution and diversity of elasmobranch populations are required. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a progressively applied technique that enables mass identification of entire communities and is an effective method for the detection of rare and elusive species. We performed an eDNA metabarcoding survey for fish communities around a coral reef atoll in the Chagos Archipelago (Central Indian Ocean) and assessed the diversity and distribution of elasmobranch species detected within these communities. Our eDNA survey detected 353 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) attributed to fishes, 12 of which were elasmobranchs. There were no differences in fish communities based on the presence and absence of ASVs between sample depth (surface and 40 m) or sampling habitat, but communities based on read abundance were significantly different between habitats. The dominant elasmobranch species were grey reef (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) and silvertip (C. albimarginatus) sharks, and elasmobranch communities were significantly different between sampling depth and habitat. Overall, we find that eDNA metabarcoding can be used to reveal the diversity of elasmobranchs within broader taxonomic assays, but further research and development of targeted metabarcoding primers may be required before it can be integrated into a toolkit for monitoring these species.
Non-targeted metabolomics analysis reveals distinct metabolic profiles between positive and negative emotional tears of humans
Authors: Liang Hao , Wu Songye , Yang Duo , Huang Jianhua , Yao Xiaolei , Gong Jingbo , Liu Pei , Duan Lunhui , Yang Liu , Xu Qingwen , Huang Rujia , Maimaitituersun Meiheriayi , Tao Lijuan , Peng Qinghua 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough the chemical components of basal, reflex, and emotional tears are different, the presence of distinctions in the tears of different emotions is still unknown. The present study aimed to address the biochemical basis behind emotional tears through non-targeted metabolomics analysis between positive and negative emotional tears of humans.METHODSSamples of reflex (C), negative (S), and positive (M) emotional tears were collected from healthy college participants. Untargeted metabolomics was performed to identify the metabolites in the different types of tears. The differentially altered metabolites were screened and assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTSThe global metabolomics signatures classified the C, S, and M emotional tears. A total of 133 significantly differential metabolites of ESI-mode were identified between negative and positive emotional tears. The top 50 differential metabolites between S and M were highly correlated. The significantly altered pathways included porphyrin & chlorophyll metabolism, bile secretion, biotin metabolism, arginine & proline metabolism and among others.CONCLUSIONThe metabolic profiles between reflex, positive, and negative emotional tears of humans are distinct. Secretion of positive and negative emotional tears are distinctive biological activities. Therefore, the present study provides a chemical method to detect human emotions which may become a powerful tool for diagnosis of mental disease and identification of fake tears.
Environmental pollutants and essential elements as regulators of miR-30b, miR-223 and Let-7a microRNAs expression in maternal sera from the NEHO cohort
Authors: Longo Valeria , Drago Gaspare , Longo Alessandra , Ruggieri Silvia , Sprovieri Mario , Cibella Fabio , Colombo Paolo 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundBirth cohorts of women living in highly industrialized areas provide an ideal setting for studying the correlation between environmental exposure and health.ObjectivesTo evaluate serum microRNA expression in response to environmental contaminants in 68 healthy pregnant women from the NEHO birth cohort.MethodsSerum contaminants were determined by GC-MS/MS and ICP-MS/MS. Serum microRNA expression was determined by qPCR. Associations between miRNA ΔCTs and single serum element levels were tested by linear regression models, while whole mixture effect was studied by WQS regression analysis.ResultsIn separate regression models, a positive association was found between miR-223 ΔCT and concentrations of Se and Zn, while a negative association between miR-30b and Hg levels was observed. Similar regression models were also conducted using tertiles of each chemical as independent variables. In this setting, the Let-7a ΔCT was decreased in the comparison between medium and low tertiles of Se. The highest tertiles of Zn and p,p’-DDE showed a significant association with increasing levels of miR-223 ΔCT with respect to the lower tertile; moreover, miR-30b ΔCT was reduced in the comparison between high and low tertiles of Hg. The observed data were confirmed by fold-change analysis. A WQS analysis built on tertiles of contaminant distribution revealed a significant mixture effect on the expression of the analyzed miRNAs. The inverse association between Let-7a ΔCT and the WQS index was dominated by Zn, Se, Cu, Hg and HCB. Moreover, miR-223 ΔCT was positively associated with the WQS index, where p,p’-DDE, Zn and Se showed the greatest contributions to the association. Conversely, the reduction of miR-30b ΔCT was mainly driven by Hg and Se.DiscussionThis study allowed us to characterize the role of prolonged exposure to environmental contaminants influencing the expression of circulating miRNAs in the serum of women in the last trimester of pregnancy.
Telemedicine for surgical site infection diagnosis: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Lathan Ross , Sidapra Misha , Yiasemidou Marina , Long Judith , Totty Joshua , Smith George , Chetter Ian 
Published: February 2022

1AbstractSince the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a rapid uptake and utilisation of telemedicine in all aspects of healthcare. This presents a key opportunity in surgical site infection surveillance. Remote follow up methods have been used via telephone, with photographs and questionnaires for post-operative reviews with varying results.This review therefore aims to comprehensively synthesise available evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of all forms of SSI telemedicine monitoring. The protocol has been established as per both PRISMA-P and the Cochrane handbook for reviews of diagnostic test accuracy.Medline, Embase, CENTRAL and CINAHL will be searched using a complete search strategy developed with librarian input, in addition to google scholar and hand searching. All study designs with patients over 18 and undergone a primarily closed surgical procedure will be eligible. Index tests will include all forms of telemedicine and a subgroup analysis performed for each of these. Comparative tests must include face to face review, and all reference standards will be included again for sub-group analyses. Search results will be screened by two investigators independently with a third providing consensus review on disagreements. Methodological quality will be assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool, first validated by two investigators as per the Cochrane handbook.Exploratory analysis will formulate summary receiver operating characteristic curves and forest plots with estimates of sensitivity and specificity of the included studies. Sources of heterogeneity will be identifying and investigated through further analysis.Potential benefits of telemedicine integration in surgical practice will reduce cost and travel time to patients in addition to avoiding wasted clinic appointments, important considerations in a peri-pandemic era. To avoid missed or further complications, there must be confidence in the ability to diagnose infection. This review will systematically determine whether telemedicine is accurate for surgical site infection diagnosis, which methods are well established and if further research is indicated.AmendmentsProtocol version number will be annotated on the title page and thereby footer of each page. A list of major amendment changes to the protocol will be kept in the table below.Important DatesDefinitionsSurgical Site Infection An infection occurring after surgery in the part of the body where surgery took placeTelemedicine The remote diagnosis and treatment of patients by means of communications technologyTelehealth The delivery of healthcare services, where patients and providers are separated by distance.eHealth The use of information communication technology for health.mHealth A component of eHealth where medical and public health practices are supported by mobile devices.Virtual Care All the ways healthcare providers remotely interact with their patients
SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in cancer patients on systemic antineoplastic treatment in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal
Authors: Fernandes Gonçalo , Paixão Paulo , Brum Laura , Padrão Teresa , Correia Jorge , Albuquerque Joana , Pulido Catarina , Nave Mónica , Timóteo Teresa , Rodrigues Tânia , Costa Filipe , Passos Coelho José Luís 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAt the time of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic cancer patients were considered to be at high risk of serious illness and had a higher exposure risk since they needed frequent and non- deferrable hospital visits. Serologic tests were not routinely used and seroprevalence in this population was unknown.A single-center cross-sectional study was developed to determine the seroprevalence of anti- SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (Abs) in cancer patients undergoing systemic antineoplastic treatment. One hundred patients were consecutively recruited in a two-week period (6th to 20th May, 2020) and serum samples were tested for the presence of IgM and IgG Abs directed against both spike and nucleocapsid SARS-CoV-2 proteins in two distinct timepoints (at recruitment and four to eight weeks later). IgG positive results were subject to confirmation, in the same serum sample, using two distinct assays.At the time of the first study visit, no patient had a previously confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, one reported previous contact with a COVID-19 patient and all had a baseline SARS-CoV-2 negative RT-PCR. Two patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the first study visit, which was not confirmed in either of the two confirmatory assays. Seventy-two patients were tested at the second study visit, all with negative IgG test. IgM was persistently positive at both study visits in one patient and was positive in another patient at the second study visit, both with negative RT-PCR and serum IgG. No patient tested RT-PCR positive within the study timeframe.No evidence of prior or acute SARS-CoV-2 infection was documented in this cohort of cancer patients undergoing systemic treatment and no additional exposure risk was documented compared to general population seroprevalence studies. The study was inconclusive regarding the role of SARS-CoV-2 serology in cancer patients in the early phase of the pandemic. This study did show that, with adherence to recommended preventive measures, it was safe to maintain systemic cancer therapy.