bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Time Behavior for Subcritical Measure-Valued Branching Processes with Immigration
Authors: Friesen Martin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work we study the long-time behavior for subcritical measure-valued branching processes with immigration on the space of tempered measures. Under some reasonable assumptions on the spatial motion, the branching and immigration mechanisms, we prove the existence and uniqueness of an invariant probability measure for the corresponding Markov transition semigroup. Moreover, we show that it converges with exponential rate to the unique invariant measure in the Wasserstein distance as well as in a distance defined in terms of Laplace transforms. Finally, we consider an application of our results to super-Lévy processes as well as branching particle systems on the lattice with noncompact spins.
Using heuristic worked examples to promote solving of reality-based tasks in mathematics in lower secondary school
Authors: Hänze Martin , Leiss Dominik 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study examined whether learning with heuristic worked examples can improve students’ competency in solving reality-based tasks in mathematics (mathematical modeling competency). We randomly assigned 134 students in Grade 5 and 180 students in Grade 7 to one of three conditions: control condition (students worked on reality-based tasks), worked example condition (students studied worked examples representing a realistic process of problem-solving by fictitious students negotiating solutions to the tasks), and prompted worked example condition (students additionally received self-explanation prompts). In all three conditions, the students worked on the tasks individually and independently for 45 min. Dependent measures were mathematical modeling competency (number of adequate solution steps and strategies) and modeling-specific strategy knowledge. Results showed that although strategy knowledge could be improved through the intervention for fifth and seventh graders, modeling competency was improved only for seventh graders. The prompting of self-explanations had no additional effect for either fifth or seventh graders.
Implementation of robotic surgery in Dubai: a focus on outcomes
Authors: Halabi Mouhammad , Kamal Jado , Reguig Farida , Zenilman Michael E. , Moussa Hatem 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe rapid acceptance of robotic surgery in gallbladder, inguinal, and ventral hernia surgery has led to the growth of robotic surgery programs around the world. As this is new technology, implementation of such programs needs to be done safely, with a focus on patient outcomes. We herein describe the implementation of a new robotic surgery program in a major hospital in the Middle East. A laparoendoscopic surgeon led the program after training and proctoring. Competency based credentialing were created and put in place. To confirm safety of the program, all laparoscopic and robotic cholecystectomy and hernia operations were followed, and perioperative data analyzed. Out of the 304 patients included in this study, 157 were performed using the robotic approach. In the cholecystectomy group (n = 103) the single site approach offered shorter operative times (P < 0.05). Both the single site robotic and the robotic assisted approaches resulted in less pain (P < 0.05). In the inguinal hernia group (n = 146) the laparoscopic approach offered shorter operative times (P < 0.05), but the robotic approach was associated with less pain (P < 0.05). In the ventral hernia group (n = 55), the open approach offered the best operative times, but the robotic approach was associated with the least amount of pain (P < 0.05). This is the first report of the implementation of a robotic program in the MENA region where the primary measure of success is outcomes. We show that monitoring cholecystectomy, inguinal or ventral hernia data can confirm the quality of the program before expansion and moving forward to more complex procedures.
Examination of conversion method of dose distribution of lung cancer IMRT using fluence reversible calculation function in O-ring type linac and C-type linac
Authors: Rachi Toshiya , Parshuram Raturi Vijay , Tanaka Yuki , Togo Haruki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGenerally, converting irradiation plans between C-arm linacs (C-linac) when the linac fails is possible without recalculating the dose distribution using a treatment planning system (TPS), because they have similar mechanical structure. However, the O-ring-type linac (O-linac) differs from the C-linac in forming the dose distribution. Therefore, if O-linac breaks down, it is necessary to formulate a treatment plan from scratch. In this study, we investigated a method for converting irradiation from an O-linac to a C-linac. Thirty patients with lung cancer who underwent volumetric-modulated arc therapy with an O-linac were included in this study. The O-linac dose distribution was converted into energy fluence by the function of the TPS. The alternative linac multi-leaf collimator (MLC) was then optimized to achieve energy fluence. The homogeneity index, conformity index, and planning treatment volume (D95%, D2%) of the converted plan were compared with the original plan. For organ at risk (OAR), the dose-volume histograms (DVHs) of the lung, esophagus, heart, and spinal cord were evaluated. Additionally, the shapes of the isodose curves were compared using the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). There was no significant difference between the target and OARs (p > 0.05). The mean DSCs of 30% to 100% isodose curves of the prescribed dose and the isodose ≥ 105% and ≤ 20%were > 0.8 and < 0.8, respectively. Due to the structural differences of MLC, the dose-volume and generation positions were different in the dose range of ≥ 105% and ≤ 20%; hence, DSCs decreased. However, no statistically significant difference in the DVH was identified for either treatment plan. Based on this result, we propose a simple replanning method for performing MLC fitting after converting the dose to the energy fluence.
State-of-the-art recent developments of large magnetorheological (MR) dampers: a review
Authors: Abdul Aziz Mohammad , Mohtasim Sakib Muhammad , Ahammed Rubel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLarge MR (MR) dampers are popular due to their higher damping force capabilities which makes them suitable in the field of civil engineering, structural engineering, suspension bridge structure, mining engineering, and agricultural engineering applications. This paper presents a comprehensive review of large MR dampers. The classifications and applications of large MR dampers, the principle of operation, different fluid models, their structural design and control systems are classified and reviewed in this paper. The large MR dampers have higher damping force controllability than conventional MR dampers. The review indicates that the large MR dampers have enough vibration mitigation ability and higher damping performances.
Making kangaroos grievable; making grievability non-human
Authors: Wijnandts Yvette Kim Clarissa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen Australian economist Ross Garnaut proposed to increase the commercial kangaroo industry in 2008, it started a national debate on the supposed edibility of kangaroos. Campaigns against the commercial kangaroo industry and hesitance amongst many consumers to eat kangaroo reflect concerns about viewing kangaroos as food. This article explores the reactions and challenges that originate from the kangaroo’s changing role in society by using Judith Butler’s concept of grievable lives. Using this framework shows that what animals we eat goes beyond nutritional value; it symbolizes deeper values regarding human–animal relations and illustrates why and how not all animals are seen and treated as the same.
A Qualitative Meta-Study of Youth Voice and Co-Participatory Research Practices: Informing Cyber/Bullying Research Methodologies
Authors: Green D. M. , Taddeo C. M. , Price D. A. , Pasenidou F. , Spears B. A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractYouth voice is acknowledged as being critical for any investigation into children and young people’s (CYP) lived experiences but is particularly important for the field of cyberbullying (Cb), where technology and social media have transformed traditional bullying into behaviors which operate across both online and offline settings. The significant social and economic costs of both cyber and traditional bullying (C/B) to CYP’s health, wellbeing, academic achievement, relationships, and quality of life are well documented quantitatively, however qualitative studies, which capture the voice of the individual, and lived reality of the social contexts and experiences, remain limited. This paper presents one of the firstqualitative meta-studiesin this research area and models the feasibility and potentiality of this methodological approach to: (1) facilitate the synthesis of discrete qualitative studies concerning youth voice and co-participatory research practices, and (2) subsequently inform and extend methodological knowledge in the cyber/bullying (C/B) and youth wellbeing domains. The convergences/differences, ethical considerations, enablers, challenges, affordances, and limitations of five of the authors’ studies concerned with youth voice and co-participatory research methodologies are analyzed and synthesized to create new collective meanings and understandings. In doing so, this paper demonstrates a transdisciplinary and transformative approach: where new knowledge and unity of understanding is created which extends beyond each unique study and the discipline and domain in which it is situated. Findings from the meta-study indicate that providing youth with opportunities to shape research at all stages can empower them to design authentic preventative approaches directly relevant to their context and experiences, whilst simultaneously developing critical research and inquiry skills. This paper highlights the imperative for researchers to empower CYP as co-researchers and embrace them as change partners, simultaneously acknowledging the challenges this presents, including the shift in power of the researcher’s role which occurs. It also provides a warrant for employing meta-study approaches to discrete qualitative studies to inform and extend broader research and methodological agendas.
Towards Bidirectional and Coadaptive Robotic Exoskeletons for Neuromotor Rehabilitation and Assisted Daily Living: a Review
Authors: Kirchner Elsa Andrea , Bütefür Judith 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Starting with a technical categorization and an overview of current exoskeletons and orthoses and their applications, this review focuses on robotic exoskeletons and orthoses for neuromotor rehabilitation and relevant research needed to provide individualized adaptive support to people under complex environmental conditions, such as assisted daily living.

Recent Findings
Many different approaches from the field of autonomous robots have recently been applied to the control of exoskeletons. In addition, approaches from the field of brain-computer interfaces for intention recognition are being intensively researched to improve interaction. Finally, besides stimulation, bidirectional feedback and feedback-based learning are recognized as very important to enable individualized, flexible, and adaptive human assistance.

Summary
AI-based methods for adaptation and online learning of robotic exoskeleton control, combined with intrinsic recognition of human intentions and consent, will in particular lead to improving the quality of human–robot interaction and thus user satisfaction with exoskeleton-based rehabilitation interventions.
Flood hazard management in a multiple hazard context: a systematic review of flood hazard management during the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa
Authors: Turay Bashiru 
Published: April 2022

AbstractResult-oriented research can uncover hidden flood management obstacles and propose solutions that, if combined with political will, appropriate technology, and resources, can overcome the majority of Africa’s future flood calamities. In view of this, it is critical to examine researchers' findings on flood hazard management, particularly now that the continent is struggling with COVID-19 and other hazards. This study employed a systematic review approach to critically analyze 103 contextually detailed studies with a set of criteria that were not only meant to keep the focus on floods and the COVID-19 pandemic but also to understand the context of managing floods during COVID-19 and other hazards at the same time on the continent. I found that the authors strongly recommend how institutions should create non-structural enabling environments for managing combined hazards. Also, researchers paid little attention to recommending ecosystem-based measures for flood management during the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa. Future research should study how different countries in Africa are preparing to manage multiple future hazards, including the comparative assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of individual countries’ planning and preparation.
China’s energy transitions for carbon neutrality: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Zhao Changying , Ju Shenghong , Xue Yuan , Ren Tao , Ji Ya , Chen Xue 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe pledge of achieving carbon peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060 is a strategic decision that responds to the inherent needs of China’s sustainable and high-quality development, and is an important driving force for promoting China’s ecological civilization constructions. As the consumption of fossil fuel energy is responsible for more than 90% of China’s greenhouse gases emissions, policies focusing on energy transition are vital for China accomplishing the goal of carbon neutrality. Considering the fact that China’s energy structure is dominated by fossil fuels, especially coal, it is urgent to accelerate the low-carbon transition of the energy system in a relatively short time, and dramatically increase the proportion of clean energy in the future energy supply. Although China has made notable progress in the clean energy transition in the past, its path to carbon neutrality still faces many significant challenges. During the process of energy transformation, advanced technologies and greater investment will play essential parts in this extensive and profound systemic reform for China’s economy and society. In the meantime, these changes will create immense economic opportunities and geopolitical advantages.
Knowing-in-action that centres humanising relationships on stroke units: an appreciative action research study
Authors: Gordon Clare , Ellis-Hill Caroline , Dewar Belinda , Watkins Caroline 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground:Equal, collaborative and therapeutic relationships centred on the person affected by stroke are important for supporting recovery and adjustment. However, realising these relationships in hospital practice is challenging when there is increasing focus on biomedical needs and organisational pressures. Despite a body of evidence advocating for quality relationships, there remains limited research describing how to achieve this in clinical practice. This appreciative action research (AAR) study aimed to describe the processes involved in co-creating meaningful relationships on stroke units.Design and methods:An AAR approach was used to develop humanising relationship-centred care (RCC) within two hospital stroke units. Participants were staff (n = 65), patients (n = 17) and relatives (n = 7). Data generation comprised of interviews, observations and discussion groups. Data were analysed collaboratively with participants using sense-making as part of the AAR cyclical process. Further in-depth analysis using immersion crystallisation confirmed and broadened the original themes.Findings:All participants valued similar relational experiences around human connections to support existential well-being. The AAR process supported changes in self, and the culture on the stroke units, towards increased value being placed on human relationships. The processes supporting human connections in practice were: (i) sensitising to humanising relational knowing; (ii) valuing, reflecting and sharing relational experiences with others that co-created a relational discourse; and (iii) having the freedom to act, enabling human connections. The outcomes from this study build on existing lifeworld-led care theories through developing orientations for practice that support relational knowing and propose the development of RCC to include humanising values.
The Volchia Griva mineral oasis as unique locus for research of the mammoth fauna and the late Pleistocene environment in Northern Eurasia
Authors: Leshchinskiy Sergey V. , Burkanova Elena M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the results of research at Volchia Griva, the largest site in Asia containing mammoth fauna in situ. It is situated in the south of the West Siberian Plain in the Baraba forest-steppe zone, and occupies an area of several hectares. Analysis of sediments and taphonomy of the site allows us to suggest that thousands of megafaunal remains were buried here in mud pits and erosional depressions. The favorable geochemical landscape of Volchia Griva attracted animals during periods of mineral starvation. This is reflected in the high mortality in two intervals, ca. 20–18 14C ka BP and ca. 17–11 14C ka BP. The results of palynological analysis of samples from the upper part of the Volchia Griva section made it possible to reconstruct the history of landscape changes of the Baraba Lowland during the MIS 2. Forb-mesophytic meadows were common at the beginning of this period, with taiga type forests. At ca. 20 14C ka BP, an abrupt and significant aridization of the climate occurred, which led to the degradation of forests. The mammoth steppe was widely developed, dominated by forb-grass association and with areas of alkali meadows and soils. Such conditions existed probably until the mid-Holocene.
14C AND OTHER RADIONUCLIDES IN THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE BORDER REGION OF LITHUANIA BEFORE THE START OF THE BELARUSIAN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT OPERATION
Authors: Mažeika Jonas , Jefanova Olga , Petrošius Rimantas , Lujanienė Galina , Skuratovič Žana 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we analyze the background activity of anthropogenic radionuclides (14C, 3H, 137Cs, and 239,240Pu), emphasizing 14C content, in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the Lithuanian border region before the commissioning of a new nuclear power plant in Belarus (BelNPP). In terrestrial samples, the 14C concentration varied insignificantly—from 98.6 ± 0.7 to 102.2 ± 0.8 pMC, which is close to the 14C level in atmospheric CO2. In aquatic samples, the 14C concentration varied within wide limits from 76.9 ± 0.7 to 99.6 ± 0.6 pMC, depending on the ecological group of macrophytes. Various ecological groups of macrophytes have experienced the influence of a freshwater reservoir effect. This lowest 14C content in submerged macrophyte species, within the limits of uncertainty, was very close to the specific activity of 14C in DIC (78.6 ± 0.6 pMC) in the water of the Neris River. The background 14C values, together with the data on 3H, 137Cs and 239,240Pu obtained in this study, can be used in the future to assess the contribution of the BelNPP conventional radioactive effluents to the levels of 14C and other radionuclides in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the transboundary region of Belarus and Lithuania.
NEW AMS CHRONOLOGY FOR THE EARLY BRONZE III/IV TRANSITION AT KHIRBAT ISKANDAR, JORDAN
Authors: Fall Patricia L , Richard Suzanne , Pilaar Birch Suzanne E , Ridder Elizabeth , D’Andrea Marta , Long Jesse C , Hedges-Knyrim Geoffrey , Porson Steven , Metzger Mary , Falconer Steven E 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTWe present the first Bayesian 14C modeling based on AMS ages from stratified sediments representing continuous occupation across the Early Bronze III/IV interface in the Southern Levant. This new high-precision modeling incorporates 12 calibrated AMS ages from Khirbat Iskandar Area C using OxCal 4.4.4 and the IntCal 20 calibration curve to specify the EB III/IV transition at or slightly before 2500 cal BCE. Our results contribute to the continuing emergence of a high chronology for the Levantine Early Bronze Age, which shifts the end of EB III 200–300 years earlier than the traditional time frame and increases the length of EB IV to about 500 years. Data from Khirbat Iskandar also help direct greater attention to the importance of sedentary communities through EB IV, in contrast to the traditional emphasis on non-sedentary pastoral encampments and cemeteries. Modeling of AMS data from Khirbat Iskandar bolsters the ongoing revision of Early Bronze Age Levantine chronology and its growing interpretive independence from Egyptian history and contributes particularly to re-examination of the EB III/IV nexus in the Southern Levant.
The Simple Bare Necessities: Scales and Paradoxes of Thrift on a London Public Housing Estate
Authors: Alexander Catherine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article tracks how a trope of middle-class household thrift, grounded on the autarchic Aristotelianoikos, has long fueled derogatory discourses in Britain aimed at low-income urban residents who practice quite different forms of thrift. Since the 1970s this trope has migrated across scales, proving a potent metaphor for national economic policy and planetary care alike, and morally and economically justifying both neoliberal welfare retraction compounded by austerity policies and national responses to excessive resource extraction and waste production. Both austerity and formal recycling schemes shift responsibility onto consumer citizens, regardless of capacity. Further, this model of thrift eclipses the thriftiness of low-income urban households, which emerges at the nexus of kin and waged labor, sharing, welfare, debt, conserving material resources through remaking and repair and, crucially, the fundamental need for decency expressed through kin care. Through a historicized ethnography of a London social housing estate and its residents, this paper excavates what happens as these different forms and scales of household thrift coexist, change over time, and clash. Ultimately, neoliberal policy centered on an inimical idiom of thrift delegitimizes and disentitles low-income urban households and undermines their ability to enact livelihood practices of sustainability and projects of dignity across generations.
The local cyclicity problem: Melnikov method using Lyapunov constants
Authors: Gouveia Luiz F. S. , Torregrosa Joan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn 1991, Chicone and Jacobs showed the equivalence between the computation of the first-order Taylor developments of the Lyapunov constants and the developments of the first Melnikov function near a non-degenerate monodromic equilibrium point, in the study of limit cycles of small-amplitude bifurcating from a quadratic centre. We show that their proof is also valid for polynomial vector fields of any degree. This equivalence is used to provide a new lower bound for the local cyclicity of degree six polynomial vector fields, so $\mathcal {M}(6) \geq 44$. Moreover, we extend this equivalence to the piecewise polynomial class. Finally, we prove that $\mathcal {M}^{c}_{p}(4) \geq 43$ and $\mathcal {M}^{c}_{p}(5) \geq 65.$
On the algebraicity about the Hodge numbers of the Hilbert schemes of algebraic surfaces
Authors: Jin Seokho , Jo Sihun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHilbert schemes are an object arising from geometry and are closely related to physics and modular forms. Recently, there have been investigations from number theorists about the Betti numbers and Hodge numbers of the Hilbert schemes of points of an algebraic surface. In this paper, we prove that Göttsche's generating function of the Hodge numbers of Hilbert schemes of $n$ points of an algebraic surface is algebraic at a CM point $\tau$ and rational numbers $z_1$ and $z_2$. Our result gives a refinement of the algebraicity on Betti numbers.