bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global prevalence of help‐seeking for problem gambling: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bijker Rimke , Booth Natalia , Merkouris Stephanie S. , Dowling Nicki A. , Rodda Simone N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsMultiple studies have examined barriers and facilitators to help‐seeking, but the prevalence of help‐seeking for problem gambling (PG) is not well established. We aimed to estimate the international prevalence of help‐seeking for PG among the general population and among subgroups of people at risk for PG (i.e. low‐risk, moderate‐risk and PG).MethodsSystematic search of grey literature (through gambling repositories, gambling research institutes and Google) and peer‐reviewed literature (through ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus) for gambling prevalence studies that reported on help‐seeking for PG. This review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses. Studies used representative sampling methods to determine the prevalence of gambling participation and data collection 2010 onward. Twenty‐four studies met the inclusion criteria. The main outcome was population prevalence of help‐seeking for PG. Help‐seeking was defined as any intentional action to change gambling behaviours, including professional services (inclusive of in‐person or distance help), non‐professional help (e.g. from family and friends) and self‐help. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explain variability in help‐seeking prevalence estimates.ResultsMeasurement of help‐seeking was inconsistent across included studies and, overall, there was high risk of bias. We estimated a general population help‐seeking prevalence for PG of 0.23% (95% CI, 0.16–0.33). Prevalence estimates were significantly higher in studies assessing lifetime (0.50%; 95% CI, 0.35–0.71) compared with current help‐seeking (0.14%; 95% CI, 0.10–0.20, P < 0.001), but there was no evidence of difference in prevalence estimates by gambling participation, region, type of help‐seeking, or year of data collection. Compared with people with low‐risk gambling (0.27%; 95% CI, 0.07%–1.04%), prevalence estimates were significantly higher in those with moderate‐risk (3.73%; 95% CI, 2.07%–6.63%) and problem gambling (20.63%; 95% CI, 12.89%–31.35%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsOne in 25 moderate‐risk gamblers and 1 in 5 people with problem gambling have sought help for problems related to their gambling.
The clinical features, treatment, and prognostic factors for peripheral T‐cell lymphomas: A single‐institution analysis of 240 Chinese patients
Authors: Chen Haizhu , Tao Yunxia , Zhou Yu , Liu Peng , Yang Jianliang , He Xiaohui , Zhou Shengyu , Qin Yan , Song Yongwen , Gui Lin , Zhang Changgong , Yang Sheng , Shi Yuankai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to analyze the clinical features, treatment, survival, and prognostic factors of Chinese patients with peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) excluding natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma (NKTCL).MethodsData on patients with newly diagnosed PTCLs between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2017 at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with NKTCL were excluded.ResultsA total of 240 patients were included. PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL‐NOS), was the most frequent subtype (42.5%), followed by angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (AITL) (21.3%), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐negative anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma (ALK‐ALCL) (16.7%), ALK‐positive ALCL (ALK+ALCL) (10.8%) and others (8.8%). With a median follow‐up of 81.1 months, the 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates for all patients were 30.4% (95% CI 25.0%–37.0%) and 48.8% (95% CI 42.6%–55.7%), respectively. On multivariate analysis, no consolidative autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and not achieving complete response after first‐line chemotherapy retained independently prognostic value for inferior PFS and OS. Besides, bone marrow involvement and serum albumin level were independent factors for PFS, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥2 was significantly predictive of inferior OS. Compared with PTCL‐NOS, significantly superior PFS and OS were observed for ALK+ALCL and ALK‐ALCL.ConclusionThe survival outcomes with current treatment for most PTCL subtypes are still unsatisfactory. Prospective randomized studies are needed to establish the value of consolidative ASCT in PTCL, and novel therapeutic approaches should be explored.
Short‐term outcomes of intracorporeal versus extracorporeal anastomosis in laparoscopic surgery for right‐sided colon cancer: A propensity score‐matched study
Authors: Sakurai Tsubasa , Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Noguchi Tatsuki , Sakamoto Takashi , Mukai Toshiki , Hiyoshi Yukiharu , Nagasaki Toshiya , Akiyoshi Takashi , Fukunaga Yosuke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionRecently, intracorporeal anastomosis (IA) has been attracting attention. We aimed to compare the short‐term outcomes of IA and extracorporeal anastomosis (EA) in laparoscopic surgery for right‐sided colon cancer, after propensity score matching.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 404 consecutive patients with right‐sided primary colon cancer between January 2019 and July 2021, 359 of whom underwent laparoscopic surgery. We classified them into IA (n = 72) and EA (n = 287) groups. Propensity score matching analysis was performed, and the matched groups were compared.ResultsThe IA group had a longer operation time and shorter time to first flatus, passage of stool, and oral intake. There were no differences in blood loss, postoperative complications, and postoperative hospital stay between the groups. The IA group had a higher inflammatory response in the laboratory data on postoperative day 1 compared to the EA group; however, there were no differences in the incidence of abdominal or surgical site infection (SSI). The IA group had a longer distal resection margin, and there were no peritoneal recurrences in either group.ConclusionIn the IA group, patients had earlier bowel recovery and a longer distal resection margin; however, other postoperative clinical outcomes were comparable. Although there was a higher postoperative inflammatory response in IA, there was no significant difference in postoperative complications, including SSI and intra‐abdominal infection. Although long‐term outcomes are not yet available, IA could be a useful procedure.
Isotretinoin: reasserting its public health value at the population level, addressing potential neuropsychiatric risk at the individual level
Authors: Chosidow Olivier , Beylot-Barry Marie , Corgibet Florence , Jouan Nicole , Dupin Nicolas , Guillot Bernard ,   Centre of Evidence of the French Society of Dermatology
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Linked Articles: Paljarvi et al. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:64–72; Ravencroft and Eichenfield. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:8–9.
Clonally unrelated Richter syndrome are truly de novo diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas with a mutational profile reminiscent of clonally related Richter syndrome
Authors: Favini Chiara , Talotta Donatella , Almasri Mohammad , Andorno Annalisa , Rasi Silvia , Adhinaveni Ramesh , Kogila Sreekar , Awikeh Bassel , Schipani Mattia , Boggione Paola , Mouhssine Samir , Ghanej Joseph , Al Essa Wael , Mahmoud Abdurraouf Mokhtar , Dondolin Riccardo , Alessa Nariman , Margiotta Casaluci Gloria , Boldorini Renzo , Gattei Valter , Gaidano Gianluca , Moia Riccardo 
Published: July 2022

SummaryRichter syndrome (RS) is mostly due to the direct transformation of the chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) clone, as documented by the same immunoglobulin heavy‐chain variable region (IGHV) rearrangement in both CLL and RS cells. In rare cases characterized by a better outcome, the RS clone harbours a different IGHV rearrangement compared to the CLL phase. We investigated the CLL phase of clonally unrelated RS to test whether the RS clone was already identifiable prior to clinicopathologic transformation, albeit undetectable by conventional approaches. CLL cells of eight patients with unrelated RS were subjected to an ultra‐deep next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approach with a sensitivity of 10−6. In 7/8 cases, the RS rearrangement was not identified in the CLL phase. In one case, the RS clone was identified at a very low frequency in the CLL phase, conceivably due to the concomitance of CLL sampling and RS diagnosis. Targeted resequencing revealed that clonally unrelated RS carries genetic lesions primarily affecting the TP53, MYC, ATM and NOTCH1 genes. Conversely, mutations frequently involved in de novo diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) without a history of CLL were absent. These results suggest that clonally unrelated RS is a truly de novo lymphoma with a mutational profile reminiscent, at least in part, of clonally related RS.
Risk factors for Drug‐resistant Epilepsy (DRE) and a nomogram model to predict DRE development in post‐traumatic epilepsy patients
Authors: Yu Tingting , Liu Xiao , Sun Lei , Lv Ruijuan , Wu Jianping , Wang Qun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo identify factors affecting the development of drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE), and establish a reliable nomogram to predict DRE development in post‐traumatic epilepsy (PTE) patients.MethodsThis study conducted a retrospective clinical analysis in patients with PTE who visited the Epilepsy Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2013 to December 2018. All participants were followed up for at least 3 years, and the development of DRE was assessed. Data from January 2013 to December 2017 were used as development dataset for model building. Those independent predictors of DRE were included in the final multivariable logistic regression, and a derived nomogram was built. Data from January 2018 to December 2018 were used as validation dataset for internal validation.ResultsComplete clinical information was available for 2830 PTE patients (development dataset: 2023; validation dataset: 807), of which 21.06% (n = 596) developed DRE. Among all parameters of interest including gender, age at PTE, family history, severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI), single or multiple injuries, lesion location, post‐TBI treatments, acute seizures, PTE latency, seizure type, status epilepticus (SE), and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings, four predictors showed independent effect on DRE, they were age at PTE, seizure type, SE, and EEG findings. A model incorporating these four variables was created, and a nomogram to calculate the probability of DRE using the coefficients of the model was developed. The C‐index of the predictive model and the validation was 0.662 and 0.690, respectively. The goodness‐of‐fit test indicated good calibration for model development and validation (p = 0.272, 0.572).ConclusionsThe proposed nomogram achieved significant potential for clinical utility in the prediction of DRE among PTE patients. The risk of DRE for individual PTE patients can be estimated by using this nomogram, and identified high‐risk patients might benefit from non‐pharmacological therapies at an early stage.
Private benefits of corporate philanthropy and distortions to corporate financing and investment decisions
Authors: Masulis Ronald W. , Reza Syed Walid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResearch Question/IssueThis study examines whether private benefits of control, as measured by corporate philanthropic activities, distort corporate financing and investment decisions.Research Findings/InsightsWe find that corporate giving represents a private benefit of control that distorts corporate investment and financing activity, consistent with free cash flow agency theory. Corporate giving discourages managers from pursuing external financing, especially debt issuance, to minimize outside monitoring. It creates preferences for internally financed cash acquisitions for the same reason. These distortions reduce shareholder wealth. Following both the 2003 dividend tax cut and hedge fund activism, corporate charitable contributions fall while investment rises, suggesting suboptimal investment caused by managerial private benefit extraction. Acquisition announcements of firms making large charitable contributions show negative stock market reactions that are more pronounced for acquirers with poor corporate governance.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsOur findings suggest that due to agency problems and managerial rent extraction, corporate philanthropic activities can distort corporate financing and investment decisions and yield corporate charitable contribution allocations that personally benefit a firm's CEO at shareholder expense.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsAs corporate philanthropy imposes a significant cost to shareholders, managers may seek shareholder approval on corporate philanthropic activities. The Securities and Exchange Commission may also require timely disclosure of corporate donations.
Preoperative blood pressure and risk of delayed graft function in deceased donor kidney transplantation
Authors: Wazir Shoaib , Abbas Muhammad , Ratanasrimetha Praveen , Zhang Casey , Hariharan Sundaram , Puttarajappa Chethan M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn kidney transplantation, delayed graft function (DGF) is associated with increased morbidity and a higher risk of graft failure. Prior research suggests that chronic hypotension increases DGF risk, but the relationship of preoperative blood pressure to DGF is unclear.MethodsIn this single center study of adult deceased donor kidney transplant recipients transplanted between 2015 and 2019, we evaluated the question of whether preoperative mean arterial pressure (MAP) affected DGF risk. Additionally, we investigated whether the risk of DGF was moderated by certain donor and recipient characteristics. For recipient characteristics associated with increased DGF risk and preoperative MAP, we performed a mediation analysis to estimate the proportion of DGF risk mediated through preoperative MAP.ResultsAmong 562 deceased donor kidney recipients, DGF risk decreased as preoperative MAP increased, with a 2% lower risk per 1 mm Hg increase in MAP. This increased risk was similar, with no statistically significant interaction effect between preoperative MAP and donor (donation after circulatory death) and recipient characteristics (diabetes, body mass index, and use of anti‐hypertensive medications). Preoperative MAP was negativity correlated with recipient BMI and duration of pre transplant dialysis. On mediation analysis, MAP accounted for 12% and 16% of the DGF risk associated with recipient BMI and pre‐transplant dialysis duration, respectively.ConclusionIn deceased donor kidney transplantation, each 1 mm Hg increase in preoperative MAP was associated with 2% lower DGF risk. Preoperative MAP was influenced by recipient BMI and dialysis duration, and likely contributes to some of the high DGF risk from obesity and long dialysis vintage.
Hidradenitis suppurativa‐related expenditure, a call for awareness: systematic review of literature
Authors: Tsentemeidou Aikaterini , Sotiriou Elena , Ioannides Dimitrios , Vakirlis Efstratios 
Published: July 2022

SummaryData regarding hidradenitis suppurativa (HS)‐related expenditure is limited and non‐homogeneous, but HS does incur significant expenses. We performed a systematic review of literature reports documenting financial data regarding any healthcare domain or other expenditure incurred by HS and/or HS impact on work, income and personal economic growth (indirect costs). Three electronic databases were searched (MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library – last search date: September 14th, 2021). All costs were adjusted for inflation (2022) and converted into US dollars. Twenty‐three papers were included (18 cost‐of‐illness studies, 4 observational studies and 1 case series), drawing economic data from 77,287 HS patients. The total mean cost incurred by HS per patient per year ranged from $ 258 to $ 8,078. This number increased in case of surgical intervention, disease progression, antibiotic failure and certain comorbid diseases. The costliest healthcare sector was inpatient care, followed by outpatient and emergency care. Significant differences were observed between the USA and the rest of studied countries. Hospitalization was likelier, lengthier, and costlier for HS compared to psoriasis patients, whereas the less costly outpatient care appeared to be reduced among HS patients. Preventing disease progression by optimizing early diagnosis and dermatology outpatient care could decrease HS‐related expenditure.
Multiproduct pricing under the multinomial logit model with local network effects
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Mohan , Zhang Heng , Zhang Zhiqi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMotivated by direct interactions with practitioners and real‐world data, we study a monopoly firm selling multiple substitute products to customers characterized by their different social network degrees. Under the multinomial logit model framework, we assume that the utility a customer with a larger network degree derives from the seller's products is subject to more impact from her neighbors and describe the customers' choice behavior by a Bayesian Nash game. We show that a unique equilibrium exists as long as these network effects are not too large. Furthermore, we study how the seller should optimally set the prices of the products in this setting. Under the homogeneous product‐related parameter assumption, we show that if the seller optimally price‐discriminates all customers based on their network degrees, the products' markups are the same for each customer type. Building on this, we characterize the sufficient and necessary condition for the concavity of the pricing problem, and show that when the problem is not concave, we can convert it to a single‐dimensional search and solve it efficiently. We provide several further insights about the structure of optimal prices, both theoretically and numerically. Furthermore, we show that we can simultaneously relax the multinomial logit model and homogeneous product‐related parameter assumptions and allow customer in‐ and out‐degrees to be arbitrarily distributed while maintaining most of our conclusions robust.
Angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor (thiorphan/irbesartan) improved cardiac function in a rat model of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury
Authors: Mohammed Abdulsalam Takwa , Hasanin Amany H. , Hussein Mohamed Reham , Khairy Eman , Mahmoud Dalia , Habib Eman , Badawy Ahmed El Sayed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMitochondria‐mediated apoptosis plays a critical role in myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury and causes a negative impact on cardiac efficiency and function. The combined angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) is a promising cardioprotective pharmacological agent that could rescue the heart from IR injury. This study investigated the cardioprotective effect of thiorphan (TH) in combination with three different doses of irbesartan (IRB) on myocardial IR injury and detected the most effective dose combination. Male Wistar rats were used and divided into five groups (10 rats/group): (I) Sham, (II) ischemia–reperfusion I/R, (III) TH/IRB + IR (0.1/5 mg/kg), (IV) TH/IRB + IR (0.1/10 mg/kg), and (V) TH/IRB + IR (0.1/15 mg/kg) groups. Thiorphan and irbesartan were injected intraperitoneally 15 min before IR induction. Mean arterial blood pressure, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular maximum rate of pressure (LVdp/dtmax), and cardiac levels of creatine kinase–MB, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and endothelin‐1 were measured. Cardiac mitochondria complexes activities, histopathological examination of myocardial tissues, immunohistochemistry studies for myocardial apoptosis (Bax and Bcl‐2), and electron microscopy examination of left ventricle were performed. TH/IRB combination preserved cardiac functions and mitochondria complex activities and mitigated cardiac damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis following IR. Also, there was an evident improvement in histopathological changes and electron microscopy examination of left ventricle compared with I/R group. TH/IRB in a dose of 0.1/10 mg/kg showed significant improvement compared with the other treated groups. Thiorphan/irbesartan improved cardiac functions following IR injury. This could be explained by the reported improvement of mitochondria complex activities and reduction of oxidative stress, endothelin‐1, and apoptosis.
Temperature impacts on fish physiology and resource abundance lead to faster growth but smaller fish sizes and yields under warming
Authors: Lindmark Max , Audzijonyte Asta , Blanchard Julia L. , Gårdmark Anna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResolving the combined effect of climate warming and exploitation in a food web context is key for predicting future biomass production, size‐structure and potential yields of marine fishes. Previous studies based on mechanistic size‐based food web models have found that bottom‐up processes are important drivers of size‐structure and fisheries yield in changing climates. However, we know less about the joint effects of ‘bottom‐up’ and physiological effects of temperature; how do temperature effects propagate from individual‐level physiology through food webs and alter the size‐structure of exploited species in a community? Here, we assess how a species‐resolved size‐based food web is affected by warming through both these pathways and by exploitation. We parameterize a dynamic size spectrum food web model inspired by the offshore Baltic Sea food web, and investigate how individual growth rates, size‐structure, and relative abundances of species and yields are affected by warming. The magnitude of warming is based on projections by the regional coupled model system RCA4‐NEMO and the RCP 8.5 emission scenario, and we evaluate different scenarios of temperature dependence on fish physiology and resource productivity. When accounting for temperature‐effects on physiology in addition to on basal productivity, projected size‐at‐age in 2050 increases on average for all fish species, mainly for young fish, compared to scenarios without warming. In contrast, size‐at‐age decreases when temperature affects resource dynamics only, and the decline is largest for young fish. Faster growth rates due to warming, however, do not always translate to larger yields, as lower resource carrying capacities with increasing temperature tend to result in decline in the abundance of larger fish and hence spawning stock biomass. These results suggest that to understand how global warming affects the size structure of fish communities, both direct metabolic effects and indirect effects of temperature via basal resources must be accounted for.