bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrochlorination of Acetylene Catalyzed by Copper‐Phosphorous Complex
Authors: Zhang Dan , Qi Ji , Wang Xueying , Dong Yanzhao , Xu Yongsheng , Xie Dongyang , Zhang Jinli , Zhang Haiyang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBecause of the toxicity of traditional mercury catalysts, more economical and efficient nonprecious metal catalysts have attracted considerable concern in acetylene hydrochlorination reaction. Here, a series of copper‐based catalysts coordinated with P‐containing ligands were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The 12.5Cu‐2L7/1/AC catalyst (2L = tris(3‐methylpheny) phosphine) achieved the initial acetylene conversion of 87.13%, which was 47.68% higher than that of 12.5Cu/AC under the acetylene gas hourly space velocity of 180 h−1. The characterization results displayed that the employment of tris(3‐methylpheny) phosphine not only constructed highly dispersed and hypervalent Cu‐P/Cu‐O‐P active species but also improved the adsorption capacity of the catalyst to reactants and the ability of anticoke deposition, thereby improving the catalytic activity and stability of Cu‐based catalysts.
Soybean oil fatty acid alkyl ester estolides to enhance the functionality of poly(lactic) acid
Authors: Dunbar Madison M. , Stolp Lucas J. , Kodali Dharma R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFive soybean oil‐derived fatty acid alkyl ester estolide plasticizers were synthesized with methyl, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol ester head groups. The required fatty acid alkyl ester estolides were synthesized by transesterification of alcohols with soybean oil fatty acid methyl esters followed by epoxidation and subsequent ring opening and acetylation. Experimental plasticizers were compounded with PLA for the evaluation of their thermal, mechanical, and water vapor barrier properties compared to those of commercial plasticizer, triethyl citrate (TEC). Experimental plasticizers were divided into low and high molecular weight groups based on similarities in structure and size. High molecular weight plasticizers had poor compatibility with PLA and showed inferior mechanical and water vapor barrier properties. Low molecular weight plasticizers demonstrated good plasticization and depression of glass transition temperature comparable to TEC at low concentrations along with improved water vapor barrier properties at higher concentrations, indicating suitability for more cost‐effective applications requiring better water vapor barrier functionality.
A Comparative Evaluation of Leaching Reagents of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Catalytic Converters Using Microwave Heating
Authors: Ni H'ng Yeong , G.S Almeida M. Inês , Lamb Robert N. , Kolev Spas D. , Duan Xiaofei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlatinum group metals (PGMs) are increasingly recycled from spent automotive catalysts due to their scarcity in nature. Many studies were developed using different leaching reagents to achieve greener benefits and reduce environmental pollution. This article reports for the first time a direct comparison of leaching reagents on the efficiency of PGMs using microwave (MW) assisted heating. The leaching system employed HCl with/without the addition of complexing (citric acid) or oxidizing agents (HNO3, H2O2, NaClO, NaClO3). It was shown that the 11.65 M HCl could leach all elements (94 % Pt, 82 % Pd and 74 % Rh) at 210 °C. The addition of oxidant(s) decreased the PGMs leaching efficiencies due to the formation of a protective oxide layer through surface passivation reaction. In some cases, the addition of complexing or oxidizing (H2O2) agents and a high leaching temperature (>180 °C) employed in the MW leaching could enhance PGMs leachabilities, particularly for Rh (>90 %). A detailed temperature study of the MW leaching demonstrated that HCl could obtain excellent recoveries (>90 %) for Pt and Pd at temperatures ≥150 °C. Therefore, this research illustrates that partially replacing the HCl with citric acid is a promising approach to achieve a greener and more efficient leaching process of PGMs.
Exploring the Fluorination and Hydroxylation of Pore‐Space‐Partitioned Metal−Organic Frameworks for C2H2/CH4 Separation
Authors: Anbazhagan Rajeshkumar , Wang Tai‐Sheng , Kuan Hao‐Ping , Popovs Ilja , Liu Hsin‐Kuan , Hung Tsu‐Lien , Kaveevivitchai Watchareeya , Chen Teng‐Hao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe report three novel pore‐space‐partitioned metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) functionalized with fluorine and hydroxyl groups using 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluorobenzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylic acid (F4‐BDC) and a new ligand 3,6‐difluoro‐2,5‐dihydroxybenzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylic acid (F2(OH)2‐BDC) as organic building blocks, with 1,3,5‐tris(4‐pyridyl)‐2,4,6‐triazine (TPT) as pore partition agent. With the polar fluorine and hydroxyl groups and the open metal sites being blocked by TPT, moderate molecule‐framework interactions can be engineered. These three isoreticular microporous frameworks Mn‐TPT‐BDC‐F4 (NCKU‐21), Mn‐TPT‐BDC‐F2(OH)2 (NCKU‐22), and Mg‐TPT‐BDC‐F2(OH)2 (NCKU‐23) (NCKU=National Cheng Kung University) exhibit distinct single‐component gas adsorption behaviors. Although NCKU‐22 uptakes a much lower amount of C2H2 compared to NCKU‐21 and ‐23, dynamic breakthrough experiments show that these three materials are all capable of efficient C2H2/CH4 separations. These MOFs possess moderate isosteric heat of adsorption for C2H2 (25.7–32.1 kJ mol−1), allowing easy regeneration and energy‐efficient C2H2/CH4 separations.
The Impact of Chemotherapy and Body Mass Index on Cancer‐Related Fatigue in Colon Cancer Patients: A PROFILES‐Registry Study
Authors: Kastelein Anneke , Mols Floortje , Kervezee Laura , Chavannes Niels H. , Gelderblom Hans , Neefjes Jacques , Hinnen Chris 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundInflammation has been reported to drive cancer‐related fatigue (CRF). As both obesity and chemotherapy promote inflammatory responses, obese cancer patients may be at risk of more severe CRF, especially when receiving chemotherapy.MethodsWe analysed data of 333 colon cancer patients from four hospitals in the Netherlands (data derived from the PROCORE study). Fatigue was assessed with the general fatigue subscale of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory at four timepoints: at inclusion (T1), 4 weeks after surgery (T2), and 1 (T3) and 2 years (T4) after diagnosis. Linear mixed‐effects models were applied to evaluate the interaction between chemotherapy and body mass index (BMI) on the trajectory of fatigue.ResultsThe two‐way interactions between time and chemotherapy (p = 0.047) and between time and BMI on fatigue (p = 0.041) were significant. Patients scheduled for chemotherapy reported more fatigue during the treatment phase, while patients not treated with chemotherapy showed a stable trajectory. Obese patients reported more fatigue at follow‐up compared to patients with a healthy BMI. The three‐way interaction between time, chemotherapy and BMI was not significant (p = 0.39). However, obese chemotherapy‐treated patients reported the highest fatigue 2 years after treatment (12.8, 95% CI: 10.6–14.9). Their mean fatigue score was higher compared to baseline (9.2, 95% CI: 7.3–11.0, p < 0.001) and obese patients not treated with chemotherapy (9.6, 95% CI: 7.0–12.2, p = 0.02). Moreover, this group reported more fatigue compared to healthy (8.1, 95% CI: 5.5–10.9, p < 0.001) and overweight (9.7, 95% CI: 7.2–12.3, p = 0.019) chemotherapy‐treated patients.ConclusionThis study indicates that chemotherapy and BMI both influence long‐term fatigue in colon cancer patients. Proactive monitoring for CRF and lifestyle interventions may be needed for chemotherapy‐treated patients with a high BMI.
Hemodynamic Analysis Using 4D Flow MRI in a Case of Aortic Dissection With Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery
Authors: Sakakibara Kenji , Nakajima Hiroyuki , Yoshida Yukiyo , Hagihara Yudai , Nakamura Chie , Shikata Daichi , Takesue Yuki , Shiraiwa Satoru , Honda Yoshihiro , Kaga Shigeaki , Hamasaki Masahiro , Johno Hisashi , Watanabe Hiroaki 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFour‐dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) was utilized to analyze an aortic dissection with an aberrant right subclavian artery, revealing vortex formation and an increased oscillatory shear index (OSI), both indicative of variations in wall shear stress. An elevated OSI has been associated with an elevated risk of aortic dissection.
Premature Constriction of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus Caused by Sertraline in a Pregnant Woman: A Case Report
Authors: Golbabaei Alireza , Alavi moghaddam Elham sadat , Mohammad Talebi Hooman 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFetal ductus arteriosus was treated in a 39‐year‐old pregnant woman in the 33rd week After psychiatric consultation and discontinuation of sertraline which underscores the association of sertraline with premature ductus arteriosus constriction.
Leadless Pacemaker Implantation in the Presence of the Bioprosthetic Tricuspid Valve: Case Presentation and Literature Review
Authors: Mohammadi Mahsa , Iranian MohammadReza , Saedi Sedigheh , Toloueitabar Yaser , Fazelifar Amirfarjam , Haghjoo Majid 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA 21‐year‐old man, known case of the repaired congenital heart disease, developed complete atrioventricular block (AVB) one week after simultaneous bioprosthetic pulmonary and tricuspid valve replacement and atrial septal defect repair. Considering the persistence of the AVB, it was decided to implant a permanent pacemaker. After considering all available options and the issues related to the patient, it was decided to implant a leadless pacemaker (LLP). A Micra pacemaker was implanted successfully, and the patient was discharged in good condition and without any complications. Follow‐up evaluation showed appropriate LLP and bioprosthetic valve functioning. Limited prior experiences and the present report showed that LLP appears to be an ideal option in the patients with bioprosthetic tricuspid valve complicated by conduction disorders.
Subglottic Stenosis After Double‐Lumen Tube Intubation With Reintubation: A Case Report and Review of Japanese Cases
Authors: Suzuki Masami , Yoshida Naohiro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSubglottic stenosis after double‐lumen tube (DLT) intubation is more likely to occur when an oversized DLT, specifically a 35 Fr DLT, is used in older, shorter women. Reintubation in such cases is challenging and may cause additional traumatic laryngitis. Tracheostomy is the best management for subglottic stenosis after DLT intubation.
Complications of Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis: Heterozygous Factor V Leiden Mutation Leads to Pulmonary Embolism in a Patient With Post–Bowel Resection Surgery
Authors: Hamza Hafiz Muhammad , Malik Muhammad Muiz , Awan Ayaz Ahmed , Tariq Muhammad Daoud , Daoud Mohamed , Goyal Aman 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIt is critical to recognize pulmonary embolism as soon as possible in patients who have gastrointestinal problems pre‐ and post‐surgery. Even in the absence of conventional risk factors, the Factor V Leiden mutation emphasizes the importance of a thorough thrombophilia assessment. To effectively manage and prevent thrombotic episodes, prompt anticoagulant medication and genetic screening for family members are essential.
Fahr's Syndrome With Hypoparathyroidism in a Patient With Schizophrenia and Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Case Report
Authors: Haider Ali , Danish Ali , Khan Allahdad , Rehman Atta Ur , Latif Muhammad Haris , Basit Salman Abdul , Kamal Aseel , Haque Obaid Imtiyazul 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFahr's syndrome is a rare neurological disorder that shows up as calcium deposits in the brain, affecting motor control and cognitive functions. In this case report, a 45‐year‐old woman with schizophrenia was diagnosed with Fahr's syndrome, which can be challenging to diagnose due to coexisting neurological comorbidity.
Longest Known Survivor With HeartMate II Continuous‐Flow Left Ventricular Assist System—A Case Report of the 16‐Year Success Story
Authors: Chawa Yamane , Habib Mhd Baraa , Chapra Ammar , Elbdri Salah 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLeft ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been used as a bridge to transplantation in patients with advanced heart failure. In this case, LVAD therapy was used as a destination therapy for 16 years, representing the longest documented and continuously ongoing support with the original implanted device.
Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Long Chain Esters via Formate Hydroesterification
Authors: Virtue Kyler , Fayyaz Babak , López‐Linares Francisco , Mironov Oleg , Ovalles Cesar , Bernskoetter Wesley H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCO2‐based hydroesterification is an attractive route to produce value added ester compounds, which could replace widely used CO‐based hydroesterification processes if sufficient catalytic technologies are developed. One path to CO2‐based hydroesterification could proceed through an organoformate intermediate, which is then used in olefin hydroesterification to generate the desirable esters. This route opens the possibility of creating a net CO2‐based hydroesterification process using tandem catalytic systems for CO2 hydrogenation to organoformate paired with formate‐olefin hydroesterification. The tandem use of tripodal phosphine ruthenium(II) and 1,2‐bis(di‐tert‐butylphosphinomethyl)benzene palladium catalysts were found to successfully produce methyl nonanoate from CO2, H2, methanol and 1‐octene in a single‐stage batch process. The CO2‐based hydroesterification catalysis efficiency was found to be largely limited by the productivity of organoformate generation and competitive 1‐octene reduction. Catalytic yields of methyl nonanoate can be enhanced by adjustments in reaction procedures, including the use of a two‐stage batch reaction process or delayed introduction of 1‐octene, achieving a yield of up to 32 %. Under select conditions, control experiments indicate yields of methyl nonanoate can be improved to ca 75 %. Preliminary studies indicate significant interplay between the two ligands employed in the molecular tandem catalytic systems and establish the first catalytic protocol for the selective CO2‐based hydroesterification of olefins via organoformates.
The Missing Link in the Monogermanide Series: YbGe
Authors: Hübner Julia‐Maria , Freccero Riccardo , Prots Yurii , Schwarz Ulrich 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHigh‐pressure, high‐temperature synthesis at 12 GPa between 750 and 1000 °C for 30 to 300 min yields the last missing rare‐earth metal monogermanide, YbGe. Powder and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction measurements reveal that the compound crystallizes in a FeB‐type structure (space group Pnma, a=7.901(2) Å, b=3.8981(9) Å, and c=5.873(2) Å). The results of the chemical bonding study, while supporting the presence of polyanionic Ge chains interacting with the surrounding Yb through multi‐atomic polar bonds, suggest a transitional scenario between the monogermanides formed by alkaline‐earth elements and those formed by trivalent rare‐earth metals.
Sugar detection using drop evaporation
Authors: Qu Yixiao , Ma Zhengyuan , Zhang Min , Huang Xing , Xuan Lujia , Ding Rui , Liao Wenya , Wu Zhiqiang , Lin Yihe , Hu Kami , Liu Zheng , Chen Ruoyang , He Hui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEvaporation deposition of a spilt sugary drop on the supporting surface can attract ants to surround it. People have a long history of using this phenomenon as an implication of sugar in the drop. Unfortunately, it is hard to detect sugar concentration and has to depend exclusively on ants. Here, we show a facile strategy for the eye‐naked detection on sugar concentrations in common liquid mixtures, based on their evaporation depositions. Our experiments show that evaporation drops without any sugar form clear ring‐like depositions, and the width of the ring area enlarges with the increase in sugar concentration. We demonstrate that the increase in sugar concentration can increase the liquid viscosity and decrease the capillary flow velocity, thus weakening the “coffee ring” effect. Our further experiments indicate that the temperature has insignificant effects on the correlation between sugar concentrations and ring‐like depositions, but the substrate wettability impacts on the correlation by promoting the formation of ring‐like depositions. Based on the mechanism study, we develop a strategy for detecting sugar concentrations via quantitatively correlating them with the width of the ring area, and demonstrate that it is valid for various liquid mixtures, for example, carbonate beverage, liquid medicine, and plant nutrient. Our findings not only present new insights into the understanding of the sugary drop evaporation, but also provide a facile strategy of detecting sugar concentration that promises great applications in food safety, pharmaceutical detection, and agricultural product measurements.
The Impact of Triptorelin on Hormone Levels in Human and Its Metabolite Confirmation Using Liquid Chromatography–Ion Trap/Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS‐IT‐TOF) and Liquid Chromatography–Orbitrap (LC‐Orbitrap) for Doping Control Analysis
Authors: Saardpun Navaporn , Asawesna Cholsittapan , Kaewklam Seksun , Sangkhum Premsant , Kongchareonsombat Wisoot , Kusamran Thanit , Pinthong Darawan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTriptorelin, a synthetic gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone (GnRH), is mainly used in the clinical treatment of prostate cancer. The mechanism initially stimulates luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone secretion followed by suppression, resulting in a reduction in cancer progression. However, GnRHs are prohibited in doping control because of the indirect surge of LH and testosterone. Therefore, GnRH analog detection and confirmation are enforced by World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) requirements. The effects of triptorelin on LH and endogenous steroid levels in urine and serum of five prostate cancer patients taking triptorelin for the first time were investigated and compared with leuprorelin. The samples were collected at 0.0 h, 3.0 h, 6.0 h, 1 month, and 3 months later after drug administration. The effect of triptorelin on LH levels was measured using a sandwich enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA). Testosterone and endogenous steroid levels were monitored using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Triptorelin showed an advantage over leuprorelin on LH and testosterone suppression, which is preferable to use for prostate cancer treatment. In this study, triptorelin (5–10), a unique in vivo metabolite, was found in urine and serum and verified with synthetic triptorelin (5–10). The metabolite was analyzed using liquid chromatography combined with Orbitrap (LC‐Orbitrap) and liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC/MS‐IT‐TOF). When triptorelin levels are undetectable, the presence of triptorelin (5–10) in human urine can be used as evidence that triptorelin is being misused in doping control.
Experimental study on dynamic behavior analysis of coal and its acoustic emission response characteristics under impact failure
Authors: Zhang Wei , Fu Huijian , Liu Yingke , Long Zhaoxi , Liu Yang , Yang Tengrui , Sun Yanbo , Jiang Mingjun , Wen Xiaojiang , Niu Yue , Cheng Ruixi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn coal mines, dynamic disasters such as rock bursts seriously threaten the safety of mining activities. Exploring the dynamic behaviors and disaster characteristics in the impact failure process of coal serves as the basis and prerequisite for monitoring and warning rock bursts. In this context, impact failure tests of coal were carried out under different axial static loads and impact velocities to analyze the dynamic behaviors and acoustic emission (AE) response characteristics of coal. The results show that the dynamic behaviors of coal under combined dynamic and static loads are significantly different from those under static loads, and the stress‐strain curve displays double peaks without an obvious compaction stage. As the axial static load grows, the dynamic strength and peak strain both have a quadratic function with the axial static load. When the coal damage intensifies instantaneously, the AE count and energy parameters both witness pulse‐like increases and reach their peak values. The damage effect of axial static loads on coal, though limited, has an extreme point. In contrast, the impact velocity can strengthen the response of AE signals and has linear function relationships with the peak values of AE count and energy. This plays a leading role in the damage to samples and sets a critical point for coal failure and fracture. Compared with the analysis results of stress and strain, the responses of AE signals are more accurate and reliable. Based on AE response characteristics, the damage evolution process of coal under the combined dynamic and static loads can be identified more accurately to reveal the moment corresponding to coal damage and the characteristics of coal failure. The research results are conducive to the further application of AE monitoring methods to early warning of rock burst disasters in coal mining sites.
Diagnosis Osteoporosis Risk: Using Machine Learning Algorithms Among Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS)
Authors: Tabib Saghar , Alizadeh Seyed Danial , Andishgar Aref , Pezeshki Babak , Keshavarzian Omid , Tabrizi Reza 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn Iran, the assessment of osteoporosis through tools like dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry poses significant challenges due to their high costs and limited availability, particularly in small cities and rural areas. Our objective was to employ a variety of machine learning (ML) techniques to evaluate the accuracy and precision of each method, with the aim of identifying the most accurate pattern for diagnosing the osteoporosis risks.MethodsWe analysed the data related to osteoporosis risk factors obtained from the Fasa Adults Cohort Study in eight ML methods, including logistic regression (LR), baseline LR, decision tree classifiers (DT), support vector classifiers (SVC), random forest classifiers (RF), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), K nearest neighbour classifiers (KNN) and extreme gradient boosting (XGB). For each algorithm, we calculated accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score and area under the curve (AUC) and compared them.ResultsThe XGB model with an AUC of 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74–0.82) and an accuracy of 0.79 (0.75–0.83) demonstrated the best performance, while AUC and accuracy values of RF were achieved (0.78 and 0.77), LR (0.78 and 0.77), LDA (0.78 and 0.76), DT (0.76 and 0.79), SVC (0.71 and 0.64), KNN (0.63 and 0.59) and baseline LR (0.72 and 0.82), respectively.ConclusionThe XGB model had the best performance in assessing the risk of osteoporosis in the Iranian population. Given the disadvantages and challenges associated with traditional osteoporosis diagnostic tools, the implementation of ML algorithms for the early identification of individuals with osteoporosis can lead to a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality related to this condition. This advancement not only alleviates the substantial financial burden placed on the healthcare systems of various countries due to the treatment of complications arising from osteoporosis but also encourages health policies to shift toward more preventive approaches for managing this disease.