bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partner fidelity and environmental filtering preserve stage‐specific turtle ant gut symbioses for over 40 million years
Authors: Hu Yi , D'Amelio Catherine L. , Béchade Benoît , Cabuslay Christian S. , Łukasik Piotr , Sanders Jon G. , Price Shauna , Fanwick Emily , Powell Scott , Moreau Corrie S. , Russell Jacob A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSustaining beneficial gut symbioses presents a major challenge for animals, including holometabolous insects. Social insects may meet such challenges through partner fidelity, aided by behavioral symbiont transfer and transgenerational inheritance through colony founders. We address such potential through colony‐wide explorations across 13 eusocial, holometabolous insect species in the ant genus Cephalotes. Through amplicon sequencing, we show that previously characterized worker microbiomes are conserved in soldier castes, that adult microbiomes exhibit trends of phylosymbiosis, and that Cephalotes cospeciate with their most abundant adult‐enriched symbiont. We find, also, that winged queens harbor worker‐like microbiomes prior to colony founding, suggesting vertical inheritance as a means of partner fidelity. Whereas some adult‐abundant symbionts colonize larvae, larval gut microbiomes are uniquely characterized by environmental bacteria from the Enterobacteriales, Lactobacillales, and Actinobacteria. Distributions across Cephalotes larvae suggest more than 40 million years of conserved environmental filtering and, thus, a second sustaining mechanism behind an ancient, developmentally partitioned symbiosis.
Niobium Bis‐ and Mono(Pentafulvene) Complexes: E−H Bond Cleavage and Insertion Reactions (E=C, N, O)
Authors: de Graaff Simon , Eilers Marcel , Buschermöhle Julia , Bengen Nina , Dierks Anna , Schmidtmann Marc , Manßen Manfred , Beckhaus Rüdiger 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBis(η5:η1‐(di‐para‐tolyl)pentafulvene)niobium chloride (1) reacts with methyl lithium via salt metathesis to the methylated bis(pentafulvene)niobium complex 2, and with lithium 2,6‐diisopropylanilide addition and subsequent N−H bond activation to the imido mono(pentafulvene)niobium complex 3. Avoiding the competing protonation of the chloride, bis(pentafulvene)niobium complex 2 reacts with primary aromatic and aliphatic amines to form terminal niobocene imido complexes, and with water to form the analog terminal oxo complex. Secondary methyl amines undergo a simultaneous N−H and C−H activation to form niobaaziridines under mild conditions. In contrast to other reported examples, 3 can be employed to investigate the uncontested reactivity of mono(pentafulvene)niobium complexes. Reaction with 4‐tert‐butylphenol selectively yields a niobocene phenolate complex. Unprecedented for mono(pentafulvene)niobium complexes, treating 3 with multiple‐bond‐containing substrates (nitriles, isocyanates) smoothly results the insertion into the Nb‐Cexo σ‐bond, forming the corresponding alkylidene amido and imidato complexes.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Multicomponent Reaction of Quinoxalinones with Alkenes and Zhdankin Reagent through Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Jiang Yu , Liu Wen‐Hao , Xia Zi‐Hao , Zhao Han‐Qing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA photo‐induced three‐component coupling reaction of quinoxalinones with unactivated alkenes and azidobenziodoxolone (ABX, Zhdankin reagent) was developed. The protocol provides an efficient approach for the synthesis of various bioactive organoazides with quinoxalinone scaffold in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. This reaction is environmentally friendly avoiding the use of expensive transition‐metal photocatalysts and stoichiometric oxidants.
Earth as a time crystal: macroscopic nature of a quantum-scale phenomenon from transformative moderation of geomagnetic polarity, topography, and climate by precession resonance due to many-body entrainment
Authors: Omerbashich Mensur 
Published: December 2022

Claims of paleodata periodicity are many and controversial, so that, for
example, superimposing Phanerozoic (0–541 My) mass-extinction periods
renders life on Earth impossible. This period hunt coincided with the
modernization of geochronology, which now ties geological timescales to
orbital frequencies. Such tuneup simplifies energy-band (variance-)
stratification of information contents, enabling the separation of
astronomical signals from harmonics, e.g., using variance-based spectral
analysis. I thus show on diverse data (geomagnetic polarity, cratering,
extinction episodes) as a proxy of planetary paleodynamics that
many-body subharmonic entrainment induces a resonant response of the
Earth to astronomical forcing so that the 2π-phase-shifted axial
precession p=26 ky, and its Pi=2πp/i; i=1,…,n harmonics, get
resonantly responsible for virtually all paleodata periods. This
resonantly quasiperiodic nature of strata is co-triggered by a
p’/4-lockstep to the p’=41-ky obliquity (also 2π-phase-shifted, to
P’=3.5-My superperiod). For verification, residuals analysis after
suppressing 2πp (and thus Pi, too) in the current polarity-reversals
GPTS-95 timescale’s calibration extending to end-Campanian (0–83 My)
successfully detected weak signals of Earth-Mars planetary resonances,
reported previously from older epochs. The significant intrinsic
residual signal is 26.5-My Rampino period — the carrier wave of
crushing deflections co-responsible for transformative polarity
reversals. While the (2πp, Pi) resonant response of the Earth to orbital
forcing is the long-sought energy transfer mechanism of the Milankovitch
theory, fundamental system properties — 2π-phase-shift, ¼ lockstep to
a forcer, and the discrete time translation symmetry (multiplied or
halved periods) — previously thought confined to (quantum) time
crystal, here appear macroscopic, rendering the concept of time crystal
unremarkable. In turn, such a surprising cross-scale outcome has
confirmed the main result: that of planetary precession being a
cataclysmic geodynamic phenomenon as claimed in the past, e.g., as the
mechanism for Earth expansion; then a time crystal in quantum dynamics
could be due to particle entrainment, such as the collisions resulting
in Feshbach resonances.
Hybrid precoding design forMmWavemulti‐user massiveMIMOsystems under high mobility
Authors: Faragallah Osama S. , El‐sayed Hala S. , El‐Mashed Mohamed G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStudying hybrid precoding in a high mobility scenario is challenging task. Because the channel changes quickly with time and becomes double selective fading in the spatial domain. As a result, there is a difficulty to achieve perfect channel state information or estimate the channel under high mobility. In this paper, an applicable hybrid precoding based on amplitude and phase excitation beams for millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems is proposed under high speed railway. The proposed hybrid precoding uses the data from the locations of the mobile stations to build the amplitude and phase beam matrix. The proposed precoders and decoders are designed to maximize the mobile service. An optimization problem of mobile service maximization is formulated for designing hybrid precoders and decoders. To solve the optimization problem, a heuristic technique under power constraint is provided. The proposed hybrid precoding algorithm is compared with analog only beam steering algorithm, partially connected hybrid precoding algorithm and fully connected hybrid precoding algorithm. Results illustrated that the proposed precoding scheme outperforms the other precoding algorithms and handover success probability is enhanced under high mobility.
Effect of seaweed (Ecklonia cava extract) on blood glucose and insulin level on prediabetic patients: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Almutairi Malak Ghazi , Aldubayan Khalid , Molla Haneen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo investigate the effect of polyphenolic‐rich seaweed extract (Ecklonia cava) on postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) and postprandial insulin level (PPIL) as well as investigating any associated side effects related to the study intervention in 20 prediabetic patients in Saudi Arabia. The double‐blind, randomized‐controlled trial was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 in Riyadh, in 20 prediabetic patients with no other health complications. Subjects were given 600 mg of seaweed extract in a single dose for acute effect investigation. PPBG and PPIL were measured immediately at intervals of 30, 60, 90, and 120 min following 75 g of carbohydrate consumption, iAUC and peak concentration were calculated accordingly. Insignificant differences were shown for PPBG levels between study groups at intervals of 30 and 60 min (p > .05). However, PPBG results were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to placebo of 90 and 120 min after carbohydrate (75 g) consumption. The mean (SD) of PPBG in the seaweed group at 90 and 120 min was 108.1 (±8.9) and 101.3 (±8.7), respectively, compared to the placebo group at 90 and 120 min with a mean of 122.2 (±16.9) and 112.9 (±12.1), respectively (p value at 90 min = 0.032) and (p value at 120 min = 0.024). iAUC of PPBG shows no significant differences between the study groups (p > .05). There was no significant difference in PPIL between study groups at all study measurements (p > .05). Discomfort symptoms were similar between study groups (p > .05). This study indicated that a single dose of 600 mg of E. cava extract has a lowering effect on postprandial blood glucose with no associated side effects. Further research should investigate the glycemic modulating effects of marine algal extracts in the long‐term investigation.
Hederagenin suppresses glioma cell biological activities via Nur77 in vitro study
Authors: Dai Yuxiang , Masra Ngarmbaye , Zhou Lu , Yu Chen , Jin Wei , Ni Hongbin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this research was to discuss Hederagenin's antitumor effects on glioma by in vitro study. U251 and U87 cell lines were used as research target in our research. In the first step, the different Hed concentrations were treated to U251 and U87 cell lines, and the second step is Nur77 transfection in U251 and U87 with Hed treatment; measuring cell proliferation by MTT and EdU staining; evaluating cell invasion and migration abilities by transwell assay and relative gene and protein expressions by RT‐qPCR and WB assay. Compared with NC group, U251 and U87 cell proliferation were significantly depressed with cell apoptosis significantly increasing, and cell invasion and migration abilities were significantly inhibited in Hed‐treated groups (p< .05, respectively); however, with Nur77 transfection, the Hed's antitumor effects disappeared. Meanwhile, with Hed supplement, Nur77, PI3K, and AKT gene expressions were significantly downregulated (p< .05, respectively) in Hed‐treated groups; and Nur77, p‐PI3K, and p‐AKT protein expressions were significantly decreased (p< .05, respectively) in Hed‐treated groups. Hed had antitumor effects on glioma cell biological activities via Nur77/PI3K/AKT pathway in vitro study.
Linear multi‐scale modeling of diffusion MRI data: A framework for characterization of oriented structures across length scales
Authors: Wichtmann Barbara D. , Fan Qiuyun , Eskandarian Laleh , Witzel Thomas , Attenberger Ulrike I. , Pieper Claus C. , Schad Lothar , Rosen Bruce R. , Wald Lawrence L. , Huang Susie Y. , Nummenmaa Aapo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW‐MRI) has evolved to provide increasingly sophisticated investigations of the human brain's structural connectome in vivo. Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) is a method that reconstructs the orientation distribution of diffusion within tissues over a range of length scales. In its original formulation, RSI represented the signal as consisting of a spectrum of Gaussian diffusion response functions. Recent technological advances have enabled the use of ultra‐high b‐values on human MRI scanners, providing higher sensitivity to intracellular water diffusion in the living human brain. To capture the complex diffusion time dependence of the signal within restricted water compartments, we expand upon the RSI approach to represent restricted water compartments with non‐Gaussian response functions, in an extended analysis framework called linear multi‐scale modeling (LMM). The LMM approach is designed to resolve length scale and orientation‐specific information with greater specificity to tissue microstructure in the restricted and hindered compartments, while retaining the advantages of the RSI approach in its implementation as a linear inverse problem. Using multi‐shell, multi‐diffusion time DW‐MRI data acquired with a state‐of‐the‐art 3 T MRI scanner equipped with 300 mT/m gradients, we demonstrate the ability of the LMM approach to distinguish different anatomical structures in the human brain and the potential to advance mapping of the human connectome through joint estimation of the fiber orientation distributions and compartment size characteristics.
Multiresponse optimization of exhaust thermoelectric generator using Taguchi‐based gray relation analysis
Authors: Patil Dipak S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe best operating condition of the exhaust thermoelectric generator (ETEG) provides more power output and low‐pressure drop (low‐PD). So it is required to optimize the operating condition of the ETEG. In the present work, Taguchi's L18(61 33) orthogonal array was chosen to find the optimal parameters. Analysis of variance was used to determine the percent contribution of the control factors such as engine loads (ELs), different types of heat exchangers (HEs) with and without inserts, water flow rate (WFR), and external load resistance (ELR) on the thermoelectric power output and PD in the HE. The confirmation test was carried out at optimum levels for the regression equations and Taguchi method. Gray relational analysis was performed to find the optimum value of the power output and PD. It is observed that the optimal operating condition is EL6 HE1 WFR3 ELR2 (EL6 = 10 kg, HE1 = G‐type test section, WFR3 = 0.08 kg/s, and ELR2 = 40 Ω).
Risk assessment of urban rainstorm flood disaster based on land use/land cover simulation
Authors: Huang Jing , Yang Yabin , Yang Yang , Fang Zhou , Wang Huimin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnder the urbanization context, land use/land cover (LULC) changes rapidly which affects both the probability of urban flood disaster and its consequence. In order to explore the impact of LULC changes on rainstorm flood disaster risk in the future, a framework of rainstorm flood disaster risk assessment is constructed from natural‐social perspective through LULC simulation based on the patch‐generating land use simulation (PLUS) model in this study. Specifically, the spatial LULC under three future development scenarios (inertia development scenario, economic priority scenario and sustainable development scenario) for the year 2030 is simulated, and then assessment model of rainstorm flood disaster risk is constructed through obtaining inundation depth and social vulnerability based on simulated LULC. Jingdezhen City in China is selected as an example. The results show that proposed risk assessment framework based on PLUS model can be used to detect the risk changes in different development scenarios. The risk of urban rainstorm flood disaster under economic priority scenario is most severe and risk under the sustainable development scenario is the lowest under the same return period rainstorm. Under the sustainable development scenario, green land including forest land, grassland and open water increases, which reduces the surface runoff and decrease the risk of rainstorm flood disaster effectively, however the reduction is limited with the greater rainstorm return period. Therefore, adaptive measures should be implemented together with land use planning to prevent and control urban flood risk. This study provides a framework to predict the future risk of urban rainstorm flood under different development scenarios, which can support for flood disaster risk prevention and urban sustainable development.
Working with legal small‐scale miners: Implications for development
Authors: Botchwey Gabriel , Nest Michael , D'Emidio Riccardo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDevelopment initiatives focused on illegal artisanal and small‐scale mining (ASM) typically assume that formalisation will address environmental degradation and poverty. But there is little research on legal small‐scale miners' (SSMs) perceptions of their environmental impacts, or on demographic characteristics that should inform development programmes. Based on a survey of 137 legal SSMs, this study analysed the perceptions and practices of legal SSMs within the context of an accountability, rule of law and anti‐corruption programme, with an environmental governance subtheme, in Ghana. Data suggest that formalisation may not be a panacea for improving environmental governance, findings with policy and practical implications for development programmes.
MicroRNA dysregulations in Merkel cell carcinoma: Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications
Authors: Mazziotta Chiara , Cervellera Christian Felice , Lanzillotti Carmen , Touzé Antoine , Gaboriaud Pauline , Tognon Mauro , Martini Fernanda , Rotondo John Charles 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin malignancy with two distinct etiologies. The first, which accounts for the highest proportion, is caused by Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), a DNA tumor virus. A second, UV‐induced, MCC form has also been identified. Few MCC diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic options are available. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules, which play a key role in regulating various physiologic cellular functions including cell cycling, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Numerous miRNAs are dysregulated in cancer, by acting as either tumor suppressors or oncomiRs. The aim of this review is to collect, summarize, and discuss recent findings on miRNAs whose dysregulation has been assumed to play a role in MCC. The potential clinical application of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in MCC is also described. In the future, miRNAs will potentially gain clinical significance for the improvement of MCC diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic options.
Low COVID‐19 vaccine coverage and guardian acceptance among pediatric transplant recipients
Authors: Zheng Zhigang , Lu Yefeng , Wang Min , Luo Yi , Wan Ping , Zhou Tao , Feng Mingxuan , Zhu Jianjun , Wu Ji , Ji Hao , Song Yanyan , Zhang Ting , Zhu Yanbo , Cao Qing , Chen Jing , Xia Qiang , Xue Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo investigate COVID‐19 vaccine coverage in immunosuppressed children, assess guardians' intention to vaccinate children, and determine reasons and associated factors. In addition, we attempted to capture the characteristics of them with Omicron. We obtained the vaccination coverage and guardian vaccine acceptance among pediatric transplant recipients through a web‐based questionnaire conducted from April 12 to 28, 2022, and performed the statistical analysis. Seven organ transplant recipient children with Omicron were also clinically analyzed. The three‐dose vaccine coverage for liver transplant (n = 563) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 122) recipient children was 0.9% and 4.9%, and guardian vaccine acceptance was 63.8%. Independent risk factors for vaccine acceptance were the child's age, geographic location, type of transplant, guardian's vaccination status, guardian's level of distress about epidemic events, guardian's risk perception ability, anxiety, and knowledge of epidemic control. The main reasons for vaccine hesitancy were fear of vaccine‐induced adverse events and doubts about efficacy. Ultimately, most children infected with Omicron have mild or no symptoms and are infected by intra‐family. Since vaccine coverage and guardian acceptance are lowest among liver transplant children, and the infected are mainly intra‐family, we should devise more targeted education and vaccination instructions for their guardians.
Longitudinal study comparing IgG antibodies induced by heterologous prime‐boost COVID‐19 vaccine
Authors: Lin‐Wang Hui Tzu , Damiani Lucas Petri , Farias Eduardo da Silva , Bajgelman Marcio Chaim , Gun Carlos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVaccines are critical cost‐effective tools to control the COVID‐19 pandemic. The heterologous prime‐boost vaccination has been used by many countries to overcome supply issues, so the effectiveness and safety of this strategy need to be better clarified. This study aims to verify the effect of heterologous prime‐boost COVID‐19 vaccination on healthcare professionals from Dante Pazzanese Hospital in Brazil. It was performed serological assays of vaccinated individuals after 2‐dose of CoronaVac (Sinovac; n = 89) or ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 (Oxford‐AstraZeneca; n = 166) followed by a BNT162b2 booster (Pfizer‐BioNTech; n = 255). The serum antibodies anti‐S (spike), anti‐N (nucleocapsid), and anti‐RBD (receptor binding domain) were assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The heterologous booster dose induced a 10‐fold higher anti‐Spike antibody regardless of the 2‐dose of a prime vaccine. It was strikingly observed that BNT162b2 enhanced levels of anti‐spike antibodies, even in those individuals who did not previously respond to the 2‐dose of CoronaVac. In conclusion, the heterologous scheme of vaccination using mRNA as a booster vaccine efficiently enhanced the antibody response against SARS‐CoV‐2, especially benefiting those elderly who were seronegative with a virus‐inactivated vaccine.
Association between public attention and monkeypox epidemic: A global lag‐correlation analysis
Authors: Yan Wenxin , Du Min , Qin Chenyuan , Liu Qiao , Wang Yaping , Liang Wannian , Liu Min , Liu Jue 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe human monkeypox has become a public health problem globally. Google Trends Index (GTI) is an indicator of public attention, being potential for infectious disease outbreak surveillance. In this study, we used lag‐correlation analysis to evaluate the spearman correlation coefficients between public attention and monkeypox epidemic by −36 to +36 days‐lag in top 20 countries with most cumulated cases until September 30, 2022, the meta‐analyses were performed to pool the coefficients of countries among all lags. We also constructed vector autoregression model and Granger‐causality test to probe the significance of GTI in monkeypox forecasting. The strongest spearman correlation was found at lag +13 day (r = 0.53, 95% confidence interval: 0.371–0.703, p < 0.05). Meta‐analysis showed significantly positive correlation when the lag was from −12 to +36 day, which was most notable on the third posterior day (lag +3 day). The pooled spearman correlation coefficients were all above 0.200 when the lag ranged from +1 to +20 day, and the causality of GTI for daily case was significant in worldwide and multiple countries. The findings suggested a robust association between 13‐days‐priority GTI and daily cases worldwide. This work introduced a potential monitor indicator on the early warning and surveillance of monkeypox outbreak.