bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for a cluster randomised trial to evaluate a community-level complementary-food safety and hygiene and nutrition intervention in Mali: The MaaCiwara study (version 1.2; 31 March 2022)
Authors: Watson Samuel I , Asamane Evans Atiah , Lilford Richard J , Hemming Karla , Sidibe Cheick , Rego Ryan T. , Bensassi Sami , Diarra Ayouba , Diarra Youssouf , Diop Samba , Gautam Om Prasad , Islam Mohammad Sirajul , Jackson Louise , Jolly Kate , Kayentao Kassoum , Koita Ousmane , Manjang Buba , Tebbs Susan , Gale Nicola , Griffiths Paula , Cairncross Sandy , Toure Ousmane , Manaseki-Holland Semira 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDiarrheal disease remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among the under-fives in many low- and middle-income countries. Changes to food safety practices and feeding methods around the weaning period, alongside improved nutrition, may significantly reduce the risk of disease and improve development for infants. This article describes a protocol for a cluster randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-faceted community-based educational intervention that aims to improve food safety and hygiene behaviours and enhance child nutrition.MethodsWe will conduct a mixed-methods, parallel cluster randomised controlled trial with baseline measures. 120 clusters comprising small urban and rural communities will be recruited in equal numbers and randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either treatment or control arms. Participants will be mother-child dyads (27 per cluster period) with children aged 6 to 24 months. Data collection will comprise a day of observation and interviews with each participating mother-child pair and will take place at baseline and four and 15 months post-intervention. The primary analysis will estimate the effectiveness of the intervention on changes to complementary food safety and preparation behaviours, food and water contamination, and diarrhoea. Secondary outcomes include maternal autonomy, enteric infection, nutritional content of meals, and child anthropometry. A secondary structural equation analysis will be conducted to examine the causal relationships between the different outcomes.ConclusionsThe trial will provide evidence on the effectiveness of community-based behavioural change and educational interventions designed to reduce the burden of diarrhoeal disease in the under fives, and how effectiveness varies across different contexts.Trial registrationISRCTN14390796
Effectiveness of a co-production with dialogue program for reducing stigma against mental illness: a quasi-experimental study with a pre- and post-test design
Authors: Nakanishi Eiichi , Tamachi Masahiro , Hashimoto Takeshi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For people with mental illness, stigma represents a barrier to social participation. Health professionals, including students, should not hold stigma-based perceptions of such individuals. Further, people with mental illness should not have self-stigma. This study aimed to develop—and examine the effectiveness of—a new program based on co-production with dialogue for reducing stigma among both health science students and people with mental illness. This was a quasi-experimental study, with a pre- and post-test design and no control group. The sample comprised 28 university students majoring in occupational therapy and 20 community-dwelling people with mental illness. The Co-Production with Dialogue Program for Reducing Stigma (CPD-RS) was administered to this sample. Link’s Devaluation Discrimination Scale (DDS) was used to assess whether the program reduced stigma. Compared to their pre-intervention scores, the students’ post-intervention DDS scores significantly decreased, persisting for at least one month, but those of people with mental illness showed no significant change. Both the students and people with mental illness evaluated the program as “positive” through a questionnaire administered two months after the intervention. These results suggest that the CPD-RS reduces health science students’ stigma toward people with mental illness and fosters mutual understanding among the two groups.
Probable Maximum Tropical Cyclone Parameters for East and West Coast of India
Authors: D Satish Kumar , Behera Manasa Ranjan , Nadella Saikrishna , Kumar A. Vinod 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Storm surge simulation models require certain parameters for evaluating the worst possible event that could occur at a site with respect to a certain return period. The most significant probable maximum tropical cyclone parameters are pressure deficiency at the centre (ΔP) and maximum wind speed (Vmax) during the cyclone. In this study the probable maximum tropical cyclone parameters that would yield the maximum probable storm surge along the Indian coasts of Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal are estimated. Datasets are created based on various existing data archives for each basin. The datasets are subjected to extreme value analysis for determining the ΔP and Vmax parameters. The data is fitted to various probability distributions (Gumbel, Frechet, Weibull and Log-normal) whose parameters (scale, shape, and location parameters) are estimated using graphical (least square fit) and numerical (order statistics approach) methods. A mean recurrence interval of 1,000 and 10,000 years is considered for strategic structures. The best fit distribution and its parameters are obtained based on goodness of fit criteria. The resulting ΔP and Vmax is compared with theoretical maximum cyclone parameter values of each basin and revised till an optimal set of values are reached. The analysis shows that ΔP and Vmax values for Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal are best represented by Weibull distribution. The estimated parameters are useful input to a storm surge model to determine the design basis flood level for the strategic coastal sites.
Health insurance fraud detection by using an attributed heterogeneous information network with a hierarchical attention mechanism
Authors: Lu Jiangtao , Lin Kaibiao , Chen Ruicong , Lin Ming , Chen Xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: With the rapid growth of healthcare services, health insurance fraud detection has become an important measure to ensure efficient use of public funds. Traditional fraud detection methods have tended to focus on the attributes of a single visit and have ignored the behavioural relationships of multiple visits by patients. Results: We propose a health insurance fraud detection model based on a multi-level attention mechanism that we call MHAMFD. Specifically, we use an attributed heterogeneous information network (AHIN) to model different types of objects and their rich attributes and interactions in a healthcare scenario. MHAMFD selects appropriate neighbour nodes based on the behavioural relationships at different levels of a patient’s visit. We also designed a hierarchical attention mechanism to aggregate complex semantic information from the interweaving of different levels of behavioural relationships of patients. This increases the feature representation of objects and makes the model interpretable by identifying the main factors of fraud. Conclusions: Experimental results using real datasets showed that MHAMFD detected health insurance fraud with better accuracy than existing methods. This suggests that the behavioral relationships between patients’ multiple visits can also be of great help to us in detecting health care fraud. Subsequent research fraud detection methods can also take into account the different behavioral relationships between patients.
Epidemiology of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Himalayan ranges and Sub-Himalayan planes: A retrospective hospital data-based study.
Authors: kanaujia vinay , NEYAZ OSAMA , Yadav Rajkumar , Sarkar Bhaskar , Azam Quamar , Kandwal Pankaj 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Study design:
A retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive analysis based on hospital data.
Objectives
To compile epidemiological characteristics of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in the Northern Indian Himalayan regions and sub-Himalayan planes.
Setting:
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Spine unit of Trauma Centre in a tertiary care hospital, Uttarakhand, India
Methods
People hospitalized at the tertiary care centre between August 2018 to November 2021 are included in the study sample. A pre-structured proforma was employed for the evaluation, including demographic and epidemiological characteristics.
Results
TSCI was found in 167 out of 3120 trauma patients. The age range of people with TSCI was 33.5 ± 13.3, with a male to female ratio of 2.4:1. Eighty-three participants (49.7%) were from the plains, while the hilly region accounts for 50.3%. People from the plains had a 2.9:1 rural-to-urban ratio, whereas the hilly region had a 6:1 ratio. The overall most prevalent cause was Falls (59.3%), followed by road traffic accidents (RTAs) (35.9%). RTAs (57.2%) were the most common cause of TSCI in the plains' urban regions, while Falls (58.1%) were more common in rural plains. In both urban (66.6%) and rural (65.3%) parts of the hilly region, falls were the most common cause.
Conclusions
In contrast to developed countries, falls rather than RTAs are the major cause. In hilly terrains, primary care providers should be trained in the initial care and safe transfer of TSCI. Enforcing preventive measures and promoting awareness is a vital element in TSCI prevention.
SphK-produced S1P in somatic cells is indispensable for LH-EGFR signaling-induced mouse oocyte maturation
Authors: Yuan Feifei , Hao Xiaoqiong , Cui Yanying , Huang Fuxin , Zhang Xiao , Sun Yanli , Hao Tiantian , Wang Zhijuan , Xia Wei , Su Youqiang , Zhang Meijia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Germ cells division and differentiation requires intimate contact and interaction with the surrounding somatic cells. Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factors to promote oocyte maturation and developmental competence by activating EGF receptor (EGFR) in somatic cells. Here, we show that LH-EGFR signaling activates sphingosine kinases (SphK1 and SphK2) of somatic cells to generate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P increases phospholamban (PLN) and calcium levels of cumulus cells and then decreases the binding affinity of natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) for natriuretic peptide type C (NPPC), thus releasing the cGMP-mediated meiotic arrest. S1P also activates the Akt/mTOR cascade reaction in oocytes to promote targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) accumulation and oocyte developmental competence. Specifically depleting Sphk1/2 in somatic cells reduces S1P levels and impairs oocyte meiotic maturation and developmental competence, resulting in complete female infertility. Collectively, SphK-produced S1P in somatic cells serves as a functional transmitter of LH-EGFR signaling from somatic cells to oocytes: acting on somatic cells to induce oocyte meiotic maturation, and acting on oocytes to improve oocyte developmental competence.
Overcoming energy poverty in childhood from a policy perspective
Authors: González-Pijuan Irene , Ambrose Aimee , Middlemiss Lucie , Tirado-Herrero Sergio , Fashanu Christina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It is proven that children experience specific impacts on their mental and physical health as well as their educational attainment as a result of living in energy poverty. International guidelines and requirements underline the right of every child to an adequate standard of living and the need for all policy to take children into account. This paper aims to understand the extent to which energy policies target children in energy poverty and acknowledge their differential needs and impacts. The paper is based on a study of EU-SILC data and the analysis of policy documents across the 28 countries that by the end of 2019 formed the European Union. The analysis reveals how energy policies mostly consider children only within the context of their families, tending to provide greater support to larger families, while data suggests single parent families are at higher risk of energy poverty. Generally, children tend to be seen as passive subjects in energy policy, are not involved in its development, and their own perspectives and needs are neglected.
Herpes simplex type 1 UL43 multiple membrane-spanning protein increases energy metabolismin of host cells through interacting with ARL2
Authors: Li Shiyu , Zhong Zhiying , Geng Chengxu , Dai Zhenning , Zheng Weihan , Li Ziyue , Deng Jianshan , Huang Wenhua , Wang Feng , Sun Hanxiao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Non-essential proteins for viral replication affect host cell metabolism, while the function of the UL43 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is not clear. Here, we performed a global microarray analysis of HUVEC cells infected with HSV-1 and its UL43-deficient mutant and found significant variation in genes associated with cellular energy metabolic pathways. The localization of UL43 protein in host cells and how it affects cellular energy metabolism pathways were further investigated. Our results showed that UL43 protein could be endocytosis mediated by YPLF motif (aa 144 – 147) and localized to mitochondria through internalization analysis. At the same time, more ATP was produced by coupling with mitochondrial small G protein ARF-like 2 (ARL2) GTPase, which triggered the phosphorylation of ANT1 (SLC25A4) to affect the opening degree of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), and significantly promoted the aerobic oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation of glucose. It is the first time to prove the new mechanism of UL43 protein binding to mitochondrial small G protein. UL43 protein is also a valuable ATP stimulating factor for mammalian cells.
Exercise intensity during exergaming in wheelchair-dependent persons with SCI
Authors: Wouda Matthijs , Gaupseth Jon-Arve , Bengtson Espen , Johansen Truls , Brembo Espen , Lundgaard Eivind 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Study design
Cross-sectional study
Objectives
It is challenging for persons with SCI, especially those who are wheelchair dependent, to find suitable and motivating aerobic exercise modes. Exergaming might be a good option, since it is relatively cheap and can be played at home, alone or with others. However, it is unknown if exergaming is performed at a sufficient exercise intensity.
Setting
Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Norway.
Methods
Twenty-two men and two women (n = 24) with chronic SCI (AIS A-C), all wheelchair users, were included during inpatient rehabilitation. All participant performed a maximal arm-cranking test (pretest), while measuring peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and peak heart rate (HRpeak). The day after they had a practice playing session with three different exergames (X-box Kinect, Fruit Ninja; Nintendo Wii, Wii Sports Boxing; VR Oculus Rift, boxing). The following day, participants played each exergame for 15 minutes. During these 45 minutes of exergaming, exercise intensity, based on VO2peak and HRpeak from the pretest, was monitored.
Results
Approximately 30 of the 45 minutes of exergaming was performed at moderate or high intensity. Participants exercised on average 24 (> 50–80% VO2peak) or 14 (> 70–85% HRpeak) minutes at moderate intensity and seven (> 80% VO2peak) or 15 (> 85% HRpeak) minutes at high intensity.
Conclusions
The participants were able to exercise at moderate or high intensity during exergaming in a considerable amount of time. Exergaming seems to be suitable for aerobic exercise at an intensity that can provide health benefits in wheelchair-dependent persons with SCI.
A framework for seroepidemiologic investigations in future pandemics: insights from an evaluation of WHO’s Unity Studies initiative
Authors: Hennessey Karen , Pezzoli Lorenzo , Mantel Carsten 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background. The WHO Unity Studies initiative supports countries, especially low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), to conduct seroepidemiologic studies for rapidly informing responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Ten generic study protocols were developed which standardized epidemiologic and laboratory methods. WHO provided technical support, serological assays, and funding for study implementation. An external evaluation was conducted to assess 1) the usefulness of study findings in guiding response strategies, 2) management and support to conduct studies, and 3) capacity built from engagement with the initiative. Methods. The evaluation focused on the three most used protocols, first few cases, household transmission, and population-based serosurvey, 66% of 339 studies tracked by WHO. All 158 principal investigators (PIs) with contact information were surveyed online. Interviews were conducted with 15 PIs (randomly selected within WHO regions), 14 WHO Unity focal points at country, regional and global levels, 12 WHO global-level stakeholders, and eight external partners. Interviews were coded in MAXQDA™, synthesized into findings, and cross-verified by a second reviewer. Results. Among 69 (44%) survey respondents, 61 (88%) were from LMICs. Ninety-five percent gave positive feedback on technical support, 87% reported findings contributed to COVID-19 understanding, 65% for guiding public health and social measures, and 58% for guiding vaccination policy. Survey and interview groups responses showed that the main technical barriers to using study findings were study quality, variations in study methods (challenge for meta-analysis), completeness of reporting study details, and clarity of communicating findings. Untimely study findings was another barrier, caused by delays in ethical clearance, receipt of serological assays, and approval to share findings. There was strong agreement that the initiative created equitable research opportunities, connected expertise, and facilitated study implementation. Around 90% of respondents agreed the initiative should continue in the future. Conclusions. The Unity Studies initiative created a highly valued community of practice, contributed to study implementation and research equity, and serves as valuable framework for future pandemics. To strengthen this platform, WHO should establish emergency-mode procedures to facilitate timeliness and continue to build capacity to rapidly conduct high-quality studies and communicate findings in a format friendly to decision-makers.
Mapping and systematic appraisal of umbrella reviews in biomedical literature: A protocol
Authors: Belbasis Lazaros , Brooker Robin D , Zavalis Emmanuel , Pezzullo Angelo Maria , Axfors Cathrine , Ioannidis John PA 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Umbrella reviews have emerged as a study design to deal with the increasing number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. There is a rapid increase in the number of umbrella reviews being published, but there is no systematic assessment of their methodological and reporting characteristics. Our study will aim to fill this gap by performing a systematic mapping of umbrella reviews in biomedical literature.
Methods
We will perform a systematic review in PubMed to identify all the umbrella reviews that were published from inception until March 11, 2022. We will consider eligible any research article which was designated as an umbrella review in its title or abstract and summarizes systematic reviews and meta-analyses of any type of studies. From each eligible article, we will extract information about the research topic, the methodological characteristics, and the reporting characteristics. We will examine whether the umbrella reviews assessed the strength of the available evidence and the rigor of the included systematic reviews. We will also examine whether these characteristics change across time.
Discussion
Our study will systematically appraise the methodological and reporting characteristics of published umbrella reviews in biomedical literature. The findings of our study can be used to improve the design and conduct of future umbrella reviews, to derive a standardized set of reporting and methodological guidelines for umbrella reviews, and to allow further meta-epidemiological work.
Systematic review registration:
osf.io/sxzc6
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Katayoshi Takeshi , Uehata Sachi , Nakashima Noe , Nakajo Takahisa , Kitajima Natsuko , Kageyama Masakatsu , Tsuji-Naito Kentaro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Many animal studies have shown that oral administration of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) prevents the reduction of NAD+ levels in organs and tissues, helping alleviate aging-related diseases. However, there are very few clinical reports of NMN supplementation in humans. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the influence of a 12-week NMN oral supplementation on biochemical and metabolic health parameters. A 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted. A total of 36 healthy middle-aged participants received one capsule of either 125 mg NMN or placebo twice a day. Among the NAD+ metabolites, the levels of nicotinamide in the blood were significantly higher in the NMN intake group than in the placebo group. Pulse wave velocity values indicating arterial stiffness tended to decrease in the NMN intake group. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups. Long-term NMN supplementation at 250 mg/day was well tolerated and did not cause adverse events. NMN safely and effectively elevated NAD+ metabolism in healthy middle-aged adults. Additionally, NMN supplementation showed potential in alleviating arterial stiffness.
Effect of Cardiac Tele-Rehabilitation on the Degree of Sexual Satisfaction in Patients with a Cardiac Rhythm Management Device and their Spouses: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rakhshan Mahnaz , Sabet-Ghadam Fatemeh , Janghorban Roksana , Jorat Mohammad Vahid , Keshtvarz-Hesam-Abadi Ali Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Several studies have reported various types of sexual dysfunction in cardiac patients. The present study aimed to assess the effect of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) through telenursing on the degree of sexual satisfaction in patients with a cardiac rhythm management device (CRMD) and their spouses.Methods: A clinical trial was conducted from October 2020 to May 2021 at two medical centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Shiraz, Iran). The target population were patients with a CRMD and their spouses. The permuted block randomization method was used to allocate participants into the intervention and control groups (n=34 couples each). The intervention group received nine CR sessions (one in-person session and eight telenursing sessions) over an 8-week period. The degree of sexual satisfaction of couples in both groups was assessed pre- and post-CR using the Index of Sexual Satisfaction (ISS) questionnaire.Results: Irrespective of the type of CRMD, no significant difference in the mean value of pre- and post-CR sexual satisfaction in patients and spouses was observed between the intervention and control groups (P>0.05). However, we observed a significant increase in post-CR sexual satisfaction (P=0.010) in the patients of intervention group. In the case of patients with a cardiac synchronized therapy (CRT) device, there was a significant difference in the mean value of sexual satisfaction between pre- and post-CR in the intervention (6.40±1.26) and control (-1.02±6.28) groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results showed the effectiveness of CR intervention through telenursing on the degree of sexual satisfaction in patients with a CRMD, particularly in those with a CRT device. Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT registration number: IRCT20200302046662N1, Registration Date: 07/03/2020.