bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aetiological factors of hoarseness of voice in patients attending at tertiary hospital Kashmir
Authors: Abbas Syed Waseem , Naikoo Javaid Ahmed , Maqsood Reshaib , Nisar Auqfeen , Ahmed Rauf 
Published: February 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Voice is an auditory perceptual term that means the audible sound produced by the larynx, which embodies such parameters as pitch, loudness, quality and variability. Hoarseness generally refers to a change in voice quality that may be manifested as a voice that sounds breathy, strained, rough, raspy, tremorous, strangled, or weak, or a voice that has a higher or lower pitch. The objective of the study was to evaluate the aetiological factors of hoarseness of voice.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods</strong>: This is a prospective, non- randomized and longitudinal study conducted from July 2019 to July 2020 in department of Otorhinolaryngology of SMHS Hospital, Kashmir, India. All the patients with history of hoarseness underwent clinical examination, routine as well as special investigation to find out the diagnosis. The final results were analyzed by simple manual analysis with frequency and percentage using Microsoft Excel software 2007.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>There were total 140 patients included in the study. Among them the age groups of 21 – 30 years and 31-40 years were mainly sufferers from hoarseness. Similarly, among 140 patients 100 (71.45%) were males whereas 40 (28.6%) were females with male to female ratio of 2.5. The most common cause as per the distribution was acid peptic laryngitis with frequency of 37.8% whereas papillary carcinoma of thyroid and papilloma of vocal cord accounts for only 0.4% each.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There was etiological variation in hoarseness ranging from simple laryngitis to malignancies. So it is important not to ignore the hoarseness and precise history, examination and investigations should be done. </p>
The mucormycosis surge in COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of associated risk factors and review of literature of reported cases
Authors: Mahato Chandrashekhar , Magon Navneet , Prasad Shail , Tyagi Amit Kumar 
Published: February 2022

<p class="abstract">COVID-19 patients are particularly susceptible to secondary infections, both bacterial and fungal, most likely due to immunological dysregulation. Secondary systemic mucormycosis was identified to be the significant cause of this epidemic among fungal infections. Post-COVID-19 complications are being reported all around the world, creating major pressure on healthcare services and the lives of the patients. PRISMA guidelines were used to conduct a literature review for articles published on COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis (CAM) between January 1, 2020, to May 18, 2021. The inclusion criteria were based on peer-reviewed studies in English covering cases with COVID-associated mucormycosis (CAM). Articles describing fungal coinfections that were not mucormycosis cases, non-COVID-19 cases, and studies with a lack of clarity were excluded from the review. The review includes 31 articles comprising of 21 Case Reports and 10 Case Series. Out of 104 cases, 76% were from India, 77.9% were males. Predisposing variables such as diabetes (71.15%), hypertension (37.5%), and ketoacidosis (10.6%) were found to be substantial contributors to the aggressive growth of opportunistic fungal infections such as mucormycosis. Rhino-orbital mucormycosis (n=47), followed by Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (n=32), and Pulmonary mucormycosis (n=10) were commonly reported in the case studies and literature reviews which presented either following COVID-19 infection or a few weeks after active COVID-19 infection. Significant mortality (36.9%) was reported among patients. As per our observations, CAM could be a serious consequence of severe COVID-19, especially in people with uncontrolled diabetes.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
PENTINGNYA KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN KERJA, STRES KERJA, DAN KEPUASAN KERJA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI GURU [THE IMPORTANCE OF QUALITY OF WORK LIFE, JOB STRESS, AND JOB SATISFACTION IN INCREASING THE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT OF TEACHERS]
Authors: Mulyani Sinta 
Published: February 2022

<div><p class="1eAbstract-text">Teachers are key in the formal education system. The school as an organization ideally has high committed members, thus avoiding turnover, since the effect of turnover is harmful to the school existence and the students also. This research aims to determine the effect of quality of work life, job stress, and job satisfaction on organizational commitment of the teachers in XYZ Elementary School. The research using closed questionnaire with Likert scale and the research subjects were 42 teachers. The design used in this study was SEM-PLS with outer model and inner model. The result showed that quality of work life has positive influence to organizational commitment, job stress influenced positively to organizational commitment, and job satisfaction has positive influence to organizational commitment. The research also found that quality of work life has positive influence to job satisfaction, while job stress influenced positively to job satisfaction.</p></div>
Fundamental Ethics In Islamic Political Thought
Authors: Rizky HK Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

This article attemps to explore the concept of shura and its possibility to be an ethical foundation of Islamic Political Thought. In order to discuss this issue, the main focus will be directed on two main discussion; The ground concepts of Islamic Political Thought, and The Islamic concepts: shura (consultation) It is already known that shura concepts has been widely interpreted as a theoretical basis for electoral democracy in Islam. The main purpose is to present a more philosopical view of Islamic political thought throught it ethical basis and to show that is possible to enrich the discourse on Islamic political though with ethical concept within Islamic dogma
A current look at the factors influencing face variability
Authors: Łącka Monika , Matthews‑Brzozowska Teresa 
Published: February 2022

The aesthetic perception of a face is multifactorial. The researchers most often focus on its proportions in terms of historical beauty canons, anthropological intercultural gender and race differences, and a multi‑faceted approach to aging, also at the molecular level. This multifaceted nature is the result of both individual and holistic perception of the phenomenon of beauty, which as a visual aspect is susceptible to optical illusions and cultural definition.
“Floating Hip” and “Floating Knee” Associated with Hip Dislocation, Sciatic Nerve Palsy, and Patella Fracture [RETRACTED]
Authors: Saini Mukesh Kumar 
Published: February 2022

Case:
We report a very rare case of simultaneous ipsilateral floating hip and floating knee (SIFHFK) injury with the neck of the femur and patella fracture and hip dislocation associated with sciatic nerve injury in a 45-year-old man after a road traffic accident. We adopted a staged approach for surgical fixation of the fractures after stabilization. At the latest 2 years follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic with satisfactory clinical outcome.

Conclusion:
SIFHFK injuries present a challenging and emergent clinical scenario and require extensive clinical experience, careful planning, and multidisciplinary teamwork because of the paucity of specific treatment protocols for the treatment of this complex injury.
Modulation of the Drosophila Transcriptome by Developmental Exposure to Alcohol
Authors: ANHOLT ROBERT , Morozova Tatiana V. , Shankar Vijay , MacPherson Rebecca A. , MACKAY TRUDY F. C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Prenatal exposure to ethanol can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), a prevalent, preventable pediatric disorder. Identifying genetic risk alleles for FASD is challenging since time, dose, and frequency of exposure are often unknown, and manifestations of FASD are diverse and evident long after exposure. Drosophila melanogaster is an excellent model to study the genetic basis of the effects of developmental alcohol exposure since many individuals of the same genotype can be reared under controlled environmental conditions. Results: We used 96 sequenced, wild-derived inbred lines from the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) to profile genome-wide transcript abundances in young adult flies that developed on ethanol-supplemented medium or standard culture medium. We found substantial genetic variation in gene expression in response to ethanol with extensive sexual dimorphism. We constructed sex-specific genetic networks associated with alcohol-dependent modulation of gene expression that include protein-coding genes, Novel Transcribed Regions (NTRs, postulated to encode long non-coding RNAs) and female-specific coordinated regulation of snoRNAs that regulate pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNA. We reared DGRP lines which showed extreme upregulation or downregulation of snoRNA expression during developmental alcohol exposure on standard or ethanol supplemented medium and demonstrated that developmental exposure to ethanol has genotype-specific effects on adult locomotor activity and sleep. Conclusions: There is significant and sex-specific natural genetic variation in the transcriptional response to developmental exposure to ethanol in Drosophila that comprises networks of genes affecting nervous system development and ethanol metabolism as well as networks of regulatory non-coding RNAs.
Melittin Regulates Iron Homeostasis as a Key Mediator of Macrophage Polarization in Rat Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Kim Hyunseong , Hong Jin Young , Jeon Wan-Jin , Lee Junseon , Lee Yoon Jae , Ha In-Hyuk 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is defined as the narrowing of the spinal canal, which compresses the nerves traveling through the lower back into the legs. Inflammation is the most common cause of LSS. Chronic pain induced by nerve damage results from chronic inflammation, and the inflammation response worsens with elevated iron stores. Furthermore, macrophage polarization to the M1 (inflammatory) or M2 (anti-inflammatory) type is essential for controlling host defense or repairing tissues. However, the precise function of macrophage polarization in iron release or retention in LSS pathophysiology is not well-understood. Here, we introduce melittin to modulate macrophage polarization related to iron metabolism for LSS treatment.Methods: Primary peritoneal macrophage were cultured in 200 or 500 ng/mL of melittin and FeSO4-containing medium for 24 h. Macrophage polarization was assessed by Immunofluorescence staining to CD86 or Arg1 antibodies. In an in vivo rat model of LSS, melittin were administered at 100 and 250 µg/kg, and in vivo effects of melittin on iron deposition-induced macrophage polarization was evaluated by immunochemistry, real time-PCR, and flow-cytometry. The locomotor functions were assessed by BBB, ladder scoring, and Von Frey test for up to 3 weeks. Results: In vitro experiments demonstrated that macrophages can be polarized toward an M2 phenotype after melittin treatment in iron-insulted primary macrophages. Treatment with 100 and 250 μg/kg melittin in a rat LSS model increased the proportion of M2 macrophages in the damaged spinal cord. Moreover, we found that melittin attenuated iron overload-induced M1 polarization via regulating iron metabolism-related genes in LSS rats. As a result, melittin improved locomotor recovery and stimulated axonal growth following LSS.Conclusion: Melittin can promote functional recovery in LSS models by activating M2 macrophages via controlling macrophage iron metabolism, suggesting the potential applications of melittin for treating LSS.
A Reliable and Quick Method for Screening Alternative Splicing Variants for Low-abundance Genes
Authors: Zhang Yanchun , Qu Wubin , Yan Ruifen , Liu Huqi , Li Zhihui , Zhang Chenggang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is an universal phenomenon in eukaryote and it's still challenge to identify AS events. Several methods have been developed to identify AS events, such as Expressed Sequence Tags (EST), microarray and RNA-seq. However, EST has limitation on identifying low-abundance genes, while microarray and RNA-seq are high-throughput technologies and they also need PCR-based technology to validate. To overcome the limitations of EST and shortcomings high-throughput technologies, we established a method to identify AS events, especially for low-abundance genes, by reverse transcript (RT) PCR with gene specific primers (GSPs) followed by nest-PCR. And it includes two major steps: 1) using GSPs to amplify as long as the specific gene segment; 2) multiple rounds of nest-PCR were used to screen the AS and confirm the unknown splicing variants. With this method, we successfully identified three new splicing variants, namely (GenBank Accession No. HM623886) for gene bdnf (GenBank GeneID: 12064), (GenBank Accession No. JF417977) for gene trkc (GenBank GeneID: 18213) and (GenBank Accession No. HM623888) for gene glb-18 (GenBank GeneID: 172485). Besides the reliability and simplicity, the method is also cost-effective and labor intensive. In conclusion, we established a reliable and quick method for screening alternative splicing variants for eukaryote genes, especially for low-abundance genes.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Public’s Interest in Gastrointestinal Related Disease
Authors: Yan Michael , Pakhchanian Haig , Raiker Rahul , Boustany Osama , Khan Ahmad , Singh Shailendra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
There has been a significant disparity in familiarity regarding the public interest in gastroenterology terminologies during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to understand how the public’s view on gastrointestinal topics changed throughout the pandemic.
Methods
A comparative analysis of American Google search volume trends of gastrointestinal terminology in the first six seasons (March 1, 2018, to August 31, 2021) of the COVID-19 pandemic was used as the basis of this infodemiology study. Then, data were compared to a similar time frame (March 2018-February 2020) to determine how trends in the patient-seeking behavior of gastrointestinal terminology changed during the pandemic.
Results
The analysis discovered a substantial decrease in search volumes of gastrointestinal topics, more significantly in the first pandemic months. As the months progressed, search volumes appeared to trend toward pre-pandemic years in terms of public interest and, in the case of procedures, surpassed pre-pandemic interest levels.
Conclusion
The public’s decreased interest in gastrointestinal topics at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic may have adverse effects on the health care maintenance of patients who could have had a positive outcome in their gastrointestinal health with proper monitoring. Although gastrointestinal internet searches increased toward pre-pandemic levels as the seasons progressed, further research is needed to determine the long-term impact of decreased public interest.
Influence of post-thaw culture duration on pregnancy outcomes in frozen blastocyst transfer cycles
Authors: Ling Xiufeng , Ji Hui , Cao Shanren , Ding Hui , Dong Li , Zhao Chun , Zhang Junqiang , Lu Jing , Li Xiuling 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate whether post-thaw culture duration aﬀects clinical outcomes after frozen blastocyst transfer.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 3901 frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles between September 2019 and March 2021. The cohorts were divided into two groups: developmental stage [day (D) 5 and D6] and culture duration after thawing (short culture of 2 to 6 h and long culture of 18 to 20 h). Women in the short culture group following D6 blastocyst transfer were further assigned into three subgroups depending on the post-thaw culture period (2 h, 4 h, and 6 h). The main outcomes were the live birth rate (LBR), implantation rate (IR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), and abortion rate (AR). Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was applied to ensure comparability within groups. Multivariable regression analysis was used to study the effect of post-thaw culture duration on pregnancy outcomes.Results: The IR, CPR, AR, and LBR showed no statistical differences within the groups following D5 blastocyst transfer. Compared with the short culture group, patients in the long culture group had significantly lower IR (35.5 vs. 45.8%, P < 0.001), CPR (45.3 vs. 56.6%, P = 0.001), and LBR (35.5 vs. 48.5%, P < 0.001), but a significantly higher AR (21.6 vs. 14.3%, P = 0.049) following D6 blastocyst transfer. However, data failed to present the superiority of any short culture duration over another on the live birth outcome for embryos vitrified on D6 (aOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.53-1.73, P = 0.881 for 4-h vs. 2-h subgroup; aOR 1.01, 95% CI 0.68-1.49, P = 0.974 for 6-h vs. 2-h subgroup).Conclusions: Both post-thaw protocols can be applied to patients with D5 blastocysts. To optimize the pregnancy outcome following D6 blastocyst transfer, the short culture duration is recommended. All three short culture durations (2 h, 4 h, and 6 h) can be applied, and the choice is based on each laboratory’s workflow.
A Brassinosteroid Functional Analogue Increases Soybean Drought Resilience
Authors: Perez-Borroto Lucia Sandra , Guzzo María Carla , Posada Gisella , Malavera Andrea Natalia Peña , Castagnaro Atilio Pedro , Gonzalez-Olmedo Justo Lorenzo , Coll-García Yamilet , Pardo Esteban Mariano 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Drought severely affects soybean productivity, challenging breeding/management strategies to increase crop resilience. Hormone-based biostimulants like brassinosteroids (BRs) modulate growth/defence trade-off, mitigating yield losses; yet, natural molecule's low stability challenges the development of cost-effective and long-lasting analogues. Here, we investigated for the first time the effects of BR functional analogue DI-31 in soybean physiology under drought by assessing changes in growth, photosynthesis, water relations, antioxidant metabolism, nodulation, and nitrogen homeostasis. Moreover, DI-31 application frequencies' effects on crop cycle and commercial cultivars yield stabilisation under drought were assessed. A single foliar application of DI-31 favoured plant drought tolerance, preventing reductions in canopy development and enhancing plant performance and water use since the early stages of stress. The analogue also increased the antioxidant response, favouring nitrogen homeostasis maintenance and attenuating the nodular senescence. Moreover, foliar applications of DI-31 every 21 days enhanced the absolute yield by ~ 9% and reduced drought-induced yield losses by ~ 7% in four commercial cultivars, increasing their drought tolerance efficiency by ~ 12%. These findings demonstrated the practical value of DI-31 as an environmentally friendly alternative for integrative soybean resilience management under drought.
Comparison between the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method and the Metropolis-Hastings method for coseismic fault model estimation
Authors: Yamada Taisuke , Ohno Keitaro , Ohta Yusaku 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A rapid source fault estimation and quantitative assessment of the uncertainty of the estimated model can elucidate the occurrence mechanism of earthquakes and inform disaster damage mitigation. The Bayesian statistical method that addresses the posterior distribution of unknowns is significant for uncertainty assessment. Particularly, the Metropolis-Hastings (M-H) method, a kind of the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, generally has many applications, including cosesimic fault estimation. However, this method exhibits a trade-off between the transition distance and the acceptance ratio of parameter transition candidates and requires a long mixing time, particularly in solving high-dimensional problems. This necessitates a more efficient Bayesian method. In this study, we developed a fault estimation algorithm using the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) method, which is generally considered to be more efficient than the other MCMC method but not sufficiently feasible, to estimate the coseismic fault for the first time. HMC can conduct sampling more intelligently with the gradient information of the posterior distribution. We applied our algorithm to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake (Mj 7.3), and its sampling converged in \(2\times {10}^{4}\) chains, including \(1\times {10}^{3}\) burn-in chains. The estimated models satisfactorily accounted for the input data; the variance reduction was approximately 88 %, and th estimated fault parameters and event magnitude were consistent with those reported in previous studies. HMC could acquire similar results using only 2 % of the -H chains. Moreover, the power spectral density (PSD) of each model parameter's Markov chain showed that this method exhibited a low correlation with the subsequent sample and a long transition distance per step. These results indicate that HMC has advantages in terms of chain length than M-H, expecting a more efficient estimation for a high-dimensional problem that requires a long mixing time or a problem using non-linear Green's function, which has a large computational cost.
β-Escin Reduces Cancer Progression in TNBC by Inhibiting Glutamine Metabolism Through Downregulation of c-myc.
Authors: Akar Sakine , ALTUNTAŞ Hamiyet , HAMURCU Zuhal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The oncogene c-myc, which causes glutamine dependence in TNBC, is also the target of one of the β-Escin affected signaling pathways. We sought to determine how c-myc protein affects glutamine metabolism and proteins ASCT2 and GLS1 in β-Escin-treated MDA-MB-231 cells by glutamine uptake and western blot analysis. We also evaluated cell viability, colony formation, migration and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells in response to β-Escin treatment using MTS, colonoy forming, wound healing, and Annexin-V assay. We determined that β-Escin decreased glutamine uptake and decreased myc and GLS1 protein expressions, conversially increased the expression of ASCT2. In addition, we determined that this inhibition of glutamine metabolism decreases cell proliferation, colony formation and migration, and induces apoptosis. In this study, it has been revealed that β-Escin inhibits glutamine metabolism through c-myc in MDA-MB-231 cells, by causing a reduce in the carcinogenic properties of the cells as a result of interrupting the energy source of these cells. As a result, β-Escin can be used as a therapeutic agent in glutamine dependent cancers.
The role of carbonaceous materials as water channels in membrane sensors together with acrylate polymerized cyclodextrin, for determination of azoxystrobin in canned food
Authors: Sheta Ahmed I. , Ayad Miriam F. , El-Kosasy Amira M. , Tawakkol Shereen M. , Fayed Ahmed S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Fungicides of huge organic chemical structures may face some hindrance in passage across membranes of ion-selective electrodes. Thus, the invention of passages within the membrane matrix that selectively engulf these compounds, facilitating their transfer through the membrane. Carbonaceous materials of nanosized range showed superior ability in increasing ion transfer in comparison with carbon nanotubes. Their combination with acrylates-polymerized-cyclodextrin as ionophore, created two pathways for large organic molecules across the membrane. Application of both inventions in fabrication of three sensors using carbon nanotubes, graphene quantum dots, and nanographene oxide, enabled trace analysis of azoxystrobin fungicide in ranges (10-12 -10-5, 10-13 -10-4 and 10-13 -10-6 M), respectively, with high selectivity.