bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-world experience of emicizumab prophylaxis in young children with hemophilia A: retrospective data from China
Authors: Liu Guoqing , Huang Kun , Li Gang , Zhen Yingzi , Li Zhengping , Chen Zhenping , Wu Runhui 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAs a new non-factor therapy for hemophilia A (HA), real-world study of emicizumab is still scarce. This study aimed to investigate the real-world use of emicizumab in Chinese boys with HA.MethodsPatients with moderate or severe HA were enrolled at Beijing Children's Hospital. They take emicizumab weekly (3 mg/kg) for a month and then went into a maintenance period with a different dosing regimen. After obtaining platelet-poor plasma at end of the loading period and during the maintenance period, coagulation ability and FVIII inhibitor were determined using human and bovine chromogenic Bethesda assay. Patients' bleeding rates were calculated through patients' records from 24 weeks before to at least 6 months after the switch (to emicizumab).ResultIn total, 13 pediatric patients with HA (severe: moderate = 11:2) were enrolled in this study. The patients' age was 3.51 (0.73–6.65) years. Eight had FVIII inhibitors at enrollment and one of them developed FVIII inhibitors again during the switch. The coagulation level of the maintenance period was 19.6 (13.5–32.8) IU/dL (N = 10). The median dose of each emicizumab injection was 2.7 (1.3–3.8) mg/kg and the monthly consumption of emicizumab was 5.2 (3.2–6.8) mg/kg/month. After switching to emicizumab, reduced annualized bleeding rate (ABR) [0.5 (0–4) vs. 4 (0–18), P &lt; 0.01], annualized joint bleeding rate (AJBR) [0 (0–1.1) vs. 1.0 (0–12), P &lt; 0.01], and annualized spontaneous bleeding rate (ASBR) [0 (0–1) vs. 2.0 (0–18), P &lt; 0.01] were observed. In patients with or without FVIII inhibitor, similar ABR [0.33 (0–4) vs. 0.5 (0–3), P = 0.78], AJBR [0 (0–1.1) vs. 0 (0–0.5), P = 0.63], and ASBR [0 (0–1) vs. 0 (0–1.5), P = 0.73] were also noticed. Five inhibitor-positive patients (at enrollment) all had their inhibitor titer reduced. In addition, all target joints vanished after switching to emicizumab.ConclusionEmicizumab could reduce bleeds in pediatric patients with/without FVIII inhibitors and eliminate target joints.
Survival for patients with metastatic colon cancer underwent cytoreductive colectomy in the era of rapid development of anticancer drugs: A real-world analysis based on updated population dataset of 2004–2018
Authors: Meng Guangran , Yang Shengtao , Chen Feixiang 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Metastatic colon cancer (mCC) poses a great threat to the survival of patients suffering from it. In the past decade, many clinical trials have been carried out to improve the prognosis of patients with mCC. Numerous treatments have emerged, and satisfactory efficacy has been demonstrated in randomized phase III trials in highly selective patients with mCC. Our present study aims to investigate whether these therapeutic advances can be reflected to the broader mCC patients who performed cytoreductive colectomy.Method: General and prognostic data for patients diagnosed with mCC who underwent cytoreductive colectomy between 2004–2018 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. The hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the influence of risk factors on prognosis.Results: A total of 26,301 patients diagnosed with mCC treated with cytoreductive colectomy were included in this study. The median overall survival was 19 months (range, 17–23). The good prognosis was associated with patients diagnosed at the most recent year, younger age, non-black race, female, married, without previous history of malignancy, no second malignancy onset, descending/sigmoid/splenic flexure colon tumor, normal CEA levels at diagnosis, low primary tumor burden, T1/T2 stage, N0 stage, single organ metastasis, underwent surgical resection of synchronous distant metastatic lymph nodes or organs, a high number of lymph-node examinations, low positive lymph-node ratio and received adjuvant chemotherapy. The proportion of patients surviving for ≥24 months increased from 37% in 2004 to 44.2% in 2016 (p &lt; 0.001), especially in ≤49 years patients [46.8% in 2004 to 57.8% in 2016 (p &lt; 0.001)]. The percentage of patients who died within 3 months decreased between 2004 and 2018 (from 19.6% to 15.7%; p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Over a span of 15 years, the long-term survival has improved in real-world mCC patients who were treated with cytoreductive colectomy, especially among younger patients. However, the median overall survival remains not substantial.
Comparison of gross pathology inspection and 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of radiofrequency ablation lesions in the left ventricle of the swine heart
Authors: Odehnalová Eva , Valíková Lucia , Caluori Guido , Kulík Tomáš , Římalová Veronika , Jadczyk Tomasz , Dražanová Eva , Pavlova Iveta , Pešl Martin , Kubeš Václav , Stárek Zdeněk 
Published: October 2022

Aims: Gross pathology inspection (patho) is the gold standard for the morphological evaluation of focal myocardial pathology. Examination with 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a new method for very accurate display of myocardial pathology. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that lesions can be measured on high-resolution MRI images with the same accuracy as on pathological sections and compare these two methods for the evaluation of radiofrequency (RF) ablation lesion dimensions in swine heart tissue during animal experiment.Methods: Ten pigs underwent radiofrequency ablations in the left ventricle during animal experiment. After animal euthanasia, hearts were explanted, flushed with ice-cold cardioplegic solution to relax the whole myocardium, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and scanned with a 9.4 T magnetic resonance system. Anatomical images were processed using ImageJ software. Subsequently, the hearts were sliced, slices were photographed and measured in ImageJ software. Different dimensions and volumes were compared.Results: The results of both methods were statistically compared. Depth by MRI was 8.771 ± 2.595 mm and by patho 9.008 ± 2.823 mm; p = 0.198. Width was 10.802 ± 2.724 mm by MRI and 11.125 ± 2.801 mm by patho; p = 0.049. Estuary was 2.006 ± 0.867 mm by MRI and 2.001 ± 0.872 mm by patho; p = 0.953. The depth at the maximum diameter was 4.734 ± 1.532 mm on MRI and 4.783 ± 1.648 mm from the patho; p = 0.858. The volumes of the lesions calculated using a formula were 315.973 ± 257.673 mm3 for MRI and 355.726 ± 255.860 mm3 for patho; p = 0.104. Volume directly measured from MRI with the “point-by-point” method was 671.702 ± 362.299 mm3.Conclusion: Measurements obtained from gross pathology inspection and MRI are fully comparable. The advantage of MRI is that it is a non-destructive method enabling repeated measurements in all possible anatomical projections.
Perinatal intimate partner violence and postpartum contraception timing among currently married women in Southern Ethiopia: A multilevel Weibull regression modeling
Authors: Abota Tafesse Lamaro , Gashe Fikre Enqueselassie , Deyessa Negussie 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAdopting contraception on time is a critical intervention for postpartum women, but violence exposure around pregnancy may interfere with postpartum contraceptive use behaviors. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the time duration of the first modern contraceptive adoption and its individual-and community-level predictors among postpartum women in the Wolaita zone, South Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based prospective follow-up study was conducted among 1,292 postpartum women nested in 38 “Kebles” (clusters) using multistage-clustered sampling techniques. A multilevel Weibull regression model was employed to investigate predictors of time-to-method initiation after childbirth using STATA Version 14. Kaplan-Meier curve and Wilcoxon log-rank test were used to estimate time-to-modern contraceptive use across different variables. All variables with p-values &lt;0.05 were considered for multivariate analysis. Adjusted time ratios (ATR) with 95 % CI were computed using Weibull accelerated failure time models.ResultsOf the respondents, 62% (95% CI: 59.1–64.5) had started the first modern contraception within a year after childbirth. The restricted mean survival time-to-postpartum modern contraceptive use was 6.28 months. Being a rural dweller (aTR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.06–1.99) and living in the middle household wealth quintiles (aTR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02–1.19) predicted longer time duration to adopt first modern contraception by 44 and 10%, respectively. The women from the community with a high early marriage (aTR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.01–1.28) took longer time to initiate modern postpartum methods. Furthermore, women who had no history of perinatal abuse took less time than those who had a history of abuse to start postpartum contraception (aTR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.66–0.78).ConclusionRural residence, poor household wealth status, history of perinatal abuse, and a high rate of early marriage in the community are predicted to lengthen the time duration to start modern postpartum contraception. Thus, community-level women's empowerment, particularly among rural women and integration of intimate partner violence screening into family planning counseling throughout the continuum of care will likely to improve postpartum contraception timing.
The Companion Pandemic to COVID-19: The Use of Informal Practices to Access Public Healthcare Services in the European Union
Authors: Horodnic Adrian V. , Williams Colin C. , Drugă Răzvan Ionuț 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The objective of this paper is to evaluate the use of informal payments and personal connections to gain preferential access to public health services during the COVID-19 pandemic and to propose effective policy measures for tackling this phenomenon.Methods: Using data from 25,744 patients in the European Union, six different scenarios are analyzed in relation to making informal payments and/or relying on personal connections to access public healthcare services. To evaluate the propensity to engage in informal practices in healthcare, probit regressions with sample selection and predicted probabilities are used. Robustness checks are also performed to test the reliability of the findings.Results: For each scenario, a statistically significant association is revealed between the propensity to make informal payments and/or rely on personal connections and the asymmetry between the formal rules and the patients’ personal norms and trust in public authorities.Conclusion: To tackle informal practices in healthcare, policy measures are required to reduce the asymmetry between the formal rules and personal norms by raising trust in public authorities.
Modeling and Analyzing Preemption-Based Service Prioritization in 5G Networks Slicing Framework
Authors: Adou Yves , Markova Ekaterina , Gaidamaka Yuliya 
Published: October 2022

The Network Slicing (NS) technology, recognized as one of the key enabling features of Fifth Generation (5G) wireless systems, provides very flexible ways to efficiently accommodate common physical infrastructures, e.g., Base Station (BS), multiple logical networks referred to as Network Slice Instances (NSIs). To ensure the required Quality of Service (QoS) levels, the NS-technology relies on classical Resource Reservation (RR) or Service Prioritization schemes. Thus, the current paper aims to propose a Preemption-based Prioritization (PP) scheme “merging” the classical RR and Service Prioritization schemes. The proposed PP-scheme efficiency is evaluated or estimated given a Queueing system (QS) model analyzing the operation of multiple NSIs with various requirements at common 5G BSs. As a key result, the proposed PP-scheme can provide up to 100% gain in terms of blocking probabilities of arriving requests with respect to some baseline.
The Epichloë festucae Antifungal Protein Efe-AfpA Protects Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) from the Plant Pathogen Clarireedia jacksonii, the Causal Agent of Dollar Spot Disease
Authors: Fardella Patrick A. , Tian Zipeng , Clarke Bruce B. , Belanger Faith C. 
Published: October 2022

Dollar spot disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Clarireedia jacksonii, is a major problem in many turfgrass species, particularly creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). It is well-established that strong creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra subsp. rubra) exhibits good dollar spot resistance when infected by the fungal endophyte Epichloë festucae. This endophyte-mediated disease resistance is unique to the fine fescues and has not been observed in other grass species infected with other Epichloë spp. The mechanism underlying the unique endophyte-mediated disease resistance in strong creeping red fescue has not yet been established. We pursued the possibility that it may be due to the presence of an abundant secreted antifungal protein produced by E. festucae. Here, we compare the activity of the antifungal protein expressed in Escherichia coli, Pichia pastoris, and Penicillium chrysogenum. Active protein was recovered from all systems, with the best activity being from Pe. chrysogenum. In greenhouse assays, topical application of the purified antifungal protein to creeping bentgrass and endophyte-free strong creeping red fescue protected the plants from developing severe symptoms caused by C. jacksonii. These results support the hypothesis that Efe-AfpA is a major contributor to the dollar spot resistance observed with E. festucae-infected strong creeping red fescue in the field, and that this protein could be developed as an alternative or complement to fungicides for the management of this disease on turfgrasses.
The impact of economic sanctions and the Covis-19 pandemic on the efficiency of the Russian foreign exchange market
Authors: Ponkratov V. V. , Karaev A. K. 
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the effectiveness of the Russian currency market using the multi-fractal analysis of fluctuations without a trend (MF-DFA) of a time series composed of daily values of the US dollar (USD) to Russian ruble (RUB) (USD/RUB) exchange rate for the period time (01/01/2013 — 04/01/2022), during which events occurred that led to serious changes in the Russian foreign exchange market.
Calculations showed that the time series made up of the daily values of the USD/RUB exchange rate showed the least efficiency after the introduction of the fiscal rule and the coronavirus pandemic, and the highest comparative efficiency after the introduction of the freely floating exchange rate regime.
Rosatom State Corporation: Assessment of strategic choice in the context of the results of activities
Authors: Boyko A. N. 
Published: October 2022

Decisions on the establishment of all companies in the organizational and legal form of "state corporation" (hereinafter — GC, State Corporation) in the "zero years" and GC "Rosatom" in particular were taken in extremely heated discussions, including the official denial of the legality of such a foundation. In connection with the fifteenth anniversary since the establishment of the Rosatom State Corporation, it is advisable to evaluate the results obtained, promising opportunities for further application, development, as well as the legality of extending this legal form to other areas of production.
These tasks require consideration — the features of this organizational and legal form of the state corporation, its structural and economic organization, management system, the results of production, economic and innovation activities, including participation in the processes of global energy transition, and finally — the goals and objectives of strategic planning and its implementation.
Research objectives — to substantiate the high and enduring systemic potential, on the one hand, of the managerial and legal organization imputed to Rosatom State Corporation by federal law on the scale of sectoral management, and on the other hand, of the structural and economic organization within the entire nuclear energy industry. In the analysis of the reporting and planning documents of Rosatom State Corporation, a system-structural approach was used, including the aspect of system synergy, methods of analogies and comparisons.
Caracterização de um espectroradiômetro comercial para avaliação de irradiância de fototerapia neonatal
Authors: Junior Antonio Francisco Gentil Ferreira , Moraes José Carlos Teixeira de Barros 
Published: October 2022

O presente trabalho apresenta a caracterização de um espectroradiômetro considerando a calibração nas escalas de comprimento de onda e irradiância espectral, juntamente com a avaliação de sua linearidade e a influência da variação angular na geometria de medição e da polarização da luz incidente. Os resultados mostram que para a aplicação na avaliação de fototerapia neonatal a calibração da escala de irradiância é crítica com variações entre valores teóricos e medidos de até 10 % e a avaliação da linearidade obtida foi 4 % por ordem de grandeza da irradiância, o que demonstra necessidade da caracterização do espectroradiômetro incluindo sua calibração para correta avaliação da irradiância de fototerapia neonatal.
Os efeitos da COVID-19 na prematuridade: uma visão geral das revisões
Authors: Santos Giovanna Giovacchini dos , Carmona Laíssa Viana , Lima Gabriela Hess Vaz de , Buttler Carolina Russo , Cilento Beatriz Bazzo , Valete Cristina Ortiz Sobrinho , Machado José Kleber Kobol 
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Gestantes são consideradas grupo de risco para a COVID-19. Contudo, faltam evidências acerca dos desfechos neonatais em gestantes infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se houve aumento de prematuridade em gestantes infectadas, se a infecção foi causa de prematuridade e quais os desfechos do parto e feto-neonatais estudados. Método: Foi feita uma revisão narrativa, que incluiu revisões narrativas, sistemáticas e metanálises, captadas na PubMed a partir dos descritores associados aos termos “COVID-19”, “prematuridade” e “mortalidade neonatal”, publicados no período de janeiro de 2020 a setembro de 2021.Resultados: Foram incluídos 21 estudos. A taxa de prematuridade variou de 20,1% a 63,83% e a via de parto predominante foi a cesariana (53,9 a 93%). Dezesseis estudos revelaram taxas de neonatos testados positivos para SARS-CoV-2 (de 0 a 14,3%). Outros desfechos neonatais incluídos foram: abortamento, mortalidade perinatal, crescimento intrauterino restrito, sofrimento fetal, APGAR abaixo de 7, baixo peso ao nascer, dificuldade respiratória e pneumonia. Discussão: Foi encontrado aumento da taxa de partos prematuros e de cesarianas em mulheres grávidas infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2 em comparação à população geral. Não foi possível concluir que a COVID-19 seja causa direta de prematuridade, sendo importante ressaltar que as taxas observadas podem se relacionar à interrupção da gestação, possivelmente devido às informações insuficientes no início da pandemia quanto aos riscos da infecção no feto e transmissão vertical. Da mesma forma, a escolha pela cesariana pode estar relacionada à piora da condição materna. Os desfechos neonatais relatados foram variados entre os artigos revisados, o que nos impediu de fazer uma análise quantitativa para síntese dos achados. Pode-se afirmar, entretanto, que os desfechos são restritos à minoria dos casos, e ainda não está claro se são provocados pela infecção materna. Conclusão: Constatou-se aumento da taxa de prematuridade e de cesáreas na população estudada. Com relação aos desfechos neonatais adversos, ainda são necessários mais estudos englobando os períodos seguintes de avanço da pandemia.
Self-harm in children and adolescents: a mini-review
Authors: Brás João Miguel do Nascimento , Cardoso Sandra Marisa Soares Baptista , Santos Sónia Raquel Andrade , Costa Ana Maria Pinto , Santos Elisabete Maria Costa Silva , Santos Paulo André Gonçalves Batista 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Our objective was to make a mini review of the evidence and some recommendations about a holistic and compassionate approach for children and adolescents with self-harm. Methods: We performed a PubMed research on reviews, guidelines and trials published in English between 2006 and 2021. The keywords used were: self-harm, child and adolescent. Results: Self-harm is a common problem in young people with serious consequences. Nevertheless, this problem is underdiagnosed, with only a minority of young people using health services. There is a strong correlation between self-harm behaviors and suicide, with part of suicide deaths occurring in young people with a history of self-harm. These behaviors result from an interaction between genetic, biological, psychological, social and cultural factors, with the relevance of the stress diathesis being increasingly defended. There are several risk factors associated with self-harm, for example the existence of family and child adversities, the presence of family history and the observation of self-harm in others. Conclusion: Despite the importance inherent to self-harm behaviors, there is not a lot of literature with effective approaches and interventions for young people with these behaviors. However, a complete and compassionate observation and approaching of the patients is essential, especially in this age.
Diagnóstico laboratorial da COVID-19 em neonatologia: revisão simples de literatura
Authors: Torrez Simon Enrique Prudencio , Mota Izabella Aparecida Coura , De Prudencio Ruth Blanca Torrez , Torrez Maria Cristina Prudencio , Torrez Fernando Prudencio , Torrez Ana Claudia Prudencio , Carrasco Jaime Gonzalo Prudencio , Torrez Jaime Prudencio 
Published: October 2022

Introdução: A pandemia pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 trouxe diversas reflexões sobre políticas econômicas e sociais. O mundo foi afetado de maneira exponencial nos últimos dois anos. A crise sanitária e econômica no inicio de 2020, jamais antes vistas, tornou-se pauta principal nos meios de comunicação. Objetivo: Descrever o diagnóstico laboratorial da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 em neonatologia. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão simples da literatura realizada nos bancos de dados digitais PubMed e SciELO, no período de Junho de 2022 a Agosto de 2022, incluindo as palavras chave: Covid-19 e neonatologia no idioma português. Resultados: Foram incluídos 10 artigos nesta revisão simples de literatura, 1 documento científico emitido por Instituição Acadêmica Médica e 1 Protocolo Clínico de Instituição de Ensino, dentro da idade proposta, ou seja, período neonatal, os quais relataram que a principal método de diagnostico laboratorial foi o swab nasofaríngeo RT-PCR COVID-19. Conclusão: Com base em evidências científicas limitadas até o momento, o principal exame para diagnóstico laboratorial foi a realização do swab nasofaríngeo, com identificação dos ácidos nucléicos do coronavirus humano em pacientes neonatais portando sintomas gripais e contato com pessoas próximas com suspeita de COVID-19.