bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Strategies for COVID-19 Patients: An Update
Authors: Getso Muhammad Ibrahim , Etemadi Soudabeh , Raissi Vahid , Mohseni Moein , Mohseni Maedeh Sadat , Raeisi Farid , Raiesi Omid 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:The novel coronavirus SARS-coV-2, which emerged in Wuhan in November 2019, has increasingly spread, causing a global pandemic that infected more than 444 million people, resulting in severe social and economic ramifications, and claimed more than 6,010,000 lives by March 5, 2022. The pandemic attracted global attention with consequential multiple economic, social, and clinical studies. Among causes of poor clinical outcomes of the disease are therapeutic challenges, leading to spirals of studies in search of better therapeutic alternatives. Despite the worsening circumstances of the pandemic, no drug has yet shown remarkable efficacy in the clinical management of COVID-19 patients in large-scale trials. Many potential therapeutic strategies, including the use of nucleotide analogs, chloroquine phosphate, arbidol, protease inhibitors (lopinavir/ritonavir), plasma, monoclonal antibodies, plastic antibodies based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), nanomaterials, vaccine, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have emerged with various degrees of successes. Remdesivir and dexamethasone have now been licensed based on the results of randomized controlled trials. Baricitinib, the Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor, is also an attractive candidate due to its properties as a potent anti-inflammatory agent and its hypothesized offtarget antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2. Besides, human plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients is theoretically expected to be safe and effective for both therapy and post-exposure prophylaxis. In light of the literature, the correlation between the reduction of C5aR1/C5aR2 and the IL6-IL6R axis, using the available anti-IL6R mAb would be crucial. Moreover, MSCs are a potential therapeutic choice for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The coronavirus spike (S) protein that mediates the process of the infection via binding of host cells to the virus receptor is an essential focus for vaccine development. Importantly, with the number of patients increasing daily, there is an urgent need for effective therapeutic intervention. In this review, we expatiated on several strategies deployed for the treatment of COVID-19 infection.
Methods to Establish Race or Ethnicity of Twitter Users: Scoping Review
Authors: Golder Su , Stevens Robin , O'Connor Karen , James Richard , Gonzalez-Hernandez Graciela 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundA growing amount of health research uses social media data. Those critical of social media research often cite that it may be unrepresentative of the population; however, the suitability of social media data in digital epidemiology is more nuanced. Identifying the demographics of social media users can help establish representativeness.ObjectiveThis study aims to identify the different approaches or combination of approaches to extract race or ethnicity from social media and report on the challenges of using these methods.MethodsWe present a scoping review to identify methods used to extract the race or ethnicity of Twitter users from Twitter data sets. We searched 17 electronic databases from the date of inception to May 15, 2021, and carried out reference checking and hand searching to identify relevant studies. Sifting of each record was performed independently by at least two researchers, with any disagreement discussed. Studies were required to extract the race or ethnicity of Twitter users using either manual or computational methods or a combination of both.ResultsOf the 1249 records sifted, we identified 67 (5.36%) that met our inclusion criteria. Most studies (51/67, 76%) have focused on US-based users and English language tweets (52/67, 78%). A range of data was used, including Twitter profile metadata, such as names, pictures, information from bios (including self-declarations), or location or content of the tweets. A range of methodologies was used, including manual inference, linkage to census data, commercial software, language or dialect recognition, or machine learning or natural language processing. However, not all studies have evaluated these methods. Those that evaluated these methods found accuracy to vary from 45% to 93% with significantly lower accuracy in identifying categories of people of color. The inference of race or ethnicity raises important ethical questions, which can be exacerbated by the data and methods used. The comparative accuracies of the different methods are also largely unknown.ConclusionsThere is no standard accepted approach or current guidelines for extracting or inferring the race or ethnicity of Twitter users. Social media researchers must carefully interpret race or ethnicity and not overpromise what can be achieved, as even manual screening is a subjective, imperfect method. Future research should establish the accuracy of methods to inform evidence-based best practice guidelines for social media researchers and be guided by concerns of equity and social justice.
The geotechnical modeling of interaction between a large-sized lowered structure and heterogeneous soil environment in the process of embedment
Authors: Perminov Nikolay A. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The use of extremely deep and large underground spaces in case of complex geoengineering and hydrogeological conditions is a challenging geotechnical task. The accumulated experience of using the embedment method, that entails the construction of a geotechnical and hydrotechnical enclosure, which is at the same time a reliable bearing structure, has proven a strong technical and economic potential and good prospects for expanding the scope of its application. The study of interaction between large-sized reinforced concrete shells at the stages of their construction in heterogeneous soil environments allowed expanding the scope of their rational use in the subterranean construction that deals with transport and engineering infrastructure facilities. The defect-free construction of a subterranean structure of this type requires a consolidated solution for complex nonlinear design and geotechnical problems.
Materials and methods. The non-stationarity of processes of interaction between a massive structure and the soil environment, as well as the heterogeneity of the environment itself necessitate the development of methods of adaptive control over the stress-strain state of the system that encompasses “a large gravitational body and the heterogeneous environment”. The consolidated geotechnical and structural analysis allows simulating processes of interaction between the shell and the soil environment and prognosticating the parameters of adaptive control over the stress-strain state of the system.
Results. The application of adaptive stress-strain control methods lays the groundwork for a defect-free lifecycle of a structure at the stages of its construction and operation in problematic soils under man-induced impacts.
Conclusions. Unlike the traditional approach, the method, proposed by the author, encompasses the fundamentals of a new concept for assessing the interaction between large-sized structures, embedded in variable strength soils, taking into account the irregularity of the embedment mode and results of its practical implementation focused on the geotechnical support of a defect-free life cycle of unique large-sized subterranean structures at the construction stage.
Wastewater sediment treatment facilities in a large region as a multi-component system
Authors: Chertes Konstantin L. , Tupitsyna Olga V. , Pystin Vitaliy N. , Shestakov Nikolay I. , Seyanko Artem P. , Bykov Dmitry E. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The development of a sludge management technology requires the understanding of treatment facilities as complex multi-parameter systems having explicit correlations between the composition of wastewater and concentrated pollution. In this regard, the article discusses the establishment of environmentally friendly systems for the disposal of sewage sludge, taking into account the process features of treatment facilities.
Materials and methods. The authors study the largest treatment facilities located in the Samara region, as well as various new and previously accumulated batches of sewage sludge in the area of their influence. The method of principal components is applied to solve the pre-set tasks.
Results. Parametric criteria, used to evaluate the treatment facilities and the sludge they accumulate, are addressed in the article. The project also encompasses the calculation of environmental and resource parameters. Data centering and scaling were applied to the information obtained in the course of the project implementation, and the obtained data were further analyzed using the method of principal components. The results obtained with the help of the model, constructed using the method of principal components, are displayed in the graphs of accounts and loads, characterizing the relationship between the fields and parameters used to evaluate them.
Conclusions. Following the analysis of 20 pre-selected sites of treatment facilities, 6 facilities were considered as rational, since they are characterized by the well-developed engineering infrastructure. The conditionally rational area includes 8 facilities. Sediment processing and disposal plants are to be established there upon completion of preliminary environmental surveys. The remaining 6 facilities are considered irrational, since their resource capacity is insufficient for efficient production processes. A systematic approach allows (1) arranging sewage sludge treatment facilities at wastewater treatment plants located in the rational and conditionally rational areas of development and (2) drafting process flow diagrams to ensure a higher involvement of sludge in reclamation processes.
Dasiglucagon Effectively Mitigates Postbariatric Postprandial Hypoglycemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial
Authors: Nielsen Casper K. , Øhrstrøm Caroline C. , Kielgast Urd L. , Hansen Dorte L. , Hartmann Bolette , Holst Jens J. , Lund Asger , Vilsbøll Tina , Knop Filip K. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the efficacy and safety of dasiglucagon, a novel stable glucagon analog in a liquid formulation, in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)–operated individuals suffering from postbariatric hypoglycemia (PBH).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 10 RYGB-operated participants with continuous glucose monitoring–verified PBH were randomly assigned to 3 trial days, each consisting of a 240-min standardized liquid mixed-meal test with the subcutaneous injection of placebo or 80 μg or 200 μg dasiglucagon.

RESULTS
Compared with placebo, treatment with both 80 and 200 μg dasiglucagon raised nadir plasma glucose (PG) (placebo: 3.0 ± 0.2 mmol/L [mean ± SEM]; 80 μg dasiglucagon: 3.9 ± 0.3 mmol/L, P = 0.002; 200 μg dasiglucagon: 4.5 ± 0.2 mmol/L, P = 0.0002) and reduced time in hypoglycemia (PG &lt;3.9 mmol/L) by 70.0 min (P = 0.030 and P = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS
Single-dose administration of dasiglucagon effectively mitigated postprandial hypoglycemia.
DAMPAK REFORMASI INDONESIA DALAM CERPEN CLARA KARYA SENO GUMIRA AJIDARMA
Authors: Arti Heni Suci 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Krisis ekonomi moneter yang terjadi di Indonesia pada Mei 1998 menyebabkan masyarakat Indonesia mengalami kerapuhan dalam bidang ekonomi dan finansial. Krisis ekonomi ini terjadi pada era Orde Baru yang pada saat itu Soeharto menjabat sebagai Presiden Indonesia. Bermula dari krisis ekonomi, menyebabkan kerusuhan dan kekacauan yang berimbas pada kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Pemerkosaan massal dan pemusnahan kaum Tionghoa, penjarahan dan ketidakadilan merupakan bentuk-bentuk kerusuhan yang terjadi. Sehingga, reformasi hadir sebagai dampak dari kerusuhan tersebut. Penelitian ini hadir untuk membahas kerusuhan yang terjadi secara detail dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif mengenai cerpen Clara.Kata Kunci: dampak Reformasi, Indonesia, Orde Baru, cerita pendek Clara Abstract: The monetary economic crisis that occurred in Indonesia in May 1998 caused Indonesian society to experience vulnerability in the economic sector. This economic crisis occurred during the New Order era, at which time Suharto served as President of Indonesia. Starting from the economic crisis, causing riots and chaos that impacted the lives of the Indonesian people. Mass rape and extermination of Chinese people, looting and injustice were the forms of rioting that occurred. Thus, reform was present as a result of the riots. For this reason, this study is here to discuss the riots that occurred in detail using descriptive qualitative methods regarding the short story of Clara.Keywords: the impact of Reformation, Indonesia, New Order, short stories Clara
El axfisiante encanto de la burgesía
Authors: Martínez Herranz Amparo 
Published: March 2022

En 1962 Luis Buñuel rodó en México El ángel exterminador, un argumento en el que había comenzado a trabajar en la década de 1940. Partiendo del análisis comparado entre el guion técnico escrito y manejado por Buñuel durante el rodaje y la película, se propone un análisis de los temas nucleares de este filme, especialmente de aquellos en los que su autor quiso hacer hincapié, sus motivaciones, su origen y las conexiones con el conjunto de su obra. En uno de los momentos más críticos de la Guerra Fría, Buñuel construyó un crudo retrato de las convenciones burguesas, asumidas como la norma que sostiene el orden establecido y causantes del inmovilismo y la inacción de una sociedad empeñada en ignorar los problemas reales. Presenta a los burgueses encerrados misteriosamente en su mansión como náufragos de una civilización que, tras las tragedias vividas durante la II Guerra Mundial, elige repetir sus errores y ahogarse. El relato está recorrido por constantes alusiones al libro del Apocalipsis, textuales y sugeridas, un mundo marcado por las plagas (físicas y morales) que asolan la civilización. Y para alimentar esta atmosfera, Buñuel hizo uso de las estrategias propias del cine de terror, que conocía bien y que él mismo había ensayado en algunos guiones previos. Además, estrechamente vinculadas a la idea de misterio, introdujo en la película repetidas alusiones a la masonería para rendir homenaje a través de ellas a su amigo Juan Vicens. En definitiva, en términos estructurales y temáticos Buñuel procuró transmitir sus dudas acerca de los avances de la civilización, al tiempo que insistía en la condición misteriosa e inescrutable de la existencia.
ANALYSIS OF COMPLICATIONS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG TUMORS
Authors: Lukavetskyy Nazar , Litvinyak Ruslan , Gutor Taras , Hipp Igor , Bohutskyy Igor , Khrupovych Lubomyr , Rohovyy Taras , Hrynkiv Taras 
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study was to identify factors that are associated with complications after surgery for lung cancer.
Materials and Methods. Retrospective analysis of the surgical treatment results in patients with lung cancer who were operated on in 2010-2014 at the department of thoracic surgery of the Lviv Oncological Regional Treatment and Diagnostic Center. The study included 461 patients. The data of each patient were divided into the following groups: general characteristics, tumor characteristics, treatment characteristics, and complications. The whole cohort of patients was analyzed and their separate subgroups were compared by age, type of complications, and type of surgery.
Results and Discussion. Elderly patients have three times higher levels of postoperative dyspnea and much higher levels of cardiac arrhythmias. Pulmonary complications are more common in men, after more aggressive surgeries with longer time of operative pulmonary ventilation; increase with age. This subgroup is also characterized by longer postoperative period and a higher in-hospital mortality rate. Postoperative complications such as dyspnea, fistula of the bronchial stump, and pleural empyema, higher levels of pleural punctures, and postoperative bed-day were more common in the group of patients who underwent pneumonectomy. A higher level of postoperative pneumonia and a longer drainage period were observed in the group of other operations. It is noteworthy that the level of dyspnea in elderly patients who underwent pneumonectomy is three times higher.
Conclusions. There are age-related features connected to the onset of postoperative complications in patients with lung tumors who have undergone surgery. Complications typical for the patients after different types of operations were found. It is established that the age of patients and the type of surgical treatment significantly change the palette of postoperative complications. An improved method for predicting complications is required.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN TINGKAT LAYANAN JALAN DARI VOLUME, KECEPATAN DAN KERAPATAN LALU LINTAS
Authors: Kusumaningrum Sari , Putranto Prioutomo Puguh 
Published: March 2022

<p>Nilai tolok ukur lainnya untuk mengetahui kinerja lalu lintas yang sesungguhnya tidak hanya dari berdasar volume lalu lintas. Ada dua cara dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan hubungan volume dengan kecepatan dan penggunaan kinerja jalan berdasarkan nilai kerapatan jalan. Adanya penilaian tingkat layanan dengan kecepatan dan kerapatan dapat menjadikan kontrol maupun koreksi terhadap kondisi tingkat pelayanan jalan yang sesungguhnya. Jalan Sultan Syahrir Kota Semarang, merupakan salah satu ruas jalan yang relatif padat di wilayah perbatasan Kota Semarang. Pada pagi dan sore hari jalan Sultan Syahrir tersebut memiliki tingkat kemacetan yang relative tinggi dari perbatasan Kota Semarang-Demak sampai dengan Jl. Kaligawe Semarang. Kondisi ini cukup ideal menjadi lokasi survai untuk mengetahui tingkat pelayanan jalan sesungguhnya disamping berbasis dari tingkat layanan dari perbandingan nilai volume lalu lintas dengan kapasitas. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pada kondisi tertentu kinerja berdasarkan nilai volume dibanding kapasitas dinilai kurang mendekati kondisi riil dan kondisi yang memungkinkan lebih pada dari tingkat layanan pendekatan pada kerapatan jalan. Untuk nilai volume dan kecepatan lebih tepat dapat dilakukan apabila pada kondisi arus pergerakkan lalu lintas dalam kondisi normal,</p>
FENOMENA GAYA HIDUP MASYARAKAT KONTEMPORER DALAM ERA BELANJA DARING
Authors: Sari Venia Ranita 
Published: March 2022

Artikel ini membahas mengenai fenomena gaya hidup masyarakat kontemporer dalam era belanja daring. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif jenis studi literature dengan sumber data primer melalui jurnal penelitian yang sama. Dalam menguji kesahan data menggunakan sistem triangulasi data. Teori yang digunakan aitu Jean Baudrillard mengenai konsumtif dalam gaya hidup dan dalam memecahkan masalah dengan analisis McDonalisasi. Dalam artikel ini membahas mengenai peran McDonalisasi yang terdiri dari 3 prinsip yaitu efisiensi, kalkulabilitas, dan prediktabilitas dalam pembelanjaan online bagi masyarakat Indonesia dan faktor internal ( iklan, motivasi belanja, persepsi 3M (Mudah, Murah, mrnguntungkan), status sosial, dan kepercayaan konsumen) serta faktor eksternal (lingkungan sekitar (kebiasaan masyarakat), kelompok pertemanan, pengetahuan internet dan diskon) yang mempengaruhi perilaku konsumtif masyarakat pada belanja online.Kata kunci: life style, konsumtif, belanja online
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembagian Desimal Melalui Media Sipintar Kelas IV SDN Burengan 2 Kota Kediri
Authors: Aspreliha Iva , Damariswara Rian , Rohmah Dewi Sholihatur 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum tuntasnya pemahaman siswa dalam mata pelajaran matematika pada materi pembagian desimal, sehingga membutuhkan perbaikan dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada materi pembagian desimal menggunakan media Sipintar. Metode penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan pembelajaran 2 siklus dengan tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil dari penelitian ini telah menunjukan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar dari pra-siklus,siklus I ke siklus II. Pada pra-siklus, rata-rata hasil belajar siswa hanya mencapai 31,72 dengan presentase ketuntasan 17,24%. Setelah diberi tindakan pada pembelajaran siklus I melalui media Sipintar rata-rata hasil belajar siswa mencapai 62,75 dengan persentase ketuntasan 34,48%. Pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan hasil belajar siswa naik mencapai rata-rata 83,27 dengan persentase ketuntasan 82,75%. Dengan demikian, dari hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pembelajaran pembagian desimal melalui media Sipintar dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV A SDN Burengan 2 Kota Kediri.
Demographic Factors and Saving Behaviour: It’s Relevance in Financial Planning for Retirement
Authors: Hiremath K. , Afza N. 
Published: March 2022

Life expectancy, in India, was 41 years in 1960, which stands 69.4 years in the year 2018, (World Bank, 2020). This improvement in the life expectancy is due to enhanced standard of living and improved healthcare system in India.
India is a young nation with 28.34 years as a median age and more than 60 per cent of the population is in the working age group. Favourable saving and investment practices followed by this young population would lead to personal wealth creation and there would not be financial strain after retirement. RBI report on household finance revealed that 77 per cent of the population did not save for retirement. It is important to understand the saving and investment practices followed by this young population. The saving and investment practices are influenced by many demographic variables (May & Sterne, 2018). Demographic variables such as age, gender, income, education, family size to name a few, influence the earning capability, amount available for saving, understanding of various financial products available for investment and making financial plan for life after retirement. The present study has probed into relevance of demographic factors in financial planning for retirement. The study has considered predictor variables, namely age, gender, education, profession, size of the family, total earning members in the family, frequency of saving and advice for saving. The study is conducted in the Quilon City, Kerala. For the study primary data is collected using structured questionnaire. Google form was the medium to collect the data. Binary logistic regression is used to analyse influence of afore mentioned variables on individual’s act to take decision to make financial plan for retirement. The study revealed that age, profession, number of earning members in the family, frequency of saving and advice for saving has significant impact on individual’s initiative to plan for retirement.
Keywords: Financial Plan, Demography, Retirement