bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 – Der besondere Fall – ein Erfahrungsbericht
Authors: Wagner Reinhart 
Published: June 2022

SummarySARS-CoV-2 geht mit vielen, teils sehr unterschiedlichen Symptomen einher. Immer wieder entdecken Ärzte und Therapeuten neue Zusammenhänge, die zunächst nicht mit dem Virus in Verbindung gebracht werden. Auch in diesem Fallbereicht sorgten die Symptome längere Zeit für Verwirrung, bis schlussendlich ein Antikörpertest Aufschluss gibt.
Training unter künstlicher Schwerkraft zum Erhalt der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit im All
Authors: Frett Timo , Arz Michael , Petrat Guido , Pustowalow Willi , Pesta Dominik 
Published: June 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGLangzeitaufenthalte im All führen zu einer signifikanten Verringerung der Leistungsfähigkeit des Herz-Kreislauf-Systems sowie zum Verlust von Muskelmasse und Knochendichte. Tägliches intensives Training in Schwerelosigkeit kann diese Prozesse abschwächen aber nicht vollständig verhindern. Zukünftige Langzeitmissionen sowie Reisen zum Mond oder Mars brauchen daher effektivere Gegenmaßnahmen, um die Leistungsfähigkeit der Besatzung aufrechtzuerhalten. Das DLR forscht dazu mithilfe einer Humanzentrifuge an neuartigen Trainingsmöglichkeiten unter künstlicher Schwerkraft. Aktuelle Studien zeigen eine gute Tolerierbarkeit von verschiedenen Ausdauer- und Krafttrainingsübungen auf der Humanzentrifuge, welche als potenzielle neue Trainingsmethoden im All auch als Gegenmaßnahmen in Bettruhestudien weiterentwickelt und getestet werden.
Prävention von Rücken- und Nackenbeschwerden: Erfahrungen aus 15 Jahren Test und Training bei der Schweizer Luftwaffe
Authors: Rochelt Janine , Saba Nadja , Rochelt Sven , Bron Denis 
Published: June 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie medizinischen Anforderungen an Militärpiloten sind so komplex wie in nur wenigen anderen Berufen. Um sicherzustellen, dass die Piloten weiterhin für ihren physisch und mental äußerst anspruchsvollen Job geeignet sind, werden u. a. jährliche Krafttests durchgeführt. Den Kern der Tests bildet der globale Rumpfkrafttest von Swiss Olympic. Ergänzt wird dieser durch einen eigens entwickelten Nackentest. Bei Bedarf kommen ein Functional Movement Screen (FMS) oder ein Oberflächen-Elektromyogramm (EMG) zum Einsatz. Diese einfach durchführbaren Testverfahren werden als Standortbestimmung der ganzheitlichen Befindlichkeit eingesetzt. Sie dienen als Einschätzung der aktuellen Leistungsfähigkeit sowie als Grundlage zur individuellen Trainingsberatung und Gesundheitsprävention.
Ist die Coronapandemie bedingt durch den Verlust der Biodiversität und des ökologischen Gleichgewichts? Auf der Suche nach Antworten
Authors: Irnich Dominik 
Published: June 2022

SummaryWeltweit ist eine Zunahme infektiöser Erkrankungen (Emergence Infectious Diseases, EID) zu beobachten. Zuletzt hat die Covid-19-Pandemie für massive Einschnitte des gesellschaftlichen Lebens auf allen Kontinenten gesorgt. Es gibt über 500 Millionen registrierte Infektionen und mehr als 6 Millionen Todesfälle zu beklagen. Die Pandemie hat darüber hinaus die politischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Systeme relevant beeinflusst. Die wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse deuten stark darauf hin, dass der Verlust der Biodiversität und das zunehmende Ungleichgewicht der Ökosysteme die EID begünstigen und beschleunigen. Die beispiellose Degradierung der natürlichen Systeme unseres Planeten durch das menschliche Handeln ist nach aktueller Erkenntnis nicht nur mit dem Klimawandel eng verknüpft, sondern in großem Umfang mit EID. Wissenschaftler in staatlichen und nicht-staatlichen interdisziplinären Organisationen und Verbünden fordern deshalb eine radikale und bedingungslose Umstellung menschlichen Handelns mit dem obersten Ziel, die Biodiversität und die natürlichen ökologischen Systeme zu schützenDieser Beitrag referiert 4 Schlüssel-Publikationen und einen journalistischen Beitrag zu unterschiedlichen Gesichtspunkten des Zusammenhangs zwischen Covid-19-Pandemie, Biodiversität und Ökosystemen.
Hausärztliche Handlungsempfehlung: Post-Covid/Long-Covid
Authors: Wagner Hans-Otto 
Published: June 2022

SummaryDie Coronavirus-Krankheit 2019 (Covid-19) wird oft als Multiorgan-Krankheit mit einem breiten Spektrum von Manifestationen angesehen. Ähnlich wie bei anderen Infektionskrankheiten kann Covid-19 für einen Teil der Erkrankten längerfristige Auswirkungen auf die Lebensqualität haben. Dieser Beitrag stellt die relevanten hausärztlichen Handlungsempfehlungen aus der S1-Leitlinie vor (AWMF-Register Nr. 020/027 Version 1–07/2021, [1]). Die Therapie orientiert sich an den Symptomen. Für eine spezifische Therapie gibt es bislang noch keine wissenschaftlich belastbaren Belege. Therapieziele sollten eine Symptomlinderung sowie die Vermeidung einer Chronifizierung sein.
Einstellungen von Expertinnen und Experten für psychische
Gesundheit gegenüber Psilocybin
Authors: Schmidt Christopher , Wolff Max , Gründer Gerhard , Jungaberle Henrik 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie In den letzten Jahren konnten Studien, in denen die
Verwendung von Psilocybin zur Behandlung psychischer Störungen
untersucht wurde, vielversprechende Ergebnisse zeigen. Vor diesem Hintergrund
wurden Einstellungen von ausgebildeten Psychiater*innen und
Psychotherapeut*innen zu Psilocybin und Psilocybin-unterstützten
Therapien untersucht.
Methodik Eine Online-Befragung ergab 530 gültige Teilnahmen von
Personen mit geeignetem Berufsprofil. In der statistischen Auswertung konnten
relevante Prädiktoren für Einstellungsmaße ermittelt
werden.
Ergebnisse Die Meinungen von Expert*innen auf dem Gebiet der
Behandlung psychischer Störungen bezüglich Psilocybin und
Psilocybin-unterstützten Therapien sind geteilt und der Kenntnisstand
der Befragten teilweise noch gering. Ein großer Teil der Befragten
hält die Behandlung psychischer Störungen mit Psilocybin
für vielversprechend. Eine Behandlung von Depressionen mit Psilocybin
wird von der Mehrheit der Teilnehmenden als vielversprechend
eingeschätzt. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass ein höherer
Kenntnisstand über Psilocybin mit optimistischeren Sichtweisen
bezüglich einer Verwendung von Psilocybin in einem therapeutischen
Rahmen zusammenhängt. Zusätzlich präsentierte
wissenschaftliche Informationen über den aktuellen Forschungsstand zur
Thematik führen teilweise zu optimistischeren Einstellungen über
Psilocybin und einer Verwendung von Psilocybin in der Behandlung psychischer
Störungen.
Schlussfolgerung Sollte der Psilocybin betreffende wissenschaftliche und
öffentliche Diskurs in Zukunft weiter wachsen, sind auch
Einstellungsänderungen der Psychotherapeut*innen und
Psychiater*innen zu erwarten.
Glukosemessung in der Diabetesdiagnostik und -therapie
Authors: Pleus Stefan , Heinemann Lutz , Freckmann Guido , Nauck Matthias , Tytko Andrea , Kaiser Patricia , Petersmann Astrid 
Published: June 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Glukose-„Messlandschaft“ in Deutschland deckt viele verschiedene Einsatzzwecke und -gebiete ab. Sie reicht von hochstandardisiert messenden Laboranalysesystemen mit einem großen Gesamtportfolio von Messgrößen bis hin zu einfachen Systemen für den Patientengebrauch. Aus klinischer Sicht muss die Qualität von Glukosemessungen ausreichend hoch sein, um die vorgesehenen Zwecke, also Diagnosestellung und Verlaufskontrolle, zu erfüllen. In der Heilkunde – also bei Messungen im Rahmen der Gesundheitsversorgung durch medizinisches Personal – definiert die Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer zur Qualitätssicherung laboratoriumsmedizinischer Untersuchungen Vorgaben an die Qualitätssicherung. Es werden sowohl interne als auch externe (herstellerunabhängige) Qualitätskontrollen gefordert und mit spezifischen Vorgaben versehen. Diese Regelungen gelten demnach auch für alle Glukosemessungen in der Heilkunde, d. h. im Zentrallabor ebenso wie in der patientennahen Sofortdiagnostik. Bei dem Haupteinsatzgebiet von Glukosemessungen, der Verlaufskontrolle durch Patienten mit Diabetes im Rahmen der Blutglukoseselbstmessung, fehlen i. d. R. Kontrollen der Messqualität. Für das kontinuierliche Glukosemonitoring im interstitiellen Gewebe sind Qualitätskontrollen nach dem aktuellen technischen Stand sogar überhaupt nicht möglich. Hinzu kommt, dass eine regelmäßige herstellerunabhängige Kontrolle der Messqualität nicht vorgeschrieben ist. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick über die unterschiedlichen Glukosemesssysteme sowie praktische Aspekte und Probleme bei der Glukosemessung zu geben.
Synthetic Strategies Towards the Meroterpenoids Cochlearols A and B from Ganoderma cochlear
Authors: Chamness Stephen A. , Traficante Emily F. , Vogel Trenton R. , Schindler Corinna S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince the first reports of their isolation, the meroterpenoids cochlearol A and B have attracted interest from the synthetic community for their unique structural features. This review describes the attempted and successful total syntheses of these natural products and provides a summary of the strategies developed in the years since their isolation.1	Introduction2	Overview of Cochlearol A Syntheses3	Tong’s Approach Towards Cochlearol A4	Liu and Qin’s Total Synthesis of (±)-Cochlearol A5	Ishigami’s Formal Synthesis of (±)-Cochlearol A6	Chandrasekhar’s Formal Synthesis of (±)-Cochlearol A7	Sugita’s Synthesis of (±)-Cochlearol B8	Schindler’s Synthesis of (+)-Cochlearol B9	Conclusions
CsOH-Promoted Regiospecific Sulfenylation, Selenylation, and Telluration of Indoles in H2O
Authors: Wang Xue-Qiang , Li Ningbo , Xu Shitang , Yi Rongnan , Zeng Chunling , Cui Yue , Xu Xinhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVarious indole-containing compounds have shown impressive pharmaceutical activities against a variety of diseases. However, the functionalization of indoles usually relies on systems that use organic solvents, which do not meet the criteria for green and sustainable chemical development. To address this issue, regiospecific sulfenylation, selenylation, and telluration of indoles were developed using H2O as solvent. The highly efficient chalcogenylation of indoles was achieved utilizing CsOH as a promoter, thus avoiding the use of expensive transition-metal catalysts. This newly developed protocol is characterized by its outstanding features including simple operation, mild conditions, wide substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and recyclability, leading to the convenient synthesis of 3-chalcogenyl-indoles.
Reliability of a Submaximal Field Test in Wheelchair
Rugby
Authors: Grossmann Fabian , Perret Claudio , Roelands Bart , Meeusen Romain , Flueck Joelle Leonie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the test-retest reliability of performance and
physiological variables of a submaximal wheelchair rugby field test. Eight
trained wheelchair rugby athletes with a spinal cord injury (age: median 40,
interquartile range 6.9 y; body mass: median 77.7, interquartile range
23.9 kg) performed a submaximal field test two times with a duration of
41 min, split up into four sets of eight min. Each set included eight
laps with one eight-meter sprint (SP8) and one four-meter sprint (SP4). The
absolute and relative reliability and the performance decrease (fatigue) across
the sets were investigated. The examined variables were sprinting time, heart
rate, and RPE. The measured parameters showed moderate (peak heart rate
ICC3,1=0.663, peak rate of perceived exertion ICC3,1=0.718),
good (SP4 ICC3,1=0.874), and excellent (mean heart rate
ICC3,1=0.905, SP8 ICC3,1=0.985) test-retest reliability. Fatigue
was observed for SP8 in test 2 between set 2/3 and set 2/4. For
test 1 a significant decrease of performance for SP4 was found between set
2/3, set 2/4 and between set 3/4. In conclusion the
submaximal field test showed moderate to excellent reliability for all measured
parameters. The observed fatigue seems to be not clinically relevant. The test
can be recommended to assess the effects of training or interventions.
The Dental Management of Pediatric Patient Diagnosed with Myasthenia Gravis: A Case Report
Authors: AlManea Saad M. , AlHadlaq Mashael A. , AlBuqmi Noura M. , AlGomaiz Sultan S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMyasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder characterized by muscle weakness and can vary in severity from the mild form that affects the ocular muscles only to the generalized form that affects the other muscle groups. The prevalence of MG is 150 to 200 per million population over the past 50 years, and approximately 10% of these cases are pediatric patients where the disease onset starts before the age of 18 years. The etiology of MG is due to the blockage of neuromuscular transmission by circulating autoantibodies targeting mainly the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and associated proteins in the postsynaptic membrane of skeletal muscles. In MG patients, dental treatment is challenging due to the nature of the condition and its complexity. Moreover, dentists treating MG patients should acquire knowledge about the disease background and the special considerations that need to be taken. In this case report, our aim was to raise awareness about MG among dentists and discuss the dental management of the patients who have this disease and the precautions that should be taken. This case report presents a pediatric MG patient with poor oral hygiene, multiple decayed teeth, dental fluorosis, tongue thrust oral habit that led to anterior open-bite and uncomplicated crown fracture of the upper permanent central incisors. The decision was made to treat the patient under general anesthesia because of the medical condition and the extent of the dental treatment. In the process of preparing the patient for surgery, the patient was cleared from the treating physicians and was admitted under neurology care as per the primary physician. On the day of surgery, the patient received full-mouth dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia, including pulp therapy, crowns, restorations, and extractions. Furthermore, she was seen regularly in recall visits every 3 months.
A miniature piezoelectric pump with high performance
Authors: Yang Zhigang , Dong Luntao , Wang Meng , Li Xingqi , Liu Xiaopeng , Liu Guojun 
Published: June 2022

The high performance and miniaturization of the piezoelectric pump are essential for its application. A single-chamber piezoelectric pump with a circular unimorph piezoelectric actuator and cantilever check valves is proposed in this work, which has good output performance and smaller overall size. The working principle of the piezoelectric pump was described, and the theoretical working characteristics of the cantilever check valve were analyzed in detail. The corresponding experimental prototype was made for the output performance assessment. The experimental results show that the pump has good self-suck ability under well-assembled process conditions, which provides a guarantee for the high flow rate and the output pressure of the piezoelectric pump. The maximum flow rate of 4.5 ml/min is obtained when the pump is driven by an offset sinusoidal voltage of 180Vpp at 50 Hz; the maximum output pressure of the pump reaches 52 kPa under 180Vpp at 150 Hz. In addition, at 70 Hz, 180Vpp, the comprehensive performance of the piezoelectric pump is better, with a flow rate above 3 ml/min and an output pressure over 35 kPa. The proposed piezoelectric pump has the characteristics of simple structure, high performance, small size, and low cost, which can be applied in microelectronic cooling, biomedical, and other fields.
Similarities and differences of
Authors: Boulata K. , Irakli M. , Tsialtas J. T. 
Published: June 2022

Context Vicia sativa subsp. macrocarpa (V. macrocarpa), a large-seeded vetch, is underutilised and has been proposed as a putative source of seed feed along with V. sativa subsp. sativa (V. sativa, common vetch). Aims The study aimed to compare the two subspecies for a range of seed yield and quality traits. Methods Three accessions of each subspecies were grown under field conditions during two growing seasons. Measurements included pod and seed morphology, seed yield per plant, pod shattering and seed toughness, seed nutritional traits, and insect damage. Key results No significant differences were found for seed weight per plant (9.95–14.75 g); however, V. macrocarpa accessions showed lower emergence percentages (7–18%) and higher pod shattering (4.01% vs 0.17%) than V. sativa. The higher number of seeds per pod (8.50 vs 7.49) and larger seeds (70.63 vs 59.67 g) significantly contributed to yield of V. macrocarpa. Over the six accessions, seed weight per plant was significantly correlated with harvest index. The darker seeds of V. macrocarpa had lower seed protein concentration (25.96% vs 27.89%) and higher concentrations of antinutritional phenolic compounds (total phenols, total tannins, condensed tannins, flavonoids). Seeds of V. macrocarpa were enriched in manganese (17.72 vs 12.65 mg/kg) compared with V. sativa, but poorer in potassium (8.44 vs 10.50 g/kg). The high manganese and phenolics concentrations in seeds of V. macrocarpa were associated with lower percentages of bruchid-infected seeds and endoparasitoid (Triaspis thoracicus) damaged seeds, possibly due to toxic effects. Conclusions The two subspecies varied significantly in seed quality traits, but not yield. Implications More extensive comparisons between the two subspecies, with larger numbers of accessions, are needed in order to determine the potential of V. macrocarpa as a source of seed feed.
‘As democracy grows’
Authors: Inya Onwu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the metaphorical framing of the concept of democracy in Nigerian Senate debates
(henceforth, NSD) in a mini-corpus of 214 meta-discursive commentaries on democracy by legislators, with insight from metaphor
scenario theory. Three source concepts – “
erect structure”, “living organism”,
“dividends” and their associate scenarios are analysed. These scenarios are exploited by legislators to
effect specific argumentative and ideological conclusions, such as Nigerian democracy is weak, positive-self-presentation by
legislators amongst others. The paper reveals the conceptual, evaluative and ideological structures that dominate the discourse
about democratization in Nigeria, especially in the Fourth Republic, from the perspective of legislators.
Improving ecosystem services in farmlands: beginning of a long-term ecological study with restored flower-rich grasslands
Authors: Báldi András , Pellaton Raoul , Bihaly Áron Domonkos , Szigeti Viktor , Lellei-Kovács Eszter , Máté András , Sárospataki Miklós , Soltész Zoltán , Somay László , Kovács-Hostyánszki Anikó 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Biodiversity declines in an unprecedented way, mostly due to land use change. Restoration interventions proved to be one of the most effective tools to halt the decline, especially in ecosystems such as agricultural fields. Evidence-based, locally adapted recommendations on grassland restoration, however, are often missing, so we present a novel approach for such interventions that can be implemented anywhere and that are based on scientific rigor. In a recently started long-term field ecological study, we established 0.5 ha wildflower parcels, using a diverse local seed mixture of 32 insect-visited plant species in Central European agricultural landscapes in 2020. Our focus is on the landscape-scale effects of this ecological intensification on ecosystem services such as crop yield, pollination and pest control, and the long-term monitoring of the successional processes. The aim is to showcase an effective restoration protocol that could serve as a model for future farm management, and provide much-needed evidence for policy on landscape ecological restoration of international relevance.
Color image restoration based on saturation-value total variation plus L1 fidelity*
Authors: Wang Wei , Song Qifan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Color image restoration is one of the most important tasks in image processing. In this paper, we propose and develop a novel saturation-value total variation (SVTV) plus L1 fidelity (SVTV-L1) model for color image restoration. SVTV is incorporated in the proposed model for regularizing the objective color image, meanwhile, L1 norm is considered for data fitting term in the proposed energy functional. Theoretically, we investigate the properties of the objective functional and the objective model. Note that the proposed energy functional including L1 norm is nonsmooth. We develop a smooth approximation approach to study the existence and properties of the solution of the proposed optimization problem. Numerically, Poisson noise and mixed noise have been tested and studied in the experimental results. We formulate an effective and efficient algorithm to solve the proposed minimization problem based on the framework of alternating direction method of multipliers. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate that the performance of the proposed SVTV-L1 model is better than that of other testing methods in terms of visual quality, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and structure similarity.
Real-time remaining useful life prediction based on adaptive kernel window width density
Authors: Zhang Jiangmin , Shi Hui , Dong Zengshou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction plays an important role in improving the availability and productivity of systems. To improve the accuracy of real-time RUL prediction during system operation, we propose a modeling method for real-time RUL prediction based on adaptive kernel window width density. First, a non-parametric kernel density estimation (KDE) real-time RUL prediction model is proposed, and a window width model with adaptive kernel window width density is established by introducing a local density factor in the window width selection. The local density of sample points is calculated by the k-nearest neighbor distance, and the KDE is performed by adaptively selecting the window width value according to the local density of sample points in the region of non-uniform distribution of sample points. As the monitoring data changes in real time, the kernel density estimates of known samples are used to recursively update the kernel density estimates of new samples. Moreover, the logarithmic transformation of random variables and space mapping are used in the establishment of the RUL prediction model. A model of logarithmic kernel diffeomorphism transformation is established to solve the boundary shift problem of kernel estimation in the prediction to improve the prediction accuracy. Finally, the validity of the method is verified through case studies, and the accuracy of the model is judged using evaluation quasi-measures.
A contact-based technique for measurement of membrane tension
Authors: Aminian Behzad , Abadi Iman Rahgozar , Green Sheldon , Rogak Steven 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Membranes are used widely in engineering applications, including the porous membranes in fuel cells and ventilation systems. In order to understand the mechanical behavior of the membrane, one should know the loads acting on it, including the tension applied to it during the manufacturing process. This study describes a novel contact-based method to measure the pre-tension for applications, such as membrane energy exchangers, where optical access to the membrane is limited. The method involves direct measurement of the membrane location under various pressures, using a novel probe, and inferring the pre-tension by comparing the results with theoretical models. The technique is validated by measuring the tension of membranes pre-tensioned to known values. The RMS deviation between the measured tension and the set pre-tension is 0.55 N m−1, which is approximately 3% of the pre-tension used in a typical membrane energy exchanger.