bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different Types, Different Reactions? How Civil Society Organizations Respond to Right-Wing Extremism
Authors: Lundberg Erik 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExtreme right-wing violence has resulted in an intense academic debate on how democratic actors can respond to movement on the extreme right. This article explores how various types of CSOs perceive their role, interest, and willingness when it comes to counteracting right-wing extremism. Building on a theoretical framework that makes visible a variety of CSO responses and differences between types of CSOs, the results show that CSOs view themselves as having a watchdog role in relation to right-wing extremism. However, CSOs place the principal responsibility of response to right-wing extremism outside organized civil society in the hands of politicians, citizens, and the media. In addition, not all CSOs are willing to respond in the same way or to the same extent. Humanitarian and social service organizations are more inclined to engage in dialogue and protest compared with sports and recreation organizations and culture organizations. The article concludes by discussing the notion that bridging organizations may be more willing to respond to right-wing extremism and to use dialogue and deliberation compared to bonding organizations.
Arabica-coffee and teobroma-cocoa agro-industrial waste biosorbents, for Pb(II) removal in aqueous solutions
Authors: Lavado-Meza Carmencita , De la Cruz-Cerrón Leonel , Cisneros-Santos Gregorio , De la Cruz Alex H. , Angeles-Suazo Julio , Dávalos-Prado Juan Z. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAgro-industrial waste biosorbents of arabica–coffee (WCA) and theobroma–cocoa (WCT) have been characterized and tested to remove Pb(II) from aqueous media. The maximum adsorption capacity of WCA and WCT (qmax = 158.7 and 123.5 mg·g−1, respectively) is comparable or even higher than for several other similar agro-industrial waste biosorbents reported in the literature. Structural and morphological characterization were performed by infrared spectrometry with Fourier transform (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and charge measurements at the zero point charge (pHPZC). Both biosorbents, WCA and WCT, show cracked surfaces with heterogeneous plates which ones include functional adsorption groups such as OH, C = O and C-O-C. Optimal Pb(II) adsorption occurs for a pH between 4 and 5 at [WCA] and [WCT] dose concentrations of 2 g·L−1. We found that the adsorption process follows pseudo-second order kinetics with a rapid growth rate (almost six times larger for WCA than for WCT), basically controlled by the chemisorption process. The regeneration of both biosorbents was carried out in an eluent of 0.1M HNO3 and they can be efficiently reused up to 5 times.
Detection and assessment of dust mite allergens in an indoor environment in Anhui, China
Authors: Xue Qiqi , Zou Minghui , Guo Junjie , Teng Qiao , Zhang Qiqi , Sheng Lingwei , Xu Sijia , Fang Can , Yao Ning , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Jinhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDust in the home environment is thought to be a potential trigger for increasing allergic diseases, such as allergic rash, rhinitis, asthma, and other conditions, associated with dust mites. To verify the status of dust mite prevalence in indoor surroundings, we collected 189 dust samples from the air conditioner filters (n = 75) and floors (n = 114) of households, schools, and hotels in the Anhui area, China. All samples were measured for dust mite breeding rate and breeding density under light microscopy and analyzed for dust mite species Dermatophagoides farinae 1 (Der f 1) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 1 (Der p 1) allergen using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The dust mite breeding rates were 34.67% (26/75) and 20.18% (23/114), respectively, in the dust samples from the floor and air conditioning filters. The breeding density was the highest in households (10/g), followed by schools (9/g) and hotels (4/g). ELISA indicated that the allergen threshold (2.0 µg/g dust) of Der f 1 was exceeded in only two samples and Der p 1 in one sample. Additionally, a questionnaire was used to investigate the health knowledge on allergic diseases involved in indoor facilities, finding that most allergy sufferers were aware that indoor dust might be responsible for their conditions. The findings suggest that regular maintenance of indoor hygiene and cleaning of air-conditioning filters should reduce the risks of exposure to indoor allergens.
Gemeinwesenarbeit in Erzählcafés für geflüchtete Frauen
Authors: Romppel Joachim , Hassan Rebecca 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Sozialarbeiterin Yildiz Sahinde Demirer hat mit anderen Frauen das Projekt „Erzählcafés für geflüchtete Frauen“ in Trägerschaft der Landeshauptstadt Hannover (2018 bis 2021) konzipiert und umgesetzt. In fünf Stadtteilen konnten sich die Frauen regelmäßig treffen und austauschen, sich beteiligen und kamen zu Wort. Ihre Arbeit bezeichnet Demirer als Gemeinwesenarbeit mit politischen und feministischen Schwerpunkten. Die wissenschaftliche Begleitung durch Rebecca Hassan und Joachim Romppel von der Hochschule Hannover führte zur Dokumentation und Auswertung des Modellprojekts. Das Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge (BAMF) förderte das Projekt. Bemerkenswert sind die Erfolge dieser nonformalen Bildungsarbeit.
Volumetric Imaging of Neural Activity by Light Field Microscopy
Authors: Bai Lu , Zhang Zhenkun , Ye Lichen , Cong Lin , Zhao Yuchen , Zhang Tianlei , Shi Ziqi , Wang Kai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecording the highly diverse and dynamic activities in large populations of neurons in behaving animals is crucial for a better understanding of how the brain works. To meet this challenge, extensive efforts have been devoted to developing functional fluorescent indicators and optical imaging techniques to optically monitor neural activity. Indeed, optical imaging potentially has extremely high throughput due to its non-invasive access to large brain regions and capability to sample neurons at high density, but the readout speed, such as the scanning speed in two-photon scanning microscopy, is often limited by various practical considerations. Among different imaging methods, light field microscopy features a highly parallelized 3D fluorescence imaging scheme and therefore promises a novel and faster strategy for functional imaging of neural activity. Here, we briefly review the working principles of various types of light field microscopes and their recent developments and applications in neuroscience studies. We also discuss strategies and considerations of optimizing light field microscopy for different experimental purposes, with illustrative examples in imaging zebrafish and mouse brains.
Registered Nurses’ Perspectives of the Impact of a Post-registration Education Qualification on Patient Care and Clinical Practice in Cancer Care: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Kerr Helen , McSorley Oonagh , Donovan Monica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStudent evaluation of teaching is routinely completed as modules and programmes of study at higher education institutions conclude. The evaluations are often focused on the educational value and experience. For programmes with healthcare professionals as students, the impact of the learning on patient care and clinical practice is not routinely captured in these student evaluations. These insights are crucial as the definitive impact of learning for many educational programmes of study for healthcare professionals is to enhance patient outcomes. The aim of this qualitative research study was to capture the impact of a post-registration Specialist Practice in cancer pathway for registered nurses in the context of Northern Ireland following completion of the programme. Eleven participants engaged in interviews in 2021 who had completed the education programme from 2013 to 2021. Two themes inductively emerged from the data which provided insights into the specific impact of the education programme on patient care and clinical practice. Theme one identified patient outcomes improved, and was related to five sub themes; development of nurse’s clinical knowledge; enhanced awareness of the holistic impact of cancer; greater understanding of patient services available; development of clinical networks; and greater decision-making ability. Theme two related to the impact of the qualification on clinical practice through an increase in their professional credibility within the multidisciplinary team in cancer services. The debate on how to capture the impact of education on patient care and clinical practice in cancer care, should consider how to routinely capture this data.
Production of efficient carbon fiber from different solid waste residuals for adsorption of hazardous metals from wastewater samples
Authors: Abou-Hadid Ayman F. , El-Behairy Usama A. , Elmalih Mahmoud M. , Amdeha Enas , El Naggar Ahmed M. A. , Taha Mohamed H. , Hussein Ahmed E. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Uranium (as a hazardous and radioactive element) removal from wastewater requires reliable technology and proper functional materials. Carbon fiber species that are produced from agricultural solid waste can be a proper type of low-cost adsorbents for wide uses in wastewater treatment. In this work, two carbon fiber species labeled CF-RH and CF-SCB were synthesized from two different agricultural wastes, namely, rice husk and sugarcane bagasse respectively. The structural properties of carbon fiber were verified by XRD, FTIR, and Raman, spectroscopy. Both nitrogen-adsorption–desorption BET surface area and TEM were performed to figure out the textural characteristics of the presented sorbents. The charges on surfaces of the fibers were detected via zeta potential analysis. The prepared carbon fibers were applied for uranium removal from aqueous solution by adsorption technique. The acquired data display that the equilibrium time was 240 min. The results of adsorption process are nicely fitted with pseudo-second-order-kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. The maximum sorption capacity was 21.0 and 29.0 mg/g for CF-RH and CF-SCB, respectively. Sorption thermodynamics declare that adsorption of U(VI) is an endothermic, spontaneous, and feasible process. The picked findings of this study could emphasize high reliability of the introduced adsorbents in efficient tackling of water contaminants.
An improved immersed boundary method by coupling of the multi-direct forcing and Fourier pseudo-spectral methods
Authors: Mariano Felipe Pamplona , Moreira Leonardo de Queiroz , Nascimento Andreia Aoyagui , Silveira-Neto Aristeu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present paper aims to report an improve on the development of the IMERSPEC methodology, which is a methodology that couples the Fourier pseudo-spectral and immersed boundary methods, which can now solve flows over complex geometries. In the present work, the Lagrangian mesh that represents the immersed body inside the flow does not have to coincide with the Eulerian mesh. Furthermore, a high accuracy for the resultant methodology is achieved. These two important improvements arise from the development of the multi-direct forcing method and used to calculate the force field of the immersed boundary method. In order to verify the IMERSPEC methodology, a manufactured solution technique was used. The results of a refined mesh were employed, and different distribution and interpolation functions were used and analysed. Finally, flows over a backward-facing step geometry were simulated in two dimensions. This type of flow presents several physical features, for example, detachment and reattachment of the boundary layer and vortex generation, which are difficult to capture using numerical solutions. A comparison with the experimental data is presented and shows that the IMERSPEC methodology is promising for computational fluid dynamics applications and its analysis.
Biomarkers and the quadriceps femoris muscle architecture assessed by ultrasound in older adults with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fuentes-Abolafio Iván José , Ricci Michele , Bernal-López María Rosa , Gómez-Huelgas Ricardo , Cuesta-Vargas Antonio Ignacio , Pérez-Belmonte Luis Miguel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is an important comorbidity in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The ultrasound (US) assessment has all the advantages of being used in primary care to assess muscle quantity and quality. Some biomarkers could be indicative of muscle mass loss.

Aims
To describe the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the quadriceps femoris assessed by US in older adults with HFpEF and to assess the relationship of the blood and urinary biomarkers, the polypharmacy and comorbidities with US outcomes in older adults with HFpEF.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted. 76 older adults with HFpEF were included. The quadriceps femoris muscle thickness (MT, cm), the subcutaneous fat tissue thickness (FT, cm), the muscle echo intensity (MEI) and the subcutaneous fat tissue echo intensity (FEI) were assessed by US in a non-contraction (non-con) and contraction (con) situations. Polypharmacy, comorbidities, blood and urine biomarkers were also collected.

Results
The carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125), the folic acid and the urine creatinine shared the 86.6% variance in the non-con MT, adjusted by age, sex and body mass index (BMI). The folic acid shared the 38.5% of the variance in the con MT, adjusted by age, sex and BMI. The glycosylated haemoglobin explained the 39.6% variance in the non-con MEI, adjusted by age, sex and BMI. The chlorine (Cl−) explained the 40.2% of the variance in the non-con FT, adjusted by age, sex and BMI. The polypharmacy and the folic acid explained the 37.9% of variance in the non-con FEI, while the polypharmacy and the thyrotropin (TSH) shared the 44.4% of variance in the con FEI, both adjusted by age, sex and BMI. No comorbidities, polypharmacy, or blood and urinary biomarkers could explain the con MEI and the con FT variance.

Conclusions
Blood and urinary biomarkers obtained in routine analyses could help clinicians detect US outcome changes in older adults with HFpEF and identify a worsening of sarcopenia.

Trial registration
NCT03909919. April 10, 2019. Retrospectively registered.
Thermodynamics fundamentals and energy efficiency for the separation and high-valued utilization of Fischer–Tropsch heavy oil
Authors: Liu Zongchao , Li Hong , Liu Suli , Chen Jiuzhou , Zhang Zisheng , Li Xingang , Zhang Angui , Yuan Wei , Gao Xin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development trend of Fischer–Tropsch (F–T) technology is to develop high value-added products. The separation of linear α-olefins with low cost is an effective method. Nevertheless, the lack of thermodynamic data and the huge energy consumption are the two main problems restricting the development of the separation process. The thermodynamic data of the key components (1-dodecene and n-dodecane) in the F–T product were measured. The Wilson binary interaction parameters of the key components were obtained. Next, one traditional distillation column sequence and two dividing wall column (DWC) sequences were designed to separate the F–T heavy oil to obtain narrow fractions with different carbon numbers. Then, the obtained fractions of C10 and C12 were simulated to obtain 1-decene and 1-dodecene, respectively. There was a traditional distillation and a differential pressure thermal coupling distillation process. When separating 95.0% purity 1-decene and 1-octene, the direct DWC process and differential pressure thermal coupled distillation are an excellent combination, which can reduce the energy by 33.1% (i.e., 11,286 kW) and total annual cost by 15.9% (i.e., 3.96 × 106 $) compared with traditional distillation.
Cryptocurrencies and stablecoins: a high-frequency analysis
Authors: Barucci Emilio , Moncayo Giancarlo Giuffra , Marazzina Daniele 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe analyze cryptoasset markets (cryptocurrencies and stablecoins) at high frequency. We investigate intraday patterns. We show that Tether plays a crucial role as a safe haven and/or store of value facilitating trading in cryptocurrencies without going through traditional currencies. Markets centered on cryptocurrencies and stablecoins play a primary role aggregating preference/technology shocks and heterogeneous opinions, instead markets centered on the US dollar play a marginal role on price formation.
An improvement of manufacturing process using 3D printing technology for overhead line components on railway electrification
Authors: Lee Kiwon , Jung Hosung 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn an electric railway, an overhead contact system (OCS) is assembled with many components, and it maintains a voltage of 25 kV to supply electricity to the electric trains. As electric trains grow faster, the overhead line comes to employ a diverse range of materials to deliver electricity and maintain high tension. Overhead lines supply electricity to electric trains through mechanical contact with a pantograph, and since they are not fault-tolerant, they require high reliability. That makes it take a long time to develop and supply components and also makes it difficult and time consuming to apply new materials or new designs to components. This study proposes a manufacturing process for overhead line components using 3D printing technology. For this, a clevis terminal clamp for high-speed railway was chosen and a design drawing was created with 3D scanning. For molding, additive manufacturing technology was used. The study castings were obtained by applying precision casting and sand mold casting methods, respectively, and their elongation and tensile strength were compared with products made with a traditional method.
Pressure-Induced Fibroid Ischemia: First-In-Human Experience with a Novel Device for Laparoscopic Treatment of Symptomatic Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Tal Michael G. , Keidar Ran , Magnazi Gilad , Henn Ohad , Kim Jin Hee , Chudnoff Scott G. , Stepp Kevin J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of use of a novel uterine fibroid treatment device hypothesized to cause fibroid infarction by increasing intra-tumoral pressure. Between August 2019 and January 2020, 21 uterine fibroids were treated in 16 symptomatic pre-menopausal black women. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging was performed before the procedure, a day after the procedure and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The subjects were also followed for clinical outcomes and quality of life up to 12 months at a single investigational site. At 3 months, the mean reduction in the fibroid volume was 36.3% (P = .002). Incremental reduction in volume peaked at the end of the follow-up, at the 12-month mark (60.4%; P = .008). There were no procedures in which the users failed to perform laparoscopic pressure suturing of fibroids with the pressure-induced fibroid ischemia device. Improvement in the quality of life was evident in the Health-Related Quality of Life total, Energy/Mood, Control, and Sexual Function domains of the Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality of Life questionnaire at 3 months post-procedure. Unanticipated risks were not identified. Serious adverse events were not identified. The initial clinical assessment of the pressure-induced fibroid ischemia device supports feasibility of the approach and does not reveal serious safety concerns. Trial is currently being registered retrospectively (This was a feasibility study and therefore registration was not mandatory).
Does Bother/Distress Contribute to the Diagnosis of Premature Ejaculation?
Authors: Rowland David L. , McNabney Sean M. , Hevesi Krisztina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe role of bother/distress in the diagnosis of premature ejaculation (PE) has received minimal investigation compared with the 2 other diagnostic criteria, ejaculatory control and ejaculatory latency (EL).AimThis study assessed (i) the added variance explained by bother/distress to the diagnostic accuracy of PE and (ii) determined its overall contribution to a PE diagnosis.MethodsThe 3 diagnostic criteria for PE were assessed in 2,589 men (mean age = 38.2 years, SD = 13.5) in order to determine the contribution of each factor to a dysfunctional diagnosis. A series of regression and discriminant analyses were used to assess the value of bother/distress in explaining ejaculatory control and in predicting accuracy of PE group status. Commonality analysis was used to determine the relative contribution of each of these factors to the diagnosis of PE.Main Outcome MeasureThe major outcome was the quantified contribution of “bother/distress” to a PE diagnosis.ResultsBother/distress accounted for about 3–4% of the variation in ejaculatory control and added only minimally to the prediction accuracy of PE group status (no, probable, definite PE). Commonality analysis indicated that bother/distress comprised about 3.6% of the unique explained variation in the PE diagnosis, compared with ejaculatory control and EL which contributed 54.5% and 26.7%, respectively. Common variance among factors contributed the remaining 15.5% to the PE diagnosis.Clinical TranslationBother/distress contributes least to the determination of a PE diagnosis. Its contribution is largely redundant with the unique and combined contributions of ejaculatory control and EL.Strengths and LimitationsUsing a well-powered and multivariate analysis, this study parsed out the relative contributions of the 3 diagnostic criteria to a PE diagnosis. The study is limited by its use of estimated EL, a single item assessment of bother/distress, and the lack of differentiation of PE subtypes, lifelong and acquired.ConclusionBother/distress contributes minimally to the PE diagnosis, yet its assessment may be key to understanding the experiences of the patient/couple and to developing an effective treatment strategy.
Selecting EHR-driven recruitment strategies: An evidence-based decision guide
Authors: Grout Randall W. , Hood Dan , Nelson Sarah J. , Harris Paul A. , Embí Peter J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Participant recruitment for research is a persistent bottleneck that can be improved by leveraging electronic health records (EHRs). Despite emerging evidence for various EHR-driven approaches, guidance for those attempting to select and use such approaches is limited. The national Recruitment Innovation Center established the EHR Recruitment Consult Resource (ERCR) service line to support multisite studies through implementation of EHR-driven recruitment strategies. As the ERCR, we evolved a guide through 17 consultations over 3 years with multisite studies recruiting in diverse biomedical research domains. We assessed literature and engaged domain experts to identify five key EHR-driven recruitment strategies: direct to patient messages, candidate lists for mailings/calls, direct to research alerts, point of care alerts, and participant registries. Differentiating factors were grouped into factors of study population, study protocol and recruitment workflows, and recruitment site capabilities. The decision matrix indicates acceptable or preferred strategies based on the differentiating factors. Across the ERCR consultations, candidate lists for mailing or calls were most common, participant registries were least frequently recommended, and for some studies no EHR-driven recruitment was recommended. Comparative effectiveness research is needed to refine further evidence for these and potentially new strategies to come.