bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood T‐helper 17 cells and interleukin‐17A correlate with the elevated risk of postpartum depression and anxiety
Authors: Min Zhihong , Li Yan , Ying Hao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundT‐helper (Th) cells regulate inflammation and immunity, which is implicated in psychological disorders. The current study aimed to explore the clinical role of blood Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells and their main secreted cytokines in postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum anxiety (PPA).MethodsA total of 226 postpartum women were included. At 6 weeks postpartum, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory 6 item version (STAI6) scores were assessed; meanwhile, blood Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells were detected by flow cytometry, serum interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), and IL‐17A were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe incidence of PPD and PPA were 24.3% and 27.9%, respectively. Th17 cells and IL‐17A were positively correlated with EPDS score and STAI6 score (all p < 0.001). Besides, Th17 cells (p < 0.001) and IL‐17A (p = 0.002) were increased in PPD cases vs. non‐PPD cases, and they were also elevated in PPA cases vs. non‐PPA cases (both p < 0.05). However, Th1 cells, Th2 cells, IFN‐γ, and IL‐4 were not linked with EPDS score or STAI6 score (all p > 0.05); besides, they did not vary in PPD cases vs. non‐PPD cases or in PPA cases vs. non‐PPA cases (all p > 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that Th17 cells were independently associated with an elevated risk of PPD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.600, p = 0.001) and PPA (OR = 1.371, p = 0.022).ConclusionBlood Th17 cells and IL‐17A are positively linked with the risk of PPD and PPA, indicating which may be involved in the development of PPD and PPA.
Study on the transfructosylation activity of Aspergillus oryzaeIPT‐301 cells in a packed bed reactor aiming at fructooligosaccharide production
Authors: Dias Giancarlo S , Santos Erica D , Xavier Michelle CA , Almeida Alex F , Silva Elda S , Maiorano Alfredo E , Perna Rafael F , Morales Sergio AV 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFructooligosaccharides (FOS) are prebiotic sugars used in the production of functional foods. These sugars can be produced by the transfructosylation reaction of sucrose catalyzed by fructosyltransferase enzymes (FTase, E.C.2.4.1.9). The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of cells of Aspergillus oryzae IPT‐301 as biocatalysts for the sucrose transfructosylation reaction in a packed bed reactor (PBR).RESULTSThe morphology of the cells was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and BET specific surface areas were examined by nitrogen physisorption The highest transfructosylation activity (660 U g−1) of the cells was obtained at 25 min of reaction by adopting a reaction temperature of 50 °C, sucrose concentration of 470 g L−1, and volumetric flow of 15 mL min−1. The rise in volumetric flow provided an increase in the transfructosylation activity, but also a faster deactivation of the biocatalyst. Enzyme kinetics was described using the Michaelis–Menten model, with a Vmax of 632.8 U g−1 and a km of 160.7 g L−1. The cells showed constant enzymatic activity for 12 h of reaction in the PBR operated with discontinuous flow at flow rates of 5 mL min−1 and 11.5 mL min−1, and in the PBR operated with continuous flow at a flow rate of 5 mL min−1. The transition from diffusional to kinetic regimes was observed starting from 11.5 mL min−1.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained suggest a high potential of application of the whole A. oryzae IPT‐301 cells for continuous FOS production in PBR. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Gender disparities in multiple myeloma publications
Authors: Dweik Aala , Dweik Hadeel , Mian Hira , Mohan Meera , Schinke Carolina , Al Hadidi Samer 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGender disparities exist in academia and are disproportionately affecting females. We conducted a cross‐sectional study to analyze gender disparities in multiple myeloma (MM) publications. A total of 679 publications with 8898 authorships were analyzed. The mean number of authors for females vs. males, per publication, was 4.4 and 8.7, respectively. Females constituted a third of the total authors. Female first authors, corresponding authors, and last/senior authors were 34%, 21%, and 18%, respectively. Note that, 17% of authors of clinical trial publications were females. Gender disparities in MM publications exist and are more obvious in the last/corresponding authorship. Efforts should be made to identify factors that contribute to these disparities and work to resolve them.
Future warming accelerates lake variations in the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Yong , Chen Huopo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMounting evidence suggests that lakes in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) have been exposed to the dangers of climate warming. However, rare studies have been devoted to quantitatively estimating the contribution of climate warming to changes in lake ice phenology and lake expansion. Our results reveal a warmer future will further shorten lake ice duration in the TP and aggravate lake expansion in the Inner TP (ITP). Based on the statistical model and CMIP6 multimodel ensemble mean, the projected lake ice duration loss in the TP was presented. Specifically, the rising temperature in the cold season at the middle of the 21st century will lead to the generation of 22 ice‐free days and 29 ice‐free days in the scenarios of SSP2‐4.5 and SSP5‐8.5, respectively. While at the end of the 21st century, the average lake ice duration will decrease by 35 and 71 days, respectively, and some individual models indicate that a few lakes will no longer freeze in the scenario of SSP5‐8.5. Moreover, the results retrieved from the lake mass balance model simulation indicate that the increased precipitation in the warm season will yield the total lake expansion of approximately 8,000 and 9,000 km2 from 2015 to 2050 in the scenarios of SSP2‐4.5 and SSP5‐8.5, respectively. But the simulations suggest that lake expansion in the future is insensitive to the glacier mass loss. This study presents evidence to illustrate that the future warming will greatly impact the lake evolution in the TP and benefits for understanding of the TP cryosphere response to climate warming.
Impact of scaling and root planing on salivary and serum plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 expression in patients with periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Guru Sanjeela R. , Aghanashini Suchetha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) is significantly enhanced in insulin resistance and inflammation and ascribed as a proinflammatory marker. This study aimed to compare and correlate salivary and serum PAI‐1 and alpha 2‐macroglobulin (α2MG) in patients with periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and also appraise the consequence of periodontal treatment on these biomarkers.MethodsSixty subjects enlisted were split into two groups; Group 1 consisted of 30 systemically healthy subjects with Stage II and III, generalized, Grade B, C periodontitis while Group 2 consisted of 30 patients with periodontitis and well‐controlled T2DM (PDM). Salivary and serum PAI‐1 and α2MG levels were estimated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and allied with clinical parameters before and 3 months post non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Data were statistically analyzed using student t‐test and Spearman correlation.ResultsAnalogous improvements in clinical periodontal markers were experienced in both groups after initial periodontal treatment. Estimates of salivary and serum PAI‐1 and α2MG were higher among the PDM group compared with periodontitis alone at baseline. Significant diminution in estimates of biomarkers was noted 3 months after NSPT. In the PDM group, there was also an improvement in glycemic control.ConclusionsNSPT positively impacted both groups. Noteworthy expression of salivary and serum PAI‐1 in patients with periodontitis and diabetes insinuates a possible role of the adipokine in periodontal inflammation and glucose level regulation. Salivary PAI‐1 could thus be used as a diagnostic biomarker to detect disease activity and to track periodontal therapy response.
Simple and rapid separation of Haematococcus pluvialis and ciliate based on the dean‐coupled inertial microfluidics
Authors: Jiang Dong , Wang Lei , Liu Yingjia , Huo Xiaoting , Lin Jianhan , Li Li 
Published: June 2022

Astaxanthin with high antioxidant activity is of great practical value and Haematococcus pluvialis is recognized as the best natural astaxanthin producer. The yield of Haematococcus pluvialis was often affected by the ciliate during its production, however, the use of biochemical pesticides might have a great impact on Haematococcus pluvialis. Therefore, a simple microfluidic chip with the spiral microchannel was developed for continuous‐flow physical separation of ∼10 µm ciliate from ∼30 µm Haematococcus pluvialis since their different sizes resulted in different equilibrium positions in the channel due to the Dean‐coupled inertial migration. First, a spiral microchannel with a width of 700 µm and a height of 130 µm in the microfluidic chip was developed using three‐dimensional printing and verified to completely separate polystyrene particles of 10 µm from those of 30 µm. Then, this microfluidic chip was used to separate the actual sample, and experimental results showed that ∼80% of ciliate was continuously separated from Haematococcus pluvialis at a flow rate of 2.8 ml/min. More importantly, no additional biochemical reagents were used and the activity of Haematococcus pluvialis was not affected. This microfluidic chip featured with simple design, automatic operation, and small size is promising for purification and breeding of Haematococcus pluvialis.
Integral kernels on complex symmetric spaces and for the Dyson Brownian Motion
Authors: Graczyk P. , Sawyer P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, we consider flat and curved Riemannian symmetric spaces in the complex case and we study their basic integral kernels, in potential and spherical analysis: heat, Newton, Poisson kernels and spherical functions, i.e., the kernel of the spherical Fourier transform. We introduce and exploit a simple new method of construction of these W‐invariant kernels by alternating sum formulas. We then use the alternating sum representation of these kernels to obtain their asymptotic behavior. We apply our results to the Dyson Brownian Motion on .
Parasitic element loaded efficient electrically small antenna for indoor wireless applications
Authors: Padhi Jyotibhusan , Kumar Awanish , Reddy G. Shrikanth 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study presents an electrically small antenna loaded with a parasitic loop resonator for dual‐band operations. The proposed configuration covers 2.4 GHz Bluetooth/Wi‐Fi, 5G new radio (n79), and 5 GHz WLAN bands. In this study, a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed L‐shaped driven element is capacitively coupled with a parasitic loop resonator to get a dual‐band response centered at 2.43 and 5.5 GHz, respectively. Further, an open‐ended stub is attached with the driven element to achieve wide impedance bandwidth over the 5 GHz WLAN band. The overall dimension of the proposed antenna is 0.06λ × 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength at 2.43 GHz. The parasitic loop resonator loaded electrically small antenna offers 60 and 1580 MHz impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB). The stable impedance bandwidth and radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna validate its suitability for wireless application(s).
Microwave photonics‐based channelized receiving and reconstruction for broadband RF signal
Authors: Wang Ping , Qiu Jichen , Yang Ling , Wei Bing , Li Jie , Jin Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA microwave photonics‐based channelized receiver for broadband vector signals is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. A 4‐line optical frequency comb (OFC) generated by a dual‐parallel Mach‐Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) is used as local oscillator (LO) signal in the in‐phase/quadrature (I/Q) receiver for coherently down‐converting the broadband signal into different channelized bands. By properly setting the frequency difference between the OFC comb line and the broadband signal, either homodyne or heterodyne detection of I/Q receiver is realized. To compensate the amplitude difference and phase difference of adjacent channel signals, an overlap ratio of adjacent slices is introduced for channel equalization and signal reconstruction. The simulated result shows the error vector magnitude of 4‐channel channelization for a reconstructed 8 GBaud quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signal is very close to the original one. In the experiment, 2‐channel channelization for a 2 GBaud QPSK is realized and the whole signal is reconstructed successfully. The experimental result also proves the quality improvement of reconstructed signal with an increase of channel overlap ratio.
Postoperative hypothalamic damage predicts postoperative weight gain in patients with adult‐onset craniopharyngioma
Authors: Wu Jie , Fu Jun , Huang Zhong Jian , Xie Shen Hao , Tang Bin , Wu Xiao , Tong Zhi Gao , Wu Bo Wen , Pan Cheng Bing , Yang You Qing , Ding Han , Li Shao Yang , Qi Jia Long , Hong Tao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to recapitulate the change trajectory of postoperative weight and investigate the association between postoperative hypothalamic damage and weight gain and hypothalamic obesity (HO) in patients with adult‐onset craniopharyngioma.MethodsThe data of 96 patients with surgically treated primary adult‐onset craniopharyngioma were retrospectively analyzed. The association between postoperative hypothalamic damage based on magnetic resonance images or endoscopic observation and postoperative weight gain and HO was determined by multivariable logistic regression.ResultsForty‐seven (49.0%) patients and 18 (18.8%) patients experienced clinically meaningful weight gain (≥5%) and HO at last follow‐up, respectively. Postoperative weight significantly increased during the first 6 months following surgery, followed by stabilization. Both grade 2 postoperative hypothalamus damage, as evaluated by the magnetic resonance imaging classification system of Müller et al., and higher scores based on the Roth et al. hypothalamic lesion score were significantly associated with postoperative weight gain of ≥5% (p = 0.005 and p = 0.002) and with HO (p = 0.001 and p = 0.008). Additionally, bilateral hypothalamic injury as evaluated by the Hong et al. hypothalamic injury pattern based on endoscopic observation (p = 0.008) could predict postoperative weight gain ≥5%.ConclusionsSignificant postoperative weight gain is common in patients with adult‐onset craniopharyngioma. Postoperative hypothalamic damage can predict clinically meaningful weight gain and HO.
Predicting neurocognitive function in pediatric brain tumor early survivorship: The neurological predictor scale and the incremental validity of tumor size
Authors: McCurdy Mark D. , Raghubar Kimberly P. , Christopher Krystal , Okcu M. Fatih , Wilde Elisabeth , Desai Nilesh , Chu Zili D. , Gragert Marsha , Stancel Heather , Warren Emily H. , Whitehead William E. , Grosshans David , Paulino Arnold C. , Chintagumpala Murali , Kahalley Lisa S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Neurological Predictor Scale (NPS) quantifies cumulative exposure to conventional treatment‐related neurological risks but does not capture potential risks posed by tumors themselves. This study evaluated the predictive validity of the NPS, and the incremental value of tumor location and size, for neurocognitive outcomes in early survivorship following contemporary therapies for pediatric brain tumors.ProcedureSurvivors (N = 69) diagnosed from 2010 to 2016 were administered age‐appropriate versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales. Hierarchical multiple regressions examined the predictive and incremental validity of NPS score, tumor location, and tumor size.ResultsParticipants (51% female) aged 6‐20 years (M = 13.22, SD = 4.09) completed neurocognitive evaluations 5.16 years (SD = 1.29) postdiagnosis. The NPS significantly predicted Full‐Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ; ΔR2 = .079), Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI; ΔR2 = 0.051), Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI; ΔR2 = 0.065), and Processing Speed Index (PSI; ΔR2 = 0.049) performance after controlling for sex, age at diagnosis, and maternal education. Tumor size alone accounted for a significant amount of unique variance in FSIQ (ΔR2 = 0.065), PRI (ΔR2 = 0.076), and PSI (ΔR2 = 0.080), beyond that captured by the NPS and relevant covariates. Within the full model, the NPS remained a significant independent predictor of FSIQ (β = −0.249, P = 0.016), VCI (β = −0.223, P = 0.048), and PRI (β = −0.229, P = 0.037).ConclusionsTumor size emerged as an independent predictor of neurocognitive functioning and added incrementally to the predictive utility of the NPS. Pretreatment disease burden may provide one of the earliest markers of neurocognitive risk following contemporary treatments. With perpetual treatment advances, measures quantifying treatment‐related risk may need to be updated and revalidated to maintain their clinical utility.
Development of single‐polypropylene composites interleaved with MWCNT‐doped melt‐blown fine fiber mats
Authors: Kara Yahya , Molnár Kolos 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, we demonstrate fabricating polypropylene (PP)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite fiber veils and use them as interleaves in single‐polymer composites (SPCs) to enhance their thermal and mechanical properties. With this regard, we produced a hierarchical composite structure made of a film, a woven fabric and a fine fiber mat made of the same polymer. The nanocomposite fiber mats were generated by melt‐blowing. Results implied that incorporating MWCNT increased the viscosity of the melt blowing grade PP resin. Increasing MWCNT content increased the average fiber diameter and pore size by 2.1‐fold and 2.5‐fold, respectively. Incorporating MWCNT enhanced the melt‐blown (MB) fiber mat's specific strength by 78% and improved the thermal stability. We generated multiscale SPCs by film‐stacking, for which we applied a PP film as a matrix, a PP‐woven fabric as the primary reinforcement, and the MB fiber mats as interleaves. The SPC's tensile modulus was improved by 37% by the interleaving. Our findings implied that the MWCNT‐doped PP fiber mat interleaving provides a robust interfacial adhesion and higher damage tolerance under tensile load. Master curves were constructed from dynamic mechanical analysis frequency sweep tests based on the time–temperature superposition principle. The storage modulus increased by 33%, while the tanδ decreased around 10% with PP/MWCNT fiber mat interleaving. The developed multiscale SPC with MWCNT fiber mat interleaving veils may be easily integrated into engineering composite applications due to its cost‐efficiency, fair recycling, straightforward processing, enhanced stiffness, and interfacial adhesion.
Cutting glass with photons
Authors: Kahmann Max , Kaiser Myriam , Kleiner Jonas , Hesse Tim , Flamm Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA comprehensive report is provided here about the state of the art and recent advances in cutting glass with ultrashort pulsed lasers. Several optical concepts are discussed that enable single‐pass, full thickness modification of transparent articles in the most diverse geometries, such as architectural glass or glass tubes. We also highlight the trend towards tailored glass edges for substrate protection with laser‐fabricated chamfers. A completely new beam‐shaping concept is used here, in which a large number of focus copies are distributed along any edge shape in order to combine cutting and chamfering within a single laser process.
Design of grating waveguide structures for pulsed laser systems
Authors: Rumpel Martin , Beirow Frieder , Graf Thomas , Abdou Ahmed Marwan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGrating waveguide structures (GWS) offer great variety in design for generating different states of polarization in laser resonators. The polarization‐selective properties are achieved by one or more dielectric layers in combination with sub‐wavelength microstructures. The resonant nature and resultant enhancement of the electromagnetic field in the dielectric layers used to limit the application of GWS in pulsed operation. However, thanks to robust design and fabrication methods, GWS can now be applied here without problems.
Review of technology specific degradation in crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium selenide, dye sensitised, organic and perovskite solar cells in photovoltaic modules: Understanding how reliability improvements in mature technologies can enhance emerging technologies
Authors: Kettle Jeff , Aghaei Mohammadreza , Ahmad Shahzada , Fairbrother Andrew , Irvine Stuart , Jacobsson Jesper J. , Kazim Samrana , Kazukauskas Vaidotas , Lamb Dan , Lobato Killian , Mousdis Georgios A. , Oreski Gernot , Reinders Angele , Schmitz Jurriaan , Yilmaz Pelin , Theelen Mirjam J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA comprehensive understanding of failure modes of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules is key to extending their operational lifetime in the field. In this review, first, specific failure modes associated with mature PV technologies, such as crystalline silicon (c‐Si), copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) and cadmium telluride (CdTe), are framed by sources of specific failure modes, their development from the early‐developmental stages onwards and their impact upon long term performance of PV modules. These failure modes are sorted by both PV technology and location of occurrence in PV modules, such as substrate, encapsulant, front and rear electrode, absorber and interlayers. The second part of the review is focused on emerging PV technologies, such as perovskites solar cells, dye sensitised and organic PVs, where due to their low to medium technology readiness levels, specific long‐term degradation mechanisms have not fully emerged, and most mechanisms are only partially understood. However, an in‐depth summary of the known stability challenges associated with each emerging PV technology is presented. Finally, in this paper, lessons learned from mature PV technologies are reviewed, and considerations are given in to how these might be applied to the further development of emerging technologies. Namely, any emerging PV technology must eventually pass industry‐standard qualification tests, while warranties for the lifetime of modern c‐Si‐based modules might be extended beyond the existing warranted life of 25 years.