bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N6-Methyladenosine Modification Changes in the Genome of Paulownia Fortunei Seedlings Infected With Phytoplasma
Authors: Xu Pingluo , Huang Shunmou , Zhai Xiaoqiao , Li Xiaofan , Yang Haibo , Cao Yabing , Fan Guoqiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Phytoplasmas induce diseases in more than 1,000 plant species and cause substantial ecological damage and economic losses, but the specific pathogenesis of phytoplasma has not yet been clarified. N6-methyladenosine sequencing (m6A-seq) has been applied mainly to model plants and not to woody plants. Results: In this study, we applied m6A-seq to study changes in m6A modification in the Paulownia fortunei genome after phytoplasma infection. We found that the m6A modification level in seedlings infected with the phytoplasma that causes Paulownia witches' broom (PaWB) was slightly higher than the m6A modification level in PaWB-infected seedlings treated with 60 mg·L−1 methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). MMS has been shown to restore PaWB-infected seedlings to their normal form and no phytoplasma can be detected in MMS-treated PaWB-infected seedlings. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and m6A-seq were used to analyze the expression of genes with m6A peaks and m6A motifs in genes, respectively. The correlation analysis between the RNA-seq and m6A-seq data detected that a total of 315 differentially methylated genes were predicted to be significantly differentially expressed at the transcriptome level. The functions of genes related to PaWB were predicted by functional enrichment analysis, and two genes related to maintenance of the basic mechanism of stem cells in shoot apical meristem were discovered. One of the genes encodes the receptor protein kinase CLV2 (Paulownia_LG2G000076), and the other gene encodes the homeobox transcription factor STM (Paulownia_LG15G000976). The m6A modification levels were higher in PaWB-infected seedlings than they were in MMS-treated seedlings. In addition, genes F-box (Paulownia_LG17G000760) and MSH5 (Paulownia_LG8G001160) had exon skipping and mutually exclusive exon types of alternative splicing in PaWB-infected seedling treated with MMS. RT-PCR verified that the alternative splicing of these two genes was related to m6A modification. Conclusions: In this study, we applied m6A-seq to determine methylation levels in phytoplasma-infected Paulownia, and combined m6A-seq with transcriptome analysis to screen differentially expressed genes associated with PaWB. Also analyzed the effect of m6A methylation on alternative splicing. In future studies, we plan to verify genes directly related to PaWB and methylation-related enzymes in Paulownia to elucidate the pathogenicity mechanism of PaWB caused by phytoplasma invasion.
Effects of Transthoracic Echocardiography on the Prognosis of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis of the MIMIC-III Database
Authors: Dong Daoran , Wang Yan , Wang Chan , Zong Yuan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has high mortality and is mainly related to the circulatory failure.Therefore, real-time monitoring of cardiac function and structural changes has important clinical significance.Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a simple and noninvasive real-time cardiac examination which is widely used in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of TTE on the prognosis of ICU patients with ARDS.Methods: The data of ARDS patients were retrieved from the MIMIC-III v1.4 database and patients were divided into the TTE group and non-TTE group. Then, the baseline data were compared between the two groups, and the effect of TTE on the prognosis of ARDS patients was analyzed through multivariate logistic analysis and the propensity score (PS).Results: A total of 1,346 ARDS patients were enrolled, including 519 (38.6%) cases in the TTE group and 827 (61.4%) cases in the non-TTE group. Compared with the non-TTE group, the 28-day mortality of patients in the TTE group was greatly improved (OR=0.64 95%CI: 0.48-0.86, P=0.003). The length of ICU stay in the TTE group was significantly shorter than that in the non-TTE group (17d vs.14d, P=0.0001). The infusion volume in the TTE group was significantly less than that of the non-TTE group (6.2L vs.5.5L on day 1, P=0.0012). Importantly, the patients in the TTE group were weaned ventilators earlier than those in the non-TTE group (ventilator-free days within 28 d: 21 d vs. 19.8 d, respectively, P = 0.071).Conclusion: TTE can lower the risk of 28-d mortality in patients with ARDS.
Traumatic Brain Injury Alters Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Distribution in Lymphoid and Non-Lymphoid Organs
Authors: Tsymbalyuk Orest , Gerzanich Volodymyr , Simard Marc , Rathinam Chozha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Pathophysiological consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) mediated secondary injury remain incompletely understood. In particular, the impact of TBI on the differentiation and maintenance of dendritic cells (DCs), remains completely unknown. Here, we report that DC- differentiation, maintenance and functions are altered at both early and late phases of TBI. Our studies identify that; 1. frequencies and absolute numbers of DCs in the spleen and BM are altered at both acute and late phases of TBI; 2. surface expression of key molecules involved in antigen presentation of DCs were affected both at early and late phases of TBI; 3. distribution and functions of tissue-specific DC subsets of both circulatory and lymphatic systems were imbalanced following TBI; 4. early differentiation program of DCs, especially the commitment of hematopoietic stem cells to common DC progenitors, were deregulated after TBI; and 5. intracellular ROS levels were reduced in DC progenitors and differentiated DCs at both early and late phases of TBI. Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that TBI affects the distribution pattern of DCs and induces an imbalance among DC subsets in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. In addition, the current study demonstrates that TBI results in reduced levels of ROS in DCs at both early and late phases of TBI, which may explain altered DC differentiation paradigm following TBI. A deeper understanding on the molecular mechanisms that contribute to DC defects following TBI would be essential and beneficial in treating infections in patients with acute central nervous system (CNS) injuries.
Response of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin Ice Sheet to Southern Ocean Warming During Late Pleistocene Interglacials
Authors: Crotti Ilaria , Quiquet Aurelien , Landais Amaelle , Stenni Barbara , Wilson David , Severi Mirko , Mulvaney Robert , Wilhelms Frank , Barbante Carlo , Frezzotti Massimo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The response of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to past intervals of oceanic and atmospheric warming is still not well constrained but critical for understanding both past and future sea-level change. Furthermore, the ice sheet in the Wilkes Subglacial Basin, which is characterized by a reverse-sloping bed, appears to have undergone thinning and ice discharge events during recent decades. By combining new glaciological evidence on ice sheet elevation from the TALDICE ice core with offshore sedimentological records and ice sheet modelling experiments, we reconstruct the ice dynamics in the Wilkes Subglacial Basin over the past 350,000 years. Our results indicate that the Wilkes Subglacial Basin experienced an extensive retreat 330,000 years ago and a more limited retreat 125,000 years ago. These changes coincided with warmer Southern Ocean temperatures and elevated global mean sea level during those interglacial periods, confirming the sensitivity of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin ice sheet to ocean warming and its potential role in sea-level change.
Perception-based Assessment of Ecosystem Services of Abijata-Shalla National Park Wetlands in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Bedo Denbel , Mekuriaw Abate , Bantider Amare 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Abijata-Shalla Park was established as one of Ethiopia's national parks to safeguard wetlands and ecosystem services (ESs). Some of the ESs that are offered by the wetlands are currently depleting and disappearing rather than being protected. Understanding the drivers behind these changes can help individuals and policymakers design mitigation measures. The objective of this case was to assess ESs and the drivers of change with highlighting on the Abijata wetland. In addition to a household survey and group discussion, personal interviews and field observation were employed to collect data. Using these data, the various ESs were assessed and ranked from 1-10 according to local perception. Grading scales such as very high (−2), high (−1), neutral (0), low (+1), and very low (+2) were employed to analyse the drivers of ESs change. Analyses of the study revealed that some of the ESs, including fish, papyrus, water reeds, hunting and spiritual services, existed before 1991, but have since disappeared from the site. Twenty ESs are available; 11 services pertain to provisioning, followed by 4 regulating, 3 cultural and 2 supporting services. Wetland for cultivation ranked highest, followed by domestic water supply and pasture. All services, with the exception of arable land and pasture, are on the decline. Water abstraction is the primary driver of ESs change, followed by population growth and deforestation. The park existed as a "paper park." Water withdrawals from the Ziway-Shalla sub-basin should be restricted. Instead, focus on water conservation strategies to make better use of abstracted water.
Augmented Genetic Risk of Thrombophilia in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Case report and Review of Literature
Authors: sherief laila , zakaria marwa , soliman basma , kamal naglaa , Khan Hekmat , abdelazeem Mahmoud 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is relatively common in children with acute ALL that usually appears after the diagnosis or during therapy secondary to many associated risk factors. Here in we report for the first time a child who developed cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) prior to the diagnosis of ALL.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Traditional Chinese Herb “Chai-Hu” Resources Using Genome-Wide SNPs Through Genotyping-By-Sequencing
Authors: Jiang Ming , Yan Song , Ren Weichao , Xing Nannan , Li Hongyuan , Zhang Meiqi , Liu Meiqi , Ma Wei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bupleurum (named “Chai-hu”) is an important traditional Chinese medicine resource in China. It has been widely used since ancient times and has antipyretic, analgesic and cholagogic functions, but there is little research on its genetic diversity. In this study, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was used to detect SNP loci in 39 Bupleurum germplasm resources from different regions in China and analyse their genetic diversity. A total of 25.1 Gb of data was obtained by sequencing, with an average of 0.64 Gb per sample. After screening, 83898 high-quality SNPs were obtained. The results of genetic research were obtained by phylogenetic tree, principal component analysis and population structure analysis, and the 39 experimental materials were divided into three groups. The average observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity of Bupleurum populations were 0.24 and 0.17, respectively, indicating that Bupleurum populations from five different provinces had a low level of genetic diversity. Population nucleotide diversity analysis and analysis of molecular variance showed that the percentage of intrapopulation variation was 120.88%, while the percentage of interpopulation variation was only 2.46%. There was relative aggregation of Bupleurum samples with the same geographical origin, but the division of population structure was not completely correlated with sample origin. The results showed that the genetic diversity of the materials was low and that the genetic variation was narrow. This provides a good basis for the genetic breeding and protection of species diversity of Bupleurum.
Unplanned Hemodialysis Initiation and Low Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Scores are Associated with End-Stage Renal Disease Outcomes
Authors: Maenosono Ryoichi , Kobayashi Daisuke , Matsunaga Tomohisa , Yano Yusuke , Taniguchi Shunri , Fujiwara Yuya , Komura Kazumasa , Uehara Hirofumi , Kagitani Maki , Hirano Hajime , Inamoto Teruo , Nomi Hayahito , Azuma Haruhito 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have low nutritional status, presenting a high mortality risk. The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is a predictive marker of malnutrition. However, it is unclear whether the association between unplanned hemodialysis (HD) and GNRI scores is related to mortality.
Methods

The 180 patients who underwent HD at our hospital were divided into two groups: unplanned initiation with a central venous catheter (CVC; n=73) or planned initiation with prepared vascular access (n=107).
Results

There were no significant differences in sex, age, malignant tumor, hypertension, and vascular disease, while there were significant differences in time from the first visit to HD initiation (0 vs. 7 times, p=0.012) and days between the first visit and HD (12 vs. 186 days, p<0.001). The CVC insertion group had significantly lower GNRI scores at initiation (85.5 vs. 98.8, p<0.001). The adjusted hazard ratios were 4.115 and 3.077 for the GNRI scores and frequency, respectively. Three-year survival was significantly lower in the CVC + low GNRI group (p<0.0001). GNRI after 1 month was significantly inferior in the CVC insertion group.
Conclusions

Inadequate general management due to late referral to the nephrology department is a risk factor for patients with ESRD.
Cross-sectional Analysis of Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infection Secondary to Spinal Internal Fixation via the Posterior Approach
Authors: Dong XiangHui , Zhou Yongchun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Backgroud: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors related to surgical site infection (SSI) secondary to spinal internal fixation via the posterior approach.Methods: Patients who had undergone spinal internal fixation via the posterior approach at the spinal center of our hospital from January 2004 to December 2019 were selected in this cross-sectional study. Information about age, sex, body mass index (BMI), fused segment, hemoglobin concentration, serum albumin concentration, surgical duration, surgery beginning time, allogeneic blood transfusion, combined diabetes, peak blood glucose 72 h postoperatively ≥12 mmol/L, smoking history, and blood loss were included. The factors related to SSI were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. P < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.Results: Among the 4,350 patients, 66 had SSI, with an infection prevalence of 1.5%. The subjects included 37 men and 29 women (age range, 22–84 y; average age, 47.4 ± 12.8 y). Univariate analysis showed that sex, BMI, fused segment, surgery beginning time, allogeneic blood transfusion, and smoking history were not correlated to infection (P > 0.05). However, age >60 y, surgical duration >3 h, serum albumin concentration <30 g/L, hemoglobin concentration <80 g/L, combined diabetes, peak blood glucose 72 h postoperatively ≥12 mmol/L, and blood loss >1,000 mL were correlated with infection (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age >60 y, surgical duration >3 h, hemoglobin concentration <80 g/L, serum albumin concentration <30 g/L, combined diabetes, and blood loss >1,000 mL were significantly correlated with SSI secondary to spinal internal fixation via the posterior approach.Conclusion: This study provides information on SSI secondary to spinal internal fixation via the posterior approach. We found that age >60 y, surgical duration >3 h, hemoglobin concentration <80 g/L, serum albumin concentration <30 g/L, combined diabetes, and blood loss >1,000 mL are directly correlated with SSI secondary to spinal internal fixation via the posterior approach. These findings may contribute to discussions and actions that may help to reduce SSI secondary to spinal internal fixation via the posterior approach in the short or medium term.
RNA-Seq analysis reveals expression regulatory divergence of W-linked genes between two contrasting chicken breeds
Authors: Gu Hongchang , Wang Liang , Lv Xueze , Yang Weifang , Chen Yu , Li Kaiyang , Zhang Jianwei , Jia Yaxiong , Ning Zhonghua , Qu Lujiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The regulation of gene expression is a complex process involving organism function and phenotypic diversity, and is caused by cis- and trans- regulation. While prior studies identified the regulatory pattern of the autosome rewiring in hybrids, the role of gene regulation in W sex chromosomes is not clear due to their degradation and sex-limit expression. Here, we developed reciprocal crosses of two chicken breeds, White Leghorn and Cornish Game, which exhibited broad differences of gender-related traits, and assessed the expression of the genes on W chromosome to disentangle the contribution of cis- and trans-factors to expression divergence. We found that there was not appear to be an association between female fecundity and W chromosome gene expression, that 44% of expressed genes had divergent expression between breeds in both tissues, with only 17% of them showing greater expression in White Leghorn. We observed that the proportion of trans-acting genes in W chromosome was higher than cis-regulatory divergence. There were most parental divergence expression genes in muscle, also more heterosis compared with other two tissues. A strong dominant impact of Cornish alleles in brain, while obvious crosses-specific regulatory patterns appeared in liver. Taken together, this work describes the regulatory divergence of W-linked genes between two contrasting breeds and indicates sex chromosomes have a unique regulation and expression mechanism.
Stable Isotopes Carbon C13 and Oxygen O18 as Indicators of Triassic Limestone Sedimentation Environment and Diagenesis
Authors: Stanienda-Pilecki Katarzyna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The results of researches of the stable isotopes, carbon 13C and oxygen 18O, measured in Triassic limestones of Opole Silesia in Poland were presented in this article. The study was carried out to obtain data for interpretation of the environment of these rocks formation. Moreover, it was possible to form the theory about diagenetic processes which influenced on the mineral composition of limestone and some of their carbonte phases. The results of study show a general differentiation of δ13C and δ18O contents in carbonate minerals. All δ18O values are less than 0 ‰. It indicates that the origin oxygen isotope composition could be probably reset by diagenesis. The crystallization temperatures of low-Mg calcite and high-Mg, calculated on the basis of δ18O values are greater than 25 oC. They are higher than typical for sea basin and are also not be related to the presence of hydrothermal solutions. The increased temperatures of calcites crystallization are related to diagenetic processes that took place after the deposition and burial of carbonate material. The preservation of high-Mg calcite, an ustable carbonate phase, which is usually trasformed into low-Mg calcite during diagenesis, is probably connected with the increased salinity of the sea basin in which studied limestones were formed.
The Nasal Microbiome of Predicting Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants
Authors: Xu Yanping , Huang Yeqing , Shen Zhen , Shi Liping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is chronic lung disease of prematurity and associated with substantial long-term disabilities. To characterize and compare the nasal swabs microbiome of early stage in premature infants and determine whether microbial diversity or composition in the airway associated with BPD disease. We performed a prospective observational cohort design. Preterm neonates less than 32 weeks of gestation were recruited from NICU, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from 2019 to 2020. Sterile foam swabs were collected from anterior nares at 1 and 3 weeks of postnatal age. We used PCR amplification and 16S rDNA sequencing. Neonatal demographic data including gestational age, birth weight, medication administration history were recorded. A total of 98 nasal swabs samples were collected from 54 preterm infants, 13 developed BPD infants and 41 control infants were finally involved in the study. Birth weights ranged from 700 to 2,050 g. Gestational age ranged from 25 2/7to 31 6/7. We found increased in the expression of Prevotella, Marinomonas, Enterobacteriaceae, Weissella, Selenomonas, Oribacterium, Nubsella and Antricoccus in BPD group at two time points. Prevotella was correlated with the severity of BPD (Spearman r=0.361, P=0.000). Given possible roles for noninvasive upper airway microbiota in BPD pathobiology, the nasal microbiome in BPD is a compelling area of research to continue to expand.
Smooth Autonomous Navigation Considering Avoidance Behavior Characteristics of Pedestrians
Authors: Harada Ryunosuke , Yoshitake Hiroshi , Shino Motoki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To ensure the coexistence of autonomous personal mobility vehicles (PMVs) and pedestrians in a pedestrian zone, they should be able to smoothly pass across and avoid each other. Studies suggest that it is possible that PMVs and pedestrians can pass each other in a short period of time without compromising their comfort; this can be achieved through understanding how pedestrians react to the behavior of PMVs and by modifying the autonomous navigation of PMVs accordingly. Therefore, in this study, the avoidance behavior characteristics of pedestrians were investigated. Experiments were conducted to understand the influence of the selected avoiding behavior parameters and to understand the behavior characteristics of pedestrians in relation to the behavior of PMVs. Furthermore, a path planning strategy that enables smooth passing was developed based on these characteristics. The usefulness of this method was evaluated. The avoidance time and the avoiding angular velocity at the start and end of the avoidance behavior were the parameters that contributed to smooth autonomous navigation. The results show that pedestrian tolerance improves and the avoidance width decreases depending on these parameters. Furthermore, smooth autonomous navigation can be achieved using the characteristics of pedestrians’ cognition against PMVs.