bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA sequencing reveals lncRNA-mediated non-mendelian inheritance of feather growth change in chickens
Authors: Qiu Mohan , Yu Chunlin , Zhu Shiliang , Liu Siyang , Peng Han , Xiong Xia , Chen Jialei , Jiang Xiaosong , Du Huarui , Li Qingyun , Zhang Zengrong , Yang Chaowu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in biological processes. However, the expression patterns of lncRNAs that regulate the non-Mendelian inheritance feather phenotypes remain unknown.

Objective
This study aimed to compare the expression profiles of lncRNAs in the follicles of the late-feathering cocks (LC) and late-feathering hens (LH) that followed genetic rules and the early-feathering hen (EH) and early-feathering cock (EC) that did not conform to the genetic laws.

Methods
We performed RNA sequencing and investigated the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) between the early- and late-feathering chickens, which function by cis-acting or participate in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network.

Results
A total of 53 upregulated and 43 downregulated lncRNAs were identified in EC vs. LC, and 58 upregulated and 109 downregulated lncRNAs were identified in EH vs. LH. The target mRNAs regulated by lncRNAs in cis were enriched in the pentose phosphate pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway and Jak-STAT signaling pathway in EC vs. LC and were associated with the TGF-β signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway and Jak-STAT signaling pathway in EH vs. LH. In addition, the lncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulatory pathways of hair follicle formation were mainly enriched in the TGF-β signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, melanogenesis, and calcium signaling pathways. The levels of ENSGALG00000047626 were significantly higher in the late-feathering chickens than in the early-feathering chickens, which regulated the expression of SSTR2 by gga-miR-1649-5p.

Conclusion
This study provides a novel molecular mechanism of lncRNA’s response to the feather rate that does not conform to the genetic laws in chickens.
Credit risk assessment mechanism of personal auto loan based on PSO-XGBoost Model
Authors: Rao Congjun , Liu Ying , Goh Mark 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs online P2P loans in automotive financing grows, there is a need to manage and control the credit risk of the personal auto loans. In this paper, the personal auto loans data sets on the Kaggle platform are used on a machine learning based credit risk assessment mechanism for personal auto loans. An integrated Smote-Tomek Link algorithm is proposed to convert the data set into a balanced data set. Then, an improved Filter-Wrapper feature selection method is presented to select credit risk assessment indexes for the loans. Combining Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model, a PSO-XGBoost model is formed to assess the credit risk of the loans. The PSO-XGBoost model is compared against the XGBoost, Random Forest, and Logistic Regression models on the standard performance evaluation indexes of accuracy, precision, ROC curve, and AUC value. The PSO-XGBoost model is found to be superior on classification performance and classification effect.
High-Transconductance, Highly Elastic, Durable and Recyclable All-Polymer Electrochemical Transistors with 3D Micro-Engineered Interfaces
Authors: Wang Wenjin , Li Zhaoxian , Li Mancheng , Fang Lvye , Chen Fubin , Han Songjia , Lan Liuyuan , Chen Junxin , Chen Qize , Wang Hongshang , Liu Chuan , Yang Yabin , Yue Wan , Xie Zhuang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have emerged as versatile platforms for broad applications spanning from flexible and wearable integrated circuits to biomedical monitoring to neuromorphic computing. A variety of materials and tailored micro/nanostructures have recently been developed to realized stretchable OECTs, however, a solid-state OECT with high elasticity has not been demonstrated to date. Herein, we present a general platform developed for the facile generation of highly elastic all-polymer OECTs with high transconductance (up to 12.7 mS), long-term mechanical and environmental durability, and sustainability. Rapid prototyping of these devices was achieved simply by transfer printing lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS/LiTFSI) microstructures onto a resilient gelatin-based gel electrolyte, in which both depletion-mode and enhancement-mode OECTs were produced using various active channels. Remarkably, the elaborate 3D architectures of the PEDOT:PSS were engineered, and an imprinted 3D-microstructured channel/electrolyte interface combined with wrinkled electrodes provided performance that was retained (> 70%) through biaxial stretching of 100% strain and after 1000 repeated cycles of 80% strain. Furthermore, the anti-drying and degradable gelatin and the self-crosslinked PEDOT:PSS/LiTFSI jointly enabled stability during > 4 months of storage and on-demand disposal and recycling. This work thus represents a straightforward approach towards high-performance stretchable organic electronics for wearable/implantable/neuromorphic/sustainable applications.
Is the Cure Worse than the Disease? The Ethics of Imposing Risk in Public Health
Authors: Silva Diego S. , Smith Maxwell J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEfforts to improve public health, both in the context of infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases, will often consist of measures that confer risk on some persons to bring about benefits to those same people or others. Still, it is unclear what exactly justifies implementing such measures that impose risk on some people and not others in the context of public health. Herein, we build on existing autonomy-based accounts of ethical risk imposition by arguing that considerations of imposing risk in public health should be centered on a relational autonomy and relational justice approach. Doing so better captures what makes some risk permissible and others not by exploring the importance of power and context in such deliberations. We conclude the paper by applying a relational account of risk imposition in the cases of (a) COVID-19 measures and (b) the regulation of sugar-sweetened beverages to illustrate its explanatory power.
Profiling of Sleep Models Based on Voluntary and Involuntary Sleep in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Oda Azusa , Katayama Miho , Aijo Ritsuko , Kato Chinatsu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to generate the concept of voluntary sleep (V) and involuntary sleep (IV) in sleep, to build sleep models using them, and to profile by diabetes control in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
We obtained 595 nights of sleep data from 50 participants. Participants measured sleep with the sleep meter HSL-101 (Omron Healthcare, Kyoto) and answered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). They were operationally defined as V and IV.

Results
"V1: sleep self-determination" and "V2: conscious sleep quantity" were generated from voluntary sleep, and "IV1: continuous deep sleep" and "IV2: actual sleep quantity" were generated from involuntary sleep. Using cluster analysis, they were classified into three models, "CL1: sleep satisfaction model", "CL2: short sleep model", and "CL3: dissatisfaction sleep model". When the diabetes controls in each cluster were compared by ANOVA and Bonferroni's test, HbA1c was higher in the order of CL1, CL2, and CL3, and there was a significant difference between CL1 and CL3 (p = 0.029). Similarly, age was low in the same order and BMI was high in the same order, with a significant difference between CL1 and CL3 (p = 0.030, 0.037).

Conclusions
Sleep in adults with type 2 diabetes could be clustered into three models based on V and IV, each of which could be profiled by a significantly characteristic diabetes control index. It will be possible to identify the patient's sleep model from the diabetes control and appropriately approach voluntary sleep and involuntary sleep.
Indirect Measurement Methods for Quality and Process Control in Nanomanufacturing
Authors: Fan Zhaoyan , Hu Xiaochen , Gao Robert X. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRapid advancement over the past decades in nanomanufacturing has led to the realization of a broad range of nanostructures such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanowires. The unique mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties of these nanostructures have made them increasingly desired as key components in industrial and commercial applications. As the geometric dimension of nano-manufactured products is on the sub-micron to nanometer scale, different mechanisms and effects are involved in the nanomanufacturing process as compared to those for macro-scale manufacturing. Although direct measurement methods using atomic force microscopy and electron beam microscopy can determine the dimensions of the nano structure with high accuracy, these methods are not suited for online process control and quality assurance. In comparison, indirect measurement methods analyze in-process parameters as the basis for inferring the dimensional variations in the nano products, thereby enabling online feedback for process control and quality assurance. This paper provides a comprehensive review of relevant indirect measurement methods, starting with their respective working principles, and subsequently discussing their characteristics and applications in terms of two different approaches: data-based and physics-based methods. Relevant mathematical and physics models for each of the methods are summarized, together with the associated effect of key process parameters on the quality of the final product. Based on the comprehensive literature conducted, it was found that: (1) indirect measurement, especially the data-based method, plays a critical role when it comes to online process control and quality assurance in nanomanufacturing, because of the short processing time compared to the direct method, and (2) physics-based method is providing a way to optimize the process set up for desired geometrical dimensions.
Inequality and income segregation in Brazilian cities: a nationwide analysis
Authors: de Sousa Filho José Firmino , dos Santos Gervásio F. , Andrade Roberto F. Silva , Paiva Aureliano S. , Freitas Anderson , Castro Caio Porto , de Lima Friche Amélia A. , Barber Sharrelle , Caiaffa Waleska T. , Barreto Maurício L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResidential segregation has brought significant challenges to cities worldwide and has important implications for health. This study aimed to assess income segregation in the 152 largest Brazilian cities in the SALURBAL Project. We identify specific socioeconomic characteristics related to residential segregation by income using the Brazilian demographic census of 2010 and calculated the income dissimilarity index (IDI) at the census tract level for each city, subsequently comparing it with Gini and other local socioeconomic variables. We evaluated our results’ robustness using a bootstrap correction to the IDI to examine the consequences of using different income cut-offs in substantial urban and regional inequalities. We identified a two minimum wage cut-off as the most appropriate. We found little evidence of upward bias in the calculation of the IDI regardless of the cut-off used. Among the ten most segregated cities, nine are in the Northeast region, with Brazil's highest income inequality and poverty. Our results indicate that the Gini index and poverty are the main variables associated with residential segregation.
Determination of wind-fed model parameters of neutron stars in high-mass X-ray binaries
Authors: Taani Ali , Karino Shigeyuki , Song Liming , Zhang Chengmin , Chaty Sylvain 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe have studied several neutron star high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) with super-giant (SG) companions using a wind-fed binary model associated with the magnetic field. By using the concept of torque balance, the magnetic field parameter determines the mass accretion rate. This would help us to consider the relationship between wind velocity and mass-loss rate. These parameters significantly improve our understanding of the accretion mechanism. The wind velocity is critical in determining the X-ray features. This can be used to identify the ejection process and the stochastic variations in their accretion regimes. However, even in systems with a long orbital period, an accretion disk can be created when the wind velocity is slow. This will allow the HMXB of both types, SG and Be, to be better characterised by deriving accurate properties from these binaries. In addition, we have performed segmentation in the parameter space of donors intended for several SG-HMXB listed in our sample set. The parameter space can be categorised into five regimes, depending on the possibility of disk formation associated with accretion from the stellar wind. This can give a quantitative clarification of the observed variability and the properties of these objects. For most of the systems, we show that the derived system parameters are consistent with the assumption that the system is emitting X-rays through direct accretion. However, there are some sources (LMC X-4, Cen X-3 and OAO1657-415) that are not in the direct accretion regime, although they share similar donor parameters. This may indicate that these systems are transitioning from a normal wind accretion phase to partial RLOF regimes.
Conditional Congressional communication: how elite speech varies across medium
Authors: Blum Rachel , Cormack Lindsey , Shoub Kelsey 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElected representatives have more means of public-facing communication at their disposal than ever before. Several studies examine how representatives use individual mediums, but we lack a baseline understanding of legislators’ relative use patterns across platforms. Using a novel data set of the four most widely used forms of written, constituent-facing communication (press releases, e-newsletters, Facebook posts, and Twitter tweets) by members of the US House of Representatives in the 114th (2015–2017), 115th (2017–2019), and 116th (2019–2021) Congresses, we generate a baseline understanding of how representatives communicate across mediums. Our analyses show that institutional, legislator, and district characteristics correspond with differential use of mediums. These findings underscore why medium choice matters, clarifying how a researcher's choice of mediums might amplify the voices of certain legislators and dampen those of others. In addition, they provide guidance to other researchers on how to select the medium(s) that best correspond with different research aims.
Do winners spread more words? Factional competition and local media reports on corruption investigation in China
Authors: Hong Ji Yeon , Yang Leo Y. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper explores how factional competition shapes local media's coverage of negative political news. Employing news reports that appeared in Chinese national and local newspapers (2000–2014) coupled with data on the networks of elites, we find that local bureaucrats connected to strong national leaders tend to criticize members of weaker factions in politically damaging news reports. These adverse reports indeed harm the promotion prospects of the province leaders reported on in the articles, weakening the already weak factions and expanding the relative power of the strong factions. Our findings suggest that the loyalty-based competitive behaviors of political elites further tilt an already uneven playing field across political factions and facilitate power concentration in China.
STABLE ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS AND RADIOCARBON DATING OF MICROPOGONIAS FURNIERI OTOLITHS (SCIAENIDAE) FROM SOUTHEASTERN BRAZILIAN COAST: SEASONAL PALAEOENVIRONMENTAL INSIGHT
Authors: Samor Lopes Mariana , Dufour Elise , Sabadini-Santos Elisamara , Gaspar Maria Dulce , Macario Kita , Neto Bruna da Silva Mota , Tombret Olivier , Fiorillo Denis , Lemoine Michel , Pessoa Leandro Amaro , Grouard Sandrine , Aguilera Orangel 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTIsotopic analysis of Micropogonias furnieri otoliths were used to get insight into palaeoceanographic conditions in the Guanabara Bay and Saquarema Lagoon, Rio de Janeiro state (RJ), located on the southeastern coast of Brazil, under upwelling influence of the Cabo Frio system. Archaeological otoliths come from two Holocene shellmounds (or sambaquis): Galeão and Beirada. For the first time, radiocarbon analysis using high accuracy techniques were performed at Galeão. Age range was determined to be between 5820 and 4980 cal BP, which extends the chronology of human settlement in the Guanabara Bay. Micro-samples of the otoliths were collected sequentially from the core to the edge, to provide continuous δ18O and δ13C isotopic profiles over the lifetime of the individual fish. Derived-δ18Ooto palaeotemperature estimates vary according to seasonality, resulting in a palaeoceanographic variation between 8 to 31°C for Guanabara Bay and 8 and 28°C for the Saquarema Lagoon. Our data indicate that whitemouth croakers were captured during the Middle Holocene from the Guanabara Bay and Saguarema Lagoon and resided in cooler temperatures compared to temperatures of current conditions.
Partisanship and Racial Attitudes in U.S. Civil War Enlistment
Authors: Ramanathan Kumar , Kalmoe Nathan P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this article, we investigate why millions of northern white men volunteered to fight in the Civil War. Prior studies have found that Republican partisanship played a significant role in boosting Union enlistment but do not test the competing hypothesis that views about slavery and race motivated them instead. Such views were highly salient among party elites before and during the war, which was sparked by a presidential election between parties divided over the expansion of Black enslavement. However, among the white mass public, we argue that partisanship rather than race-related attitudes explains patterns of war mobilization. Linking Union war participation records with election returns, we show that county-level war participation is better explained by Republican partisanship rather than views about the status of Black Americans (as measured by support for equal suffrage referenda and the Free Soil party). Analyzing a sample of partisan newspaper issues, we further show that Republican elites de-emphasized slavery as they sought to mobilize mass war participation while antiwar Democrats emphasized antiabolition and white supremacy, suggesting each party’s elites saw antislavery messaging as ineffective or even detrimental in mobilizing mass enlistment. This analysis offers additional evidence on the power of partisanship in producing mass violence and sheds more light on political behavior during a critical period in the history of U.S. racial politics.
XENOPHON'SHYBRIS: LEADERSHIP, VIOLENCE AND THE NORMATIVE USE OF SHAME INANABASIS5.8
Authors: Zaccarini Matteo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThrough a detailed analysis of Xenophon's defence against a charge forhybrisamong the Ten Thousand, this paper discusses violence, reputation and hierarchy in Greek military and social contexts. Contrary to other recent treatments of the episode, the study highlights the centrality of honour/shame dynamics and of desert in establishing and upholding social order, showing that these notions are found consistently in numerous examples as early as Homer. Addressing the apparent lack of strict discipline in Greek armies, the paper concludes that shame and peer pressure had a strong normative power in acknowledging and reconciling personal claims and common interests within a group.
Totally endoscopic cartilage tympanoplasty: a hierarchical task analysis
Authors: Fahy R , Corbett M , Crotty T , Chadwick L , Keogh I 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTotally endoscopic ear surgery is a novel method of conducting otological surgery. Hierarchical task analysis and the systematic human error reduction and prediction approach (‘SHERPA’) are valuable tools that can effectively deconstruct the technical and non-technical skills required to successfully complete a surgical procedure.MethodsTwenty-five endoscopic tragal cartilage tympanoplasties were observed, to identify the tasks and subtasks required for completion of totally endoscopic tragal cartilage tympanoplasty. The systematic human error reduction and prediction approach was used to identify the potential risks and methods, to reduce or remediate these risks.ResultsA hierarchical task analysis was performed, identifying 8 tasks and 50 subtasks for a safe approach to completing totally endoscopic tragal cartilage tympanoplasty. A risk score for each subtask was calculated to produce a systematic human error reduction and prediction approach and to highlight potential errors.ConclusionThis hierarchical task analysis allowed for quick reference to a correct method of endoscopic tympanoplasty. The systematic human error reduction and prediction approach was employed to reduce the risks associated with undergoing endoscopic tympanoplasty, to improve patient safety.
Comparison of sentinel lymph node biopsy and elective neck dissection for early oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients with clinically node-negative necks: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kang Y J , Kang M J , Ahn H S , Hwang S H 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the prognostic utility of sentinel node biopsy and elective neck dissection in early stage clinically node-negative oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients.MethodPubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to March 2022. Hazard ratios, Kaplan–Meier curves, p-values and survival outcomes were extracted.ResultsTwelve studies involving 10 583 patients were included. No significant differences in overall survival between sentinel node biopsy and elective neck dissection groups were found. Heterogeneity was not detected in pooled overall survival, disease-free survival and disease-specific survival analyses (all I2 less than 50). In subgroup analyses by follow-up period, sentinel node biopsy and elective neck dissection had similar prognostic value.ConclusionSentinel node biopsy might be a valuable alternative to elective neck dissection for the management of early stage clinically node-negative oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.
Investigating the impact of volunteering with Melody Music Birmingham on the professional development and career pathways of Royal Birmingham Conservatoire students
Authors: Pickard Beth , Rushton Rosie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article evaluates the impact of volunteering with a music education project for children and adults with learning disabilities on the professional development and career trajectory of music students at a Conservatoire in the United Kingdom. A mixed-methods online questionnaire captured the impact of volunteering with Melody Music Birmingham. Findings suggest that volunteering was a powerful aspect of the respondents’ learning, potentially influencing their career choices, perceptions and attitudes. Further training and experiences for Conservatoire students in engaging with, supporting, and delivering music-making for people with learning disabilities are recommended.