bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dopaminergic neurons dynamically update sensory values during navigation
Authors: Kato Ayaka , Ohta Kazumi , Okanoya Kazuo , Kazama Hokto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUpdating the value of sensory cues through experiences is a critical element of adaptive behavior. Although dopaminergic neurons (DANs) achieve this by driving associative learning, whether they contribute to assessment of sensory values outside the context of association remains largely unexplored. Here we show in Drosophila that DANs in the mushroom body encode the innate value of odors and constantly update the current value by inducing plasticity during olfactory navigation. Simulation of neuronal activity in a network based on the connectome data reproduced the characteristics of DAN responses, proposing a concrete circuit mechanism for computation. Notably, odors alone induced value- and dopamine-dependent changes in the activity of mushroom body output neurons, which store the current value of odors, as well as the behavior of flies steering in a virtual environment. Thus, the DAN circuit known for discrete, associative learning also continuously updates odor values during navigation in a non-associative manner.
Natural variations within the glycan shield of SARS-CoV-2 impact viral spike dynamics
Authors: Newby Maddy L. , Fogarty Carl A. , Allen Joel D. , Butler John , Fadda Elisa , Crispin Max 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants alters the efficacy of existing immunity, whether arisen naturally or through vaccination. Understanding the structure of the viral spike assists in determining the impact of mutations on the antigenic surface. One class of mutation impacts glycosylation attachment sites, which have the capacity to influence the antigenic structure beyond the immediate site of attachment. Here, we compare the glycosylation of a recombinant viral spike mimetic of the P.1 (Gamma) strain, which exhibits two additional N-linked glycan sites compared to the equivalent mimetic of the Wuhan strain. We determine the site-specific glycosylation of these variants and investigate the impact of these glycans by molecular dynamics. The N188 site is shown to exhibit very limited glycan maturation, consistent with limited enzyme accessibility. Structural modeling and molecular dynamics reveal that N188 is located within a cavity by the receptor binding domain, which influences the dynamics of these attachment domains. These observations suggest a mechanism whereby mutations affecting viral glycosylation sites have a structural impact across the antigenic surface.
MSH2 and MSH6 as size dependent cellular determinants for prime editing in human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Park Ju-Chan , Kim Yunjeong , Han Jun Hee , Kim Dayeon , Kim Jumee , Jang Hyeon-Ki , Bae Sangsu , Cha Hyuk-Jin 
Published: August 2022

SummaryPotential applications of precise genome editing in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), not only for isogenic disease modeling but also for ex vivo stem cell therapy, have urged the application of diverse genome editing tools in hPSCs. However, unlike differentiated somatic cells, the unique cellular properties of hPSCs (e.g., high susceptibility to DNA damage and active DNA repair) largely determine the overall efficiency of editing tools. Considering high demand of prime editors (PE), mostly due to its broad editing coverage compared to base editors, it is important to characterize the key molecular determinants of PE efficiency in hPSCs. Herein, we showed that MSH2 and MSH6, two main components of the MutSα complex of mismatch repair (MMR), are highly expressed in hPSCs and determine PE efficiency in an ‘editing size’-dependent manner. Importantly, loss of MSH2, which disrupts both MutSα and MutSβ complexes, was found to dramatically improve the efficiency of PE from one base to 10 bases, up to 50 folds. In contrast, genetic perturbation of MSH6, which solely abrogates MutSα activity, marginally improved the editing efficiency up to 3 base pairs. The size dependent effect of MSH2 or MSH6 on prime editing in hPSCs not only implies MMR is a major determinant of PE efficiency in hPSCs but also highlights the distinct roles of MutSα and MutSβ in the outcome of genome editing.
An examination of the divergent spatiotemporal signaling of GLP-1R versus GIPR in pancreatic beta cells
Authors: Manchanda Yusman , Bitsi Stavroula , Chen Shiqian , Broichhagen Johannes , de la Serna Jorge Bernardino , Jones Ben , Tomas Alejandra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe incretin receptors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), are class B GPCRs and prime therapeutic targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. They are expressed in pancreatic beta cells where they potentiate insulin release in response to food intake. Despite GIP being the main incretin in healthy individuals, GLP-1R has been favoured versus GIPR as a therapeutic target due to GIPR responses being blunted in T2D patients and the conflicting effects of GIPR agonists and antagonists in improving glucose tolerance and preventing weight gain. There is, however, a recently renewed interest in GIPR biology following the realisation that GIPR responses can be restored after an initial period of blood glucose normalization and the recent development of dual GLP-1R-GIPR agonists with superior capacity for the control of blood glucose levels and weight. The importance of GLP-1R trafficking and subcellular signaling in the control of receptor outputs is well established, but little is known about the pattern of spatiotemporal signaling from the GIPR in beta cells. Here we have directly compared the main trafficking and signaling characteristics of both receptors in pancreatic beta cells, finding striking differences in their propensities for internalization, recycling, and degradation, as well as plasma membrane versus endosomal activity, with potential implications for receptor-specific control of beta cell function.
Enhanced neutralization potency of an identical HIV neutralizing antibody expressed as different isotypes is achieved through genetically distinct mechanisms
Authors: Moyo-Gwete Thandeka , Scheepers Cathrine , Makhado Zanele , Kgagudi Prudence , Mzindle Nonkululeko B. , Ziki Rutendo , Madzorera Sharon , Manamela Nelia P. , Ayres Frances , Lambson Bronwen E. , Richardson Simone I. , Morris Lynn , Moore Penny L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAntibodies with the same variable region can exist as multiple isotypes with varying neutralization potencies, though the mechanism for this is not fully defined. We previously isolated an HIV-directed IgA1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), CAP88-CH06, and showed that IgA1 and IgG3 isotypes of this antibody demonstrated enhanced neutralization compared to IgG1. To explore the mechanism behind this, hinge region and constant heavy chain (CH1) chimeras were constructed between the IgA1, IgG3 and IgG1 mAbs and assessed for neutralization activity, antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Hinge chimeras revealed that the increased neutralization potency and phagocytosis of the IgG3 isotype was attributed to its longer hinge region. In contrast, for IgA1, CH1 chimeras showed that this region was responsible both for enhanced neutralization potency and decreased ADCP, though ADCC was not affected. Overall, these data show that the enhanced neutralization potency of CAP88-CH06 IgG3 and IgA1, compared to IgG1, is achieved through distinct mechanisms. Understanding the influence of the hinge and CH1 regions on Fab domain function may provide insights into the engineering of therapeutic antibodies with increased neutralization potency.
Upgraded imaging capabilities at the BAMline (BESSY II)
Authors: Markötter H. , Sintschuk M. , Britzke R. , Dayani S. , Bruno G. 
Published: August 2022

The BAMline at the BESSY II synchrotron X-ray source has enabled research for more than 20 years in widely spread research fields such as materials science, biology, cultural heritage and medicine. As a nondestructive characterization method, synchrotron X-ray imaging, especially tomography, plays a particularly important role in structural characterization. A recent upgrade of key equipment of the BAMline widens its imaging capabilities: shorter scan acquisition times are now possible, in situ and operando studies can now be routinely performed, and different energy spectra can easily be set up. In fact, the upgraded double-multilayer monochromator brings full flexibility by yielding different energy spectra to optimize flux and energy resolution as desired. The upgraded detector (based on an sCMOS camera) also allows exploiting the higher flux with reduced readout times. Furthermore, an installed slip ring allows the sample stage to continuously rotate. The latter feature enables tomographic observation of processes occurring in the time scale of a few seconds.
Political connections, business strategy and tax aggressiveness: evidence from China
Authors: Fan Hong , Chen Liqiang 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of political connections on the association between firms' business strategy and their tax aggressiveness in an emerging economy such as China.Design/methodology/approachThe authors study a large sample of Chinese public firms from 2011 to 2017 using a panel regression model. In addition, a change analysis, an instrument variable test and alternative measures/samples are implemented as robustness tests.FindingsFirms adopting innovative business strategy are more tax aggressive overall. However, innovative firms with political connections are less tax aggressive compared to those without political connections.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the understanding of firms' tax behaviors in an emerging economy setting. It suggests that there are costs associated with political connections, such as foregone tax saving opportunities, which are understudies in the prior literature.
Linking empowering leadership with workplace proactivity: the mediating role of psychological safety and knowledge sharing
Authors: Singh Abhishek 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis study aims to explore the association between empowering leadership and workplace proactivity.Design/methodology/approachThe data have been collected through questionnaires from both the medical and non-medical staff members working in four National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare (NABH)–accredited private hospitals in India. Confirmatory factor analysis has employed test reliability and validity and PROCESS MACRO (model 6) to test the proposed serial mediation model.FindingsThe results support the proposed hypotheses of the serial mediation model. Additionally, the authors have also found that psychological safety is a strong mediating variable than knowledge sharing between empowering leadership and workplace proactivity.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings should be interpreted by considering the cross-sectional research design and self-reported measures.Practical implicationsAn organization can use the findings to promote employee proactivity at the workplace.Originality/valueThe study makes an attempt to explore the underdeveloped relationship between empowering leadership and workplace proactivity in the context of Indian NABH-accredited hospitals based on the self-determination theory.
Estimating mechanical and dynamic properties of rubberized concrete using machine learning techniques: a comprehensive study
Authors: Habib Ahed , Yildirim Umut 
Published: August 2022

PurposeCurrently, many experimental studies on the properties and behavior of rubberized concrete are available in the literature. These findings have motivated scholars to propose models for estimating some properties of rubberized concrete using traditional and advanced techniques. However, with the advancement of computational techniques and new estimation models, selecting a model that best estimates concrete's property is becoming challenging.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, over 1,000 different experimental findings were obtained from the literature and used to investigate the capabilities of ten different machine learning algorithms in modeling the hardened density, compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths, static and dynamic moduli, and damping ratio of rubberized concrete through adopting three different prediction approaches with respect to the inputs of the model.FindingsIn general, the study's findings have shown that XGBoosting and FFBP models result in the best performances compared to other techniques.Originality/valuePrevious studies have focused on the compressive strength of rubberized concrete as the main parameter to be estimated and rarely went into other characteristics of the material. In this study, the capabilities of different machine learning algorithms in predicting the properties of rubberized concrete were investigated and compared. Additionally, most of the studies adopted the direct estimation approach in which the concrete constituent materials are used as inputs to the prediction model. In contrast, this study evaluates three different prediction approaches based on the input parameters used, referred to as direct, generalized, and nondestructive methods.
Factors affecting the performance of construction industry during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study in Turkey
Authors: Gumusburun Ayalp Gulden , Çivici Tülay 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe construction industry is a crucial industry for national development worldwide. Because the construction industry is tied to national and international economic activities, the COVID-19 outbreak has limited construction projects. Therefore, this study investigates the most influential factors regarding COVID-19 and their effects on the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachThe potential impacts of COVID-19 on the construction industry were identified through a realistic literature review and interviews with professionals. A questionnaire was distributed via e-mail to architects, civil engineers and contractors who play vital roles during the construction processes. The data were analysed using SPSS 22 and LISREL 8.7 software to quantify the most influential pandemic-related factors faced by the construction industry.FindingsTen influential pandemic factors affecting the construction industry in Turkey were identified. Among them, “increased costs and price escalations due to shortage of raw materials and supply chain disruption” and “challenges with payment and cash flows” were determined as the most influential pandemic factors.Research limitations/implicationsThis research aims to advance comprehension of pandemic impacts and contributes an incipient assessment framework based on 10 determined pandemic factors. Therefore, contractors, architects and civil engineers may analyse their weaknesses and organise precise priorities so that their firms may remain competitive, thus minimising the adverse impact of COVID-19 and possible forthcoming waves.Originality/valueFew studies have identified the effect of pandemics on the construction industry qualitatively, forcing management to make projections to the current situation. Moreover, no study has provided insights into the influential factors of pandemics using quantitative methods. Therefore, this study comprehensively and quantitatively determines the relevant COVID-19 pandemic factors using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and utilises confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling to present a structural model of how pandemic factors affect the Turkish construction industry.
Investigation of requisite measures for enhancing sustainable construction practices in Indonesia
Authors: Fitriani Heni , Ajayi Saheed 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis study investigates the requisite measures for enhancing sustainability practices within the Indonesian construction industry based on professional perspectives.Design/methodology/approachThis study used quantitative approach for data collection. A survey was conducted, using a questionnaire completed by 482 Indonesian construction professionals as a research instrument, and data were analyzed through reliability and exploratory factor analysis.FindingsThe findings suggest that for sustainability practices to become widely implemented within the Indonesian construction industry, certain measures are required. These include the need to raise awareness through education, development of standardized benchmarks, and the implementation of appraisal systems by the government, professional bodies, and academic institutions. These approaches are expected to build capacity and enhance the knowledge of sustainability among construction professionals and their clients. In addition, sustainable construction practices could be encouraged through a subsidized green market, which could be finalized supported by the government from financial penalties levied against non-sustainable practices.Originality/valueBy implementing the underlying strategies within the Indonesian construction industry, the poor knowledge, awareness, implementation, and motivation for sustainable practices within the Indonesian construction industry could be addressed, thereby reducing the environmental impacts associated with buildings and construction activities.
Ordeal or opportunity: IDPS journey through COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dimple Dimple , Nirmal Deepak Datta , Kumar Manoj , Puri Veerma 
Published: August 2022

Learning outcomes
This case enables students to understand the nature of a typical crisis and manage a crisis drawing insights from the protagonist handling of the crisis and from the various crisis management models in the literature. The rich description of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the world in this case enables students to understand the nature of a typical external crisis. The critical appraisal of the protagonist’s plans and actions to overcome the crisis enables students to appreciate the various crisis management frameworks or models. In addition, students get perspectives about the leadership skills and competencies required during a crisis. In this way, students will not only learn about the theoretical concepts related to the crisis but also the practical know-how to effectively handle the crisis.

Case overview/synopsis
This case study describes the functioning of the International Delhi Public School (IDPS) Akhnoor, Jammu, and Kashmir, India, through the COVID-19 global crisis. The IDPS academic operations were disrupted because of the COVID-19 global crisis in March 2020. The protagonist, KCS Mehta, the school principal of IDPS, faced with the crisis, takes various steps to ensure the smooth transition of school’s academic operations from the physical mode to the online mode. This case explains the nature of an external crisis that completely crippled the organization’s day-to-day operations and how the organization’s leader tried to manage the crisis to revitalize the organization’s operations. The case can be used for teaching of alternate Models of Crisis Management and Change Management.

Complexity academic level
The case is developed to teach the courses of Executive training programs and MBA programs in business schools.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
An empirical examination of AIS success at the organizational level in the era of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Al-Hattami Hamood Mohammed , Senan Nabil Ahmed Mareai , Al-Hakimi Mohammed A. , Azharuddin Syed 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This study aims to empirically examine accounting information system (AIS) success at the organizational level during COVID-19 era.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the information system success model, this paper developed its model and proposed a total of nine hypotheses. This paper gathered the required data via a questionnaire from Yemeni small and medium enterprises (SMEs) owners and managers. To test the proposed research model paths, SmartPLS software, which is known as partial least squares structural equation modeling, was used.

Findings
The results showed that the quality dimensions (information quality and system quality) positively affected the use of AIS and satisfaction; user satisfaction positively affected the use of AIS. Management support positively affected the AIS users' usage and satisfaction. Finally, the use dimensions (user satisfaction and usage) positively impacted the net benefits in terms of gaining a competitive advantage, productivity enhancement and saving time and cost. In all, this research has succeeded in providing support for DeLone and McLean's IS success model at the organizational level during the COVID-19 era.

Practical implications
AIS is becoming increasingly important for SMEs in low-income countries like Yemen, particularly in the present pandemic conditions (COVID-19 era). By using AIS, users can access the enterprise's data and conduct transactions without being limited by distance. Indeed, AIS proved its ability in enhancing the net benefits at the organizational level in the COVID-19 era in terms of gaining a competitive advantage, productivity enhancement and saving time and cost. However, AIS can only be considered useful to the enterprise if it is effective/successful.

Originality/value
This study is one of the first to have assessed the impact of AIS success at the organizational level in the era of COVID-19 pandemic, the context of Yemeni SMEs.
Understanding technostress and employee well-being in digital work: the roles of work exhaustion and workplace knowledge diversity
Authors: Wang Huatian , Ding Hua , Kong Xiansui 
Published: August 2022

PurposeTechnostress is becoming one of the main challenges among employees in the increasingly digital work context. Following the job demands-resources (JD-R) theory, this study aims to understand how technostress (e.g. techno-overload, techno-complexity, techno-insecurity and techno-uncertainty) decreases employees’ work well-being through exhausting one’s emotional and physical resources (i.e. work exhaustion), and to what extent workplace knowledge diversity could buffer this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected three-wave data of 235 employees from three manufacturing companies in China. They conducted a moderated mediation model to test their hypotheses.FindingsThe results showed that work exhaustion mediated the relationship between technostress and employee work well-being and that perceived workplace knowledge diversity buffered this indirect effect.Originality/valueThis study might be one of the first attempts using the JD-R theory together with a three-wave longitudinal survey design to empirically examine the mediating role of work exhaustion and the moderating role of workplace knowledge diversity. The authors contribute to the information and technology management literature by underscoring the importance of being aware of technostress and managing technology-induced work exhaustion. They highlight that a knowledge-diverse work environment is an essential context that can help employees to handle difficult and complex tasks presented by various technologies and alleviate experienced technostress.