bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of curcumin on hepatic fat content in individuals with obesity
Authors: Hellmann Pernille H. , Bagger Jonatan I. , Carlander Katrine R. , Forman Julie , Chabanova Elizaveta , Svenningsen Jens S. , Holst Jens J. , Gillum Matthew P. , Vilsbøll Tina , Knop Filip K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of curcumin treatment on hepatic fat content in obese individuals.Materials and MethodsIn a double‐blind, parallel‐group trial, 37 obese, non‐diabetic individuals were randomized to placebo or curcumin treatment for 6 weeks. Curcumin was dosed as lecithin‐formulated tablet; 200 mg twice daily. The primary endpoint was hepatic fat content as assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Other endpoints included anthropometric measurements, hepatic biomarkers including FibroScan measurements, metabolic variables, inflammation markers, appetite measures andad libitumfood intake.ResultsBaseline characteristics (mean ± SD) were age 46 ± 14 years, hepatic fat content 12.2% ± 8.8% points, body mass index 38.8 ± 6.1 kg/m2and waist circumference 125.8 ± 12.3 cm. After 6 weeks of treatment with curcumin, hepatic fat content was changed by −0.86% points (95% CI −3.65; 1.94) compared with 0.71% points (95% CI − 2.08; 3.51) with placebo, thus resulting in a non‐significant estimated treatment difference of −1.57% points (95% CI −5.36; 2.22,P = .412). Compared with placebo, curcumin treatment caused small reductions in fasting plasma glucose (estimated treatment difference [ETD] − 0.24 mmol/L [95% CI −0.45; −0.03]), triglycerides (ETD [percentage change] −20.22% [95% CI −33.21; −6.03]) and gamma glutamyltransferase (ETD [percentage change] −15.70% [95% CI −23.32; −7.32]), but except for gamma glutamyltransferase, none of these differences remained statistically significant after adjusting for multiple testing. Treatment was well tolerated.ConclusionsCompared with placebo, curcumin treatment for 6 weeks had no significant effect on MRS‐assessed hepatic fat content in obese individuals with primarily mild steatosis. Curcumin was well tolerated.
Epileptic spasms are associated with increased stereo‐electroencephalography derived functional connectivity in tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Neal Andrew , Bouet Romain , Lagarde Stanislas , Ostrowsky‐Coste Karine , Maillard Louis , Kahane Philippe , Touraine Renaud , Catenoix Helene , Montavont Alexandra , Isnard Jean , Arzimanoglou Alexis , Hermier Marc , Guenot Marc , Bartolomei Fabrice , Rheims Sylvain , Jung Julien 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveEpileptic spasms (ES) are common in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). However, the underlying network alterations and relationship with epileptogenic tubers are poorly understood. We examined interictal functional connectivity (FC) using stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG) in patients with TSC to investigate the relationship between tubers, epileptogenicity, and ES.MethodsWe analyzed 18 patients with TSC who underwent SEEG (mean age = 11.5 years). The dominant tuber (DT) was defined as the most epileptogenic tuber using the epileptogenicity index. Epileptogenic zone (EZ) organization was quantitatively separated into focal (isolated DT) and complex (all other patterns). Using a 20‐min interictal recording, FC was estimated with nonlinear regression, h2. We calculated (1) intrazone FC within all sampled tubers and normal‐appearing cortical zones, respectively; and (2) interzone FC involving connections between DT, other tubers, and normal cortex. The relationship between FC and (1) presence of ES as a current seizure type at the time of SEEG, (2) EZ organization, and (3) epileptogenicity was analyzed using a mixed generalized linear model. Spike rate and distance between zones were considered in the model as covariates.ResultsSix patients had ES as a current seizure type at time of SEEG. ES patients had a greater number of tubers with a fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery hypointense center (p < .001), and none had TSC1 mutations. The presence of ES was independently associated with increased FC within both intrazone (p = .033) and interzone (p = .011) networks. Post hoc analyses identified that increased FC was associated with ES across tuber and nontuber networks. EZ organization and epileptogenicity biomarkers were not associated with FC.SignificanceIncreased cortical synchrony among both tuber and nontuber networks is characteristic of patients with ES and independent of both EZ organization and tuber epileptogenicity. This further supports the prospect of FC biomarkers aiding treatment paradigms in TSC.
Linear pricing game based power control with resource allocation and interference management in device‐to‐device communication for IoT applications
Authors: Pandey Krishna , Arya Rajeev 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDevice‐to‐Device (D2D) communication is one of the leading technologies which works under the aegis of fifth generation (5G) communication for the Internet of Things in Healthcare. In D2D communication, power control with resource allocation is the most challenging area for the research to make them suitable for IoT devices. In the present work, power control with resource allocation is done by using the Linear pricing game power allocation method. First, a mathematical min‐function based problem is proposed whilst taking the interference, data rate and minimum power requirement as a constraint to ensure the resource and power allocation. In the next phase, a linear pricing game (LPG) method is utilized to propose the LPG power control with resource allocation (L‐PaRAG). Mathematical analysis and theorem ensure the minimum cost function with global stability for an optimal solution of the proposed problem. Numerical analysis and results show that the proposed algorithm gives the best results for power control and resource management whilst managing the interference to maintain the quality of services (QoS) in D2D communication. Optimized power can be utilized for the communication between the base station and D2D users, especially, during disaster management.
Infants who experience more adult‐initiated conversations have better expressive language in toddlerhood
Authors: Salo Virginia C. , King Lucy S. , Gotlib Ian H. , Humphreys Kathryn L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo understand how infants become engaged in conversations with their caregivers, we examined who tends to initiate conversations between adults and infants, differences between the features of infant‐ and adult‐initiated conversations, and whether individual differences in how much infants engage in infant‐ or adult‐initiated conversations uniquely predict later language development. We analyzed naturalistic adult–infant conversations captured via passive recording of the daily environment in two samples of 6‐month‐old infants. In Study 1, we found that at age 6 months, infants typically engage in more adult‐ than infant‐initiated conversations and that adult‐initiated conversations are, on average, longer and contain more adult words. In Study 2, we replicated these findings and, further, found that infants who engaged in more adult‐initiated conversations in infancy had better expressive language at age 18 months. This association remained significant when accounting for the number of infant‐initiated conversations at 6 months. Our findings indicate that early interactions with caregivers can have a lasting impact on children's language development, and that the extent to which parents initiate interactions with their infants may be particularly important.
Negotiating the Art of Protest through Craftivism
Authors: Sanders‐Bustle Lynn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAt a time of seemingly endless political and social unrest across the globe, many are reacting strongly to injustices and oppression through protest and other forms of resistance. Key among efforts are the ways that art can be used as a form of activism as is expressed through craftivism or the merging of art and craft. Often associated with domestic and feminist materials, proponents claim that craftivism offers an alternative to more demonstrative forms of protest yet critics claim it to be a mostly white, global north form of activism that lacks inclusivity. This article explores the perspectives of university undergraduates enrolled in an introductory craftivism course to understand how their exploration of craftivism, contributed to or challenged their understanding of protest and activism. In this interpretive inquiry, the researcher examines student's written artefacts and research fieldnotes. Findings suggest that the students gained a greater understanding of their beliefs about protest and the nuances and relational intricacies associated with protest, resistance and social action. They also recognised that acts of resistance, fall along a spectrum of negotiations across varying intentions and can fall short of arresting, dismantling and eradicating injustices and if not carefully implemented can even marginalise or disregard the intentions and ideas of others.
Structural violence: An evolutionary concept analysis
Authors: Jackson Brianna , Sadler Lois S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsTo enhance conceptual clarity and interdisciplinary understanding of structural violence, and to illuminate its implications for contemporary social justice and health equity research, by: (1) synthesizing scholarly literature pertaining to structural violence and health; (2) defining its key attributes, antecedents, consequences and characteristics; (3) contextually situating this phenomenon over time and across disciplines.DesignA comprehensive review of scholarly health literature pertaining to ‘structural violence’ or its surrogate term ‘structural determinants of health’ was guided by a Research and Education Librarian.Data SourcesIn November 2019 and again in April 2021, CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus electronic databases were searched for peer‐reviewed articles that described structural violence in the context of health. Of the 238 unique records identified, 32 articles were selected for inclusion and comprise the review sample.Review MethodsUsing Beth Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis method, articles were comparatively analysed to identify key attributes, antecedents and consequences associated with the concept's use in health research.ResultsThe five interrelated attributes characterizing structural violence are: power, marginality, oppression, adversity and trauma. Hegemonic social, cultural, economic and political systems serve as antecedents, whilst the consequences of structural violence can be broadly classified as health inequity, injustice and indignity, and social disorganization.ConclusionThis analysis contributes to conceptual clarity and mutual understanding of the usage, application and significance of structural violence across health disciplines and provides a strong foundation for continued concept development and operationalization. Further research is needed to substantiate the relationship between structural violence and health inequity.
Should Autonomous Weapons Need a Reason to Kill?
Authors: Young Garry 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTPurves et al. argue against deploying automated weapons because they fail to act for the right reason. Given that soldiers do not necessarily act in an ideal way, I argue that it is morally preferable to deploy autonomous weapons that are incapable of acting for the wrong reason over combatants that are likely (although not guaranteed) to act for the right reason (i.e. regular troops). Preference for regular troops based solely on reasons for acting is justified only in the case of an ideal conception of these troops. This claim is, however, vulnerable to an additional argument favouring the deployment of autonomous weapons as a means of preserving human life. The possibility that the behaviour of autonomous weapons is a direct expression of the reasons given by their human commanders for their deployment is also considered, but rejected as a suitable reason to favour deploying regular or even ideal troops over autonomous weapons, for reasons discussed.
Consequences of incorrect genetic parameter estimates for single‐trait and multi‐trait genetic evaluations in honeybees
Authors: Du Manuel , Bernstein Richard , Hoppe Andreas , Bienefeld Kaspar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGenetic and residual variances of traits are important input parameters for best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) breeding value estimation. In honeybees, estimates of these variances are often associated with large standard errors, entailing a risk to perform genetic evaluations under wrong premises. The consequences hereof have not been sufficiently studied. In particular, there are no adequate investigations on this topic accounting for multi‐trait selection or genetic peculiarities of the honeybee. We performed simulation studies and explored the consequences of selection for honeybee populations with a broad range of true and assumed genetic parameters. We found that in single‐trait evaluations, the response to selection was barely compromised by assuming erroneous parameters, so that reductions in genetic progress after 20 years never exceeded 21%. Phenotypic selection appeared inferior to BLUP selection, particularly under low heritabilities. Parameter choices for genetic evaluation had great effects on inbreeding development. By wrongly assuming high heritabilities, inbreeding rates were reduced by up to 74%. When parallel selection was performed for two traits, the right choice of genetic parameters appeared considerably more crucial as several incorrect premises yielded inadvertent negative selection for one of the traits. This phenomenon occurred in multiple constellations in which the selection traits expressed a negative genetic correlation. It was not reflected in the estimated breeding values. Our results indicate that breeding efforts heavily rely on detailed knowledge on genetic parameters, particularly when multi‐trait selection is performed. Thus, considerable effort should be invested into precise parameter estimations.
Coronary sinus electrogram characteristics predict termination of AF with ablation and long‐term clinical outcome
Authors: Honarbakhsh Shohreh , Schilling Richard J. , Keating Emily , Finlay Malcolm , Hunter Ross J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionMarkers predicting atrial fibrillation (AF) termination and freedom from AF/atrial tachycardia (AT) has been proposed. This study aimed to evaluate the role of novel coronary sinus (CS) electrogram characteristics in predicting the acute ablation response and freedom from AF/AT during follow‐up.MethodsPatients undergoing ablation for persistent AF as part of the Stochastic Trajectory Analysis of Ranked signals mapping study were included. Novel CS electrogram characteristics including CS cycle length variability (CLV) and CS activation pattern stability (APS) and proportion of low voltage zones (LVZs) were reviewed as potential predictors for AF termination on ablation and freedom from AF/AT during follow‐up. The relationship between localized driver characteristics and CS electrogram characteristics was also assessed.ResultsSixty‐five patients were included. AF termination was achieved in 51 patients and 80% of patients were free from AF/AT during a follow‐up of 29.5 ± 3.7 months. CS CLV of <30 ms, CS APS of ≥30% and proportion of LVZ < 30% showed high diagnostic accuracy in predicting AF termination on ablation and freedom from AF/AT during follow‐up (CS CLV odds ratio [OR] 25.6, area under the curve [AUC] 0.91; CS APS OR 15.9, AUC 0.94; proportion of LVZs OR 21.4, AUC 0.88). These markers were independent predictors of AF termination on ablation and AF/AT recurrence during follow‐up. Ablation of a smaller number of drivers that demonstrate greater dominance strongly correlate with greater CS organization.ConclusionNovel CS electrogram characteristics were independent predictors of AF termination and AF/AT recurrence during follow‐up. These markers can potentially aid in predicting outcomes and guide ablation and follow‐up strategies.
Lysine‐specific demethylase 1 aggravated oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by renal ischemia and reperfusion injury through activation of TLR4/NOX4 pathway in mice
Authors: Feng Ruikang , Xiong Yufeng , Lei Yourong , Huang Qin , Liu Hao , Zhao Xiaojie , Chen Zhiyuan , Chen Hui , Liu Xiuheng , Wang Lei , Weng Xiaodong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is mainly caused by renal ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI). Lots of evidence suggests that ferroptosis and oxidative stress play the vital role in renal IRI. However, the specific mechanism of renal IRI has not been fully elucidated. lysine‐specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been shown to regulate the pathogenesis of kidney disease. In this study, we firstly found that LSD1 was positively related to renal IRI. TCP, a classical LSD1 inhibitor, could alleviate tissue damage induced by renal IRI. Inhibition of LSD1 with either TCP or LSD1 knockdown could alleviate ferroptosis and oxidative stress caused by IRI both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the results showed that suppression of LSD1 decreased the expression of TLR4/NOX4 pathway in HK‐2 cells subjected to H/R. With the si‐RNA against TLR4 or NOX4, it showed that the silence of TLR4/NOX4 reduced oxidative stress and ferroptosis in vitro. Moreover, to demonstrate the crucial role of TLR4/NOX4, TLR4 reduction, mediated by inhibition of LSD1, was compensated through delivering the adenovirus carrying TLR4 in vitro. The results showed that the compensation of TLR4 blunted the alleviation of oxidative stress and ferroptosis, induced by LSD1 inhibition. Further study showed that LSD1 activates TLR4/NOX4 pathway by reducing the enrichment of H3K9me2 in the TLR4 promoter region. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that LSD1 inhibition blocked ferroptosis and oxidative stress caused by renal IRI through the TLR4/NOX4 pathway, indicating that LSD1 could be a potential therapeutic target for renal IRI.
Benzodiazepine and antipsychotic use among hospitalized older adults before versus after restricting visitation: March to May 2020
Authors: Brown Rebecca T. , Shultz Kaitlyn , Karlawish Jason , Zhou Yi , Xie Dawei , Ryskina Kira L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHospital visitation restrictions during the COVID‐19 pandemic prompted concerns about unintended consequences for older patients, including an increased incidence of delirium and agitation. While first‐line interventions for these conditions are non‐pharmacologic, a lack of family support could result in increased use of benzodiazepines and antipsychotics, which are associated with poor outcomes in older adults. Little is known about the association of visitation policies with use of these medications among older adults.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross‐sectional study among adults aged ≥65 hospitalized from March 1 through May 31, 2020 at four hospitals in the Mid‐Atlantic. The dates of onset of visitation restrictions (i.e., hospital‐wide guidelines barring visitors) were collected from hospital administrators. Outcomes were use of benzodiazepines and antipsychotics, assessed using patient‐level electronic health record data. Using multivariable logistic regression with hospital and study‐day fixed effects, the quasi‐experimental study design leveraged the staggered onset of visitation restrictions across the hospitals to measure the odds of receiving each medication when visitors were versus were not allowed.ResultsAmong 2931 patients, mean age was 76.6 years (SD, 8.3), 51.6% were female, 58.6% white, 32.5% black, and 2.6% Hispanic. Overall, 924 (31.5%) patients received a benzodiazepine and 298 (10.2%) an antipsychotic. The adjusted odds of benzodiazepine use was lower on days when visitors were versus were not allowed (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39, 0.99). Antipsychotic use did not significantly differ between days when visitors were versus were not allowed (AOR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.43, 2.21).ConclusionsAmong older patients hospitalized during the first wave of the pandemic, benzodiazepine use was lower on days when visitors were allowed. These findings suggest that the presence of caregivers impacts use of potentially inappropriate medications among hospitalized older adults, supporting efforts to recognize caregivers as essential members of the care team.
Taming complex problems using the problem‐solution‐impact research process model
Authors: Machin Jane , Adkins Natalie Ross , Chan‐Park Christina , Crosby Elizabeth , Farrell Justine Rapp , Mirabito Ann M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe transformative consumer research (TCR) and transformative service research (TSR) movements seek to encourage, support, and publicize research benefiting consumer welfare. In this article, we introduce design thinking (DT) as a rigorous, effective, and creative problem‐solving process well‐suited to tackle the multi‐dimensional problems TCR/TSR researchers address. A scoping review of TCR/TSR and DT literatures examining complex issues, such as health and well‐being, inequality, and sustainability, reveals each orientation's theoretical and methodological strengths as well as its opportunities to more effectively catalyze positive change. Specifically, DT would benefit from the rigorous theoretical perspective brought by TCR/TSR researchers. In turn, transformative consumer and service researchers can find inspiration in the participatory ideation and prototyping techniques central to DT. The problem‐solution‐impact (PSI) research process model for transformative change draws from the strengths of the two traditions to creates a rigorous and relevant approach to addressing the world's most complex and dynamic problems.
Adverse drug reactions following lymphocyte immunotherapy for the treatment of infertility: A retrospective study
Authors: Eidizadeh Abass , Papert Susanne , Valk Jakob , Pollok‐Kopp Beatrix , Goldmann Monika , Riggert Joachim , Moltrecht Rüdiger , Legler Tobias J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimUnexplained infertility is a major burden for couples who want to have children. Lymphocyte immunotherapy (LIT) could be a therapeutic help for these couples. Although LIT has been carried out for decades, the data on the success of therapy are still controversial and there is hardly information on possible adverse drug reactions.MethodsIn this study, we used a questionnaire to determine the frequency of local and systemic adverse drug reactions in our patients who were treated with LIT between 2017 and 2020 (n = 302). In addition, we asked about pregnancies and/or live births after LIT in a 2‐year follow‐up (n = 140).ResultsMost of the patients reported the occurrence of mild local adverse drug reactions in a period of less than 4 weeks: Over 75% reported moderate erythema, itching or swelling, over 10% erythema, itching or swelling as more pronounced adverse drug reaction. Blistering was specified in 10% of the cases. Serious adverse drug reactions or adverse events were not described. In the follow‐up, 69% of our patients stated a pregnancy after LIT, and 50% a life birth.ConclusionsOverall, LIT represents a well‐tolerated therapy for couples with unexplained infertility, however, more evidence is needed on the benefits.