bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: De Vito Christian G. , Müller Viola Franziska 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis special issue explores how enslaved workers of African descent were punished in the Americas. It studies punishment inside and beyond the criminal justice system, investigating its legitimation and implementation in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Collectively, the articles address three main themes: the relationship between the enslaved, the slaveholders, and the state; the shifts in modalities of governance across space and time; and the entanglement of modes of punishment across geographies. This perspective illustrates the broader implications of punishment for issues of labor supply and labor control, and helps us understand how slavery was produced and reproduced in different, yet connected, regions of the Americas.
Slave Exports and the Politics of Slave Punishment during Colombia’s Abolition Process (1820s–1840s)
Authors: Echeverri Marcela 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on the contentious process that characterized the slow, gradual abolition of slavery in Colombia and New Granada between 1821 and 1852. I investigate how in this period slaveowners in the southwest advocated for their right to export their slaves as a form of punishment. In the foundation of the antislavery Colombian Republic, the 1821 manumission law had prohibited Colombians from participating in slave trading. Yet the slave-owning elite justified their appeal for exporting their enslaved property by claiming that selling the slaves outside of Colombian territory (New Granadan after Colombia was dissolved in 1830) was a strategy to get rid of the Afro-descendant populations, whom they considered to be dangerous to the social order. I also study how the position of the enslaved in the southwestern region was politicized both by the military dynamics and legal changes underway after independence. Justifying slave exports as a punishment of the “unruly slaves” was not only a strategy of the slaveowners to regain their capital. It was, mainly, a form of empowerment in response to the challenges they faced as a class in the context of gradual abolition, including the state’s courting of slaves through antislavery legislation.
Environmental Controls on Simulated Deep Moist Convection Initiation Occurring during RELAMPAGO-CACTI
Authors: Nelson T. Connor , Marquis James , Peters John M. , Friedrich Katja 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study synthesizes the results of 13 high-resolution simulations of deep convective updrafts forming over idealized terrain using environments observed during the RELAMPAGO and CACTI field projects. Using composite soundings from multiple observed cases, and variations upon them, we explore the sensitivity of updraft properties (e.g., size, buoyancy, and vertical pressure gradient forces) to influences of environmental relative humidity, wind shear, and mesoscale orographic forcing that support or suppress deep convection initiation (CI). Emphasis is placed on differentiating physical processes affecting the development of updrafts (e.g., entrainment-driven dilution of updrafts) in environments typifying observed successful and null (i.e., no CI despite affirmative operational forecasts) CI events. Thermally induced mesoscale orographic lift favors the production of deep updrafts originating from ∼1- to 2-km-wide boundary layer thermals. Simulations without terrain forcing required much larger (∼5-km-wide) thermals to yield precipitating convection. CI outcome was quite sensitive to environmental relative humidity; updrafts with increased buoyancy, depth, and intensity thrived in otherwise inhospitable environments by simply increasing the free-tropospheric relative humidity. This implicates the entrainment of free-tropospheric air into updrafts as a prominent governor of CI, consistent with previous studies. Sensitivity of CI to the environmental wind is manifested by 1) low-level flow affecting the strength and depth of mesoscale convergence along the terrain, and 2) clouds encountering updraft-suppressing pressure gradient forces while interacting with vertical wind shear in the free troposphere. Among the ensemble of thermals occurring in each simulation, the widest deep updrafts in each simulation were the most sensitive to environmental influences.
Third-party Compliance With State-Mandated Orthodontic Coverage for Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Care in California: An Insurance Claim Thematic Analysis
Authors: Azizollahi Ronnel , Hubacek Laura , Oberoi Snehlata , Kearns Cristin 
Published: March 2022

Background California Senate Bill 630 (SB630) enacted statutorily mandated health plan coverage for orthodontic care of patients with cleft palate and craniofacial anomalies in 2009, which was effective from July 1, 2010. In this qualitative analysis, third-party compliance with SB630 in a university-based cleft and craniofacial orthodontic program is evaluated. Methods Privately insured patients that experienced a coverage delay or denial of orthodontic treatment for cleft lip and palate in the University of California, San Francisco Cleft and Craniofacial Orthodontic Program between July 1, 2010 and October 28, 2020 were identified. A thematic analysis of reasons for delay or denial was conducted. Results Nearly three quarters of patients experienced coverage delay and/or denials. The most common reason given was that services were not covered. Conclusions Despite state-mandated coverage, inappropriate denials of orthodontic care for patients with cleft lip and palate by private insurers persist in California.
Immediate Repair With a Self-Gripping Retromuscular Mesh for Abdominal Wall Defect Following Tumor Resection
Authors: Wang Dianchen , Zheng Shouhua , Qiu Xinguang , Fu Yang 
Published: March 2022

Background: Prosthetic repair is always employed after large abdominal wall tumor resection, while chronic pain is one of the mesh-related complications after traumatic fixation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the outcomes of retromuscular repair with self-gripping mesh after abdominal wall tumor resection. Methods: The study was a monocentric retrospective analysis following STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statements of all patients with abdominal wall tumor >5 cm in diameter undergoing tumor excision and retromuscular repair with self-gripping mesh. Demographic, operative, early postoperative, and follow-up data were noted. Visual Analog Scale, ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (very severe pain), was used to estimate the wound pain. Results: 24 patients were included in this study, and the defect following tumor resection was 26.9±10.0 cm2. There was no tumor recurrence or incisional hernia in median follow-up of 20 months, and the mean VAS score was 0.4. Three had foreign body feeling and no one suffered chronic pain. Conclusions: Immediate repair with a self-gripping retromuscular mesh can be considered as an effective way to treat an abdominal wall defect after resecting an abdominal wall tumor.
Maternal and neonatal complications during delivery according to passive versus active second stage in woman with medical conditions (ComPActSS)
Authors: Gagnon Élisabeth , Côté Anne-Marie , Roy-Lacroix Marie-Ève , Massé Édith , Malick Mandy , Sauvé Nadine 
Published: March 2022

Background The incidence of serious complications during vaginal delivery with a passive second stage in women with medical conditions is unknown. Methods Our retrospective cohort study with matched groups (pairing 1 passive with 2 active second stage) included women who had a medical delivery plan from the high risk obstetric team at our center. The primary outcome was a composite of major maternal and neonatal complications. Results The primary outcome occurred in 50% (12/24) of women in the passive group versus 35.4% (17/48) ( p = 0.24) in the active group. In the passive group, we observed a longer passive second stage of labor (28 vs. 8 min, p < 0.001), a tendency towards more assisted vaginal births (29.2% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.08), and more traumatic deliveries (16.7% vs. 0%, p = 0.012). Conclusion The higher proportion of complications in women who had a passive second stage should encourage physicians to make this recommendation only in selected cases.
Cardiovascular-specific mortality among multiple myeloma patients: a population-based study
Authors: Yin Xuejiao , Fan Fengjuan , Zhang Bo , Hu Yu , Sun Chunyan 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) survival has greatly improved in recent decades. MM is usually diagnosed at a median age of 66–70 years. MM patients do not necessarily die from primary cancer, so cardiovascular health may be a key factor threatening long-term survival. This study was designed to explore the cardiovascular disease mortality (CVM) trends in MM patients and compare them with those in the general population. Methods: In total, 88,328 MM patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1975–2016) were included. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were used to assess CVM risk. Results: The CVM risk was significantly higher in MM patients than in the general population (SMR, 1.84 (95% CI, 1.78–1.89)). MM patients had the highest CVM SMR, at 2.62 (95% CI, 2.49–2.75), in the first year after diagnosis, and it decreased over the follow-up period. Over the study period, the incidence of CVM continued to decrease in MM patients diagnosed at age 65–74 (APC, −1.2% (95% CI, −1.9% to −0.4%)) and ⩾75 years (APC, −1.9% (95% CI, −2.6% to −1.2%)) but not younger. CVM was the second-most common cause of death in patients ⩾75 years. In only MM case analyses, male sex, Black race, older age at diagnosis, and earlier year of diagnosis were poor prognostic factors for heart-specific mortality. Conclusion: The CVM risk in MM patients was significantly higher than that in the general population. To improve survival, cardiovascular health should receive attention upon diagnosis.
Exploring possible risk factors for time to first fall and 6-month fall incidence in persons with acute stroke
Authors: Sjöholm Hanna , Hägg Staffan , Nyberg Lars , Lind Jonas , Kammerlind Ann-Sofi 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The aim was to explore how the time to the first fall and 6-month fall incidence relates to rapidly and easily collected data in persons with acute stroke. Methods: Out of consecutively admitted patients with stroke at three stroke units, 284 with at least one follow-up were included in this prospective cohort study. During 6 months following discharge, participants reported falls using a diary and monthly phone calls. Data about participants’ characteristics, functions, and activities were collected during hospital stay and analyzed in relation to time to first fall by Cox regression and fall incidence by negative binomial regression. Results: Use of ⩾9 medications, paresis in arms, paresis in legs (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale), impaired protective reactions in sitting (Postural Reactions Test), and limitations in self-care (Barthel Index) were decisive risk factors for time to first fall. Limitations in mobility (Step Test, 30-s Chair Stand Test) were decisive risk factors for high fall incidence (p < 0.0005). Conclusion: Several easily collected participant characteristics, functions, and activities were identified as risk factors for falls. The findings emphasize the width of assessments that can be used for the identification of individuals at risk for falls and that the risk factors vary in different strata of the population. These results are important when developing multivariate risk models. The risk factors differed in part when analyzing the time to the first fall and 6-month fall incidence.
Risk of femoral tunnel collision in combined and independent anterolateral and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with outside-in femoral drilling
Authors: Stordeur Alban , Grange Sylvain , Farizon Frederic , Servien Elvire , Philippot Remi , Neri Thomas 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: In combined ACL and anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction with outside-in femoral drilling, there is a risk of femoral tunnel collision. The objective was to determine the optimal combination of ACL and ALL femoral tunnel orientation to minimize the risk of collision. Methods: Forty patients with isolated ACLR with inside-out femoral drilling were included. For each patient, a postoperative MRI of the femur was reconstructed in 3D. An ALL tunnel was modeled virtually with a pair of coronal and axial angles varying from 0° to 40°. The minimum distance to the existing ACL tunnel was measured for each pair of angles. For each patient, based on the optimal ALL orientation identified, a correlation between the ACL angle in relation to the axial plane and the distance between the ACL and the ALL tunnel was established. Results: The lowest collision rate between the ACL and ALL tunnels was measured at 0% with a 0° coronal and 40° anterior axial ALL fixation angle. In order to avoid the risk of femoral trochlea breaking when the ALL femoral tunnel is being created, it should not exceed 30 mm in length. In this context, the risk of trochlea breaking by the guide pin was evaluated at 42%. The closer the orientation of the ACL tunnel to the axis of the femoral shaft, the greater the distance to the ALL tunnel, which decreases the risk of collision of the 2 tunnels. A fixation system without guide wire should be used if trochlear breaking of the ALL guide pin is to be avoided. Conclusion: In a combined inside-out ACL and ALL reconstruction, we recommend creating the ALL tunnel with a 0° coronal and 40° axial fixation angle and the ACL tunnel with the orientation closest to the axis of the femoral shaft.
Long-term results of arthroscopic Bankart repair with remplissage
Authors: Brejuin Alexis , Girard Mathieu , Dauzere Florence , Baron Thomas , Mansat Pierre , Bonnevialle Nicolas 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Arthroscopic Bankart repair with Hill-Sachs remplissage (BHSR) is suggested to treat anterior shoulder instability when there is an engaging humeral lesion. The objective of this study was to report the long-term clinical and radiological results of this procedure. Methods: This is a retrospective monocentric study including patients who underwent surgery for anterior shoulder instability by BHSR, seen again within a minimum of 5 years. 70% of the 51 patients (mean age 26 years; 16 - 49; ± 8.453 years) practiced sports. The mean ISIS score was 3.306 (0 - 7; ± 1.798). At the last follow-up, active range of motion, Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), and Walch-Duplay and Rowe scores were measured. A radiographic assessment enabled the evaluation of arthrosis according to Samilson’s classification. Results: At a mean clinical follow-up of 86.8 months (60.0 - 123.9 ± 17.0 months), 83% of the patients had resumed sports activities. The mean Rowe, Walch-Duplay and SSV scores were 88.8 points (51-100; ± 12.4), 82.6 points (50 - 100; ± 16.4) and 87.9% (50 - 100, ± 8.5), respectively. 8 patients (15.6%) had a recurrence of dislocation or incomplete dislocation. In univariate analysis, patients who were stable at the last follow-up had a significant mean decrease in external rotation in adduction of 7° (p = 0.02) and in abduction of 6° RE2 (p = 0.006), a shallower Hill-Sachs (18% vs 25% of the humeral head diameter; p = 0.04), and were older (27 vs 19 years, p = 0.04). Radiographically, 84% of the patients had no osteoarthritis progression, while 13% had grade I osteoarthritis progression. Conclusion: BHSR allows resumption of sports activity in the majority of cases, with minor limitation of external rotation. However, the high failure rate in more than 5 years suggests that this procedure should be proposed with caution in case of a deep Hill-Sachs in young subjects.
Complete traumatic rotator cuff tears in children and adolescents: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Manoukov Yvan , Grimberg Jean , Le Hanneur Malo , Kany Jean 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Complete rotator cuff tears in adolescents that require surgery are exceptional. The purpose of this work was to analyze the medium- and long-term results in adolescents who underwent arthroscopic or open repair of a complete rotator cuff tear. Methods: All surgeons who are members of the French Shoulder and Elbow Society (SOFEC) and the French Arthroscopy Society (SFA) were contacted. They were sent an electronic questionnaire asking whether they had had to surgically treat a traumatic complete rotator cuff tear in a child or adolescent. Of 233 surgeons, 90 responded to the questionnaire. Only 15 had actually had the opportunity to address one or more cases. Surgeons who responded positively to the questionnaire were contacted to retrieve complete medical data on their patient(s). Results: Nineteen records were reviewed. The mean age at the time of surgery was 14.7 years (12-17). A frequent injury mechanism was glenohumeral dislocation during contact sports (n = 7/19). The subscapularis muscle was involved in 100% of the cases. In 31% of the cases, the injury also involved the supraspinatus and/or infraspinatus. Open (n = 6/19) or arthroscopic (n = 13/19) surgery was performed. At a mean follow-up of 47 months (24 months - 18 years), 79% had resumed sports at the previous level. Two patients had a neurological complication, one of whom required a nerve graft surgery. In 14% of the cases, pseudarthrosis of the lesser tuberosity occurred, and the surgical revision did not affect the final result. Only one patient had recurrent anterior instability requiring a bone block surgery seven years after the initial surgery. Conclusion: Complete rotator cuff tears are exceptional in adolescents. Injuries are mainly in the subscapularis. Reinsertion, even if it is late, ideally performed by arthroscopy, provides good results with resumption of sports at the previous level in 79% of the cases
Biomechanical Comparison of Krackow Repair and Percutaneous Achilles Repair System for Achilles Tendon Rupture Fixation: A Cadaveric and Finite Element Analysis Study
Authors: Macaluso Bonnie , Hassan Chaudhry R. , Swanson David R. , Nazemi Alireza , Zaverukha Eugene , Paulus Megan , Qin Yi-Xian , Komatsu David E. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Open and percutaneous repair surgeries are widely used for the Achilles tendon rupture. However, prior biomechanic studies of these 2 approaches have mixed conclusions; therefore, we designed a cadaver and finite element (FE) model biomechanical study to compare the mechanical differences between the percutaneous Achilles repair system (PARS) and Krackow open repair under tensile load and rotation. Methods: Sixteen Achilles tendons were extracted from fresh-frozen cadaver ankles and the calcaneums were fixed in mortar. A force control dynamic tensile mechanical test was performed at 1 Hz with 30- and 100-N cyclic loads. Initial intact baseline testing was followed by an incision on all Achilles tendons, 4 cm from the calcaneus insertion, which were then repaired using the PARS (n = 8) or Krackow (n = 8) method. Recorded force-displacement values were used to calculate mechanical parameters, and statistical significance of differences was determined by unpaired (between repair techniques) and paired (intact vs repaired) t tests. Material properties of the Achilles tendon in the FE model were modified and a 10-Nm flexion was simulated for intact and surgical groups. Results: No differences were found between intact tendons assigned to PARS or Krackow repairs in Young’s modulus ( P = .582) and stiffness ( P = .323). Pre- and postoperative Young’s modulus was significantly decreased for both groups (Intact 230.60±100.76 MPa vs PARS 142.44±37.37 MPa, P < .012; Intact 207.46±81.12 MPa vs Krackow109.43±27.63 MPa, P < .002). Stiffness decreased significantly after surgery for both groups (Intact 25.33±10.89 N/mm vs PARS 6.51±1.68 N/mm, P < .003; Intact 20.30±8.65 N/mm vs Krackow 5.97±1.30 N/mm, P < .003). PARS ultimate tensile strength was significantly higher than the Krackow (PARS 280.29±47.32 N vs Krackow 196.97±54.28 N, P < .003) but not significantly different in the ultimate tensile strain. PARS had a significantly lower postoperative gap compared to Krackow (PARS 9.75±5.87 mm vs Krackow 25.19±7.72 mm, P < .001). FE analysis predicted an increased talocalcaneal contact pressure, maximum principal stress, and rotation in the Krackow vs PARS models, respectively. Conclusion: Biomechanical parameters observed in this study through mechanical testing and FE analysis favor the selection of PARS over the Krackow repair based on better strength, higher failure force, and lower gap generation. Clinical Relevance: The study has analyzed two Achilles tendon repair methods using cadaver and numerical estimation and may help clinicians gain insight into selection of tendon repair approaches to generate better clinical outcomes.
Evaluation of predictor factors of psychological distress in women with unexplained infertility
Authors: Noël Ingrid , Dodin Sylvie , Dufour Stéphanie , Bergeron Marie-Ève , Lefebvre Jessica , Maheux-Lacroix Sarah 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to establish the frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms among women diagnosed with unexplained infertility and to identify risk factors. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. Forty-two women from the CHU de Quebec fertility clinic were recruited. Women completed the ‘Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale’ (HADS) self-administered questionnaire, used to estimate prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms (score ≥ 8). Results: Overall, 55% ( n = 23) of participants were identified with anxiety or depressive symptoms according to the HADS questionnaire. Anxiety symptoms were more frequent (55%) compared with depressive symptoms (10%). According to a logistic regression model, being under 35 years old [odds ratio (OR) = 16.6, confidence interval (CI): 1.9–25.0], never had a previous spontaneous abortion (OR = 5.6, CI: 1.1–43.5) and never sought fertility treatment (OR = 5.5, CI: 1.1–45.4) were associated with a higher risk of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Anxiety and depressive symptoms are common among women with unexplained infertility, and strategies should be developed to better support and treat this high-risk population.
Tennantite-(Cu), Cu12As4S13, from Layo, Arequipa Department, Peru: a new addition to the tetrahedrite-group minerals
Authors: Biagioni Cristian , Sejkora Jiří , Moëlo Yves , Marcoux Eric , Mauro Daniela , Dolníček Zdeněk 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTennantite-(Cu), Cu12As4S13, was approved as a new mineral species from the Layo epithermal deposit, Castilla Province, Arequipa Department, Peru, where it occurs as black metallic anhedral grains, up to 0.1 mm across, replacing enargite and associated with chalcopyrite and vinciennite. In reflected light, tennantite-(Cu) is isotropic, grey with a bluish shade. Reflectance data for the four COM wavelengths in air are [λ (nm): R (%)]: 470: 29.1; 546: 28.4; 589: 27.4; and 650: 25.0. Electron microprobe analysis for holotype material gave (in wt.% – average of 10 spot analyses): Cu 49.32(27), Fe 2.20(12), Zn 0.09(2), Sn 0.03(5), As 19.45(43), Sb 1.94(10), Te 0.02(5), S 27.75(43), total 100.80(20). On the basis of (As + Sb + Te) = 4 atoms per formula unit (apfu), the empirical formula of tennantite-(Cu) is (Cu11.27Fe0.57Zn0.02)Σ11.86(As3.77Sb0.23)Σ4.00S12.57. Tennantite-(Cu) is cubic, I$\overline 4$3m, with unit-cell parameters a = 10.1710(10) Å, V = 1052.2(2) Å3 and Z = 2. Its crystal structure was refined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to a final R1 = 0.0178 on the basis of 263 unique reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo) and 24 refined parameters. Tennantite-(Cu) is isotypic with other tetrahedrite-group minerals. Previous findings of tennantite-(Cu) are reported and some nomenclature issues, related to the Fe and Cu oxidation states, are discussed. At the Layo epithermal deposit, tennantite-(Cu) is the result of the replacement of enargite under decreasing $f_{{\rm S}_ 2}$ conditions.