bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Village Government: Study at Onewila Village Office, Ranomeeto District South Konawe Regency
Authors: Haeruddin  , Nashar Abdul , Jawiah St. 
Published: October 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Desa Onewila Kecamatan Ranomeeto Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Metode penelitian adalah menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik analisis data; menggunakan Model Interaktif. Hasil penelitian; menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Desa Onewila Kecamatan Ranomeeto Kabupaten Konawe Selatan terkait Fokus Peneletian, yaitu; Indikator Produksi, Efisiensi, Dan Adaptasi/ Fleksibilitas telah berjalan dengan baik namun masih perlu ditingkatkan. Rekomendasi: a. Hendaknya kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Kepala Desa dan perangkatnya perlu ditingkatkan melalui pelatihan atau penataran. b. Hendaknya Sumber pendapatan keuangan Pemerintah Desa seperti Alokasi Dana Desa dan sumber pendapatan lain seperti Dana Desa lebih dioptimalkan. c. Hendaknya Kepala Desa dan Perangkat Desa diberikan penghasilan tetap dan tunjangan yang cukup memadai. D. Hendaknya Fasilitas kerja disediakan secara memadai untuk kelancaran pelaksanaan tugas perangkat desa.
Penerapan Metode Think Pair and Share dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Wacana Bahasa Inggris di SMAN 1 Purworejo
Authors: Hendarto Eko 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan peserta didik dalam memahami wacana berbahasa Inggris dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran Think Pair and Share di SMA Negeri 1 Purworejo, Jawa Tengah yang meliputi 1) implementasi metode Think Pair and Share di dalam proses pembelajaran, 2) implementasi metode Think Pair and Share dalam menemukan informasi pada level low order thinking skills (LOTS) dan high order thinking skills (HOTS), 3) analisis peningkatan kemampuan peserta didik dalam membaca wacana berbahasa Inggris. Subyek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XII sebanyak 36. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa penilaian tertulis yang dilakukan secara periodik, pengamatan dan angket. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes, jurnal guru dan kuesioner. Dengan penerapan metode Think Pair and Share hasil belajar dalam memahami wacana Bahasa Inggris dinyatakan meningkat yang ditandai dengan kenaikan prosentase belajar tuntas peserta didik. Prosentase ketuntasan belajar peserta didik pada saat pretest adalah 66%, pada siklus 1 adalah 72% dan pada siklus 2 adalah 82%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode Think Pair and Share bekerja efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca wacana bahasa Inggris peserta.
Pengaruh Budaya Sekolah dalam Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik di SMA Muhammadiyah Pakem
Authors: Andika Nursidik Jaka , Setiawan Farid , Wahab Juliani Abd , Rona Safira , Wijaya Muhammad Ilham 
Published: October 2022

Abstrak
Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang sangat cepat di era globalisasi. Perkembangan ini juga berpengaruh terhadap pendidikan budaya dalam pembentukan pendidikan karakter pada peserta didik dapat kita hadapi dan lihat banyak kejadian melibatkan peserta didik yang dapat mempengaruhi moral dan karakter remaja itu sendiri dan juga merusak suasana di sekitarnya. Dari pembahasan budaya sekolah ini kita dapat menemukan makna dimana sangat berpengaruh dalam perkembangan dan juga memberikan pembelajaran kepada semua penghuni sekolah terkhusus kepada peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh budaya sekolah sehingga dapat membantu unit sekolah dalam pembentukan karakter siswa khususnya di SMA Muhammadiyah Pakem dan diharapkan juga seluruh peserta didik dapat mengikuti dan melaksanakan budaya sekolah sehingga dapat membentuk jiwa yang baik dalam rohani dan juga jasmani. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus, kita dapat menyimpulkan bahwa budaya sekolah berpengaruh dalam pembentukan karakter di SMA Muhammadiyah Pakem, serta dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap kesinambungan kehidupan yang berada pada lingkungan sekolah dan juga lingkungan sekitar.
Analisis Keterampilan Guru dalam Penggunaan Teknologi yang Mendukung Pembelajaran Daring Guru Kelas V SDN 1 Pakel
Authors: Janattaka Nugrananda , Santoso Erlis Wahyu Puji 
Published: October 2022

Guru merupakan profesi yang sangat mulia dan mempunyai nilai luhur di masyarakat, oleh karena itu guru dituntut untuk kreativ dan inovatif dalam melaksanakan pengajaran kepada peserta didik. Media pembelajaran digital atau teknologi modern merupakan salah satu perangkat pembelajaran yang harus dikuasai dan digunakan oleh guru saat pembelajaran dalam zaman sekarang ini yaitu pembelajaran pada masa pandemi. Oleh karena itu keterampilan seorang guru dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran digital di masa pandemi sangat penting dalam pembelajaran serta mempengaruhi dalam proses pembelajaran tematik. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah 1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan serta keterampilan guru dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran daring di SDN 1 Pakel, 2) Untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat dalam penggunaan pembelajaran daring di SDN 1 Pakel. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah kualitatif yaitu penelitian yang mengkaji data secara mendalam untuk memahami fenomena yang muncul. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru SDN 1 Pakel. Sedangkan untuk teknik pengumpulan data, menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan guru mengalami beberapa hambatan dalam proses pembelajaran daring hal tersebut terlihat dari keterampilan guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran digital, ada beberapa kesulitan yang dialami saat melakukan pembelajaran daring. Kesulitan ini ada di guru, siswa, dan orang tua. Kesulitan antara lain; Link yang diberikan guru tidak bisa diakses oleh peserta didik, kuota, jaringan, hp android jadul, tugas tidak dikirim sesuai jadwal, lupa, hp dibawa orang tua, kurang pendampingan dari orang tua.
Career intention of dermatology trainees following completion of training
Authors: Engelina Shendy , Shim Tang Ngee 
Published: October 2022

Dermatology within the United Kingdom is facing significant challenges on service provision. Dermatology registrars/trainees are the backbone for future National Health Service but there is a lack of literature on their career intentions following completion of training.
We conducted semi-structured one-to-one interviews of ten senior dermatology registrars within the West Midlands. Information on demographics, career intention and factors influencing career decision were collected. A thematic analysis was used.
The majority of trainees felt ready to become a consultant and considered taking up substantive consultant role. Personal and professional factors equally influenced career decision. Concerns related to training revealed three themes: individual support, organisational issues and training curriculum.
The study highlighted trainees’ range of career trajectories is a multifactorial process. Our findings have provided an understanding of contemporary issues within dermatology training from a more personal level and the data may offer an important avenue for future research within dermatology education.
Disorder under Heaven
Authors: Dittmer Lowell 
Published: October 2022

New Asian Disorder finds its origin in an incomplete reintegration of the Asian order after the Cold War, leaving two essentially different political-economic systems in competition. While this contradiction seemed for a time to be pragmatically reconcilable, China’s disproportionate growth since the Global Financial Crisis, and the relative decline of American power, has upset the region’s tenuous balance. We analyze this New Disorder in three dimensions. First, identities—here the attempt to forge an economically efficient regional identity struggles against the vigorous pursuit of idealized national identities. Second, strategies—beyond the usual military calculations, East Asia has seen a reconceptualization of strategy to include the weaponization of economics, technology, even to some extent information flows. Third, triangles—when regional integration fails, there is a tendency to turn to informal triangular constructs, with their hedged promise of both flexibility and provisional security.
The 3Rs principles and genetic pain disenhancement
Authors: Camenzind S , Eggel M 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWilliam Russell and Rex Burch's 3Rs principles were developed 1959 before animal ethics emerged as a scientific discipline in the 1970s and before many ground-breaking developments in modern biotechnology, such as genetic engineering. From this starting point we sought to analyse the normative foundations of the 3Rs principles in contemporary terms and concepts of animal ethics. After establishing the normative groundwork of the 3Rs, we will look at their practical implications within the context of present-day biotechnology. To this end, we shall investigate whether the genetic disenhancement of research animals to limit their ability to feel pain (GPD) complies with the original 3Rs principles. We use GPD as a practical example, since it is being discussed today as a promising way of solving one of the key moral issues raised by animal research, notably animal pain and suffering. By discussing GPD in the context of the 3Rs we aim also not only to gain insights into whether GPD is compatible with one or more of the 3Rs, but also to develop a better understanding of the specific normative foundation of the 3Rs principles and the conceptual limitations and practical implications of that foundation. We argue that reducing moral concerns about animal research to those that are intelligible within a sentientist framework (eg harm and suffering), as the 3Rs do, represents an oversimplification of the moral issues involved. We suggest that interference with abilities, instrumentalisation, flourishing, and death are all important aspects of animal ethics requiring consideration.
Play and welfare in domestic cats: Current knowledge and future directions
Authors: Henning JSL , Fernandez EJ , Nielsen T , Hazel S 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPlay and welfare have long been linked within animal research literature, with play considered as both a potential indicator and promoter of welfare. An indicator due to observations that play is exhibited most frequently in times when an animal's fitness is not under threat and when immediate needs such as food, water and adequate space are met. And a promoter, because of observations that animals who play more also have better welfare outcomes. However, limited research has been undertaken to investigate this link, especially in companion animals. The domestic cat(Felis catus)is one of the most popular companion animals in the world, yet little is known about the impact of play behaviour on cat welfare. We review the current literature on play and welfare in cats. This includes examining the role of cat play in mitigating negative welfare outcomes, such as reducing problem behaviours, one of the leading reasons for guardian dissatisfaction and cat relinquishment to shelters. Play is also discussed as a potential tool to provide environmental enrichment and to improve cat-human relationships. Future areas for research are suggested. We find that further research is needed that uses a multi-faceted approach to assess how quantity, type and quality of play impact subsequent cat behaviour and welfare. Future research could also assess cat play needs and preferences as well as investigate the role of play in mitigating threats to cat welfare such as reducing problem behaviour and improving human-cat relationships. If play is an indicator and promoter of welfare, studies into the impact of play may offer an accessible approach for monitoring and improving domestic cat welfare.
Is pet ownership associated with values and attitudes towards animals?
Authors: Busch G , Schütz A , Hölker S , Spiller A 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, the number of pets and pet owners has been increasing in recent years. The experiences people have with pets might impact their relationships with animals in general and especially attitudes towards animal protection and use. However, research on the impact of pet ownership on values and attitudes towards animals is relatively scarce. We analyse associations of pet ownership with different values and attitudes towards animals. We derived seven attitude constructs towards animals from three different datasets using Principal Component Analyses. Data were collected using standardised online surveys with German residents (dataset 1 = 1,049 respondents; dataset 2 = 414 respondents; dataset 3 = 1,048 respondents). All three samples are non-probability quota samples. The seven attitudinal constructs represent values and attitudes towards animals ranging from general values and attitudes towards, eg animal protection, to more specific attitudes towards, eg eating animals. We analysed the relationship of pet ownership, sex, and age with these constructs using ANOVA. Our results show that effect sizes are small to medium. Pet ownership has the strongest association with more general values and attitudes towards animals, with pet owners being, eg more involved in animal protection and more in favour of awarding fundamental rights to animals. In contrast, we found that more specific attitudes, such as the evaluation of current pig farming systems or attitudes towards eating meat, were more related to sex than pet ownership. Our findings indicate that having pets relates to their owners’ attitudes towards animals, but that this association varies depending on the specificity of attitudes.
Research of Ethnic Tolerance in the Youth Environment
Authors: Osin Roman Viktorovich , Roganova Anastasiya Evgen'evna , Medvedeva Irina Alekseevna 
Published: October 2022

The current state of psychological research of ethnic tolerance in the youth environment is considered. Despite the existence of a certain degree of elaboration of the concept of ethnic tolerance in psychological literature and periodicals, the practical implementation of the study of the level of ethnic tolerance in various social strata and public entities is insufficient. The results of empirical research provide a real picture of the state of interethnic relations in this environment and provide grounds for practical measures to resolve possible conflict situations and harmonize interaction on an interethnic basis by uniting various ethnic groups in society. The purpose of the article is to empirically determine the level of ethnic tolerance among students of higher education institutions, to determine the level of its components, to establish links between tolerance and ethnic identity of respondents, to determine the prospects for further research. The results of an empirical study of ethnic tolerance among young people indicate that a person's tolerance to representatives of other ethnic groups is associated with awareness of belonging to their own ethnic group, that is, with a positively established ethnic identity. The vast majority of young people who have a normal level of ethnic identity, an average or high level of tolerance in general, they also have developed ethnic and social tolerance. Among the factors forming the appropriate level of ethnic tolerance, first of all, it is necessary to name the characteristics of the individual, the influence of the conditions of the social environment in which ethnic interaction is carried out, the presence of the practice of interethnic communication. A balanced State social and ethnic policy, especially in the field of education, should support and form a positive dynamic of interaction between different ethnic groups.
Retrospective study of intrapartum fever in term pregnancies and adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes
Authors: An Hongmin , Zheng Wei , Zhu Qinghua , Wen Haiyan 
Published: October 2022

Background
Intrapartum fever is a well-known predisposing factor for severe perinatal outcomes. Herein, we explored the intrapartum features, obstetric outcomes, and neonatal outcomes in relation to the extent of intrapartum fever via three group analyses.

Methods
A retrospective cohort analysis consisting of 575 term, singleton live births in one medical center from January 1st to December 31st, 2020 was carried out. Parturients who had experienced a maximal intrapartum fever of <38.0 °C were compared with two sub-groups of parturients who had experienced respective maximal fevers of 38.0–38.9 °C and ≥39.0 °C. We computed the adjusted risks for adverse perinatal outcomes via multiple logistic regression models to control for confounders.

Results
There were statistically remarkable differences among the three groups in 13 items including body mass index, epidural, and WBC before delivery (p < 0.05). In contrast with intrapartum fevers of 37.5–37.9 °C, intrapartum fevers of 38.0–38.9 °C were linked to an elevated risk of neonatal sepsis and neonatal intensive care unit admission with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.28 (95% CI 2.162–8.479) and 1.73 (95% CI 1.125–2.666), nonetheless, the relationship was remarkably higher for intrapartum fever ≥39.0 °C, with an OR of 6.40 (95% CI 2.450–16.725) and 2.23 (95% CI 1.021–4.854). Additionally, intrapartum fevers of 38.0-38.9 °C and ≥39.0 °C were related to remarkably higher risk for operative deliveries (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.373–3.648; OR 3.59, 95% CI 1.398–9.226; respectively) and histological chorioamnionitis (OR 3.77, 95% CI 2.261-6.271; OR 19.24, 95% CI 7.385–50.111, respectively).

Conclusions
Intrapartum fever is an important indicator of adverse perinatal outcomes. The higher the temperature, the higher risk of histological chorioamnionitis, as well as the risk of neonatal sepsis and neonatal intensive care unit admission.
Distressed (Type D) personality is predicted by avoidance: evidence from a computer-based avatar task
Authors: Allen M. Todd , Shields Michelle M. , Myers Catherine E. 
Published: October 2022

Background
One personality type associated with poor health outcomes is distressed (Type D) personality which involves high levels of both social inhibition (SI) and negative affectivity (NA). Type D is also linked to psychopathologies such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, and depression. One mechanism through which personality temperament may result in these psychopathologies is avoidance. Recently, a computer-based measure designed to assess avoidant behaviors, in which the participant guides the behavior of an avatar interacting with strangers in social situations, has been found to be related to various forms of avoidance. In the current study, we extended this work with the avatar avoidance task to determine its relationship to distressed (Type D) personality. We hypothesized that Type D personality, along with SI, but not NA, would be positively related to avatar avoidance scores. We also hypothesized that avatar avoidance scores would be higher in Type D individuals than non-Type D individuals.

Methods
A total of 302 undergraduates completed the Distressed Type D Personality Scale (DS-14), and a computer-based avatar avoidance task.

Results
Type D and SI, and NA to a lesser degree, were positively correlated with avoidance scores on the avatar task. Furthermore, regression analyses revealed that Type D and SI scores were best predicted by a model including avoidance scores and education level while NA scores were best predicted by a model including avoidance scores. Standard cut-off scores on the DS-14 scale resulted in four groups (i.e., low SI and NA, high SI, high NA, and Type D) which significantly differed in avoidance scores. Specifically, Type D individuals had higher avoidance scores than the other three groups. Taken together these findings support a role for avoidance in Type D personality. The computer-based avatar avoidance task may be particularly relevant as an ecologically valid measure to identify avoidance in a virtual setting for use with individuals expressing Type D personality who may be unwilling or unable to accurately self-report or describe their own avoidant tendencies.
Patterns of Neural Functional Connectivity in Infants at Familial Risk of Developmental Dyslexia
Authors: Yu Xi , Ferradal Silvina , Dunstan Jade , Carruthers Clarisa , Sanfilippo Joseph , Zuk Jennifer , Zöllei Lilla , Gagoski Borjan , Ou Yangming , Grant P. Ellen , Gaab Nadine 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceDevelopmental dyslexia is a heritable learning disability affecting 7% to 10% of the general population and can have detrimental impacts on mental health and vocational potential. Individuals with dyslexia show altered functional organization of the language and reading neural networks; however, it remains unknown how early in life these neural network alterations might emerge.ObjectiveTo determine whether the early emergence of large-scale neural functional connectivity (FC) underlying long-term language and reading development is altered in infants with a familial history of dyslexia (FHD).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included infants recruited at Boston Children’s Hospital between May 2011 and February 2019. Participants underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in the Department of Radiology at Boston Children’s Hospital. Infants with FHD were matched with infants without FHD based on age and sex. Data were analyzed from April 2019 to June 2021.ExposuresFHD was defined as having at least 1 first-degree relative with a dyslexia diagnosis or documented reading difficulties.Main Outcomes and MeasuresWhole-brain FC patterns associated with 20 predefined cerebral regions important for long-term language and reading development were computed for each infant. Multivariate pattern analyses were applied to identify specific FC patterns that differentiated between infants with vs without FHD. For classification performance estimates, 99% CIs were calculated as the classification accuracy minus chance level.ResultsA total of 98 infants (mean [SD] age, 8.5 [2.3] months; 51 [52.0%] girls) were analyzed, including 35 infants with FHD and 63 infants without FHD. Multivariate pattern analyses identified distinct FC patterns between infants with vs without FHD in the left fusiform gyrus (classification accuracy, 0.55 [99% CI, 0.046-0.062]; corrected P &amp;lt; .001; Cohen d = 0.76). Connections linking left fusiform gyrus to regions in the frontal and parietal language and attention networks were among the paths with the highest contributions to the classification performance.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that on the group level, FHD was associated with an early onset of atypical FC of regions important for subsequent word form recognition during reading acquisition. Longitudinal studies linking the atypical functional network and school-age reading abilities will be essential to further elucidate the ontogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of dyslexia.