bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Monitoring System for Thermocouple Inhomogeneity Equipment
Authors: Nugraha H , Imaduddin A , Achmadi A , Suryadi  , Wismogroho A S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Thermocouple inhomogeneity equipment was developed to measure the Seebeck coefficient characteristic in each wire position based on the effect of temperature exposure along the thermocouple wire. Temperature and distance sensors are used to measure the temperature output of the heating system and the movement of the thermocouple position. We developed a real-time measurement system to monitor the measurement of the thermocouple sensor based on a microcontroller. This monitoring system is needed to monitor changes in the ice bath during measurement, if the ice bath was unstable or being melting, it can affect the output voltage of the thermocouple. The program was compiled and uploaded to ESP 32 then monitoring data with an open-source internet of things called Thingspeak was used as a platform to retrieve and display the collected data. Real-time monitoring of distance from ultrasonic and temperature of heat source (heat gun) can be accessed through web applications and smartphones. The data were analyzed based on conditions for Seebeck value of inhomogeneity and validated with standard calibration using the liquid bath. This study has been considered successfully implemented that performs on IoT platforms and was adaptively ready to monitor thermocouple inhomogeneity equipment.
Design of Borehole Seismometer Based on MEMS Accelerometer
Authors: Cysela R Y , Setiawan T , Fatkhan  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Conventional seismometers use coil as the main sensor. Coil is relatively cheap, but in order to cover low frequency range, it becomes frail and has inappropriate a sampling rate. To overcome the limitation of conventional seismometers we use a MEMS sensor. The sensor is made from glass and silicon substrate which has no harmonic frequency characterization. It enables covering wide bandwidth with low frequency cover and high sampling rate response with high sensitivity. The usage of MEMS in electronics such as disk drive heads and inkjet printer heads. MEMS sensor also is used in different domains which include medical, automotive, communications and defence. This paper described a borehole seismometer that was composed of a MEMS accelerometer colibrys 1500SN. An arduino micro controller. Based on data calibration and physical simulation, MEMS sensor offers the potential to reduce costs while improving data quality.
Surface stability and electronic structure of CuNi alloy (111) as a potential catalyst for graphene growth-a density-functional theory study
Authors: Yutomo E B , Noor F A , Winata T 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Controlling the number of graphene layers during its growth is essential in realizing its practical application as a transparent conductive electrode. Growth with CuNi alloy catalysts can effectively control the number of graphene layers. However, research at the experimental level has not been supported by research at the theoretical level. Therefore, we will study the growth of graphene on a CuNi catalyst using the density functional theory (DFT). However, in this paper, we only focus on studying the stability of the surface of CuNi as a preliminary study. Based on geometry optimization, CuNi (111) has a wrinkled surface in the slab model due to the anisotropy shift of the atoms. Furthermore, CuNi (111) has a surface energy of 1.511 J/m2, which is between the surface energies of its components. This condition indicates that CuNi (111) has excellent stability. When forming CuNi alloy, electrons in the Cu 4s and Ni 3d orbitals have an enormous contribution in forming the metallic bonds indicated by a significant shift of the band center energy and change of the number of states at the Fermi level. Our results show that the CuNi system can become a potential catalyst for graphene growth.
Physical properties of Sidikalang robusta coffee beans medium roasted from various colors of coffee cherries
Authors: Yusibani E , Putra R I , Rahwanto A , Surbakti M S , Rajibussalim  , Rahmi  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the physical properties of medium roasted Sidikalang robusta coffee beans that originated from various colors of coffee cherries. A semi-wet method has been applied for each coffee cherry with a range of fruit ripeness (green, yellow, orange, bright red and dark red). The physical properties measurements include mass loss, mass density, porosity, and water content. After roasted for medium level, the coffee density is difference for each coffee cherries colors namely 0.42 g/cm3 (green cherries), 0.31 g/cm3 (yellow cherries), 0.40 g/cm3 (orange cherries), 0.34 g/cm3 (bright red cherries), and 0.25 g/cm3 (dark red cherries). The mass declined after medium roasted is 16.82% (green cherries), 17.00% (yellow cherries), 18.70% (orange cherries), 18.32% (bright red cherries) and 16.76% (dark red cherries). The coffee beans porosity difference before and after medium roasted is decreases by 13.56% for green cherries and 16% for yellow cherries and increased by 12.22 (orange cherries), 3.44% (bright red cherries), and 6.88% (dark red cherries). Finally, the water content of coffee beans was 8.38% (green cherries), 9% (yellow and orange cherries), 7.91% (bright red cherries), and 10.83% (dark red cherries). The present study concludes that cherries colors have influenced the coffee bean’s physical properties before and after medium roasting.
The Study of the Swelling Degree of the PVA Hydrogel with varying concentrations of PVA
Authors: Asy-Syifa Nabila , Kusjuriansah  , Waresindo William Xaveriano , Edikresnha Dhewa , Suciati Tri , Khairurrijal Khairurrijal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hydrogel is composed of a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymers and can swell when placed in an aqueous media. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a common polymer used to produce hydrogels because it has biocompatibility, non-toxicity, chemical stability, low cost, and excellent mechanical strength. In this study, the PVA solutions were prepared with concentrations of 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12% in distilled water. The precursor solutions underwent a freeze-thaw cycle with a freezing temperature of -25 °C for 20 hours and a thawing temperature of 37 °C for 4 hours and carried out for 6 cycles. The swelling degree and the gel fraction of the hydrogel were then determined. From the swelling degree results, the increase of the PVA concentration in the precursor solutions reduced the swelling degree of the hydrogel. Based on the gel fraction test, it was revealed that all PVA concentrations have approximately the same value of gel fraction at 97%. Additionally, the viscosity and the density were also measured. Both showed an increasing trend with the addition of PVA concentration, where the viscosity values from the smallest to highest concentrations were 12.4944, 34.1737, 93.8491, and 216.2979 cP while the density values were 0.9865, 0.9871, 0.9878, and 0.9885 gram.cm-3.
A facile approach for preparing Zr-BDC and Zr-BDC-NH2 MOFs using solvothermal method
Authors: Rahmidar Lena , Gustaman Syarif Dani , Suyatman  , Nugraha  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the last two decades, researchers have developed new compounds made of central metals that bond in coordination with organic ligands as linkers (for example, benzene-dicarboxylic acid or BDC). These compounds are called metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) which are also known as coordination polymer compounds. MOFs have large surface area and porosity so they can be used for various purposes, such as for adsorption and removal of hazardous materials of CO2 and Hg. Here, we proposed a facile solvothermal method for preparing two kinds of MOFs with Zr as a central metal, i.e. Zr-BDC and Zr-BDC-NH2. The synthesized MOFs were characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and BET. The results show that both MOFs have a crystalline structure with cubic form on the surface of MOFs. Results of the FTIR analysis show the peak at 3400 1/cm that is due to the stretching of O-H bonds of both MOFs. In the Zr-BDC-NH2, peak at 1378 1/cm represents the stretching of N-H bonds in the amino benzene-dicarboxylic or terephthalic acid linker. The surface areas of Zr-BDC and Zr-BDC-NH2 MOFs are 714 and 757 m2/g, respectively. We will utilize these MOFs as a sensor for HER2 protein, a biomarker of breast cancer.
Computational fluid dynamics analysis of the natural circulation system in vertical heater horizontal cooler (VHHC) molten salt loop
Authors: Hariyanto Duwi , Waris Abdul , Suprijadi  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Molten salt has attracted the attention of researchers, especially as a coolant because of its characteristics. This study aimed to analyse the transient and steady-state of the natural circulation system in the molten salt loop with vertical heater and horizontal cooler using computational fluid dynamics. The computational fluid dynamics module in the COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to solve governing equations. Experimental data from several references were used as input data in modelling. The loop was modelled as a rectangular loop with Inconel 625 as the pipe material and molten salt (NaNO3+KNO3) as the working fluid. The variation of heater power was also carried out in modelling. The modelling results showed a good agreement with the experimental results. The results provided that the molten salt natural circulation loop with vertical heater and horizontal cooler showed good flow stability without reversal of flow direction.
The effect of Copper utilization on MSFR’s safety plug performance simulation by using MPS
Authors: Yanti Nita Juli , Mustari Asril Pramutadi Andi , Hidayati Anni Nuril , Aprianti Nur Asiah 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Generation IV reactors are developed and expected to have a higher safety level than the previous reactors. One of the generation IV reactors is Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) with the freeze plug and drainage pipe as the integrated safety system. When an accident occurs, the fuel flows down, directly interacts and melts the freeze plug. Moreover, the fuel will be cooled at the safety tank. This research aims to simulate the freeze plug melting process by using Moving Particle Semi Implicit (MPS) method. MPS is a particle method based on Lagrangian mechanism developed by Koshizuka and Oka in 1996. Mainly, the freeze plug consisted of frozen salt and Hastelloy N. There were two kinds of freeze plug geometry used in the simulation, which were without and with copper. The copper thickness was varied between 1.5 - 3.0 mm with 0.5 mm intervals. The additional copper thickness was performed toward the inside of the freeze plug. The height and the radius of freeze plug were 30 mm. The thickness of Hastelloy N and the copper were 8.5 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. S-curve temperature distribution was initially applied due to the heat transfer between molten salt and the freeze plug material. The results show the melting time of with and without copper cases were 125 s and 250 s, respectively. Moreover, the thicker copper led to the faster freeze plug melting process.
Implementation of LSD Fission Barrier in Fission Cross Section Calculations
Authors: Kurniadi Rizal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the fission cross-sections of Th-232(n, f) and U-238(n, f) have been calculated using the fission barrier parameter obtained from Lublin-Strassbourg Drop Model (LSD) in the statistical model framework. This model has been derived from the modern liquid drop (NLD) by adding a first-order curvature term that depends on the deformation parameter. This term has resulted from the implementation of Leptodermous expansion of nuclear energy. The deformation function involved in LSD formulation is obtained from Funny Hills nuclear shape parameterization. The obtained results would be compared with another result calculated using ETFSI (Extended Thomas Fermi and Strutinsky Integral) method and experimental fission cross-section extracted from ENDF data.
Simple Qualitative Modelling of Particle Size Analysis using Ray Tracing Method
Authors: Yulita D , Putra M I R , Dini S U , Erlina  , Jessika  , Pradana A , Handayani M , Anshori I 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Understanding particle size analysis is essential for pharmaceutical, mining, environmental, coatings, and other industries. Although there are numerous technologies that can be utilized to take particle size measurements, the results of those measurements are presented automatically and are sometimes difficult to understand. In this study, using the ray-tracing method, simple qualitative modelling of particle size analysers can be developed. The laser is positioned as the initial position of the light source in x and y directions. The cell is pictured by cuvettes with four surfaces clear, and the particle is modelled as a sphere. Reflection of a single ray of the laser beam on many spheres can be performed using single ray reflection on a single sphere consecutively until the beam leaving the observation region or arriving at a light sensor. Then with vector formulation of ray direction after reflection on many spheres system

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Study of Lysine and Asparagine as Capping Agent for Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Tsalsabila A , Herbani Y , Sari Y W 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The wide application of gold nanoparticles has attracted much attention to the development of research in gold nanoparticles. In this study, the gold nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction method using potassium tetrachloroaurate as the gold source and sodium borohydride as reducer agent. The formation of gold nanoparticles was confirmed by surface plasmon spectra in ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy at wavelength 507 nm. The capping process of gold nanoparticles was studied using two different charges of amino acids. The asparagine had used as uncharge amino acid and lysine as a positive charge amino acid. The redshift in surface plasmon spectra showed the aggregation of the gold nanoparticles after being capped with amino acids that indicates the surface modification. The amine and carboxylate group was present on the gold nanoparticle surface after being capped with amino acids. The zeta potential results indicate the lysine capped gold nanoparticles have slightly higher stability than the asparagine capped gold nanoparticles. These stability and surface modification of gold nanoparticles are expected to increase their utilization on biological and medical applications.
DFT study of lithium diffusion in pristine La2O3
Authors: Lasiman E T , Naufal F D , Anshor M F , Syafira A Z F , Setianto D , Ubaidillah A , Rendy B , Komalig R W M , Nuruddin A , Saputro A G , Shukri G 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Surface coating can suppress side reactions between electrode and electrolyte in Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs) but may also affect the Li mobility when shuttling into / out from the electrode of a LIB. Lanthanum Oxide (La2O3) coating has been experimentally shown to enhance LIB performance. In this study, we investigate the diffusion of Li in pristine La2O3 to understand the enhanced electrochemical performance of several La2O3-coated Li-ion battery cathodes. We used Density Functional Theory (DFT) with Climbing Image Nudged Elastic Band (CI-NEB) to calculate the energy barrier and the diffusivity of Li. We considered three pathways, i.e., the octahedral-to-octahedral path (O-O), octahedral-tetrahedral-octahedral path (O-T-O), and octahedral-tetrahedral-tetrahedral-octahedral path (O-T-T-O), and our results suggest that the O-O pathway has the lowest Li energy barrier of 0.09 eV. This finding suggests that Li will preferably diffuse along the [010] direction. Furthermore, we find that Li will diffuse more slowly along the [001] direction.
Anomaly Detection of Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) Equipment Based on Embedding Position Variational Auto-Encoder
Authors: Jie Mei , Ming Zhu , Yongka Qi , Ming Fu , Hui Xu , Dexin Nie , Yongxiang Li 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is one of the most important power devices in the power system. Once a fault occurs, it is difficult to determine and locate the fault due to its fully enclosed nature, which may lead to greater accidents and huge losses. Many GIS anomaly detection methods based on vibration and deep learning (DL) have been developed in recent years. However, these DL-based methods only utilize one single sampling point data on GIS, while not all faults are reflected at the points currently in use due to the signal attenuation. In this paper, an embedded position variational auto-encoder (EP-VAE) model for anomaly detection of GIS devices is presented, which can model multipoint vibration signals. We fuse the position information and the corresponding one dimension vibration signal to the two dimension grayscale images by Gram matrix. Then, the normal grayscale images are feed into the EP-VAE model, which is optimized by KL divergence and reconstruction error jointly. In the test phase, when one of these two losses is higher than the normal images, it is identified as an abnormal fault. We use the vibration data from the actual operation of GIS to carry out the anomaly detection experiments. The results show that our model EP-VAE has a detection accuracy of 93.12% for normal vibration grayscale images, and an abnormality detection accuracy of 87.94%.
Evacuation Simulation of Large Theater Based on Pyrosim and Pathfinder
Authors: Zhang Hui , Miao Zhi-hong , Lv Hong-ni , Leng Zhi-ling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Large-scale theaters with dense personnel are novel and unique, but there are many potential hidden dangers. Once an unexpected accident or disaster occurs, it is easy to cause crowd panic, and leads to congestion of evacuation path, aggravation of evacuation difficulty, crowding, stampede, and other group injuries. Therefore, studying the architectural characteristics of large theaters and evacuation behavior under fire can provide reference for the evacuation of such buildings and the preparation of emergency plans. This study took a large theater that can accommodate more than 1500 people as the research object, built a 3D model based on BIM, used Pyrosim and Pathfinder simulation software to simulate the smoke diffusion and personnel evacuation in the case of the building fire, observed whether all personnel could evacuate within the safe evacuation time, and analyzed the existing problems in the evacuation process. According to the results, it was difficult to evacuate due to the high crowd density and complex composition of large theaters. In short, appropriately increasing the width of evacuation doors and ensuring the normal operation of firefighting facilities can ensure the safe evacuation of personnel.
A Multi-Scale Brain Tumor Segmentation Method based on U-Net Network
Authors: Zhang Fuchun , Wu Liang , Wang Yuwen , Yang Yue , Li Meng , Li Jitao , Xu Yike 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Brain tumor is a serious threat to human health. Because the size and shape of brain tumors can be uneven, irregular and unstructured. Automatic segmentation of tumors from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a challenging task. Brain tumor segmentation using computer-aided diagnosis has important clinical significance for the prognosis and treatment of patients. The traditional U-Net network can not take full advantage of context information, which is easy to cause the loss of effective information of image. Therefore, we propose a multi-scale segmentation method for brain tumors based on U-Net network, in which a multi-scale module for feature extraction is added between down-sampling and up-sampling. The brain tumor public dataset BraTS2020 is used for testing. Dice coefficient was used as the evaluation index, and our experimental method made the average dice of the whole tumor area, core tumor area and enhanced tumor area reach 87.57%, 86.20% and 84.24%, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed method has comparable precision with typical brain tumor segmentation methods.
Research on fault diagnosis of drive motor based on MATLAB / Simulink simulation
Authors: Xia Faying , Fang Yi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Drive motor, as the “heart” of electric vehicles, is the only power source of the vehicle. Its healthy state directly affects the driver’s driving experience and even threatens personal safety. In this paper, the fault diagnosis of drive motor is studied, including the introduction of fault diagnosis and drive motor, and the fault classification and simulation analysis of drive motor. Taking the permanent magnet synchronous motor as an example, the model of the drive motor is built based on MATLAB / Simulink simulation software, and the current and speed changes of the drive motor under normal and fault conditions are compared and analyzed. Finally, the future development trend of drive motor in electric vehicles and the development of fault diagnosis technology are prospected.
GBAS flight test integrity simulation evaluation
Authors: Liu Ruihua , Liu Chang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the navigation performance of the conventional ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) Category I precision approach phase, the performance ver ification of the integrity technology of the GBAS based on BeiDou satellite navigation system is studied. The integrity and system pseudo-range error models of the CAT I precision approach based on BeiDou are investigated, combined with the provisions in relevant standards and the calculation method of integrity. The experimental results show that the integrity data calculated by the system meets the CAT I precision approach integrity requirements of the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics specification and provides a timely warning when anomalies occur in the pseudo-rang error model through changes in the protection level.
Power distribution abnormal data identification and processing system based on correlation classification
Authors: Bin Dongmei , Yu Tong , Ling Ying , Chen Wendi , Lu Liyu , Chen Haiguang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
when the conventional system classifies the power distribution data, the data category is not fine enough, resulting in low accuracy of abnormal data identification, high false detection rate and large correction error. A power distribution abnormal data identification and processing system based on correlation classification is proposed. In terms of hardware, multi-layer framework is adopted, and the overall hardware structure of the system is composed of communication modules, so as to optimize the power distribution data and signal acquisition circuit and suppress signal noise; In terms of software, set the data classification convergence conditions, iteratively increase the number of distribution data clustering centers until the convergence conditions are met, realize the fine correlation classification of data, draw the classified data curve, obtain the normal data feasible region, judge that there are abnormalities in the data beyond the feasible region, and use the vertical comparison method for correction. The results show that the designed system improves the accuracy of abnormal data identification, reduces the false detection rate and correction error, and the accuracy of abnormal data identification and processing is better than that of the conventional system.