bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of crude polysaccharide from seaweed, Dictyopteris divaricata (CDDP) on gut microbiota restoration and anti-diabetic activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1DM mice
Authors: Siddiqui Nimra Zafar , Rehman Ata Ur , Yousuf Waleed , khan Asif Iqbal , Farooqui Nabeel Ahmed , Zang Shizhu , Xin Yi , Wang Liang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractType-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is regarded as a multifunctional, immune-related disease which causes massive destruction of islet β-cells in pancreas resulting in hyperglycemic, hypoinsulinemia and hyperlipidimic conditions. The aim of the present study, was to investigate the hypothesis that streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1DM in Balb/c mice when treated with crude polysaccharide from seaweed, Dictyopteris divaricata (CDDP) depicts improvement in diabetes-related symptoms. Treatment with CDDP resulted in decreased body weight loss, improved food consumption and water intake disbalances. The CDDP effectively improved fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), serum insulin, insulin secretion, rejuvenation of β-cells mass, serum lipid profile and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. Additionally, treatment with CDDP increased the population of beneficial bacteria such as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus at phylum, family and genus levels by 16S rRNA sequencing. Furthermore, immunohistological examination confirmed that CDDP reduces the inflammation and restored the structural morphology of colon and upraised the levels of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), Mucin-2 (MUC-2) and tight-junction proteins (TJs) whereby maintaining the gut structures and barrier permeability. Thus, the above presented data, highlights the safe and therapeutic effects of crude polysaccharide (CDDP) from D. divaricata in the treatment and restoration of T1DM disorders and can be used as a food supplement alternative to diabetes medicine.
Aquaporin-4 cerebrospinal fluid levels are higher in neurodegenerative dementia: looking at glymphatic system dysregulation
Authors: Arighi Andrea , Arcaro Marina , Fumagalli Giorgio Giulio , Carandini Tiziana , Pietroboni Anna Margherita , Sacchi Luca , Fenoglio Chiara , Serpente Maria , Sorrentino Federica , Isgrò Giovanni , Turkheimer Federico , Scarpini Elio , Galimberti Daniela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAquaporin-4 (AQP4) is a channel protein that plays a fundamental role in glymphatic system, a newly described pathway for fluid exchange in the central nervous system, as well as a central figure in a fascinating new theory for the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In this study, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of AQP4, amyloid-β, total tau and P-tau were determined in 103 CSF samples from patients affected by neurodegenerative dementias (AD and FTD) or psychiatric diseases and 21 controls. Significantly higher levels of AQP4 were found in AD and FTD patients compared to subjects not affected by neurodegenerative diseases, and a significant, positive correlation between AQP4 and total tau levels was found. This evidence may pave the way for future studies focused on the role of this channel protein in the clinical assessment of the glymphatic function and degree of neurodegeneration.
Effects of biochar on soil microbial diversity and community structure in clay soil
Authors: Zhang Jing , Shen Jiang-Long 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We determined the microbial community diversity and structure in soil samples under different amounts of biochar added. Meanwhile, we also researched the relationships between soil microbial and soil physicochemical properties.

Method
In this study, a field experiment was set up, with a total of three experimental treatments: no biochar application, 10 t/m3 biochar application, and 20 t/m3 application. High-throughput sequencing technologies were used for soil samples of different treatment groups to understand soil microbial diversity and community structure.

Results
We found that the soil physicochemical properties after biochar addition were better than those without biochar addition, and the alpha diversity was higher in biochar addition level of 20 t/m3 than other processing groups. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla of this study. The dominant genera were Skermanella, Nostoc, Frankia, and Unclassified-p-protecbacteria. At the gate level, Actinobacteria had significant differences among the three groups with different addition amounts. The microbial community structure was mainly influenced by soil porosity, soil moisture content, nitrogen fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer other than soil phosphate fertilizer and organic matter.

Conclusions
The results suggested that changes under different amounts of biochar added generate changes in soil physicochemical properties and control the soil composition of microbial communities. This provides a new basis for soil improvement.
Joint scatterer localization and material identification using radio access technology
Authors: Geng Yi , Shrestha Deep , Yajnanarayana Vijaya , Dahlman Erik , Behravan Ali 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCellular network technologies and radar sensing technologies have been developing in parallel for decades. Instead of developing two individual technologies, the 6G cellular network is expected to naturally support both communication and radar functionalities with shared hardware and carrier frequencies. In this regard, radio access technology (RAT)-based scatterer localization system is one of the important aspects of joint communication and sensing system that uses communication signals between transceivers to determine the location of scatterers in and around the propagation paths. In this article, we first identify the challenges of the RAT-based scatterer localization system and then present single- and multiple-bounce reflection loss simulation results for three common building materials in indoor environments. We also propose two novel methods to jointly localize and identify the type of the scatterers in a rich scattering environment.
Burden and trends of brain and central nervous system cancer from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and country levels
Authors: Fan Yang , Zhang Xian , Gao Chao , Jiang Shuai , Wu Haoze , Liu Zhanhui , Dou Taotao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Regularly updated epidemiological data on the burden of brain and central nervous system (CNS) cancers are important in the prioritization of research and the allocation of resources. This study aimed to investigate incidence, mortality, disability, and trends in brain and CNS cancers between 1990 and 2019.

Methods
Epidemiological data, including the cancer incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years(DALYs), age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALY rate (per 100,000 population) stratified by region, country, sex, and age group were retrieved and extracted using the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) query tool.

Results
In 2019, there were 347,992(262,084–388,896) global cases of brain and CNS cancers, which showed a significant increase (94.35%) from the period between 1990 to 2019. The global ASIR in 2019 was 4.34 (3.27–4.86) per 100, 000 population, which showed an increasing trend for the years 1990–2019 (13.82% [-27.27–32.83]). In 2019, there were 246,253 (185,642–270,930) global deaths caused by brain and CNS cancers, which showed a significant increase (76.36%) during the study period. The global ASMR in 2019 was 3.05(2.29–3.36) per 100, 000 population, which did not change significantly over the study period (-1.19% [-36.79–13.86]). In 2019, there were 8,659,871 DALYs, which was a 109.04% increase compared with 1990. Similarly, during 1990–2019, the age-standardized DALY rate decreased by 10.39%. Additionally, 76.60% of the incident cases, 72.98% of the deaths, and 65.16% of the DALYs due to brain and CNS cancers occurred in the high-income and upper-middle-income regions.

Conclusions
In conclusion, brain and CNS cancers remain a major public health burden, particularly in high-income regions. The global incidence, deaths, and DALYs of brain and CNS cancers were shown to have increased significantly from 1990 to 2019. The global ASIR kept rising steadily, while the ASMR and age-standardized DALY rate declined over the past three decades.
Scatter-hoarding birds disperse seeds to sites unfavorable for plant regeneration
Authors: Sorensen Marjorie C. , Mueller Thomas , Donoso Isabel , Graf Valentin , Merges Dominik , Vanoni Marco , Fiedler Wolfgang , Neuschulz Eike Lena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractScatter-hoarding birds provide effective long-distance seed dispersal for plants. Transporting seeds far promotes population spread, colonization of new areas, and connectivity between populations. However, whether seeds transported over long distances are deposited in habitats favorable to plant regeneration has rarely been investigated, mainly due to methodological constraints. To investigate dispersal patterns and distances of Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra) seeds we utilized advances in tracking technology to track the movements of their sole disperser, the spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes). We found routine individual movements between single seed harvesting and seed caching site. Harvesting sites of individual birds overlapped, whereas seed caching sites were separated and located on average 5.3 km away from the harvesting site. Interestingly, most distant caching sites were located at low elevations and in spruce forest, where Swiss stone pine does not naturally occur. This suggests that nutcrackers disperse seeds over long distances but that a large portion of these seeds are cached outside the known pine habitat. Therefore, we conclude that the implications of such long-distance seed dispersal movements for plant populations should be carefully considered in combination with the effects of habitat quality on plant recruitment.
Effect of mesoscale eddies on the transport of low-salinity water from the Bay of Bengal into the Arabian Sea during winter
Authors: Zhu Jiechao , Zhang Yuhong , Cheng Xuhua , Wang Xiangpeng , Sun Qiwei , Du Yan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe distribution of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BoB) is in contrast due to differences in air-sea freshwater fluxes and river runoff inputs. The monsoon-induced inter-basin water exchange plays an important role in regional salinity balance and atmosphere–ocean feedback in the North Indian Ocean. The satellite SSS data set reveals that significant intraseasonal variability of SSS occurs in the region south of the Indian Peninsula with the strongest amplitude in winter. A case study in autumn-winter of 2016 showed that the Northeast Monsoon Current (NMC) and mesoscale eddies play a dominant role in the intraseasonal variability of the SSS in the region south of the Indian peninsula. In November, the East India Coastal Current (EICC) transports the low-salinity water southward to the region east of Sri Lanka. Meanwhile, a cyclonic eddy develops and moves westward south of the NMC. Both NMC and the cyclonic eddy advects the low-salinity water westward to the region south of the Indian Peninsula. Then, an anticyclonic eddy generates in the north of the NMC. Thus, an eddy pair forms for more than one and a half months, which develops and propagates westward, transporting low-salinity water westward. The perturbation of mesoscale eddies and SSS difference between BoB and AS leads to the significant intraseasonal variability of SSS.
Influence of operating conditions on solar energy utilization efficiency of flat plate solar collector
Authors: Xiao Shubo , Zhang Ying , Xia Kuiming , Long Jibo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor the last 20 years, solar collectors have been developing rapidly in the use of energy in buildings. Under experimental conditions, the solar energy utilization efficiency (SEUE) of flat plate solar collectors (FPSC) can reach more than 80%, but the engineering application of SEUE is low, and even the collector heating cannot meet the design requirements. In this paper, based on the existing thermal performance of FPSC, the influence of ambient meteorological parameters and hot water system operation parameters on SEUE is studied using experimental tests and analytical calculations. The results reflected that the collectors connected to the auxiliary heaters will affect SEUE, with series-connected systems having greater SEUE than parallel-connected systems. When the solar radiation intensity was low, the SEUE of parallel-connected systems was more likely to be negative. Under calculated conditions, when the water inlet temperature was 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C, the SEUE of the collector was 0%, and the corresponding solar radiation intensity was 113, 184, 225, and 328 W/m2, respectively. Reducing the average water temperature of the collector can reduce the heat loss in the energy conversion process between the collector and the air and increase the SEUE. When the solar radiation intensity was 500 W/m2, the collector inlet temperature decreases from 50 °C to 30 °C, and the SEUE increased from 20.9% to 38.5%. The research results can provide a parameter basis for the design of the FPSC system, especially the connection mode of collector and auxiliary heat device, and the design of system water temperature.
The triply periodic minimal surface-based 3D printed engineering scaffold for meniscus function reconstruction
Authors: Li Lan , Wang Peng , Jin Jing , Xie Chunmei , Xue Bin , Lai Jiancheng , Zhu Liya , Jiang Qing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
The meniscus injury is a common disease in the area of sports medicine. The main treatment for this disease is the pain relief, rather than the meniscal function recovery. It may lead to a poor prognosis and accelerate the progression of osteoarthritis. In this study, we designed a meniscal scaffold to achieve the purposes of meniscal function recovery and cartilage protection.

Methods
The meniscal scaffold was designed using the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) method. The scaffold was simulated as a three-dimensional (3D) intact knee model using a finite element analysis software to obtain the results of different mechanical tests. The mechanical properties were gained through the universal machine. Finally, an in vivo model was established to evaluate the effects of the TPMS-based meniscal scaffold on the cartilage protection. The radiography and histological examinations were performed to assess the cartilage and bony structures. Different regions of the regenerated meniscus were tested using the universal machine to assess the biomechanical functions.

Results
The TPMS-based meniscal scaffold with a larger volume fraction and a longer functional periodicity demonstrated a better mechanical performance, and the load transmission and stress distribution were closer to the native biomechanical environment. The radiographic images and histological results of the TPMS group exhibited a better performance in terms of cartilage protection than the grid group. The regenerated meniscus in the TPMS group also had similar mechanical properties to the native meniscus.

Conclusion
The TPMS method can affect the mechanical properties by adjusting the volume fraction and functional periodicity. The TPMS-based meniscal scaffold showed appropriate features for meniscal regeneration and cartilage protection.
Experienced based co design: nursing preceptorship educational programme
Authors: Hardie Philip , Murray Aidan , Jarvis Suzi , Redmond Catherine ,   Co Design Team, Bough Ashley , Bourke Louise , Brereton Siobhan , Darley Andrew , Fahy Trish , Fitzgerald Jade , Fogarty Liam , Gilmartin Brenda , Guilfoyle Caoimhe , Gilmore John , Hennessy Dawn , Kazimierowiska Julia , Langan Lisa , McEvoy Eoin , Melbourne Joy , Murphy Claire , Dhomhnail Catrina Ni , O’Donovan Roisin , O’Sullivan Claire , Owens Jacinta , Slattery Maria , Serb Oana , Walsh Grace , Whelan Maureen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients play a central role in nursing preceptorship relationships, a professional educational relationship between a staff nurse and student nurse that is grounded in providing patient care. Yet the patient experiences and perspectives are largely uncaptured in the literature or represented in current preceptorship education programmes. Furthermore, the lack of student, staff nurse & patient involvement in the design of preceptorship education programmes has been noted.

Objective
To use a co-design process to develop an innovative educational programme for developing interpersonal and communication skills among nurses who act as preceptors. We sought to (a) clarify experiences and events from all three members involved in a preceptorship relationship (student nurse, preceptor, and patient (SPP) in order to develop a shared understanding of nursing preceptorship relationships and (b) identify the key informational and educational needs recommended by SPP for the educational programme.

Methods
Using the principles and the iterative process of Experienced Based Co Design (EBCD), data was collected from qualitative interviews and used to inform a series of co-design workshops and the co-production of the new educational programme.

Results
Twenty-six individuals, including undergraduate student nurses, staff nurses, patients, and a team of nursing, educational and educational technologist experts, contributed to developing a blended learning preceptorship educational programme that consists of three core elements (1) six online reusable learning objects, (2) two role play simulations and (3) a virtual reality storytelling simulated experience.

Conclusions
The EBCD process ensured that the educational programme was developed to meet SPP viewpoints associated with fostering positive interpersonal relationships in a nursing preceptorship. EBCD is a valuable framework for developing human-centred educational resources that combine experiential knowledge (experiences) and scientific knowledge (literature-based knowledge). It facilitated the identification and the development of Interpersonal and Communications skills (IP & C skills) training required within a nursing preceptorship relationship, creating an authentic and memorable learning programme. The structure of EBCD harnesses SPP involvement throughout the research and development process, ensuring transparency and continuity of message, scope, and outcomes.
A rare complication of hemolacria after Le fort I osteotomy: a case presentation
Authors: Helal May S. , Gaber Ramy M. , El-Kassaby Marwa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NDO) is a common pathology preventing the proper drainage of the tears, and its main symptom is epiphora. Secondary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (SANDO) can be due to a variety of causes including infection, trauma, or neoplasms. It has been reported to occur with different forms of maxillofacial trauma, especially Le Fort II, Le Fort III, naso-orbital-ethmoidal, and orbital floor fractures.

Case presentation
A 20-year-old Egyptian female presented to correct a facial disharmony due to a cleft lip and palate defect. The patient reported a history of congenital NDO and had deficient lateral nasal walls. Bimaxillary surgery was planned, including a Le Fort I osteotomy for the maxilla and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for the mandible. The surgery was uneventful, but the patient complained from bloody tears or hemolacria few days postoperatively. This complication began to cease spontaneously after 2 days and completely recovered after 4 days.

Conclusion
Hemolacria is an infrequent finding after maxillofacial surgeries and may be associated with CLP surgeries more than other surgeries. In this case, it was easily managed, and surgeons should be more aware of it to try to prevent its occurrence.
Changes in Medicare Reimbursement for Common Gastroenterology Services Over 15 Years: 2007–2022
Authors: Khunte Mihir , Dang Nhu , Zhong Anthony , Kumar Soryan , Kamp Kendra , Shah Samir A. 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
We evaluated trends in Medicare reimbursement for common gastrointestinal (GI) services from 2007 to 2022.

METHODS:
Top GI procedures and office/inpatient visits were identified. The Physician Fee Schedule Look-Up Tool from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services was queried to extract reimbursement data. Reimbursement trends were analyzed, accounting for inflation.

RESULTS:
GI procedures exhibited an average decrease in unadjusted and adjusted reimbursement of 7.0% and 33.0%, respectively. Reimbursement for patient visits exhibited an inflation-adjusted decrease of 4.9%.

DISCUSSION:
The analysis revealed a steady decline in adjusted reimbursement for both GI procedures and patient visits in the past 15 years.
Histologic Activity in an Endoscopically Normal-Appearing Pouch Predicts Future Risk of Pouchitis in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Gupta Akshita , Kizza Jennifer F.N. , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N. 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The impact of histologic inflammation on subsequent risk of acute pouchitis in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been robustly examined.

METHODS:
We examined the association between histologic inflammation in endoscopically normal-appearing ileal pouches in patients with UC with subsequent risk of antibiotic-responsive acute pouchitis.

RESULTS:
Among 163 study patients, 53% had histologic inflammation in an endoscopically normal-appearing ileal pouch. Histologic inflammation in the pouch was associated with an increased risk of pouchitis (24.1% vs 6.8%, adjusted odds ratio 4.41, 95% confidence interval 1.48–13.20).

DISCUSSION:
Histologic inflammation in an endoscopically normal pouch was associated with an increased risk of acute pouchitis.
Risk of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients With Celiac Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Doyle John B. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Askling Johan , Forss Anders , Green Peter H.R. , Roelstraete Bjorn , Söderling Jonas , Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Celiac disease (CD) is associated with many immune-mediated conditions, but a definitive epidemiological association between CD and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been established. We quantified the risk of JIA and RA among patients with CD using a population-based cohort.

METHODS:
We identified patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven CD between 2004 and 2017 using data from a national histopathology cohort in Sweden. Each patient was matched by age, sex, calendar year, and geographic region to reference individuals in the general population. We calculated the incidence and estimated the relative risk, through Cox proportional hazards models, of JIA in individuals with CD aged <18 and of RA in individuals with CD aged ≥18.

RESULTS:
We identified 24,014 individuals with CD who were matched to 117,397 reference individuals from the general population. Among individuals aged <18, the incidence rate of JIA was 5.9 per 10,000 person-years in patients with CD and 2.2 per 10,000 person-years in the general population (n events = 40 and 73, respectively; hazard ratio [HR] 2.68, 95% confidence interval 1.82–3.95) over a follow-up of 7.0 years. Among individuals aged ≥ 18, the incidence of RA was 8.4 per 10,000 person-years in CD and 5.1 per 10,000 person-years in matched comparators (n events = 110 and 322, respectively; HR 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.36–2.12) over a follow-up of 8.8 years.

DISCUSSION:
Among children with CD, JIA develops nearly 3 times as often as it does in the general population, and among adults with CD, RA occurs nearly 2 times as often. Clinicians caring for patients with CD with joint symptoms should have a low threshold to evaluate for JIA or RA.