bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association study identifies candidate genes and favorable haplotypes for seed yield in Brassica napus
Authors: Liu Haijiang , Zou Maoyan , Zhang Bingbing , Yang Xinyu , Yuan Pan , Ding Guangda , Xu Fangsen , SHI LEI 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most essential oil crops. Genetic improvement of seed yield (SY) is a major aim of B. napus breeding. Several studies have been reported the genetic mechanisms of SY of B. napus. Here, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of SY was conducted using a panel of 403 natural accessions of B. napus, with more than five million high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A total of 1773 significant SNPs were detected associated with SY and 783 significant SNPs were co-located with previously reported QTLs. The lead SNPs chrA01__8920351 and chrA02__4555979 were jointly detected in Trial 2_2 and Trial 2_mean value, and in Trial 1_2 and Trial 1_mean value, respectively. Subsequently, two candidate genes of BnaA01g17200D and BnaA02g08680D were identified by combining transcriptome, candidate gene association analysis and haplotype analysis. BnaA09g10430D detected through lead SNP chrA09__5160639 was associated with SY of B. napus. Our results provide valuable information for studying the genetic control of seed yield in B. napus and can provide valuable genes, haplotypes and cultivars resources for the breeding of high seed yield B. napus cultivars.
Thermal performance assessment of a passive mixed-mode solar dryer
Authors: Missana Wenceslaus Pantaleo , Mashingo Peter Paul 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Solar energy is becoming increasingly important as an alternative energy source due to the demand for new energy and environmental concerns about reducing greenhouse gasses. Food scarcity and agricultural product loss are currently affecting the world as a result of poor drying and storage methods, which result in post-harvest losses. The developed passive mixed-mode solar dryer was tested at daytime, from 9:00 to 18:30 hours. The study focuses on the thermal evaluation of the passive mixed mode solar dryers using experimental methodologies. The solar dryer achieved a maximum air-drying temperature of 69.2°C while the flat plate solar collector achieved 68.8°C respectively. The average air-drying temperature was 50.1°C, while an ambient average temperature was 29°C. This research demonstrates that a passive mixed mode solar dryer can effectively dry food and benefiting the community.
Disruption of grin2B, an ASD-associated gene, produces social deficits in zebrafish.
Authors: Zoodsma Josiah D. , Keegan Emma , Moody Gabrielle R. , Bhandiwad Ashwin A. , Napoli Amalia J. , Burgess Harold A. , Wollmuth Lonnie P. , Sirotkin Howard I. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), like many neurodevelopmental disorders, has complex and varied etiologies. Advances in genome sequencing have identified multiple candidate genes associated with ASD, including dozens of missense and nonsense mutations in the NMDAR subunit GluN2B, encoded by GRIN2B. NMDARs are glutamate-gated ion channels with key synaptic functions in excitatory neurotransmission. How alterations in these proteins impact neurodevelopment is poorly understood, in part because knockouts of GluN2B in rodents are lethal. Here, we demonstrate that zebrafish GluN2B displays similar structural and functional properties to human GluN2B. Using CRISPR-Cas9, we generated fish lacking all functional GluN2B (grin2B-/-) and surprisingly found that they survive into adulthood. Given the prevalence of social deficits in ASD, we assayed social preference in the grin2B-/- fish. Wild-type fish develop a strong social preference by 3 weeks post fertilization (wpf). In contrast, grin2B-/- fish at this age exhibit significantly reduced social preference. This phenotype is specific for GluN2B and not due to general NMDAR dysfunction, as frameshift mutations in other NMDAR subunits do not generate social deficits. Notably, the lack of GluN2B does not result in a broad disruption of neurodevelopment, as grin2B-/- larvae do not show alterations in spontaneous or photic-evoked movements, are capable of prey capture, and exhibit learning capabilities. Whole-brain imaging of grin2B-/- larvae revealed a reduction in inhibitory neurons in the subpallium, a region linked to ASD in humans, but showed that overall brain size and E/I balance in grin2B-/- is comparable to wild-type. Together, these findings highlight the specific role of GluN2B in ASD etiologies and establishing a disease-relevant in vivo model for future studies.
Effectiveness of Cognitive Health Focused Training on body mass index and quality of life among obese adults during pandemic
Authors: Ramaiah Ramasubbamma , Saranya Nikitha , Alshahrani Shadia Hamoud , Sampayan Eva Lobelle , Arrab Mervat Mostafa . , Mohamed Sana Ahmed Mahmoud , Natarajan Jansi Rani , Viole Josephine Mary , Duraisamy Kalaiselvi , Ahmed Rasha Elsayed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The overall prevalence of obesity among adolescents was estimated to be 9.9% in India. Patients with morbid obesity are at higher risk for health complications, such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, hypertension, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea and other breathing problems and some forms of cancer. They frequently suffer from low self-esteem, impaired body image, and depression. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Health Focused Training (CHF-T) on body mass index and quality of life among obese adults. Methodology: A quasi experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of CHF-T among obese adults in selected community area, Kelambakkam, Chennai. Samples were selected by non-probability convenient sampling as per the inclusion criteria; 30participants were assigned as experimental group and 30 in control group. CHF-T was given and the level of obesity was assessed by calculating the body mass index (BMI), and the quality of life (QOL) was assessed using the adopted Moorhead quality of life questionnaire.Results: In the experimental group, there significant reduction in the mean BMI score and improve in QOL score in post-test compared to pre-test. Sex and hours spend on television had statistically significant association with posttest level of BMI at p<.01 and p<.05 level. No statistically significant association related to QOL. Conclusion: Cognitive Health Focused Training (CHF-T) among obese people was an effective method in reducing the BMI and increasing QOL. It needs commitment of the healthcare professional to create awareness among the public.
Ring stage classification of Babesia microti and Plasmodium falciparum using optical diffraction 3D tomographic technique
Authors: Mazigo Ernest , Jun Hojong , Oh Jeonghun , Malik Wasiq , Louis Johnsy Mary , Kim Tong-Soo , Lee Se Jin , Na Sunghun , Chun Wanjoo , Park Won Sun , Park Yong-Keun , Han Eun-Taek , Kim Min-Jae , Han Jin-Hee 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Babesia is an intraerythrocytic parasite that has always been misdiagnosed to malaria parasite, rendering to inappropriate treatment of the disease especially in co-endemic areas. Unlike Plasmodium species, intraerythrocytic cycles of Babesia including their invasion, growth, division, and egress are still not fully understood. In recent years, optical diffraction tomography (ODT) has shown great potential in the field of pathogen detection by virtue quantification of three-dimensional imaging tomograms. Methods: The early ring stage of P. falciparum and B. microti were obtained from the infected patients during diagnosis. The ODT technique was applied to analyze and characterize detailed differences at the single cell level between P. falciparum and B. microti ring stage. Based on three-dimensional quantitative information, accurate measurement was performed in morphological, biochemical, and biophysical parameters. Results: Accurate measurements indicated actual differences in morphological parameters in which the host cell surface area at the ring stage in B. microti was significantly smaller than P. falciparum, and sphericities showed higher levels in B. microti parasitized cells. Based on biochemical parameters, host cell hemoglobin level significantly increased and membrane fluctuation were more active fluctuating in P. falciparum than B. microti infected cells. The result indicates that P. falciparum more actively altered host RBCs. Conclusion: Although P. falciparum and B. microti showed often confusable characteristics under the microscopy, the actual three-dimensional properties are different. These differences could be used in differential clinical diagnosis of erythrocytes infected with B. microti and P. falciparum.
Pyroptosis-related subtypes predict the prognosis, tumor immune microenvironment and guide chemotherapy and immunotherapy in bladder cancer
Authors: Wu Tielin , Li Sheng , Yu Chao , Wu Yuanbo , Long Huimin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough immunotherapy has revolutionized bladder cancer (BLCA) therapy, only few patients demonstrate durable clinical benefits due to the heterogeneity. Emerging evidence has linked pyroptosis to shaping tumor microenvironment (TME) and predicting therapy response. However, the relationship between pyroptosis and immunotherapy response in BLCA remains elusive.MethodsDifferentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes (DEPRGs) between tumor and normal tissues were identified using publicly available datasets. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to screen for DEPRGs associated with survival. Consensus clustering was used for BLCA subtyping. TME characteristics were evaluated by CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE and immune checkpoint genes (ICGs). Following univariate COX regression and LASSO analyses with pyroptosis-related DEGs, the risk model and nomogram were constructed with TCGA dataset and validated in the GEO dataset. Furthermore, therapeutic responses in high- and low-risk groups were compared using TIDE and GDSC databases.ResultsTwo pyroptosis-related subtypes (Cluster 1 and 2) were identified based on expression patterns of GSDMA and CHMP4C. Bioinformatic analyses showed that cluster 1 had poor survival, more M0/M1/M2 macrophages, higher immune/stromal/ESTIMATE scores, and higher expression levels of ICGs. A 15-gene signature for predicting prognosis could classify patients into high- and low-risk groups. Furthermore, the correlation of risk scores with TIDE score and IC50 showed that patients in low-risk group were more sensitive to immunotherapy, whereas patients in high-risk group could better benefit from chemotherapy.ConclusionOur study identified two novel pyroptosis-related subtypes and constructed a risk model, which can predict the prognosis, improve our understanding the role of PRGs in BLCA, and guide chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
A facile and efficient synthesis of highly functionalized pyrroles via a four-component one-pot reaction in the presence of Ni(II) Schiff base/SBA 15 heterogeneous catalyst
Authors: Bardajee Ghasem Rezanejade , Mahmoodian Hossein , Boraghi Seyed Ata , Aghazadeh Fatemeh , Rezanejad Zahir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Under favorable conditions, we have designed a one-pot multicomponent reaction combining aromatic amines, aldehydes, nitroalkanes, and 1-dicarbonyl compounds in conjunction with the presence of the Ni(II)-Schiff base/SBA-15 as a heterogeneous catalyst to generate a range of functionalized pyrroles in reasonable to excellent yields. We present a methodology that results in a high yield percentage, a short reaction time of approximately 8 hours, mild reaction conditions of 70°C, a wide range of substrates, the possibility of large-scale synthesis, low cost, and the avoidance of hazardous reagents/solvents. In addition, this method can synthesize more desirable pyrroles by adding or altering numerous functional groups to the reactants in a one-pot process. Specifically, a Hammett plot variant was employed to evaluate the reaction effectively.
Multiple-Drug Resistant Shiga Toxin-Producing E.Coli in Raw Milk of Dairy Bovine in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Safir , KHAN SAEED UL HASSAN , Rasheed Faisal , Khan Muhammad Asim , Rizwan Muhammad , Riaz Muhammad Hasnain , Ahmad Irshad , zeb tariq 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) also known as verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC), strains are zoonotic pathogens and can cause severe diseases in humans, such as diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. E. coli O157:H7 is the most well-known serotype of this group. Ruminants are the main reservoir of these bacteria and contaminated raw milk is the key source of the infection. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is harboring, drug-resistant genes in dairy bovine raw milk samples received from street vendors, milk shops, and dairy farms in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The current study was carried out to investigate the presence of various STEC strains in raw milk of dairy bovine. Out of 800 milk samples, 321 (40.5%) samples were positive for E. coli. Further investigation of E. coli through multiplex PCR for the presence of four virulence genes i.e., stx1, stx2, eae, ehxA revealed that 40 out of 321 (5.0%) positive samples were belonging to STEC strains of various serotypes and were positive for one or more virulence genes. STEC isolates were checked for their antibiotic susceptibility to 12 antibiotics and showed resistance to a range of antimicrobial agents. The highest percentages of resistance were detected for ceftriaxone (72%), Amoxicillin (68%), and penicillin (59%) followed by Augmentin (50%), and the highest susceptibility was found for Norfloxacin (54%) followed by Enrofloxacin (50%). STEC strains showed 27.5% ability to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and genotypically presence with the bla ctxm gene. STEC strains isolated from milk, and dairy products respectively were multi-drug resistant. These results highlight the potential threat to public health and necessitate the adoption of appropriate control measures to minimize the threat.
Changing clinical manifestations of Gaucher disease in Taiwan
Authors: Lu Wen-Li , Chien Yin-Hsiu , Tsai Fuu-Jen , Hwu Wuh-Liang , Chou Yen-Yin , Chu Shao-Yin , Li Meng-Ju , Lee An-Ju , Liao Chao-Chuan , Wang Chung-Hsing , Lee Ni-Chung 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by deficient glucocerebrosidase activity that results from biallelic mutations in the GBA gene. Its phenotypic variability allows GD to be classified into 3 subtypes based on the presence and extent of neurological manifestations. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been available for all patients with GD in Taiwan since 1998. Newborn screening (NBS) for GD has been available since 2015. This study attempted to unveil the clinical features of patients diagnosed with GD at different eras in Taiwan.
Materials and methods
Data from the health records of two tertiary hospitals responsible for two-thirds of the patients with GD in Taiwan were used. The study population included all patients identified as having GD between 1998 and April 2022 in these two hospitals for review. A total of 42 individuals were included.
Results
Compared to that reported worldwide, our cohort presented a higher proportion of GD3 individuals, both by clinical suspicion and by NBS diagnosis. The major subtypes that were recognized following NBS diagnosis were GD2 and GD3. The majority of GD patients carry at least one p.Leu483Pro variant. The 5-year survival rates were 0% for GD2 patients and 100% for patients with other subtypes. Patients diagnosed in the post-NBS era were free of symptoms on initial presentation, except for those with the GD2 subtype. For those diagnosed earlier, ERT proved to be effective in terms of improved hemograms and prevented bone crises. However, the neurological symptoms of GD3 patients progressed despite ERT intervention.
Conclusion
ERT is essential in reversing the hematological presentations and preventing the skeletal complications of GD. Timely diagnosis of GD with NBS allows for early intervention with ERT to prevent disease progression and complications. However, the need for effective intervention for neurological dysfunction remains unmet.
Radiographical characteristics and traction duration of impacted maxillary canine requiring surgical exposure and orthodontic traction
Authors: Yang Jin-Seob , Cha Jung-Yul , Lee Ji-Yeon , Choi Sung-Hwan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to classify the radiographical characteristics of impacted maxillary canines that were surgically exposed followed by orthodontic traction and to investigate the correlation between these characteristics and the traction duration for impacted maxillary canines. This retrospective study enrolled 74 patients with 87 maxillary canines. Cone beam computed tomography images, panoramic radiographs, and medical records were analyzed. Cyst formation and resorption of adjacent roots were observed in 26.4% and 23.0% of cases, respectively. Impacted maxillary canines were mostly distributed in the lateral incisor area. The average traction duration for 47 teeth that met the study criteria was 13.9±8.9 months. The distance from the maxillary canines to the occlusal plane (3c-OP) and to the midline and the angle between the midline and maxillary canines showed a statistically significant correlation with traction duration (p<0.05). The 3c-OP showed the strongest correlation with traction duration (r=0.519, p<0.01). The traction duration of impacted maxillary canines was most strongly related to its distance from the occlusal plane rather than the angle. Using the characteristics of impacted maxillary canines based on their mesiodistal position and correlation with traction duration may facilitate proper diagnosis and treatment planning for impacted maxillary canines.
The role of podiatry in the early identification and prevention of lower limb venous disease: an ethnographic study
Authors: Roberts Peter James Joseph , Ousey Karen , Barker Caroline , Reel Sarah 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Lower limb venous disease can cause significant pain, loss of mobility, and can be detrimental to an individual’s quality of life. Manifestations of venous disease often pose a substantially negative impact on patients and place a high demand on finite healthcare resources. Whilst this problem is internationally recognised, the majority of research and discourse has predominantly focussed on treatment of leg ulceration and prevention of recurrence. Prevention of lower limb venous disease progression to the first ulceration has received far less attention. Overall, the care of this condition appears to rest in the domain of medicine and nursing yet podiatry, a profession with responsibility for the lower limb and foot, is conspicuous by its absence from the literature.
Methods
An ethnographic approach was used to gather data from 26 participants through observation, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group interview. Qualitative analysis was conducted using the framework approach.
Results
The findings revealed an identity crisis within the podiatry profession. Evidence emerged of ritual and routine practices that did not include lower limb venous disease. External control over practice limited the professional autonomy of podiatrists determining their own activities. Inter-professional relationships with nursing, and perceptions of boundaries that venous disease was a nursing role were also found to be limiting factors.
Conclusions
This research revealed that podiatry does not occupy a substantive role in contributing to the early identification and prevention of lower limb venous disease. Policy, education, research and practice changes are all required to enhance the contribution of podiatry to reduce the burden of this disease.
Elevated endothelial dysfunction related biomarker levels indicate the severity and predict the incidence of sepsis
Authors: Zhou Gaosheng , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Hongmin , Wang Xiaoting , Liu Dawei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The present study assessed to investigate the relationship between the serum endothelial dysfunction-related biomarker levels and the severity of organ dysfunction in septic patients. Methods: In total, 105 patients admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine were enrolled between September 2020 and November 2021. The levels of serum syndecan-1, soluble thrombomodulin(sTM) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Clinical and laboratory data were also recorded. Results: The enroll patient were divided into three groups: Infection group (n = 28), septic non-shock group (n = 31), and septic shock group (n = 46). Serum syndecan-1level (102.84 ± 16.53 vs. 55.38 ± 12.34 ng/mL), and sTM(6.60 ± 1.44 ng/mL vs. 5.23 ± 1.23 ng/mL, P < 0.01) in the septic group were clearly increased compared with the in infection group respectively. Besides, the serum syndecan-1 level was closely positively correlated with the serum sTM (rs = 0.712, r2 = 0.507, P < 0.001). Moreover, either serum syndecan-1(rs = 0.687, r2 = 0.472, P < 0.001) or sTM levels (rs = 0.6, r2 = 0.36, P < 0.01), was significantly positively correlated with the sequential organ failure assessment scores respectively. For the sepsis diagnosis, the results indicate Syndecan-1 (AUC 0.89 ± 0.04, P < 0.001) was more valuable for prediction than sTM (AUC 0.77 ± 0.06, P < 0.001). And for the septic shock diagnosis, the results indicate Syndecan-1 (AUC 0.95 ±0.02, P < 0.001) as the best predictor as well as SOFA score (AUC 0.95 ± 0.02, P < 0.001), compared with sTM (AUC 0.88 ± 0.03, P < 0.001).Conclusions: Serum syndecan-1, sTM levels were associated with the severity of organ dysfunction in septic patients, and serum syndecan-1, sTM levels were good for early identification of septic, particularly septic shock patients.
Geometry Parameter Estimation for Sparse X-ray Log Imaging
Authors: Senchukova Angelina , Suuronen Jarkko , Heikkinen Jere , Roininen Lassi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We consider geometry parameter estimation in industrial sawmill fan-beam X-ray tomography. In such industrial settings, scanners do not always allow identification of the location of the source-detector pair, which creates the issue of unknown geometry. This work considers two approaches for geometry estimation. Our first approach is a calibration object correlation method in which we calculate the maximum cross-correlation between a known-sized calibration object image and its filtered backprojection reconstruction and use differential evolution as an optimiser. The second approach is projection trajectory simulation, where we use a set of known intersection points and a sequential Monte Carlo method for estimating the posterior density of the parameters. We show numerically that a large set of parameters can be used for artefact-free reconstruction. We deploy Bayesian inversion with Cauchy priors for synthetic and real sawmill data for detection of knots with a very low number of measurements and uncertain measurement geometry.