bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Pharmacological Effects of Phenylephrine are Indirect, Mediated by Noradrenaline Release from the Cytoplasm
Authors: Al-Khrasani Mahmoud , Karadi David A. , Galambos Anna R. , Sperlagh Beata , Vizi E. Sylvester 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhenylephrine (PE) is a canonical α1-adrenoceptor-selective agonist. However, unexpected effects of PE have been observed in preclinical and clinical studies, that cannot be easily explained by its actions on α1-adrenoceptors. The probability of the involvement of α2- and β-adrenoceptors in the effect of PE has been raised. In addition, our earlier study observed that PE released noradrenaline (NA) in a [Ca2+]o-independent manner. To elucidate this issue, we have investigated the effects of PE on [3H]NA release and α1-mediated smooth muscle contractions in the mouse vas deferens (MVD) as ex vivo preparation. The release experiments were designed to assess the effects of PE at the presynaptic terminal, whereas smooth muscle isometric contractions in response to electrical field stimulation were used to measure PE effect postsynaptically. Our results show that PE at concentrations between 0.3 and 30 µM significantly enhanced the resting release of [3H]NA in a [Ca2+]o-independent manner. In addition, prazosin did not affect the release of NA evoked by PE. On the contrary, PE-evoked smooth muscle contractions were inhibited by prazosin administration indicating the α1-adrenoceptor-mediated effect. When the function of the NA transporter (NAT) was attenuated with nisoxetine, PE failed to release NA and the contractions were reduced by approximately 88%. The remaining part proved to be prazosin-sensitive. The present work supports the substantial indirect effect of PE which relays on the cytoplasmic release of NA, which might explain the reported side effects for PE.
Morphometric analysis of low mountains for mapping flash flood susceptibility in headwaters
Authors: Víg Balázs , Fábian Szabolcs Ákos , Czigány Szabolcs , Pirkhoffer Ervin , Halmai Ákos , Kovács István Péter , Varga Gábor , Dezső József , Nagy Gábor , Lóczy Dénes 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMorphometric indices from high-resolution DEMs can contribute to the estimation of flash flood susceptibility in mountainous areas. We have screened 25 morphometric indices commonly used in literature, and based on a correlation matrix, selected those which showed the strongest relationship with flash flood generation: area (A), drainage texture (Rt), drainage density (Dd), elongation ratio (Re), form factor (Ff), lemniscate method (k), Gravelius coefficient (GC), forested area (Fa) and relief ratio (Rr). Among them Dd, Rt and Rr had a direct impact on flash flood generation, while A, Re, Fa, Ff, k and GC are in inverse relationship with the intensity of flash floods. Our summary map shows the prioritization of the watersheds on a scale of 0 to 9. The flash flood susceptibility ranking was empirically verified using hydrological data (20-year water regime obtained from 14 official stream gauges). Our conclusions only partially agree with former observations which may be explained by the particular lithology and morphology of the Mecsek Mountains. Since the lower sections of the watersheds are urbanized, for optimal watershed management more detailed GIS analyses of anthropogenic controls on flash flood hazard are needed in the future.
Health-related quality of life in adults with low-grade gliomas: a systematic review
Authors: Rimmer Ben , Bolnykh Iakov , Dutton Lizzie , Lewis Joanne , Burns Richéal , Gallagher Pamela , Williams Sophie , Araújo-Soares Vera , Menger Fiona , Sharp Linda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Low-grade glioma (LGG) patients may face health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) impairments, due to the tumour, treatment and associated side-effects and prospects of progression. We systematically identified quantitative studies assessing HRQoL in adult LGG patients, for: aspects of HRQoL impacted; comparisons with non-cancer controls (NCC) and other groups; temporal trends; and factors associated with HRQoL.

Methods
MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and PsycINFO were systematically searched from inception to 14th September 2021. Following independent screening of titles and abstracts and full-texts, population and study characteristics, and HRQoL findings were abstracted from eligible papers, and quality appraised. Narrative synthesis was conducted.

Results
Twenty-nine papers reporting 22 studies (cross-sectional, n = 13; longitudinal, n = 9) were identified. Papers were largely good quality, though many excluded patients with cognitive and communication impairments. Comparators included high-grade gliomas (HGG) (n = 7); NCCs (n = 6) and other patient groups (n = 3). Nineteen factors, primarily treatment (n = 8), were examined for association with HRQoL. There was substantial heterogeneity in HRQoL instruments used, factors and aspects of HRQoL assessed and measurement timepoints. HRQoL, primarily cognitive functioning and fatigue, in adult LGG patients is poor, and worse than in NCCs, though better than in HGG patients. Over time, HRQoL remained low, but stable. Epilepsy/seizure burden was most consistently associated with worse HRQoL.

Conclusion
LGG patients experience wide-ranging HRQoL impairments. HRQoL in those with cognitive and communication impairments requires further investigation. These findings may help clinicians recognise current supportive care needs and inform types and timings of support needed, as well as inform future interventions.
Stabilized explicit $$u-p_w$$ solution in soil dynamic problems near the undrained-incompressible limit
Authors: Navas Pedro , Stickle Miguel M. , Yagüe Angel , Manzanal Diego , Molinos Miguel , Pastor Manuel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTraditionally, Biot’s formulation is employed to model the behavior of saturated soils. The $$u-p_w$$

u
-

p
w

(solid displacement–pore water pressure) formulation can be considered as the standard one, since involves a good computational performance together with excellent accuracy for slow and moderate speed phenomena. Dynamic processes can be studied even if the acceleration of the water is neglected, what occurs in the undrained limit. It is well-known that $$u-p_w$$

u
-

p
w

formulation might display instabilities in the undrained-incompressible limit. Several techniques have been proposed to overcome this issue, principally within an implicit time integration scheme for small strains. In this paper, a robust implementation of the divergence of the momentum equation technique is presented for an explicit $$u-p_w$$

u
-

p
w

approach within the framework of optimal transportation meshfree scheme at finite strain. Several examples are provided in order to assess the good performance of the proposed methodology.
Usefulness of peripherally inserted central catheter port system (PICC-PORT) implantation in the sitting position: a new technique for cases unsuitable for conventional implantation
Authors: Narita Akiko , Takehara Yumi , Maruchi Yuki , Matsunaga Nozomu , Ikeda Shuji , Izumi Yuichiro , Ota Toyohiro , Suzuki Kojiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Totally implantable central venous access port implantation is typically performed in the supine position. However, some patients cannot adopt the supine position due to severe pain and/or dyspnea. The present study evaluated the technical feasibility of peripherally inserted central catheter port system (PICC-PORT) implantation in the sitting position in such cases.

Materials and methods
In the sitting position method, PICC-PORT implantation was performed with the patients seated on a videofluoroscopy chair positioned between the limbs of an angiographic C-arm and the operative upper arm positioned on an arm stand.
From January 2019 to September 2021, eight patients underwent PICC-PORT implantations using this sitting method. We also evaluated 251 consecutive patients with conventional supine position PICC-PORT implantation as controls. Differences in technical success, procedure time and complications were retrospectively assessed between the two groups.

Results
Procedural success rates were 100% in both groups. Median procedure times in the sitting and conventional groups were 42 and 44 min, respectively. No complications were observed in the sitting group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in procedure time (p = 0.674) and complications (p = 1.000).

Conclusion
Implantation of PICC-PORT in the sitting position is technically feasible and useful.
Das Potenzial offener Listen für die Wahl von Frauen zum Bundestag. Ergebnisse eines Survey-Experiments
Authors: Rudolph Lukas , Däubler Thomas , Menzner Jan 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungFrauen sind im Bundestag unterrepräsentiert, insbesondere unter Parteien in und rechts der Mitte. Quotenregeln als vieldiskutierte Lösung greifen jedoch stark in die Freiheiten von Parteien, Kandidat*innen und Wähler*innen ein. Die Option offener Wahllisten hingegen findet wenig Aufmerksamkeit, obwohl sie verfassungsrechtliche Grundsatzprobleme vermeiden würde. Wir untersuchen daher, wie viele Wählerinnen und wie viele Wähler – insgesamt und nach Partei – in Deutschland auf offenen Listen für Kandidatinnen stimmen würden. Theoretisch erwarten wir, dass insbesondere Wählerinnen, Wähler*innen linker Parteien und Wähler*innen mit hoher Themensalienz bezüglich Geschlechtergerechtigkeit Präferenzen für Kandidatinnen ausdrücken. Zudem erwarten wir, dass Wähler*innen ungleich besetzte Listen tendenziell in Richtung Parität ausgleichen. Unser Forschungsdesign basiert auf einem Online-Umfrageexperiment ($$N=2640$$

N
=
2640

) mit einer quotenrepräsentativen Stichprobe der deutschen Wahlbevölkerung. Befragte wählten zwischen Listen der im Bundestag vertretenen Parteien, mit je vier fiktiven Kandidat*innen. Der Frauenanteil auf jeder Liste variierte zufällig zwischen 25 und 75 %, ebenso ob Listen geschlossen oder offen präsentiert wurden. Wir zeigen, dass Wähler wie Wählerinnen das Kandidat*innengeschlecht gemäß oben genannter theoretischer Erwartungen in ihre Wahlentscheidung einfließen lassen. Unsere Ergebnisse lassen damit vermuten, dass Kandidatinnen aufgrund ihres Geschlechts wohl insgesamt kaum benachteiligt würden, es aber Subgruppen in der Bevölkerung gibt, die sich bewusst für männliche Politiker entscheiden (Wähler der FDP, Wählerinnen der AfD). Insgesamt zeigt unser Beitrag, dass offene Listenwahlsysteme es Wähler*innen nicht nur ermöglichen, ihre Präferenzstimme im Sinne von Geschlechterrepräsentation einzusetzen, sondern dass Wähler*innen diese Möglichkeit auch nutzen. Hervorzuheben ist dabei auch die Tendenz, dass Wähler*innen über Parteielektorate hinweg ungleiche Listenvorschläge der Selektorate ausbalancieren. Die Debatte zur Reform des Wahlrechts sollte einer Einführung offener Listen deshalb mehr Beachtung schenken.
Ecological vulnerability assessment of the Ya’an-Qamdo section along the southern route of the Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor
Authors: Bao Fang , Qiu Jian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIdentifying the ecological vulnerability of the sensitive and fragile ecosystem of the Ya’an-Qamdo section along the southern route of the Sichuan-Tibet transport corridor is of paramount importance to reduce environmental damage resulting from infrastructure construction. This paper divided the Ya’an-Qamdo transport section into 22 subzones according to their ecological environment characteristics. Based on the vulnerability evaluation model established by the fuzzy matter-element analysis method, the eight main assessment indicators of ecological vulnerability were windstorm, rainstorm, snowstorm, extreme temperature, extreme air pressure, geological hazard, natural conditions, and social resources. The rating and ranking of vulnerability in each subzone were based on the weight of the judgment indicators. Scientific processes were used to verify the rationality of both the indicators themselves and their weights. The results of this study show that subzone 9, located in the subalpine cold and humid forest and scrubland zone, is the most vulnerable, and subzone 1, located in the low- to mid-land warm and humid forest zone, is the least vulnerable. The conclusion of the study suggests that targeted measures of ecological protection should be formulated before development and construction of major transportation infrastructure. Construction should evade the most vulnerable areas, and in-depth research on ecological restoration should be carried out in low- to mid-vulnerability areas so that the ecological environment along the route can be protected effectively for sustainable economic and social development.
Early Bleeding After Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Management — a 21-Year Experience
Authors: Odovic Maja , Clerc Daniel , Demartines Nicolas , Suter Michel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Morbidity and mortality associated with bariatric surgery are considered low. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence, clinical presentation, risk factors, and management of early postoperative bleeding (POB) after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass (RYGB).

Materials and Methods
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of consecutive patients who underwent RYGB in 2 expert bariatric centers between January 1999 and April 2020, with a common bariatric surgeon.

Results
A total of 2639 patients underwent RYGB and were included in the study. POB occurred in 72 patients (2.7%). Intraluminal bleeding (ILB) was present in 52 (72%) patients and extra-luminal bleeding (ELB) in 20 (28%) patients. POB took place within the first 3 postoperative days in 79% of patients. The most frequent symptom was tachycardia (63%). Abdominal pain was more regularly seen with ILB, compared to ELB (50% vs. 20%, respectively, p = 0.02). Male sex was an independent risk factor of POB on multivariate analysis (p < 0.01). LOS was significantly longer in patients who developed POB (8.3 vs. 3.8 days, p < 0.01). Management was conservative for most cases (68%). Eighteen patients with ILB (35%) and 5 patients with ELB (25%) required reoperation. One patient died from multiorgan failure after staple-line dehiscence of the excluded stomach (mortality 0.04%).

Conclusion
The incidence of POB is low, yet it is the most frequent postoperative complication after RYGB. Most POB can be managed conservatively while surgical treatment is required for patients with hemodynamic instability or signs of intestinal obstruction due to an intraluminal clot.

Graphical abstract
Gender and Age Stereotypes in Robotics for Eldercare: Ethical Implications of Stakeholder Perspectives from Technology Development, Industry, and Nursing
Authors: Weßel Merle , Ellerich-Groppe Niklas , Koppelin Frauke , Schweda Mark 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSocial categorizations regarding gender or age have proven to be relevant in human-robot interaction. Their stereotypical application in the development and implementation of robotics in eldercare is even discussed as a strategy to enhance the acceptance, well-being, and quality of life of older people. This raises serious ethical concerns, e.g., regarding autonomy of and discrimination against users. In this paper, we examine how relevant professional stakeholders perceive and evaluate the use of social categorizations and stereotypes regarding gender and age in robotics for eldercare. Based on 16 semi-structured interviews with representatives from technology development, industry, and nursing science as well as practice, we explore the subjects’ awareness, evaluations, and lines of argument regarding the corresponding moral challenges. Six different approaches of dealing with categorizations and stereotypes regarding gender and age in care robotics for older people are identified: negation, functionalistic relativization, explanation, neutralization, stereotyping, and queering. We discuss the ethical implications of these approaches with regard to professional responsibility and draw conclusions for responsible age tech in pluralistic societies.
“We Live Just Like a Normal Family”: Exploring Local Renderings of the Global HIV Normalisation Discourse Among Serodiscordant Couples in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Persson Asha , Kelly-Hanku Angela , Mek Agnes , Mitchell Elke , Trumb Richard Nake , Worth Heather , Bell Stephen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe contemporary global discourse of “HIV normalisation” is intimately linked to the scientific consensus that, with effective antiretroviral therapy, an “undetectable” viral load renders HIV “non-infectious” and “untransmittable” between sexual partners. Beyond this correlation, HIV normality is rarely defined, leaving the impression that it is an objective and universally applicable phenomenon. But what does normality mean in settings where these concepts are not widely known or part of local understandings of HIV? Our research in Papua New Guinea with “serodiscordant” couples (one partner has HIV, but not the other) found that while HIV normality was a widespread narrative, it pivoted on culturally specific values and expectations, not on undetectability. We argue that narrow assumptions of what constitutes “HIV normalisation” limit our capacity to understand how global discourses can translate and manifest in local contexts and with what consequences for personal lives, relationships, and the epidemic.
Biofilm as an adaptation strategy to extreme conditions
Authors: Parrilli Ermenegilda , Tutino Maria Luisa , Marino Gennaro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiofilm is the most successful and widely distributed form of life on earth, it is not simply structured collections of cells attached to surfaces but is a dynamic complex biological system able to respond to environmental changes. The biofilm characteristics make it unique and central to microbial evolution and adaptation. The ability to establish biofilms is a key trait for microorganisms growing in extreme environments like extreme temperature, high radiation, acidic or alkaline pH values, heavy metal pollution, and high salinity. In this article, we report the main features of biofilm and how these characteristics make biofilms a successful survival strategy in extreme conditions. All aspects examined in this article help to explain why biofilms are a successful survival strategy in extreme conditions and why the ability to establish biofilms is a key trait for microorganisms growing in extreme environments.
Freehand power-assisted pedicle screw placement in scoliotic patients: results on 5522 consecutive pedicle screws
Authors: Faldini C. , Barile F. , Viroli G. , Manzetti M. , Ialuna M. , Traversari M. , Paolucci A. , Rinaldi A. , D’Antonio G. , Ruffilli A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPedicle screws is the current gold standard in spine surgery, achieving a solid tricolumnar fixation which is unreachable by wires and hooks. The freehand technique is the most widely adopted for pedicle screws placing. While freehand technique has been classically performed with manual tools, there has been a recent trend toward the use of power tools. However, placing a pedicle screw remains a technically demanding procedure with significant risk of complications. The aim of this article is to retrospectively evaluate safety and accuracy of free-hand power-assisted pedicle screw placement in a cohort of patients who underwent correction and fusion surgery for scoliosis (both idiopathic and non-idiopathic) in our department. A retrospective review of all patients with scoliosis who underwent surgery and received a postoperative CT scan in our department in a 9-year period was undertaken. Screw density, number and location of pedicle screws were measured using pre and postoperative full-length standing and lateral supine side-bending radiographs. Then, postoperative CT scan was used to assess the accuracy of screw placement according to Gertzbein-Robbins scale. Malpositioned screws were divided according to their displacement direction. Finally, intra and postoperative neurological complications and the need for revision of misplaced screws were recorded. A total of 205 patients were included, with a follow-up of 64.9 ± 38.67 months. All constructs were high density (average density 1.97 ± 0.04), and the average number of fusion levels was 13.72 ± 1.97. A total of 5522 screws were placed: 5308 (96.12%) were grade A, 141 (2.5%) grade B, 73 (1.32%) grade C. Neither grade D nor grade E trajectories were found. The absolute accuracy (grade A) rate was 96.12% (5308/5522) and the effective accuracy (within the safe zone, grade A + B) was 98.6% (5449/5522). Of the 73 misplaced screws (grade C), 59 were lateral (80.80%), 8 anterior (10.95%) and 6 medial (8.22%); 58 were in convexity, while 15 were in concavity (the difference was not statistically significant, p = 0.33). Intraoperatively, neither neurological nor vascular complications were recorded. Postoperatively, 4 screws needed revision (0.072% of the total): Power-assisted pedicle screw placing may be a safe an accurate technique in the scoliosis surgery, both of idiopathic and non-idiopathic etiology. Further, and higher quality, research is necessary in order to better assess the results of this relatively emerging technique.
Age of Uranium Mineralisation from North Delhi Fold Belt (NDFB): Evidences from U-Pb, Pb-Pb and Sm-Nd Systematics
Authors: Pandey U. K. , Tripathi B. K. , Bisht B. S. , Sunil Kumar T.S. , Saravanan B. , Sinha D. K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Results of multi-method geochronological study (U-Pb, Pb-Pb and Sm-Nd), on uranium mineralized rocks along the albitite line in the North Delhi Fold Belt (NDFB, Rajasthan, India) are presented. The Pb-Pb ages obtained, on uranium mineralized core samples, from Rohil uranium deposit, Sikar district, Rajasthan (south western part of NDFB), are 836 ± 5 Ma (Pb Sequential Leaching-PbSL, weighted average of 11 isochron ages), 826 ± 9 Ma (Pb-Pb isochron age on uraninite), 842 ± 18 Ma (U-Pb concordia upper intercept age, on uraninite). Similar ages of uraninites were also obtained from areas close to Rohil uranium deposit i.e. Jahaz (823 ± 10 Ma, U-Pb and 826 ± 14 Ma, Pb-Pb) and Ghateshwar areas (834 ± 14 Ma, U-Pb concordia upper intercept age and 826 ± 25 Ma, Pb-Pb isochron age). The ages of uranium mineralisation (PbSL) further in northeastern part of NDFB i.e. in Gorir area, Jhunjhunu district, Rajasthan, are 827 ± 7 Ma, 818 ± 24 Ma (PbSL) and in Dhancholi area, Mahendragarh Dist., Haryana, are 824 ± 12 Ma (U-Pb) and 824 ± 6.5 Ma (Pb-Pb). The above age data in general indicates age of uranium mineralization as 830 Ma in the NDFB. These ages are consistent with age of uranium mineralization in albitites from Brazil.