bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The transfer of foreign modernity in Beijing: the new urban space in the Legation Quarter, 1900–1928
Authors: Huang Xusheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article suggests that the post-colonial viewpoint could be valuable in understanding Beijing during the colonial crisis between 1900 and 1928. Through the examination of urban space in the Legation Quarter, it pays attention to the emerging special types and forms, as well as the mechanisms behind them, and explains the transposition of a foreign modern cityscape to the local context. The Europeanized district in Beijing was a symbol of Western civilization and the uneven power dynamics in the city, and was regarded as both a spatial model and a competitor for the Chinese government's attempts to create a modern capital.
Use of REGEN-COV in children after heart transplantation for treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19
Authors: Gupta Dipankar , Clifford Stephanie A. , Fricker Frederick J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve and new variants like Delta and Omicron have been discovered. REGEN-COV is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 which received emergency use authorisation for treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis in patients with high risk of progression to severe disease. We review our experience with use of REGEN-COV in paediatric heart transplant patients.
Do bilinguals get the joke? Humor comprehension in mono- and bilinguals
Authors: Ezrina Emilia V. , Valian Virginia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding jokes may differ between mono- and bilinguals because of differences in lexical access; fluency and sense of humor may also be relevant. Three experiments examined English-language joke comprehension in monolingual (n = 91) and bilingual (n = 111) undergraduates, Russian–English bilinguals (n = 39), and MTurk monolinguals (n = 77). Participants rated jokes and non-jokes in English as funny or not funny. We assessed the effects of bilingualism, language dominance, fluency, sense of humor, experience, and motivation on response time (RT) and sensitivity (d′) in identifying jokes. Bilingualism predicted neither RT nor d′ in mono- and English-dominant bilingual undergraduates; English fluency predicted d′. Russians were slower than English-dominant bilinguals but were more not less sensitive to humor. MTurk monolinguals were faster than undergraduates and equally sensitive; sense of humor predicted sensitivity. Overall, humor processing is alternately affected by fluency, sense of humor, and motivation, depending on the population. Bilingualism per se is not a factor.
PROBABILISTIC ENTAILMENT ON FIRST ORDER LANGUAGES AND REASONING WITH INCONSISTENCIES
Authors: RAFIEE RAD SOROUSH 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe investigate an approach for drawing logical inference from inconsistent premisses. The main idea in this approach is that the inconsistencies in the premisses should be interpreted as uncertainty of the information. We propose a mechanism, based on Kinght’s [14] study of inconsistency, for revising an inconsistent set of premisses to a minimally uncertain, probabilistically consistent one. We will then generalise the probabilistic entailment relation introduced in [15] for propositional languages to the first order case to draw logical inference from a probabilistic set of premisses. We will show how this combination can allow us to limit the effect of uncertainty introduced by inconsistent premisses to only the reasoning on the part of the premise set that is relevant to the inconsistency.
CircME1 promotes aerobic glycolysis and sunitinib resistance of clear cell renal cell carcinoma through cis-regulation of ME1
Authors: Zhang Ming-xiao , Wang Jia-li , Mo Cheng-qiang , Mao Xiao-peng , Feng Zi-hao , Li Jia-ying , Lin Hai-shan , Song Hong-de , Xu Quan-hui , Wang Ying-han , Lu Jun , Wei Jin-huan , Han Hui , Chen Wei , Mao Hai-ping , Luo Jun-hang , Chen Zhen-hua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, their involvement in sunitinib resistance remains largely unknown. Herein, we identified a novel circRNA, named circME1, which contributes to sunitinib resistance development in ccRCC. CircME1 also promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC cells. Further mechanism analysis showed that circME1 interacted with U1 snRNP at the promoter of its parental gene ME1, thereby upregulating the expression of ME1, enhancing aerobic glycolysis of ccRCC, and promoting its malignant phenotype. Furthermore, ME1 specific inhibitor could effectively repress the oncogenic functions of circME1. Taken together, our study demonstrates that the circME1/ME1 pathway is involved in ccRCC progression and sunitinib resistance development, which may be exploited for anticancer therapy.
Novel form of collective movement by soil bacteria
Authors: Engelhardt I C , Patko D , Liu Y , Mimault M , de las Heras Martinez G , George T S , MacDonald M , Ptashnyk M , Sukhodub T , Stanley-Wall N R , Holden N , Daniell T J , Dupuy L X 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although migrations are essential for soil microorganisms to exploit scarce and heterogeneously distributed resources, bacterial mobility in soil remains poorly studied due to experimental limitations. In this study, time-lapse images collected using live microscopy techniques captured collective and coordinated groups of B. subtilis cells exhibiting “crowd movement”. Groups of B. subtilis cells moved through transparent soil (nafion polymer with particle size resembling sand) toward plant roots and re-arranged dynamically around root tips in the form of elongating and retracting “flocks” resembling collective behaviour usually associated with higher organisms (e.g., bird flocks or fish schools). Genetic analysis reveals B. subtilis flocks are likely driven by the diffusion of extracellular signalling molecules (e.g., chemotaxis, quorum sensing) and may be impacted by the physical obstacles and hydrodynamics encountered in the soil like environment. Our findings advance understanding of bacterial migration through soil matrices and expand known behaviours for coordinated bacterial movement.
Evaluation of the aMAP score for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: a realistic opportunity to risk stratify
Authors: Johnson Philip J. , Innes Hamish , Hughes David M. , Kalyuzhnyy Anton , Kumada Takashi , Toyoda Hidenori 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and aims
The aMAP score is a model that predicts risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with chronic hepatitis. Its performance in a ‘real world’ surveillance setting has not yet been ascertained.

Patients and methods
We had access to a cohort of 3473 individuals enrolled in a rigorously implemented and prospectively accrued surveillance programme (patients undergoing regular ultrasound and biomarker examination between 1998 and 2021). During this period 445 had HCC detected. Of these, 77.8% had early stage disease (within Milan criteria), permitting potentially curative therapy to be implemented in nearly 70% of cases. We applied the recently developed aMAP score to classify patients according to their initial aMAP score in to low, medium and high-risk groups as proposed in the original publication. The performance of the aMAP score was assessed according to the concordance-index and calibration (i.e. agreement between observed and predicted risk). Allowance was made for competing causes of death.

Results
The aMAP score achieved an overall C-index of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.79–0.82) consistent with the initial report and was unaffected by allowance for competing causes of death. Sub-group analysis showed that the results did not change significantly according to gender, or aetiology. However, aMAP discrimination was greater for younger individuals (versus older individuals), and also for individuals without cirrhosis. The HCC incidence rate was 0.98, 7.05 and 29.1 events per 1000 person-years in the low-, moderate- and high-risk aMAP groups, respectively.

Conclusions
The results from this ‘real-world’ cohort demonstrate that risk stratification is a realistic prospect and that identification of a subgroup of chronic liver disease patients who have a very low risk of HCC is feasible.
A cryptic third active site in cyanophycin synthetase creates primers for polymerization
Authors: Sharon Itai , Pinus Sharon , Grogg Marcel , Moitessier Nicolas , Hilvert Donald , Schmeing T. Martin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCyanophycin is a nitrogen reserve biopolymer in many bacteria that has promising industrial applications. Made by cyanophycin synthetase 1 (CphA1), it has a poly-L-Asp backbone with L-Arg residues attached to each aspartate sidechain. CphA1s are thought to typically require existing segments of cyanophycin to act as primers for cyanophycin polymerization. In this study, we show that most CphA1s will not require exogenous primers and discover the surprising cause of primer independence: CphA1 can make minute quantities of cyanophycin without primer, and an unexpected, cryptic metallopeptidase-like active site in the N-terminal domain of many CphA1s digests these into primers, solving the problem of primer availability. We present co-complex cryo-EM structures, make mutations that transition CphA1s between primer dependence and independence, and demonstrate that primer dependence can be a limiting factor for cyanophycin production in heterologous hosts. In CphA1, domains with opposite catalytic activities combine into a remarkable, self-sufficient, biosynthetic nanomachine.
Multiple social encounters can eliminate Crozier’s paradox and stabilise genetic kin recognition
Authors: Scott Thomas W. , Grafen Alan , West Stuart A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCrozier’s paradox suggests that genetic kin recognition will not be evolutionarily stable. The problem is that more common tags (markers) are more likely to be recognised and helped. This causes common tags to increase in frequency, and hence eliminates the genetic variability that is required for genetic kin recognition. It has therefore been assumed that genetic kin recognition can only be stable if there is some other factor maintaining tag diversity, such as the advantage of rare alleles in host-parasite interactions. We show that allowing for multiple social encounters before each social interaction can eliminate Crozier’s paradox, because it allows individuals with rare tags to find others with the same tag. We also show that rare tags are better indicators of relatedness, and hence better at helping individuals avoid interactions with non-cooperative cheats. Consequently, genetic kin recognition provides an advantage to rare tags that maintains tag diversity, and stabilises itself.
Contrasting behaviour under pressure reveals the reasons for pyramidalization in tris(amido)uranium(III) and tris(arylthiolate) uranium(III) molecules
Authors: Price Amy N. , Berryman Victoria , Ochiai Tatsumi , Shephard Jacob J. , Parsons Simon , Kaltsoyannis Nikolas , Arnold Polly L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA range of reasons has been suggested for why many low-coordinate complexes across the periodic table exhibit a geometry that is bent, rather a higher symmetry that would best separate the ligands. The dominating reason or reasons are still debated. Here we show that two pyramidal UX3 molecules, in which X is a bulky anionic ligand, show opposite behaviour upon pressurisation in the solid state. UN″3 (UN3, N″ = N(SiMe3)2) increases in pyramidalization between ambient pressure and 4.08 GPa, while U(SAr)3 (US3, SAr = S-C6H2-tBu3−2,4,6) undergoes pressure-induced planarization. This capacity for planarization enables the use of X-ray structural and computational analyses to explore the four hypotheses normally put forward for this pyramidalization. The pyramidality of UN3, which increases with pressure, is favoured by increased dipole and reduction in molecular volume, the two factors outweighing the slight increase in metal-ligand agostic interactions that would be formed if it was planar. The ambient pressure pyramidal geometry of US3 is favoured by the induced dipole moment and agostic bond formation but these are weaker drivers than in UN3; the pressure-induced planarization of US3 is promoted by the lower molecular volume of US3 when it is planar compared to when it is pyramidal.
Pattern decorrelation in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex enables social preference and requires MeCP2
Authors: Xu Pan , Yue Yuanlei , Su Juntao , Sun Xiaoqian , Du Hongfei , Liu Zhichao , Simha Rahul , Zhou Jianhui , Zeng Chen , Lu Hui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSociability is crucial for survival, whereas social avoidance is a feature of disorders such as Rett syndrome, which is caused by loss-of-function mutations in MECP2. To understand how a preference for social interactions is encoded, we used in vivo calcium imaging to compare medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity in female wild-type and Mecp2-heterozygous mice during three-chamber tests. We found that mPFC pyramidal neurons in Mecp2-deficient mice are hypo-responsive to both social and nonsocial stimuli. Hypothesizing that this limited dynamic range restricts the circuit’s ability to disambiguate coactivity patterns for different stimuli, we suppressed the mPFC in wild-type mice and found that this eliminated both pattern decorrelation and social preference. Conversely, stimulating the mPFC in MeCP2-deficient mice restored social preference, but only if it was sufficient to restore pattern decorrelation. A loss of social preference could thus indicate impaired pattern decorrelation rather than true social avoidance.
Waveguide-integrated mid-infrared photodetection using graphene on a scalable chalcogenide glass platform
Authors: Goldstein Jordan , Lin Hongtao , Deckoff-Jones Skylar , Hempel Marek , Lu Ang-Yu , Richardson Kathleen A. , Palacios Tomás , Kong Jing , Hu Juejun , Englund Dirk 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development of compact and fieldable mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy devices represents a critical challenge for distributed sensing with applications from gas leak detection to environmental monitoring. Recent work has focused on mid-IR photonic integrated circuit (PIC) sensing platforms and waveguide-integrated mid-IR light sources and detectors based on semiconductors such as PbTe, black phosphorus and tellurene. However, material bandgaps and reliance on SiO2 substrates limit operation to wavelengths λ ≲ 4 μm. Here we overcome these challenges with a chalcogenide glass-on-CaF2 PIC architecture incorporating split-gate photothermoelectric graphene photodetectors. Our design extends operation to λ = 5.2 μm with a Johnson noise-limited noise-equivalent power of 1.1 nW/Hz1/2, no fall-off in photoresponse up to f = 1 MHz, and a predicted 3-dB bandwidth of f3dB > 1 GHz. This mid-IR PIC platform readily extends to longer wavelengths and opens the door to applications from distributed gas sensing and portable dual comb spectroscopy to weather-resilient free space optical communications.
Origin of giant electric-field-induced strain in faulted alkali niobate films
Authors: Waqar Moaz , Wu Haijun , Ong Khuong Phuong , Liu Huajun , Li Changjian , Yang Ping , Zang Wenjie , Liew Weng Heng , Diao Caozheng , Xi Shibo , Singh David J. , He Qian , Yao Kui , Pennycook Stephen J. , Wang John 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA large electromechanical response in ferroelectrics is highly desirable for developing high-performance sensors and actuators. Enhanced electromechanical coupling in ferroelectrics is usually obtained at morphotropic phase boundaries requiring stoichiometric control of complex compositions. Recently it was shown that giant piezoelectricity can be obtained in films with nanopillar structures. Here, we elucidate its origin in terms of atomic structure and demonstrate a different system with a greatly enhanced response. This is in non-stoichiometric potassium sodium niobate epitaxial thin films with a high density of self-assembled planar faults. A giant piezoelectric coefficient of ∼1900 picometer per volt is demonstrated at 1 kHz, which is almost double the highest ever reported effective piezoelectric response in any existing thin films. The large oxygen octahedral distortions and the coupling between the structural distortion and polarization orientation mediated by charge redistribution at the planar faults enable the giant electric-field-induced strain. Our findings demonstrate an important mechanism for realizing the unprecedentedly giant electromechanical coupling and can be extended to many other material functions by engineering lattice faults in non-stoichiometric compositions.
Prevalence of dyslipidemia and its association with opium consumption in the Rafsanjan cohort study
Authors: Jamali Zahra , Noroozi Karimabad Mojgan , Khalili Parvin , Sadeghi Tabandeh , Sayadi Ahmadreza , Mohammadakbari Rostamabadi Faegheh , La Vecchia Carlo , Esmaeili-Nadimi Ali 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe potential effects of opium consumption on lipid profile remain unquantified. We considered the association between opium use and dyslipidemia. In this cross-sectional study, we used data obtained from the Rafsanjan cohort study, as a part of the prospective epidemiological research studies in IrAN (PERSIAN) with detailed and validated data on opium consumption and selected other exposures. A total of 9932 adults were included in the study. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationships of opium consumption with the prevalence of dyslipidemia and lipid disorders. In this population, 73.33% had dyslipidemia and the prevalence rates of high TC, high TG, high LDL and low HDL were 54.24%, 47.45%, 34.43% and 11.91% respectively. After adjustment for all confounders, opium users compared with non-users had lower odds ratios (OR) of high TC and high LDL [0.81 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.71–0.92) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.69–0.93) respectively] and greater OR of low HDL [1.30 (95% CI 1.04–1.62)]. Longer duration of opium consumption resulted in lower ORs of high TC, 0.68 (95% CI 0.55–0.84) and high LDL, 0.82 (95% CI 0.67–0.99), and shorter duration of opium consumption resulted in increased odds of low HDL, 1.30 (95% CI 1.02–1.66). High dose of opium consumption was associated with an OR of dyslipidemia of 0.80 (95% CI 0.65–0.97), high TC of 0.80 (95% CI 0.67–0.95), and high LDL of 0.78 (95% CI 0.64–0.96) and low dose of opium consumption, with an OR of low HDL of 1.30 (95% CI 1.02–1.65). In relation to route of consumption, opium smoking was a risk factor for low HDL with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.31 (1.04–1.63). Opium use was associated with selected changes on serum lipid levels, but opium users had higher frequency of cardiovascular disease history.
COVID-19 forecasts using Internet search information in the United States
Authors: Ma Simin , Yang Shihao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs the COVID-19 ravaging through the globe, accurate forecasts of the disease spread are crucial for situational awareness, resource allocation, and public health decision-making. Alternative to the traditional disease surveillance data collected by the United States (US) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), big data from Internet such as online search volumes also contain valuable information for tracking infectious disease dynamics such as influenza epidemic. In this study, we develop a statistical model using Internet search volume of relevant queries to track and predict COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Inspired by the strong association between COVID-19 death trend and symptom-related search queries such as “loss of taste”, we combine search volume information with COVID-19 time series information for US national level forecasts, while leveraging the cross-state cross-resolution spatial temporal framework, pooling information from search volume and COVID-19 reports across regions for state level predictions. Lastly, we aggregate the state-level frameworks in an ensemble fashion to produce the final state-level 4-week forecasts. Our method outperforms the baseline time-series model, while performing reasonably against other publicly available benchmark models for both national and state level forecast.
Scalar on time-by-distribution regression and its application for modelling associations between daily-living physical activity and cognitive functions in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ghosal Rahul , Varma Vijay R. , Volfson Dmitri , Urbanek Jacek , Hausdorff Jeffrey M. , Watts Amber , Zipunnikov Vadim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWearable data is a rich source of information that can provide a deeper understanding of links between human behaviors and human health. Existing modelling approaches use wearable data summarized at subject level via scalar summaries in regression, temporal (time-of-day) curves in functional data analysis (FDA), and distributions in distributional data analysis (DDA). We propose to capture temporally local distributional information in wearable data using subject-specific time-by-distribution (TD) data objects. Specifically, we develop scalar on time-by-distribution regression (SOTDR) to model associations between scalar response of interest such as health outcomes or disease status and TD predictors. Additionally, we show that TD data objects can be parsimoniously represented via a collection of time-varying L-moments that capture distributional changes over the time-of-day. The proposed method is applied to the accelerometry study of mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We found that mild AD is significantly associated with reduced upper quantile levels of physical activity, particularly during morning hours. In-sample cross validation demonstrated that TD predictors attain much stronger associations with clinical cognitive scales of attention, verbal memory, and executive function when compared to predictors summarized via scalar total activity counts, temporal functional curves, and quantile functions. Taken together, the present results suggest that SOTDR analysis provides novel insights into cognitive function and AD.
Green synthesis of novel stable biogenic gold nanoparticles for breast cancer therapeutics via the induction of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways
Authors: El-Deeb Nehal M. , Khattab Sara M. , Abu-Youssef Morsy A. , Badr Ahmed M. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBiosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using algal polysaccharides is a simple, low-cost, and an eco-friendly approach. In the current study, different concentrations of Arthospira platensis exopolysaccharides (EPS) were used to synthetize AuNPs via the reduction of gold ions. The biologically synthesized AuNPs (AuNPs1, AuNPs2, AuNPs3) were prepared in 3 different forms through the utilization of three different ratios of EPS-reducing agents. AuNPs analysis confirmed the spherical shape of the EPS-coated AuNPs. Furthermore, AuNPs prepared by EPS and l-ascorbic acid (AuNPs3) showed more stability than the AuNPs colloidal solution that was prepared using only l-ascorbic acid. Analysis of the antimicrobial effects of AuNPs showed that E. coli was the most sensitive bacterial species for AuNPs3 and AuNPs1 with inhibition percentages of 88.92 and 83.13%, respectively. Also, safety assay results revealed that AuNPs3 was the safest biogenic AuNPs for the tested noncancerous cell line. The anticancer assays of the biogenic AuNPs1, AuNPs2, and AuNPs3 against MCF-7 cell line indicated that this cell line was the most sensitive cell line to all treatments and it showed inhibition percentages of 66.2%, 57.3%, and 70.2% to the three tested AuNPs, respectively. The AuNPs also showed abilities to arrest MCF-7 cells in the S phase (77.34%) and increased the cellular population in the sub G0 phase. Gene expression analysis showed that AuNPs3 down regulated Bcl2, Ikapα, and Survivn genes in MCF-7 treated-cells. Also, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of MCf-7 cells revealed that AuNPs 3 and AuNPs2 were localized in cell vacuoles, cytoplasm, and perinuclear region.