bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Assemblies and Reversible De‐/ Rehydration in One‐Dimensional Dimethyltin Carboxylates
Authors: Shankar Ravi , Dubey Archishmati , Jakhar Ekta , Chauhan Priyanka , Kociok‐Köhn Gabriele 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe study presents the synthesis and structural aspects of a new family of dimethyltin carboxylates, [(Me2Sn)2(btec)(bipy)(H2O)] ⋅ 4H2O (1), [Me2Sn(btec)0.5(bipy)]2 ⋅ H2O (2), [Me2Sn(btec)0.5(bipy)] ⋅ 3H2O ⋅ 0.5bipy (3) and [Me2Sn(btec)0.5(phen)] (4) derived from 1,2,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4btec). The structure in each case adopts a one‐dimensional motif featuring ditin macrocycles with 2,2'‐bipyridine (bipy) or 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) acting as the chelating ligand. For 1, the lattice water molecules in association with the framework form infinite T4(0)A(1) water chains. The organic hydrate, bipy ⋅ 6H2O in 3 adopts a layered structure comprising T4(2)6(2) water tapes and trans‐bipy. Dehydration of 2 to 2 a results in crystal structure transformation from centrosymmetric P21/c (in 2) to chiral P212121 space group and reveals conformational changes in the ditin macrocycles from chair to boat form. The reversibility of this transformation has been supported by TGA, PXRD, and single‐crystal X‐ray studies.
Construction of Sensor for Submicromolar Detection of Riboflavin by Surface Modification of SPCE with Thermal Degradation Products of Nickel Acetate Tetrahydrate
Authors: Ognjanović Miloš , Stanković Dalibor M. , Jaćimović Željko K. , Kosović‐Perutović Milica , Mariano José F. M. L. , Krehula Stjepko , Musić Svetozar , Antić Bratislav 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNickel acetate tetrahydrate (NAT) sample series were used to modify screen‐printed carbon electrodes (SPCE). The samples were hybrid Ni/NiO nanocomposites, where the NiO phase increased with an applied treatment temperature. Results of electrochemical measurements pointed that the Ni/NiO550/SPCE‐modified electrode had the best analytical performance toward the detection of riboflavin (RF). The Ni/NiO550/SPCE‐based sensor showed linear response with RF in the concentration range of 0.5–75 μM and 0.15 μM LOD in BRBS. Sensor offered fast response time, good repeatability, and selectivity with an RSD of 1.4 %. Our results show that the Ni:NiO nanocomposite ratio strongly influenced the electroanalytical performance of SPCE.
An efficient modulation classification method using signal constellation diagrams with convolutional neural networks, Gabor filtering, and thresholding
Authors: Abdel‐Moneim Mohamed A. , Al‐Makhlasawy Rasha M. , Abdel‐Salam Bauomy Nariman , El‐Rabaie El‐Sayed M. , El‐Shafai Walid , Farghal Ahmed E. A. , Abd El‐Samie Fathi E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecently, automatic modulation classification (AMC) has extensively and commonly been utilized in several modern wireless communication systems as a significant tool of signal detection for civilian and military applications and cognitive radio systems. Although several methods have been established to identify the modulation scheme of a received signal, they show a difficulty of learning radio characteristics for most conventional machine learning algorithms. This article focuses on the deep learning (DL) classification technique to solve these problems. To improve the classification accuracy of a communication signal modulation type, we apply a new model that combines Gabor filtering and thresholding with the help of convolution filters implemented in DL. A basic convolutional neural network, AlexNet, and a residual neural network are used for being compatible with constellation diagrams in order to achieve a superior classification performance. Moreover, the Gabor filter can effectively extract spatial information, including edges and textures. In terms of classification accuracy, the proposed AMC system improves the signal modulation classification accuracy significantly, and achieves competitive results. We use seven modulation types over the range of signal‐noise ratio (SNR) values from −10 to 30 dB. The performed experiments reveal that the proposal guarantees a remarkable classification accuracy of approximately 100% at a 10 dB SNR over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels. Therefore, to prove the functional viability of our proposed method, it can be applied in adaptive modulators that can be used in many devices in applications such as Internet‐of‐Things (IoT).
Function‐preserving surgery via single transverse cervical incision for Warthin's tumor in the parotid gland
Authors: Roh Jong‐Lyel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated functional and disease control outcomes after gland‐preserving surgery via a single transverse cervical incision for Warthin's tumor of the parotid gland.MethodsOne‐hundred eleven patients with Warthin's tumor underwent the preservation of most normal parotid tissues and the facial nerve combined with the en‐bloc resection of tumors. Postoperative complications, subjective satisfaction, salivary function, and metachronous tumor were assessed in each patient.ResultsNo patients had an extension to modified Blair or periauricular incision with the median operation time of 32 min. Temporary and permanent paralysis of the facial nerve was 5 (4.0%) and none of 125 tumor resection sides, respectively. Postoperative complications were minimal. The secretory functions between the affected and unaffected glands did not differ. One patient had metachronous tumor for a median follow‐up of 72 months.ConclusionFunctional gland‐preserving surgery via single transverse cervical incision can safely treat Warthin's tumor in the parotid gland.
Restoring soil water content after alfalfa and Korshinsk peashrub conversion to cropland and grassland
Authors: Ge Jiamin , Fan Jun , Yang Xueting , Luo Zhanbin , Zhang Shougang , Yuan Hongyou 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe introduction of Korshinsk peashrub (Caragana korshinskii) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) as restorative vegetation in the Loess Plateau, China has resulted in the widespread occurrence of a dried soil layer (DSL). Soil water recovery with respect to the soil water content (SWC) following the occurrence of a DSL (i.e., DSL‐SWC recovery time) and the effect of the number of planting years of restorative vegetation on soil water recovery have received little attention. The aim of this study was to investigate soil water dynamics after vegetation conversion (include three fields of converting cropland with soybean or millet into alfalfa land, three fields of converting alfalfa land into soybean land or four fields of converting peashrub land into natural grassland) in the Liudaogou watershed in a water‐wind erosion crisscross region in the Loess Plateau, China. With this aim in mind, we conducted in‐situ field experiments for 3 or 5 years and continuously monitored the SWC in a 0–5 m or 0–8 m profile. The results showed that the SWC increased drastically after alfalfa was converted to soybean, especially after consecutive wet year when the SWC of 0–800 cm profile was recharged up to 0.16 cm3 cm−3, which means the DSL‐SWC in the 0–800 cm profile recovered within 5 years. The DSL‐SWC of the profile improved obviously within 3 years after peashrub was converted to natural grass. The SWC of the two fields was 0.16 cm3 cm−3 and 0.15 cm3 cm−3, respectively. The SWC depletion time was 6.1, 7.5, and 8.4 years in the three fields converted from cropland to alfalfa. Based on our findings, the number of alfalfa planting years should not exceed 8 years. However, planting years of peashrub needs further study because it has excellent drought resistance and a long root system. Taking the advantages and disadvantages of two restoration management methods into account, alfalfa‐crop rotations and natural grasslands are the two best choices for ecological restoration in the Loess Plateau, China.
Diagnosing and treating gastric impactions in horses
Authors: Mathie Amber H , Dixon Claire 
Published: March 2022

Background: Gastric impaction is an uncommon and potentially fatal condition in equids and is defined as a persistent accumulation of dry, firm ingesta within the stomach. Left untreated these impactions can progress to gastric rupture. However, gastric impactions present with non‐specific clinical signs of varying severity, making diagnosis challenging. While often diagnosed at referral practices, diagnosis and medical management of gastric impactions is possible in first‐opinion equine practice.Aim of the article: This article discusses what is known about the aetiology of gastric impactions and the current diagnosis and treatment options.
Simulation model of water temperature variation in dual‐purpose canals considering return flow from upstream paddy fields
Authors: Kimura Masaomi , Kobayashi Satoru , Mitsuyasu Marie , Xie Wenpeng , Iida Toshiaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigh ambient air and water temperatures can cause high‐temperature damage to ripening rice grains after rice heading and has recently become a major issue of concern. Spill‐over irrigation (also referred to as continuous irrigation with running water) is an effective countermeasure that involves simultaneous irrigation and drainage to reduce the ponded water temperature in paddy fields. However, it is necessary to understand the impact of this technique on downstream water temperatures. In this study, the discharge and water temperature variations in a dual‐purpose canal (also referred to as irrigation‐cum‐drainage canal) were measured along the main canal of the Tedori‐gawa Shichika canal system in Japan. The discharge and water temperature variations in a branch drainage canal were also monitored to analyse the influence of the return flow on the water temperature in the main canal. Based on these observations, a new numerical model was developed to simulate the water temperature variations in the main canal considering meteorological conditions, heat transfer of water in the open canal, and return flow from upstream paddy fields. Finally, the model was applied to examine possible global warming scenarios and discuss the effectiveness of paddy water management in mitigating high‐temperature damage in downstream paddy fields.
Multilayer subwavelength gratings or sandwiches with periodic structure shape light reflection in the tapetum lucidum of taxonomically diverse vertebrate animals
Authors: Zueva Lidia , Zayas‐Santiago Astrid , Rojas Legier , Sanabria Priscila , Alves Janaina , Tsytsarev Vassiliy , Inyushin Mikhail 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEye shine in the dark has attracted many researchers to the field of eye optics, but the initial studies of subwavelength arrangements in tapetum began only with the development of electronic microscopy at the end of the 20th century. As a result of a number of studies, it was shown that the reflective properties of the tapetum are due to their specialized cellular subwavelength microstructure (photonic crystals). These properties, together with the mutual orientation of the crystals, lead to a significant increase in reflection, which, in turn, enhances the sensitivity of the eye. In addition, research confirmed that optical mechanisms of reflection in the tapetum are very similar even for widely separated species. Due to progress in the field of nano‐optics, researchers now have a better understanding of the main principles of this phenomenon. In this review, we summarize electron microscopic and functional studies of tapetal structures in the main vertebrate classes. This allows data on the microstructure of the tapetum to be used to improve our understanding of the visual system.
Anticancer and antioxidant profiling effects of Nerolidol against DMBA induced oral experimental carcinogenesis
Authors: Balakrishnan Vaitheeswari , Ganapathy Sindhu , Veerasamy Vinothkumar , Duraisamy Ramachandhiran , Sathiavakoo Vigil Anbiah , Krishnamoorthy Vasudevan , Lakshmanan Vennila 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to examine the chemopreventive effects of Nerolidol (NER) on hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis (HBC) induced by 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in male golden Syrian hamsters. In this study, oral squamous cell carcinoma was developed in the buccal pouch of an oral painted hamster with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times weekly for 12 weeks. To assess DMBA‐induced hamster buccal tissue carcinogenesis, biochemical endpoints such as Phase I and II detoxification enzymes, antioxidants, lipid peroxidation (LPO) by‐products, and renal function markers, as well as histopathological examinations, were used. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical studies of interleukin‐6 were investigated to find the inflammatory link in the HBC carcinogenesis. In our results, DMBA alone exposed hamsters showed 100% tumor growth, altered levels of antioxidants, detoxification agents, LPO, and renal function identifiers as compared to the control hamsters. The outcome in present biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemistry studies has been found a reverse in NER‐treated hamsters against the tumor. This study concluded that NER modulated the biochemical profiles (antioxidants, detoxification, LPO, and renal function markers) and inhibited tumor development in DMBA induced oral carcinogenesis.
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in the sensitizing pregnancy where anti‐D was incorrectly identified as RhIG
Authors: Walhof Mackenzie L. , Leon Judith , Greiner Andrea L. , Scott James R. , Knudson Charles Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundHemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a potentially fatal complication in Rh‐incompatible pregnancies and rarely occurs in the sensitizing pregnancy. Distinguishing RhIG from true anti‐D identified is challenging. A case of severe HDFN in which a sample drawn at 28 weeks showed anti‐D antibody (3+ strength) attributed to RhIG is described. RBC antibody testing early in pregnancy was negative. At birth, the infant was severely anemic and maternal anti‐D titer was 1:256. This case represents a clinically significant anti‐D in the sensitizing pregnancy that was missed due to confusion with RhIG.MethodsTo determine if agglutination strength could be helpful, a retrospective chart‐review using both electronic and paper medical records was performed on 348 samples identified as RhIG and 52 true anti‐D samples. The agglutination strength of antibody was recorded for each sample.ResultsFor RhIG, there was an even distribution between the weak to moderate agglutination strength (w+, 1+, and 2+) results (35%, 26%, and 33%, respectively) and just 6% had a 3+ strength. Agglutination strength in patients with high titer (≥1:16) anti‐D showed they often (44.4%) have 1+ or 2+ agglutination reactivity.ConclusionsThese results show that agglutination strength alone does not provide reliable evidence to distinguish RhIG from high titer anti‐D antibodies. We recommend that in cases where there is any uncertainty about whether the anti‐D reactivity is due to RhIG, titers should be performed to rule out clinically significant anti‐D antibody.
Contribution of adrenergic mechanisms for the stress‐induced breast cancer carcinogenesis
Authors: Silva Dany , Quintas Clara , Gonçalves Jorge , Fresco Paula 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common and deadliest type of cancer in women. Stress exposure has been associated with carcinogenesis and the stress released neurotransmitters, noradrenaline and adrenaline, and their cognate receptors, can participate in the carcinogenesis process, either by regulating tumor microenvironment or by promoting systemic changes.This work intends to provide an overview of the research done in this area and try to unravel the role of adrenergic ligands in the context of breast carcinogenesis.In the initiation phase, adrenergic signaling may favor neoplastic transformation of breast epithelial cells whereas, during cancer progression, may favor the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. Additionally, adrenergic signaling can alter the function and activity of other cells present in the tumor microenvironment towards a protumor phenotype, namely macrophages, fibroblasts, and by altering adipocyte's function. Adrenergic signaling also promotes angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and, systemically, may induce the formation of preneoplastic niches, cancer‐associated cachexia and alterations in the immune system which contribute for the loss of quality of life of breast cancer patients and their capacity to fight cancer. Most studies points to a major contribution of β2‐adrenoceptor activated pathways on these effects. The current knowledge of the mechanistic pathways activated by β2‐adrenoceptors in physiology and pathophysiology, the availability of selective drugs approved for clinical use and a deeper knowledge of the basic cellular and molecular pathways by which adrenergic stimulation may influence cancer initiation and progression, opens the possibility to use new therapeutic alternatives to improve efficacy of breast cancer treatments.
Accuracy of transcranial Doppler in detecting intracranial stenosis in patients with sickle cell anemia when compared to magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Krementz Nastajjia A. , Gardener Hannah E. , Torres Luis , Alkhalifah Moayd , Campo‐Bustillo Iszet , Campo Nelly , Koch Sebastian , Alvarez Ofelia , Rundek Tatjana , Romano Jose G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundStroke, the most devastating consequence of sickle cell anemia (SCA), is associated with endothelial damage and intracranial artery stenosis. We aimed to assess transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound accuracy in detecting intracranial stenosis when compared to magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).MethodsChildren with SCA and at least one TCD and MRA within 1 month were identified from a retrospectively collected database. Sensitivity and specificity were obtained to assess the overall accuracy of TCD mean flow velocity (mFV) ≥200 cm/s in detecting vessel stenosis of ≥50%. Multivariate analysis identified independent factors associated with MRA stenosis.ResultsAmong 157 patients in the database, 64 had a TCD and MRA within 1 month (age 11.8 ± 5.3 years, 56% female, 20% with cerebral infarcts on MRI, 8 or 13% had mFV ≥200 cm/s and 20% or 21%, had intracranial stenosis ≥50% on MRA). TCD mFV ≥200 cm/s had a high specificity (95%) but low sensitivity (29%) to detecting intracranial stenosis. As a continuous variable, TCD mFV of 137.5 cm/s had maximal specificity (77%) and sensitivity (72%). After adjustment for age, hemoglobin level, transfusion status, hydroxyurea treatment, and vessel, for every increase in cm/sec on TCD, there was a 2% increase in the odds of ≥50% stenosis on MRA (p < 0.001).ConclusionOur study reports TCD mFV is a positive predictor of MRA stenosis in SCA, independent of patient characteristics, including hemoglobin. A mFV ≥200 cm/s is highly specific but less sensitive in detecting stenosis ≥50%. Lower mFV cut points may be needed for the early detection of intracranial stenosis.
Dynamics of salivary human herpesvirus‐6 and ‐7 shedding in pregnant women
Authors: Suzuki Noriko , Ihira Masaru , Enya Yasuko , Yumi Takahashi , Izuru Chisato , Rie Igarashi , Higashimoto Yuki , Hiroki Miura , Asaki Takanashi , Kaoru Fujimoto , Kawamura Yoshiki , Yoshikawa Tetsushi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractReactivation of Betaherpesvirinae (Human herpesvirus 6A: HHV‐6A, ‐6B, HHV‐7) may be associated with mental illness and host fatigue. This study aimed to determine whether viral reactivation, measured by monitoring salivary viral DNA load, can be used to monitor depression in pregnant and postpartum women. Saliva samples were collected from 64 pregnant women at five points of observation periods. The HHV‐6‐ and HHV‐7‐specific qPCRs were carried out to measure viral DNA load. When HHV‐6 DNA was detected in saliva, nested PCR was used to discriminate between HHV‐6A and ‐6B. In both viruses, a significant correlation was observed between detection frequency and viral DNA load in saliva. In the low‐shedding group, HHV‐6 DNA was significantly higher in the third trimester (p < 0.0001), the time of delivery (p = 0.0003), 1 month after birth (p = 0.0023) compared with the first trimester, and HHV‐7 was at the time of delivery (p = 0.0277) and 1 month after birth (p = 0.0235). Most of the detected HHV‐6 DNAs in saliva were HHV‐6B. Both viral DNA loads were significantly lower (HHV‐6: p = 0.0101, HHV‐7: p = 0.0044) in the subjects with abnormal Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores. The detection rate and viral DNA load of both viruses in saliva increased after the third trimester. Salivary virus DNA shedding was significantly lower in subjects with an abnormal EPDS score.
First cases of infection with the 21L/BA.2 Omicron variant in Marseille, France
Authors: Colson Philippe , Delerce Jérémy , Beye Mamadou , Levasseur Anthony , Boschi Céline , Houhamdi Linda , Tissot‐Dupont Hervé , Yahi Nouara , Million Matthieu , La Scola Bernard , Fantini Jacques , Raoult Didier , Fournier Pierre‐Edouard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe SARS‐CoV‐2 21K/BA.1, 21L/BA.2, and BA.3 Omicron variants have recently emerged worldwide. To date, the 21L/BA.2 Omicron variant has remained very minority globally but became predominant in Denmark instead of the 21K/BA.1 variant. Here, we describe the first cases diagnosed with this variant in south‐eastern France. We identified 13 cases using variant‐specific qPCR and next‐generation sequencing between 28/11/2021 and 31/01/2022, the first two cases being diagnosed in travelers returning from Tanzania. Overall, viral genomes displayed a mean (±standard deviation) number of 65.9 ± 2.5 (range, 61–69) nucleotide substitutions and 31.0 ± 8.3 (27–50) nucleotide deletions, resulting in 49.6 ± 2.2 (45–52) amino acid substitutions (including 28 in the spike protein) and 12.4 ± 1.1 (12–15) amino acid deletions. Phylogeny showed the distribution in three different clusters of these genomes, which were most closely related to genomes from England and South Africa, from Singapore and Nepal, or from France and Denmark. Structural predictions highlighted a significant enlargement and flattening of the surface of the 21L/BA.2 N‐terminal domain of the spike protein compared to that of the 21K/BA.1 Omicron variant, which may facilitate initial viral interactions with lipid rafts. Close surveillance is needed at global, country, and center scales to monitor the incidence and clinical outcome of the 21L/BA.2 Omicron variant.