bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to encourage students in learning chemistry?
Authors: Zhao Weijie 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Chemistry is a basis for almost all science and engineering disciplines, and needs to be well mastered by both researchers and students. But in the eyes of many Chinese students and their parents, chemistry is not an initial choice because first, it seems to be less important than mathematics and physics, and second, chemistry-majored students usually cannot get high salaries after graduation, and may encounter safety risks when conducting chemical experiments.
How can we encourage students in learning chemistry? How can we improve higher chemistry education so that students can truly grasp the basic chemical principles, increase their chemical skills and apply the learnt knowledge in their future careers? Here in this panel discussion, six experts in higher chemistry education try to give their observations and opinions on these issues.

Yadong Li
President at Anhui Normal University; inorganic chemist.

Yan Li
Professor at College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University.

Jian Pei
Professor at College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University.

Zhenfeng Xi
Professor at College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University.

Song Gao (Chair)
President at Sun Yat-sen University; inorganic chemist.

Lan-Sun Zheng (Chair)
Professor at College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University.
Investigating preferences for soil-based ecosystem services
Authors: Bartkowski Bartosz , Massenberg Julian R , Lienhoop Nele 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Soil provides multiple benefits for human well-being that are largely invisible to most beneficiaries. Here, we present the results of a discrete choice experiment on the preferences of Germans for soil-based ecosystem services. In an attempt to reduce complexity for respondents, we express soil-based ecosystem service attributes relative to the site-specific potential of soils to provide them. We investigate how knowledge about soils, awareness of their contributions to human well-being, and experience with droughts and floods affect preferences. We find substantial yet heterogeneous preferences for soil-based ecosystem services. Only some measures of familiarity exhibit significant effects on preferences.
Higher levels of neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio predict increased mortality risk in patients with liver cirrhosis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Du Xiaofei , Wei Xinhuan , Ma Lixia , Liu Xiaohui , Guo Haiqing , Liu Yali , Zhang Jing 
Published: November 2022

Background
Recent studies indicated that the neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) was a predictor of mortality in several diseases. There has been no evidence to prove the predictive function of NPAR in patients with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between NPAR and clinical outcomes in cirrhotic patients.

Methods
We retrospectively recruited hospitalized decompensated cirrhotic patients from the tertiary grade-A hospital. Patients with malignancy or severe cardiac, respiratory and kidney diseases were excluded. Demographical data, liver functions, complications and outcomes of cirrhosis were recorded. NPAR was calculated through the ratio of neutrophil percentage (%)/serum albumin concentration (g/dL) at admission to the hospital. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to evaluate the prognostic values of NPAR, and subgroup analyses were utilized to ensure stable results.

Results
A total of 376 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis at baseline were enrolled. The liver dysfunction, cirrhosis-related complications and mortality rate increased along with the tertiles of NPAR. In multivariate analysis, higher NPARs were independently associated with increased risk of mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis after adjustments for confounding factors (tertile 3 versus tertile 1: adjusted HR = 1.92; 95% CI, 1.04–3.56; P trend =  0.008) and each unit increase of NPAR implicated a 4% increase risk of mortality. Subgroup analysis demonstrated no significant interactions in most subgroups.

Conclusion
Increased NPAR was independently correlated with a higher risk of mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Telomere Length of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells is Associated with Discharge Disposition in Older Trauma Patients
Authors: Goswami Julie , MacArthur Taleen A. , Ramachandran Dhanya , Mahony Cillian , Howick Annelise S. , Price-Troska Tammy , Thompson Riley J. , Spears Grant M. , Bailey Kent R. , Patnaik Mrinal S. , Passos Joao F. , Park Myung S. , Ferrer Alejandro 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Little is known regarding peripheral blood mononuclear cell telomere length (PBMC-TL) and response to traumatic injury. The objective of this study was to characterize the role of PBMC-TL in coagulation and clinical outcomes after injury.

Methods
Plasma and buffy coats were prospectively collected from trauma patients and healthy volunteers. DNA was purified and PBMC-TL quantified by qPCR. Thrombin generation kinetics were expressed as lag time (LT, minutes), peak height (PH, nM), time to peak (ttPeak, min), and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP, nM*min). Results in median and quartiles [Q1, Q3]. Wilcoxon rank sum testing; p < 0.05 considered significant.

Results
Forty-two younger patients (21 [20, 22] years, 69% male) and 39 older patients (62 [61, 64] years, 79% male) were included. There was no significant difference in Clinical Frailty Scores between groups. Younger patients had longer total PBMC-TL (0.40 Mb [0.30, 0.49] vs. 0.29 Mb [0.23, 0.33], p < 0.001) and longer average PBMC-TL per chromosome (4.3 kb [3.3, 5.3] vs. 3.2 kb [2.5, 3.7], p < 0.001). When older patients were stratified by 50th percentile of PBMC-TL, there were no differences in thrombin generation; however, those with shorter telomeres were less likely to be discharged home (29% vs. 77%, p = 0.004). Older patients in the bottom quartile of PBMC-TL had shorter LT (2.78 min [2.33, 3.00] vs. 3.33 min [3.24, 3.89], p = 0.030) and were less likely to be discharged home (22% vs. 90%, p = 0.006) than those in the top quartile of PBMC-TL. Multivariable logistic regression models revealed both increased age and shorter PBMC-TL to be independent predictors of discharge disposition other than home.

Conclusion
In older trauma patients, shorter PBMC-TL is associated with accelerated initiation of thrombin generation and lower likelihood of being discharged to home.
Hematological malignancies as disorders negatively impacting specificities of the direct agglutination and rapid rK39 strip tests as reference diagnostics for visceral leishmanisis
Authors: Nail Abd Elsalam , Ahmed Ikram , Ali Osman Hussam , el Harith Abdallah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroduction: During several years of work in Sudan, we occasionally had been confronted with patients who presented clinical features highly suggestive of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) however direct agglutination test (DAT) readings that were either at the high negative or low positive titre range. Inquiries on the fate of those particular patients revealed mortality, undetermined diagnosis or that in some of them leukemia was finally diagnosed.Gap statement: Investigate as to what extent hematological malignancies (HMs) interfere with VL diagnosis.Aim: Evaluate specificity of DAT version newly developed in this study wherein sodium dodecyle sulphate (SDS) was incorporated as a test sample denaturant in comparison with a standard reference wherein β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) was used in test execution.Methodology: Seventy plasma samples from patients with HMs were collected and tested in a primary DAT version (P-DAT). The results obtained were compared with those of the rK39 strip test as VL reference diagnostic. HM samples revealing titres higher than the start dilution (1:100) in P-DAT were further tested in a β-ME- and urea- modified DAT versions. The specificity of the newly developed SDS-DAT was assessed against that of β-ME-DAT and rK39 strip tests as current reference diagnostics for VL.Results: Seven out of 70 patients with HMs scored positive outcomes (titre >1:3200) in P-DAT and 4 in the reference rK39 strip test. Of the 7 that tested positive in P-DAT or 4 in the reference rK39, none reacted at titre > 1:100 in the SDS-DAT. Significant reduction in non-specific agglutination reactions was achieved as a result in respect to the HM plasma samples (P. value < 0.05).Conclusion: To establish desired specificity for VL diagnosis in respect to HMs and subsequently minimize or avoid serious side effects due to unjustified anti-leishmanials prescription the combined application of the SDS-DAT here described and an improved version of the rK39 for confirmation is recommended. Key words: Visceral leishmaniasis; diagnosis; hematological malignancies; DAT; rK39; anti-leishmanials; SDS.
A wicking measurement approach to evaluate the protection of non-medical face mask fabrics
Authors: Anggasta Giovanni , Sahputra Iwan Halim , Aysia Debora Anne Yang 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe objective of this research is to systematically compare two methods of wicking test for evaluating the quality of the non-medical-mask fabric, i.e. its absorbency property at various conditions, using a design of experiment approach. This research also evaluates the suitability of several fabrics to be used for non-medical masks.Design/methodology/approachHorizontal and vertical wicking tests were selected to evaluate the absorbency property of five fabrics commonly used for the non-medical mask. The tests were performed at three temperatures and using two types of liquid. The design of experiment approach was employed to determine the relationship between the path length of liquid movement in fabric and type of test method, temperature and type of liquid.FindingsBoth vertical and horizontal wicking tests show the same order of fabrics according to their absorbency. The order is cotton twill, local cotton, Japanese cotton, Oxford and Scuba, where the first in the order has the lowest absorbency and the last has the highest absorbency. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the range of temperature and types of liquid employed in this research do not affect the path length of the liquid movement in the fabric.Originality/valueThis research proposes horizontal and vertical wicking tests as a practical tool to evaluate absorbency property of fabric for the non-medical mask. This research also presents a design of experiment approach to evaluate the effect of the test method, temperature and type of liquid on the path length of the liquid movement in the fabric.
Workload, work–life interface, stress, job satisfaction and job performance: a job demand–resource model study during COVID-19
Authors: Chowhan James , Pike Kelly 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study, using a comprehensive job demand–resources (JD-R) model, aims to explore the pressures of workload, work–life interface and subsequent impacts on employee stress and job satisfaction, with implications for employee job performance, in the context of working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional sample of employees at seven universities (n = 4,497) and structural equation path analysis regression models are used for the analyses.FindingsThe results show that a partial mediation JD-R model was supported, where job demands (such as workload and actual hours worked) and job resources (including expectations, support and job security) have relationships with work interference with personal life and personal life interference with work. These have subsequent negative path relationships with stress. Further, stress is negatively related to job satisfaction, and job satisfaction is positively related to employee job performance.Practical implicationsPotential policy implications include mitigation approaches to addressing some of the negative impacts on workers and to enhance the positive outcomes. Timely adjustments to job demands and resources can aid in sustaining balance for workers in an uncertain and fluid environmental context.Originality/valueThis study makes a contribution to knowledge by capturing sentiments on working arrangements, perceived changes and associated outcomes during a key period within the COVID-19 pandemic while being one of the rare studies to focus on a comprehensive JD-R model and a unique context of highly educated workers' transition to working from home.
Panarchy-based transformative supply chain resilience: the role of supply chain capital
Authors: Mirzabeiki Vahid , Aitken James 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to explain the role of supply chain capital (SCC) in developing transformative supply chain resilience (SCRes) to cope with environmental dynamism. Through a panarchy theory lens, this paper holistically examines how supply chains and their resilience are impacted by the multilevel structure in which they are embedded.Design/methodology/approachContextualised explanation-building case studies are used to examine the transformative SCRes of 10 companies. Data were collected via interviews, documents, archival records and observations.FindingsStudying transformative SCRes leads to generating insights into the application of SCC for managing environmental dynamisms at the organisational and supply chain levels. Furthermore, the linkages between different levels of the panarchy and their impact on the change in SCC to cope with the dynamisms are identified and explained.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper contributes to the new and timely paradigm of transformative SCRes by studying this phenomenon in a holistic manner (rather than a traditional reductionistic view). Through a panarchy lens, the need to examine and analyse different hierarchy levels simultaneously to interpret SCRes responses to environmental dynamism is highlighted.Practical implicationsValuable insights are provided to practitioners in developing an understanding of structural and relational SCC and their management in the development of transformative SCRes.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the first empirical studies using a multilevel social-ecological-based panarchy framework in the supply chain management context. Applying this novel approach is highly relevant and reveals several new research opportunities.
The contingent effect of supply chain strategies on the relationship between supply chain integration and operational performance in manufacturing context
Authors: El Mokadem Mohamed Y. , Khalaf Magdy A. 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the contingent effect of supply chain strategies on supply chain integration (SCI)-performance relationship in manufacturing organizations.Design/methodology/approachThis research hypothesized the moderation effect of agile, responsive, risk-hedging and efficient strategies on the relationship between SCI and operational performance (OP). Survey data were collected from a sample of 112 Egyptian manufacturing firms and analyzed using moderated regression analyses to test the study hypotheses.FindingsThe results provide supporting evidence that the four strategies moderate the relationship between internal integration (II) and OP. The results also indicated that agile strategy moderates the relationship between customer and supplier integration and OP. Besides, the results indicated that responsive strategy moderates the effect of customer integration (CI) on OP. Finally, the results did not provide sufficient evidence regarding the moderating effect of risk-hedging strategy on supplier integration (SI)-performance relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe nature of the surveyed sample and the use of a single informant might limit the ability to generalize the research findings outside the research context.Practical implicationsThe research results provide managers of manufacturing organizations with the roadmap to maximize the benefits from their integrative efforts through emphasizing the appropriate supply chain strategy (SCS) with respect to the market demand/supply conditions.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to knowledge by empirically validating the contingent effect of SCS on the relationship between SCI and OP.
Are you competent coping with uncertainty and risk? Implications for work-applied management
Authors: Kelly Phil 
Published: November 2022

PurposeIn a rapidly changing world, organisations are constantly presented with threats and opportunities and the need to be responsive and resilient. This necessitates developing risk and uncertainty management capabilities within organisations. This article aims to consider risk and uncertainty competence, knowledge, skills, attitudes and the behaviours required by contemporary managers to protect their organisations from threat and harm, whilst seizing opportunity and reward.Design/methodology/approachThis article presents answers to three fundamental questions: (1) Do all managers (those not specialising in risk management) need to be competent in risk and uncertainty management? (2) What does risk competence mean? and (3) How can managers develop the capabilities to become risk competent? The content can be used by practicing managers or educators to develop individual and ultimately organisational risk competence.FindingsAll contemporary managers should have some degree of risk competence. Risk competence behavioural indicators and requisite risk knowledge and skills are identified and discussed.Originality/valueThis article provides a contemporary view on risk and uncertainty management competence, drawing on relevant competence frameworks and the existing risk literature.
A democratic school: Teacher reconciliation, child-centred dialogue and emergent democracy
Authors: Motherway Gillen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article is an exploration of a democratic school where the author spent several years researching and engaging with teachers and students while investigating the practice of Philosophy for/with Children (P4C) within Irish Educate Together schools. I offer an account of how teachers in these contexts seek to reconcile and harmonise their P4C practice with their own educational and democratic outlooks. These perspectives were uncovered through a ‘lived enquiry’ study involving deep immersion in the day-to-day life of a school as a researcher and P4C practitioner. Teachers seeking to reconcile their practice with their views in this context resulted in the children in their classrooms learning through democratic processes, where democracy is not merely prescribed, but instead becomes a way of life. By drawing upon excerpts of teacher interview data from my doctoral studies, I suggest that there is a ‘rough ground’ of practice where diverse and unique perspectives can be revealed when lived, deeply immersive and sensitive approaches are taken towards practitioners and their communities. The intertwining of Educate Together and P4C philosophies of education is explored, with particular emphasis on the notion of child-centredness, dialogue and philosophical enquiry with children. Expanding on the democratic educational ideas of Biesta and Fielding, I argue that there is a deeply contextual and philosophically compelling connection between teachers engaging in P4C, the atmosphere or environment in which dialogue with children can occur and a different understanding of democracy through education that may result.
Blockade of endocannabinoid system by oxytocin attenuates memory deficits in oxycodone‐treated rats
Authors: Wan Yu‐Xiao , Shi Guang , Jian Ling‐Yan , Fan Xin‐Yu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOxycodone is a highly prescribed opioid and its abuse has been rampant. Accumulating evidence shows that the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) plays a key role in mediating rewarding effects to opioids. However, the downstream signalling of CB1R induced by oxycodone remains unclear. The neuropeptide oxytocin is well known as a potential remedy for drug addiction. Thus, our study aims to explore the mechanism of oxycodone‐induced learning and memory deficits underlying the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and the effect of oxytocin. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with oxycodone once a day for eight consecutive day. Novel object recognition, resident‐intruder and Morris Water Maze tests were employed to assess the cognitive, social and spatial memory of the rats after oxycodone withdrawal. The (co‐)expression of CB1R, cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), regulatory protein p25, tau and phosphorylated tau was measured 1 day after the last behavioural test. The histopathological staining and synaptic density in the hippocampus were observed as well. We found that oxycodone upregulated the expression of p‐GSK3β, co‐expression of p‐Cdk5 and p25 through CB1R. This finding was accompanied by elevation of pSer396, pSer404 in the tau, and reduction of the number of neurons, dendritic spines and synaptic density in the hippocampus. Furthermore, i.c.v. treatment with oxytocin ameliorates memory deficits in oxycodone‐treated rats through inhibition of the ECS. We propose further studies on the clinical use of this neuropeptide, which may potentially cure drug addiction.
Adapting the designated area of geographical indications to climate change
Authors: Henry Loïc 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the agricultural supply relocation of products under geographical indication (GI) labels as an option to adapt to climate change. I develop a stylized framework that endogenously relates the delineation of the production area of the GI product to the distribution of specific geographical characteristics and their influence on the quality of the product and the corresponding comparative advantages. The model can then study how the GI production area responds to climate‐related changes in the production conditions. The model shows that the GI production area can marginally expand as climate change worsens the production conditions, but it may disappear under more severe degradations. This opportunity to relocate current GIs hinges on striking a careful balance between mitigating climate‐induced yield losses and altering quality, but it is also threatened by political economy barriers that govern the redistribution of GI rents.