bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unfavorable social determinants of health are associated with higher burden of financial toxicity among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the US: findings from the National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Valero-Elizondo Javier , Javed Zulqarnain , Khera Rohan , Tano Mauricio E. , Dudum Ramzi , Acquah Isaac , Hyder Adnan A. , Andrieni Julia , Sharma Garima , Blaha Michael J. , Virani Salim S. , Blankstein Ron , Cainzos-Achirica Miguel , Nasir Khurram 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of financial toxicity, defined as excess financial strain from healthcare, in the US. Identifying factors that put patients at greatest risk can help inform more targeted and cost-effective interventions. Specific social determinants of health (SDOH) such as income are associated with a higher risk of experiencing financial toxicity from healthcare, however, the associations between more comprehensive measures of cumulative social disadvantage and financial toxicity from healthcare are poorly understood.

Methods
Using the National Health Interview Survey (2013–17), we assessed patients with self-reported ASCVD. We identified 34 discrete SDOH items, across 6 domains: economic stability, education, food poverty, neighborhood conditions, social context, and health systems. To capture the cumulative effect of SDOH, an aggregate score was computed as their sum, and divided into quartiles, the highest (quartile 4) containing the most unfavorable scores. Financial toxicity included presence of: difficulty paying medical bills, and/or delayed/foregone care due to cost, and/or cost-related medication non-adherence.

Results
Approximately 37% of study participants reported experiencing financial toxicity from healthcare, with a prevalence of 15% among those in SDOH Q1 vs 68% in SDOH Q4. In fully-adjusted regression analyses, individuals in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartiles of the aggregate SDOH score had 1.90 (95% CI 1.60, 2.26), 3.66 (95% CI 3.11, 4.35), and 8.18 (95% CI 6.83, 9.79) higher odds of reporting any financial toxicity from healthcare, when compared with participants in the 1st quartile. The associations were consistent in age-stratified analyses, and were also present in analyses restricted to non-economic SDOH domains and to 7 upstream SDOH features.

Conclusions
An unfavorable SDOH profile was strongly and independently associated with subjective financial toxicity from healthcare. This analysis provides further evidence to support policies and interventions aimed at screening for prevalent financial toxicity and for high financial toxicity risk among socially vulnerable groups.
The course of psychiatric symptoms in older age bipolar disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Orhan Melis , Korten Nicole , Kok Almar , Loef Dore , Kupka Ralph , Schouws Sigfried , van Oppen Patricia , Dols Annemiek 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic gives us the unique opportunity to study the course of psychiatric symptoms and resilience in older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD) whilst experiencing a collective long lasting stressor. The aim of this study was to investigate the course of depressive, manic and anxiety symptoms in OABD during the first six months of COVID-19 and how loneliness and mastery are associated with this course. Mastery is defined as the control one experiences over one’s life and environment. Resilience is defined as adaptation to challenging life conditions encompassing several aspects of personal resources.

Methods
In April 2020 (n = 81), June 2020 (n = 66) and September 2020 (n = 51), participants were included from the Dutch Older Bipolars (DOBi) cohort study.

Results
Depressive, manic and anxiety symptoms increased over all timepoints. Participants with a higher sense of mastery experienced a greater increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms. Loneliness did not interact with the course of these symptoms.

Conclusions
OABD were resilient in the first months of COVID-19 outbreak, however depressive, manic and anxiety symptoms increased as the pandemic continued. Treatment strategies in coping with long lasting stressful events should include the focus on sense of mastery.
Mathematical analysis of fractional-order Caputo’s derivative of coronavirus disease model via Laplace Adomian decomposition method
Authors: Yunus Akeem O. , Olayiwola Morufu O. , Adedokun Kamilu A. , Adedeji Joseph. A. , Alaje Ismaila A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The world's survival ability has been threatened by the COVID-19 outbreak. The possibility of the virus reemerging in the future should not be disregarded, even if it has been confined to certain areas of the world after wreaking such havoc. This is because it is impossible to prove that the virus has been totally eliminated. This research attempts to investigate the spread and control of the COVID-19 virus in Nigeria using the Caputo fractional order derivative in a proposed model.

Results
We proposed a competent nine-compartment model of Corona virus infection. It starts by demonstrating that the model is epidemiologically sound in terms of solution existence and uniqueness. The basic reproduction threshold R0 was determined using the next-generation matrix technique. We applied the Laplace-Adomian decomposition method to the fractional-order Caputo's derivative model of the Corona virus disease to produce the approximate solution of the model analytically. The obtained results, in the form of an infinite series, were simulated using the MAPLE 18 package to investigate the effect of fractional order derivative on the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission in the model and shed light on methods of eradication. The graphical interpretations of the simulation process were shown and discussed accordingly.

Conclusions
The study reveals the effect of the Caputo fractional order derivative in the transmission dynamics of the disease. Individual recovery was found to be greatest at an integer order, which represents the full implementation of other factors such as treatment, vaccination, and disease transmission reduction. Hence, we advised that researchers, government officials, and health care workers make use of the findings of this study to provide ways in which disease transmission will be reduced to a minimum to stop the prevalence of COVID-19 by applying the findings of this study.
Impact of Geriatric Assessment and Management on Quality of Life, Unplanned Hospitalizations, Toxicity, and Survival for Older Adults With Cancer: The Randomized 5C Trial
Authors: Puts Martine , Alqurini Naser , Strohschein Fay , Koneru Rama , Szumacher Ewa , Mariano Caroline , Monette Johanne , Hsu Tina , Brennenstuhl Sarah , McLean Bianca , Wills Aria , Berger Arielle , Amir Eitan , Romanovsky Lindy , Li Anson , Mehta Rajin , Krzyzanowska Monika , Elser Christine , Jang Raymond , Prica Anca , Wan-Chow-Wah Doreen , Pitters Eric , Emmenegger Urban , Menjak Ines B. , Bergman Simon , Lemonde Manon , Breunis Henriette , Béland Francois , Alibhai Shabbir M.H. 
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE American Society of Clinical Oncology recommends that older adults with cancer being considered for chemotherapy receive geriatric assessment (GA) and management (GAM), but few randomized controlled trials have examined its impact on quality of life (QOL). PATIENTS AND METHODS The 5C study was a two-group parallel 1:1 single-blind multicenter randomized controlled trial of GAM for 6 months versus usual oncologic care. Eligible patients were age 70+ years, diagnosed with a solid tumor, lymphoma, or myeloma, referred for first-/second-line chemotherapy or immunotherapy or targeted therapy, and had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2. The primary outcome QOL was measured with the global health scale of the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL questionnaire and analyzed with a pattern mixture model using an intent-to-treat approach (at 6 and 12 months). Secondary outcomes included functional status, grade 3-5 treatment toxicity; health care use; satisfaction; cancer treatment plan modification; and overall survival. RESULTS From March 2018 to March 2020, 350 participants were enrolled. Mean age was 76 years and 40.3% were female. Fifty-four percent started treatment with palliative intent. Eighty-one (23.1%) patients died. GAM did not improve QOL (global QOL of 4.4 points [95% CI, 0.9 to 8.0] favoring the control arm). There was also no difference in survival, change in treatment plan, unplanned hospitalization/emergency department visits, and treatment toxicity between groups. CONCLUSION GAM did not improve QOL. Most intervention group participants received GA on or after treatment initiation per patient request. Considering recent completed trials, GA may have benefit if completed before treatment selection. The COVID-19 pandemic may have affected our QOL outcome and intervention delivery for some participants.
Impact of a Hospital-Based Specialty Pharmacy in Partnership With a Care Coordination Organization on Time to Delivery and Receipt of Oral Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Beauchemin Melissa P. , Lichtenstein Morgan R.L. , Raghunathan Rohit , Doshi Sahil D. , Lee Shing , Law Cynthia , Accordino Melissa K. , Elkin Elena B. , Wright Jason D. , Hershman Dawn L. 
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE: Oral anticancer drug (OACD) prescriptions require extensive coordination between providers and payers, which can delay drug receipt. Specialty pharmacies facilitate communication between multiple entities. In 2018, our cancer center partnered with a freestanding organization to implement a hospital-based specialty pharmacy (HB-SP). We evaluated the time to drug receipt (TTR) before and after HB-SP implementation. METHODS: Data were prospectively collected on all new OACD prescriptions for adult oncology patients from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019. In fall 2018, a HB-SP was initiated. We collected patient sociodemographic, clinical, and prescription data. TTR was the number of days from OACD prescription to drug receipt. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine factors associated with TTR ≤ 7 days before and after HB-SP implementation. RESULTS: In total, 954 patients were included, representing 1,102 new OACDs. The majority of prescribed drugs were targeted OACDs (56%, n = 617), and 71% (n = 779) required prior authorization. Of all prescriptions, 84% (n = 960) were successfully received with an overall median TTR of 7 days. In unadjusted analysis, HB-SP implementation, drug class, race and ethnicity, and prior authorization requirement were significantly associated with TTR. Adjusted analyses found that patients were more likely to receive their drugs ≤ 7 days after HB-SP implementation (53% v 47%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.29; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.68; P = .05). CONCLUSION: The implementation of a HB-SP in partnership with a collaborative care model contributed to a decrease in TTR for OACDs. This difference is in part attributable to improved care coordination and communication. A centralized approach may improve overall efficiency due to fewer practice disruptions.
Chemische Untersuchung an Töpfen aus den Latrinen 1-5
Authors: Stern Willem B. 
Published: December 2022

Typologisch ähnliche Scherben einer Gebrauchskeramik finden sich in verschiedenen Latrinen. Makroskopisch sind Unterschiede bezüglich Magerung und Brand feststellbar, und es erhebt sich die Frage,

ob die stoffliche Heterogenität innerhalb eines Objekts (z.B. eines Topfes) ähnlich ist wie die chemische Variationsbreite typologisch ähnlicher Stücke aus einem Fundkomplex oder kleiner.
ob typologisch ähnliche Keramik aus verschiedenen Latrinen eine ähnliche chemische Zusammensetzung aufweist, oder ob ein „latrinenspezifischer“ Chemismus existiert (typologisch ähnliche Ware, aber unterschiedliche Herkunft).
ob typologisch ähnliche Keramik aus anderen Fundstellen in Basel sich chemisch abgrenzen lässt.
ob stoffliche Unterschiede zwischen Scherben ungleichen Brandes belegbar sind.
um welches Mineral es sich bei der makroskopisch sichtbaren weissen Magerung handelt.
Practice on fifth-generation core (5GC) network fault self-recovery based on a Digital Twin
Authors: Zheng Yifeng , Kong Huaming , Wang Na , Li Mei , Wang Xiaoyu , Xia Zhesheng , Wang Pei , Wang Chenhao 
Published: December 2022

Background: The development of cloud-based, service-focused and intelligent networks has increased the demand for highly reliable, error-tolerant and computationally efficient means of reducing the costs associated with network operation, maintenance, testing and innovations. Methods: We present a fault self-recovery method for fifth-generation core (5GC) networks. Data models are built according to the data governance approach to include the equipment, links and services of the physical network in the digital twin. Visual topology technology is used to extract knowledge-as-a-service (KaaS) capabilities such as call quality tests, fault-propagation chain reasoning and disaster recovery analysis. Results: The proposed method realises 5GC closed-loop self-recovery through four processes: perception, analysis, decision-making and execution. In tests, it achieved 5GC network fault detection in 1 min, delimitation in 20 min, and recovery in 5 min. Conclusions: Through the network digital twin technology, based on the model and state data, the twinning capabilities such as simulation and event topology can be used to realize the network anomaly perception, fault rapid confinement and service survival decision, thus effectively improving the fault processing efficiency and reducing the fault impact.
A prospective assessment of gait kinematics and related clinical examination measures in cerebral palsy crouch gait
Authors: O'Sullivan Rory , French Helen , Horgan Frances 
Published: December 2022

Background While prospectively assessed crouch gait in cerebral palsy (CP) does not necessarily progress, prospective changes in clinical examination measures have not been reported. This study prospectively examined the association between selected clinical examination variables and change in crouch gait in a cohort with bilateral CP. Methods Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of ambulant bilateral CP, knee flexion at mid-stance >190 and a minimum of two-years between gait analyses. The change in kinematic variables was assessed using Statistical Parameter Mapping (SPM) and changes in clinical measures using appropriate paired tests. Linear regression examined the association between progression of crouch and clinical examination variables. Results There was no mean change in crouch in 27 participants over 3.29 years. However, there was significant variability within this group. Clinical hamstring tightness (60.000 to 70.480, p<0.01) and external knee rotation during stance (SPM analysis, p<0.001) increased but there was no association between changes in clinical examination variables and changes in crouch (p-values 0.06 - 0.89). Conclusions The variability crouch gait progression highlights the pitfall of group mean values in such a heterogeneous population. The lack of association between changes in clinical examination variables and changes in crouch highlights the multi-factorial aetiology of this gait pattern and the need for larger prospective studies.
Phylogeny-wide analysis of G-protein coupled receptors in social amoebas and implications for the evolution of multicellularity
Authors: Hall Grant , Kelly Sarah , Schaap Pauline , Schilde Christina 
Published: December 2022

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven-transmembrane proteins and constitute the largest group of receptors within eukaryotes. The presence of a large set of GPRCs in the unicellular Amoebozoa was surprising and is indicative of the largely undiscovered environmental sensing capabilities in this group. Evolutionary transitions from unicellular to multicellular lifestyles, like we see in social amoebas, have occurred several times independently in the Amoebozoa, and GPCRs may have been co-opted for new functions in cell-cell communication. Methods We have analysed a set of GPCRs from fully sequenced Amoebozoan genomes by Bayesian inference, compared their phylogenetic distribution and domain composition, and analysed their temporal and spatial expression patterns in five species of dictyostelids. Results We found evidence that most GPCRs are conserved deeply in the Amoebozoa and are probably performing roles in general cell functions and complex environmental sensing. All families of GPCRs (apart from the family 4 fungal pheromone receptors) are present in dictyostelids with family 5 being the largest and family 2 the one with the fewest members. For the first time, we identify the presence of family 1 rhodopsin-like GPCRs in dictyostelids. Some GPCRs have been amplified in the dictyostelids and in specific lineages thereof and through changes in expression patterns may have been repurposed for signalling in multicellular development. Discussion Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that GPCR families 1, 2 and 6 already diverged early in the Amoebozoa, whereas families 3 and 5 expanded later within the dictyostelids. The family 6 cAMP receptors that have experimentally supported roles in multicellular development in dictyostelids (carA-carD; tasA/B) originated at the root of all dictyostelids and only have weakly associated homologs in Physarum polycephalum. Our analysis identified candidate GPCRs which have evolved in the dictyostelids and could have been co-opted for multicellular development.
Investigating where adolescents engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviour: An exploratory study
Authors: Christensen Alex , Griffiths Claire , Hobbs Matthew , Gorse Chris , Radley Duncan 
Published: December 2022

Background
There is a persistent lack of understanding on the influence of the environment on behaviour and health. While the environment is considered an important modifiable determinant of health behaviour, past research assessing environments often relies on static, researcher-defined buffers of arbitrary distance. This likely leads to misrepresentation of true environmental exposures. This exploratory study aims to compare researcher-defined and self-drawn buffers in reflecting the spaces and time adolescents engage in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour. It also investigates if adolescent’s access the PA facility and greenspace nearest their home or school for PA, as well as examine how much time adolescents spent in PA at any PA facilities and greenspaces.

Methods
Adolescents (aged 14–18 years; n = 34) were recruited from schools in West Yorkshire, England. Seven consecutive days of global positioning system (GPS) and accelerometer data were collected at 15 second intervals. Using ArcGIS, we compared 30 different researcher-defined buffers including: radial, network and ellipse buffers at 400m, 800m, 1000m, 1600m and 3000m and participant-defined self-drawn neighbourhoods to objectively measured PA and sedentary space and PA time. Location of PA was also compared to Points of Interest data to determine if adolescents use the nearest PA facility or greenspace to their home or school and to examine how much PA was undertaken within these locations.

Results
Our exploratory findings show the inadequacy of researcher-defined buffer size in assessing MVPA space or sedentary space. Furthermore, less than 35% of adolescents used the greenspaces or PA facilities nearest to their home or school. Approximately 50% of time spent in PA did not occur within the home, school, PA facility, or greenspace environments.

Conclusion
Our exploratory findings help to begin to quantify the inadequacy of researcher-defined, and self-drawn buffers in capturing adolescent MVPA and sedentary space, as well as time spent in PA. Adolescents often do not use PA facilities and greenspaces nearest their home and school and a large proportion of PA is achieved outside PA facilities and greenspaces. Further research with larger samples are needed to confirm the findings of this exploratory study.
Quality of life among patients with the common chronic disease during COVID-19 pandemic in Northwest Ethiopia: A structural equation modelling
Authors: Ayele Tadesse Awoke , Shibru Fanta Habtewold , Mequanent Sisay Malede , Melese Yilma Tesfahun , Fentie Melkitu , Azale Telake , Belachew Tariku , Shitu Kegnie , Alamneh Tesfa Sewunet 
Published: December 2022

Background
Improving Quality of Life (QoL) for patients with chronic diseases is a critical step in controlling disease progression and preventing complications. The COVID-19 pandemic has hampered chronic disease management, lowering patients’ quality of life. Thus, we aimed to assess the quality of life and its determinants in patients with common chronic diseases, in Northwest Ethiopia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1815 randomly selected chronic patients with common chronic diseases. A standardized WHOQOL BREF tool was used, and electronic data collection was employed with the kobo toolbox data collection server. Overall QoL and the domains of Health-Related Quality of life (HRQoL) were determined. Structural equation modelling was done to estimate independent variables’ direct and indirect effects. Path coefficients with a 95% confidence interval were reported.

Results
About one in third, (33.35%) and 11.43% of the study participants had co-morbid conditions and identified complications, respectively. The mean score of QoL was 56.3 ranging from 14.59 and 98.95. The environmental domain was the most affected domain of HRQoL with a mean score of 52.18. Age, psychological, and environmental domains of HRQoL had a direct positive effect on the overall QoL while the physical and social relationships domains had an indirect positive effect. On the other hand, the number of medications taken, the presence of comorbidity, and complications had a direct negative impact on overall QoL. Furthermore, both rural residency and the presence of complications had an indirect negative effect on overall QoL via the mediator variables of environmental and physical health, respectively.

Conclusion
The quality of life was compromised in chronic disease patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the environmental domain of HRQoL was the most affected. Several socio-demographic and clinical factors had an impact on QoL, either directly or indirectly. These findings highlighted the importance of paying special attention to rural residents, patients with complications, patients taking a higher number of medications, and patients with comorbidity.