bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A learning health system approach to the COVID‐19 pandemic: System‐wide changes in clinical practice and 30‐day mortality among hospitalized patients
Authors: McCreary Erin K. , Kip Kevin E. , Bariola J. Ryan , Schmidhofer Mark , Minnier Tami , Mayak Katelyn , Albin Debbie , Daley Jessica , Linstrum Kelsey , Hernandez Erik , Sackrowitz Rachel , Hughes Kailey , Horvat Christopher , Snyder Graham M. , McVerry Bryan J. , Yealy Donald M. , Huang David T. , Angus Derek C. , Marroquin Oscar C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionRapid, continuous implementation of credible scientific findings and regulatory approvals is often slow in large, diverse health systems. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic created a new threat to this common “slow to learn and adapt” model in healthcare. We describe how the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) committed to a rapid learning health system (LHS) model to respond to the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsA treatment cohort study was conducted among 11 429 hospitalized patients (pediatric/adult) from 22 hospitals (PA, NY) with a primary diagnosis of COVID‐19 infection (March 19, 2020 ‐ June 6, 2021). Sociodemographic and clinical data were captured from UPMC electronic medical record (EMR) systems. Patients were grouped into four time‐defined patient “waves” based on nadir of daily hospital admissions, with wave 3 (September 20, 2020 ‐ March 10, 2021) split at its zenith due to high volume with steep acceleration and deceleration. Outcomes included changes in clinical practice (eg, use of corticosteroids, antivirals, and other therapies) in relation to timing of internal system analyses, scientific publications, and regulatory approvals, along with 30‐day rate of mortality over time.ResultsThe mean (SD) daily number of admissions across hospitals was 26 (29) with a maximum 7‐day moving average of 107 patients. System‐wide implementation of the use of dexamethasone, remdesivir, and tocilizumab occurred within days of release of corresponding seminal publications and regulatory actions. After adjustment for differences in patient clinical profiles over time, each month of hospital admission was associated with an estimated 5% lower odds of 30‐day mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.93‐0.97, P < .001).ConclusionsIn our large LHS, near real‐time changes in clinical management of COVID‐19 patients happened promptly as scientific publications and regulatory approvals occurred throughout the pandemic. Alongside these changes, patients with COVID‐19 experienced lower adjusted 30‐day mortality following hospital admission over time.
SnOct2‐Catalyzed and Alcohol‐Initiated ROPS of l‐Lactide—Control of the Molecular Weight and the Role of Cyclization
Authors: Kricheldorf Hans R. , Weidner Steffen M. , Scheliga Felix 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRing‐opening polymerizations (ROP) of l‐lactide (LA) are conducted in bulk at 130, 160, or 180 °C and are initiated with two different alcohols at 160 °C. The lactide/initiator ratio (LA/In) is varied from 50/1 (20/1 at 180 °C) to 900/1 and the lactide/catalyst ratio (LA/Cat) between 2000/1 and 8000/1. At all temperatures a nearly perfect control of number average molecular weight (Mn) via the LA/In ratio is feasible up to LA/In = 200/1, but at higher ratios the Mn value lags behind the theoretical values and the discrepancy increases with higher LA/Cat ratios. Variation of the LA/Cat ratio influences the formation of cycles but does not significantly influence Mn, when the LA/In ratio is kept constant. The formation of cycles is favored by lower In/Cat ratios and is the main reason for the unsatisfactory control of Mn at high LA/In ratios. The results also suggest that the cycles are mainly or exclusively formed by end‐to‐end cyclization and not, as believed previously, by back‐biting.
Incorporation of a Coumarate Based Corrosion Inhibitor in Waterborne Polymeric Binders for Corrosion Protection Applications
Authors: Quites Diulia , Leiza Jose Ramon , Mantione Daniele , Somers Anthony , Forsyth Maria , Paulis Maria 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe incorporation of organic corrosion inhibitors into waterborne coatings is optimized in this work. Herein, p‐coumaric acid (4‐hydroxycinnamic acid) is modified by a butyl radical and its effectiveness as an anticorrosive free inhibitor in solution is confirmed by potentiodynamic polarization (PP). The molecule is then successfully incorporated into waterborne polymeric binders by employing different polymerization techniques in dispersed media. Whenever possible, the inhibitor is also blended into the bare latexes to compare the effect of the incorporating method. The anticorrosion performance of the obtained coatings is tested and compared by electrochemical analysis. Promising results are obtained for the coatings produced by semibatch emulsion polymerization even at the low concentration of 1.5 mg of inhibitor g−1 latex. The intact control coating without inhibitor shows an impedance of up to 106 Ω and a phase angle of 72° after 1 h of immersion in the corrosive medium, meanwhile the coating with inhibitor shows higher values, 106.7 Ω and 80°. Active corrosion inhibition is observed in the coating with inhibitor in which a defect has been done, as the impedances drop to 103.9 Ω after 24 h of immersion in the saline solution while in the control scratched coating it drops to 103.6 Ω.
Progress in partial least squares structural equation modeling use in marketing research in the last decade
Authors: Sarstedt Marko , Hair Joseph F. , Pick Mandy , Liengaard Benjamin D. , Radomir Lăcrămioara , Ringle Christian M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPartial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) is an essential element of marketing researchers' methodological toolbox. During the last decade, the PLS‐SEM field has undergone massive developments, raising the question of whether the method's users are following the most recent best practice guidelines. Extending prior research in the field, this paper presents the results of a new analysis of PLS‐SEM use in marketing research, focusing on articles published between 2011 and 2020 in the top 30 marketing journals. While researchers were more aware of the when's and how's of PLS‐SEM use during the period studied, we find that there continues to be some delay in the adoption of model evaluation's best practices. Based on our review results, we provide recommendations for future PLS‐SEM use, offer guidelines for the method's application, and identify areas of further research interest.
Manipulated and Improved Photoinduced Deformation Property of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystal Elastomers by Copolymerization
Authors: Liu Zui , Guo Guangqiang , Liao Junqiu , Yuan Yongjie , Zhang Hailiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotoresponsive liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) have aroused much attention due to their unique structures, properties, and potential applications. However, many reported photoresponsive LCEs show small photoinduced deformation with a slow deformation speed, which limits their application to a certain extent. In this article, multiple hydrogen bond component and biphenyl component was introduced into photoresponsive LCEs bearing cyanostilbene by copolymerization, and prepared a series of LCEs CSm‐BPn (CS and BP means cyanostilbene and biphenyl component, respectively; m, n means the content ratio of CS and BP). All uniaxially oriented CSm‐BPn fibers show photoinduced deformation behavior under 365 nm UV light except for CS0‐BP5. The introduction of hydrogen bond and the decrease of glass transition temperature realize large deformation and fast deformation speed. Besides, the properties of LCEs are successfully regulated by changing the content ratio of each component. What's more interesting is that the addition of appropriate amount of biphenyl can significantly improve and manipulate the deformation property of the CSm‐BPn fibers. The maximum bending angle can reach 175°, and the whole photoinduced deformation process only takes 11 s. The photoresponsive LCEs with such large bending angle and fast deformation rate are rarely reported.
Solvent‐Free Synthesis and Processing of Conductive Elastomer Composites for Green Dielectric Elastomer Transducers
Authors: Danner Patrick M. , Iacob Mihail , Sasso Giacomo , Burda Iurii , Rieger Bernhard , Nüesch Frank , Opris Dorina M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStretchable electrodes are more suitable for dielectric elastomer transducers (DET) the closer the mechanical characteristics of the electrodes and elastomer are. Here, a solvent‐free synthesis and processing of conductive composites with excellent electrical and mechanical properties for transducers are presented. The composites are prepared by in situ polymerization of cyclosiloxane monomers in the presence of graphene nanoplatelets. The low viscosity of the monomer allows for easy dispersion of the filler, eliminating the need for a solvent. After the polymerization, a cross‐linking agent is added at room temperature, the composite is solvent‐free screen‐printed, and the cross‐linking reaction is initiated by heating. The best material shows conductivity σ = 8.2 S cm–1, Young's modulus Y10% = 167 kPa, and strain at break s = 305%. The electrode withstands large strains without delamination, shows no conductivity losses during repeated operation for 500 000 cycles, and has an excellent recovery of electrical properties upon being stretched at strains of up to 180%. Reliable prototype capacitive sensors and stack actuators are manufactured by screen‐printing the conductive composite on the dielectric film. Stack actuators manufactured from dielectric and conductive materials that are synthesized solvent‐free are demonstrated. The stack actuators even self‐repair after a breakdown event.
Clinical and socioenvironmental characterizations associated with the genealogical analysis of a group of Dominican patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate
Authors: Arévalo‐Caro Catalina , Silva‐Vetri María Guadalupe , Díaz Clara Arteaga , Villadiego Saret Pineda , Martinez Ángela Ramirez , Federico Bezaleht Joaquín 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroduction and AimIn the Dominican Republic, there is an important number of individuals affected by nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NS CL/P); in the search for the etiology, this study sought to determine the inheritance pattern of NS CL/P and to establish possible associations with clinical and socioenvironmental characteristics in a group of affected patients.Materials and MethodsThe type of cleft was characterized according to the general phenotypic category, the family trees were built according to Bennett et al. (2008, 10.1007/s10897‐008‐9169‐9), the socioenvironmental factors analyzed were tobacco consumption, alcohol, and radiation exposure.ResultsSeventy‐eight patients were analyzed, among whom severe phenotypes were more prevalent, including complete cleft lip and palate (CLP) (61.53%) and bilateral clefts (64%). In the analysis of genealogies, it was determined that 81.5% of the families were sporadic cases, 12.3% were autosomal dominant inheritance, and 6.2% were presented with a multifactorial inheritance. The consumption of alcohol was the most common socioenvironmental factor. There were no reports on the evaluated socioenvironmental factors in cases where heredity was determined as autosomal dominant. No inbred relationships were observed.ConclusionThere were diverse inheritance models for NS CL/P in patients from the Dominican Republic. Sporadic cases constituted the most frequent condition, followed by the existing families with autosomal dominance, and multifactorial inheritance. The absence of socioenvironmental factors commonly associated with pathology in families with autosomal dominant inheritance supports the hypothesis of a more significant genetic influence in this type of inheritance.
The toll of transition: Caregiver perceptions of family adjustment during the transition off pediatric cancer therapy
Authors: Jones Anna M. , Browne Emily K. , Adams Kristen , Potter Brian S. , McLaughlin Crabtree Valerie , Jurbergs Niki , Heidelberg R. Elyse , Tillery Webster Rachel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe role of transition‐focused psychology appointments in managing the transition off therapy is unclear. The objective of this research was to explore caregiver perceived familial distress and the role of psychology in preparing families for transition.MethodsFifty‐seven caregivers of youth, who finished treatment, completed an online questionnaire through a quality improvement project on experiences of families at transition. Twenty‐two percent of caregivers had children who completed a transition‐focused psychology consult and 63% completed a cognitive assessment at transition. Retrospective analyses were conducted assessing the association of psychology visits on caregiver perceptions of being informed of and prepared to manage transition‐related challenges.ResultsMost caregivers reported experiencing adjustment concerns for family members. Caregivers of children completing a transition‐focused psychology consult or cognitive assessment reported feeling more informed and greater preparedness to manage difficulties. Although decreased distress was not associated with the visit, those who felt more informed and prepared reported lower distress.ConclusionsCaregivers perceive transitioning off therapy as stressful for their family, though they experience decreased familial distress when informed of and prepared to manage transition‐related challenges. These findings highlight the importance of psychosocial support at transition.
The effect of dimerization and ligand binding on the dynamics of Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus protease
Authors: Bern David , Tobi Dror 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus protease is essential for virus maturation. This protease functions under allosteric regulation that establishes its enzymatic activity upon dimerization. It exists in equilibrium between an inactive monomeric state and an active, weakly associating, dimeric state that is stabilized upon ligand binding. The dynamics of the protease dimer and its monomer were studied using the Gaussian network model and the anisotropic network model , and its role in mediating the allosteric regulation is demonstrated. We show that the dimer is composed of five dynamical domains. The central domain is formed upon dimerization and composed of helix five of each monomer, in addition to proximal and distal domains of each monomer. Dimerization reduces the mobility of the central domains and increases the mobility of the distal domains, in particular the binding site within them. The three slowest ANM modes of the dimer assist the protease in ligand binding, motion of the conserved Arg142 and Arg143 toward the oxyanion, and reducing the activation barrier for the tetrahedral transition state by stretching the bond that is cleaved by the protease. In addition, we show that ligand binding reduces the motion of helices α1 and α5 at the interface and explain how ligand binding can stabilize the dimer.
Structural insights into the discrepant synergistic activity of Codlemone and (Z)‐8‐dodecenol towards Grapholita molesta pheromones
Authors: Liu Jiyuan , Zhou Tong , Li Ruichi , Tian Zhen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsect pheromone synergists have been widely used to produce potent pheromone products for environment‐friendly pest control. Codlemone (Cod) and (Z)‐8‐dodecenol (Dod) are two major Grapholita molesta pheromone synergists, with Cod having greater synergism and affinity for G. molesta pheromone binding protein 2 (GmolPBP2). Uncovering structural information key to the different binding affinity of Cod and Dod to GmolPBP2 would gain insights into what causes their synergy activity discrepancy.RESULTSBinding modes of the two synergists in the binding pocket of GmolPBP2 were analyzed and compared by molecular dynamics‐based approaches. Although Cod and Dod were stabilized in a similar hydrophobic pocket, their interaction details with GmolPBP2 were divergent due to the extra double bond (C10═C11) in Cod. The C10═C11 improved the hydrophobic interactions of Cod with around residues. Such hydrophobic interaction improvement was also reflected in the raised importance of Phe11 in the GmolPBP2‐Cod interaction. Not only that, the increased hydrophobic forces introduced by the C10═C11 changed the CH2–OH orientation in the GmolPBP2‐Cod complex, which improved the H‐bond interaction. Electrostatic complementarity analysis further indicated the positive role of C10═C11 in optimizing GmolPBP2‐Cod interaction.CONCLUSIONThe C10═C11 is thought to contribute greatly to Cod's stronger synergy as a group key to the higher GmolPBP2‐affinity, based on which the improvement directions for Cod and Dod were addressed as well. Our findings will aid in the development and optimization of more effective pheromone synergists, resulting in more effective pheromone‐based pest management.
Nitrogen‐doped Graphene Loaded with Cobalt Nanoparticles as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Zhang Hong , Li Yanping , Han Gaoyi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDeveloping non‐noble‐metal electrocatalysts used for efficient oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) is greatly significant in the advancement of fuel cells. Herein, a novel electrocatalyst Co/N−G has been synthesized via simply pyrolyzing the mixture of amino phenanthroline (NH2‐Phen), graphene oxide and cobalt salt. The microstructure of the catalyst has been characterized by using HADDF‐STEM, XRD, Raman and XPS, the results indicate that the precursor complex has formed Co nanoparticle during the high‐temperature pyrolysis process. The obtained catalyst of Co/N−G shows relatively good ORR catalytic activity (E1/2=0.80 V) and almost 4e− oxygen reduction pathway in alkaline. In addition, the Co/N−G catalyst shows better methanol‐tolerant ability and longer‐term stability than Pt/C catalyst.
New One Pot and Efficient Four‐Components Reaction for Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydrothiophene Carbamate Derivatives
Authors: Boudebbous Khawla , Boulcina Raouf , Harakat Dominique , Roisnel Thierry , Debache Abdelmadjid 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA new series of 2,3‐dihydrothiophenes bearing ethyl carbamate moiety (4 a–4 l) was designed and synthesized through a facile synthetic route involving domino ring‐opening/recyclization reaction of 1,3‐thiazolidinedione. The synthesis was achieved via a novel one‐pot four‐component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and 1,3‐thiazolidinedione, using 4‐dimethylaminopyridine as base catalyst under ethanol reflux. The molecular structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by usual spectroscopic techniques such as FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS methods. X‐ray diffraction was used to confirm the structures of compounds 4 d and 4 j. Readily available starting materials, atom‐efficient routes employing more mild reaction conditions and environmentally benign are the attracting features of this current protocol.
Multi‐Strategy Architecture of High‐Efficiency Electrocatalysts for Underwater Zn–H2O2 Batteries with Superior Power Density of 442 mW cm−2
Authors: Yue Cuiyu , Zhang Nian , Zhu Zhenjiang , Chen Peng , Meng Fancheng , Liu Xiaosong , Wei Xiangfeng , Liu Jiehua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA facile multistage regulated strategy is reported to synthesize ZnCo‐NC based carbon nanotubes including DMEA induced crystallization, Zn ion activation, and magnetic control growth of carbon nanotubes. Uniform Co distribution and the modulation of Zn, and their catalytic properties are carefully investigated by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The surface contents of pyridinic N for the oxygen‐reduction reaction (ORR) and the surface contents of CoNx and high valence Co for the oxygen‐evolution reaction (OER) can be significantly modulated by Zn content in precursors and the sintering temperature. Furthermore, the catalyst also contains high specific surface areas, high porosity, and high electrochemical active surfaces. Therefore, the ZnCo‐NC based catalyst exhibits outstanding bifunctional electrocatalytic activities for ORR with a high Eonset (1.02 V) and E1/2 (0.91 V) and OER with low Ej=10 (1.56 V), better than Pt/C and RuO2. Importantly, the ZnCo‐NC based Zn–H2O2 batteries achieve the superior power density of 442 mW cm−2, much higher than 238 and 198 mW cm−2 of Zn–air batteries with ZnCo‐NC based catalyst and Pt/C respectively. More importantly, the high‐power Zn–H2O2 batteries can work well in underwater conditions while Zn–air batteries are out of work.
Surface Protection and Interface Regulation for Zn Anode via 1‐Hydroxy Ethylidene‐1,1‐Diphosphonic Acid Electrolyte Additive toward High‐Performance Aqueous Batteries
Authors: Li Min , Xie Kaixuan , Peng Ruiying , Yuan Boyu , Wang Qinghong , Wang Chao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetallic zinc is regarded as an ideal anode material for high‐energy aqueous zinc ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity, low cost, and abundant resource. However, the undesirable dendrite formation and side reactions occurring on Zn anode during the long‐term cycling process seriously restrict the electrochemical performance of the device. Herein, 1‐hydroxy ethylidene‐1,1‐diphosphonic acid (HEDP) is used as electrolyte additive to release the chemical corrosion and hydrogen evolution occurring on Zn anode based on the absorption of HEDP on the Zn foil. Moreover, the strong coordination of HEDP with Zn2+ can balance ion flux at the electrode/electrolyte interface, thus inducing uniform Zn deposition. Thereby, Zn anode exhibits a prolonged cycle life of reversible Zn plating/stripping under different current densities (2800 h at 2 mA cm‐2, 1 mAh cm‐2, and more than 1772 h at 4 mA cm‐2, 1 mAh cm‐2). Moreover, the cell shows a high average coulombic efficiency of ≈99.6% for ≈600 cycles at 1 mA cm‐2 with a cycling capacity of 1 mAh cm‐2. This work provides a facile yet effective method for developing reversible aqueous zinc metal batteries.
Targeted Nanoparticle for Co‐delivery of HER2 siRNA and a Taxane to Mirror the Standard Treatment of HER2+ Breast Cancer: Efficacy in Breast Tumor and Brain Metastasis
Authors: Ngamcherdtrakul Worapol , Bejan Daniel S. , Cruz‐Muñoz William , Reda Moataz , Zaidan Husam Y. , Siriwon Natnaree , Marshall Suphalak , Wang Ruijie , Nelson Molly A. , Rehwaldt Justin P. C. , Gray Joe W. , Hynynen Kullervo , Yantasee Wassana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe first‐line treatment of advanced and metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2+) breast cancer requires two HER2‐targeting antibodies (trastuzumab and pertuzumab) and a taxane (docetaxel or paclitaxel). The three‐drug regimen costs over $320,000 per treatment course, requires a 4 h infusion time, and has many adverse side effects, while achieving only 18 months of progression‐free survival. To replace this regimen, reduce infusion time, and enhance efficacy, a single therapeutic is developed based on trastuzumab‐conjugated nanoparticles for co‐delivering docetaxel and siRNA against HER2 (siHER2). The optimal nanoconstruct has a hydrodynamic size of 100 nm and specifically treats HER2+ breast cancer cells over organ‐derived normal cells. In a drug‐resistant orthotopic HER2+ HCC1954 tumor mouse model, the nanoconstruct inhibits tumor growth more effectively than the docetaxel and trastuzumab combination. When coupled with microbubble‐assisted focused ultrasound that transiently disrupts the blood brain barrier, the nanoconstruct inhibits the growth of trastuzumab‐resistant HER2+ BT474 tumors residing in the brains of mice. The nanoconstruct has a favorable safety profile in cells and in mice. Combination therapies have become the cornerstone of cancer treatment and this versatile nanoparticle platform can co‐deliver multiple therapeutic types to ensure that they reach the target cells at the same time to realize their synergy.