bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanosecond Pulsed Laser‐Heated Nanocrystals Inside a Metal‐Organic Framework Matrix
Authors: Niemeyer Max , Bessel Patrick , Rusch Pascal , Himstedt Rasmus , Kranz Daniel , Borg Hadir , Bigall Nadja C. , Dorfs Dirk 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInvestigations on gold and gold‐zinc oxide nanocrystals encapsulated in a matrix of a metal‐organic framework (ZIF‐8) upon plasmonic heating with nanosecond laser pulses are presented. Irradiation of Au@ZIF‐8 composite particles leads to heating of the gold core and decomposition of surrounding matrix acting as temperature probe. Cavities inside the ZIF‐8 matrix are found on TEM images after irradiation. Their size is determined dependent on laser energy density and the generated heat at the gold core after absorption of a laser pulse approximated. The surrounding of the gold cores can be heated up to ZIF‐8 decomposition over a distance up to 60 nm. This represents a method to visualize heat transfer from the gold cores to the ZIF‐8 matrix in three dimensions. Studies on ZIF‐8 encapsulated Au@ZnO dot‐rod particles give insight in heat transfer between the particle components and show the applicability of the method to different, more complex systems.
Tucker's congruence regressive feature projected Tversky discriminant multiple instance learning boost data classification for school student dropout prediction
Authors: Chinnasamy Rajagopal , Balasubramanian Thangavel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrediction of student dropout in high school is a significant concern in education that affects both a state's education system and its financial system. Early prediction of school student dropout is not an easy issue to resolve since many factors that can influence student retention. The traditional classification techniques were used to solve this problem normally but the higher accuracy was not obtained. In order to improve the accuracy, a novel technique called Tucker's Congruence Regressive Target Feature Matching‐based Tversky Discriminant MIL Boost Data Classification (TCRTFM‐TDMBDC) is introduced. The proposed TCRTFM‐TDMBDC technique consists of four different processes namely data preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, and classification. At first, the data preprocessing is carried out for cleaning and altering the raw input data into a valuable and understandable format to minimize the complexity of the classification. After the preprocessing, the feature extraction is carried out by applying Modified Tucker's congruence correlative regression. Thirdly, the feature selection process is performed using Gaussian kernelized target projection feature matching to select the feature subset for accurate classification with minimum time consumption. Finally, the ensemble technique called Tversky Indxive generalized discriminant MIL boost is applied for classifying the given input student data with help of the weak learners. Based on the classification results, the student dropout prediction is accurately performed with minimum time. Experimental results reveal that the proposed technique noticeably predicts student dropout by means of prediction accuracy, precision, recall, F‐measure, and prediction time with respect to the number of student data. The discussed results illustrate that the proposed TCRTFM‐TDMBDC technique achieves higher accuracy with minimum prediction time than the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Deciphering the Role of Substitution in Transition‐Metal Phosphorous Trisulfide (100) Surface: A Highly Efficient and Durable Pt‐free ORR Electrocatalyst
Authors: Jana Rajkumar , Chowdhury Chandra , Datta Ayan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe rational design and development of earth‐abundant, cost‐effective, environmentally benign, and highly robust oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts can circumvent the obstacles associated with the large‐scale commercialization of fuel cells. Here, using first‐principles‐based density functional theory (DFT), we have computationally screened the potential and feasibility of transition‐metal phosphorous trisulfides (TMPS3) (100) surfaces as efficient ORR electrocatalyst in acidic fuel cell application. MnPS3(100) surface emerges to be the best among TMPS3surfaces with optimal O2activation resulting in very low overpotential. The study reveals that ORR occurs on the MnPS3surface via 4e reduction associative pathway where the kinetically rate‐determining step (RDS) is the formation of O*+H2O with an activation barrier of 0.66 eV. Additionally, high CO tolerance and easy desorption of H2O make MnPS3a robust catalyst. Substitution in half of the Mn sites of MnPS3(100) surface with Co considerably enhances the ORR activity. Mn0.5Co0.5PS3(100) surface exhibits an ultralow overpotential of 0.39 V vs RHE switching ORR pathway from associative to dissociative. Spontaneous dissociation of H2O2on Mn0.5Co0.5PS3proves 4e reduction pathway excluding 2e one. Electronic structure analysis reveals that pristine MnPS3(100) surface is a narrow band gap semiconductor which upon Co substitution transforms into a conducting metallic surface enhancing ORR activity. Besides, Mn0.5Co0.5PS3(100) surface obtains the apex of the volcano plot due to its optimal position of the d‐band center which further justifies the improved ORR activity. With Pt‐like onset potential, facile H2O desorption ability, and robust dynamic and thermal stability, this CO tolerant Mn0.5Co0.5PS3catalyst can be a potential alternative to Pt with encouraging practical viability.
Childhood maltreatment and self‐hatred as distinguishing characteristics of psychiatric patients with self‐harm: A comparison with clinical and healthy controls
Authors: Nilsson Magnus , Lundh Lars‐Gunnar , Westling Sofie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionDeliberate self‐harm (DSH) is common in clinical populations. Childhood maltreatment (CM) and attitudes both towards oneself and towards DSH may be of importance for the development of DSH. This study aimed to test whether patients with DSH report more CM, more negative attitudes towards oneself and more positive attitudes towards DSH than a clinical and a healthy comparison group, and whether the effects of CM are mediated by negative attitudes towards oneself.MethodFemales with DSH and psychiatric disorders (n = 34), females without DSH but with psychiatric disorders (n = 31) and healthy female individuals (n = 29) were compared regarding DSH, CM, attitudes towards the self and attitudes towards self‐harm.ResultsFemales with DSH reported more emotional abuse and more self‐hatred as compared to both comparison groups. The effect of emotional abuse was mediated by self‐hatred. The DSH‐group had significantly more positive attitudes towards DSH than the healthy comparison group.ConclusionSelf‐hatred and CM in the form of emotional abuse may be distinguishing characteristics of female patients with DSH in psychiatric settings. The present results are compatible with the hypothesis that emotional abuse leads to DSH via self‐hatred, but the cross‐sectional nature of the study precludes any causal conclusions. The clinical utility of the results is discussed.
Probabilistic characterization of the directionality of horizontal earthquake response spectra
Authors: Poulos Alan , Miranda Eduardo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEarthquake response spectral ordinates vary significantly with changes in orientation within the horizontal plane. This variation is characterized probabilistically in this study using a large database of recorded earthquake ground motions. For each ground motion record, response spectral ordinates are computed in all horizontal orientations as a function of the rotation angle with respect to the azimuth of maximum response and then normalized by (1) the maximum and (2) the median spectral ordinate from all these orientations. Nonlinear regression models are then fitted to the means, standard deviations, and correlations of both ratios, as a function of rotation angle. To achieve a more complete probabilistic description, probability distributions are fitted to both ratios at each rotation angle. These results can be used for several probabilistic seismic hazard computations, such as the sampling of response spectral ordinates at specific orientations within the same site.
Longitudinal white matter microstructural changes in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury: AnA‐CAPstudy
Authors: Ware Ashley L. , Yeates Keith Owen , Tang Ken , Shukla Ayushi , Onicas Adrian I. , Guo Sunny , Goodrich‐Hunsaker Naomi , Abdeen Nishard , Beauchamp Miriam H. , Beaulieu Christian , Bjornson Bruce , Craig William , Dehaes Mathieu , Doan Quynh , Deschenes Sylvain , Freedman Stephen B. , Goodyear Bradley G. , Gravel Jocelyn , Ledoux Andrée‐Anne , Zemek Roger , Lebel Catherine ,   Pediatric Emergency Research Canada A‐CAP Study Team
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the largest sample studied to date, white matter microstructural trajectories and their relation to persistent symptoms were examined after pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This prospective, longitudinal cohort study recruited children aged 8–16.99 years with mTBI or mild orthopedic injury (OI) from five pediatric emergency departments. Children's pre‐injury and 1‐month post‐injury symptom ratings were used to classify mTBI with or without persistent symptoms. Children completed diffusion‐weighted imaging at post‐acute (2–33 days post‐injury) and chronic (3 or 6 months via random assignment) post‐injury assessments. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were derived for 18 white matter tracts in 560 children (362 mTBI/198 OI), 407 with longitudinal data. Superior longitudinal fasciculus FA was higher in mTBI without persistent symptoms relative to OI,d(95% confidence interval) = 0.31 to 0.37 (0.02, 0.68), across time. In younger children, MD of the anterior thalamic radiations was higher in mTBI with persistent symptoms relative to both mTBI without persistent symptoms, 1.43 (0.59, 2.27), and OI, 1.94 (1.07, 2.81). MD of the arcuate fasciculus, −0.58 (−1.04, −0.11), and superior longitudinal fasciculus, −0.49 (−0.90, −0.09) was lower in mTBI without persistent symptoms relative to OI at 6 months post‐injury. White matter microstructural changes suggesting neuroinflammation and axonal swelling occurred chronically and continued 6 months post injury in children with mTBI, especially in younger children with persistent symptoms, relative to OI. White matter microstructure appears more organized in children without persistent symptoms, consistent with their better clinical outcomes.
Genetic variation in ST6GAL1 is a determinant of capecitabine and oxaliplatin induced hand‐foot syndrome
Authors: Watts Katie , Wills Christopher , Madi Ayman , Palles Claire , Maughan Timothy S. , Kaplan Richard , Al‐Tassan Nada A. , Kerr Rachel , Kerr David J. , Houlston Richard S. , Escott‐Price Valentina , Cheadle Jeremy P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCancer patients treated with capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) often develop hand‐foot syndrome (HFS) or palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia. Genetic variation in ST6GAL1 is a risk factor for type‐2 diabetes (T2D), a disease also associated with HFS. We analysed genome‐wide association data for 10 toxicities in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients from the COIN and COIN‐B trials. One thousand and fifty‐five patients were treated with XELOX ± cetuximab and 745 with folinic acid, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin ± cetuximab. We also analysed rs6783836 in ST6GAL1 with HFS in CRC patients from QUASAR2. Using UK Biobank data, we sought to confirm an association between ST6GAL1 and T2D (17 384 cases, 317 887 controls) and analysed rs6783836 against markers of diabetes, inflammation and psoriasis. We found that 68% of patients from COIN and COIN‐B with grade 2‐3 HFS responded to treatment as compared to 58% with grade 0‐1 HFS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02‐1.2, P = 2.0 × 10−4). HFS was also associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.84‐0.99, P = 4.6 × 10−2). rs6783836 at ST6GAL1 was associated with HFS in patients treated with XELOX (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 2.1‐4.6, P = 4.3 × 10−8) and was borderline significant in patients receiving capecitabine from QUASAR2, but with an opposite allele effect (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.42‐1.03, P = .05). ST6GAL1 was associated with T2D (lead SNP rs3887925, OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.92‐0.96, P = 1.2 × 10−8) and the rs6783836‐T allele was associated with lowered HbA1c levels (P = 5.9 × 10−3) and lymphocyte count (P = 2.7 × 10−3), and psoriasis (P = 7.5 × 10−3) beyond thresholds for multiple testing. In conclusion, HFS is a biomarker of treatment outcome and rs6783836 in ST6GAL1 is a potential biomarker for HFS with links to T2D and inflammation.
Non‐coding RNA regulatory networks in post‐transcriptional regulation of VEGFA in cancer
Authors: Fontemaggi Giulia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe switch from the normal quiescent vasculature to angiogenesis in tumors is induced by a variety of growth factors, released from cancer and stromal cells upon oxygen and nutrients deprivation. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF‐A) is a potent‐secreted mitogen and the only growth factor specific to endothelial cells that is observed almost ubiquitously at sites of angiogenesis. Expression of VEGF‐A in cancer cells is controlled through transcriptional and post‐transcriptional mechanisms. Post‐transcriptional regulation of VEGF‐A occurs at multiple levels, through the control of splicing, mRNA stability and translation rate, enabling a fine‐tuned expression and release of VEGF‐A. Mounting evidence is highlighting the important role played by microRNAs (miRNAs) in the control of VEGF‐A mRNA stability and translation in cancer. Moreover, non‐coding RNAs, as long non‐coding RNAs and circular RNAs, are emerging as crucial modulators of VEGF‐A‐targeting miRNAs, with consequent ability to modulate VEGF‐A expression. This review discusses the recent progress on the ncRNA‐related networks controlling VEGF‐A expression in cancer cells and provides insights into the complexity of VEGF‐A post‐transcriptional regulation.
Inside Cover
Authors: Wang Chen , Reynolds Justin C. , Calle Paul , Ladymon Avery D. , Yan Feng , Yan Yuyang , Ton Sam , Fung Kar‐ming , Patel Sanjay G. , Yu Zhongxin , Pan Chongle , Tang Qinggong 
Published: April 2022

A computer‐aided endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) device was developed to guide the Veress needle insertion into the abdominal cavity. Four tissue layers which Veress needle went through were successfully visualized. Convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to automatically recognize the tissues and estimate the distance between needle tip and small intestine. Promising prediction results (98.53±0.39% for tissue recognition accuracy and 4.42±0.56% for distance estimation relative error) were obtained.Further details can be found in the article by Chen Wang, Justin C. Reynolds, Paul Calle, Avery D. Ladymon, Feng Yan, Yuyang Yan, Sam Ton, Kar‐ming Fung, Sanjay G. Patel, Zhongxin Yu, Chongle Pan, and Qinggong Tang (e202100347)image
Association between red blood cell distribution width and blood transfusion in patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation: Propensity score analysis
Authors: Sim Ji‐Hoon , Kwon Hye‐Mee , Jun In‐Gu , Kim Sung‐Hoon , Kim Bomi , Kim Sehee , Song Jun‐Gol , Hwang Gyu‐Sam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundLiving donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been associated with massive transfusion. However, information on indicators predicting transfusion in LDLT is limited. This study investigates the association between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and intraoperative transfusion in LDLT recipients.MethodsThis study analyzed 2546 patients who underwent LDLT between January 2010 and October 2019. The patients were divided into two groups based on preoperative RDW cutoff level (<14.4 and ≥14.4). We performed multivariate regression analysis to assess the association between RDW and intraoperative transfusion. We also performed propensity score matching analysis to compare the incidence of intraoperative transfusion between the two groups. The predictive power of RDW was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI) analysis.ResultsIn the multivariate logistic analysis, RDW ≥14.4 was significantly associated with intraoperative transfusion (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13‐2.06, P = .005). There were significant differences in incidence of intraoperative transfusion between the two groups before (54.1% vs 91.6%, P < .001) and after (71.6% vs 79.8%, P = .004) matching. RDW had predictive power for intraoperative transfusion (P < .001 in NRI, P = .035 in IDI).ConclusionsPreoperative RDW is a potential predictor of intraoperative transfusion in LDLT recipients.
Psychoanalysizing science itself: Psychoanalysis, philosophy of science and scientific research in the institutionalization of Argentinian psychology (1962–1983)
Authors: Fierro Catriel , Araujo Saulo de Freitas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo clarify the historical origins of theoretical and methodological problems faced by Argentinian psychology today, this article describes the philosophical and epistemological ideas held by psychoanalytically oriented professors and transmitted to undergraduate students during the institutionalization and professionalization of psychology at Argentinian universities between 1962 and 1983. Drawing from primary sources such as official publications and undergraduate syllabi, we analyze the systematic and normative perspective of those psychoanalysts on issues such as the nature of science, the scientific method, and the legitimate ways to do research. We argue that the philosophical approach they defended within psychology programs was markedly relativistic, solipsistic, and often recursive, leading them to conceive of psychoanalysis both as a meta‐theory and a self‐sufficient science. The fact that this “theory‐laden” philosophy of science was gradually adopted by psychology graduates (or undergraduates) throughout their education could thus help explain several epistemological beliefs currently held by a majority of Argentinian psychologists.
A multitechnique approach for the identification of multiple contamination sources near a polluted industrial site
Authors: Bonetto Alessandro , Calgaro Loris , Contessi Silvia , Badetti Elena , Artioli Gilberto , Marcomini Antonio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDegraded land requires rapid and suitable remedial actions, thus appropriate and fast methodological approaches for estimating the spatial distribution of contaminants are needed. In this context, a methodological approach combining isotopic measurements, heavy metals concentrations mapping, X‐ray diffraction, and cluster analysis, was applied to characterize a polluted industrial site where the contamination due to improper waste disposal could have spread also into the surrounding fields. This approach was applied to a set of representative topsoil (from 15 to 30 cm depth) and subsoil (from 130 to 150 cm depth) samples, selected either inside or outside the contaminated site. The X‐ray diffraction analysis highlighted that only the mineralogy of the subsoil below the buried waste was noticeably altered, while the concentration mapping highlighted that the levels of several heavy metals on the edge of the contaminated site, at both depths, were very similar to those found in the samples from the outside. Based on these findings, Pb was used as a tracer for heavy metal pollution by its stable isotopes' analysis. The cluster analysis of the isotopic measurements revealed that only the contamination detected inside the industrial site could be attributed to the pollutants migration from the buried waste. Conversely, the contaminants concentrations found in the topsoil samples taken outside the site could be ascribed to contamination sources other than the polluted waste present inside the site.
A family of finitep‐groups satisfying Carlson's depth conjecture
Authors: Garaialde Ocaña Oihana , González‐Sánchez Jon , Guerrero Sánchez Lander 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLet be a prime number and letrbe an integer with . For eachr, let moreover denote the unique quotient of the maximal class pro‐pgroup of size . We show that the mod‐pcohomology ring of has depth one and that, in turn, it satisfies the equalities in Carlson's depth conjecture [2]. This is the first family of finitep‐groups for which Carlson's depth conjecture has been verified besidesp‐groups of abelian type mod‐pcohomology or extraspecialp‐groups. Moreover, this computation is possible without first describing the structure of the cohomology ring.
Circularly polarized rectangular dielectric resonator antenna with metallic strips load for WLAN application
Authors: Usha Lakshminarayana , Krishnamoorthy Kandasamy 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article presents a circularly polarized rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (CP RDRA) loaded with metallic strips. The dielectric resonator (DR) with metallic strips on the top surface is excited by a slot aperture feed that excites two orthogonal modes to provide circular polarization. The proposed CP RDRA does not require any complex‐shaped dielectric resonator and simplifies the overall design. A prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and validated. It has measured impedance bandwidth between 4.8 and 5.6 GHz and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth between 5.1 and 5.43 GHz. The axial ratio beamwidth of more than 155° in the XZ and YZ planes is obtained.
Sexual dimorphism in placental development and function: Comparative physiology with an emphasis on the pig
Authors: Stenhouse Claire , Bazer Fuller W. , Ashworth Cheryl J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAcross mammalian species, it has been demonstrated that sex influences birth weight, with males being heavier than females; a characteristic that can be observed from early gestation. Male piglets are more likely to be stillborn and have greater preweaning mortality than their female littermates, despite the additional maternal investment into male fetal growth. Given the conserved nature of the genome between the sexes, it is hypothesized that these developmental differences between males and females are most likely orchestrated by differential placental adaptation. This review summarizes the current understanding of fetal sex‐specific differences in placental and endometrial structure and function, with an emphasis on pathways found to be differentially regulated in the pig including angiogenesis, apoptosis, and proliferation. Given the importance of piglet sex in agricultural enterprises, and the potential for skewed litter sex ratios, it is imperative to improve understanding of the relationship between fetal sex and molecular signaling in both the placenta and endometria across gestation.