bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circ‐CTNNB1 drives aerobic glycolysis and osteosarcoma progression via m6A modification through interacting with RBM15
Authors: Yang Feng , Liu Yangyang , Xiao Jun , Li Bo , Chen Yajun , Hu Anpei , Zeng Jin , Liu Zhili , Liu Hucheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are a subclass of noncoding RNAs, playing essential roles in tumorigenesis and aggressiveness. Recent studies have revealed the pivotal functions of circ‐CTNNB1 (a circular RNA derived from CTNNB1) in cancer progression. However, little is known about the role of circ‐CTNNB1 in osteosarcoma (OS), a highly malignant bone tumour in children and adolescents.MethodsCirc‐CTNNB1 was analysed by qRT‐PCR, and the results were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The interaction and effects between circ‐CTNNB1 and RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15) were analysed through biotin‐labelled RNA pull‐down and mass spectrometry, in vitro binding, and RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assays. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to evaluate the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of circ‐CTNNB1 and RBM15 in OS cells.ResultsCirc‐CTNNB1 was highly expressed in OS tissues and predominantly detected in the nucleus of OS cells. Ectopic expression of circ‐CTNNB1 promoted the growth, invasion, and metastasis of OS cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circ‐CTNNB1 interacted with RBM15 and subsequently promoted the expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2), glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase (GPI) and phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) through N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification to facilitate the glycolysis process and activate OS progression.ConclusionsCirc‐CTNNB1 drives aerobic glycolysis and OS progression by facilitating RBM15‐mediated m6A modification.
Help‐seeking attitudes and behaviours for mental health problems in adolescents before and during the first COVID‐19 school closures in Germany
Authors: Lustig Sophia , Koenig Julian , Bauer Stephanie , Moessner Markus , Bonnet Sabrina , Becker Katja , Diestelkamp Silke , Eschenbeck Heike , Hiery Alisa , Kohls Elisabeth , Lehner Laya , Rummel‐Kluge Christine , Thomasius Rainer , Kaess Michael ,   the ProHEAD Consortium
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimComparing measures of psychological wellbeing and help‐seeking in youths before and within the first school closures due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic enables a better understanding of the effects the pandemic has for those seeking professional help for mental health problems.MethodsData were obtained from the Germany‐based ProHEAD school study. Pre‐lockdown and lockdown samples (n = 648) were compared regarding pupils' psychological wellbeing, help‐seeking attitudes and help‐seeking behaviour.ResultsParticipants from the lockdown sample showed greater positive attitudes towards seeking professional help, whereas psychological wellbeing and help‐seeking behaviour remained stable.ConclusionsPossible explanations may include an increased public discourse on mental health or self‐selection bias for participation during lockdown.
The reproductive ecology drivers of egg attendance in amphibians
Authors: Furness Andrew I. , Capellini Isabella 
Published: October 2022

AbstractParental care is extremely diverse but, despite much research, why parental care evolves is poorly understood. Here we address this outstanding question using egg attendance, the simplest and most common care form in many taxa. We demonstrate that, in amphibians, terrestrial egg deposition, laying eggs in hidden locations and direct development promote the evolution of female egg attendance. Male egg attendance follows the evolution of hidden eggs and is associated with terrestrial egg deposition but not with direct development. We conclude that egg attendance, particularly by females, evolves following changes in reproductive ecology that are likely to increase egg survival, select for small clutches of large eggs and/or expose eggs to new environmental challenges. While our results resolve a long‐standing question on whether reproductive ecology traits are drivers, consequences or alternative solutions to caring, they also unravel important, yet previously unappreciated, differences between the sexes.
Paternal supervisor gatekeeping: How supervising fathers hinder other fathers at work in their uptake of flexible work arrangements
Authors: Hennekam Sophie , Kelland Jasmine , Dumazert Jean‐Pierre 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study explores the role that supervisors play in the low uptake of Flexible Work Arrangements (FWA) among fathers in France. We draw on 28 interviews with fathers who had requested access to FWA and reported on the reaction of their supervisors. These supervisors were all fathers themselves and had previously benefitted from such arrangements themselves, but did not grant such policies to other fathers. To understand these unexpected findings, we conducted an additional 16 interviews with supervising fathers in organizations who had previously enjoyed similar FWA. The findings show that supervising fathers can act as barriers to other fathers in their organizations who try to push for more gender equality. We identified four ways in which supervisors tend to dissuade fathers from accessing policies to which they are entitled: gender‐role confirming discourses; career threats; practical reasons as a justification; and a lack of paternal workplace support. The findings highlight the role of men (in this case, supervising fathers) in the lack of increasing gender equality at work. By showing that fathers can function as ‘paternal supervisor gatekeepers’ for other fathers in their organizations, we open up new fruitful ways for studying gender equality in organizations.
Using self‐determination theory in research and evaluation in primary care
Authors: Huang Huayi , Wang Harry H. X. , Donaghy Eddie , Henderson David , Mercer Stewart W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultimorbidity (the co‐existence of two or more long‐term conditions within an individual) is a complex management challenge, with a very limited evidence base. Theories can help in the design and operationalization of complex interventions.ObjectiveThis article proposes self‐determination theory (SDT) as a candidate theory for the development and evaluation of interventions in multimorbidity.MethodsWe provide an overview of SDT, its use in research to date, and its potential utility in complex interventions for patients with multimorbidity based on the new MRC framework.ResultsSDT‐based interventions have mainly focused on health behaviour change in the primary prevention of disease, with limited use in primary care and chronic conditions management. However, SDT may be a useful candidate theory in informing complex intervention development and evaluation, both in randomized controlled trials and in evaluations of ‘natural experiments’. We illustrate how it could be used multimorbidity interventions in primary care by drawing on the example of CARE Plus (a primary care‐based complex intervention for patients with multimorbidity in deprived areas of Scotland).ConclusionsSDT may have utility in both the design and evaluation of complex interventions for multimorbidity. Further research is required to establish its usefulness, and limitations, compared with other candidate theories.Patient or Public ContributionOur funded research programme, of which this paper is an early output, has a newly embedded patient and public involvement group of four members with lived experience of long‐term conditions and/or of being informal carers. They read and commented on the draft manuscript and made useful suggestions on the text. They will be fully involved at all stages in the rest of the programme of research.
Comprehensive clinicopathological characteristics and mucin core protein expression profiles of bronchiolar adenoma
Authors: Kishikawa Satsuki , Hayashi Takuo , Takamochi Kazuya , Takekawa Shiori , Sasahara Noriko , Handa Takafumi , Saito Tsuyoshi , Suzuki Kenji , Yao Takashi ,   the Tokyo Metropolitan Innovative Oncology Research Group (TMIG)
Published: October 2022

AimsBronchiolar adenoma (BA) is a novel entity in the 2021 WHO classification of lung tumours. The expression profile of mucin core proteins in BAs is not clear. The aim of this study was to clarify the expression profiles of mucins and to validate the clinicopathologic and molecular features of BAs.Methods and resultsWe examined the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of 20 BAs. Our cohort comprised 10 proximal and 10 distal BAs. Only seven of 18 patients (39%) were accurately diagnosed with BA at the time of intraoperative consultation. The frequent genetic alterations were BRAF V600E (35%) and KRAS (30%) mutations, which were mutually exclusive. The expression of MUC1, MUC4, and MUC5B was observed in all cases and that of MUC5AC and MUC6 was observed in nine (45%) and five (25%) cases, respectively. MUC4 was diffusely expressed in 18 cases. In contrast, MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC6 displayed a patchy expression pattern. These expression patterns were similar to that of bronchiolar epithelium in normal lung tissue. In addition, overexpression of MUC1 and MUC4 on the entire cell surface was not observed in any of the BAs, suggesting their benign nature.ConclusionBA commonly exhibits diffuse MUC4 and patchy MUC1 and MUC5B expression. Its unique expression pattern is probably attributed to mucin expression specific to the bronchiolar epithelium. These results confirm the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of BA, including the difficulty in intraoperative frozen section diagnosis and the broad morphologic spectrum of BA derived from the bronchiolar epithelium.
Defect structures and dopant solution states of Hf‐doped Si3N4 ceramics
Authors: Kuwabara Akihide , Gao Xiang , Riedel Ralf , Ionescu Emanuel , Ikuhara Yuichi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransition‐metal‐doped silicon nitride ceramics have attracted much attention as gate materials for semiconductors because of their electrical properties as well as chemical and thermal stability. The present study aims to clarify the defect structures of Hf‐doped β‐Si3N4 by theoretical calculations and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). First‐principles calculations based on a hybrid functional method were performed. It was found that Hf dopants are mainly substituted for the Si sites and can be occasionally located at interstitial sites in the lattice of β‐Si3N4. The substitution sites of Hf dopants predicted by the first‐principles calculations were also confirmed by the high‐resolution STEM images.
Prevalence of chronic conditions and influenza vaccination coverage rates in Germany: Results of a health insurance claims data analysis
Authors: Damm Oliver , Krefft Anya , Ahlers Jonas , Kramer Rolf , Witte Julian , Batram Manuel , Schelling Jörg , Greiner Wolfgang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe significant annual burden caused by seasonal influenza has led to global calls for increased influenza vaccination coverage rates (VCRs). We aimed to estimate the proportion of the German population at high risk of serious illness from influenza due to chronic conditions and to estimate age‐specific VCRs of people with/without chronic conditions.MethodsUsing health insurance claims data covering nine influenza seasons (2010–2019), we assessed up to 7 million insured individuals per season across all German regions. Individuals were classified according to age and presence of chronic health conditions. VCRs were estimated using outpatient healthcare utilization documentation.ResultsIn the 2018–2019 influenza season, 47.3% of individuals had ≥1 chronic condition. Most common were circulatory disorders, accounting for more than a third of individuals with ≥1 condition. Prevalence of chronic diseases, and therefore the proportion of high‐risk individuals, increased slightly over time across most age groups.A downward trend in influenza VCRs was observed in all age groups until the 2017–2018 season, followed by a noticeable increase in the 2018–2019 season. Highest VCRs occurred among individuals of ≥60 years, with a 38.5% VCR for this age group in the 2018–2019 season. Several factors, including age, chronic condition type, and geographical location, affected VCRs.ConclusionsInfluenza VCRs in individuals at high risk of severe complications from influenza infection are insufficient. Our results suggest that intensified public health efforts are necessary to reach the World Health Organization vaccination coverage target of 75%.
LP relaxation and dynamic programming enhancing VNS for the multiple knapsack problem with setup
Authors: Masmoudi Malek , Adouani Yassine , Jarboui Bassem 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe consider the multiple knapsack problem (KP) with setup (MKPS), which is an extension of the KP with setup (KPS). We propose a new solving approach denoted by LP&DP‐VNS that combines linear programming (LP) relaxation and dynamic programming (DP) to enhance variable neighborhood search (VNS). The LP&DP‐VNS is tailored to the characteristics of the MKPS and reduced to LP&DP to solve the KPS. The approach is tested on 200 KPS and 360 MKPS benchmark instances. Computational experiments show the effectiveness of the LP&DP‐VNS, compared to integer programming (using CPLEX) and the best state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. It reaches 299/342 optimal solutions and 316/318 best‐known solutions and provides 127 new best solutions. An additional computational study shows that the LP&DP‐VNS scales up extremely well, solving optimally and near‐optimally very large instances with up 200 families and 300,000 items in a reasonable amount of time.
Flux crystal growth of Ba2[(UO2)2Ti2O8]: Structures, spectroscopies and implications
Authors: Lu Kimbal T. , Zhang Yingjie , Wei Tao , Karatchevtseva Inna , Zhang Zhaoming , Zheng Rongkun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report a flux crystal growth of Ba2[(UO2)2Ti2O8] and subsequent structural and spectroscopic studies using multiple techniques. The layered crystal structure, built up with sheets of edge‐sharing dimeric uranyl pentagonal bipyramids and dimeric TiO5 square pyramids with interlayer Ba(II) ions, was revealed by synchrotron single crystal x‐ray diffraction and confirmed with electron diffraction using a transmission electron microscope. The presence of only hexavalent uranium was confirmed by both diffuse reflectance and x‐ray absorption near‐edge structure spectroscopies, consistent with the bond valence sum calculations. Its vibrational modes were revealed by Raman spectroscopy. In addition, its implications as a potential hexavalent uranium waste form for the immobilization of uranium‐rich radioactive wastes were discussed.
Interaction of lanthanide and actinide with BaHfO3 perovskite: A case study with cerium and uranium
Authors: Gupta Santosh Kumar , Modak Brindaban , Tyagi Mohit , Modak Pampa , Sudarshan Kathi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSpeciation of actinide (An) and lanthanide (Ln) in technologically important ceramics is very important from both fundamental as well as technological aspects. The intrinsic structural flexibility of perovskite containing AO6 and BO12 polyhedra makes them suitable and rich hosts for An and Ln. In this work, emphasis was given to deciphering information such as oxidation state, local dopant site, charge compensating defects, excited state kinetics, and so forth in BaHfO3 (BHO) related to dopant uranium (BHO‐U) and cerium (BHO‐Ce). Several spectroscopic techniques namely, time‐resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), positron annihilation lifetime spectra (PALS), and thermoluminescence (TL) spectroscopy coupled with density functional theory (DFT) were employed to probe the same. Ce and U though are distributed at both Ba and Hf sites, Ce prefers the former, while U prefers the latter site. Uranium on the other hand stabilizes as U6+ in the form of octahedral uranate ion giving green emission. PALS suggested the formation of defects in BHO‐Ce and BHO‐U with oxygen vacancies predominating in the former whereas BHO‐U perovskites are loaded with cation vacancies and vacancy clusters. These cation vacancies are responsible for lower TL output in BHO‐U. TL measurements also suggested cerium doping leads to a higher density of deeper traps in BHO‐Ce compared to uranium doping in BHO‐U which is in concurrence with DFT results and may have implications in designing afterglow phosphors based on perovskite. We believe this work would have a long‐term impact on exploring the potential of perovskite for nuclear waste host and afterglow phosphors applications.
Resistive‐switching in yttria‐stabilized hafnia ceramics
Authors: Alotaibi Meshari , Almutairi Fawaz , West Anthony R 
Published: October 2022

AbstractYttria‐stabilized hafnia ceramics are high‐temperature oxide ion conductors that lose a small amount of oxygen, both at high temperatures and on the application of a small dc bias. At zero applied bias, a small amount of p‐type conductivity is present. This increases with low bias and is attributed to reactions initiated at the positive electrode/ceramic interface. With a further increase in bias, n‐type conductivity is initiated at the negative electrode/ceramic interface. After a short time‐lapse, the overall conductivity increases rapidly by 1.5–3 orders of magnitude and is reversible, with hysteresis, on subsequent removal of the bias. Switching has been observed over the range 457–531°C and is sensitive to both temperature and oxygen partial pressure in the surrounding atmosphere. This is the first example of low field, resistive switching in bulk hafnia ceramics, in contrast to most examples of resistive switching which are observed in nanometre‐thick devices using similarly applied voltages.
Cognitive and Moral Enhancement: A Practical Proposal
Authors: Gordon Emma C. , Ragonese Viola 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTAccording to Persson and Savulescu, the risks posed by a morally corrupt minority's potential to abuse cognitive enhancement make it such that we have an urgent imperative to first pursue moral enhancement of humankind – and, consequently, if we are a long way from safe, effective moral enhancement, then we have at least one good reason to consider opposing further cognitive enhancement. However, as Harris points out, such a proposal seems to support delaying life‐saving cognitive progress. In this article, we first show that Harris's worry can be expanded to show that Persson and Savulescu's proposal also threatens the development of moral enhancement – precisely what they suggest we have pro tanto reason to pursue. From there, we offer our own, alternative proposal – one on which cognitively enhanced researchers play a key role in the production of moral enhancement, and those in the general population who wish to be cognitively enhanced must first accept moral enhancement as an entry requirement. We engage with four substantive objections to our proposal and use these objections to refine and strengthen the details.
A miR‐15a related polymorphism affects NSCLC prognosis via altering ERCC1 repair to platinum‐based chemotherapy
Authors: Xue Ping , Zhang Guopei , Zhang Hongchao , Cui Su , Zhang Liang , Yu Tao , Xiao Mingyang , Li Liuli , Lu Xiaobo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPlatinum‐based chemotherapy is regarded as a preferential curative‐intent option for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while the acquired drug resistance has become a major obstacle that limits its clinical application. Since the repair efficiency of tumour cells to platinum‐DNA adducts plays a crucial role in chemotherapy resistance, we aimed to explore whether several meaningful polymorphisms of DNA repair genes were associated with the benefits of platinum‐based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. Firstly, six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of three DNA repair genes were detected in 246 NSCLC patients receiving platinum‐based chemotherapy and analysed the correlation of these candidate SNPs with the overall survival. Cox proportional hazard model showed that NSCLC patients carrying ERCC1 rs3212986 AA genotype had a shorter overall survival compared to those with CC. Mechanistically, we performed tumour chemosensitivity assay to observe the convincing linkage of rs3212986 polymorphism with ERCC1 expression and cisplatin sensitivity. The subsequent in vitro experiments identified that rs3212986 polymorphism altered the post‐transcriptional regulation of ERCC1 via affecting the binding of miR‐15a, and further changed the sensitivity to platinum analogue. It reminded that patients carrying ERCC1 rs3212986 CC homozygote were expected to respond better to platinum‐based chemotherapy due to a lower expression of ERCC1. Compared with previous studies, our current comprehensive study suggested that rs3212986, a 3'UTR polymorphism in ERCC1, might have clinical relevance in predicting the prognosis of NSCLC patients receiving platinum‐based chemotherapy.
Patient presentation, skin biopsy utilization and cutaneous malignant melanoma incidence and mortality in northern Italy: Trends and correlations
Authors: Bucchi Lauro , Mancini Silvia , Zamagni Federica , Crocetti Emanuele , Dal Maso Luigino , Ferretti Stefano , Baldacchini Flavia , Giuliani Orietta , Ravaioli Alessandra , Vattiato Rosa , Brustolin Angelita , Candela Giuseppa , Carone Simona , Carrozzi Giuliano , Cavallo Rossella , Dinaro Ylenia Maria , Ferrante Margherita , Iacovacci Silvia , Mazzoleni Guido , Musolino Antonino , Rizzello Roberto Vito , Serraino Diego , Biggeri Annibale , Stanganelli Ignazio , Falcini Fabio ,   the AIRTUM Working Group
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe global increase in incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) occurring in the past decades has been partly attributed to increased diagnostic scrutiny of early lesions, with a potential phenomenon of overdiagnosis. The reported positive linear relation between skin biopsy rate and incidence of early CMM is compatible with this hypothesis.ObjectivesWe explored the ecological association between the trends in annual dermatologic office visit rates, skin biopsy rates, incidence rates of in situ and invasive CMM by tumour thickness category, and CMM mortality rates in the Emilia‐Romagna Region (northern Italy).MethodsFour cancer registries covering a population of 2,696,000 provided CMM incidence data for the years 2003–2017. Dermatologic office visit rates and skin biopsy rates were calculated using the Regional outpatient care database. All rates were age‐standardized. Trends were described with the estimated average annual per cent change (EAAPC). Correlations were tested with the Spearman correlation coefficient.ResultsIncidence increased significantly. The increase was steeper for in situ CMM (EAAPC: men, 10.2; women, 6.9) followed by CMM <0.8 mm thick (9.1; 5.2), but the rates grew significantly for most subgroups of CMMs ≥0.8 mm thick. Mortality decreased significantly among women (−2.3) and non‐significantly among men. For dermatologic office visit rate and skin biopsy rate the EAAPC were, respectively, 1.7 and 1.8 for men and 1.2 and 0.9 for women. Annual dermatologic office visit rate correlated with skin biopsy rate in both sexes. However, the proportion of skin biopsies out of dermatologic office visits was constant across the years (range: men, 0.182–0.216; women, 0.157–0.191).ConclusionsIn Italy, the increasing CMM incidence trend is, at least in part, genuine. Overdiagnosis—if any—is due to an increased patient presentation at dermatologic offices and not to a lower dermatologic threshold to perform biopsy.