bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balanced cytokine upregulation by diluted ethanolic extract of Bryonia alba in Delta SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein RBD-induced pathogenesis in Gallus gallus embryo
Authors: Goswami Pritam , Chatterjee Debasmita , Ghosh Sayak , Paira Krishnendu , Das Satadal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Bryonia alba extract is a well-known drug which is being utilized as phytomedicines and homoeopathic preparations since more than two centuries. This medicine is frequently used in clinical practice for flu-like conditions, respiratory tract infections, and gastrointestinal diseases, as evidenced by old literature and historical records. The plant contains Bryonicin, Bryonolic acid, Bryodin, Cucurbitacin, etc. The alkaloids in Bryonia alba have been discovered to be a powerful heme-oxygenase-1 inhibitor, which could help reduce oxidative stress during SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. During three waves of SARS-CoV-2, extracts of Bryonia alba were used; however, the actual scientific explanation for its mechanism of action is still unknown. In this experiment, we studied cytokine changes by diluted Bryonia alba extract in Delta SARS-CoV-2 spike protein RBD-induced pathogenesis, in fertilized chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) embryos.

Results
The recombinant Delta SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein was inoculated in 14-day-old chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) embryos along with control, pre-, and post-treatment sets with diluted Bryonia extract. After 48 h, allantoic fluids were collected and stored at – 20 °C for study of different cytokines. Histological changes of the liver were also studied in each animal. Diluted Bryonia extract upregulated IFN-α and IL-10 markedly. In pre-treatment set, IFN-α, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-1β were markedly decreased, while in the post-treatment set IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, and TGFβ1 were significantly decreased, with a tendency of more anti-inflammatory surge than pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Conclusions
This experiment indicated an immunomodulatory role of diluted ethanolic extract of Bryonia particularly in the post-treatment set, decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines with beneficial effect.
Egyptian evidence-based consensus on clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treat-to-target management of macrophage activation syndrome in children
Authors: Lotfy H. , Abu-Zaid M. H. , Salah S. , El Gaafary M. , Abdulhady H. , Salah H. , El-Latif E. Abd , Farag Y. , Eissa M. , Maher S. Esam , Radwan A. , El-Shanawany Amira T. , Medhat B. M. , El Mikkawy D. , Mosa D. M. , El Deriny G. , Mortada M. , Osman N. S. , Fouad N. A. , Elkaraly N. E. , Mohamed S. S. , Tabra S. A. , Hassan W. A. , Shady H. Abu , Amer Y. , Nasef S. I. , Galal Salwa , El Miedany Y. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a severe life-threatening hyperinflammatory state with uncontrolled activation and proliferation of macrophages and T-lymphocytes. MAS has variable causes and risk factors. Early diagnosis and optimum management could be lifesaving.
Our aim was to develop a consensus, evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treat-to-target management of pediatric MAS.
This study was carried out to achieve an Egyptian expert consensus on a treat-to-target management strategy for MAS using the Delphi technique. The multistep process strategy was used in developing a consensus, evidence-based treatment guidelines for MAS, started by developing 7 key clinical questions by a scientific committee according to the Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO) approach. The core leadership team identified pediatric rheumatology clinicians and researchers throughout Egypt. To generate evidence for MAS management, an evidence-based, systematic literature review was done. To obtain a consensus, the Delphi procedure (3 rounds) was used.

Results
Twenty-three expert panel participated in the 3 rounds with a response rate of 100%. A total of 19 recommendations, categorized into 2 sections (11 in the diagnosis section and 8 in management), were obtained. The agreement with the recommendations (ranks 7–9) ranged from 86.9 to 95.7%. The consensus was reached (i.e., ≥75% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed) on all the clinical standards. Algorithms for management have been also developed.

Conclusion
This was an expert, consensus recommendation for the diagnosis and treat to target of MAS, based on the best available evidence and expert opinion. The guidelines fill a gap in the literature as it presents a T2T approach for MAS.
Association Between Postdischarge Medical Oncology Follow-Up Appointments and Downstream Health Care Use: A Single-Institution Experience
Authors: Xiang Jenny , Chow Ronald , Reynoso Alexandra , Carafeno Tracy , Deshpande Hari , Strait Michael , Prsic Elizabeth 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE: There is limited understanding of the role of postdischarge medical oncology follow-up during care transition periods. Our study describes the care transition patterns and the association between postdischarge medical oncology appointments and downstream health care use at a tertiary academic center. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 25,135 medical oncology admissions between 2018 and 2020 at Yale New Haven Hospital. We examined the association between postdischarge medical oncology appointment timing with 30-day all-cause readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits using multivariable logistic regression models and propensity score–matched analyses. RESULTS: Compared with admissions without appointment within 30 days, admissions with postdischarge medical oncology appointment within 30 days were associated with lower rates of all-cause 30-day readmission (odds ratio [OR] = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.59; P < .001) and ED visit (OR = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.59; P < .001). Admissions with appointment ≤ 14 days were associated with lower rates of 30-day readmission (OR = 0.28, 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.32; P < .001) and ED visit (OR = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.63; P < .001) compared with those with appointment within 15-30 days. Similar patterns in health care use were seen with propensity score matching. Subgroup analyses of cancer types with the most admissions observed similar trends between 30-day readmission and ED visits with appointment timing. CONCLUSION: Timely postdischarge medical oncology appointments were associated with significantly lower likelihood of 30-day readmission and ED visits, suggesting a potential role for postdischarge follow-up as an intervention to decrease health care use.
Perspectives of Low-Income and Minority Populations With Lung Cancer: A Qualitative Evaluation of Unmet Needs
Authors: Patel Manali I. , Agrawal Madhuri , Duron Ysabel , O'Brien Dale , Koontz Zachary 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE:Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Persistent disparities remain in the incidence, mortality, and quality of lung cancer care received among minorities and populations with low income. This study aims to evaluate perspectives of low-income and minority patients with lung cancer on health system–level barriers and facilitators to high-quality lung cancer care delivery.METHODS:Informed by community-based participatory research, we conducted semistructured interviews with 48 patients with lung cancer in the San Francisco Peninsula and Central Coast regions of California. We recorded, transcribed, and analyzed interviews using thematic analysis.RESULTS:Participants described four major structural and process barriers in current lung cancer care: unmet psychosocial support needs, lack of understanding of precision medicine, undertreated symptoms, and financial concerns about cancer, which exacerbate concerns regarding families' well-being. Participants described that trusting relationship with their cancer care team members was a facilitator for high-quality care and suggested that proactive integration of proactive psychosocial and community-based peer support could overcome some of the identified barriers.CONCLUSION:This study identified modifiable health system lung cancer care delivery barriers that contribute to persistent disparities. Opportunities to improve care include integration of community-based peer support.
The Honey Pond and the Flapjack Tree
Authors: Petty Adrienne Monteith 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes and compares the vision for the future of agriculture presented at two Depression-era world fairs—the 1933 Chicago World's Fair and the 1940 American Negro Exposition—to highlight double standards in agricultural policy. An examination of correspondence, federal records, promotional materials, photographs, and news articles related to the two fairs reveals that the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) envisioned a subordinate and ancillary role for African Americans in its vision of industrial agriculture. The exhibits at both fairs embodied the perspective that informed the USDA's unequal approach to lending and administering federal farm programs, an approach that endures in similar ways today.
Australia's Entanglement in Global Cotton
Authors: Cook Margaret 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cotton in Australia has always been entwined with America and England. From the initial stimulus of the American War of Independence to the boost created by the boll weevil outbreak in the 1920s, the fortunes of Australian cotton producers have been shaped by American history as much as their own nation's political and economic imperatives. Scientists and farmers relied on American experience, importing seed, knowledge, personnel, and technology. The global market reflected fluctuations in the US cotton industry and the demands of English cotton mills. Australia relied on the imports of the English cotton mills and an injection of funds by the British Cotton Growing Association (BCGA) in the 1920s to boost industry. While Australian politicians promoted cotton as a domestic economic and demographic stimulant, fulfilment of these nation-state objectives was deeply entangled with, and dependent on, those of America and England.
On the Farm Front with the Victory Farm Volunteers
Authors: Holt Marilyn Irvin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
During World War II, American agriculture grappled with labor shortages while being expected to produce more for the military and the home front. Historians have studied the use of labor sources such as migrant workers and the Women's Land Army during this time, but the Victory Farm Volunteers, a program of the federal US Crop Corps, have been largely overlooked, despite the numbers of urban youth who participated. This study examines the program as it was carried out in the states of the Great Plains, particularly its relationship to 4-H and its impact on farm production goals during the war and in the immediate postwar era.
Alternatives in the Midst of Ruination
Authors: Quintana Laura 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article claims that capitalism is not a homogeneous logic but a heterogeneous regime, deployed in multiple practices, forms of knowledge, techniques, and temporalities that have become embodied, created spaces and participate in different forms of life. Subsequently, within the ruination capitalism has produced, it is possible for political and economic reconfigurations to arise. What is at stake here are possibilities for critical agency today, particularly in contexts ruined by forms of intensive exploitation, contexts where a collective desire to be different seems to have spent itself but can in fact emerge in new ways.
Case Report: Hydranencephaly in a female newborn with congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Dewiyanti Lilia , Diyo Andrew Robert , Afandy Jonathan Edbert , . Jennefer , Pramana Cipta 
Published: June 2022

Background: Hydranencephaly is a congenital abnormality of the central nervous system characterized by massive hemispheric necrosis and ventricular dilatation with most of the cerebral hemispheres being replaced by membranous sacs filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can be one of the causes of hydranencephaly. The choice of therapy for hydranencephaly is a challenge because of poor prognosis, but now neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation may give new hope. Case report: We report a case of a female newborn born at term by cesarean section from a gravida 5, para 3, abortus 1 (G5P3A1) mother with suspected hydrocephalus. Head circumference was 35 cm at birth. The baby was born crying immediately, looked active, and did not appear cyanotic, but on the second day, the baby looked less active, moaned, showed acral cyanosis, and had a large fontanelle that was dilated and soft. Signs of hydrocephalus such as Macewen’s sign, setting sun phenomenon, and transillumination were found to be positive. Echocardiographic examination showed floppy interatrial septum and mild mitral regurgitation. Non-contrast computerized tomography (CT) scan of the head showed hydranencephaly. The toxoplasmosis, rubella, CMV, and herpes simplex virus (TORCH) screening showed positive anti-CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG). The baby underwent a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt procedure with a head circumference of 36 cm before surgery. VP shunt was performed with an opening pressure of 15 cmH2O. Conclusions: After the VP shunt procedure, the baby's general condition improved with the head circumference within normal limits. The baby was discharged from the hospital after 16 days of treatment.
The demographic effects and public health infrastructure dearth of COVID-19 in Ghana
Authors: Conduah Andrew Kweku 
Published: June 2022

Background: Over the last two years, the world has been experiencing a worldwide health catastrophe. The Corona Virus (COVID-19) struck at the heart of societies and is a major health-care infrastructure problem. Infrastructure has been characterised as the basic requirement for carrying out productive and relevant public health actions. Mortality has direct and indirect relationship, with the former causing short and long-term mortality, resulting in a short life expectancy. Reduced accessibility and quality of health care, isolation, loneliness, and poverty were some of the indirect repercussions. The outcomes were sad and deeply felt when the two collided with ageing and persons with co-morbidities. The fertility effect of COVID-19 in the short-term on contraception presented itself in increased difficulties in accessing services and disruptions in the supply chain. Migration was mainly affected due to travel bans and restriction of movements through stay-at-home instructions.Methods:This paper uses the qualitative paradigm of research that used corpus construction in the selection of material to represent a whole and this make it functionally equivalent to sampling but structurally different. It used secondary data to ascertain the demographic effects and the extent of health infrastructure deficit and ingenious ways to curb the challenges as exposed by the COVID -19.Results:The study underscores how demographic factors can be disrupted by pandemics to bring about high rates of mortality. Global health function is under-funded and under-produced, as a study by the World Health Organization suggests.Conclusions: The study brings to bear that anthropogenic activities, air greenhouse gases, lifespan and hospital beds are key drivers of COVID-19 growth. The path forward to mitigate such pandemics is international harmony and alliances in the distribution of vaccines, strengthening of international health systems ability to hold back major infectious disease, addressing service quality and providing key financial injection.
Reporting characteristics of allergic rhinitis trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov and in publications: an observational study
Authors: Paladin Ivan , Pranić Shelly 
Published: June 2022

Background: Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Allergic rhinitis (AR) should be complete and consistent throughout multiple sources to ensure accurate evidence-based information. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are discrepancies in the reported data from AR trials. Methods: This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed completed RCTs on AR registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and last updated between 9/27/2009 and 10/4/2019 with results and corresponding publications. Completeness, informativeness and major changes to World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set items as well as completeness of results data in ClinicalTrials.gov and corresponding publications were analyzed. Results: Omitted items were present in 35 (46.1%) of the 76 trials at initial registration, 15 (19.7%) at last registration, and in 22 (56.4%) of the 39 publications. All 76 trials between first and last registration and all 39 publications had major changes in registration items. Uninformative reporting of analyzed items were present both in ClinicalTrials.gov and publications. Completeness of results in ClinicalTrials.gov was satisfactory. In contrast, publications reported fewer adverse events. Conclusions: Discrepancies in data elements of AR trials are common both in ClinicalTrials.gov and subsequent publications. To ensure transparent data reporting from AR trials, multiple stakeholders should control the accuracy, consistency, and completeness of AR trial data to notice discrepancies before publication.
L0-Regularized Learning for High-Dimensional Additive Hazards Regression
Authors: Zheng Zemin , Zhang Jie , Li Yang 
Published: June 2022

Sparse learning in high-dimensional survival analysis is of great practical importance, as exemplified by modern applications in credit risk analysis and high-throughput genomic data analysis. In this article, we consider the L0-regularized learning for simultaneous variable selection and estimation under the framework of additive hazards models and utilize the idea of primal dual active sets to develop an algorithm targeted at solving the traditionally nonpolynomial time optimization problem. Under interpretable conditions, comprehensive statistical properties, including model selection consistency, oracle inequalities under various estimation losses, and the oracle property, are established for the global optimizer of the proposed approach. Moreover, our theoretical analysis for the algorithmic solution reveals that the proposed L0-regularized learning can be more efficient than other regularization methods in that it requests a smaller sample size as well as a lower minimum signal strength to identify the significant features. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evidenced by simulation studies and real-data analysis.Summary of Contribution: Feature selection is a fundamental statistical learning technique under high dimensions and routinely encountered in various areas, including operations research and computing. This paper focuses on the L0-regularized learning for feature selection in high-dimensional additive hazards regression. The matching algorithm for solving the nonconvex L0-constrained problem is scalable and enjoys comprehensive theoretical properties.
Design and Testing of a Commercial Prototype Press to Extract the Juice from Sweet Sorghum Biomass
Authors: Lefebvre Nicholas , Khelifi Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

HighlightsA commercial-scale prototype press to extract the juice from sweet sorghum biomass was designed, built, and tested.Extraction rates of up to 45% were obtained with this prototype.Abstract. With the rising concerns related to climate change issues, different alternatives have been explored to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Laws forcing the use of ethanol at gas pumps have been enforced across North America. While ethanol is a good alternative, it is mainly made from corn, which is a very demanding crop in terms of water, fertilizers, and climate conditions. The sweet sorghum has been proved to be a good alternative crop, but current pressing methods require transportation of the biomass to a plant, thus resulting in high transportation costs and emissions as well as depriving the soil from an important source of fertilization, which is the pressing residue. The objective of this research was to develop and test a commercial scale prototype press able to extract juice from the sweet sorghum directly in the field. A sequential two-chamber piston press able to apply up to 1.6 MPa of pressure on the biomass was developed and tested. The prototype press was used in extracting juice from sweet sorghum and the influence of operational parameters (pressure and extraction time) on the extraction rate and juice yield was evaluated. Sweet sorghum plants were first harvested and chopped with a forage harvester, then weighed and pressed. The pressing juice was collected and the residue (bagasse) was returned to the field as fertilizer. Obtained results from pressing tests carried out in 2014, 2015, and 2018 showed a juice extraction rate of up to 45% of the initial weight of the biomass. Keywords: Bioethanol, Biomass, Ethanol, Juice, Pressing, Sweet sorghum.
The cost- effectiveness of early dental visit in infants and toddlers focused on regional deprivation in South Korea: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ahn Eunsuk , Kim Sun-Mi 
Published: June 2022

Background
The aims of this study are to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of early dental visits (EDVs) and to investigate how regional deprivation impacts the economic evaluation.

Methods
This study used the South Korea National Health Insurance database, which included medical claim data and voluntary-based oral examination data. The subjects of this study included whole participants for oral examinations for infants and toddlers of the National Health Insurance Corporation. A retrospective cohort study was designed and measured all oral treatments, costs, and number of visits for 208,969 children (experimental group, 101,768; non- experimental group, 107,201) who underwent oral examination for infants and toddlers from 2007 to 2014. The cost-effectiveness was measured using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, and the T-health index was used as the measurement for effectiveness. In addition, the difference in the effect according to the level of regional deprivation was confirmed.

Results
The findings of this study showed that EDVs were cost-effective and that children who participated in EDVs had better oral health (T-health-2 index difference 0.32 point in most deprived regions) and needed 5 USD less costly dental treatments than those who did not have EDVs. The cost-effectiveness of EDVs varied according to the level of regional deprivation and was the highest in the most deprived regions.

Conclusions
The study findings suggested that the provision of oral examination for infants and toddlers was a cost-effective dental policy. Additionally, EDVs were more effective in children who resided in the most deprived regions, a finding that will lead to the development of policy intervention to improve dental care despite spatial inequality for disadvantaged population groups. Regarding the distribution of dental hospitals/clinics, incentive based dental polices for either dental providers or patients are needed that will assure the delivery of dental care despite spatial inequality.
Sound Citizens: Australian Women Broadcasters Claim their Voice, 1923–1956, Catherine Fisher (2021)
Authors: Anderson Heather 
Published: June 2022

Review of: Sound Citizens: Australian Women Broadcasters Claim their Voice, 1923–1956, Catherine Fisher (2021)
Acton: ACT: ANU Press, 184 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-76046-430-1, p/bk, $50