bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood glaucoma registry in Germany: initial database, clinical care and research (pilot study)
Authors: Aghayeva Fidan A. , Schuster Alexander K. , Diel Heidi , Chronopoulos Panagiotis , Wagner Felix M. , Grehn Franz , Pirlich Nina , Schweiger Susann , Pfeiffer Norbert , Hoffmann Esther M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this prospective pilot study is to establish an initial database to register patients diagnosed with different types of childhood glaucoma and the set-up of a national registry for childhood glaucoma (ReCG) in Germany. 28 children with different types of diagnosed childhood glaucoma, who were admitted and treated at the Childhood Glaucoma Center of the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany were included. Main outcome measures were the type of childhood glaucoma, mean intraocular pressure (IOP) and genetic data of the patients.

Results
The documents and questionnaires for each individual included: informed consent form of the parents, medical history form of the child, patient’s gestational history questionnaire and general anesthesia examination form. Primary congenital and secondary childhood glaucoma were revealed in 11 (39%) and 17 (61%) patients, respectively. The mean IOP measured with Perkins tonometer in all patients under general anesthesia at the time of inclusion was 17.5 ± 11.8 mmHg in the right and 17 ± 8.9 mmHg in the left eyes. In 33% of children with glaucoma mutations in the CYP1B1, FOXC1, LTBP2 and TEK genes were found. The development of specific questionnaires for childhood glaucoma provides detailed baseline data to establish a ReCG in Germany for the first time.
RNA recovery from specimens of duct-washing cytology performed contemporaneously with mammary ductoscopy
Authors: Jikuzono Tomoo , Manabe Eriko , Kure Shoko , Akasu Haruki , Ishikawa Tomoko , Fujiwara Yoko , Makita Masujiro , Ishibashi Osamu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
Conventional cytological diagnosis including duct-washing cytology (DWC) is sometimes performed using ductal epithelial cells collected during mammary ductoscopy; it is useful for detection of early-stage breast cancer such as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). However, conventional cytological diagnosis focuses exclusively on cellular morphology; false negatives and false positives may be caused by inadequate specimen preparation (triggering cell degeneration) or poor examiner diagnostic skills. Molecular diagnosis using RNA biomarkers is expected to compensate for the weaknesses of cytological diagnosis. We previously employed microarray analysis to identify highly expressed genes in DCIS, suggesting that they may be useful for DCIS diagnosis. Here, we explored whether DWC samples yielded RNA of sufficient quantity and quality for RNA biomarker-based diagnosis.

Results
We extracted RNAs from 37 DWC samples. RNA from 12 samples exhibited RNA integrities of  ≥ 6, indicative of moderate-to-high quality. We then showed that cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript prepropeptide (CARTPT) and breast cancer-associated transcript 54 (BRCAT54) mRNA—previously shown by microarray analysis to be highly expressed in DCIS—were detectable in these samples. Therefore, DWC samples may be useful for molecular diagnosis involving RNA biomarkers.
Characteristics of patients referred to Canary Island pneumology outpatient services for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the EPOCan study
Authors: Figueira-Gonçalves Juan Marco , Hernández-Pérez José María , Cabrera-López Carlos , Wangüemert-Pérez Aurelio Luis , García-Talavera Ignacio , Ramallo-Fariña Yolanda , Ramos-Izquierdo Carolina , González-García Luis Manuel , Guanche-Dorta Sara 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
Assessing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accounts for 30% of all pneumology outpatient evaluations. COPD is a heterogeneous disease and generates a massive public health problem. Overall morbidity, particularly cardiovascular disease, challenges patient management. This is an observational, multicentre study, performed at four hospitals in the Canary Islands (Spain), aimed at characterising patients with COPD referred to pneumology outpatient services. Demographic variables, lung function, and morbidity were assessed.

Results
Of the 877 included patients, 44.9% were active smokers with a mean (± SD) age of 68.2 ± 10.3 years. The median (IQR) score for the Charlson comorbidity index was 2 (2), and 70.6% of the patients were assigned high risk according to the Spanish Guidelines for COPD (GesEPOC) 2021. The degree of airflow obstruction defined by the GOLD 2021 stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 corresponded to 13.6%, 49%, 31%, and 6.3% of patients, respectively. The most frequently associated morbidities were arterial hypertension (59.5%), dyslipidaemia (54.3%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (31.2%); 32% of the patients suffered heart disease. There is a high prevalence of active smoking, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and heart disease in patients referred for COPD to Canary Island pneumology outpatient services.
Results from the first culturally tailored, multidisciplinary diabetes education in Lebanese adults with type 2 diabetes: effects on self-care and metabolic outcomes
Authors: Sukkarieh-Haraty Ola , Egede Leonard E. , Khazen Georges , Abi Kharma Joelle , Farran Natali , Bassil Maya 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is an essential component of lifestyle management needed for diabetes care. This pilot-study tested the effect of culturally-tailored education targeting diabetes selfcare on glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors of Lebanese with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (n = 27; Age: 61 ± 10 yrs, 59% males, HbA1c: 8.98 ± 1.38%).

Results
Diabetes self-care (Diet, Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose and foot care) improved after 6 months, which was reflected in a significant drop in glycemic levels (HbA1c:-0.5%; FPG: − 38 mg/dl), and cholesterol/HDL ratio (4.45 ± 1.39 vs. 4.06 ± 1.29). Waist circumference decreased at 6 months compared to 3 months (p < 0.05). This is the first effective culturally-tailored intervention that improved self-care, glycemic control, body adiposity and lipid profile of Lebanese with T2DM. Larger scale implementation with representative sample is warranted.
Considerations regarding a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease before dementia: a systematic review
Authors: van der Schaar Jetske , Visser Leonie N. C. , Bouwman Femke H. , Ket Johannes C. F. , Scheltens Philip , Bredenoord Annelien L. , van der Flier Wiesje M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The NIA-AA research framework proposes a purely biological definition of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This implies that AD can be diagnosed based on biomarker abnormalities, irrespective of clinical manifestation. While this brings opportunities, it also raises challenges. We aimed to provide an overview of considerations regarding the disclosure of AD pathology before the onset of dementia.

Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase, APA PsycINFO, and Web of Science Core Collection (on 10 December 2020) for references on conveying AD biomarker results to individuals without dementia. Our query combined variations on the terms Alzheimer’s disease, disclosure, or diagnosis, preclinical or prodromal, and biomarkers. Two reviewers independently screened the resulting 6860 titles and abstracts for eligibility and examined 162 full-text records for relevance. We included theoretical articles in English, on communicating amyloid and/or tau results to individuals with mild cognitive impairment, subjective cognitive decline, or normal cognition. MAXQDA-software was used for inductive data analysis.

Results
We included 27 publications. From these, we extracted 26 unique considerations, which we grouped according to their primary relevance to a clinical, personal, or societal context. Clinical considerations included (lack of) validity, utility, and disclosure protocols. Personal considerations covered psychological and behavioral implications, as well as the right to (not) know. Finally, societal considerations comprised the risk of misconception, stigmatization, and discrimination. Overall, views were heterogeneous and often contradictory, with emphasis on harmful effects.

Conclusions
We found 26 diverse and opposing considerations, related to a clinical, personal, or societal context, which are relevant to diagnosing AD before dementia. The theoretical literature tended to focus on adverse impact and rely on common morality, while the motivation for and implications of biomarker testing are deeply personal. Our findings provide a starting point for clinicians to discuss biomarker-based diagnosis with their patients, which will become even more relevant in light of the conditional approval of a first disease-modifying drug for AD.
Revisiting the minimum-norm problem
Authors: Moreno-Pulido Soledad , Sánchez-Alzola Alberto , García-Pacheco Francisco Javier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe design of optimal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) coils is modeled as a minimum-norm problem (MNP), that is, as an optimization problem of the form $\min_{x\in\mathcal{R}}\|x\|$

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Boundedness and compactness of a class of integral operators with power and logarithmic singularity when $p\leq q$
Authors: Abylayeva Akbota , Oinarov Ryskul , Seilbekov Bolat 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness and compactness of one class of integral operators with power and logarithmic singularities in weighted Lebesgue spaces are obtained.
Convergence analysis of a novel iteration process with application to a fractional differential equation
Authors: Uddin Izhar , Garodia Chanchal , Abdeljawad Thabet , Mlaiki Nabil 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe objective of this article is to study a three-step iteration process in the framework of Banach spaces and to obtain convergence results for Suzuki generalized nonexpansive mappings. We also provide numerical examples that support our main results and illustrate the convergence behavior of the proposed process. Further, we present a data-dependence result that is also supported by a nontrivial numerical example. Finally, we discuss the solution of a nonlinear fractional differential equation by utilizing our results.
Assessing negative core beliefs in eating disorders: revision of the Eating Disorder Core Beliefs Questionnaire
Authors: Hatoum Amaani H. , Burton Amy L. , Abbott Maree J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Increased theoretical and empirical attention has been given to examining the role of core beliefs in both the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). The Eating Disorder Core Beliefs Questionnaire (ED-CBQ) is self-report measure designed to assess five dimensions of core beliefs relating to eating disorders; self-loathing, unassertive/inhibited, demanding/needing help and support, abandoned/deprived, and high standards for the self. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the ED-CBQ and to develop a revised and improved version of the original measure after evaluating its factor structure and related properties.

Methods
A sample of undergraduate university students (N = 763) completed an online test battery of questionnaires. Putative ED-symptomatic (n = 384) and non-ED (n = 379) subgroups were created from self-reported responses from the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were performed, and internal consistency, construct validity, group differences and clinical utility was examined.

Results
An initial CFA did not support the original five-factor 40-item ED-CBQ. A revised version was developed that possessed equal or superior psychometric properties to the original 40-item measure. The ED-CBQ-R demonstrated superior model fit, similar levels of reliability and construct validity, and the ability to discriminate between putative ED diagnostic groups.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the ED-CBQ-R is a valid, reliable, but more importantly an efficient and accessible measure with the potential to be utilised both clinically and in research settings.
Optimizing the thermal treatment for restoration of brittle archaeological silver artifacts
Authors: Liu Shengyu , Li Zhuopeng , Zhou Yihang , Li Ruixuan , Xie Zhenda , Liu Chudong , Hu Gang , Hu Dongbo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Archaeological silver artifacts are often found to be brittle because of long-term corrosion. However, the restoration of brittle archaeological silver artifacts by thermal treatment has never been quantitatively and systematically studied due to the lack of sufficient experimental samples. Herein, the simulated Ag–Cu alloy flake samples with intergranular corrosion consistent with those brittle archaeological silver artifacts were prepared through two-step annealing and accelerated aging in Fe(NO3)3 + AgNO3 solution. The changes in the microstructure and mechanical strength (σbb, Eb, and HV) of the brittle samples after thermal treatments were studied with the help of SEM–EDS, metallographic observation, three-point bending tests, and microhardness tests. In addition, the most suitable conditions for the restoration of the brittle samples were summarized by the temperature–time (T-t) map obtained from a series of comprehensive thermal treatments. Moreover, the differences in microstructures and mechanical strength between the brittle samples annealed in an aerobic/anaerobic environment were revealed. This work provides an important reference for the restoration and conservation of brittle archaeological silver artifacts.
Poisson logit hurdle model with associated factors of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia
Authors: Aragaw Abiba Mihret , Azene Abebaw Gedef , Workie Mekuanint Simeneh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPerinatal mortality is the total number of fetal death and early neonatal death. Perinatal mortality is a major public health problem, particularly in developing countries, and is used as an implication of the economic, social, and health status of the country. The analysis of count data with hurdle and zero-inflated count models are the most applicable methods to accommodate with excessive zero counts. Therefore, this study aimed to apply the Poisson logit hurdle model to identify the associated factors of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study design was conducted in Ethiopia using EDHS 2016. The sample was multistage stratified and units selected in a two-stage cluster sampling design. The association between the outcome and the independent variables was determined using the Poisson logit hurdle model. A total of 7230 mothers were obtained from EDHS 2016 survey. Of these mothers, 95.27% of them never, 4.47% of them once, 0.26% twice, and 0.04% three times experienced perinatal mortality preceding 5 years of the survey. The main protective associated factors were 40–49 years age of mother, having long preceding birth interval, and secondary + husband education. Parity is greater than four, rural residence, Caesarean section delivery, multiple pregnancies, institutional delivery, having a history of abortion were increased perinatal mortality per mother. This study implies that intervention is needed on family planning and mode of delivery to minimize perinatal mortality in the country.
Patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture have persistent limitations in patient-reported function and calf muscle function one year after surgical treatment – a case series
Authors: Nordenholm Anna , Nilsson Niklas , Senorski Eric Hamrin , Helander Katarina Nilsson , Westin Olof , Olsson Nicklas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Evaluate the one-year postoperative outcomes in patients with Chronic Achilles tendon rupture.

Methods
Patients surgically treated for Chronic Achilles tendon rupture (n = 22, 14 males and 8 females, mean age 61 ± 15) were evaluated by Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score, The Physical Activity Scale, The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, Calf muscle endurance test, counter movement jump, Hopping, ultrasound measurement of tendon length, Achilles Tendon Resting Angle, dorsi flexion range of motion and calf muscle circumference. Muscle function and tendon length outcomes on the injured side were compared with the healthy side.

Results
The patients scored a mean of 62 ± 26 on the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score. Median scores on the injured compared with the healthy side were lower in heel-rise repetitions (20 vs 24 cm, p = 0.004), hel-rise height (8 vs 10 cm, p < 0.001), heel-rise total work (872 vs 1590 joule, p < 0.001) and hopping ratio (0.37 vs 0.48, p = 0.005). Median calf circumference was smaller (37 vs 38 cm, p = 0.001) and the mean tendon elongation greater on the injured side; Achilles tendon resting angle (55 vs 50°, p < 0.001) and ultrasound (22.4 vs 20.5 cm, p = 0.006).

Conclusions
At one year postoperatively, patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture reported persistent limitations in subjective foot and ankle function. Heel-rise height and total work as well as hopping ratio were not recovered, and there was an elongation of the injured Achilles tendon compared with the healthy tendon.

Level of evidence
IV
Diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in UK NHS ICUs: the perceived value and role of a novel optical technology
Authors: Jones W. S. , Suklan J. , Winter A. , Green K. , Craven T. , Bruce A. , Mair J. , Dhaliwal K. , Walsh T. , Simpson A. J. , Graziadio S. , Allen A. J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in an intensive care unit (ICU) is a complex process. Our aim was to collect, evaluate and represent the information relating to current clinical practice for the diagnosis of VAP in UK NHS ICUs, and to explore the potential value and role of a novel diagnostic for VAP, which uses optical molecular alveoscopy to visualise the alveolar space.

Methods
Qualitative study performing semi-structured interviews with clinical experts. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed. A flow diagram of the VAP patient pathway was elicited and validated with the expert interviewees. Fourteen clinicians were interviewed from a range of UK NHS hospitals: 12 ICU consultants, 1 professor of respiratory medicine and 1 professor of critical care.

Results
Five themes were identified, relating to [1] current practice for the diagnosis of VAP, [2] current clinical need in VAP diagnostics, [3] the potential value and role of the technology, [4] the barriers to adoption and [5] the evidence requirements for the technology, to help facilitate a successful adoption. These themes indicated that diagnosis of VAP is extremely difficult, as is the decision to stop antibiotic treatment. The analysis revealed that there is a clinical need for a diagnostic that provides an accurate and timely diagnosis of the causative pathogen, without the long delays associated with return of culture results, and which is not dangerous to the patient. It was determined that the technology would satisfy important aspects of this clinical need for diagnosing VAP (and pneumonia, more generally), but would require further evidence on safety and efficacy in the patient population to facilitate adoption.

Conclusions
Care pathway analysis performed in this study was deemed accurate and representative of current practice for diagnosing VAP in a UK ICU as determined by relevant clinical experts, and explored the value and role of a novel diagnostic, which uses optical technology, and could streamline the diagnostic pathway for VAP and other pneumonias.
COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: an update of anesthetic management
Authors: Solanki Nilesh Maganbhai , Solanki Rekha Nilesh , Madaliya Arun Vrajlal , Jasoliya Rasmita Haresh , Upadhyay Dhara Tushar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Mucormycosis is uncommon, progressive fungal infection with mortality rate on higher side. The anesthetic management of surgical debridement in mucormycosis is challenging.
We evaluated the anesthetic management of mucormycosis patients associated with problems of airway management, predisposing factors, and adverse effect of antifungal therapy who underwent surgical resection of necrotized tissues.

Results
Fifty-six patients presented with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. All patients had history of COVID-19 infection and received steroid during treatment. Nasal endoscopic debridement was done in 43 patients, total maxillectomy in 14 patients. Temporalis flap was needed in five patients, and orbital exenteration was required in three patients. Central venous catheter was inserted in 17 patients, and invasive arterial monitoring was done in ten patients. All patients administered lyophilized amphotericin B (deoxycholate) in combination with surgical debridement.
Thirteen patients were shifted to ICU for further management and continuous hemodynamic monitoring. Fifteen patients were expired, and the mortality rate was 26.31%.

Conclusions
Challenges include difficult intubation and renal function impairment due to prolonged antifungal therapy. Postoperative ICU management is important in mucormycosis patients due to comorbidities and rapid progressive infection after surgery.
Cannabis and schizophrenia: characterisation of a risk factor in a sample of Moroccan patients hospitalised for psychosis
Authors: Ouanouche El Hassan , Elmostafi Hicham , Amarat Naoufal , Wafaa Ouahid , Ryad Tamouza , El Hessni Aboubaker , Mesfioui Abdelhalem 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
In addition to the biological plausibility widely described through a very large number of studies, the causal link between cannabis uses and schizophrenia disorders has become illicit internationally and given the scarcity of similar studies in Morocco. Our study consists of a prospective descriptive study in the psychiatric department of the Moulay ben Abdallah Hospital in Essaouira. The sample consisted of 95 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the DSM5 criteria. The diagnostic assessment included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale to assess the severity of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia as well as the patient’s general psychopathology, the Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity to assess the symptom severity of the psychotic dimensions according, and the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test to assess the extent of cannabis use.

Results
The mean age of the patients recruited in the study was 33.7 ± 9.37 years with a clear male predominance (p < 0.0001). Cannabis users compared to non-users were younger and comprised only men. Cannabis users also have a lower educational and economic level than non-users. Furthermore, a clear dose effect of cannabis uses on the onset of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The temporality criterion is clear in our study, since the predictivity of the parameter: “age of onset of cannabis use” is highly significant (p = 0.000). These results suggest that cannabis use can be considered as the most illicit risk factor for the development and/or onset of schizophrenia.

Conclusions
These results suggest that there is a causal relationship between cannabis use and/or dependence (problematic use) and the onset and/or worsening of schizophrenic disorder. This means that problematic cannabis use can be considered as a real risk factor for the emergence and development of schizophrenic disorder.