bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fertility Desires and its Predictors among Persons Living with HIV in a Secondary Health Facility in Northcentral Nigeria
Authors: Amaike Chikwendu , Afolaranmi Tolulope Olumide , Amaike Blessing Adaku , Agbo Hadiza Abigail , Abiodun Olumide 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Among people living with HIV (PLHIV), fertility desire which is the desire to have more children is increasing due to the improvement in quality of life and survival resulting from anti-retroviral treatment and also improved sexual and reproductive health services. Fertility desires can result in increased risk of HIV transmission, especially in unprotected heterosexual intercourse. There is limited information regarding the fertility desires and predictors among PLHIV in our environment.

Methods:
This study was aimed at assessing the fertility desires and predictors in PLHIV in Northcentral Nigeria. Study was descriptive cross-sectional. Semi-structured interviewer administered pretested questionnaires was used to get information from 170 PLHIV accessing care in a secondary health-care facility selected by the systematic sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 23.0. At 95% confidence interval (CI), a P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Chi-square and logistic regression.

Results:
Fertility desire was found among 64.1% of the respondents. Younger age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.2270; 95% CI = 0.0662–0.7791, P = 0.0184), having no child or a smaller number of children (OR = 0.0432; CI = 0.0046–0.4050; P = 0.0059) and suppressed viral loads (OR = 4.1069; CI = 1.1650–14.4784; P = 0.0280) were the predictors for fertility desire.

Conclusion:
This study showed that PLHIV had high fertility desires but do not know any safe method of conception, hence intensified effort should be made by primary care providers and other health-care workers to include sexual and reproductive health counselling during routine HIV clinic visits to enable PLHIV make informed decision about their fertility desires.
A new era of Nano!!! Comparative evaluation of ganglioside polymeric nanoparticle coated satranidazole gel and 1% metronidazole gel for the treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Kesarwani Shivam , Parihar Sarita , Singh Sanjay , Gautam Anju , Pandey Aishwarya , Anjum Md Meraj 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The present study was intended to comparatively assess the efficacy of ganglioside polymeric nanoparticle-coated 0.25% satranidazole-loaded nanoparticles in gel form with that of the commercially available 1% metronidazole gel as a local drug delivery (LDD) agent for the treatment of periodontal pockets.

Materials and Methods:
A split-mouth randomized clinical trial was carried out in 46 chronic periodontitis patients with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥4 mm or clinical attachment loss greater than 3 mm on both quadrants of the same arch. Full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) was performed for all the patients followed by application of 0.25% satranidazole-loaded nanoparticles in gel form on one site (Group 1) and commercially available 1% metronidazole gel on another site (Group 2). Clinical parameters (gingival index, plaque index, PPD, clinical attachment level gain, and bleeding on probing) and microbiological analysis of the subgingival plaque samples were performed and assessed at baseline, after SRP, 21st day, and 90th day post treatment. Unpaired “t”-test and ANOVA tests were used for intergroup and intragroup comparison of recorded parameters.

Results:
The results showed that the satranidazole-loaded nanoparticle group as an adjunct to SRP in chronic periodontitis showed a statistically significant improvement in all the clinical parameters and a fewer relapse of microbial flora in comparison with the metronidazole group as an LDD agent.

Conclusion:
The present study depicted that both the LDD agents showed an effective improvement of clinical as well as microbiological parameters, but the satranidazole group consistently produced better results than the metronidazole group and hence has a promising future as an LDD agent in treating periodontal pockets.
Assessment of anterior loop of mandibular canal and its implication in implant therapy
Authors: Khetal Namrata Madan , Ansari Salman Tarique , Malik Rajvir , Lanjekar Ashish Babanrao , Jirafe Sanjana Jayant , Gajghate Apeksha Sanjay 
Published: August 2022

Context:
Precise identification of anatomic structures is imperative for presurgical planning for implant installation to ensure effectiveness of procedures, especially in the region of mental foramen, and to prevent iatrogenic complications.

Aims:
This study aimed to assess the presence of anterior loop of mandibular canal and its approximation to the alveolar crest using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
CBCT scans of the patients scheduled for implant therapy in the region of mental foramen were retrospectively analyzed for the presence of anterior loop of mandibular canal. Findings were compared based upon gender and side of the mandible. Distance between the most prominent part of anterior loop of mandibular canal and the alveolar crest was measured.

Results:
Anterior loop of the mandibular canal was identified 66.8% of hemimandibles analyzed with the highest prevalence in the fourth decade of life. Males and females exhibited predilection toward the right and left side, respectively. The presence of anterior loop of mandibular canal is associated with reduced distance between the neurovascular bundle and alveolar crest jeopardizing the placement of standard length dental implant.

Conclusion:
The current study emphasizes an increased need for precise identification and preservation of anterior loop of mandibular canal in the third and fourth decades of life, especially in females.
Evaluation of Lateral Column Lengthening Using Autogenous Fibular Graft in the Treatment of Supple Flat Foot
Authors: Elattar Ayman Ali , Hosny Gamal A. , Essawy Osama Mohamed , Kandeel Mohmoud , Meselhy Mohammed Anter 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Treatment options of flat foot vary from using orthosis to arthrodesis and the surgical procedure varies from soft-tissue operations till bony osteotomies. We hypothesized that the clinical, functional, and radiological outcomes of lateral calcaneal lengthening osteotomy using fibular graft in the treatment of symptomatic flatfoot are satisfactory.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted involving 25 feet of 25 patients who underwent lateral calcaneal lengthening due to symptomatic flexible flat foot. All patients underwent clinical and radiological evaluation preoperatively and postoperatively, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot/ankle scoring preoperatively and postoperatively. All patients underwent osteotomy of the calcaneus using a saw, after a satisfactory correction of the deformity obtained, autogenous fibular graft was inserted in the osteotomy site, and tendon Achilles lengthening was performed.

Results:
In our study, we had 25 patients, the average age was 11.48 years. There were 15 girls and 10 boys. The average AOFAS preoperative score was 68.56 ± 5. A 3-month postoperative. The average score was 86.40 ± 3.65. A final AOFAS hindfoot/ankle score at the time of maximal follow-up (average 21 months; range, 6–36 months) had an average score of 95.19 ± 1. A final AOFAS hindfoot/ankle score at the time of maximal follow-up (average 21 months; range, 6–36 months).

Conclusion:
Isolated lateral column lengthening using autogenous fibular graft was found to provide significant correction of all components of the supple pes planovalgus and forefoot abduction deformity.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Universal Long Bone Defect Classification
Authors: Solomin L. , Komarov Artem , Semenistyy Anton , Sheridan Gerard A. , Rozbruch S. Robert 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Treatment of long bone defects is a challenging problem in orthopedics that requires a robust and comprehensive classification system to guide diagnosis and management. The Universal Long Bone Defect Classification (ULBDC) is an alphanumeric system detailing the size and location of the defect. It is designed to describe the bone defect and indicate the appropriate treatment for both diaphyseal and articular long bones defects.

Methods:
The location, size, and morphology of the bone defect are the main criteria used in the treatment of both extra-articular and intra-articular bone defects. The proposed classification system utilizes the following nomenclature for both periarticular defects and diaphyseal defects: location (bone and segment) and morphology (type, group, and subgroup).

Discussion:
The ULBDC is based the same principles of coding as the “gold standard” AO/OTA Fractures Classification system with alpha-numeric coding “from simple to complex.” The choice of treatment method depends on the type, group, and subgroup of the defect as described. The principles of treatment of diaphyseal defects, as well as the principles of treatment of extra-articular fractures, are based on the restoration of the alignment, length, and rotation of the segment. Bone shortening and deformity are considered bone defects because their treatment requires the use of the same principles (osteotomies, bone grafting, bone transport, or combination of these methods) as treating real bone defects.

Conclusion:
The proposed classification is an attempt to classify all types of long bone defects and its use in clinical practice and research will allow for optimal and standardized treatments for the various types of bone defects to improve the treatment outcomes.
Predictors of Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Parikh Jignesh , Patil Rajendra , Jadhav Ajitkumar Krishna 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has revolutionized the treatment of cardiac dyssynchrony in chronic heart failure (HF), yet, complications and failures are reported in some patients. We aim to determine the predictors of response to CRT through clinical, electrocardiographic ECG, and echocardiographic assessment of patients following CRT and recommend the best practices to achieve optimum results for patients.

Methodology:
We analyzed the history, clinical examination, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, ECG, and echocardiography findings of 35 patients before CRT and on day 7 and day 180 following CRT.

Observations:
71.4% of patients responded to CRT and 28.6% were nonresponders. The responders had fewer hospitalizations for HF. They showed a significant improvement in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, mean 6 min walk distance (6MWD), BNP level, QRS duration, and echocardiographic parameters on day 7 and day 180. The duration of HF ≤3 years, NYHA class III–IV symptoms, baseline 6MWD ≥240 m, QRS duration ≥150 ms, LVEF ≥25%, septal to posterior wall motion delay ≥130 ms, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure <50 mmHg were identified as the strong predictors of response to CRT.

Recommendations:
Patients with symptomatic HF should undergo early CRT to reduce recurrent hospitalizations and those with NYHA Class III–IV symptoms should be offered CRT before the duration of HF exceeds 3 years. BNP levels and echocardiography are invaluable tools to assess outcomes following therapy. A multiparametric, echocardiographic approach is helpful in selecting patients likely to undergo reverse remodeling after CRT and predicting outcomes.
Postoperative Outcomes of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery in Post-COVID versus Non-COVID Patients - Single-Center Experience
Authors: Thomas Jeevesh John , Philipose Simon , Vijayan Aswathy , Mohammed Yumna Pareekutty , Padmanabhan Murukan , George Antony , Wilson Job , George Grace Maria , Abraham Jacob , Sunil G S , Ranganathan Bhaskar , Periappuram Jose Chacko 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
The aim of this study is to investigate the postoperative outcomes in post COVID versus non-COVID patients undergone cardiac surgery.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective cohort study to analyze the impact of COVID-19 in patients undergoing elective or emergency cardiac surgeries. A total of 512 patients were included in the study over a period of 6 months. The study consists of 35 post-COVID patients and 477 non-COVID patients. All data were collected from previous medical records and hospital database. The clinical outcomes and mortality of post-COVID patients were compared with a cohort of non-COVID patients. The endpoints were compared using t-test or Chi-squared test.

Results:
Among the post-COVID patients, 54.3% (19) of the post-COVID patients were under COVID category A followed by category B 28.6% (10) and category C 17.1% (6). About 50% of post-COVID patients had complications, especially pneumonia and myocardial infarction following COVID-19. Around 43% of patients showed fibrotic changes in computed tomography (CT) Thorax at the time of admission for surgery. 63% showed CT score in between 1 and 5. The mean COVID antibody titer was 158 U/ml. Majority of the surgeries were coronary artery bypass graft and significant difference was observed in the requirement of intra-aortic balloon pump in post-COVID patients (P < 0.0001). No postoperative mortality reported in post-COVID patients. The postoperative outcomes and survival rates were almost similar in both groups.

Conclusion:
In our study, the post-COVID patients were recover in a similar way as non-COVID patients after cardiac surgery.
Safety and Efficacy of Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Needle Aspiration of Liver Abscesses in a Resource-Scarce Environment
Authors: Baduku Tokan Silas 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Liver abscess is a condition found in both the developed and the developing countries (including Nigeria), which was normally treated with drugs alone. Refractory patients who were initially treated by open abdominal surgery are now successfully treated with minimally invasive approach from increased availability and access to ultrasound in low-resource settings where the burden of liver abscess is still significant. To our knowledge, not much data are available in our environment on a large series of patients with liver abscess managed solely with percutaneous needle aspiration under ultrasound guidance in combination with systemic and local abscess sac antibiotic treatment. We, therefore, report our experience in the management of liver abscess in Goshen Diagnostic Services, Kaduna, Nigeria (a private diagnostic center).

Aim:
The aim of this study was to describe our experience in the ultrasound-guided percutaneous management of liver abscesses over a period of 8 years in a private diagnostic center and to review the literature.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study was conducted over an 8-year period at Goshen Diagnostic Services (a privately owned diagnostic outfit with only outpatient facility), Kaduna, Nigeria, from June 2012 to May 2020, involving 77 adult patients (62 male and 15 female) with liver abscess who were referred from various medical facilities within the city just for drainage purposes.

Results:
A total of 77 patients were eligible for the study consisting of 62 males and 15 females (male-to-female ratio of 4:1). Fifty-eight (75.3%) of them were referred from government/public hospitals, whereas 19 (24.7%) were from privately owned medical centers. Fifty-three (68.8%) patients were referred when still on admission in the various hospitals, whereas 24 (31.2%) came as outpatients. Twenty-eight percent of them required only a single aspiration, whereas 38.9% and 24.7% had to go for a second and third episode, respectively. The success rate was 100% after 6 months of follow-up.

Conclusion:
Liver abscess management used to be a surgical dilemma with substantial morbidity and mortality but has currently become minimally invasive. At present, morbidity and mortality have markedly diminished, with reduced cost to the patient. The direct infiltration of drugs into the abscess sac has improved the success rate.
Research situations for accessing mathematical concepts at university entrance
Authors: Bloch Isabelle , Gibel Patrick 
Published: August 2022

This article presents a device which is organised in the University of Pau and aims to help first year students to overcome their difficulties and adapt themselves to mathematics of this level. They are invited to become involved in the research of mathematical problems. We present two of these situations and analyse students' productions. These productions show clearly that they have reasoning difficulties and do not master the specific concepts of Calculus in this transition Secondary/University. The device helps students to question the meaning of concepts and then, to fit into the logic of University mathematics.
Cet article présente un dispositif mis en place à l'université de Pau afin d'aider les étudiants de Licence 1 à surmonter les difficultés d'adaptation aux mathématiques du niveau supérieur, et à s'impliquer dans la recherche de problèmes mathématiques. Nous détaillons deux des situations, et les productions des étudiants de l’une d’elles sont analysées. Leurs réponses mettent en évidence leurs problèmes de raisonnement et leurs défauts de maîtrise des concepts mathématiques sur les sujets spécifiques de l’Analyse dans cette transition secondaire/supérieur. Le dispositif aide à questionner le sens des concepts et donc à s’insérer dans la logique mathématique de niveau supérieur.
Caracterización organoléptica de galletas artesanales en niños escolares del municipio de Zacapa
Authors: Alfaro Cordón María Isabel 
Published: August 2022

OBJETIVO: evaluar las características organolépticas de galletas artesanales con base a incaparina y mantequilla de maní MÉTODO: se realizó un estudio descriptivo cuasiexperimental en 28 niños de edad escolar de una institución educativa en el municipio de Zacapa. RESULTADOS: se estudiaron la aceptación de características organolépticas encontrando el género femenino como predominante en un 54% (N=15) y el género masculino en un 46% (N=13), se evaluó las características textura, olor, sabor y color. CONCLUSIÓN: las características organolépticas con mayor aceptación fueron el olor y el sabor en un 76% (N=21).
Missão Espacial Gaia
Authors: Teixeira Ramachrisna 
Published: August 2022

Com observações cuidadosas e sistemáticas do céu, há muito tempo o ser humano vem construindo e refinando o seu conhecimento a respeito do Universo e de si mesmo. As grandezas observacionais sobre as quais repousa a astronomia estão sendo, finalmente, abundantemente medidas e com precisões inimagináveis graças à Missão Espacial Gaia da Agência Espacial Europeia. Com seus três data releases (2016, 2018 e 2020/22), temos, hoje, em nossas mãos, dados observacionais em quantidade e com qualidade com as quais até bem pouco tempo nem sonhávamos. Entre eles, a grandeza mais importante de toda a astronomia: a distância de mais de um 1,5 bilhão de estrelas que nos permite dizer onde se encontram, como são e como ''dançam'', iniciando assim, uma nova era no estudo da Galáxia e do Universo. Esses dados, disponibilizados para o mundo todo ao mesmo tempo, representam uma alteração radical na base do conhecimento astronômico e impactam tremendamente a astronomia no sentido mais amplo do termo, por muitos e muitos anos. Colegas de todas as partes do mundo estão mergulhados nesse oceano de posições, movimentos, brilhos, cores, etc, confirmando, revendo e refinando o que sabemos e prestes a enfrentarem, uma vez mais na história, o novo.
SELECTION OF PARENTAL PAIRS IN THE BREEDING OF POTATOES VARIETIES SUITABLE FOR PROCESSING INTO POTATOES PRODUCTS
Authors: MITYUSHKIN A. V. , ZHURAVLEV A. A. , MITYUSHKIN AL-DR V. , ZHAROVA V. A. , GAIZATULIN A. S. , SIMAKOV E. A. , SALYUKOV S. S. , OVECHKIN S. V. 
Published: August 2022

The results of the evaluation of potatoes variety samples potentially suitable for processing into potatoes products on a complex of economically useful features are presented and parental forms for inclusion in various crossing combinations are identified. Hybrid populations by crossing parental forms with different degrees of suitability for processing into potatoes products are assessed. The frequency of genotypes occurrence
among hybrids of the 1-st generation of tubers suitable for processing by the color of crispy potatoes slices and the content of reducing sugars in tubers in the dynamics of winter-spring cold storage (t=+3...+4 OC) was analyzed. It is established that the efficiency of selection of suitable hybrids that do not require conditioning depends on the genotype of parental forms and the direction of their use as crossing components.
INFLUENCE OF SPATIAL ISOLATION AND METHODS OF PROTECTION AGAINST APHIDS ON THE ACCUMULATION OF VIRAL INFECTION DURING FIELD REPRODUCTION OF SEED POTATOES
Authors: POPKOVICH A. I. , KOZLOV V. A. , ANTSIPOVICH V. V. , RADKOVICH E. V. , ANTSIPOVICH N. A. 
Published: August 2022

The article presents the 2017–2020 research results on the effect of the mineral oilbased preparations on the accumulation of viral infection in the reproduction process of seed potatoes, taking into account different spatial isolation from personal subsidiary
plots (PSP). The data obtained showed that the mineral oil SunSpray 11E, Preparation 30 Plus, based on mineral oil, subject to the spatial isolation appropriate for the potato reproduction category, regardless of the variety, can increase the yield of seed potatoes
that meet the requirements of regulatory documents by containing the spread of viral infection on potato plants.