bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
НОВЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА КАЗАХСТАНА В ПОСТКРИЗИСНЫЙ ПЕРИОД
Authors: Кунязов Е.К. , Сартова Р.Б. , Каримбергенова М.К. , Султанбеков М.Б. , Kunyazov Y. , Sartova R. , Karimbergenova M. , Sultanbekov M. 
Published: August 2022

За годы независимости Казахстана стратегическое значение для повышения качества жизни населения и всей экономики в целом имеет развитие малого и среднего предпринимательства. Несмотря на огромное количество программ и дополнительных мер государственной поддержки вклад малого и среднего предпринимательства в ВВП страны по-прежнему достаточно низок, несмотря на затрачиваемые государством денежные ресурсы.В данной статье авторами показана структура зарегистрированных предприятий малого и среднего предпринимательства по видам экономической деятельности, количество активных субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства в регионах, доля МСП в ВВП и уровень поддержки предпринимательства в развитых странах во время пандемии.Предложены рекомендации по формированию новых направлений развития предпринимательства и актуальных государственных антикризисных мер адаптации малого и среднего бизнеса в посткризисный период.В целях обеспечения воспроизводственного процесса необходим пересмотр первоначальных стратегических целей развития предпринимательских структур в рамках процесса адаптации к изменившимся факторам внешней среды, доведение финансирования малого и среднего бизнеса до уровня поддержки развитых стран, повышение предпринимательской и финансовой грамотности населения, предоставление льготных условий по аренде площадей и др.
During the years of independence of Kazakhstan, the development of small and medium-sized businesses has been of strategic importance for improving the quality of life of the population and the economy as a whole. Despite the huge number of programs and additional state support measures, the contribution of small and medium-sized businesses to the country's GDP is still quite low, despite the money resources spent by the state.In this article, the authors show the structure of registered small and medium-sized enterprises by type of economic activity, the number of active small and medium-sized businesses in the regions, the share of SMEs in GDP, and the level of support for entrepreneurship in developed countries during a pandemic.Recommendations on the formation of new directions for the development of entrepreneurship and relevant state anti-crisis measures for adapting small and medium-sized businesses in the post-crisis period are proposed.In order to ensure the reproduction process, it is necessary to revise the initial strategic goals for the development of business structures as part of the process of adapting to changing environmental factors, bringing financing for small and medium-sized businesses to the level of support for developed countries, increasing entrepreneurial and financial literacy of the population, providing preferential terms for renting space, etc.
Methodology of tax audit and its significance
Authors: Алтынбеков М.А. , Altynbekov M. 
Published: August 2022

Зерттеудің мақсаты-Қазақстан Республикасындағы салық аудитін егжей-тегжейлі зерттеуге арналған. Ең алдымен, аудиторлық қызметтің осы түрінің талап етілуі мен қажеттілігінің негізгі себептері анықталды. Бұл мақалада ҚР салық аудитін дамыту және жетілдіру мәселелері қарастырылады. Салықтық аудитке байланысты авторлық анықтамасы берілді. Осы мақаланың шеңберінде аудитті жүргізудің негізгі кезеңдері айқындалды, сондай-ақ салықтық есептілік пен салықтық жеңілдіктердің заңдылығы тексеріледі. Республикада қолданылатын салық есебінің жүйесіне бөлінген рөлдің маңыздылығы көрсетілген. Сондай-ақ, жалпы салықтық аудитке сипаттама беріліп, дұрыс жүргізілген тексерудің салдары анықталды. Сонымен қатар, қолданыстағы заңнаманың көрсетілетін аудиторлық қызметтердің сапасына әсері көрсетілген. Қасақана жалтару немесе назар аудармау салдарынан қателіктер жібермеу қаупі бар болғандықтан, алдағы аудиттің жоспарын жасау кезінде ескерілуі керек критерийлер тұжырымдалған. Бұл мақалада Мемлекет, аудитор және салық агенті арасындағы қарым-қатынас моделі қарастырылады, ол Тараптардың әрқайсысы үшін ең өнімді болады. Қазіргі коммерциялық компанияларда салық жүйесін тексеру кезінде туындайтын белгілі бір мәселелер анықталды. Аудиторлық тексеруге дайындық үрдісін жеңілдету және ең жемісті нәтижелерге қол жеткізу үшін мақалада аудит әдістемесін жетілдіру қажеттілігі көрсетілген және осы мақсатқа жету бойынша ұсыныстар берілген.
The purpose of the study is a detailed study of the tax audit in the Republic of Kazakhstan. First of all, the main reasons for the demand and necessity of this type of audit activity have been identified. This article describes the development and improvement of tax audit issues in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Given the author's definition of tax audit. Within this article the main stages of carrying out audit are defined, and also the tax reporting and legitimacy of tax privileges is checked. The importance of the role of the tax accounting system operating in the republic is shown. The characteristics of the general tax audit are also given and the consequences of a properly conducted audit are determined.In addition, the influence of the current legislation on the quality of audit services provided is shown. The criteria that should be taken into account when drawing up an upcoming audit plan are formulated, since there is a risk of avoiding mistakes due to malicious evasion or inattention. This article will focus on the model of relations between the state, the auditor and the tax agent, which will be the most productive for each of the parties. In modern commercial companies, certain problems have been identified that arise when checking the tax system. In order to simplify the process of preparing for an audit and achieve the most fruitful results, the article shows the need to improve the audit methodology and provides recommendations for achieving this goal.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Сабыржан А. , Садыков Ж.А. , Раимбеков Б.Х. , Жакупов А.А. , Sabyrzhan A. , Sadykov Z. , Raimbekov B. , Zhakupov A. , Жакупов А.А. 
Published: August 2022

Бүгінде әлем цифрлық жаһандану дәуіріне белсенді түрде кіреді. Ақпараттық технологиялар тауарлар мен қызметтердің әлемдік саудасының және деректермен алмасудың маңызды бөлігіне айналды. Алайда, қажетті бағытта дамыту үшін әрдайым ақпараттық-коммуникациялық технологиялар секторының ағымдағы жай-күйіне талдау жүргізу және оның дамуына теріс әсер ететін мәселелерді айқындау қажет.Ақпараттық-коммуникациялық технологиялар саласы қазіргі уақытта әлемдегі ең серпінді дамып келе жатқан салалардың бірі болып табылады. Батыс елдеріндегі ақпараттық-коммуникациялық технологиялар саласына инвестициялардың өсу қарқыны өңдеуші және өндіруші салаларға инвестициялардың өсу қарқынынан асып түседі. Сондықтан да мақаланың тақырыбы қазіргі таңдағы маңызды мәселелердің бірі болып табыладыӘлемдік экономикалық дағдарыстар алдымызға жаңа сын-тегеуріндерді қойып, мемлекеттік саясаттың халықты қажетті әлеуметтік қорғаумен қамтамасыз етуге бағдарлануы салдарынан мемлекеттің экономикаға көбінше қатысуына әкелуде. Мемлекеттің жоғары белсенділігінің кері әсері – халық пен бизнестің тәуекелдер мен қазіргі заманның сын-тегеуріндері жағдайларында экономикалық агенттер ретінде өз мінез-құлқын өзгерту қажеттілігіне дайын болмауы. Дегенмен, көз алдымызда болып жатқан цифрлық революция Қазақстанға цифрландыруды мемлекеттік саясат ретінде өзінің даму жоспарына енгізу қажет екендігіне әкелуде.
Today, the world is actively entering the era of digital globalization. Information technology has become an important part of global trade in goods and services and data exchange. However, in order to develop in the right direction, it is always necessary to analyze the current state of the information and communication technology sector and identify problems that negatively affect its development.The development of the information and communication technology sector is closely linked to the development of the economy - the higher the level of economic development, the higher the level of development of information and communication technologies. At the same time, there is a feedback, the growth of the information and communication technology sector, in addition to increasing the number of jobs, increases the efficiency of other sectors of the economy.Global economic crises pose new challenges to us and lead to significant state participation in the economy due to the orientation of state policy to provide the population with the necessary social protection. The negative effect of the high activity of the state is the unwillingness of the population and business to the need to change their behavior as economic agents in the face of risks and challenges of our time. Nevertheless, the digital revolution taking place before our eyes leads to the fact that Kazakhstan needs to include digitalization in its development plan as a state policy.
Some aspects of the implementation of innovative business projects in the Republic of Kazakhstan at the present stage
Authors: Ибрагимова Н.В. , Каримбаева Г.Ж. , Ibragimova N. , Karimbaeva G. 
Published: August 2022

В статье раскрываются вопросы, касающиеся проектной инновационной деятельности современных предпринимательских компаний, способов выбора предпринимателями проектных организаций для разработки проектов, освоения инвестиционных вложений в разрезе отраслей, неэффективности внедрения проектов или их провалов. Проанализированы показатели освоения инвестиционных вложений в проекты по отраслям, процент осваиваемости проектов. Обнаружены проблемы в вопросах выбора предпринимателями проектных организаций, касающихся качества разработки проектов, освоения инвестиционных вложений в проекты в отраслевом аспекте, проблемы провала проектов либо их неэффективности по факту внедрения.Предложено проектным компаниям уделять большее внимание качеству выполняемых работ, связанных с разработкой проектов, разработать ряд мероприятий, касающихся их клиентоориентированности. Повышать доверие представителям государственных органов со стороны предпринимателей, путем ведения деятельности по сопровождению бизнес-проектов. Осуществлять поддержку, в плане приоритетности, инновационным проектам, направленным на изготовление продукции, то есть имеющим производственную составляющую. Выполнять проектирование с учетом критериев точности расчетов, постановки целей и задач проекта, а так же эффективности их реализации. Объектом исследования в статье является проектная деятельности бизнеса в Республике Казахстан, ее отраслевой аспект и показатели реализации.
The article deals with issues related to the innovation project activities of modern entrepreneurial companies, ways for entrepreneurs to choose design organizations for project development, development of investments in the context of industries, inefficiency in the implementation of projects or their failures. There are analyzed the indicators of the development of investments in projects by industry, the percentage of development of projects. Problems were found in the choice of design organizations by entrepreneurs, concerning the quality of project development, the development of investments in projects in the sectoral aspect, the problems of project failure or their inefficiency upon implementation. It is suggested that project companies pay more attention to the quality of work performed related to the development of projects, develop a number of measures related to their customer focus. By conducting activities to support business projects are increasing confidence in representatives of state bodies on the part of entrepreneurs. To support innovative projects aimed at manufacturing products in terms of priority, that is, having a production component. Perform design taking into account the criteria for accuracy of calculations, setting goals and objectives of the project, as well as the efficiency of their implementation. The project activities of business are the object of the study in the article, its industry aspect and implementation indicators in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
STRATEGI MENCIPTAKAN KEUNGGULAN BERSAING PELAKU UMKM BINAAN RUMAH BUMN PURWOKERTO MELALUI ORIENTASI PASAR DAN INOVASI
Authors: Putri Puspita Lianti , Sari Kartika Dwi Chandra 
Published: August 2022

Usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) merupakan salah satu kegiatan usaha yang berkontribusi besar dalam perekonomian nasional. Salah satu kunci untuk memenangkan persaingan terletak pada kemampuan UMKM untuk menciptakan keunggulan bersaing. Strategi yang umum bisa digunakan UMKM yaitu dengan orientasi pasar dan inovasi. Peneitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai strategi untuk menciptakan keunggulan bersaing dengan orientasi pasar dan inovasi yang telah dilakukan oleh pelaku UMKM binaan Rumah BUMN Purwokerto. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer dengan kuesioner dan wawancara langsung terhadap responden pengelola UMKM. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa inovasi dan orientasi pasar secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keunggulan bersaing.
Experimental and Numerical Investigations for Combined Blade Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: A. Khammas Farhan , Najem Abed Abdul Rahman 
Published: August 2022

In this paper, experimental and numerical investigations were carried out to evaluate the drag force of a combined frame with movable vanes. For this purpose, the combined frame model was developed from a flat plate with three movable vanes and one Darrieus straight bladed NACA0012. A straight-bladed Darrieus NACA0012 airfoil is attached at the tip of the model structure. The design increases the starting and total torque of the model on the side, which rotates to wind direction, hence increasing the drag coefficient and reduces the negative torque on the other side of the frame that rotates opposite to the wind. Combined frame in experimental work is tested in the subsonic wind tunnel to analyze the performance parameters like drag force and drag coefficient . The frame is tested under different wind speed ranging from 4 m/s to 28 m/s, test results show the reliable and efficient performance. The results indicated that the maximum drag force for the combine frame is 6 N at experimental work and 5.649 at numerical simulation under the same condition (wind speed V=28 m/s and azimuth angle θ = 90°). Computational Fluid Dynamic software (CFD) ANSYS FLUENT is used in this simulation which is carried out for the combined frame to investigate the drag force and drag coefficient, The finite volume method with Shear Stress Transport (STT), k- turbulence model is used, the predicted results show that the flow through the combined frame at the negative side when all the vanes are freely open. The static pressure drops across the combined frame when the combined frame rotates to the negative side and the resistance of the combined frame to the flow decreased. This case helps to increase turbine angular velocity and this leads to an increase in the power coefficient of the turbine.
Effects of side-effect risk framing strategies on COVID-19 vaccine intentions: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sudharsanan Nikkil , Favaretti Caterina , Hachaturyan Violetta , Bärnighausen Till , Vandormael Alain 
Published: August 2022

Background:Fear over side-effects is one of the main drivers of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A large literature in the behavioral and communication sciences finds that how risks are framed and presented to individuals affects their judgments of its severity. However, it remains unknown whether such framing changes can affect COVID-19 vaccine behavior and be deployed as policy solutions to reduce hesitancy.Methods:We conducted a pre-registered randomized controlled trial among 8998 participants in the United States and the United Kingdom to examine the effects of different ways of framing and presenting vaccine side-effects on individuals’ willingness to get vaccinated and their perceptions of vaccine safety.Results:Adding a descriptive risk label (‘very low risk’) next to the numerical side-effect and providing a comparison to motor-vehicle mortality increased participants’ willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine by 3.0 percentage points (p=0.003) and 2.4 percentage points (p=0.049), respectively. These effects were independent and additive and combining both framing strategies increased willingness to receive the vaccine by 6.1 percentage points (p<0.001). Mechanistically, we find evidence that these framing effects operate by increasing individuals’ perceptions of how safe the vaccine is.Conclusions:Low-cost side-effect framing strategies can meaningfully affect vaccine intentions at a population level.Funding:Heidelberg Institute of Global Health.Clinical trial number:German Clinical Trials Registry (#DRKS00025551).
Carriage of HBs Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Positive People at the Grand-Yoff General Hospital in Dakar, Senegal
Authors: Diop Abdou , Sylva Antoine , Diouf Niokhor Ndane , Boye Ousseynou , Fall Khadidiatou Sarr , Mbow Moustapha , Mbengue Babacar , Dièye Alioune , Niang Maguette Sylla 
Published: August 2022

Objective: To investigate the carriage of HBs antigen (Ag) and hepatitis C virus in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at Grand-Yoff General Hospital.
Materials and Methods: Sera from patients living with HIV and monitored at Grand-Yoff General Hospital have benefited from research for HBs Ag, HBe Ag, anti-H[8] Be antibodies and on these co-infected patients, a test for hepatitis C virus was also carried out.
Results: This study included 147 HIV-infected patients and including 95 women (64.63%) and 52 men (35, 37%) with a median age of 46 years (16-78 years). The gender ratio is M/W was 0.54 and the age group most represented at inclusion was 30-39 years old with 31.97% of patients. 12, 25% of patients were co-infected HIV and hepatitis B including 11 women (61.11%) and 7 men (38.89%). The median age was 39.5 years (33-60 years), women were the affected by co-infection and 44.44% of them were married. Chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C markers were tested for in HIV/HBV coinfected patients using a microparticulate chemiluminescence immunoassay technic. Investigation of hepatitis B chronicity markers indicated that all patient, except one, underwent anti-HBe seroconversion (94.4%) and no case of co-infection with HCV had been noted. During follow-up, all patients were under antiretroviral therapy with mainly tenofovir (TDF) which was the most used molecule with 83.33%, followed by lamivudine (3TC) 16.67%.
Conclusion: HIV infection is a major public health problem when it is associated with hepatitis B and C virus.
Acute and Chronic Pain Management in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Alsomali Dunya Yunus , Harshan Fahad Mohammed , Alnakhlie Walaa Saleh , Alsadiq Zahra Malik , Alenazi Mansour Menwi , Alshammari Faisal Dubayyan , Shaman Salem Ahmed , Albiek Hawra Fawzi , Algubashi Abdulmalek Hassan , Almuhaidib Meshal Abdulrahman , Alnaeem Yasser Abdulrhman 
Published: August 2022

Sickle cell disease is a genetic haemoglobin disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. Pain is one of the most commonly reported complication of sickle cell disease. Pain is further classified into two categories acute pain and chronic pain. Chronic pain is associated with more serious complications. Management of pain has a significant impact on quality of life of sickle cell disease patients. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about acute and chronic pain management in sickle cell disease. The best treatment for both acute and chronic pain requires a customized, varied approach. This approach combines therapeutic, non-pharmacological therapies, as well as integrated therapies as per the specific needs of each patient. Opioids are effectively used in management of the pain of sickle cell disease and their use is supported by literature especially in chronic pain. Methadone, ketamine, and nitrous oxide are also used to manage pain. For the treatment of acute pain, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, short-acting opioids, and adjuvants are used effectively in clinical practice. Opioids have become the recommended treatment for pain in sickle cell disease, and many chronic pain patients are sustained on opioid therapy for the rest of their lives. However, the distinction between acute and chronic opioid therapy modalities is blurred in sickle cell disease due to the association between recurring acute pain and chronic pain. Limited literature is available regarding management guidelines and therapeutic strategies so more clinical research and trials are needed in future to design and study effective management strategies for both acute and chronic pain.
Estimating abundance in unmarked populations of Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)
Authors: Stien Jennifer , Stien Audun , Tveraa Torkild , Rød‐Eriksen Lars , Eide Nina E. , Killengreen Siw T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Estimates of species abundance are of key importance in population and ecosystem level research but can be hard to obtain. Study designs using camera traps are increasingly being used for large‐scale monitoring of species that are elusive and/or occur naturally at low densities.
Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is one such species, and we investigate whether existing large‐scale monitoring programs using baited camera traps can be used to estimate the abundance of golden eagles, as an alternative to traditional labour‐intensive searches for active territories and nest sites during the breeding period.
The camera‐trap data allowed two measures of abundance to be estimated within each of four main study areas in mid and northern Norway; occupancy was measured as the probability of camera site use, and population size was measured as the number of individuals using camera sites within a study area. Spatial and temporal patterns in occupancy and population size were explored and evaluated against independent estimates of breeding pair density in the study areas.
Annual estimates of golden eagle occupancy showed low precision, while estimates of population size were more precise in relation to both estimated and anticipated abundance fluctuations. Estimates of population size may therefore be suitable for monitoring within‐study area temporal abundance trends, while estimates of occupancy seem unsuitable for such for golden eagles. Across study areas, patterns in both average occupancy and average population density estimated from population size were consistent with the spatial pattern in average breeding pair densities (r = 0.99, and r = 0.89, respectively). This suggests that camera‐trap‐based estimates of occupancy and population density, both reflect territory density at large spatial scales. In conclusion, our results suggest that baited camera traps can be a cost‐effective strategy for monitoring the abundance of golden eagles.