bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Conversion Analysis of Multilayered Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Synergistic Rain and Solar Energy Harvesting
Authors: Zheng Yang , Liu Tong , Wu Junpeng , Xu Tiantian , Wang Xiandi , Han Xun , Cui Hongzhi , Xu Xiaofeng , Pan Caofeng , Li Xiaoyi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is an emerging technology that offers excellent potential for the conversion of mechanical energy from rain into electricity for hybrid energy applications. However, a high‐performance TENG is yet to be achieved because a quantitative analysis method for the energy conversion process is still lacking. Herein, a quantitative analysis method, termed the "kinetic energy calculation and current integration" (KECCI) method, which significantly improves the understanding of the mechanical‐to‐electrical energy conversion process, is presented. Based on the KECCI method, a high‐performance TENG is developed by systematically optimizing a biomimetic surface structure and instant switch design, with 1.25 mA short‐circuit current (Isc), 150 V open‐circuit voltage (Voc), and a high energy‐conversion efficiency of 24.89%. Furthermore, a multilayered TENG device is proposed for continuously harvesting the kinetic energy of raindrops for further improvement in the energy‐conversion efficiency. Finally, the multilayered TENGs are integrated with organic photovoltaics, achieving all‐weather energy harvesting. This work presents a validated theoretical basis that will guide further development of TENGs toward higher performances, which will promote the commercialization of hybrid TENG systems for all‐weather applications.
Self‐Supported Gold‐Silk‐Chrysanthemum‐Like Superstructures Arrays Derived from Mn‐doped CoPS Nanowires with Superhydrophilic and Superaerophobic Surface for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Fan Jiayao , Chen Mingyu , Liu Bingxue , Xu Dongdong , Lin Yue , Shi Naien , Liu Ying , Dai Zhihui , Bao Jianchun , Han Min , Huang Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMetal phosphosulfides (layered MPS3 or pyrite‐type MPS) nanostructures have emerged as promising active materials for optoelectronics, magnetism, energy storage, and catalysis. Despite great progress that has been achieved, controllable synthesis of cationic‐doped CoPS nanostructures or related superstructures arrays remains challenging, and their electrocatalytic applications toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are not explored. Herein, the self‐supported Mn‐doped CoPS nanowire‐based gold‐silk‐chrysanthemum‐like superstructures arrays on carbon cloth (CC) with variable Mn‐content (Mn‐CoPS‐x%/CC) are fabricated by thermal conversion of MnCo‐layered‐double‐hydroxides‐x%/CC precursors under PxSy vapor/Ar atmosphere. Compared with pure CoPS/CC, all the Mn‐CoPS‐x%/CC show greatly enhanced electrocatalytic OER activity. Due to the suited Mn‐doping content and unique microstructure‐induced superhydrophilic and superaerophobic surface that can optimize electronic structure, offer more available active sites, and foster desorption of O2 product, the Mn‐CoPS‐5%/CC manifests the best OER activity with a low overpotential (270 mV) to reach 20 mA cm−2 current density and high turnover frequency (0.13 s−1), outperforming its counterparts, IrO2/CC and most of recently reported OER catalysts. Moreover, such Mn‐CoPS‐5%/CC exhibits good catalytic stability. This work offers an efficient avenue for optimizing MPS nanostructures toward OER by combining doping and structure engineering strategies, and may promote their applications in water‐splitting or other clean energy options.
Sandwiched Graphene/Bi2Te3/Graphene Thermoelectric Film with Exceptional Figure of Merit for Flexibility
Authors: Mao Zhendong , Wang Zhiwen , Shi Taifeng , Zong Peng‐an , Liang Jia , Liu Zhenguo , Zhang Peng , Huang Yujia , Han Yi , Ahmad Kaleem , Almutairi Zeyad , Wan Chunlei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFlexible thermoelectrics (TEs) that fit curved human skin well, could harvest energy from skin, and thus have been considered as a promising portable power source for wearable electronics. Bi2Te3, the most popular room‐temperature TE material, is still challenging to be applied in flexible devices due to its rigid nature. Although many Bi2Te3‐based films have been reported to be flexible when made thin enough, the thermal and electrical loads across them are rather small with severe limitation on the maximum power output. This work realizes a thick Bi2Te3‐based TE film with a “graphene/Bi2Te3/graphene” sandwiched structure, which demonstrates an unprecedentedly high figure of merit for flexibility among all Bi2Te3‐based films ever reported, due to the outstanding intrinsic flexibility of graphene and a small slippage barrier. Meanwhile, graphene acts as express conducting channels as well as carrier donors, resulting in an increased electrical conductivity. The numerous graphene/Bi2Te3 heterointerfaces induce energy filtering effect, leading to an enhanced Seebeck coefficient, and thus an optimized power factor is achieved. This work offers a cost‐effective avenue to make highly flexible TE films for power supply of wearable electronics by intercalating TE nanoplates into 2‐dimensional nanosheets.
Light‐Actuated Anisotropic Microactuators from CNT/Hydrogel Nanocomposites
Authors: Gregg Aoife , De Volder Michael F. L. , Baumberg Jeremy J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOver the past decades, functional hydrogels that respond to a variety of mechanical and chemical stimuli with a volume change of more than 100% have been developed. Despite this impressive behavior, practical applications of conventional hydrogels are limited by the need to transform their isotropic swelling/contraction into useful deformations, as well as their slow response times. Here, these challenges are addressed by combining poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), a widely used temperature‐responsive polymer, with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). To ensure strong PNIPAM−CNT cohesion, the hydrogel is synthesized directly on the CNT surfaces using in situ redox polymerization. The anisotropy of vertically‐aligned CNT forests is used to transform the isotropic (de)swelling of PNIPAM into anisotropic motion. This material combination is particularly attractive because the high optical absorption and heat conductivity of carbon nanotubes converts light irradiation into PNIPAM actuation. A wide variety of CNT‐skeleton microstructures are tested to reveal a range of actuation behaviors. The authors demonstrate fast reversible movement, active switching from low to high light absorption states, lattice shape changes, and good cycling stability.
Dynamic Augmented Reality Display by Layer‐Folded Metasurface via Electrical‐Driven Liquid Crystal
Authors: Tang Jiao , Wan Shuai , Shi Yangyang , Wan Chengwei , Wang Zejing , Li Zhongyang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHeading toward the next‐generation versatile meta‐devices and meta‐systems with increasing complexity, it inevitably demands the cascading and coupling between multi‐layer metasurfaces to create new design space for meta‐optics. However, the accurate requirement for multilayer alignment at the nanoscale is significantly challenging due to the actual fabrication limitation, thus hindering the state‐of‐the‐art meta‐optics device integration and its practical application. Herein, a dynamic meta‐system for augmented reality (AR) holographic display functionality based on a layer‐folded metasurface integrated with an electrical‐driven liquid crystal (LC) platform is originally proposed and realized. By ingeniously folding the optical path between meta‐device vertical space, a beam‐steering metasurface in parallel with the other two holographic metasurfaces placed on a single surface is successfully cascaded. Such a layer‐folded scheme enjoys single‐time lithography processing for multi‐patterning with nanoscale alignment accuracy and avoids any vertical alignment issue. Furthermore, by combining with an electrical‐driven LC tuning scheme, the integrated meta‐system could actively switch independent‐encoded holographic images in real‐time floating in the actual‐world scene. Overall, it is envisioned that such a compact dynamic meta‐system suggests a feasible route for dynamic tunable wearable AR displays, intelligent dynamic displays, multi‐functional devices, etc.
Homologous MXene‐Derived Electrodes for Potassium‐Ion Full Batteries
Authors: Sun Lanju , Sun Jikai , Zhai Shengliang , Dong Tiantian , Yang Hongyan , Tan Yi , Fang Xu , Liu Chengcheng , Deng Wei‐Qiao , Wu Hao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe development of potassium‐ion battery (PIB) electrode materials is critical for promoting their use in next‐generation energy storage systems. Although metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are appealing electrode materials, their performance in PIBs remains unsatisfactory. The low K+ adsorption energy (ΔEa) on the saturated coordination of MOFs can explain the limited capacity. Herein, MXene‐derived MOF nodes (NMD‐MOF) are unlocked and used as anodes in PIB. The NMD‐MOF anode exhibits substantially increased capacity (250 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1), as well as good rate‐performance and excellent capacity retention. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the ΔEa at unlocked node sites is significantly higher than at intact node sites of the pristine MOF. Furthermore, the NMD‐MOF anode and homologous MXene‐derived K+‐intercalated vanadium oxide (MD‐KVO) cathode combine to assemble a PIB, which delivers an encouraging capacity of 63 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and high energy (143 Wh kg−1) and power density (440 W kg−1). The fabrication of MXene‐derived electrode materials and the unlocking node strategy for binding site activation may spur further research into highly active electrode materials for energy storage devices.
Progress on Emerging Ferroelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting, Storage and Conversion
Authors: Wei Xian‐Kui , Domingo Neus , Sun Young , Balke Nina , Dunin‐Borkowski Rafal E. , Mayer Joachim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince the discovery of Rochelle salt a century ago, ferroelectric materials have been investigated extensively due to their robust responses to electric, mechanical, thermal, magnetic, and optical fields. These features give rise to a series of ferroelectric‐based modern device applications such as piezoelectric transducers, memories, infrared detectors, nonlinear optical devices, etc. On the way to broaden the material systems, for example, from three to two dimensions, new phenomena of topological polarity, improper ferroelectricity, magnetoelectric effects, and domain wall nanoelectronics bear the hope for next‐generation electronic devices. In the meantime, ferroelectric research has been aggressively extended to more diverse applications such as solar cells, water splitting, and CO2 reduction. In this review, the most recent research progress on newly emerging ferroelectric states and phenomena in insulators, ionic conductors, and metals are summarized, which have been used for energy storage, energy harvesting, and electrochemical energy conversion. Along with the intricate coupling between polarization, coordination, defect, and spin state, the exploration of transient ferroelectric behavior, ionic migration, polarization switching dynamics, and topological ferroelectricity, sets up the physical foundation ferroelectric energy research. Accordingly, the progress in understanding of ferroelectric physics is expected to provide insightful guidance on the design of advanced energy materials.
Significant impact of cachexia index on the outcomes after hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Tanji Yoshiaki , Furukawa Kenei , Haruki Koichiro , Taniai Tomohiko , Onda Shinji , Tsunematsu Masashi , Shirai Yoshihiro , Yanagaki Mitsuru , Igarashi Yosuke , Ikegami Toru 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between preoperative cachexia index (CXI) and long‐term outcomes in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) after hepatic resection.MethodIn all,118 patients who underwent hepatic resection for CRLM were analyzed retrospectively. The relationship between CXI and the long‐term outcomes in patients after hepatic resection was investigated. CXI was calculated based on preoperative skeletal muscle index, serum albumin level, and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio.ResultsThe multivariate analysis showed that extrahepatic lesion (hazard ratio [HR] 2.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48–5.53, P < .01) and high CXI (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.20–0.98, P = .04) were independent and significant predictors of disease‐free survival. Moreover, extrahepatic lesion (HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.03–5.22, P = .04), high CXI (HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.05–0.57, P < .01), and curability R 1 or 2 (HR 3.29, 95% CI 1.23–8.78, P = .02) were independent and significant predictors of overall survival.ConclusionCXI is a useful prognostic factor for disease‐free survival and overall survival after hepatic resection in CRLM patients.
Local nasal immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kasemsuk Navarat , Ngaotepprutaram Premyot , Kanjanawasee Dichapong , Suwanwech Triphoom , Durham Stephen R. , Canonica Giorgio Walter , Tantilipikorn Pongsakorn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionLocal nasal immunotherapy (LNIT), an alternative noninjection immunotherapy method, is theoretically an efficient method for inducing immunotolerance directly in the affected organ. LNIT is more convenient and less invasive than injection immunotherapy, with fewer systemic reactions. The development of adjuvants to overcome LNIT's limitations raises the possibility of it being an alternative allergen immunotherapy.ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy and safety of LNIT for patients with allergic rhinitis.MethodsA systematic search for randomized controlled trials comparing LNIT and placebo was performed using OVID Medline and Embase. Outcomes were total nasal symptom score (TNSS), symptom–medication score (SMS), medication score, immunological assessment, and nasal provocation threshold. Data were pooled for meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 20 studies with 698 participants were included. The LNIT group had greater posttreatment improvement in TNSS, SMS, and medication score than control (TNSS: standardized mean difference [SMD], –1.37 [95% confidence interval [CI], –2.04 to –0.69]; SMS: SMD, –1.55 [95% CI, –2.83 to –0.28]; and medication score: SMD, –1.09 [95% CI, –1.35 to –0.83]). Immunological assessments showed no significant differences in serum‐specific IgE (mean difference [MD], 6.35; 95% CI, –4.62 to 17.31), nasal IgE (MD, –0.59; 95% CI, –1.99 to 0.81), or nasal eosinophil cationic protein (MD, 7.63; 95% CI, –18.65 to 33.91). Only serum IgG significantly increased with LNIT (MD, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.20, 0.70). Posttreatment, nasal provocation threshold was higher with LNIT (MD, 27.30; 95% CI, 10.13–44.46). No significant adverse events were reported.ConclusionsLNIT is a safe alternative allergen immunotherapy route without significant adverse events. It improves clinical symptoms, reduces medication usage, and increases the nasal provocation threshold.
Activities of daily living and psychiatric symptoms after intensive care unit discharge among critically ill patients with or without tracheostomy: a single center longitudinal study
Authors: Shibata Mami , Miyamoto Kyohei , Shima Nozomu , Nakashima Tsuyoshi , Kunitatsu Kosei , Yonemitsu Takafumi , Kawabata Atsumi , Kishi Yutsuki , Kato Seiya 
Published: May 2022

AimTracheostomy is widely performed in critically ill patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation. Long‐term morbidity (post‐intensive care syndrome) in tracheostomized patients is not widely reported, however, so we evaluate it here.MethodsThis is a sub‐analysis of a single center prospective longitudinal study, which assessed activities of daily living (ADL) and psychiatric symptoms in adult patients emergently admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We evaluated association between these symptoms and tracheostomy by posting questionnaires at 3 and 12 months after ICU discharge.ResultsWe analyzed 107 patients (15 patients with tracheostomy) at 3 months and 74 patients (13 patients with tracheostomy) at 12 months after ICU discharge. ADL tended to be lower in patients with tracheostomy than in those without tracheostomy at 3 months after ICU discharge (65 [10–100] versus 95 [59–100];P = 0.28, 7/15 [47%] versus 30/102 [30%] Barthel Index scored ≤ 60;P = 0.23), however there were no significant differences. Psychiatric symptoms were not different between the groups at 3 months and again at 12 months.ConclusionActivities of daily living disability and psychiatric symptoms were not significantly worse in patients with tracheostomy at 3 and 12 months from ICU discharge compared with patients without tracheostomy. Despite the limited number in our cohort, our study may inform shared decision making concerning tracheostomy for critically ill patients and their families.
A review on emerging developments in thermal and moisture management by membrane‐based clothing systems towards personal comfort
Authors: Gorji Mohsen , Mazinani Saeedeh , Gharehaghaji Ali Akbar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEnhanced heat and moisture management has become highly urgent to clothing systems due to the global need to personalize the ventilation process. As a significant sector of apparel industries, membrane‐based clothing systems offer protection and ventilation functionalities. This review aims at providing a new viewpoint on efforts to improve heat and moisture management in membrane‐based clothing systems according to the latest advances in this field. The study terminates with presenting a perspective on current challenges and opportunities for future research directions in personal thermal and moisture management technologies. In fact, membranes with different functionalities used in clothing systems such as photonic membranes with heating and cooling performances, unidirectional liquid transport membranes, waterproof‐breathable membranes, shape‐memory membranes, thermoregulating membranes, thermal conductive membranes and finally protective membranes are investigated. The essential functions associated to different categories of the investigated membranes along with the relationships between membrane structure and properties are presented.
Abnormal functional connectivity in the right dorsal anterior insula associated with cognitive dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Wang Man , Zhang Dongsheng , Gao Jie , Qi Fei , Su Yu , Lei Yumeng , Shao Zhirong , Ai Kai , Tang Min , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with a high incidence worldwide. T2DM can cause cognitive impairment, but its neuropathological basis is unclear. A variety of neuropsychiatric studies have found that abnormal functional connectivity (FC) in the central executive network (CEN), default‐mode network (DMN), and salience network (SN) may be the neuropathological basis of cognitive dysfunction. The right dorsal anterior insula (dAI) is the core SN area. It plays an important role in regulating the CEN and the DMN. However, few studies have explored the relationship between cognitive impairment and FC among the right dAI, CEN, and DMN in patients with T2DM.MethodsResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate FC between the right dAI and the CEN and DMN in 44 patients with T2DM and 41 sex‐, age‐, and education‐matched healthy controls, as well as its relationship with clinical/cognitive variables.ResultsIn patients with T2DM, FC between the right dAI and multiple brain regions of the CEN and DMN was generally decreased, and FC strength between the right dAI and the inferior frontal gyrus negatively correlated with trail making test A score (r = −0.421, p = 0.004).ConclusionsPatients with T2DM exhibit abnormal FC between the right dAI and the CEN and DMN. This may be one of the neuromechanisms of cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM. In addition, reduced FC between the right dAI and the right inferior frontal gyrus may be related to abnormal attention regulation in patients with T2DM.
Sprayable tissue adhesive with biodegradation tuned for prevention of postoperative abdominal adhesions
Authors: Erdi Metecan , Rozyyev Selim , Balabhadrapatruni Manogna , Saruwatari Michele S. , Daristotle John L. , Ayyub Omar B. , Sandler Anthony D. , Kofinas Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdhesions are dense, fibrous bridges that adjoin tissue surfaces due to uncontrolled inflammation following postoperative mesothelial injury. A widely used adhesion barrier material in Seprafilm often fails to prevent transverse scar tissue deposition because of its poor mechanical properties, rapid degradation profile, and difficulty in precise application. Solution blow spinning (SBS), a polymer fiber deposition technique, allows for the placement of in situ tissue‐conforming and tissue‐adherent scaffolds with exceptional mechanical properties. While biodegradable polymers such as poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) have desirable strength, they exhibit bulk biodegradation rates and inflammatory profiles that limit their use as adhesion barriers and result in poor tissue adhesion. Here, viscoelastic poly(lactide‐co‐caprolactone) (PLCL) is used for its pertinent biodegradation mechanism. Because it degrades via surface erosion, spray deposited PLCL fibers can dissolve new connections formed by inflamed tissue, allowing them to function as an effective, durable, and easy‐to‐apply adhesion barrier. Degradation kinetics are tuned to match adhesion formation through the design of PLCL blends comprised of highly adhesive “low”‐molecular weight (LMW) constituents in a mechanically robust “high”‐molecular weight (HMW) matrix. In vitro studies demonstrate that blending LMW PLCL (30% w/v) with HMW PLCL (70% w/v) yields an anti‐fibrotic yet tissue‐adhesive polymer sealant with a 14‐day erosion rate countering adhesion formation. PLCL blends additionally exhibit improved wet tissue adhesion strength (~10 kPa) over a 14‐day period versus previously explored biodegradable polymer compositions, such as PLGA. In a mouse cecal ligation model, select PLCL blends significantly reduce abdominal adhesions severity versus no treatment and Seprafilm‐treated controls.