bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of 10 bioactive flavonoids in Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi) by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography and high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry combined with chemometric methods
Authors: Wu Mengmei , Ma Shuting , Wu Menghua , Cao Hui , Zhang Ying , Ma Zhiguo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionAurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi in Chinese) is the dried young fruit of Citrus aurantium L. (CA) and its cultivated varieties or Citrus sinensis Osbeck (CS). The content of flavonoids in different varieties of Zhishi may be significantly different. However, there is confusion about the botanical origin of Zhishi, and there is no reliable and systematic method to control Zhishi quality.ObjectivesWe aimed to establish an ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography method coupled with diode‐array detection and high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐DAD‐HRMS/MS) for the quantitative analysis of 10 flavonoids in Zhishi that could be used for quality control and botanical origin identification.MethodologyA UPLC‐DAD‐HRMS/MS method was established for simultaneous identification and quantification of 10 flavonoids. Separation was performed on a Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase under gradient elution. MS was performed in positive and negative ionisation modes. The flavonoids in 41 batches were isolated and quantified. Zhishi of different botanical origins were identified by chemometrics.ResultsThe results showed that the established method for the determination of 10 components was reliable and accurate. Chemometrics could be used to distinguish Zhishi of different botanical origins. There were significant differences in the contents of 10 flavonoids in samples of different botanical origins.ConclusionsThe quantitative analysis method in this study can be used to accurately determine the content of 10 flavonoids and provide a chemical basis for quality control and botanical origin identification of Zhishi.
Crystallization, microstructure and mechanical properties of directionally oriented films prepared using a novel blowing‐film process
Authors: Wu Sen‐lei , He Yue , Huang Wei‐dong , Qu Jin‐ping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA novel process of film preparation using a self‐made internal mandrel and external mold reverse rotation die is proposed. In this process, the mold's inner mandrel and outer parts rotate in opposite directions to achieve melt circumferential shear flow. In the blowing‐film process, a polymer melt is subjected to a flow field composed of extruded pressure extrusion and the reverse rotation of the die. The equipment has been used to successfully prepare low‐density polyethylene films. The microstructure and properties of films obtained under various internal and external reverse rotation speeds were studied. The results show that the rotation speeds are beneficial for forming a highly ordered crystalline structure of the film. As a result of microstructure evolution, the transverse direction (TD) tensile strength was enhanced by 39.4% and the machine direction (MD) tensile strength was enhanced by 47.4%. TD and MD breaking elongation increased by 38% and 43%, and the TD tensile breaking stress from 7.41 MPa was enhanced up to 10.79 MPa and the MD tensile breaking stress from 7.24 MPa was enhanced up to 11.26 MPa. The TD and MD tear strength increased by 38.2% and 28.3%. This novel blowing‐film process can be used to control the microstructure of films by controlling process parameters to improve the mechanical properties of films. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Current and projected workforce of spinal cord injury medicine board‐certified physicians through 2040
Authors: Svircev Jelena N. , Raddatz Mikaela M. , Leung Audrey S. , Burns Stephen P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCare delivered by physicians experienced and trained in spinal cord injury medicine (SCIM) offers benefit to individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (ABPMR) offers board certification (BC) to physicians who have met eligibility requirements. Enough individuals must earn and maintain BC in order to maintain a SCIM specialty‐trained workforce. This study used demographic data of physicians with SCIM BC obtained from the ABPMR, American Board of Internal Medicine, American Board of Medical Specialties, and National Resident Matching Program. Since the SCIM Examination was first offered, 723 physicians received initial certification, and 464 physicians held BC in 2020. Peak workforce size is estimated to have occurred in 2007, and SCIM fellowship trained‐BC physicians began to make up the majority of all current SCIM board‐certified physicians in 2019. Models for best fit were developed with known data. Projections suggest a continued decrease in total SCIM board‐certified physicians until 2034, then only a slight increase until steady state is reached with 376 SCIM board‐certified physicians. If the number of individuals receiving SCIM BC remains unchanged, there will be reductions in SCIM board‐certified physicians for another 15 years. Whether this supply meets demand is unknown.
Tailoring the D‐A‐D electron‐withdrawing core as hole transport materials towards boosting the transport performance of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zang Zifu , Chen Zhijian , Wang Jiaoyang , Song Peng , Li Yuanzuo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFive donor‐acceptor‐donor (D‐A‐D) hole transport materials (HTMs) are investigated to reveal the effect of core units on the structure‐property relationship. Structurally, the five electron‐withdrawing cores are derivatives of diazosulfide, and the bis(N, N‐bis(4‐[methoxy]phenyl))aniline segment performed as the symmetrical end‐capping. The DFT and TD‐DFT coupled with the Marcus theory are used to look into electronic structures, ground and excited state properties, charge transport mobilities, and charge transfer analyses. It is found that the HTM‐PT shows little differences in planarity, ionization potential, and solubility compared with the original molecule. Additionally, the HTM‐PT exhibits lower frontier molecular orbital (FMOs), smaller bandgap, and red‐shift than HTM‐DP. More importantly, among the four designed HTMs, the HTM‐PT shows a larger hopping rate and mobility. As the charge transfer analyses, the HTM‐PT exhibits a larger intramolecular charger transfer amount and charge transfer distance than the prototypical one, which is conducive to a larger short‐circuit current. Through the evaluation from various aspects, it is reasonable to infer that PT‐core with excellent properties has potential advantages in regulating HTMs.
Diptoindonesin G antagonizes AR signaling and enhances the efficacy of antiandrogen therapy in prostate cancer
Authors: Mao Fengyi , Kong Yifan , Liu Jinghui , Rao Xiongjian , Li Chaohao , Donahue Kristine , Zhang Yanquan , Jones Katelyn , Zhang Qiongsi , Xu Wei , Liu Xiaoqi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway has been well demonstrated to play a crucial role in the development, progression, and drug resistance of prostate cancer. Although the current anti‐androgen therapy could significantly benefit prostate cancer patients initially, the efficacy of the single drug usually lasts for a relatively short period, as drug resistance quickly emerges.MethodsWe have performed an unbiased bioinformatics analysis using the RNA‐seq results in 22Rv1 cells to identify the cell response toward Dip G treatment. The RNA‐seq results were validated by qRT‐PCR. Protein levels were detected by western blot or staining. Cell viability was measured by Aquabluer and colony formation assay.ResultsHere, we identified that Diptoindonesin G (Dip G), a natural extracted compound, could promote the proteasome degradation of AR and polo‐like kinase 1 (PLK1) through modulating the activation of CHIP E3 ligase. Administration of Dip G has shown a profound efficiency in the suppression of AR and PLK1, not only in androgen‐dependent LNCaP cells but also in castration‐resistant and enzalutamide‐resistant cells in a CHIP‐dependent manner. Through co‐targeting the AR signaling, Dip G robustly improved the efficacy of HSP90 inhibitors and enzalutamide in both human prostate cancer cells and in vivo xenograft mouse model.ConclusionsOur results revealed that Dip G‐mediated AR degradation would be a promising and valuable therapeutic strategy in the clinic.
Phosphate addition enhances alkaline extraction of glyphosate from highly sorptive soils and aquatic sediments
Authors: Wimmer Benedikt , Neidhardt Harald , Schwientek Marc , Haderlein Stefan B , Huhn Carolin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAnalytical constraints complicate environmental monitoring campaigns of the herbicide glyphosate and its major degradation product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA): their strong sorption to soil minerals requires harsh extraction conditions. Coextracted matrix compounds impair downstream analysis and must be removed before analysis.RESULTSA new extraction method combined with subsequent capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry for derivatization‐free analysis of glyphosate and AMPA in soil and sediment was developed and applied to a suite of environmental samples. It was compared to three extraction methods from literature. We show that no extraction medium reaches 100% recovery. The new phosphate‐supported alkaline extraction method revealed (1) high recoveries of 70–90% for soils and aquatic sediments, (2) limits of detections below 20 μg kg−1, and (3) a high robustness, because impairing matrix components (trivalent cations and humic acids) were precipitated prior to the analysis. Soil and sediment samples collected around Tübingen, Germany, revealed maximum glyphosate and AMPA residues of 80 and 2100 μg kg−1, respectively, with residues observed along a core of lake sediments. Glyphosate and/or AMPA were found in 40% of arable soils and 57% of aquatic sediment samples.CONCLUSIONIn this work, we discuss soil parameters that influence (de)sorption and thus extraction. From our results we conclude that residues of glyphosate in environmental samples are easily underestimated. With its possible high throughput, the method presented here can resolve current limitations in monitoring campaigns of glyphosate by addressing soil and aquatic sediment samples with critical sorption characteristics.
Nonfragile consensus of nonlinear multiagent systems with intrinsic delays via aperiodic memory sampled‐data control
Authors: Han Sheng , Zhong Qishui , Wang Yang , Shi Kaibo , Zhong Shouming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the consensus issue of nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) with intrinsic time‐varying delays via the nonfragile and aperiodic memory sampled‐data control scheme. An improved continuous Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) with some two‐sided looped‐functional terms is introduced, in which several free‐weighting‐matrices are not necessarily positive definite. Furthermore, based on the property of Laplacian matrix, the consensus issue of original MASs can be investigated directly without transforming into error systems. Then, several sufficient criteria for the consensus of MASs are presented by means of the recently developed generalized integral inequality and the constructed LKF. Next, the required nonfragile controller gain is obtained by resorting to linear matrix inequalities and the maximal length of sampling period is derived as well. Finally, two illustrative examples are employed to exhibit the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed consensus protocol.
Targeting river operations to the critical thermal window of fish incubation: Model and case study on Sacramento River winter‐run Chinook salmon
Authors: Anderson James J. , Beer William Nicholas , Israel Joshua A. , Greene Sheila 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAllocating reservoir flows to meet societal and ecosystem needs under increasing water demands and climatic variability presents challenges to resource managers. Often, rivers have been regulated to meet flow and temperature compliance points or mimic historical patterns. Because it is difficult to assess if this approach is efficient, process‐based models are being used to design river operations. This paper describes a model for fish incubation survival based on the premise that mortality from thermal stress occurs over a critical window (CW) of embryo development. A model for the embryo CW based on metabolic studies of development is combined with density‐dependent and background mortalities to describe salmonid survival from egg fertilization to fry detection downstream. The model is calibrated with a two‐decade dataset of Sacramento River winter‐run Chinook salmon egg‐to‐fry survival. The effects of temperature exposure over a range of CWs were explored. Based on statistical and biological support, two alternative CWs were identified for temperature control: the entire incubation period and a short duration window prior to hatching. Survival under different CW assumptions and temperature control operations were simulated with an internet‐accessible form of the model. The analysis indicated that under years of limited cold‐water resources, targeting water releases to the CW prior to hatching would yield the highest incubation survival.
NiO‐MnOx/Polyaniline/Graphite Electrodes for Urea Electrocatalysis: Synergetic Effect between Polymorphs of MnOx and NiO.
Authors: Hefnawy Mahmoud A. , Medany Shymaa S. , El‐Sherif Rabab M. , Fadlallah Sahar A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, we are enhancing the catalytic activity of the urea electrooxidation (UEO) process by using the composite of polyaniline (Pani), nickel oxide (NiO), and polymorphs of manganese oxide (MnOx) based on a graphite electrode. The hydro‐gel method was used to prepare catalyst suspension with different ratios from NiO and MnOx. The chemical structures and surface morphology were characterized by employing the IR, XRD, and SEM/EDEX techniques. The catalytic activity of four modified electrocatalysts G/Pani/NiMn1, G/Pani/NiMn2, G/Pani/NiMn3, G/Pani/NiMn4 was investigated using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance. The kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficient, Tafel slope, charge transfer coefficient, and surface coverage were calculated to choose the best electrocatalysts toward UEO in alkaline solution. The anodic current of new electrodes achieved about 16 mA.cm−2at potential of 550 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). Density functional theory studies (DFT) have been carried out to assess the adsorption energy between polyaniline (Pani) and the metal oxides.
Lignin@Ni‐NPs: A Novel, Highly Efficient, Recyclable, and Selective Nanocatalyst for Base‐Free Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions at Room Temperature
Authors: Bharamanagowda Marulasiddeshwara Madrahalli , Panchangam Raghavendra Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNickel nanoparticles were synthesized readily by sonication of a mixture of nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate, hydrazine hydrate, lignin and water at 60 °C. This lignin supported nickel nanoparticles (Lignin@Ni‐NPs) have been characterized by UV‐Visible, PXRD, EDX, SEM and TEM techniques. The average size of Ni‐NPs was found in the range of 15‐20 nm as revealed by TEM micrographs. The amount of nickel(0) loaded in Lignin@Ni‐NPs determined by EDX was 36.6 %. The catalytic activity of Lignin@Ni‐NPs have been evaluated in the transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds into the corresponding alcohols. The catalyst have been found efficient for hydrogen‐transfer reduction of functionalised and non‐fuctionalised including heteroaromatic carbonyl compounds as the desired alcohols were obtained in high yields of about 90‐95 % at room temperature, under base‐free conditions and in short reaction times. The catalyst was recovered by simple filtration and it has an advantage of being reuable more than six times without significant loss in its catalytic activity.
Research Progress in the Pharmacological Effects and Synthesis of Nicotine
Authors: Ye Xiaoping , Zhang Yanxin , Song Xiaoping , Liu Qingchao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNicotine is an alkaloid found in solanaceae plants and an important component in tobacco. It is the main substance that causes smoking addiction and can have many effects on the nervous system. In recent years, nicotine has been found to have the value of drug transformation research, which has attracted the attention of a large number of scholars in the fields of organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Related drug transformation research and chemical synthesis continue to emerge. This article mainly summarizes the research progress of nicotine pharmacological effects and synthesis.
Simultaneous Detection of Pb2+ and Cu2+ on β‐CD‐NH2‐Fe3O4 Modified Electrode
Authors: Huang Baomei , Luo Xi , Pu Qingmiao , Guo Junchun , Tong Xinyu , Lu Xiaoquan 
Published: March 2022

Abstractβ‐CD‐NH2‐Fe3O4 magnetic nanomaterials were prepared and the electrochemical sensor was constructed using β‐CD‐NH2‐Fe3O4 magnetic nanomaterials modified GCE to determine toxic heavy metals(Pb2+, Cu2+) in river water. SEM, XRD and FTIR were used to characterize the structure and phase of β‐CD‐NH2‐Fe3O4. DPV results indicated that β‐CD‐NH2‐Fe3O4 modified GCE possessed large active area and excellent electron transfer. Under the optimum conditions, the peak current was proportional to the ion concentration in the range of 40 nM∼10 μM. LOD of Pb2+ and Cu2+ in this method was 1.71 nM and 1.57 nM, respectively. Compared with other similar results reported in the literature, the β‐CD‐NH2‐Fe3O4 modified electrode exhibited wider linear response range while with comparable lower LOD. It also exhibited excellent stability, reproducibility and anti‐interference ability.
CBr4 Promoted α‐Acyloxyation of β‐Keto Esters and β‐Diketones by Sodium Carboxylates
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqiang , Ma Haojie , Zhou Nengneng , Cai Xiuqin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCBr4 promoted C−O coupling of β‐keto esters and β‐diketones with sodium carboxylates has been developed. This mild and operationally simple methodology, using sodium carboxylates as acyloxyation source and deacid reagent, provides an efficient pathway for the acquisition of prospective α‐acyloxylated ketones.
Self‐Supported CuO In‐Situ‐Grown on Copper Foil as Binder‐Free Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Han , Cai Xuesong , Li Xingqiu , Chen Yuan , Ye Nini , Liang Chenglu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTransition metal oxides as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) possess the advantages of high specific capacity and abundance. However, most reported transition metal oxides based active anode materials were coated on the copper current collector with the addition of inactive polymer binder and conductive agents, resulting in low utilization of active substances. To solve this problem, nanostructured CuO with different morphologies (CuO bunches, CuO nanosheets, CuO nanotubes) were in‐situ grown on the copper current collectors via a simple wet chemical oxidation method. The as‐obtained CuO@Cu foils were used directly as anode for LIBs. CuO nanotubes exhibited excellent electrochemical performance and sustained a reversible discharge specific capacity of 798 mA h g−1 after 60 cycles at 100 mA g−1. At current density of 1000 mA g−1, a high specific capacity of 758 mA h g−1 can be obtained after 200 cycles. The satisfying electrochemical performances of the CuO nanotubes anode indicated that a stable composite structure of CuO@Cu foils was achieved in the binder free electrode. This work demonstrated the feasibility of this binder free strategy in the development of electrode materials for high performance lithium‐ion batteries design.
Synthesis of Dual Red‐Emitting Fluorescent Silver Nanoclusters in Aqueous Lipoic Acid‐Based Polymer Solutions and Application for Cu2+ Detection and Cell Imaging
Authors: Yang Tao , Xie Yangchun , Zhang Sanjun , He Xiaohua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDual red‐emitting fluorescent and water‐soluble silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) were synthesized in aqueous solutions through the reduce reaction method using lipoic acid‐modified‐poly(vinyl alcohol) as a novel protective ligand and sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. The obtained AgNCs exhibited a large Stokes shift and high stability. The fluorescence lifetime of the obtained AgNCs was 1.4×104 ns and the corresponding quantum yield reached 7.1 %. The obtained AgNCs showed highly sensitive and selective detection of Cu2+, in which the evaluation of Cu2+ was allowed in the range of 0–28 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.71 μM. Moreover, the obtained AgNCs are explored to application for bioimaging through incubation with ID8 cells.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Nanocomposites Based on Montmorillonite and Hexahydroquinolinyl Ether Hybrids
Authors: Abd Allah Omyma A. , Elshater Abdelhamid 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFamiliarly, montmorillonite (MMT) ‐ based composites are prepared by the absorption method, which produced unstable MMT composites, since the adsorbates were easily pull out from MMT. Herein, using a new technique, the hexahydro‐ quinolinylhexahydroquinolinyl ethers resulting from the cyclization reaction of 1,3‐cyclohexanedione with p‐aminophenol and arylidinemalono‐ nitrilesarylidinemalononitriles in presence of Ca‐montmorillonite (Ca‐MMT), were grafted on Ca‐MMT surface via formation of coordinate bonds to produce stable nanocomposites. In these reactions, Ca‐MMT played as a heterogeneous catalyst and as the hydrophobic surface chemically bonded with the formed ether molecules. NMR, FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed the successful surface modification of the nanoparticles clay with the formed ethers molecules via formation of coordinate and hydrogen bonds. These stable nanocomposites are characterized by their thermal stability and higher solubility in dioxane and dimethyl sulphoxide solvents.Also, these nanocomposites has a potential application in environment, biomedicine and engineered barriers.
Geometric Engineering of Porous PtCu Nanotubes with Ultrahigh Methanol Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction Capability
Authors: Xu Feng , Cai Shaobin , Lin Benfeng , Yang Liu , Le Huafeng , Mu Shichun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlatinum (Pt), as a commonly used electrocatalyst in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), suffers from sluggish kinetics of both the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Geometric engineering has been proven effective for improving the MOR and ORR activities. Thus, by modulating the Pt precursor and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) dosages, different porous PtCu nanotubes constructed by hollow nanospheres, solid alloy, and Pt‐rich skinned nanoparticles, respectively, are successfully synthesized. Among them, the solid PtCu alloy nanoparticle coherent nanotubes exhibit the specific activity 9.42 times higher than Pt/C toward MOR, while the hollow PtCu alloy nanosphere coherent nanotubes show the specific activity 4.85 times higher than Pt/C toward ORR. The different Pt:Cu ratios of hollow nanospheres, solid alloy, and Pt‐rich skinned nanoparticles cause the differences in electron transfer from Cu to Pt as well as electronic structures of Pt. As a result, the binding energies of intermediates can be regulated, leading to the enhancement in MOR and ORR.