bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research Protocol: Prehabilitation For Holmium Laser Enucleation Of The Prostate (Holep)
Authors: Mahmood Mubariz , Cottam Daniel , Ahmed Momen Sid , Nkwam Nkwam , Rampal Tara 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Surgery causes a physiological and psychological stress response which can lead to a decline in functional capacity (1). The adoption of prehabilitation into existing pathways can improve postoperative outcomes. HoLEP (Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate) is a minimally invasive surgical treatment for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. We aim to assess the feasibility of providing multimodal prehabilitation to patients with an ASA score of 2 or more. The prehabilitation interventions include supervised cardiopulmonary exercise, muscle conditioning, dietary/lifestyle advice and exploration of psychosocial needs. Patients will also receive a medication review by a specialist pharmacist. Compliance is to be assessed with a phonecall 2 weeks into the program and 6 weeks post procedure. Viability of the project will be determined by the ability of the organisation to deliver and sustain the program. The data to be collected will include project costs, time spent, patient satisfaction, length of stay, early and later surgical complications and daycase rate. This project will assess feasibility of perioperative optimisation programmes for non-oncology surgical pathways for maximal patient benefit.
Social Motivation: The Impact of Social Status on the Other-Race Effect
Authors: Fan Gaixia , Wang Yuetan , Zhao Shan , Wang Mengyue , Yue Yonglei , Wang Yapeng , Ding Xiaobin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The other-race effect refers to the phenomenon in which the chance of individuals misidentifying faces from other races more than their own race is significantly higher. This study explored the effect of motivation on the other-race effect by manipulating the social status of faces. The results showed that: (1) compared to other-race faces with low social status, when individuals' perceptions of the social status of other-race faces increased, individuals' recognition scores for high social status other-race faces increased, and the other-race effect disappeared, and (2) when individuals' perceptions of the social status of other-race faces decreased, there was no significant difference in individuals' recognition scores of other-race faces, of either high or low social status. These findings suggest that motivation has a significant impact on the other-race effect.
In vitro pollen germination and pollen viability study in brinjal
Authors: Ginoya A.V. , Patel J. B. , Delvadiya I. R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
For hybrid seed production, it is prerequisite to know the floral biology of the crop and pollen biology is an integral part of flower biology of any crop to understand artificial hybridization more efficiently. After pollination, germination of the viable pollen is important for proper fertilization of ovary and to develop optimum fruit and seed set. So, the study aimed to evaluate the in vitro pollen germination and viability of brinjal in ambient as well as cold storage conditions. The pollen germination was tested in vitro, by incubating the pollen grains for 3 hours at 25ᵒ C in different concentrations of sucrose, boron and Agar media [(T1 = 2 % Sucrose + 4 ppm Boron, T2 = 2 % Sucrose + 8 ppm Boron, T3 = 5 % Sucrose + 4 ppm Boron, T4 = 5 % Sucrose + 8 ppm Boron, T5 = 10 % Sucrose + 4 ppm Boron, T6 = 10 % Sucrose + 8 ppm Boron, T7 = 0.5 % Agar + 10 % Sucrose + 100 ppm Boron, T8 = 1 % Agar + 10 % Sucrose + 300 ppm Boron, T9 = 0.5 % Agar + 12 % Sucrose + 100 ppm Boron, T10 = 1 % Agar + 12 % Sucrose + 300 ppm Boron, T11 = Distilled water (Control)]. The viability of the pollen grains was evaluated following acetocarmine staining technique. The best germination of fresh pollen was recorded in treatment of 1 % Agar + 12 % Sucrose + 300 ppm Boron. A close perusal of the results of in vitro pollen germination showed that the lowest germination percentage was recorded in media with different concentration of sucrose and boron, not containing agar, and there is no germination of pollen takes place in distilled water. Significantly the highest in vitro pollen germination and pollen viability percentage was recorded in fresh pollen (95.00%) and as the duration of pollen storage increased in both the storage conditions, the in vitro pollen germination decreased. Of the two storage conditions of pollen, the higher in vitro germination percentage of pollen found in pollen stored in refrigerator compared to ambient storage condition. This study help in identification for culture media used to determine in vitro pollen germination and time period for pollen viability by in vitro pollen germination and pollen viability methods.
Nuclear Expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 A1 in Breast Cancer.
Authors: Flores Mariana López , Franco Emiliano Honrado , Cousido Luis Felipe Sánchez , Carazo Carlos Minguito , Guadarrama Oscar Sanz , González Laura López , Pascual María Eva Vallejo , Torre Antonio José Molina de la , Palomo Andrés García , González Ana López 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: ﻿Cytoplasmatic expression of Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 (ALDH1A1) has been identified as a cancer stem cell marker and related to an unfavorable prognosis. However, nuclear expression of ALDH1A1 has not been described in breast cancer (BC) patients yet. Methods: A retrospective, historical cohort study of patients diagnosed with early or locally advanced triple negative (TN) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) BC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was conducted. Patients who had an available tumor sample from the diagnosis and who underwent surgery after the neoadjuvant treatment were included. Metastatic patients and non-evaluative biopsy sample cases were excluded. Immunostaining against ALDH1A1 was performed. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of nuclear ALDH1A1 in BC and its relation with clinicopathological features and outcomes.Results: 75 patients were analyzed (100% women, mean age 53.6±11.7 years, 42.7% TN, 57.3% HER2+ tumors). 28% had obesity, 32 (42.7%) had a tumor size ≤5 cm and 52 (69.3%) positive lymph nodes. 40 (53.3%) patients had cytoplasmatic ALDH1A1 expression. From them, 18 (24%) also expressed nuclear ALDH1A1 staining and 22 (29.3%) only had cytoplasmatic expression. 57 (76%) patients had negative nuclear ALDH1A1. At the end of the follow-up (54.4 [38.3-87.6] months), 47 patients (62.7%) remained disease free and 20 (26.7%) died. Patients with nuclear ALDH1A1 had higher prevalence of obesity when comparing to exclusively positive cytoplasmatic ALDH1A1 (p = 0.003) and versus those with negative ALDH1A1 expression (p = 0.017); and also, smaller size compared to those without nuclear ALDH1A1 staining (p = 0.044). Furthermore, in patients with positive nuclear ALDH1A1 a tendency to superior disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was observed when compared to positive cytoplasmatic and negative ALDH1A1 tumors, albeit not statistically significant. Conclusions: In this cohort, nuclear positive expression of ALDH1A1 was higher in patients with obesity and smaller tumors. Patients with positive nuclear ALDH1A1 carcinomas appear to have better DFS and OS, although this was not statistically significant. Further research studies are needed to understand the functions of this enzyme and its possible role as a predictive and prognostic marker in BC.
Determination of PCDD/F and DL-PCB pollution levels, source appointment and risk assessment of surface sediments in dam lakes in Istanbul, TURKEY
Authors: CANLI Oltan , GÜZEL Barış , KARADEMIR Aykan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The current situation of the water resources of Istanbul, which is one of the important metropolises of Europe, should be known and constantly monitored by the reasons of the rapid increase in the city population, the acceleration of production-related industrial activities, the expansion of the city with construction activities and the decrease in precipitation. The purpose of this study was to reveal the situations of surface sediments collected from Istanbul water reservoirs in terms of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs, to identify possible sources, and to conduct their ecological risk assessment. Total PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs concentrations varied between 28.13-447.13 pg/g (average 136.75 pg/g) and 12.19-340.05 pg/g (average 72.09 pg/g). Corresponding TEQ values of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs were between 0.53-5.37 pg TEQ/g (average 2.23 pg TEQ/g) and 0.02-0.44 pg TEQ/g (average 0.12 pg TEQ/g), respectively. OCDD is the dominant congener by constituting about 75% of the total PCDD/Fs on average, while congener distributions of DL-PCBs showed the dominance of PCB-118 and PCB-105. The sediments taken from Kazandere dam have the lowest pollution levels for both PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs. The highest PCDD/F and DL-PCB amounts were measured in sediments of Alibey and Elmalı dams (closest to highly populated settlements of Istanbul), which are most affected by the air pollution caused by the traffic and combustion for residential heating. Almost all the sediments have total dioxin-like toxicity levels higher than the safe threshold level (with two exceptions) of 0.85 pg TEQ/g dw, proposed for ecological risk. Health risk assessment shows that levels of dioxin-like compounds would result in a total intake of 0.33 pg TEQ/kg bw/day even in the worst-case scenario, not exceeding the tolerable daily intake value of 1 pg TEQ/kg bw/day. Among exposure pathways, consumption of fish constitutes almost all the total intake, while contributions of other pathways are minimal.
Evaluating the Potential of Third Generation Metagenomic Sequencing for the Detection of BRD Pathogens and Genetic Determinants of Resistance in Chronically ill Feedlot Cattle
Authors: Freeman Claire N. , Herman Emily K. , Younes Jennifer Abi , Ramsay Dana E. , Erikson Nathan , Stothard Paul , Waldner Cheryl , Links Matthew G. , Otto Simon J. G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background.
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality and is responsible for most of the injectable antimicrobial use in the feedlot industry. Traditional bacterial culture can be used to diagnose BRD by confirming the presence of causative pathogens and to support antimicrobial selection. However, given that bacterial culture takes up to a week and early intervention is critical for treatment success, culture has limited utility for informing rapid therapeutic decision-making. In contrast, metagenomic sequencing has the potential to quickly resolve all nucleic acid in a sample, including pathogen biomarkers and antimicrobial resistance genes. In particular, third-generation Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencing platforms provide long reads and access to raw sequencing data in real-time as it is produced, thereby reducing the time from sample collection to diagnostic answer. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of nanopore metagenomic sequencing to traditional culture and sensitivity methods as applied to nasopharyngeal samples from segregated groups of chronically ill feedlot cattle, previously treated with antimicrobials for nonresponsive pneumonia or lameness.
Results.
BRD pathogens were isolated from most samples and a variety of different resistance profiles were observed across isolates. The sequencing data indicated the samples were dominated by Moraxella bovoculi, Mannheimia haemolytica, Mycoplasma dispar, and Pasteurella multocida, and included a wide range of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), encoding resistance for up to seven classes of antimicrobials. Genes conferring resistance to beta-lactams were the most commonly detected, while the tetH gene was detected in the most samples overall. Metagenomic sequencing detected the BRD pathogens of interest more often than did culture, but there was limited concordance between phenotypic resistance to antimicrobials and the presence of relevant ARGs.
Conclusions.
Metagenomic sequencing can reduce the time from sampling to results, detect pathogens missed by bacterial culture, and identify genetically encoded determinants of resistance. Increasing sequencing coverage of target organisms will be an essential component of improving the reliability of this technology, such that it can be better used for the surveillance of pathogens of interest, genetic determinants of resistance, and to inform diagnostic decisions.
Renoprotective Effects of the Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in Diabetic Kidney Disease, Current Knowledge and Future Direction: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies
Authors: Veisi Parisa , Zarezade Meysam , Rostamkhani Helya , Ghoreishi Zohreh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purposeapproximately 40% of diabetic patients suffer from diabetic kidney disease, and it is the main cause of CKD in the world. Therefore, the prevention of renal complications is of importance in diabetic patients. Ginger (zingiber officinale Rosco) is popular spice and natral medicine. The presence of a systematic review focused on the existing evidence of the renoprotective effect of the ginger extract in Diabetic kidney disease. MethodsThe literature search was performed in online database such as PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, ProQuest databases, and google scholar inception up to november 2021. FindingsThe review selected 41 articles that met eligibility criteria. Ginger supplementation was found to be associated with a significant decrease in blood glucose 28 studies. nine studies showed a significant reduction in MDA after supplementation. Also, sixteen studies showed a decreasing effect on creatinine. fifteen studies reported a decrease in total cholesterol (TC) and fourteen studies report decrease in triglycerides (TG). In twenty-six studies, ginger reduced renal injuries from diabetes. ImplicationsGinger could improve blood sugar indices, lipid profile, some inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and pathologic injuries in diabetic kidney disease. However, future high-quality clinical trials and meta-analyses are required for a solid consensus.
Massive Drift of Pumice Stones Might Trigger Coastal Ecological Transitions
Authors: Ohno Yoshikazu , Iguchi Akira , Ijima Mariko , Yasumoto Ko , Suzuki Atsushi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An intensive underwater volcanic eruption occurred in the Ogasawara Islands on 13–15 August 2021, bringing unprecedented amounts of pumice to the coast of Okinawa Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago, 1,300 km west of the eruption site, approximately 2 months later. The coast of Okinawa Island, especially along the northern part, is home to many typical subtropical seascapes, including coral reefs and mangrove forests, so the possible impact of the large amount of pumice is attracting attention. Here, we report early evidence of ecosystem changes that may be the result of large-scale pumice shoaling on coastal beaches, estuaries, coral reefs, and mangrove forests. Massive pumice drift is a major obstacle to fishing activities and ship traffic, but possible future long-term changes in coastal ecosystems should also be noted. The phenomena observed on Okinawa Island are expected to occur not only in the Ryukyu Islands but also along the coasts of Kyushu, Shikoku, Honshu Islands, where pumice is expected to drift later.
Use Of Natural Deep Eutectic Systems As New Cryoprotectant Agents In The Vitrification Of Mammalian Cells
Authors: Jesus Ana Rita , Duarte Ana Rita C. , Paiva Alexandre 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work we present the potential of Natural Deep Eutectic Systems (NADES) as new vitrification media for the cryopreservation of mammalian cells. Several NADES composed of natural metabolites were prepared and tested as CPAs in two cell lines, L929 and HacaT cells. After the harvesting, cells were mixed with the eutectic systems, and frozen directly into liquid nitrogen to achieve a vitreous state. Then, the cells were thawed and it was observed that NADES were able to exert a significant cryoprotective effect in L929 cells, when compared with DMSO or in the absence of a CPA. For HacaT cells, only a eutectic system showed a slightly improvement in cell survival, while DMSO caused complete cell death. Moreover, the thermal behaviour of the best systems was studied for further understanding the protective properties of NADES as CPAs, and have shown a significant difference in terms of Tm and Tc when compared with DMSO and water. Additionally, the results obtained showed that NADES can be maintained in the growth media after the thawing step, without compromising cell viability. In summary, we have shown the great potential of NADES to be used as CPAs for the cryopreservation of different cell types, using the vitrification method.
An immune-related microRNA signature prognostic model for pancreatic carcinoma and association with immune microenvironment
Authors: Shen Qian , Li JunChen , Pan Xue , Zhang ChuanLong , Jiang XiaoChen , Li Yi , Chen Yan , Pang Bo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
To establish a prognostic model based on immune-related microRNA (miRNA) for pancreatic carcinoma.
Methods
Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed using the "WGCNA" package to find the key module genes involved in pancreatic carcinoma. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to screen immune-related miRNAs. Uni- and multi-variate COX regression analyses were carried out to identify miRNAs prognostic for overall survival (OS) of pancreatic carcinoma, which were then combined to generate a prognostic model. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, distribution plot of survival status in patients and regression analysis were collectively performed to study the accuracy of the model in prognosis. Target genes of the miRNAs in the model were intersected with the key module genes, and a miRNA-mRNA network was generated and visualized by Cytoscape3.8.0. TIMER analysis was conducted to study the abundance of immune infiltrates in tumor microenvironment of pancreatic carcinoma. Expression levels of immune checkpoint genes in subgroups stratified by the model were compared by Wilcoxon test. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to analyze the enriched signaling pathways between subgroups.
Results
Differential analysis revealed 1,826 genes differentially up-regulated in pancreatic carcinoma and 1,276 genes differentially down-regulated. A total of 700 immune-related miRNAs were obtained, of which 7 miRNAs were significantly associated with OS of patients and used to establish a prognostic model with accurate predictive performance. There were 99 mRNAs overlapped from the 318 target genes of the 7 miRNAs and the key modules genes analyzed by WGCNA. Patient samples were categorized as high or low risk according to the prognostic model, which were significantly associated with dendritic cell infiltration and expression of immune checkpoint genes (TNFSF9, TNFRSF9, KIR3DL1, HAVCR2, CD276 and CD80). GSEA showed remarkably enriched signaling pathways in the two subgroups.
Conclusion
This study identified an immune-related 7-miRNA based prognostic model for pancreatic carcinoma, which could be used as a reliable tool for prognosis.
Analysis of the expression of mTOR in tissues of females of specie Mesocricetus auratus infected by Zika virus
Authors: Pereira Luan Filipe de Souza , de Oliveira Edivaldo Herculano Correa , de Melo Karla Fabiane Lopes , de Luna Francisco Canindé Ferreira , Franco Edna Cristina Santos , Vasconcelos Pedro Fernando da Costa , Casseb Samir Mansour Moraes 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Arboviruses are recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a major public health problem, due to their growing territorial spread and the great need for preventive and control actions, which are increasingly complex. Among the arboviruses that present the greatest circulation is the Zika virus (ZIKV). Thus, this work aims to evaluate the expression of mTOR in tissues of females of the species Mesocricetus auratus infected with the Zika virus . The samples used in this study come from a larger project entitled “Experimental Zika virus infection in golden hamsters ( Mesocricetus auratus )” from the sexually transmitted group, previously approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Use (CEUA) of Evandro Chagas Institute with registration number 24/2016. The samples are a total of 63 samples, divided between ZIKV-infected and non-infected animals. This study showed how Zika virus may be related to mTOR 1 and mTOR 2 expressions. The comparative results to viral load emphasize the correlation between the virus and mTOR. Such correlation is of importance to ZIKV, for protein regulation pathways and virus interference on those pathways may turn out to be a factor related to its pathogenic mechanism.
Structural dynamics of DNA strand break sensing by PARP-1 at a single-molecule level
Authors: Sefer Anna , Kallis Eleni , Eilert Tobias , Röcker Carlheinz , Neuhaus David , Eustermann Sebastian , Michaelis Jens 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Single stranded breaks (SSBs) are the most frequent DNA lesions threatening genomic integrity. A highly kinked DNA structure in complex with human PARP-1 led to the proposal that SSB sensing in Eukaryotes relies on dynamics of both the broken DNA double helix and PARP-1’s multi-domain organization. Here, we directly probe this fundamental yet poorly understood process at the single-molecule level. Quantitative SM-FRET and structural ensemble calculations reveal how PARP-1 binding converts DNA SSBs from a largely unperturbed conformation into the highly kinked state. Binding of the second N-terminal zinc finger yields an intermediate DNA conformation that can be recognized by the first zinc finger. Thus, the data is inconsistent with a conformational selection model, instead an induced fit mechanism via a multi-domain assembly cascade drives SSBs sensing. Interestingly, a clinically used PARP-1 inhibitor Niraparib shifts the equilibrium towards the unkinked state, whereas the inhibitor EB47 stabilizes the kinked state.
Relationship Between Exercise Intensity and IL-6 Increase During a Long-distance Running Race
Authors: Jouffroy Romain , Anglicheau Dany , Mansencal Nicolas , Toussaint Jean François , Antero Juliana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesIL-6 plasma concentration (IL-6PC) reflects the systemic inflammation related to the exercise intensity level. This study aims to describe IL-6PC kinetic during a long-distance running. MethodsIL-6PC was measured in 20 male runners before (0 km), at each refreshment points (at 21 and 53 km i.e., k21 & k53) and at the end of an 80-km long-distance running (k80). IL-6PC variations (absolute and relative values in each of the 3 sections (S)) were calculated over S1 [0-k21], S2 [k21-k53] and S3 [k53-k80] and compared with the exercise intensity (duration*speed race), within each section.ResultsThe average race speed decreases progressively: 9.9 ± 0.8 in S1, 7.0 ± 0.8 in S2 and 6.1 ± 0.8 km.h-1 in S3. Mean IL-6PC increased during the running: 2.1 ± 0.6 ng.l-1 at 0 km, 21.0 ± 11.3 ng.l-1 at k21, 38.9 ± 13.0 ng.l-1 at k53 and 49.8 ± 11.9 ng.l-1 at k80. Exercise intensity increase between S1 (24.2 ± 0.5) - S2 (51.9 ± 3.2) (p=0.04) but not between S2 and S3 (67.4 ± 4.5) (p=0.69). A association was retrieved between exercise intensity and IL-6PC at the end of each section: S1 (p=0.03), S2 (p=0.04) and S3 (p<10-3). IL-6PC variation was associated with exercise intensity within S1 (p=0.03) and S2 (p=2.10-3) and showed a least a trend within S3 (p=0.06).ConclusionIL-6PC increase occurs during the early stage of a long-distance running, is associated with the running intensity and remains stable after intensity reduction related to speed running decrease.