bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV post-exposure prophylaxis: In-take, completion rates and reasons for non-completion among health care workers at a regional referral hospital
Authors: Muzoora Dan Musiime , Atwine Daniel , Nyanzi Daniel J. , Yadesa Tadele Mekuriya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Worldwide, 19.2% of healthcare workers (HCWs) get occupationally exposed to Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) annually, resulting in approximately 1,000 new HIV infections but the use of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is largely undocumented. We aimed at assessing the prevalence of ever taking PEP, completion rates and the self-reported reasons for non-completion among HCWs.Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we randomly selected and enrolled 206 HCWs from records of HCWs at a large Regional Referral Hospital between March and October 2020, which included medical staff, cleaners and medical students. Participants’ socio-demographic, medical, PEP initiation and completion information was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Comparison of “ever taking PEP” and completing PEP across gender, health cadre, age, religion and marital status categories of the HCWs was done using Pearson’s chi square test in STATA 15.0 software.Results: Majority of HCWs were aged above 35years (41.8%), female (54.4%) and qualified medical workers (64.6). Overall, 37.4% (95% CI: 30.9 - 44.2) reported to have ever taken PEP, of whom 72.7% (95% CI: 61.5 - 81.7) completed their mandatory 28days of treatment. Reasons for PEP non-completion were: drug side effects (81%), the source patient testing HIV negative (14.3%) and not finding reason to complete the treatment (4.7%).Conclusion: The prevalence of ever taking PEP is high, indicating a high rate of HCW occupational exposure to HIV. About a third of HCWs, majorly females, married and above 35-year-old do not complete PEP treatment, with the major reason being drug-related side effects. To avoid potential HIV sero-conversion, counselling on adverse events and sensitization of HCWs on good occupational safety and infection control measures, and dangers of PEP non-completion should be emphasized.
Exploring the limits of the Jenkinson-Collison classification scheme for atmospheric circulation: A global assessment based on various reanalyses
Authors: Fernández-Granja Juan Antonio , Brands Swen , Bedia Joaquín , Casanueva Ana , Fernández Jesús 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Jenkinson-Collison weather typing scheme (JC-WT) is an automated method used to classify the regional atmospheric circulation into a reduced number of typical recurrent patterns, identified in the early 1970ies on the basis of expert knowledge. Originally developed for the British Isles, the method since then has seen many applications. Encouraged by the estimate that the JC-WT approach can in principle be applied to any mid-to-high latitude region(Jones et al, 2013), the present study explores whether it can be used anywhere in the extratropics, including the Southern Hemisphere. To this aim, JC-WT is applied at each grid-box of a global 2.5° regular grid excluding the inner tropics ( ± 5° band) where the method cannot be applied. Thereby, 6-hourly JC-WT catalogues are obtained for 5 distinct reanalyses, covering the period 1979-2005, which are then applied to explore 1) the method's limits of applicability and 2) observational uncertainties inherent to reanalysis datasets. Using evaluation criteria such as the diversity of occurring circulation types and the frequency of unclassified situations, we extract empirically derived applicability thresholds which suggest that JC-WT can be generally used anywhere polewards of 22.5°. Seasonal variations compromise this finding along the equatorward limits of the domain, and so does the effect of large orographic barriers such as the Tibetan Plateau, the Andes, Greenland and Antarctica. In some regions, the JC-WT classifications obtained from the distinct reanalyses substantially differ from each other and this should be taken into account by further applications of the method.
A Psychosocial And Lifestyle Assessment For Childhood Obesity: A Scoping Literature Review And Focus Groups With Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Koetsier MSc Leandra Wilona , Eynde MSc Emma van den , Mil Prof. dr. E.G.A.H. van , de Vries MSc Ralph , Baan Prof. dr. Caroline A. , Seidell Prof. dr. ir. Jaap C. , Halberstadt Jutka , Velde MSc Marianne van der 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of multiple factors. The effective management of childhood obesity requires assessing the psychosocial and lifestyle factors that may play a role in the development and maintenance of obesity. The aim of this study was to add knowledge for further development of a psychosocial and lifestyle assessment for childhood obesity. Methods: Two methods were used. First, a scoping review (in PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, IBSS, Scopus and Web of Science) was performed by systematically searching for scientific literature on psychosocial and lifestyle assessments for childhood obesity. Data were analysed by extracting data in Microsoft Excel. Second, focus group discussions were held with healthcare professionals from a variety of disciplines and domains to explore their experiences and views about assessing psychosocial and lifestyle factors within the Dutch integrated care approach. Data were analysed using template analyses, complemented with open coding in MAXQDA.Results: The results provide an overview of relevant psychosocial and lifestyle factors that should be assessed and were classified as child, family, parental and lifestyle (e.g. nutrition, physical activity and sleep factors) and structured into psychological and social aspects. Insights into how to assess psychosocial and lifestyle factors were identified as well, including talking about psychosocial factors, lifestyle and weight; the professional-patient relationship; and attitudes of healthcare professionals. Conclusions: This study provides an overview of psychosocial and lifestyle factors that should be identified within the context of childhood obesity care, as they may contribute to the development and maintenance of obesity. The results highlight the importance of both what is assessed and how it is assessed. The results of this study can be used to develop practical tools for facilitating healthcare professionals in conducting a psychosocial and lifestyle assessment.
Quantitative T2 mapping monitoring the maturation of engineered elastic cartilage in a rabbit model
Authors: Yang Guojun , Li Xue , Zhang Weiwei , Wu Nier , Chen Haifeng , Liu Xia , Jiang Haiyue 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Cartilage tissue engineering provides a promising approach to reconstruct craniofacial defects, and a noninvasive method is needed to assess its effectiveness. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to evaluate articular cartilage in vivo, few studies focused on its feasibility in monitoring engineered elastic cartilage (EC). Methods: Auricular cartilage, silk fibroin (SF) scaffold, and EC consisting of rabbit auricular chondrocytes and SF scaffold were transplanted subcutaneously into the rabbit back. In eight weeks after transplantation, grafts were imaged by MRI using PROSET, PDW VISTA SPAIR, 3D T2 VISTA, 2D MIXED T2 Multislice, and SAG TE multiecho sequences, followed by histological examination and biochemical analysis. Statistical analyses were performed to identify the association between T2 values and biochemical indicator values of EC. Results: In vivo imaging shows that 2D MIXED T2 Multislice sequence (T2 mapping) clearly distinguished the native cartilage, engineered cartilage and fibrous tissue. T2 values showed high correlations with cartilage-specific biochemical parameters at different time points, especially the elastic cartilage specific protein elastin (ELN, r= -0.939, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Quantitative T2 mapping can effectively detect the in vivo maturity of engineered elastic cartilage after subcutaneously transplantation. This study would promote the clinical application of MRI T2 mapping in monitoring engineered elastic cartilage in the repair of craniofacial defects.
Nurses Practices' Errors Regarding Medication Administration in different Critical Care Units at a Teaching Hospital in Upper Egypt.: An Observational study
Authors: khalil nahla , Abd-baky marwa , Taha nasser , Fathy Al shimaa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Medication administration errors are a constant occurrence on the unit, and patient safety must be a focus. The current study aimed to is to assess critical care nurses Practices' errors regarding medication administration in different critical care settings.Methods: A convenient sample consisted of 60 nurses was obtained from different critical care units at a Teaching Hospital in Upper Egypt utilizing a descriptive exploratory design. The selected critical care units were; medical Intensive care, neurosurgical care, coronary care, chest care and finally stroke unit. Demographic data of the studied nurses and medication administration checklist were utilized to assess nurses' practice concerning medication administration errors. Results: The observational checklist of nurses' practices in preparation and administration of medications were unsatisfactory. Moreover, the current findings revealed a positive correlation between total practice and age as well as nurses' years of experience. On the other hand, negative correlation was found between nurses practice and nurse- patients ratio.Conclusions: Critical care nurses' practice was unsatisfactory in preparation and during administration of medications in different critical care units regardless of their demographic qualifications. Continuing nursing education about types of errors that occur in the use of high alert medications and double check of administered medication
FUNDC1 Mediated Mitophagy in Epileptic Hippocampal Neuronal Injury Induced by Magnesium-free Fluid
Authors: Zhang Yinna , Lian Yajun , Lian Xiaolei , Feng Rui , Sheng Hanqing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mitophagy plays a key role in epileptic neuronal injury, and recent studies have shown that FUNDC1 plays an important role in regulating mitophagy. However, the specific effect of FUNDC1 on neuronal damage in epilepsy is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of FUNDC1 in mitophagy and neuronal apoptosis using a hippocampal neuronal culture model of acquired epilepsy (AE) in vitro. We found that mitophagy levels were significantly increased in this model, as indicated by elevated LC3A/B ratios. FUNDC1 overexpression using lentiviral vectors enhanced mitophagy, whereas FUNDC1 down-regulation using lentiviral vectors impaired this process. Overexpression of FUNDC1 significantly decreased AE-induced ROS, enhanced cell viability, reduced oxidative stress, and reduced neuronal apoptosis in epileptic hippocampus, while FUNDC1 down-regulation caused the opposite effect. In conclusion, we demonstrated that FUNDC1 is an important modulator of AE-induced neuronal apoptosis by controlling mitophagy function.
Bispiral approach for calculation of powder spectra of electron paramagnetic and nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Grachev Valentin G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Simulation of powder spectra uses a summation of spectra calculated for N reference directions of external magnetic field. Usually, the directions are regularly or randomly distributed points on a sphere. Due to an excessive number of points with the same polar angle 𝜃 but with different azimuthal angles 𝜑, axial distributions produce jugged spectra, especially for spin systems with weak azimuthal anisotropy. To improve quality of obtained spectra, a triangulation and subsequent interpolation of resonance fields/frequencies for hundred additional directions between triangle vertices or average over a range of magnetic fields/frequencies (tent) are applied. Single spiral method with graduate steps on both 𝜃 and 𝜑 angles works better for systems with weak azimuthal anisotropy, but allows only few interpolation points along the spiral. Proposed bispiral approach combines best features of both spiral and triangular approaches: exact calculation for 𝑁 reference spiral directions, joining neighbor points of two spirals into a triangular net, and interpolation over hundred directions or the tent average. For systems with C1 symmetry the angular space between primary and complementary spirals is exactly equal to the phase space of magnetic fields (hemisphere). For systems with higher symmetry, the angular space can be significantly reduced by a choice of the 𝜑-shift for the second spiral, on a par with the space reduction for axial distributions. The bispiral approach with interpolation over triangles offers manyfold reduction of the calculation time for large spin or multi-spin systems with high ranks of spin-Hamiltonians in comparison with the single spiral grid.
The Splicing Factor 1–FLOWERING LOCUS M Module Spatially Regulates Temperature-Dependent Flowering by Modulating FLOWERING LOCUS T and LEAFY Expression
Authors: Lee Keh Chien , Lee Hee Tae , Jeong Hwa Hyun , Park Jae-Hyeok , Kim Young-Cheon , Lee Jeong Hwan , Kim Jeong-Kook 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Alternative splicing mediated by various splicing factors is important for the regulation of plant growth and development. Our recent reports have shown that a temperature-dependent interaction between Arabidopsis thaliana splicing factor 1 (AtSF1) and FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM) pre-mRNA introns controls the differential production of FLM-β transcripts at different temperatures, eventually resulting in temperature-responsive flowering. However, the molecular and genetic interactions between the AtSF1-FLM module and floral activator genes remain unknown. Here, we aimed to identify the interactions among AtSF1, FLM, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), and LEAFY (LFY) by performing molecular and genetic analyses. FT and TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF) expression in atsf1-2 mutants significantly increased in the morning and middle of the night at 16 and 23 °C, respectively, under long-day conditions. In addition, ft mutation suppressed the early flowering of atsf1-2 and atsf1-2 flm-3 mutants and masked the temperature response of atsf1-2 flm-3 mutants, suggesting that FT is a downstream target gene of the AtSF1-FLM module. LFY expression significantly increased in the diurnal samples of atsf1-2 mutants and in the shoot apex regions of atsf1-2 ft-10 mutants at different temperatures. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay revealed that FLM directly binds to the genomic regions of LFY but not of APETALA1 (AP1). Moreover, lfy mutation suppressed the early flowering of flm-3 mutants, suggesting that LFY is another target of the AtSF1-FLM module. Our results reveal that the AtSF1-FLM module spatially modulates temperature-dependent flowering by regulating FT and LFY expressions.
Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Renal Function and Its Signaling Pathway in an in Vivo and in Vitro Model of Sepsis
Authors: Guo Jun , Yuan Zhenhui , Wang Rong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: To dissect the mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine Ginsenoside Rg1 against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SAKI), we chose to investigate its contribution to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Methods: A SAKI animal model was used and urinary and serum samples were collected. Production of cytokines and biomarkers such as NGAL, KIM-1, IL-18 and IL-6 were examined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Proteins such as Gpx4, Ara70, and P53 levels were detected by western blot analysis. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also detected with specific dyes. Results: We have established a cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) model to simulate SAKI in rats and showed that Rg1 treatment of this model could greatly mitigate the biomarkers of SAKI and progression of symptoms in vivo. In addition, we have shown that Rg1 treatment could reduce ROS level and ferroptosis to mitigate cell death in SAKI-derived cells and efficiently function as a protective agent against oxidation and ferroptosis. Finally, we demonstrated that Rg1 has the potential to be a potent cell death inhibitor as effective as Fer-1.Conclusion: Altogether, we have identified a promising cell death inhibitor in SAKI that could exhibit potent activity as effective as Fer-1.
Design method of using shape memory alloy braces for mitigating residual displacements of BRBFs
Authors: qiu canxing , Du Xiuli 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Owing to excellent energy-dissipating capability, buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs) are popular seismically resisting systems which can well meet the collapse prevention target under strong earthquakes. However, one major concern of BRBFs is the excessive residual displacements after earthquakes, which delays the post-event recovery process. To reduce the residual displacements within tolerant range, this study proposes supplementing SMA braces (SMABs) to address this issue. A design method toward increasing the post-yield stiffness of the global system is developed for this solution. The general trend is first observed through conducting nonlinear time-history analysis (NLTHA) on single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems, based on the comparisons made between the original and retrofitted SDOF systems. And then NLTHA is carried out on two benchmark low-to-medium rise BRBFs. The performance indexes of interest include the maximum demand of drifts and accelerations, and the residual drift. Both the SDOF analysis and seismic performance evaluation on multi-story frames show that the designed SMABs could well reduce the residual displacements for the BRBFs, and meanwhile they nearly do not amplify the maximum accelerations. Finally, the efficacy of the design method is further confirmed by parametric analyses, in which the SMABs were sized based on different design parameters and changed hysteretic parameters of the SMAs and the designed frames were subjected to ground motions corresponding to several intensity levels.
Refractive Error Characteristics and Influence on Ocular Parameters in Patients with Unilateral Congenital Ptosis
Authors: Liu Yingli , Chen Tingting , Huang Jingwen , Li Wentao , Chen Yilin , Huo Lijun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe study aimed to investigate the difference of refractive status and ocular parameters between ptotic and fellow eyes in patients with unilateral congenital ptosis.Methods25 patients (52% males, age 22.04±10.96) with unilateral congenital ptosis diagnosed and treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-yet Sen University were enrolled and underwent detailed refractive examination from March 2019 to November 2021. Ocular biometric measurements were performed by IOL Master 700 biometer. The difference of refractive error characteristics, best-corrected acuity (BCVA), as well as ocular parameters including axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), aqueous depth (AQD), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and keratometry values between ptotic and fellow eyes were analyzed.ResultsLower BCVA (p=0.01) and higher incidence of amblyopia (p=0.018) were observed in ptotic eyes. Among patients with amblyopia, the presence (p=0.038) and magnitude (p=0.044) of astigmatism were higher in ptotic eyes. The CCT of ptotic eyes was thicker than that of fellow eyes (p＜0.001). The keratometry values at the flat axis (K1), and mean corneal power (Km) were smaller (both p＜0.001). There was no statistical difference of AL between ptotic and fellow eyes.ConclusionsCongenital ptosis influenced ocular parameters, mainly causing a thicker and flatter cornea. Patients with unilateral congenital ptosis might have lower BCVA in ptotic eyes, while higher amblyogenic astigmatism was observed.
Feasibility research of enhanced recovery after surgery implemented in esophageal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Tang Zhanpeng , Zhu Xirui , Li Yanzhi , Qu Chenghao , Li Lin , Li Shuhai , Qi Lei , Lu Ming , Cheng Chuanle , Tian Hui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a perioperative management protocol to accelerate patient recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of ERAS protocols implemented in patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) before minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy. Methods: This retrospective study compared the short-term clinical outcomes in esophagectomy patients from June 2018 to June 2021. Subjects were divided into two categories: those who underwent NACT (NACT group) and the non-NACT group. Results: There was no significant difference in total postoperative complication morbidity between the NACT and non-NACT groups (21.2% vs. 20.7%, P=0.936). In addition, the hospital length of stay post-surgery (7.90 vs. 7.71 days, P=0.424) was not significantly longer when compared to the non-NACT group. The time to chest tube removal (5.37 vs. 5.13 days, P=0.238) and first bowel movement (2.92 vs. 3.01 days, P=0.560) was also similar between the two groups. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in postoperative complications rate, postoperative hospital length of stay, and readmission rate between the two group. This study proved that ERAS protocols were safe and feasible for patients who received NACT before esophagectomy.
“From rest to depressed”: reduced subgenual cingulate–dorsolateral prefrontal connectivity as an electrophysiological marker for depression
Authors: BENSCHOP Lars , VANHOLLEBEKE Gert , LI Jian , LEAHY Richard M. , VANDERHASSELT Marie-Anne , BAEKEN Chris 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a widespread mental illness that causes considerable suffering, and neuroimaging studies are trying to reduce this burden by developing biomarkers that can facilitate detection. Prior fMRI- and neurostimulation studies suggest that aberrant subgenual Anterior Cingulate (sgACC) – dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) functional connectivity is consistently present within MDD. Combining the need for reliable depression markers with the electroencephalogram’s (EEG) high clinical utility, we investigated whether aberrant EEG sgACC–DLPFC functional connectivity could serve as a marker for depression. Source-space Amplitude Envelope Correlations (AEC) of 20 MDD patients and 20 matched controls were contrasted using non-parametric permutation tests. In addition, extracted AEC values were used to a) correlate with characteristics of depression and b) train a Support Vector Machine (SVM) to determine sgACC–DLPFC connectivity’s discriminative power. FDR-thresholded statistical maps showed reduced sgACC–DLPFC AEC connectivity in MDD patients relative to controls. This diminished AEC connectivity is located in the beta-1 (13–17Hz) band and is associated with patients’ lifetime number of depressive episodes. Using extracted sgACC–DLPFC AEC values, the SVM achieved a classification accuracy of 84.6% (80% sensitivity and 89.5% specificity) indicating that EEG sgACC–DLPFC connectivity has promise as a biomarker for MDD.