bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative risk factors for delirium after major amputation: establishment of a nomogram
Authors: Chen Yanzhen , Ma Jinxing , Zeng Junfeng , Pan Zhimin , Nie Tao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium in patients with major limb amputation and to establish a nomogram prediction model.Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study. Patients who underwent major limb amputation (limb amputation above ankle or wrist) in a medical center from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected as subjects. The patients were assessed for delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). Patient demographic and clinically relevant data were collected, and independent risk factors were screened using univariate analysis and logistic multivariate regression analysis. Nomograms were constructed using independent risk factors. The validation of the nomogram was assessed by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and calibration curves.Results: A total of 120 patients with major amputation were included, and 46 patients developed postoperative delirium, with an incidence of 38.3%. Results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age, Barthel classification, admission to ICU (intensive care unit) after surgery, and postoperative albumin level were independent risk factors for the occurrence of postoperative delirium. The area under the receiver operator characteristics curve for the constructed model was 0.918(95%CI,0.869-0.967), and the regression model results were reliable. Conclusion: The incidence of postoperative delirium is high in patients with major amputation, and the incidence of delirium is high in amputation patients with higher age, low Barthel index, postoperative admission to ICU, and low postoperative albumin. The nomogram model constructed based on these risk factors can better predict the occurrence of postoperative delirium after amputation and provide reference for early intervention treatment.
Climate Change Induced Morphological Response Assessment in Estuary: Case Study of Arakawa River Mouth, Niigata, Japan
Authors: Ohizumi Kota , Nakamura Ryota , Ishibashi Kunihiko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Morphological responses in estuaries are assumed to change in the future in association with changes in tidal levels, waves, and discharges under climate change. This study proposes a numerical modelling system for morphological changes in local estuaries to simulate hindcast and future scenarios considering futuristic tidal levels, waves, and discharges. The numerical modelling system configuration was based on three models: Weather Research and Forecasting model Hydrological modelling system (WRF-Hydro), Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN), and eXtreme beach behavior (XBeach). SSP5-8.5 and RCP8.5 were selected for constructing global warming environmental fields using the pseudo global warming (PGW) methodology. We conducted a numerical simulation of the morphological changes at the mouth of the Arakawa River during flood season. The hindcast simulation quantitatively reproduced the post-flood event sandbar topography by using boundary conditions of the simulated wave and observed discharge rate. Additionally, sea level rise, decrease in significant wave heights and mean wave periods, and increase in discharges were simulated for future simulations of the Arakawa River under climate change. The results considering future scenarios elucidated that characteristics of morphological responses changed compared with that of the present climate. Particularly, climate change enhanced the erosion effects since overflow due to rise in water level was more likely to occur at the river mouth sandbars. Hence, we suggest that the morphological response of estuaries to complex physical fields is sensitive to external force changes under climate change conditions.
Pembrolizumab as a first line therapy in a patient with extensive Mucoepidermoid salivary gland carcinoma. A complete clinical, radiological and pathological response. A very specific case
Authors: Farhat Raed , Asna Noam , Avraham Yaniv , Khater Ashraf , Asakla Majd , Safia Alaa , Elkhatib Nidal , Merchavy Shlomo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with advanced salivary gland malignancies (SGCs) have few therapy options. Although results from newly published trials suggest that checkpoint inhibition may be useful in a subgroup of patients, there are no clear criteria for PD-L1 score in SGCs. Chemotherapy benefits were observed to be limited, with a dismal prognosis in unresectable and high-grade SGC.Immunotherapies have demonstrated extraordinary efficacy in a variety of cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer and malignant melanoma. Anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab has been shown to have potent anti-tumor action in a number of clinical trials.Case presentation: We report a unique case of advanced high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid salivary gland after Pembrolizumab treatment as a first line therapy. The tumor was downstaged as a result of the pembrolizumab treatment, allowing for a successful surgical excision with no facial nerve sacrifice and no major neoadjuvant treatment adverse effects, and the final specimen pathology was tumor-free. In these types of malignancies, a similar technique resulted in a complete response (CR) radiologically and pathologically has never been discussed before.Conclusions: In pretreated patients with high-grade salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma, pembrolizumab showed good anticancer activity and provided a clinically, radiologically, and pathological response with a viable treatment choice. More research is needed to bring Pembrolizumab to the front-line of treatment. The time and duration of medication should be compared to the time required for surgery in these investigations.
Perinatal Care for Women with Refugee Backgrounds from Africa: A Qualitative Study of Intersections with Psychological Wellbeing
Authors: Due Clemence , Walsh Moira , Aldam Isadora , Winter Amelia , Cooper Susan , Sheriff Josephine , Ziersch Anna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Experiences with healthcare services, including perinatal healthcare services, contribute to psychological wellbeing for refugees post-resettlement. To address the paucity of literature examining the relationship between perinatal healthcare and psychological wellbeing in women with refugee backgrounds from Africa this study aimed to: (1) understand the relationship between psychological wellbeing and perinatal care amongst this population, and; (2) identify areas for improved perinatal healthcare services to ensure positive wellbeing outcomes in this population. Methods: A total of 39 participants were included in the study. Nineteen women from seven African countries participated in interviews – seven both prior to and after having their babies, two only while pregnant and ten only after their baby had been born. In addition, interviews were conducted with 20 service providers. Interviews were thematically analysed. Results: Four key themes were identified, covering continuity of care, cultural sensitivity of care, agency in decision making, and ongoing impacts of perinatal care experiences. Conclusions: The results highlighted the need for changes to perinatal healthcare provision at the systems level, including implementing a continuity of care model, and ensuring women’s access to individualised, trauma-informed perinatal services which attend to the cultural and psychosocial resettlement needs of this population. These findings informed recommendations for improving perinatal healthcare services and better psychological outcomes – and in turn broader health outcomes – for African mothers with refugee backgrounds.
The COVID-19 Omicron wave in the framework of a new mathematical modeling in few European countriesand the right time for lifting restrictions
Authors: Petkov Pavel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 Omicron wave in Romania, Bulgaria and Germany is considered within a new approach for modeling Epidemics and a short comparison is made of similar applicationto few strongly affected countries in the beginning of 2022: the USA, the UK and France.The present work represents exclusively a mathematical modeling of the Pandemic and does notdeal with any other aspect of health, social or economic character as well with throwing away anypossibility for unexpected developments.Methods:The main novelty of the approach used is the dynamical tracking of successive generations of infected peopleinstead of treating in time the evolution of several large compartments within which the totalpopulation is partitioned (susceptible, infected, recovered,...).Because of the much strongest transmission of Omicron, its wave starts to dominate the Pandemic aftersome moment in time, and then the simplest version of the new model can be employed.Results:The daily observed new infection cases are described over a large time scale in a reasonable way after normalization. Deviations may be associated with country-specific factors. The position of the calculated Pandemic peaks in time in Romania and Bulgaria indicates a transition from the second to to the third generation of infected people. The situation in Germany is more complex. For comparison, in the USA, UK and France the transition is from the third to the fourth generation. The parameters derived by reproducing the data in the three countries considered are consistent with those derived earlier for the USA, the UK and France (i.e. infection and recovery rates).Conclusions:A very large part of the population will be gone through a contact with the virus in a relatively small period of time (3-4 months). This part is comparable to the total number of infections which occurredfor two years, since the beginning of the Pandemic by end of 2019. Therefore, one may hope that some temporary acquired immunity will be reached. Adding the effects of vaccination, one may hope with moderate optimism that it will be possible to control/stop the COVID-19 Pandemic soon. However, lifting restrictions should be done carefully and country specifically, and of course at the right time, as illustrated by the examples of the UK and Germany and to some extent of France.The present work represents exclusively a mathematical modeling of the Pandemic and does not deal with any other aspect of health, social or economic character as well with throwing away any possibility for unexpected developments. Yet we hope that the present results will be of some help.
Impact of psychological stress during COVID 19 pandemic on quality of life of health care workers in mental health hospital in Egypt
Authors: Nagar zeinab El , Hammed Marwa Abdel Meguid , Massoud Yasmine Mahmoud , Hassan Heba Adel , Mohamed Mohamed Youssef , Aufa Ola Mohamad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 outbreak resulted in negative mental health consequences such as depression, anxiety, and stress, particularly among health-care workers. Objective: To evaluate health care worker mental well-being and explore the reasons standing beyond their concerns and fears. Methods: From January to June 2021, we recruited 107 health care workers from psychiatric hospitals. The translated Arabic version COVID stress scale was used to assess their level of stress. The WHO Quality of Life - BREF score was used to assess their level of affection for their quality of life. Results: The majority of our sample (45.8%) was between the ages of 20 and 30. Females made up 37.8% of the group. The majority of them were infected during the first wave. The COVID Stress Scale (CSS) revealed that 21.5% of participants had no signs or symptoms of depression, while 55.1% had mild symptoms. Only 23.4% of our sample had moderate to severe symptoms. When categorised by domains, the mean CSS score was 12.21 ± 5.62 for danger subscale, 6.18 ± 4.07 for socioeconomic subscale, 8.44 ± 4.58 for xenophobia subscale, 7.99 ± 4.18 for contamination subscale, 5.87 ± 4.32 for traumatic subscale, and 11.13 ± 6.15 for compulsive subscale. The mean scores for the WHO QOL-brief score for physical aspect were 91.51 ± 21.5, 75.25 ± 12.84 for psychological aspect, 40.42 ± 8.52 for social aspect, and 96.26 ± 17.76 for environmental aspect. Conclusion: we discovered that health-care workers experienced high levels of stress, particularly during and after COVID -19 pandemic waves.
Requirements and Challenges of Hospital Dashboards: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Rabiei Reza , Almasi Sohrab 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Today, the use of data in managerial and clinical processes is quite challenging due to the large volume of data, data collection from various sources, and lack of data structure. As a data management tool, dashboards play a critical role in facilitating a timely and efficient representation of data.Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify functional and non- functional requirements, as well as challenges of using dashboards in hospitals.Methods: In this systematic review, four databases, including the Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus, were searched to find relevant articles from 2000 until May 30, 2020. The final search was conducted on May 30, 2020. Data collection was performed using a data extraction form and reviewing the content of relevant studies on the potentials and challenges of dashboard implementation.Results: The functional requirements for dashboards included reporting, reminders, customization, tracking, alert creation, and assessment of performance indicators. On the other hand, the non-functional requirements included the dashboard speed, security, ease of use, installation on different devices (e.g., PCs and laptops), integration with other systems, web-based design, inclusion of a data warehouse, being up-to-data, and use of data visualization elements based on the user’s needs. Moreover, the identified challenges were categorized into four groups: data sources, dashboard content, dashboard design, implementation, and integration in other systems at the hospital level.Conclusion: Dashboards, by providing information in an appropriate manner, can lead to the proper use of information by users. In order for a dashboard to be effective in clinical and managerial processes, particular attention must be paid to its capabilities, and the challenges of its implementation need to be addressed.
Ethnic Minority Experiences of Mental Health Services in the Netherlands; An Exploratory Study
Authors: Ilozumba Onaedo , Koster Tirsah S. , Syurina Elena V , Ebuenyi Ikenna D 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
Despite considerable spending on mental health in the Netherlands, access to mental health remains suboptimal, particularly for migrants and ethnic minorities. Addressing the growing mental health service needs requires an understanding of the experiences of all stakeholders, specifically minority populations. In this exploratory study, we sought to understand the perspectives and experience of mental health services by migrants and their provider. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted with 10 participants, five of whom were mental health service providers and the other five were clients who had utilized or currently utilized MHS in the Netherlands.
Results
We identified three themes that explained the experiences of clients and providers of MHS in the Netherlands i) Perceptions of mental health service utilization ii) Mismatch between providers iii) Availability of services. The most significant factor that influenced participants experience was a service provider of a different cultural background. Minority populations accessing mental health services have multiple needs, including an expressed need for cultural understanding. Their experiences of mental health services could be improved for minority populations by addressing the diversity of health providers
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Smokers with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Six Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yang Chaoqun , Guo Kangle , Li Jieyun , Shang Xue , Fenfen E , Wang Yan , Wang Shizhong , Yang Kehu , Zhang Xiaohui , Li Xiuxia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aims
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on smokers with schizophrenia.
Methods
Only Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) with rTMS on smokers with schizophrenia were included. The risk of bias of the included studies were assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Outcome indicators include changes in smoking behavior, psychiatric symptoms, and depressive symptoms. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence.
Findings
Six RCTs involving 571 smokers were included. The methodological quality results showed that two RCTs were assessed as high risk of bias, three were low, and seven were unclear. The meta-analysis showed that, comparing with sham rTMS, active rTMS significantly decreased the average daily number of cigarettes smoked (6 trials, MD = -8.50, 95% CI [-11.93, -5.06], very low quality) and the FTND score (4 trials, MD= -2.71, 95% CI [-3.22, -2.21], high quality). Meanwhile, rTMS improved the general psychiatric symptoms score (4 trials, MD= -1.89, 95%CI [-3.32, -0.47], moderate quality), and did not relieve the depressive symptoms score (2 trials, MD=-2.90, 95% CI [-8.72, 2.93], P = 0.33, very low quality).
Conclusions
rTMS might provide effective support for smokers with schizophrenia. It could reduce the craving for tobacco and might improve psychological symptoms. However, this conclusion needs more research and high evidence to support.
Where To Spend Meagre Resources In BOP Markets: Visual Enhancement Or Customer Care?
Authors: Pasha Fahad Mansoor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Presenting products in a visually pleasing manner is important for business. However, the current research on presenting products in a visually pleasing manner is limited to the use of product displays, shelf layouts, or point-of-purchase (POP) displays. We investigate displaying products in a visually pleasing manner through changes in the physical market’s layout, such as when cluttered and chaotic marketplaces are transformed into well-planned marketplaces that allow displaying products in a visually pleasing manner. We hypothesize that, contrary to expectations, marketplaces that allow displaying products in a visually pleasing manner do not increase sales prices, since new buyers enter the market and increase the bargaining power of buyers, countervailing the advantage that sellers have of displaying products in a visually pleasing manner. We confirm our hypothesis by comparing electronic data from two cattle markets in a densely-populated country. We suggest that Marketing Managers should invest meager resources in creating ease for new customers that enter a market rather than investing resources on displaying products in a visually pleasing manner.
Impact of Genetic Diagnosis on the Outcome of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders
Authors: Forlanini Federica , Chan Alice , Dara Jasmeen , Dvorak Christopher C. , Cowan Morton J. , Puck Jennifer M. , Dorsey Morna J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the relationship between knowledge of genetic diagnosis before HSCT and outcome, we reviewed all HSCTs for primary immune deficiencies (PID) performed at UCSF from 2007 through 2018. SCID, a distinct entity identified since 2010 in California by newborn screening and treated early, was considered separately. The underlying genetic condition was known at the time of HSCT in 85% of cases. Graft failure was less frequent in patients with a genetic diagnosis (19% with a genetic diagnosis versus 47% without, p=0.020). Furthermore, event-free survival and overall survival (OS) at 5 years were better for those with a genetic diagnosis (78% with versus 44% without, p=0.006; and 93% versus 60% without, p=0.0002, respectively). OS at 5 years was superior for known-genotype patients with both SCID (p=0.010) and non-SCID PID (p=0.010). There was no difference in OS between HSCT done in 2007-2010 compared to more recently (p=0.19). These data suggest that outcomes of HSCT for PID with known genotype may reflect specific experience and literature, or that a substantial proportion of patients with PID of undetermined genotype may have had underlying conditions for which HSCT may carry greater risk. The higher rate of graft failure in PID with unknown genotype may be in part explained by insufficient conditioning, which in turn could be dictated by compromised organ function in patients undergoing HSCT late in the course. Widespread availability of PID gene sequencing as standard care can provide genetic diagnoses for most patients with PID prior to HSCT, permitting optimization of transplant approach.
Expression and prognostic value of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX) in bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Xiang An-Ping , Chen Xiao-Nong , Xu Peng-Fei , Shao Si-Hai , Shen Yue-Fan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression intensity of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX) in bladder urothelial carcinoma and its predictive value for the recurrence after transurethral resection of bladder tumor. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of 194 specimens who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2016 and completed follow-up. The expression intensity of CA-IX and the clinical data of the patients were analyzed, and the subjects were divided into positive group and negative group according to the expression intensity of CA-IX. The age, gender, T stage, degree of differentiation, tumor number, tumor diameter, recurrence of each group was analyzed. Logistic univariate and multivariate analysis was used successively to find independent influencing factors for predicting the recurrence of bladder urothelial carcinoma after resection. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn according to the relationship between CA-IX expression intensity and postoperative recurrence. Results: The positive expression rates of CA-IX in bladder urothelial carcinomas were 68.1% (132/194). The positive expression of CA-IX had no statistical significance with age, gender and tumor diameter (P>0.05), while the positive expression of CA-IX had statistical significancewith tumor T stage, tumor differentiation, tumor number and recurrence (P<0.05); Logistic regression analysis showed that clinical T stage, tumor differentiation, tumor number, and CA-IX expression intensities were independent risk factors for predicting recurrence of bladder urothelial carcinoma after resection (P<0.05); There were 59 cases of recurrence in the positive expression of CA-IX group, with a recurrence rate of 44.69% (59/132), and 17 cases of recurrence in the negative expression group, with a recurrence rate of 27.41% (17/62). The mean recurrence time of CA-IX positive group was 29.93±9.86 (months), and the mean recurrence time of CA-IX negative group was 34.02±12.44 (months). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the recurrence rate and recurrence time of patients with positive expression of CA-IX in bladder urothelial carcinomas were significantly higher than those of patients with negative expression of CA-IX. Conclusion: CA-IX is highly expressed in bladder urothelial carcinoma, is a good tumor marker, and can be used as a good indicator for predicting the recurrence of bladder urothelial carcinoma after transurethral resection of bladder tumor.