bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower Quadrant Swing Biomechanics Identifies Golfers With Increased Risk of Low Back Pain: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Quinn Samantha-lynn , Olivier Benita , McKinon Warrick 
Published: July 2022

Context: Elite golfers have a high incidence of low back pain. Recent reviews have emphasized the need for investigation into how to prevent low back pain in golfers, prompting the current study. Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Methods: Forty-one injury-free golfers were included in this study. At baseline, lower quadrant joint angles and club and ball performance were measured while each golfer performed 10 drives. The golfers were then monitored for 6 months and were allocated into 2 groups depending on whether or not they developed low back pain. The initial, baseline kinematic variables of the low back pain group and the uninjured group were then compared. Results: Over the 6-month monitoring period, 17 (41%) of the golfers developed low back pain. At baseline assessment, the low back pain group had 4° less lead ankle dorsiflexion at setup (P = .01; effect size = 0.82), 6° less lead knee flexion at the top of the backswing (P = .05; effect size = 0.64), 6° less lead ankle dorsiflexion at the top of the backswing (P = .01; effect size = 0.82), 6° more trail hip adduction at the top of the backswing (P = .02; effect size = 0.79), 9° more trail knee flexion at impact (P = .05; effect size = −0.64), and 6° more trail hip adduction at the end of follow through (P < .00; effect size = 1.00). Conclusion: Golfers who developed low back pain during the 6-month monitoring period displayed distinct differences in biomechanics at baseline when all golfers were injury free. These biomechanical differences may be considered a precursor to injury. Three-dimensional motion analysis may indicate whether elite golfers are at risk of developing low back pain. Research is needed to assess whether targeted exercise and sports drills aimed at addressing the biomechanical risk factors identified may prevent low back pain in elite golfers.
Incipient collision of the Rae and Slave cratons at ca. 1.95 Ga
Authors: Cutts Jamie , Dyck Brendan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIncipient collision between the Rae and Slave cratons represents a critical initial stage in the final assembly of the composite Laurentian craton. However, the timing and kinematics of this event remain poorly constrained. Here, we integrate phase equilibria modeling and Lu-Hf garnet and U-Pb monazite and zircon petrochronology to precisely date the timing of peak metamorphism along the Great Slave Lake shear zone, the central segment of the western Rae cratonic margin that was the locus of terminal Rae-Slave collision. Zircon and monazite U-Pb ages broadly constrain prograde-to-peak metamorphism to 1933–1913 Ma, whereas the timing of upperamphibolite facies peak metamorphism (0.8–1.0 GPa and 750–800 °C) is best constrained by two garnet Lu-Hf ages of 1931 ± 12 and 1917 ± 6 Ma. Our results highlight the inherent strengths and limitations of garnet, monazite, and zircon petrochronology in the context of dating Paleoproterozoic-aged metamorphism. Based on the timing of crustal thickening constrained by Lu-Hf garnet geochronology, we posit that the Slave craton first collided with the western Rae margin at ca. 1950 Ma. Taken together with prior constraints on the timing of metamorphism elsewhere along the western Rae margin, we propose incipient collision was followed by the northwards zippering of the margins and the eventual ~500 km of dextral translation of the Slave craton along the Great Slave Lake shear zone.
Instabilities, Bifurcations, and Nonlinear Dynamics in Two-Dimensional Generalizations of Kolmogorov Flow
Authors: Wertgeim I. I. , Zaks M. A. , Sagitov R. V. , Sharifulin A. N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A family of two-dimensional flows of viscous incompressible fluid in a plane rectangular region with periodic boundary conditions (two-dimensional torus) is considered. The flows are induced by a force, periodic in the two spatial variables and independent of time. In the particular case of the harmonic dependence of the force on one coordinate and in the absence of average flow the well-known Kolmogorov flow is realized. In the general two-dimensional case restructurings of the stationary solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations are investigated numerically and the stability domains are determined in the space of governing physical and geometric parameters, namely, Reynolds numbers, force amplitudes, and spatial dimensions of periodicity cells. It is found that in a square region, whose side is equal to the spatial period of the external force, the main stationary flow preserves its stability against variation in the force amplitude and the Reynolds number. Contrariwise, in the cells, whose sides include several force periods, the variation in the parameters destabilizes the stationary flow. Stationary and self-oscillatory nonlinear secondary flows are considered. The effect of nonstationarity on the Lagrangian dynamics is discussed: the mechanisms of transition to the chaotic advection of passive particles depend on the commensurability of the Reynolds numbers characterizing the average flow in mutually perpendicular directions.
Space Medicine: Inspiring a new generation of physicians
Authors: Mian Areeb , Aamir Mian Minahel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract Space medicine is critical in enabling safe human exploration of space. The discipline focuses on supporting human survival, health, and performance in the austere environment of space. It is set to grow ever more important as significant transitions in the standard of space operations in the suborbital, low earth orbit (LEO) and beyond LEO domains will take place in the coming years. NASA along with their international and commercial partners have committed to returning to the Moon through the Artemis missions in this decade with the aim of achieving a permanent sustainable human presence on the lunar surface. Additionally, the development of reusable rockets is set to increase the number and frequency of humans going to space by making space travel more accessible. Commercial spaceflight and missions beyond LEO present many new challenges which space medicine physicians and researchers will need to address. Space medicine operates at the frontier of exploration, engineering, science and medicine. Aviation and Space Medicine (ASM) is the latest specialty to be recognised by the Royal College of Physicians and the General Medical Council in the UK. In this paper, we provide an introduction to space medicine, review the effects of spaceflight on human physiology and health along with countermeasures, medical and surgical issues in space, the varied roles of the ASM physician, challenges to UK space medicine practice and related research, and finally we explore the current representation of space medicine within the undergraduate curriculum.Learning points
The Linear Algebra Mapping Problem. Current State of Linear Algebra Languages and Libraries
Authors: Psarras Christos , Barthels Henrik , Bientinesi Paolo 
Published: July 2022

We observe a disconnect between developers and end-users of linear algebra libraries. On the one hand, developers invest significant effort in creating sophisticated numerical kernels. On the other hand, end-users are progressively less likely to go through the time consuming process of directly using said kernels; instead, languages and libraries, which offer a higher level of abstraction, are becoming increasingly popular. These languages offer mechanisms that internally map the input program to lower level kernels. Unfortunately, our experience suggests that, in terms of performance, this translation is typically suboptimal.In this paper, we define the problem of mapping a linear algebra expression to a set of available building blocks as the“Linear Algebra Mapping Problem” (LAMP); we discuss its NP-complete nature, and investigate how effectively a benchmark of test problems is solved by popular high-level programming languages and libraries. Specifically, we consider Matlab, Octave, Julia, R, Armadillo (C++), Eigen (C++), and NumPy (Python); the benchmark is meant to test both compiler optimizations, as well as linear algebra specific optimizations, such as the optimal parenthesization of matrix products. The aim of this study is to facilitate the development of languages and libraries that support linear algebra computations.
Follicular Lymphoma Microenvironment Characteristics Associated with Tumor Cell Mutations and MHC Class II Expression
Authors: Han Guangchun , Deng Qing , Marques-Piubelli Mario L. , Dai Enyu , Dang Minghao , Ma Man Chun John , Li Xubin , Yang Haopeng , Henderson Jared , Kudryashova Olga , Meerson Mark , Isaev Sergey , Kotlov Nikita , Nomie Krystle J. , Bagaev Alexander , Parra Edwin R. , Solis Soto Luisa M. , Parmar Simrit , Hagemeister Fredrick B. , Ahmed Sairah , Iyer Swaminathan P. , Samaniego Felipe , Steiner Raphael , Fayad Luis , Lee Hun , Fowler Nathan H. , Flowers Christopher R. , Strati Paolo , Westin Jason R. , Neelapu Sattva S. , Nastoupil Loretta J. , Vega Francisco , Wang Linghua , Green Michael R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a B-cell malignancy with a complex tumor microenvironment that is rich in nonmalignant immune cells. We applied single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the diverse tumor and immune cell populations of FL and identified major phenotypic subsets of FL T cells, including a cytotoxic CD4 T-cell population. We characterized four major FL subtypes with differential representation or relative depletion of distinct T-cell subsets. By integrating exome sequencing, we observed that somatic mutations are associated with, but not definitive for, reduced MHC expression on FL cells. In turn, expression of MHCII genes by FL cells was associated with significant differences in the proportions and targetable immunophenotypic characteristics of T cells. This provides a classification framework of the FL microenvironment in association with FL genotypes and MHC expression, and informs different potential immunotherapeutic strategies based upon tumor cell MHCII expression.

Significance:
We have characterized the FL-infiltrating T cells, identified cytotoxic CD4 T cells as an important component that is associated with tumor cell–intrinsic characteristics, and identified sets of targetable immune checkpoints on T cells that differed from FLs with normal versus low MHC expression.
See related commentary by Melnick, p. 374.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 369
The Confucian Way of Family under the Gongfu 功夫 Perspective – A Re-description (II)
Authors: Ni Peimin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Unlike typical journal articles that deal with specific issues in detail, this article offers a sketchy comprehensive re-description of the Confucian Way of family that serves the purpose of providing a bird’s-eye view to grasp the fact that, for Confucianism, family is not merely a part of the puzzle of human life, nor merely an ontological entity that serves as the foundation of the Confucian theory, but more a “Way” of living or gongfu 功夫 that comprised of values toward which cultivation of the person is practiced, an art of life to be mastered, and a model of social order to be implemented.
A Moral Metaphysics and a Metaphysics of Morals: Xunzi and Kant
Authors: Bunnin Nicholas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
I explore two important ways of thinking that the philosophical understanding of morality requires metaphysics: the moral metaphysics I ascribe to Xunzi and Kant’s metaphysics of morals. Both Xunzi and Kant held that a metaphysics of nature is inadequate for a metaphysical understanding of human moral agency. Xunzi invoked the human Dao to allow for the agency of the heart-mind, and Kant invoked the Categorical Imperative to allow for the agency of the moral self. Both Xunzi and Kant stretched metaphysics through rejecting the wrong sorts of rigour as preventing us from having an appropriate understanding of metaphysics and morality. I turn to their different placements of humanity that reflect deep differences in Xunzi’s and Kant’s underlying metaphysics. Xunzi placed humanity as a virtue or power that allows our psychology to become a moral psychology. Kant placed humanity as an ideal that allows our psychology to be a moral psychology.
The Scope of the Means Principle
Authors: Parry Jonathan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on Quong’s account of the scope of the means principle (the range of actions over which the special constraint on using a person applies). One of the key ideas underpinning Quong’s approach is that the means principle is downstream from an independent and morally prior account of our rights over the world and against one another. I raise three challenges to this ‘rights first’ approach. First, I consider Quong’s treatment of harmful omissions and argue that Quong’s view generates counter-intuitive results. Second, I argue that cases of harmful omissions raise problems for Quong’s claim that intentions are irrelevant to permissibility. Third, I consider Quong’s extension of the means principle to include uses of persons’ rightfully-owned property. I suggest that, contra Quong, questions of distributive justice are not morally prior to the ethics of defensive harm. Instead the two normative domains mutually inform one another.
Getting a Read on the Pandemic
Authors: Ebert Emma 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article explores the links between psychology – specifically, psychological needs, motivations, and coping mechanisms – and the sales of backlist titles during the COVID-19 pandemic. It shows how select titles on spirituality as well as The Boy, the Mole, the Fox and the Horse by Charlie Mackesy and Man’s Search for Meaning by Viktor E. Frankl help readers to attribute meaning to the pandemic and in turn, to cope with the struggles of the pandemic. The article concludes that such books are connected by their psychological value to readers – the psychological needs they fulfil – and that books from disparate genres and on varying topics can help readers cope in similar ways.
Four new species of the genus Eophileurus Arrow, 1908 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) from Thailand and Vietnam, with notes on some Indochinese species
Authors: YANG QIAO-ZHI , PATHOMWATTANANURAK WUTTIPON 
Published: July 2022

Four new species of the genus Eophileurus Arrow, 1908 are described: E. minor Yang & Pathomwattananurak, new species (Thailand and Vietnam), E. prelli Yang & Pathomwattananurak, new species (Vietnam), E. quadratifovealis Yang & Pathomwattananurak, new species and E. sidereus Yang & Pathomwattananurak, new species (both Thailand). Two new junior synonyms are proposed: E. confinis Prell, 1913 = E. takakuwai Yamaya & Muramoto, 2008, new synonym and E. felschei Prell, 1913 = E. grossepunctatus Dupuis, 2014, new synonym. Lectotypes for E. andamanicus Arrow, 1914 and E. siamensis Arrow, 1914 are designated. Taxonomic problems regarding E. confinis and E. malyi Endrődi, 1978 are discussed. Type material of E. andamanicus, E. confinis, E. decipiens Prell, 1913, E. felschei, E. gracilis Prell, 1913, E. grossepunctatus, E. malyi, E. nicobarensis Endrődi, 1978 and E. siamensis is illustrated. A distribution map of the new species and their closest relatives is also provided.
Value of hematological parameters for predicting patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019: a real-world cohort from Morocco
Authors: Azghar Ali , Bensalah Mohammed , Berhili Abdelilah , Slaoui Mounia , Mouhoub Boutaina , El Mezgueldi Imane , Nassiri Oumaima , El Malki Jalila , Maleb Adil , Seddik Rachid 
Published: July 2022

Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The clinical manifestations and the evolution of patients with COVID-19 are variable. In addition to respiratory involvement, COVID-19 leads to systemic involvement and can affect the hematopoietic system. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of hematological and hemocytometric parameters in predicting the severity of patients with COVID-19. Methods We performed a retrospective study at Mohammed VI university Hospital from 1 March to 11 November 2020. We collected demographic characteristics and hematological findings of incident COVID-19 cases. Results A total of 245 patients were included in our study. We found that the rate of lymphopenia was significantly reduced in patients who were severely affected by COVID-19. Additionally, the rate of neutrophilia, the neutrophil side fluorescence light signal, monocyte fluorescent intensity, monocyte size, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio were significantly elevated in patients who were severely affected by COVID-19. Conclusions These results are consistent with the literature regarding the predictive value of these markers. A prospective validation in a large population with a longer follow-up is required.
“Don't Just Study our Distress, Do Something”: Implementing and Evaluating a Modified Stepped-Care Model for Health Care Worker Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sheehan Kathleen A. , Schulz-Quach Christian , Ruttan Lesley A. , MacGillivray Lindsey , McKay Martha S. , Seto Alison , Li Adrienne , Stewart Donna E. , Abbey Susan E. , Berkhout Suze G. 
Published: July 2022

Objective Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been concerns about the mental health of health care workers (HCW). Although numerous studies have investigated the level of distress among HCW, few studies have explored programs to improve their mental well-being. In this paper, we describe the implementation and evaluation of a program to support the mental health of HCW at University Health Network (UHN), Canada's largest healthcare network. Methods Using a quality improvement approach, we conducted a needs assessment and then created and evaluated a modified stepped-care model to address HCW mental health during the pandemic. This included: online resources focused on psychoeducation and self-management, access to online support and psychotherapeutic groups, and self-referral for individual care from a psychologist or psychiatrist. We used ongoing mixed-methods evaluation, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, to improve program quality. Results The program is ongoing, running continuously throughout the pandemic. We present data up to November 30, 2021. There were over 12,000 hits to the UHN's COVID mental health intranet web page, which included self-management resources and information on group support. One hundred and sixty-six people self-referred for individual psychological or psychiatric care. The mean wait time from referral to initial appointment was 5.4 days, with an average of seven appointments for each service user. The majority had moderate to severe symptoms of depression and anxiety at referral, with over 20% expressing thoughts of self-harm or suicide. Post-care user feedback, collected through self-report surveys and semistructured interviews, indicated that the program is effective and valued. Conclusions Development of a high-quality internal mental health support for HCW program is feasible, effective, and highly valued. By using early and frequent feedback from multiple perspectives and stakeholders to address demand and implement changes responsively, the program was adjusted to meet HCW mental health needs as the pandemic evolved.
Analysis of Competitive Endogenous RNA Regulatory Network of Exosomal Breast Cancer Based on exoRBase
Authors: Zhu Kangle , Wang Qingqing , Wang Lian 
Published: July 2022

Objective: To construct a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network derived from exosomes of human breast cancer (BC) by using the exoRbase database, to explore the possible pathogenesis of BC, and to develop new targets for future diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The exosomal gene sequencing data of BC patients and normal controls were downloaded from the exoRbase database, and the expression profiles of exosomal mRNA, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) were analyzed by using R language. Use Targetscan and miRanda database to jointly predict and differentially express miRNA (microRNA), miRNA combined with mRNA. The miRcode database was used to predict the miRNA combined with differentially expressed lncRNA, and the starBase database was used to predict the miRNA combined with circRNA in the difference table. The related mRNA, circRNA, lncRNA, and their corresponding miRNA prediction data were imported into Cytoscape software to visualize the ceRNA network. Enrichment analysis and visualization of KEGG were carried out using KOBAS. Hub gene was determined by Cytohubba plug-in. Results: Forty-two differentially expressed mRNA, 43 differentially expressed circRNA, and 26 differentially expressed lncRNA were screened out. The ceRNA network was constructed by using Cytoscape software, including 19 mRNA nodes, 2 lncRNA nodes, 8 circRNA nodes, and 41 miRNA nodes. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed mRNA in the regulatory network mainly enriched the p53 signaling pathway. Find the key Hub gene PTEN. Conclusion: The ceRNA regulatory network in blood exosomes of BC patients has been successfully constructed in this study, which provides an exact target for the diagnosis and treatment of BC.
The Influence of Digital Affinity on the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System Choice by People With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Kinzel Carolin , Manfras Burkhard 
Published: July 2022

Background: Since several years, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems became a standard of care in patients with intensified conventional treatment (ICT) in many countries. CGM results in an ongoing record of digital information that provides an added value to patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and healthcare providers, among others. This implies the patient’s acceptance of data analyses and storage and an adjustment on self-management. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of digital affinity on the CGM use and the choice of a particular system. Methods: In a quantitative survey 2102 patients with T1D were interviewed via an online questionnaire. The study is based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Self-assessment of digital affinity was correlated with various features of CGM use and preferences. Significance of associations and correlations was tested. Results: Digital affinity correlated positively with CGM use for the self-management with ICT. Significant differences were found regarding the use of a particular system suggesting a correlation between digital affinity and the complexity of CGM data portrayal and interconnectivity with smart devices (eg, smartwatches). Conclusions: While suppliers of CGM systems focus on progress regarding the ease of use of their systems, they also provide a developing interconnectivity with smart devices and cloud-based data storage. This requires a higher digital affinity among users. While factors such as recommendations by physicians and coverage by health insurance companies have an impact on the system choice, the data demonstrate a correlation between digital affinity and particular CGM systems.