bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local and global scalar curvature rigidity of Einstein manifolds
Authors: Dahl Mattias , Kröncke Klaus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn Einstein manifold is called scalar curvature rigid if there are no compactly supported volume-preserving deformations of the metric which increase the scalar curvature. We give various characterizations of scalar curvature rigidity for open Einstein manifolds as well as for closed Einstein manifolds. As an application, we construct mass-decreasing deformations of the Riemannian Schwarzschild metric and the Taub–Bolt metric.
A Case of Neonatal Lupus Presenting with Myocardial Dysfunction in the Absence of Congenital Heart Block (CHB): Clinical Management and Brief Literature Review of Neonatal Cardiac Lupus
Authors: Jain Samhita , Spadafora Ruggero , Maxwell Sarah , Botas Carlos , Nawaytou Hythem , von Scheven Emily , Crouch Elizabeth E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNeonatal lupus (NLE) is a rare acquired autoimmune disorder caused by transplacental passage of maternal autoantibodies to Sjogren’s Syndrome A or B (SSA-SSB) autoantigens (Vanoni et al. in Clin Rev Allerg Immunol 53:469–476, 2017) which target fetal and neonatal tissues for immune destruction. The cardiac trademark of NLE is autoimmune heart block, which accounts for more than 80% of cases of complete atrioventricular heart block (AVB) in newborns with a structurally normal heart (Martin in Cardiol Young 24: 41–46, 2014). NLE presenting with cardiac alterations not involving rhythm disturbances are described in the literature, but they are rare. Here, we report a case of a neonate with high anti-SSA antibodies who developed severe ventricular dysfunction in the absence of rhythm abnormalities, endocardial fibroelastosis, and dilated cardiomyopathy (Trucco et al. in J Am Coll Cardiol 57:715–723, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.044, 2011), the most common cardiac presentations of NLE. The patient developed severe multiorgan dysfunction syndrome that required prolonged critical care support but fully recovered and was discharged home. We highlight the unusual clinical features of this NLE case and the importance of timely treatment of NLE allowing complete recovery of a critically ill neonate.
Technique of Hepatic Artery Anastomosis in Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Review of Its Results in Over 1200 Adult and Pediatric Transplants
Authors: Rajakannu Muthukumarassamy , Rajasekar Jasper Sandeep , Cherukuru Ramkiran , Rammohan Ashwin , Rela Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundFailure to achieve a good arterial inflow to the graft in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has disastrous consequences to the graft and patient survival. Standard microvascular techniques of hepatic artery (HA) anastomosis used in deceased donor liver transplantation are not applicable in LDLT. We present the results of our unique Backwall‐first technique of HA anastomosis in both adult and pediatric LDLT.Patients and methodsRetrospective review of all consecutive patients who underwent LDLT from January 2010 to December 2020 was performed from our prospective database. Data with regard to early postoperative (90‐day) hepatic arterial complications were analyzed.ResultsA total of 1276 LDLTs (876 adults, 400 children) were performed during the study period. In the 90‐day postoperative period, HA anastomotic complications [thrombosis in 11 (0.9%); pseudoaneurysm in 3 (0.2%)] were observed in 14 recipients (1.1%) including 8 adults (0.9%) and 6 children (1.5%). Eight of these 14 recipients (0.6%) including 4 adults (0.5%) and 4 children (1%) had standard HA reconstruction. The remaining six (0.5%) including 4 adults and 2 children had complex arterial reconstruction with interposition graft and/or alternative arterial inflow.ConclusionThe Backwall‐first technique of HA reconstruction described in this study achieved a very low HA complication rate in LDLT.
Image quality and related outcomes of the ShuntScope for catheter implantation in pediatric hydrocephalus—experience of 65 procedures
Authors: Prajsnar-Borak Anna , Teping Fritz , Oertel Joachim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Ventricular catheter implantation in pediatric hydrocephalus can become a highly challenging task due to abnormal anatomical configuration or the need for trans-aqueductal stent placement. Transluminal endoscopy with the ShuntScope has been invented to increase the rate of successful catheter placements. This study aims to evaluate ShuntScope’s image qualities and related surgical outcomes in the pediatric population.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of all pediatric patients undergoing ventricular catheter placement using the ShuntScope from 01/2012 to 01/2022 in the author’s department was performed. Demographic, clinical, and radiological data were evaluated. The visualization quality of the intraoperative endoscopy was stratified into the categories of excellent, medium, and poor and compared to the postoperative catheter tip placement. Follow-up evaluation included the surgical revision rate due to proximal catheter occlusion.

Results
A total of 65 ShuntScope-assisted surgeries have been performed on 51 children. The mean age was 5.1 years. The most common underlying pathology was a tumor- or cyst-related hydrocephalus in 51%. Achieved image quality was excellent in 41.5%, medium in 43%, and poor in 15.5%. Ideal catheter placement was achieved in 77%. There were no intraoperative complications and no technique-related morbidity associated with the ShuntScope. The revision rate due to proximal occlusion was 4.61% during a mean follow-up period of 39.7 years. No statistical correlation between image grade and accuracy of catheter position was observed (p-value was 0.290).

Conclusion
The ShuntScope can be considered a valuable addition to standard surgical tools in treating pediatric hydrocephalus. Even suboptimal visualization contributes to high rates of correct catheter placement and, thereby, to a favorable clinical outcome.
Multidimensional vulnerability among older adults in Germany
Authors: Cihlar Volker , Micheel Frank , Mergenthaler Andreas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Multidimensional vulnerability among older adults, characterized by low levels of individual resources in different life domains, has been insufficiently studied. This phenomenon is considered to be associated with a marked decrease in overall life satisfaction. Social support is supposed to buffer the negative effect of multidimensional vulnerability on life satisfaction.

Methods
Analyses are based on the German Health Update dataset (GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS). The analytic sample includes respondents ≥ 65 years (N = 5826). Confirmatory factor analyses were performed to construct a latent variable from the indicators income poverty, activities of daily living (ADL) limitations, multimorbidity, mental problems, and living alone. Multivariate linear regression models estimate the relationship between vulnerability and life satisfaction with a special focus on the interaction between vulnerability and social support.

Results
The analyses supports the multidimensional construct of vulnerability. Social support considerably moderates the negative relationship between vulnerability and life satisfaction. As the degree of vulnerability increases, the influence of social support becomes more pronounced.

Conclusion
The assessment of vulnerability as a multidimensional construct helps to depict the life situation of older people in a more differentiated way. Vulnerable older adults with a small or unreliable social network while finding it difficult to access practical help need additional external social support to achieve a high level of life satisfaction.
Comparative Analysis of Numerical Methods Regarding the Backflow Investigation in Tunnels of Zentrum am Berg
Authors: Patsekha Aliaksei , Wei Ranzhu , Galler Robert 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe efficiency of tunnel ventilation systems is commonly evaluated through numerical modelling. In this survey, two CFD models were developed by means of Fire Dynamic Simulator and Ansys Fluent software. The simulation results were used to assess the model performance in studying the backflow distribution in a real tunnel. A full-scale experiment to evaluate the ventilation conditions in the western railway tunnel was carried out in Zentrum am Berg. The velocity values were obtained for 90 examined points located at 10 cross-sections along a 100-meter tunnel part. The results showed good agreement in velocity variation trends from field measurements and those predicted by numerical models. At cross-sections more distant from the fan outlets, the FDS and Fluent models overestimated the flow velocities to a different extent. The simulated backflow development corresponds well to the observed three specified regions (initial, transitional, and developed) with distinctive flow structures. The FDS calculations confirmed the registered spontaneous changes in flow direction at points with a prevailed flow direction in the vicinity of the jet fans. Despite some discrepancies in results, the comparative analysis of two numerical models showed their applicability in the backflow investigation.
DNA G-quadruplex-stabilizing metal complexes as anticancer drugs
Authors: Zegers Jaccoline , Peters Maartje , Albada Bauke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGuanine quadruplexes (G4s) are important targets for cancer treatments as their stabilization has been associated with a reduction of telomere ends or a lower oncogene expression. Although less abundant than purely organic ligands, metal complexes have shown remarkable abilities to stabilize G4s, and a wide variety of techniques have been used to characterize the interaction between ligands and G4s. However, improper alignment between the large variety of experimental techniques and biological activities can lead to improper identification of top candidates, which hampers progress of this important class of G4 stabilizers. To address this, we first review the different techniques for their strengths and weaknesses to determine the interaction of the complexes with G4s, and provide a checklist to guide future developments towards comparable data. Then, we surveyed 74 metal-based ligands for G4s that have been characterized to the in vitro level. Of these complexes, we assessed which methods were used to characterize their G4-stabilizing capacity, their selectivity for G4s over double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), and how this correlated to bioactivity data. For the biological activity data, we compared activities of the G4-stabilizing metal complexes with that of cisplatin. Lastly, we formulated guidelines for future studies on G4-stabilizing metal complexes to further enable maturation of this field.
Graphical abstract
Land subsidence caused by seasonal groundwater level fluctuations in Kawajima (Japan) and one-dimensional numerical modeling with an evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Akitaya Kento , Aichi Masaatsu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe causes of land subsidence in Kawajima, Japan, have been investigated through data compilation and numerical modeling. Land subsidence has progressed despite a gradual increase in the hydraulic head in the long term. Taking into account the temporal changes and depth distribution of groundwater abstractions, the contraction of formations, and the complexity of the hydrogeological structures, it is proposed that agricultural groundwater use is one of the main triggers for land subsidence. A one-dimensional numerical simulator for coupled groundwater flow and soil deformation was developed with an evolutionary algorithm for model calibration. The calculated spatiotemporal changes in the past-maximum effective stress showed that plastic consolidation in the clayey layers progressed part by part every summer season resulting in long-term and gradual land subsidence under the same range of groundwater level fluctuations. The results also showed that the plastic deformation occurred in both the Holocene and Pleistocene sediments in the drought years, leading to significant subsidence. The model’s predictive performance showed good potential except for a structural prediction error after the Tohoku Earthquake in 2011. The scenario analysis indicated that management of the groundwater level in summer is one of the effective countermeasures in suppressing land subsidence caused by seasonal groundwater level fluctuations. These methodologies and findings can be used for groundwater management in similar cases around the world. Additional investigation is necessary on the influence of large earthquakes in deformation conditions in order to further improve the developed model.
Anodic Polarity Minimizes Facial Nerve Stimulation as a Side Effect of Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Konerding Wiebke S. , Baumhoff Peter , Kral Andrej 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne severe side effect of the use of cochlear implants (CI) is coincidental facial nerve stimulation (FNS). Clinical methods to alleviate FNS range from the reprogramming of processor settings to revision surgery. We systematically assessed different changes in CI stimulation modes that have been discussed in the literature as “rescue factors” from FNS: electrode configuration (broad to focused), pulse shape (symmetric biphasic to pseudo-monophasic), and pulse polarity (cathodic to anodic). An FNS was assessed, based on electrophysiological thresholds, in 204 electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP) input/output functions recorded from 33 ears of 26 guinea pigs. The stimulation level difference between auditory nerve eCAP threshold and FNS threshold was expressed as the eCAP-to-FNS offset. Coincidental FNS occurred in all animals and in 45% of all recordings. A change from monopolar to focused (bipolar, tripolar) configurations minimized FNS. The Euclidean distance between the CI contacts and the facial nerve explained no more than 33% of the variance in FNS thresholds. For both the FNS threshold and the eCAP-to-FNS offset, the change from cathodic to anodic pulse polarity significantly reduced FNS and permitted a gain of 14–71% of the dynamic range of the eCAP response. This “anodic rescue effect” was stronger for pseudo-monophasic pulses as compared to the symmetric biphasic pulse shape. These results provide possible mechanisms underlying recent clinical interventions to alleviate FNS. The “anodic-rescue effect” may offer a non-invasive therapeutic option for FNS in human CI users that should be tested clinically, preferably in combination with current-focusing methods.
Exploring time and frequency linkages of green bond with renewable energy and crypto market
Authors: Yadav Miklesh Prasad , Tandon Priyanka , Singh Anurag Bhadur , Shore Adam , Gaur Pali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the dynamic linkages of green bond with the energy and crypto market. The S&P green bond index (RSPGB) is used as a proxy for the green bond market; S&P global clean energy index and ISE global wind energy (RIGW) are used as proxies for the renewable energy market, and; Bitcoin and Ethereum (RETHER) are used as the proxies of the crypto market. The daily prices of these constituent series are collected using Bloomberg from October 3, 2016 to February 23, 2021. We undertake an empirical analysis through the application of three key tests, namely: dynamic conditional correlation (DCC), Diebold and Yilmaz (Int J Forecast 28(1):57–66, 2012. 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2011.02.006), Baruník and Křehlík (J Financ Econom 16(2):271–296, 2018. 10.1093/jjfinec/nby001) model. The DCC reveals no dynamic linkages of volatility from the green bond to the energy and crypto market in the short run. Referring to Diebold and Yilmaz (2012), it dictates that the green bond (RSPGB) is a net receiver while the energy market (RIGW) and cryptocurrency (RETHER) are the largest and least contributors to the transmission of the volatility. Additionally, the Baruník and Křehlík (2018) model confirmed that the magnitude of the total spillover is high in more prolonged than shorter periods, suggesting reduced diversification opportunities. Overall, the present study exemplifies the significance of the green bond market as protection against risk.
Centroids of the core of exact capacities: a comparative study
Authors: Miranda Enrique , Montes Ignacio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCapacities are a common tool in decision making. Each capacity determines a core, which is a polytope formed by additive measures. The problem of eliciting a single probability from the core is interesting in a number of fields: in coalitional game theory for selecting a fair way of splitting the wealth between the players, in the transferable belief model from evidence theory or for transforming a second order into a first order model. In this paper, we study this problem when the goal is to determine the centroid of the core of a capacity, and we compare four approaches: the Shapley value, the average of the extreme points, the incenter with respect to the total variation distance and the limit of a procedure of uniform contraction. We show that these four centroids do not coincide in general, we give some sufficient conditions for their equality, and we analyse their axiomatic properties. We also discuss how to define a notion of centrality measure indicating the degree of centrality of an additive measure in the core. Finally, we also analyse these four centroids in the more general context of imprecise probabilities.
Transient analysis on surface heated piezoelectric semiconductor plate lying on rigid substrate
Authors: Zhao Luke , Gu Sen , Song Yaqin , Jin Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBased on the thermo-electro-elastic coupling theory, the mathematical model for a surface heated piezoelectric semiconductor (PS) plate is developed in the time domain. Applying the direct and inverse Laplace transformations to the established model, the mechanical and electrical responses are investigated. The comparison between the analytical solution and the finite element method (FEM) is conducted, which illustrates the validity of the derivation. The calculated results show that the maximum values of the mechanical and electrical fields appear at the heating surface. Importantly, the perturbation carriers tend to concentrate in the zone near the heating surface under the given boundary conditions. It can also be observed that the heating induced elastic wave leads to jumps for the electric potential and perturbation carrier density at the wavefront. When the thermal relaxation time is introduced, all the field quantities become smaller because of the thermal lagging effect. Meanwhile, it can be found that the thermal relaxation time can describe the smooth variation at the jump position. Besides, for a plate with P-N junction, the effect of the interface position on the electrical response is studied. The effects of the initial carrier density on the electrical properties are discussed in detail. The conclusions in this article can be the guidance for the design of PS devices serving in thermal environment.
Image Scaling by de la Vallée-Poussin Filtered Interpolation
Authors: Occorsio Donatella , Ramella Giuliana , Themistoclakis Woula 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a new image scaling method both for downscaling and upscaling, running with any scale factor or desired size. The resized image is achieved by sampling a bivariate polynomial which globally interpolates the data at the new scale. The method’s particularities lay in both the sampling model and the interpolation polynomial we use. Rather than classical uniform grids, we consider an unusual sampling system based on Chebyshev zeros of the first kind. Such optimal distribution of nodes permits to consider near-best interpolation polynomials defined by a filter of de la Vallée-Poussin type. The action ray of this filter provides an additional parameter that can be suitably regulated to improve the approximation. The method has been tested on a significant number of different image datasets. The results are evaluated in qualitative and quantitative terms and compared with other available competitive methods. The perceived quality of the resulting scaled images is such that important details are preserved, and the appearance of artifacts is low. Competitive quality measurement values, good visual quality, limited computational effort, and moderate memory demand make the method suitable for real-world applications.
The Social Dimension of the European Union: A Means to lock out Social Competition?
Authors: Bilbao-Ubillos Javier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the process of European integration, the social dimension has to date been subordinated to presumed economic requirements. There have been no specific commitments to preserve the European Social Model (ESM), which has been gradually diluted as a result of successive EU enlargements, the impact of ageing, job insecurity and socio-cultural changes on social protection systems and the pressure exerted by globalisation in a context of ever harsher market competition. Moreover, the decisions adopted by the EU in addressing the 2008 economic crisis have led Community institutions gradually to impose reforms of pension systems and labour markets, particularly in southern countries, which threaten to reduce the level of protection provided for citizens. This paper argues that the EU aquis is not sufficient to prevent social competition and warns of the risks arising from the current dynamic in terms of maintaining social cohesion, equal opportunities and fairness as basic features of European identity. Some data that illustrate the varying degrees of intensity and effort in social welfare provisions by Member States and the gradual divergence in social protection benefits are provided (using dispersion measurements). In an effort to be proactive, a number of proposals are given with a view to reversing this trend and consolidating the social content of the European project.
Strategies to parallelize a finite element mesh truncation technique on multi-core and many-core architectures
Authors: Badia Jose M. , Amor-Martin Adrian , Belloch Jose A. , Garcia-Castillo Luis Emilio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAchieving maximum parallel performance on multi-core CPUs and many-core GPUs is a challenging task depending on multiple factors. These include, for example, the number and granularity of the computations or the use of the memories of the devices. In this paper, we assess those factors by evaluating and comparing different parallelizations of the same problem on a multiprocessor containing a CPU with 40 cores and four P100 GPUs with Pascal architecture. We use, as study case, the convolutional operation behind a non-standard finite element mesh truncation technique in the context of open region electromagnetic wave propagation problems. A total of six parallel algorithms implemented using OpenMP and CUDA have been used to carry out the comparison by leveraging the same levels of parallelism on both types of platforms. Three of the algorithms are presented for the first time in this paper, including a multi-GPU method, and two others are improved versions of algorithms previously developed by some of the authors. This paper presents a thorough experimental evaluation of the parallel algorithms on a radar cross-sectional prediction problem. Results show that performance obtained on the GPU clearly overcomes those obtained in the CPU, much more so if we use multiple GPUs to distribute both data and computations. Accelerations close to 30 have been obtained on the CPU, while with the multi-GPU version accelerations larger than 250 have been achieved.