bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tomato brassinosteroid-signaling kinase Bsk830 is a component of flagellin signaling that regulates pre-invasion immunity
Authors: Sobol Guy , Majhi Bharat Bhusan , Pasmanik-Chor Metsada , Zhang Ning , Roberts Holly M. , Martin Gregory B. , Sessa Guido 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTDetection of bacterial flagellin by the tomato receptors Flagellin sensing 2 (Fls2) and Fls3 triggers activation of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). Tomato signaling components associated or downstream of flagellin receptors are largely unknown. We investigated the involvement of tomato brassinosteroid-signaling kinase 830 (Bsk830) in PTI triggered by flagellin perception. Bsk830 localized to the plasma membrane and interacted with Fls2 and Fls3. Consistent with a role in flagellin- induced signaling, CRISPR/Cas9-generated tomato bsk830 mutants were impaired in ROS accumulation induced by the flagellin-derived flg22 and flgII-28 peptides. In addition, bsk830 mutants developed larger populations of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) strain DC3000 than wild-type plants, whereas no differences were observed in plants infected with the flagellin deficient Pst DC3000ΔfliC. bsk830 mutants failed to close stomata when infected with Pst DC3000 and Pseudomonas fluorescens, and were more susceptible to Pst DC3000 than wild-type plants when inoculated by dipping, but not by vacuum-infiltration, indicating involvement of Bsk830 in pre-invasion immunity. Analysis of gene expression profiles in bsk830 mutants detected a reduced number of differentially expressed genes and altered expression of jasmonic acid (JA)-related genes. In support of deregulation of JA response in bsk830 mutants, these plants were similarly susceptible to Pst DC3000 and to the Pst DC3118 strain, which is deficient in coronatine production, and more resistant to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea following PTI activation. These results indicate that tomato Bsk830 is required for a subset of flagellin-triggered PTI responses and support a model in which Bsk830 negatively regulates JA signaling during PTI activation.
A developmental atlas of somatosensory diversification and maturation in the dorsal root ganglia by single-cell mass cytometry
Authors: Keeler Austin B. , Van Deusen Amy L. , Cheng Irene , Williams Corey M. , Goggin Sarah M , Hirt Ashley K. , Vradenburgh Shayla A. , Fread Kristen I. , Puleo Emily A. , Jin Lucy , Deppmann Christopher D. , Zunder Eli R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrecisely controlled development of the somatosensory system is essential for detecting pain, itch, temperature, mechanical touch, and body position. To investigate the protein-level changes that occur during somatosensory development, we performed single-cell mass cytometry on dorsal root ganglia from C57/BL6 mice, with litter replicates collected daily from E11.5 to P4. Measuring nearly 3 million cells, we quantified 30 molecularly distinct somatosensory glial and 41 distinct neuronal states across all time points. Analysis of differentiation trajectories revealed rare cells that coexpress two or more Trk receptors and overexpress stem cell markers, suggesting that these neurotrophic factor receptors play a role in cell fate specification. Comparison to previous RNA-based studies identified substantial differences between many protein/mRNA pairs, demonstrating the importance of protein-level measurements to identify functional cell states. Overall, this study demonstrates that mass cytometry is a high-throughput, scalable platform to rapidly phenotype somatosensory tissues.
Delayed recovery and host specialization may spell disaster for coral-fish mutualism
Authors: Froehlich Catheline Y.M. , Klanten O. Selma , Hing Martin L. , Dowton Mark , Wong Marian Y.L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMutualisms are prevalent in many ecosystems, yet little is known about how symbioses are affected by multiple disturbances. Here we show delayed recovery for 13 coral-dwelling goby fishes (genus Gobiodon) compared with their host Acropora corals following 4 consecutive cyclones and heatwaves. While corals became twice as abundant 3 years post-disturbances, their symbiotic gobies were only half as abundant relative to pre-disturbances and half of the goby species disappeared. Although goby species preferred particular coral species, surviving goby species shifted hosts to newly abundant coral species when their preferred hosts became rare. As host specialization is key for goby fitness, shifting hosts may have negative fitness consequences for gobies and corals alike and affect their survival in response to environmental changes. Our study demonstrates that mutualist partners do not respond identically to multiple disturbances, and that goby host plasticity, while potentially detrimental, may be the only possibility for early recovery.
Development and Validation of Multivariable Prediction Models of Serological Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Osmanodja Bilgin , Stegbauer Johannes , Kantauskaite Marta , Rump Lars Christian , Heinzel Andreas , Reindl-Schwaighofer Roman , Oberbauer Rainer , Benotmane Ilies , Caillard Sophie , Masset Christophe , Kerleau Clarisse , Blancho Gilles , Budde Klemens , Grunow Fritz , Mikhailov Michael , Schrezenmeier Eva , Ronicke Simon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundRepeated vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 increases serological response in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) with high interindividual variability. No decision support tool exists to predict SARS-CoV-2 vaccination response in KTR.MethodsWe developed, internally and externally validated five different multivariable prediction models of serological response after the third and fourth vaccine dose against SARS-CoV-2 in KTR. Using 27 candidate predictor variables, we applied statistical and machine learning approaches including logistic regression (LR), LASSO-regularized LR, random forest, and gradient boosted regression trees. For development and internal validation, data from 585 vaccinations were used. External validation was performed in four independent, international validation datasets comprising 191, 184, 254, and 323 vaccinations, respectively.FindingsLASSO-regularized LR performed on the whole development dataset yielded a 23- and 11- variable model, respectively. External validation showed AUC-ROC of 0.855, 0.749, 0.828, and 0.787 for the sparser 11-variable model, yielding an overall performance 0.819.InterpretationAn 11-variable LASSO-regularized LR model predicts vaccination response in KTR with good overall accuracy. Implemented as an online tool, it can guide decisions when choosing between different immunization strategies to improve protection against COVID-19 in KTR.
Galaxy Training: A Powerful Framework for Teaching!
Authors: Hiltemann Saskia , Rasche Helena , Gladman Simon , Hotz Hans-Rudolf , Larivière Delphine , Blankenberg Daniel , Jagtap Pratik D. , Wollmann Thomas , Bretaudeau Anthony , Goué Nadia , Griffin Timothy J. , Royaux Coline , Le Bras Yvan , Mehta Subina , Syme Anna , Coppens Frederik , Droesbeke Bert , Soranzo Nicola , Bacon Wendi , Psomopoulos Fotis , Gallardo-Alba Cristóbal , Davis John , Föll Melanie Christine , Fahrner Matthias , Doyle Maria A. , Serrano-Solano Beatriz , Fouilloux Anne , van Heusden Peter , Maier Wolfgang , Clements Dave , Heyl Florian , Grüning Björn , Batut Bérénice ,   the Galaxy Training Network
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is an ongoing explosion of scientific datasets being generated, brought on by recent technological advances in many areas of the natural sciences. As a result, the life sciences have become increasingly computational in nature, and bioinformatics has taken on a central role in research studies. However, basic computational skills, data analysis and stewardship are still rarely taught in life science educational programs [1], resulting in a skills gap in many of the researchers tasked with analysing these big datasets. In order to address this skills gap and empower researchers to perform their own data analyses, the Galaxy Training Network (GTN) has previously developed the Galaxy Training Platform (https://training.galaxyproject.org); an open access, community-driven framework for the collection of FAIR training materials for data analysis utilizing the user-friendly Galaxy framework as its primary data analysis platform [2].Since its inception, this training platform has thrived, with the number of tutorials and contributors growing rapidly, and the range of topics extending beyond life sciences to include topics such as climatology, cheminformatics and machine learning. While initially aimed at supporting researchers directly, the GTN framework has proven to be an invaluable resource for educators as well. We have focused our efforts in recent years on adding increased support for this growing community of instructors. New features have been added to facilitate the use of the materials in a classroom setting, simplifying the contribution flow for new materials, and have added a set of train-the-trainer lessons. Here, we present the latest developments in the GTN project, aimed at facilitating the use of the Galaxy Training materials by educators, and its usage in different learning environments.
Inclusive fitness forces of selection in an age-structured population
Authors: Roper Mark , Green Jonathan P. , Salguero-Gómez Roberto , Bonsall Michael B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrent evolutionary theories of senescence predict that the force of selection on survival will decline from maturity to zero at the age of last reproduction, and the force of selection on reproduction will decline monotonically from birth. These predictions rest upon the assumption that individuals within a population do not interact with one another. This assumption, however, is violated in social species, where an individual’s survival and/or reproduction may shape the fitness of other group members. In such species, it is inclusive fitness that natural selection optimises. Yet, it remains unclear how the forces of selection on survival and reproduction might be modified when inclusive fitness, rather than population growth rate, is considered the appropriate metric for fitness. Here, we derive inclusive fitness forces of selection for hypothetical populations of social species. We show that selection on survival is not always constant before maturity, and can remain above zero in post-reproductive age classes, contrary to conventional models of senescence. We also show how the trajectory of the force of selection on reproduction does not always decline monotonically from birth, as predicted by classical theory, but instead depends on the balance of benefits to direct fitness and costs to indirect fitness. Our theoretical framework provides the unique opportunity to expand our understanding of senescence across social species, with important implications to species with variable life histories.
Re-mining serum proteomics data reveals extensive post-translational modifications upon Zika and dengue infection
Authors: Allgoewer Kristina , Choi Hyungwon , Vogel Christine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are two closely related flaviviruses with similar symptoms; understanding differences in their molecular impact on the host is therefore of high interest. Viruses interact with the host’s post-translational modifications, inducing changes visible in serum. As modifications are diverse and of low abundance, they typically require additional sample processing which is not feasible for large cohort studies. Therefore, we tested the potential of next-generation proteomics data in its ability to prioritize specific modifications for later targeted analysis. We re-mined published mass spectra from 122 unenriched serum samples from ZIKV and DENV patients for the presence of phosphorylated, methylated, oxidized, glycosylated/glycated, sulfated, and carboxylated peptides. We identified 272 modified peptides with significantly differential abundance in ZIKV and DENV patients. Amongst these, methionine-oxidized peptides from apolipoproteins and glycosylated peptides from immunoglobulin proteins were more abundant in ZIKV patient serum and generate hypotheses on the potential roles of the modification in the infection. The results demonstrate how data-independent acquisition techniques can help prioritize future analyses of peptide modifications.
Ensemble remodeling supports memory-updating
Authors: Mau William , Baggetta Austin M. , Dong Zhe , Sweis Brian M. , Morales-Rodriguez Denisse , Pennington Zachary T. , Francisco Taylor , Freedman David J. , Baxter Mark G. , Shuman Tristan , Cai Denise J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMemory-updating is critical in dynamic environments because updating memories with new information promotes versatility. However, little is known about how memories are updated with new information. To study how neuronal ensembles might support memory-updating, we used a hippocampus-dependent spatial reversal task to measure hippocampal ensemble dynamics when mice switched navigational goals. Using Miniscope calcium imaging, we identified neuronal ensembles (co-active neurons) in dorsal CA1 that were spatially tuned and stable across training sessions. When reward locations were moved during a reversal session, a subset of these ensembles decreased their activation strength, correlating with memory-updating. These “remodeling” ensembles were a result of weakly-connected neurons becoming less co-active with their peers. Middle-aged mice were impaired in reversal learning, and the prevalence of their remodeling ensembles correlated with their memory-updating performance. Therefore, we have identified a mechanism where the hippocampus breaks down ensembles to support memory-updating.
Creatine transporter (Slc6a8) knockout mice show an inattentive-like phenotype in the 5-choice serial reaction time test
Authors: Skelton Matthew R. , Liou Rosalyn , Perna Marla K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDisorders of creatine (Cr) synthesis and transport cause moderate to severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, and a lack of speech development. Mutations of the X-linked Cr transporter (CrT; SLC6A8) gene are the most frequent cause of Cr deficiency and one of the leading causes of X-linked intellectual disability. There are no treatments for CrT deficiency (CTD) and there are many unanswered questions related to this disorder. Rodent models of CTD have deficits in spatial learning and memory, object recognition memory, fear conditioning, and working memory, making them high-fidelity models of CTD. While these cognitive deficits provide important information related to CTD, they lack some translational relevance and do not address important aspects of executive function like attention and impulsivity. To address this gap in knowledge, we tested brain specific Slc6a8 knockout (bKO) mice in the 5-choice serial reaction time test (5CSRTT), a correlate of the continuous performance task in humans. Following 5CSRTT training, mice were then tested for 3 sessions using trials with a variable stimulus duration followed by 3 sessions using a fixed stimulus duration and variable intertrial interval. During both the testing phases the bKO mice had reduced accuracy along with increased omissions and correct latencies compared with controls. There were no increases in premature responses during the vITI, suggesting that these mice do not have an impulsive phenotype. The results of this study expand the known phenotype of Slc6a8 deficient mice and add a translationally relevant behavioral output to test potential therapies.SynopsisThis study shows that a mouse model of human creatine transporter deficiency, a devastating human condition, has an attention-deficit disorder-like phenotype without an increase in impulsivity.
Diversity-generating retroelements in prokaryotic immunity
Authors: Belalov Ilya S , Sokolov Arseniy A , Letarov Andrey V 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdaptive immunity systems found in different organisms fall into two major types. Prokaryotes possess CRISPR-Cas systems, recognizing former invaders using the memorized (captured) pieces of their DNA as the pathogen signatures. Mammals possess a vast repertory of antibodies and T-cell receptors variants generated in advance. In this second type of adaptive immunity, a pathogen presentation to the immune system specifically activates the cells expressing matching antibodies or receptors. These cells proliferate to fight the infection and to form the immune memory. The principle of preemptive production of diverse defense proteins for future use can hypothetically take place in microbes too. In this study we test the hypothesis that prokaryotes employ diversity-generating retroelements to prepare defense proteins against yet-unknown invaders. We identified several candidate defense systems and characterised them.
Meningeal lymphatic drainage promotes T cell responses againstToxoplasma gondiibut is dispensable for parasite control in the brain
Authors: Kovacs Michael A. , Cowan Maureen N. , Babcock Isaac W. , Sibley Lydia A. , Still Katherine , Batista Samantha J. , Labuzan Sydney A. , Sethi Ish , Harris Tajie H. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThe discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels that drain the central nervous system (CNS) has prompted new insights into how neuroinflammation develops. In this study, we examined how T cell responses against CNS-derived antigen develop in the context of infection. We found that meningeal lymphatic drainage promotes CD4+and CD8+T cell responses against the neurotropic parasiteToxoplasma gondii, and we discovered changes in the antigen-presenting cell compartment of the dural meninges that potentially support this process. Indeed, compared to uninfected controls, mice chronically infected withT. gondiidisplayed a ten-fold increase in the total number of dendritic cells in the dural meninges. These cells upregulated MHC class II, CD80, and CD86 expression, sampled cerebrospinal fluid-derived protein, and were detected within meningeal lymphatic vessels in greater numbers during infection. Disrupting meningeal lymphatic drainage via ligation surgery resulted in reduced dendritic cell number and maturation in the deep cervical lymph nodes and impaired CD4+and CD8+T cell activation, proliferation, and IFN-γ production at this site. Surprisingly, parasite-specific T cell responses in the brain remained intact following ligation, which may be due to activation of T cells at alternative sites during chronic infection, including lymph nodes that drain non-CNS tissue. Collectively, our work reveals that CNS lymphatic drainage supports the development of peripheral T cell responses againstT. gondiibut is nonetheless dispensable for host protection of the brain.
Fund style drift and stock price crash risk – analysis of the mediating effect based on corporate financial risk
Authors: Sun Yanlin , Liu Siyu , Chen Shoudong 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the direct impact of fund style drift on the risk of stock price collapse and the intermediary mechanism of financial risk, so as to better protect the interests of minority investors.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes all the non-financial companies on the Chinese Growth Enterprise Market from 2011 to 2020 as study object and selects securities investment funds of their top ten circulation stocks to study the relationship between fund style drift and stock price crash risk.FindingsFund style drift is likely to add stock price crash risk. Financial risk is positively correlated with stock price crash risk. Fund style drift affects stock price crash risk via the mediating effect of financial risk, and fund style drift and financial risk have a marked impact on the stock price crash risk of non-state enterprises, yet a non-significant impact on that of state-owned enterprises.Originality/valueThis paper links fund style drift with stock price crash risk in an exploratory manner and enriches the study perspectives of relationship between institutional investors’ behaviors and stock price crash risk, thus enjoying certain academic value. On the one hand, it furnishes a new approach to the academic frontier issue concerning financial risk and stock price crash risk, and proves that financial risk is positively correlated with stock price crash risk. On the other hand, it regards financial risk as a mediating variable of fund style drift for stock price crash risk and further explores different influencing mechanism of institutional investors’ behaviors.
What makes talents stay? Perceived organizational support and future time perspective
Authors: Wei Yu-Chen 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aims to integrate self-determination and social exchange theories to assess how the three-way interaction between human capital, perceived organizational support (POS) and future time perspective (FTP) affects turnover intention.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a sample of 586 engineers and their immediate supervisors working in Taiwanese high-technology companies to examine the hypothesized relationships.

Findings
The results indicate that human capital with a high POS has a lower turnover intention than that with a low POS. Moreover, a three-way interaction is observed between human capital, POS and FTP, indicating that human capital predicts lower turnover intention when both POS and FTP are high.

Practical implications
The findings suggest that managers should hire employees who have high human capital and who are predisposed to FTP and provide strong organizational support to retain outstanding manpower.

Originality/value
This study is one of the first to examine the interaction effects of POS and FTP on the relationship between human capital and turnover intention.
Corporate learning and technology – opportunity and risk for the learning professional
Authors: Hector Tania 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The article aims to clarify the risks and opportunities available to corporate learning professionals with the advent of a tsunami of EdTech (educational technology) that promises to be the silver bullet of lifelong learning. It acknowledges that the urgency of up/reskilling adults provides learning professionals with a unique moment to make a difference by ensuring the right skills are available as needed. However, learning professionals are simultaneously under threat of irrelevance should we fail to use the avalanche of advances in technology combined with tried and tested pedagogical principles and a multi-channel approach.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper offers the author’s opinion on the future opportunities for learning professionals, using a summarized analysis of available technology and Educational Technology. In addition, it offers opportunities for further exploration by the reader.

Findings
The Future of Work has arrived and potentially signals the beginning of a golden age for learning professionals – or the beginning of the end, ultimately to be replaced by technology. The need is clear. What is not clear is whether the learning community – en masse – have the technological savvy to step up and maximize the use of technology, and specifically AI related services, to meet this need.

Practical implications
Learning professionals have a limited moment in time to pivot their existing skill set to a better understanding and use of technology. The paper offers some suggestions for action in this regard.

Social implications
Should the learning professional fail to utilize this unique moment in time to optimize the learning experiences of adults, the world faces a skills gap that will harm innovation, employment and social stability.

Originality/value
This paper fulfills an identified need for learning professionals to adjust their approach, skill set, and deliverables and offers guidelines for focus and action in a world saturated with information.