bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aging in the Time of Covid-19 a Qualitative Analysis: “[It’s the] first time I have felt so acutely that I am 'less' because of my age.”
Authors: Peckham Allie , Maxfield Molly , Guest M. Aaron 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Policy approaches intended to promote public health and stop the spread of COVID-19 explicitly targeted older adults. Public discourse, media coverage, and government policy during the COVID-19 pandemic perpetuated views that older adults are frail, vulnerable, and dispensable. Understanding how the framing of pandemics impacts older adults’ experiences can inform strategies to reduce ageism in the future. Methods: Participants completed an online survey that captured their experiences during COVID-19. At the end of the survey we asked participants “What else would you like to share about your experience of living through COVID-19?”. A total of 1046 individuals provided a response to an open ended question across all three waves of the survey for a total of 1700 comments included in analysis. An inductive thematic analysis of the open-ended survey responses was conducted. Results: The thematic analysis revealed implications of age-related overgeneralizations and benevolent ageism more broadly. Three broad themes were identified: prejudice that created an us versus them dynamic, framing the vulnerability of contracting COVID-19 lead to prejudice, and lastly a lack of trust in leaders and media. Overall, the results highlight that age-based public health messaging leads to feelings and experiences of prejudice and increases generational divides. We observed perceived ‘othering’ and implications for internalized age-related stereotypes. Conclusions: Both the coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic and open discourse around vulnerability when contracting COVID-19 was framed in terms of age. Experiences with age-based framing perpetuate ‘othering’ between generations and even within generations. Public health messaging and decision makers need to consider intergenerational conflict frames prior to instituting social policies.
Lipid metabolic disorders and physiological stress caused by a high-fat diet have lipid source dependent effects in juvenile black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii
Authors: Shen Yuedong , Li Xuejiao , Bao Yangguang , Zhu Tingting , Wu Zhaoxun , Yang Bingqian , Jiao Lefei , Zhou Qicun , Jin Min 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different dietary lipid sources on growth performance, lipid metabolism and physiological stress responses including oxidative stress (OS) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) of juvenile Acanthopagrus schlegelii (initial weight 0.88 ± 0.01 g) fed a high fat diet (HFD). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets containing different lipid sources were formulated: fish oil (FO), palm oil (PO), linseed oil (LO) and soybean oil (SO), respectively. Results indicated that fish fed HFD supplemented with FO significantly improved growth than SO treatment. The high concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase were found in HFD supplemented with SO. Fish fed dietary LO supplementation showed significantly lower serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein contents than those in SO group. Likewise, hepatic paraffin section analysis indicated that HFD with PO or SO supplementation increased fat drop. The expression levels of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (pparα) and silent regulator 1 (sirt1) were significantly elevated by HFD with FO or LO supplementation. Additionally, the key marker of OS malonaldehyde was significantly increased in FO and SO groups. ERS related genes were activated in dietary PO or SO supplementation and, hence, triggering inflammation and apoptosis by promoted the expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B (nf-κb) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (jnk). Overall, the present study reveals that lipid metabolic disorders and physiological stress caused by a HFD have significant lipid source dependent effects, which have important guiding significance for the use of HFD in marine fish.
Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Optical Properties of Cu-TiO2 Composite Prepared by Powder Metallurgy Technique
Authors: Eessaa Ashraf K. , Elkady Omayma A. , El-Shamy A. M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Copper is considered one of the most suitable metals with titanium dioxide (TiO2) surfaces that can achieve a great improvement in the enhancement of photocatalytic activity. The major objective of this paper is to improve the performance of Cu nanomaterials by increasing their optical activities. In this paper, TiO2 doped Cu nano-catalysts have been prepared and characterized. Cu-TiO2 powder nanocomposite is prepared by mechanical milling to achieve a high performance of the photocatalytic activity of Cu powder, which was reinforced with 10, 20, 30 & 40 wt.% TiO2. Mechanical milling was achieved by a 20:1 ball to powder ratio with 250 rpm for 20 hrs. milling time. Stearic acid was added as a Process Control Agent (PCA). In this paper, the microstructure was examined by SEM which indicates the good homogeneity between Cu & TiO2. The phase structure and phase composition were estimated by XRD. The results showed that there are no new peeks rather than Cu & TiO2 were recorded. The samples are examined using IR spectroscopy to investigate the absorption band spectra. Also, the antireflection properties were studied. According to that, the experimental results imply that the improvement of the Cu matrix nanomaterial performance can be acquired by doping it with TiO2 metal due to the optical activity being improved and moved to the visible region. The results proved also that controlling the ratio of TiO2 in copper can achieve the required film thickness and reflectivity to obtain the optimum anti-reflection layer.
The clinical value of the PRECISE-DAPT score in predicting long-term MACCE and major bleeding in acute coronary syndrome patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Celik Aykan , Esin Fatma Kayaaltı , Emren Sadık Volkan , Kırış Tuncay , Karaca Mustafa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The PRECISE-DAPT (predicting bleeding complications in patients undergoing stent implantation and subsequent dualantiplatelet therapy) score is recommended by guidelines for predicting out-of-hospital bleeding in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the long-term prognostic value of the PRECISE-DAPT score and long- term predictive value for major bleeding of this score in patients after PCI remains unclear. we aimed to investigate the performance of the PRECISE-DAPT score in predicting the long-term outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).Methods: We enrolled retrospectively 1071 ACS patients in presented study. We divided the patients into two groups according to the their PRECISE-DAPT scores: the low (PRECISE-DAPT < 25), and high (≥ 25) score groups. The bleeding endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. The ischaemic endpoints were all cause death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).Results: During the follow-up period ( median 7.3 years), the rates of MACCE (55% vs 35%, p < 0.001) and major bleeding ( 9% vs 4%, p = 0.002) were higher in high score group than in low score group. PRECISE-DAPT score was an independent predictor of MACCE in multivariate analysis (HR:1.030, 95%CI: 1.020-1.040, p < 0.001). PRECISE-DAPT score showed a moderate predictive values for both MACCE with an areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.626 (95% CI: 0.592–0.660) and major bleeding with an AUC of 0.609 (95% CI: 0.515– 0.713).Conclusions: In ACS patients underwent PCI, a high PRECISE-DAPT score was related to higher MACCE rates. PRECISE-DAPT score is useful for predicting MACCE at long-term follow-up in addition to risk stratification of bleeding.
Hyperfibrinolysis and Fibrinolysis Shutdown in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Nakae Ryuta , Murai Yasuo , Wada Takeshi , Fujiki Yu , Kanaya Takahiro , Takayama Yasuhiro , Suzuki Go , Naoe Yasutaka , Yokota Hiroyuki , Yokobori Shoji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with coagulation/fibrinolysis disorders, but the pathogenesis of hyperfibrinolysis and subsequent fibrinolysis shutdown in the acute phase of TBI is not well understood. We sought to analyze the time course of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and subsequent fibrinolysis shutdown in the acute phase, and the relationship of each to long-term outcome.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 61 consecutive cases of isolated TBI transported to the hospital within 1 h after injury. Plasma levels of the coagulation marker thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), the fibrinolysis marker D-dimer, and the fibrinolysis inhibition marker plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were measured on arrival and 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after injury. The differences in plasma TAT, D-dimer, and PAI-1 levels between the good outcome group with an extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) of 6–8 at 6 months post-injury and the poor outcome group with a GOS-E of 1–5 at 6 months post-injury were compared using a generalized linear mixed model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for coagulation and fibrinolysis at each time point.Results: Plasma TAT levels peaked at admission and decreased significantly until 1 d after injury. Plasma D-dimer levels increased significantly, peaking up to 3 h after injury, and significantly decreased up to 3 d after injury. Plasma PAI-1 levels increased significantly up to 3 h after injury, the upward trend continuing until 6 h after injury, followed by a decrease lasting until 3 d after injury. The plasma TAT, D-dimer, and PAI-1 levels were all higher in the acute phase of TBI in patients with a poor outcome than in patients with a good outcome at 6 months. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, elevated D-dimer levels from admission to 3 h after injury and elevated PAI-1 levels from 6 h to 1 d after injury were significant negative prognostic indicators.Conclusions: After TBI, hypercoagulation, fibrinolysis, and fibrinolysis shutdown were activated consecutively. Hyperfibrinolysis immediately after injury and subsequent fibrinolysis shutdown were associated with poor long-term outcome.
Default mode network connectivity as a possible biomarker for emotional self- awareness improvement in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Amiri Saba , Mirfazeli Fatemeh Sadat , Grafman Jordan , Eftekhar Mehrdad , Karimzad Nazila , Mohebbi Maryam , Mohammadsadeghi Homa , Nohesara Shabnam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by impairments in impulse control, social functioning along with a deficit in emotional awareness and empathy. In this study, nine BPD patiens filled out the demography, Interpersonal Reactive Index(IRI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale 20 (TAS 20), The Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), and the Borderline Evaluation Severity over Time (BEST) questionnaire. Default mode network (DMN) connectivity was measured using resting-state fMRI before psychodynamic psychotherapy and then every four months for a year after initiating psychotherapy. BPD patients present with aberrant DMN connectivity compared to healthy controls. Over a year of psychotherapy, the BPD patients showed both neuroimaging changes (decreasing nodal degree connection in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and increasing in other cingulate cortex regions) and behavioral improvement in their symptoms and substance use. There was also a significant positive association between the decreased nodal degree in regions of the cingulate gyrus and a decrease in the score of the TAS-20 indicating difficulty in identifying feelings after psychotherapy. In BPD, there is altered connectivity within the DMN and disruption in self-processing and emotion regulation. Psychotherapy may modify the DMN connectivity and that modification is associated with positive changes in BPD behavioral symptoms.
Effective and Reproducible Biosynthesis of Nanogold-composite Catalyst for Paracetamol Oxidation
Authors: Krbečková Veronika , Šimonová Zuzana , Langer Petr , Peikertová Pavlína , Kutláková Kateřina Mamulová , Thomasová Barbora , Plachá Daniela 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pharmaceutical products are some of the most serious emergent pollutants in the environment, especially nowadays of the covid-19 pandemic. In this study, nanogold-composite was prepared, and its catalytic activity for paracetamol degradation was investigated. Moreover, for the first time, recycled waste diatomite earth (WDE) from beer filtration was used for reproducible gold nanoparticle (Au NPs) preparation. The yeast cell debris in the WDE are responsible for Au NPs biosynthesis. The WDE served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent for crystalline spherical 30 nm Au NPs as well as acting as a direct support matrix. The conversion of paracetamol was 62% and 67% after 72 hours in the absence or presence of light irradiation, respectively, with 0.0126 h− 1 and 0.0148 h− 1 reaction rate constants. The presented study demonstrates successful use of a waste material from the food industry for the nanogold-composite preparation and its application as a promising catalyst in paracetamol removal.
Salivary orosomucoid 1 as a biomarker of hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: He Jiaoxia , Zheng Zhongling , Liu Tingting , Ao Yupei , Yang Yixuan , Hu Huaidong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Saliva is rich in proteins, DNA, RNA and microorganisms, and can be regarded as a biomarker library. In order to explore a noninvasive and simple means of early screening for liver cancer, proteomics was used to screen salivary markers of hepatitis B associated liver cancer. We used mass spectrometry coupled isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-technology to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Western blot, immunohistochemistry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect marker expression of in tissues and saliva. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of the markers was analyzed through statistical analyses. By comparing the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group with non-HCC groups, we screened out 152 salivary DEPs. We found orosomucoid 1(ORM1) had significantly higher expression in saliva of HCC patients compared with non-HCC groups (p < 0.001) and the expression of ORM1 in liver cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues(p < 0.001). The combination of salivary ORM1 and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) showed reasonable specificities and sensitivities for detecting HCC. In a word, salivary ORM1 as a new biomarker of hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma, combination of salivary ORM1 and AFP as an improved diagnostic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma.
XELOX vs FLOT in perioperative treatment of gastric cancer: randomized clinical trial in real world settings (study protocol, PECORINO trial)
Authors: Kondratskyi Yurii , Dobrzhanskyi Oleksii , Kopetskyi Viacheslav 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It requires combination of chemotherapy and surgery to achieve the longest overall survival and disease-free survival. However, chemotherapy regimens have a significant toxicity level that prevents patients from completing the entire treatment protocol.
Methods
This is a prospective randomized clinical trial aiming to assess an intolerance of chemotherapy related adverse effects in patients with resectable gastric cancer receiving perioperative XELOX and FLOT regimen. The primary endpoint is a quantity of patients who complete all the protocol treatment without any deviations. Secondary endpoints are pathological regression rate, chemotherapy toxicity profile, disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate.
Results
The results of the trial will demonstrate the proportion of patients who are able to complete protocol treatment without any deviations in real world settings and its impact on overall survival and disease-free survival rates.
Conclusion
The protocol compliance is one the main factors in successful treatment of gastric cancer. In case the compliance of chemotherapy regimen with potentially lower toxicity has bigger impact than application of three-drug scheme, it can play a significant role in real-world settings.
Analysis of the Influence of Gasoline Adulteration on Lubricant Degradation and Internal Combustion Engine Performance
Authors: Ferreira Ronaldo Lourenço , Gonçalves Aparecido Carlos , Chavarette Fábio Roberto , Outa Roberto 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In internal combustion engines, studies of the effects of fuel adulteration focus on problems that occur in the fuel system and pollutants, but little attention is paid to the lubricant. This analysis evaluates, in addition to the problems in the supply system, the early degradation of the lubricant from the physical and chemical changes it undergoes when using adulterated gasoline in an internal combustion engine. In this work, a 160cc Honda stationary engine mounted on a bench and connected to an alternator through a transmission belt was used. Fuels adulterated with ethanol, kerosene and thinner were used in proportions of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The cycles were 40 hours each, which is equivalent to approximately 2,000 km covered. To measure the engine time and rotation, a tachometer/hourmeter was used, where the time of each cycle was recorded. PQA tests, infrared spectrometer (sulfation, nitriding, oxidation and TBN) were performed, in addition to changes in engine behavior in relation to rotation. The results showed changes in rotation according to the concentration and type of contaminants. Engine wear was small for the 2,000 kilometers covered. The sulphation, nitriding, oxidation and TBN levels were altered indicating the degradation of the lubricating oil.
Manuscript title: The surgical outcomes and risk factors of giant hepatic haemangiomas: A single centre experience
Authors: Dong Zhitao , Fang Kunpeng , Sui Chengjun , Guo Junwu , Dai Binghua , Geng Li , Yang Jiamei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the safety of performing surgery on cavernous haemangiomas in the liver larger than 10 cm and establish preoperative predictors of intraoperative blood transfusion and morbidity.Methods: A total of 373 patients with haemangiomas larger than 10 cm who underwent surgery in our hospital were retrospectively analysed. According to tumour diameter, the patients were divided into a giant haemangioma (GH) group (241 cases) (10 cm ≤diameter <15 cm) and an enormous haemangioma (EH) group (132 cases) (diameter ≥15 cm). Clinical parameters were then compared between the two groups.Results: Compared with the GH group, the EH group had higher rates of leukopenia (10.6% vs. 4.5%), anaemia (26.5% vs. 15.7%), and thrombocytopenia (13.6% vs. 6.2%). The occlusion time in the EH group was longer than that in the GH group (26.33±14.10 min vs. 31.85±20.09 min, P<0.01). The blood loss and blood transfusion in the EH group were greater than those in the GH group (P<0.05). Moreover, the morbidity in the EH group was higher than that in the GH group (17.4% vs. 9.13%, P<0.05). According to the results of the multivariable analysis, the operation time and size of the haemangioma may be independent risk factors for blood transfusion (P<0.05). Additionally, the size of the haemangioma may be an independent risk factor associated with complications (P<0.05).Conclusion: Enormous haemangioma is more likely to cause haematologic abnormalities than giant hepatic haemangioma. The risks of the operation and postoperative complications of enormous haemangioma are higher than those of giant hepatic haemangioma.
Virtual Reality as a Tool for Pro-Environmental Dietary Change: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Plechatá Adéla , Morton Thomas , Perez-Cueto Federico J.A. , Makransky Guido 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As the food industry significantly contributes to global carbon emissions, studying new behavioral interventions promoting plant-based diets is crucial for mitigating climate change. This study investigates the impact of an efficacy-focused virtual reality (VR) intervention designed according to instructional design principles on eating behavior. In the preregistered intervention study, psychology students randomly assigned to nine blocks (analyzed n = 123, follow-up n = 90) were allocated to either the VR intervention (four groups) or the control (no-treatment) condition (five groups). The study employed a parallel design, and the primary outcome was the effect of the VR simulation on dietary footprint measured from one week before to one week after the intervention. The VR intervention decreased individual dietary footprints (d = 0.4) significantly more than the control condition. Similarly, response efficacy and knowledge increased to a larger extent in the VR condition compared to the control. For knowledge, the effect persisted for one week. The VR intervention had no impact on intentions, self-efficacy, or psychological distance. Additional manipulation of normative feedback enhanced self-efficacy; however, manipulation of geographical framing did not influence psychological distance. This research received no financial support from any funding agency and was registered on 15/09/2021 at Open Science Foundation with the number 10.17605/OSF.IO/2AXF3.
“I don’t hesitate to use the left-over antibiotics or if I don’t have any, I rush to my neighbours to ask for an antibiotic for my child.” Practices and experiences with antibiotic use among caregivers of paediatric patients at Zomba Central Hospital in Malawi.
Authors: Machongo Redson Biswick , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Inappropriate use of antibiotics is among the major causes of the global emergency of antibiotic resistance among children. The problem of inappropriate use of antibiotics among children is of special concern because they are still developing immunological systems, hence they are susceptible to many infectious diseases. As such, they receive a considerable disproportional amount of antibiotics which exposes them to antibiotic resistance. This study explored the lived experiences of caregivers of children under the age of five years on the use of antibiotics at Zomba central hospital. Objective: The main aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of caregivers of children under the age of five years on antibiotic usage at Zomba Central Hospital, Zomba-Malawi.Methodology This was a descriptive qualitative study with a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experience of caregivers of paediatric patients on antibiotic usage from May 2019 to July 2020. The study used interview guides to conduct in-depth interviews with 16 caregivers and purposive sampling was used to select the participants from the children’s ward. All interviews were audio-recorded and qualitative data was transcribed verbatim and was thematically analysed manually to extract major themes and concepts on the subject matter. Results: Caregivers had little knowledge about antibiotic use and its resistance. most caregivers use the antibiotics inappropriately through self-medication, use of left-over antibiotics, buying antibiotics without prescription, and sharing of antibiotics. Conclusion.Based on the findings of this study, investment in public awareness and organising community-led interventions in antibiotic use related information is key to improve the quality use of antibiotics. The Government should focus on promoting interventions that lessen the indiscriminate use of antibiotics among the caregivers. Stringent laws need to be enforced by the government to restrict the access of antibiotics to parents without a prescription.