bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tu beoð gemæccan: The Key Concept ofMaxims IRepresenting One of the Fundamental Principles of the World Order
Authors: Karasawa Kazutomo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Old English poemMaxims Ihas generally been regarded as a wisdom/catalogue poem listing miscellaneous gnomes without any major structural or thematic unity. It has also been suggested that it actually consists of three separate works, as it is divided into three in the manuscript. Against these views, this article will argue that the poet has a design and purpose in mind, and intends to produce a unified work. In listing gnomes, the poet focusses on good matches of beings or concepts, since well-matched pairs represent one of the fundamental principles in the order of the world in Biblical tradition as well as in the ‘scientific’ tradition of the time that ultimately went back to the ancient Greek theory of quaternity. Near the beginning of the work, the poet actually refers to the principle by the gnometu beoð gemæccan‘two are companions’ (l. 23b), with several clear-cut examples of well-matched pairs of beings or concepts. Various pairings of this type are dealt with throughout the work, and in order to remind the readers of this key concept, the poet inserts multiple series of short and simple gnomes listing good matches in all three parts. By this cumulative process, the poet presents truths, norms, and patterns in the Anglo-Saxon world and locates them in a wider context of the world order established by God the Creator. The thematic unity, as well as lexical, dialectal, and metrical affinities demonstrated in all three parts suggest thatMaxims Iis intended as a unified work. In fact, the three parts seem to have circulated together for a long time even before they were copied into the Exeter Book in the latter half of the tenth century.
Conventions of the Ungendered Narrative
Authors: Bhagirath Jetubhai Khuman , Ghosal Madhumita 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn ungendered narrative is a work of fiction where the gender of one or more characters remains undisclosed throughout the entire work or a significant portion of it. This lack of gender results in the deconstruction of gender, and the narrative transcends a fixed gender binary. This paper discusses the importance given to characters’ gender in the history of literature as well as the ungendered narrative’s attempt to change this importance by not gendering the characters. In addition, this paper identifies the attributes common to the select ungendered narratives, that is, how ungendered narratives are written (including the stylistic and thematic features authors employ), that may help determine whether a work of literature can be called an ungendered narrative. The ungendered narrative highlights the insignificance of gender in fiction and real life, imploring readers to stop casting judgments based on gender and sexuality, which can lead to violence, trauma, ostracism, and abandonment. This narrative’s strength calls for additional such works, and this paper provides a framework for authors who intend to create them.
Light and Divine Wisdom: An Alternative Interpretation of the Iconography of the Fuller Brooch
Authors: Teresi Loredana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Fuller Brooch is considered the earliest English representation of the five senses. The central character, representing sight, is thought to also hold one or more figurative meanings, linked to ideas and concepts that were current in King Alfred’s cultural context. These figurative meanings were presumably meant to be emphasised and clarified by the two objects this figure is holding. So far, however, these have not been satisfactorily interpreted, with most scholars tentatively identifying them as plants or cornucopias. This study makes a case for these objects to be torches, embodying the concept of light, so central in the theme of theoculi mentis‘eyes of the mind’ and in Alfred’s ideas of wisdom and learning. The relevance of divine light in the Alfredian cultural framework emerges clearly from the translations into English of theSoliloquia, of theConsolatio Philosophiaeand of theRegula pastoralis. Evidence also emerges from the iconography of theinluminatio‘illumination’ of theoculi mentisfor the acquisition of divine wisdom featuring in the Utrecht Psalter (and its later copies), and from the iconographical connection between torches, light and God that can be seen in the historiated initial of one of the hymns of the Durham Hymnal.
Pflicht oder Kür?
Authors: Geisler Felix , Mauk Lena 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Bei der gesetzlichen Pflichtablieferung von Netzpublikationen kooperiert die Badische Landesbibliothek mit der Württembergischen Landesbibliothek, dem Bibliotheksservice-Zentrum Baden-Württemberg und der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek. Entstanden sind dabei fünf innovative Dienste zur Archivierung von Amtsdruckschriften, E-Books, E-Journals, E-Papers und Websites. Diese ermöglichen es, wesentliche Teile des textbasierten digitalen Kulturerbes aus Baden zu sichern – wir berichten hier über den aktuellen Stand unserer Sammlung.
PHF8 promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in old rat with osteoporosis by regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Pan Feng , Huang Kai , Dai Hongbin , Sha Chunhe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disorder with a higher incidence in the elderly and has become a major public health concern all over the world. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. In this study, the osteoporosis animal model was established, and then rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were cultured. The results showed that PHF8 expression was decreased in osteoporosis rats compared to controls. Overexpression of PHF8 promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes. In addition, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in BMSCs was inhibited in osteoporosis rats, which was rescued by overexpression of PHF8. After treatment with the Wnt pathway antagonist, the improved osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs induced by overexpression of PHF8 was blocked. Collectively, our data revealed that the decreased expression of PHF8 in osteoporosis rats suppressed the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which was then restored by PHF8 overexpression. Furthermore, the inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in BMSCs suppressed osteogenic differentiation. Thus, these findings indicated that PHF8 plays a role in osteogenic differentiation through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Serial measurement of circulating calprotectin as a prognostic biomarker in COVID-19 patients in intensive care setting
Authors: Nevejan Louis , Strypens Thomas , Van Nieuwenhove Mathias , Boel An , Cattoir Lien , Van Vaerenbergh Kristien , Meeus Peter , Bossuyt Xavier , De Neve Nikolaas , Van Hoovels Lieve 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Circulating calprotectin (cCLP) has been shown to be a promising prognostic marker for COVID-19 severity. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of serial measurements of cCLP in COVID-19 patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods
From November 2020 to May 2021, patients with COVID-19, admitted at the ICU of the OLV Hospital, Aalst, Belgium, were prospectively included. For sixty-six (66) patients, blood samples were collected at admission and subsequently every 48 h during ICU stay. On every sample (total n=301), a cCLP (EliA™ Calprotectin 2, Phadia 200, Thermo Fisher Scientific; serum/plasma protocol (for Research Use Only, -RUO-) and C-reactive protein (CRP; cobas c501/c503, Roche Diagnostics) analysis were performed. Linear mixed models were used to associate biomarkers levels with mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, length of stay at ICU (LOS-ICU) and medication use (antibiotics, corticosteroids, antiviral and immune suppressant/modulatory drugs).

Results
Longitudinally higher levels of all biomarkers were associated with LOS-ICU and with the need for mechanical ventilation. Medication use and LOS-ICU were not associated with variations in cCLP and CRP levels. cCLP levels increased significantly during ICU hospitalization in the deceased group (n=21/66) but decreased in the non-deceased group (n=45/66). In contrast, CRP levels decreased non-significantly in both patient groups, although significantly longitudinally higher CRP levels were obtained in the deceased subgroup.

Conclusions
Serial measurements of cCLP provides prognostic information which can be useful to guide clinical management of COVID-19 patients in ICU setting.
The native speaker teacher. Theoretical considerations and practical implications
Authors: Christiansen Thomas Wulstan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we will examine the problematic concept of the native speaker, which is central to much linguistic theory, to studies of language acquisition, and to language teaching and assessment. It is a notion which can have ramifications when it comes to the recruitment of language teachers in schools and in university language centres. Often, in private language schools or in the case of language assistants in university language centres and in state schools, whether applicants can describe themselves as native speakers may even determine the fact that they are considered as qualified for a position. In recent years in many areas of linguistic research, the relevance of the native speaker has been increasingly questioned. In the case of international lingua francas, such as English, it has been argued that the contribution of non-native speakers is not to be underestimated (Kachru 1985, Seidlhofer 2005, 2011). Problems regarding the status of native speaker arise within the specific context of language teaching because the concept itself is often conflated with other issues such as language competence and the questionable advocacy of the so-called direct method. In this paper, we will look at the fundamental differences between native and non-native speakers and the place of each on assessment scales such as the CEFR (Council of Europe 2001). We will examine the arguments that have been made against treating the native speaker as the only legitimate point of reference for language teaching and assessment (Cook 1999, Rinvolucri 2001, Graddol 2007). We will also comment on the role of the native speaker in language teaching.
Bibliographical review on sustainable literacy in language learning and teaching
Authors: Molina Pilar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sustainable literacy in language learning and teaching is a relatively new area of research. The majority of volumes and articles have been published since 2010. This bibliographical review traces the main factors influencing the development of sustainable literacy in foreign language (FL) learning and teaching: ecolinguistics, the ecology movement, and environmental humanities. The author delves into the origins of education for sustainable development (ESD) in FL teaching and highlights the impact that American FL academics have had in enhancing ESD through curricular and module design. This teaching and learning enhancement is connected with the publication of the Modern Languages Association report in 2007, which called for the renovation of FL education in Higher Education due to a decrease in the number of students interested in learning languages. The article continues with a description of the main common features among the main publications. The bibliographical review ends outlining the two main edited volumes in this field.
Ethics, Dialogue and English as a Lingua Franca for ESD in Higher Education
Authors: Hämäläinen Mirja 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The urgency for education to participate in the plan of action of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SD) poses challenges to language education in university language centers. This paper discusses the potential of Higher Education (HE) language center courses to provide students with the knowledge and skills of inclusive, respectful, and equal communication needed in promoting SD and global citizenship. Education for sustainable development (ESD) in language teaching often focuses on integrating the content of SD topics into the language course. This paper focuses on the skills dimension and reports on a case study of a dialogue approach, a pedagogical method that could be central in ESD. A two-credit optional B2-C1 CEFR level university English course with the name Dialogue: Constructive Talk at Work is described to give a practical example of how to bring ethical thinking and interaction into an HE language classroom, by introducing the ethical concepts of Bohmian dialogue to students, and by creating a safe place for them to practice ethical dialogue through English as a lingua franca (ELF). The reflections of one group for this case study were analyzed to show how a dialogue approach to teaching ethical communication, interaction and collaboration can raise students’ awareness of using ELF in ethical dialogue and perhaps transform their ways of thinking and interacting. The student reflections showed that the pedagogical dialogue method has potential in developing abilities needed in ESD as well as in working life.
Reducing surface heat loss in steam boilers
Authors: Savaş Ahmet Fevzi , Kocabaş Ceyda 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, heat losses occurring on the outer surface of a steam boiler used in the distillation process in a textile company are discussed in detail. All surfaces of the boiler were scanned with a thermal camera to determine the non-insulated or poorly insulated areas. By drawing the schematic image of the boiler, the side surfaces, front cover, back cover, and parts of the smoke pipe were shown in different colors, and the temperature distributions in different parts of the boiler were revealed. Although most of the heat loss occurs on the side surfaces of the boiler, it was observed that these surfaces were already insulated. For this reason, a Pareto diagram was prepared according to the surface temperature to get an idea about where to start the improvement studies. Especially on the front and back cover surfaces, high-temperature values were measured and, it was determined that the heat loss on these surfaces was also at high levels. It was suggested that high-temperature surfaces should be covered with insulating jackets and pads, and sample applications were shown. The energy savings to be achieved and the payback period of the investment was revealed.
Zirconium-modified attapulgite was used for removing of Cr(vi) in aqueous solution
Authors: Liu Yani , Xu Lei , Wang Qingyun , Zou Tong , Cao Cheng , Fang Qiqi , Zhang Nan , Wang Yongcheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This work fabricated the zirconium-modified attapulgite (Zr@ATP) for removing Cr(vi) ions in aqueous solutions. According to X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, TEM, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, Zr was successfully grafted onto the attapulgite rod surface. Cr(vi) adsorption onto Zr@ATP surface fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, which suggested that the adsorption is primarily chemisorption. When the pH of the aqueous solution is 3, Zr@ATP achieved the highest Cr(vi) absorption, of about 32.84 mg/g. Density functional theory studies revealed that the hydroxyl functional group introduced through the modification process supplies more active sites to form the hydrogen bond with

CrO

4

2
−

{\text{CrO}}_{4}^{2-}

and

HCrO

4

−

{\text{HCrO}}_{4}^{-}

.
Deriving rainfall intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves and testing the best distribution using EasyFit software 5.5 for Kut city, Iraq
Authors: Shamkhi Mohammed S. , Azeez Marwaa K. , Obeid Zahraa H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe intensity of rainfall can be considered as an essential factor in designing and operating hydraulic structures. The intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curve is used for designing hydraulic projects such as drainage networks, road culverts, bridges, and many other hydraulic structures. In the field of water resources engineering, IDF curve is dependent widely on the plan, designing, and operating the project. Additionally, it can be used for different flood engineering structures. The purpose of this research is to get the frequency of the intensity of rain duration for Al KUTcity, Iraq, and find curves. Three essential techniques of frequency analysis (Gumbel distribution, lognormal, and log Pearson Type III) were depended to formulate this relationship based on data of rainfall intensity during the period between 1992 and 2019. Distribution methods involving lognormal, Gumbel, and log Pearson Type III were applied by Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) for short periods of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 6, 12, and 24 h with 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years return periods. The results showed that rainfall intensity reduced as the duration of the storm increased, and if the return period of the rainfall was large, rainfall of any specific duration showed a higher intensity. Using EasyFit 5.5 software, for all durations, the lognormal probability distribution showed the best fit for the data group and estimated intensities of precipitation for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. According to the obtained results, one can notice that the intensity of rainfall increased with the increment in return periods, but decreased with the increment in duration. The resulting IDF models could be used to improve accuracy and results.
Designing of a dual-functional XOR block in QCA technology
Authors: Salih Bassam A. , Majeed Ali H. , Aldhalemi Alaa A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology was proposed as a way to implement digital circuits with a transistorless approach for overcoming CMOS limitations in terms of short channel effects and scale-down continuity. The main building block in QCA technology is the square cell with a couple of free movement electrons, the electrons’ configuration inside the cell gives the cell the ability to represent binary information. Researchers were attracted to QCA because of its impressive features such as size and speed. Many important circuits, such as multiplexers and exclusive-OR, were presented in QCA technology with various layouts, looking for reducing the main metrics such as cell count, area, and implementation cost. In this work, a dual functional XOR block is proposed. The proposed block can function as a 2-input XOR or a 3-input XOR, providing greater flexibility. When compared to earlier 3-input XOR gates that did not have the dual function, the results show a significant improvement in cell count, area, and cost of about 7%, 50%, and 54%, respectively. The QCADesigner software is used to design the block as well as for verification issues.
Bayesian learners in gradient boosting for linear mixed models
Authors: Zhang Boyao , Griesbach Colin , Bergherr Elisabeth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Selection of relevant fixed and random effects without prior choices made from possibly insufficient theory is important in mixed models. Inference with current boosting techniques suffers from biased estimates of random effects and the inflexibility of random effects selection. This paper proposes a new inference method “BayesBoost” that integrates a Bayesian learner into gradient boosting with simultaneous estimation and selection of fixed and random effects in linear mixed models. The method introduces a novel selection strategy for random effects, which allows for computationally fast selection of random slopes even in high-dimensional data structures. Additionally, the new method not only overcomes the shortcomings of Bayesian inference in giving precise and unambiguous guidelines for the selection of covariates by benefiting from boosting techniques, but also provides Bayesian ways to construct estimators for the precision of parameters such as variance components or credible intervals, which are not available in conventional boosting frameworks. The effectiveness of the new approach can be observed via simulation and in a real-world application.
Performance analysis of different rating of pumping for thulium doped hybrid optical amplifier for SD-WDM system
Authors: Kumar Ghanendra , Kumar Chakresh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, impact of thulium doped optical amplifier with RAMAN-EDFA hybrid optical amplifier (HOA) has been evaluated for super dense optical communication. Further, suitable power amplification has maintained with the support of proposed triple pump power of 1050, 850, and 800 nm for getting the desired outcome in terms of gain and noise figure for the transmission distance of 150 km.
The Nusantara Capital City Project: Why Development and Human Rights Do Not Always Mix
Authors: Buana Mirza Satria , Listiningrum Prischa , Nugroho Prasetyo Adi , Marbun Ade Angelia Yusniar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article examines the Nusantara capital city project and its sociological impact on individuals and groups’ rights in the East Kalimantan regions of Penajam Paser Utara (PPU) and Kutai Kartanegara. The Nusantara Act was enacted to legalize the building of this mega-project and was finalized within a period of only 43 days. Thus, the legitimation of the Act is contentious. It is predicted that there will be widespread political, cultural, environmental and economic effects that will be likely to affect society in general and marginalized groups in particular. It raises two important questions, “what are the public rights that could potentially be breached by the Nusantara development project?” and “Is it possible to identify the influence of national and local elites on the process of promoting and legitimizing the Nusantara Act?” This article describes the concept of Nusantara as stipulated in the Act, which is linked to human rights values that are specifically related to the right to development. Based on the mentioned framework, this article finds evidence of autocratic practices in terms of the government’s efforts to acquire land for the project. It has been found that these dictatorial practices have been exacerbated by ‘cooperation’ with extractive industries and local elites. As a result, indigenous groups and the local communities in the area have suffered a loss of autonomy and land rights due to lack of legal protection within the Act.