bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Could anterior closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy be a viable option in patients with high posterior tibial slope who undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bosco Francesco , Giustra Fortunato , Giai Via Riccardo , Lavia Alessandro Dario , Capella Marcello , Sabatini Luigi , Risitano Salvatore , Cacciola Giorgio , Vezza Daniele , Massè Alessandro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) combined with anterior closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy (ACW-HTO) for posterior tibial slope (PTS) reduction to investigate the efficacy of this procedure in improving anterior knee stability and preventing graft failure in primary and revision ACLR.

Methods
A literature search was conducted in six databases (PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus). The study was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The initial screening identified 1246 studies. Each eligible clinical article was screened according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 levels of evidence (LoE), excluding clinical studies of LoE V. Quality assessment of the articles was performed using the ROBINS-I methodological evaluation. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). For the outcomes that were possible to perform a meta-analysis, a p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Five clinical studies were included in the final analysis. A total of 110 patients were examined. Pre- and post-operative clinical and objective tests that assess anteroposterior knee stability, PTS, clinical scores, and data on surgical characteristics, complications, return to sports activity, and graft failure after ACLR were investigated. A meta-analysis was conducted using R software, version 4.1.3 (2022, R Core Team), for Lysholm score and PTS outcomes. A statistically significant improvement for both these clinical and radiological outcomes (p < 0.05) after the ACW-HTO surgical procedure was found.

Conclusion
ACLR combined with ACW-HTO restores knee stability and function with satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with an anterior cruciate ligament injury associated with a high PTS and seems to have a protective effect from further ruptures on the reconstructed ACL.

Level of evidence
Level IV.
The ability of pGCD59 to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective study of non-diabetic pregnant women in Ireland
Authors: Bogdanet Delia , Castillo Michelle Toth , Doheny Helen , Dervan Louise , Luque-Fernandez Miguel Angel , Halperin Jose A. , O’Shea Paula M. , Dunne Fidelma P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aim
Even though most pregnancies are uneventful, occasionally complications do occur. Gestational diabetes is linked to an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Early identification of women at risk of experiencing adverse outcomes, ideally through a single blood test, would facilitate early intervention. Plasma glycated CD59 (pGCD59) is an emerging biomarker which has shown promise in identifying hyperglycaemia during pregnancy and has been associated with the risk of delivering an LGA infant. The aim of this study was to explore the ability of the first- and second-trimester pGCD59 to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods
This was a prospective study of 378 pregnant women. Samples for pGCD59 were taken at the first antenatal visit and at the time of the 2 h 75 g OGTT (24–28 weeks of gestation). Adjusted receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the ability of pGCD59 to predict maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Results
First-trimester pGCD59 levels were higher in women with gestational diabetes who delivered a macrosomic infant (4.2 ± 0.7 vs. 3.5 ± 1.0 SPU, p < 0.01) or an LGA infant (4.3 ± 0.3 vs. 3.6 ± 1.0 SPU, p = 0.01) compared to women with GDM that did not experience these outcomes. Second-trimester pGCD59 levels were higher in women that developed polyhydramnios (2.9 ± 0.4 vs. 2.5 ± 1.1 SPU, p = 0.03). First- and second-trimester pGCD59 predicted pregnancy-induced hypertension with good accuracy (AUC:0.85, 95%CI:0.78–0.91; AUC: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.73–0.88, respectively) and neonatal hypoglycaemia with fair to good accuracy (AUC:0.77, 95%CI: 0.54–0.99, AUC:0.81, 95%CI:0.62–0.99).

Conclusions
This study has shown that pGCD59 has the potential to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes. Prospective studies with a larger number of cases are necessary to fully explore and validate the potential of this emerging biomarker in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Corticobasal syndrome and Parkinson’s disease at the beginning: asymmetrical patterns of MRI and Blink Reflex for early diagnosis
Authors: Donzuso Giulia , Sciacca Giorgia , Luca Antonina , Cicero Calogero E. , Mostile Giovanni , Nicoletti Alessandra , Zappia Mario 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDifferential diagnosis between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) could be challenging at the early stage, due to the asymmetric onset of both diseases. Despite the clinical overlap, the anatomical circuits involved in these disorders are different. We evaluated R2 Blink Reflex Recovery Cycle (R2BRRC) and cortical thickness (CTh) in drug-naïve PD and CBS patients for characterizing pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these conditions. Patients with a clinically probable diagnosis of PD and possible CBS were recruited. R2BRRC was evaluated bilaterally at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 100–150–200–300–400–500–750 ms. Asymmetry index (AI) of R2BRRC for each ISI was computed. Patients underwent a structural brain MRI and hemisphere CTh and AI of MRI was calculated. Fourteen drug-naïve PD patients and 10 patients with early CBS diagnosis were enrolled. R2BRRC of PD patients showed an increased brainstem excitability for less affected side (LAS) stimulation at ISIs of 100 and 150 ms (p < 0.001) compared to most affected side (MAS), whereas no differences between LAS and MAS were found in CBS. AI of R2BRRC at ISI-100 ms showed significant difference, being higher in PD. CTh analysis showed significant differences between groups in hemisphere cortical volume contralateral to MAS, and, conversely, AI of MRI was significantly higher in CBS. PD patients exhibited an asymmetric pattern of brainstem excitability, compared to CBS. Conversely, CBS patients showed an asymmetric pattern of cortical atrophy. This opposite pattern of neurophysiological and structural abnormalities involving cortical and subcortical brain structures could highlight the different pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders.
Aligner therapy in adolescents: first-year results on the impact of therapy on oral health-related quality of life and oral hygiene
Authors: Sauer Mareike Kristin , Drechsler Thomas , Peron Priscilla Ferrari , Schmidtmann Irene , Ohlendorf Daniela , Wehrbein Heinrich , Erbe Christina 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this multicenter clinical study was to examine the oral health-related quality of life and oral hygiene in adolescents before and during aligner therapy.

Materials and methods
Forty subjects (18 ♀, 22 ♂; mean age: 13.6 years) scheduled for aligner therapy (Invisalign® Teen) were given oral health-related quality of life questionnaires, Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G14) and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ), to complete within their treatment (visit 1: 0 start of therapy; visit 2: 0 + 4 weeks; visit 3: 0 + 10 weeks; visit 4: 0 + 6 months; visit 5: 0 + 1 year). To assess oral hygiene, a questionnaire to take home was used, and plaque level was evaluated with the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TMQH) modified by Turesky et al.

Results
The OHIP-G14 mean score before aligner therapy was 3.3 ± 3.2, and 4.9 ± 5.4 after 1 year. The PIDAQ showed a positive psychological change in the well-being, as well as a more effective at-home oral hygiene regime. On average, the TMQH remained at a low level (grade 2 of 0–5). The initial insertion of the aligners caused the most significant changes in all parameters (except TMQH).

Conclusion
Oral health-related quality of life is only slightly affected during the first year of aligner therapy in adolescents. Oral hygiene at home is intensified and there is no increased dental plaque accumulation.

Clinical relevance
Dentofacial esthetics is a subset of the so-called Oral H-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) which should be considered more during orthodontic therapy.
Synthesis of high-quality graphene sheets via decomposition of non-condensable gases from pyrolysis of polypropylene waste using unsupported Fe, Co, and Fe–Co catalysts
Authors: Aboul-Enein Ateyya A. , Azab Mostafa A. , Haggar Ahmed M. , Awadallah Ahmed E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProducing high-quality graphene sheets from plastic waste is regarded as a significant economic and environmental challenge. In the present study, unsupported Fe, Co, and Fe–Co oxide catalysts were prepared by the combustion method and examined for the production of graphene via a dual-stage process using polypropylene (PP) waste as a source of carbon. The prepared catalysts and the as-produced graphene sheets were fully characterized by several techniques, including XRD, H2-TPR, FT-IR, FESEM, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy. XRD, TPR, and FT-IR analyses revealed the formation of high purity and crystallinity of Fe2O3 and Co3O4 nanoparticles as well as cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) species after calcining Fe, Co, and Fe–Co catalysts, respectively. The Fe–Co catalyst was completely changed into Fe–Co alloy after pre-reduction at 800 °C for 1 h. TEM and XRD results revealed the formation of multi-layered graphene sheets on the surface of all catalysts. Raman spectra of the as-deposited carbon showed the appearance of D, G, and 2D bands at 1350, 1580, and 2700 cm−1, respectively, confirming the formation of graphene sheets. Fe, Co, and Fe–Co catalysts produced quasi-identical graphene yields of 2.8, 3.04, and 2.17 gC/gcat, respectively. The graphene yield in terms of mass PP was found to be 9.3, 10.1, and 7.2 gC/100gPP with the same order of catalysts. Monometallic Fe and Co catalysts produced a mix of small and large-area graphene nanosheets, whereas the bimetallic Fe–Co catalyst yielded exclusively large-area graphene sheets with remarkable quality. The higher stability of Fe–Co alloy and its carbide phase during the growth reaction compared to the Fe and Co catalysts was the primary reason for the generation of extra-large graphene sheets with relatively low yield. In contrast, the segregation of some metallic Fe or Co particles through the growth time was responsible for the growth small-area graphene sheets.
Decentralized multi-client functional encryption for set intersection with improved efficiency
Authors: Lee Kwangsu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFunctional encryption (FE) is a new paradigm of public key encryption that can control the exposed information of plaintexts by supporting computation on encrypted data. In this paper, we propose efficient multi-client FE (MCFE) schemes that compute the set intersection of ciphertexts generated by two clients. First, we propose an MCFE scheme that calculates the set intersection cardinality (MCFE-SIC) and prove its static security under dynamic assumptions. Next, we extend our MCFE-SIC scheme to an MCFE scheme for set intersection (MCFE-SI) and prove its static security under dynamic assumptions. The decryption algorithm of our MCFE-SI scheme is more efficient than the existing MCFE-SI scheme because it requires fewer pairing operations to calculate the intersection of two clients. Finally, we propose a decentralized MCFE scheme for set intersection (DMCFE-SI) that decentralizes the generation of function keys. Our MCFE schemes can be effectively applied to a privacy-preserving contact tracing system to prevent the spread of recent infectious diseases.
Post-spawning defence by male brook charr is linked to perceived paternity
Authors: Blanchfield Paul J. , Ridgway Mark S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Salmonine fishes are generally thought not to exhibit male parental care, although brief post-spawning mate-guarding by males is known for a number of species, often for populations where eggs are subjected to intense predation (egg cannibalism). Here, detailed in situ data on the spawning behaviour of male brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis, from a naturally reproducing lake population is used to test whether post-spawning mate guarding (i.e. paternal care) is related to perceived paternity. From video records of spawning events (n = 20), we documented a novel behaviour whereby the dominant male curtails spawning ahead of the female (by ~ 3 s) and immediately inspects the nest. Afterwards, the dominant male significantly reduces courtship behaviour (quivers) but aggressively defends the female with the same intensity as prior to spawning. The duration of mate guarding (range: 3–48 min), however, declined with increasing numbers of peripheral males that had rushed into the nest at spawning. Neither the number of active females present on the spawning grounds nor male body size influenced the amount of time dominant males spent mate guarding. Extensive revisitation (80% of visits) by males to spawning sites and to females during focal sampling bouts highlights the importance of a male’s ability to predict female readiness to spawn as a significant component of reproductive success. Thus, dominant males appear to guard females at a cost of acquiring other mating opportunities and adjust the time spent guarding depending upon their perceived paternity.
How does access to water at different life-stages affect male investment in reproduction and survival?
Authors: Zhang Zhuzhi , Head Megan L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHolometabolous insects have four distinct life-stages – eggs, larvae, pupae and adults. Active resource acquisition generally occurs during either or both the larval and adult stages. Previous research on the acquisition of food resources in holometabolous insects, has shown that resources acquired during each of these life-stages can differ in how they are allocated to different traits, and how they affect fitness. In addition to food, water is also an essential resource needed for a range of biological processes that enhance fitness. Yet, how water acquired at different life-stages affects key fitness traits is still not clear. Here, we manipulated both developmental and adult water availability of male seed beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus) to explore how water acquired at each life-stage affects a range of fitness related traits, including body mass, ejaculate weight, mating behavior and lifespan. Our results indicate that the juvenile environment had little effect on body weight, ejaculate weight, ejaculate replenishment or lifespan, but did influence male mating behavior in both early and late adult life. This contrasts with the adult environment, which had strong effects on weight loss, ejaculate size and lifespan but little effect on mating behavior. Males with access to water during adulthood transferred larger ejaculates during their first mating, lost less weight as they aged, and lived longer. These results suggest that water acquired during development and adulthood are allocated differently to a variety of fitness traits across life.
Mechanical Wits Used in the America Colonization: Engineering Assessment
Authors: Dorado-Vicente R. , López-García R. , Quero-Nieves J. M. , Medina-Sánchez G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe first European settlements in the new world faced technical issues with the help of the XVI century scientific advances. Besides briefly exposing the scientific and technological situation, this paper explores, with the help of reverse engineering, two singular mechanical wits representative of the technological advances introduced in America to overcome different problems. Firstly, a pump, based on an alternative movement system through crankshafts and pistons used against the continuous flooding suffered in the Ciudad de México valley. Although flooding remained a problem (it was solved in the XX century), hydraulic pumps were essential for continuous soil drainage. Secondly, a port crane for handling cannons, military devices, and construction materials during the Lima fortification in the XVII century. For both cases, reverse engineering, through engineering methods, Computer-Aided Design CAD programs, and additive manufacturing, provides virtual and/or tangible mockups that help to analyze and improve our knowledge about the dimensions, materials, and functions of used (and currently lost) mechanical systems during the American colonization.
Gender in Technology, Engineering and Design: factors which influence low STEM subject uptake among females at third level
Authors: Kiernan Louise , Walsh Marie , White Eoin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBased on social cognitive career theory (SCCT) this study explored the barriers to females choosing STEM disciplines at post-primary level. The study firstly explored national data from all secondary schools in Ireland, to compare subject uptake at the leaving certificate cycle and discipline uptake at third level. Secondly, a focus group was conducted with students in first, third and sixth year at one of Ireland’s top ranked post primary all-female schools to gain insights into subject availability, influencing factors and decision making for subject and discipline choices.The findings show that, some of the factors from the SCCT model have greater influence on the decision making of females to pursue a STEM related discipline at third level. Examining gender disparity under one theme labelled STEM may be skewing the reality of STEM subject uptake among genders. Nationally, females are strongly represented in the science disciplines, out representing males in science and health. Females are significantly underrepresented in technology, engineering, and technology-related design fields. Many aren’t exposed to, encouraged, or informed about these subjects in secondary school. Students’ career choices are mainly influenced by STEM subject availability at second level, career guidance, access to work placements and experience, along with social persuasion from, family, friends, and role models. Some of these sources of persuasion and influence were found to be at risk from bias and perceptions around status. The combination of these barriers in turn contributed to low self-efficacy, negative perceptions, and low interest amongst some females towards some STEM subjects.
To compare the influence of blind insertion and up-down optimized glottic exposure manoeuvre on oropharyngeal leak pressure using SaCoVLM™ video laryngeal mask among patients undergoing general anesthesia
Authors: Yan Chun-ling , Zhang Yi-qi-yuan , Chen Ying , Qv Zong-yang , Zuo Ming-zhang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo compare the potential influences of blind insertion and up-down optimized glottic exposure manoeuvre on the oropharyngeal leak pressure (OPLP) in using SaCoVLM™ video laryngeal mask (VLM) among patients undergoing general anesthesia. A randomized self-control study controlled was conducted to investigate the effect of two insertion techniques on OPLP. A total of 60 patients (male or female, 18–78 years, BMI 18.0–30.0 kg m−2 and ASA I–II) receiving selective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly recruited. After induction of anesthesia, the SaCoVLM™ was inserted by blind insertion manoeuvre. The glottic exposure grading(V1) of the SaCoVLM™ visual laryngeal mask and the OPLP(P1) were recorded. And the glottic exposure grading(V2) and OPLP(P2) of SaCoVLM™ were recorded again when the glottic exposure grading was optimal. The glottis exposure grading and OPLP were compared before and after different insertion manoeuver. The glottic exposure grading (V2) obtained by using up-down optimized glottic exposure manoeuvre was better than that obtained by using blind insertion manoeuvre (V1)(P < 0.001). The OPLP was significantly lower in the blind insertion manoeuvre (P1) than in the up-down optimized glottic exposure manoeuvre (P2) (32.4 ± 5.0 cmH2O vs. 36.3 ± 5.2 cmH2O, P < 0.001). In using SaCoVLM™, higher OPLP and better glottic exposure grading were achieved through up-down optimized glottic exposure manoeuvre, protecting the airway while real-time monitoring of conditions around the glottis, which significantly improves airway safety. Our results suggests that up-down optimized glottic exposure manoeuver may be a useful technique for SaCoVLM™ insertion.Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000028802. Registered 4 January 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/ChiCTR2000028802.
Machine learning models for 180-day mortality prediction of patients with advanced cancer using patient-reported symptom data
Authors: Xu Cai , Subbiah Ishwaria M. , Lu Sheng-Chieh , Pfob André , Sidey-Gibbons Chris 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of the current study was to develop and test the performances of different ML algorithms which were trained using patient-reported symptom severity data to predict mortality within 180 days for patients with advanced cancer.

Methods
We randomly selected 630 of 689 patients with advanced cancer at our institution who completed symptom PRO measures as part of routine care between 2009 and 2020. Using clinical, demographic, and PRO data, we trained and tested four ML algorithms: generalized regression with elastic net regularization (GLM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) trees, support vector machines (SVM), and a single hidden layer neural network (NNET). We assessed the performance of algorithms individually as well as part of an unweighted voting ensemble on the hold-out testing sample. Performance was assessed using area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

Results
The starting cohort of 630 patients was randomly partitioned into training (n = 504) and testing (n = 126) samples. Of the four ML models, the XGBoost algorithm demonstrated the best performance for 180-day mortality prediction in testing data (AUROC = 0.69, sensitivity = 0.68, specificity = 0.62, PPV = 0.66, NPV = 0.64). Ensemble of all algorithms performed worst (AUROC = 0.65, sensitivity = 0.65, specificity = 0.62, PPV = 0.65, NPV = 0.62). Of individual PRO symptoms, shortness of breath emerged as the variable of highest impact on the XGBoost 180-mortality prediction (1-AUROC = 0.30).

Conclusion
Our findings support ML models driven by patient-reported symptom severity as accurate predictors of short-term mortality in patients with advanced cancer, highlighting the opportunity to integrate these models prospectively into future studies of goal-concordant care.
Religious Hinges: Some Historical Precursors
Authors: Boncompagni Anna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecently, hinge epistemologists have applied Wittgenstein’s metaphor of hinges to religious belief. The most prominent proposal in this context is Pritchard’s “quasi-fideism”. This paper examines some historical precursors of the notion of religious hinges, with the aim of shedding more light on it. After outlining the framework of hinge epistemology and its application to religious belief, I briefly examine the views of Thomas Reid and John Henry Newman as acknowledged forerunners of this framework (or cognate views). Next, I turn to two hitherto unacknowledged forerunners, the pragmatists William James and Charles S. Peirce. I then focus on some insights that the pragmatists offer. On this basis, I conclude that religious beliefs are a special class of hinges. As such, while they can be defended through hinge epistemology, they cannot constitute a model through which we can interpret the nature of hinges in general.