bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State Capitalism in India
Authors: Chandra Rohit , Chatterjee Elizabeth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Despite three decades of gradual liberalization, state intervention in the Indian economy remains extensive but substantively different from the old central planning. The state has moved away from the direct ownership model in many industrial sectors. Nonetheless, large state-owned enterprises (SOEs) still dominate key sectors such as energy and infrastructure, and the state continues to intervene heavily in many other sectors using its control of credit, land, and natural resources. This chapter surveys these changes, examining the reinvention of SOEs in the liberalization era. It uses firm-level case studies from the electricity, coal, and aviation sectors to explain variation in SOE performance, showing this to be inextricable from the political economies in which individual firms are embedded. SOEs have thrived when entrepreneurial bureaucrats have been able to leverage their firms’ political influence and access to lucrative resources. They have fared much less well when managers lacked the resources to resist political pressures or the entry of privately owned rivals. Finally, the chapter assesses new tools of state intervention, especially the channeling of state resources to favored private firms and the slow-burning economic crisis this has precipitated since 2012. Overall, the political and economic coherence of Indian state capitalism as a system should not be overstated, illustrating the difficulties of governing state capitalism in a fractious federal democracy.
What’s Wrong with Trolling?
Authors: Roache Rebecca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is clear what is wrong with online trolling when it involves behavior—such as harassment, bullying, and libel—against which there are already established norms in the offline world. It is less clear what is wrong with trolling when it involves behavior that we do not usually encounter offline. Examples of such behaviour—which I call low-key trolling—include joining and disrupting other people’s conversations, name-calling, and deliberately annoying others. Drawing on Joel Feinberg’s work on offence, and on the literature on silencing and epistemic injustice, I sketch an ethical framework according to which we can evaluate and critique low-key trolling. I argue that low-key trolling is wrong because of its effects on the people trolled; effects which are disproportionately felt by people from vulnerable and oppressed groups.
Commonplacing, Making Miscellanies, and Interpreting Literature
Authors: Burke Victoria E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses women’s participation in commonplace book culture and miscellany making, arguing that women’s manuscript compilations can offer unique insights into how early modern women responded to and created discourse. After defining commonplace books and miscellanies, the chapter describes recent research into female readers of John Donne’s poetry. Compilers show evidence of interpreting poetry as they copied it, whether in their choice and ordering of poems and extracts, or in aesthetic ‘improvements’ to them, which raises the issue of early modern women’s interpretation of the writing they read, and scholars’ interpretation of these choices. Scholars can wish to see creative engagement in the compilers they study, but sometimes neither the reasons for particular decisions, nor the gender of a compiler, can be established. Many women in the period did find that this mode of responding to literature and religious texts made a space where constraint could turn into creation.
The World of Recipes: Intellectual Culture in and around the Seventeenth-Century Household
Authors: Wall Wendy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
How was the early modern English household a space of intellectual ferment and exchange? This chapter focuses on how one specific archive of domestic writing—manuscript and printed recipes—enables scholars to refine our understanding of knowledge production in seventeenth-century England. The chapter discusses the competing modes in which printed recipes in the long seventeenth-century appeared. Analysing manuscript recipes involving women across the social spectrum, we see how the making of the recipe collection was also a significant textual, material, and intellectual activity. Recipes prove important for early modern scholars as we refine previous claims about domesticity’s ideological function. This chapter explores how household practice and its textual record offered women opportunities for the negotiation of national and class identities. Imitating courtly food rituals might express social aspirations or consolidate fragile elite status. Recipe writing thus reveals unacknowledged ways that women across the social spectrum investigated and shaped their material worlds.
Early Modern Women in Print and Margaret Cavendish, Woman in Print
Authors: Blake Liza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the numerous print publications of Margaret Cavendish, showing that her printed books are not singular monuments to a singular genius, but collaborative objects designed and executed by Cavendish with the help of an active network of ‘print collaborators’: printers, binders, secretaries, and friends who produced and distributed her printed works. Though Cavendish is exceptional in many ways, her unusual relationship to print helps us to rethink the typical ways we conceptualise women’s writing in early modernity. Her decidedly not-for-profit print practices invite us to consider other reasons for going into print. Although Cavendish presents herself to the world as a singular, monumental author, she exists at the centre of a network of her print collaborators, all of whom ensured the survival of her hybrid books to the present day—and which books still show traces of the print networks of which she was a part.
‘At My Petition’
Authors: Osherow Michele 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter attends to a 1665 needlework picture of the Book of Esther, part of the textile collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum, to demonstrate how women's biblical embroidery functions as biblical commentary. This needlework is one of many extant renderings of the narrative; in fact, Queen Esther was the most popular biblical heroine featured in seventeenth-century domestic embroidery. Stitched Esthers do more than present a model of feminine virtue: this Esther communicates readings of character and narrative that counter dominant interpretations. Increasingly, scholars attending to early modern women have recognised ways women’s textiles are akin to women’s texts. The museum’s Esther announces a keen reading of biblical text and underscores a connection between biblical language and embroidered image. The Book of Esther relies on an abundance of structural and linguistic patterns to bolster its themes, and the needleworker astutely translates these patterns onto her visual display.
Reception, Reputation, and Afterlives
Authors: Coolahan Marie-Louise 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Which early modern female authors were read, and how? How did early modern women writers achieve reputations in the early modern period? These questions are central to this chapter, which brings together theoretical and methodological developments at the intersection of reception studies and early modern women’s writing. The chapter’s focal example is the RECIRC project, which aimed to produce a large-scale quantitative analysis of the reception and circulation of women’s writing from 1550 to 1700. The project is positioned within a wider context of emerging digital projects concerned with the history of reading and reception. Driven by the research questions with which it opens, the chapter takes an expansive view of reception, arguing that a capacious set of activities constitutes engagement with a female author’s work. The discussion concludes by considering literary history—our critical work today as well as that of earlier generations and contemporary readers—as reception.
Early Modern Women, Race, and Writing Revisited
Authors: Andrea Bernadette 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter refutes the sidelining of premodern critical race studies within early modern women’s studies and urges premodern critical race studies scholars to integrate into their analyses (and not simply mention) historical women’s cultural productions. The chapter begins with Margo Hendricks’ ‘state of the field’ essays, where she adjudicates ‘the epistemology of race in the period’ and engages with ‘feminist historiography’. It cites Kim Hall’s articulation of ‘a semiotics of race’ for assessing Renaissance culture and Joyce Green MacDonald’s diachronic-dialogic approach to ‘the intersection of race, gender, and performance’ from the early modern era to now. It proceeds to Hendricks’, Hall’s, and MacDonald’s explications of early modern English women’s writing and their excavations of subaltern women’s agency as English colonialism intensified over the course of the seventeenth century. The chapter concludes with Elysabeth Grace’s Daughters of Saria romance series, where she builds on these investigations to imagine reparations on a cosmic scale.
Latin and Greek
Authors: Stevenson Jane 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Early modern women’s use of Latin and Greek changed dramatically over time and knowledge of Latin was always far more prevalent than knowledge of Greek. The first generation of women humanists were active in the 1520s and closely associated with the court, such as Sir Thomas More’s daughter Margaret or Lady Jane Grey. High-profile learned women, such as the Cooke sisters, flourished throughout the reign of Elizabeth I and sometimes performed diplomatic duties. This changed in the seventeenth century, when French, not Latin, became the principal diplomatic language. While Latin ceased to be cultivated at court, humanist studies were pursued by a variety of gentlewomen. This chapter assesses the ways in which women used Latin and Greek to engage in early modern literary culture.
In vitrotranscriptomic analyses reveal pathway perturbations, estrogenic activities, and potencies of data-poor BPA alternative chemicals
Authors: Matteo Geronimo , Leingartner Karen , Rowan-Carroll Andrea , Meier Matthew , Williams Andrew , Beal Marc A , Gagné Matthew , Farmahin Reza , Wickramasuriya Shamika , Reardon Anthony J F , Barton-Maclaren Tara , Christopher Corton J , Yauk Carole L , Atlas Ella 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSince initial regulatory action in 2010 in Canada, bisphenol A (BPA) has been progressively replaced by structurally related alternative chemicals. Unfortunately, many of these chemicals are data-poor, limiting toxicological risk assessment. We used high-throughput transcriptomics to evaluate potential hazards and compare potencies of BPA and 15 BPA alternative chemicals in cultured breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cells were exposed to BPA and 15 alternative chemicals (0.0005–100 µM) for 48 h. TempO-Seq (BioSpyder Inc) was used to examine global transcriptomic changes and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-associated transcriptional changes. Benchmark concentration (BMC) analysis was conducted to identify 2 global transcriptomic points of departure: (1) the lowest pathway median gene BMC and (2) the 25th lowest rank-ordered gene BMC. ERα activation was evaluated using a published transcriptomic biomarker and an ERα-specific transcriptomic point of departure was derived. Genes fitting BMC models were subjected to upstream regulator and canonical pathway analysis in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Biomarker analysis identified BPA and 8 alternative chemicals as ERα active. Global and ERα transcriptomic points of departure produced highly similar potency rankings with bisphenol AF as the most potent chemical tested, followed by BPA and bisphenol C. Further, BPA and transcriptionally active alternative chemicals enriched similar gene sets associated with increased cell division and cancer-related processes. These data provide support for future read-across applications of transcriptomic profiling for risk assessment of data-poor chemicals and suggest that several BPA alternative chemicals may cause hazards at similar concentrations to BPA.
Adjustments in case of overweight and obesity to the WHO tablet pole for praziquantel administration
Authors: Montresor Antonio , Mwinzi Pauline , Garba Amadou 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThe WHO tablet pole was developed in 2001 to facilitate the distribution of praziquantel in large-scale treatment campaigns for the control of schistosomiasis. Although a number of field studies have confirmed the accuracy of the tool in normal individuals, some studies have demonstrated that overweight and obese individuals are underdosed. This article proposes an adjustment in the number of praziquantel tablets for treatment of individuals who are overweight or obese according to their body mass index. We demonstrate that by adding an extra tablet of praziquantel to that indicated by the WHO tablet pole, the tool provides the appropriate number of tablets for treatment of overweight and obese individuals. We also propose a pictogram be included in the instructions for use of the WHO tablet pole.
Pain severity at emergency department discharge as a predictor for chronification of pain
Authors: ten Doesschate Stephanie F.H. , Kuijper T. Martijn , Koopman Seppe S.H.A. , Mol Sander , Colen-Kroon Linda , Brown Vanessa V. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Inadequate pain management remains a problem in the emergency department (ED) and might increase the risk of chronic pain. Previous studies suggested that pain intensity is associated with pain chronification in specific patient groups. This study aims to study the association between pain intensity {[verbal] numeric rating scale ([V]NRS) ≥ 7} at discharge from the ED and pain chronification in the general population.

Objective:
To assess whether a high pain score at discharge from the ED increases the risk of chronic pain development.

Methods:
Adults who visited the ED with pain as their main complaint, and who were not hospitalized, were eligible for inclusion. Chronic pain was defined as pain with an (V)NRS score ≥1 90 days after the ED visit and with a similar location to the acute pain.

Results:
We included 1906 patients, of whom 825 participants completed 90 days of follow-up. Approximately 34.1% left the ED with an (V)NRS score ≥7, and 67.8% reported an (V)NRS score of ≥1 90 at days. Of all patients leaving the ED with an (V)NRS score ≥7, 76.5% developed chronic pain vs 63.2% of patients with (V)NRS score <7 (P < 0.01). After correction, this difference was borderline statistically significant with an odds ratio of 1.45 (95% confidence interval: 0.99–2.13, P = 0.054). Various sensitivity analyses using a different (V)NRS at discharge and different definitions of chronic pain at 90 days showed a significant difference in the chronification of pain.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that pain intensity at discharge from the ED, regardless of the localization or cause of pain, increased the risk of developing chronic pain. By distinguishing patients at risk and providing an effective treatment, chronic pain and the associated burden of disease might be preventable.
Course Review: Lessons Learned by MY Plastic Surgery Course 2022
Authors: Gundle Leo , Rosen Harry 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Plastic surgery is a surgical speciality, which typically receives little attention during medical school. Students and newly qualified doctors may therefore wish to develop skills and knowledge within the field of plastic surgery to mitigate a lack of undergraduate exposure. The MY Plastic Surgery Course–Essential Plastic Surgery Skills for Junior Doctors is a course aimed at this cohort; it is a 2-day course based in Yorkshire, organized by plastic surgeons, and covers a broad range of foundational skills in plastic surgery.
We present an outline and assessment of the 2022 course, as well as discussing the extent to which it has improved and developed on feedback published in 2021.
Overall, the authors found that this course was an excellent introduction to plastic surgery, and we recommend it to medical professionals interested in this surgical speciality.
Sodium channel-inhibiting drugs and cancer-specific survival: a population-based study of electronic primary care data
Authors: Fairhurst Caroline , Martin Fabiola , Watt Ian , Bland Martin , Doran Tim , Brackenbury William J. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesAntiepileptic and antiarrhythmic drugs inhibit voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels (VGSCs), and preclinical studies show that these medications reduce tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. We investigated the association between VGSC inhibitor use and survival in breast, bowel and prostate cancer patients.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingIndividual electronic primary healthcare records extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).ParticipantsRecords for 132,996 patients with a diagnosis of breast, bowel or prostate cancer.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAdjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyse cancer-specific survival associated with exposure to VGSC inhibitors. Exposure to non-VGSC-inhibiting antiepileptic medication and other non-VGSC blockers were also considered. Drug exposure was treated as a time-varying covariate to account for immortal time bias.ResultsDuring 1,002,225 person-years of follow-up, there were 42,037 cancer-specific deaths. 53,724 (40.4%) cancer patients had at least one prescription for a VGSC inhibitor of interest. Increased risk of cancer-specific mortality was associated with exposure to this group of drugs (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.56-1.63, p<0.001). This applied to VGSC-inhibiting tricyclic antidepressants (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.50-1.65, p<0.001), local anaesthetics (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.43-1.55, p<0.001) and anticonvulsants (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.34-1.48, p<0.001), and persisted in sensitivity analyses. In contrast, exposure to VGSC-inhibiting Class 1c and 1d antiarrhythmics was associated with significantly improved cancer-specific survival (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64-0.88, p<0.001 and HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33-0.88, p=0.01, respectively).ConclusionsAssociation between VGSC inhibitor use and mortality in cancer patients varies according to indication. Exposure to VGSC-inhibiting antiarrhythmics, but not anticonvulsants, supports findings from preclinical data, with improved survival. However, additional confounding factors may underlie these associations, highlighting the need for further study.Strengths and limitations of this studyPrimary care research data with large sample size and statistical power.No direct information on metastasis as an outcome.Drug exposure data are based on prescriptions.Drug exposure is treated as a time-varying covariate to account for immortal time bias.
Increase in the Rate of Gut Carriage of Fluoroquinolone-ResistantEscherichia colidespite a Reduction in Antibiotic Prescriptions
Authors: Tchesnokova Veronika , Larson Lydia , Basova Irina , Sledneva Yulia , Choudhury Debarati , Solyanik Thalia , Heng Jennifer , Bonilla Teresa Christina , Pham Sophia , Schartz Ellen M. , Madziwa Lawrence T. , Holden Erika , Weissman Scott J. , Ralston James D. , Sokurenko Evgeni V. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundFluoroquinolone use for urinary tract infections has been steadily declining. Gut microbiota is the main reservoir for uropathogenicEscherichia colibut whether the carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistantE. colihas been changing is unknown.MethodsWe determined the frequency of isolation and other characteristics ofE. colinonsuceptible to fluoroquinolones (at ≥0.5 mg/L of ciprofloxacin) in 515 and 1605E. coli-positive fecal samples collected in 2015 and 2021, respectively, from non-antibiotic-taking women of age 50+ receiving care in the Seattle area Kaiser Permanente Washington healthcare system.ResultsBetween 2015 and 2021 the prescription of fluoroquinolones dropped nearly three-fold in the study population. During the same period, the rates of gut carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistantE. coliincreased from 14.4 % to 19.9% (P=.005), driven by a significant increase of isolates from the recently emerged, pandemic multi-drug resistant clonal group ST1193 (1.7% to 4.3%; P=.007) and those with an incomplete set of or no fluoroquinolone-resistance determining mutations (2.3% to 7.5%; P<.001). While prevalence of the resistance-associated mobile genes among the isolates dropped from 64.1% to 32.6% (P<.001), co-resistance to third generation cephalosporins has increased 21.5% to 33.1%, P=.044).ConclusionDespite reduction in fluoroquinolone prescriptions, gut carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistant uropathogenicE. coliincreased with a rise of previously sporadic lineages and co-resistance to third generation cephalosporins. Thus, to reduce the rates of antibiotic resistant urinary tract infections, greater focus should be on controlling the gut carriage of resistant bacteria.Short summaryWhile prescription of fluoroquinolones dropped between 2015 and 2021, there was an increase in gut carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistantEscherichia coliamong women of age 50+. Also, a rise of new resistant lineages and co-resistance to 3rdgeneration cephalosporins occurred.
Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccines
Authors: Liu Shaojun , Tsun Joseph GS , Fung Genevieve PG , Lui Grace CY , Chan Kathy YY , Chan Paul KS , Chan Renee WY 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmunity acquired from natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine wanes overtime. This longitudinal prospective study compared the effect of a booster vaccine (BNT162b2) in inducing the mucosal (nasal) and serological antibody between Covid-19 recovered patients and healthy unexposed subjects with two dose of mRNA vaccine (vaccine-only group).MethodEleven recovered patients and eleven gender-and-age matched unexposed subjects who had mRNA vaccines were recruited. The SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 (S1) protein specific IgA, IgG and the ACE2 binding inhibition to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and omicron (BA.1) variant receptor binding domain were measured in their nasal epithelial lining fluid and plasma.ResultIn the recovered group, the booster expanded the nasal IgA dominancy inherited from natural infection to IgA and IgG. They also had a higher S1-specific nasal and plasma IgA and IgG levels with a better inhibition against the omicron BA.1 variant and ancestral SARS-CoV-2 when compared with vaccine-only subjects. The nasal S1-specific IgA induced by natural infection lasted longer than those induced by vaccines while the plasma antibodies of both groups maintained at a high level for at least 21 weeks after booster.ConclusionThe booster benefited all subjects to obtain neutralizing antibody (NAb) against omicron BA.1 variant in plasma while only the Covid-19 recovered subjects had an extra enrichment in nasal NAb against Omicron BA.1 variant.