bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safe and Standard Thyroid Cancer Surgery, or Lack Thereof: Patterns and Correlates of Patient Referral to Tertiary Care Centre for Revision Thyroid Surgery in a LMIC
Authors: Barua Sunil Malla Bujar , Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Aggarwal Vivek , Mishra Anjali , Mishra Saroj Kanta , Chand Gyan , Agarwal Gaurav , Agarwal Amit 
Published: April 2022

Background A surgeon's characteristics such as volume and practice setup are essential elements in outcome of thyroid cancer. However, little information is available from the developing world regarding qualities of primary surgeon, such as level of knowledge, skill, and proper documentation while referring to higher center.
Methods Records of 164 patients of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) from January 1990 to December 2018 undergoing revision thyroid surgery following primary surgery elsewhere were retrospectively analyzed.
Results Out of 164 patients with postoperative diagnosis of DTC, referral patterns were as follows: low volume (LV) to high volume (HV) (n = 120, 73.2%), followed by HV to HV (n = 44, 26.8%). The primary surgery assessed by the extent of residual disease was in agreement with the documentation in only 55%. The type of thyroidectomy performed was not mentioned in 9.8%. The status of the parathyroid glands was mentioned only in 15.8% and recurrent laryngeal nerve in 12.2%. Less than recommended surgery was performed in 52.5% patients. Despite less than recommended surgery, 44.5% patients were directly referred for radioactive iodine ablation (RAIA). Thirty two percent patients were referred for RAIA after hemithyroidectomy. Central or lateral compartment lymphadenectomy, even after indication, was less likely at LV centers (risk ratio [RR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64–0.77). Similarly, for DTC patients, the relationship between LV center surgery and subsequent referral for RAIA was RR, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.48–1.02).
Conclusions Most patients referred from LV surgeons are less likely to have proper thyroidectomy, have inadequate documentation of the primary surgery, and are referred for RAIA after less than total thyroidectomy. Our study highlights the lacunae in the approach to and understanding of thyroid cancer surgery by secondary care physicians in our country. We believe that there is an urgent necessity of educational reform and training to rectify this problem.
Abnormal Movement Following Transcobalamin II Deficiency Treatment Responding to Clonazepam: A Case Report
Authors: AlFaris Haya Salman , AlJefri Abdullah Hussain , Alsowat Daad Khalaf 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTranscobalamin II (TCII) is a transporter protein that facilitates cobalamin release from the bloodstream to the cell. Deficiency in TCII is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in the TCN2 gene. Treatment with intramuscular injection of hydroxocobalamin is greatly effective in improving the symptoms of this disorder. However, abnormal involuntary movements can occur and have been reported in patients with cobalamin deficiency caused by nutritional deficiency. Though, it is rarely associated with the treatment of hereditary TCII deficiency. Here, we report such a case, aiming to alert practitioners treating hereditary TCII deficiency. A 2-year-old boy born to a consanguineous parents presented with failure to thrive, recurrent infection, and pancytopenia. His condition deteriorated rapidly, and his investigation was remarkable for pancytopenia, elevated methylmalonic acid, and myelodysplastic changes in the bone marrow. A flash whole-exome sequence confirmed the diagnosis of TCII deficiency. The patient began treatment with IM hydroxocobalamin, and on the second day, he developed an abnormal involuntary movement that was abated by clonazepam. Abnormal nonepileptic movements following IM hydroxocobalamin in a patient with TCII deficiency shows a remarkable response to clonazepam.
Redução precoce de tálus em extrusão aberta: Relato de caso
Authors: Sánchez Carlos A. , Gutierrez Daniela , Mendoza Whendy A. , Niño Manuel E. 
Published: April 2022

ResumoA luxação do tálus é uma lesão infrequente e com desfechos variáveis em relatos e séries de casos. Sua epidemiologia ainda não foi esclarecida, pois a lesão é descrita de diferentes formas: extrusão completa do tálus, luxação fechada ou aberta, luxação aberta com fratura do tálus, ou luxação aberta com fratura de maléolo. Tais classificações limitam a possibilidade de avaliação desta lesão como uma patologia única. Também não há consenso sobre o melhor tratamento para a luxação do tálus. Diversas técnicas de tratamento foram descritas, inclusive reimplante com e sem fixação externa, osteossíntese precoce, e até mesmo talectomia e pseudoartrodese tibiocalcânea precoces. Os desfechos desse tipo de lesão podem variar tanto quanto as opções terapêuticas. Entre as complicações no primeiro ano após a lesão, estão necrose avascular (NAV) e osteoartrite pós-traumática precoce. Este trabalho relata o desfecho funcional e radiológico adequado um ano após a redução precoce de uma extrusão completa do tálus com osteossíntese de uma fratura do maléolo medial.
The influence of a solvent environment on direct non-covalent interactions between two molecules: A symmetry-adapted perturbation theory study of polarization tuning of π–π interactions by water
Authors: Sirianni Dominic A. , Zhu Xiao , Sitkoff Doree F. , Cheney Daniel L. , Sherrill C. David 
Published: April 2022

High-level quantum chemical computations have provided significant insight into the fundamental physical nature of non-covalent interactions. These studies have focused primarily on gas-phase computations of small van der Waals dimers; however, these interactions frequently take place in complex chemical environments, such as proteins, solutions, or solids. To better understand how the chemical environment affects non-covalent interactions, we have undertaken a quantum chemical study of π–π interactions in an aqueous solution, as exemplified by T-shaped benzene dimers surrounded by 28 or 50 explicit water molecules. We report interaction energies (IEs) using second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory, and we apply the intramolecular and functional-group partitioning extensions of symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (ISAPT and F-SAPT, respectively) to analyze how the solvent molecules tune the π–π interactions of the solute. For complexes containing neutral monomers, even 50 explicit waters (constituting a first and partial second solvation shell) change total SAPT IEs between the two solute molecules by only tenths of a kcal mol−1, while significant changes of up to 3 kcal mol−1 of the electrostatic component are seen for the cationic pyridinium–benzene dimer. This difference between charged and neutral solutes is attributed to large non-additive three-body interactions within solvated ion-containing complexes. Overall, except for charged solutes, our quantum computations indicate that nearby solvent molecules cause very little “tuning” of the direct solute–solute interactions. This indicates that differences in binding energies between the gas phase and solution phase are primarily indirect effects of the competition between solute–solute and solute–solvent interactions.
Rheological model for the alpha relaxation of glass-forming liquids and its comparison to data for DC704 and DC705
Authors: Hecksher Tina , Olsen Niels Boye , Dyre Jeppe C. 
Published: April 2022

Dynamic shear-modulus data are presented for two silicone oils DC704 and DC705 for frequencies between 1 mHz and 10 kHz at temperatures covering more than five decades of relaxation-time variation. Data are fitted to the alpha part of a phenomenological model previously shown to describe well the dynamic shear modulus of squalane, which has a large beta process [Hecksher et al., J. Chem. Phys. 146, 154504 (2017)]. That model is characterized by additivity of the alpha and beta shear compliance and by a high-frequency decay of the alpha process in proportion to ω−1/2, where ω is the angular frequency. The fits of the alpha part of this model to the DC704 and DC705 data are compared to fits by a Havriliak–Negami type model, a Barlow–Erginsav–Lamb model, and a Cole–Davidson type model. At all temperatures, the best fit is obtained by the alpha part of the squalane model. This strengthens the conjecture that so-called t-relaxation, leading to high-frequency loss decays proportional to ω−1/2, is generic to the alpha relaxation of supercooled liquids [J. C. Dyre, Phys. Rev. E 74, 021502 (2006); Nielsen et al., J. Chem. Phys. 130, 154508 (2009); and Pabst et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 12, 3685–3690 (2021)].
Computer simulation investigation of the adsorption of acetamide on low density amorphous ice. An astrochemical perspective
Authors: Balbisi Mirjam , Horváth Réka A. , Szőri Milán , Jedlovszky Pál 
Published: April 2022

The adsorption of acetamide on low density amorphous (LDA) ice is investigated by grand canonical Monte Carlo computer simulations at the temperatures 50, 100, and 200 K, characteristic of certain domains of the interstellar medium (ISM). We found that the relative importance of the acetamide–acetamide H-bonds with respect to the acetamide–water ones increases with decreasing temperature. Thus, with decreasing temperature, the existence of the stable monolayer, characterizing the adsorption at 200 K, is gradually replaced by the occurrence of marked multilayer adsorption, preceding even the saturation of the first layer at 50 K. While isolated acetamide molecules prefer to lay parallel to the ice surface to maximize their H-bonding with the surface water molecules, this orientational preference undergoes a marked change upon saturation of the first layer due to increasing competition of the adsorbed molecules for H-bonds with water and to the possibility of their H-bond formation with each other. As a result, molecules stay preferentially perpendicular to the ice surface in the saturated monolayer. The chemical potential value corresponding to the point of condensation is found to decrease linearly with increasing temperature. We provide, in analogy with the Clausius–Clapeyron equation, a thermodynamic explanation of this behavior and estimate the molar entropy of condensed phase acetamide to be 34.0 J/mol K. For the surface concentration of the saturated monolayer, we obtain the value 9.1 ± 0.8 µmol/m2, while the heat of adsorption at infinitely low surface coverage is estimated to be −67.8 ± 3.0 kJ/mol. Our results indicate that the interstellar formation of peptide chains through acetamide molecules, occurring at the surface of LDA ice, might well be a plausible process in the cold (i.e., below 50 K) domains of the ISM; however, it is a rather unlikely scenario in its higher temperature (i.e., 100–200 K) domains.
Structural and functional insight into mismatch extension by human DNA polymerase α
Authors: Baranovskiy Andrey G. , Babayeva Nigar D. , Lisova Alisa E. , Morstadt Lucia M. , Tahirov Tahir H. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Despite the important role of human DNA polymerase α (Polα) in genome mutagenesis, there are no structural studies of Polα infidelity. The functional studies are sparse, lack high-resolution approaches, and are performed at a low salt concentration. Here we report the structure of the human Polα catalytic domain in the complex with an incoming deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and the template:primer containing a T-C mismatch at the growing primer terminus. Pre-steady-state and binding kinetics conducted at a physiological salt concentration revealed that Polα has a remarkably lower affinity to DNA and deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) than reported previously. Strikingly, we found that the incoming dNTP plays a crucial role in Polα interaction with DNA and in discrimination against a mismatched template:primer. This work is important for understanding the mechanism of Polα infidelity and provides a foundation for future studies.
Tumor FAK orchestrates immunosuppression in ovarian cancer via the CD155/TIGIT axis
Authors: Ozmadenci Duygu , Shankara Narayanan Jayanth S. , Andrew Jacob , Ojalill Marjaana , Barrie Allison M. , Jiang Shulin , Iyer Samhita , Chen Xiao Lei , Rose Michael , Estrada Valeria , Molinolo Alfredo , Bertotto Thomas , Mikulski Zbigniew , McHale Michael C. , White Rebekah R. , Connolly Denise C. , Pachter Jonathan A. , Kuchroo Vijay K. , Stupack Dwayne G. , Schlaepfer David D. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is an immunotherapy-resistant lethal cancer. An HGSOC hallmark is elevated checkpoint pathway ligand expression that limits antitumor immune responses. Computational, preclinical, and patient tumor multiplexed analyses revealed that tumor-associated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation regulates CD155 expression, a checkpoint ligand for TIGIT (T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains). Using an aggressive mouse ovarian tumor model, we find that combined oral FAK inhibitor plus function-blocking TIGIT antibody immunotherapy reduced tumor burden, prolonged mouse survival, and led to immune cell activation and tertiary lymphoid structure formation, hallmarks of an antitumor immune response. As FAK is commonly overexpressed in HGSOC tumors, targeting FAK and TIGIT may limit tumor immune evasion.
Listener perceptions of customer service agents’ performance
Authors: Tsunemoto Aki , McAndrews Mark , Trofimovich Pavel , Friginal Eric 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study investigated listener-based assessment of the job performance of second language (L2) speakers employed
as customer service agents in outsourced foreign-based call centers, focusing on agents’ job performance as a function of the
comprehensibility, fluency, and accentedness of their speech. Using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk crowdsourcing platform, 116 native
English-speaking listeners evaluated two-minute recordings of actual customer service conversations featuring 18 Filipino agents,
assessing them for three global speech dimensions (comprehensibility, accentedness, and fluency) and three performance indicators,
including agents’ confidence, competence, and listeners’ interest in future communication with agents (a measure capturing
customer patronage). Comprehensibility and fluency consistently predicted how the listeners assessed the agents on all job
performance scales, and accentedness was additionally associated with how strongly the listeners wished to communicate with the
agents. Findings generally highlight the importance of fluent and comprehensible L2 speech in workplace settings.
Collective fear and social representations of COVID-19. The role of the original ‘reasons’ for the fear object (Miedo colectivo y representaciones sociales de la COVID-19. El rol de las ‘razones’ originales para el objeto de miedo)
Authors: Tavani Jean-Louis , Delouvée Sylvain , Rateau Patrick 
Published: April 2022

Based on a taxonomy of collective fears, the objective of the study ( N = 1,144) was to analyse how the original reasons attributed to an object of fear play a role in collective angst and to study how these attributions are linked to differentiated social representations of the object. The results show that the underlying reasons (human vs. non-human; intentional vs. unintentional) organize the socio-representational field of the coronavirus. Moreover, the fact of considering the viral epidemic as reversible (vs. irreversible) also plays a role in the socio-representational universe of individuals. Finally, we observe that the attribution of a human origin to the virus is linked to greater collective angst than an attribution to a natural origin. These first results show that it is important to focus on the attribution of the origin of objects of fear in order to understand its consequences in terms of social representations and collective angst.
Pelvic elevation induces vertical kinetic energy without losing horizontal energy during running single‐leg jump for distance
Authors: Sado Natsuki , Yoshioka Shinsuke , Fukashiro Senshi 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTIn a running single‐leg jump (RSLJ) for distance, the generation of vertical velocity without loss of horizontal velocity during the take‐off phase is ideal, but difficult; however, we hypothesized that the pelvic rotation in the frontal plane achieved it. Here we show the effect of each segment rotation on the horizontal and vertical kinetic energies ( and ) of the centre of mass (CoM) during the take‐off phase of an RSLJ for distance. We collected kinematic and ground‐reaction‐force data during RSLJs for distance by nine male long jumpers, involving an approximately 20‐m approach in an outdoor field. We determined the components of the and changes due to each segment movement. Elevation of the pelvic free‐leg side increased (0.53±0.16 J/kg, 9±3% of the total change). Pelvic axial rotation decreased , while pelvic elevation did not affect it (0.01±0.02 J/kg, no significant difference from zero). In contrast, forward rotations of the stance‐leg shank and thigh decreased while simultaneously increasing . The results showed that pelvic elevation increased the vertical CoM velocity without causing a loss in horizontal velocity, although the lower‐limb segments’ effects on the vertical and horizontal velocities exhibited a trade‐off, as previously speculated. RSLJs for distance have been frequently assumed as sagittal movements. However, our findings highlight the importance of three‐dimensional pelvic movement, particularly in the frontal plane, for controlling both the vertical and horizontal velocities.
Ion energy analysis of a bipolar HiPIMS discharge using a retarding field energy analyser
Authors: Walk F , Valizadeh R , Bradley J W 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The time evolution of the positive ion energy distribution functions (IEDF’s) at the substrate position in an asymmetric bipolar high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) system was determined using a gridded energy analyser. This was done for a range of operating conditions, namely the positive voltage U
rev and ‘on-time’ negative pulse duration τ
neg. The magnetron sputtering discharge was equipped with a Nb target. Based on the knowledge of the IEDF’s, the bombarding ion flux density Γi and energy flux density Q
i to a grounded surface were calculated. Time-resolved IEDF measurements showed that ions with energies approaching the equivalent of the positive pulse voltage U
rev were generated as the reverse positive voltage phase developed. On time-average, we observed that increasing the set U
rev value (from 0 to 100 V), resulted in a marginal decrease in the ion flux density Γi to the analyser. However, this is accompanied by a five-fold increase in the ion energy flux density Q
i compared to the unipolar, U
rev = 0 V case. Reducing the negative HiPIMS pulse duration τ
neg (from 130 to 40 μs) at a constant discharge power leads to a modest increase in Γi, but a four-fold increase in Q
i. The results reveal the benefit of the bipolar HiPIMS technique, in which it is possible to control and enhance the power density of ions bombarding a grounded (or fixed bias) substrate, for potentially better tailoring of thin film properties.
Modeling and experimental investigation of asymmetric distance with magnetic coupling based on galloping piezoelectric energy harvester
Authors: Zhang Huirong , Zhang Leian , Wang Yuanbo , Yang Xiaohui , Song Rujun , Sui Wentao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an asymmetric magnetic coupling piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) based on galloping to scavenge low-speed wind. The piezoelectric beam of energy harvester undergoes bending and torsional vibration simultaneously due to the eccentric distance. By analyzing the kinetic energy, potential energy, and virtual work of the energy harvesting system, the mathematical model of harvester is constructed and verified by experiments. The optimal external load resistance is confirmed at different eccentric distances and wind speeds by experiments. Compared with traditional galloping piezoelectric energy harvester (GPEH), the asymmetric with magnetically coupling GPEH has a lower threshold wind speed, i.e. 2 m s−1. And the asymmetric configuration contributes to a lower natural frequency and electromechanical coupling coefficient, which results in a lower power and voltage output. The potential energy of harvesting systems at different distances between two magnets are respectively numerical analyzed in detail. The theoretical results illustrate that the energy harvester operates in monostable and bistable at different magnet distances. And the threshold wind speed of energy harvester increases when the energy harvester works at bistable. According to the above analysis, this work provides a detailed guideline for mathematical modeling and performance improvement of asymmetric PEH based on galloping.
Low-loss superconducting aluminum microwave coplanar waveguide resonators on sapphires for the qubit readouts
Authors: He Q , OuYang P , Gao H , He S , Li Y , Wang Y , Chen Y , Dai X , Wang Y , Wei L F 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The coplanar waveguide (CPW) microwave resonators have been widely applied for solid-state quantum computation and single-photon detection. Based on the physical analysis for the high fidelity readouts of the qubit(s), in this paper we design and then fabricate accordingly the desired aluminum (Al) film quarter-wavelength resonators on sapphire substrates. The ultra-low temperature measurement results show that the linearity of the internal quality factor under the proper driving power is satisfied well for the high fidelity readouts of the qubit(s); and the phase- and amplitude fractional frequency noises are significantly less for avoiding the potential information false alarms of the detected qubit during the readouts. With the demonstrated qubit-resonator experimental parameters, we argue that the designed and fabricated quarter-wavelength CPW resonators, with optimized parameters, can be used to implement the desired weakly perturbing readout measurements of the solid-state qubits on-chip.
Work costs and operating regimes for different manners of system-reservoir interactions via collision model
Authors: Wang Ying , Man Zhong-Xiao , Zhang Ying-Jie , Xia Yun-Jie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work, we study effects of different types of system-reservoir interactions on work costs and operating regimes of thermal machines by considering a quantum system consisting of two subsystems embedded in both independent and common reservoirs. The model allows us to make a contrast between three configurations of system-reservoir interactions, namely, the three-body one, the two-body one with and without intrasystem interaction between two subsystems. After establishing general formulations of thermodynamics quantities, we derive specific forms of heat and work with respect to these three configurations based on a model with two coupled qubits. It is shown that both the amount and sign of work are closely related to ways of system-reservoir interactions, by which six types of operating regimes of machines are constructed for a given setting. We find that different modes of system-reservoir interactions lead to different numbers of operating regimes of machines on the one hand, and on the other hand machines of the same kinds can appear in different scenarios of system-reservoir interactions, but which one is superior over others relies on intervals of parameters. A possible implementation of the setup based on the platform of circuit quantum electrodynamics is discussed briefly. We then generalize the bipartite model to multipartite case and derive the corresponding formulations of thermodynamics quantities. Our results indicate that interacting manners of system-reservoir play an important role in modifying thermodynamics process and can thus be utilized in designing quantum thermal machines with requisite functions.