bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“You are not alone”: Connecting through a bereaved parent mentor program for parents whose child died of cancer
Authors: McNeil Michael J. , Kiefer Ashley , Woods Cameka , Barnett Brittany , Berry‐Carter Kathryn , Clark Lisa , Mandrell Belinda N. , Snaman Jennifer , Kaye Erica C. , Baker Justin N. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundBereavement after the death of a child is devastating and associated with worse physical and psychosocial well‐being in parents. Evidence suggests that parents desire and benefit from support provided by other bereaved parents. To foster this peer support, an institutional peer‐to‐peer mentorship program for bereaved parents was established, through which trained bereaved parent mentors offer support for newly bereaved parents.MethodsUsing a retrospective cohort design, we describe the characteristics of participants of the Bereaved Parent Mentorship program. Trained bereaved parent mentors documented encounters with newly bereaved parent mentees using a secure internet‐based form. Mentors summarized each encounter including any concerns or need for professional psychosocial support. Descriptive statistics were used to describe mentor and mentee characteristics; free text from encounter summaries was qualitatively analyzed using content analysis.ResultsA total of 1368 documented encounters occurred between 150 mentees and 39 mentors from January 1, 2014 to February 29, 2020. Only seven encounters (0.5%) were flagged as serious concern necessitating professional psychosocial support. Four key themes in the encounters between mentors and mentees emerged, including: descriptions of the grief experience, ways in which a mentor supported their mentee, challenges the mentor experienced in supporting the mentee, and personal benefit gained by the mentor from supporting their mentee.ConclusionThis structured Bereaved Parent Mentorship program fostered rich interactions between bereaved parent participants, with very few encounters requiring professional assistance. Future research will assess the impact of bereaved mentor programs on resilience and psychosocial, physical, and functional well‐being of parents.
An Adaptive Auto‐Synthesizer using Online PAT Feedback to Flexibly Perform a Multistep Reaction
Authors: Liu Junliang , Sato Yusuke , Yang Fan , Kukor Andrew J. , Hein Jason E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAutomated chemical synthesizers have become more common in recent years but struggle to apply rigid procedures to broad substrate scopes. We have developed an adaptive auto‐synthesizer that uses online HPLC and FTIR measurements to adapt to the changing reactivities of different substrates, allowing precise control of reaction conditions. To do so, we designed a flexibly‐timed procedure consisting of specific actions performed by our platform when specific reaction‐monitoring checkpoints are met. Online HPLC allowed our system to autonomously separate, label and quantify most reaction components, with orthogonal FTIR enabling non‐UV active species to be additionally tracked. We tested our platform with CDI‐mediated multistep amidation reactions using a variety of different acid and amine substrates. To demonstrate the high reproducibility and control afforded by our system, we determined the relative rates of both acid activation and subsequent amidation, providing insight into substrate reactivities and the reaction mechanism.
Aromatase inhibitors and the incidence of Parkinson disease: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Khosrow‐Khavar Farzin , Azoulay Laurent , Montastruc Jean‐Louis , Montastruc François , Renoux Christel 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundCurrent guidelines recommend the treatment of hormone receptor–positive breast cancer with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and tamoxifen in the adjuvant setting. Some observational studies have raised concerns that tamoxifen may be associated with an increased risk of Parkinson disease (PD). However, no studies have directly compared the risk of PD between AIs and tamoxifen in women diagnosed with breast cancer.MethodsUsing the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, the authors assembled a cohort of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer and newly treated with either AIs or tamoxifen between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2017. Patients were followed 1 year after treatment initiation (ie, a 1‐year lag) until an incident diagnosis of PD or were censored at death from any cause, the date of transfer out of the practice, or the end of the study period (December 31, 2018). Cox proportional hazards models with inverse probability of treatment weights were used to estimate weighted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PD comparing AIs with tamoxifen and accounting for more than 30 confounders.ResultsIn all, 30,140 women with nonmetastatic breast cancer were identified: 13,838 initiated AIs, and 16,302 initiated tamoxifen. Compared with tamoxifen, AIs were not associated with an increased risk of PD (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.60‐1.47). Consistent results were observed across all secondary and sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsIn this large observational study, the use of AIs, in comparison with tamoxifen, was not associated with an increased risk of PD in women diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer in a real‐world setting.Lay Summary

Previous studies have indicated that tamoxifen may increase the risk of Parkinson disease in the treatment of breast cancer.

However, no studies have directly compared the risk of Parkinson disease between aromatase inhibitors and tamoxifen.

This study included 30,140 women diagnosed with breast cancer and treated with aromatase inhibitors or tamoxifen.

Overall, compared with tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors were not associated with an increased risk of Parkinson disease in women diagnosed with breast cancer.

This study provides an important addition to the comparative safety profile of aromatase inhibitors and tamoxifen in the treatment of breast cancer.
Peripheral blasts are associated with responses to ruxolitinib and outcomes in patients with chronic‐phase myelofibrosis
Authors: Palandri Francesca , Bartoletti Daniela , Iurlo Alessandra , Bonifacio Massimiliano , Abruzzese Elisabetta , Caocci Giovanni , Elli Elena M. , Auteri Giuseppe , Tiribelli Mario , Polverelli Nicola , Miglino Maurizio , Heidel Florian H. , Tieghi Alessia , Benevolo Giulia , Beggiato Eloise , Fava Carmen , Cavazzini Francesco , Pugliese Novella , Binotto Gianni , Bosi Costanza , Martino Bruno , Crugnola Monica , Ottaviani Emanuela , Micucci Giorgia , Trawinska Malgorzata M. , Cuneo Antonio , Bocchia Monica , Krampera Mauro , Pane Fabrizio , Lemoli Roberto M. , Cilloni Daniela , Vianelli Nicola , Cavo Michele , Palumbo Giuseppe A. , Breccia Massimo 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe presence of peripheral blasts (PB) is a negative prognostic factor in patients with primary and secondary myelofibrosis (MF) and PB ≥4% was associated with a particularly unfavorable prognosis. Ruxolitinib (RUX) is the JAK1/2 inhibitor most used for treatment of MF‐related splenomegaly and symptoms. Its role has not been assessed in correlation with PB.MethodsIn 794 chronic‐phase MF patients treated with RUX, we evaluated the impact of baseline percentage of PB on response (spleen and symptoms responses) and outcome (RUX discontinuation‐free, leukemia‐free, and overall survival). Three subgroups were compared: PB‐0 (no PB, 61.3%), PB‐4 (PB 1%‐4%, 33.5%), and PB‐9 (PB 5%‐9%, 5.2%).ResultsAt 3 and 6 months, spleen responses were less frequently achieved by PB‐4 (P = .001) and PB‐9 (P = .004) compared to PB‐0 patients. RUX discontinuation‐free, leukemia‐free, and overall survival were also worse for PB‐4 and PB‐9 patients (P = .001, P = .002, and P < .001, respectively).ConclusionsPersonalized approaches beyond RUX monotherapy may be useful in PB‐4 and particularly in PB‐9 patients.
Solvophobically‐Driven Merocyanine Dye Assembly: Predominant Dipole‐Dipole Interactions Over Hydrogen‐Bonding
Authors: Rajak Aritra , Kumar Singh Ajeet , Roy Lisa , Das Anindita 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMerocyanine dye assembly in nonpolar solvents is driven by electrostatic dipole‐dipole interactions, which make hierarchical structures of merocyanine less favorable, due to the compensation of its dipole moment in the discrete antiparallel dimer state. Herein, we describe the self‐assembly of a merocyanine dye (MC−OH) into higher aggregates in aqueous medium (with 10% dioxane) by synergistic effect of dipole‐dipole interactions and strong dispersion forces, which remains underexplored for its known molecular stabilization in polar solvents. Our results reveal that in the crystal packing, strong intermolecular hydrogen (H)‐bonding predominates over the dipole‐dipole interactions, which confines the dye into a head‐to‐head parallel π‐stacked assemblage. When intermolecular H‐bonding in water is curtailed, antiparallel dimers by dipolar interactions become predominant. Several of these antiparallel dimers laterally cluster through solvophobically‐induced π‐stacking and form stable nanodiscs, which exhibit efficient hydrophobic dye sequestering properties. At higher concentration, the nanodiscs are transformed into elongated nanotapes. The computational studies support the experimental findings and emphasize the competing nature of multiple noncovalent interactions in guiding the dye assembly under different conditions.
The influence of plasma evolution on a kinetic scenario of plasma collisional relaxation
Authors: Erofeev V.I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA reduction of the two‐time formalism [V. I. Erofeev, Journal of Plasma Physics 85, 905850104 (2019)] to a highly informative scenario of redistribution of plasma particles in momentum due to Coulomb collisions is reported. The standard case of an ideal classical ionized homogeneous plasma is considered. It is found that the leading‐order approximation of the scenario is consistent with the well‐known Lenard–Balescu Equation [A. Lenard, Ann. Phys. 10, 390–400 (1960); R. Balescu, Phys. Fluids 3, 52–63 (1960)]. A correction to the collision integral of this equation is developed to account for the time variation of plasma parameters. This correction is shown to differ from its analogs related to the existing generalizations of the Lenard–Balescu kinetic equation [Yu.L. Klimontovich, Kinetic theory of nonideal gases and nonideal plasmas (Pergamon Press, Oxford [1982]); V.V. Belyi, Yu.A. Kukharenko, J. Wallenborn, Journal of plasma physics 59, 657–669 (1998)].
Sex differences and modifiable dementia risk factors synergistically influence memory over the adult lifespan
Authors: LaPlume Annalise A. , McKetton Larissa , Anderson Nicole D. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionMore women than men develop Alzheimer's disease, yet women perform better and show less decline on episodic memory measures, a contradiction that may be accounted for by modifiable risk factors for dementia.MethodsAssociations among age, sex, modifiable dementia risk factors, and cognition were measured in a cross‐sectional online sample (n = 21,840, ages 18 to 89).ResultsAcross four tests of associative memory and executive functions, only a Face‐Name Association task revealed sex differences in associative memory that varied by age. Men had worse memory than women (the equivalent of performing similar to someone 4 years older) across ages. Men had larger age differences than women (ie, worse memory in older ages) among people with no to one risk factor, but not those with multiple risk factors.DiscussionBecause the relationship between dementia risk factors and age‐related memory differences varies between men and women, sex‐specific dementia prevention approaches are warranted.
Disturbance decreases genotypic diversity by reducing colonization: Implications for disturbance–diversity feedbacks
Authors: Kollars Nicole M. , Stachowicz John J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOne objective of eco‐evolutionary dynamics is to understand how the interplay between ecology and evolution on contemporary timescales contributes to the maintenance of biodiversity. Disturbance is an ecological process that can alter species diversity through both ecological and evolutionary effects on colonization and extinction dynamics. While analogous mechanisms likely operate among genotypes within a population, empirical evidence demonstrating the relationship between disturbance and genotypic diversity remains limited. We experimentally tested how disturbance altered the colonization (gain) and extinction (loss) of genets within a population of the marine angiosperm Zostera marina (eelgrass). In a 2‐year field experiment conducted in northern California, we mimicked grazing disturbance by migratory geese by clipping leaves at varying frequencies during the winter months. Surprisingly, we found the greatest rates of new colonization in the absence of disturbance and that clipping had negligible effects on extinction. We hypothesize that genet extinction was not driven by selective mortality from clipping or from any stochastic loss resulting from the reduced shoot densities in clipped plots. We also hypothesize that increased flowering effort and facilitation within and among clones drove the increased colonization of new genets in the undisturbed treatment. This balance between colonization and extinction resulted in a negative relationship between clipping frequency and net changes in genotypic richness. We interpret our results in light of prior work showing that genotypic diversity increased resistance to grazing disturbance. We suggest that both directions of a feedback between disturbance and diversity occur in this system with consequences for the maintenance of eelgrass genotypic diversity.
Enzymatic removal of sialic acid enables iCIEF stability monitoring of charge variants of a highly sialylated bispecific antibody
Authors: Peters Björn‐Hendrik , Bautista James , Slaney Thomas R. , Guo Hongyue , Huang Richard Y.‐C. , Krause Mary E. , Zeng Ming , Cheng Julie , Chen Zhi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAntibody‐based therapeutic proteins have highly complex molecular structures. The final therapeutic protein product may contain a wide range of charge variants. Accurate analysis of this charge variant composition is critical to determine manufacturing process consistency and protein stability and ultimately helps to ensure that patients receive a safe and efficacious product. Here, a highly sialylated bispecific antibody (bsAb‐1) challenged the ability to monitor stability by imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (iCIEF). This challenge was overcome by optimization of the iCIEF master mix buffer (adjustment of urea concentration, addition of l‐arginine) and enzymatic removal of sialic acid. The method was qualified by assessing linearity, precision, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, and robustness in accordance with ICH guidance. Main species loss detectability increased up to approximately fivefold compared to the iCIEF method without desialylation when monitoring changes in stressed samples. Importantly, the results of the iCIEF method with desialylation correlated with results obtained through LC–MS tryptic peptide mapping and enabled analysis of formulation development stability samples. Finally, this analytical method shows the potential to assess low‐concentration formulation development samples down to a sample concentration of 0.1 mg/ml.
Anisotropic double‐Gaussian analytical wake model for an isolated horizontal‐axis wind turbine
Authors: Soesanto Qidun M. B. , Yoshinaga Tsukasa , Iida Akiyoshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn anisotropic double Gaussian (DG) model for analytical wake modeling to predict the streamwise wake velocity behind an isolated non‐yawed horizontal‐axis wind turbine is proposed. The proposed model is based upon the conservation of mass and momentum inside a streamtube control volume. The wake growth rate parameters to distinguish the wake expansion rate between lateral and vertical directions were tuned based on numerical and measurement data of utility‐scale turbines. It was found that the proposed model can give feasible predictions within the full‐wake region under different inflow conditions. In addition, the other analytical models based on top‐hat shape and single Gaussian approaches were evaluated for comparison. The root‐mean‐square error statistical analysis was used to evaluate the performance of each examined model under different flow conditions. In general, the proposed model outperformed the other examined models in all wake region categories, particularly within the near‐wake region and the onset of the far‐wake region, which are beyond the scope of the conventional approach for analytical wake modeling. This advantage gives the potential for the proposed model to provide a better prediction for the wake flow estimation within tightly packed wind farms.
Effect of alfalfa substituted with ramie on the expression of apoptotic genes in the gastrointestinal tracts of goats
Authors: Liu Qian , Fu Chao , Yang Hai , Zhou Chuanshe , Kang Jinhe , Chen Liang , Kong Zhiwei , Tan Zhiliang , Tang Shaoxun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study investigated the effect of alfalfa hay substituted with ramie silage on the expression of apoptotic genes in the gastrointestinal tract of goats. Thirty‐two goats were randomly allocated into four groups, in which the alfalfa was substituted with ramie at 0%, 35%, 75%, and 100% levels, respectively. In the rumen, the mRNA expression of Bax was significantly up‐regulated (p = .0007) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie; the mRNA expression of Bcl‐2/Bax was significantly down‐regulated (p = .02) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with the 75% substituted treatment; the protein expression of Bcl‐xl was significantly down‐regulated (p = .03) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with 35% and 75% substituted treatments, respectively. In the jejunum, the mRNA expression of p53 was significantly up‐regulated (p = .01) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with 0% and 35% substituted treatments; the protein expression of p53 was significantly up‐regulated (p = .001) when alfalfa was 35% substituted by ramie compared with 0% and 75% substituted treatments. However, the activity of Caspase‐3 was not affected by different substituting levels of ramie in the rumen and jejunum of goats (p > .05). In conclusion, ramie with high substitution had strong antinutritional effect, which might promote the apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract of goats in a caspase‐independent manner, thus affecting the growth and development of goat. It was suggested that ramie should not replace alfalfa more than 35% in the process of goat feeding.
The impact of increasing the United Kingdom national minimum wage on self‐reported health
Authors: Maxwell Jacob , Pryce Robert , Wilson Luke B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is a growing but mixed literature on the health effects of minimum wages. If minimum wage changes have a statistically significant impact on health, this suggests health effects should be incorporated into cost‐benefit analyses to capture wider policy impacts. Whilst most existing UK based literature examines the introduction of a minimum wage, this paper exploits the 2016, 2017 and 2018 UK National Minimum Wage (NMW) increases as natural experiments using a series of difference‐in‐differences models. Short Form‐12 (SF‐12) mental and physical component summary scores are used as dependent variables. In the base case and all sensitivity analyses, the estimated impact of NMW increases on mental and physical health are insignificant. The policy implication is that health effects should not be included in cost‐benefit analyses examining the NMW.
Src homology 3 domain binding kinase 1 protects against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance through the Nur77–FGF21 pathway
Authors: Ahuja Palak , Bi Xinyi , Ng Chun Fai , Tse Margaret Chui Ling , Hang Miaojia , Pang Brian Pak Shing , Iu Elsie Chit Yu , Chan Wing Suen , Ooi Xin Ci , Sun Anqi , Herlea‐Pana Oana , Liu Zhixue , Yang Xiuying , Jiao Baowei , Ma Xin , Wu Kelvin Ka Lok , Lee Leo Tsz On , Cheng Kenneth King Yip , Lee Chi Wai , Chan Chi Bun 
Published: April 2022

Background and Aims:
Metabolism in the liver is dysregulated in obesity, contributing to various health problems including steatosis and insulin resistance. While the pathogenesis of lipid accumulation has been extensively studied, the protective mechanism against lipid challenge in the liver remains unclear. Here, we report that Src homology 3 domain binding kinase 1 (SBK1) is a regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism and systemic insulin sensitivity in response to obesity.

Approach and Results:
Enhanced Sbk1 expression was found in the liver of high‐fat diet (HFD)–induced obese mice and fatty acid (FA)–challenged hepatocytes. SBK1 knockdown in mouse liver cells augmented FA uptake and lipid accumulation. Similarly, liver‐specific SBK1 knockout (Lsko) mice displayed more severe hepatosteatosis and higher expression of genes in FA uptake and lipogenesis than the Flox/Flox (Fl/Fl) control mice when fed the HFD. The HFD‐fed Lsko mice also showed symptoms of hyperglycemia, poor systemic glucose tolerance, and lower insulin sensitivity than the Fl/Fl mice. On the other hand, hepatic Sbk1 overexpression alleviated the high‐fructose diet–induced hepatosteatosis, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia in mice. White adipose tissue browning was also observed in hepatic SBK1‐overexpressed mice. Moreover, we found that SBK1 was a positive regulator of FGF21 in the liver during energy surplus conditions. Mechanistically, SBK1 phosphorylates the orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (Nur77) on serine 344 to promote hepatic FGF21 expression and inhibit the transcription of genes involved in lipid anabolism.

Conclusions:
Collectively, our data suggest that SBK1 is a regulator of the metabolic adaption against obesity through the Nur77–FGF21 pathway.