bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary β-carotene and vitamin A and risk of Parkinson disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Ling-Yu , Chen Jing-Xin , Chen Gui-Sheng , Gao Hua , Huo Jing-Hong , Pang Yu-Fei , Gao Qing-Han 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The beneficial effects of dietary β-carotene and vitamin A on Parkinson disease (PD) have been confirmed, but some studies have yielded questionable results. Therefore, this meta-analysis investigated the effect of dietary β-carotene and vitamin A on the risk of PD.

Methods:
The following databases were searched for relevant paper: PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Med online, and Weipu databases for the relevant paper from 1990 to March 28, 2022. The studies included were as follows: β-carotene and vitamin A intake was measured using scientifically recognized approaches, such as food frequency questionnaire (FFQ); evaluation of odds ratios using OR, RR, or HR; β-carotene and vitamin A intake for three or more quantitative categories; and PD diagnosed by a neurologist or hospital records.

Results:
This study included 11 studies (four cohort studies, six case–control studies, and one cross-sectional study). The high β-carotene intake was associated with a significantly lower chance of developing PD than low β-carotene intake (pooled OR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.74‐0.94). Whereas the risk of advancement of PD was not significantly distinctive among the highest and lowest vitamin A intake (pooled OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.91‐1.29).

Conclusions:
Dietary β-carotene intake may have a protective effect against PD, whereas dietary vitamin A does not appear to have the same effect. More relevant studies are needed to include into meta-analysis in the further, as the recall bias and selection bias in retrospective and cross-sectional studies cause misclassifications in the assessment of nutrient intake.
Research features between Urology and Nephrology authors in articles regarding UTI related to CKD, HD, PD, and renal transplantation
Authors: Tan Keng-Kok , Chien Tsair-Wei , Kan Wei-Chih , Wang Chen-Yu , Chou Willy , Wang Hsien-Yi 
Published: October 2022

Background:
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common types of infections affecting the urinary tract. When bacteria enter the bladder or kidney and multiply in the urine, a URI can occur. The urethra is shorter in women than in men, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder or kidneys and cause infection. A comparison of the research differences between Urology and Nephrology (UN) authors regarding UTI pertaining to the 4 areas (i.e., Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodialysis, Peritoneal Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation [CHPR]) is thus necessary. We propose and verify 2 hypotheses: CHPR-related articles on UTI have equal journal impact factors (JIFs) in research achievements (RAs) and UN authors have similar research features (RFs).

Methods:
Based on keywords associated with UTI and CHPR in titles, subject areas, and abstracts since 2013, we obtained 1284 abstracts and their associated metadata (e.g., citations, authors, research institutes, departments, countries of origin) from the Web of Science core collection. There were 1030 corresponding and first (co-first) authors with hT-JIF-indices (i.e., JIF was computed using hT-index rather than citations as usual). The following 5 visualizations were used to present the author’s RA: radar, Sankey, time-to-event, impact beam plot, and choropleth map. The forest plot was used to distinguish RFs by observing the proportional counts of keyword plus in Web of Science core collection between UN authors.

Results:
It was observed that CHPR-related articles had unequal JIFs (χ2 = 13.08, P = .004, df = 3, n = 1030) and UN departments had different RFs (Q = 53.24, df = 29, P = .004). In terms of countries, institutes, departments, and authors, the United States (hT-JIF = 38.30), Mayo Clinic (12.9), Nephrology (19.14), and Diana Karpman (10.34) from Sweden had the highest hT-JIF index.

Conclusion:
With the aid of visualizations, the hT-JIF-index and keyword plus were demonstrated to assess RAs and distinguish RFs between UN authors. A replication of this study under other topics and in other disciplines is recommended in the future, rather than limiting it to UN authors only, as we did in this study.
Relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and bone mineral density in adolescents
Authors: Xie Ruijie , Zhang Ya , Yan Tao , Huang Xiongjie , Xie Songlin , Liu Changxiong , Liu Mingjiang 
Published: October 2022

Liver metabolism is strongly linked to bone metabolism, and a significant correlation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and bone mineral density (BMD) in adults has been demonstrated. However, the current relationship between NAFLD and BMD in the adolescent population remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the specific relationship between NAFLD and BMD in adolescents aged 12 to 19 years in the United States.
The quantitative relationship between NAFLD and total BMD was investigated using multivariate logistic regression and smoothed fitted curve curves based on multiperspective data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
A total of 740 adolescents were included in this study after excluding unusable samples. The results showed that NAFLD was positively associated with total BMD in adolescents. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that this positive association was mainly found in boys, whites and blacks. The association was not significant in girls, Mexican Americans and other racial groups.
Among US adolescents, there was a significant positive association between NAFLD and total BMD, and this relationship varied by gender and race.
Mid-Regional Pro-Adrenomedullin in Combination With Pediatric Early Warning Scores for Risk Stratification of Febrile Children Presenting to the Emergency Department: Secondary Analysis of a Nonprespecified United Kingdom Cohort Study*
Authors: Lenihan Rebecca A. F. , Ang Juliana , Pallmann Philip , Romaine Sam T. , Waldron Cherry-Ann , Thomas-Jones Emma , Miah Nahida , Carrol Enitan D. 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Current sepsis guidelines do not provide good risk stratification of subgroups in whom prompt IV antibiotics and fluid resuscitation might of benefit. We evaluated the utility of mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) in identification of patient subgroups at risk of requiring PICU or high-dependency unit (HDU) admission or fluid resuscitation.

DESIGN:
Secondary, nonprespecified analysis of prospectively collected dataset.

SETTING:
Pediatric Emergency Department in a United Kingdom tertiary center.

PATIENTS:
Children less than 16 years old presenting with fever and clinical indication for venous blood sampling (n = 1,183).

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Primary outcome measures were PICU/HDU admission or administration of fluid resuscitation, with a secondary outcome of definite or probable bacterial infection. Biomarkers were measured on stored plasma samples and children phenotyped into bacterial and viral groups using a previously published algorithm. Of the 1,183 cases, 146 children (12.3%) required fluids, 48 (4.1%) were admitted to the PICU/HDU, and 244 (20.6%) had definite or probable bacterial infection. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) was used to assess performance. MR-proADM better predicted fluid resuscitation (AUC, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.67–0.78), than both procalcitonin (AUC, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.59–0.71) and Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS: AUC, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.56–0.67). PEWS alone showed good accuracy for PICU/HDU admission 0.83 (0.78–0.89). Patient subgroups with high MR-proADM (≥ 0.7 nmol/L) and high procalcitonin (≥ 0.5 ng/mL) had increased association with PICU/HDU admission, fluid resuscitation, and bacterial infection compared with subgroups with low MR-proADM (< 0.7 nmol/L). For children with procalcitonin less than 0.5 ng/mL, high MR-proADM improved stratification for fluid resuscitation only.

CONCLUSIONS:
High MR-proADM and high procalcitonin were associated with increased likelihood of subsequent disease progression. Incorporating MR-proADM into clinical risk stratification may be useful in clinician decision-making regarding initiation of IV antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, and escalation to PICU/HDU admission.
18F-Flutemetamol PET/CT for Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Han Eun Ji , Sung Yeoun Eun , Jung Mi-Hyang , O Joo Hyun , Youn Jong-Chan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report 18F-flutemetamol PET/CT finding in an 88-year-old man with cognitive impairment and transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. Early phase PET/CT images showed significantly increased myocardial uptake, but there was no myocardial uptake in delayed phase PET/CT images. A dual-time-point amyloid PET/CT imaging may be helpful to diagnose and differentiate subtypes of amyloid cardiomyopathy in patients with suspected cardiac amyloidosis.
Comparison of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT With 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for Initial Staging in Intermediate- and High-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chandekar Kunal Ramesh , Singh Harmandeep , Kumar Rajender , Kumar Santosh , Kakkar Nandita , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Singh Shrawan Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to compare 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for initial staging in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods
Forty treatment-naive, biopsy-proven, intermediate- or high-risk PCa patients were prospectively recruited. Each patient underwent PET/CT with 68Ga-PSMA-11 and 18F-PSMA-1007 (within 2 weeks). Assessment of both set of images included delineating number and characteristics of lesions, measurement of tracer uptake (SUVmax), miPSMA scoring, and PET-based stage categorization.

Results
Intraprostatic lesions were detected in all patients by both tracers with concordant PET-based T stage. Median SUVmax of the dominant PSMA-positive prostatic lesions was not significantly different with 18F-PSMA-1007 and 68Ga-PSMA-11 (19.9 vs 19.4, P = 0.127, n = 40). Prostatic miPSMA scores were similar in 31/40 (77.5%) patients with both tracers (weighted κ = 0.71). In 23/40 (57.5%) patients, regional lymph nodes (n = 171) were detected by both tracers. Few additional PET-positive regional lymph nodes (n = 3) were exclusively detected by 18F-PSMA in 2 patients without altering PET-based N stage. Extraregional lymph nodes (n = 123 in 17/40 patients) and visceral metastatic lesions (n = 18 in 3/40 patients) were detected concordantly by both tracers. PET-positive marrow based and skeletal metastases (n = 71) were detected in 14/40 (35%) patients by both tracers. Few additional marrow and skeletal lesions (n = 7) were exclusively detected on 18F-PSMA-1007 in 5/14 patients, potentially upstaging PET-based M stage in 2/5 patients. Both radiotracers showed excellent interreader agreement for region-wise detection of lesions.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT is comparable to 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in detecting primary and metastatic lesions of PCa.
Chronic Gastritis Mimicking Malignancy on 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT
Authors: Beyhan Ediz , Erol Fenercioğlu Özge , Yarikkaya Enver , Çermik Tevfik Fikret , Ergül Nurhan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present 2 patients mimicking malignancy with intense gastric 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake on PET/CT. Both patients showed low to moderate 18F-FDG uptake. Histopathology revealed chronic active gastritis. Chronic gastritis may resemble gastric malignancies by showing false-positive 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake.
Implementing the evidence translation-based resilience care model on family caregivers of stroke patients: a best-practice implementation project
Authors: Chang Cheng-Yu , Wu Fu-Mei , Lin Hsu-Nu , Ho Lun-Hui , Su Jui Yuan , Liang Ching-Chuan , Yang Shu-Hua , Huang Tzyy-Jen , Mu Pei-Fan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives:
The aim of this project was to promote for the family caregivers of stroke patients the resilience evidence translation care model in the community.

Introduction:
Stroke is the main cause of disability among many patients with chronic diseases. Resilience helps family caregivers facing the consequences of adversity and stress to have a positive outcome.

Methods:
The study utilized clinical audit strategies under the JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System module. Three audit criteria for the caregivers of stroke patients were considered. A preimplementation audit was conducted with eight nurses and 30 caregivers to measure compliance between current practice and best practice. From that audit we identified barriers and facilitators to practice change by undertaking a Getting Research into Practice analysis. A postimplementation audit was conducted using the same number of samples at 8 weeks for the caregivers to evaluation, and the outcomes using follow-up audit.

Results:
The three criteria showed an improvement: nurses who received education about resilience care protocols, criterion 1 from 0 to 100%, criterion 2 from 0 to 100%, criterion 3 from 0 to 90%. The results showed that the average resilience of caregivers increased from 17.47 (SD ± 1.94) to 18.33 (SD ± 1.54). The resilience scale of pretest and posttest scores were significantly improved (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion:
The implementation of best practice for enhancing resilience of the family caregivers of stroke patients on the resilience evidence translation care model: a best practice implementation project in community settings is possible. The results indicate that evidence-based practice is an effective method for enhancing the resilience of family caregivers. The strategies contributed to the success of this project, such as scenario simulation education, Objective Structured Clinical Examination, regular weekly audits, and collaboration with project leaders when carrying out caregiver case discussion during clinical practice.
Measuring lactulose and mannitol levels using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrum: application to clinical study of intestinal epithelium barrier function
Authors: Magalhães Lyvia M. V. C. , Rodrigues Francisco A. P. , Quirino-Filho José , Gondim Rafhaella N.D.G. , Ribeiro Samilly , K. Sousa José , Clementino Marco , Maciel Bruna L.L. , Havt Alexandre , Santos Armênio A. , Magalhães Pedro J.C. , Lima Aldo A.M. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTLactulose and mannitol have been used to assess intestinal permeability and several methodologies have been used.ObjectivesThis study aimed to validate the high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to measure mannitol and lactulose sugars.Material and MethodsWe used a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system coupled to an ABsciex Q-TRAP 5500 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS/MS) with an ABSciex Electro Nebulization Interface (ESI) (Framingham, MA, USA). For the separation of lactulose and mannitol compounds in the HLPC, the analytical column HILIC-ZIC® from ES Industries (West Berlin, USA) was used. The parameters analyzed for analytical validation were specificity/selectivity, linearity, LD, LQ accuracy, precision (repeatability and intermediate precision) and matrix effect.ResultsThe accuracy was demonstrated from the recovery at three concentration levels (100, 500 and 1000 ng/mL) and in triplicate, which showed recovery values above the recommended (>120%). Intermediate precision was determined at 24-hour intervals and the coefficients of variation found were less than 8.7%. The matrix effect was measured through the retention times in the standard samples and in the samples of the spiked standards in dilutions with urine samples, which varied between 99.3% and 100.3%. Urine samples from malnourished and healthy children were analyzed. The L:M ratio was considerably lower in the control group compared to the MN group (p<0.0001) and the mannitol excretion rate was higher (p<0.0001).ConclusionsThe results showed that the HPLC-MS/MS method was sensitive, specific, and accurate for the determination of molecular biomarkers of lactulose and mannitol. In addition, the L:M test is a functional test capable of determining with high sensitivity the barrier function damage of the intestinal epithelium in children with malnutrition compared to health control children.
A gelatin-based feed for individually tailored drug delivery to adult zebrafish
Authors: Ochocki Aleksander J. , Kenney Justin W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCurrent approaches to drug delivery in adult zebrafish have significant limitations such as need for confinement, anesthesia, and/or dosing that is not based on body weight. To circumvent these challenges, we developed a non-invasive gelatin-based feed that is easily pipette into individually tailored morsels according to weight. Our feed was readily eaten by zebrafish (< 1 minute) with minimal leaching of compound (< 5%) when placed in water. We used our feed to deliver an NMDAR antagonist (MK-801, 4 mg/kg) prior to exposure to a novel tank. Consistent with prior work, we found that MK-801 caused a decrease in predator-avoidance/anxiety-like behaviors. We also found that MK-801 increased locomotion in male fish, but not females. Our simple, easy to prepare, and individually tailored gelatin-based feed now brings pharmacological manipulations of adult zebrafish in line with best practices used in other vertebrate model organisms.
Independent innexin radiation shaped signaling in ctenophores
Authors: Ortiz Jennifer , Bobkov Yuriy V. , DeBiasse Melissa B. , Mitchell Dorothy G , Edgar Allison , Martindale Mark Q. , Moss Anthony G. , Babonis Leslie S. , Ryan Joseph F. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTInnexins facilitate cell-cell communication by forming gap junctions or non-junctional hemichannels, which play important roles in metabolic, chemical, ionic, and electrical coupling. The lack of knowledge regarding the evolution and role of these channels in ctenophores (comb jellies), the likely sister group to the rest of animals, represents a substantial gap in our understanding of the evolution of intercellular communication in animals. Here we identify and phylogenetically characterize the complete set of innexins of four ctenophores:Mnemiopsis leidyi, Hormiphora californensis, Pleurobrachia bachei, andBeroe ovata. Our phylogenetic analyses suggest that ctenophore innexins diversified independently from those of other animals and were established early in the emergence of ctenophores. We identified a four-innexin genomic cluster, which was present in the last common ancestor of these four species and has been largely maintained in these lineages. Evidence from correlated spatial and temporal gene expression of theM. leidyiinnexin cluster suggest that this cluster has been maintained due to constraints related to gene regulation. We describe basic electrophysiological properties of putative ctenophore hemichannels from muscle cells using intracellular recording techniques, showing substantial overlap with the properties of bilaterian innexin channels. Together, our results suggest that the last common ancestor of animals had gap junctional channels also capable of forming functional innexin hemichannels, and that innexin genes have independently evolved in major lineages throughout Metazoa.
Emergence of the cortical encoding of phonetic features in the first year of life
Authors: Di Liberto Giovanni M. , Attaheri Adam , Cantisani Giorgia , Reilly Richard B. , Choisdealbha Áine Ní , Rocha Sinead , Brusini Perrine , Goswami Usha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEven prior to producing their first words, infants are developing a sophisticated speech processing system, with robust word recognition present by 4-6 months of age. These emergent linguistic skills, observed with behavioural investigations, are likely to rely on increasingly sophisticated neural underpinnings. The infant brain is known to robustly track the speech envelope, however to date no cortical tracking study could investigate the emergence of phonetic feature encoding. Here we utilise temporal response functions computed from electrophysiological responses to nursery rhymes to investigate the cortical encoding of phonetic features in a longitudinal cohort of infants when aged 4, 7 and 11 months, as well as adults. The analyses reveal an increasingly detailed and acoustically-invariant phonetic encoding over the first year of life, providing the first direct evidence that the pre-verbal human cortex learns phonetic categories. By 11 months of age, however, infants still did not exhibit adult-like encoding.
Transcription factor expression is the main determinant of variability in gene co-activity
Authors: van Duin Lucas , Krautz Robert , Rennie Sarah , Andersson Robin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany genes are co-expressed and form genomic domains of coordinated gene activity. However, the regulatory determinants of domain co-activity remain unclear. Here, we leverage human individual variation in gene expression to characterize the co-regulatory processes underlying domain co-activity and systematically quantify their effect sizes. We employ transcriptional decomposition to extract from RNA expression data an expression component related to co-activity revealed by genomic positioning. This strategy reveals close to 1,500 co-activity domains, covering most expressed genes, of which the large majority are invariable across individuals. Focusing specifically on domains with high variability in co-activity reveals that contained genes have a higher sharing of eQTLs, a higher variability in enhancer interactions, and an enrichment of binding by variably expressed transcription factors compared to genes within non-variable domains. Through careful quantification of the relative contributions of regulatory processes underlying co-activity, we find transcription factor expression levels to be the main determinant of gene co-activity. Our results indicate that distaltranseffects contribute more than local genetic variation to individual variation in co-activity domains.
Local exclusion and regional decline of an endemic Galápagos tree species (Psidium galapageium) by an invasive relative (P. guajava)
Authors: Reatini Bryan , de Lourdes Torres María , Vision Todd J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInvasive species can interact with native relatives in a variety of ways which may jeopardize their long-term coexistence. Here we show that interactions with an invasive species of guava (Psidium guajava) appear to be driving the local exclusion and regional decline of guayabillo (Psidium galapageium), a tree species endemic to the Galápagos archipelago. We find evidence consistent with recent historic exclusion of guayabillo from the highlands of San Cristóbal Island, signatures of ongoing demographic decline in sympatric populations at lower elevations, and evidence suggesting that the four coinhabited islands represent points along a time series of regional decline, with the extent of guayabillo decline depending on the date that guava was introduced to each island. Based on these results, we then use the percentage of guava cover surrounding guayabillo populations to target populations that are at imminent risk of exclusion to aid in prioritizing management targets.