bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sub optimal HIV status ascertainment at antenatal clinics and the impact on HIV prevalence estimates: A cross sectional study
Authors: Wangara Fatihiyya , Estill Janne , Kipruto Hillary , Wools-Kaloustian Kara , Chege Wendy , Manguro Griffins , Keiser Olivia 
Published: December 2022

Background
While many countries including Kenya transitioned from sentinel surveillance to the use of routine antenatal care (ANC) data to estimate the burden of HIV, countries in Sub Saharan Africa reported several challenges of this transition, including low uptake of HIV testing and sub national / site-level differences in HIV prevalence estimates. In Kenya voluntary HIV testing is offered to all 1st ANC clients. However, some women may decline testing. We aim to predict the HIV positivity (as a proxy of prevalence) at ANC assuming 100% uptake of HIV testing and compare this to the observed positivity.

Methods
Using a cross sectional study design, we examine routine data on HIV testing among all women attending ANC in Kwale County, Kenya, for the period January 2015 to December 2019.We used a generalized estimating equation with binomial distribution to model the observed HIV prevalence as explained by HIV status ascertainment. We then used marginal standardization to predict the HIV prevalence at 100% HIV status ascertainment and make recommendations to improve the utility of ANC routine data for HIV surveillance.

Results
HIV testing at ANC was at 91.3%, slightly above the global target of 90%. If there was 100% HIV status ascertainment at ANC, the HIV prevalence would be 2.7% (95% CI 2.3–3.2). This was 0.3% lower than the observed prevalence. Across the yearly predictions, there was no difference between the observed and predicted values except for 2018 where the HIV prevalence was underestimated with an absolute bias of -0.2 percent. This implies missed opportunities for identifying new HIV infections in the year 2018.

Conclusions
Imperfect HIV status ascertainment at ANC overestimates HIV prevalence among women attending ANC in Kwale County. However, the use of ANC routine data may underestimate the true population prevalence. There is need to address both community level and health facility level barriers to the uptake of ANC services.
Effects of structured exercise programmes on physiological and psychological outcomes in adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jones Katherine , Kimble Rachel , Baker Katherine , Tew Garry A. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundExercise has been suggested to counteract specific complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, its role as a therapeutic option remains poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of exercise in IBD.MethodsFive databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL and SPORTDiscus) and three registers (Clinicaltrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and ISRCTN) were searched from inception to September 2022, for studies assessing the effects of structured exercise of at least 4 weeks duration on physiological and/or psychological outcomes in adults with IBD. Two independent reviewers screened records, assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB 2.0) and ROBINS-I tools, and evaluated the certainty of evidence using the GRADE method. Data were meta-analysed using a random-effects model.ResultsFrom 4,123 citations, 15 studies (9 RCTs) were included, comprising of 637 participants (36% male). Pooled evidence from six RCTs indicated that exercise improved disease activity (SMD = -0.44; 95% CI [-0.82 to -0.07]; p = 0.02), but not disease-specific quality of life (QOL) (IBDQ total score; MD = 3.52; -2.00 to 9.04; p = 0.21) when compared to controls. Although meta-analysis could not be performed for other outcomes, benefits were identified in fatigue, muscular function, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, bone mineral density and psychological well-being. Fourteen exercise-related non-serious adverse events occurred. The overall certainty of evidence was low for disease activity and very low for HRQOL as a result of downgrading for risk of bias and imprecision.ConclusionsStructured exercise programmes improve disease activity, but not disease-specific QOL. Defining an optimal exercise prescription and synthesis of evidence in other outcomes, was limited by insufficient well-designed studies to ascertain the true effect of exercise training. This warrants further large-scale randomised trials employing standard exercise prescription to verify this effect to enable the implementation into clinical practice.RegistrationThis systematic review was prospectively registered in an international database of systematic reviews in health-related research (CRD42017077992;https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/).
The effect of cold-knife conization on pregnancy outcomes in patients with cervical lesions
Authors: Gao Yue , Wang Huali , Xiao Yunyun 
Published: December 2022

Objective
To analyze the pregnancy outcomes of patients with cervical lesions treated by cold-knife conization (CKC).

Methods
Clinical data of healthy pregnant women and pregnant women who underwent CKC in Dalian Women and Children’s Medical Group from March 2010 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into a CKC group and a control group according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Statistical methods were used to compare pregnancy and delivery outcomes between the two groups.

Results
There were 400 patients in CKC group and control group, with 200 patients in each. There was no significant difference in the mode of delivery, abortion, ectopic pregnancy, in-hospital perinatal management, and cervical cerclage between the CKC group and the control group (P>0.05). The rates of preterm delivery, premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, and neonatal admission in the CKC group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In the CKC group, the incidence of premature rupture of membranes within six months postoperatively was higher than that after six months (P<0.05). The incidences of preterm delivery and premature rupture of membranes were not completely consistent in different conization ranges (P<0.05).

Conclusion
CKC increases the incidence of preterm delivery, premature rupture of membranes, and neonatal adverse outcomes. Conization height can predict the occurrence of preterm delivery. Delaying pregnancy after surgery can reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes during the perinatal period.
Risk factors for cerebral complications in patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Na Young-Ok , Park Hwa Kyung , Lee Jae-Kyeong , Kho Bo-Gun , Kim Tae-Ok , Shin Hong-Joon , Kwon Yong-Soo , Kim Yu-Il , Lim Sung-Chul , Oh Hyung-Joo , Park Cheol-Kyu , Oh In-Jae , Kim Young-Chul , Park Ha-Young 
Published: December 2022

Objective
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a rare pulmonary disease. Although most patients with PAVMs are asymptomatic, cerebral complications associated with PAVMs are often fatal. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for cerebral complications in patients with PAVMs.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of patients with PAVMs between 2003 and 2021 at two tertiary referral hospitals and one secondary hospital.

Results
Fifty-five patients diagnosed with PAVMs were enrolled in this study. Most patients were female (89.1%), and the median age was 53 years. Thirty patients (54.5%) had incidentally detected PAVMs without symptoms. Twenty-four patients (43.7%) with PAVMs were treated with embolotherapy or surgery. Thirteen patients (23.6%) had cerebral complications. There was no significant difference in the development of cerebral complications according to treatment; however, older age (≥ 65 years) was associated with the development of new cerebral complications in untreated patients with PAVMs (odds ratio, 17.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–250.31; P = 0.038).

Conclusion
Older age (≥ 65 years) was a risk factor for the development of cerebral complications in patients with PAVMs; therefore, treatment should be considered in older patients with PAVMs.
Maternal cytomegalovirus infection and delayed language development in children at 3 years of age–a nested case-control study in a large population-based pregnancy cohort
Authors: Barlinn Regine , Dudman Susanne G. , Rollag Halvor , Trogstad Lill , Lindstrøm Jonas C. , Magnus Per 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Maternal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in pregnancy may result in vertical transmission of CMV to the child. Long-term effects of congenital CMV infection include visual, cognitive as well as neurological impairment. The aim of this study was to estimate the odds ratios for CMV seropositivity and seroconversion in mothers, with and without delayed language development in 3 year old children, nested within a large cohort.

Material and methods
The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) is a prospective population-based pregnancy cohort that includes 95 200 mothers and 114 500 children. Blood samples were obtained from mothers during pregnancy weeks 17 or 18 in pregnancy and after birth. We included 300 women from MoBa with children suffering from delayed language development at three years of age, based on validated questionnaires. Within the cohort, 1350 randomly selected women were included as controls to perform a nested case-control study. The cases and controls were tested for CMV IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Among mothers of cases, 63.2% were CMV-IgG positive in the sample at birth, as compared to 55.9% among controls; OR 1.36, (95% CI; 1.05 to 1.76). Also, among case mothers, 8/118 (6.8%) initially seronegative cases, seroconverted. Among initially seronegative controls, seroconversion occurred in 23/618 (3.7%) mothers. The OR for seroconversion in cases as compared to control mothers was 1.88 (CI; 0.82 to 4.31), thus not statistically significant different.

Conclusion
This study shows a higher risk of delayed language development at three years of age in children born by mothers seropositive for CMV, compared to children born from seronegative mothers.
Reterritorialização precária de posseiros como aglomerados de exclusão em resistência à territorialização das relações capitalistas de produção no espaço geográfico agrário do norte tocantinense
Authors: Sousa Filho Hudson Nascimento de , Lopes Alberto Pereira 
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo é fruto de reflexões materialistas históricas e dialéticas em torno do contexto expresso na estrutura e dinâmica do conflito e da conflitualidade emergentes na Gleba Tauá, município de Barra do Ouro-TO. Problematiza questões oriundas da expansão e territorialização do capital do agronegócio sobre os territórios dos tradicionais povos viventes no norte do Tocantins, encontrando-se em aglomerados de exclusão reterritorializados de forma precária. Estes resistem à medida que fazem da agricultura familiar seu modo de existência e resistência à frente pioneira da economia agroindustrial moderna na fronteira amazônica. Portanto, coube a esta pesquisa engendrar uma minuciosa análise sobre o conflito e a conflitualidade que violentam pessoas todos os dias no contexto do município de Barra do Ouro-TO. Metodologicamente a estrutura quali-quantitativa desta pesquisa contou com levantamento de dados primários, fotografias e nove (9) entrevistas realizadas em duas (2) visitas a campo na comunidade da Gleba Tauá, além de revisão bibliográfica de literatura (geográfica e sociológica) relacionada ao tema dos conflitos socioterritoriais ocorridos na frente de expansão do agronegócio no Brasil. Com essência expressa na expropriação de posseiras/os que vivem neste espaço há mais de 60 anos para um exacerbado domínio e para a expansão do atual modelo monocultor agrícola, o do agronegócio, e seu insaciável plantio de commodities (soja, milho e eucalipto na maioria das vezes) – instaurado nas “sesmarias” do século XXI. Tal contexto nos leva a apontar a necessidade urgente da implantação de uma política de reforma agrária no Brasil, para que os camponeses deste país tenham seu acesso à terra livre para desempenhar seus trabalhos em sua totalidade, para não mais se omitir a existência de uma problemática social que mata pessoas todos os dias em nosso país, ao se negar a realização urgente da Reforma Agrária.
The Waste Management and the Environmental Campaign “KangPisMan” to Awareness of the Environmental Sustainability's Importance
Authors: ARDIANTI Dhini , HIDAYAT Dadang Rahmat , BAKTI Iriana , MULYANI Henny Sri 
Published: December 2022

KangPisMan, an acronym from Kurangi, Pisahkan, dan Manfaatkan Sampah (reduce, sort, and reutilize waste), is a movement to engage the people of Bandung city to implement the 3Rs: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle on waste management. There are several approaches for the awareness using socialization for the concerns of KangPisMan, including environmental campaigns through social media platforms.
This study explores the effect of the KangPisMan social media (i.e., Instagram) environmental campaign on its followers’ waste management attitude used the Ostergaard campaign model and focusing on two main aspects of the campaign message, content and structure. The study used a quantitative approach provided by the survey method of questionnaire. The studied population was Instagram account @kangpisman followers (6,460 accounts). A hundred sample accounts were selected based on the Slovin formula using random sampling with SmartPLS 3.0 application. Results of the questionnaire from 100 selected followers accounts showed that attractive campaign messages with good content and structure delivered by KangPisMan generated positive followers’ responses. The analysis of each factor showed that the message structure significantly affected followers’ attitude on managing their waste. These findings reveal that Instagram account used for the environmental campaign purposes (@kangpisman) need serious management efforts, clear program description, creativity, attractive image visualization, communicative and easy-to-understand messages. Besides that, the applicable waste management messages contents were considered necessary to be accepted, motivate and drive the people to act positively on managing their waste.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pupuk Kotoran Kambing dan Jenis Rimpang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum)
Authors: Khoiriyah Khoiriyah , Prihastanti Erma , Suedy Sri Widodo Agung , Izzati Munifatul 
Published: December 2022

Jahe merah merupakan komoditas yang banyak dibutuhkan di bidang pangan dan pengobatan. Salah satu senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan serta anti-inflamasi dalam jahe merah yaitu flavonoid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh jenis rimpang dan pupuk kotoran kambing terhadap pembibitan tanaman jahe merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial 5x2 dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan menggunakan rimpang cabang pertama (Rp) dan rimpang cabang kedua (Rs), serta pupuk kotoran kambing dengan konsentrasi PK0=0%, PK1=20%, PK2=30%, PK3=40%, dan PK4=50%.Variable penelitian ini adalah jumlah daun, panjang daun, jumlah akar, panjang akar, panjang batang, dan penambahan bobot basah tanaman. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA (Analysis of variance) dan dilanjutkan dengan DMRT (Duncan's multiple range test). Aplikasi pemberian pupuk organik kotoran kambing dan penggunaan jenis rimpang yang berbeda dapat mempengaruhi kecepatan pembibitan dan kualitas tanaman jahe merah. Hasil terbaik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan RsPK3 (rimpang cabang kedua + pupuk 40%) dengan hasil jumlah daun 8.5 helai, panjang daun 22.02cm, jumlah akar 8,75 helai, panjang akar 21.50cm, panjang batang 30.75cm, dan pertambahan bobot sebesar 88,70g. Red ginger is a commodity that is much needed in the field of food and medicine. One of the compounds that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in red ginger is flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of rhizome types and goat manure on red ginger plant nurseries. This study used a factorial 5x2 completely randomized design (RAL) with 4 replications.. The treatment used the first branch rhizome (Rp) and second branch rhizome (Rs), as well as goat manure fertilizer with a concentration of PK0=0%, PK1=20%, PK2=30%, PK3=40%, and PK4=50%. Research variables these are the number of leaves, leaf length, number of roots, root length, stem length, and the addition of plant wet weight. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of variance) and followed by DMRT (Duncan's multiple range test). The application of organic goat manure and the use of different types of rhizomes can affect the speed of seeding and the quality of red ginger plants. The best results were shown by the RsPK3 treatment (second branch rhizome + 40% fertilizer) with 8.5 leaves, 22.02 cm leaf length, 8.75 roots, 21.50 cm root length, 30.75 cm stem length, and 88 weight gain. 70g.
A robust study of the transmission dynamics of zoonotic infection through non-integer derivative
Authors: Jan Rashid , Alharbi Asma , Boulaaras Salah , Alyobi Sultan , Khan Zaryab 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In Sub-Saharan Africa, zoonotic diseases are the leading cause of sickness and mortality, yet preventing their spread has long been difficult. Vaccination initiatives have significantly reduced the frequency of zoonotic diseases mostly in African regions. Nonetheless, zoonotic illnesses continue to be a hazard to underdeveloped countries. Zoonotic infections are spread by direct contact, food, and water. We construct an epidemic model to understand zoonotic disease transmission phenomena. The model is examined using the fundamental results of fractional theory. The reproduction parameter

ℛ

0

{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal R} }}}_{0}

was obtained by inspecting the model’s steady states. The stability of the system’s steady states has been demonstrated. The system’s reproduction parameter is quantitatively explored by varying various input parameters. Furthermore, the presence and uniqueness of the solution of the proposed dynamics of zoonotic diseases have been demonstrated. Different simulations of the recommended zoonotic disease model with different input factors are performed to inspect the complex dynamics of zoonotic disease with the influence of various model factors. To establish effective prevention and control measures for the infection, we analyse dynamical behaviour of the system. Decreasing the fractional order

θ

\theta

can decrease the infection level significantly. Different factors for reducing zoonotic diseases were recommended to regional policymakers.
Design, simulation and performance analysis of photovoltaic solar water pumping system
Authors: Maka Ali O. M. , Mehmood Mubbashar , Chaudhary Tariq Nawaz 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The solar photovoltaic system is one of the technologies which is used to pump water in rural, isolated and desert areas where electric connection to the main grid is a problem. The study area is selected because of its higher natural resources of solar radiation over the year. Thus, that encourages us to adopt this study in order to understand the effects of various operating parameters on performance behaviour, which leads to enhancing the system design. This paper aims to assess the solar water pump system’s design and estimated performance in real environmental conditions. The PVsyst has been used to design and simulate a system which allows us to analyse the operating behaviour of a photovoltaic solar water pumping system. The solar PV pumping system design is considered; the photovoltaic module has characteristics and the pumping system characteristics. The photovoltaic array losses due to temperature were estimated about −14.3% and the soiling losses represented approximately −5%. The results showed that performance losses were significant variance in the months of the summer season from May to July. Therefore, their implication on the water flow rates significantly decreases throughout the months of the summer season from May to July, respectively.
Pasts, presents and futures: discourses of colonization and decolonization
Authors: Deumert Ana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, I reflect on the future of macro-sociolinguistic research from a global-south perspective. I discuss the role that activism has played in scholarly work, and how such activism was hampered by persistent ideologies of ‘thingification’; that is, ideologies that created languages and nations as ‘objects’ (to be managed and controlled by states and local/national/global elites). I ground the history of such discourses in colonialism-capitalism. I further explore the global and local regimes of language that were created through the dehumanizing violence of colonialism-capitalism, as well as the alternative futures that have been imagined by all those who resisted – and continue to resist – this violence. I conclude with some thoughts on temporalities, on the different relationships with, and to, time and the urgency of the present.
Keekivalenan Presentasi Grup 〈x,y|y^(-1) xyx,x^(-1) yxy〉 dan 〈x,y|〖x^4,x〗^2 y^(-2),x^(-1) yxy〉 menggunakan Transformasi Tietze
Authors: Mardianto Dedi 
Published: December 2022

Pada penelitian ini membahas tentang transformasi untuk dua presentasi grup berbeda yang mendefinisikan grup yang sama. Diberikan dua presentasi grup dan . Ditunjukkan bahwa dan adalah ekivalen atau isomorpis. Untuk menunjukan ini di gunakan transformasi tietze.
Hampiran Solusi Persamaan Gelombang Dua Dimensi Dengan Pendekatan Finite Difference
Authors: Syafii Mohamad , Alghazali Muhammad Rafli 
Published: December 2022

The finite difference method is widely used in determining the approximate solution of a time dependent partial differential equation. The purpose of this study is to calculate the numerical solution with a finite difference method to the two dimensional wave equation. The research method used is literature study. The solution of numerical problem using the finite difference method. Discretization the two-dimensional wave equation with a central difference approach. The second step, the discretization result is simulated by Matlab software. Based on the finite difference method result, the numerical solution approximates the analytical solution of the given two dimensional wave equation. The stability requirements of numerical solution using the finite difference method is the Von Nuemann stability.
Menentukan Panjang Pipa Terpendek Untuk Pemasangan Jaringan Pipa PDAM Di Kecamatan Padang Timur Kota Padang
Authors: Rina Iswan , Putri Nurweni 
Published: December 2022

This paper will show the completion of PDAM data by determining the shortest pipe length from PDAM data, in other words finding the shortest pipe length from the tree model that is formed. In this PDAM pipe network problem, the distance from each pipe is determined from one area to another. In this study, each PDAM pipe has a different distance between one pipe and another. So with this problem we need a way to determine the shortest pipe length from each PDAM pipe between regions. By determining the length of the shortest pipe so that the shortest distance can be obtained from the use of the pipe. After obtaining the shortest distance, this research will be able to obtain a model in the form of a graph, namely Tree and will look for the shortest pipe length between one area and another for the PDAM pipeline network in the city of Padang. In this case, Padang Timur was chosen as the object of research because of the ineffective use of the PDAM pipe network. The region using the Graph method is expected to be able to determine the shortest pipe length using a pipe network so that it will be more economical and practical to implement.