bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgery for Pilonidal Sinus Disease in Norway: Training, Attitudes and Preferences. A Survey Among Norwegian Surgeons
Authors: Odlo Mari , Horn Julie , Xanthoulis Athanasios 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is frequently observed in young adults. There is no wide consensus on optimal treatment in the literature, and various procedures are used in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to assess current practice, experience, training, and attitudes towards PSD surgery among Norwegian surgeons.
Methods: An online survey on PSD surgery was created and sent to all members of the Norwegian Surgical Association. Categorical data were reported as frequencies and percentages.
Results: Most currently practicing Norwegian surgeons used the Bascom’s cleft lift (93.2%) or minimally invasive procedures (55.4%). Midline excisions with primary closure (19.7%) or secondary healing (22.4%) were still used by some surgeons, though. Most surgeons had received training in PSD surgery supervised by a specialist, but only about half of them felt sufficiently trained. The surgeons generally performed few PSD operations per year. Many considered PSD as a condition of low surgical status and this patient group as underprioritized.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PSD surgery in Norway has been moving away from midline excisions and towards off-midline flap procedures and minimally invasive techniques. PSD and its treatment have a low status among many Norwegian surgeons. This study calls for attention to this underprioritized group of patients and shows the need for consensus in PSD treatment such as development of national guidelines in Norway. Further investigation on training in PSD and the role of supervision is needed.
Eucalyptus globulus vessels enzymatic passivation: effect of pore structure on bulk and surface chemistry
Authors: Vaz Álvaro , Coelho João , Costa Vera , Maloney Thaddeus , Josphat Phiri , Pinto Paula , Sousa António Mendes , Simões Rogério 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHardwood vessel elements generate problems in industrial uncoated wood-free printing paper operation, causing vessel picking and ink refusal. These problems are mitigated using mechanical refining at the cost of paper quality. Vessel enzymatic passivation, altering its adhesion to the fiber network and reducing its hydrophobicity is a way of improving paper quality. The object of this paper is to study how the enzymatic treatment by xylanase and by an enzymatic cocktail containing cellulases and laccases affect elemental chlorine free bleachedEucalyptus globulusvessel and fiber porosities, bulk, and surface chemical compositions. Thermoporosimetry revealed the vessel structure to be more porous, surface analysis showed its lower O/C ratio and bulk chemistry analysis its higher hemicellulose content. Enzymes had different effects on porosity, bulk and surface composition of fibers and vessels, affecting vessel adhesion and hydrophobicity. It is proposed that differences in vessel and fiber porosity structures affect the enzymatic attacks, eventually causing vessel passivation.
Circulating osteoprogenitors have a mixed immune and mesenchymal progenitor function in humans
Authors: Feehan Jack , Jacques Macsue , Kondrikov Dmitri , Eynon Nir , Wijeratne Tissa , Apostolopoulos Vasso , Gimble Jeffrey , Hill William , Duque Gustavo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Circulating osteoprogenitors (COP) are a population of cells in the peripheral circulation that possess functional and phenotypical characteristics of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs). These cells can differentiate into adipocyte, chondrocyte, myocyte, and osteoblast lineages. Considering that COP cells are isolated from peripheral blood, this population has a strong potential to become an abundant, accessible, and replenishable source of MSCs with multiple potential clinical applications for the repair and regeneration of acute and chronically damaged tissues. However, in order to fully test and develop their use in clinical settings, a comprehensive functional characterization of COP cells is still required. This study fully characterized COP cells by comparing them to bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) and adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) through detailed transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. COP cells have a distinct gene and protein expression pattern to BM-MSCs and ASCs, with a significantly stronger immune footprint, likely owing to their hematopoietic lineage. In addition, regarding progenitor cell differentiation and proliferation pathways, COP cells have a similar pattern of expression to BM-MSCs and ASCs. In summary, this study shows COP cells to be a unique but functionally similar population to BM-MSCs and ASCs, sharing their proliferation and differentiation capacity, thus presenting an accessible source of MSCs with strong potential for translational regenerative medicine strategies.
“We must be strong in our heart, in our mind and in our soul”: An exploratory qualitative study on nurses’ psychological self-care in strengthening their mental health while providing COVID-19 care
Authors: Abdul-Mumin Khadizah H. , Maideen Aminol Azrin , Lupat Agong , Mohd-Alipah Siti Nur-Diyana , Mohammad-Alli Roziah H. , Abd-Manaf Hajah-Noraini H. , Osman Abd-Rani , Fata Haji Mohd Reduan Abd. , busrah nani , Darling-Fisher Cynthia , Idris Deeni Rudita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
It is two years since the unprecedented and massive COVID-19 pandemic affected the world. Since its emergence, nurse frontliners across the globe faced various challenges that lead them to experience adverse mental health. An important yet often overlooked or underappreciated initial coping strategy is psychological self-care. Research has shown that nurses’ psychological self-care practices strengthened their mental well-being when facing the unpredicted nature and chaos of COVID-19. This study examined the specific positive psychological self-care practices used by nurses who provided care for COVID-19 patients.
Methods
An exploratory qualitative study was conducted on 40 nurses who worked in providing care for confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients across Brunei. Data was collected using focus groups aided by semi-structured open-ended questions and analysed thematically using the principles underpinning Constructivist Grounded Theory (Charmaz, 2021).
Results
Four themes emerged: 1) ‘Care of the mind, heart and soul’ – explained the meaning and importance of psychological self-care practices to the nurses; 2) ‘Physical care for the psychological well-being’- illuminated efforts undertaken to strengthen knowledge and practices for preparedness in caring for suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients; 3) ‘Venting out and distraction’ – demonstrated the measures undertaken to release and relieve stress; 4) ‘Have faith, think and stay positive’ – described the importance of having faith in the higher being or supreme entity such as God for protection, and enduring the daily challenges positively
Conclusions
Due to the challenges of dealing with a worldwide pandemic, nurses’ mental well-being was unintentionally placed at risk while the government strategized and prioritised containing and preventing the spread of and death from COVID-19. This study describes specific psychological self-care practices undertaken by nurses to strengthen their mental health and develop resilience in their professional care role while addressing the challenges of the COVID-19 era. Health administrators, as well as nursing educators, need to promote and developing resources to strengthen nurses’ positive psychological self-care practices. This will not only benefit individual nurses but will help promote the wellbeing of patients and employees, improve the health of all, and counteract any unintended stressful situations, even beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
TiNbSn stems with gradient changes of Young’s modulus and stiffness prevent stress shielding compared to similarly designed stems
Authors: Baba Kazuyoshi , Mori Yu , Chiba Daisuke , Kuwahara Yoshiyuki , Kurishima Hiroaki , Tanaka Hidetatsu , Kogure Atsushi , Yamada Norikazu , Ohtsu Susumu , Oyama Masamizu , Masahashi Naoya , Hanada Shuji , Itoi Eiji , Aizawa Toshimi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

The difference between Young’s moduli of the femur and the stem causes stress shielding (SS). TiNbSn (TNS) stem has a low Young’s modulus and strength with gradient functional properties during the change in elastic modulus with heat treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of TNS stems on SS and their clinical outcomes compared to conventional stems.

Methods

This study was a clinical trial. Primary THA was performed using a TNS stem from April 2016 to September 2017 for patients in the TNS group. Unilateral THA was performed using a Ti6Al4V alloy stem from January 2007 to February 2011 for patients in the control group. The TNS and Ti6Al4V stems were matched in shape. Radiographs were obtained at the 1- and 3-year follow-ups. Two surgeons independently checked the SS grade and appearance of cortical hypertrophy (CH). The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores before and 1 year after surgery were assessed as clinical scores.

Results

None of the patients in the TNS group had grade 3 or 4 SS. In contrast, in the control group, 24% and 40% of patients had grade 3 and 4 SS at the 1- and 3-year follow-ups, respectively. The SS grade was lower in the TNS group than in the control group at the 1- and 3-year follow-ups (p < 0.001). The frequencies of CH in both groups were no significant difference at the 1- and 3- year follow-ups. The JOA scores of the TNS group significantly improved at 1 year after surgery and were comparable to control group.

Conclusion

The TNS stem prevented SS at 1 and 3 years after THA compared to the proximal-engaging cementless stem, although the shapes of the stems matched. The TNS stem could prevent SS, stem loosening, and periprosthetic fractures.

Trial registration:

Current Controlled Trials
ISRCTN21241251. https://www.isrctn.com/search?q=21241251
The date of registration was October 26, 2021. Retrospectively registered.
Influence of recent and long-lasting loading history on the cyclic behaviour of sand: confrontation of novel experimental results and established constitutive laws
Authors: Knittel L. , Tafili M. , Tavera C. E. Grandas , Triantafyllidis Th. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The design of massive dump slopes for opencast mines usually requires information about the soil resistance to liquefaction during earthquakes. This resistance depends not only on the initial stress, the initial density, and the amplitude of the cyclic loading, but also on the preshearing, that is, the deviatoric stress path applied to the soil before the cycling loading. To explore the influence of preshearing on the subsequent soil behaviour, a set of triaxial tests with a combination of undrained preshearing and drained stress cycles using two sample preparation methods is presented. It is shown that the preshearing as well as the preparation method have a mayor influence on the strain accumulation upon cyclic loading. Simulations of the experiments with four advanced constitutive models reveal that neither the long-lasting effect of preshearing nor the preparation method can adequately be captured by all of the models. This deficiency of the constitutive models can lead to unsafe designs due to the overestimation of the cyclic resistance to liquefaction and to the underestimation of long term settlements.
Assessing the Quality, Reliability, and Readability of Online Information on Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Quality Information Retinal Detachment
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Yücel , GÜNGÖR Çiğdem Bengi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Investigating the quality, accountability, readability, availability of translation among publicly available online resource materials on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
Methods
Websites were classified as private or academic in Google search results where the searching region was set to United States. Quality and accountability were assessed using internationally accepted modified DISCERN criteria, JAMA and Health on the Net Code of Conduct (HONcode). Readability and availability of translation into other languages were evaluated.
Results
No statistical difference was found in modified DISCERN, JAMA, and HONcode scoring when websites were grouped as academic or private. (p = 0.27, p = 0.34, p = 0.53, respectively). There was a statistical difference between the two groups in the readability of academic and private websites. (p = 0.01) The readability of private websites was higher. When we group by the presence of HONcode certificate, 9 websites have certificates, 11 websites were not certified. Comparing the modified DISCERN and JAMA scores of these websites, the difference between the two groups were statistically significant. (p = 0.005, p = 0.004, respectively).
Conclusions
The Online content provided by websites should be written in a simple way that the reader can understand, with accurate information. The certified medical online content providers can be an indicator of the reliability of the content.
Working situation and burden of work limitations in sarcoma patients. Results from the multi-center prospective PROSa Study.
Authors: Bonilla Sergio Armando Zapata , Fried Marius , Singer Susanne , Hentschel Leopold , Richter Stephan , Hohenberger Peter , Kasper Bernd , Andreou Dimosthenis , Pink Daniel , Arndt Karin , Bornhäuser Martin , Schmitt Jochen , Schuler Marcus , Eichler Martin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: We investigated limitations in work performance and job loss in sarcoma patients and related risk factors / predictors.
Methods: We measured clinical and sociodemographic data in adult sarcoma patients from a nationwide study and recorded if the patients had dropped out of their job one year after initial assessment. Work limitations were assessed using three scales of the Work-Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ©). Analyses regarding associated factors were exploratory.
Results: We included 356 patients (48.6 % female, mean age 48.3 years). After one year, 76 (21.3%) patients had dropped out of their jobs. Time since diagnosis was positively associated with staying at work (>5 years: OR 0.1; p < 0.01). Patients with liposarcoma (OR 0.1; p=0.01) were less likely to stop working. Regarding work limitations, having received sarcoma treatment in the last 6 months (Scale 1: B= 18.9; p < 0.01, Scale 2: B= 15.7; p < 0.01, Scale 3: B= 15.1; p < 0.01) was also negatively associated with limitations at the work place across all measured scales.
Conclusion: Our study indicates that work limitations and job loss occur frequently in patients with sarcoma adding to the burden of this condition. The reported predictors of work limitations may help physicians to decide about the length of prescribed work inability before the start of therapy and patients in the decision about re-starting in the work life after an occurred therapy.
“Your struggles are valid, you are worthy of help and you deserve to recover”: Narratives of recovery from Orthorexia Nervosa
Authors: Talbot Catherine V. , Campbell Charleigh E.R. , Greville-Harris Maddy 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose Limited research has examined recovery processes and conceptualisations of recovery within Orthorexia Nervosa (ON). This study harnessed online data to examine how people use #OrthorexiaRecovery and how recovery is represented within this online space.
Methods 500 textual posts containing #OrthorexiaRecovery were extracted from Instagram. Co-occurring hashtags were analysed descriptively to determine whether this online space is specific to ON, and textual data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results The hashtag analysis indicated that #OrthorexiaRecovery is being used within a wider context of eating disorder recovery and awareness, but also provides deep insights into experiences of recovery from ON. The thematic analysis generated five themes: The invisibility of orthorexia; A rollercoaster journey; Finding food freedom; From compulsive exercise to intuitive movement; A community of support. Our findings suggest that people with ON experience recovery as a continuous process and the current invisibility of ON within diagnostic criteria and wider society impedes recovery. While working towards recovery, users aimed to be free from diet culture, become more attuned to their bodies, and develop more adaptive relationships with food and fitness. Users noted a general lack of support for people with ON and so used this online space to create a supportive community, though some content was potentially triggering.
Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of increased recognition of ON and the potential value of targeting societal norms and harnessing social identity resources within therapeutic interventions for ON.
Denser forests across the USA experience more damage from insects and pathogens
Authors: Asaro Christopher , Koch Frank , Potter Kevin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Forests across much of the United States are becoming denser. Trees growing in denser stands experience more competition for essential resources, which can make them more vulnerable to disturbances. Forest density can be expressed in terms of basal area, a metric that has been used to assess vulnerability of some forests to damage by certain insects or pathogens. A raster map of total tree basal area (TBA) for the conterminous United States was compared with annual (2000-2019) survey maps of forest damage due to insects and pathogens. Across each of four regions, median TBA was significantly higher within forest areas defoliated or killed by insects or pathogens than in areas without recorded damage. Therefore, TBA may serve as a general indicator of forest health and enable the development of planning tools for targeting high-priority areas with silvicultural tactics that help prevent deteriorating stand conditions.
Pre-immunization with inactivated pathogens recapitulates adult human immune memory in laboratory mice
Authors: Falkenberg Caroline , Toft Martin Fitzner , Skov Søren , Hansen Camilla Hartmann Friis , Hansen Axel Kornerup 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Laboratory mice show poor translation to humans within a range of pre-clinical fields, which might be due to their specific pathogen free (SPF) status. SPF mice have CD8+ effector memory T cell levels more comparable to newborn than to adult humans or pet shop mice. However, reintroducing pathogens would re-introduce diseases, and, therefore, research facilities should look for safer alternatives. We inactivated mouse adenovirus type 1, minute virus of mice, mouse hepatitis virus, Sendai virus, Theiler’s encephalomyelitis virus (GD 7), and Mycoplasma pulmonis by ultraviolet irradiation, and mixed them with the adjuvant Addavax®. A subcutaneous injection twice with two weeks interval with 10 µg of each pathogen generated CD8+ effector memory T cell quantities significantly higher than untreated mice, and 82.3% of the pre-immunized mice were comparable with pet shop mice, while the overall quantities and percentages of T cells were un-affected. None of the pathogens were transferred from the pre-immunized mice to co-housed non-immunized mice. Pre-immunization with inactivated murine pathogens, therefore, may be used to safely create an immunological memory in mice.
Do physicians still direct nursing workforce? A profession striving for autonomy since mid- 1900’s
Authors: You Wenpeng , Cusack Lynette , Donnelly Frank 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background This study highlights the contribution of nurses is secondary to physicians to overall population health (indexed with life expectancy at birth, e(0)). Methods All data were extracted from the World Bank. The potential competing effects of affluence, urbanization and obesity were fully considered when scatter plots, bivariate correlation and partial correlation models were performed to analyse the correlations between e(0)and physician healthcare and nursing healthcare respectively. The Fisher Z-Transformation was conducted for comparing the correlations between e(0)and physician healthcare and nursing healthcare. Multiple linear regression analyses were implemented for modelling that physicians’ contributions to e(0)explain nurses’. Results Physician healthcare correlates to e(0)significantly more strongly than nursing healthcare (z= 2.83, 2.95 and 2.01 in scatterplots, Pearson’s r and nonparametric respectively, p< 0.05). Physician healthcare remains significantly correlational to e(0)when nursing healthcare alone was controlled or when the 3 confounders (economic affluence, obesity and urbanization) were controlled (r=0.380, p <0.001 and r=0.444, p < 0.001 respectively). Nursing healthcare was in weak or negligible correlation to e(0)when physician healthcare was controlled individually or together with the 3 control variables. Linear regression reveals that nursing healthcare was a significant predictor for e(0)when physician healthcare was “not added” for modelling, but this significance became negligible when physician healthcare was “added”. Conclusions Physician healthcare correlated to e(0)extension significantly more than nurses. Statistically, physicians may explain the role of nurses in extending e(0).
Ni-P-based Alloy Coatings Prepared by Direct and Pulsed Electrodeposition for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
Authors: Gaikwad A. P. , Banerjee Atindra Mohan , Pai M. R. , Dheeman Rajat , Kumar Sanjay , Tripathi A. K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Alkaline water electrolysis driven by renewable energy is a promising technology for green hydrogen generation. The cathode half-cell reaction i.e., the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline water electrolysis suffers from slow kinetics. Ni-P-based alloys have shown to be an efficient and cost-effective electrocatalyst to accelerate the HER rate. In this study, three Ni-P alloy coatings are prepared via electrodeposition by varying the deposition currents viz. 10 mA cm− 2 direct, 10 mAcm− 2 and 100 mAcm− 2 pulsed currents. The XRD patterns of all the Ni-P coatings exhibited the formation of crystalline deposits and confirmed the alloying of P in Ni. The SEM images suggested that the microstructures of the Ni-P alloy deposits are highly dependent on the magnitude and waveform of the applied current employed during preparation of the alloy coatings. The composition of the alloy surface is Ni-rich in all three cases but exhibited local variations as evaluated by EDX. The surface distributions of Ni and P in the pulsed deposited samples are more uniform and homogeneous. The cyclic voltammetry patterns of the Ni-P coatings in KOH media exhibit characteristic peaks due to Ni/Ni3+ redox phenomenon. The Ni2+/Ni3+ oxidation peak area is lowest for the direct deposited sample and highest for the pulsed deposited one (100 mAcm− 2). The Ni-P alloy electrocatalyst deposited under pulsed mode at 100 mAcm− 2 exhibits a current density of -10 mAcm− 2 at 0.09 V overpotential and is most active among all samples. The remarkable electrocatalytic activity of this sample is attributed to its smaller crystallite size, better morphological characteristics and lesser resistances to charge transfer and porosity.