bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proportionate clinical burden of respiratory diseases in Indian outdoor services and its relationship with seasonal transitions and risk factors: The results of SWORD survey
Authors: Sharma Bharat Bhushan , Singh Sheetu , Sharma Krishna Kumar , Sharma Arvind Kumar , Suraj K. P. , Mahmood Tariq , Samaria Kumar Utsav , Kant Surya , Singh Nishtha , Singh Tejraj , Singh Aradhana , Gupta Rajeev , Koul Parvaiz A. , Salvi Sundeep , Singh Virendra ,   SWORD study group
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe Global Burden of Disease data suggest that respiratory diseases contribute to high morbidity in India. However, the factors responsible for high morbidity are not quite clear. Therefore, the Seasonal Waves Of Respiratory Disorders (SWORD) study was planned to estimate the point prevalence due to respiratory diseases in Indian OPD services and its association with risk factors and change in seasons.MethodsIn this point prevalence observational multicenter study conducted during 2017–18, participating physicians recorded information of consecutive patients in response to a questionnaire. The study was conducted on four predetermined days representing transition of Indian seasons i.e., February (winter), May (summer), August (monsoon), and November (autumn).ResultsThe eligible number of patients from across 302 sites in India was 25,177. The mean age of study population was 46.1±18.1 years, 14102(56.0%) were males and 11075(44.0%) females. The common diagnoses were: asthma(29.8%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),15.6%, respiratory tract infections (RTIs),11.3%, and tuberculosis(8.7%). All these conditions showed significant seasonal trends (Asthma 31.4% autumn vs. 26.5% summer, COPD 21.1% winter vs. 8.1% summer, RTIs 13.3% winter vs. 4.3% summer, and tuberculosis 12.5% autumn vs. 4.1% summer, p<0.001 for each respectively). After adjustment for risk factors, asthma was significantly associated with exposure to molds (OR:1.12,CI:1.03–1.22), pet animals (OR:1.07,CI:1.01–1.14), recent-travel (OR:1.22,CI:1.13–1.32), and rain-wetting (OR:1.27,CI:1.15–1.40); and RTIs with rain-wetting (OR:1.53,CI:1.34–1.74), and recent-travel (OR:1.17,CI:1.05–1.30).ConclusionsThe SWORD study showed wide seasonal variations in outpatient attendance of patients with common respiratory conditions. Novel risk-factors associated with respiratory diseases were also identified.
Factors associated with HIV viral suppression among adolescents in Kabale district, South Western Uganda
Authors: Gordon Tugume Peterson , Talbert Muhwezi , Mugisha Maud Kamatenesi , Herbert Ainamani Elvis 
Published: August 2022

Background
The goal of antiretroviral therapy is to achieve sustained human immune deficiency virus (HIV) viral suppression. However, research on factors associated with viral load suppression among adolescents in low and middle-income countries is limited. The objectives of this study were to determine HIV viral suppression levels among adolescents in Kabale district and the associated clinical, adherence and psychosocial factors.

Methods
Cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study designs were used. Two hundred and forty-nine adolescents living with HIV that attended clinics between September and October 2019 at nine health facilities were interviewed and their medical records reviewed. A data abstraction tool was used to collect clinical data from adolescent’s clinical charts, face to face interviews were conducted using semi-structured questionnaire adopted from the HEADS tool and in-depth interviews conducted with ten key informants. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic content analysis. Logistic regression was used to determine the magnitude by which clinical and psychosocial factors influence viral load suppression. Odds Ratios (ORs) were used for statistical associations at 95% confidence interval considering statistical significance for p-values less than 0.05. Qualitative data collected from Key informants to support our quantitative findings was analyzed using thematic content analysis.

Results
HIV viral suppression among (n = 249) adolescents was at 81%. Having no severe opportunistic infections was associated with viral load suppression among adolescent living with HIV (OR = 1.09; 95%CI [1.753–4.589]; p<0.001) as well as having no treatment interruptions (OR = 0.86; 95% CI [2.414–6.790]; p = 0.004). Belonging to a support group (OR = 1.01; 95% CI [1.53–4.88]; P = 0.020), having parents alive (OR = 2.04; 95% CI[1.02–4.12]; P = 0.047) and having meals in a day (OR = 5.68; C.I = 2.38–6.12, P = 0.010), were significantly associated to viral load suppression. The findings also indicated that long distances from health facilities, transport challenges and unprofessional conduct of health workers that make adolescent unwelcome at health facilities negatively affected viral suppression among adolescents.

Conclusion
The findings indicate that HIV viral suppression among adolescents on ART was at 81%. Kabale district was likely not to achieve the third 90 of the UNAIDS 90-90-90 global target for this population category. The findings further indicate that having no severe opportunistic infection and no treatment interruptions, good nutrition status, peer support and support from significant others, were highly associated with viral load suppression.
A qualitative study of hospital and community providers’ experiences with digitalization to facilitate hospital-to-home transitions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Singh Hardeep , Gray Carolyn Steele , Nelson Michelle L. A. , Nie Jason X. , Thombs Rachel , Armas Alana , Fortin Christian , Molla Ghanbari Hedieh , Tang Terence 
Published: August 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered substantial changes to the healthcare context, including the rapid adoption of digital health to facilitate hospital-to-home transitions. This study aimed to: i) explore the experiences of hospital and community providers with delivering transitional care during the COVID-19 pandemic; ii) understand how rapid digitalization in healthcare has helped or hindered hospital-to-home transitions during the COVID-19 pandemic; and, iii) explore expectations of which elements of technology use may be sustained post-pandemic.

Methods
Using a pragmatic qualitative descriptive approach, remote interviews with healthcare providers involved in hospital-to-home transitions in Ontario, Canada, were conducted. Interviews were analyzed using a team-based rapid qualitative analysis approach to generate timely results. Visual summary maps displaying key concepts/ideas were created for each interview and revised based on input from multiple team members. Maps that displayed similar concepts were then combined to create a final map, forming the themes and subthemes.

Results
Sixteen healthcare providers participated, of which 11 worked in a hospital, and five worked in a community setting. COVID-19 was reported to have profoundly impacted healthcare providers, patients, and their caregivers and influenced the communication processes. There were several noted opportunities for technology to support transitions.

Interpretation
Several challenges with technology use were highlighted, which could impact post-pandemic sustainability. However, the perceived opportunities for technology in supporting transitions indicate the need to investigate the optimal role of technology in the transition workflow.
Epidemiological characteristics and pathological changes of primary glomerular diseases
Authors: Li Yan , Yu XiaoYang , Zhang WenJing , Lv Jia , Lan Ping , Wang ZhiGang , Sun JiPing , Xie LiYi , Lu WanHong , Feng XueLiang , Jiang Hongli , Zhang Yali 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveBy analyzing the pathological characteristics and clinical data of renal biopsy in our hospital in the past 20 years, to further understand the epidemic characteristics and pathological changes of primary glomerular disease, and to provide regional data for the big data of kidney disease in my country.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 9448 patients with primary glomerular disease who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2019, aged 18 years or older, and undergoing renal biopsy. Divided every 5 years into a group, a total of 4 groups (first group 2000.1.1–2004.12.31, second groups 2005.1.1–2009.12.31; third groups 2010.1.1–2014.12.31, fourth groups 2015.1.1–2019.12.31).Results① There were more males than females, and male: female vs 1.53:1. The proportion of men in the past five years has increased compared with the previous 15 years. ② Mostly middle-aged, with a median age of 41.39 years old. The age is increasing over time. There are differences between the four groups,P<0.001; ③ The most common clinical manifestations are nephrotic syndrome, followed by chronic glomerulonephritis. Occult glomerulonephritis, the proportion of patients with nephrotic syndrome increases over time, first to fourth group (40.08%< 42.64% < 47.08%< 53.69%); ④ The most common pathology type from 2000 to 2009 was mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. IgA nephropathy was the most common type from 2010 to 2014, but the proportion of membranous nephropathy increased year by year, and it became the most common pathological type from 2015 to 2019; ⑤ The clinical and pathological manifestations of different genders are different, but there is no statistical difference.ConclusionIn the past 20 years, the primary glomerular disease is mainly middle-aged. There are more men than women. The most common type of clinical manifestation is nephrotic syndrome. The pathological type is mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Over time, the average age is increasing, and the proportion of patients with renal syndrome is increasing. IgA nephropathy is the most common pathological type from 2010 to 2014, and membranous nephropathy has become the main pathological type in the past 5 years.
Parents’ views on accepting, declining, and expanding newborn bloodspot screening
Authors: van der Pal Sylvia M. , Wins Sophie , Klapwijk Jasmijn E. , van Dijk Tessa , Kater-Kuipers Adriana , van der Ploeg Catharina P. B. , Jans Suze M. P. J. , Kemp Stephan , Verschoof-Puite Rendelien K. , van den Bosch Lion J. M. , Henneman Lidewij 
Published: August 2022

Introduction
The goal of newborn bloodspot screening (NBS) is the early detection of treatable disorders in newborns to offer early intervention. Worldwide, the number of conditions screened for is expanding, which might affect public acceptance. In the Netherlands, participation is high (>99%), but little is known about how parents perceive NBS. This study assessed parents’ views on accepting, declining and expanding NBS.

Methods
A total of 804 of 6051 (13%) invited parents who participated in NBS in the Netherlands during the last two weeks of December 2019, and 48 of 1162 (4%) invited parents who declined participation in NBS in 2019 and 2020, completed a questionnaire.

Results
The most important reason for parents to participate in NBS was to prevent health complaints, whereas the most important reason to decline NBS was parents’ viewpoint on life and the belief that the heel prick would be painful for the child. Compared to NBS participants, respondents who declined NBS were more actively religious, considered alternative medicine or lifestyle more important, were less inclined to vaccinate their child for infectious diseases, and reported more doubt about NBS participation (all differences p < .001). Informed choice was lower among respondents who declined NBS (44%) compared to participants in NBS (83%, p < .001), mostly due to insufficient knowledge. Of the NBS participants, 95% were positive about NBS expansion. Most NBS participants agreed to include conditions that could unintentionally reveal a diagnosis in the mother instead of the child (86%) or a condition that may not cause symptoms until later in the child’s life (84%).

Conclusion
Most participants made an informed decision to participate in NBS and are positive about screening for more conditions. Insights into parents’ views on (non-)participation and expansion of NBS can help to ensure that NBS suits the population needs while safeguarding ethical principles for screening.
Consumer awareness and production practices of farmers on antimicrobial residues in chicken eggs and Chinese cabbage in Dodoma, Central Tanzania
Authors: Mongi Richard John , Meshi Eugene Benjamin , Ntwenya Julius Edward 
Published: August 2022

Background
Antimicrobial residues (ABs) in foods contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance, which is becoming a major public health concern around the world. Understanding food production practices concerning antimicrobial use and consumer awareness on the possibility of ABs in foods is necessary for developing mitigation strategies. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the production practices and awareness among eggs and Chinese cabbage consumers in Dodoma city.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire and checklist to collect data on awareness and production practices from 420 consumers, 30 chicken egg farmers, and 30 Chinese cabbage farmers in eight city wards.

Findings
About 42% of consumers of eggs and Chinese cabbages were not aware of the likelihood of antimicrobial residues in these foods. The awareness was significantly influenced by the consumer’s educational level (p = 0.001) and geographical location (p = 0.045), with educated and urban consumers being 7.7 and 1.6 times more informed than their uneducated and peri-urban counterparts. Furthermore, the majority of chicken farmers raised more layers than broilers, and they all used antimicrobial drugs, mainly tetracycline and its variants, to treat and prevent diseases. The findings also revealed that many vegetable producers utilized wastes from animals treated with antimicrobials as manure to amend the soil.

Conclusion
In a view of the findings, a considerable number of egg and Chinese cabbage consumers in Dodoma city were unaware on the likelihood of antimicrobial residues in these foods from their production practices. All chicken farmers utilized antimicrobial drugs mainly tetracycline and its derivatives, for the treatment and prevention of diseases while vegetable producers used wastes from animals treated with antimicrobials as soil manure. Therefore, initiatives to inform farmers and consumers about the possibility of antimicrobial residues in these foods and their related public health risks upon long-term consumption are strongly advised.
Physical activity and sedentarism among seniors in France, and their impact on health
Authors: Pierre Jérémy , Collinet Cécile , Schut Pierre-Olaf , Verdot Charlotte 
Published: August 2022

Background
In the context of the ageing of the French population, physical activity becomes a principal means for maintaining good health. International organisations are thus giving increasing importance to physical activity in programmes of disease-prevention. In parallel with these concerns, studies have shown the impact of sedentary activities (in particularly as a result of the seated position and screen time) on health.

Objective
To show the links between physical activity, sedentarism and health indicators and to identify the socio-demographic variables by which they are influenced (particularly gender).

Study design
This is a transversal epidemiological study conducted among the French population between 2014 and 2016 by Santé publique France, the national public health agency.

Methods
The RPAQ (Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire) was used to measure the physical activity and sedentary lifestyle of individuals. The analyses focus on the behaviours among the population of older adults (55–74 years old, n = 1155).

Results
A third of French older adults does not meet the WHO recommended physical activity levels, particularly so among women. The results of this survey point to significant links between health indicators (especially overweight and obesity) and the physical activity level and sedentarity of older adults. From the age of 60, energy expenditure linked to physical activity increases before decreasing from the age of 65. Older adults spend almost 6 hours per day in sedentary activities. The combinations between physical activity and sedentarism highlight four profiles of older adults. The most active profile is the one with the best health indicators.

Conclusion
The links between health, sedentarity and physical activity are unequivocal: people who achieve the WHO recommendations for physical activity and spend less than 7 hours each day in sedentary activities are those who also have the best health indicators. These results vary with sociographic characteristics and reveal significant links with health indicators.
The effect of acute sleep extension vs active recovery on post exercise recovery kinetics in rugby union players
Authors: Leduc Cedric , Weaving Dan , Owen Cameron , Ramirez-Lopez Carlos , Chantler Sarah , Aloulou Anis , Tee Jason , Jones Ben 
Published: August 2022

Background
Elite rugby players experience poor sleep quality and quantity. This lack of sleep could compromise post-exercise recovery. Therefore, it appears central to encourage sleep in order to improve recovery kinetics. However, the effectiveness of an acute ergogenic strategy such as sleep extension on recovery has yet to be investigated among athletes.

Aim
To compare the effects of a single night of sleep extension to an active recovery session (CON) on post-exercise recovery kinetics.

Methods
In a randomised cross-over design, 10 male rugby union players participated in two evening training sessions (19:30) involving collision activity, 7-days apart. After each session, participants either extended their sleep to 10 hours or attended an early morning recovery session (07:30). Prior to (PRE), immediately after (POST 0 hour [h]), 14h (POST 14) and 36h (POST 36) post training, neuromuscular, perceptual and cognitive measures of fatigue were assessed. Objective sleep parameters were monitored two days before the training session and over the two-day recovery period.

Results
The training session induced substantial decreases in countermovement jump mean power and wellness across all time points, while heart rate recovery decreased at POST 0 in both conditions. Sleep extension resulted in greater total sleep time (effect size [90% confidence interval]: 5.35 [4.56 to 6.14]) but greater sleep fragmentation than CON (2.85 [2.00 to 3.70]). Between group differences highlight a faster recovery of cognitive performance following sleep extension (-1.53 [-2.33 to -0.74]) at POST 14, while autonomic function (-1.00 [-1.85 to -0.16]) and upper-body neuromuscular function (-0.78 [-1.65 to 0.08]) were better in CON. However, no difference in recovery status between groups was observed at POST 36.

Conclusion
The main finding of this study suggests that sleep extension could affect cognitive function positively but did not improve neuromuscular function the day after a late exercise bout.
Maternal exposure to intimate partner violence and uptake of maternal healthcare services in Ethiopia: Evidence from a national survey
Authors: Ousman Seman K. , Gebremariam Mekdes K. , Sundby Johanne , Magnus Jeanette H. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundWomen exposed to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) often do not utilize maternal health care optimally both because of stigma and other social problems. The current study aims to explore an association between maternal healthcare seeking and violence exposure among Ethiopian women and to assess if educational attainment and wealth status moderate this association.MethodsThe analyses included 2836 (weighted) currently married women with one live birth. We focus on the five years preceding the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) who participate, in the domestic violence sub-study. Exposure was determined by maternal reports of physical, emotional, sexual IPV or any form of IPV. The utilization of antenatal care (ANC) and place of delivery were used as proxy outcome variables for uptake of skilled maternal healthcare utilization. Women’s education attainment and wealth status were selected as potential moderators, as they can enable women with psychological and financial resources to counteract impact of IPV. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between spousal IPV and maternal health outcomes. Moderation effects by education and wealth status were tested, and the data stratified. Using statistical software Stata MP 16.1, the restricted maximum likelihood method, we obtained the model estimates.ResultsAbout 27.5% of the women who reported exposure to any form of IPV had a health facility delivery. While 23.4% and 22.4% visited four or more antenatal care services among mothers exposed to emotional IPV and sexual IPV, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, only the association between maternal exposure to emotional IPV and adequate use of ANC was statistically significant (OR = 0.73, (95% CI:0.56–0.95)). But we found no significant association between IPV and utilization of health facility delivery. Some moderation effects of education and wealth in the association between IPV and maternal healthcare service utilization outcome were found.ConclusionExposure to emotional IPV was associated with poor uptake of maternal health care service utilization for married Ethiopian women. While developing interventions to improve women’s maternal healthcare service use, it is crucial to consider the effects of socio-economic variables that moderate the association especially with the intersection of IPV.
Primary headaches increase the risk of dementias: An 8-year nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Seon-Jip , Park Sang Min , Cho Hyun-Jae , Park Ji Woon 
Published: August 2022

Background
Headache, a highly prevalent neurological disorder, has consistently been linked with an elevated risk of dementia. However, most studies are focused on the relationship with migraine in limited age groups. Therefore, the objective of this research was to look at the link between various type of headaches and dementias based on longitudinal population-based data.

Methods and results
Participants diagnosed with headache from 2002 to 2005 were selected and major covariates were collected. The diagnoses of Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and other dementias were observed from 2006 until 2013. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of dementias according to headache type were calculated by Cox proportional hazards regression. A number of 470,652 participants were observed for a mean of 7.6 years (standard deviation: 1.2), for approximately 3.6 million person-years. Both tension type headache (TTH) and migraine elevated the risk of all-cause dementias (TTH, aHR 1.18, 95% CI 1.13–2.24; migraine, aHR 1.18, 95% CI 1.13–2.24). Headaches had a greater influence in females and non-smokers as a risk factor of dementias. Patients with migraine who consumed alcohol had a higher risk of dementia, however this was not true with TTH patients. Among participants without comorbidities, TTH patients were more susceptible to dementia than migraine patients. Headache patients had a higher proportion of females regardless of headache type and approximately 1.5 times more individuals had three or more comorbidities compared to those without headache.

Conclusions
Headache could be an independent predictor for subsequent dementia risk. Future studies should focus on clarifying pathogenic pathways and possible dementia-related preventive measures in headache populations.