bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on assessment of HbA1c level as a diagnostic criterion of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Agnibha Dutta  , Ashish P Dudhe  , Subhasish Deb  , Somnath Dasgupta  , Amit Sarkar  
Published: January 2025

Aims and Objectives: We compared performance of HbA1c in diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus with that of fasting plasma glucose and tried to determine cut off point of HbA1c for optimum sensitivity and specificity in a population of eastern India both from urban and rural background.
Materials and Methods: The analysis was conducted in persons aged between 40 and 80 years, visiting our institution, who are newly diagnosed as diabetic and non-diabetic attending hospital for some other reason, who underwent FPG and HbA1c testing, in the time period January 2013 to August 2014.
Results: From 100 individuals (mean age 54.6 years) HbA1c ? 6.5% produced sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 72%, positive predictive value 76.27% and negative predictive value 87.80% when compared to FPG ? 126 mg% as standard. By ROC curve, optimum cut off point for HbA1c was found to be 7.05% for diagnosis of diabetes.
Conclusion: Using a cut off value of HbA1c of 7% may optimise detection of diabetes mellitus and ensure proper patient care.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 49-52
Correlation of Iodine content of mother’s milk and urine with their child’s TSH level
Authors: Singh Shruti , Madhab Lamsal  , Nirmal Baral  , Nisha Keshary Bhatta  , Dhruba K Uprety  
Published: January 2025

Background: Iodine deficiency is still a significant public health problem. In the rural plains of Nepal, it remains a mild-to-moderate public health problem among pregnant and lactating women despite the availability of iodized salt. To date, only limited attention has been paid to breast-milk iodine content despite its importance in the intellectual development of infants.

Objectives: (i) To determine iodine content in mother’s urine, mother’s milk and to measure their respective child’s TSH level. (ii) To correlate iodine content of mother’s urine with child’s TSH level and also mother’s milk content with child’s TSH level.
Setting and Design: cross sectional study in human using consecutive sampling technique
Materials and Methods: Mother’s urinary and milk iodine level was measured by Ammonium Persulfate Digestion Microplate method using Sandell-Kolthoff reaction in a sealing cassette (Hitachi, Japan) and child’s TSH by ELISA commercial Kit from Eliscan (RFCL, India) based on classical sandwich technique.
Statistical analysis used: Spearman’s correlation was performed in quantitative variables. A p-value less than 0.05 and 0.001 were considered statistically significant and highly significant respectively
Results: The median mother’s urine was 174.96 µg/L(97.39-215.43) and their respective median child TSH level was 3.86 mIU/L(2.66-4.80). Median mother’s milk iodine was 129.90 µg/L (94.14-165.94).There was significant negative correlation between mothers’ urinary iodine content and their child’s TSH (r2= -0.391, p = 0.005) and between mother’s urinary iodine and their child’s TSH (r2= -0.471, p = 0.001). There was positive correlation between mother’s milk iodine and mother urinary iodine but not statistically significant ((r2= 0.261, p = 0.067).
Conclusion: Mothers urinary iodine, mother’s milk iodine and child TSH are interrelated with each other.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 40-48
Multiple recurrent cerebral hydatidosis: A case report with review of literature
Authors: P Nikhita  , HN Vani  , P Dattatreya  , N Nijaguna  
Published: January 2025

Echinococcisis is an emerging zoonotic parasitic disease worldwide and is a significant health burden among developing nations. Cystic hydatidosis is more commonly found in lungs and liver but rarely cerebral involvement can occur. Multiple hydatid cysts of brain are uncommon and may be wither primary or secondary. Hydatid cyst shoud be considered as a differential diagnosis for cystic lesions of the brain. Here we are reporting a 8 year old boy with multiple cerebral hydatid cysts recurring within three months after surgical rupture of a primary large cerebral hydatid cyst.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 105-107
Intra uterine insemination: Limitations in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rekha Rani  , Maruti Sinha  , Ratnaboli Bhattacharya  , Ridhima Gupta  , Gurcharan Kaur  
Published: January 2025

Aims and Objectives: Infertile couples need expert guidance to be able to choose an appropriate therapy relevant to their sub-fertility where one in seven couples have infertility. The present study has been designed to study the clinical effectiveness of IUI in enhancing pregnancy rates in cases of unexplained infertility and to compare it with other modalities of expectant treatment. We enumerate our experience with IUI at Kasturba Hospital with a special effort to assess any limitations in performing this procedure in tertiary care centres like ours.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study with observational analysis of data on sub fertile couples who underwent COH and IUI as a part of the management protocol in our hospital- Kasturba Hospital, New Delhi. The period of study extended from 2007 to 2014. Infertility work up of all the registered couples was done on a standard investigation protocol. The male partner was also assessed by a detailed history and semen analysis.
Results: Average females were less than 30 years of age at 48.1% Majority of couples were having primary infertility (82.28%) whereas only 17.72% had secondary infertility. Pregnancy rates achieved with single IUI (22.55%) was more than that achieved in double IUI (11.11%). Pre rupture IUI resulted in higher pregnancy rates (23.08%) than post rupture ones (15.12%). Out of pregnancies that occurred from IUI cycles, term deliveries were 21.52% and there were 6.33% spontaneous miscarriages. Only 2.53% had twin pregnancies.
Conclusion: In a resource deprived country like India where low per capita income make IVF-ET an unaffordable option to most of the patients, IUI has found wide acceptance with much lower costs. However the biggest limitation in offering IUI is that most of the tertiary care centres in India are yet to eqiup itself with standard IUI Laboratories to thus make Intra Uterine insemination widely available at affordably low cost.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 76-81
Filum terminale paraganglioma a diagnostic dilemmas- A case report
Authors: Mithilesh Kumar Pandey  , Debajit Ray Barman  , Sibaji Dasgupta  , Kaushik Roy  , Suniti Kumar Saha  
Published: January 2025

Filum terminale paraganglioma is a rare tumour with usual short segment spinal involvement (one or two segments) as described in various literatures. It can also present with long segment spinal involvement as in our case, the tumour has involved L4 to S1 segments. Prognosis of filum terminale paraganglioma is excellent after total excision as it is classified under WHO grade I tumor. Nonetheless, after subtotal removal, tumour recurrence can occur. Even such an extremely rare entity with a larger spectrum of presentation can be treated successfully by total removal of the tumour. Here we present a fi lum terminale paraganglioma which was diagnosed after histopathology and immuno-histochemistry. Patient made a full recovery after tumour removal.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(2) 2015 104-106
Vagal schwannoma in parapharyngeal space -anatomical perspective
Authors: Suniti R Mishra  , Shailendra Singh  , Harendra Kumar Gautam  , Ashutosh Singh  , Chayanika Pantola  , Sushobhana Kumar  , Rahul Singh  , Jigyasa Passey  
Published: January 2025

A rare case of Schwannoma of Vagus nerve in Parapharyngeal Space was admitted in Otolaryngology department of GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Schwannoma is a rare tumor in the Parapharyngeal Space. The patient was a 32 yr old male with chief complaints of difficulty in swallowing and swelling in the neck since last 4 years. On examination there was a firm swelling on right side of neck and uvula was deviated towards Left Side. On CT & MRI examination a heterogenous mass was seen in Parapharyngeal space. The case was diagnosed as a case of vagal schwannoma in parapharyngeal space. The tumor was surgically excised. Histopathological Examination revealed the Tumor as Schwannoma.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(2) 2015 100-103
Gastric mucosal biopsies in non ulcer dyspepsia: A histopathologic study
Authors: Priya Singh  , KC Goswami  , Bharat Bhushan Gupta  
Published: January 2025

Background: Non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) is a major health problem and one of the most common causes of morbidity and economic loss. The aim of the study was to determine the pattern of gastric mucosal histopathologic alterations and frequency of Helicobacter pylori in patients with NUD.
Materials and Methods: Patients presenting to Gastroenterology Out Patient Department over a period of one year with symptoms of dyspepsia but without any endoscopic lesion were taken up for the study and evaluated by obtaining two gastric mucosal biopsy specimens each from antrum and body mucosa. The specimens were processed and examined histologically using the updated Sydney system.
Results: Gastric biopsies from 102 patients (63 females and 39 males) with NUD were studied. Histological examination of gastric mucosal biopsies showed that 82.3% of NUD patients had histopathological features of gastritis. Chronic infl ammation was present in 84 (82.3%), activity was seen in 63 (61.7%), glandular atrophy was seen in 10 (9.8%) and intestinal metaplasia was seen in 4 (3.9%) patients with NUD on gastric biopsy. Maximum number of patients with NUD had Sydney score of less than 5 (68.6%).H pylori were identifi ed on gastric mucosal biopsies in 49 (48.0%) patients with NUD based on H & E and Geimsa stained sections.
Conclusion: NUD is a clinical problem which occurs in both sexes in all age groups; prevalence being low below 20 years of age. Patients with this condition have a high frequency of gastric mucosal inflammation and H pylori infection.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(2) 2015 80-84
Severe iron deficiency anaemia following bariatric surgery
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  
Published: January 2025

The human body stores energy in the fat cells as triglycerides, which when needed gets released as free fatty acids. This physiologic system enables humans to withstand starvation for several months. But this system may get interrupted by genetic factors and sedentary lifestyle, leading to increase adipose energy stores and morbidity or mortality. Obesity is a chronic condition, which may be difficult to treat with therapeutic lifestyle modifications alone, that is diet and exercise. In such cases, bariatric surgery (BS) is an option to lose weight, in order to prevent serious health issues. However, nutritional deficiencies following this surgery have been of great concern. This case report is regarding a young lady who developed severe iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) within 6 months of BS despite taking nutritional supplements.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 110-112
Pancytopenia following rituximab therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: Could filgrastim be a temporary solution?
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  
Published: January 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the peripheral joints and can also have extraarticular manifestations. The introduction of biological agents have opened new windows to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against CD20 cells, thereby reducing the inflammation. There have been reports of neutropenia, but pancytopenia is an uncommon incident. Filgrastim, a human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, can stimulate neutrophil production. The patient being described is a case of rheumatoid arthritis, who developed severe pancytopenia following rituximab therapy. She was given filgrastim injections, which temporarily normalized her leucopenia and neutropenia. This report emphasizes the possibility of developing pancytopenia following rituximab injection and the need of regular follow up of complete blood counts. In such cases, filgrastim may be a temporary solution. Also special consideration should be given to the increased risk of infections after taking rituximab.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 138-141
A case of wet purpura due to etoricoxib induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Vinod Krishnan  
Published: January 2025

Etoricoxib is a selective cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor, commonly used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, gout and back pain. Pretibial edema and erythema, gastric irritation and risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular thrombotic events are some of the reported adverse effects due to etoricoxib. This case report is regarding a patient who presented with wet purpura following etoricoxib intake. Drug induced thrombocytopenia is an unreported side effect of etoricoxib.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 135-137
Should MRI replace mammography as the initial screening modality for asymptomatic women aged 18 – 45 years at high risk of developing breast cancer? A systematic review
Authors: GM Akpaniwo  , S Boynes  , M Danfulani  , NI Chigozie  , A Umar  
Published: January 2025

Background: Breast cancer occurs in both men and women, although it is more prevalent among women. Mammography is generally the diagnostic imaging modality of choice, but it is limited in the detection of breast cancer in young women, aged 18-45 years due to the dense nature of their breast tissue.
Aims and Objectives: This review explores whether MRI should replace mammography as the initial screening modality for asymptomatic women, aged 18-45 years at high risk of developing breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken. A search of Medline, Pubmed central, Cinahl and Google scholar for English language literature from 2004 to 2015 was undertaken. Also a review of reference lists, author searching and review of NICE evidence base for exiting guidelines was done. Included studies were assessed for bias using STARD quality assessment tool and data were extracted systematically using a purposefully designed data extraction form.
Result: From the seven included studies, 179 participants of the total population had breast cancer and a total of 199 breast cancer was detected by both modality used. MRI detected a total 148 breast cancers compared to 78 detected by mammography, and 10 interval cancer was reported. Sensitivity estimate from the included studies ranged from 25% to 100% while specificity ranged from 79% to 99%. MRI detected more breast cancer but had a moderate specificity compared to mammography as reported in the literature.
Conclusion: In the absence of contraindication and accessibility, MRI should be used as the initial screening modality for asymptomatic women aged 18 – 45 years, at high risk of developing breast cancer.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 1-9
Comparison of performance in physiology subject assessed by short essay type questions and multiple choice questions of first year medical students
Authors: Pradeep Kumar  , JP Ghildiyal  , Ravindra Singh Rajpoot  , Sanjeev Kumar  
Published: January 2025

Background: Assessment and evaluation in the curriculum of medical education plays an important role to enhance the learning ability of medical students and should provide the level of actual performance as well as the capacity to improve overall performance.
Aims and Objectives: In the present study, the performance of medical students in Physiology was assessed by conventional type short essay questions (SEQ) and multiple choice questions (MCQ).
Materials and Methods: This prospective (observational) study was conducted in the subject of Physiology, A total of 380 samples were taken from students enrolled for the 1st year medical curriculum in year 2013 to 2015. The subjects were divided in two groups: subjects of this group-I was assessed with two theory papers consist of short essay question (SEQ), practical exam without OSPE. The subjects of group-II were assessed their theory part only by MCQs and maximum part of practical exam by objective structured practical examination (OSPE).
Results: The theory performance was significantly higher (p<0.05) in group-II students assessed by totally MCQ based two system tests and one terminal exams as compared to conventional type (SEQ). While the marks obtained in practical was assesses by six lab leaving tests, one terminal practical exam (OSPE) was also significantly high (p<0.005) as compared to group-I. Our data showed that the performance of two problem solving tests (one long clinical case) and grant viva (oral) was significantly less in group-II(table-I).
Conclusion: The objectivity of questions prefers over short essay questions by students as they scores well in theory as well as in practical exams , while they poorly performed in clinical exam (the assessment of higher cognitive functions). The objectivity may eliminate the subjective difference in conventional type of evaluation.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 82-84
Incidence and impact on prognosis of heart failure in Middle Eastern patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Ayman J Hammoudeh  , Dalal Al-Natour  , Yousef Khader  , Imad A Alhaddad  , Ramzi Tabbalat  , Eyas Al-Mousa  , Akram Saleh  
Published: January 2025

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) that adversely impacts survival and quality of life.
Aims and Objectives: We sought to study the incidence of HF in Middle Eastern patients undergoing PCI and its impact on prognosis.
Materials and Methods: The first Jordanian PCI Registry was a prospective multicenter study of PCI patients who were followed for one year. Patients who developed heart failure during hospitalization had their clinical and coronary angiographic profiles and adverse outcomes compared with those in patients who did not develop HF.
Results: Of 2425 patients who had PCI, 194 (8.0%) developed HF during the hospital stay. Compared with patients who did not develop HF, those who developed HF were more likely to have diabetes mellitus, prior history of myocardial infarction (MI), elevated levels of cardiac biomarkers, ST-segment elevation MI and multivessel or left anterior descending coronary artery disease (all p values<0.05). Cardiac mortality was significantly higher among patients who developed HF compared with those who did not (5.2% vs. 0.4%; p<0.0001) and at one year (11.2% vs. 1.2%; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that HF during hospital stay was an independent predictor of one-year cardiac mortality (Odds ratio 6.1, 95% CI 3.3-11.1, p<0.001) . At one year, readmission rates for HF and ACS were higher among HF patients.
Conclusions: Certain clinical and angiographic features were associated with higher incidence of HF among Middle Eastern patients who undergo PCI. HF was associated with higher risk of death and other adverse cardiac events during hospital stay and one year of follow up.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(2) 2017 20-28
Eating disorder/and or eating behavior researches from West Bengal, India: Suppressing the facts??
Authors: Arup Ratan Bandyopadhyay  
Published: January 2025

The present attempt is to review the research articles concerning to eating disorder/ and or eating behavior on anthropological approach from West Bengal, India. The review, concentrated on the five published research work (between 2014 and 2016) including a review article (funded by University of Calcutta) mostly funded from Biological Anthropology unit of the Statistical Institute, Kolkata India. Most of the studies, concerned with socio demographic concomitants particularly, without addressing the major issues related to the well known insight of genetics of eating disorder /and or eating behavior. Moreover, the review article (2016) on Eating Behaviours and Body Weight Concerns among Adolescent Girls attempted to find out the probable factors which are devoid of any genetic study on eating behaviours and body weight concerns among the adolescent. Most of the research article miserably failed either to justify the research article title or ended up with much known facts. Under this circumstances, the present review is the dual endeavor firstly, earnest plead to the researcher to avoid the over simplification concerning research on eating disorder /and or eating behavior and on the other hand, to sketch a probable direction of the research for the scholars, who might have inclination to undertake such an important research issue in this century.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(2) 2017 14-19
Unilateral accessory muscles of forearm-and its clinical implications
Authors: Kosuri Kalyan Chakravarthi  
Published: January 2025

An accessory or aberrant musculature may stimulate a ganglion or a soft tissue tumour or if in close proximity to a nerve, it may cause pressure neuritis. Identification of these variations is important in defining the anatomical features for clinical diagnosis and surgical procedures. During routine cadaveric dissection of the forearm in the department of anatomy, we observed an accessory muscle in the flexor compartment and additional extensor carpi radialis longus muscle in the extensor compartment of the forearm in left upper limb of a middle aged female cadaver. The accessory muscle belly has taken its tendinous origin from the medial surface of the ulna deep to the flexor digitorum superficialis and crossed the median nerve from medial to lateral, when traced below in the carpal tunnel it merged with the tendon of the index finger of flexor digitorum superficialis. An additional extensor carpi radialis longus muscle with unusual course of radial nerve in the extensor compartment of the forearm was found on the medial side of brachioradialis and superficial to extensor carpi radialis longus and its tendon ended by getting inserted into the base of the dorsal surface of the second metacarpal bone. Although many anatomical variations of flexor digitorum superficialis and extensor carpi radialis longus muscle were reported in the past, we describe a rare case, first of its kind, which to our knowledge has not been mentioned in the literature till date. Such variations are clinically significant in the anatomical, surgical and radiological procedures.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(2) 2017 94-96
Thyroid dysfunctions and renal status: implications in hyponatremia
Authors: Sibasish Sahoo  , Suprava Patel  , Anirban Ganguly  , Rachita Nanda  , Eli Mohapatra  
Published: January 2025

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder which has been linked to the development of hyponatremia. However, the data supporting the development of hyponatremia is inadequate and confusing.
Aims and Objectives: Therefore this study was conducted to investigate an association between hypothyroidism and hyponatremia and to correlate it with other related parameters like renal function status.
Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of laboratory records of one hundred fifty individuals with TSH level above the normal served as cases and one hundred fifty one individuals with normal TSH served as controls.
Results: Hyponatremia(<135mEq/L) was observed in only twenty-one percent of cases of hypothyroidism. Although patients of hypothyroidism had a significantly lower sodium levels than controls, this was not evident with severity of disease. A high creatinine level evident in the overt cases did not affect the sodium level, although the chloride level was reduced.
Conclusion: The present study showed that hyponatremia is not a commonly associated with hypothyroidism and screening for hyponatremia is not essential in such patients.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4) 2017 6-10