bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of regional CH 4 emanation and total particulate pollution from the underground coal mines
Authors: Ayub Ayesha , Ahmad Sheikh Saeed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Emission of methane from the underground coalmine is currently a global concern. The study aims to quantify the emission of potent toxic gases along with atmospheric dust in the suburbs of underground coal mines, in the field of Balochistan Pakistan. Related variables selected for quality check included particulate matter (i.e. PM10), CH4, O2, CO and elemental composition of PM10 (i.e. Cr, Cd, Co, Fe, Cu, Pb, Ni and Mn). A seasonal comparative study was designed. Widely applied GIS tool (i.e.IDW) was incorporated. Strengthening data with correlation matrix analysis apprehended interrelationship among the variables. Air quality variables were found above the safe allowable limits set by various standards (WHO, EPA, NIOSH, U.S National Ambient Air Concentration). No significant seasonal variation was recorded; but the pollutant concentration remained elevated during both seasons. Pearson correlation matrix analysis showed that CH4 had a strong negative correlation with O2. Moreover, air probed inside the underground coalmine showed a deteriorated status. This alarming status is primarily attributed to all the mining activities and secondarily to vehicular emissions, mine fire and poor ventilation system. This study will provide a baseline data for concerned authorities for planning management, pollutant prevention and strategies for environmental monitoring in future.
Comparing saliva and blood for the detection of mosaic genomic abnormalities that cause syndromic intellectual disability
Authors: Wall Meaghan , Francis David , Scheffer Ingrid , Tan Tiong , Murali Krithika , Gallacher Lyndon , Amor David , Goel Himanshu , Downie Lilian , Stutterd Chloe , Krzesinski Emma , Vasudevan Anand , Oertel Ralph , Petrovic Vida , Boys Amber , Wei Vivian , Burgess Trent , Dun Karen , Oliver Karen , Baxter Anne , Hackett Anna , Ayres Samantha , Lunke Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We aimed to determine whether SNP-microarray genomic testing of saliva had a greater diagnostic yield than blood for pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs). We selected patients who underwent CMA testing of both blood and saliva from 23,289 blood and 21,857 saliva samples. Our cohort comprised 370 individuals who had testing of both, 224 with syndromic intellectual disability (ID) and 146 with isolated ID. Mosaic pathogenic CNVs or aneuploidy were detected in saliva but not in blood in 20/370 (4.4%). All 20 individuals had syndromic ID, accounting for 9.1% of the syndromic ID sub-cohort. Pathogenic CNVs were large in size (median of 46 Mb), and terminal in nature, with median mosaicism of 27.5% (not exceeding 40%). By contrast, non-mosaic pathogenic CNVs were 100% concordant between blood and saliva, considerably smaller in size (median of 0.65 Mb), and predominantly interstitial in location. Given that salivary microarray testing has increased diagnostic utility over blood in individuals with syndromic ID, we recommend it as a first-tier testing in this group.
The relationship between food skills and cooking skills, and eating behaviors in people with overweight or obesity
Authors: Arslan Sedat , Selcuk Kevser Tarı , sahin Nursel , Atan Ramazan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground In the present study, the authors aimed to determine food skills and cooking skills, and eating behaviors, and to evaluate the relationship between food skills and cooking skills, and eating behaviors in people with overweight or obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 185 people with overweight or obesity. The researchers collected the study data using the face-to-face interview method through a questionnaire including the Descriptive Information Form, Cooking Skills and Food Skills Scale, and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21. Numbers, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Student's t-test, Pearson Chi-Square test, and multiple linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results The mean scores the individuals obtained from the overall Cooking Skills and Food Skills Scale, and cooking skills, food skills, uncontrolled eating, cognitive restraint, and emotional eating sub-dimensions were 148.17 ± 52.20, 70.45 ± 27.48, 77.84 ± 28.90, 43.90 ± 22.74, 36.95 ± 23.93 and 38.94 ± 29.17 respectively. Multiple linear regression was fitted to determine the association between food skills and cooking skills and eating behaviors while adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Food skills and cooking skills were positively associated with uncontrolled eating (β = 0.213, p = 0.030), cognitive restraint (β = 0.245, p = 0.009), and emotional eating behaviors (β = 0.338, p = 0.001). Conclusion In people with overweight or obesity, cognitive restraint and emotional eating behaviors improve as their food preparation and cooking skills improve. Therefore, education and public health practices on eating awareness, food skills, and cooking skills can play an important role in bringing healthy behavior change into practice in society.
Iron Drives Anabolic Metabolism Through Active Histone Demethylation and mTORC1
Authors: Shapiro Jason , Chang Hsiang-Chun , Zhao Zibo , Waxali Zohra , Hong Bong Jin , Chen Haimei , Geier Justin , Bartom Elizabeth , De Jesus Adam , Keyhani-Nejad Farnaz , Sato Tatsuya , Ramos-Alonso Lucia , Romero Antonia , Martínez-Pastor María Teresa , Jiang Shang-Chuan , Sah-Teli Shiv K. , Li Liming , Bentrem David , Lopaschuk Gary , BEN-SAHRA Issam , O'Halloran Thomas , Shilatifard Ali , Puig Sergi , Bergelson Joy , Koivunen Peppi , Ardehali Hossein 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
All living cells require a minimal iron threshold to sustain anabolic metabolism. However, the mechanisms by which cells sense iron to regulate anabolic processes are unclear. Here, we report a universal eukaryotic pathway for iron sensing in which molecular iron is required to sustain active histone demethylation and maintain the expression of critical components of the pro-anabolic mTORC1 pathway. Specifically, we identify the iron-binding histone-demethylase KDM3B as an intrinsic iron sensor that regulates mTORC1 activity by demethylating H3K9me2 at enhancers of genes encoding high-affinity leucine transporters and RAPTOR. By directly suppressing leucine availability and RAPTOR levels, iron deficiency (ID) supersedes other nutrient inputs into mTORC1. This process occurs in vivo, and is not an indirect effect by canonical iron-utilizing pathways. Elevated expression of KDM3B targets is associated with reduced survival in a subset of human cancers and ID represses mTORC1 in patient-derived tumor cells and sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy. These data demonstrate a novel mechanism of eukaryotic iron sensing through dynamic chromatin remodeling and repression of mTORC1 mediated anabolism. Due to ancestral eukaryotes sharing homologues of KDMs and mTORC1 core components, this pathway likely predated the emergence of the other kingdom-specific nutrient sensors for mTORC1.
Attitude toward brachycephalic dogs is influenced by age, sex, parenthood, education, and personality but not by eye-contact preference or health-awareness
Authors: Bognár Zsófia , Kubinyi Enikő 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Brachycephalic (“flat-faced”) dogs are popular despite their health problems. We assumed that people who like brachycephalic dogs have lower knowledge about the associated health problems; they have a specific personality profile and highly value these dogs’ tendencies to form eye contact with humans. We applied an online survey (N = 1156 respondents) and found that, in contrast to our expectations, people with a positive attitude toward brachycephalism associated more health problems with it and did not prefer photos of dogs looking into the camera (“forming eye-contact”) over dogs looking away. In addition, they were more often younger, were women, had children, were less educated, and had a higher level of agreeableness and dog-directed emotional empathy. The results suggest that brachycephalic dogs’ tendency to form eye contact does not contribute to their popularity, and neither high emotional empathy nor knowledge about health problems deters people from liking these dogs. Future research should examine how dog behaviours other than forming eye-contact maintain the popularity of flat-faced dogs and how owners’ sensitivity to fashion trends as well as not recognizing that a dog is suffering from health issues, contribute.
Tumor-bowel fistula as a rare form of recurrent ovarian cancer – imaging and treatment. The pilot study
Authors: Jankowska-Lombarska Melania , Grabowska-Derlatka Laretta , Derlatka Pawel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the value of imaging techniques (CT and MRI) in the diagnosis of a tumor-bowel fistula as a rare form of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) relapse. We also performed an initial assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment of this form of relapse.
Methods. The study group consisted of 8 patients with suspected platinum-sensitive recurrence in the form of a tumor/bowel fistula. All patients finished their first line of chemotherapy and subsequently showed complete remission for 6 months or more. To qualify patients for further treatment, CT and MRI were performed, which suggested the presence of a fistula between the recurrent tumor and intestine. DESKTOP study criteria were used to qualify patients for secondary cytoreduction. Second-line chemotherapy was given after secondary debulking.
Results. In all patients, fistulas formed between the tumor and large bowel. On CT, the fistulas were indirectly visible. In all cases, the fistula was visible on MR images, which showed hypointensity on the T2 and T1 postcontrast sequences but did not show restricted diffusion on the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequence. Patients who were qualified for the study underwent secondary debulking with bowel resection. In all eight cases, the fistula between the tumor and surrounding organs was confirmed. During surgery, seven intestinal anastomoses and one colostomy were performed. No residual macroscopic tumor remained in seven cases (resection R0-87,5%). The progression-free survival was 8.4-22.6 months (median 13.4). In the group with cytoreduction R0, the median PFS was 15.5 months (12-22).
Conclusion. In the case of relapsed EOC in patients with clinical symptoms in the form of a fistula, CT should not be the only diagnostic method, as MRI is a superior method for diagnosing fistulas. Bowel resection with simultaneous anastomosis seems to be a good and safe solution for these patients. However, an appropriate qualification for surgery is essential.
Full-order adaptive sliding mode control with extended state observer for high-speed PMSM speed regulation
Authors: Luo Meng , Yu Zhichun , Xiao Yang , Xiong Liyong , Xu Qiang , Ma Li , Wu Zhihong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In order to achieve speed control of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor with high precision, the sliding mode control (SMC) is usually adopted. However, the inherent chattering phenomenon affects the speed control performance. In order to solve this problem, a composite speed regulator is proposed in this paper, which is made up of two parts: the adaptive full-order SMC and extended state observer (ESO). Switching gain adaption law is proposed for minimizing chattering as much as possible while ensuring the robustness of sliding mode control. The total disturbance is estimated by the ESO and through feedforward, thus improving the system anti-disturbance ability. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed speed regulator has been validated in the test bench.
The effectiveness of a newly designed evaporative cooling short pants in decreasing physiological and perceptual heat strain under hot/dry laboratory conditions
Authors: Raisi Sina Malek , Dehghan Habibollah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of newly designed evaporative cooling short pants (ECSP) in decreasing physiological and perceptual heat strain under hot/dry laboratory conditions.
Methods: At the first, an evaporative cooling short pants was designed. Then, to evaluate this cooling garment, 12 healthy men participated in the test. The subjects performed the test at two stages, including test with regular pants and test with ECSP. During each stage, the physiological and perceptual parameters, including heart rate, local temperature in thighs, ear temperature, sweat rate, thermal sensation, sweat sensation, and thermal comfort, were measured every 5 minutes for 60 minutes.
Results: The results showed that use of the cooling short pants compared to regular pants could not significantly decrease the parameters of heart rate (P=0.547), ear temperature (P=0.487), sweat rate (P=0.368), local and general sweat sensation (P=0.632) and (P=0.368) respectively. However, use of this garment significantly decreased the mean value of local temperature in thighs by 3 °C (P=0.002), local and general thermal sensation of body by 1.4 (P=0.002) and 0.4 (P=0.006), respectively and increased the mean values of local and general thermal comfort by 1.2 (P=0.003) and 0.7 (P=0.002), respectively.
Conclusion: The results revealed that designed evaporative cooling short pants reduced local temperature in thighs and had positive effect on controlling the perceptual heat strain.
The Break-Fast study protocol: a single arm pre-post study to measure the effect of a protein-rich breakfast on autophagic flux in fasting healthy individuals
Authors: Bensalem Julien , Heilbronn Leonie K. , Gore Jemima R. , Hutchison Amy T. , Sargeant Timothy J. , Fourrier Célia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Autophagy is a cellular process that cleanses cells and is particularly important during ageing. Autophagy has been extensively studied in vitro and in animal models and is known to be sensitive to nutrition. However, human data are limited because autophagic flux (autophagic degradative activity) has been challenging to measure in humans. This protocol paper describes the Break-Fast study, in which autophagic flux will be measured using a recently developed blood test, before and after ingestion of whey protein. This aims to determine whether an acute nutritional intervention can change autophagy in humans.
Methods
A minimum of forty healthy participants (both male and female) aged 20-50 years, BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 will be recruited into this single arm pre-post study. Participants will visit the clinic after an overnight fast for a first blood collection after which they will consume a whey protein-rich drink. A second blood collection will be performed 60 minutes after consumption of the drink. The primary outcome is the change in autophagic flux at 60 minutes post drink. Secondary outcomes include changes in blood glucose, autophagy-related proteins and mRNA, plasma hormones (e.g. insulin, C-peptide, adiponectin, GLP-1, GIP, ghrelin), cytokines, amino acids and lipids, protein synthesis, and correlation between molecular cell damage and autophagic flux.
Discussion
This study will provide information about whether autophagy responds to nutrients in humans, and if nutritional strategies could be used to treat or prevent autophagy-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease or cancer.
Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), anzctr.org.au ACTRN12621001029886. Registered on 5 August 2022.
Perceived Stress and Psychological Impact among practicing dentist in Bengaluru city during the COVID 19 pandemic
Authors: Rahman SAFIA , Nanjundiah Vanishree , Venkatesh Chaithra 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Public health emergencies like the current pandemic Covid-19 affect the health, safety, and well-being of both individuals and communities with psychological implications. Hence this study intends to evaluate the patterns of perceived psychological stress as well as explore the factors associated with it using the validated Covid- 19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) among practicing dentists in Bengaluru city.
Methodology:
The survey used a pretested, self-reported COVID-19 Peritraumatic Stress Index (CPDI) questionnaire. It captures the details concerning anxiety, depression, phobias, cognitive change, avoidance and compulsive behaviour, physical symptoms, and loss of social functioning and collectively quantifies the stress on a scale of 0–100. A CPDI score of ≤ 27 indicated low or no stress, 28–51 indicated mild to moderate stress, and ≥ 52 indicated severe stress. A sample size of 300 was obtained and descriptive and inferential statistics were done using SSP software version 24.
Results:
A logistic regression analysis showed that the general practitioners had higher CPDI scores which indicated significantly increased stress (p = 0.000). Similarly, practitioners with work experience between 6-10years showed significantly increased signs of stress.
Conclusion:
Every practicing dentist had some form of stress as measured according to CPDI. This is an easy tool that can be used for screening for distress during the pandemic. The risk of contagion, fear or uncertainty of education, financial implications and future practice avenues may be the cause of acute stress.
Diaphragm function in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD): a pilot study
Authors: Bernardinello Nicol , Cocconcelli Elisabetta , Boscolo Annalisa , Castelli Gioele , Sella Nicolò , Giraudo Chiara , Zanatta Elisabetta , Rea Federico , Saetta Marina , Navalesi Paolo , Spagnolo Paolo , Balestro Elisabetta 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Diaphragm ultrasound (DUS) has been extensively used in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation while data on its role in outpatients with interstitial lung disease is limited. The aim of this study was to describe the diaphragmatic function, as assessed by ultrasound, in outpatients with Connective Tissue Disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD) and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF); in addition, we searched for relevant correlations between patients’ functional parameters and diaphragmatic function. Eighty-two subjects (41 CTD-ILD and 41 IPF) were prospectively enrolled while 15 healthy subjects served as controls. A portable ultrasound unit was used to measure, during quiet breathing, right diaphragm displacement (DD), right diaphragm inspiratory thickening (Ti), right expiratory thickening (Te), and right thickening fraction (TF) during follow-up visits. In patients with CTD-ILD, DD was lower compared with patients with IPF [1.4 (0.6–2.8) vs. 1.8 (0.9–2.6); p = 0.02] while (Ti) was significantly decreased in CTD-ILD patients compared with healthy subjects [0.17 (0.08–0.27) vs. 0.19 (0.12–0.24); p = 0.04]. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between TF and all functional parameters assessed [FVC%pred. (r = 0.45, p = 0.003), TLC%pred. (r = 0.42, p = 0.006), FEV1 (L) (r = 0.39, p = 0.01) and DLCO% (r = 0.48, p = 0.001)]. Considering the entire population, a TF < 30% was associated with moderate dyspnea (mMRC ≥ 2) in multivariate analysis (OR 4.02, 95%CI [1.04–15.52]; p = 0.04). In conclusion, in patients with CTD-ILD diaphragmatic function is impaired. Specifically, diaphragm displacement and inspiratory thickening are significantly decreased in patients with CTD-ILD compared with IPF patients and healthy subjects. In the entire patient population, TF was an independent predictor of dyspnea and positively correlated with functional impairment.
Generic Exact Combinatorial Search at HPC Scale
Authors: MacGregor Ruairidh , Archibald Blair , Trinder Phil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Exact combinatorial search is essential to a wide range of important applications, and there are many large problems that need to be solved quickly. Searches are extremely challenging to parallelise due to a combination of factors,e.g. searches are non-deterministic, dynamic pruning changes the workload, and search tasks have very different runtimes. YewPar is a C++/HPX framework that generalises parallel search by providing a range of sophisticated search skeletons.

This paper demonstrates generic high performance combinatorial search, i.e. that a variety of exact combinatorial searches can be easily parallelised for HPC using YewPar. We present a new mechanism for profiling key aspects of YewPar parallel combinatorial search, and demonstrate its value. We exhibit, for the first time, generic exact combinatorial searches at HPC scale. We baseline YewPar against state-of-the-art sequential C++ and C++/OpenMP implementations. We demonstrate that deploying YewPar on an HPC system can dramatically reduce the runtime of large problems, e.g. from days to just 100 seconds. The maximum relative speedups we achieve for an enumeration search are near-linear up to 195(6825) compute-nodes(workers), super-linear for an optimisation search on up to 128(4480) (pruning reduces the workload), and sub-linear for decision searches on up to 64(2240) compute-nodes(workers).
Assessing transmission patterns of flood-related waterborne diseases in two urban municipalities of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Kouamé Parfait K. , Dongo Kouassi , Fokou Gilbert , Apkatou Bertin , Ouattara Allassane F. , Bassirou Bonfoh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Flooding increases with climate variabilities and results in health risk factors in urban settings with poor sanitation infrastructure. Expert previsions highlight that by 2030, climate change and change in land-use will increase waterborne disease transmissions. However, there are few assessments of the indirect impacts of flooding, such as waterborne pathogens and zoonoses. This research aimed at assessing flooding-related disease transmission patterns in two municipalities (Abobo and Cocody) of Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire. The study applied a cross-sectional survey with 844 households. Overall, 200 samples of rainwater from flooded households and drainage streams were collected, followed by laboratory analyses. Giardia lamblia and Vibrio cholerae spp. concentrations were assessed using the Sodium Acetate Formalin (SAF) method and the most probable number (MPN) method, respectively. Blood and urine were sampled from 129 rodents captured in households, followed by a PCR analysis to detect Leptospira species. The results show no significant difference detected in household exposure to flooding associated with solid waste management. In flooded households, perceived malaria symptoms and diarrhoea are associated with education (OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.7–0.8, p = 0.001) and waste disposal (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.2–1.6, p = 0.001). There was no V. cholerae detected in the flood water. A total of 77 cyst/ml of Giardia lamblia were found in the flood water in Abobo. Three species of rodents were identified (Mus musculus, Crocidura, Rattus), and there is no Leptospira spp. detected in water, blood and urine. The presence of waterborne pathogens associated with flood water highlighted mainly faecal contamination risk. Further interventions should focus on sanitation that reduce faecal contamination.