bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probiotics (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HNU082) supplementation relieves ulcerative colitis by affecting intestinal barrier functions, immunity-related genes expression, gut microbiota, and metabolic pathways in mice
Authors: Wu Yuqing , Jha Rajesh , Li Ao , Liu Huanwei , Zhang Zeng , Zhang Chengcheng , Zhai Qixiao , Zhang Jiachao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: As a chronic relapsing disease, probiotic treatment of ulcerative colitis can avoid resistance and side effects of conventional treatment, but its mechanism of action is unknown. This study investigated the therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of potential probiotics Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HNU082 (Lp082) on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice.Results: The results showed that the intake of Lp082 increased body weight, water intake, food intake, colon length, and reduced disease activity index, immune organ index, inflammatory markers, and histopathological score. Lp082 strengthened the biological barrier by improving the diversity and composition of gut microbiota, increasing the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria and SCFAs content, and enhancing the metabolic pathway of SCFAs. Lp082 improved the chemical barrier by increasing the goblet cells and mucin-2 and decreasing the ICAM-1 and VCAM. Lp082 enhanced the mechanical barrier by increasing the mRNA expression of ZO-1, ZO-2, occludin and decreasing claudin-1 and claudin-2. Lp082 strengthened the immune barrier by reducing the content of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MPO, IFN-γ and increasing the IL-10, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2. Lp082 also affected gene expression in mice, including that it inhibited the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-1α, Ereg, Cdc7, and others. Thus inhibited the biological processes such as IL-1β production, IL-6 production, acute inflammatory response, and promoted the expression of genes Isg15, Prg2, Abcc2, thus boosting the biological processes such as IL-10 production and drug transport. The differentially expressed genes in DSS group were primarily enriched in the disease-related KEGG pathways but were mainly enriched in the KEGG pathway associated with platelet activated autophagy in animals in Lp082 group. Lp082 also inhibited the mRNA expression of NF-κB1, NF-κB2, COX-2, iNOS, Toll-4, and others, thus suppressing the NK-KB pathways.Conclusions: Shotgun metagenomic and transcriptome analysis revealed that Lp082 could relieve ulcerative colitis, protect the intestinal mucosal barrier through SCFAs, regulate gene expression and signaling pathways. The study provides new clues to reveal the complex mechanisms of the gut barriers and genes in relieving ulcerative colitis.
Protective Effect of Royal Jelly against Hepatorenal toxicity induced by Deltamethrin in Male Albino Rats: Biochemical, Histopathological studies
Authors: Dagnew Yehun , Nkiruka Taye Onondaga , Lars Makonnen S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
One of the most environmental and industrial pollutants that are toxic to humans, animals, fishes,and birds. The most common sources of human and animal exposure to deltamethrin (DM) are polluted water and food. This study was done to evaluate the nephrohepatic toxicity of deltamethrin. Twenty-four female rats were used. The first group used as control. The secondand third groups givens deltamethrin orally in dose of 1/10 % of the LD50 equal to 0.6mg\kg bwalone and plus Royal Jelly (RJ) at dose of 100 mg/kg/day for two month, respectively. Oral administration of DM induced biochemical and histopathological alterations. DM toxicity exhibited changes in the liver and kidney function tests manifested by increase AST, ALT, urea, uric acid, and creatinine with no changes were noticed in plasma proteins when compared to control group. Giving RJ ameliorated the hepatorenal toxicity by causing recovery in both liver and kidney functions in comparison to DM given group. Pathologically, severe degenerative and necrotic changes in livers and kidneys showed in deltamethrin group, where it improved to moderate to mild lesions by protective royal gel substance. This study concluded that royal gel substance has been shown benefit in lower down the side effects and increasing the rate of improvement of injury induced by of Deltamethrin.
Symmetry and Middle Paleolithic Points: A Case Study of Iran's Middle Paleolithic Points
Authors: Feizi Nasim , Nasab Hamed Vahdati 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The throwing capacity of Middle Paleolithic points has been an important issue since the discovery of the Neanderthal’s toolbox. Homos (Neanderthals or H. sapiens) made thrusting points with limited or no throwing capability in the Middle Paleolithic. Projectile points as a long-range weapon replaced thrusting and guaranteed the survival of modern humans. Several attempts have been made to recognize the aerodynamic differences between Middle and Upper Paleolithic Points. However, up to now, far too little attention has been paid to the symmetry and projectile motion rules related to it. This paper measured symmetry and other morphological features, including length, width, weight, cross-sectional area, flatting, and elongation, on 280 points collected from five Iranian Middle Paleolithic sites. In addition, the Iranian Middle Paleolithic data is compared with several Middle, Upper, and Neolithic sites outside of Iran. The results indicate that the evolution of symmetry increased elongation and that proportionality in measurable characteristics was a critical factor in creating projectile points.
Brain network study of attentional cognitive impairment in children with bronchial asthma
Authors: Jiang Kaihua , Zhu Lin , Ge Yawen , Shangguan Qiuling , Chen Yi , He Ye , Wu Jianfeng , Qin Congyin , Xiong Jianxin , Zhao Jing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Bronchial asthma often causes cognitive impairment, especially attentional deficit, which has a serious impact on children’s learning, but the lack of functional imaging evidence has affected targeted intervention for children.Methods: Thirty-one asthmatic and typically developing children (TDC) were studied by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain network-based degree centricity and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) methods were used.Results: Compared with the TDC group, asthmatic children had lower DC values in the right superior frontal gyrus (after FDR correction, P<0.05). Meanwhile, VMHC values of bilateral superior frontal gyrus and bilateral superior parietal lobule in asthmatic children were lower than those in TDC children (after FDR correction, P<0.05).Conclusions: In this study, impaired superior frontal gyrus and parietal lobe function are associated with attentional deficit in asthmatic children, and these brain regions are key brain regions in attention-related networks.
Nb and Ta intracrustal differentiation during granulite-facies metamorphism: Evidence from geochemical data of natural rocks and thermodynamic modeling
Authors: Huang Guangyu , Chen Yi , Guo Jinghui , Palin Richard , Zhao Lei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Both continental crust and depleted mantle are characterized by subchondritic Nb/Ta, leading to a mass imbalance when compared to the bulk Earth. Even though several potential high-Nb/Ta reservoirs in Earth’s core and undepleted mantle have been proposed, little attention has been given to those in the crust. Here we present bulk-rock and rutile geochemical data for samples from a lower crustal pelitic granulite, North China Craton, which exhibit systematic variation in their Nb and Ta contents. High-temperature (HT) and ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) granulite residues exhibit Nb/Ta ratios that are close to chondritic and subchondritic, respectively, whereas leucosomes from UHT granulite mostly have suprachondritic Nb/Ta. These variations are best explained via competition for Nb and Ta between biotite and rutile during metamorphism, although initial bulk-rock Nb/Ta values also have an effect. As biotite preferentially incorporates Nb over Ta, the early stages of biotite dehydration melting produce a high-Nb/Ta residue and a low-Nb/Ta melt; however, geochemical modeling suggests that once biotite is depleted, the Nb/Ta ratio of the system is instead controlled by rutile growth, which promotes the formation of a lower Nb/Ta residue and a higher Nb/Ta melt, even though the volume of melt produced at this stage may be small. We propose that in situ and in-source leucosomes and leucocractic veins in UHT terranes may retain a high-Nb/Ta geochemical signature. However, residual crustal-derived A2-type granites that experience significant fractionation of Nb- or Ta-bearing minerals during crystallization or contamination from other low-Nb/Ta sources cannot retain this high-Nb/Ta ratio, even though these ratios are generally higher than that of S-type granites. Anhydrous partial melting of metapelite can generate Nb-rich melts, such that high-temperature leucosomes, in addition to related A2-type granites, may represent significant Nb deposits.
Oxygen fugacity buffering in high-pressure solid media assemblies from IW-6.5 to IW+4.5 and application to the VK-edge oxybarometer
Authors: Righter Kevin , Butterworth Anna L. , Gainsforth Zack , Jilly-Rehak Christine E. , Roychoudhury Subhayan , Iacovino Kayla , Rowland Richard , Erickson Timmons M. , Pando Kellye , Ross Daniel K. , Prendergast David , Westphal Andrew J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractControl of oxygen fugacity during high-temperature phase equilibrium experiments is required to simulate the conditions that exist in natural systems. At high pressures, oxygen fugacity may be imposed using solid buffer equilibria via the classic “double capsule” technique. This design becomes untenable, however, at temperatures above the melting points of commonly used noble metal capsule materials and/or where buffer assemblages may alloy with the capsule or contaminate the sample. Here we introduce and test a modified double capsule approach that includes a solid metal-oxide buffer in close proximity to but separate from the sample of interest. Buffers used include (in order of most oxidized to reduced) Ni-NiO, Co-CoO, W-WO3, Fe-FeO, Mo-MoO2, Cr-Cr2O3, V-V2O3, Ta-Ta2O5, and Nb-NbO. At a fixed temperature, these buffers span a wide range—up to 10 log fO2 units. To demonstrate the buffering capacity of this double capsule approach, secondary redox equilibria and V-doped CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system glasses were studied in experiments using the double capsule geometry. The secondary equilibria provide an independent verification of the oxygen fugacity established in the double capsule environment. The glasses proved difficult to interpret, and our results provide guidance to future efforts to utilize the glass oxybarometer at reducing conditions. Application of this modified double capsule technique to studies of V valence in MgAl2O4 spinels led to the recognition of several factors that will affect V valence in this system: temperature of equilibration, duration of experiment, and spinel bulk composition. We have synthesized V-bearing MgAl2O4 spinel at the reduced conditions of the Cr-Cr2O3, (IW-3.51), Ta-Ta2O5, (IW-5.37), and Nb-NbO buffers (IW-5.44). This spinel exhibits a very small V3+ pre-edge peak consistent with its reduced nature. The absence of evidence for V2+ suggests that MgAl2O4 spinel excludes V2+ due to the preference of V for octahedral sites. This finding is supported by DFT calculations for spinels of variable composition, and in agreement with some other indirect evidence for preference for V3+ in aluminous spinels (Bosi et al. 2016; Paque et al. 2013).
Raman shifts ofc-BN as an idealP-Tsensor for studying water-rock interactions in a diamond-anvil cell
Authors: Ren Lu’an , Wang Chao , Li Xiaowei , Tao Renbiao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCubic boron nitride (c-BN) has the same structure as diamond, and it shows very inert reaction activity in different chemical environments, even under high-pressure (P) and high-temperature (T) conditions. Furthermore, the P- and T-dependent Raman shift of c-BN (e.g., TO mode) can be distinguished from that of the diamond anvil (c-BN at ~1054 cm–1 vs. diamond at ~1331 cm–1 at ambient conditions), making c-BN a potential P-T sensor for diamond-anvil cell (DAC) experiments. However, the Raman shift of c-BN has not been well studied at high P-T conditions, especially at temperatures above 700 K. In this study, we systematically calibrated the Raman shift of the TO mode (νTO) for synthetic c-BN grains at high-P and high-T conditions up to 15 GPa and 1300 K. Both ruby (Mao et al. 1986) and Sm2+:SrB4O7 (Datchi et al. 2007) were used as internally consistent standards for calibration of c-BN P-T sensor. Our results show that the Raman shift of c-BN is negatively correlated with temperature [∂νTO/∂T = –0.02206(71)] but positively correlated with pressure [∂νTO/∂P = –3.35(2)]. More importantly, we found that the P-T cross derivative for the Raman shift of c-BN [∂2νTO/∂P∂T = 0.00105(7)] cannot be ignored, as it was assumed in previous studies. Finally, we calibrated a Raman shift P-T sensor of c-BN up to 15 GPa and 1300 K as follows:P = A ( T ) − A ( T ) 2 + 0.2194 B ( T , Δ v ) 0.1097where A(T) = 3.47(6) + 0.00105(7)T, B(T, ΔνTO) = 2.81(51) – 0.0053(16)T – 1.78(11) × 10–5T2 – ΔνTO. The c-BN Raman shift P-T sensor in this study fills the P-T gap ranging from previously performed externally resistance-heated to laser-heated DAC experiments. The effect of c-BN grain size and Raman system laser power on the calibration were also tested for the P-T sensor. In addition, we conducted three sets of high-P-T experiments to test the practicability of c-BN P-T sensor for water-rock interaction experiments in DAC. Testing experiments showed c-BN has very stable chemical activity in water and clear Raman signal at high-P-T conditions in comparison with other P-T sensors (e.g., ruby, Sm2+:SrB4O7, and quartz). Hence, the Raman shifts of c-BN may serve as an ideal P-T sensor for studying water-rock interactions in a DAC, especially at high-P and high-T conditions relevant to subduction zones.
Ecosystem services provided by urban ponds and green spaces: a detailed study of a semi-natural site with global importance for research
Authors: Krivtsov Vladimir , Forbes Heather , Birkinshaw Steve , Olive Valerie , Chamberlain David , Buckman Jim , Yahr Rebecca , Arthur Scott , Christie Derek , Monteiro Yamina , Diekonigin Cameron 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPonds and the adjacent green spaces are an important part of urban blue-green Infrastructure (BGI) and contribute to a number of ecosystem services, including alleviation of flood risk, amelioration of climatic fluctuations, and improvement of runoff water quality, as well as biodiversity and amenity values. Multiple benefits associated with urban ponds have only recently started to be appreciated, and examples of in-depth interdisciplinary insights remain rare. This paper gives an account of the ecosystem services provided by Blackford Pond, a semi-natural water body located within a nature reserve and nominated as a site globally important for scientific research. Despite elevated levels of polluting substances and eutrophication, the overall species richness of the site is high and the biodiversity of the locality is enhanced by the ecotone effect. The diversity of available plant hosts and substrates appears to benefit the fungal community and the abundance of aquatic invertebrate fauna appears to benefit the higher trophic levels. Hydrological modelling clearly shows that the pond increases the flood resilience of the surrounding area, despite not having been designed as a drainage feature. The application of the Natural Capital Planning Tool (NCPT) also reveals higher values (in relation to the values of amenity grassland) of such ecosystem services categories as biodiversity (+4.76 per hectare), aesthetic values (+4.67), flood risk regulation (+0.41), air quality (+0.28), local (+0.6) and global (+0.14) climate regulations. The discussion highlights a number of trade-offs among different ecosystem services (e.g. water quality vs. diatom research value, flood resilience vs. air quality and carbon capture, biodiversity of ectomycorrhizal vs. lichenised fungi), and considers which of the multiple benefits provided by the site may have not been fully reflected in NCPT calculations or the economic estimates obtained using contingent valuation (e.g. effects on hydrology, water quality, wildlife corridors, education and research value). The simultaneous consideration of biodiversity, hydrology, water chemistry and amenity, education, research and other values presented in this paper contributes towards a better understanding of the ecology and overall functioning of urban ponds, and helps to increase appreciation of their benefits and promote their public acceptability and further implementation.
A novel framework for water right conflict resolution considering actors’ power and inter-organizational relationships analysis
Authors: Zanjanian Hossein , Niksokhan Mohammad Hossein , Ghorbani Mehdi , Rezaei Abdul Razaq 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Water allocation from reservoirs has always been a challenging issue for decision-makers. The more the stakeholders in the allocation projects, the more conflicts among them could be expected to receive more water rights. As a result, it is necessary to study the relations and power among organizations. In this study, the Ilam dam was used as the case study, and the social network analysis was also used to assess the interactions among the involved organizations and evaluate their power using centrality measures. Based on the network analysis and actors’ power assessment, a novel approach was applied to define and analyze the conflict associated with water quantity allocation. Accordingly, the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution was used for both basic and power-asymmetric conflict analysis models. In the power-asymmetric approach, the direct power scenario gives the most powerful actor the possibility of punishing the violating organizations using their political and executive power. Based on the status quo of the conflict, the results obtained from the equilibrium analysis show that both the power of the main actor and the nature of relationships other actors have with the most powerful actor directly influence the conflict's outcome.
Natural water defluoridation by adsorption on Laponite clay
Authors: Braik Saber , Amor Taissire Ben , Michelin Laure , Rigolet Séverinne , Bonne Magali , Lebeau Bénédicte , Hafiane Amor 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Safe drinking water is a necessity for every human being, but clean water is scarce and not easily available due to natural geochemical factors or industrial pollutant activity. Many issues involving water quality could be greatly improved using clays as adsorbents. We highlight for the first time, the uptake of fluoride from natural water by Laponite, synthetic hectorite clay, in raw and modified state. A series of batch adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption potential of the different parameters. The optimized parameters were: contact time, adsorbent dose and pH. It was found that fluoride uptake from natural water was better using raw Laponite and inorganic-modified Laponite than using organic-modified Laponite clays. Adsorbents were characterized before and after fluoride adsorption by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, FTIR, thermo gravimetric analyses and 19F solid state NMR spectroscopy. The experimental data showed that both Langmuir and Freundlich models fitted an adsorption isotherm well. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°), and entropy (ΔS°) were calculated. These parameters indicated that fluoride adsorption onto Laponite was nonspontaneous and endothermic in temperature range between 25 and 45 °C.
An In Silico Investigation of SPC24 as a Putative Biomarker of Kidney
Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma
for Predicting Prognosis and/or Immune Infiltration
Authors: Liu Yifu , Zhang Zhicheng , Sun Ting , Fu Shengqiang , Gong Binbin , Ding Yi , Zhuang Changshui , Chen Qiang , Wang Siyuan , Li Zhilong , Ma Ming 
Published: March 2022

Background and Objective:
SPC24 was reported to be correlated with the development
of many cancers. However, its role in renal cancer was unclear. Our aim was to explore the role of
SPC24 in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma
(KIRP) in types of renal cancer.

Methods:
SPC24 expressions in KIRC and KIRP were firstly analyzed. Subsequently, the correlation
between SPC24 expression and TNM staging of KIRC and KIRP and the accuracy of SPC24
in diagnosing KIRC and KIRP were explored. Moreover, the correlation between SPC24 expression
and prognosis of KIRC and KIRP were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were
performed to identify prognostic factors in KIRC and KIRP, and nomograms were constructed.
The correlation between SPC24 expression and immune cell infiltration, immune molecules, microsatellite
instability (MSI), and tumor mutational burden (TMB) were further explored. Finally,
the correlations between SPC24 expression and prognosis of KIRC based on different immune cell
enrichment were analyzed.

Results:
SPC24 was significantly up-regulated in multiple cancers, especially KIRC and KIRP.
SPC24 expression was significantly correlated with the TNM stage of KIRC and KIRP, and upregulated
SPC24 suggested a worse prognosis. Besides, SPC24 possesses good accuracy in diagnosing
KIRC and KIRP. The SPC24-based nomograms displayed satisfactory efficacy in KIRC
and KIRP. Moreover, we found that SPC24 expression was closely correlated with immune cell
infiltration, immune molecules, and TMB in KIRC, and up-regulated SPC24 revealed poor prognosis
based on different immune cell enrichment.

Conclusion:
SPC24 has the potential to be a biomarker predicting the prognosis and/or immune
infiltration of KIRC and KIRP.