bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observations of Current Sheet Heating in X-Ray during a Solar Flare
Authors: Reva A. A , Bogachev S. A. , Loboda I. P. , Ulyanov A. S. , Kirichenko A. S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the solar corona, magnetic reconnection occurs due to the finite resistivity of the plasma. At the same time, this resistivity leads to ohmic heating. Therefore, the reconnecting current sheet should heat the surrounding plasma. This paper presents experimental evidence of such plasma heating being caused by magnetic reconnection. We observed the effect during a C1.4 solar flare on 2003 February 16 at the active region NOAA 10278, near the solar limb. Thanks to such a location, we successfully identified all the principal elements of the flare: the flare arcade, the flux rope, and, most importantly, the presumed position of the current sheet. By analyzing the monochromatic X-ray images of the Sun obtained by the CORONAS-F/SPIRIT instrument in the Mg xii 8.42 Å spectral line, we detected a high-temperature (T ≥ 4 MK) emission at the predicted location of the current sheet. The high-temperature emission appeared during the CME’s impulsive acceleration phase. We believe that this additionally confirms that the plasma heating around the current sheet and the magnetic reconnection inside the current sheet are strongly connected.
GRB 211227A as a Peculiar Long Gamma-Ray Burst from a Compact Star Merger
Authors: Lü Hou-Jun , Yuan Hao-Yu , Yi Ting-Feng , Wang Xiang-Gao , Hu You-Dong , Yuan Yong , Rice Jared , Wang Jian-Guo , Cao Jia-Xin , Kong De-Feng , Fernandez-García Emilio , Castro-Tirado Alberto J. , Lian Ji-Shun , Gan Wen-Pei , Wang Shan-Qin , Xin Li-Ping , Caballero-García M. D. , Fan Yu-Feng , Liang En-Wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) associated with supernovae (SNe) are believed to originate from massive star core-collapse events, whereas short-duration GRBs that are related to compact star mergers are expected to be accompanied by kilonovae. GRB 211227A, which lasted about 84 s, had an initial short/hard spike followed by a series of soft gamma-ray extended emission at redshift z = 0.228. We performed follow-up observations of the optical emission using BOOTES, LCOGT, and the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope, but we detected no associated supernova signature, even down to very stringent limits at such a low redshift. We observed the host galaxy within a large error circle and roughly estimated the physical offset of GRB 211227A as 20.47 ± 14.47 kpc from the galaxy center. These properties are similar to those of GRB 060614, and suggest that the progenitor of GRB 211227A is not favored to be associated with the death of massive stars. Hence, we propose that GRB 211227A originates from a compact star merger. Calculating pseudo-kilonova emission for this case by adopting the typical parameters, we find that any associated pseudo-kilonova is too faint to be detected. If this is the case, it explains naturally the characteristics of the prompt emission, the lack of SN and kilonova emission, and the large physical offset from the galaxy center.
Avant le « temps de travail » industriel, des « rythmes du labeur »
Authors: Souchier Côme 
Published: May 2022

Il est problématique de parler de « temps de travail » en France avant l’industrialisation : dans cette économie essentiellement agricole, le salariat est très minoritaire, la pluriactivité courante, la législation nationale absente. Plus que de « temps de travail », il faut donc envisager des « rythmes du labeur » variables selon les occupations, les lieux et les périodes de l’année. Pour saisir les principales caractéristiques de ces « rythmes du labeur », nous nous intéressons d’abord à leurs intrications avec les rythmes naturels (soleil, saisons), puis avec les rythmes religieux (heures canoniales, dimanche, fêtes), avant d’aborder la question du salariat et de l’exigence capitaliste de productivité qui font émerger progressivement la signification moderne du « temps de travail ».
L’arbitrage travail-loisir : concilier les temps sociaux pour maximiser sa satisfaction ?
Authors: Amberny-Chevalier Diane , Clerc Marion 
Published: May 2022

Cet encadré examine l’allocation d’une ressource rare : le temps. Il revient sur les fondements microéconomiques de l’arbitrage travail-loisir, avant de s’intéresser à la répartition du travail domestique et salarié au sein des couples.
Le problème contemporain de l’héritage : des temporalités en tension
Authors: Bastin Marie 
Published: May 2022

Le retour de l’héritage dans la constitution de patrimoine depuis le dernier tiers du xx e siècle appelle une réflexion normative renouvelée. Cette dernière peut être formulée comme une tension entre deux logiques normatives distinctes : une logique de la transmission et une logique de la redistribution. Selon la première, qui raisonne sur l’espace d’une seule génération, il est juste de pouvoir transmettre librement sa richesse à ses enfants, en vertu de la nature spécifique du lien qui les unit. Selon la seconde, qui prend en compte le temps long, il faut limiter l’héritage pour lutter contre la reproduction et l’intensification des inégalités sociales. Une grande partie des difficultés posées par le problème contemporain de l’héritage repose sur la conciliation de ces deux perspectives temporelles.
La durabilité au prisme des temporalités impensées
Authors: Ruwet Coline 
Published: May 2022

Le temps est central dans la définition du développement durable. Pourtant, ce concept n’intègre pas la multiplicité et la complexité de l’enchevêtrement des temporalités au cœur de nos interactions avec le vivant. L’approche réaliste et pluridisciplinaire, proposée par les théories socio-écologiques du temps, nous invite à sortir de l’idéal de contrôle et de la rhétorique de l’urgence qui sont au cœur de la définition institutionnelle du « développement durable », afin d’y introduire la complexité des effets du temps dans les décisions et les actions politiques.
Les fictions comme moteur du capitalisme
Authors: Beckert Jens 
Published: May 2022

Le capitalisme se caractérise par son orientation vers l’avenir. Les actions des agents économiques reposent sur des « anticipations fictionnelles », qui permettent de faire face à l’incertitude. Lorsqu’elles perdent leur force de conviction, elles peuvent être à l’origine de crises. Contrôler ces fictions est donc un enjeu politique majeur.
La sphère intérieure. Usage des figures astronomiques dans les traités de Charles de Bovelles
Authors: Le Gouge Thomas 
Published: May 2022

De ses premiers manuels publiés dans les années 1500 avec Lefèvre d’Etaples aux traités sur l’immortalité de l’âme et la résurrection de la chair des années 1550, Charles de Bovelles a manifesté un intérêt constant pour la géométrie. Dans le recueil publié par Henri Estienne à Paris en 1511 de nombreuses figures illustrent en effet ses traités. Cet article porte sur les figures astronomiques du Livre du sens et du Livre du sage que Bovelles puise dans la tradition du De sphaera de Sacrobosco. En confrontant ses analyses des sens et de l’âme avec des schémas cosmologiques, il comprend le fonctionnement de la pensée à la lumière de la géométrie de l’univers ; il superpose des structures géométriques d’abord élaborées pour représenter la terre et le ciel à sa compréhension du phénomène physique de la perception par les sens ou de la vision divine. Il procède en ce sens à une intériorisation : la sphère de l’univers devient comme une image de la pensée, une sphère intérieure. Nous nous appuierons sur un exemplaire coloré du volume de 1511 et interrogerons la place que joue l’image dans la philosophie de Bovelles notamment par son interprétation singulière de l’horizon.
Les mobilisations autour de l’extractivisme. Circulation et potentiel heuristique d’un concept en voie de globalisation
Authors: Allain Mathilde , Maillet Antoine 
Published: May 2022

Les activités extractives, au cœur des modes de vie et de l’économie politique contemporains, sont l’objet dans le monde entier d’importantes mobilisations sociales. Pour traiter ensemble les dimensions globales et locales du phénomène, nous proposons d’étendre le concept d’extractivisme au-delà de son contexte latino-américain initial. Une approche comparée multi-scalaire et orientée vers le global permet d’incorporer de manière féconde les leçons de l’écologie politique dans les recherches sur les mobilisations de l’extractivisme, comme le montrent les différents articles de ce numéro. Leur lecture croisée met en exergue plusieurs aspects centraux de ces mobilisations : l’intérêt du concept d’extractivisme pour analyser un processus global, la dimension multi-scalaire des analyses des mobilisations, le décentrement du cadrage environnemental de l’action collective et la relation entre entreprises extractives et mobilisations.
Evaluation of Blood Pressure in Pediatric Survivors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Healthy Children; A Case-control Study
Authors: Ghaffari Kazem , Aghajari Mohammad Amin , Ghasemi Ali , Ghandi Yazdan , Falahati Vahid 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The exact prevalence of hypertension in children surviving acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has not been fully estimated. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) and to determine the risk factors for the development of AH in children surviving ALL with current treatments.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 150 patients (84 males, 66 females, with an age range of 1–16 years) were included in the study. Demographic and clinical information of patients were initially recorded. Hypertension is defined as average systolic blood pressure (BP) and/or diastolic BP that is greater than the 95th percentile for gender, age, and height.

Results:
The mean age at the assessment of BP was 11.3 and 9.8 years in the ALL and control group, respectively. A total of 20.6% of survivors of ALL and 10% of controls had high BP. Most patients in both groups had normal BP (65.3% patients in ALL group and 75.4% subjects in the control group). The number of patients with hypertension was significantly higher in ALL patients as compared with the control group (P = 0.026).

Conclusion:
The prevalence of AH in children surviving ALL is higher than in children in the general population, which emphasizes the need for regular monitoring of BP in children surviving ALL and intervention in the lifestyle of this population. Careful follow-up of BP status is warranted for long-term survivors of childhood cancer.
A Comparative Study of the Effect of Two Procedures of Classic Roux-en-Y and Omega Bariatric Surgery on the Control and Management of Diabetes
Authors: Sayadi Shahraki Masoud , Mahmoudieh Mohsen , Keleidari Behrooz , Melali Hamid , Algazali Abdulhakim 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Patient management after bariatric surgery is important in controlling patients’ diabetes and recurrence prevention. This study aimed to meet the medical managements of patients with diabetes 6 months after the bariatric surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was performed on 77 type 2 diabetes patients’ candidates for bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y [RYGP] and Omega). Postoperative implementation protocol was one-third of insulin for patients taking long-term insulin and the discontinuation of medications for patients of oral antidiabetic agents. Blood glucose (BG) level was checked regularly by the patients at home and the necessary medical management was applied. The weight, BG and HbA1C levels, and use of oral antidiabetic agents and insulin were assessed and recorded before 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgery.

Results:
BG levels and HbA1C percentage in the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months after the intervention in Omega group were significantly lower than RYGB group (P value < 0.05). At 1 and 3 months after surgery, the mean insulin dose received by the Omega and RYGB groups was reduced to <30 units/day and 10 units/day, respectively, following the management protocol in this study. Moreover, 23.1% and 7.7% of patients in RYGB group and 12.1% and 3% of patients in Omega group took oral antidiabetic agents 1and 3 months after surgery, respectively. Insulin and oral antidiabetic agents were completely discontinued 6 months after the surgery.

Conclusion:
The long-term management and support of the patients by the implementation of a standard protocol after surgery are of great significance in obtaining the optimal outcome after bariatric surgery.
Illness Anxiety Disorder and Its Relationship with Social Health in the Elderly, Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Tavakoli Neda , Kaviani Saeed , Amini Zahra 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The present study investigated the prevalence of illness anxiety disorder and its relationship with social health in the elderly population.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 elderly people in Isfahan referred to the educational health service in 2020. In addition to demographic characteristics, they answered the 36-item Evans hypochondriasis questionnaire and the 28-item social health questionnaire.

Results:
Four hundred elderly participants with a mean age of 68.1 ± 6.6 (range: 60–89) were included in the study. One hundred and ninety-nine (49.8%) were female and 201 (50.3%) were male. Only 24.3% of the geriatrics were in the healthy group and 21.2% in the borderline category. Seventy-two of the geriatric population (18%) had poor social health and 299 of this population (74.8%) had moderate social health, and the social health status of 29 elderlies (7.3%) was favorable. There was an inverse relationship between hypochondriasis score and total social health score and its dimensions (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
High prevalence of hypochondriasis was observed in the geriatrics compared to global studies. Most of the elderly population had moderate social health. Gender and education do not affect hypochondriasis and social health in the elderly. People with higher social health scores were clearly less likely to get hypochondriasis. Therefore, by improving the various dimensions of social health of the geriatrics, we can help reduce the prevalence of hypochondriasis in this age group.
A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 and Amitriptyline in the Prophylactic Treatment of Migraine Headaches in Children
Authors: Yaghini Omid , Hoseini Neda , Ghazavi Mohammad Reza , Mansouri Vahid , Nasiri Jafar , Moosavian Toktam , Salehi Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Migraine, one of the most common headaches in children, has a significant impact on children and their family's quality of life (QoL). There are two approaches for controlling migraine headaches preventative and controlling acute attacks. Several drugs have been used for this purpose, and tricyclic antidepressants were at the top. Amitriptyline has shown not only a desirable effect on controlling the headaches but also some adverse side effects. Recently, finding effective drugs with fewer side effects, become more critical. Among them, nutraceuticals were one of the promising ones.

Materials and Methods:
In this randomized clinical trial on 72 patients aged 5–15 years old with diagnosis of migraine based on the International Headache Society criteria, we compare the effectiveness of coenzyme Qten on frequency, duration, and severity of childhood migraine. For comparing the QoL, we used the International PedMIDAS questionnaire.

Results:
Coenzyme Qten showed good therapeutic effects in children, especially in long-term use; however, amitriptyline showed more rapid response. After 3 months of treatment, clinical outcomes in the two groups did not significantly differ from each other. Similarly, Children's QoL increased in the same way. There are more reported side effects in children using amitriptyline compared to coenzyme Qten.

Conclusions:
According to results, Co-enzyme Q10, with fewer side effects and comparable therapeutic effects, especially in the long term, could be a good drug for prophylactic treatment of migraine headaches.
Practice and Associated Factors Regarding Foot Care among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending a Rural Primary Health Center in South India
Authors: Dhandapani Srihari , Kambar Sanjay , Hiremath Murigendra Basayya 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Diabetes mellitus patients are more likely to undergo nontraumatic foot or leg amputations because they have decreased circulation to the feet or reduced sensation. This condition may cause ulcerations, infections, and delayed wound healing, leading to amputations. Adequate knowledge and practices regarding foot care will be vital in the prevention of diabetic foot complications. Hence, this study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and practices of foot care among diabetes mellitus patients attending a rural primary health center in Belagavi-South India.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of J.N. Medical College, Belagavi, for 7 months (November 2019 to May 2020). A pretested questionnaire was administered to 461 diabetes patients attending the health center. A written informed consent was obtained from each participant. They were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of 15 “yes” or “no” questions, each on foot care knowledge and practice.

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 50.28 ± 9.48 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 10.69 ± 7.09 years. Majority, i.e., 296 (64.2%) participants showed satisfactory knowledge and 293 (63.6%) showed satisfactory practice. Only 97 (21%) had poor knowledge, 90 (19.5%) had poor practice, 68 (14.8%) patients had good knowledge, and 78 (16.9%) had good practice about diabetic foot care.

Conclusions:
The low level of knowledge and practice in patients with diabetes regarding foot care necessitates an educational program to increase awareness related to foot complications of diabetes, thereby motivating diabetic patients to incorporate foot care practices in their day-to-day routine.
Melting Curve-based Assay as an Alternative Technique for the Accurate Detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Aboutalebian Shima , Mirzaaghaei Somaye , Fakhim Hamed , Faramarzi Sama , Mousavi Somayeh , Ghafel Safiyeh , Gholipour Sahar , Farhang Armin , Mirhendi Hossein , Nikaeen Mahnaz 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Early and cost-effective diagnosis and monitoring of the infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are critically important to anticipate and control the disease. We aimed to set up a SYBR Green-based one-step real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a lower-cost alternative method to detect the virus.

Materials and Methods:
An in-house SYBR Green-based PCR assay targeting the envelope (E) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes, was set up to diagnose the infection, and was compared with the reference probe-based PCR method.

Results:
When the commercial probe-based assay was considered as the reference method, SYBR Green-based PCR had a slightly lower sensitivity (81.98% and 86.25% for E and RdRp targets, respectively) and a good specificity (100% and 94.44% for E and RdRp targets, respectively). For both gene targets, three different melting temperature (Tm) patterns were found in the PCRs of the nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab samples, but no size polymorphism was seen in agarose gel electrophoresis.

Conclusion:
Further studies to improvement of the assay are needed to make it an inexpensive and reliable tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Suspecting Neonatal Severe Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Mir Naseer Yousuf , Andrabi S. Aashiq , Ashraf Mohd , Qureshi Umer A. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism (NSPHPT) is disorder characterized by severe hypercalcemia and severe hyperparathyroidism resulting from a loss of function of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), encoded by a gene located on the long arm of chromosome 3 (3q-13.3-21). It can be fatal if timely management is not initiated.

Clinical Description:
A 10-day-old exclusively breastfed girl presented with poor feeding, constipation, and lethargy for 2–3 days before admission. She was born of third-degree consanguinity to a primiparous woman with normal gestation. Born at term, with a birth weight of 3.1 kg, she was discharged uneventfully on day 3 of life. At admission, she was hemodynamically stable and normothermic but exhibited tachypnea, dehydrated with 15% weight loss as compared to birth weight, lethargy, and hypotonia. Salient investigations showed euglycemia, no dyselectrolytemia, and negative sepsis screen, but severe hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism. A final diagnosis of NSPHPT was made. Clinical exome sequencing showed homozygous CaSR gene frameshift mutation on chromosome 3.

Management:
Hypercalcemia was managed initially by standard protocol, including furosemide, hyperhydration, bisphosphonates, and cinacalcet. Subsequently, parathyroidectomy was performed at 2 months of age. Postoperatively, the infant is 5 months old and thriving well.

Conclusion:
NSPHPT should be considered in the presence of features of clinical sepsis, failure to timely regain birth weight, and a profile suggesting atypical calcium homeostasis.
Eosinophilic Myenteric Ganglionitis with Degenerative Leiomyopathy
Authors: Deswal Shivani , Mohan Neelam , Prasenjit  , Lipi Lipika 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is an umbrella term for a range of different conditions characterized by repetitive episodes or continuous symptoms and signs of bowel obstruction, including radiographic evidence of dilated intestines and air-fluid levels, due to impaired propulsion in the absence of an anatomical occluding lesion. It is a diagnostic challenge and can mimic Hirschsprung's disease.

Clinical Description:
A 10-month-old boy presented with a history of recurrent episodes of constipation since the age of 6.5 months. The first two had resolved with symptomatic treatment. The third had been associated with bilious vomiting and required exploratory laparotomy. He was referred to us when there was no symptomatic improvement. The child underwent extensive workup that included a review of earlier investigations (contrast-enhanced computerized tomography abdomen, barium enema, and sigmoid biopsy) as well as upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, workup for secondary CIPO, esophageal and antroduodenal manometry, genetic studies, for primary CIPO. A laparotomy with concurrent adhesionolysis, appendectomy, gastrostomy, and ileostomy was undertaken, which included full-thickness biopsies at multiple sites. This revealed both degenerative leiomyopathy and eosinophilic myenteric ganglionitis (EMG). Known associations of CIPO, an underactive bladder, and sinus arrhythmias were also detected.

Management:
The infant was provided with supportive therapy. A trial of steroids was given for the EMG. The child had multiple bad prognostic factors and also protracted multiple nosocomial infections. He succumbed to his illness and complications after 40 days of hospitalization.

Conclusion:
The combination of EMG and degenerative leiomyopathy has not been reported in CIPO before.