bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raspberry pulp pasteurization: Computational fluid dynamics modeling and experimental validation of color and bioactive compound retention
Authors: Badin Emiliano Emanuel , Augusto Pedro Esteves Duarte , Quevedo‐Leon Roberto Agustín , Ibarz Albert , Ribotta Pablo Daniel , Lespinard Alejandro Rafael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis work evaluated the heat transfer, fluid flow, and different reactions that occur during the pasteurization of raspberry pulp. The pulp was packed in glass jars and thermal processing was conducted by immersion in a water bath. The process was evaluated by multiphysics modeling, with the aim of determining the temperature distribution, flow pattern, the slowest heating zone (SHZ) location, the microbial inactivation, and the quality changes taking place during processing. In order to simulate the process accurately, a model was developed using experimentally measured product and heat transfer properties (density, thermal expansion, specific heat, thermal conductivity, apparent viscosity, and convective heat transfer coefficient) and kinetics of thermal degradation of quality parameters (color, anthocyanin, and ascorbic acid). The model was successfully validated against experimental measurements of both temperature and quality losses. After validation, the model was used to design and evaluate equivalent thermal processing conditions. Improved processes were identified that minimized the changes of color and the bioactive compounds, while maintaining product safety and stability.Practical ApplicationsThermal processing of raspberries may induce several physicochemical changes that impair their sensorial properties, and may reduce the content of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Hence, the design and optimization of heat treatments is a key tool to guarantee safety while, at the same time, minimizing detrimental side effects which involve a loss of quality. In this investigation, we assessed the actual thermo‐physical properties of raspberry pulp and the system heat transfer coefficients. Then, we developed a CFD model to predict the temperature and velocity transient profiles, the location of the SHZ, and the quality changes occurring in raspberry pulp during pasteurization. The findings of this study could be useful to food processors for optimizing pasteurization conditions in order to obtain safe and high‐quality raspberry pulp preserves, as well as for reducing processing energy requirements.
The structural relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment of beauty industry employees
Authors: Shin Eun Jung , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundBased on the analysis results that can further enhance organizational satisfaction and response to changes in the employment environment of cosmetic employees and workers through organizational commitment and turnover intention of cosmetic.ObjectivesThis research paper empirically analyzed changes in employment environment due to coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) pandemic and 4th industrial revolution and the effect of employees and job satisfaction on turnover intention in the cosmetic industry, and sought measures necessary for conflict management in industrial sites.MethodsA self‐report questionnaire was conducted on 508 cosmetic implementers. Statistical processing of the data collected by the data analysis method was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) WIN23.0 statistical package program through data coding and data organizing process.ResultsChanges in the employment environment were found to have a significant effect on job satisfaction (t = −11.728, p < 0.05). Changes in the employment environment were found to have a significant effect on organizational commitment, which is a dependent variable (t = −9.476, p < 0.05). Changes in the employment environment and job satisfaction were found to have a significant effect on organizational commitment, and this regression model was found to be statistically significant (F = 67.703, p < 0.05). Job satisfaction showed a significant positive (+) effect on organizational commitment rather than the employment environment (t = 6.235, p < 0.05). As a result, it was found that the organizational commitment and job satisfaction of cosmetic employees and workers affected their turnover intentions due to changes in the employment environment due to the 4th industrial revolution and the COVID‐19 pandemic.ConclusionThis study focused on the relationship between employment environment changes in the cosmetic industry due to the recent 4th industrial revolution and the COVID‐19 pandemic, and the effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment of cosmetic employees on turnover intention. Based on the results of the analysis that can further increase the organizational commitment and search for job satisfaction of cosmetic employers and workers, we intend to establish the identity of cosmetic industry organizations nationwide and raise community awareness. This study will help the development and growth of the cosmetic industry by providing basic data that can be reborn as a better cosmetic service organization.
Efficacy and safety of a new medicated nail hydrolacquer in the treatment of adults with toenail onychomycosis: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Zalacain‐Vicuña Antonio J. , Nieto Carlos , Picas Jordi , Martínez Helena , Bermejo Rafael , Corrales Adrián , Campos Francisco Fernández , Igea Soledad Anguiano , Otero‐Espinar Francisco Javier , Briones Vicente García‐Patos 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundA new water‐soluble formulation with ciclopirox has shown a higher penetration than other ciclopirox nail lacquers currently marketed, thus providing a higher concentration of ciclopirox into the nail.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new ciclopirox nail hydrolacquer compared with its vehicle and an active comparator (hydroxypropyl chitosan‐based 80 mg/g ciclopirox nail lacquer) for the treatment of toenail fungal infection.MethodsPhase III, multicenter, randomised, double‐blind, clinical trial in patients with distal mild to moderate toenail onychomycosis due to dermatophyte fungi. Patients were randomised to apply topically a ciclopirox nail hydrolacquer, its vehicle or a reference product once daily for 48 weeks with a follow‐up period of 4 weeks up to week 52.ResultsA total of 381 patients were included. No statistically significant differences were observed between patient groups in the proportion of subjects achieving a complete cure. At week 52, a higher percentage of patients in the ciclopirox nail hydrolacquer group achieved a mycological cure (negative for culture and DTS/KOH test, with results: 32.0% ciclopirox nail hydrolacquer, 23.2% vehicle and 27% reference product, respectively), and similar results were found for improvement (mycological cure and reduction of diseased nail ≥20%, with results: 27.2% ciclopirox nail hydrolacquer, 21.6% vehicle and 20.6% reference product, respectively). Regarding mycological results, only ciclopirox nail hydrolacquer demonstrated significant statistical superiority versus vehicle negativizing dermatophyte culture (p = .039) with no recurrences, relapses or re‐infections in a four‐week follow‐up patients with complete cure. The safety profile was comparable to the vehicle and reference product and consistent with the previously reported.ConclusionsA new water‐soluble formulation for a ciclopirox nail lacquer showed similar efficacy to the reference product to eradicate toenail onychomycosis and superiority in the mycological cure defined by negative culture, thus preventing reinfections and recurrences. Efficacy and safety data demonstrate the positive benefit–risk profile of this new topical antifungal preparation. [Correction added on 13 April 2023, after first online publication: The results and conclusions in the Abstract contained incorrect information and were revised in this version.]
On the independence of belief and credence
Authors: Jackson Elizabeth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMuch of the literature on the relationship between belief and credence has focused on the reduction question: that is, whether either belief or credence reduces to the other. This debate, while important, only scratches the surface of the belief‐credence connection. Even on the anti‐reductive dualist view, belief and credence could still be very tightly connected. Here, I explore questions about the belief‐credence connection that go beyond reduction. This paper is dedicated to what I call the independence question: just how independent are belief and credence? I look at this question from two angles: a descriptive one (as a psychological matter, how much can belief and credence come apart?) and a normative one (for a rational person, how closely connected are belief and credence?) I argue that those committed to minimal normative independence should accept more radical normative independence, and that cases of descriptive independence support belief‐credence dualism. This suggests that belief and credence are more independent than one might think.
Immune repertoire profiling for disease pathobiology
Authors: Katoh Hiroto , Komura Daisuke , Furuya Genta , Ishikawa Shumpei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLymphocytes consist of highly heterogeneous populations, each expressing a specific cell surface receptor corresponding to a particular antigen. Lymphocytes are both the cause and regulator of various diseases, including autoimmune/allergic diseases, lifestyle diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers. Recently, immune repertoire sequencing has attracted much attention because it helps obtain global profiles of the immune receptor sequences of infiltrating T and B cells in specimens. Immune repertoire sequencing not only helps deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of immune‐related pathology but also assists in discovering novel therapeutic modalities for diseases, thereby shedding colorful light on otherwise tiny monotonous cells when observed under a microscope. In this review article, we introduce and detail the background and methodology of immune repertoire sequencing and summarize recent scientific achievements in association with human diseases. Future perspectives on this genetic technique in the field of histopathological research will also be discussed.
Administrative burden in digital public service delivery: The social infrastructure of library programs for e‐inclusion
Authors: Giest Sarah , Samuels Annemarie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn their efforts to digitize public service delivery, countries increasingly use algorithms based on mathematical models, data and/or a combination of different administrative datasets to issue decisions, but recent studies point towards challenges around citizens' understanding, accessing, and filing objections to such automated decisions. This paper focuses on the social infrastructure supporting citizens that struggle with accessing such services. To address this, we ask: How does the social infrastructure affect administrative burdens associated with digital government services? This is studied in the Dutch context through expert interviews and observations of support programs in libraries. We find that although libraries as primary sites for these services may pose the disadvantage of being more difficult to reach for low‐literate citizens, advantages are their organizational structure at the local level as well as their currently changing role to include a growing range of services, including (digital) skills courses.
Saviors and Services: The Interface of Neoliberal Deprivation, Hegemonic Christianity, Social Exclusion, and Rural Church Resource Provision☆
Authors: Magnus Amy M. , Sherrick Alyse 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith one‐third of rural areas in the United States living in persistently high poverty, churches are some of the most prolific—and often only—sources of resource‐provision in rural places. This paper qualitatively examines the complex role that churches play as resource providers in rural areas. Further, we examine the ways churches are helpful and/or harmful in meeting the needs of those experiencing vulnerability. We fuse hegemonic Christianity with social exclusion and neoliberalism to argue that rural people may not only experience ostracization and othering, but can also lose access to already‐limited resources in rural areas as a result. Using community‐based action research, ethnography, 47 semi‐structured interviews, and research participant‐driven photography from a town we call Gordon, we find that while churches are important resource‐providers, they perpetuate hegemonic Christianity, hold exclusionary power, and act as critical gatekeepers for resources. This often results in ostracization and jeopardizes resource provision for those most vulnerable. This is a critical finding that demonstrates the complexity of resource provision, church influence, and rurality. We highlight participants’ suggestions for ways to expand services in rural places without solely relying on religious organizations.
Effectiveness of immediate dentine sealing and resin coating in reducing dental sensitivity in a child with idiopathic neuropathy and anterior dental attrition: Case report
Authors: Tapia Martinez Akemy Celeste , Vilcapoma Guerra Henry Jesús , Torres Ramos Gilmer 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic neuropathy is a peripheral nervous system disorder of unknown etiology. Patients with this disorder often suffer from bruxism problems. Bruxism is defined as an oral parafunction characterized by occlusal contacts resulting from non‐physiological, repetitive, and involuntary masticatory motor activities. These events can trigger accentuated wear of the tooth structure leading to sensitivity. Tooth sensitivity is the pain arising from the exposed dentin in response to chemical, thermal, tactile, or osmotic stimuli that cannot be explained as the result of any other dental defect or disease. Sensitivity treatment using adhesive systems has a long‐term or permanent effect. Therefore, this article is aimed at describing the management of dental sensitivity, through dentin sealing and resin coating techniques, during the dental restoration process of a child with idiopathic neuropathy and dental attrition in the anterior sector. All of this, with the consideration of using the minimal intervention philosophy.Case PresentationA 6‐year‐old male patient diagnosed with idiopathic neuropathy and suffering from multiple dental attritions with dental sensitivity in the upper anterior teeth. With the clinical‐radiographic evaluation, the family history, and the interconsultations with the neuropaediatrics service, the definitive diagnosis of dental sensitivity due to stage‐3 moderate attrition was obtained, for which rehabilitation of the upper anterior sector was planned through the use of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) and resin coating (RC). Conclusion: The use of IDS and RC techniques shows acceptable sensitivity, which is why these techniques are recommended in cases of moderate attrition in early mixed dentition. The immediate rehabilitation along with the stamping technique improved the aesthetic and functional aspects. Therefore, it is advisable to use them immediately after dentin sealing.
Use of serum amyloid A in equine medicine and surgery
Authors: Jacobsen Stine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSerum amyloid A (SAA) has become an indispensable part of the management of equine patients in general practice and specialized hospital settings. Although several proteins possess acute phase properties in horses, the usefulness of SAA exceeds that of other acute phase proteins. This is due to the highly desirable kinetics of the equine SAA response. SAA concentrations exhibit a rapid and pronounced increase in response to inflammation and a rapid decline after the resolution of inflammation. This facilitates the detection of inflammatory disease and real‐time monitoring of inflammatory activity. SAA may be used in all stages of patient management: (1) before diagnosis (to rule in/rule out inflammatory disease), (2) at the time of diagnosis (to assess the severity of inflammation and assist in prognostication), and (3) after diagnosis (to monitor changes in inflammatory activity in response to therapy, with relapse of disease, or with infectious/inflammatory complications). By assessing other acute phase reactants in addition to SAA, clinicians can succinctly stage inflammation. White blood cell counts and serum iron concentration change within hours of an inflammatory insult, SAA within a day, and fibrinogen within 2–3 days; the interrelationship of these markers thus indicates the duration and activity of the inflammatory condition. Much research on the equine SAA response and clinical use has been conducted in the last decade. This is the prerequisite for the evidence‐based use of this analyte. However, still today, most published studies involve a fairly low number of horses. To obtain solid evidence for use of SAA, future studies should be designed with larger sample sizes.
About the Observational Check of the Mechanism of Gamma Radiation in Soft Gamma Repeaters (SGR)
Authors: Bisnovatyi-Kogan G. S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Soft gamma repeaters (SGR) are identified as single neutron stars (NS) inside the Galaxy, or nearby galaxies, with sporadic transient gamma radiation. A total number of discovered SGR, including relative Anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXP), is few tens of objects. Many of them show periodic radiation, connected with NS rotation, with periods 2–12 s. The slow rotation is accompanied by small rate of loss of rotational energy, which is considerably smaller than the observed sporadic gamma ray luminosity, and is many orders less that the luminosity during giant bursts, observed in 4 SGR. Therefore the energy source is usually connected with annihilation of very strong NS magnetic field. Another model is based on release of a nuclear energy stored in the NS non-equilibrium layer. We suggest here an observational test with could distinguish between these two models.
Ethnic differences and inequities in paediatric healthcare utilisation in the UK: a scoping review
Authors: Zhang Claire X , Quigley Maria A , Bankhead Clare , Bentley Thomas , Otasowie Claire , Carson Claire 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDespite the increased policy attention on ethnic health inequities since the COVID-19 pandemic, research on ethnicity and healthcare utilisation in children has largely been overlooked.ObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to describe and appraise the quantitative evidence on ethnic differences (unequal) and inequities (unequal, unfair and disproportionate to healthcare needs) in paediatric healthcare utilisation in the UK 2001–2021.MethodsWe searched Embase, Medline and grey literature sources and mapped the number of studies that found differences and inequities by ethnic group and healthcare utilisation outcome. We summarised the distribution of studies across various methodological parameters.ResultsThe majority of the 61 included studies (n=54, 89%) identified ethnic differences or inequities in paediatric healthcare utilisation, though inequities were examined in fewer than half of studies (n=27, 44%). These studies mostly focused on primary and preventive care, and depending on whether ethnicity data were aggregated or disaggregated, findings were sometimes conflicting. Emergency and outpatient care were understudied, as were health conditions besides mental health and infectious disease. Studies used a range of ethnicity classification systems and lacked the use of theoretical frameworks. Children’s ethnicity was often the explanatory factor of interest while parent/caregiver ethnicity was largely overlooked.DiscussionWhile the current evidence base can assist policy makers to identify inequities in paediatric healthcare utilisation among certain ethnic groups, we outline recommendations to improve the validity, generalisability and comparability of research to better understand and thereby act on ethnic inequities in paediatric healthcare.
Hepatitis B virus and other transfusion-transmissible infections in child blood recipients in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: a hospital-based study
Authors: Khounvisith Vilaysone , Saysouligno Sonephet , Souvanlasy Bounpalisone , Billamay Somxay , Mongkhoune Sodaly , Vongphachanh Bounta , Snoeck Chantal J , Black Antony P , Muller Claude P , Hübschen Judith M 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionChildren requiring multiple blood transfusions are at high risk of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs). Lao People’s Democratic Republic is a low-resource setting where donor blood screening faces challenges. This study aimed to determine the burden of TTIs in children in Vientiane Capital.Methods300 children with transfusion history and 300 controls were recruited. In addition, 49 newly diagnosed transfusion recipients were followed for up to 12 months. Serum was tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and IgG antibodies against parvovirus B19, hepatitis B, C and E viruses.ResultsThe patients had a similar prevalence of anti-hepatitis B core antibodies (56; 18.7%) and hepatitis B surface antigen (8; 2.7%) as the controls (58; 19.3% and 9; 3.0%, respectively). However, there was a higher prevalence of an antibody profile suggestive of hepatitis B vaccination (anti-hepatitis B surface antibody positive/anti-hepatitis B core antibody negative) in the transfused group (140/299; 46.8%) than in controls (77/300; 25.7%, p<0.01). All other markers were similar in the patients and controls or higher in the controls: anti-hepatitis C virus (2.7% and 3.3%, p=0.6), anti-hepatitis E virus (7.5% and 12.7%, p=0.006) and anti-parvovirus B19 (2.4% and 8.5%, p=0.001). The longitudinal cohort did not show an increase in any marker over time.ConclusionOur results suggest no significant role of TTIs in Lao children. The higher prevalence of the hepatitis B vaccination profile in transfusion recipients showed that recommendations to vaccinate before commencing transfusions is at least partially implemented, although there is room for improvement.