bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward Precision Recognition of Complex Hand Motions: Wearable Thermoelectrics by Synergistic 2D Nanostructure Confinement and Controlled Reduction
Authors: Du Chunyu , Cao Min , Li Gang , Hu Yue , Zhang Yichuan , Liang Lirong , Liu Zhuoxin , Chen Guangming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSmart wearable electronics have attracted increasing attention because of their great prospects in motion monitoring. To date, a specific design of thermoelectric wearable devices aiming at precision monitoring is still challenging, although thermoelectric materials and devices have witnessed significant developments. In this work, intercalated composites of reduced graphene oxide/reduced poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (rGO/rPEDOT:PSS) are reported through the insertion of PEDOT:PSS into 2D graphene oxide layers followed by precise optimization of oxidation‐level of composite, exhibiting an outstanding thermoelectric performance along with excellent thermoelectric stability and mechanical flexibility. Furthermore, a novel‐concept, simple‐structural, self‐powered thermoelectric wearable sensor is demonstrated with rGO/rPEDOT:PSS composite as the active sensing component of the thermoelectric device. Combined with the excellent thermoelectric performance, ingenious device design, and optimized algorithm, the thermoelectric wearable device achieves precision recognition of various hand motions. This study provides a new way to design wearable sensors toward the precision recognition of human motions.
Endocytosis‐Independent and Cancer‐Selective Cytosolic Protein Delivery via Reversible Tagging with LAT1 substrate
Authors: Zhao Ziyin , Liu Xun , Hou Mengying , Zhou Renxiang , Wu Fan , Yan Jing , Li Wei , Zheng Yujia , Zhong Qinmeng , Chen Yongbing , Yin Lichen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProtein drugs targeting intracellular machineries have shown profound therapeutic potentials, but their clinical utilities are greatly hampered by the lack of efficient cytosolic delivery techniques. Existing strategies mainly rely on nanocarriers or conjugated cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs), which often have drawbacks such as materials complexity/toxicity, lack of cell specificity, and endolysosomal entrapment. Herein, a unique carrier‐free approach is reported for mediating cancer‐selective and endocytosis‐free cytosolic protein delivery. Proteins are sequentially modified with 4‐nitrophenyl 4‐(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl) benzyl carbonate as the H2O2‐responsive domain and 3,4‐dihydroxy‐l‐phenylalanine as the substrate of l‐type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1). Thus, the pro‐protein can be directly transported into tumor cells by overexpressed LAT1 on cell membranes, bypassing endocytosis and endolysosomal entrapment. In the cytosol, overproduced H2O2 restores the protein structure and activity. Using this technique, versatile proteins are delivered into tumor cells with robust efficiency, including toxins, enzymes, CRISPR‐Cas9 ribonucleoprotein, and antibodies. Furthermore, intravenously injected pro‐protein of saporin shows potent anticancer efficacy in 4T1‐tumor‐bearing mice, without provoking systemic toxicity. Such a facile and versatile pro‐protein platform may benefit the development of protein pharmaceuticals.
State‐saturated resilient filtering for nonlinear complex networks under event‐triggering protocol
Authors: Huang Cong , Mei Peng , Ding Weiping , Shi Quan , Wu Qiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article is concerned with the resilient state‐saturated filtering issue for nonlinear complex networks via the event‐triggering protocol. The nonlinear inner coupling is taken into account, thereby better reflecting the nature of the complex networks. A set of Bernoulli‐distributed sequences are introduced to model the randomly occurring nonlinearities with a given probability. The signum function is utilized to characterize the state saturation owing to the physical limits on the system. For the purpose of energy saving, an event‐triggering protocol is adopted to govern the regulation of the transmission. The objective of this article is to develop an event‐triggering resilient filtering for nonlinear complex networks subject to state saturations as well as randomly occurring nonlinearities. By using matrix analysis techniques, we first guarantee the upper bound on the filtering error covariance by means of recursions and subsequently minimize such an upper bound by looking for the proper gain matrix relying on the solutions to two difference equations. Moreover, the performance evaluation of the designed filtering scheme is conducted by analyzing the boundedness of the estimation error in the mean square sense. Finally, an experimental example is exploited to validate the usefulness of the state‐saturated resilient filtering algorithm.
Towards a more comprehensive assessment of the intensity of historical European heat waves (1979–2019)
Authors: Becker Florian N. , Fink Andreas H. , Bissolli Peter , Pinto Joaquim G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEurope has been affected by record‐breaking heat waves in recent decades. Using station data and a gridded reanalysis as input, four commonly used heat wave indices, the heat wave magnitude index daily (HWMId), excess heat factor (EHF), wet‐bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and universal thermal climate index (UTCI), are computed. The extremeness of historical European heat waves between 1979 and 2019 using the four indices and different metrics is ranked. A normalisation to enable the comparison between the four indices is introduced. Additionally, a method to quantify the influence of the input parameters on heat wave magnitude is introduced. The spatio‐temporal behaviour of heat waves is assessed by spatial–temporal tracking. The areal extent, large‐scale intensity and duration are visualized using bubble plots. As expected, temperature explains the largest variance in all indices, but humidity is nearly as important in WBGT and wind speed plays a substantial role in UTCI. While the 2010 Russian heat wave is by far the most extreme event in duration and intensity in all normalized indices, the 2018 heat wave was comparable in size for EHF, WBGT and UTCI. Interestingly, the well‐known 2003 central European heat wave was only the fifth and tenth strongest in cumulative intensity in WBGT and UTCI, respectively. The June and July 2019 heat waves were very intense, but short‐lived, thus not belonging to the top heat waves in Europe when duration and areal extent are taken into account. Overall, the proposed normalized indices and the multi‐metric assessment of large‐scale heat waves allow for a more robust description of their extremeness and will be helpful to assess heat waves worldwide and in climate projections.
Increased perceived stress is negatively associated with activities of daily living and subjective quality of life in younger, middle, and older autistic adults
Authors: McQuaid Goldie A. , Weiss Colin H. , Said Alex Job , Pelphrey Kevin A. , Lee Nancy Raitano , Wallace Gregory L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFew studies have examined self‐reported perceived stress in autistic adults. Existing studies have included relatively small, predominantly male samples and have not included older autistic adults. Using a large autistic sample (N = 713), enriched for individuals designated female at birth (59.3%), and spanning younger, middle, and older adulthood, we examined perceived stress and its associations with independence in activities of daily living and subjective quality of life (QoL). Perceived stress for autistic adults designated male or female at birth was compared to their same birth‐sex counterparts in a general population sample. In addition, within the autistic sample, effects of sex designated at birth, age, and their interaction were examined. Regression modeling examined associations between perceived stress and independence in activities of daily living and domains of subjective QoL in autistic adults, after controlling for age, sex designated at birth, and household income. Autistic adults reported significantly greater perceived stress than a general population comparison sample. Relative to autistic adults designated male at birth, those designated female at birth demonstrated significantly elevated perceived stress. Perceived stress contributed significantly to all regression models, with greater perceived stress associated with less independence in activities of daily living, and poorer subjective QoL across all domains—Physical, Psychological, Social, Environment, and Autism‐related QoL. Findings are contextualized within the literature documenting that autistic individuals experience elevated underemployment and unemployment, heightened rates of adverse life events, and increased exposure to minority stress.Lay SummaryThis study looked at self‐reported perceived stress in a large sample of autistic adults. Autistic adults reported more perceived stress than non‐autistic adults. Autistic individuals designated female at birth reported higher stress than autistic individuals designated male at birth. In autistic adults, greater perceived stress is related to less independence in activities of daily living and poorer subjective quality of life.
New strategies and therapies for the prevention of heart failure in high‐risk patients
Authors: Hammond Michael M. , Everitt Ian K. , Khan Sadiya S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite declines in total cardiovascular mortality rates in the United States, heart failure (HF) mortality rates as well as hospitalizations and readmissions have increased in the past decade. Increases have been relatively higher among young and middle‐aged adults (<65 years). Therefore, identification of individuals HF at‐risk (Stage A) or with pre‐HF (Stage B) before the onset of overt clinical signs and symptoms (Stage C) is urgently needed. Multivariate risk models (e.g., Pooled Cohort Equations to Prevent Heart Failure [PCP‐HF]) have been externally validated in diverse populations and endorsed by the 2022 HF Guidelines to apply a risk‐based framework for the prevention of HF. However, traditional risk factors included in the PCP‐HF model only account for half of an individual's lifetime risk of HF; novel risk factors (e.g., adverse pregnancy outcomes, impaired lung health, COVID‐19) are emerging as important risk‐enhancing factors that need to be accounted for in personalized approaches to prevention. In addition to determining the role of novel risk‐enhancing factors, integration of social determinants of health (SDoH) in identifying and addressing HF risk is needed to transform the current clinical paradigm for the prevention of HF. Comprehensive strategies to prevent the progression of HF must incorporate pharmacotherapies (e.g., sodium glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors that have also been termed the “statins” of HF prevention), intensive blood pressure lowering, and heart‐healthy behaviors. Future directions include investigation of novel prediction models leveraging machine learning, integration of risk‐enhancing factors and SDoH, and equitable approaches to interventions for risk‐based prevention of HF.
Improving implementation of evidence‐based therapies for heart failure
Authors: DeVore Adam D. , Bosworth Hayden B. , Granger Bradi B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTreatment options for patients with heart failure have improved rapidly over the last few decades. Data from large scale clinical trials demonstrate that medical and device therapies can improve quality of life, reduce hospitalizations for acute heart failure, and reduce mortality. However, the use of many of these therapies in routine practice is remarkably low. There are many reasons for suboptimal implementation of evidence‐based therapies for heart failure, and we believe addressing the large gap between what can be accomplished in clinical trials versus routine practice is a critical and urgent public health issue. In this review, we outline reasons for this implementation gap and review recent studies attempting to address this issue. We also provide recommendations for future interventions and areas of clinical investigation to improve implementation for patients with heart failure.
Breakthroughs in the treatment of heart failure with mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Talha Khawaja M. , Butler Javed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHistorically, only patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than or equal to 40% were considered to have heart failure (HF). However, it was later found that patients could have elevated cardiac filling pressures and the stigmata of HF signs and symptoms with normal LVEF. This subset of patients has undergone multiple taxonomical variations and is now termed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with the lower limit of LVEF assigned as roughly ≥40%–50% in clinical trials and ≥50% in HF guidelines. Patients with LVEF 41%–49% did not clearly fit these designations but bear resemblance to both heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HFpEF. This cohort was initially assigned the term HFpEF (borderline), which has also undergone several modifications and is currently termed heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF). Earlier landmark HF trials were heavily focused on patients with HFrEF. Only in the last 2 decades has there been an increasing focus on HFpEF with emergence of key drug therapies including sodium‐glucose cotransport‐2 inhibitors that have shown to improve outcomes across the whole LVEF spectrum. There is yet to be a focused clinical trial to determine therapeutic modalities for HFmrEF; most of the evidence has been extrapolated from subgroup analysis mostly from HFpEF trials. In this review, we provide an overview of the historical basis of HFpEF and HFmrEF and discuss key therapeutic advances in their management.
Risk assessment in COVID‐19: Prognostic importance of cardiovascular parameters
Authors: Zdanyte Monika , Martus Peter , Nestele Jeremy , Bild Alexander , Mizera Lars , Glatthaar Andreas , Petersen Uribe Álvaro , Emschermann Frederic , Henes Jessica‐Kristin , Geisler Tobias , Müller Karin , Gawaz Meinrad , Rath Dominik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities are highly prevalent among COVID‐19 patients and are associated with worse outcomes.HypothesisWe therefore investigated if established cardiovascular risk assessment models could efficiently predict adverse outcomes in COVID‐19. Furthermore, we aimed to generate novel risk scores including various cardiovascular parameters for prediction of short‐ and midterm outcomes in COVID‐19.MethodsWe included 441 consecutive patients diagnosed with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Patients were followed‐up for 30 days after the hospital admission for all‐cause mortality (ACM), venous/arterial thromboembolism, and mechanical ventilation. We further followed up the patients for post‐COVID‐19 syndrome for 6 months and occurrence of myocarditis, heart failure, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and rhythm events in a 12‐month follow‐up. Discrimination performance of DAPT, GRACE 2.0, PARIS‐CTE, PREDICT‐STABLE, CHA2‐DS2‐VASc, HAS‐BLED, PARIS‐MB, PRECISE‐DAPT scores for selected endpoints was evaluated by ROC‐analysis.ResultsOut of established risk assessment models, GRACE 2.0 score performed best in predicting combined endpoint and ACM. Risk assessment models including age, cardiovascular risk factors, echocardiographic parameters, and biomarkers, were generated and could successfully predict the combined endpoint, ACM, venous/arterial thromboembolism, need for mechanical ventilation, myocarditis, ACS, heart failure, and rhythm events. Prediction of post‐COVID‐19 syndrome was poor.ConclusionRisk assessment models including age, laboratory parameters, cardiovascular risk factors, and echocardiographic parameters showed good discrimination performance for adverse short‐ and midterm outcomes in COVID‐19 and outweighed discrimination performance of established cardiovascular risk assessment models.
A pilot study: Comparison of TRPS1 and GATA3 immunoperoxidase staining using cytologic smears in entities reportedly positive for GATA3
Authors: Rohra Prih , Ding Cady , Yoon Esther C. , Gan Qiong 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMetastatic breast carcinoma (mBC) is frequently encountered and may be challenging to diagnose as the tumor cells can morphologically resemble carcinomas of other primary origins. An additional challenge is that direct smears are often the only sample type available for immunostaining studies in cytology. Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome GATA‐binding type 1 1 (TRPS1) is a highly sensitive marker for BC compared to the commonly used marker GATA3, especially in triple‐negative BC (TNBC), in histologic samples. However, its sensitivity and specificity in mBC and other GATA3‐positive tumors have not been studied.MethodsThe authors identified the following cytology cases: 37 GATA3‐positive mBC cases and 19 available cases that were deemed mBC but were GATA3‐negative during the original case workup and five cases of each of eight epithelioid entities known to have high rates of GATA3 positivity and commonly seen in cytology practice. Immunostainings of TRPS1 and GATA3 were performed on the chosen smears following standard protocols.ResultsTRPS1 was positive in all 37 GATA3‐positive mBC cases and in 18 of the 19 GATA3‐negative mBC cases. TRPS1 was negative in all five of the seven frequently GATA3‐positive epithelioid entities, with the exception of salivary duct carcinomas where GATA3 was positive in a rate ranging 60%–100% among them.ConclusionsTRPS1 is as sensitive as GATA3 in GATA3‐positive mBC and is more sensitive than GATA3 in TNBC. TRPS1 is negative in most GATA3‐positive nonbreast tumors. Thus, the combination of TRPS1 and GATA3 could be used to differentiate breast primary from others in most situations.
Improving SPAD spectral estimation accuracy of rice leaves by considering the effect of leaf water content
Authors: Yu Ziyang , Zhang Xinle , Liu Huanjun , Zhang Zhongchen , Meng Linghua , Han Yu , Lu Lvping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe spectral range <1,000 nm is commonly used for estimating the chlorophyll content of plants. However, the influence of the response band of leaf water content in the Short‐Wave InfraRed on the chlorophyll estimate model is uncertain. We measured the Visible‐Near InfraRed‐Short Wave InfraRed spectral reflectance and SPAD values of rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves at different growth stages. The vegetation indices (VIs), red edge positions (REPs), and spectral characteristic parameters (SCPs) were calculated. The correlation between the above parameters and SPAD was analyzed. The effects of chlorophyll and water content on the spectral reflectance absorption characteristics of rice leaves were analyzed by the PROSPECT model. SPAD spectral estimation models were established with different inputs using the Random Forest (RF) regression algorithm. Our results are described as follows: (a) The spectral reflectance after continuum removal of rice leaves was highly correlated with SPAD in 600–690, 720–760, 1,400–1,490, and 1,900–1,980 nm. (b) Compared with VIs and REPs, the SCPs after continuum removal including the Depth (D1) and Area (A1, A2) parameters had the highest correlation with SPAD. (c) By taking into account the influence of leaf water content (LWC), the accuracy of SPAD estimation may be enhanced. The RF SPAD estimate model with SCPs of all absorption valley as inputs performed the best. The findings reveal on the mechanism of the influence of LWC on the accuracy of chlorophyll spectra estimation. It provides technical support for estimating SPAD in rice leaves with high accuracy and for developing chlorophyll tachistoscopes.
The Nickel Age in Synthetic Dual Photocatalysis: A Bright Trip Toward Materials Science
Authors: Marchi Miriam , Gentile Giuseppe , Rosso Cristian , Melchionna Michele , Fornasiero Paolo , Filippini Giacomo , Prato Maurizio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecently, the field of dual photocatalysis has grown rapidly, to become one of the most powerful tools for the functionalization of organic molecules under mild conditions. In particular, the merging of Earth‐abundant nickel‐based catalytic systems with visible‐light‐activated photoredox catalysts has allowed the development of a number of unique green synthetic approaches. This goes in the direction of ensuring an effective and sustainable chemical production, while safeguarding human health and environment. Importantly, this relatively new branch of catalysis has inspired an interdisciplinary stream of research that spans from inorganic and organic chemistry to materials science, thus establishing itself as one dominant trend in modern organic synthesis. This Review aims at illustrating the milestones on the timeline evolution of the photocatalytic systems used, with a critical analysis toward novel applications based on the use of photoactive two‐dimensional carbon‐based nanostructures. Lastly, forward‐looking opportunities within this intriguing research field are discussed.
Living on fire: Deactivating fire coral polyps for larval settlement and symbiosis in the fire coral‐associated barnacle Wanella milleporae (Thoracicalcarea: Wanellinae)
Authors: Yap Fook‐Choy , Høeg Jens T. , Chan Benny K. K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSymbiosis is increasingly recognized as being an important component in marine systems, and many such relationships are initiated when free‐swimming larvae of one partner settle and become sedentary on a host partner. Therefore, several crucial questions emerge such as the larva’s mechanism of locating a host, selection of substratum and finally settlement on the surface of its future partner. Here, we investigated these mechanisms by studying how larvae of the fire coral‐associated barnacle Wanella milleporae move, settle and establish symbiosis with their host, Millepora tenera. Cyprids of W. milleporae possess a pair of specialized antennules with bell‐shaped attachment discs that enable them to explore and settle superficially on the hostile surface of the fire coral. Intriguingly, the stinging polyps of the fire coral remain in their respective pores when the cyprids explore the fire coral surface. Even when cyprids come into contact with the nematocysts on the extended stinging polyps during the exploratory phase, no immobilization effects against the cyprids were observed. The exploratory phase of Wanella cyprids can be divided into a sequence of wide searching (large step length and high walking speed), close searching (small step length and low speed) and inspection behavior, eventually resulting in permanent settlement and metamorphosis. After settlement, xenogeneic interactions occur between the fire coral and the newly metamorphosed juvenile barnacle. This involved tissue necrosis and regeneration in the fire coral host, leading to a callus ring structure around the juvenile barnacle, enhancing survival rate after settlement. The complex exploratory and settlement patterns and interactions documented here represent a breakthrough in coral reef symbiosis studies to show how invertebrates start symbiosis with fire corals.