bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrition supplementation combined with exercise versus exercise alone in treating knee osteoarthritis: a double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Liu Wei , Yu Yingxiang , Zhang Zhida , Li Zhongxia , Wu Yanpu , Xie Lan , Xu Ziyi , Chang Cuiqing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the effectiveness of formula nutrition supplementation (mainly containing glucosamine sulphate, chondroitin sulphate and rhizoma drynariae) plus supervised exercise versus exercise alone for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods
This was a double-blinded, single-centre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. The study recruited 65 participants (40–75 years) with knee OA. Participants were randomly allocated to nutrition supplementation plus exercise (N + E) group or placebo plus exercise (P + E) group. The intervention lasted for 6 months. The primary outcome was the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score. Secondary outcomes included physical function and performance scores, lower extremity strength and serum biomarkers.

Results
Among the 65 randomised patients, 56 (86%) completed the trial. At 3 months, more participants in the N + E group than in the P + E group achieved minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in WOMAC total score (19/30 [63.3%] vs 8/26 [30.8%]; P &lt; .01). At 6 months, more participants in the N + E group than in the P + E group achieved MCID in WOMAC stiffness score (19/30 [63.3%] vs 10/26 [38.5%]; P &lt; .05). Meanwhile, at 6 months the decreased percentages of WOMAC stiffness score in the N + E group was greater than in the P + E group (P &lt; .05). The flexor peak torque at 120°/s and 180°/s in the N + E group were significantly higher than those in the P + E group at 3 months (P &lt; .05). Moreover, compared with baseline, improvements in the WOMAC overall and pain score, visual analogue scale pain and 30-second chair stand test were observed in both groups at 6 months. However, these indicators in the N + E group were improved as early as 3 months (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
The improvement effects of nutrition supplementation plus exercise were superior to those of exercise alone, and the improvement occurred earlier. Nutrition supplementation plus exercise would be a more efficient strategy for knee OA.
Parasympathetic modulation is correlated with baroreflex sensitivity and orthostatic pressor response in childhood
Authors: El Khadiri Chaima , Bokov Plamen , Dudoignon Benjamin , Benzouid Chérine , Koehl Bérengère , Hogan Julien , Delclaux Christophe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The objective of our case-control study was to evaluate the determinants of childhood cardio-vagal baroreflex failure and exaggerated orthostatic pressor response, which are risk factors for subsequent hypertension.

Methods
Four groups of children were matched for sex and age: 12 with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (autonomic nervous system dysfunction), 12 with chronic kidney disease (frequently abnormal blood pressure [BP]), 12 with sickle cell disease (frequently abnormal orthostatic BP), and 24 control children (preterm birth with normal BP). The children underwent tonometry evaluation (aortic systolic BP) and continuous BP and ECG measurements in supine and standing positions, allowing ambulatory BP monitoring and the computation of heart rate variability indices, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and orthostatic systolic BP response.

Results
Supine and standing BRS correlated significantly with aortic systolic BP (ρ= -0.34, ρ= -0.52, respectively), daytime systolic BP (ρ= -0.33, ρ= -0.54, respectively), LF power in similar body positions (supine: ρ= 0.68, standing: ρ= 0.65), and HF power (ρ= 0.78, ρ= 0.76, respectively). Orthostatic BP response correlated significantly with standing BRS (ρ= -0.38) and standing HFnu (ρ= -0.46). In multivariate analyses, only supine and standing HF power remained independently associated with the respective BRS, while standing HFnu and standing BRS were independently associated with the orthostatic pressor response.

Conclusions
Defective parasympathetic modulation’s detrimental effect on baroreflex sensitivity and the orthostatic pressor response in childhood is evident, regardless of the underlying pathology.
Educational Insights of AI-Assisted Chest Radiograph Interpretation in Lung Cancer Detection—pictorial review
Authors: England Andrew , Tugwell-Allsup Jenna R , Owen Bethan W 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chest radiographs (CXRs) are one of the most complicated, yet most frequently performed imaging examinations worldwide, and are susceptible to reporting discrepancies especially in the detection of lung cancer (LC). The use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a decision supporting tool for CXRs has been shown to aid earlier LC detection and reduce reporting discrepancies. Nevertheless, the use of AI within radiology is still in its infancy in terms of clinical implementation. There is a need for more pragmatic evidence to enhance key stakeholders’ perceptions and understating of AI within clinical practice. Most AI studies focus on comparing sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy against a re-review of pre-selected images by radiologists, often paired with complex technical data and statistical analyses. Improved understanding and awareness of AI capabilities whilst learning from AI discrepancies could help optimise human–AI interactions and acceptance within clinical practice whilst informing future research. The aim of this educational review is to provide a visual portrayal of real-world examples of missed LC cases from within a retrospective AI study, explore image quality impact on AI performance, whilst highlighting cases of AI discrepancies.
Rethinking welfare-to-work programmes in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from CalWORKs in the United States
Authors: Chang Yu-Ling , Keh MinJee , Salazar Kimberly 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Social policy scholars have raised concerns about the effectiveness and responsiveness of welfare-to-work (WTW) programmes in addressing poverty and economic hardship in the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This article investigates how California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by analysing how its rules and practices have evolved, the values or principles underpinning these changes, and the overall programme performance over time. Using a modified mixed-method research design with secondary data, we analyse up-to-date administrative data and documentations to study programme changes. Our findings highlight a contrasting programme dynamic: limited accessibility for potential clients but enhanced flexibility for current participants. Our findings also reveal a loosened welfare-work nexus in CalWORKs, demonstrated by a shift from a rigid work-first, compliance-oriented model to a more adaptive and responsive model to address diverse family needs. We argue that the COVID-19 pandemic exposed and exacerbated the challenges of the neoliberal, work-first-oriented WTW programmes, presenting a pivotal opportunity to reimagine and reform WTW programmes to enhance the well-being of low-income families in the post-pandemic era.
Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays oncogenic roles in human sporadic colorectal adenomas
Authors: Fan Lei , Guo Xinyi , Washington Mary K , Shi Jiajun , Ness Reid M , Liu Qi , Wen Wanqing , Huang Shuya , Liu Xiao , Cai Qiuyin , Zheng Wei , Coffey Robert J , Shrubsole Martha J , Su Timothy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The role of Hippo-YAP in human colorectal cancer (CRC) presents contradictory results. We examined the function of YAP in the early stages of CRC by quantitatively measuring the expression of phospho-YAPS127 (p-YAP) and five APC-related proteins in 145 sporadic adenomas from the Tennessee Colorectal Polyp Study, conducting APC sequencing for 114 adenomas, and analyzing YAP-correlated cancer pathways using gene expression data from 326 adenomas obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. The p-YAP expression was significantly correlated with YAP expression (r=0.53, P&lt;0.0001) and nuclear β-catenin (r=0.26, P=0.0018) in adenoma tissues. Both p-YAP and nuclear β-catenin were associated with APC mutations (P=0.05). A strong association was observed between p-YAP overexpression and advanced adenoma odds (OR=12.62, 95% CI=4.57-34.86, P trend&lt;0.001), which persisted after adjusting for covariates and biomarkers (OR=12.31, 95% CI=3.78-40.10, P trend&lt;0.0001). P-YAP exhibited a sensitivity of 77.4% and specificity of 78.2% in defining advanced vs. non-advanced adenomas. Additionally, synergistic interaction was noted between p-YAP positivity and nuclear β-catenin on advanced adenomas (OR=16.82, 95% CI=4.41-64.08, P&lt;0.0001). YAP-correlated genes were significantly enriched in autophagy, unfolded protein response, and sirtuin pathways showing predominantly pro-tumorigenic alterations. Collectively, YAP plays an oncogenic role in interacting with Wnt as well as other cancer pathways within human sporadic adenomas. P-YAP could be a potential biomarker for human high-risk sporadic adenomas.
Socioeconomic status and its association with outcome in patients with Cushing’s disease
Authors: Bengtsson Daniel , Järås Jacob , Burman Pia , Wahlberg Jeanette , Ragnarsson Oskar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Cushing’s disease (CD) is associated with severely impaired quality of life and shortened life expectancy. Little is known about the socioeconomic consequences of CD and their impact on long-term outcome.

Methods
This was a nationwide study including 371 patients with CD (76% women), diagnosed between 1991 and 2018, and four matched controls per patient from the background population. Clinical data were retrieved from the national Swedish pituitary register and socioeconomic data were collected from national Swedish registers from up to 20 years before and up to 20 years after diagnosis.

Results
The proportion of patients receiving disability pensions was increased, starting 6 years before diagnosis, and increased further thereafter, mainly due to mental and musculoskeletal disorders, to reach around 20-25% during long-term follow-up. Low educational level in patients with CD was associated with lower rates of employment and increased mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 2.5, 95% CI 1.1-5.4).

Conclusions
CD is associated with low socioeconomic status that is already noticeable 6 years before diagnosis and remains high during follow-up. Low socioeconomic status, in particular low educational level, is associated with adverse outcome. The findings indicate a need for pro-active rehabilitation plans as part of standard management.
Bayesian Full Waveform Inversion of Surface Waves with Annealed Stein Variational Gradient Descent
Authors: Berti Sean , Ravasi Matteo , Aleardi Mattia , Stucchi Eusebio 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Elastic full-waveform inversion has recently been utilized to estimate the physical properties of the upper tens of meters of the subsurface, leveraging its capability to exploit the complete information contained in recorded seismograms. However, due to the non-linear and ill-posed nature of the problem, standard approaches typically require an optimal starting model to avoid producing non-physical solutions. Additionally, conventional optimization methods lack a robust uncertainty quantification, which is essential for subsequent informed decision-making.
Bayesian inference offers a framework for estimating the posterior probability density function through the application of Bayes’ theorem. Methods based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo processes use multiple sample chains to quantify and characterize the uncertainty of the solution.
However, despite their ability to theoretically handle any form of distribution, these methods are computationally expensive, limiting their usage in large-scale problems with computationally expensive forward modelings, as in the case of full-waveform inversion. Variational Inference provides an alternative approach to estimating the posterior distribution through a parametric or non-parametric proposal distribution. Among this class of methods, Stein Variational Gradient Descent stands out for its ability to iteratively refine a set of samples, usually referred to as particles, to approximate the target distribution through an optimization process. However, mode and variance-collapse issues affect this approach when applied to high-dimensional inverse problems.
To address these challenges, in this work we propose to utilize an annealed variant of the Stein Variational Gradient Descent algorithm and apply this method to solve the elastic full-waveform inversion of surface waves. We validate our proposed approach with a synthetic test, where the velocity model is characterized by significant lateral and vertical velocity variations. Then, we invert a field dataset from the InterPACIFIC project, proving that our method is robust against cycle-skipping issues and can provide reasonable uncertainty estimations with a limited computational cost.
Genomic origin of Citrus reticulata “Unshiu”
Authors: Liu Shengjun , Wang Luoyun , Zhang Xiang , Sun Lifang , Ke Fuzhi , Huang Yue , Song Lizhi , Ye Haiping , Xu Jianguo , Xu Yuantao , Wang Xia , Deng Xiuxin , Liu Gaoping , Xu Qiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Satsuma mandarin (Citrus reticulata “Unshiu”) is a global cultivar with superior fruit characteristics and ranking among the top citrus cultivars in terms of production. It is also a key contributor to citrus breeding. However, the lack of high-quality genome makes the origin of Satsuma mandarin has long been a matter of debate. Here, we assembled a gap-free, high-quality genome of Satsuma mandarin. Meanwhile, we collected and sequenced 15 indigenous citrus varieties in Zhejiang Province, 12 Satsuma mandarins, 21 citrus hybrids related to Satsuma mandarin, 10 modern citrus varieties and 7 other mandarins. Through high-resolution genome analysis we inferred that Satsuma originated from a cross between C. reticulata “Ruju” × C. reticulata “Bendiguang” and proposed that Satsuma mandarin most probably originated in East area in Zhejiang Province of China, where the two parents-like cultivars are still found in a sympatric region to date. These results provide new insights into the origin model of Satsuma mandarin. The spread of mandarin is also discussed which probably associated with the culture exchange and trade activities between Japan and China from Tang Dynasty and afterwards.
Equalization current compensation control strategy for lithium-ion battery
Authors: Mao Yuexuan , Zhu Qingxiao , Fang Xuekao , Paul Williams 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in renewable energy storage applications, and battery equalization technology plays an important role in the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, on the basis of the current equalization strategy, when using the battery voltage to judge the end of equalization, the equalization current compensation is added to ensure that the battery is in the same state, and its voltage difference can better reflect the difference of state of charge, to achieve better equalization performance. The proposed strategy is verified by four sets of experiments to have a good application prospect.
Defining the tick-borne disease occupational risk among 4 high-risk vocations in South Carolina
Authors: Gual-Gonzalez Lídia , Abiodun Titilayomi , Nolan Melissa S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tick-borne diseases account for 75% of all vector-borne disease cases in the United States of America. The increase in incidence has been linked with increased exposure among outdoor workers, thus becoming occupational hazards. This brief study aimed to identify the potential occupational exposures among 4 vocational groups in South Carolina (SC) using a knowledge, attitudes, and practices questionnaire survey. A total of 176 individuals responded to the survey, across SC State Parks, SC Department of Natural Resources, SC Forestry Commission, and SC animal shelter and veterinary office employees. Veterinary-related employees had the lowest exposure risk, while forestry employees were the group with highest risk. The findings yielded discrepancies in perceived risk and preventive measures adopted; identifying a potential opportunity to develop an education and training program tailored to outdoor worker populations to maintain low tick bite exposures.
Model determination for high-dimensional longitudinal data with missing observations: an application to microfinance data
Authors: Rüter Lotta , Schienle Melanie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We propose an adaption of the multiple imputation random lasso procedure tailored to longitudinal data with unobserved fixed effects which provides robust variable selection in the presence of complex missingness, high-dimensionality, and multicollinearity. We apply it to identify social and financial success factors of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in a data-driven way from a comprehensive, balanced, and global panel with 136 characteristics for 213 MFIs over a 6-year period. We discover the importance of staff structure for MFI success and find that profitability is the most important determinant of financial success. Our results indicate that financial sustainability and breadth of outreach can be increased simultaneously while the relationship with depth of outreach is more mixed.
Properties of black hole-star binaries formed in N-body simulations of massive star clusters: implications for Gaia black holes
Authors: Fantoccoli Federico , Barber Jordan , Dosopoulou Fani , Chattopadhyay Debatri , Antonini Fabio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate black hole-star binaries formed in N-body simulations of massive, dense star clusters. We simulate 32 clusters with varying initial masses ($10^{4}~\mathrm{{\rm M}_{\odot }}$ to $10^{6}~\mathrm{{\rm M}_{\odot }}$), densities ($1200~\mathrm{{\rm M}_{\odot }pc^{-3}}$ to $10^{5}~\mathrm{{\rm M}_{\odot }~pc^{-3}}$), and metallicities (Z = 0.01, 0.001, 0.0001). Our results reveal that star clusters produce a diverse range of BH-star binaries, with dynamical interactions leading to extreme systems characterised by large orbital separations and high black hole masses. Of the ejected BH-main sequence (BH-MS) binaries, 20 per cent form dynamically, while the rest originate from the primordial binary population initially present in the cluster. Ejected BH-MS binaries that are dynamically formed have more massive black holes, lower-mass stellar companions, and over half are in a hierarchical triple system. All unbound BH-giant star (BH-GS) binaries were ejected as BH-MS binaries and evolved into the BH-GS phase outside the cluster. Due to their lower-mass companions, most dynamically formed binaries do not evolve into BH-GS systems within a Hubble time. Consequently, only 2 of the 35 ejected BH-GS binaries are dynamically formed. We explore the formation pathways of Gaia-like systems, identifying two Gaia BH1-like binaries that formed through dynamical interactions, and two Gaia BH2-like systems with a primordial origin. We did not find any system resembling Gaia BH3, which may however be attributed to the limited sample size of our simulations.
E-cigarette use initiation by sexual identity change and stability among US adults
Authors: Lee Juhan , Harlow Alyssa F 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Incorporating sexual identity fluidity and stability into the understanding of tobacco use patterns by sexual minority populations is particularly important, but less is known about how changes and stability in sexual identity relate to e-cigarette initiation.

Methods
Using three waves of the United States (US) Population Assessment of Tobacco Health (PATH) Study (Waves 4-6 [2016-2021]), we examined the association of sexual identity change and stability with e-cigarette initiation among adults who never vaped at Wave 4 (N=11,554). Changes in sexual identity were defined based on identity at Waves 4-6: (1) Consistently heterosexual; (2) Consistently Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or something else (LGB+); (3) Heterosexual at Wave 4 and LGB+ at Wave 6; (4) All other identity changes. The outcome was ever e-cigarette use at Wave 6.

Results
Among adults who never vaped at Wave 4, N=1,022 (4.0%, weighted) initiated e-cigarettes by Wave 6. Overall, N=10,166 (93.1%) reported consistently heterosexual identities, N=513 (2.7%) consistently LGB+, N=316 (1.8%) reported heterosexual identity at Wave 4 and LGB+ identity at Wave 6, and N=298 (2.4%) reported all other identities. Among adults who never used e-cigarettes at Wave 4, those who reported heterosexual at Wave 4 and LGB+ identity at Wave 6 (vs. those who reported consistently heterosexual identity) were more likely to report e-cigarette initiation at Wave 6 (aOR=1.78, 95% CI=1.05, 3.01), after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusions
This study found an increased risk of e-cigarette use initiation and continued use among US adults who changed their self-reported sexual identity from heterosexual identity to LGB+ identity.

Implications
This study found an increased risk of e-cigarette use initiation and continued use among US adults who changed their self-reported sexual identity from heterosexual identity to LGB+ identity. Findings may inform the development of tailored interventions and clinical practices, capitalizing on the coming out phase as a teaching moment to communicate the potentially harmful effects of e-cigarette use among sexual minority individuals.
How to Make a Prison Music Video If You’ve Never Been to Prison
Authors: Austin Michael L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter deals with the romanticization and fetishization of prison life and representations of the incarcerated in music videos from both a “mainstream” and a prisoner’s point of view. I discuss various representations of jail, prison, and the carceral state in music videos, especially the ways in which prison is represented as a fun playground, and as a place where sexual fantasies can be explored, where queer identities can be expressed more fully, and where gender roles can be flipped or subverted. This chapter also includes a discussion of music videos by those who have claimed “street cred” by making prison-themed music videos, despite not having spent much time in prison, and prison videos made by those who have spent time behind bars as a warning to those who may find themselves there in the future. I also investigate the ethical implications of including actual prisoners in music videos. Further, this chapter discusses “copaganda” and the ways in which the carceral state uses music videos to promote more positive views of the police at a time of increasing scrutiny and mistrust.
National parliament: formation of the standard and its variations
Authors: Alasuutari Pertti 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter connects the shaping of national parliaments to the creation of the organizational structure of world society, with nominally sovereign nation-states as its component parts. In the construction of this institutional architecture, the association between a state and a parliament becomes so strong that the claim of sovereignty and membership in the international community practically presupposes the existence of a national parliament. This chapter emphasizes the travel of ideas in the formation of legislatures, coupled with the way powerful colonial empires imposed an international order with nation-states as the self-evident component parts. The variation among world parliaments, brought about particularly by colonial world history, is also discussed.