bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autotopographies of Forced Displacement: City Walking Tours as a Path for Political Visibility
Authors: Huss Michal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Though forced displacement is prominent within academic research, as well as within public, political, and media debates, all too often the image of forcibly displaced persons is that of voiceless victims and the structural causes behind their trauma are overlooked. The article works to disrupt this problematic visualization through an original study of walking tours offered by refugees and internally displaced persons in Berlin and Jaffa. It utilizes walking as the method and theme of research, mapping the potential of walking as a collaborative pedagogy and a subaltern design tactic to claim political participation and belonging in the city. Through this, the article offers a new analytical perspective concerning the agency of discalced persons to navigate the politics of their (im)mobility and (in)visibility. The main argument is that these guided tours or ‘autotopographies’ of forced displacement hold the political capacity to alter the public visibility of displaced people, but also to illuminate aspects that are overlooked or erased within the city’s official display of memory. The article therefore advances debates about the politics of urban space and heritage sites and contributes to research which seeks to theorize the multiple geo-temporal colonial entanglement of forced displacement regimes.
Ureteric trauma caused by urethral catheter insertion: case report and literature review
Authors: Sayedin Hani , Jamieson Paul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Urethral catheterization is one of the most common procedures in medical practice. Catheterization is not only restricted for urological purposes, but also used for many other indications. For instance, urethral catheterization could be used for intensive care unit patients, trauma and multiple fracture injuries, and advanced neurological condition e.g. multiple sclerosis. Therefore, it may be performed by both well trained and not fully trained medical professionals resulting in complications. We present an 82-year-old female presented to A&E with hematuria, abdominal pain and low catheter output drainage after recent catheter exchange by the district nurse. Interestingly, non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan showed the catheter inserted into the left ureter and the catheter balloon was inflated at the level of the mid-ureter. Later contrast CT study showed extravasation confirming ureteric wall partial disruption injury. The patient was managed conservatively without apparent complications in the follow-up.
The MOSDEF survey: probing resolved stellar populations at z ∼ 2 Using a new bayesian-defined morphology metric called patchiness
Authors: Fetherolf Tara , Reddy Naveen A , Shapley Alice E , Kriek Mariska , Siana Brian , Coil Alison L , Mobasher Bahram , Freeman William R , Price Sedona H , Sanders Ryan L , Shivaei Irene , Azadi Mojegan , de Groot Laura , Leung Gene C K , Zick Tom O 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We define a new morphology metric called ‘patchiness’ (P) that is sensitive to deviations from the average of a resolved distribution, does not require the galaxy centre to be defined, and can be used on the spatially resolved distribution of any galaxy property. While the patchiness metric has a broad range of applications, we demonstrate its utility by investigating the distribution of dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) of 310 star-forming galaxies at spectroscopic redshifts 1.36 &lt; z &lt; 2.66 observed by the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey. The stellar continuum reddening distribution, derived from high-resolution multiwaveband CANDELS/3D-HST imaging, is quantified using the patchiness, Gini, and M20 coefficients. We find that the reddening maps of high-mass galaxies, which are dustier and more metal-rich on average, tend to exhibit patchier distributions (high P) with the reddest components concentrated within a single region (low M20). Our results support a picture where dust is uniformly distributed in low-mass galaxies (≲1010 M⊙), implying efficient mixing of dust throughout the ISM. On the other hand, the dust distribution is patchier in high-mass galaxies (≳1010 M⊙). Dust is concentrated near regions of active star formation and dust mixing time-scales are expected to be longer in high-mass galaxies, such that the outskirt regions of these physically larger galaxies remain relatively unenriched. This study presents direct evidence for patchy dust distributions on scales of a few kpc in high-redshift galaxies, which previously has only been suggested as a possible explanation for the observed differences between nebular and stellar continuum reddening, star formation rate indicators, and dust attenuation curves.
The molecular gas main sequence and Schmidt–Kennicutt relation are fundamental, the star-forming main sequence is a (useful) byproduct
Authors: Baker William M , Maiolino Roberto , Belfiore Francesco , Bluck Asa F L , Curti Mirko , Wylezalek Dominika , Bertemes Caroline , Bothwell M S , Lin Lihwai , Thorp Mallory , Pan Hsi-An 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTWe investigate the relationship between the star formation rate (SFR), stellar mass (M*), and molecular gas mass ($M_{\mathrm{ H}_2}$) for local star-forming galaxies. We further investigate these relationships for high-z (z = 1–3) galaxies and for the hosts of a local sample of active galactic nuclei (AGN). We explore which of these dependencies are intrinsic and which are an indirect byproduct by employing partial correlation coefficients and random forest regression. We find that for local star-forming galaxies, high-z galaxies, and AGN host galaxies, the Schmidt–Kennicutt (SK) relation (between $M_{\mathrm{ H}_2}$ and SFR) and the molecular gas main sequence (MGMS; between $M_{\mathrm{ H}_2}$ and M*) are intrinsic primary relations, while the relationship between M* and SFR, i.e. the star-forming main sequence (SFMS), is an indirect byproduct of the former two. Hence the SFMS is not a fundamental scaling relation for local or high-z galaxies. We find evidence for both the evolution of the MGMS and SK relation over cosmic time, where, at a given stellar mass, the higher the redshift, the greater the molecular gas mass and the star formation efficiency. We offer a parametrization of both the MGMS and SK relation’s evolution with redshift, showing how they combine to form the observed evolution of the SFMS. In addition, we find that the local AGN host galaxies follow an AGN–MGMS relation (as well as an AGN–SK relation), where the MGMS is offset to lower $M_{\mathrm{ H}_2}$ for a given M* compared to local star-forming galaxies.
The Impact of Genetic Surfing on Neutral Genomic Diversity
Authors: Schlichta Flávia , Moinet Antoine , Peischl Stephan , Excoffier Laurent 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Range expansions have been common in the history of most species. Serial founder effects and subsequent population growth at expansion fronts typically lead to a loss of genomic diversity along the expansion axis. A frequent consequence is the phenomenon of “gene surfing,” where variants located near the expanding front can reach high frequencies or even fix in newly colonized territories. Although gene surfing events have been characterized thoroughly for a specific locus, their effects on linked genomic regions and the overall patterns of genomic diversity have been little investigated. In this study, we simulated the evolution of whole genomes during several types of 1D and 2D range expansions differing by the extent of migration, founder events, and recombination rates. We focused on the characterization of local dips of diversity, or “troughs,” taken as a proxy for surfing events. We find that, for a given recombination rate, once we consider the amount of diversity lost since the beginning of the expansion, it is possible to predict the initial evolution of trough density and their average width irrespective of the expansion condition. Furthermore, when recombination rates vary across the genome, we find that troughs are over-represented in regions of low recombination. Therefore, range expansions can leave local and global genomic signatures often interpreted as evidence of past selective events. Given the generality of our results, they could be used as a null model for species having gone through recent expansions, and thus be helpful to correctly interpret many evolutionary biology studies.
Proton exchange by the vacuolar nitrate transporter CLCa is required for plant growth and nitrogen use efficiency
Authors: Hodin Julie , Lind Christof , Marmagne Anne , Espagne Christelle , Bianchi Michele Wolfe , De Angeli Alexis , Abou-Choucha Fadi , Bourge Mickaël , Chardon Fabien , Thomine Sebastien , Filleur Sophie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nitrate is a major nutrient and osmoticum for plants. To deal with fluctuating nitrate availability in soils, plants store this nutrient in their vacuoles. Chloride channel a (CLCa), a 2NO3−/1H+ exchanger localized to the vacuole in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), ensures this storage process. CLCa belongs to the CLC family, which includes anion/proton exchangers and anion channels. A mutation in a glutamate residue conserved across CLC exchangers is likely responsible for the conversion of exchangers to channels. Here, we show that CLCa with a mutation in glutamate 203 (E203) behaves as an anion channel in its native membrane. We introduced the CLCaE203A point mutation to investigate its physiological importance into the Arabidopsis clca knockout mutant. These CLCaE203A mutants displayed a growth deficit linked to the disruption of water homeostasis. Additionally, CLCaE203A expression failed to complement the defect in nitrate accumulation of clca and favored higher N-assimilation at the vegetative stage. Further analyses at the post-flowering stages indicated that CLCaE203A expression results in an increase in N uptake allocation to seeds, leading to a higher nitrogen use efficiency compared to the wild-type. Altogether, these results point to the critical function of the CLCa exchanger on the vacuole for plant metabolism and development.
Modular symmetry of soft supersymmetry breaking terms
Authors: Kikuchi Shota , Kobayashi Tatsuo , Nasu Kaito , Otsuka Hajime , Takada Shohei , Uchida Hikaru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study the modular symmetry of soft supersymmetry breaking terms. Soft scalar masses and A-term coefficients are invariant under the modular symmetry when we regard the F-term as a spurion with the modular weight −2. Their flavor structure is determined by the same symmetry as Yukawa couplings, i.e., fermion masses. The modular symmetric behavior of the μ-term and B-term depends on how the μ-term is generated.
Reconstructing quantum states via unambiguous state discrimination
Authors: Karimi Naser , Olyaei Hadi Z , Yahyavi Marziyeh , Jafarizadeh Mohammad Ali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce an analytical framework for the reconstruction of quantum states. The reconstruction of an unknown quantum state requires the information of a complete set of observables, obtained through experimental measurements of Hermitian operators usually defined as positive-operator-valued measures (POVMs). The scheme involves a single-qubit unambiguous state discrimination POVM, which can be generalized to perform n-qubit measurements. We also use maximum likelihood estimation as a method in the reconstruction of the density matrix from experimental data and show that the expected value of the cleaner is independent of the parameter of the density operator.
The impact of Covid-19 on animal-assisted interventions: perceptions of UK animal-assisted intervention providers
Authors: Shoesmith Emily , Gibsone Selina , Ratschen Elena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnimal-assisted interventions (AAIs) are increasingly common in UK health settings. The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted on their delivery, with many organizations offering AAIs virtually during lockdown periods. This small-scale survey aims to explore the impact of Covid-19 on the delivery of AAIs, and associated challenges and opportunities.MethodsA cross-sectional, retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted with UK AAI providers. The anonymized survey was distributed via academic and third sector networks and social media. Descriptive statistics and free-text responses are presented.ResultsThirty-six AAI providers completed the survey. Of these, 83.3% continued to deliver AAIs during the pandemic. Twenty-eight delivered AAIs remotely and highlighted associated challenges, such as clients being unable to touch the animal, and clients having restricted access to the required technology. Over half reported their animal missed face-to-face interaction. However, they also reported advantages to remote delivery, such as for those who are allergic or fearful of animals. The most commonly reported challenges of in situ delivery included difficulty maintaining distance from the client and the use of face masks, which were perceived to hinder communication.ConclusionThe transition to remote delivery has highlighted challenges and opportunities. Further research could explore these in greater depth and compare the impact of different delivery modes.
Relative contributions of endogenous and exogenous formaldehyde to formation of deoxyguanosine monoadducts and DNA-protein crosslink adducts of DNA in rat nasal mucosa
Authors: Conolly Rory B , Campbell Jerry L , Clewell Harvey J , Schroeter Jeffry , Kimbell Julia S , Gentry P Robinan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Understanding the dose-response for formaldehyde-induced nasal cancer in rats is complicated by (1) the uneven distribution of inhaled formaldehyde across the interior surface of the nasal cavity and, (2) the presence of endogenous formaldehyde (endoF) in the nasal mucosa. In this work, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling to predict flux of inhaled (exogenous) formaldehyde (exogF) from air into tissue at the specific locations where DNA adducts were measured. Experimental work has identified DNA-protein crosslink (DPX) adducts due to exogF and deoxyguanosine (DG) adducts due to both exogF and endoF. These adducts can be considered biomarkers of exposure for effects of endoF and exogF on DNA that may be part of the mechanism of tumor formation. We describe a computational model linking CFD-predicted flux of formaldehyde from air into tissue, and the intracellular production of endoF, with the formation of DPX and DG adducts. We assumed that, like exogF, endoF can produce DPX. The model accurately reproduces exogDPX, exogDG, and endoDG data after inhalation from 0.7 to 15 ppm. The dose-dependent concentrations of exogDPX and exogDG are predicted to exceed the concentrations of their endogenous counterparts at about 2 and 6 ppm exogF, respectively. At all concentrations examined, the concentrations of endoDPX and exogDPX were predicted to be at least 10-fold higher than that of their DG counterparts. The modeled dose-dependent concentrations of these adducts are suitable to be used together with data on the dose-dependence of cell proliferation to conduct quantitative modeling of formaldehyde-induced rat nasal carcinogenicity.
Pressure Injury Management in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 in a Makeshift Hospital in Indonesia: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Eveline Kezia , Indirayani Hemma W. , Pramanasari Rachmaniar , Alkaff Firas F. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Patients who are critically ill with COVID-19 need ventilation support in the ICU. However, ICU patients are at higher risk of developing a pressure injury (PI). Unfortunately, PI prevention is not optimally implemented in Indonesia, especially in the makeshift hospitals created during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, the authors report two cases of critically ill patients with COVID-19 who developed large sacral PIs during hospitalization in a makeshift hospital in Indonesia. The first patient developed a stage 3, 7 × 7-cm sacral PI on the 14th day of hospitalization. The second patient developed a stage 4, 12 × 8-cm sacral PI on the 16th day of hospitalization. Both patients had elevated d-dimer levels and used a noninvasive ventilator for 1 week. The wounds were treated with surgical debridement, silver hydrogel dressing, and hydrocolloid dressing and complemented with static air mattress overlay. The authors recommend that in situations where there is a shortage of healthcare workers, the government should provide pressure-redistribution devices and silicone foam dressings for all critically ill patients to prevent PI development and lighten the workload of healthcare workers.
Effects of Topical Oils on Neonatal Skin: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aksucu Gözde , Azak Merve , Çağlar Seda 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To identify studies that aimed to determine the effects of topical oils on neonatal skin.

DATA SOURCES
Authors searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Science Direct databases.

STUDY SELECTION
The databases were searched for studies published through February 2022 (when the search was conducted) using the keywords “skin”, “neonatal”, “infant”, and “oil”. Fourteen randomized controlled trials that met the eligibility criteria were included in the review.

DATA EXTRACTION
Researchers used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) reporting guidelines to guide this systematic review. Two authors reviewed and evaluated the articles independently.

DATA SYNTHESIS
The 14 studies included in this review were conducted with a total of 5,683 neonates, most of whom were preterm. The included studies used blended sunflower (n = 8), coconut (n = 5), almond (n = 2), olive (n = 1), mustard (n = 1), and vegetable (n = 1) oils. These studies investigated the effects of topical oils on the skin’s barrier functions and skin integrity. Most studies used noninvasive measurement devices to evaluate the skin’s barrier functions; they used a variety of scoring systems to evaluate skin integrity. Eleven of the studies concluded that the oils used in the skincare of neonates effectively improve the skin condition and barrier functions of the skin. However, three studies found equivocal, negative, or mixed findings.

CONCLUSION
Although current evidence indicates a potential benefit, more studies with a high level of evidence on the subject are required.
Fungating Malignancies: Management of a Distinct Wound Entity
Authors: Kondra Katelyn , Pekcan Asli , Stanton Eloise , Cook Austin D. , Jimenez Christian , Aronowitz Alexandra , Winterhalter Bridget A. , Hammoudeh Jeffrey A. , Aronowitz Joel A. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

GENERAL PURPOSE
To provide information on the surgical management of fungating malignancies as a distinct wound entity.

TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:
1. Identify characteristics of patients in a study examining the treatment of fungating malignancies.
2. Select common symptoms experienced by patients with fungating malignancies.
3. Explain issues related to the surgical treatment of fungating malignancies.
4. Identify a reason why patients with fungating breast masses may avoid medical care.

OBJECTIVE
To address the literature gap on malignant fungating wound treatment by reporting two institutions’ experiences with this disease process and proposing practices to improve care.

METHODS
A multi-institutional retrospective review was conducted of 44 patients with 45 malignant fungating wounds over an 11-year period. Patient characteristics, treatment history, and outcomes were analyzed.

RESULTS
Of the 44 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 31 (70.5%) were women and 13 (29.5%) were men. The average age at presentation was 63.0 (SD, 16.1) years. The most common malignancy was breast cancer, accounting for more than half of cases (54.5%). The average surface area of the tumors at presentation was 110.3 (SD, 215.0; range, 2.2–1,140) cm2, whereas the average surface area at time of discharge/death was 104.6 (SD, 310.7; range, 0–1,800) cm2. Neither surface area at presentation (P = .504) nor surface area at time of final follow-up (P = .472) were significantly associated with death during the study time frame.

CONCLUSION
In the era of advancing technologies and medical innovation, the benefits of palliative surgery, which helps mitigate an open wound, should not be overlooked. Improving end-of-life care is beneficial to the patient and families alike. As surgeons, we strive for a tangible cure, but providing palliative resection to enable death with dignity might be the most humane service of all.
Testosterone Therapy for Dropped Head Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Felong Timothy J. , Balos Lucia L. , Silvestri Nicholas J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is an impairment of neck extension resulting in a chin-on-chest deformity. DHS is rarely seen but a major hindrance to daily function in affected patients. DHS has been associated with movement disorders, neuromuscular disorders, and electrolyte and endocrine abnormalities. DHS has also been seen in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) years after irradiation. HL survivors are also at risk for endocrine hypogonadism after chemotherapy. We present the case of a 58-year-old male HL survivor with dropped head and limited strength in his atrophic neck extensor muscles. Laboratory testing and imaging, nerve conduction studies, electromyography, and muscle biopsy of the neck extensors revealed myopathic and neurogenic changes. Conservative management was unsuccessful. With a desire to avoid surgical fixation, he asked his primary care physician to check his testosterone levels, which returned as low normal. Within 4 months of starting testosterone therapy, he no longer experienced dropped head.
Myalgic Becker Muscular Dystrophy Due to an Exon 15 Point Mutation: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Tavallaee Zachary , Hamby Tyler , Marks Warren 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dystrophinopathies result from mutations to the DMD gene. We report 5 boys in 3 families with heterogenous phenotypes due to a point mutation in the DMD gene: a hemizygous tyrosine-to-cysteine change in exon 15 (c.1724T>C) resulting in an amino acid substitution of leucine to proline at codon 575. This mutation has been reported before, with at least 3 prior patients presenting with similar clinical findings of myalgia, myoglobinuria, and occasional muscle cramping. The mutation on DMD c.1724T>C (p.Leu575Pro) is listed in the Clinvar database as a variant of unknown significance. Our report provides contributing evidence that this alteration should be classified as pathogenic.
What Is in the Literature
Authors: Bromberg Mark B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
What is in the Literature focuses on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), a neuropathy with challenges in diagnosis and treatment. A recent revision of diagnostic criteria (EFN/PNS criteria) has helped define clinical features of typical and atypical variants and what is not considered CIDP. Initiating pathologic factors is not known for typical CIDP or variants. New treatment approaches are based on immunologic mechanisms. Rare patients with a CIDP-like clinical pattern are found to have antibodies to proteins at and around the node of Ranvier and are not considered to be CIDP but a nodal-paranodopathy. Although occurring mainly in adults, CIDP also occurs in children. CIDP may have clinical and electrodiagnostic features that overlap with hereditary neuropathies, and the latter might show some response to treatment. Articles published in the past year that address these issues are discussed in this review.