bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographical domains and clinico-radiological characteristics of study cohorts with simultaneous multiple intracerebral hemorrhages in a tertiary neurosurgical center in Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Munakomi Sunil , Chaulagain Dipak 
Published: February 2022

Background: Simultaneous multiple intra-cerebral hemorrhages (SMICHs) and its occurrences in different territories of arterial disposition has been viewed as uncommon clinical occurrences, since the pathophysiological and predisposing factors as mechanisms aren’t vividly defined. This research primarily aims for demographic stratification and dichotomization pertaining to risk factors, etiological classifications, anatomical distributions and outcome analysis by focusing on management strategies and pertinent stroke care. Methods: 40 patients presenting to the College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal in the last two years were included in the study. The patients with two-or-more SMICHs with affected arterial territories with similar tomographic density based profiling were chosen as samples. Regression analysis was chosen to test three hypotheses. Results: Among our study cohorts, cortical and cortical territory (60%) was the major anatomical patterns of involvement. A conservative approach was undertaken in nine patients (22.5%), whereas surgical intervention was needed in five others (12.5%). A total of 14(35%) patients leaving against medical advice and a further seven (17.5%) patients were referred for adjuvant oncologic care. Mortality was observed among five (12.5%) patients. Hypertension was seen as a significant variable in its pathogenesis. Male patients were more affected. Age groups comprising of 36-45years and 56-65 years were involved in 32.5% and 30% cases respectively. Conclusion: This study proves the need for a national stroke data bank pertaining to SMICH. This will help foster effective patient education during preoperative counselling; as well as formatting a management algorithm combating them.
Testosterone level correlates significantly with luteinizing hormone to follicle-stimulating hormone ratio among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross sectional study
Authors: Alhassan Samia Mohammed , Elmugadam Abdelgadir , Abubaker Nuha Eljaili , Elfadil Ghada A. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an endocrinological problem among women in the reproductive age, is characterized by chronic ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and elevated luteinizing hormone: follicle stimulating hormone (LH-FSH) ratio. The goal of this study was to examine if the blood LH-FSH ratio and total testosterone (TT) levels in Sudanese women with PCOS were linked. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 300 women with confirmed PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria. PCOS women mean (standard deviation): age 29.1(5.8) years; body mass index (BMI) 27.9±4.6 kg/m2. Each participant underwent a clinical history, physical examination, and ovaries ultrasonogram. ASYS Expert Plus Microplate was used to quantify serum LH, FSH, and TT levels in fasting blood specimen drawn during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle of women with PCOS. Results: More than two-thirds of the participants (71.0%) had an aberrant LH-FSH ratio (cut-off>1.0), and 58.3% had hyperandrogenemia (TT>109.5 ng/dL). Hyperandrogenemic women had significantly increased LH-FSH ratio (P= 0.000). The LH-FSH ratio and serum TT were significantly positive correlated (r= 0.329, P= 0.000). Overall, 52.0% of women with PCOS exhibited menstrual cycle irregularity, and 59.0 % had a positive family history of PCOS. On logistic regression analysis, the LH-FSH ratio (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 2.308 (1.698- 3.139, P= 0.000) was found to be positively related to hyperandrogenemia independently. Furthermore, when the LH-FSH ratio is greater than one, hyperandrogenemia can be distinguished from normoandrogenemia, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.726, P= 0.000, 95% CI: (0.668-0.785) with a serum TT threshold of 109.5 ng/dL (sensitivity 70.0%, specificity 77.1%). Conclusions: In women with PCOS, the serum LH-FSH ratio and TT have a strong relationship. Furthermore, LH-FSH ratio of greater than one can be used to distinguish between hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic PCOS women.
Effect of taurine administration on symptoms, severity, or clinical outcome of dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure in humans: a systematic review
Authors: McGurk Kathryn A. , Kasapi Melpomeni , Ware James S. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Taurine, 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is an amino acid found in animal products. Taurine is produced for human consumption as a supplement and ingredient in beverages. Supplementation is a safe, inexpensive, and effective treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in domestic mammals, however it is currently unlicensed in Europe and the United States for human medical treatment. Recent genome-wide association studies of DCM have identified the locus of the taurine transporter (SLC6A6). To assess whether taurine supplementation may be a novel therapeutic option for DCM, we undertook a systematic review. Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central Register, Web of Science, Biomed Central) were searched until 11/03/21. Included studies of human participants reported measured phenotypes or symptoms for cardiomyopathy, heart failure (HF), or altered left ventricle structure or function, administering taurine in any formulation, by any method. Non-English articles were excluded. Meta-analysis was completed in R software (version 3.6.0). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment score (NOQAS) tool was used to assess bias. Results: 285 articles were identified, of which eleven met our criteria for inclusion. Only one paper was deemed “high quality” using the NOQAS tool. Taurine supplementation varied across studies; by dose (500 mg to 6g per day), frequency (once to thrice daily), delivery method (tablet, capsule, drink, powder), and duration (2 to 48 weeks). Patient inclusion was all-cause HF patients with ejection fraction (EF) <50% and no study was specific to DCM. While improvements in diastolic and systolic function, exercise capacity, and haemodynamic parameters were described, only EF and stroke volume were measured in enough studies to complete a meta-analysis; the association was not significant with all-cause HF (P<0.05). No significant safety concerns were reported. Conclusions: A formal clinical trial is needed to address whether taurine supplementation is beneficial to the approximately 1/250 individuals with DCM in the population.
COGNITIVE AND COMMUNICATIVE POTENTIAL OF COMPLEX CONDITIONAL SENTENCES IN THE NEWSPAPER LANGUAGE
Authors: Axenova Ekaterina D. , Kuznetsova Anjelika A. , Axenova Anastasia T. , Budanova Natalia A. 
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the study of cognitive and communicative capabilities of complex conditional sentences functioning in the language of modern mass media.
The aim of the study is to analyze the semantic and pragmatic functions of complex conditional sentences with the conjunction if, actively participating in the syntactic organization of the journalistic text.
To implement the aims and objectives of the work, contextual analysis, continuous sampling method for the selection of practical material, as well as descriptive method were used.
The results of the study. A complex conditional sentence is capable of reflecting in its semantic structure the nature of the communicative and cognitive goals of a particular text. The features of the functioning of complex conditional sentences in the texts of the newspaper are determined by the implementation of 2 main functions: messages and impacts. In informative genres, sentences are often used in which the situation of an alternative development of events is verbalized and a predictive mode is implemented. The subject of speech presents 2 versions of possible events (conditions and consequences), and both of them are equal. This is the so-called “strong alternative”. In newspaper reports, the second link of the alternative is normally presented in the form of a parallel opposed structure, which allows us to conclude about the text-forming functions of these complexes. Complex conditional sentences with deontic incentive modality are “fixed” to advertising texts. Such constructions directly appeal to the reader, affect their consciousness and behavior. The study of semantic and functional features of conditional constructions in newspaper texts has shown that complex conditional sentences as a unit of cognitive-communicative level serves as a sufficient context for identifying specific features of the sphere of communication. The modern reader is under constant communicative influence, as evidenced by the expansion of advertising texts in which complex conditional sentences with motivational modality are implemented.
The scope of the results. The results of the work can be useful in the development of lectures and seminars on linguistics, stylistics and culture of speech.
FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SLOGAN
Authors: Tashlykova Marina B. , Lemeshko Yulia R. 
Published: February 2022

Substantiation of the topic. The slogan as a phenomenon of social and political communication is considered in modern science in different aspects. One of the central issues is the question of the functional specifics of units of this type. The analysis of scientific literature shows that there is neither terminological nor substantive unity in the solution of this problem.
The purpose of this work is to clarify ideas about the functional originality of slogans based on a comprehensive understanding of the existing approaches and analysis of empirical material. The corpus consists of 3300 slogan statements selected from Russian published press and electronic media for the period 2011-2020.
The methods and techniques of structural-semantic, contextual, and discursive analysis are used in the framework of the study.
The results of the study demonstrate that the slogan as a special type of text. It is characteristic of a fundamental multifunctionality due to the interaction of three vectors of political communication identified by E.I. Sheigal (orientation – integration – agonality). The construction of a strict functional typology of slogans, focused on drawing clear demarcation lines between groups, seems to contradict the very nature of these linguistic expressions. The functional qualification of individual slogans can be carried out taking into account what is in focus in each particular case and what linguistic markers are used in the utterance.
The field of application of the results is lecture and practical courses in linguistics, communication theory, impact theory.
ANALYSIS OF EXPRESSIVE LEXICAL MEANS IN FRENCH CUSTOMS DISCOURSE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Kogteva Elena V. 
Published: February 2022

Background. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, the pragmatic function of special customs publications is put forward in the first place, which consists in transmitting information about the activities of the customs in a crisis, new concepts within the framework of the crisis plan, models of perception of reality. To achieve this goal, all kinds of expressive means are used, including lexical ones.
Purpose. The article deals with the lexical means used to increase the expressiveness of information transmitted in special texts and its impact on recipients in the pandemic.
Materials and methods. The material for the research was two special issues of French customs publications: the magazine “Douane. Magazine” (No. 16), the press organ of the General Directorate of Customs and Indirect Duties of France and OMD Actualités (No. 92) (News of the World Customs Organization). The functional and semantic research method was used in the analysis of the material.
Results. The results of the study showed metaphor, including verbalized metaphor, to be one of the main lexical means of expressiveness of industry texts during the pandemic. The epithets-adjectives enhanced the effect of the significance and transcendence of passing events is characterized with a high frequency of use. The important role of the verb in increasing the expressiveness of the text and the impact on the addressee, including even neutral verbs such as répondre, is noted due to the frequency of their use in various phraseological constructions. The study revealed that the authors of the texts prefer analytical constructions as more imaginative and to some extent metaphorized.
Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in compiling a corpus of expressive vocabulary when teaching students French in the specialty “Customs”.
USE OF AUTHENTIC FILMS WITH SUBTITLES IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING NEW VOCABULARY IN HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR (AS BASED ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE MATERIAL)
Authors: Fomichenko Anna S. 
Published: February 2022

Background. Watching movies with subtitles is a significant tool when learning English, as it is as close as possible to the language reality. The video contains visual images and the necessary audio material, which makes the process of memorizing new vocabulary effective and easy. This work is aimed at identifying the features of using authentic films with subtitles, in particular, at acquiring and enriching the vocabulary of students.
Aim of the study. The purpose of the study is to identify the specificity of using authentic films in English with subtitles when working with students in the process of learning new vocabulary.
Methods. The research is based on the following methods: theoretical analysis of foreign sources, generalization, and systematization.
The result of the study is a confirmation of the hypothesis that watching movies in English with subtitles can be a useful tool in the process of acquiring and enriching the vocabulary of students of higher institutions, provided that their level of language proficiency is taken into account, as well as the frequency of viewing audio material.
Practical implications. The results obtained can be applied in teaching practice and used in foreign language classes in higher institutions.
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL RELEVANCE OF SPEECH INTERACTION IN THE CONTEXT OF PARLIAMENTARY DELIBERATION
Authors: Popova Galina E. 
Published: February 2022

The category of relevance is one of the fundamental categories of the communicative interaction. The need for harmonized and effective communication is stipulated by adaptive communication strategies and approaches used towards both recipient and the conditions surrounding the communication process.
Purpose. The article deals with the category of relevance, seen as a condition for successful coordination of cognitive models of interlocutors. The author outlines and considers two main factors underlying miscommunication: the discrepancies in cognitive competences and the disagreement over intentions, being the internal and external aspects of relevance.
Materials and methods. The research is based on the analysis of the official transcripts and videos of the plenary debates of the French Assamblée Nationale. Methods applied include content analysis and logical analysis.
Results. The present study shows that the internal and external aspects of relevance prove to be decisive in the context of a deliberative dialogue in parliamentary discourse. On the basis of a massively modular view of the human mind, the author postulates various types of relevance: propositional, illocutionary, interpersonal and argumentative. The author concludes that in parliamentary debates shouts, comments and remarks resulting from intuitive inferences are caused either by cognitive resonance or dissonance when it comes to relevance of discourse. These forms of feedback are presented as a reaction to certain ostensive triggers embedded in the main speaker’s sentences and marking their (ir)relevance.
Practical implications. Further research, development, extension and evaluation of typology of triggers and markers of relevance might be of interest for the interactive cognitive-discursive analysis of not only parliamentary communication, but also any other communicative interaction characterized by deliberations.
Poaceae and Fabaceae of meadows of Poltava region and their protein value
Authors: Orlova Larysa , Vlasenko Nataliia , Gapon Svіtlana , Zhuk Maryna , Dyachenko-Bohun Marina , Hrytsai Nataliia , Grygus Igor 
Published: February 2022

The main representatives of meadow Poaceae and Fabaceae of Poltava region are established and their ecomorphic analysis is made 93 species of meadow Poaceae have been found in meadow phytocenoses, which are grouped into 44 genera. Among the found cereals on biomorphs are dominated by perennials (73.0%), on climamorphs among them approximately the same number of cryptophytes and hemicryptophytes, consideration of hygromorphs of the family indicates the predominance of mesophytic plants (56.0%), the bulk of species by tropomorphs belongs to mesotrophic (46.0%), viewing heliomorphs of identified family members indicates their photophobia.
71 species of Fabaceae belonging to 16 genera were found in the meadows. According to biomorphs, most of the identified species are perennials (73.0%). According to ecomorphs, mesophilic, light-loving species, which love soils of medium richness (more than half of all identified species), predominate among the studied species.
The consequences of studying the protein in meadow Poaceae and Fabaceae of Poltava region are given. The total protein accumulation in the species studied by us was in the range of 2.5–25.8%. The average values for families are given and specific quantitative indicators of separate genera and species are given.
The division of the studied species into three groups according to the content of the indicator is proposed: with low (up to 6.9%), medium (7.0-13.0%) and high (more than 13.0%) number. The studied species were analyzed on a scale of protein content (from 0 to 20 points). According to the given score, the studied cereals are in the group of species with low and medium content, and legumes - medium and high.
In the dynamics of protein content during the phases of the growing season you can see a certain trend. Maximum protein is accumulated by representatives at earlier stages of ontogenesis.
Analysis of the indicator, depending on their relationship to the biomorph showed some patterns. Thus, annual species, on average, contain an indicator at the level of the second group, and perennial - all three groups. Two-year-olds most often have protein at the level of the third group. This is understandable because they need a lot of nutrients for overwintering and active flowering and fruit formation next year.
Moisture conditions also affect protein accumulation. Thus, the studied xerophilous Poaceae according to our research have 9.2 ± 0.4%, mesophilic - 8.2 ± 1.2%. Proven value biomorfy to quantify protein content. It is shown that the concentration parameter affecting growing conditions, including moisture.
Como montar uma rede construcional? Uma proposta metodológica aplicada às construções de complementação sentencial do português brasileiro
Authors: Pinheiro Diogo , Ximenes Dayanne De Oliveira 
Published: February 2022

Redes hierárquicas baseadas em classes semânticas são centrais à Gramática de Construções baseada no Uso. Como consequência, um desafio metodológico emerge: como identificar as classes semânticas que definem construções intermediárias de uma rede construcional? A fim de contribuir para responder a essa questão, este estudo desenvolve e aplica uma proposta metodológica à Construção de Complementação Sentencial do português brasileiro O método proposto prevê o mapeamento de construções com verbo especificado nos à luz da Teoria dos Exemplares, a postulação de categorias semânticas abstratas por meio da observação dos atributos semânticos latentes em clusters de exemplares e o emprego de Escalonamento Multidimensional para verificar a realidade psicológica da rede postulada.
An assessment of Sumatran elephant presences (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Kotaagung Utara (Lampung, Indonesia) as a potential tourism attraction
Authors: MONIK DELLA TIARA , SETIAWAN AGUS , CHARLES YOB , RUSTIATI ELLY LESTARI , RUCIYANSAH YANYAN , ANWAR ZUFALDI 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Setiawan A, Monik DT, Charles Y, Lestari ER, Ruciyansah Y, Anwar Z. 2021. An assessment of Sumatran elephant presences (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Kotaagung Utara (Lampung, Indonesia) as a potential tourism attraction. Biodiversitas 22: 5397-5407. Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) Kotaagung Utara is a region of approximately 56.02 ha, consisting of 8.82% forest cover and 91.18% non-forest cover. This region has a high diversity of flora and fauna and has potential as a tourist destination with various and unique biophysical attractions. One of the special features of this location is the presence of Sumatran elephants [Elephas maximus sumatranus (Temminck, 1847)]. Wild elephants in KPH are a tourism potential that can be developed to become a tourism attraction. The objectives of this research were to find out the elephant home ranges and the right window of time to observe the Sumatran elephants and assess safety, security, and convenience considerations for visitors to observe wild elephants. The method used in the research was an observation, and the results were qualitative data. The data collection’s elephants movement through the use of GPS Collar from 2017-2020. The study identified that there are 16 wild elephants known as the Bunga group. The elephants can be observed from 7:30 to 12:00 am or 3:00 to 6:00 pm, with a duration of 3 hours per day. Steps can be taken to increase visitor’s safety, security and convenience with the building of a treehouse, evacuation route, use of binoculars, and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
Diversity, distribution and ecology of Davallia in Sumatra (Indonesia) and the nearby small islands
Authors: MILDAWATI MILDAWATI , SOBIR SOBIR , SULISTIJORINI SULISTIJORINI , Chikmawati Tatik 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Mildawati, Sobir, Sulistijorini, Chikmawati T. 2021. Diversity, distribution and ecology of Davallia in Sumatra (Indonesia) and the nearby small islands. Biodiversitas 23: 33-42. Davallia is an epiphytic fern genus that shows high morphological variations in many characters. This genus is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropic areas. The diversity of Davallia has not been explored and recorded in many regions, including in Sumatra Island and its surrounding small islands. Therefore, this research aimed to study the diversity of Davallia species in Sumatra and the nearby small islands based on morphological variation, as well as to investigate their distribution and ecology. Samples were collected from Kerinci Seblat National Park (NP), Bukit Tiga Puluh NP, Siberut NP, Sipora Island, North Pagai Island and South Pagai, Bukit Barisan Grand Forest Park, and Bukit Barisan Selatan NP. In total, 369 specimen sheets (i.e.145 specimens from field explorations and 224 specimens from Herbarium Bogoriense collections) were examined its morphological characters. The results showed that as many as 13 species of Davallia were recorded in Sumatra and the nearby small islands. The species found are D. angustata Wall., D. corniculata T. Moore, D. denticulata (Burm. f.) Kuhn var. denticulata, D. divaricata Blume, D. heterophylla Sm., D. hymenophylloides (Bl.) Kuhn, D. parvula Wall., D. pectinata Sm., D. pentaphylla Blume, D. repens Kuhn, D. solida (G.Forst.) Sw. var. solida, D. trichomanoides Blume var. lorranii (Hance) Holttum, D. trichomanoides Blume var. trichomanoides, and D. triphylla Hook. Ten of which were new records for this location. There were 12 spesies found in Sumatra Island except D. parvula Wall. and 11 species found on the small islands around Sumatra except for D. corniculata T. Moore and D. divaricata Blume. Davallia denticulata (Burm. F.) Kuhn var. denticulata and D. solida (G.Forst.) Sw. var. solida had the largest number of specimens found. Almost all species had a random distribution pattern at altitudes of 1000-1500 m above sea level.