bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical composition and bioactivities of Magnolia candollii H.Keng essential oil
Authors: Hakim Yahaya Ahmad Azrul , Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh Wan Mohd , Ghani Nurunajah Ab , Khamis Shamsul , Rezali Nurul Syafiqah , Aizat Juhari Mohd Afiq 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Several Magnolia species have exhibited potent biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, anticonvulsant, anti-obesity, and antiviral activities. However, the Magnolia candollii from Malaysia has not been investigated yet. Hence, this study aims to investigate the chemical composition and bioactivities of the essential oil of Magnolia candollii H.Keng from Malaysia. The hydrodistillation process was used to produce the essential oil, and gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyse it. In total, 44 chemical components were identified in the bark oil, accounting for 98.4%. The major components of the essential oil were α-pinene (29.7%), elemol (10.2%), β-pinene (8.5%), β-caryophyllene (7.2%), α-terpineol (7.0%), guaiol (5.4%), and bulnesol (4.9%). Acetylcholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated using the Ellman method and lipoxygenase enzyme, respectively, in which the essential oil showed moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (I%: 70.2%) and lipoxygenase (I%: 72.5%). Thus, the findings may be helpful for identifying the medicinal and therapeutic uses of the essential oil from the Magnolia genus.
Somatotopy of Mouse Spinothalamic Innervation and the Localization of a Noxious Stimulus Requires Deleted in Colorectal Carcinoma Expression by Phox2a Neurons
Authors: Rastegar-Pouyani Shima , Kennedy Timothy E. , Kania Artur 
Published: August 2022

Anterolateral system (AS) neurons transmit pain signals from the spinal cord to the brain. Their morphology, anatomy, and physiological properties have been extensively characterized and suggest that specific AS neurons and their brain targets are concerned with the discriminatory aspects of noxious stimuli, such as their location or intensity, and their motivational/emotive dimension. Among the recently unraveled molecular markers of AS neurons is the developmentally expressed transcription factor Phox2a, providing us with the opportunity to selectively disrupt the embryonic wiring of AS neurons to gain insights into the logic of their adult function. As mice with a spinal-cord-specific loss of the netrin-1 receptor deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC) have increased AS neuron innervation of ipsilateral brain targets and defective noxious stimulus localization or topognosis, we generated mice of either sex carrying a deletion ofDccin Phox2a neurons. SuchDccPhox2amice displayed impaired topognosis along the rostrocaudal axis but with little effect on left-right discrimination and normal aversive responses. Anatomical tracing experiments inDccPhox2amice revealed defective targeting of cervical and lumbar AS axons within the thalamus. Furthermore, genetic labeling of AS axons revealed their expression of DCC on their arrival in the brain, at a time when many of their target neurons are being born and expressNtn1. Our experiments suggest a postcommissural crossing function for netrin-1:DCC signaling during the formation of somatotopically ordered maps and are consistent with a discriminatory function of some of the Phox2a AS neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHow nociceptive (pain) signals are relayed from the body to the brain remains an important question relevant to our understanding of the basic physiology of pain perception. Previous studies have demonstrated that the AS is a main effector of this function. It is composed of AS neurons located in the spinal cord that receive signals from nociceptive sensory neurons that detect noxious stimuli. In this study, we generate a genetic miswiring of mouse AS neurons that results in a decreased ability to perceive the location of a painful stimulus. The precise nature of this defect sheds light on the function of different kinds of AS neurons and how pain information may be organized.
Trapping of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Ligands Assayed byIn VitroCellular Studies andIn VivoPET Imaging
Authors: Zhang Hannah J. , Zammit Matthew , Kao Chien-Min , Govind Anitha P. , Mitchell Samuel , Holderman Nathanial , Bhuiyan Mohammed , Freifelder Richard , Kucharski Anna , Zhuang Xiaoxi , Mukherjee Jogeshwar , Chen Chin-Tu , Green William N. 
Published: August 2022

A question relevant to nicotine addiction is how nicotine and other nicotinic receptor membrane-permeant ligands, such as the anti-smoking drug varenicline (Chantix), distribute in brain. Ligands, like varenicline, with high pKaand high affinity for α4β2-type nicotinic receptors (α4β2Rs) are trapped in intracellular acidic vesicles containing α4β2Rsin vitro. Nicotine, with lower pKaand α4β2R affinity, is not trapped. Here, we extend our results by imaging nicotinic PET ligandsin vivoin male and female mouse brain and identifying the trapping brain organellein vitroas Golgi satellites (GSats). Two PET18F-labeled imaging ligands were chosen: [18F]2-FA85380 (2-FA) with varenicline-like pKaand affinity and [18F]Nifene with nicotine-like pKaand affinity. [18F]2-FA PET-imaging kinetics were very slow consistent with 2-FA trapping in α4β2R-containing GSats. In contrast, [18F]Nifene kinetics were rapid, consistent with its binding to α4β2Rs but no trapping. Specific [18F]2-FA and [18F]Nifene signals were eliminated in β2 subunit knock-out (KO) mice or by acute nicotine (AN) injections demonstrating binding to sites on β2-containing receptors. Chloroquine (CQ), which dissipates GSat pH gradients, reduced [18F]2-FA distributions while having little effect on [18F]Nifene distributionsin vivoconsistent with only [18F]2-FA trapping in GSats. These results are further supported byin vitrofindings where dissipation of GSat pH gradients blocks 2-FA trapping in GSats without affecting Nifene. By combiningin vitroandin vivoimaging, we mapped both the brain-wide and subcellular distributions of weak-base nicotinic receptor ligands. We conclude that ligands, such as varenicline, are trapped in neurons in α4β2R-containing GSats, which results in very slow release long after nicotine is gone after smoking.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMechanisms of nicotine addiction remain poorly understood. An earlier study usingin vitromethods found that the anti-smoking nicotinic ligand, varenicline (Chantix) was trapped in α4β2R-containing acidic vesicles. Using a fluorescent-labeled high-affinity nicotinic ligand, this study provided evidence that these intracellular acidic vesicles were α4β2R-containing Golgi satellites (GSats).In vivoPET imaging with F-18-labeled nicotinic ligands provided additional evidence that differences in PET ligand trapping in acidic vesicles were the cause of differences in PET ligand kinetics and subcellular distributions. These findings combiningin vitroandin vivoimaging revealed new mechanistic insights into the kinetics of weak base PET imaging ligands and the subcellular mechanisms underlying nicotine addiction.
You Can Tell a Prodigy From a Professional Musician
Authors: Pausch Viola , Düvel Nina , Kopiez Reinhard 
Published: August 2022

According to Feldman (1993), musical prodigies are expected to perform at the same high level as professional adult musicians and, therefore, are indistinguishable from adults. This widespread definition was the basis for the study by Comeau et al. (2017), which investigated if participants could determine whether an audio sample was played by a professional pianist or a child prodigy. Our paper is a replication of this previous study under more controlled conditions. Our main findings partly confirmed the previous findings: Comparable to Comeau et al.’s (2017) study (N = 51), the participants in our study (N = 278) were able to discriminate between prodigies and adult professionals by listening to music recordings of the same pieces. The overall discrimination performance was slightly above chance (correct responses: 53.7%; sensitivity d’ = 0.20), which was similar to Comeau et al.’s (2017) results of the identification task with prodigies aged between 11 and 14 years (approximately 54.6% correct responses; sensitivity approximately d’ = 0.13). Contrary to the original study, musicians and pianists in our study did not perform significantly better than other participants. Nevertheless, it is generally possible for listeners to differentiate prodigies from adult performers—although this is a demanding task.
Gramophone Voices: Puccini and Madama Butterfly in New York, ca. 1907
Authors: Rindom Ditlev 
Published: August 2022

Puccini’s Madama Butterfly (1904) was a notorious failure at its world premiere: condemned by Italian critics for its “decorative” surfaces and apparent repetition of earlier Puccinian tropes. The first of the composer’s two operas based on works by American playwright David Belasco, the opera was soon revised and received its belated New York Metropolitan Opera premiere in 1907 as part of a festival of the composer’s works organized in his presence. The decision to visit New York was timely: not only had Belasco’s source play been premiered there in 1900, but New York was by then emerging as the global center of the operatic gramophone industry, with recordings of Puccini’s works made in Camden, New Jersey, frequently featuring performers from the Metropolitan Opera. This development echoed wider operatic power shifts between Italy and the United States at this time, which informed evolving attitudes to new sound reproduction technology on both sides of the Atlantic.
This article re-examines Madama Butterfly from the perspective of Puccini’s 1907 tour. In particular, it focuses on the composer’s interactions with the U.S. gramophone industry during and before his New York visit, examining them in relation to broader questions of the Italian operatic future and ideas of Italian vocality. While Madama Butterfly has long been addressed in relation to its Orientalist depiction of Japan, reframing Puccini’s Belasco-inspired opera within this transatlantic context can illuminate the fraught cultural politics of the gramophone industry, as well as their intersection with the wider musical dramaturgy of Puccini’s opera. Ultimately, I argue, Madama Butterfly emerges as a vital document of a changing auditory culture ca. 1900, as well as of an ambivalent colonial imagination.
Harnessing indigenous knowledge in disaster risk management in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Zivkovic Vesna , Heikell Vicki-Anne 
Published: August 2022

Purpose. This paper will provide an insight into understanding of risks and cultural heritage by local and indigenous communities, as well as their knowledge, values and practices informing the perception of disaster risk management. The aim is to contribute to the implementation of Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM), which leads to a locally appropriate and locally "owned" strategy for disaster risk management.
Approach. The paper presents experiences in disaster response by local communities in New Zealand Aotearoa and consequent shift in the perspective towards disaster risk management which needs to be reflected in cultural heritage field. Disaster risk management plans can be understood as series of written policies and procedures that prevent or minimize damage resulting from disasters, tailored to a museum’s, library’s, archives or community’s specific circumstances and facilities. Having a disaster management plan is not an end result, in itself. The process of creating, implementing, and updating a plan can be far more important and beneficial to an institution or community.
Value. At-risk communities are actively engaged in the identification, analysis, treatment, monitoring and evaluation of disaster risks in order to reduce their vulnerabilities and enhance their capabilities. This means people are at the heart of decision-making and implementation of disaster risk management activities. This aligns with a paradigm shift in disaster management from having management agencies as the primary actors, towards wider and deeper stakeholder involvement, especially in the private sector with local level actors.
The role of angiotensin II and relaxin in vascular adaptation to pregnancy
Authors: Doan Thu Ngoc Anh , Bianco-Miotto Tina , Parry Laura , Winter Marnie 
Published: August 2022

In brief
There is a pregnancy-induced vasodilation of blood vessels, which is known to have a protective effect on cardiovascular function and can be maintained postpartum. This review outlines the cardiovascular changes that occur in a healthy human and rodent pregnancy, as well as different pathways that are activated by angiotensin II and relaxin that result in blood vessel dilation.

Abstract
During pregnancy, systemic and uteroplacental blood flow increase to ensure an adequate blood supply that carries oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus. This results in changes to the function of the maternal cardiovascular system. There is also a pregnancy-induced vasodilation of blood vessels, which is known to have a protective effect on cardiovascular health/function. Additionally, there is evidence that the effects of maternal vascular vasodilation are maintained post-partum, which may reduce the risk of developing high blood pressure in the next pregnancy and reduce cardiovascular risk later in life. At both non-pregnant and pregnant stages, vascular endothelial cells produce a number of vasodilators and vasoconstrictors, which transduce signals to the contractile vascular smooth muscle cells to control the dilation and constriction of blood vessels. These vascular cells are also targets of other vasoactive factors, including angiotensin II (Ang II) and relaxin. The binding of Ang II to its receptors activates different pathways to regulate the blood vessel vasoconstriction/vasodilation, and relaxin can interact with some of these pathways to induce vasodilation. Based on the available literature, this review outlines the cardiovascular changes that occur in a healthy human pregnancy, supplemented by studies in rodents. A specific focus is placed on vasodilation of blood vessels during pregnancy; the role of endothelial cells and endothelium-derived vasodilators will also be discussed. Additionally, different pathways that are activated by Ang II and relaxin that result in blood vessel dilation will also be reviewed.
Personalized Critical Care Medicine (Review)
Authors: Golubev A. M. 
Published: August 2022

Personalized medicine (PM) is a major trend in health care development in the 21st century. This area includes studying risk factors for disease development (prediction), interventions for preventing diseases (prophylaxis), individualization of diagnosis and treatment (personalization), informing the patient on disease prevention and treatment (participation). In the recent years, an intense research to introduce the personalized medicine principles into the management of critically ill patients, has been under way. This includes identification of patient groups based on genomic research, development of diagnostic tests using molecular markers, creation of novel classes of drugs based on individual patient characteristics.The aim of the reviewis to summarize the available data on the implementation of the principles of PM in the routine practice of critical care institutions.We analyzed more than 300 sources of literature from the Pubmed and Scopus databases, as well as the RSCI database. Eighty five most relevant sources were selected for the review. The paper reports data on the organization and results of implementation of PM principles and advanced technologies, such as Emergency Medicine Sample Bank (EMSB), in the daily activity of clinics providing emergency critical care. The formation of the novel PM concept focused on the treatment of critically ill patients has been discussed. The review contains detailed data on the patterns of development of specific critical illnesses such as acute cerebrovascular events, acute respiratory distress syndrome, traumatic brain injury, shock, myocardial infarction, cardiac rhythm and conduction disturbances. Medication eﬃcacy in view of individual genetic patient characteristics has also been highlighted. No research limitations on the subject were identified.Conclusion.The analysis of literature has demonstrated positive results of implementing PM principles in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of critically ill patients. Creation of Biobanks, development of training programs and regulatory documentation, advancing the scientific research, introduction of new methods of diagnosis and treatment will contribute to the implementation of PM principles in practical healthcare.
Tizón Foliar y la Mancha Púrpura de la semilla causados por Cercospora kikuchii en soja (Glycine max L. Merr.)
Authors: Lavilla M. , Ivancovich A. , Díaz-Paleo A. 
Published: August 2022

Introducción. El Tizón Foliar y la Mancha Púrpura de la Semilla son enfermedades causadas por Cercospora kikuchii que afectan a la soja (Glycine max L. Merr.) en el mundo y cuyos agentes etiológicos son hongos clasificados en distintas especies con cierta proximidad. Objetivo. Proporcionar un panorama sobre el patosistema del Tizón Foliar y la Mancha Púrpura de la Semilla causadas por Cercospora kikuchii, que afectan el cultivo de soja. Desarrollo. El grado de severidad y/o incidencia de ambas enfermedades varía tanto en Argentina como en el resto del mundo. Estudios recientes demostraron que hay gran variabilidad tanto morfológica como molecular entre los aislamientos de C. kikuchii obtenidos de pecíolo y semilla en las regiones norte, pampa norte y pampa sur recolectados en los años 2015 y 2016. El genoma a nivel de cromosoma de C. kikuchii se encuentra disponible. El ensamblaje del genoma de 9 contigs es de 34,44 Mb y el N50 es de 4,19 Mb. Sobre la base de la predicción de genes ab initio, se identificaron varios genes candidatos relacionados con la patogenicidad, incluidos 242 genes para efectores putativos, 55 grupos de genes de metabolitos secundarios y 399 genes de enzimas activas en carbohidratos. Conclusión. El Tizón Foliar y la Mancha Púrpura de la Semilla son enfermedades endémicas en la Argentina. El patógeno causal de ambas enfermedades presenta una gran variabilidad genética y molecular en la Argentina.
Auxiliary verb constructions in Portuguese and Spanish. A comparative study Construcciones verbales auxiliares en portugués y español. Un estudio comparativo
Authors: Crismán Rafael 
Published: August 2022

Este artículo consiste en un estudio comparativo entre las construcciones verbales auxiliares en portugués europeo y español peninsular, como, por ejemplo, PT: O Pedro está lendo o livro/ES: Pedro está leyendo el libro ‘Pedro is reading the book’.Se analizaron 98 construcciones verbales auxiliares del portugués y 93 de español. Los resultados mostraron un conjunto de correspondencias y divergencias entre ambas lenguas. Los huecosléxicos observados pueden contribuir a la consideración de la naturaleza de las construcciones verbales auxiliares en ambas lenguas y sus usos como lenguas extranjeras. También se extraen conclusiones relevantes para traductores y otras aplicaciones de procesamiento de lenguaje natural.
The Point of View Approach in For Whom the Bell Tolls and EFL Literature Teaching
Authors: Gutiérrez Picón Jesús Antonio 
Published: August 2022

The works of Hemingway exhibit his mastery of the use of categories of point of view. In this inquiry of For Whom the Bell Tolls, the changes in the perspective of the narrator and the discourses of the characters have been analyzed, as constituents considered to discover changes in the perspective of the narrator, as well as in the categories of discourse and the thinking of the characters. As a result, the purpose of this research was the search for a connection between the author's point of view choices and the sociopolitical aspects present in the novel, by representing a different perspective to the current analysis of literary texts for the teaching of English as foreign language. The methodology is qualitative, the research design is documental, at descriptive and correlational level. The categories of the speech and thought presentation model and the sociopolitical approach were used for this research. The study demonstrated the existence of an intrinsic relationship between the sociopolitical approach and the different categories of the speech and thought presentation model, which represents a new approach in the teaching of literature in the teaching of English as a foreign language (EFL).
Key words: Ernest Hemingway, For Whom the Bell Tolls, Sociopolitical Approach, Point of View Approach, EFL
Transforming the Learning of English through Recontextualisation: from the Notebook to the Computer Graphic Organiser
Authors: Puentes-Rodriguez Maria-Fernanda , Gomez Salazar Alexandra , Gonzalez Gutierrez Germinton , Biancha Ramírez Hector 
Published: August 2022

This study explores the experiences of a group of students, from a disadvantage background, with the use of Computer Graphic Organisers (CGOs) in their English as a Foreign Language (EFL) class. More specifically, the paper analyses students’ recontextualisation of their English language learning process in performing reading comprehension activities. The participants were students from the Distrito de Aguablanca in Cali, enrolled in a Computer System Technician Program in a state funded institution. Action research was carried out for 12 weeks using the Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition Model (SAMR) to enable the integration of technology in the classroom. Data were collected through, focus group, semi-structured interviews, observations. The results reveal that CGOs are effective for the learning process of students. The study concludes that the introduction of technology through the use of CGOs requires a willingness on the part of the teacher to bring about technological change in the classroom, and an openness to the effective recontextualisation of the students’ learning process. Furthermore, it shows that recontextualisation and CGOs have a positive impact on the students learning and creativity which in turn improve their performance and attitudes towards English language learning.
The effect of paste composition, aggregate mineralogy and temperature on the pore solution composition and the extent of ASR expansion
Authors: Bagheri Mahsa , Lothenbach Barbara , Scrivener Karen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe reaction kinetics of the alkali silica reaction depends on the composition of the pore solution. The evolution of the pore solution composition in different cement pastes and concretes was studied. Pastes containing silica fume or metakaolin had the lowest amount of alkalis in the pore solution. In addition, metakaolin increased the aluminium concentrations. The lowest expansion was measured for the concretes made of blended cement pastes with low alkali and hydroxide content in their pore solution, for the duration of the present study, no additional aluminium effect was observed due to the already low pH. Addition of 400 mM of Li slowed down expansion rate of concrete prisms at 40 and 60 °C, however, similar expansion was observed for samples with and without Li at 60 °C after 1 year. Temperature, alkali concentration and pH of pore solution all have a major effect on ASR expansion.