bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polycrystalline CoO−Co9S8 Heterostructure Nanoneedle Arrays as Bifunctional Catalysts for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Chen Xinlin , Jiang Ran , Dong Cunku , Liu Hui , Yang Jing , Du Xiwen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIt is a great challenge to synthesize efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting, especially non‐noble metal catalysts. Herein, one‐dimensional polycrystalline nanoneedles composed of CoO−Co9S8 nano heterostructures, in situ grown on carbon fiber paper are prepared for efficient overall water electrolysis. Due to strong electronic coupling, charge densities of Co2+/Co3+ in Co9S8 and Co2+ in CoO are favorably modified at the interface of CoO and Co9S8, resulting in optimized reaction intermediates absorption and greatly enhanced bifunctional HER/OER activities. CoO−Co9S8/CFP delivers a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline electrolyte at overpotentials of 184 mV and 270 mV for HER and OER, respectively. When used as electrocatalyst for overall water splitting, it needs a low cell potential of 1.66 V to realize water electrolysis at 10 mA cm−2. This work provides a new strategy to tune the electronic structures of transitional metal active sites via constructing nano heterostructures for efficient water electrolysis.
A Rare Alder‐ene Cycloisomerization of 1,6‐Allenynes
Authors: Joyce Liam M. , Drew Melanie A. , Tague Andrew J. , Thaima Thanaphat , Gouranourimi Ali , Ariafard Alireza , Pyne Stephen G. , Hyland Christopher J. T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThermally induced cycloisomerization reactions of 1,6‐allenynes gives α‐methylene‐γ‐lactams via intramolecular Alder‐ene reactions. The mechanism is supported by computational and deuterium labelling studies. This thermal, non‐radical method enables the discovery of a hitherto unknown route that proceeds via a divergent mechanism distinct from the previous [2+2] cycloisomerization manifold.
A new model for trustworthy web service QoS prediction
Authors: Hashemi Seyyed Mohsen , Ghafouri Seyyed Hamid , Hung Patrick C. K. , Ding Chen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe number of web services available on the internet has exploded, and as a result, the number of services with the same functionality has exploded as well. Therefore, selecting the best web service from functionally similar services is a critical task in the web service domain. The Quality of Service (QoS) is one of the most common criteria used to select the best web service. Collaborative filtering (CF) has been utilized in several studies to predict the values of QoS attributes of web services for each user in a personalized way. The QoS histories of other users are employed in these methods to predict the QoS values of the active user. Although these methods function well and produce acceptable prediction results, the accuracy of their predictions can be harmed by incorrect data provided by untrustworthy users. In this study, we propose a new model that reduces the impact of unreliable user data, resulting in a trustworthy prediction. This model can be applied to any existing prediction method. In experiments, the proposed model was applied to seven known prediction methods. The results indicate that this model is able to eliminate the impact of unreliable users.
Discrimination of two nonorthogonal states against amplitude‐damping noise via feed‐forward control
Authors: Yang Yong‐Li , Yang Yu‐Guang , Zhou Yi‐Hua , Shi Wei‐Min 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGuo et al. introduced the quantum feed‐forward control (QFFC) before the minimum‐error discrimination (MED) measurement to effectively discriminate between two nonorthogonal states via an amplitude‐damping (AD) noise. However, the discrimination is inversely proportional to the success probability. To solve the problem, we propose an improved scheme where only preweak measurement and feed‐forward operations are retained before the MED measurement. Interestingly, we find the improved scheme achieves a similar effect of discrimination as the scheme proposed by Guo et al. Most importantly, the value of success probability is constant to 1.
Reliability‐aware design of temporal neuromorphic encoder for image recognition
Authors: Shaik Jani Babu , VS Aadhitiya , Singhal Sonal , Goel Nilesh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVery large scale integration (VLSI)‐based neuromorphic systems have been evolving quickly in recent years. These systems have been used in complex cognitive tasks such as image classification and pattern recognition. A neuromorphic encoder is an essential component in a neuromorphic system, which converts sensory data into spike trains. The advancement in CMOS technology nodes leads to various reliability issues. Bias temperature instability (BTI) and hot carrier injection (HCI) are major reliability issues in analog/mixed VLSI circuits. This paper implements a temporal neuromorphic encoder, and a corresponding mathematical model is derived for image processing applications. The relationship between an input image pixel value and output of the encoder, that is, interspike interval (ISI), is found to be exponential. The impact of BTI and HCI on the temporal neuromorphic encoder is analyzed. The degradation analysis revealed a loss of encoding functionality for which three mitigation techniques are discussed. Finally, a reliability‐aware neuromorphic encoder is proposed to minimize the effect of degradation over its lifetime. The power consumption of conventional and proposed reliability‐aware neuromorphic encoders is also presented.
Neuroimaging correlates of Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) system
Authors: Grober Ellen , Papp Kathryn V. , Rentz Dorene M. , Sperling Reisa A. , Johnson Keith A. , Amariglio Rebecca E. , Schultz Aaron , Lipton Richard B. , Ezzati Ali 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionTo assess the relationship between memory performance defined by the Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) system and the Alzheimer's disease (AD) ATN (amyloid beta [A], pathologic tau [T], and neurodegeneration [N]) biomarker system.MethodsWe used data from the Harvard Aging Brain Study cohort to estimate the level of ATN biomarkers: amyloid beta (C‐Pittsburgh compound B‐positron emission tomography [PET]), tau (F‐18–flortaucipir [FTP] PET), and neurodegeneration (magnetic resonance imaging volumetrics). We assessed the cross‐sectional relationship of SOMI classification with global amyloid levels, entorhinal and inferior temporal tau deposition, and hippocampal atrophy.ResultsParticipants with both memory storage and retrieval deficits (SOMI‐3, ‐4) had smaller hippocampal volumes and higher entorhinal and inferior temporal tau burden than participants with no memory impairment (SOMI‐0) or mild retrieval difficulty (SOMI‐1). Amyloid burden did not differ among SOMI stages.DiscussionThis pilot supports the close relationship between tau pathology and memory impairment across the AD continuum. SOMI may be useful to determine eligibility for randomized controlled trials prior to the assessment of biomarker status.
Causal association of cognitive reserve on Alzheimer's disease with putative sex difference
Authors: Wang Hao , Rosenthal Brin Sara , Makowski Carolina , Lo Min‐Tzu , Andreassen Ole A. , Salem Rany M. , McEvoy Linda K. , Fiecas Mark , Chen Chi‐Hua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionSex‐dependent risk factors may underlie sex differences in Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsUsing sex‐stratified genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of AD, we evaluated associations of 12 traits with AD through polygenic risk scores (PRS) and Mendelian randomization (MR), and explored joint genetic architecture among significant traits by genomic structural equation modeling and network analysis.ResultsAD was associated with lower PRS for premorbid cognitive performance, intelligence, and educational attainment. MR showed a causal role for the cognition‐related traits in AD, particularly among females. Their joint genetic components encompassed RNA processing, neuron projection development, and cell cycle pathways that overlap with cellular senescence. Cholesterol and C‐reactive protein showed pleiotropy but no causality with AD.DiscussionLower cognitive reserve is causally related to AD. The stronger causal link between cognitive performance and AD in females, despite similar PRS between sexes, suggest these differences may result from gene–environmental interactions accumulated over the lifespan.
Interactions of nutrient and water availability control growth and diversity effects in a Salix two‐species mixture
Authors: Lindh Magnus , Hoeber Stefanie , Weih Martin , Manzoni Stefano 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPlant growth is constrained by resource availability and interactions among limiting resources—abundance in one resource (e.g., nutrients) might promote growth, thereby causing the depletion of other resources (e.g., water), potentially inducing stress or mortality. In a diverse plant community, complementary resource use has been hypothesized to increase the overall productivity, but how diversity effects vary with interacting water and nutrient limitation and through time is not known. Here, we address this knowledge gap in a controlled pot experiment where species composition (two Salix species in monoculture or mixture), nutrient addition, and watering frequency (for fixed total water inputs) were varied during two growing seasons. High nutrient availability promoted plant growth and nitrogen accumulation at the pot scale, as well as increased allocation aboveground, but also triggered more intense water stress and mortality, as larger plants depleted soil water during warm periods. Supplying water more frequently slightly alleviated water stress under high nutrient availability, thus promoting growth and nitrogen accumulation. The species mixtures performed better than the average of the mixture constituents (positive net diversity effects) and increasingly so through time. The complementarity and selection effects, respectively, increased and decreased under both high nutrient availability and high watering frequency. Overall, these results suggest that as plants grow larger, plant interactions and resource partitioning intensify, causing the positive diversity effects, but also that drought consequences might be exacerbated in plant communities rapidly growing thanks to high nutrient supply.
Cue reduction or general cue masking do not underlie generalized chemical camouflage in pirate perch
Authors: Resetarits William J. , Breech Tyler M. , Bohenek Jason R. , Pintar Matthew R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAvoiding detection is perhaps the ultimate weapon for both predators and prey. Chemosensory detection of predators via waterborne or airborne cues (predator‐released kairomones) is a key prey adaptation in aquatic ecosystems. Pirate perch, Aphredoderus sayanus, a largely insectivorous mesopredatory fish, are considered to be chemically camouflaged because they are unavoided by all colonizing organisms tested, including treefrogs and aquatic insects, despite stronger predatory effects on target taxa than several avoided fish. To address the mechanism behind camouflage we used aquatic insect colonization as a bioassay to test (1) whether increasing pirate perch density/biomass leads to increased avoidance, and (2) whether pirate perch mask heterospecific fish kairomones. Insect abundances, species richness, and community structure showed no response to pirate perch density. Last, pirate perch did not mask the kairomones of heterospecific predatory fish. Results support the idea that fish kairomones are species‐specific, and chemical camouflage is driven by a unique chemical signature that is either undetectable or has no negative associations for colonists.
Knockdown of XIST up‐regulates 263294miR‐340‐5p to relieve myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury via inhibiting cyclin D1
Authors: Bai Qijun , Li Yan , Song Kunpeng , Huang Jie , Qin Li 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to participate in various human diseases, while the role of X inactive‐specific transcript (XIST) binding microRNA‐340‐5p (miR‐340‐5p) remains seldom studied. We aim to identify the role of the XIST/miR‐340‐5p/cyclin D1 (CCND1) axis in the myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI).Methods and resultsThe mouse MIRI models were established. The expression of XIST, miR‐340‐5p, and CCND1 in mouse myocardial tissues in MIRI mice was assessed. The MIRI mice were respectively treated with altered XIST, miR‐340‐5p, or CCND1. The changes of myocardial enzyme activity were assessed, and the cardiac function was evaluated. Myocardial pathological changes, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and related apoptotic factors, oxidative stress and inflammatory factors were observed in myocardial tissues in mice with MIRI. The binding relationships between XIST and miR‐340‐5p, and between miR‐340‐5p and CCND1 were confirmed. XIST and CCND1 were up‐regulated while miR‐340‐5p was down‐regulated in MIRI mice. Silenced XIST could elevated miR‐340‐5p expression and reduced CCND1 expression, so as to promoted cardiac function and suppressed myocardial enzyme activity, ameliorated pathological changes, decelerated cardiomyocyte apoptosis by elevating Bcl‐2 but reducing the levels of Bax and Caspase‐3, attenuated inflammatory response by repressing IL‐6 and TNF‐α levels, and mitigated oxidative stress by reducing MDA contents and increasing CAT, GSH‐Px, and SOD levels in MIRI mice. XIST sponged miR‐340‐5p and miR‐340‐5p targeted CCND1.ConclusionsKnockdown of XIST up‐regulates miR‐340‐5p to relieve MIRI via inhibiting CCND1.
Eye Cosmeceutical Formulations with Roasted Coffee Oil in Free and Microencapsulated Forms: Development and Preliminary Stability Study
Authors: Böger Bruna R. , Bigotto Briani G. , Lonni Audrey A. S. G. , Benassi Marta T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis research aims to develop eye cosmeceutical formulations with roasted coffee oil. Oil is used in form and microencapsulated forms. A preliminary stability study is performed, and base formulation (BF) is used for comparison. All formulations are stable and firm. Formulations with oil in free (OF) or microencapsulated (MOF) form show color and aroma of coffee. Initially, MOF is the most acid, and BF shows the highest peroxide value (PV) and the lowest sun protection factor (SPF) values and no antioxidant activity (AA). OF and MOF show AA and high SPF ; these parameters are little affected by storage, and an increase in PV is observed only for BF. Cosmeceutical formulations with roasted coffee oil present stability and good potential for dermocosmetic products.Practical Applications: Coffee oil is known for its AA and protection against sunlight UV radiation, so it fits the interest of cosmetics and personal care producers for bioactive ingredients from natural sources. The cosmetics industry uses green coffee oil; however, roasted coffee oil is of more interest since it is a coproduct of the soluble coffee industry. The authors are unaware of studies proposing the use of microcapsules (produced by complex coacervation) of roasted coffee oil in cosmeceutical formulations.
A performance study of a genetic algorithm based mapper design for uncoded space‐time labeling diversity
Authors: Solwa Shaheen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe extent to which uncoded space‐time labeling diversity (USTLD) achieves labeling diversity (LD) depends on the binary mappers used to encode information codewords. Current mapper design algorithms are constrained to constellations of modulation order due to the high computational costs involved. To reduce the computational costs, a genetic algorithm (GA) implementation had been proposed to design LD mappers irrespective of constellation shape or size. Current literature based on designing LD mappers using the GA has not been exhaustively tested for high‐density constellations. This article applies the high‐density mappers to the GA that will produce matching or improved LD mapper designs. Additionally, the GA is analyzed and compared to existing algorithmic approaches that produce LD mappers. The GA had produced high‐density M‐QAM mapper designs that match but did not improve upon existing heuristic and algorithmic mapper designs. In the case of high‐density M‐PSK constellations, the 64‐PSK, 128‐PSK, and 256‐PSK constellations exhibited diversity gains of approximately 5, 4, and 8 dB over existing heuristic mapper designs while exhibiting gains of approximately 9, 7, and 10 dB over the Alamouti STBC at the BER of , respectively. The 128‐APSK and 256‐APSK mappers produced by the GA exhibited diversity gains of approximately 3 and 6 dB over existing mapper designs and approximately 7 and 12 dB over the Alamouti STBC at the BER of . The GA produced LD mapper designs for asymmetric 32‐APSK, 64‐APSK, 128‐APSK, and 256‐APSK constellations. These constellations exhibited diversity gains of approximately 5, 17, 5, and 5 dB over the Alamouti STBC, respectively. The GA was found to produce mapper designs that match or improve upon existing heuristic and algorithmic approaches. A computational complexity analysis was performed on the GA, to which the GA was found to have a complexity of . This was exponentially less expensive than exhaustive search and branch‐and‐bound QAP solvers.
Micro‐ and nanoscale pore‐throat structure, fractal characteristics, and permeability estimation models in deep sandstones: Palaeogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, NE China
Authors: Wang Enze , Feng Yue , Peng Yuting , Li Changrong , Song Yanchen , Liu Guoyong 
Published: December 2021

Long‐term burial and strong diagenesis modification result in highly heterogeneous pore structures in deep clastic reservoirs; these heterogeneities exert a controlling influence over the development of these deep petroleum systems. A clear understanding of the pore structure simplifies the tasks of identifying and modelling reservoirs for the purposes of hydrocarbon exploration. This study characterizes the mineral compositions, physical properties, and pore systems of the first member of the Palaeogene Shahejie Formation (Es1) in the Nanpu Sag using thin section and scanning electron microscope observations, X‐ray diffraction measurements, mercury intrusion capillary pressure, and nuclear magnetic resonance data. Our results show that the Es1 sandstones typically fall into one of three different pore‐throat sizes: mainly 10 μm (type‐I), 1 μm (type‐II), and less than 1 μm (type‐III). Between type‐I and type‐III reservoirs, the pore system changes from residual intergranular pore (InterP) and secondary InterP to secondary intragranular pores (IntraP) and intercrystalline pores. The fractal theory is selected to quantify the heterogeneity of the pore‐throat structure, due to the existence of an irregular and complex pore system (IntraP and intercrystalline pores), the type‐III reservoir has the highest fractal dimension, which indicates that the complex pore‐throat structure is not conducive to the formation of high‐quality deep sandstone reservoirs. Using the fractal dimension and displacement pressure, a novel permeability prediction is proposed, compared with the previous method, the new model is simpler and more effective. Our research can deepen the geological understanding of deep‐burial sandstone reservoirs and further guide petroleum exploration.
Identifying a whole‐brain connectome‐based model in drug‐naïve Parkinson's disease for predicting motor impairment
Authors: Wu Haoting , Zhou Cheng , Bai Xueqin , Liu Xiaocao , Chen Jingwen , Wen Jiaqi , Guo Tao , Wu Jingjing , Guan Xiaojun , Gao Ting , Gu Luyan , Huang Peiyu , Xu Xiaojun , Zhang Baorong , Zhang Minming 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIdentifying a whole‐brain connectome‐based predictive model in drug‐naïve patients with Parkinson's disease and verifying its predictions on drug‐managed patients would be useful in determining the intrinsic functional underpinnings of motor impairment and establishing general brain–behavior associations. In this study, we constructed a predictive model from the resting‐state functional data of 47 drug‐naïve patients by using a connectome‐based approach. This model was subsequently validated in 115 drug‐managed patients. The severity of motor impairment was assessed by calculating Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III scores. The predictive performance of model was evaluated using the correlation coefficient (rtrue) between predicted and observed scores. As a result, a connectome‐based model for predicting individual motor impairment in drug‐naïve patients was identified with significant performance (rtrue = .845, p < .001, ppermu = .002). Two patterns of connection were identified according to correlations between connection strength and the severity of motor impairment. The negative motor‐impairment‐related network contained more within‐network connections in the motor, visual‐related, and default mode networks, whereas the positive motor‐impairment‐related network was constructed mostly with between‐network connections coupling the motor‐visual, motor‐limbic, and motor‐basal ganglia networks. Finally, this predictive model constructed around drug‐naïve patients was confirmed with significant predictive efficacy on drug‐managed patients (r = .209, p = .025), suggesting a generalizability in Parkinson's disease patients under long‐term drug influence. In conclusion, this study identified a whole‐brain connectome‐based model that could predict the severity of motor impairment in Parkinson's patients and furthers our understanding of the functional underpinnings of the disease.
Getting used to terrorist threats? Evidence from French terrorist attacks between 2015 and 2016
Authors: Blasco Sylvie , Moreno‐Galbis Eva , Tanguy Jeremy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper evaluates the effect on mental health of consecutive terrorist attacks in France in 2015 and 2016. We compile information about the three main terrorist attacks that struck France over this period and assess whether the potential effect on mental health (i.e., depression) of a terrorist attack is smoothed once people consider terrorist attacks as “the new normality.” We exploit data from the French Constances epidemiological survey and combine an event study strategy with a difference‐in‐difference approach to compare before‐after changes in mental health the year of the attack with the same changes the year before. We show that the negative effect of a terrorist attack on mental health decreases over time from one attack to another, and disappears completely for the last attack. Socio‐demographic composition of the sample, geographical or socio‐demographic proximity to the victims or media exposure do not arise as factors responsible for this changing effect of terrorist attacks on mental health.