bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-contrast MRI of Brain White Matter in Young Male Patients with Childhood-onset Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
Authors: luo Yunyun , zhou zhibo , li kang , zhu yanlin , yang hongbo , wang linjie , chen shi , duan lian , gong fengying , zhong suyu , gong gaolang , zhu huijuan , pan hui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND The brain structure and function of adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) have not been fully investigated so far. No previous studies have evaluated alterations in brain white matter degree and integrity in AGHD.

PURPOSE To evaluate alterations in brain white matter degree and integrity in AGHD compared to age and gender-matched healthy controls and further explore the correlation between endocrine hormone and brain white matter.

METHODS 17 young AGHD patients and 17 healthy controls were assessed by 3D volumetric T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Whole brain and white matter volume were compared between two groups. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of brain white matter were calculated for group comparison based on DTI. Effect of disease status and hormone levels on FA and MD of brain white matter were evaluated.

RESULTS AGHD had significantly lower serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)，free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels compared with control (p<0.001). AGHD presents no significant change compared with control neither on the whole brain volume (p =0.2) nor the white matter volume (p =0.78). Comparing with controls, brain regions mainly including Middle cerebellar peduncle were decreased on FA and Middle cerebellar peduncle were increased on MD in AGHD. MD of the Left superior longitudinal fasciculus was prominently only associated with serum levels of FT4 in control adjusting for IGF-1 levels.

CONCLUSIONS Young adult male AGHD patients presented alteration of brain white matter on MD and FA in some brain regions.
Creatine kinase is involved aluminum-induced energy metabolism disorder in astrocyte: Role of aluminum speciation
Authors: Ding Yixin , Zhu Kexin , Yu Qianqian , Tian Xuena , Wang Xuerui , Cheng Dai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is an important environmental neurotoxicity, and the speciation of Al largely determines the absorption and toxic effects in human body. The brain-type creatine kinase (CK-BB), which is an important kinase that regulates energy supply in brain tissue, has been found high affinity to Al. The research was carried to explore the potential neurotoxicity mechanism induced by different speciation of Al. In the current work, the C57BL/6 mice and C6 cells were used to explore the role of Al speciation in Al-induced neurotoxicity. The results showed that the expression levels of F-actin and Cyt C/Caspase 9/Caspase 3 signaling pathways were different in mice treated with AlCl3 and Al(mal)3. In C6 cells, the CK-BB activity decreased by 23.92% after 3.5 mM AlCl3 treatment. AlCl3 treatment resulted in insufficient local ATP supply of cells, thereby affecting the formation of F-actin and cell morphology. After Al(mal)3 treatment, the fluorescence intensity of membrane potential was increased by 141.37%, followed by activating apoptosis pathway of Cyt C/Caspase 9/Caspase 3. In addition, molecular docking showed that the binding site of AlCl3 on CK-BB subunit was closer to the active site. Al(mal)3 enhanced the hydrophobicity of CK-BB. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that CK-BB is an important factor in Al-induced energy metabolism disorder process, in which the speciation of Al compound has revealed particular toxicity mechanisms.
Biomimetic, injectable and self-healing hydrogels with sustained release of ranibizumab to treat retinal neovascularization
Authors: Duan Ning , Mei Li , Hu Liting , Yin Xiaoni , Wei Xiangyang , Li Ying , Li Qinghua , Zhao Guiqiu , Zhou Qihui , Du Zhaodong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a typical feature of ischemic retinal diseases, including proliferative diabetic retinopathy, retinal vascular occlusion, and retinopathy of prematurity, which can lead to traction retinal detachment and even blindness in patients. As the downstream of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) leads to the emergence of RNV to a large extent by promoting the formation of new blood vessels. Therefore, anti-VEGF is currently the primary method for treating RNV worldwide. However, as one of the leading clinical anti-VEGF drugs, ranibizumab has several deficiencies of short drug half-life, frequent and repeated intravitreal injections, which indicates more complications and high cost resulting in more poor patient compliance. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an advanced drug delivery system that would achieve long-term delivery of anti-VEGF drugs in the eye. Herein, an injectable aminated hyaluronic acid/aldehyde-functionalized pluronic127 hydrogel loaded with ranibizumab (HP@Ran) is prepared by double dynamic Schiff base reaction for RNV treatment. The HP@Ran hydrogel exhibits excellent injectability, self-healing, and structural stability. Importantly, in vitro drug release study indicates that HP@Ran hydrogel continuously released drugs for more than 56 days owing to the competitive affinity release between ranibizumab and hydrogels. Furthermore, the in vitro biocompatibility assessments reveal that the designed HP@Ran hydrogel has excellent cytocompatibility and blood compatibility. In addition, the anti-angiogenic effect of the HP@Ran hydrogel in an in vivo rabbit persistent retinal neovascularization model suggests that the HP@Ran hydrogel treatment exhibits superior anti-angiogenic efficacy over ranibizumab treatment by decreasing vascular leakage and neovascularization on 12 weeks. Thus, the developed HP@Ran hydrogel possesses great potential for the treatment of RNV.
Individual differences in successful self-regulation of the dopaminergic midbrain
Authors: Hellrung Lydia , Kirschner Matthias , Sulzer James , Sladky Ronald , Scharnowski Frank , Herdener Marcus , Tobler Philippe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The dopaminergic midbrain is associated with reinforcement learning, motivation and decision-making – functions often disturbed in neuropsychiatric disorders. Previous research has shown that dopaminergic midbrain activity can be endogenously modulated via neurofeedback. However, the robustness of endogenous modulation, a requirement for clinical translation, is unclear. Here, we examined whether the activation of particular brain regions associates with successful regulation transfer when feedback is no longer available. Moreover, to elucidate mechanisms underlying effective self-regulation, we studied the relation of successful transfer with temporal difference coding outside the midbrain during neurofeedback training and with individual reward sensitivity in an monetary incentive delay (MID) task. Fifty-nine participants underwent neurofeedback training either in standard (Study 1 N=15, Study 2 N=28) or control feedback group (Study 1, N=16). Successful self-regulation was associated with prefrontal reward sensitivity in the MID task (N=25), with a decreasing relation between prefrontal activity and midbrain learning signals during neurofeedback training and with increased activity within cognitive control areas during transfer. The association between midbrain self-regulation and prefrontal temporal difference and reward sensitivity suggests that reinforcement learning contributes to successful self-regulation. Our findings provide new insights in the control of midbrain activity and may facilitate individually tailoring neurofeedback training.
A patient with hepatitis B virus infection had hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma scattered in the liver which was not suitable for surgical resection: A case report
Authors: Cai Xiangren , Sun Shuchuan , Deng Yuxin , Pan Siyuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma (HEAML) is a rare tumor of mesenchymal tissue with a malignant tendency. It most frequently occurs in women. According to incomplete statistics, the incidence in men and women is approximately 1:5. Most HEAML lesions are single, and the lesions are generally located in the right lobe of the liver. In rare cases, the occurrence and development of the disease is hidden, the lesions are generally found by chance by patients, there are no special signs, and imaging has no specificity in the diagnosis of the disease. In addition, the misdiagnosis rate is very high with an accuracy rate of < 32%. Therefore, it has led to great difficulties in our diagnosis and treatment. This patient was a middle-aged female with a history of hepatitis B and no other special symptoms. She is a patient with multiple intrahepatic angiomyolipoma. Due to the small and scattered foci, complete resection was impossible, and due to her history of hepatitis B, conservative treatment was taken, and regular follow-up was performed. There was no tumor neogenesis or metastasis at the one-year follow-up.
Cardiac MRI for Fontan Candidates after Intrapulmonary-Artery Septation
Authors: Ishidou Motonori , Sato Keisuke , Ito Hiroki , Hirose Keiichi , Ikai Akio , Sakamoto Kisaburo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A male neonate diagnosed with single left ventricle, transposition of the great arteries, and valvular pulmonary stenosis, underwent staged single-ventricle reconstruction. However, he was found to have unilateral pulmonary circulation due to pulmonary artery hypoplasia and pulmonary venous obstruction after cavopulmonary anastomosis. Therefore, intrapulmonary-artery septation was performed. The function of each lung after intrapulmonary-artery septation was evaluated using cardiac magnetic resonance to assess whether the Fontan procedure was indicated, and the two-lung Fontan circulation was achieved. Therefore, cardiac magnetic resonance can be used to evaluate pulmonary circulation after intrapulmonary-artery septation and determine the patient’s eligibility for Fontan procedure.
Land-use policies overcome fire suppression effects on functional diversity in a fire-prone, abandoned mountain area
Authors: Regos Adrián , Campos João Carlos , Albuquerque Beatriz , Civantos Emilio , Honrado João Pradinho 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
ContextClimate and land-use changes are contributing to impacts on global ecosystems functioning. These effects are particularly severe in areas undergoing land abandonment and extreme wildfire events, such as the Mediterranean regions of Iberian Peninsula.ObjectivesPrevious studies have evaluated the impacts of land management on fire mitigation and biodiversity, but how such strategies influence functional diversity remains unexplored. This study investigates if alternative land-fire management strategies affect functional diversity.MethodsManagement scenarios were modelled for 2050 on the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Gerês-Xurés (Portugal-Spain). The land-use scenarios simulated processes of land abandonment (“business-as-usual” – BAU) and the implementation of EU rural policies (“High Nature Value farmlands” - HNV), and were combined with three fire suppression levels. Species distribution models (102 vertebrates) were projected to each scenario and functional diversity indices were consequently calculated.ResultsThe highest functional richness was predicted for BAU scenarios, probably representing the benefits to unique species that deliver singular functions. The HNV scenarios provided the highest functional divergence, probably indicating a high niche differentiation and low resource competition amongst agricultural communities. HNV was the most beneficial scenario for ecosystem functioning, while fire suppression did not affect functional diversity.ConclusionsDespite the proneness to burn of our study area and the effects of firefighting on its fire regime, land-use policies are expected to overcome fire suppression effects on functional diversity. These findings suggest that different facets of functional diversity will be unevenly influenced by fire-landscape dynamics driven by the land-use policies to be implemented in the upcoming decades.
Seizures in PPT1 Knock-in Mice are Associated with Inflammatory Activation of Microglia
Authors: Zhang Xusheng , Wang Mengting , Feng Bingyan , Zhang Qiuyu , Tong Jia , Wang Ming , Lu Chengbiao , Peng Shiyong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL), the most severe form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, is caused by mutations in the lysosomal enzyme palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1). Typical symptoms of this disease include progressive psychomotor developmental retardation, visual failure, seizures, and premature death. Here, we investigated seizure activity and relevant pathological changes in PPT1 knock-in mice (PPT1 KI). The behavior studies in this study demonstrated that PPT1 KI mice had no significant seizure activity until 7 months of age, and local field potentials also displayed epileptiform activity at the same age. The expressional levels of Iba-1 and CD68 demonstrated by Western blot analysis, the inflammatory cytokine TNFα content measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the branch number and length of microglia demonstrated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) were significantly increased at age of 7 months, all of which indicate microglia activation at an age of seizure onset. The increased expressional of GFAP was seen at an earlier age of 4 month and such an increase reached its peak at age of 6 month, indicating that astrocyte activation precedes microglia. The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is a ATP-sensitive ionic channel that is highly expressed in microglia and fundamental to microglial activation, proliferation, cytokines release and epilepsy. We show that the ATP concentration in hippocampal tissue in PPT1 KI mice was increased using an enhanced ATP assay kit and demonstrated that the antagonist of P2X7R, A-438079 significantly reduced seizures in PPT1 KI mice. In contrast to glial cell activation and proliferation, the significant reduction of synaptic proteins GABAAR were seen in PPT1 KI mice. These results indicate that seizure in PPT1 KI mice may be associated with microglial activation involving in ATP-sensitive-P2X7R signaling and damaged inhibitory neurotransmission.
Self-perceived burden, social support and pain, and kinesiophobia correlates in Chinese older adults with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Tan Mingyang , Li Hongyu , LI Jingyan , LIU Yanping , JI Xiaofu , ZHANG Yanli , ZOU Yinghan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The health of the elderly has always been the focus of attention in various countries, and how to better enable the elderly to enjoy a good quality of life has become a major focus of our research. This study was conducted to increase knowledge on the actuality of social support and pain, self-perceived burden, and kinesiophbia in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis in China to provide evidence for disease recovery.Methods: Cross-sectional survey using a general demographic questionnaire, social support and pain scale(SPQ), self-perceived burden scale and scale(SPBS), and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia(TSK-11) were administered.Results: The results showed a prevalence of 57.89% for kinesiophobia in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis. Social support and pain was negatively correlated with self-perceived burden scores and kinesiophobia scores（（r=-0.297,p＜0.01；r=-0.368,p＜0.01）, the self-perceived burden was positively correlated with kinesiophobia（r=0.605,p＜0.01）. The marital status, education, degree of understanding of the condition, pain degree, SPQ, and SPBS were associated with kinesiophobia, counting for 43.2% of the variance in kinesiophobia.Conclusions: The prevalence of kinesiophobia in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis is very high. Medical works should take early intervention measures to improve pain social support and reduce the self-perceived burden, and help promote disease recovery.
Further Use of Spent Co-Based Macroporous Adsorbent for Low-Temperature Hydrodesulfurization
Authors: Feng Yue-Ting , Wang Jian , Yang Chao , Su Zhe-Lin , Fan Hui-Ling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Solid waste Co-containing adsorbents are considered to be used for the hydrotreating process. Herein, Cobalt-based waste materials from the low-temperature desulfurization process were used as organic sulfur hydrotreating catalysts. Physicochemical properties of waste adsorbents were characterized and the performance for COS conversion was evaluated at different conditions. The spent Co-containing adsorbents exhibit considerable organic sulfur hydrogenation performance at low temperature, the residual cobalt oxide in sulfided samples will absorb part of hydrogen sulfide and generate new active phase Co9S8. By further characterization, it can be found that the unstable Co-S bond on the surface of the sample played a key role in hydrogenation catalysis. Results indicated that the sulfidation degree of the waste adsorbents played a key role in the hydrotreating process. With the temperature increasing from 150~250 ℃, the conversion rate and H2S selectivity were increased. It is hoped that this paper will provide significant suggestions in waste adsorbents treatment for future work.
Deep learning-based noise filtering toward millisecond order imaging by using scanning transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Ihara Shiro , Saito Hikaru , Yoshinaga Mizumo , Murayama Mitsuhiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Application of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) to in situ observation will be essential in the current and emerging data-driven materials science by taking STEM’s high affinity with various analytical options into account. As is well known, STEM’s image acquisition time needs to be further shortened to capture a targeted phenomenon in real time as STEM’s current temporal resolution is far below the conventional TEM’s. However, rapid image acquisition in the millisecond per frame or faster generally causes image distortion, poor electron signals, and unidirectional blurring, which are obstacles for realizing video-rate STEM observation. Here we show an image correction framework integrating deep learning (DL)-based denoising and image distortion correction schemes optimized for STEM rapid image acquisition. By comparing a series of distortion corrected rapid scan images with corresponding regular scan speed images, the trained DL network is proven to remove not only the statistical noise but also the unidirectional blurring. This result demonstrates that rapid as well as high-quality image acquisition by STEM without hardware modification can be established by the DL. The DL-based noise filter could be applied to in-situ observation, such as dislocation activities under external stimuli, with high spatio-temporal resolution.
Lipid-A-Dependent and Cholesterol-Dependent Dynamics Properties of Liposomes from Gram-Negative Bacteria in ESKAPE.
Authors: Franco-Gonzalez Juan Felipe , Matamoros-Recio Alejandra , Torres-Mozas Angel , Rodrigo-Lacave Blanca , Martin-Santamaria Sonsoles 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
AntiMicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a worldwide health emergency. ESKAPE pathogens include the most relevant AMR bacterial families. In particular, Gram-negative bacteria stand out due to their cell envelope complexity which exhibits strong resistance to antimicrobials. A key element for AMR is the chemical structure of lipid A, modulating the physico-chemical properties of the membrane and permeability to antibiotics. Liposomes are used as models of bacterial membrane infective vesicles. In this work, coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations were used to model liposomes from ESKAPE Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). We captured the role of lipid A, cardiolipin and cholesterol on liposome morphology and physico-chemical properties. Additionally, the reported antimicrobial peptides Cecropin B1, JB95, and PTCDA1-kf, were used to unveil their implications on membrane disruption. This study opens promising avenues to understand the molecular keys of bacterial membranes and to develop new antimicrobials to overcome AMR.
DeepPN: A Deep Parallel Neural Network Based On Convolutional Neural Network and Graph Convolutional Network For Predicting RNA-Protein Binding Sites
Authors: Zhang Jidong , Liu Bo , Wang Zhihan , Lehnert Klaus , Gahegan Mark 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a vital role in post-transcriptional control. Identification of RBPs binding sites is a key step for the anatomy of the essential mechanism of gene regulation by controlling splicing, stability, localization and translation. Traditional methods for detecting RBPs binding sites are time-consuming and computationally-intensive. Recently, the computational method has been incorporated in researches of RBPs. Nevertheless, lots of them not only rely on the sequence data of RNA but also need the additional data, for example the secondary structural data of RNA, to improve the performance of prediction, which needs the pre-work to prepare the learnable representation of structural data.
Results
To reduce the dependency of those pre-work, in this paper, we introduce DeepPN, a deep parallel neural network that is constructed with a convolutional neural network (CNN) and graph convolutional network (GCN) for detecting RBPs binding sites. It includes a two-layer CNN and GCN in parallel to extract the hidden features. After that, there is the fully connected layer to make the prediction. DeepPN discriminate the RBP binding sites on learnable representation of RNA sequence, which only uses the sequence data without using other data, for example the secondary or tertiary structure data of RNA. DeepPN is evaluated on 24 datasets of RBPs binding sites with other state-of-the-art methods. The results show that the performance of DeepPN is comparable to the published methods.
Conclusion
Our experimental data show that our method can effectively capture potential hidden features in RBP and use these features for effective classification prediction of binding sites.