bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Influencing Factors of Medical Ethics Committees from the Perspective of Organizational Capability—A Crisp-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 107 Cases
Authors: Lu Lu , Shuwen Shi , Beibei Lou , Xin Hu , Bojing Liu , Chanjuan Liu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundCompared with international Institutional Review Board, China started late; however, in recent years, under the promotion of Chinese government departments, academic organizations, and experts and scholars at all levels, Chinese Institutional Review Board have made great achievements in the protection of rights and interests, systems, and procedures， Chinese Institutional Review Board are still weak in their organizational capacity building. The organizational capacity building of Institutional Review Board is a subject with complex causality, and it is difficult to offer a completely reasonable explanation for all aspects. MethodIn this article, we analyzed the influencing factors that affect the current status of the operation of Chinese Institutional Review Board, using literature analysis to refine the conditional variables and analyze the cases of 107 tertiary hospitals in China through crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis (csQCA) to explore the impact of medical ethics. Using the necessary conditions and combination of committee construction, combined with the “Yang Triangle” model of organizational capabilities, we designed a “Triangle force” model of the organizational capabilities of Institutional Review Board and proposed solutions from the perspective of organizational capabilities, reflecting on and analyzing the current management status of Chinese Institutional Review Board. ResultsWe found that the protection of rights and interests was a necessary condition for a medical ethics committee. A lack of member ability, lack of review process, and lack of a supervision mechanism were sufficient conditions for a poor construction of a medical ethics committee. ConclusionsWe analyzed seven interpretation paths for this organization to operate well and they can be summarized into three typical paths: member ability-oriented, institutional process-oriented, and resource system-oriented, which are consistent with the “Triangle force” model hypothesis of the medical ethics committee’s organizational capabilities as constructed in this article. The driving factors and supporting forces of an ethics committee provide a theoretical basis and policy suggestions for the organization of Chinese Institutional Review Board.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic landscape of quinoa during seed germination
Authors: Hao Yuqiong , Hong Yechun , Guo Huimin , Qin Peiyou , Huang Ancheng , Yang Xiushi , Ren Guixing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), a dicotyledonous species native to Andean region, is an emerging crop worldwide nowadays due to its high nutritional value and resistance to extreme abiotic stresses. Although it is well known that seed germination is an important and multiple physiological process, the network regulation of quinoa seed germination is largely unknown. Results: Here, we performed transcriptomic study in five stages of quinoa germinating seeds. Together with the GC-MS based metabolome analysis, we found that seed metabolism is reprogrammed with significant alteration of multiple phytohormones (especially abscisic acid) and other nutrients during the elongation of radicels. Cell-wall remodeling is another main active process happening in the early period of quinoa seed germination. At the final stage of seed germination, photosynthesis was fully activated, promoting the biosynthesis of amino acids and protein to allow seedling growth. The multi-omics analysis revealed global changes in metabolic pathways and phenotype during quinoa seed germination.Conclusion: The transcriptomic and metabolomic landscape depicted here pave ways for further gene function elucidation and quinoa development in the future.
Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Algae and Shellfish in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project
Authors: Long Yan , Feng Mengjuan , Li Youming , Qu Jia , Gao Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Since the main canal of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project was put into operation, the species, quantity and biomass of algae and shellfish have responded quickly to the environment, and a single dominant species has appeared in the community, demonstrating the remarkably abnormal proliferation property of algae and shellfish. In order to evaluate the safety risk of abnormal proliferation of algae and shellfish in the Middle Route and realize dynamic analysis of all kinds of influencing factors, a comprehensive risk evaluation system of algae and shellfish in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project based on comprehensive weighting and Four-Element Connection Number (MCEN) was constructed by integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the weight assignment theory of CRITIC. The system consists of 21 evaluation indexes selected from risk factors and carriers. Taking Henan section in the Middle Route as an example, comprehensive risk evaluation system of algae and shellfish in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project was applied to calculate the partial connection number of each order and obtain the risk development trend of each indicator. The results showed that algae and shellfish in the Middle Route were in a very safe state at the safety risk level of level Ⅰ. Finally, reasonable measures to reduce the risks facing algae and shellfish in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project are given, which effectively make up the deficiency of existing evaluation methods.
Study on the impact of the improvement of traffic accessibility on regional economic disparity—Evidence from the cities along the Beijing-Shanghai HSR
Authors: Yu Lu , Wang Yaoyao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Railway transportation, as a major mode of travel in China, has an important impact on traffic conditions and even local economic development. This paper evaluates the changes of traffic accessibility and its impact on regional economic disparity of the cities along the Beijing-Shanghai HSR from 2009 to 2016. On the whole, this paper found that the traffic accessibility of all cities along this line has been greatly improved. Some medium-sized city closer to the core city and located at the middle of the Beijing Shanghai HSR benefit the most, while the small cities farther away from the core cities benefit the least. This line has also brought about a certain improvement on equilibrium level of traffic accessibility, but the increase between the cities is very different. The economic disparity between large and medium-sized cities and small-sized cities along this line has widened.
Synergistic Effects of Mixed Metal Stearate, Calcium Carbonate Particles and Recycled Low Density Polyethylene on The Mechanical, Thermal and Structural Performance of Polyvinylchloride Blend.
Authors: Maou Samira , Meftah yazid , Meghezzi ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Thermo-mechanical recycling process is the cheapest way to recover plastic wastes such as LDPE with lower ecological impact, thus, the target in this work is to achieve high performance microcomposites prepared from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), recycled low density polyethylene (r-LDPE), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and Calcium/Zinc stearate (CaSt2/ZnSt2). The effects of two ratios of thermal stabilizers with different concentrations, on the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PVC and PVC/r-LDPE (1:1) blend were studied. The samples were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical tests, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The addition of 5 phr of CaSt2:ZnSt2 = 9:1 into PVC (MC4) seems to produce an optimum tensile strength and elongation at break values. In addition, it is highlighted that MC4 showed a high thermal stability. Moreover, the incorporation of r-LDPE into PVC makes the PVC matrix stronger and more stable than pure PVC which yields to high mechanical and thermal performances. Furthermore, an outstanding synergistic effect can be showed when heat stabilizer rich in calcium combined with CaCO3 and r-LDPE. This PVC/r-LDPE blend as waste composite can be used in several industry fields. Finally, we used DFT calculation to elucidate the dehydrochlorination mechanism of PVC in presence of Ca and Zn stearate.
A new generation of commercial brain surgery robot clinical application research
Authors: Yin Feng , Chen Hui , Yan Xin , Ding Sheng-chao , Zhao Ming-Ming , Cao Shou-Ming , Li Tong , Yang Chun-Juan , Liu Ying , Huang Yu , Zhao Feng , Wang Ya-Ming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To evaluate a new generation of commercial robotic (CR) the clinical practicability of stereotactic robotic system, operating accuracy and operation safety. We analyzed retrospectively in 08, 2018-2020 - June, during the application of CR type brain surgery robot system implementation frameless stereotactic brain surgery clinical data of 120 patients, observe clinical practicability, positioning accuracy and safety. Clin-ical successful completion of the frameless positioning brain surgery in 120 cases, the procedure goes well, no serious complications. Including registration and operation stage, the average operation time was 23.5 to 80.2 min. To the postoperative target accuracy evaluation, the results show that target error in 1.36 and 0.42 mm, 4 cases of patients with brain damaged kernel group, using three nail operation head frame fixed Mayfield, use solid coupling device to robot and heads fixed after surgery, results show that the target error in 0.92 and 0.21 mm, meet the operation requirements. The new generation of CR stereotactic robotic system has great improvement compared with the previous generation, which can apply to all types of stereotactic surgery at present, to enhance the practical operation, the structure design more reasonable, integrated practical operation, positioning precision and convenient operation, meet the demand of clinical application.
Eco-Friendly Bio-Based Adhesive for Plyboard from Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) Blended Isocyanate Crosslinked Starch
Authors: Soubam Triveni , Gupta Arun , Jamari Saidatul Shima Binti 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The adhesives used in the production of plyboard are a matter of concern due to the emission of carcinogenic gas formaldehyde, increased environmental pollution and the depletion of fossil fuels. As a result, the study's goal was to concentrate on the development and application of bio-adhesives capable of meeting the standard of formaldehyde-based synthetic adhesives for plywood. The bio-adhesive was developed using natural rubber latex (NRL) and isocyanate crosslinked rice starch. The resultant bio-adhesive was investigated for chemical interaction, viscosity, solid content, and gel time. To analyzed the efficacy of the formulated bio-adhesive a plyboard was developed. The physical and mechanical properties of the plyboard are investigated. It is found that the presence of isocyanate and urethane capabilities in NRL blended crosslinked starch bio-adhesive formulations was observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The bio-adhesive Iso-A was discovered to have the highest viscosity of 8270 mPa.s. The bio-adhesive type Iso-B has the shortest gel time of 3.46 min and the highest solid content of 44%, the higher solid content accelerates the gel time. The plyboard bonded with Iso-B bio-adhesive shows the lowest thickness swelling (TS) of 13% and water absorption (WA) of 52%. Plyboard bonded with Gly-B bio-adhesive had the highest shear strength of 1.92 MPa corresponded to the ISO 12466-2-2007 standard requirements. As a result, NRL blended isocyanate starch-based bio-adhesive could be a good potential raw material for eco-friendly plyboard industries with adequate accuracy.
Effect of Recycling Digestate Filtrate for Cow Dung Dilution on Biogas Production
Authors: ABAKAKA INOUSS MAMATE , Joël TIZE KODA 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Biogas production in the Sahelian zone faces the problem of water shortage during the dry season. This study was initiated in the bioscience laboratory at the University of Maroua with the objective of improving the accessibility of households to biogas in water scarcity conditions. Also another aim is to recycle the filtrate of the digestate into a new dilution of the substrate for biogas production. Thus, the Cow Dung (CD) digestate from the biogas unit was filtered. Two types of filters were made: filter with sand and cotton and filter with sand, biochar and cotton. The filtrate obtained was used to make five treatments with CD to feed mini biodigesters (1st generation) of 1 liter each. After a HRT of 30 days, the digestate from the 1st generation was again filtered into the same treatments (2nd generation). During the anaerobic digestion; the production and pH of each treatment repeated three times were evaluated. The effect of water recycling and the type of filtration were analyzed. This study shows that the dilution of CD with the filtrate from the 1st generation significantly improves on the production of biogas by 47% compared to that of dung diluted with ordinary water. In the 2nd generation, dilution with ordinary water provided the best production which is 7% higher than that obtained from the filtrates without biochar. As the pH is concerned, it varies between 6 and 7.5 when filtrates are used. It was more acidic when water has been used.
Impact of Online Learning on Sense of Belonging Among First Year Clinical Health Students During COVID-19: Student and Academic Perspectives
Authors: Tang Clarice , Thyer Liz , Bye Rosalind , Kenny Belinda , Tulliani Nikki , Peel Nicole , Gordon Rebecca , Penkala Stefania , Tannous Caterina , Sun Yu-Ting , Dark Leigha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The need to belong is a fundamental human desire that provides the basis for relationships and community; it provides a sense of security that enables growth and development. This sense of belonging is pivotal to new University students, indeed, without it, students are at greater risk of failing or withdrawing from their studies. Yet developing a sense of belonging within a new cohort is complex and multi-faceted and further complicated by a sudden shift from face-to-face to online learning. Our study explores first year clinical health students’ sense of belonging in the context of the rapid transition to online learning because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
We utilised a current mixed-method approach including a survey incorporating previously validated tools, demographic and open-ended qualitative questions. Data was also gathered from three focus groups: two dedicated student groups and one academic focus group. Qualitative data was subjected to thematic analysis whilst descriptive statistics were used to describe the quantitative data.
Results
179 first year students complete the survey and four students, and five academics were involved in the focus groups. All participants were from clinical health science courses at an Australian university. Our qualitative results indicated a global theme of: Navigating belonging during the COVID-19 crisis: a shared responsibility; with four organising themes describing (1) dimensions of belonging, (2) individual experiences and challenges, (3) reconceptualising teaching and learning, and (4) relationships are central to belonging.
Conclusion
While the rapid transition to online learning did not greatly impact knowledge acquisition of first-year students in this cohort, the lack of sense of belonging highlights the need for further research into development of this essential aspect of learning in the online domain. Although contextualised in the COVID-19 pandemic, it became clear that the findings will remain relevant beyond the current situation, as a student’s need to belong will always be present in the face of challenges or change.
CD97 Serves as a Novel Biomarker of Immune Cell Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Su Qiuming , Li Lu , Li Xiaokai , Li Wang , Zhang Xibing , Dong Yun , Han Lei , Wang Duo , Ran Jianghua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: CD97 is the most widely expressed G protein-coupled receptor in the epidermal growth factor seven-span transmembrane family. It plays a vital role in cell adhesion, migration, and cell connection regulation. We explored the role of CD97 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: We evaluated CD97 mRNA expression in HCC using TNMplot and the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The clinical prognostic significance of CD97 in HCC was evaluated by gene expression profiling interactive analysis, the Kaplan–Meier plotter, and the UALCAN database. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and CIBERSORT databases were used to analyze the relationships among CD97, CD97 co-expression genes, and tumor-infiltrating immune cells.Results: CD97 was highly expressed in HCC and was associated with a poor prognosis. CD97 and its co-expressed genes were positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and strongly correlated with tumor-infiltrating macrophages (all r ≥ 0.513, P < 0.0001). CD97 was closely related to M2 macrophage and tumor-associated macrophage markers (both r ≥ 0.464, P < 0.0001). CD97 was found to be an immune-related gene in HCC and positively correlated with the TOX, PD-L1, PD-L2, CTLA4, and PD-1 immune checkpoint genes. CD97 copy number alterations affect the level of immune cell infiltration and mRNA expression.Conclusions: CD97 can be used as a potential molecular marker of prognosis in HCC, which is associated with immune cell infiltration.
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in patients with primary polydipsia compared to healthy volunteers
Authors: Sailer Clara Odilia , Kühne Jill M. , Conceição Ismael da , Refardt Julie , Christ-Crain Mirjam , Winzeler Bettina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: Primary polydipsia is characterized by excessive fluid intake which may suppress vasopressin levels. It is speculated that suppressed vasopressin levels lead to a dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as vasopressin co-modulates the HPA axis. However, data is contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate markers of the HPA axis in patients with primary polydipsia compared to healthy controls. Design: Exploratory analysis combining data from two different prospective observational studies.Method: We included 34 patients with primary polydipsia (68% females, median aged 29.5 years (IQR 26.0, 38.8)) and 20 healthy volunteers (55% females, median age 24.0 years (IQR 22.0, 27.2)). The main outcome was circadian serum and salivary cortisol, 24-hour urinary free cortisol, and cortisol levels before and after adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation.Results: No difference was seen in circadian serum cortisol levels (p=0.9), urinary free cortisol levels (p=0.17), and serum cortisol in response to ACTH stimulation (p=0.77) between patients with primary polydipsia and healthy volunteers. However, circadian salivary cortisol levels were significantly lower in patients with primary polydipsia as compared to healthy volunteers with an estimated difference of -3.7 nmol/l (95%-CI -5.5, -1.8 nmol/l, p=<0.001). Conclusion: Our results suggest no difference in HPA axis activity between patients with primary polydipsia and healthy volunteers. The observed difference in salivary cortisol levels may be linked to a dilution effect in saliva rather than an altered stress axis considering the other findings.
Adaptability and Stability of Coffea Canephora to Dynamic Environments Using Bayesian Approach
Authors: Partelli Fabio Luiz , Silva Flavia Alves , Covre André Monzoli , Oliosi Gleison , Correa Caio Cezar Guedes , Viana Alexandre Pio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The aim of the work was to use the Bayesian approach, modeling the interaction of coffee genotypes with the environment, using a bisegmented regression to identify stable and adapted genotypes. A group of 43 promising genotypes of Coffea canephora was chosen. The genotypes were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications of seven plants each. The experimental plot was harvested four years in the study period, according to the maturation cycle of each genotype. The proposed Bayesian methodology was implemented in the free program R using rstanarm and coda. After fine adjustments in the approach, it was possible to make inferences about the significant GxE interaction, and to discriminate the coffee genotypes regarding production, adaptability and stability.
A Novel Decentralized Federated Learning Approach to Train on Globally Distributed, Poor Quality, and Protected Private Medical Data
Authors: Nguyen T. V. , Dakka M. A. , Diakiw S. M. , VerMilyea M. D. , Perugini M. , Hall J. M. M. , Perugini D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Training on multiple diverse data sources is critical to ensure unbiased and generalizable AI. In healthcare, data privacy laws prohibit data from being moved outside the country of origin, preventing global medical datasets being centralized for AI training. Data-centric, cross-silo federated learning represents a pathway forward for training on distributed medical datasets. Existing approaches typically require updates to a training model to be transferred to a central server, potentially breaching data privacy laws unless the updates are sufficiently disguised or abstracted to prevent reconstruction of the dataset. Here we present a completely decentralized federated learning approach, using knowledge distillation, ensuring data privacy and protection. Each node operates independently without needing to access external data. AI accuracy using this approach is found to be comparable to centralized training, and when nodes comprise poor-quality data, which is common in healthcare, AI accuracy can exceed the performance of traditional centralized training.
Constraint-based modeling identifies metabolic vulnerabilities during the epithelial to mesenchymal transition
Authors: Campit Scott , Keshamouni Venkateshwar G. , Chandrasekaran Sriram 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundEpithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmentally conserved cellular process critical for tumor metastasis. EMT enables malignant epithelial cells to acquire mesenchymal-like migratory and invasive phenotype. During EMT cancer cells undergo extensive metabolic reprogramming that correlates with the suppression of proliferation, and stimulation of the energy-intensive migratory behavior. However, the causal relationship between metabolic changes and coordinated physiological phenotypes that occur during EMT is still unclear. MethodsWe used bulk time-course transcriptomics and proteomics, and single-cell transcriptomics from five independent EMT studies in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells to simulate metabolic network activity using constraint-based modeling.ResultsModel predictions were validated using literature mining, experimental studies and CRISPR-Cas9 essentiality screens. We uncovered temporal metabolic dependencies in glycolysis and glutamine metabolism reactions, and experimentally validated isoform-specific dependency on Enolase3 for cell survival during EMT.ConclusionsTogether, our approach uncovered temporally regulated cell-state-specific metabolic dependencies in cells undergoing EMT.