bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Teknik Pemodelan Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Dan Aktivitas Belajar Siswa Kelas XII SMAN 1 Tebing Tinggi Dalam Menulis Teks Berbentuk Eksplanation Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Delsa Delsa 
Published: August 2022

Kemampuan menulis teks berbentuk explanation yang rendah menjadi permasalahan tersendiri dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Untuk mengatasinya diperlukan strategi yang tepat, salah satunya dengan penerapan teknik pemodelan. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana Upaya Peningkatan menulis teks berbentuk explanation Melalui Penerapan Teknik Pemodelan pada Siswa Kelas XII IPS SMAN 1 Tebing Tinggi Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran di kelas khususnya menulis teks berbentuk explanation dengan menggunakan teknik pemodelan akan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas XII IPA SMAN 1 Tebing Tinggi Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022 yang berjumlah 21 orang. Data kemampuan berpidato siswa diambil melalui tes lisan berpidato. Berdasarkan analisis data pembelajaran sebelumnya membuktikan bahwa penerapan teknik pemodelan telah memberikan efek peningkatan pada hasil belajar siswa pada setiap siklus. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan persentase ketuntasan siswa dari siklus I hingga siklus II yaitu siklus I pra siklus nilai rata-rata pra siklus nilai rata-rata 48,21 dan hanya ada 3 siswa atau 14,29% siswa yang dinyatakan tuntas karena memperoleh nilai minimal 70 sesuai dengan KKM. Pada siklus pertama setelah pembelajaran dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode pemodelan, hasil belajar meningkat menjadi 11 siswa atau 52,38% dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 67,86. Pada siklus kedua dengan menerapkan metode pemodelan hasil belajar meningkat menjadi rata-rata 82,14 dengan tingkat ketuntasan belajar siswa sebesar 100%. Hasil ini telah mencapai persentase target keberhasilan yang telah ditentukan oleh peneliti sebelum penelitian dilakukan yaitu 85% dan nilai rata-rata minimal 70. Dari hasil penelitian tindakan kelas ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan teknik pemodelan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dan hasil belajar menulis teks berbentuk explanation siswa XII IPS SMAN 1 Tebing Tinggi Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Aktif Tipe Peer Lessons Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam Pada Kelas IX 1 SMPN 3 Pekanbaru Tahun 2022
Authors: Nurazmi Nurazmi 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam dengan menerapkan Strategi Pembelajaran Aktif Tipe Peer lessons. Adapun rumusan masalah yang telah disusun oleh peneliti adalah : “Apakah dengan menerapkan strategi pembelajaran aktif tipe peer lessons dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa Kelas IX 1 SMP Negeri 3 Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini diterapkan di SMP Negeri 3 Pekanbaru, di Kelas IX 1, sedangkan waktu pelaksanaan penelitian tindakan kelas adalah tahun 2022 pada semester genap. Yang menjadi subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas IX 1 sebanyak 39 orang siswa. Analisis data mengunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian menentukan aspek-aspek yang diamati pada masing-masing indicator motivasi belajardan hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian pada bab-bab yang telah dibahas dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan strategi pembelajaran aktif tipe peer lessons dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa Kelas IX 1 SMP Negeri 3 Pekanbaru, mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada pokok bahasan Akikah dan Kurban Menumbuhkan kepedulian umat. Setelah dilakukan tidakan pada siklus I motivasi dan hasil belajar kognitif siswa meningkat dari 53,33 % siswa mencapai nilai KKM dan setelah tindakan pada siklus II ada peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa menjadi 92,31 % telah mencapai nilai KKM.
Aliran Asy’ariyah: Sebuah Kajian Historis Pengaruh Aliran Serta Pokok Teologinya
Authors: Adryan Muhammad , Santalia Indo 
Published: August 2022

Aliran Asy’ariyah merupakan salah satu alairan ilmu kalam yang banyak dilakukan studi oleh para akademisi. Aliran Asy’ariyah didirikan oleh Abu Hasan Al-Asy’ari menjadi salah satu cikal bakal lahirnya aliran ASWAJA atau ahlu sunnah waljama’ah. Selain itu, aliran asy’ariyah memliki banyak pengikut dari kalangan Islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aliran asy’ariyah dalam kajian historis, pengaruh dan ajaran pokoknya. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kajian pustaka (library research). Teknik pengumpulan data berasal dari menelaah sumber referensi yang berasal dari penelitian yang relevan yang berupa artikel, buku dan sebagainya. Teknik analisis data dengan mengumpulkan, menganalisis dan menarik sebuah kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aliran asy’ariyah menjadi sebuah aliran yang menjadi embrio lahir aliran ahl Al-Sunnah Waljama’ah yang menjadi suatu aliran para sejak Nabi Muhammad Saw sampai pada para sahabat. Aliran Asy’ariyah merupakan suatu reaksi terhadap aliran muktazilah dan ajaran pokok dalam aliran ini terdiri dari zat dan sifat-sifat Tuhan, kebebesan dalam berkehendak, akal dan wahyu, kebaikan dan keburukan serta qadimnya kalam Allah SWT, Wujud Allah, keadilan, dan kebaruan alam dan kedudukan orang yang berbuat dosa.
A Machine Learning Approach to Finding Factors that Lead to Environmental Friendliness
Authors: Maddury Sucheer 
Published: August 2022

To maintain a sustainable society, environmental friendliness is necessary, an effort that all countries must take part in. The effort must be pioneered by developed nations with the resources to enact sustainable policies, reduce emissions and conserve energy, from which developing nations will follow the eroded path. Recognizing the factors that promote environmental friendliness is necessary for researchers, policymakers, and activists alike.	Several past studies have examined the relationship between environmental performance and various nationwide factors such as economic strength, education, and corruption. In this paper, however, we introduce the machine learning approach Multiple-Linear Regression, allowing several variables to be used in tandem.	We constructed a dataset using a variety of variables from a variety of sources, either examined in past literature or justified logically. We measured environmental friendliness through the Environmental Performance Index (EPI), and chose feature variables of Women in Parliament (%), Internet users (%), Freedom Index, Ethnic fractionalization, Technological development, Press Freedom Index, Corruption Perceptions Index, GDP per capita ($), and Education Index, and Population.	We found that Multiple-Linear Regression is an effective way of measuring EPI, where several metrics indicate that EPI is almost completely determined by the feature variables. We end the study by presenting the correlations of each of the variables with EPI, and find that almost all exhibit strong linear relationships. These correlations should bring light to the characteristics of environmentally friendly countries, mainly Nordic nations.
Equity Practices of Teaching Science at Secondary Level
Authors: Gautam Tikaram 
Published: August 2022

The main objectives of this study is to explore the equity practices in science classroom. Implementation of equity provision in science classroom is very important. Equity means ensuring the needs of the students according to their necessities. It focuses on individual teaching. All students are different and having the specific capacity and capacity of learning and teacher should facilitate them all according to their ability and they should have rights to equal access in resources and other extra supports for their improvement and also should have the equality in achievement. To reveal such practices in learning science researcher used phenomenological study. Two secondary science teachers were selected using purposive and convenient sampling method. The in-depth interview was taken for data collection two times to saturate the data. Collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Practices of equity provision were found weaker. Teacher were found little bit concerned about the equity in pedagogy but it was limited only to sitting arrangement and group division. They could not provide the adequate concern on homework checkup, and individual teaching. And they were found less concerned about the equity in achievement. Hence, it is necessary to organize workshops and training on professional development issues to implementation of equity provision; equity in access, equity in process as well as equity achievement in the science classroom.
Patterns of Disease Presentations in an Adult Outpatient Neurology Clinic of a Neurologist
Authors: Gajurel Bikram Prasad , Karn Ragesh , Rajbhandari Reema , Ojha Rajeev 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Neurological disorders are very common all over the world. The most common neurological disorders causing maximum disability in Nepal are migraine and tetanus whereas the most common neurological causes of death are ischemic strokes and primary intracerebral hemorrhage. This small-scale study has been carried out to find out the frequency and types of disorders presenting in adult outpatient neurology clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study carried out in the outpatient department of the department of neurology at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. The diseases were classified based on the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to calculate the significance of the different types of variables when applicable.
Results: Of 1939 patients seen over a period of 12 months, diseases of the musculoskeletal system were the commonest (28.7%) followed by headache disorders (18.4%). Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, ischemic stroke, primary intracerebral hemorrhage, movement disorders, diseases of the inner ear were more common in patients more than 50 years and headache disorders; mental, behavioral or neurodevelopmental disorders; seizures and multiple sclerosis or other white matter disorders were more common patients aged 50 years or less. These differences were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Almost all types of neurological disorders were seen in the adult outpatient neurology clinic providing the opportunity to carry out research and to uplift academic activities in a tertiary care hospital.
Evaluation of Tear Secretion and Tear Film Stability in Patients with Pterygium and Normal Individuals
Authors: Mishra Surendra , Bista Bipin , Basnet Prawjal , Chaudhary Preety , Chaudhary Sushma , Gupta Sharad , Bista Padam Raj 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Abnormalities of any of the components of lacrimal function unit can lead to dysfunctional tear film and development of dry eye. Dry eye is a commonly encountered problem in general population.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted at National Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepal from 1st August 2018 to 30th July 2019. A total of 279 participants: 93 cases of pterygium (Group A: case) and186 (Group B: control) normal individuals with no ocular surface disorder were enrolled. Objective analysis was done by Schirmer’s (SCH) without and with anesthesia and Tear Break up Time (TBUT). Dependent t test was used to analyze the data. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.82 ±11.09 years (range 26-71) with male being 48 (51.6%) in Group A and in Group B, 101 (54.3%) were male with mean age being 42.16 ±13.13 years (range 32-75). The mean SCH without and with anesthesia and TBUT values were 16.94±5.61mm, 13.81±5.06mm, 10.14± 4.06 sec in Group A whereas in Group B, 20.39 ±6.08mm, 16.74 ±5.25mm and 13.05 ±4.32 sec respectively which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Patients with pterygium had higher risk of having dry eye than normal individuals (Odd ratios: 2.69, 2.44 and 2.27 respectively).
Conclusion: Pterygium is a common ocular surface disorder which could result in instability of tear film indices, dysfunctional tear film and thus dry eye.
The Revival of Structuralism: The Periodic Table of Mental Science
Authors: Dolsenhe Orogee 
Published: August 2022

Physical science solved an age-old problem in the 19th century: what makes elements similar or dissimilar? Mendeleev generally is given credit for the discovery of the underlying structure of chemical elements, known as the periodic table. Like chemicals, qualia seem to share different relationships within a modality and between modalities. Wundt’s structuralism represents an early effort to build the structure of mind through data obtained by introspection. Unfortunately, as have many other subjects, structuralism has been victimized by behaviorism’s domination. And the cognitive revolution did not completely eliminate the unfavorable status of consciousness, thus hampering the revival of structuralism unlike many other topics in psychology. With the subject of consciousness having been just about fully sanctioned by science beginning in the early 1990s, the time has come to build the periodic table of mental science by uncovering the hidden patterns of qualia. This paper proposes four different scales of intrinsic patterns: the notion of bipolar dimension, the three complementaries, the principle of square of opposition, and the double-cone system. They are able to accommodate 15 different modalities in a systematic and unified way: chromatic, acoustic, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, exteroceptive motion, exteroceptive orientative, exteroceptive locus, proprioceptive motion, proprioceptive orientative, proprioceptive locus, magnitude, emotive, hedonistic, and predicative.
The Supernatural after the Neuro-Turn edited by Pieter F. Craffert, John R. Baker, Michael J. Winkelman
Authors: Mayer Gerhard A. 
Published: August 2022

In the book chapter "Neurocognitive processes and supernatural beliefs," Andrew Newberg and David Yaden describe a basic cognitive process they call the "binary process." According to their model, this should contribute to the development of supernatural beliefs in addition to other processes. They understand this to be a general structuring process that organizes objects and abstract ideas into into dyads; that is, into relations of two, e.g., good and bad, happy and sad, natural and supernatural, right and wrong. The latter dyad points precisely to a problem I have with large parts of the book. The texts of the authors involved—all of whom are men—are almost universally characterized by such a binary thought structure. One of the editors, Pieter Craffert, a neuroanthropologist who teaches in South Africa, puts it succinctly in Chapter, “The supernatural: A range of neurocultural phenomena,” when he writes:
If transcendental theorists are correct, there is not only a whole range of entities and phenomena with powerful influences on the world that beg explanation, but the scientific enterprise as we know it needs radical transformation. If non-transcendental theorists are correct, their theories pose a challenge to nearly all religions as well as local and cultural explanations of the phenomena. (p. 24)
All authors of the book represent non-transcendental positions and attribute the category of the supernatural to “this-worldly” causes. It is not clear to me whether Craffert is aware that he leaves the area of scientific argumentation with the statement quoted above. With this escalation, there is only an either-or: Either they or we are right. It does not seem to occur to the authors that many of the non-transcendental explanations for supernatural interpretations of events and the arising of corresponding beliefs may be plausible and, in many cases, sufficient, but still do not capture the full picture. At least a more modest and reflective attitude that allows for this possibility is not reflected in the texts—with few exceptions.
Reply to Bauer
Authors: Bobrow Robert 
Published: August 2022

“I don’t care if it’s horse piss. It works!”

President John F. Kennedy

I don’t know whom or what Dr. Bauer consults for his own medical care, but most of us rely on well-intentioned individuals, doing the best they can, with the tools they have on hand. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which can identify viruses and bacteria by their DNA or RNA within a few hours using a multiplication (amplification) technique, is such a tool. Identifying bacteria by culture takes several days, and viruses, which require living cells to reproduce, are difficult to culture at all. We use PCR to diagnose respiratory viruses such as influenza and Covid, as well as herpes viruses, bacteria that cause meningitis, sexually transmitted diseases, hepatitis B and C, and HIV. In the case of hepatitis and HIV, we measure “viral loads”—a quantification of virus particles using PCR. We can watch viral loads rise or fall as people become infected and then respond to treatment. This always correlates clinically: On becoming infected with HIV, the viral load rises rapidly coincident with flu or mononucleosis-like symptoms in at least 40% of people. The load reaches a peak at 6 months and plateaus (this is called the viral set point, and varies with individuals). HIV’s target, the CD4 immunoactive cell, starts to decrease in number as soon as infection begins, and continues to decline as long as the viral loads are high. The higher the viral set point, the faster the decline. It may take 8–10 years until the CD4 count is low enough to cause symptoms, and then people become quite ill. Before antiviral therapy, more than 90% died. When I did hospital rotations in the late 1980s, an adult medical service of 12–15 patients always included at least one dying of AIDS, and usually younger than myself.
Karotis endarterektomide dacron yama ve primer kapatma yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÖNTAŞ Hakan , SERHATLIOĞLU Faruk , GÖZÜAÇIK RÜZGAR Asiye Aslı , ACAR Altay Nihat 
Published: August 2022

Background: In carotid artery atherosclerotic disease; indications for intervention are accepted to be over 75% stenosis for asymptomatic patients and over 50% for symptomatic patients. Preferred surgical treatment is carotid endarterectomy. In this study, we compared clinical outcomes and ultrasonographic findings in two different surgical techniques of arteriotomy closure. First technique consisted of primary suturing and second is patch angioplasty with dacron patch. In 6 month follow up period clinical examinations and dupplex ultrasonography were performed and analysed statistically.
Methods: 60 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery disease between January 2017 and December 2020 were enrolled in the study. Data was obtained from hospital database and evaluated statistically. 30 arteriotomy incisions were closed primarily and 30 with dacron patch angioplasty. As surgical indication 50% stenosis in symptomatic patients and 70% stenosis in asymptomatic were determined. Postoperative complications were evaluated. After discharge one-week, two-month, six-month clinical examitanions were performed and in six-month follow up dupplex ultrasonography was performed by an independent radiology specialist, and these results were compared statistically.
Results: When the patients were evaluated in terms of postoperative complications, clinical follow-up after discharge, and 6-month Doppler ultrasonography, no significant differences were detected.
Conclusion: No statistically significant difference was found among techniques primary suturing and dacron patch angioplasty for stroke, occlusion and re-stenosis rates. According to short term results both techniques may be feasible for arteriotomy closure during carotid endarterectomy.
Narrar o cotidiano escolar: espaço vivido e currículos praticados
Authors: Correia Silvia Letícia Costa Pereira , Bomfim Natanael Reis 
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender como são produzidos os currículos no cotidiano escolar, a partir do conteúdo das representações sociais do espaço vivido, construídas por alunos do 5º ano de escolarização, de uma escola da rede municipal de ensino de Salvador/BA. Para tanto, utilizamos aportes teórico-metodológicos capazes de articular os conceitos de práticas cotidianas, espaço vivido e currículo. Os resultados apontam para contribuições, pedagógicas, epistemológicas e políticas, ao destacar as vicissitudes do processo educativo e a possibilidade de promoção e aperfeiçoamento das práticas pedagógicas de professores do ensino fundamental I.
Pesquisa (Auto)biográfica em educação na Europa e América
Authors: Delory-Momberger Christine , Alheit Peter , Johnson-Mardones Daniel 
Published: August 2022

Não há dúvida de que a pesquisa biográfica se tornou cada vez mais importante em todo o mundo, nas ciências educacionais e sociais, nos últimos 50 anos, e que os padrões metodológicos e teóricos deste campo de pesquisa foram consideravelmente consolidados. Não obstante, permanecem os preconceitos culturais sobre as abordagens particulares. Essas culturas de pesquisa com certa influência internacional – como a pesquisa (auto)biográfica de língua alemã, francesa e inglesa – que, em sua maioria, remontam a uma longa tradição de pesquisa, mantiveram seu próprio perfil. E mesmo que as atividades de pesquisa cooperativa tenham se intensificado internacionalmente – como na pesquisa biográfica comparativa centrada no estudante, a longo prazo, entre o Reino Unido, Alemanha, Suécia, Espanha, Polônia e Irlanda, ou a pesquisa de migração centrada na biografia entre Alemanha, Itália, França e na Grécia – os perfis de pesquisa “clássicos” das três culturas de pesquisa mais influentes permanecem em vigor por algum tempo. O dossiê sobre Pesquisa (auto)biográfica em Educação na Europa e América [(Auto)biographical Research in Education in Europe and America], que ora apresentamos, tem como objetivo fornecer uma primeira visão geral dos discursos “clássicos”, mas também recentes,neste campo de pesquisa. O dossiê começa com as três tradições acadêmicas mais influentes: uma breve história da pesquisa biográfica em países de língua alemã, que passou por processos notáveis de transformação, nos últimos três séculos; uma visão histórica da tradição (auto)biográfica inglesa e uma introdução muito particular à maneira francesa de entender e interpretar o conceito de biografia.
O campo da pesquisa biográfica na Grécia: desenvolvimento histórico e perspectiva atual
Authors: Tsiolis Giorgos 
Published: August 2022

O campo da pesquisa biográfica não se originou nas ciências sociais gregas, no início da década de 1990. As primeiras investigações que utilizaram histórias de vida e narrativas biográficas tiveram uma postura crítica sobre o padrão positivista prevalente na pesquisa social quantitativa e procuraram enfatizar a perspectiva de grupos sociais que foram excluídos do discurso das ciências sociais tradicionais. No entanto, esta pesquisa foi muitas vezes caracterizada por espontaneidade metodológica e ausência de métodos sistemáticos de produção e interpretação de narrativas biográficas. Nos últimos 15 anos, o interesse pela pesquisa biográfica na Grécia aumentou. Inúmeras pesquisas foram realizadas com fundamentos metodológicos e teóricos, e muitos textos foram publicados com conteúdo epistêmico-metodológico. Ao mesmo tempo, grupos de história oral surgiram em muitas cidades gregas, tentando iluminar aspectos da história local “de baixo” através da coleta e análise de histórias de vida. A cooperação internacional no campo da educação e da pesquisa levou ao estabelecimento de uma corrente de pesquisa biográfica reconstrutiva na Grécia, que é fortemente influenciada pela discussão em língua alemã.