bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Vasculitides: An Observational Study Using Data From the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database
Authors: Kato Koki , Mizuno Tomohiro , Koseki Takenao , Ito Yoshimasa , Takahashi Kazuo , Tsuboi Naotake , Yamada Shigeki 
Published: March 2022

Information on immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced vasculitides is limited, and predictors for this condition have not been identified. Therefore, we have examined the frequency of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced vasculitides by analyzing the data recorded in the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. Data from April 2004 to March 2020 were extracted, and vasculitides as an immune-related adverse event was defined according to the 2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides. Adverse event signals were recognized as significant when the reporting odds ratio estimates and lower limits of the corresponding 95% confidence intervals exceeded 1. The use of nivolumab showed a significant signal for vasculitides. Furthermore, significant signals of polymyalgia rheumatica were found when the patients were treated with nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and ipilimumab. In addition, the frequencies of nivolumab- and pembrolizumab-induced polymyalgia rheumatica were higher in patients aged ≥70 years and female patients, respectively. Polymyalgia rheumatica was reported in 38 patients treated with nivolumab; 31 (82%) of these were either in recovery or in remission. Further, polymyalgia rheumatica was reported in 17 patients treated with pembrolizumab; 13 (76%) of these were in recovery or remission, while three (18%) were not. Polymyalgia rheumatica was reported in 12 patients treated with ipilimumab; seven (58%) of these were in recovery or remission. Our study highlights that careful monitoring for the symptom of PMR (e.g., bilateral pain in shoulder and pelvic girdles) is required when the patients are aged &gt;70 years and have been treated with nivolumab and when the patients are women and have been treated with pembrolizumab.
A Population-Based Study of Social Demographic Factors, Associated Diseases and Recurrent Corneal Erosion in Taiwan
Authors: Jan Ren-Long , Ho Chung-Han , Wang Jhi-Joung , Tseng Sung-Huei , Chang Yuh-Shin 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo investigate the association of recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) with sociodemographic factors and associated ocular conditions or systemic diseases.MethodsThis nationwide, population-based, retrospective, matched case-controlled study included 98,895 RCE patients, identified by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code 371.42, were selected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The age-, sex-, and index date- matched control group included 98,895 non-RCE control group also selected from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. Sociodemographic factors and associated ocular conditions or systemic diseases were examined using univariate logistic regression analyses, and continuous variables were analyzed using paired t-test. The odds ratio (OR) of developing RCE were compared using adjusted logistic regression analysis.ResultsPatients with ocular conditions including corneal abrasion, ocular allergic conditions, and corneal dystrophy were more likely to have RCE than the control group (adjusted OR = 63.56, 95% CI = 42.06–96.06, p &lt; 0.0001; adjusted OR = 24.27, 95% CI = 20.51–28.72, p &lt; 0.0001; adjusted OR = 17.10, 95% CI = 5.14–59.93, p &lt; 0.0001, respectively). Patients with systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, and atopy trait have significantly higher ORs for RCE development. Patients residing in either Northern Taiwan or a metropolis city had higher odds of developing RCE; however, there were no significant differences in income or occupation on the probability to develop RCE.ConclusionRCE is strongly associated with corneal abrasion, ocular allergic conditions, corneal dystrophy, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, and atopy trait.
Why Do Patients Seek Diagnose Dis-accordance With Hierarchical Medical System Related Policies in Tertiary Hospitals? A Qualitative Study in Shanghai From the Perspective of Physicians
Authors: Ruan Yuhui , Luo Jin , Lin Hong 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAlthough the Hierarchical Medical System has been utilized in China for many years, it is inadequate for guiding patients in adopting appropriate diagnose-seeking behaviors in accordance with related policies. This study examined how patients' diagnose-seeking behavior in tertiary hospitals that is dis-accordance with Hierarchical Medical System related policy (“DSB-dis-accordance”) arise and ways to guide patients away from such behaviors, both from the perspective of physicians.MethodsA qualitative study based on a mixed method including in-depth interviews and grounded theory. Twenty-seven physicians with more than 2 years of experience serving in tertiary hospitals of Shanghai were involved after reviewing the related purposes and requirements. Patients' “DSB-dis-accordance” was studied from the perspective of physicians.ResultsPatient-related factors (habits, trust, and knowledge), physician-related factors (conservative preference, risk avoidance), and system-related factors (accessibility, operability) affected patients' diagnose-seeking behavior.ConclusionsPatient-related, physician-related, and system-related factors affecting patients' diagnose-seeking behaviors in tertiary hospitals should be addressed by investing more health resources in lower-level hospitals, enhancing dissemination of health-related and policy-related knowledge, refining the classification of diseases, incentivizing physicians, and developing appropriate follow-up measures. Physicians could then become more involved in guiding patients' “DSB-dis-accordance,” thereby benefitting development of the Hierarchical Medical System in China.
Deep Fungal Infections Among General Hospital Inpatients in Southwestern China: A 5-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Wen Shu-Ran , Yang Zheng-Hui , Dong Tian-Xiang , Li Yu-Ye , Cao Ying-Kui , Kuang Yi-Qun , Li Hong-Bin 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundDeep fungal infection is a type of life-threatening opportunistic infection. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years. This infection can affect the prognosis of patients, prolong hospital stays and raise costs for patients and their families.ObjectiveWe aimed to understand the current situation of deep fungal infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of deep fungal infections.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 528,743 cases in the hospital from 2015 to 2019, including the epidemiological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of deep fungal infections.ResultsA total of 274 cases (0.05%) with deep fungal infections were identified, accounting for 0.05% of the total number of hospitalizations. The incidence of deep fungal infections in the hospital showed an increasing trend from 2015 to 2019. The most commonly infected site was the respiratory tract (93.07%). Among patients with deep fungal infections, 266 specimens were positive for fungal culture, by which 161 cultured Candida albicans (C. albicans), accounting for 60.53%, the main pathogen causing deep fungal infection. From 2015 to 2019, the percentage of C. albicans cases showed a downward trend, while that of non-C. albicans showed an opposite trend. Antibiotics were the most common predisposing factor for deep fungal infections (97.45%). Among the underlying diseases of patients with deep fungal infections, infectious diseases (59.49%) were the most common. Those with underlying diseases such as renal insufficiency and neurological diseases had a worse prognosis. Indwelling catheters, nervous system disease and tumors were risk factors for a poor prognosis.ConclusionsWe report for the first time the epidemiological data of deep fungal infections in a general hospital in southwestern China from 2015 to 2019. In the past 5 years, the number of patients with deep fungal infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University has been increasing. Although the clinical data are limited, these results can provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of deep fungal infections.
Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of PVP and PKP Combined With Triple Medication on Mild and Moderate Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture in the Elderly
Authors: Zhou Yi , Jiang Jiang , Gu Fulong , Mi Daguo 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo compare and analyze the therapeutic effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) combined with triple therapy on elderly patients with mild to moderate osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).MethodsA total of 114 cases of elderly patients with mild to moderate osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were identified as research subjects in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018, and a total of 136 vertebrae were included. The patients who underwent PVP operation were included as the control group with 67 injured vertebrae, and the patients who underwent PKP operation were included as the experimental group with 69 injured vertebrae.ResultsThe operation time and bone cement injection volume of the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group. The visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the two groups at 3 months and 6 months after operation were lower than those before operation, with lower VAS scores observed in the experimental group at 3 months and 6 months after operation. The anterior height of the vertebral body in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. The experimental group outperformed the control group in the incidence of postoperative complications. The postoperative Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) scores of the two groups were lower before the operation, in which the experimental group had lower scores than the control group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionPVP and PKP combined with postoperative triple therapy can achieve a promising analgesic effect. PKP has a higher volume of bone cement injection volume, and a lower incidence of complications, which gives rise to a better vertebral body recovery height than that of PVP, with rapid postoperative body function recovery and good quality of life.
Suitable Electrode Choice for Robotic-Assisted Cochlear Implant Surgery: A Systematic Literature Review of Manual Electrode Insertion Adverse Events
Authors: Van de Heyning Paul , Roland Peter , Lassaletta Luis , Agrawal Sumit , Atlas Marcus , Baumgartner Wolf-Dieter , Brown Kevin , Caversaccio Marco , Dazert Stefan , Gstoettner Wolfgang , Hagen Rudolf , Hagr Abdulrahman , Jablonski Greg Eigner , Kameswaran Mohan , Kuzovkov Vladislav , Leinung Martin , Li Yongxin , Loth Andreas , Magele Astrid , Mlynski Robert , Mueller Joachim , Parnes Lorne , Radeloff Andreas , Raine Chris , Rajan Gunesh , Schmutzhard Joachim , Skarzynski Henryk , Skarzynski Piotr H. , Sprinzl Georg , Staecker Hinrich , Stöver Timo , Tavora-Viera Dayse , Topsakal Vedat , Usami Shin-Ichi , Van Rompaey Vincent , Weiss Nora M. , Wimmer Wilhelm , Zernotti Mario , Gavilan Javier 
Published: March 2022

Background and ObjectiveThe cochlear implant (CI) electrode insertion process is a key step in CI surgery. One of the aims of advances in robotic-assisted CI surgery (RACIS) is to realize better cochlear structure preservation and to precisely control insertion. The aim of this literature review is to gain insight into electrode selection for RACIS by acquiring a thorough knowledge of electrode insertion and related complications from classic CI surgery involving a manual electrode insertion process.MethodsA systematic electronic search of the literature was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science to find relevant literature on electrode tip fold over (ETFO), electrode scalar deviation (ESD), and electrode migration (EM) from both pre-shaped and straight electrode types.ResultsA total of 82 studies that include 8,603 ears implanted with a CI, i.e., pre-shaped (4,869) and straight electrodes (3,734), were evaluated. The rate of ETFO (25 studies, 2,335 ears), ESD (39 studies, 3,073 ears), and EM (18 studies, 3,195 ears) was determined. An incidence rate (±95% CI) of 5.38% (4.4–6.6%) of ETFO, 28.6% (26.6–30.6%) of ESD, and 0.53% (0.2–1.1%) of EM is associated with pre-shaped electrodes, whereas with straight electrodes it was 0.51% (0.1–1.3%), 11% (9.2–13.0%), and 3.2% (2.5–3.95%), respectively. The differences between the pre-shaped and straight electrode types are highly significant (p &lt; 0.001). Laboratory experiments show evidence that robotic insertions of electrodes are less traumatic than manual insertions. The influence of round window (RW) vs. cochleostomy (Coch) was not assessed.ConclusionConsidering the current electrode designs available and the reported incidence of insertion complications, the use of straight electrodes in RACIS and conventional CI surgery (and manual insertion) appears to be less traumatic to intracochlear structures compared with pre-shaped electrodes. However, EM of straight electrodes should be anticipated. RACIS has the potential to reduce these complications.
Long-term results of cardiac contractility modulation in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Amiraslanov A. Yu. , Vaskovskiy V. A. , Artyukhina E. A. , Revishvili A. Sh. 
Published: March 2022

Aim. Evaluate the overall effectiveness of cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) therapy in patients with chronic heart failure of various etiology.Methods. The study included 61 patients with chronic heart failure (NYHA class II-III), ejection fraction 20-40% and narrow QRS <130 ms, who were implanted the CCM devices. Depending on the etiology of heart failure, ischemic cardiomyopathy prevailed (41 patients). All patients were performed echocardiography, 6-min walk test and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MHFLQ). Results. The observation period was 25 months. All 54 patients significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction from 32.2% to 37.6% (р=0.026) and volume parameters (left ventricle end systolic volume from 150 to 137 ml (р=0.034), left ventricle end diastolic volume from 220 to 201 ml (р=0.044), reduced the heart failure NYHA class >1 in 29 (53.7%) patients (р=0.015), increased 6-min walk test from 265 to 343 m (р=0.029), and the MHFLQ improved from 46.1 to 35.8 (р=0.042). Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy was associated with significant improvement in MHFLQ (from 42.7 to 30.3, р=0.029) and lowering the heart failure NYHA class>1 (83.3%, vs 47.2%, p=0.012) compared to ischemic group. Conclusion. CCM is safe and effective in patients with chronic heart failure NYHA class II-III, ejection fraction 20- 40% and narrow QRS˂130 ms, who were implanted the CCM devices. Depending on the etiology of heart failure, ischemic cardiomyopathy prevailed (41 patients). All patients were performed echocardiography, 6-min walk test and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MHFLQ).Results. The observation period was 25 months. All 54 patients significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction from 32.2% to 37.6% (р=0.026) and volume parameters (left ventricle end systolic volume from 150 to 137 ml (р=0.034), left ventricle end diastolic volume from 220 to 201 ml (р=0.044), reduced the heart failure NYHA class >1 in 29 (53.7%) patients (р=0.015), increased 6-min walk test from 265 to 343 m (р=0.029), and the MHFLQ improved from 46.1 to 35.8 (р=0.042). Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy was associated with significant improvement in MHFLQ (from 42.7 to 30.3, р=0.029) and lowering the heart failure NYHA class>1 (83.3%, vs 47.2%, p=0.012) compared to ischemic group.Conclusion. CCM is safe and effective in patients with chronic heart failure NYHA class II-III, ejection fraction 20- 40% and narrow QRS˂130 ms. Non-ischemic etiology of cardiomyopathy was associated with significant improvement in MHFLQ and lowering the heart failure class.
Permanent pacing in children: results of follow-up, assessment of complications
Authors: Dzhaffarova O. Yu. , Svintsova L. I. , Plotnikova I. V. , Dambaev B. N. , Kartofeleva E. O. 
Published: March 2022

Aim. To present the experience and assess the complications of permanent pacing in children with bradyarrhythmias based on long-term follow-up.Methods. Data of 145 children with structurally normal heart with implanted pacemakers at the age from 1 month to 18 years were retrospectively assessed. The follow-up was from 1999 to 2020 years. Epicardial pacemaker was implanted in 71 children, endocardial - in 74. The mean age of the primary implantation was 8.67±5.2 years.Results. The following complications were disclosed: hemodynamic complications (heart chamber enlargement in dynamics and/or development of dyssynchrony, the appearance and increase in the regurgitation degree on the atrioventricular valves), bacterial endocarditis, hemopericardium, subclavian vein occlusion, pericarditis, infection of the pacemaker and its pocket, leads dislocation and fracture. With epicardial pacing various complications were detected in 24 (33.8%) examined patients, with endocardial - in 37 (50%). Hemodynamic complications with epicardial permanent pacing are associated with intraventricular dyssynchrony due to implantation of a ventricular lead on the lateral wall or the right ventricular outflow tract. Hemodynamic complications were not recorded in patients that performed the implantation of an epicardial lead at the left ventricular (LV) apex.Conclusion. Children with pacemakers require careful follow-up. The most rational is the use of a primary epicardial pacemaker system with lead implantation on the apex of the LV. Such approach allows the veins to be preserved for endocardial stimulation at an older age, and to prevent hemodynamic complications. Neither epicardial nor endocardial pacemaker implantation guarantee the absence of complications. However, compliance with the above conditions will allow achieving high efficiency and safety of cardiac stimulation in children.
Study of drought resistance of clonal apple rootstocks in the Piedmont zone of Crimea
Authors: Сотник А.И. , Чакалов Т.С. 
Published: March 2022

В настоящее время сельское хозяйство Крыма и отрасль садоводства в частности переживают сложный период, когда подавляющее большинство ранее поливных садов не орошаются или орошаются в недостаточной степени. В связи с этим целью работы является определение засухоустойчивости перспективных форм клоновых подвоев яблони, приспособленных к местным почвенно-климатическим условиям, способных противостоять длительному обезвоживанию, сохраняя при этом достаточно высокий уровень продуктивности. Исследования проводили в полевых и лабораторных условиях отделения «Крымская опытная станция садоводства» ФГБУН «НБС - ННЦ». Почвы опытных участков - чернозём южный, карбонатный. Обеспеченность подвижными формами азота (1,5 - 1,9 мг) и фосфора - средняя (2,8 - 6,5 мг на 100 г абсолютно сухой почвы), обменным калием - высокая (44 - 58 мг). Объектами изучения являются клоновые подвои: К 105, К 108, К 109, К 110, К 120 и К 121 селекции Крымской опытной станции садоводства в сравнении с EM-IX и ММ - 106 (к). Схема посадки в маточнике 1,5 х 0,2 м - 2006 года посадки. На основании проведенных в типичных условиях Предгорной зоны Крыма исследований параметров водного режима, выделены лучшие засухоустойчивые формы (по 10-бальной шкале) - К 109 - 8,8, К 120 - 8,8 и К 121 - 8,4 балла засухоустойчивости.
Currently, the agriculture of Crimea and the horticultural industry in particular are experiencing a difficult period, when the vast majority of previously irrigated gardens are not irrigated or irrigated insufficiently. In this regard, the aim of the work is to determine the drought resistance of promising forms of clonal apple rootstocks adapted to local soil and climatic conditions, capable to withstand prolonged dehydration, while maintaining a sufficiently high level of productivity. The study was carried out in the field and laboratory conditions of the branch Crimean Experimental Horticulture Station of FSBSI NBG - NSC. The soils of experimental plots are southern, carbonated chernozemic. The availability of mobile forms of nitrogen (1.5-1.9 mg) and phosphorus (2.8 - 6.5 mg per 100 g of dry soil) is average, and exchangeable potassium - is high (44 - 58 mg). The objects of study are clonal rootstocks: К 105, К 108, К 109, К 110, К 120 and К 121 selected in the Crimean Experimental Horticulture Station in comparison with EM-IX and MM - 106 (c). Planting scheme in the nursery is 1.5 x 0.2 m, and the year of planting - 2006. Based on the studies of water regime parameters carried out in typical conditions of the Piedmont zone of Crimea, the best drought - resistant forms were identified (by a 10 - point scale) - K 109 - 8.8 , K 120 - 8.8 and K 121 - 8.4 points of drought resistance.
The effect of using gum arabic on the quality of different types of wines
Authors: Макаров А.С. , Шмигельская Н.А. , Максимовская В.А. 
Published: March 2022

Систематизированы литературные данные о влиянии защитного коллоида гуммиарабика на сроки стабильности различных типов вин (игристых, ликерных). Показано, что применение защитных коллоидов способствует увеличению сроков стабильности игристых и ликерных вин против кристаллических и коллоидных (обратимых и необратимых) помутнений. Уточнено, что в состав гуммиарабика входят полисахариды, построенные из арабинозы, галактозы, рамнозы, галактуроновой и глюкуроновой кислот. Сделан вывод о том, что роль защитных коллоидов выполняют кислые полисахариды, содержащиеся в гуммиарабике. Показано, что при обработке виноматериалов для игристых вин защитным коллоидом коэффициент сопротивления виноматериала выделению диоксида углерода повышается на 20 %, скорость разрушения пены снижается на 14%, максимальный объем пены увеличивается на 7 %, что способствует улучшению пенистых и игристых свойств готовой продукции. Установлено, что при добавлении 500 мг/дм гуммиарабика в игристое вино его пенистые и игристые свойства повышаются в среднем на 40%. Применение гуммиарабика способствует повышению сроков стабильности игристых и крепленых вин против кристаллических и коллоидных помутнений.
Literature data about the effect of protective colloid of gum arabic on the terms of stability of various types of wines (sparkling, liqueur) were systematized. It was shown that using of protective colloids contributed to an increase in the stability of sparkling and liqueur wines against crystalline and colloidal (reversible and irreversible) haze. It was also clarified that gum arabic contained polysaccharides developed from arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, galacturonic and glucuronic acids. It was concluded that the role of protective colloids was played by acidic polysaccharides contained in gum arabic. It is shown that when base wines for sparklings are treated with a protective colloid, the coefficient of base wine resistance to the release of carbon dioxide increases by 20%, the rate of foam break decreases by 14%, the maximum volume of foam increases by 7%, which contributes to the improvement of foamy and sparkling properties of the finished product. It is established that adding 500 mg/dm of gum arabic to sparkling wine increases its foamy and sparkling properties by an average of 40%. The use of gum arabic contributes to an increase in stability of sparkling and fortified wines against crystalline and colloidal haze.