bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose-response relationship of in vivo ambulatory load and mechanosensitive cartilage biomarkers—The role of age, tissue health and inflammation: A study protocol
Authors: Herger Simon , Vach Werner , Nüesch Corina , Liphardt Anna-Maria , Egloff Christian , Mündermann Annegret 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo describe a study protocol for investigating the in vivo dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and mechanosensitive blood markers of articular cartilage, the influence of age, cartilage tissue health and presence of inflammation on this relationship, and its ability to predict changes in articular cartilage quality and morphology within 2 years.DesignProspective experimental multimodal (clinical, biomechanical, biological) data collection under walking stress and three different load conditions varied in a randomized crossover design.Experimental protocolAt baseline, equal numbers of healthy and anterior cruciate ligament injured participants aged 20–30 or 40–60 years will be assessed clinically and complete questionnaires regarding their knee health. Biomechanical parameters (joint kinetics, joint kinematics, and surface electromyography) will be recorded while performing different tasks including overground and treadmill walking, single leg balance and hopping tasks. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) of both of knees will be obtained. On separate stress test days, participants will perform a 30-minute walking stress with either reduced (80% body weight (BW)), normal (100%BW) or increased (120%BW) load. Serum blood samples will be taken immediately before, immediately after, 30, 120 and 210 minutes after the walking stress. Concentration of articular cartilage blood biomarkers will be assessed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. At 24-month follow-up, participants will be again assessed clinically, undergo an MRI, complete questionnaires, and have a blood sample taken.ConclusionThe study design provides a standardized set up that allows to better understand the influence of ambulatory load on articular cartilage biomarkers and thereby extend current knowledge on in vivo cartilage metabolism and mechanosensitivity. Further, this study will help to elucidate the prognostic value of the load-induced cartilage biomarker response for early articular cartilage degeneration.Trial registrationThe protocol was approved by the regional ethics committee and has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04128566).
Does previous circumcision and wealth index influence women’s attitude to discontinue the practice of female genital mutilation and cutting (FGM/C) in Ethiopia?
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Seid Abdu , Seid Seada , Yimer Ali 
Published: August 2022

Introduction
understanding women’s attitudes towards female genital mutilation is an important step towards eliminating this practice. We used the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data set to examine the relationship between wealth index, and previous history of circumcision on women’s opinions whether female genital mutilation (FGM) should be continued or stopped in Ethiopia.

Methods
Data from 6984 women aged 15–49 years were extracted from the 2016 Ethiopia EDHS data set. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyse the data.

Result
In this study, women with a higher level of education and wealth index were more likely to support the cessation of FGM. However, circumcised women (AOR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.15–0.32), women from the Afar region (AOR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.22–0.50), Somali region (AOR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.27–0.65), and Dire Dawa region (AOR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.32–0.83) were less likely to support discontinuation of FGM.

Conclusion
The present study revealed that wealth index, education level, history of circumcision, and regional variation are associated with women’s attitude towards discontinuation of the practice of FGM in Ethiopia. Empowering women in terms of socioeconomic status and education can change attitudes and might help prevent female genital mutilation in the future. Furthermore, interventions targeting FGM practices should focus on regional variance in order to have a meaningful impact on reducing this harmful cultural practice in Ethiopia.
The role of microbiota in immunotherapy outcomes in colorectal cancer patients: A protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Ajab Suad , Zoughbor Sumaya , Labania Lena , Olanda Marie , Östlundh Linda , Al Rasbi Zakeya 
Published: August 2022

In the human gut, there are many microbes, including bacteria, viruses and parasites. The imbalance in the numbers of each type of these microbes can translate into gastrointestinal disorders. Lately, different microbiota patterns have been associated with the levels of efficacy of immunotherapy in multiple cancer conditions. Studies have shown that patients with a more diverse gut microbiome respond better to immunotherapy than those with a homogeneous microbiome. This systematic review aims to identify and assess the available evidence on the efficacy of immunotherapy in treating colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and the effect of their microbiota on their treatment outcomes. The researchers will study the literature regarding CRC and immunotherapy outcomes to survey the different approaches employed to assess the treatment outcomes. A systematic search will be performed in five biomedical databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) in June-July, 2022. Also, open-access registers of clinical trials will be trawled. The search will be conducted without geographical or publication date restrictions; however, only papers published in the English language will be sought. Details regarding patients’ diets, lifestyles, and characteristics will be assessed. We will define the primary outcome to compare CRC patients’ immunotherapy responses with their gut microbiota composition. The systematic review methodology does not require ethics approval due to the nature of the study design. The systematic review results will be published in an open-access peer-reviewed journal.
PROSPERO ID: CRD42021277691.
Prevalence and barriers to male involvement in antenatal care in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A facility-based mixed-methods study
Authors: Mapunda Bosco , August Furaha , Mwakawanga Dorkas , Mhando Isaya , Mgaya Andrew 
Published: August 2022

Background
Men have traditionally not been fully involved in reproductive health care of their partners, and yet, they play a crucial role in family decision-making and therefore crucial key players in preventing poor pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to assess prevalence and determinants of male participation in maternal health care and explore male partners’ perspective of their involvement in antenatal care at an urban tertiary referral facility.

Methods
A mixed-methods study was conducted from October 2018 to January 2019 at Muhimbili National Hospital. A cross-sectional survey of 428 nursing mothers and two focus group discussions of male partners (n = 7 and n = 11) of women attending antenatal clinic and nursing mothers in the post-natal ward were performed. Using SPSS Ver. 23 (IBM, Chicago, IL), frequency distribution tables summarized demographic data and categories of male partners’ involvement in antenatal care. Focus group discussions included male partners of age from 24 to 55 years at their first to fifth experience of pregnancy and childbirth. Interviews were audio-recorded, and then transcribed and coded. Thematic analysis was applied.

Results
The prevalence of male involvement in antenatal care was 69%. More than two-thirds of nursing mothers received physical, psychological and financial support from partners (76%) and attended four or more antenatal visits (85%). Five themes of male perspective of their involvement in antenatal care were generated, including: a) cultural norms and gender roles, b) ignorance of reproductive health service, c) factors outside their control, d) couple interaction and conflicts, and e) institutional obstacles.

Conclusion
The prevalence of male partners’ involvement in antenatal care was relatively high. Men’s involvement in antenatal care depended on access to antenatal care education, standards of structure and process of antenatal service and how well their role was defined in the maternal health care system. Interactions and practice in society, employment sector and government health system should complement strategies to promote men’s involvement in maternal health.
Development and psychometric assessment of cutaneous leishmaniasis prevention behaviors questionnaire in adolescent female students: Application of integration of cultural model and extended parallel process model
Authors: Alidosti Masoumeh , Shahnazi Hossein , Heidari Zahra , Zamani-Alavijeh Fereshteh 
Published: August 2022

Background
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is an important public health issue in at least 83 countries, including Iran. Individuals’ behavior modification is believed to be one of the best ways for CL prevention. However, no comprehensive questionnaires have been psychoanalyzed for identification of CL prevention behaviors and its numerous associated factors, as well as the impact of educational messages. Thus, the present study was conducted to develop and psychometrically assess CL prevention behaviors questionnaire in female students.

Methods
The present study was performed from October 2020 to May 2021 by developing a preliminary questionnaire based on integration of Cultural Model and Extended Parallel Process Model. The questionnaire was completed online by 460 adolescent female students living in endemic areas of Isfahan, Iran. Exploratory factor analysis was performed using SPSS 24 to ensure the construct validity. Internal reliability was assessed via Cronbach’s alpha and external reliability was determined using the test-retest method based on the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) index.

Results
The first version of the questionnaire contains 110 items, out of which 82 remained according to content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) criteria. Afterwards, 11 items were removed due to low factor load in the construct validity process using the factor analysis technique. Ultimately, a 71-items questionnaire was developed and 12 factors were extracted from it. According to Cronbach’s alpha index, the internal reliability for the questionnaire was 0.877 and the ICC index calculated the external reliability as 0.833.

Conclusions
Integration of a Cultural Model with individual model was used for the first time to measure the factors related to CL prevention behaviors in this questionnaire; owing to the strength of the factor structure and appropriate psychometric properties, the questionnaire is applicable in the evaluation process of educational interventions concerning CL prevention, especially in female students.
Flexible social perspective taking in higher education and the role of contextual cues
Authors: Wolgast Anett , Barnes-Holmes Yvonne 
Published: August 2022

Being able to coordinate the perspectives of oneself and others is likely to be helpful in educational contexts. For example, teachers need flexible social perspective taking to understand their own perspectives and those of their students. Evidence suggests that reading facilitates social perspective taking because it involves readers coordinating social perspectives. However, there is little evidence on actual flexible perspective taking in educational contexts. In the current research, we assumed that the presence of different spatial, temporal, and social cues with regard to (higher) educational contexts would affect flexible social perspective taking performances of prospective psychologists and teachers. Across two different studies, we employed relational frame theory and a within-subject design (n = 44 undergraduate students in Study 1 and n = 176 teacher education students in Study 2). We analyzed the data by Rasch-trees and general linear modeling. The results showed faster responding on flexible spatial and temporal social perspective taking tasks, involving a fictional college course in “English” rather than “statistics” (Study 1). In Study 2, the results suggested greater accuracy on flexible spatial and temporal social perspective taking tasks involving spatial rather than temporal relations (Study 2). The results shed some light on the integration of different approaches for research on understanding the relevance of flexible social perspective taking in educational contexts. Flexible spatial and temporal social perspective taking may be of benefit to both students in higher education and teachers in school education.
Confucius the untouchable: on the semiotics of historization
Authors: Yu Hongbing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present paper focuses on the semiotics of historization, that is, of “narration as history” and provides a meta-analysis of the semiotic modeling of Confucius as a case in point. I argue that the personage who has come to be known as Confucius has existed and can only exist, without exception, in multiple forms of sociocultural representation and interpretation that are natural results of distinct modeling processes. These forms compose the immediate realities of Confucius for us and the very foundation upon which any further discussions about Confucius, his disciples, and their thoughts and lives are even possible in the first place. This treatment reminds us of how easily we can fall victim to the objective illusion and the confusion of understanding and axiology that Mieke Bal has rightly cautioned against. Moreover, the paper is by no means intended to be a revisionist or nihilistic denial of the historicity of Confucius, but rather an attempt to underscore the central and fundamental role that modeling systems about historical figures play in historization as human sociocultural and cognitive practice. In this sense, the case of Confucius serves as an instance, a specimen, a sign, which is extensible to any other historical figures.
Narratives as cultural embedment
Authors: Larsen Svend Erik 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
All cultures produce stories; all humans are storytellers. Hence, by implication, narratives must serve a fundamental cultural and existential function in human life. This article suggests the term “cultural embedment” to characterize this function. This article points out that, for narratives to play the role as a tool for cultural embedment, the double structure of narratives always switches back and forth between an object level and a meta level. To capture this reduplication as a contextualized and historical dynamics, Clifford Geertz’s term “thick description” is introduced together with Jurij Lotman’s conception of culture as an interconnected primary and a secondary modeling system. After a short outline of six important approaches to narratives that have to be taken into account, the article proposes a thick description that characterizes narratives as tools for cultural embedment. A final analytical sketch of Chigozie Obioma’s novel An Orchestra of Minorities (2019) briefly demonstrates a non-formalistic approach to narratives as tools for cultural embedment in a dynamic interchange between several levels.
Narratorial frame–person duality: an analysis in general narratology
Authors: Zhao Yiheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There can be no narrative text without a narrator. Locating the source of narration is the starting point for an understanding of any narrative. There is no agreement among narratologists, nevertheless, on how the narrator could be located in a narrative text, in a so-called “third-person” fictional narrative, for instance, or in dramatic or cinematic narratives. The narrator should be ubiquitous in theory, yet is extremely elusive in practice. That is why there has hardly been any effort among scholars to offer a description of the general shape of the narrator. The present paper attempts to divide all narratives into a few categories in terms of narratorial transfiguration so as to reveal the narrator’s various shapes, from a fully individuated flesh-and-blood person to a fictionalized character, to an almost totally depersonalized frame. The narrator, however, consistently functions as the source of the narrative discourse, sliding in a frame–person scalar duality, but always integrating both. The narrator’s duality provides the key to a general narratology.
Metonymy as a semiotic resource in fictional narrative
Authors: Feng Zongxin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article argues that metonymy provides “cognitive roundabouts” that semiotically create more meaning in fictional narrative against the popular views that metonymy provides “referential shorthand” and “communicative shortcuts.” In the light of Lakoff and Johnson’s observation on the relationship between symbolic metonymy and the comprehension of religious and cultural concepts, it explores the semiotic potentialities of metonymy in constructing fictional reality with special reference to O. Henry’s short story “The Cop and the Anthem.” It concludes that artistic deployment of metonymic devices comically exploits and explicitizes various conceptual associations and logical relations between the source and the target and requires greater cognitive effort from the reader; in defamiliarizing the fictional representation, the narrative text produces more symbolic meanings and ultimately refamiliarizes the reader with aspects of actual-world reality that are otherwise hardly perceivable.
Fabrication of green nanoinsecticides from agri-waste of corn silk and its larvicidal and antibiofilm properties
Authors: Sujitha Vasu , Murugan Kadarkarai , Panneerselvam Chellasamy , Aziz Al Thabiani , Alatawi Fuad A. , Trivedi Subrata , Mohammedsaleh Zuhair M. , Al-Aoh Hatem A. , Saleh Fayez M. , Bani-Atta Suhair A. , Bonacucina Giulia , Maggi Filippo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The corn silk (CS) is composed of the thread-like stigmas of female inflorescences of Zea mays L. and represents an important waste material from maize crop production that can be recycled in further applications. In this research, the CS was used for the bio-fabrication of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) that were evaluated against (I–V) larval instars and pupae of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti. CS-AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, EDAX, XRD, FTIR, DLS, and zeta potential analysis. Z. mays extract analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry reveals 14 compounds. The larvicidal effectiveness of CS-fabricated AgNPs was 2.35 μg·mL−1 (I Instar) to 6.24 μg·mL−1 (pupae). The field application in water storage reservoirs of both CS extracts and CS-AgNPs (10 × LC50) led to a 68–69% reduction in larval density after 72 h post-treatment. Ecotoxicological impact of CS-fabricated AgNPs was evaluated on the predatory efficacy of Poecilia reticulata on all the larval instars and pupae of Ae. aegypti. Finally, CS-AgNPs were tested to elucidate its anti-biofilm attributes. The CS-AgNPs at 125 μg·mL−1 showed a biofilm inhibition of 90% on S. aureus and 79% on S. epidermidis. These results support the use of CS-AgNPs for futuristic green alternative to mosquito vector management.
Effect of microstructural evolution during dry sliding on the corrosion behaviour of martensitic stainless steel
Authors: Gassner Andreas , Palkowski Heinz , Müller Claas , Wilde Jürgen , Mozaffari-Jovein Hadi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, the effects of cycle dependent wear on the consecutive corrosion behaviour of AISI 420 in 0.15 M NaCl solution were investigated to determine the influence of the tribological microstructure alteration on the electrochemical behaviour. The results revealed adhesion dominated wear at low cycle counts that led to the formation of a lamellar microstructure with delamination and enlarged Cr-depleted areas, resulting in a significant decline in pitting corrosion resistance. As the number of cycles increased, a transition of the wear mechanisms towards abrasion was observed. The progressive deformation allowed strong grain refinement and homogenization of the microstructure, which led to a significant increase in the pitting corrosion potential.
A Tripolar Model of Gas Price Formation in Germany. Does the Shale Revolution in the US Matter?
Authors: Moenke Anna , Welfe Aleksander 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Presented analysis of gas price formation mechanism in Germany was prompted by changes brought about by technological advancements and the liberalization and harmonization of natural gas markets in the European Union after the year 2000. Because the data used in the study is generated by nonstationary stochastic processes, the cointegrated vector autoregressive model was applied as the most appropriate. The analysis pointed out that the price of natural gas, oil and the USD/EUR exchange rate influence each other in the long run and thus should be modelled together. Gas price in Germany is driven by both fundamental and financial factors, and so it rises with economic expansion, oil price increases, and the depreciation of the USD. It also reacts to changes in short-term interest rates and the volume of gas production in the US, which confirms that the shale revolution in this country has been consequential for gas prices in Europe, like any other supply shock would have been.
Signe, science et jeux sportif : esquisse de sémiotricité triadique
Authors: Martínez-Santos Raúl , Nubiola Jaime 
Published: August 2022

Résumé
Depuis 1959, Pierre Parlebas tente de développer une éducation physique scientifique centrée sur la personne qui se meut et non plus sur le mouvement produit ou observé. La pierre angulaire de ce virage copernicien est un concept plein de résonances sémiologiques: la conduite motrice, entendue comme « organisation signifiante du comportement moteur ». En fait, sa proposition pédagogique est toujours allée de pair avec un projet épistémologique dont le noyau dur est une sémiologie de la motricité, c’est à dire une « semiotricité ». Si l’action motrice est le fer de lance de l’éducation physique la sémiotricité, c’est le fer de lance de la praxéologie motrice.
Cinquante ans après son démarrage, nous proposons revisiter les fondements de cette conception de l’éducation physique qui reste aujourd’hui révolutionnaire. La sémiologie de la motricité est née sous l’égide de la Sorbonne du milieu du XXe siècle. Les principes du sémiologie linguistique de Saussure inspirent les concepts et les modèles de « un champ du signe discordant » qui bénéficie également des contributions d’autres auteurs pertinents du moment. Cependant, à cette époque, le pragmatisme et la sémiotique américains étaient bien connus. Une question se pose aussitôt: à quoi ressemblerait une sémiotricité triadique? Les processus de communication praxique déclenchent phénomènes d’anticipation et préaction motrices basés en une continuelle interprétation des intentions d’autrui. Paradoxalement, autant ces phénomènes communicatifs que les signes propres des situations ludomotrices (les praxèmes et les gestèmes) peuvent être plus facilement conçus et analysés avec un modèle plus complexe, voire triadique, que nous aimerions partager avec sémioticiens et praxéologues.
Herstellung und Anwendung vollkeramischer Mikroschaftfräser
Authors: Mayer Tobias , Kieren-Ehses Sonja , Kirsch Benjamin , Aurich Jan C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBeim Mikrofräsen werden vielfach Mikroschaftfräser aus Ultrafeinstkornhartmetall eingesetzt. Technische Keramiken kommen mit ihren mechanischen und thermischen Eigenschaften als alternatives Werkzeugsubstrat in Frage, finden bisher jedoch noch nicht für Mikrofräser Anwendung. In diesem Beitrag wurden zur Erforschung der Einsatztauglichkeit und möglicher Vorteile vollkeramischer Mikrofräser Werkzeuge aus vier verschiedenen Keramiksubstraten durch Schleifen hergestellt und Mikrofräsversuche in Messing sowie Reintitan durchgeführt. Dabei wiesen die Mikrofräser aus Zirkonoxid (Y-TZP) die schärfsten Schneiden auf und erreichten die besten Ergebnisse in den Mikrofräsversuchen.