bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of machine learning to tumor growth inhibition modeling for hepatocellular carcinoma patients under Roblitinib (FGF401) drug treatment
Authors: Wilbaux Mélanie , Demanse David , Gu Yi , Jullion Astrid , Myers Andrea , Katsanou Vasiliki , Meille Christophe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMachine learning (ML) opens new perspectives in identifying predictive factors of efficacy among a large number of patients’ characteristics in oncology studies. The objective of this work was to combine ML with population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling of tumor growth inhibition to understand the sources of variability between patients and therefore improve model predictions to support drug development decisions. Data from 127 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma enrolled in a phase I/II study evaluating once‐daily oral doses of the fibroblast growth factor receptor FGFR4 kinase inhibitor, Roblitinib (FGF401), were used. Roblitinib PKs was best described by a two‐compartment model with a delayed zero‐order absorption and linear elimination. Clinical efficacy using the longitudinal sum of the longest lesion diameter data was described with a population PK/PD model of tumor growth inhibition including resistance to treatment. ML, applying elastic net modeling of time to progression data, was associated with cross‐validation, and allowed to derive a composite predictive risk score from a set of 75 patients’ baseline characteristics. The two approaches were combined by testing the inclusion of the continuous risk score as a covariate on PD model parameters. The score was found as a significant covariate on the resistance parameter and resulted in 19% reduction of its variability, and 32% variability reduction on the average dose for stasis. The final PK/PD model was used to simulate effect of patients’ characteristics on tumor growth inhibition profiles. The proposed methodology can be used to support drug development decisions, especially when large interpatient variability is observed.
Research on short‐term output power forecast model of wind farm based on neural network combination algorithm
Authors: Qu Boyang , Xing Zuoxia , Liu Yang , Chen Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReliable wind farm short‐term output power prediction plays a crucial role in the safety and economy of power system operation. By embedding multiple neural network methods, such as long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network, multiple optimized BP neural network and wavelet neural network (WNN), combined with multiple methods based on signal decomposition and reconstruction to evaluate the short‐term prediction effect. In this study, the variational modal decomposition (VMD) method and the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) are used to reduce the fluctuation of the original wind power signal. Besides, the intrinsic mode function (IMF) signals obtained by VMD and CEEMDAN methods are used. By predicting the IMF signals, the prediction error of each signal can be reduced, and the accuracy of wind power prediction can be indirectly improved. In order to test the validity of the proposed composite model, the validation prediction and rolling prediction of 72 h with a resolution of 10 min were carried out, respectively, using the data of Caijiagou wind farm in 2018. Through experiments, the relationship between the two predictions is analyzed, which provides an important reference for the selection of the prediction model. Corresponding results show that the proposed VMD‐LSTM and CEEMDAN‐LSTM methods significantly outperform other benchmark methods and provide very satisfactory results in both the accuracy and stability of wind farm power prediction.
Social Networks and Health Inequalities: A New Perspective for Research
Authors: Klärner Andreas , Gamper Markus , Keim-Klärner Sylvia , von der Lippe Holger , Moor Irene , Richter Matthias , Vonneilich Nico 
Published: June 2022

Abstract“Tell me how much your friends earn and I’ll tell you whether you smoke, what diseases you have and how old you’re going to become!” Part of this statement should be familiar to those who are interested in the connection between social inequality and health. People of comparatively lower socioeconomic status are at higher risk of health problems and are more likely to fall ill and die earlier than those who have a higher income etc. However, the sentence does not ask about your own income, but about the income of your friends. Is this information really meaningful? Does it really make a difference to your own health which friends you have, who you surround yourself with in your everyday life and what social position these people have?
Social Network Mechanisms
Authors: Klärner Andreas , von der Lippe Holger 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe influence and significance of social networks in health research are becoming widely discussed. Sociological network research meets the demand for a stronger consideration of “contexts” or the “environment” that influences health and care. Social networks are conceived as a mediating meso-level, which mediates between social macro-structures (e.g., healthcare systems, institutions, and organizations) and individual (not always) rationally acting actors. This perspective offers the possibility to analyze avariety of psychosocial mechanisms.These mechanisms can influence individual health in different ways, including (health) behavior, psyche, or physiology. In this chapter we present some central theoretical concepts, as well as empirical results, on network effects under the headings of “social support,” “social integration,” “social influence,” and “social contagion.”
Negative Ties and Inequalities in Health
Authors: Adebahr Philip 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNegative ties are essential components of social networks. The central task of the present chapter is to elicit the state of research on the contribution of negative ties to the reproduction of health inequalities. In the first step, we elaborate on commonalities and differences regarding the understanding of negative ties. Subsequently, we take a look at the relationship between negative ties and some health parameters in the field of physical and mental health as well as health behaviours. Furthermore, we explore the thesis that socioeconomic status and negative ties are related to one another. We conclude with an outlook where we address the main desiderata for research on negative ties and inequalities in health.
Stress Prediction Using Per-Activity Biometric Data to Improve QoL in the Elderly
Authors: Matsumoto Kanta , Matsui Tomokazu , Suwa Hirohiko , Yasumoto Keiichi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo improve the QoL of the elderly, it is essential to predict their stress states. In general, the stress state varies from day to day or time to time depending on what activities are performed and how long/strong. However, most existing studies predict the stress state using biometric data and specific activities (e.g., sleep time, exercise time and amount) as explanatory variables, but do not consider all daily living activities. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the stress state by linking various daily living activities and biometric information. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the prediction accuracy of stress estimation by linking daily living activities data and biometric data. Specifically, we construct a machine learning model in which the objective variable is the result of a stress status questionnaire obtained every morning and evening, and the explanatory variables are the types of daily living activities performed in the 24 h prior to the questionnaire and the feature values calculated from the biometric data during each of the performed activities. The results of the evaluation experiments using the one month data collected from five elderly households, show that the proposed method (using per-activity biometric features) improves the prediction accuracy by more than 10% from the baseline methods (with biometric features without considering activities).
Smart Home-Based Home Modification Program for Persons with Disabilities: A Pilot Study
Authors: Moon KwangTae , Lee YunHwan , Kim Dongwan , Kim Jongbae 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSmart Home Technology (SHT) as assistive technology (AT) is becoming an important active research field in the field of rehabilitation. For this purpose, Home Modification (HM) is one of the most common ways to improve the quality of life of the Persons with physical disabilities (PwPD). In this context, we propose a new Smart Home-based Home Modification Program (SHbHM) to improve the quality of life for PwPD. Our method simply uses Bluetooth or extends to Wi-Fi and Zigbee networks. A pilot study was conducted with five PwPD at home to investigate the effectiveness of the program. The reported results show a high quality of life, and the occupational performance and satisfaction are greatly improved, indicating that it is an efficient alternative.
Understanding the Knowledge, Perception and Uptake of Contraception in Nigeria: A Case Study of Saye-Zaria
Authors: Oyegoke Ayandunmola Folake , Abubakar Aisha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn integral part in the comprehensive care of HIV and a significant health service is contraception, however research carried out to evaluate the perception and utilization of contraception among HIV positive men are few. This research aim to determine the knowledge, perception and uptake of contraception among HIV positive male patients at Saye-Zaria. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with collection of quantitative data through questionnaire and qualitative data with Focused group discussion (FGD). The majority (85.1%) of respondents have heard about contraception, most had good perception, and only 61.9% of the respondents have ever used contraception. There was a significant association between level of education and perception. In conclusion there was high knowledge, low usage and poor acceptance of contraception. Therefore, the government should put adequate policies in place to encourage male involvement in the utilization of contraception.
Alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen? Zu Techniken und Funktionen der Filmmusik von Ramin Djawadi in Game of Thrones
Authors: Fink Monika 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungEs besteht wohl kein Zweifel, dass die Filmmusik des Komponisten Ramin Djawadi am weltweiten Erfolg der Serie Game of Thrones einen erheblichen Anteil hat. Djawadi gelang es, eine ideal auf die vielschichtige Phantasiewelt der Serie abgestimmte Klangwelt zu kreieren, die die zahlreichen Unwägbarkeiten und überraschenden Wendungen der Handlungsfolgen musikalisch reflektiert. Seine epische, stark emotionale und vor allem unglaublich bildhafte Tonsprache zeichnet sich, neben allen innovativen Aspekten im Sound Design, durch einen Rückgriff auf Kompositionstechniken aus, deren Ursprünge weit in die Musikgeschichte zurückreichen. In dem Beitrag werden die wesentlichen Techniken der Filmmusik, wie das Underscoring, die Mood-Technik und vor allem die subtile Leitmotivtechnik betrachtet, die sich durch sämtliche Staffeln hindurchzieht und mit deren Hilfe der hochkomplexen Handlung eine Einheit und ein innerer Zusammenhalt gewährt wird. Insbesondere eingegangen wird auf die Titelmusik sowie auf die Szene Light of the Seven, die zur ersten Szene des Finales der sechsten Staffel The Winds of Winter erklingt und die auch ein deutliches Beispiel dafür ist, wie die Wahrnehmung der Zuschauer mithilfe der Musik geleitet werden kann.
Inhibition of myostatin and related signaling pathways for the treatment of muscle atrophy in motor neuron diseases
Authors: Abati Elena , Manini Arianna , Comi Giacomo Pietro , Corti Stefania 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMyostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth secreted by skeletal myocytes. In the past years, myostatin inhibition sparked interest among the scientific community for its potential to enhance muscle growth and to reduce, or even prevent, muscle atrophy. These characteristics make it a promising target for the treatment of muscle atrophy in motor neuron diseases, namely, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which are rare neurological diseases, whereby the degeneration of motor neurons leads to progressive muscle loss and paralysis. These diseases carry a huge burden of morbidity and mortality but, despite this unfavorable scenario, several therapeutic advancements have been made in the past years. Indeed, a number of different curative therapies for SMA have been approved, leading to a revolution in the life expectancy and outcomes of SMA patients. Similarly, tofersen, an antisense oligonucleotide, is now undergoing clinical trial phase for use in ALS patients carrying the SOD1 mutation. However, these therapies are not able to completely halt or reverse progression of muscle damage. Recently, a trial evaluating apitegromab, a myostatin inhibitor, in SMA patients was started, following positive results from preclinical studies. In this context, myostatin inhibition could represent a useful strategy to tackle motor symptoms in these patients. The aim of this review is to describe the myostatin pathway and its role in motor neuron diseases, and to summarize and critically discuss preclinical and clinical studies of myostatin inhibitors in SMA and ALS. Then, we will highlight promises and pitfalls related to the use of myostatin inhibitors in the human setting, to aid the scientific community in the development of future clinical trials.
Investigating a psychological model of mental conditions and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic driven by participatory methods
Authors: Simblett S. K. , Jilka S. , Vitoratou S. , Hayes C. , Morris D. , Wilson E. , Odoi C. , Mutepua M. , Evans J. , Negbenose E. , Jansli S. M. , Hudson G. , Adanijo A. , Dawe-Lane E. , Pinfold V. , Wykes T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
There is evidence of increased mental health problems during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to identify the factors that put certain groups of people at greater risk of mental health problems.

Methods
We took a participatory approach, involving people with lived experience of mental health problems and/or carers, to generate a set of risk factors and potential moderators of the effects of COVID on mental health. An online cross-sectional survey was completed by 1464 United Kingdom residents between 24th April and 27th June 2020. The survey had questions on whether respondents were existing mental health service users and or carers, level of depression (PHQ9) and anxiety (GAD7), demographics, threat and coping appraisals, perceived resilience (BRS), and specific coping behaviours (validated as part of this study). The relationship between responses and coping strategies was measured using tetrachoric correlations. Structural equation modelling was used to test the model.

Results
A model significantly fit our data (rel χ2 = 2.05, RMSEA = 0.029 95%, CI (0.016, 0.042), CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.98, SRMR = 0.014). Age and coping appraisal predicted anxiety and depression. Whereas, threat appraisal and ethnicity only predicted anxiety, and resilience only predicted depression. Additionally, specific coping behaviours predicted anxiety and depression, with overlap on distraction.

Conclusions
Some, but not all, risk factors significantly predict anxiety and depression. While there is a relationship between anxiety and depression, different factors may put people at greater risk of one or the other during the pandemic.
Concomitant spontaneous spinal and posterior fossa subdural hematoma in an 11-year-old child with aplastic anemia: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Abou-Madawi Ali M. , Elkazaz Mohamed K. , Abdelhamid Alaa El-Din Saad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeThe current article describes an 11-year-old male who has aplastic anemia with an extremely rare condition, that is, concomitant posterior fossa SDH and spinal SDH.MethodsThis is a case report and review of literature.Case presentationThis case presents an 11-year-old male known to have aplastic anemia complained of neck and back pain, headache, and persistent vomiting for 3 days. He had no history of head or spine trauma at all. His parents are relatives “positive consanguinity,” and his sister suffers from aplastic anemia. Clinical examination revealed severe pallor at the time of presentation, with no neurologic or locomotor deficit and positive Kernig’s sign.ConclusionPatients with aplastic anemia or any bleeding disorder conditions should be investigated thoroughly if symptoms denoted a CNS pathology. Concomitant cranial and spinal SDH rarely occurs, and more studies are advocated to be structured to investigate the specific pathophysiology and etiologies of this condition.
A new method of preoperative assessment of correct electrode array alignment based on post-operative measurements in a cochlear implanted cohort
Authors: Horvath Bence , Perenyi Adam , Molnar Fiona Anna , Nagy Roland , Csanady Miklos , Kiss Jozsef Geza , Rovo Laszlo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
During cochlear implantation surgery, a range of complications may occur such as tip fold-over. We recently developed a method to estimate the insertion orientation of the electrode array. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal angle of orientation in a cohort of cochlear implanted patients.

Methods
On eighty-five CT scans (80 uncomplicated insertions and 5 cases with tip fold-over), location of the electrode array’s Insertion Guide (IG), Orientation marker (OM) and two easily identifiable landmarks (the round window (RW) and the incus short process (ISP)) were manually marked. The angle enclosed by ISP-RW line and the Cochlear™ Slim Modiolar electrode array’s OM line determined the electrode array insertion angle.

Results

The average insertion angle was 45.0–47.2° ± 10.4–12° SD and was validated with 98% confidence interval. Based on the measurements obtained, patients’ sex and age had no impact on the size of this angle. Although the angles of the tip fold-over cases (44.9°, 46.9°, 34.2°, 54.3°, 55.9°) fell within this average range, the further it diverted from the average it increased the likelihood for tip fold-over.

Conclusion
Electrode array insertion in the individually calculated angle relative to the visible incus short process provides a useful guide for the surgeon when aiming for the optimal angle, and potentially enhances good surgical outcomes. Our results show that factors other than the orientation angle may additionally contribute to failures in implantation when the Slim Modiolar electrode is used.
The influence of rest break frequency and duration on physical performance and psychophysiological responses: a mining simulation study
Authors: Uchiyama Kanon , King James , Wallman Karen , Taggart Sarah , Dugan Cory , Girard Olivier 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the influence of shorter, more frequent rest breaks during simulated work (outdoor mining) in the heat on physical performance and psychophysiological responses.MethodsOn separate days, thirteen males undertook two 225 min simulation trials in the afternoon (12.00–3.45 pm) including 180 min of treadmill walking at a constant rate of perceived exertion of 11 (or ‘light’) on the 6–20 Borg scale in a heat chamber (37 °C, 40% RH), interspersed with 45 min of rest breaks in an air-conditioned room (22 °C, 35% RH). Rest breaks in the current practice (CP) trial occurred at 1.00 and 2.30 pm (30 min and 15 min, respectively), while in the experimental (EXP) trial were at 1.00 (15 min), 1.45, 2.25 and 3.05 pm (10 min each).ResultsTotal distance covered was not different (p = 0.086) between CP (12,858 ± 2207 m) and EXP (12,094 ± 2174 m). Heart rate, thermal sensation and thermal comfort were significantly higher at 120–180 min (allp < 0.05) in CP compared to EXP. Moderate- to large-effect sizes (Hedge’s g) between trials were also found at 120–180 min for core temperature (g = 0.50 and 0.99, respectively). No differences were found between trials for cognitive performance, perceived fatigue, urine specific gravity, or total water intake (p > 0.05).ConclusionShorter, more frequent rest breaks have little impact on physical performance, thermal strain and exercise-related sensations. Current practices should remain in place until further studies can be conducted on an actual mine site during summer where outdoor workers perform their work duties.
Autoencoders reloaded
Authors: Bourlard Hervé , Kabil Selen Hande 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn Bourlard and Kamp (Biol Cybern 59(4):291–294, 1998), it was theoretically proven that autoencoders (AE) with single hidden layer (previously called “auto-associative multilayer perceptrons”) were, in the best case, implementing singular value decomposition (SVD) Golub and Reinsch (Linear algebra, Singular value decomposition and least squares solutions, pp 134–151. Springer, 1971), equivalent to principal component analysis (PCA) Hotelling (Educ Psychol 24(6/7):417–441, 1993); Jolliffe (Principal component analysis, springer series in statistics, 2nd edn. Springer, New York ). That is, AE are able to derive theeigenvaluesthat represent the amount of variance covered by each component even with the presence of the nonlinear function (sigmoid-like, or any other nonlinear functions) present on their hidden units. Today, with the renewed interest in “deep neural networks” (DNN), multiple types of (deep) AE are being investigated as an alternative to manifold learning Cayton (Univ California San Diego Tech Rep 12(1–17):1, 2005) for conducting nonlinear feature extraction or fusion, each with its own specific (expected) properties. Many of those AE are currently being developed as powerful, nonlinear encoder–decoder models, or used to generate reduced and discriminant feature sets that are more amenable to different modeling and classification tasks. In this paper, we start by recalling and further clarifying the main conclusions of Bourlard and Kamp (Biol Cybern 59(4):291–294, 1998), supporting them by extensive empirical evidences, which were not possible to be provided previously (in 1988), due to the dataset and processing limitations. Upon full understanding of the underlying mechanisms, we show that it remains hard (although feasible) to go beyond the state-of-the-art PCA/SVD techniques for auto-association. Finally, we present a brief overview on different autoencoder models that are mainly in use today and discuss their rationale, relations and application areas.