bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage closure in patients with small appendage orifices measured with transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Wang Binhao , Wang Zhao , Chu Huimin , He Bin , Fu Guohua , Feng Mingjun , Du Xianfeng , Liu Jing , Yu Yibo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Watchman device is the most widely used occluder but is indicated in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with a maximal left atrial appendage (LAA) orifice diameter between 17 and 31 mm. We aimed to compare the long‐term safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) between patients with a small LAA (<17 mm) and those with an indicated LAA (17–31 mm) measured by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).MethodsA total of 369 AF patients treated with LAAC between March 2015 and February 2019 were included and divided into two groups based on the maximal LAA orifice diameter measured by TEE: small LAA group (n = 22) and indicated LAA group (n = 347). Periprocedural complications and long‐term clinical outcomes were compared.ResultsThe Watchman device was successfully implanted in all patients. Mean device compression was higher in the small LAA group. Four patients (1.2%) in the indicated LAA group experienced pericardial effusion, and none experienced pericardial effusion in the small LAA group. Device‐related thrombus was detected in one (4.5%) patient in the small LAA group and five (1.4%) in the indicated LAA group (p = .310). After a mean follow‐up period of 4.1 ± 1.6 years, one patient in the small LAA group (4.5%; 1.1/100 person‐years) and four in the indicated LAA group (1.2%; 0.3/100 person‐years) suffered an ischemic stroke (p = .266).ConclusionsThe safety and efficacy of LAAC with the Watchman device were comparable between patients with small and indicated LAA orifice diameters measured by TEE.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Cesium Titanium Halide Perovskites Cs2TiBr6‐xIx (x = 0, 2, 4, 6)
Authors: Kupfer Christian , Elia Jack , Kato Masashi , Osvet Andres , Brabec Christoph J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPerovskite materials have a great variety of applications, such as X‐ray detection, lasing and piezoelectric, or solar energy harvesting. While achieving record efficiencies, perovskite solar cells suffer from the presence of toxic lead in their crystal structure. One possibility to circumvent this issue is via the family of vacancy‐ordered double‐perovskites, where lead atoms are replaced alternatingly by a tetravalent atom and a vacant lattice site. From this material family, Cs2TiBr6 has recently emerged as a promising candidate due to its favorable reported properties for photovoltaic applications specifically. This paper presents a novel and facile synthesis route to obtain phase‐pure Cs2TiBr6 and its lesser‐studied iodine‐based relatives Cs2TiBr4I2, Cs2TiBr2I4, and Cs2TiI6 via high‐energy mechanochemical ball milling. The materials are characterized with structural, microscopic, and photophysical techniques to reveal indirect bandgaps with values of 1.88, 1.13, 1.04, and 1.02 eV but also a distinct lack of any significant photoluminescence (PL) and a high instability under ambient conditions. These findings enable us to clarify the previously controversial properties of Cs2TiBr6 and establish its role in the vast landscape of perovskite photovoltaics.
System‐based emotions in Turkey and support for versus opposition to the Gezi Park protests
Authors: Solak Nevin , Sümer Nebi , Uluğ Özden Melis , Jost John T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearch on system justification theory has found that ideological justification of the status quo is associated with increased positive emotion and decreased negative emotion and, consequently, a lack of support for system‐challenging protest. However, almost all of this research has been conducted in “WEIRD” (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) countries. Here we investigated the role of system‐level emotions in mediating the negative association between system justification and collective action in the authoritarian political context of Turkey. We hypothesized that system justification would be associated with opposition to system‐challenging collective action, and the association would be mediated by system‐level emotions, even after adjusting for individual‐ and group‐level emotions. These hypotheses were investigated in studies involving university students (Study 1, N = 132) and two community samples recruited during the Gezi Park protests of 2013 (Study 2, N = 256; Study 3, N = 1024). In all three studies, system justification was associated with fewer negative system‐level emotions and less support for protests against the status quo. These findings demonstrate that ideological processes associated with system justification—both directly and indirectly, through system‐level emotional processes—undermine support for social change and promote social stability, even in a highly repressive political context.
Citizen Science on the Beach: Grunion Greeters in California
Authors: Martin Karen L M , Studer Melissa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Citizen scientist “Grunion Greeters” have proven to be effective monitors for beach-spawning runs of the California Grunion Leuresthes tenuis, for nearly two decades. This marine fish fully emerges from water to spawn on sandy beaches on the Pacific coast of California and Baja California. This spectacular display provides a rare nonconsumptive experience for the public with a wild fish. This native, endemic species rarely appears in trawls and does not take a hook, so population status is not possible to obtain by traditional fishery methods. In a unique recreational fishery, people capture these fish with bare hands on the sand, but no catch report is required. Volunteer Grunion Greeters provide hyperlocal, detailed data that can be obtained no other way. Methods, lessons learned, and use of the data in management are explained. The Grunion Greeters discovered that California Grunion recently made a northward range extension, but are declining broadly across the core habitat. Active monitoring by citizen scientists has brought renewed attention to this charismatic, vulnerable fish, along with its first long-term data set and policies to increase protections.
Seasonal and deep groundwater‐surface water interactions in the tropical Middle Magdalena River basin of Colombia
Authors: Piña Adriana , Donado Leonardo David , Silva Luis , Pescador Juan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study is an attempt to understand flow patterns in the Middle Magdalena Valley River basin (MMV), a tropical lowland humid forest. For this purpose, we used δ2H and δ18O water stable isotopes measured in different surface and groundwater sources collected in the area both during the dry and the wet seasons. Two hundred and forty‐five water samples were collected in rainfall, springs, rivers, swamps, and wells (from 10 to 350 m depth). Thus, we were able to establish three tendencies that suggest the existence of surface‐groundwater interactions or preferential groundwater fluxes in the MMV: (i) samples with an isotopic enrichment from the wet to the dry season (groundwater samples following the rainfall isotopic variability), (ii) groundwater samples with an isotopic depletion from the wet to the dry season (opposite to the rainfall isotopic signal), and (iii) groundwater samples whose isotopic composition did not change significantly among seasons. However, none of these tendencies could be related to geology or the type of sampled site, which suggests that some not fully understood processes must be taking place in the hydrological system of the MMV. Both, surface, and groundwater samples are grouped close to the Colombian meteoric line, with exception of some swamp samples collected during the dry period, which displayed the expected evaporation trend line tendency. This may be an indicator of the connection/disconnection of swamps with the river during the hydrological year. Finally, this study aims to fulfil the gap in water‐stable isotope data in Colombia and provide insights about the hydrological setup of a lowland tropical basin.
Bank‐lending channel of monetary policy transmission in WAEMU: An estimated DSGE model approach
Authors: Kame Babilla Thierry U. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article examines the effectiveness of the banking‐lending channel in the transmission of monetary policy mechanisms in the West African Economic and Monetary Union. We estimated a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model with an incomplete credit market, where the financial system is based on an active banking sector and the central bank follows a fixed exchange rate regime, using quarterly data from 1985Q1 to 2020Q4. Findings reveal that, first, monetary policy induces an expansionary effect in the real economy when the banking sector loosens borrowing constraints. Second, we found that the banking sector is sensitive to the contraction of monetary policy via its effects on lending rates and deposit rates. Third, findings show that the bank‐lending channel amplifies and propagates monetary policy transmission mechanisms into the real economy. The counterfactual analysis demonstrates that the level of financial depth within the currency union enhances the efficiency of the bank‐lending channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism. The macroeconomic outcomes and the financial implications of monetary policy via bank‐lending channels are more accentuated for the economies of the currency union with more financial depth than for those with shallow financial sector depth.
A novel circulating biomarker lnc‐MALAT1 for acute myocardial infarction: Its relationship with disease risk, features, cytokines, and major adverse cardiovascular events
Authors: Li Ruirui , Jin Jin , Liu Enxiang , Zhang Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveLong noncoding RNA MALAT1 (lnc‐MALAT1) modulates atherosclerotic progression, myocardial ischemia injury, and systematic inflammation, which may be closely involved in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) pathogenesis. Thus, the current study intended to explore the relationship of lnc‐MALAT1 to disease risk, features, cytokines, and prognostication in AMI patients.MethodsThis multicenter study consecutively enrolled 160 newly diagnosed AMI patients and 50 controls (angina pectoris patients). Their peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained to measure lnc‐MALAT1 by RT–qPCR. Serum cytokines in AMI patients were detected by ELISA. In addition, AMI patients were followed up for major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk evaluation.ResultsLnc‐MALAT1 was higher in AMI patients than in controls (median: 2.245 vs. 0.996, p = 0.004), and it also presented a good capacity for differentiating AMI patients from controls with an area under the curve of 0.823. Lnc‐MALAT1 was positively related to C‐reactive protein (p = 0.005), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.022), cardiac troponin I (p = 0.021), and infarct size (p = 0.007), but not other biochemical indexes in AMI patients. Meanwhile, lnc‐MALAT1 was positively associated with tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (p = 0.001), interleukin (IL)‐6 (p = 0.031), IL‐17A (p = 0.042), vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (p = 0.004), and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (p = 0.021) among AMI patients. Importantly, after categorization, lnc‐MALAT1 high (vs. low) was related to an elevated MACE accumulation rate (p = 0.035); furthermore, a higher lnc‐MALAT1 quartile showed a trend to be linked with an increased MACE accumulation rate (p = 0.092).ConclusionLnc‐MALAT1 may serve as a biomarker for AMI risk, infarct size, inflammation and prognosis, but further validation by large‐scale studies is needed.
The synergistic effect of sea cucumber saponins and caffeine on preventing obesity in high‐fat diet‐fed mice by extending the action duration of caffeine
Authors: Zhao Ying‐Cai , Li Le‐Ping , Li Xiao‐Yue , Wang Cheng‐Cheng , Yang Jin‐Yue , Xue Chang‐Hu , Wang Yu‐Ming , Zhang Tian‐Tian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSea cucumber saponins (SCSs) exhibit a unique structure and high bioactivities and might have specialized implications on caffeine metabolic process by altering the activity of N‐demethylation enzyme CYP1A2. The present study aimed to clarify the effects of SCS on caffeine metabolism in vivo and in vitro, as well as the synergistic anti‐obesity effect of SCS and caffeine on high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice.RESULTSResults found that SCS administration significantly postponed the elimination rate of caffeine and its metabolites in vivo, and further study found CYP1A2‐mediated caffeine metabolism was remarkably inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner in vitro. The synergistic effect of the SCS and caffeine combination could decrease the total weight of white adipose tissue by 52% compared with high‐fat diet‐treated group.CONCLUSIONSCS could prolong caffeine action time, and the combination of the two substances exhibited joint action on high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice. These findings might provide a basis for the development of functional foods and potential application using the combination of SCS and caffeine. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Enhancing monitoring of mangrove spatiotemporal tree diversity and distribution patterns
Authors: Pimple Uday , Simonetti Dario , Peters Ronny , Berger Uta , Podest Erika , Gond Valery 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSpatiotemporal information on mangrove species assemblage of natural, disturbed, and rehabilitated is an essential prerequisite for effective strategies for biodiversity conservation and management. However, appropriate field‐based sampling strategies of spatial heterogeneity still hamper the detection of the species distribution and its temporal development. An increasing amount of remote sensing data seems the perfect way to tackle these challenges. With this article, we fill this gap by presenting a review of the challenges and limitations to assess the current status of species diversity. We conclude that species discrimination based on remote sensing techniques is still limited by atmospheric contamination and tidal fluctuations. The lack of accurate information on the spatiotemporal development of species diversity and forest structure further curtails an understanding of functional indicators and the predictive power of modeling approaches. Nevertheless, multi‐source remote‐sensing techniques could seemingly capture the landscape heterogeneity and support systematic sampling designs. Spatially balanced (systematic) training and validation data are necessary to compile robust spatiotemporal information, supporting reliable predictions for optimizing restoration efforts. A systematic sampling of spatiotemporal ecological information is vital to derive the historical state of mangroves, detecting their degradation, and predicting future patterns of species distribution that are generally crucial for restoration, and particularly to rehabilitate species diversity.
DFT + U calculations of structural, magnetic, and electrochemical properties and Na+ diffusion barrier in the O3‐phase of NaTm0.5Ni0.5O2 (Tm = Ti, Mn)
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Chatterjee Abhijit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractO3‐type sodium rich layered transition metal (TM) oxides namely NaTm0.5Ni0.5O2 (Tm = Ti, Mn) are theoretically explored in this work. The structural, magnetic and electrochemical properties are studied using first‐principles calculations at different Na‐intercalation levels. Cell parameters calculated using GGA, GGA + U and dispersion‐corrected GGA + U + D3 methods are compared with experimental data. The incorporation of Hubbard parameter (U) for 2p orbital of O with Hubbard parameters of Mn‐3d orbitals and Ni‐3d orbitals at GGA + U provides a good description of the electronic structure, cell parameter, magnetic moment and effective charge. Comparisons are also made to meta‐GGA functional (strongly constrained and appropriately normed) calculations. Ti‐based O3‐phase is found to be more stable than Mn‐based O3‐phase for all Na‐intercalation levels. However, the presence of Mn ions can significantly reduce the Na+ diffusion barrier as compared to Ti ions in O3‐type NaTm0.5Ni0.5O2 system. Both Ti and Mn ions act as structural stabilizers and do not participate in electrochemistry during charge/discharge. PBE + U + D3 functional is recommended to get reliable results for electronic and magnetic properties of these kind of systems.
Flame retardant and antibacterial properties of PLA/PHMG‐P/APP composites
Authors: Liao Meng , Zhou Xiang , Fu Lu , Deng Liumi , Zhu Zongmin , Wang Luoxin , Chen Shaohua , Liu Yuansen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPoly(lactic acid) (PLA) has evolved into a commodity polymer with numerous applications. However, its high flammability limits its viability as a perfect alternative to petrochemical engineering plastics. In this study, PLA was modified using polyhexamethyleneguanidine phosphate (PHMG‐P) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The flame retardant performance of PLA/PHMG‐P/APP was investigated based on the limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL‐94), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimetry (CC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman Spectrometry. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to determine the antibacterial properties of PLA composites. The LOI of PLA‐10% (P:A = 1:4) was 31.7% and was rated V‐0 in the UL‐94 V‐0 test. The antibacterial properties of the composites reflected the antibacterial effects of PLA‐10% (P: A = 1:4) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with the antibacterial rates reaching 93.41% and 93.26%, respectively. PHMG‐P and APP had a synergistic flame‐retardant effect and improved the flame retardancy of PLA while exhibiting excellent antibacterial properties.
Genetic structure of the threatened Gray Parrotfish (Sparisoma axillare) in the Southwestern Atlantic
Authors: Tovar Verba Julia , Ferreira Carlos E. L. , Pennino Maria Grazia , Hagberg Linda , Lopes Priscila F. M. , Padovani Ferreira Beatrice , Maia Queiroz Lima Sergio , Stow Adam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite the marine environment being typified by a lack of obvious barriers to dispersal, levels of genetic divergence can arise in marine organisms from historical changes in habitat availability, current oceanographic regimes and anthropogenic factors. Here we describe the genetic structure of the Gray Parrotfish, Sparisoma axillare, and identify environmental variables associated with patterns of genetic divergence throughout most of its distribution in Brazil. The heavily exploited Gray Parrotfish is endemic to Brazil, and there is lack of data on population structure that is needed to support sustainable management. To address this shortfall we analyzed 5429 SNPs from individuals sampled in nine locations, ranging from tropical to subtropical reef systems and costal to oceanic environments with varying levels of protection. We found low levels of genetic structure along the coast, including the oceanic island of Fernando de Noronha, and that a combination of water depth, ocean currents and geographic distance were the major drivers explaining genetic divergence. We identified a distinct genetic population around Trindade Island, 1000 km from the coast, highlighting the conservation significance of this population. Colonization of this oceanic site probably occurred during the Pleistocene periods of lower sea levels, allowing this shallow water-dependent species to use the seamount chain as stepping stones to Trindade. Our data further suggest that two protected areas, Costa dos Corais and Fernando de Noronha, likely play an important role as larval sources for much of the species distribution.
Manufacturing Defects in Thermoplastic Composite Pipes and Their Effect on the in-situ Performance of Thermoplastic Composite Pipes in Oil and Gas Applications
Authors: Okolie Obinna , Latto Jim , Faisal Nadimul , Jamieson Harvey , Mukherji Arindam , Njuguna James 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermoplastic composite pipes (TCP) are a form of fibre reinforced thermoplastic pipes that have proven benefits such as being lightweight and non-corrosive. However, during manufacturing, certain defects are induced because of certain parameters which eventually affect TCP performance in-service. Current manufacturing techniques are challenged with on-the-spot detection as the pipe is regularly monitored. When a defect is noticed, the process stops, and action is taken. However, stopping the process is costly; hence it is vital to decrease downtime during manufacturing. Potential solutions are through process optimisation for defect reduction and an in-depth understanding of the effect of parameters that cause defect formation in the pipe. This article provides an overview of manufacturing influence on the end performance. This is intimately linked to the material features, properties, and performance in-service. The material features are the determinants for the manufacturing technique to be used. For TCP, it is a melt fusion bonding process involving heating and consolidation among other factors such as the consolidation speed and pull force. Thermal behaviour is essential at this phase as it determines the curing rate and this study indicates that laser heating is the better heat source in efficiency terms. Defects such as fibre misalignments, voids, and delamination are induced during manufactuirng are explored. The sources of these defects have been discussed herein as well as the secondary defects caused by them with the consideration of residual stress impact. The presence of manufacturing defects has been identified to influence the strength and stiffness, interlaminar shear strength, toughness, and creep performance. In addition the study shows there is a need to explore the state of the art in defect characterization during manufacturing for TCP. The in-situ characterization aims to derive high-quality TCP with reduced defects and need for repairs, and increased production rate in safe and eco-friendly conditions while maintaining the current manufacturing process.Graphical abstract