bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faculty and its Impact on Critical Thinking Abilities of Undergraduate Medical Students – A Delphi Study
Authors: Muqeem Ahmad , Sajid Sadaf , Arshad Syma , Khan Sofia Waheed , Ahmad Abdullah , Khan Hoorish 
Published: September 2022

Aim:	To identify individual skills/attitude of faculty which influence fostering of critical thinking in undergraduate medical students Study Design: Modified Delphi Study Place and Duration of study: This study was carried out at University of Lahore from October 2018 to April 2019. Methodology: Delphi Study was used to develop consensus. Experts were MME/MHPE/ MCPS HPE qualified faculty members with 03 years of teaching experience. A draft questionnaire was developed on Google Forms after thorough literature review and sent to 05 experts for Pilot Study, construct validation and cognitive pretesting. A Wait Time of 04 weeks, rating of questions on 5 point Likert Scale and consensus criteria of 80% were defined before the start of study. SPSS 25 was used for data analysis. During 1st Round, draft questionnaire was amended in the light of opinion of experts to open ended questions and was sent to all the participants for their response. During 2nd Round, a new questionnaire was developed after data analysis and duly amended questionnaire was sent to the participants of Round 1. Results: A total of 27 experts were enrolled in the study. 17 experts (62.96%) responded during the first round. Consensus was achieved for 13 items (65%) out of 20. In the 2nd round, 15(88.23%) out of 17 responded. Consensus was achieved for all 7 items (100%). The study revealed that majority of our faculty lacks proper training and does not possess knowledge about various educational theories / principles and their application. They do not know how to act as facilitator, conduct tutorials, ask high order questions, reflect and provide constructive feedback. They do not give enough wait time to students after asking an open ended / higher order question. They are over committed with administrative work besides teaching. Conclusion: Individual skills / attitude of faculty hamper fostering of CT in undergraduate medical students. They are mainly due to lack of formal faculty training which should be addressed not only in the medical institutions but in the pre-medical schools as well to inculcate higher order critical thinking skills in students. Keywords: Critical Thinking (CT), Undergraduate Medical Students, Faculty, Reflections, Feedback
Correlation of FOXA1 with some clinicopathological features, lymph node, grade, stage and tumor size
Authors: Mohsin Mohammed A. , Zayed Karrar S. 
Published: September 2022

The Forkhead box (FOX) protein family includes FOXA1, and is a transcription factor (TF). It work as a pioneer factor, interacting with compressed chromatin to allow ER to bind more easily later (Nagaraj and Ma, 2021). It significantly contributed to the development and invasiveness of endocrine-resistant cells by changing the ER dependent transcriptome in numerous endocrine-resistant preclinical BC cell types (Chun et al., 2017). The present study is done during the period September 2021 and May 2022 at the University of Kufa's, Faculty of Medicine, Middle Euphrates Unit for Cancer Research. as a control group. These samples gathered from archives of the two private laboratories and re-evaluted by two pathologist. Positive nuclear IHC expression of FOXA1 is significantly reduced in 43 BC cases (58.9%) compared to 38 control persons (100%) while negative nuclear IHC expression of FOXA1 is significantly reduced in BC patients, 30 cases (41.1%) compared to 0 control persons (0.0%), Odd ratio 1.66, 95% CI (1.37-1.98), P=0.0001. Moreover, FOXA1 positivity was elevated significantly in patients with grade I and II (P=0.002) and absent of lymph node metastasis (p=0.027).
How Insurance Industry of China Responds to The Crisis of COVID-19
Authors: Fan Qikang 
Published: September 2022

In the context of the normalization of the COVID-19 epidemic, the insurance industry, as an important part of the financial market, has been affected positively or negatively, and its functions such as risk management and social stability have been widely valued. The transformation of the insurance industry is already in progress. In addition to the stimulation of the epidemic, the development of China's insurance industry faces many inevitable challenges in the fight against COVID-19; For example, insurance consumers are not rational, insurance claims are under pressure, offline business is blocked, and other challenges also usher in opportunities such as stimulated insurance demand, marketing upgrading, business transformation, and rapid development of life insurance, health insurance, Internet insurance, and credit insurance. In order to effectively cope with the crisis faced by the insurance industry, insurance companies can learn from international experience, establish emergency response function organizations, open online marketing models, innovate insurance types related to the epidemic, and actively build insurance smart enterprises by using science and technology to do a good job in the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, so as to achieve the sustainable and healthy development of the insurance industry.
Implementasi Tradisi Muslimatan Terhadap Spiritual Masyarakat Di Desa Sana Daja Pasean Pamekasan
Authors: Juhairiyah Juhairiyah , Rofiki Rofiki , Riadi Ahsan 
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the research is to explain the implementation of the Muslimatan tradition and the impact of the Muslimatan tradition on the spirituality of the Sana Daja community. The research method uses a case study approach. Data collection techniques by observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing techniques with reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions or levers.
The results showed: the implementation of the Muslim tradition with several activities including: 1) reading the Prophet's prayer, which is a chanting sholawat to praise the Prophet Muhammad SAW as a sign of affection for the Prophet 2) reading Surah Yasin, in order to instill Islamic aqidah and hope that good in the hereafter 3) tahlil, which contains dhikr readings whose rewards are addressed to relatives who have died 4) offering mauidzoh hasanah, which is a spiritual shower that contains religious knowledge and 5) social gathering an activity that is in tradition muslimatan in order to train the people of Sana Daja in saving money so that they live more prosperously. Second, the impact of the Muslim tradition on the spirituality of the community has a positive impact on 1) religion, can increase piety, submission to Allah SWT and can know religious knowledge in detail, and become a society that has high self-awareness 2) social, increasing ukhuwah Islamiyah and 3. The economy makes people more prosperous in their economy.
Lower Risk of Revision Surgery After Arthroscopic Versus Open Irrigation and Débridement for Shoulder Septic Arthritis
Authors: Upfill-Brown Alexander , Shi Brendan , Carter Matthew , Maturana Carlos , Hart Chistopher , Shah Akash A. , Brodke Dane , Hsiue Peter , Photopoulos Christos , Lee Christopher , Stavrakis Alexandra 
Published: September 2022

Background:
In the treatment of native shoulder septic arthritis, the optimal irrigation and débridement modality—arthroscopic versus open—is a matter of controversy. We aim to compare revision-free survival (RFS), complications, and resource utilization between these approaches.

Methods:
The National Readmission Database was queried from 2016 to 2019 to identify patients using International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, diagnostic and procedure codes. Days to revision irrigation and débridement (I&D) were calculated for patients during index admission or subsequent readmissions. Multivariate regression was used for healthcare utilization analysis. Survival analysis was done using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression.

Results:
A total of 4,113 patients with native shoulder septic arthritis undergoing I&D were identified, 2,775 arthroscopic (67.5%) and 1,338 open (32.5%). The median follow-up was 170 days (interquartile range 79 to 265). A total of 341 patients (8.3%) underwent revision I&D at a median of 9 days. On multivariate analysis, arthroscopic I&D was associated with a reduction in hospital costs of $4,154 (P < 0.001) and length of stay of 0.78 days (P = 0.030). Arthroscopic I&D was associated with reduced blood transfusions (odds ratio 0.69, P = 0.001) and wound complications (odds ratio 0.30, P < 0.001). RFS was 96.4%, 94.9%, 93.3%, and 92.6% for arthroscopic I&D and 94.1%, 92.6%, 90.4%, and 89.0% for open I&D at 10, 30, 90 and 180 days, respectively (P = 0.00043). On multivariate Cox modeling, arthroscopic I&D was associated with improved survival (hazard ratio 0.67, P = 0.00035). On stratified analysis, arthroscopic I&D was associated with improved RFS in patients aged 65 years or older (P < 0.001), but RFS was similar in those younger than 65 years (P = 0.17).

Conclusion:
Risk of revision I&D was markedly lower after arthroscopic I&D compared with open, although the protective benefit was limited to patients aged 65 years or older. Arthroscopy was also associated with decreased costs, length of stay, and complications. Although surgeons must consider specific patient factors, our results suggest that arthroscopic I&D is superior to open I&D.

Level of Evidence:
III
Effect Of Hand Grip Strength and Endurance on Writing Speed ¬¬Among Students of DPT In AMNC
Authors: Butt Khushbakhat , Maqbool Sania , Fatima Urooj , Arif Madiha , Arooj Ammara , Amir Laiba , Noor Falak , Zaheer Bayyaniha 
Published: September 2022

Hand grip strength is a measure and indicator of general strength of upper limb as well as general body strength. The grip strength varies in different populations and regions due to difference in genetic makeup, nutritional habits, body type and level of activity. ADLs of upper limb depend on strength and endurance of hand as greater the strength and endurance greater the performance. Objectives: To find the effect of handgrip strength and endurance on handwriting speed. Methods: Associational study included 113 healthy young adult students. Convenience sampling technique was used. Dynamometer was used to measure the hand grip strength and endurance in a standardized manner. Letters per Minute test was used to assess the handwriting speed. Dynamometer is an instrument with excellent validity, consistency and reliability. Results: The hand grip strength and writing speed was moderately correlated as (r 0.559) and the hand endurance and writing speed was moderately correlated as (r 0.57). Conclusions: We concluded that hand grip strength and hand endurance have positive moderate effect on writing speed. Exercises that increase hand strength and endurance can increase the writing speed and ultimately academic performance of students.
الأنساق الثقافية في قصيدة (لهذا اليومِ بعدَ غدٍ أريجُ) (دراسة نقدية ثقافية)
Authors: العنبر الدكتور عمر عبدالله نايف 
Published: September 2022

تُشكلُ الأنساقُ الثقافيةُ المصطلح التحليلي الأبرز في النقد الثقافي من خلال فرضية مفادها أنَّ النص الأدبي يتكون من أنساق ثقافية مضمرة تختفي وراء جماليات النصوص الأدبية ومعانيها الظاهرة، وتكشف الأنساق الثقافية المضمرة عن العلاقات بين النص والثقافة، ولتبيان المعاني الثقافية يُستعانُ بأدوات النقد الثقافي وأهمها:(المجاز الثقافي، التورية الثقافية، المؤلف المزدوج) للكشف عن الأنساق الثقافية، ويهدف هذا البحث إلى تقديم نموذج يكشف عن تجليات الأنساق الثقافية المضمرة في قصيدة المتنبي التي مطلعها (لهذا اليوم بعدَ غدٍ أريج) بوصفها نموذجاً تطبيقياً للنقد الثقافي من خلال بيان الأنساق الثقافية المضمرة في القصيدة بغية إعادة فهمها وتشكيلها نقدياً ثقافياً.
التباين المكاني لظاهرة التدخين في مدينة الحويجة لعام 2021
Authors: احمد يوسف عباس رائد , الجبوري حمد علي احمد , الجبوري عصام يحيى عزيز 
Published: September 2022

هناك تزايد ملحوظ في اعداد المدخنين ، اذ يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحديد عدد المدخنين في مدينة الحويجة وتوزيعهما المكاني في مختلف الاحياء السكنية والوقوف على أسباب حدوث هذه الظاهرة وتفاقمها وانتشارها بين مختلف الفئات العمرية ومعرفة الاضرار والاثار الصحية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والبيئية التي تخلفها على سكان المدينة ، بالإضافة الى معرفة حجوم تدخين الأطفال دون (15 سنة ) التي اخذت تنتشر بشكل كبير في الآونة الاخيرة. وقد بلغ عدد المدخنين في مدينة الحويجة (6629)مدخن، وهي تمثل (14)% من مجموع سكان المدينة اذ تتركز هذه الظاهرة لدى الذكور اكثر من الاناث، وهناك متغيرات عديدة ادت الى تباين التدخين كالبطالة ، والظروف النفسية وتدخين الوالدين ، والطلاق و الترمل ، وأطفال الشوارع والأصدقاء المدخنين ، في ظل غياب الرقابة الأسرية والمدرسية. وقد توصلت الدراسة الى كلفة السكائر للمدخنين في مدينة الحويجة اذ بلغ أكثر من (1.1) مليار دينار عراقي لعام 2020 وهو مبلغ كبير يقابله كلف العلاج للمصابين بالأمراض من جراء هذه الظاهرة ونظافة البيئة .
الكلمات المفتاحية: التدخين، التنمية، النمو السكاني، الحضرية
L’approche contrastive et l’interférence linguistique dans la production écrite dans l’enseignement du FLE aux francophones
Authors: Sarar Samiha 
Published: September 2022

Résumé:
Les erreurs que les apprenants du FLE commettent , dans nos département du français en Libye , d’une manière involontaire quand ils emploient le mot de la langue maternelle (l’arabe ) à la langue française .Notre recherche aborde la comparaison entre les caractéristiques syntaxiques et sémantiques de deux langues ( français – arabe ) . D’autre part , on va étudier l’équivalence quand ils traduisent ; notamment la Libye est un pays non francophone , le français demeure la langue étrangère . La différence entre les deux cultures est très claire .Il n’est pas toujours facile de caractériser la spécificité de deux langues différentes et aussi ne sont pas de même origine ainsi la méthode de la linguistique contractive et analytique nous permet de décrire les propriétés de deux langues
A EFETIVAÇÃO DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA COMO AGENTE ECONÔMICO ATRAVÉS DAS STARTUPS DE TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA
Authors: Merquides Rahiza Karaziaki , Da Silva Denner Pereira , Da Silva Alexandre Barbosa 
Published: September 2022

Agentes econômicos se comportam fazendo escolhas, considerando seus desejos e as restrições que enfrentam. A pessoa com deficiência, inobstante sua condição de agente econômico, enfrenta barreiras na sociedade ao pleno exercício de seu poder decisório. Se existe uma barreira à utilização de determinado ambiente, ao se ponderar entre desejos e restrições, a pessoa com deficiência não fruirá daquele espaço, num paulatino processo de exclusão. O problema de pesquisa que se coloca é se o incentivo à ampliação da margem de escolha da pessoa com deficiência pode ir além de sua melhora de bem-estar, também gerando benefícios socioeconômicos com a redução dos custos diretos com saúde e seguridade social, permitindo uma força de trabalho mais produtiva, com estímulo ao crescimento econômico. Através de uma metodologia que privilegia o método de abordagem dedutivo e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, especialmente com a interpretação do Decreto n.º 10.645/2021 e da Lei Complementar n.º 182/2021, se objetiva identificar a potencialidade de concretização de direitos fundamentais com o concomitante e factual fomento ao empreendedorismo inovador e ao desenvolvimento de tecnologia assistiva através das startups, que seja capaz de respeitar a individualidade das pessoas com deficiência e tornar efetiva sua condição de agente econômico.
Frequency of Acute Exacerbation of COPD Among Non-smokers in Tertiary Care Hospital of Bannu KPK-Pakistan
Authors: Khan Tahir , Khan Nafid ullah , Khan Qaiser Iqbal , Khan Raza muhammad , Atif Masood  , Khan Wali 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Background: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is common disease with frequent exacerbations especially in winter season. Frequency of COPD exacerbation is more among smokers as compared to general public. Current study was done to evaluate the frequency of acute exacerbation of COPD among non-smokers.
Methods: this cross-sectional descriptive study was performed at Department of medicine, DHQ hospital Bannu over a period of one year from 22-2-2021 to 22-2-2022. About 193 COPD patients aged 35 to 80 years were included in this study. Patients with other lung diseases like TB, pneumoconiosis, silicosis, pleural effusion, interstitial lung diseases, bronchiectasis and history of pneumonectomy were excluded from the study. Complete history including history of smoking, socio economic status and co morbidities was taken. Complete general physical and systemic examination including chest and cardiovascular examination was performed. Spirometry was done and findings were recorded.
Results: Among 193 patients, 55.4% and 44.6% were male and female respectively. Mean age was 58.89 years ± 10.82 SD. Among these 193 patients, 88.1% were uneducated, 6.2%, 29.6%, 32.6% and 31.6% were presented with mild, moderate, severe and very severe COPD respectively. Among them, 22.3% patients were hypertensive, 14% were diabetic and 1.6% were having thyroid disease. Frequency of non-smoker (50.3%) was stratified on the basis of gender (p=0.01), age (p= 0.16), duration of COPD (p=0.001), educational status (p=0.03), spirometry findings (p=0.73), hypertension (p=0.41), diabetes mellitus (p=0.85) and thyroid diseases (p=0.55).
Conclusion: Approximately half of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were non-smokers. Of these, females were more likely to be non-smokers than males.
DESAIN SISTEM WADAH PROMOSI INDUSTRI WISATA PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Parassa Yonatan , Rompon Yohanis S. , Pairunan Toban T. , Bijang Nathaniel L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract North Sulawesi Province has experienced 600% growth in the tourism sector since 2015 and received The Rising Star award on April 25, 2019. Unfortunately, this tourism cake cannot be enjoyed by entrepreneurs in the tourism sector evenly, this is due, among other things, to the absence of promotion of tourism businesses. on a provincial scale that can be accessed by potential tourists and tourists themselves. This study aims to design a tourism business promotion on a provincial scale which is expected to be used as a reference for building a tourism information system as a forum for promoting the tourism industry in North Sulawesi. The design of the tourism information system uses the waterfall method, using several modeling tools including use case diagrams, and Entity relationalship diagrams, in addition to using interviews, observations for data collection. The results of this study are the design of a tourism information system as a forum for promoting the tourism business industry, which is expected to be used as a reference for the development of an information system which later in its implementation can be accessed by prospective tourists and tourists so that through the information system, tourism business actors can increase their income.
Geneza pism św. Siostry Faustyny Kowalskiej i Alicji Lenczewskiej
Authors: Rachwalik Walter 
Published: September 2022

Do grona mistyczek polski należą św. Siostra Faustyna Kowalska (1905-1938) i Alicja Lenczewska (1934-2012). Po ich śmierci, za zgodą pasterzy Kościoła opublikowano ich duchowe zapiski, w których utrwaliły własne nadprzyrodzone doświadczenia oraz pouczenia Boga skierowane do Jego wyznawców. Dzienniczek, Świadectwo i Słowo Pouczenia zostały uznane za perły pism mistycznych.
A Consortium for Analytic Standardization in Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Bogen Steven A. , Dabbs David J. , Miller Keith D. , Nielsen Søren , Parry Suzanne C. , Szabolcs Matthias J. , t'Hart Nils , Taylor Clive R. , Torlakovic Emina E. 
Published: September 2022

Context.—
The authors announce the launch of the Consortium for Analytic Standardization in Immunohistochemistry, funded with a grant from the National Cancer Institute. As with other laboratory testing, analytic standards are important for many different stakeholders: commercial vendors of instruments and reagents, biopharmaceutical firms, pathologists, scientists, clinical laboratories, external quality assurance organizations, and regulatory bodies. Analytic standards are customarily central to assay development, validation, and method transfer into routine assays and are critical quality assurance tools.

Objective.—
To improve immunohistochemistry (IHC) test accuracy and reproducibility by integrating analytic standards into routine practice. To accomplish this mission, the consortium has 2 mandates: (1) to experimentally determine analytic sensitivity thresholds (lower and upper limits of detection) for selected IHC assays, and (2) to inform IHC stakeholders of what analytic standards are, why they are important, and how and for what purpose they are used. The consortium will then publish the data and offer analytic sensitivity recommendations where appropriate. These mandates will be conducted in collaboration and coordination with clinical laboratories, external quality assurance programs, and pathology organizations.

Data Sources.—
Literature review and published external quality assurance data.

Conclusions.—
Integration of analytic standards is expected to (1) harmonize and standardize IHC assays; (2) improve IHC test accuracy and reproducibility, both within and between laboratories; and (3) dramatically simplify and improve methodology transfer for new IHC protocols from published literature or clinical trials to clinical IHC laboratories.
Outcome of Haematological and Haemostatic Indices in Hospitalized Yellow Fever Patients at the Centre for Communicable Disease Control and Research (CCDCR) Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Obu Sylvia Ifeoma , Asiodu Anthony Uchenna , Osiatuma Victor Azubuike , Ojimba Anastacia Okwudili , Oburo Ngozichukwuka Andrew , Iyasele Anthony Chukwuemeka , Omoyibo Efe Erhinyaye , Emekekwue Chinyelu Ifeoma , Nnanna Tochi Praise , Chukwumah Justina Ifeoma , Eluaka Samuel Uchenna , Edet Samuel Eno , Aigbokhaede Queen Adesuwa , Dibigbo-Ibeaji Ndudi , Jisieike Obianuju Nkemjika , Chinedu Ugoeze Francis , Sadoh Rosemary Odion , Imade Destiny Osarumwense 
Published: September 2022

Aim: To assess the outcome of haematological and haemostatic indices in hospitalized Yellow Fever Positive patients treated using levels of full blood count, platelet count and other red cell indices at the Centre for Communicable Disease and Research (CCDCR) Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria.
Study Design: Retrospective observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Centre for Communicable Disease Control and Research (CCDCR), Federal Medical Centre Asaba, Nigeria, between August and December 2020.
Methodology: Descriptive data was collected from the records of fifty-six (56) patients aged 16 – 65 years who were hospitalized and treated at the CCDCR FMC Asaba, within the months of August to December, 2020 and 56 non-Yellow Fever subjects as control subjects. The patients’ samples were previously collected and analyzed for haematological parameters (neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelet count, mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), using an automated haematology analyzer. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and P values less than .05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: There were higher levels of total white blood cell count, eosinophil and MCH in hospitalized yellow fever patients when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there was a lower level in platelet count of hospitalized yellow fever patients when compared with non-yellow fever control subjects (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in other haematological indices assayed which appeared normal (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be inferred that yellow fever can be associated with several haematological derangements which this study has succeeded to lay bare. Understanding these characteristics aids in planning therapy, management of patients as well as monitoring outcome.