bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the Ages of Open Star Clusters from Properties of Their Extended Tidal Tails
Authors: Dinnbier František , Kroupa Pavel , Šubr Ladislav , Jeřábková Tereza 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The most accurate current methods for determining the ages of open star clusters, stellar associations, and stellar streams are based on isochrone fitting or the lithium depletion boundary. We propose another method for dating these objects based on the morphology of their extended tidal tails, which have been recently discovered around several open star clusters. Assuming that the tidal tails originate from the stars released from the cluster during early gas expulsion, or that they form in the same star-forming region as the cluster (i.e., being coeval with the cluster), we derive the analytical formula for the tilt angle β between the long axis of the tidal tail and the orbital direction for clusters or streams on circular trajectories. Since at a given Galactocentric radius β is only a function of age t regardless of the initial properties of the cluster, we estimate the cluster age by inverting the analytical formula β = β(t). We illustrate the method on a sample of 12 objects, which we compiled from the literature, and we find a reasonable agreement with previous dating methods in ≈70% of the cases. This can probably be improved by taking into account the eccentricity of the orbits and by revisiting the dating methods based on stellar evolution. The proposed morphological method is suitable for relatively young clusters (age ≲300 Myr), where it provides a relative age error of the order of 10%−20% for an error in the observed tilt angle of 5°.
Measuring the Expansion or Contraction of Galaxies
Authors: Loeb Abraham 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Galaxies lose mass as a result of their luminosity or gaseous outflows. I calculate the resulting radial migration of stars outwards and show that it could potentially be measured with high resolution spectrographs on the next generation of large telescopes. Substantial accretion of matter in dense cosmic environments could trigger inward stellar migration that would be even more easily measurable.
Detecting Oceans on Exoplanets with Phase-dependent Spectral Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Ryan Dominick J. , Robinson Tyler D. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Stable surface liquid water is a key indicator of exoplanet habitability. However, few approaches exist for directly detecting oceans on potentially Earth-like exoplanets. In most cases, specular reflection of host starlight from surface bodies of water—referred to as ocean glint—proves to be an important aspect of liquids that can enable detection of habitable conditions. Here, we propose that spectral principal component analysis (PCA) applied to orbital phase-dependent observations of Earth-like exoplanets can provide a straightforward means of detecting ocean glint and thus habitability. Using high-fidelity, orbit-resolved spectral models of Earth, and for instrument capabilities applicable to proposed exo-Earth direct imaging concept missions, the extreme reddening effect of crescent-phase ocean glint is demonstrated as the primary spectral component that explains phase-dependent variability for orbital inclinations spanning 60°–90°. At smaller orbital inclinations where more-extreme crescent phases cannot be accessed, glint can still significantly increase planetary brightness but reddening effects are less pronounced, and as a result, glint is not plainly indicated by phase-dependent spectral PCA. Using instrument models for future exoplanet direct imaging mission concepts, we show that brightness enhancements due to glint could be detected across a wide range of orbital inclinations with typical exposure times measured in hours to weeks, depending on system distance and mission architecture. Thus, brightness increases due to glint are potentially detectable for Earth-like exoplanets for most system inclinations, and phase-dependent spectral PCA could indicate reddening due to glint for a subset of these inclinations.
The Impact of an Intergroup Dialogue Workshop on Culturally Competent Clinical Behaviors in Athletic Trainers
Authors: Claiborne Tina L. , Kochanek Jill , Pangani Jolene F. 
Published: February 2022

ContextAthletic trainers (ATs) possess moderate levels of cultural knowledge and awareness but a lower capacity to demonstrate culturally competent clinical behaviors. Proven educational strategies for improving culturally responsive care have yet to emerge. Intergroup dialogue is a pedagogical approach that may bridge the knowledge-to-practice gap, promote equity, and enhance culturally competent patient care.ObjectiveTo determine the impact of an intergroup dialogue workshop on cultural knowledge and awareness and on clinical behaviors associated with cultural competence.DesignMixed-methods cross-sectional cohort.SettingIn-person workshop and survey with web-based survey follow-up.Patients or Other ParticipantsSixteen practicing ATs.Intervention(s)ATs participated in an intergroup dialogue workshop designed to improve cultural competence. Cultural awareness and sensitivity (CAS) and culturally competent behavioral intentions (CCB) were measured quantitatively using a modified Cultural Competence Assessment. Written survey responses recorded participants' workshop experiences and patterns of culturally competent clinical behaviors.Main Outcome Measure(s)A 2 × 3 analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc (P &lt; .05) calculated differences in the CAS and CCB measurements over time (preworkshop, immediately postworkshop, 6 weeks postworkshop). Written responses were coded to identify common themes, type and frequency of behavior modifications.ResultsThe CAS scores were greater postworkshop when compared to preworkshop values (P = .010), with no further change 6 weeks postworkshop (P = 1.00). The CCB was significantly higher postworkshop (P &lt; .001), and then returned to baseline values 6 weeks postworkshop. Qualitatively, however, there was evidence of sustained behavioral change 6 weeks postworkshop, with a majority (11, 69%) of participants reporting clinical behavior changes.ConclusionsOur results offer initial support for the efficacy of an intergroup dialogue workshop to promote culturally responsive clinical behaviors among ATs. This method may be used by AT educators, coordinators of clinical education, and practitioners to prepare current and future ATs with knowledge and skills to be culturally competent practitioners.
Mobile Health Technologies Are Essential for Reimagining the Future of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene
Authors: E. Stauber Christine , Brown Joe , Bourgeois Anu G. , Palma Fabiana , A. Spears Claire , White Cassandra , Costa Federico 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT.
The new Lancet Commission on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) hopes to reimagine and guide global WASH efforts. This comes at a time when unequal living conditions and global disparities in response and recovery have been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic and recent large impact trials have delivered mostly disappointing results suggesting the need for radically more effective interventions to improve global public health. We find ourselves at an inflection point in global WASH with an opportunity to build new approaches with potentially more equitable, cost-effective, and scalable solutions. Mobile health (mHealth) technology is an important and innovative tool for WASH advances. Yet, the use of mHealth has not been equally distributed in terms of its benefits nor is its impact guaranteed. In resource-constrained settings, where technology can increase inequalities, special attention should be paid to structural and systemic hierarchies during the development of mHealth programs along with the acknowledgment and understanding of how these systems can reinforce the systematic exclusion of those most vulnerable. The WASH sector needs to adapt to a future that is innovative and inclusive with a commitment to rethinking the resources needed to enhance scope and impact. We highlight urban sanitation in Brazil as a case study to demonstrate that mHealth can support and enhance publicly funded infrastructure and to help reimagine WASH for postpandemic and beyond.
Association of COVID19-affected Mental Health with Menstrual Abnormalities among University Students: A cross sectional study from Pakistan
Authors: Samo Ayaz Ali , Baig Nimra Masood , Raheela Bibi Sayed  , Sohail Aisha , Fazila Usman  , Sayeda Jeea Abbas  , Tayyaba Khan  , Laghari Zulfiqar Ali 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Mental health is crucial for wellbeing. COVID-19 pandemic has caused mental health problems. In this study it was hypothesized that COVID19 related mental health disturbances may have impacted the menstrual health. Objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 affected mental health on the menstrual health of university students. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at University of Sindh, Jamshoro between July to August 2021 during fourth wave. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered to collect the data. Healthy unmarried female students were included in the study. Mental health parameters were assessed using DAS Scale. Results: For a total 400 study participants the mean age was 20.82±1.69. The prevalence of mild to severe depression, mild to severe anxiety, and mild to moderate stress was 46.3%, 62% and 29.3% respectively. In moderately depressed females there was an increased prevalence of oligomenorrhea [ꭓ2=34.5 p<0.0001], heavy menstrual blood flow [ꭓ2=21.8 p<0.001], increased duration of menstrual bleeding [ꭓ2=21.56 p<0.001], and heavy menstrual dysmenorrhea [ꭓ2=18.78 p<0.002]. In moderately anxious females there was an increased prevalence of oligomenorrhea [ꭓ2=15.5 p<0.07], heavy menstrual blood flow [ꭓ2=12.4 p<0.03], and increased duration of menstrual bleeding [ꭓ2=21.56 p<0.001]. In moderately stressed females there was increased prevalence of polymenorrhagia [ꭓ2=22.3 p<0.001], increased duration of menstrual bleeding [ꭓ2=24.23 p<0.0001], heavy menstrual dysmenorrhea [ꭓ2=21.28 p<0.01] and secondary amenorrhea [ꭓ2=4.28 p<0.01]. Conclusion: COVID19-affected Mental Health affected menstrual health. Healthcare system of Pakistan should address this issue while planning to mitigate the impacts of COVID-19 on human health.
PERAN FLEKSIBILITAS KOGNITIF PADA PEMAAFAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Setyawan Imam 
Published: February 2022

Pemaafan adalah membebaskan diri dari attachment negatif dari sumber yang telah melakukan pelanggaran terhadap seseorang. Pembebasan diri tersebut terkait dengan kemampuan untuk memindahkan informasi dan menginterpretasikan kembali atau menguraikan kembali suatu hal serta melakukan adaptasi dengan cara-cara yang baru. Fleksibilitas kognitif merupakan karakteristik kepribadian yang berkaitan dengan keberhasilan seseorang dalam mengembangkan suatu kemampuan. Penelitian ini dikembangkan dengan tujuan mendapatkan gambaran peran fleksibilitas kognitif terhadap pemaafan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 56 orang mahasiswa, dengan menggunakan alat pengumpul data berupa Skala Psikologi, yaitu Skala Pemaafan (α=0,93) dan Skala Fleksibilitas Kognitif (α=0,846). Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi, menunjukkan adanya peran positif yang signifikan dari fleksibilitas kognitif pada pemaafan (r=0,462, p= 0.00), dengan sumbangan efektif variabel fleksibilitas kognitif sebesar 21,3% (r2=0,213). Penting bagi mahasiswa yang masih berada dalam usia produktif dalam berinteraksi dan komunikasi untuk mengembangkan secara optimal fleksibilitas kognitifnya dengan kemauan mengubah pendekatan atau cara berpikir yang selalu terbuka melihat hubungan baru antar unsur yang ada di setiap fenomena yang ditemui, untuk mendukung kemampuan memaafkan, pada setiap kemungkinan luka yang muncul dari setiap interaksi intrapersonal dan interpersonal yang dilakukan.
Kata kunci : pemaafan, fleksibilitas kognitif, mahasiswa
Pendidikan Kristen bagi Usia Lanjut di Gereja
Authors: Tobing Nancy F.L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Christian education for the elderly is a teaching task that requires special attention. Because they are present among younger family members with various life problems. The church as a place for implementing Christian education requires educators who understand every struggle of the elderly and are able to contribute to the maturity of the faith of the elderly. This paper describes Christian education for the elderly in the church that can contribute to the congregation in carrying out their role in educating the elderly. The author uses a descriptive method based on the author's experiences and observations with the elderly in the Church. With this method, the writer analyzes to formulate the conception of Christian education learning for older adults. Then the author describes the strategies, principles and practices of Christian education for the elderly. Thus this paper can be useful for readers and educators to carry out the task of Christian education for the elderly in the Church.
Abstrak: Pendidikan Kristen bagi lanjut usia adalah tugas pengajaran yang membutuhkan perhatian khusus. Karena mereka hadir di antara anggota keluarga yang usianya lebih muda dengan persoalan kehidupan yang beragam. Gereja sebagai wadah pelaksanaan pendidikan Kristen membutuhkan pendidik yang memahami setiap pergumulan lansia dan mampu berkontribusi untuk mendewasakan iman lansia. Makalah ini mendeskripsikan tentang pendidikan Kristen bagi lansia di dalam gereja yang dapat berkontribusi bagi warga jemaat dalam menjalankan peran mereka untuk membelajarkan lansia. Penulis menggunakan metode deskripsi yang didasarkan pada pengalaman dan pengamatan penulis bersama para lansia di Gereja. Dengan metode ini, penulis menganalisis untuk merumuskan konsepsi pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen untuk orang dewasa yang lebih tua. Kemudian penulis memaparkan tentang strategi, prinsip dan praktik pendidikan Kristen untuk lanjut usia. Demikianlah makalah ini dapat bermanfaat bagi para pembaca dan para pendidik untuk melaksanakan tugas pendidikan Kristen bagi para lanjut usia di Gereja.
Editorial I
Authors: Scublinsky Darío 
Published: February 2022

En la primera edición del año 2020, se presentan datos del Registro Argentino de Miopatías Inflamatorias de la Sociedad Argentina de Reumatología. En esta ocasión, el registro nos aporta hallazgos significativos en cuanto a los métodos diagnósticos en las miopatías inflamatorias autoinmunes.
García Salinas R. et al presentan un estudio en 106 casos donde se preguntan si los entrenamientos de resonancia magnética en espondiloartritis sirven para mejorar la performance de los reumatólogos para el rconocimiento de secuencias y lesiones. Este estudio está prologado por la Editorial II del Dr. Xenofon Baraliakos.
DEPRESSÃO E DISBIOSE: EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS
Authors: de Castro Anna Carolina Xavier Campos Guimarães , de Sá Mirelli Anicarlos Ferreira Paula , Santos Maria Fernanda Santa Rosa , Tamelini Sthefani Lima , Aguiar Milene Fernandes , Rosado Giovanna de Paula , De Oliveira Rafaela Bergmann Strada , de Souza Carolina Soares Horta , Miranda Lidiane Paula Ardisson 
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A literatura aponta que a depressão pode estar associada com um desiquilíbrio no eixo cérebro-intestino-microbiota. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre a disbiose edepressão. Metodologia: A busca por artigos foi realizada nas seguintesbases de dados: Pubmed, Google Acadêmico, LILACS e Scielo, publicados entre os anos de 2010 e 2021, utilizando os descritores “disbiose intestinal”, “microbiota”, “depressão”. Resultados: Foram encontrados 337 artigos, publicados entre 2012 a 2021 e utilizamos 9artigos que compõem essa revisão de literatura. Resultados: Os relatos demonstram que há uma desbalanço entre as bactérias encontradas em indivíduos saudáveis comparado com os pacientes com depressão, sugerindo que as bactérias da microbiota intestinal têm um papel no desenvolvimento e ou manutenção da depressão. Entretanto, as pesquisas se apresentam sem um padrão microbiológico característico, o qual pode ser influenciada por padrões dietéticos, étnicos ou devido a presença de co-morbidades. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de haver fortes indícios que existe correlação entre a depressão e a disbiose, mais estudos são necessários para traçar o mecanismo completo entre estas duas condições.
Effects of Urban Tree Management and Species Selection on Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Nowak David J. , Stevens Jack C. , Sisinni Susan M. , Luley Christopher J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTrees sequester and store carbon in their tissue at differing rates and amounts based on such factors as tree size at maturity, life span, and growth rate. Concurrently, tree care practices release carbon back to the atmosphere based on fossil-fuel emissions from maintenance equipment (e.g., chain saws, trucks, chippers). Management choices such as tree locations for energy conservation and tree disposal methods after removal also affect the net carbon effect of the urban forest. Different species, decomposition, energy conservation, and maintenance scenarios were evaluated to determine how these factors influence the net carbon impact of urban forests and their management. If carbon (via fossil-fuel combustion) is used to maintain vegetation structure and health, urban forest ecosystems eventually will become net emitters of carbon unless secondary carbon reductions (e.g., energy conservation) or limiting decomposition via long-term carbon storage (e.g., wood products, landfills) can be accomplished to offset the maintenance carbon emissions. Management practices to maximize the net benefits of urban forests on atmospheric carbon dioxide are discussed.
Changes in Chemical Components of Leaf Litter ofGinkgo bilobaDuring Mulching
Authors: Jin Zhenfu , Chung Byung Yeoup , Iiyama Kenji , Watanabe Satomi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe biological decomposition and chemical changes of leaf litter ofGinkgo bilobaboth at the surface and bottom layers were studied for 1 year. The changes in components such as the yields of 80% ethanol and water extractives, neutral sugars, uronic acids, Klason residues, acid-soluble phenolics, ash, nitrogen, and carbon were investigated. There were great drops of the yields of 80% ethanol extractives and water extractives in both surface and bottom mulch layers. Klason residues and sugars were the major components of the solid residues. The Klason residues lost 2.2% and 30.5% of their initial mass at the surface and bottom layers, respectively, during mulching. The total losses of the neutral sugars were 71.6% at the surface layer and 89.3% at the bottom layer. These results implied that the Klason residues were the most important inner component restraining the decomposition of the leaf litter ofG. bilobaand all analyzed cell wall components at the bottom layer had faster decomposition rates than those at the surface layer. Nitrogen content increased during one year of mulching, while changes in carbon contents were less than 1% throughout experiment.
Identification of Drought-Tolerant Woody Perennials Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence
Authors: Percival Glynn C. , Sheriffs Colin N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to determine whether chlorophyll fluorescence values obtained from excised leaves of woody plants subjected to dehydrationin vitroprovided a measurable indicator of whole-plant performance following droughtin situand to gain a greater understanding of alterations in leaf photosynthetic properties between species. Based on reductions in photochemical efficiency, as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence, of detached leaves of 30 woody plantsin vitrofollowing 24 hours of dehydration, plants were ranked in order of tolerance. Five species identified as drought tolerant, intermediate, and sensitive were subjected to 70 days of drought under glasshouse conditions. Based on mortality rates at day 70, drought tolerance followed the same order as that obtainedin vitro. In addition, reductions in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic rates of whole plants mirrored tolerance rankingin vitro(i.e., rates declined most rapidly in species identified as dehydration sensitive and least in species identified as drought tolerant). Alteration to leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the test species highlighted a number of previously unreported effects on the leaf photosynthetic apparatus in response to drought. Results strongly indicate that screening of detached leaf materialin vitrousing chlorophyll fluorescence can provide a means of gauging the drought tolerance of plants with limited whole-plant experimentation.
Future Directions for Urban Forestry Research in the United States
Authors: Dwyer John F. , Nowak David J. , Watson Gary W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUrban forestry research promises to continue to be an integral part of the growth and development of forestry in urban and urbanizing areas of the United States. The future is expected to bring increased emphasis on research in support of the care of trees and other plants, ecological restoration, and comprehensive and adaptive management across the landscape. Particular emphasis will be needed on research to guide improvements in urban forest health; ecological restoration techniques; resource inventory and monitoring; dialogue among forest resource owners, managers, and uses; collaboration among agencies and groups; how forest configurations influence forest use and benefits; and dissemination of information about urban forests and their management.
PEMBERIAN MANAJEMEN STRES PASKA BANJIR SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN JIWA MASYARAKAT PAKU ALAM KECAMATAN SUNGAI TABUK KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Rahman Subhannur , Basit Mohammad , Tasalim Rian , Mahmudah Rifa’atul 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAKBencana banjir merupakan salah satu bencana alam yang dapat mengakibatkan berbagai macamdampak masalah kesehatan, baik masalah fisik ataupun masalah kejiwaan pada setiap orang.Timbulnya masalah kesehatan jiwa bisa disebabkan karena adanya trauma tersendiri danberkepanjangan dari para penyintas yang pernah berada dikondisi bencana banjir. Berdasarkan hasilsurvey yang dilakukan di Desa Paku Alam Kecamatan Sungai Tabuk didapatkan data bahwa sebagian besarmasyarakat disana mengalami stres, kecemasan, depresi bahkan sampai dengan PTSD (Post Trauma StressDisorder). Upaya promosi kesehatan jiwa yang dilakukan pemerintah belum maksimal menjangkaumasyarakat yang ada di Desa Paku Alam Kecematan Sungai Tabuk Kabupaten Banjar. Hal ini dibuktikandengan belum adanya kader kesehatan jiwa di Desa Paku Alam. Pelayanan kesehatan jiwa masih berfokuspada upaya kuratif seperti rujukan pasien yang mengalami masalah kesehatan jiwa. Apabila upaya promotifdan preventif kesehatan jiwa tidak segera dilakukan maka angka masalah kejiwaan dan gangguan jiwa dapatmeningkat di Desa tersebut. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk memelihara, menjaga danmeningkatkan kesehatan jiwa paska bencana banjir adalah dengan cara mengelola stres atau manajemenstres. Manajemen stres adalah salah satu upaya dimana individu melakukan pengontrolan atau pengaturanstres. Tujuannnya agar masyarakat Desa Paku Alam mengenal penyebab stres dan mengetahui tehniktehnik mengelola stres, sehingga lebih baik dalam menguasai stres dalam kehidupan, dan pada akhirnyakondisi sehat mental dapat dicapai secara optimal.
Kata Kunci : Kesehatan Jiwa, Manajemen Stres, Paska Banjir.