bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Frailty on Treatment Outcomes for Elderly Patients with Gastric Cancer Undergoing Gastrectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sakurai Katsunobu , Kubo Naoshi , Hasegawa Tsuyoshi , Tamamori Yutaka , Fukui Yasuhiro , Kuroda Kenji , Maeda Kiyoshi , Nishiguchi Yukio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective. The aim of this study was to elucidate treatment outcomes for frail patients with gastric cancer (GC) who undergo gastrectomy.Methods. Frailty was assessed preoperatively by frailty index (FI) in 209 patients aged 65 and over undergoing gastrectomy for GC. Patients were assigned into two groups (frail vs. non-frail). Short-term outcomes and loss of independence (LOI) after discharge were compared. Results. Frail patients undergoing gastrectomy had more intraoperative blood transfusions, longer hospital stays, and higher medical costs. The overall complication rate was significantly higher in frail patients. Pneumonia and urinary tract infections were more frequent in the frail patients. In multivariate analysis for LOI after discharge, frailty, older age (≧ 75 years), and open surgery were independent risk factors. A risk score assigning 1 point for each of these variables was useful in predicting postoperative LOI (LOI: score 0, 6.8%; score 1, 26.1%; score 2, 47.6%; score 3, 100%; area under the curve [AUC]=0.748.) Conclusions. Frailty is associated with LOI after gastrectomy in elderly GC patients. A simple risk score assigning points for frailty, age ≧75, and open surgery was an accurate predictor of postoperative LOI. We propose that frailty screening should be applied for all elderly GC patients before surgery.
Increased wintertime European atmospheric blocking frequencies in General Circulation Models with a coupled eddy-permitting ocean
Authors: Michel Simon , Heydt Anna von der , Westen René van , Baatsen Michiel , Dijkstra Henk 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Midlatitude atmospheric blockings are important drivers of long-lasting extreme weather conditions at regional to continental scales. However, modern climate models consistently underestimate their frequency of occurrence compared to observations, casting doubt on future projections of climate extremes. Using the prominent and largely underestimated winter blockings in Europe as a test case, this study first introduces a spatio-temporal approach to study blocking activity based on a clustering technique, allowing to assess models' ability to simulate both realistic frequencies and locations of blockings. A sensitivity analysis from an ensemble of 22 coupled climate models shows that the presence of a mesoscale eddy-permitting ocean model increases the realism of simulated blockings for almost all types of patterns clustered from observations. This finding is further explained and supported by concomitant reductions in well-documented biases of large-scale atmospheric and oceanic features, namely Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current positions and the midlatitude jet stream variability.
Stability analysis of Vibrational System of Shallow Layers repleted with Random Swimming Gyrotactic Microorganisms
Authors: Kushwaha A. K. , Sharma Y. D. , Sharma A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With random swimming model, investigation of onset of thermo-bioconvection in a horizontal fluid shallow layers of finite depth heated from below with vertical vibration is performed. A time averaged method and linear stability analysis are utilized to find the governing equations. For rigid as well as stress-free top layers, the secular equation is derived in terms of vibrational Rayleigh number and bioconvection Rayleigh number with the help of Galerkin method. It is found that vertical vibration always destabilize the suspension due to shallow layers i.e., increasing thermo-bioconvection heat transfer from higher to lower regions. Under vertical vibration, the model is more stable for rigid-upper layer than stress-free upper layer.
Time Domain Analysis of Fiber Bragg Structures
Authors: AKOND MOHAMMAD SHAHED 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Time domain analysis is performed on the ultra-short pulsed beam propagating through the fiber bragg grating (FBG) structures. Widely known one way Beam Propagation Method (BPM) is formulated in time domain and applied on the uniform and non-uniform FBG structures. Spectral analysis, which is one of the noteworthy benefit of the TD analysis, is performed from pulsed beam at different stages, and consequently, transmission and reflection coefficient is analyzed. Dimensions of the FBG structures are chosen from the FimmProp software tools used for the same kind of structures, and compared thereof. A satisfactory comparative results are found while doing the comparison.
Immediate improvements in post-stroke gait biomechanics are induced with both real-time limb position and propulsive force biofeedback
Authors: Santucci Vincent , Alam Zahin , Liu Justin , Spencer Jacob , Faust Alec , Cobb Aijalon , Konantz Joshua , Eicholtz Steven , Wolf Steven , Kesar Trisha M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Paretic propulsion (measured as anteriorly-directed ground reaction forces (AGRF)) and trailing limb angle (TLA) show robust inter-relationships, and represent two key modifiable post-stroke gait variables that have biomechanical and clinical relevance. Our recent work demonstrated that real-time biofeedback is a feasible paradigm for modulating AGRF and TLA in able-bodied participants. However, the effects of TLA biofeedback on gait biomechanics of post-stroke individuals are poorly understood. Thus, our objective was to investigate the effects of unilateral, real-time, audiovisual TLA biofeedback on gait biomechanics in post-stroke individuals.
Methods
Nine post-stroke individuals (6 males, age 63 ± 9.8 years, 44.9 months post-stroke) participated in a single session of gait analysis comprised of three types of walking trials: no biofeedback, AGRF biofeedback, and TLA biofeedback. Biofeedback unilaterally targeted deficits on the paretic limb. Dependent variables included peak AGRF, TLA, and ankle plantarflexor moment. One-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni-corrected post-hoc comparisons were conducted to detect the effect of biofeedback on gait biomechanics variables.
Results
Compared to no-biofeedback, both AGRF and TLA biofeedback induced unilateral increases in paretic AGRF. TLA biofeedback induced significantly larger increases in paretic TLA than AGRF biofeedback. Only AGRF biofeedback increased ankle moment. Both types of biofeedback specifically targeted the paretic limb without inducing changes in the non-paretic limb.
Conclusions
By showing comparable increases in paretic limb gait biomechanics in response to both TLA and AGRF biofeedback, our novel findings provide the rationale and feasibility of paretic TLA as a gait biofeedback target for post-stroke individuals. Additionally, our results provide potential insights into divergent biomechanical mechanisms underlying improvements in post-stroke gait induced by these two biofeedback targets. We lay the groundwork for future investigations incorporating greater dosages and longer-term therapeutic effects of TLA biofeedback as a stroke gait rehabilitation strategy.
Clinical Trial Registration
: NCT03466372
Clinical characteristics of nasolacrimal duct obstruction after Iodine Therapy of DTC patients
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Wanchun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim was to analyze clinical characteristics of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction after 131I therapy and provide guidance for clinical decision-making. Methods: Thirty one DTC patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction were retrospectively enrolled from the Nuclear Medicine Department of Shanxi Bethune Hospital during follow-up of 131I therapy between June 2018 and March 2021.Sixty one thyroid cancer patients without nasolacrimal duct obstruction after 131I therapy were also enrolled to act as a control group. Clinical characteristics, including sex, age, dose, positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), metastasis and nasal uptake, were analyzed by χ2 test and logistic multifactor regression. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in patients’ nasal uptake after 131I therapy according to gender (11.8% : 38.7%), age (5.6% : 51.1%), dose (3.4% : 47.6%), stage (18.5% : 70.4%) and iodine uptake (83.3% : 30.2%). There was no significant difference in the proportion of TGAb positive and negative patients according to 131I therapy (χ2=0.27, P=0.782). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender (2.59), age (1.45), dose (2.36), whether there was iodine uptake of metastatic foci (1.93) and whether there was nasal uptake of iodine (1.70) were all statistically significant influential factors of lacrimal discharge symptoms after iodine therapy. Conclusion: Patients who were over 50, women, had metastatic iodine uptake, received a dose > 5.55GBq and had nasal intake of 131I were more likely to have nasolacrimal duct obstruction. When determining therapeutic doses of 131I, doctors should weigh multiple factors and suggest that high risk populations be referred to the appropriate ophthalmic surgery for timely diagnosis and therapy.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Transition of HIPEC- Induced Acute Kidney Injury to Acute Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lu Yunwei , Zhao Xiujuan , Ye Yingjiang , Li Shu , Guo Fuzheng , Xue Haiyan , Zhu Fengxue 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has benefited selected patients with peritoneal malignancies. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is recognized as a common complication following the CRS-HIPEC procedure. Characterized with prolonged renal function impairment, acute kidney disease (AKD) is associated with a higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality. Unlike AKI, accurate estimates of the prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of AKD have not been thoroughly studied. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2021, a total of 158 patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were separated into non-AKI, AKI, and AKD cohorts. Laboratory parameters and perioperative features were gathered to evaluate risk factors for both HIPEC-induced AKI and AKD, with the 90-day prognosis of AKD patients. Results: AKI developed in 21.5% of patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC, while 13.3% of patients progress to AKD. The multivariate analysis identified that ascites, GRAN%, eGFR, and intraoperative hypotension duration were associated with the development of HIPEC-induced AKI. Higher uric acid, elevated eGFR, and prolonged intraoperative hypotension duration were more predominant in patients proceeding with AKD. The AKD cohort presented a higher risk of 30 days of in-hospital mortality (14.3%) and CKD progression (42.8%).Conclusions: Our study reveals that the incidence of AKI and AKI-to-AKD transition are high. Early identification of risk factors for HIPEC-induced AKD would assist clinicians in taking measures to mitigate the incidence.
Crossed cerebellar diaschisis worsens the clinical presentation in acute large vessel occlusion
Authors: Abderrakib Anissa , Ligot Noemie , Torcida Nathan , Sadeghi Niloufar , Naeije Gilles 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Purpose Initial NIHSS in anterior large vessel occlusion (LVO) correlates partially with the hypoperfusion volume. We aimed at assessing the contribution of crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) from the hypo-perfused territory on LVO initial clinical deficit.MethodCCD was retrospectively identified by brain CT perfusion imaging (CTP) in patients with anterior LVO treated by mechanical thrombectomy (MT) from January 2017 to July 2021. CCD was defined by CTP parameters alteration in contralateral cerebellar hemisphere to the LVO. NIHSS, clinical/perfusion variables and CCD were included in regression models to assess their inter-relationships.Results206 patients were included. CCD was present in 90 patients (69%). NIHSS scores were higher on admission and at stroke discharge among patients with CCD (17.90 ± 6.1vs 11.4 ± 8.4, p <0.001; 9.6 ± 7.7 vs 6.6 ± 7.9, p = 0.049 respectively). Patients with a CCD had higher stroke volumes (118.2 ± 60.3 vs 69.3 ± 59.7, p<0.001) and lower rate of known atrial fibrillation (22 % vs 41%, p = 0.021). On multivariable logistic regression, CCD independently worsened initial NIHSS (OR 4.85 (2.37-7.33); p<0.001).ConclusionCCD is found in 69% of LVO on admission CTP, correlates with stroke volumes and independently worsens initial NIHSS.
Taxonomic composition, community structure and molecular novelty of microeukaryotes in a temperate oligomesotrophic lake as revealed by metabarcoding
Authors: Mitsi Konstantina , Richter Daniel J. , Arroyo Alicia S. , López-Escardó David , Antó Meritxell , Guillén Antonio , Ruiz-Trillo Iñaki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Microbial eukaryotes are diverse and ecologically important organisms, yet sampling constraints have hindered the understanding of their distribution and diversity in freshwater ecosystems. Metabarcoding has provided a powerful complement to traditional limnological studies, revealing an unprecedented diversity of protists in freshwater environments. Here, we aim to expand our knowledge of the ecology and diversity of protists in lacustrine ecosystems by targeting the V4 hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene in water column, sediment and biofilm samples collected from Sanabria Lake (Spain) and surrounding freshwater ecosystems. Sanabria is a temperate lake, which are relatively understudied by metabarcoding in comparison to alpine and polar lakes. The phylogenetic diversity of microbial eukaryotes detected in Sanabria span all currently recognized eukaryotic supergroups, with Stramenopiles being the most abundant and diverse supergroup in all sampling sites. Parasitic microeukaryotes account for 21% of the total protist ASVs identified in our study and were dominated by Chytridiomycota, both in terms of richness and abundance in all sampling sites. Sediments, biofilms and water column samples harbour distinct microbial communities. Phylogenetic placement of poorly assigned and abundant ASVs indicates molecular novelty inside Rhodophyta, Bigyra, early-branching Nucletmycea and Apusomonadida. In addition, we report the first freshwater incidence of the previously exclusively marine genera Abeoforma and Sphaeroforma. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of microeukaryotic communities in freshwater ecosystems, and provide the first molecular reference for future biomonitoring surveys in Sanabria Lake.
A CT-based nomogram for differentiating invasive fungal disease of the lung from bacterial pneumonia
Authors: Gong Meilin , Xu Jingmei , Li Kang , Li Ke , Xia Yuwei , Chen Jiafei , Li Jing , Yang Jing , Du Mingshan , Hou Wenjing , Ou Yuan , Li Lian , Chen Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background There is an annual increase in the incidence of invasive fungal disease (IFD) of the lung in the world, but it is always a challenge for physicians to make a early diagnosis of IFD of the lung.Methods A total of 214 patients with IFD of the lung or clinically confirmed BP were retrospectively enrolled from two institutions (171 patients from one institution in the training set and 43 patients from another institution in the test set). The features of thoracic CT images of the 214 patients were analyzed on the picture archiving and communication system by two radiologists, and these CT images were importe d into RadCloud to perform radiomics analysis. A clinical model from radiologic analysis、a radiomics model from radiomic analysis and a combined model from integrating radiologic and radiomic analysis was constructed in the training set, and a nomogram based the combined model was further developed. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to assess the diagnostic performance of three models. Decision curve analysis(DCA) was conducted to evaluate clinical utility of three models by estimating the net benefit at a range of threshold probabilities.Results The combined model had the most excellent diagnostic performance with both the training set (AUC: 0.944) and test set (AUC: 0.911) in differentiating IFD of lung from BP among three models, and obtained the greatest net benefit among three models by DCA. Conclusion Our proposed nomogram, based on a combined model integrating radiologic and radiomics analysis, has a powerful predictive capability for differentiating IFD from BP. A good clinical outcome could be obtained using our nomogram.
Investigating and Improving Common Loop Closure Failures in Visual SLAM
Authors: Khaliq Saran , Anjum Muhammad Latif , Hussain Wajahat , Khattak Muhammad Uzair , Rasool Momen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We analyse, for the first time, the popular loop closing module of a well known and widely used open-source visual SLAM (ORB-SLAM) pipeline. Investigating failures in the loop closure module of visual SLAM is challenging since it consists of multiple building blocks. Our meticulous investigations have revealed few interesting findings. Contrary to reported results, ORB-SLAM frequently misses large fraction of loop closures on public (KITTI, TUM RGB-D) datasets. One common assumption is, in such scenarios, the visual place recognition (vPR) block of the loop closure module is unable to find a suitable match due to extreme conditions (dynamic scene, viewpoint/scale changes). We report that native vPR of ORB-SLAM is not the sole reason for these failures. Although recent deep vPR alternatives achieve impressive matching performance, replacing native vPR with these deep alternatives will only partially improve loop closure performance of visual SLAM.
Our findings suggest that the problem lies with the subsequent relative pose estimation module between the matching pair. Surprisingly, using off-the-shelf SIFT based relative pose estimation (non real-time) manages to close most of the loops missed by ORB-SLAM. This significant performance gap between the two available methods suggests that ORB-SLAM’s pipeline can be further matured by focussing on the relative pose estimators, to improve loop closure performance , rather than investing more resources on improving vPR. We also evaluate deep alternatives for relative pose estimation in the context of loop closures. Interestingly, the performance of deep relocalization methods (e.g. MapNet) is worse than classic methods even in loop closures scenarios. This finding further supports the fundamental limitation of deep relocalization methods recently diagnosed.
Finally, we expose the bias in the well known public dataset (KITTI) due to which these commonly occurring failures have alluded the community. We augment the KITTI dataset with detailed loop closing labels. In order to com-pentsate for the bias in the public datasets, we provide a challenging loop closure dataset which contains challenging yet commonly occurring indoor navigation scenarios with loop closures. We hope our findings and the accompanying dataset will help the community in further improving the popular ORB-SLAM’s pipeline.
Visual outcomes of photorefractive keratectomy in the treatment of moderate to high astigmatism
Authors: Farsiani Amir Reza , Zarei-Ghanavati Mehran , Latifi Golshan , Pirzadeh Marzieh , Rezaei Saeed , Ghassemi Hamed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) results in patients with moderate to high astigmatism.Methods: 112 eyes of 71 patients with a cylindrical component of greater than 3 diopters (D) who have undergone PRK were reviewed retrospectively. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and subjective refraction before and after surgery (1, 3, 6, 12 months) were extracted.Results: The mean age of patients was 28±6 (33 females and 79 men). The preoperative mean spherical equivalent (SE) was -3.39 ± 1.82 D (range 2.50 to −9.00 D), and the mean cylinder was -3.76 ± 0.78 D (range −3.00 to −6.00 D). The mean postoperative cylinder values were -0.73 ± 0.49 D, -0.72 ± 0.46 D, -0.58 ± 0.48 D, and -0.4 ± 0.63 D at 1- month, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month visits, respectively. The 12-month efficacy and safety indices were 0.92 ± 0.14 and 0.99 ± 0.10, respectively. The postoperative residual astigmatism was 0.5 D or less in 50% of the eyes. A higher amount of residual astigmatism was observed in the high astigmatism group (Cylinder ≥ 4.00D). Furthermore, postoperative residual astigmatism was correlated with lower preoperative CDVA and mitomycin C time, as well as, higher preoperative cylinder (P <0.001). The target induced astigmatism (TIA), surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), and difference vector (DV) were significantly higher in the high astigmatism group at the 12-month follow-up (p <0.001). The angle of error was ±5 degrees in 71% and ±15 degrees in 99% of the eyes.Conclusions: PRK is an effective, and predictable method for the correction of moderate to high astigmatism; however, higher residual astigmatism remains in patients with high astigmatism despite the higher levels of correction.
Is the Internet Usage Time or Internet Use Under Parenteral Supervision Related to Depressive Symptoms in Children During the Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Kılıç Betül Orhan , Kılıç Serhat , Gül Eylem , Konuksever Dilek , İlarslan Nisa Eda Çullas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Invasive Aedes japonicus mosquitoes dominate the Aedes fauna collected with gravid traps inWooster, northeastern Ohio, USA
Authors: Nanfack-Minkeu Ferdinand , Delong Alexander , Luri Moses , Poelstra Jelmer W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aedes japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae), or the Asian rock pool mosquito, is an invasive mosquito in Europe and America. It was first detected outside of Asia in 1990 in Oceania. It has since expanded to North America and Europe in 1998 and 2000, respectively. International sale of used tires and the ability of the mosquito to tolerate low temperatures and colonize several biotopes have contributed to its expansion. Even though it is classified as a secondary vector of pathogens, it is competent to several arboviruses and filarial worms, and it is contributing to the transmission of La Crosse virus (LACV) and West Nile virus (WNV). In addition, in some areas, Ae. japonicus outcompetes primary vectors of arboviruses such as Culex species, suggesting that an increase in its density and distribution may represent a major threat to public health. In this study, CDC light, BG-sentinel, and gravid traps were used to collect Ae. japonicus between June and October 2021, in Wooster, Northeastern Ohio, USA. We sequenced a region of the COI gene and performed a phylogenetic analysis to confirm the identity of the collected mosquitos. Our results revealed that (adult) Ae. japonicus mosquitoes were the most abundant mosquito species collected with gravid traps in Wooster in 2021, confirming its establishment in Ohio. All morphologically identified Ae. japonicus were molecularly confirmed, with several showing 100% nucleotide similarity with Ae. japonicus collected in Iowa (USA), and Canada. Its presence may increase the risk of future arbovirus outbreaks. This study stresses the importance of actively monitoring the density and distribution of all members of the Ae. japonicus complex.