bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miaodigounization and Erlitounization: the formation and evolution of the Hua-Xia ethnic group and Hua-Xia tradition from the perspective of archaeology
Authors: Bingwu Cao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhat is Hua-Xia? How and when did the Hua-Xia ethnic group and Hua-Xia tradition come into being? As the spatial and temporal framework, the connotative features and the genealogy of the archaeological culture become increasingly clear, we can identify two important periods of prehistoric archaeological cultures that may have played key roles in the formation of the Hua-Xia ethnic group and its cultural identity. First is the Yangshao Culture (especially its Miaodigou Era), which was formed at the middle Neolithic age. During this period, agriculture was established as the main economic base, resulting in massive population growth, as well as rapid expansion of painted pottery, unique artifact collections and other highly consistent material culture, from the Central Plains of China to the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River and beyond. Based on recent genetic, linguistic and other multidisciplinary research, it can be roughly confirmed that this culture is the archaeological manifestation of the emergence and formation of the Sino-Tibetan language family with a large population and a vast territory, so it is of fundamental significance for the formation of the Hua-Xia tradition in terms of ethnicity, language and culture. Second is the Erlitou Culture, which rose in the heart of the Central Plains of China after the Longshan Era, and stood out again in the Yangshao homeland in the competition among the regional cultural traditions of the early Chinese interaction circle after the collapse of the Yangshao Culture. Absorbing all the advanced cultural factors known at that time, it became the mainstream cultural tradition and great civilization tradition, including the political tradition, the ideological tradition, the lineage system and the unity and coherence in writing. The Erlitou Culture provided world views, values, even the instrumental systems and political institutions for the continuation of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties to identify and follow, which roughly corresponded to the rise of the Xia dynasty as depicted in the literature. Thus, if Miaodigounization, with its great integration and expansion feature, was acclaimed as the foundation of the Hua-Xia tradition, Erlitounization enabled the establishment of Hua-Xia mainstream tradition.
Chronic neck pain and respiratory dysfunction: a review paper
Authors: Nair Shruti P. , Panchabhai Chaitrali S. , Panhale Vrushali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Neck pain is one of the most frequently reported musculoskeletal complaints among adults; its prevalence in the world is ranging from 16.7 to 75.1%. It can have an impact on a person’s physical, psychological, and social well-being. Along with pain, disability, muscle weakness, and alterations in the posture, neck pain patients are likely to develop affection of the respiratory function as reported in numerous studies. However, these patients are primarily managed with a musculoskeletal perspective with little or no emphasis to the changes observed in the respiratory system. There is a paucity of literature evaluating the need for respiratory rehabilitation in these patients.

Main body
All relevant published literature related to respiratory dysfunction in patients with chronic neck pain were critically reviewed in this study. Patients having chronic neck pain were found to have alterations in respiratory function in terms of reduced lung volumes, reduced chest mobility, and decreased respiratory muscle strength. Various factors such as decreased cervical range of motion, decreased strength of deep neck flexors and extensors, forward head posture, and pain are known to cause these dysfunctions. Respiratory system intervention in the form of breathing re-education and respiratory exercises are significantly proven to improve treatment outcomes.

Conclusion
There is limited literature relating to respiratory dysfunction and its management in neck pain patients. Incorporation of both respiratory and musculoskeletal assessments can enhance their treatment outcomes. Additionally, it can be suggested to consider intervention in the form of respiratory rehabilitation while strategizing treatment goals for these patients.
Disparities in Cancer Genetic Testing and Variants of Uncertain Significance in the Hispanic Population of South Texas
Authors: Soewito Stephanie , Wyatt Rachel , Berenson Emily , Poullard Natalie , Gessay Shawn , Mette Lindsey , Marin Elena , Shelby Kristin , Alvarez Elise , Choi Byeong Yeob , Aviles Clarissa , Pulido-Saldivar Anna Maria , Otto Pamela M. , Jatoi Ismail , Ramamurthy Chethan , Ignatius Myron , Kaklamani Virginia G. , Tomlinson Gail E. 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE: Racial and ethnic disparities have included a lack of access to both genetic testing and research, resulting in poor understanding of the genomic architecture in under-represented populations. The South Texas population is primarily of Hispanic background and has been largely devoid of genetic services. We extended access to this underserved population and uncovered genetic variants previously not observed, emphasizing the need to continually improve both genomic databases and clarification of variant significance to provide meaningful patient counseling. METHODS: This study consisted of a retrospective cohort review of patients seen through a cancer genetics education and service program across 24 counties in South Texas. In total, 1,595 individuals were identified as appropriate for cancer genetic counseling and 1,377 completed genetic testing. RESULTS: Eighty percent of those receiving genetic counseling self-identified as Hispanic, 16% as non-Hispanic White (NHW), 3% as African American, and 1% as other race/ethnicity. Of reported variants, 18.8% were pathogenic and 13.7% were reported as a variant of uncertain significance (VUS). VUS was reported in 17.2% of the Hispanic individuals compared with 9% NHW ( P = .005). CONCLUSION: Individuals of Hispanic ethnicity were significantly more likely to harbor a VUS compared with NHW. The extended reach into our regional communities revealed a gap in the ability to accurately interpret genomic variation with implications for advising patients on screening, prevention, and management strategies. A higher percentage of VUS also emphasizes the challenge of continued follow-up amid existing barriers that led to disparities in access. As understanding of the variants develops, hopefully gaps in knowledge of the genomic landscape will be lessened with increased clarity to provide accurate cancer risk assessment and recommendations for implementing prevention initiatives.
Patterns of Colorectal Cancer in Texas Counties From 2000 to 2017
Authors: LaPelusa Michael , Diaz Fernando , Machiorlatti Michael 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE: Residents living in Texas counties along the United States–Mexico border make up a unique demographic. These counties consist of a large proportion of Hispanic-Latinx people who experience a high rate of health uninsurance and underinsurance, low household income averages, and, as a whole, exhibiting relatively poor health outcomes compared to the US general population. Limited information exists regarding the effects of these characteristics on the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: Using data from the Texas Department of State Health Service, we calculated that the overall age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) of CRC was lower and decreased at a slower rate over time in Texas border counties compared with nonborder counties in Texas. RESULTS: The AAIR of CRC was lower and decreased at a slower rate over time in Texas border counties compared with nonborder counties in Texas. Conversely to other groups analyzed, the AAIR of CRC in individuals age 50-64 years in border counties increased. CONCLUSION: These findings are likely a reflection of less utilization of cancer screening in border counties than in nonborder counties. The increase in AAIR of CRC among individuals age 50-64 years in border counties warrants further investigation.
Negative Ultraselection of Patients With RAS/BRAF Wild-Type, Microsatellite-Stable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Anti–EGFR-Based Therapy
Authors: Randon Giovanni , Maddalena Giulia , Germani Marco Maria , Pircher Chiara Carlotta , Manca Paolo , Bergamo Francesca , Giordano Mirella , Sposetti Caterina , Montagna Aldo , Vetere Guglielmo , Zambelli Luca , Rasola Cosimo , Boccaccino Alessandra , Pagani Filippo , Ambrosini Margherita , Massafra Marco , Fontanini Gabriella , Milione Massimo , Fassan Matteo , Cremolini Chiara , Lonardi Sara , Pietrantonio Filippo 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE Several uncommon genomic alterations beyond RAS and BRAFV600E mutations drive primary resistance to anti–epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Our PRESSING panel (including PIK3CA exon 20/ AKT1/ PTEN mutations, ERBB2/ MET amplifications, gene fusions, and microsatellite instability-high status) represented a paradigm of negative hyperselection with more precise tailoring of EGFR blockade. However, a modest proportion of hyperselected mCRC has intrinsic resistance potentially driven by even rarer genomic alterations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective data set at three Italian Academic Hospitals included 650 patients with mCRC with comprehensive genomic profiling by FoundationOne CDx and treated with anti-EGFRs. PRESSING2 panel alterations were selected on the basis of previous clinico-biologic studies and included NTRKs, ERBB3, NF1, MAP2K1/ 2/ 4, AKT2 pathogenic mutations; PTEN/ NF1 loss; ERBB3, FGFR2, IGF1R, KRAS, ARAF, and AKT1-2 amplification; and EGFR rearrangements. These were collectively associated with outcomes in patients with hyperselected disease, ie, RAS/ BRAF wild-type, PRESSING-negative, and microsatellite stable. RESULTS Among 162 hyperselected patients, 24 (15%) had PRESSING2 alterations, which were mutually exclusive except in two samples and were numerically higher in right-sided versus left-sided cancers (28% v 13%; P = .149). Independently of sidedness and other factors, patients with PRESSING2-positive status had significantly worse progression-free survival and overall survival compared with PRESSING2-negative ones (median progression-free survival: 6.4 v 12.8 months, adjusted hazard ratio 4.19 [95% CI, 2.58 to 6.79]; median overall survival: 22.6 v 49.9 months, adjusted hazard ratio 2.98 [95% CI, 1.49 to 5.96]). The combined analysis of primary tumor sidedness and PRESSING2 status allowed us to better stratify outcomes. CONCLUSION Negative ultraselection warrants further investigation with the aim of maximizing the benefit of EGFR blockade strategies in patients with RAS and BRAF wild-type, microsatellite stable mCRC.
Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Intraperitoneal Chloroprocaine After Fetal Extraction in Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Togioka Brandon M. , Zarnegarnia Yalda , Bleyle Lisa A. , Koop Dennis , Brookfield Kathleen , Yanez N. David , Treggiari Miriam M. 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:
Intraperitoneal chloroprocaine has been used during cesarean delivery to supplement suboptimal neuraxial anesthesia for decades. The short in vitro half-life of chloroprocaine (11–21 seconds) has been cited to support the safety of this approach. However, there are no data regarding the rate of absorption, representing patient drug exposure, through this route of administration. Accordingly, we designed a study to determine the in vivo half-life of intraperitoneal chloroprocaine and assess clinical tolerability.

METHODS:
We designed a single-center, prospective, cohort, multiple-dose escalation study of women 18 to 50 years of age undergoing cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia. Chloroprocaine (40 mL) was administered after delivery of the newborn and before uterine closure. The first cohort (n = 5) received 1%, the second cohort (n = 5) received 2%, and the third cohort (n = 5) received 3% chloroprocaine solution. Maternal blood samples were obtained before administration and 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after dosing. The primary objective was to define the pharmacokinetic profile of intraperitoneal chloroprocaine, including in vivo half-life. The secondary objective was to evaluate tolerability through determination of peak plasma concentration and prospective assessment for local anesthetic systemic toxicity.

RESULTS:
The peak plasma concentration occurred 5 minutes after intraperitoneal administration in all 3 cohorts: 64.8 ng/mL (6.5 µg/kg), 28.7 ng/mL (2.9 µg/kg), and 799.2 ng/mL (79.9 µg/kg) for 1%, 2%, and 3% chloroprocaine, respectively. The in vivo half-life of chloroprocaine after intraperitoneal administration was estimated to be 5.3 minutes (95% confidence interval, 4.0–6.6). We did not detect clinical signs of local anesthetic systemic toxicity in any of the 3 cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS:
The in vivo half-life of intraperitoneal chloroprocaine (5.3 minutes) is more than an order of magnitude greater than the in vitro half-life (11–21 seconds). However, maximum plasma concentrations of chloroprocaine (Cmax range, 0.05–79.9 µg/kg) were not associated with local anesthetic systemic toxicity and remain well below our predefined safe level of exposure (970 µg/kg) and levels associated with clinical symptoms (2.6–2.9 mg/kg). Therefore, our study suggests that intraperitoneal chloroprocaine, in a dosage ≤1200 mg, administered after fetal extraction, is well tolerated during cesarean delivery.
Seizure Outcomes and Reoperation in Surgical Rasmussen Encephalitis Patients
Authors: Sundar Swetha J. , Lu Elaine , Schmidt Eric S. , Kondylis Efstathios D. , Vegh Deborah , Poturalski Matthew J. , Bulacio Juan C. , Jehi Lara , Gupta Ajay , Wyllie Elaine , Bingaman William E. 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:
Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare inflammatory disease affecting one hemisphere, causing progressive neurological deficits and intractable seizures.

OBJECTIVE:
To report long-term seizure outcomes, reoperations, and functional outcomes in patients with RE who underwent hemispherectomy at our institution.

METHODS:
Retrospective review was performed for all patients with RE who had surgery between 1998 and 2020. We collected seizure history, postoperative outcomes, and functional data. Imaging was independently reviewed in a blinded fashion by 2 neurosurgeons and a neuroradiologist.

RESULTS:
We analyzed 30 patients with RE who underwent 35 hemispherectomies (5 reoperations). Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, seizure-freedom rate was 81.5%, 63.6%, and 55.6% at 1, 5, and 10 years after surgery, respectively. Patients with shorter duration of hemiparesis preoperatively were less likely to be seizure-free at follow-up (P = .011) and more likely to undergo reoperation (P = .004). Shorter duration of epilepsy (P = .026) and preoperative bilateral MRI abnormalities (P = .011) were associated with increased risk of reoperation. Complete disconnection of diseased hemisphere on postoperative MRI after the first operation improved seizure-freedom (P = .021) and resulted in fewer reoperations (P = .034), and reoperation resulted in seizure freedom in every case.

CONCLUSION:
Obtaining complete disconnection is critical for favorable seizure outcomes from hemispherectomy, and neurosurgeons should have a low threshold to reoperate in patients with RE with recurrent seizures. Rapid progression of motor deficits and bilateral MRI abnormalities may indicate a subpopulation of patients with RE with increased risk of needing reoperation. Overall, we believe that hemispherectomy is a curative surgery for the majority of patients with RE, with excellent long-term seizure outcome.
Cilia-localized GID/CTLH ubiquitin ligase complex regulates protein homeostasis of sonic hedgehog signaling components
Authors: Hantel Friederike , Liu Huaize , Fechtner Lisa , Neuhaus Herbert , Ding Jie , Arlt Danilo , Walentek Peter , Villavicencio-Lorini Pablo , Gerhardt Christoph , Hollemann Thomas , Pfirrmann Thorsten 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Cilia are evolutionarily conserved organelles that orchestrate a variety of signal transduction pathways, such as sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling, during embryonic development. Our recent studies have shown that loss of GID ubiquitin ligase function results in aberrant AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and elongated primary cilia, which suggests a functional connection to cilia. Here, we reveal that the GID complex is an integral part of the cilium required for primary cilia-dependent signal transduction and the maintenance of ciliary protein homeostasis. We show that GID complex subunits localize to cilia in both Xenopus laevis and NIH3T3 cells. Furthermore, we report SHH signaling pathway defects that are independent of AMPK and mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) activation. Despite correct localization of SHH signaling components at the primary cilium and functional GLI3 processing, we find a prominent reduction of some SHH signaling components in the cilium and a significant decrease in SHH target gene expression. Since our data reveal a critical function of the GID complex at the primary cilium, and because suppression of GID function in X. laevis results in ciliopathy-like phenotypes, we suggest that GID subunits are candidate genes for human ciliopathies that coincide with defects in SHH signal transduction.
Program Barriers and Facilitators in Virtual Cancer Exercise Implementation: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Gorzelitz Jessica S. , Bouji Nour , Stout Nicole L. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
Because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many in-person cancer exercise and rehabilitation programs necessarily transitioned to virtual formats to meet the needs of individuals living with and beyond cancer. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively assess program-level facilitators and barriers to virtual exercise program implementation and to identify preferred strategies to overcome implementation barriers.

Methods
U.S.-based virtual cancer exercise and rehabilitation programs were recruited from professional networks via an e-mailed screening questionnaire. Eligible programs identified a point of contact for a one-on-one semistructured interview to discuss program-level barriers and facilitators to implementing virtual exercise programs. Interview transcript analysis was conducted via inductive coding techniques using NVivo software. Barriers were categorized according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, and a prioritized list of strategies to support implementation was created by mapping barriers to a list of Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change.

Results
Of the 41 unique responses received, 24 program representatives completed semistructured interviews. Interviewees represented individual programs, community-based programs, and hospital-based cancer exercise/rehabilitation programs. Analysis showed high correlation between facilitators and barriers by program type, with both program- and individual-level strategies used to implement exercise programs virtually. Strategies that ranked highest to support implementation include promoting program adaptability, building a coalition of stakeholders and identifying program champions, developing an implementation blueprint, altering organizational incentives and allowances, providing education across stakeholder groups, and accessing funding.

Conclusions
Learning from the transition of cancer exercise and rehabilitation programs to virtual formats due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we identify program-level barriers and facilitators encountered in the implementation of virtual programs and highlight implementation strategies that are most relevant to overcome common barriers. We present a roadmap for programs to use these strategies for future work in virtual exercise and rehabilitation program implementation.
Health Fitness Professionals’ Perceptions to Offering a Cancer Exercise Program: A Qualitative Study
Authors: DeScenza Victoria R. , Chaplow Zachary L. , Bowman Jessica , Sutherland Sue , Focht Brian C. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
The purpose of this study is to qualitatively investigate fitness professionals’ perceptions of barriers and enablers to offering community-based exercise programs targeting cancer survivors at their fitness and/or community centers.

Methods
A qualitative case study approach incorporating Web-based survey and semistructured interview components was used to evaluate community-based fitness professionals’ programming perceptions.

Results
A total of seven subjects completed a semistructured interview. Data analysis using content analysis and the constant comparative method process revealed three primary domains with 11 underlying themes: 1) program barriers (education and awareness, physician referral, cost, and care along the cancer continuum); 2) program enablers (champion advocacy, sponsor/funding, personnel, and propositional solutions); and 3) program perceptions (social support, gym atmosphere, and cancer-specific modifications).

Conclusions
Findings from this qualitative study identified multiple domains and themes articulating health and fitness professionals’ perceptions of key barriers, enablers, and programmatic aspects in offering community-based exercise cancer programming. These results have important implications for guiding the design and delivery of community-based exercise programs for cancer survivors and represent an advance in the current literature surrounding implementation strategies in a clinic-to-community translational model of exercise-based supportive cancer care.
Protocol for the Ketamine for Postoperative Avoidance of Depressive Symptoms (K-PASS) feasibility study: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fritz Bradley A. , Tellor Pennington Bethany R. , Palanca Ben J.A. , Schweiger Julie A. , Willie Jon T. , Farber Nuri B. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Postoperative depressive symptoms are associated with pain, readmissions, death, and other undesirable outcomes. Ketamine produces rapid but transient antidepressant effects in the perioperative setting. Longer infusions confer lasting antidepressant activity in patients with treatment-resistant depression, but it is unknown whether a similar approach may produce a lasting antidepressant effect after surgery. This protocol describes a pilot study that will assess the feasibility of conducting a larger scale randomized clinical trial addressing this knowledge gap. Methods: This single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial involves the enrollment of 32 patients aged 18 years or older with a history of depression scheduled for surgery with planned intensive care unit admission. On the first day following surgery and extubation, participants will be randomized to an intravenous eight-hour infusion of either ketamine (0.5 mg kg-1 over 10 minutes followed by a continuous rate of 0.3 mg kg-1 h-1) or an equal volume of normal saline. Depressive symptoms will be quantified using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale preoperatively and serially up to 14 days after the infusion. To detect ketamine-induced changes on overnight sleep architecture, a wireless headband will be used to record electroencephalograms preoperatively, during the study infusion, and after infusion. The primary feasibility endpoints will include the fraction of patients approached who enroll, the fraction of randomized patients who complete the study infusion, and the fraction of randomized patients who complete outcome data collection. Conclusions: This pilot study will evaluate the feasibility of a future large comparative effectiveness trial of ketamine to reduce depressive symptoms in postsurgical patients. Registration: K-PASS is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05233566; registered February 10, 2022.