bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machiavelli and the Problems of Military Force
Authors: Erwin Sean 
Published: May 2022

Central to Niccolò Machiavelli’s writing is the argument that a successful state is one that prefers to lose with its own arms (arma propriis) than to win with the arms of others (arma alienis). This book sheds light on Machiavelli’s critiques of military force and provides an important reinterpretation of his military theory.
Sean Erwin argues that the distinction between arma propriis and arma alienis poses a central problem to Machiavelli’s case for why modern political institutions offer modes of political existence that ancient ones did not. Starting from the influence of Lucretius and Aelianus Tacticus on the Dell’arte della guerra, Erwin examines Machiavelli’s criticism of mercenary, auxiliary, and mixed forces.
Giving due consideration to an overlooked conceptual distinction in Machiavelli studies, this book is a valuable and original contribution to the field.
Migrant Workers’ Education in China
Authors: Jia Fusheng 
Published: May 2022

Based on an extended period of ethnographic research and observation of migrant workers– educational programmes, this book presents a theoretical exploration of social and educational issues in the setting of China–s Pearl River Delta. It highlights the tensions existing between the traditional ideology stressing collectivism, selfless devotion and teacher-centered teaching, and the new social practices promoting commercialization, personal development and interactive teaching. The author provides first-hand descriptions and analyses of rural-urban migrant workers– lives, work and education. He develops the ethnographic approach by analysing the tensions and contradictions in the implementation processes of educational policies in the region.
The book argues that the educational programmes, which focused on elite workers to support the development of industrialization and urbanization projects, assisted migrant workers as students in promoting their aspirations. However, this also stratified migrant workers, thus increasing gaps in socioeconomic status and professional development. Education policy design and implementation are observed as a dynamic process, thus contributing to a nuanced understanding of adult education and migration at a micro level.
The New Wave Cinema in Iran
Authors: Jahed Parviz 
Published: May 2022

The New Wave Cinema in Iran is a historical and analytical study of the Iranian New Wave Cinema (Mowj-e No) as an artistic and intellectual movement that came to its best early productions between 1958 and 1978. As the movement has a long history, Parviz Jahed focuses on the development and the early progression of the movement in the 1960s and explores its emergence and development in the context of the cultural and social conditions of Iran during this period.
Jahed first defines the term ‘New Wave’ in Iran’s film culture, in order to identify the root elements that gave traction to this movement. He analyses the degree to which different elements and factors have contributed to the formation of this cinema, accounting for the different approaches of Iranian intellectual filmmakers towards modernity and a modern form of cinema in Iran. The book finishes by studying the works of three intellectual figures and influential filmmakers of the 1960s, Ebrahim Golestan, Farrokh Ghaffari, and Feraydoon Rahnama, who are arguably considered the forerunners of the New Wave Cinema in Iran.
Sunset Boulevard
Authors: Cohan Steven 
Published: May 2022

Billy Wilder's Sunset Boulevard was a critical and commercial success on its release in 1950 and remains a classic of film noir and one of the best-known Hollywood films about Hollywood. Both its opening, with William Holden as the screenwriter Joe Gillis floating facedown in ageing star Norma Desmond's (Gloria Swanson) pool, and lines such as 'I am big, it's the pictures that got small' are some of the most memorable in Classical Hollywood cinema.
Steven Cohan's study of the film draws on original archival research to shed new light on the film's production history, and the contribution to the film's success and meanings of director Wilder, stars Holden and Swanson but also supporting actors Erich von Stroheim, Nancy Olson (who plays Betty Schaefer), Cecil B. DeMille, and Hedda Hopper, as well as costumier Edith Head, and composer Franz Waxman. Cohan considers the film both as a 'backstudio' picture (a movie about Hollywood) and as a film noir, and in the context of McCarthyism, blacklisting and the Hollywood Ten.
Cohan explores how the film was marketed, its reception and afterlife, tracing how the film is at once a product of its own particular historical moment as the movie industry was transitioning out of the studio era, yet one that still speaks powerfully to contemporary audiences, and speculates on the reasons for its enduring appeal.
Y Tu Mamá También
Authors: Smith Paul Julian 
Published: May 2022

Y Tu Mamá También (2001), an intelligent and sensual road movie directed by Alfonso Cuarón and co-written by him and his brother Carlos, is both an acclaimed feature by a director who would go on to win Oscars and a box office success abroad and in its native Mexico, where it was the biggest grossing local film of all time. Its teenage protagonists Gael García Bernal and Diego Luna went on to be major stars of global cinema.
Yet on its release the film was vilified by established Mexican critics as a coarse comedy and ‘Penthouse fantasy’ of youthful lust for an older woman. Paul Julian Smith's lucid study of the film argues that Y Tu Mamá También not only addresses with playful seriousness such major issues as gender, race, class, and space, which are yet more urgent now than they were on its release; but that the film’s apparently casual aesthetic masks a sophisticated audiovisual style, one which brings together popular genre film and auteurist experiment.
Smith suggests Y Tu Mamá También remains an example for world cinema of how a very local film can connect with a global audience that is ignorant of such niceties. Combining production and distribution history, based on unexplored material held in Mexico City archives, with close textual analysis, Smith makes an argument for Cuarón’s film as an enduring masterpiece that hides in plain sight as an ephemeral teen movie.
Identification of Livelihood Assets of the Tanggulangin Fishing Community Klirong sub-district Kebumen District
Authors: Zulaikhah Fitri  , Sugihardjo Sugihardjo , Wibowo Agung 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Tanggulangin Fishing Community still depends on the catch of fish even though the available resources can be properly utilized and managed to improve livelihoods. A sustainable livelihood approach is needed to determine fishermen in their livelihoods that are uncertain and depending on the season. Identification of sustainable livelihood assets in order to survive in fishing and famine seasons. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The determination of informants is done by using the snowball technique. Data collection using in-depth interview techniques, participant observation and documentation. The data were analyzed interactively and the validity of the data was obtained by using triangulation techniques of sources and methods. The sustainable livelihood assets carried out by the Tanggulangin Fishing Community are utilizing financial and social capital during the fishing season, while natural capital during the low season is amidst physical and human capital constraints. Physical capital constraints, namely still using traditional fishing facilities, have no effect because they still want to maintain the balance of the marine ecosystem. Human capital constraints that are not open to information and skills so that an increase in human capital (knowledge, skills and experience) is needed.
Keyword: fishing community; identification; livelihood assets
ABSTRAK
Rukun Nelayan Tanggulangin masih bergantung pada hasil tangkapan ikan padahal sumber daya yang tersedia dapat dimanfaatkan dan dikelola dengan baik untuk meningkatkan penghidupan. Pendekatan penghidupan berkelanjutan dibutuhkan guna menentukan nelayan dalam mempertahankan hidupnya yang tidak menentu dan tergantung pada musim. Pengidentifikasian aset penghidupan berkelanjutan agar dapat bertahan hidup pada musim melaut dan paceklik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan teknik snowball. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara interaktif dan validitas data diperoleh dengan teknik triangulasi sumber dan metode. Aset penghidupan berkelanjutan yang dilakukan oleh Rukun Nelayan Tanggulangin adalah memanfaatkan modal finansial dan modal sosial pada musim melaut sedangkan modal alam pada musim paceklik ditengah hambatan modal fisik dan manusia. Hambatan modal fisik yaitu masih menggunakan sarana penangkapan ikan secara tradisional tidak berpengaruh karena mereka tetap ingin menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem laut. Hambatan modal manusia yang kurang terbuka terhadap informasi dan keterampilan sehingga dibutuhkan peningkatan modal manusia (pengetahuan, keterampilan dan pengalaman).
Kata Kunci: aset penghidupan; identifikasi; rukun nelayan
Evolution of source attributed organic aerosols and gases in a megacity of central China
Authors: Li Siyuan , Liu Dantong , Kong Shaofei , Wu Yangzhou , Hu Kang , Zheng Huang , Cheng Yi , Zheng Shurui , Jiang Xiaotong , Ding Shuo , Hu Dawei , Liu Quan , Tian Ping , Zhao Delong , Sheng Jiujiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The secondary production of oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) impacts air quality, climate, and human health. The importance of various sources in contributing to the OOA loading and associated different ageing mechanisms remains to be elucidated. Here we present a concurrent observation and factorization analysis on the mass spectra of
organic aerosol (OA) by a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer in Wuhan, a megacity in central China, during autumn. The full mass spectra of organics with two principle anthropogenic sources were identified as the traffic and cooking sources, for their primary emission profiles in aerosol and gas phases, the evolutions, and their respective roles in producing OOA and secondary VOCs. Primary emissions in gas and aerosol phases both contributed to the production of OOA. The photooxidation of traffic sources from the morning rush hour caused a 2.5 fold increase in OOA
mass in a higher oxidation state (oxygen-to-carbon ratio as O/C =0.72), co-producing gas phase carboxylic acids, while, at night, cooking aerosols and VOCs (particularly acrolein and hexanal) importantly caused the nocturnal
formation of oxygenated intermediate VOCs, increasing OOA mass by a factor of 1.7 (O/C =0.42). The daytime and nighttime formation of secondary aerosols, as contributed by different sources, was found to be modulated by solar radiation and air moisture, respectively. The environmental policy should, therefore, consider the primary emissions and their respective ageing mechanisms influenced by meteorological conditions.
Intra-skeletal variability in phosphate oxygen isotope composition reveals regional heterothermies in marine vertebrates
Authors: Séon Nicolas , Amiot Romain , Suan Guillaume , Lécuyer Christophe , Fourel François , Demaret Fabien , Vinçon-Laugier Arnauld , Charbonnier Sylvain , Vincent Peggy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Strategies used by marine vertebrates to regulate their
body temperature can result in local variations, and the knowledge of these
regional heterothermies is crucial for better understanding the
thermophysiologies of extant and extinct organisms. In order to investigate
regional heterothermies in vertebrates, we analysed the oxygen isotope
composition of phosphatic skeletal elements (δ18Op) of two
endothermic fishes (Thunnus thynnus and Xiphias gladius) and three dolphins (two Delphinus delphis delphis and one Cephalorhynchus commersonii kerguelensis). We observed a
consistent link between δ18Op variations and temperature
heterogeneities recorded by classical methods. Our δ18Op
data indicate that: (i) bone hydroxylapatite of the axial skeleton of
dolphins mineralise at a warmer temperature than that of the appendicular
one, (ii) the skull is the warmest body region in X. gladius, and (iii) T. thynnus possesses
high body temperature in the skull and visceral mass region. These results
demonstrate the possibility of tracking regional heterothermies in extant
marine vertebrates using the δ18Op, paving the way to
direct assessment of thermophysiological specificities of both living and
extinct vertebrates. From a palaeoenvironmental perspective, the significant
observed δ18Op variability questions the use of some taxa
or random skeletal elements for the reconstruction of palaeoceanographic
parameters such as seawater temperature and δ18O.
The Effect of Pilgrimage to Waliyullah's Tomb on the Spiritual Motivation Student of Jagad 'Alimussirry
Authors: Mahmudah Ani , Hartono Djoko 
Published: May 2022

The modern world, which is full of increasing human needs, is more easily met with the rapid advancement of science and technology. However, in reality the desired happiness is getting further away and causes a spiritual crisis. As for the signs of a spiritual crisis, material difficulties are replaced by mental difficulties which cause the mental burden to become heavier, anxiety and tension and feeling pressure are felt more often and are more pressing, thereby reducing happiness.
Making a pilgrimage to the tomb of waliyullah’s is like being in the house of someone who is loved by Allah so that it can be a medicine for those who make pilgrimages and understand their pain and suffering. There he complained about all the problems he faced. In that house, he will feel at ease because he feels no longer alone and is under the auspices of Allah's grace and power.
The results of previous research related to the research to be carried out are Fitriana's Thesis, (2014) entitled The Impact of Pilgrimage to the Tomb of Habib Sholeh Tanggul on Community Morals, and Selvi Raudatut Tilawah's Thesis, (2015) entitled Study of Living Hadith: The Phenomenon of Pilgrimage to the Grave in Village Author Kab. Bondowoso.
so the author is interested in researching and studying more deeply about this problem by proposing the title of the research, namely the influence of pilgrimage to the tomb of waliyullah’s on the spirituality student of Jagad ‘Alimussirry. This type of research includes quantitative research that collects, collects and processes data in numerical form. The target population of the researcher is the active students of the Jagad 'Alimussirry Islamic Boarding School. Collecting data using questionnaires and interviews.
Relationship Between Psychological Needs and Regulatory Focus Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Aubert Morghane , Clavel Céline , Martin Jean-Claude 
Published: May 2022

Background Diabetes is a chronic disease. A sustained change in lifestyle is generally necessary for terms of diet and physical activity. According to Self-Determination Theory, the nature of the motivation to regulate one’s behavior is linked to the satisfaction of three psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. According to Regulatory Focus Theory, there is a promotion focus and a prevention focus. The prevention focus has been shown to have a different relationship with the satisfaction of the needs of the Self-Determination Theory between a general population and a population with health problems. Objective This study investigates the relationship between psychological needs and regulatory focus for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods 295 adults with T2D completed an online questionnaire measuring autonomy and perceived competence and regulatory focus. Results The promotion focus predicts the satisfaction of needs for autonomy and competence (β = 1.50, p < .01). The prevention focuses positively predicts the satisfaction of autonomy and competence needs (β = 2.06, p < .001). Conclusion These factors display different relationships between them among people with type 2 diabetes compared to the general population. Prevention focus seems to be more beneficial in the specific context of T2D than in the general population.
The effect of an information brochure on patients undergoing cardiac catheterization on their anxiety, knowledge and fear: A randomized controlled study.
Authors: Malliarou Maria , Pappa Vasiliki , Papathanasiou Iokasti , Andreanidis Ilias , Nikolentzos Athanasios , Apostolakis Ioannis , Sarafis Pavlos 
Published: May 2022

Introduction Patients who undergo coronary angiography experience a rather stressful situation. They need information about this invasive procedure which most of the times find either from the internet, their referring physicians, acquaintances or friends with past experience of an invasive procedure. Aim The aim of the study was on the one hand to test the potential beneficial effects of an information brochure on undergoing a cardiac catheterization for the first time and on the other hand to highlight the importance of informing patients before coronary angiography and its beneficial effects on both reducing their fear and anxiety. Methods Patients were randomly assigned to an experimental group receiving the brochure at least 1 day before the cardiac catheterization (N = 44), or to a control group not receiving the brochure (N = 44). The SFQ, ISQ and STAI tools were distributed to both groups. Results All experimental subjects in the intervention group read the brochure. The intervention group had significantly lower scores on both short-term and overall fear compared to the control group. However, the fear of the long-term consequences of cardiac catheterization was similar in both groups. Women had higher fear of the short-term consequences of catheterization than men. The control group experienced a mean satisfaction score of 10.9 points (SD= 2.5 points) while the intervention group had a score of 11.1 points respectively (SD= 2.3 points). In addition, 95, 5% of the control group and 88, 6% of the intervention group patients considered that the provision of information could have been improved. In terms of stress, patients with co-morbidities scored 7.39 points higher, meaning they experienced more symptoms of permanent anxiety, compared to patients who did not have an underlying disease. In addition, the more the patients were satisfied with the information provided, the fewer the symptoms of transient anxiety they experienced. Conclusions Providing information in the form of a brochure regarding cardiac catheterization before the procedure, is of great importance and constitutes an efficient intervention.
ENDOPHYTIC ACTINOMYCETES: PROMISING SOURCE OF NATURAL ANTIBIOTICS
Authors: ХАСЕНОВА А.Х. , МОЛДАХАНОВ Е.С. , ЖАНТЛЕСОВА С.Д. , МАСИРБАЕВА А.Д. , ЕЛУБАЕВА М. 
Published: May 2022

Устойчивость к антибиотикам возрастает во всем мире и является одной из самых больших проблем в современной медицине и глобальной угрозой для здравоохранения. Новые механизмы резистентности появляются и распространяются повсюду, угрожая способности лечить распространенные инфекционные заболевания. Ввиду этого, большое значение имеет вопрос поиска новых эффективных антибиотиков, синтезируемых различными микроорганизмами – актинобактериями, немицелиальными бактериями, грибами. В настоящее время исследователи сосредоточены на выделении актинобактерий из необычных мест обитания: мангровых зарослей, пустыней, морских и пресноводных резервуаров, а также внутренних тканей растений. Микроорганизмы-эндофиты — богатый и ещё не полностью изученный источник новых природных биологически активных соединений, привлекающий внимание многих учёных во всем мире. Большой интерес представляют эндофитные актиномицеты, синтезирующие разнообразные биологические активные вещества и дающие практически неограниченные возможности для разработки новых лекарственных препаратов. В обзоре представлены данные о биологически активных метаболитах, продуцируемых эндофитными актиномицетами, обладающих противоопухолевыми, противовоспалительными, антиоксидантными, антибактериальными свойствами.
Antibiotic resistance is on the rise worldwide, one of the biggest problems in modern medicine and a global public health threat. New resistance mechanisms are emerging and spreading everywhere, threatening the ability to treat common infectious diseases. In view of this, the question of finding new effective antibiotics, the main source of which are natural compounds synthesized by various microorganisms - actinobacteria, nonmycelial bacteria, fungi, is of great importance. Currently, researchers are focusing on isolating actinobacteria from unusual habitats: mangroves, deserts, marine and freshwater reservoirs, and internal plant tissues. Microorganisms-endophytes are a rich and not yet fully studied source of new natural biologically active compounds, attracting the attention of many scientists around the world. Of great interest are endophytic actinomycetes, which synthesize a variety of biologically active substances and provide practically unlimited opportunities for the development of new medicines. The review presents data that various biologically active metabolites of endophytic actinomycetes have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties.
Research on natural polymer in execution of raft forming gastro- retentive drug delivery system
Authors: Borade Amol U. , Shah Ketan , Kale Snehal N. , Katyarmal Anshuri D. , Gajbhiye Sanghadeep S. , Kolhe Nitin S. 
Published: May 2022

For the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers, raft forming systems incorporating Nizatidine were developed to provide sustained drug release and prolong gastric residence time. The raft forming formulations contained Nizatidine as a raft forming agent, Isabgol as a gelling polymer and sodium bicarbonate as an agent to generate gas and calcium carbonate as an agent to strengthen gels. Sodium bicarbonate, along with divalent Ca++ ions, forms a floating raft loaded with drugs. Raft formulation was optimized by applying Full Factorial Design of 33. Testing was done on all batches for pH, In-Vitro Floating, Raft strength, Acid Neutralizing capacity, viscosity, and drug release. The majority of formulations using Isabgol as a gelling agent have a gelled raft in less than 2 minutes and are buoyant for more than 8 hours in 0.1N hydrochloric acid having pH 1.2. Optimized batches show good administration capabilities and better stability over six months. The studies conducted suggested that raft forming systems made from natural polymers carrying drugs could be used to deliver gastroretentive drugs.
Study of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from pseudomonas aeruginosa and antioxidant activity
Authors: Yousef Muayyad Kahdem , Al-Ramahi Syoof Khoman 
Published: May 2022

This research, it was briefly described how biosynthesis silver nanoparticles from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the synthesized AgNPs were initially noticed through visual color change from yellow to reddish brown and the synthesis was confirmed by multiple tests like surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) UV-visible spectrophotometer, Morphology and size of AgNPs were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM)to verify its properties this material is nano, and this material was also tested in DPPH assay To ensure that it kills free radicals when used in the medical field like used silver nanoparticles in the treatment.