bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De novo transcriptome assembly using Illumina sequencing and development of EST-SSR markers in a monoecious herb Sagittaria trifolia Linn
Authors: Tang Hanqing , Saina Josphat K. , Long Zhi-Cheng , Chen Jinming , Dai Can 
Published: October 2022

Background
Sagittaria trifolia Linn. is a widespread macrophyte in Asia and southeast Europe and cultivated in parts of Asia. Although a few genomic studies have been conducted for S. trifolia var. sinensis, a crop breed, there is limited genomic information on the wild species of S. trifolia. Effective microsatellite markers are also lacking.

Objective
To assemble transcriptome sequence and develop effective EST-SSR markers for S. trifolia.

Methods
Here we developed microsatellite markers based on tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotide repeat sequences by comparatively screening multiple transcriptome sequences of eleven individuals from ten natural populations of S. trifolia.

Results
A total of 107,022 unigenes were de novo assembled, with a mean length of 730 bp and an N50 length of 1,378 bp. The main repeat types were mononucleotide, trinucleotide, and dinucleotide, accounting for 55.83%, 23.51%, and 17.56% of the total repeats, respectively. A total of 86 microsatellite loci were identified with repeats of tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotide. For SSR verification, 28 polymorphic loci from 41 randomly picked markers were found to produce stable and polymorphic bands, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from 2 to 11 and a mean of 5.2. The range of polymorphic information content (PIC) of each SSR locus varied from 0.25 to 0.80, with an average of 0.58. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.29 to 0.82, whereas the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.25 to 0.90.

Conclusion
The assembled transcriptome and annotated unigenes of S. trifolia provide a basis for future studies on gene functions, pathways, and molecular mechanisms associated with this species and other related. The newly developed EST-SSR markers could be effective in examining population genetic structure, differentiation, and parentage analyses in ecological and evolutionary studies of S. trifolia.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Anaemia among Pregnant Women Receiving Antenatal Care at Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Sudipta 
Published: October 2022

Background: Anaemia during pregnancy is a major public health problem worldwide. The prevalence is high in developing countries compared to developed countries. In Bangladesh, anaemia during pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity as it is an additional risk factor for pregnancy complications. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant mothers and determine associated risk factors.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) at Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College and Hospital (JRRMCH), Sylhet, from February to May 2022. A total of 400 study participants were selected by systematic random sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed by using SPSS. A Chi-square test and binary logistic regression test were carried out to determine associated risk factors. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result: Among 400 study participants, the prevalence was 53.50%. Among them 32.25% had mild anaemia, 20.25% had moderate anaemia, and 1% had severe anaemia. The prevalence was higher in rural areas (58.09%) than urban areas (46.54%). The majority of them were in the age group between 15-26 years. About 44.75% were primi gravida and 55.25% were multi gravida. About 70.25% of the respondents had taken iron supplementation. Maternal age 27-38 year (Adjusted odd ratio (AOR=1.847)), family monthly income (BDT) 50000-75000 (AOR=2.145), nuclear family (AOR=2.045), para (AOR=2.949), and gravida (AOR=1.636) were found to be independent factors of anaemia among pregnant mothers. Iron and folic acid supplement was protective of anaemia (AOR=0.432).
Conclusion: In our study, more than half of pregnant mothers were anaemic and most had mild to moderate anaemia. Based on identified risk factors it is highly recommended to improve socio-economic condition, level of education, family planning services and nutritional status. Iron supplementation should be encouraged for pregnant mothers.
Comparative Performance Response of Ten Economically Important Garlic Cultivars in Alluvial Soils of Punjab
Authors: Wayade Jitendra , Kumar K. Arun , Jayanthi J. 
Published: October 2022

All the varieties are not performed equally in all the agroclimatic and soil conditions. A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural farm of the Lovely Professional University, Punjab to evaluate the growth and yield performance of garlic cultivars in alluvial soil of Punjab. T Ten cultivars viz., Fewari, G-50, G-323, G-189, G-1, Parvati-2, G-389, G-384, G-282, and G-404 were considered as experimental treatments, The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block designand replicated thrice. Growth, yield attributes and yield were significantly varied among the varieties.. Garlic productivity has been declining and more improved breeding lines are required to enhance the productivity status. The selected cultivars were prominent among farmers and identifying the variation among germplasms may aid in genetic improvement among garlic cultivars. Plant height after 30 days of sowing shows significant difference among cultivars; the pseudo-stem length of G-389 cultivar recorded higher values as compared to others. Yield parameter like length of bulb, bulb width and clove length were recorded higher for Fewari and Parvati-2 cultivars. The cluster analysis based on growth and yield parameters segregates into two major clusters, viz., Fewari in one major cluster and the second cluster is segregated into further sub-clusters; sub-cluster 1 in second major cluster segregates G1, Parvati-2, G-189, and G-389 cultivars; however the sub-cluster 2 in second major cluster segregates G-323, G-282, G-384, and G-50 cultivars. Principal component analysis (PCA) show the close similarity between G-389 and G-189 cultivars and Fewari cultivars show high variation as compared to all other cultivars.
Identification and Molecular Characterization of Bacteria and Fungi Associated with Three Fresh Edible Mushrooms
Authors: Iruoma Anyakorah Caroline , Folakemi Adeniji Omolara 
Published: October 2022

Aims: Mushrooms are health-food used as food supplements and fortification but are susceptible to microbial spoilage due to high moisture content and nutrient status. Fresh mushrooms sometimes show signs of spoilage after harvest and makes storage difficult. The objective of the study was to identify and characterize bacteria and fungi associated with three fresh edible mushrooms, under ambient and cold temperatures.
Methodology: The study was conducted at the Bells University of Technology, Nigeria, between December 2020 and October 2021. Pleurotus ostreatus and Calocybe indica fruitbodies were procured from the Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi while Pleurotus tuber-regium fruitbodies were obtained from sclerotia planted in loamy soil. The fruitbodies were kept at ambient (28oC) and cold (15oC) temperatures respectively. The bacterial and fungal counts on each of the mushrooms were taken at 0,3, 5, and 7 days after harvest. The isolated bacteria were identified by conventional methods; Analytical Profile Index (API) 20E kits (BioMerieux), while Fungi were identified by morphological features and PCR amplification using ITS 1f/ ITS 4r universal primers.
Results: The bacterial and fungal counts on the fruitbodies ranged from 5.7 log CFU/ml – 6.3 log CFU/ml and 5.0 log CFU/ml – 5.9 log CFU/ml respectively. Seven genera of bacteria isolated were gram-negative bacteria. At ambient temperature, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter asburiae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, Serratia marcescens, Chryseobacterium meningosepticum and Cedecea davisae were isolated while Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter sakazakii and Citrobacter braakii were isolated at cold temperature. Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium were isolated at both temperatures while Alternaria was isolated at ambient temperature.
Conclusion: Isolated bacteria and fungi were mostly enteric pathogens and potential mycotoxin-producing fungi. This is an indication that strict hygiene and control measures should be put in place during the production and storage of these mushrooms in order to improve the quality and food safety of fresh mushrooms in Nigeria.
Cross-State Travel for Cancer Care and Implications for Telehealth Reciprocity
Authors: Moen Erika L. , Wang Qianfei , Liu Lingbo , Wang Fahui , Tosteson Anna N. A. , Smith Rebecca E. , Cowan Lauren , Onega Tracy 
Published: February 2025

ImportancePatients often travel for cancer care, yet the extent to which patients cross state lines for cancer care is not well understood. This knowledge can have implications for policies that regulate telehealth access to out-of-state clinicians.ObjectiveTo quantify the extent of cross-state delivery of cancer services to patients with cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study analyzed fee-for-service Medicare claims data for beneficiaries (aged ≥66 years) with a diagnosis of breast, colon, lung, or pancreatic cancer between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2020. Analyses were performed between January 1 and July 30, 2024.ExposurePatient rurality.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome of interest was receipt of cancer care across state lines. Frequencies of cancer services (surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy) were summarized by cancer type in relation to in-state vs out-of-state receipt of care based on state of residence for Medicare beneficiaries. Cross-state delivery of cancer services was also quantified by adjacent vs nonadjacent states and overall between-state flows for service utilization.ResultsThe study included 1 040 874 Medicare beneficiaries with cancer. The mean (SD) age of the study population was 76.5 (7.4) years. Most patients were female (68.2%) and urban residing (78.5%); one-quarter (25.9%) were aged between 70 and 74 years. In terms of race and ethnicity, 7.0% of patients identified as Black, 3.4% as Hispanic, and 85.5% as White. Overall, approximately 6.9% of cancer care was delivered across state lines, with the highest proportion (8.3%) occurring for surgical care, followed by radiation (6.7%) and chemotherapy (5.6%) services. Out of all cross-state care, 68.4% occurred in adjacent states. Frequency of cross-state cancer care increased with patient rurality. Compared with urban-residing patients, isolated rural-residing patients were 2.5 times more likely to cross state lines for surgical procedures (18.5% vs 7.5%), 3 times more likely to cross state lines for radiation therapy services (16.9% vs 5.7%), and almost 4 times more likely to cross state lines for chemotherapy services (16.3% vs 4.2%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of Medicare claims data, a notable proportion of cancer services occurred across state lines, particularly for rural-residing patients. These results highlight the need for cross-state telehealth policies that recognize the prevalence of care delivery from geographically distant specialized oncology services.
End‐to‐End Metasurface Design for Temperature Imaging via Broadband Planck‐Radiation Regression
Authors: Fisher Sophie , Arya Gaurav , Majumdar Arka , Lin Zin , Johnson Steven G. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA theoretical framework is presented for temperature imaging from long‐wavelength infrared (LWIR) thermal radiation (e.g., 8–12 µm) through the end‐to‐end design of a metasurface‐optics frontend and a computational‐reconstruction backend. A new nonlinear reconstruction algorithm, “Planck regression”, is introduced to reconstruct the temperature map from a gray scale sensor image, even in the presence of severe chromatic aberration, by exploiting black body and optical physics particular to thermal imaging. This algorithm is combined with an end‐to‐end approach that optimizes manufacturable, single‐layer metasurfaces to yield the most accurate reconstruction. The designs demonstrate high‐quality, noise‐robust reconstructions of arbitrary temperature maps (including completely random images) in simulations of an ultra‐compact thermal‐imaging device. It is also shown that Planck regression is much more generalizable to arbitrary images than a straightforward neural‐network reconstruction, which requires a large training set of domain‐specific images.
Colloidal ZnInGaS Nanocrystals with Wide‐Band Gap for Ultraviolet Emitters
Authors: Qin Yue , Peng Zhannan , Song Xuerong , Yu Chunyu , Zhang Hanzhuang , Ji Wenyu , Sun Zhenhua , Ning Jiajia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractColloidal wide band gap semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) are the potential ultraviolet range materials for light‐emitters and photodetectors. ZnInGaS NCs with wide band gaps are produced with the intermediate of multinary ZnInGaS magic sized clusters. With the surface etching and intermediate shell design, ZnInGaS/ZnGaS/ZnS core/shell NCs exhibit the band‐edge fluorescence emission at 394 nm and the record photoluminescent quantum yield of 18.3% in Cd‐free ultraviolet emitters. The band gap in ZnInGaS NCs can be tuned from 3.20 to 3.75 eV via the changed size and composition, showing the adjusted fluorescence emission from 366 to 420 nm, which is widely tunable in the range. Finally, the NCs are integrated into a graphene transistor, obtaining a visible‐blind ultraviolet photodetector. This study underscores the potential of ZIGS NCs for UV emission and highlights their broader applicability in optoelectronic devices, demonstrating their significant potential for practical applications.
Multifunctional Topological Metasurfaces with Modular Meta‐Atoms for Multidimensional Wave Control
Authors: Qin Shilong , Chen Long , Cai Zixuan , Gu Ze , Yu Xinyi , Yu Zhicai , Su Jianlin , Xiao Qiang , Li Xinyu , Ma Qian , You Jian Wei , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetasurfaces offer precise control over various degrees of freedom of electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, their capability to manipulate surface and space EM waves simultaneously remains a formidable challenge. Here, this challenge is addressed by integrating metasurfaces with topological photonics, resulting in topological metasurfaces that can control both surface and full‐space waves. The topological metasurface is composed of reusable and modular meta‐atoms, exhibiting programmability, reconfigurability, detachability, and scalability. The low‐cost and low‐power platform has big capability to control both surface and full‐space waves, enabling multiple functions such as focusing, holographic imaging, wireless communication, sensing, and object classification. The efficient manipulations of transmitted and reflected space waves are experimentally demonstrated by encoding the modular meta‐atoms and showcasing the programmable control of surface waves by constructing topologically protected multi‐channel propagation pathways. The topological metasurface redefines the paradigm of EM wave manipulation to provide unprecedented opportunities for holographic imaging, object sensing, and wireless signal enhancement, paving the way for intelligent and multifunctional EM controls for next‐generation sensor and communication systems.
Improving CO Oxidation Catalysis Over High Entropy Spinels by Increasing Disorder
Authors: Swindell Joshua D. , Tainton Gareth R.M. , Chansai Sarayute , Hazeldine Kerry , Buckingham Mark A. , Walton Alex S. , Hardacre Christopher , Haigh Sarah J. , Lewis David J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEnhancing the activity and stability of earth‐abundant, heterogeneous catalysts remains a key challenge, requiring new materials design strategies to replace platinum‐group metals. Herein, it is demonstrated that increasing the configurational disorder of spinel metal oxides (M3O4, where M is a combination of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) leads to significant improvements in carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation performance. A substantial 63% decrease in the T10 value (temperature to reach 10% CO oxidation) is observed by systematically increasing the number of first‐row transition metals within the spinel oxide. Long‐term stability studies reveal that the most disordered 7‐metal spinel oxide exhibited superior resistance to catalyst deactivation compared to the 4‐metal variant, showing a decrease in activity of only 4.7% versus 12.2% during 14 h of operation. A solventless thermolysis approach is developed to synthesize a series of medium entropy spinel oxide (MESO) and high entropy spinel oxides (HESOs) from discrete, air‐stable molecular precursors. Comprehensive crystal structure determination, elemental distribution analysis, and surface characterization are conducted, establishing a clear structure‐function relationship between elemental composition, configurational disorder, and catalytic performance. This work highlights how configurational disorder can serve as an effective design principle for developing both active and stable catalysts.
Satellite Tracking and Photographic‐Identification as Connectivity‐Based Tools Towards Conservation Planning of Pilot Whales
Authors: Weyn Mieke , Marrero‐Pérez Jacobo , Mora Anna Sánchez , González Atenary Pimentel , Ferreira Rita , Sambolino Annalisa , Dinis Ana , Mateus Catarina Sofia , Fernandez Marc , Alves Filipe 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIdentifying biogeographical patterns and important biological (blue) corridors can greatly contribute to conservation planning. Yet, this is particularly challenging when addressing pelagic species. In this study, satellite telemetry and photographic‐identification data of short‐finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) were used to identify preferred areas and pathways in the Macaronesia biogeographical region, namely between Madeira and two regions in the Canary Islands, the Western (WCI, La Palma and El Hierro) and the Central (CCI, Tenerife and La Gomera). Home‐range and time‐varying move persistence analyses from tracking data of four whales that moved between both archipelagos over 578 days revealed preferred areas in Madeira and the WCI, new connectivity pathways and the importance of both regions for area‐restricted behaviours. These findings were corroborated by a high number (n = 71) of photographic matches between Madeira (catalogue of 1276 individuals) and the WCI (456 individuals), compared to only four between Madeira and the CCI (717 individuals). The high linkage of the WCI with Madeira and the CCI (n = 48) suggests that the WCI constitute a key habitat for potential mixing of pilot whales from different groups. This study emphasizes that a combined methodological approach provides robust baseline information for pilot whales' conservation management, which could be valuable for other scenarios and species. Furthermore, shown connectivity patterns contribute to broadening our knowledge on potential blue corridors in the eastern North Atlantic and highlight the importance of considering wide and international geographic areas for conservation planning of highly mobile marine species.
Body donor programs in Australia and New Zealand: Current status and future opportunities
Authors: Jenkin Rebekah A. , Keay Kevin A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBody donation is critical to anatomy study in Australia and New Zealand. Annually, more than 10,000 students, anatomists, researchers, and clinicians access tissue donated by local consented donors through university‐based body donation programs. However, little research has been published about their operations. This study sought to examine the characteristics of the nineteen body donation programs operating in Australia and New Zealand. Information was collected from publicly available sources, virtual interviews with 17/19 programs, and responses to a set of questions (11/19). Body donation is locally regulated in both countries. Four Australian programs operate as central mortuaries supplying users in their state, while the remainder and the New Zealand programs operate institutionally. Annually, 1000–1500 donors are received across both countries. Retention periods vary, although most donors are returned for disposition within 3 years. All facilitate the return of cremated remains to the family on donor election. Most programs (16/19) reported that they received sufficient donors, with many narrowing their acceptance area. Pre‐death registration of donors is required by 12/19 programs; five Australian programs will accept next‐of‐kin donations post‐mortem. Next‐of‐kin authorization is required for donation; New Zealand programs seek this at the time of donor registration. All programs recognize donors; fifteen host commemoration/thanksgiving services for donors and their families. Body donation is well supported by local communities in both countries. Opportunities for improvement include the development of regional standards, engagement with donors/the community about body donation, and recognition of the primacy of donor elections over next‐of‐kin wishes.
Reviewing the GR Method for Estimating Black Hole Parameters of Megamaser Systems
Authors: González‐Juárez Adriana , Herrera‐Aguilar Alfredo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe review a general relativistic (GR) method to determine the black hole (BH) parameters: Mass‐to‐distance ratio, position, and recessional velocity of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of Seyfert type, which have an accretion disk with water masers circulating around the BH. This GR method makes use of astrophysical observations: The redshifted and the blueshifted photons emitted from the aforementioned masers and their orbital position on the sky. In order to perform the estimations we implement a Bayesian statistical method to fit the above mentioned observational data. One of the main results of this work consists in analytically expressing the gravitational redshift, allowing us to quantify its magnitude for the photons emitted by the closest masers to the black holes. We present this quantity for several BHs hosted at the core of AGNs.