bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain aging in major depressive disorder
Authors: Han L. , Schnack H. , Brouwer R. , Veltman D. , Van Der Wee N. , Van Tol M.-J. , Aghajani M. , Penninx B. 
Published: February 2022

Depression and anxiety are common and often comorbid mental health disorders that represent risk factors for aging-related conditions. Brain aging has shown to be more advanced in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Here, we extend prior work by investigating multivariate brain aging in patients with MDD and/or anxiety disorders and examine which factors contribute to older appearing brains. Adults aged 18-57 years from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety underwent structural MRI. A pre-trained brain age prediction model based on >2,000 samples from the ENIGMA consortium was applied to obtain brain-predicted age differences (brain-PAD, predicted brain age minus chronological age) in 65 controls and 220 patients with current MDD and/or anxiety. Brain-PAD estimates were associated with clinical, somatic, lifestyle, and biological factors. After correcting for antidepressant use, brain-PAD was significantly higher in MDD (+2.78 years, Cohen’s d=0.25, 95% CI -0.10-0.60) and anxiety patients (+2.91 years, Cohen’s d=0.27, 95% CI -0.08-0.61), compared to controls. There were no significant associations with lifestyle or biological stress systems. A multivariable model indicated unique contributions of higher severity of somatic depression symptoms (b=4.21 years per unit increase on average sum score) and antidepressant use (-2.53 years) to brain-PAD. Advanced brain aging in patients with MDD and anxiety was most strongly associated with somatic depressive symptomatology. We also present clinically relevant evidence for a potential neuroprotective antidepressant effect on the brain-PAD metric that requires follow-up in future research.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The use of light, temperature and pressure in the treatment of depression
Authors: Zalewski D. , Nobis A. , Dąbrowska E. , Waszkiewicz N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionClimate and weather have a great influence on the prevalence of depressive disorders. Selected physical parameters for instance light, temperature and pressure can be used to treat mood disorders.ObjectivesThe present mini-review aims at approximating the mechanisms by which selected, strictly controlled physical parameters in particular light, temperature, and oxygen pressure can help in the treatment of depression and determine their potential effectiveness.MethodsRelevant literature was identified by searching the PubMed/Medline database, by combining the search strategy of free text terms and exploding a range of MESH headings relating to the topics.ResultsMechanisms that can modify the course of depression were briefly presented. Review of the literature showed the well-established position of bright light therapy (BLT) effective in treating seasonal (SAD) and non-seasonal affective disorders (non-SAD); safety and rapid-action of whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) and whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) were also demonstrated; the least data was available on hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), which had antidepressant properties only in people with concomitant neurological damages.ConclusionsIn addition to the well-established position of BLT in the treatment of depression, further research is needed on other methods, such as WBH, WBC, HBOT.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Optimizing prediction of response to antidepressant medications using machine learning and environmental data
Authors: Spinrad A. , Darki-Morag S. , Taliaz D. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is complex and multifactorial, posing a major challenge of tailoring the optimal medication for each patient. Current practice for MDD treatment mainly relies on trial-and-error, with estimated 42%-53% response rates for antidepressant use.ObjectivesWe sought to generate an accurate predictor of response to a panel of antidepressants and optimize treatment selection using a data-driven approach analyzing combinations of clinical and demographic factors.MethodsWe analyzed the response patterns of patients to five antidepressant medications in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study and the Pharmacogenomic Research Network Antidepressant Medication Pharmacogenomic Study (PGRN-AMPS), and employed state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) tools to generate a predictive algorithm. To validate our results and confirm the algorithm’s external generalizability outside of its training groups, we assessed its capacity to predict individualized antidepressant responses on a separate validation and test sets consisting of 1,021 patients overall from both studies.ResultsThe algorithm’s ML prediction models achieved an average accuracy of 0.6416 (64.16%, SD 4.4) across the analyzed medications, and a cumulative accuracy of 0.6012 (60.12%), AUC of 0.601, sensitivity of 0.6034 (60.34%) and specificity of 0.599 (59.9%).ConclusionsThese findings support applying ML to accumulating data derived from large studies to achieve a much-needed improvement in the treatment of depression. By an immediate analysis of large amount of combinatorial data at the point of care, such prediction models may support doctors’ prescription decisions, potentially allowing them to tailor the right antidepressant medication sooner.DisclosureDekel Taliaz is the founder and CEO of Taliaz and reports stock ownership in Taliaz. Amit Spinrad and Sne Darki-Morag serve as data scientists in Taliaz.
5-years follow-up of patients with the clinical high-risk state for psychosi
Authors: Kaleda V. , Omelchenko M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe identification of the psychosis high-risk state in help-seeking patients with depressive symptoms offers the possibility of detection and intervention at the early stages of schizophrenia.ObjectivesEstimating the 5-year follow-up rate of the manifestation of psychosis and levels of functioning in patients with the clinical high-risk state and depressive symptoms.Methods81 inpatients (average age 19.6 years) with depressive symptoms and attenuated psychosis (60 patients with APS and 21 patients with BLIPS). Average duration of inpatient treatment was 56.3 days, antidepressant therapy (mean dosage equivalent to fluoxetine 43.1 mg/day) and antipsychotic therapy (mean dosage equivalent to chlorpromazine 408.9 mg/day) were conducted. All patients were followed up after discharge at least during 5 years (average follow-up 7.1 years). Levels of functioning were assessed on the PSP scale.ResultsThe manifestation of psychosis was identified in 21.0% (17 patients) (on average in the third year of follow-up), complete symptomatic and functional remission was established in 11.1% (9 patients) (PSP 100-81), complete symptomatic and incomplete functional remission was established in 27.2% (22 patients) (PSP 80-61). Incomplete symptomatic and incomplete functional remission – in 24.7% (20 patients) (PSP 60-41) and 13.5% (11 patients) (PSP<40).ConclusionsThe combination of antidepressants and antipsychotics therapy in patients with the clinical high-risk state for psychosis reduced the risk of psychosis manifestation but did not significantly affect the level of outcome compared to other studies.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Indicators of psychomotor development of premature infants by perinatal CNS lesion
Authors: Abdullayeva G. , Batyrkhanov S. , Abdullaeva M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe birth premature babies with hypoxic-ischemic damage to the neutral system with the subsequent development of hypoxic encephalopathy (HIE). Monitoring of the mental development and neurological status of such prematurely born children is carried out taking into account the corrected age and traditional scales.ObjectivesTo compare indicators of psychomotor development in preterm infants (gestational age < 32 weeks) with and without hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.MethodsA prospective study was carried out in the neurological department. The study included data from infants with a gestational age of < 32 weeks of gestation. Scale score immediately after birth and at corrected ages in the first, third and sixth months of life (data analysis according to Griffiths Scales).ResultsData from 95 newborns were eligible for conclusion. Of these, 67 children took part in the study, 32,8% of them were diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. In newborns with HIE gestational age at birth was less so they received parenteral nutrition for a longer time, the body weight gained during the hospital stay was less, they needed more time to switch to enteral nutrition. And only at the 3rd (80% of children) and 6th months of life, there were no statistically significant differences in psychomotor development between groups with and without hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.ConclusionsIn this study, it was shown that in premature infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, normal indicators of psychomotor development and neurological status were restored at the corrected age only by 6 months of age.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
C-reactive protein in a naturalistic sample of inpatients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Caldirola D. , Daccò S. , Cuniberti F. , Diaferia G. , Cavedini P. , Grassi M. , Perna G. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe relevance of inflammation to psychiatric disorders is well established. While inflammation was broadly investigated in mood disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) received little attention. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker commonly assessed in clinical practice. Studies comparing CRP levels across mood disorders and OCD are lacking.ObjectivesWe compared the prevalence of CRP-based low-grade inflammation (LGI) across major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) and OCD, taking into account multiple individual variables that may affect CRP levels.MethodsRetrospective, observational cross-sectional study in a naturalistic sample of hospitalized patients with MDD or BD or OCD. Information was collected from electronic medical records. Based on serum CRP levels at admission, the following were defined: CRP: >3 mg/L and ≤10 mg/l, “yes” LGI; ≤3 mg/L, “no” LGI. Logistic regression models were applied.ResultsWe included 156 patients with MDD, 135 with BD, and 97 with OCD. We found prevalence rates of CRP-LGI of 29.9%, 36.5%, and 47.4% in patients with OCD, MDD, and BD, respectively, without significant differences between groups. The entire set of individual variables considered (e.g., sex, body mass index, medication) explained only one-third of the observed variations in CRP-LGI.ConclusionsCRP-LGI may be a transdiagnostic feature of a substantial portion of patients with MDD or BD or OCD, rather than being exclusive to a specific psychiatric disorder. The presence of LGI was not fully explained by individual confounding factors. Given the relevance of inflammation to psychiatric and medical outcome, routine measurements of CRP in psychiatric settings may be valuable.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Effects of long-term therapy with quetiapine and olanzapine on parameters of immunity and cytokine levels in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Lobacheva O. , Nikitina V. , Kornetova E. , Vladimirova S. , Semke A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe study of effects of long-term antipsychotic therapy in patients with schizophrenia is relevant.ObjectivesTo study effects of long-term antipsychotic therapy on parameters of immunity and cytokine levels in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsWe examined 20 schizophrenic patients, who received quetiapine (group 1) and 17 - olanzapine (group 2) for more than 6 months before admission in the hospital as the main anti-recurrence therapy. Persons aged 20-63 years with length of the follow-up of the disease ≥1 year were included. The investigations included: phenotyping of immunocompetent cells into CD differentiation clusters by flow cytometry; mitogen-induced, spontaneous production of cytokines (IL2, IFN-γ, IL-4, TNF-α) were identified with use of kits for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsIt was shown that patients of group 1 in comparison with group 2 were characterized by lower values of СD3- lymphocytes (p=0.049), higher values of the spontaneous production of IFN-γ (p=0.01), mitogen-induced production of IL-2 (p=0.043) and IL-4 (p=0.059). In all examined low level of mitogen-induced of IFN-γ (p=0.0001) and TNFα (p=0.002; p=0.0001), high level of spontaneous production of TNFα (p=0.001) were revealed in relation to control.ConclusionsIt was found that the acute period of schizophrenia after prolonged treatment with atypical antipsychotics is accompanied by immunological imbalance and dysregulation of the cytokine system. More severe immune disorders when hospitalized during the exacerbation period were revealed in patients who had been receiving antipsychotic therapy with the atypical antipsychotic quetiapine for a long time. This can be associated with the features of the mechanism of action of atypical antipsychotics.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Clinical features of pathological pseudoreligiosity in patients with mental disorders
Authors: Borisova O. , Kopeyko G. , Gedevani E. , Kaleda V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe term pathological pseudoreligiosity (PPR) has been chosen for description of mental disorders with religious content (MDRC), accompanied with distortion of acceptance and assimilation of religious convictions, and with significant changes in patient’s religious behavior and way of life.ObjectivesTo assess the entire spectrum of mental pathology with religious content and relate it to the depth of mental disorder.Methods857 patients (300 males, 557 females), with religious worldview and mental disorders were observed with psychopathological and follow-up methods.ResultsThe pathological pseudoreligiosity was detected in 326 patients – 38%. Follow-up period estimated mean 9,5 years. Next mental disorders with religious content were identified and described. Specific PPR types were correlated with register of the depth of mental disorder (K. Schneider):Types of PPRPtsThe register of mental disordersToxic faith61,8%Personality disordersAnorexia due to overvalued religious convictions123,7%Neurotic registerDepressive with congruent religious ideas of sinfulness, feeling of being abandoned by God6319,3%Affective registerDepressive states with overvalued doubts of belief choice.113,4%Overvalued religious behavior134%Affective-delusional
Delusion of spiritual hypochondria72,2%DelusionalEschatological delusion216,4%Anorexia in the form of delusional behavior with religious contents113,4%Hallucinatory-delusional
Apocalyptic delusion329,8%Religious delusion13842,3%Religious standing, stiffening, mutism41,2%CatatonicFragmentary religious ideas82,5%OrganicConclusionsManagement and treatment of patients suffering from MDRC with pathological pseudoreligiosity requires a particular approach. The consideration must be given to religious content of mental disorders and to clinical specifics of these disorders.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Paliperidone induced sinus tachycardia in a patient with first episode of psychosis (FEP)
Authors: Sarafopoulos A. , Antoniadis D. , Karpouza V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThis is a presentation of the FEP of a 23 y.o. patient. The patient had a Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) of 6 months and Duration of Untreated Illness (DUI) of six years. The therapeutic response and the adverse effects of Paliperidone are being described.ObjectivesTo investigate the tolerance of Paliperidone in a patient with FEP.MethodsThe patient was assessed regularly by the psychiatric team consisting of a CT doctor and one General Adult Consultant. Appropriate psychological assessments and investigations took place.ResultsUpon admission the patient appeared guarded. She also presented with weight loss and dehydration. Initial PANSS score was 173, positive subscale 41. The patient was initially treated with monotherapy 6mg of Paliperidone. However, the heart rate was around 100 bpm culminating as high as 156 bpm. The ECG indicated sinus tachycardia. The patient presented with serious EPSs and diarrhea. Simpson-Angus Scale score 10. Metoprolol 25mg was prescribed twice a day. The clinical team proceeded in cross titration replacing Paliperidone with Olanzapine. A brain CT scan was also performed, unremarkable. After 10 days of therapy the PANSS score reduced to 102, positive subscale 21.ConclusionsInitial sinus tachycardia is a common adverse effect of Paliperidone. However in this case the tachycardia was refractory in time even after the 7th day, making an alternative SGA trial necessary.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Approach to early grief: Report of two cases
Authors: Gómez A. Sotillos , Coscujuela P. Marco , Mata A. Hernández 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEarly grief is a concept about which there is little literature. This generates difficulties in order to perform a differential diagnosis, as it poses complications to determine if the symptoms that the patient suffers are relative to the mourning or if they appear as part of a comorbid disorder.ObjectivesTo assess the difficulty in discriminating when accompaniment is necessary and when the patient can benefit from pharmacological, psychotherapeutic or combined treatment.MethodsPatients’ data is obtained from their medical history as well as psychological interviews carried out during the process.Results
32-year-old woman, with a previous history of depression. The patient was living abroad when her father was diagnosed with a terminal illness, so she decided to return home, making a radical change in her life. She is currently facing the functional deterioration of her father, who is rapidly getting worse. The patient shows symptoms of anxiety, tendency to cry and apathy. 34-year-old woman, with no history in Mental Health. As a result of her father’s illness, the patient develops a clinical manifestation of anxiety and low spirits. After one year, the clinic is maintained according to the variations in the health of her father. She also reports problems concentrating, fatigue, ruminative thoughts and structured autolithic ideas. Finally, she is referred to begin a psychotherapeutic follow-up.ConclusionsBearing in mind that we are facing an increase in diagnoses of terminal illnesses, I consider it is necessary to reflect on this concept in order to provide a better response to patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The effect of motivational interview based on WhatsApp on the psychological domains of quality of life in infertile women with pcos: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ansari F. , Hamzehgardeshi Z. , Elyasi F. , Moosazadeh M. , Ahmadi I. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPolycystic ovary syndrome(Pcos) disease significantly decreased quality of life for women. Mental health is one of the components affecting the quality of life of these patients that attention to it is necessary to improve their quality of life.ObjectivesThe present study was conducted to determine The effect of Motivational Interview Based on WhatsApp on the Psychological Domains of Quality of Life in Infertile Women with PCOS.MethodsThis randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 60 Infertile Women with PCOS from the city of Sari-Iran in 2020. Participants were assigned to MI and control groups using block randomization. The intervention group received 5 weekly of MI online via WhatsApp. While the control group received only routine care. The psychological Domains score of quality of life in these individuals was measured using the quality of life questionnaire of polycystic ovary syndrome(MPCOSQ) before and after the intervention. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS software, version 25 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test, and repeated measures analysis of variance.ResultsNo significant difference was observed between the two groups before the intervention mean The Psychological Domains scores (p>0.05). After the intervention, mean (SD) of The Psychological Domains score was 34.8 (11.8) in the intervention group and 30.7 (11.6) in the control.No significant Increasing in the mean between the two groups. The effect size(0.35) was calculated.ConclusionsThe results of the study showed that motivational interviewing is effective in improving the quality of life of women with pcos.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Spiritually-oriented therapy for endogenous mental patients with comorbid addictive disorders
Authors: Mitikhin V. , Magay A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSpirituality and religious commitment have a “protector” function among mental health patients who abuse psychoactive substances. The main task of spiritually-oriented therapy is not only to reactivate the internal control of a person, but to actualize their experience of communication with God before everything else.ObjectivesStudying the influence of spiritual life-related factors on efficiency of therapy of psychiatric co-morbidities.MethodsClinical and psychopathological, clinical follow-up, pathopsychological and statistic.ResultsThe research covered 26 patients (the main group) diagnosed with paroxysmal schizophrenia and schizo-affective psychosis in the prospective follow-up with alcohol addiction. All patients practiced Orthodox worldviews though to a different extent, and have been participating in the spiritually-oriented rehabilitation with a family-oriented module for two years. During psychosocial rehabilitation the patients took group and individual training with a multidisciplinary team of experts: psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, specialists in sociotherapy and members of the clergy. The rehabilitation employed the principles of therapeutic community, systematic family approach [Zoricic Z., 2019], notions of coping behavior or coping strategies [Verhagen P., 2019, Pargament, K.I. et al, 2014] as well as spiritually-oriented models of assistance to patients (for example, the religion-oriented strategy of forgiveness based on REACH model [Worthington E. L. et al, 2016]).ConclusionsDevelopment of a lengthy remission is dependent on changing lifestyle and patterns, and spiritual labor of penance and forgiveness is just as important.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Schizophrenia: Tendency and distribution of incidence study
Authors: Martín C. Vilella , Vázquez P. García , Rodríguez I. Gonzalez , Sevillano S. Nuñez , García A. Serrano 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
The prevalence of schizophrenia is close to 1 percent internationally. According to the 2019 census, the population in the province of León, our study population, is 460,001 inhabitants.ObjectivesTo study the distribution of schizofrenia in the area covered by the Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Spain.MethodsThis is a retrospective and cross-sectional descriptive study. The data of the hospitalizations of the last 10 years (2009-2019) will be obtained in any service of the CAULE of the 28 basic health areas of the province of León, with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Prevalence will be calculated. The rate of schizophrenia will be calculated for the decade per 1000 inhabitants.Results
3133 admissions identified 1576 unique patients. It is the decade of 50-59 where the largest number of hospitalizations is concentrated. Most entered directly into the psychiatry hospital care. It is 2019 where the most income is produced and 2017 the one with the least. The rate of schizophrenia is 3,2 Per 1000 inhabitants.ConclusionsHospitalizations for schizophrenia is concentrated in the decade of the 40-49 years. The diagnosis of schizophrenia is frecuently delayed until negative symptoms appear. There is an upward trend in hospitalizations per year in the last decade. The rate of schizophrenia is higher in areas where consanguinity is present and where the prison is located.DisclosureNo significant relationships.