bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of tumorigenesis and protumorigenic activity of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in NOD SCID mice
Authors: He Jie , Yao Xiang , Mo Ping , Wang Kai , Yang Zai-ling , Tian Ni-ni , Zhu Xiang-qing , Zhao Jing , Pang Rong-qing , Ruan Guang-ping , Pan Xing-hua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The tumorigenesis of infused umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) is being preclinically evaluated.

Methods
We observed tumor formation in NOD SCID mice after a single subcutaneous injection of hUC-MSCs and the effect of these cells on tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. Three generations (P5, P7, and P10) of hUC-MSCs (1 × 107) from two donors (hUC-MSC1 and hUC-MSC2) were inoculated subcutaneously into NOD SCID mice. Subcutaneous transplantation models were established in NOD SCID mice with human cervical cancer HeLa cells (solid tumor) and human B cell lymphoma Raji cells (hematological tumor). Then, the animals were euthanized, gross dissection was performed, and tissues were collected. Various organs were observed microscopically to identify pathological changes and tumor metastasis.

Results
In the tumorigenesis experiment, no general anatomical abnormalities were observed. In the tumor promotion experiment, some animals in the HeLa groups experienced tumor rupture, and one animal died in each of the low- and medium-dose hUC-MSC groups. The results may have occurred due to the longer feeding time, and the tumor may have caused spontaneous infection and death. Pathological examination revealed no metastasis to distant organs in any group. In the Raji tumor model, some animals in each group experienced tumor rupture, and one animal in the medium-dose hUC-MSC group died, perhaps due to increased tumor malignancy. Thus, hUC-MSCs neither promoted nor inhibited tumor growth. No cancer cell metastasis was observed in the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys or other important organs, except that pulmonary venule metastasis was observed in 1 animal in the model group.

Conclusions
Injected hUC-MSCs were not tumorigenic and did not significantly promote or inhibit solid or hematological tumor growth or metastasis in NOD SCID mice.
Aqueous Thunbergia laurifolia leaf extract alleviates paraquat-induced lung injury in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Palipoch Sarawoot , Punsawad Chuchard , Koomhin Phanit , Na-Ek Prasit , Poonsawat Wasinee , Kimseng Rungruedi , Chotipong Potiga , Bunluepuech Kingkan , Yusakul Gorawit , Suwannalert Prasit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundParaquat (PQ) has been reported to have a high mortality rate. The major target organ of PQ poisoning is the lungs. The pathogenesis of PQ-induced lung injury involves oxidative stress and inflammation. Unfortunately, there is still no effective antidote for PQ poisoning. We hypothesized that aqueousThunbergia laurifolia(TL) leaf extract is a possible antidote for PQ-induced lung injury.MethodsThe total phenolic content and caffeic acid content of an aqueous extract of TL leaves were analyzed. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 4 per group): the control group (administered normal saline), the PQ group (administered 18 mg/kg body weight (BW) PQ dichloride subcutaneously), the PQ + TL-low-dose (LD) group (administered PQ dichloride subcutaneously and 100 mg/kg BW aqueous TL leaf extract by oral gavage) and the PQ + TL-high-dose (HD) group (administered PQ dichloride subcutaneously and 200 mg/kg BW aqueous TL leaf extract by oral gavage). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and lung histopathology were analyzed. In addition, the mRNA expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was assessed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the protein expression of IL-1β and TNF-α was analyzed using immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe total phenolic content of the extract was 20.1 ± 0.39 μg gallic acid equivalents (Eq)/mg extract, and the caffeic acid content was 0.31 ± 0.01 μg/mg. The PQ group showed significantly higher MDA levels and NOX, IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression than the control group. Significant pathological changes, including alveolar edema, diffuse alveolar collapse, hemorrhage, leukocyte infiltration, alveolar septal thickening and vascular congestion, were observed in the PQ group compared with the control group. However, the aqueous TL leaf extract significantly attenuated the PQ-induced increases in MDA levels and NOX, IL-1β and TNF-α expressions. Moreover, the aqueous TL leaf extract ameliorated PQ-induced lung pathology.ConclusionThis study indicates that aqueous TL leaf extract can ameliorate PQ-induced lung pathology by modulating oxidative stress through inhibition of NOX and by regulating inflammation through inhibition of IL-1β and TNF-α expressions. We suggest that aqueous TL leaf extract can be used as an antidote for PQ-induced lung injury.
Objective risk assessment vs standard care for acute coronary syndromes—The Australian GRACE Risk tool Implementation Study (AGRIS): a process evaluation
Authors: Gullick Janice , Wu John , Chew Derek , Gale Chris , Yan Andrew T. , Goodman Shaun G. , Waters Donna , Hyun Karice , Brieger David 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Structured risk-stratification to guide clinician assessment and engagement with evidence-based therapies may reduce care variance and improve patient outcomes for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). The Australian Grace Risk score Intervention Study (AGRIS) explored the impact of the GRACE Risk Tool for stratification of ischaemic and bleeding risk in ACS. While hospitals in the active arm had a higher overall rate of invasive ACS management, there was neutral impact on important secondary prevention prescriptions/referrals, hospital performance measures, myocardial infarction and 12-month mortality leading to early trial cessation. Given the Grace Risk Tool is under investigation internationally, this process evaluation study provides important insights into the possible contribution of implementation fidelity on the AGRIS study findings.

Methods
Using maximum variation sampling, five hospitals were selected from the 12 centres enrolled in the active arm of AGRIS. From these facilities, 16 local implementation stakeholders (Cardiology advanced practice nurses, junior and senior doctors, study coordinators) consented to a semi-structured interview guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework. Directed Content Analysis of qualitative data was structured using the Capability/Opportunity/Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model.

Results
Physical capability was enhanced by tool usability. While local stakeholders supported educating frontline clinicians, non-cardiology clinicians struggled with specialist terminology. Physical opportunity was enhanced by the paper-based format but was hampered when busy clinicians viewed risk-stratification as one more thing to do, or when form visibility was neglected. Social opportunity was supported by a culture of research/evidence yet challenged by clinical workflow and rotating medical officers. Automatic motivation was strengthened by positive reinforcement. Reflective motivation revealed the GRACE Risk Tool as supporting but potentially overriding clinical judgment. Divergent professional roles and identity were a major barrier to integration of risk-stratification into routine Emergency Department practice. The cumulative result revealed poor form completion behaviors and a failure to embed risk-stratification into routine patient assessment, communication, documentation, and clinical practice behaviors.

Conclusions
Numerous factors negatively influenced AGRIS implementation fidelity. Given the prominence of risk assessment recommendations in United States, European and Australian guidelines, strategies that strengthen collaboration with Emergency Departments and integrate automated processes for risk-stratification may improve future translation internationally.
In Vitro assessment of anti-Campylobacter activity of lactobacillus strains isolated from canine rectal swabs
Authors: Tomusiak-Plebanek Anna , Mruk Martyna , Rząca Sybilla , Strus Magdalena , Arent Zbigniew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCampylobacteriosis is currently the most frequently reported zoonosis. Dogs, especially puppies or those with diarrhea, are considered a possible source of human infection. Probiotic bacteria, such asLactobacillusspecies, seem to be a valuable tool in controlling of intestinal pathogenic microorganisms in dogs. The main purpose of this study was to assess the anti-Campylobacteractivity and some probiotic properties, like ability to produce H2O2,bile salt and low pH tolerance ofLactobacillusstrains isolated from gastrointestinal tract of healthy dogs.ResultsA total of 39 rectal swabs derived from healthy dogs and 19 from dogs with diarrhea were examined to detectLactobacillusandCampylobacterbacteria respectively. In total, 30 strains ofLactobacillusgenus and four strains ofCampylobactergenus were isolated and identified. Of the 30 strains ofLactobacillus, 22 showed an inhibitory effect towardsCampylobacter. Four strains with the strongest antagonism towardsCampylobacterbacteria (L. salivarius25 K/L/1,L. rhamnosus42 K/L/2,L. sakei50 K/L/1 andL. agilis55 K/L/1) were selected to assess their potential probiotic traits. Three out of four analyzed strains produced extracellular H2O2.All displayed very good or moderate survival at pH 3.0 and 2.0 and showed high tolerance to 0.5% and 1% bile salts.ConclusionsAmong selectedLactobacillusstrains, all may have a potential probiotic application in reducingCampylobacterspp. in dogs and thus prevent transmission of infection to humans, although the best candidate for probiotic seems to beL. sakei50 K/L/1. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed.
Identification of factors impairing exercise capacity after severe COVID-19 pulmonary infection: a 3-month follow-up of prospective COVulnerability cohort
Authors: Ribeiro Baptista Bruno , d’Humières Thomas , Schlemmer Frédéric , Bendib Inès , Justeau Grégoire , Al-Assaad Lara , Hachem Mouna , Codiat Rebecca , Bardel Benjamin , Abou Chakra Laure , Belmondo Thibaut , Audureau Etienne , Hue Sophie , Mekontso-Dessap Armand , Derumeaux Geneviève , Boyer Laurent 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Patient hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pulmonary infection can have sequelae such as impaired exercise capacity. We aimed to determine the frequency of long-term exercise capacity limitation in survivors of severe COVID-19 pulmonary infection and the factors associated with this limitation.

Methods
Patients with severe COVID-19 pulmonary infection were enrolled 3 months after hospital discharge in COVulnerability, a prospective cohort. They underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing, pulmonary function test, echocardiography, and skeletal muscle mass evaluation.

Results
Among 105 patients included, 35% had a reduced exercise capacity (VO2peak < 80% of predicted). Compared to patients with a normal exercise capacity, patients with reduced exercise capacity were more often men (89.2% vs. 67.6%, p = 0.015), with diabetes (45.9% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.002) and renal dysfunction (21.6% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.006), but did not differ in terms of initial acute disease severity. An altered exercise capacity was associated with an impaired respiratory function as assessed by a decrease in forced vital capacity (p < 0.0001), FEV1 (p < 0.0001), total lung capacity (p < 0.0001) and DLCO (p = 0.015). Moreover, we uncovered a decrease of muscular mass index and grip test in the reduced exercise capacity group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.047 respectively), whilst 38.9% of patients with low exercise capacity had a sarcopenia, compared to 10.9% in those with normal exercise capacity (p = 0.001). Myocardial function was normal with similar systolic and diastolic parameters between groups whilst reduced exercise capacity was associated with a slightly shorter pulmonary acceleration time, despite no pulmonary hypertension.

Conclusion
Three months after a severe COVID-19 pulmonary infection, more than one third of patients had an impairment of exercise capacity which was associated with a reduced pulmonary function, a reduced skeletal muscle mass and function but without any significant impairment in cardiac function.
Why the ongoing occupation of Ukraine matters to ethnobiology
Authors: Stryamets Nataliya , Prakofjewa Julia , Mattalia Giulia , Kalle Raivo , Pruse Baiba , Zocchi Dauro M. , Sõukand Renata , Pieroni Andrea , Fontefrancesco Michele F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEthnobiology and ethnomedicine investigate the continuously changing complex and inextricable relations among culture, nature, and health. Since the emergence of modern ethnobiology a few decades ago, its essence and mission have been the study of biocultural diversities and the centers of its inquiries have been and are local communities and their co-evolutionary interrelationships between natural environments and social systems. At the core of ethnobiologists’ work there are not only conceptualizations of and reflections on others' views about nature and the universe, but also a robust commitment to advocacy in defense of these assemblages of local ecological knowledge, practices, and beliefs (LEK). Homogenization processes and therefore erosion of LEK have occurred throughout history in different ways: from colonialism to industrialization, and from financialization to globalization; however, we cannot forget the role played by centripetal states and even dictatorships in this process, nor the associated political ideology of nationalism, which has often elicited and justified policies aimed at standardizing diversities within state borders. Our research groups have been working since eight years together with local communities in Ukrainian rural areas and documented a remarkable erosion of LEK during the Soviet times, yet an extraordinary surviving biocultural diversity occurs; the ongoing military occupation of Ukraine could further threaten this heritage. While citizens’ attention now should be on effectively supporting those who are experiencing hardships during this traumatic time, ethnobiologists will be called hopefully soon to directly participate in rebuilding the biocultural “cobwebs” damaged by the military operations.
What senior academics can do to support reproducible and open research: a short, three-step guide
Authors: Kowalczyk Olivia S. , Lautarescu Alexandra , Blok Elisabet , Dall’Aglio Lorenza , Westwood Samuel J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIncreasingly, policies are being introduced to reward and recognise open research practices, while the adoption of such practices into research routines is being facilitated by many grassroots initiatives. However, despite this widespread endorsement and support, as well as various efforts led by early career researchers, open research is yet to be widely adopted. For open research to become the norm, initiatives should engage academics from all career stages, particularly senior academics (namely senior lecturers, readers, professors) given their routine involvement in determining the quality of research. Senior academics, however, face unique challenges in implementing policy changes and supporting grassroots initiatives. Given that—like all researchers—senior academics are motivated by self-interest, this paper lays out three feasible steps that senior academics can take to improve the quality and productivity of their research, that also serve to engender open research. These steps include changing (a) hiring criteria, (b) how scholarly outputs are credited, and (c) how we fund and publish in line with open research principles. The guidance we provide is accompanied by material for further reading.
Germline variants in genes of the subcortical maternal complex and Multilocus Imprinting Disturbance are associated with miscarriage/infertility or Beckwith–Wiedemann progeny
Authors: Tannorella Pierpaola , Calzari Luciano , Daolio Cecilia , Mainini Ester , Vimercati Alessandro , Gentilini Davide , Soli Fiorenza , Pedrolli Annalisa , Bonati Maria Teresa , Larizza Lidia , Russo Silvia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBeckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS, OMIM # 130650) is an imprinting disorder, associated with overgrowth and increased risk of embryonal tumors. Patients carrying hypomethylation in the KCNQ1OT1:TSS DMR (11p15.5) show MLID (Multilocus Imprinting Disturbance) upon epimutations at other imprinted regions. Few cases of BWS MLID’s mothers with biallelic pathogenetic variants in maternal effect genes, mainly components of the subcortical maternal complex, are reported. We describe two families, one with a history of conception difficulties with a novel homozygous nonsense NLRP2 variant and another experiencing 8 miscarriages with a compound heterozygous PADI6 variant.
Common childhood illnesses: a cross-sectional study of commodity stocking patterns and management knowledge among patent and proprietary medicine vendors in Nigeria
Authors: Akuiyibo Selema Margaret , Anyanti Jennifer , Amoo Babatunde Abiodun , Aizobu Dennis , Idogho Omokhudu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The trio of commonest illnesses and causes mortality among children under five (Malaria, Pneumonia and Diarrhea) are easily treatable through timely exposure to cost effective interventions at the community level. Patent and proprietary medicine vendors (PPMVs) are a leading source of care for illnesses among under-five children in Nigeria. This study was designed to explore child health services offering, particularly commodity stocking patterns and case management knowledge for common childhood illnesses among PPMVs in Ebonyi and Kaduna States.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among PPMVs in four local government areas across Ebonyi and Kaduna States. Data was collected using semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. Information was obtained on medicine and supplies, knowledge of common childhood illnesses management and referral practices.

Results
A total of 374 PPMVs were interviewed; the mean age was 33.7 ± 9.8 years. Among the 132 health trained respondents, 59.0% offer treatment services for sick children while 83.5% of the non-health trained respondents offer the same service. At least, 88.0% of the respondents keep stock ACTs, Amoxycilin DT, ORS and Zinc. About 38.5% reported stock-out of ACTs in the month preceding the study, 55.1% reported stock out lasting only 0 to 6 days. Only 83 (22.2%) of respondents knew the correct diagnosis of fast breathing among children aged 2 to less than 12 months old. Education and health training background were associated with a good knowledge of common childhood illnesses management (X2 = 44.88, p < 0.001; X2 = 27.14, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The relative constant availability of medicines and commodities for managing childhood illnesses positions PPMVs as a preferred source of care for these illnesses. There is a need to complement steady stock availability with provision of quality services by exposing PPMVs to trainings on integrated community case management of childhood illnesses and implementation of robust supervision mechanism to monitor them.
Asymmetric sharing of pollinator fig wasps between two sympatric dioecious fig trees: a reflection of supply and demand or differences in the size of their figs?
Authors: Yu Hui , Zhang Zhiwei , Liu Lu , Cheng Yufen , Deng Xiaoxia , Segar Simon T. , Compton Stephen G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundHost specificity among pollinator fig wasps (Agaonidae) depends on host plant specific volatile cues, but fig wasps must also pass through a narrow physical barrier (the ostiole) if they are to pollinate and oviposit. Across South East Asia the dioecious shrubFicus hirtais associated with at least ten pollinator species allied toValisia javana.Ficus trilobahas a single recorded pollinator,Valisia esquirolianae. Receptive figs ofF. hirtaare usually much smaller than those ofF. triloba, but at a mainland site whereF. hirtahas atypically large figs we identified bothV. esquirolianaeandV. javanafrom bothFicusspecies using COI and ITS2 sequencing. To investigate whether this host overlap was exceptional we reared fig wasps from the two trees elsewhere and recorded features that may facilitate host transfer between them, including attractant volatiles, reproductive phenology and the sizes of their figs and fig wasps.ResultsThe twoFicusspecies were found to support bothValisiaspecies at several of the sites, suggesting that the differences we detected in volatile profiles, ostiole sizes and pollinator head sizes are not strict barriers to host sharing.Valisia javanacolonisedF. trilobamore frequently thanV. esquirolianaecolonisedF. hirta.ConclusionsThis asymmetric sharing of pollinators may reflect the relative abundance of the two species of fig wasps and differences in host reproductive phenology. Asynchronous flowering of individualF. hirtamay favor local retention of pollinators, in contrast to the tree-wide synchrony ofF. trilobafigs, which can generate local shortages ofV. esquirolianae.If the pollinator sharing by male figs ofF. trilobaandF. hirtaalso occurs in female figs then this could result in gene flow between them.
A dual-functional flexible sensor based on defects-free Co-doped ZnO nanorods decorated with CoO clusters towards pH and glucose monitoring of fruit juices and human fluids
Authors: Hilal Muhammad , Yang Woochul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHerein, ZnO nanorods were doped with Co and decorated with CoO clusters through an in situ technique to create a CoO/Co-doped ZnO (CO/CZO) heterostructure at low temperatures (150 °C) on a flexible PET substrate. In the CO/CZO heterostructure, the Co dopant has a low energy barrier to substitute Zn atoms and adsorb over oxygen atoms and their vacancies. Therefore, it decreased the charge density (ND = 2.64 × 1019 cm−3) on non-active sites of ZnO and lowered the charge transfer resistance (317 Ω) at Co-doped-ZnO/electrolyte interface by suppressing the native defects and reducing the Schottky barrier height (− 0.35 eV), respectively. Furthermore, CoO clusters induced a p-n heterostructure with Co-doped ZnO, prevented corrosion, increased the active sites for analyte absorption, and increased the ultimate tensile strength (4.85 N m−2). These characteristics enabled the CO/CZO heterostructure to work as a highly sensitive, chemically stable, and flexible pH and glucose oxidation electrode. Therefore, CO/CZO heterostructure was explored for pH monitoring in human fluids and fruit juices, demonstrating a near-Nernst-limit pH sensitivity (52 mV/pH) and fast response time (19 s) in each human fluid and fruit juice. Also, it demonstrated high sensitivity (4656 µM mM−1 cm−2), low limit of detection (0.15 µM), a broad linear range (0.04 mM to 8.85 mM) and good anti-interference capacity towards glucose-sensing. Moreover, it demonstrated excellent flexibility performances, retained 53% and 69% sensitivity of the initial value for pH and glucose sensors, respectively, after 500 bending, stretching, and warping cycles.
Graphical Abstract