bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notions of Uniformity
Authors: Shaw James R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter begins by reminding that Wittgenstein makes extensive use of “notions of uniformity” like “regularity,” “sameness,” and “similarity” in his Grammatical Investigation, and that using these tools appears to afford a simple “naïve” reply to the meaning skeptic. The details of this naïve reply are explored in detail, and it is argued that Wittgenstein’s careful application of notions of uniformity helps to show why there are no obstacles in appealing to these notions in replying to the meaning skeptic. The details of this resolution are compared to the resolutions offered by Saul Kripke (on Wittgenstein’s behalf) and David Lewis, each of which bring out distinctive features of the “Wittgensteinean” resolution proposed.
“Religious Passion Tore Us Apart”
Authors: Voekel Pamela 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In May of 1829, victorious liberals revealed a strategy that ensured that their reign in the Federal Republic of Central America would last less than a decade. They deployed the state to create their vision of a godly republic. They banished the archbishop to Havana; exiled the regular orders (with the exception of the Bethlehemites) and seized their property; drastically reduced the number of religious holidays; banned religious processions from the streets; issued edicts to move burials from churches to suburban cemeteries; and attempted to end required clerical celibacy. Under the motto “God, Union, Liberty”—a devout riposte to the secular trio of “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”—these reformed Catholics wrote their religious priorities into law, and, in so doing, sealed their fate.
Conclusion
Authors: Voekel Pamela 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Reform Catholic International that animated republican movements and fought for local control of churches across the Atlantic world was characterized by widely shared transregional intellectual production and by site-specific creativity—hardly surprising given the church’s three-century presence in Spanish America. This reformist current of the church provided the language to talk about new forms of political representation. Reform Catholicism was not a justification for republicanism ex post facto, not a religious alibi for a secular politics. Rather, the very conceptualization of individual citizens and representative polities sprang from late eighteenth-century religious configurations with deep roots in theological history, as did notions of civil control over the church. In Central America and Mexico, reformers fought to wield the state against the ultramontane church in order to create godly republics.
Ordinary Mysticism, the Hyperbolic, and the Supernormal
Authors: Ó Maoilearca John 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The concept of the “supernormal” is introduced as a means to exit from a substantive duality between natural and supernatural, or between the normal and the paranormal, by thinking in terms of differences of degree rather than of kind, of (heterogeneous) continuities: extracting the supernatural by natural means. It is opposed to the hyperbolic stance that views the supernatural in terms of qualitative difference. Examples of ghosts and time travel are used to illustrate this paradigm. The possibility of an “ordinary mysticism,” a mysticism rendered ordinary through supernormalization, is then introduced. Such an ordinary mysticism would change the way we see the extraordinary by enfolding it within the ordinary while also showing how esoteric knowledge might be equal (continuous) with supposedly more “accessible” forms of knowledge, such as philosophy. We begin to show how mystical experience can be immanent within ordinary experience, just as mystical thought can be immanent within philosophy.
On Watery Logic, or Magical Thinking
Authors: Ó Maoilearca John 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This section looks at the central image of water operating in both Henri and Mina Bergson’s systems of thought. Beginning first by discussing the use of imagery as a crucial heuristic in the work of both figures, the themes of the feminine, nourishment, giving, and the gift are all tied together in the image of water. The logic of water in Bergson’s peculiar writing style is then examined, before looking at his theory of anthropomorphic fabulation again whereby divinities emanate from the water “offered” by a spring. The chapter continues by looking at Mina Bergson’s discussion of “Tattwa visions” and a vision of one of the “elementals,” the “spirit of water” or “Akas of Apas.” It concludes by looking at the use by both Bergsons of vibration and rhythm to communicate with the past, a means of continuing movement, or covarying the past within the present.
Of the Survival of Images
Authors: Ó Maoilearca John 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This section covers in greater depth the place and meaning of the imagination and the image in both Henri and Mina Bergson’s work. The Golden Dawn’s use of Tattwa cards and other diagrammatic imagery is examined in the context of esoteric theories of color. The esoteric and magical idea that the image is not imaginary (or merely representational) is also discussed in terms of Bergson’s monadism of the image in Matter and Memory and his pedagogical use of imagery. This leads to an analysis of some famous images (diagrams) from Matter and Memory, which are arrayed in combination with crucial images used in esoteric (Golden Dawn) practices, forming a kind of “montage collision,” especially of conical imagery. The significance of Mina Bergson’s art and artistic training is addressed, before returning to the topic of sound, rhythm, and vibration in both Mina and Henri Bergson’s thought.
Epilogue
Authors: Ó Maoilearca John 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This short epilogue offers some final reflections on the place of Mina Bergson’s ideas, as a mystic, artist, and social rebel, alongside those of her more respectable brother. It asks the question of where original thought resides in this pairing while also evoking the idea of reciprocal movement first discussed in the Prologue (as a “Reciprocity of Acceleration” in the special theory of relativity), and then brings back the personal memory which began the Introduction to Vestiges.
The Origins of Identity Theory
Authors: Burke Peter J. , Stets Jan E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFour key ideas are discussed in this chapter. First is the role of symbols and meaning for shaping individuals’ perceptions of their world. Second is the ability of the individual to take itself as an object of meaning both from its own and others’ perspectives. Third is the gesture as containing meaning representing the intentions of an actor that also allows an understanding of intentions and goals of others. Finally, there is the idea that the relationship between the individual and the situation is one of a dynamic control system containing active and passive parts that allow constant adjustment of the individual both to fit into its environment and to shape its environment to fit it.
Future Research
Authors: Burke Peter J. , Stets Jan E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this final chapter, the authors discuss areas for future research that are both theoretical and substantive. Theoretical developments include the integration of the structural and perceptual aspects of identity theory, understanding the different sources of identity discrepancies and how reflected, actual, and self-appraisals independently and combined influence behavior and control meanings so that perceptions match the identity standard, and including the micro, meso, and macro levels of social reality in our understanding of identities. Substantive advances include a better understanding of gender identities and racial/ethnic identities, as well as counternormative, non-normative, stigmatized identities, and identities that emerge during transition points.
Values Literacy and Citizenship
Authors: Sadler John Z. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the first of four parts the chapter describes the contemporary breakdown of public civil discourse in the realms of political discourse, social media use, and education for civic engagement. Second, it introduces the concept of “values literacy” as a set of epistemic skills and attitudes for recognizing, analyzing, and interpreting values. Third, the chapter then fleshes out a method of values recognition and analysis and defines values operationally as attitudes or dispositions that are action-guiding and subject to praise or blame. Finally, in the fourth part, the chapter makes the case for how educating the polity in values analysis can deepen and expand civil discourse. The sincere seeker of human flourishing can use values analysis to explode simplistic accounts into complex sets of value trade-offs and compromises, exposing the insincere while revealing potentials for common ground and shared flourishing.
Philosophy and the Art of Human Flourishing
Authors: Moody-Adams Michele 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Philosophy best supports and advances human flourishing when it acknowledges and deepens understanding of the contributions that art can make to a satisfying and well-lived life. Philosophers who promote what Arthur Danto called the “disenfranchisement of art” thus divert us from a critical source of human flourishing. Art can promote constructive transformations in individual lives, encourage and sustain social and political reconciliation, and provide unmatched consolation in response to suffering and adversity. Yet, as John Dewey urged, if communities are to fully realize the contributions that art can make to human well-being, they must find ways to restore continuity between art and everyday experience. This means acknowledging that art is the exercise and application of imagination, creativity, and skill in many domains of interest and concern that are not limited to the preoccupations of the “fine arts.” Further, it means recognizing that living well is itself an art that draws on ways of knowing, and sometimes creatively reimagining, the world that are not accessible except by means of art. If individuals and societies hope to promote human flourishing, they must therefore restore continuity between art and “everyday” experience in their individual lives, as well as in the social, political, and economic institutions within which they lead their lives.
Media-ting Happiness
Authors: Fischer Lucy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Whether cinema can contribute to human flourishing is an open question. If we consider fiction/narrative film, two usual functions are assigned to it: entertainment and art. In arguing for cinema’s role in encouraging human wellness, a paradigm shift is required—imagining the medium as part of the “health care system.” If one chooses to make that case, the question arises as to how movies might do so. Are the best texts those that are predominantly joyful and filled with characters who exude positive emotions and qualities? Or are the best those in which realistic, multi-faceted characters fight to achieve happiness, and the viewer must endure their travails to enjoy their eventual success (e.g., The Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind). The main focus of this chapter will be on two films that directly consider the issue of human satisfaction. Happy-Go-Lucky concerns a young woman who is perennially content, even when encountering those who are troubled or constitutionally downcast. Hector and the Search for Happiness concerns a male psychiatrist who is dissatisfied with his life and undertakes a worldwide quest for the secret to contentment.
Cinema and Creative Community
Authors: Andrew Dudley 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The arts are the fruit and the means of human flourishing. Oddly, this is most apparent during bleak periods. Living in an alarming moment, we should look to earlier moments that seemed dire to those who lived, or failed to live, through them. Auden’s Age of Anxiety, 1935–1947, witnessed the depression, WWII, the Camps, and the A-Bombs. Yet art historians Erwin Panofsky and André Malraux latched onto the cinema as the most promising site for human aspirations because of its popularity and its communal aesthetics. This I trace in inspiring films of that era, and in the enterprise of filmmaking itself, where a potential for social organization exists in “Creative Community.” Charlie Chaplin, Jean Renoir, and John Ford provide examples of an attitude toward mass art that we must measure up to today. Panofsky and Malraux are gone; who will point us to an art in which we can have hope?
Fiendish DevicesHuman Flourishing and the Black Watching Subject
Authors: Scott Ellen C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the possibility of interrogative film criticism as a means for Black flourishing, focusing on an under-heralded Black femme film critic, Almena Davis, editor of the 1940s and 1950s Black newspaper, the Los Angeles Tribune. In her writing, which mixed consideration of film, politics, her children, her dogs, and her “premenstrual tension,” it was precisely her embodied, strident unmasking of Hollywood’s toxic white placidity and plasticity that made her own liminal, gender-porous self-hood legible. Her loose play with Hollywood constructions gave place for the noir, the avant-garde, and the satirical. Davis provides a case study of Black femme, interrogative criticism as a way of life: un-abating, avowedly bitter, borderline hysterical critique gives recourse for the marginalized Black subject watching “America” to draw therapy, life, and possibility. Davis’ model of daily, trenchant critique as self is vital now; we have as much to fear from fascisms of the screen today as we did in Davis’ time.
Sentimental MiseducationWomen Directors Coming of Age
Authors: White Patricia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Drawing on queer and feminist critiques of prescriptive forms of human flourishing, this chapter analyzes films by Greta Gerwig, Dee Rees, and Desirée Akhavan about young female selves at odds with social expectations. Women directors of independent films in the United States are increasing in numbers and earning wider recognition as mainstream Hollywood is scrutinized for its lack of diverse stories and storytellers. But their careers are often limited by a narrative that favors “coming of age,” both as subject matter of their films and as a script for their own emergence. This chapter shows how the thwarted heroine of Ladybird and the persecuted queer protagonists of Pariah and The Miseducation of Cameron Post engage and complicate developmental narratives of happiness and adjustment. It extends that reading to the filmmakers’ own professional strategies.
The Appointment and the First Days
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses the process to appoint Luis Moreno Ocampo as the first ICC’s chief prosecutor. It presents his practice in Argentina as the deputy prosecutor of the “Trial of the Juntas” in 1985, other relevant cases as a national prosecutor, his international activities on anticorruption, and his experience as a visiting professor at Stanford University and Harvard University. It also describes Moreno Ocampo’s planning before taking office as the first chief prosecutor. How do establish priorities? At the same time, he had to recruit the personnel, define the policies, consolidate political and civil society support, and launch cases. The chapter discusses his meetings with experts, diplomats, NGOs, and Sergio Vieira de Mello, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.
Selecting DRC as the First Situation to Be Investigated
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter presents the implementation for the first time of a preliminary examination. It describes the proactive policy to identify a situation to be investigated, the criteria to select DRC as the gravest situation under ICC jurisdiction, and the information obtained to produce an Article 53 report, assessing the jurisdiction and admissibility requirements of the Rome Statute. The prosecution proposed that the lack of national proceedings made the situation admissible without the need to debate if the state was “unwilling” or “unable.” The chapter presents a two-step policy: a prosecution’s independent legal assessment of the court’s jurisdiction followed by activities to obtain cooperation to conduct the investigations. It explains the policy to invite states to refer situations to the ICC facilitating an agreement with the territorial state.
The ICC Shadow in the Uganda Situation
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter presents the discussions between concerned states and the UN to implement the ICC’s arrest warrants against the LRA’s leaders. The UN Security Council tasked the UN peacekeeper forces in the DRC and Sudan to contribute to the ICC arrest warrants’ enforcement. The frustration of the collective approach to arrest LRA leaders facilitated the opening of negotiations with Joseph Kony. The chapter presents the “Juba talks” initiated at Kony’s initiative. The UN Security Council established an agenda that requested peace and justice and the participation of states, the UN secretary-general, and the African Union (AU.) Acholi leaders and Invisible Children, participated in the events. The Juba talks succeeded in creating a multiparty understanding between South Sudan, Uganda, and the DRC, allowing a new interaction between the communities in Northern Uganda and the Ugandan government. The process ended the LRA’s crimes in Uganda, but since 2007, the group has terrorized other communities. Kony used the negotiation process to obtain resources, attacked his own representatives, and strengthened his militia by abducting more children, but this time in the DRC and the Central African Republic. The chapter proposes to evaluate the ICC’s impact on the LRA’s disruption as a part of the activities performed by different actors with conflicting agendas.
The Role of NGOs Referring the Central African Republic Situation
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the jus ad Curiam decisions in the Central African Republic (CAR). It highlights the role of Goungaye Wanfiyo, a local NGO leader that promoted a referral and became the CAR representative before the court. His example disturbs the broad insight that international organizations serve exclusively as vehicles for major-power influence. For the first time, the Office of the Prosecutor has to analyze national relevant proceedings. The chapter presents a debate on the scope of the Prosecution and pre-trial chamber respective authority during the preliminary examination process.
The Office of the Prosecutor Using Its Proprio Motu Authority in Kenya
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses the 2008 Kenya’s post-election violence when top political leaders allegedly committed crimes against humanity to obtain authority. For the first time, the prosecutor used proprio motu authority to trigger the Court intervention. The pre-trial chamber authorized the investigation. Dissipating the reservations during the Rome Conference, the jus ad Curiam independent decisions were accepted even by Kenya’s president and prime minister. A jus ad Curiae decision, to request and to issue summons to appear against six individuals, triggered the first challenge to the admissibility of a case presented by a state. Pre-trial and appeal chambers issued groundbreaking decisions on complementarity. The judges considered that the Kenyan investigations were focused on lower-level perpetrators and the inactivity against the six suspects rendered the case admissible. The rulings consolidated the jurisprudence on “inactivity,” without analyzing “inability” or “unwillingness” and confirmed the prosecution decisions on jurisdiction. The suspects appeared voluntarily, and the pre-trial chamber confirmed the charges against four of them. Two of them, leaders of the opposite camps in 2008, created a ticket and won the 2013 election. They continued appearing before the court as president and vice president, and Kenya remains a Rome Statute’ state party. The chapter describes how a divided UN Security Council rejected the application of Article 16 to suspend the case, and the Assembly of States Parties’ decision to amend the statute to facilitate the trials. The witnesses disappeared or recanted their testimonies, and finally, the cases were vacated.
The Preliminary Examinations Decisions Not to Open an Investigation
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter presents three Office of the Prosecutor jus ad Curiam’s decisions considering that the statute’s requirements to open an investigation were not fulfilled: (a) Venezuela, (b) UK personnel in Iraq, and (c) Palestine. a) the information available in 2006 did not provide a reasonable basis to believe that a crime against humanity was committed in Venezuela. b) the willful killings allegedly committed by UK personnel in Iraq did not reach the specific gravity threshold established by Article 8(1). c) Regarding Palestine, the preliminary examination focused on the Article 12 requirement that a “state” must accept International Criminal Court (ICC) jurisdiction. The chapter describes the Office of the Prosecutor consultations and its decision. After the end of Moreno Ocampo’s tenure, the Office of the Prosecutor reopened these preliminary examinations to analyze new information.
The ICC Investigation in Afghanistan
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter presents one of the consequences of jus ad Bellum decisions in Afghanistan and Iraq as the War on Terror provides incentives to protect the US personnel involved in war crimes and to oppose justice. It distinguishes three policies: first, cover-up and denial; second, minimizing, presenting the facts as isolated incidents originated in a few rogue subordinates that would be punished; and third, forget the past and focus on the future. The first two phases happened during the Bush administration; the Obama presidency developed the third one. President Trump stretched the protection policy and “designated” the prosecutor and the head of the Jurisdiction Division as if they were terrorists “for having directly engaged in an effort to investigate US personnel.” Beyond the different US presidents’ personalities, there is a constant: US strategy to address international terrorism is in open confrontation with any independent judicial scrutiny.