bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic characteristics and dissociation of nitrogen trifluoride under external electric fields: Theoretical study
Authors: Zheng JingYan , Xiao Kelaiti , Abulimiti Bumaliya , Xiang Mei , An Huan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The dissociation of nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) is an important topic of study because the molecule is a highly dangerous greenhouse gas that can persist in the atmosphere for 740 years. In this study, changes in the geometry, orbital energy, spectral properties, and dissociation properties of NF3 when an external electric field was applied were studied by density functional theory. Results show that when the strength of the electric field was increased, the N–3F bond length became longer until it broke, and the energy gap decreased gradually. The dissociation barrier in the potential energy curve gradually decreased with the increase in the electric field strength. When the applied electric field reached 0.05 a.u., the dissociation barrier disappeared, indicating that under the action of a strong applied electric field, NF3 is degraded because of fracture of the N–3F bond. When the application of the electric field was continued, the potential barrier disappeared and dissociation occurred when the N–4F bond was scanned. The stepwise dissociation of nitrogen trifluoride molecules occurred under an electric field intensity of 0.05 a.u. The concerted dissociation of the N–3F and N–4F bonds occurred at an electric field intensity of 0.09 a.u. When the electric field direction was in the negative direction of the z-axis, the NF3 dissociated but no concerted dissociation occurred. These results offer insight into the degradation mechanism under an applied electric field.
Application of the Lennard-Jones potential for calculating the surface tension and the formation enthalpy of a binary solution
Authors: Levinsky Alexander I. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In our previous work on this topic, the Lennard-Jones potential was used to derive a semi-empirical formula relating the enthalpy of vaporization of a liquid to the density of the liquid and vapour at equilibrium with it, and a very good agreement between the formula and experimental data was demonstrated. In the present work, this approach has been further developed. The purpose of this work was to apply the Lennard-Jones potential to derive a semi-empirical formula describing the dependence of the surface tension of a liquid on temperature, as well as the dependence of the formation enthalpy of a binary solution on its composition. Solution formation was considered as consisting of two stages: 1) removal of x moles of the first component and 1– x moles of the second component from pure liquids into vacuum; in this case, the expended energy is equal to the energy of interaction of these molecules with all molecules in the volume of these liquids in accordance with the Lennard-Jones potential; 2) their movement from vacuum to an infinitely large volume of a solution of composition x; in this case, the released energy is equal to the energy of interaction of these molecules with all the molecules of the solution. The enthalpy of solution formation is equal to the algebraic sum of the mentioned interaction energies. Since surface tension is due to the action of the same forces of intermolecular interaction, a similar formula can be used to describe the dependence of surface tension on temperature. A comparison of the derived equations with the experiment shows that the resulting equations are in exceptionally good agreement with the experimental data.
Structural and Functional MRI Data Differentially Predict Chronological Age and Behavioral Memory Performance
Authors: Soch Joram , Richter Anni , Kizilirmak Jasmin M. , Schütze Hartmut , Feldhoff Hannah , Fischer Larissa , Knopf Lea , Raschick Matthias , Schult Annika , Düzel Emrah , Schott Björn H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHuman cognitive abilities decline with increasing chronological age, with decreased explicit memory performance being most strongly affected. However, some older adults show “successful aging,” that is, relatively preserved cognitive ability in old age. One explanation for this could be higher brain-structural integrity in these individuals. Alternatively, the brain might recruit existing resources more efficiently or employ compensatory cognitive strategies. Here, we approached this question by testing multiple candidate variables from structural and functional neuroimaging for their ability to predict chronological age and memory performance, respectively. Prediction was performed using support vector machine (SVM) classification and regression across and within two samples of young (N = 106) and older (N = 153) adults. The candidate variables were (1) behavioral response frequencies in an episodic memory test; (2) recently described functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scores reflecting preservation of functional memory networks; (3) whole-brain fMRI contrasts for novelty processing and subsequent memory; (4) resting-state fMRI maps quantifying voxel-wise signal fluctuation; and (5) gray matter volume estimated from structural MRIs. While age group could be reliably decoded from all variables, chronological age within young and older subjects was best predicted from gray matter volume. In contrast, memory performance was best predicted from task-based fMRI contrasts and particularly single-value fMRI scores, whereas gray matter volume has no predictive power with respect to memory performance in healthy adults. Our results suggest that superior memory performance in healthy older adults is better explained by efficient recruitment of memory networks rather than by preserved brain structure.
Telomere fusions as a signal of term placental aging? A pilot study
Authors: Kohlrausch Fabiana B , Wang Fang , Luo Danxia , Mahn Rebecca , Keefe David L 
Published: November 2022

Lay summary
The placenta plays an essential role at the beginning of life, nourishing and supporting the fetus, but its life span is limited. In late pregnancy, the placenta develops signs of aging, including inflammation and impaired function, which may complicate pregnancy. Placentas also show another sign of aging – cells with extra or missing chromosomes. Chromosomally abnormal cells could gather in the placenta if they get stranded there and/or if the cells do not separate normally. Chromosome separation goes wrong in aging cells when the DNA sequences, which protect the ends of the chromosomes, erode. When chromosomes lose their protective caps, they fuse which leads to abnormal numbers of chromosomes. In this pilot study, for the first time, we found fusions between the caps in a human placenta when it reaches full term. More studies are needed to decide whether this has an influence on how the placenta works and outcomes of pregnancy.
Fundamentalism in Indonesian Political History: A Biography of Isa Anshary
Authors: Adam Yusril Fahmi , Emalia Imas 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to uncover Muslem scholar and politician, Isa Anshary’s thought and practices of the fundamentalism in political actitivies that were not in Indonesian Islamic historiography. MethodThis qualitative study used a library research design which depended on the primary data of written literature or archives related to the research problem. The researchers read the data sources carefully to identify Isa Anshory’s thougth and practices of fundamentalism. The collected information were verified to unveal his thougth, ideas or pracices of fundamentalism in political activities. Results/FindingsThe study identified that Isa Anshary was a figure belonging to the fundamentalism group. His fundamentalism was a result of the strong influence of Al-Afghani, Abduh, Ridla and A Hassan. These various influences had become a stimulus for Isa Anshary to voice Islamic ideology and show a tough attitude in politics. ConclusionThis study concluded that Isa Anshary's fundamentalism in politics was a response to the post-independence political situation which was considered unsettled and aimed to protect the Islamic faith from the threat of secularism and communism
A Qualitative Inquiry of Politeness Approaches through Gender Category: Evidences from University Students in Aceh
Authors: Akmal Saiful , Husna Halimatun , Maulida Titin Arifa , Farkhan Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study examines the politeness strategies employed by male and female students and its differences across genders. MethodTo collect data for this qualitative study, 16 participants (with equally eight male and female students) were purposefully opted from the Department of English Language Education at UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh. Eleven situations created to obtain responses from students using a semi-structured interview. The framework of analysis is based on Brown and Levinson’s politeness strategy. Results/FindingsThe study found that male and female students use four politeness strategies. They are (a) bald on record; (b) positive politeness; (c) negative politeness; and (d) off-record. The results indicated that positive politeness is the most prevalent strategy, while bald on record is the least utilized strategy. The politeness strategy was utilized when the participants wanted to express their view to classmates or lecturers. The students performed the strategy because they wanted to support their beliefs or statements unswervingly. Male students used more positive politeness and expresses ideas more directly than female students. ConclusionThe study concluded that both male and female students at the Department of English Language Education, UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh exercised all varieties of politeness strategies. The most applied approaches were positive politeness strategy, followed by the negative politeness strategy, off-record and eventually bald on record as the least frequent politeness strategy.
A Note on Triple Repetition Sequence of Domination Number in Graphs
Authors: Casinillo Leomarich F. , Casinillo Emily L. , Ocampo Lanndon A. 
Published: November 2022

A set D subset of V(G) is a dominating set of a graph G if for all x ϵ V(G)\D, for some y ϵ D such that xy ϵ E(G). A dominating set D subset of V(G) is called a connected dominating set of a graph G if the subgraph <D> induced by D is connected. A connected domination number of G, denoted by γ_c(G), is the minimum cardinality of a connected dominating set D. The triple repetition sequence denoted by {S_n:n ϵ Z+} is a sequence of positive integers which is repeated thrice, i.e., {S_n}={1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3, ...}. In this paper, we construct a combinatorial explicit formula for the triple repetition sequence of connected domination numbers of a triangular grid graph.Keywords: connected domination number; triangular grid graph; triple repetition sequence. AbstrakSuatu himpunan D subhimpunan dari V(G) adalah himpunan pendominasi graf G apabila untuk semua x ϵ V(G)\D, untuk suatu y ϵ D sehingga xy ϵ E(G). Suatu himpunan pendominasi D subhimpunan dari V(G) dikatakan himpunan pendominasi terhubung dari graf G apabila subgraf <D> yang diinduksi oleh D terhubung. Suatu bilangan pendominasi dari G, dinotasikan dengan γ_c(G), adalah kardinalitas minimum dari himpunan pendominasi terhubung D. Barisan pengulangan rangkap tiga yang dinotasikan dengan {S_n:n ϵ Z+} adalah suatu barisan bilangan bulat positif yang setiap sukunya berulang tiga kali, yakni, {S_n}={1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3, ...}. Dalam paper ini dikonstruksi suatu rumus eksplisit kombinatorial untuk barisan pengulangan rangkap tiga dari bilangan pendominasi terhubung graf grid triangular.Kata Kunci: bilangan pendominasi terhubung; graf grid triangular; barisan pengulangan rangkap tiga. 2020MSC: 05C69
Insurance Premium Formulation for Agricultural Commodity Prices
Authors: Wendra Betri 
Published: November 2022

This research develops the appropriate formula to determine insurance premiums on agricultural commodity prices that provide coverage to policyholders for losses caused by falling prices. The price component is assumed to follow the Brownian Geometric motion in determining the insurance premiums for agricultural commodity prices. So, through the Ito process, a target price can be selected and is used as a reference to determine whether a claim can be made or not at harvest time. The approach of the Black-Scholes model is used to construct an appropriate model to determine insurance premiums of agricultural commodity prices due to a decrease in prices from the expected price. A simulation study is carried out using daily price data for red chili commodities in the Jambi province in 2020 with several assumptions made based on literature studies and farmers’ common habits in Jambi. The simulation results indicate that the average return is -0.001069649, and the standard deviation is 0.07297269. Thus, the expected estimated value of the profit rate is -0.001069649, and the estimated volatility value is 0.07297269. Furthermore, using the target price value, the red chili price insurance premium for a one-planting period with an area of one hectare is Rp. 1,527,088.Keywords: agriculture insurance; Black-Scholes model; European option; Ito process. AbstrakPenelitian ini mengembangkan formula yang sesuai untuk menetapkan harga premi asuransi harga komoditas hasil pertanian yang memberikan pertanggungan kepada nasabah atas kerugian yang disebabkan oleh turunnya harga. Dalam menentukan premi asuransi harga komoditas hasil pertanian, komponen harga diasumsikan bergerak mengikuti Gerak Brownian Geometrik. Sehingga melalui proses Ito dapat ditentukan target harga yang akan dijadikan acuan untuk menentukan klaim atau tidaknya nasabah pada saat panen. Pendekatan model Black-Scholes digunakan untuk mengkonstruksi model yang sesuai untuk menentukan premi asuransi harga komoditas hasil pertanian yang disebabkan karena turunnya harga komoditas dari harga yang diharapkan. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan data harga harian komoditas cabe merah di Provinsi Jambi tahun 2020 dengan beberapa asumsi yang dibangun berdasarkan kajian literatur dan kebiasaan umum petani di Provinsi Jambi. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata return adalah -0,001069649 dan standar deviasi 0,07297269. Sehingga diperoleh nilai estimasi tingkat keuntungan yang diinginkan sebesar -0,001069649, dan nilai estimasi volatilitas sebesar 0,07297269 . Selanjutnya, menggunakan nilai target harga diperoleh premi asuransi harga cabe merah untuk 1 periode tanam dengan luas lahan 1 hektar sebesar Rp. 1.527.088.Kata Kunci: asuransi pertanian; model Black-Scholes; opsi eropa; proses Ito. 2020MSC: 62P05
Comparison of the short-term complications of TTA-rapid and modified cTTA procedures
Authors: Zólyomi Dorottya , Ipolyi Tamás , Molnár Péter , Papp Márton , Szalay Ferenc , Németh Tibor 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objective of this retrospective study was to determine the complications of the first 30 tibial tuberosity advancement rapid (TTA-rapid) and 30 modified circular tibial tuberosity advancement (mcTTA) procedures performed by our team, and to compare the results with the findings reported in the literature. Our research was based on 30 procedures in each group. All dogs were client-owned. Data were collected only for the study of cases that had a minimum follow-up period of 3 months. Intraoperative (IO) and postoperative (PO) complications were assessed, with the latter divided into two subgroups: major and minor. Results obtained for the TTA-rapid group: IO complications 23.3% (7/30), major PO complications 13.3% (4/30), minor PO complications 16.7% (5/30). Results of the mcTTA group: IO complications 0% (0/30), major PO complications 3.3% (1/30), minor PO complications 20% (6/30). Comparing the complication rates, we found that there was a significant difference between the two groups in the occurrence of IO complications (P = 0.01054); however, there was no significant difference in the incidence of major (P = 0.3533) and minor (P > 0.9999) PO complications between groups. Our results are consistent with the findings reported in the literature and suggest that both techniques are efficient and carry a relatively low complication rate.
Attila's Invasion of Gaul in 451 and Re-horsing the Huns
Authors: Linn Jason 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTA debate has emerged on whether the fifth-century Huns evolved into foot soldiers or remained the same horse archers of the steppes as they had been in the fourth century. So far, the debate has focused on ecological and literary evidence. This paper approaches the argument from an angle neither side has considered: the distances Attila travelled. By examining how far the Huns covered on their longest raid and adducing comparative evidence of pre-modern armies on the march, this paper argues that Attila's Huns remained horse warriors.
Emberarcú mesterséges intelligencia
Authors: Kampis György 
Published: November 2022

Összefoglalás. A jelen írás alapja a témában tartott előadásom.
Először általános kérdésekkel foglalkozom, majd a tervezett „EU AI Act”-ről lesz
szó, utána egy VW projektet ismertetek röviden, majd a „megmagyarázható MI”-ről
fogok beszélni, aztán egy saját, hazai kezdeményezésről, az Alfi projektről
teszek említést. Végezetül egy kitekintés zárja le az írást.
Summary. This writing is based on a lecture on the topic. In my
other (German) affiliation I am manager of a large-scale EU project called
“HumanE AI Net” (funded with 12m Euro) comprising 53 leading EU institutions,
including large universities (UCL London, LMU Munich, Sorbonne, Sussex or ELTE),
networks of research institutes (Fraunhofer, Max Planck Gesellschaft, INRIA, CNR
Italy), large international companies (ING Bank, SAP, Philips, Airbus), etc. In
the writing I discuss general issues related to Humane AI, the planned EU AI
Act, social credit systems, explainable AI, and the Alphie project,
respectively.
In April 2021, the European Commission proposed a regulation on artificial
intelligence, known as the AI Act. The regulation aims at
human-faced AI in a European dimension. Although it is still only a draft, the
stakes are high. The planned law has, however, faults (I maintain here), to be
corrected before the text passes as law.
Another subject to discuss is the study – and prohibition (at least in Europe) –
of social credit systems. The original “Social Credit System”
is a national credit rating and blacklist developed by the Government of the
People’s Republic of China. Proponents of the system claim that it helps
regulate social behaviour, improves citizens’ ‘trustworthiness’ (which includes
paying taxes and bills on time) and promotes the spread of traditional moral
values. Critics of the system, however, argue that it goes far beyond the rule
of law and violates the legitimate rights of people – in particular, the right
to reputation, privacy and personal dignity – and that it can be a tool for
extensive government surveillance and suppression of dissent.
“Explainable AI” (XAI) has become a hot topic in recent years.
AI applications are mostly “opaque”: this is especially true for learning
systems and by definition for neural networks (NN). The current fashion, “deep
learning”, usually means the application of a particularly opaque NN anyway. It
is natural not to know what the system is doing and why. So, let’s change that!
With this tenet, XAI was born. I review some solutions to the problem.
In the writing I also mention an application, Alphie, the first
version of which was done in the OTKA project “Good Mobile” and is now supported
by the MI National Laboratory. Alphie is a science-based playful application for
children that helps them to use digital tools more consciously and within
limits, while developing a variety of skills. It performs the functions of a
‘grandmother’ who shows emotions towards the child: can be e.g. angry, loving,
etc. The application makes the corresponding sounds (!) and facilitates real
social interactions (e.g. sends the child to play football (!).
The impact of environmental costs dimensions on the financial performance of Iraqi industrial companies with the role of environmental disclosure as a mediator
Authors: Al-Waeli Abbas , Ismail Zuriadah , Hanoon Raad , Khalid Azam 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to examine the impact of environmental costs dimensions on the financial performance of Iraqi industrial companies with the role of environmental disclosure as a mediator. The data was collected from annual reports of 25 selected companies of the Iraqi stock exchange and oil sector from 2014 to 2018. The results show that the average percentage of environmental disclosure in the industrial companies selected in this study was 20.0 % and the mean found was 20.2 %. The results also showed that environmental costs (contingent costs and external social costs) positively influence financial performance, while contingent costs, social costs, hidden costs, and Image & relationship costs show a positive influence on environmental disclosure. The findings revealed that environmental disclosure was positively significant in affecting financial performance. It was found that environmental disclosure fully mediated the relationship between environmental costs (hidden costs and Image & relationship costs) and financial performance. Environmental disclosure partially mediated the relationship between environmental costs (Contingent costs, and social costs) and financial performance. There is no mediation of environmental disclosure for the impact of Conventional costs on financial performance. It was also found that environmental disclosure mediated the impact of environmental costs (Conventional costs, Image & relationship costs, and External social costs) on financial performance. This indicates advantages for companies that produce less moderate environmental disclosure and enables them to gain investors’ confidence. This study's implications provide insights into the implementation of the measurement of environmental costs and environmental disclosure in Iraq.
Determining features of the stressed state of a passenger car frame with an energy-absorbing material in the girder beam
Authors: Lovska Alyona , Stanovska Iraida , Nerubatskyi Volodymyr , Hordiienko Denys , Zinchenko Olena , Karpenko Nadiia , Semenenko Yurii 
Published: November 2022

The object of this study is the processes related to the emergence, perception, and redistribution of loads in the improved structure of a passenger car frame. The scientific and applied task tackled in this paper is to ensure the strength of the supporting structure of a passenger car under operating loads. In this regard, it is proposed to improve the frame of a passenger car by constructing a girder beam from two rectangular pipes filled with material with energy-absorbing properties. The regularities of the frame load have been determined by taking into consideration the proposed solutions. It was found that the maximum equivalent stresses in the frame, taking its improvement into account, are 11.2 % lower than in the structure without filler, and 11.7 % lower than in the typical design. The results reported here are explained by the fact that the use of rectangular pipes filled with energy-absorbing material contributes to an increase in the moment of resistance of the frame, and, accordingly, reduces stresses.
In addition, the study has determined the natural oscillation frequencies of the frame. The results of the calculation of the strength of the weld in the zone of interaction of the girder beam with the pivot beams are given.
A feature of the results obtained is that the improvement in the strength of the frame is achieved not by strengthening its components but reducing the load.
The scope of practical application of the reported results concerns railroad transportation, as well as other sectors of mechanical engineering. The conditions for the practical use of these findings are the introduction of closed profiles in the structure of vehicles at the stage of their design and modernization.
This study could help reduce the cost of maintaining passenger cars and improve the efficiency of their operation. In addition, the research might prove useful for designing modern railroad car structures