bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization Increased Hamstring Mobility
Authors: Doeringer Jeffrey R. , Ramirez Ramon , Colas Megan 
Published: August 2022

Context: Limited research reveals that the use of different soft tissue mobilization techniques increases tissue mobility in different regions of the body. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a difference between administering instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) and therapeutic cupping (TC) on hamstring tightness. Design: Subjects attended one session wherein treatment and leg order were randomized before attending the session. A statistical analysis was completed using a 2 (intervention) × 2 (time) repeated-measures analysis of variance at α level ≤ .05. Participants: Thirty-three subjects between the age of 18–35 years old with bilateral hamstring tightness participated in this study. Interventions: The IASTM and TC were administered on different legs for 5 minutes and over the entire area of the hamstring muscles. One TC was moved over the entire treatment area in a similar fashion as the IASTM. Main Outcome Measures: The intervention measurements included soreness numeric rating scale, Sit-n-Reach (single leg for side being tested), goniometric measurement for straight-leg hip-flexion motion, and superficial skin temperature. The timeline for data collection included: (1) intervention measurements for the first randomized leg, (2) 5-minute treatment with the first intervention treatment, (3) intervention measurements repeated for postintervention outcomes, and (4) repeat the same steps for 1 to 3 with the contralateral leg and the other intervention. Results: There was a main effect over time for Sit-n-Reach, measurement (pre-IASTM—29.50 [8.54], post-IASTM—32.11 [8.31] and pre-TC—29.67 [8.21], post-TC—32.05 [8.25]) and goniometric measurement (pre-IASTM—83.45 [13.86], post-IASTM—92.73 [13.20] and pre-TC—83.76 [11.97], post-TC—93.67 [12.15]; P < .05). Conclusion: Both IASTM and TC impacted hamstring mobility during a single treatment using only an instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization technique without any additional therapeutic intervention.
101 Motor and non-motor features of prodromal PD
Authors: Rees Richard , Simonet Cristina , Gill Aneet , Giovannoni Gavin , Bestwick Jonathan , Lees Andrew , Noyce Alastair , Schrag Anette 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionA range of non-motor features can be evident at the point of diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD).ObjectivesTo identify non-motor features of prodromal PD in participants from the PREDICT-PD study.MethodsHigher-risk (HR) (odds of PD >1:30) and matched lower-risk (LR) participants from PREDICT-PD and PD patients underwent validated clinical assessments, in which the assessor was blinded to risk scores, including MDS-UPDRS I-III, other functional motor tasks, and standardised assessments of cognition, autonomic function, pain and sleep.Results28 LR, 31 HR and 22 PD patients were examined. HR participants were more impaired than LR in all motor tasks, as well as the SCOPA-AUT, PD Sleep scale, HADS and MDS-UPDRS I & II. There were no sig- nificant differences between HR and PD, other than for the MDS-UPDRS part II, part III, the gastrointestinal sub-score of the SCOPA-AUT, and measured orthostatic hypotension. In all domains tested there was a relationship between the log odds of PD risk and dysfunction using linear regression.ConclusionThis study provides strong evidence that non-motor features are prominent in at-risk indi- viduals, as well as mild motor impairment, and that these symptoms and signs are similar to patients with established PD. Further follow-up will establish which patients develop the cardinal motor signs necessary for a clinical diagnosis of PD.
188 SUNFISH 3-year efficacy and safety of risdiplam in types 2 and 3 SMA
Authors: Servais Laurent , Day John W , Mazzone Elena S , Nascimento Andres , Oskoui Maryam , Baranello Giovanni , Gerber Marianne , Martin Carmen , Yeung Wai Yin , Mercuri Eugenio 
Published: August 2022

Risdiplam (EVRYSDI®) is an oral survival of motor neuron 2 (SMN2) premRNA splicing modifier approved by the EMA and MHRA for the treatment of patients aged ≥2 months, with a clinical diagnosis of Type 1, 2 or 3 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) or 1–4 copies of SMN2.SUNFISH (NCT02908685) is a two-part, randomised, placebocontrolled, double-blind study in a broad population of patients aged 2–25 years with Type 2/3 SMA. Part 2 assesses the efficacy and safety of the Part 1-selected dose of risdiplam versus placebo in Type 2 and non-ambulant Type 3 SMA. Participants were treated with risdiplam or placebo for 12 months; all participants then received risdiplam until Month 24. At Month 24, patients were offered the opportunity to enter the openlabel extension.The primary outcome of Part 2 – change from baseline to Month 12 in the 32-item Motor Function Measure total score in patients treated with risdiplam (n=120) versus placebo (n=60) – was met. Gains observed with risdiplam at Month 12 were maintained or improved upon at Month 24. At Month 24, there were no treatment-related safety findings leading to withdrawal. Here we present efficacy and safety data of patients who have received risdiplam for 36 months.
006 A novel approach in the management of functional neurological disorder in the hyper-acute setting
Authors: Shivji Dhiren , Petrochilos Panayiota , Balaratnam Michelle , Lane Charlie , Nicholson Clare , See Isaiah , Alim-Marvasti Ali-Jesus , Chandratheva Arvind , Simister Robert , Haider Salman 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionFunctional Neurological Disorder (FND) is common and can lead to multiple emergency department (ED) presentations and unnecessary investigation. Early identification and intervention have been shown to reduce health care costs and re-presentation to acute services by more than 50%1.We created a pilot model to provide early access to a multi-disciplinary FND team for patients assessed by the ED-embedded neurology team (Stroke or Neurology SDEC pathway) to have a new diagnosis of FND. The MDT provided patients with individualised information about FND, pathway navigation, and shown self-management tools.MethodsWe reviewed data for all patients seen to date by the pilot service.ResultsSince commencement in November 2021, nine patients have been seen by the MDT. All patients were seen within two weeks by a neurophysiotherapist and neuropsychiatrist with neurology support.6 were female and median age was 41 years. All presented with limb weakness and/or sensory distur- bance. 7 reported prior anxiety or depression. 6 had psychiatric factors, including Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder and health anxiety. Follow up, 2 of the 9 patients so far demonstrated reduced health anxiety and increased confidence.ConclusionAn acute FND pathway can provide timely intervention and reduce symptoms for new presentations with FND.1. Stepped care for functional neurological disorder, A new approach to improving outcomes for a common neurological problem in Scotland. Report and Recommendations, NHS Improvement, February 2012
Effectiveness and Safety of High-Power Radiofrequency Ablation Guided by Ablation Index for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Zhu Xuefeng , Wang Chunxiao , Chu Hongxia , Li Wenjing , Zhou Huihui , Zhong Lin , Li Jianping 
Published: August 2022

Background. To investigate the efficacy and safety of ablation index- (AI-) guided high-power radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods. Outcomes of radiofrequency (RF) applications were compared in a swine ventricular endocardial model (

n
=
10

each for 50 W, 40 W, and 30 W;

AI
=
500

). And a total of 100 consecutive patients with paroxysmal AF undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) were included. The patients were divided into two groups (

n
=
50

for each) as follows: control group, treated with conventional power (30 W) ablation mode; and study group, treated with high power (40 W) radiofrequency ablation mode. All groups were treated with the same AI value guided the ablation (

target

AI
=
400
/
500

on posterior/anterior wall, respectively). Acute pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection was assessed post adenosine administration 20 minutes after ablation. Subsequently, pathological observation of porcine heart lesions and necrotic tissue was performed. Additionally, statistical analyses were carried out on patients’ baseline clinical characteristics, surgical data, and total RF energy. Results. In swine ventricular endocardial RF applications, compared with 40 W and 30 W, the use of 50 W was associated with shallower tissue lesion depth (

p
<
0.001

) and greater lesion maximum diameter (

p
<
0.001

). Compared with 40 W and 30 W, tissue necrosis caused by 50 W was the deepest and largest (

p
<
0.001

). In pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), there was no significant difference in baseline data between the study group and control group (

p
>
0.05

). In patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, the procedure time in the high-power group was significantly shortened (

p
<
0.001

). The ablation time was significantly shorter (

p
<
0.001

). Compared with control group, RF energy per point and acute pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection were lower (

p
<
0.001

), and first-pass PVI was higher (

p
<
0.01

) in study group. There were no significant differences in complications and sinus rhythm maintenance at 12 months between the two groups (

p
>
0.05

). Conclusions. Compared with conventional (30 W) PVI, AI-guided high-power (40 W) was safe and associated with shorter procedure time and reduced acute PV reconnection.
A Mathematical Modeling Analysis of Racism and Corruption Codynamics with Numerical Simulation as Infectious Diseases
Authors: Kotola Belela Samuel , Teklu Shewafera Wondimagegnhu 
Published: August 2022

Racism and corruption are mind infections which affect almost all public and governmental sectors. However, we cannot find enough published literatures on mathematical model analyses of racism and corruption coexistence. In this study, we have contemplated the dynamics of racism and corruption coexistence in communities, using deterministic compartmental model to analyze and suggest proper control strategies to stakeholders. We used qualitative and comprehensive mathematical methods and analyzed both the racism model in the absence of corruption and the corruption model in the absence of racism. We have computed basic reproduction numbers by applying the next generation matrix method. The developed model has a disease-free equilibrium point that is locally asymptotically stable whenever the reproduction number is less than one. Additionally, we have done sensitivity analysis to observe the effect of the parameters on the incidence and transmission of the mind infections that deduce the transmission rates of both the racism and corruption are highly sensitive. The numerical simulation we have simulated showed that the endemic equilibrium point of racism and corruption coexistence model is locally asymptotically stable when

max

R

r

,

R

c

>
1

, the effects of parameters on the basic reproduction numbers, and the effect of parameter on the infectious groups. Finally, the stakeholders must focus on minimizing the transmission rates and increasing the recovery (removed) rate for both racism and corruption action which can be considered prevention and controlling strategies.
Ischemia-Selective Cardioprotection by Malonate for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Prag Hiran A. , Aksentijevic Dunja , Dannhorn Andreas , Giles Abigail V. , Mulvey John F. , Sauchanka Olga , Du Luping , Bates Georgina , Reinhold Johannes , Kula-Alwar Duvaraka , Xu Zhelong , Pellerin Luc , Goodwin Richard J. A. , Murphy Michael P. , Krieg Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Inhibiting SDH (succinate dehydrogenase), with the competitive inhibitor malonate, has shown promise in ameliorating ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, key for translation to the clinic is understanding the mechanism of malonate entry into cells to enable inhibition of SDH, its mitochondrial target, as malonate itself poorly permeates cellular membranes. The possibility of malonate selectively entering the at-risk heart tissue on reperfusion, however, remains unexplored.

Methods:
C57BL/6J mice, C2C12 and H9c2 myoblasts, and HeLa cells were used to elucidate the mechanism of selective malonate uptake into the ischemic heart upon reperfusion. Cells were treated with malonate while varying pH or together with transport inhibitors. Mouse hearts were either perfused ex vivo (Langendorff) or subjected to in vivo left anterior descending coronary artery ligation as models of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Succinate and malonate levels were assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry LC-MS/MS, in vivo by mass spectrometry imaging, and infarct size by TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride) staining.

Results:
Malonate was robustly protective against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, but only if administered at reperfusion and not when infused before ischemia. The extent of malonate uptake into the heart was proportional to the duration of ischemia. Malonate entry into cardiomyocytes in vivo and in vitro was dramatically increased at the low pH (≈6.5) associated with ischemia. This increased uptake of malonate was blocked by selective inhibition of MCT1 (monocarboxylate transporter 1). Reperfusion of the ischemic heart region with malonate led to selective SDH inhibition in the at-risk region. Acid-formulation greatly enhances the cardioprotective potency of malonate.

Conclusions:
Cardioprotection by malonate is dependent on its entry into cardiomyocytes. This is facilitated by the local decrease in pH that occurs during ischemia, leading to its selective uptake upon reperfusion into the at-risk tissue, via MCT1. Thus, malonate’s preferential uptake in reperfused tissue means it is an at-risk tissue-selective drug that protects against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Backyard Hydroclimatology: Citizen Scientists Contribute to Drought Detection and Monitoring
Authors: Lackstrom Kirsten , Farris Amanda , Ward Rebecca 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow (CoCoRaHS) network is a well-regarded, trusted source of precipitation data. The network’s volunteers also provide weather and climate observations through daily comments, significant weather reports, and condition monitoring reports. Designed to meet a need for local information about drought events and their impacts, “condition monitoring” was initiated as a pilot project in North Carolina and South Carolina in 2013 and launched nationally in October 2016. Volunteers regularly report on how precipitation, or a lack thereof, affects their local environment and community by ranking current conditions on a seven-point scale ranging from severely dry to severely wet and sharing observations through written narratives. This study assesses the usefulness of these reports for drought monitoring and decision-making, drawing from the >7,100 reports submitted in the Carolinas between October 2016 and June 2020. This period encompasses the Carolinas’ climate patterns and extreme events such as droughts, wildfires, and hurricanes (“drought busters”). Three aspects of usefulness were evaluated in the reports: the extent to which volunteers’ assessments of dry-to-wet conditions correspond to objective drought indicators (EDDI, SPI, SPEI) typically employed for monitoring drought; how volunteers’ qualitative observations depict changing conditions, focusing on two flash droughts in 2019; and actual use of the reports by National Weather Service offices, State Climate Offices, U.S. Drought Monitor authors, and drought response committees. Although ­report content can vary widely, findings show that volunteers’ assessments reflect meteorological conditions and provide on-the-ground details that are being incorporated into existing drought monitoring processes.
Does Operative Time Affect Complication Rate in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Wang David E. , Bakshi Chetna , Sugiyama Gainosuke , Coppa Gene , Alfonso Antonio , Chung Paul 
Published: August 2022

Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common laparoscopic procedure performed in the United States. Our aim was to determine if increased operative time (OT) is associated with increased morbidity following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Using ACS NSQIP from 2006 to 2015, we identified all adult (≥18 years) patients that underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystitis performed within 3 days of admission. Our analysis was limited to cases with OT ≥15 minutes and ≤360 minutes. Outcome variables included postoperative surgical site infections (SSI), dehiscence, pneumonia, reintubation, failure to wean from ventilator, pulmonary embolism, renal failure, urinary tract infection, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarct, bleeding, deep vein thrombosis, sepsis, septic shock, return to the operating room, and death. Results 7,031 cases met inclusion criteria. Median OT was 63 minutes, first quartile was 46 minutes and third quartile was 87 minutes. Logistic regression analysis showed that increased OT (third vs first quartile) was an independent risk factor for superficial SSI (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.36-2.25, P < .0001), organ-space SSI (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.33-2.35, P < .0001), dehiscence (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.01-4.07, P = 0.0470), and septic shock (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.06-3.09, P = 0.0286). Increased OT was independently associated with increased LOS (fourth vs 1st quartile: IRR 1.53, P < 0.0001; third vs 1st quartile: IRR 1.29, P < .0001; 2nd vs 1st quartile: IRR 1.16, P < 0.0001). Conclusion Increased OT is independently associated with morbidity and increased LOS following laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystitis. Prospective studies are warranted to determine which factors contribute to increased OT and why.
Management of Post-Infectious Anosmia and Hyposmia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nag Amit K. , Saltagi Abdul K. , Saltagi Mohamad Z. , Wu Arthur W. , Higgins Thomas S. , Knisely Anna , Ting Jonathan Y. , Illing Elisa A. 
Published: August 2022

Background: Anosmia and hyposmia significantly affect patients’ quality of life and have many etiologies, including trauma, inflammatory conditions including chronic rhinosinusitis, neoplasm, and viral infections, such as rhinovirus and SARS-CoV-2. Objective: Our purpose was to establish whether a consensus exists regarding optimal management of olfactory dysfunction and to provide insight into the treatment of anosmia in the current climate of increased prevalence secondary to COVID-19. Thus, we aimed to systematically review the literature on the management of non-Chronic-rhinosinusitis- related anosmia/hyposmia. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles published since January 1990 using terms combined with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). We included articles evaluating management of anosmia and hyposmia written in the English language, with original data, a minimum of 3 months of follow-up except for COVID-related studies, at least 2 patients, and well-defined and measurable outcomes. Results: A total of 3013 unique titles were returned upon the initial search. Of these, 297 abstracts were examined, yielding 19 full texts meeting inclusion criteria (8 with level 1 evidence, 3 with level 2, 1 with level 3, and 7 with level 4). The studies included a total of 1522 subjects, with follow up ranging from 3 to 72 months, with an exception for COVID related studies. Endpoints were based on clinically significant improvements of olfactory functions as measured through validated smell tests. Treatments with the most robust data were intranasal corticosteroids and olfactory training. Conclusion: The literature on the treatment of anosmia and hyposmia includes randomized trials showing the efficacy of a few modalities. While further research is needed to expand therapeutic options for this debilitating condition, the current literature supports the use of olfactory training and topical corticosteroids.
The Effect of Mild Hypocapnia on Postoperative Ecchymosis in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Turhal Göksel , Öztürk Arin , Berber Veysel , Sergin Demet , Göde Sercan 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Ecchymosis and edema are the most common complications in patients following rhinoplasty in the early postoperative period. Vasoconstriction created by hypocarbia may have a positive effect on postoperative ecchymosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mild hypocapnia induced in rhinoplasty on the severity of periorbital ecchymosis. Methods: The study was carried out retrospectively in the digital photographs (control group and study group) of 31 participants who underwent open technical rhinoplasty between January and March 2019. During the operation, partial carbon dioxide pressure in the study group was kept in the range of 32 to 38 mmHg and in the control group between 42 and 46 mmHg and this was confirmed by arterial blood gas measurements taken during the operation. Measuring the brightness and shadows of digital photos Digital color meter was used in MacOS X as a computer software. Results: The mean ratio of periorbital ecchymosis to forehead brightness was 0.84 ± 0.05 in the study group and 0.81 ± 0.03 in the control group. There was no significant difference between the study and control groups ( P > .05). Conclusion: This study investigates the potential role of hypocapnia on postoperative ecchymosis during rhinoplasty. The severity of ecchymosis was less in the patients with induced mild hypocapnia regarding both subjective and objective evaluations, but this difference didn’t reach statistical significance compared to the normocapnic control group.
The portrayal of mental health in Irish mainstream news media
Authors: Gallagher Margaret , O’Leary Caitlin , McGreal-Ballone Aimee , Duffy Richard 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: The portrayal of mental health in the mainstream news media is an important topic for discussion. Concerns about stigmatisation of those suffering from mental ill-health have been expressed for many years, leading to numerous anti-stigma campaigns. Previous Irish studies demonstrated an improvement in the tone and content of articles over time. This study aims to re-evaluate this topic, 19 years after it was last studied. Methods: Four Irish papers including the tabloid, broadsheet, online and compact paper with the highest readership were analysed daily for a 12-week period. Using pre-determined definitions based on previous studies, all articles or headlines incorporating psychiatry-related material were examined for tone, content, utilisation of terminology, reference to self-harm, suicide and violence. Results: In total, 735 articles (2.19/paper/day) were identified and analysed. The majority of articles were found to have a supportive or factual tone. A higher proportion of judgemental or sensationalist articles were found in the tabloid newspaper. An improvement was noted compared to previous Irish studies. A decrease in articles written by mental health professionals was noted. Only 5% of articles portrayed psychotic disorders, with many of these referring to violence. Compliance with relevant guidelines for reporting of suicide was good overall. Conclusion: There has continued to be an improvement in the tone and content of articles since previous Irish studies. The introduction of guidelines within this time may have played a significant role. Psychotic illness received limited coverage and was more likely to be portrayed in a stigmatising manner, guidelines relating to this could be of benefit. Engagement between psychiatrists and the media is important to improve the portrayal of psychotic illness and enhance awareness.