bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrity of personal radiation protective equipment (PRPE): a 4-year longitudinal follow-up study
Authors: Kellens Pieter-Jan , De Hauwere An , Gossye Tim , Peire Sven , Tournicourt Ingrid , Strubbe Luc , De Pooter Jan , Bacher Klaus 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Personal radiation protective equipment (PRPE) such as lead aprons minimises radiation exposure of operators using X-ray systems. However, PRPE might be prone to cracks in the attenuating layer resulting in inadequate radiation protection. This study aims to investigate the prevalence, qualification and quantification of PRPE integrity during a longitudinal follow-up study.

Methods
All PRPE of a large, general hospital was evaluated yearly in the period 2018–2021. The equipment was inspected on a tele-operated X-ray table, and tears were qualified and quantified using an X-ray opaque ruler. Rejection criteria of Lambert & McKeon, with an extra rejection criterion of 15 mm2 for individual tears, were applied to accept or reject further use of the PRPE.

Results
Over the 4-year follow-up period, a total of 1011 pieces of PRPE were evaluated. In total, 47.3% of the PRPE showed tears of which 31% exceeded the mentioned rejection criteria. Remarkably, of the 287 newly registered pieces of PRPE, 6.0% showed tears in the first year of use of which 88.2% needed to be rejected. Also, 48% of the repaired PRPE was rejected again in the consecutive year.

Conclusions
PRPE is prone to cracks. Up to 50% of PRPE showed tears and cracks resulting in 31% rejections. Newly purchased PRPE is not guaranteed to remain free of cracks and tears in the first year of use. Repair does not guarantee a long-term solution for prolonging the lifespan. Regular X-ray-based integrity analysis of PRPE is needed to ensure adequate radioprotection for operators using X-ray systems.
Clinical efficacy of CT-guided 125I brachytherapy in patients with local residual or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after thermal ablation
Authors: Zhu Wenliang , Zhong Zhihui , Yan Huzheng , Guo Huanqing , Xiao Meigui , He Xu , Gao Fei , Zhang Fujun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Treatment methods of local residual or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after thermal ablation are limited. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the efficacy and prognostic factors of 125I brachytherapy for local residual or recurrent lesion after thermal ablation.

Methods
A total of 114 patients with 212 local residual or recurrent HCC tumors after thermal ablation underwent 125I brachytherapy. Local progression-free survival (LPFS) and prognostic factors were analyzed by Kaplan–Meier curves and the Cox model.

Results
After a 6-month follow-up, the percentage of patients who achieved complete response (CR), partial response (PR), and stable disease (SD) was 57%, 13.2%, and 5.2%, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year LPFS rates were 58.7%, 50.0%, and 41.2%, respectively. Portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) (p = 0.03), the number of intrahepatic tumors (p = 0.01), and AFP level (p = 0.02) were independent risk factors for local tumor progression (LTP). The median LPFS in patients without PVTT (22 months) was much longer compared to those with PVTT (10 months). The median LPFS in patients with less than three intrahepatic lesions improved from 17 to 24 months. The median LPFS was only 5 months in the high AFP group, but was prolonged with a decrease in AFP level (24 months). No severe complications were recorded. All complications were controllable and treatable.

Conclusions
CT-guided 125I brachytherapy was a safe and effective treatment for patients with local residual or recurrent HCC after thermal ablation to improve local control rate.
Circular RNA pyridoxal kinase (circPDXK) involves in the progression of ovarian cancer and glycolysis via regulating miR-654-3p and hexokinase II
Authors: Hou Lijuan , Wang Wenwen , Zhai Jianjun , Zhao Huafang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Circular RNA pyridoxal kinase (circPDXK; hsa_circ_0061893) is newly identified to be aberrantly expressed in ovarian cancer (OVCA); however, its functional role in OVCA cells remains to be expounded.

Methods
Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry quantified RNA and protein expression levels. MiRNA binding site prediction tools predicted direct interaction between two RNAs, and dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays further confirmed that prediction. Cell-counting kit-8, colony formation, and 5-ethynyl-2ʹ-deoxyuridine assays measured cell growth; nude mice xenograft tumor experiment detected tumor growth. Transwell and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining assays evaluated cell motility and apoptosis. Glycolysis process was determined by glucose uptake, lactate, and ATP assay kits.

Results
CircPDXK is highly expressed in OVCA patients’ tumor tissues and cells, concomitant with microRNA (miR)-654-3p downregulation and hexokinase II (HK2) upregulation. RNA interference of circPDXK could restrain cell viability, colony formation, DNA synthesis, migration, invasion, and glycolysis of OVCA cells, but also retard xenograft tumor growth. Allied with those are higher apoptosis rate, elevated Bax and E-cadherin levels, and depressed ki67 and HK2 levels. Compared to circPDXK inhibition, restoration of miR-654-3p functions analogical effects in OVCA cells in vitro. Mechanistically, there are direct interactions between miR-654-3p and circPDXK or HK2; moreover, miR-654-3p inhibition could weaken the functional roles of circPDXK interference in OVCA cells, and either HK2 ectopic expression abrogates the effects of miR-654-3p overexpression.

Conclusion
CircPDXK/miR-654-3p/HK2 axis could be a novel molecular mechanism of OVCA progression and glycolysis, and targeting circPDXK might overcome OVCA.
PDK1- and PDK2-mediated metabolic reprogramming contributes to the TGFβ1-promoted stem-like properties in head and neck cancer
Authors: Sun Wan-Hsuan , Chen Yun-Hsuan , Lee Hou-Hsuan , Tang Yu-Wen , Sun Kuang-Hui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is a key factor for cancer recurrence and metastases in head and neck cancer (HNC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumors have self-renewal, differentiation, and higher drug resistance capabilities, resulting in a poor prognosis for patients. In glucose metabolism, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase and impedes pyruvate from being metabolized into acetyl-CoA and entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle to generate energy. Studies have reported that PDK1 and PDK2 inhibition suppresses the growth, motility, and drug resistance of cancer cells. Furthermore, while TGFβ1 levels are persistently elevated in HNC patients with poor prognosis, the role of PDK isoforms in the TGFβ1-promoted progression and stem-like properties of HNC is unclear.

Methods
Levels of PDK1 and PDK2 were evaluated in HNC tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry to explore potential clinical relevance. PDK1 and PDK2 were knocked down by the lentivirus shRNA system to investigate their role in TGFβ1-promoted tumor progression in vitro.

Results
We found that PDK2 levels were increased in the later stage of HNC tissues compared to constant PDK1 expression. After PDK1 and PDK2 knockdown, we discovered increased ATP production and decreased lactate production in TGFβ1-treated and untreated HNC cells. However, only PDK2 silencing significantly inhibited the clonogenic ability of HNC cells. We subsequently found that TGFβ1-promoted migration and invasion capabilities were decreased in PDK1 and PDK2 knockdown cells. The tumor spheroid-forming capability, motility, CSC genes, and multidrug-resistant genes were downregulated in PDK1 and PDK2 silencing CSCs. PDK1 and PDK2 inhibition reversed cisplatin and gemcitabine resistance of CSCs, but not paclitaxel resistance.

Conclusion
The results demonstrated that the PDK1- and PDK2-mediated Warburg effect contributes to the TGFβ1-enhanced stemness properties of HNC. Therefore, PDK1 and PDK2 may serve as molecular targets for the combination therapy of HNC.
Factors affecting interpretation of dental radiographs
Authors: Hegde Shwetha , Gao Jinlong , Vasa Rajesh , Cox Stephen 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To identify the factors influencing errors in the interpretation of dental radiographs. Methods: A protocol was registered on Prospero. All studies published until May 2022 were included in this review. The search of the electronic databases spanned Ovid Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus. The quality of the studies was assessed using the MMAT tool. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, a meta-analysis was not conducted. Results: The search yielded 858 articles, of which eight papers met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. These studies assessed the factors influencing the accuracy of the interpretation of dental radiographs. Six factors were identified as being significant that affected the occurrence of interpretation errors. These include clinical experience, clinical knowledge, and technical ability, case complexity, time pressure, location and duration of dental education and training and cognitive load. Conclusions: The occurrence of interpretation errors has not been widely investigated in dentistry. The factors identified in this review are interlinked. Further studies are needed to better understand the extent of the occurrence of interpretive errors and their impact on the practice of dentistry.
Large-Scale Inventory Optimization: A Recurrent Neural Networks–Inspired Simulation Approach
Authors: Wang Tan , Hong L. Jeff 
Published: December 2022

Many large-scale production networks include thousands of types of final products and tens to hundreds of thousands of types of raw materials and intermediate products. These networks face complicated inventory management decisions, which are often too complicated for inventory models and too large for simulation models. In this paper, by combining efficient computational tools of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and the structural information of production networks, we propose an RNN-inspired simulation approach that may be thousands of times faster than the existing simulation approach and is capable of solving large-scale inventory optimization problems in a reasonable amount of time. History: Accepted by Bruno Tuffin, Area Editor for Simulation. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72091211].
The Value of Randomized Strategies in Distributionally Robust Risk-Averse Network Interdiction Problems
Authors: Sadana Utsav , Delage Erick 
Published: December 2022

Conditional value at risk (CVaR) is widely used to account for the preferences of a risk-averse agent in extreme loss scenarios. To study the effectiveness of randomization in interdiction problems with an interdictor that is both risk- and ambiguity-averse, we introduce a distributionally robust maximum flow network interdiction problem in which the interdictor randomizes over the feasible interdiction plans in order to minimize the worst case CVaR of the maximum flow with respect to both the unknown distribution of the capacity of the arcs and the interdictor’s own randomized strategy. Using the size of the uncertainty set, we control the degree of conservatism in the model and reformulate the interdictor’s distributionally robust optimization problem as a bilinear optimization problem. For solving this problem to any given optimality level, we devise a spatial branch-and-bound algorithm that uses the McCormick inequalities and reduced reformulation linearization technique to obtain a convex relaxation of the problem. We also develop a column-generation algorithm to identify the optimal support of the convex relaxation, which is then used in the coordinate descent algorithm to determine the upper bounds. The efficiency and convergence of the spatial branch-and-bound algorithm is established in numerical experiments. Further, our numerical experiments show that randomized strategies can have significantly better performance than optimal deterministic ones.History: Accepted by David Alderson, Area Editor for Network Optimization: Algorithms & Applications.Funding: The first author’s research is supported by a Group for Research in Decision Analysis postdoctoral fellowship and Fonds de Recherche du Québec–Nature et Technologies postdoctoral research scholarship [Grants 275296 and 301065]. The second author acknowledges support from the Canadian Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council and the Canada Research Chair program [Grants RGPIN-2016-05208, 492997-2016, and 950-230057].Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1257 . The data file and codes are posted on GitHub ( https://github.com/Utsav19/Value-of-Randomization ).
Addressing the diagnostic gap in hypertension through possible interventions and scale-up: A microsimulation study
Authors: Koeppel Lisa , Dittrich Sabine , Brenner Miguel Sergio , Carmona Sergio , Ongarello Stefano , Vetter Beatrice , Cohn Jennifer Elizabeth , Baernighausen Till , Geldsetzer Pascal , Denkinger Claudia M. ,   HPACC Consortium
Published: December 2022

Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality globally with almost a third of all annual deaths worldwide. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately highly affected covering 80% of these deaths. For CVD, hypertension (HTN) is the leading modifiable risk factor. The comparative impact of diagnostic interventions that improve either the accuracy, the reach, or the completion of HTN screening in comparison to the current standard of care has not been estimated.

Methods and findings
This microsimulation study estimated the impact on HTN-induced morbidity and mortality in LMICs for four different scenarios: (S1) lower HTN diagnostic accuracy; (S2) improved HTN diagnostic accuracy; (S3) better implementation strategies to reach more persons with existing tools; and, lastly, (S4) the wider use of easy-to-use tools, such as validated, automated digital blood pressure measurement devices to enhance screening completion, in comparison to the current standard of care (S0). Our hypothetical population was parametrized using nationally representative, individual-level HPACC data and the global burden of disease data. The prevalence of HTN in the population was 31% out of which 60% remained undiagnosed. We investigated how the alteration of a yearly blood pressure screening event impacts morbidity and mortality in the population over a period of 10 years.
The study showed that while improving test accuracy avoids 0.6% of HTN-induced deaths over 10 years (13,856,507 [9,382,742; 17,395,833]), almost 40 million (39,650,363 [31,34,233, 49,298,921], i.e., 12.7% [9.9, 15.8]) of the HTN-induced deaths could be prevented by increasing coverage and completion of a screening event in the same time frame. Doubling the coverage only would still prevent 3,304,212 million ([2,274,664; 4,164,180], 12.1% [8.3, 15.2]) CVD events 10 years after the rollout of the program.
Our study is limited by the scarce data available on HTN and CVD from LMICs. We had to pool some parameters across stratification groups, and additional information, such as dietary habits, lifestyle choice, or the blood pressure evolution, could not be considered. Nevertheless, the microsimulation enabled us to include substantial heterogeneity and stochasticity toward the different income groups and personal CVD risk scores in the model.

Conclusions
While it is important to consider investing in newer diagnostics for blood pressure testing to continuously improve ease of use and accuracy, more emphasis should be placed on screening completion.
Granular analysis of pathways to care and durations of untreated psychosis: A marginal delay model
Authors: Mathis Walter S. , Ferrara Maria , Burke Shadie , Hyun Emily , Li Fangyong , Zhou Bin , Cahill John , Kline Emily R. , Keshavan Matcheri S. , Srihari Vinod H. 
Published: December 2022

Objective
An extensive international literature demonstrates that understanding pathways to care (PTC) is essential for efforts to reduce community Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP). However, knowledge from these studies is difficult to translate to new settings. We present a novel approach to characterize and analyze PTC and demonstrate its value for the design and implementation of early detection efforts.

Methods
Type and date of every encounter, or node, along the PTC were encoded for 156 participants enrolled in the clinic for Specialized Treatment Early in Psychosis (STEP), within the context of an early detection campaign. Marginal-delay, or the portion of overall delay attributable to a specific node, was computed as the number of days between the start dates of contiguous nodes on the PTC. Sources of delay within the network of care were quantified and patient characteristic (sex, age, race, income, insurance, living, education, employment, and function) influences on such delays were analyzed via bivariate and mixed model testing.

Results
The period from psychosis onset to antipsychotic prescription was significantly longer (52 vs. 20.5 days, [p = 0.004]), involved more interactions (3 vs. 1 nodes, [p<0.001]), and was predominated by encounters with non-clinical nodes while the period from antipsychotic to STEP enrollment was shorter and predominated by clinical nodes. Outpatient programs were the greatest contributor of marginal delays on both before antipsychotic prescription (median [IQR] of 36.5 [1.3–132.8] days) and (median [IQR] of 56 [15–210.5] days). Sharper functional declines in the year before enrollment correlated significantly with longer DUP (p<0.001), while those with higher functioning moved significantly faster through nodes (p<0.001). No other associations were found with patient characteristics and PTCs.

Conclusions
The conceptual model and analytic approach outlined in this study give first episode services tools to measure, analyze, and inform strategies to reduce untreated psychosis.
Parental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: A one-year follow-up
Authors: Bjørknes Ragnhild , Skogen Jens Christoffer , Nærde Ane , Sandal Gro Mjeldheim , Haug Ellen , Mæland Silje , Fadnes Lars T. , Lehmann Stine 
Published: December 2022

Objective
This two-wave longitudinal study aimed at increasing knowledge about levels of parental stressors and rewards among mothers and fathers of children aged 1–18 during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway.

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic and infection-control measures have caused changes to family life. Managing homeschooling or caring for younger children while working from home may have posed significant strain on parental stress, negatively impacting the quality of parent-child relationships and parents’ sensitivity to their children’s needs.

Method
We employed data collected in April 2020 and April 2021 from the longitudinal population-based survey in Bergen/Norway (Bergen in ChangE-study). 7424 parents participated (58.6% mothers and 41.5% fathers).

Results
The overall levels of parental stressors and rewards did not change significantly. Over the two time points, the factors associated with decreased parental stressors were being male, aged 40–49 years, having a relatively high income, and reporting initial difficulties with closed kindergartens or schools. For parents aged 18–29 years, the level of parental stressors increased.

Conclusion
The study suggests that the overall levels of parental stress remained unchanged during the first year of the pandemic. Even so, the study also uncovered that younger parents represented a vulnerable subgroup.

Implications
To prevent detrimental consequences in the wake of the pandemic, it could be important to increase awareness and competence among professional staff in kindergartens, primary schools, and child health clinics targeting young parents and their children.
The Short Story in German in the Twenty-First Century, Lyn Marven, Andrew Plowman and Kate Roy (eds) (2020)
Authors: Michael Livi 
Published: December 2022

Review of: The Short Story in German in the Twenty-First Century, Lyn Marven, Andrew Plowman and Kate Roy (eds) (2020)
Rochester and New York: Camden House, 354 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-64014-046-2, h/bk, £75

The Dead Girls’ Class Trip, Selected Stories, Anna Seghers (trans. M. B. Dembo) (2021)
New York: New York Review Books Classics 272 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-68137-535-9, p/bk, £13.99
Clasificación de tendencias de NDVI en la península de Yucatán, México, de 2014 a 2020
Authors: Tecuapetla-Gómez Inder , Carbajal-Domínguez Alfonso , Montesinos-Chica Valeria 
Published: December 2022

La península de Yucatán (LPY) alberga 32% de las selvas tropicales de México. Por ello esta zona presenta una alta densidad de nubes a lo largo del año, característica que resulta un reto particular para cualquier estudio de monitoreo de la vegetación a mediano y largo plazo basado en series de tiempo de imágenes satelitales. En este artículo presentamos los resultados de un análisis de clasificación de tendencias de una serie de tiempo (11 imágenes Landsat-7 ETM+ y 150 Landsat 8 OLI) del Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI, por sus siglas en inglés) por tipo de suelo y vegetación en la región oriental de Escárcega, Campeche, en LPY de 2014 a 2020.
Aplicamos el algoritmo bfast01 para clasificar pixeles por tendencias lineales, globales (una línea con pendiente positiva o negativa a lo largo del periodo de estudio) o locales (dos segmentos de línea con pendiente positiva o negativa en cada segmento). A partir del análisis se deduce que la mayor parte de la región estudiada tiene NDVI con tendencias lineales globales (pardeamiento: 47%; enverdecimiento: 15.39%) y en menor grado tendencias lineales locales (pardeamiento demorado: 20.66%; pardeamiento a enverdecimiento: 6.04%; enverdecimiento demorado: 5.26%; enverdecimiento a pardeamiento: 3.88%).
Consideramos que el enverdecimiento generalizado (el agregado de las clases enverdecimiento, enverdecimiento demorado y pardeamiento a enverdecimiento) y el pardeamiento generalizado (el agregado de las clases pardeamiento, pardeamiento demorado y enverdecimiento a pardeamiento) pueden interpretarse como dinámicas con indicios significativos de recuperación y degradación del NDVI, respectivamente. Dichas dinámicas fueron identificadas principalmente en la selva mediana subperennifolia (enverdecimiento generalizado: 10.26%; pardeamiento generalizado: 25.43%), selva baja espinosa subperennifolia (7.66 y 21.76) y en la vegetación secundaria arbórea de selva mediana (3.26 y 10.93). En 2017 y 2018 se identificaron las áreas más grandes con alguna clase de tendencia local lineal.
Von der Institutionskritik zur Moral Economy. Hans Haacke, Dana Schutz und eine queer-feministische Buchhandlung
Authors: Berg Karen Van Den , Rosenkranz Marie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ausgehend von den konzeptuellen Arbeitsansätzen der frühen künstlerischen Institutionskritik zeigt der Beitrag beispielhaft, wie Künstler und Künstlerinnen im Kampf um moralische und ethische Fragen im Kunstfeld immer mehr zu tonangebenden kulturpolitischen Akteuren wurden. Als machtvolle Stimmen mit einer eigenen Expertise in identitätspolitischen Debatten richten sie kulturpolitische Entscheidungsprämissen neu aus.