bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting of daily dam occupancy rates using LSTM networks
Authors: Ayyildiz Ertugrul , Erdoğan Melike 
Published: August 2022

Due to unconscious consumption of natural water resources and climate change, a water crisis is expected in the upcoming years. At this point, it is necessary to know the water levels in the dams and develop strategies for water-saving applications in the coming periods. This study aimed to propose the artificial neural network models for forecasting the water in the dams that provide usable water for the future. For this reason, long short-term memory (LSTM) networks that are a type of recurrent neural networks are employed to make future forecasts. The daily dam occupancy rate data between 2005 and 2021 for İstanbul is used to train the LSTM network. Then, the developed models are used to forecast over the next 30 days. The data are used in ARIMA to model the daily dam occupancy time series, for a fair comparison. The forecast values gained by the proposed LSTM network are compared with the traditional methods using RMSE and MAPE for all the forecast horizons. The results show that the LSTM-based forecast model always has a better accuracy rate than the ARIMA.

Keywords: ANNs, dam, forecasting, occupancy, LSTM, RNNs;
Effects of intrinsic properties, particle size, bulk density and specific gravity on thermal properties of coal dusts
Authors: Sahu Aashish , Mishra Devi Prasad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thermal properties of pulverized coal govern the heat transfer and greatly influence the coal dust explosion and spontaneous combustion processes. This study measures the thermal properties of five coal samples at six distinct particle sizes using an advanced Thermal Property Analyzer. The thermo-physical properties of coal dust positively correlated with particle size. Thermal conductivity, diffusivity and specific heat capacity increased with increase in the ash percentage, bulk density, and specific gravity of coal dust, whereas they negatively correlated with fixed carbon and volatiles content of coal. Empirical relations between the thermo-physical properties were developed. The thermal conductivity, diffusivity, and specific heat capacity of coal dusts varied in the ranges of 0.091–0.147 W/mK, 0.125–0.164 mm²/s, and 0.715–0.945 MJ/m³K, respectively. With increase in particle size from < 38 to 500–1000 µm, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity increased in the range of 25.60-32.89%, 9.76–22.11%, and 9.57–20.80%, respectively for different coal samples.
Choice of climate data influences current and future global invasion risks for two Phelsuma geckos
Authors: dubos nicolas , Fieldsend Thomas W. , Roesch Markus A. , Augros Stéphane , Besnard Aurélien , Choeur Arthur , Ineich Ivan , Krysko Kenneth , Leroy Boris , Malone Sparkle L. , Probst Jean-Michel , Raxworthy Christopher , Crottini Angelica 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Invasion risks may be influenced either negatively or positively by climate change, depending on the species. These can be predicted with species distribution models, but projections can be strongly affected by input environmental data (climate data source, Global Circulation Models and Shared Socio-economic Pathways SSP). We modelled the distribution of Phelsuma grandis and P. laticauda , two Malagasy reptiles that are spreading globally. We accounted for drivers of spread and establishment using socio-economic factors (e.g., distance from ports) and two climate data sources, i.e., Climatologies at High Resolution for the Earth’s and Land Surface Areas (CHELSA) and Worldclim. We further quantified the degree of agreement in invasion risk models that utilised CHELSA and Worldclim data for current and future conditions. Most areas identified as highly exposed to invasion risks were consistently identified (e.g. in Caribbean and Pacific Islands). However, projected risks differed locally. We also found notable differences in quantitative invasion risk (3% difference in suitability scores for P. laticauda and up to 14% for P. grandis ) under current conditions. Despite both species native distributions overlap substantially, climate change will drive opposite responses on invasion risks by 2070 (decrease for P. grandis, increase for P. laticauda ). Overall, projections of future invasion risks were the most affected by climate data source, followed by SSP. Our results highlight that assessments of current and future invasion risks are sensitive to the climate data source, especially in Islands. We stress the need to account for multiple climatologies when assessing invasion risks.
Complete Genome Analysis of Bacillus Velezensis ES2-4: A Novel Bacillus Strain with Potential for Biofitilizer and Biocontrol Agent
Authors: Liu Feng , He Qun , Li Wei , Wu Maohua , He Bing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Bacillus velezensis is a new species of Bacillus sp recently discovered. It is considered a new plant growth promoting rhizobacteria because of its ability to inhibit a variety of pathogens and promote plant growth. In this study, we isolated a novel Bacillus velezensis strain ES2-4 in orchard soil. Based on comparative analysis, including average nucleotide polymorphism (ANI), digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), and phylogenetic analysis, ES2-4 was designated as Bacillus velezensis. Genomic analysis revealed that Bacillus velezensis contains a series of genes closely related to promoting plant growth directly and indirectly. Genomic secondary metabolite analyses indicated there are 9 identified gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites (Surfactin, Iturin, Fengycin, Bacillibactin, Bacilysin, Macrolactin, Bacillaene, Difficidin, Amylocyclicin), and five clusters encoding polyketides, lanthipeptide, terpenes, but the specific substances are unclear. In addition, Bacillus velezensis ES2-4 showed good antagonistic activity against various plant pathogens, especially Rhizoctonia solani. These findings suggest that Bacillus velezensis ES2-4 could be used as a PGPR strain to develop new biofertilizers and biocontrol agents.
Characteristics of food insecurity prevalence in North Philadelphia Federally Qualified Health Center target populations, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Inguito Kai , Joa Brandon , Gardner James , Fung Eric N. , Layer Laura , Fritz Karen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of food insecurity declined in the United States but paradoxically increased in the large metropolitan area of Philadelphia in the past decade, and compared to the general U.S. population, a greater percentage of households in Philadelphia are affected by food insecurity and dependent on programs such as SNAP. The objective of this study was to determine food insecurity prevalence and demographics of the populations near Philadelphia Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) clinics. In line with risk factors on the national level, we hypothesized that food insecure people in a low-income area of Philadelphia would be more likely to be older, female, Hispanic, and overweight or obese.
Methods
This cross-sectional study took place in North Philadelphia, a populous section of Philadelphia with a high concentration of poverty and many zip codes reporting 30–45% or more of the population below the federal poverty line. Students and clinicians affiliated with a local FQHC conducted surveys on residents (n = 379) within 1-mile radiuses of three FQHC sites using the validated food security tool, the Hunger Vital Sign™. Survey data were collected through door-to-door visits in the summer of 2019. We used multivariate logistic regression models to predict food insecurity with independent variables including age, sex, language preference, and BMI category.
Results
The percentage of food insecurity in the area surveyed was much higher (36.9%) than previously reported in both Philadelphia and nationwide. Contrary to our hypothesis, food insecure individuals were younger on average and more likely to be English-speaking; these individuals had statistically significant lower mean BMI and lower odds of being overweight or obese vs. normal weight, with no significant difference by sex.
Conclusion
These North Philadelphia areas had a high prevalence of food insecurity associated with normal and low BMI and demographics of younger, English-speaking individuals. Some of these findings may be related to local confounding factors such as employment or substance abuse status, demonstrating a need for public health and organizations to work together for more locally targeted research and interventions on food insecurity in impoverished urban settings.
Comparative analysis of retracted pre-print and peer-reviewed articles on COVID-19
Authors: Singh Manraj , Arora Mehak , Mazumder Archisman , Goyal Ritik Mahaveer , Parameswaran Giridara Gopal , Meena Jitendra Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
IntroductionDue to the accelerated pace and quantum of scientific publication during the COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of articles on COVID-19 have been retracted. Pre-prints though not peer-reviewed offer the advantage of rapid dissemination of new findings. In this study, we aim to systematically compare the article characteristics, time to retraction, social media attention, citations, and reasons for retraction between retracted pre-print and peer-reviewed articles on COVID-19. MethodsWe utilized the Retraction Watch database to identify retracted articles on COVID-19 published from 1st January 2020 to 10th March 2022. The articles were reviewed and metadata such as article characteristics (type, category), time to retraction, reasons for retraction, and Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) and citation count were collected. ResultsWe identified 40 retracted pre-prints and 143 retracted peer-reviewed articles. The median (IQR) retraction time for pre-print and peer-reviewed articles was 29 (10-81.5) days and 139 (63-202) days (p = 0.0001). Pre-prints and peer-reviewed article had median (IQR) AAS of 26.5 (4-1155) and 8 (1-38.5), respectively (p = 0.0082). The median (IQR) citation count for pre-prints and peer-reviewed articles was 3 (0-14) and 3 (0-17), respectively (p = 0.5633). The AAS and citation counts were correlated for both pre-prints (r = 0.5200, p = 0.0006) and peer-reviewed articles(r = 0.5909, p = 0.0001). The commonest reason for retraction for pre-prints and peer-reviewed articles concerns about data and results.ConclusionThe increased adoption of pre-prints results in faster identification of erroneous articles compared to the traditional peer-review process.
Nexus between Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Quality of Environment in BRICS and Next 11 Countries: A Panel Dynamic Study
Authors: Majumder Shapan Chandra , Rahman Md. Hasanur , Ferdaus Jannatul , Rahman Mohammad Mazibar , Abedin Mohammad Zoynul , Roni Naheed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study sets out to explore the nexus between energy consumption, economic growth, and quality of the environment within the separate contexts of BRICS and the Next 11 Countries. The empirical analysis is carried out using the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) modeling approach, which considers cross-sectional dependency analysis, cross-sectional heterogeneity, and cointegration analysis. The empirical results show that BRICS countries support the EKC hypothesis, but the Next-11 countries have a U-shaped path between economic growth and environmental degradation, which is contrary to the conventional EKC hypothesis. Moreover, the nexus between economic growth share in the quality of the environment and energy consumption is also seen to exhibit nonlinearity. Besides, unidirectional causations are confirmed between CO2 emissions and energy consumption for BRICS countries. However, a unidirectional causal linkage moves from CO2 emissions to energy consumption for the Next 11 countries. Thus, these findings have profoundly important policy consequences for the achievement of the BRICS and the Next 11 countries' energy stability and environmental protection, mainly by reducing the higher energy usage of these countries.JEL Classification: C51, F64, O13, O44, P18
Assessment of the impact of the biological larvicide VectoMax G on non- target aquatic organisms
Authors: Thierry Djepand-Ngognouak , Landre Djamouko-Djonkam , Gisèle Foko Dadji , Audrey Mayi Marie Paul , Timoléon Tchuinkam , Zébazé-Togouet Serge , Sinclair Wondji Charles , Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

There has been a renewed interest for larviciding during the recent decade. Although biological larvicides are considered not to be harmful to non-target organisms, there is still not sufficient data on the effect of new long lasting larvicide formulations such as VectoMax G combiningBacillus thuringiensis israelensisandB. sphaericuson the environment especially on non-target organisms. The present study aimed to assess the possible influence of VectoMax G on the diversity and abundance of the aquatic fauna cohabiting with mosquito larvae in breeding habitats during a larviciding trial in the city of Yaoundé. Twelve districts of the city of Yaoundé divided into 6 intervention and 6 control sites were chosen for the study. In each district 4 semi-permanent or permanent aquatic habitats were followed. VectoMax G application was done once every two weeks during 6 months and aquatic organisms were collected 48h after each treatment. All collected organisms were brought to the laboratory for identification. Physico-chemical parameters were recorded as well. A high diversity of the zooplankton was recorded in the intervention areas with 28 species collected against 14 species in the control areas. Cladocerans were the most represented group in both sites while Oestracods were found only in control sites. A total of 19 macro-invertebrates species were recorded in the control areas vs 16 species in the intervention areas. Gasteropods were the most represented groups of macro-invertebrates. Vertebrates such as larvivorous fishes and amphibians larvae were also found in approximately similar densities in both sites. The study indicated no significant influence of larviciding with VectoMax G on the diversity and abundance of the non-target aquatic fauna in the city of Yaoundé.
Cromolyn sodium and masitinib combination inhibits fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and exerts additive cell-protective and antioxidant effects in a bleomycin-induced in vitro fibrosis model
Authors: Erol Azize Yasemin Goksu , Dirol Hulya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Several in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that tyrosine kinase inhibitors may be effective in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In our previous study, we reported that combined treatment with masitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat mastocytoma, and cromolyn sodium, a mast cell stabilizer drug used in allergic diseases, exerts synergistic cell-protective and antioxidant effects on an in vitro neurodegenerative model. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-fibrotic, cell-protective, and antioxidant effects of this drug combination on a bleomycin-induced in vitro model of pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: HFF-1 fibroblast cells were cultured and were divided into groups according to bleomycin and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) applications, followed by treatment with cromolyn sodium/masitinib. The cell viability rates and metabolic activity were assessed with an MTT assay. Cell groups were compared morphologically under an inverted microscope. Additionally, Hoechst staining was performed for apoptotic nuclear assessment. Triple-immunofluorescence labeling (alpha-smooth muscle actin, CD44, DAPI) was performed to observe fibroblast-myofibroblast transition. Total oxidant and antioxidant capacities were measured in conditioned media of cell groups.Results: Cromolyn sodium and masitinib mono treatments significantly increased the cell viability rate of fibroblasts which was decreased by bleomycin and H2O2. Combined treatments of cromolyn sodium and masitinib increased cell viability rates more than monotherapy. Combined cromolyn sodium and masitinib exerted a protective effect on bleomycin-induced changes by preserving cell morphology with fewer apoptotic cells and a lower rate of fibroblast to myofibroblast transition, and improved arrangement of fibroblasts. Masitinib, cromolyn sodium, and their combination reduced the mean number of apoptotic cells. Combined cromolyn sodium and masitinib decreased the expression of α-SMA that was induced by bleomycin and increased the total antioxidant capacity while significantly decreasing the total oxidant capacity level that was increased by bleomycin and H2O2.Conclusions: We observed the additive anti-fibrotic, cell-protective and antioxidant effects of masitinib and cromolyn sodium combination in an in vitro fibrosis model. New combination therapies may offer an innovative treatment approach for pulmonary fibrosis, with the advantages of lower doses of both drugs, fewer side effects, and different mechanisms of action at the same time.
Recent Advances in Plant Disease Severity Assessment Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: LIU Yong-min , SHI Ting-ting , ZHENG Xin-ying , HU Kui , HUANG Hao , LIU Han-lin , HUANG Hong-xu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In modern agricultural production, the severity of diseases is an important factor that directly affects the yield and quality of plants. In order to effectively monitor and control the whole production process of crops, it is necessary to clarify not only the types of diseases, but also the severity of diseases. In recent years, the use of Deep Learning (DL) for plant disease species identification has been widely applied. In particular, the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for plant disease images has made breakthrough progress. However, little research has been done on disease severity assessment. This group first traces the mainstream views of existing disease research scholars and accordingly gives various scales for visual assessment of plant disease severity grading. According to the difference of network architecture, then, this study outlines the 16 researches on CNN-based plant disease severity assessment from three aspects of classical CNN framework, improved CNN architecture and CNN-based semantic segmentation network, and the advantages and disadvantages of each research method are compared and analyzed in detail. The common methods of datasets acquisition and the performance evaluation index of CNN models are examined in depth. Finally, this study discusses the major challenges in the practical application of CNN-based plant disease severity assessment methods, and provides feasible research ideas and possible solutions to address these challenges.
Occurrence of gradual resonance in a finite-length granular chain driven by harmonic vibration
Authors: Jiao Tengfei , Zhang Shutian , Sun Min , Huang Decai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study presents numerical simulations of the resonance of a finite-length granular chain of dissipative grains driven by a harmonically vibrated tube. Multiple gradual resonant modes, namely, non-resonance mode, partial-resonance mode, and complete-resonance mode, are identified. With a fixed vibration frequency, increased vibration acceleration leads to a one-by-one increase in the number of grains participating in resonance, which is equal to the number of grain-wall collisions in a vibration period. Compared with the characteristic time of the grain-grain and the grain-wall collisions, the time of free flight plays a dominant role in grain motion. This condition results in the occurrence of large opening gaps between the grains and independent grain-grain and gain-wall collisions. A general master equation that describes the dependence of the system energy on the length of the granular chain and the number of grain-wall collisions is established, and it is in good agreement with the simulation results. We observe a gradual step-jump increase in system energy when the vibration acceleration is continuously increased, which is dedicated to an individual energy injection. Moreover, two typical phase diagrams are discussed in the spaces of $\phi-\it{\Gamma}$ and $N-\it\Gamma$.
The Effect of Dichotomization of Skewed Adjustment Covariates in the Analysis of Clinical Trials
Authors: Herschtal Alan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Baseline imbalance in covariates associated with the primary outcome in clinical trials leads to bias in the reporting of results. Standard practice is to mitigate that bias by stratifying by those covariates in the randomization. Additionally, for continuously valued outcome variables, precision of estimates can be (and should be) improved by controlling for those covariates in analysis. Continuously valued covariates are commonly thresholded for the purpose of performing stratified randomization, with participants being allocated to arms such that balance between arms is achieved within each stratum. Often the thresholding consists of a simple dichotomization. For simplicity, it is also common practice to dichotomize the covariate when controlling for it at the analysis stage. This latter dichotomization is unnecessary, and has been shown in the literature to result in a loss of precision when compared with controlling for the covariate in its raw, continuous form. Analytic approaches to quantifying the magnitude of the loss of precision are generally confined to the most convenient case of a normally distributed covariate. This work generalises earlier findings, examining the effect on treatment effect estimation of dichotomizing skew-normal covariates, which are characteristic of a far wider range of real-world scenarios than their normal equivalents.
Mechanochemically accessing a challenging-to-synthesize depolymerizable polymer
Authors: Hsu Tze-Gang , Liu Shiqi , Guan Xin , Zhou Junfeng , Chen Wei-Yuan , Gaire Sanjay , Seylar Joshua , Chen Hanlin , Yoon Seiyoung , Rivera Jared , Ziegler Christopher , McKenzie Ruel , Wang Junpeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Polymers with low ceiling temperatures (Tc) are highly desirable as they can depolymerize under mild conditions, but they typically suffer from demanding synthetic conditions and poor stability. We envision that this challenge can be addressed by developing high-Tc polymers that can be converted into low Tc polymers on demand. Here, we demonstrate the mechanochemical generation of a low-Tc polymer, poly(2,5-dihydrofuran) (PDHF), from an unsaturated polyether that contains cyclobutane-fused THF in each repeat unit. Upon mechanically induced cycloreversion of cyclobutane, each repeat unit generates three repeat units of PDHF. The resulting PDHF completely depolymerizes into 2,5-dihydrofuran in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst. The mechanochemical generation of the otherwise difficult-to-synthesize PDHF highlights the power of polymer mechanochemistry in accessing elusive structures. The concept of mechanochemically regulating Tc of polymers can be applied to develop next-generation sustainable plastics.