bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of pulsed gas injections on the stability of Townsend dielectric barrier discharges in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Cacot L , Carnide G , Kahn M L , Caquineau H , Clergereaux R , Naudé N , Stafford L 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This work investigates the effects of pulsed nitrogen gas injections on the stability of Townsend dielectric barrier discharges operated in continuous nitrogen gas flows at atmospheric pressure. For single-pulse injections with pulse durations lower than the continuous gas residence time (∼50 ms), current–voltage characteristics reveal homogeneous discharges with a single current peak per half-cycle of the applied voltage. However, a sudden decrease of the discharge power over time combined with a temporary transition from homogeneous to filamentary discharge is observed for longer pulses at fixed pulsed gas flows and for higher pulsed gas flows at fixed pulse duration. In addition, for multiple pulsed gas injections with repetition frequencies between 0.1 and 10 Hz, discharge destabilisation increases with the number of pulses. Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy reveals that, over the single pulse time scale, temporal variations of the emission intensities are longer than the expected residence times of the continuous and pulsed gas flows. Furthermore, a rise of oxygen impurities can be seen over both single and multiple-pulses time scales. Two-dimensional gas flow simulations reveal that pulsed injections introduce sharp and narrow temporal gas velocity profiles over the range of experimental conditions investigated, with no cumulative effects in the discharge cell from one pulse to the other. However, pulsed operation introduces significant changes in the neutral gas composition with time scales comparable to those revealed by electrical and optical diagnostics. In such conditions, the outgassing of impurities adsorbed on surfaces located upstream of the discharge cell plays a vital role in Townsend discharges’ physics and characteristics.
An atomic gravimeter dynamic measurement method based on Kalman filter
Authors: Huang Chun-Fu , Li An , Qin Fang-Jun , Fang Jie , Chen Xi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The atomic gravimeter is an innovative quantum sensor featuring high precision, great sensitivity, and lasting stability. Currently, one research focus is on the combination of the atomic gravimeter with an accelerometer to implement dynamic measurements and gather gravity information in a real-time and highly precise manner. The Kalman filter framework was utilized with gravity and accelerometer drift as its states to observe the outputs of the atomic gravimeter and accelerometer, and the fusion of their data is realized. It can restrain the influence of dynamic vibration noise and obtain high precision gravity information in real time. Moreover, the accelerometer drift was estimated and compensated for, so as to enhance the lasting stability of the system. Laboratory static, swing platform and lake navigation tests were carried out to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method. As revealed in the static test, the proposed method could effectively inhibit the effect of noise, and enhance the precision of gravity measurement. After making a compensation for drift, the noise coefficients of the accelerometer, including the bias stability (B), acceleration random walk (K), and rate ramp (R) decreased noticeably. The swing platform test further verified the applicability of the proposed method in dynamic conditions. As proved in the lake test, better results were obtained at a maximum velocity of 8.5 km h−1. The gravity from the high-precision strap-down gravimeter on the same boat was taken as the reference, and processed to obtain the residual error of 2.03 ± 7.12 mGal, so that the proposed method was superior to the offline 300 s smooth filter. The proposed method offers a new approach for the study of atomic gravimeter dynamic measurement.
Design of microperforated nanofibrous membrane coated nonwoven structure for acoustic applications
Authors: Shen Jiahui , Lee Heow Pueh , Yan Xiong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a promising acoustic structure for noise reduction was prepared, in which microperforated nanofibrous resonant membrane together with nonwovens were used. The role of microperforated nanofibrous film, the effect of perforation parameters, cavity and the assembly sequence of the composite fibrous structure on sound absorption performance has been studied. This structure effectively combined the porous sound absorbing, micro-perforated absorbing and membrane resonance mechanisms, which can improve the sound absorbing performance without weight and thickness penalty offering a competitive advantage in noise reduction. In addition, the composite materials exhibited favorable performance in a wide-frequency regime under the condition of appropriate assembly sequence and perforation parameters.
Transparent UHF RFID tags based on CVD-grown graphene films
Authors: Yin Mengqing , Wu Liqiong , Chen Hua , Zhang Xiaohui , Wang Wei , Liu Zhaoping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tags need to be attached or embedded to objects in various environments to achieve non-contact automatic identification. Graphene shows unique electrical and optical properties, which makes it become a promising material for radio frequency devices. In this paper, the transparent UHF RFID tags were fabricated based on graphene films with different number of stacked layers prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Through structural design, parameter optimization and experimental measurements, the reading distance of the transparent RFID tags was tested and compared. As the graphene film stacked layers increased, the reading distance of graphene-based RFID tags was farther. The UHF RFID tag based on the CVD-grown graphene with the light transmittance of 88% reached the maximum reading distance of 2.78 m in the frequency range of 860–960 MHz. In addition, the reading distance of graphene-based RFID tags at different bending angles and cycles was measured. The results reveal transparent graphene-based RFID tags have good flexibility and stability and can be used in flexible transparent devices.
Carbon dots derived from frankincense soot for ratiometric and colorimetric detection of lead (II)
Authors: Lisa John Varsha , P M Fasila , K P Chaithra , T P Vinod 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We report a simple one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of carbon dots from frankincense soot. Carbon dots prepared from frankincense (FI-CDs) have narrow size distribution with an average size of 1.80 nm. FI-CDs emit intense blue fluorescence without additional surface functionalization or modification. A negative surface charge was observed for FI-CDs, indicating the abundance of epoxy, carboxylic acid, and hydroxyl functionalities that accounts for their stability. A theoretical investigation of the FI-CDs attached to oxygen-rich functional groups is incorporated in this study. The characteristics of FI-CDs signify arm-chair orientation, which is confirmed by comparing the indirect bandgap of FI-CDs with the bandgap obtained from Tauc plots. Also, we demonstrate that the FI-CDs are promising fluoroprobes for the ratiometric detection of Pb2+ ions (detection limit of 0.12 μM). The addition of Pb2+ to FI-CD solution quenched the fluorescence intensity, which is observable under illumination by UV light LED chips. We demonstrate a smartphone-assisted quantification of the fluorescence intensity change providing an efficient strategy for the colorimetric sensing of Pb2+ in real-life samples.
Optical measurement of the picosecond fluid mechanics in simple liquids generated by vibrating nanoparticles: a review
Authors: Uthe Brian , Sader John E , Pelton Matthew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Standard continuum assumptions commonly used to describe the fluid mechanics of simple liquids have the potential to break down when considering flows at the nanometer scale. Two common assumptions for simple molecular liquids are that (1) they exhibit a Newtonian response, where the viscosity uniquely specifies the linear relationship between the stress and strain rate, and (2) the liquid moves in tandem with the solid at any solid–liquid interface, known as the no-slip condition. However, even simple molecular liquids can exhibit a non-Newtonian, viscoelastic response at the picosecond time scales that are characteristic of the motion of many nanoscale objects; this viscoelasticity arises because these time scales can be comparable to those of molecular relaxation in the liquid. In addition, even liquids that wet solid surfaces can exhibit nanometer-scale slip at those surfaces. It has recently become possible to interrogate the viscoelastic response of simple liquids and associated nanoscale slip using optical measurements of the mechanical vibrations of metal nanoparticles. Plasmon resonances in metal nanoparticles provide strong optical signals that can be accessed by several spectroscopies, most notably ultrafast transient-absorption spectroscopy. These spectroscopies have been used to measure the frequency and damping rate of acoustic oscillations in the nanoparticles, providing quantitative information about mechanical coupling and exchange of mechanical energy between the solid particle and its surrounding liquid. This information, in turn, has been used to elucidate the rheology of viscoelastic simple liquids at the nanoscale in terms of their constitutive relations, taking into account separate viscoelastic responses for both shear and compressible flows. The nanoparticle vibrations have also been used to provide quantitative measurements of slip lengths on the single-nanometer scale. Viscoelasticity has been shown to amplify nanoscale slip, illustrating the interplay between different aspects of the unconventional fluid dynamics of simple liquids at nanometer length scales and picosecond time scales.
Physics of tearing mode rotation and slow-down in the RFX-mod tokamak
Authors: Cordaro L. , Zanca P. , Zuin M. , Auriemma F. , Fassina A. , Martines E. , Zaniol B. , Cavazzana R. , De Masi G. , Grenfell G. , Momo B. , Spagnolo S. , Spolaore M. , Vianello N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present a study of the fast, spontaneous rotation regime of tearing modes (TM) in the RFX-mod circular tokamak discharges. Integrated analyses of magnetic, flow and kinetic measurements, are discussed. This analysis of rotation frequency components related to the ion flow and diamagnetic drift shows that the TM fast rotation is mainly driven by the diamagnetic drift. The global decrease of the temperature profile, induced by a growing mode amplitude, can explain the slowing-down of the rotation, which in turn can trigger a potentially disruptive sequence. We show that in RFX-mod the slowing-down cannot be explained solely on the basis of the electromagnetic torque with the external conductive structures, as often reported in literature from other experiments. This analysis, indeed, suggests a strong relationship between the TM dynamics and the transport physics. Statistical analysis of disruptions with slowing down of island rotation shows that TMs take a part in the disruption, even without a locking to the wall.
Automatic Headlight Intensity Control using Light Dependent Resistor
Authors: Jadhav Ambaji S. , Joshi Vikram , Pawar Rashmi V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
For so many years, road accidents have been a huge problem for automobile industries since they must continuously upgrade their vehicles to withstand any type of damages. In this regard, many technologies are invented to reduce the figure of accidents that happen. One of the great reasons for road accident is due to bright headlight of vehicle coming in opposite direction. High beam from the headlight causes a dangerous situation for night driving. It causes temporary blindness for the drivers that may lead to collisions or may hit people passing through the road and lives can be lost. According to the law of “Indian Roads and Transport Council”, low intensity light has to be used always, however in the time of overtaking or other mandatory situations, high beam can be turned on. But due to the driver’s ignorance and since they cannot see the long-range road in low intensity, they always drive with the high intensity light on. Automatic dipper, a circuit which controls the intensity of the head light of vehicle has been designed here. From this automatic dipper system, the intensity of headlight of the vehicle can be automatically controlled and can provide a better visible road using optimization techniques for light condition.
Low Power Analog to Digital Converter for Neuro Stimulator using Cadence Tool
Authors: Banu Sufia , Gupta Shweta 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A Digital-to-Analog Converter (ADC) converts various forms of communication in the real world to portable digital integers. ADCs play a vital role as it interfaces between the analog world and digital world. Wireless sensor networks and biomedical interfaces are common examples of applications that demand ultra-low power consumption in the ADC. This research paper shows reduction in the energy consumption of an ADC used in neurostimulator which stimulates the brain for the people suffering from various disorders which includes Tumours, Parkinson’s disease, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Epilepsy, and many more. The simulation is carried out by Cadence Virtuoso tool using various technologies.
Optimized 6x6 Optical Router for Three Dimensional Optical Networks-on-Chip
Authors: Jadhav Nathrao B. , Chaudhari Bharat S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The interconnection network is very influential in Multiprocessor system-on-chip (MPSoC) performance. Due to low power efficiency and high latency, conventional interconnects are replaced by electrical networks on-chip (ENoC). However, ENoCs cannot gratify the bandwidth, latency and loss requirements within the available power budget of optical integrated circuits. The reasons being restricted bandwidth, extended delay, and reasonably high power consumption. So, ENoC are being replaced by optical networks-on-chip (ONoC). ONoC has emerged as a promising substitute to provide greater bandwidth, low latency and low power ingestion in MPSoCs. Number of cores required on-chip is increasing which leads to demand of multilayer multi-core processors. Three dimensional (3D) ONoC has become essential for such multilayer multi-core processors. For 3D ONoC, in this paper we have proposed 6x6 non-blocking optical router using micro-ring resonator (MRR) with less number of waveguide crossings and waveguide bendings. Phoenix software is used to simulate proposed optical router. Insertion loss of proposed optical router is lowest among existing non-blocking optical routers of 3D ONoC.
Comparative Analysis of Phasor Estimation Techniques for PMU Applications
Authors: Parthasarathy Hari Krishna Achuthan , Saranathan Madhusudan , Ravi Adhitya , Lavanya M.C. , Rajini V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) are valuable sources of data which increase the visibility into several fields of application such as power production, transmission and distribution. With the initial goal of obtaining phasor values at fixed points in the network and syncing it to a standard time frame, the technology has morphed into an all-encompassing unit, which has its uses in the field of protection, control and automation. With the application of these units becoming a standard benchmark, the improvement in the current available units is a huge requirement. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of various techniques that is used for the estimation of phasors.
Robot ARM with Gesture Control
Authors: Nissi Kumar N , Sai Tharun P , Prakash K. , Mythresh L.M.N , Jyoshna Naga 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The efficiency of work flow is constrained in human-inaccessible regions, such as high radiation exposure un power plants and defenses. The notion for a low-cost microcontroller-based robotic arm is presented in this research. The gesture is controlled by an accelerometer and a microprocessor in this robotic arm. In the field, where there are higher radiation concerns, this arm will assist in activities such as gripping things and wirelessly remote-controlled working of gadgets. The use of 3-D printing of an arm for prosthetic replacements can enhance this process.
Reliability Study of MEMS Resonator: A Review
Authors: Joshi Poorvi K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Reliability study is required for all the industrial applications to understand the behavior and functionality of device with respect to technological, environmental and operational issues. This paper aim to study and analyzed the exiting contribution related to MEMS resonator in order to explore the reliability issues. It also explored the reliability related to packaging, designing and functioning of MEMS resonator. It summarized the analysis of Environmental effect, design parameters, intermolecular forces, varying electrical load and vibrations etc. An approach and methodology for testing and simulation of MEMS resonator in view of reliability analysis is presented.
Comparative Analysis of Single-Phase-Clocked Low Power Flip-Flops with Transmission-Gate Flip-Flop
Authors: Gupta Akhlesh , Rana Ashwani K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Flip-flops are fundamental building block in designing the digital circuits. They contribute significant amount of power consumption in the digital systems. In the modern era of VLSI design, power consumption has become crucial factor. As the technology is scaled down below 65nm, leakage power contributes significantly to overall power consumption of digital circuits. Since, Flip-flop is a fundamental building block in designing digital systems, reducing the power consumption of Flip-flop is required to achieve low power consumption of digital systems. Recently single-phase clocking technique has been employed in designing FFs to achieve low power consumption. This technique reduces excess loading on the clock signal. In this article performance of recent single-phase clocked FFs is compared with the conventional transmission-gate Flip-flop. Also, drawbacks of these FFs are discussed. For the comparison of performance of single-phase-clocked FFs with conventional transmission-gate FF, all the simulations are performed at 45-nm predictive technology on Tanner EDA tool.
Automatic Speed Control System in Speed Zone Areas Using OpenCV
Authors: Pavuluri Tejo Sumanth , Vamsi Krishna T. , Sandeep Naredla , Jaya Abhitej Reddy A. , Samson Mamatha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Road accidents near school or hospital zones are all too common in today’s environment. We see a lot of people driving at high speeds under the influence of alcohol or for thrill causing road accidents. So, vehicle speed control must be taken into consideration to avoid casualties due to over speeding. The purpose of this system is to control the speed of the vehicle by recognizing speed sign boards on the roadside with the help of Rasberry Pi board and image processing. The camera is positioned at the front of the vehicle to capture the images of sign boards to process them. The captured images are then compared with the stored images using Python open CV to control the vehicle’s speed in the speed restricted areas. The objective of this project is to reduce the accidents caused due to over speeding.
Damping Analysis in Si Torsional Micromirrors
Authors: Resmi R , Suresh Babu V. , Baiju M. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Micromirrors are extensively used in MEMS/NEMS based actuators and accordingly the design of superior performance mirror structures are prime requisite in MEMS/NEMS industry. Thermal and viscous damping of a dynamic vibrating micromirror are important factors degrading its performance by inducing energy dissipation. The primary sources of energy losses are viscosity and thermal conduction near the walls of the structure in the acoustic boundary layer. Hence it is necessary to accurately assess the bounds of energy dissipation owing to thermal and viscous damping. In this paper, the depths of the thermal and viscous boundary layers corresponding to thermal conduction and viscous drag at different eigen frequencies are investigated. Both the temperature and pressure distributions surrounding the vibrating micromirror are considered for the analysis. The penetration depths communicate the extent of thermal and viscous boundary layers and clearly indicate the extent of energy loss. In micromirrors, the thickness of boundary layer is a critical parameter since the dissipated energy is mainly distributed in it. The air domain surrounding the micromirror is modelled using thermoacoustics of COMSOL Multiphysics software along with the eigen frequency analysis. In the present study, the thickness of the boundary layers and quality factor are analysed for a micromirror vibrating in torsional mode. The thermal and viscous penetration depths decrease with eigen frequency and hence to develop high quality devices with low damping, the micromirror are verified to be operated at higher frequencies.
Semiconductor Technology based Air Sterilizer (STAS) for Indoor Air in Hospital/Clinic Rooms
Authors: Gopal Pallav Kumar , Shelgaonkar Vaishali Chandrashekhar , Upadhyay Gaurav 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Since the outbreak covid-19, the exposure of bacteria, fungi, and virus is a hazardous situation in outpatient clinics and hospital wards. Moreover, air pollution is a serious health issue that can impact the individuals differently. The major concern of these health issues is not only the polluted air of outdoor atmosphere but also contaminated air is spread inside the houses in urban as well as rural areas. In this regard, this paper proposes a Semiconductor Technology based Air Sterilizer (STAS) that integrated several layers of filtration, purification, sterilization and air freshening. Proposed STAS device is able to purify indoor pollutants and also lower down the amount of other harmful materials like, formaldehyde, moulds etc. simultaneously it can also kill organic substances and bacilli in air. The results have been tested in a hospital of Ghaziabad and the obtained data aftersterilization showed that the application of semiconductor technology used in STAS significantly reduced the concentration harmful gas particles, bacteria, and fungi in the installed environment and shifted the peak of the size distribution of particulate matter particles into coarser particles.
An Enhanced Control Procedure for that DVR to accomplish both LVRT and HVRT in the DFIG Wind Turbine
Authors: Hemanth T. , Nagesh Kumar G. V. , Rafi Vempalle 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In general, Double Fed Induction Generator DFIG-driven wind turbines are extremely sensitive to fluctuations in the grid voltage. For enhancing DFIG wind turbines, this paper proposes an improved procedure for controlling Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) to simultaneously perform both Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) and High Voltage Ride Through (HVRT) operations. Consequently, both LVRT and HVRT capabilities are used to increase DFIG performance during grid disturbances. In this study, the Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) has been presented to enhance the capabilities of LVRT and HVRT. MATLAB simulations show that a proposed strategy works as expected.