bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposure to bile and gastric juice can impact the aerodigestive microbiome in people with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Al-Momani Hafez , Perry Audrey , Nelson Andrew , Stewart Christopher J. , Jones Rhys , Krishnan Amaran , Robertson Andrew , Bourke Stephen , Doe Simon , Cummings Stephen , Anderson Alan , Forrest Tara , Forrest Ian , Griffin Michael , Wilcox Matthew , Brodlie Malcolm , Pearson Jeffrey , Ward Christopher 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStudies of microbiota reveal inter-relationships between the microbiomes of the gut and lungs. This relationship may influence the progression of lung disease, particularly in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), who often experience extraoesophageal reflux (EOR). Despite identifying this relationship, it is not well characterised. Our hypothesis is that the gastric and lung microbiomes in CF are related, with the potential for aerodigestive pathophysiology. We evaluated gastric and sputum bacterial communities by culture and 16S rRNA gene sequencing in 13 CF patients. Impacts of varying levels of bile acids, pepsin and pH on patient isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) were evaluated. Clonally related strains of Pa and NTM were identified in gastric and sputum samples from patients with symptoms of EOR. Bacterial diversity was more pronounced in sputa compared to gastric juice. Gastric and lung bile and pepsin levels were associated with Pa biofilm formation. Analysis of the aerodigestive microbiomes of CF patients with negative sputa indicates that the gut can be a reservoir of Pa and NTM. This combined with the CF patient’s symptoms of reflux and potential aspiration, highlights the possibility of communication between microorganisms of the gut and the lungs. This phenomenon merits further research.
A novel AI device for real-time optical characterization of colorectal polyps
Authors: Biffi Carlo , Salvagnini Pietro , Dinh Nhan Ngo , Hassan Cesare , Sharma Prateek ,   GI Genius CADx Study Group, Antonelli Giulio , Awadie Halim , Bernhofer Sebastian , Carballal Sabela , Dinis-Ribeiro Mário , Fernández-Clotet Agnès , Esparrach Glòria Fernández , Gralnek Ian , Higasa Yuta , Hirabayashi Taku , Hirai Tatsuki , Iwatate Mineo , Kawano Miki , Mader Markus , Maieron Andreas , Mattes Sebastian , Nakai Tastuya , Ordas Ingrid , Ortigão Raquel , Zúñiga Oswaldo Ortiz , Pellisé Maria , Pinto Cláudia , Riedl Florian , Sánchez Ariadna , Steiner Emanuel , Tanaka Yukari , Cherubini Andrea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAccurate in-vivo optical characterization of colorectal polyps is key to select the optimal treatment regimen during colonoscopy. However, reported accuracies vary widely among endoscopists. We developed a novel intelligent medical device able to seamlessly operate in real-time using conventional white light (WL) endoscopy video stream without virtual chromoendoscopy (blue light, BL). In this work, we evaluated the standalone performance of this computer-aided diagnosis device (CADx) on a prospectively acquired dataset of unaltered colonoscopy videos. An international group of endoscopists performed optical characterization of each polyp acquired in a prospective study, blinded to both histology and CADx result, by means of an online platform enabling careful video assessment. Colorectal polyps were categorized by reviewers, subdivided into 10 experts and 11 non-experts endoscopists, and by the CADx as either “adenoma” or “non-adenoma”. A total of 513 polyps from 165 patients were assessed. CADx accuracy in WL was found comparable to the accuracy of expert endoscopists (CADxWL/Exp; OR 1.211 [0.766–1.915]) using histopathology as the reference standard. Moreover, CADx accuracy in WL was found superior to the accuracy of non-expert endoscopists (CADxWL/NonExp; OR 1.875 [1.191–2.953]), and CADx accuracy in BL was found comparable to it (CADxBL/CADxWL; OR 0.886 [0.612–1.282]). The proposed intelligent device shows the potential to support non-expert endoscopists in systematically reaching the performances of expert endoscopists in optical characterization.
Simulating quantum repeater strategies for multiple satellites
Authors: Wallnöfer Julius , Hahn Frederik , Gündoğan Mustafa , Sidhu Jasminder S. , Wiesner Fabian , Walk Nathan , Eisert Jens , Wolters Janik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA global quantum repeater network involving satellite-based links is likely to have advantages over fiber-based networks in terms of long-distance communication, since the photon losses in vacuum scale only polynomially with the distance – compared to the exponential losses in optical fibers. To simulate the performance of such networks, we have introduced a scheme of large-scale event-based Monte Carlo simulation of quantum repeaters with multiple memories that can faithfully represent loss and imperfections in these memories. In this work, we identify the quantum key distribution rates achievable in various satellite and ground station geometries for feasible experimental parameters. The power and flexibility of the simulation toolbox allows us to explore various strategies and parameters, some of which only arise in these more complex, multi-satellite repeater scenarios. As a primary result, we conclude that key rates in the kHz range are reasonably attainable for intercontinental quantum communication with three satellites, only one of which carries a quantum memory.
The Angola Gyre is a hotspot of dinitrogen fixation in the South Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Marshall Tanya , Granger Julie , Casciotti Karen L. , Dähnke Kirstin , Emeis Kay-Christian , Marconi Dario , McIlvin Matthew R. , Noble Abigail E. , Saito Mak A. , Sigman Daniel M. , Fawcett Sarah E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiological dinitrogen fixation is the major source of new nitrogen to marine systems and thus essential to the ocean’s biological pump. Constraining the distribution and global rate of dinitrogen fixation has proven challenging owing largely to uncertainty surrounding the controls thereon. Existing South Atlantic dinitrogen fixation rate estimates vary five-fold, with models attributing most dinitrogen fixation to the western basin. From hydrographic properties and nitrate isotope ratios, we show that the Angola Gyre in the eastern tropical South Atlantic supports the fixation of 1.4–5.4 Tg N.a−1, 28-108% of the existing (highly uncertain) estimates for the basin. Our observations contradict model diagnoses, revealing a substantial input of newly-fixed nitrogen to the tropical eastern basin and no dinitrogen fixation west of 7.5˚W. We propose that dinitrogen fixation in the South Atlantic occurs in hotspots controlled by the overlapping biogeography of excess phosphorus relative to nitrogen and bioavailable iron from margin sediments. Similar conditions may promote dinitrogen fixation in analogous ocean regions. Our analysis suggests that local iron availability causes the phosphorus-driven coupling of oceanic dinitrogen fixation to nitrogen loss to vary on a regional basis.
Differential astrometry with Gaia
Authors: Abbas U. , Bucciarelli B. , Lattanzi M. G. , Crosta M. , Morbidelli R. , Busonero D. , Bramante L. , Messineo R. 
Published: June 2022

Aims. In this paper, we develop a differential astrometric framework that is appropriate for a scanning space satellite such as Gaia. We apply it to the first of the GAREQ fields – the Gaia Relativistic Experiment on Jupiter’s quadrupole – which is the fruit of dedicated efforts within the Gala project focused on measuring the relativistic deflection of light close to Jupiter’s limb. This provides a preliminary assessment of the following: a) the observability of the relativistic deflection of light close to Jupiter and b) Gaia’s astrometric capabilities under extremely difficult conditions such as those around a bright extended object.
Methods. Inputs to our differential astrometric model are the charge-coupled device (CCD) transit times as measured by the intermediate data update (IDU) system, transformed to field angles via astrometric global iterative solution (AGIS) geometric calibrations, and the commanded or nominal spacecraft attitude. Actual attitude rates, including medium and high-frequency effects, were estimated from successive CCD pair observations and used to transfer the field angles onto intermediate tangent planes, finally anchored to a common reference frame by fitting a six-parameter model to a set of suitable reference stars. The best-fit parameters provide the target star’s deflection as a time-varying systematic effect. To illustrate the model, we analyzed Gaia astrometric measurements after their calibration through the latest cyclic early data release EDR3/DR3 processing of the GAREQ event in February 2017. We used observations of the closest bright target star successfully observed several times by Gaia in close proximity to Jupiter and surrounding reference stars brighter than G < 13 mag in transits leading up to the time of closest approach and on subsequent transits.
Results. The relativistic deflection signal is detected with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 50 at closest approach by the target star. This signal is the combined effect due to Jupiter and the Sun, mainly dominated by Jupiter’s monopole, demonstrating Gala’s scientific performance under extreme observational conditions. It is an unprecedented detection for the following reasons: a) it is the closest ever to Jupiter’s limb (~7″) in the optical and b) the highest S/N at any wavelength. Finally, this work sets the stage for investigations into disentangling the relativistic quadrupole deflection due to Jupiter with future Gaia astrometric measurements.
Interventional Radiology Regional Anesthesia Approaches for Intra- and Postprocedural Pain Control
Authors: Sag Alan Alper , Qadri Yawar Jamal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEffective pain control enables procedural success and improved patient satisfaction in interventional radiology. Regional anesthesia techniques are now established for intraoperative and postoperative anesthesia during major surgery, and interventional radiologists (IRs) can readily apply these injections for intraprocedural nerve blocks that can reduce anesthetic requirements and ensure durable analgesia postprocedure. Moreover, IR is poised to advance this field with novel blocks unique to IR needs and by blocking deep plexi safely reachable with CT guidance (e.g., hepatic hilar plexus, aorticorenal plexus blocks). This report aims to provide a succinct IR-directed primer for image-guided nerve blocks usable in the interventional radiology suite.
Wittgenstein’s Unglauben: Jacques Lacan and the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Authors: Turner Kirk , Sharpe Matthew 
Published: June 2022

AbstractJacques Lacan devoted one of the sessions of his important Seminar XVII, The Other Side of Psychoanalysis, to Ludwig Wittgenstein’s classic work Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Despite Lacan’s and Wittgenstein’s huge influence across academic disciplines (and the analytic–continental divide in philosophy), there has been no scholarly attempt to examine Lacan’s claims concerning Wittgenstein in this seminar. This paper sets out to redress this gap in the literature. Specifically, we look at the context of the engagement; Lacan’s reconstruction of Wittgenstein’s arguments; their differing conceptions of truth, knowledge and the subject; and the issue of Wittgenstein’s seemingly “psychotic” position.
The potential of emotive language to influence the understanding of textual information in media coverage
Authors: Absattar Adil , Mambetova Manshuk , Zhubay Orynay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOnline media attempts to influence how people think. The promotion of online discourses and the use of extra-linguistic factors enable a tilt towards a desired way of thinking. Internet users seek, make decisions, and act not only according to their beliefs but also according to the ideas propagated by the media. This paper focuses on public relations formation in a media discourse and an emotive response to news coverage. The paper aims to analyze the use of emotive linguistic means at the level of Kazakh media discourse. Through contextual analysis of emotive vocabulary used in media discourse, the paper explores the cognitive perception of media coverage by readers. This method allows for an in-death study of emotivity. The scientific novelty of the study is that it examines the emotive aspect of the Internet media discourse. The results show that emotivity of the Kazakh media texts is expressed using lexical and syntactic means and is crucial for building public relations and influencing the audience. The studied corpus includes media texts from the three largest online media sources in Kazakhstan. It appears that the culture of Internet media readers plays a decisive role in how they perceive products of communication, even if there are other variables involved in the equation. The use of emotive items in online media debates was found to depend on discourse content and writer’s intentions. A sample of emotive items was used. Content published on politics-oriented online media (Zakon.kz) channeled negative emotions, namely sadness and fear. Online media sources with entertainment content (Kazinform and Sputnik Kazakhstan) were characterized by the presence of such universal emotions as fear, joy, and hope. Positive emotions prevail. In general, the potential of Internet media content to influence readers and manipulation tactics vary depending on the content of the coverage.
An agenda for future Social Sciences and Humanities research on energy efficiency: 100 priority research questions
Authors: Foulds Chris , Royston Sarah , Berker Thomas , Nakopoulou Efi , Bharucha Zareen Pervez , Robison Rosie , Abram Simone , Ančić Branko , Arapostathis Stathis , Badescu Gabriel , Bull Richard , Cohen Jed , Dunlop Tessa , Dunphy Niall , Dupont Claire , Fischer Corinna , Gram-Hanssen Kirsten , Grandclément Catherine , Heiskanen Eva , Labanca Nicola , Jeliazkova Maria , Jörgens Helge , Keller Margit , Kern Florian , Lombardi Patrizia , Mourik Ruth , Ornetzeder Michael , Pearson Peter J. G. , Rohracher Harald , Sahakian Marlyne , Sari Ramazan , Standal Karina , Živčič Lidija 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDecades of techno-economic energy policymaking and research have meant evidence from the Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH)—including critical reflections on what changing a society’s relation to energy (efficiency) even means—have been underutilised. In particular, (i) the SSH have too often been sidelined and/or narrowly pigeonholed by policymakers, funders, and other decision-makers when driving research agendas, and (ii) the setting of SSH-focused research agendas has not historically embedded inclusive and deliberative processes. The aim of this paper is to address these gaps through the production of a research agenda outlining future SSH research priorities for energy efficiency. A Horizon Scanning exercise was run, which sought to identify 100 priority SSH questions for energy efficiency research. This exercise included 152 researchers with prior SSH expertise on energy efficiency, who together spanned 62 (sub-)disciplines of SSH, 23 countries, and a full range of career stages. The resultant questions were inductively clustered into seven themes as follows: (1) Citizenship, engagement and knowledge exchange in relation to energy efficiency; (2) Energy efficiency in relation to equity, justice, poverty and vulnerability; (3) Energy efficiency in relation to everyday life and practices of energy consumption and production; (4) Framing, defining and measuring energy efficiency; (5) Governance, policy and political issues around energy efficiency; (6) Roles of economic systems, supply chains and financial mechanisms in improving energy efficiency; and (7) The interactions, unintended consequences and rebound effects of energy efficiency interventions. Given the consistent centrality of energy efficiency in policy programmes, this paper highlights that well-developed SSH approaches are ready to be mobilised to contribute to the development, and/or to understand the implications, of energy efficiency measures and governance solutions. Implicitly, it also emphasises the heterogeneity of SSH policy evidence that can be produced. The agenda will be of use for both (1) those new to the energy-SSH field (including policyworkers), for learnings on the capabilities and capacities of energy-SSH, and (2) established energy-SSH researchers, for insights on the collectively held futures of energy-SSH research.
Design and analysis of GaAsN based solar cell for harvesting visible to near-infrared light
Authors: Haque Md Dulal , Ali Md Hasan , Hossain Md Mahabub , Hossain Md Selim , Hossain M Ismail , Halim Md Abdul , Islam A Z M Touhidul 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the present study, the performance parameters of GaAsN dilute nitride-based semiconductor solar cell with and without AlGaAs blocking layers have been investigated in detail by Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator in one dimensional software program (SCAPS-1D). The thickness of absorber, buffer, and blocking layers are varied to achieve the improvement of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, efficiency and also to optimize the device structure. The impact of doping and defect densities on the solar cell performance parameters have been analyzed minutely inside the absorber, buffer, and blocking layers. The solar cell thermal stability parameters are also investigated in the temperature region from 273K to 373K. The efficiency of 43.90% and 40.05% are obtained from the proposed solar cells with and without AlGaAs blocking layer, respectively. The present findings may provide insightful approach for fabricating feasible, cost effective, and efficient dilute nitride solar cell.
A Catalog of Molecular Clumps and Cores with Infall Signatures
Authors: Yu Shuling , Jiang Zhibo , Yang Yang , Chen Zhiwei , Feng Haoran 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The research of infall motion is a common means to study molecular cloud dynamics and the early process of star formation. Many works had been done in-depth research on infall. We searched the literature related to infall study of molecular cloud since 1994, summarized the infall sources identified by the authors. A total of 456 infall sources are cataloged. We classify them into high-mass and low-mass sources, in which the high-mass sources are divided into three evolutionary stages: prestellar, protostellar and H ii region. We divide the sources into clumps and cores according to their sizes. The H2 column density values range from 1.21 × 1021 to 9.75 × 1024 cm−2, with a median value of 4.17 × 1022 cm−2. The H2 column densities of high-mass and low-mass sources are significantly separated. The median value of infall velocity for high-mass clumps is 1.12 km s−1, and the infall velocities of low-mass cores are virtually all less than 0.5 km s−1. There is no obvious difference between different stages of evolution. The mass infall rates of low-mass cores are between 10−7 and 10−4
M
⊙yr−1, and those of high-mass clumps are between 10−4 and 10−1
M
⊙yr−1 with only one exception. We do not find that the mass infall rates vary with evolutionary stages.
Impact of downward longwave radiative deficits on Antarctic sea-ice extent predictability during the sea ice growth period
Authors: Cerovečki Ivana , Sun Rui , Bromwich David H , Zou Xun , Mazloff Matthew R , Wang Sheng-Hung 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Forecasting Antarctic atmospheric, oceanic, and sea ice conditions on subseasonal to seasonal scales remains a major challenge. During both the freezing and melting seasons current operational ensemble forecasting systems show a systematic overestimation of the Antarctic sea-ice edge location. The skill of sea ice cover prediction is closely related to the accuracy of cloud representation in models, as the two are strongly coupled by cloud radiative forcing. In particular, surface downward longwave radiation (DLW) deficits appear to be a common shortcoming in atmospheric models over the Southern Ocean. For example, a recent comparison of ECMWF reanalysis 5th generation (ERA5) global reanalysis with the observations from McMurdo Station revealed a year-round deficit in DLW of approximately 50 Wm−2 in marine air masses due to model shortages in supercooled cloud liquid water. A comparison with the surface DLW radiation observations from the Ocean Observatories Initiative mooring in the South Pacific at 54.08° S, 89.67° W, for the time period January 2016–November 2018, confirms approximately 20 Wm−2 deficit in DLW in ERA5 well north of the sea-ice edge. Using a regional ocean model, we show that when DLW is artificially increased by 50 Wm−2 in the simulation driven by ERA5 atmospheric forcing, the predicted sea ice growth agrees much better with the observations. A wide variety of sensitivity tests show that the anomalously large, predicted sea-ice extent is not due to limitations in the ocean model and that by implication the cause resides with the atmospheric forcing.
Plasmonic vortices: a review
Authors: Bai Yihua , Yan Jiadian , Lv Haoran , Yang Yuanjie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), surface electromagnetic waves propagating along metal-dielectric interfaces, have found numerous applications in integrated photonic devices, optical storage, and optical sensing, etc. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the fundamental and applications of SPPs carrying orbital angular momentum, namely SPP vortices or plasmonic vortices. In this review, we summarize the fundamental concepts of plasmonic vortices, and highlight recent advances in the generation and applications of plasmonic vortices, from SPPs at lightwave frequencies to spoof SPPs at microwave and Terahertz frequencies.
Comparative study on the sealing performance of packer rubber based on elastic and hyperelastic analyses using various constitutive models
Authors: Dong Xuelin , Duan Zhiyin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Evaluation of the sealing performance of the packer rubber varies according to specific simulation models. This paper aims at revealing the difference between elastic and hyperelastic analyses using the finite element mothed (FEM). The study extracts the hyperelastic parameters of the neo-Hookean, the Mooney-Rivlin, and the Yeoh models from a uniaxial tensile test. Then, the setting process of a mechanical packer is simulated by elastic and hyperelastic calculations. We compare the deformed configuration and the contact stress given by these models. Our results show that the Yeoh model produces the minimum residual sum of squares (RSS) among the hyperelastic models for hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR). The mooney-Rivlin model has a negative parameter, making the calculation unstable. The linear elastic model fails to simulate the setting process, while the neo-Hookean model overestimates the contact stress. Despite the similar stress distribution, the nonlinear elastic model provides a 17.8% higher contact stress on average than the Yeoh model. A parametric study based on the Yeoh model points out that the sub-thickness of the packer rubber needs an elaborate design. Reducing the sub-thickness could increase the contact stress but decrease the seal length in the force control mode. From an engineering perspective, this study demonstrates that it needs to pay more attention when selecting an appropriate material model and a sound analysis method to evaluate the sealing performance of an oil packer.