bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possible tidal dissipation in millisecond pulsar binaries
Authors: Wang D. , Gong B. P. 
Published: April 2022

Aims. The post-Keplerian(PK) parameters inferred from pulsar timing provide a convenient way to test Einstein’s general theory of relativity. However, before obtaining a pure orbital decay Ṗb induced by gravitational wave radiation, which is one of the PK parameters, a number of factors need to be accounted for carefully. The effect of tidal dissipation on Ṗb has been thought of as negligible. Here, we investigate the data for possible effects of tidal dissipation on Ṗb.
Methods. The possibility of the tidal dissipation as a contributor to Ṗb in a large sample of millisecond pulsar binaries is investigated in detail.
Results. We collected a large sample of pulsar binaries with measured Ṗb. All of the systems are millisecond pulsars. The residual ṖbRes of these systems was obtained by subtracting the three normal effects, that is to say the effect of Shklovskii, line-of-sight acceleration, and gravitational radiation. Assuming that tidal dissipation is responsible for such a residual ṖbResa, the tidal parameters of these systems can be calculated and compared with the tidal models.
Conclusions. The residual ṖbResa is distributed over the half positive and half negative. The dynamical tidal model can explain the residual Ṗb of millisecond pulsar-white dwarf binaries. And the Love number of the main-sequence companion of PSR J1227-4853 can be derived as a reasonable value k2 = 0.177−0.058+0.098 with the equilibrium tidal model. Those results are compatible with the scenario of tidal dissipation. Additionally, a weak correlation between the tidal parameter and orbital period is revealed, likely originating in the tidal process of the recycled stage which is worthy of further investigation.
Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential and Atherothrombotic Risk
Authors: Murphy Andrew J. , Dragoljevic Dragana , Natarajan Pradeep , Wang Nan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHematopoiesis is the process of blood production, essential for the continued supply of immune cells and red blood cells. However, the proliferative nature of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) renders them susceptible to developing somatic mutations. HSCs carrying a mutation can gain a selective advantage over normal HSCs and result in hematological disorders. One such disorder is termed clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), a premalignant state associated with aging, where the mutant HSCs are responsible for producing a small portion of mature immune cells in the circulation and subsequently in tissues. People with CHIP have been shown to have an increased risk of mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Why this occurs is under rigorous investigation, but the majority of the studies to date have suggested that increased atherosclerosis is due to heightened inflammatory cytokine release from mutant lesional macrophages. However, given CHIP is driven by several mutations, other hematopoietic lineages can be altered to promote CVD. In this review we explore the relationship between mutations in genes causing CHIP and atherothrombotic disorders, along with potential mechanisms of enhanced clonal outgrowth and potential therapies and strategies to slow CHIP progression.
Non-Surgical Devices for Nasal Obstruction
Authors: Deot Neal , Obayemi Adetokunbo , Davila Richard O. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNasal obstruction is a common presenting complaint in most otolaryngology practices. A reduction of nasal airflow can contribute to exercise intolerance, snoring, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and an overall decreased quality of life. When medical management for non-anatomical issues fails to resolve the obstruction, surgeries targeting nasal obstruction—namely septorhinoplasty and/or inferior turbinate reduction are often considered. A frequently overlooked alternative for these patients is the wide array of non-surgical and minimally invasive appliances available to address nasal obstruction. This article attempts to provide a basic overview of these devices, benefits, and limitations, and the evidence supporting their efficacy in alleviating nasal obstruction.
Phenotypic Detection of ESBL, AmpC, MBL, and Their Co-occurrence among MDR Enterobacteriaceae Isolates
Authors: Salvia Thounaojam , Dolma Karma G. , Dhakal Om Prakash , Khandelwal Bidita , Singh Laishram Shantikumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC β-lactamases, and metallo-β lactamases (MBL), and their co-existence among members of Enterobacteriaceae pose newer diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The present study examines the ESBL, AmpC, and MBL production by various phenotypic methods and their co-occurrence among the multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates.
Materials and Methods Four hundred non-repetitive Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates were collected from the Central Referral Hospital, Sikkim. The isolates were used for identification and their antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. ESBL was detected by double-disc synergy test (DDST) and phenotypic confirmatory disc-diffusion test (PCDDT), AmpC detection by AmpC E-test, and boronic acid disc diffusion (BD) test. MBL was detected using the imipenem–imipenem/EDTA disc and carba-NP tests.
Results Around 76% were considered MDR. ESBL was seen in 58% and 50.4% based on DDST and phenotypic confirmation disc-diffusion test (PCDDT), respectively. AmpC was detected in 11.8% and 13.1% using a commercial E-test and boronic acid test, respectively. MBL were identified in 12.8% and 14.8% based on MBL imipenem-EDTA and carba-NP tests, respectively. Co-occurrence of ESBL and AmpC, ESBL and MBL, AmpC and MBL was seen in 5.2%, 11.5%, 1.3%, respectively, whereas a combination of these three β-lactamases was observed in only 0.3% of 304 MDR isolates.
Conclusion The findings highlight a high prevalence of β-lactamases and their co-production among the Enterobacteriaceae, mainly in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates. The study further highlights the necessity to identify the MDR β-lactamases stains for effective therapy in severe as well as mild bacterial infections, thereby enabling to reduce the risk of MDR in hospital and community settings.
Emergent effects of global change on consumption depend on consumers and their resources in marine systems
Authors: Kindinger Tye L. , Toy Jason A. , Kroeker Kristy J. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Understanding the effects of global change on species interactions is important for predicting emergent ecosystem changes. Although environmental change can have direct effects on consumers, it is unclear if consumption will change in any generalizable way when both the consumer and resource(s) are exposed to future conditions. Using meta-analysis, we show high variability in consumption rates in response to ocean acidification and warming, indicating conclusions that suggest consumption will generally increase or decrease in a future ocean are premature. We also demonstrate how the interpretation is dependent on whether only the consumer or both the consumer and its resource(s) are exposed to future conditions. Based on these findings, we provide a road map for future research in this area.
Deep models of superficial face judgments
Authors: Peterson Joshua C. , Uddenberg Stefan , Griffiths Thomas L. , Todorov Alexander , Suchow Jordan W. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
We quickly and irresistibly form impressions of what other people are like based solely on how their faces look. These impressions have real-life consequences ranging from hiring decisions to sentencing decisions. We model and visualize the perceptual bases of facial impressions in the most comprehensive fashion to date, producing photorealistic models of 34 perceived social and physical attributes (e.g., trustworthiness and age). These models leverage and demonstrate the utility of deep learning in face evaluation, allowing for 1) generation of an infinite number of faces that vary along these perceived attribute dimensions, 2) manipulation of any face photograph along these dimensions, and 3) prediction of the impressions any face image may evoke in the general (mostly White, North American) population.
Climate change–induced population pressure drives high rates of lethal violence in the Prehispanic central Andes
Authors: McCool Weston C. , Codding Brian F. , Vernon Kenneth B. , Wilson Kurt M. , Yaworsky Peter M. , Marwan Norbert , Kennett Douglas J. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Warfare and homicide are pervasive features of the human experience, yet scholars struggle to understand the conditions that promote violence. Climate and conflict research has revealed many linkages between climate change and human violence; however, studies often produce contrary findings, and the driving mechanisms remain difficult to identify. We suggest a solution is to identify conditions producing resource scarcity, which are necessarily a combination of climate and population dynamics. We examine patterns of lethal violence in the Prehispanic Andes and find that favorable climate conditions fostered rapid population growth within a circumscribed landscape, resulting in chronic warfare. Our work suggests that an increasingly unstable climate may promote future violence, where favorable climate regimes incentivize population growth and attendant resource strain.
The origin of dative subjects and psych predicate constructions in Japanese
Authors: Yanagida Yuko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is considerable literature on dative subject or non-canonical subject marking constructions in Japanese, and yet they have been studied mainly from a synchronic point of view. This paper investigates the diachronic dimension of non-canonical case marking constructions in Japanese. FollowingYanagida and Whitman (2009), I assume that Old Japanese (700–800 A.D.) displays split active alignment. This paper argues that dative subjects arose as a byproduct of a change occurring from active-inactive to accusative alignment. A factor triggering this change was the reanalysis of some particular object experiencer predicates as intransitives due to the loss of the vestigial causative suffix associated with the predicate. Synchronically, these constructions involve a voice alternation of the type identified as the psych causative alternation byAlexiadou and Iordăchioaia (2014): object experiencer verbs behave parallel to causative verbs whereas alternating subject experiencer verbs behave parallel to anticausative verbs.
Tactical positioning in short‐track speed skating: The utility of race‐specific athlete‐opponent interactions
Authors: Hext Andrew , Hettinga Florentina Johanna , McInerney Ciarán 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTIn short‐track speed skating, tactical positioning is essential for success as the race format (head‐to‐head) prioritises finishing position over finishing time. At present, our understanding of this phenomenon is based on measuring the similarity between athletes’ intermediate and final rankings. However, as this approach groups athlete performances across races, each lap's estimate of tactical importance ignores the athlete‐opponent interactions specific to each race. Here, we examine the utility of race‐specific athlete‐opponent interactions for investigating tactical positioning. Using intermediate and final rankings of elite 1,000 m short‐track speed skating competitors collected from 2010/11–2017/18 (n = 6,196, races = 1,549), we compared the current method to a novel approach that accounted for race‐specific athlete‐opponent interactions. This approach first applied the current method to each race independently before using these values to form (1) discrete, empirical distributions of each lap's tactical importance and (2) race‐specific tactical positioning sequences. Our results showed that accounting for race‐specific athlete‐opponent interactions provided a higher measurement granularity (i.e. level of detail) for investigating tactical positioning in short‐track speed skating, which better captured the complexity of the phenomenon. We observed 61 different tactical positioning behaviours and 1,269 unique tactical positioning sequences compared to the current approach's nine‐point estimates of tactical positioning importance. For this reason, we recommend that researchers and practitioners account for race‐specific athlete‐opponent interactions in the future as it offers a deeper understanding of tactical positioning that will enhance both strategic and tactical decisions.Highlights
We compare the current approach for investigating tactical positioning to a novel approach that accounts for race‐specific athlete‐opponent interactions.
We show that accounting for race‐specific athlete‐opponent interactions provides a higher measurement granularity (i.e. level of detail) for investigating tactical positioning in short‐track speed skating.
We demonstrate that this increased measurement granularity can facilitate a deeper understanding of tactical positioning by (1) producing theoretically‐more‐correct point estimates of tactical positioning importance, (2) enabling more rigorous statistical analyses into the effect of athlete‐environment interactions on tactical positioning behaviour, and (3) allowing sequential analyses that capture the progressive relationships between laps.
We recommend that researchers and practitioners account for race‐specific athlete‐opponent interactions in future investigations, as the findings will enhance analyst, coach, and athlete preparation for the strategic and tactical decision‐making process essential for success in short‐track.
Quantum mechanical simulation of various phases of KVF3 perovskite
Authors: El-Kelany Khaled E , Pascale Fabien , Platonenko Alexander , Ferrari Anna Maria , Dovesi Roberto 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The relative stability ΔE of the cubic Pm

3

¯

m (C), of the two tetragonal P

4

m

bm (T1) and I

4

m

cm (T2), and of the orthorhombic Pbnm (O) phases of KVF3 has been computed both for the ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) solutions, by using the B3LYP full range hybrid functional and the Hartree–Fock (HF) Hamiltonian, an all-electron Gaussian type basis set and the CRYSTAL code. The stabilization of the T2 phase with respect to the C one (152 μHa for B3LYP, 180 μHa for HF, per 2 formula units) is due to the rotation of the VF6 octahedra with respect to the c axis, by 4.1–4.6 degrees. The O phase is slightly less stable than the T2 phase (by 6 and 20 μHa for B3LYP and HF); it is, however, a stable structure as the dynamical analysis confirms. The mechanism of the stabilization of the AFM solution with respect to the FM one is discussed through the spin density maps, and is related to the key role of the exact exchange term (20% in B3LYP, 100% in HF). The G-AFM phase (the first six neighbors of the reference V ion with spin reversed) is more stable than the FM one by about 500 (HF) and 1800 (B3LYP) μHa per two formula units. A volume reduction is observed in the C to T passage, and in the FM to AFM one, both being of the order of 0.3–0.5

A

˚

3

at the B3LYP level. Atomic charges, magnetic moments and bond populations, evaluated according to a Mulliken partition of the charge a spin density functions, complete the analysis. The IR and Raman spectra of the FM and AFM C, T2 and O cells are discussed; the only noticeable difference between the various space groups appears in the modes with wavenumbers lower than 100 cm−1.
Quantum model learning agent: characterisation of quantum systems through machine learning
Authors: Flynn Brian , Gentile Antonio A , Wiebe Nathan , Santagati Raffaele , Laing Anthony 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Accurate models of real quantum systems are important for investigating their behaviour, yet are difficult to distil empirically. Here, we report an algorithm—the quantum model learning agent (QMLA)—to reverse engineer Hamiltonian descriptions of a target system. We test the performance of QMLA on a number of simulated experiments, demonstrating several mechanisms for the design of candidate Hamiltonian models and simultaneously entertaining numerous hypotheses about the nature of the physical interactions governing the system under study. QMLA is shown to identify the true model in the majority of instances, when provided with limited a priori information, and control of the experimental setup. Our protocol can explore Ising, Heisenberg and Hubbard families of models in parallel, reliably identifying the family which best describes the system dynamics. We demonstrate QMLA operating on large model spaces by incorporating a genetic algorithm to formulate new hypothetical models. The selection of models whose features propagate to the next generation is based upon an objective function inspired by the Elo rating scheme, typically used to rate competitors in games such as chess and football. In all instances, our protocol finds models that exhibit F
1  score ⩾ 0.88 when compared with the true model, and it precisely identifies the true model in 72% of cases, whilst exploring a space of over 250 000 potential models. By testing which interactions actually occur in the target system, QMLA is a viable tool for both the exploration of fundamental physics and the characterisation and calibration of quantum devices.
QUBIC IV: Performance of TES bolometers and readout electronics
Authors: Piat M. , Stankowiak G. , Battistelli E.S. , de Bernardis P. , D'Alessandro G. , De Petris M. , Grandsire L. , Hamilton J.-Ch. , Hoang T.D. , Marnieros S. , Masi S. , Mennella A. , Mousset L. , O'Sullivan C. , Prêle D. , Tartari A. , Thermeau J.-P. , Torchinsky S.A. , Voisin F. , Zannoni M. , Ade P. , Alberro J.G. , Almela A. , Amico G. , Arnaldi L.H. , Auguste D. , Aumont J. , Azzoni S. , Banfi S. , Baù A. , Bélier B. , Bennett D. , Bergé L. , Bernard J.-Ph. , Bersanelli M. , Bigot-Sazy M.-A. , Bonaparte J. , Bonis J. , Bunn E. , Burke D. , Buzi D. , Cavaliere F. , Chanial P. , Chapron C. , Charlassier R. , Cobos Cerutti A.C. , Columbro F. , Coppolecchia A. , De Gasperis G. , De Leo M. , Dheilly S. , Duca C. , Dumoulin L. , Etchegoyen A. , Fasciszewski A. , Ferreyro L.P. , Fracchia D. , Franceschet C. , Gamboa Lerena M.M. , Ganga K.M. , García B. , García Redondo M.E. , Gaspard M. , Gayer D. , Gervasi M. , Giard M. , Gilles V. , Giraud-Heraud Y. , Gómez Berisso M. , González M. , Gradziel M. , Hampel M.R. , Harari D. , Henrot-Versillé S. , Incardona F. , Jules E. , Kaplan J. , Kristukat C. , Lamagna L. , Loucatos S. , Louis T. , Maffei B. , Marty W. , Mattei A. , May A. , McCulloch M. , Mele L. , Melo D. , Montier L. , Mundo L.M. , Murphy J.A. , Murphy J.D. , Nati F. , Olivieri E. , Oriol C. , Paiella A. , Pajot F. , Passerini A. , Pastoriza H. , Pelosi A. , Perbost C. , Perciballi M. , Pezzotta F. , Piacentini F. , Piccirillo L. , Pisano G. , Platino M. , Polenta G. , Puddu R. , Rambaud D. , Rasztocky E. , Ringegni P. , Romero G.E. , Salum J.M. , Schillaci A. , Scóccola C.G. , Scully S. , Spinelli S. , Stolpovskiy M. , Supanitsky A.D. , Timbie P. , Tomasi M. , Tucker C. , Tucker G. , Viganò D. , Vittorio N. , Wicek F. , Wright M. , Zullo A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A prototype version of the Q & U bolometric interferometer for cosmology (QUBIC) underwent a campaign of testing in the laboratory at
Astroparticle Physics and Cosmology laboratory in Paris (APC). The detection chain is currently made of 256 NbSi transition edge sensors (TES) cooled to 320 mK. The readout system is a 128:1 time domain multiplexing scheme based on 128 SQUIDs cooled at 1 K that are controlled and amplified by a SiGe application specific integrated circuit at 40 K. We report the performance of this readout chain and the characterization of the TES. The readout system has been functionally tested and characterized in the lab and in QUBIC. The low noise amplifier demonstrated a white noise level of 0.3 nV/√Hz. Characterizations of the QUBIC detectors and readout electronics includes the measurement of I-V curves, time constant and the noise equivalent power. The QUBIC TES bolometer array has approximately 80% detectors within operational parameters. It demonstrated a thermal decoupling compatible with a phonon noise of about 5 × 10-17 W/√Hz at 410 mK critical temperature. While still limited by microphonics from the pulse tubes and noise aliasing from readout system, the instrument noise equivalent power is about
2 × 10-16 W/√Hz, enough for the demonstration of bolometric interferometry.
Inflation with antisymmetric tensor field: new candidates
Authors: Aashish Sandeep , Ajith Abhijith , Panda Sukanta , Thakur Rahul 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study classes of inflation models driven by antisymmetric
tensor field, with minimal and nonminimal couplings to gravity, that
address the known issues of such models considered in the
past. First, we show that with a different choice of the background
structure of the antisymmetric tensor field, inflation is supported
even for the minimal model with quadratic potential contrary to past
results. We also include the nonminimal coupling to gravity and
analyse perturbations to the antisymmetric tensor as well as the
tensor modes of perturbed metric. The two models differ in terms of
the behaviour of tensor modes, where the speed of the gravitational
wave can be tuned to c in the latter model. The power spectrum and
spectral index receive slight scale dependence. Finally, we
consider a quartic potential motivated by the graceful exit to
reheating phase, which requires a nonminimal coupling to support
inflation. The two tensor modes of the perturbed metric are found to
evolve differently in this model, and give rise to a highly
scale-dependent power spectrum.
Implementation of Fast Measurement System of Semiconductor Device Parameter Temperature Coefficient Based on FPGA
Authors: Li Tianqi , Feng Shiwei , Bai Kun , Ni Yijia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a fast temperature coefficient measurement system based on FPGA is presented to rapidly measure the temperature coefficient of semiconductor device parameters. The design methods of hardware circuit, software system and FPGA program are put forward here. The system uses the heating platform to linearly raise the temperature of the device, and collects the voltage and temperature information in real time. Through the integration and processing of a large number of data, the temperature coefficient of DUT can be obtained rapidly and accurately. Based on this system, the silicon-based Schottky barrier diode (Si SBD) is studied, and the diode temperature coefficient is obtained. Compared with the steady-state method to verify the rapidity, accuracy and efficiency of the system. It can be used in the field of electrical and thermal measurement of semiconductor devices.