bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Sigh After Sleep: Poiesis and the Sacramentality of Nature in Annette von Droste-Hüshoff’s Late Lyric
Authors: Sorenson Alexander 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Critics of Annette von Droste-Hülshoff have long pursued the dominant themes of natural depiction and religiosity in her poetry, and a more recent strain of scholarship has been drawing out the ecological implications of the former, though less so of the latter. The article brings these different lines of interpretation together by exploring how Droste’s late work presents the connection between nature and poiesis as an effect of the Fall, and thus as integral to the human condition. The article shows how these themes are gathered around the figure of Eve and the leitmotif of sleep and argues that tracing these topoi allows us to see that Droste depicts the encounter with nature to be an inherently sacramental event, one which ultimately lays bare a postlapsarian—and ecologically relevant—kinship between poiesis, nature, and human Being.
Galaxy And Mass Assembly: Galaxy Zoo spiral arms and star formation rates
Authors: Porter-Temple R , Holwerda B W , Hopkins A M , Porter L E , Henry C , Geron T , Simmons B , Masters K , Kruk S 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Understanding the effect spiral structure has on star formation properties of galaxies is important to complete our picture of spiral structure evolution. Previous studies have investigated connections between spiral arm properties and star formation, but the effect that the number of spiral arms has on this process is unclear. Here, we use the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey paired with the citizen science visual classifications from the Galaxy Zoo project to explore galaxies’ spiral arm number and how it connects to the star formation process. We use the votes from the GAMA-Kilo Degree Survey Galaxy Zoo classification to investigate the link between spiral arm number and stellar mass, star formation rate, and specific star formation rate (sSFR). We find that galaxies with fewer spiral arms have lower stellar masses and higher sSFRs, while those with more spiral arms tend towards higher stellar masses and lower sSFRs, and conclude that galaxies are less efficient at forming stars if they have more spiral arms. We note how previous studies’ findings may indicate a cause for this connection in spiral arm strength or opacity.
Effects of omega-3 supplementation on serum albumin, pre-albumin and the CRP/albumin ratio in hospitalized patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bagheri Amir , Soltani Sanaz , Asoudeh Farzaneh , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
Low serum albumin and pre-albumin concentrations are associated with edema, infection, thrombosis, heart failure, and mortality.

Objective
This comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was conducted to summarize the available findings on the impact of omega-3 supplementation on albumin, pre-albumin, and the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in hospitalized patients.

Data sources
PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched from January 1990 to October 2021.

Data Extraction
Extracted data from 50 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total number of 3196 participants were analyzed using the random-effects model. The dose-dependent effect was also evaluated.

Data Analysis
Oral omega-3 supplementation significantly increased serum albumin concentrations in patients with cancer (weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.33, P= 0.006), patients on dialysis (WMD: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.28, P= 0.042), and those with hypoalbuminemia (WMD: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.72, P = 0.033); however, there was no significant effect among patients with gastrointestinal or hepatologic diseases. Moreover, each 1000 mg/day increase in oral omega-3 supplementation resulted in elevated serum albumin levels in cancer patients (WMD: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.24, P &lt; 0.001). In addition, a favorable effect of oral omega-3 supplementation on pre-albumin levels was observed among patients with cancer (WMD: 33.87; 95% CI: 12.34, 55.39, P = 0.002). A similar significant effect of parenteral omega-3 supplementation on pre-albumin concentrations was seen among those with gastrointestinal and hepatologic diseases as well (WMD: 23.30; 95% CI: 13.58, 33.03, P &lt; 0.001). No significant effect of oral omega-3 supplementation on the CRP/albumin ratio was found.

Conclusions
Overall, omega-3 fatty acids supplementation resulted in a favorable change in serum albumin and pre-albumin concentrations in hospitalized patients.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021285704.
The deubiquitinating enzymes UBP12 and UBP13 positively regulate recovery after carbon starvation by modulating BES1 stability inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Xiong Jiawei , Yang Fabin , Yao Xiuhong , Zhao Yuqing , Wen Yu , Lin Honghui , Guo Hongqing , Yin Yanhai , Zhang Dawei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR1 (BES1), a core transcription factor in the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway, primarily regulates plant growth and development by influencing BR-regulated gene expression. Several E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligases regulate BES1 stability, but little is known about BES1 deubiquitination, which antagonizes E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitination to maintain BES1 homeostasis. Here, we report that two Arabidopsis thaliana deubiquitinating enzymes, Ub-SPECIFIC PROTEASE (UBP) 12 and UBP13, interact with BES1. UBP12 and UBP13 removed Ub from polyubiquitinated BES1 to stabilize both phosphorylated and dephosphorylated forms of BES1. A double mutant, ubp12-2w ubp13-3, lacking UBP12 and UBP13 function showed both BR-deficient and BR-insensitive phenotypes, whereas transgenic plants overexpressing UBP12 or UBP13 exhibited an increased BR response. Expression of UBP12 and UPB13 was induced during recovery after carbon starvation, which led to BES1 accumulation and quick recovery of stressed plants. Our work thus establishes a mechanism by which UBP12 and UBP13 regulate BES1 protein abundance to enhance BR-regulated growth during recovery after carbon starvation.
Virus-induced gene silencing forin plantavalidation of gene function in cucurbits
Authors: Rhee Sun-Ju , Jang Yoon Jeong , Park Jun-Young , Ryu Jisu , Lee Gung Pyo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVirus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful tool for high-throughput analysis of gene function. Here, we developed the VIGS vector pCF93, from which expression of the cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus genome is driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter to produce viral transcripts in inoculated plants. To test the utility of the pCF93 vector, we identified candidate genes related to male sterility (MS) in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), which is recalcitrant to genetic transformation. Specifically, we exploited previously reported reference-based and de novo transcriptome data to define 38 differentially expressed genes between a male-sterile line and its fertile near-isogenic line in the watermelon cultivar DAH. We amplified 200- to 300-bp fragments of these genes, cloned them into pCF93, and inoculated DAH with the resulting VIGS clones. The small watermelon cultivar DAH enabled high-throughput screening using a small cultivation area. We simultaneously characterized the phenotypes associated with each of the 38 candidate genes in plants grown in a greenhouse. Silencing of 8 of the 38 candidate genes produced male-sterile flowers with abnormal stamens and no pollen. We confirmed the extent of gene silencing in inoculated flowers using reverse transcription–qPCR. Histological analysis of stamens from male-fertile and male-sterile floral buds and mature flowers revealed developmental defects and shrunken pollen sacs. Based on these findings, we propose that the pCF93 vector and our VIGS system will facilitate high-throughput analysis for the study of gene function in watermelons.
Police ethics committees in England and Wales: Exploratory online and web surveys
Authors: Snelling Paul , MacVean Allyson , Lewis Richard 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Drawing from practice and learning of Clinical Ethics Committees, Police Ethics Committees began to emerge in the years following the statutory creation of the College of Policing in 2012, but there is little research on their form and effectiveness. This paper reports the results of exploratory online and web surveys undertaken in 2021. The surveys revealed committees with the word ‘ethics’ in their title fell within two different types. First, discursive and advisory committees, largely inclusive but with those operated by the large forces in London and Greater Manchester functioning more like expert panels. Second, some committees operated within formal governance structures, receiving reports and scrutinizing aspects of police performance including complaints. Variation in operation between Police Ethics Committees was evident in respect of composition, web presence and reporting mechanisms. Further research on the operation and effectiveness of Ethics Committees is required.
Two kinds of problem-solving
Authors: Thacher David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany of problem-oriented policing’s most thoughtful students have worried that it makes unrealistic demands on officers, and some of them have suggested that police might need to settle for a less ambitious version of Goldstein’s original model. This paper argues that these worries and suggestions rest on a faulty interpretation of that model’s logic. The most significant feature of problem-oriented policing lies not in the identification and resolution of community problems but in the identification and reform of defective organizational routines. ‘Problems’ are signals that organizational practices are failing, and ‘problem-solving’ is the work of analyzing how they can be reformed. This interpretation has implications for the kind of knowledge problem-solving should rely on and the organizational structure in which it should be embedded.
Are Intermediary Constraints Priced?
Authors: Du Wenxin , Hébert Benjamin , Huber Amy Wang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractViolations of no-arbitrage conditions measure the shadow cost of intermediary constraints. Intermediary asset pricing and intertemporal hedging together imply that the risk of these constraints tightening is priced. We describe a “forward CIP trading strategy” that bets on CIP violations shrinking and show that its returns help identify the price of this risk. This strategy yields the highest returns for currency pairs associated with the carry trade. The strategy’s risk substantially contributes to the volatility of the stochastic discount factor, is correlated with both other near-arbitrages and intermediary wealth measures, and appears to be consistently priced across various asset classes.Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
INVESTIGATION OF RADIATION RISKS BASED ON THE CLINICAL FINDINGS FROM HEAD CT SCANS IN TRAUMA
Authors: Shubayr Nasser , Alomairy Nada , Aldawood Saad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the radiation risks in terms of effective dose and the cancer risk probability resulting from computed tomography (CT) scans of the head for traumatic patients and determine how often traumatic abnormalities occur. Data were collected retrospectively for 138 traumatic patients from the picture archiving and communication system, including exposure parameters and clinical findings. The mean values of the dose length product, CT dose index volume and effective dose for the CT head examinations were 787 ± 67.7 mGy•cm, 40.1 ± 1.33 mGy and 1.47 ± 0.12 mSv, respectively. Of the total cases of CT scans of the head, 57.2% (n = 79) exhibited positive findings. The cancer risk probability for the patients was 6.04 × 10−5 per procedure, with no statistically significant differences between positive and negative findings (p = 0.345). Taking into consideration the justification of the examination, the risk of missing positive findings and the radiation risks, the immediate benefit of head CT for trauma patients for guiding medical decisions outweighs the radiation risk that will probably manifest later.
Balancing interests between freedom and censorship: Organizational strategies for quality assurance in science communication
Authors: Fecher Benedikt , Kuper Freia , Fähnrich Birte , Schmid-Petri Hannah , Schildhauer Thomas , Weingart Peter , Wormer Holger 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile science communication is increasingly being discussed as a third mission alongside research and teaching, there is little research on how universities and research organizations deal with issues regarding the quality of science communication. This article examines, from an organizational perspective, which new forms of quality assurance processes scientific organizations in Germany apply when addressing quality risks for science communication such as exaggeration in press releases or in the online communication of individual faculty members. Six focus group discussions were conducted with 22 participants (rectors or presidents of universities, heads of communication, ombudsmen, and high-impact researchers). Based on the results, proposals were developed to extend central as well as decentral organizational structures to assure good scientific communication practice. Their possible implementation was discussed in a workshop with representatives of all abovementioned groups. In conclusion, recommendations for future institutional policy are presented.
Metabolic Competency of Larval Zebrafish in Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A Case Study of Acetaminophen Poisoning
Authors: Chen Yijia , Song Weiyi , Ge Wei , Yan Ru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Larval zebrafish is emerging as a new model organism for studying drug-induced liver injury (DILI) with superiorities in visual assessment, genetic engineering as well as high throughput. Metabolic bioactivation to form reactive intermediates is a common event that triggers DILI. This study first addressed the correlation between acetaminophen metabolism and hepatotoxicity in zebrafish larvae (3-day postfertilization) and demonstrated the occurrence of cytochrome P450 enzymes-mediated acetaminophen (APAP) bioactivation at early developmental stage through characterizing the dose-effect (0–1.6 mg/ml) and the time course (0–72 h) of liver injury and metabolism in the AB strain and LiPan transgenic line Tg(lfabp10a: DsRed; elaA:egfp) expressing the liver-specific fluorescent protein. APAP caused multiorgan developmental retardation and elicited dose- and time-dependent hepatotoxicity. Liver imaging revealed significant changes earlier than histological and biochemical measurements. APAP bioactivation in larval zebrafish was first confirmed by the detection of the glutathione conjugate of the reactive intermediate NAPQI (NAPQI-GSH) and subsequent mercapturate derivatives NAPQI-cysteine and NAPQI-N-acetylcysteine after even short (0.5-h postexposure) or low (0.2 mg/ml) APAP exposure. APAP overdose impaired metabolic function, in particular sulfation, whereas facilitated GSH depletion and APAP sulfate excretion. Meanwhile, APAP displayed triphasic accumulation in the larvae, agreeing with fluctuating metabolic capabilities with sulfation dominating the early larval developmental stage. Most importantly, the dose-response effects and time course of APAP accumulation and metabolism agree well with those of the liver injury development. Overall, larval zebrafish has developed mammalian-like metabolic function, enabling it an ideal model organism for high-throughput screening hepatotoxicity and mechanistic study of bioactivation-based DILI.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on CD4 Count in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents in North India: A Non-Randomized Comparative Study
Authors: Verma Prabha , Shrivastava Anubha , Siddiqui Shahid Akhtar , Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Singh Mukesh Vir , Tripathi Ambuj , Maurya Manisha , Mishra Nandita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
HIV infection is still a serious public health issue globally. Suboptimal vitamin D status is highly prevalent in HIV-infected children and adolescents throughout the world.

Objectives
To evaluate the outcome of vitamin D supplementation on CD4 count in HIV-infected children and adolescents with suboptimal vitamin D status.

Methods
Vitamin D level of HIV-infected children and adolescents were measured at enrolment. Suboptimal vitamin D level was defined as 25(OH)D &lt; 30 ng/ml. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were defined as 21–29 and &lt;20 ng/ml, respectively. Children with suboptimal vitamin D levels were supplemented with vitamin D.

Results
This was a single-centre, non-randomized comparative study enrolling 50 eligible participants. There were 20 patients who were vitamin D sufficient, 7 were vitamin D insufficient and 23 were found to be vitamin D deficient at enrolment. However, after supplementation, the status of sufficient remained same and 7 insufficient become sufficient, whereas in 23 deficient, 18 (78.3%) become sufficient and 5 (21.7%) become insufficient and this change was found statistically significant among the groups (χ2 = 6.52, p = 0.038). There was a significant improvement of CD4 count from baseline to 4 months in deficient group on vitamin D supplementation (p value &lt; 0.001; 1.2-fold rise). No significant change was seen in vitamin D insufficient (p value = 0.791) and sufficient groups (p value = 0.168).

Conclusion
Vitamin D should be supplemented in HIV-infected children on ART with low CD4 counts.
Mitogenomes resolve the phylogeography and divergence times within the endemic New Zealand Callaeidae (Aves: Passerida)
Authors: Lubbe Pascale , Rawlence Nicolas J , Kardailsky Olga , Robertson Bruce C , Day Robert , Knapp Michael , Dussex Nicolas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe biogeographical origins of the endemic birds of New Zealand (Aotearoa) are of great interest, particularly Palaeogene lineages such as Callaeidae, a passerine family characterized by brightly coloured wattles behind the beak and, in some cases, extreme sexual dimorphism in bill size and shape. Ancestral representatives of Callaeidae are thought to have split from their closest relatives outside New Zealand in the Oligocene, but little is known about the timing of divergences within the family. We present a fully dated molecular phylogeny of Callaeidae mitogenomes and discuss the biogeographical implications. Our results suggest that formation of Pliocene marine seaways, such as the Manawatu Strait, are likely to have played a significant role in the differentiation of North Island and South Island kōkako (Callaeas spp.) and saddlebacks/tīeke (Philesturnus spp.).
Vaping
Authors: DeGomez Chelsey , Feirstein Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The topic of vaping is becoming increasingly prevalent in healthcare, especially regarding adolescents as their use of electronic cigarette products continues to increase. The many factors to consider include the safety of these products, human health and behavior, and social effects. Healthcare providers need to be aware of these issues to provide appropriate education and care to adolescent patients.
Clinical care pathways for ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Dong Xuezhi , Wu Christopher L. , YaDeau Jacques T. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is growing in popularity and is increasingly done on an ambulatory basis. This review examines recent developments in anesthesia and analgesia for ambulatory shoulder surgery. Pathway components are discussed and a sample pathway is described.

Recent Findings
Adoption of pathways for shoulder surgery improves patient experience by reducing pain, opioid use, and side effects while improving patient satisfaction. Long-acting nerve blockade using adjuvants like dexamethasone provide long-lasting analgesia without rebound pain. Peripheral nerve blockade provides better analgesia than peri-articular injection of local anesthetic. There are multiple approaches to nerve blockade for shoulder surgery to consider, including interscalene, superior trunk, supraclavicular, and anterior suprascapular nerve blocks. Multimodal analgesia should include acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but routine gabapentinoids should not be used.

Summary
Anesthesiologists should lead the way to create and implement pathways for ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty, incorporating appropriate patient selection, patient education, long-lasting nerve blockade, and multimodal analgesia.
Financial Burden of Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Xu Amy L. , Mun Frederick , Gupta Arjun , Margalit Adam , Prasad Niyathi , Lee Rushyuan J. 
Published: August 2022

Background:High costs and lack of price transparency for common pediatric orthopaedic procedures create financial burden for patients. We assessed (1) how patient medical debt after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) correlates with health insurance type; and (2) factors associated with patient financial burden and worry after ACLR.Methods:We reviewed records of 122 patients aged below 18 years who underwent ACLR at our US academic hospital from 2016 to 2020. Patients were grouped by health insurance type: private (n=80) or public (n=42). A telephone survey about ACLR-related financial burden and worry was administered to patients’ parents (45% response rate). Primary outcomes were patient medical debt and patient-reported financial burden measured by the financial burden composite score (0 to 6, with 6 representing highest burden) and dichotomized worry score (1 to 3, low worry; 4 to 5, high worry). We used univariate analyses to compare financial outcomes and multivariable regressions to determine factors associated with reported financial burden (alpha=0.05).Results:Debt after ACLR was reported by 10 of 122 patients (8%), all of whom had private insurance (P=0.045). Of 55 survey respondents, treatment-related financial burden was reported by 32 (58%). Mean±SD financial burden composite scores were higher for privately insured (1.8±2.0) versus publicly insured patients (0.74±1.2) (P=0.02), but rates of high financial worry were similar (private, 8% vs. public, 21%) (P=0.22). A higher proportion of patients with private insurance (31%) reported having to use savings after ACLR compared with publicly insured patients (5%) (P=0.04). The most frequently cited reason for financial burden was the cost of postoperative physical therapy (PT) (n=21). Number of PT visits was independently associated with financial burden composite scores (P=0.02). Insurance type was not independently associated with financial burden (P>0.05).Conclusion:Although a small proportion of patients generated medical debt after ACLR (greater for those privately vs. publicly insured), the majority reported treatment-related financial burden primarily driven by PT costs.Level of Evidence:Level III.