bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GC-MS and GC-FID analysis of volatile secondary metabolites of the root of Anaphalis contorta Hook F. from India
Authors: Joshi Rajesh K. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT. The chemical composition of hydro-distilled essential oil of dried roots of Anaphalis contorta Hook F. was analyzed for the first time by using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The compounds of essential oil were identified according to their mass spectra and their relative retention indices determined on a capillary GC column (non-polar stationary phase). Twenty-seven compounds were identified representing 94.8% of the total oil. The major constituents were 2,2-dimethyl-2[2,4,6-trimethylphenyl] acetic acid (12.1%), labda-8,14-dien-13-ol (8.4%), δ-cadinene (8.1%), labda-7,14-dien-13-ol (6.9%), α-gurjunene (6.7%), viridiflorene (5.1%), and caryophyllene oxide (4.9%). The root essential oil of A. contorta produced different chemotypes.

KEY WORDS: Anaphalis contorta Hook F., Essential oil composition, 2,2-Dimethyl-2[2,4,6-trimethylphenyl] acetic acid. labda-8,14-dien-13-ol, GC/MS
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(1), 235-240.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i1.19
Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of three new Schiff bases derived from amino acids and their Ag(I) complexes
Authors: Aftab Mehwish , Mazhar Noreen , Shah Muhammad Tariq , Batool Mansoor Akhtar Madeeha , Mahmud Tariq , Basra Muhammad Asim Raza , Bratu Gabriel , Mitu Liviu 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT. Three Schiff base ligands which were derived from glycine, asparagine and alanine L1, L2 and L3 were designed and used to synthesized their Ag(I) complexes. 1H NMR, FT-IR, UV-Visible and conductance techniques were used to characterize the ligands and their metal complexes. The synthesized compounds showed antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Schiff bases and their Ag(I) complexes were screened for antimicrobial activity, in vitro antibacterial activity against three gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi with two gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis by micro plate almar blue assay (MABA), antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata by agar tube dilution protocol. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was performed by heat induce denaturation method and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was performed by induced paw edema method. Cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was recorded against cyclohexamide by MTT assay. Ag(I) metal complexes showed more significant biological activities as compared to ligands.

KEY WORDS: Schiff bases, Metal complexes, Cytotoxicity, Antifungal, Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(1), 45-56.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i1.5
Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of Lippia adoensis Hochst ex. Walp and Ocimum sanctum Linn
Authors: Fikadu Yemisrach , Yaya Estifanos Ele , Chandravanshi Bhagwan Singh 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT. Essential oils of Lippia adoensis Hochst ex. Walp leaf, Ocimum sanctum Linn leaf and stem and mixture of two plants from Bishoftu and Debre Berhan (Ethiopia) were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The essential oil of O. sanctum from Bishoftu showed 12 compounds with major components being b-bisabolene (31.38%), 4-[(1Z)-1,5-dimethyl-1,4-hexadien-1-yl]-1-methylcyclo-hexen (25.56%), eucalyptol (17.12%). While that from Debre Berhan contained 20 compounds with major components being b-bisabolene (24.45%), 4-[(1Z)-1,5-dimethyl-1,4-hexadien-1-yl]-1-methylcyclohexen (19.61%) and eucalyptol (13.42%). The essential oil of the leaves of Lippia adoensis from Bishoftu showed 15 compounds with major components as linalool (66.60%), caryophyllene (4.28%) and that from Debre Berhan showed 12 compounds with linalool (86.11%) as major compound. The essential oil of the mixture of L. adoensis and O. sanctum from Bishoftu showed 18 compounds with major compound being linalool (62.54%) and that from Debre Berhan showed 21 compounds with major compounds being linalool (48.47%) and eicosane (9.42%), octadecane (5.47%). The essential oils of O. sanctum and L. adoensis and their mixture from the two places exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity of 96.48% and 96.17%, 92.58% and 93.37%, and 95.25% and 96.42% at 100 µg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant activities of essential oils were comparable to that of ascorbic acid which exhibited 98.08% at the same concentration (100 µg/mL).

KEY WORDS: Ocimum sanctum, Lippia adoensis, Essential oil, Antioxidant activity, DPPH assay
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(1), 95-108.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i1.9
Gestasyonel Diyabetli Gebeler için ‘‘Diyabette Niyet, Tutum ve Davranış Ölçeği’’nin Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması
Authors: GÜVEN DİNMEZ Sinem , EROĞLU Kafiye 
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmada ‘‘Diyabette Niyet, Tutum ve Davranış Ölçeği’nin’’ Türkçeye uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Metodolojik tipte yapılmış olan araştırmaya, Şubat- Nisan 2020 tarihleri arasında bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nin gebe polikliniklerindeki 133 gestasyonel diyabetli gebe dahil edilmiştir. Ölçekte önce psikolinguistik sonra psikometrik analizler yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Madde toplam puan korelasyon katsayıları analiz edildikten sonra madde sayısı 14’e inen ölçek maddelerinin, kapsam geçerlik oranlarının 0’ın üstünde olduğu, cronbach alpha (α) güvenirlik kat sayısının .88, madde toplam puan korelasyon değerlerinin .354 ve .713 arasında olduğu; test-tekrar test korelasyon kat sayısı değerlerinin (r) madde bazında yüksek olduğu ve kısa zamana göre tutarlılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde beş alt boyutlu yapı olarak doğrulanmıştır.
Sonuç: Ölçeğin Türk toplumunda gestasyonel diyabetli gebeler için yeterli düzeyde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğu belirlenmiş olup, gestasyonel diyabetli gebelerin niyet, tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendirmeyi amaçlayan araştırmalarda kullanılması önerilmektedir.
LA ELABORACIÓN DE LOS PROYECTOS DE LEY DEL GOBIERNO
Authors: OVEJERO PUENTE ANA MARÍA 
Published: March 2022

Las fases de elaboración de los anteproyectos de Ley no son consideradas como
fases del procedimiento legislativo strictu sensu y por ello no están ordenadas. Sin embargo,
en estas fases es más intensa la presencia de lobbies y grupos de presión, y cuando más autónoma
es la participación de la «Administración técnica» a la hora de elaborar la Ley. La Ley
entendida como «norma de integración» permite la confluencia de estos intereses, pero esta
integración de intereses contradice la competencia exclusiva del Gobierno en el desarrollo de
la dirección política. Este trabajo pretende reflexionar sobre la conveniencia de una regulación
de las fases prelegislativas que permitiera canalizar las fuerzas políticas confluyentes; clarificar
las competencias y las responsabilidades, y ofrecer espacios ciertos para la interlocución con la
sociedad durante las fases prelegislativas de elaboración de la Ley.
Legeen aurreproiektuak idazteko faseak ez dira, strictu sensu, legegintzako prozeduraren
ataltzat hartzen, eta hori dela eta, ez daude antolatuta. Hala ere, fase hauetan izaten
da lobby-en eta presio-taldeen eraginik handiena, eta «administrazio teknikoaren» parte hartzea,
berriz, orduan da autonomoena, legea idazteaz ari garela. «Integratzeko arau» gisa hartzen
badugu legea, orduan posible da interes horiek guztiak batera agertzea, baina integrazio horrek
kontraesana sortzen du zuzendaritza politikoa aurrera eramateko Gobernuak duen eskumen esklusiboarekin.
Lan honetan, legegintza aurreko faseei buruz gogoeta egin eta fase horiek arautzea
komeni den azaltzen da, arautze horri esker, gai baten inguruko indar politiko guztiek esku
hartzeko aukera izan dezaten. Eskumenak eta erantzukizunak argituko lituzke araudi horrek, eta
gizartearekiko elkarrizketarako guneak zehaztuko lituzke, betiere legeak idatzi aurreko faseez ari
garela.
The phases on the drafting of bills are not considered as stages of the legislative
procedure strictu sensu and that is why they are not regulated. However, within these phases,
the presence of lobbies and groups with specific interests is more intense, and the participation
of the «technical Administration» in the drafting more autonomous. Acts as «rule of integration
» allow the merging of interests, but this integration of interests contradicts the exclusive
power for developing the political leadership. This work tries to reflect on the advisability
of regulating the pre-legislative phases that might allow to channel the converging political
forces: clarifying powers and responsabilities, and offering open spaces for the dialogue with
society during the prelegislative phases of an Act¿s drafting.
COMENTARIO A LA STSJ DEL PAÍS VASCO NÚMERO 354/2007, DE 17 DE MAYO DE 2007: LA INSPECCIÓN DE LAS CAJAS DE AHORRO POR LAS COMUNIDADES AUTÓNOMAS Y EL BANCO DE ESPAÑA
Authors: LAFONT NICUESA LUIS 
Published: March 2022

Las cajas de ahorro tienen simultáneamente en su funcionamiento una vocación
territorial autonómica y estatal. Deslindar las competencias del Estado y de las comunidades
autónomas resulta complicado. La Sentencia analizada aborda con una elevada precisión técnica
esta espinosa cuestión, ofreciendo una respuesta jurídica estable a la pregunta ¿Puede
una Comunidad Autónoma inspeccionar una Caja de Ahorros?
Aurrezki-kutxek aldi berean hartu nahi dituzte autonomia-erkidegoak eta estatua
jarduteko lurraldetzat. Ez da erraza Estatuaren eta autonomia-erkidegoen eskumenak bereiztea.
Aztertutako epaiak zehaztasun tekniko handiz ekiten dio kontu korapilatsu horri, eta
egonkortasun juridikoz erantzuten dio galdera honi: autonomia&#8209;erkidego batek ikuskatu al dezake
aurrezki-kutxa bat?
Savings Banks have at the same time in their operation an Autonomus and State
territorial vocation. It is complicated to distinguish between the State powers and Autonomous
community powers about them. The studied judgment deals with a high technical precision this
thorny issue by offering a legal and stable answer to this question: Can an Autonomus Community
check a Savings Bank?
Philosophy of Comics
Authors: Cowling Sam , Cray Wesley D. 
Published: March 2022

What exactly is a comic? What is the difference between a comic and an illustrated novel? Could a comic be rightly counted as a work of literature?
Thinking about comics raises a host of philosophical questions. Philosophy of Comics is an introduction to these questions and more. Exploring some of the peculiar features of comics, cartoons, and graphic novels, Sam Cowling and Wesley Cray chart a path through the field of the philosophy of comics.
Using examples from a diverse range of comic genres and informed by case studies of classics such as Watchmen and The Flash, they tackle a variety of ethical, metaphysical, and aesthetic puzzles, including:
- What does it takes to create—or destroy—a fictional character like Black Panther?
- Can all comics be adapted into films, or do some resist such treatment?
- Is there really a genre of “superhero comics”?
At a time of rapidly growing interest in graphic storytelling, this is an ideal introduction to the philosophy of comics and some of its most familiar and important questions.
The Fashion Design Toolkit
Authors: Jennings Tracy 
Published: March 2022

With The Fashion Design Toolkit you’ll learn how tried-and-tested techniques like gathers, pleats, tucks, and twists can help you adapt patterns and create your own original garment designs. Tracy Jennings walks you through 18 patterning tactics to inspire fresh ideas, demonstrating how embracing pattern drafting skills can lead to innovative and effective collections.
Each technique is illustrated in a variety of contexts, showing how and why it has been used by other designers, so you can use the history of each tool as inspiration for your original collections. Ethical practice is woven throughout the book, with tips on how to implement techniques in an environmentally sustainable way.
The 18 essential techniques are divided into 5 categories:
Establishing Fit and Flare: Darts, Slash & Spread, Seaming, Insets
Channeling Fullness: Gathers, Ruffles, Pleats, Tucks
Fashioning the Fluid and Unstructured: Arcs, Flounces, Drapes, Twists
Engineering Fabric and Form: Contouring, Structure, Textile Designs
Focusing on Concepts: Adaptation, Reduction, Zero Waste
Online resources include a downloadable pattern block available in US sizes 4–18 as a printable Adobe PDF file and software-compatible Adobe Illustrator and Optitex files.
Fashion Wholesaling
Authors: Tucker Linda B. 
Published: March 2022

Get to know the activities, processes and people involved in wholesaling and its crucial role in the wider fashion industry. From working with fashion vendors and trend forecasting companies, to navigating trade shows, and working in different territories, Fashion Wholesaling is the ultimate guide to an often overlooked but rewarding career path.
Clearly illustrated case studies and industry-focused exercises put the journey from apparel factory to retailer into a practical, real-world context for anyone looking for a way into the business of fashion.
Religion, Disease, and Immunology
Authors: Ellis Thomas B. 
Published: March 2022

This book argues that religion has emerged over evolutionary time as a strategy for managing the transmission, contraction, and eradication of infectious disease.
From purity and pollution codes to blood sacrifices and irrational beliefs, the book shows how religion supports not only the physiological immune system, but the behavioral and psychological immune systems as well. The book also addresses those moments when it appears that religion becomes maladaptive, that is, religion occasionally causes “autoimmune problems,” such as celibacy and anti-vaccination.
Engaging material ranging from evolutionary and social psychology to human behavioral ecology, biological anthropology, Darwinian medicine, and religious studies, the book proposes that in order to understand the human animal’s enduring fascination with religion, one must take into account the human animal’s enduring need to manage infectious disease.
Feel-Bad Postfeminism
Authors: McDermott Catherine 
Published: March 2022

In Feel-Bad Postfeminism, Catherine McDermott provides crucial insight into what growing up during empowerment postfeminism feels like, and outlines the continuing postfeminist legacy of resilience in girlhood coming-of-age narratives.
McDermott’s analysis of Gone Girl (2012), Girls (2012-2017) and Appropriate Behaviour (2012) illuminates a major cultural turn in which the pleasures of postfeminist empowerment curdle into a profound sense of rage and resentment. By contrast, close examination of The Hunger Games (2008-2010), Girlhood (2014) and Catch Me Daddy (2014) reveals that contemporary genres are increasingly constructing girls as uniquely capable of resiliently overcoming and adapting to unforgiving social conditions.
She develops an affective vocabulary to better understand contemporary modes of defiant, transformative and relational resilience, as well as a framework through which to expand on further modes that are specific to the genres they emerge within. Overall, the book suggests that exploration of the affective dimensions of girls’ and women’s culture can offer new insights into how coming-of-age, girlhood and femininity are culturally produced in the aftermath of postfeminism.
Anxious Masculinity in the Drama of Arthur Miller and Beyond
Authors: Gleitman Claire 
Published: March 2022

Staunchly homosocial, vaguely or overtly misogynistic, anxiously homophobic—this study follows the male breadwinner as he is incarnated in Arthur Miller’s most celebrated plays and as he resurfaces in different guises throughout American drama, from the 1950s to the present.
Anxious Masculinity offers a compelling analysis of gender dynamics and the legacy of this figure as he stalks through the works of other American dramatists, and argues that the gendered anxieties exhibited by their characters are the very ones invoked with such success by Donald Trump.
Claire Gleitman examines this figure in the plays of Miller and Tennessee Williams, as well as later 20th-century writers Lorraine Hansberry, August Wilson, and Sam Shepard, who reposition him in more racially and economically marginalized settings. He reappears in the more recent work of playwrights Tony Kushner, Paula Vogel, and collaborators Lisa Kron and Jeanine Tesori, who shift their focus to the next generation, which seeks to escape his clutches and forge new, often gleefully queer identities.
The final chapter concerns contemporary Black dramatists Suzan Lori-Parks, Jackie Sibblies Drury, and Jeremy O. Harris, whose plays move us from anxious masculinity to anxious whiteness and speak directly to the current moment.
Kendrick Lamar's To Pimp a Butterfly
Authors: Maner Sequoia 
Published: March 2022

Breaking the global record for streams in a single day, nearly 10 million people around the world tuned in to hear Kendrick Lamar’s sophomore album in the hours after its release. To Pimp a Butterfly was widely hailed as an instant classic, garnering plauditory albums reviews, many awards, and even a canonized place in Harvard’s W. E. B. Du Bois archive. Why did this strangely compelling and masterful record stimulate the emotions and imaginations of listeners?
This book takes a deep dive into the sounds, images, and lyrics of To Pimp a Butterfly to suggest that Kendrick appeals to the psyche of a nation in crisis and embraces the development of a radical political conscience. Kendrick breathes fresh life into the black musical protest tradition and cultivates a platform for loving resistance. Combining funk, jazz, and spoken word, To Pimp a Butterfly’s expansive sonic and lyrical geography brings a level of innovation to a field dominated by the predictability of trap music. More importantly, Kendrick’s introspective and philosophical songs compel us to believe in a future where we gon’ be alright!
Cinema Memories
Authors: Stokes Melvyn , Jones Matthew , Pett Emma 
Published: March 2022

Cinema Memories brings together and analyses the memories of almost a thousand people of going to the cinema in Britain during the 1960s. It offers a fresh perspective on the social, cultural and film history of what has come to be seen as an iconic decade, with the release of films such as A Taste of Honey, The Sound of Music, Darling, Blow-Up, Alfie, The Graduate, and Bonnie and Clyde.
Drawing on first-hand accounts, authors Melvyn Stokes, Matthew Jones and Emma Pett explore how cinema-goers constructed meanings from the films they watched - through a complex process of negotiation between the films concerned, their own social and cultural identities, and their awareness of changes in British society. Their analysis helps the reader see what light the cultural memory of 1960s cinema-going sheds on how the Sixties in Britain is remembered and interpreted.
Positioning their study within debates about memory, 1960s cinema, and the seemingly transformative nature of this decade of British history, the authors reflect on the methodologies deployed, the use of memories as historical sources, and the various ways in which cinema and cinema-going came to mean something to their audiences.
nueva fase en el proceso salvadoreño
Authors: Ellacuría Ignacio 
Published: March 2022

El artículo mantiene la tesis de que, a partir de 1989 se inicia una nueva fase en el proceso salvadoreño. La acumulación de hechos pasados, especialmente los de 1988, abren paso a una nueva fase, cualitativamente distinta, en la que la paz está más cerca que nunca, aunque todavía está lejos. El enfrentamiento violento y militarista del proyecto revolucionario y del proyecto contrarrevolucionario, que define el proceso en los setenta y en los ochenta, propende a ir cambiando mediante la reformulación moderadora de los proyectos y la posibilidad real de un modo distinto de enfrentamiento, en el que entran de lleno las elecciones y la negociación. Esta nueva fase se muestra en distintos agentes y procesos, examinados en el artículo, especialmente en la nueva posición del FMLN y, en menor medida, de ARENA. Como conclusión se proponen algunas medidas para entrar de lleno en esta nueva fase decisiva para el proceso salvadoreño y también para el centroamericano, con el cual se relaciona.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 44, No. 485, 1989: 167-197.
propuesta de FMLN: un desafío a la estrategia contrainsurgente
Authors: Harnecker Marta 
Published: March 2022

La entrevista gira alrededor de la propuesta del FMLN, en especial sobre el cambio dado por el FMLN en cuanto a las elecciones. La entrevista indaga las causas que han llevado al FMLN a pasar a la ofensiva en este terreno, las condiciones para enfrentar el reto electoral, las principales objeciones contra la propuesta hechas desde la derecha y la izquierda y los riesgos que tiene para el FMLN. También se discute el papel de las masas y su relación con el FMLN, el estado de ánimo de las tropas insurgentes ante la propuesta y el papel del FDR y de Convergencia Democrática.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 44, No. 485, 1989: 211-228.
PENGARUH MACAM JARAK TANAM JAJAR LEGOWO DAN DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK KOTORAN AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PADI
Authors: Amiroh Ana , Ilmi Nasrul , Kusumawati Dian Eka 
Published: March 2022

tion. One of the efforts to evercome the problem of rice dependence is by adjusting the spacing and giving thr right dose of organic fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of orgaic fertilizer dosage and spacing on rice growth and production. This research was conducted in Solokuro Villlage, Solokuro Sub-ditrict, Lamongan Regency in April-June 2021. This research was conducted using a factorial randomized block design method consisting of two factors, namely types of organic fertilizers and spacing. The observed parameters observed were plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, wet grain weight and 1000 seeds wheught. From the results of research that has been carried out on the treatment of doses of organic chicken fertilizer doses of spacing on the growth and production of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) it can be concluded that; There was an interaction with the observation of the number of tassels aged 75 day. There were significant differences in the single treatment of planting distance on the parameters of height observation of plants aged 21, 28, 35 and 42 hst, the number of tillers aged 14, 21 and 28 HST, and the number of tillers aged 42 HST and the number of panicles at the age of 68 and 82 HST, And there was no significant difference in the observation of plant height at 7 DAP, 14 DAP, the number of tillers at 7 DAP, the number of panicles at 61 DAP and 1000 seeds dry weight, wet grain weight and dry grain weight. And the best results were obtained in the treatment of 25 x 25 x 40 cm spacing and 10 tons/ha of chicken manure.