bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors in measuring lumbar spondylolisthesis with reference data from NHANES-II
Authors: Hipp John A. , Grieco Trevor F. , Newman Patrick , Patel Vikas V. , Reitman Charles A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough spondylolisthesis, disc height loss, and abnormal disc angles are commonly assessed for in clinical practice and research studies, the factors that influence measurements are incompletely understood, and reference data representing a very large and diverse population are not available. Over 7000 lumbar spine x-rays were collected as part of the 2nd National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-II). This nationwide probability sample may facilitate development of robust reference data to objectively classify spondylolisthesis, disc heights, or disc angles as normal vs abnormal. Analysis of lumbar spine x-rays may also help to document whether disc heights and disc angles must be considered when assessing for spondylolisthesis.MethodsAnatomic landmarks were obtained using neural networks and coded logic for L1 to S1 in the NHANES-II lumbar spine radiographs. Nine disc and sagittal plane offset (SPO) measurements were calculated from the landmarks. These data were trimmed to exclude abnormal discs and SPO. The factors that affect SPO were explored along with associations between the metrics and with age, sex, race, nation of origin and BMI. The prevalence of abnormalities was tabulated. Metrics were also calculated for previously analyzed lumbar flexion-extension x-rays to better understand the dependence of SPO on disc angles and disc heights. The errors that occur due to variability in radiographic projection were also assessed.ResultsSPO and disc metrics were obtained for 35,490 levels from 7,358 NHANES-II subjects who were 25 to 74 years old. Descriptive statistics for nine SPO and disc metrics were tabulated before and after trimming the data. Age, BMI, and sex were statistically significant but explained little of the variance in the metrics. SPO was significantly dependent on disc angle and height, though less so in the NHANES radiographs than in lumbar flexion-extension studies. Errors in the metrics due to out-of-plane imaging are generally small but can be large with extensive out-of-plane x-rays.DiscussionThe NHANES-II collection of lumbar x-rays allows for establishing reference data for SPO and disc metrics. These reference data allow for easily interpreted standardized reporting in units of std dev from average normal. SPO was significantly dependent on disc angle and disc height although the effect is small when there is limited flexion or extension. If SPO is being assessed from flexion or extension, a simple correction can be made. Caution is needed when interpreting measurements when the x-ray beam passes obliquely through the endplates or posterior wall (out-of-plane imaging).ConclusionsThe NHANES-II data may facilitate standardized assessments of SPO, disc heights and disc angles. Adjustments should be applied to SPO measurements if made from x-rays with the patient in flexed or extended positions.
The speed of vaccination rollout and the risk of pathogen adaptation
Authors: Gandon Sylvain , Lambert Amaury , Voinson Marina , Day Troy , Parsons Todd L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVaccination is expected to reduce disease prevalence and to halt the spread of epidemics. But pathogen adaptation may erode the efficacy of vaccination and challenge our ability to control disease spread. Here we examine the influence of the speed of vaccination rollout on the overall risk of pathogen adaptation to vaccination. We extend the framework of evolutionary epidemiology theory to account for the different steps leading to adaptation to vaccines: (1) introduction of a vaccine-escape variant by mutation from an endemic wild-type pathogen, (2) invasion of this vaccine-escape variant in spite of the risk of early extinction, (3) spread and, eventually, fixation of the vaccine-escape variant in the pathogen population. We show that the risk of pathogen adaptation is maximal for an intermediate speed of vaccination rollout. On the one hand, slower rollout decreases pathogen adaptation because selection is too weak to avoid early extinction of the new variant. On the other hand, faster rollout decreases pathogen adaptation because it reduces the influx of adaptive mutations. Hence, vaccinating faster is recommended to decrease both the number of cases and the likelihood of pathogen adaptation. We also show that pathogen adaptation is driven by its basic reproduction ratio, the efficacy of the vaccine and the effects of the vaccine-escape mutations on pathogen life-history traits. Accounting for the interplay between epidemiology, selection and genetic drift, our work clarifies the influence of vaccination policies on different steps of pathogen adaptation and allows us to anticipate the effects of public-health interventions on pathogen evolution.Significance statementPathogen adaptation to host immunity challenges the efficacy of vaccination against infectious diseases. Are there vaccination strategies that limit the emergence and the spread of vaccine-escape variants? Our theoretical model clarifies the interplay between the timing of vaccine escape mutation events and the transient epidemiological dynamics following the start of a vaccination campaign on pathogen adaptation. We show that the risk of adaptation is maximized for intermediate vaccination coverage but can be reduced by a combination of non pharmaceutical interventions and faster vaccination rollout.
A metabolic map of the DNA damage response identifies PRDX1 in nuclear ROS scavenging and aspartate synthesis
Authors: Moretton Amandine , Kourtis Savvas , Calabrò Chiara , Zapater Antoni Gañez , Fontaine Frédéric , Müller André C. , Loizou Joanna I. , Sdelci Sara 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile cellular metabolism impacts the DNA damage response, a systematic understanding of the metabolic requirements that are crucial for DNA damage repair has yet to be reported. Here, we investigate the metabolic enzymes and processes that are essential when cells are exposed to DNA damage. By integrating functional genomics with chromatin proteomics and metabolomics, we provide a detailed description of the interplay between cellular metabolism and the DNA damage response. Subsequent analysis identified Peroxiredoxin 1, PRDX1, as fundamental for DNA damage repair. During the DNA damage response, PRDX1 translocates to the nucleus where it is required to reduce DNA damage-induced nuclear reactive oxygen species. Moreover, PRDX1 regulates aspartate availability, which is required for the DNA damage-induced upregulation ofde novonucleotide synthesis. Loss of PRDX1 leads to an impairment in the clearance of DNA damage, accumulation of replicative stress and cell proliferation defects, thus revealing a crucial role for PRDX1 as a DNA damage surveillance factor.
The small cell lung cancer neuroendocrine transdifferentiation explorer
Authors: Cai Ling , Sondhi Varun , Zhu Mingrui , Akbay Esra , DeBerardinis Ralph J. , Xie Yang , Minna John D. , Xiao Guanghua , Gazdar Adi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSCLC is a high-grade neuroendocrine (NE) cancer that exhibits cellular plasticity. Transdifferention into non-NE cells creates considerable intra-tumoral heterogeneity, enhanced metastasis, greater tumor burden, and treatment resistance. Similar NE transdifferentiation has been observed in neuroblastoma (NBL). Targeting NE plasticity and cooperation between NE and non-NE cells in the tumor microenvironment may provide an avenue to enhance and restore sensitivity to available treatments. Although substantial transcriptomic changes take place upon NE transdifferentiation, conservation of these changes has not been investigated. In this study, we extensively curated genes associated with NE transdifferentiation in SCLC. We collected 35 datasets and compared the NE score-associated transcriptome across studies, for SCLC vs. NBL human tumors, human NBL tumors vs. cell lines, SCLC human tumors vs. tumors from genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), and SCLC GEMM uncultured cancer cells vs. cultured cancer cells. We have also created a user-friendly web application for researchers to explore these results. This work establishes a useful resource for researchers to understand the NE transdifferentiation landscape and explore context-dependent NE associations in SCLC and NBL.
Distribution and origins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis L4 in Southeast Asia
Authors: Ashton Philip M. , Cha Jaeyoon , Anscombe Catherine , Thuong Nguyen T.T. , Thwaites Guy E. , Walker Timothy M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMolecular and genomic studies have revealed that Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lineage 4 (L4, Euro-American lineage) emerged in Europe before becoming distributed around the globe by trade routes, colonial migration, and other historical connections. Although L4 accounts for tens or hundreds of thousands of TB cases in multiple Southeast Asian countries, phylogeographic studies have either focussed on a single country or just included Southeast Asia as part of a global analysis. Therefore, we interrogated public genomic data to investigate the historical patterns underlying the distribution of L4 in Southeast Asia and surrounding countries. We downloaded 6037 genomes associated with 23 published studies, focusing on global analyses of L4 and Asian studies of M. tuberculosis. We identified 2256 L4 genomes including 968 from Asia. We show that 81% of L4 in Thailand, 51% of L4 in Vietnam and 9% of L4 in Indonesia belong to sub-clades of L4 that are rarely seen outside East and Southeast Asia. These sub-clades have been transmitted between East and Southeast Asian countries, with no recent European ancestor. Although there is considerable uncertainty about the exact direction and order of intra-Asian transmissions, due to differing sampling frames between countries, our analysis suggests that China may be the intermediate between Europe and Southeast Asia for two of the three predominantly East and Southeast Asian L4 sub-lineages. This new perspective on L4 in Southeast Asia raises the possibility of investigating host population specific evolution and highlights the need for more structured sampling from Southeast Asian countries to provide more certainty of the historical and current routes of transmission.
Polarized localization of phosphatidylserine in endothelium regulates Kir2.1
Authors: Ruddiman Claire A. , Peckham Richard , Luse Melissa A. , Chen Yen-Lin , Kuppusamy Maniselvan , Corliss Bruce , Hall P. Jordan , Lin Chien-Jung , Peirce Shayn M , Sonkusare Swapnil K. , Mecham Robert P. , Wagenseil Jessica E. , Isakson Brant E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the resistance artery endothelium, we show phosphatidylserine (PS) localizes to a specific subpopulation of myoendothelial junctions (MEJs), signaling microdomains that regulate vasodilation. In silico data has implied PS may compete with PIP2 binding on Kir2.1, a channel involved in vasodilatory signaling. We found 83.33% of Kir2.1-MEJs also contained PS, possibly indicating an interaction where PS regulates Kir2.1. Electrophysiology experiments on HEK cells demonstrate PS blocks PIP2 activation of Kir2.1, and addition of exogenous PS blocks PIP2-mediated Kir2.1 vasodilation in resistance arteries. Using a mouse model lacking canonical MEJs in resistance arteries (Elnfl/fl/Cdh5-Cre), PS localization in endothelium was disrupted and PIP2 activation of Kir2.1 was significantly increased. Taken together, our data suggests PS enrichment to MEJs inhibits PIP2-mediated activation of Kir2.1 to tightly regulate changes in arterial diameter, and demonstrates the intracellular lipid localization within endothelium is an important determinant of vascular function.
Plasma FIB milling for the determination of structures in situ
Authors: Berger Casper , Dumoux Maud , Glen Thomas , Yee Neville B.-y. , Mitchels John M. , Patáková Zuzana , Naismith James H , Grange Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStructural biology inside cells and tissues requires methods able to thin vitrified specimens to electron transparent thicknesses. Until now, focused ions beams based on gallium have been used. However, ion implantation, changes to surface chemistry and an inability to access high currents limit Gallium as an ion beam source. Here, we show that plasma-coupled ion sources can produce cryogenic lamella of vitrified human cells in a robust and automated manner, with quality sufficient for pseudo-atomic structure determination. In addition, these lamellae were produced in a prototype microscope equipped for long cryogenic run times (>1 week) and with multi-specimen support fully compatible with modern-day transmission electron microscopes. We demonstrate for the first time that plasma ion sources can be used for structural biology within cells, determining a structure in-situ to 4.9 Å and describing a workflow upon which different plasmas can be examined to streamline lamella fabrication further.
Spatial structure may favor or disfavor microbial coexistence
Authors: Lobanov Alexander , Dyckman Samantha , Kurkjian Helen , Momeni Babak 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicrobes often exist in spatially structured environments and many of their interactions are mediated through diffusible metabolites. How does such a context affect microbial coexistence? To address this question, we used a model in which the spatial distributions of species and diffusible interaction mediators are explicitly included. We simulated the enrichment process, examining how microbial species spatially reorganize and how eventually a subset of them coexist. In our model we find that slower motility of cells promotes coexistence by allowing species to co-localize with their facilitators and avoid their inhibitors. We additionally find that a spatially structured environment is more influential when species mostly facilitate each other, rather than when they are mostly competing. More coexistence is observed when species produce many mediators and consume some (not many or few) mediators, and when overall consumption and production rates are balanced. Interestingly, coexistence appears to be disfavored at low diffusion constants of diffusible mediators, because they lead to weaker interaction strengths. Overall, our results offer new insights into how production, consumption, motility, and diffusion intersect to determine microbial coexistence in a spatially structured environment.
Key facilitators to continuous improvement: a Spanish insight
Authors: Sanchez-Ruiz Lidia , Gomez-Lopez Raquel , Blanco Rojo Beatriz 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to analyse the nature of the facilitators of continuous improvement (CI), proposing a classification of them and identifying the different profiles of companies based on them.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this objective, first, a literature review was done in order to identify the main facilitators; second, some of them were included in a survey based on experts' opinions; third, a survey was conducted amongst people responsible for implementing CI; and finally factorial and cluster analysis were applied.FindingsBased on the results, three main factors were identified: “cultural facilitators”, “tactical facilitators” and “human resources involvement facilitators”. Additionally, five clusters were defined.Practical implicationsAs many companies still struggle when implementing CI, the results of this study can help all them to focus on the most important aspects in order to guarantee the sustainability of the CI system.Originality/valueFrom a theoretical point of view, this work contributes to the CI field by analysing the nature of the main facilitators companies can find when implementing these initiatives. Thus, not only does this study provide a hierarchy of the most important facilitators, but also classifies them. As far as authors are concerned, this is the first attempt to categorise CI facilitators.
Lean on me when you’re not out: interactive effects of coworker support and concealment on transgender employees’ commitment and effort
Authors: Goldberg Caren , Willham Val 
Published: August 2022

PurposeBased on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model (Demerouti et al., 2001), the authors posited that concealment of one's transgender identity (a demand) would be negatively associated with work effort and commitment and that coworker support (a resource) would be positively related with those outcomes. In addition, the authors tested whether coworker support buffered the demand of maintaining secrecy as predicted by the JD-R model.Design/methodology/approachRelying on survey data from 89 transgender employees, the authors used Hayes' Process Model 1 to test the model.FindingsConcealment was significantly related to both organizational commitment and work effort, but coworker support had no direct effect on either outcome. However, coworker support interacted with concealment, such that there were significant coworker support effects among trans employees who were out to none or some of their coworkers, but no significant effect among those who were out to all of their coworkers.Originality/valueWhile prior studies have examined the importance of coworker support and outness, the authors add to the literature by examining the joint effect of these variables on transgender employees' work experiences. In addition, as prior research has been slow to examine behavioral work outcomes, the authors expand the criterion space by examining the simple and joint effects of outness and support on a previously ignored variable, work effort.
Effect of masculine eating and drinking beliefs on male consumers’ concern with healthy eating and binge drinking
Authors: Luna-Cortes Gonzalo , Aristizabal Cuellar José Alejandro 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of masculine eating/drinking beliefs on male consumers’ concern with unhealthy eating/drinking habits and, in turn, with binge drinking. Additionally, this research tests if and how a change in these beliefs influences binge drinking intention and intention to eat unhealthy food.

Design/methodology/approach
Three studies were conducted in Bogotá (Colombian males; convenience sampling). The purpose of Study 1 (N = 209) was to develop a scale to measure masculine eating/drinking beliefs. Study 2 (N = 191) tested the mediating role of concern with unhealthy eating/drinking habits in the relationship of masculine eating/drinking beliefs with binge drinking. Study 3 (N = 179) was an experimental study, which examined the effect of information about some negative consequences of masculine beliefs on the answers to the masculine eating/drinking beliefs inventory and, in turn, on binge drinking intention and intention to eat unhealthy food.

Findings
A one-dimensional (eight-items) scale was developed and validated. The results of this paper show that masculine eating/drinking beliefs are associated with lower concern with unhealthy eating/drinking and, in turn, with higher binge drinking. Information that influences these beliefs leads to lower binge drinking and unhealthy food ingestion intentions.

Research limitations/implications
This research presents the first scale that measures masculine eating/drinking beliefs. It provides initial evidence on how an intervention focused on the negative consequences of sexism can influence these beliefs, affecting binge drinking and overeating intentions.

Practical implications
This research provides new findings on a topic associated with several health problems in many countries, including the effect on consumers’ weight gaining and related illnesses.

Originality/value
This research presents the first scale that measures masculine eating/drinking beliefs. It provides initial evidence about factors (through mediating variables) that link masculine eating/drinking beliefs with some unhealthy eating/drinking habits. In addition, the results show how information about some negative consequences of these beliefs can influence consumers’ binge drinking and unhealthy food ingestion intentions, which leads to key recommendations for future interventions. As a result, this research provides new findings on a topic associated with several health problems in many countries, including the effect on consumers’ weight gaining and related illnesses.
Nutrition availability for those incarcerated in jail: Implications for mental health
Authors: Mommaerts Katherine , Lopez Nanette V. , Camplain Carolyn , Keene Chesleigh , Hale Ashley Marie , Camplain Ricky 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Using a seven-day cycle menu and commissary items at a rural county jail, this study aims to describe provisions of micronutrients known to be associated with mental health disorders and if they meet dietary guidelines.

Design/methodology/approach
The nutritional content of a seven-day cycle menu and four available commissary food packs were evaluated using NutritionCalc® Plus software (McGraw-Hill Education version 5.0.19) and compared to Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI).

Findings
Menu mean values of Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C and zinc met DRI recommendations. However, Vitamin D (for men and women), magnesium (for men only) and omega-3s (for men only) did not meet the DRI recommendations.

Originality/value
As deficits of Vitamin D, magnesium and omega-3s are known to exacerbate bipolar disorder, anxiety and depression, small changes to food would increase the offerings and potential intake of nutrients that may improve mental health.
Advertising value of vlogs on destination visit intention: the mediating role of place attachment among Pakistani tourists
Authors: Abbasi Amir Zaib , Schultz Carsten D. , Ting Ding Hooi , Ali Faizan , Hussain Khalil 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Drawing on Ducoffe’s advertising value model, this study aims to integrate additional constructs (credibility, fantasy and visual appeal) as important antecedents to the perceived advertising value of vlogs. The study also examines the mediating role of place attachment between perceived advertising value and intention to visit a destination.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 267 valid online questionnaires were collected among Pakistanis who (regularly, frequently, weekly or at least monthly) watch vlogs of tourist places on social networking sites and YouTube.

Findings
The empirical results using the partial least squares structural equation modeling approach show that informativeness, entertainment and credibility have significant positive effects, whereas irritation negatively impacts advertising value. The study also supports the positive effect of advertising value on visit intention and the mediating role of place attachment.

Originality/value
These findings reinforce a paradigm shift in advertising building on personal credibility, experiences and trustworthiness. This study contributes to the line of research that links promotional activities, destination image, tourists’ attitudes, visit intention and behavior.