bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of CARD (Comfort Ask Relax Distract) for COVID-19 community pharmacy vaccination in children: Effect on implementation outcomes
Authors: Taddio Anna , Morrison James , Gudzak Victoria , Logeman Charlotte , McMurtry C. Meghan , Bucci Lucie M. , Shea Christine , MacDonald Noni E. , Yang Molly 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Community pharmacists report that providing vaccinations can be challenging, particularly if the vaccine recipient is a child, because of heightened levels of fear. The objective of this study was to determine acceptability and feasibility of the CARD (Comfort Ask Relax Distract) system as a vaccination delivery framework for children receiving COVID-19 vaccinations in a community pharmacy setting. CARD incorporates evidence-based interventions that reduce fear and immunization stress-related responses in vaccine recipients and was demonstrated to be effective and feasible in other vaccination settings providing vaccinations to children and adults. Methods: This mixed-methods study involved 5 independent pharmacies (with 6 vaccinators) offering COVID-19 vaccinations to children between 5 and 11 years of age. Vaccinating staff and implementation leads from the pharmacy organization participated in a small-scale CARD implementation project (before-and-after design). Afterwards, they filled in quantitative surveys and provided qualitative feedback about their perceptions and experiences in focus group discussions. Qualitative data were analyzed deductively, using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Results: The study was conducted between January 16 and March 20, 2022. Across both quantitative and qualitative measures, vaccinating staff reported positive attitudes about CARD and alignment with their professional roles. They reported that CARD reduced children’s fear and improved the vaccination experiences in children and parents and for themselves. Vaccinators reported increased confidence due to CARD. They reported compatibility of CARD interventions within their practice and that it was time neutral. They maintained use of some interventions after the study. They also provided suggestions and shared concerns about fidelity and future feasibility of continuing various components of the program. Conclusion: CARD was demonstrated to be acceptable and feasible by vaccinators performing vaccinations in children in community pharmacies.
Surgical treatment options for articular cartilage defects of the glenohumeral joint: A systematic review
Authors: Dagher Danielle , Selznick Asher , Prada Carlos , Al Shehab Yasser , Leroux Timothy , Khan Moin 
Published: December 2022

Background Many joint-preserving surgical interventions for cartilage defects of the knee have been adapted for use in the shoulder; however, there still exists no clear consensus for treatment. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the outcomes of different interventions in patients with focal chondral lesions of the glenohumeral joint. Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Medline. Patients who underwent a joint-preserving surgical procedure to treat a focal chondral defect of the glenoid, humeral head or both were included. Patients treated for diffuse cartilage defects or with shoulder arthroplasty were excluded. Results Ten studies were included, with follow-up data available for 194 shoulders. Eight joint-preserving procedures were evaluated, with microfracture being the most common. One study evaluating microfracture reported significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes at short-term and long-term follow-up compared to preoperative scores. Across all studies, 32 patients underwent subsequent shoulder surgery, with 22 being arthroplasties. Conclusions We found improvements in patient-reported and functional outcomes across all studies. Although joint-preserving procedures have shown reasonable outcomes for focal chondral defects of the glenohumeral joint, long-term outcomes remain unknown, and the progression of osteoarthritis remains a concern. Higher quality evidence is required to make definitive recommendations. Level of Evidence IV
Retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness of teledentistry approach during COVID-19 in pediatric dentistry: A parental perspective
Authors: Abaklı İnci Merve , Korkut Emre , Koç Merve , Tüzüner Tamer 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveDentistry necessarily requires close face-to-face contact with patients, so it was largely halted during the COVID-19 pandemic. During this pandemic, teledentistry (TD) could be a novel way to resume dental practice. It was aimed to investigate the satisfaction of the parents who received teledentistry (TD) service in a pediatric dentistry clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other factors that may have contributed to this satisfaction.MethodsIt was conducted using a telephone survey to interview the parents who used the TD system between June and December 2020. The survey includes participant demographics, COVID-19 anxiety, TD system, reasons for using TD, and Internet use in the field of health. Five-point Likert scale was used. A Chi-squared test was used and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant.ResultsMost of the participants stated that they had no trouble connecting to the TD system (82.5%), and 119 participants reported that the system helped them to solve their health problems. Significant relationships ( p < 0.05) were found between overall satisfaction and parental job, level of education, anxiety level (3 questions), and use of the Internet in healthcare (4 questions), whereas no associations were found regarding the other variables ( p > 0.05).ConclusionsParents benefited greatly from the TD system and would be open to using it after the pandemic. The education and parental job categories of parents, anxiety level, and use of the Internet in healthcare seem to have relationships with overall satisfaction.
Behavior in fulfilling nutritional needs for Indonesian children with stunting: Related culture, family support, and mother’s knowledge
Authors: Wiliyanarti Pipit Festi , Wulandari Yuanita , Nasrullah Dede 
Published: December 2022

Background: Stunting in children has adverse consequences such as a decrease in cognition, language, and academic performance. Most of the children in Indonesia were diagnosed with stunting. The aim of this study was to measure factors affecting behavior in fulfilling nutritional needs among children under the age of 5 years with stunting. Design and method: This study used a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from mothers who had children under the age of 5 years (6–48 months) in Talang village, Pamekasan Regency, Madura using a self-report questionnaire. The total sample in this study was 120, selected using a random sampling technique. The independent variables were maternal characteristics, culture, family support, and mother’s knowledge, while the dependent variable was the behavior in fulfilling nutritional needs among children. We used a self-report questionnaire to measure variables. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors affecting the behavior of fulfilling nutrition interventions. We used a statistical significance p < 0.05. Results: Culture, family support, and knowledge were factors that affecting behavior of fulfilling nutritional needs among children under the age of 5 years with stunting, 0.279 (OR = 0.279, 95% CI: 0.084-0.920, p = 0.036); (OR = 2.435, 95% CI: 1.270-4.667, p = 0.007; OR = 4.860, 95% CI: 1.548-15.261, p = 0.724), respectively. Conclusion: Behavioral in Fulfilling nutritional needs determines the health status of children. Therefore, the awareness of parents, knowledge, and multisectoral is needed to prevent stunting among children.
COVID-19 and protection of vaccination in patients with systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Panopoulos Stylianos , Tzilas Vasilios , Bournia Vasiliki-Kalliopi , Karamanakos Anastasios , Laskari Katerina , Bouros Demosthenes , Tektonidou Maria , Sfikakis Petros P. 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: Data on COVID-19 in patients with interstitial lung disease are scarce and whether SARS-CoV-2 may trigger interstitial lung disease progression remains unknown. We aimed to analyze outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease, including possible thoracic radiographic progression. Patients and Methods: All 43 patients with systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease followed in our center (mean ± SD, 55.2 ± 11.6 years, 36 female) with confirmed SARS-CoV2 infection up to 1 September 2022 were analyzed. Individual interstitial lung disease extent on high resolution CT (HRCT) performed before (up to 3 months) and after COVID-19 (2–5 months) was compared. Results: At SARS-CoV-2 infection, 9/43 patients were unvaccinated, whereas 5, 26, and 3 had received 2, 3, or 4 doses of an mRNA vaccine, respectively. Thirty-one patients were either on monotherapy with immunosuppressives (mycophenolate, n = 7; cyclophosphamide, n = 2; methotrexate, n = 10; tocilizumab, n = 7; rituximab, n = 1; etanercept, n = 1), or their combinations ( n = 3). Eight patients (20%), of whom four unvaccinated, required hospitalization for pneumonia and three (7%) died of acute respiratory failure ( n = 2, both unvaccinated) or cardiac arrest. Lack of vaccination was the only independent predictor for hospitalization (OR = 7.98, 95% CI: 1.25–51.09) and marginally for death (OR = 32.7, 95% CI: 0.97–1110.98), regardless of the presence of diffuse systemic sclerosis, interstitial lung disease extent greater than 20% or immunosuppressive treatment. In 22 patients with available HRCT pairs (vaccinated = 20), the interstitial lung disease extent before COVID-19 (20.4%± 17.8%) remained unchanged (22.4% ± 18.5%) in all but one patient. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is of outmost importance for every systemic sclerosis patient with interstitial lung disease. COVID-19 does not seem to promote progression of systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease in vaccinated patients, but further studies are warranted.
Outcomes following posttransplant virus-specific T-cell therapy in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Kinoshita Hannah , Mandava Mamatha , Jensen-Wachspress Mariah , Lang Haili , Joy Elisabeth , Tanna Jay , McCann Chase D. , O’Brien Samuel , Burnett Sianna , Shibli Abeer , Hoq Fahmida , Bhatia Monica , Hanley Patrick J. , Dávila Saldaña Blachy , Mahadeo Kris M. , Bollard Catherine M. , Keller Michael D. , Abraham Allistair 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is being increasingly used as a curative approach for sickle cell disease (SCD). With the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), especially in the human leukocyte antigen−mismatched donors, intense immunosuppression is required leading to an increased risk of viral infection. Post-HSCT, adoptive transfer of virus-specific T-cell (VST) therapies have not been well-studied in patients with SCD. Here, we report the outcomes of patients with SCD at a single-center who received VSTs after transplant to prevent or treat viral infections. Thirteen patients who received HSCT from human leukocyte antigen-matched (n = 9) or -mismatched (n = 4) donors for SCD were treated with a total of 15 VST products for the treatment or prophylaxis of multiple viruses (cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, adenovirus, BK virus, human herpes virus 6 +/− human parainfluenza virus 3). Of the patients evaluated, 46.2% (n = 6)) received VSTs as treatment for viral infection. Eighty percent of patients with active viremia (n = 4/5) achieved remission of at least 1 target virus. Seven additional patients (53.8%) received VSTs prophylactically and 6 of 7 (85.7%) remained virus-free after infusion. No immediate infusion-related toxicities occurred, and severe de novo acute GVHD occurred in only 2 (15.4%) patients. Given the good safety profile, high-rate of clinical responses and sustained remissions when administered with standard antiviral treatments, the routine use of VSTs after HSCT as prophylaxis or treatment may improve the overall safety of transplant for patients with SCD.
Dual targeting of aberrant DNA and histone methylation synergistically suppresses tumor cell growth in ATL
Authors: Kurahashi Yuki , Watanabe Tatsuro , Yamamoto Yuta , Ureshino Hiroshi , Kamachi Kazuharu , Yoshida-Sakai Nao , Fukuda-Kurahashi Yuki , Yamashita Satoshi , Hattori Naoko , Nakamura Hideaki , Kawaguchi Atsushi , Ushijima Toshikazu , Sueoka Eisaburo , Kimura Shinya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a malignancy of mature CD4+ T cells caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)–induced T-cell transformation. After infection with HTLV-1, it takes several decades for HTLV-1 carriers to develop ATL. The prognosis of ATL remains poor despite several new agents being approved in the last few years. Recently, it has been noted that epigenetic abnormalities, both DNA methylation and trimethylation at histone H3Lys27 (H3K27me3), contribute to ATL leukemogenesis. Here, we investigated the effect of combination treatment with DNA demethylating agents (azacitidine [AZA], decitabine (DAC), and OR-2100 (OR21), which is a silylated derivative of DAC) and inhibitors of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) (EPZ-6438 and DS-3201b), which catalyze trimethylation of H3K27, in ATL. The combination of DAC and OR21 but not AZA with EZH inhibitors exhibited synergistic anti-ATL effects in vitro and in vivo, concomitant with DNA demethylation and reduction of H3K27me3. The combination induced gene expression reprogramming. Dual-specificity phosphatase 5 (DUSP5), an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)–specific phosphatase, was identified as a key molecule that mediated the inhibitory effect of combination treatment by inactivating the ERK signaling pathway. DUSP5 was downregulated by DNA methylation and H3K27me3 accumulation in the promoter region in HTLV-1–infected cells from patients with ATL during ATL leukemogenesis. The present results demonstrate that dual targeting of aberrant DNA and histone methylation synergistically suppresses tumor cell growth by restoring DUSP5, and that dual targeting of aberrant DNA and histone methylation is a feasible therapeutic approach for ATL.
Ceramide induces pyroptosis through TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway in HUVECs
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Zhang Yangyang , Shi Yining , Xiong Kai , Wang Fugui , Yang Jin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Pyroptosis of endothelial cells is a new cause of endothelial dysfunction in multiple diseases. Ceramide acts as a potential bioactive mediator of inflammation and increases vascular endothelial permeability in many diseases, whether it can aggravate vascular endothelial injury by inducing cell pyroptosis remains unknown. This study was established to explore the effects of C8-ceramide (C8-Cer) on human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its possible underlying mechanism.

Methods
HUVECs were exposed to various concentrations of C8-Cer for 12 h, 24 h, 48 h. The cell survival rate was measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay. Western blotting and Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the pyroptosis-releated protein and mRNA expressions, respectively. Caspase-1 activity assay was used to detect caspase-1 activity. Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide double staining and flow cytometry were adopted to measure positive staining of cells. Lactate dehydrogenase release assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were adopted to measure leakage of cellular contents. FITC method was used to detect the permeability of endothelial cells. ROS fluorescence intensity were detected by flow cytometry.

Results
The viability of HUVECs decreased gradually with the increase in ceramide concentration and time. Ceramide upregulated the expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), NLRP3, GSDMD, GSDMD-NT, caspase-1 and Casp1 p20 at the protein and mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner. It also enhanced the PI uptake in HUVECs and upregulated caspase-1 activity. Moreover, it promoted the release of lactate dehydrogenase, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-18. Meanwhile, we found that ceramide led to increased vascular permeability. The inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, MCC950, was able to disrupt the aforementioned positive loop, thus alleviating vascular endothelial cell damage. Interestingly, inhibition of TXNIP either chemically using verapamil or genetically using small interfering RNA (siRNA) can effectively inhibit ceramide-induced pyroptosis and improved cell permeability. In addition, ceramide stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The pretreatment of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), ROS scavenger, blocked the expression of pyroptosis markers induced by C8-cer in HUVECs.

Conclusion
The current study demonstrated that C8-Cer could aggravate vascular endothelial cell damage and increased cell permeability by inducing cell pyroptosis. The results documented that the ROS-dependent TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD signalling pathway plays an essential role in the ceramide-induced pyroptosis in HUVECs.
Home health care professionals’ experiences of working in integrated teams during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative thematic study
Authors: Emmesjö Lina , Hallgren Jenny , Gillsjö Catharina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Since COVID-19 emerged, over 514 million COVID-19 cases and 6 million COVID-19-related deaths have been reported worldwide. Older persons receiving home health care often have co-morbidities that require advanced medical care, and are at risk of becoming severely ill or dying from COVID-19. In Sweden, over 10,000 COVID-19-related deaths have been reported among persons receiving municipal home health and social care. Home health care professionals have been working with the patients most at risk if infected. Most research has focused on the experiences of professionals in hospitals and assistant nurses in a home care setting. It is therefore valuable to study the experiences of the registered nurses and physicians working in home health care during the COVID-19 pandemic to learn lessons to inform future work.

Method
A thematic qualitative study design using a semi-structured interview guide.

Results
The health care professionals experienced being forced into changed ways of working, which disrupted building and maintaining relationships with other health care professionals, and interrupted home health care. The health care professionals described being forced into digital and phone communication instead of in-person meetings, which negatively influenced the quality of care. The COVID-19 pandemic brought worry about illness for the health care professionals, including worrying about infecting patients, co-workers, and themselves, as well as worry about upholding the provision of health care because of increasing sick leave. The health care professionals felt powerless in the face of their patients’ declining health. They also faced worry and guilt from the patients’ next of kin.

Conclusion
Home health care professionals have faced the COVID-19 pandemic while working across organizational borders, caring for older patients who have been isolated during the pandemic and trying to prevent declining health and feelings of isolation. Due to the forced use of digital and phone communication instead of in-person visits, the home health care professionals experienced a reduction in the patients’ quality of care and difficulty maintaining good communication between the professions.
Clinical significance of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack in young adults
Authors: Liu Yanfang , Li Guangshuo , Jia Jiaokun , Liu Xinmin , Guo Jiahuan , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveFew studies evaluated the association between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke or transient ischemia attack (TIA) in young adults. We aimed to investigate the relationship of NLR with 90-day functional independence in ischemic stroke or TIA in young adults.MethodsWe retrospectively included patients aged 18–45 and diagnosed with ischemic stroke or TIA. Information including demographics, clinical and imaging characteristics, and the 90-day clinical outcome was collected. The primary outcome was excellent clinical outcome at 90 days, defined as mRS 0–1. Logistic regression analyses and a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve were used to investigate the association between NLR and 90-day clinical outcome.ResultsA total of 691 young patients with ischemic stroke or TIA were included in the final study. A higher level of NLR indicated poorer clinical outcome at 90 days (p for trend <0.001). The multivariable logistics regression suggested that NLR was an independent predictor of mRS 0–1 at 90 days (crude OR: 0.88, 95% CI 0.83–0.94,p < 0.001; adjusted OR of model 2: 0.87, 95% CI 0.84–0.94, p < 0.001; adjusted OR of model 3: 0.92, 95% CI 0.84–0.99,p = 0.04).ConclusionIn our study, a higher level of NLR was correlated with poorer functional outcomes at 90 days in ischemic stroke or TIA in young adults.
Cultural impediments to frank communication regarding end-of-life care between older nursing home residents and their family members in Taiwan: a qualitative study
Authors: Lee Hsin-Tzu Sophie , Yang Chia-Ling , Leu Sei-Ven , Hu Wen-Yu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
When older nursing home residents and their families are faced with end-of-life care decisions in Taiwan, they make them in the context of traditional cultural norms and socioeconomic changes. Both parties (residents and their family members) are often unwilling to broach the topic, leading to a decisional impasse. The aim of this study was to understand difficult-to-raise issues related to end-of-life care by investigating the perspectives of older nursing home residents and their family members.

Methods
This qualitative descriptive study was conducted using content analysis based on the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants, and sampling continued until data saturation. Data were collected using semi structured interviews, and related analyses were conducted using an inductive approach.

Results
Ten residents and twelve family members were interviewed individually. Six main themes were identified: (1) the inevitability of a goodbye; (2) a good death; (3) going with or against traditional culture; (4) better a good death than a bad life; (5) abiding by the residents’ decisions; and (6) being willing but unable to take care of residents.

Conclusion
Nursing home residents and their family members’ thoughts on end-of-life care shifted toward the concept of a good death, and they even regarded death as a form of liberation. Health care providers may serve as mediators to counsel a resident and their family members separately, enabling them to speak up and understand each other’s thoughts on end-of-life care before a decision is made so that neither party has regrets.