bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of biochar and polypropylene fibre on mechanical behaviour of cement‐solidified sludge
Authors: Lv Chao , Shen Zhengtao , Cheng Qing , Tang Chao‐Sheng , Wang Yue , Gu Kai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCement solidification is a conventional method in sludge treatment. In order to improve the efficiency and sustainability of this process, biochar and polypropylene fibre were utilized with cement in this study. Biochar (0%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15% and 20%, w/w) and fibre (0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4%, w/w) at different mass dosages were added to cement‐sludge system at two initial water contents (120% and 150%, w/w). A series of unconfined compression tests were carried out to investigate the effects of biochar and polypropylene fibre on the mechanical behaviour of cement‐solidified sludge. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyse the mechanism of biochar and polypropylene fibre in changing the mechanical properties of cement‐solidified sludge. Experimental results show that the addition of biochar can significantly promote cement hydration and reduce the water content of sludge after curing, thereby compacting the soil and increasing the unconfined compression strength (UCS) of the mixture. Moreover, when fibre contents increase from 0% to 0.4%, the UCS increases dramatically first and then decreases, peaking at 0.1%. The addition of fibre changes the brittle behaviour and improves the ductility of the samples, with residual strength significantly increased. The moisture regulation effect by biochar and the ‘bridge’ effect by fibre may be the key mechanisms to improve the mechanical properties of cement‐solidified sludge.
Isoniazid prophylaxis in liver transplant recipient with latent tuberculosis: Is it harmful for transplanted liver?
Authors: Ghayumi Seiyed Mohammad Ali , Shamsaeefar Alireza , Motazedian Nasrin , Mashhadiagha Amirali , Sayadi Mehrab , Nikeghbalian Saman , Malekhosseini Seyed Ali 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundLiver transplantation (LT) is considered the only treatment for patients with end‐stage liver disease and, despite its incredible impacts on the patients’ health status, places them in an immunocompromised state in which opportunistic infection would find a way to present. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is the most common form of TB and can be diagnosed through tuberculin skin test (TST) or Interferon‐Gamma Release Assays (IGRA). LT recipients are at significant risk of TB activation. There is no strict guideline to approaching these cases though, in most centers, Isoniazid (INH) would be prescribed prophylactically. INH is a hepatotoxic medication and can have adverse effects on the transplanted liver. There is no consensus on this issue; therefore, we aimed to survey the potential hepatotoxic effects of INH among LT recipients in Shiraz, Iran.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among LT candidates and recipients at Abu Ali Sina Organ Transplantation Center between 1993 and 2019. All the cases underwent TST and chest X‐ray to detect LTBI. All the LTBI were treated with INH from 6–9 months and followed by the level of liver enzymes for quick detection of hepatotoxicity. A control group was selected among LT recipients and matched for age, gender, MELD score, and donor age.ResultsAmong 4895 medical records reviewed, 55 (1.12%) cases had LTBI. Neither INH‐related hepatotoxicity, nor signs and symptoms that were suspicious to TB reactivation were reported. Overall, three deaths were reported, two because of myocardial infarction and one due to pneumonia. Ten patients (18.2%) experienced acute rejection as confirmed with pathology and responded to methylprednisolone. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was diminished from pre‐LT time to the first time after transplantation; after that, it showed a steady pattern. Meanwhile, Alanine transaminase (ALT) was constant before and one stage later and decreased after that. Statistical analyses only showed significant changes in the total bilirubin titer between the case and control groups.ConclusionThis survey showed prophylactic management of LTBI with INH in LT candidates and recipients was associated with no hepatotoxicity or related death. It seems that INH prophylaxis is safe in LT settings and can efficiently prevent TB activation; however, careful monitoring for adverse effects and liver enzymes elevation is highly recommended.
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Molecular mechanisms of PI4K regulation and their involvement in viral replication
Authors: McPhail Jacob A. , Burke John E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLipid phosphoinositides are master signaling molecules in eukaryotic cells and key markers of organelle identity. Because of these important roles, the kinases and phosphatases that generate phosphoinositides must be tightly regulated. Viruses can manipulate this regulation, with the Type III phosphatidylinositol 4‐kinases (PI4KA and PI4KB) being hijacked by many RNA viruses to mediate their intracellular replication through the formation of phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate (PI4P)‐enriched replication organelles (ROs). Different viruses have evolved unique approaches toward activating PI4K enzymes to form ROs, through both direct binding of PI4Ks and modulation of PI4K accessory proteins. This review will focus on PI4KA and PI4KB and discuss their roles in signaling, functions in membrane trafficking and manipulation by viruses. Our focus will be the molecular basis for how PI4KA and PI4KB are activated by both protein‐binding partners and post‐translational modifications, with an emphasis on understanding the different molecular mechanisms viruses have evolved to usurp PI4Ks. We will also discuss the chemical tools available to study the role of PI4Ks in viral infection.
What Do Museum Objects Want? Re‐Thinking Photographic Conventions In Ethnographic Museums
Authors: Young Diana J. B. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThis paper critiques the visual conventions applied to the photography of ethnographic museum collection objects. To “think photographically” in a museum collection, I draw a productive parallel between my fieldwork with Indigenous women artists in central Australia, and photography of poorly documented museum collection objects. I explore the presence of an intersubjective affective gaze in the central Australian Indigenous art works which is amplified through photography. This resistance inspired an experimental exhibition entailing photography of sculptural museum objects with faces. The exhibit's aim was to resocialize these objects into the present through photographs of them.
Enhancing the Vortex Whistle for Measures of Respiratory Capacity Via Computational Fluid Dynamics and Computational Aero-Acoustic Analysis
Authors: Li Ang , Awan Jordan A. , Chen Jun , Eddins David , Awan Shaheen N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A vortex whistle produces a fundamental frequency proportional to the inlet flowrate. Recent investigations using vortex whistles have focused on the use of this relationship to quantify aspects of respiratory function. Despite promising results, there is a lack of understanding of the physical mechanisms underlying vortex whistle function. This paper begins with a principled study of the aero-acoustic properties of the vortex whistle. First, a high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was developed to predict the unsteady flow field induced by the vortex whistle when the expiratory flow is applied. A computational aero-acoustic analysis (CAA) was applied to predict the acoustic response of the vortex whistle and to capture the frequency and level of the signature spectral peaks. The CFD is validated against prior experimental data on the vortex whistle. The CFD was used to: (a) determine the source of the vortex whistle harmonics and (b) investigate the effect of an outlet tube terminator, proposed by Awan and Awan (2020, “Use of a Vortex Whistle for Measures of Respiratory Capacity,” J. Voice). The CFD and CAA indicated that the harmonics are generated by the cylindrical cavity of the vortex whistle, and the outlet terminator increases harmonic signal-to-noise ratio by increasing the pressure fluctuation within the cylindrical cavity. These results support the addition of the outlet tube terminator and provide insight into future design modifications that will enhance the reliability of the vortex whistle analyses and enable additional measures of respiratory capacity.
Transfer Learning of Motor Difficulty Classification in Physical Human–Robot Interaction Using Electromyography
Authors: Manjunatha Hemanth , Jujjavarapu Sri Sadhan , Esfahani Ehsan T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Efficient human–robot collaboration during physical interaction requires estimating the human state for optimal role allocation and load sharing. Machine learning (ML) methods are gaining popularity for estimating the interaction parameters from physiological signals. However, due to individual differences, the ML models might not generalize well to new subjects. In this study, we present a convolution neural network (CNN) model to predict motor control difficulty using surface electromyography (sEMG) from human upper limb during physical human–robot interaction (pHRI) task and present a transfer learning approach to transfer a learned model to new subjects. Twenty-six individuals participated in a pHRI experiment where a subject guides the robot's end-effector with different levels of motor control difficulty. The motor control difficulty is varied by changing the damping parameter of the robot from low to high and constraining the motion to gross and fine movements. A CNN network with raw sEMG as input is used to classify the motor control difficulty. The CNN's transfer learning approach is compared against Riemann geometry-based Procrustes analysis (RPA). With very few labeled samples from new subjects, we demonstrate that the CNN-based transfer learning approach (avg. 69.77%) outperforms the RPA transfer learning (avg. 59.20%). Moreover, we observe that the subject's skill level in the pre-trained model has no significant effect on the transfer learning performance of the new users.
Supplemental Material: Ringwoodite and zirconia inclusions indicate downward travel of super-deep diamonds
Authors: Lorenzon Sofia , al. et 
Published: May 2022

<p>Detailed methods (large geometry secondary ion mass spectrometry, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared) and the mineral and fluid inclusions within the investigated diamond and inclusion, including five figures and one table. </p>
Impact of a thermal medium on newly observed $$Z_{cs}(3985)$$ resonance and its b-partner
Authors: Süngü J. Y. , Türkan A. , Sundu H. , Veli Veliev E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMotivated by the very recent discovery of the strange hidden-charm exotic state $$Z_{cs}(3985)$$

Z

cs

(
3985
)

by the BESIII Collaboration, we study the possible interpretation of this exotic state the both at $$T=0$$

T
=
0

and $$ T\ne 0 $$

T
≠
0

. We analytically compute the mass and meson-current coupling constant of this resonance with spin-parity $$ J^{P} = 1^+$$

J
P

=

1
+

at finite temperature approximation up to the sixth order of the thermal operator dimension including non-perturbative contributions. Extracting thermal mass and meson-current coupling constant sum rules, the modifications on properties of the $$Z_{cs}(3985)$$

Z

cs

(
3985
)

state in hot medium are determined. As a by-product, the hadronic parameters of the bottom partner of $$Z_{cs}(3985)$$

Z

cs

(
3985
)

is estimated as well. The search for temperature effects on the hadronic parameters of the hidden-charm meson $$Z_{cs}(3985)$$

Z

cs

(
3985
)

and the bottom partner enable us to understand the phase transitions, chiral symmetry breaking, and the properties of hot-dense matter in QCD. Moreover, the full width of the resonance $$Z_{cs}(3985)$$

Z

cs

(
3985
)

is calculated as $$(12.0\pm 0.8)~{\mathrm {MeV}}$$

(
12.0
±
0.8
)

MeV

using the strong decay in the tetraquark picture. Results for width and mass are in reasonable agreement with existing experimental data and results of other theoretical works. The information obtained about the parameters of the considered states is useful for experimental investigations of exotic mesons.
Application of Fermented Brewer’s Spent Grain Extract in Plant-Based Diets Improves Pre- and Post-mortem Oxidative Status of European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Authors: Fernandes H. , Castro C. , Filipe D. , Ferreira P. , Salgado J. M. , Moyano F. , Oliva-Teles A. , Belo I. , Peres H. 
Published: May 2022

In a previous study, it was shown that dietary supplementation with a carbohydrases and antioxidant-enriched extract (BSG-extract) produced by solid-state fermentation of brewer’s spent grain (BSG) improved nutrients digestibility, feed, and protein utilization of European seabass juveniles. This work aims to investigate the effect of this BSG-extract on liver and intestine oxidative status and muscle lipid peroxidation (LPO) of European seabass. A plant-based diet (55.4% plant feedstuffs; PF) was used as a control. Four test diets were formulated by supplementing the control diet with the BSG-extract (0.4 or 0.8% diet), added directly to the diet (BSG4 and BSG8 diets), or used to pre-treat the PF mixture of the control diet (PreBSG4 and PreBSG8 diets). European seabass juveniles (IBW

22
±
1

g) were fed the experimental diets for 66 days until apparent satiety. In fish fed BSG-extract diets, compared to the control diet, intestinal LPO was reduced up to 29-40% (

p
<
0.05

); GPX, GR, and G6PD activities were increased compared to the control (

p
<
0.05

). In the liver, LPO was similar among diets, but except for catalase and G6PD, fish fed BSG-extract diets had higher antioxidant enzyme activities than the control (

p
<
0.05

). Except for the liver SOD activity, hepatic and intestinal antioxidant capacity was not affected by the dietary BSG-extract incorporation mode (

p
>
0.05

). After 72 h of storage at 4°C, muscle LPO was higher than at time 0 h. Compared to the control, BSG-extract reduced muscle LPO levels up to 30% at time 0 h in fish fed diets BSG4, BSG8, and PreBSG8 (

p
<
0.008

). Results indicate that dietary supplementation with BSG-extract increased the antioxidant level of diets, improved the intestine antioxidant capacity, and decreased LPO in European seabass juveniles’ muscle.
Statins Are Associated with Improved Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yuan Mingjie , Han Shuyi , Jia Yanfei , Feng Jiankai , Liu Duanrui , Su Zhenguo , Liu Xiangdong 
Published: May 2022

Statins are associated with gastric cancer (GC) risk. The present study aimed to clarify the efficacy of statins on the overall survival (OS) benefits in patients with GC. Publications were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library as of April 2022. Data from the eligible cohort, case-control studies, and randomized control trials (RCTs) were extracted for the meta-analysis. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess the association between statins users and OS in GC patients. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the study design (prospective vs. retrospective). A total of 6 studies encompassing 5693 GC patients were included. Statins added to the standard treatment prolonged the patient’s OS outcome (HR (95% CI): 0.72 (0.53–0.97),

p

= 0.032; I2 = 88.0%, pheterogeneity < 0.001). A prospective study did not find any statistically significant difference in OS between statins users vs. nonstatin users (HR (95% CI): 0.92 (0.68–1.26),

p

= 0.614; I2 = 11.7%, pheterogeneity = 0.322), whereas the retrospective studies showed prolonged OS in statins users (HR (95% CI): 0.63 (0.42–0.961),

p

= 0.032; I2 = 94.6%, pheterogeneity < 0.001). Statin users had significantly improved OS compared to nonstatin users in GC treatment. This long-term survival benefit was only observed in the pooled analysis of retrospective studies but not in prospective studies.
Claudin-12 Deficiency Inhibits Tumor Growth by Impairing Transendothelial Migration of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
Authors: Cao Hong , Ni Chen , Han Le , Wang Ruoqi , Blasig Rosel , Haseloff Reiner , Qin Yue , Lan Jie , Lou Xiaohan , Ma Pan , Yao Xiaohan , Wang Linlin , Wang Fei , Zhu Linyu , Lei Ningjing , Blasig Ingolf E. , Qin Zhihai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Migration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) out of the circulation, across vascular walls, and into tumor is crucial for their immunosuppressive activity. A deeper understanding of critical junctional molecules and the regulatory mechanisms that mediate the extravasation of MDSCs could identify approaches to overcome cancer immunosuppression. In this study, we used mice deficient in tight junction protein Claudin-12 (Cldn12) compared with wild-type mice and found that loss of host Cldn12 inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors, reduced intratumoral accumulation of MDSCs, increased antitumor immune responses, and decreased tumor vascular density. Further studies revealed that Cldn12 expression on the cell surface of both MDSCs and endothelial cells (EC) is required for MDSCs transit across tumor vascular ECs. Importantly, expression of Cldn12 in MDSCs was modulated by GM-CSF in an AKT-dependent manner. Therefore, our results indicate that Cldn12 could serve as a promising target for restoring the antitumor response by interfering with MDSCs transendothelial migration.

Significance:
Claudin-12–mediated homotypic interactions are critical for migration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells across vascular walls into tumor tissue, providing a potential therapeutic approach to overcome cancer immunosuppression.
Thin-Cap Fibroatheroma Rather Than Any Lipid Plaques Increases the Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Patients: Insights From the COMBINE OCT–FFR Trial
Authors: Fabris Enrico , Berta Balasz , Roleder Tomasz , Hermanides Renicus S. , IJsselmuiden Alexander J.J. , Kauer Floris , Alfonso Fernando , von Birgelen Clemens , Escaned Javier , Camaro Cyril , Kennedy Mark W. , Pereira Bruno , Magro Michael , Nef Holger , Reith Sebastian , Roleder-Dylewska Magda , Gasior Pawel , Malinowski Krzysztof , De Luca Giuseppe , Garcia-Garcia Hector M. , Granada Juan F. , Wojakowski Wojciech , Kedhi Elvin 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Autopsy studies have established that thin-cap fibroatheromas (TCFAs) are the most frequent cause of fatal coronary events. In living patients, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has sufficient resolution to accurately differentiate TCFA from thick-cap fibroatheroma (ThCFA) and not lipid rich plaque (non-LRP). However, the impact of OCT-detected plaque phenotype of nonischemic lesions on future adverse events remains unknown. Therefore, we studied the natural history of OCT-detected TCFA, ThCFA, and non-LRP in patients enrolled in the prospective multicenter COMBINE FFR-OCT trial (Combined Optical Coherence Tomography Morphologic and Fractional Flow Reserve Hemodynamic Assessment of Non-Culprit Lesions to Better Predict Adverse Event Outcomes in Diabetes Mellitus Patients).

Methods:
In the COMBINE FFR-OCT trial, patients with diabetes and ≥1 lesion with a fractional flow reserve >0.80 underwent OCT evaluation and were clinically followed for 18 months. A composite primary end point of cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, target-lesion revascularization, and hospitalization for unstable angina was evaluated in relation to OCT-based plaque morphology.

Results:

A total of 390 patients (age 67.5±9 years; 63% male) with ≥1 nonischemic lesions underwent OCT evaluation: 284 (73%) had ≥1 LRP and 106 (27%) non-LRP lesions. Among LRP patients, 98 (34.5%) had ≥1 TCFA. The primary end point occurred in 7% of LRP patients compared with 1.9% of non-LRP patients (7.0% versus 1.9%; hazard ratio [HR], 3.9 [95% CI, 0.9–16.5];
P
=0.068; log rank-
P
=0.049). However, within LRP patients, TCFA patients had a much higher risk for primary end point compared with ThCFA (13.3% versus 3.8%; HR, 3.8 [95% CI, 1.5–9.5];
P
<0.01), and to non-LRP patients (13.3% versus 1.9%; HR, 7.7 [95% CI, 1.7–33.9];
P
<0.01), whereas ThCFA patients had risk similar to non-LRP patients (3.8% versus 1.9%; HR, 2.0 [95% CI, 0.42–9.7];
P
=0.38). Multivariable analyses identified TCFA as the strongest independent predictor of primary end point (HR, 6.79 [95% CI, 1.50–30.72];
P
=0.013).

Conclusions:
Among diabetes patients with fractional flow reserve-negative lesions, patients carrying TCFA lesions represent only one-third of LRP patients and are associated with a high risk of future events while patients carrying LRP-ThCFA and non-LRP lesions portend benign outcomes.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02989740.
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Buus Sine Mette Øgendahl , Schmitz Marie Louise , Cordsen Pia , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Andersen Grethe , Simonsen Claus Ziegler 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Reperfusion therapies (thrombolysis and thrombectomy) are of paramount importance for the recovery after ischemic stroke. We aimed to investigate if socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with the chance of receiving reperfusion therapy for ischemic stroke in a country with tax-funded health care.

Methods:
This nationwide register-based cohort study included patients with ischemic stroke registered in the Danish Stroke Registry between 2015 and 2018. SES was determined by prestroke educational attainment, income level, and employment status. Data on SES was obtained from Statistics Denmark and linked on an individual level with data from the Danish Stroke Registry. Risk ratios (RR) for receiving reperfusion therapies were calculated using univariate and multivariable Poisson regression with robust variance.

Results:
A total of 37 187 ischemic stroke patients were included. Low SES, as defined by education, income and employment status, was associated with lower treatment rates. The socioeconomic gradient was most pronounced according to employment status, with intravenous thrombolysis rates of 23.7% versus 15.8%, and thrombectomy rates of 5.1% versus 2.8% for employed versus unemployed patients. When the analyses were restricted to patients with timely hospital arrival, and adjusted for age, sex and immigrant status, low SES according to income and employment remained unfavorable for the likelihood of receiving intravenous thrombolysis: adjusted RR, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.86–0.95) for low versus high income, and adjusted RR, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71–0.84) for unemployed versus employed patients. Similarly, low SES according to income and employment status remained unfavorable for the likelihood of receiving thrombectomy: adjusted RR, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.72–0.95) for low versus high income and adjusted RR, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.53–0.88) for unemployed versus employed patients.

Conclusions:
Socioeconomic inequalities in reperfusion treatment rates among ischemic stroke patients prevail, even in a country with tax-funded universal health care.
End-to-end Argument Mining with Cross-corpora Multi-task Learning
Authors: Morio Gaku , Ozaki Hiroaki , Morishita Terufumi , Yanai Kohsuke 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mining an argument structure from text is an important step for tasks such as argument search and summarization. While studies on argument(ation) mining have proposed promising neural network models, they usually suffer from a shortage of training data. To address this issue, we expand the training data with various auxiliary argument mining corpora and propose an end-to-end cross-corpus training method called Multi-Task Argument Mining (MT-AM). To evaluate our approach, we conducted experiments for the main argument mining tasks on several well-established argument mining corpora. The results demonstrate that MT-AM generally outperformed the models trained on a single corpus. Also, the smaller the target corpus was, the better the MT-AM performed. Our extensive analyses suggest that the improvement of MT-AM depends on several factors of transferability among auxiliary and target corpora.