bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk scoring systems for predicting presence of colorectal neoplasia by fecal immunochemical test results in Chinese population
Authors: Wu Weimiao , Chen Xin , Fu Chen , Wong Martin CS , Bao Pingping , Huang Junjie , Gong Yangming , Xu Wanghong , Gu Kai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Adherence to colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is low in general populations, including those tested positive in fecal-immunochemical-test (FIT). Developing tailored risk-scoring systems by FIT results may allow for more accurate identification of individuals for colonoscopy.

Methods:
Among 807,109 participants who completed the primary tests in the first-round Shanghai CRC screening program, 71,023 attended recommended colonoscopy. Predictors for colorectal neoplasia were used to develop respective scoring systems for FIT-positive or negative populations utilizing logistic-regression (LR) and artificial-neural-network (ANN) methods.

Results:
Age, sex, area of residence, history of mucus or bloody stool, and CRC in first-degree relatives were identified as predictors for CRC in FIT-positive subjects, while history of chronic diarrhea and prior cancer were additionally included for FIT-negative subjects. With an area-under-the-receiver-operating-characteristic-curve (AUC) of more than 0.800 in predicting CRC, the LR-based systems outperformed the ANN-based ones, and had a sensitivity of 68.9%, a specificity of 82.6%, and a detection-rate of 0.24% by identifying 17.6% subjects at high-risk. We also reported an AUC of about 0.660 for the systems predicting CRC and adenoma, with a sensitivity of 57.8%, a specificity of 64.6%, and a detection-rate of 6.87% through classifying 38.1% subjects as high-risk individuals. The performance of the scoring systems for CRC was superior to the currently-used method in Mainland China, and comparable to the scoring systems incorporating FIT results.

Discussion:
The tailored risk-scoring systems may better identify high-risk individuals of colorectal neoplasia and facilitate colonoscopy follow-up. External validation is warranted for widespread use of the scoring systems.
Study on the functionalization of activated carbon and the effect of binder toward capacitive deionization application
Authors: Thi Thom Nguyen , Thi Kieu Anh Vo , Thi Thu Trang Nguyen , Thu Phuong Nguyen , Thi Mai Thanh Dinh , Dang Le Hai , Lam Tran Dai , Thi Nam Pham 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a high-performance and low-cost technology for desalination. Normally, the CDI electrodes are fabricated using a slurry of activated carbon (AC) with a polymeric binder. In this study, AC from coconut shell charcoal was modified in 7% HNO3 solution, which is emphasized by the formation of functional groups on its surface after modification. The isoelectric point (pHIEP) of modified AC is found at 3.02, which confirmed the formation of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups on the surface. The effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymeric binders on characteristics as well as the specific capacitance of the CDI electrodes are investigated. The hydrophilic binder of PVA-based with mesh structure has proven to be promising for salt adsorption ability with the specific capacitance of 47.78 F·g−1, which is higher than that of PVDF binder (17.96 F‧g−1). The composite electrode based on mAC, Gt, and PVA-GA binder has a salt adsorption capacity of 8.9 mg·g−1 and good cyclic stability (retained 94%) after 50 adsorption–desorption cycles at an applied voltage of 1.2 V.
Nurses’ and nurse educators’ experiences of a Pediatric Nursing Continuing Professional Development program in Rwanda
Authors: Olson Amy K. , Babenko-Mould Yolanda , Tryphonopoulos Panagiota D. , Mukamana Donatilla , Cechetto David F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
In 2016, a Pediatric Nursing Continuing Professional Development (PNCPD) program was created and implemented in Kigali, Rwanda, through the Training, Support, and Access Model (TSAM) for Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (MNCH). This partnership project between Canada and Rwanda provided pediatric nursing education to forty-one Rwandan nurses and nurse educators in 2018 and 2019. The objective of this research study was to explore the experiences of nurses and nurse educators applying pediatric knowledge and skills to academic and clinical settings after participating in the PNCPD program.

Methods
This study was situated within an interpretive descriptive perspective to explore the ways in which knowledge gained during the PNCPD program in Rwanda was applied by nurses and nurse educators in their nursing practice, both academically and clinically. Data was collected through individual interviews. Inductive content analysis was used for data analysis.

Results
The analysis of the interviews resulted in the emergence of five themes: Transformations in Pediatric Nursing Practice, Knowledge Sharing, Relationship-Based Nursing, Barriers and Facilitators to Knowledge Implementation, and Scaling-up PNCPD within the Health System.

Conclusions
The results of this study have the potential to inform positive changes to child health care in Rwanda, including scaling up pediatric nursing education to other areas of the healthcare system.
Impaired disassembly of the axon initial segment restricts mitochondrial entry into damaged axons
Authors: Kiryu‐Seo Sumiko , Matsushita Reika , Tashiro Yoshitaka , Yoshimura Takeshi , Iguchi Yohei , Katsuno Masahisa , Takahashi Ryosuke , Kiyama Hiroshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe proteasome is essential for cellular responses to various physiological stressors. However, how proteasome function impacts the stress resilience of regenerative damaged motor neurons remains unclear. Here, we develop a unique mouse model using a regulatory element of the activating transcription factor (Atf3) gene to label mitochondria in a damage‐induced manner while simultaneously genetically disrupting the proteasome. Using this model, we observed that in injury‐induced proteasome‐deficient mouse motor neurons, the increase of mitochondrial influx from soma into axons is inhibited because neurons fail to disassemble ankyrin G, an organizer of the axon initial segment (AIS), in a proteasome‐dependent manner. Further, these motor neurons exhibit amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)‐like degeneration despite having regenerative potential. Selectively vulnerable motor neurons in SOD1G93A ALS mice, which induce ATF3 in response to pathological damage, also fail to disrupt the AIS, limiting the number of axonal mitochondria at a pre‐symptomatic stage. Thus, damage‐induced proteasome‐sensitive AIS disassembly could be a critical post‐translational response for damaged motor neurons to temporarily transit to an immature state and meet energy demands for axon regeneration or preservation.
Unquantifiably low aldosterone concentrations are prevalent in hospitalised COVID-19 patients but may not be revealed by chemiluminescent immunoassay
Authors: Wiegand Martin , Halsall David J , Cowan Sarah L , Taylor Kevin , Goudie Robert J B , Preller Jacobus , Gurnell Mark 
Published: August 2022

Objective
Previous studies have reported conflicting findings regarding aldosterone levels in patients hospitalised with COVID-19. We therefore used the gold-standard technique of liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LCMSMS) to address this uncertainty.

Design
All patients admitted to Cambridge University Hospitals with COVID-19 between 10 March 2020 and 13 May 2021, and in whom a stored blood sample was available for analysis, were eligible for inclusion.

Methods
Aldosterone was measured by LCMSMS and by immunoassay; cortisol and renin were determined by immunoassay.

Results
Using LCMSMS, aldosterone was below the limit of detection (<70 pmol/L) in 74 (58.7%) patients. Importantly, this finding was discordant with results obtained using a commonly employed clinical immunoassay (Diasorin LIAISON®), which over-estimated aldosterone compared to the LCMSMS assay (intercept 14.1 (95% CI −34.4 to 54.1) + slope 3.16 (95% CI 2.09–4.15) pmol/L). The magnitude of this discrepancy did not clearly correlate with markers of kidney or liver function. Solvent extraction prior to immunoassay improved the agreement between methods (intercept −14.9 (95% CI −31.9 to −4.3) and slope 1.0 (95% CI 0.89–1.02) pmol/L) suggesting the presence of a water-soluble metabolite causing interference in the direct immunoassay. We also replicated a previous finding that blood cortisol concentrations were often increased, with increased mortality in the group with serum cortisol levels > 744 nmol/L (P = 0.005).

Conclusion
When measured by LCMSMS, aldosterone was found to be profoundly low in a significant proportion of patients with COVID-19 at the time of hospital admission. This has likely not been detected previously due to high levels of interference with immunoassays in patients with COVID-19, and this merits further prospective investigation.
Efficacy and safety of oral alpha-lipoic acid supplementation for type 2 diabetes management: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Jibril Aliyu Tijani , Jayedi Ahmad , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: August 2022

Objective
To examine the dose-dependent influence of oral alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Design
We followed the instructions outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Handbook to conduct our systematic review. The protocol of the study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021260587).

Method
We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to May 2021 for trials of oral ALA supplementation in adults with T2D. The primary outcomes were HbA1c, weight loss, and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). Secondary outcomes included fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), C-reactive protein (CRP), and blood pressure. We conducted a random-effects dose–response meta-analysis to calculate the mean difference (MD) and 95% CI for each 500 mg/day oral ALA supplementation. We performed a nonlinear dose–response meta-analysis using a restricted cubic spline.

Results
We included 16 trials with 1035 patients. Each 500 mg/day increase in oral ALA supplementation significantly reduced HbA1c, body weight, CRP, FPG, and TG. Dose–response meta-analyses indicated a linear decrement in body weight at ALA supplementation of more than 600 mg/day (MD600 mg/day: −0.30 kg, 95% CI: −0.04, −0.57). A relatively J-shaped effect was seen for HbA1c (MD: −0.32%, 95% CI: −0.45, −0.18). Levels of FPG and LDL-C decreased up to 600 mg/day ALA intake. The point estimates were below minimal clinically important difference thresholds for all outcomes.

Conclusion
Despite significant improvements, the effects of oral ALA supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with T2D were not clinically important.
Perfil epidemiológico da leishmaniose tegumentar americana na Região Amazônica, Brasil, entre 2010 e 2019
Authors: Ferreira Fábio da Costa , Ferreira Natália Rodrigues 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) no município de Altamira, Pará, no período de 2009 a 2019. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa, utilizando dados secundários de casos confirmados LTA, ocorridos entre os anos de 2010-2019 registrados no Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e disponibilizados no site do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS).Resultados: foram notificados 1.177 casos de LTA no município de Altamira entre 2010 e 2019, com média de 117,7 casos notificados e incidência média de 107,66 casos para cada 100 mil habitantes. Predomínio do sexo masculino (83,3%), idade entre 20-39 anos (51,8%) e autodeclarado pardo (71,7%). Quanto à forma, a cutânea foi a mais registrada, com 96% dos casos, e em 97% destes evoluíram para a cura. Conclusões: a LTA apresentou alta incidência em Altamira no período analisado, assim se caracterizando como um problema de saúde pública. Acometendo, sobretudo, o sexo masculino, pardos e a faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos, estando, dessa forma, intrinsecamente relacionada às atividades laborais dessa população, além do desequilíbrio ambiental relacionado a desmatamento na zona rural. Sugere-se a existência de transmissão peri e intradomiciliar relacionada ao acometimento de crianças e idosos. A distribuição espacial dos casos não foi homogênea, possuindo maior concentração em áreas centrais do município de altamira. É importante ressaltar que a incidência tem uma forma não linear, que não se deve ao aumento gradual do número de casos, mas ao aumento da população.
Green versatile micellar electrokinetic chromatographic method for determination of six antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs in combined dosage forms
Authors: Elmansi Heba , El-Awady Mohamed I. , Barghash Sona , El-Razeq Sawsan Abd , Belal Fathalla 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA fast reliable micellar electrokinetic methodology was investigated for the concurrent quantitation of six antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs, namely, ciprofloxacin, dexamethasone, metronidazole, ornidazole, spiramycin and tinidazole. The method has the merits of rapidity, precision, and sensitivity. The separation was carried out in less than 7 min by applying a basic background electrolyte consisting of 25 mM disodium tetraborate buffer, pH 9 containing 50 mM SDS at 25 kV using photodiode array detector at 230 and 315 nm. The internal standard used during analysis was cromolyn sodium and validation was carried out following ICH guidelines. The proposed method showed linear response over the range from 0.5 to 10.0 μg mL−1 reaching limits of detection and limits of quantitation in the ranges of 0.09–0.2 μg mL−1 and 0. 27–0.6 respectively. The method's greenness was estimated using the GAPI tool where excellent greenness was concluded. Co-formulated or single-ingredient commercial preparations were investigated and the results were statistically evaluated.
Who feels affected by “out of control” sexual behavior? Prevalence and correlates of indicators for ICD-11 Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder in the German Health and Sexuality Survey (GeSiD)
Authors: Briken Peer , Wiessner Christian , Štulhofer Aleksander , Klein Verena , Fuß Johannes , Reed Geoffrey M. , Dekker Arne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background and aims
The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of indicators consistent with Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD)—defined and operationalized according to the ICD-11 guidelines—in a large (n = 4,633; 50.5% male; 49,5% female) probability-based German national sample.

Methods
Participants were asked if they had ever experienced “intense and recurring sexual impulses or sexual urges that I had difficulty controlling and resulted in sexual behavior” over a period of several months. Those who reported this experience were queried about the associated distress.

Results
Overall, 4.9% of men [95% CI = 3.9–6.1] and 3.0% of women [95% CI = 2.3–3.9] reported experiences consistent with ICD-11 diagnostic requirements for lifetime diagnosis. In the 12 months preceding the study, 3.2% of men [95% CI = 2.4–4.2] and 1.8% of women [95% CI = 1.2–2.5] reported experiences consistent with CSBD requirements. Compared to controls and participants who reported elements of compulsive sexuality but without accompanying distress, strict religious upbringing was most prevalent in the CSBD group. The CSBD group was more likely to view sexual practices like men having sex with men as unacceptable and to report the belief that pornography has negative impacts on their sex life and life in general. Compared to the other two groups, the CSBD group was significantly more likely to have received psychiatric treatment for depression or another mental health problem during the past 12 months.

Discussion and conclusions
The current study provides novel and important insights into the prevalence and characteristics of CSBD in the general population.
Ite ad Thomam! Vigencia del pensamiento de Santo Tomás de Aquino en el magisterio pontificio moderno: de León XIII a Francisco
Authors: García-Alandete Joaquín 
Published: August 2022

ResumenEn este trabajo se analizan varios documentos del magisterio pontificio desde León XIII a Francisco, que evidencian la importancia, necesidad y vigencia del pensamiento de Santo Tomás de Aquino. Más allá de prejuicios que los consideran reliquias “preconciliares” y lejos de haber sido superados, el método, la doctrina y los principios del Doctor Angélico son presentados por el magisterio pontificio moderno como guía segura en el conocimiento de la realidad, tanto natural como sobrenatural.Palabras clave: Magisterio pontificio; Santo Tomás de Aquino; vigencia. AbstractIn this work, several documents of the pontifical magisterium from Leo XIII to Franciscus, that evidence the importance, necessity, and validity of Saint Thomas Aquinas’ thought, are analyzed. The Angelic Doctor’s method, doctrine, and principles are presented by the pontifical magisterium as a sure guide in the knowledge of reality, both natural and supernatural, beyond prejudices that consider them pre-conciliar relics and far from having been overcome.Keywords: Pontifical magisterium; Saint Thomas Aquinas; validityDoi: https://doi.org/10.17398/2340-4256.16.641Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0769-4060
Contemporary Publications in Europe on the Spanish Earthquake of 1884
Authors: Udías Agustín , Buforn Elisa , Mattesini Maurizio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
After the occurrence of the mainshock on the 25 December 1884, a considerable number of reports on the damage caused by the catastrophic Andalusian earthquake were published mainly during the following year (1885) in several European journals, as well as in bulletins of scientific societies and books. A few of them were anonymous notes, whereas others were signed by most important geologists and seismologists from different European countries. Special cases are the publications from the members of the three commissions that were specifically appointed to study this Andalusian earthquake. In this article, we present detailed information about the publications that appeared mainly during the following year (1885) of the occurrence of this earthquake. The prompt study of the Andalusian earthquake provided an opportunity for the scientific community at that time to present and disseminate new modern ideas about the nature of earthquakes and their relationship with the geodynamic processes and geology of the region.
Analysis of Output and Employment of Trade and Finance in India: A Case of Disproportional Rise in Output than Employment for Service Sector
Authors: Prakash Dipak 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the study: The study aims to analyse why the service sector in India has not generated employment in the proportion of output when the sector has geared up its share in national income since 1980.
Methodology: It's based on a simple comparative empirical analysis of data on output and employment of trade and finance in India. Quantitative analysis of output is based on data collected from National Accounts Statistics (NAS). The analysis used data from the base year 2004-05 and back series. On the 2004-05 back series, data is available till the year 2011-12. Therefore, to explain long periods, 1950 to 2012, we used 2004-05 data. However, for the latest analysis of output along with employment, we prefer to use the 2011-12 series GDP data of KLEMS India (published by RBI).
Employment data is collected primarily from two sources- NSS and KLEMS India. Principal status and subsidiary status (PS+SS) are used for analysis.
Main Findings: Trade being a labour-intensive sector has shown proportionate employment generation between 1980 to 2004. After 2004, the story changed. Despite the same pace of growth, employment generation is proportionately lower. The reason is the growing rise in the capital intensity of trade. In the case of finance, capital-intensive is just the opposite of trade- the rise in output is greater in the period, 1980 to 2004 than the concomitant rise in employment. 2004 onwards, rise in employment is greater. The reason is no significant rise in capital intensity in the sector.
Applications of the study:In macroeconomics, output and employment believed to go hand in hand. However, services defy the dictum- higher rise in GDP share but no corresponding rise in employment share. It helps understand ‘jobless growth’ of Indian economy after reforms of 1991.
Novelty/Originality of the study: Trade being labour-intensive has changed its nature after 2004, the sector’s capital intensity has grown faster than finance. Further, finance is capital-intensive sector but no significant rise in capital intensity.
Effect of Parity, Lactation Length and Season of Calving on Milk Production in Nili Ravi Buffaloes Maintained at Livestock Farm, GADVASU, Ludhiana
Authors: Shende T.C. , Kaur S. , Mukhopadhyay C.S. , Malhotra P. , Kashyap N. 
Published: August 2022

Background: Nili Ravi buffalo breed is one of the best milk-producing buffalo breeds with excellent potential for milk production. In the present investigation, we studied the effect of non-genetic factors on milk production traits in Nili Ravi buffalo. Methods: In the present study, we analyzed the factors affecting milk production traits in 279 standardized lactation records in Nili Ravi buffaloes maintained at the Directorate of Livestock Farm, GADVASU, Ludhiana, from 2009 to 2020. The effect of lactation length (LL), parity and season of calving (SOC) on milk production were analyzed using GLM (General Linear Model) IBM SPSS Statistics 26 version software. Result: The overall 305 days corrected milk yield of Nili Ravi buffalo was 2247.09±26.51 kg with an average lactation length of 274.72±62.78 days. The effect of SOC and parity number was found to be significant (P≤0.05) on the 305 days of corrected milk yield, whereas the effect of lactation length was found significant on lactation milk yield (P≤0.01). It is concluded that the lactation length, parity and calving season significantly affect the milk production trait in Nili Ravi buffalo.