bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyponatremia after neuroendoscopic skull base tumor surgery: Clinical characteristics and nursing management
Authors: Yang Yanjun , Lv Chunmei , Zhang Jing , Zhao Yuanli 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe current study was conducted to explore the clinical characteristics of hyponatremia after neuroendoscopic skull base tumor resection, and to summarize the nursing experience and provide insight for nursing management.MethodsIn total, we enrolled 181 patients who underwent neuroendoscopic resection of skull base tumors in the Department of Neurosurgery of our hospital from 2016 to 2021. The patients' general data and parameters, including blood sodium level, polyuria, and other symptoms in different periods after surgery, were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsForty-four patients developed hyponatremia after Surgery. The total incidence of hyponatremia was 24.30%, including 38 cases of mild hyponatremia and 6 cases of moderate and severe hyponatremia. Most cases of moderate and severe hyponatremia occurred 6 days after surgery. The incidence of hyponatremia varied in different pathological types and periods in patients undergoing skull base tumors. After standardized sodium supplementation, water restriction, and urine volume control, hyponatremia was corrected in all patients, and no osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) and nursing-related events occurred.ConclusionSecondary hyponatremia after neuroendoscopic resection of skull base tumors can occur in various time periods after surgery. Early monitoring of manifestations and standardized intervention are thus necessary for clinical nursing practice to timely correct hyponatremia and avoid demyelination.
Lettuce Contamination and Survival of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes in Hydroponic Nutrient Film Technique Systems
Authors: Ilic Sanja , Moodispaw Margaret R. , Madden Lawrence V. , Lewis Ivey Melanie L. 
Published: November 2022

Hydroponic vegetable production is increasing globally, but there is a lack of science-based recommendations to ensure their food safety. Specifically, there is limited evidence for establishing water management strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine the survival of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes in commercial nutrient flow technology (NFT) systems during the lifecycle of lettuce exposed to sporadic or extreme contamination. NFT systems were inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium or Listeria monocytogenes, and nutrient solution, rockwool, roots, and lettuce leaves were collected over the lettuce production cycle for pathogen enumeration and detection. Both human pathogens persisted in the lettuce NFT growing system throughout the growth cycle of lettuce. Salmonella Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes accumulated in rockwool medium and on lettuce roots and were transferred to the leaves at quantifiable levels from the contaminated nutrient solution. In the nutrient solution, Salmonella concentration under sporadic and extreme conditions declined significantly 24 h after inoculation and again 7 days post-inoculation (p < 0.0001). Under extreme conditions, the concentration did not change significantly after 7 days, while under sporadic conditions, the concentration declined again 14 days post-inoculation in the nutrient solution collected from the reservoirs. L. monocytogenes populations in the nutrient solution fluctuated significantly over the 28-day growth cycle (p < 0.0001). Under extreme conditions, L. monocytogenes concentrations in the nutrient solution declined, while under sporadic conditions, the populations increased. The findings of this study, for the first time, describe human pathogen survival in commerical NFT systems and highlight the urgent need for novel approaches to mitigating the risks from nutrient solution contaminaiton in hydroponics.
Direct Evidence of Metal Type Printing in The Song of Enlightenment, Korea, 1239
Authors: Yoo Woo Sik 
Published: November 2022

Since the 1920s, nearly six identical versions of an ancient printed book, The Song of Enlightenment with Commentaries by Buddhist Monk Nammyeong Cheon (南明泉和尙頌證道歌), have been found in Korea. Until very recently, they were believed to be woodblock-printed versions from the 13th to 16th centuries using woodblocks carved from the sheets of a metal-type-printed version from 1239. Two of the six versions were once identified to be woodblock prints in the Goryeo dynasty in the 13th century and designated as Korean treasures in 1984 and 2012. In 2021, one woodblock-printed version printed during the Joseon dynasty in 1526, was designated as a treasure of the Metropolitan city of Seoul, Korea. Historians in Korea have been in heated debate over the printing techniques (metal type print for one version or all woodblock prints) and printing dates (or sequence) of the two versions designated as Korean treasures for the last 50 years. It was almost a never-ending debate with struggles and anger among Korean historians due to the very subjective nature of the examination method and decision-making process by consensus. The heated debates in Korea were never brought to the world’s attention, outside of Korea, and are still considered to be a taboo subject in Korea. To conclude this heated debate with direct evidence of metal type printing of the particular version of interests, all six versions were examined by image comparisons and quantitative analyses of inked areas of individual characters, lines of characters, pages and borderlines. All claims against the possibility of metal type printing of the particular version were reviewed thoroughly. Very clear circumstantial and physical evidence for metal type printing of the version designated as a Korean treasure in 2012 was found. The version carries more than metal casting defects and has the smallest inked area (characters with thin strokes) among all six versions. The version of interest was very likely printed using movable metal type in September 1239, as indicated in the imprint, and is definitely the world’s oldest extant book, printed using metal type in Korea in 1239, predating Jikji (1377) by 138 years and the 42-line Gutenberg Bible (1455) by 216 years.
In Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticoccidial, and Anti-Inflammatory Study of Essential Oils of Oregano, Thyme, and Sage from Epirus, Greece
Authors: Sidiropoulou Erasmia , Marugán-Hernández Virginia , Skoufos Ioannis , Giannenas Ilias , Bonos Eleftherios , Aguiar-Martins Kensilandia , Lazari Diamanto , Papagrigoriou Theodora , Fotou Konstantina , Grigoriadou Katerina , Blake Damer P. , Tzora Athina 
Published: November 2022

Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Thymus vulgaris, and Salvia fructicosa are aromatic plants commonly found in Mediterranean countries and are traditionally used in Greece as a remedy for humans, since they are well known as potent antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents. Essential oils (EOs) derived from plants cultivated in the mountainous region of Epirus, Greece, were investigated for their inhibitory activity against key microorganisms with relevance to avian health, while also assessing their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the EOs was estimated according to the Folin–Ciocalteu method, while the antioxidant capacity was tested through the EOs’ ability to scavenge free radicals by means of the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects were examined by the agar disc diffusion method and the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition test, respectively. Furthermore, the EOs’ ability to inhibit the invasion of sporozoites of Eimeria tenella (Wisconsin strain) along with any toxic effects were assayed in Madin–Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. The antioxidant activity of the EOs was observed in descending order: oregano > thyme > sage. The antimicrobial effects of thyme and oregano were equivalent and higher than that of sage, while the anti-inflammatory effect of thyme was higher compared to both sage and oregano. The intracellular invasion of sporozoites was evaluated by the detection of E. tenella DNA by qPCR from cell monolayers harvested at 2 and 24 h post-infection. Parasite invasion was inhibited by the addition of oregano essential oil at the concentration of 100 μg/mL by 83% or 93% after 2 or 24 h, respectively, and was higher compared to the addition of thyme and sage, which had similar effects, but at a less intensive level. The cytotoxic assessment of all three essential oils revealed that they had no effect on MDBK cells compared to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), used as the control substance. The supplementation of oregano, thyme, and sage essential oils had a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticoccidial in vitro effect that is comparable to synthetic substances or approved drugs, justifying the need for further evaluation by in vivo studies in broilers reared in the absence of antimicrobial and anticoccidial drugs or synthetic antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory compounds.
Genetic Behavior of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Germplasm Governing Heavy Metal Tolerance and Yield Traits under Wastewater Irrigation
Authors: Raja Shameem , Farhat Fozia , Tariq Arneeb , Malik Zaffar , Aziz Rana Badar , Kamran Muhamamd , Elsharkawy Mohsen Mohamed , Ali Asif , Al-Hashimi Abdulrahman , Elshikh Mohamed S. 
Published: November 2022

Wastewater irrigation is a substitute for surface water scarcity, but traces of heavy metals (HMs) result in deleterious implications for soil, crop productivity, and in humans. Crops presenting HMs tolerance in genetic behavior are important for producing tolerant genotypes cultivated under wastewater irrigation. In the first part of this experiment, the results obtained previously are re-assessed in a hydroponic system and similar patterns and concentrations of HMs are found in different tomato organs. Following this trial, the tomato’s (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genetic basis of traits conferring HMs tolerance and yield are assessed when irrigated with waste or canal water. The North Carolina Mating II analysis illustrate the amount of gene action, nature, and inheritance pattern. Genetic components depict the involvement of non-additive, additive, and maternal genetic effects in HMs tolerance inheritance and yield. A noticeable increase in cumulative additive variance for the number of flowers (11,907.2) and the number of fruits (10,557.9) is recorded for tomato plants irrigated with wastewater, illustrating additive gene action. However, female and male (MSf/MSm) square ratios also show an association with cytoplasmic inheritance. For HMs tolerance, both additive and dominant variances appeared to be significant; cumulative dominance variance (4.83, 16.1, 4.69, 76.95, and 249.37) is higher compared to additive variance (0.18, 2.36, 0.19, −0.27, and 14.14) for nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), respectively, indicating dominance gene action. The genotype RIOGRANDI accumulated and translocated fewer HMs to the aerial part of the plant compared to CLN-2418A and PB-017906, thus presenting a tolerant tomato genotype according to the hydroponic experiment. This also exhibited a differential pattern of gene action for HMs tolerance, suggesting that genotypes possess significant differences for HMs tolerance.
A novel blood based triage test for colorectal cancer in primary care: a pilot study
Authors: Jenkins Cerys , Woods Freya , Chandler Susan , Carter Kym , Jenkins Rhys , Cunningham Andrew , Nelson Kayleigh , Still Rachel , Walters Jenna A , Gwynn Non , Chea Wilson , Harford Rachel , O'Neill Claire , Hepburn Julie , Hill Ian , Wilkes Heather , Fegan Greg , Dunstan Peter , Harris Dean A 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe majority of colorectal cancers (CRCs) are detected after symptomatic presentation to primary care. Given the shared symptoms of CRC and benign disorders, it is challenging to manage the risk of missed diagnosis. Colonoscopy resources cannot keep pace with increasing demand. There is a pressing need for access to simple triage tools in primary care to help prioritise patients for referral.AimTo evaluate the performance of a novel spectroscopy-based CRC blood test in primary care.Design & settingMixed-methods pilot study of test performance and GP focus group discussions in South Wales.MethodPatients on the urgent suspected cancer (USC) pathway were recruited for the Raman spectroscopy (RS) test coupled to machine learning classification (‘Raman-CRC’) to identify CRC within the referred population. Qualitative focus group work evaluated the acceptability of the test in primary care by thematic analysis of focus group theorising.ResultsA total of 532 patients aged ≥50 years referred on the USC pathway were recruited from 27 GP practices. Twenty-nine patients (5.0%) were diagnosed with CRC. Raman-CRC identified CRC with sensitivity 95.7%, specificity 69.3% with area under curve (AUC) of 0.80 compared with colonoscopy as the reference test (248 patients). Stage I and II cancers were detected with 78.6% sensitivity. Focus group themes underlined the convenience of a blood test for the patient and the test’s value as a risk assessment tool in primary care.ConclusionThe findings support this novel, non-invasive, blood-based method to prioritise those patients most likely to have CRC. Raman-CRC may accelerate access to diagnosis with potential to improve cancer outcomes.
THE CONCEPT OF "KOZAK" AS A MARKER OF NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE WORKS OF B. ANTONENKO-DAVYDOVYCH
Authors: Bilobrovska K. 
Published: November 2022

The article highlights the peculiarities of actualizing the concept of "kozak" in the works of B. Antonenko-Davydovych. The creative heritage of the artist focuses on the personal experience of the writer, who had a great influence on the formation of his self-consciousness as Ukrainian with deep roots in the days of the kozak period. B. Antonenko-Davydovych’s kozak centrizm was formed on the basis of legends and traditions of senior members of his family. Kozak centrizm as self-awareness of a descendant of Ukrainian nation was definitive since childhood and was preserved throughout the writer’s life. Self-awareness as a descendant of the kozak family, as well as the culture of kozaks, which became part of Ukrainian people, encourages B. Antonenko-Davydovych to actualize this theme in his works, so the concept of "kozak" is presented in all periods of the writer’s work, in particular, in the memories "Pro samoho sebe" ("On Myself"), in the novel "Nashchadky pradidiv" ("Descendants of Great-Grandfathers"), in the stories "Pechatka" ("The Seal"), "Babyni kazky" ("Nana’s Tales"), "Kryzhani merezhky" ("Icy Nets"), "Slovo materi" ("Mother’s Word"), "Shuraburia" ("Storm"), some author’s poems and other.
It was found that the fundamental principles of B. Antonenko-Davydovych’s worldview are the awareness of the kozaks as an organic part of Ukrainian state, a conscious understanding of the strong connection of generations with history, language, traditions, customs and others. The kozak period in the artistic interpretation by B. Antonenko-Davydovych has entered the minds of Ukrainian people as an ever-lasting symbol of their desire for statehood for Ukraine, independence, defense of the native language, native land, people, awareness of the greatness of the kozak soldier in forming the national idea, active life position, patriotic citizenship et c.
The concept of "kozak" in B. Antonenko-Davydovych’s works is represented as a marker of national identity of the writer, formed by social consolidation and concentrates a strong inner stability and motivation, unshakable spiritual life, strong faith. This concept is presented in the writer’s works as self-awareness of belonging to the descendants of the kozak family, as the formation of a life position, as Ukrainian authenticity.
Perbedaan Pengetahuan Kontrol Plak Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin Mahasiswa Profesi Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
Authors: Supriatna Andi , Anindyta Shanaya A. , Himawati Marlin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Dental and oral diseases especially problems related to dental plaque are still commonly found in Indonesia. Therefore, plaque control is an effective way to treat and prevent these diseases. This study aimed to obtain the difference in knowledge regarding plaque control based on sex (male and female) among students of the dentistry profession of Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani. This was an analytical and observational study with a cross sectional design. Samples were chosen using consecutive sampling technique. A non-specialized design of unpaired numerical categorical analysis was used in this study. The google form was used as instrument. Data were analysed using the unpaired T-test. The results showed that there were 116 dentistry profession students as respondents consisting of 32 males (27.6%) and 84 females (72.4%). Based on sex, the knowledge regarding plaque control showed that the average in male respondents was 21.50±7.030 and in female respondents was 22.82±5.928 (a p-value of 0.311). In conclusion, there is no difference in the knowledge of plaque control among male and female students of the dentistry profession of Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani.Keywords: sex; knowledge of plaque control Abstrak Penyakit gigi dan mulut masih sering dikeluhkan oleh masyarakat Indonesia, salah satunya ialah plak gigi. Kontrol plak merupakan cara efektif mengobati dan mencegah penyakit lainnya pada rongga mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan mahasiswa profesi kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani mengenai kontrol plak gigi berdasarkan jenis kelamin (laki-laki dan perempuan). Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang, dan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan non-specialized design of unpaired numerical categorical analysis. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan google form. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji T-tidak berpasangan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 116 mahasiswa profesi kedokteran gigi sebagai responden, terdiri dari 32 laki-laki (27,6%) dan 84 perempuan (72,4%). Perbandingan pengetahuan responden yaitu rerata pada laki-laki sebesar 21,50±7,030 dan pada perempuan sebesar 22,82±5,928 dengan nilai p=0,311. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan kontrol plak antara kedua jenis kelamin pada mahasiswa profesi kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani.Kata kunci: jenis kelamin; pengetahuan mengenai control plak
DETERMINAN TAX AVOIDANCE : CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI PEMODERASI
Authors: Wicaksono Ridho , Septemberizal  , Herianti Eva 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Kepemilikan Institusi dan Leverage terhadap Agresivitas Pajak dengan corporate governance sebagai pemoderasi. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020 melalui purposive sampling dan diperoleh 15 perusahaan dengan 60 pengamatan. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi data panel dengan menggunakan software Eviews 9.0 dengan melakukan beberapa tahap pengujian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) berpengaruh terhadap Agresivitas Pajak, Kepemilikan Institusi tidak berpengaruh terhadap Agresivitas Pajak, dan Leverage berpengaruh terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Corporate governance berhasil memoderasi pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dan Leverage terhadap Agresivitas Pajak, sementara corporate governance tidak berhasil memoderasi pengaruh Kepemilikan Institusi terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Dan secara simultan variabel Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Kepemilikan Institusi dan Leverage berpengaruh terhadap Agresivitas Pajak.
ELEKTRONIESE POS AS REKENAARBEMIDDELDE KOMMUNIKASIE
Authors: Naudé Annelie , Groenewald H.J. 
Published: November 2022

Electronic mail as computer mediated communication: new research possibilities in Communication Science. Electronic mail refers to the transfer of one·way electronic messages from one person via an intennediate electronic communication system to one or more identrtied receivers pn many cases via computer linked networks such as Internet.] Electronic mail is one form of computer-mediated communication. It has become one of the most powerful and useful ways of sending and processing information in the era of the Information Super Highway. Electronic mail is not interpersonal communication because of it 's aSinchronic nature but there area number of similarities between these modes of communication. Furthennore is the demassification nature of the new medium not comparable to traditional mass communication systems. Users of electronic mail does not regard themselves as part of a faceless mass of people being bombarded with numerous messages because they exercise some control over messages received. Electronic mail will have a profound influence on interpersonal as well as mass communication In future. Information on a large variety of matters will be available to selected receivers on request and this phenomenon will decrease the dependency of some people of the mass media. Control over the free flow of information is a thorny ethical issue in the light of the current availability of pornographic material via Internet. Computer mediated communication seems to open new posibilities in fhe fields of education and development and Communication Science researchers should take note of these opportunities to reach disadvantaged people. Research in the field of computer mediated communication has just started in South Africa and require the attention of social and natural scientists alike to ensure that the country will not be reduced to the status of a hitch hiker on the Information Super Highway. This article examines the state of the art in electronic mail research from a communication science perspective and theoretical explanantions that could be used to study this "new medium".
Diseño, construcción y evaluación de un filtro intermitente de arena pómez
Authors: López López José Ramón 
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo recoge la caracterización y eficiencia de un filtro intermitente, empleando como medio filtrante arena pómez. El modelo es un tratamiento secundario el cual se diseñó, construyo y evaluó, el sistema está ubicado en la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales “Ing. Arturo Pazos Sosa”. La unidad de tratamiento es una alternativa para comunidades de escasos recursos económicos, alcanzando una remoción promedio de materia orgánica, DBO5 de 82.62%, demanda química de oxígeno, DQO de 84.32%, fósforo total de 35.44%, nitrógeno total de 24.66% y sólidos suspendidos de 36.89%, cumpliendo con los parámetros establecidos en el Acuerdo Gubernativo 236-2006 en su etapa dos.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Afluente, Agua residual, Demanda bioquímica de oxígeno, Demanda química de oxígeno, Efluente, Fósforo total, Medio filtrante, Nitrógeno total, Sólidos suspendidos.
La escucha del consumidor centennial a través de la experiencia sensorial
Authors: Gotor Cuairán Marta , Sutil Martín Dolores Lucía , Sacristán Navarro María Asunción 
Published: November 2022

This study, as suggested by the EEES, arises as a response to the need to strengthen the university´s link with the business world, using professional simulators based on experiential learning, which unifies methodologies and develops the skills that are required in real business scenarios in the area of Marketing and Advertising. Through laboratory dynamics, the students learned and applied consumer and preference research techniques in the field of sensory marketing, with an immersion connected between the university classroom and the business Atelier in the Spanish dermo-cosmetic sector.