bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2,2‐Bistrifluoromethyl‐4,5‐difluoro‐1,3‐dioxole‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene copolymers with different compositions: Synthesis, chain and condensed matter structures and optical properties
Authors: Yu Dayang , Mao Guoliang , Wang Wenshuo , Cai Huaixun , Wang Shuhua , Pan Pengju , Bao Yongzhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSynthesis of 2,2‐bistrifluoromethyl‐4,5‐difluoro‐1,3‐dioxole‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene (PDD‐TFE) copolymers with precise chemical structures and understanding effects of the structures on properties are essential for their application. Herein, PDD‐TFE copolymers with different average compositions and narrow composition distributions (NCDs) were synthesized and applied to study the influences of chemical structures on condensed matter structures and optical properties of copolymers. The average length of (PTFE)n sequences were decreased from 7.62 to 1.63, and percentage of TFE in long (PTFE)n sequences (n > 5) decreased from approximately 50% to less than 1%, as PDD molar fraction in the copolymer (FPDD) increased from 13.24% to 52.22%. Consequently, the copolymer with FPDD = 13.24% was semi‐crystalline with a crystallinity degree of 11.57% (determined by WAXD), while the copolymer with FPDD = 52.22% was completely amorphous. The steric energies, glass transition temperatures and transparency of PDD‐TFE copolymers were increased as more cyclic and non‐coplanar structure PDD monomer was incorporated into the copolymers. Refractive indexes of PDD‐TFE copolymers were low and linearly decreased with the increase of FPDD. PDD‐TFE copolymers with high transparencies, low refractive indexes and other excellent properties can be successfully used in the optical fibers and semiconductor fields.
Improving the hydrophobicity/oleophobicity of polyethylene terephthalate fibrous materials using electron beam‐induced graft polymerization with 2‐(perfluorohexyl)ethyl acrylate monomer and alkyl acrylate monomer
Authors: Shohbuke Eriko , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Okubayashi Satoko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBetter hydrophobic/oleophobic properties and durability were added to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics using graft polymerization induced by pre‐ and simultaneous electron beam (EB) irradiation. 2‐(Perfluorohexyl) ethyl acrylate (FEA), butyl acrylate (BA(C4)), dodecyl acrylate (DA(C12)), and stearyl acrylate (SA(C18)) with different alkyl chain lengths were used as vinyl monomers that can react with the radicals generated by EB irradiation. For the pre‐irradiation method, the changes in weight gain were negligible. While irradiating the monomer solution and the PET fabric simultaneously, a weight gain of approximately 3%–5% was observed. Contact angle measurements confirmed, hydrophobicity/oleophobicity in the PET fabric graft polymerized with FEA and SA(C18) monomers using the simultaneous irradiation method. The addition of the alkyl acrylate monomer increased the dodecane contact angle in the order of FEA < FEA/BA(C4) < FEA/DA(C12) < FEA/SA(C18). XPS analysis showed that the surface fluorine concentrations of PET fabrics with FEA and FEA/SA(C18) monomers were 18.3% and 38.9%, respectively. The contact angle and surface fluorine concentration after rubbing decreased, but the change was small when SA(C18) monomer was added to the FEA monomer. These results indicate that the hydrophobic/oleophobic properties and durability can be improved by EB graft polymerization in combination with FEA and SA(C18) monomers.
The social unconscious: Then and now
Authors: Dajani Karim G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis is a brief introductory paper about the history and centrality of the social unconscious in psychoanalytic theory and practice. The term―Social Unconscious―was introduced into our literature more than 100 years ago by the first formally trained American psychoanalyst―Trigant Burrow. It opens new pathways for understanding the social and collective dimensions of the unconscious, allowing us to extend our reach with our patients and our relevance with fellow citizens. Despite its potential, the social unconscious and the theories that undergird it were denigrated by Freud. In the early 1930’s, Freud instructed the American Psychoanalytic Association to remove Trigant Burrow from its membership and to excise this scholarship from its curricula. Coordinated attempts to suppress these ideas harmed the field’s development and retarded its relevance. Understanding the social dimensions of the unconscious is necessary because the unconscious is largely structured by social, cultural and collective coordinates. Fortunately, the turn into the 21st century is seeing a proliferation in analytic scholarship regarding the centrality of the socio‐cultural in structuring the unconscious of individuals and groups. New terms are being introduced such as vinculo, normative unconscious, interpellation, semiotic code, and ego‐habitus that aim to elaborate the various ways culture, ideology, large‐groups, and geopolitical processes shape the unconscious. Their potential to deepen our contact with patients across the spectrum of human difference is immense. I suggest using the capacious term―social unconscious―as a core conceptual category that organizes this vein of expanding analytic scholarship.
Expression profiles of an inactive aspartic protease (Bla g 2 allergen) in different tissues and developmental stages of the German cockroach (Blattella germanica)
Authors: Rodriques Aaron R. , Myers Aaron J. , Scharf Michael E. , Aryal Uma K. , Bennett Gary W. , Gondhalekar Ameya D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTergal glands are found in many insect species and contain constituents such as pheromones, sugars, proteins, and so forth. Preliminary studies have revealed that tergal gland secretions in the German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.) contain the human allergen Bla g 2 (B. germanica allergen 2), an inactive aspartic protease. Although Bla g 2 protein expression has been detected previously in various German cockroach body parts, including male tergal glands, studies that link protein expression in various life stages and tissues with mRNA and protein abundance have not been conducted. Therefore, the goal of this study was to measure the relative abundances of Bla g 2 protein and mRNA in different tissues and life stages of B. germanica using immunoblotting, quantitative PCR, and liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS)‐based quantitative profiling. We found that Bla g 2 protein was detected in every sampled tissue, including the male tergal glands. Protein abundance was relatively high in adult males and their tergal glands in comparison to nymphs and virgin females. Similarly, Bla g 2 mRNA transcript levels were also comparatively higher in male tergal glands and adult males. In conclusion, this study provides new information on the relative abundance and distribution of Bla g 2 allergen, a medically significant protein, in different tissues and developmental stages of the German cockroach and lays the foundation for future studies that aim to determine the function of this protein in B. germanica development.
Early predictors of language skills at 3 years of age vary based on diagnostic outcome: A baby siblings research consortium study
Authors: Pecukonis Meredith , Young Gregory S. , Brian Jessica , Charman Tony , Chawarska Katarzyna , Elsabbagh Mayada , Iverson Jana M. , Jeste Shafali , Landa Rebecca , Messinger Daniel S. , Schwichtenberg A. J. , Webb Sara Jane , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Tager‐Flusberg Helen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile previous work has identified the early predictors of language skills in infants at elevated familial risk (ER) and low familial risk (LR) for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), no studies to date have explored whether these predictors vary based on diagnostic outcome of ASD or no ASD. The present study used a large, multisite dataset to examine associations between a set of commonly studied predictor variables (infant gesture abilities, fine motor skills, nonverbal cognition, and maternal education level), measured at 12 months, and language skills, measured at 3 years, across three diagnostic outcome groups–infants with ASD (“ASD”), ER infants without ASD (“ER‐no ASD”), and LR infants without ASD (“LR‐no ASD”). Findings revealed that the predictors of language skills differed across groups, as gesture abilities were positively associated with language skills in the ER‐no ASD group but negatively associated with language skills in the ASD group. Furthermore, maternal education level was positively associated with language skills in the ASD and LR‐no ASD groups only. Variability in these early predictors may help explain why language skills are heterogeneous across the autism spectrum, and, with further study, may help clinicians identify those in need of additional and/or specialized intervention services that support language development.Lay SummaryThe present study identified predictors of language skills in infants with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Maternal education level and 12‐month gesture abilities predicted 3‐year language skills in infants with ASD. Measuring these predictors early in life may help identify infants and families in need of additional and/or specialized intervention services that support language development.
coLLab – Low‐Tech trifft Innovation bei einer Aufstockung und Sanierung mit einer OPV‐Fassade
Authors: Stave Jonas Lucius , Cremers Jan , Herb Svenja , Claus Luisa , Gronau Annabell , Bleicher Volkmar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIm Rahmen des SDE 21/22 entwickelt das interdisziplinäre Team „coLLab” der Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart (HFT) ein ganzheitliches und übertragbares Konzept für die Aufstockung und Sanierung eines Bestandsgebäudes auf dem Campus der Hochschule in der Stadtmitte von Stuttgart. Dabei handelt es sich um einen für die Nachkriegszeit typischen Stahlbeton‐Skelettbau mit Verwaltungsnutzung aus den 1950er Jahren. Im Sinne hoher Übertragbarkeit und einer möglichst günstigen Gesamt‐Ökobilanz kommt eine leichte Holzkonstruktion zum Einsatz. Für den Wettbewerbsbeitrag werden außerdem Low‐Tech Konzepte mit innovativen Technologien und Methoden kombiniert. Dies wird insbesondere an der Fassade des Entwurfs durch den Einsatz von organischen Photovoltaikzellen (OPV) und einem Solarkamin sichtbar, auf deren Integration und Funktionsweise in diesem Bericht eingegangen wird.
Green innovation and SO2 emissions: Dynamic threshold effect of human capital
Authors: Luo Yusen , Wang Qinglin , Long Xingle , Yan Zheming , Salman Muhammad , Wu Chao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGreen innovation is an effective path to decrease environmental pollutions. It is of immense interest to evaluate the roles of green innovation on SO2 emissions reduction. We also investigate the static and dynamic threshold effect of human capital in the impacting paths of different innovations on SO2 emissions. The empirical results show that the design patent increases SO2 emissions while the development of utility patent can decrease SO2 emissions based on the static analysis and dynamic analysis. Both the “pollution halo” and the “pollution heaven” hypotheses of foreign direct investment (FDI) are validated in China. Moreover, green innovation positively affects SO2 emission reduction based on the System Generalized Method of Moment (SYS‐GMM) estimation. Both static and dynamic panel threshold regression results reveal that the positive effects of different innovations will become larger when human capital exceeds the corresponding threshold values. Hence, it is important to enhance green human capital.
Stabilized multifunctional phase change materials based on carbonized Cu‐coated melamine foam/reduced graphene oxide framework for multiple energy conversion and storage
Authors: Hu Zhicong , Zou Yongjin , Xiang Cuili , Sun Lixian , Xu Fen , Jiang Menghe , Yu Sensen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe leakage of organic phase change materials (OPCMs) at temperatures above their melting point severely limits their large‐scale application. The introduction of porous supports has been identified as an efficient leakage‐proofing method. In this study, a novel carbonized Cu‐coated melamine foam (MF)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) framework (MF/rGO/Cu‐C) is constructed as a support for fabricating stabilized multifunctional OPCMs. MF serves as the supporting material, while rGO and Cu act as functional reinforcements. As a thermal energy storage material, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is encapsulated into MF/rGO/Cu‐C through a vacuum‐assisted impregnation method to obtain PEG@MF/rGO/Cu‐C composite with excellent comprehensive performance. PEG@MF/rGO/Cu‐C exhibits high phase change enthalpies of 148.3 J g−1 (melting) and 143.9 J g−1 (crystallization), corresponding to a high energy storage capability of 92.7%. Simultaneously, MF/rGO/Cu‐C endues the composite with an enhanced thermal conductivity of 0.4621 W m−1 K−1, which increases by 463% compared to that of PEG@MF. Furthermore, PEG@MF/rGO/Cu‐C displays great light‐to‐thermal and electric‐to‐thermal conversion capabilities, thermal cycle stability, light‐to‐thermal cycle stability, and shape stability, showing promising application prospects in different aspects.
Recyclable Mn(I) Catalysts for Base‐Free Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Mechanistic, DFT and Catalytic Studies
Authors: Jayaprakash Harikrishnan , Coburger Peter , Wörle Michael , Togni Antonio , Grützmacher Hansjorg 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe report here a mechanistic, DFT and catalytic study on a series of Mn(I) complexes 1, 2(a–d), 3, 4. The studies apprehended the requirements for Mn(I) complexes to be active in both asymmetric direct (AH) and transfer hydrogenations (ATH). The investigations disclosed 6 vital factors accelerating the formation of a resting species, which plays a significant role in lowering the activities of the Mn(I) complex 1 in ATH and AH, respectively. In addition, we also report here a base free Mn(I) catalyzed ATH of aryl alkyl ketones with high enantioselectivity (up to 98 % ee) and improved activity. More significantly, a novel and simple single‐step process for recycling the resting species from the catalytic leftover has been discovered. Notably, the studies provide evidence for the existence of two different temperature dependent mechanisms for AH and ATH, in contrast to previous studies on related systems.
Time course of dorsolateral geniculate nucleus plasticity in adult monkeys with laser‐induced retinal lesions
Authors: Pereira Sandra S. , Botelho Eliã P. , Soares Juliana G.M. , Farias Mariana F. , Gattass Ricardo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe studied changes in the expression of growth‐associated protein 43 (GAP43), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and calcium‐binding proteins (calbindin [Cb] and parvalbumin [Pv]) in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of four capuchin monkeys with laser‐induced retinal lesions. The lesions were generated with the aid of a neodymium‐YAG dual‐frequency laser with shots of different intensity and at different survival time in each animal. The expression of these proteins in the layers of the dLGN was evaluated by performing histodensitometry of coronal sections throughout the nucleus. High‐power laser shots administered at the border of the optic disc (OD)‐injured fibers resulted in large scotomas. These lesions produced a devastating effect on fibers in this passage, resulting in large deafferentation of the dLGN. The time course of plasticity expressed in this nucleus varied with the degree of the retinal lesion. Topographically, corresponding portions of the dLGN were inferred by the extent of the ocular dominance column revealed by cytochrome oxidase histochemistry in flattened preparations of V1. In the region representing the retinal lesion, the expression of GFAP, GAP43, Pv, and Cb increased and decreased in the corresponding dLGN layers shortly after lesion induction and returned to their original values with different time courses. Synaptogenesis (indicated by GAP43 expression) appeared to be increased in all layers, while “cleansing” of the glial‐damaged region (indicated by GFAP expression) was markedly greater in the parvocellular layers, followed by the magnocellular layers.Schematic drawings of optic discs laser lesions and of series of coronal sections of the dLGN, in three monkeys, depicting the areas of the nucleus deafferented by the lesions.
γδ T cells in 3D culture: The potential use in the therapeutics development
Authors: Wang Shih‐Han , Lee Te‐An , Kuo Chun‐Tse , Lai Yun‐Ju , Li Chia‐Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGamma‐delta (γδ) T cells have a promising future in various therapies due to their anti‐cancer and anti‐infectious function. As the unique T cell subset plays a vital role in the connection between innate and adaptive immunity, we discussed the potential application of γδ T cell‐based therapy combined with other anti‐tumour treatments. For comprehensive investigation, a three‐dimensional (3D) cell culture system can be applied to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of γδ T cells. Hence, we also summarized and discussed the potential use of the 3D cell culture system for therapeutic developments in γδ T cells.
Performance analysis of cognitive radio‐assisted clustering car‐following V2X communication system
Authors: Le Chi‐Bao , Le Anh‐Tu , Do Dinh‐Thuan 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIn this paper, we study high spectrum efficiency transmission in vehicle to everything (V2X) system to allow the roadside unit (RSU) broadcasts its safety information to vehicles which belong to a dedicated group. However, low latency and high reliability are tightly required in related applications of V2X; we explore advantages of cognitive radio (CR) and non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to form system, namely, CR NOMA‐V2X. Such considered system provides transmissions from the RSU to vehicles with respect to lower access latency and to enhance the packet reception probability. In the proposed scheme, the vehicles need channel state information (CSI) for signal decoding order, but we face with imperfect CSI occurs in practical scenarios. To evaluate such degraded system performance of the involved CR NOMA‐V2X, we introduce the approximate closed‐form expressions of outage probability. Numerical results indicate the validness of our derivations.
High‐isolated broadband eight‐element linear multi‐input multi‐output array over artificial magnetic surface for wireless and sub‐6 GHz 5G communications
Authors: Malekpoor Hossein , Abolmasoumi Ali 
Published: June 2022

SummaryA low‐profile eight‐element printed dipole antenna (PDA) array backed by broadband rhomboid artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is introduced for wireless communication systems. By loading a 4 × 27 AMC reflector into the eight‐element array of PDA, a low‐profile wideband structure with enhanced radiation properties is achieved. The measured S parameters show the broad bandwidth from 4.75 to 7.05 GHz in C‐band with enhanced gains of eight elements (more than 8 dBi) and the suitable isolation between the array elements of more than 23 dB for multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) systems. The suggested PDA with a pair of the microstrip meandered folded poles excited by an E‐shaped microstrip feedline expands the bandwidth in the range of 5.85–6.95 GHz (S11 ≤ −10 dB). The novel AMC unit cell is realized based on the recognized method as rhomboid coupled parasitic patches. The rhomboid AMC design operates at 6.26 GHz with an AMC bandwidth of 5.20–7.24 GHz (32.8%). Then, the suggested rhomboid AMC surface as a reflector of the antenna is inserted into the PDA to exhibit −10 dB measured impedance bandwidth from 4.94 to 6.93 GHz (more than 33%) for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications. The suggested PDA with AMC compared to the PDA without AMC exhibits a size reduction of 34%, enhanced gain up to 8 dBi, and excellent impedance matching (at least −20 dB) with directional radiation patterns.
Novel reconfigurable monopole‐based matching circuitry design for 5G and modern wireless communication systems
Authors: Kamel Amna Shibib , Jalal Ali Sadeq A. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIn this paper, a design of a reconfigurable printed antenna circuitry for 5G portable devices is proposed based on a miniaturized structure. Thus, the proposed antenna is structured as a printed circuit monopole with a coplanar waveguide port (CWP). The ground proposed CWP is designed as an L‐shaped reflector in order to increase the directivity of the proposed antenna toward a certain direction. A matching circuitry based on a fractal Minkowski structure of the first order is inductively attached to the antenna design to increase the antenna bandwidth. To control the antenna performance, the matching circuit is connected to the L‐shaped reflector through four PIN diodes. The effects of different switching scenarios on the antenna performance are tested numerically and experimentally for validation. It is found that when all diodes are switched ON, such antenna shows two frequency bands, S11 < −10 dB, from 3.5 to 3.7 GHz and from 5.08 to 6.9 GHz. Nevertheless, the antenna gain is found to be about 3.47 dBi at 3.6 GHz and 3.69 dBi around 5.1 GHz. The other switching scenarios are tested and presented in this work. It is observed that the PIN diodes' switching affects significantly on the antenna directivity and the radiation patterns. The antenna performance is parametrically analyzed using CST MWS based on a numerical technique and based on an analytical circuit model. The proposed antenna is fabricated and tested to be compared against the theoretical results. An excellent agreement was obtained between the simulated and measured results.
Evaluating the role of negative affect and negative interpretation biases in emotional eating behavior
Authors: Klein Kelly M. , Fitzgerald Elizabeth H. , Forney Katherine Jean , Kennedy Grace A. , Keel Pamela K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe study of emotional eating, or (over)eating in response to emotions, may inform transdiagnostic interventions for eating pathology. Prior work has focused on the role of negative affect in promoting emotional eating. The present study sought to extend this work through examining the role of cognitive biases.MethodWomen who self‐reported (n = 50) and did not self‐report (n = 40) emotional eating completed self‐report questionnaires of negative affect and negative interpretation biases, an implicit measure of cognitive bias, and a behavioral assay of emotional eating involving an ad lib test meal following a stress induction task.ResultsThe emotional eating group endorsed elevated trait negative affect, explicit shame biases, and implicit negative biases compared to controls. In addition, state negative affect increased after the stress induction task, and the emotional eating group endorsed greater state negative affect before and after the task and consumed more food following the stress induction. Only explicit cognitive shame biases demonstrated significant indirect effects in the association between group and food consumption. Specifically, elevated explicit shame biases were positively associated with amount of food consumed for the emotional eating group.DiscussionFuture research should examine whether interventions that target cognitive biases related to shame reduce emotional eating.Public SignificanceIndividuals with emotional eating consumed more food than controls following a stress induction. Explicit shame cognitive biases were positively associated with amount of food consumed for the emotional eating group. Shame cogntiive biases may be fruitful targets for reducing emotional eating.