bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and practices about techniques for inserting a peripherally inserted central catheter / Conhecimento e práticas sobre as técnicas de inserção do cateter central de inserção periférica
Authors: Furlan Colichio Aguida Thaisa , Scoqui Guimarães Carolina , Stabile Angelita , Cristina de Campos Pereira Silveira Renata , Gonçalves Menegueti Mayra , Salles Margatho do Nascimento Amanda 
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento e as práticas dos enfermeiros sobre as técnicas de inserção do PICC. Método: estudo descritivo quantitativo, do tipo levantamento (Survey). A população do estudo foi constituída por 32 enfermeiros habilitados para inserção do PICC. A coleta foi realizada atraves do RedCap com as seguintes variáveis: dados dos participantes; características do enfermeiro que insere PICC; características da instituição; avaliação Pré- Inserção do PICC e avaliação no Ato da Inserção. Resultado: a prática e o conhecimento dos enfermeiros na pré-inserção e inserção do PICC são bastante variados. Um destque pode ser feito para a utilização do ultrassom que é feita por 57,1% dos profissionais. Conclusão: evidenciou-se o conhecimento deficiente a respeito de questões sobre as técnicas de inserção do PICC e demonstrou-se que algumas práticas clínicas não estão em conformidade com o recomendado pelos guidelines de terapia infusional reconhecidos mundialmente.
Enabling children: participation as a new perspective on child‐health promotion
Authors: De Winter M. , Baerveldt C. , Kooistra J. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryAs fellow citizens, all children need a stimulating social environment that helps them develop self‐respect and social competence. Developmental research, however, shows, that many children do not or cannot fulfil the social, moral or cognitive developmental tasks which are necessary for healthy development. A lack of opportunities for gaining meaningful social experiences can be seen as a major source of psychosocial and behavioural problems in children. On the contrary, active commitment in educational environments such as the school and the neighbourhood, helps them to get an increasingly better grip on their own lives and health. Moreover, such ‘children's participation’ appears to have a protective and preventive effect for health‐related problems. Therefore, it is argued, that ‘enablement’, a key‐element of both the Ottawa Charter on Health Promotion and the International Convention on the Rights of the Child, should be at the core of every child‐health promotion programme.
Effects of central corneal thickness on measurement of intra‐ocular pressure in keratoconus and post‐keratoplasty
Authors: Patel S. , McLaughlin J. M. 
Published: July 2002

Summary Purpose: To measure and compare central corneal thickness (CT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in keratoconus and post‐keratoplasty subjects and examine the CT‐IOP relationship. Methods: 22 keratoconus (category I: six female sixteen male, average age 27.0 range 12–47) and 19 post‐keratoplasty (category II: ten female nine male average age 34.6 range 16–54) patients without other anterior segment conditions were recruited. Only one, non‐contact lens wearing, eye of the patient was included for analysis. Cornea was anaesthetised with non‐preserved 0.4% Benoxinate Hydrochloride. Using a randomised approach, CT was measured using a standard ultrasonic pachymeter. IOP was then measured using a standard Goldmann tonometer. At all times the tonometrist remained unaware of the corneal thickness values. Results: The mean (±s.d.) values for CT and IOP respectively in the two categories were: (I), 445 (45) μ and 9.8 (2.3) mmHg, (II), 564(44) microns and 15.8 (3.9) mmHg.Differences between I and II for both CT and IOP were significant ( t‐test, p=0.01). Within each category, a significant correlation between CT and IOP was not found. Pooling all pairs of data ( n=41) a significant relationship between CT and IOP was detected ( r=0.635, p=0.0001). Conclusion: The results confirm the hypothesis that an eye with a thicker cornea tends to present with a higher measured IOP. In the management of keratoconus and other corneal surgical procedures, changes in CT will contribute to any apparent changes in measured IOP.
The use of gradient sector magnets in Chasman-Green lattice (abstract)
Authors: Kato S. 
Published: July 2002

The design of the next generation synchrotron radiation ring is based on a low-emittance storage ring with large numbers of zero-dispersion straight-section for insertion devices. As a candidate, the Chasman-Green lattice is likely to be the most promising to be investigated. In this paper, field gradients and edges which are not perpendicular to the optic axis are proposed to introduce the bending magnets for a low-emittance Chasman-Green lattice. The horizontal beam emittance of a large ring is generally expressed as1 (1) εx=Cqγθ3F(ψ)/Jx, where Cq=3.83×10−13 m, γ=Lorentz factor of the stored beam, θ=bending angle of a dipole magnet, F(ψ)=emittance form factor as a function of the betatron phase advance per half cell ψ, Jx=partition number of the horizontal betatron oscillation.
The form factor F(ψ) depends on the lattice structure and is expressed for the symmetrical cell as (2) F(ψ)=(1/ρθ3)(1/ρθ) ∫ρθ0(γη2 +2αηη′+βη′2)ds, where H=γη2+2αηη′+βη′2 is the Courant–Snyder dispersion invariant, ρ is the magnetic radius, α, β, γ are Twiss parameters and η, η′ are the dispersion function and the derivative with s the integral ranges over a bending magnet. We calculate, for examples, F(ψ) for a single lens approximation of equal focal length with ρ=25 and θ=π/32 radian. For the gradient magnet, the gradient parameter K is taken to be −0.05(1/m2) for example, where K is defined as (3) K=(1−n)/2, n=−(ρ/B)(dB/dx). The absolute value of K is restricted to be small to guarantee the damping of energy oscillation. For a nonperpendicular edge, the angle between the edge normal and the beam axis is chosen to be −0.255 radian, for example. The sign conversion is in the usual manner.2 The form factor F(ψ) is calculated as a function of Ψ for the two examples. Another factor to effect the emittance is the partition number Jx as seen in Eq. (1).
J x can be written as (4) Jx=1−Kρ2θ2/3, in the first-order calculation. A negative K has little effect to decrease the emittance in cooperation with F(ψ). The horizontal beam emittance is shown to be decreased by the reduction of the factor in two examples in cooperation with the increase of the horizontal damping partition number of the betatron oscillation.
Quantum-state-specific dynamics of the dissociative adsorption and associative desorption of H2 at a Cu(111) surface
Authors: Rettner C. T. , Michelsen H. A. , Auerbach D. J. 
Published: July 2002

We have determined the dependence of the dissociative adsorption probability in the zero coverage limit, S0, for H2 on Cu(111) as a function of translational energy, Ei, and incidence angle, θi, vibrational state, v, and rotational state, J. We have also obtained information on the effect of surface temperature, Ts, on this probability. These results have been obtained by combining the findings of two separate experiments. We have obtained the form of the dependence of S0 on Ei at Ts=925 K for a range of quantum states from desorption experiments via the principle of detailed balance. We have obtained absolute S0 values from direct molecular beam adsorption experiments, which reveal that S0 scales with the so-called ‘‘normal energy,’’ En=Ei cos2 θi. The desorption experiments provide detailed information for J=0 to 10 of H2(v=0) and for J=0 to 7 of H2(v=1). The beam experiments additionally provide information on the adsorption of H2(v=2), averaged over J. All measurements are consistent with adsorption functions with an s-shaped form, which can be described by S0=A(1+erf(x))/2, where x=(En−E0)/W. Values of W are ∼0.16 and 0.13 eV for v=0 and v=1, respectively, at Ts=925 K, falling by about 0.05 eV for Ts=120 K, and with only a slight dependence on J. Values of A are insensitive to v and J, with a value of ∼0.25. S(En,v,J) curves are thus similar for different v and J, but shifted in En.
In contrast, we find that the values of E0, which determine the mid-point of the curves, have a strong dependence on v and J. Specifically, E0 for H2(v=0) molecules is about 0.6 eV, falling to 0.3 and 0.1 eV for H2(v=1) and H2(v=2), respectively. Translational energy is thus about twice as effective as vibrational energy in promoting dissociation. E0 rises with increasing J at low J, before falling at high J, indicating that rotational motion hinders adsorption for low rotational states (J&lt;4), and enhances adsorption for high rotational states (J≳4). Results are compared with similar studies on the D2/Cu(111) system and with recent calculations. Finally, these results are used to predict the dependence of the rate of dissociation on temperature for a ‘‘bulb’’ experiment with ambient hydrogen gas in contact with a Cu(111) surface. This simulation yields an activation energy of 0.47 eV for temperatures close to 800 K, compared to a literature value of 0.4 eV from experiment. Analysis of the temperature dependence reveals that the dominant reason for the increase in rate at high temperature is the increase in population of the high energy tail of the translational energy distribution.
Transplacental Uptake of Glucose Is Decreased in Embryonic Lethal Connexin26-deficient Mice
Authors: Gabriel Heinz-Dieter , Jung Dirk , Bützler Christoph , Temme Achim , Traub Otto , Winterhager Elke , Willecke Klaus 
Published: July 2002

Mice that harbor a targeted homozygous defect in the gene coding for the gap junctional protein connexin26 died in utero during the transient phase from early to midgestation. From day 10 post coitum onwards, development of homozygous embryos was retarded, which led to death around day 11 post coitum. Except for growth retardation, no gross morphological alterations were detected between homozygous connexin26-defective embryos and wild-type littermates.
At day 9 postcoitum, when chorioallantoic placenta started to function, connexin26 was weakly expressed in the yolk sac epithelium, between syncytiotrophoblasts I and II in the labyrinth region of the placenta, and in the skin of the embryo. At day 10 post coitum, expression of connexin26 in the placenta was much stronger than at the other locations. To analyze involvement of connexin26 in the placental transfer of nutrients, we have measured embryonic uptake of the nonmetabolizable glucose analogue 3-O-[14C]methylglucose, injected into the maternal tail vein. At day 10 post coitum, viable, homozygous connexin26-defective embryos accumulated only ∼40% of the radioactivity measured in wild-type and heterozygous littermates of the same size. We conclude that the uptake of glucose, and presumably other nutrients as well, from maternal blood into connexin26-deficient mouse embryos was severely impaired and apparently not sufficient to support the rapid organogenesis during midgestation. Our results suggest that connexin26 gap junction channels likely fulfill an essential role in the transfer of maternal nutrients and embryonic waste products between syncytiotrophoblast I and II in the labyrinth layer of the mouse placenta.
Glypican-3–Deficient Mice Exhibit Developmental Overgrowth and Some of the Abnormalities Typical of Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome
Authors: Cano-Gauci Danielle F. , Song Howard H. , Yang Huiling , McKerlie Colin , Choo Barbara , Shi Wen , Pullano Rose , Piscione Tino D. , Grisaru Silviu , Soon Shawn , Sedlackova Larisa , Tanswell A. Keith , Mak Tak W. , Yeger Herman , Lockwood Gina A. , Rosenblum Norman D. , Filmus Jorge 
Published: July 2002

Glypicans are a family of heparan sulfate proteoglycans that are linked to the cell surface through a glycosyl–phosphatidylinositol anchor. One member of this family, glypican-3 (Gpc3), is mutated in patients with the Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS). These patients display pre- and postnatal overgrowth, and a varying range of dysmorphisms. The clinical features of SGBS are very similar to the more extensively studied Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). Since BWS has been associated with biallelic expression of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II), it has been proposed that GPC3 is a negative regulator of IGF-II. However, there is still no biochemical evidence indicating that GPC3 plays such a role.
Here, we report that GPC3-deficient mice exhibit several of the clinical features observed in SGBS patients, including developmental overgrowth, perinatal death, cystic and dyplastic kidneys, and abnormal lung development. A proportion of the mutant mice also display mandibular hypoplasia and an imperforate vagina. In the particular case of the kidney, we demonstrate that there is an early and persistent developmental abnormality of the ureteric bud/collecting system due to increased proliferation of cells in this tissue element.
The degree of developmental overgrowth of the GPC3-deficient mice is similar to that of mice deficient in IGF receptor type 2 (IGF2R), a well characterized negative regulator of IGF-II. Unlike the IGF2R-deficient mice, however, the levels of IGF-II in GPC3 knockouts are similar to those of the normal littermates.
E‐citations: actionable identifiers and scholarly referencing
Authors: Paskin Norman 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTThis document discusses the role of ‘actionable’ identifiers such as the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) in enabling scholarly citations in a digital environment. Citation is a subset of the general wider concept of linkage, but an interesting one for two reasons: it is a practical example being worked on today, and it demonstrates that linkage only between digital entities is insufficient for scholarly citation. It also points the way to future extensions of the concept of linkage, with new uses being made of internet resources, and tools which can support these new patterns of citation.
A limited study of online access and user preferences
Authors: Goldfinch E. P. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTThis paper describes a survey designed to establish the online requirements for readers and potential readers of scientific journals in a limited specialist field. Questionnaires were distributed with publication catalogues, distributed on a worldwide basis, and also included on the Nuclear Technology Publishing website. The questions covered the needs for availability of paper abstracts, full papers and CD‐ROM products. Additionally, the questions explored methods by which individual scientists access the internet and the online service facilities that are used. Many of the results are expected, but one surprising result is that a significant majority of scientists responding to the questionnaire appear to prefer to gain access to publications through the journal publishers' websites rather than through the popular service providers.
Reviews
Authors: Braid Andrew , Pilling Stella , Dryburgh Alastair , Watkins Judy 
Published: July 2002

Making Sense of Standards and Technologies for Serials Management: A Guide to Practice and Future Developments for Librarians, Publishers and Systems Developers edited by Rosemary Russell. London: Library Association Publishing, in association with the UK Office for Library and Information Networking, University of Bath, April 2000. Pp. 192. Hardback, £39.95. ISBN 1‐85604‐338‐XBlown to Bits: How the New Economics of Information Transforms Strategy by Philip Evans and Thomas S. Wurster. Harvard Business School Press, 2000. Pp. 274, Hardback, £18.99. ISBN 0‐87584‐877‐XThe Legal and Regulatory Environment for Electronic Information, 3rd edn by Charles Oppenheim. Infonortics In‐depth Briefings, 1999. Pp. 231. Hardback, £55.00. ISBN 1‐873699‐53‐0
Linking at the US National Library of Medicine
Authors: Smith Kent A. , Sequeira Ed 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTThe development of services provided by the National Library of Medicine (NLM), which dates back to 1836, is described. MEDLINE, a database of 10‐plus million references and abstracts to the world's biomedical literature, was put on the World Wide Web for free searching in 1997 as a system called PubMed, whose use has grown to over 250 million searches per year. PubMed features a variety of links between MEDLINE references and related information – full‐text journal articles, DNA sequence data, medical knowledge bases, etc. – at websites within and outside NLM. PubMed is a major component of a larger NLM system, Entrez, which integrates access to a number of genome‐related databases with linking features similar to those of PubMed. The newest linked service, which became a reality in February 2000, is PubMed Central, the National Institutes of Health's free repository for primary research reports in all the life sciences.
JIME: an interactive journal for interactive media
Authors: Shum Simon Buckingham , Sumner Tamara 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTHow can new media positively transform scholarly practices? In this article, we describe the Journal of Interactive Media in Education (JIME). JIME's peer‐review process is designed to promote multidisciplinary dialogue through the use of a purpose‐designed web document–discussion interface. This innovative peer‐review model and the resulting enriched digital documents illustrate some of the possibilities for promoting knowledge construction and preserving intellectual products in digital scholarly publications. We present JIME's technical infrastructure, editorial policy, and peer‐review process, and discuss how these features are used to support the journal's goals. Finally, we conclude by considering what aspects of our approach might be suitable for e‐journals in other disciplines.
Scholarly communities on the World Wide Web
Authors: Charkin Richard 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACT‘Communities’ has become a buzzword in the strategy departments of publishing companies. It is clear – and becoming clearer – that the Internet is not merely a potential information delivery route but a vehicle for bringing together communities. One of the problems, however, is that much of the scholarly activity on the Web is driven by people with a traditional information delivery role – writers, publishers, booksellers and subscription agents and librarians. Nobody questions the importance of these roles but community creation is different and requires skills which are frequently closer to caterers or advertising agencies or hoteliers. Time will tell how communities will develop. Whatever happens it is clear that the world of scholarly publishing is going to change beyond recognition in the next decade – and most of that change is for the better.
Copyright and licensing — the changing scene
Authors: Morris Sally 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTA rapid survey of the key current issues and changes in the copyright and licensing environment. Briefly discusses the reasons why there is so much change, and in particular the changing attitudes of both authors and customers towards publishers. Surveys the new contractual problems confronting publishers; the requirements for doing business electronically in future; major legal changes; and developments in licensing. Concludes by considering how publishers can influence what happens.
A bill of rights for authors?
Authors: Wilson David Gordon 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTAn enquiry of several mid‐ or late‐career much‐published engineers and scientists about their experiences having their papers and books published will usually produce a surprising number of ‘horror stories’. If one discounts the tendency of many people to prefer transmitting, and possibly embellishing, bad news rather than good, one is still left with the strong impression that serious ethical lapses can take place in the reviewing and editing processes. The most serious problems are very long delays – periods of two years are often experienced – before acceptances or rejections of manuscripts are made known. All too often, such a delay is coupled with the appearance of a publication on the same topic by a (suspected) later‐starting rival. In several cases, authors have claimed proof that these rivals were reviewers of their papers. In some cases, the reviewer has even ‘lifted’ material from the submitted manuscript. This is a very difficult area for editors and publishers to police. A group of aggrieved authors in the US drew up a ‘bill of rights’ and negotiated, with some success, with the then‐editor of Science for its acceptance.
Analytic continuation of multiple zeta functions
Authors: Zhao Jianqiang 
Published: July 2002

In this paper we shall define the analytic continuation of the multiple (Euler-Riemann-Zagier) zeta functions of depth

d
d

:
\[

ζ
(

s
1

,
…
,

s
d

)
:=

∑

0
>

n
1

>

n
2

>
⋯
>

n
d

1

n
1

s
1

n
2

s
2

⋯

n
d

s
d

,

\zeta (s_1,\dots ,s_d):= \sum _{0>n_1 > n_2>\cdots >n_d} \frac {1}{n_1^{s_1}n_2^{s_2}\cdots n_d^{s_d}},

\]
where

Re
⁡
(

s
d

)
>
1

\operatorname {Re}(s_d)>1

and

∑

j
=
1

d

Re
⁡
(

s
j

)
>
d

\sum _{j=1}^d\operatorname {Re}(s_j)>d

. We shall also study their behavior near the poles and pose some open problems concerning their zeros and functional equations at the end.
Principe local-global pour les zéro-cycles sur les surfaces réglées
Authors: Colliot-Thélène Jean-Louis 
Published: July 2002

Let

k
k

be a number field,

C

/

k

C/k

a smooth projective curve, and

X
X

a smooth projective surface which is a conic bundle over

C
C

. Let

C

H
0

(
X

/

C
)

CH_0(X/C)

be the relative Chow group, which is the kernel of the projection map

C

H
0

(
X
)
→
C

H
0

(
C
)

CH_0(X) \rightarrow CH_0(C)

on Chow groups of zero-cycles. For each place

v
v

of

k
k

, one may consider the relative Chow group

C

H
0

(

X
v

/

C
v

)
=
C

H
0

(
X

×
k

k
v

/

C

×
k

k
v

)

CH_0(X_v/C_v)=CH_0(X\times _kk_v/C\times _kk_v)

. Under minor assumptions, we identify the diagonal image of

C

H
0

(
X

/

C
)

CH_0(X/C)

in the product of all

C

H
0

(

X
v

/

C
v

)

CH_0(X_v/C_v)

as the kernel of the natural pairing with the Brauer group of

X
X

. When

C
C

is an elliptic curve with finite Tate-Shafarevich group, under minor assumptions, we show that the Brauer-Manin obstruction to the existence of a zero-cycle of degree one on

X
X

is the only obstruction.
Studying Plasmon Dispersion of MXene for Enhanced Electromagnetic Absorption
Authors: Guo Xiangdong , Li Ning , Wu Chenchen , Dai Xiaokang , Qi Ruishi , Qiao Tianyu , Su Tuoyi , Lei Dandan , Liu Nishuang , Du Jinlong , Wang Enge , Yang Xiaoxia , Gao Peng , Dai Qing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXene) are promising candidates for electromagnetic (EM) shielding, saturable absorption, thermal therapy, and photocatalysis owing to their excellent EM absorption. The plasmon resonances in metallic MXene micro/nanostructures may play an important role in enhancing the EM absorption; however, their contribution has not been determined due to the lack of a precise understanding of its plasmon behavior. Here, the use of high‐spatial‐resolution electron energy‐loss spectroscopy to measure the plasmon dispersion of MXene films with different thicknesses is reported, enabling accurate analysis of the EM absorption of complex MXene structures in a wide frequency range via a theoretical model. The EM absorption of MXene can be excited at the desired frequency by controlling the momentum (e.g., the sizes of the nanoflakes for EM excitation) as the strength can be enhanced by increasing the layer number and the interlayer distance in MXene. For example, a 3 nm interlayer distance can nearly double the plasmon‐enhanced EM absorption in MXene nanostructures. These findings can guide the design of advanced ultrathin EM absorption materials for a broad range of applications.