bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an evaluation method on using electric heating in cold rural areas of China
Authors: Yu Wei , Zhou Haixia , Huang Jiaying , Yu Zixian , Wei Shen , Wu Xiaochun , Ma Xiao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Responding to the national “double carbon” policy, rural areas in China are upgrading their heating methods. Since rural areas are more dispersed than urban areas, centralized heating is not easy to use. Therefore, electric heating has become one of the major solutions. However, relevant studies on electric heating usage in rural areas are limited. In this study, therefore, research methods including literature review, questionnaire, and expert consultation have been adopted, to decide relevant indicators reflecting the suitability of using electric heating in cold rural areas in China. Then, both expert questionnaire and analytic hierarchy process were used to decide the weight of these indicators, with a hybrid model established based on the gray whitening weight clustering method. Finally, a case village was selected to validate the performance of the model, with 20 households involved. The main results from this study include: 1) the primary indicators were technology, economy, comfort, safety, aesthetic portability, and environmental protection; 2) the weights of these indicators were 0.1617, 0.3158, 0.2337, 0.1846, 0.0516, and 0.0525; 3) the evaluation result for the case village was ‘suitable’, which was consistent with the villagers' actual subjective evaluation results. The evaluation method developed in this study can effectively reflect the actual needs of people living in cold rural areas of China and can help to achieve low-carbon heating in rural areas.
Outbreak.info genomic reports: scalable and dynamic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants and mutations
Authors: Hughes Laura , Gangavarapu Karthik , Latif Alaa Abdel , Mullen Julia , Alkuzweny Manar , Hufbauer Emory , Tsueng Ginger , Haag Emily , Zeller Mark , Aceves Christine , Zaiets Karina , Cano Marco , Zhou Jerry , Qian Zhongchao , Sattler Rachel , Matteson Nathaniel , Levy Joshua , Lee Raphael , Freitas Lucas , Maurer-Stroh Sebastian , Suchard Marc , Wu Chunlei , Su Andrew , Andersen Kristian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern has prompted the need for near real-time genomic surveillance to inform public health interventions. In response to this need, the global scientific community, through unprecedented effort, has sequenced and shared over 11 million genomes through GISAID, as of May 2022. This extraordinarily high sampling rate provides a unique opportunity to track the evolution of the virus in near real-time. Here, we present outbreak.info, a platform that currently tracks over 40 million combinations of PANGO lineages and individual mutations, across over 7,000 locations, to provide insights for researchers, public health officials, and the general public. We describe the interpretable and opinionated visualizations in the variant and location focussed reports available in our web application, the pipelines that enable the scalable ingestion of heterogeneous sources of SARS-CoV-2 variant data, and the server infrastructure that enables widespread data dissemination via a high performance API that can be accessed using an R package. We present a case study that illustrates how outbreak.info can be used for genomic surveillance and as a hypothesis generation tool to understand the ongoing pandemic at varying geographic and temporal scales. With an emphasis on scalability, interactivity, interpretability, and reusability, outbreak.info provides a template to enable genomic surveillance at a global and localized scale.
Metadichol, a natural ligand for the expression of Yamanaka reprogramming factors in somatic and primary cancer cell lines
Authors: Raghavan P.R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

The conversion of somatic cells back into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or embryonic-like stem cells involves the introduction of four genes commonly called Yamanaka factors: SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, and c-MYC. One drawback is that these genes and the viral vectors used to introduce them into cells have the potential to cause cancer, and these iPSC lines are not clinically useful. Most instances of direct reprogramming have been achieved by the forced expression of defined factors using viral vectors. In this paper, we show that Metadichol® has the potential to generate iPSCs non-virally and may be helpful in clinical applications. Metadichol is a Nano formulation of long-chain alcohols derived from food. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting showed that OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG are expressed when fibroblasts were treated with Metadichol at concentrations of one picogram to 100 nanograms. Reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) resulted in OCT4, KLF4, NANOG, and SOX2 levels increased relative to controls by 4.01, 3.51 and 1.26, and 2.5 times, respectively. Such multifold increases were also seen in A549 cancer cell lines and in Colo-205 cells. Reprogramming human primary cancer cells remains a challenge. We present data that even primary cancer cells show increases in the four Yamanaka factors. Metadichol treatment of triple-negative primary breast cancer (HCAF-TNPBC) primary cancer cells led to increases in OKSM factors by 19.6, 8.07, 2.45, and 6.91 times in concentration ranges of 1 picogram to 100 nanograms. Metadichol induces the expression of Klotho, an antiaging gene, that curbs the expression of the TP53 gene, as this is a pre-requisite for reprogramming somatic cells into iPSCs. Metadichol also increases endogenous vitamin C levels, which is necessary for the efficient reprogramming of somatic cells into iPSCs. Metadichol an extract from food that is nontoxic, which opens the door to direct testing in humans with the potential for applications in stem cell therapy
Combustion of Al nanoparticles coated with NC/ethanol/ether molecules by equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Jin Xin , Wang Lei , Liu Pingan , Sui Penghua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Al nano-particle (ANP) have high reactivity, but they are easily inactivated by external oxidants. To improve its surface property, we coat ANPs with nitrocellulose (NC)/ethanol/ether solution. And MD simulation method is used to simulate the coating, ignition and combustion processes of ANPs under three different coating conditions. Our results show that the NC/ethanol/ether formed a dense coating layer on the surface of annealed ANPs and passivated ANPs through physical and chemical adsorption. The coating layer can block the contact between the active Al atoms and O2 molecules at low temperature. In ignition phase, NC/ethanol/ether coating layer can increase the density of O2 molecules around ANPs and the surface temperature of ANPs. At the same time, due to the desorption and diffusion of the coating layer exposed more reaction sites, ANPs have shorter ignition delay and lower ignition temperature. According to the change of atomic displacement, the combustion stage can be divided into three stages. The NC molecules can increase the combustion propagation speed, combustion time and efficiency of ANPs. Such improvement will enable ANPs to obtain better storage performance, combustion performance and play a stronger role in the field of energetic materials.
Latent factors affecting safer injection practices that reduce infection and how education can improve them
Authors: Park Jung Wan , Park Samel , Lee Eunjung , Kim Tark , Kim Eu Suk , Kim Bongyoung , Yoo So Yeon , Han Su Ha , Kim Tae Hyong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence of healthcare-associated infections, particularly injection-related infections, increases patient comorbidities even in countries with adequate medical resources. Although there are clear guidelines for injection practices to prevent infection, their application in clinical settings is insufficient. Therefore, we have identified factors that effectively affect the application of injection practices with reduced infection.
Methods
We developed a questionnaire related to safe injection for infection prevention and administered it to the medical staff in charge of injection practice. The survey questionnaires were classified into four factors through factor loading, and the factors affecting injection practice performance were analyzed using a multivariable robust regression test.
Results
In total, 842 questionnaires were analyzed. Each questionnaire was classified into four factors: “Reuse and contamination,” “Compliance with aseptic technique,” “Exchange of infusion set,” and “Use of multidose vials,” Nurses with higher careers showed more compliance; education within one year and awareness of each item of the questionnaire had positive associations with proper injection practice.
Conclusions
The most important factor in the proper injection practice with reduced infection is education, and relevant knowledge through timely education positively affects the performance and compliance related to safe injection.
Increase in COVID-19 downwind following a wind change
Authors: Hailwood Alice , Graham Catriona , Ramalingam Sandeep 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aerosolized SARS COV-2 is viable for at least 3–5 hours. Aerosols can rapidly become droplet nuclei and be carried long distances by wind before they settle. We hence investigated the possibility of identifying wind-assisted transmission of COVID-19. COVID-19 cases/100,000 population was calculated for hotspots and surrounding areas. Daily wind direction/speed data for hotspots was collated. Seven-day rolling averages of COVID-19 cases/100,000 population was plotted against wind direction/speed to compare case rate trends in hotspots, upwind and downwind areas. Within 14 days of the wind blowing into an area, case rate trends downwind differed from that of the hotspot. The difference compared to the hotspot could be an increase, plateau, or a slower decrease. This suggests that viral particles carried by the wind can lead to an increase in infections downwind. Research on ways to reduce aerosol transmission in the community is urgently needed.
An exosome-related long non-coding RNAs risk model could predict survival outcomes in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Qiu Pengjun , Guo Qiaonan , Lin Jianqing , Pan Kelun , Chen Jianpeng , Ding Mingji 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most frequent malignancies among women worldwide. Accumulating evidence indicates that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) may affect BC progression. Exosomes, a class of small membrane vesicles, have been reported to promote tumor progression through transporting proteins, mRNAs, lncRNAs and so on. However, the interaction between exosome-related lncRNAs and the microenvironment of malignancies is unclear. Hence, we proceeded to investigate the relationship between exosome-related lncRNAs and BC microenvironment. Method: 121 exosome-associated genes were extracted from ExoBCD database. Then, the Pearson analysis was used to screened out the exosome-related lncRNAs. After that, 15 exosome-related differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified by the correlation with BC prognosis. According to the sum of the expression of these 15 lncRNAs, extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the regression coefficients, an exosome-related lncRNAs signature was developed by using Cox regression analysis. With the median risk score of the training set, the patients in training and validation sets were separated to low-risk group and high-risk group. Subsequently, the lncRNA–mRNA co-expression network was constructed. The distinct enrichment pathways were compared among the different risk groups by using the R package clusterProfiler. The ESTIMATE method and ssGESA database were adopted to study the ESTIMATE Score and immune cell infiltration. Eventually, the expression of immune checkpoint associated genes, microsatellite instable (MSI) and the immunophenoscore (IPS) were further analyzed between different risk groups. Results: Different risk groups exhibited different prognosis, with lower survival rate in the high-risk group. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the different risk groups were enriched in biological processes pathways as well as immune responses. BC patients in high-risk group were identified with lower scores of ESTIMATE scores. Subsequently, we noticed that the infiltrating levels of aDCs, B cells, CD8+ T cells, iDCs, DCs, Neutrophils, macrophages, NK cells, pDCs, Tfh, T helper cells, TIL and Tregs were obvious elevated with the decreased risk score in training and validation cohorts. And some immune signatures were significantly activated with the decreased risk score in both cohorts. Eventually, the exosome-associated lncRNAs risk model was demonstrated to accurately predict immunotherapy response in patients with BC. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that exosome-related lncRNAs risk model has close relationship with prognosis and immune cells infiltration in BC patients. These findings could make a great contribution to improving BC immunotherapy.
Gene Expression Alterations in Peripheral Blood Following Sport-Related Concussion in a Prospective Cohort of Collegiate Athletes: A Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium Study
Authors: Liu Yunlong , Simpson Edward , Nudelman Kelly , Riggen Larry , Menser Michael , Ren Jie , Reiter Jill , Harezlak Jaroslaw , Foroud Tatiana , Saykin Andrew , Broglio Steve , McCrea Michael , Pasquina Paul , McAllister Thomas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Rapid diagnosis of concussion is essential to effective treatment and recovery. Concussion biomarker research has focused primarily on blood-based protein assays to detect markers of brain injury. However, transcriptomic data provides insight into the complex biological response to concussion. In this study, we investigated RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of whole blood in a large cohort of concussed and control collegiate athletes who were participating in the Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium. In this multicenter prospective cohort study, blood samples were collected from collegiate athletes at preseason (baseline), post-injury (0–6 hours), 24–48 hours postinjury, time of symptom resolution, 7 days after unrestricted return to play and 6 months post-injury. RNA-sequencing was performed on samples from 230 concussed, 130 contact control and 102 non-contact control athletes. Differential gene expression analysis was performed at each timepoint relative to baseline. Deconvolution analysis was used to identify differences in immune cell types. We identified key genes and pathways that were activated in response to concussion. Cytokine and immune response signaling pathways were activated immediately after concussion, but at later time points, these pathways appeared to be suppressed relative to contact controls. RNA-seq data also revealed that the proportion of neutrophils increased and natural killer cells decreased in the blood following concussion. Transcriptome signatures in the blood reflect the known pathophysiology of concussion and may be useful for defining the immediate biological response and the time course for recovery. In addition, the identified immune response pathways and changes in immune cell type proportions following concussion could inform future treatment strategies.
The Use of Intercultural Interpreter Services at a Pediatric Emergency Department in Switzerland
Authors: Buser S , Gessler N , Gmuender M , Feuz U , Jachmann A , Fayyaz J , Keitel K , Brandenberger J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of our study was to analyze the use of interpreter services and improve communication during health encounters with families with limited language proficiency (LLP) at the pediatric emergency department (ED) of the University Hospital of Bern.This study is a pre- and post-intervention study analyzing the use of interpreter services for LLP families. All families originating from a country with a native language other than German, English or French presenting to the ED were eligible to participate in the study. If they agreed to participate, the language proficiency of the caregiver present during the health encounter was systematically assessed during a phone interview within a few days after the consultation, using a standardized screening tool. If screened positive (relevant LLP), a second phone interview with an interpreter was conducted. Further variables were extracted including nationality, age, gender and date of visit using administrative health records. To increase the use of interpreter services, a package of interventions was implemented at the department during 3 months. It consisted of: i) in person and online transcultural teaching ii) awareness raising through the regular information channels and iii) the introduction of a pathway to systematically identify and manage LLP families. The proportion of LLP families who received an interpreter was 11.0% (14/127) in the pre-intervention period compared to 14.8% (20/135) in the post-intervention period. The interpreter use was therefore increased by 3.8% (95% CI -0.43 to 0.21; p = 0.36). The assessed level of language proficiency of caregivers differed from the self-reported level of language proficiency. Of the study participants in the interview whose language proficiency was screened as limited, 77.1% estimated their language proficiency level as intermediate. More than half of the LLP families who did not receive an interpreter and participated in the interview reported, that they would have liked an interpreter during the consultation. Conclusions: Interpreter services are largely underused during health encounters with LLP families. Relying on caregivers´ self-assessed language proficiency and their active request for an interpreter is not sufficient to ensure safe communication during health encounters. Systematic screening of language proficiency and standardized management of LLP families is feasible and needed at health care facilities to ensure equitable care. Further studies are needed to analyze personal and institutional barriers to interpreter use and find interventions to sustainably increase the use of interpreter services for LLP families.
Groundwater conceptual pollution model and related human health hazards, the main dilemma of a desert aquifer near ophiolite complex
Authors: Sudegi Peyman , Bagheri Rahim , Jafari Hadi , Qishlaqi Afshin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Groundwater is a finite resource in Davarzan region with limited annual rainfall in the northeast of Iran. This aquifer is located between the ophiolite complex mountain in the north and salty playa at the south. 26 groundwater and 4 springs’ samples were analyzed to assess the origin of groundwater pollution and explains links between the disturbed heavy metals composition of the earth’s surface and the human health risks. The main heavy metal pollutants in the groundwater are Cr, Fe, As and Pb ions. In general, the groundwater salinity and some elements such as Cr and As are increased along with surface topography and groundwater flow directions from the northern ophiolite highlands recharge area to the adjacent desert discharging zone in the south. Despite the ophiolite complexes being the most enriched in Cr element, the lowest Cr concentration in the groundwater was measured near the ophiolite area, which is in the range of its discharged springs. Based on the groundwater conceptual pollution model, bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of groundwater. The Cr samples show a direct relation with the EC value indicating that intrusion of salinity from the salt pan is probably another reason for the increased Cr concentration. They are the most important natural sources of metal entry into bodies of the groundwater. The results of health risk assessment indicated that the groundwater suffered from significant contamination and if used for long-term without pre-treatment, may pose serious health risks to human population via drinking water and irrigation of agricultural fields. This is the first attempt to apply hydrogeological setting along with the source of pollution and its health risk in a desert-ophiolitic area.
Protein nanobarcodes enable single-step multiplexed fluorescence imaging
Authors: Bolm Daniëlle de Jong - , Sadeghi Mohsen , Bao Guobin , Klaehn Gabriele , Hoff Merle , Mittelmeier Lucas , Basamanav Buket , Opazo Felipe , Noé Frank , Rizzoli Silvio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Multiplexed cellular imaging typically relies on the sequential application of detection probes, such as antibodies or DNA barcodes, which is complex and time-consuming. To address this, we developed here protein nanobarcodes, composed of combinations of epitopes recognized by specific sets of nanobodies. The nanobarcodes are read in a single imaging step, relying on nanobodies conjugated to distinct fluorophores, which enables a precise analysis of large numbers of protein combinations.
Effectiveness of brief psychosocial support on mental health of cancer patients and their relatives: A non-randomized controlled evaluation of cancer counseling centers
Authors: Lingens Solveigh P. , Schilling Georgia , Schulz Holger , Bleich Christiane 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Patients with cancer and their relatives often experience a deterioration of mental health while dealing with the consequences of the disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes of mental health during and after brief psychosocial support at cancer counselling centers.Methods: In this non-randomized controlled trial n = 885 participants were recruited and n = 449 were eligible for the analysis. The intervention group (IG, n = 264) was recruited at two cancer counselling centers in Germany. The control group (CG, n = 195) were cancer patients or relatives who did not seek support at one of the aforementioned cancer counseling centers. To compare differences between IG and CG across three points in time (before the first counseling session and subsequently after two twelve weeks), a linear mixed model analysis (LLM) was performed. The primary outcome was distress; secondary outcomes were anxiety and depressive symptoms, well-being, cancer specific and generic quality of life (QoL), self-efficacy, and fatigue. Results: The LLM showed significant differences between IG and CG at follow-up for distress (d = 0.36), depressive (d = 0.22) and anxiety symptoms (d = 0.22), well-being (d = 0.26), quality of life (QoL mental, d = 0.26), cancer specific QoL (symptoms, d = 0.13) and QoL (global, d = 0.27). The changes were not significant for QoL (physical), cancer specific QoL (functional) and fatigue. Conclusion: The results suggest that brief psychosocial support is associated with the improvement of mental health of cancer patients and their relatives after three months.The study was approved by the Center of Psychosocial Medicine (LPEK) at the University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf on 22nd of August 2018 (No: LPEK-007). The study was registered prior to data collection with the German Registration of Clinical Trials (DRKS, ID: DRKS00015516) in September 2018.