bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PursuingFOXR2-Driven Oncogenesis
Authors: Liu Anthony P.Y. , Northcott Paul A. 
Published: September 2022

FOXR2 encodes a Forkhead-Box transcription factor that has been recently described as a proto-oncogene. In this issue of Cancer Research, Tsai and colleagues present the first pan-cancer study summarizing the prevalence of FOXR2 overexpression beyond rare childhood-onset malignancies. Identification of a previously unknown mechanism of epigenetic activation and the expansion of FOXR2 transcriptional targets enhance the mechanistic understanding of FOXR2-driven malignancy, with the potential to uncover new therapeutic opportunities.See related article by Tsai et al., p. 2980
Shifting Alliances
Authors: Marku Ylber 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Although Albania emerged from the Second World War as an appendage of Yugoslavia, the Albanian Communist regime soon turned against Yugoslavia and forged an alliance with the Soviet Union. However, after the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev launched a campaign of de-Stalinization, Albania’s alliance with the USSR steadily eroded and collapsed altogether by the early 1960s. The PRC under Mao Zedong emerged as the new patron for the only Stalinist regime left in Europe. This article draws on recently declassified archival materials to reassess how and why Albanian Communist leaders shifted from one alliance to another. Both ideological and security considerations shaped the decision-making process. The article sheds light not only on Albania’s Cold War history but also on the history of Eastern Europe and the Soviet bloc.
“Japan Still Has Cadres Remaining”
Authors: King Amy , Muminov Sherzod 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
After Japan surrendered in 1945, more than 6 million Japanese were stranded in various parts of what had been the imperial domain. From 1945 to 1956, thousands of Japanese found themselves in the USSR and mainland China, unable or unwilling to return. Drawing on Soviet, Chinese, Japanese, and Western archives, this article compares Soviet and Communist Chinese policies toward the stranded Japanese. The distinct pathways adopted by the Soviet and Chinese Communist parties during the Chinese Civil War led to significant differences in their approaches to the day-to-day lives of the Japanese, the methods and messages of propaganda they adopted, and their means of handling the repatriation issue. Soviet and Chinese policies toward the Japanese during this uncertain and unsettled decade were shaped less by Cold War ideological and geopolitical alignments than by the legacies of East Asia’s recent wars.
Dancing with Religion: Organized Atheism and Humanism in the Field of Religions in Denmark
Authors: Reeh Niels 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The article firstly presents a modified version of a relational theoretical approach to the study of religions that can also be useful in the analysis of dynamic relations between religions and nonreligions. Nonreligious groups can be studied as relational collective groups that define themselves vis-à-vis other religious groups. Following this, the article suggests that scholars should take this relation between religions and nonreligions much further into consideration. Religious and nonreligious groups define themselves in a relation to what they perceive to be their most immediate competitors. Thus, the article posits that there is a social field of groups that relate and react to the other, and since we by convention know some of these groups as religions and nonreligions, we can study the set of interrelated groups as a social reality without the need of a definition. Instead of defining “religion” and “nonreligion,” the analysis can depart from the relation between the groups or the fact that both religions and nonreligions relate to and constitute themselves vis-à-vis other religions. In the last part, the article analyzes a piece of rare empirical evidence, namely, the founding event of a nonreligious group (i.e., the Danish Humanist Society). Here, the article shows how the Danish Humanist Society combined meaning and strategy in its relational struggle against its significant religious other, the Danish National Church.
For Pits’ Sake: Effect of Breed Labels on Perceptions of Shelter Dog Attractiveness
Authors: Weseley-Jones Kate 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pit bulls are the most common type of dog found in shelters, and negative perceptions of their temperament are believed to reduce their likelihood of adoption. Two experiments investigated the effects of breed label on perceptions of shelter dog attractiveness. The first experiment recruited 176 participants to rate the attractiveness of a dog labeled either a Pit Bull or Mixed Breed. The second study added an unlabeled condition and a Staffordshire Bull Terrier condition, and recruited 257 participants. While the Pit Bull was rated significantly less attractive than the Mixed Breed in Experiment 1, in Experiment 2, the Mixed Breed was rated the least attractive and significantly less so than the dog in the unlabeled condition. In addition, both experiments demonstrated that younger people viewed the dog as more attractive than older people. Given the conflicting results regarding breed labels, further research is necessary.
Unravelling the cryptic diversity and evolution of the dwarf swamp frog Pseudopaludicola mystacalis (Anura, Leptodactylidae) in open habitats of South America
Authors: Porto Clara Ribeiro , Fazolato Cecil Pergentino , Marques Ricardo , Batalha-Filho Henrique , Napoli Marcelo Felgueiras , Garda Adrian Antonio , de Carvalho Maria Luiza Silveira , de Campos Fernandes Flora Maria 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Many studies on the diversity of the South American biota support the role of ecological and geological events as main drivers of species diversification. For many groups, geomorphological events are the key drivers of diversification, while the influence of Pleistocene climate oscillations is prominent for others. To precisely indicate which events were key for the development of the astonishing biodiversity in South America, studies on widely distributed species are paramount. One such species, the dwarf swamp frog Pseudopaludicola mystacalis (Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae), is widely distributed in open habitats of South America and we herein investigate population differentiation and diversification in this species across its geographic range. We sequenced a 1374 bp mtDNA fragment from 64 specimens across 25 localities. We used population assignment and species delimitation methods to assess genetic structure and lineage limits across the species distribution. We estimated, for each lineage, intraspecific diversity, divergence times, and demographic histories. Our results recovered ten lineages with up to 5% of genetic divergence among them. Diversification occurred mainly during the Tertiary, suggesting that Miocene-Pliocene topographic events had a major influence on the diversification of P. mystacalis. Pleistocene climatic oscillations also played a role on evolutionary history of P. mystacalis, causing demographic changes in one lineage.
Lands of Frosts and Great Beasts: Poland and Lithuania in the Accounts of Papal and Venetian Diplomats
Authors: Kuchno Klaudia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As surprising as it may seem at the first sight, one of the most detailed fragments of a diplomatic report summarizing a mission to Poland and Lithuania written in 1572 by a secretary of a papal nuncio dealt with an animal – the European bison. In fact, representations of nature were omnipresent in sixteenth-century papal and Venetian diplomatic accounts about the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The main aim of this article is to demonstrate how and why climate, landscapes, natural resources, and animals came to be an important part of early modern diplomatic communication.
Sovereignty at Sea: the United States, Ecuador, and the Fisheries Dispute in the Eastern Tropical Pacific, 1945–75
Authors: Scarminach Shaine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the early 1970s, violent encounters between Ecuador’s navy and U.S. fishermen off the coast of South America reignited a long-running dispute over tuna fisheries in the region. The dispute centered on a basic question about who could fish in the waters off Ecuador’s coast. U.S. fishermen believed they had a right to fish the area, while Ecuadorians understood the waters as their natural patrimony. Yet despite this heated debate, U.S. and Ecuadorian officials appeared willing to settle the dispute. Nevertheless, repeated attempts at diplomatic negotiations failed to produce a durable solution. The difficulty owed in large part to the ocean environment itself. Competing conceptions of the ocean and a range of conflicting interests together frustrated diplomatic efforts. Ultimately, the fisheries dispute between the United States and Ecuador demonstrates how the environment can complicate international relations.
Natural Resources as an Asset of City Diplomacy: a Portrait of Jingdezhen and Its White Gold
Authors: Santos Niedja de Andrade e Silva Forte dos , Balão Sandra Maria Rodrigues 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article demonstrates how natural resources can be an asset for countries’ international influence while advancing national interests specially related to cultural economy. It focuses on Jingdezhen, the Chinese porcelain capital, a creative city in unesco Creative Cities Network, which has succeeded in extolling Chinese culture by converting its “white gold” into soft power by way of effective city diplomacy.
Family therapy for adolescents with depression and suicidal ideation: A systematic review and meta–analysis
Authors: Waraan Luxsiya , Siqveland Johan , Hanssen-Bauer Ketil , Czjakowski Nikolai O , Axelsdóttir Brynhildur , Mehlum Lars , Aalberg Marianne 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of family therapy compared to other active treatments for adolescents with depressive disorders or suicidal ideation.MethodWe conducted a systematic search of The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED, CINAHL and Web of Science and performed two meta-analyses of outcomes for depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.ResultsWe screened 5,940 records and identified 10 randomized controlled studies of family therapy for depressive disorder or suicidal ideation in adolescents with an active treatment comparison group. Nine studies reported outcome measures of depressive symptoms and four reported outcome measures of suicidal ideation. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between family therapy and active comparison treatments for end-of-treatment levels of depression. For suicidal ideation our meta-analysis showed a significant effect in favour of family therapy over comparison treatments for suicidal ideation.ConclusionsBased on the current body of research, we found that family therapy is not superior to other psychotherapies in the treatment of depressive disorder. However, family therapy leads to significantly improved outcomes for suicidal ideation, compared to other psychotherapies. The evidence for the treatment of depression is of low quality needs more research.
How do family carers and care-home staff manage refusals when assisting a person with advanced dementia with their personal care?
Authors: Backhouse Tamara , Jeon Yun-Hee , Killett Anne , Mioshi Eneida 
Published: September 2022

Background and objectives Caregivers may encounter, or inadvertently cause, refusals of care by a care recipient. Managing refusals of care can be challenging and have potential negative consequences. We aimed to examine caregivers’ (care-home staff and family carers) experiences of managing refusals of personal care in advanced dementia. Research design and methods One-to-one semi-structured interviews with 12 care assistants from six care homes and 20 family carers who were physically assisting a person with advanced dementia with their personal care in the UK. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim, with data analysed using qualitative content analysis. Findings Core to the caregiver experience of refusals of care was knowing the person. This underpinned five key themes identified as caregivers’ strategies used in preventing or managing refusals of care: (1) finding the right moment to care; (2) using specific communication strategies; (3) being tactful: simplifying, leaving, or adapting care; (4) having confidence in care; and (5) seeking support from others when safety is at risk. Discussion and implications Different caregiver relationships with the person with dementia influenced how they managed refusals of care. Refusals of care can place caregivers in tough situations with tensions between providing care when it is seemingly not wanted and leaving care incomplete. Both caregiver groups require support such as coaching, mentoring and/or advice from other health and social care practitioners to manage difficult personal care interactions before crisis points occur.
Incidence of Acute Thrombotic Occlusion and Its Predictors After Contemporary Femoropopliteal Endovascular Therapy in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Nakao Sho , Iida Osamu , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Okamoto Shin , Ishihara Takayuki , Tsujimura Takuya , Hata Yosuke , Toyoshima Taku , Higashino Naoko , Mano Toshiaki 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the incidence of acute thrombotic occlusion (ATO) and its predictors after contemporary femoropopliteal (FP) endovascular therapy (EVT) for peripheral artery disease. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively examined 763 limbs (chronic limb-threatening ischemia [CLTI]: 44%, involving popliteal lesion: 44%) in 644 patients (mean age: 75±9 years, male: 71%, hemodialysis: 34%) who successfully underwent EVT with contemporary FP devices (drug-coated stent: n=220, stent graft: n=158, drug-eluting stent: n=150, drug-coated balloon [DCB]: n=235) from June 2012 to July 2020. The outcome measure was ATO defined as acute onset of claudication and/or signs of CLTI in combination with angiographic evidence of occlusive thrombus formation within the treated segment. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify baseline characteristics associated with the incidence of ATO after EVT treated with scaffold. To determine the impact of ATO occurrence and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation on the subsequent composite outcome of mortality or major amputation, we developed the Cox model in which the trichotomous variable (free from ATO, ATO without CPK elevation, and ATO with CPK elevation) was a time-dependent covariate. Results: The 24-month incidence of ATO in the overall population was 4.3%±0.8% (DCB: 1.0%±0.7% vs scaffold: 5.8%±1.1%, p<0.01). Hemodialysis (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.63, p=0.02) and involving popliteal lesion (HR: 8.22, p<0.01) were independently associated with an increased risk of ATO in patients treated with scaffold. Both ATO without CPK elevation and ATO with CPK elevation were significantly associated with a composite outcome of mortality or major amputation comparing free from ATO, with an HR of 2.39 and 9.87, respectively (p=0.02 and p<0.01). Conclusion: We found a substantial incidence of ATO after contemporary FP-EVT, particularly with scaffold. Hemodialysis and involving popliteal lesion were significantly associated with ATO risk in patients treated with scaffold. The occurrence of ATO, particularly with CPK elevation, was associated with an increased risk of a subsequent composite outcome of mortality or major amputation. The scaffold was safely used in patients without those risk factors of ATO, but a non-scaffolding strategy should be considered for patients with more risk factors. Clinical Impact The scaffold was safely used in patients without hemodialysis and involving popliteal lesion, but a non-scaffolding strategy should be considered for patients with those risk factors. The occurrence of ATO, particulary with CPK elevation, was of high risk of mortality or amputation.
Monitoring for atrial fibrillation prior to patent foramen ovale closure after cryptogenic stroke
Authors: Diener Hans-Christoph , Wachter Rolf , Wong Andrew , Thijs Vincent , Schnabel Renate B , Ntaios George , Kasner Scott , Rothwell Peter M , Passman Rod , Saver Jeffrey L , Albers Bert A , Bernstein Richard A 
Published: September 2022

Background: Patients who had a cryptogenic stroke (CS) suspected to be causally related to a patent foramen ovale (PFO) are candidates for percutaneous PFO closure. In such patients, it is important to screen for atrial fibrillation (AF). Limited guidance is available regarding AF monitoring strategies in CS patients with PFO addressing optimal monitoring technology and duration. Aim: To provide a narrative review of cardiac rhythm monitoring in CS patients considered for PFO closure, including current practices, stroke recurrences after CS, findings from monitoring studies in CS patients, and predictors for AF detection published in the literature. To propose a personalized strategy for cardiac monitoring in CS patients, accounting for aspects predicting AF detection. Summary of review: AF detection in CS patients is predicted by age, left atrial enlargement, prolonged PR interval, frequent premature atrial contractions, interatrial conduction block, diabetes, prior brain infarctions, leukoaraiosis, elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)/N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, and a family history of AF, as well as composed scores (e.g. CHA2DS2-VASc, atrial fibrillation in embolic stroke of undetermined source (AF-ESUS)). The causal role of the PFO may be accounted for by the risk of paradoxical embolism (RoPE) score and/or the PFO-Associated Stroke Causal Likelihood (PASCAL) classification. Conclusion: A personalized approach to AF detection in CS patients is proposed, accounting for the likelihood of AF detection and aimed at obtaining sufficient confidence regarding the absence of AF in patients considered for PFO closure. In addition, the impact of high-risk PFO features on the monitoring strategy is discussed.
Implementation and facilitation of post-resuscitation debriefing: a comparative crossover study of two post-resuscitation debriefing frameworks
Authors: Kam April J. , Gonsalves Clarelle L. , Nordlund Samantha V. , Hale Stephen J. , Twiss Jennifer , Cupido Cynthia , Brar Mandeep , Parker Melissa J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Post-resuscitation debriefing (PRD) is the process of facilitated, reflective discussion, enabling team-based interpersonal feedback and identification of systems-level barriers to patient care. The importance and benefits of PRD are well recognized; however, numerous barriers exist, preventing its practical implementation. Use of a debriefing tool can aid with facilitating debriefing, creating realistic objectives, and providing feedback.

Objectives
To assess utility of two PRD tools, Debriefing In Situ Conversation after Emergent Resuscitation Now (DISCERN) and Post-Code Pause (PCP), through user preference. Secondary aims included evaluating differences in quality, subject matter, and types of feedback between tools and implications on quality improvement and patient safety.

Methods
Prospective, crossover study over a 12-month period from February 2019 to January 2020. Two PDR tools were implemented in 8 week-long blocks in acute care settings at a tertiary care children’s hospital. Debriefings were triggered for any intubation, resuscitation, serious/unanticipated patient outcome, or by request for distressing situations. Post-debriefing, team members completed survey evaluations of the PDR tool used. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze survey responses. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify themes that emerged from qualitative responses.

Results
A total of 114 debriefings took place, representing 655 total survey responses, 327 (49.9%) using PCP and 328 (50.1%) using DISCERN. 65.2% of participants found that PCP provided emotional support while only 50% of respondents reported emotional support from DISCERN. PCP was found to more strongly support clinical education (61.2% vs 56.7%). There were no significant differences in ease of use, support of the debrief process, number of newly identified improvement opportunities, or comfort in making comments or raising questions during debriefs between tools. Thematic analysis revealed six key themes: communication, quality of care, team function & dynamics, resource allocation, preparation and response, and support.

Conclusion
Both tools provide teams with an opportunity to reflect on critical events. PCP provided a more organized approach to debriefing, guided the conversation to key areas, and discussed team member wellbeing. When implementing a PRD tool, environmental constraints, desired level of emotional support, and the extent to which open ended data is deemed valuable should be considered.
Applicability of a semiautomated volumetric approach (5D CNS+™) for detailed antenatal reconstruction of abnormal fetal CNS anatomy
Authors: Welp Amrei , Gembicki Michael , Dracopoulos Christoph , Scharf Jann Lennard , Rody Achim , Weichert Jan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of a semiautomated volumetric approach (5D CNS+™) when examining fetuses with an apparent abnormal anatomy of the central nervous system (CNS).

Methods
Stored 3D volumes extracted from a cohort of > 1.400 consecutive 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnancies (range 15–36 gestational weeks) were analyzed using the semiautomatic software tool 5D CNS+™, enabling detailed reconstruction of nine diagnostic planes of the fetal brain. All 3D data sets were examined and judged for plane accuracy, the need for manual adjustment, and fetal CNS anomalies affecting successful plane reconstruction.

Results
Based on our data of 91 fetuses with structural cerebral anomalies, we were able to reveal details of a wide range of CNS anomalies with application of the 5D CNS+™ technique. The corresponding anatomical features and consecutive changes of neighboring structures could be clearly demonstrated. Thus, a profound assessment of the entire altered CNS anatomy could be achieved in nearly all cases. The comparison with matched controls showed a significant difference in volume acquisition (p < 0.001) and in need for manual adjustment (p < 0.001) but not in the drop-out rates (p = 0.677) of both groups.

Conclusion
5D CNS+™ is applicable in the majority of cases with brain lesions and constitutes a reliable tool even if the integrity of the fetal CNS is compromised by structural anomalies. Using volume data that were acquired in identical cutting sections needed for conventional biometry allows for detailed anatomic surveys grossly independent of the examiner’s experience.