bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photo‐Induced Dynamic Room Temperature Phosphorescence Based on Triphenyl Phosphonium Containing Polymers
Authors: Wang Chang , Zhang Yongfeng , Wang Zhonghao , Zheng Yan , Zheng Xian , Gao Liang , Zhou Qian , Hao Jinqiu , Pi Bingxue , Li Qiankun , Yang Chaolong , Li Youbing , Wang Kaiti , Zhao Yanli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLong‐lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) systems have become a research focus in the field of functional materials due to their fascinating luminescence properties. However, it is still an enormous challenge to realize RTP under ambient conditions, since RTP can be quenched easily by molecular oxygen. Herein, two polymer acceptors containing triphenyl phosphonium bromide salt are designed and synthesized successfully. They are then doped into a poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix with donor molecules to form flexible films with long‐lived RTP. Interestingly, the long‐lived RTP performance is highly dependent on the grafting rate of the polymers. Upon increasing the grafting rate, the aggregation degree of polymer acceptors increases, further inhibiting the molecular movement in the aggregates and reducing nonradiative vibration deactivation of triplet excitons for achieving green long‐lived RTP. Meanwhile, the visualization of real information and complete pattern after 365 nm UV irradiation is demonstrated based on these long‐lived RTP systems, presenting application potential toward dynamic multilevel information encryption and display devices. This work provides an innovative principle for the activation of long‐lived RTP in the polymeric systems under ambient conditions.
Handover management in software‐defined 5G small cell networks via long short‐term memory
Authors: Cicioğlu Murtaza , Çalhan Ali 
Published: January 2022

Abstract5G and beyond communication technologies have started to spread around the world. Higher frequencies lead 5G base stations to have small coverage areas. Besides, the wireless network users have mobility and may move fast among the base stations. Software‐defined networking (SDN) is a promising network solution for dynamic and dense networks such as 5G networks. The handover process defines the transfer of mobile users' connections among the base stations and the handover has to happen frequently in ultra‐dense networks. In this study, we aim to construct a more robust handover based on long short‐term memory (LSTM) with SDN in terms of the number of handover and handover failures. LSTM, linear regression, support vector machine, and tree algorithms performances have been investigated for handover. According to the R2 values of LSTM, SVM, tree, linear regression results are obtained as 0.998, 0.980, 0.980, and 0.75, respectively. Root mean square error, coefficient of determination (R), mean squared error, and mean absolute deviation statistics prove the improvement of the handover mechanism. In the proposed approach, approximately 30% reduction in the HO failure ratio and 22.22% reduction number of handover have been observed.
Electro‐ and Photocatalytic Oxidative Upgrading of Bio‐based 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Meng Ye , Yang Song , Li Hu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConversion of biomass into biofuels and high value‐added chemicals is a promising strategy to solve the increasingly deteriorating environmental problems caused by fossil energy consumption. The development of efficient technologies and methods is the premise and guarantee to realize the high‐value conversion of biomass. 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), as a versatile biomass platform compound, is generated via dehydration of hexoses (e. g., fructose and glucose) derived from cellulosic biomass. This Review gives an overview of the advances and challenges of electro‐ and photocatalytic oxidation of biomass‐derived HMF to high‐value chemicals such as 2,5‐formylfuran (DFF) and 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). These strategies and methods for the preparation of high‐value chemicals by electro‐ and photocatalytic oxidation of HMF, coupled with, for example, hydrogen evolution reaction, organic substrate reduction, CO2reduction reaction, or N2reduction reaction, were summarized and discussed. Moreover, the catalytic efficiency and mechanism of different types of catalysts were also introduced in these conversion systems.
Weight of evidence tools in the prediction of acute fish toxicity
Authors: Belanger Scott E. , Lillicrap Adam D. , Moe S. Jannicke , Wolf Raoul , Connors Kristin , Embry Michelle R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Acute fish toxicity (AFT) is a key endpoint in nearly all regulatory implementations of environmental hazard assessments of chemicals globally. Although it is an early tier assay, the AFT assay is complex and uses many juvenile fish each year for the registration and assessment of chemicals. Thus, it is imperative to seek animal alternative approaches to replace or reduce animal use for environmental hazard assessments. A Bayesian Network (BN) model has been developed that brings together a suite of lines of evidence (LoEs) to produce a probabilistic estimate of AFT without the testing of additional juvenile fish. Lines of evidence include chemical descriptors, mode of action (MoA) assignment, knowledge of algal and daphnid acute toxicity, and animal alternative assays such as fish embryo tests and in vitro fish assays (e.g., gill cytotoxicity). The effort also includes retrieval, assessment, and curation of quality acute fish toxicity data because these act as the baseline of comparison with model outputs. An ideal outcome of this effort would be to have global applicability, acceptance and uptake, relevance to predominant fish species used in chemical assessments, be expandable to allow incorporation of future knowledge, and data to be publicly available. The BN model can be conceived as having incorporated principles of tiered assessment and whose outcomes will be directed by the available evidence in combination with prior information. We demonstrate that, as additional evidence is included in the prediction of a given chemical's ecotoxicity profile, both the accuracy and the precision of the predicted AFT can increase. Ultimately an improved environmental hazard assessment will be achieved. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1220–1234. © 2022 SETAC
Salinization of groundwater by irrigation return flows
Authors: Foster Stephen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnderstanding and managing the impact of return flows to shallow groundwater from irrigated cultivation of permeable soils have been seriously neglected by agricultural researchers, advisors and water managers, and does not figure in practical guidance to farmers on soil and water management. An assessment of serious groundwater salinization by this mechanism is provided and illustrated by some researched examples. This assessment identifies the specific circumstances and key factors involved and makes suggestions on land and water management measures that can help to mitigate the problem.
Resolving issues related to target‐site resistance detection in Poa annua alpha‐tubulin
Authors: Rutland Claudia Ann , Russell Eli C. , Hall Nathan D. , Patel Jinesh , McElroy J. Scott 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAdvanced sequencing techniques have improved the ability to identify and understand target‐site resistance in herbicide‐resistant species. Despite innovations in sequencing, polyploid species can still face issues that are typically not seen in diploid species, often because of the presence of conflicting subgenomes. Further confounding the difficulties of polyploidy is the α‐tubulin gene, which has subgenomic duplication of gene family copies. Poa annua L., an allotetraploid, is a persistent weed in turfgrass that has developed resistance to multiple herbicide modes of action, including mitotic‐inhibiting herbicides. Sequencing α‐tubulin cannot be performed by simple Sanger sequencing to identify target‐site mutations because of frequent nucleotide conflictions between the numerous α‐tubulin copies present on both subgenomes, which was illustrated by vector cloning in combination with Sanger. Improved sequencing is needed to understand resistance to mitotic‐inhibiting herbicides. Amplicon sequencing via Illumina technology was used to identify target‐site mutations. Eighty‐two populations resistant to mitotic‐inhibiting herbicides were sequenced via next‐generation sequencing. Seventy‐five populations presented with the known single nucleotide polymorphism, Thr239Ile. The ability to successfully sequence and analyze α‐tubulin data provides a vehicle for further insight into herbicide resistance.
Pneumatosis intestinalis in abdominal CT: predictors of short-term mortality in patients with clinical suspicion of mesenteric ischemia
Authors: Graber Simon D. , Sinz Stefanie , Turina Matthias , Alkadhi Hatem 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) in the bowel wall demonstrated in computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen is unspecific and its prognostic relevance remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of short-term mortality in patients with suspected mesenteric ischemia who were referred to abdominal CT and showed PI.

Methods
In this retrospective, IRB-approved, single-centre study, CT scans and electronic medical records of 540 patients who were referred to abdominal CT with clinical suspicion of mesenteric ischemia were analysed. 109/540 (20%) patients (median age 66 years, 39 females) showed PI. CT findings were correlated with surgical and pathology reports (if available), with clinical and laboratory findings, and with patient history. Short-term outcome was defined as survival within 30 days after CT.

Results
PI was found in the stomach (n = 6), small bowel (n = 65), and colon (n = 85). Further gas was found in mesenteric (n = 54), portal (n = 19) and intrahepatic veins (n = 36). Multivariate analysis revealed that PI in the colon [odds ratio (OR) 2.86], elevated blood AST levels (OR 3.00), and presence of perfusion inhomogeneities in other abdominal organs (OR 3.38) were independent predictors of short-term mortality. Surgery had a positive effect on mortality (88% lower likelihood of mortality), similar to the presence of abdominal pain (65% lower likelihood).

Conclusions
Our study suggests that in patients referred for abdominal CT with clinical suspicion of mesenteric ischemia, location of PI in the colon, elevation of blood AST, and presence of perfusion inhomogeneities in parenchymatous organs are predictors of short-term mortality.

Graphical abstract
Occupational Therapy Interventions Using New Technologies in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review
Authors: Domínguez-Lucio S. , Compañ-Gabucio L. M. , Torres-Collado L. , de la Hera M. García 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNew technologies (NT) are increasingly used in Occupational Therapy (OT) interventions in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We conducted a scoping review to describe OT interventions investigated in scientific literature which use NT in children and adolescents with ASD. Two authors independently searched the scientific databases PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science, carried out a peer-review screening of articles and extracted data. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. OT interventions lasted between 1 week and 12 months, consisted of between 1 session per day and 5 sessions per week, were carried out exclusively by an occupational therapist, and the most used NT was the computer (n = 12). The duration of the interventions and assessment measures used varied greatly between studies.
Large-scale surgical workflow segmentation for laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy
Authors: Zhang Yitong , Bano Sophia , Page Ann-Sophie , Deprest Jan , Stoyanov Danail , Vasconcelos Francisco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeLaparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is the gold standard procedure for the management of vaginal vault prolapse. Studying surgical skills and different approaches to this procedure requires an analysis at the level of each of its individual phases, thus motivating investigation of automated surgical workflow for expediting this research. Phase durations in this procedure are significantly larger and more variable than commonly available benchmarks such as Cholec80, and we assess these differences.MethodologyWe introduce sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models for coarse-level phase segmentation in order to deal with highly variable phase durations in Sacrocolpopexy. Multiple architectures (LSTM and transformer), configurations (time-shifted, time-synchronous), and training strategies are tested with this novel framework to explore its flexibility.ResultsWe perform 7-fold cross-validation on a dataset with 14 complete videos of sacrocolpopexy. We perform both a frame-based (accuracy, F1-score) and an event-based (Ward metric) evaluation of our algorithms and show that different architectures present a trade-off between higher number of accurate frames (LSTM, Mode average) or more consistent ordering of phase transitions (Transformer). We compare the implementations on the widely used Cholec80 dataset and verify that relative performances are different to those in Sacrocolpopexy.ConclusionsWe show that workflow segmentation of Sacrocolpopexy videos has specific challenges that are different to the widely used benchmark Cholec80 and require dedicated approaches to deal with the significantly larger phase durations. We demonstrate the feasibility of seq2seq models in Sacrocolpopexy, a broad framework that can be further explored with new configurations. We show that an event-based evaluation metric is useful to evaluate workflow segmentation algorithms and provides complementary insight to the more commonly used metrics such as accuracy or F1-score.
A Combination of Aerobic Exercise at Fatmax and Low Resistance Training Increases Fat Oxidation and Maintains Muscle Mass, in Women Waiting for Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Picó-Sirvent Inés , Manresa-Rocamora Agustín , Aracil-Marco Adolfo , Moya-Ramón Manuel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is no consensus on the best exercise recommendation for women affected by severe obesity while they are waiting for bariatric surgery. For this reason, the effects of a combination of aerobic exercise performed at the intensity at which maximal fat oxidation is reached (Fatmax) with low-intensity resistance training were studied.

Materials and Methods
Twenty sedentary middle-aged Caucasian women (43.2 ± 7.5 years, BMI = 46.5 ± 5.9 kg·m−2) were allocated to a control group (CG, n = 10) that followed solely the conventional preoperative care or to an experimental group (EG, n = 10) that, in addition, performed a 12-week individualized and supervised physical activity program (PAP) that combined aerobic training at Fatmax with low-intensity resistance training.

Results
After the PAP, maximal fat oxidation during exercise increased in the EG (0.187 ± 0.068 vs 0.239 ± 0.080 g·min-1, p = 0.025, pre vs. post, respectively), but resting fat oxidation did not (0.088 ± 0.034 vs 0.092 ± 0.029 g·min-1, p = 0.685, pre vs. post, respectively). Additionally, the resting metabolic rate in the EG was also unchanged (1869 ± 406 vs. 1894 ± 336 kcal; p = 0.827, pre vs. post, respectively), probably because of the effects of resistance training on the maintenance of fat-free mass. No significant changes were observed in the CG.

Conclusion
A PAP that combines aerobic exercise at Fatmax with low resistance training may counteract some of the deleterious side effects of the standard presurgical care of women waiting for bariatric surgery and increase maximal fat oxidation during exercise.

Graphic Abstract
Molecular Biomarkers in Sinonasal Cancers: New Frontiers in Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Turri-Zanoni Mario , Gravante Giacomo , Castelnuovo Paolo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Sinonasal tumors are rare and heterogeneous diseases which pose challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Despite significant progress made in surgical, oncological, and radiotherapy fields, their prognosis still remains poor. Therefore, alternative strategies should be studied in order to refine diagnosis and improve patient care.

Recent Findings
In recent years, in-depth molecular studies have identified new biological markers, such as genetic abnormalities and epigenetic variations, which have allowed to refine diagnosis and predict prognosis. As a consequence, new histological entities have been described and specific subgroup stratifications within the well-known histotypes have been made possible. These discoveries have expanded indications for immunotherapy and targeted therapies in order to reduce tumor spread, thus representing a valuable implementation of standard treatments.

Summary
Recent findings in molecular biology have paved the way for better understanding and managing such rare and aggressive tumors. Although further efforts need to be made in this direction, expectations are promising.
Molecular Subgroups of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: Biology and Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: Weber Theresa , Schmitz Roland 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Genomic analyses have immensely advanced our conception of the heterogeneity of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), resulting in subgroups with distinct molecular profiles. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the biology of DLBCL complexity and discuss the potential implications for precision medicine.

Recent Findings
During the last two decades, gene expression profiling, copy number analysis, and high throughput sequencing enabled the identification of molecular subclasses of DLBCL that are biologically and clinically meaningful. The resulting classifications provided novel prospects of diagnosis, prognostication, and therapeutic strategies for this aggressive disease.

Summary
The molecular characterization of DLBCL offers unprecedented insights into the biology of these lymphomas that can guide precision medicine. The knowledge of the molecular setup of an individual DLBCL patients enables prognostication of patients and will be useful to stratify patients in clinical trials. Future direction should focus to implement the molecular classifications of DLBCL in the clinical practice to evaluate their significance and scope using real-world data.
Assignment of Ala, Ile, LeuproS, Met, and ValproS methyl groups of the protruding domain of murine norovirus capsid protein VP1 using methyl–methyl NOEs, site directed mutagenesis, and pseudocontact shifts
Authors: Maass Thorben , Westermann Leon Torben , Creutznacher Robert , Mallagaray Alvaro , Dülfer Jasmin , Uetrecht Charlotte , Peters Thomas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe protruding domain (P-domain) of the murine norovirus (MNV) capsid protein VP1 is essential for infection. It mediates receptor binding and attachment of neutralizing antibodies. Protein NMR studies into interactions of the P-domain with ligands will yield insights not easily available from other biophysical techniques and will extend our understanding of MNV attachment to host cells. Such studies require at least partial NMR assignments. Here, we describe the assignment of about 70% of the Ala, Ile, LeuproS, Met, and ValproS methyl groups. An unfavorable distribution of methyl group resonance signals prevents complete assignment based exclusively on 4D HMQC-NOESY-HMQC experiments, yielding assignment of only 55 out of 100 methyl groups. Therefore, we created point mutants and measured pseudo contact shifts, extending and validating assignments based on methyl-methyl NOEs. Of note, the P-domains are present in two different forms caused by an approximate equal distribution of trans- and cis-configured proline residues in position 361.
Silicate minerals control the potential uses of phosphorus-laden mineral-engineered biochar as phosphorus fertilizers
Authors: Sornhiran Natcha , Aramrak Surachet , Prakongkep Nattaporn , Wisawapipat Worachart 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSilicate minerals constitute the main components in silicon (Si)-rich biomass, affecting the phosphorus (P) adsorption and release competencies of mineral-engineered biochar; however, the mechanisms underlying their differences remain largely unresolved. To examine these interactions, we investigated the mineralogical compositions and quantified the P-adsorption capacities of Al-, Fe-, Mn-, Zn-, and Mg-engineered biochars from Si-rich rice husk material. The potential uses of P-laden mineral-engineered biochar for P fertilizers were assessed using citric acid extraction. The results from X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry revealed that mixed metal (oxyhydr)oxides and metal-silicate compounds precipitated in the biochar structure and acted as the main P adsorbents. Micro-crystalline silicates derived from the biomass-induced metal-silicate precipitates in all engineered biochars, which effectively retained the aqueous P with varying excellent capacities (25.6–46.5 mg/g) but relatively slow kinetics (48 h). The suitability of the Zn-, Mg-, Mn-, and Fe-biochars as P-recycled fertilizers was confirmed by the high amounts of citric acid extractable P (19–69% of the total P). Varying amounts of Zn, Mg, and Mn (34–47% of the total host metals) were also released from the engineered biochar through ligand-promoted dissolution. Our data shed light on the novel potential utilization of Mn-, Mg- and Zn-biochars from Si-rich biomass for P retrieval and their use for P, Mg, and micronutrient (Mn and Zn) fertilizers. Regarding the P removal capacity, the mineral-engineered biochar needed a longer adsorption period than conventional metal-engineered biochar.
Graphical Abstract
Communitarianism, Properly Understood
Authors: Chang Ya Lan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCommunitarianism has been misunderstood. According to some of its proponents, it supports the ‘Asian values’ argument that rights are incompatible with communitarian Asia because it prioritises the collective interest over individual rights and interests. Similarly, its critics are sceptical of its normative appeal because they believe that communitarianism upholds the community’s wants and values at all costs. I dispel this misconception by providing an account of communitarianism, properly understood. It is premised on the idea that we are partially constituted by our communal attachments, or constitutive communities, which are a source of value to our lives. Given the partially constituted self, communitarianism advances the thin common good of inclusion. In this light, communitarianism, properly understood, is wholly compatible with rights, and is a potent source of solutions to controversial issues that plague liberal societies, such as the right of a religious minority to wear its religious garment in public.