bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, synthesis, and biological studies of the new cysteine-N-arylacetamide derivatives as potent urease inhibitor
Authors: Montazer Mohammad Nazari , Asadi Mehdi , Moradkhani Fatemeh , Omrany Zinat Bahrampour , Mahdavi Mohammad , Amanlou Massoud 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori urease is an effective method in the treatment of a number of gastrointestinal diseases in humans. This bacterium plays an important role in the pathogenesis of gastritis and peptic ulceration. Considering the presence of cysteine and N-arylacetamide derivatives in potent urease inhibitors, here, we designed hybrid derivatives of these pharmacophores. Therefore, cysteine -N-arylacetamide derivatives 5a-l were synthesized through simple nucleophilic reactions with good yield. In vitro urease inhibitory activity assay of these compounds demonstrated that all newly synthesized compounds exhibited high inhibitory activity (IC50 values = 0.35–5.83 µM) when compared with standard drugs (thiourea: IC50 = 21.1 ± 0.11 µM and hydroxyurea: IC50 = 100.0 ± 0.01 µM). Representatively, compound 5e with IC50 = 0.35 µM, was 60-times more potent than strong urease inhibitor thiourea. Enzyme kinetic study of this compound revealed that compound 5e is a competitive urease inhibitor. Moreover, a docking study of compound 5e was performed to explore crucial interactions at the urease active site. This study revealed that compound 5e is capable to inhibit urease by interactions with two crucial residues at the active site: Ni and CME592. Furthermore, molecular dynamics study confirmed the stability of the 5e-urease complex and Ni chelating properties of this compound.
Bundles Reduce Anastomosis Leak in Patients Undergoing Elective Colorectal Surgery a Propensity Score-matched Study
Authors: Baeza-Murcia Melody , Valero-Navarro Graciela , Pellicer-Franco Enrique , Soria-Aledo Victoriano , Mengual-Ballester Monica , Garcia-Marin Jose Andres , Betoret-Benavente Lidia , Aguayo-Albasini Jose Luis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE: anastomosis leak still being a handicap in colorectal surgery. Bowel mechanical preparation and oral antibiotics are not a practice recommended in many clinical practice guides. The aim is to analyze the decrease in frequency and severity of postoperative complications, mainly related to anastomotic leak, after the establishment of a bundle.
METHODS: Single-center, before-after study. A bundle was implemented to reduce anastomotic leaks and their consequences. The Bundle group were matched to Pre-bundle group by propensity score matching. Mechanical bowel preparation, oral and intravenous antibiotics, inflammatory markers measure and early diagnosis algorithm were included at the bubdle.
RESULTS: The bundle group shown fewer complications, especially in Clavien Dindo´s Grade IV complications (23% vs 6.2% p<0.01), as well as a lower rate of anastomotic leakage (15.5% vs 2.2% p<0.01). A significant decrease in reinterventions, less intensive unit care admissions, a shorter hospital stay and fewer readmissions were also observed. In multivariate analysis, the application of a bundle was an anastomotic leakage protective factor (OR 0.121, p>0.05)
CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of our bundle in colorectal surgery which include oral antibiotics, mechanical bowel preparation and inflammatory markers, significantly reduces morbidity adjusted to severity of complications, the anastomotic leakage rate, hospital stay and readmissions.
Construction of an Evaluation Indexes Framework of Primary Care Competencies for Chinese General Practitioners
Authors: LU Zhanghong , ZHU Yaxin , HE Xiaoqin , JIN Song , QU Bo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: The training of general practitioners (GPs) is important for the implementation of a tiered diagnosis and treatment system and realization of Healthy China 2030. A GPs training system in line with Chinese characteristics has been established, of which the standardized residency training program is the most important part. Primary care competencies (PCC) are essential for GPs, but there is a lack of research on the evaluation of PCC for Chinese GPs.
Aim: The study was to construct a more suitable evaluation indexes framework (EIF) of PCC for Chinese GPs by using mixed methods research.
Methods: The research included three steps: (1) Selecting five representative competency frameworks from literature for description, explanation and comparison, extracting evaluation indexes for EIF, and generating an evaluation indexes pool; (2) Using one-to-one in-depth structured interviews with 12 GPs to add new evaluation indexes and generate a preliminary EIF through coding of the interview content; (3) Optimizing the evaluation indexes and determining the EIF by Delphi method consultation with 25 general practice experts.
Results: Five representative competency frameworks of GPs were compared, and sixty-five indexes were selected to establish the evaluation index pool. A preliminary EIF with 120 indexes were generated after in-depth interviews with 12 GPs. These indexeswere refined, leaving 108 indexes for the Delphi process with 25 general practice experts, which produced a final EIF of PCC for GPs including 8 level-1 indexes, 24 level-2 indexes and 76 level-3 indexes.
Conclusion: An evaluation indexes framework of primary care competencies for GPs was established in this study, which had eight level-1 indexes including theoretical knowledge, physical examination, basic skills operation, auxiliary exam interpretation, clinical reasoning, medical documents writing, communication and health management. These represent the primary care competency needs for Chinese GPs.
The Role of Mandibular Disharmony for Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Machine-learning Facial Recognition
Authors: Chen Qi , Liang Zhe , Wang Qing , Ma Chenyao , Lei Yi , Sanderson John E. , Hu Xu , Lin Weihao , Liu Hu , Xie Fei , Jiang Hongfeng , Fang Fang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) relies on time-consuming and complicated procedures which are not always readily available and may delay the diagnosis. With the widespread use of Artificial Intelligence, quick identification with simple clinical information and image recognition pointing at craniofacial features might be a useful tool for self-helped screening of OSA.
Methods: The subjects suspected of OSA receiving sleep examination and frontal photographing were consecutively recruited. Sixty-eight points were labelled with automated identification. An optimized model with facial features and basic clinical information was established and ten-folds cross-validation was performed. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the model’s performance using sleep monitoring as the reference standard.
Results: A total of 653 subjects (77.2% males, 55.3% OSA) were analyzed. CATBOOST was the most suitable algorithm for OSA classification with a sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and AUC of 0.75, 0.66, 0.71 and 0.76 respectively (P<0.05), which was better than STOP-Bang questionnaire, NoSAS scores and Epworth scale. And its advantage was more robust in the prediction of supine sleep apnea with a sensitivity of 0.94. Witnessed apnea by sleep partner was the most powerful variable and followed by body mass index, neck circumference, facial parameters and hypertension.
Conclusion: OSA could be identified by a machine-learning derived model with automatic recognition of facial photo for Chinese adults, which may facilitate screening of suspected subjects in a simple and quick manner by mobile application.
Clinical trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: No. ChiCTR-ROC-17011027 (http://chictr.org.cn.)
Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE) Pollution in Apomu Suburban Area on southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Olatunji Omowunmi Stella , Adeyemi Moyosoluwa Odunayo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE) contaminated soils within urban areas have received global attention. However, little attention is being given to soils of suburban areas, which are also vulnerable to PTE contamination from both natural and unnatural sources. This study was conducted to determine soil quality and PTE pollution sources in soils of Apomu, Southwestern Nigeria. The concentration of PTEs was determined by subjecting soils to elemental analysis using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Pollution indices and health risks were calculated. The results showed the following range of metal concentrations in ppm except for Al (%) in increasing order; Mo (0.58-12.29), Cu (16.65-687.47), Pb (28.64-368.75), Zn (0-9257.30), Ni (7.60-86.20), Mn (403-1756), Cr (26.40-107), Cd (0.20-11.34), and Fe (1.23-4.29). Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) showed that Zn, Pb, Ni and Cu and moderately contaminated with Cd. The Enrichment Factor (EF) revealed minimal to very high enrichment of Cu and Zn; minimal to significant enrichment of Pb and As and a minimal to moderate enrichment of Ni and Co. The geochemical evaluation revealed that soils were heavily contaminated with PTEs which were sourced from geogenic and anthropogenic activities. Approximately 70% of sampling areas exhib[1]ited high potential ecological concerns. The hazard index (HI) values for children and adults were less than one (HI < 1), indicating that there was no major danger of poisoning. Carcinogenic risks for Cd, Ni, and Pb were calculated and found to be within tolerable limits, but children are more susceptible to cancer and non-cancer risks than adults.
Efficient Metrics for Data Recovery at Perception Layer: e-health Case Study
Authors: Afzaal Rabia , Jan Saeedullah , Ponum Mahvish , Sana Saba , Adnan Kiran , Jameel Aqsa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most innovative technologies, which promises to improve and optimize daily life using sensors and smart devices. Semantic Web of Things (SWoT) is an extension of IoT that makes it possible for devices to enhance communication between each other by behaving intelligently. The SWoT comprises seven-layer architecture, where the perception layer is one of the most important layers, which is used for collecting data from devices and for ensuring communication with the devices and associated layer. Due to insufficient resources, unpredictable link, noise, collision, and sensor faults, data loss can occur at sensor nodes of perception. This paper defines the recoverability metric for the perception layer of the SWoT architecture. The contribution of this paper is three folds. First, it describes the main challenges for data communication in the perception layer. Second, it focuses on the recoverability metric that recovers the missing data at the perception layer. Finally, the recoverability metric is evaluated and compared with the ISO-9126-1 standard design quality metrics. To develop the design quality of SWoT, different measures, including efficiency, availability, and recoverability, are considered and proved with e-health case study. The results are statistically proven and demonstrate that the application of the proposed metric can enhance the SWoT performance and overcomes the problem of temporal loss of information.
Ingenuity of overlap esophagojejunostomy using a linear stapler in laparoscopic total or proximal gastrectomy
Authors: Hirahara Noriyuki , Matsubara Takeshi , Hayashi HIkota , Takai Kiyoe , Hyakudomi Ryoji , Yamamoto Tetsu , Zotani Hitomi , Taniura Takahito , Ishitobi Kazunari , Tajima Yoshitsugu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy in laparoscopy-assisted total or proximal gastrectomy is highly difficult. We developed ingenuity of overlap esophagojejunostomy using a linear stapler to avoid stapler-related intraoperative complications.
Methods
After lymph node dissection was completed, the esophagus was transected in the anterior-posterior direction. The jejunum was divided with a linear stapler approximately 20 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz. A small enterotomy was then created at 5 cm distal from the elevated jejunal stump to insert the linear stapler cartridge. A full-thickness incision was created with an electric knife using the tip of the nasogastric tube (NGT) pressed against the posterior wall side of the esophageal stump as a guide. Full-thickness sutures were applied on both the anterior and posterior walls of the entry hole in the esophageal stump to prevent mis-insertion of the anvil fork into the submucosal layer of esophagus. The thread on the posterior wall side was guided to the outside of the abdominal cavity through the port, into which the linear stapler was inserted to perform side-to-side anastomosis. A 45-mm cartridge fork and an anvil fork were inserted to the entry holes of the elevated jejunum and the esophageal stump, respectively. The esophageal stump was gently grasped. The thread on the posterior wall side was pulled from outside of the abdominal cavity through the port to eliminate the gap between the esophageal wall and the jejunal wall. The linear stapler was fired to create anastomosis after confirming that the anvil fork was not mis-inserted into the submucosal layer of esophagus and there was no gap between the esophagus and the elevated jejunum. The insertion hole was closed with hand-sewn sutures or linear staples to complete the esophagojejunostomy.
Results
Seven patients received this procedure with no stapler-related complications.
Conclusions
This method enables us to perform an easier and more stable esophagojejunostomy.
Study on the Influence of Matrix on Mechanical and Failure Properties of Miscellaneous Fill
Authors: Chen Yu , Qu Xiao , Zhang Fuhai , Liu Zhengrong , Wang Jiahui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Urban miscellaneous fill is a particular type of heterogeneous soil with complex structure and various components, and its mechanical and failure properties are related to matrix characteristics. Using the laboratory medium-sized triaxial test, we carried out 100, 200, and 400 kPa confining pressure tests on clay, silt and sand matrix miscellaneous fills with the stone content of 30%, respectively, and analyzed the influence of the matrix on the mechanical properties of the miscellaneous fill. The results reveal that the miscellaneous fill (σ1-σ3)～εa the relation curve can be considered as hyperbola. The miscellaneous fill with clay and silt matrix always shows shear shrinkage. When the confining pressure is 100kPa, the miscellaneous fill with sand matrix shows shear shrinkage first and then shear dilatancy. When the confining pressure is 200 and 400kPa, it shows shear shrinkage. Furthermore，We used the particle flow method to carry out the biaxial test of three kinds of matrix miscellaneous fill under confining pressure of 200kPa, and analyzed the influence of miscellaneous fill on the failure properties. The test result shows that in the initial loading stage, the specimen is dominated by compaction deformation. As the load increases, the deformation of the specimen is dominated by compaction and particle rotation. When the matrix is clay, the shear zone is obvious and the shear failure surface is stable. When the matrix is silt, the contact cracks become thinner and the shear bands increase. When the matrix is sand, compared with clay matrix, the overall crack is finer and the shear fracture surface is irregularly distributed. Relevant research results can provide theoretical guidance for urban miscellaneous fill landfill.
Identification of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs Prognostic Signature in Gastric cancer and Its Impact on the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Jianming , Yang Yan , Li Zuyin , Ding Qi , Song Jiahong , Wan Ziang , Li Tengfei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: There is extensive genetic and transcriptional heterogeneity in Gastric cancer (GC). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that cuproptosis could exert an important function in tumor progression. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)，which exert a pivotal function in the development of GC, especially involving in tumor-associated immune progression. Thus, it is indispensable to establish a cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (crlncRNAs)signature.
Methods: Based on 19 genes associated with cuproptosis, to investigate whether lncRNA was markedly associated with cuproptosis, Pearson correlation analysis came in handy. To identify characteristics of copper death-related lncRNAs and build predictive models, univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis were used to identify 6 key cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (crlncRNAs). To validate the predictive power of the signature, Cox regression on the univariate and multivariate data, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), area under the curve (AUC) are used in the training, testing, and total sets. We further examined the functional enrichment, the status of immune cells, immune cell infiltrations, landscape of mutation status, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score, correlation and drugs sensitivity among the different risk groups.
Results: 16 prognostically related crlncRNAs(PRcrlncRNAs) were filtered to make the prognostic signature, 6 key crlncRNAs were included. The risk score was the independent parameter in predicting OS (Overall survival) according to Cox regression on the univariate and multivariate data and it is acceptable in predicting prognosis concerning the accuracy of the model, which is confirmed by ROC analysis in GC patients. Differences in median OS and PFS (progression-free survival) between high- and low-risk groups were statistically significant. The TIDE score was higher in high-risk patients, which could predict less chemosensitivity with some drugs in the light of the TIDE analysis.
Conclusions: Our study is innovative to develop and validate a novel STAD-associated crlncRNAs model that could effectively instruct the prognosis, as well as participating in the immune microenvironment in STAD, which would provide a new insight in the development of molecularly targeted therapies associated to cuproptosis.
Effect of water vapour and oxygen partial pressure on oxidation of Fe and Fe-Cr alloys
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Shen Zhao , Zhang Jianqiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pure iron and binary Fe-Cr alloys containing 5-30 wt% Cr were exposed to Ar-20O2, Ar-20H2O and Ar-20O2-20H2O (vol%) for 10, 100 and 300 h at 700°C. For pure iron, three typical oxides (Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and FeO) were formed in all gas conditions with a thick FeO layer beneath the thin Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 layers. The presence of water vapor led to a thicker FeO with an increased adherence with the metal surface. For Cr-containing alloys, the oxidation kinetics and oxide morphologies depended strongly on reaction condition (water vapor and pO2) and Cr concentration. Water vapor was found to markedly accelerate the oxidation rate and increase the critical Cr concentration for protective chromia formation, from 10-20 wt% Cr in the dry gas to more than 30 wt% Cr in both wet gases. In addition, water vapor enhanced the oxygen inward diffusion and oxygen permeability, leading to the formation of a thicker inner oxide layer and better scale adherence. By comparing results in H2O-only and H2O + O2 gases, the change of oxygen partial pressure did not affect much on the oxidation rate, but affected the scale morphology by forming much less Fe2O3 on the top of oxide scale in H2O-only gas. For high Cr alloys where a chromia scale can form, the co-existence of water vapor and oxygen led to chromia volatilization, reducing the stability of the chromia. These phenomena were discussed based on the interaction of water vapor on diffusion processes and its effect on oxide formation and stability.
Heavy Metal Concentration and Pollution Status of Cross River in Afikpo Catchment Area, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Anya Chibuike Benjamin , Odo Gregory Ejikeme 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Heavy metals are notable chemicals that threaten river ecosystems and freshwater supplies from surface waters. The levels of some heavy metals-Mn, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr and As-in Cross River were monitored over twelve months in 2018 to establish the pollution status and potability of the river. Water and sediment samples were collected from three stations of the river and analysed according to standard procedures. The result reveals that the heavy metals detected in the surface water and bottom sediment of the river showed temporal patterns of variation. The decreasing order of heavy metal concentration in the water was Fe > As > Pb > Zn > Mn > Cr > Cu, while that of the sediment was Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > As > Cr > Cu. The bottom sediment was observed to contain higher concentrations of heavy metals than the surface water, signifying the accumulation of these chemicals in the bottom sediment. Fe, Pb, As and Cr in the surface water correlated significantly (p < 0.05) and positively with their respective type in the bottom sediment. Most of the heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Pb, As and Cr) were detected at higher levels above the SON, WHO, EU and USEPA permissible limits, hence, the water was polluted with these metals and that made the potability of the river objectionable.
Gene detection in a family with monilethrix and observation of the treatment effect with 5% topical minoxidil
Authors: Shen Qingli , Fu Zhonghua , Du Pengqiang , Wang Jianbo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

ObjectiveTo determine the causative gene mutation in a family with monilethrix and observe the therapeutic effect of minoxidil topical, 5% liniment.MethodClinical data from a family with monilethrix were collected. Peripheral blood samples were taken from the proband, the parents, and 100 unrelated healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted. The genetic variation sites were screened with genome-wide exome sequencing and verified by Sanger sequencing. The proband was treated with minoxidil topical, 5% liniment (1mL twice daily). Hair quality was examined by dermoscopy before and after treatment.ResultsThe proband and her father have the heterozygous missense variant c.1204G>A (p.E402K) in exon 9 of theKRT86gene. However, the mutation was not found in the mother and healthy controls. The proband was treated with minoxidil topical, 5% liniment. Hair density and hair shaft quality improved significantly after six months of treatment. No adverse events occurred during treatment.ConclusionThis study shows that p.E402K is a mutation “hotspot” in patients with autosomal dominant monilethrix in China. Treatment with topical minoxidil, 5% liniment, is safe and effective.
Augmented reality HUD vs. conventional HUD to perform a navigation task in a complex driving situation
Authors: Chauvin Christine , Said Farida , Langlois Sabine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aims at investigating the added value of an augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD) in relation to a conventional head-up display (C-HUD) to perform navigation tasks in a complex road situation. The notion of complexity was defined according to two main factors: infrastructure and traffic. It was used to identify and select real road situations presenting different sources of complexity. This study focuses on one of these situations, which was reproduced on a simulator and broken down into three use cases. A total of 32 participants performed three navigation tasks, using the AR-HUD or the C-HUD. Both objective and subjective data were collected. Data analyses, using linear mixed model analyses of variance and multilevel logistic regression, indicate a slight advantage of the AR-HUD. Participants using the AR-HUD make fewer errors and drive faster on average. Moreover, the AR-HUD is assessed to be more useful and easier to understand than the C-HUD. However, this interface shows limitations, in particular because it does not enable drivers to anticipate the manoeuvre to be conducted. The study raises questions about the design of an instrument system that would help drivers not only identify, but also build a representation of a forthcoming manoeuvre to be performed.