bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
АНАЛІЗ ТОЧНОСТІ ВІДТВОРЕННЯ ФУНКЦІЇ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ МЕХАНІЗМОМ ТРЕТЬОГО КЛАСУ ДЛЯ КОЛИВАЛЬНОГО РУХУ ВУШКОВИХ ГОЛОК ОСНОВОВ’ЯЗАЛЬНОЇ МАШИНИ
Authors: Дворжак Володимир , Манойленко Олександр , Крикун Євгеній , Клинников Антон 
Published: September 2022

Мета. Вдосконалення методів розрахунку та дослідження цільових механізмів машин для індустрії моди з використанням прикладних CAD-програм.
Методика. Використані апарат векторної алгебри; метод векторного перетворення координат для кінематичного розрахунку плоских механізмів зі структурними групами третього класу; аналітичний метод диференціювання для визначення похибки положення механізму третього класу з обертальними кінематичними парами.
Результати. Отримані розрахункові вирази для визначення функції положення вушкових голок, визначені первинні похибки механізму, а також похибки положення, викликані безпосередньо первинними похибками механізму вушкових голок основов’язальної машини, який побудований на базі багатоланкового плоского механізму зі структурними групами 3-го класу 3-го порядку з обертальними кінематичними парами, у функції кута повороту ведучого кривошипа. Визначені граничні значення похибок положення Δmax та Δmin гребінки з вушковими голками у проекціях на осі координат та за абсолютною величиною.
Наукова новизна. Виконаний порівняльний аналіз точності відтворення функції положення синтезованим шестиланковим механізмом третього класу та базовим восьмиланковим механізмом другого класу основов’язальної машини, у результаті якого встановлено, що синтезований механізм точніше відтворює функцію положення, ніж базовий механізм.
Практична значимість. Запропонований порядок розрахунку на точність синтезованого шестиланкового механізму 3-го класу з обертальними кінематичними парами диференціальним методом для автоматизованого комп’ютерного розрахунку в CAD-програмах. Створені програмні блоки для автоматизованого комп’ютерного розрахунку на точність в Mathcad. Отримані резуль­тати можуть бути використані для моделювання, розрахунку та конструювання багатоланкових плоских механізмів зі структурними групами 3-го класу 3-го порядку з обертальними кінематичними парами та подібних цільових важільних механізмів вищих класів машин для індустрії моди.
Indentation size effect when measuring Vickers hardness
Authors: Moshchenok Vasyl Ivanovich , Moshchenok Vasyl Vasilovich 
Published: September 2022

Problem. An important aspect in the study of hardness using the Vickers pyramid is to take into account the indentation size effect. When measuring the hardness by the Vickers method, the applied load is divided by the surface area of the impression. A significant factor influencing the conformity of the hardness measurement results is the indentation size effect. The indentation size effect significantly affects the results of hardness measurements, changing their values by 20-60%. The widespread use of hardness tests is explained by a number of their advantages over other types of mechanical tests. However, to date there are a number of problems in determining the hardness of metals and alloys, for example, it is believed that the hardness of metals is a constant, but in practice the hardness depends on the load. The indenter indentation into the surface of the material is carried out in each method of determining hardness with different loads. The force of loading on the indenter depends on the properties of the material, the size of the prototype and other experimental factors. In turn, Vickers hardness also depends significantly on the load on the indenter. This phenomenon is called "indentation size effect". Goal. The purpose of the study is to assess the nature of the change in hardness with increasing load on the indenter using the functional dependence of hardness on the depth of indenter insertion. Methodology. The study was conducted on three metal samples according to ISO 6507. Results.1. In the study of the dependence of Vickers hardness on the load of samples with 12Х18Н10Т, МА21, БрО5Ц5С5 the direct dimensional effect (indentation size effect) is obviously shown. This indicates that as the load increases during the measurements, the hardness of the materials decreases significantly. 2. In the study of the dependence of Vickers hardness on the load of sample 12Х18Н10Т, it was found that with increasing load from 29N to 196N, the hardness decreases from 252HV29 / 10 to 200HV196 / 10- by 21%. 3. In the study of the dependence of Vickers hardness on the load of sample MA21, it was found that with increasing load from 24N to 196N, the hardness decreases from 128HV24 / 10 to 69HV196 / 10-47%. 4. In the study of the dependence of Vickers hardness on the load of sample БрО5Ц5С5, it was found that with increasing load from 19N to 49N, the hardness decreases from 211HV19 / 10 to 85HV49 / 10- 60%. 5. An increase in Vickers hardness values with a decrease in the test load on the indenter should be kept in mind, especially when studying metals and alloys in the micro- and nanoranges. Originality. A mathematical dependence of hardness on the load was obtained, which demonstrates a decrease in hardness with increasing load. This dependence is also quantitatively shown on various metal alloys. Practical value. The application of the proposed method of studying the dependence of hardness on the load will ensure a more reliable qualitative assessment of metals and their products.
Determining Diabetes Risk and Health Literacy Levels in Individuals Aged 45 and Above: A Descriptive Correlational Study
Authors: TOPUZ İbrahim , GÖZÜM Sebahat 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine actual and perceived diabetes risk in individuals aged ≥45 and their health literacy levels.
Methods and Materials: The study is of descriptive, correlational design and was conducted with 82 university staff members of ages ≥45 years. Along with Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC), was used to collect data of the question, “Please comment on your diabetes risk?” and the Health Literacy Scale for Turkey (HLST-32).
Results: About of twenty-six percent for the participants exhibited a high/very high actual diabetes mellitus risk. A positive and significant correlation was found between the participants’ actual and perceived risk of diabetes mellitus (r=0.771, p
E-learning for Prisoners. Experience from Sweden, Norway, Poland, Finland and Germany
Authors: Becker-Pestka Daria Joanna 
Published: September 2022

In the following article a discussion on the use of e-learning in education of convicts is presented. The topic discussed by the Author is connected with the fact that the use of new media in education at present has become a common solution applied also to educate inmates. E-learning is a current form of education andvocational training. It provides improvement of contemporary culture in education applied at penitentiary institutions to educate convicts. E-learning helps and lets prisoners obtain education and to update education differences. As a method of education, it requires users’ autonomy and self-discipline while working with the use of digital platforms. Education must respond to different needs expressed by the evolving knowledge society. It mainly concerns education of people at risk of social exclusion, e.g. convicts. It is related to the need of dealing with and solving problems that pertain to such issues as increasing possibilities of the media in the area of generating, processing and creating information. The aim of the article is also to describe the use of e-learning in European countries such as Sweden, Norway, Poland, Finland and Germany. These countries were selected for the analysis because they appreciate modern technologies in penitentiary work. They change and develop the solutions. The experience in the use of e-learning in penitentiary work with inmates in Sweden, Norway, Poland, Finland and Germany is different. The aim of the article is also to show how modern technology can be applied in working with convicts. E-learning becomes a tool used for preventing exclusion. Development of various technologies makes it possible to support convicts and prison staff members in the process involving correctional activities. Technologies offer a chance to return or to start work, to continue education, to meet the needs of one’s family, to have an active life in accordance with the social principles after leaving prison. E-learning provides people who have been isolated in prison with a real chance to acquire qualifications. Hence, social issues, family interests, individual interests, business and modern technological solutions are combined in the same field. Coherent and efficient activities come as a challenge to those who perform them and to the society; however, these activities support the process of social rehabilitation.
CARBONO NO SOLO E NO ESTRATO ARBÓREO EM ÁREAS DE MANEJO DE FLORESTAS NATIVAS NO CERRADO
Authors: Andrade Thiago Gomes , Limeira Mathaus Messias Coimbra , Coelho Maria Cristina Bueno , Varavallo Maurilio Antônio , Ataide Yandro Santa Brigida , Santos André Ferreiras dos 
Published: September 2022

Áreas nativas sob manejo florestal são importantes no processo de estocagem de carbono da atmosfera, podendo contribuir de maneira substancial nesse processo e diminuir exploração ilegal. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o estoque de carbono aéreo e nas camadas superficial e subsuperficial do solo em área de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Aluvial alterada no município de Dueré, estado do Tocantins. Os dados foram obtidos através de inventário florestal no ano de 2018 utilizando um delineamento amostral sistemático em faixas, onde foram alocadas 22 unidades amostrais de 20x50 m (1000 m²) em 5 faixas na área de estudo, totalizando uma área amostral de 2,2 hectares. As amostras de solo foram coletadas nas camadas de 0-20 cm (superficial) e 20-40 cm, (subsuperficial) foram coletadas 22 amostras de solo para cada camada. A determinação do carbono orgânico aéreo foi obtida através da equação desenvolvida por Higuchi (1998). Para a determinação do carbono do solo foi utilizada a densidade do solo bem como os seus teores de carbonos equivalentes, nas profundidades de 0-20 e 20-40 cm.
Palavras-chave: inventário florestal; estrato arbóreo; ciclagem de nutrientes.

Carbon in the soil and in the arborous status in management areas of native forests in the Cerrado

ABSTRACT: Native areas under forest management are important in the process of carbon storage in the atmosphere, and can contribute substantially in this process and reduce illegal exploitation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the aerial carbon stock and the superficial andsubsurface layer of the Aluvial Seasonal Semideciduous Forest area altered in the municipality of Dueré, State of Tocantins. The data were monitored through the forest inventory in 2018, using a systematic sampling design in bands, where 22 samples of 20x50 m (1000 m²) were allocated in 5 bands in the study area, totaling a sample area of 2.2 hectares. As soil samples were collected in the 0-20 cm (superficial) and 20-40 cm (subsurface layer), 22 soil samples were collected for each layer. The determination of aerial organic carbon was used by the equation developed by Higuchi (1998). To determine soil carbon, the density of the soil was used, as well as its equivalent carbon content, at depths of 0-20 and 20-40 cm.
Keyword: forest inventory; arboreal extract; nutrient cycling.
Особливості формування та реалізації державної регуляторної політики у сфері оподаткування під час воєнного стану
Authors: Дурман Микола , Дурман Олена 
Published: September 2022

В статті розглядаються питання формування та реалізації державної регуляторної політики у сфері оподаткування в умовах воєнної агресії Російської Федерації проти України та запровадження на нашій території воєнного стану. Вказано, що державна регуляторна політика здійснює цей вплив через різні механізми державного правління – організаційні, нормативно-правові, інформаційні тощо. Меншими одиницями таких впливів виступають інструменти та форми державного регулювання.
Кожен з цих інструментів має свій регуляторний вплив на певну сферу регулювання або на декілька сфер одночасно.З початком повномасштабного вторгнення Росії в Україну під удар попала велика кількість підприємств різного розміру – від великих бюджетоутворюючих для міст до маленьких, на яких працювало 5-10 робітників, включаючи адміністративний персонал. Вони були змушені зупинити виробництво з різних причин – від повного руйнування виробничих та складських приміщень і обладнання (внаслідок бомбардувань, ракетних обстрілів та пожеж, спричинених цими діями), руйнування допоміжної інфраструктури (транспортне сполучення, водопровід, водовідведення, електроенергія тощо) до відтоку кваліфікованих кадрів в інші регіони України або за кордон (що пов’язане з призовом чоловіків до Збройних сил України та інших воєнізованих формувань чи з евакуацією жінок з дітьми в безпечні місця, подалі від бойових дій та руйнувань).Для зменшення майбутніх втрат від руйнувань інфраструктури чи припинення або скорочення підприємницької діяльності необхідно розробляти, приймати та реалізовувати нестандартні рішення, що повинні сприяти створенню максимально сприятливих умов для ведення бізнесу. Це пропонується робити шляхом формування нових підходів до державної регуляторної політики у сфері оподаткування (державної податкової політики) та їх реалізації на державному рівні та рівні органів місцевого самоврядування (територіальних громад).Розглянуто нормативно-правові документи, якими зменшується податкове навантаження на великий бізнес та підприємців, а також спрощуються процеси адміністрування податків та ведення податкової звітності. Такі регуляторні дії дозволили дещо покращити ведення бізнесу в Україні в особливих умовах воєнного стану, проте ці ж дії призвели до суттєвого дисбалансу в Державному та місцевих бюджетах. Тому слід більш сфері оподаткування через запровадження пільг по сплаті податків, що зараховуються до державного та місцевого бюджетів. Особливо неприпустимим є ситуація, коли держава зменшує дохідну частину місцевих бюджетів не передбачаючи компенсаторних механізмів.У висновку зазначається, що режим функціонування економіки в умовах воєнного стану вимагає нестандартних рішень, які повинні сприяти створенню максимально сприятливих умов для ведення бізнесу з одночасним збереженням надходжень до бюджетів різних рівнів. При цьому накопичений досвід та реальне впровадження нових регуляторних механізмів стане «драйвером» економічного відновлення у як під час воєнного стану, так і в повоєнний період.
Optimization of spray-drying process parameters on strawberry (Fragaria ananassa D.) extracts microcapsules quality
Authors: Castaño-Peláez Hader , Rodríguez Misael Cortés , Gil G. Jesús H. , López Gloria L. , Ortega-Toro Rodrigo 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: The strawberry is a fruit with great acceptance by the consumer due to its pleasant flavor and functionality; It is rich in vitamin C, tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, catechin, quercetin and kaempferol, organic acids and minerals. OBJETIVE: The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of the feed formulation and the spray-drying process on the quality of strawberry extract microcapsules (EMs). METHODS: The response surface methodology was used with a central composite design centered on the face (α= 1), considering the factors: maltodextrin (MD), inlet air temperature (IAT), outlet air temperature (OAT) and atomizing disk speed (ADS), and the response variables: humidity (Xw), water activity (aw), solubility (S), wettability ( We), hygroscopicity (Hy), bulk density ( ρb), compacted density ( ρc), total phenols (TP), antioxidant capacity, angle of repose (AR), strawberry powder particle size (D[3 ;2]), color (CIE-Lab), and process yield (Y). RESULTS: The aw and Xw values guarantee microbiological stability and control over degradation reactions in EMs. For the levels evaluated, the S was affected by OAT and ADS, and interaction IAT*MD, ADS*MD, IAT2, and MD2. The We depended on the factors IAT, OAT, and the interactions IAT*OAT and IAT*MD. ABTS activity was affected by the factors ADS, ADS*MD and IAT2. The Y was affected by OAT, MD, IAT*OAT, IOT*ADS, IOT*MD, OAT*ADS, ADS*MD, IOT2, and OAT2. The increase in MD caused a decrease in Hy. The value of L* was affected by ADS and MD, effects due to temperature did not affect the levels evaluated, and chromaticity a* was positively affected by the increase in ADS. IAT and MD presented a statistical effect on AR. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental optimization reached a desirability of 73.7%, being the optimal conditions: IAT (154°C), OAT (89°C), ADS (16,805 rpm), and MD (11.5%).
IsaNet: A framework for verifying secure data plane protocols
Authors: Klenze Tobias , Sprenger Christoph , Basin David 
Published: September 2022

Today’s Internet is built on decades-old networking protocols that lack scalability, reliability and security. In response, the networking community has developed path-aware Internet architectures that solve these problems while simultaneously empowering end hosts to exert some control on their packets’ route through the network. In these architectures, autonomous systems authorize forwarding paths in accordance with their routing policies, and protect these paths using cryptographic authenticators. For each packet, the sending end host selects an authorized path and embeds it and its authenticators in the packet header. This allows routers to efficiently determine how to forward the packet. The central security property of the data plane, i.e., of forwarding, is that packets can only travel along authorized paths. This property, which we call path authorization, protects the routing policies of autonomous systems from malicious senders. The fundamental role of packet forwarding in the Internet’s ecosystem and the complexity of the authentication mechanisms employed call for a formal analysis. We develop IsaNet, a parameterized verification framework for data plane protocols in Isabelle/HOL. We first formulate an abstract model without an attacker for which we prove path authorization. We then refine this model by introducing a Dolev–Yao attacker and by protecting authorized paths using (generic) cryptographic validation fields. This model is parametrized by the path authorization mechanism and assumes five simple verification conditions. We propose novel attacker models and different sets of assumptions on the underlying routing protocol. We validate our framework by instantiating it with nine concrete protocol variants and prove that they each satisfy the verification conditions (and hence path authorization). The invariants needed for the security proof are proven in the parametrized model instead of the instance models. Our framework thus supports low-effort security proofs for data plane protocols. In contrast to what could be achieved with state-of-the-art automated protocol verifiers, our results hold for arbitrary network topologies and sets of authorized paths.
Dying with Parkinson’s Disease: Healthcare Utilization and Costs in the Last Year of Life
Authors: Zwicker Jocelyn , Qureshi Danial , Talarico Robert , Webber Colleen , Watt Christine , Kim WooJin , Milani Christina , Ramanathan Usha , Mestre Tiago , Tanuseputro Peter 
Published: September 2022

Background: The end-of-life period is associated with disproportionately higher health care utilization and cost at the population level but there is little data in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective: The goals of this study were to 1) compare health care use and associated cost in the last year of life between decedents with and without PD, and 2) identify factors associated with palliative care consultation and death in hospital. Methods: Using linked administrative datasets held at ICES, we conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study of all Ontario, Canada decedents from 2015 to 2017. We examined demographic data, rate of utilization across healthcare sectors, and cost of health care services in the last year of life. Results: We identified 291,276 decedents of whom 12,440 (4.3%) had a diagnosis of PD. Compared to decedents without PD, decedents with PD were more likely to be admitted to long-term care (52% vs. 23%, p < 0.001) and received more home care (69.0 vs. 41.8 days, p < 0.001). Receipt of palliative homecare or physician palliative home consultation were associated with lower odds of dying in hospital (OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.19– 0.30, and OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.33– 0.43, respectively). Mean cost of care in the last year of life was greater for decedents with PD ($68,391 vs. $59,244, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Compared to individuals without PD, individuals with PD have higher rates of long-term care, home care and higher health care costs in the last year of life. Palliative care is associated with a lower rate of hospital death.
Research on the Construction of Fitness Courses in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Lifelong Physical Exercise
Authors: Liu Shuang 
Published: September 2022

Currently, colleges and universities are paying more and more attention to cultivate students' consciousness of lifelong physical exercise. Many colleges and universities will bring fitness into the physical education curriculum system, so that more and more students realize that fitness can not only enhance students' physical fitness, but also help students shape a perfect body shape, and benefit students for life. However, there are some problems in the construction of fitness courses in universities, which hinder the effective development of fitness courses in universities. Based on this, the writer discusses the feasibility, significance and current situation of the construction of fitness courses in colleges and universities in the perspective of lifelong physical training, and puts forward the construction strategy of fitness courses in colleges and universities in the perspective of lifelong physical training.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SWEET POTATOES PRODUCTION IN OGBARU L.G.A OF ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: ONUBOGU ONYINYECHUKWU HOPE , OSEGBUE EBELE. G. , ODOGWU IFEANYI. E 
Published: September 2022

We examined the performance of sweet potatoes production in Anambra State, Nigeria. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques, SWOT analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The finding confirmed sweet potato production as a source of livelihood engaged by mostly educated married farmers, with average age of 40 years, farming experience of 4 years and average farm size of 3.6 plots. Personal saving was their main source of capital, while an average of 9.5bags/plot of sweet potatoes were harvested. The selling price was N3,240.75/bag, average total cost was ₦11,218.70/plot, average total revenue was ₦30,800/plot, Net farm income was ₦19,581.30/plot while the return on investment was ₦1.75. The strengths of sweet potatoes farming included high yield, adaptability, availability of planting materials and market, while the weaknesses were lack of information, its sweet nature, and low price at harvest. The opportunities included sweet potatoes awareness creation, taking advantage of the diversified uses/varieties of sweet potatoes, and commercialization. The potential threats were its perishable nature, consumer perception, lack of financial support, and possibility of consumers changing their taste. Marital status, farming experience, quantity harvested, and selling price had positive effect on farmers’ net income while total cost of production impacted it negatively. Lack of improved variety, and high cost of labour, were some constraints identified. The study concluded that Sweet potato farming is profitable and recommended that more awareness on its nutritional value, diversified uses, commercialization and varieties should be created by relevant bodies. Also, farmers should be supported financially and encouraged to expand their scale of production since sweet potato production is profitable.
Key words: sweet potatoes, performance, SWOT, livelihood, opportunities