bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannabinoid consumption among cancer patients receiving systemic anti-cancer treatment in the Netherlands
Authors: Oelen Yrina , Revenberg Sven , de Vos-Geelen Judith , van Geel Robin , Schoenmaekers Janna , van den Beuken-Everdingen Marieke , Valkenburg-van Iersel Liselot 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the inconclusiveness regarding health effects of cannabinoids among cancer patients, studies from non-European countries suggest that the medical-intended consumption of such products by this patient group is significant. The current study analyses cannabinoid usage among oncology patients receiving systemic treatment in the Netherlands.

Methods
The current study included adult patients receiving intravenous systemic therapy at Maastricht Comprehensive Cancer Centre, for a solid malignancy. Participants were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire including questions on demographic variables, clinical variables and cannabinoid consumption.

Results
A total of 153 patients with solid cancer were included in this study. Almost 25% reported usage of cannabinoids for medical purposes, with 15% of the patients currently using the substance. Additionally, 18% of non-users considered future medical usage. In 48% of the cases, consumption was reported by the oncologist. The proposed anti-cancer effect was reported by 46% of the users as motivation for consumption. Current users were mainly palliative patients and 54% of the users were undergoing immunotherapy. Intention of treatment and type of therapy were predictive factors for consumption. Cannabinoid-oil was the most frequently used way of consumption.

Conclusion
This study underlines the high number of cannabinoid users among oncology patients in the Netherlands in presumed absence of clinical guidance. It highlights the essence of a pro-active role of the clinician, assessing cannabinoid usage and educating the patients on the most recent evidence regarding its potential benefits and risks. Further studies on clinical decision making and efficacy of cannabinoids are recommended, to improve clinical guidance.
Two-scale off-and online approaches to geometrically exact elastoplastic rods
Authors: Herrnböck Ludwig , Kumar Ajeet , Steinmann Paul 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work compares two different computational approaches to geometrically exact elastoplastic rods. The first approach applies an elastoplastic constitutive model in terms of stress resultants, i.e. forces and moments. It requires knowledge of the rod’s elasticity and yield-criterion in terms of stress resultants. Furthermore a resultant-type hardening expression must be formulated. These are obtained by integrating elastoplastic stress and hardening measures from three-dimensional continuum mechanics over the rod’s deformed cross-section, which is performed in an offline stage. The second approach applies an $$FE ^2$$

F

E
2

approach as established in computational homogenization. Therein, the macro-scale describing the geometrically exact rod is coupled to the micro-scale, i.e., the cross-section of the rod. A novelty of the presented work is the determination of a hardening tensor for use in the stress resultant approach. The mechanical response of both approaches is first compared on the material point level, a single cross-section of a uniformly strained rod. Later, also the mechanical response and the deformation of finitely and non-uniformly strained rods are investigated.
Epistemic Łukasiewicz logic of partial knowledge
Authors: Nola Antonio Di , Grigolia Revaz , Vitale Gaetano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe offer a new logic, called Epistemic Łukasiewicz logic of partial knowledge that is represented as multimodal epistemic Łukasiewicz logic $$K\text{\L} _\text {P}(n)$$

K

Ł
P

(
n
)

with n knowledge operators $$\Box _i$$

□
i

$$(1 \le i \le n)$$

(
1
≤
i
≤
n
)

interpreted in a non-archimedean monadic MV-algebra. We choose knowledge operators, which can be estimated by some grading (different kinds of knowledge): absolute knowledge or partial knowledge. We consider a very special type of partial knowledge. Actually, we take infinitesimal elements (the radical) of perfect MV-algebras as a range of this estimation. The choice of infinitesimal elements seems suitable for actual situations like a measure of partial information.
Prognostic factors for renal function deterioration during palliative first-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Lim Ah Reum , Kim Jwa Hoon , Hyun Myung Han , Kim Yeul Hong , Lee Soohyeon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
First-line choice of therapy is critical as it affects treatment decisions in later lines in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We assessed changes in renal function for 1 year among patients diagnosed with mCRC who received first-line chemotherapy. We aimed to analyze the prognostic factors and effect of each chemotherapy regimen on the renal function of the patients.

Methods
We retrospectively investigated patients with mCRC who were treated with a standard triplet regimen (FOLFOX/FOLFIRI with bevacizumab/cetuximab) in the first-line setting at Korea University Anam Hospital from 2015 to 2020. We checked renal function at 3-month intervals for 12 months. We calculated changes in eGFR (△eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate) and compared them with clinical factors such as age, sex, chronic disease, body mass index (BMI), disease status, baseline proteinuria, and first-line chemotherapy regimen.

Results
Among 472 patients with mCRC, the median eGFR at baseline was 90.9 mL/min/1.73 m2; it was significantly lower (80.1 mL/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.001) at 12 months after chemotherapy initiation. Particularly, the eGFR of patients treated with FOLFIRI + bevacizumab was 74.9 mL/min/1.73 m2. The 1-year incidence rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) was 9.1%, with the lowest occurrence in patients receiving FOLFOX/cetuximab (2.1%) and the highest in those receiving FOLFIRI + bevacizumab (19.2%). Renal dysfunction was more frequent with FOLFIRI + bevacizumab as compared to the other regimens. Additionally, old age, low BMI, and proteinuria at baseline were also associated with a decreased eGFR.

Conclusions
These findings can serve as important factors when selecting the first-line chemotherapy regimen for patients with mCRC.
Quality outcome of diabetes care during COVID-19 pandemic: a primary care cohort study
Authors: Di Gangi Stefania , Lüthi Benjamin , Diaz Hernandez Laura , Zeller Andreas , Zechmann Stefan , Fischer Roland 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aim
Management of diabetes care can be affected by COVID-19 pandemic control measures. This study aimed to determine the impact of the pandemic, during 17.03.2020–16.03.2021, on quality outcomes of diabetes care in general practice in Switzerland.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, diabetes mellitus patients (≥ 18 years) with at least one consultation at a general practitioner, during 17.03.2018–16.03.2019 (cohort 1) and 17.03.2019–16.03.2020 (cohort 2) were included and followed-up for two years. Quality indicators and outcomes of diabetes care, at patient and practitioner level, were compared before and during the pandemic. Logistic regression was performed to identify patient’s risk factors for dropout from follow-up.

Results
Data from 191 practices, 23,903 patients, cohort 1 and 25,092 patients, cohort 2, were analyzed. The fraction of patients lost to follow-up, attributable to the pandemic, was 28% (95% confidence interval: 25%, 30%). During the pandemic, compared to the previous year, regular measurement of weight, HbA1c, blood pressure and serum creatinine were less frequent and less patients per practitioner reached HbA1c and blood pressure target outcomes. Factors associated with continuity of care during the pandemic were: patient age 41–80 years, longer diabetes duration, diagnosis of hypertension or dyslipidemia, influenza vaccination during the last year. Risk factors for dropout were age > 80 and receiving only insulin as anti-diabetic medication.

Conclusion
A considerable quality reduction in diabetes mellitus care could be observed during the pandemic. Though the most vulnerable patients were not the most affected by the pandemic, key factors that might reduce dropout from follow-up were identified.
Classification of new morbillivirus and jeilongvirus sequences from bats sampled in Brazil and Malaysia
Authors: Wells Heather L. , Loh Elizabeth , Nava Alessandra , Solorio Mónica Romero , Lee Mei Ho , Lee Jimmy , Sukor Jum R. A. , Navarrete-Macias Isamara , Liang Eliza , Firth Cadhla , Epstein Jonathan H. , Rostal Melinda K. , Zambrana-Torrelio Carlos , Murray Kris , Daszak Peter , Goldstein Tracey , Mazet Jonna A. K. , Lee Benhur , Hughes Tom , Durigon Edison , Anthony Simon J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs part of a broad One Health surveillance effort to detect novel viruses in wildlife and people, we report several paramyxovirus sequences sampled primarily from bats during 2013 and 2014 in Brazil and Malaysia, including seven from which we recovered full-length genomes. Of these, six represent the first full-length paramyxovirid genomes sequenced from the Americas, including two that are the first full-length bat morbillivirus genome sequences published to date. Our findings add to the vast number of viral sequences in public repositories, which have been increasing considerably in recent years due to the rising accessibility of metagenomics. Taxonomic classification of these sequences in the absence of phenotypic data has been a significant challenge, particularly in the subfamily Orthoparamyxovirinae, where the rate of discovery of novel sequences has been substantial. Using pairwise amino acid sequence classification (PAASC), we propose that five of these sequences belong to members of the genus Jeilongvirus and two belong to members of the genus Morbillivirus. We also highlight inconsistencies in the classification of Tupaia virus and Mòjiāng virus using the same demarcation criteria and suggest reclassification of these viruses into new genera. Importantly, this study underscores the critical importance of sequence length in PAASC analysis as well as the importance of biological characteristics such as genome organization in the taxonomic classification of viral sequences.
The role of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in exclusion of inguinal hernia in patients suffering from indefinitive groin pain
Authors: Rosbach N. , Wenger-Alakmeh K. , Lahrsow M. , Mahmoudi S. , Bernatz S. , Vogl T. J. , Schreckenbach T. , Pession U. , Gruber-Rouh T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rationale and objectives
The objective of this study was to analyze the role of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients who suffered from groin pain and whose physical examination and ultrasound returned inconclusive/indefinite results, as well as in patients receiving an ongoing assessment for a previous herniotomy.

Material and methods
For this study, 25 patients 14 women and 11 men were selected with a mean age of 41.6 years, including clinical complaints, such as groin pain and or a previous herniotomies. These patients underwent dynamic MRI. Reports were created by a radiology resident and a radiology consultant. Clinical and ultrasound documentation were compared to with imaging results from the MRI.

Results
The results of the dynamic MRI were negative for 23 patients (92%) and positive for two patients (8%). One patient suffered from an indirect hernia and one from a femoral hernia. A repeated hernia was an excluding for the preoperated patients with pain and ongoing assessment.

Conclusions
Dynamic MRI shows substantially higher diagnostic performance in exclusion of inguinal hernia, when compared to a physical examination and ultrasound. The examination can also be used in assessments to analyze the operation’s results.
Design and analysis of the Extended Hybrid High-Order method for the Poisson problem
Authors: Yemm Liam 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe propose an Extended Hybrid High-Order scheme for the Poisson problem with solution possessing weak singularities. Some general assumptions are stated on the nature of this singularity and the remaining part of the solution. The method is formulated by enriching the local polynomial spaces with appropriate singular functions. Via a detailed error analysis, the method is shown to converge optimally in both discrete and continuous energy norms. Some tests are conducted in two dimensions for singularities arising from irregular geometries in the domain. The numerical simulations illustrate the established error estimates, and show the method to be a significant improvement over a standard Hybrid High-Order method.
Neural network input feature selection using structured l2 − norm penalization
Authors: Egwu Nathaniel , Mrziglod Thomas , Schuppert Andreas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractArtificial neural networks are referred to as universalapproximatorsdue to their inherent ability to reconstruct complex linear and nonlinear output maps conceived as input-output relationships from data sets. This can be done by reducing large networks via regularization in order to establish compact models containing fewer parameters aimed at describing vital dependencies in data sets. In situations where the data sets contain non-informative input features, devising a continuous, optimal input feature selection technique can lead to improved prediction or classification. We propose a continuous input selection technique through a dimensional reduction mechanism using a ‘structured’l2− norm regularization. The implementation is done by identifying the most informative feature subsets from a given data set via an adaptive training mechanism. The adaptation involves introducing a novel, modified gradient approach during training to deal with thenon-differentiabilityassociated with the gradient of the structured norm penalty. When the method is applied to process data sets, results indicate that the most informative inputs of artificial neural networks can be selected using a structuredl2− norm penalization.
Hypoxic condition induced H3K27me3 modification of the LncRNA Tmem235 promoter thus supporting apoptosis of BMSCs
Authors: Zhang Fei , Luo Hong , Peng Wuxun , Wang Lei , Wang Tao , Xie Zhihong , Zhang Jian , Dong Wentao , Zheng Xiaohan , Liu Gang , Zhu Xuesong , Kang Qinglin , Tian Xiaobin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have strong regenerative potential and show good application prospects for treating clinical diseases. However, in the process of BMSC transplantation for treating ischemic and hypoxic diseases, BMSCs have high rates of apoptosis in the hypoxic microenvironment of transplantation, which significantly affects the transplantation efficacy. Our previous studies have confirmed the key role of long non-coding RNA Tmem235 (LncRNA Tmem235) in the process of hypoxia-induced BMSC apoptosis and its downstream regulatory mechanism, but the upstream mechanism by which hypoxia regulates LncRNA Tmem235 expression to induce BMSC apoptosis is still unclear. Under hypoxic conditions, we found that the level of LncRNA Tmem235 promoter histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation modification (H3K27me3) was significantly increased by CHIP-qPCR. Moreover, H3K27me3 cooperated with LncRNA Tmem235 promoter DNA methylation to inhibit the expression of LncRNA Tmem235 and promote apoptosis of BMSCs. To study the mechanism of hypoxia-induced modification of LncRNA Tmem235 promoter H3K27me3 in the hypoxia model of BMSCs, we detected the expression of H3K27 methylase and histone demethylase and found that only histone methylase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) expression was significantly upregulated. Knockdown of EZH2 significantly decreased the level of H3K27me3 modification in the LncRNA Tmem235 promoter. The EZH2 promoter region contains a hypoxia-responsive element (HRE) that interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), which is overexpressed under hypoxic conditions, thereby promoting its overexpression. In summary, hypoxia promotes the modification of the LncRNA Tmem235 promoter H3K27me3 through the HIF-1α/EZH2 signaling axis, inhibits the expression of LncRNA Tmem235, and leads to hypoxic apoptosis of BMSCs. Our findings improve the regulatory mechanism of LncRNA Tmem235 during hypoxic apoptosis of BMSCs and provide a more complete theoretical pathway for targeting LncRNA to inhibit hypoxic apoptosis of BMSCs.
The ‘Court of Public Opinion:’ Public Perceptions of Business Involvement in Human Rights Violations
Authors: Amengual Matthew , Mota Rita , Rustler Alexander 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPublic pressure is essential for providing multinational enterprises (MNEs) with motivation to follow the standards of human rights conduct set in soft-law instruments, such as the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. But how does the public judge MNE involvement in human rights violations? We empirically answer this question drawing on an original survey of American adults. We asked respondents to judge over 12,000 randomly generated scenarios in which MNEs may be considered to have been involved in human rights violations. Our findings reveal substantial gaps between public judgments and the standards set in soft law and the normative literature. We identify the attributes of episodes of human rights violations involving MNEs that influence public judgments, including the relationship between the MNE and the perpetrator, the practice of due diligence, and the type of abuse. These results provide insights as to when we might expect public pressure to drive MNE compliance with soft-law instruments, and they direct attention to specific standards that will likely require stronger, ‘hard’ law approaches or broader efforts to shift the public’s view.
Fusarium langsethiae and mycotoxin contamination in oat grain differed with growth stage at inoculation
Authors: Aamot Heidi Udnes , Mousavi Hesam , Razzaghian Jafar , Brodal Guro , Sulyok Michael , Krska Rudolf , Edwards Simon G. , Hofgaard Ingerd S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh levels of mycotoxins are occasionally observed in Norwegian oat grain lots. Mycotoxins of primary concern in Norwegian oats are deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium graminearum and HT2- and T2-toxins (HT2 + T2) produced by Fusarium langsethiae. Improved understanding of the epidemiology of Fusarium spp. is important for the development of measures to control mycotoxins. We studied the susceptibility to F. langsethiae after inoculation at early (booting, heading, flowering) or late (flowering, milk, dough) growth stages in three oat varieties in greenhouse experiments. The varieties had previously shown different levels of resistance to F. graminearum: Odal, Vinger (both moderately resistant), and Belinda (susceptible). The level of F. langsethiae DNA and HT2 + T2 were measured in harvested grain. In addition, we observed differences in aggressiveness (measured as the level of F. langsethiae DNA in grain) between F. langsethiae isolates after inoculation of oats at flowering. Substantial levels of F. langsethiae DNA (mean ≥ 138 pg per μg plant DNA) and HT2 + T2 (≥348 μg/kg) were detected in grain harvested from oats that were spray-inoculated at heading or later stages, but not at booting (mean ≤ 10 pg/μg and ≤ 25 μg/kg, respectively), suggesting that oats are susceptible to F. langsethiae from heading and onwards. Vinger was the most resistant variety to F. langsethiae/HT2 + T2, whereas Odal and Belinda were relatively susceptible. We observed that late inoculations yielded high levels of other trichothecene A metabolites (mean sum of metabolites of 35–1048 μg/kg) in addition to HT2 + T2, in harvested grain, an indication that infections close to harvest may pose a further risk to food and feed safety.
Exploring the impacts of different fasting and refeeding regimes on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.): growth performance, histopathological study, and expression levels of some muscle growth-related genes
Authors: Elbialy Zizy I. , Gamal Shrouk , Al-Hawary Ibrahim I. , Shukry Mustafa , Salah Abdallah S. , Aboshosha Ali A. , Assar Doaa H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe current study investigated how different fasting and refeeding regimes would impact Nile tilapia growth performance, histopathological examination, and gene expression of myostatin, myogenin,GH,IGF-1, andNPYa. Nile tilapia fish (n = 120) were randomly allocated into four groups, including the control group fed on a basal diet for 6 weeks (F6), group A starved for 1 week and then refed for 5 weeks (S1F5), group B starved for 2 weeks and then refed for 4 weeks (S2F4), while group C starved for 4 weeks and then refed for 2 weeks (S4F2). Fasting provoked a decrease in body weight coincided with more extended starvation periods. Also, it induced muscle and liver histological alterations; the severity was correlated with the length of fasting periods. Gene expression levels ofGH,MSTN,MYOG, andNPYawere significantly increased, whileIGF1was markedly depressed in fasted fish compared to the control group. Interestingly, refeeding after well-planned short fasting period (S1F5) modulated the histopathological alterations. To some extent, these changes were restored after refeeding. RestoredIGF-Iand opposing fasting expression profiles of the genes mentioned above thus recovered weights almost like the control group and achieved satisfactory growth compensation. Conversely, refeeding following more extended fasting periods failed to restore body weight. In conclusion, refeeding after fasting can induce a compensatory response. Still, the restoration capacity is dependent on the length of fasting and refeeding periods through exhibiting differential morphological structure and expressions pattern for muscle and growth-related genes.Graphical abstract
The Autism Impact Measure (AIM): Meaningful Change Thresholds and Core Symptom Changes Over One Year from an Online Survey in the U.S.
Authors: Silkey Mariabeth , Durán-Pacheco Gonzalo , Johnson Michelle , Liu Chuang , Clinch Susanne , Law Kiely , Loss Georg 
Published: July 2022

AbstractValidated outcome measures with the capacity to reflect meaningful change are key to assessing potential interventions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We derive clinically meaningful change thresholds (MCTs) of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) and identify factors associated with meaningful change. Baseline and 12-months follow-up survey of caregivers of 2,761 children with ASD aged 3–17 years from the U.S. Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge (SPARK) cohort were analyzed. Using caregiver-reported anchors for change, the 12-month change in estimated AIM MCT (95% confidence interval) for symptom improvement was –4.5 (–7.61, –1.37) points and 9.9 (5.12, 14.59) points for symptom deterioration. These anchor-based MCTs will facilitate future assessments of caregiver-reported change in AIM scores.
A multi-perspective study of Perceived Inclusive Education for students with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Leifler Emma , Borg Anna , Bölte Sven 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConsensus is often a prerequisite for communities to develop initiatives to improve practice and create a future together. We investigated the consensus around the perceived educational inclusion of autistic and other neurodivergent students, their caregivers, and their teachers. Seventeen triads of informants plus two single students from mainstream secondary and high schools in Sweden underwent the standardized INCLUSIO interview operationalizing educational inclusion domains. Inclusive practice was reported across groups to be poorly to sufficiently developed for different domains and measures. Discrepancies were extensive between informants and most pronounced for students and parents versus teachers. The findings highlight limited consensus about inclusive education in practice and suggest enhanced participation of neurodivergent students and their parents to improve inclusive education implementation.