bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN SEMBAKO MINYAK GORENG PADA USAHA DAGANG JAYA KARYA SIBORONGBORONG
Authors: Sinaga Leonard R , Siregar Hotlin , Siregar Apriani 
Published: November 2022

Dalam setiap bidang usaha, strategi menjadi penting karena merupakan rangkaian keputusan dan tindakan yang diarahkan untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan. Lebih dari itu, pengusaha membutuhkan strategi pemasaran untuk usahanya. Hal ini sangat penting karena merupakan alat fundamental yang direncanakan untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan dengan mengembangkan keunggulan bersaing yang berkelanjutan melalui pasar yang dimasuki dan program pemasaran yang digunakan untuk melayani pasar sasaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan di

Jaya Karya Dagang Usaha yang terletak di Jalan Horas, Kecamatan Siborongborong, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Fenomena yang terjadi adalah target bulanan yang ditetapkan perusahaan tidak tercapai meskipun beberapa strategi telah diterapkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran yang tepat dalam meningkatkan jumlah penjualan dan mampu bertahan dalam menghadapi persaingan minyak goreng dasar di Jaya Karya Dagang Usaha Kecamatan Siborongborong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari pemilik toko, karyawan, dan pelanggan tetap. Metode pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan analisis SWOT, yaitu identifikasi berbagai faktor secara sistematis untuk merumuskan strategi perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diagram SWOT dan matriks SWOT dapat diketahui bahwa Usaha Dagang Jaya Karya berada pada kuadran I (Strategi Agresif) dan pada strategi SO, dimana kekuatan dan peluang perusahaan lebih besar dari pada kelemahan dan ancamannya. Strategi SO merupakan strategi yang paling tepat untuk Jaya Karya Dagang Usaha, sedangkan strategi lainnya dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif strategi untuk referensi dan pertimbangan yang dapat mengembangkan dan meningkatkan penjualan produk Dagang Usaha Jaya Karya. Selain itu, Usaha Dagang Jaya Karya juga dapat menggabungkan strategi ST, strategi WO, dan strategi WT sesuai kebutuhan untuk memaksimalkan strategi pemasaran yang diterapkan.
YOUTUBE AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION ABOUT CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 VACCINE
Authors: Kaya Erhan , Özdemir Mikail , Üçer Hüseyin , Koçyiğit Burhan Fatih 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: YouTube is a very important source of information. The videos in YouTube provide a message with information. The purpose of this article was to assess the main message of available materials about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines on YouTube.
Methods: In this study, the four search terms "COVID-19 vaccine", "COVID-19 vaccination", "Coronavirus vaccine", "Coronavirus vaccination" were scanned on the YouTube (www.youtube.com) media platform on 9 February 2021. We examined video parameters i.e., durations, view counts, likes, dislikes, comments, messages and sources of the 83 videos about COVID-19 vaccine.
Results: The messages were defined as 52 (62.6%) positive, 12 (14.5%) negative, and 17 (20.5%) ambiguous about getting vaccinated. Significant differences were determined between the message category groups in respect of the like ratio (p = 0.014). Positive group videos were less liked.
Conclusion: More negative messages about the COVID-19 vaccine were found in media-sourced videos. Negative and ambiguous videos were more attractive to YouTube users. Scientists, policymakers, and community leaders should play a role in disseminating information about COVID-19 vaccine and vaccination.
profesionalización de los estudios filosóficos en Tucumán durante el primer peronismo
Authors: Sosa Paula Jimena 
Published: November 2022

La revista Notas y estudios de filosofía ocupa un lugar destacado en el campo filosófico tucumano durante el primer peronismo, pues surge en un marco de fuerte expansión del proyecto universitario, coincidiendo además con el arribo de exiliados europeos a causa de los totalitarismos y del contexto bélico internacional. A su vez, en el plano local, la publicación busca consolidarse en un escenario nacional profundamente politizado.
El objetivo del presente trabajo es ahondar en el papel de la revista –como espacio de expresión de una intelectualidad que no adscribe al peronismo, pero que permanece en las universidades–, y evidenciar cómo la misma busca construir un canon, atendiendo al modo en que recepciona selectivamente ciertos modelos filosóficos centrales.
Glyphosate sprayed on the pre-existing vegetation reduces seedling emergence and growth of forage species
Authors: Rodríguez Adriana M. , Jacobo Elizabeth J. , Grimoldi Agustín A. , Golluscio Rodolfo A. 
Published: November 2022

Seeding pastures or forage crops by no-tillage methods usually involves the spray of glyphosate to suppress the existing vegetation. While many studies found detrimentaleffects of glyphosate on seed germination and seedling growth of the subsequent crop, others found negligible effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of glyphosate spraying on germination, seedling emergence and seedling growth of four forage species: Trifolium repens, Lotus tenuis, Festuca arundinacea and Paspalum dilatatum. The experiment was carried out spraying glyphosate on the pre-existing vegetation and on bare soil 1, 30, 60 and 90 days before sowing, and a control treatmentsprayed with water. Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced emergence, while sprayed 1 to 30 or 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced seedlings belowground biomass and root length of all species and aboveground biomass of legumes respect to sprayed 90 days before seeding, sprayed on bare soil, and control treatment. This herbicide would remain active in the soil environment for at least 60 days after spraying when it was previously absorbed by plants, causing a severe damage to seedlings emergence and growth.
Highlights:

Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced seedling emergence of Trifolium repens, Lotus tenuis, Festuca arundinacea and Paspalum dilatatum.
Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1-30 or 1-60 days before seeding reduced seedlings belowground biomass and root length of all species and aboveground biomass of legumes
Gyphosate sprayed 90 days before seeding or sprayed on bare soil did not affect seggling emergence and growth.
Gyphosate would remain active in the soil environment for at least 60 days after spraying when it was previously absorbed by plants.
Utility of serum interleukin-18 (IL-18) as a tumour marker in gastric cancer
Authors: Lobo Lancelot , Rohith M. James , Kumari N. Suchetha , Prasad H. L. Kishan 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most prevailing cancer globally, attributing to more than 70% of cases in developing countries. Protein cancer biomarkers, such as CEA, CA- 125, AFP and PSA, are clinically helpful diagnostic tools, but they have low sensitivity and specificity for GC. Hence, it is essential to discover better markers for GC diagnosis. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is the member of Interleukin-1 family. It is hypothesized to be a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, leading to gastric atrophy and causing an increased risk of GC. This study was to evaluate the association between the serum IL-18 in GC.

Methodology: We included cases who underwent UGI Scopy and were proven to have GC histopathologically. The patients who presented to the out-patient who underwent UGI scopy and was found to have no growth were selected as controls. Twenty-eight cases and 84 control sample sizes were derived from nMaster V2. Blood samples from patients and controls were collected, and serum IL-18 levels were estimated using a solid-phase sandwich ELISA method.

Results: We found that the cut-off value of serum IL-18 was 85.59 pg/ml, had a sensitivity of 63.1% and specificity of 57.1%, with a positive predictive value of 81.5% and a negative predictive value of 34% in diagnosing GC. The study plotted the receiver operating characteristic curve against IL-18 for sensitivity and specificity. Statistically, we found through the Area Under the Curve (AUC) that the rise in serum IL-18 levels was a poor indicator of GC with a p-value of 0.078.

Conclusion: Statistically, a cut-off of 85.59pg/ml showed good sensitivity and specificity; however, the probability was insignificant, suggesting that IL-18 may not be of diagnostic importance. Studies with a larger sample size are required to further probe into the usefulness of estimating IL-18 in GC.
Petals of rose: Application of rapid on-site evaluation in bronchoscopy
Authors: Bhowmik Sayan , J. Thanka , Manikandan Aswin , Ravichandar Sabarinath 
Published: November 2022

In present day scenario, procedures that are minimally invasive like FNAs and Core needle biopsies are on the rise. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is a laboratory service that assesses the cytomorphologic features from FNA smears or biopsy contact imprints in the biopsy room and can provide on the spot input and suggestions for the clinician through immediate cytological examination of the biopsy sample. ROSE also allows for a preliminary diagnosis, allowing for the requirement of additional material for ancillary studies. We are presenting two cases which highlights the merits of ROSE in cytological diagnosis.

In the first case, a thirty four year old male patient came with complaints of productive cough, breathlessness and fever. Bronchoscopic needle aspiration and biopsy was done with Rapid Onsite Evaluation. ROSE revealed two non-caseating epithelioid granulomas on the 4th pass. Bronchoscopic lymph node biopsy was non- contributory. With other clinical and biochemical parameters, diagnosis of Sarcoidosis was made. This case study underscores the significance of ROSE in arriving at the diagnosis.

In the other case, a fifty seven year old male patient came to hospital with productive cough and breathlessness (MMRC grade II). CT chest revealed features suggestive of bronchogenic carcinoma. ROSE was performed along with bronchial brush cytology in which presence of atypical cells with increased nuclear cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear hyperchromatism and nuclear molding was noted. On histopathological examination, it was diagnosed as a case of non-small cell carcinoma of lung – poorly differentiated type. This case proves the advantage of ROSE in avoiding repeated invasive procedures for the patient.
A cross-sectional study of association between ocular pressures and different grades of myopia in young adults
Authors: B. Sreenivas Sudha , C. M. Ramya , K. R. Vinitha , M. R. Sreenivas , Gopi Arun 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: My­opia is one of the most common refractive errors causing visual disability worldwide. Uncorrected refractive error poses a public health challenge especially in young adults who have to spend most of their time in literary works. Intra ocular pressure (IOP) is one of the crucial factors intertwined in the pathophysiology of myopia. Ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) determines ocular blood flow. Studies done on association between IOP and refractive errors are contradictory. There is paucity of literature on relationship between OPP and myopia. Hence this original article aimed to assess the association of IOP and OPP changes with myopia and to analyze the relationship between ocular pressures with severity of myopia.

Materials and Methods: Hundred normal adults in the age group of 18-24 years of either gender were recruited for the present study. Voluntary written and informed consent was sought from all participants and the refractive power of their eyes was noted. They were categorised into three groups based on the severity of myopia. Controls were the emmetropes. All participants were asked to relax for 5-10 minutes and the resting BP and IOP were recorded using sphygmomanometer and rebound tonometer respectively. OPP was calculated.

Results: IOP values were comparatively higher in myopes than emmetropes. A significant reduction in OPP values were observed in moderate myopes.

Conclusion: Myopes have a higher IOP suggesting myopia is one of the major risk factor for ocular hypertension. Low OPP values in moderate myopes indicate reduced ocular perfusion, making the progressive myopes highly susceptible to glaucoma.
TNF-alpha gene polymorphism and its relation to vitamin D, calcium, alkaline phosphatase and ferritin status in Iraqi beta thalassemia patients
Authors: Jasim Mohammed Bushra 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Due to a lack of effective medications, beta-thalassemia is a serious issue in Iraq. Thus, the current investigation aimed to explore the relationship between TNF-alpha gene polymorphism G/A (rs 1800629), Vitamin D (Vit D), Calcium (Ca), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and ferritin status in Iraqi beta thalassemia major and intermediate patients.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 46 patients suffering from thalassemia major (TM) plus 48 patients suffering from thalassemia intermediate (TI) and 48 of apparently healthy volunteers as control group aged 18-60 years, from Ibn Al-Baladi Hospital, Baghdad.

Results: Studies for the distribution of TNF- alpha G/A (rs 1800629) genotype showed that among TM patients and TI patients, the prevalence of the mutant AA genotype (rs 1800629) was higher in TM patients, while in the control group, it was lower. Similarly, for the wild genotype (GG), the prevalence was highest in control group followed by T1 and TM patients. The frequency of A allele was high in TM patients, while the G allele frequency was more in the control group. Results also showed that the TNF- alpha genotype variations influenced Vitamin D, Calcium, ALP, and ferritin levels in TM and TI patients, wherein the patients with TNF-alpha mutant genotype (AA) were associated with highest levels of ferritin and ALP among all genotypes groups, while the patients of with TNF-alpha wild genotype (GG) were associated with high levels of Vitamin D and Calcium among all genotypes groups.

Conclusion: Patients with at least one copy of (A) allele had a higher risk of TM and TI and there was an association between the heterogeneous (GA) and mutant (AA) genotypes, also presence of (A) allele with status differences of Vit D, Ca, ALP, and ferritin in Iraqi beta thalassemia major and intermediate patients.
The predictive value of prognostic nutritional index in patients with COVID-19
Authors: N. Mohsin Naser , K. Shaker Ekremah , S. Salih Khalid , Jabbar K. Ibrahim Abdul 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: It is crucial to identify and start treating the COVID-19 patients who are most at risk of becoming seriously ill as soon as possible. There is some evidence that prognostic nutritional index (PNI) could predict the outcome of some diseases. The study objective was to determine whether PNI is a useful prognostic tool for predicting the outcome of COVID-19-positive patients.

Patients and Methods: At Al-Shifaa Hospital in Baghdad Medical City, a total of 160 patients with COVID-19 participated in a study that was designed as a cross-sectional. At the time of admission, information was collected on the patient's history, including clinical, laboratory, and demographic details. The PNI score was determined by 10 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count (/mm3). Patients were followed up for survival.

Results: The mortality rate was 14.37%. Survived patients had a mean age of 55.85±16.03 years compared with 64.30 ±14.76 years for died patients with a significant difference. Diabetes was more common among died (39.13%) than survived patients (15.33%) with a significant difference. The median serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer and ferritin in deceased patients was 84 mg/L, 2208 ng/ml and 650 ng/ml, respectively compared with 48 mg/L, 858 ng/ml and 550 ng/ml in survived patients with highly significant differences. The mean PNI in survived and non-survived patients was 40.89±5.9 and 37.86±4.36, respectively with a significant difference. The area under the curve (AUC) for PNI was 0.888, 95%CI = 0.827 and 0.939, p = 0.002 At an ideal cutoff value of 39.08, the test's sensitivity and specificity are 80 % and 74 %, respectively.

Conclusion: The PNI score is an easy-to-use, speedy, and cost-effective tool that has the potential to be utilized on a routine basis to predict mortality in patients with COVID-19.
Assessment of asprosin level and some of physiological variables in patients with cardiovascular diseases in Kirkuk city, Iraq
Authors: Khalaf Al-Hadidi Elaf Erfan , Al-Obaidi Wedad Mahmood Lahmood 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Asprosin is a novel fasting-induced glucogenic adipokine, which stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood stream. The aim of this study was to examine the role of asprosin as well as various physiological and oxidative stress factors in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction patients in comparison to healthy controls in Kirkuk city, in order to clarify whether asprosin helps in protecting heart and preventing heart disease.

Materials and Methods: This study included blood samples collected from patients (n=70) and normal healthy controls (n=20), aged between 45-65 years from the Kirkuk General Hospital and external specialized clinical between December 2021 to February 2022. The samples were divided into three groups which included healthy controls (n=20), patients suffering from atherosclerosis (n=40) and myocardial infarction (n=30) respectively. Individuals in all groups were tested for their blood ASP, CPK-BM Tnt and lipid profile levels. Blood serum was also tested for concentration of FBS, INS, HbA1c, MDA and GSH.

Results: The asprosin, CPK-BM, Cardiac troponin (TNt) and INS levels was observed to be significantly elevated in atherosclerosis patients in comparison to healthy controls. However, in myocardial infarction patients significant increase levels was seen only for CPK-BM and INS levels. Lipid profiling showed that except for HDL levels, significant increased levels for TC, TG, LDL and VLDL in both atherosclerosis and MI patients as compared to healthy individuals. The concentration of FBS was seen elevated in blood serum of atherosclerosis and MI patients in comparison to controls. No significant increase was observed for HbA1c and oxidative stress hormones MDA and GSH).

Conclusion: Changes in asprosin levels in patients with cardiovascular disease could be considered as a biochemical marker to estimate the severity of injury in heart and heart muscles.
Evaluation of leptin serum concentration in cases of blood transfusion dependent Beta thalassemia and its relationship with thyroid dysfunction
Authors: Yousif Al-Fatlawi Abeer Cheaid 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Thalassemia disorder is characterized by the body’s inability to produce hemoglobin. This is an inherited disorder and arises due to defects in one or more globin chains. Thalassemia patients have been associated with endocrine dysfunction leading to toxic and deleterious effects. In the present study, we aimed to correlate leptin levels in Transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia (TDT) patients to their thyroid hormonal levels and hematological parameters.

Materials and Methods: The study included 50 individuals (25 male and 25 female) aged 11-20 years with beta-thalassemia major and 20 healthy individuals (10 male, 10 females) aged 13-20 years as controls. All individuals included in the study were assessed for their BMI, complete blood count, serum ferritin and iron, thyroid function, leptin and ghrelin hormonal levels.

Results: This study showed a low BMI in patients as compared to healthy individuals. A high increase in TSH and ferritin was found in patients of both genders as compared to controls. T4 significantly decreased in males and females as compared to control. Significant reduction in leptin levels was observed in both male and female patients. A positive correlation was observed between leptin and TSH in males while a negative correlation between leptin and T4 was observed in females. A significant positive correlation was seen between leptin and T4 and between TSH and T4. BMI in males and female significant low compared to control.

Conclusion: Leptin probably plays an important role in thyroid dysfunction. Serum leptin, ferritin and thyroid hormonal levels in patients could be used as a guide in predicting hormonal modulation in major beta thalassemic patients.
Molecular characterization of HBB gene mutations in beta-thalassemia patients of Southern Iraq
Authors: Odah Al-Musawi Ali Habeeb , Mohammed Aziz Hussein , Khudair Safa , Hadi Saleh Tahreer 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Beta-thalassemia is a serious inherited genetic disorder and an increasing health burden globally. Beta -thalassemia is caused by genetic globin abnormalities within the hemoglobin beta (HBB) gene. This study aimed to characterize the HBB gene mutations in beta -thalassemia among southern Iraqi patients.

Materials and Methods: The study included 30 beta -thalassemia patients referred to the Thi-Qar Center for Genetic Diseases, Iraq and 15 control samples from a random group of apparently healthy individuals. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood sample collected from each individual. The DNA was amplified for specific regions of the HBB gene and the amplified products sequenced. The sequences generated were analysed for mutations using sequence analysis tools.

Results: Molecular analysis revealed several mutations in the HBB gene including translocation, deletion and substitution mutations in the population tested positive for the beta -thalassemia trait.

Conclusion: Thalassemia major is a serious concern in southern Iraq and therefore this study emphasizes a need for complete mutation profiling of the beta -globin gene as a strategy for screening of carriers within the population. Such examinations could be useful in pre-marital genetic counseling and for undertaking prevention and treatment measures.
Music in the Works of Ignas Šeinius: A Few Chords
Authors: Ivanova Giedrė 
Published: November 2022

In this article, the author focuses on the expression of music in the early texts of Lithuanian prose innovator Ignas Jurkūnas Šeinius (1889–1959). Starting with Werner Wolf’s typology of the relations between words and music, and incorporating insights from other scholars (Lars Elleström, Siglind Bruhn, Vytautas Kubilius, Irina Melnikova, etc.), the article discusses the different forms of music and the meanings they produce in Šeinius’ novel Kuprelis (1913, 1932), in one segment of his short story “Vasaros vaišės” [Summer Feast, 1914], and in the novella “Marių daina” [The Song of the Lagoon, 1914].
The analysis has shown that in the novel Kuprelis, music expression explicates the experiences of the main characters, their self-perception and relationship to other characters, becoming a symbol of love, and pointing to and predicting important moments in the story. In the analyzed passage from the short story “Summer Feast,” one can notice a parallel with the musical form of fugue, which creates the impression of multiple motifs sounding and being perceived at the same time, and which emphasizes the aspect of the existential climax that is being developed by the narrative. Combining music, literature and painting, the novella “The Song of the Lagoon” echoes the synthesis of these arts captured in Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis’s pictorial sonata “Jūra” [The Sea].” The ekphrastic nature of the novella invites the reader to see the figures from the paintings reproduced using words, and to hear the musical motifs that accompany them.