bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical optimization of guaco leaves extraction based on pre‐heat treatment
Authors: Martins Marina Roberto , Johann Gracielle , Palú Fernando , da Silva Edson Antonio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe mass yield of the extraction is influenced directly by the pre‐treatment conditions of the raw material. In the case of leaves, drying is required to ensure their biological stability and is a pre‐processing step that demands large amounts of thermal energy. In the present study, the oil extraction process was numerically optimized, considering the influence of the pre‐heat treatment of the guaco leaves. An operating range between 30°C and 70°C, 1.0 and 5.0 m/s, and recirculation between 0 and 1 was evaluated. The minimum ratio of energy consumption of drying by the amount of oil obtained after extraction (4.05 × 105 kWh/kg) was obtained under the optimal conditions of 30.02°C, 1.0 m/s, and .129 of air recycling flow rate. With our results, it is possible to guarantee safety in the storage of guaco leaves, in addition to optimizing the extraction process, maximizing the obtaining of the oil mass, and reducing energy consumption in the drying step.Practical applicationsTea is one of the most consumed beverages in the world and is obtained by extraction. Between tea leaves, guaco (Mikania glomerata Sprengel) is mainly applied to obtain therapeutic properties as an expectorant and bronchodilator. While guaco leaves are perishable, they must be dried to ensure their biological stability. As others heat and mass transfer processes, the efficient design is mandatory to reduce energy consumption. One of the more efficient drying processes is the operation under exhaust air recirculation. Thus, there is a need to evaluate optimal drying operation conditions to understand the effects of exhaust air recirculation on the energy consumption of drying and the amount of extract obtained in the extraction. Our numerical results indicated that it is possible to guarantee safety in storing guaco leaves and optimize its extraction process.
Long‐term clinical outcomes of intestinal Behçet's disease: A 30‐year cohort study at a tertiary hospital in South Korea
Authors: Park Jihye , Park Soo Jung , Park Jae Jun , Kim Tae Il , Cheon Jae Hee 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimWe aimed to identify the long‐term clinical outcomes of and prognostic factors for intestinal Behçet's disease (BD).MethodsA cohort of 780 patients with intestinal BD between 1997 and 2021 was investigated to determine long‐term clinical outcomes and prognostic factors at an inflammatory bowel disease clinic at Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.ResultsDuring the median follow‐up period of 12.7 ± 7.2 years, 5‐aminosalicylic acids, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) agents were required in 94.9%, 67.2%, 43.8%, and 14.6% of the patients, respectively. The cumulative rates of anti‐TNF‐α use were 3.7%, 7.5%, 8.5%, 12.1%, 17.6%, and 24.0%, and those for abdominal surgery were 5.7%, 10.9%, 12.6%, 16.5%, 21.6%, and 28.3%, at 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 years, respectively, after initial diagnosis of intestinal BD. The cumulative rates of hospitalization were 11.8%, 21.9%, 27.9%, 38.8%, 54.4%, and 74.8%, and those of emergency room visits were 10.0%, 19.8%, 22.7%, 31.6%, 50.0%, and 65.0% at 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 years. Older age at primary diagnosis, previous appendectomy history, higher disease activity index for intestinal Behçet's disease score, systemic BD, multiple intestinal ulcers, deep intestinal ulcers, higher C‐reactive protein, lower hemoglobin, and lower albumin levels were associated with poor prognosis. Married status, higher body mass index, oral ulceration, and arthritis were negatively associated with poor prognosis.ConclusionsData on the long‐term clinical outcomes of intestinal BD and their prognostic factors could guide physicians in patient monitoring and in optimizing individualized treatment.
The burden of gout in acne keloidalis nuchae—Insights from a population‐based study
Authors: Shavit Eran , Cohen Arnon , Zoller Lilach , Onn Erez , Kridin Khalaf 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe risk of gout amid patients with acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) has not been investigated in the past.ObjectiveTo assess the risk of developing gout among patients with AKN relative to control subjects.MethodsA population‐based retrospective study followed patients with AKN (n = 2677) and age‐, sex‐, and ethnicity‐matched control subjects (n = 13 190). The incidence of new‐onset gout was compared between the two groups. Hazard ratio (HR) for the risk of gout was obtained using a multivariate Cox regression model.ResultsThe incidence rate of gout was 1.12 (95% CI, 0.68–1.76) and 0.48 (95% CI, 0.34–0.66) per 1000 person‐years among patients with AKN and controls, respectively. The crude risk of developing gout was significantly higher in patients with AKN (HR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.26–4.10;p = 0.007). After controlling for age, sex, and ethnicity, AKN emerged as an independent risk factor of gout (adjusted HR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.29–4.22;p = 0.005). When adjusting for other confounders such as body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, the risk of gout in AKN fell out of significance (adjusted HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.73–2.65;p = 0.311),ConclusionPatients with AKN experience an increased risk of gout. The risk is not independent and is mainly mediated through the metabolic comorbidities typifying AKN. We recommend screening for gout in patients with suggestive complaints.
Predictors of second COVID‐19 booster dose or new COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy among nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Galanis Petros , Vraka Irene , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Siskou Olga , Konstantakopoulou Olympia , Katsoulas Theodoros , Mariolis‐Sapsakos Theodoros , Kaitelidou Daphne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo assess the levels of second COVID‐19 booster dose/new COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy among nurses and explore the potential predictors of vaccine hesitancy.BackgroundCOVID‐19 full vaccination seems to be highly effective against highly contagious variants of SARS‐CoV‐2. Healthcare workers are at high‐risk group since they have experienced high levels of COVID‐19‐associated morbidity and mortality.DesignAn on‐line cross‐sectional study was carried out in Greece in May 2022, using a self‐administered questionnaire.MethodsThe study population included nurses in healthcare services who were fully vaccinated against COVID‐19 at the time of study. We considered socio‐demographic characteristics, COVID‐19‐related variables, and attitudes toward COVID‐19 vaccination and pandemic as potential predictors of vaccine hesitancy. We applied the STROBE checklist in our study.ResultsAmong 795 nurses, 30.9% were hesitant toward a second booster dose or a new COVID‐19 vaccine. Independent predictors of hesitancy included lower educational level, absence of a chronic condition, good/very good self‐perceived physical health, lack of flu vaccination during 2021, front‐line nurses that provided healthcare to COVID‐19 patients, nurses that had not been diagnosed with COVID‐19 and nurses that had at least one relative/friend that has died from COVID‐19. Moreover, increased compliance with hygiene measures, increased fear of a second booster dose/new COVID‐19 vaccine and decreased trust in COVID‐19 vaccination were associated with increased hesitancy.ConclusionsOur study shows that a significant percentage of nurses are hesitant toward a second booster dose/new COVID‐19 vaccine. This initial hesitancy could be a barrier to efforts to control the COVID‐19 pandemic.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses' role during the COVID‐19 pandemic is essential since they are the front‐line healthcare workers empowering the public with their passion and empathy. There is a need to communicate COVID‐19 vaccine science in a way that is accessible to nurses in order to decrease COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy.Patient or public contributionNo patient or public contribution.
An evaluation of the prevalence and predictive factors of sexual dysfunction in women with heart failure: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Küçükkaya Hilal , Gönenç Ilknur Münevver 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictive factors of sexual dysfunction and quality of sexual life in women with heart failure.BackgroundSymptoms of heart failure may cause a decrease in sexual performance, sexual satisfaction and sexual desire.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted between December 2019 and June 22, 2020. The findings were reported according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines (n = 356).ResultsThe majority of the participants had sexual dysfunction (84.8%), mainly a reduction in sexual desire. Participants had a mean SQOL‐F score of 75.49 ± 19.37. More than a quarter of the participants stated that they were afraid of dying during sex (29.2%). There were changes in sexual dysfunction based on the class of medications that participants used regularly. Almost all participants stated that they were never informed by nurses or other healthcare professionals about sex (98%). Menopausal women are seven times more likely to develop sexual dysfunction than non‐menopausal women (OR = 7.0, p < .001).ConclusionWomen with heart failure are more likely to develop sexual dysfunction. Many factors affect sexual dysfunction and sexual quality of life. Therefore, nurses should take sexual dysfunction into account when caring for women with heart failure. They should monitor them for risk factors and side effects, draw up and implement plans to respond to problems.Relevance to Clinical PracticeSexual dysfunction is quite high in women with heart failure. Nurses should encourage these patients to talk about sexual problems and provide sexual health education and counselling regardless of the level of their sexual problems.Patient or Public ContributionThe patients evaluated the suitability of the questions at the pre‐application stage. We finalised the demographic questionnaires with their suggestions. The patients spent time filling out the questionnaires during the data collection phase and answered the questions sincerely.
The task coordination method of intelligence‐alliance innovation team of universities in Western China
Authors: Cao Qinwei , Meng Qiaoyu , Wang Can , Wang Jing , Duan Wanchun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo resolve the dilemma among a shortage of high‐end talents, low level of scientific research and a huge brain drain in western universities in China, we proposes a way out by building an intelligence‐alliance innovation team—a new interregional and multiagent cooperation mode. We identify major disagreements that hamper a fruitful collaboration, and then analyze reasons of such poor coordination. Given diversified backgrounds and different preferences of intelligence‐alliance innovation teams, we suggest multiagent group decision‐making as a method of seeking task coordination for participants in conflict and their problem‐solvers. Finally, a specific case is given to prove that this method can improve task coordination of intelligence‐alliance innovation teams, and that holistic feedback coordination may be the best scheme of task coordination for intelligence‐alliance innovation teams.
Effects of time pressure on tourists' sensory consumption via the mediating role of salient motivation
Authors: Ai Yijie , Pei Hongzhou 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article explores the effects of time pressure through an experiment together with a pre‐trip online survey. Through 405 samples, the results show that under time pressure, individuals prefer products or services with strong sensory stimulation in all five senses (i.e., gustatory, haptic, auditory, visual, and olfactory). Different from sensation seeking, sensory consumption is to measure preference for a certain sensory attribute of the same product. And salient motivation (i.e., desire for sensory contact) plays a mediating role in the effect of time pressure on strong sensory consumption. These findings provide insight into five sensory levels of consumer experience and put forward specific management implications for destinations.Practical ApplicationsTime pressure is a common subjective experience in our daily life. To find out what kind of product or service individuals may prefer under time pressure is very necessary. Our findings are particularly concerned with sensory consumption in tourism scenarios. Given that individuals prefer strong sensory stimulation under time pressure, marketers should formulate appropriate sensory intensity to meet individuals' psychological needs. For example, in tourism scenarios, some limited‐time tourism projects could increase more strong sensory experience, and crowding attractions should be placed more strong sensory stimulations. And for travel software, 1‐day travel routes should be arranged with more strong sensory experience. This article, especially for the sensory consumption design of tourist destinations, provides practical guidance related to epidemics, busyness, and crowded attractions.
Impacts of Nile tilapia cage culture on water and bottom sediment quality: The ability of an eutrophic lake to absorb and dilute perturbations
Authors: Musa Safina , Aura Christopher Mulanda , Tomasson Tumi , Sigurgeirsson Ólafur , Thorarensen Helgi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnvironmentally sustainable aquaculture depends on accurate understanding of the impacts of aquaculture‐derived organic matter (AOM) and the ability of aquaculture systems to absorb and dilute perturbations. To this end, the present study assessed the impacts of AOM from cage culture of Nile tilapia on the ecology of Lake Victoria, Kenya, using fish cages near Anyanga Beach in Siaya County from December 2018 to October 2019. Four locations were surveyed for organic loadings from cage cultures, located 0, 50, 150 and 500 m (as a control site) away from the cages. The cage aquaculture produced increased P and N concentrations near the cages and a decreased N:P molar ratio. These changes stimulated algal growth which, in turn, affected the water quality. The organic material accumulated on the bottom under the cages, increasing the benthic BOD (BOD, >10 mg/g), a sensitive indicator of the ecological footprint of the cage aquaculture. Further, the negative ORP observed in the benthic layer suggested anoxic bacterial metabolism, possibly causing build‐up of sulphides and methane. These changes altered the abundance and composition of both limnetic and benthic communities. At the beginning of the study, 22 zoobenthic taxa existed around the cages and 18 at the reference sites. Only 3 saprophilous taxa, chiefly gastropods (Physellaspp.), bivalves (Sphaeriumspp.) and oligochaetes (Tubifexspp.) were present at the cage site and 17 at the reference site at the end of the culture period. The Shannon diversity index exhibited a declining tendency with the length of culture period at the cage site, signifying a negative impact of aquaculture on biodiversity. The water quality recovery after cage disturbance is rapid (<4 months), noting there was no significant difference in the water quality recorded at the cage site and the other sampling sites after a fallow period of 4 months. However, the recovery of the sediment and meiofauna was far from complete at the end of this period. Moving the cages slightly (50–100 m) away from the former location may allow the benthic communities to recover and alleviate the problem. Further, the fallowing period, particularly for the Anyanga Beach site, should be extended from four to at least 5 months to allow for the environment to recover. With the rapid increase of cage fish farming in the African Great Lakes Region and with the potential for its occurrence in other lakes, there is a need to develop regulations to guide the industry, as well as the need for continuous monitoring of the environment, in order to provide information to guide investments and ensure sustainable cage farming.
Understanding maternal food choice for preschool children across urban–rural settings in Vietnam
Authors: Duong Cam , Jenkins Mica , Pyo Euisun , Nguyen Phuong Hong , Huynh Tuyen , Nguyen‐Viet Hung , Young Melissa F. , Ramakrishnan Usha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImproving diet quality of preschool children is challenging in countries undergoing food environment and nutrition transition. However, few studies have sought to understand how mothers in these countries decide what and how to feed their children. This study aims to explore maternal experiences, perspectives and beliefs when making food choice decisions for preschool children in urban, peri‐urban and rural areas in northern Vietnam. Two focus group discussions and 24 in‐depth interviews were carried out and analysed using thematic analysis. The results showed that mothers across the urban–rural spectrum shared the intention to feed children safe, nutritious food for better health and weight gain while satisfying child food preferences to improve appetite and eating enjoyment. These food choice intentions were embedded within family food traditions, whereby mothers emphasised nutritious food and adopted strict feeding styles during lunch and dinner but were flexible and accommodating of child preferences during breakfast and side meals. These intentions were also embedded within the physical food environment, which provided a mix of healthy and unhealthy food through informal food retailers. Despite these intentions, mothers faced financial constraints and difficulties in managing children's refusal to chew, changes in eating mood and strong eating temperament. These findings support policies to limit the presence of unhealthy food in informal food retail and encourage meal‐specific feeding strategies to help children enjoy nutritious food, transition from soft to textured food and become more cooperative during mealtime.
Sapwood mycobiome varies across host, plant compartment and environments in Nothofagus forests from Northern Patagonia
Authors: Molina Lucía , Rajchenberg Mario , de Errasti Andrés , Vogel Braian , Coetzee Martin P. A. , Aime Mary Catherine , Pildain María Belén 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlobal forests are increasingly being threatened by altered climatic conditions and increased attacks by pests and pathogens. The complex ecological interactions among pathogens, microbial communities, tree hosts and the environment are important drivers of forest dynamics. Little is known about the ecology of forest pathology and related microbial communities in temperate forests of the southern hemisphere. In this study, we used next‐generation sequencing to characterize sapwood‐inhabiting fungal communities in North Patagonian Nothofagus forests and assessed patterns of diversity of taxa and ecological guilds across climatic, site and host variables (health condition and compartment) as a contribution to Nothofagus autecology. The diversity patterns inferred through the metabarcoding analysis were similar to those obtained through culture‐dependent approaches. However, we detected additional heterogeneity and greater richness with culture‐free methods. Host species was the strongest driver of fungal community structure and composition, while host health status was the weakest. The relative impacts of site, season, plant compartment and health status were different for each tree species; these differences can be interpreted as a matter of water availability. For Nothofagus dombeyi, which is distributed across a wide range of climatic conditions, site was the strongest driver of community composition. The microbiome of N. pumilio varied more with season and temperature, a relevant factor for forest conservation in the present climate change scenario. Both species carry a number of potential fungal pathogens in their sapwood, whether they exhibit symptoms or not. Our results provide insight into the diversity of fungi associated with the complex pathobiome of the dominant Nothofagus species in southern South America.
Discontinuation and reduction of asthma medications after metabolic and bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xie Luyu , Chandrasekhar Aparajita , DeSantis Stacia M. , Almandoz Jaime P. , de la Cruz‐Muñoz Nestor , Messiah Sarah E. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryObesity is a risk factor for asthma. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a safe and effective treatment option for obesity. Weight reduction via MBS, in turn, may improve asthma outcomes and decrease the need for asthma medications. The aim of the systematic review and meta‐analysis is to explore the available evidence focused on the impact of MBS on the improvement of asthma outcomes via the discontinuation and reduction of asthma medications. After a comprehensive search in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases, 15 studies, including pre–post MBS data on asthma medication use among adults, were eligible for the systematic review. Thirteen studies reported the proportion of patient who discontinued asthma medication post‐MBS and was meta‐analyzed using random effects. Results showed 54% patients completely discontinued asthma medications (95% confidence interval 42%–67%, I2 = 86.2%, p < 0.001). The average number of asthma medications was also decreased by approximately 22%–46%. MBS provides strong therapeutic benefits for patients with asthma, as evidenced by the complete discontinuation of asthma medications in over 50% of MBS completers. The inference was limited by the small number, variations in follow‐up time and rates, and heterogeneity of studies. Studies that include more ethnically diverse participant samples are needed to improve generalizability.
Not all durations of preheart transplant mechanical ventilation portend inferior post‐transplant survival in children
Authors: Greenberg Jason W. , Kulshrestha Kevin , Dani Alia , Winlaw David S. , Lehenbauer David G. , Chin Clifford , Lorts Angela , Gist Katja M. , Zafar Farhan , Morales David L. S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundMechanical ventilation prior to pediatric heart transplantation predicts inferior post‐transplant survival, but the impact of ventilation duration on survival is unclear.MethodsData from the United Network for Organ Sharing and Pediatric Health Information System were used to identify pediatric (<18 years) heart transplant recipients from 2003 to 2020. Patients ventilated pretransplant were first compared to no ventilation, then ventilation durations were compared across quartiles of ventilation (≤1 week, 8 days–5 weeks, >5 weeks).ResultsAt transplant, 11% (511/4506) of patients required ventilation. Ventilated patients were younger, had more congenital heart disease, more urgent listing‐status, and greater rates of nephropathy, TPN‐dependence, and inotrope and ECMO requirements (p < .001 for all). Post‐transplant, previously ventilated patients experienced longer ventilation durations, ICU and hospital stays, and inferior survival (all p < .001). Hospital outcomes and survival worsened with longer pretransplant ventilation. One‐year and overall survival were similar between the no‐ventilation and ≤1 week groups (p = .703 & p = .433, respectively) but were significantly worse for ventilation durations >1 week (p < .001). On multivariable analysis, ventilation ≤1 week did not predict mortality (HR 0.98 [95% CI 0.85–1.43]), whereas ventilation >1 week did (HR: 1.18 [1.01–1.39]).ConclusionsLonger pretransplant ventilation portends worse outcomes, although only ventilation >1 week predicts mortality. These findings can inform pretransplant prognostication.