bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the relationship between co-worker and supervisor support, self- confidence, coping skills and burnout in residential aged care staff
Authors: Low Yin Siu , Bhar Sunil , Chen Won Sun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Staff working in residential aged care facilities face unique challenges and stressors in their workplaces which increase their risk for occupational burnout. Burnout in this workforce results in low job satisfaction, increased levels of absenteeism and poor retention rates. Given Australia’s ageing population and the demand for residential aged care staff, it is imperative to explore predictors of burnout in this cohort in order to help staff prevent and manage burnout.

Methods
This study examined the extent to which co-worker and supervisor support, self-confidence and adaptive coping skills predicted burnout among residential aged care staff, after controlling for staff demographics, organisational climate and work patterns. One hundred and thirty three residential aged care staff across Australia were surveyed using online questionnaires measuring levels of co-worker and supervisor support, self- confidence, adaptive coping skills and burnout.

Results
Regression analyses indicated that, overall, co-worker and supervisor support, self-confidence, and adaptive coping predicted each dimension of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment). After controlling for covariates and other predictors: confidence significantly predicted all three dimensions; support significantly predicted emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and adaptive coping significantly predicted emotional exhaustion.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that co-worker and supervisor support, self- confidence and adaptive coping skills need to be addressed to prevent and manage occupational burnout for residential aged care staff in Australia.
Experiences of Norwegian child and school health nurses with the “Starting Right™” child health assessment innovation: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Robstad Nastasja , Westergren Thomas , Mølland Eirin , Abildsnes Eirik , Haraldstad Kristin , Stamnes Köpp Unni Mette , Håland Åshild Tellefsen , Fegran Liv 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough child health services are well established in Norway, the use of information technology for the systematic collection of evidence-based child- and proxy-reported health measures may be beneficial in the early identification of child development problems. The Norwegian “Starting Right™” health service innovation consists of parent- and child-reported online structured health assessments tools, including practical routines for child and school health assessments. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of child and school health nurses with the Starting Right innovation.MethodsWe used a qualitative design and conducted three focus group interviews with 18 child and school health nurses from three child health centres one year after the implementation of the innovation.ResultsThe experiences of professionals with the Starting Right innovation were captured by three themes: (1) the digital innovation could be used to obtain a good overview of a child’s health and development; (2) interpreting the questionnaires was a challenge; and (3) implementing the new digital innovation was time-consuming.ConclusionsOverall, the child and school health nurses experienced that the Starting Right innovation was useful for providing a comprehensive overview of child development and health. The challenges related to interpreting the parents’ scores and follow-up of children, as well as providing the questionnaires in relevant foreign languages, should be addressed to allow all children and families to be reached.
Post-translational modifications on the retinoblastoma protein
Authors: Zhou Linbin , Ng Danny Siu-Chun , Yam Jason C. , Chen Li Jia , Tham Clement C. , Pang Chi Pui , Chu Wai Kit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe retinoblastoma protein (pRb) functions as a cell cycle regulator controlling G1 to S phase transition and plays critical roles in tumour suppression. It is frequently inactivated in various tumours. The functions of pRb are tightly regulated, where post-translational modifications (PTMs) play crucial roles, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation and methylation. Most PTMs on pRb are reversible and can be detected in non-cancerous cells, playing an important role in cell cycle regulation, cell survival and differentiation. Conversely, altered PTMs on pRb can give rise to anomalies in cell proliferation and tumourigenesis. In this review, we first summarize recent findings pertinent to how individual PTMs impinge on pRb functions. As many of these PTMs on pRb were published as individual articles, we also provide insights on the coordination, either collaborations and/or competitions, of the same or different types of PTMs on pRb. Having a better understanding of how pRb is post-translationally modulated should pave the way for developing novel and specific therapeutic strategies to treat various human diseases.
Patients phenotypes and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes: the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B. , Musani Solomon K. , Bertoni Alain G. , Correa Adolfo , Fox Ervin R. , Mentz Robert J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular prognosis related to type 2 diabetes may not be adequately captured by information on comorbid conditions such as obesity and hypertension. To inform the cardiovascular prognosis among diabetic individuals, we conducted phenotyping using a clustering approach based on clinical data, echocardiographic indices and biomarkers.

Methods
We performed a cluster analysis on clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic variables from 529 Blacks with diabetes in the Jackson Heart Study. An association between identified clusters and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE- composite of coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure and atrial fibrillation) was assessed using Cox proportional hazards modeling.

Results
Cluster analysis separated individuals with diabetes (68% women, mean age 60 ± 10 years) into three distinct clusters (Clusters 1,2 &3 - with Cluster 3 being a hypertrophic cluster characterized by highest LV mass, levels of brain natriuretic peptide [BNP] and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-I [hs-cTnI]). After a median 12.1 years, there were 141 cardiovascular events. Compared to Cluster1, Clusters 3 had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio [HR] 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08, 2.37), while Cluster 2 had a similar risk of outcome (HR 1.11; 95% CI 0.73, 168).

Conclusions
Among Blacks with diabetes, cluster analysis identified three distinct echocardiographic and biomarkers phenotypes, with cluster 3 (high LV mass, high cardiac biomarkers) associated with worse outcomes, thus highlighting the prognostic value of subclinical myocardial dysfunction.
Intestinal metastasis from choriocarcinoma: a case series and literature review
Authors: Wang Yuting , Wang Zhe , Zhu Xiaoxu , Wan Qihong , Han Peilin , Ying Jun , Qian Jianhua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Gestational choriocarcinoma is a rare trophoblastic tumor that spreads mainly to the lung, liver, and central nervous system. Fewer than 5% of patients present with metastasis to the gastrointestinal system and have a poor prognosis

Case presentation
We describe four cases of patients with intestinal metastasis from choriocarcinoma who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine and the First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou between April 2012 and October 2019. Four patients presented with gastrointestinal symptoms or developed gastrointestinal symptoms during treatment for choriocarcinoma. Three patients had these intestinal lesions surgically removed, and the postoperative pathology results suggested choriocarcinoma. All patients received multiple chemotherapy regimens during treatment for suboptimal human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels; one patient died 22 months after a definitive diagnosis was made, and the other three patients are still undergoing regular follow-up.

Conclusion
Given the low incidence of intestinal metastases from choriocarcinoma, the metastatic route of intestinal metastases from choriocarcinoma remains to be elucidated, and diagnosis mainly depends on pathology findings. An effective treatment has not been determined, and surgical excision with chemotherapy is generally accepted.
Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 dynamics predict durable response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors and survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: de Miguel-Perez Diego , Russo Alessandro , Arrieta Oscar , Ak Murat , Barron Feliciano , Gunasekaran Muthukumar , Mamindla Priyadarshini , Lara-Mejia Luis , Peterson Christine B. , Er Mehmet E. , Peddagangireddy Vishal , Buemi Francesco , Cooper Brandon , Manca Paolo , Lapidus Rena G. , Hsia Ru-Ching , Cardona Andres F. , Naing Aung , Kaushal Sunjay , Hirsch Fred R. , Mack Philip C. , Serrano Maria Jose , Adamo Vincenzo , Colen Rivka R. , Rolfo Christian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) changed the therapeutic landscape of patients with lung cancer. However, only a subset of them derived clinical benefit and evidenced the need to identify reliable predictive biomarkers. Liquid biopsy is the non-invasive and repeatable analysis of biological material in body fluids and a promising tool for cancer biomarkers discovery. In particular, there is growing evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in tumor progression and in tumor-immune interactions. Thus, we evaluated whether extracellular vesicle PD-L1 expression could be used as a biomarker for prediction of durable treatment response and survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing treatment with ICIs.MethodsDynamic changes in EV PD-L1 were analyzed in plasma samples collected before and at 9 ± 1 weeks during treatment in a retrospective and a prospective independent cohorts of 33 and 39 patients, respectively.ResultsAs a result, an increase in EV PD-L1 was observed in non-responders in comparison to responders and was an independent biomarker for shorter progression-free survival and overall survival. To the contrary, tissue PD-L1 expression, the commonly used biomarker, was not predictive neither for durable response nor survival.ConclusionThese findings indicate that EV PD-L1 dynamics could be used to stratify patients with advanced NSCLC who would experience durable benefit from ICIs.
Depleting receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and HER2 overcomes resistance to EGFR inhibitors in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yang Lu , Bhattacharya Arup , Li Yun , Sexton Sandra , Ling Xiang , Li Fengzhi , Zhang Yuesheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, including cetuximab and panitumumab, are valuable therapeutics for colorectal cancer (CRC), but resistance to these inhibitors is common. The reason for such resistance is not well understood, which hampers development of better therapeutic strategies. Although activating mutations in KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA are considered major drivers of CRC resistance to EGFR inhibitors, therapeutic targeting of these drug resistance drivers has not produced substantial clinical benefit.

Methods
We exploited cell lines and mouse tumor models (cell line xenografts and patient derived xenografts) for experiments of genetic and pharmacologic depletion of EGFR and/or its family member HER2, including EGFR mutants, inhibition of EGFR ligand shedding, and biochemical analysis of signaling proteins, to delineate the mechanism of CRC resistance to EGFR inhibitors and to assess the therapeutic activity of PEPDG278D, which is a recombinant human protein that induces the degradation of both EGFR and HER2.

Results
The sensitivity of CRC cells to cetuximab and panitumumab correlates with the ability of these drugs to induce EGFR downregulation. PEPDG278D strongly inhibits oncogenic signaling and growth of CRC cells by causing profound depletion of EGFR and HER2, regardless of activating mutations of KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA. siRNA knockdown of EGFR or HER2 also inhibits CRC cells resistant to EGFR inhibitors. Tumors harboring mutated KRAS, BRAF and/or PIK3CA also overexpress EGFR ligands, further suggesting that EGFR signaling remains important to the tumors. While excessive tumor-generated high-affinity EGFR ligands block target engagement by PEPDG278D, aderbasib, an inhibitor of ADAM10 and ADAM17, enables PEPDG278D to exert strong antitumor activity by inhibiting ligand shedding. Moreover, adding fluorouracil, which is commonly used in CRC treatment, to the combination of PEPDG278D and aderbasib further enhances tumor inhibition.

Conclusions
Our study shows that CRC resistance to EGFR inhibitors results primarily from the inability of the inhibitors to downregulate their target and that a PEPDG278D-based combination treatment overcomes the resistance.
Pastoral livelihood pathways transitions in northern Kenya: The process and impact of drought
Authors: Kirui Leonard K. , Jensen Nathaniel D. , Obare Gideon A. , Kariuki Isaac M. , Chelanga Philemon K. , Ikegami Munenobu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecurrent droughts and long-term changes to climate, social structures, and the economy in the world’s arid and semi-arid lands have impacted pastoralists’ livelihood activities over time, resulting in different livelihood pathways. Some pastoralists continue to follow more traditional strategies of herd accumulation, while others frequently engage in livestock markets and value addition activities, and others still are dropping out of pastoralism. Using data collected over 6 years from 924 households in northern Kenya and applying a generalized structural dynamic multinomial logit model, this study quantitatively determined the dynamic transitions between livelihood categories conditional on drought incidences. From the results, there were considerable and frequent transitions between livelihood pathways within the panel period (2009–2015). Notably, many households that started in the low-cash income, larger herd size category denoted as hanging in, were transitioning to lower cash income with small herds (dropping out). At the same time, there was a great deal of back and forth between the category with low-cash income and small herd size (dropping out) and the category with higher cash income and small herd size (moving out), indicating that moving out was the only way out of poverty. Also, an increase in vegetation index from a drought season where the index was at a 10% level to a good season where the level was 90% decreased the likelihood of households dropping out from a predicted probability of 37.9 to 28.7% and increased the likelihood of moving up and moving out from 22.2 to 25.0% and 22.6 to 34.3%, respectively, unconditionally. The study findings imply that any livelihood interventions aimed at reducing the impact of drought and alleviating poverty among pastoral households should support the transition to market-oriented, relatively successful pathways and also protect households from falling back into the ranks of poverty by dropping out.
Online sex-seeking among Chinese heterosexual men who seek care in sexually transmitted infections clinics: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Changchang , Tang Weiming , Ho Hung Chak , Zhao Peizhen , Chen Lei , Wang Yajie , Xiong Mingzhou , Yang Bin , Zheng Heping , Wang Cheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The Internet has become an important virtual venue for men who have sex with men to seek sexual partners, with a high potential threat to spread sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, the online sex-seeking use and its risk causing STIs spread remain unclear among heterosexual men. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the use of online sex-seeking venues and the related risky sex activities (e.g. condomless sex, quick sex) in STIs clinics in Guangdong, China.

Methods
These STIs clinics were involved in the Guangdong governmental sentinel network and we recruited heterosexual men (age >  = 18) between March and August 2018. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with online sex-seeking use and risky sex activities with online sex partners.

Results
191 of 2,154 participants (8.9%) ever sought sex online. Among users,16.8% met their partners in-person within 24 h, 31.4% engaged in condomless sex with their last online partner. Online sex-seeking was positively associated with a) Ever been diagnosed with STIs (aOR = 3.0, 95%CI:2.0–4.6), and b) Had casual sex in the last three months (aOR = 3.3, 95%CI 2.4–4.6). Condomless sex with the last online partner was negatively associated with the correct answer of “Having only one partner can reduce the risk to infect HIV” (aOR = 0.3, 95%CI:0.1–0.8).

Conclusion
In China, online sex-seeking and its related risky sexual activities are not rare among heterosexual men. Future prevention strategies to reduce STIs incidence should especially target heterosexual men engaging in online sex-seeking.
N-terminally truncated Aβ4-x proteoforms and their relevance for Alzheimer’s pathophysiology
Authors: Rostagno Agueda , Cabrera Erwin , Lashley Tammaryn , Ghiso Jorge 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The molecular heterogeneity of Alzheimer’s amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits extends well beyond the classic Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42 dichotomy, substantially expanded by multiple post-translational modifications that increase the proteome diversity. Numerous truncated fragments consistently populate the brain Aβ peptidome, and their homeostatic regulation and potential contribution to disease pathogenesis are largely unknown. Aβ4-x peptides have been reported as major components of plaque cores and the limited studies available indicate their relative abundance in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Methods
Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the topographic distribution of Aβ4-x species in well-characterized AD cases using custom-generated monoclonal antibody 18H6—specific for Aβ4-x species and blind for full-length Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42—in conjunction with thioflavin-S and antibodies recognizing Aβx-40 and Aβx-42 proteoforms. Circular dichroism, thioflavin-T binding, and electron microscopy evaluated the biophysical and aggregation/oligomerization properties of full-length and truncated synthetic homologues, whereas stereotaxic intracerebral injections of monomeric and oligomeric radiolabeled homologues in wild-type mice were used to evaluate their brain clearance characteristics.

Results
All types of amyloid deposits contained the probed Aβ epitopes, albeit expressed in different proportions. Aβ4-x species showed preferential localization within thioflavin-S-positive cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cored plaques, strongly suggesting poor clearance characteristics and consistent with the reduced solubility and enhanced oligomerization of their synthetic homologues. In vivo clearance studies demonstrated a fast brain efflux of N-terminally truncated and full-length monomeric forms whereas their oligomeric counterparts—particularly of Aβ4-40 and Aβ4-42—consistently exhibited enhanced brain retention.

Conclusions
The persistence of aggregation-prone Aβ4-x proteoforms likely contributes to the process of amyloid formation, self-perpetuating the amyloidogenic loop and exacerbating amyloid-mediated pathogenic pathways.
Antioxidant potential of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains from the sow milk bacterial collection in weaned piglets
Authors: Wang Leli , Liu Qihang , Chen Yuwei , Zheng Xinlei , Wang Chuni , Qi Yining , Dong Yachao , Xiao Yue , Chen Cang , Chen Taohong , Huang Qiuyun , Zhai Zongzhao , Long Cimin , Yang Huansheng , Li Jianzhong , Wang Lei , Zhang Gaihua , Liao Peng , Liu Yong-Xin , Huang Peng , Huang Jialu , Wang Qiye , Chu Huanhuan , Yin Jia , Yin Yulong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn modern animal husbandry, breeders pay increasing attention to improving sow nutrition during pregnancy and lactation to favor the health of neonates. Sow milk is a main food source for piglets during their first three weeks of life, which is not only a rich repository of essential nutrients and a broad range of bioactive compounds, but also an indispensable source of commensal bacteria. Maternal milk microorganisms are important sources of commensal bacteria for the neonatal gut. Bacteria from maternal milk may confer a health benefit on the host.MethodsSow milk bacteria were isolated using culturomics followed by identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. To screen isolates for potential probiotic activity, the functional evaluation was conducted to assess their antagonistic activity against pathogensin vitroand evaluate their resistance against oxidative stress in damagedDrosophilainduced by paraquat. In a piglet feeding trial, a total of 54 newborn suckling piglets were chosen from nine sows and randomly assigned to three treatments with different concentrations of a candidate strain. Multiple approaches were carried out to verify its antioxidant function including western blotting, enzyme activity analysis, metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.ResultsThe 1240 isolates were screened out from the sow milk microbiota and grouped into 271 bacterial taxa based on a nonredundant set of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Among 80Pediococcusisolates, a newPediococcus pentosaceusstrain (SMM914) showed the best performance in inhibition ability against swine pathogens and in aDrosophilamodel challenged by paraquat. Pretreatment of piglets with SMM914 induced the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant signaling pathway and greatly affected the pathways of amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism in plasma. In the colon, the relative abundance ofLactobacilluswas significantly increased in the high dose SMM914 group compared with the control group.ConclusionP. pentosaceusSMM914 is a promising probiotic conferring antioxidant capacity by activating the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant signaling pathway in piglets. Our study provided useful resources for better understanding the relationships between the maternal microbiota and offspring.