bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of a novel form of zinc with zinc oxide bolus licensed for prevention of facial eczema, and interaction with copper oxide in sheep
Authors: Berry EA , Milner SJ , Bosson M. , McDougall S 
Published: October 2022

To evaluate a novel elemental zinc bolus compared with a registered positive control zinc oxide bolus and assess serum zinc concentrations following concomitant treatment with a capsule containing copper oxide needles. Forty Romney‐cross ewes were randomly allocated in a 2 × 2 factorial design study. On Day 0, 20 ewes received novel boluses containing elemental zinc (Investigational Veterinary Product, IVP) while 20 received a zinc oxide bolus (control; CP). Half the animals in each zinc treatment group (n = 10) were treated with a copper oxide needle capsule [Copasure® ‐ Ewe]. Weekly, from Day −7 to 56, all ewes were assessed for signs of photosensitization, and for 10 ewes from each zinc treatment groups, samples were collected for analysis of serum GGT activity, serum zinc concentrations, faecal zinc concentrations and on Days −7 and 56, liver copper concentrations. Multivariable random‐effects models assessed the effects of zinc treatment, copper treatment, treatment interactions and time on all analytes. Regression models examined associations between serum and faecal zinc concentrations and GGT activity. Low spore numbers indicated low Pithomyces chartarum challenge. Serum zinc levels were significantly higher in the IVP than in the CP group [p < 0.0001] and varied by time [p < 0.001] and positively associated with faecal zinc concentration [p < 0.001]. Copper treatment did not affect serum zinc [p = 0.82] or faecal zinc [p = 0.92] concentrations. Liver copper concentrations did not differ between zinc treatment groups on Day −7 [p = 0.6] or Day 56 [p = 0.95]. Only the CP/no copper group had no increase in liver copper concentrations.
Instrumented Difference-in-Differences
Authors: Ye Ting , Ertefaie Ashkan , Flory James , Hennessy Sean , Small Dylan S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnmeasured confounding is a key threat to reliable causal inference based on observational studies. Motivated from two powerful natural experiment devices, the instrumental variables and difference-in-differences, we propose a new method called instrumented difference-in-differences that explicitly leverages exogenous randomness in an exposure trend to estimate the average and conditional average treatment effect in the presence of unmeasured confounding. We develop the identification assumptions using the potential outcomes framework. We propose a Wald estimator and a class of multiply robust and efficient semiparametric estimators, with provable consistency and asymptotic normality. In addition, we extend the instrumented difference-in-differences to a two-sample design to facilitate investigations of delayed treatment effect and provide a measure of weak identification. We demonstrate our results in simulated and real datasets.
CEDAR: Communication Efficient Distributed Analysis for Regressions
Authors: Chang Changgee , Bu Zhiqi , Long Qi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Electronic health records (EHRs) offer great promises for advancing precision medicine and, at the same time, present significant analytical challenges. Particularly, it is often the case that patient-level data in EHRs cannot be shared across institutions (data sources) due to government regulations and/or institutional policies. As a result, there are growing interests about distributed learning over multiple EHRs databases without sharing patient-level data. To tackle such challenges, we propose a novel communication efficient method that aggregates the optimal estimates of external sites, by turning the problem into a missing data problem. In addition, we propose incorporating posterior samples of remote sites, which can provide partial information on the missing quantities and improve efficiency of parameter estimates while having the differential privacy property and thus reducing the risk of information leaking. The proposed approach, without sharing the raw patient level data, allows for proper statistical inference. We provide theoretical investigation for the asymptotic properties of the proposed method for statistical inference as well as differential privacy, and evaluate its performance in simulations and real data analyses in comparison with several recently developed methods.
Looking more masculine among females: Spatial context modulates gender perception of face and biological motion
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Cheng Yuhui , Yuan Xiangyong , Jiang Yi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPerception of visual information highly depends on spatial context. For instance, perception of a low‐level visual feature, such as orientation, can be shifted away from its surrounding context, exhibiting a simultaneous contrast effect. Although previous studies have demonstrated the adaptation aftereffect of gender, a high‐level visual feature, it remains largely unknown whether gender perception can also be shaped by a simultaneously presented context. In the present study, we found that the gender perception of a central face or a point‐light walker was repelled away from the gender of its surrounding faces or walkers. A norm‐based opponent model of lateral inhibition, which accounts for the adaptation aftereffect of high‐level features, can also excellently fit the simultaneous contrast effect. But different from the reported contextual effect of low‐level features, the simultaneous contrast effect of gender cannot be observed when the centre and the surrounding stimuli are from different categories, or when the surrounding stimuli are suppressed from awareness. These findings on one hand reveal a resemblance between the simultaneous contrast effect and the adaptation aftereffect of high‐level features, on the other hand highlight different biological mechanisms underlying the contextual effects of low‐ and high‐level visual features.
Citizenship deservingness justifies exclusive national boundary making: A socio‐dynamic mixed‐methods approach to social representations of citizenship
Authors: Politi Emanuele , Sarrasin Oriane , Staerklé Christian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNaturalization policies prescribe the conditions immigrants must fulfil to be legally recognized as national citizens in a receiving country. When changes in naturalization policies are publicly debated, divergent opinions on national boundary making reveal social representations of citizenship as spaces of political contention. This research offers a socio‐dynamic analysis of citizenship representations in the context of a recent referendum on a simplified naturalization procedure for third‐generation immigrants in Switzerland. Automatic lexicometric techniques enriched with reflexive thematic analysis were performed on a post‐vote survey (VOTO, N = 998), to examine how voters grounded their voting decisions via different citizenship representations. The results showed that ascribed criteria based on natural birthrights and cultural assimilation were mobilized in favour of more permissive access to nationality. Conversely, allegedly achievable criteria based on citizenship deservingness were mobilized against. These findings provide new evidence about citizenship deservingness as a neoliberal strategy legitimizing exclusive national boundary making.
The diffusion of governance standards in public corporate governance codes: Measurement framework and three countries comparison
Authors: Papenfuß Ulf , Wagner‐Krechlok Kristin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch Question/IssueThis study analyzes the diffusion of internationally recognized governance standards in public corporate governance codes. Local, state, and federal governments issue very different codes for their state‐owned enterprises, which reflect governments' understanding of corporate governance.Research Findings/InsightsDeveloping and applying a comprehensive measurement framework with 150 criteria to 60 public corporate governance codes in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, the study shows that the diffusion varies considerably between codes and regulatory fields (e.g., directors, auditing). Governments react very differently to similar governance challenges and show varying degrees of willingness to regulate the corporate governance of their state‐owned enterprises.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsThis study enhances the understanding of the diffusion of governance standards in the under‐researched context of government ownership. The findings imply the need for comprehensive measurement approaches to gain a nuanced theoretical understanding on the diffusion and underlying mechanisms. Future research could use the measurement framework or single regulatory fields to generate data to investigate different theoretical questions regarding many areas of corporate governance. Derived from the findings and neo‐institutional theory, the study develops propositions about potential drivers of diffusion differences, offering avenues for advancing future theory‐building.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study develops a comprehensive measurement framework to quantify the diffusion of governance standards in public corporate governance codes in international comparisons. Governments, standard‐setters, and other actors (e.g., directors, auditors) could use it for condensed overviews, implementing or revising codes, and reflecting on governance practices. Overall, data show a severe need to improve the quality of public corporate governance codes.
Adverse PFAS effects on mouse oocyte in vitro maturation are associated with carbon‐chain length and inclusion of a sulfonate group
Authors: Feng Jianan , Soto‐Moreno Edgar J. , Prakash Aashna , Balboula Ahmed Z. , Qiao Huanyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are man‐made chemicals that are widely used in various products. PFAS are characterized by their fluorinated carbon chains that make them hard to degrade and bioaccumulate in human and animals. Toxicological studies have shown PFAS toxic effects: cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. However, it is still unclear how the structures of PFAS, such as carbon‐chain length and functional groups, determine their reproductive toxicity.Methods and ResultsBy using a mouse‐oocyte‐in‐vitro‐maturation (IVM) system, we found the toxicity of two major categories of PFAS, perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (PFCA) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid (PFSA), is elevated with increasing carbon‐chain length and the inclusion of the sulfonate group. Specifically, at 600 μM, perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) reduced the rates of both germinal‐vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and polar‐body extrusion (PBE) as well as enlarged polar bodies. However, the shorter PFSA, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), and all PFCA did not show similar adverse cytotoxicity. Further, we found that 600 μM PFHxS and PFOS exposure induced excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Cytoskeleton analysis revealed that PFHxS and PFOS exposure induced chromosome misalignment, abnormal F‐actin organization, elongated spindle formation, and symmetric division in the treated oocytes. These meiotic defects compromised oocyte developmental competence after parthenogenetic activation.ConclusionsOur study provides new information on the structure‐toxicity relationship of PFAS.
Remember your roots: Biogeographic properties of plants' native habitats can inform invasive plant risk assessments
Authors: Pfadenhauer William G. , Nelson Michael F. , Laginhas Brit B. , Bradley Bethany A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimReducing the effects of invasive plants is best accomplished by predicting which species will invade and preventing their introduction. To do this, risk assessments rely on a variety of plant traits and biogeographic properties to predict potential invasiveness. However, the relative importance of these traits and properties is unknown. Determining which biogeographic properties contribute the most to predicting invasiveness could improve the accuracy and reduce the time needed to complete future risk assessments. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis and ranking of the biogeographic properties that best differentiate invasive and noninvasive plant species.LocationConterminous United States.MethodsWe compiled county‐level distributions of 10,721 vascular plant species native to the conterminous United States of which 884 were established elsewhere and 131 were invasive elsewhere. For each species, we used native distribution data to calculate biogeographic properties, including range size, human modification and abiotic niche breadth. We assessed the ability of biogeographic properties to predict whether each species was invasive outside of the United States using random forest classification models.ResultsVariables that represent the breadth of a species' native range, including the ranges of soil textures, ranges of soil fertility and total geographic area, are strong predictors of plant invasiveness. Models that included these variables correctly classified 86% of invasive species and 62% of noninvasive species. Variables representing resource availability and disturbance regime were not useful for distinguishing between established and invasive species.Main conclusionsFocusing on niche breadth properties could improve the accuracy of risk assessments and reduce the effort spent compiling information with lower predictive power. The importance of niche breadth in this analysis supports previous findings that broad physiological tolerance enables survival and reproduction in numerous environments, thereby increasing the likelihood of invasion.
Factors influencing participation in home, school, and community settings by children and adolescents with neuromuscular disorders: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Stroobach Aysha , Wilson Andrew C. , Lam Jenny , Hall Graham L. , Withers Adelaide , Downs Jenny 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThis study explored how children and adolescents with a neuromuscular disorder (NMD) and their parents experienced barriers and enablers to the child's participation.MethodThis was a qualitative descriptive design. Fourteen semi‐structured interviews were conducted (n = 13 mothers, n = 4 fathers, n = 8 children and adolescents) including one to three family members for each interview according to their preference. Data were analysed by content analysis, using the family of Participation‐Related Constructs (fPRC), to characterize the components of participation.ResultsMeaningful participation was illustrated in the personal categories of the fPRC including the child's sense of self, preferences, and competence to perform activities. Enablers and barriers related to adaptive equipment and activity modification, social relationships, inclusion, accessibility to venues, social attitudes, and policies.InterpretationPersonal motivators are critical to understanding what participation is meaningful to children and adolescents with NMDs. Social and physical supports within the child's immediate environment as well as accessibility and advocacy more widely in the community enable participation. The fPRC is a useful tool for understanding participation in these children; it informs how to support participation and suggests domains for evaluation in future intervention studies. Advocacy for participation should consider targets in the immediate and broader environments.What this paper adds

The family of Participation‐Related Constructs classified the components of participation for children and adolescents with neuromuscular disorders.
Meaningful participation involved a complex interaction between personal and environmental factors.
Barriers to participation included poor accessibility, lack of equipment, and social exclusion.
Glucagon induces the hepatic expression of inflammatory markers in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Andreozzi Francesco , Di Fatta Concetta , Spiga Rosangela , Mannino Gaia Chiara , Mancuso Elettra , Averta Carolina , De Caro Carmen , Tallarico Martina , Leo Antonio , Citraro Rita , Russo Emilio , De Sarro Giovambattista , Sesti Giorgio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlucagon exerts multiple hepatic actions, including stimulation of glycogenolysis/gluconeogenesis. The liver plays a crucial role in chronic inflammation by synthesizing proinflammatory molecules, which are thought to contribute to insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia. Whether glucagon affects hepatic expression of proinflammatory cytokines and acute‐phase reactants is unknown. Herein, we report a positive relationship between fasting glucagon levels and circulating interleukin (IL)‐1β (r = 0.252, p = .042), IL‐6 (r = 0.230, p = .026), fibrinogen (r = 0.193, p = .031), complement component 3 (r = 0.227, p = .024) and high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (r = 0.230, p = .012) in individuals without diabetes. In CD1 mice, 4‐week continuous treatment with glucagon induced a significant increase in circulating IL‐1β (p = .02), and IL‐6 (p = .001), which was countered by the contingent administration of the glucagon receptor antagonist, GRA‐II. Consistent with these results, we detected a significant increase in the hepatic activation of inflammatory pathways, such as expression of NLRP3 (p < .02), and the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF‐κB; p < .02) and STAT3 (p < .01). In HepG2 cells, we found that glucagon dose‐dependently stimulated the expression of IL‐1β (p < .002), IL‐6 (p < .002), fibrinogen (p < .01), complement component 3 (p < .01) and C‐reactive protein (p < .01), stimulated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome (p < .01) and caspase‐1 (p < .05), induced the phosphorylation of TRAF2 (p < .01), NF‐κB (p < .01) and STAT3 (p < .01). Preincubating cells with GRA‐II inhibited the ability of glucagon to induce an inflammatory response. Using HepaRG cells, we confirmed the dose‐dependent ability of glucagon to stimulate the expression of NLRP3, the phosphorylation of NF‐κB and STAT3, in the absence of GRA‐II. These results suggest that glucagon has proinflammatory effects that may participate in the pathogenesis of hyperglycaemia and unfavourable cardiometabolic risk profile.
Associations between temperament dimensions and dental anxiety in parents of the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Arkkila Juuso , Suominen Auli , Nolvi Saara , Rantavuori Kari , Karlsson Hasse , Karlsson Linnea , Lahti Satu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe evaluated associations between dental anxiety and four temperament dimensions: effortful control, extraversion/surgency, negative affect and orienting sensitivity among 2558 parents in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dental anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, and temperament with the Adult Temperament Questionnaire. Associations between dental anxiety and temperament dimensions were modelled using linear and logistic (cut‐off ≥ 19 for high dental anxiety) regression analyses adjusting for general anxiety and depressive symptoms, age and education. In women and men, dental anxiety was positively associated with negative affect (women β = 1.10; 95%CI 1.06–1.15; men β = 1.11; 95%CI 1.05–1.18) and negatively associated with effortful control (women β = 0.95; 95% CI0.92–0.99, men β = 0.90; 95% CI 0.85–0.95). In women, extraversion/surgency was also positively associated with dental anxiety (β = 1.04; 95%CI 1.00–1.08). For high dental anxiety, negative affect in women (OR = 2.00; 95%CI 1.31–3.06) and men (OR = 5.21; 95%CI 1.72–15.83) and for extraversion/surgency in women (OR = 1.50; 95%CI 1.01–1.47) associated positively with dental anxiety, but for effortful control, the association was not statistically significant. Dentists should understand that temperament dimensions affect the risk for dental anxiety more strongly than general anxiety or depressive symptoms. Dimensions negative affect and extraversion/surgency may increase and effortful control decrease the risk.
Being prepared for huanglongbing disease of citrus: a simulation exercise workshop for contingency planning held in Valencia, Spain
Authors: Aragón Carola , Dalmau Vicente , Escrivà Carles , Ferrer Amparo , Forner‐Giner Maria Ăngeles , Galvañ Anaís , García‐Figuera Sara , Lázaro Elena , Meyer Joséphine , Tanner Rob , Vicent Antonio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContingency plans aim to ensure a rapid and effective response to an outbreak of a pest likely which is to have a major impact. Huanglongbing is a devastating disease of citrus not yet present in the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) region. A simulation exercise workshop for contingency planning was held in Valencia, Spain over 3 days in October 2021 as part of the PRE‐HLB project funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 programme. In total, 49 experts from the EPPO region attended the workshop. Participants represented a range of stakeholders from citrus cooperatives, grower associations, nursery workers, citrus exporters, landscapers and gardeners, scientists, Regional Plant Health Authorities, National Plant Protection Organizations and the European Commission. Participants were split into five groups and each group acted as an outbreak management team for a scenario based on a finding of a quarantine pest. The scenario followed the first (fictitious) finding of Diaphorina citri (the insect vector of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’, a causal agent of huanglongbing) at a citrus orchard in Spain. As the scenario developed over a month time scale, each team had to organize themselves to manage a number of issues designed to mimic the development of an outbreak of huanglongbing of citrus over the course of the exercise. The groups acknowledged the usefulness of the Spanish contingency plans for huanglongbing and its vectors, the EPPO Standards, and the risk‐based surveillance design tool RiBESS+.