bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COPD, Asthma and Pneumothorax as Climate Sensitive Health outcomes
Authors: Insija Ilyas Selene , Dennis Peter Jacob , Jemin Aby Jose , Valamparampil Mathew Joseph , Pillai Harish Kumar Gopalakrishna , Nair Gayatri Bindu , Raj Dhanya , Nair Sanjeev , Nujum Zinia Thajudeen 
Published: October 2022

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD), pneumothorax and asthma are climate sensitive diseases contributing a significant proportion of the respiratory disease morbidity. Even when the monsoon rainfall is high, recent years have witnessed an increase in the average temperature in Kerala. The study aims to determine the trends in hospital admissions for these diseases and associated factors during 2011 to 2015 at a tertiary care hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, India. Methods: Record based retrospective study was done at Chest Disease Hospital at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Data regarding the patients admitted from January 2011 to December 2015 was collected and trend analysis was done. Change in occurrence over the 5 year period was estimated and associations with co-existing diseases were determined. Results:A significant difference in the occurrence of COPD cases was seen during the months of July to December when compared between 2011 and 2015 with a significant rise in mean age of occurrence(p<0.001). Similar findings was seen with asthma with seasonally varying occurrences resulting in increased hospital admissions. No such seasonal variation could be seen for pneumothorax. Conclusions: The consistently shifting age patterns and the seasonal variation in occurrences, are in line with evidences from around the world which points to the urgent focus to be given to climate related respiratory diseases. Steady increase in occurrence of asthma and significant association of COPD with several co-morbidities are important areas of concern.
Feasibility assessment of facility based blood glucose monitoring among patients with Tuberculosis in North India
Authors: Singh Mitasha , Bhardwaj Ashok Kumar , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: October 2022

Background: Screening TB patients for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) could be an efficient tool for early diagnosis of DM leading to improved treatment outcomes and integrated management of TB-DM co-morbidity. It is feasible to conduct bidirectional screening for diabetes and TB in India, but the most effective way of doing it is still unknown. Objective: To assess the technical feasibility for glucometer based blood glucose assessment among TB patients and change of blood glucose during their treatment course at secondary health care centers of Northern Indian state. Methods: Prospective study was conducted among all patients diagnosed with TB at the three selected health facilities (District Hospital (DH), Community Health Centres (CHC)-1 and 2). All diagnosed TB patients were assessed for random blood glucose (RBG) using glucometer at three times during anti TB treatment. Results: A total of 200 TB patients were recruited andRBG across facilities observed a statistically significant decline ranging from 35.9 mg/dl in CHC-1 to 36.0 mg/dl in DH. On applying repeated measures model estimated average RBG means at the three points of contact in the TB patients were almost similar to original means and the reduction from baseline to second follow up was statistically significant also for type of facility (mean reduction for CHC Shahpur: 31.17; CHC NB: 30.98; DH Kangra: 27.00 mg/dl; p=0.00). The reduction from baseline to second follow up was still statistically significant when stratified for type of facility and diabetes status. (p=0.01) Conclusion: RBG or fasting blood glucose testing is feasible at health facility (primary or secondary level) during the registration of patient and during and after treatment completion.
Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease And Its Correlates in Adults Residing in an Urban Resettlement Colony of East Delhi
Authors: Yadav Kartikey , Saini N K , Patra Somdatta , Avasthi Rajnish 
Published: October 2022

Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is known as a condition caused by abnormal reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Most common symptoms include heartburn (a burning sensation in the middle of the chest) and regurgitation (an upward moving sensation of stomach content). GERD is a distressing medical condition which is under reported. This study was carried out to study the associated risk factors of GERD.Objective: The primary objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of GERD among adults residing in an urban resettlement colony of East Delhi. The secondary objective was to identify the risk factors associated with it.Methods: It was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted in Nand Nagri, a resettlement colony in East Delhi from November 2016 to April 2018. The study population comprised of 300 adults (18 and above).For assessment of GERD, Questionnaire for Epidemiology of symptomatic GERD was used.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 47.70 years. The prevalence of GERD among study participants was found to be 14.0%. On applying binary logistic regression to find out the predictors of GERD among study participants, female gender, BMI more than or equal to 25, smokers, having comorbid illness, consuming high amount of spices and more than 4 cups of tea or coffee were found to be significant predictors.Conclusion: The prevalence of GERD observed in the study was 14.0%. Significant predictors of GERD were female gender, BMI more than or equal to 25, smokers, having comorbid illness, consuming high amount of spices and consuming more than 4 cups of tea or coffee.
Formulating A Tool to Measure Motivational Values of Women towards Gender of A Child
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Kalia Richa , Kaushal Ankush 
Published: October 2022

Background: Sex ratio at Birth (SRB) is a problem in developing countries as in India. Value system towards gender of child influences SRB in a society. Current study was done to design and assess administrative feasibility of questionnaire to measure motivational values towards the gender of the child amongst women.Methods: The study was done from June to December 2017, wherein, a group of experts agreed to a set of 10 motivational values on which questions were prepared. Face and content validity were tested by the experts from field of social sciences, public health, higher education. They discussed motivational values over series of meetings to agree upon said criteria, nature, and scaling of response of questions were decided.Results: At the beginning, a set of 105 questions were prepared and out of these 52 non-redundant questions were finalized. The distribution of questions was as follows: 6 for power, 3 for achievement, 2 for hedonism, 5 for stimulation, 9 for self-direction, 9 for universalism, 5 for benevolence, 3 for tradition, 4 for conformity, and 6 for security. Feasibility for administration was assessed in a small set of 26 women and majority of women had relatively high average score for power, hedonism, and universalism; moderate score for achievement, and self-direction; and low score for stimulation, benevolence, tradition, conformity, and security.Conclusion: It is feasible to measure motivational values, which influence the behavior of women towards gender of a child. Further validation study needs to be carried out with large sample size to measure inter item correlations and reliability of scale to make the questionnaire more applicable.
IAPSM WB State Conference - 2019
Authors: Editor Chief 
Published: October 2022

The Department of Community Medicine, North Bengal Medical College & Hospital organized the 35th Annual State Conference of the Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine-West Bengal chapter (IAPSMWBCON2019) on 29-30 March 2019 at North Bengal Medical College & Hospital.The theme of the conference was Public Health Issues & Challenges in the 21st Century. The conference provided an excellent platform for scientific exchanges for the delegates and researchers in the field of Community Medicine.The conference was a huge success as 203 delegates (including 70 post graduate trainees) from all over West Bengal and also from neighbouring states attended the event. The event was also graced by Director of Medical Education-Go.WB, Director of Health Services-Go.WB, Chairman RKS-NBMCH and other state and district health officials.
Public Health and Social Measures in the Context of COVID-19 – An Online Study of Households in Kolkata and Nearby Districts of West Bengal
Authors: Sen Bandana , Sarkar Subhajit , Mukherjee Shampa , Ghosal Sarbani Guha , Chattopadhyay Utpal Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
COVID-19, the disease and "lockdown", the preventive measure, can be termed as major watershed of our times as never before in human history human lives and activities have been halted to such a huge level as combat measure against any disease. Under this unprecedented situation, an online survey was conceptualised to see the situation of students' households during lock down period.

Objective:
On the basis of that data, feasibility of adherence regarding public health aspects (like washing hands, physical distances, and restricted movement outside house) are discussed through this study. Moreover, the awareness, capability and feasibility of households to abide by the prescribed norms are numerically measured through related social variable and logical insight.

Method:
Though this cross sectional survey data collected during May 15 to May 31st 2020, three separate indices regarding three major points of guideline e.g. Frequent hand washing, keeping physical distance and staying inside home are devised and finally a composite normalised index is created to judge the overall status of the households.

Results:
This composite index is robust and sensitive enough. It is found to related with the level of living of the households, household size and some other social parameters.

Conclusion:
Respondent households being mostly from Kolkata nearby areas (Howrah, Hooghly, 24 PGS (N) &(S)) of Hindu, General and largely (two-thirds) belonging to 'lower-middle class' (family income per month 15000 or less) can be very well assumed as a representative sample of whole west Bengal. With the help of this composite index we may identify the status of any household in the spectrum of plausibility to adhere the guidelines and public health educative measures can be taken for those households in the long run.
A Study on Knowledge and Attitude on Comprehensive Abortion Care (CAC) among Married Women of Reproductive Age Group with a View to Develop an Awareness Program in a Selected Rural Community, West Bengal
Authors: Roy Barnali , Choudhuri Moitreyee , Dutta Sinjita , Mandal Murari Mohan , Saha Sanjay Kumar , Basu Mausumi 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Comprehensive Abortion Care (CAC) implies that women must be able to access high-quality, affordable abortion care in the communities where they live and work.

Objectives:
To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding CAC among married women of reproductive age group in selected rural community, West Bengal India.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive type of observational study, cross sectional in design was conducted among 400 married women of reproductive age group in selected villages of Gazole and Bamongla Block of Malda District using a pre designed pre tested structured schedule from 9/2017 to 9/2018, a period of 1 year. Data were tabulated in Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20.0.

Results:
About 61.5% belonged to age group of 25-35 years, 78.5% followed Hinduism, 35% completed Secondary education, 59.5% came from nuclear family, 75.5% were home makers, 43% had one child, 64% not opted for abortion, 66% had adequate knowledge, 78% had positive attitude, 55.5% knew meaning of abortion, 78.5% knew place for termination of pregnancy, 76.5% told best method to prevent unwanted pregnancy, 87.5% told why Comprehensive Abortion Care is important.

Conclusion:
Awareness programme on Comprehensive Abortion Care through mass media and interpersonal communication should be initiated at programmatic level.
Occupational Stress among Medical Practitioners in Gandhinagar City, Gujarat: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sinha Anish Kumar , Pandya Apurva Kumar , Pingle Shyam 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
It is well established that medical practitioners experience high levels of job stress. This study assessed the perceived stress and stressors among medical practitioners from various specialities in Gandhinagar City of the Gujarat State.

Materials and Methods:
Using a cross-sectional research design, 72 medical practitioners, from different specialities and practice settings in Gandhinagar City of the Gujarat State, were briefly interviewed using the semi­structured interview protocol and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), during the period from May to June 2019.

Results:
The study showed that the majority of medical practitioners had a moderate level of stress (70%), and 11% of them had a severe level of stress. A chi-square test of independence revealed that gender (p=.0029), speciality (p=.0021), practice setting (p=.021), and experience (p=.001) were statistically significant for stress levels. Further, the average PSS score differed significantly according to stressors, namely, work related (p=.004), financial (p=.008), family (p=.049), excessive workload (p=.001), night duty (p=.012) and long working hours (p=.000). However, most medical practitioners did not perceive stress as a problem, and perhaps for that reason necessary actions for stress management were not reported by them.

Conclusion:
Present study reported high level of stress among medical practitioners, indicating a critical need to address occupational stress among medical practitioners in Gandhinagar City. Immediate actions are warranted for preventing adverse effect of stress on overall health and wellbeing of medical practitioners. Future study on a large sample that assesses stress, mental health risk, and coping responses would be important step.
Elevated Magmatic Chlorine and Sulfur Concentrations in the Eocene-Oligocene Machangqing Cu-Mo Porphyry Systems
Authors: Xu Bo , Hou Zeng-qian , Griffin William L. , Zhou Ye , Zhang Yu-Fei , Lu Yong-Jun , Belousova Elena , Xu Ji-Feng , O’Reilly Suzanne Y. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Machangqing porphyry Cu-Au deposit is located in the Sangjiang region, Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan metallogenic belt, southeastern Tibet. It has three main phases of felsic-mafic intrusions: barren granites, ore-forming porphyry intrusions, and mafic lamprophyres. U-Pb zircon dating shows that these intrusions were emplaced over a period of ~3 m.y., with lamprophyres at 36.50 ± 1.6 Ma (1σ), porphyry intrusion at 34.26 ± 0.22 Ma (1σ), and granite intruded at 34.00 ± 0.26 Ma (1σ). The in situ Rb-Sr analysis of phlogopite and amphibole, primary minerals in the lamprophyres, also gives a date of 36.5 ± 1.5 Ma (2σ), regarded as the emplacement age of the lamprophyre, earlier than the ore-forming porphyry intrusions.
The magmatic phases have significantly different sulfur and chlorine contents. The SO3 contents of igneous apatite microphenocrysts from the mineralization-related porphyry intrusions are higher (0.24 ± 0.14 wt %, 1σ, n = 82) than those from the barren granites (0.08 ± 0.07 wt %, 1σ, n = 30). The chlorine contents in apatite grains from the porphyry intrusions (0.18 ± 0.16 wt %, 1σ) are also higher than those from granites (0.04 ± 0.02 wt % Cl, 1σ). The apatite in lamprophyres have higher sulfur (0.68 ± 0.19 wt %, 1σ, n = 40) and chlorine (0.48 ± 0.13 wt %, 1σ). The large difference of Cl and S in lamprophyres might suggest that elevated magmatic volatile contents derived from the mafic magma were important for ore formation in the Machangqing porphyry systems.
The in situ Sr and O isotopes in apatite phenocrysts from the porphyry intrusions (87Sr/86Sr: 0.70593–0.70850; δ18O: 6.0–7.0) are similar to those in the lamprophyres (87Sr/86Sr: 0.70595–0.70964; δ18O: 5.4–6.9), consistent with similar origins for their volatile contents. These data may indicate that the deeper magma chamber was recharged by a relatively S-Cl-rich mafic magma similar to the lamprophyres, triggering the ore-forming magmatic event. This study also suggests that origin of apatite Sr and also volatile contents, combined with in situ Sr and O isotopes, could be useful for fingerprinting fertile intrusions associated with mineralization within drainage source areas or in outcrops.
Geology, Alteration, and Geochronology of the Cerro Vetas Porphyry Gold-Copper Deposit, Middle Cauca Belt, Colombia
Authors: Ross Colin , Richards Jeremy P. , Sherlock Ross 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Cerro Vetas porphyry deposit is part of the Titiribi district of the Middle Cauca porphyry-epithermal belt of western Colombia. The Cerro Vetas porphyry stock consists of a premineral diorite intruded by a late-mineral quartz monzonite, with intrusion and contact breccias. These units intrude pre-Cenozoic basement metabasalts and schists, Oligocene-Miocene Amagá Formation sedimentary rocks with intercalated andesite flows. Two phases of potassic alteration are recognized, a biotite-dominant phase in the diorite, and secondary K-feldspar in the quartz-monzonite intrusion. An overprinting and grade destructive, calcic-sodic alteration (actinolite + albite ± magnetite) affects both porphyries. Biotite alteration is overprinted by weak-moderate phyllic alteration in the upper 100 m in the deposit. Below 100 m, phyllic alteration assemblages are constrained to structural zones. Mineralization is dominated by a chalcopyrite-gold-pyrite assemblage associated with biotite that is hosted in a truncated stockwork in the apical portion of the deposit with metal ratios typical of a gold-rich copper-gold porphyry. The intrusions were dated, using U-Pb in zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy, to between 7.65 to 7.24 Ma, consistent with other deposits in the Middle Cauca belt. Lithologic, alteration, and stratigraphic relationships at the deposit suggest that the Cerro Vetas porphyry was emplaced at shallow depths and that the upper portion of the deposit has been eroded.
DESIGN OF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL IN SEMARANG REGENCY WITH MODERN ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE APPROACH PERANCANGAN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL DI KABUPATEN SEMARANG DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR MODERN ISLAMI
Authors: Hartanto Muhammad , Mandaka Mutiawati 
Published: October 2022

Perancangan Islamic Boarding School di Kabupaten Semarang merupakan sekolah berbasis asrama yang diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi standart kualitas pendidikan secara optimal serta menciptakan kriteria desain yang modern. Sehingga mampu menciptakan suasana sekolah yang ideal. Perancangan gedung sekolah juga bertujuan untuk mengabungkan antara pendekatan arsitektur modern dengan arsitektur bernuansa islami. Pengolahan ruang dan tampilan lebih sederhana serta mampu memenuhi beberapa kegunaan ruang sekaligus bisa penghematan waktu dan biaya. Arsitektur modern tercipta dari kemajuan teknologi yang semakin hari semakin berkembang sehingga memiliki kecenderungan pada masyarakat untuk memilih sesuatu yang bagus, hemat dan murah.
Neo-Latin Verse Satire, ca. 1500-1800: An Ethical Approach
Authors: Kivistö Sari 
Published: October 2022

Within the framework of reading satire as ethical instruction in poetic form, this book aims to give a thematically focused examination of the still largely unstudied literary history of neo-Latin verse satire written ca. 1500–1800.

Contents:
Introduction: Sermones on Mores
Chapter 1. Programmatic Beginnings: Justif ing Satirical Indignation
Chapter 2. Fathers and Sons: Satirical Tutorials on Life
Chapter 3. How to Be Calm: Ethical Reflections on Poverty and Tranquillity of Mind
Chapter 4. Cures and Incurables: Medical Satire
Chapter 5. Prophetic Floods: Post-Edenic Reality in Religious Satire
Chapter 6. Satirical Exemplarity and the Affective Language of Moral Monuments
Chapter 7. Leaving the Countryside: Ironic Lessons on Conrenrment
Conclusions on the Limits of Satire
Bibliography
Index nominum
The NCP Procedure of the OECD Guidelines: Monitoring and RBC Improvement during the Follow-Up Step
Authors: Mayar Aziza 
Published: October 2022

The NCP Procedure of the OECD Guidelines: Monitoring and RBC Improvement during the Follow-Up Step
The National Contact Point specific instance procedure of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises is expected to contribute to improvements in responsible business conduct of multinational enterprises. The aim of this article is to examine whether and how the Dutch National Contact Point uses its discretion, provided for the implementation of the procedure, to achieve this aim. To provide insight into this matter, an analytical framework based on Clark et al. (Double Bottom Line Project Report) and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights was developed and used to assess the information provided in statements of the Dutch National Contact Point procedures. This framework shows that monitoring is crucial for achieving improvements in responsible business conduct by multinational enterprises. Moreover, the analysis illustrates that the Dutch National Contact Point hardly uses its discretion to monitor the results of mediation during the procedures. Consequently, responsible business conduct improvement during the procedures analysed in this article has not been clearly secured. This is largely attributed to the fact that not all agreements and recommendations of mediation had been implemented by the end of the procedures. Furthermore, this research indicates that the National Contact Point procedure should continue until a multinational enterprise has taken all the necessary efforts to meet the results of mediation. It concludes that if the National Contact Point does not assess this effort by way of monitoring during the procedure, there will be continued uncertainty regarding the actual improvements in responsible business conduct approaches of multinational enterprises.