bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hawkes-driven stochastic volatility models: goodness-of-fit testing of alternative intensity specifications with S &P500 data
Authors: Raffaelli Iacopo , Scotti Simone , Toscano Giacomo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe introduce a novel stochastic volatility model with price and volatility co-jumps driven by Hawkes processes and develop a feasible maximum-likelihood procedure to estimate the parameters driving the jump intensity. Using S &P500 high-frequency prices over the period May 2007–August 2021, we then perform a goodness-of-fit test of alternative jump intensity specifications and find that the hypothesis of the intensity being linear in the asset volatility provides the relatively best fit, thereby suggesting that jumps have a self-exciting nature.
Mathematical consensus: a research program
Authors: Wagner Roy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne of the distinguishing features of mathematics is the exceptional level of consensus among mathematicians. However, an analysis of what mathematicians agree on, how they achieve this agreement, and the relevant historical conditions is lacking. This paper is a programmatic intervention providing a preliminary analysis and outlining a research program in this direction.First, I review the process of ‘negotiation’ that yields agreement about the validity of proofs. This process most often does generate consensus, however, it may give rise to another kind of disagreement: whether the original and new proof are effectively the same, leading to potential disagreement about the validity of the original proof.Second, I historicize the phenomenon of consensus. I show that in earlier European mathematics and other mathematical cultures, consensus about the validity of arguments was substantially weaker or conceived differently than it is today. This means that contemporary consensus about the validity of mathematical proofs should be explained by historical changes in mathematical practice.Finally, I conjecture what brought about the contemporary form of mathematical consensus. Since a sharp rise in consensus occurs around the turn of the 20th century, it makes sense to explain this consensus by the concurrent formalization of mathematics. However, this explanation has a major flaw: it explains a really existing phenomenon (consensus) by something that hardly ever happens (writing proofs in formal languages). I will therefore explain the ways in which formalization does enter mathematical practice so as to account for contemporary forms of mathematical consensus.
Numerical Simulations of Boundary-Layer Airflow Over Pitched-Roof Buildings
Authors: Coburn Matthew , Xie Zheng-Tong , Herring Steven J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractArrays of buildings with pitched roofs are common in urban and suburban areas of European cities. Large-eddy simulations are performed to predict the boundary-layer flows over flat and pitched-roof cuboids to gain a greater understanding of the impact of pitched roofs on urban boundary layers. The simulation methodology is validated for an array of flat roof cuboids. Further simulations show that changes in the type of grid conformity have a negligible effect on the mean flow field and turbulent stresses, while having a visible, but small, effect on the dispersive stresses for a given packing density. Comparisons are made for flat and $$45^\circ $$

45
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pitched roof cuboid arrays at packing densities of 16.7% and 33.3%. The interactions between pitched-roof buildings and their effect on the urban boundary layer are considerably different to those of flat-roof buildings. The pitched roofs at a packing density of 33.3% leads to significant changes in the mean flow field, the Reynolds stresses, and the aerodynamic drag. Further work investigates the effects of changes in turbulence level and atmospheric thermal stratification in the approaching flow. Importantly, in comparison to a flat-roof array, the pitched-roof one at a packing density of 33.3% evidently increase the friction velocity and greatly reduces the effects of stable stratification conditions and changes in inflow turbulence level.
Across Textual Landscapes: The Role of Affect During Digital Reading Encounters
Authors: Hermansson Carina , Olin-Scheller Christina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article addresses questions related to how the change in the textual landscape, from paper-based books to electronic books, has an effect on the teaching of reading in early childhood classrooms as well as how the digital devices relate to different aspects of reading instruction. Drawing on the theoretical concept of affect, the purpose is to expand knowledge about processes of experiencing literary digital texts that are enacted and produced in a Swedish classroom when the teacher and the six-year-old students encounter digital narrative texts. The study draws on ethnographical methods to collect empirical material using video recording, field notes, and small interviews with children. The documentation includes both individual and collaborative reading of digital narratives. Discussed in the intersection between envisionment and affect, the results show that e-book activities create multiple and differing processes of reading. The metacognitive processes initiated by the teacher’s instruction of reading strategies create a distance between the student and the text, while processes of embodied sense-making create a closeness to the text that seems to be vital when the students encounter digital narratives and text worlds. These findings may contribute to educational as well as edu-political discussions about pedagogical rationales for e-book activities in which the dynamic and essential relation between body, space, and reading is made prominent.
The Pathogenic Role of Oxidative Stress, Cytokine Expression, and Impaired Hematological Indices in Diabetic Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Saad Howaida , Soliman Hanan A. , Mahmoud Basant , Moneim Adel Abdel , Zaky Mohamed Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A simultaneous increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), has contributed to the escalation of CVD related mortalities. To date, oxidative stress and inflammation are increasingly recognized as significant drivers of cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes. Therefore, this study aims to explore the correlation between oxidative stress, inflammation, and hematological indices in diabetic patients with CVDs. Patients were allocated into five groups: healthy controls; nondiabetic patients with myocardial infarction; diabetic patients with myocardial infarction; nondiabetic patients with heart failure; and diabetic patients with heart failure. The results revealed that the malondialdehyde levels were increased; whereas superoxide dismutase enzyme activities were markedly reduced in all CVD groups compared with those of healthy controls. Although the mRNA expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and IL-38 were significantly increased, those of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-35, have been reduced in all CVD groups compared with healthy controls. Regarding hematological indices, hematocrit, red blood cell distribution width, mean platelet (PLT) volume, plateletcrit, PLT distribution width, leukocyte count, and PLT-to-lymphocyte and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios were markedly increased in the diabetic and nondiabetic CVD groups compared with those of the healthy controls. Oxidative stress and cytokine biomarkers may play a significant role in the complications of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Moreover, hematological indices are particularly sensitive to systemic inflammatory changes and are novel markers for the early detection of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Political alignment and project funding
Authors: Schneider Luisa , Wech Daniela , Wrede Matthias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe analyze the relationship between the party affiliation of politicians at different levels of government and the spatial distribution of funding for research, development and innovation projects. In particular, we are investigating whether more federal grants are being granted in Germany for projects in federal states whose government is led by the same political party as the responsible ministry at federal level. Our dataset contains detailed information on publicly funded projects in Germany in the period 2010–2019. Using a fixed-effects estimation approach, we find a link between grant allocation and party affiliation of funding for research, development and innovation projects, in particular smaller ones. For these projects, political alignment is associated with an average increase in public funding by almost 10,000 euro. Our results suggest that public funds for research, development and innovation projects could be used more efficiently than they are.
About the Reaction to Styles of Thought on the Continental Drift Debate
Authors: Pellegrini Pablo A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe article appearing previously in this journal entitled “Styles of Thought on the Continental Drift Debate” (Pellegrini 2019) prompted a response from Weber and Šešelja (2020) which they termed as “a defence of rationalist accounts”. They argue that their self-designated “sophisticated rationalism” explains the closure of the continental-drift debate without being affected by my critiques to rationalist approaches. While ignoring the empirical evidence that shows the complexity of the debate and the necessity to include broader social elements in the analysis (such as scientists denying continental drift even after the plate tectonics theory, others supporting it without being familiarized with the literature), they proclaim to be unconvinced about the analysis of the styles of thought. In order to clarify differences in the approach to the continental-drift historical controversy, I respond here to the criticism my paper drew while discussing the place of rationalism when explaining the acceptance of a theory. I will argue that their distinction between “crude” and “sophisticated” rationalism does not solve the problem of social aspects being left aside by rationalists in view of the acceptance of a theory. I will also argue that in order to understand what leads people to embrace a belief (namely scientists in accepting a theory), the analysis of mere cognitive or epistemic arguments is not enough and it leads to a reductionist explanation as to social behaviour.
A Review of the Legal, Regulatory and Practical Aspects Needed to Unlock Autonomous Beyond Visual Line of Sight Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operations
Authors: Matalonga Santiago , White Samuel , Hartmann Jacques , Riordan James 
Published: August 2022

AbstractServices that exploit Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) are poised to revolutionise the service industry with a projected value of 71 BUSD by the end of the decade. A key enabler of this technology is the unlocking of autonomous Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) operations. BVLOS operations will depend on a robust Detect and Avoid (D&A) capability. Yet, currently in the UK and EU, BVLOS operations are only allowed in specific cases and scenarios. As a result, the technological landscape for the development of robust D&A faces limitations, and there is little market incentive for development. Furthermore, while automated BVLOS is a future technology, a strong D&A capability is of importance now for all types of UAS operations. As the remote pilot has to deal with information overload from the controller device and the environment. These high-risk UAS operations are becoming more common. In this paper, we discuss the current legal framework in the UK making comparisons to EU countries. We make the case that even when an operation abides by the current framework the remote pilot is exposed to several legal liabilities. We review the roadmaps for UAS adoption (including certification processes for UAS-based products) and highlight that for software-intensive systems, key steps are missing to assure the quality of the product. Finally, we build on these findings to set forwards a path to complement future certification processes to enable autonomous based UAS operations to share the airspace with remotely piloted operations.
A Deep Learning based Feature Entity Relationship Extraction Method for Telemedicine Sensing Big Data
Authors: Zheng Wenkui , Hou Wei , Lin Jerry Chun-Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo solve the problem of inaccurate entity extraction caused by low application efficiency and big data noise in telemedicine sensing data, a deep learning-based method for entity relationship extraction in telemedicine big data is proposed. By analyzing the distribution structure of the medical sensing big data, the fuzzy function of the distribution shape is calculated and the seed relationship set is transformed by the inverse Shearlet transform. Combined with the deep learning technology, the GMM-GAN data enhancement model is built, the interactive medical sensing big data features are obtained, the association rules are matched one by one, the noiseless medical sensing data are extracted in time sequence, the feature items with the highest similarity are obtained and used as the constraint to complete the feature entity relationship extraction of the medical sensing data. The experimental results show that the extracted similarity of entity relations is more than 70%, which can handle overly long and complex sentences in telemedicine information text; the extraction time is the shortest and the volatility is low.
„Aber was, […] wenn es nicht so ist?“ Ambivalente Figurationen der Zeit in Daniel Kehlmanns ‚Mahlers Zeit‘
Authors: Krönert Lukas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDaniel Kehlmann’s novelMahlers Zeitquestions the role of time as a fundamental tool through which humans access the world. While the novel’s protagonist believes that he can debunk the linearity of time, the narration of the text remains ambiguous about whether or not he is right. As the text oscillates between different conceptions of time—each presented as plausible only to be denied again—it develops an image of the world as an inscrutable place where humans cannot transcend the sphere of phenomena because they are always thrown back to their sensorium. The unmediated juxtaposition of the incompatible that prevents obtaining metaphysical certainty implies a rejection of the concepts of Magical Realism as well as Surrealism, both of which presuppose a knowledge of the metaphysical structure of the narrated world. Therefore,Mahlers Zeitrequires a different classification:Gebrochener Realismus(Broken Realism). Moreover, because of the strict functionality of the moments of uncertainty, the category ofGebrochener Realismusis even more appropriate than Todorov’s fantastic.
On busy periods of the critical GI/G/1 queue and BRAVO
Authors: Nazarathy Yoni , Palmowski Zbigniew 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study critical GI/G/1 queues under finite second-moment assumptions. We show that the busy-period distribution is regularly varying with index half. We also review previously known M/G/1/ and M/M/1 derivations, yielding exact asymptotics as well as a similar derivation for GI/M/1. The busy-period asymptotics determine the growth rate of moments of the renewal process counting busy cycles. We further use this to demonstrate a Balancing Reduces Asymptotic Variance of Outputs (BRAVO) phenomenon for the work-output process (namely the busy time). This yields new insight on the BRAVO effect. A second contribution of the paper is in settling previous conjectured results about GI/G/1 and GI/G/s BRAVO. Previously, infinite buffer BRAVO was generally only settled under fourth-moment assumptions together with an assumption about the tail of the busy period. In the current paper, we strengthen the previous results by reducing to assumptions to existence of$$2+\epsilon $$2+ϵmoments.
Ecocentric Living: A Way Forward Towards Zero Carbon: A Conversation about Indigenous Law and Leadership Based on Custodianship and Praxis
Authors: McIntyre-Mills Janet J. , Makaulule Mphatheleni , Lethole Patricia , Pitsoane E. , Arko-Achemfuor Akwasi , Wirawan Rudolf , Widianingsih Ida 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper reflects on leadership shown in Venda, Southern Africa to protect the lungs of the planet and draws out key themes on the way Indigenous wisdom — underpinned by a sense of the sacred and the profane – expressed in solidarity with nature - are vital for protecting forests. It explores indigenous wisdom on their kinship with organic and inorganic sacred totems (plants, animals and features of the landscape) which are protected through relationships that inform governance. The ongoing community of practice and related projects make a case for standing together to address climate change. The paper was developed as part of a University of South Africa project together with the named authors. Mphatheleni Makaulule has developed an a priori and a posterioriapproachto Ecosystemic governance that resonates with the work of Wangari Maathai. Makaulule’s leadership in Venda that is discussed with fellow project members who are exploring how the agendas for COP 26 could be attained by fostering law informed by Bateson’s concept an “ecology of mind – which means an understanding of human beings’ place within living systems and our need for both education and laws to protect ecosystems such as forests (which are the lungs of the world) and the water systems (which are the life blood of all living systems). The governance approach in Venda emphasised the need to think in terms of our relationships with all living systems. The idea of extending a sense of solidarity to others is explored deeply with Makaulule and colleagues by considering similar approaches in other places, such as the Amazon where Makaulule spent time learning from shamanic leaders, Ghana (where Akwasi Achemfuor has undertaken research), Northern Territory and South Australia (where McIntyre was mentored by Peter Turner and Olive Veverbrants). The paper also refers to the work of Widianingsih based on an in-depth discussion on the Kasepuhan Ciptagelar community in West Java that has also been protecting the forests for more than 300 years. The authors explore whether attributing personhood to nature, could be regarded as limiting a notion of mystical and pragmatic recognition of interbeing or even a form of colonising the notion of interbeing? We suggest that a community of practice approach (Wenger, 1999, Wenger et al., 2009) to support learning organisations and communities could support two-way education to enable cross cultural, cross disciplinary and transnational learning to support steps towards wellbeing through sharing our understanding of interbeing in dialogue, it became clear that transcendence through totemism, dreams and shamanistic rituals support a sense of oneness with nature, relationality as well as a sense of awe, solidarity and responsibility for others which is being increasingly recognised in the arts and sciences.
Paired and Unpaired Deep Learning Methods for Physically Accurate Super-Resolution Carbonate Rock Images
Authors: Niu Yufu , Jackson Samuel J. , Alqahtani Naif , Mostaghimi Peyman , Armstrong Ryan T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractX-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has been widely leveraged to characterise the pore-scale geometry of subsurface porous rocks. Recent developments in super-resolution (SR) methods using deep learning allow for the digital enhancement of low-resolution (LR) images over large spatial scales, creating SR images comparable to high-resolution (HR) ground truth images. This circumvents the common trade-off between resolution and field-of-view. An outstanding issue is the use of paired LR and HR data, which is often required in the training step of such methods but is difficult to obtain. In this work, we rigorously compare two state-of-the-art SR deep learning techniques, using both paired and unpaired data, with like-for-like ground truth data. The first approach requires paired images to train a convolutional neural network (CNN), while the second approach uses unpaired images to train a generative adversarial network (GAN). The two approaches are compared using a micro-CT carbonate rock sample with complicated micro-porous textures. We implemented various image-based and numerical verifications and experimental validation to quantitatively evaluate the physical accuracy and sensitivities of the two methods. Our quantitative results show that the unpaired GAN approach can reconstruct super-resolution images as precise as the paired CNN method, with comparable training times and dataset requirements. This unlocks new applications for micro-CT image enhancement using unpaired deep learning methods; image registration is no longer needed during the data processing stage. Decoupled images from data storage platforms can be exploited to train networks for SR digital rock applications. This opens up a new pathway for various applications related to multi-scale flow simulations in heterogeneous porous media.
Detecting and Locating the Site of Local Relapse Using 18F-PSMA-1007 Imaging After Primary Treatment of 135 Prostate Cancer Patients—Potential Impact on PSMA-Guided Radiation Therapy
Authors: Koerber S. A. , Kroener R. C. , Dendl K. , Kratochwil C. , Fink C. A. , Ristau J. , Winter E. , Herfarth K. , Hatiboglu G. , Hohenfellner M. , Haberkorn U. , Debus J. , Giesel F. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Due to limited imaging options, the visualization of a local relapse of prostate cancer used to pose a considerable challenge. However, since the integration of 18F-PSMA-1007-PET/CT into the clinic, a relapsed tumor can now easily be detected by hybrid imaging. The present study aimed to evaluate and map the allocate relapse in a large cohort of prostate cancer patients focusing on individual patient management conclusions for radiation therapy.

Procedures
The current study included 135 men with prostate cancer after primary treatment who underwent 18F-PSMA-1007-PET/CT due to biochemical relapse detecting a local relapse. Imaging data were reassessed and analyzed with regard to relapse locations. For the correlation of tumor foci with clinical data, we used binary logistic regression models as well as the Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney test.

Results
In total, 69.6% of all patients (mean age: 65 years) underwent prostatectomy while 30.4% underwent radiation therapy. PET imaging detected most frequently a unifocal relapse (72.6%). There was a statistically significantly higher rate of ipsilateral cases among the relapsed tumors. Comparing both treatment approaches, tumors relapsed most commonly within the posterior region after surgery and transition/peripheral zone after radiation therapy, respectively.

Conclusions
The present study confirms that 18F-PSMA-1007-PET/CT is highly suitable for the localization and allocation of a local relapse in patients with prostate cancer. The data enable further optimizing dose prescriptions and target volume delineations of radiation therapy in the future.