bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dislocation Network‐Boosted PtNi Nanocatalysts Welded on Nickel Foam for Efficient and Durable Hydrogen Evolution at Ultrahigh Current Densities
Authors: Zhou Miao , Cheng Chuanqi , Dong Cunku , Xiao Liyang , Zhao Yao , Liu Zhanwei , Zhao Xueru , Sasaki Kotaro , Cheng Hao , Du Xiwen , Yang Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLarge‐scale application of alkaline water electrolysis for high‐rate hydrogen production is severely hindered by high electricity cost, mainly due to difficulties to acquire cost‐effective catalytic electrodes with both extremely low overpotential and long‐term durability at ultrahigh current densities (≥1 A cm−2). Here it is demonstrated that by adopting a synthetic method of laser direct writing in liquid nitrogen via a commercial laser welding machine, a remarkably efficient and durable electrode with large area and low platinum content is obtained, where PtNi nanocatalysts with dislocation network are firmly welded on a nickel foam (NF). The dense dislocation network not only improves intrinsic activity of a majority of surface‐active sites induced by coupled compressive‐tensile strains synergistically promoting both Volmer and Tafel steps of alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but also well stabilizes surface dislocations for HER at ultrahigh current densities. Such a robust electrode achieves record‐low overpotentials of 5 and 63 mV at 10 and 1000 mA cm−2 in alkaline medium, respectively, exhibiting negligible activity decay after 300 h chronoamperometric test at 1 A cm−2. It displays a high Pt mass activity 16 times higher than 20 wt% Pt/C loaded on NF, surpassing most of the recently reported efficient Pt‐based catalysts.
Single Atom Ring Contraction of Peptide Macrocycles Using Cornforth Rearrangement
Authors: Huh Sungjoon , Saunders George J. , Yudin Andrei K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSite‐selective transformations of densely functionalized scaffolds have been a topic of intense interest in chemical synthesis. Herein we have repurposed the rarely used Cornforth rearrangement as a tool to effect a single‐atom ring contraction in cyclic peptide backbones. Investigations into the kinetics of the rearrangement were carried out to understand the impact of electronic factors, ring size, and linker type on the reaction efficiency. Conformational analysis was undertaken and showed how subtle differences in the peptide backbone result in substrate‐dependent reaction profiles. This methodology can now be used to perform conformation‐activity studies. The chemistry also offers an opportunity to install building blocks that are not compatible with traditionalC‐to‐Niterative synthesis of macrocycle precursors.
Elevated neutrophil extracellular traps by HBV‐mediated S100A9‐TLR4/RAGE‐ROS cascade facilitate the growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhan Xi , Wu Rui , Kong Xue‐Hua , You Yan , He Kun , Sun Xiao‐Yu , Huang Yong , Chen Wei‐Xian , Duan Liang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are considered significant contributors to cancer progression, especially metastasis. However, it is still unclear whether NETs are involved in hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocarcinogenesis and have potential clinical significance during evaluation and management for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional mechanism of NETs in HBV‐related hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance.MethodsA total of 175 HCC patients with and without HBV infection and 58 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. NETs were measured in tissue specimens, freshly isolated neutrophils and blood serum from these patients, and the correlation of circulating serum NETs levels with malignancy was evaluated. The mechanism by which HBV modulates NETs formation was explored using cell‐based studies. In addition, in vitro and in vivo experiments were further performed to clarify the functional mechanism of NETs on the growth and metastasis of HCC.ResultsWe observed an elevated level of NETs in blood serum and tissue specimens from HCC patients, especially those infected with HBV. NETs facilitated the growth and metastasis of HCC both in vitro and in vivo, which were mainly dominated by increased angiogenesis, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related cell migration, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)‐induced extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and NETs‐mediated cell trapping. Inhibition of NETs generation by DNase 1 effectively abrogated the NETs‐aroused HCC growth and metastasis. In addition, HBV‐induced S100A9 accelerated the generation of NETs, which was mediated by activation of toll‐like receptor (TLR4)/receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)‐reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. Further, circulatory NETs were found to correlate with viral load, TNM stage and metastasis status in HBV‐related HCC, and the identified NETs could predict extrahepatic metastasis, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.83 and 90.3% sensitivity and 62.8% specificity at a cutoff value of 0.32.ConclusionsOur findings indicated that activation of RAGE/TLR4‐ROS signaling by HBV‐induced S100A9 resulted in abundant NETs formation, which subsequently facilitated the growth and metastasis of HCC cells. More importantly, the identified circulatory NETs exhibited potential as an alternative biomarker for predicting extrahepatic metastasis in HBV‐related HCC.
A Common Active Intermediate in the Oxidation of Alkenes, Alcohols and Alkanes with H2O2 and a Mn(II)/Pyridin‐2‐Carboxylato Catalyst
Authors: Kasper Johann B. , Saisaha Pattama , de Roo Maurits , Groen Mitchell J. , Vicens Laia , Borrell Margarida , de Boer Johannes W. , Hage Ronald , Costas Miquel , Browne Wesley R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe mechanism and the reactive species involved in the oxidation of alkenes, and alcohols with H2O2, catalysed by an in situ prepared mixture of a MnII salt, pyridine‐2‐carboxylic acid and a ketone is elucidated using substrate competition experiments, kinetic isotope effect (KIE) measurements, and atom tracking with 18O labelling. The data indicate that a single reactive species engages in the oxidation of both alkenes and alcohols. The primary KIE in the oxidation of benzyl alcohols is ca. 3.5 and shows the reactive species to be selective despite a zero order dependence on substrate concentration, and the high turnover frequencies (up to 30 s−1) observed. Selective 18O labelling identifies the origin of the oxygen atoms transferred to the substrate during oxidation, and is consistent with a highly reactive, e. g., [MnV(O)(OH)] or [MnV(O)2], species rather than an alkylperoxy or hydroperoxy species.
Patient perspectives of prostate cancer screening vary by race following 2018 guideline changes
Authors: Riviere Paul , Kalavacherla Sandhya , Banegas Matthew P. , Javier‐Desloges Juan , Martinez Maria Elena , Garraway Isla P. , Murphy James D. , Rose Brent S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe 2018 US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines recommend individualizing prostate cancer screening in 55‐ to 69‐year‐old men. Given the higher incidence of prostate cancer in African American (AA) compared to non‐Hispanic White (NHW) men, this study compared reported rates of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening hypothesizing that it would not be commensurate with the relative risk between these two groups.MethodsUsing the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we identified 43,685 men (40,301 NHW and 3384 AA) interviewed about PSA screening.ResultsAA men had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69–0.93; p = .004) of reporting PSA screening; sequentially correcting for access to care, smoking, and age had minimal effect on this finding, but when correcting for income significantly attenuated this difference (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.81–1.12). Further adding education level eliminated the effect size of AA race entirely with OR, 0.99 (95% CI, 0.84–1.17; p = .91). Further analysis found significant interaction between education and race, with college‐educated AA men having 1.42 OR of receiving screening compared to college‐educated NHW men.ConclusionsDespite prostate cancer being more common and having higher population‐level mortality in AA than NHW men, PSA screening and education patterns do not reflect this increased risk even when adjusting for health access disparities. The authors’ findings of significant effect from both income and education suggest that systemic racism is an important factor in the observed difference in PSA screening between AA men and NHW men.Lay summary

In the United States, prostate cancer is more common in African American men
New guidelines from 2018 encourage physicians to consider risk factors in deciding whether or not to recommend screening, but overall African American men continue to be screened at a lower rate than non‐Hispanic White men
This effect disappears when correcting for income and education level, suggesting that several factors including systemic racism, medical mistrust, and self‐advocacy may impact this observed difference
Strategies to Enhance the Rate of Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer Reactions in Dye‐Water Oxidation Catalyst Complexes
Authors: de Haas Titus , van Overeem Hannah , de Groot Huub J. M. , Buda Francesco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA thorough understanding of the proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) steps that are involved in photocatalytic water oxidation is of crucial importance in order to increase the efficiency of dye‐sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DS‐PEC) for solar to fuel conversion. This work provides a computational investigation of the ground and excited state potential energy surfaces of PCET reactions in two supramolecular dye‐catalyst complexes for photocatalytic water splitting. The intrinsic reaction coordinate path is computed for the rate limiting PCET step in the catalytic cycle for both complexes. By using time‐dependent density functional theory calculations, we show that the ground and excited state potential energy surfaces have a (near) degeneracy in the region of the PCET transition state. We discuss two possible strategies that take advantage of this feature to accelerate the PCET reaction: (i) through optimizing the conditions for vibronic coupling by chemical design and synthesis or (ii) through populating the product state with appropriately tuned laser pulses.
The role of ombudsman: Resolving financial disputes in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Zain Muhamad Ikhwan , Rahmat Nur Ezan , Ilias Ibtisam @ Ilyana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper highlights the establishment of the Ombudsman for Financial Services (OFS) in Malaysia as a good alternative avenue for the equitable settlement of disputes regarding financial services. It has been operating since 2016. However, its accessibility to reach wider financial consumers is restricted due to its limited monetary jurisdiction which is incompatible with the current market conditions. Adopting a qualitative content analysis approach, this study reviews the primary legal framework for implementing the financial ombudsman scheme in Malaysia under Financial Service Act 2013 (FSA), Islamic Financial Service Act 2013 (IFSA), Financial Services (Financial Ombudsman Scheme) Regulations 2015 and Islamic Financial Services (Financial Ombudsman Scheme) Regulations 2015 with special focus on monetary jurisdiction. The study has also analyses the jurisdiction of other countries, and the results found that the monetary jurisdiction of the law in Malaysia is still small and limited. Based on comparative analysis, this study suggests an agile approach in determining the monetary jurisdiction through a flexible provision allowing a review every 3 years based on the consumer price index and relevant reports. This way, its accessibility to wider financial disputes will be elevated.
Development of a compact transverse slot array antenna using corrugation in groove gap waveguide technology
Authors: Ostovarzadeh Mohammad Hossein , Parizi Seyed Ali Razavi 
Published: November 2022

SummaryWe present the proof of concept of a compact slot array antenna with proper side lobe level in groove gap waveguide (GGW) technology. Four transverse slots are etched at the GGW broad wall along with the nulls of standing TE10 wave existing inside the shorted GGW. To decrease the sidelobes and antenna size, corrugations are applied through the wave path inside the GGW. Proper use of corrugations can reduce the wavelength inside the GGW leading to reduction of the distance between adjacent transverse slots, which can help to suppress the grating lobe problem and consequently enhance the radiation efficiency, which is a challenge in transvers slot array antennas. The designed antenna is optimized to achieve maximum gain, lowest grating lobe level, and return loss at 15 GHz using HFSS simulator. The achieved gain is about 13 dBi, and the SLL is better than 15 dB. To confirm the simulation results, the designed antenna was fabricated and tested. Both simulation and measurement results confirm that the grating lobes are well suppressed at the antenna operating frequency.
Mechanisms controlling the localisation of fault‐controlled hydrothermal dolomitisation, Derbyshire Platform, UK
Authors: Breislin Catherine J. , Banks Vanessa J. , Crowley Stephen F. , Marshall Jim D. , Millar Ian , Riding James B. , Hollis Cathy E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Derbyshire Platform is a Mississippian aged flat‐topped, steep sided platform that forms the westernmost expression of the Derbyshire‐East Midlands Platform. On the south‐east platform margin, 60 km2 of Visean limestone has been dolomitised, forming two distinct bodies. One of these bodies forms along a major NW–SE trending basement fault and smaller, associated, N–S trending faults and fractures. This study uses outcrop, petrographic and geochemical analysis to better constrain the timing and mechanism for this fault‐controlled dolomitisation. Field relationships demonstrate dolomitisation was multi‐phase and initiated after the main phase of matrix pore‐occluding calcite cementation on the Derbyshire Platform and terminated prior to the main phase of mineralisation. Fluids are interpreted to have fluxed from adjacent basins, primarily along strike‐slip crustal faults that were reactivated during basin inversion at the onset of the Variscan Orogeny. Fluid supply was episodic and progressively confined to fractures as matrix porosity became occluded. The study demonstrates the complex interplay between basin kinematics, host rock permeability and timing of fluid supply through seismic valving along faults that connect the carbonate platform to basin compartments. This ultimately controlled the position of dolomite geobodies along faults and provides a record of fluid flow during the transition from thermal subsidence to post‐rift basin inversion. The findings have implications for the exploration of both minerals and hydrocarbon within dolomitised host rocks and can inform studies of fluid transfer and reaction on carbonate platforms within the burial realm.
Pathways to improve early intervention for eating disorders: Findings from a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Radunz Marcela , Ali Kathina , Wade Tracey D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTreatment‐seeking rates among eating disorder (ED) populations are relatively low, with only one in four individuals seeking help. Previous research has identified many factors that might be associated with help‐seeking in EDs, but to date no review has investigated the quantitative association between these factors and actual help‐seeking behavior. The aim of the current review was to synthesize the relevant quantitative literature on factors (i.e., perceived barriers, characteristics associated with treatment seeking, demographic variables) associated with help‐seeking using meta‐analytic strategies, as well as provide recommendations on future early intervention research strategies to promote early help‐seeking.MethodOverall, 19 studies were included, identifying 141 perceived barriers (e.g., stigma) or individual characteristics (e.g., BMI, duration of illness) and 56 demographic variables (e.g., ethnicity), which were synthesized into 24 unique variables.ResultsLess help‐seeking was predicted by higher levels of denial and less perceived ability of others to provide help.DiscussionGiven the small number of studies these results should be considered preliminary. Future studies should consider barriers to help‐seeking when creating early intervention approaches. To improve help‐seeking rates we suggest the use of targeted psychoeducational materials and co‐design with people with lived experience when developing new strategies.Public SignificanceThe present study addresses a significant gap in the literature by synthesizing factors associated with help‐seeking, with the aim of informing early intervention strategies to promote early help‐seeking in eating disorder populations. Denial of illness and perceived inability of others to provide help were associated with lower help‐seeking. Future studies should consider barriers to help‐seeking and co‐design with people with lived experience when creating new early intervention strategies.
Development and investigation of an innovative shape memory alloy cable‐controlled self‐centering viscoelastic coupling beam damper for seismic mitigation in coupled shear wall structures
Authors: Qian Hui , Fan Chenliang , Shi Yifei , Xu Jian , Li Zongao , Deng Enfeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo improve the seismic performance of coupled shear walls in high‐rise buildings and to eliminate the problems of large residual deformation and relatively small initial stiffness and damping properties of the traditional viscoelastic coupling beam damper (TVCBD), an innovative shape memory alloy (SMA)‐cable‐controlled self‐centering viscoelastic coupling beam damper (SVCBD) with energy dissipation and self‐centering capabilities was designed and investigated in this study. The construction form and operating principles of the SVCBD were proposed, relevant material performance tests of the cables were performed, and good results were obtained. Finally, the contribution of the SVCBD to seismic mitigation of a 10‐story reinforced concrete coupled shear wall structure was verified by seismic time‐history analyses. The results indicated that compared with TVCBD, SVCBD possesses fuller hysteretic curves, showing stronger energy dissipation capacity, higher initial stiffness, and much smaller residual deformation. The initial strain and cross‐sectional area of the SMA cables and the shear area of the viscoelastic plates affect the energy dissipation and self‐centering performance of SVCBD significantly. The seismic response and post‐earthquake residual deformation of the coupled shear wall structure and the plastic damage of the main components can be effectively controlled by utilizing the proposed SVCBD.
Investigation of pelvic symmetry: A systematic analysis using computer aided design software
Authors: Zheng Qiubao , Xu Kangshuai , Zhan Xiaorui , Huang Fuming , Wang Liping , Chen Sheqiang , Li Jiacheng , Yang Cheng , Chen Yuhui , Fan Shicai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the symmetry of the Chinese pelvis.MethodsComputed tomography scan images of each of 50 Chinese pelvises were converted to 3D models and the left sides of the pelvises were reflected on Mimics software. Then, the reflected left side model was aligned with the right side using the closest point algorithm function of Geomagic software to perform symmetry analysis. The volume and surface area of either side of the pelvises were also calculated. The mean standard deviation (SD), the mean percentage of permissible deviations within the ±2 mm range, the percentage differences in volume and surface area were measured to compare pelvic symmetry. In addition, the distribution of pelvic bilateral symmetry associated with both age and sex were compared.ResultsThe mean SD was 1.15 ± 0.16 mm and the mean percentage of permissible deviations was 90.82% ± 4.67%. The deviation color maps showed that the specific areas of asymmetry were primarily localized to major muscle or ligament attachment sites and the sacroiliac joint surfaces. There was no significant difference between the bilateral sides of the pelvis in either volume or surface area. Additionally, no difference in any indexes was exhibited in relation to sex and age distribution.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that the pelvis has high bilateral symmetry, which confirmed the potential of using contralateral pelvic models to create fully patient‐specific and custom‐made pelvic implants applicable for the treatment of fracture and bony destruction.
Impact of AJCC 8 pT staging in cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in a nonselected real‐world patient sample
Authors: Girardi Fábio Muradás , Wagner Vivian P. , Martins Manoela Domingues , Abentroth Aliende Lengler , Hauth Luiz Alberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveOur aim was to evaluate characteristics associated with worse survival and the effectiveness of AJCC 8 in a real‐world cohort of HNCSCC from South Brazil.MethodsA 10‐year retrospective cohort study (2011–2020) at a tertiary care center comprising 647 HNCSCC excised from 435 patients.ResultsAt multivariable analysis, ear/nose/zygomatic or periorbital site, compromised or exiguous margins, and advanced pT stage were independent factors associated to DFS, while age, pN, and loco‐regional recurrence were independent factors associated to DSS. Cox‐regression multivariable models showed that the pT stage was statistically significant for the DFS, but not DSS. A significant distinction was only observed between T1 and T2.ConclusionIt was only in the lower categories of AJCC 8 (T1 and T2) that we were able to demonstrate the ability to stratify tumors with a significant risk of poor disease‐related outcomes.
Current status of robot‐assisted surgery in the clinical application of trauma orthopedics in China: A systematic review
Authors: Xu Ding , Lou Weigang , Li Ming , Xiao Jingwei , Wu Hongbao , Chen Jianming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsTo elaborate on the development and characteristics of trauma orthopedic robots and their real curative effect in a clinical application through the collection and analysis of relevant literature and reported clinical results.MethodWe conducted the Embase, ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Medline, Wanfang, CNKI, and VIP search of the literature on robotic‐assisted surgery in trauma orthopedics in China. We combined search terms with “robotic surgery/artificial intelligence surgery/navigation surgery,” “trauma/trauma orthopedics,” and “China/Chinese.” The exclusion criteria were: (1) articles in languages other than English or Chinese, (2) articles focused on other topics other than robotic‐assisted surgery in trauma orthopedics of China, (3) article types were not clinical studies (reviews, basic research, etc.), and (4) articles were not included in the Chinese core journals or science citation index. Authors, type of surgery, robot type, and clinical research results were recorded and analyzed.ResultsThere were three categories of surgical robots in the clinical application of trauma orthopedics (TiRobot, electromagnetic navigation surgical robots, and small medical robots developed by Beijing Jishuitan Hospital). In terms of blood loss, the fluoroscopy time, and fluoroscopy frequency, most studies found that the robot group was significantly better than the traditional group.ConclusionsRobot‐assisted surgery has obvious advantages in accuracy, stability, and reducing intraoperative radiation exposure, but there is no final conclusion about functional recovery.