bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Odyssey, Otherwise
Authors: Shahar Galili 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter considers how authors such as Franz Kafka, Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Erich Auerbach, and Emmanuel Levinas recalled Homer’s Odyssey as a tale of ‘homecoming’, with which they juxtaposed Jewish conceptions of migration and exile, while referring to the biblical tradition and Midrash. The chapter focuses on the Sirens episode, the Homeric myth central to Odysseus's journey. It examines its modern Jewish receptions in literature and philosophy within the wider context of world literature. By exploring how these Jewish authors engaged with Homer, the chapter demonstrates how the Sirens episode became crucial for articulating the modern condition of being Jewish.
From Enemy to Ruins
Authors: Loi Giacomo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter shows how archaeology occupies a central role in the relationship between the Israeli Jewish public and the classical past. Graeco-Roman ruins are physically present, scattered throughout the country; on an ideological level, Roman ruins represent the defeat of the Romans, the destroyers of the ancient Jewish state. The chapter illustrates the political nature of this relationship through the archaeologist Yigael Yadin’s presentation of his excavations at the Bar Kochba Caves (1960–61). It is against this broader ideological background that the chapter presents two Israeli Hebrew-language poems dealing with archaeological ruins: Dan Pagis’s ‘Decline of the Empire’ (1946) and Haim Gouri’s ‘Change’ (1979).
Toward an End
Authors: Hawking Michael K , Frush Benjamin W , Yoon John D 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the Aristotelian tradition, medicine is often presented as a prototypical example of a technê. The triple character of medicine—understood as epistêmê, technê, and phronesis—must be attended to in any inquiry into the virtues which allow for its excellent practice. Edmund Pellegrino, a physician, Aristotelian, and one of the founders of modern Bioethics, reinvigorated the understanding of medicine as a practice with particular excellences, contending that the cultivation of particular “medical virtues” were necessary in order to train excellent physicians. Medical training—with its innumerable exams, taxing intellectual and emotional character, often inhumane hours, and prolonged course—through which the eventual physician must persevere (or leave medicine’s practice) illustrates the essentiality of the virtue of perseverance in anyone who is to flourish as an excellent practitioner of medicine. The chapter draws on the broader Aristotelian tradition, medicine’s own wisdom literature, and more recent literature on vocational calling and resilience to share insights about perseverance and its character and cultivation, as a contribution to the wider discourse about this essential virtue.
Harmonizing Religion and Philosophy in Al-Fārābī’s Book of Letters
Authors: Galston Miriam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Al-Fārābī’s depiction of religion as an image or imitation of philosophy suggests a fundamental harmony between the two domains. Part 2 of al-Fārābī’s Book of Letters reveals ways this harmony is more image than reality. Specifically, although the opening passages of Part 2 depict the relationship as fundamentally harmonious, subsequent passages suggest a discontinuity, or even potential antagonism, between them. Analyzing the reasons for this discontinuity suggests that the problems stem from both the religion’s primary function and the inherent limits of its mode of expression. This contribution also suggests that the potential harmony between religion and philosophy may be further undermined by al-Fārābī’s allusions to the incompleteness of metaphysics in Aristotle’s time and possibly in his own.
The Only Known Defense Against Ibn Rushd’s Critique of Ibn Sīnā’s Necessary Existent
Authors: Meyrav Yoav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Moses Halevi, an Andalusian Jewish philosopher who probably lived in the late twelfth century, wrote a detailed Metaphysical Treatise, which contains a lengthy discussion of Averroes/Ibn Rushd’s criticisms of Avicenna/Ibn Sīnā in his now lost treatise On the First Mover. Ibn Rushd’s criticisms are focused on Ibn Sīnā’s proofs for the existence of the Necessary Existent and for differentiating it from Aristotle’s first unmoved mover. This contribution presents and analyzes Moses’ responses on behalf of Ibn Sīnā to Ibn Rushd’s criticisms. This is the only known case of a philosopher defending Ibn Sīnā against Ibn Rushd’s attacks. Analysis of Moses’ discussion sheds new light on the reception of Ibn Sīnā in Andalusia and on what seems to be an early resistance to Ibn Rushd’s turn against Ibn Sīnā.
Heavenly Stuff
Authors: Toth Zita V 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Take three entities of three very different kinds: Sophie the cat, the planet Venus, and the archangel Gabriel. One might be tempted to picture Sophie and Venus as material things, and Gabriel as something immaterial. Peter Auriol, an early fourteenth-century Franciscan theologian, disagrees. He thinks that while Sophie and Gabriel possess matter, Venus does not. This contribution traces what led Auriol to endorse these seemingly implausible claims: attributing matter to certain spiritual beings and denying it of certain physical ones. The contribution also examines the view that emerges from the combination of these two positions and shows that, far from being irreconcilable, they point to a particular conception of matter according to which matter is not to be treated as the physical stuff that makes something a body, nor as a mere substrate of natural change, but as a subject in pure potency that can take on multiple forms.
Beyond a fragmented account of conflicts in communication: a framework of informational conflicts
Authors: Zhao Wenqing , Jin Yan , van der Meer Toni , Hameleers Michael , Lu Xuerong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Numerous global trends related to communicative conflicts—like widespread public dissent, the increasing fragmentation of the digital media landscape, the fast-paced dissemination of mis- and disinformation, polarization of public debates, and delegitimizing populist rhetoric—form a perfect storm that significantly disrupts today’s society on multiple levels. Against this backdrop, research on content, causes, consequences, and counter-strategies of conflicts has been central to the discipline of communication science and beyond over the past decades. Although many of these societal challenges are rooted in communication problems similar in nature, current research lines appear to move forward in isolation, creating largely disconnected streams of research that could benefit from more integration. With this article, we aim to bring together disconnected strands of literature in communication that revolve around conflicts in mass and digital communication under the umbrella term “informational conflict.” This framework synthesizes existing knowledge, enabling us to better understand the root causes of increasing cleavages in society and to forward potential solutions leading to conflict resolution.
FORAlign: accelerating gap-affine DNA pairwise sequence alignment using FOR-blocks based on Four Russians approach with linear space complexity
Authors: Wei Yanming , Zhou Tong , Zhai Yixiao , Yu Liang , Zou Quan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pairwise sequence alignment (PSA) serves as the cornerstone in computational bioinformatics, facilitating multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. This paper introduces the FORAlign algorithm, leveraging the Four Russians algorithm with identical upper-bound time and space complexity as the Hirschberg divide-and-conquer PSA algorithm, aimed at accelerating Hirschberg PSA algorithm in parallel. Particularly notable is its capability to achieve up to 16.79 times speedup when aligning sequences with low sequence similarity, compared to the conventional Needleman-Wunsch PSA method using non-heuristic methods. Empirical evaluations underscore FORAlign’s superiority over existing wavefront alignment (WFA) series software, especially in scenarios characterized by low sequence similarity during PSA tasks. Our method is capable of directly aligning monkeypox sequences with other sequences using non-heuristic methods. The algorithm was implemented within the FORAlign library, providing functionality for PSA and foundational support for multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic trees. The FORAlign library is freely available at https://github.com/malabz/FORAlign.
CD163 detection in immune check-point inhibitors-related acute interstitial nephritis
Authors: Perier Thomas , Renaudineau Yves , Pellegrini Juliette , Colombat Magali , Ramirez Angie Arango , Guy Pierre , Jamme Thibaut , Van Acker Nathalie , Koundé Clément , Ribes David , Huart Antoine , Casemayou Audrey , Belliere Julie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is the most common renal immune-related adverse event after immune check-point inhibitors (ICI). We hypothesised that alternatively activated macrophages (CD163-M) could be involved in ICI-AIN and wished to evaluate the use of their soluble urinary form (us)CD163 as a non-invasive diagnostic marker.

Methods
CD163-M infiltrates were evaluated by both immune-histochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence and imaging. usCD163 was detected with ELLA technology and evaluated together with urinary creatinine to be expressed as a ratio to creatinuria in ng/mmol. Clinical data were collected to perform correlations with renal function assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Results
A retrospective cohort of 63 ICI-exposed patients with tubular AKI profile requiring a biopsy were selected. AIN patients (n = 44) were compared to acute tubular necrosis (ATN) patients (n = 19). CD163-M staining was detectable in all ICI-AIN patients, which was significantly higher than in ATN patients (18.4 vs 3.6% of area, p = 0.005). CD163-M staining was restricted to the interstitial compartment. CD163-M infiltrate inversely correlated with initial eGFR (r=-0.6, p = 0.003), and was positively correlated with delta eGFR, reflecting a renal improvement outcome (r = 0.48; p = 0.02). usCD163 was well detected in urines of patients, but did not allow us to distinguish ATN from AIN patients at diagnosis. No correlation was observed, neither between usCD163 and CD163-M staining nor with renal response after three months of glucocorticoid tapering.

Conclusion
CD163-M are detected in ICI-AIN and correlate both with severity at diagnosis and better prognosis at three months. CD163-M may help us to distinguish AIN from ATN but, it does not allow us to assess ICI imputability. Although detected in urine, usCD163 is clearly not a surrogate biomarker for AIN diagnosis.
The role of antiarrhythmic drugs and stellate ganglion block in the acute management of electrical storm
Authors: Dusi Veronica , Angelini Filippo , Gravinese Carol , Frea Simone , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Electrical storm (ES) is a life-threatening condition characterized by at least three separate episodes of ventricular arrhythmia (VAs) over 24 h, each one requiring intervention. Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial to improving outcomes. In addition to identifying and correcting potential reversible causes, performing acute cardiac life support if required, and interrogating/reprogramming the implantable cardioverter defibrillator in present, the acute management of ES (within 12–24 h upon presentation) nowadays mostly relies on antiarrhythmic drugs and percutaneous left ganglion sympathetic block (PLSGB), that will be the focus of the present review. The choice of the drug should consider several factors, including the aetiology and mechanism of VAs, the underlying cardiac function, and the potential risk of adverse events. Intravenous amiodarone, the most used and recommended drug in the setting of high burden VAs and structural heart disorders, mostly exerts dose and rate infusion dependent antiadrenergic effects in the first hours, and may lead to severe hypotension. PLSGB has an excellent safety-efficacy profile and can be easily performed by trained cardiologists at bedside.
Subclinical atrial fibrillation/atrial high-rate episodes: what significance and decision-making?
Authors: Boriani Giuseppe , Tartaglia Enrico , Trapanese Paola , Tritto Francesco , Gerra Luigi , Bonini Niccolò , Vitolo Marco , Imberti Jacopo F , Mei Davide A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Subclinical atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) are often detected incidentally through cardiac implantable electronic devices or wearables, especially in asymptomatic patients. These episodes pose a clinical challenge as they are associated with an increased risk of stroke, albeit at a lower rate compared with clinical AF. This review discusses the evolving understanding of AHRE, highlighting the uncertainties regarding optimal management, particularly the use of oral anticoagulants. Two key trials, ARTESiA and NOAH-AFNET 6, investigated anticoagulation in patients with device-detected AHRE. ARTESiA found that apixaban significantly reduced stroke or systemic embolism, but with an increased risk of major bleeding. In contrast, NOAH-AFNET 6, which tested edoxaban, did not demonstrate a significant benefit in reducing cardiovascular events but also observed higher bleeding rates. A meta-analysis of these trials confirmed the efficacy of oral anticoagulants in lowering ischaemic stroke risk, though with an elevated bleeding risk. Given these findings, clinical decision-making in patients with AHRE must be individualized, taking into account stroke risk, bleeding risk, and patient preferences. Shared decision-making is crucial to balance the benefits and risks of anticoagulation, especially in the context of progression to clinical AF and its associated stroke risk. Moreover, it is essential to educate patients about the risk of bleeding complications and emphasize the importance of close monitoring. Future research may further clarify optimal anticoagulation strategies and better define high-risk subgroups that would most benefit from therapy.
Cardiac involvement in Fabry disease: Recent advances, unresolved issues, and unmet needs
Authors: Pieroni Maurizio , Zocchi Chiara , Ciabatti Michele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient activity of the enzyme α-galactosidase A, leading to the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in various tissues, including the heart. Cardiac involvement is a prominent feature and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Fabry disease, manifesting as left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial ischaemia, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Secondary mechanisms, triggered by lysosomal storage, contribute to myocardial damage, in particular, myocardial inflammation. Early cardiac involvement can be subtle, but with disease progression, it becomes a major determinant of morbidity and mortality. Recent progresses in diagnostic techniques, such as advanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with T1 and T2 mapping, have improved early detection of Fabry-related cardiac disease. Enzyme replacement therapy and newer treatments like chaperone therapy have shown potential in managing cardiac manifestations when initiated early, while the progression of cardiac involvement may be difficult to halt in patients diagnosed late in the disease course. Gene therapy and substrate reduction therapy are emerging treatment modalities that hold promise but require further clinical evaluation. The limited efficacy of available therapies and the variability of cardiac response to treatment represent main unresolved issues, together with challenges in monitoring disease progression, and the need for additional therapeutic strategies targeting secondary mechanisms. Unmet needs in clinical practice include the identification of disease-specific and cardiac-specific biomarkers for early detection, staging, and monitoring cardiac damage. Similarly, strategies for prognostic stratification and better prevention of cardiovascular complications are essential to improve the care of these patients.
Pacing of the specialized His Purkinje conduction system: ‘HOW and FOR WHOM’
Authors: Chiarazzo Emanuele , Golia Paolo , Bressi Edoardo , Grieco Domenico , De Ruvo Ermenegildo , Calò Leonardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The human heart’s conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that generate and transmit electrical impulses, leading to the rhythmic and synchronized contraction of the atria and ventricles, which is crucial for the normal cardiac cycle. In conduction system pacing (CSP), pacing leads are placed in the His bundle region and the left bundle branch area to achieve physiological cardiac activation. This method offers a more natural alternative to the myocardial stimulation provided by conventional right ventricular pacing and biventricular pacing. In this review, we describe the implantation techniques for CSP and discuss the current recommendations for their use.
May Measurement Month 2022: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Nigeria
Authors: Amusa Ganiyu A , Wahab Kolawole W , Kolo Philip M , Odili Augustine , Aje Akinyemi , Iheonye Henry , Ogunmodede James A , Alaofin Wemimo A , Bello Abiodun H , Abubakar Sani A , Nwazor Ernest , Ayoola Yekeen , Okafor Umezurike H , Beaney Thomas , Kerr Gabriele , Poulter Neil R , Omotoso Ayodele B 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign was carried out in Nigeria in 2022 to raise awareness of high blood pressure (BP). Here, we report on the campaign's findings.
Adults aged ≥ 18 years were recruited opportunistically at public and private areas, pharmacies, clinics and hospitals across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Three seated BP readings were taken for each participant, and a questionnaire on demographics, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities was completed. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg or being on antihypertensive medication. Controlled hypertension was defined as being on antihypertensive medication with a BP &lt;140/90 mmHg. Multiple imputation was used to estimate any missing BP readings. In total, 5798 were screened, with a mean age of 44.2 years and 54.8% were female. Of all participants, 2330 (40.2%) had hypertension, of whom 1362 (58.5%) were aware, and 1241 (53.3%) were on antihypertensive medication. Of those on antihypertensive medication, 522 (42.1%) had controlled BP, and of all participants with hypertension, 22.4% had controlled BP.
The MMM campaign in Nigeria identified significant numbers of participants with either untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. There is a poor awareness and unacceptably high burden of hypertension amongst the Nigerian population. Urgent actions are required to improve the awareness of hypertension and reduce its associated health burden in Nigeria.
Association of pre-admission exercise habit with post-discharge outcomes for older patients with heart failure
Authors: Nakade Taisuke , Maeda Daichi , Matsue Yuya , Kagiyama Nobuyuki , Fujimoto Yudai , Sunayama Tsutomu , Dotare Taishi , Jujo Kentaro , Saito Kazuya , Kamiya Kentaro , Saito Hiroshi , Ogasahara Yuki , Maekawa Emi , Konishi Masaaki , Kitai Takeshi , Iwata Kentaro , Wada Hiroshi , Kasai Takatoshi , Nagamatsu Hirofumi , Momomura Shin-ichi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
The benefits of exercise in patients with heart failure are well documented. However, to date, the association between exercise habits and prognosis is yet to be evaluated. In this study, we investigated the association between pre-hospital exercise habits and post-discharge prognosis in older adult patients with heart failure.

Methods
This post-hoc analysis utilised data from the FRAGILE-HF study, which included 1,262 patients aged ≥ 65 years who required hospitalisation for heart failure decompensation. Exercise habits before hospitalisation were assessed through a three-question physical activity assessment tool. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.

Results
Of the 1,262 patients, 587 (46.5%) reported no regular exercise habits before hospitalisation. No significant differences were observed in the histories of heart failure hospitalisations or other comorbidities. However, patients in the exercise habit group consistently exhibited better physical function, such as greater grip strength, gait speed, and short physical performance battery scores, than those in the non-exercise habit group. In addition to physical function, patients with exercise habits exhibited significantly lower all-cause mortality than those without exercise habits (log-rank test, p=0.019). The adjusted Cox regression models suggested that pre-hospital exercise was associated with a lower mortality risk (hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.58–0.98; p=0.035).

Conclusion
Exercise habits before hospitalisation were significantly associated with better strength and physical function and lower post-discharge all-cause mortality in older adult patients with heart failure. These findings highlight the importance of assessing exercise habits for risk stratification among this population.
‘Notre-Dame de Bon Secours’: celebrity, ambition and memory in the fashioning of Thérésia Cabarrus Tallien
Authors: Adams Christine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Thérésia Cabarrus (Tallien), one of the best-known female names associated with the French Revolutionary years, emerged as an important point of contact in networks that helped individuals at risk flee France during the Terror. It became part of her claim to celebrity status as she navigated between the politics of the Old Regime and the new. Two aristocratic women she helped escape via Bordeaux wrote about her in their memoirs. While shaped by their own world-views and political allegiances, they offer insight to Cabarrus’ efforts to carve out a meaningful role for herself under the new republican regime while drawing on the Old Regime model of female courtiers who made use of their relationships with powerful men to exercise political influence. Her heroic efforts, which Cabarrus emphasized while seeking celebrity under the Directory, are overshadowed in historical memory by her role as ‘Queen of the Directory’.