bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban and coastal breeding lesser black‐backed gulls (Larus fuscus) segregate by foraging habitat
Authors: Langley Liam P. , Bearhop Stuart , Burton Niall H. K. , Banks Alex N. , Frayling Tim , Thaxter Chris B. , Clewley Gary D. , Scragg Emily , Votier Stephen C. 
Published: July 2022

Despite urbanization's general erosion of biodiversity, towns and cities provide novel opportunities for some species. During the 20th century, gulls (Laridae) colonized urban areas around the world where they flourished. At the same time, some coastal populations declined. The reasons for this difference are not fully understood, partly because little is known about any ecological differences between urban and non‐urban gulls, such as their foraging ecology. Here we compare the movement ecology and habitat selection of Lesser Black‐backed GullsLarus fuscus graellsiibreeding at two neighbouring colonies – one urban and one coastal – in north‐west England. We used bird‐borne GPS loggers to first compare colony‐level movement behaviour and habitat selection and then investigated individual‐level habitat use. We observed clear colony‐level habitat segregation: urban breeders preferentially foraged in urban areas whereas coastal breeders foraged primarily in coastal habitats and avoided urban areas. Coastal breeders also had larger core and home‐ranges than urban breeders, possibly due to differences in colony size. However, we also found inter‐individual differences in habitat use, which may have important management implications. These findings suggest a link between nesting and foraging ecology, and thus management or environmental change altering food availability will impact gulls at the coastal and urban sites differently.
Examining effects of instructional strategies on student engagement in blended online courses
Authors: Heilporn Géraldine , Lakhal Sawsen , Bélisle Marilou 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlended online courses, which combine synchronous and asynchronous online activities, have expanded rapidly in higher education. How to enhance student engagement in such courses is unclear, although it is recognized that student engagement is malleable through instructional strategies.ObjectivesGiven the above, this study aims to examine the influence of categories of strategies on student engagement in blended online courses.MethodsA conceptual framework of instructional strategies indicated as fostering student engagement in the relevant literature was first presented, divided in eight categories (structure, pace, relevance, active, choice, relationships, explanations, guide). Then a research framework linking the categories of strategies to student engagement dimensions (emotional‐cognitive, social, behavioral) was built and tested in blended online courses. Data collected in various disciplines and university levels at four universities (n = 482) were examined using partial least squares structural equation modeling.Results and ConclusionsThe structural model examination confirmed the combined effects of categories of instructional strategies on student engagement in such courses in all disciplines. Particularly, this study revealed that 1) establishing trusting relationships, 2) demonstrating the relevance of activities, content, and resources, and 3) maintaining a sustained course pace significantly impacted student engagement in blended online courses in all disciplines.TakeawaysThis study draws upon the blended learning literature to bring together key instructional strategies that foster student engagement while highlighting empirical quantitative evidence of their effects on student engagement in blended online courses. Detailed measures of categories of instructional strategies and student engagement dimensions also provide reliable instruments for future research.
Clinical relevance of double‐arm blood pressure measurement and prevalence of clinically important inter‐arm blood pressure differences in Indian primary care
Authors: Wander Gurpreet S. , McDonagh Sinead T.J. , Rao M. Srinivasa , Alagesan R. , Mohan J.C. , Bhagwat Ajit , Pancholia A.K. , Viswanathan M. , Chopda Manoj Bhavrilal , Purnanand A. , kapardhi P.L.N. , Vadavi Arun R. , Selvaraj R. , Aneja Pankaj , Hardas Suhas , Bordoloi Neil , Sivakadaksham N. , Goswami Nilesh , Clark Christopher E. , Verberk Willem J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHypertension guidelines recommend measuring blood pressure (BP) in both arms at least once. However, this is seldom done due to uncertainties regarding measurement procedure and the implications of finding a clinically important inter‐arm BP difference (IAD). This study aimed to provide insight into the prevalence of clinically important IADs in a large Indian primary care cohort.A number of 134 678 (37% female) unselected Indian primary care participants, mean age 45.2 (SD 11.9) years, had BP measured in both arms using a standardized, triplicate, automated simultaneous measurement method (Microlife WatchBP Office Afib).On average, there were clinically minor differences in right and left arm BP values: systolic BP 134.4 vs 134.2 mmHg (p < .01) and diastolic BP 82.7 vs 82.6 mmHg (p < .01), respectively.Prevalence of significant mean systolic IAD between 10 and 15 mmHg was 7,813 (5.8%). Systolic IAD ≥ 15 mmHg 2,980 (2.2%) and diastolic IAD ≥ 10 mmHg 7,151 (5.3%). In total, there were 7,595 (5.6%) and 8,548 (6.3%) participants with BP above the 140/90 mmHg threshold in only the left or right arm, respectively. Prevalence of participants with elevated BP on one arm only was highest in patients with a systolic IAD ≥ 15 mmHg; 19.1% and 13.7%, for left and right arm, respectively.This study shows that a substantial prevalence of IAD exists in Indian primary care patients. BP is above the diagnostic threshold for hypertension in one arm only for 6% of participants. These findings emphasize the importance of undertaking bilateral BP measurement in routine clinical practice.
How Institutions Moderated the Pandemic's Economic Impact in EU Member States
Authors: Kuokštis Vytautas , Kuokštytė Ringailė 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe investigate how institutional quality affected the economic downturn in EU countries during the COVID‐19 pandemic (2020–21). Using quarterly panel data, we show that countries with a higher quality of governance and a higher score of economic freedom suffered markedly less. Importantly, institutions mattered more when the pandemic shock was larger. Thus, the pandemic highlights the asymmetric impact of seemingly symmetric exogenous shock on EU economies and raises important issues about the necessary reforms for short‐run resilience and long‐run convergence.
Biological and physiological responses of Bradysia odoriphaga 4th instar larvae to long‐term mild heat stress
Authors: Zhu Guodong , Ding Wenjuan , Zhao Yongfei , Xue Ming , Zhao Haipeng , Qu Cheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe high summer temperature is a key barrier to Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae), a devastating soil pest in China. The 4th instar larvae possess the strongest thermal tolerance to high temperatures. To determine whether B. odoriphaga 4th instar larvae possessed other adaptations to summer mild heat stress than thermal plasticity, we evaluated the biological performance of 4th instar larvae under constant long‐term mild heat stress. The physiological responses were studied including energy storage, hormone level and related gene expression. Bioassay results indicated that 4th instar larvae survived, without pupation, for more than 40 days under long‐term mild heat stress (34°C). Long‐term mild heat stress pretreatment delayed larval development, reduced longevity and fecundity. A summer diapause‐like phenomenon was observed, including larval development stasis under mild heat exposure and prolonged recovery time after mild heat. Protective physiological responses were involved in regulating the larval stage, including fat and glycogen accumulation, a high level of juvenile hormone and a low level of moulting hormone. In addition, high expression levels of hsp70 and hsp90 were detected. The delayed development of 4th instar larvae appears to be a special adaptation strategy to withstand mild heat stress in summer that regulated by complex physiological processes.
Machine learning algorithms based on proteomic data mining accurately predicting the recurrence of hepatitis B‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Feng Gong , He Na , Xia Harry Hua‐Xiang , Mi Man , Wang Ke , Byrne Christopher D , Targher Giovanni , Yuan Hai‐Yang , Zhang Xin‐Lei , Zheng Ming‐Hua , Ye Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimOver 10% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases recur each year, even after surgical resection. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge about the causes of recurrence and the effective prevention. Prediction of HCC recurrence requires diagnostic markers endowed with high sensitivity and specificity. This study aims to identify new key proteins for HCC recurrence and to build machine learning algorithms for predicting HCC recurrence.MethodsThe proteomics data for analysis in this study were obtained from the Clinical Proteomics Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) database. We analyzed different proteins based on cases with or without recurrence of HCC. Survival analysis, Cox regression analysis, and area under the ROC curves (AUROC > 0.7) were used to screen for more significant differential proteins. Predictive models for HCC recurrence were developed using four machine learning algorithms.ResultsA total of 690 differentially expressed proteins between 50 relapsed and 77 non‐relapsed hepatitis B‐related HCC patients were identified. Seven of these proteins had an AUROC > 0.7 for 5‐year survival in HCC, including BAHCC1, ESF1, RAP1GAP, RUFY1, SCAMP3, STK3, and TMEM230. Among the machine learning algorithms, the random forest algorithm showed the highest AUROC values (AUROC: 0.991, 95% CI 0.962–0.999) for identifying HCC recurrence, followed by the support vector machine (AUROC: 0.893, 95% Cl 0.824–0.956), the logistic regression (AUROC: 0.774, 95% Cl 0.672–0.868), and the multi‐layer perceptron algorithm (AUROC: 0.571, 95% Cl 0.459–0.682).ConclusionsOur study identifies seven novel proteins for predicting HCC recurrence and the random forest algorithm as the most suitable predictive model for HCC recurrence.
Evaluating the combined efficacy of oral isotretinoin and topical tacrolimus versus oral finasteride and topical tacrolimus in frontal fibrosing alopecia—A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rokni Ghasem Rahmatpour , Emadi Seyed Naser , Dabbaghzade Abbas , Jahantigh Neda , Beyzaee Amir Mohammad , Sharma Aseem , Rudnicka Lidia , Goldust Mohamad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTreatment of frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is complicated and challenging. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of combining topical tacrolimus with isotretinoin versus finasteride in patients with FFA.MethodologyThirty‐one patients with FFA were divided randomly into two groups. Therapeutic regimen of the first group (group A, n = 16) was isotretinoin and tacrolimus (Capsule isotretinoin 20 mg daily and topical tacrolimus 0.1% BD). The second group (group B, n = 15) was given finasteride and tacrolimus (Tablet finasteride 2.5 mg daily and topical tacrolimus 0.1% BD). Patients were treated and followed up periodically for 12 weeks. Evaluation of the treatment efficacy was based on Patient Global Assessment and Physician Global Assessment scales. Objective evaluation was based on improving the severity of skin lesions by viewing serial images taken from the affected areas.ResultsPhysician Global Assessment (PGA) was significantly better in the group A as compared with the group B at 4 weeks (p = 0.038). Physician satisfaction in the group A was better than the group B at 12 weeks, but this was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Patient Global Assessment and patient satisfaction in the group A was better than the group B at 8 and 12 weeks, but it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).ConclusionAlthough both therapeutic regimens were effective in the treatment of FFA, treatment with tacrolimus and isotretinoin is significantly more effective than tacrolimus and finasteride.
How to needle: A mixed methods study on choice of cannulation technique for arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Staaf Karin , Fernström Anders , Uhlin Fredrik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the basis for choosing a cannulation technique for arteriovenous fistula.BackgroundFour cannulation techniques are relevant to cannulating an arteriovenous fistula: rope ladder, area puncture and buttonhole using blunt or sharp needles. The chosen technique may affect both the patency and number of complications.DesignThe study used a convergent mixed methods design and inductive approach.MethodsA questionnaire and an inquiry of local guidelines were sent to nurses in all dialysis units in Sweden. Questionnaires were answered by nurses from 37 units, and 29 units included their local guidelines. The questionnaires were analysed using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis, and the guidelines were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The different analyses were combined in a final result. The study is based on GRAMMS guidelines.ResultsLocal guidelines, patients' and nurses' own judgement, and consultation with colleagues were found to greatly influence the choice of cannulation technique. Buttonhole was the most preferred cannulation technique in the participating units and was favoured by nurses when choosing a cannulation technique. The process of choosing a cannulation technique was found to be influenced by the dedication to good cannulation technique and healthy arteriovenous fistulas, whether the technique is perceived as being easy to use and is expected to prevent complications and based on the experienced‐based knowledge of each dialysis unit.ConclusionsChoosing a cannulation technique is a process based on the nurse, local guidelines and the patient. Most dialysis nurses and units in Sweden consider buttonhole to be a good cannulation technique and use it as their standard technique.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results provide insight into why cannulation techniques are chosen differently in different units. The results also show the importance of evidence in making decisions on cannulation technique.
Development of the Japanese Version of the Beliefs about Emotions Scale1
Authors: Sasaki Yohei , Oe Yuki , Horikoshi Masaru , Rimes Katharine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPeople have beliefs about the unacceptability of the expression and experience of negative emotions. These beliefs affect psychological health and can have a negative effect on the treatment and symptoms of people with mental disorders and medically unexplained symptoms. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Beliefs about Emotions Scale (BES‐J) and evaluate its reliability and validity. In an online survey, participants with fibromyalgia (n = 226) and healthy controls (n = 184) completed the BES‐J and questionnaires concerning perfectionism, dysfunctional attitudes, depression, anxiety, pain, disability, well‐being, interdependent happiness, and loneliness. The results of the principal component analysis showed that the BES‐J comprised a one‐factor structure, identical to the original. The BES‐J had good internal consistency (.89) and showed a significant correlation with the questionnaires. The BES‐J showed good internal reliability, concurrent validity, and test–retest reliability. The present study suggests that the Japanese version of the BES is appropriate for use with Japanese speakers.
Mind the gaps for the best practices: Enhancing the management of Lake Victoria fisheries resources
Authors: Aura Christopher Mulanda , Roegner Amber , Owiti Horace , Birungi Dorothy , Fiorella Kathryn J. , Corman Jessica , Kayanda Robert , Mbullo Patrick , Nyamweya Chrisphine S. , Mchau Geofrey , Daniels Miles , Abila Richard Oginga 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFisheries resources face a confluence of socio‐ecological challenges, the resolution of which requires interdisciplinary scientific information for sustainable utilization and management. The present study assessed gaps and challenges in Lake Victoria fisheries resources management for better research focus, policy formulation and improved governance of the fishery towards sustainability. Using key informant interviews and a plenary discussion with trans‐disciplinary experts regarding Lake Victoria fisheries research, management and policy sectors, the present study identified current management challenges, gaps and priorities. The present study results indicate a constantly increasing fishing effort, poor enforcement of existing regulations and pollution and invasive weeds pose the greatest threats to the sustainability of Lake Victoria's fisheries resources. Policy gaps include a lack of regulations on emerging technologies (e.g. cage culture) and an absence of implementation guidelines and framework for some existing policies. The aspects and gaps of each challenge are discussed, using available literature for the lake, with policy and capacity interventions recommended under each section for sustainable management of Lake Victoria fisheries resources.
Middle‐out ecology: small carnivores as sentinels of global change
Authors: Marneweck Courtney J. , Allen Benjamin L. , Butler Andrew R. , Do Linh San Emmanuel , Harris Stephen N. , Jensen Alex J. , Saldo Elizabeth A. , Somers Michael J. , Titus Keifer , Muthersbaugh Michael , Vanak Abi , Jachowski David S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpecies that respond to ecosystem change in a timely, measurable, and interpretable way can be used as sentinels of global change. Contrary to a pervasive view, we suggest that, among Carnivora, small carnivores are more appropriate sentinels than large carnivores. This reasoning is built around six key points: that, compared to large carnivores, small carnivores 1) are more species‐rich and diverse, providing more potential sentinels in many systems; 2) occupy a wider range of ecological niches, exhibiting a greater variety of sensitivities to change; 3) hold an intermediate trophic position that is more directly affected by changes at the producer, primary consumer, and tertiary consumer levels; 4) have shorter life spans and higher reproductive rates, exhibiting more rapid responses to change; 5) have smaller home ranges and are more abundant, making it easier to investigate fine‐scale management interventions; 6) are easier to monitor, manage, and manipulate. Therefore, we advocate for incorporating a middle‐out approach, in addition to the established top‐down and bottom‐up approaches, to assessing the responses of ecosystems to global change.
Economic impacts of UK's free trade agreements with Korea, Japan, and EU as a breakthrough of Brexit
Authors: Yi Chae‐Deug 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the UK‐Korea‐EU Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the UK‐Japan‐EU FTA, the gross domestic products of the UK, Korea, Japan, and the EU will increase. The UK's exports to Korea and Japan, and Korea's exports to the UK, Japan, and the EU will increase in some manufacturing sectors, particularly the automotive sector. Likewise, Japan's manufacturing exports to the UK and the EU will grow. However, UK and Japanese exports to the EU and Korea, respectively, will decline in this sector. There will be positive welfare effects on the UK, Korea, and Japan, but negative welfare effects on the EU, China, and the rest of the world (ROW). While UK imports from Korea and Japan and Korean imports from the UK and the EU will both increase and have mixed trade creation and diversion effects, UK imports from the EU will decrease in the manufacturing sectors. Korea's imports from Japan will decline, but Japan's imports from the UK, Korea, and the EU will increase due to trade creation and diversion effects. China's imports from Korea and Japan will decline, whereas China's imports from the UK and the EU will increase. EU imports from Korea and Japan will increase due to trade creation and diversion effects, but EU imports from the UK, China, and the ROW will decline in most manufacturing sectors.
Transcendentality and Conversation: On the Trinity and ‘Word‐Exchange’
Authors: Leung King‐Ho 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article considers how the notions of ‘word’ and ‘conversation’ can contribute to contemporary developments in theological metaphysics by drawing on Christoph Schwöbel’s ontological rendition of Martin Luther’s theology. By way of reading Schwöbel’s theological ontology of conversation with reference to John Milbank’s theology of the gift, this article shows that Schwöbel’s conception of the Trinity as an eternal ‘conversation’ can be understood as an ontology of ‘word‐exchange’ in a fashion similar to Milbank’s account of trinitarian ‘gift‐exchange’. Moreover, the article argues that Schwöbel’s Lutheran construal of creation as God’s ‘created words’ (verba creata) can present a transcendental account of ‘word’ or verbum which complements Milbank’s ontology of the gift or donum. By bringing to light these perhaps surprising convergences between Schwöbel’s Lutheran theology of ‘the word’ and Milbank’s Christian Neo‐Platonic theology of ‘the gift’, this article highlights some of the often‐overlooked metaphysical insights in Luther’s theology of the word, which can contribute not only to ecumenical theological dialogue, but also foster new perspectives and conversations for contemporary developments and discussions in theological metaphysics.
A prospective study of intrapyloric botulinum toxin and EndoFLIP in children with nausea and vomiting
Authors: Hirsch Suzanna , Nurko Samuel , Liu Enju , Rosen Rachel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntrapyloric botulinum toxin injection (IPBI) is used to treat nausea and vomiting in children, but no prospective pediatric studies exist. The aims of the current study were to assess the efficacy of IPBI in children with refractory nausea or vomiting and to use EndoFLIP as a biomarker of IPBI response.MethodsThis was a prospective observational cohort study of pediatric patients undergoing IPBI for refractory nausea, vomiting, or feeding difficulties at a tertiary center. Patients completed validated questionnaires at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 months after IPBI. A subset of patients >10 years old underwent pyloric EndoFLIP at the time of IPBI. Symptoms were compared pre‐ and post‐IPBI, and EndoFLIP measurements were assessed in relation to baseline characteristics and response to IPBI.Key ResultsForty‐five patients (mean age 14.2 ± 6.0 years) received IPBI, and 23 of those patients underwent EndoFLIP. Twenty‐nine patients (64%) had symptomatic improvement at 1‐month follow‐up, including improvements in overall GI symptoms (p = 0.003), nausea and vomiting (p = 0.009), and discomfort when eating (p = 0.006). Symptomatic improvements lasted up to 3 months. There was a trend towards lower pyloric distensibility in patients with delayed versus normal gastric emptying (4.5 ± 3.8 mm2/mmHg in delayed vs. 8.9 ± 6.6 mm2/mmHg in normal, p = 0.09), though there were no differences in EndoFLIP measurements between IPBI responders and non‐responders (p > 0.05).Conclusions and InferencesThe majority of patients responded to IPBI, with significant improvements seen in nausea, vomiting, and discomfort. Pyloric EndoFLIP tended to distinguish baseline delays in gastric emptying, but it did not predict IPBI response in this patient cohort.