bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of subclinical atherosclerosis across metabolic transition in individuals with or without fatty liver disease: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Xin Zhuojun , Huang Jiaojiao , Cao Qiuyu , Wang Jialu , He Ruixin , Hou Tianzhichao , Ding Yi , Lu Jieli , Wang Tiange , Zhao Zhiyun , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang , Xu Min , Bi Yufang , Xu Yu , Li Mian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Metabolic dysfunction is a major determinant in the progression of fatty liver disease. It is pivotal to evaluate the metabolic status and subsequent transition in fatty liver population and to identify the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.
Methods
The prospective cohort study included 6260 Chinese community residents during 2010–2015. Fatty liver was determined as hepatic steatosis (HS) by ultrasonography. Metabolic unhealthy (MU) status was defined as having diabetes and/or ≥ 2 metabolic risk factors. Participants were categorized into 4 groups according to the combination of metabolic healthy (MH)/MU and fatty liver status (MHNHS, MUNHS, MHHS and MUHS). Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, pulse pressure and/or albuminuria.
Results
31.3% of the participants had fatty liver disease and 76.9% were in MU status. During a 4.3-year follow-up, 24.2% of participants developed composite subclinical atherosclerosis. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios for composite subclinical atherosclerosis risk were (1.66 [1.30–2.13]) in MUNHS group and (2.57 [1.90–3.48]) in MUHS group. It seemed that participants with fatty liver disease were more prone to be remained in MU status (90.7% vs.50.8%) and less likely to regress to MH status (4.0% vs. 8.9%). Fatty liver participants progressed to (3.11 [1.23–7.92]) or maintained MU status (4.87 [3.25–7.31]) significantly impelled the development of the composite risk, while regressing to MH status (0.15 [0.04–0.64]) were more intended to mitigate the risk.
Conclusions
The current study emphasized the importance of assessing metabolic status and its dynamic changes, especially in the fatty liver population. Regressing from MU to MH status not only benefited the systematic metabolic profile but also ameliorated future cardiometabolic complications.
Requirement of image standardization for AI-based macroscopic diagnosis for surgical specimens of gastric cancer
Authors: Sakashita Shingo , Sakamoto Naoya , Kojima Motohiro , Taki Tetsuro , Miyazaki Saori , Minakata Nobuhisa , Sasabe Maasa , Kinoshita Takahiro , Ishii Genichiro , Ochiai Atsushi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The pathological diagnosis of surgically resected gastric cancer involves both a macroscopic diagnosis by gross observation and a microscopic diagnosis by microscopy. Macroscopic diagnosis determines the location and stage of the disease and the involvement of other organs and surgical margin. Lesion recognition is thus an important diagnostic step that requires a skilled pathologist. Nonetheless, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies could allow even inexperienced doctors and laboratory technicians to examine surgically resected specimens without the need for pathologists. However, organ imaging conditions vary across hospitals, and an AI algorithm created in one setting may not work properly in another. Thus, we identified and standardized factors affecting the quality of pathological macroscopic images, which could further affect lesion identification using AI.
Methods
We examined necessary image standardization for developing cancer detection AI for surgically resected gastric cancer by changing the following imaging conditions: focus, resolution, brightness, and contrast.
Results
Regarding focus, brightness, and contrast, the farther away the test data were from the training macro image, the less likely the inference was to be correct. Little change was observed for resolution, even with differing conditions for the training and test data. Regarding focus, brightness, and contrast, there were conditions appropriate for AI. Contrast, in particular, was far from the conditions appropriate for humans.
Conclusion
Standardizing focus, brightness, and contrast is important in the development of AI methodologies for lesion detection in surgically resected gastric cancer. This standardization is essential for AI to be implemented across hospitals.
Measuring social exclusion and its distribution in England
Authors: Dykxhoorn Jennifer , Osborn David , Fischer Laura , Troy David , Kirkbride James B , Walters Kate 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocial exclusion is a multidimensional concept referring to the restricted ability of individuals or groups to participate fully in society. While social exclusion has been used to explore patterns of disadvantage, it has been difficult to measure. Thus, we aimed to use population-based data to measure social exclusion and its domains.MethodsWe used data fromUnderstanding Societyin 2009/10 develop a multidimensional measurement approach, replicated in 2018/19. We defined five domains of social exclusion from the literature and expert consultation: material, relational, political, digital, and structural. In both waves, we identified measures for each domain, then conducted principal component analysis to identify the components. We generated domain scores and an overall social exclusion score. We described the distribution of social exclusion and its domains by sex, region, age, and ethnicity.ResultsWe found the level of social exclusion was higher in the youngest age group and decreased by age. We found elevated levels of overall social exclusion for ethnic minoritised groups including African, Arab, and Caribbean groups compared to White British groups. We found distinct patterns within each domain.DiscussionWe developed an overall measure of social exclusion with five domains, and finding distinct patterns of social exclusion by age, ethnicity, and region which varied across domain. These findings suggest that attention should be paid to the separate domains due to different population distributions. This measurement approach moves beyond conceptual discussions of social exclusion and demonstrates the utility of a quantitative measure of social exclusion for use in health and social research.
Changes of ECG parameters after BNT162b2 vaccine in the senior high school students
Authors: Chiu Shuenn-Nan , Chen Yih-Sharng , Hsu Chia-Chen , Hua Yu-Chuan , Tseng Wei-Chieh , Lu Chun-Wei , Lin Ming-Tai , Chen Chun-An , Wu Mei-Hwan , Chen Yu-Ting , Chien Ting-Chou Hung , Tseng Chien-Lun , Wang Jou-Kou 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To determine the ECG parameters change and the efficacy of ECG screening for cardiac adverse effect after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine in young population.
Methods: In December 2021, in cooperation with the school vaccination system of Taipei City government, we performed a ECG screening study during the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccines. Serial comparisons of ECGs and questionnaires survey were performed before and after vaccine in four male-predominant senior high schools.
Results: Among 7934 eligible students, 4928 (62.1%) were included in the study. The male/female ratio was 4576/352. In total, 763 students (17.1%) had at least one cardiac symptom after the second vaccine dose, mostly chest pain and palpitations. The depolarization and repolarization parameters (QRS duration and QT interval) decreased significantly after the vaccine with increasing heart rate. Abnormal ECGs were obtained in 51 (1.0%) of the students, of which 1 was diagnosed with mild myocarditis and another 4 were judged to have significant arrhythmia. None of the patients needed to be admitted to hospital and all of these symptoms improved spontaneously. Using these five students as a positive outcome, the sensitivity and specificity of this screening method were 100% and 99.1%, respectively.
Conclusions: Cardiac symptoms are common after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine, but the incidences of significant arrhythmias and myocarditis are only 0.1%. The serial ECG screening method has high sensitivity and specificity for significant cardiac adverse effect but cost effect needs further discussed.
Within Intervention Change: Anger Regulation and Hostile Intent Attribution as Mechanisms to Reduce Children’s Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Alsem Sophie C. , Verhulp Esmée E. , Dijk Anouk , De Castro Bram O. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Intervention programs can effectively reduce children’s aggressive behavior problems. However, surprisingly few studies have investigated through what underlying mechanisms these interventions exert their beneficial effects. This requires high-frequency measurements of change mechanisms throughout the course of treatment. We used such a design to examine adaptive anger regulation and hostile intent attribution as mechanisms of change in an intervention to reduce children’s aggressive behavior problems. In total, 76 boys with aggressive behavior problems (Mage = 10.58, SD = 1.52; 96.1% born in Netherlands) participated in an 11-session cognitive behavior therapy intervention. During each treatment session, we used brief 3-item measures to assess children’s self-reported anger regulation, hostile intent attribution and aggression, as well as parent-reported child aggression. We analyzed these high-frequency measurements using latent growth curve models, providing an empirical test of individual-level change mechanisms. Results showed that individual change in child-reported aggression was associated with individual change in adaptive anger regulation and hostile intent attribution. For parent-reported aggression, such associations were found only for hostile intent attribution. These findings provide support for anger regulation and hostile intent attribution as within intervention change mechanisms, supporting the idea that these mechanisms are effective intervention targets to reduce children’s aggressive behavior problems.
Whole Genome Sequencing of a Multidrug-resistant Strain: D. acidovorans B408
Authors: Li Ke , Liu Xue , Zuo Wenlu , Wu Na 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Delftia acidovorans is distributed widely in the environment and has the potentials to promote the growth of plants and degrade organic pollutants. However, it is also an opportunistic pathogen for human and many reports demonstrated that D. acidovorans has strong resistance to aminoglycosides and polymyxins. The aim of this work was to reveal the antibiotic resistance genes and pathogenic genes in a novel conditional pathogenic strain – D. acidovorans B804, which was isolated from the radiation-polluted soil from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. The antibiotic resistance test was performed according to the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and evaluated by the standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The genome of D. acidovorans B804 was sequenced by a PacBio RS II and Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform in Shanghai Majorbio Bio-pharm Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The multidrug resistance phenotypes of D. acidovorans B804 was experimentally confirmed and its genome was sequenced. The total size of D. acidovorans B804 genome was 6,661,314 bp with a GC content of 66.73%. 403 genes associated with antibiotic resistances were predicted. Meanwhile, 89 pathogenic genes were also predicted and 17 of these genes might be capable of causing diseases to human such as infections and salmonellosis. This genomic information can be used as a reference sequence for comparative genomic studies. The results provided more insights regarding the pathogenesis and drug resistance mechanism of D. acidovorans, which will be meaningful for developing more effective therapies towards D. acidovorans- related diseases.
Hidden blood loss and its possible risk factors in full endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Ge ZhiLin , Zhao WenHua , Wu ZhiHua , He JiaHui , Zhu GuangYe , Cui JianChao , Ren Hui , Jiang XiaoBing , Yu WeiBo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective Full endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (ELIF) is a representative recent emerging minimally invasive operation, and its effectiveness has been continuously proved. This study aimed to evaluate the hidden blood loss in ELIF procedure and its possible risk factors. Methods The blood loss was calculated by Gross formula. Sex, age, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, ASA classification, fusion levels, surgical approach type(the count of trans-Kambin approach and interlaminar approach), surgery time, preoperative RBC, HGB, Hct, PT, INR, APTT, Fg, postoperative mean arterial pressure, postoperative heart rate, Intraoperative blood loss (IBL), patient blood volume were included to investigate the possible risk factors by correlation analysis and multiple linear regression between variables and hidden blood loss. Results 96 patients (23 males, 73 females) who underwent ELIF were retrospective analyzed in this study. The total blood loss was 303.56 (120.49, 518.43) ml(median [interquartile range]), of which the hidden blood loss was 240.11 (65.51, 460.31) ml, accounting for 79.10% of the total blood loss. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that fusion levels(P = 0.002), age(P = 0.003), hypertension(P = 0.000), IBL(P = 0.012), PT(P = 0.016), preoperative HBG(P = 0.037) were the possible risk factor for HBL. Conclusion The fusion levels, younger age, hypertension, PT, preoperative HBG are possible independent risk factor of HBL during ELIF procedure. In clinic, we should pay attention to the possibility of large perioperative blood loss even in minimally invasive surgery.
In vitro Cytogenetic Effects of the Euphorbia grisophylla Aerial Parts Aqueous Extract in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes
Authors: Polat Sedat , İla Hasan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The effects of the aqueous extract obtained from the aerial parts of Euphorbia grisophylla M.L.S.Khan, a herbaceous member of the Euphorbiaceae family, which is common in other parts of the world outside the Antarctic continent, on genotoxic, cytotoxic, and oxidative parameters were investigated. Experiments were carried out under short-term and in vitro conditions with sublethal concentrations of the test substance extract. According to the first results, the plant extract did not significantly affect the oxidative stress indicators in cell culture. Similarly, it increased the micronucleus ratio in lymphocytes insignificantly, but the concentration-effect relationship is significant in the 24-hour treatment. Again, the test substance did not induce an evident reversion-type mutation in the Ames test. However, the percentage of damaged cells in the Comet test and the genetic damage index increased significantly except for the lowest concentration. The cytotoxic effect observed in the context of the same pattern with these findings is remarkable. In conclusion, the slightly clastogenic and cytotoxic effect of Euphorbia grisophylla aqueous extract, not based on the oxidative attack, may provide a new projection for further research, like cancer therapy.
Extract of Plastrum Testudinis through miR-214 mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling stimulating bone formation
Authors: Lin Qing , Yang Yumei , Li Xiaoyun , Wang Haoyu , Cui Yan , Wang Panpan , Zhu Xiaofeng , Yang Li , Zhang Ronghua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Plastrum Testudinis (PT) is known as Traditional Chinese Medicine, which has commonly been used to treat and prevent bone metabolism for many years. However, the pharmacological mechanisms have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we constructed a bilateral ovariectomy model to simulate postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP), then performed intragastric administration of different doses (160, 80, 40 mg/kg/day) of PT for 10 weeks. After treatment, we used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to evaluate bone mineral density, and micro-computed tomography and hematoxylin and eosin staining to analyze bone microstructure, immunochemistry, western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related factors; and miRNA over-expression to evaluate the effect of miR-214 on the differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and related target genes. PT moderated bone mass and bone microstructure, alleviated body weight, and exhibited no estrogen-like effects; promoted the expression of osteogenic differentiation factors in the femur and lumbar vertebrae, as well as facilitated the expression of the Wnt signaling-related factors LRP5, Wnt3a, GSK-3β, and β-catenin. In addition, miR-214 inhibited osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and targeted the Wnt signaling-related factors Wnt3a and β-catenin, while PT ameliorated these effects. This study indicated that PT may act as an antagonist of miR-214 to stimulate bone formation through β-catenin-mediated Wnt signaling.
Landscape change scenarios: Developing participatory tools for enhancing resilience to climate change
Authors: Zandlová Markéta , Skokanová Hana , Trnka Miroslav 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Impacts of climate change as well as adaptation and mitigation policies have been studied through their effects on individuals, societies, the economic sector, agriculture, and ecosystems. Since the environment is expected to change significantly as a consequence of global warming, the role of local communities in shaping a more resilient landscape is crucial. This paper focuses on regions that are highly susceptible to climate change impacts, with the aim to develop and test an interdisciplinary mixed-methods approach to the development of future landscape scenarios, combining: i) qualitative and quantitative methods; and ii) research-driven (exploratory) and participatory (normative) processes of scenario development. A research-driven business-as-usual scenario accounts for adopted and planned mandatory adaptation policies, while an optimistic scenario, developed through a combination of research-driven and participatory approaches, includes additional measures stemming from feasible local activities. While the differences between the impacts of both scenarios on the land use and landscape structure seem to be relatively subtle, the optimistic scenario driven by active stakeholders would in fact lead to a considerably more resilient landscape. The results show that the mixed-method approach is limited to some extent due to its labour/effort intensity, uncertainty in the projections of particular landscape element changes, and unpredictability in the durability of the participatory process and local activism. However, it encourages citizens in thinking about the future of the landscape threatened by the impacts of climate change, and increases their willingness to actively manage the landscape in a way leading to enhancing the resilience to climate change effects.
Neuroscience Applied to Education Online Course: A Way to Promote Debate and Interest of School Teachers on Neurobiology of Learning
Authors: Lima Karine Ramires , Carrazoni Guilherme Salgado , Tadielo Ana Luíza , Mello-Carpes Pâmela Billig 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Understanding how the brain function to promote learning shouldn't just be interesting to neuroscientists, but especially to teachers. From the moment that teachers understand the processes of learning and memory, this knowledge can help their teaching practice. Here, we report the 10th edition of the course "Neuroscience Applied to Education", offered online in the pandemic period of 2021, in Brazil. The course featured classes on eight neuroscience topics, taught by expert professors. The course had the participation of schoolteachers, most of them teaching children aged between 6-14 years old. Teachers stated that their perception of basic neuroscience knowledge improved after completing the course. They believed that the specific neuroscience topics related to education and teaching practice will have the greatest impact on their professional performance. Teachers evaluated the very well course, and the topics discussed generated debate and interest from the professors.
A unique microbiota for normal breast tissue
Authors: German Rana , Marino Natascia , Hemmerich Chris , Podicheti Ram , Rusch Douglas B. , Stiemsma Leah T. , Gao Hongyu , Xuei Xiaoling , Rockey Pam , Storniolo Anna Maria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Microbial dysbiosis has emerged as a factor in most cancers, including breast cancer. However, whether changes in microbial composition of the breast are a cause, or a consequence, of tumor development remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the microbiota of normal breast tissue (N = 403) by sequencing the nine hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene (V1V2, V2V3, V4V5, V5V7, and V7V9).
Results
We defined the V1V2 amplicon as optimal for our analysis and identified Lactobacillaceae (Firmicutes phylum), Acetobacterraceae, and Xanthomonadaceae (both Proteobacteria phylum) as the most abundant families in the normal breast. However, Ralstonia (Proteobacteria phylum) was more abundant in breast tumors and histologically normal tissues adjacent to malignant tumors (N = 31 and N = 61, respectively). We also conducted a correlation analysis between the microbiome and known breast cancer risk factors. Abundances of the bacterial taxa Acetotobacter aceti, Lactobacillus vini, Lactobacillus paracasei, and Xanthonomas sp. were associated with age (p < 0.0001), racial background (p < 0.0001), and parity (p < 0.0001). Finally, transcriptome analysis of normal breast tissues showed an enrichment in metabolism- and immune-related genes in the tissues with abundant Acetotobacter aceti, Lactobacillus vini, Lactobacillus paracasei, and Xanthonomas sp., whereas the presence of Ralstonia in the normal tissue was linked to genes involved in the carbohydrate metabolic pathway.
Conclusions
This study defines the microbial features of normal breast tissue, thus providing a basis to understand cancer-related dysbiosis. Moreover, the findings reveal that lifestyle factors can significantly affect the breast microbial composition.