bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method based on plateletpheresis to obtain functional platelet,CD3+andCD14+matched populations for research immunological studies
Authors: Pablo‐Torres Carmela , Delgado‐Dolset María Isabel , Sanchez‐Solares Javier , Mera‐Berriatua Leticia , Núñez Martín Buitrago Lucía , Reaño Martos Mar , Bueno José Luis , Escribese Maria M. , Barber Domingo , Gomez‐Casado Cristina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn previous studies with peripheral blood cells, platelet factors were found to be associated with severe allergic phenotypes. A reliable method yielding highly concentrated and pure platelet samples is usually not available for immunological studies. Plateletpheresis is widely used in the clinics for donation purposes. In this study, we designed a protocol based on plateletpheresis to obtain Platelet‐Rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet‐Poor Plasma (PPP) as well as CD3+and CD14+cells matched samples from a waste plateletpheresis product for immunological studies.MethodsTwenty‐seven subjects were voluntarily subjected to plateletpheresis. PRP, PPP and blood cell concentrate contained in a leukocyte reduction system chamber (LRSC) were obtained in this process. CD3+and CD14+cells were isolated from the LRSC by density‐gradient centrifugation and positive magnetic bead isolation. RNA was isolated from PRP, CD3+and CD14+cell samples and used for transcriptomic studies by Affymetrix. PRP and PPP samples were used for platelet protein quantification by multiplex assays.ResultsA reliable high yield method to obtain matched samples of PRP, PPP, CD3+and CD14+from a single donor for RNA and protein analyses has been designed. The RNA quality indicators (RQI) routinely used for other cell types were not suitable for platelet RNA characterization. Despite this, the platelet RNA was valid for transcriptomic studies by Affymetrix, as platelet transcripts obtained in our previous studies were confirmed in PRP samples. Platelet samples were enriched in platelet factors as determined in protein multiplex analysis.ConclusionsWe have developed a method that yields not only high content and pure platelet samples from a single donor but also CD3+and CD14+matched samples that can be used for RNA and protein analyses in immunological studies.
Learning how to learn from social feedback: The origins of early vocal development
Authors: Elmlinger Steven L. , Schwade Jennifer A. , Vollmer Laura , Goldstein Michael H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInfants’ prelinguistic vocalizations reliably organize vocal turn‐taking with social partners, creating opportunities for learning to produce the sound patterns of the ambient language. This social feedback loop supporting early vocal learning is well‐documented, but its developmental origins have yet to be addressed. When do infants learn that their non‐cry vocalizations influence others? To test developmental changes in infant vocal learning, we assessed the vocalizations of 2‐ and 5‐month‐old infants in a still‐face interaction with an unfamiliar adult. During the still‐face, infants who have learned the social efficacy of vocalizing increase their babbling rate. In addition, to assess the expectations for social responsiveness that infants build from their everyday experience, we recorded caregiver responsiveness to their infants’ vocalizations during unstructured play. During the still‐face, only 5‐month‐old infants showed an increase in vocalizing (a vocal extinction burst) indicating that they had learned to expect adult responses to their vocalizations. Caregiver responsiveness predicted the magnitude of the vocal extinction burst for 5‐month‐olds. Because 5‐month‐olds show a vocal extinction burst with unfamiliar adults, they must have generalized the social efficacy of their vocalizations beyond their familiar caregiver. Caregiver responsiveness to infant vocalizations during unstructured play was similar for 2‐ and 5‐month‐olds. Infants thus learn the social efficacy of their vocalizations between 2 and 5 months of age. During this time, infants build associations between their own non‐cry sounds and the reactions of adults, which allows learning of the instrumental value of vocalizing.
Participation of children and young people with cerebral palsy in activities of daily living in rural Uganda
Authors: Andrews Carin , Namaganda Lukia Hamid , Imms Christine , Eliasson Ann‐Christin , Asige Elizabeth , Wanjala Godfrey , Kakooza‐Mwesige Angelina , Forssberg Hans 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo compare the participation attendance and involvement of children and young people with and without cerebral palsy (CP) in a low‐resource area of Uganda.MethodEighty‐two children and young people with CP aged 6 to 22 years (49 males, 33 females) and 81 age‐ and sex‐matched peers without CP (6 to 22 years; 48 males, 33 females) participated in this population‐based, cross‐sectional study. Data on attendance and involvement in 20 home and community activities were obtained using Picture My Participation, an instrument intended to measure participation in children with disabilities, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Non‐parametric statistical methods were used to assess between‐group differences. Effect size estimates were calculated.ResultsPooled attendance across all activities was lower in children and young people with CP than in children and young people without CP (p < 0.001) and for each activity item (p = 0.004 to p < 0.001). The effect sizes for each activity were 0.2 to 0.7. Between‐group differences were larger for community activities than for home activities. Pooled involvement across all activities was less in the group with CP (p < 0.001) and for each activity (p = 0.014 to p < 0.001). The effect sizes for each activity were 0.2 to 0.5. Children and young people in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I and II had higher attendance (p < 0.001) and involvement (p = 0.023) than those in GMFCS levels III to V.InterpretationParticipation of young people living with CP in Uganda was restricted, especially for community activities. There is a need to identify context‐specific participation barriers and develop strategies to overcome them.What this paper adds

Children and young people with cerebral palsy (CP) attended all activities less than their peers without CP.
Differences in attendance were larger for community‐based activities than home activities.
When attending activities, children and young people with CP were less involved than their peers.
Children and young people with milder impairments attended less frequently than their peers without CP.
Children and young people with milder impairments attended more frequently than their peers with severe impairments.
Co‐evolutionary adaptations of Acinetobacter baumannii and a clinical carbapenemase‐encoding plasmid during carbapenem exposure
Authors: Zhang Linyue , Fu Ying , Zhang Linghong , Xu Qingye , Yang Yunxing , He Jintao , Leptihn Sebastian , Loh Belinda , Moran Robert A. , van Schaik Willem , Toleman Mark Alexander , Chen Qiong , Liu Lilin , Yu Yunsong , Hua Xiaoting 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOXA‐23 is the predominant carbapenemase in carbapenem‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The co‐evolutionary dynamics of A. baumannii and OXA‐23‐encoding plasmids are poorly understood. Here, we transformed A. baumannii ATCC 17978 with pAZJ221, a blaOXA−23‐containing plasmid from clinical A. baumannii isolate A221, and subjected the transformant to experimental evolution in the presence of a sub‐inhibitory concentration of imipenem for nearly 400 generations. We used population sequencing to track genetic changes at six time points and evaluated phenotypic changes. Increased fitness of evolving populations, temporary duplication of blaOXA−23 in pAZJ221, interfering allele dynamics, and chromosomal locus‐level parallelism were observed. To characterize genotype‐to‐phenotype associations, we focused on six mutations in parallel targets predicted to affect small RNAs and a cyclic dimeric (3′ → 5′) GMP‐metabolizing protein. Six isogenic mutants with or without pAZJ221 were engineered to test for the effects of these mutations on fitness costs and plasmid kinetics, and the evolved plasmid containing two copies of blaOXA−23 was transferred to ancestral ATCC 17978. Five of the six mutations contributed to improved fitness in the presence of pAZJ221 under imipenem pressure, and all but one of them impaired plasmid conjugation ability. The duplication of blaOXA−23 increased host fitness under carbapenem pressure but imposed a burden on the host in antibiotic‐free media relative to the ancestral pAZJ221. Overall, our study provides a framework for the co‐evolution of A. baumannii and a clinical blaOXA−23‐containing plasmid in the presence of imipenem, involving early blaOXA−23 duplication followed by chromosomal adaptations that improved the fitness of plasmid‐carrying cells.
Mean‐stress sensitivity of an ultrahigh‐strength steel under uniaxial and torsional high and very high cycle fatigue loading
Authors: Schönbauer Bernd M. , Ghosh Sumit , Karr Ulrike , Pallaspuro Sakari , Kömi Jukka , Frondelius Tero , Mayer Herwig 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe influence of load ratio on the high and very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) strength of Ck45M steel processed by thermomechanical rolling integrated direct quenching was investigated. Ultrasonic fatigue tests were performed under uniaxial and torsional loading at load ratios ofR = −1, 0.05, 0.3, and 0.5 with smooth specimens and specimens containing artificially introduced defects. Up to 2 × 105 cycles, failure originated from surface aluminate inclusions and pits under both loading conditions. The prevailing fracture mechanisms in the VHCF regime were interior crack initiation under uniaxial loading and surface shear crack initiation under torsional loading. The mean‐stress sensitivity and the fatigue strength were evaluated using fracture mechanics approaches. Equal fatigue limits for uniaxial and torsional loading were determined considering the size of crack initiating defects and the appropriate threshold condition for Mode‐I crack growth. Furthermore, the mean‐stress sensitivity is independent of loading condition and can be expressed by and .
Agglomeration, resource reallocation and domestic value‐added ratio in exports
Authors: Liu Xinheng , Pan Ziyuan , Fang Dongli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing micro merged data of China's customs transaction and National Bureau of Statistics Annual Surveys of Industrial Firms data, this paper analyzes the effect of industrial agglomeration on domestic value‐added in exports to gross exports (DVAR). It is found that industrial agglomeration significantly improves DVAR. Mechanism tests show that industrial agglomeration promotes DVAR by increasing the relative price of imported intermediate inputs and domestic inputs (relative price effect), as well as restrains DVAR by restraining cost markup of firm (cost markup effect). However, the promotion effect of the “relative price effect” is greater than the restraint effect of the “cost markup effect”. In addition, accession to the World Trade Organization and exchange reform strengthen the promotion effect of industrial agglomeration. The result of dynamic decomposition shows that 74.62% of the industry's DVAR increase is attributed to the resource re‐allocation effect, which is an important channel for industrial agglomeration to promote DVAR.
Wheat bread fortified with Dictyophora Indusiata powder: evaluation of quality attributes, antioxidant characteristics and bread staling
Authors: Liu Yudi , Zhang Heng , Yu Hongda , Li Jiang , Brennan Margaret A , Brennan Charles S , Qin Yuyue 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThis study aimed to investigate the physical, nutritional, antioxidant and sensory properties, as well as the starch digestibility of wheat bread containing Dictyophora Indusiata powder (DIP) as a functional addition. Results showed that though the specific volume of wheat breads decreased with the addition of DIP, the chewiness showed an increasing trend. The wheat bread containing DIP showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) content of protein and dietary fibre compared to the control bread. On the other hand, with the addition of DIP, the total phenolic content and antioxidant properties of wheat bread significantly (P < 0.05) increased. The moisture and texture of bread during storage improved significantly (P < 0.05), and the enthalpy of bread decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in staling period. In conclusion, the wheat bread added with DIP could be a feasible baking product with improved nutritional, antioxidant properties and bread staling.
Suppression of airway allergic eosinophilia by Hp‐TGM, a helminth mimic of TGF‐β
Authors: Chauché Caroline , Rasid Orhan , Donachie Anne‐Marie , McManus Caitlin M. , Löser Stephan , Campion Tiffany , Richards Josh , Smyth Danielle J. , McSorley Henry J. , Maizels Rick M. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTType 2‐high asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways which is increasingly prevalent in countries where helminth parasite infections are rare, and characterized by T helper 2 (Th2)‐dependent accumulation of eosinophils in the lungs. Regulatory cytokines such as TGF‐β can restrain inflammatory reactions, dampen allergic Th2 responses, and control eosinophil activation. The murine helminth parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus releases a TGF‐β mimic (Hp‐TGM) that replicates the biological and functional properties of TGF‐β despite bearing no structural similarity to the mammalian protein. Here, we investigated if Hp‐TGM could alleviate allergic airway inflammation in mice exposed to Alternaria alternata allergen, house dust mite (HDM) extract or alum‐adjuvanted ovalbumin protein (OVA). Intranasal administration of Hp‐TGM during Alternaria exposure sharply reduced airway and lung tissue eosinophilia along with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid IL‐5 and lung IL‐33 cytokine levels at 24 h. The protective effect of Hp‐TGM on airway eosinophilia was also obtained in the longer T‐cell mediated models of HDM or OVA sensitisation with significant inhibition of eotaxin‐1, IL‐4 and IL‐13 responses depending on the model and time‐point. Hp‐TGM was also protective when administered parenterally either when given at the time of allergic sensitisation or during airway allergen challenge. This project has taken the first steps in identifying the role of Hp‐TGM in allergic asthma and highlighted its ability to control lung inflammation and allergic pathology. Future research will investigate the mode of action of Hp‐TGM against airway allergic eosinophilia, and further explore its potential to be developed as a biotherapeutic in allergic asthma.
Calcium controlled NFATc1 activation enhances suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells isolated from generalized vitiligo patients
Authors: Giri Prashant S. , Bharti Ankit H. , Begum Rasheedunnisa , Dwivedi Mitesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNFATs and FOXP3 are linked with impaired regulatory T‐cells (Tregs) in generalized vitiligo (GV). To elucidate calcium mediated NFATc1 signalling pathway and its effect on Treg suppressive capacity in GV. Calcium levels, calcineurin, NFATc1 and GSK‐3β activity and cell proliferation were assessed in 52 GV patients and 50 controls by calcium assay kit, calcineurin phosphatase assay kit, TransAM NFATc1 kit, GSK‐3β ELISA and BrdU cell proliferation assay. Transcripts (CNB, CAM, GSK3B, DYRK1A and calcium channel genes) and protein (IFN‐γ, IL‐10 and TGF‐β) expressions were assessed by qPCR and ELISA, respectively. Reduced plasma and intracellular Tregs calcium levels and ORAI1 transcripts suggested altered calcium homeostasis in GV Tregs (p = 0.00387, p = 0.0048, p < 0.0001), which led to decreased calcineurin and NFATc1 activity in GV Tregs (p = 0.0299, p < 0.0001). CNB and CAM transcripts were reduced in GV Tregs (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0004). GSK‐3β activity, GSK3B and DYRK1A transcripts significantly increased in GV Tregs (p = 0.0134, p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001). Plasma (p = 0.0225, p = 0.032) and intracellular Treg (p = 0.0035, p = 0.005) calcium levels, calcineurin (p = 0.001) and NFATc1 (p = 0.001, p < 0.0001) activity and ORAI1 (p = 0.0093, p < 0.0001), CAM and CNB (p = 0.0214) transcripts significantly decreased in active vitiligo (AV) and severe GV (sGV) Tregs. Calcium treatment significantly increased intracellular calcium and ORAI1 transcripts in GV Tregs (p = 0.0042, p = 0.0035). Moreover, calcium treatment enhanced calcineurin and NFATc1 activity in GV Tregs (p = 0.0128, p < 0.0001). Remarkably, calcium treatment increased Treg mediated suppression of CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cells (p = 0.015, p = 0.006) in GV and increased Tregs associated cytokines: IL‐10 (p = 0.0323, p = 0.009), TGF‐β (p = 0.0321, p = 0.01) and decreased IFN‐γ production (p = 0.001, p = 0.016) by CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cells. Intracellular calcium levels positively correlated with calcineurin (r = 0.83; p < 0.0001) and NFATc1 (r = 0.61; p < 0.0001) activity, suggesting the enhanced Treg immunosuppressive capacity after calcium treatment. Our study for the first time suggests that reduced plasma calcium and ORAI1 transcripts are linked to calcium uptake defects in Tregs, which leads to reduced calcineurin and NFATc1 activation, thereby contributing to decreased Tregs immunosuppressive capacity in GV. Elevated GSK‐3β activity and GSKB and DYRK1A transcripts are involved in reduced NFATc1 activity in GV Tregs. Overall, the study suggests that calcium‐NFATc1‐signalling pathway is likely to be involved in defective Tregs function and can be implicated for development of effective Treg mediated therapeutics for GV.
Immunogenicity and safety of SpikoGen®, an adjuvanted recombinant SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein vaccine as a homologous and heterologous booster vaccination: A randomized placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Tabarsi Payam , Anjidani Nassim , Shahpari Ramin , Roshanzamir Khashayar , Fallah Newsha , Andre Greiciely , Petrovsky Nikolai , Barati Saghar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpikoGen® is a subunit recombinant spike protein vaccine combined with Advax‐CpG55.2™ adjuvant. This COVID‐19 vaccine was shown to be safe, immunogenic and efficacious in previous clinical trials. This study aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of SpikoGen® vaccine as a homologous and heterologous booster vaccination. This double‐blind and randomized placebo‐controlled (5:1) trial was performed on 300 already vaccinated participants. SpikoGen® or saline placebo was administered as a booster dose to participants who had received a full two‐dose COVID‐19 vaccination course. Immunogenicity assessments were done 14 days after the booster dose with the primary immunogenicity outcome seroconversion rate of neutralizing antibodies. Safety outcomes included the incidence of solicited adverse events up to 7 days after the booster dose. SpikoGen® vaccine induced a robust humoral response both as a homologous and heterologous booster, when compared to the placebo. At Day 14, seroconversion of neutralizing antibodies was 76% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 69%–82%) in the SpikoGen® group versus 3% (95% CI: 0%–13%) in the placebo group. The most common local and systemic reported adverse events were injection site pain and fatigue. No serious adverse events were reported. The SpikoGen®‐booster induced cross‐neutralization of other SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Irrespective of the primary vaccine course received, SpikoGen® vaccine showed promising effects as both a homologous and heterologous booster dose. This vaccine also had a good safety profile with no vaccine‐associated serious adverse events. On the basis of these results, SpikoGen® vaccine has been approved as a booster dose.
Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from skin abscesses of native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae)
Authors: Pathirana Hansani Nilupama Kumari Senarath , Cho Ho-Seong , Cho Yong-Il , Kim Chan-Lan , Wimalasena Sudu Hakuruge Madusha Pramud , Rajapaksha Lansakara Gedara Thilini Ganga , Gunasekara Chathura Wikumpriya Rusiri , Kim Chong-Han , Seo Byoung-Joo , Moon Sung-Hyun , Park Jin-Ho , Shin Gee-Wook 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to investigate the molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis from skin abscesses of Korean native black goats (KNBG, Capra hircus coreanae) in South Korea.

Methods and results
A total of 83 isolates were recovered from skin abscesses of KNBG. Of these isolates, 74 isolates were identified as C. pseudotuberculosis by phospholipase D (PLD) gene-based PCR assay. Each of the isolates possessed all 18 virulence genes (FagA, FagB, FagC, FagD, SigE, SpaC, SodC, PknG, NanH, OppA, OppB, OppC, OppD, OppF, CopC, NrdH and CpaE). The genetic diversity of C. pseudotuberculosis isolates was assessed by the phylogenetic analysis using the concatenated sequences (3073 bp) of five housekeeping genes (fusA, dnaK, infB, groeL1 and leuA) for investigating their genetic diversity. In the results, the isolates belonged to three groups: group 1 (67 isolates), group 2 (one isolate) and group 3 (six isolates) within biovar ovis. However, the groups exhibited low genetic diversity (0.20%–0.41%). In the antimicrobial susceptibility test, most isolates were susceptible to tetracycline, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, enrofloxacin, cefoxitin, ampicillin, gentamycin, cephalothin and doxycycline, whereas they were not susceptible to cefotaxime, trimethoprim and streptomycin.

Conclusion
This results suggest the involvement of relatively few clones of C. pseudotuberculosis in Korea. Further, present isolates can threaten public health due to potentially virulent strains with all 18 virulence genes and non-susceptible strains to clinically important antibiotics (CIA) and highly important antibiotics.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This study is the first to investigate the genetic diversity and potential pathogenicity of C. pseudotuberculosis biovar ovis isolates from skin abscesses of KBNG in South Korea, and could provide useful information in controlling its infections.
E‐synthesis for carcinogenicity assessments: A case study of processed meat
Authors: De Pretis Francesco , Jukola Saana , Landes Jürgen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectivesRecent controversies about dietary advice concerning meat demonstrate that aggregating the available evidence to assess a putative causal link between food and cancer is a challenging enterprise.MethodsWe show how a tool developed for assessing putative causal links between drugs and adverse drug reactions, E‐Synthesis, can be applied for food carcinogenicity assessments. The application is demonstrated on the putative causal relationship between processed meat consumption and cancer.ResultsThe output of the assessment is a Bayesian probability that processed meat consumption causes cancer. This Bayesian probability is calculated from a Bayesian network model, which incorporates a representation of Bradford Hill's Guidelines as probabilistic indicators of causality. We show how to determine probabilities of indicators of causality for food carcinogenicity assessments based on assessments of the International Agency for Research on Cancer.ConclusionsWe find that E‐Synthesis is a tool well‐suited for food carcinogenicity assessments, as it enables a graphical representation of lines and weights of evidence, offers the possibility to make a great number of judgements explicit and transparent, outputs a probability of causality suitable for decision making and is flexible to aggregate different kinds of evidence.