bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the influence of the water balance process on the change of landscape patterns in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: Liu Yuting , Xu Jijun , Yuan Zhe , Sha Zhigui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Based on hydrometeorological data and land-use data (from 1980 to 2015), the effects of water balance on landscape patterns in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were studied using water balance analysis, the landscape index method, and other methods. Eight appropriate landscape indices (NP, COHESION, LPI, AI, SHDI, CONTAG, SPLIT, and LS) were selected to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of landscape patterns. From 1980 to 2015, the precipitation in the study area decreased by 6.97%, and the annual precipitation of farmland was maintained at about 1,050 mm. The evapotranspiration (ET) had little change in general, but it varies greatly under different land-use types. Soil water storage variables showed a downward trend, and soil water storage variables of various land-use types changed dramatically during the study period. The total number of patches increased and the patch shape became more complex. At the level of landscape structure, SHDI and SPLIT increased, while CONTAG and COHESION decreased, and the degree of patch fragmentation and landscape heterogeneity improved. Correlation analysis showed that from a time perspective, LSI, SPLIT, and SHDI were significantly negatively correlated with ET, and CONTAG was significantly positively correlated with ET. There was a significant negative correlation between SPLIT and soil water (SW), and a significant positive correlation between COHESION and SW. These results indicated that with the decrease of ET and soil water storage variables, patches became more dispersed and landscape patterns became more fragmented. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the increase of SW increased landscape diversity and decreased landscape connectivity and contagion. The correlation coefficients between SW and the three groups of landscape pattern indexes (SHDI, CONTAG, and COHESION) were higher than those between ET and the three groups of landscape pattern indexes, which meant that soil water is more correlated with landscape pattern characteristics, and the effect of soil water change on landscape heterogeneity is more obvious. The study of the relationship between hydrological processes and landscape pattern characteristics in this paper enriches and expands the theoretical method system of ecological hydrology and ecological environmental protection in arid/semi-arid regions in our country.
Development of the Socioeconomic Screening, Active Engagement, Follow-up, Education, Discharge Readiness, and Consistency (SAFEDC) Model for Improving Transitions of Care: Participatory Design
Authors: Shin Ji Youn , Okammor Nkiru , Hendee Karly , Pawlikowski Amber , Jenq Grace , Bozaan David 
Published: February 2022

Background
Transition to home after hospitalization involves the potential risk of adverse patient events, such as knowledge deficits related to self-care, medication errors, and readmissions. Despite broad organizational efforts to provide better care transitions for patients, there are challenges in implementing interventions that effectively improve care transition outcomes, as evidenced by readmission rates. Collaborative efforts that require health care professionals, patients, and caregivers to work together are necessary to identify gaps associated with transitions of care and generate effective transitional care interventions.

Objective
This study aims to understand the usefulness of participatory design approaches in identifying the design implications of transition of care interventions in health care settings. Through a series of participatory design workshops, we have brought stakeholders of the health care system together. With a shared understanding of care transition and patient experience, we have provided participants with opportunities to generate possible design implications for care transitions.

Methods
We selected field observations in clinical settings and participatory design workshops to develop transitional care interventions that serve each hospital’s unique situation and context. Patient journey maps were created and functioned as tools for creating a shared understanding of the discharge process across different stakeholders in the health care environment. The intervention sustainability was also assessed. By applying thematic analysis methods, we analyzed the problem statements and proposed interventions collected from participatory design workshops. The findings showed patterns of major discussion during the workshop.

Results
On the basis of the workshop results, we formalized the transition of care model—the socioeconomic, active engagement, follow-up, education, discharge readiness tool, and consistency (Integrated Michigan Patient-centered Alliance in Care Transitions transition of care model)—which other organizations can apply to improve patient experiences in care transition. This model highlights the most significant themes that should necessarily be considered to improve the transition of care.

Conclusions
Our study presents the benefits of the participatory design approach in defining the challenges associated with transitions of care related to patient discharge and generating sustainable interventions to improve care transitions.
Predicting Falls in Long-term Care Facilities: Machine Learning Study
Authors: Thapa Rahul , Garikipati Anurag , Shokouhi Sepideh , Hurtado Myrna , Barnes Gina , Hoffman Jana , Calvert Jacob , Katzmann Lynne , Mao Qingqing , Das Ritankar 
Published: February 2022

Background
Short-term fall prediction models that use electronic health records (EHRs) may enable the implementation of dynamic care practices that specifically address changes in individualized fall risk within senior care facilities.

Objective
The aim of this study is to implement machine learning (ML) algorithms that use EHR data to predict a 3-month fall risk in residents from a variety of senior care facilities providing different levels of care.

Methods
This retrospective study obtained EHR data (2007-2021) from Juniper Communities’ proprietary database of 2785 individuals primarily residing in skilled nursing facilities, independent living facilities, and assisted living facilities across the United States. We assessed the performance of 3 ML-based fall prediction models and the Juniper Communities’ fall risk assessment. Additional analyses were conducted to examine how changes in the input features, training data sets, and prediction windows affected the performance of these models.

Results
The Extreme Gradient Boosting model exhibited the highest performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.846 (95% CI 0.794-0.894), specificity of 0.848, diagnostic odds ratio of 13.40, and sensitivity of 0.706, while achieving the best trade-off in balancing true positive and negative rates. The number of active medications was the most significant feature associated with fall risk, followed by a resident’s number of active diseases and several variables associated with vital signs, including diastolic blood pressure and changes in weight and respiratory rates. The combination of vital signs with traditional risk factors as input features achieved higher prediction accuracy than using either group of features alone.

Conclusions
This study shows that the Extreme Gradient Boosting technique can use a large number of features from EHR data to make short-term fall predictions with a better performance than that of conventional fall risk assessments and other ML models. The integration of routinely collected EHR data, particularly vital signs, into fall prediction models may generate more accurate fall risk surveillance than models without vital signs. Our data support the use of ML models for dynamic, cost-effective, and automated fall predictions in different types of senior care facilities.
Preliminary Exploration of Main Elements for Systematic Classification Development: Case Study of Patient Safety Incidents
Authors: Vuokko Riikka , Vakkuri Anne , Palojoki Sari 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundCurrently, there is no holistic theoretical approach available for guiding classification development. On the basis of our recent classification development research in the area of patient safety in health information technology, this focus area would benefit from a more systematic approach. Although some valuable theoretical and methodological approaches have been presented, classification development literature typically is limited to methodological development in a specific domain or is practically oriented.ObjectiveThe main purposes of this study are to fill the methodological gap in classification development research by exploring possible elements of systematic development based on previous literature and to promote sustainable and well-grounded classification outcomes by identifying a set of recommended elements. Specifically, the aim is to answer the following question: what are the main elements for systematic classification development based on research evidence and our use case?MethodsThis study applied a qualitative research approach. On the basis of previous literature, preliminary elements for classification development were specified, as follows: defining a concept model, documenting the development process, incorporating multidisciplinary expertise, validating results, and maintaining the classification. The elements were compiled as guiding principles for the research process and tested in the case of patient safety incidents (n=501).ResultsThe results illustrate classification development based on the chosen elements, with 4 examples of technology-induced errors. Examples from the use case regard usability, system downtime, clinical workflow, and medication section problems. The study results confirm and thus suggest that a more comprehensive and theory-based systematic approach promotes well-grounded classification work by enhancing transparency and possibilities for assessing the development process.ConclusionsWe recommend further testing the preliminary main elements presented in this study. The research presented herein could serve as a basis for future work. Our recently developed classification and the use case presented here serve as examples. Data retrieved from, for example, other type of electronic health records and use contexts could refine and validate the suggested methodological approach.
Noncommunicable Diseases Household Survey Data Analysis, Sana’a City, Yemen, 2017
Authors: Alkholidy Ghamdan Gamal , Anam Labiba Saeed , Al Serouri Abdulwahed , Li Chaoyang 
Published: February 2022

Background
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) kill 41 million people each year, accounting for 71% of all deaths globally. The burden of NCDs is rising faster in developing countries of the Middle East than in other regions. The morbidity and mortality of NCDs are still not well-studied in Yemen.

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of NCDs in Sana’a City, Yemen, for 2017.

Methods
Raw data of a house-to-house survey that was conducted by the Ministry of Public Health and Population in 2017 were analyzed. Data were collected from household heads who were asked if any household member had one of the following five NCDs: hypertension (HTN), diabetes (DM), bronchial asthma (BA), mental disorders (MD), and epilepsy. Data were entered and analyzed using Epi info 7.2. For calculations of prevalence, 2017 projections from the 2004 census were used.

Results
A total of 241,310 households were surveyed (1,592,646 household members), 59,061 (24.48%) of which included 70,178 members who had at least one NCD. The overall prevalence of NCDs was 4.4%. The disease-specific prevalence was as follows: HTN, 2.3%; DM, 2.2%; BA, 0.4%; MD, 0.27; and epilepsy, 0.19%. The overall NCD prevalence was significantly higher among females than males (5.1% vs 3.8%; odds ratio [OR] 1.35, 95% CI 1.33-1.35), which was also the case for the prevalence of HTN (3.1% vs 1.6%; OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.90-1.98), DM (2.3% vs 2.1%; OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.09-1.13), and BA (0.5% vs 0.3%; OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.49-1.65). In contrast, the prevalence of MD was significantly higher among males than females (0.35% vs 0.16%; OR 2.2, 95% CI 2.06-2.31). The prevalence of NCDs progressively increased with age. Nearly 18% of patients had more than one NCD; 35.2% of the patients with HTN also had DM.

Conclusions
One-quarter of the surveyed households had at least one member with one or more of the five NCDs and the overall prevalence of NCDs was 4.4%. These data reflect only the tip of the iceberg as the findings are based on self-reported diagnosed cases rather than standardized measures. More attention to NCDs, strengthened health care provision, the ability to obtain high-reliability data, an NCDs stepwise survey, and establishing an NCDs surveillance system are recommended.
Assessment of Proximal Tubular Function by Tubular Maximum Phosphate Reabsorption Capacity in Heart Failure
Authors: Emmens Johanna E. , de Borst Martin H. , Boorsma Eva M. , Damman Kevin , Navis Gerjan , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Dickstein Kenneth , Anker Stefan D. , Lang Chim C. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Metra Marco , Samani Nilesh J. , Ponikowski Piotr , Ng Leong L. , Voors Adriaan A. , ter Maaten Jozine M. 
Published: February 2022

Background and objectives
The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a crucial parameter in heart failure. Much less is known about the importance of tubular function. We addressed the effect of tubular maximum phosphate reabsorption capacity (TmP/GFR), a parameter of proximal tubular function, in patients with heart failure.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We established TmP/GFR (Bijvoet formula) in 2085 patients with heart failure and studied its association with deterioration of kidney function (>25% eGFR decrease from baseline) and plasma neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) doubling (baseline to 9 months) using logistic regression analysis and clinical outcomes using Cox proportional hazards regression. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibition by empagliflozin on tubular maximum phosphate reabsorption capacity in 78 patients with acute heart failure using analysis of covariance.

Results
Low TmP/GFR (<0.80 mmol/L) was observed in 1392 (67%) and 21 (27%) patients. Patients with lower TmP/GFR had more advanced heart failure, lower eGFR, and higher levels of tubular damage markers. The main determinant of lower TmP/GFR was higher fractional excretion of urea (P<0.001). Lower TmP/GFR was independently associated with higher risk of plasma NGAL doubling (odds ratio, 2.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 4.66; P=0.04) but not with deterioration of kidney function. Lower TmP/GFR was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 2.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.37 to 5.73; P=0.005), heart failure hospitalization (hazard ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 4.88; P=0.03), and their combination (hazard ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 3.36; P=0.03) after multivariable adjustment. Empagliflozin significantly increased TmP/GFR compared with placebo after 1 day (P=0.004) but not after adjustment for eGFR change.

Conclusions
TmP/GFR, a measure of proximal tubular function, is frequently reduced in heart failure, especially in patients with more advanced heart failure. Lower TmP/GFR is furthermore associated with future risk of plasma NGAL doubling and worse clinical outcomes, independent of glomerular function.
Patient and Caregiver Experiences and Attitudes about Their Involvement in Research in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Gutman Talia , Kelly Ayano , Scholes-Robertson Nicole , Craig Jonathan C. , Jesudason Shilpanjali , Tong Allison 
Published: February 2022

Background and objectives
Although patient and caregiver involvement in research is widely advocated to improve the relevance and uptake of study findings, barriers and uncertainties in achieving this goal remain. This study aimed to describe patient and caregiver experiences and perspectives of their previous involvement in research, to inform strategies to strengthen patient involvement in research.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Semistructured interviews were conducted with 23 adult patients with CKD and caregivers who had previously been involved in research, from Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Denmark. Transcripts were analyzed thematically.

Results
We identified six themes: grappling with CKD diagnosis (overwhelmed by the burden of illness, silenced by stigma and shame, absence of advocacy, and awareness), bearing the responsibility for involvement (autonomy in their own care, forced to be proactive to access opportunities, infrastructural support to connect researchers and patients), battling big agendas (struggling in a system of disincentive, changing research culture, becoming equals), seeing the person behind the patient (harnessing broader knowledge, expertise, skills and interests, understanding patient needs, motivations for involvement), sensitivity to complexities of payment (accounting for individual circumstances, denoting value, enabling diverse involvement), and championing the patient voice (links to important stakeholders, drivers of innovation, responsibility to end users).

Conclusions
The burden of CKD, limited opportunities, and power asymmetry between patients/caregivers and researchers were challenges to meaningful involvement in research. Building trust, awareness of opportunities, and recognizing the broad expertise and value of patients/caregivers, including and beyond their illness experience, may better support patient and caregiver involvement in research in CKD.
INTERPRETACIÓN DEL WISC-IV. PUNTUACIONES COMPUESTAS Y MODELOS CHC
Authors: Brenlla María Elena 
Published: February 2022

Los objetivos de este artículo fueron valorar si la adaptación argentina de la Escala de Inteligencia de Wechsler para Niños, cuarta edición WISC-IV (Taborda, Brenlla y Barbenza, 2011), evalúa los mismos constructos en distintos grupos de edad, analizar si la estructura de puntuaciones compuestas de cuatro dominios específicos y un factor general postulada por los autores del WISC-IV se replica en nuestro medio y evaluar dos modelos alternativos basados en la teoría de Cattel-Horn-Carroll (CHC). Se llevaron a cabo estudios de Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio de las puntuaciones obtenidas (n = 1437). Los resultados indican que el WISC-IV evalúa los mismos constructos en distintas edades, que tanto la estructura de puntuaciones compuestas propuesta en el WISC-IV como uno de los modelos CHC son significativos para interpretar las puntuaciones del test y que la varianza explicada es similar en ambos modelos. El WISC-IV evalúa habilidad cristalizada, procesamiento visual, razonamiento fluido, memoria de corto plazo y operativa y procesamiento visual. En particular, se ha notado que el razonamiento fluido y el procesamiento visual pueden evaluarse por separado o combinados como razonamiento perceptivo.
Fotografía de Leo Barizzoni
Authors: Barizzoni Leo 
Published: February 2022

Mi padre, Raúl Barizzoni, trabajó durante cincuenta años ininterrumpidos como periodista deportivo. Fue relator, fue comentarista: su vida era el fútbol. Es decir que desde que nací tuve una pelota en los pies, y en la cabeza. Lo acompañaba religiosamente todos los fines de semana al estadio; miraba el partido sentado debajo de la cabina de radio desde donde él comentaba y luego, al momento del pitazo final, me armaba mi propio partido.
“Los medios uruguayos siguen muy atados a la agenda política”. Entrevista a Darío Klein
Authors: Novarese Carina 
Published: February 2022

Darío Klein es jefe de Informativos de Televisión Nacional Uruguay, además de corresponsal de CNN en español en Uruguay, director de la productora multimedia DeAKá y profesor de periodismo en la Universidad Católica del Uruguay. En esta entrevista para dixit presenta su perspectiva sobre el periodismo en Uruguay, el rol de los informativos y el impacto de la tarea de los periodistas en una sociedad. Palabras clave: periodismo, producción periodística, periodismo televisivo, género informativo, información, democracia.Darío Klein is chief of TNU news programs, as well as correspondent for CNN in Spanish in Uruguay, director of DeAka multimedia productions and journalism professor at the Universidad Católica del Uruguay. In this interview he presents his perspective on journalism in Uruguay as well as the role of news programs and the impact that the work of journalists has in society. Key words: journalism, journalistic production, tv journalism, informative genre, information, democracy.
¿Piratear es robar?
Authors: Gosseries Axel 
Published: February 2022

En este artículo de opinión, el filósofo belga agrega una perspectiva polémica para pensar la propiedad intelectual hoy. Palabras clave: piratería en Internet, propiedad intelectual, consumidores, productores.In this opinion article, the Belgian philosopher adds a polemical perspective to think of the intelectual property today.Key words: Internet piracy, intellectual property, consumers, producers.Traducción de Pablo Da Silveira.
Analizar las organizaciones es mirar cómo funciona la vida. Entrevista a Mariluz Restrepo
Authors: Arzuaga Mónica 
Published: February 2022

Metáforas, abstracciones y densos conceptos teóricos se mezclan con experiencias, casos concretos y asuntos que todos podemos reconocer. Dueña de una capacidad divulgadora exquisita, la colombiana Mariluz Restrepo –referente en teoría de la comunicación organizacional en América Latina– ha sabido combinar su pasión por la filosofía con el análisis de la vida de la organización y sus modos de trabajo. En esta entrevista conversa con Mónica Arzuaga sobre su profesión, el arte de hacer teoría con un pie en la filosofía y otro en la comunicación, y nos prepara para su próxima visita a la Universidad Católica del Uruguay, prevista para noviembre.Metaphors, abstractions and dense theoretical concepts are mixed with experiences, case studies and issues that we can all recognize. With an exquisite communicative ability, the Colombian Mariluz Restrepo –well known in the organizational communication field in Latin America– has very interestingly combined her passion for philosophy with the analysis of organizational life and its working modes. In this interview with Monica Arzuaga, she talks about her profession, the art of making theory with one foot in philosophy and the other one in communication, and prepares us for her next visit to the Catholic University of Uruguay, scheduled in November.
Texto de Inés Bortagaray. <i>El muchacho de los mocasines</i>
Authors: Bortagaray Inés 
Published: February 2022

Caminamos bajo los árboles en un día helado de junio. Avanzamos en silencio y oímos el silbido del pasto humedecido por una garúa intermitente que cayó en la tarde. Miro sus mocasines negros, tan poco adecuados para andar en el monte. Unos zapatos conmovedoramente formales que él se ha puesto ignorando la espesura de estos sauces llorones, mataojos y arueras reverdecidos por la lluviecita cuando el invierno es aún temprano.