bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extragalactic Radio Quasars: Consequences of the Luminosity/ Redshift Relationship
Authors: Chukwuemerie Ezeugo Jeremiah 
Published: April 2022

We have used both analytical and statistical methods to show some plausible consequences of the luminosity/redshift relationships for compact steep spectrum (CSS) quasars and the more extended extragalactic radio (EGR) quasars. From the analytical methods (or theory), we find that luminosity shows an inverse dependence on the redshift; while from the statistical (empirical) the converse is the case for both CSS quasars and their extended counterparts. We know that luminosity selection effects may play some role in the empirical results. However, we find that the magnitudes of departure of the two empirical results from the theoretical result are staggering – the difference for the extended EGR quasars far outweighs that of the CSS quasars. We may state categorically that this discrepancy may simply be a sign of a factor in the intergalactic medium (IGM) that appears to cause the anomaly in the extended EGR quasars. This is because sources with similar powers are expected to produce similar luminosities; and besides, central engines of the more extended EGR quasars have roughly similar powers with the CSS central engines. However, our results show great difference between their radiated powers (luminosities). A likely explanation of this is that the irregularity may be a signature of dark/vacuum energy. It simply indicates that among other factors, dark energy may constitute a factor which influences luminosities of the more extended EGR quasars. The components (jets and lobes) of the more extended EGR quasars lie in the intergalactic medium (IGM). This medium is more of a vacuum than the interstellar medium (ISM) in which the components of the CSS sources are located. Therefore, dark energy is expected to show more effect in the IGM than in the ISM. Besides, we estimate percentage influence caused by luminosity selection effect and that caused by the presumed dark/vacuum energy. The estimates are respectively, and . These results show that intrinsically, dark/vacuum energy influences extended EGR quasars’ luminosities by about times more than the observational bias caused by luminosity selection effects.
Screening of Yeasts Other than Saccharomyces for Amino acid Decarboxylation
Authors: Nnodim L. C. , Odu N. N. , Ogbonna D. N. , Kiin-Kabari D. B. 
Published: April 2022

This study is aimed at screening non-Saccharomyces for amino acids decarboxylation potentials. The yeasts were isolated from banana fruit and honey purchased from markets in Rivers State. The isolation and molecular identification of yeast isolates were according to standard microbiological procedures. A plate assay method for amino acid decarboxylation (biogenic amine production) screening was used. Wild Non-Saccharomyces yeast (NSY) were identified as Candida tropicalis Pe 1 (B7), Candida tropicalis WC65-1 (B10), Candida tropicalis WC57 (H4), Clavispora lusitaniae WM03 (H7), and a Commercial Wine yeast (CY) identified as Candida tropicalis zhuan4 (CY). The NSYs and CY were biogenic amine producers, from L-histidine and glutamic acid; strain variability from glycine, proline, glutamine, and asparagine decarboxylation; while L-arginine, lysine, tyrosine, cysteine, leucine, and phenylalanine were not decarboxylated at a concentration of 0.1 %. The increase in amino acid concentration influenced the number of amino acids decarboxylated - phenylalanine and leucine; L-histidine, glycine, asparagine and glutamic acid were decarboxylated by wild NSY and CY, while the strain variability of phenylalanine, proline, leucine and glutamic acid decarboxylation. The amino acids L-arginine, lysine, tyrosine, and cysteine were not decarboxylated. In terms of the concentration of amino acids, L-histidine and glutamic acid were decarboxylated and arginine, lysine, tyrosine, and cysteine were not decarboxylated by wild NSY isolates and CY. The Chi-square Test and Kendall’s Test of concordance suggest that there is no association between the amino acid concentrations (0.1 and 1 %) and biogenic amine production (P-value > 0.05). The wild NSY and CY are biogenic amine-producers, and the increase in amino acid concentration influences biogenic amine production concerning some amino acids.
Histological Assessment and Haematological Parameters of Honey on Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Albino Rats
Authors: Alaebo Prince O. , Njoku George C. , Oriaku Chinwe E. , Iloanusi David U. , Ezeh Chiamaka J. , Ugboaja Thankgod C. , James Udeme A. , Ekwunoh Peter O. , Anyadike Norah N. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The study investigated honey's histological assessment and haematological parameters on alloxan-induced diabetic male albino rats.
Methods: Thirty-six (36) male Wistar rats were assigned into six (6) groups with six (6) animals each, group 1 (Normal control), group 2 (Negative control), group 3 (Glibenclamide), group 4 (treated with 0.2ml of honey) group 5, (treated with 0.5ml of honey and group 6 (treated with 0.8ml of honey). The rats were fed with standard feed and drinking water ad libitum. The diabetic control, diabetic glibenclamide and the treated groups (0.2 mL/kg, 0.5 mL/kg and 0.8 mL/kg) were induced with diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg bodyweight alloxan monohydrate, and confirmation was done using a glucometer. Treatment lasted for three weeks, and blood samples for haematology [red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)] analyses were collected on day 21. On the 21st day, two rats per group were humanely sacrificed, and the vital organs (kidney and liver) were collected for histopathology.
Results: Haematologic results obtained showed marked reduction (p < 0.05) in RBC count, PCV, Hb and MCHC, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in MCV compared to the positive control. White blood cell counts showed a reduced level in the test group at a dose-dependent concentration compared to the positive control. Histopathological investigations of diabetic rats' liver and kidney indicated degradation of normal tissue architecture as well as a variety of other problems; however, after treatment with honey, reparative alterations were seen.
Conclusions: Overall, the findings suggest that honey could ameliorate metabolic disorders caused by diabetes as no pathological changes were elicited in the organs of rats exposed to honey.
Assessment of Genetic Stability of Medium Slender Rice Genotypes for Yield Traits using AMMI Model and GGE biplot Methodology over Different Locations of Karnataka
Authors: Reddy Vishal , Mahantashivayogayya K. , Diwan J. R. , Tembhurne B. V. , Pramesh D. 
Published: April 2022

Medium slender grain varieties of rice are one of the most preferred among the south Indian rice consumers and has a high demand in both national as well as international markets. In the study, 18 medium slender rice genotypes were examined along with four individual checks in Karnataka across four different locations to assess genetic stability using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model and GGE bi-plot methodology. The genotype environment interaction (G×E interaction) were partitioned into two principal components and were found highly significant. Together, IPCA1 and IPCA2 explained more than 75 percent of G×E interactions for yield trait, with IPCA I explaining maximum G×E interaction. Gangavati and Malnoor were found to be favorable environments. AMMI analysis indicated that the BPT mutant 1801, BPT mutant 1804 and BPT mutant 1811 were found to be most stable genotypes for grain yield across locations over check GGV-05-01. Among rice genotypes, the best elite genotype, BPT mutant 1801 recorded highest grain yield and was also the most stable in grain yield across four locations.
Assessment of Spatial and Temporal Drought Severity: A Study in Transition Zone of Karnataka State in India
Authors: Ujwala Rani Seedari , Kumar Pramod , P. Singh Naveen , Raj Singh Dharam , Srivastava S. K. , Kumar Paul Ranjit , Padaria R. N. , Tadigiri Sirisha 
Published: April 2022

Rainfall data from 1979-2019 was analysed across the agro climatic zones in transition region of Karnataka. Rainfall Anomaly Index and Mean deviation methods are used to identify drought years and wet years over both spatial and temporal on time scale. The North Eastern Transition Zone can be considered as most vulnerable zone as it recorded for about 24 dry years values which indicates existence of persistence drought in this zone. The Northern Transition Zone is not vulnerable when compared to Northern Eastern Transition Zone as most of the drought year values are nearer to wet year values (RAI -0.3 to -1.2) which implies that this zone has moderate drought condition. The Southern transition zone has normal drought condition (RAI +0.3 to -0.3) which implies neither wet nor neither dry condition. But if proper conservations were not taken, this zone may come in the hit list of most vulnerable zone in near future which will harm the farming community.
Marital Status and Level of Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Serapinas Danielius , Narbekovas Andrius 
Published: April 2022

Backround: Romantic relationships were described as the unique partnership where intimacy and mutual feelings of love and affection are manifested. However they may be linked with some level of anxiety and depression - two separate conditions, that strongly linked to one another with almost indistinguishable elements. The aim of the study to analyse the link between romantic relationships and depression & anxiety.
Methods: A total of 120 participants currently engaged in a dating romantic relationship (80) and marriage (40), specifically targeting young adults aged between 18-35 (M = 24.79 years) have filled questionaires.Main instruments that were used in this paper were: Rubin's Love Scale, PHQ-9) and Zung’s anxiety scale.
Results: Results supported findings from previous research that are conducted in this field. While depression and anxiety levels are positively linked, participants who answered the questionnaire showed that when the love in the romantic relationship is high, anxiety and depression symptoms seemed to be decreased. Married individuals are more likely to have a high score of love and less score on depression & anxiety compared to individuals who are engaged in a dating relationship.
Conclusions: Romantic or - better described- companionate love component of the relationships are linked with fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression. Married individuals had a higher score of romantic love, and fewer symptoms of depression anxiety, compared with the ones who were in a committed relationship.
Development of IOT Based Digital Display Board for Students’ Lectures Update
Authors: A. Iwayemi , M. S. Olokun , A. O. Alalade 
Published: April 2022

Technology is generally improving the advertisement sector and the use of electronic medium in communication system is on geometric rise due to its flexibility, attractiveness, speed and efficiency. Various methods of information dissemination have been adopted from the use of posters, traditional billboards to electronic billboards. This work presents the development of an IOT (Internet of Things) based display board for Engineering Students in Federal Polytechnic Ile Oluji, Ondo State, Nigeria for lecture update using wireless communication channel (wi-fi); this provides ease and comfort of updating the content from remote location in the wireless network range. The command is sent to the digital display board through the Mobile Application interfaced with the wireless module to give regular update and seamless communication with students.
The digital board basically contains a digital display module, a 5volts DC power pack, a wi-fi card, Microcontroller and Light Emitting Diodes. The administrator sends out message through the mobile led art light application to keep students updated on their lecture information. The text is received through the wireless module connected to the application and transferred to the microcontroller which decodes the message for users. The decoded message will automatically switch ON and OFF appropriate LEDs in order to display respective message sent which scrolls on the display. The display board can accept texts in different modes and styles as provided in the mobile application. The display board is useful in academic environment to regularly update students on lectures and other relevant information.
Rotated Pillars for Functional Integrated On‐Chip Terahertz Spoof Surface‐Plasmon‐Polariton Devices
Authors: Zhang Ying , Lu Yongchang , Yuan Mingrui , Xu Yuehong , Xu Quan , Yang Quanlong , Liu Yingkai , Gu Jianqiang , Li Yanfeng , Tian Zhen , Ouyang Chunmei , Zhang Weili , Han Jiaguang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSpoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) with strong subwavelength field confinement and enhancement offer a promising way for realizing integrated on‐chip terahertz (THz) devices. How to find a simple way to control the dispersion of spoof SPPs and then achieve functional on‐chip devices is thus highly desired. Here, the authors theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that such a method can provide sufficient design degrees of freedom to enable versatile THz spoof SPP metadevices. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a series of on‐chip meta‐devices including the switch, the wavelength demultiplexer, and the splitters are presented. The proposed strategy paves a simple way toward the integrated on‐chip THz devices with various functionalities.
Smart Tetraphenylethene‐Based Luminescent Metal–Organic Frameworks with Amide‐Assisted Thermofluorochromics and Piezofluorochromics
Authors: Zhu Zhong‐Hong , Bi Changjiang , Zou Hua‐Hong , Feng Guangxue , Xu Shuping , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLuminescent metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are appealing for the design of smart responsive materials, whereas aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) fluorophores with twisted molecular rotor structure provide exciting opportunities to construct MOFs with new topology and responsiveness. Herein, it is reported that elongating AIE rotor ligands can render the newly formed AIE MOF (ZnETTB) (ETTB = 4',4''',4''''',4'''''''‐(ethene‐1,1,2,2‐tetrayl)tetrakis(([1,1'‐biphenyl]‐3,5‐dicarboxylic acid))) with more elasticity, more control for intramolecular motion, and specific amide‐sensing capability. ZnETTB shows specific host–guest interaction with amide, where N,N‐diethylformamide (DEF), as an example, is anchored through CH···O and CH···π bonds with Zn cluster and ETTB8− ligand, respectively. DEF anchoring reduces both the distortion level and the intramolecular motions of ETTB8− ligand to lead a blueshifted and intensified emission for DEF ∈ ZnETTB. Moreover, amide anchoring also affords the DEF ∈ ZnETTB with the excellent thermofluorochromic behavior, and further increases the piezofluorochromic sensitivity at low‐pressure ranges on the basis of its elastic framework. This work is one of the rare examples of amide‐responsive smart materials, which shall shed new lights on design of smart MOFs with twisted AIE rotors for further sensing and detection applications.
Chirality of Perylene Diimides: Design Strategies and Applications
Authors: Li Jie , Li Pengyu , Fan Mingyu , Zheng Xian , Guan Jun , Yin Meizhen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChirality is a particularly important concept in nature and exists at all length scales, ranging from the molecular level to the supramolecular level. Over the last two decades, various design strategies have been developed to construct chiral materials based on perylene diimides (PDIs) and to mimic the chiral assembly process in biological systems, but applications of these chiral aggregates are still at an early stage. This Minireview summarizes recent progress in the synthesis and properties of chiral PDIs. The chirality in PDI‐based materials can be generated by three different approaches: from the twisted planes of PDIs, the chiral substituents of PDIs, and the co‐assembly of achiral PDIs and chiral guests. A comprehensive understanding of the applications of chiral PDIs as well as potential future developments is also provided.
Phosphine‐Catalyzed Enantioselective (3+2) Annulation of Vinylcyclopropanes with Imines for the Synthesis of Chiral Pyrrolidines
Authors: Zhang Fuhao , Dai Xuan , Dai Lei , Zheng Wenrui , Chan Wai‐Lun , Tang Xiaodong , Zhang Xumu , Lu Yixin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA phosphine‐catalyzed highly enantioselective and diastereoselective (up to 98 % ee and >20 : 1 dr) (3+2) annulation between vinylcyclopropanes and N‐tosylaldimines has been developed, which allows facile access to a range of highly functionalized chiral pyrrolidines. Notably, this method makes use of vinylcyclopropanes as a synthon for phosphine‐mediated asymmetric annulation reaction, which will offer new opportunities for potential applications of cyclopropanes substrates in phosphine‐catalyzed organic transformations.
Modulus and adhesion of Sylgard 184, Solaris, and Ecoflex 00‐30 silicone elastomers with varied mixing ratios
Authors: Darby Daniel R. , Cai Zhuoyun , Mason Christopher R. , Pham Jonathan T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTwo‐part, commercial silicone elastomers are used in a variety of fundamental soft materials research and industrial applications due to their wide availability, ease of use, low cost, and mechanical tunability. This work seeks to create a library of moduli for three common elastomer systems with varied mixing ratios: Sylgard 184, Solaris, and Ecoflex 00–30, as well as provide a comparison of their adhesive properties. Shear storage moduli are quantified using parallel plate oscillatory shear rheology. The work of debonding is measured with spherical probe adhesion testing, and the static, advancing, and receding contact angles are measured via goniometer. Sylgard 184 can have shear moduli ranging from ~0.5 kPa‐620 kPa, Solaris from ~0.6 kPa‐175 kPa, and EF from ~1.3 kPa‐35 kPa measured at a frequency of 0.01 rad/s. In general, increasing mixing ratios creates softer samples. Additionally, softer samples are universally more adhesive, regardless of the material system. When comparing the different material systems, Sylgard 184 is generally the most adhesive, followed closely by Solaris, and then by Ecoflex 00–30. Our study offers a baseline dataset of modulus values and comparative adhesion to help researchers determine an appropriate commercial silicone for their application.
Optic nerve‐associated connective tissue structures revisited: A histological study using human fetuses and adult cadavers
Authors: Cho Kwang Ho , Takahashi Akihiro , Yamamoto Masahito , Hirouchi Hidetomo , Taniguchi Shuichiro , Ogawa Yudai , Murakami Gen , Abe Shin‐Ichi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnlike the usual peripheral nerve, the optic nerve accompanies a thick “dural sheath,” a thin “sheath of pia mater” (SPM), and multiple “septa,” which divides the nerve fibers into fascicles. We collected specimens from 25 adult cadavers and 15 fetuses and revisited the histological architecture of the optic and oculomotor nerves. In the optic chiasma, the meningeal layer of the dura joins the pia to form a thick SPM, and the periosteum of the sphenoid is continuous with the dural sheath at the orbital exit of the bony optic canal. The septa appeared as a cluster of irregularly arrayed fibrous plates in the intracranial course near the chiasma. Thus, the septa were not derived from either the SPM or the dural sheath. In the orbit, the central artery of the retina accompanies collagenous fibers from the dural sheath and the SPM to provide the vascular sheath in the optic nerve. These connective tissue configurations were the same between adult and fetal specimens. At the optic disk, the dural sheath and SPM merged with the sclera, whereas the septa appeared to end at the lamina cribrosa. However, in fetuses without lamina cribrosa, the septa extend into the nerve fiber layer of the retina. The SPM and septa showed strong elastin immunoreactivity, in contrast to the absence of reactivity in the sheaths of the oculomotor nerve. Each S100 protein‐positive Schwann sheath of the oculomotor nerve was surrounded by collagenous endoneurium. Glial fibrillary acidic protein‐positive astrocytes showed a linear arrangement along the septa.
Identification of optimal reference genes in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera) for normalization of stress‐responsive genes after challenge with pesticides
Authors: Zhao Zi‐qin , Zheng Kai‐yi , Ou Qi , Xu Ping‐zhen , Qin Sheng , Sun Xia , Li Mu‐wang , Wu Yang‐chun , Wang Xue‐yang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPesticides are frequently used to control pests in agriculture due to their ease of use and effectiveness, but their use causes serious economic losses to sericulture when their production overlaps with agriculture. However, no suitable internal reference genes (RGs) have been reported in the study of silkworms in response to pesticides. In this study, a standard curve was established to detect the expression levels of seven RGs in different tissues of different silkworm strains after feeding with pesticides using reverse transcription quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), including BmGAPDH, BmActin3, BmTBP, BmRPL3, Bm28sRNA, Bmα‐tubulin, and BmUBC, and the stability of them was evaluated by using NormFinder, geNorm, Delta CT, BestKeeper, and RefFinder. The results showed that BmGAPDH and Bmα‐tubulin were relatively stable in the midgut after feeding with fenvalerate, BmGAPDH and Bmactin3 were relatively stable in the fat body, and Bmα‐tubulin and Bmactin3 were relatively stable in the hemolymph, indicating that Bmactin3 was the most suitable RG when evaluating fenvalerate, followed by BmGAPDH and Bmα‐tubulin. Besides, BmGAPDH and Bmactin3 were relatively stable in the midgut after treatment with DDVP, BmGAPDH and Bmα‐tubulin were relatively stable in the fat body, and BmGAPDH and Bmα‐tubulin were relatively stable in the hemolymph, indicating that Bmα‐tubulin was the most stable RG when evaluating DDVP, followed by BmGAPDH and Bmactin3. Of note, BmGAPDH was shared by the two pesticides. The results will be valuable for RG selection in studying the pesticide response mechanism of silkworms and other lepidopteran insects.
Isatin thiazoles as antidiabetic: Synthesis, in vitro enzyme inhibitory activities, kinetics, and in silico studies
Authors: Solangi Mehwish , Kanwal  , Khan Khalid M. , Chigurupati Sridevi , Saleem Faiza , Qureshi Urooj , Ul‐Haq Zaheer , Jabeen Almas , Felemban Shatha G. , Zafar Fatima , Perveen Shahnaz , Taha Muhammad , Bhatia Saurabh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases nowadays. Several marketed drugs are available for the cure and treatment of diabetes, but there is still a dire need of introducing compatible drug molecules with lesser side effects. The current study is based on the synthesis of isatin thiazole derivatives 4–30 via the Hantzsch reaction. The synthetic compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for their α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibition potential. Of 27 isatin thiazoles, five (4, 5, 10, 12, and 16) displayed good activities against the α‐amylase enzyme with IC50 values in the range of 22.22 ± 0.02–27.01 ± 0.06 µM, and for α‐glucosidase, the IC50 values of these compounds were in the range of 20.76 ± 0.17–27.76 ± 0.17 µM, respectively. The binding interactions of the active molecules within the active site of enzymes were studied with the help of molecular docking studies. In addition, kinetic studies were carried out to examine the mechanism of action of the synthetic molecules as well. Compounds 3a, 4, 5, 10, 12, and 16 were also examined for their cytotoxic effect and were found to be noncytotoxic. Thus, several molecules were identified as good antihyperglycemic agents, which can be further modified to enhance inhibition ability and to find the lead molecule that can act as a potential antidiabetic agent.