bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic effect of lymphadenectomy extent on ovarian cancer：A population-based analysis
Authors: Wang Liuying , Ji Jianxin , Li Shuang , Zhang Liuchao , Song Yongzhen , Zhang Xuan , Wang Hesong , Li Kang , Cao Lei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Lymph node metastasis has a significant contribution to the prognosis of ovarian cancer but the role of lymphadenectomy is controversial in many previous studies. In this study, we aimed to retrospectively determine the effect of lymph nodes removed on survival.
Methods
Based on the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results registry (SEER) database, we included ovarian cancer patients with detailed information from 1973 to 2014. We performed a large population-based study to evaluate the role of lymphadenectomy in patients with ovarian cancer. Cox regression was conducted to select the impact factors of prognosis of ovarian cancer underwent lymphadenectomy. Our study analyzed the overall and cause specific survival of 61,169 patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer to determine the impact of the extent of the lymphadenectomy on prognosis and also evaluated the prognostic significance stratified on demographic and clinic pathological characteristics.
Results
The 5- year overall survival (OS) rates were 39.0%, 55.9% and 67.4% for no lymph nodes, 1 ~ 9 nodes, 10 ~ nodes, respectively (p < 0.001). For cause-specific survival (CSS), they were 39.8%, 58.5% and 70%, respectively (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox model was used to investigate the role of lymphadenectomy in ovarian cancer on OS and CSS and the results indicated lymphadenectomy had beneficial effect on OS (1 ~ 9 nodes: HR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.68 ~ 0.71, p < 0.001; 10 ~ nodes:HR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.53 ~ 0.57, p < 0.001) and CSS (1 ~ 9 nodes: HR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.66 ~ 0.70, p < 0.001;10 ~ nodes:HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 0.54, p < 0.001) and with the increase in the number of lymph nodes, the prognostic effect was better. Furthermore, when stratified by age, marital status, race, stage, grade and histology, more resected nodes were associated with a greater OS and CSS in each stratification.
Conclusions
Lymphadenectomy was associated with more favorable outcomes in ovarian cancer patients undergoing surgery.
Using Machine Learning Techniques to Increase Profit by Retaining Customers
Authors: G Gandhi Jabakumar. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
According to the overview, client interest in the financial sector has recently increased and can be found in a variety of classes. It's a well-known fact that the cost of acquiring a new client is significantly higher than the cost of maintaining an existing client The goal is to investigate AI-based agitate forecast calculations that are as precise as possible. The entire dataset will be broken down using the administered AI procedure SMLT to collect various snippets of data such as variable ids, missing values, medicines, and information approval cleaning and representation. Furthermore, using the provided Mastercard dataset and assessment grouping report, analyze and assess the presentation of a few AI calculations. The results suggest that the viability of the proposed AI calculation strategy can measure up to the best exactness in recognizing the disarray network and classifying information from need
Digitalization based on high-resolution scanning and HBIM tools for damage assessment of the José de Alencar house
Authors: RUBENS Tallis , RIBEIRO Gilmário , PAULO Renan , BESSA Maycon , MOREIRA Eugênio , VIEIRA Mylene , MESQUITA Esequiel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Heritage buildings are of great importance to the human perception of the culture of a community. HBIM (Historic Building Information Modelling) tools offer a possibility of an improved data set of information related mainly to the restoration and preservation of historical buildings. This work aims to assess the damage to the historic house by employing integrated HBIM tolls and experimental procedures. The historic house was assessed by visual inspection of the historic house, 3D modeling with REVIT, and 3D modeling based on point cloud data. The comparison between the two 3D modeling techniques showed a level of damage consisting of a difference between the levels of the roofs. In addition, the visual inspection detected cracks in the walls which agrees with the damage observed from the 3D models comparison. Results indicate that HBIM tools significantly contribute to damage assessment in heritage constructions.
Evaluating the use of UV photoluminescence for surveying the immature stages of rare butterflies: a case study using the Black Hairstreak (Satyrium pruni)
Authors: Tilley Gareth John , Anderson Max , Stewart Alan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Conservation of rare and elusive butterflies can benefit from the use of contrasting survey techniques to confirm their presence and to understand the lifecycle in more detail. This case study trialled different survey techniques for all stages of the lifecycle (ova, larva, pupa and adult) to assess their value for monitoring Black Hairstreak (Satyrium pruni) populations in Britain. Daytime surveys for well camouflaged ova, larvae and pupae yielded little success. However, the novel use of UV torches in nocturnal surveys for photoluminescent larvae was found to be an effective technique when compared to surveying adult butterflies. Critically, combined surveying for larvae and adults provides unique insights into the behaviour of the species at different stages in the lifecycle and, when used in combination, gives a more wholistic understanding of the true nature of a colony of Black Hairstreak butterflies. Implications for insect conservation: our results show that the novel use of nocturnal surveys for larvae with UV torches is a valuable technique for surveying for Black Hairstreak butterflies. It therefore has potential to be used in conjunction with other survey techniques for assessing the health of a colony and supporting conservation at different stages of the lifecycle of the butterfly.
Does body shape of toothed whales foretell fast-slow life histories?
Authors: Ferguson Steven H. , Higdon Jeff W. , Schmidt Chloe , Pomerleau Corinne , Mat Cory J.D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA widespread pattern in vertebrate life-history evolution is for species to evolve towards either fast or slow life histories; however, the possible causes of this pattern are multiple. Toothed whales (Odontoceti) are a particularly speciose group that includes a substantial range of body sizes and life histories and thus represent a model group to test the possible cause of this dichotomy. Using ancestral reconstruction, we find that some groups of odontocetes evolved sleek, presumably fast, body shapes around the same time that killer whales (Orcinus orca) evolved to be a predator of other whales approximately 1 Mya during the Pleistocene. A sleek body shape may have evolved as an adaptation to escape killer whale predation and resulted in a longer life-history events. A cluster analysis of odontocete whales confirmed the dual pattern of life-history traits with one group called ‘reproducers’ characterized by early age of maturity, short gestation, short interbirth interval, and short life, and the other group called ‘bet-hedgers’ with the opposite pattern. However, we found life history grouping relatively unrelated to whale shape (sleek or chunky). Results of mixed effects models incorporating principle components, indicated support for body shape as being positively related to neonate length (investment in progeny) but not significantly related to the temporal life-history traits. Thus, whale body shape is not an adequate explanation for the evolution of fast-slow life histories in odontocete whales.
Absence of effects of widespread badger culling on tuberculosis in cattle
Authors: Torgerson Paul , Hartnack Sonja , Rasmusen Philipp , Lewis Fraser , Langton Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Government policy in England aims for the elimination of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). This policy includes culling of European badger (Meles meles) to reduce cattle TB incidence. The rationale is based on the results of a field trial, the Randomised Badger Culling Trial (RBCT) 1998-2005, which reported a substantial decrease in bTB herd incidence where badger culling had been implemented, in comparison to untreated control areas. The results were reported in 2006 in the journal Nature. Recent analysis of proactive badger culling in England since 2013 has raised concerns that badger culling, based on RBCT methods, may not reduce bTB herd incidence.
The present study re-examined data from the RBCT experiment using a range of statistical models. It concluded that most analytical options did not show any evidence to support an effect of badger culling on herd incidence of bTB ‘confirmed’ by visible lesions or bacterial culture post mortem. However, the statistical model selected and reported from the RBCT study was one of the few models that did show an effect. Various criteria suggest that this was not an optimal model compared to other analytical options then available. The most likely explanation is that the RBCT proactive cull analysis overfitted the data with a non standard method to control for exposure. This resulted in it having a poor predictive value. Fresh appraisals suggest that evidence from more suitable analysis of the original data show that badger culling does not bring about the reported effects.
The RBCT found no evidence of an effect on ‘total’ (confirmed and unconfirmed) bTB herd incidence, which we have also found using the more suitable statistical models. The selective choice of use only of ‘confirmed’ incidence data, together with more recent (2013) published perception that RBCT data presented ‘a strong evidence base….with appropriate detailed statistical or other quantitative analysis’ should now be adjusted to conclude that this evidence base is weak or at least, equivocal. The results of the present report are consistent with findings that badger culling in England (2013-2019) shows no significant disease control benefit.
The findings of this study help explain one form of driver to the reproducibility crisis, in this case with disease control management in an increasingly intensified livestock industry.
Development and initial validation of a school self-assessment tool to measure the extent to which schools are prepared to prevent and respond to cyberbullying and other challenges to the school social environment
Authors: Dyke Nina Van , MacDonald Fiona , Bajayo Rachael , Nguyen Chinh Duc , Leung Cynthia , Francis Sophie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Bullying, which includes cyberbullying and face-to-face bullying, is amongst the most pervasive threats to the wellbeing of children and young people. As social environments, schools are at the forefront of managing bullying behaviours. The rapidly changing and complex nature of bullying requires schools to put in place and maintain systems to prepare for and respond to such activities, and to continually test and refine these systems to ensure optimal performance. Despite this clear need, there is a lack of school level, self-assessment tools that enable schools to assess and measure their preparedness to deal with bullying and related disruptive activities. The aim of this paper was to describe the development, and reliability and validity testing, of such a tool – the School Self-Assessment Tool. The result is a 22-item, evidence-based, reliable, and validated instrument, situated within socio-ecological theory, and drawing on theories of behaviourism, social learning theory, prevention science, and systems change in the school climate literature. Schools may use the SSAT-22 in a number of ways depending on their needs, including to monitor progress, examine areas of strengths or challenges, and/or assist in collaborative efforts with other schools.
Assessing the Relationship between Migraine and Sino-Nasal Symptoms and Diseases Among Syrian Private University Students: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Kadri Louloua Al 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Migraine is a common chronic and disabling condition, diagnosed late in most patients. Furthermore, Sino- nasal diseases are severe stressing conditions that can correlate with headaches and migraine. This study aimed to assess the relationship between migraine and Sino- nasal diseases among Syrian private university students.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted among students of the Syrian Private University in Damascus, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. A self-administered and completed Arabic questionnaire on migraine and its relationship to Sino- Nasal diseases was used in previous studies. The study included 963 students, of whom 417 were students who had migraines, and 546 were controls who did not have migraines. The Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between cases and controls and study variables. P value was considered at < 0.05.
Results: Out of 963 students, 30.7% were male, and 69.3% were female. With an average age of 23.8. Most of the students were from the Faculty of Human Medicine, 27.1%, and were in their final years of study 24%. Most Sino- nasal diseases were related to migraine including nasal obstruction, the need to blow to empty, ear pain, pressure, or pain in facial bones. Sino- nasal Score was significantly related to migraine. The severity of Sino- nasal symptoms were significantly associated with migraine.
Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the diseases and symptoms of the nose and sinuses are significantly associated with migraine. Healthcare providers must raise awareness about this relationship to evaluate it and provide appropriate advice and treatment at an early onset.
Selecting and collecting outcomes for clinical trials: an international qualitative study exploring stakeholder perspectives
Authors: Gardner Heidi R. , Dawson Annabel , Elfeky Adel , Pickles David , Treweek Shaun , Gillies Katie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction

Selecting and collecting data to support appropriate primary and secondary outcomes is a critical step in designing trials that can change clinical practice. In this study, we aimed to investigate who contributes to the process of selecting and collecting trial outcomes, and how these people are involved. This work serves two main purposes: 1) it provides the trials community with evidence to demonstrate how outcomes are currently selected and collected, and 2) it allows people involved in trial design and conduct to pick apart these processes to consider how efficiencies and improvements can be made.

Methods

One-with-one semi-structured interviews, supported by a topic guide to ensure coverage of key content. The Framework approach was used for thematic analysis of data, and themes were linked through constant comparison of data both within and across stakeholder groups.
Participants were twenty-nine international trialists from various stakeholder groups, working primarily on designing and/or delivering phase III pragmatic effectiveness trials. Their experience spanned various funders, trial settings, clinical specialties, intervention types, and participant populations.

Results

We identified three descriptive themes encompassing the process of primary and secondary outcome selection, primary and secondary outcome collection, and the publication of outcome data. Within these themes, participants raised issues around the following:
1) Outcome selection: clarity of the research question; confidence in selecting trial outcomes and how confidence decreases with increased experience; interplay between different stakeholders; how patients and the public are involved in outcome selection; perceived impact of poor outcome selection including poor recruitment and/or retention; and use of core outcome sets.
2) Outcome collection: disconnect between decisions made by outcome selectors and the practical work done by outcome collectors; potential impact of outcome measures on trial participants; potential impact on trial staff workload; and use of routinely collected data.
3) Publication of outcome data: difficulties in finding time to write and revise manuscripts for publication due to time and funding constraints.
Participants overwhelmingly focused on the process of outcome selection, a topic they talked about unprompted. When prompted, participants do discuss outcome collection, but poor communication between selectors and collectors at the trial design stage means that outcome selection is rarely linked with the data collection workload it generates.

Discussion

Stakeholders involved in the design and conduct of trials fail to connect decisions around outcome selection with data collection workload. Publication of outcome data and effective dissemination of trial results are hindered due to the project-based culture of some academic research.
Effect of Seashell and Eggshell Nanoparticles on Tooth Color Changes after Bleaching Using CIE L*C*H Color Space
Authors: Hussein Fatma , M. ElMarsafy Sahar 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundDemineralization of dental structures is one of the post-bleaching effects. Remineralizing agents are recommended to overcome this problem. Synthesis of biomaterials from natural sources rich in calcium remains a viable and more economical option. Post-remineralization discoloration caused by such materials could disappoint patients who prefer whiter teeth; therefore, the color changes caused by such materials should be a concern during selection of the remineralizing protocol after bleaching.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of seashell and eggshell nanoparticles on tooth color changes after bleaching using CIE L*C*H color space.Materials and MethodsForty natural maxillary incisors were enrolled in this study. Teeth were divided into four groups according to the applied treatment, G1: seashells paste for 2 minutes, G2: eggshells paste for 2 minutes, G3: 2% NaF gel for 1minute, and G4: received no treatment (control), then all specimens were stored in artificial saliva for 24hrs. The color of the specimens was determined according to the CIE L*C*H color space using a spectrophotometer at baseline, after bleaching, and after remineralization. Colors were compared using the ΔL*, ΔC*, and ΔH* parameters as well as the total color difference (ΔE) after bleaching and remineralization.ResultsAfter bleaching; there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental groups for ∆C, ∆H, and ∆E. After remineralization, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean values of ΔL, ΔC, ΔH, and ΔE between groups, the lowest mean value of (ΔE) recorded with eggshells, followed by 2% NaF gel, then seashells, while the highest mean value of ΔE was recorded with the control group.ConclusionsAfter bleaching, nano-eggshells and 2% NaF maintained the post-bleaching color, indicating the recovery of the damaged enamel surface. Enamel treatment using seashells could negatively affect the effectiveness of whitening.
Investigating the Incorporation of Digital Literacy and 21st-Century Skills into Postgraduate Students’ Learning Activities
Authors: Maya Lailatul , Suseno Muchlas 
Published: December 2022

Students in higher education institutions require digital literacy and 21st-century skills for their learning activities. Despite the reality of students born into digital technologies that have become increasingly integrated into learning activities, no studies have looked into the situation, particularly study in the context of postgraduate students. This study aims to determine the extent of Master of English Language Education (MELE) students’ incorporation of digital literacy and 21st-century skills within their learning activities. This study was carried out using a survey research method. The sample consisted of 34 MELE students from Jakarta State University enrolled in various gap years (2019-2021) in the Master English Language Education department. The data were collected using 24 questionnaire items. The instruments were employed based on the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) Student Standard and disseminated using Google Form. The findings revealed that most MELE students had a high level of digital literacy and 21st-century skills. However, some students marked themselves as having low levels on it. Thus, the researchers recommended that the students enhance their engagement with technology, incorporate 21st-century skills, and develop digital literacy according to today’s requirements for completing their learning goals.
Milk Yield, Hematological and Electrolyte Parameters in Primiparous Dairy Cows After Laparotomic Omentopexy and One-Step Laparoscopic Abomasopexy Treatments of Left Displaced Abomasum
Authors: Arsić Sveta , Vujanac Ivan , Bojkovski Jovan , Kirovski Danijela , Nedić Sreten , Prodanović Radiša 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two different treatment options for the correction of left displaced abomasum (LDA) on milk yield, hematological, electrolyte parameters, lactate and cortisol concentrations in primiparous cows. Twenty four Holstein cows were randomly assigned into three groups: cows treated with one-step laparoscopic abomasopexy (LPS, n=8), cows treated by left paralumbar omentopexy (LPT, n=8) and healthy cows (CON, n=8), matched by parity and days in milk. Blood samples were collected before (D0) and after (D0’) surgery, and 1 (D1), 3 (D3), 10 (D3) and 30 (D30) days following surgery. LPS and LPT cows at D0 as well as LPT cows at 30 d following surgery had lower milk yield than CON cows (P<0.05), while the service period was higher in LPT than in CON (P<0.05). WBC was lower at D0 as well as Hb and Ht at D0 and D0’ in CON group than those of LPS and LPT (P<0.05). Hyponatremia, hypochloremia and hypokalemia at D0 and D0’ were observed in LPS and LPT. In addition, LPT cows had lower Na and Cl at D1 and D3 and lower K at D1 than CON (P<0.05). Impaired hydration in LPS and LPT cows was accompanied by higher concentrations of lactate at D0, D0’, D1 and D3 (P<0.01) and cortisol at D0 and D0’ (P<0.01) compared with CON group, while LPT had higher cortisol at D0’ than LPS (P<0.05). These results indicated that LPS has the potential to improve the convalescence period of LDA in primiparous cows.
Keeping It Complex With Philip Hunton, John Locke, and the United States Federal Judiciary: On the Merit of Murkiness in Separation of Powers Jurisprudence
Authors: Kundmueller Michelle M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article draws on the resources of a little-known political theorist, Philip Hunton, to explain the function of “murky” jurisprudence in the maintenance of separation of powers over time. In the era immediately before the drafting of the United States Constitution, separation of powers was a touted remedy to tyranny. But if government is thus moderated, a critical question arises: who will judge the precise contours of each institution's powers? This article addresses this longstanding question by comparing the solutions offered by Philip Hunton, John Locke, and the United States judiciary. I conclude that the judiciary's decried inability to clarify the limits of its own power is justified by Hunton's obscure explanation that separation of powers can only function so long as murkiness shrouds questions of ultimate institutional authority.