bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the stability of the water-fuel emulsions obtained by the method of water injection into diesel fuel for agricultural enterprises
Authors: Maltseva E I , Karnyushev N A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
When studying the possibility of using water-fuel emulsions (WFE) as fuels for diesel engines, researchers face the difficult task of obtaining an emulsion of a given quality. The most important requirement when using WFE as a fuel is their stability, which determines the safety of the emulsion, combustion efficiency and depends on many factors, such as: the difference in the densities of water and diesel fuel: the size of water droplets formed in the fuel; viscosity of water and fuel; surface tension of water and diesel fuel; the presence of surfactants that contribute to the stabilization of WFE. The purpose of this work is to study the stability of WFE obtained by the method of water injection into diesel fuel for efficient use in agriculture.
Organomineral compost and its effects for the content of heavy metals in the top layer leached chernozem
Authors: Antonenko D A , Nikiforenko Y Y , Melnik O A , Yurin D A , Danilova A A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To date, the most reliable and environmentally friendly way to increase soil fertility and reduce the concentration of mobile forms of heavy metals is the use of organic fertilizers. The article discusses the results of field trials of compost composed of semi-rotted cattle manure, phosphogypsum and alfalfa hay. It was revealed that organic fertilization increases the concentration of organic matter in the upper layer of chernozem leached in the agrocenosis of maize. This enhances the sorption of the organic mineral complex of the soil and decreases the mass fraction of some heavy metals (HM). It is noted that the use of compost in doses of 40 and 60 t/ha helps to reduce the mass concentration of zinc, copper and manganese. The excess of the permissible concentration of highly toxic and dangerous for humans HM was not detected in any field variant.
Mineral composition and seasonal dynamics of the content of heavy metals in bed loads of ravines and small rivers in the city of Kamyshin (Volgograd oblast, Russia)
Authors: Sheshnev A S , Reshetnikov M V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article presents the study of the mineral composition and content of heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn) in bed loads (0–1 cm layer) of ravines and small rivers in the city of Kamyshin (Volgograd oblast, Russia). We established that quartz is the most widespread rock-forming mineral found all-over the place. In areas, where proportion of quartz decreases, the content of hydromica and feldspars increases. We discovered that the content of heavy metals in the bed loads increases in 61.1% of cases in spring compared to summer due to the inflow of pollutants from the urban watersheds with snowmelt runoff. Bed loads with a high content of heavy metals should be considered as an object of accumulated environmental damage. Reclamation of the beds of small rivers and ravines is required in order to create a comfortable urban environment and reduce the negative impact on the Volgograd Reservoir.
Air pollution prevention in Stara Zagora Municipality
Authors: Platikanova M S , Andonova A N , Todorova D G , Hristova P D 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, air pollution is one of the current and global environmental problems both around the world and in one of the best-developed municipalities in Bulgaria - Stara Zagora. The deterioration of air quality is also favored by the migration and long-distance transport of the most important atmospheric pollutants for the municipality - sulfur dioxide, dust, nitrogen dioxide, lead aerosols, and hydrogen sulfide. This article aims to propose some hygienic and environmental measures for the rehabilitation of the air basin in the municipality based on a study of air pollution and its impact on the health of the population. The complex of activities is aimed at installation of efficient treatment facilities in various industrial enterprises; reconstruction of the heating installations and introduction of the use of electric current for heating during the winter months; accelerating the gasification process; public works, including landscaping of more areas in the city; optimal reorganization of automobile traffic and moving the car traffic out of the city.
Assessing the impact of agrometeorological conditions on the yield of grain and leguminous crops in European Russia
Authors: Abannikov V N , Seroukhova O S , Mkhanna A I N , Podgaiskii E V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Russian Federation in recent years has become a world leader in the production of grain crops. A significant contribution to increasing the volume of harvesting is made by the regions located in the European part, in which the leaders in the production of grain and leguminous crops are the Voronezh, Lipetsk and Kursk regions. The growth in the production of grain and leguminous crops in these areas was facilitated by state support for agriculture, black soil, favorable climatic conditions, etc. But weather conditions do not always contribute to the annual collection of record harvests. To assess the degree of influence of weather conditions on the yield of grain and leguminous crops, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between agro meteorological characteristics and annual yield indicators for the period from 2013 to 2018. The results obtained in the future will make it possible to refine the methods for forecasting agro meteorological resources for the growing season and, accordingly, forecasting the future harvest.
Possibility of reducing the technogenic load on the environment by reducing oil waste in diesel
Authors: Melbert A A , Tr Hung N , Lopareva S G , Kalimullin M N , Galiyev R M , Drabkina E V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study is aimed at solving an important environmental problem of reducing the technogenic load on the environment created by automotive diesel engines. The issue of reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases by reducing the waste of oil in the combustion chamber of the cylinder-piston group for various modifications of 15/18 diesel engines is considered according to the results of bench tests. It was found that a decrease in oil burnout in a diesel engine is accompanied by a decrease in CO, CH, PM emissions with exhaust gases. At the same time, a slight increase in emissions of nitrogen oxides NOx was observed. It was found that with a change in oil burnout from 0.32 to 0.6% of fuel consumption, the estimated indicator for nitrogen oxides decreased by 10%, for carbon monoxide - increased by 52%, for hydrocarbons - increased by 50%, for solid particles - increased by 94%. The results of the study showed that the technogenic load matters. The indicator of technogenic load was HTL = 43.63 tl/g with oil burnout of 0.32% and HTL = 39.87 tl/g with oil burnout of 0.6% due to reduction of NOx emissions.
Forecasting the yield of sugar beet
Authors: Derkach N E , Gololobova M A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article discusses the main factors affecting the yield of sugar beet; the approaches of leading experts in the field of forecasting the yield of sugar beet have been studied; Based on the analysis of the dynamics of the yield of sugar beet in the Kursk region for 1975-2019, a multifactor model for forecasting the yield is proposed, which has a high accuracy of forecast data.
Biomeliorant for the restoration of saline and degraded soils in the arid zone
Authors: Karpenko N P , Egemberdiev D K , Glazunova I V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The methods of gypsum application in degraded soils to increase and restore saline and degraded soils, to grow vegetables and fruits in the arid zone are considered in the paper. The issues of soil alkalinity reduction to increase soil fertility with the use of a new biomeliorant at standard of ST RK 2208-2012 containing phosphogypsum, calcium, sulfur and cattle manure with the addition of crushed camel thorn were studied. According to calculations this meliorant application reduces the loss of nitrogen and organic matter by 40%,, which being a highly effective fertilizer that improves the physico-chemical and biological properties of the soil, which contributes to an increase in crop yields. Field studies have shown that the joint anaerobic fermentation of phosphogypsum and manure, camel thorn led to intensive aggregation and the creation of favorable conditions of the soil structure for the crops. The results showed that the biomeliorant application into the soil led to a noticeable improvement in its structure, increases alkalinity, soils become more fertile and crop yields increase.
Structure of ground beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) community in the spring wheat crops of the northern forest-steppe of the Ob region
Authors: Yu Maksimovich K , Fedorov D S , Loparev D V , Mukhametshina A R , Novikov E A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The species composition of the ground beetle community (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the spring wheat crop area in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia was researched for the period of 2019-2020. The ground beetle population was represented by 36 species from 14 genera. The genera Poecilus, Dolichus, and Harpalus were the most abundant, while the genera Pterostichus, Poecilus, Harpalus, and Amara had the highest species diversity. It was revealed that the dominant species in sites with conventional technology of spring wheat cultivation, are: Harpalus rufipes, Poecilus cupreus, Dolichus halensis, Harpalus calceatus, and in 2020 Agonum gracilipes appeared along with them. In 2020, the species abundance increased by 25%, and the dynamic density of most species in the second year of the study was also higher than in the first year. This may be caused by the influence of agrometeorological conditions of the studied area. The vegetation period of 2020 differed by conditions of heat and moisture supply in comparison with 2019, as indicators of 2020 are much higher than the previous year and average long-term values for the area. The dominant and subdominant complex of carabidofauna was found to be relatively stable for two years.
Weed control in the cultivation of corn (Zea mays L.) on irrigation
Authors: Fetyukhin I V , Popov A S , Tolpinskii V V 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe article reflects the results of studies conducted in the period from 2018 to 2020 in the dry steppe zone of the Russian Federation to assess the effectiveness of the integrated protection of corn for irrigation from weeds using mechanical, chemical measures and provocative irrigation. The effectiveness of chemical treatment with the use of Elyumis herbicide and mechanical treatment of row spacings with and without provocative irrigation against the background of moldboard and non-moldboard basic tillage was studied. The dynamics of weed infestation of corn crops has been established for the periods of vegetation of the crop and the timing of the application of the studied methods of weed control. The data on accounting for the increase in leaf area, as well as determining the photosynthetic potential of crops, the rate of accumulation of dry matter and the net productivity of photosynthesis using the studied methods of agricultural technology are presented. The indicators of corn productivity were determined, and the data obtained from the economic and energy evaluation of the effectiveness of the studied methods of weed control were analyzed.
Monitoring the budget of green phytomass of birch forest stands, taking into account the structure by diameter
Authors: Vais A A , Andronova A A , Popova V V , Mamedova S K , Zaykova P A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The drooping birch (Betula pendula) occupies a significant part of the territory of the forest fund, and in the forest-steppe zone it often performs the function of a dominant. Silver birch is one of the most intensively synthesizing aboveground phytomass tree species of the boreal zone. The purpose of the research is to identify patterns in the distribution of the phytomass of leaf blades of birch forest stands, taking into account regional standards, and to compare the results with the general tables of biological productivity. As a result, it was found that the tables of biological productivity for all categories of plantations (complete, modal) overestimate information about the final leaf weight. The closest results were obtained for modal forest stands in Siberia. The role of the structure in determining the phytomass of leaves can be from 5 to 35%, taking into account the distribution of trees by diameter. When assessing the phytomass of birch stands, it is necessary to strive to use local tables of the weight of individual tree fractions and distribution series that correspond to the maximum extent to the structure of these stands.
Ensuring sustainable development of agriculture through the use of regenerative technologies
Authors: Koreva O V , Tikhii V I , Goncharova E A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Environmental problems in agricultural production, aggravated by the deterioration of the nutrition structure of the population due to the growing consumption of low-quality products and environmentally polluted products, encourage the search for new approaches and management methods. An effective method of solving problems can be the introduction of innovations in the production of agricultural products based on the use of regenerative technologies. The article shows that meat production produces up to a quarter of all carbon emissions of greenhouse gases. It is proposed to use regenerative methods of agricultural production to reduce the impact on the environment. The study of these issues is relevant, since ecological agriculture is more stable during the crisis, and its development can contribute to the growth of related industries.
Stormwater management in cities: the way to protect geocomponents from the pollution
Authors: Kostina A A , Vladimirova A A , Basamykina A N , Kameristaya M A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article highlights existing stormwater drainage problems. This article analyzes existing problems and proposes methods to improve the functioning of cities’ surface water drainage system. The stormwater drainage system is an integral part of the water supply and sanitation system and is designed for surface wastewater for diversion, subsequent contamination treatment, and discharge into the water body. Most cities in Russia are in a zone of excessive moisture, that is, areas where the moisture flow to the surface in the form of precipitation exceeds its flow through runoff and evaporation, which leads to the importance of adequately arranged sewage in urban areas. The lack of a competent approach to storm drainage construction is the main problem, requiring design solutions and measures to ensure runoff diversion in underdeveloped underground drainage systems.
Microbiological activity of soddy-podzolic soil contaminated with oil, against the background of the use of biological products
Authors: Gamzaeva R S , Khodzhaev R S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of the research was to study the features of the influence of various concentrations of oil on the dynamics of the activity of the microflora of sod-podzolic soil and the residual amount of oil products when using biological products based on oil-oxidizing microorganisms. The article examines the dynamics of the number and composition of such physiological groups of microorganisms as heterotrophs, micromycetes, actinomycetes, cellulolytic. As a result of the studies, the following features were revealed: 1. low oil concentrations stimulate the number of all studied microorganisms; 2. micromycetes are the most resistant to oil pollution; 3. the most sensitive to the pollutant are actinomycetes and cellulite microorganisms. It was found that the biological activity of oil-contaminated soil correlated with the residual amount of oil products. The destruction of oil products is more intensive in the rhizosphere of wheat.
Forestry in north-taiga forest region of the European part of the Russian Federation
Authors: Surina E A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the presented article, an assessment of forestry activities is carried out and a forecast of the state of forests until 2030 in the north-taiga forest region of the European part of the Russian Federation is presented. Submitted the substantiated proposals in terms of ensuring the use, protection, protection and reproduction of forests
Correlations of traits of the flower, leaf and fruit of Sargent’s apple tree (Malus sargentii Rehd.)
Authors: Aniskina T S , Donskih V G , Simakhin M V , Kryuchkova V A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Malus sargentii Rehd. is a highly ornamental species, also used as a pollinator in industrial gardens. The species remains poorly studied. There are no data in the literature on the conjugation of the traits of flowers, fruits, and leaves. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to clarify the presence of correlations between traits for further selection. The object of the study is Sargent’s apple tree. 6 flower traits, 6 fruit parameters and 9 leaf traits are described. It was found that out of 210 correlation coefficients, 27 coefficients are reliable. 3 pleiades of signs were revealed: fruit diameter, fruit weight, fruit length; leaf blade length, leaf length; length of the right stipule, width of the right stipules, width of the left stipules. An inverse correlation was found between the length of the filament and the width of the leaf in the middle of the leaf blade (r=-0.68). The parameters of the fruit are closely related to the characteristics of the flower: the thickness of the pedicel correlates with the length of the filament (r=0.58), the length of the fruit (r=0.59), the diameter of the fruit (r=0.64), and the width of the right stipule (r=0.53) with the leaf characteristic. ). The number of flowers in the corymb is related to the length of the pedicel (r=0.60), and there is also a relationship between fruit weight and fruit length (r=0.61).
Generalized assessment of the technical characteristics of agricultural machinery based on multi-criteria analysis
Authors: Dimitrov V P , Borisova L V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article discusses the data of a comprehensive analysis of the technical characteristics of grain throwers based on multi-criteria analysis using two assessment methods - the generalized Harrington desirability function and the hierarchy analysis method. Four alternatives to grain throwers are considered. For each alternative, the values of 15 particular desirability criteria were calculated. As a result of the convolution of particular criteria, the best alternative is determined. The weightings of the criteria are determined. The vectors of local priorities are calculated. Comparative assessments of alternatives based on two methods are presented.
Monitoring of forest fires and their consequences
Authors: Anisimov S E , Tsarev E M , Rukomojnikov K P , Gilyazova T A , Anisimov N S , Anisimov I S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this article a main attention given to the method of analyzing the state of forest areas by video surveillance. In particular, variants of devices for mounting video equipment on tree trunks are presented. The proposed technical solutions are one of the components in increasing the efficiency of monitoring forest areas. Together with the existing technical and technological devices used to solve the problem, they increase the quality of tracking possible forest fires, can be used to monitor the quantitative characteristics, species composition and dynamics of the reproduction of wild animals in the forest environment. The offered devices are easy to manufacture, lightweight and compact.
Growth and development of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under light culture conditions
Authors: Kondratev V M , Osipova G S , Kiselev M V 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe article studies the growth and development of three varieties of tomato when grown under conditions of complete light culture with a lighting power of 175±15 µmol/m2/s. The passage of phenological phases by tomato varieties corresponded to the inherent genetic potential. The Andreyka variety has formed larger leaves, compared to cultivation in protected ground. Variety Demidov formed powerful and highly leafy plants. Variety Stepanna formed medium leafy plants with medium leaves. At a lighting power of 175±15 µmol/m2/s, tomato varieties formed more leafy plants with larger leaves compared to plants grown in protected ground, which is a response to lighting conditions.
Vegetable oils as effective additives and replacements of diesel fuel in agriculture machinery engines
Authors: Devianin S N , Bijaev A V , Chumakov V L , Oshchepkov O P , Kapustin A V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of experimental studies of possible partial replacement of traditional diesel fuel by biofuel. The term biofuel refers to a mixture of diesel fuel with vegetable oils such as palm or peanut oils. The optimal supply of vegetable oils is determining under conditions of preservation or deterioration of diesel engine performance in the range of 5 … 8%. The experiments suppose a diesel engine operation without any interfering within design or regulation of the diesel engine and its fuel equipment. Hydrogen peroxide or kerosene is used to improve the physicochemical properties of vegetable oils. It has been found that under these constraints, the optimal supply of palm oil is 20%. In case of peanut oil, experimentally found that its volume part in biofuel can be increased up to 40%. To provide an equal density and viscosity of the biofuel and the base diesel fuel 30% of diesel fuel were replaced by kerosene. In the range of low and medium engine loads, an emission of main toxic components of nitrogen oxides NOx, emission of solid carbon particles with exhaust gas C, carbon oxides changes insignificantly, and even decreases. The concentration of unburned hydrocarbons is significantly reduced. At engine loads above 50% for peanut oil and 75% for palm oil biofuels, presumably due to worse mixture formation, there is a sharp decrease in nitrogen oxide emissions and an increase in carbon monoxide concentrations.
Communities with Ulmus macrocarpa Hance in Eastern Transbaikaliye
Authors: Vikulina N A , Kayukova S N , Ishina L A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article presents the data of long-term studies of communities with U. macrocarpa in Eastern Transbaikalye, in particular, the results of anatomical studies, floristic, ecological and biological, biomorphological and arealogical analysis of the flora of elms.
The environmental risk assessment of urban soils pollution with trace elements in the Arkhangelsk industrial agglomeration
Authors: Nikitina M V , Gerasimov A S , Popova L F , Gerasimova L V , Evdokimova V P 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an ecological and economic approach is proposed to assess the environmental risks of soil pollution in the Arkhangelsk industrial agglomeration, where the most important indicator of risk is the amount of probable damage. Based on the total content of trace metals in the surface soil layer, the degree of the ecological risk, the probability of further pollution, and the magnitude of the probable damage have been determined. It was found that Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk and Novodvinsk soils are characterized by a weak degree of ecological risk for most sample plots with the probability of further contamination from 20 to 40%.