bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approximating stochastic numbers to reduce latency
Authors: Kawaminami Syoki , Watanabe Yukino , Yamashita Shigeru 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Approximate Computing (AC) and Stochastic Computing (SC) have been studied as new computing paradigms to achieve energy-efficient designs for error-tolerant applications. The hardware cost of SC generally can be small compared to that of AC, but SC has not been applied to a wide range of applications as AC because SC needs very long cycles to use long random bit strings called Stochastic Numbers (SNs) when we need to maintain the desired precision. To mitigate this disadvantage of SC, we propose a new idea to approximate numbers represented by SNs; our idea is to use multiple SNs to represent one number. Indeed our method can shorten the length of SNs drastically while keeping the precision level compared to conventional SNs. We study two specific cases where we use two and three shorter bit-strings to represent a single conventional SN, which we call a dual-rail and a triple-rail SNs, respectively. We also discuss a general case when we use many SNs corresponding to a single conventional SNs. We also compare triple-rail, dual-rail and conventional SNs in terms of hardware overhead and calculation errors in this paper. From the comparison, we can conclude that our idea can be used to shorten the necessary cycles for SC.
Management of neonates with 35 weeks of gestational age or more with infectious risk factors at birth: opportunities for improvement
Authors: Mazabanda López Diego Andrés , Taboada Rubinos Carla , Hernández Ortega Andrea , Pérez Guedes Lucía del Mar , Urquía Martí Lourdes , García-Muñoz Rodrigo Fermín 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The Northern California Kaiser-Permanente Neonatal Sepsis Risk Calculator (SRC) has proved to be safe and effective in reducing laboratory tests, hospital admissions, and administration of antibiotics to patients at risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Many studies have focused on maternal chorioamnionitis as the principal risk factor for EONS. We wanted to know if the use of the SRC could be equally efficient in the context of several other infectious risk factors (IRF), in addition to chorioamnionitis, such as intrapartum maternal fever, GBS colonization and/or prolonged rupture of membranes (PROM).

Methods
Systematic study of neonates with ≥35 weeks gestational age (GA), born in our tertiary university hospital during a period of 18 months. Patients were retrospectively assessed with the SRC and its recommendations were compared with the actual management. A bivariate analysis of perinatal interventions, and outcomes was performed.

Results
A total of 5,885 newborns were born during the study period and 1783 mothers (31%) had at least one IRF. The incidence of culture-proven EONS was 0.5‰. The use of the SRC would have reduced laboratory evaluations (CBC and CRP) from 56.2 to 23.3%, and blood cultures, hospital admissions and antibiotic therapy from 22.9 to 15.5%, 17.8 and 7.6%, respectively. The management based on patients’ symptoms would have shown a reduction to 7.5% in all the outcomes of interest.

Conclusions
Both, the SRC and the management based on clinical findings, are safe and efficient to reduce the number of analytical studies, hospital admissions and administration of antibiotics to neonates with IRF.
Hyponatremia among preeclampsia patients – a potential sign of severity
Authors: Remer Chen , Porat Shay , Levit Lorinne , Amsalem Hagai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Although hyponatremia in preeclamptic patients was previously described, its significance remains unknown. We aimed to describe the prevalence and clinical significance of hyponatremia among a cohort of preeclamptic patients.

Methods
An electronic medical record based retrospective cohort study included all singleton deliveries at Hadassah University Medical Center between 2003 and 2015. Preeclampsia, with and without severe features, was defined using the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) Hypertension in Pregnancy Guidelines. Hyponatremia was defined as a sodium (Na) level ≤130 mEq/L, and severe hyponatremia as <125 mEq/L. A group of normotensive pregnant women, matched for gestational age, gravdity and parity, served as control.

Results
A total of 700 preeclamptic patients were identified during the study period. Hyponatremia was noted in 14.6% compared to 0 of 79 patients in the control group. Hyponatremia was strongly correlated with severe features of preeclampsia, adverse neonatal and obstetrical outcome. Severe hyponatremia was strongly correlated with preeclampsia with severe features. Furthermore, even among subgroup of preeclamptic patients without severe features, hyponatremia correlated with less favorable pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusions
Among relatively large cohort of preeclamptic patients, hyponatremia was not a rare finding. We found it more common in patients with preeclampsia and severe features. As women with preeclampsia are at risk for hyponatremia, serum sodium levels should be monitored, especially in those with severe features. In preeclamptic patients without severe features, hyponatremia may indicate a need for closer surveillance. However, larger studies are needed to establish hyponatremia as a marker of severity.
Transvaginally surgically treatment of early postpartum hemorrhage caused by lower uterine segment atony
Authors: Habek Dubravko , Marton Ingrid , Prka Matija , Luetić Ana Tikvica , Vitić Mirjam , Jurković Ana Marija 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Prove the success of transvaginal hemostatic procedures in treatment of the early postpartum hemorrhage caused by lower uterine segment atony.

Methods
We have conducted a retrospective, clinical study during a 10-year period (2010–2019) in our institution that is tertiary perinatal university center.

Results
This particular study enrolled total number of 29,543 deliveries with 215 cases of early postpartum hemorrhage (0.72%). Lower uterine segment atony was diagnosed in 44 cases (29.93%) in all uterine atony cases of early postpartum hemorrhage. Hemostatic ligation procedures according to authors: Losickaja in two cases, Hebisch–Huch in 13 cases, Habek in seven cases, Hebisch-Huch + Losickaja in 10 cases. According to our results, hemostatic ligation procedures alone (32 cases; 72.72%) or combined with gauze or ballon tamponade (five cases, 11.36%), have shown to be highly effective in 37 cases (84.09%).

Conclusions
Lower uterine segment atony should definitely be identified and understood as a clinical entity. Transvaginal hemostatic approach for surgical treatment of lower uterine segment atony is accessible, minimally invasive, feasible, successful and lifesaving. All of the above-mentioned methods are of great importance in the prevention and treatment of obstetric shock, multiorgan failure, postpartum hysterectomy and finally vital for fertility preservation.
Termination of pregnancy in the second trimester – the course of different therapy regimens
Authors: Franke Jana Franzis , Oelmeier Kathrin , Möllers Mareike , Möllmann Ute , Braun Janina , Kerschke Laura , Köster Helen Ann , Klockenbusch Walter , Schmitz Ralf , Hammer Kerstin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To compare two prostaglandin analogs and two application intervals between mifepristone and the prostaglandin analog administration on the time to abortion in second trimester termination of pregnancy. Other endpoints were live birth rate and fetal lifetime after expulsion.

Methods
Retrospective data of 373 abortions performed were evaluated. Four medical induction subgroups and two feticide subgroups were considered. The definition criteria of the subgroups were the choice of administered prostaglandin analog (misoprostol vs. sulprostone) and the time interval between mifepristone and prostaglandin analog administration (48 vs. 24 h). The outcome parameters were the time to complete uterine evacuation (TCUE), the live birth rate and duration of fetal life.

Results
In the misoprostol subgroups, the median TCUE was 1.6 h longer in the 24-h group than in the 48-h group (p=0.950). In the sulprostone subgroups, the median TCUE was 1.9 h shorter in the 24-h group than in the 48-h group (p=0.950). The median TCUE was shorter for sulprostone than for misoprostol in all six subgroups (p<0.001). The rate of fetal live births ranged between 13.6 and 15.9% within the medical induction subgroups (p=0.969). The median fetal lifetime was slightly shorter in the sulprostone groups than in the misoprostol groups (p=0.563).

Conclusions
Both application intervals and prostaglandin analogs are similarly effective. The therapy regime should be adapted to the personal preferences of the woman, the situational and clinical conditions.
Investigating the elicited emotion of single-origin chocolate towards sustainable chocolate production in Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Dimas Rahadian Aji , Fibri Dwi Larasatie Nur , Saputro Arifin Dwi , Sunarharum Wenny Bekti 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the market, single-origin chocolate is gaining high attention. However, up till now, there is no study investigating the characteristic single-origin chocolate from different regions in Indonesia, particularly in the aspect of emotional conceptualisation. Thus, the first part of this study was designed to investigate the elicited emotion of single-origin chocolate consumers in Indonesia. Chocolates were prepared from cocoa beans obtained from seven regions in Indonesia with two different roasting methods (dynamic and static). Later, a conceptual approach to find the correlation between the development of single-origin chocolate and the development of a rural area, particularly in the cocoa-producing region, in Indonesia was given, which was elaborated. The results show that based on 120 respondents, chocolate made of cocoa beans from Makassar obtained the highest consumer acceptance level due to the lowest bitterness, aftertaste duration, and aftertaste intensity, as well as the highest sweetness level. The roasting method had no significant effect on the hedonic response implying that the quality of raw material had a more pronounced impact on the quality of the chocolate than the roasting method. Single-origin chocolate elicited particular emotions, such as pleasant, calm, feeling good, satisfying, enthusiastic, happy, and stimulating. The development of single-origin chocolate can contribute to the economic impact on rural areas where cocoa trees grow.
Conformational preferences and intramolecular hydrogen bonding patterns of tetraflavaspidic acid BBBB – a tetrameric acylphloroglucinol
Authors: Mammino Liliana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Tetraflavaspidic acid BBBB is a tetrameric acylphloroglucinol of natural origin isolated from Dryopteris aitoniana. Its molecule consists of four acylphloroglucinol units linked by methylene bridges and having the same R = propyl in their R−C=O groups. In one of the terminal monomers, one of the OHs ortho to R−C=O is replaced by a keto O. The paper reports the results of a conformational study performed at the HF/6-31G(d,p) and DFT/B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) levels; two options are utilised for the latter, without and with the inclusion of the Grimme’s dispersion correction. Given the importance of intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IHBs) for the stabilisation of acylphloroglucinol conformers, only conformers containing the maximum IHBs’ number were calculated. The IHBs comprise an IHB between the sp2 O of R−C=O and a neighbouring OH in each monomeric unit and two inter-monomer IHBs between each pair of units. The single C−C bonds of the methylene bridges enable a variety of mutual orientations of the monomeric units, giving rise to a variety of conformations and IHB patterns. The results indicate greater stability for conformers in which individual monomers take lower energy conformations, and significant influence of the dispersion correction on the estimation of the energetics and of other molecular properties. The inclusion of the dispersion correction also strongly limits the number of low energy conformers. The influence of dispersion effects is consistent with the presence of four aromatic rings.
Fate of Neptunium in nuclear fuel cycle streams: state-of-the art on separation strategies
Authors: Verma Parveen K. , Mohapatra Prasanta K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Neptunium, with a half life of 2.14 million years is one of the most notorious activation products in the nuclear fuel cycle. It has been more than 5 decades in the reprocessing of nuclear fuels by the well documented PUREX process, but the fate of Np in the PUREX cycle is still not well controlled. Although Np being stable in its pentavalent state in low acid media, its starts to undergo disproportionation at higher acidities. This disproportionation along with the oxidizing conditions of the HNO3 medium makes Np to exits as Np(IV), Np(V) and Np(VI) in the dissolver solution. The overall extractability of Np in the co-decontamination step of the PUREX cycle is dependent on its oxidation state in the medium as Np(VI) and Np(IV) being extractable while Np(V) being least extractable. The present review article discusses about the speciation of Np in HNO3 and its disproportionation. The variety of redox reagents are discussed for their effectiveness towards controlling Np redox behavior in the HNO3 media. The extraction of Np with the different class of extractant has also been discussed and the results are compared for better understanding. Solid phase extraction of Np using both commercially available resin and lab based synthesized resins were discussed. The anion exchange resins with the different cationic centers were shown to behave differently towards the uptake of Np form the acidic medium. The present review also highlight the chemical conditions required for controlling or minimizing the fate of Np in different process streams of the nuclear fuel cycle.
Creaky Voice and Prosodic Boundaries in Spanish: An Acoustic Study
Authors: González Carolina , Weissglass Christine , Bates Daniel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study investigates vocalic creak in connection to the demarcation of prosodic boundaries in Spanish. Data from a picture task from 10 native Spanish speakers from diverse dialects was examined word-medially and word-finally. A total of 800 vowels were analyzed acoustically to determine if they involved creak; duration of creak relative to vowel duration was also recorded. The role of prosodic context, vowel quality and gender were examined. Our results show that creak is one of the cues that signals the end of prosodic constituents, particularly at higher prosodic levels: it averages 64% of realizations word-finally, but only 4% medially; and it is more pervasive in higher prosodic domains. Creak is more likely in males than females (80 vs. 53%), and vowel quality has no effect on creak word-finally, although word-medially /a/ is more frequently creaked than other vowels. We discuss the implications of our results in comparison with previous studies on creaky voice in Spanish and English, in particular Garellek, Marc & Patricia Keating. 2015. Phrase-final creak: Articulation, acoustics, and distribution. In Paper presented at the 89th meeting of the Linguistic Society of America, Portland, Oregon, 8–11 January, which report a higher rate of creak for Mexican Spanish females compared to males utterance-finally, and Kim, Ji Young. 2017. Voice quality transfer in the production of Spanish heritage speakers and English L2 learners of Spanish. Silvia Perpiñán. In David Heap, Itziri Moreno-Villamar & Adriana Soto-Corominas (eds.), Selected papers from the 44th linguistic symposium on romance languages (LSRL), 191–207. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, which found creaky voice utterance-finally in L2 Spanish and heritage Spanish speakers, but not in L1 Spanish participants.
The signless Laplacian matrix of hypergraphs
Authors: Cardoso Kauê , Trevisan Vilmar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this article, we define signless Laplacian matrix of a hypergraph and obtain structural properties from its eigenvalues. We generalize several known results for graphs, relating the spectrum of this matrix to structural parameters of the hypergraph such as the maximum degree, diameter, and the chromatic number. In addition, we characterize the complete signless Laplacian spectrum for the class of power hypergraphs from the spectrum of its base hypergraph.
Perfil epidemiológico das internações hospitalares por pneumonia na Bahia, entre 2015 e 2019
Authors: Góis Costa Júlia , Medeiros de Oliveira Gabriella , Oliveira Serra do Coni Rafaella , Santos Martins de Almeida Vanessa , Cesar Costa Cardoso Augusto , Aires Brasil Cristina 
Published: May 2022

OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico das internações hospitalares por pneumonia do Estado da Bahia, no período de 2015 a 2019. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico, descritivo e retrospectivo, com dados secundários do Sistema de Internações Hospitalares (SIH), para casos de pneumonia por local de internação, disponibilizados pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), entre 2015 e 2019. RESULTADOS: As macrorregiões Sudoeste e Sul apresentam a maioria dos casos, representando, respectivamente, 20,48% e 17,5%. Quanto às faixas etárias, a primeira infância (de 1 a 4 anos) com 24,6% dos casos, e os idosos maiores de 80 anos com 14,1%. Os indivíduos do sexo masculino correspondem a 51,9% dos casos. Em relação à cor/raça, a parda corresponde a 84,8% e a preta por 4,26%, caracterizando a população negra com a maioria dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados revelam que a pneumonia representa importante causa de internamento hospitalar, destacando-se o acometimento nos primeiros anos de vida ou na senescência. O conhecimento das características descritas, a partir dos dados do Sistema de Internação Hospitalar, constitui um conjunto de informações importantes para o planejamento e monitoramento das ações em saúde voltadas as populações mais vulneráveis do estado da Bahia.
Protocolo da pesquisa: impacto da presença de úlcera péptica em portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
Authors: Oliveira Karla Ramos Melo , Galliza Santana Montalvão Juliana , Camelier Aquiles Assunção , Rosa Fernanda Warken 
Published: May 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: dentro das doenças não transmissíveis em destaque no nosso país, a Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) ganha ênfase por sua relação com o tabagismo, hábito de elevada prevalência em todo o mundo. Associada a DPOC ocorrem diversas comorbidades bem estabelecidas, sendo uma delas a úlcera péptica, conhecidamente relacionada ao hábito de fumar. Nesse estudo descritivo de pacientes portadores de DPOC, temos como objetivo demonstrar a prevalência de úlcera péptica gastroduodenal, sua relação com o tabagismo, seu impacto na qualidade de vida e exacerbações nesses pacientes. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: os pacientes estudados serão pacientes em acompanhamento ambulatorial no serviço de pneumologia em tratamento específico para sua condição na Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), estadiados de acordo com o consenso GOLD (Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease) e responderão a questionários validados com perguntas sobre suas condições de saúde, doenças coexistentes (incluindo úlcera péptica), tratamento em uso, além de dados capazes de avaliar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes. AMOSTRA: serão obtidos dados presentes em banco de informações do Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício do Departamento de Ciências da vida da UNEB de 150 pacientes de forma retrospectiva. Os resultados do estudo serão apresentados sob forma de estatística descritiva das variáveis de interesse, teste T de Student, Qui-quadrado e análise multivariada quando apropriados. Serão considerados significantes o valor de P<0,05. As informações estudadas serão exportadas e analisadas pelo programa IBM SPSS versão 26.
Secondary metabolites production combined with lead bioremediation by Halamphora sp. marine diatom microalgae and their physiological response
Authors: Ines Dahmen-Ben Moussa , Saoussan Boukhriss , Khaled Athmouni , Habib Ayadi 
Published: May 2022

This study was designed to investigate the physiological and biochemical response of the diatom microalgae Halamphora sp. (SB1 MK575516.1) to the toxicity of lead (Pb) as well as its ability as phytoremediation. Four different concentrations of Pb (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg L-1) were applied for 10 days. Fatty acid profile, mineral composition, secondary metabolite contents, and physiological responses have been determined in Halamphora biomass. We found that this metal was mainly removed by bio adsorption on cell surfaces and that Halamphora sp. could acclimatize upon long-term exposure to Pb stress. A decrease in the cell’s number and size, polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as mineral content in Halamphora sp were observed under Pb stress. However, an increase in polyphenol, flavonoid, and carotenoid contents has been recorded at 100 mg Pb L-1, with stimulation of the antioxidant capacity as measured by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. An increase in MDA, proline, and H2O2 levels were also observed. On the other hand, the deleterious effect of Pb resulting from the cellular oxidative state can be alleviated by the enzymatic system such as Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT). The present study indicates the ability of Halamphora sp. to remove heavy metals from the aquatic environment and produce antioxidant biomolecules.
Ocular surface squamous neoplasia: An overview
Authors: Maurya Rajendra Prakash , Singh Vibha , Pal Kajal , Singh Shivangi , Singh Virendra P , Anand Kartika 
Published: May 2022

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is a diverse range of neoplasm arising from squamous epithelium of conjunctiva, limbus and cornea. OSSN is considered as a low grade malignancy but may be locally invasive and require exenteration. It has relatively high recurrence rate. It has multifactorial etiology and specific pathogenesis of lesion has yet to be attributed. Histopathology with immunohistochemistry is a gold standard diagnostic tool.This mini review highlights the pathogenesis, risk factors, various clinical manifestations, latest diagnostic tools and recent development in treatment of OSSN.