bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting business zakah as a product of Islamic finance to fund social causes for well-being of the underprivileged: evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Nazamul 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
This study aims to look into the scope of exploring and promoting business zakah for the enhancement of the well-being of the underprivileged in society.

Design/methodology/approach
This is mainly a qualitative research conducted using both primary and secondary data. Primary data have been collected from 34 business entrepreneurs in Bangladesh through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The secondary data have been collected from annual reports with a view to calculating business zakah of five business enterprises for providing an indicative picture of prospective volume of business zakah in Bangladesh. Finally, collected qualitative data have been analyzed thematically following the due procedures with a view to addressing the research questions.

Findings
The findings reveal that around thirty five percent of sample entrepreneurs have used business zakah fund for fully and partially financing their social projects. It also reveals that on average annual business zakah fund amounts to nearly 144m BDT (around US$1.7m) per business enterprise. These findings bear clear witness that business zakah has extensive scope and promising prospect to be an instrument of financing social projects aimed at ensuring social well-being of the disadvantaged.

Practical implications
The findings of this research can be used as a guide to promote business zakah to finance social programs aimed at ensuring the well-being of the underprivileged of all societies particularly of Muslim countries representing one-fourth of the world population.

Originality/value
Exploring and promoting business zakah as an initiative of broadening the base of zakah is an innovative move and net addition to the literature of Islamic finance. It contributes greatly to the poverty alleviation movement in the sense that Muslim business entrepreneurs will now find their business zakah fund readily available to finance their social projects aimed at ensuring well-being of the impoverished.
The missing link in the evolution of product design: a strategy roadmap towards product development success
Authors: Sameti Ardalan 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The literature on product design/development (PD) has attempted to understand the consumer but has not provided a comprehensive framework for product marketers and designers. Thus, this paper aims to compile and link the main topics in the literature on PD to create a foundation for strategic development in this field.

Design/methodology/approach
This research adopted a “fit-for-purpose” methodology, a cross-referencing method and a meta-narrative approach that are appropriate for reviewing studies in a field involving complex topics and areas in which the literature is still developing.

Findings
To enhance the quality of product development, there is a need for PD strategy based on a clear understanding of many factors: the consumer; the complex interrelations among a product’s values, dimensions and personalities; PD theories; and other related variables.

Practical implications
This study found that PD studies should concentrate more on codifying strategies to enhance product development success. This is particularly important in view of consumers’ varied and changeable tastes in the global market and the differing insights of product marketers and designers.

Originality/value
This comprehensive systematic review is a unique study that contributes to future business-to-consumer and business-to-business research by compiling scattered and hidden strategies, theories and variables in the PD/development literature.
Secondary streptococcal infection following influenza
Authors: Okahashi Nobuo , Sumitomo Tomoko , Nakata Masanobu , Kawabata Shigetada 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSecondary bacterial infection following influenza type A virus (IAV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality during influenza epidemics. Streptococcus pneumoniae has been identified as a predominant pathogen in secondary pneumonia cases that develop following influenza. Although IAV has been shown to enhance susceptibility to the secondary bacterial infection, the underlying mechanism of the viral–bacterial synergy leading to disease progression is complex and remains elusive. In this review, cooperative interactions of viruses and streptococci during co‐ or secondary infection with IAV are described. IAV infects the upper respiratory tract, therefore, streptococci that inhabit or infect the respiratory tract are of special interest. As many excellent reviews on the co‐infection of IAV and S. pneumoniae have already been published, this review is intended to describe the unique interactions between other streptococci and IAV. Both streptococcal and IAV infections modulate the host epithelial barrier of the respiratory tract in various ways. IAV infection directly disrupts epithelial barriers, though at the same time the virus modifies the properties of infected cells to enhance streptococcal adherence and invasion. Mitis group streptococci produce neuraminidases, which promote IAV infection in a unique manner. The studies reviewed here have revealed intriguing mechanisms underlying secondary streptococcal infection following influenza.
Nitrogen enrichment and warming shift community functional composition via distinct mechanisms: The role of intraspecific trait variability and species turnover
Authors: Wang Xiaoyi , Yan Xuebin , Huang Kailing , Luo Xi , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhou Luyao , Yang Fei , Xu Xiaohong , Zhou Xianhui , Niu Kechang , Guo Hui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Global change factors may shift community functional composition by driving species turnover (species occurrence and species relative abundance) and intraspecific trait variability. However, their relative contribution in determining the functional response of community to global change, especially nitrogen enrichment and warming, remains unclear.

We conducted a fully factorial field experiment in a Tibetan alpine meadow to examine the responses of plant community functional composition to nitrogen enrichment and warming by quantifying seven plant functional traits in each plot. Using the sum of squares decomposition, we further disentangled the relative contribution of intraspecific trait variability and species turnover to changes in community functional composition.

We found that nitrogen enrichment caused a shift of plant community towards a more resource‐acquisitive strategy, while warming resulted in a shift towards a more resource‐conservative strategy. Plant intraspecific trait variability controls shifts in community functional composition in response to nitrogen enrichment, whereas species turnover (especially change in species relative abundance) mainly explains warming‐induced shifts. Nitrogen enrichment and warming did not show significant interactive effects on plant functional composition.

These findings suggest that nitrogen enrichment and warming can alter community functional composition of alpine meadow through distinct mechanisms. Plant intraspecific trait variability confers functional resilience of Tibetan alpine meadows under nitrogen enrichment, but warming could induce significant turnover of species that pronouncedly impacts community functioning in this highland ecosystem.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Preparation and partial pharmacodynamic studies of luliconazole ethosomes
Authors: Lin Biwen , Wang Wenjuan , Ba Wei , Li Hengjin , Fan Jianfeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs a drug carrier, ethosome is found to be efficient in delivering drug to the deep skin layers through stratum corneum, and the purpose of this paper is to develop luridazole ethosomes acting as an optimal choice for transdermal antifungal drugs. The luliconazole ethosomes were prepared by thin‐film hydration, and evaluated for morphology, size, entrapment efficiency (EE), stability and deformability. In vitro, the transdermal experiment was performed on excised rat skin by Franz diffusion cell, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was applied to determine antifungal activity. In vivo, the irritation of luliconazole ethosomes was also observed in rats. The luliconazole ethosomes were prepared with 5% (w/v) lecithin, 45% (v/v) ethanol and 8‐min ultrasound, and characterised with small and uniform particle size, high EE of about 70%. These ethosomes possessed good deformability, were stable and affected by light and high temperature. The cumulative amount permeated of different dosage forms at 48 h from high to low was: ethosome > ointment > liposome > hydroalcoholic solution (p < 0.05), and the sum of the luliconazole retention of skin from high to low at 48 h was: ethosome/ointment > liposome > hydroalcoholic solution (p < 0.05). In the antifungal experiment, the MICs from high to low were: hydroalcoholic solution > liposome > ethosome (p < 0.05), and Trichoderma was more sensitive to luliconazole than Candida. There was no skin irritation observed after treatment of luliconazole ethosomes. The luliconazole ethosomes are firstly prepared in our study, which have little stimulation, better permeation effect and antifungal activity, offering a new perspective for choosing clinical antifungal drugs in the Department of Dermatology.
Necrostatin‐1 mitigates renal ischaemia–reperfusion injury ‐ time dependent ‐ via aborting the interacting protein kinase (RIPK‐1)‐induced inflammatory immune response
Authors: Ashour Hend , Hashem Heba A. , Khowailed Akef A. , Rashed Laila A. , Hassan Randa M. , Soliman Ayman S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe recently defined necroptosis process participates in the pathophysiology of several tissue injuries. Targeting the necroptosis mediator receptor‐interacting protein kinase (RIPK1) by necrostatin‐1 in different phases of ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) may provide new insight into the protection against renal IRI. The rat groups included (n = 8 in each group): 1) Sham; 2) Renal IRI; 3) Necrostatin‐1 treatment 20 min before ischaemia induction in a dose of 1.65 mg/kg/intravenous; 4) Necrostatin‐1 injection just before reperfusion; 5) Necrostatin‐1 injection 20 min after reperfusion establishment; and 6) drug injection at both the pre‐ischaemia and at reperfusion time in the same dose. Timing dependent, necrostatin‐1 diminished RIPK1 (p < 0.001), and aborted the necroptosis‐induced renal cell injury. Necrostatin‐1 decreased the renal chemokine (CXCL1), interleukin‐6, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM‐1), myeloperoxidase, and the nuclear factor (NFκB), concomitant with reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), inflammatory cell infiltration, and diminished cell death represented by apoptotic cell count and the BAX/Bcl2 protein ratio. In group 6, the cell injury was minimal and the renal functions (creatinine, BUN and creatinine clearance) were almost normalised. The inflammatory markers were diminished (p < 0.001) compared to the IRI group. The results were confirmed by histopathological examination. In conclusion, RIPK1 inhibition ameliorates the inflammatory immune response induced by renal IRI. The use of two doses was more beneficial as the pathophysiology of cell injury is characterised.
Experiential knowledge in mental health services: Analysing the enactment of expertise in peer support
Authors: Kirkegaard Sine 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe shift towards recovery‐oriented mental health care has led to the extensive growth of peer support in contemporary service delivery. When enacting peer support, peer workers (PWs) use their lived experiences of mental illness to provide support to individuals experiencing mental health difficulties. While PWs are increasingly an integrated part of mental health services, the way in which peer support unfolds in everyday practices remains understudied. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork from Danish mental health centres, this paper investigates how peer workers and users enact experiential knowledge and expertise to support one another. Theoretically, this paper draws on a micro‐sociological approach that comprehends expertise as an interactional accomplishment enacted within institutional arrangements. First, the analysis shows how PWs and users develop affective relations based on shared illness experiences that enable the enactment of expertise. Second, it demonstrates how PWs and users engage in these relations by exchanging sympathy and knowledge according to different situational demands. Third, it shows how experiences of relational limitations make service users contest the value of experiential knowledge and PWs' position as valid experts. Centrally, this paper contributes to a general discussion of expertise and the implications of bringing lived experiences into mental health services.
Durable response to durvalumab‐based immunochemotherapy in small‐cell lung carcinoma transformation from EGFR‐mutant non–small cell lung cancer: A case report
Authors: Li Yu‐Chung 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCombined small‐cell lung carcinoma (C‐SCLC) is small‐cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) with added non–small‐cell morphology. We report a case of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation‐positive C‐SCLC in an 84‐year‐old patient with metastatic brain lesions who developed intrinsic resistance to osimertinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). The patient was diagnosed with small‐cell transformation of non–small‐cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and received 6 cycles of dose‐adjusted durvalumab with etoposide and carboplatin. In December 2021, the patient received the seventeenth cycle of maintenance durvalumab 19 months after diagnosis and showed continued treatment response and disease control. Comprehensive molecular profiling and repeated biopsies are recommended in NSCLC patients who progress on first‐line EGFR‐TKIs. Durvalumab in combination with chemotherapy appears to be beneficial for EGFR mutation‐positive C‐SCLC patients that are resistant to TKIs.
Mental health in people with minority sexual orientations: A meta‐analysis of population‐based studies
Authors: Wittgens Charlotte , Fischer Mirjam M. , Buspavanich Pichit , Theobald Sabrina , Schweizer Katinka , Trautmann Sebastian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsTo conduct a meta‐analysis of population‐based studies to quantify the association between sexual minority status (lesbian women, gay men, and bisexual people) and the risk of common mental disorders (depressive disorders, alcohol use disorders (AUD), anxiety disorders, and suicidality).MethodPubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library Database, the Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, and ProQuest were searched for relevant studies published between 2000 and May 2020. The PRISMA guidelines were followed for selection processes. Twenty‐six studies met the inclusion criteria which included a total of 519,414 heterosexuals, 10,178 lesbian/gay people and 14,410 bisexual people.ResultsLesbian/gay people (ORs between 1.97, 95% [CI = 1.76, 2.19] and 2.89, 95% [CI = 2.41,3.38]) and bisexual people (ORs between 2.70; 95% [CI = 2.21,3.18], and 4.81; 95% [CI = 3.63, 5.99]) had a higher risk for mental disorders than heterosexuals for all investigated diagnostic categories. The risk for depression (OR = 2.70; 95% [CI = 2.21, 3.18]) and suicidality (OR = 4.81; 95% [CI = 3.63, 5.99]) was higher in bisexual compared with lesbian/gay people. Exploratory meta‐regressions revealed no evidence for a decrease in mental health differences between people with minority sexual orientations and heterosexuals in more recent years of data assessment, except for AUD.ConclusionsThese findings clearly suggest disparities in mental health between people with minority sexual orientations and heterosexual people. There is a lack of data regarding a wider spectrum of sexual orientations and mental disorders and studies in non‐Western countries.
A Dynamic Measure of Bureaucratic Reputation: New Data for New Theory
Authors: Bellodi Luca 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBureaucratic reputation is one of the most important concepts used to understand the behavior of administrative agencies and their interactions with multiple audiences. Despite a rich theoretical literature discussing reputation, we do not have a comparable measure across agencies, between countries, and over time. I present a new strategy to measure bureaucratic reputation from legislative speeches with word‐embedding techniques. I introduce an original dataset on the reputation of 465 bureaucratic bodies over a period of 40 years, and across two countries—the U.S. and the U.K. I perform several validation tests and present an application of this method to investigate whether partisanship and agency politicization matter for reputation. I find that agencies enjoy a better reputation among the members of the party in government, with partisan differences less pronounced for independent bodies. Finally, I discuss how this measurement strategy can contribute to classical and new questions about political–administrative interactions.
Promoting maker‐centred instruction through virtual professional development activities for K‐12 teachers in low‐income rural areas
Authors: Chen Ye , Cao Li 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith an increased interest in makerspace in K‐12 education, professional development (PD) is needed to equip teachers with the knowledge, skills and dispositions to effectively incorporate makerspace and maker technology in teaching. This study examined a virtual PD programme to improve K‐12 teachers' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs in teaching with maker technology. Data were collected from 43 in‐service schoolteachers through project artefacts, survey questionnaires and reflection journals. Results of the qualitative and quantitative analyses show that the PD experience effectively improved participants' knowledge in maker technology and the associated pedagogy, as well as their attitudes and beliefs towards teaching with maker technology. Implications for designing and implementing a virtual maker‐centred teacher PD programme and directions for future research are discussed.
Practitioner notesWhat is currently known about this topic

Makerspaces and maker technology have been increasingly introduced to K‐12 settings to promote student learning.
Teachers struggle to effectively design and implement maker‐centred instruction.
Empirical research was very limited on preparing in‐service teachers for maker‐centred instruction.
Maker resource deficiency in rural areas and the COVID‐19 pandemic added pressure for researchers and educators to develop alternative models for digitalizing maker‐centred professional development (PD).
What this paper adds

This study designed and implemented virtual maker‐centred PD activities to prepare K‐12 schoolteachers for integrating maker technology in classroom teaching.
Both quantitative and qualitative results show that virtual maker‐centred PD activities significantly improved teachers' knowledge of maker technology and the associated pedagogy, and also improved their attitudes and beliefs toward teaching with maker technology.
This paper provides a practical example of how maker‐centred PD for in‐service teachers could be accomplished through a virtual programme.
Implications for practitioners

It is beneficial for teachers to have hands‐on experience through making to better understand what maker technology can do and what the learning process is in making.
Domain and context‐specific making contributed to the development of making‐associated pedagogy skills, as well as attitudes and beliefs towards maker technology.
PD programmes should focus on maker knowledge and skills first to improve teachers' attitudes and beliefs.
For at‐a‐distance making, it is important to provide access to a collection of tools and give teachers an immersive experience in an authentic makerspace.
Who “it” is influences what “it” does: Discourse effects on children's syntactic parsing
Authors: Huang Yi Ting , Ovans Zoe 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChildren often interpret first noun phrases (NP1s) as agents, which improves comprehension of actives but hinders passives. While children sometimes withhold the agent‐first bias, the reasons remain unclear. The current study tests the hypothesis that children default to the agent‐first bias as a “best guess” of role assignment when they face uncertainty about sentence properties. Thus, rather than always relying on early‐arriving cues, children can attend to different sentence cues across communicative contexts. To test this account, we manipulated interpretive uncertainty by varying cues to the discourse status of initial arguments (referring to new vs. given entities) and measured interpretation accuracy for active (where the agent‐first bias predicted verb morphology) and passive sentences (where the two conflicted). Across three experiments, we found that children relied on the agent‐first bias more when new discourse entities were signaled by definite NP1s, reference to unmentioned entities, and novel words. This, in turn, led to higher accuracy for actives relative to passives. In contrast, when given entities were implied through pronoun NP1s, reference to mentioned entities, and known words, children avoided the agent‐first bias and instead assigned roles using more reliable but later‐arriving verb morphology. This led to similar comprehension accuracy across constructions. These findings suggest that children simultaneously interpret relations between sentences (e.g., discourse continuity) and within sentences (e.g., role assignment), such that commitments to the former can influence parsing cues for the latter.
ERp44 is required for endocardial cushion development by regulating VEGFA secretion in myocardium
Authors: Bi Youkun , Yang Zhiguang , Jin Meng , Zhai Kui , Wang Jun , Mao Yang , Liu Yang , Ding Mingqin , Wang Huiwen , Wang Fengchao , Cai Hong , Ji Guangju 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesEndocardial cushions are precursors of the valve septum complex that separates the four heart chambers. Several genes have been implicated in the development of endocardial cushions. Specifically, ERp44 has been found to play a role in the early secretory pathway, but its function in heart development has not been well studied.Materials and MethodsIn this study, we established conditional and tissue‐specific knockout mouse models. The morphology, survival rate, the development of heart and endocardial cushion were under evaluation. The relationship between ERp44 and VEGFA was investigated by transcriptome, qPCR, WB, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry.ResultsERp44 knockout (KO) mice were smaller in size, and most mice died during early postnatal life. KO hearts exhibited the typical phenotypes of congenital heart diseases, such as abnormal heart shapes and severe septal and valvular defects. Similar phenotypes were found in cTNT‐Cre+/−; ERp44fl/fl mice, which indicated that myocardial ERp44 principally controls endocardial cushion formation. Further studies demonstrated that the deletion of ERp44 significantly decreased the proliferation of cushion cells and impaired the endocardial‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which was followed by endocardial cushion dysplasia. Finally, we found that ERp44 was directly bound to VEGFA and controlled its release, further regulating EndMT.ConclusionWe demonstrated that ERp44 plays a specific role in heart development. ERp44 contributes to the development of the endocardial cushion by affecting VEGFA‐mediated EndMT.