bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TFRC upregulation promotes ferroptosis in CVB3 infection via nucleus recruitment of Sp1
Authors: Yi Lu , Hu Yanan , Wu Zhixiang , Li Ying , Kong Min , Kang Zhijuan , Zuoyuan Bojiao , Yang Zuocheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCVB3 is a single positive-strand enterovirus, and a common pathogen in myocarditis etiology. Although a number of antiviral candidates are under development, specific targeted therapy is not available for CVB3. Ferroptosis is a new type of regulatory cell death discovered in recent years. In this study, our team provided the first evidence that ferroptosis existed in CVB3 infection in vivo and in vitro by iron overload, and massive accumulation of lipid peroxides. Mechanistically, we construct a classical model of HeLa cells following a time-course infection (6, 12, 24, 36, 48 h) with CVB3 (MOI = 10). We demonstrated that the TFRC gene plays an important role in promoting ferroptosis in CVB3 infection and downregulation of TFRC attenuated the ferroptosis. Interestingly, we observed that TFRC was nuclear translocation induced by the CVB3, which was predominantly localized in the cell membrane, but redistributed to the nucleus during CVB3 infection. Moreover, we found that the transcription factor Sp1 was an essential factor that could bind to the TFRC promoter and upregulate the TFRC transcription. Collectively, these results suggest that the Sp1/TFRC/Fe axis may provide a new target for the development of therapies against CVB3 infection.
Single-cell atlas of keratoconus corneas revealed aberrant transcriptional signatures and implicated mechanical stretch as a trigger for keratoconus pathogenesis
Authors: Dou Shengqian , Wang Qun , Zhang Bin , Wei Chao , Wang Huijin , Liu Ting , Duan Haoyun , Jiang Hui , Liu Mingna , Qi Xiaolin , Zhou Qingjun , Xie Lixin , Shi Weiyun , Gao Hua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractKeratoconus is a common ectatic corneal disorder in adolescents and young adults that can lead to progressive visual impairment or even legal blindness. Despite the high prevalence, its etiology is not fully understood. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) analysis on 39,214 cells from central corneas of patients with keratoconus and healthy individuals, to define the involvement of each cell type during disease progression. We confirmed the central role of corneal stromal cells in this disease, where dysregulation of collagen and extracellular matrix (ECM) occurred. Differential gene expression and histological analyses revealed two potential novel markers for keratoconus stromal cells, namely CTSD and CTSK. Intriguingly, we detected elevated levels of YAP1 and TEAD1, the master regulators of biomechanical homeostasis, in keratoconus stromal cells. Cyclical mechanical experiments implicated the mechanical stretch in prompting protease production in corneal stromal cells during keratoconus progression. In the epithelial cells of keratoconus corneas, we observed reduced basal cells and abnormally differentiated superficial cells, unraveling the corneal epithelial lesions that were usually neglected in clinical diagnosis. In addition, several elevated cytokines in immune cells of keratoconus samples supported the involvement of inflammatory response in the progression of keratoconus. Finally, we revealed the dysregulated cell-cell communications in keratoconus, and found that only few ligand-receptor interactions were gained but a large fraction of interactional pairs was erased in keratoconus, especially for those related to protease inhibition and anti-inflammatory process. Taken together, this study facilitates the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying keratoconus pathogenesis, providing insights into keratoconus diagnosis and potential interventions.
Malaria parasite heme biosynthesis promotes and griseofulvin protects against cerebral malaria in mice
Authors: Chandana Manjunatha , Anand Aditya , Ghosh Sourav , Das Rahul , Beura Subhashree , Jena Sarita , Suryawanshi Amol Ratnakar , Padmanaban Govindarajan , Nagaraj Viswanathan Arun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHeme-biosynthetic pathway of malaria parasite is dispensable for asexual stages, but essential for mosquito and liver stages. Despite having backup mechanisms to acquire hemoglobin-heme, pathway intermediates and/or enzymes from the host, asexual parasites express heme pathway enzymes and synthesize heme. Here we show heme synthesized in asexual stages promotes cerebral pathogenesis by enhancing hemozoin formation. Hemozoin is a parasite molecule associated with inflammation, aberrant host-immune responses, disease severity and cerebral pathogenesis. The heme pathway knockout parasites synthesize less hemozoin, and mice infected with knockout parasites are protected from cerebral malaria and death due to anemia is delayed. Biosynthetic heme regulates food vacuole integrity and the food vacuoles from knockout parasites are compromised in pH, lipid unsaturation and proteins, essential for hemozoin formation. Targeting parasite heme synthesis by griseofulvin—a FDA-approved antifungal drug, prevents cerebral malaria in mice and provides an adjunct therapeutic option for cerebral and severe malaria.
Higher hair cortisol concentrations associated with shorter leukocyte telomere length in high-risk young adults
Authors: Bürgin David , Varghese Nimmy , Eckert Anne , Clemens Vera , Unternährer Eva , Boonmann Cyril , O’Donovan Aoife , Schmid Marc 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChronic stress is associated with accelerated biological aging as indexed by short age-adjusted leukocyte telomere length (LTL). Exploring links of biological stress responses with LTL has proved challenging due to the lack of biological measures of chronic psychological stress. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) has emerged as a measure of chronic hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis activation, allowing the examination of relationships between aggregate cortisol concentrations over time and LTL. Our sample includes 92 participants (38% women, Mage = 26 ± 3.7 years) from a high-risk sample of young adults with previous residential care placements. Two cm hair was collected for HCC, reflecting approximately eight weeks of cortisol secretion. LTL was measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in whole blood samples. All samples for LTL were run in triplicate and assayed twice. Linear and polynomial regression models were used to describe the association between HCC and LTL, adjusting for age and sex. HCC and LTL showed negative associations (std. ß = − 0.67, 95% CI [− 0.83, − 0.52], p < .001) in age- and sex-adjusted analyses, indicating that higher HCCs are associated with shorter LTL. Using polynomial regression, we found a curvilinear relationship indicating a stronger negative association at lower cortisol concentrations. Higher HCCs were associated with shorter LTL, supporting the hypothesized involvement of prolonged cortisol secretion in telomere attrition. Thus, HCC may prove useful as a biological indicator of chronic stress associated with aging-related processes in samples exposed to high levels of stress.
Chemometrics, health risk assessment and probable sources of soluble total petroleum hydrocarbons in atmospheric rainwater, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Omokpariola Daniel Omeodisemi , Nduka John Kanayochukwu , Kelle Henrietta Ijeoma , Mgbemena Nkoli MaryAnn , Iduseri Emily Osa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTotal petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs)—(aliphatic and aromatic) were analysed for in atmospheric rainwater between April–June; July–August; September–October depicting early, mid, late rain of 2019. Sampling at Rumuodomaya/Rumuodome and Ogale in Rivers State using basins fastened to a Table 2M above ground and 120 M from high features, Rainwater was analysed after treatment using Agilent GC-FID. Results show cumulative TPHs at R/R were 56.6551 mg/L, 39.5201 mg/L and 7.2283 mg/L, Ogale: 9.1217 mg/L, 59.4923 mg/L and 21.9825 mg/L. Aliphatic hydrocarbons: C5–C8 were < 1, low contamination, other carbon aggregates (C9–C16, C17–C35, and C36–C40) indicate high contamination. Chemometric assessment showed high contamination. TPHs aggregates at Rumuodomaya/Rumuodome were–C8–C11 (1.034 and 1.005) early rain, C18–C25 and C26–C33 has Carbon preference index of 1.287 and 1.630 (mid-rain), C26–C33 has CPI of 1.288 (late-rain), Ogale area, C26–C33 has CPI of 1.732 (early-rain), mid-rain C8–C11 (2.768) and C12–C17 (5.368). Pristane/phytane ratio indicated biogenic and pyrogenic sources. Average carbon length of TPHs for odd n-alkanes were C9–C11 (9.446) and C35–C39 (38.980), C9–C11(10.238), C35–C39 (36.510); C9–C11 (10.240) and C35–C39 (36.934). Average daily intake depicted possible health issues for children and adults as hazard index > 1 for aromatics.
Coordinated motions of multiple robotic manipulators with matrix-weighted network
Authors: Zhao Liyun , Ren Yan , Wang Rui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses coordinated problem of uncertain robotic manipulators with matrix-weighted network. Given interconnections between agents are weighted by nonnegative definite matrices, we present a sufficient and necessary condition about zero eigenvalues of matrix-weighted Laplacian and types of coordinated behaviors for multiple agents. Based on the condition, two novel control schemes are proposed for the networked robots by introducing matrix-weighted network. We employ the decomposition approach and Lyapunov-like approach to show coordinated motions of the networked system, and demonstrate that the proposed controls are capable of ensuring the robotic agents reach complete/cluster consensus and complete/cluster synchronization. Finally, some numerical examples and simulations demonstrate the obtained theoretical results.
Robust sliding-Backstepping mode control of a wind system based on the DFIG generator
Authors: Echiheb Farah , Ihedrane Yasmine , Bossoufi Badre , Bouderbala Manale , Motahhir Saad , Masud Mehedi , Aljahdali Sultan , ElGhamrasni Madiha 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a new contribution in the field of the optimization of the techniques of control of the wind systems and the improvement of the quality of energy produced in the grid. The Sliding Mode control technique gives quite interesting results, but its major drawback lies in the phenomenon of chattering (oscillations), which reduces the system's precision. We propose in this work a solution to cancel this chattering phenomenon by the implication of the adaptive Backstepping technique to control the powers of the double-fed asynchronous generator (DFIG) connected to the electrical network by two converters (network side and side machine) in the nominal part of the sliding mode model. This hybrid technique will correct errors of precision and stability and the performance of the wind system obtained in terms of efficiency, active and reactive power is significant. First, a review of the wind system was presented. Then, an exhaustive explanation of the Backstepping technique based on the Lyapunov stability and optimization method has been reported. Subsequently, a validation on the Matlab & Simulink environment was carried out to test the performance and robustness of the proposed model. The results obtained from this work, either by follow-up or robustness tests, show a significant performance improvement compared to other control techniques.
Hierarchical porous carbon foam electrodes fabricated from waste polyurethane elastomer template for electric double-layer capacitors
Authors: Udayakumar Mahitha , Tóth Pál , Wiinikka Henrik , Malhotra Jaskaran Singh , Likozar Blaz , Gyergyek Saso , Leskó Anett Katalin , Thangaraj Ravikumar , Németh Zoltán 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlastic waste has become a major global environmental concern. The utilization of solid waste-derived porous carbon for energy storage has received widespread attention in recent times. Herein, we report the comparison of electrochemical performance of porous carbon foams (CFs) produced from waste polyurethane (PU) elastomer templates via two different activation pathways. Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) fabricated from the carbon foam exhibited a gravimetric capacitance of 74.4 F/g at 0.1 A/g. High packing density due to the presence of carbon spheres in the hierarchical structure offered excellent volumetric capacitance of 134.7 F/cm3 at 0.1 A/g. Besides, the CF-based EDLCs exhibited Coulombic efficiency close to 100% and showed stable cyclic performance for 5000 charge–discharge cycles with good capacitance retention of 97.7% at 3 A/g. Low equivalent series resistance (1.05 Ω) and charge transfer resistance (0.23 Ω) due to the extensive presence of hydroxyl functional groups contributed to attaining high power (48.89 kW/kg). Based on the preferred properties such as high specific surface area, hierarchical pore structure, surface functionalities, low metallic impurities, high conductivity and desirable capacitive behaviour, the CF prepared from waste PU elastomers have shown potential to be adopted as electrodes in EDLCs.
Surface wave tomography using dense 3D data around the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua, Italy
Authors: Barone Ilaria , Cassiani Giorgio , Ourabah Amine , Boaga Jacopo , Pavoni Mirko , Deiana Rita 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA dense single-node 3D seismic survey has been carried out around the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua (Italy), in order to give new insights about the archaeological setting of the area. The survey made use of nearly 1500 vertical nodes deployed over two rectangular grids. 38 shot positions were fired all around the two receiver patches. The fundamental mode Rayleigh wave signal is here analysed: traveltimes are directly inferred from the signal phases, and phase velocity maps are obtained using Eikonal tomography. Also surface wave amplitudes are used, to produce autospectrum gradient maps. The joint analysis of phase velocity and autospectrum gradient allowed the identification of several buried features, among which possible remains of radial walls of the adjacent Roman amphitheater, structures belonging to a medieval convent, and the root area of an eradicated tree. Finally, depth inversion of 1D dispersion curves allowed the reconstruction of a quasi-3D shear-wave velocity model.
Research on electrothermal characteristics of metal oxide varistor based on multi‐physical fields
Authors: Zhou Qibin , Huang Xin , Cao Ting , Shao Bin , Liu Yabin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe electrothermal characteristics of metal oxide varistor (MOV), closely related to its microstructure, are important for studying its failure mechanism. This paper proposes an improved MOV microstructure model based on the Voronoi network for simulating the electrothermal behaviour of MOV. With the proposed model, not only the simulation accuracy under constant electrical stress can be improved, but also the simulation of MOV under time‐dependent electrical stress (a.c. or impulse) can be realized. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data. In addition, according to the electrothermal characteristics of MOV microstructure and the failure phenomenon of MOV in the experiments, the failure mechanism of MOV under different electrical stresses is analysed and discussed. It is found that the serious local heating caused by current concentration and thermal stress caused by huge temperature gradient are the main reasons for the MOV failure. This paper provides an effective method for the study of MOV electrothermal characteristics and theoretical reference for the performance improvement of MOV.
Flexible DC distribution line protection principle based on distance metric of clustering centres
Authors: Dai Zhihui , Liu Shanshan , Chen Siqi , Zhao Jian , Wu Tong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAiming at the issue of unsatisfactory selectivity of single‐terminal protection, and poor speed and high requirements for data synchronization of double‐terminal protection in flexible DC distribution networks, an artificial intelligence (AI)‐based method is proposed to obtain the best clustering centres through unsupervised clustering analysis of historical data to realize the non‐deterministic flexible DC distribution line protection principle. The method forms historical data samples by simulating different types of short‐circuit faults at different locations of the line in advance, combining them with the actual faults, and collecting and processing the post‐fault currents. The K‐means clustering algorithm is then used to find the best clustering centres corresponding to different fault types, and fault identification and pole selection are realized by comparing the distance between real‐time data and each clustering centre. The process relies merely on single‐terminal current as the characteristic quantity, and it does not need complicated feature extraction and calculation. Thus, the cumbersome threshold setting in conventional current protections can be avoided. Finally, the case studies are carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the results show that the proposed protection has good selectivity and rapidity, and the tolerance to fault resistance is improved compared with the conventional local‐current‐based protections.
Comparative results between the number of subtrees and Wiener index of graphs
Authors: Xu Kexiang , Li Jie , Luo Zuwen 
Published: July 2022

For a graph G, we denote by N(G) the number of non-empty subtrees of G. If G is connected, its Wiener index W(G) is the sum of distances between all unordered pairs of vertices of G. In this paper we establish some comparative results between N and W. It is shown that N(G) > W(G) if G is a graph of order n ≥ 7 and diameter 2 or 3. Also some graphs are constructed with large diameters and N > W. Moreover, for a tree T ≇ Sn of order n, we prove that W(T) > N(T) if T is a starlike tree with maximum degree 3 or a tree with exactly two vertices of maximum degrees 3 one of which has two leaf neighbors, or a broom with klog2 n leaves. And a method is provided for constructing the graphs with N < W. Finally several related open problems are proposed to the comparison between N and W.
Buspirone Ameliorates Colon Inflammation in TNBS-Induced Rat Acute
Colitis: The Involvement of TLR4/NF-kB Pathway
Authors: Rashidian Amir , Mohammadi Sina , Hamaneh Amirabbas Mohammadi , Chaboki Alireza , Shayan Maryam , Sheibani Mohammad , Abdollahi Alireza , Yousefi-Manesh Hasan , Dehpour Ahmad Reza 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory situation involving the whole
digestive system. This illness includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s
disease. According to scientific research, the immune system plays an essential
part in developing this disease. Recently, buspirone has been discovered to have
anti-inflammatory properties. As a result, this research aims to see if
buspirone provides anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of TNBS-induced
colitis. Control, TNBS, dexamethasone (2 mg/kg), and buspirone
(5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) were randomly given to six groups of 36
male Wistar rats. Colitis was induced by intrarectal instillation of TNBS in all
research groups except the control group, and rats were meliorated with
dexamethasone and buspirone. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions appeared after
colitis induction, while therapy with dexamethasone and buspirone significantly
improved the lesions. TLR4 and pNF-κB expression were also enhanced
during colitis induction. On the other hand, the administration of dexamethasone
or buspirone resulted in a considerable reduction in their expression. Tissue
TNF-α and MPO activity were enhanced after induction of colitis in terms
of biochemical variables; however, administration of dexamethasone or buspirone
reduced TNF-α and MPO activity. Eventually, in an animal model of severe
colitis, buspirone displayed anti-inflammatory characteristics via lowering the
TLR4/NF-ĸB signaling pathway’s activity in an animal
model of acute colitis.
Wheelchair User’s Satisfaction and its Impact on Physical
Activity and Quality of Life in People with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Mehmood Beenish , Ali Iftikhar , Daud Syeda Afsheen , Ilyas Syed Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) survivors rely greatly on assistive
devices, spending around 9–11 hours daily in a wheelchair. It
can act both as a barrier and facilitator, positively impacting their mobility,
community participation, quality of life (QOL) and functional independence
provided the device is satisfactory. However, there is a paucity of information
on the level of user satisfication and its impact on the mobility and well
being. Keeping in view the present study was conducted to determine the level of
wheelchair user’s satisfaction and its impact on physical activity and
QOL in SCI.
Methods A cross sectional study with a sample of 130 was conducted at
Paraplegic Center, Peshawar using “Quebec User Evaluation of
Satisfaction with assistive Technology (QUEST)” for wheelchair
user’s satisfaction, “Physical Activity Scale for Individuals
with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD) for physical activity and World Health
Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) for QOL.
Results Mean age of the study participants was 32.48±11.96 years.
The majority of the participants were males, with most of them being manual
wheelchair users. Nearly 80% were regular users. The calculated mean for
the QUEST was 3.23±0.51 while 24.49±27.66 for the PASIPD. For
the WHOQOL-BREF the calculated median (IQR) in the environmental 56.00 (19.00)
and psychological 56.00 (12.00) domain was highest followed by physical domain
50.00(19.00). No significant correlation between participant’s
satisfaction level (for wheelchair), and PASIPD (rs=0.054,
p=0.541) was observed. On the other hand significant positive
correlation was found between physical (rs=0.394,
p<0.001), social (rs=0.303, p<0.001) and
environmental domain (rs=0.425, p<0.001) except
psychological domain (rs=0.156, p=0.076) of QOL.
Conclusion The majority of the participants showed moderate levels of
satisfication and the impact was observed on the physical, social and
environmental domains of QOL. Appropriate wheelchairs enhancing the QOL
therefore special measures should be taken to customize the device to the body
structure and needs of the customers as anything that can improve their lives
even to a minor extent can prove very helpful.
Lateral Patellar Luxations following Bilateral Hip Joint Replacement in a Dog
Authors: Simlett-Moss Angharad , Arthurs Gareth , Schiborra Frederike , Comerford Eithne 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA 2-year-old male neutered crossbreed was presented with a 7-month history of left pelvic limb lameness. Following a diagnosis of bilateral hip dysplasia, staged hybrid total hip replacements (THR) were performed 16 months apart. An ipsilateral grade II lateral patellar luxation (LPL) developed within 24 hours after each THR. Both LPLs were successfully treated by block recession sulcoplasty. Subjective gait analysis showed an abnormal pelvic limb gait following each THR. Clinical examination detected a grade II LPL on each operated limb. Computed tomography of both pelvic limbs revealed mild trochlear sulcus hypoplasia but no other skeletal abnormalities. Trochlear block recession sulcoplasty was performed 10 and 4 weeks respectively after THR. Long-term follow-up 12 months after the last surgery found minimal (0–1/10) lameness, no pain on clinical examination in both PLs and an overall low client-based metrology instrument mobility score of 2 (Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs). This case report documents that in predisposed dogs, with hypoplastic trochlear ridges, LPL can occur secondary to THR and can be successfully managed by standard techniques to address the luxation. Furthermore, despite anecdotal verbal reports of medial patellar luxation occurring secondary to THR in dogs, this is the first published report of the management of any patellar luxation subsequent to THR.