bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Which stem in total hip arthroplasty for developmental hip dysplasia? A comparative study using a 3D CT-based software for pre-operative surgical planning
Authors: Castagnini Francesco , Lucchini Stefano , Bordini Barbara , Cosentino Monica , Pardo Francesco , Traina Francesco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Stem choice in total hip arthroplasty (THA) for hip dysplasia is still controversial. The aims of the study were to evaluate (1) which stem design provided the highest percentage of adequate reconstructions in THA for dysplasia and (2) any correlation between the reconstructions provided by the stems and the native femoral morphology.

Materials and methods
150 CT scans including 200 adult dysplastic hips were randomly selected. Using the 3D CT-based software Hip-Op for surgical planning, the native hip anatomy was studied. Then, a single wedge tapered stem, an anatomical stem and a conical tapered stem were simulated in every hip. An adequate reconstruction of hip biomechanics was obtained when combined anteversion, offset restoration, coronal and sagittal tilt, canal filling and leg lengthening were inside the normal ranges.

Results
Conical stems achieved the highest percentage of adequate reconstructions (87%, p < 0.0001). The anatomical stem was the worst performer. Single wedge and anatomical stem acceptability was mainly influenced by the combined anteversion. Stem anteversion was correlated with the femoral anteversion (fair correlation), the calcar femorale (fair) and the mediolateral femoral diameter at isthmus (poor). When the femoral anteversion was ≥ 25°, combined anteversion was very acceptable for the conical stem (99.2%), whereas the rate of acceptable combined anteversion for the single wedge tapered stem was 71.4%, and that for the anatomical stem was 51.6% (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Stem choice in developmental hip dysplasia is mainly driven by appropriate combined anteversion, which is dependent on the coronal and axial femoral morphologies. As a rule of thumb, tapered stems are adequate when femoral anteversion is < 25°; conical stems should be adopted for higher anteversions.

Level of evidence
IV.
Genome-wide analyses of the mung bean NAC gene family reveals orthologs, co-expression networking and expression profiling under abiotic and biotic stresses
Authors: Tariq Rezwan , Hussain Ammara , Tariq Arslan , Khalid Muhammad Hayder Bin , Khan Imran , Basim Huseyin , Ingvarsson Pär K. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Mung bean is a short-duration and essential food crop owing to its cash prominence in Asia. Mung bean seeds are rich in protein, fiber, antioxidants, and phytonutrients. The NAC transcription factors (TFs) family is a large plant-specific family, participating in tissue development regulation and abiotic and biotic stresses.

Results
In this study, we perform genome-wide comparisons of VrNAC with their homologs from Arabidopsis. We identified 81 NAC transcription factors (TFs) in mung bean genome and named as per their chromosome location. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that VrNACs are broadly distributed in nine groups. Moreover, we identified 20 conserved motifs across the VrNACs highlighting their roles in different biological process. Based on the gene structure of the putative VrNAC and segmental duplication events might be playing a vital role in the expansion of mung bean genome. A comparative phylogenetic analysis of mung bean NAC together with homologs from Arabidopsis allowed us to classify NAC genes into 13 groups, each containing several orthologs and paralogs. Gene ontology (GO) analysis categorized the VrNACs into biological process, cellular components and molecular functions, explaining the functions in different plant physiology processes. A gene co-expression network analysis identified 173 genes involved in the transcriptional network of putative VrNAC genes. We also investigated how miRNAs potentially target VrNACs and shape their interactions with proteins. VrNAC1.4 (Vradi01g03390.1) was targeted by the Vra-miR165 family, including 9 miRNAs. Vra-miR165 contributes to leaf development and drought tolerance. We also performed qRT-PCR on 22 randomly selected VrNAC genes to assess their expression patterns in the NM-98 genotype, widely known for being tolerant to drought and bacterial leaf spot disease.

Conclusions
This genome-wide investigation of VrNACs provides a unique resource for further detailed investigations aimed at predicting orthologs functions and what role the play under abiotic and biotic stress, with the ultimate aim to improve mung bean production under diverse environmental conditions.
Mitral and aortic valve regurgitation following surgical and transcatheter perimembranous ventricular septal defect closure in children and adolescents: midterm outcomes
Authors: Edraki Mohammadreza , Nobakhti Mohammadjavad , Naghshzan Amir , Amoozgar Hamid , Amirghofran Ahmadali , Ghasemzadeh Bahram , Nirooie Elahe , Mehdizadegan Nima , Mohammadi Hamid , Keshavarz Kambiz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (pmVSD), either surgical or percutaneous, might improve or cause new-onset mitral regurgitation (MR) and aortic regurgitation (AR). We aimed to evaluate the changes in MR and AR after pmVSD closure by these two methods.

Material and method
We performed a comparative retrospective data review of all pediatric patients with pmVSDs treated at our institution with surgical or antegrade percutaneous methods from 2014 to 2019 and 146 consecutive patients under 18 years were enrolled. We closely looked at the mitral and aortic valve function after repair. Included patients had no or lower than moderate aortic valve prolapse and baseline normal mitral or aortic valve function or less than moderate MR or AR.

Results
Out of 146 patients, 83 (57%) pmVSDs were closed percutaneously, and 63 (43%) pmVSDs were closed surgically. 80 and 62 patients were included for MR evaluation, and 81 and 62 patients for AR evaluation in percutaneous and surgical groups. The mean follow-up time was 40.48 ± 21.59 months in the surgery group and 20.44 ± 18.66 months in the transcatheter group. Mild to moderate degrees of MR and AR did not change or decreased in most patients. In detail, MR of 70% and AR of 50% of the valves were resolved or decreased in both groups. 13% of patients with no MR developed trivial to mild MR, and 10% of patients with no AR showed mild to moderate AR after pmVSD closure in both methods. There was no significant difference between the two methods regarding emerging new regurgitation or change in the severity of the previous regurgitation.

Conclusion
pmVSD closure usually improves mild to moderate MR and AR to a nearly similar extent in both percutaneous and surgical methods among children and adolescents. It might lead to the onset of new MR or AR in cases with no regurgitation.
Endoscopic ultrasonography guided cutting scar of esophageal stricture after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy
Authors: Zhang Fulong , Xu Jing , Zhu Yuandong , Shi Yan , Wu Bo , Wang Hai , Huang Chaojun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) guiding to cut the scar of esophageal stricture after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS).

Methods
The data of 10 patients with oesophageal stricture after esophageal varices EIS in our hospital from September 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 treated by cutting the scar guided by ultrasonic endoscopy were retrospective, and the efficacy was evaluated.

Results
The dysphagia was obviously relieved in 9 patients during follow-up, and 1 patient suffered dysphagia again after the treatment. There was no complications of perforation, bleeding and infection among the paitents.

Conclusion
EUS guiding to cut the scar of esophageal stricture after EIS was safe and reliable.
Edmonton frailty scale score predicts postoperative delirium: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Sieber Frederick , Gearhart Susan , Bettick Dianne , Wang Nae-Yuh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundFrailty has been associated with postoperative delirium (POD). Studies suggest that the Fried phenotype has a stronger association with POD than the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS) criteria. Although phenotypic frailty is recognized as a good predictor of delirium, the EFS has higher ratings for feasibility in the surgical setting. Thus, our aim was to determine the association between EFS-assessed vulnerability and POD in an elective surgical population of older adults. A secondary aim was to determine which domains assessed by the EFS were closely associated with POD.MethodsAfter IRB approval was received, electronic medical records of surgical patients at our institution were downloaded from 12/1/2018 to 3/1/2020. Inclusion criteria included age ≥ 65 years, preoperative EFS assessment within 6 months of surgery, elective surgery not scheduled for intensive care unit (ICU) stay but followed by at least 1 day postoperative stay, and at least two in-hospital evaluations with the 4 A’s test (arousal, attention, abbreviated mental test-4, acute change [4AT]) on the surgical ward. Vulnerability was determined by EFS score ≥ 6. Patients were stratified into two groups according to highest postoperative 4AT score: 0–3 (no POD) and ≥ 4 (POD). Odds of POD associated with EFS score ≥ 6 were evaluated by using logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsThe dataset included 324 patients. Vulnerability was associated with higher incidence of POD (p = 0.0007, Fisher’s exact). EFS ≥6 was consistently associated with POD in all bivariate models. Vulnerability predicted POD in multivariable modeling (OR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 11.5). Multivariable analysis of EFS domains revealed an overall trend in which higher scores per domain had a higher odds for POD. The strongest association occurred with presence of incontinence (OR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 11.0).ConclusionsEFS criteria for vulnerability predict POD in older, non-ICU patients undergoing elective surgery.
Infectious shock after liposuction
Authors: Lu Jinqiang , Jiang Xiao , Huang Hongyin , Tang Lingzhi , Zou Xinhui , Mao Haoran , Liu Hongwei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Liposuction has become one of the most popular cosmetic surgeries in China. However, few studies have discussed infectious shock caused by C. perfringens as one of the causes of death after liposuction.

Case presentation
A 24-year-old woman was brought to the emergency department (ED) of Guangzhou Chinese Overseas Hospital for treatment. The patient had undergone liposuction in her bilateral lower limbs two days prior. At the ED, the patient was unconscious, and had bilateral equal-sized (diameter, 6 mm) round pupils, no light reflex, a blood pressure (BP) of 71/33 mmHg, a heart rate of 133 bpm, and an SpO2 of 70%. She had bilateral limb swelling, extensive ecchymoses in her lower abdomen and bilateral thighs, local crepitus, blisters, weak pulses on her femoral artery and dorsalis pedis, high skin tension, and hemoglobin of 32 g/L. The patient was diagnosed with Clostridium perfringens infection, and she underwent debridement surgery and supportive treatment. But the patient’s BP could not improve. At 8:28 pm on the day of admission, the patient was declared clinically dead after the electrocardiograph showed a horizontal line and spontaneous respiration ceased.

Conclusions
Failure to meet surgical disinfection and environmental standards may be the cause of infection of C. perfringens through wounds. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the environmental disinfection of the operating room, and standardize the sterile conditions of the operation staff and patients before and during operation. Liposuction surgery necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but fatal complications, especially if diagnosis delay, therefore it is critical for early diagnosis and treatment of gas gangrene.
A case of Streptococcus canis bacteremia, osteomyelitis, sacroiliitis, myositis, and abscess
Authors: Van Tol A. L. , Tang B. , Mackie I. D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Streptococcus canis is a group G beta-hemolytic Streptococcus species which normally resides on the skin and mucosal surfaces of dogs. Although it rarely causes infection in humans, our case and review of relevant literature demonstrate that this multi-host pathogen may be responsible for metastatic infection. We present an appropriate management strategy in such cases.

Case presentation
A previously healthy 26-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a 2-day history of erythema, pain, and swelling of the left ankle and foot, consistent with acute cellulitis. The patient was initially discharged home with a plan to complete a course of IV cefazolin as an outpatient, but later recalled after two sets of blood cultures grew gram positive cocci. Blood cultures speciated as Streptococcus canis. This was performed by identifying beta hemolytic strep on blood agar, then typed as Lancefield group G, followed by MALDI-TOF which distinguished S. canis. History was unremarkable except for a 2-week history of lower back pain precipitated by a wrestling injury. There was no canine bite or scratch wound, although the patient lives with a dog. CT spine was obtained which demonstrated right piriformis myositis and S1 osteomyelitis. MRI additionally demonstrated right erector spinae myositis, right sacroiliitis, and multiple collections in the right posterior paraspinal soft tissues. Transthoracic echocardiogram did not demonstrate valvular vegetations. The S. canis isolate was pan-susceptible and the patient was ultimately discharged home and completed a 8-week course of IV penicillin G. After completion of therapy, his symptoms, repeat imaging, and biochemical markers suggested resolution of infection on follow-up.

Conclusions
We suggest that management of S. canis bacteremia should involve consideration of screening for metastatic infection and infectious diseases consultation. However, despite its potential for systemic involvement, S. canis is often susceptible to narrow spectrum antibiotics, and may be treated with penicillins.
A framework for evaluating health system surveillance sensitivity to support public health decision-making for malaria elimination: a case study from Indonesia
Authors: Ahmad Riris Andono , Nelli Luca , Surendra Henry , Arisanti Risalia Reni , Lesmanawati Dyah Ayu Shinta , Byrne Isabel , Dumont Elin , Drakeley Chris , Stresman Gillian , Wu Lindsey 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The effectiveness of a surveillance system to detect infections in the population is paramount when confirming elimination. Estimating the sensitivity of a surveillance system requires identifying key steps in the care-seeking cascade, from initial infection to confirmed diagnosis, and quantifying the probability of appropriate action at each stage. Using malaria as an example, a framework was developed to estimate the sensitivity of key components of the malaria surveillance cascade.

Methods
Parameters to quantify the sensitivity of the surveillance system were derived from monthly malaria case data over a period of 36 months and semi-quantitative surveys in 46 health facilities on Java Island, Indonesia. Parameters were informed by the collected empirical data and estimated by modelling the flow of an infected individual through the system using a Bayesian framework. A model-driven health system survey was designed to collect empirical data to inform parameter estimates in the surveillance cascade.

Results
Heterogeneity across health facilities was observed in the estimated probability of care-seeking (range = 0.01–0.21, mean ± sd = 0.09 ± 0.05) and testing for malaria (range = 0.00–1.00, mean ± sd = 0.16 ± 0.29). Care-seeking was higher at facilities regularly providing antimalarial drugs (Odds Ratio [OR] = 2.98, 95% Credible Intervals [CI]: 1.54–3.16). Predictably, the availability of functioning microscopy equipment was associated with increased odds of being tested for malaria (OR = 7.33, 95% CI = 20.61).

Conclusions
The methods for estimating facility-level malaria surveillance sensitivity presented here can help provide a benchmark for what constitutes a strong system. The proposed approach also enables programs to identify components of the health system that can be improved to strengthen surveillance and support public-health decision-making.
Reducing disparities in kidney transplantation for Spanish-speaking patients through creation of a dedicated center
Authors: Pande Madhura , Grafals Monica , Rizzolo Katherine , Pomfret Elizabeth , Kendrick Jessica 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Hispanic Americans receive disproportionately fewer organ transplants than non-Hispanic whites. In 2018, the Hispanic Kidney Transplant Program (HKTP) was established as at the University of Colorado Hospital (UCH). The purpose of this quality improvement study was to examine the effect of this culturally sensitive program in reducing disparities in kidney transplantation.

Methods
We performed a mixed-methods analysis of data from 436 Spanish-speaking patients referred for transplant to UCH between 2015 and 2020. We compared outcomes for patients referred between 2015–2017 (n = 156) to those referred between 2018–2020 (n = 280). Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with 6 patients per time period and with 6 nephrology providers in the Denver Metro Area. Patients and providers were asked to evaluate communication, transplant education, and overall experience.

Results
When comparing the two time periods, there was a significant increase in the percentage of patients being referred (79.5% increase, p-0.008) and evaluated for transplant (82.4% increase, p = 0.02) during 2018–2020. While the number of committee reviews and number waitlisted increased during 2018–2020, it did not reach statistical significance (82.9% increase, p = 0.37 and 79.5% increase, p = 0.75, respectively. During patient and provider interviews, we identified 4 themes reflecting participation in the HKTP: improved communication, enhanced patient education, improved experience and areas for advancement. Overall, patients and providers reported a positive experience with the HKTP and noted improved patient understanding of the transplantation process.

Conclusions
The establishment of the HKTP is associated with a significant increase in Spanish-speaking Hispanic patients being referred and evaluated for kidney transplantation.
miR-34a negatively regulates cell cycle factor Cdt2/DTL in HPV infected cervical cancer cells
Authors: Singh Garima , Sharma Sonika Kumari , Singh Samarendra Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicroRNAs have emerged as an important regulator of cell cycle and various other cellular processes. Aberration in microRNAs has been linked with development of several cancers and other diseases but still very little is known about the mechanism by which they regulate these cellular events. High risk human papilloma virus (HR HPV) is the causative agent of 99% of cervical cancer cases which attenuates multiple tumor suppressors and checkpoint factors of the host cell. The viral proteins also stabilize many oncogenic factors, including an essential cell cycle regulator Cdt2/DTL which in turn promotes cell transformation and proliferation. In this study, we report that a micro-RNA, miR-34a by suppressing HPV E6 protein, destabilizes Cdt2/DTL protein level in HPV infected cervical cancer cell lines. Destabilization of Cdt2 stabilizes pro-apoptotic and onco-suppressor proteins like p21 and Set8 and suppresses cell proliferation, invasion and migration capabilities of the HPV positive cervical cancer cells. Overexpression of either HPV E6 or Cdt2 genes along with miR-34a restored back the suppressed proliferation rate. This study is the first-ever report to show that miR-34a regulates cell cycle factor Cdt2 by suppressing viral E6 protein level, thus opening up the possibility of exploring miR-34a as a specific therapy for cervical cancer treatment.
Shigella-associated mild encephalitis with reversible splenial lesion in Hospital Center Delafontaine, Saint-Denis, France: a case report
Authors: Le Soudéer Louise , Truong Jeanne , Le Gal Julie , Escoda Simon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Mild encephalitis with reversible splenial lesion of the corpus callosum (MERS) is a clinical/radiological syndrome characterized by hyperintense signal changes in the splenium of the corpus callosum visible on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in the brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) associated with various neurological symptoms. Progression is usually favorable with disappearance of the MRI brain lesion and regression of clinical symptoms over a few days to a few weeks. The exact pathophysiology remains unclear. MERS can be associated with various pathogens.

Case presentation
We report here a paediatric case of MERS associated with Shigella flexneri infection. A five-year-old boy with no relevant past medical history presented with symptoms such as headache, fever, profuse diarrhea and hallucinations.
A brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging performed on Day 2 of the symptoms revealed hyperintense signal changes of the splenium of the corpus callosum in T2 FLAIR sequence. This infection had a favorable outcome after antibiotic therapy. No further recurrence of symptoms was observed and a follow-up clinical examination eight weeks later was normal. A follow-up brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging three months after discharge was also normal and the hyperintense signal changes of the splenium of the corpus callosum had disappeared completely.

Conclusions
MERS is a clinical/radiological syndrome with a generally good prognosis.
We believe that this is the first description of a case of Shigella-associated MERS.
It is useful to know about this condition to help distinguish it from acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
Food insecurity during COVID-19 in children with end-stage kidney disease: a pilot study
Authors: Chan Melvin , Mokiao Reya , Wilson Amy C. , Pottanat Neha , Hingorani Sangeeta , Starr Michelle C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Food insecurity, an important social determinant of health among children, has become more common during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children with chronic diseases including end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are at higher risk of food insecurity due to their complex care needs, medication burden, and dietary restrictions. No data exists describing food insecurity prevalence in pediatric ESKD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Food insecurity was assessed among families of children (age 0–18 years) with ESKD on chronic dialysis at two pediatric academic medical centers. Families were screened in April 2020 using the Hunger Vital Sign, a validated 2-question screening tool. We assessed impact of COVID-19 on food insecurity. We compared serum phosphorus “pre-COVID” (January/February 2020) to “during COVID” (April/May 2020).

Results
A total of 29 families enrolled in this study. 62% (18/29) of children with ESKD lived in food insecure households, and of those, 72% (13/18) reported that COVID-19 had worsened their food insecurity status. During the COVID-19 pandemic, food insecure patients experienced greater rise in their serum phosphorus levels (1.1 mg/dL vs. 0 mg/dL, p = 0.03) and decreased likelihood of having adequate phosphorus control (50% vs. 11%, p = 0.03).

Conclusion
Food insecurity was common among children with ESKD on chronic dialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children with food insecurity had a greater increase in their phosphorus levels during the pandemic than did food secure children. Further exploration into how food resources such as an onsite food pantry impacts food insecurity and phosphorus control in children with ESKD is essential.