bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing potential conflicts between offshore wind farms and migration patterns of a threatened shorebird species
Authors: Schwemmer P. , Pederson R. , Haecker K. , Bocher P. , Fort J. , Mercker M. , Jiguet F. , Elts J. , Marja R. , Piha M. , Rousseau P. , Garthe S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInstallation of offshore wind farms (OWFs) is becoming increasingly important to ensure a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions; however, OWFs also pose a threat to migrating birds and other wildlife. Informed marine spatial planning is therefore crucial, but individual‐based high‐resolution data on bird migration across the sea are currently lacking. We equipped 51 individuals of the near threatened Eurasian curlew Numenius arquata with GPS tags (118 flight tracks) across multiple years and countries to assess their four‐dimensional migration routes across the Baltic Sea (i.e. flight tracks, altitudes, phenology and diurnal patterns), to inform collision‐risk models and assess potential conflicts with current and future OWFs. Despite a broad‐front migration, we identified core migration areas in the south‐western Baltic Sea (and adjacent mainland), largely overlapping with already operating OWFs. Generalized linear models based on a resampling procedure to overcome autocorrelation of tracking data showed that flight altitudes across the sea and during autumn (median: 60 m) were significantly lower than those across land (median: 335 m) and during spring (median across sea: 150; median across land: 576 m). Across the sea, curlews spent 74.8% and 62.2% of their migration times below 300 m during autumn and spring, respectively, indicating a potentially high collision risk with OWFs. The mean flight speed was 56.3 km/h (±20.3 km/h). Migration intensity was highest at night over a 10‐day period during April, suggesting that restricted turbine operation for several days might be a possible management measure. Our study showed that, even for broad‐front migrants, it is possible to identify particularly sensitive sea areas deserving special protection enabling a sound marine spatial planning. This is a crucial finding also for various other shorebirds on the East Atlantic Flyway. Further studies are needed to assess the behavioural reactions of migrating birds with respect to OWFs using high‐resolution tracking data.
The impact of inflammatory markers on prognosis of stage II colon cancers depends on tumour sidedness
Authors: Chang Jui‐Shen , Cheng Hou‐Hsuan , Huang Sheng‐Chieh , Lin Hung‐Hsin , Chang Shih‐Ching , Lin Chun‐Chi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundsAccumulating evidence has reported a high correlation between inflammatory markers and oncological outcomes in colorectal cancer. In the present study, we aimed to assess the prognostic values of five inflammatory markers in stage II colon cancer patients with different tumour locations.MethodsThe consecutive stage II colon adenocarcinoma patients undergoing curative resection were analysed retrospectively. ROC curves and the area under the curve (AUCs) via bootstrap method were used to analyse the prognostic impact of various inflammatory markers, including neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) and prognostic nutrition index (PNI).ResultsA total of 768 patients were enrolled for analysis. In univariate analysis, right‐sided colon cancer (RCC) patients have significantly higher mean levels of all inflammatory markers than left‐sided colon cancer (LCC) patients. In multivariate analyses, high NLR in LCC (P = 0.025) and low PNI in both RCC (P = 0.049) and LCC (P = 0.027) were significantly associated with a worse OS while none of the inflammatory markers was found to have a significant impact on DFS or CSS.ConclusionsThe profiles and prognostic impact of inflammatory markers are significantly different between stage II RCC and LCC patients. Researchers should take sidedness into consideration when addressing survival analysis of inflammatory markers.
A single‐centre, open‐label, single‐arm, fixed‐sequence pharmacokinetic study of SHR3680 on repaglinide and bupropion in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Dai Tao , Xu Zhenzhou , Huang Liang , Wang Yike , Zeng Gongqian , Ye Mingji , Liu Kan , Zeng Fuhua , Jiang Shusuan , Han Weiqing , Cao Jingying 
Published: September 2022

To evaluate the pharmacokinetic effects of SHR3680 on repaglinide and bupropion and its metabolite hydroxybupropion.MethodsA single‐centre, open‐label, single‐arm, fixed‐sequence clinical trial in 18 patients with prostate cancer.ResultsAfter a single oral dose of 0.5 mg repaglinide and SHR3680, geometric mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of plasma repaglinide was 14.240 and 5.887 ng/mL, geometric mean area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0–t)was 20.577 and 7.320 h ng/mL, geometric mean AUC0–∞ was 20.949 and 7.451 h ng/mL, mean half‐life (t1/2) was 1.629 and 1.195 hours, and geometric mean oral clearance (CL/F) was 23.867 and 67.107 L/h, respectively. After a single oral administration of 150 mg bupropion and SHR3680, geometric mean Cmax of plasma bupropion was 85.430 and 33.747 ng/mL, geometric mean AUC0–t was 1003.896 and 380.158 h ng/mL, geometric mean AUC0–∞ was 1038.054 and 401.387 h ng/mL, mean t1/2 was 22.533 and 17.733 hours, and geometric mean CL/F was 144.501 and 373.705 L/h, respectively. The plasma geometric mean Cmax of its main active metabolic hydroxybupropion was 268.113 and 177.318 ng/mL, geometric mean AUC0–t was 14 283.087 and 5420.219 h ng/mL, geometric mean AUC0–∞ was 15 218.158 and 5364.625 h ng/mL, mean t1/2 were 36.069 and 16.688 hours, and geometric mean CL/F was 8.623 L/h and 27.961 L/h, respectively.ConclusionCoadministration of SHR3680 with repaglinide or bupropion significantly shortened the elimination half‐lives, significantly increased the apparent clearance rate, and significantly decreased the in vivo exposure of repaglinide, bupropion and hydroxybupropion compared with single administration of repaglinide or bupropion.
Community pharmacists' participation in adult vaccination: A cross‐sectional survey based on the theoretical domains framework
Authors: El Hajj Maguy Saffouh , Al‐Ziftawi Nour , Stewart Derek , Al‐Khater Dhabya Mohamed A. Y. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThis study aims to assess Qatar community pharmacists' practices in advocating and promoting adult vaccination and to characterize and quantify potential determinants of participation in adult vaccination as vaccine administrators, based on the theoretical domains framework (TDF).MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of a randomly selected sample of community pharmacists in Qatar was conducted using a self‐administered validated questionnaire. Items in the questionnaire on potential determinants of participation in adult vaccination were based on TDF. TDF items were subjected to principal components analysis.ResultsIn total, 271 respondents completed the questionnaire (67.7%). Most respondents (83.5%) did not have any previous training in vaccination administration and were not involved in any vaccine‐related advocacy activities (78.9%). Principal components analysis of TDF items gave eight components: pharmacists' perceived knowledge and skills (median score of 22, interquartile range [IQR] 17–26, possible range: 7–35); perceived confidence (16; IQR 12–20, possible range: 5–25); perceived external support (9; IQR 7–11, possible range: 3–15); professional role identity (38; IQR 33–42, possible range: 11–55); emotions (10; IQR 9–12, possible range: 3–15); perceived consequences (22; IQR 18–24, possible range: 6–30); perceived usefulness (16; IQR 14–18, possible range: 4–20); and behaviour control (6; IQR 4–8, possible range: 2–10).ConclusionPharmacists' perceived knowledge, skills, confidence and behavioural control are potentially important factors to address to facilitate participation in vaccination administration in Qatar. Along with providing vaccination training to community pharmacists, there is a need to change the current pharmacy practice structure to improve managerial and government support for and to equip pharmacies with resources for this role.
Exotic asphyxiation: interactions between invasive species and hypoxia
Authors: Byers James E. , Blaze Julie A. , Dodd Alannah C. , Hall Hannah L. , Gribben Paul E. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTNon‐indigenous species (NIS) and hypoxia (<2 mg O2 l−1) can disturb and restructure aquatic communities. Both are heavily influenced by human activities and are intensifying with global change. As these disturbances increase, understanding how they interact to affect native species and systems is essential. To expose patterns, outcomes, and generalizations, we thoroughly reviewed the biological invasion literature and compiled 100 studies that examine the interaction of hypoxia and NIS. We found that 64% of studies showed that NIS are tolerant of hypoxia, and 62% showed that NIS perform better than native species under hypoxia. Only one‐quarter of studies examined NIS as creators of hypoxia; thus, NIS are more often considered passengers associated with hypoxia, rather than drivers of it. Paradoxically, the NIS that most commonly create hypoxia are primary producers. Taxa like molluscs are typically more hypoxia tolerant than mobile taxa like fish and crustaceans. Most studies examine individual‐level or localized responses to hypoxia; however, the most extensive impacts occur when hypoxia associated with NIS affects communities and ecosystems. We discuss how these influences of hypoxia at higher levels of organization better inform net outcomes of the biological invasion process, i.e. establishment, spread, and impact, and are thus most useful to management. Our review identifies wide variation in the way in which the interaction between hypoxia and NIS is studied in the literature, and suggests ways to address the number of variables that affect their interaction and refine insight gleaned from future studies. We also identify a clear need for resource management to consider the interactive effects of these two global stressors which are almost exclusively managed independently.
Saxagliptin combined with additional oral antihyperglycaemic agents in drug‐naive diabetic patients with high glycosylated haemoglobin: A 24‐week, multicentre, randomized, open‐label, active parallel‐controlled group clinical trial in China (SUCCESS)
Authors: Chen Xiaoping , Jiang Hongwei , Li Hongmei , Kuang Hongyu , Chen Li , Ma Jianhua , Zhang Qiu , Pan Tianrong , Yang Wenying ,   SUCCESS study investigators
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy and safety of a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitor combined respectively with three oral antihyperglycaemic agents in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with high levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c).Materials and methodsBetween 30 December 2014 and 1 November 2017, a 24‐week, multicentre, parallel‐controlled study was performed on drug‐naive T2DM patients. In total, 648 patients with 8.0% ≤ HbA1c ≤ 11.0%, aged 18‐80 years and body mass index (BMI) 19‐40 kg/m2 were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive saxagliptin (Saxa) combined with metformin (Met), acarbose (Aca) or gliclazide (Gli) modified release (MR) tablets (Saxa + Met, Saxa + Aca and Saxa + Gli). The primary outcome was the absolute change in HbA1c from baseline; secondary outcome was the percentage of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% and ≤6.5%.ResultsEach treatment arm contained 216 patients; overall, 583 completed the 24‐week trial. At 24 weeks, the mean (95% confidence interval) change in HbA1c from baseline in Saxa + Met, Saxa + Aca and Saxa + Gli were, respectively: –2.9% [–3.1, –2.8]; –2.6% [–2.8, –2.5]; and –2.8% [–2.9, –2.6] (overall p = .04, Saxa + Aca vs. Saxa + Met, p = .010, Saxa + Gli vs. Saxa + Met, p = 0.18). At 24 weeks, 84.9%, 74.7% and 80.3% of participants were at HbA1c <7.0% (overall p = .05); and 72.6%, 59.8% and 63.3% were HbA1c ≤6.5% (overall p = 0.10). The rates of minor or symptomatic hypoglycaemia were very low.ConclusionsInitial treatment with a DPP‐4 inhibitor combined with Metform, alpha‐glycosidase inhibitor or sulphonylurea was safe and effective for patients with newly diagnosed T2DM and high HbA1c. DPP‐4 inhibitor combined with Met showed the best efficacy for this population.
Effect of stress ratio on high cycle fatigue behavior of TNM‐TiAl alloy
Authors: Sun Guanze , Cao Rui , Zhou Xin , Jiang Xiao Xia , Wang Hongwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn order to investigate the effect of stress ratio on room temperature high‐cycle fatigue life of Ti‐43.5Al‐4Nb‐1Mo‐0.1B alloy, high‐cycle fatigue life test of TNM‐TiAl alloy at stress ratio of −1, −0.5, 0.1, 0.5, 0.8, and 1 was performed on the universal testing machine. The fracture mechanism of TNM‐TiAl alloy under different stress ratios was determined by observation and analysis of microstructure and fracture surface by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and optical microscope (OM). The results show that fatigue life of TNM‐TiAl alloy with different stress ratios is mainly affected by the mean stress and stress amplitude. The fatigue life decreases with the increase of the stress amplitude and with the decrease of the mean stress. When the stress amplitude is constant, the higher the stress ratio is, the higher the mean stress in the loading process is, the lower the fatigue life is. The sensitivity of the stress amplitude of TNM‐TiAl alloy gradually increases with the increase of the stress ratio. The different cracking mechanism and fracture mechanisms at various stress ratio are revealed.
Using GRACE to Detect Groundwater Variation in North China Plain after South–North Water Diversion
Authors: Xiong Jinghua , Yin Jiabo , Guo Shenglian , Yin Wenjie , Rao Weilong , Chao Nengfang , Abhishek  
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) and its Follow‐On mission provide a versatile tool for monitoring groundwater depletion in North China Plain (NCP). However, intermittent data gaps and inherent coarse spatial resolution have restricted the continuous detection of regional groundwater storage anomaly (GWSA) after 2014, the period of interest during the implementation of the south‐to‐north water diversion middle route project (SNWDP). Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal changes of GWSA in the NCP during 2004 to 2020 based on continuous downscaled GRACE data. First, we derived the continuous terrestrial water storage anomaly from six GRACE and Follow‐On solutions (i.e., spherical harmonics (SH) and mass concentration [mascon] solutions). Second, we employed a long short‐term memory (LSTM) model and water balance equation to downscale GWSA (i.e., 0.25° × 0.25°). Lastly, we investigated its spatiotemporal characteristics before (2004 to 2014) and after (2015 to 2020) the SNWDP operation. We show the applicability of the continuous downscaled GWSA to capture the characteristics of in situ measurements. The GWSA detects groundwater depletion at a significant (p < 0.05) rate of −17.09 ± 1.80 (SH) and −17.87 ± 1.65 (mascon) mm/a during 2004 to 2014, but a recovering trend of 7.18 ± 3.98 (SH) and 8.23 ± 4.99 (mascon) during 2015 to 2018. The subsequent groundwater extraction and precipitation reduction from 2019 to 2020, resulted in the decreasing trend of GWSA from 2015 to 2020, which is −19.11 ± 8.75 (SH) and −19.72 ± 9.08 mm/a (mascon), respectively. Spatially, the overall depletion trends become nonsignificant along the canals of SNWDP compared to the period 2004 to 2014, and groundwater recovering with trends <6 mm/a near Beijing and Tianjin are detected by the mascon solution during 2015 to 2020.
Emotional disturbance and risk factors among COVID‐19 confirmed cases in isolation hotels
Authors: Ling Mao‐Sheng , Wang Chao‐Ping , Hsieh Yu‐Ling , Lin Yi‐Ping , Lee Pi‐Chung , Hu Sophia , Hung Fang‐Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been isolated in hospital‐managed isolation hotels under a policy of the Taiwan government. Centrally isolation patients are more likely to experience psychological symptoms. The purpose of the study was to investigate emotional disturbance during their isolation period and then pinpoint the factors during their isolation period associated with the emotional disturbance. We retrospectively analysed the medical charts of the patients confined to a Banqiao isolation hotel between May 28 and July 3, 2021. The 5‐item brief symptom rating scale (BSRS‐5) was used to evaluate emotional disturbance levels. Descriptive and logistic regression was used for the data analysis. In total, 197 complete medical records were reviewed, and of these 84 (42.6%) showed emotional disturbance. The majority of them reported only minor disturbance (n = 49, 58.3%). After controlling for confounding factors, being satisfied about medical information was the only protective factor associated with emotional disturbance (OR = 0.2, P = 0.018). Being a male patient (OR = 3.0, P = 0.005), worrying about stigmatization (OR = 2.2, P = 0.041) and being unable to contact family members (OR = 2.9, P = 0.018) increased the risk of experiencing emotional disturbance. Patients with clinical symptoms, namely sore throat (OR = 3.4, P = 0.013) and muscle aches (OR = 6.3, P = 0.005), were also found to be more likely to report emotional disturbance. Mental disturbance commonly occurs among patient with COVID‐19 who are isolated in a hospital‐managed hotel. Being a male patient, having symptoms, namely a sore throat and muscle pain, being unable to contact family and/or a failure to receive sufficient medical information were found to be associated with emotional disturbance. In order to help isolated patients, government officials should provide a clear rationale for isolation and recognize the patients' efforts to follow the government's policy, which will help to minimize social stigma.
Mir‐122 upregulation and let‐7f downregulation combination: The effects on hepatic differentiation of hiPSCs on the PCL‐Gel‐HA nanofibrous scaffold
Authors: Parvanak Maliheh , Mostafavi‐Pour Zohreh , Soleimani Masoud , Atashi Amir , Arefian Ehsan , Esmaeili Elaheh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCell therapy and tissue engineering as promising candidates for the liver transplantation dilemma are of special interest. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are one of the best sources in this field, but their differentiation methods to hepatocytes have remained challenging. We transduced human iPSCs (hiPSCs) with miR‐122 and off‐let‐7f (hiPSCsmiR‐122 + off‐let‐7f) to evaluate how they can differentiate hiPSCs to hepatocyte‐like cells (HLCs) without any extrinsic growth factor. Additionally, we studied the effect of Poly ɛ‐caprolactone‐gelatin‐hyaluronic acid (PCL‐Gel‐HA) nanofibrous scaffold as an extracellular matrix (ECM) simulator on differentiation improvement. Definitive endoderm markers (FOXA2 and SOX17), as well as hepatic markers (AFP, Albumin, CK18, HNF4α) expression, were significantly higher in hiPSCsmiR‐122 + off‐let‐7f derived HLCs (hiPSCs‐HLCs) compared to the control group (miR‐scramble transduced hiPSCs: hiPSCsscramble). hiPSCs‐HLCs indicated hepatocyte morphological characteristics and positive immunostaining for AFP, Albumin and HNF4α. Albumin and urea secretion were significantly higher in hiPSCs‐HLCs than hiPSCsscramble. Comparing these markers in the PCL‐Gel‐HA group with the tissue culture plate (TCP) group revealed that PCL‐Gel‐HA could improve differentiation towards HLCs significantly. Regarding our results, these microRNAs can be used to differentiate hiPSCs to the functional hepatocytes for disease modelling, drug screening and cell‐based therapy in future studies.
Multicentre implementation of a nursing competency framework at a provincial scale: A qualitative description of facilitators and barriers
Authors: Lavoie Patrick , Boyer Louise , Pepin Jacinthe , Déry Johanne , Lavoie‐Tremblay Mélanie , Paquet Maxime , Bolduc Jolianne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRationaleNurses are responsible for engaging in continuing professional development throughout their careers. This implies that they use tools such as competency frameworks to assess their level of development, identify their learning needs, and plan actions to achieve their learning goals. Although multiple competency frameworks and guidelines for their development have been proposed, the literature on their implementation in clinical settings is sparser. If the complexity of practice creates a need for context‐sensitive competency frameworks, their implementation may also be subject to various facilitators and barriers.Aims and ObjectivesTo document the facilitators and barriers to implementing a nursing competency framework on a provincial scale.MethodsThis multicentre study was part of a provincial project to implement a nursing competency framework in Quebec, Canada, using a three‐step process based on evidence from implementation science. Nurses’ participation consisted in the self‐assessment of their competencies using the framework. For this qualitative descriptive study, 58 stakeholders from 12 organizations involved in the first wave of implementation participated in group interviews to discuss their experience with the implementation process and their perceptions of facilitators and barriers. Data were subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsAnalysis of the data yielded five themes: finding the ‘right unit’ despite an unfavourable context; taking and protecting time for self‐assessment; creating value around competency assessment; bringing the project as close to the nurses as possible; making the framework accessible.ConclusionThis study was one of the first to document the large‐scale, multi‐site implementation of a nursing competency framework in clinical settings. This project represented a unique challenge because it involved two crucial changes: adopting a competency‐based approach focused on educational outcomes and accountability to the public and valorizing a learning culture where nurses become active stakeholders in their continuing professional development.
Introduction to the special issue on theorizing families, anti‐racism, and social justice
Authors: van Eeden‐Moorefield Brad , Shih Kristy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article introduces JFTR's contributions to the collaborative, three journal special issue on “Transformative family scholarship: Theory, practice, and research at the intersection of families, anti‐racism, and social justice.” We provide a brief perspective on the context from which this collaboration emerged, situate ourselves as Co‐Guest Editors in relation to our commitments to anti‐racism and social justice, and briefly describe the contributions of articles included in this volume. We conclude by offering a couple of directions for the future.