bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced auxin signalling through the cyclophilin geneDIAGEOTROPICAimpacts tomato fruit development and metabolism during ripening
Authors: Batista-Silva Willian , Carvalho de Oliveira Alice , Martins Auxiliadora Oliveira , Siqueira João Antonio , Rodrigues-Salvador Acácio , Omena-Garcia Rebeca P , Medeiros David Barbosa , Peres Lázaro Eustáquio Pereira , Ribeiro Dimas Mendes , Zsögön Agustín , Fernie Alisdair R , Nunes-Nesi Adriano , Araújo Wagner L 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAuxin is an important hormone playing crucial roles during fruit growth and ripening; however, the metabolic impact of changes in auxin signalling during tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) ripening remains unclear. Here, we investigated the significance of changes in auxin signalling during different stages of fruit development by analysing changes in tomato fruit quality and primary metabolism using mutants with either lower or higher auxin sensitivity [diageotropica (dgt) and entire mutants, respectively]. Altered auxin sensitivity modifies metabolism, through direct impacts on fruit respiration and fruit growth. We verified that the dgt mutant plants exhibit reductions in fruit set, total fruit dry weight, fruit size, number of seeds per fruit, and fresh weight loss during post-harvest. Sugar accumulation was associated with delayed fruit ripening in dgt, probably connected with reduced ethylene levels and respiration, coupled with a lower rate of starch degradation. In contrast, despite exhibiting parthenocarpy, increased auxin perception (entire) did not alter fruit ripening, leading to only minor changes in primary metabolism. By performing a comprehensive analysis, our results connect auxin signalling and metabolic changes during tomato fruit development, indicating that reduced auxin signalling led to extensive changes in sugar concentration and starch metabolism during tomato fruit ripening.
Challenging Ancient DNA Results About Putative HLA Protection or Susceptibility to Yersinia pestis
Authors: Di Da , Simon Thomas Jeanne , Currat Mathias , Nunes José Manuel , Sanchez-Mazas Alicia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In a recent article, Immel et al. (Immel A, Key FM, Szolek A, Barquera R, Robinson MK, Harrison GF, Palmer WH, Spyrou MA, Susat J, Krause-Kyora B, et al. 2021. Analysis of genomic DNA from medieval plague victims suggests long-term effect of Yersinia pestis on human immunity genes. Mol Biol Evol. 38:4059–4076) extracted DNA from 36 individuals dead from plague in Ellwangen, Southern Germany, during the 16th century. By comparing their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes with those of 50 present-day Ellwangen inhabitants, the authors reported a significant decrease of HLA-B*51:01 and HLA-C*06:02 and a significant increase of HLA-DRB1*13:01/13:02 frequencies from ancient to modern populations. After comparing these frequencies with a larger sample of 8,862 modern Germans and performing simulations of natural selection, they concluded that these changes had been driven by natural selection. In an attempt to provide more evidence on such stimulating results, we explored the HLA frequency patterns over all of Europe, we predicted binding affinities of HLA-B/C/DRB1 alleles to 106,515 Yersinia pestis-derived peptides, and we performed forward simulations of HLA genetic profiles under neutrality. Our analyses do not sustain the conclusions of HLA protection or susceptibility to plague based on ancient DNA.
Efficacy of laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) for newly diagnosed and recurrent IDH wild-type glioblastoma
Authors: de Groot John F , Kim Albert H , Prabhu Sujit , Rao Ganesh , Laxton Adrian W , Fecci Peter E , O’Brien Barbara J , Sloan Andrew , Chiang Veronica , Tatter Stephen B , Mohammadi Alireza M , Placantonakis Dimitris G , Strowd Roy E , Chen Clark , Hadjipanayis Constantinos , Khasraw Mustafa , Sun David , Piccioni David , Sinicrope Kaylyn D , Campian Jian L , Kurz Sylvia C , Williams Brian , Smith Kris , Tovar-Spinoza Zulma , Leuthardt Eric C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Treatment options for unresectable new and recurrent glioblastoma remain limited. Laser ablation has demonstrated safety as a surgical approach to treating primary brain tumors. The LAANTERN prospective multicenter registry (NCT02392078) data were analyzed to determine clinical outcomes for patients with new and recurrent IDH wild-type glioblastoma.

Methods
Demographics, intraprocedural data, adverse events, KPS, health economics, and survival data were prospectively collected and then analyzed on IDH wild-type newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma patients who were treated with laser ablation at 14 US centers between January 2016 and May 2019. Data were monitored for accuracy. Statistical analysis included individual variable summaries, multivariable differences in survival, and median survival numbers.

Results
A total of 29 new and 60 recurrent IDH wild-type WHO grade 4 glioblastoma patients were treated. Positive MGMT promoter methylation status was present in 5/29 of new and 23/60 of recurrent patients. Median physician-estimated extent of ablation was 91%-99%. Median overall survival (OS) was 9.73 months (95% confidence interval: 5.16, 15.91) for newly diagnosed patients and median post-procedure survival was 8.97 months (6.94, 12.36) for recurrent patients. Median OS for newly diagnosed patients receiving post-LITT chemo/radiation was 16.14 months (6.11, not reached). Factors associated with improved survival were MGMT promoter methylation, adjuvant chemotherapy within 12 weeks, and tumor volume &lt;3 cc.

Conclusions
Laser ablation is a viable option for patients with new and recurrent glioblastoma. Median OS for IDH wild-type newly diagnosed glioblastoma is comparable to outcomes observed in other tumor resection studies when those patients undergo radiation and chemotherapy following LITT.
Silencing the conserved small nuclear ribonucleoprotein SmD1 target gene alters susceptibility to root-knot nematodes in plants
Authors: Mejias Joffrey , Chen Yongpan , Bazin Jérémie , Truong Nhat-My , Mulet Karine , Noureddine Yara , Jaubert-Possamai Stéphanie , Ranty-Roby Sarah , Soulé Salomé , Abad Pierre , Crespi Martin D , Favery Bruno , Quentin Michaël 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are among the most damaging pests of agricultural crops. Meloidogyne is an extremely polyphagous genus of nematodes that can infect thousands of plant species. A few genes for resistance (R-genes) to RKN suitable for use in crop breeding have been identified, but virulent strains and species of RKN have emerged that render these R-genes ineffective. Secretion of RKN effectors targeting plant functions mediates the reprogramming of root cells into specialized feeding cells, the giant cells, essential for RKN development and reproduction. Conserved targets among plant species define the more relevant strategies for controlling nematode infection. The EFFECTOR18 (EFF18) protein from M. incognita interacts with the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoprotein D1 (SmD1) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), disrupting its function in alternative splicing regulation and modulating the giant cell transcriptome. We show here that EFF18 is a conserved RKN-specific effector that targets this conserved spliceosomal SmD1 protein in Solanaceae. This interaction modulates alternative splicing events produced by tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in response to M. incognita infection. The alteration of SmD1 expression by virus-induced gene silencing in Solanaceae affects giant cell formation and nematode development. Thus, our work defines a promising conserved SmD1 target gene to develop broad resistance for the control of Meloidogyne spp. in plants.
The Choice of Peers for Relative Performance Evaluation in Executive Compensation
Authors: Bizjak John , Kalpathy Swaminathan , Li Zhichuan Frank , Young Brian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Relative performance evaluation (RPE) awards have become an important component of executive compensation. We examine whether RPE awards, particularly the peer group, are structured in a manner consistent with economic theory. For RPE awards using a custom peer group, we find that the custom group is significantly more effective than four plausible alternative peer groups at filtering out common shocks, lowering the cost of compensation, and increasing managerial incentives. For RPE awards using a market index, we find some evidence that firms could have selected a custom set of peers with better filtering properties at a lower cost with similar incentives. For example, firms could have saved around $118,000 in present value terms, on average, for an RPE award had they chosen a custom group comprising their product market peers instead of a market index.
A model bridging waterlogging, stomatal behavior and water use in trees in drained peatland
Authors: Liu Che , Wang Qian , Mäkelä Annikki , Hökkä Hannu , Peltoniemi Mikko , Hölttä Teemu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWaterlogging causes hypoxic or anoxic conditions in soils, which lead to decreases in root and stomatal hydraulic conductance. Although these effects have been observed in a variety of plant species, they have not been quantified continuously over a range of water table depths (WTD) or soil water contents (SWC). To provide a quantitative theoretical framework for tackling this issue, we hypothesized similar mathematical descriptions of waterlogging and drought effects on whole-tree hydraulics and constructed a hierarchical model by connecting optimal stomata and soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance models. In the model, the soil-to-root conductance is non-monotonic with WTD to reflect both the limitations by water under low SWC and by hypoxic effects associated with inhibited oxygen diffusion under high SWC. The model was parameterized using priors from literature and data collected over four growing seasons from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees grown in a drained peatland in Finland. Two reference models (RMs) were compared with the new model, RM1 with no belowground hydraulics and RM2 with no waterlogging effects. The new model was more accurate than the RMs in predicting transpiration rate (fitted slope of measured against modeled transpiration rate = 0.991 vs 0.979 (RM1) and 0.984 (RM2), R2 = 0.801 vs 0.665 (RM1) and 0.776 (RM2)). Particularly, RM2’s overestimation of transpiration rate under shallow water table conditions (fitted slope = 0.908, R2 = 0.697) was considerably reduced by the new model (fitted slope = 0.956, R2 = 0.711). The limits and potential improvements of the model are discussed.
Induction of Defense Responses and Protection of Almond Plants Against Xylella fastidiosa by Endotherapy with a Bifunctional Peptide
Authors: Moll Luís , Baró Aina , Montesinos Laura , Badosa Esther , Bonaterra Anna , Montesinos Emilio 
Published: April 2022

Xylella fastidiosa is a plant pathogenic bacterium that has been introduced in the European Union (EU), causing significant yield losses in economically important Mediterranean crops. Almond leaf scorch (ALS) is currently one of the most relevant diseases observed in Spain, and no cure has been found to be effective for this disease. In previous reports, the peptide BP178 has shown a strong bactericidal activity in vitro against X. fastidiosa and to other plant pathogens, and to trigger defense responses in tomato plants. In the present work, BP178 was applied by endotherapy to almond plants of cultivar Avijor using preventive and curative strategies. The capacity of BP178 to reduce the population levels of X. fastidiosa and to decrease disease symptoms and its persistence over time were demonstrated under greenhouse conditions. The most effective treatment consisted of a combination of preventive and curative applications, and the peptide was detected in the stem up to 60 days posttreatment. Priming plants with BP178 induced defense responses mainly through the salicylic acid pathway, but also overexpressed some genes of the jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways. It is concluded that the bifunctional peptide is a promising candidate to be further developed to manage ALS caused by X. fastidiosa. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Developing BSN Students’ Quality Improvement Skills Through Addressing Real-World Problems
Authors: Turner Christine , Mikelaites Catherine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To create a preferred future for nursing, our prelicensure program teaches students to think critically, communicate effectively, and be leaders and change agents in health care. As seniors, students apply the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Model for Improvement to search the literature for research evidence about a problem, collect and analyze data, and perform a root cause analysis to develop solutions and plans for implementation. At the semester’s end, formal presentations are provided to academic and practice partners.
Linking the Humanities With Clinical Reasoning: Proposing an Integrative Conceptual Model for a Graduate Medical Education Humanities Curriculum
Authors: Prince G. , Osipov R. , Mazzella A.J. , Chelminski P.R. 
Published: April 2022

Discussion surrounding the role of the humanities as an important analytic epistemology within medical education is generally less robust than literature supporting its value in building empathy and promoting personal reflection and wellness. As such, the humanities have not been considered to be as relevant when teaching medical reasoning or technical skills. Yet, might the humanities offer value in emboldening the analytic thinking of medical learners?
This article proposes an integrative conceptual model that links the thought process defining medicine—clinical reasoning—with humanistic analysis in an effort to advance the argument that the humanities offer a complementary and innovative platform that can be used within traditional medical education. The article then discusses preliminary findings from a pilot curriculum based on this model, implemented during internal medicine morning report at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine.
Preliminary qualitative analysis of transcripts from the pilot curriculum demonstrates that a thought process analogous to that of clinical reasoning can be identified within guided group analyses of humanities works. Participants simultaneously used thought processes that were analytic and intuitive. The emergence of ambiguity/intuition as a theme in the pilot curriculum suggests the humanities could be a powerful tool for exploring and embracing ambiguity in clinical practice.
Through the development of an integrative conceptual model, this article helps to demonstrate more explicitly the theoretical link between the reasoning pathways of the humanities and clinical medicine. Though a refined curriculum and more rigorous analysis are needed before arguing for the incorporation of the humanities into traditional graduate medical education on a larger scale, the preliminary findings here support the feasibility and promise of a curriculum based on the proposed integrative conceptual model.
Role of Individual, Family, and Community Resilience in Moderating Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Mental Health Among Children
Authors: Okwori Glory 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Mental health outcomes such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), behavior disorders, anxiety, depression, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are common disorders among children in the United States. Little is known on how potential resilient factors may moderate the relationship between exposure to ACEs and mental health outcomes. This study examines associations between ACEs and resilience on mental health outcomes using the 2018 National Survey of Children's Health (N = 26,572).

Method:
Logistic regression and interactions examined the association between ACEs, resilience, and mental health outcomes. ACE exposure and low resiliency were associated with an increased likelihood of mental health outcomes.

Results:
There were significant interactions between exposure to ACEs and family resilience as well as significant interactions between ACE exposure and community resilience. On stratification, the presence of individual resilience and having all resilience measures decreased the odds of ADHD, behavioral disorders, anxiety, and depression and the presence of community resilience decreased the odds of depression among individuals who had experienced 4 or more ACEs.

Conclusion:
These results illustrate the need to promote resilience measures for tackling mental health problems and reducing the negative effect of trauma in children.
RETINAL INFILTRATION IN A CASE OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Authors: Yee Claudine , Scruggs Brittni A. , Flaxel Christina J. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
To describe a case of chronic myeloid leukemia with retinal leukemic infiltration identified by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 64-year-old man presented with bilateral painless blurred vision and three weeks of fatigue, unintentional weight loss, and complete hearing loss. Dilated fundus examination of both eyes showed peripheral intraretinal hemorrhages with white centers, vascular tortuosity, and peripheral nonperfusion. No macular lesions were identified by slit-lamp examination, fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, or fluorescein angiography. Optical coherence tomography through the macula revealed multiple hyperreflective lesions throughout the inner retinal layers. Some of these lesions showed intrinsic flow by OCT angiography, but many lesions did not. The bone marrow biopsy confirmed chronic myeloid leukemia, and these intraretinal lesions were deemed to be leukemic infiltrates. The patient regained vision after systemic chemotherapy with resolution of the retinal infiltrates over time.

Conclusion:
Primary leukemic retinal involvement can be challenging to diagnose, especially when the macula appears normal clinically. Optical coherence tomography and OCT angiography are useful imaging modalities for the detection of retinal leukemic infiltration. Completing a thorough review of systems and initiating an urgent, systemic work-up are warranted in cases of retinal infiltration.
TREATMENT OF HYPOTONY WITH AN INTRAVITREAL GAS BUBBLE
Authors: Kokame Gregg T. , Card Kevin , Yim Michael C. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
To describe a case of successful resolution of severe hypotony and choroidal detachments following nonfiltering glaucoma surgery with an intravitreal injection of C3F8 gas after a poor response to topical steroids and cycloplegia.

Methods:
Retrospective chart review of a case report.

Results:
89 year-old male presented with a central retinal vein occlusion, hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage and neovascular glaucoma. After initial intravitreal injection of aflibercept he was treated with pars plana vitrectomy with panretinal photocoagulation and endocyclophotocoagulation to the ciliary body, but he continued to have elevated intraocular pressure. Subsequent external cyclophotocoagulation was performed but severe hypotony with inflammation, choroidal detachments, and corneal edema developed one week later without response to cycloplegic and steroid medications. A therapeutic injection of perfluorpropane (C3F8) gas led to resolution of the hypotony and choroid detachment and long-term maintenance of intraocular pressure.

Discussion/Conclusion:
An intravitreal gas bubble can be a very useful outpatient procedure to immediately reverse hypotony, resolve choroidal detachment, and decrease associated inflammation. When hypotony does not respond to medical therapy with cycloplegic drops and steroid medications, then an intravitreal gas bubble can rapidly resolve these complications and result in stabilization of intraocular pressure long-term.
Atypical sterile infiltrates after corneal crosslinking
Authors: Seiler Theo G. , Kozhaya Karim , Seiler Theo , Awwad Shady T. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
3 cases of atypical sterile opacifications during the early-postoperative phase after corneal crosslinking (CXL) have been described.

Patient and Clinical Findings:
On a routine follow-up 4 days after CXL, sterile anterior stromal opacifications were observed on slitlamp examination of patients with keratoconus (KC). Their presentations ranged from a crescentic opacification located at the margin of the irradiation zone at a depth of 270 μm (Case 1) to a peripheral well-delineated, disc-shaped opacification (Case 2) to disseminated multifocal infiltrates (Case 3). All reported eyes had completely healed epithelium with the onset of opacifications, more than 24 hours after CXL. After an interval of 6 months, only minor changes on slitlamp biomicroscopy were observed in each case, and optical coherence tomography was suggestive of a scar formation.

Diagnosis, Intervention, and Outcome:
The occurrence of these sterile infiltrates in KC eyes with thinnest pachymetry superior to 400 μm and their shape, location, and depth were remarkable. These infiltrates were labeled as atypical because they failed to respond to topical steroids and resulted in scar formation.

Conclusions:
A collection of atypical sterile anterior stromal infiltrates originating from the very early-postoperative course after accelerated or customized CXL have been reported.
Tool Use for Early Detection of Cerebral Palsy: A Survey of Spanish Pediatric Physical Therapists
Authors: Merino-Andrés Javier , Hidalgo-Robles Álvaro , Pérez-Nombela Soraya , Williams Sîan A , Paleg Ginny , Fernández-Rego Francisco Javier 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to assess the use of diagnostic assessment tools in pediatric physical therapy practice in Spain. Best practice recommendations indicate the timely use of key assessment tools to reduce the age of diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods:
Pediatric physical therapists currently working in Spain in early intervention were recruited through targeted physical therapy entities. They were invited to complete the purpose-developed electronic survey, consisting of 45 multiple-choice questions, with 5 thematic blocks.

Results:
Results from 140 anonymous respondents were analyzed. The average reported age when CP was suspected was 12.6 months. Most used the child's clinical history (88.1%), the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (41.3%), and Vojta Assessment Procedure (32.1%) to assess and detect CP. General Movements Assessment (25.7%) and Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (28.4%) were used infrequently.

Conclusions:
Currently, pediatric physical therapists in Spain rely on clinical history and outdated tools to identify children with CP.
Digital Abstract available at: http://links.lww.com/PPT/A361 (English).
Digital Abstract available at: http://links.lww.com/PPT/A362 (Spanish).
Characteristics of Interventions to Improve Bone Health in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Liquori Brianna M. , Gannotti Mary E. , Thorpe Deborah E. , Fuchs Robyn K. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose.
A systematic review evaluated exercise parameters and ages that produced the most improvement in bone among individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) ages 3 to 21 years.

Methods.
PubMed, Scopus, Ebscohost, and Web of Science identified potential articles. Covidence was used to identify eligible citations and assess bias. The osteogenic index (OI) was used to evaluate intervention parameters.

Results.
The database search identified 312 citations. Twelve full-text articles were included. A 1-hour calisthenic exercise program performed 2 to 3 times a week for 8 months targeting each body region had the highest effect size and a substantial OI. Most of the interventions reviewed had low OIs. Activities of longer duration and greater intensity had greater OIs and prepubertal age-enhanced treatment effects.

Conclusion.
Bone interventions for individuals with CP have low OIs, and principles of mechanostat theory should be applied to exercise dosing.