bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Cycle of the Confluence of the Tsugaru Warm, Oyashio, and Kuroshio Currents East of Japan
Authors: Itoh S. , Tsutsumi E. , Masunaga E. , Sakamoto T. T. , Ishikawa K. , Yanagimoto D. , Hoshiba Y. , Kaneko H. , Hasegawa D. , Tanaka K. , Fukuda H. , Nagata T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Sanriku Confluence east of Japan is the region of confluence of the Tsugaru Warm Current from the Sea of Japan, the Oyashio Current from the western subarctic gyre and the Sea of Okhotsk, and Kuroshio water that has detached from the subtropical gyre. It is a field of vigorous stirring driven by variability in current systems, but transition processes between water masses have yet to be clarified. High‐resolution underwater conductivity‐temperature‐depth observations were undertaken during each of the four seasons to test a hypothesis that the water‐mass gradient in the Sanriku Confluence is set without full stirring. Analyses in isopycnal coordinates indicate the seasonal occurrence of prominent fronts of both salinity and displacement, related to the emergence of various water masses. After fitting error functions to frontal features, the seasonally emerging isopycnal salinity fronts often became extremely sharp with widths typically narrower than 3 km, supporting the hypothesis. Disturbances distinguished from frontal structures indicate variance peaks with ranges similar to or slightly greater than the baroclinic Rossby radius, likely stirring the large‐scale tracer gradient at this scale. Elevated variances in isopycnal salinity were often observed around the fronts, and variances caused by isolated patches with salinity anomalies were also large. By determining the horizontal scales at which the effects of internal wave heaving becomes dominant, we were able to calculate the potential vorticity (PV) of the balanced flow field. As the PV becomes negative or near zero around the fronts, symmetric instability might have developed.
Cellular shape micromachined actuator ribbons
Authors: Abbasalipour Amin , Palit Prithviraj , Sheikhlari Sepehr , Pakdelian Siavash , Pourkamali Siavash 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work presents a new class of micromachined electrostatic actuators capable of producing output force and displacement unprecedented for MEMS electrostatic actuators. The actuators feature submicron high aspect ratio transduction gaps lined up in two-dimensional arrays. Such an arrangement of microscale actuator cells allows the addition of force and displacements of a large number of cells (up to 7600 in one demonstrated array), leading to displacements ranging in the hundreds of microns and several gram forces of axial force. For 50 µm thick actuators with horizontal dimensions in the 1–4 millimeter range, an out-of-plane displacement of up to 678 µm at 46 V, a bending moment of up to 2.0 µNm, i.e., 0.08 N (~8 gram-force) of axial force over a 50 µm by 2 mm cross-sectional area of the actuator (800 kPa of electrostatically generated stress), and an energy density (mechanical work output per stroke per volume) up to 1.42 mJ/cm3 was demonstrated for the actuators.
Targeting HECTD3-IKKα axis inhibits inflammation-related metastasis
Authors: Li Fubing , Liang Huichun , You Hua , Xiao Ji , Xia Houjun , Chen Xi , Huang Maobo , Cheng Zhuo , Yang Chuanyu , Liu Wenjing , Zhang Hailin , Zeng Li , Wu Yingying , Ge Fei , Li Zhen , Zhou Wenhui , Wen Yi , Zhou Zhongmei , Liu Rong , Jiang Dewei , Xie Ni , Liang Bin , Liu Zhenzhen , Kong Yanjie , Chen Ceshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death. The interactions between circulating tumor cells and endothelial adhesion molecules in distant organs is a key step during extravasation in hematogenous metastasis. Surgery is a common intervention for most primary solid tumors. However, surgical trauma-related systemic inflammation facilitates distant tumor metastasis by increasing the spread and adhesion of tumor cells to vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Currently, there are no effective interventions to prevent distant metastasis. Here, we show that HECTD3 deficiency in ECs significantly reduces tumor metastasis in multiple mouse models. HECTD3 depletion downregulates expression of adhesion molecules, such as VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, in mouse primary ECs and HUVECs stimulated by inflammatory factors and inhibits adhesion of tumor cells to ECs both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that HECTD3 promotes stabilization, nuclear localization and kinase activity of IKKα by ubiquitinating IKKα with K27- and K63-linked polyubiquitin chains at K296, increasing phosphorylation of histone H3 to promote NF-κB target gene transcription. Knockout of HECTD3 in endothelium significantly inhibits tumor cells lung colonization, while conditional knockin promotes that. IKKα kinase inhibitors prevented LPS-induced pulmonary metastasis. These findings reveal the promotional role of the HECTD3-IKKα axis in tumor hematogenous metastasis and provide a potential strategy for tumor metastasis prevention.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived extracellular vesicles carrying lncRNA SNHG3 facilitate colorectal cancer cell proliferation via the miR-34b-5p/HuR/HOXC6 axis
Authors: Zhao Jiangning , Lin Huanrong , Huang Kunsong , Li Shen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate tumorigenesis. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) SNHG3 is implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. The current study sought to clarify the role of CAFs-EVs carrying SNHG3 in CRC cell proliferation. Firstly, CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were cultured and identified, followed by isolation and characterization of CAFs-EVs and NFs-EVs. CRC cells were cultured with CAFs-EVs or CAFs-EVs overexpressing SNHG3. The effects of SNHG3 on CRC cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8, colony formation, and EdU staining assays. The binding relationships among SNHG3, miR-34b-5p, and HuR were validated, in addition to analyzing the binding between HuR and HOXC6. Lastly, xenograft tumor model was established to verify the role of CAFs-EVs carrying SNHG3 in vivo. SNHG3 was highly expressed in CRC cells and CAFs-EVs, whereas CAFs-EVs facilitated CRC cell proliferation. Mechanically, CAFs-EVs carried SNHG3 into CRC cells to upregulate HuR expression by competitively binding to miR-34b-5p, promote the binding of HuR and HOXC6, and enhance HOXC6 transcription. miR-34b-5p over-expression or HOXC6 silencing annulled the effect of CAFs-EVs. SNHG3 carried by CAFs-EVs facilitated CRC proliferationviathe miR-34b-5p/HuR/HOXC6 axis in vivo. Collectively, our findings indicated that CAFs-EVs carried SNHG3 into CRC cells to upregulate HuR expression by sponging miR-34b-5p and finally enhance HOXC6 transcription, thereby facilitating CRC cell proliferation.
Identification of IOMA-class neutralizing antibodies targeting the CD4-binding site on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein
Authors: van Schooten Jelle , Farokhi Elinaz , Schorcht Anna , van den Kerkhof Tom L. G. M. , Gao Hongmei , van der Woude Patricia , Burger Judith A. , Meesters Tim G. Rijkhold , Bijl Tom , Ghalaiyini Riham , Turner Hannah L. , Dorning Jessica , van Schaik Barbera D. C. , van Kampen Antoine H. C. , Labranche Celia C. , Stanfield Robyn L. , Sok Devin , Montefiori David C. , Burton Dennis R. , Seaman Michael S. , Ozorowski Gabriel , Wilson Ian A. , Sanders Rogier W. , Ward Andrew B. , van Gils Marit J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA major goal of current HIV-1 vaccine design efforts is to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). The VH1-2-derived bNAb IOMA directed to the CD4-binding site of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is of interest because, unlike the better-known VH1-2-derived VRC01-class bNAbs, it does not require a rare short light chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDRL3). Here, we describe three IOMA-class NAbs, ACS101-103, with up to 37% breadth, that share many characteristics with IOMA, including an average-length CDRL3. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that ACS101 shares interactions with those observed with other VH1-2 and VH1-46-class bNAbs, but exhibits a unique binding mode to residues in loop D. Analysis of longitudinal sequences from the patient suggests that a transmitter/founder-virus lacking the N276 glycan might have initiated the development of these NAbs. Together these data strengthen the rationale for germline-targeting vaccination strategies to induce IOMA-class bNAbs and provide a wealth of sequence and structural information to support such strategies.
An intranasal ASO therapeutic targeting SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zhu Chi , Lee Justin Y. , Woo Jia Z. , Xu Lei , Nguyenla Xammy , Yamashiro Livia H. , Ji Fei , Biering Scott B. , Van Dis Erik , Gonzalez Federico , Fox Douglas , Wehri Eddie , Rustagi Arjun , Pinsky Benjamin A. , Schaletzky Julia , Blish Catherine A. , Chiu Charles , Harris Eva , Sadreyev Ruslan I. , Stanley Sarah , Kauppinen Sakari , Rouskin Silvi , Näär Anders M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic is exacting an increasing toll worldwide, with new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerging that exhibit higher infectivity rates and that may partially evade vaccine and antibody immunity. Rapid deployment of non-invasive therapeutic avenues capable of preventing infection by all SARS-CoV-2 variants could complement current vaccination efforts and help turn the tide on the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we describe a novel therapeutic strategy targeting the SARS-CoV-2 RNA using locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotides (LNA ASOs). We identify an LNA ASO binding to the 5′ leader sequence of SARS-CoV-2 that disrupts a highly conserved stem-loop structure with nanomolar efficacy in preventing viral replication in human cells. Daily intranasal administration of this LNA ASO in the COVID-19 mouse model potently suppresses viral replication (>80-fold) in the lungs of infected mice. We find that the LNA ASO is efficacious in countering all SARS-CoV-2 “variants of concern” tested both in vitro and in vivo. Hence, inhaled LNA ASOs targeting SARS-CoV-2 represents a promising therapeutic approach to reduce or prevent transmission and decrease severity of COVID-19 in infected individuals. LNA ASOs are chemically stable and can be flexibly modified to target different viral RNA sequences and could be stockpiled for future coronavirus pandemics.
The role of gene expression and symbiosis in reef-building coral acquired heat tolerance
Authors: Strader Marie E. , Quigley Kate M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPredicting how reef-building corals will respond to accelerating ocean warming caused by climate change requires knowledge of how acclimation and symbiosis modulate heat tolerance in coral early life-history stages. We assayed transcriptional responses to heat in larvae and juveniles of 11 reproductive crosses of Acropora tenuis colonies along the Great Barrier Reef. Larvae produced from the warmest reef had the highest heat tolerance, although gene expression responses to heat were largely conserved by cross identity. Juvenile transcriptional responses were driven strongly by symbiosis – when in symbiosis with heat-evolved Symbiodiniaceae, hosts displayed intermediate expression between its progenitor Cladocopium and the more stress tolerant Durusdinium, indicating the acquisition of tolerance is a conserved evolutionary process in symbionts. Heat-evolved Symbiodiniaceae facilitated juvenile survival under heat stress, although host transcriptional responses to heat were positively correlated among those hosting different genera of Symbiodiniaceae. These findings reveal the relative contribution of parental environmental history as well as symbiosis establishment in coral molecular responses to heat in early life-history stages.
Genome-wide associations of aortic distensibility suggest causality for aortic aneurysms and brain white matter hyperintensities
Authors: Francis Catherine M. , Futschik Matthias E. , Huang Jian , Bai Wenjia , Sargurupremraj Muralidharan , Teumer Alexander , Breteler Monique M. B. , Petretto Enrico , Ho Amanda S. R. , Amouyel Philippe , Engelter Stefan T. , Bülow Robin , Völker Uwe , Völzke Henry , Dörr Marcus , Imtiaz Mohammed-Aslam , Aziz N. Ahmad , Lohner Valerie , Ware James S. , Debette Stephanie , Elliott Paul , Dehghan Abbas , Matthews Paul M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAortic dimensions and distensibility are key risk factors for aortic aneurysms and dissections, as well as for other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. We present genome-wide associations of ascending and descending aortic distensibility and area derived from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of up to 32,590 Caucasian individuals in UK Biobank. We identify 102 loci (including 27 novel associations) tagging genes related to cardiovascular development, extracellular matrix production, smooth muscle cell contraction and heritable aortic diseases. Functional analyses highlight four signalling pathways associated with aortic distensibility (TGF-β, IGF, VEGF and PDGF). We identify distinct sex-specific associations with aortic traits. We develop co-expression networks associated with aortic traits and apply phenome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR-PheWAS), generating evidence for a causal role for aortic distensibility in development of aortic aneurysms. Multivariable MR suggests a causal relationship between aortic distensibility and cerebral white matter hyperintensities, mechanistically linking aortic traits and brain small vessel disease.
Atomic-scale thermopower in charge density wave states
Authors: Kim Dohyun , Shin Eui-Cheol , Lee Yongjoon , Lee Young Hee , Zhao Mali , Kim Yong-Hyun , Yang Heejun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe microscopic origins of thermopower have been investigated to design efficient thermoelectric devices, but strongly correlated quantum states such as charge density waves and Mott insulating phase remain to be explored for atomic-scale thermopower engineering. Here, we report on thermopower and phonon puddles in the charge density wave states in 1T-TaS2, probed by scanning thermoelectric microscopy. The Star-of-David clusters of atoms in 1T-TaS2 exhibit counterintuitive variations in thermopower with broken three-fold symmetry at the atomic scale, originating from the localized nature of valence electrons and their interlayer coupling in the Mott insulating charge density waves phase of 1T-TaS2. Additionally, phonon puddles are observed with a spatial range shorter than the conventional mean free path of phonons, revealing the phonon propagation and scattering in the subsurface structures of 1T-TaS2.
Reconfigurable hyperbolic polaritonics with correlated oxide metasurfaces
Authors: Aghamiri Neda Alsadat , Hu Guangwei , Fali Alireza , Zhang Zhen , Li Jiahan , Balendhran Sivacarendran , Walia Sumeet , Sriram Sharath , Edgar James H. , Ramanathan Shriram , Alù Andrea , Abate Yohannes 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolaritons enable subwavelength confinement and highly anisotropic flows of light over a wide spectral range, holding the promise for applications in modern nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. However, to fully realize their practical application potential, facile methods enabling nanoscale active control of polaritons are needed. Here, we introduce a hybrid polaritonic-oxide heterostructure platform consisting of van der Waals crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) or alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3), transferred on nanoscale oxygen vacancy patterns on the surface of prototypical correlated perovskite oxide, samarium nickel oxide, SmNiO3 (SNO). Using a combination of scanning probe microscopy and infrared nanoimaging techniques, we demonstrate nanoscale reconfigurability of complex hyperbolic phonon polaritons patterned at the nanoscale with high resolution. Hydrogenation and temperature modulation allow spatially localized conductivity modulation of SNO nanoscale patterns, enabling robust real-time modulation and nanoscale reconfiguration of hyperbolic polaritons. Our work paves the way towards nanoscale programmable metasurface engineering for reconfigurable nanophotonic applications.
A Multi-Modal Gait Database of Natural Everyday-Walk in an Urban Environment
Authors: Losing Viktor , Hasenjäger Martina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman gait data have traditionally been recorded in controlled laboratory environments focusing on single aspects in isolation. In contrast, the database presented here provides recordings of everyday walk scenarios in a natural urban environment, including synchronized IMU−, FSR−, and gaze data. Twenty healthy participants (five females, fifteen males, between 18 and 69 years old, 178.5 ± 7.64 cm, 72.9 ± 8.7 kg) wore a full-body Lycra suit with 17 IMU sensors, insoles with eight pressure sensing cells per foot, and a mobile eye tracker. They completed three different walk courses, where each trial consisted of several minutes of walking, including a variety of common elements such as ramps, stairs, and pavements. The data is annotated in detail to enable machine-learning-based analysis and prediction. We anticipate the data set to provide a foundation for research that considers natural everyday walk scenarios with transitional motions and the interaction between gait and gaze during walking.
Tartaric acid as a novel additive for approaching high-performance capacity retention in zinc-ion battery
Authors: Molaei Erfan , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi , Shaali Ruhollah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAmong the rechargeable batteries, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), due to their safety, low cost, eco-friendly, and simplicity in construction, have received much attentions. One of the most critical parts of the battery technology is the electrolyte additives, which have been less studied against their essential roles. To develop the quality of these batteries, specific parameters such as economics, easy design, significant time duration, high electrical discharge, fast charge/discharge rate, acceptable power/ energy density, and acceptable cycle efficiency are essential. In this report, is focused on the aqueous solution of some white crystalline organic acids as novel electrolyte additives such as succinic, tartaric, citric, maleic, and/or acetic acids as battery over-voltage reducing agents to modify the electrical performance of the ZIBs. For instance, significant characteristics of tartaric acid as specially selected electrolyte additive to the ZIBs, exhibit an excellent capacity up to 374 mAh g−1with acceptable rate capability and high-capacity retention as large as 91.0% after 7200 cycles. To investigate the battery behavior and propose the probable mechanism behind this phenomenon, some analytical methods are utilized.
Indication of social buffering in disbudded calves
Authors: Bučková Katarína , Moravcsíková Ágnes , Šárová Radka , Rajmon Radko , Špinka Marek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMost dairy calves are housed individually in early ontogeny but social housing has positive effects on calf welfare including an advantage of social buffering, i.e., when negative effects of stress are mitigated through social support of conspecific. The effects of social buffering has not yet been examined in relation to disbudding; a painful husbandry procedure commonly performed on young dairy calves. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pair versus individual housing on calves’ behavioral reaction to disbudding. In total 52 female calves were randomly allocated either to individual (n = 16) or pair housing (n = 36, 18 focal). Calves were hot-iron disbudded with a local anesthetic and their spontaneous behavior in home pens was recorded for 24 h pre- and post-disbudding. Eating forage, ruminating, resting, exploration, play, self-grooming, and pain-related behaviors were quantified during eight 20 min intervals during the 24 h periods pre- as well as post-disbudding. In pair-housed (PAIR) calves social resting, active and passive allo-grooming were additionally recorded. The differences between individually housed (INDI, n = 10) and PAIR calves (n = 12) were tested by general linear models. The changes in pre- and post-disbudding behaviors in all calves as well as in social behaviors of PAIR calves were tested by paired t-test. We found that head shaking (t =  − 3.46, P = 0.0024), head rubbing (t = 4.96, P < 0.0001) and self-grooming (t = 2.11, P = 0.04) increased in all calves after disbudding. Eating forage increased only in PAIR calves (t = 2.50, P = 0.030) which also resulted in a difference between treatments with PAIR calves fed more often than INDI calves (F1,18 = 12.96, P = 0.002). Differences in eating forage may be an indication of improved ability of PAIR calves to recover from disbudding. No other significant differences were detected between treatment groups which might have been caused by our limited sample. Our results provide the first evidence that housing treatment affects calves’ reactions to disbudding, with possible indication of social buffering.
Methods to capture proteomic and metabolomic signatures from cerebrospinal fluid and serum of healthy individuals
Authors: Lilley Laura M. , Sanche Steven , Moore Shepard C. , Salemi Michelle R. , Vu Dung , Iyer Srinivas , Hengartner Nicolas W. , Mukundan Harshini 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDiscovery of reliable signatures for the empirical diagnosis of neurological diseases—both infectious and non-infectious—remains unrealized. One of the primary challenges encountered in such studies is the lack of a comprehensive database representative of a signature background that exists in healthy individuals, and against which an aberrant event can be assessed. For neurological insults and injuries, it is important to understand the normal profile in the neuronal (cerebrospinal fluid) and systemic fluids (e.g., blood). Here, we present the first comparative multi-omic human database of signatures derived from a population of 30 individuals (15 males, 15 females, 23–74 years) of serum and cerebrospinal fluid. In addition to empirical signatures, we also assigned common pathways between serum and CSF. Together, our findings provide a cohort against which aberrant signature profiles in individuals with neurological injuries/disease can be assessed—providing a pathway for comprehensive diagnostics and therapeutics discovery.
A comprehensive analysis of gasdermin family gene as therapeutic targets in pan-cancer
Authors: Huo Cheng-Long , Deng Yan , Sun Zhen-Gang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSix members of the gasdermin family are involved in various biological functions in malignant tumors. The present study aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of gasdermin family genes in pan-cancer. Raw data was acquired from the genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) and the Cancer Genome Atlas. High inter-tumor heterogeneity in the expression between paracancerous and tumor tissues was observed across cancers. Survival analysis confirmed that the risk or protective effects of gasdermin family members on prognosis depended on the cancer types. The mutation frequency appeared to be high, and the mutation group had a worse prognosis. Besides, gasdermin family genes were associated with immune infiltrate subtypes, stromal and immune cell infiltration levels, TMB, MSI, immune checkpoint gene expression, and tumor stemness scores. Moreover, gasdermin family gene expressions affected the expressions of MMR genes and methyltransferases and could predict cancer cells sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Subsequently, the findings were double-checked in LIHC and PAAD. GSEA results indicated the gasdermin family genes mainly involved in tumor metabolism and immune microenvironment remodeling related signaling pathways. In conclusion, our findings confirmed that gasdermin family genes were potential therapeutic cancer targets in pan-cancer.