bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynein functions in galectin-3 mediated processes of clathrin-independent endocytosis
Authors: Mayya Chaithra , Naveena Hema , Sinha Pankhuri , Bhatia Dhiraj 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMultiple endocytic processes operate in cells in tandem for the uptake of multiple cargoes, metabolites, and signaling molecules that are involved in diverse cellular functions including cell adhesion and migration. The best studied endocytic process involves the formation of a well-defined cytoplasmic coat at sites of uptake made of clathrin and its interacting partners. Galectin-3 (Gal3), an endogenous lectin, binds to glycosylated membrane receptors and glycosphingolipids (GSLs) to drive membrane bending, leading to the formation of tubular membrane invaginations which undergo scission to form a morphologically distinct class of uptake structures, termed clathrin-independent carriers (CLICs). This mechanism has been termed the GlycoLipid-Lectin (GL-Lect) hypothesis. Which components from cytoskeletal machinery are involved in the scission of CLICs remains yet to be explored. In this study, we propose that dynein, a retrograde motor protein, is recruited onto Gal3-induced tubular endocytic pits and provides the pulling force to for friction driven scission. Uptake of Gal3 and its cargoes (CD98/CD147) is significantly dependent on dynein activity, whereas the uptake of transferrin (a marker for clathrin-mediated endocytosis) is only slightly affected upon dynein inhibition. Dynein inhibition also affects cellular organelle distribution, 3D cell invasion and wound healing. Our study thereby reveals functions of dynein in individual and collective cell migration in 2D and 3D that are tightly coupled to endocytic processes in cells.
OM-85 reduces SARS-COV-2 viral RNA expression in nasopharyngeal cells from COVID-19 patients
Authors: Cassão Gisele , Antunes Krist Helen , Gonçalvez João Ismael Budelon , Santos Leonardo Duarte , Abbadi Bruno Lopes , Bizarro Cristiano Valim , Machado Pablo , Basso Luiz Augusto , Pasquali Christian , Stein Renato T. , Souza Ana Paula Duarte de 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOM-85 is a bacterial lysate from common respiratory tract pathogens, with an excellent safety profile, widely used to prevent recurrent respiratory tract infections. Several studies have been reporting the antiviral roles of OM-85. Here we demonstrated the effect of ex-vivo OM-85 exposure in nasopharyngeal cells collected from COVID-19 patients. OM-85 decreased the SARS-CoV-2 N1 gene expression and increased RIG-I (DDX58) gene expression in these cells. These data support the antiviral effect of OM-85 against SARS-CoV-2.
Infection- or vaccine mediated immunity reduces SARS-CoV-2 transmission, but increases competitiveness of Omicron in hamsters
Authors: Port Julia R. , Yinda Claude Kwe , Riopelle Jade C. , Weishampel Zachary A. , Saturday Taylor A. , Avanzato Victoria A. , Schulz Jonathan E. , Holbrook Myndi G. , Barbian Kent , Perry-Gottschalk Rose , Haddock Elaine , Martens Craig , Shaia Carl. I. , Lambe Teresa , Gilbert Sarah C. , van Doremalen Neeltje , Munster Vincent J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOmicron has demonstrated a competitive advantage over Delta in vaccinated people. To understand this, we designed a transmission chain experiment using naïve, intranasally (IN) or intramuscularly (IM) vaccinated, and previously infected (PI) hamsters. Vaccination and previous infection protected animals from disease and virus replication after Delta and Omicron dual challenge. A gradient in transmission blockage was observed: IM vaccination displayed moderate transmission blockage potential over three airborne chains (approx. 70%), whereas, IN vaccination and PI blocked airborne transmission in >90%. In naïve hamsters, Delta completely outcompeted Omicron within and between hosts after dual infection in onward transmission. Although Delta also outcompeted Omicron in the vaccinated and PI transmission chains, an increase in Omicron competitiveness was observed in these groups. This correlated with the increase in the strength of the humoral response against Delta, with the strongest response seen in PI animals. These data highlight the continuous need to assess the emergence and spread of novel variants in populations with pre-existing immunity and address the additional evolutionary pressure this may exert on the virus.
Evolution of the Growth Hormone Gene Duplication in Passerine Birds
Authors: Rasband Shauna A. , Bolton Peri E. , Fang Qi , Johnson Philip L. F. , Braun Michael J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBirds of the order Passeriformes represent the most speciose radiation of land vertebrates, yet the cause or causes of their elevated species richness have not been satisfactorily explained. One potential key adaptation is their sole lineage-specific gene, a duplicate copy of growth hormone (GH), present in all major lineages of passerines, but in no other group of birds. Growth hormone genes plausibly influence extreme life history traits that passerines exhibit, including the shortest embryo-to-fledging developmental period of any avian order. To unravel the implications of this GH duplication, we investigated the molecular evolution of the ancestral avian GH gene (GH or GH1) and the novel passerine GH paralog (GH2), using 497 gene sequences extracted from 342 genomes. Passerine GH1 and GH2 are reciprocally monophyletic, consistent with a single duplication event from a microchromosome onto a macrochromosome in a common ancestor of extant passerines. Additional chromosomal rearrangements have changed the syntenic and potential regulatory context of these genes. Both passerine GH1 and GH2 paralogs display substantially higher rates of nonsynonymous codon change than non-passerine avian GH, suggesting positive selection following duplication. A site involved in signal peptide cleavage is under selection in both paralogs. Other sites under positive selection differ between the two paralogs, but many are clustered in one region of a 3D model of the protein. Both paralogs retain key functional features and are actively but differentially expressed in two major passerine suborders. These phenomena suggest that growth hormone genes may be evolving novel adaptive roles in passerine birds.
Investigating the mediating role of sustainability disclosure in the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance in Jordan
Authors: Alodat Ahmad Yuosef , Salleh Zalailah , Hashim Hafiza Aishah , Sulong Farizah 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the effect of sustainability disclosure (SD) as a mediator for the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and the performance of firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE).Design/methodology/approachThe study analysed 405 reports of firms listed on the ASE from 2014 to 2018. The direct and indirect impact of governance mechanisms on the firms' performance was examined using STATA 15. A four-step procedure for testing mediation was used to determine the mediating role of SD.FindingsThe results demonstrated that the board and audit committees' effectiveness positively and significantly influences the firm's performance. Additionally, the results demonstrated that SD partially mediates the relationship between CG and the firm's performance.Research limitations/implicationsResearch implications – This study supported the assumptions of agency, resource dependence and stakeholder theories as the basis to explain the relationship among board’s effectiveness, audit committee’s effectiveness, sustainability report and firm performance in developing economies. In addition, the results suggested that CG helps to enhance the firm's performance and sustainability reporting. Firms providing sustainable report are deemed more responsible and attract more returns to firms. Research limitations – The study only focused on reports from five years for non-financial firms listed on the ASE to test the assumed relationship between the variables.Practical implicationsThis study contributed to the body of knowledge by examining the mediating role of SD between CG and firm performance. Investors, managers and regulators can obtain further insights, especially those seeking to improve a firm's performance in the emerging markets, through a sound CG system and extensive sustainability reporting.Originality/valueThis study focused on the direct and indirect impacts of CG and firm performance in an emerging and developing economy. The study used SD as the mediating variable in examining the indirect effect.
Melanocytic matricoma with atypical features: A case of malignant melanocytic matricoma?
Authors: Melson Gabriella J. , Hong Sophiette G. , Brem Candice E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMelanocytic matricoma is a rarely reported, benign cutaneous adnexal neoplasm composed of epithelial cells exhibiting differentiation towards hair matrix as well as admixed, pigmented, dendritic melanocytes. The proposed malignant counterpart to melanocytic matricoma, malignant melanocytic matricoma (MMM), is even more rare. Here we report a case of a melanocytic matricoma with atypical features in a 92‐year‐old female with a 1.2‐cm pigmented nodule on the right nasal sidewall. Histopathology revealed a well‐circumscribed dermal tumor composed of atypical matrical cells with scattered aggregates of anucleate keratinocytes (ghost cells), prominent intratumoral pigment, numerous mitotic figures (88 mitosis/10 high‐power field [HPF]), and intermixed dendritic melanocytes. A literature review was performed for MMM to determine if the current case fit diagnostic criteria for this entity. Including the current case, 12 cases of MMM were identified and analyzed to investigate common clinical and histopathologic features. MMM commonly occurred on the head and neck (7/12 cases) of older individuals (median age of 80) with a slight male predominance (male‐to‐female ratio of 3:1) and on histopathology presented as a multinodular dermal tumor composed of mitotically active (average mitotic rate of >50 mitoses/10 HPF) pleomorphic epithelial cells with foci of ghost cells. Dendritic melanocytes were found throughout the tumor lobules in all cases. Given that only two of 12 cases have exhibited locally aggressive behavior, further study is warranted to determine the true malignant potential of MMM.
Soil microbiota explain differences in herbivore resistance between native and invasive populations of a perennial herb
Authors: Kalske Aino , Blande James D. , Ramula Satu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Soil microbiota can either slow down or facilitate plant invasions through their effects on plant performance. Associations with soil microbiota can also modify other plant traits such as herbivore resistance, which can indirectly affect the outcome of plant introductions.

We studied the effects of soil microbiota on the perennial herbaceous legume Lupinus polyphyllus that hosts nitrogen‐fixing mutualistic bacteria. We compared the plant performance, herbivore resistance and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of plants from native (North American) and invasive (Finnish) populations of the species that were inoculated with intact or autoclaved soil from an invasive population.

We found that plants of both origins greatly benefited from the intact soil inoculum with respect to all performance measures considered, suggesting that beneficial nitrogen‐fixing rhizobia in the soil play a major role in shaping plant phenotypes. For three traits, effects of the intact soil inoculum were stronger in plants of native origin than in plants of invasive origin (number of leaves, herbivore resistance and total biomass). With the intact soil inoculum, plants of invasive origin were more resistant to snails than plants of native origin. Strikingly, differences in resistance to snails between plants of different origins disappeared entirely when soil microbes were reduced. Soil inoculum treatment altered the composition of the leaf VOC bouquet similarly regardless of plant origin.

Synthesis. These results demonstrate the ability of Lupinus polyphyllus to associate with and benefit from putatively novel soil microbiota including rhizobia, which has likely contributed to its invasion success. Furthermore, it appears that the invasive populations have adapted to be less reliant on their symbionts, which further facilitates species spread. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that differences in herbivore resistance between native and invasive plant populations of the same species can depend entirely on soil microbiota.
My mother, my mirror? Three generations encounter family therapy
Authors: Grasaasen Anne 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article tells the story of the encounters of my mother, my daughter and myself with family therapy during divorce. The narrative employs evocative autoethnography, a research method in which my voice is viewed as a continuance of other voices emanating from the culture. I am researcher and informant both, and thereby, my own source. Events from the marital break‐ups of three generations are explored in relation to family therapeutic practice using an insider perspective. The results indicate that shame has been prominent for all of us. A common thread through our stories is how shame can be seen in the ways we each experienced the distribution of power through the exercise of family therapy, in which practice appears to be strongly shaped by social discourses. The method of autoethnography can be useful to expand the concept of knowledge as well as produce detailed research into family life through elevation of intimate stories often suppressed by larger meta‐narratives.
The Roles of Data Providers and Analysts in the Production, Dissemination, and Pricing of Street Earnings
Authors: BOCHKAY KHRYSTYNA , MARKOV STAN , SUBASI MUSA , WEISBROD ERIC 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTIn September 2009, Thomson Reuters (TR) discontinued its practice of relying on analysts to determine the treatment of unexpected charges and gains in favor of their immediate exclusion from GAAP earnings. Adopting a difference‐in‐differences approach, we show that this plausibly exogenous change in TR's methodology resulted in street earnings that are more predictive of future performance; and timelier, more accurate, and less dispersed analyst forecasts of future earnings, consistent with TR enhancing the properties of street earnings and analyst forecasts. Finally, using path analysis we show that a significant portion of TR's effect on price discovery is through its effect on analysts; and that the change in TR's treatment of unexpected items increased (decreased) the relative influence of TR (analysts) on the pricing of street earnings. We conclude that forecast data providers like TR are more than a conduit of information from analysts to investors.
FreshOmics: A manually curated and standardized –omics database for investigating freshwater microbiomes
Authors: Biderre‐Petit Corinne , Charvy Jean‐Christophe , Bronner Gisèle , Chauvet Marina , Debroas Didier , Gardon Hélène , Hennequin Claire , Jouan‐Dufournel Isabelle , Moné Anne , Monjot Arthur , Ravet Viviane , Vellet Agnès , Lepère Cécile 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFreshwater is a critical resource for human survival but severely threatened by anthropogenic activities and climate change. These changes strongly impact the abundance and diversity of the microbial communities which are key players in the functioning of these aquatic ecosystems. Although widely documented since the emergence of high‐throughput sequencing approaches, the information on these natural microbial communities is scattered among thousands of publications and it is therefore difficult to investigate the temporal dynamics and the spatial distribution of microbial taxa within or across ecosystems. To fill this gap and in the FAIR principles context we built a manually curated and standardized microbial freshwater –omics database (FreshOmics). Based on recognized ontologies (ENVO, MIMICS, GO, ISO), FreshOmics describes 29 different types of freshwater ecosystems and uses standardized attributes to depict biological samples, sequencing protocols and article attributes for more than 2487 geographical locations across 71 countries around the world. The database contains 24,808 sequence identifiers (i.e., Run_Id / Exp_ID, mainly from SRA/DDBJ SRA/ENA, GSA and MG‐RAST repositories) covering all sequence‐based ‐omics approaches used to investigate bacteria, archaea, microbial eukaryotes, and viruses. Therefore, FreshOmics allows accurate and comprehensive analyses of microbial communities to answer questions related to their roles in freshwater ecosystems functioning and resilience, especially through meta‐analysis studies. This collection also highlights different sort of errors in published works (e.g., wrong coordinates, sample type, material, spelling).
Identification of symptom clusters in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Yang Wen , Rong Li , Xu Quan , Fu Xiaoli , Deng Xiaohong , Hu Ailing , Jiang Yutong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSymptom cluster refers to a group of 3 or more related symptoms that occur together. Our objectives were to: (1) investigate the frequency, severity and gender difference of symptoms in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS); and (2) identify symptom clusters in AS patients. A cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based survey was conducted using the Patient Health Questionnaire Symptoms Group combined with self‐designed variables. Demographic and symptom variables between male and female patients in terms of C‐reactive protein (CRP) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐B27 status were analyzed with 2‐tailed independent t test for continuous variables and Chi‐square or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Symptom clusters were extracted and analyzed by principal component analysis. There were 122 AS patients included in the study. The most severe symptoms included severe back pain, extremity or joint pain, difficulty in breathing, constipation, intestine discomfort and diarrhea. Stomachache was more prevalent in male patients in which odds ratio was 4.60 (CI 1.59‐12.97) (P = .006). Patients with HLA‐B27 negativity or a higher CRP value were more likely to have dry mouth. Four symptom clusters were classified, which explained 58.4% of the total variation. They were named as the gastrointestinal‐cardiac cluster, the fatigue‐sleep disturbance cluster, the headache‐chest pain cluster, and the mouth‐eye cluster. The symptoms appeared to cluster into 4 groups in AS patients, which should be noticed in clinical care.
Sirt1 overexpression improves senescence‐associated pulmonary fibrosis induced by vitamin D deficiency through downregulating IL‐11 transcription
Authors: Zhou Jiawen , Chen Haiyun , Wang Qiuyi , Chen Sihan , Wang Rong , Wang Ziyang , Yang Cuicui , Chen Ao , Zhao Jingyu , Zhou Zihao , Mao Zhiyuan , Zuo Guoping , Miao Dengshun , Jin Jianliang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDetermining the mechanism of senescence‐associated pulmonary fibrosis is crucial for designing more effective treatments for chronic lung diseases. This study aimed to determine the following: whether Sirt1 and serum vitamin D decreased with physiological aging, promoting senescence‐associated pulmonary fibrosis by activating TGF‐β1/IL‐11/MEK/ERK signaling, whether Sirt1 overexpression prevented TGF‐β1/IL‐11/MEK/ERK signaling‐mediated senescence‐associated pulmonary fibrosis in vitamin D‐deficient (Cyp27b1−/−) mice, and whether Sirt1 downregulated IL‐11 expression transcribed by TGF‐β1/Smad2 signaling through deacetylating histone at the IL‐11 promoter in pulmonary fibroblasts. Bioinformatics analysis with RNA sequencing data from pulmonary fibroblasts of physiologically aged mice was conducted for correlation analysis. Lungs from young and physiologically aged wild‐type (WT) mice were examined for cell senescence, fibrosis markers, and TGF‐β1/IL‐11/MEK/ERK signaling proteins, and 1,25(OH)2D3 and IL‐11 levels were detected in serum. Nine‐week‐old WT, Sirt1 mesenchymal transgene (Sirt1Tg), Cyp27b1−/−, and Sirt1TgCyp27b1−/− mice were observed the pulmonary function, aging, and senescence‐associated secretory phenotype and TGF‐β1/IL‐11/MEK/ERK signaling. We found that pulmonary Sirt1 and serum vitamin D decreased with physiological aging, activating TGF‐β1/IL‐11/MEK/ERK signaling, and promoting senescence‐associated pulmonary fibrosis. Sirt1 overexpression improved pulmonary dysfunction, aging, DNA damage, senescence‐associated secretory phenotype, and fibrosis through downregulating TGF‐β1/IL‐11/MEK/ERK signaling in Cyp27b1−/− mice. Sirt1 negatively regulated IL‐11 expression through deacetylating H3K9/14ac mainly at the region from −871 to −724 of IL‐11 promoter, also the major binding region of Smad2 which regulated IL‐11 expression at the transcriptional level, and subsequently inhibiting TGF‐β1/IL‐11/MEK/ERK signaling in pulmonary fibroblasts. This signaling in aging fibroblasts could be a therapeutic target for preventing senescence‐associated pulmonary fibrosis induced by vitamin D deficiency.
Introduction of the day case total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) protocol
Authors: Byford Sally , Madhok Drishti , Baldan Paula , Amey Guy , Barber James , Harris Rhys , Walker Graeme 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundTraditionally total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) patients are admitted for 1–2 days post‐operatively. Day case TLH has been proven to be feasible and safe in other countries; however, this tertiary Queensland hospital is one of the first Australian institutions to introduce a day case TLH protocol.AimTo pilot the implementation of our day case TLH protocol assessing the feasibility, safety and patient satisfaction of same‐day discharge.Materials and MethodsA retrospective audit of the implementation of our day case TLH protocol at a tertiary Queensland hospital was conducted. Primary outcome was length of post‐operative hospital stay. Secondary outcomes included perioperative complications and post‐operative re‐presentation rates. Patient satisfaction was assessed through a patient questionnaire.ResultsSeventy‐seven patients were included in the study. There were 94.81% patients who went home on the same day. Their average length of post‐operative hospital stay was 7.72 (SD ± 3.36) hours. Of the patients who did achieve same‐day discharge, the average length of stay was 7.05 (SD ±1.46) hours. There were no significant differences in perioperative complications or re‐presentation rates compared to previously published literature. Patients reported they were extremely satisfied with day case TLH.ConclusionThe implementation of our day case TLH protocol is feasible, safe and well received by patients in our tertiary Australian hospital. These results can have multimodal effects in healthcare: decrease in hospital costs by reducing length of stay and overnight admissions, improved theatre efficiency and patient flow, while maintaining patient safety and satisfaction.