bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INCREASED DISTANCE FROM THE CLINIC LEADS TO HIGHER LOSS TO FOLLOW-UP AFTER PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Deans John R. , George Roshan , Aldaas Khalid , Van Buren Eric D. , Ulrich J. Niklas 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
The importance of consistent outpatient follow-up for management of diabetic eye disease has been well-established. The objective of this study was to identify patient factors associated with being lost to follow-up in postsurgical patients after undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for diabetic eye disease.

Methods:
The charts of diabetic patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage at an academic medical center by a single surgeon between 2012 and 2019 were reviewed. The rates of loss to follow-up during the postoperative period were compared based on patient distance from the clinic and insurance status.

Results:
A total of 144 patients met inclusion criteria. A total of 45 patients (31.25%) were lost to follow-up during the 3-month postoperative period. The rate of loss to follow-up increased with every postoperative visit and was significantly higher for patients living greater than 30 miles from the clinic versus patients living within 30 miles from the clinic. There was no statistically significant difference in loss to follow-up based on insurance status.

Conclusion:
Increased distance from the clinic presents a challenge to providing safe and effective postsurgical care to diabetic patients. This presents opportunities for comanagement or other creative strategies to improve postsurgical follow-up rates for at-risk patients.
Thirty-Day Readmission Among Patients With Uncomplicated Choledocholithiasis
Authors: Wang Yichen , Murphy Dermot , Li Si , Chen Bing , Peluso Heather , Sondhi Vikram , Abougergi Marwan S. 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim:
We aimed to determine the rate of 30-day hospital readmissions of uncomplicated choledocholithiasis and its impact on mortality and health care use in the United States.

Methods:
Nonelective admissions for adults with uncomplicated choledocholithiasis were selected from the Nationwide Readmission Database 2016-2018. The primary outcome was the all-cause 30-day readmission rate. Secondary outcomes were reasons for readmission, readmission mortality rate, procedures, and resource use (length of stay and total hospitalization costs and charges). Independent risk factors for readmission were identified using Cox regression analysis.

Results:
The 30-day rate of readmission was 9.3%. Biliary and pancreatic disorders and postprocedural complications accounted for 36.6% and 10.3% of readmission, respectively. The mortality rate among patients readmitted to the hospital was higher than that for index admissions (2.0% vs. 0.4%, P<0.01). Readmitted patients were less likely to receive endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (61% vs. 69%, P<0.01) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (12.5% vs. 26%, P<0.01) during the index admissions. A total of 42,150 hospital days was associated with readmission, and the total health care in-hospital economic burden was $112 million (in costs) and $470 million (in charges). Independent predictors of readmission were male sex, Medicare (compared with private) insurance, higher Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score, no endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or laparoscopic cholecystectomy, postprocedural complications of the digestive system, hemodynamic or respiratory support, urban hospitals, and lower hospital volume of uncomplicated choledocholithiasis.

Conclusions:
The uncomplicated choledocholithiasis 30-day readmission rate is 9.3%. Readmission was associated with higher mortality, morbidity, and resource use. Multiple independent predictors of readmission were identified.
Steroid Use and Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Trivedi Hirsh D. , Lopes Emily W. , Glissen Brown Jeremy , Dudani Shaan , Lai Michelle , Feuerstein Joseph D. , Pierce Theodore T. 
Published: June 2022

Goals:
We sought to evaluate the association of steroids with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Background:
Patients with IBD are at increased risk of NAFLD. Steroids may have a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

Study:
We searched MEDLINE (through PubMed) and Embase for studies from inception to July 2021. We included published interventional and observational studies of adults 18 years or older with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. We reported odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and generated forest plots. A random effects model generated a summary effect estimate. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plot and Egger’s test. Study quality was examined using modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).

Results:
A total of 12 observational studies with 3497 participants were included. NAFLD was identified in 1017 (29.1%) patients. The pooled odds ratio for the development of NAFLD in steroid users versus non-users was 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.72-1.04). There was no significant heterogeneity between studies (I²=0.00%, P=0.13). No publication bias was detected by funnel plot or Egger’s test (P=0.24). Findings were consistent among subgroup analyses stratified by study quality.

Conclusion:
In this meta-analysis, steroids were not associated with NAFLD in patients with IBD. Steroids may not need to be withheld from patients with IBD for the purposes of preventing NAFLD. Additional prospective studies that systematically document steroid exposure and important confounders among patients with IBD are warranted.
Targeted reduction of airborne viral transmission risk in residential aged care
Authors: Brass Amanda , Shoubridge Andrew P , Larby Nicolas , Elms Levi , Sims Sarah K , Flynn Erin , Miller Caroline , Crotty Maria , Papanicolas Lito E , Wesselingh Steve L , Morawska Lidia , Bell Scott C , Taylor Steven L , Rogers Geraint B 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 has demonstrated the devastating consequences of the rapid spread of an airborne virus in residential aged care. We report the use of CO2-based ventilation assessment to empirically identify potential “super-spreader” zones within an aged care facility, and determine the efficacy of rapidly implemented, inexpensive, risk reduction measures.
Anti-COVID-19 Activity of FDA Approved Drugs through RNA G-quadruplex Binding
Authors: Roy Shuvra Shekhar , Sharma Shalu , Rizvi Zaigham Abbas , Sinha Dipanjali , Gupta Divya , Rophina Mercy , Sehgal Paras , Sadhu Srikanth , Tripathy Manas Ranjan , Samal Sweety , Maiti Souvik , Scaria Vinod , Sivasubbu Sridhar , Awasthi Amit , Harshan Krishnan H , Jain Sanjeev , Chowdhury Shantanu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has caused millions of infections and deaths worldwide. Limited treatment options and the threat from emerging variants underline the need for novel and widely accessible therapeutics. G-quadruplexes (G4s) are nucleic acid secondary structures known to affect many cellular processes including viral replication and transcription. We identified heretofore not reported G4s with remarkably low mutation frequency across >5 million SARS-CoV-2 genomes. The G4 structure was targeted using FDA-approved drugs that can bind G4s - Chlorpromazine (CPZ) and Prochlorperazine (PCZ). We found significant inhibition in lung pathology and lung viral load of SARS-CoV-2 challenged hamsters when treated with CPZ, PCZ that was comparable to the widely used antiviral drug Remdesivir. In support, in vitro G4 binding, inhibition of reverse transcription from RNA isolated from COVID-infected humans, and attenuated viral replication and infectivity in Vero cell cultures were clear in case of both CPZ/PCZ. Apart from the wide accessibility of CPZ/PCZ, targeting relatively invariant nucleic acid structures poses an attractive strategy against fast mutating viruses like SARS-CoV-2.
CPPVec: an accurate coding potential predictor based on a distributed representation of protein sequence
Authors: Wei Chao , Ye Zhiwei , Zhang Junying , Li Aimin 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in numbers of biological processes and have received wide attention during the past years. Meanwhile, the rapid development of high-throughput transcriptome sequencing technologies (RNA-seq) lead to a large amount of RNA data, it is urgent to develop a fast and accurate coding potential predictor. Many computational methods have been proposed to alleviate this issue, they usually exploit information on open reading frame (ORF), k-mer, evolutionary signatures, or known protein databases. Despite the effectiveness, these methods still have much room to improve. Indeed, none of these methods exploit the context information of sequence, simple measures that are calculated with the continuous nucleotides are not enough to reflect global sequence order information. In view of this shortcoming, here, we present a novel alignment-free method, CPPVec, which exploits the global sequence order information of transcript for coding potential prediction for the first time, it can be easily implemented by distributed representation (e.g., doc2vec) of protein sequence translated from the longest ORF. Tests on human, mouse, zebrafish, fruit fly and Saccharomyces cerevisiae datasets demonstrate that CPPVec is an accurate coding potential predictor and significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods.
The Role of EBP50 in Regulating Endothelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Gorelova Anastasia , Berman Mariah , Sharifi-Sanjani Maryam , Rocha Andres Pulgarin , Alsuraimi Anas , Riva Patricia , Negi Vinny , Bertero Thomas , Goncharov Dmitry , Kudryashova Tatiana , Dosunmu-Ogunbi Atinuke , Rajaratnam Arun , Harvey Lloyd , Nouraie Mehdi , Baust Jeffrey , Bachman Timothy , Sebastiani Andrea , Sembrat John , Vargas Sara O. , Waxman Aaron B. , Saggar Rajan , Kumar Rahul , Graham Brian , Straub Adam C. , Goncharova Elena A. , Mora Ana , Chan Stephen Y. , Al Ghouleh Imad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePulmonary hypertension (PH) is a cardiopulmonary disease manifesting in increased pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular dysfunction. PH pathogenesis involves extensive pulmonary vascular remodeling precipitated, at least in part, by endothelial reprogramming. Mounting evidence points to endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) as an important potentiator of endothelial reprogramming in PH, yet progress in dissecting these processes remains limited.Approach and ResultsLung samples from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients and two rodent models of PH were used. Expression of the scaffolding protein ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50, or NHERF1) was downregulated in PAH patient pulmonary arteries and isolated pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs), and in PH animal lung tissue and mouse isolated PAECs. In human PAECs in vitro, EBP50 was downregulated by PH-relevant stimuli, hypoxia and proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Phenocopy of EBP50 reduction in PAECs time-dependently increased expression and nuclear abundance of EndMT transcription factors Snail and Zeb1, and potentiated hypoxia-driven upregulation of Slug. Loss of EBP50 also drove expression of mesenchymal markers S100A4, fibronectin, N-cadherin, and transgelin (SM22), and inhibited cell proliferation and barrier function. In vivo studies on female EBP50+/- mice demonstrated that downregulation of EBP50 exacerbated the chronic hypoxia-induced rise in RV maximum pressure.ConclusionsThese data identify EBP50 as a key regulator of EndMT in PH whose expression is downregulated in PH patient pulmonary endothelium and whose partial deletion exacerbates PH disease manifestations in rodents, opening doors for future therapeutic strategies to target EBP50 restoration to reverse PH.
Lipid flipping in the omega-3 fatty-acid transporter
Authors: Nguyen Chi , Lei Hsiang-Ting , Lai Louis Tung Faat , Gallenito Marc J. , Matthies Doreen , Gonen Tamir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMfsd2a is the primary transporter for the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid, across the blood brain barrier (BBB). Defects in Mfsd2a are linked to ailments from behavioral, learning, and motor dysfunctions to severe microcephaly. Mfsd2a typically transports long-chain unsaturated fatty-acids, including DHA and α-Linolenic acid (ALA), that are attached to the zwitterionic lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) headgroup. Even with two recently determined structures of Mfsd2a the molecular details of how this transporter performs the energetically unfavorable task of translocating and flipping lysolipids across the lipid bilayer remained unclear. Here, we report five single-particle cryo-EM structures of the Danio rerio Mfsd2a (drMfsd2a): in the inward-open conformation in the ligand-free state and bound to ALA-LPC at four unique positions along the substrate translocation pathway. These Mfsd2a snapshots detail the Na+-dependent flipping mechanism of the lipid-LPC from outer to inner membrane leaflet during ligand translocation through the Mfsd2a substrate tunnel and release for membrane integration on the cytoplasmic side. These results also map Mfsd2a mutants that disrupt lipid-LPC transport and are associated with known disease. Together these results provide a model for omega-3 fatty-acid transport and has the potential for the design of the delivery strategies for amphipathic drugs across the BBB.
Microscopic origin of high corrosion resistance in 316L stainless steel by acidic passivation treatments
Authors: Niu Chengchang , Deng Shiqing , Yan Yu , Wu Leigang , Tao Ran , Chen Jun 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to fill the knowledge gap in the microscopic origin of high corrosion resistance in the passivated 316 L stainless steel.

Design/methodology/approach
Here, the pitting corrosion potential of the passivated 316 L stainless steel is measured, as well as the non-passivated one. Using the aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, the microstructure of the passive film is unambiguously revealed. Combining the electron energy loss spectroscopy with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the depth profiling analysis is conducted and the variations in composition from the very surface of the passive film to the internal steel are clarified.

Findings
By optimizing the passivation treatment process, the authors significantly increase the pitting corrosion potential of the passivated 316 L stainless steel by 300 mV, compared with the non-passivated one. The passive film features a unique amorphous multilayer structure. On the basis of the depth profiling analysis, the origin of the high corrosion resistance achieved is unraveled, in which the redistribution of elements in the multilayer passive film, especially the enrichment of Cr in the topmost layer and Ni at the film-metal interface, prevent the oxidization of the inner iron of the steel.

Originality/value
This study advances understanding of the nature of the passive film from a microscopic view, which can be helpful for the further improvement of the corrosion resistance performance.

Graphical Abstract
This study introduces a model for the multilayer structure of passive films that reveals the reconstitution of the passive films after the opportune passivation treatments. Due to the redistribution of elements caused by passivation, the enrichment of Cr in the outer layer and Ni near the film-metal interface leads to enhance corrosion resistance performance.
Psychiatric severity and stress among recovery home residents utilizing medication assisted treatment: a moderated mediation analysis of homophily
Authors: Majer John M. , Bobak Ted J. , Jason Leonard A. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between psychiatric severity and stress among persons utilizing medication assisted treatment (MAT), and there is a need to identify resources that promote resilience against these risk factors. Although recovery homes might complement pharmacological interventions for persons using MAT, a lack of homophily (e.g. similar experiences) among residents could produce stress and increase psychiatric severity. The purpose of this paper is to examine stress and psychiatric severity in relation to recovery outcomes, and whether homophily moderated these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among recovery home residents who were recruited from the USA, including those using (n = 40) and not using (n = 132) MAT. Participants’ levels of psychiatric severity, stress, abstinence self-efficacy and quality of life were assessed in addition to whether residents using MAT were living with at least one other resident who used MAT. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether homophily among residents using MAT would moderate the mediating effects of stress on the relationships between psychiatric severity and recovery outcomes (abstinence-self efficacy, quality of life).

Findings
Mediating effects were observed but they were significant only through homophily. Although stress increased the negative effects of psychiatric severity among residents using MAT, significantly lesser effects were observed among those living with residents using MAT.

Practical implications
Although psychiatric (problem) severity and stress threaten recovery for persons with substance use disorders, little is known how they impact recovery among those living in community-based settings such as recovery homes. In addition, there is a need to identify community resources that would complement MAT protocols, as patients who use MAT face unique stressors related to their sense of shared interests and experiences (i.e. homophily) when developing social bonds with others in recovery.

Social implications
This study suggests the social networks within recovery homes reduce the effects of psychiatric severity and stress, and that these effects are lessened for residents who use MAT when they live with others who also use MAT.

Originality/value
Little is known about recovery home residents who use MAT and have high psychiatric severity. Findings suggest homophily among persons using MAT living in recovery homes who have high psychiatric severity can promote resilience.
Indigenous healing in South Africa: looking for a tree of truth in the forest of illusions
Authors: Maluleka Jan Resenga , Nkwe Marcia 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the indigenous healing space in South Africa, by zooming in on the confusions that are faced by young people in the country. These muddles are a result of the country’s colonial and apartheid history which left the population divided between the Western and African philosophies when it comes to health among other things. The recent technological developments which are embraced by some of the healers exposed the space to exploitation by criminal elements.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative study used content analysis and interviews to gather data.

Findings
The results suggest that the indigenous healing space in South Africa is poorly regulated and a fertile breeding ground for criminals. As a result, it is not easy to distinguish between genuine healers and bogus ones. The technological advancement, especially social media, has exposed the space to further exploitation by criminal elements.

Originality/value
This study paints a picture of the indigenous healing space in the age of technology in South Africa. This study further explains challenges faced by South Africans in navigating philosophical challenges influenced by their colonial past.
Implications of accountability on employment and income: evidence from Nigerian’s deposit banks
Authors: Asaleye Abiola John , Babajide Abiola Ayopo , Inegbedion Henry , Eluyela Damilola Felix , Lawal Adedoyin Isola , Maimako Rotdelmwa Filibus 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe issues of ineffective accountability have affected the performance of banks, which led the Nigerian government to introduce various reforms and policies. However, despite these attempts, the Nigerian banking sector experiences setbacks due to mismanagement of funds, fraudulent activities and lack of proper accountability, which negatively affects employment and income.Design/methodology/approachThe dynamic least square was employed to investigate the selected indicators of Nigerian banks’ accountability, income and employment. Likewise, the study examined the causal effect using the Granger non-causality approach.FindingsIn the income equation, the total amount of fraud, deposit, total bank asset has a negative relationship with the income, while loan advance and operating expense depicted a positive relationship. In the employment equation, demand deposit, operating cost and bank total asset practices negatively affect employment. In contrast, loan advances and saving deposits have a positive relationship with employment in the long run.Practical implicationsBased on the findings, this study suggests, among others, the need for long-term systematic policies and reforms to improve the level of accountability in the Nigerian banking sector.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, empirical studies examining the nexus between employment and accountability in the banking sector remain scarce in the literature. Therefore, this study examines the causality and long-run relationship between accountability and employment in Nigerian Banks.
Everyday information behavior during the “new normal” of the Covid-19 pandemic: approaching the notions of experiential and local knowledge
Authors: Montesi Michela 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to understand everyday information behavior (IB) during the Covid-19 pandemic at the “new normal” stage, focusing on the notions of experiential knowledge (EK), i.e. knowledge acquired by first-hand experience or in personal interactions, and local knowledge (LK) as perception of local environment.Design/methodology/approachSeventeen interviews were carried out in February–May 2021, in a district of the city of Madrid (Spain). Interview transcripts were analyzed according to grounded theory, to identify major and complementary themes of EK and LK.FindingsParticipants’ stories show that EK cooperated with information originating from government, scientific authorities and mainstream media, in patterns of convergence and divergence. While convergence produces “thick knowledge” (knowledge perceived as solid, real and multidimensional), divergence leads to uncertainty and collaboration, but it also supports a critical stance on authorities’ information. In addition, participants’ perceptions of LK emphasize its human component. LK and EK are exchanged both explicitly and tacitly.Originality/valueThe paper presents the first approach to understanding EK and LK and their function during the health crisis, characterizing them as alternative information systems and as topics deserving major attention in research on IB and crisis management.