bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of sequential hepatic vein embolization after portal vein embolization in patients scheduled for right‐sided major hepatectomy: Results of feasibility and surgical strategy using functional liver assessment
Authors: Araki Kenichiro , Shibuya Kei , Harimoto Norifumi , Watanabe Akira , Tsukagoshi Mariko , Ishii Norihiro , Ikota Hayato , Yokobori Takehiko , Tsushima Yoshito , Shirabe Ken 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHepatic vein embolization (HVE) added to portal vein embolization (PVE) can further increase future remnant liver volume (FRLV) compared with PVE alone. This study was aimed to evaluate feasibility of sequential HVE in a prospective trial and to verify surgical strategy using functional FRLV (fFRLV).MethodsHepatic vein embolization was prospectively indicated for post‐PVE patients scheduled for right‐sided major hepatectomy if the resection limit of fFRLV using EOB‐magnetic resonance imaging was not satisfied. The resection limit was fFRLV: 615 mL/m2 for predicting post‐hepatectomy liver failure. Patients who underwent sequential PVE‐HVE (n = 12) were compared with those who underwent PVE alone (n = 31).ResultsAll patients underwent HVE with no severe complications. Median fFRLV increased from 396 (range: 251‐581) to 634 (range: 422‐740) mL/m2 by sequential PVE‐HVE. From PVE to HVE, both of FRLV (P < .001) and fFRLV (P = .005) significantly increased. The increased width of fFRLV was larger than that of FRLV after performing HVE. Median growth rate was 71.3 (range: 33.3‐80.3) %, which was higher than that of PVE alone (27.0%, range: 6.0‐78.0). All‐cohort resection rate was 88.3%. Strategy of using fFRLV for the resection limit and performing HVE in patients with insufficient functional volume resulted in no liver failure in all patients who underwent hepatectomy.ConclusionsSequential HVE after PVE is feasible and safe, and HVE induced possibility of further liver growth and its functional improvement. Our surgical strategy using fFRLV may be justified.
Mycobacterium fortuitum fabG4knockdown studies: Implication as pellicle and biofilm specific drug target
Authors: Sharma Ayushi , Vashistt Jitendraa , Shrivastava Rahul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe fatty acid biosynthesis pathway is crucial for the formation of the mycobacterial cell envelope. The fatty acid synthase type‐II (FAS‐II) components are attractive targets for designing anti‐biofilm inhibitors. Literature review, bioinformatics analysis, cloning, and sequencing led to the identification of a novelMycobacterium fortuitumFAS‐II gene MFfabG4which interacts with mycobacterial proteins involved in biofilm formation. A manually curatedM. fortuitumfatty acid biosynthesis pathway has been proposed exploiting functional studies from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Mycobrowser databases for MFFabG4.M. fortuitumMFfabG4knockdown strain (FA) was constructed and validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The FA strain displayed unstructured smooth colony architecture, correlating with decreased pathogenicity and virulence. MFfabG4knockdown resulted in diminished pellicle and attenuated biofilm formation, along with impaired sliding motility, and reduced cell sedimentation. The FA strain showed lowered cell surface hydrophobicity, indicating attenuation inM. fortuitumintracellular infection‐causing ability. Stress survival studies showed the requirement of MFfabG4for survival in a nutrient‐starved environment. The results indicate that MFfabG4maintains the physiology of the cell envelope and is required for the formation ofM. fortuitumpellicle and biofilm. The study corroborates the role of MFfabG4as a pellicle‐ and biofilm‐specific drug target and a potential diagnostic marker forM. fortuitumand related pathogenic mycobacteria.
How can the positive Indian Ocean Dipole events co‐occur with La Niña?
Authors: Song Ge , Ren Rongcai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPositive/negative Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) tends to co‐occur with El Niño/La Niña. Five positive IODs, however, are observed under La Niña condition in 1961, 1966, 1967, 2007, and 2011. This study uses the monthly ocean temperature and atmospheric reanalysis datasets from ECMWF to investigate how these positive IOD events occurred. It is found that the five positive IODs are consistently accompanied by a moderately strong positive subsurface IOD (Sub‐IOD) event that initiated earlier. The Sub‐IOD‐related oceanic dynamical processes including oceanic Kelvin and Rossby waves help to promote the development of the positive IODs. More specifically, the equatorial easterly anomalies in the Tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) that are crucial for the development of the positive Sub‐IODs and IODs in 1961/2011 are triggered by an anticyclonic curl over South Indian Ocean that is induced by a Southern Hemispheric Indian Ocean Subtropical Dipole mode. The crucial equatorial easterly anomalies in 1967 are triggered by a thermocline warming in the southwestern TIO induced by westward downwelling oceanic Rossby waves, while in 1966/2007, the equatorial easterly anomalies are connected with the anomalous Walker circulation resulting from the certain sea surface temperature anomaly pattern over the equatorial Pacific. On the other hand, the remote effects of La Niña on TIO are relatively weaker, being overwhelmed by the above triggering processes.
Raised bog biodiversity loss: A case‐study of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) as indicators of ecosystem degradation after peat mining
Authors: Kędzior Renata , Zarzycki Jan , Zając Ewelina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPeatlands are unique ecosystems inhabited by highly specialized biota. Due to extraction and drainage, these valuable ecosystems decline or represent only fragmented habitat patches. The aim of this study was to compare the carabid species composition, diversity, and life history traits between bog habitat types: 20 and 40 year post‐extraction sites and undisturbed one. We tried to determine whether populations of rare carabid bog specialists would persist in the post‐extraction habitats. The study was conducted in the raised bog, where 30 sampling transects with a total of 90 pitfall traps were established. 1616 individuals belonging to 30 carabid species were collected. The results revealed the significance differences in carabid species composition between studied habitat types and increasing the abundance and species richness in post‐extraction sites. According to spontaneous succession in post‐mining sites, the shift in life history traits of carabids towards forest assemblages was observed. We observed decline of the most valuable bog species in post‐mining sites. Agonum ericeti, Pterostichus rhaeticus and Bembidion humerale were present on the reference bog, with large covers of Sphagnum and shrubs, but sporadically at the 20 year post‐extraction site (except for A. ericeti), or not at all at the 40 year post‐extraction site overgrown by trees. Therefore measures should be undertaken in post‐extraction areas to enable the restoration of such specific conditions and a properly functioning raised bog ecosystem. This mainly requires restoration of a suitable hydrological regime, which is the key factor for the preservation of groups of bog specialist plants and animals.
Should the firm or the employee pay for upskilling? A contract theory approach
Authors: Vranceanu Radu , Sutan Angela 
Published: June 2022

Upskilling involves costly effort on behalf of existing employees to acquire new skills that are required to execute high value‐added projects. A firm‐financed training scheme allows the screening of applicants but comes with the cost of hidden actions, as some employees might train themselves yet continue working on low‐value projects. A policy relying on worker self‐training and incentive compatible contracts allows attracting more workers to high‐value projects, yet it must grant a positive informational rent to flexible workers. The analysis reveals the optimal contract specific to each of the two training schemes. The profit comparison shows that the training strategy depends on how large is the net value created by upskilling, which is a characteristic of the business or industry.
Coherent Structural and Functional Network Changes after Thalamic Lesions in Essential Tremor
Authors: Pohl Emily D.R. , Upadhyay Neeraj , Kobeleva Xenia , Purrer Veronika , Maurer Angelika , Keil Vera C. , Kindler Christine , Borger Valeri , Pieper Claus C. , Groetz Simon , Scheef Lukas , Maciaczyk Jaroslaw , Schild Hans , Vatter Hartmut , Klockgether Thomas , Radbruch Alexander , Attenberger Ulrike , Wüllner Ullrich , Boecker Henning 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound of the ventral intermediate nucleus is a novel incisionless ablative treatment for essential tremor (ET).ObjectiveThe aim was to study the structural and functional network changes induced by unilateral sonication of the ventral intermediate nucleus in ET.MethodsFifteen essential tremor patients (66.2 ± 15.4 years) underwent probabilistic tractography and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during unilateral postural tremor‐eliciting tasks using 3‐T MRI before, 1 month (N = 15), and 6 months (N = 10) post unilateral sonication.ResultsTractography identified tract‐specific alterations within the dentato‐thalamo‐cortical tract (DTCT) affected by the unilateral lesion after sonication. Relative to the treated hand, task‐evoked activation was significantly reduced in contralateral primary sensorimotor cortex and ipsilateral cerebellar lobules IV/V and VI, and vermis. Dynamic causal modeling revealed a significant decrease in excitatory drive from the cerebellum to the contralateral sensorimotor cortex.ConclusionsThalamic lesions induced by sonication induce specific functional network changes within the DTCT, notably reducing excitatory input to ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex in ET. ©[2022] International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Iterative static field map estimation for off‐resonance correction in non‐Cartesian susceptibility weighted imaging
Authors: Daval‐Frérot Guillaume , Massire Aurélien , Mailhe Boris , Nadar Mariappan , Vignaud Alexandre , Ciuciu Philippe 
Published: June 2022

PurposePatient‐induced inhomogeneities in the magnetic field cause distortions and blurring during acquisitions with long readouts such as in susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI). Most correction methods require collecting an additional field map to remove these artifacts.TheoryThe static field map can be approximated with an acceptable error directly from a single echo acquisition in SWI. The main component of the observed phase is linearly related to and the echo time (TE), and the relative impact of non‐ terms becomes insignificant with >20 ms at 3 T for a well‐tuned system.MethodsThe main step is to combine and unfold the multi‐channel phase maps wrapped many times, and several competing algorithms are compared for this purpose. Four in vivo brain data sets collected using the recently proposed 3D spreading projection algorithm for rapid k‐space sampling (SPARKLING) readouts are used to assess the proposed method.ResultsThe estimated 3D field maps generated with a 0.6 mm isotropic spatial resolution provide overall similar off‐resonance corrections compared to reference corrections based on an external acquisitions, and even improved for 2 of 4 individuals. Although a small estimation error is expected, no aftermath was observed in the proposed corrections, whereas degradations were observed in the references.ConclusionA static field map estimation method was proposed to take advantage of acquisitions with long echo times, and outperformed the reference technique based on an external field map. The difference can be attributed to an inherent robustness to mismatches between volumes and external maps, and diverse other sources investigated.
High‐fidelity tensor‐decomposition based matrix formation for isogeometric buckling analysis of laminated shells with solid‐shell formulation
Authors: Fan Kuan , Huang Zhengdong , Zeng Jiani , Wu Wenbo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe computation cost of matrix formation in isogeometric analysis can be drastically reduced by employing tensor decomposition, but the performance like accuracy and robustness still depends on the approach used to realize the low‐rank approximation for the nonpolynomial integral kernels. In the buckling analysis of laminated shells with solid‐shell model, the integral kernels are not smooth in the thickness direction due to their material and stress distribution and have a high complexity because the curvilinear coordinate systems are involved in the representation of anisotropic constitutive relations, which makes it more difficult to guarantee the decomposition accuracy. This paper proposes a robust high‐fidelity tensor‐decomposition based matrix formation method for stiffness matrix and geometric stiffness matrix of the isogeometric buckling analysis problem. The proposed method avoids using a spline approximation and employs the hierarchical block‐wise decomposition approach (HBD) to obtain a determinate decomposition result, which saves more time without loss of accuracy and produces less canonical ranks with a reliable procedure. Besides, the matrix calculation is partly independent of the number of layers, showing a higher efficiency when the number of layers is larger. Finally, several experiments with various Gaussian curvatures are implemented to validate the proposed method.
Improving the comprehensive energy storage performance of composite materials through the coupling effect of AgNbO3/PVDF nanocomposite
Authors: Chen Yingxi , Zhu Wenbo , Wang Xiucai , Chen Wenjun , Cai Weiqiang , Xiao Ze , Chen Jianwen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCeramic‐polymer nanocomposites with high energy storage density can achieve excellent energy storage performance and have a wide range of application prospects. Currently, it has been shown that the coupling effects have a great impact on improving the performance of dielectric composites, but increasing the breakdown strength of polymer nanocomposite is still a tremendous challenge to the achievement of high energy density under high voltages. The aim of this paper is to further investigate this problem and obtain AgNbO3/PVDF flexible composites by introducing a small amount of AgNbO3 ultrafine powder prepared by hydrothermal method into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The interfacial coupling effect within this nanocomposite with the coupling effects of nonlinear dielectric materials improves its energy storage capacity and electrical strength resistance. The energy density of the 2 wt% AgNbO3/PVDF composite film was raised to 16.5 J/cm3 at the electric breakdown strength of 391.7 MV/m, and its energy storage capacity is two to three times that of AgNbO3 lead‐free antiferroelectric ceramics. Finite element simulations showed the further enhancement of breakdown strength was ascribed to the local electric field and to the AgNbO3 ultrafine powder which blocked the breakdown path in the nanocomposites and coupling effects occurred with PVDF. Hence, the AgNbO3 ultrafine powder has a positive effect on improving the energy storage performance of flexible composites. The effects of nonlinear dielectric material coupling effects and interfacial coupling effects on the dielectric properties of composite dielectric materials are further investigated, which are important for the development of flexible high energy storage capacitors.
Views of patients and parents of children with genetic disorders on population‐based expanded carrier screening
Authors: Woudstra Anke J. , van den Heuvel Lieke M. , van Vliet‐Lachotzki Elsbeth H. , Dondorp Wybo , Lakeman Phillis , Haverman Lotte , van Langen Irene M. , Henneman Lidewij 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveFaster and cheaper next generation sequencing technologies have enabled expansion of carrier screening for recessive disorders, potentially facilitating population‐based implementation regardless of ancestry or family history. Little is known, however, about the attitudes regarding population‐based carrier screening among families with genetic disorders. This study assessed views among parents and patients with a recessive disorder and parents of children with Down syndrome (DS) on expanded carrier screening (ECS).MethodIn total, 85 patients with various recessive disorders, 110 parents of a child with a recessive disorder and 89 parents of a child with DS participated in an online survey in the Netherlands. Severity of recessive disorders was classified as mild/moderate or severe/profound.ResultsThe majority of the (parents of) patients with a recessive disorder had a positive attitude towards population‐based ECS, including screening for their own or their child's disorder. DS parents were significantly less positive towards ECS. Subgroup analyses showed that the severity of the disorder, rather than being a patient or parent, influences the attitudes, beliefs and intention to participate in ECS.ConclusionOur findings have important implications for future implementation initiatives as they demonstrate the different perspectives from people with experiential knowledge with genetic disorders.
Registration of ‘S16‐14801C’: A high‐yielding determinate maturity group V soybean cultivar with multiple disease resistance, salt tolerance, and broad adaptation
Authors: Chen P. , Shannon G. , Vieira C. C. , Nascimento E. F. , Ali M. L. , Lee D. , Scaboo A. , Crisel M. , Smothers S. , Clubb M. , Nguyen H. T. , Li Z. , Mitchum M. G. , Bond J. , Meinhardt C. , Usovsky M. , Li S. , Mengistu A. , Zhang B. , Mozzoni L. , Robbins R. T. , Moseley D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe demand for non–genetically modified soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars has steadily increased in the last decade due to changes in consumers’ preferences and the growth of specialty niche markets. To meet this growing demand, the University of Missouri–Fisher Delta Research, Extension, and Education Center soybean breeding program has developed and released ‘S16‐14801C’ (Reg. no. CV‐553, PI 699901). It is a high‐yielding determinate maturity group 5 early (relative maturity 5.0) conventional soybean cultivar with resistance to multiple diseases, including soybean cyst nematode races 2 (HG type 1.2.5.7) and 5 (HG Type 2.5.7), southern root‐knot nematode, reniform nematode, stem canker, and salt tolerance. S16‐14801C was tested in a total of 111 environments across 12 states from 2017 to 2021, outyielding the commercial checks (on average) of similar maturity in 75 environments. Given its high‐yielding performance, multiple disease resistance package, and wide adaptability, S16‐14801C represents a good cultivar choice for soybean growers across the U.S. southern states, especially for crop systems targeting premium contracts associated with specialty markets.
Electronegativity at the Shock Front
Authors: Rahm Martin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, a scale for pressure‐adapted atomic electronegativity is used to make general predictions of bond polarity in H‐, C‐, N‐ and O‐based compounds experiencing shock conditions. The qualitative picture that emerges is one of increasing polarity of several bonds common in energetic materials. The general predictions made are compared to, and found to support, claims of ionic decomposition routes in compressed nitromethane and nitrate esters at high pressure. Changing electronegativity is also suggested as a factor driving the ionic disproportionation of various molecular phases with compression. Calculations using the eXtreme‐Pressure Polarizable Continuum Model (XP‐PCM) predict increasing energy differences between ground and excited states in non‐bonded H, C, N, and O atoms as a function of pressure. This data enables for a discussion on the reliability of electronegativity‐based rationales at more extreme thermodynamic conditions.
Lessons learned from the Barracas accident: Ammonium nitrate explosion during road transport
Authors: Baraza Xavier , Giménez Jaime , Pey Alexis , Rubiales Miriam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOn March 9, 2004, a lorry transporting ammonium nitrate (AN) overturned. The load caught fire and exploded due to the self‐sustaining decomposition reactions of the AN. The consequences were two deaths, five injuries, and significant material damage in the form of destruction to vehicles and the highway. This article delves into the causes of the accident through root cause analysis techniques, such as fishbone, AcciMap and events and causal factors charting, which have demonstrated that the causes were not only physicochemical but also of an organizational nature. The explosion caused a crater 18 m in diameter, which would be equivalent to one caused by 11.4 tonnes of TNT. Through the relevant models, we have established the overpressure‐distance map, explaining the breakage of lorry windscreens located 100 m from the accident site, and the vibration of glass planes at a distance of some 4 km. This accident underscored the need to comply with the safety measures handed down by competent bodies: (a) avoid contamination of AN, especially with fuels; (b) prevent the AN from being exposed to heat; (c) isolate for a minimum distance of 800 m in all directions around the accident site; (d) in case of fire, flood the area from a distance and stay away from the fire.
Local and non‐local atmospheric effects of abnormal soil moisture over Indochina during May and June
Authors: Dong Xuan , Chen Haishan , Zhou Yang , Sun Shanlei , Chotamonsak Chakrit , Wangpakapattanawong Prasit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndochina is one of the key areas affecting the East Asian summer monsoon and its thermal condition can modulate the prevailing wind and water vapour transport, especially in the early stages of establishment of the summer monsoon. Previous studies emphasized the climatic effect of the seasonal‐averaged soil moisture (SM), but the subseasonal effects of land surface processes over Indochina are not clear yet. This study investigated the subseasonal effect of SM in Indochina on precipitation in southern China (SC) during May and June together with its relevant mechanism based on both statistical analysis and numerical experiments. Results show that increased SM in Indochina in May is closely associated with increased local (Indochina) precipitation and suppressed non‐local (SC) precipitation in June. The positive SM anomaly over Indochina can persist from May to June, cooling the atmosphere and increasing the specific humidity in the lower troposphere. Meanwhile, the potentially unstable lower troposphere and the ascending motion over Indochina result in strengthened upward moisture advection and condensational heating, which are conducive to forming an abnormal cyclonic circulation and increased precipitation over Indochina. To the northeast, an easterly wind anomaly appears in SC, leading to weakened moisture transport and decreased precipitation. When the SM decreases over Indochina, the opposite results are obtained. Moreover, through increasing and decreasing SM in Indochina in May, numerical experiments showed similar results to those of reanalysis data and further indicated that the moist and thermal processes of the SM anomaly over Indochina play distinct roles in affecting the atmosphere and regional precipitation. The moisture process mainly influences local precipitation, whereas the thermal process can change the precipitation non‐locally. This study highlights the significant local and non‐local impacts of SM in Indochina and could contribute to understanding the physical mechanisms of SM effects.