bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional planar sound source localization based on microphone array
Authors: Zhang Yuqiao , Chen Danfeng , You Wenyang , Li Junlong , Du Maochun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In recent years, people’s awareness of wildlife protection has been increasing, and the demand for wildlife observation and recording has increased. However, the existing sound source localization system needs to continuously collect sound signals and convert the time-domain signals of the sound into frequency-domain signals. These shortcomings will increase the power consumption of the device, adversely affect the battery life, and the sound source localization result is easily interfered by the echo of environmental noise and target sound waves. In this study, the algorithm and hardware are improved on the basis of the existing sound source positioning system, which can improve the positioning accuracy and reduce the power consumption and cost of the whole machine. The adaptive circuit is used to filter and adjust the sound signal in real time to eliminate the influence of the difference between the individual microphones in the microphone array, which makes the sound source localization system more robust to the environmental noise and the echo of the target sound wave, and more suitable for the forest scene of wildlife protection. Through the research of this sound source localization system, we hope to provide some new ideas for producing economical and practical sound source localization equipment and lay a foundation for the intelligent development of wildlife protection in the future.
Discussion on tuning method of quantization factor of fuzzy PID controller
Authors: Di Yanjia , Chen Zili 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Quantization factor is one of the main external parameters of a fuzzy PID controller, which has an obvious impact on the performance of the controller. The traditional setting methods do not reveal its inherent laws. In this paper, we take a specific fuzzy PID control system as the research object. Secondly, we study the influence of quantization factor on the performance of the controller in detail. We propose a new method of calculating quantization factor with probability coverage. Experiments are conducted to prove its rationality and effectiveness
Motor fault diagnosis based on teaching and learning gray wolf algorithm optimized support vector machine
Authors: Yu Maochang , Xiao Chun , Liu MengJie , Chen Jing , Yuan Ruiteng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To quickly and accurately identify motor faults, this paper proposes the gray wolf algorithm based on teaching and learning improvement to adaptively optimize the parameters of the multi-class support vector machine. Finally, based on the improved algorithm, the seven types of fault data such as the air gap eccentricity of the motor, the broken bar of the rotor, the bearing seat damage, and the bearing wear were carried out fault diagnosis experiments, and a comprehensive comparison and analysis were carried out with the widely used algorithm. The results show that the motor fault diagnosis accuracy rate of this method is 97.88%, which is better than other methods in classification accuracy.
Development of a low-cost EMG-data acquisition armband to control an above-elbow prosthesis
Authors: Schlüter Christoph , Caraguay Washington , Ramos Doris Cáliz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This work presents the development and implementation of an armband for EMG-data acquisition of the upper arm. The developed prototype serves for investigations on EMG-signal processing with the final objective of reliably controlling a prosthesis for a transhumeral amputee. To make the product available for a greatest possible number of people one of the main characteristics will be a design of very low cost. A focus is put on the electric circuit design. In order to manufacture the prototype without difficulties, it is exclusively designed with components, which are available on the Ecuadorian market. The development is based on previous investigations and approaches of other researchers. With help of electric circuit simulations, the design was adapted and optimized step by step and a reliable low-noise circuit was established. All components are arranged on printed circuit boards in a way to keep the device as small as possible. To optimally avoid noise the length of the connection from the electrodes to the amplifier is minimized. Compact 3D-printed housings cover all the electric components. All housings consist of only two parts and are intuitive to assemble. Holes in the bottom offer space to fix electrodes via a snap-fastener connection. 3D-printed elastic straps are designed to connect the subsystems and hold the device in place. The armband including two sensors weighs 92 g and is capable of measuring two muscles with a bipolar EMG-setting each, sharing one reference electrode, which is aligned on the side of the upper arm between the biceps and triceps muscles. The amplification of the sensors is adjustable individually by potentiometers, facilitating a gain factor range of 211 to 2016 V/V. The data is recorded by a microcontroller board and send to a computer for processing via wire or Bluetooth. For wireless operation, rechargeable batteries are integrated. Test measurements on an able-bodied human prove the functionality of the device.
Research on the rolling channel control of micro tailless air-to-ground missile
Authors: Liu Lin , Chen Yun , Zhao Tao , Lu Juanzhi , Ma Fei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Due to the limitation of volume and weight, the missile body parameters of the micro tailless air-to-ground missile have a large range during flight, and the characteristics of the rolling channel are greatly different from those of conventional missiles, the stability control of the roll channel is greatly affected by the error of the actuator. Under the classic PID control, the HWIL simulation results show that the jitter of roll angle is obvious, and the anti-disturbance ability of the system is poor. Based on the classic PID, fuzzy control is introduced to optimize the design of rolling channel by using fuzzy online self-correcting PID control. The results of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation show that the jitter of roll angle is suppressed, which improves the characteristics of the roll channel and the control efficiency.
Studying wearing resistance of graphene-based materials for the project of the first in the world probe microscope – Earth satellite by solar wind plasma emulation
Authors: Levine K.L. , Bespalova E.A. , Vankaev A.S. , Klyukina E.V. , Lopatin A.V. , Metalnikov N.M. , Saprykin M. E. , Loginov A.B. , Orazov I.V. , Khanin S.D. , Loginov B.A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In situ monitoring the surface and structure stability of the constructional material in the conditions of outer space solar wind is an interesting scientific and engineering problem. For this purpose, as a part of the project of the first in the world probe microscope – space satellite, multilayered graphenes were plasma treated in conditions imitating solar wind and studied by scanning probe microscope in laboratory conditions. Accelerating factor of laboratory plasma treatment was estimated in order to compare the result with further solar wind exposure in outer space. Multilayered graphenes were selected for the study because if their promising properties as light shields – for equipment protection, as well as for material for solar sailing. It was found that plasma treatment affects surface morphology, and these changes correlate with the duration of the treatment. Thus, the applied method can be applied to simulate the erosional effect of the solar wind on structural materials in open space.
2D Local identification of the elasticity parameters of heterogeneous materials by the finite element model updating method
Authors: Ayeleh E , Atchonouglo K , Koumekpo Y , Germaneau A , Caillé L , Dupré J-C 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This work is subjected to an identification of elasticity properties which are the Young’s modulus E and the Poisson’s ratio v of a heterogeneous material. We have created the experimental displacements by solving the direct problem. A re-calibration of the experimental and the simulated displacements is done based on the principle of the finite element model updating (FEMU). The minimization of the cost function obtained by the FEMU method in the inverse problem is done by Newton type algorithms. A complete study has been done by studying the sensitivity of the identified values with respect to the refinement of the mesh and with respect to the level of disturbance.
Study on hydraulic characteristics and internal flow mechanism of composite blade disc pump
Authors: Lian Xiaolong , Zhou Bo , Wang Chuan , Li Bin , Pei Yingju , Dong Qiyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Disc pump is widely used in difficult-pump-medium transportation such as petroleum and chemical industry. Discontinuous blade impellers play an important role in the passability and energy efficiency of disk pump. The research of design and internal flow mechanism are particularly important. Based on the structural characteristics and the internal flow mechanism of the original model, the improved design of the blade structure is carried out. Through the experimental verification and the numerical analysis of multiple working conditions, the influence law of the new composite blade on the hydraulic characteristics and internal flow mechanism of the disc pump is obtained. The results show that the error of energy efficiency characteristics of simulation and experiment under different flow conditions is within 5%, and the accuracy of simulation results meets the requirements; The hydraulic characteristics of the improved model are about 5.8% higher than that of the original model. The driving force of the new composite blade is more sufficient and the flow field is improved more obviously; The low pressure is located in the center of the impeller and gradually increases to the outlet of the impeller. There is obvious energy and mass conversion between the bladed region and bladeless region. The research results can provide a reference for the structural design of disc pump composite blade and the analysis of internal flow mechanism.
Effect of filler on adhesion characteristics of precursor ceramic coating against high-temperature molten ash
Authors: Zhang Bing , Zhang Yinning , Li Jin , Wang Jinqing , Zheng Zhongrui , Shen Zhibin , Lin Xiguang , Li Min 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In view of the widespread high-temperature molten ash adhesion problem of heat exchanger surface in the chemical, power, metallurgy and other industries, precursor ceramic coating is proposed to reduce ash adhesion strength. Three ceramic coatings were obtained by adding hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), zirconia (ZrO2) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) inert fillers on TP347 steel sheets through the Czochralski method and high-temperature sintering. Results of the static contact angle test show that at 860°C, the contact angles of the molten ash on the coating surfaces of h-BN, ZrO2 and Al2O3 are 58°, 54° and 53°, respectively, which are greater than that (39°) of the steel sheet sample. The spreading radiuses of the three coatings are significantly less than that of the bare sample, indicating a strong anti-adhesion performance, in which the h-BN coating is the best. Spreading dynamic analysis of the bare and h-BN coating samples reveals that the spreading dynamics of both sample surfaces is driven by a combination of reaction, dissolution and diffusion. The inert filler in the coating makes the reaction and dissolution of molten ash on the coating surface weaker than those of the steel sheet. The micromorphology of the melt ash-sample sheet cross-section shows that the melt ash binds closely to the steel sheet sample oxide layer, whereas the boundary with the coating is clear and obvious. This result indicates that the coating can effectively weaken the wetting and permeability of the molten ash. The research results provide new ideas for precursor ceramic coating to solve the high-temperature melting ash adhesion problem of the heat exchanger surface.
Inhibition effect of cow bone soot on low carbon steel corrosion in artificial concrete pore environment
Authors: Loto Roland T. , Busari Adebola Ayobami 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The corrosion inhibition of cow bone soot (BAS) at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% weight on low carbon steel (LCS) in artificial concrete pore solution was evaluated with potentiodynamic polarization and current-time displacement. BAS visibly decreased the corrosion rate of LCS from 7.31 x 102 mm/y at 0% BAS to 1.45 x 102 mm/y at 20% BAS concentration. Maximum inhibition performance of 80.18% was obtained at 20% BAS concentration. The inhibition mechanism of BAS was determined to be anodic type. Cathodic reduction of the polarization plot was significant due to decrease in O2 adsorption. Plot of current versus time shows BAS reduces the thermodynamic tendency of LCS to corrode.
Applicability of wind products retrieved from wind lidar in the winter games
Authors: Chen Yajun , Li Linwei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Based on the 10-min average wind speed and wind direction data observed by automatic stations at the starting point and midway of the snow track in the “14th National Winter Games”, the wind product accuracy of wind lidar from December 1, 2019 to January 31, 2020 was analyzed. The results show that the mean relative deviation (MRD), standard deviation of relative deviation (STDRD
) and correlation coefficient (R) of wind direction data are better than wind speed data. The MRD is largest when the average wind speed of the ground observation is about 3 m/s, reaching 55%. The wind speed retrieved by the lidar is higher than that observed by automatic station when the average wind speed is lower than 10 m/s. When the average wind speed is higher than 10 m/s, the wind speed retrieved by the lidar is lower than ground observations. The detection accuracy of the lidar wind direction at the automatic station No.4 is better than that at the automatic station No.3. For the detection of wind speed, the mean absolute error (MAE) is larger, the R was slightly lower, but the mean error (ME), the MRD and the STDRD
are better at the automatic station No.4. As the SNR increases, ME of the average wind speed decreases, and the relative deviations (RD) of wind speed and wind direction gradually concentrate on zero.
Reducing labyrinth seal leakage with application of axially arranged baffles with increasing height
Authors: Zhang Mingjie , Yang Jiangang , Zhang Wanfu , Gu Qianlei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
For turbomachines, reducing seal leakage is beneficial for increasing the efficiency and reducing the energy consumption. This study proposes the design of the axially arranged baffles with increasing height to reduce the leakage of the labyrinth seal. Due to the existence of the axially arranged baffles with increasing height, the leakage fluid is guided to flow into the seal cavities. In each seal cavity, one large vortex is induced, and additional small vortexes are induced in the regions between adjacent baffles. The leakage flow resistance and kinetic energy dissipation of the leakage fluid are enhanced. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the new design, numerical comparisons are conducted between the labyrinth seals with and without axially arranged baffles with increasing height. Results show that the new seal can reduce the leakage flow rate by 37.7-38.8% compared with the labyrinth seal.
Application of BMC counter shaft drilling rig in the return wind vertical shaft in Hengsheng coal mine
Authors: Feng Xuewen , Meng Guoying , Xu Yiyang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In order to make full use of the less humanized and intelligent features of the BMC counterbore drilling rig, and effectively improve the construction efficiency of the return wind river and the transmission rate of the steady straight guideway in coal mines, taking the Heng Sheng coal mine with different regional characteristics as an example, the field application of the BMC back hole drilling rig return wind riser was carried out at the designated location in the mine area, realizing the construction of the preset trajectory of the less personified return wind river and laying the foundation for the subsequent tunnel ventilation. At the same time, in response to the many problems in the drilling process, the solution of drilling a stable and straight pilot hole in the pre-process of the BMC counter shaft drilling rig was proposed, which effectively improved the construction efficiency of the return wind vertical shaft, reduced the construction danger of the construction personnel, and ensured the safe and orderly production of the mine.
Performance prediction through experiments of recuperator to be installed in turboshaft engine for unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Lee Sangrae , Kim Jae-hoon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
It is developing an engine for an unmanned aerial vehicle that performs missions without a person in the turboshaft method. This engine is equipped with a recuperator to drive the engine with higher efficiency, which can extend the distance for performing a given aircraft’s mission. This study evaluates the various performances (heat exchange efficiency and pressure loss) of a recuperator developed for the purpose of installing it on the 100-horsepower engine and conducts the tests in various engine driving environments. These results can more accurately predict the performance of the engine to be developed and can serve as an opportunity to further increase engine efficiency.
Evaluation of IR micro-grid livestock wellbeing monitoring stand
Authors: Rizanov Stefan , Yakimov Peter , Stoynova Anna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Infrared thermography (IRT) and its application for livestock state-of-health monitoring has been a focal point of many research works over the past 10 years. IRT is a powerful tool for detection and evaluation of localized inflammation sites. With most works centered around utilization of complex and expensive IR imaging devices - we investigated the prospect of developing a cost-effective automated monitoring stand with the application of simple IR micro-grid scanning end-devices.
Research on Four Different Designs of Comparator
Authors: Zhu Haomin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Comparators contribute a significant role to analogue to digital converters (ADC). This paper describes and evaluates four excellent comparator optimisation schemes in recent years and analyses their advantages and disadvantages, providing ideas for the following comparator research direction. In addition, this paper introduces the design steps of each comparator optimisation scheme. It shows how the designer completes the final optimisation scheme step by step from the practical problems, which provides a specific reference for the comparator designers in the future. A double-tail latch-type comparator with dynamic bias adds a tail capacitor to the pre-amplifier to achieve low noise and high gain. Furthermore, a triple-tail dynamic comparator addresses a cascoded integrator. The new stage defines and attenuates the noise to achieve high speed and low noise. Compared to the triple-tail comparator, another design of a three-stage comparator is through adding a feedforward path between the first amplifier/latch and third latch to construct a triple-latch feedforward dynamic comparator. It is aimed to reduce delay and get low consumption in the region of the high voltage signal. Moreover, Edge-Pursuit Comparator (EPC) uses NAND gates and inverter delay cells to generate the comparison result between two input signals. Its circuit structure allows input noise tunability, automatic energy scaling, and low voltage tolerance.
Research on UAV’s Automatic Hang Method For Auxiliary High-voltage Transmission Line Device
Authors: Liu Lanlan , Jiang Zhipeng , Wang Feng , Zou Dehua , Wang Zhenyu , Yang Jiani 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
With the rapid development of high-voltage transmission networks, the coverage of overhead transmission lines has become wider and wider. The overhaul of live work is also becoming more frequent. In order to improve the efficiency of live maintenance, this paper proposes a mechanism that uses a large-load unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to carry a wire-hanging mechanism by using the combination of U AV and machine vision. The new method based on the Local Binary Pattern (LBP)vision system to identify the wire realizes one-key hookup, and achieves the purpose of assisting the inspection robot and the online operation of live workers. This method can effectively solve the bottleneck problems of robot practicality such as the cumbersome online and offline process of robots and intelligent control of the operation process. It has important engineering application value for improving the modern live operation level of power transmission lines and the energy efficiency and intelligence of power grid operation.
Research on ultrasonic location method of partial discharge in switchgear based on TOA algorithm
Authors: Jing Xin , Cao Zhen , Yu Lei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In view of the problem that the partial discharge location of switchgear still needs to detect the amplitude of multiple cabinets, and then can be roughly located only through the calculation and review of workers, an ultrasonic receiver is placed in the switchgear to calculate and locate the ultrasonic location of partial discharge. In the experiment, the model simulation is used to verify that the ultrasonic receiver terminal maintains excellent positioning effect under different installation positions.
Research on ordered charge and discharge of Electric Vehicles and their effects
Authors: Gu Jinhui , Guo Chunlin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Based on the control strategy of ordered charge and discharge of electric vehicles, the control strategy of ordered charge and discharge is proposed. The control strategy of the minimum variance minimum differential peak and valley load as the goal, and will be the charge and discharge time of electric vehicles and the charge and discharge requirements as constraint conditions, the optimal solution given by the method of charging control flow diagram and orderly, according to the actual place residential distribution network structure, based on MATLAB/simulink to establish the simulation model of the distribution network. The simulation results show that the proposed orderly charge-discharge strategy can effectively complete the “peak-valley filling”, reduce the daily maximum load increment and reduce the peak-valley difference.
Analysis and control of the single-stage AC/DC LLC resonant converter
Authors: Yue Yuge , Wang Guangzhu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
LLC resonant converter can meet the requirement of many load applications such as electric vehicle charging station because of the high efficiency and low cost. However, less research has been done in AC/DC LLC resonant converter. This paper presents a single stage AC/DC LLC resonant converter. It can maintain the output voltage with an AC input. Besides, in the single-stage converter, PFC can be achieved without other auxiliary PFC circuit. The simulation results indicate that the presented topology and control method can achieve a stable output voltage of 200V at rated power of 1kW. Besides, PFC function can be realized. It provides a theoretical basis for the AC/DC power conversion applications.