bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of prediction methods for treatment continuation of antipsychotics in children and adolescents with schizophrenia
Authors: Jeon Soo Min , Cho Jaehyeong , Lee Dong Yun , Kwon Jin-Won 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThere is little evidence for finding optimal antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia, especially in paediatrics. To evaluate the performance and clinical benefit of several prediction methods for 1-year treatment continuation of antipsychotics.Design and SettingsPopulation-based prognostic study conducting using the nationwide claims database in Korea.Participants5109 patients aged 2–18 years who initiated antipsychotic treatment with risperidone/aripiprazole for schizophrenia between 2010 and 2017 were identified.Main outcome measuresWe used the conventional logistic regression (LR) and common six machine-learning methods (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, ridge, elstic net, randomforest, gradient boosting machine, and superlearner) to derive predictive models for treatment continuation of antipsychotics. The performance of models was assessed using the Brier score (BS), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC). The clinical benefit of applying these models was also evaluated by comparing the treatment continuation rate between patients who received the recommended medication by models and patients who did not.ResultsThe gradient boosting machine showed the best performance in predicting treatment continuation for risperidone (BS, 0.121; AUROC, 0.686; AUPRC, 0.269). Among aripiprazole models, GBM for BS (0.114), SuperLearner for AUROC (0.688) and random forest for AUPRC (0.317) showed the best performance. Although LR showed lower performance than machine learnings, the difference was negligible. Patients who received recommended medication by these models showed a 1.2–1.5 times higher treatment continuation rate than those who did not.ConclusionsAll prediction models showed similar performance in predicting the treatment continuation of antipsychotics. Application of prediction models might be helpful for evidence-based decision-making in antipsychotic treatment.
Influence of pin profile on formability of friction stir-welded aluminum tailor-welded blanks: an experimental and finite element simulation analysis
Authors: Battina N. Malleswararao , Hari Krishna Chirala , Vanthala Varaha Siva Prasad 
Published: April 2022

In sheet metal forming processes, the forming limit diagram is frequently employed as a criterion for predicting necking initiation. This is one of the most useful and effective methods for the evaluation of the formability of tailor-welded blanks. The goal of this study was to determine the formability of friction stir-welded (FSW) aluminium alloy 6061-temper 6 (AA6061-T6) and aluminium alloy 2017-temper 6 (AA2017-T6) by employing five dissimilar tool pin profiles. To evaluate the limiting dome height, five different combinations of dissimilar blanks were used in experimental and simulation experiments. Material characteristics such as density, elastic modulus, and all multilinear behaviors of blanks were manually assigned for simulation from the test results of true stress versus true strain plots. The punch with die supports was considered as a rigid body, whereas the metallic blanks were considered as plastic material. To carry out the simulation, the entire blank was divided into three zones. The results obtained from the experimental and simulation results showed that the straight square tool pin profile is the optimal tool pin profile for the formability of FSW AA6061-T6 and AA2017-T6. The tested height values obtained from the limiting dome height were 20.5 and 20.9 mm in experimentation and simulation, respectively. The straight cylindrical tool pin profile exhibited the worst formability properties in both experimentation and simulation.
Excitation functions of proton-induced nuclear reactions on $$^{86}$$Sr, with particular emphasis on the formation of isomeric states in $$^{86}$$Y and $$^{85}$$Y
Authors: Uddin M. S. , Basunia M. S. , Sudár S. , Scholten B. , Spellerberg S. , Voyles A. S. , Morrell J. T. , Fox M. B. , Spahn I. , Felden O. , Gebel R. , Bernstein L. A. , Neumaier B. , Qaim S. M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCross sections of proton-induced nuclear reactions on enriched $$^{\mathrm {86}}$$

86

Sr target were measured by the activation technique up to proton energies of 44 MeV. The isomeric cross-section ratios for $$^{\mathrm {86m,g}}$$

86
m
,
g

Y and $$^{\mathrm {85m,g}}$$

85
m
,
g

Y as a function of projectile energy were deduced from their measured data. The present experimental data for the nuclear reaction products, namely $$^{\mathrm {86m}}$$

86
m

Y, $$^{\mathrm {86g+xm}}$$

86
g
+
xm

Y, $$^{\mathrm {85m}}$$

85
m

Y, $$^{\mathrm {85g}}$$

85
g

Y, $$^{\mathrm {84}}$$

84

Rb and $$^{\mathrm {83}}$$

83

Rb were compared with the results of nuclear model calculations using the code TALYS, which combines the statistical, precompound, and direct interactions. In general, the experimental cross-section data as well as the isomeric cross-section ratios are reproduced well by the model calculations, provided the input model parameters are properly chosen and the level structure of the product nucleus is thoughtfully considered. The quality of the agreement between experimental data and model calculations was numerically quantified. For products formed via emission of a light complex particle as well as multi-nucleons (e.g., $$\alpha $$
α
and 2p2n), the contribution of the latter process starts increasing when its energy threshold is crossed.
Bootstrapping microcanonical ensemble in classical system
Authors: Nakayama Yu 
Published: April 2022

We point out that the bootstrap program in quantum mechanics proposed by Han et al. reduces to a bootstrap study of a microcanonical ensemble of the same Hamiltonian in the [Formula: see text] limit. In the limit, the quantum mechanical archipelago becomes an extremely thin line for an anharmonic oscillator. For a double-well potential, a peninsula in [Formula: see text] appears.
Vibegron for the Treatment of Patients with Dry and Wet Overactive Bladder: A Subgroup Analysis from the EMPOWUR Trial
Authors: Staskin David , Frankel Jeffrey , Varano Susann , Kennelly Michael , Newman Diane K. , Rosenberg Matt T. , Shortino Denise D. , Jankowich Rachael A. , Mudd Jr Paul N. 
Published: April 2022

Background. Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by urgency and frequency with (OAB wet) or without (OAB dry) urge urinary incontinence (UUI). In the phase 3 EMPOWUR trial, vibegron—a selective β3-adrenergic receptor agonist for the treatment of OAB—significantly improved daily number of urgency episodes and micturitions vs. placebo (

P

< 0.01). These post hoc analyses aimed to compare the efficacy of vibegron vs. placebo in OAB dry and wet populations. Methods. Patients were randomly assigned 5:5:4 to receive once-daily vibegron 75 mg, placebo, or tolterodine 4 mg extended release, respectively, for 12 weeks. Baseline criteria for OAB dry included an average of ≥8 micturitions, ≥3 urgency episodes, and <1 UUI episode per diary day and for OAB wet included an average of ≥8 micturitions and ≥1 UUI episode per diary day. Change from baseline in mean daily number of urgency episodes and micturitions was assessed in both populations. Results. Of the 1463 patients included in the full analysis set, 336 (23%) had OAB dry (vibegron, N = 123; placebo, N = 115; and tolterodine, N = 98), and 1127 (77%) had OAB wet (vibegron, N = 403; placebo, N = 405; and tolterodine, N = 319). Vibegron was associated with significant reductions (95% CIs of the least squares mean differences [LSMD] does not include 0) from baseline at week 12 vs. placebo in mean daily urgency episodes for the dry (LSMD [95% CI], ‒1.0 [‒2.0, ‒0.1]) and wet (‒0.6 [‒1.0, ‒0.1]) populations. Vibegron was associated with significant reductions from baseline at week 12 vs. placebo in mean daily micturitions for the dry (LSMD [95% CI], ‒0.8 [‒1.5, ‒ 0.1]) and wet (‒0.5 [‒0.8, ‒0.1]) populations. There were no significant differences in either outcome between tolterodine and placebo for either the dry or wet populations in this study. Conclusions. In this subgroup analysis from the EMPOWUR trial, vibegron was associated with significant reductions compared with placebo in urgency episodes and micturitions in both the OAB dry and wet populations, suggesting that vibegron is similarly efficacious for these endpoints in patients with and without UUI. This trial is registered with NCT03492281.
Induction of Synthetic Lethality by Activation of Mitochondrial ClpP and Inhibition of HDAC1/2 in Glioblastoma
Authors: Nguyen Trang T.T. , Shang Enyuan , Schiffgens Salveena , Torrini Consuelo , Shu Chang , Akman Hasan Orhan , Prabhu Varun V. , Allen Joshua E. , Westhoff Mike-Andrew , Karpel-Massler Georg , Siegelin Markus D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Novel therapeutic targets are critical to unravel for the most common primary brain tumor in adults, glioblastoma (GBM). We have identified a novel synthetic lethal interaction between ClpP activation and HDAC1/2 inhibition that converges on GBM energy metabolism.

Experimental Design:
Transcriptome, metabolite, and U-13C-glucose tracing analyses were utilized in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of GBM. Orthotopic GBM models were used for in vivo studies.

Results:
We showed that activation of the mitochondrial ClpP protease by mutant ClpP (Y118A) or through utilization of second-generation imipridone compounds (ONC206 and ONC212) in combination with genetic interference of HDAC1 and HDAC2 as well as with global (panobinostat) or selective (romidepsin) HDAC inhibitors caused synergistic reduction of viability in GBM model systems, which was mediated by interference with tricarboxylic acid cycle activity and GBM cell respiration. This effect was partially mediated by activation of apoptosis along with activation of caspases regulated chiefly by Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. Knockdown of the ClpP protease or ectopic expression of a ClpP D190A mutant substantially rescued from the inhibition of oxidative energy metabolism as well as from the reduction of cellular viability by ClpP activators and the combination treatment, respectively. Finally, utilizing GBM PDX models, we demonstrated that the combination treatment of HDAC inhibitors and imipridones prolonged host survival more potently than single treatments or vehicle in vivo.

Conclusions:
Collectively, these observations suggest that the efficacy of HDAC inhibitors might be significantly enhanced through ClpP activators in model systems of human GBM.
Preclinical Characterization and Phase I Trial Results of a Bispecific Antibody Targeting PD-L1 and 4-1BB (GEN1046) in Patients with Advanced Refractory Solid Tumors
Authors: Muik Alexander , Garralda Elena , Altintas Isil , Gieseke Friederike , Geva Ravit , Ben-Ami Eytan , Maurice-Dror Corinne , Calvo Emiliano , LoRusso Patricia M. , Alonso Guzman , Rodriguez-Ruiz Maria E. , Schoedel Kristina B. , Blum Jordan M. , Sänger Bianca , Salcedo Theodora W. , Burm Saskia M. , Stanganello Eliana , Verzijl Dennis , Vascotto Fulvia , Sette Angelica , Quinkhardt Juliane , Plantinga Theo S. , Toker Aras , van den Brink Edward N. , Fereshteh Mark , Diken Mustafa , Satijn David , Kreiter Sebastian , Breij Esther C.W. , Bajaj Gaurav , Lagkadinou Eleni , Sasser Kate , Türeci Özlem , Forssmann Ulf , Ahmadi Tahamtan , Şahin Uğur , Jure-Kunkel Maria , Melero Ignacio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCheckpoint inhibitors (CPI) have revolutionized the treatment paradigm for advanced solid tumors; however, there remains an opportunity to improve response rates and outcomes. In preclinical models, 4-1BB costimulation synergizes with CPIs targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis by activating cytotoxic T-cell–mediated antitumor immunity. DuoBody-PD-L1×4-1BB (GEN1046) is an investigational, first-in-class bispecific immunotherapy agent designed to act on both pathways by combining simultaneous and complementary PD-L1 blockade and conditional 4-1BB stimulation in one molecule. GEN1046 induced T-cell proliferation, cytokine production, and antigen-specific T-cell–mediated cytotoxicity superior to clinically approved PD-(L)1 antibodies in human T-cell cultures and exerted potent antitumor activity in transplantable mouse tumor models. In dose escalation of the ongoing first-in-human study in heavily pretreated patients with advanced refractory solid tumors (NCT03917381), GEN1046 demonstrated pharmacodynamic immune effects in peripheral blood consistent with its mechanism of action, manageable safety, and early clinical activity [disease control rate: 65.6% (40/61)], including patients resistant to prior PD-(L)1 immunotherapy.Significance:DuoBody-PD-L1×4-1BB (GEN1046) is a first-in-class bispecific immunotherapy with a manageable safety profile and encouraging preclinical and early clinical activity. With its ability to confer clinical benefit in tumors typically less sensitive to CPIs, GEN1046 may fill a clinical gap in CPI-relapsed or refractory disease or as a combination therapy with CPIs.See related commentary by Li et al., p. 1184.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1171
Relationship Between Age at Menopause, Obesity, and Incident Heart Failure: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Ebong Imo A. , Wilson Machelle D. , Appiah Duke , Michos Erin D. , Racette Susan B. , Villablanca Amparo , Breathett Khadijah , Lutsey Pamela L. , Wellons Melissa , Watson Karol E. , Chang Patricia , Bertoni Alain G. 
Published: April 2022

Background
The mechanisms linking menopausal age and heart failure (HF) incidence are controversial. We investigated for heterogeneity by obesity on the relationship between menopausal age and HF incidence.

Methods and Results

Using postmenopausal women who attended the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Visit 4, we estimated hazard ratios of incident HF associated with menopausal age using Cox proportional hazards models, testing for effect modification by obesity and adjusting for HF risk factors. Women were categorized by menopausal age: <45 years, 45 to 49 years, 50 to 54 years, and ≥55 years. Among 4441 postmenopausal women, aged 63.5±5.5 years, there were 903 incident HF events over a mean follow‐up of 16.5 years. The attributable risk of generalized and central obesity for HF incidence was greatest among women who experienced menopause at age ≥55 years: 11.09/1000 person‐years and 7.38/1000 person‐years, respectively. There were significant interactions of menopausal age with body mass index and waist circumference for HF incidence,
P
interaction
0.02 and 0.001, respectively. The hazard ratios of incident HF for a SD increase in body mass index was elevated in women with menopausal age <45 years [1.39 (1.05–1.84)]; 45–49 years [1.33, (1.06–1.67)]; and ≥55 years [2.02, (1.41–2.89)]. The hazard ratio of incident HF for a SD increase in waist circumference was elevated only in women with menopausal age ≥55 years [2.93, (1.85–4.65)].

Conclusions
As obesity worsened, the risk of developing HF became significantly greater when compared with women with lower body mass index and waist circumference, particularly among those who had experienced menopause at age ≥55 years.
A Muslim-Christian Heterarchy in 12th-Century Cairo
Authors: Beinhauer-Köhler Bärbel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In 1103 C.E. the newly elected Coptic patriarch Abā Maqāra rode in a procession to the residence of the Fatimid vizier al-Afḍal in al-Qāhira, where a ceremonial reception took place. Both men represented entangled political groups of interest, and this moment can be taken as an equilibrium of power between the city’s Muslims and Christians. At least, the main document about the event evokes this impression: being part of the official historiography of the Egyptian Coptic Orthodox Church, this text is an element of political negotiations and semantics too. Carole Crumley’s approach of a dynamic interplay between hierarchy and heterarchy can be a tool for better understanding this historic moment and for illuminating its complex sociocultural and spatial constructions. On the one hand, the Christians’ status was shaped by the strict ranking of the ḏimma-law. On the other hand, Cairo was like other urban settlements under Muslim rule: at least in some aspects an heir of the antique polis representing several groups of interest.
Emotional Labour in Publishing
Authors: Shaw Sarah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Emotional labour has been widely recognized in a variety of industries, but not yet in publishing. By examining 126 survey responses from current or former publishing employees, this study identifies the primary forms of emotional labour present in the publishing industry, and how these vary between employees. Also examined is the extent to which industry leaders recognize the emotional labour performed by employees, and the impact that this emotional labour has on the latter. The survey responses demonstrate a high prevalence of emotional labour in the publishing industry and that this work is largely unrecognized and sometimes entirely dismissed. Emotional labour also has a generally negative impact on employees, particularly working-class and black, Asian, and minority ethnic (BAME) employees, which contributes to low diversity in the industry. I conclude with recommendations for further research and for industry change to reduce emotional labour, improve employee welfare, and facilitate increased retention of working-class and BAME employees.
The interaction analysis between advanced age and longer dialysis vintage on the survival of patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Wu Yong , Huang Bihong , Zhang Weichen , Farhan Khawlah Ali Ahmed , Ge Siyao , Wang Mengjing , Zhang Qian , Zhang Minmin 
Published: April 2022

Objective To compare the all-cause mortality of aged and younger patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) over the long or short term, and to identify independent risk factors. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study using the medical records of 181 patients undergoing MHD. We compared the clinical characteristics and laboratory data of survivors and participants who died, according to their age and the duration of MHD. Binary stepwise logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for all-cause mortality. Results Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the principal causes of mortality. The number of aged participants with hypertensive nephropathy as their primary kidney disease was significantly higher than the number of younger participants. The proportion with chronic glomerulonephritis was significantly higher for participants undergoing long-term MHD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that low body mass index, single-pool Kt/V, serum albumin, platelet count, and total iron-binding capacity; and high intact parathyroid hormone and N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide were independent risk factors for all-cause mortality. Conclusions Aged patients are more susceptible to hypertensive nephropathy than younger patients. In addition, the survival of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis undergoing MHD is superior to that of those with hypertensive or diabetic nephropathy.
Risk of Graft Rupture After Adding a Lateral Extra-articular Procedure at the Time of ACL Reconstruction: A Retrospective Comparative Study of Elite Alpine Skiers From the French National Team
Authors: Guy Sylvain , Fayard Jean-Marie , Saithna Adnan , Bahroun Sami , Ferreira Alexandre , Carrozzo Alessandro , De Jesus Stephane , Bulle Stephane , Vieira Thais Dutra , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand 
Published: April 2022

Background: Elite alpine skiing is associated with a particularly high risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, including graft ruptures. Despite a considerable focus on prevention, a reduction in injury rates has not been observed since the 1980s. Purpose: To determine whether elite alpine skiers undergoing ACL reconstruction (ACLR) with a lateral extra–articular procedure (LEAP) had a lower rate of ACL graft rupture when compared with those who underwent isolated ACLR. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Elite skiers from the French ski team who had undergone ACLR, with or without a LEAP, and had a minimum follow–up of 2 years were identified from the national ski team database. Rates of secondary ACL injury were determined via interrogation of the database, review of medical notes, and a final telemedicine interview. A multivariable analysis using the penalized Cox model was performed to explore the relationship among graft rupture, surgical procedure type, and any potential explanatory variables. Results: Among 81 ACLR procedures analyzed, 50 were isolated and 31 were combined with a LEAP, which was performed using modified Lemaire or anterolateral ligament reconstruction. Graft rupture rates were 34.0% in the isolated ACLR group and 6.5% in the ACLR + LEAP group. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that adding a LEAP was associated with a significant reduction in risk of ACL graft rupture when compared with isolated ACLR (hazard ratio [HR], 5.286 [95% CI, 1.068-26.149]; P = .0412). Age (HR, 1.114; P = .1157), sex (HR, 1.573; P = .3743), and ACL graft type (HR, 1.417; P = .5394) were not significant risk factors. Conclusion: Combined ACLR and LEAP were associated with a significant reduction in the rate of ACL graft rupture in elite alpine ski athletes. Those treated with isolated ACLR remain at extremely high risk of a second ACL injury.
Validity Evidence of Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Professional Fulfillment Index
Authors: Silva-Junior João Silvestre , Niituma Ogata Alberto José , Scarpellini Bruno Correia , Arantes da Cunha Arthur , Trockel Mickey , Demarch Rodrigo Bornhausen 
Published: April 2022

Purpose The questionnaire “Professional Fulfillment Index” (PFI) was validated to assess emotional exhaustion, interpersonal disengagement, and professional achievement among physicians. This study presents the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the PFI to the Brazilian context. Design Analytical cross-sectional study carried out between July and October 2020. Settings: For conceptual equivalence, a panel of experts was constituted who conducted analyzes on the translation and back-translation processes from English to Brazilian Portuguese. Subjects For the operational equivalence, 432 physicians in the field of Occupational Medicine were invited. Measures They answered the PFI in an online platform. Analysis: Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to seek evidence of the hypothesized structure of PFI item responses. Reliability was assessed using three indicators. Results The Brazilian version can be considered similar to the original. Most of participants were female (57.6%) and mean age 49.6 years—SD 14.0. The mean time since graduation was 18.5 years—SD 9.67. Most of them had a full-time job (88.0%) and were trained through post-graduation courses 83.8%. The most frequent job task was to perform worker´s clinical evaluations (84.9%). Exploratory and confirmatory analyzes showed the adequacy of the items in measuring the instrument’s construct, with stability for use in other populations and samples. Conclusion The PFI was developed to evaluate positive and negative aspects of physicians’ role and performance. The process described in this article was the first cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire. The PFI can help in mapping potential risk situations for negative impacts on physicians’ occupational well-being and performance at work, in order to propose interventions that reduce exhaustion and expand professional fulfillment.