bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thin-film lithium-niobate electro-optic platform for spectrally tailored dual-comb spectroscopy
Authors: Shams-Ansari Amirhassan , Yu Mengjie , Chen Zaijun , Reimer Christian , Zhang Mian , Picqué Nathalie , Lončar Marko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLaser frequency comb generators on photonic chips open up the exciting prospect of integrated dual-comb microspectrometers. Amongst all nanophotonic platforms, the technology of low-loss thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator shows distinguishing features, such as the possibility to combine various optoelectronic and nonlinear optical functionalities that harness second- and third-order nonlinearities, and thus promises the fabrication of a fully on-chip instrument. Here, a critical step towards such achievement is demonstrated with an electro-optic microring-based dual-comb interferometer. Spectra centered at 191.5 THz and spanning 1.6 THz (53 cm−1) at a resolution of 10 GHz (0.33 cm−1) are obtained in a single measurement without requiring frequency scanning or moving parts. The frequency agility of the system enables spectrally-tailored multiplexed sensing, which allows for interrogation of non-adjacent spectral regions, here separated by 6.6 THz (220 cm−1), without compromising the signal-to-noise ratio. Our studies show that electro-optic-based nanophotonic technology holds much promise for new strategies of molecular sensing over broad spectral bandwidths.
Long-range cooperative resonances in rare-earth ion arrays inside photonic resonators
Authors: Pak Dongmin , Nandi Arindam , Titze Michael , Bielejec Edward S. , Alaeian Hadiseh , Hosseini Mahdi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEngineering arrays of active optical centers to control the interaction Hamiltonian between light and matter has been the subject of intense research recently. Collective interaction of atomic arrays with optical photons can give rise to directionally enhanced absorption or emission, which enables engineering of broadband and strong atom-photon interfaces. Here, we report on the observation of long-range cooperative resonances in an array of rare-earth ions controllably implanted into a solid-state lithium niobate micro-ring resonator. We show that cooperative effects can be observed in an ordered ion array extended far beyond the light’s wavelength. We observe enhanced emission from both cavity-induced Purcell enhancement and array-induced collective resonances at cryogenic temperatures. Engineering collective resonances as a paradigm for enhanced light-matter interactions can enable suppression of free-space spontaneous emission. The multi-functionality of lithium niobate hosting rare-earth ions can open possibilities of quantum photonic device engineering for scalable and multiplexed quantum networks.
Prospective validation of smartphone-based heart rate and respiratory rate measurement algorithms
Authors: Bae Sean , Borac Silviu , Emre Yunus , Wang Jonathan , Wu Jiang , Kashyap Mehr , Kang Si-Hyuck , Chen Liwen , Moran Melissa , Cannon Julie , Teasley Eric S. , Chai Allen , Liu Yun , Wadhwa Neal , Krainin Michael , Rubinstein Michael , Maciel Alejandra , McConnell Michael V. , Patel Shwetak , Corrado Greg S. , Taylor James A. , Zhan Jiening , Po Ming Jack 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Measuring vital signs plays a key role in both patient care and wellness, but can be challenging outside of medical settings due to the lack of specialized equipment.

Methods
In this study, we prospectively evaluated smartphone camera-based techniques for measuring heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) for consumer wellness use. HR was measured by placing the finger over the rear-facing camera, while RR was measured via a video of the participants sitting still in front of the front-facing camera.

Results
In the HR study of 95 participants (with a protocol that included both measurements at rest and post exercise), the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) ± standard deviation of the measurement was 1.6% ± 4.3%, which was significantly lower than the pre-specified goal of 5%. No significant differences in the MAPE were present across colorimeter-measured skin-tone subgroups: 1.8% ± 4.5% for very light to intermediate, 1.3% ± 3.3% for tan and brown, and 1.8% ± 4.9% for dark. In the RR study of 50 participants, the mean absolute error (MAE) was 0.78 ± 0.61 breaths/min, which was significantly lower than the pre-specified goal of 3 breaths/min. The MAE was low in both healthy participants (0.70 ± 0.67 breaths/min), and participants with chronic respiratory conditions (0.80 ± 0.60 breaths/min).

Conclusions
These results validate the accuracy of our smartphone camera-based techniques to measure HR and RR across a range of pre-defined subgroups.
Small extracellular vesicles derived from patients with persistent atrial fibrillation exacerbate arrhythmogenesis via miR-30a-5p
Authors: Mun Dasom , Kim Hyoeun , Kang Ji-Young , Yun Nuri , Youn Young-Nam , Joung Boyoung 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanometer-sized membranous vesicles that contribute to the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Here, we investigated the role of sEVs derived from patients with persistent AF in the pathophysiology of AF. First, we evaluated the pathological effects of sEVs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with persistent AF (AF-sEVs). AF-sEVs treatment reduced cell viability, caused abnormal Ca2+ handling, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and led to increased CaMKII activation of non-paced and paced atrial cardiomyocytes. Next, we analyzed the miRNA profile of AF-sEVs to investigate which components of AF-sEVs promote arrhythmias, and we selected six miRNAs that correlated with CaMKII activation. qRT-PCR experiment identified that miR-30a-5p was significantly down-regulated in AF-sEVs, paced cardiomyocytes, and atrial tissues of patients with persistent AF. CaMKII was predicted by bioinformatics analysis as a miR-30a-5p target gene and validated by a dual luciferase reporter; hence, we evaluated the effects of miR-30a-5p on paced cardiomyocytes and validated miR-30a-5p as a pro-arrhythmic signature of AF-sEVs. Consequently, AF-sEVs-loaded with miR-30a-5p attenuated pacing-induced Ca2+-handling abnormalities, whereas AF-sEVs-loaded with anti-miR-30a-5p reversed the change in paced cardiomyocytes. Taken together, the regulation of CaMKII by miR-30a-5p revealed that miR-30a-5p is a major mediator for AF-sEVs-mediated AF pathogenesis. Accordingly, these findings suggest that sEVs derived from patients with persistent AF exacerbate arrhythmogenesis via miR-30a-5p.
Machine‐learning‐based pilot symbol assisted channel prediction
Authors: Ye Youjie , Chen Yunfei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, machine learning (ML) algorithms are used for channel prediction in wireless communications. The performances of five ML algorithms are compared in terms of the prediction accuracy and the symbol error rate (SER) of different modulation schemes based on the prediction. The result shows that, for channel prediction, support vector machine (SVM) has the best performance in terms of accuracy and stability. For signal detection, SVM and linear regression (LR) have their own advantages in different ranges of signal to noise ratio (SNR). At high constellation size, ML methods give similar performances to existing scheme. From the numerical examples, the SERs based on SVM and LR can both reach lower than 10−3 in binary phase shift keying and 16‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation signalling, and can reach 1.13 and 4.28 in 16‐ary phase shift keying signalling respectively. In terms of prediction time, SVM is more efficient.
Random bit sequence generation from speckle patterns produced with multimode waveguides
Authors: Dias Lília Maria Santos , Silvério Tiago Filipe Santos , Sá Ferreira Rute Amorim , de Brito André Paulo Sérgio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of digital ecosystems, such as mobile applications towards goods/monetary transactions, a new paradigm of data transfer arises, which requires fast and reliable algorithms to generate random numbers. The statistical nature of speckle‐based imaging creates an opportunity for these generators to arise as random number generators given the unpredictability and irreproducibility of such patterns. Hence, it is shown that the establishment of an experimental system is able to produce unique speckle patterns for remote cryptographic key storage and distribution, with a potential key rate generation of Gbs.
Sliding‐mode‐based admissible consensus of nonlinear singular stochastic uncertain semi‐Markov multi‐agent systems with time‐varying delay
Authors: Wang Huaizhu , Liu Guoyun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the sliding mode control of nonlinear singular stochastic uncertain semi‐Markov multi‐agent systems with time‐varying delay are studied. Firstly, a new integral sliding surface function is designed. Secondly, a new sufficient condition in the form of linear matrix inequality is derived to guarantee the stochastic admissibility by using the semi‐Markov–Lyapunov function. Thirdly, a sliding mode control law can be synthesised to ensure the reachability of the predefined sliding surface. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the result.
Effekte einer Ernährungs- und Sportintervention bei
Volkschulkindern im Alter von 8–11 Jahren nach neunmonatiger
Intervention: EDDY Young Studie
Authors: Widhalm Kurt , Hauer Richard , Tschan Harald , Porjesova Katarina 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungEntsprechend den Forderungen der World Health Organization (WHO) wurde im Rahmen
eines Präventionsprojektes bei 95 Wiener Volksschulkindern (8–11
Jahre) eine Lifestyle- und Sportintervention in der Schule durchgeführt.
Das Gesamtkollektiv wurde in eine Interventionsgruppe (n=52) und eine
Kontrollgruppe (n=43) unterteilt. Die Intervention bestand aus 8
Einheiten Ernährung und 16 Einheiten Sporttraining pro Semester. Die
Effekte der Intervention wurden durch Messungen des Körpergewichtes, der
Körpergröße des BMI und der
Körperzusammensetzung beurteilt, die sportmotorische
Leistungsfähigkeit wurde mittels des Deutschen Motorik Tests (DMT)
evaluiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass vor Beginn der Intervention die
Prävalenz des Übergewichts/Adipositas in der
Interventionsgruppe (ca 40%) deutlich höher als in der
Kontrollgruppe (ca. 30%) lag. Ebenso war die körperliche Fitness
in der Kontrollgruppe deutlich besser. Die Muskulatur nahm in der
Interventionsgruppe signifikant zu. Ein Effekt der Intervention auf BMI,
Körperzusammensetzung konnte nicht gezeigt werden; allerdings
verbesserte sich die sportmotorische Leistungsfähigkeit der
Interventionsgruppe gegenüber der Kontrollgruppe signifikant
(p<0,05). Daraus wird geschlossen, dass eine 10-monatige kombinierte
Lifestyle-Sport-Intervention, unter Einbeziehung der Eltern, die
Gewichtsentwicklung, Körperzusammensetzung gegenüber einer
Kontrollgruppe nicht beeinflussen kann. Allerdings kann klar gezeigt werden,
dass die körperliche Fitness durch eine kombinierte Intervention
deutlich verbessert werden kann.
Angiologie und schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen: Neues im DGK-Positionspapier?
Authors: Fox Henrik 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungSchlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen (SBAS) stellen ein gesundheitliches Risiko dar; sie
beeinflussen Lebensqualität und Prognose negativ. Besonders gefährdet sind dabei
angiologische Patienten mit kardiovaskulären Begleiterkrankungen wie arterielle
Hypertonie, Herzinsuffizienz oder Vorhofflimmern. Dies zum einen, da die Diagnostik
wegen einer Überlagerung der Symptome häufig erschwert ist, zum anderen aber auch durch
eine unmittelbare Korrelation der Pathophysiologie beider Erkrankungen, die gegenseitig
ihren Progress begünstigen. Die sorgfältige Fahndung und Therapie einer SBAS ist somit
bei diesen Patienten besonders herausfordernd. Es stehen mit nicht invasiven
Beatmungsformen und implantierbaren Devices sowie der wachsenden telemedizinischen
Infrastruktur zunehmend Optionen zur Verfügung, welche die Symptomlast und die
gesundheitlichen Risiken reduzieren können. Deshalb fasst der folgende Artikel neue
Entwicklungen zu SBAS zusammen und gibt einen Überblick über aktuelle
Empfehlungen.
Potentieller Einfluss des Nutri-Scores auf den Kaufentscheid und die
Energie- und Nährstoffaufnahme der Schweizer
Bevölkerung
Authors: Zeder Martina , Zaugg Tatjana , Fäh David 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Das Nährwert-Ampelsystem «Nutri-Score»
ist seit 2020 auf einzelnen Lebensmittelverpackungen im Schweizer Detailhandel
abgebildet. Das Ziel dieses Labels ist es, Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten bei
der gesunden Lebensmittelauswahl zu unterstützen und das Risiko
für Adipositas und andere ernährungsbedingte Erkrankungen zu
verringern. In der vorliegenden randomisierten Studie wurde daher der
potentielle Einfluss der Nutri-Score Angabe auf Lebensmittelverpackungen auf die
Kaufentscheidung und die Energie- und Nährstoffaufnahme der Schweizer
Bevölkerung untersucht.
Methode An der Studie nahmen 104 Probandinnen und Probanden teil. Die
Stichprobe wurde randomisiert und in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt. Für die
Interventionsgruppe (n=52) und die Kontrollgruppe (n=52) wurden
zwei standardisierte Fragebögen eingesetzt, anhand welcher die
Fragestellung untersucht wurde. Anhand von Produktabbildungen trafen die
Teilnehmenden eine Auswahl der Lebensmittel, welche sie konsumieren
würden. Der Unterschied der beiden Befragungen bestand darin, dass in
der Interventionsgruppe die Produkte mit Nutri-Scores versehen waren und in der
Kontrollgruppe nicht. Die Ergebnisse der beiden Umfragen wurden auf statistisch
signifikante (p<0.05) Unterschiede der theoretischen Energie- und
Nährstoffaufnahme durch die gewählten Produkte
geprüft.
Ergebnisse Es konnten keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede der
theoretischen Energie- und Nährstoffaufnahme zwischen der Interventions-
und Kontrollgruppe festgestellt werden. Grund dafür war einerseits, dass
der Genussaspekt für die Einkaufsentscheide höchste
Priorität hatte. Andererseits war der Nutri-Score bei der Stichprobe
(noch) nicht bekannt und wurde deshalb für die Lebensmittelwahl nicht
berücksichtigt.
Schlussfolgerung Der Nutri-Score führte in vorliegender Arbeit mit
kleiner Stichprobe in einem Experiment mit fiktivem Einkaufsverhalten nicht zu
einem Einkaufsverhalten, aus dem eine verbesserte Energie- oder
Nährstoffaufnahme abgeleitet werden könnte. Dies suggeriert,
dass dieses Ampelsystem nicht intuitiv erkannt und verstanden wird.
Early Renin Recovery After Adrenalectomy in Aldosterone-Producing
Adenomas: A Prospective Study
Authors: Mermejo Livia M. , Elias Paula C.L. , Molina Carlos A.F. , Tucci Silvio , Muglia Valdair F. , Elias Jorge , Antonini Sonir R. , de Castro Margaret , Moreira Ayrton C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study was to clarify the relationship and the time of aldosterone
and renin recoveries at immediate and long-term follow-up in
aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) patients who underwent adrenalectomy.
Prospective and longitudinal protocol in a cohort of APA patients was followed
in a single center. Among 43 patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), thirteen
APA patients were enrolled in this study. Blood was collected for aldosterone,
renin, potassium, creatinine, cortisol, and ACTH before and 1, 3, 5, 7, 15, 30,
60, 90, 120, 180, 270, 360 days after adrenalectomy. At diagnosis, most patients
(84%) had hypokalemia and high median aldosterone levels (54.8;
24.0–103 ng/dl) that decreased to undetectable
(<2.2) or very low (<3.0) levels between fifth to seventh days
after surgery; then, between 3–12 months, its levels gradually increased
to the lower normal range. The suppressed renin (2.3;
2.3–2.3 mU/l) became detectable between the fifteen and
thirty days after surgery, remaining normal throughout the study. The
aldosterone took longer than renin to recover (60 vs.15 days; p<0.002)
and patients with higher aldosterone had later recovery (p=0.03). The
cortisol/ACTH levels remained normal despite the presence of a
post-operative hypoaldosteronism. Blood pressure and antihypertensive
requirement decreased after adrenalectomy. In conclusion, our prospective study
shows the borderline persistent post-operative hypoaldosteronism in the presence
of early renin recovery indicating incapability of the zona glomerulosa of the
remaining adrenal gland to produce aldosterone. These findings contribute to the
comprehension of differences in renin and aldosterone regulation in APA
patients, although both are part of the same interconnected system.
External and Middle Ear Trauma Resulting From Ear Impressions
Authors: Wynne Michael K. , Kahn Jonathan M. , Abel Debra J. , Allen Rose L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen taking an impression of the external ear canal and ear, the audiologist is engaged in an invasive procedure whereby a foreign body is first placed into the ear canal and then removed. There is always an element of risk for significant medical problems when a clinician is performing an invasive procedure. Although some minor patient discomfort and, at times, some slight trauma to the ear canal occur when taking ear impressions, the incidence of significant trauma to the external or middle ear appears to be low. The purpose of this report is to provide some illustrative cases of significant external and middle ear trauma as a result of taking impressions of the external ear. Audiologists are advised to develop and implement an appropriate risk management program for taking ear impressions to reduce the potential risks associated with this procedure to their patients and to their practices.
Abbreviations: CIC = completely in the canal, HPD = hearing protection device, OR = operating room, PROS = pressure relief oto-dam system
Value-creation in the health data domain: a typology of what health data help us do
Authors: Fiske Amelia , Degelsegger-Márquez Alexander , Marsteurer Brigitte , Prainsack Barbara 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt has become a trope to speak of the increasing value of health data in our societies. Such rhetoric is highly performative: it creates expectations, channels and justifies investments in data technologies and infrastructures, and portrays deliberations on political and legal issues as obstacles to the flow of data. Yet, important epistemic and political questions remain unexamined, such as how the value of data is created, what data journeys are envisioned by policies and regulation, and for whom data types are (intended to be) valuable. Drawing on two empirical cases, (a) interviews with physicians on the topic of digital selfcare, and (b) expectations of stakeholders on the use of Real-World Data in clinical trials, as well as existing literature, we propose a typology of what health data help us to do. This typology is intended to foster reflection about the different roles and values that data use unfolds. We conclude by discussing how regulation can better accommodate practices of valuation in the health data domain, with a particular focus on identifying regulatory challenges and opportunities for EU-level policy makers, and how Covid-19 has shed light on new aspects of each case.
Measuring legislative stability: a new approach with data from Hungary
Authors: Sebők Miklós , Kubik Bálint György , Molnár Csaba , Járay István Péter , Székely Anna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhile the stability of legislation is one of the fundamental issues in political theory, comparative and quantitative analyses on the subject are in short supply in the political science literature. In this article, we propose a novel measurement scheme for legislative stability, and we also introduce a Legislative Stability Index (LSI) developed to this end. In terms of empirical evidence, our index relies on the number of legislative amendments adopted within the span of an electoral cycle, as well as the breadth of issues the amendments touch on. It is based on the frequency with which laws are amended after their adoption. Our approach uses a new law-amendment edge-type network for a new Hungarian legislative database. Amendment-type connections are discovered by an automated dictionary-based text mining method. We tested the applicability of our index in various regression models. Results show that the legislative term, the length of the law and the way it was adopted were the most significant variables in explaining variation in the stability of legislation.
Genetic parameters for milk yield, casein percentage, subclinical mastitis incidence and sexual precocity using Bayesian linear and threshold models
Authors: Colonia Saditt Rocio Robles , Oliveira Andréia do Carmo , Pilonetto Fabrício , Dauria Brayan Dias , Mourão Gerson Barreto , Machado Paulo Fernando , Nogueira Denismar Alves , Beijo Luiz Alberto , Petrini Juliana 
Published: April 2022

Context The economic efficiency of a dairy system is associated with the animal’s productive and reproductive abilities. Therefore, selection criteria should include milk production and quality traits as well as traits related to health and fertility. Since such phenotypes can present non-normal distributions, the use of threshold models is appropriate to study the genetic variation of such traits. Aim To estimate variance components for dairy production and functional traits in a Brazilian Holstein cattle population using linear and threshold models under a Bayesian approach. Methods Data comprised 64 657 test-day records for milk yield (MY, kg/day), casein percentage (CP, % of milk) and subclinical mastitis incidence (SCM), along with 4460 records for sexual precocity (PREC) from 5439 cows. Both SCM and PREC were defined as binary traits. Genetic analyses were based on linear (for MY and CP) and threshold (for SCM and PREC) models using Bayesian estimation. Non-informative and informative priors were considered for variance components, and these models were compared using the deviance information criterion (DIC) and the absolute difference between DIC (Δ). Key results Posterior means of heritability for MY, CP, SCM and PREC were 0.14, 0.39, 0.13 and 0.38 (based on non-informative priors) and 0.13, 0.27, 0.13 and 0.44 (considering informative priors), respectively. The model based on non-informative priors was better (lower DIC) for CP, whereas for PREC, the best model used informative priors. No differences between priors (Δ < 5) were observed for MY and SCM. Conclusions Threshold models were adequate for the analysis of non-normally distributed traits. The use of informative priors can be beneficial if specification is based on results from similar databases and models. Due to their high genetic variation, CP and PREC can be considered as selection criteria in animal breeding programs. In turn, accurate genetic evaluation for MY and SCM will depend on the pedigree and the information from genetically correlated traits. Implications Our study contributes to the understanding of the variation under important dairy production traits in a tropical Holstein population and provides information on the use of Bayesian threshold models as an appropriate method for the evaluation of non-normally distributed phenotypes.