bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Darcy–Forchheimer MHD radiative flow through a porous space incorporating viscous dissipation, heat source, and chemical reaction effect across an exponentially stretched surface
Authors: Paul Ashish , Das Tusar Kanti 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe impacts of viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, and the thermophoresis caused by temperature gradient on the steady two‐dimensional incompressible chemically reactive and radiative flow of traditional fluid through an exponentially stretched sheet embedded in a Darcy porous media are explored by approaching boundary layer analysis. A magnetic field effect is also addressed along the transverse direction of the horizontal stretched sheet. With the implementation of some suitable nondimensional quantities, the regulating nonlinear partial differential equations, which represent the flow geometry, are transformed into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. To acquire the numerical findings from this set of equations, a three‐stage Lobatto IIIa, in‐built MATLAB scheme named, Bvp4c is used. The effects of the dimensionless physical factors on the flow, heat, and concentration profile, as well as on the coefficient of drag force and the rate of thermal and mass transit at the surface, are graphically and numerically depicted. The thermal profile, as well as the magnitude of the coefficient of the drag force and the Sherwood number, is found to be escalated with the Darcy–Forchheimer factor, but the depreciation in the value of temperature gradient at the wall is noticed for the same.
Feasibility and safety of interventional electrophysiology and catheter ablation in the South African public sector: Challenges and opportunities for comprehensive cardiac electrophysiology in South Africa
Authors: Mkoko Philasande , Barole Nthabiseng , Solomon Kayla , Chin Ashley 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsThe spectrum and outcomes of catheter ablation procedures performed in South Africa are unknown, and therefore, the feasibility of interventional electrophysiology in the South African public sector is undetermined.Methods and ResultsThis study was a retrospective review of all patients that underwent invasive electrophysiology procedures and catheter ablation at Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH) and the University of Cape Town Private Academic Hospital (UCTPAH) between 01 January 2013 and 31 December 2020.One thousand one hundred eighty‐six invasive electrophysiology procedures were performed during the study period. Of these were 1102 catheter ablation procedures. There were 76 redo catheter ablation procedures, predominantly for atrial fibrillation (AF), which accounted for 39% (30/76) of the repeat procedures. There were only 0.8% (9/1102) catheter ablation related complications which were mostly access related. Atrial fibrillation accounted for most of the ablation procedures, 28.9% (318/1102); these were mainly performed at UCTPAH than at GSH, 300 vs 18 p < .0001. Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) dependent atrial flutter ablation was the second most commonly performed catheter ablation procedure, accounting for 21.6% (238/1102) of the catheter ablation procedures. More CTI dependent atrial flutter ablations were performed at GSH than a UCTPAH, 156 vs 82 p < .0001. The overall success rate of catheter ablation was 92%.ConclusionA broad spectrum of catheter ablation procedures was performed with a high success rate and limited complications, thus demonstrating the feasibility of safe cardiac electrophysiology and catheter ablation in the South African public sector.
Effect of sugar beet fiber and different hydrocolloids on rheological properties and quality of gluten‐free muffins
Authors: Saeidy Sima , Nasirpour Ali , Barekat Sorour 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDExtraction of pectin from sugar beet pulp is a side production line to recover value‐added by‐products in a sugar refining company. We aimed to evaluate the influence of depectinized and non‐treated fiber on the quality of food. Pectin was removed from sugar beet pulp, and sugar beet fiber with and without pectin extraction (F and FP respectively) were replaced with rice flour in gluten‐free muffins. To achieve a consistent texture, different hydrocolloids (carrageenan, xanthan gum, guar gum, locust bean gum (LBG), and tara gum) were added to the batter formula.RESULTSThe maximum batter viscosity was observed for the xanthan‐containing formulation, followed by guar, tara, LBG, and carrageenan formulations. The highest hardness was recorded for baked muffins formulated with guar, followed by xanthan, carrageenan, tara, and LBG formula. Moisture retention was considerably increased in the presence of FP and LBG compared with muffins prepared by F and/or other hydrocolloids. However, muffins containing F showed the least hardness and highest cohesiveness, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness. The samples containing F represented lighter color, lower energy, and less porous in appearance compared with the FP formula. From a sensorial aspect, there was no significant difference between the F and FP formulas, but the control and sample with higher fiber content were not acceptable.CONCLUSIONThis study showed that depectinized sugar beet fiber a by‐product of sugar factories, has the possible use in formulation of gluten‐free muffins with no adverse effects on its quality. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Treatment of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis with tildrakizumab in the real‐life setting
Authors: Gambardella Alessio , Licata Gaetano , De Rosa Alina , Calabrese Giulia , Alfano Roberto , Argenziano Giuseppe 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundInformation is lacking from real‐life studies evaluating the efficacy of tildrakizumab in moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analysed a database of 30 patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis (PsO) that were treated with tildrakizumab (100 mg, s.c.) and followed for 36 weeks. Clinical efficacy (disease severity and treatment response) was evaluated by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) at baseline and after 4, 12, 24, and 36 weeks. The quality of life (QoL) of PsO patients was measured using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI).ResultsA PASI score of <3 was achieved after 12, 24, and 36 weeks in 86.7%, 100%, and 100% patients, respectively (aged 46.3 ± 13.3 years) treated with tildrakizumab. PASI score significantly decreased from 17.6 ± 4.7 at baseline to 4.7 ± 4.7 and 1.1 ± 3.9 at 4 and 12 weeks remaining <1 up to 36 weeks (p < 0.001 vs. baseline), and PASI −75–90 and −100 response was achieved in 100%, 96.7%, and 60% of patients respectively at 36 weeks. DLQI also significantly decreased from baseline (13.8 ± 2.9) to 3.6 ± 1.6 at 4 weeks, 1.4 ± 0.6 at 12 weeks and 0 at Week 24 and 36 (p < 0.001 vs. baseline). Multivariate regression revealed that the effect of tildrakizumab on PASI score or DLQI at 4 weeks was independent from the predictor variables age, gender, BMI, disease duration, previous biologic, or presence of comorbidities. No adverse event was reported during treatment with tildrakizumab.ConclusionThis retrospective study shows that patients with moderate‐to‐severe PsO treated with tildrakizumab in the real world‐setting was effective and safe up to 36 weeks.
The Impact of Including Carbonyl Iron Particles on the Melt Electrowriting Process
Authors: Kade Juliane C. , Bakirci Ezgi , Tandon Biranche , Gorgol Danila , Mrlik Miroslav , Luxenhofer Robert , Dalton Paul D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMelt electrowriting, a high‐resolution additive manufacturing technique, is used in this study to process a magnetic polymer‐based blend for the first time. Carbonyl iron (CI) particles homogenously distribute into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) melts to result in well‐defined, highly porous structures or scaffolds comprised of fibers ranging from 30 to 50 µm in diameter. This study observes that CI particle incorporation is possible up to 30 wt% without nozzle clogging, albeit that the highest concentration results in heterogeneous fiber morphologies. In contrast, the direct writing of homogeneous PVDF fibers with up to 15 wt% CI is possible. The fibers can be readily displaced using magnets at concentrations of 1 wt% and above. Combined with good viability of L929 CC1 cells using Live/Dead imaging on scaffolds for all CI concentrations indicates that these formulations have potential for the usage in stimuli‐responsive applications such as 4D printing.
Assessing global fungal threats to humans
Authors: Xu Jianping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFungi are an integral part of the earth's biosphere. They are broadly distributed in all continents and ecosystems and play a diversity of roles. Here, I review our current understanding of fungal threats to humans and describe the major factors that contribute to various threats. Among the 140,000 or so known species out of the estimated six million fungal species on Earth, about 10% directly or indirectly threaten human health and welfare. Major threats include mushroom poisoning, fungal allergies, infections of crop plants, food contamination by mycotoxins, and mycoses in humans. A growing number of factors have been identified to impact various fungal threats, including human demographics, crop distributions, anthropogenic activities, pathogen dispersals, global climate change, and/or the applications of antifungal drugs and agricultural fungicides. However, while models have been developed for analyzing various processes of individual threats and threat managements, current data are primarily descriptive and incomplete, and there are significant obstacles to integration of the diverse factors into accurate quantitative assessments of fungal threats. With increasing technological advances and concerted efforts to track the spatial and temporal data on climate and environmental variables; mycotoxins in the feed and food supply chains; fungal population dynamics in crop fields, human and animal populations, and the environment; human population demographics; and the prevalence and severities of fungal allergies and diseases, our ability to accurately assess fungal threats will improve. Such improvements should help us develop holistic strategies to manage fungal threats in the future.
Extraction of the gravitational potential and high‐frequency wave perturbation properties of nonlinear (3 + 1)‐dimensional Vakhnenko–Parkes equation via novel approach
Authors: Yan Li , Mehmet Baskonus Haci , Cattani Carlo , Gao Wei 
Published: September 2022

The (3 + 1)‐dimensional Vakhnenko–Parkes mathematical model has a wide range of applications in science and engineering. In this paper, the model studied is investigated and analyzed by using two effective schemes such as sine‐Gordon expansion method and its newly developed version, rational SGEM. Moreover, many novel properties of model studied are extracted in detail. Furthermore, their wave distributions properties and graphs are also plotted under the strain conditions. Interactions of the gravitational potential and high‐frequency wave perturbation properties are also reported in a detailed manner.
Association of body anthropometry and obstructive sleep apnea in children: Variations observed in Hispanic children
Authors: Bhattacharjee Emily B. , Sun Xiaoying , Malhotra Atul , Tantisira Kelan G. , Landeo‐Gutierrez Jeremy S. , Jain Sonia , Bhattacharjee Rakesh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesObesity is a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children. Childhood obesity rates vary amongst different ethnic groups. Here the interaction of Hispanic ethnicity and obesity on OSA risk was evaluated.MethodsRetrospective cross‐sectional analysis of consecutive children undergoing polysomnography and anthropometry using bioelectrical impedance from 2017 to 2020. Demographics obtained from the medical chart. Children who had also undergone cardiometabolic testing were identified and the relationship of cardiometabolic markers with OSA and anthropometry was assessed.ResultsData from 1217 children revealed Hispanic children were more likely to have moderate‐severe OSA (36.0%) compared to Non‐Hispanic children (26.5%), p < 0.001. Hispanic children had greater Body mass index (BMI), BMI percentile and percent body fat, p < 0.0001. In children that underwent cardiometabolic testing, Hispanic children had significantly greater serum alanine aminotransferase levels (ALT) levels. Following adjustment of age and sex, Hispanic ethnicity was not found to moderate the association of anthropometry with OSA, anthropometry with cardiometabolic markers, and OSA with cardiometabolic markers.ConclusionsOSA was more likely in Hispanic children; this relationship was likely driven by obesity status rather than ethnicity. Among children undergoing cardiometabolic testing, Hispanic children were observed to have greater ALT concentrations however ethnicity did not impact the association of anthropometry and ALT or other cardiometabolic markers.
Holistic temporal order judgment of tones requires top‐down disentanglement
Authors: Zhang Zhilin , Lin Xiaoxiong , Bao Yan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHow temporal sequence gets organized is a central topic in cognitive processing. In a high‐frequency time window of tens of milliseconds, the temporal order is reconstructed rather than mirroring the sequence of events objectively in physical time. Two separate phases or strategies, a holistic coding phase that groups successively presented events as a gestalt and a disentanglement phase that decodes the temporal order of discrete events from the gestalt representation, may presumably be involved in the perception of temporal order across different modalities. With a temporal order adaptation protocol of pure tones using glide adaptors, the present study demonstrated a dissociation between constant discriminability and shifted subjective simultaneity across different adaptor directions. While discriminability of temporal order was not adapted by glides, revealing a constant coding sensitivity of different asynchronies, the shift of subjective simultaneity indicated the recalibration of a top‐down disentanglement of the holistic processing under the influence of glide adaptors. The results suggest a dual‐phase holistic processing in temporal order perception, supporting two separate cognitive strategies for event timing on the sub‐second level.
Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanotubes for Fast Potassium Ion Storage
Authors: Jin Xin , Wang Xianfen , Liu Yalan , Kim Minjun , Cao Min , Xie Huanhuan , Liu Shantang , Wang Xianbao , Huang Wei , Nanjundan Ashok Kumar , Yuliarto Brian , Li Xingyun , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExploration of advanced carbon anode material is the key to circumventing the sluggish kinetics and poor rate capability for potassium ion storage. Herein, a synergistic synthetic strategy of engineering both surface and structure is adopted to design N, S co‐doped carbon nanotubes (NS‐CNTs). The as‐designed NS‐CNTs exhibit unique features of defective carbon surface, hollow tubular channel, and enlarged interlayer space. These features significantly contribute to a large potassium storage capacity of 307 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a remarkable rate performance with a capacity of 151 mA h g−1 even at 5 A g−1. Furthermore, an excellent cyclability with 98% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 2 A g−1 is also achieved. Systematic analysis by in situ Raman spectroscopy and ex situ TEM demonstrates the structural stability and reversibility in the charge–discharge process. Although the kinetics studies reveal the capacitive‐dominated process for potassium storage, density functional theory calculations provide evidence that N, S co‐doping contributes to expanding the interlayer space to promote the K‐ion insertion, improving the electronic conductivity, and providing ample defective sites to favor the K‐ion adsorption.
Recent Progress of Diatomic Catalysts: General Design Fundamentals and Diversified Catalytic Applications
Authors: Hu Yifan , Li Zesheng , Li Bolin , Yu Changlin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn recent years, some experiments and theoretical work have pointed out that diatomic catalysts not only retain the advantages of monoatomic catalysts, but also introduce a variety of interactions, which exceed the theoretical limit of catalytic performance and can be applied to many catalytic fields. Here, the interaction between adjacent metal atoms in diatomic catalysts is elaborated: synergistic effect, spacing enhancement effect (geometric effect), and electronic effect. With regard to the classification and characterization of various new diatomic catalysts, diatomic catalysts are classified into four categories: heteronuclear/homonuclear, with/without carbon carriers, and their characterization measures are introduced and explained in detail. In the aspect of preparation of diatomic catalysts, the widely used atomic layer deposition method, metal–organic framework derivative method, and simple ball milling method are introduced, with emphasis on the formation mechanism of diatomic catalysts. Finally, the effective control strategies of four diatomic catalysts and the key applications of diatomic catalysts in electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, thermal catalysis, and other catalytic fields are given.
Ligand‐Engineered Quantum Dots Decorated Heterojunction Photoelectrodes for Self‐Biased Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Cai Mengke , Tong Xin , Zhao Hongyang , Li Xin , You Yimin , Wang Rui , Xia Li , Zhou Nan , Wang Lianzhou , Wang Zhiming M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA cost‐effective and high‐efficiency photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting system based on colloidal quantum dots (QDs) represents a potential solar‐to‐hydrogen (STH) conversion technology to achieve future carbon neutrality. Herein, a self‐biased PEC cell consisting of BiVO4 photoanode and Cu2O photocathode both decorated with Zn‐doped CuInS2 (ZCIS) QDs is successfully fabricated. The intrinsic charge dynamics of the photoelectrodes are efficiently optimized via rational engineering of the surface ligands capped on QDs with controllable chain lengths and binding affinities to the metal oxide electrodes. It is demonstrated that the short‐chain monodentate 1‐dodecanethiol ligands are beneficial to ZCIS QDs for suppressing charge recombination, which enables the construction of tight heterojunction with coupled metal oxide electrodes, leading to effective photo‐induced charge transfer/injection for enhanced PEC performance. The QD decorated BiVO4 and Cu2O photoelectrodes in pairs demonstrate a self‐biased PEC water splitting process, delivering an STH efficiency of 0.65% with excellent stability under AM 1.5 G one‐sun illumination. The results highlight the significance of synergistic ligand and heterojunction engineering to build highly efficient and robust QDs‐based PEC devices for self‐biased solar water splitting.
Probing Nanoconfined Ion Transport in Electrified 2D Laminate Membranes with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Xiao , Liang Qinghua , Jiang Wen‐Jie , Wang Peiyao , Liao Jinsha , Xiong Zhiyuan , Li Dan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe recent emergence of electrically conductive nanoporous membranes based on graphene and other 2D materials opens up new opportunities to revisit some longstanding nanoconfined ion transport problems under electrification. This work probes the ionic resistance in electrified multilayered graphene membranes with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This study demonstrates that the combination of additive‐free feature and tunable slit pore sizes in the sub‐10 nm range in graphene‐based membranes has made it possible to deconvolute the different ionic processes from the impedance obtained and examine the exclusive influence of pore size on the ionic resistance in a quantitative manner. The trends revealed for the ionic resistance at the pore entrance and inside the pores under severe nanoconfinement (<2 nm) are found to be generally consistent with the microscale theoretical simulations previously reported. It also allows a quantitative analysis of the relative effects of the external polarization potential and ion identity under nanoconfinement. The results suggest that the classic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique, when applied to appropriate nanoporous electrode materials, can provide rich information about nanoconfined ion transport phenomena under electrification for fundamental understanding and application development.
The study of gesture in cognitive linguistics: How it could inform and inspire other research in cognitive science
Authors: Cienki Alan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCognitive linguists are increasingly extending their paradigm to include the study of gestures. The bottom‐up, usage‐based approach in cognitive linguistics has advanced the methods for identifying gesture functions, starting from a detailed analysis of gesture forms. Theoretical notions from cognitive linguistics also help explain the means by which the forms of gestures can be interpreted as meaningful functions. Principles of conceptual metonymy explain how gestures indicate referents through the partial representation of their features that are relevant in the context of use. Conceptual metaphor theory sheds light on how abstract notions can be represented in gesture via comparison with physical source domains. Furthermore, every gestural representation inherently requires the gesturing speaker to employ a specific viewpoint for their depiction—something which is normally not expressed verbally. These aspects of gesture provide insights into processes of thinking for speaking that can be exploited in various fields of cognitive science research. Referential gestures also normally combine pragmatic and interactive functions (showing stance‐taking, for example) with representational or deictic functions. The multiple functions of gesture combined with those of speech raise questions for further research about how viewing‐listeners interpret and combine information from the multiple semiotic systems employed by gesturing‐speakers. Finally, gesture use has been shown to correlate not only with lexical concepts but also in some ways with grammatical constructions. This gives rise to fundamental questions about what constitutes the grammar of a language. Gesture analysis thus raises issues for consideration in any research in cognitive science that concerns spoken language.This article is categorized under:
Linguistics > Cognitive
Linguistics > Linguistic Theory
Psychology > Language
On unbiasedness and biasedness of the Wilcoxon and some nonparametric tests
Authors: Murakami Hidetoshi , Lee Seong‐Keon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn several fields of applications, the underlying theoretical distribution is unknown and cannot be assumed to have a specific parametric distribution such as a normal distribution. Nonparametric statistical methods are preferable in these cases. Nonparametric testing hypotheses have been one of the primarily used statistical procedures for nearly a century, and the power of the test is an important property in nonparametric testing procedures. This review discusses the unbiasedness of nonparametric tests. In nonparametric hypothesis, the best‐known Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney (WMW) test has both robustness and power performance. Therefore, the WMW test is widely used to determine the location parameter. In this review, the unbiasedness and biasedness of the WMW test for the location parameter family of the distribution is mainly investigated. An overview of historical developments, detailed discussions, and works on the unbiasedness/biasedness of several nonparametric tests are presented with references to numerous studies. Finally, we conclude this review with a discussion on the unbiasedness/biasedness of nonparametric test procedures. This article is categorized under: Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Nonparametric Methods.This article is categorized under:Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Nonparametric Methods