bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic role of kaempferol and myricetin in streptozotocin induced diabetes synergistically via modulation in pancreatic amylase, glycogen storage and insulin secretion
Authors: Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Kazmi Imran 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aim
Kaempferol and Myricetin alone have promising benefits on diabetes and related complications, yet the effectiveness of cotreating the two compounds on diabetes have not been studied. The existing investigation was to study the combined anti-diabetic effect of kaempferol and myricetin in streptozotocin (STZ)-activated diabetes in rats.
Methods
To evaluate the antidiabetic activity, 36 Wistar rats were segregated into six groups; Normal, 50 mg/kg STZ-induced diabetes, and four (50 mg/kg kaempferol, 50 mg/kg myricetin, 25mg/kg kaempferol + myricetin, and 5mg/kg glibenclamide) compound-treated diabetic groups. The effects of co-treatment on parameters, glucose, insulin, lipid profile, liver enzymes, antioxidant biomarkers, and inflammatory cytokines were measured.
Results
The study revealed that combined treatment restored the assessed parameters including glucose levels, insulin levels, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative markers, and lipid and liver enzymes in diabetic rats.
Conclusion
The results indicate that cotreatment of kaempferol and myricetin has beneficial role against diabetes suggesting that cotreatment of these compounds can be used therapeutically in treating diabetes.
A Review of the 3D-Printing Applications in Ostomy Creation and Complex Intestinal Fistula Management
Authors: Soh Chien Lin , Pandiaraja Madhumitha , Powar Michael P 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This scoping review aims to provide a summary of the use of 3D printing in colorectal surgery for the management of complex intestinal fistula and ostomy creation.
Methods
A systematic database search was conducted of original articles that explored the use of 3D-printing in colorectal surgery in EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane database and Google Scholar, from inception to March 2022. Original articles and case reports that discussed 3D-printing in colorectal surgery relating to complex intestinal fistulae and ostomies were identified and analysed.
Results
There were 8 articles identified which discussed the use of 3D-printing in colorectal surgery, of which 2 discussed ostomy creation, 4 discussed complex fistulae management and 2 discussed patient models.
Conclusion
3D printing has a promising role in terms of management of these conditions and can improve outcomes in terms of recovery, fluid loss and function with no increase in complications. The use of 3D printing is still in its early stages of development in colorectal surgery. Further research in the form of randomized control trials (RCTs) to improve methodological robustness will reveal its true potential.
Uniform coverage scanning path planning for magnetorheological polishing of complex surfaces
Authors: Li Weixing , Lu Mingming , Liu Yuyang , Gao Qiang , Du Yongsheng , Shan Mingxing , Zhang Limin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a uniform coverage scanning path planning method for magnetorheological polishing of complex curved surfaces, which realizes the uniform removal of polished surface materials and further ameliorate the quality and effectiveness of optical surface polishing. The contact motion of abrasive grains is considered in the polishing process, and an efficient iterative approximation algorithm is used. On this basis, an efficient and accurate equal-error step size algorithm suitable for magnetorheological polishing of complex surfaces is applied. Fixed the value of the motion step to ensure that each approximation deviation is within the allowable error range of the allowable machining. At the same time, the relationship among residual height, radius of curvature and polishing line spacing is determined by mathematical operation, and the contact area map of the planned polishing path in the three-dimensional space was established. The effectiveness and superiority of the presented polishing path generation method compared to traditional paths in promoting material removal uniformity are verified by simulation and virtual machining. The results show that the planned polishing path is more suitable for complex surface polishing.
The effect of resource loss on depression and peritraumatic distress during the early period of the COVID-19: considering the pandemic-situational and social context
Authors: Lee Yubin , Hyun Yoorim , You Myoungsoon , Lee Heeyoung , Han Jin-Ok , Seo Suin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The public experienced loss of resources, including their health and property during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory is a useful tool to explain the effect of resource loss on mental health. This paper examines the eﬀect of resource loss on depression and peritraumatic distress considering the situational and social context of the COVID-19 pandemic, applying COR theory. Methods: An online survey was conducted for Gyeonggi residents over eight days (5 October to 13 October 2020) when the second wave of the COVID-19 in South Korea declined; 2,548 subjects were included in the hierarchical linear regression analysis.Results: COVID-19 related experiences (infection /isolation /quarantine), resource losses (e.g., ﬁnancial burden, deterioration of health, and decline of self-esteem), and fear of stigma were related to elevated levels of peritraumatic distress and depression. A higher level of risk perception was associated with higher peritraumatic distress, and people with reduced income or job loss showed a higher level of depression. Social support was a protective factor for mental health.Conclusions: This study indicates that COVID-19-related experiences and loss of daily resources require attention when considering mental health parameters during COVID-19. Moreover, it is important to monitor the mental health of medically and socially vulnerable groups and those who have lost resources due to the pandemic and to provide these individuals with social support or ﬁnancial compensation.
Preclinical development of carrier-free prodrug nanoparticles for enhanced antitumor therapeutic potential with less toxicity
Authors: Shim Man Kyu , Yang Suah , Park Jooho , Yoon Jun Sik , Kim Jinseong , Moon Yujeong , Shim Nayeon , Jo Mihee , Choi Yongwhan , Kim Kwangmeyung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. The most representative nanomedicine used in clinic is PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin DOXIL®, which is first FDA-approved nanomedicine. However, several shortcomings, such as low drug loading capacity and tumor targeting, difficulty in mass production and quality control (QC) and potential toxicity of carrier materials, have hindered the additional clinical translation of nanomedicines. In this study, we report a preclinical development process of the carrier-free prodrug nanoparticles designed as an alternative formulation to overcome limitations of conventional nanomedicines in the terms of technical- and industrial-aspects.
Results
The carrier-free prodrug nanoparticles (F68-FDOX) are prepared by self-assembly of cathepsin B-specific cleavable peptide (FRRG) and doxorubicin (DOX) conjugates without any additional carrier materials, and further formulated with Pluronic F68, resulting in high drug loading (> 50%). The precise and concise structure allow mass production with easily controllable QC, and its lyophilized powder form has a great long-term storage stability in low, room and accelerated condition. With high cathepsin B-specificity, F68-FDOX induce a potent cytotoxicity preferentially in cancer cells, whereas their cytotoxicity is greatly minimized in normal cells with innately low cathepsin B expression. In tumor models, F68-FDOX efficiently accumulates within tumor tissues owing to enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and subsequently release toxic DOX molecules by cathepsin B-specific cleavage mechanism, showing a broad therapeutic spectrum with significant antitumor activity in three types of colon, breast and pancreatic cancers. Finally, the safety of F68-FDOX treatment is investigated after single-/multi-dosage into mice, showing greatly minimized DOX-related toxicity.
Conclusions
Collectively, these results provide potential preclinical development process of an alternative approach, new formulation of carrier-free prodrug nanoparticles, for clinical translation of nanomedicines.
Accuracy and feasibility of a novel fine hand motor skill assessment using computer vision object tracking
Authors: Kim Bokkyu , Neville Christopher 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Computer vision-based 3D motion capture systems are useful for human movement kinematic evaluation. We developed a computer vision-based 3D motion capture system by tracking an object manipulated by a hand to assess fine hand motor function. This study aimed to determine the accuracy and feasibility of this system to assess fine hand motor skill learning. We conducted four different experiments to test the accuracy and feasibility of this system. We used two action cameras with high resolution and high frame rate. We tested our system's accuracy in estimating the 3D positions of a static object and a moving object in different directions. We tested the feasibility of this system to assess fine hand motor skill learning in four non-disabled young adults. This clinical feasibility experiment used a standard motor skill learning experimental design. We utilized color-based object detection and tracking. Our results support that this computer vision-based motion capture system is accurate in reconstructing the 3D positions of a moving object. Also, we demonstrated that the system can be used to quantify the kinematics of the target object movements to evaluate fine hand motor skill learning. Future studies are needed to establish the reliability and validity of this system to assess fine hand motor skills in patient populations.
Ab initio calculation of real solids via neural network ansatz
Authors: Li Xiang , Li Zhe , Chen Ji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Neural networks have been applied to tackle many-body electron correlations for small molecules and physical models in recent years. Here we propose a new architecture that extends molecular neural networks with the inclusion of periodic boundary conditions to enable ab initio calculation of real solids. The accuracy of our approach is demonstrated in four different types of systems, namely the one-dimensional periodic hydrogen chain, the two-dimensional graphene, the three-dimensional lithium hydride crystal, and the homogeneous electron gas, where the obtained results, e.g. total energies, dissociation curves, and cohesive energies, outperform many traditional ab initio methods and reach the level of the most ac- curate approaches. Moreover, electron densities of typical systems are also calculated to provide physical intuition of various solids. Our method of extending a molecular neural network to periodic systems can be easily integrated into other neural network structures, highlighting a promising future of ab initio solution of more complex solid systems using neural net- work ansatz, and more generally endorsing the application of machine learning in materials simulation and condensed matter physics.
A network pharmacology approach and validation experiments to investigate the mechanism of the Chinese medicine Wen-Dan Decoction in the treatment of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis
Authors: Qi Baochuang , Li Chuan , Wu Yipeng , Xu Yongqing , Wang Yi , Li Mingjun , Shi Xiangwen , Lv Qian , Pu Luqiao , Fan Xinyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: The present work studied the mechanism of action of Wen-Dan Decoction in treating steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head (SINFH) via network pharmacology and in vivo experiments.Methods: The microarray dataset GSE123568 (peripheral blood), which includes 30 SINFH patients and 10 non-SINFH samples (after using steroids), is included in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to identify key SINFH-related genes. To investigate the functions of key SINFH-related genes, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses were performed. We constructed a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network based on the STRING database. In addition, we screened active components in Wen-Dan Decoction and their possible role in treating hormonal osteonecrosis using the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP) Database. Subsequently, the potential mechanisms of action of Wen-Dan Decoction in the treatment of SINFH obtained via network pharmacology analyses were validated in in vivo experiments.Results: A total of 608 DEGs were obtained (230 upregulated, 378 downregulated). In GO functional enrichment analysis, SINFH-related genes were mainly involved in neutrophil activation and immune response, and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that SINFH genes were mainly associated with cytokine receptor interactions, lipids and atherosclerosis, and tuberculosis. In addition, a total of 147 active ingredients were obtained for Wen-Dan Decoction, of which the core ingredient was quercetin, an active ingredient in licorice. Meanwhile, 277 target genes were identified for the treatment of SINFH with Wen-Dan Decoction, and NCF1, PTGS2, and RUNX2 were selected as core target genes. Furthermore, the results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) on peripheral blood and bone tissue samples from SINFH patients and non-SINFH samples showed that PGTS2 and NCF1 were upregulated in patient blood and necrotic bone tissues. In quercetin-treated mice, the appearance of femoral head necrosis was significantly improved, and micro-CT suggested that the bone density was significantly better. Finally, the results of qRT–PCR analysis of peripheral blood and femoral bone tissue from a mouse model of SINFH treated with quercetin showed that PGTS2 and NCF1 levels were downregulated compared with those of controls, which was consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis.Conclusion: This study provides new insights into the genes and related pathways involved in SINFH and shows that PTGS2 and NCF1 could be used as potential drug targets in SINFH.
A Double-NURBS Approach to the Generation of Trochoidal Tool Path
Authors: Chang Chia-Hao , Huang Ming , Yau H. T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Trochoidal milling becomes a popular strategy in high-speed rough milling, thanks to its advantages in lowering cutting force (and tool wear) and increasing tool life. However, it also suffers from the disadvantages of low cutting efficiency and prolonged machining time due to its reduced cutter-workpiece engagement in the cutting area and the idle tool path in the non-cutting area. In this paper, a new trochoidal tool path generation method is proposed based on a double-NURBS curve. Unlike traditional circular trochoidal tool path that combines circular and linear paths to approximate the trochoidal path, the double-NURBS tool path can truly represent a trochoidal path with C2 continuity throughout the entire tool path. In the front cutting area, the control points of the NURBS are modified to increase the cutter-workpiece engagement angles; in the rear non-active area, the NURBS curve is modified to shorten the non-cutting distance and the machining time. Degree elevation of the NURBS circle from 2 to 3 maintains C2 continuity to ensure the machining is smooth throughout all transitions. Cutting force simulations and pocket machining experiments are carried out to validate that the proposed double-NURBS approach deliver the expected result and performance.
Enhancing the performance of moment frames using a dumbbell-shaped rocking shear wall with additional devices
Authors: Massumi Ali , Piri Mehrdad , Nematnezhad Mohammad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Studies have shown that the high cost of repairing damaged structures and the time it takes to rebuild them after an earthquake, especially in densely populated cities, impose severe financial and economic pressures on countries. To solve this problem, rocking systems were introduced as new systems to improve the seismic performance of structures. In these systems, the rocking wall is allowed to rock and elastic devices are used to provide self-centering and dissipate the seismic energy. The advantages of this system include low structural damages, ease in performing structural repairs as well as reducing the costs regarding them. In the current study, the geometry of an existing rocking shear wall attached to three- and nine-story moment-resisting frames was investigated by reducing the rocking wall’s thickness in height and also by adding border elements to the wall as dumbbells. The models were designed according to common seismic codes and then were analyzed through nonlinear time-history analysis when subjected to a series of modified near-field ground motions. According to the results, it was observed that besides exhibiting desired behavior through the combination of prestressed cables and energy dissipating elements, the modified rocking shear wall improved the performance level of the structures and reduced the amount of concrete used by 36 and 20% in 3- and 9-story models. The new system with a modified rocking wall had on average a higher fundamental period, higher base shear, and more properly distributed plastic hinges. This was because of less concrete usage, as well as deploying less prestressed cables compared to the conventional model.
Systemic immune-inflammation index within the first postoperative hour as a predictor of severe postoperative complications in upper abdominal surgery: A retrospective single- center study
Authors: Jiao Yang , Zhang Xiao , Liu Mei , Sun Yu'e , Ma Zhengliang , Gu Xiaoping , Gu Wei , Zhu Wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Systemic pro-inflammatory factors play a critical role in mediating severe postoperative complications (SPCs) in upper abdominal surgery (UAS). The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been identified as a new inflammatory marker in many occasions. The present study aims to determine the association between SII and the occurrence of SPCs after UAS.
Methods
Included in this study were 310 patients with upper abdominal tumors who received UAS and subsequently were transferred to the anesthesia intensive care unit between November 2020 and November 2021 in Nanjing Drum Hospital. SPCs, including postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), major adverse cardiac and cardiovascular events, postoperative infections and delirium, were recorded during the hospital stay. The clinical features of the patients with and without SPCs were compared by Student’s t-test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Risk factors associated with SPC occurrence were evaluated by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to establish a cut-off level of SII value to predict SPCs.
Results
Of the 310 patients receiving UAS, 103 patients (33.2%) presented at least one SPC, including PPCs (n = 62), adverse cardiovascular events (n = 22), postoperative infections (n = 51), and delirium (n = 5). Blood samples were collected for SII and other laboratory measurements before operation and within the first hour after operation. Both preoperative SII and 1-h postoperative SII in patients with complications were significantly higher than those in patients without significant SPCs. Multivariate analysis showed that 1-h postoperative SII was an independent predictor for SPCs occurrence (OR = 1.000, 95% CI 1.000–1.000), together with 1-h postoperative C-reactive protein, 1-h postoperative arterial lactate, 1-h postoperative oxygenation-index and older age. The ROC curve showed that the optimal cutoff value of 1-h postoperative SII to predict SPC was 754.6078×109/L, with an 88.3% sensitivity and a 29% specificity.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrated an association between the higher level of 1-h postoperative SII and SPCs, suggesting that 1-h postoperative SII may be a useful tool for identifying patients at risk of developing SPCs.
Composition of the core and differential bacterial microbiomes in the gut compartments of the Madagascar hissing cockroach Gromphadorhina portentosa
Authors: Guzman Juan , Junca Howard , Poehlein Anja , Daniel Rolf , Vilcinskas Andreas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Cockroaches carry a diverse bacterial community in their guts, and certain bacterial clades are unique to this environment. The gut microbiome of the Madagascar hissing cockroach Gromphadorhina portentosa has not been studied in detail, and there is evidence from culture experiments that this cockroach carries a unique microbial community. Here we present the results of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in the foregut, midgut and hindgut of G. portentosa to identify the most abundant lineages and to assess the bacterial diversity of each gut compartment.
Results
The hindgut showed the highest bacterial diversity, with a mean Shannon-Wiener index of ~ 4, compared to ~ 2 in the foregut and ~ 3 in the midgut. Lineages of the families Oscillospiraceae and Christensenellaceae (phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia) together with specific members of the phyla Verrucomicrobiota, Pseudomonadota, Fusobacteriota and Bacteroidota were predominant in the hindgut. The genus Entomobacter (family Acetobacteraceae) and certain subclades of the family Lactobacillaceae formed the core microbiome of the foregut, whereas the taxonomic groups well represented in the midgut were members of the family Spirochaetaceae, certain lineages of the classes Gammaproteobacteria and Clostridia, and the phylum Bacteroidota. A number of abundant sequences found particularly in the hindgut could not be classified in taxonomic ranks lower than order or class, strongly suggesting that these represent yet undescribed taxa.
Conclusions
Bacteria of the family Lactobacillaceae were abundant and prevalent in the foregut and midgut of G. portentosa, but the hindgut was largely dominated by anaerobic clades such as members of the phyla Fusobacteriota and Bacteroidota, the classes Desulfovibrionales and Desulfobacterales, and the family Peptostreptococcaceae.