bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untargeted metabolomics to analyze alterations in two-dimensional graphdiyne–copper nanocomposite on the metabolic reprogramming of prostate cancer
Authors: Zhang Yixun , Xie Wenjie , Lin Jundong , Zhuo Yangjia , Zou Zhihao , He Huichan , Xu Qianfeng , Tang Zhenfeng , Tan Huijing , Liu Ren , Deng Yulin , Cai Shanghua , Ye Jianheng , Wang Lude , Zou Fen , Zhong Weide 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common type of cancer in men worldwide. Metabolic reprogramming is an important factor in its pathogenesis. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have tremendous potential for cancer treatment owing to their unique physicochemical properties. However, very few studies have focused on the metabolic reprogramming mechanisms of PCa using 2D nanomaterials. In this study, for the first time, 2D graphdiyne (GDY) was used as a template to immobilize copper (Cu) ions to form a novel nanocomposite (GDY–Cu). GDY provides a large π-conjugated architecture that spatiotemporally restricts Cu ions spatiotemporally to realize the functional moiety of Cu ions as tumor therapeutics. The GDY–Cu nanocomposite with a 2D morphological structure was characterized using a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy. The distribution of Cu loaded on the GDY was confirmed by high-resolution TEM with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis. In vitro and in vivo, GDY–Cu exhibits a good antitumor effect and is associated with specific metabolic reprogramming characteristics of PCa. In this study, the effect of GDY–Cu on the metabolic reprogramming of PCa cells was analyzed using untargeted metabolomics. Differences in metabolites in DU145 cells treated with GDY–Cu were analyzed by clustering and target analysis using bioinformatics methods. GDY–Cu inhibited the growth of PCa cells by decreasing the expression levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA synthase, which inhibits the synthesis of related fatty acids and lipid metabolism. These results indicated that GDY–Cu inhibits the growth of PCa cells mainly via lipid metabolic pathways. At present, combinatory therapeutic modalities based on GDY and Cu are in their infancy. Further exploration is required to promote the development of 2D nanocomposite combinatory therapeutic modalities based on metabolic reprogramming.
Mechanical behaviour of stir cast TiO2/Redmud/Al6061 metal matrix composites
Authors: Hugar Niranjan , Narayana B Venkata , Waddar Sunil 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present work deals with mechanical characterization of titanium oxide (TiO2)/Redmud/Aluminium alloy 6061 (Al6061) hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMC’s) processed using stir casting method. The weight fractions of TiO2 are varied (2%,4% and 6%) and amount of redmud is kept constant (2%) in Al6061. The optimised parameters for stir casting are employed for fabrication the samples of all the configurations and cut according to ASTM standards. The presence of the elements of the constituents is confirmed by XRD and EDS. Effect of TiO2 and redmud content on Tensile, Compression and Hardness are studied in detail. The results reveal that the tensile, compressive and hardness of the prepared composites enhance with TiO2 content. The yield and ultimate strength increase in the range of 29.77%–72.36% and 29.96%–63.90% respectively than the Al6061. The compressive strength enhanced in the range of 9.28%–33.20% than the Al6061. Enhancement of hardness in the range of 9.41%–41.17% is observed as compared to Al6061. The fractography studies confirm uniform mixing of the constituents and load transfer mechanism.
Using microfluidic technology to measure the terahertz absorption properties of phase-changing thermoregulated emulsions
Authors: Jin Jing-Yi-Ran , Peng Bo , Meng Qing-Hao , Qian Si-Yu , Su Bo , Cui Hai-Lin , Zhang Cun-Lin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Phase-changing materials (PCMs) are widely used thermal-energy-storage substances that utilize the absorption and emission of heat during the solid–liquid–solid phase change of a substance to store and release thermal energy, which is closely related to their structural properties. This paper combines THz technology with microfluidic technology to investigate the THz spectral properties of phase-changing thermoregulated emulsions and the results show that: with the increase of the applied magnetic field strength, more molecules are magnetized and arranged with orientation, and the transmission intensity of THz increases; with the increase of the applied electric field strength, the bond length of covalent bonds becomes larger, and the transmission intensity of THz increases; during the cooling process, the free energy of molecules decreases, and the transmission intensity of THz increases. The results provide technical and data support for the in-depth study of phase-changing thermoregulated emulsions, which is important for the fine study and improvement of properties in different environments in aerospace and coating fields.
Simultaneous effect of activated carbon and chlorophyll pigment from leaves of acacia nilotica on the enhancement of electron transfer in DSSC applications
Authors: Dhanasekaran P , Marimuthu R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A well-defined attempt has been made to confirm the impact of green dye with activated carbon on the performance of Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) compared to the natural red dye as sensitizer. Green dye from the leaf of Acacia Nilotica combined with the activated carbon derived from coconut Shell and red dye from beet root with activated carbon extracted using ethanol have been used to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cells. The pH of the extracts confirms the acidic nature of the dyes. The chlorophyll pigments in the green dye and activated carbon particles have pronounced effect for the efficiency of the solar cell. It is found that the solar cell with green dye and activated carbon has given an efficiency of 0.69% with fill factor, open circuit voltage and short circuit current density of 0.5361, 0.65 V and 2.0 mA cm−2. The red dye with activated carbon as sensitizer has given the efficiency of 0.504%. Analysis of the green dye with activated carbon in DSSC has proven the enhanced electron injection with low charge transfer resistance of 58 Ω and higher rate of reduction of redox couple I−/I3
−.
Erosion behavior and mechanism of Cu-B4C composites under arc discharge in different atmospheres
Authors: Li Xinchao , Feng Yi , Wang Fei , Liu Zhuhan , Zhou Zijue , Yu Miao , Jiang Ningyuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ceramic particle-reinforced materials are an important part of high-performance contact materials because of the excellent performance in resistance to arc erosion. In particular, B4C is the ideal choice for the preparation of high-performance electrical contact materials because of its excellent physicochemical properties. In this paper, Cu-B4C composites were prepared by hot-press sintering technology to illustrate the arc erosion behavior of Cu-B4C composites in different atmospheres at high voltages. The erosion morphology and composition of Cu-B4C composites after erosion in air, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride atmosphere at 8kV were studied. The different erosion mechanisms of Cu-B4C composites in air, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride atmospheres were systematically discussed. The results showed that the Cu-B4C composites exhibited inhomogeneous erosion in all three atmospheres, and the erosion was mainly concentrated in the region around the B4C particles. In air, the Cu-B4C composites were most severely eroded, but showed better erosion resistance in carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride. The experimental atmosphere decomposed and reacted with copper on the cathode surface at high temperatures, while B4C maintained a good structure after erosion.
Mechanical properties and impact energy release characteristics of Al0.5NbZrTi1.5Ta0.8Ce0.85 high-entropy alloy
Authors: Ma Yusong , He Jinyan , Zhou Liang , Zhang Kaichuang , Gai Xiqiang , Zhang Xinggao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To explore the potential of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) as energetic structural materials (ESMs), Al0.5NbZrTi1.5Ta0.8Ce0.85 high-entropy alloys were prepared by vacuum arc melting. XRD and TEM indicated the coexistence of BCC and FCC structures. SEM images illustrated element segregation in HEA. HEA exhibited excellent mechanical properties and impact energy release characteristics. When the strain rate increased from 10–3 s−1 to 4500 s−1, the yield strength increased by 56.2% from 909 MPa to 1420 MPa. Under impact, the threshold of strain rate of HEA was about 1200 s−1. Ballistic gun tests were performed to investigate the penetration behaviour and energy release characteristics. Al0.5NbZrTi1.5Ta0.8Ce0.85 could penetrate 6 mm A3 plate at the speed of 712 m s−1 and ignite the cotton behind the target, combining excellent mechanical properties and impact energy release characteristics.
Overview of machine learning applications in fusion plasma experiments on J-TEXT tokamak
Authors: ZHENG Wei , XUE Fengming , SHEN Chengshuo , ZHONG Yu , AI Xinkun , CHEN Zhongyong , DING Yonghua , ZHANG Ming , YANG Zhoujun , WANG Nengchao , ZHANG Zhichao , DONG Jiaolong , TANG Chouyao , PAN Yuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Machine learning research and applications in fusion plasma experiments are one of the main subjects on J-TEXT. Since 2013, various kinds of traditional machine learning, as well as deep learning methods have been applied to fusion plasma experiments. Further applications in the real-time experimental environment have proved the feasibility and effectiveness of the methods. For disruption prediction, we started by predicting disruptions of limited classes with a short warning time that could not meet the requirements of the mitigation system. After years of study, nowadays disruption prediction methods on J-TEXT are able to predict all kinds of disruptions with a high success rate and long enough warning time. Furthermore, cross-device disruption prediction methods have obtained promising results. Interpretable analysis of the models are studied. For diagnostics data processing, efforts have been made to reduce manual work in processing and to increase the robustness of the diagnostic system. Models based on both traditional machine learning and deep learning have been applied to real-time experimental environments. The models have been cooperating with the plasma control system and other systems, to make joint decisions to further support the experiments.
A quantum science space station
Authors: Thompson Rob , Mahageg Makan , Kellogg Jim , Mosher Todd , Ramadorai Ray , Ruttley Tara , Wagner Erika , Woerner Lisa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the coming years we expect to see a diverse array of quantum instruments being developed and flown in space, including quantum gas experiments, optical clocks, atom interferometry experiments, and quantum information/quantum optics experiments. The International Space Station has proven itself as an exceptional platform for such missions, providing long-term microgravity in a pressurized and temperature controlled environment, with ample power, thermal and data resources. However the station is currently planned to operate only through 2030, well before many proposed quantum sciences missions could be ready for launch, and we undertake here to explore what an ideal follow-on platform might look like. In particular, we believe that a much smaller and less expensive low Earth orbiting facility, optimized and dedicated to quantum science, could be an exceptionally powerful platform for exploring the quantum world and harnessing quantum technology. Such a platform would allow multiple quantum instruments to share resources and explore related phenomena in concert.
Land pollution research: progress, challenges, and prospects
Authors: Gao Ling , Hu Tianzhen , Li Li , Zhou Maoyuan , Zhu Baoqing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper comprehensively searched all the literature on the subject of ‘land pollution’ through the core collection of the Web of Science database, and systematically processed the research literature from 1944 to 2021 using CiteSpace software, and carried out bibliometric analysis and visual presentation, which uncovers the LP research dynamics in detail, and draw the following conclusions: First, through the indicator of betweenness centrality, the basic authors and journals of the subject are obtained; from the perspective of publishing institutions and affiliated countries, the United States is an important research center for LP. Second, keywords such as ‘land use’, ‘air pollution’, ‘impact’, ‘soil pollution’ and ‘management’ are all high-frequency words. The results of keyword clustering and co-citation information in the literature indicate the natural-social dimensions of LP research, such as the use and quality of air, land, and water, as well as urbanization and environmental policies. However, challenges remain and current LP studies are still characterized by a certain degree of fragmentation, which should be enriched by combining land use changes and should require combining experimental results with socioeconomic analysis to propose joint LP remediation approaches. Finally, local and regional forces may strongly influence the LP process, and the drivers of globalization should be emphasized.
Analytical subthreshold current model of the dual-material tri-gate (DMTG) MOSFET and its application for subthreshold logic gate
Authors: Liu Wentao , Chiang Te-Kuang , Yan Yan , Liou Juin J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Multi-gate MOSFETs are considered for realizing ultra-low-power circuits due to their superior channel control capability and short channel effect (SCE) resistance. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to establish a suitable compact device circuit model for them. However, current research focuses more on single-material multi-gate MOSFET, and there is no research report on dual-material logic gates. In this work, we develop a subthreshold current model for dual-material tri-gate (DMTG) MOSFET. It is found that the gate metal close to the source can affect the subthreshold characteristics of the transistor to a greater extent. Moreover, combined with the equivalent transistor model, the noise margin (NM) model of the subthreshold inverter composed of DMTG MOSFETs is developed. The nearly equal NM can be obtained by equal NM design (END). An appropriate work function can be selected through END to obtain the optimal NM when designing the inverter. The NM under different device geometric parameters is given, and the simulation result shows that the model accuracy reaches 98%. Finally, the effect of DMTG structure on the device drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) is given, which effectively reduces DIBL by 42%. These models still remain high accuracy when the device channel length shrink down to 20 nm, which provide the possibility for DMTG MOSFET to be effectively applied to ultra-low-power circuits.
Neuromorphic model of hippocampus place cells using an oscillatory interference technique for hardware implementation
Authors: Zhaoqi Chen , Nasrallah Alia , Alemohammad Milad , Furuta Masanori , Etienne-Cummings Ralph 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a simplified and robust model for place cell generation based on the oscillatory interference (OI) model concept. Aiming toward hardware implementation in bio-inspired simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) systems for mobile robotics, we base our model on logic operations that reduce its computational complexity. The model compensates for parameter variations in the behaviors of the population of constituent theta cells, and allows the theta cells to have square-wave oscillation profiles. The robustness of the model, with respect to mismatch in the theta cell’s base oscillation frequency and gain—as a function of modulatory inputs—is demonstrated. Place cell composed of 48 theta cells with base frequency variations with a 25% standard deviation from the mean and a gain error with 20% standard deviation from the mean only result in a 20% deformations within the place field and 0.24% outer side lobes, and an overall pattern with 0.0015 mean squared error on average. We also present how the model can be used to achieve the localization and path-tracking functionalities of SLAM. Hence, we propose a model for spatial cell formation using theta cells with behaviors that are biologically plausible and hardware implementable for real world application in neurally-inspired SLAM.
Developing a core outcome set for hospital deprescribing trials for older people under the care of a geriatrician
Authors: Martin-Kerry Jacqueline , Taylor Jo , Scott Sion , Patel Martyn , Wright David , Clark Allan , Turner David , Alldred David Phillip , Murphy Katherine , Keevil Victoria , Witham Miles D , Kellar Ian , Bhattacharya Debi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Half of older people are prescribed unnecessary/inappropriate medications that are not routinely deprescribed in hospital hence there is a need for deprescribing trials. We aimed to develop a Core Outcome Set (COS) for deprescribing trials for older people under the care of a geriatrician during hospital admission.

Methods
We developed a list of potentially relevant outcomes from the literature. Using a two-round Delphi survey of stakeholder groups representing older people and carers, hospital clinicians, hospital managers, and ageing/deprescribing researchers, each outcome was scored according to Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, followed by two consensus workshops to finalise the COS.

Results
Two hundred people completed Round 1 and 114 completed Round 2. Representing all stakeholder groups, 10 people participated in workshop 1 and 10 in workshop 2. Six outcomes were identified as most important, feasible and acceptable to collect in a trial: number of prescribed medicines stopped; number of prescribed medicines with dosage reduced; quality of life; mortality; adverse drug events and number of hospital stays. Three other outcomes were identified as important, but currently too burdensome to collect: number of potentially inappropriate medicines prescribed; burden from medication routine; and medication-related admissions to hospital.

Conclusions
A COS represents the minimum outcomes that should be collected and reported. Whilst uncommon practice for COS development, the value of considering outcome collection feasibility is demonstrated by the removal of three potential outcomes that, if included, may have compromised COS uptake due to challenges with collecting the data.
Graded Depth of Response and Neoplastic Plasma Cell Index as Indicators of Survival Outcomes in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Following Autologous Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Das Nupur , Dahiya Meetu , Gupta Ritu , Kumar Lalit , Rani Lata , Gupta Anubha , Farswan Akanksha , Sharma Atul , Sharma Om Dutt 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
With a substantial number of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) experiencing disease relapse, the quest for more sensitive methods to assess deeper responses indicative of cure continues.

Methods
In this prospective analysis of 170 patients with MM at day 100 after autologous stem cell transplant, we evaluated the predictive value of conventional response, measurable residual disease (MRDTOTAL: the aberrant percentage of plasma cells [PC%] among total bone marrow cells), and neoplastic plasma cell index scores (NPCI: the aberrant PC% of total PCs).

Results
Significantly better progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed with deepening conventional response. Conventional response–based stratification within the MRD-positive and MRD-negative subgroups showed a significantly higher PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.11; P &lt; .005) and OS (HR, 3.08; P = .01) in the conventional response-positive/MRD-positive group compared with the conventional response-negative/MRD-positive group. Using K-adaptive partitioning to find the optimum threshold for MRD, patients achieving less than 0.001% MRDTOTAL had superior PFS (MRDTOTAL 0.001% to &lt;0.1%: HR, 6.66, P &lt; .005; MRDTOTAL ≥0.1%: HR, 11.52, P &lt; .005) and OS (MRDTOTAL 0.001% to &lt;0.1%: HR, 5.3, P &lt; .05; MRDTOTAL ≥0.1%: HR = 9.21, P &lt; .005). The C index and Akaike information criterion metrics demonstrated the superior performance of the NPCI compared with MRDTOTAL in predicting treatment outcome.

Conclusions
Progressive deepening of response, conventional as well as MRD, correlates with superior survival outcomes. The NPCI proved to be a superior determinant of survival and can be explored as a better statistic than MRD.
Biogeographical events, not cospeciation, might be the main drivers in the historical association betweenNoctiliostreblaspecies (Streblidae) and their bulldog bat hosts
Authors: Alcantara Daniel Maximo Correa , Graciolli Gustavo , Antunes Junior Manuel , Toma Ronaldo , Nihei Silvio Shigueo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe genus Noctiliostrebla Wenzel (Diptera: Streblidae) stands out for its high degree of specificity exhibited in relation to bat species of the genus Noctilio Linnaeus and provides an exciting system for understanding the history behind host–parasite associations. Here, we present a phylogeny of Noctiliostrebla based on an analysis of DNA sequences and morphological characters, along with cophylogenetic and biogeographical analyses. Our results strongly support the monophyly of Noctiliostrebla, but with uncertainties within the genus. With a low frequency of cospeciation events explaining the associations between hosts and parasites, cophylogenetic analyses did not show an overall congruence between the host and parasite phylogenies. Indeed, two parallel histories were recovered in the host–parasite associations, which might indicate that niche segregation is determined evolutionarily, facilitating the coexistence of parasites and promoting diversification. Biogeographical analysis showed a strong spatial congruence between disjunct distributions of Noctiliostrebla and major river basins in South America and with areas of higher elevation, which might be associated with the glacial periods throughout the Pliocene and Pleistocene. Overall, our findings suggest an agreement with the expectations of the ‘Stockholm paradigm’ framework, in which biogeographical events and ecological factors act as important components to explain the associations, instead of cospeciation events.