bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative weight loss and postoperative short and long-term results in Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Verdaguer Mireia , Beisani Marc , López Óscar González , Vilallonga Ramón , de Gordejuela Amador García Ruiz , Jurado Maria José Gómez , Curell Anna , Carrasco Manel Armengol 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
IntroductionChange in lifestyle and diets is a part of the bariatric surgery process. Preoperative weight loss is still considered obligatory in some programs, but its benefits remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the preoperative weight loss on the postoperative results, in terms of long-term weight loss and perioperative morbidity.Methods.A retrospective review from the prospective collected database was performed. Patients operated for Roux-n-Y Gastric bypass (RYGB) or Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) as a primary procedure with at least 5 years of follow-up were analysed. Two group of patients were defined depending on if any preoperative weight loss was achieved or not. Patients with 5% or more weight loss were independently evaluated too. Weight loss up to 5 years, nadir weight loss and early postoperative morbidity were analysed.Results.419 Patients were included (225 RYGB and 194 SG), 324 (77.3%) were women, with a mean age of 45.85 years (ranging 15 to 69). 178 patients (42.5%) achieved any weight loss prior to surgery, and just 26 (13.4%) more than 5%. Preoperative weight loss did not correlate with less morbidity, leak o reoperation rate after SG. In the RYGB preoperative weight loss patients showed a trend to higher morbidity.In terms of weight loss, preoperative weight loss patients did not achieve better nadir BMI (27.99kg/m2 vs 28.55kg/m2, p=0.213) nor final BMI (31.56kg/m2 vs 32.04kg/m2, p=0.412). Those results were repeated when RYGB and SG patients were analysed independently. Univariate and multivariate analyses did not find that PWL had any relationship to nadir BMI, final BMI nor postoperative morbidity, leak or reoperation risk.Conclusions.Preoperative weight loss did not correlate to better postoperative results nor to better weight loss results in our series.
The gut microbiome and child mental health: a population-based study
Authors: Kraaij Robert , Schuurmans Isabel , Radjabzadeh Djawad , Tiemeier Henning , Dinan Timothy , Uitterlinden André , Hillegers Manon , Jaddoe Vincent , Duijts Liesbeth , Moll Henriette , Rivadeneira Fernando , Medina-Gomez Carolina , Jansen Pauline , Cecil Charlotte 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The link between the gut microbiome and the brain has gained increasing scientific and public interest for its potential to explain psychiatric risk. While differences in gut microbiome composition have been associated with several mental health problems, evidence to date has been largely based on animal models and human studies in small sample sizes. Here, we aimed to systematically characterize associations of the gut microbiome with overall psychiatric symptoms as well as with specific domains of emotional and behavioral problems, assessed via the maternally rated Child Behavior Checklist in 1,784 ten-year-old children from the multi-ethnic, population-based Generation R Study. While we observe lower gut microbiome diversity in case of more overall and specific mental health problems, associations were not significant. Likewise, we did not identify any taxonomic feature associated with mental health problems after multiple testing correction, although nominally significant findings indicated depletion of genera previously associated with psychiatric disorders, includingAnaerotruncus, Anaeroplasma, andHungatella. The identified compositional abundance differences were found to be similar across all mental health problems. Finally, we did not find any specific microbial functions that were enriched in relation to children with mental health problems. In conclusion, based on the largest sample examined to date, we found no clear evidence of associations between gut microbiome diversity, taxonomies or functions and mental health problems in the general pediatric population. In future, the use of longitudinal designs with repeated measurements microbiome and psychiatric outcomes will be critical to clarify any emerging associations between the gut microbiome and mental health from early life to adulthood.
Secondary infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Haque Obaid Imtiyazul , Shameem Mohammad , Hashim Wamin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background Patients infected with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit may have a higher incidence of developing secondary infections. These infections can further deteriorate the hospital course and increase mortality. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the incidence, associated risk factors, outcomes, and pathogens associated with secondary bacterial infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods All adult COVID-19 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit requiring mechanical ventilation from 1st October 2020 until 31st December 2021 were screened for inclusion in the study. A total of 86 patients were screened, and 65 who met the inclusion criteria were prospectively entered into a customized electronic database. The database was then retrospectively analyzed to investigate secondary bacterial infections. 41.54% acquired at least one of the studied secondary bacterial infections during their ICU stay.. Results The most common secondary infection (59.26%) seen was hospital-acquired pneumonia followed by acquired bacteremia of unknown origin (25.92%), and catheter-related sepsis (14.81%). Diabetes mellitus (P = < 0.001), cumulative dose of corticosteroids (P = 0.001), and older age (P = < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of secondary bacterial infection. The most commonly isolated pathogen in patients with secondary pneumonia was Acinetobacter baumannii. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism associated with a bloodstream infection or catheter-related sepsis. Conclusion Incidence of secondary bacterial/fungal infections was high in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and was associated with a longer duration of admission to the hospital and ICU and higher mortality. Age, a history of diabetes mellitus, and the administration of corticosteroids were associated with an increased risk of secondary bacterial infection.
Seeding Date and Rate, and Supplemental Light Effects on Onion Growth1
Authors: Whiteside William F. , Vandemark Joseph S. , Splittstoesser Walter E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Shoots and roots of onion (Allium cepa L. cv. Spanish Beauty) seeded at the early planting date, receiving supplemental light and seeded at the low planting rate produced more dry weight per plant at transplanting than any other treatment. Dry weight of tops and bulbs of these plants was greater than plants of other treatments after plants had been grown in the Field for 7 weeks. At bulb maturity, no significant differences occurred in air-dried bulb weight between seeding rate and planting date. Plants receiving supplemental light had significantly more weight at transplanting and produced significantly more weight per bulb at maturity than plants grown under incident light only.
Influence of Bulb Harvest Date and Temperature on Growth and Flowering of Lilium longiflorum1
Authors: Lin W. C. , Wilkins H. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lilium longiflorum Thunb. cv. Nellie White bulbs were shipped in 1969, 1970, and 1971 from the west coast to St. Paul by air freight from July to October at 15 day intervals. Bulbs were given 0 or 2 weeks of 10°C, 15.5°C or 21 °C followed by 0 or 6 weeks of 4.5°C. Two weeks exposure to 10°C enhanced shoot emergence and flowering of late-harvested non-cooled bulbs and enhanced flowering of cooled bulbs. Treatments of 15.5°C or 21°C had little influence on shoot emergence and flowering of non-cooled bulbs and delayed flowering of early harvested cooled bulbs. With time and with increased bulb growth the degree of dormancy (delay of emergence) decreased and degree of maturity (enhancement of early flowering by 4.5°) increased.
Pithy Brown Core Occurrence in ‘Bose’ Pears During Controlled Atmosphere Storage1
Authors: Blanpied G. D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Incidences of pithy brown core (PBC) of ‘Bose’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) held in controlled atmosphere storage were increased by delayed harvest, prolonged storage, high CO2, and by low O2 levels. At 2-3% O2, PBC was prevalent even when CO2 was maintained at 0.2% and below. PBC was not related to levels of CO2 in the flesh because pears tolerated high CO2 at high O2 concentrations.
Exogenous Gibberellins and Abscisic Acid Effects on Growth and Development of Lilium longiflorum1
Authors: Lin W. C. , Wilkins H. F. , Angell M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Dormancy of non-cooled Lilium longiflorum Thunb. cv. Ace bulbs was broken with GA3 (1000 ppm), while ABA (500 ppm) partially negated the effect of vernalization on dormancy breaking. Infusion of bulbs with GA3 or ABA had little effect on days to anthesis. Injections of GA3, GA4, or GA7 into shoots from non-cooled bulbs did not substitute for vernalization or affect days to anthesis. ABA injections into shoots from cooled bulbs partially negated the effect of vernalization and delayed anthesis. Injections of GA3 or GA7 into shoots from cooled bulbs decreased days to anthesis, while GA3, GA4 or GA7 increased plant height. ABA delayed anthesis and reduced stem elongation. The major effect of exogenous GA applications appears to stimulate bolting.
Physical and Chemical Properties of Media Composed of Milled Pine Bark and Sand1
Authors: Brown E. F. , Pokorny F. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Bulk density (BD) of potting media increased as the percentage of sand was increased in the medium. Because of the “fitting” together of particles, volume of medium mixtures was always less than the total volume of the separate components. Particle size distribution was determined most accurately on a volume basis and was used to identify the potting mixtures. The percentage of medium components (bark or sand) retained on any given sieve size could be determined from BD data. Percolation rate, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) declined as the percentage of sand was increased in the potting mixture. CEC was most accurately determined on a volume basis. Increasing the percentage of sand in the potting medium raised pH from 4.1 to 5.4.
Inheritance and Morphological Traits of a Double Recessive Dwarf in Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.1
Authors: Mohr H. C. , Sandhu M. S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
When 2 mutant dwarf watermelons were crossed, the F1 was of normal vine type, indicating that these genes for dwarfness were non-allelic. The F2 segregated 9:3:3:1, with the double recessive a plant form hitherto unreported. The designated genotype of this digenic recessive dwarf is dw1 dw1 dw2 dw2. It has much shorter internodes than either parent, the crown branching characteristic of 1 parent and the naked bud characteristic of the other, and it was later in maturity than either parent.
Breeding lines derived from double recessive plants show promise of horticultural value as cultivars for the home garden and intensive commercial culture with the possibility of a mechanized harvest.
Intermittent Warming of Peaches and Nectarines Stored in a Controlled Atmosphere or Air1
Authors: Anderson R. E. , Penney R. W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] and one nectarine [P. persica var. Nectarina (Ait.) Maxim.] cultivars were stored in a controlled atmosphere (CA) or air at 0°C for 9 weeks. At 3- or 6-weeks intervals fruits from certain of these storage atmospheres were shifted to air at 18.3°C for 2 days and then returned to CA or air at 0°C. Fruits stored in CA retained better quality and had lower respiration rates than those stored in air. Within a given storage atmosphere fruit quality was often even better and respiration (of CA stored fruit) usually was further reduced when the temperature had been raised to 18.3° for 2 days during the 0° storage. Skin browning frequently developed during ripening at 18.3°. This disorder and decay remain serious problems for successful long-term storage.
Tire Fabric Waste as Mulch for Fruit Trees
Authors: Teskey B. J. E. , Wilson K. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The fabric portion of used tires was evaluated and compared with hay as a mulching material for fruit trees. Results indicated that fabric and old hay produced similar effects on soil moisture, soil temperature, soil density and penetration, and weed and tree growth. The fabric in contrast with old hay was more attractive to mice and slowed spring bud break. Tire fabric does not contribute significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil, nor does it contain any toxic elements.
Reduced Translocation of Carbon and Nitrogen from Leaves with Symptoms of Pear Curl1
Authors: Catlin P. B. , Olsson E. A. , Beutel J. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
With normal pear leaves, soluble carbohydrates (sorbitol, sucrose, glucose, fructose) and starch were higher in green than in abscising, yellow senescent ones. Considerable accumulation of these components occurred in curl leaves which were about to abscise. Greatly reduced transport of photosynthetically fixed 14C from the leaves occurred in curl-affected trees. Normal leaves photosynthesized and exported C even when abscission was imminent as long as chlorophyll was present. Curl-affected leaves abscised earlier while considerable photosynthetic potential remained. As normal leaves approached senescence their N content decreased dramatically. Curl-affected leaves abscised when N levels were still high. Curl deprives the tree of potentially utilizable carbohydrate and N resources through inhibition of translocation and premature abscission. These effects of curl may explain reduced vigor and productivity as well as difficulties in establishing young trees. It is postulated that curl and decline are not solely graft union problems.
The Ozone Sensitivity of Petunia hybrida Vilm. as Related to Physiological Age1
Authors: Hanson George P. , Thorne Linda , Addis Daniel H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sets of 6 multiflora Petunia F1 hybrids representing 8 different age groups were simultaneously fumigated with 0.2 ppm ozone for 8 hours. The more sensitive hybrids acquired a marked ozone tolerance upon visible differentiation of a floral bud. The acquired tolerance was manifested several nodes beneath the lowest flowering node. The more tolerant hybrids developed a greater tolerance (greater percentage of nodes whose leaves exhibited no ozone injury) and acquired it prior to the visible differentiation of a floral bud. Also, the oldest uninjured leaves on tolerant hybrids had a significantly higher leaf plastochron index than did the oldest uninjured leaves of the sensitive hybrids, suggesting that the tolerant hybrids had some mechanism which protected leaves of an older physiological age.
Growth Retarding Activity of Foliar Applied Daminozide (SADH) in Relation to its Concentration in Three Species1
Authors: Sachs Roy M. , Mock Tom 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In Coprosma baueri Endl. low response to foliar sprays of 1% daminozide (SADH; succinic acid 2,2 dimethyl hydrazide) was accounted for, in part, by low levels of endogenous SADH in the terminal shoot tissues. The same exogenous application rates to Xylosma congestum (Lour.) Merr. and Pyracantha coccinea Roem. caused greater inhibition of stem elongation and higher endogenous levels of SADH. However, the most significant results of this study were that a negligible relationship existed between level of SADH in tissues of elongating branches and the inhibition of stem elongation. Elongation did not increase in stems of Xylosma, Coprosma and Pyracantha after 60 to 90 days even though endogenous SADH concentration decreased sharply in this interval. We concluded, therefore, that only a portion of the SADH found in tissues was active in inhibiting stem elongation. Multiple applications of SADH, made after pruning but before branch elongation had begun, caused greater inhibition of elongation than was expected on the basis of endogenous levels of SADH. This response suggested that exogenous applications reached sites in axillary buds critical for inhibition of elongation more readily than endogenous SADH translocated from older leaves. The implications of these findings for interpreting comparative activity studies among analogs of growth retardants and among species is discussed.
Interspecific Hybridization Among 6 Carica Species1
Authors: Mekako H. U. , Nakasone H. Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Interspecific hybridizations among 6 Carica species, including the edible papaya, produced 2 hybrids previously unreported: C. monoica Desf. × C. goudotiana (Tr. & PI.) Solms (A)R and C. parviflora (A. DC.) Solms. × C. goudotiana (A)R. Other crosses producing viable seeds were: C. monoica × C. cauliflora Jacq., its reciprocal; C. goudotiana (A, B) × C. monoica and C. cauliflora (A, B) × C. pennata Heilbron, Svensk.
Three reciprocal pollinations of the above crosses and 9 other pollinations produced fruits with under-developed seeds which were non-viable. Carica papaya L. (Line 26) pollinated with pollen of C. cauliflora (A), C. parviflora, C. monoica and C. goudotiana (A)R produced fruits with non-viable seeds. Three crosses, C. pennata × C. goutotiana (B), C, papaya (Line 5B) × C. pennata and C. goudotiana (A)R × C. cauliflora (A) produced parthenocarpic fruits (ovules completely undeveloped). Most cross pollinations which failed to set fruit were reciprocals of those which produced non-viable seed and parthenocarpic fruits. Differences in compatibility and seed viability were shown by lines of C. cauliflora from El Salvador and Venezuela and by C. goudotiana from Colombia and Venezuela.
Four interspecific hybrids are described. Heterosis was shown in 2 hybrids for tree height, trunk circumference, and number and wt of fruits.
Only C. cauliflora and its hybrids did not show the usual visible reaction to a virus with symptoms resembling papaya mosaic and distortion ringspot. As the trees progressed in age, many died of root rot (associated with Phytophthora palmivora Butl. and Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitz.). Symptoms of this disease were not apparent in plants of C. cauliflora or its hybrids with C. monoica, although the latter species has been observed to be highly susceptible.
Effects of Maturity, Storage, and Ethylene on the Induction of Carotenoid Synthesis in Citrus Fruits by 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)-triethylamine (CPTA)1,2
Authors: Jahn Otto L. , Young Roger 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Early in the season, postharvest applications of 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)-triethylamine (CPTA) had little effect on carotenoid synthesis in ‘Bearss’ lemon (Citrus limon Burm. f.), ‘Robinson’ tangerine (C. reticulata Blanco × (C. paradisi Macf. × C. reticulata)), ‘Marsh’ grapefruit (C. paradisi Macf.), and ‘Hamlin’ orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. The responses increased as the fruit matured, but greater CPTA responses were induced by storage of the fruit at 16°C before treatment or by exposing treated fruit to ethylene. Observations suggested that cultivars with low natural carotenoid levels (lemon and grapefruit) are more responsive to CPTA applications than are those with higher levels (tangerine). Improved color of ‘Hamlin’ orange was obtained with CPTA applications made before or after a 3-day degreening treatment. This response did not appear to be prevented by waxing. However, the practical use of CPTA to improve the color of oranges appears limited, although it may be useful in research on carotenoid synthesis.
Phenolic Content During Healing of ‘Valencia’ Orange Peel Under High Humidity1
Authors: Ismail M. A. , Brown G. Eldon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Free phenolic constituents increase more than 2-fold in injured peel of oranges (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) cv. Valencia after 48 hr at 30°C and 96 to 98% relative humidity (rh). Concomitantly, conjugated phenolic compounds decrease to near depletion as a heavily lignified layer forms on injured cells. At 5°C all wound healing processes slow down. Infection of injured tissue by Penicillium digitatum Sacc. at 27°C inhibits lignin synthesis and the disappearance of conjugated phenolic compounds, but does not interfere with the usual increase in free phenolics. Mycelium of P. digitatum contributes little to the level of phenolic compounds of decayed fruit tissue. Extracts of free phenolic substances from healed tissue d) not exhibit fungistatic activity on P. digitatum spores, Lignin formation provides a mechanical barrier which retards or inhibits penetration of injured tissue by P. digitatum.
Hormonal Control of Flower Bud Dormancy in Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). I. Identification of Abscisic Acid1
Authors: Mielke E. A. , Dennis F. G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We demonstrated the presence of inhibitory substances in both the free and base-hydrolyzable fractions of methanol extracts of sour cherry buds. One of these, occurring in both fractions, we identified as abscisic acid (ABA) by combined gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The base hydrolyzable form of ABA was assumed to be the l’-glucose ester.
Yield, Fruit Quality, Growth, and Leaf Nutrient Levels of 14-Year-Old Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macf., Trees on 21 Rootstocks1
Authors: Wutscher Heinz K. , Shull A. V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nucellar red grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macf., on ‘Swingle’ citrumelo, Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. × C. paradisi, rootstock produced more fruit than trees on 20 other rootstocks over 9 years during the period when the trees were 6 to 14 years old. Fruit quality on ‘Swingle’ citrumelo was the same as on ‘Texas’ sour orange, C. aurantium L. Leaf analysis for 12 elements showed significant differences among rootstocks in the concentration of 7 elements, particularly a strong tendency of ‘Chinese box-orange’, Severinia buxifolia (Poir.) Ten., to accumulate Mn and of ‘Limon Real’, C. excelsa Wester, to accumulate Na.
Spinach Quality Attributes and Nitrate-Nitrite Levels As Related to Processing and Storage1
Authors: Sistrunk W. A. , Cash J. N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Two cultivars of spinach, blanched at 4 temperatures and for 4 lengths of time, were canned and analyzed during a 15-month storage period. ‘Bounty’, a savoyed-leaf type, had better color and texture than ‘Viroflay’, a smooth-leaf type, but was higher in oxalates, nitrate-N and nitrite-N. A blanch time of 12 minutes produced better color than a 4-minute blanch time. However, longer blanching leached out more solutes including total N, oxalates, nitrate-N and nitrite-N. Color, texture, total N, oxalates nitrate-N, and nitrite-N decreased as temperature of blanch increased from 71 to 89°C. During storage, canned spinach lost greenness and became darker as measured by the Hunter ‘a’ and ‘L’ respectively. However, the improved color from the 71 and 77°C blanch did not disappear during storage. There was a decrease in nitrate-N but an increase in nitrite-N during 15 months storage, especially in ‘Viroflay’.
Control of Ripening in ‘McIntosh’ Apples I. Some Growth Regulator Effects on Preharvest Drop and Fruit Quality at Four Harvest Dates1,2
Authors: Looney Norman E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ethephon (600 ppm applied 3 weeks or 300 ppm applied 1 week ahead of “normal” harvest) combined with either NAA or 10 or 20 ppm 2,4,5-TP increased red color and decreased firmness of fruits harvested 6 or 12 days after each treatment. In neither series did NAA or 2,4,5-TP control drop adequately.
A midsummer treatment with 1000 or 2000 ppm succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) modified these results by enhancing color and firmness and greatly reducing fruit drop relative to fruits treated solely with ethephon-auxin.