bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of burnout in female nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Luceño‐Moreno Lourdes , Talavera‐Velasco Beatriz , Martín‐García Jesús 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the predictors of burnout in female nurses during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. It also sought to evaluate the relationship between each of the variables studied (anxiety, depression, sociodemographic and COVID‐19 variables) and the dimensions of the burnout.BackgroundOne of the groups of health care workers worst affected by the COVID‐19 crisis has been women working as nursing staff, due to the high percentage they account for at a global level and their direct contact with infected patients.DesignThis was a cross‐sectional, quantitative study.MethodsFour hundred forty‐four Spanish female nurses from hospital and primary health care centres took part in the study. The data were obtained in 2020 by means of an online survey.ResultsSymptoms of depression are a common predictor variable to all the dimensions of burnout, whereas symptoms of anxiety predict emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Age and years of experience in the job predict depersonalization, whereas the probability of contracting the infection is a predictor variable of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment.ConclusionPredictor variables should be considered in the creation of prevention and intervention plans to reduce the levels of burnout in female nurses.
Neutrophil modulation of behavior and cognition in health and disease: The unexplored role of an innate immune cell
Authors: Coulibaly Aminata P. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryBehavior and cognition are multifaceted processes influenced by genetics, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal connectivity. Recent reports have demonstrated that peripheral inflammation and peripheral immune cells play important roles in the preservation and deterioration of behavior/cognition under various conditions. Indeed, several studies show that the activity of peripheral immune cells can be critical for normal cognitive function. Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in the mammalian system. Their activation is critical to the initiation of the inflammatory process and critical for wound healing. Neutrophils are the first cells to be activated and recruited to the central nervous system in both injury and disease. However, our understanding of the role these cells play in behavior and cognition is limited. The present review will summarize what is currently known about the effect the activation of these cells has on various behaviors and cognitive processes.
Electric‐field assisted ultrafast synthesis of Ti3SiC2 MAX phase
Authors: Kiran N Usha , Choudhary Bishnu , Trivedi Ravi , Chakraborty Brahmananda , Chatterjee Sriparna , Besra Laxmidhar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA galaxy of new two‐dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) have outperformed other 2D nanomaterials in numerous promising applications due to their extraordinary properties. However, the synthesis of MAX phase is pertinent as it is the only precursor for the development of 2D MXenes. As many conventional MAX phase synthesis procedures are complex, time‐ and power consuming, we have introduced a novel electric‐field‐assisted flash sintering technique for a rapid synthesis of Ti3SiC2 MAX phase in both air and vacuum, facilitated by Joule heating effect. The flashing event was observed with an uncontrollable rise in current flow (∼255 mA/mm2) on the application of voltage in a range of 35–42 V/cm. Experimental outcome predicted that Ti3SiC2 MAX phase was synthesized by applying an electric field. Here we support the experimental findings through computational approach by using density functional theory calculations. We also report the synthesis of 2D Ti3C2TX MXene from flash‐synthesized Ti3SiC2 MAX phase. The scientific innovation discussed here could be a breakthrough in the rapid synthesis of different MAX phases with great potential for implementation in industrial scale.
Correlation between metabolites of lactic acid bacteria isolated from dairy traditional fermented Tunisian products and antifungal and antioxidant activities
Authors: Farhat Leila Ben , Aissaoui Neyssene , Torrijos Raquel , Luz Carlos , Meca Giuseppe , Abidi Ferid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
The objective of this study is to identify and investigate the antifungal and antioxidant potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditional fermented products.

Methods and results
In this work, a collection of LAB was isolated from traditional fermented products collected in four Tunisian regions. After first screening using the overlay method, seven bacterial strains were retained due to their high antifungal effect. Four strains of Limosilactobacillus fermentum were identified, one strain of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, one strain of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and one strain of Enterococcus faecium. The antifungal and the antioxidant potential of these bacteria were then evaluated. Bacterial strains were effective against six fungal strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 mg/ml and minimum fungicidal concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 mg/ml. Cell-free supernatants of LAB were analysed by HPLC-DAD and LC–MS-qTOF-MS analysis. Results showed significant production of organic acids as well as several phenolic compounds. Correlation analysis confirmed that PLA and 1,2-dihydroxybenzene were positively correlated with antifungal potential. The results of the antioxidant activity highlighted an ABTS radical cation scavenging activity ranging from 49% to 57% and a DPPH trapping percentage ranging from 80% to 97%.

Conclusions
Therefore, due to these characteristics, identified lactic acid bacteria strains have shown their effectiveness to perform as antifungal and antioxidant agents.

Significance and impact of the study
Since microbial contamination is at the root of extensive losses in the food sector, the identified strains or their metabolites can potentially be used as additives to limit micro-organism spoilage in food products and increase their shelf life.
Establishing electroporation thresholds for targeted cell specific cardiac ablation in a 2D culture model
Authors: Avazzadeh Sahar , Dehkordi Mahshid H. , Owens Peter , Jalali Amirhossein , O'Brien Barry , Coffey Ken , O'Halloran Martin , Fernhead Howard O. , Keane David , Quinlan Leo. R 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIrreversible electroporation has emerged as a new modality to overcome issues associated with other energy sources for cardiac ablation. Strong evidence on the optimal, effective, and selective voltage threshold is lacking for both in vitro and preclinical in vivo studies. The aim of this study is to examine the optimal threshold for selective cell ablation on cardiac associated cell types.MethodsConventional monophasic and biphasic pulses of different field strength were delivered in a monolayer culture system of cardiomyocytes, neurons, and adipocytes. The dynamics of cell death mechanisms were examined at different time points.ResultsNeurons exhibit higher susceptibility to electroporation and cell death at higher field strength of 1250 V/cm in comparison to cardiomyocytes. Cardiac adipocytes showed lower susceptibility to electroporation in comparison to other cell types. A significant proportion of cardiomyocytes recovered after 24 h postelectroporation, while neuronal cell death remained consistent but with a significant delayed cell death at a higher voltage threshold. Caspase 3/7 activity was observed in both cardiomyocytes and neurons, with a higher level of activity in cardiomyocytes in response to electroporation. Biphasic and monophasic pulses showed no significant difference in both cell types, and significantly lower cell death in neurons when inter pulse interval was reduced.ConclusionsThis study presents important findings on the differences in the susceptibility of neurons and cardiomyocytes to irreversible electroporation. Cell type alone yielded selective and different dynamics in terms of the evolution and signaling mechanism of cell death in response to electroporation.
Clinical outcomes and associated factors in the treatment of peri‐implant mucositis, combining mechanical debridement and prosthesis modification: A 30‐month follow‐up prospective case series
Authors: de Tapia Beatriz , Bonnin Maria , Valles Cristina , Mozas Carla , Herrera David , Sanz Mariano , Nart José 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the clinical outcome and the associated factors of a treatment protocol for peri‐implant mucositis.Materials and MethodsPatients were evaluated 30 months after a treatment protocol including professional mechanical debridement and modification of the prosthesis contours to improve access for biofilm control. Clinical performance was assessed by means of probing with an electronic pressure‐calibrated periodontal probe. The possible impact of implant‐ and patient‐level factors on the changes in peri‐implant mucosal inflammation measured with the modified bleeding index (mBI) was evaluated.ResultsTwenty patients and 61 implants were included in the analysis. At the final visit, 50% of the patients presented bleeding on probing, with a mean mBI of 0.22 (SD 0.27). The adjusted linear regression model showed a significant association between patient's compliance with supportive care visits (p = .006) and mucosal inflammation. Similarly, at the implant level, modified plaque index (p < .001) and an irregular use of interdental brushes (p = .017) had a significant impact on final mBI.ConclusionsProsthesis modification when needed in association with non‐surgical treatment may be an important intervention in the treatment of peri‐implant mucositis. Compliance with supportive care visits and the regular use of inter‐dental brushes were identified as important factors to achieve mucosal inflammation control.
Automatic measurement of acidity from roasted coffee beans images using efficient deep learning
Authors: Sajjacholapunt Petch , Supratak Akara , Tuarob Suppawong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSourness is one of the basic yet essential tastes of coffee that is chemically composed of acids and quantitatively represented in the pH scale. Current tools for measuring the acidity level in roasted coffee beans, including traditional methods, require brewing sample coffee and probing the chemical components, limiting the applicability to end customers seeking to estimate the acidity level before choosing the right coffee beans to purchase. This paper proposes a novel approach to directly estimate the acidity levels from roasted coffee beans images by framing the problem into an image classification task, where a picture of roasted coffee beans is categorized into its appropriate pH range. As a result, end customers could simply estimate coffee beans' acidity levels by taking photos with conventional cameras. Multiple traditional machine learning and deep learning algorithms are validated for their ability to predict the correct acidity levels. The experiment results reveal that EfficientNet yields the best performance with an average F1 of 0.71 when trained with images from separate portable devices.Practical ApplicationsThe research's findings could also be extended to applications in the coffee‐industrial settings, such as automatically monitoring roasted coffee beans' quality from image and video streams. For end customers, the trade‐off between efficacy and efficiency of the EfficientNet algorithm is also investigated, which sheds light on the implementation aspects of state‐of‐the‐art deep learning models in portable devices such as smartphones or cameras. Such applications could prove to be a cost‐effective and convenient solution for customers to quickly measure roasted coffee beans' sourness before deciding to purchase.
Fingerstick glucose monitoring by cognitive impairment status in Veterans Affairs nursing home residents with diabetes
Authors: Nguyen Brian , Deardorff William James , Shi Ying , Jing Bocheng , Lee Alexandra K. , Lee Sei J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines recommend nursing home (NH) residents with cognitive impairment receive less intensive glycemic treatment and less frequent fingerstick monitoring. Our objective was to determine whether current practice aligns with guideline recommendations by examining fingerstick frequency in Veterans Affairs (VA) NH residents with diabetes across cognitive impairment levels.MethodsWe identified VA NH residents with diabetes aged ≥65 residing in VA NHs for >30 days between 2016 and 2019. Residents were grouped by cognitive impairment status based on the Cognitive Function Scale: cognitively intact, mild impairment, moderate impairment, and severe impairment. We also categorized residents into mutually exclusive glucose‐lowering medication (GLM) categories: (1) no GLMs, (2) metformin only, (3) sulfonylureas/other GLMs (+/− metformin but no insulin), (4) long‐acting insulin (+/− oral/other GLMs but no short‐acting insulin), and (5) any short‐acting insulin. Our outcome was mean daily fingersticks on day 31 of NH admission.ResultsAmong 13,637 NH residents, mean age was 75 years and mean hemoglobin A1c was 7.0%. The percentage of NH residents on short‐acting insulin varied by cognitive status from 22.7% in residents with severe cognitive impairment to 33.9% in residents who were cognitively intact. Mean daily fingersticks overall on day 31 was 1.50 (standard deviation = 1.73). There was a greater range in mean fingersticks across GLM categories compared to cognitive status. Fingersticks ranged widely across GLM categories from 0.39 per day (no GLMs) to 3.08 (short‐acting insulin), while fingersticks ranged slightly across levels of cognitive impairment from 1.11 (severe cognitive impairment) to 1.59 (cognitively intact).ConclusionNH residents receive frequent fingersticks regardless of level of cognitive impairment, suggesting that cognitive status is a minor consideration in monitoring decisions. Future studies should determine whether decreasing fingersticks in NH residents with moderate/severe cognitive impairment can reduce burdens without compromising safety.
Examining dietitians' knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding working with older adults in residential aged care facilities and home care services: An integrative review
Authors: Bartrim Karly , Moyle Wendy , Rigby Roshan , Ball Lauren 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Australian 2021 Royal Commission identified that the dietetic workforce needs to grow in size and capacity to support nutrition care in older adults. However, little is known about dietitians' knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSA) regarding working with older adults in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) or their homes. This review describes dietitians' KSA regarding older adults in RACFs and home care services.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in August 2021 to identify studies examining any aspect of dietitians or student dietitians' KSA working in RACFs and home care services. No restrictions were applied to methodological design, language, location or publication year. Studies were assessed for quality using the Johanna Briggs Institute Quality Appraisal Tools. Study findings were analysed thematically using meta‐synthesis.ResultsAll 17 studies that met the inclusion criteria explored dietitians' attitudes towards their role, three studies examined perceived knowledge, although no studies objectively explored dietitians' skill levels. Five themes were developed inductively: (1) recognising their contribution as dietitians; (2) lacking clarity about the boundaries of their role; (3) all team members have a role to play in nutrition care; (4) assumptions and biases about working with older people; and (5) needing to build capacity in the workforce.DiscussionDietitians have mixed attitudes about working in RACFs and home care services. Future directions include evaluating dietitians' role in RACFs, reviewing education and training and practical opportunities for student dietitians, and assessing the impact of more dietitian support on an older person's dietary intake and nutrition.
Effects of Humanitude care on people with dementia and caregivers: A scoping review
Authors: Giang Thuy‐Anh , Koh Jonathan Ern Juan , Cheng Ling‐Jie , Tang Qian‐Ci , Chua Min‐Jia , Liew Tau‐Ming , Wee Shiou‐Liang , Yap Philip Lin Kiat 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThis study aimed to comprehensively review the research literature to provide an overview of the effects of Humanitude on people with dementia and their caregivers.BackgroundHumanitude is a relationship‐centred and compassionate care approach that focuses on improving the communication between people with dementia and their caregivers. There is a lack of updated and comprehensive synthesis on the evidence of the effects of Humanitude in dementia care.Design and MethodsThis paper adopted the scoping review framework by Arksey and O'Malley. We searched through the following databases: Pubmed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, ProQuest, Scopus and Web of Science from its inception to 3 September 2021. Three investigators independently screened the titles and abstracts and assessed the full‐text articles for eligibility. The PRISMA‐ScR checklist was included in this scoping review.ResultsWe retrieved 1317 articles from databases and grey sources. Eleven studies were included after the screening. The synthesised results suggest that Humanitude can reduce agitation and psychological symptoms and improve the general well‐being of people with dementia. Humanitude also has positive effects in improving care communication, empathy, job satisfaction and reducing burnout among caregivers.ConclusionHumanitude shows the potential for positive effects on people with dementia and their caregivers. However, most studies did not include a comparator group and could not provide rigorous findings as compared to randomised controlled trials. There is a need for randomised controlled studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of Humanitude on people with dementia and their caregivers.Relevance for Clinical PracticeThis paper reviewed the literature on all types of publications that examine the use of Humanitude in people with dementia and their caregivers. Thus, it provided an up‐to‐date overview of the effects of Humanitude to inform clinical practice.
Antifungal use via outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy
Authors: Chew Su M. , Heath Christopher H. , Petursson Cecilia , Boan Peter A. , Robinson James Owen , Italiano Claire M. , Dyer John R. , Manning Laurens , Ingram Paul R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntifungal administration via outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is infrequent. As patients with invasive fungal infections (IFIs) receiving OPAT are at high risk of readmissions, careful, risk‐based patient selection and monitoring is important.ObjectivesTo describe our experience managing IFIs via OPAT, including assessment of risk factors associated with unplanned readmissions.Patients and MethodsA retrospective cohort study of outpatients from two tertiary hospitals in Western Australia managed with parenteral antifungals for the treatment of IFIs from 2012 to 2020. Outcomes assessed were unplanned OPAT‐related readmissions; adverse events and achievement of treatment aim at the completion of OPAT.ResultsForty‐six patients were included, encompassing 696 OPAT days. Twenty‐three (50%) patients received intravenous (IV) liposomal amphotericin B (L‐AmB), 23 (50%) received IV echinocandins and one (2%) patient received IV fluconazole. One patient received both IV L‐AmB and an echinocandin. Unplanned OPAT‐related readmissions occurred in 13 (28%) patients and any adverse event occurred in 19 (41%), most commonly nephrotoxicity amongst patients receiving L‐AmB. On univariate analysis, unplanned OPAT‐related readmissions were more common in Mucorales infection, L‐AmB doses of ≥5 mg/kg and otorhinolaryngologic (ENT) infections. At the completion of OPAT, attainment of treatment aims occurred in 28 (61%) patients.ConclusionsPatients receiving parenteral antifungals via OPAT experience high rates of unplanned readmissions and adverse events. Risk factor identification may facilitate optimal patient selection and establishment of treatment aims.
Comparison of Single‐Radius with Multiple‐Radius Femur in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta‐Analysis of Prospective Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lei Ting , Jiang Zichao , Qian Hu , Backstein David , Lei Pengfei , Hu Yihe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhether there was clinical superiority for the single‐radius prosthesis over the multi‐radius prothesis in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) still remains to be clarified. We updated a meta‐analysis including prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the clinical prognosis of patients receiving single‐radius TKA (SR‐TKA) or multi‐radius TKA (MR‐TKA).MethodsWe searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE for eligible RCTs. Two reviewers evaluated the study quality according to the Risk of Bias tool of the Cochrane Library and extracted the data in studies individually. The extracted data included the baseline data and clinical outcome. The baseline data include the author's name, country, and year of included studies, the name of knee prosthesis used in studies, sample size, follow‐up time, and BMI of patients. The clinical data comprised primary indicators including postoperative knee range of motion (ROM), sit‐to‐stand rest, severe postoperative scorings, such as visual analog scale (VAS), American Knee Society knee score (AKS), Oxford knee scoring (OKS), and SF‐36 Quality of Life Scale, as well as various secondary indicators of complications including anterior knee pain, postoperative infection, aseptic prosthesis loosening, and prosthesis revision. The data analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software and STATA 12.0. The sensitivity analysis was performed using STATA 12.0.ResultsA total of 13 RCTs, along with 1720 patients and 1726 knees, were finally included in our present meta‐analysis. We found that patients in SR‐TKA group performed better in the sit‐to‐stand test (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.05–3.41, p = 0.03) and satisfaction evaluation (OR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.42–7.53, p = 0.005), which were only evaluated in two included RCTs. While no significant difference was found between SR‐TKA and MR‐TKA groups in terms of postoperative ROM, VAS scoring, AKS scoring, SF‐36 scoring, OKS scoring, and various complications including anterior knee pain, postoperative infection, aseptic prosthesis loosening, and prosthesis revision.ConclusionIn conclusion, our present meta‐analysis indicated that SR implants were noninferior to MR implants in TKA, and SR implants could be an alternative choice over MR implants, since patients after SR‐TKA felt more satisfied and performed better in the sit‐to‐stand test, with no significant difference in complications between SR‐TKA and MR‐TKA groups. While more relevant clinical trials with long‐term follow‐up time and specific tests evaluating the function of knee extension mechanism should be carried out to further investigate the clinical performance of SR implants.