bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multicentric, prospective study on oral and maxillofacial trauma in the female population around the world
Authors: Romeo Irene , Sobrero Federica , Roccia Fabio , Dolan Sean , Laverick Sean , Carlaw Kirsten , Aquilina Peter , Bojino Alessandro , Ramieri Guglielmo , Duran‐Valles Francesc , Bescos Coro , Segura‐Pallerès Ignasi , Ganasouli Dimitra , Zanakis Stelios N. , de Oliveira Gorla Luis Fernando , Pereira‐Filho Valfrido Antonio , Gallafassi Daniel , Leonardo Perez Faverani , Alalawy Haider , Kamel Mohammed , Samieirad Sahand , Jaisani Mehul Raiesh , Rahman Sajjad Abdur , Rahman Tabishur , Aladelusi Timothy , Hassanein Ahmed Gaber , Goetzinger Maximilian , Bottini Gian Battista 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground/AimsApproximately 20% of patients with maxillofacial trauma are women, but few articles have analysed this. The aim of this multicentric, prospective, epidemiological study was to analyse the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures in the female population managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery departments on five continents over a 1‐year period.MethodsThe following data were collected: age (0–18, 19–64, or ≥65 years), cause and mechanism of the maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score, associated injury, day of trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalization.ResultsBetween 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 562 of 2387 patients hospitalized with maxillofacial trauma were females (24%; M: F ratio, 3.2:1) aged between 1 and 96 years (median age, 37 years). Most fractures occurred in patients aged 20–39 years. The main causes were falls (43% [median age, 60.5 years]), which were more common in Australian, European and American units (p < .001). They were followed by road traffic accidents (35% [median age, 29.5 years]). Assaults (15% [median age, 31.5 years]) were statistically associated with alcohol and/or drug abuse (p < .001). Of all patients, 39% underwent open reduction and internal fixation, 36% did not receive surgical treatment, and 25% underwent closed reduction.ConclusionFalls were the main cause of maxillofacial injury in the female population in countries with ageing populations, while road traffic accidents were the main cause in African and some Asian centres, especially in patients ≤65 years. Assaults remain a significant cause of trauma, primarily in patients aged 19–64 years, and they are related to alcohol use.
Psychological and contextual risk factors for first‐onset depression among adolescents and young people around the globe: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pedersen Gloria A. , Lam Crystal , Hoffmann Megan , Zajkowska Zuzanna , Walsh Annabel , Kieling Christian , Mondelli Valeria , Fisher Helen L. , Gautam Kamal , Kohrt Brandon A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimIdentifying predictors for future onset of depression is crucial to effectively developing preventive interventions. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to identify risk factors for first‐onset depression among adolescents and young people.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO, Cochrane Database, Web of Science, Lilacs, African Journals Online and Global Health (July 2009 to December 2020) for longitudinal studies assessing risk factors for first‐onset depression among adolescents and young people aged 10–25 years. Meta‐analyses generated summary odds ratio (OR) estimates. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018103973.ResultsNineteen studies representing 21 unique populations were included in the meta‐analysis. Among studies reporting race/ethnicity, 79% of participants were of White/European descent. Seventeen studies were from high‐income countries, with only two from an upper‐middle‐income country (China). Odds for first‐onset depression were significantly greater for girls compared to boys (n = 13; OR = 1.78 [1.78, 2.28], p < 0.001) and for youth with other mental health problems at baseline (n = 4; OR = 3.20 [1.95, 5.23], p < 0.001). There were non‐significant associations for negative family environment (n = 8; OR = 1.60 [0.82, 3.10], p = 0.16) and parental depression (n = 3; OR = 2.30 [0.73, 7.24], p = 0.16).ConclusionsMost longitudinal studies do not report risk factors specifically for first‐onset depression. Moreover, predictive data are limited to predominantly White populations in high‐income countries. Future research must be more ethnically and geographically representative. Recommendations are provided for consistent and comprehensive reporting of study designs and analyses of risk factors for first‐onset depression.
Temporal fluctuations in vigilance and neural networks after sleep deprivation
Authors: Mai Zifeng , Li Mingzhu , Pan Leyao , Ma Ning 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVigilance instability in the sleep‐deprived state was deemed to result from the imbalance in thalamic‐FPN‐DMN circuits (FPN: frontoparietal network; DMN: default mode network), but the behavioural correlation of this neural hypothesis is still unclear. To address this issue, we applied dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) analysis on the task‐based fMRI data and detected high arousal state (HAS) and low arousal state (LAS). Relative to HAS, LAS demonstrated higher positive connectivity within task‐positive networks (TPN), attenuated TPN‐DMN anti‐correlation, and greater anti‐correlation between cerebral and subcortico‐cerebellar networks. Critically, DFC differences between HAS and LAS were correlated with the ongoing vigilance performance in the sleep‐deprived state. The current findings confirmed a direct link between vigilance instability and DFC in the thalamic‐FPN‐DMN circuits. In particular, we postulated that the integration within task‐related system and segregation between task‐related system and the subcortico‐cerebellar system might be the critical neural markers underlying vigilance instability in the sleep‐deprived state.
Exploration of salient risk factors involved in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Samson Alexandria D. , Shen Kelly , Grady Cheryl L. , McIntosh Anthony R. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2022

AbstractMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prevalent and complex condition among older adults that often progresses into Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although MCI affects individuals differently, there are specific indicators of risk commonly associated with the development of MCI. The present study explored the prevalence of seven established MCI risk categories within a large sample of older adults with and without MCI. We explored trends across the different diagnostic groups and extracted the most salient risk factors related to MCI using partial least squares. Neuropsychological risk categories showed the largest differences across groups, with the cognitively unimpaired groups outperforming the MCI groups on all measures. Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) carriers were significantly more common among the more severe MCI group, whereas ApoE4 non‐carriers were more common in the healthy controls. Participants with subjective and objective cognitive impairment were trending towards AD‐like cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) biomarker levels. Increased age, being male and having fewer years of education were identified as important risk factors of MCI. Higher CSF tau levels were correlated with ApoE4 carrier status, age and a decrease in the ability to carry out daily activities across all diagnostic groups. Amyloid beta1–42 CSF concentration was positively correlated with cognitive and memory performance and non‐ApoE4 carrier status regardless of diagnostic status. Unlike previous research, poor cardiovascular health or being female had no relation to MCI. Altogether, the results highlighted risk factors that were specific to persons with MCI, findings that will inform future research in healthy aging, MCI and AD.
How to avoid a lack of work engagement among public police professionals
Authors: López‐Cabarcos M. Ángeles , López‐Carballeira Analía , Ferro‐Soto Carlos 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the combined effect of five conditions—influence at work, interactional justice, workload, laissez‐faire leadership, and emotional exhaustion—on the absence of work engagement in public police professionals. Using qualitative comparative analysis on a sample of 119 police professionals, the results show that none of the conditions on their own is necessary to lead to the absence of these professionals' work engagement. In addition, five casual configurations allow for the conclusion that influence at work, interactional justice, emotional exhaustion, and laissez‐faire leadership are key conditions, while workload is less decisive in leading to the absence of work engagement in police professionals. The results inform managers of public police institutions on what variables can further contribute to creating workspaces in which learning, professional development, and positive experiences prevail among employees. This study is especially valuable to police professionals because the very nature of their work leads to engagement in acquiring a very powerful meaning.
Constructing a big history of inequality
Authors: O’Sullivan Mary 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn Capital and Ideology, Thomas Piketty takes a highly structured approach to the history of inequality in human societies. Much depends on this approach, notably the book's temporal and geographical ambitions and its bold and provocative claims, but by exploring how Piketty constructs his ‘big history’ of inequality regimes we can see there is loss as well as gain. Focussing on the history of early modern Europe, which features prominently in Piketty's book, I suggest that our grasp of movement and, relatedly, of change and continuity in inequality regimes, suffers in his account. There is ample scope, therefore, for historians to enhance our understanding of the history of the ideologies and institutions from which Piketty's inequality regimes are constituted. Enriching the historical study of inequality regimes that Piketty proposes in Capital and Ideology might be seen as a polite form of interdisciplinary exchange but I suggest that a more 'muscular' interdisciplinary engagement around his book may be more promising still. Especially interesting in this regard would be efforts to both challenge the explanatory analysis that Piketty develops in Capital and Ideology and to develop microscopic analyses of inequality alongside the macroscopic approach that Piketty employs.
De novo genome assembly of Bradysia cellarum (Diptera: Sciaridae), a notorious pest in traditional special vegetables in China
Authors: Li Mengyao , Yang Xiaofan , Fan Fan , Ge Yafei , Hong Dawei , Wang Zhongyan , Lu Chenyan , Chen Suyi , Wei Guoshu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBradysia cellarum (Diptera: Sciaridae) is a destructive vegetable insect pest infesting more than 30 species of host plants from seven families in Asia and Europe. B. cellarum causes grave problems in Chinese chive, which originated in China and is cultivated widely in East Asia. The B. cellarum infestation results in economic losses and subsequent severe food safety problems in farm productions, insecticide resistance and environmental pollution. The genomic and molecular information of B. cellarum to delineate the biological features, insecticide resistance, evolution remains poorly understood. Herein, we decode the whole genome of B. cellarum to delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms causing insecticide resistance. We constructed a highly reliable genome for B. cellarum using PacBio, Illumina and 10X Genomics sequencing platforms. The genome size of B. cellarum was 375.91 Mb with a contig N50 of 1.57 Mb. A total of 16,231 genes were identified, among which 93.8% were functionally annotated, and 42.06% were repeat sequences. According to phylogenetic analysis, B. cellarum diverged from the common ancestor of Drosophila melanogaster and Musca domestica ~139.3–191.0 million years ago. Moreover, some important genes responsible for significant insecticide resistance, such as cytochrome P450s, ABC transporters and those involved in glutathione metabolism, were expanded in B. cellarum. We assembled a high‐quality B. cellarum genome to provide valuable insights into their life history strategies, insecticide resistance and biological behaviours. It also lays the foundation for exploring gene structure and functional evolution, as well as comparative genomics of B. cellarum and other model insect species.
Controlled‐release oral melatonin supplementation for hypertension and nocturnal hypertension: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lee Eric Kam‐Pui , Poon Paul , Yu Chun‐Pong , Lee Vivian Wing‐Yan , Chung Vincent Chi‐Ho , Wong Samuel Yeung‐Shan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOral melatonin is a potential alternative treatment for hypertension and nocturnal hypertension. However, high‐quality and relevant meta‐analyses are lacking. This meta‐analysis aimed to investigate whether oral melatonin supplementation reduces daytime/asleep blood pressure and cardiovascular risk, improves sleep quality, and is well‐tolerated compared with placebo. Relevant articles were searched in multiple databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete, and the Cochrane Library, from their inception to June 2021. The included studies were randomized controlled trials recruiting patients with hypertension, using oral melatonin as the sole intervention, and investigating its effect on blood pressure. The mean out‐of‐office (including 24‐h, daytime, and asleep) systolic and diastolic blood pressures, sleep quality, and side effects were compared between the melatonin and placebo arms using pairwise random‐effect meta‐analyses. A risk of bias assessment was performed using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool. Four studies were included in the analysis and only one study was considered to have a low risk of bias. No study reported on cardiovascular risk or outcomes. Only controlled‐release melatonin (not an immediate‐release preparation) reduced asleep systolic blood pressure by 3.57 mm Hg (95% confidence interval: –7.88 to .73; I2 = 0%). It also reduced asleep and awake diastolic blood pressure, but these differences were not statistically significant. Melatonin improves sleep efficacy and total sleep time and is safe and well‐tolerated. Due to the limited number of high‐quality trials, the quality of evidence was low to very low. Therefore, adequately powered randomized controlled trials on melatonin are warranted.
Up‐regulated SAMD9L modulated by TLR2 and HIF‐1α as a promising biomarker in tuberculosis
Authors: Zhang Xiang‐juan , Xu Hai‐shan , Li Chong‐hui , Fu Yu‐rong , Yi Zheng‐jun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify potential biomarkers of TB in blood and determine their function in Mtb‐infected macrophages. First of all, WGCNA was used to analyse 9451 genes with significant changes in TB patients’ whole blood. The 220 interferon‐γ‐related genes were identified, and then 30 key genes were screened using Cytoscape. Then, the AUC values of key genes were calculated to further narrow the gene range. Finally, we identified 9 genes from GSE19444. ROC analysis showed that SAMD9L, among 9 genes, had a high diagnostic value (AUC = 0.925) and a differential diagnostic value (AUC>0.865). To further narrow down the range of DEGs, the top 10 hub‐connecting genes were screened from monocytes (GSE19443). Finally, we obtained 4 genes (SAMD9L, GBP1, GBP5 and STAT1) by intersections of genes from monocytes and whole blood. Among them, it was found that the function of SAMD9L was unknown after data review, so this paper studied this gene. Our results showed that SAMD9L is up‐regulated and suppresses cell necrosis, and might be regulated by TLR2 and HIF‐1α during Mtb infection. In addition, miR‐181b‐5p is significantly up‐regulated in the peripheral blood plasma of tuberculosis patients, which has a high diagnostic value (AUC = 0.969).
Alkaline hydrolyzed torula yeast as an attractant for Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Lasa Rodrigo , Williams Trevor 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAcid hydrolyzed proteins with borax and torula yeast pellets are attractants commonly used for monitoring the West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart). Alkaline hydrolysis of proteins has been poorly studied as a source of attractants for tephritids, despite it increasing the production of ammonia, a known attractant for A. obliqua and other tephritids. Laboratory experiments revealed a significantly greater response of flies to torula yeast alkalized with NaOH at pH 10.3, 11.3, 12.3 and 13.3 compared with torula yeast + borax at pH 9.15. Traps baited with alkalized torula yeast at pH 13.3 captured significantly higher numbers of flies than torula yeast at pH 10.3, 11.3 or 12.3. The emission of ammonia from these traps was positively correlated with pH. Anastrepha obliqua was less attracted to torula yeast at pH 13.3 when alkalized with KOH than with NaOH, although no significant differences were detected in the emission of ammonia. In mango orchards in Mexico, the mean number of A. obliqua flies per trap per day was higher for traps baited with torula yeast at pH 13.3 than for acid hydrolyzed protein + borax or torula yeast pellets containing borax. While ammonia emissions from torula yeast at pH 13.3 and acid hydrolyzed protein + borax were reduced after one week in the field, the ammonia emission of torula yeast pellets increased after one week to levels similar to those of the other attractants. Alkaline hydrolysis of torula yeast at pH 13.3 increased the release of ammonia, reduced the surface tension of the liquid and proved more effective at capturing A. obliqua flies in laboratory cages and mango orchards when compared with standard attractants. This preparation is simple, cheap and stable and could find application in monitoring programmes targeted at A. obliqua.
Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on drying kinetics and physio‐mechanical characteristics of peach slices
Authors: Akhoundzadeh Yamchi Abolfazl , Yeganeh Reza , Kouchakzadeh Ahmad 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPeach, which is one of the most critical garden products in Iran has a lot of postharvest lesions. In this sense, processing the product would result in reducing the postharvest lesions. Recently, ultrasound waves have been widely applied as a new pretreatment method in drying food. Herein, we aim at investigating the effect of high power ultrasound pretreatment on the drying kinetics of peach slices. The effective moisture penetration coefficient, color changes and elastic modulus were investigated. The drying process was modeled using mathematical equations. The results showed that the ultrasound use as a pretreatment before drying reduces the drying time by up to 40%. The ultrasound treatment effect and the duration of their application on the color changes of the samples are not significant, and the reason for the color change is due to maillard reactions. The results of the effect of ultrasound pretreatment on the elastic modulus due to loading in the compression test showed that the application of pretreatment on the deformation of the samples is significant and reduced the modulus of elasticity by about 46%. The midilli model in different pretreatments, as compared to other models, had the best fitting with the experimental data. Moreover, the amount of effective diffusivity coefficient in the dried samples of peach slices, in different pretreatments, varies from 1.345 × 10−9 to 5.370 × 10−10 m2 s−1. In addition, it is worth mentioning that ultrasound pretreatment can be regarded as a promising approach. As far as food and agricultural products have typical structure and composition, ultrasound pretreatment application requires more through research.Practical ApplicationsAs compared to the untreated peach slices, a significant enhancement was witnessed in the ultrasound (US)‐treated slices. Herein, a new method is proposed, which results in producing slices with an improved quality. Generally, peach‐slice processing has been applied to get high‐quality products.
Serial multiple mediators in the relationship between symptom burden and sleep quality among patients with heart failure
Authors: He Dengxin , Pan Minghao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSleep disturbance is common in patients with heart failure. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of sleep disturbance in patients with heart failure, and to examine the serial multiple mediation effects of psychological distress and sleep hygiene practices on the relationship between symptom burden and sleep quality.MethodsWe recruited eligible heart failure patients in a large, university‐affiliated hospital in Shandong Province, China, from November 2018 to June 2019. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Sleep Hygiene Practice Scale were used to assess patients' sleep quality, symptom burden, psychological distress, and sleep hygiene practices. The mediation effects were analyzed using the PROCESS tool in SPSS.ResultsTwo hundred and thirty seven heart failure patients were included in the final analyses. Among these patients, 189 patients (67.1%) had a sleep disturbance (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of >5). Higher symptom burden, higher level of psychological distress, and poorer sleep hygiene practices were associated with patients' poorer sleep quality. The psychological distress and sleep hygiene practices had mediation effects on the relationship between symptom burden and sleep quality in patients with heart failure.ConclusionsPatients' symptom burden could affect their sleep quality through psychological distress and sleep hygiene practices besides a direct effect. Thus, psychological distress and sleep hygiene practices should be fully considered in the development of interventions to improve patients' sleep quality, apart from alleviating patients' symptom burden.
Overcoming the effect of pandemic fatigue on vaccine hesitancy—Will belief in science triumph?
Authors: Bodas Moran , Kaim Arielle , Velan Baruch , Ziv Arnona , Jaffe Eli , Adini Bruria 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeThe study aims to examine the factors that impact vaccination uptake and additional protective behavior during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Israel, whereas the “pandemic fatigue” phenomenon has been identified as a hurdle to adherence to protective health behaviors against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).DesignA cross‐sectional, structured questionnaire was utilized for this investigation in September 2021, during the fourth wave of the pandemic.MethodsA sample of the adult (18+) Israeli population was employed for the study. Recruiting participants for the study was conducted through an online internet panel company that consists of over 100,000 members, representing all geographic and demographic sectors of the Israeli population.ResultsOur findings indicate that pandemic fatigue has begun to have cascading effects on vaccination efforts. In particular, this study found that at this stage of the COVID‐19 pandemic, trust in authorities, and even threat perception components, such as concern and fear of contracting the disease, are incapable of predicting vaccination uptake. Instead, perception of the importance of the vaccine and its effectiveness are predictive of vaccination uptake.ConclusionThe findings indicate that at this stage of the pandemic, focusing on the robustness of the science behind the vaccine is more important than trying to regain public trust. The findings also suggest that risk communication employing fear tactics is losing its capacity to generate motivation for vaccination.Clinical RelevanceThe findings of this study reveal lessons learned from the COVID‐19 global pandemic. Specifically, the study reveals how in times of prolonged crisis, we can currently and, in the future, prepare improved strategies for public communication in order to promote uptake of protective health behavior, such as vaccination.