bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of nurse-led nonpharmacological multidisciplinary holistic nursing care on fatigue patients receiving hemodialysis: a randomized, parallel-group, controlled trial
Authors: Zuo Manhua , Zhu Wensheng , Lin Jinrong , Zhuo Jing , He Xirui , Jing Xinghui , Tang Jun , Deng Renli 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Fatigue is a symptom characterized by an elevated prevalence in patients undergoing hemodialysis, which may cause extreme mental and muscular debilitation, significantly influencing social interaction, life quality and well-being. However, the significance of fatigue to patients undergoing hemodialysis has not been recognized yet, and prevention and management of fatigue in this population have not been thoroughly investigated. Additionally, previous studies mainly focused on muscular fatigue, while mental fatigue has been seldom discussed. This study aims to investigate the interaction between nurses and multidisciplinary of nonpharmacological integrated care interventions (NICIs) and assess the impact of fatigue on patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods
The integrative nonpharmacological care interventions in this study included walking, motivational interviewing (MI) and health education regarding behavioral self-management. A single-center randomized controlled trial was conducted in the dialysis center of the nephrological department in a tertiary affiliated hospital of medical university from January to June 2019. A total of 118 patients were selected and randomly divided into the intervention group (IG) and the control group (CG). Four patients dropped out during the study, and 114 patients were enrolled for the eventual analysis. The 60 patients in the IG received routine nursing combined with integrated care interventions, while the 54 patients in the CG received routine nursing only. This study lasted for six months.

Results
The experimental group exhibited significant reductions of overall fatigue (2.26 vs. 0.48), mental fatigue (1.41 vs. 0.54), muscular fatigue (2.13 vs. 0.75), and some biochemical indicators (e.g., serum urea) (P<0.05), compared with the CG.

Conclusions
Nurses and multidisciplinary teams have been demonstrated to play a key role and interplay function in chronic disease management. Hence, the nurse-led multidisciplinary NICIs significantly alleviated total fatigue (muscular fatigue and mental fatigue) and improved other parameters.

Trial registration
ChiCTR-IOR-16008621 (March 18, 2016)
Knowledge and skills of pre-eclampsia management among healthcare providers working in antenatal clinics in Zanzibar
Authors: Seif Saada Ali , Rashid Salma Ali 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early detection and treatment of preeclampsia is lifesaving; however, evidence suggests that the majority of women in low and middle income-countries are not routinely screened for high blood pressure during antenatal care, that those with severe and mild pre-eclampsia are not monitored for blood pressure and proteinuria as needed, and the magnesium sulphate is not administered as needed. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess knowledge and skills in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia management and their associated factors among healthcare providers working in antenatal clinics in Zanzibar.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted in all levels of healthcare facilities in Zanzibar. The study involved 176 healthcare providers (nurses and doctors) who were randomly selected. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis whereby logistic regression models were employed. The Chi-square coefficient, odds ratio, and 95% confidence intervals were reported, and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
The mean age of healthcare providers was 35.94 (SD ± 7.83) years. The proportion of healthcare providers with adequate knowledge was 49.0%, and 47% had adequate skills. Knowledge level was predicted by working in higher healthcare facility levels (AOR: 3.28, 95% CI: 1.29–8.29), and having attended on-the-job training on pre-eclampsia (AOR: 7.8, 95% CI: 2.74 − 22.75). Skills were predicted by having attended on-job training (AOR: 8.6, 95% CI: 2.45 − 30.16), having working experience of five years or above in antenatal care units (AOR: 27.89, 95% CI: 5.28 − 148.89) and being a medical doctor or assistant medical doctor (AOR: 18.9, 95% CI: 2.1–166).

Conclusion
Approximately half of Zanzibar’s ANC healthcare workers demonstrated inadequate knowledge and skills in preeclampsia care, indicating a critical need for targeted interventions to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. Knowledge is predicted by attending on-the-job training and working in higher healthcare facility level, while skills is predicted by attending on job training, more years of working experience in antenatal care units and being a medical doctor or assistant medical doctor The study recommends the healthcare facility institutions to provide on-the-job training to for the healthcare providers working in lower healthcare facility levels.
Effects of garlic and lemon essential oils on performance, digestibility, plasma metabolite, and intestinal health in broilers under environmental heat stress
Authors: Elbaz Ahmed M. , Ashmawy Eman S. , Salama Atif A. , Abdel-Moneim Abdel-Moneim Eid , Badri Faisal B. , Thabet Hany A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Natural feed additives play an important role in poultry production due to their safety and potential properties as an antioxidant and antimicrobial, as well as a growth stimulant. The present research was designed to assess the influence of dietary supplementation of either garlic, lemon essential oil, or their mixture on performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma constituents, immunity, and oxidative status, as well as intestinal development assessed by microbiota—histomorphology development in broilers under environmental heat stress.

Methods
A total of 480 broiler chicks (Ross 308) at one-day-old were randomly divided into four groups (120 chicks/ group). The control group received the basal diet (CON), while the other three groups received the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg garlic essential oil (GEO), 200 mg/kg lemon essential oil (LEO), and their mixture (GLO) 200 mg/kg diet, respectively for 35 days.

Results
The obtained results revealed that broilers fed essential oils as a mixture or individually had an improvement in average body weight, feed conversion ratio, carcass dressing, and an increase in digestive enzymes activities compared to the control group, furthermore, there was a reduction in the mortality rate and abdominal fat content. Adding essential oils as a mixture or individually led to a decrease in (P < 0.05) blood plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and an increase in high-density lipoprotein. Broilers fed diets supplemented with essential oils as a mixture or individually had higher values of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase; while plasma malondialdehyde was lower (P < 0.05) compared to the control diet. Moreover, there was a significant enhancement in intestinal microbial content, and intestinal histological status of chickens fed with essential oils.

Conclusions
Conclusively, including the mixture of essential oils improved performance, nutrient digestibility, and digestive enzymes activities. It also enhanced immunity, antioxidant state, and lipid profile, and gut microbiota— histomorphology in broilers. It was proposed that the broilers diet be supplemented with a mixture of essential oils to a mitigation of the effects of heat stress.
A new S. suis serotype 3 infection model in pigs: lack of effect of buprenorphine treatment to reduce distress
Authors: Liedel Carolin , Mayer Leonie , Einspanier Almuth , Völker Iris , Ulrich Reiner , Rieckmann Karoline , Baums Christoph G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Streptoccocus suis (S. suis) is a major porcine pathogen causing meningitis, septicemia, arthritis and endocarditis. These diseases severely impair welfare of pigs. Experimental studies in pigs are important to better understand the pathogenesis and to identify protective antigens, as so far there is no vaccine available protecting against various serotypes (cps). Due to the severity of disease, application of appropriate refinement strategies in experimental S. suis infections is essential to reduce distress imposed on the piglets without jeopardizing the scientific output. The objectives of this study were to evaluate buprenorphine treatment as a refinement measure and serum cortisol levels as a distress read out parameter in a new S. suis cps3 infection model in pigs.

Results
Intravenous application of 2 × 108 CFU of S. suis cps3 (sly+, mrp+) to 6-week-old piglets led to severe morbidity in approximately 50% of the animals. Main pathological findings included suppurative meningoencephalitis and arthritis as well as fibrinosuppurative endocarditis. Buprenorphine treatment (0.05 mg/kg every 8 h) did not prevent signs of severe pain, high clinical scores, moderate to severe pathologies or high levels of serum cortisol in single severely affected piglets. Significant differences in the course of leukocytosis, induction of specific antibodies and bactericidal immunity were not recorded between groups with or w/o buprenorphine treatment. Of note, clinically unobtrusive piglets showed serum cortisol levels at 2 and 5 days post infectionem (dpi) comparable to the levels prior to infection with cps3. Cortisol levels in serum were significantly increased in piglets euthanized due to severe disease in comparison to clinically unobtrusive pigs.

Conclusions
Different clinical courses and pathologies are induced after intravenous challenge of piglets with 2 × 108 CFU of this S. suis cps3 strain. The chosen protocol of buprenorphine application does not prevent severe distress in this infection model. Important parameters of the humoral immune response, such as the level of IgM binding to S. suis cps3, do not appear to be affected by buprenorphine treatment. Serum cortisol is a meaningful parameter to measure distress in piglets experimentally infected with S. suis and to evaluate refinement strategies. In this intravenous model, which includes close clinical monitoring and different humane endpoints, clinics and cortisol levels suggest convalescence in surviving piglets within 5 days following experimental infection.
Transcriptome analysis of PK-15 cells expressing CSFV NS4A
Authors: Lv Huifang , Peng Zhifeng , Jia Bingxin , Jing Huiyuan , Cao Sufang , Xu Zhikun , Dong Wang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Classical swine fever (CSF) is a severe disease of pigs that results in huge economic losses worldwide and is caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV). CSFV nonstructural protein 4 A (NS4A) plays a crucial role in infectious CSFV particle formation. However, the function of NS4A during CSFV infection is not well understood.

Results
In this study, we used RNA-seq to investigate the functional role of CSFV NS4A in PK-15 cells. A total of 3893 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in PK-15 cells expressing NS4A compared to cells expressing the empty vector (NC). Twelve DEGs were selected and further verified by RT‒qPCR. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these DEGs were associated with multiple biological functions, including cell adhesion, apoptosis, host defence response, the inflammatory response, the immune response, and autophagy. Interestingly, some genes associated with host immune defence and inflammatory response were downregulated, and some genes associated with host apoptosis and autophagy were upregulated.

Conclusion
CSFV NS4A inhibits the innate immune response, and suppresses the expression of important genes associated with defence response to viruses and inflammatory response, and regulates cell adhesion, apoptosis and autophagy.
Negative regulation of interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) in interferon and NF-κB signalling pathways of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Liang Yaxin , Liu Rongrong , Zhang Jiahui , Chen Yixin , Shan Shijuan , Zhu Yaoyao , Yang Guiwen , Li Hua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRFs) is a kind of transcription factors, which play an important role in regulating the expression of type I IFN and related genes. In mammals, IRF6 is not relevant with IFN expression, while zebrafish IRF6 was reported to be a positive regulator of IFN expression and could be phosphorylated by both MyD88 and TBK1. However, the role of IRF6 in the immune response and IFN transcription of common carp is unknown.

Results
In the present study, the cDNA of IRF6 gene (CcIRF6) was cloned from common carp using RACE technique, with a total length of 1905 bp, encoding 471 amino acid residues, which possesses two functional domains of DBD and IAD. Similarity analysis showed that CcIRF6 had more than 50% similarity with IRFs of other vertebrates, and had the highest similarity with grass carp and zebrafish, among which the DBD domain was much more conserved. The phylogenetic analysis showed that CcIRF6 is in the branch of Osteichthyes and has the closest relationship with grass carp. In healthy common carp, the CcIRF6 was expressed in all the examined tissues, with the highest level in the oral epithelium, and the lowest level in the head kidney. After intraperitoneal injection of poly(I:C) or Aeromonas hydrophila, the expression of CcIRF6 increased in spleen, head kidney, foregut and hindgut of common carp. Moreover, poly(I:C), LPS, PGN and flagellin induced the expression of CcIRF6 in peripheral leukocytes and head kidney leukocytes of common carp in vitro. In EPC cells, CcIRF6 inhibited the expression of some IFN-related genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and dual luciferase reporter assay showed that CcIRF6 reduced the activity of IFN and NF-κB reporter genes.

Conclusions
The present study suggests that CcIRF6 is involved in the antiviral and antibacterial immune response of common carp, and negatively regulate the expression of IFN and NF-κB signalling pathways, which provides a theoretical basis for the study and prevention of fish disease pathogenesis.
Strategic optimization of conditions for the solubilization of GST-tagged amphipathic helix-containing ciliary proteins overexpressed as inclusion bodies in E. coli
Authors: Shendge Amruta A. , D’Souza Jacinta S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExpression of affinity-tagged recombinant proteins for crystallography, protein–protein interaction, antibody generation, therapeutic applications, etc. mandates the generation of high-yield soluble proteins. Although recent developments suggest the use of yeast, insect, and mammalian cell lines as protein expression platforms, Escherichia coli is still the most popular, due mainly to its ease of growth, feasibility in genetic manipulation and economy. However, some proteins have a spontaneous tendency to form inclusion bodies (IBs) when over-expressed in bacterial expression systems such as E. coli, thus posing a challenge in purification and yield. At times, small peptides undergo degradation during protein production and hence using suitable tags could circumvent the problem. Although several independent techniques have been used to solubilize IBs, these cannot always be applied in a generic sense. Although tagging a GST moiety is known to enhance the solubility of fusion proteins in E. coli, resulting in yields of 10–50 mg/L of the culture, the inherent nature of the protein sequence at times could lead to the formation of IBs. We have been working on a Myc Binding Protein-1 orthologue, viz. Flagellar Associated Protein 174 (FAP174) from the axoneme of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that binds to an A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 240 (AKAP240) which has been annotated as Flagellar Associated Protein 65 (FAP65). Using an in-silico approach, we have identified two amphipathic helices on FAP65 (CrFAP65AH1 and CrFAP65AH2) that are predicted to bind to FAP174. To test this prediction, we have cloned the GST-tagged peptides, and overexpressed them in E. coli that have resulted in insoluble IBs. The yields of these over-expressed recombinant proteins dropped considerably due to IB formation, indicating aggregation. An integrated approach has been used to solubilize four highly hydrophobic polypeptides, viz. two amphipathic helices and the respective proline variants of FAP65. For solubilizing these polypeptides, variables such as non-denaturing detergents (IGEPAL CA-630), changing the ionic strength of the cell lysis and solubilization buffer, addition of BugBuster®, diluting the cell lysate and sonication were introduced. Our statistically viable results yielded highly soluble and functional polypeptides, indiscreet secondary structures, and a yield of ~ 20 mg/L of the E. coli culture. Our combinatorial strategy using chemical and physical methods to solubilize IBs could prove useful for hydrophobic peptides and proteins with amphipathic helices.
Transcriptome-phenotype matching analysis of how nitrogen sources influence Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus tolerance to heat stress and oxidative stress
Authors: Zhang Chenchen , Cheng Haohao , Han Yuemei , Wa Yunchao , Chen Dawei , Guan Chengran , Huang Yujun , Gu Ruixia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Spray drying is the most cost-effective production method for lactic acid bacteria starters, but heat and oxidative stresses result in low survival rates. The heat stress and oxidative stress tolerance of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus cultured in tryptone-free MRS (NP-MRS) broth was much stronger than that in MRS or tryptone-free MRS broth supplemented with phenylalanine (Phe-MRS). Here, multiple transcriptome-phenotype matching was performed on cells cultured in NP-MRS, MRS and Phe-MRS broths to reveal the mechanism by which nitrogen sources influence L. rhamnosus tolerance to heat stress and oxidative stress.

Results
Compared with cells cultured in NP-MRS broth, 83 overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were downregulated by either tryptone or phenylalanine. The overlapping DEGs were mainly classified into carbohydrate metabolism and membrane transport pathways, which are often repressed by glucose during carbon catabolite repression (CCR). In the presence of glucose, the heat stress or oxidative stress tolerance of L. rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 was not strengthened by supplementation with secondary carbohydrates. Replacing glucose with mannose, fructose or ribose improved the heat stress and oxidative stress tolerance of L. rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 (5 to 46-fold).

Conclusions
Alleviation of CCR might be a reason for the resistance of L. rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 to heat stress and oxidative stress in a low-nitrogen environment. The survival rate of L. rhamnosus during spray drying will hopefully be improved by relieving CCR. It is a new discovery that nitrogen sources influence CCR in L. rhamnosus.
Regulation of mitochondrial complex III activity and assembly by TRAP1 in cancer cells
Authors: Matassa Danilo Swann , Criscuolo Daniela , Avolio Rosario , Agliarulo Ilenia , Sarnataro Daniela , Pacelli Consiglia , Scrima Rosella , Colamatteo Alessandra , Matarese Giuseppe , Capitanio Nazzareno , Landriscina Matteo , Esposito Franca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Metabolic reprogramming is an important issue in tumor biology. A recently-identified actor in this regard is the molecular chaperone TRAP1, that is considered an oncogene in several cancers for its high expression but an oncosuppressor in others with predominant oxidative metabolism. TRAP1 is mainly localized in mitochondria, where it interacts with respiratory complexes, although alternative localizations have been described, particularly on the endoplasmic reticulum, where it interacts with the translational machinery with relevant roles in protein synthesis regulation.

Results
Herein we show that, inside mitochondria, TRAP1 binds the complex III core component UQCRC2 and regulates complex III activity. This decreases respiration rate during basal conditions but allows sustained oxidative phosphorylation when glucose is limiting, a condition in which the direct TRAP1-UQCRC2 binding is disrupted, but not TRAP1-complex III binding. Interestingly, several complex III components and assembly factors show an inverse correlation with survival and response to platinum-based therapy in high grade serous ovarian cancers, where TRAP1 inversely correlates with stage and grade and directly correlates with survival. Accordingly, drug-resistant ovarian cancer cells show high levels of complex III components and high sensitivity to complex III inhibitory drug antimycin A.

Conclusions
These results shed new light on the molecular mechanisms involved in TRAP1-dependent regulation of cancer cell metabolism and point out a potential novel target for metabolic therapy in ovarian cancer.
Systemic drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema-like eruption after Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Di Bona Danilo , Miniello Andrea , Nettis Eustachio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSystemic drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) is an adverse drug reaction which manifests as a symmetrical erythematous rash involving the skin folds after systemic drug exposure. A vast array of possible side effects associated with administration of different anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been reported in literature since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, but only few times SDRIFE-like eruptions have been described in this context. We discuss here a case of SDRIFE-like eruption following the second dose of Oxford-Astrazeneca Vaxzevria vaccine.
Harnessing bioactive nanomaterials in modulating tumor glycolysis-associated metabolism
Authors: Gu Zhengying , Yu Chengzhong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlycolytic reprogramming is emerging as a hallmark of various cancers and a promising therapeutic target. Nanotechnology is revolutionizing the anti-tumor therapeutic approaches associated with glycolysis. Finely controlled chemical composition and nanostructure provide nanomaterials unique advantages, enabling an excellent platform for integrated drug delivery, biochemical modulation and combination therapy. Recent studies have shown promising potential of nanotherapeutic strategies in modulating tumor glycolytic metabolism alone or in combination with other treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. To foster more innovation in this cutting-edge and interdisciplinary field, this review summarizes recent understandings of the origin and development of tumor glycolysis, then provides the latest advances in how nanomaterials modulate tumor glycolysis-related metabolism. The interplay of nanochemistry, metabolism and immunity is highlighted. Ultimately, the challenges and opportunities are presented.