bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycoprotein Acetyls: A Novel Inflammatory Biomarker of Early Cardiovascular Risk in the Young
Authors: Chiesa Scott T. , Charakida Marietta , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Roberts Justin D. , Stafford Simon J. , Park Chloe , Mykkänen Juha , Kähönen Mika , Lehtimäki Terho , Ala‐Korpela Mika , Raitakari Olli , Pietiäinen Milla , Pussinen Pirkko , Muthurangu Vivek , Hughes Alun D. , Sattar Naveed , Timpson Nicholas J. , Deanfield John E. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Low‐grade inflammation in the young may contribute to the early development of cardiovascular disease. We assessed whether circulating levels of glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA) were better able to predict the development of adverse cardiovascular disease risk profiles compared with the more commonly used biomarker high‐sensitivity CRP (C‐reactive protein).

Methods and Results
A total of 3306 adolescents and young adults from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (mean age, 15.4±0.3; n=1750) and Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (mean age, 32.1±5.0; n=1556) were included. Baseline associations between inflammatory biomarkers, body composition, cardiovascular risk factors, and subclinical measures of vascular dysfunction were assessed cross‐sectionally in both cohorts. Prospective risk of developing hypertension and metabolic syndrome during 9‐to‐10‐year follow‐up were also assessed as surrogate markers for future cardiovascular risk. GlycA showed greater within‐subject correlation over 9‐to‐10‐year follow‐up in both cohorts compared with CRP, particularly in the younger adolescent group (r=0.36 versus 0.07). In multivariable analyses, GlycA was found to associate with multiple lifestyle‐related cardiovascular disease risk factors, cardiometabolic risk factor burden, and vascular dysfunction (eg, mean difference in flow‐mediated dilation=−1.2 [−1.8, −0.7]% per z‐score increase). In contrast, CRP levels appeared predominantly driven by body mass index and showed little relationship to any measured cardiovascular risk factors or phenotypes. In both cohorts, only GlycA predicted future risk of both hypertension (risk ratio [RR], ≈1.1 per z‐score increase for both cohorts) and metabolic syndrome (RR, ≈1.2–1.3 per z‐score increase for both cohorts) in 9‐to‐10‐year follow‐up.

Conclusions
Low‐grade inflammation captured by the novel biomarker GlycA is associated with adverse cardiovascular risk profiles from as early as adolescence and predicts future risk of hypertension and metabolic syndrome in up to 10‐year follow‐up. GlycA is a stable inflammatory biomarker which may capture distinct sources of inflammation in the young and may provide a more sensitive measure than CRP for detecting early cardiovascular risk.
“To Know Everything”: Encyclopedias and the Organization of Kabbalistic Knowledge
Authors: Gondos Andrea 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The (re-)organization of knowledge concerning kabbalistic concepts constituted an important literary activity for authors, beginning with the late medieval through the early modern periods. The examination of the anonymous Ma‘arekhet ha-Elohut, Meir ibn Gabbai’s ‘Avodat ha-Qodesh, and Moses Cordovero’s Pardes Rimmonim, help to re-focus scholarly attention on the literary genre of kabbalistic encyclopedias that served four interrelated objectives. One, to create order in divergent, sometimes contradictory theories of kabbalistic doctrine. Two, to delineate the contours of legitimate kabbalistic knowledge. Three, to provide theological guidance as prerequisites and as ultimate goals for the study of Kabbalah. Four, to generate a pedagogic outline for acquisition of kabbalistic wisdom. The organizational adjustments adopted in these works offered a treatment of teachings, texts, and theories that had accumulated in geographically disparate Jewish communities. At the same time, systematization conferred authority in the world of Jewish mystical ideas laying the framework for a kabbalistic curriculum.
How the Art of Printing Transformed Kabbalah: Between Italian Courts and Polish Lands
Authors: Busi Giulio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this article, I will first provide a brief discussion of the geographical development of how the art of printing transformed Kabbalah from Italian courts to Polish shtetlach, focusing on the relationship between Italy and Poland. I will then move to the theoretical aspect and try to outline the dynamics of kabbalistic thought involved in this phenomenon. From a temporal point of view, the focus is on the sixteenth century, the era in which the crucial transformation of kabbalistic thought into an editorial product takes place.
Expansion, Integration, and the Limits of Commercial Publishing in North China during the Qing Dynasty: Taking Dongchang Prefecture as an Example
Authors: He Zhaohui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Until now most studies on commercial publishing in pre-modern China have focused on two areas in the south, Jiangnan and Fujian, where publishing centers had been clustered since the Song dynasty. Before the Qing dynasty, commercial publications for the whole country had been provided by the publishing centers located in those two areas. However, the landscape changed significantly in the Qing dynasty, as commercial publishing extended to places where there had existed no printing shops before, especially the northern provinces of China. Dongchang prefecture along the Great Canal in Shandong province rose to become an important regional publishing center during the Qing. The publications produced in Dongchang not only satisfied the needs of local readers but were sold throughout Shandong and in other provinces in the north. As an outstanding publishing center in the north, Dongchang prefecture is a useful window from which to observe the development of commercial publishing and the book market in northern China in the Qing dynasty. This article investigates the origin, publications, readership, and distribution networks of printing shops in Dongchang prefecture. The author argues that rather than completely replacing the southern publishers in supplying books for readers in the north, the newly risen northern commercial publishers captured only a part of the market share. Some categories of books, such as new titles and high-end publications, still heavily relied on the southern publishers. In the Qing dynasty there was a notable trend towards stronger relationships between publishing centers and regional book markets. Hopefully this study will provide a more comprehensive landscape of commercial publishing in pre-modern China, and enhance our understanding of the development of book markets in the north.
SARS-CoV-2 Testing of Aerosols Emitted During Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery: A Prospective, Case-Controlled Study
Authors: Haddadin Zaid , Halasa Natasha , McHenry Rendie , Varjabedian Rebekkah , Lynch Tricia L. , Chen Heidi , Abdul Ghani Muhammad Owais , Schmitz Jonathan E. , Sucre Jennifer , Isenberg Kimberly , Zamora Irving , Danko Melissa , Blakely Martin , Olson Jacob , Jackson Gretchen P. , Lovvorn Harold N. 
Published: February 2022

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant safety concerns for healthcare providers, especially those performing aerosol-generating procedures. Several surgical societies issued early warnings that aerosols generated during minimally invasive surgery (MIS) could harbor infectious quantities of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study tested the hypothesis that MIS-aerosols contain SARS-CoV-2. Methods To evaluate SARS-CoV-2 presence in aerosols emitted during intracavitary MIS, children <18 years who required emergent MIS and were discovered to be SARS-CoV-2-positive were enrolled. Swabs were obtained from the port in-line with a filtered smoke evacuation system, the tubing adjacent to this port, the fluid collection chamber and filter, and the distal endotracheal tube (ETT). All swabs were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. To evaluate viral distribution in tissues, fluorescence in situ hybridization for SARS-CoV-2 was performed on resected specimens. Outcomes were recorded, and participating healthcare workers were tracked for SARS-CoV-2 conversion. Results From July 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021, 11 children requiring emergent MIS were discovered preoperatively to be SARS-CoV-2 positive (median age: 14 years [5-17]). SARS-CoV-2 was detected only in ETT swabs and not in surgical aerosols or specimens. Median operative time was 56.5 minutes (IQR: 46-66), and postoperative stay was 21.2 hours (IQR: 1.97-57.57). No complications or viral eruption were recorded, and none of 63 healthcare workers tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within 6 weeks. Discussion SARS-CoV-2 was detected only in ETT secretions and not in surgical aerosols or specimens among a pediatric cohort of asymptomatic patients having emergent MIS.
Sclerotherapy for Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia-Related Epistaxis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Thiele Brittney , Abdel-Aty Yassmeen , Marks Lisa , Lal Devyani , Marino Michael 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a common inherited condition characterized by mucosal telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis, and arteriovenous malformations. HHT results in detriment to quality of life. Morbidity and mortality result from severe anemia. Conventional interventions for HHT-related epistaxis include nasal packing, diathermy, lasers, coblation, microdebridement, bevacizumab (topical and systemic), as well as septodermoplasty and nasal closure. Sclerotherapy has been recently described in the literature as a novel approach to HHT-related epistaxis. We hypothesize that sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for HHT-related epistaxis and improves upon the current standard of care for this disease. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to study sclerotherapy for treating HHT-related epistaxis. Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Articles were evaluated and excluded according to PRISMA guidelines and reviewed by 2 authors. Reported variables included number of injections, months of follow up, changes in Epistaxis Severity Score, previous treatments used to control epistaxis, and post-injection side effects. Results: Seven studies with a total of 196 patients met inclusion criteria. Three studies reported significant improvement as measured by the Epistaxis Severity Score scale. One reported improvement through subjective patient surveys and others used the Bergler-Sadick scale to measure frequency and intensity of epistaxis. All studies reported improvement in HHT-related epistaxis. The lack of uniform reporting measures however precluded formal meta-analysis. Conclusions: Based on limited data, sclerotherapy appears to be effective for treating HHT-related epistaxis and offers promise for treating this recalcitrant condition. However, larger, prospective, multi-centered studies using universally validated instruments for epistaxis are needed to definitively evaluate outcomes from sclerotherapy.
Loneliness in the presence of others: A mixed-method study of social networks of caregivers of patients with severe mental disorders
Authors: Tabatabaee Maryam , Yousefi Nooraie Reza , Mohammad Aghaei Ardavan , Rostam-Abadi Yasna , Ansari Mina , Sharifi Shamim , Sharifi Vandad 
Published: February 2022

Background: One in four families has at least one member with a mental disorder and families are the main caregivers in most patients in low and middle-income countries. Caregivers experience disruption in their routine lives, increased responsibilities, increased need for support, and changes in their network. The role of personal support networks in the health and burden of the caregivers is complex and depends on the context, cultural and socioeconomical variables. In this study, we aimed to investigate the personal support network of caregivers of patients with severe mental illness in Iran. Methods: By using a mixed-methods design, we focused on the structure and composition of caregiver networks, as well as self-perceived caregiver support. Results: We found that the support network of caregivers was mostly composed of immediate family members whom themselves were selectively chosen as a result of the multidimensional process of interaction between stigma, availability, and the perceived needs of caregivers. The participants mentioned economic and instrumental supports more frequently than emotional support, probably reflecting their unmet basic needs. Advocacy for providing formal systemic supports to caregivers, as well as interventions that expand caregivers personal support network is recommended. Conclusions: Most participants of the study were relatively isolated and had a small network of support, mostly composed of immediate family members. Stigma was a serious source of family distress for caregivers and a limiting factor in social relationships.
The Effectiveness and Flexibility of Practice-Based Teaching: A Long-term, Cross-disciplinary Evaluation
Authors: Greece Jacey A. , Bangham Candice , Wolff James , Bryant Malcolm , Gupte Gouri , McGrath Donna 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Schools of public health (SPHs) must train students through real-world situations. Practice-based teaching (PBT) uses immediate application for skill development through multiple modes of delivery including virtual collaborations. PBT provides short-term benefits but is less understood long term. We sought to understand the longer-term impacts of PBT on students, public health agencies, faculty, and SPH administration and determine if the reported benefits of PBT outweigh the challenges. Methods: We used a mixed-methods pre–post-test evaluation to assess short-term outcomes in spring 2015 and long-term outcomes 3 years later using quantitative and qualitative assessments. The evaluation included 4 PBT courses spanning disciplines in 1 SPH. Participants included students (n = 56), collaborating agencies (n = 9), teaching faculty (n = 7), and SPH administrators (n = 8). Results: Students reported acquisition of competencies, application at follow-up, and being workforce ready (91.0%) with greater appreciation 3 years post-semester (78.6%). Collaborating agencies reported successful implementation of deliverables (77.8%) and enhanced networks (88.7%) with cost savings and better outcomes for the communities served. Faculty recognized beneficial outcomes to students including workforce preparation (71.4%), and administration recognized the benefits and worth of PBT to the school for teaching (100%) and research opportunities (87.5%). Conclusions: Given the shifting higher education landscape as a result of the pandemic, public health courses are being redesigned to provide opportunities for skill development, regardless of delivery mode, and enhanced connections to the field are essential. PBT is a flexible pedagogy that results in lasting and innovative resources to agencies and prepares public health students with technical skills and professional competencies to be workforce ready.
Production from One, Distribution to All? Examining Effort-Based Distributional Norms in a Controlled Lab Study
Authors: Carr Michael , Mellizo Philip 
Published: February 2022

In the standard Ultimatum Game, a proposer is provided with a sum of money by the experimenter. The proposer makes a take-it-or-leave-it offer to a responder that, if accepted, is divided in the proposed manner. If the responder rejects the offer, both receive nothing. We modify this framework by providing the proposer with an endowment created by work performed by the responder prior to participating in an Ultimatum Game. We find that average offers by proposers increase. Responders, however, are less likely to reject a given size offer when compared with the standard, experimenter-provided endowment. We take this as evidence that the mode of production affects distributional outcomes, a result that is at odds with conventional economic approaches, but consistent with arguments expressed by Marx and others. JEL Classification: C91, D30, D63
Predictors of Non-Compliance with a National Early Care and Education-Based Obesity Prevention Initiative: Go NAPSACC
Authors: Willis Erik A. , Chang Xiuya , Smith Falon , Clarke Emily , Ward Dianne S. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose The purpose is to examine predictors of intervention non-compliance and develop a risk stratification score. Design Prospective cohort. Setting Early care and education (ECE). Subjects Early care and education programs (n = 3883) randomly allocated (3:1) to a development (n = 2909) or validation (n = 974) sample. Intervention Go NAPSACC provides a structured, web-based process to help improve the health of children around 7 modules (nutrition, physical activity, oral health, breast/infant feeding, farm to ECE, outdoor play, and screen time). Measures Program characteristics and participation data are collected via Go NAPSACC tool. Analysis Multivariable Lasso logistic regression was used to identify predictors. Discriminative ability was based on area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results Overall, ECE program non-compliance (lack of valid pre-/post self-assessment) was 65.5%. Six predictors were retained in the final development model: type of program ( P = .002), Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) participation ( P = .065), acceptance of subsidies ( P < .001), past modules attempted ( P < .001), past modules completed ( P < .001), and action plans created ( P < .001). These factors generated a non-compliance risk score which showed good discrimination in the validation sample (AUC: .922, 95% CI: .903–.940). Conclusion Lack of qualitative data limits the ability to fully understand the context of non-compliance; however, this study demonstrates readily available data captured by Go NAPSACC are strong predictors of future success. Early identification of high-risk programs will inform targets for future implementation strategies geared toward improving program success.
Clinical Utilization of Stress Dose Hydrocortisone in Adult Patients With Septic Shock: A Retrospective Observational Study at a Large Academic Medical Center
Authors: Sacha Gretchen L. , Chen Alyssa Y. , Palm Nicole M. , Wang Xiaofeng , Li Manshi , Duggal Abhijit 
Published: February 2022

Background: The use of stress dose corticosteroids, specifically, hydrocortisone, in septic shock is heterogeneous, and current clinical trials yield conflicting results. Regardless, they are still recommended by guidelines for vasopressor-dependent septic shock. Objectives: This study sought to characterize current practice of hydrocortisone use in patients with septic shock and secondarily to compare clinical outcomes of those who received hydrocortisone to those who did not. Methods: This single center, retrospective cohort study evaluated patients with septic shock admitted to a tertiary care center between 2012 and 2017. Patients receiving hydrocortisone for at least two doses were compared to those without. Results: 3411 septic shock patients were included; 1593 (47%) received hydrocortisone and 1818 (53%) did not. Patients who received hydrocortisone had higher lactate (4.0 vs 3.4 mmol/L; P < .01) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III scores (104.1 vs 91.0; P < .01). Vasopressor duration was 1.7 days longer in the hydrocortisone group ( P < .01), and the hydrocortisone group had higher hospital mortality (52% vs 38%; P < .01). A propensity score–matched population was conducted in patients with APACHE scores >100: vasopressor duration was longer in those who received hydrocortisone (3.9 vs 2.0 days; P < .01), and hospital mortality was higher (59.3% vs 53.1%; P = .036); however, after multivariable adjustment, no association between receipt of hydrocortisone and hospital mortality was detected (OR 1.2 [95% CI .9–1.6]). Conclusions: Patients who received hydrocortisone were more severely ill than those that did not, making retrospective evaluation of this question challenging. These results highlight the wide variability and heterogeneity in hydrocortisone use in clinical practice.
Sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy with genetic diagnosis: description of a case series in a tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Arenas-Cabrera Carmen , Baena-Palomino Pablo , Sánchez-García Javier , Oliver-Romero María , Chocrón-González Yamin , Caballero-Martínez Manuel 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE) is characterized by asymmetric tonic/dystonic posturing and/or complex hyperkinetic seizures occurring mostly during sleep. Experts agree that SHE should be considered a unique syndrome. PURPOSE We present 8 cases of SHE for which a genetic diagnosis was carried out using a multigene epilepsy panel. Methods We retrospectively screened familial and isolated cases of SHE in current follow-ups in our center. Results We included 8 (5F/3M) patients, 5 of whom had a positive familial history of epilepsy. We identified a pathogenic mutation in CHRNA4, CHRNB2, and 3 different pathogenic changes in DEPDC5. Conclusions Awareness of SHE needs to be raised, given its implications for finding an appropriate treatment, its relationship to cognitive and psychiatric comorbidities, and the opportunity to prevent the disorder in the descendants. We present our series with their clinical, radiological, electroencephalographic, and genetic characteristics, in which we found 3 pathogenic mutations in the DEPDC5 gene but not previously reported in the literature. Identifying new pathogenic mutations or new genes responsible for SHE will facilitate a better understanding of the disease and a correct genetic counseling.
An evaluation of five regional health information technology-based programmes to improve health and social care coordination: A quasi-experimental controlled before/after mixed design
Authors: Salmi Louis-Rachid , Roberts Tamara , Renaud Thomas , Buffeteau Sophie , Cueille Sandrine , Fourneyron Emmanuelle , Gaillard Aurélie , Abraham Maelys , Arditi Nora , Castry Mathieu , Daniel Fabien , N'gom N'deye Fatou , Guéry Orlane , L'Horty Yannick , Pincemail Stéphane , Purgues Sonia , Thiessard Franz , Ramel Viviane , Langlois Emmanuel , Saillour-Glénisson Florence , Sibé Matthieu , Wittwer Jérôme ,   EvaTSN Research Group
Published: February 2022

Objectives Health information technology (HIT) can help coordinate health and social actors involved in patients’ pathways. We assess five regional HIT-based programmes (‘ Territoires de Soins Numériques’ or TSN) introduced in France, covering the period 2012–2018. Methods This was a quasi-experimental controlled before/after mixed design. We used data from the French National Health Insurance database, qualitative and quantitative surveys, and information extracted from project documents and databases. We assessed the impact of TSN using four main impact indicators: emergency room visits, unplanned hospitalizations, avoidable hospitalizations and rehospitalization within 30 days. We also collected qualitative and secondary quantitative data covering perceived needs, knowledge, use, satisfaction, adoption and understanding of projects, pathway experience, impact on professional practices and appropriateness of hospitalizations. Results TSN implemented a heterogeneous mix of HIT. Implementation was slower than expected and was not well documented. Users perceived the HIT as having a positive but weak overall effect. There were no significant differences in trends for the main impact indicators, nor on the appropriateness of hospitalizations, but favourable trends on secondary polypharmacy indicators. Conclusions If similar innovations take place in future, they should be based on a logical framework that defines causal, measurable links between services provided and expected impacts.