bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diketopiperazines, promising anti-adhesion metabolites of Glycomyces sediminimaris against dental pathogen Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Heidarian Sheida , Almasi Faezeh , Mohammadipanah Fatemeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Oral biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans as a critical and the predominant causative agent of several dental and physiologic disorders needs to be tackled. Investigating anti-biofilm compounds from marine Actinobacteria as a source of natural product for blocking the biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans was conducted. Anti-adhesion activity of Actinobacterial extracts was investigated through crystal violet assay. Herein, the extract of Glycomyces sediminimaris UTMC 2460 (DSM 103727) prevented the adhesion potency of S. mutans up to 95.1% at 100 𝜇g/mL. The Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) production and cell hydrophobicity index of the strain was restrained up to 66% and 30%, respectively. The extract showed metabolism suppression up to 20% in S. mutans even in the biofilm state at the effective biofilm inhibition concentration (100 𝜇g/mL). Metabolic profiling of Glycomyces sediminimaris revealed the presence of anti-biofilm diketopiperazines compounds as major components of the extract. The current finding postulate that the metabolic profile of marine Glycomyces sediminimaris includes biocompounds that can be evaluated in further studies as an anti-biofilm of S.mutans which has not been previously reported.
Enhanced structural, optical, electrical properties and antibacterial activity of PEO/CMC doped ZnO nanorods for energy storage and food packaging applications
Authors: Tarabiah A. , Alhadlaq H.A. , Alaizeri Z.M. , Ahmed A.A. , Asnag G.M. , Ahamed M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The zinc oxide nanorods (ZnONRs) have been successfully prepared via sol-gel way. A series of Poly(ethylene oxide) and Carboxymethyl cellulose (PEO/CMC) blend samples filled with different concentration of ZnONRs were prepared using casting method. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) image showed that the synthesized ZnONPs had a diameter in the range of 29.29 to 59.09 nm. These samples were characterized by different analytical techniques. On the basis of results obtained from XRD and FT-IR analysis, blends are miscible. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy exhibited the complexation between PEO/CMC blend and ZnONRs. The optical energy gap was calculated using the UV/vis. data. The maximum value of AC conductivity for the pure blend was 1.98×10− 7 S.cm− 1, and by raising the filling of ZnONRs increased to 3.26×10− 6 S.cm− 1 at highest concentration. After the added of ZnONRs, an improvement for the dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss (ɛ") of PEO/CMC are detected. These samples can be employment in the semiconductor industries and portable electrochemical batteries, electric vehicles and grid energy storage, due to the noticed enhancements in optical, and AC conductivity. PEO/CMC/ZnONRs films were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria have been tested. The excellent antimicrobial activity of these films provides a novel and simple way for the synthesis nanocomposites as functional biomaterials and has the possibility for usage in food packaging applications.
Whole transcriptome analysis of the differential RNA profiles and associated competitive endogenous RNA networks in hyperuricemia-induced mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
Authors: Shao Xiaoni , He Pengke , Li Na , Amatjana Mukaram , Zhang Boheng , Mai Xianyan , Jiang Qianle , Xie Haochen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Aimed at investigate the dysregulated genes, pathways and networks involved in hyperuricemia-induced mild cognitive impairment　(MCI) through performing whole transcriptome sequencing, revealing the potential mechanism of hyperuricemia-induced MCI.Results: A total of 463 DEGs, including 391 mRNA, 31 lncRNA, 8 cirRNA, and 33 miRNA were differentially expressed in HUA rats compared with the common rats by calculating the gene fragments per kilobase million (FPKM) in each sample and conducting differential gene analysis. The GO enrichment analysis showed 10 GO terms were significantly enriched, and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed ECM-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, protein digestion and absorption, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and morphine addiction were significantly enriched. Conclusions: Hyperuricemia can cause a certain degree of abnormal gene expression and modulate signaling pathways in the hippocampus.
“Compared to COVID, HIV is nothing”: exploring how onshore international students in an Australian city navigate COVID-19 versus BBV/STI risk
Authors: Okeke Sylvester Reuben 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWhile a large body of evidence indicates changes in alcohol and other drug use among young people as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a lack of evidence around changes in sexual practices and how it may be impacting the potential spread of BBVs/STIs. Most of what we know about sex during COVID-19 lockdowns is largely based on solitary sexual practices, which may not answer the critical question around how the pandemic may be shaping BBVs/STIs risk practices among young people. Against this backdrop, this study explored how the COVID-19 pandemic may be shaping BBVs/STIs risk and protective practices among African and Asian international students in Sydney, Australia. MethodsThis phenomenological qualitative study involved a semi-structured telephone and face-to-face interviews with 16 international university students in Sydney, between September 2020–March 2021. Generated data were coded using NVivo and analysis was guided by reflexive thematic analysis. ResultsParticipants reported elevated mental health distress because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Some participants reported engaging in casual sexual hook-ups as a strategy to seek relief from the mental health distress they experienced. Some of those sexual hook-ups were condomless partly because COVID-related disruptions impacted condom accessibility during lockdowns. Also, the preventive practices of some participants who reported being sexually active during the lockdowns were focused on preventing COVID-19 neglecting BBVs/STIs. ConclusionThis study indicates a need for comprehensive public health response to the evolving and near-endemic COVID-19 situation. Such comprehensive approach should focus on empowering young people to prevent both the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the sexual spread of BBVs/STIs.
Perceived stress, competitive state anxiety, depression and sleep quality in Chinese athletes During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chen Xin , Hou Xiangling , Chen Chao , Wang Dexin , Zhai Liang , Wang Jian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, and its associated stressors have resulted in decreased sleep quality among athletes. This study aimed to test the correlation between perceived stress and sleep quality and to figure out whether competitive state anxiety and depression mediate this association.Methods: The Perceived Stress Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, CSA Inventory-2, and Pittsburgh SQ Index were administered in 590 Chinese athletes (275 females, age = 19.93+2.90 years). Mediation analyses were used to investigate whether competitive state anxiety and depression mediate the correlation between perceived stress and sleep quality in athletes.Results: The results indicated that perceived stress was positively related to poor sleep quality (r = 0.232, p < 0.001). Moreover, competitive state anxiety (ab = 0.0347, Boot SE =0.0179, Boot 95% CI = [0.0252, 0.1091]) and depression (ab = 0.0235, Boot SE = 0.0120, Boot 95% CI = [0.0032, 0.0502]) mediated the correlation between perceived stress and sleep quality in athletes.Conclusions: These findings contributed to a better understanding of how perceived stress related to sleep quality in athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic and indicated that perceived stress, competitive state anxiety, and depression are risk factors in the development of athletes’ poor sleep quality.
Therapeutic effects of a lipid transfer protein isolated from Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) seeds on irinotecan- induced intestinal mucositis in mice
Authors: Carmo Luana David do , Rangel Gisele de Fátima Pinheiro , Rabelo Liviane Maria Alves , de Souza Tamiris de Fátima Goebel , Lima-Júnior Roberto César Pereira , Wong Deysi Viviana Tenazoa , Leitão Renata Ferreira de Carvalho , Silva Alfredo Augusto Vasconcelos da , Magalhães Pedro Jorge Caldas , Costa Andréa Santos , Campos Dyély de Carvalho Oliveira , de Alencar Nylane Maria Nunes , de Oliveira Hermógenes David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the activity of a lipid transfer protein isolated from Morinda citrifolia L. seeds, McLTP1, on the development of intestinal mucositis following irinotecan administration. McLTP1 (0.5, 2 and 8 mg/kg, i.v.) was injected into mice 1h before irinotecan administration (75 mg/kg, i.p.; 4 days), and then for additional 6 days. Seven days after the first dose of irinotecan, diarrhea was assessed and the intestine was removed for histological evaluation, assessment of intestinal over-contractility, measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine (IL-1, IL-6, and KC levels - a murine homolog of human IL-8 chemokine), analysis of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. At the two highest doses, McLTP1 administration decreased mortality and diarrhea. McLTP1 (8 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly prevented irinotecan-induced intestinal damage and led to a reduction in over-contractility of the intestinal muscle (p < 0.05). Moreover, McLTP1 decreased the MPO, IL-1β, IL-6, and KC levels significantly by 74.7%, 42%, 92.9%, and 95.9%, respectively. Also, the expression of COX-2, NF-κB, and iNOS was reduced. Pretreatment with McLTP1 (8mg/kg; i.v.) significantly reduced the MDA level and increased the duodenum homogenates' GSH level. Our study provides a potential new therapeutic for preventing irinotecan-induced mucositis, improved clinical parameters, reduced inflammation, and oxidative damage.
Essential oil of Magnolia denudata is an effective anesthetic for spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus): a test for its effect on blood biochemistry, physiology and gill morphology
Authors: Zeng Xiangbing , Dong Hongbiao , Wu Jingru , Wang Wenhao , Duan Yafei , Chen Jian , Zhang Jiasong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Magnolia denudata is a well-known ornamental tree in China due to its beautiful blossoms, and it has been used as an analgesic to treat human headaches. This study investigates the anesthetic potential and physiological response of the essential oils of M. denudata flower on spotted seabass Lateolabrax maculatus. Fish (mean ± SD, 164.16 ± 15.40 g) were individually exposed to different concentrations of M. denudata essential oil (MDO, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 mg/L) and eugenol (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 mg/L) to investigate anesthestic efficacy. Based on the time criteria of anesthesia induction (< 3 min) and post-recovery (< 10 min), the lowest effective concentration for spotted seabass was 100 mg/L for MDO and 60 mg/L for eugenol. The physiological and histopathological damages in the gill of L. maculatus after using essential oil and eugenol were also evaluated for the minimum dose inducing deep anesthetia, and 0, 6 and 24 h after recovery. These results showed that MDO and eugenol anesthesia alleviated the levels of cortisol, glucose and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activities by handling. Compared with the eugenol, MDO also caused secondary stress to the body, but MDO caused minor physiological responses and histological changes in the gills. This study suggests that MDO is an effective anesthetic for spotted seabass.
Association between metabolic syndrome and uric acid: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Luque Rafael Molina , Cano Elena Raya , Saldaña Manuel Romero , Abellán Manuel Vaquero , Recio Guillermo Molina , Jiménez Domingo de Pedro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide the best evidence on the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and uric acid (UA) by determining the size of the effect of this biomarker on MetS. The review protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021231124). The search covered the PubMed and Scopus databases. Methodological quality was assessed with the STROBE tool, overall risk of bias with RevMan (Cochrane Collaboration) and quality of evidence with Grade Pro. Initially, 1,582 articles were identified. Then, after excluding duplicates and reviewing titles and abstracts, 1,529 articles were excluded from applying the eligibility criteria. We included 43 papers (56 groups) comparing UA concentrations between subjects 91,845 with MetS and 259,931 controls. Subjects with MetS had a higher mean UA of 0.57 mg/dl (95% CI 0.54–0.61) (p < 0.00001). Given the heterogeneity of the included studies, the researchers decided to perform subgroups analysis. Men with MetS have a higher UA concentration mg/dl 0.53 (95% CI 0.45–0.62, p < 0.00001) and women with MetS 0.57 (95% CI 0.48–0.66, p < 0.00001) compared to subjects without MetS. Assessment of UA concentration could provide a new avenue for early diagnosis of MetS, as a new biomarker and the possibility of new therapeutic targets.
Nanoconfinement Facilitates Reactions of Carbon Dioxide in Supercritical Water
Authors: Stolte Nore , Pan Ding 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The reactions of CO2 in water under extreme pressure-temperature conditions are of great importance to the carbon storage and transport below Earth's surface, which substantially affect the carbon budget in the atmosphere. Previous studies focus on the CO2 solutions in the bulk phase, but underground aqueous solutions are often confined to the nanoscale, and nanoconfinement and solid-liquid interfaces may substantially affect chemical speciation and reaction mechanisms, which are poorly known on the molecular scale. Here, we applied extensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to study aqueous carbon solutions nanoconfined by graphene and stishovite (SiO2) at 10 GPa and 1000~1400 K. We found that CO2(aq) reacts more in nanoconfinement than in bulk. The stishovite-water interface makes the solutions more acidic, which shifts the chemical equilibria, and the interface chemistry also significantly affects the reaction mechanisms. Our findings suggest that CO2(aq) in deep Earth may be more active than previously thought, and confining CO2 and water in nanopores may enhance the efficiency of mineral carbonation.
Using a Human-Centered, Mixed Methods Approach to Understand the Patient Waiting Experience and Its Impact on Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Liao Elizabeth N , Chehab Lara Z , Neville Kathryn , Liao Jennifer , Patel Devika , Sammann Amanda 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To use a mixed methods approach to investigate the patient waiting experience for an underserved population at an outpatient surgical clinic. Methods: We used lean methodology to perform 96 time-tracked observations of the patient journey in clinic, documenting the duration of activities from arrival to departure. We also used human-centered design (HCD) to perform and analyze 43 semi-structured interviews to understand patients’ unmet needs.Results: Patients spent an average of 68.5% of their total clinic visit waiting to be seen. While the average visit was 95.8 minutes, over a quarter of visits (27%) were over 2 hours. Patients waited an average of 24.4 minutes in the waiting room and 41.2 minutes in the exam room; and only spent 19.7% of their visit with an attending provider and 11.8% with a medical assistant. Interviews revealed that patients arrive to their visit already frustrated due to difficulties related to scheduling and attending their appointment. This is exacerbated during the visit due to long wait times, perceived information opacity, and an uncomfortable waiting room, resulting in frustration and anxiety. Conclusions: While time tracking demonstrated that patients spend a majority of their visit waiting to be seen, HCD revealed that patient frustrations span the waiting experience from accessing the appointment to visit completion. These combined findings are crucial for intervention design and implementation for vulnerable populations to improve the quality and experience with healthcare and also address system inefficiencies such as long wait times.
Aphid EPG waveforms classification based on wavelet kernel extreme learning machine
Authors: Xing Yuqing , Li Baofang , Wu Lili , Yan Fengming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Insect electrical penetration graph (EPG) instrument is a powerful tool to study the feeding behavior of piercing-sucking insect and insect transmission virus mechanism. However, the classification of EPG waveforms has been carried out manually. It is urgent to identify EPG waveforms automatically to improve the analysis efficiency. Machine learning methods are widely used in classifying human bioelectrical signals, but rarely in EPG signals. In this study, the kernel extreme learning machine (ELM) was applied to the classification of EPG waveforms. Morlet wavelet function was used as the kernel function of the ELM, and the number of neurons was selected adaptively by incremental algorithm to solve the classification problem of EPG waveforms quickly and accurately. In the experiment, the 6-dimensional feature vector was used to enter the wavelet kernel extreme learning machine (WKELM) which was composed of low frequency wavelet energy in the 2nd and 3rd layers, fractal box dimension, Hurst exponent and spectral centroid in the first two layers of HHT. The average classification accuracy was 94.47%, which was 3.04% higher than the previous study. The experimental results showed that the proposed classification method of EPG waveforms based on WKELM has high identification performance, which laid a theoretical foundation for the research and development of EPG waveforms automatic identification and analysis system.
Golgin45 SUMOylation Contributes To PML Nuclear Body Formation During Heat Shock Response
Authors: Jing Shuaiyang , Gao Jingkai , Tiwari Neeraj , Du Yulei , Zhu Lianhui , Gim Bopil , Qian Yi , Yue Xihua , Lee Intaek 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
SUMOylation is a post-translational modification that attaches a ubiquitin-like modifier to target proteins and plays a number of roles throughout the cells, including transcriptional regulation and cellular stress response, etc. We have recently reported that a Golgi structural protein, Golgin45, is subjected to Tankyrase1-dependent poly (ADP-Ribosyl)ation, resulting in dynamic regulation of Golgin45 protein and membrane trafficking of glycosylating enzymes at the Golgi. However, exact mechanism that modulates Tankyrase activity on Golgin45 remained elusive. Here, we report that Golgin45 is a SUMOylated protein, and heat shock significantly increases Golgin45 SUMOylation, concomitantly leading to reduced PARylation. Importantly, while PML is required for Golgin45 SUMOylation by SUMO3, over-expression of a SUMOylation-deficient Golgin45 mutant inhibits the formation of PML-NBs under heat shock, revealing a role of SUMOylated Golgin45 in PML-NB formation in the nucleus. These results provide a new insight into stress-induced inter-organelle communications between the Golgi and the nucleus.
Impact of an Intradialysis Virtual-reality-based Exercise Program on Healthcare Resources Expenditure: a Micro-costing Analysis
Authors: Testal Alicia García , Olmos José Francisco Martínez , Gómez Jose Antonio Gil , Coca Javier Villalón , Ramón Rafael Ortiz , Poyatos Alicia Cana , Maset Rafael García , Ortí Eva Segura 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Engagement in exercise by haemodialysis (HD) patients has been shown to generate benefits both in terms of improved functional capacity and in the health-related quality of life. The use of non-immersive virtual reality (VR) games represents a new format for the implementation of intradialysis exercise. Some studies have shown that engaging in exercise for 6 months reduces the consumption of antihypertensive drugs and decreases the time spent admitted to hospital among individuals receiving HD treatments. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the consumption of healthcare resources and micro-costing for patients on HD who completed an VR exercise program.Materials and methods: Design: This was a retrospective observational substudy in a cross-over clinical trial. The participants performed an intradialysis exercise program with non-immersive virtual reality for 3 months. The variables were recorded in two periods: 12 months before and 12 months after the start of the exercise program.Results: The micro-costing analysis showed a significant decrease in the mean cost, in euros, for the consumption of laboratory tests −330 (95% CI:[−533,−126];p =0.003), outpatient visits −351 ([−566,−135];p =0.003), and radiology tests −111 ([−209,−10];p =0.03) in the 12 months after the implementation of the exercise program relative to the 12 months prior to its start.Conclusion: The implementation of intradialysis exercise programs decreased the expenditure of some healthcare resources. Future studies could help clarify if longer interventions would have a stronger impact on these cost reductions.
Assessing knowledge and attitude of healthcare students towards medical marijuana
Authors: Ngo Hanh M. , Motamed Rashno , Patel Pooja H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: As the number of patients who use Medical Marijuana (MMJ) is increasing, healthcare students and practitioners will be more involved in prescribing, consulting, and setting regulations/policies regarding this schedule-I controlled substance. This pilot study is aimed to assess the Texas A&M University Health Science Center students’ knowledge and attitude towards MMJ use, as well as identify areas to expand MMJ education opportunities.Methods: Students affiliated with the Texas A&M University Health Science Center (TAMHSC) across all five colleges (College of Dentistry, College of Medicine, College of Nursing, College of Pharmacy, and School of Public Health) were offered to complete a 17-question electronic survey to examine their knowledge on and attitudes towards medical marijuana.Results: One hundred sixty-five students voluntarily completed the survey. Students across five colleges performed consistently poorly in all four categories of knowledge-based questions, including “General”, “Indication”, “Side-effect” and “Formulation". Sixty-nine percent of students (n=112) supported the legalization of marijuana both medically and recreationally; and 24% supported the legalization of marijuana medically only (n=40). Close to two-thirds of students were not satisfied with the level of education on medical marijuana being provided to them. Most students supported the inclusion of education on medical marijuana in the curricula in the next five years ("required curriculum", "Strongly Agree/Agree", n=122, 74%; "elective curriculum", "Strongly Agree/Agree", n=145, 88%).Conclusions: With the legalization of medical marijuana in most U.S. states, we expect to see an increase in the number of patients utilizing this agent. It is important to educate healthcare students as future healthcare providers on the proper dosing, side effects, and indication of medical marijuana. Students across all healthcare professions demonstrated knowledge deficit on this topic, and majority supported the inclusion of more education on medical marijuana within the curricula.