bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the PreOperative Score to predict Post-Operative Mortality (POSPOM) in Dutch non-cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Stolze Annick , van de Garde Ewoudt M. W. , Posthuma Linda M. , Hollmann Markus W. , de Korte-de Boer Dianne , Smit-Fun Valérie M. , Buhre Wolfgang F. F. A. , Boer Christa , Noordzij Peter G. ,   on behalf of the TRACE Study investigators, Buhre Wolfgang F. F. A. , Boer Christa , de Korte-de Boer Dianne , Stolze Annick , Posthuma Linda M. , Smit-Fun Valérie M. , van Kuijk Sander , Noordzij Peter G. , Rinia Myra , Hering Jens-Peter , Veld Bas in’t , Scheffer Gert-Jan , Dirksen Carmen , Boermeester Marja , Bonjer Jaap , Dejong Cees , Hollmann Markus W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Standardized risk assessment tools can be used to identify patients at higher risk for postoperative complications and death. In this study, we validate the PreOperative Score to predict Post-Operative Mortality (POSPOM) for in-hospital mortality in a large cohort of non-cardiac surgery patients. In addition, the performance of POSPOM to predict postoperative complications was studied.

Methods
Data from the control cohort of the TRACE (routine posTsuRgical Anesthesia visit to improve patient outComE) study was analysed. POSPOM scores for each patient were calculated post-hoc. Observed in-hospital mortality was compared with predicted mortality according to POSPOM. Discrimination was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves with C-statistics for in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications. To describe the performance of POSPOM sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive values, and positive predictive values were calculated. For in-hospital mortality, calibration was assessed by a calibration plot.

Results
In 2490 patients, the observed in-hospital mortality was 0.5%, compared to 1.3% as predicted by POSPOM. 27.1% of patients had at least one postoperative complication of which 22.4% had a major complication. For in-hospital mortality, POSPOM showed strong discrimination with a C-statistic of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78–0.93). For the prediction of complications, the discrimination was poor to fair depending on the severity of the complication. The calibration plot showed poor calibration of POSPOM with an overestimation of in-hospital mortality.

Conclusion
Despite the strong discriminatory performance, POSPOM showed poor calibration with an overestimation of in-hospital mortality. Performance of POSPOM for the prediction of any postoperative complication was poor but improved according to severity.
Systematic review and meta-analysis: the advantage of endoscopic Mayo score 0 over 1 in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Viscido Angelo , Valvano Marco , Stefanelli Gianpiero , Capannolo Annalisa , Castellini Chiara , Onori Eugenia , Ciccone Antonio , Vernia Filippo , Latella Giovanni 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Mucosal healing (MH) evaluated by endoscopy is a novel target of therapy in UC as it is associated with improved long-term outcomes. It is defined based on the Mayo endoscopic score (MES), but it is still to define whether a value of MES 0 or 1 should be the target. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a systematic review with meta-analysis which compares long-term outcomes of patients in steroid-free clinical remission with MES 0 with those with MES 1.

Methods
A systematic electronic search of the literature was performed using Medline, Scopus, and CENTRAL through December 2020 (PROSPERO n:CRD42020179333). The studies concerned UC patients, in steroid-free clinical remission, with MES of 0 or 1, and with at least 12-months of follow-up.

Results
Out of 4611 citations, 15 eligible studies were identified. Increases in clinical relapse among patients with MES 1 were observed in all the studies included in this review, suggesting that MES of 1 have a higher risk of relapse than a score of 0. MES 0 patients displayed a lower risk of clinical relapse (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.26–0.43; I2 13%) irrespective of the follow-up time (12-months or longer). On the other hand, no differences were found comparing MES 0 versus MES 1 about the risk of hospitalization or colectomy.

Conclusions
MES 0 is associated with a lower rate of clinical relapse than is MES 1. For this reason, MES 0, rather than MES 0–1, should be considered the therapeutic target for patients with UC.
m1A methylation modification patterns and metabolic characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tong Chengcheng , Wang Wei , He Chiyi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The dysregulation of RNA methylation has been demonstrated to contribute to tumorigenicity and progression in recent years. However, the alteration of N1-methyladenosine (m1A) methylation and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear.

Methods
We systematically investigated the modification patterns of 10 m1A regulators in HCC samples and evaluated the metabolic characteristics of each pattern. A scoring system named the m1Ascore was developed using principal component analysis. The clinical value of the m1Ascore in risk stratification and drug screening was further explored.

Results
Three m1A modification patterns with distinct metabolic characteristics were identified, corresponding to the metabolism-high, metabolism-intermediate and metabolism-excluded phenotypes. Patients were divided into high- or low-m1Ascore groups, and a significant survival difference was observed. External validation confirmed the prognostic value of the m1Ascore. A nomogram incorporating the m1Ascore and other clinicopathological factors was constructed and had good performance for predicting survival. Two agents, mitoxantrone and doxorubicin, were determined to be potential therapeutic drugs for the high-risk group.

Conclusion
This study provided novel insights into m1A modification and metabolic heterogeneity in cancer, promoted risk stratification in the clinic from the perspective of m1A modification, and further guided individual treatment strategies.
Multi-site infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a six-year old girl: a case report
Authors: Xiao Pei , Liu Jing , Yang Xue , Wang Yixue , Chen Weiming , Wang Chuanqing , Liu Qian , Shen Quanli , Lu Guoping , Yan Gangfeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Community-acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is an emerging pathogen that leads to severe outcomes, especially in pediatric patients with multiple sites infection.

Case presentation
We report a case of multiple sites and life-threatening infection caused by CA-MRSA in a 6-year-old girl who manifested sepsis, myelitis, purulent arthritis, purulent meningitis, hydropericardium, pneumonia, and empyema. The girl exhibited good response to the combination therapy of linezolid and rifampicin after treatment failure of vancomycin with maximum dose due to its serum concentration unable to reach therapeutic goal. We performed pleural effusion and hydropericardium effusion drainage and treated left lower limb infection using interdisciplinary approaches.

Conclusion
This case highlights the need to be aware of CA-MRSA infection, which requires accurate diagnosis, identification of infected sites, appropriate antibiotic treatment, and surgical debridement.
Concurrence of cat-scratch disease and paradoxical tuberculosis-IRIS lymphadenopathy: a case report
Authors: Eleftheriotis Gerasimos , Skopelitis Elias 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Mycobacterial infections can cause significant morbidity when cellular immunity is compromised. Patients with AIDS can be affected directly from infection or through mycobacterial IRIS, especially if they are previously untreated for HIV. Herein a case of tuberculous lymphadenitis is reported, which primarily responded to antimicrobials but complicated by IRIS and cat-scratch disease at a later course.

Case presentation
A 23-year-old man, intravenous drug user with untreated HIV and HCV infection presented with fever and painful cervical lymphadenopathy. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from PCR and culture of ultrasound-guided lymph node aspirate and a four-drug anti-TB regimen was subsequently administered, leading to complete resolution of clinical and laboratory abnormalities. Given the patient’s CD4 count (67 cells per mm3), antiretroviral treatment started seven weeks after TB treatment initiation. Within the first month of ART fever recurred along with cervical lymph node inflammation. Paradoxical IRIS was considered as the most probable diagnosis but workup expanded, revealing acute Bartonella infection. A posteriori, the patient remembered being scratched by a stray cat two weeks before his new symptoms started. Doxycycline and corticosteroid monotherapy failed to resolve symptoms, whereas a combination of doxycycline for 3 months and methylprednisolone with long-term tapering led to negative follow-up Bartonella antibodies and complete clinical and biochemical response, without recurrence.

Conclusions
Co-infection with TB and Bartonella presenting with lymphadenitis is unusual. Cat-scratch disease can be a rare clinical presentation of Bartonella infection in patients with AIDS, but coexistence of bartonellosis and paradoxical IRIS has never been reported before. However, physicians treating people living with HIV should be aware of this potential concurrence. Early testing for Bartonella infection could be offered in patients with TB and HIV co-infection in case of acute deterioration or partial response to treatment, especially if they have a history of cat exposure, since clinical picture can be indistinguishable.
Normal pressure hydrocephalus associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report
Authors: Vasconcelos Thaís de Maria Frota , Nóbrega Paulo Ribeiro , Ferreira Glauber de Menezes , de Souza Moysés Loiola Ponte , Vanderlei Alander Sobreira , de Castro José Daniel Vieira , Braga-Neto Pedro , Sobreira-Neto Manoel Alves 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is a pandemic disease responsible for many deaths worldwide. Many neurological manifestations have been described. We report a case of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) 2 months after acute COVID19 infection, in a patient without other risk factors.

Case presentation
A 45-year-old male patient presented an 8-month history of progressive gait disorder and cognitive impairment after being hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was compatible with NPH. A spinal tap test was positive and there was progressive improvement after shunting, with complete resolution of symptoms.

Conclusion
Other infections such as syphilis, cryptococcosis and Lyme disease have been associated with NPH. Possible mechanisms for NPH after COVID include disruption of choroid plexus cells by direct viral invasion or as a result of neuroinflammation and cytokine release and hypercoagulability leading to venous congestion and abnormalities of CSF flow. Given the significance of NPH as a cause of reversible dementia, it is important to consider the possibility of a causal association with COVID19 and understand the mechanisms behind this association.
Herpes simplex encephalitis following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Moslemi Mohammadreza , Ardalan Mohammadreza , Haramshahi Morteza , Mirzaei Homa , Sani Sahba Khosousi , Dastgir Ramtin , Dastgir Nima 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Ever since the administration of early doses of COVID-19 vaccines, instances of adverse effects have been reported. Viral infections, specifically herpes simplex reinfection and coinfections, have been reported following administration of different types of vaccines. To our knowledge, there have not been any reports of herpes simplex encephalitis following administration of any type of COVID-19 vaccine to date.

Case presentation
In this article intends to report a case of herpes simplex encephalitis in a 27-year-old male patient who was vaccinated with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine.

Conclusions
Our study suggests a possible but very rare side effect of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, which requires immediate medical attention and can lead to devastating consequences if left undiagnosed and untreated.
Differentiation between combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of diagnostic performance between ultrasomics-based model and CEUS LI-RADS v2017
Authors: Li Chao-qun , Zheng Xin , Guo Huan-ling , Cheng Mei-qing , Huang Yang , Xie Xiao-yan , Lu Ming-de , Kuang Ming , Wang Wei , Chen Li-da 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The imaging findings of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (CHC) may be similar to those of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CEUS LI-RADS may not perform well in distinguishing CHC from HCC. Studies have shown that radiomics has an excellent imaging analysis ability. This study aimed to establish and confirm an ultrasomics model for differentiating CHC from HCC.

Methods
Between 2004 and 2016, we retrospectively identified 53 eligible CHC patients and randomly included 106 eligible HCC patients with a ratio of HCC:CHC = 2:1, all of whom were categorized according to Contrast-Enhanced (CE) ultrasonography (US) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2017. The model based on ultrasomics features of CE US was developed in 74 HCC and 37 CHC and confirmed in 32 HCC and 16 CHC. The diagnostic performance of the LI-RADS or ultrasomics model was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.

Results
In the entire and validation cohorts, 67.0% and 81.3% of HCC cases were correctly assigned to LR-5 or LR-TIV contiguous with LR-5, and 73.6% and 87.5% of CHC cases were assigned to LR-M correctly. Up to 33.0% of HCC and 26.4% of CHC were misclassified by CE US LI-RADS. A total of 90.6% of HCC as well as 87.5% of CHC correctly diagnosed by the ultrasomics model in the validation cohort. The AUC, accuracy, sensitivity of the ultrasomics model were higher though without significant difference than those of CE US LI-RADS in the validation cohort.

Conclusion
The proposed ultrasomics model showed higher ability though the difference was not significantly different for differentiating CHC from HCC, which may be helpful in clinical diagnosis.
The effect of blister packaging Iron and Folate on adherence to medication and hemoglobin levels among pregnant women at National Referral Hospital antenatal clinics in a low to middle income country: a Randomised Controlled Trial (The IFAd Trial)
Authors: Byamugisha Josaphat , Adero Nancy , Kiwanuka Tusuubira S. , Nalwadda Christine K. , Ntuyo Peter , Namagembe Imelda , Nabunya Evelyn , Nakirijja Emily , Mwadime-Ngolo Robert , Mukasa David Christopher , Ononge Sam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionAnemia in pregnancy is an important global public health problem. It is estimated that 38% of pregnant women worldwide are anemic. In Africa, literature from observational studies show 20% of maternal deaths are attributed to anemia. In Uganda, 50% of pregnant women have iron deficiency anaemia. The proportion of pregnant women receiving Iron-Folic acid (IFA) supplementation has improved. However, the number of IFA pills consumed is still low. We carried out a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of dispensing blister and loose packaged IFA pills on adherence measured by count on next return visit and hemoglobin levels among pregnant women at two National Referral Hospitals in Kampala, Uganda.MethodsThis trial was conducted between April and October 2016. Nine hundred fifty pregnant women at ≤28 weeks were randomized to either the blister (intervention arm) or loose (control arm) packaged IFA. The participants completed the baseline measurements and received 30 pills of IFA at enrolment to swallow one pill per day. We assessed adherence by pill count and measured hemoglobin at four and 8 weeks. The results were presented using both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis.ResultsThere were 474 participants in the control and 478 in the intervention arms. Adherence to IFA intake was similar in the two groups at 4th week (40.6 and 39.0%,p = 0.624) and 8th week (51.9 and 46.8%,p = 0.119). The mean hemoglobin level at 4 weeks was higher in the blister than in the loose packaging arms (11.9 + 1.1 g/dl and 11.8 + 1.3 g/dl, respectively;p = 0.02), however, similar at week 8 (12.1 + 1.2 and 12.0 + 1.3, respectively;p = 0.23). However, over the 8-week period blister packaging arm had a higher change in hemoglobin level compared to loose package (blister package 0.6 ± 1.0; loose packaging 0.2 ± 1.1; difference: 0.4 g/dL (95% CI: 0.24–0.51 g/dL);p = 0.001. There were no serious adverse events.ConclusionsOur results showed no effect of blister packaging on IFA adherence among pregnant women. However, our findings showed that blister packaged group had a higher hemoglobin increase compared to loose iron group.Trial registrationNo.PACTR201707002436264(20 /07/ 2017).
Improved urine DNA methylation panel for early bladder cancer detection
Authors: Fang Qixun , Zhang Xu , Nie Qing , Hu Jianqiang , Zhou Shujun , Wang Chaojun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundBladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies but the corresponding diagnostic methods are either invasive or limited in specificity and/or sensitivity. This study aimed to develop a urine-based methylation panel for bladder cancer detection by improving published panels and validate performance of the new panel with clinical samples.MethodsRelated researches were reviewed and 19 potential panels were selected. RRBS was performed on a cohort with 45 samples to reassess these panels and a new panel inherited best markers was developed. The new panel was applied with qMSP platform to 33 samples from the RRBS cohort and the results were compared to those of RRBS. Lastly, another larger cohort with 207 samples was used to validate new panel performance with qMSP.ResultsThree biomarkers (PCDH17, POU4F2 and PENK) were selected to construct a new panel P3. P3 panel achieved 100% specificity and 71% sensitivity with RRBS in corresponding cohort and then showed a better performance of 100% specificity and 84% sensitivity with qMSP platforms in a balanced cohort. When validated with 207-sample cohort, P3 with qMSP showed a performance of 97% specificity and 87% sensitivity which was modestly improved compared to the panels it derided from.ConclusionsOverall, the P3 panel achieved relatively high sensitivity and accuracy in bladder cancer detection.
Orbital subperiosteal hematoma associated with frontal and ethmoidal sinusitis
Authors: Kim Jonghyun , Lee Hyunkyu , Baek Sehyun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
We report a rare case of orbital subperiosteal hematoma associated with frontal and ethmoidal sinusitis. Common concerns involving the orbital subperiosteal space include abscess, hematoma and tumor.

Case presentation
A patient presented to our clinic with periorbital swelling and limited extraocular muscle movement in her left eye. Computed tomography revealed a superior subperiosteal mass with frontal and ethmoidal sinusitis. We diagnosed the patient with subperiosteal hematoma and surgical evacuation was performed via superior orbitotomy. Brown serous discharge was drained and biopsy demonstrated fibrin clots. The final diagnosis was orbital subperiosteal hematoma and the patient was discharged with symptoms resolved.

Conclusion
Orbital subperiosteal hematoma is difficult to distinguish from abscess owing to its rarity and similar presentation. Computed tomography is helpful in diagnosis, and surgical evacuation during the early stages is essential to achieving a good outcome.
Half-life time prediction of developing first-line antiretroviral treatment failure and its risk factors among TB and HIV co-infected children in Northwest Ethiopia; multi setting historical follow-up study
Authors: Chanie Ermias Sisay , Muche Achenef Asmamaw , Gobeza Mengistu Berhanu , Alemu Eshetie Molla , Addis Wondimnew Desalegn , Azanaw Melkalem Mamuye , Gebremariam Alemayehu Digssie , Tesfa Desalegn , Engidaw Melaku Tadege , Atikilit Getaneh , AbebawTiruneh Sofonyas , Arage Getachew 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Even though treatment failure is higher among TB and HIV infected children in a resource-limited setting, there is no prior evidence in general and in the study area in particular. Hence, this study was aimed at determining the half-life time prediction of developing first-line antiretroviral treatment failure and its risk factors among TB and HIV co-infected children.

Methods
A historical follow-up study was employed among 239 TB and HIV co-infected children from January 2010-December 2020. The data was entered into Epi data version 4.2.2 and exported to STATA 14.0 Software for analysis. The Kaplan-Meier plot was used to estimate the half-life time to develop treatment failure. The required assumption was fulfilled for each predictor variable. Additionally, those variables having a p-value ≤0.25 in the bivariable analysis were fitted into a multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression model. P-value, < 0.05 was used to declare a significant association.

Results
A total of 239 TB and HIV co-infected children were involved in this study. The overall half-life time to develop first treatment failure was found to be 101 months, with a total of 1027.8 years’ follow-up period. The incidence rate and proportion of developing first-line treatment failure were 5.5 per 100 PPY (Person-Year) [CI (confidence interval): 3.7, 6.9] 100 PPY and 23.8% (CI; 18.8, 29.7) respectively. Factors such as hemoglobin 10 mg/dl [AHR (Adjusted Hazard Ratio): 3.2 (95% CI: 1.30, 7.73), severe acute malnutrition [AHR: 3.8 (95% CI: 1.51, 79.65), World Health Organization stage IV [AHR: 2.4 (95% CI: 1.15, 4.93)], and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis non user [AHR: 2.3 (95% CI: 1.14, 4.47)] were found to be a risk factor to develop treatment failure.

Conclusion
In this study, the half-life time to develop first-line treatment failure was found to be very low. In addition, the incidence was found to be very high. The presence of hemoglobin 10 mg/dl, severe acute malnutrition, World Health Organization stage, and non-use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis were discovered to be risk factors for treatment failure. Further prospective cohort and qualitative studies should be conducted to improve the quality of care in paediatric ART clinics to reduce the incidence or burden of first line treatment failure among TB and HIV co-infected children.
Exploring social emotion processing in autism: evaluating the reading the mind in the eyes test using network analysis
Authors: Li Tai-Shan , Gau Susan Shur-Fen , Chou Tai-Li 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundFeatures of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) include difficulties in processing and interpreting socioemotional information. The "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test (RMET) is a validated measurement for processing socioemotional ability. However, previous RMET studies did not explore patterns of incorrect answers and the emotional valence of the test items. This study used the Taiwanese version of the RMET and the network analysis methods to examine the differences in underlying mechanisms of socioemotional processes between 30 males with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (mean age = 18 years) and 30 healthy control males (mean age = 17 years). For each test item, a picture of a person's eyes and partial face was shown with four words describing the emotional status on picture corners. Participants were instructed to choose one of the four words that best matched the person's thinking or feeling. We further classified the words into three valences of emotional categories to examine socioemotional processes.ResultsOur results showed that ASD males performed poorer on the RMET than the controls. ASD males had higher network density and in-degree scores, especially in negative words, than control males.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that males with ASD might have deficits in mapping the best emotional concept words to the target item, especially for processing negative emotion.