bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grammar in ‘agrammatical’ aphasia: What’s intact?
Authors: Zhang Han , Hinzen Wolfram 
Published: December 2022

Background
Aphasia following cerebro-vascular accidents has been a primary source of insight for models of language in the brain. However, deviant language patterns in aphasia may reflect processing limitations and cognitive impairment more than language impairment per se.

Aims
We sought to obtain new evidence from spontaneous speech in Broca’s aphasia (BA) for the intactness of grammatical knowledge, operationalized as the preservation of the basic hierarchical structure of syntactic projections.

Methods & procedures
Speech obtained with the AphasiaBank protocol from 20 people with BA, which were independently rated as also being agrammatic, was analyzed and compared to 20 matched non-brain-damaged controls. We quantified (i) marking of Aspect, Tense, and Modality (A-T-M), which are located at specific (high) layers of the syntactic hierarchy and ordered in relation to one another ([M…[T…[A…]]]); (ii) hierarchies of clausal units ([C…[C]]); (iii) discourse markers embedding clauses, located at the highest layer of the hierarchy; and (iv) attachment of adjuncts at different heights of a given hierarchical syntactic structure. Supplementary evidence was obtained from a typology of errors and from pauses subcategorized according to their hierarchical syntactic position.

Outcomes & results
Groups did not quantitatively differ on rates of either Aspect or Modality but underproduced T and embedded clauses. Evidence for compensatory effects was seen in both of the latter two cases. While all adjunct types were underproduced in BA, and pauses overproduced, both showed the same relative proportions within both groups. Errors were largely restricted to omissions, of a kind that would also be expected in condensed neurotypical speech.

Conclusions
Overall, these patterns support the hypothesis of intactness of grammatical knowledge in BA clinically rated as agrammatic, questioning it as a disease model of language impairment.
Reflexos do sincretismo religioso chinês na iconografia Tang
Authors: Fialho Fausto 
Published: December 2022

No percurso do Budismo Mahāyāna entre a Índia e a China, via Rota da Seda terrestre, a sua mitologia e iconografia alteraram-se. De facto, o Budismo absorveu aspetos religioso-artísticos de outros contextos. Assim, os Lokapalas refletem estas mudanças.
Na Índia, migraram do Bramanismo para o Budismo, mantendo atributos prévios, adquiriram uma aura protetora de Siddhartha Gautama e da fé budista. Na Ásia Central, militarizaram-se. Na China, devido à força centrípeta da sua cultura, o Budismo adaptou-se à sua religiosidade.
Neste artigo, pretende-se refletir sobre os processos sincréticos, através da análise das transmissões e transformações religiosas que estas figuras sofreram na Rota da Seda.
Alternativas de estandarización para índices compuestos espacio-temporales. El caso del rezago educativo en los estados de México, 2000 a 2020
Authors: Treviño Cantú Jesús Antonio 
Published: December 2022

Los investigadores de índices compuestos han detectado y tratado de eliminar, con poco éxito hasta ahora, la ponderación implícita de los datos porque generan índices distorsionados. El origen de esta distorsión suele adjudicarse a las variables con distinto rango de valores, al valor máximo y mínimo desigual entre ellas o a la de asimetría de cada variable. El procedimiento para abordar este triple reto es la estandarización de los datos. A la fecha no hay un procedimiento de este tipo que corrija simultáneamente este triple problema y, con ello, la ponderación implícita. El igual máximo y mínimo entre variables resuelve el problema de rangos desiguales, pero no corrige la asimetría en cada una de ellas. El rango igual entre variables no implica igual máximo y mínimo entre ellas ni garantiza simetría en cada variable. Finalmente, la corrección de la asimetría en cada variable no implica igual máximo y mínimo ni igual rango entre variables.
El objetivo del presente estudio es sugerir e ilustrar un procedimiento de estandarización de variables que elimina la ponderación implícita de cada variable. Las estandarizaciones revisadas en este trabajo para elaborar índices compuestos resuelven solo de forma parcial el problema de la ponderación implícita por lo que este trabajo propone un procedimiento de estandarización que resuelve simultáneamente el triple reto impuesto por los rangos disparejos, los máximos y mínimos desiguales y la asimetría. El nuevo procedimiento propuesto, la estandarización balanceada, soluciona el problema de la ponderación implícita en el tiempo y el espacio, en la agregación transversal y longitudinal de las variables de las distintas unidades de observación. Este trabajo ilustra el procedimiento de estandarización propuesto con las variables del rezago educativo en los estados de México. La metodología propuesta es aplicable a cualquier tema donde la estandarización espacio temporal sea necesaria.
THE SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX AND THE SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC MATRIX-BASED APPROACHES FOR STUDYING THE SOCIOECONOMICS OF AGEING
Authors: SANTOS Susana 
Published: December 2022

In looking for empirical evidence about the activity of countries, a proposal is made for studying (measuring and modelling) the activity of countries through the use of Social Accounting Matrices (SAMs) and Socio-Demographic Matrices (SDMs).
SAMs and SDMs are presented as tools that have specific features for conducting studies in several different areas, particularly in the Socio-Economics of Ageing, as well as for supporting policy decision processes.
Based on methodological principles that are derived mainly from the works of Richard Stone, emphasis is placed on the desirability of working in a matrix format, which includes not only people (SDM), but also, at the same time, activities, products, factors of production and institutions (SAM). This is considered to be a way of capturing the relevant network of linkages and the corresponding multiplier effects for the subsequent modelling of the activity of the countries studied. The exposition of this proposal is accompanied by an example applied to Portugal.
Networks in context: the concept of network in Manuel Castells’ theory of the network society
Authors: ANTTIROIKO Ari-Veikko 
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the conceptualization of network in Manuel Castells’ theory of network society.
Networks appeared in Castells’ works in the late 1980s, when he became interested in the configuration of the
relationships between technology, economy, and society. The culmination of this phase was his opus magnum,
The Information Age trilogy, which introduced network as a key concept of his macro theory, even though he
remained laconic about the concept itself. This is paradoxical, for Castells became possibly the most prominent
figure globally in adopting network terminology in macro sociological theory, but at the same time made hardly
any empirical, theoretical or methodological contribution to social network analysis or network theory in general.
This implies that ‘network’ in Castells’ social theory is based on institutional network analysis. Moreover, it is not
an analytical concept but rather a powerful metaphor that served to capture his idea of the new social
morphology of informational capitalism.
Ausbau der Freiflächen-Photovoltaik. Unterstützungs- und Steuerungsmöglichkeiten der Bundesraumordnung und Landesplanung
Authors: Von Seht Hauke 
Published: December 2022

Ground-mounted photovoltaic systems have the potential to become one of the central elements of the coming energy system. The German federal government is now planning a significant and rapid expansion. However, the extent to which appropriate planning and measures take place in regions and municipalities will also depend on the spatial planning regulations of the federal and state governments. This paper explains that considerable support and control options are available to accompany expansion efforts. Cross-references to the Renewable Energy Sources Act and the Building Code are also shown and it is explained that the different types of ground-mounted photovoltaic systems may partially require a differentiated approach.
Corporate Control and Exceptions to Minimum Corporate Taxation: A Step Toward Fairness or Financialisation?
Authors: Biondi Yuri 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The European Commission is currently seeking to implement the OECD/G20 agreement on minimum corporate taxation, in view to ensuring a minimum effective tax rate on large multinational corporate groups and protecting the level playing field for business and society. In fact, the proposed ruling introduces scope exceptions for groups directly or indirectly controlled by governmental entities, non-profit organisations, and investment and pension funds. These scope exceptions may provide incentives for controlling parties to restructure the corporate group in view to avoid taxation, if the minimum effective tax threshold is constraining and material. Furthermore, it may provide a tax competitive advantage for groups controlled by those parties.
Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of expectations and needs of engineering students and graduates: a case study at the University of West Bohemia
Authors: Wróblewski Bartłomiej , Petrenko Olesya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A good command of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) among Czech engineers seems to be of crucial importance since the engineering field has been developing rapidly and the Czech labour market is becoming increasingly international (Eurostat 2020). The authors of this article, who supervise the ESP courses offered to the students of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (FST) at the University of West Bohemia (UWB) in Pilsen (Czech Republic), attempt to meet the changing needs of the engineering field by conducting needs analyses among students, university graduates and prospective employers, and keeping their ESP courses’ syllabi up-to-date and relevant to their engineering students. This paper presents a comparative analysis of a questionnaire that was distributed in the year 2021 among UWB engineering students and graduates. Having analysed the responses that dealt with graduates’ needs and students’ expectations of using ESP in a workplace, the authors noticed several discrepancies between the answers they received from the students and those they received from the graduates. Based on the analysis, a hypothesis that current students sometimes have misconceptions about their future work life has been formulated. To confirm this hypothesis, in the next stage of the research, selected students and graduates are to be interviewed to gather additional information. The authors also wish to examine this hypothesis by having prospective engineering employers reply to the same survey questions.
Local Discontinuous Galerkin Method for a Third-Order Singularly Perturbed Problem of Convection-Diffusion Type
Authors: Yan Li , Wang Zhoufeng , Cheng Yao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method is studied for a third-order singularly perturbed problem of convection-diffusion type.
Based on a regularity assumption for the exact solution, we prove almost

O
⁢

(

N

-

(

k
+

1
2

)

)

{O(N^{-(k+\frac{1}{2})})}

(up to a logarithmic factor) energy-norm convergence uniformly in the perturbation parameter.
Here,

k
≥
0

{k\geq 0}

is the maximum degree of piecewise polynomials
used in discrete space, and N is the number of mesh elements.
The results are valid for the three types of layer-adapted meshes:
Shishkin-type, Bakhvalov–Shishkin-type, and Bakhvalov-type.
Numerical experiments are conducted to test the theoretical results.
The New Greek Companies Act – Greek Company Law: Made in Greece or in Europe?
Authors: Perakis Evanghelos 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Greek Company Law has its origins in the French “Code de Commerce” of 1807, which, although never legislated in Greece, applied as a Greek law to the business transactions even before the Greek Independence (1830). The German influence took over progressively early in the 20
th
century. Such influence is visible in the important Law on SAs (1920), the chapter of the Greek Civil Code on the contract of society (1946) and more recently in Law 4072/2012 on commercial partnerships. The list of business associations available in Greece includes the usual business forms (general and limited partnerships, silent partnership, and capital companies) provided in continental Europe. Recent legislative developments include a new law on SAs (2018) and a new company form, the Private Company (2012), which is mostly used by small and medium entreprises. The Greek Sarl is fading out. The introduction of a new entity has been envisaged (but not yet adopted), imitating the “individual enterprise with limited liability” of French law.
Thermodynamic calculation of phase equilibria in the Al–Fe–Zn–O system
Authors: Matsumoto Naoki , Tokunaga Tatsuya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The thermodynamics of the phase equilibria in the Al–Fe–Zn–O quaternary system was studied using the calculation of phase diagrams method to understand the oxidation behavior of the Zn bath surface during galvanizing process. The thermodynamic parameters for the Gibbs energies of the different constituent phases in the binary and ternary systems relevant to this quaternary system were taken mainly from previous studies. In this study, the thermodynamic assessment of the Al2O3–ZnO system was carried out based on the available experimental data, and some modifications to the thermodynamic model and/or parameters for the Fe–Zn–O ternary system were made to maintain consistency with the thermodynamic descriptions of other binary and ternary systems, making up the Al–Fe–Zn–O quaternary system adopted in this study. The calculated results on the ternary and quaternary systems generally agreed with the available experimental results on phase equilibria. The set of thermodynamic parameters enabled us to calculate the phase equilibria in the Al–Fe–Zn–O quaternary system over the entire composition and temperature ranges.
Neo-Stoic Correctives to Neo-Platonic Love Affairs: Subversive Imitation of the Eclogues of Garcilaso de la Vega in Francisco de Sá de Miranda’s Alexo, Celia, and Andrés
Authors: Clark Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article explores Francisco de Sá de Miranda’s imitation of Garcilaso de la Vega’s Égloga primera, Égloga segunda, and Égloga tercera, evidencing how the Portuguese seizes upon the neo-Platonic love affairs of the Spaniard’s poems and corrects them, with recourse to neo-Stoic thought, in three of his own eclogues — Alexo, Celia, and Andrés —, which respectively explore the maddening and lustful love suffered by a shepherd, whose infatuation echoes that of Albanio in Garcilaso’s Égloga segunda, for a nymph, who, on love’s command, perversely enchants the waters of a fountain to inebriate his shepherd companions; a shepherd’s hopeless longing for his deceased Celia, a counterpart to the Elisa of Garcilaso’s Égloga primera, who offers a cutting, but prudent, neo-Stoic reproach of her lover’s attempts to envisage a spiritual reunion; and a shepherd’s deception by the cruellest of women Pascuala, who is likened to several ‘perverted women’ of the classical and biblical worlds — Pasiphae, Eriphyle, and Delilah — in a series of descriptions that recall the ekphrases of the Égloga tercera.
A arenga militar proferida por D. Juan de Austria na Felicissima victoria de Jerónimo Corte Real
Authors: Henriques Luís Miguel F. 
Published: December 2022

Resumo
Neste artigo, analisa-se a receção de um discurso que remonta à épica homérica –a arenga militar– por parte de Jerónimo Corte Real, no Canto IX, do poema heroico Felicissima victoria. Trata-se do discurso proferido por D. Juan de Austria aos seus capitães nos prolegómenos da Batalha de Lepanto, quando o temor ia grassando no seio da armada, diante da congénere otomana. A fim de restaurar a confiança dos imediatos, o general pronuncia uma extensa alocução, cuja estrutura formal e substancial se filia no modelo dúctil de arenga criado por Tucídides e imitado por gerações de historiadores e poetas. Assim, em particular, procede-se à análise quer da dispositio quer da argumentatio dos diferentes topoi retóricos eleitos pelo orador para convencer o auditório a enfrentar o Turco.
Improving practicing nurses’ knowledge and perceptions of older people: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Law Joanna , Dahlke Sherry , Butler Jeffrey I. , Hunter Kathleen F. , Martin Lori Schindel , Pietrosanu Matthew 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to determine if an e-learning module about understanding and communicating with older people can improve practicing nurses’ ageist perceptions about older people.

Methods
We used a quasi-experimental pre-post-test design. Participants completed a 13-item Ambivalent Ageism Scale before and after completing the Understanding and Communicating with Older People e-learning module as well as a Likert-style feedback survey with the option for written feedback on an open-ended question.

Results
Pre-post-test comparisons indicated a statistically significant decrease in ageist attitudes and self-reported increases in knowledge and confidence in working with older people. Qualitative analysis of written feedback revealed that most participants felt the module enhanced their understanding of older people.

Conclusions
The e-learning activity has the potential to improve practicing nurses’ knowledge and perceptions about working with older people and is likely to be associated with better patient-level outcomes.
Comparison of fibre reorientation of short-and long-fibre reinforced polypropylene by injection molding with a rotating mold core
Authors: Land Philipp , Krumpholz Thorsten , Heim Hans-Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With a rotating mold core during the injection molding of fibre-reinforced plastics, the rotational shear caused by the rotation is superimposed on the injection-induced shear. This allows the fibre orientation in this area to be intentionally manipulated so that, for example, in the case of internal pressure loading, the fibres can be oriented in the tangential main loading direction. This paper deals with the impact of a rotating mold core on the fibre orientation and burst strength of short-and long-fibre-reinforced polypropylene. It is shown that the fibre orientation and strength can be significantly influenced for both short and long fibres, whereby increases in bursting strength of mostly over 80%, in some cases over 200%, could be achieved. The ultimate strength depends, among other things, on the wall thickness used and the fibre content. Major differences between the short-and long-fibre-reinforced polypropylene are less evident in the strength and more in the fibre orientation.
Ionospheric scintillation characteristics from GPS observations over Malaysian region after the 2011 Valentine’s day solar flare
Authors: Seif Aramesh , Panda Sampad Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ionospheric scintillations due to plasma irregularities can severely affect the modern dynamic and technological systems whose operations rely on satellite-based navigation systems. We investigate the occurrence of ionospheric scintillation in the equatorial and low latitude region over Malaysia after the 2011 Valentine’s Day solar flare. A network of three Global Ionospheric Scintillation and Total Electron Content Monitor (GISTM) GSV4004B receivers with increasing latitudes from the magnetic equator were used to monitor ionospheric TEC, rate of change of TEC index (ROTI), and amplitude (S4) as well as phase (σ
φ) scintillation indices. The results show a simultaneous sudden rise in S4 and σ
φ along with a significant depletion of TEC at all three locations. However, the largest enhancement of scintillation indices accompanying a substantial TEC depletion is observed at the farthest low latitude station (UNIMAS) from the equator with values around 0.5, 0.3 rad, and 1 TECU, respectively. The corresponding values at the near-equatorial station (Langkawi; 0.4, 0.2 rad, and 3 TECU) and intermediate station (UKM; 0.45, 0.3 rad, and 5 TECU) are examined along with ROTI variations, confirming the simultaneous occurrence of kilometer-scale and sub kilometer scale irregularities during 17 and 18 February 2011. The radiation effects of the solar flare on the ionosphere were prominently recognized at the local nighttime hours (around 14:00 to 17:00 UT) coinciding with the equatorial prereversal enhancement (PRE) time to seed the equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) enhancement that resulted in ionospheric irregularities over the low latitudes. The significant TEC depletion seen in the signals from selected GPS satellites (PRNs 11, 19, 23, and 32) suggests plausible degradation in the performance of GPS-based services over the Malaysian region. The study provides an effective understanding of the post-flare ionospheric irregularities during an episode of minor geomagnetic storm period and aligns with the efforts for mitigating the scintillation effects in space-based radio services over low latitudes.
Overcoming Original Sin
Authors: Shin Hyun Song , von Peter Goetz 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper draws on newly expanded BIS government bond statistics to document how emerging market sovereigns have reduced their reliance on foreign currency denominated bonds since the emerging market crises of the 1990s. With external funding still important for emerging market governments, they have increasingly been able to borrow from foreign investors in their domestic currency. In this respect, emerging market governments are overcoming “Original Sin”. The flipside of these developments is that foreign investors increasingly bear the currency risk associated with fluctuations in emerging market exchange rates, making foreign investors’ portfolio decisions more sensitive to prevailing global financial conditions. Emerging markets thus remain vulnerable to reversals of investor sentiment in bond markets, whether or not they have outstanding debt in foreign currency.
Outcomes of children with severe diabetic ketoacidosis managed outside of a pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Raleigh Zoe T. , Drapkin Zachary A. , Al-Hamad Dania M. , Mutyala Krishnamallika , Masih Jasmine R. , Raman Vandana S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes. Our objective was to determine if children with severe DKA without alteration in mental status can be managed safely on a general children’s medical unit.

Methods
Single center retrospective study of 191 patient encounters among 168 children admitted to the children’s medical unit (CMU) at Primary Children’s Hospital between 2007 and 2017 with severe DKA (pH <7.1 and/or bicarbonate <5 mmol/L). Chart review identified complications including death, transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU), incidence of cerebral edema, and hypoglycemia. We compared patients requiring ICU transfer with those who did not with respect to demographics, laboratory findings at presentation, therapeutic interventions, length of stay, and cost.

Results
Of 191 patient encounters, there were 0 deaths (0%, 95% CI 0–2.4%), 22 episodes of alteration of mental status concerning for developing cerebral edema (11.5%, 95% CI 7.7–16.9%), 19 ICU transfers (10%, 95% CI 6.4–15.1%), and 7 episodes of hypoglycemia (3.7%, 95% CI 1.6–7.5%). ICU transfer was associated lower initial pH (7.03 ± 0.06 vs. 7.07 ± 0.07, p<0.05), increased length of stay (3.0 ± 0.8 vs. 2.2 ± 0.9 days, p<0.05), and increased cost of hospitalization (mean ± SD $8,073 ± 2,042 vs. $5,217 ± 1,697, p<0.05).

Conclusions
The majority of children with severe DKA without alteration in mental status can be managed safely on a medical unit. Implementing a pH cutoff may identify high-risk patients that require ICU level of care.