bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is everything relative? A survey of the theory of matching tournaments
Authors: Hopkins Ed 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper surveys the theory of matching tournaments, and shows how they can be used to understand how the social environment influences economic decision making. Matching tournaments are games in which players choose efforts or investments before entering a matching market in which attractiveness depends on these investments. This results in rat‐race‐like competition even in large populations, inducing a concern for relative position and resulting in higher effort than in the absence of competition. However, when both sides of the market invest, the result surprisingly can be socially efficient. Applications and extensions are discussed.
Alteration of tight junctions during botulinum toxin type A‐inhibited salivary secretion
Authors: Mao Qian‐Ying , Xie Shang , Wu Li‐Ling , Xiang Ruo‐Lan , Cai Zhi‐Gang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTight junctions (TJs) are involved in the regulation of salivary secretion via paracellular pathway. Botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) is widely used for the treatment of hypersecretion diseases such as sialorrhea. This study aimed to investigate the role of TJs in BTXA‐inhibited secretion of the submandibular gland (SMG).Materials and MethodsBTXA was injected into the SMGs of rats, and the same amount of saline was injected as a control. Western blot, real‐time PCR, and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression and distribution of TJ proteins. Paracellular permeability was evaluated using the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) measurements and fluorescent tracer detection in BTXA‐stimulated SMG‐C6 cells.ResultsBTXA injection into the SMGs of rats led to increased expression of claudin (Cldn) −1 and Cldn3. Immunofluorescence staining showed no significant changes in the distribution of TJ proteins. In vitro, BTXA increased the TER values and significantly reduced the permeability of fluorescent tracer, suggesting that BTXA decreased the paracellular permeability. The expression levels of Cldn1, Cldn3, and Cldn4 were upregulated after BTXA treatment.ConclusionThe expression of TJ proteins changed in both animal models and SMG‐C6 cells after BTXA treatment, which may contribute to the inhibition of salivary secretion.
Mutual enjoyment in older couples' conversations and its links to marital satisfaction
Authors: Reimnitz Siera J. , Rauer Amy J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to explore how much mutual enjoyment was observed when couples communicated across multiple types of discussions and how it predicted older spouses' concurrent and future marital satisfaction. Using a sample of happily married, older couples followed over a year (NT1 = 64 couples, NT2 = 55 couples), the current study used both self‐reports and observations of couples interacting in three different conversational tasks (marital reminiscence task, problem‐solving task, and a health support task) to capture mutual enjoyment. A series of Actor‐Partner Interdependence Models revealed that when couples were observed mutually enjoying the conversation more, both spouses reported being more maritally satisfied concurrently. The associations between enjoyment and later satisfaction, however, appeared dependent on both the partner's gender and the topic of the conversation.
Capacity management for a leasing system with different equipment and batch demands
Authors: Yang Xufeng , Jiao Wen , Zhang Juliang , Yan Hong 
Published: April 2022

This work explores the admission and capacity allocation for a leasing system with two types of equipment and three kinds of batch demands: elementary specified, premium specified, and unspecified demands. The demands arrive following mutually independent Poisson processes, and the rental duration of equipment follows a negative exponential distribution. The lessor can satisfy partially the specified demands with the required type of equipment and satisfy partially the unspecified demands with any type of equipment. The objective is to maximize the expected discounted revenue. We formulate this problem as a Markov decision process, prove the anti‐multimodularity of the value function, and characterize the structure of the optimal policy. We show that the optimal policy has a simple structure and is characterized by state‐dependent rationing and priority thresholds. Moreover, a solution algorithm is proposed to calculate the optimal policy. We study the impacts of the system state on the optimal action and find that the optimal action has limited sensitivity to the system state. Numerical studies are conducted to compare the performance of the optimal policy with that of two heuristic methods and to derive some managerial insights by analysis. We further discuss batch acceptance.
Creating entrances to tree cavities attracts hollow‐dependent fauna: proof of concept
Authors: Ellis Murray V. , Taylor Jennifer E. , Rhind Susan G. 
Published: April 2022

Redressing the paucity of tree hollows is essential for conservation of hollow‐dependent fauna in many landscapes around the world. We describe a method of accelerating availability of natural hollows in regenerating landscapes by mechanically creating entrances in tree stems that have existing voids or internal decay but have not yet developed entrances. We trialed this method in woodland and forest of south‐eastern Australia in 39 stems in the closely related tree genera Eucalyptus and Angophora. Exploratory drilling of 10‐mm diameter holes was used to detect the presence of internal decay or voids. We then drilled 40‐, 65‐, or 90‐mm diameter entrance holes, depending on the size of the potential cavity, 2.4–4.8 m above ground level. Camera traps showed that drilled entrances were investigated or used within hours of creation. A diverse suite of invertebrates, reptiles, mammals, and birds were recorded entering or leaving entrances, including threatened species. All 39 holes were used by animals with up to six vertebrate taxa using some entrances. Two bird species excavated material from within cavities, and three species of marsupial were recorded taking nesting material into the cavities. This trial provides evidence that adding entrances to currently inaccessible internal cavities in trees has potential to accelerate development of habitat for hollow‐dependent fauna, particularly in regenerating vegetation.
Defining disability and the role of the disability and the medical communities
Authors: Mosquera Julia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDefinitions of disability are useful for different purposes and carry normative significance. However, defining disability has proven a difficult task. Communities with different theoretical backgrounds and practical aims disagree about how to define disability. Recently, Chong‐Ming Lim (2018) has attempted to define disability in a manner accommodating of the different interests and theoretical commitments of the disability and the medical communities. His account aims at broadening Elizabeth Barnes' (2016) definition of disability, which is not sufficiently inclusive of the interests of the medical community and leaves out cases other than physical disabilities. Under the most plausible interpretation of his account, however, the account becomes more restrictive than that of Barnes. In this paper, I propose instead two kinds of accounts: a disjunctive one based on a reinterpretation of Lim's, and a cluster concept account of disability. Both accounts can avoid the restrictiveness problem faced by Lim's and Barnes' original accounts.
Effects of a 0.3% cholesterol diet and a 20% fat diet on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in Quaker parrots (Myiopsitta monachus)
Authors: Beaufrère Hugues , Stark Ken D. , Wood R. Darren 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundLipid disorders are common in captive psittacine birds, but associated changes in blood lipids and lipoproteins have not been well characterized. The Quaker parrot is prone to dyslipidemia and has been extensively used as an experimental model.ObjectivesWe aimed to study the effects of a 0.3% cholesterol diet and a 20% fat diet on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in Quaker parrots.MethodsTwo crossover studies were performed with each diet. During each study, 12 parrots were divided into two groups fed the treatment or control diet for 2 weeks. After a 2‐month wash‐out period, the groups were reversed. At the end of each period, plasma lipidomics and lipoprotein profiling were performed. Data were analyzed by univariate tests adjusted for false discovery rates, volcano plots, and enrichment analyses.ResultsThe cholesterol diet induced changes in many plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Total cholesterol and cholesteryl esters were significantly and markedly elevated. Ceramides were the second subclass of lipids that were elevated. Several glycerophosphocholines, sphingomyelins, and one diacylglycerol were also significantly elevated, albeit to a lesser magnitude. All lipoproteins were elevated, with the greatest increase seen in non‐HDL. The fat diet mainly resulted in a decrease in plasma glycerolipids and an increase in acylcarnitines. Lipoprotein plasma levels remained unchanged.ConclusionsQuaker parrots fed a 0.3% cholesterol diet showed profound and complex dyslipidemic changes that could be used to further study lipid disorders and their management in psittacine birds. A 20% fat diet higher in n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids did not lead to dyslipidemia.
Exposure–Efficacy Analyses Support Optimal Dosing Regimens of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Participants with Hospital-Acquired/Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia in ASPECT-NP
Authors: Gao Wei , Passarell Julie , Patel Yogesh T. , Zhang Zufei , Lin Gina , Fiedler-Kelly Jill , Bruno Christopher J. , Rhee Elizabeth G. , De Anda Carisa S. , Feng Hwa-Ping 
Published: April 2022

An exposure–efficacy analysis of the phase 3 ASPECT-NP trial was performed to evaluate the relationship between plasma exposure of ceftolozane and tazobactam and efficacy endpoints (primary: 28-day all-cause mortality; key secondary: clinical cure at test-of-cure visit) in adult participants with hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP). Participants (
N
=

231) from the ceftolozane/tazobactam treatment group in the intention-to-treat population who had pharmacokinetic data available and relevant baseline lower respiratory tract (LRT) pathogen(s) susceptibility data were included.
Time scales of open-system processes in a complex and heterogeneous mush-dominated plumbing system
Authors: Albert Helena , Trua Teresa , Fonseca José , Marani Michael P. , Gamberi Fabiano , Spiess Richard , Marzoli Andrea 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The architecture of a mush-dominated plumbing system in active volcanic areas conditions the magma pathways feeding eruptions. Open-system processes along these pathways and the associated time scales are directly related to monitoring data and eruptive behavior. Despite crystal mush–dominated systems being common in active volcanoes, previous studies have not focused on the integration of data from the mush sectors feeding different eruptions, supplying a partial view of the pre-eruptive magmatic processes and hindering the interpretation of the monitoring signals during unrest periods. We focus on the Marsili seamount (Tyrrhenian Sea), where the mineral data document processes within a magmatic system vertically extended throughout the local oceanic crust and made of a mush framework spotted with eruptible melt- and crystal-rich pockets. We undertook a study of Marsili olivine crystals that constrains the time scales of three pre-eruptive scenarios, dominated by open-system processes: (1) disaggregation of the deep Marsili volcano mush zone that occurred over a time scale of years prior to the eruption; (2) rapid ascent (days) of mantle-derived basaltic magma that, in some cases, intercepts shallow plagioclase-rich pockets; and (3) multiple mixing events between melt- and crystal-rich mush zones occurring approximately 1–2 mo and 0.5–3 yr before the eruption. Our results highlight the importance of contemporaneously studying eruptions in different locations on a volcano edifice for a better comprehension on how mush-dominated plumbing systems work as a whole and how this must be considered during the interpretation of monitoring data.
Plate tectonic–like cycles since the Hadean: Initiated or inherited?
Authors: Mitchell Ross N. , Spencer Christopher J. , Kirscher Uwe , Wilde Simon A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Interpretation of Earth's oldest preserved crustal archive, the Jack Hills zircon of Western Australia, has been controversial in terms of the onset of plate tectonics. We conduct time-series analysis on hafnium isotopes of the Jack Hills zircon and reveal an array of statistically significant cycles that are reminiscent of plate-tectonic subduction. At face value, such cycles may suggest early Earth conditions similar to those of today—the uniformitarian hypothesis that plate tectonics was essentially operational since “day one”. On the other hand, in the context of expected secular changes due to planetary evolution and geological observations, the cycles could instead imply that modern plate-tectonic subduction inherited mantle convective harmonics already facilitated by an early phase of stagnant-lid delamination—the “lid-to-plates” hypothesis. Either way, any model for the nature of plate tectonics must incorporate conditions operating during Hadean time, either by initiation of plate tectonics then or by later inheritance of preexisting cycles of mantle convection.
Potential candidate for oral pericoital contraception: evaluating ulipristal acetate plus cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor for ovulation disruption
Authors: Cahill Erica P , Lerma Klaira , Shaw Kate A , Blumenthal Paul D 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThere remains considerable global unmet contraceptive need, with almost 200 million women reporting desire to limit or space childbearing without contraceptive use. Researchers have documented worldwide interest in an oral, on-demand contraceptive option were it available. Candidates for use include ulipristal acetate (UA), levonorgestrel and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors alone or in combination.MethodsWe performed an exploratory, prospective study of matched menstrual cycles: one baseline cycle and one treatment cycle of UA 30 mg plus meloxicam 30 mg just prior to ovulation. The primary outcome was ovulation disruption, defined as unruptured dominant follicle for 5 days. Secondary outcomes included comparing cycle length, endometrial stripe thickness, and side effects.ResultsNine participants completed all study procedures in both cycles. Ovulatory disruption occurred in 66.7% (n=6) of treatment cycles and all but one demonstrated features of ovulatory dysfunction. Cycle length (mean±SD) was longer in the treatment cycle (31.9±4.0 vs 28.6±3.5 days, p<0.01). Secondary outcomes did not differ between the two cycles.ConclusionsUA plus the COX-2 inhibitor meloxicam disrupts ovulation at peak luteal surge and is a promising candidate for evaluation as a pericoital oral contraceptive.Trial registration numberNCT03354117.
Migrations of Devonian brine up-section and the origin of calcite-cemented sand in the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation, Athabasca Oil Sands
Authors: Broughton Paul L. 
Published: April 2022

Calcite-cemented sand intervals are widely distributed in the lower interval of the McMurray Formation of the Lower Cretaceous Athabasca Oil Sands deposit, northeastern Alberta. Flows of Devonian brine were driven up-section upon mixture with meteoric-charged groundwater that came in contact with the Prairie Evaporite Formation only 200 m below. Voluminous migrations of carbonate-saturated Devonian formation water during lower McMurray Formation deposition account for the distribution of decimetre to multimetre thick calcite-cemented sand intervals and giant concretions within the syndepositional fill of the Bitumount Trough, a 100 km long salt dissolution–collapse structure that floored the northern Athabasca Oil Sands deposit. Precipitations of calcite cement concurrent with deposition of the lower McMurray Formation provide insight into the eventual disposition of the voluminous brine that would have resulted from the dissolution of as much as 130 m of Middle Devonian salt section below the Bitumount Trough in contrast to deep basin storage elsewhere. Breccia pipes developed in Middle–Upper Devonian carbonate beds flooring the Bitumount Trough provided migration pathways up-section for the carbonate-saturated Devonian brines. Giant concretions of calcite-cemented sand, 1–2 m across, developed in homogeneous sands proximal to collapse-breccia pipes that vent along the Trough floor, whereas brine flows directed along heterogeneous sands resulted in tabular calcite-cemented beds. Similar but volumetrically less significant Quaternary brine migrations diluted with glacial meltwater were discharged at the surface as saline springs along the modern river valleys, resulting in geochemical trends characterized by concentration of total dissolved solids but without associated precipitations of calcite cement.
Distinct freshwater migratory pathways in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) coincide with separate patterns of marine spatial habitat-use across a large coastal landscape
Authors: Hollins Jack , Pettitt-Wade Harri , Gallagher Colin P. , Lea Ellen V. , Loseto Lisa L. , Hussey Nigel E. 
Published: April 2022

Understanding variability in distributions and habitat-use among populations of anadromous salmonids is essential for their sustainable management. Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus) is an important cultural and socioeconomic species; however, knowledge of their spatiotemporal habitat-use during the marine phase is limited. Here, a large-scale acoustic telemetry array was used to determine intraspecific variation in Arctic char summer marine habitat-use tied to overwintering lake occurrence in the Amundsen Gulf. Arctic char tagged in the ocean migrated to two main overwintering lakes, corresponding to distinct migration corridors and separate patterns of marine habitat-use, with one individual exhibiting among the longest recorded char marine migration to date (∼330 km). Arctic char that undertook longer migration distances initiated travel in the ocean towards fresh water 11 days earlier than those completing shorter migration distances; mean departure days (±SD) 2 August (±8.1 days) and 13 August (±6.8 days), corresponding to migration distances of 252 and 131 km, respectively. These findings identify that Arctic char from different populations can occupy distinct marine foraging grounds within a region, with consequences for variable interactions with fisheries.
Evaluating the Impacts of COVID-19 on Operations and Management of Community Centres: An Auckland, New Zealand Case Study
Authors: Petrov Alexander , Omisakin Olufemi Muibi 
Published: April 2022

This study evaluates the impact of COVID-19 on the operations and management of Community Centres (CCs) in Auckland. This Coronavirus posed unprecedented challenges to the communities and public facilities here and in many other countries. To mitigate the pandemic outbreak, the New Zealand government adopted the so-called “go hard, go early” strategy, which put all of the country to strict self-isolation for 52 days [Baker et al. (2020). The Medical Journal of Australia, 213(5), 198–200.e1]. This research aims to explore what challenges some of Auckland’s CCs faced during COVID-19 lockdown and what management decisions were taken to operate the CCs during these periods effectively. The study was based principally on primary data collected from the managers and visitors of eight CCs across Auckland via semi-structured interviews and anonymous online surveys. With all the information gathered and generated through thematic, correlation and deductive analysis, the study produced a “road map” for management actions. This framework should enable CCs to better articulate decisions for more effective and safer operating during future pandemic outbreaks.
Couto, Mia; Agualusa, José Eduardo. O Terrorista Elegante e outras histórias. Ilustrações de Alex Cerveny. São Paulo: Planeta, P. 176, 2019. Alex cerveny. São Paulo: Planeta, p. 176, 2019.
Authors: Kaplan Sheila 
Published: April 2022

Resenha do livro O terrorista elegante e outras histórias de MIa Couto e José Eduardo Agualusa

Resenha do livro O terrorista elegante e outras histórias dos escritores Jose Eduardo Agualusa e Mia Couto.
Philately of mangroves: local to global reflection
Authors: Shindikar Mahesh , Yogesh Deshpande  , Prasad Kulkarni  , Anand Billade  , Ajit Vartak  
Published: April 2022

Philately is one of the most popular hobbies since its inception and there are millions of known philatelists across the globe. Other than just a hobby, it can also be seen as a tool for reflecting social, political, natural specialities of the country for internal and external demonstration. It is an effective medium to display the richness of natural diversity, customs, and traditions and also the man-made wonders for its users. Stamps and other philatelic items can be viewed as conservation tool. They not only sensitize the public to the fate of the threatened environment or biota but also help in raising funds. Mangroves represent one of the most diverse coastal ecotonal wetlands of tropics and subtropics. They are the ecosystems inhabited by diverse group of floral, faunal, and microbial elements. Though neglected initially, these forests have attracted the global attention after understanding their role in coastal ecology and economy. The current study is a modest attempt to use themed philately to investigate the unique representation of the world’s most diversified mangrove ecosystem. With this goal in mind, a systematic spatio-temporal review of philatelic publications was conducted, and the results are presented along with the available data and alternative interpretations.
Assessment of Visit‐to‐Visit Blood Pressure Variability in Adults With Optimal Blood Pressure: A New Player in the Evaluation of Residual Cardiovascular Risk?
Authors: Liu Menghui , Chen Xiaohong , Zhang Shaozhao , Lin Junfan , Wang Lichun , Liao Xinxue , Zhuang Xiaodong 
Published: April 2022

Background
There is a paucity of evidence regarding the association between visit‐to‐visit blood pressure variability and residual cardiovascular risk. We aimed to provide relevant evidence by determining whether high systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability in the optimal SBP levels still influences the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Methods and Results
We studied 7065 participants (aged 59.3±5.6 years; 44.3% men; and 82.9% White) in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study with optimal SBP levels from visit 1 to visit 3. Visit‐to‐visit SBP variability was measured by variability independent of the mean in the primary analysis. The primary outcome was the major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), defined as the first occurrence of all‐cause mortality, coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure. During a median follow‐up of 19.6 years, 2691 participants developed MACEs. After multivariable adjustment, the MACE risk was higher by 21% in participants with the highest SBP variability (variability independent of the mean quartile 4) compared with the lowest SBP variability participants (variability independent of the mean quartile 1) (hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09–1.35). The restricted cubic spline showed that the hazard ratio for MACE was relatively linear, with a higher variability independent of the mean being associated with higher risk. These association were also found in the stratified analyses of participants with or without hypertension.

Conclusions
In adults with optimal SBP levels, higher visit‐to‐visit SBP variability was significantly associated with a higher risk of MACE regardless of whether they had hypertension. Therefore, it may be necessary to further focus on the visit‐to‐visit SBP variability even at the guideline‐recommended optimal blood pressure levels.