bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, structural characterization, and photophysical studies of decanuclear gold(I) sulfido complexes with carbazole‐derived ligands
Authors: Chu Anlea , Wan Ho Chuen , Yan Liang‐Liang , Leung Ming‐Yi , Yam Vivian Wing‐Wah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDecanuclear gold(I) sulfido clusters, [Au10{μ‐Ph2PN(C6H4−Cbz)PPh2}4(μ3‐S)4](PF6)2 (1) and [Au10{μ‐Ph2PN(C6H4−tBu2Cbz)PPh2}4(μ3‐S)4](PF6)2 (2), with bridging bis(diphenylphosphino)amine ligands were synthesized and characterized. The propeller‐like molecular structure of 1 was determined via X‐ray crystal structure analysis. Both complexes were found to show intense dual green and orange phosphorescence upon photoexcitation at ambient temperature. The emissions were tentatively assigned to originate from the excited states derived from the phosphine‐centered intraligand (IL) transition and ligand‐to‐metal‐metal charge transfer (LMMCT) (S→Au) transition.
The N-Clock Model: Variational Analysis for Fast and Slow Divergence Rates of N
Authors: Cicalese Marco , Orlando Gianluca , Ruf Matthias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe study a nearest neighbors ferromagnetic classical spin system on the square lattice in which the spin field is constrained to take values in a discretization of the unit circle consisting ofNequi-spaced vectors, also known as theN-clock model. We find a fast rate of divergence ofNwith respect to the lattice spacing for which theN-clock model has the same discrete-to-continuum variational limit as the classicalXYmodel (also known as planar rotator model), in particular concentrating energy on topological defects of dimension 0. We prove the existence of a slow rate of divergence ofNat which the coarse-grain limit does not detect topological defects, but it is instead aBV-total variation. Finally, the two different types of limit behaviors are coupled in a critical regime forN, whose analysis requires the aid of Cartesian currents.
Numerical analysis for the interaction of mean curvature flow and diffusion on closed surfaces
Authors: Elliott Charles M. , Garcke Harald , Kovács Balázs 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn evolving surface finite element discretisation is analysed for the evolution of a closed two-dimensional surface governed by a system coupling a generalised forced mean curvature flow and a reaction–diffusion process on the surface, inspired by a gradient flow of a coupled energy. Two algorithms are proposed, both based on a system coupling the diffusion equation to evolution equations for geometric quantities in the velocity law for the surface. One of the numerical methods is proved to be convergent in the$$H^1$$H1norm with optimal-order for finite elements of degree at least two. We present numerical experiments illustrating the convergence behaviour and demonstrating the qualitative properties of the flow: preservation of mean convexity, loss of convexity, weak maximum principles, and the occurrence of self-intersections.
A diffusion tensor imaging analysis of white matter microstructures in non-operated craniosynostosis patients
Authors: de Planque C. A. , Florisson J. M. G. , Tasker R. C. , Rijken B. F. M. , van Veelen M. L. C. , Mathijssen I. M. J. , Lequin M. H. , Dremmen M. H. G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In 7 to 15-year-old operated syndromic craniosynostosis patients, we have shown the presence of microstructural anomalies in brain white matter by using DTI. To learn more about the cause of these anomalies, the aim of the study is to determine diffusivity values in white matter tracts in non-operated syndromic craniosynostosis patients aged 0–2 years compared to healthy controls.

Methods
DTI datasets of 51 non-operated patients with syndromic craniosynostosis with a median [IQR] age of 0.40 [0.25] years were compared with 17 control subjects with a median of 1.20 [0.85] years. Major white matter tract pathways were reconstructed with ExploreDTI from MRI brain datasets acquired on a 1.5 T MRI system. Eigenvalues of these tract data were examined, with subsequent assessment of the affected tracts. Having syndromic craniosynostosis (versus control), gender, age, frontal occipital horn ratio (FOHR), and tract volume were treated as independent variables.

Results
ʎ2 and ʎ3 of the tracts genu of the corpus callosum and the hippocampal segment of the cingulum bundle show a ƞ2 > 0.14 in the comparison of patients vs controls, which indicates a large effect on radial diffusivity. Subsequent linear regressions on radial diffusivity of these tracts show that age and FOHR are significantly associated interacting factors on radial diffusivity (p < 0.025).

Conclusion
Syndromic craniosynostosis shows not to be a significant factor influencing the major white matter tracts. Enlargement of the ventricles show to be a significant factor on radial diffusivity in the tracts corpus callosum genu and the hippocampal segment of the cingulate bundle.

Clinical trial registration: MEC-2014-461
Repair of α-particle-induced DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after internal ex vivo irradiation with 223Ra
Authors: Göring Lukas , Schumann Sarah , Müller Jessica , Buck Andreas K. , Port Matthias , Lassmann Michael , Scherthan Harry , Eberlein Uta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
As α-emitters for radiopharmaceutical therapies are administered systemically by intravenous injection, blood will be irradiated by α-particles that induce clustered DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Here, we investigated the induction and repair of DSB damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as a function of the absorbed dose to the blood following internal ex vivo irradiation with [223Ra]RaCl2.

Methods
Blood samples of ten volunteers were irradiated by adding [223Ra]RaCl2 solution with different activity concentrations resulting in absorbed doses to the blood of 3 mGy, 25 mGy, 50 mGy and 100 mGy. PBMCs were isolated, divided in three parts and either fixed directly (d-samples) or after 4 h or 24 h culture. After immunostaining, the induced γ-H2AX α-tracks were counted. The time-dependent decrease in α-track frequency was described with a model assuming a repair rate R and a fraction of non-repairable damage Q.

Results
For 25 mGy, 50 mGy and 100 mGy, the numbers of α-tracks were significantly increased compared to baseline at all time points. Compared to the corresponding d-samples, the α-track frequency decreased significantly after 4 h and after 24 h. The repair rates R were (0.24 ± 0.05) h−1 for 25 mGy, (0.16 ± 0.04) h−1 for 50 mGy and (0.13 ± 0.02) h−1 for 100 mGy, suggesting faster repair at lower absorbed doses, while Q-values were similar.

Conclusion
The results obtained suggest that induction and repair of the DSB damage depend on the absorbed dose to the blood. Repair rates were similar to what has been observed for irradiation with low linear energy transfer.
Einblicke in die Forschung – Bisheriger (Un‑)Wissensstand über den Nutzen von Supervision für Coaches und Psychotherapeut*innen
Authors: Müller Alessa Antonia , Zimmermann Jannik , Möller Heidi 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie (ZPS) werden die Ergebnisse aktueller Forschung zu Supervision in der Psychotherapie und im Coaching vorgestellt. Im Vordergrund steht die Frage nach dem Nutzen der Supervision für Supervisand*innen und ihre Klient*innen im jeweiligen Anwendungskontext. Relevante empirische Studien werden beschrieben, Wissenslücken betrachtet und Implikationen für zukünftige Forschung und die Praxis von Berater*innen werden abgeleitet.
Optimizing and control of effective synthesize parameters for Fe3O4 nanoparticles using response surface methodology
Authors: Ba-Abbad Muneer M. , Chai P. V. , Benamour Abdelbaki , Ewis Dina , Mohammad Abdul Wahab , Mahmoudi Ebrahim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo control Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) size, different molar ratio of Fe2+ and Fe3+ as well as ammonium hydroxide (pH) was used to synthesize Fe3O4 NPs through co-precipitation method. The Box–Behnken design was selected to explore the interaction between process parameters (factors) such as Fe2+ molar ion, Fe3+ molar ion and pH on the final size. The interactive effect between the process variables was evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The quadratic model predicted by the Box–Behnken design was significant with a P value of < 0.0001. The optimum synthesis conditions were predicted by the model indicating optimum size obtained using 1.00 mol Fe2+ ion with 3.00 mol Fe3+ ion with pH at 12.00. From the experiment, the particle size was 10 ± 2 nm at optimum conditions, while the model predicted a particle size of 6.80 nm. The magnetic properties of Fe3O4 NPs were displayed typical ferromagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization value to be 49.729 emu/g. Finally, the optimized Fe3O4 NPs showed about 80% removal of Congo red (CR) dye, which confirms their applicability in adsorption process for future applications.
Bedside Ultrasound for Ventricular Size Monitoring in Patients with PEEK Cranioplasty: A Preliminary Experience of Technical Feasibility in Neurotrauma Setting
Authors: Signorelli Francesco , Della Pepa Giuseppe Maria , Marziali Giammaria , Ioannoni Eleonora , Olivi Alessandro , Caricato Anselmo , Visocchi Massimiliano , Montano Nicola 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Posttraumatic hydrocephalus is a known complication after traumatic brain injury, particularly affecting patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy. Posttraumatic hydrocephalus monitoring in these patients represents a common issue in neurosurgical practice. Patients require periodical assessments by means of computed tomography (CT) scans. This study presents a preliminary institutional series in which ultrasound was used as a bedside imaging technique to monitor ventricular size in patients harboring a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cranioplasty. Exploiting the PEEK cranioplasty permeability to echoes, we evaluated the feasibility of this bedside imaging method in monitoring hydrocephalus evolution, determining effects of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, and excluding complications.

Methods
Eight patients with traumatic brain injury harboring PEEK cranioplasty following decompressive craniectomy were prospectively evaluated. Ultrasound measurements were compared with CT scan data taken the same day, and ventricular morphometry parameters were compared.

Results
Ultrasound images through the PEEK cranioplasty were of high quality and intracranial anatomy was distinctly evaluated. A strong correlation was observed between ultrasound and CT measurements. Concerning distance between lateral ventricles frontal horns (IFH) and the diameter of the third ventricle (TV), we found a strong correlation between transcranial sonography and CT measurements in preventriculoperitoneal shunt (rho = 0.92 and p = 0.01 for IFH; rho = 0.99 and p = 0.008 for TV) and in postventriculoperitoneal shunt examinations (rho = 0.95 and p = 0.03 for IFH; rho = 0.97 and p = 0.03 for TV). The mean error rate between transcranial sonography and CT scan was 1.77 ± 0.91 mm for preoperative IFH, 0.65 ± 0.27 mm for preoperative TV, 2.18 ± 0.82 mm for postoperative IFH, and 0.48 ± 0.21 mm for postoperative TV.

Conclusions
Transcranial ultrasound could represent a simplification of the follow-up and management of ventricular size of patients undergoing PEEK cranioplasty. Even if this is a small series, our preliminary results could widen the potential benefits of PEEK, not only as effective material for cranial reconstruction but also, in selected clinical conditions, as a reliable window to explore intracranial content and to monitor ventricular sizes and shunt functioning.
Editorial Introduction: The Shifting Geopolitics of Return Migration and Reintegration
Authors: Vathi Zana , King Russell , Kalir Barak 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The recent geo-politicisation of return migration warrants deep consideration of the politics of return and reintegration. A focus on geopolitics prefigures the study of reintegration not just as circumstantial to the lives of migrants or the formal strategies of states but also as deeply embedded in the historical socio-cultural and political contexts where it takes place. In introducing a set of papers that explore these links from different angles and based on research from around the world, this article argues that return and reintegration constitute a qualitatively different process from immigration and integration in the receiving countries, first and foremost because the sending state—a key actor in the reintegration process—is in a position of geopolitical power marginality. Indeed, the strategies of all the stakeholders implicated in reintegration are closely linked to the geopolitics of migration governance. In these contexts, migrants’ intimate, as well as pragmatic, strategies of reintegration and re-migration are an expression, as well as a trigger, of multi-scale geopolitics. There is a distinct contrast between the emphasis on borders and securitisation in high-income countries and the informality and precarity of the way that migrants have to manage their ontological security in the process of return and reintegration. Reintegration should thus be understood as a process contingent upon different and, often, incongruous legal, political and socio-economic elements, as endorsed and employed by the different stakeholders involved.
Flight dynamics and control assessment for differential thrust aircraft in engine inoperative conditions including aero-propulsive effects
Authors: Hoogreef Maurice F. M. , Soikkeli Johannes S. E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDifferential thrust can be used for directional control on distributed electric propulsion aircraft. This paper presents an assessment of flight dynamics and control under engine inoperative conditions at minimum control speed for a typical distributed propulsion aircraft employing differential thrust. A methodology consisting of an aerodynamic data acquisition module and a non-linear six-degrees-of-freedom flight dynamics model is proposed. Directional control is achieved using a controller to generate a yaw command, which is distributed to the propulsors through a thrust mapping approach. A modified version of the NASA X-57 aircraft is selected for case studies, where the engine inoperative condition is considered to impact the three leftmost propulsors during climb at minimum control speed. The objective also includes the assessment of the impact of the aero-propulsive coupling for such an aircraft during a failure case. Results show that during the recovery manoeuvre, the aircraft experiences a 78% reduction in total thrust and 30% reduction in total lift caused by the aggressive yaw control effort required to control the heading of the aircraft. Consequently, the powered-stall speed is increased, and the aircraft temporarily loses altitude during the recovery manoeuvre. Differential thrust provides sufficient yaw authority during the engine inoperative condition, and is, therefore, seen to potentially replace the functionality of the rudder for the climb condition that was studied. Additionally, reduction of the vertical tail area was explored and seen to be possible if the response time of the system is low enough. For the studied configuration, this required a response within 400 ms for reduced vertical tail areas.
Hair cortisol concentration as a marker of long-term stress: sex and body temperature are major determinants in wild-living Alpine marmots
Authors: Zenth Friederike , Corlatti Luca , Giacomelli Stefano , Saleri Roberta , Cavalli Valeria , Andrani Melania , Donini Valerio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHair cortisol concentration (HCC) has recently gained popularity as an easy-to-measure biomarker of long-term stress in wild and domestic animals. Hair integrates cortisol over long time periods within a single sample and it can be collected non-invasively, which makes its use particularly interesting for wildlife studies. Interpreting HCC values, however, is challenging, because they are determined by the interplay of multiple factors. Here, were explore potential determinants of HCC in the Alpine marmot Marmota marmota. We tested the relationship of sex, age class, physical condition and body temperature with the hair cortisol concentration of free-ranging marmots. We found marked sex difference in HCC, with higher levels in females. This might be related to sex-specific variation in social stress or resulting from physiological difference, e.g., in baseline and stress-induced levels of cortisol secretion. Interestingly, body temperature was also positively related to HCC, possibly hinting at individual short- and long-term stress reactivity as part of coping styles. Although further work is needed to entangle possible mechanisms underlying the neuro-endocrinological modulation on HCC, our results emphasize that determinants such as sex and body temperature in Alpine marmots should be accounted for, when using HCC as marker of chronic stress.
Efficient production of mannosylerythritol lipids by a marine yeast Moesziomyces aphidis XM01 and their application as self-assembly nanomicelles
Authors: Yu Guanshuo , Wang Xiaoxiang , Zhang Chao , Chi Zhe , Chi Zhenming , Liu Guanglei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are one of the most promising biosurfactants because of their excellent physicochemical properties, high environmental compatibility, and various biological functions. In this study, a mangrove yeast strain Moesziomyces aphidis XM01 was identified and used for efficient extracellular MEL production. The MEL titer reached 64.5 ± 0.7 g/L at flask level within 7 days with the optimized nitrogen and carbon source of 2.0 g/L NaNO3 and 70 g/L soybean oil. Furthermore, during a 10-L two-stage fed-batch fermentation, the final MEL titer reached 113.6 ± 3.1 g/L within 8 days, with prominent productivity and yield of 14.2 g·L−1·day−1 and 94.6 g/g(glucose and soybean oil). Structural analysis indicated that the produced MELs were mainly MEL-A and its fatty acid profile was composed of only medium-chain fatty acids (C8–C12), especially C10 acids (77.81%). Further applications of this compound were evaluated as one-step self-assembly nanomicelles. The obtained MEL nanomicelles showed good physicochemical stability and antibacterial activity. In addition, using clarithromycin as a model hydrophobic drug, the MEL nanomicelles exhibited high loading capacity and could be used for the controlled and sustained drug release in low-pH environments. Therefore, M. aphidis XM01 is an excellent candidate for efficient MEL production, and the prepared MEL nanomicelles have broad application prospects in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields.
A Chaotic Antlion Optimization Algorithm for Text Feature Selection
Authors: Chen Hongwei , Zhou Xun , Shi Dewei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractText classification is one of the important technologies in the field of text data mining. Feature selection, as a key step in processing text classification tasks, is used to process high-dimensional feature sets, which directly affects the final classification performance. At present, the most widely used text feature selection methods in academia are to calculate the importance of each feature for classification through an evaluation function, and then select the most important feature subsets that meet the quantitative requirements in turn. However, ignoring the correlation between the features and the effect of their mutual combination in this way may not guarantee the best classification effect. Therefore, this paper proposes a chaotic antlion feature selection algorithm (CAFSA) to solve this problem. The main contributions include: (1) Propose a chaotic antlion algorithm (CAA) based on quasi-opposition learning mechanism and chaos strategy, and compare it with the other four algorithms on 11 benchmark functions. The algorithm has achieved a higher convergence speed and the highest optimization accuracy. (2) Study the performance of CAFSA using CAA for feature selection when using different learning models, including decision tree, Naive Bayes, and SVM classifier. (3) The performance of CAFSA is compared with that of eight other feature selection methods on three Chinese datasets. The experimental results show that using CAFSA can reduce the number of features and improve the classification accuracy of the classifier, which has a better classification effect than other feature selection methods.
In Layman’s Terms: The Power and Problem of Science Communication
Authors: Shah Yash B , Glatter Robert , Madad Syra 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImproved policies for science communication are needed to ensure scientific progress in coming decades. The COVID-19 pandemic illustrated massive gaps in science communication, ranging from masking and social distancing mandates to vaccination requirements. These obstacles compounded the pandemic’s tremendous inherent clinical and public health challenges. Although science made immense progress in understanding the virus and designing infection control solutions, society still remains within the pandemic due to flawed understanding, low responsiveness, and widespread misinformation on behalf of the public. Flawed communication plagues national responses not only to the pandemic, but also other long-standing issues such as climate change or nutrition. This Letter proposes a new protocol and framework for effective science communication, designed to educate experts in evidence-based communication, improve public partnership through relatability and modern relevance, and increase empathy and trustworthiness to increase public cooperation. A defined protocol for science communication can ensure that evolving knowledge can tangibly benefit society.
Effective workspaces of parallel robots
Authors: Erastova Ksenia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn approach for calculating the effective workspaces of parallel mechanisms has been considered in this paper. The effective workspace is a set of reachable by the end-effector points, where an important parameter (or parameters) from the point of view of operation is not higher than critical. In this article, the speed and torque in the drive and the stiffness of the mechanism are considered as such parameters. An approach to determining the appropriate effective workspace is presented for each parameter. The optimization process, which is based on presented methods, allows one to choose basic technical solutions of the designed robot: the links (lengths and cross-sections), the drives, and types of hinges, which guarantee its operability at the specified operational characteristics. Case studies of a delta robot with four degrees of freedom and a planar five-bar mechanism are presented for testing these approaches. The presented methods are of great practical importance because it uses movement parameters or operational characteristics that are decisive for this mechanism and have clear physical meaning.
Vanadium for Green Energy: Increasing Demand but With Health Implications in Volcanic Terrains
Authors: Parnell John 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe transition to a clean energy future may require a very substantial increase in resources of vanadium. This trend brings into focus the potential health issues related to vanadium in the environment. Most vanadium enters the Earth's crust through volcanic rocks; hence, vanadium levels in groundwaters in volcanic aquifers are higher than in other aquifers and can exceed local guidance limits. The biggest accumulation of volcanogenic sediment on the planet is downwind of the Andes and makes up much of Argentina. Consequently, groundwaters in Argentina have the highest vanadium contents and constitute a global vanadium anomaly. The high vanadium contents have given rise to health concerns. Vanadium could be extracted during remediation of domestic and other groundwater, and although the resultant resource is limited, it would be gained using low‐energy technology.