bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomodulator of Diode Laser Irradiation on Odontoblast-Like Cells by Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A and Transforming Growth Factor-β1
Authors: Juniarti Devi E. , Kunarti Sri , Mardiyah Andi A. , Purniati Ni M. D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to prove that the effect of diode laser 650-nm irradiation to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 plays important roles in dental pulp-regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and revascularization.
Materials and Methods The research was performed by randomized posttest only control group design using Rattus norvegicus. A total of 48 samples were provided and divided into eight groups of 6 samples each with a random-sample allocation. Each group were prepared, and perforation of maxillary first molar were done. In control groups (groups 1–4), glass ionomer cement (GIC) was used to restore the teeth, while in laser groups (groups 5–8), the teeth were irradiated with diode laser 650 nm for 40 seconds before application of GIC. Half of the groups (groups 1, 2, 5, and 6) were necropsied in 7 days, and the rest (groups 3, 4, 7, and 8) were necropsied in 14 days. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluation were implemented to check the expression of both VEGF-A and TGF-β1.
Statistical Analysis Both data of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 expression were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) with SPSS statistical software.
Results The study showed that the diode laser 650-nm irradiation increased expression of VEGF-A and TGF-β1, and there was a significant difference between diode laser and control group on VEGF-A expression (p = 0.001) and TGF- β1 (p = 0.000) on days 7 and 14.
Conclusion Diode laser 650 nm with 40-second irradiation time shows increment from day 7 to day 14 reflecting increase in pulp healing by modulating VEGF-A and TGF-β1 expression since days 7 to 14.
Spondylocostal Dysostosis with Anal Atresia and Urogenital Anomalies in a Young Infant: First Case Entity of Casamassima–Morton–Nance Syndrome from Asia
Authors: Lourembam Radhapyari , Gupta Manish Kumar , Sherwani Poonam , Verma Prashant Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCasamassima–Morton–Nance syndrome (CMNS) includes a heterogeneous group of spondylocostal dysostosis along with anal atresia and genitourinary abnormalities. In 1981, Casamassima et al first described the syndrome in a fetus, and since then, only seven such cases have been reported so far. CMNS phenotype shows a significant clinical variability as documented in the reported cases. Etiology remains unknown yet, and it carries a poor prognosis. Here, we reported on a young female infant born out of nonconsanguineous marriage with normal karyotype and spondylocostal dysostosis, anal and genitourinary malformations suggesting CMNS. Ours is the eighth, and first case entity of CMNS reported from Asia as per the literature search. In our case, the additional feature of bilateral clubfoot has not been documented earlier in the literature. It extends the clinical spectrum of the syndrome and prompts us to consider it a close differential diagnosis to VACTERL (vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac malformations, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal anomalies, limb abnormalities) syndrome, which is commonly known and diagnosed. It also raises the question of whether cases of CMNS are being misdiagnosed as VACTERL syndrome due to its rarity.
The Effect of Early versus Late Manipulation Under Anesthesia on Opioid Use, Surgical Complications, and Revision Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yang Daniel S. , Lemme Nicholas J. , Glasser Jillian , Daniels Alan H. , Antoci Valentin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPrevious studies of early versus late manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) do not report on postoperative opioid utilization or revisions and focused on small single-institution retrospective cohorts. The PearlDiver Research Program (www.pearldiverinc.com), which uses an all-inclusive insurance database, was used to identify patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) who received (1) late MUA (>12 weeks), (2) early MUA (≤12 weeks), or (3) TKA only. To develop the control group cohort of TKA-only patients, 3:1 matching was conducted using 11 risk factor variables deemed significant by chi-squared analysis. Complications and opioid utilization were compared through multivariate regression analysis, controlling for age, gender, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. The risk of TKA revision was assessed through Cox-proportional hazards modeling and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with log-rank test. Between 2011 and 2017, 2,062 TKA patients with early MUA, 1,112 TKA patients with late MUA, and a control cohort of 8,327 TKA-only patients were identified in the database. The percent of patients registering opioid use decreased from 54.6% 1 month pre-MUA to 4.6% (p < 0.0001) 1 month post-MUA following early MUA, whereas only from 32.6 to 10.4% (p < 0.0001) following late MUA. Late MUA was associated with higher risk of repeat MUA at 6 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.74, p < 0.0001), 1 year (aOR = 2.66, p < 0.0001), and 2 years (aOR = 2.63, p < 0.0001) following index MUA. Hazards modeling and survival analysis showed increased risk of TKA revision following late MUA (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 3.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.77–4.43, p < 0.0001) compared to early MUA (aHR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.72–2.70, p < 0.0001), with significant differences in survival to revision curves (p < 0.0001). When compared to early MUA at 1 year, late MUA was associated with a significantly increased risk of prosthesis explantation (aOR = 2.89, p = 0.0026 vs. aOR = 0.93, p = 0.8563). MUA within 12 weeks after index TKA had improved pain resolution and significant curtailing of opioid use. Furthermore, late MUA was associated with prolonged opioid use, increased risks of revision, as well as prosthesis explantation, supporting screening and early intervention in cases of slow progression and stiffness. The level of evidence of this study is III.
Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy in the Current Era: Technical Difficulties, Troubleshoots, a Guide to the Apprentice, and the Current Learning Curve
Authors: Pandey Abhishek , Mandal Swarnendu , Das Manoj K. , Nayak Prasant 
Published: July 2022

Objectives The main aim of this study is to present our experience with laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) and share practical solutions to various surgical challenges and the learning curve we realized.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed our LRN database for relevant demographic, clinical, imaging, operative, and postoperative data, including operative videos. We described various complications, vascular anomalies, intraoperative difficulties, and our improvisations to improve safety and outcomes.
Statistical Analysis We evaluated the learning curve, comparing the initial half cases (group 1) against the latter half (group 2), using the chi-squared test for categorical variables and Student's t-test for continuous variables.
Results Of the 106 patients included, LRN was successful in 95% (n = 101), and five cases converted to open surgical approach. The mean tumor size was 7.4 cm, 42% incidentally detected. The cumulative complication rate was 15%, including five main renal vein injuries. Intraoperative difficulties included ureter identification (n = 6), venous bleed during hilar dissection (n = 11), double renal arteries (n = 23), and venous anomalies (n = 20). Arterial anatomy had 95% concordance with the imaging findings. We describe various trade tricks to perform hilar dissection, identify and control anomalous vasculature, handle venous bleed, confirm arterial control, and improve decisions using imaging, technology, and guidance of a mentor. No statistically significant difference in the learning curve was observed between the study groups.
Conclusion With LRN already established as the current standard of care, our description intends to share the trade tricks and inspire novice urologists, who can assimilate training and reproduce good results under proper guidance. The steep learning curve described in the past may not be apparent in the current era of training and technological advancement.
Análisis biomecánico de la continuación prepatelar del cuádriceps
Authors: Infante Carlos , Silvestre Rony , Iñiguez Magaly , Negrin Roberto , Barahona Maximiliano 
Published: July 2022

Resumen
Objetivo Determinar la resistencia máxima a la tracción (RMT) de la continuación prepatelar del cuádriceps (CPC).
Materiales y Métodos Se realizó un estudio en cadáveres humanos. Fueron incluidos diez especímenes, en los cuales se utilizaron los tercios proximal y medial de la cortical anterior de la patela para evaluar las propiedades mecánicas de la CPC. En cada espécimen, se estudió un área de sección transversal de 0,2 cm2 (A1) y 1 cm2 (A2). Se aplicó una carga gradual para determinar la RMT.
Resultados La mediana de la RMT en el A1 fue de 232,56 N (rango: 141,23 N a 295,33 N) y en el A2 fue de 335,30 N (rango: 216,45 N a 371,40 N). El incremento en la TMR fue significativo entre las 2 áreas (p = 0,006).
Conclusión El significado clínico de este estudio es que la CPC es un tejido fuerte que puede servir de anclaje seguro para reconstrucciones alrededor de la patela. Un área relativamente pequeña tolera al menos 140 N y, a medida que crece el área, también aumenta la RMT.
Nivel de evidencia Estudio biomecánico.
Surgical Management of a Massive Frontal Bone Hemangioma: Case Report
Authors: Bird Cylaina E. , Traylor Jeffrey I. , Johnson Zachary D. , Kim Jun , Raisanen Jack , Welch Babu G. , Abdullah Kalil G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntraosseous hemangiomas are rare, benign tumors that can arise from the calvarium. These lesions often invade the outer table of the skull, but typically spare the inner table and intracranial structures. En bloc surgical resection is the standard treatment for intraosseous hemangiomas. However, a piecemeal resection may be required to safely remove the tumor in cases involving the inner table to protect the underlying brain parenchyma and vascular structures. Proper reconstruction is critical to optimize the cosmetic outcome, and a staged procedure allowing implantation of a custom-made implant can be considered for large lesions involving the forehead. We present a case of a patient with a large frontal intraosseous hemangioma with intradural involvement to highlight the surgical nuances of resection and review the existing literature regarding optimal management of these patients.
Profile and Outcome of Children with Opsoclonus Myoclonus Ataxia: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience from India
Authors: Banerjee Bidisha , Thanvi Ayesha , Prabhu Sameeta M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOpsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a rare but treatable, often paraneoplastic neuroimmunologic condition. This is a retrospective chart review of 8 patients diagnosed in the past 11 years at a tertiary care hospital. The mean age of children with OMAS was 21.2 ± 8 months. There was a female preponderance (62.5%). Median symptom duration was 24.5 days (interquartile range [IQR] 12.7; 97.5). All patients had ataxia and irritability; 6 had opsoclonus.An underlying neurogenic tumor was identified in 87.5% (⅞) of the patients by computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroblastoma was detected in ⅘ with normal 24-hour urinary vanillylmandelic acid and 2 had negative metaiodobenzylguanidine scan.All patients received adrenocorticotropic hormone/steroids for a median of 9.5 months (IQR 5.3; 13.5) with clonazepam. Five received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), including repeated cycles in ⅘. Two received rituximab. One child with relapsing-remitting course received pulse dexamethasone and cyclophosphamide, resulting in improvement. Clonazepam restored ambulation in one with delayed diagnosis and failure of response to steroids. Six patients underwent tumor resection and four needed chemotherapies.Median follow-up was 15 months (IQR 10.7; 23.2). Mean OMAS-severity scale reduced from 10 to 1.4 in the IVIG group and 10.6 to 5.3 in those who did not receive IVIG. Cognitive delay and behavioral issues were seen in 100% treated with steroids only; 50 and 25%, respectively, treated with multimodal immunotherapy. Five had relapses, one with tumor recurrence.Thorax and abdomen CT scan was found to be a sensitive tool for tumor detection. Better motor and cognitive behavioral outcome were noted in patients who received adjunctive IVIG.Future studies on optimum investigation and treatment protocol in various resource settings are needed.
Imaging of Lung Cancer Staging
Authors: Archer J. Matthew , Truong Mylene T. , Shroff Girish S. , Godoy Myrna C. B. , Marom Edith M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Imaging is integral in accurate clinical staging to stratify patients into groups to predict survival and determine treatment. The eighth edition of the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM-8) staging system proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer in 2016, accepted by both the Union for International Cancer Control and the American Joint Committee on Cancer, is the current standard method of staging lung cancer. This single TNM staging is used for all histologic subtypes of lung cancer, including nonsmall cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, and bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumor, and it addresses both clinical and pathologic staging. Familiarity with the strengths and limitations of imaging modalities used in staging, the nuances of TNM-8, its correct nomenclature, and potential pitfalls are important to optimize patient care. In this article, we discuss the role of computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography/CT in lung cancer staging, as well as current imaging recommendations pertaining to TNM-8.
A novel polychromator calibration method for Thomson scattering diagnostics
Authors: Xie Q. F. , Li H. Y. , Tao R. Y. , Li N. , Li S. J. , Liu J. H. , Lun X. C. , Bai R. H. , Deng B. H. 
Published: July 2022

Polychromators are most frequently used in Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostics to analyze the scattered light spectrum and intensity so that the plasma electron temperature (Te) and density (ne) can be derived. For Te measurements, the spectral response of the polychromator channels and the relative spectral responsivities need to be calibrated. The spectral response is calibrated with a bromine tungsten lamp and a monochromator in a conventional way. A novel method for calibrating the relative spectral responsivities of the polychromators is described in detail. A broadband pulsed Light Emission Diode (LED) is used, which has a spectral irradiance similar to that of the TS spectrum, and the LED can be driven in pulse mode with the pulse width similar to the TS signal pulse width of about 10–20 ns full width at half maximum. This new method allows for the calibration to be done after the polychromator is fully installed, and in situ system calibration can be easily performed, showing the advantages of accuracy, simplicity, efficiency, and flexibility. For ne measurements, absolute sensitivity calibration is done by Rayleigh scattering with argon gas. Formulas for calculating the plasma density from the calibration data and the polychromator signals from the off-laser wavelength channels are presented.
Methods of investigating the demagnetization factors within assemblies of superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Authors: McCann Steven M. , Leach James , Reddy Subrayal M. , Mercer Tim 
Published: July 2022

Three-dimensional distributions of demagnetization factors Nd within assemblies of magnetic nanoparticles have been investigated along the axes of cuboid containing vessels. From the results of a numerical polar-based model, a significant skew toward high values in the number distribution is observed and often overlooked by the assumed uniformity of the conventional analytical approach. To enable comparison with experiment, new transverse susceptibility techniques have been developed, which are also applicable to superparamagnetic assemblies that do not have the magnetization features normally required using conventional methods. Applying the two techniques to a system of ∼13 nm magnetite (Fe3O4) particles resulted in the difference between the in-plane and out-of-plane Nd factors of (0.21 ± 0.03) and (0.201 ± 0.009), respectively, which shows closest agreement with the simulation value for the mode of (0.19 ± 0.02). The median and mean results of the model move further away from the experimental result, yielding values of (0.17 ± 0.02) and (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively, which is consistent with the skewed distributions observed here. In all cases, the sum of the Nd factors from each orthogonal axis was equal to 1, giving further confidence in the model. The new methods allow measurements on the superparamagnetic systems often found at this scale, and the agreement with the model means that the spatial distribution of Nd factors may now be taken into account in studies on any nanoscale material that considers the whole structure as a distribution of magnetic elements.
Shade effect on behaviour, physiology, performance, and carcass weight of heat-stressed feedlot steers in humid subtropical area
Authors: Canozzi M. E. A. , Clariget J. , Roig G. , Pérez E. , Aznárez V. , Banchero G. , La Manna A. 
Published: July 2022

Context Environmental conditions during hot weather decrease feed intake and cattle growth. Aims This study conducted over three consecutive years, during the summer, evaluated access to shade as a strategy to mitigate heat stress of finishing cattle in Uruguay. Methods Each year, 32 Bos taurus and/or Bos taurus crossbred steers (initially weighing 461 ± 28 kg) were blocked by initial liveweight and assigned to one of eight pens, where one of two treatments were applied, namely, no shade access or shade access (mean shaded area 4.5 m2/animal). Finishing diet was offered three times per day and cattle had ad libitum access to water. Twenty-four pens were considered in a randomised complete-block design. Average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI) and feed efficiency were measured, and hot carcass weight was collected at slaughter. Ruminal pH and temperature were obtained using ruminal boluses. Feeding, drinking, rumination, inactive behaviours, respiration rate and painting score were observed. Key results Mean days on feed were 70.6 ± 5.5. The average THI ranged from 70 to 72. Steers with access to shade had greater DMI (P = 0.003), ADG (P = 0.004), and feed:gain ratio (P = 0.05) than did not shaded steers. Ruminal pH was higher (P < 0.0001) in shaded than in not shaded animals. The slaughter weight of shaded steers was 10 kg greater (P = 0.02) than that of not shaded steers. A trend (P = 0.06) to higher hot carcass weight after dressing was obtained by shaded steers. The average respiration rate and panting score was consistently lower (P < 0.0001) for shaded than for not shaded steers, except in the early morning. Access to shade increased the time spent by animals feeding (P = 0.008) and ruminating (P = 0.001), decreasing inactive time (P < 0.0001). Conclusions Shade could improve performance and welfare of feedlot cattle during summertime, even in regions with an average THI from 70 to 72. Implications Access to shade allowed fattening cattle to dissipate heat stored during the day at night and to alleviate the effect of heat load during summer in subtropical region.
Friction-driven membrane scission by the human ESCRT-III proteins CHMP1B and IST1
Authors: Cada A. King , Pavlin Mark R. , Castillo Juan P. , Tong Alexander B. , Larsen Kevin P. , Ren Xuefeng , Yokom Adam L. , Tsai Feng-Ching , Shiah Jamie V. , Bassereau Patricia M. , Bustamante Carlos J. , Hurley James H. 
Published: July 2022

The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) system is an ancient and ubiquitous membrane scission machinery that catalyzes the budding and scission of membranes. ESCRT-mediated scission events, exemplified by those involved in the budding of HIV-1, are usually directed away from the cytosol (“reverse topology”), but they can also be directed toward the cytosol (“normal topology”). The ESCRT-III subunits CHMP1B and IST1 can coat and constrict positively curved membrane tubes, suggesting that these subunits could catalyze normal topology membrane severing. CHMP1B and IST1 bind and recruit the microtubule-severing AAA
+
ATPase spastin, a close relative of VPS4, suggesting that spastin could have a VPS4-like role in normal-topology membrane scission. Here, we reconstituted the process in vitro using membrane nanotubes pulled from giant unilamellar vesicles using an optical trap in order to determine whether CHMP1B and IST1 are capable of membrane severing on their own or in concert with VPS4 or spastin. CHMP1B and IST1 copolymerize on membrane nanotubes, forming stable scaffolds that constrict the tubes, but do not, on their own, lead to scission. However, CHMP1B–IST1 scaffolded tubes were severed when an additional extensional force was applied, consistent with a friction-driven scission mechanism. We found that spastin colocalized with CHMP1B-enriched sites but did not disassemble the CHMP1B–IST1 coat from the membrane. VPS4 resolubilized CHMP1B and IST1 without leading to scission. These observations show that the CHMP1B–IST1 ESCRT-III combination is capable of severing membranes by a friction-driven mechanism that is independent of VPS4 and spastin.
The acquisition of L2 Spanish intonation
Authors: Sánchez-Alvarado Covadonga 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study examines the developmental patterns manifested in the intonational grammar of American English-speaking learners of Spanish based on their use of intonational features (e.g., [±delayed peak], [±deaccentuation], or [±compression]) involved in focus marking in three different discursive contexts (i.e., broad focus, informational subject focus and corrective subject focus). The data, collected through a Question & Answer pairs task performed by learners and native speakers, suggests that while development towards the target language is possible, it is constrained by markedness and learnability. The analysis of the results is framed within Mennen’s L2 Intonation Learning theory, which considers the multidimensionality that characterizes intonational grammars and the complexity of the acquisition process as a result of it. Individual factors related to the learners’ experience (i.e., experience abroad and hours of exposure) were examined and extended periods of immersion (i.e., more than 8 months) were found to have a positive effect.
Language simplification in endangered languages?
Authors: Andrason Alexander , Sullivan John , Olko Justyna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present paper examines a hypothetical correlation between language endangerment and the simplification of nominal and verbal inflections. After contrasting the complexities exhibited by two endangered languages (Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl and Wymysorys) with the complexities of their non-endangered predecessors (Older Nahuatl and Middle High German, respectively), the authors conclude that the endangerment-simplification entanglement cannot be demonstrated. First, although Wymysorys (a more endangered code) is slightly more simplified than Nahuatl (a less endangered code) as far as the nominal domain is concerned, this relationship is reversed in the verbal domain. Second, simplifying tendencies are not radical, with a number of innovative complexifying processes being also present. Third, when attested, simplification constitutes part of a “natural” language evolution rather than a process resulting from the endangerment.