bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filamented Light (FLight) Biofabrication of Highly Aligned Tissue‐Engineered Constructs
Authors: Liu Hao , Chansoria Parth , Delrot Paul , Angelidakis Emmanouil , Rizzo Riccardo , Rütsche Dominic , Applegate Lee Ann , Loterie Damien , Zenobi‐Wong Marcy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCell‐laden hydrogels used in tissue engineering generally lack sufficient 3D topographical guidance for cells to mature into aligned tissues. A new strategy called filamented light (FLight) biofabrication rapidly creates hydrogels composed of unidirectional microfilament networks, with diameters on the length scale of single cells. Due to optical modulation instability, a light beam is divided optically into FLight beams. Local polymerization of a photoactive resin is triggered, leading to local increase in refractive index, which itself creates self‐focusing waveguides and further polymerization of photoresin into long hydrogel microfilaments. Diameter and spacing of the microfilaments can be tuned from 2 to 30 µm by changing the coherence length of the light beam. Microfilaments show outstanding cell instructive properties with fibroblasts, tenocytes, endothelial cells, and myoblasts, influencing cell alignment, nuclear deformation, and extracellular matrix deposition. FLight is compatible with multiple types of photoresins and allows for biofabrication of centimeter‐scale hydrogel constructs with excellent cell viability within seconds (<10 s per construct). Multidirectional microfilaments are achievable within a single hydrogel construct by changing the direction of FLight projection, and complex multimaterial/multicellular tissue‐engineered constructs are possible by sequentially exchanging the cell‐laden photoresin. FLight offers a transformational approach to developing anisotropic tissues using photo‐crosslinkable biomaterials.
Soft Human–Machine Interface Sensing Displays: Materials and Devices
Authors: Yu Seunggun , Park Tae Hyun , Jiang Wei , Lee Seung Won , Kim Eui Hyuk , Lee Seokyeong , Park Jung‐Eun , Park Cheolmin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of human‐interactive sensing displays (HISDs) that simultaneously detect and visualize stimuli is important for numerous cutting‐edge human–machine interface technologies. Therefore, innovative device platforms with optimized architectures of HISDs combined with novel high‐performance sensing and display materials are demonstrated. This study comprehensively reviews the recent advances in HISDs, particularly the device architectures that enable scaling‐down and simplifying the HISD, as well as material designs capable of directly visualizing input information received by various sensors. Various HISD platforms for integrating sensors and displays are described. HISDs consist of a sensor and display connected through a microprocessor, and attempts to assemble the two devices by eliminating the microprocessor are detailed. Single‐device HISD technologies are highlighted in which input stimuli acquired by sensory components are directly visualized with various optical components, such as electroluminescence, mechanoluminescence and structural color. The review forecasts future HISD technologies that demand the development of materials with molecular‐level synthetic precision that enables simultaneous sensing and visualization. Furthermore, emerging HISDs combined with artificial intelligence technologies and those enabling simultaneous detection and visualization of extrasensory information are discussed.
Highly Flexible and Conductive Electrodes through Combining Honeycomb and Butterfly Pattern Bio‐Inspired Structure for ECG Signal Recording
Authors: Hou Qi , Wang Min , Han Chunyang , Gao Kuiyang , Liu Ruiyao , Yao Guofeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent advances in the development of flexible electronic devices have increased the demand for flexibility and conductivity. However, there is still a significant challenge to manufacture flexible electrodes featuring satisfactory mechanical and conductivity performance simultaneously. In this paper, based on synergistically combining theoretical structural design and screen printing, a new flexible electrode with butterfly‐shaped honeycomb (BSH) negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) structure through combining honeycomb and butterfly pattern bio‐inspired structure is designed and fabricated. And the flexibility and conductivity of different substrate electrodes are investigated. Results demonstrate that flexible electrode of polyamide (PA) substrate with BSH‐NPR structure can effectively boost the conductivity during the large deformation process, resulting in higher bending‐resistant (the resistance is only 4.1 Ω at 180°), fatigue‐resistance (only 4.5 Ω after 1000 cycles), stretching‐resistance (only 20.3 Ω at 20% strain), and self‐recovery (releasing strain enables re‐joining, namely, conductive) properties. Particularly, the electrode is still conductive when the strain of that is 40% and shows promising mechanical properties. Electrocardiography (ECG) signals recorded on the volunteer's chest, fingertips (no bending), and knuckles (repeated bending) are successfully exhibited with superior accuracy and long‐term stability for flexible electrode fabricated in this paper, demonstrating greater potential in biological signal monitoring applications.
Antisolvent Treatment on Wet Solution‐Processed CuSCN Hole Transport Layer Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Perumbalathodi Nideesh , Su Tzu‐Sen , Wei Tzu‐Chien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAmong the various inorganic hole‐transporting materials for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), CuSCN is identified as a promising candidate for commercialization applications owing to its abundance and solution processability with alkyl sulfides. Although CuSCN possesses high intrinsic thermal stability, the existence of diethyl sulfide (DES) residue during the wet processing of CuSCN films accelerates perovskite degradation, impeding the practical application of CuSCN in PSC applications. This study demonstrates a new antisolvent‐treatment strategy to extract DES residue from CuSCN. The antisolvent treatment with the aid of diethyl ether (DEE) successfully results in a dense and high‐quality CuSCN film with improved surface morphology, trap density, and hole extraction ability. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency of DEE‐treated CuSCN‐based PSCs improves from 16.84% to 18.34% with superior long‐term stability. This study provides a simple method for the preparation of high‐quality CuSCN films that can effectively be applied to the large‐area fabrication of CuSCN‐based PSCs.
Cellulose Nanocrystals–Tin‐Oxide Hybrid Electron Transport Layers for Solar Energy Conversion
Authors: Niazi Muhammad Rizwan , Zhao Heng , Lamarche Renaud Miclette , Munir Rahim , Trudel Simon , Hu Jinguang , Welch Gregory C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPetro‐derived organic cathode interlayers (CILs) can modify the tin‐oxide (SnO2) electron transport layer (ETL) in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) to address the energy‐level alignment, charge extraction, and device shelf‐life instability challenges. However, the potential eco‐hazardousness of petro sources used to synthesize such CILs and the toxicity of processing solvents warrant the discovery of sustainable and commercially viable substitutes. Herein, a low‐cost, biocompatible, and water‐processable CIL based on amine‐functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC‐a) is introduced to enhance the performance of OPVs by mitigating surface defects of the SnO2 ETL. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals a reduction in water traps after SnO2 modification with CNC‐a. The electrical characterization shows that CNC‐a modification improves the conductivity of the SnO2. CNC‐a inhibits charge recombination and improves the charge collection ability leading to power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of >13% in halogen‐free solvent and air‐processed PBDB‐T‐SF (PM6):BTP‐4F‐12 (Y6‐C12)‐based OPVs. The SnO2/CNC‐a bilayer ETL‐based devices exhibit relatively high shelf‐life device stability. Fully slot‐die‐coated (where SnO2, CNC‐a, and bulk heterojunction [PM6:Y6‐C12] are coated) large area bottom cathode cells (PCE > 10%) are demonstrated, showcasing the utility for scale‐up. This work opens a viable and sustainable pathway to develop bio‐derived materials for scalable OPVs.
Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in 2D Materials for Solar‐Power Harvesting
Authors: Aftab Sikandar , Iqbal Muhammad Zahir , Haider Zeeshan , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Nazir Ghazanfar , Shehzad Muhammad Arslan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is highly desirable for exploring and discovering new materials and outcome‐based approaches to exceed the Shockley–Queisser limit for single‐junction photovoltaic cells. Low‐dimensional piezoelectric materials have the potential to generate the optoelectronic phenomenon called the bulk photovoltaic effect, which is not limited by the theoretical limit for solar radiation into electricity conversion. The recent development of 2D materials has demonstrated that by using the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) for crystals lacking inversion symmetry, it is possible to overcome this limit. So far, the exploration of p–n junction designs has been addressed in several review articles. However, the mechanism of BPVE differs from traditional p–n junction‐based photovoltaics in 2D materials. In this focused review, various concepts regarding the shift‐current response are explored, both from theoretical and experimental points of view, which are generated in the framework of deformed 2D materials. Finally, prospective approaches for building BPVE‐based next‐generation solar cells using ultrathin 2D materials are presented. These materials are expected to work better than current methods of turning energy into electricity.
High‐Performance Visible to Near‐Infrared Broadband Bi2O2Se Nanoribbon Photodetectors
Authors: Wei Yuchao , Chen Chao , Tan Chong , He Le , Ren Zhengze , Zhang Chaoyi , Peng Silu , Han Jiayue , Zhou Hongxi , Wang Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOwing to its suitable electronic bandgap, excellent air stability, and high carrier mobility at room temperature, low‐dimensional bismuth oxyselenide (Bi2O2Se) has become attractive in the context of visible–near‐infrared (VIS–NIR) detection. However, the high carrier concentration and bolometric effect of Bi2O2Se nanosheets are not conducive to reducing the dark current and improving the response speed, which hinders Bi2O2Se nanosheet‐based photodetectors from achieving an optimal performance. In this study, a Bi2O2Se nanoribbon is controllably synthesized on a fluorophlogopite substrate by means of the chemical vapor deposition approach. Through the use of a Bi2O2Se nanoribbon structure and the application of a Schottky barrier between the Bi2O2Se and Au electrodes, a fast response and low noise photodetector is achieved. More specifically, the response times are 2.1 and 313 µs at 650 and 1550 nm, respectively, and the corresponding optimal detectivities are 3.28 × 1013 and 8.07 × 109 Jones. Furthermore, the device reaches a −3 dB bandwidth of 81 kHz and exhibits a responsivity of 3.2 × 105 A W−1 at 650 nm under a bias of 5 V. This study provides new opportunities for the application of high‐performance VIS–NIR photodetectors.
Efficacy and Safety of Inosine Pranobex in COVID‐19 Patients: A Multicenter Phase 3 Randomized Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trial
Authors: C R Jayanthi , Swain Ashok K , Ganga Ranganath T , Halnor Dnyaneshwar , Avhad Ajit , Khan Mohd. Saif , Ghosh Ayan , Choudhary Sumer Sanjiv , Yannawar Anand Namdevrao , Despande Shubhangi , Patel Manish , Anne Krishna Prasad , Bangar Yogesh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInosine pranobex (IP), an immunomodulatory agent, is used in the treatment of various viral infections. The results of a phase 3 randomized controlled trial are reported, evaluating the efficacy and safety of IP in the treatment of mild to moderate COVID‐19. It includes 416 symptomatic patients with confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In addition to a defined standard of care, patients randomly (1:1) receive either IP 500 mg tablet (IP group) or a matching placebo (placebo group) at 50 mg kg−1 body weight/day rounded to the nearest 500 mg dose (maximum 4 g day−1) administered in 3–4 divided doses for 10 days. Compared to the placebo group, IP group shows significantly higher rates of clinical response (CR) and clinical cure (CC) on Day‐6 for both non‐hospitalized patients and the total population. IP group shows significantly earlier CR and CC with fewer adverse events and no mortality. Based on these findings and the fact that IP increases natural killer cell‐mediated cytotoxicity of virus‐infected cells as an early immune response to viral infection and enhances NKG2D ligand expression, it is concluded that IP should be started early to maximize the benefit in mild to moderate COVID‐19 patients. (Trial registration number: CTRI/2021/02/030892).
Enhanced Energy Density and Efficiency in Lead‐Free Sodium Niobate‐Based Relaxor Antiferroelectric Ceramics for Electrostatic Energy Storage Application
Authors: Pan Tianze , Zhang Ji , Guan Zhan‐Nan , Yan Yiming , Ma Jiajun , Li Xiongjie , Guo Shun , Wang Jing , Wang Yaojin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAntiferroelectric ceramics are recently, a research hotspot for electrostatic energy storage because of their large electric‐field induced polarization. Lead‐free sodium niobate (NaNbO3)‐based ceramics are one of the emerging antiferroelectric counterparts. However, the unstable antiferroelectric phase seriously restricts the further improvement of energy density and efficiency. In this work, by introducing binary perovskite end‐member BiFeO3–BaTiO3 with lower tolerance factor and average electronegativity into NaNbO3 ceramics, the stablized antiferroelectric phase with improved relaxation characteristic is identified by slim double‐like polarization‐electric field (P–E) loops and four‐peak current–electric field (I–E) curves. Meanwhile, the antiferroelectric P to R phase transition is verified through Raman spectra, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and dielectric performance. In particular, the enhanced electric breakdown strength Eb is achieved by synergic contributions from ultralow dielectric loss, reduced grain size, and so on. Consequently, the sample with optimized composition displays ultrahigh recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) of 14.5 J cm−3 and satisfied efficiency (η) of 83.9%, which shows the superiority in the state‐of‐the‐art dielectric ceramics. These results provide a feasible route by regulating the relationship between antiferroelectric structure and properties to explore high‐performance dielectrics for electrostatic energy storage applications.
Allergic Diseases and Risk of Incident Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Joh Hee‐Kyung , Kwon Hyuktae , Son Ki Young , Yun Jae Moon , Cho Su Hwan , Han Kyungdo , Park Jin‐Ho , Cho Belong 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the associations between the allergic triad (asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis) and risk of dementia.MethodsParticipants comprised 6,785,948 adults aged ≥40 years who participated in a national health examination in 2009 without any history of dementia before baseline. From 2009 to 2017, we prospectively investigated the associations between physician‐diagnosed allergic diseases and risk of incident dementia (all‐cause, Alzheimer's disease [AD], vascular dementia [VaD]) ascertained using national health insurance claims data.ResultsDuring 8.1 years of follow‐up, 260,705 dementia cases (195,739 AD, 32,789 VaD) were identified. Allergic diseases were positively associated with dementia risk. Compared with individuals without allergic diseases, multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) of all‐cause dementia were 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–1.22) in those with asthma, 1.10 (95% CI 1.09–1.12) with allergic rhinitis, 1.16 (95% CI 1.11–1.21) with atopic dermatitis, and 1.13 (95% CI 1.12–1.14) with any of these allergies. Similarly, individuals with any of the allergic triad had a higher risk of AD (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.14–1.17) and VaD (HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.06) than those without any allergic disease. As the number of comorbid allergic diseases increased, the risk of dementia increased linearly (Ptrend ≤ 0.002). Compared with individuals without allergies, those with all three allergic diseases had substantially increased risk of all‐cause dementia (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.35–1.75), AD (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.25–1.70), and VaD (HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.44–2.75).InterpretationAsthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were significantly associated with increased risk of all‐cause dementia and subtypes, with dose–effect relationships with the severity of allergic diseases. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:384–397
Comment on ‘Gravitational Analysis of Rotating Charged Black‐Hole‐Like Solution in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet Gravity’
Authors: Azreg‐Aïnou Mustapha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe author reviews the derivations of the rotating metric made in Ann. Phys. (Berlin), 2022, 2200074, and shows that the analysis yielding the solution is flawed throughout the paper.
TBAX/Oxone‐Mediated Halogenation of Pyrazoles and Other Heterocycles: An Entry to Important Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Kour Jaspreet , Khajuria Pratiksha , Sharma Alpa , Sawant Sanghapal D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA facile, sustainable and eco‐friendly protocol has been developed for the halogenation of various heterocycles using TBAX (TBAI/TBAB/TBACl) as halogenating agent, which afforded the products in 90–95% isolated yields. The reaction proceeds with low‐cost TBAX and uses greener conditions like EtOH as a solvent and microwave as an alternative energy source for reaction. This protocol has been applied on pyrazoles and extended to different heterocycles like 7‐azaindole, indazole, indole and 2‐phenylimidazo[1,2‐α]pyridines. The gram‐scale iodination reaction has also been successfully performed by optimizing conventional heating conditions, which demonstrates its potential applicability in organic synthesis. Further these halogenated pyrazoles have been utilized for different coupling reactions including formation of arylated, alkynylated and sulfenated pyrazoles. However, TBAF mediated fluorination did not work.
MXene//MnO2 Asymmetric Supercapacitors with High Voltages and High Energy Densities
Authors: Zheng Wei , Halim Joseph , Yang Li , Badr Hussein O. , Sun ZhengMing , Persson Per O. Å. , Rosen Johanna , Barsoum Michel W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the work of Prof. Rosen's and Prof. Barsoum's groups at Linköping and Drexel Universities. The cover picture shows two typical cross‐sectional images of TMA+‐MnO2 and Mo1.33CTz free‐standing films, with highly stacked flakes, exhibiting excellent flexibility and high volumetric capacitances. Micrographs taken by Dr. W. Zeng and colorized and aesthetically enhanced by Patricia Lyons of Moorestown, NJ. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/batt.202200151.
Auswirkungen der Torsionssteifigkeit auf das Tragverhalten von Betonbrücken mit Plattenbalkenquerschnitt
Authors: Meyer Saskia , Göhlmann Joachim , Wichers Marco , Oettel Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFür eine nachhaltige Bemessung von Stahlbeton‐ und Spannbetonbrücken in den Grenzzuständen der Tragfähigkeit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit ist eine realitätsgetreue Abschätzung der Torsionssteifigkeit in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe der Beanspruchung notwendig. Unter anderem aufgrund des aktuell begrenzten Kenntnisstands sind normative Grundlagen für die Nachrechnung von Brückenbauwerken lediglich eingeschränkt vorhanden und für die Brückenneubemessung nicht vorgesehen. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über das Torsionstragverhalten und insbesondere die Torsionssteifigkeit von Stahlbeton‐ und Spannbetonbauteilen mit Plattenbalkenquerschnitt. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf der mit der Reduzierung der Torsionssteifigkeit einhergehenden Schnittgrößenumlagerung im Gesamtsystem, was u. a. zu geringeren Bemessungstorsionsmomenten und folglich zu einer kleineren erforderlichen Bewehrungsmenge für die Torsionsbeanspruchung führt. Dieses wird anschaulich anhand einer Parameterstudie mit dem Modell nach Bieger sowie am Beispiel einer Brückennachrechnung und der Bemessung eines Brückenneubaus in Spannbetonbauweise erläutert.
Scanning electron microscopy imaging of insulin amyloid fibrils directly grown on silicon substrate: A suggestion for complementary imaging strategy
Authors: Thieu Minh Thu , Shin Jihoon , Ogawa Takashi , Park Eun Jin , Kwon Ji‐Hwan , Ha Tai Hwan , Kim Young Heon , Ahn Sang Jung 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA new visualization method of insulin amyloid fibril has been presented via conventional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which can be applied to confirm the fibril formation and any effect of additives. We have demonstrated that native insulin amyloid fibrils can be imaged without any metal coating on the silicon substrate and were attributed to the attenuation effect upon the collected secondary electrons. The conventional SEM observations consistently showed distinct morphologies of the fibrils under the effects of three different molecules (citrulline, ectoin, and trehalose) and well coincident with atomic force microscopic (AFM) data. In spite of negative result for trehalose‐treated samples with conventional thioflavin T (Th‐T) assay, thin and long fibrils were thoroughly observed and it revealed a complementary capability of the present strategy. In addition, direct sampling of amyloid fibrils on silicon chips for SEM observations substantially expedites the sampling and searching efforts, thereby shedding a new light on inhibitor screening approach for diverse amyloid fibrillation.
Deciphering the chemical composition of Ganoderma lucidum from different geographical origins by mass spectrometry molecular networking coupled with multivariate analysis
Authors: Liu Jia , Chen Guobao , Yang Junhui , Sheng Leilei , Tang Xuexiao , Zhang Xiao , Hua Haibing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGanoderma lucidum is a medicinal fungus that has been widely used in China and many Asian countries for thousands of years. This once rare macrofungus has now been artificially cultivated in a number of regions in China. However, detailed knowledge of its composition across different geographical origins is still lacking, as are analytical methods for comprehensive profiling of the diverse phytochemicals contained in G. lucidum. In this work, an on‐demand strategy based on high‐resolution MS and molecular networking is applied for natural product characterization, which led to the identification of 84 constituents in G. lucidum. Moreover, multivariate analysis, including hierarchical cluster analysis and orthogonal partial least squares‐discriminant analysis, was used to analyze the (dis)similarity of the G. lucidum samples collected from the three main production areas (i.e., Jilin, Henan and Shandong Province). The results revealed a significant variation in the chemical composition of samples from different provinces. Marker constituents corresponding to the differentiation were then screened in terms of the variable importance in projection value, P‐value and fold change. A total of 24 constituents were identified as geoherbalism markers, such as ganoderenic acid A for Henan, ganolucidic acid B for Jilin and ganodernoid D for Shandong. This proof‐of‐concept application demonstrates that combining MS molecular networking with meticulous multivariate analysis can provide a sensitive and comprehensive analytical approach for the quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients. This study also suggests that the bioactivity and efficacy from different origins should be further evaluated considering the large difference in chemical compositions.