bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of occupational therapy for the self‐management of rheumatoid arthritis: A protocol for a mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Gavin James P. , Rossiter Laura , Fenerty Vicky , Leese Jenny , Hammond Alison , Davidson Eileen , Backman Catherine L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundOccupational therapists can support people with rheumatoid arthritis to self‐manage their disease symptoms and engage in daily activities. This protocol reports a review to broaden understanding of what is known about the role of occupational therapy in the self‐management of rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsStudies involving adults with rheumatoid arthritis, having participated in self‐management involving occupational therapy, will be included. Patient involvement will help develop the search strategy by identifying patient‐centred interventions and outcomes to complement those identified by researchers. An electronic search will be performed using several bibliographic databases, including grey literature from subject‐specific, health‐related, and social care databases. Searches will run from the database inception until the date that the search is conducted (December 2021–May 2022). Retrieved studies will be de‐duplicated, and the remaining titles and abstracts will be screened by three reviewers. Full texts of all eligible studies will be independently reviewed by the reviewers to select papers for data extraction and quality assessment. Outcomes are function, pain, fatigue and lived experience. For quantitative studies, data will be synthesised using descriptive statistics in text and tables, whereas for qualitative studies, data will be synthesised using thematic synthesis.DiscussionThis review will synthesise current evidence on how occupational therapy can help the self‐management of rheumatoid arthritis. It will include evidence of best practice, including advice, education and training provided by occupational therapists. These findings can inform future research and the selection of strategies to promote quality of life for people with rheumatoid arthritis.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022302205
A New Genotyping-in-Thousands-by-Sequencing Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Panel for Mixed-Stock Analysis of Chum Salmon from Coastal Western Alaska
Authors: McKinney Garrett J. , Barry Patrick D. , Pascal Carita , Seeb James E. , Seeb Lisa W. , McPhee Megan V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Genetic stock identification is becoming increasingly important in the management of Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta from western Alaska due to frequent run failures in recent times. It has been notoriously difficult to distinguish populations of summer-run Chum Salmon among four major regions in coastal western Alaska: Norton Sound, lower Yukon River, Kuskokwim River, and Nushagak River. Here we developed and evaluated a panel of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers designed to coamplify using the genotyping-in-thousands by sequencing (GT-seq) method, which would greatly enhance the efficiency of genotyping samples from baseline populations and from mixed-stock fisheries or incidental catches. We selected 479 SNPs in 355 amplicons from ~30,000 candidate SNPs for the GT-seq panel. Evaluations using single-stock and realistic fishery mixture simulations indicated that the panel was able to satisfactorily distinguish Norton Sound from the other regions to the south but was unable to distinguish among lower Yukon, Kuskokwim, and Nushagak rivers with accuracy &gt;90%. The low degree of population structure among Chum Salmon in this region, described in previous studies and confirmed with tens of thousands of SNPs here, means that genetic stock identification will be inadequate to guide management decisions at the spatial scale desired by stakeholders and fishery managers in the region.
A nonperiodic Chebyshev spectral method avoiding penalization techniques for a class of nonlinear peridynamic models
Authors: Lopez Luciano , Pellegrino Sabrina Francesca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the framework of elastodynamics, peridynamics is a nonlocal theory able to capture singularities without using partial derivatives. The governing equation is a second order in time partial integro‐differential equation. In this article, we focus on a one‐dimensional nonlinear model of peridynamics and propose a spectral method based on the Chebyshev polynomials to discretize in space. The main capability of the method is that it avoids the assumption of periodic boundary condition in the solution and can benefit of the use of the fast Fourier transform. We show its convergence and find that the method results to be very efficient in terms of accuracy and execution time with respect to spectral methods based on the Fourier trigonometric polynomials associated to a volume penalization technique.
On the computational treatment of fully coupled crystal plasticity slip and martensitic transformation constitutive models at finite strains
Authors: Vieira de Carvalho Miguel , Cardoso Coelho Rui Pedro , Pires Francisco M. Andrade 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, four numerical techniques are formulated to improve the reliability and numerical efficiency of stress update algorithms of crystal‐plasticity‐like phenomena at finite strains. The resulting algorithmic setting is especially relevant for structural analyses of polycrystals and the multiscale evaluation of anisotropic microstructures in metallic materials. These techniques are exemplified with a constitutive model, which couples crystallographic slip and martensitic transformation deformation mechanisms with a viscous regularization. The model is characterized by a set of highly coupled equations expressed in a single system and solved by a monolithic solution procedure. The first technique employs a sub‐stepping procedure to generate a better initial guess for the Newton–Raphson scheme used in the iterative solution of the equilibrium problem at the Gauss quadrature point. Then, a logarithmic discretization of the exponential parameter of the viscoplastic law is proposed to approximate the target value of the exponential parameter incrementally in the return mapping algorithm. A strategy to remove the strain‐rate dependence and reduce the necessary viscoplastic parameters is also presented to help with the stiff equations that arise in the rate‐independent limit. Finally, an efficient strategy is suggested to complete the transformation process when the full martensitic transformation is approached. These techniques can be easily used in any combination and dramatically improve the model's efficiency by enabling more significant incremental steps to be used within the monolithic solution procedure. A thorough assessment of their impact is shown in a series of ablation studies.
Maximum principle for partially observed stochastic recursive optimal control problems involving impulse controls
Authors: Wu Zhen , Zhang Yan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on a stochastic recursive optimal control problem involving impulse control under partially observed information and obtains the related maximum principle. Unlike the classical literature, both the regular control (considering the nonconvexity of the domain) and the impulse control (where the domain is convex) are considered in the framework. In virtue of two types of variational methods, spike variation and convex variation, the Pontryagin maximum principle is established. In addition, to demonstrate the validity of the results, this article investigates a differential game problem as an application.
Transport properties of O2, N2, and CO2 through the CMS membranes derived from tris(4‐aminophenyl)amine‐based polyimides
Authors: Liu Xiangyun , Liu Shan , Li Ye , Zong Xueping , Luo Jiangzhou , Zhang Chunxue , Xue Song 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTwo carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes (XS22‐600 and XS23‐600) with closely matched pore‐size distribution were prepared via conditional pyrolysis of the hyperbranched tris(4‐aminophenyl)amine (TAPA)‐based polyimide membranes. The differentiation in their nitrogen contents comes from the dianhydride monomers, 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and pyromellitic (PMDA). These CMS membranes were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, XRD, XPS, and Raman analysis. XS22‐600 with larger ultra‐micropores has a lower selectivity of 3.6 than XS23‐600 (4.1), implying the molecular sieving mechanism domains in O2/N2 separation. XS22‐600 with higher nitrogen content exhibits a higher selectivity of 19.1 than XS23‐600 (13.1) in CO2/N2 separation. The doped nitrogen atoms exhibit a beneficial effect on CO2 surface diffusing through the CMS membranes. This work provides empirical data for understanding the synergistic effect of selective surface diffusing and molecular sieving in CO2/N2 separation.
Effects of core‐shell structured rubber on biobased polyamide 56 with stiffness and toughness balance
Authors: Zhang Yuhui , Guo Weihong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is great social awareness concerning the use of biobased materials of diminishing the rapid resource depletion and suppressing global warming. The inherent drawbacks of biobased polyamide 56 (PA56) such as poor notched impact strength limit its applications. Core‐shell structured impact modifiers consisting of a soft glycidyl methacrylate grafted poly(ethylene–octene) (POE‐g‐GMA) shell and a rigid polypropylene core were synthesized through the differences in interfacial tensions. Core‐shell rubber (CSR) particles were used to toughen biobased PA56 by melt blending. PA56/CSR composites exhibited a 560% increase in the impact strength, while the tensile performance loss was slight. This desirable toughness of biobased PA56 is attributed to the cavitation that occurred in POE‐g‐GMA shell which can induce shear bands and shear yielding, forming the fibrils. Characterizations, including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), melt rheological tests, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were conducted to study the toughening mechanism. The results indicated the massive shearing yielding, the cavitation of the CSR and interfacial debonding between the POE‐g‐GMA and the PP were the principal toughening mechanisms.
Severity of hearing loss after platinum chemotherapy in childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Strebel Sven , Mader Luzius , Sláma Tomáš , Waespe Nicolas , Weiss Annette , Parfitt Ross , am Zehnhoff‐Dinnesen Antoinette , Kompis Martin , von der Weid Nicolas X. , Ansari Marc , Kuehni Claudia E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHearing loss is a potential side effect from childhood cancer treatment. We described the severity of hearing loss assessed by audiometry in a representative national cohort of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and identified clinical risk factors.ProcedureWe included all CCS from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry who were diagnosed ≤18 age and treated with platinum‐based chemotherapy between 1990 and 2014. We extracted audiograms, treatment‐related information, and demographic data from medical records. Two reviewers independently assessed the severity of hearing loss at latest follow‐up using the Münster Ototoxicity Scale. We used ordered logistic regression to identify clinical risk factors for severity of hearing loss.ResultsWe analyzed data from 270 CCS. Median time from cancer diagnosis to last audiogram was 5 years (interquartile range 2.5–8.1 years). We found 53 (20%) CCS with mild, 78 (29%) with moderate, and 75 (28%) with severe hearing loss. Higher severity grades were associated with (a) younger age at cancer diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] 5.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5–12.0 for <5 years); (b) treatment in earlier years (OR 4.8, 95% CI: 2.1–11.0 for 1990–1995); (c) higher cumulative cisplatin doses (OR 13.5, 95% CI: 4.7–38.8 for >450 mg/m2); (d) concomitant cranial radiation therapy (CRT) (OR 4.4, 95% CI: 2.5–7.8); and (e) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.0–7.2).ConclusionThree of four CCS treated with platinum‐based chemotherapy experienced some degree of hearing loss. We recommend closely monitoring patient's hearing function if treated at a young age with high cumulative cisplatin doses, and concomitant CRT as part of long‐term care.
Co‐management of communication and care in adolescent and young adult oncology
Authors: Sisk Bryan A. , Keenan Megan , Kaye Erica C. , Baker Justin N. , Mack Jennifer W. , DuBois James M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundClinicians have an ethical and practical imperative to engage adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer in communication and care. Many young AYAs have involved parents, but guidelines for co‐management of care with AYAs and their parents are lacking.MethodsWe performed 37 semistructured interviews with AYAs aged 12−24 years at diagnosis, recruiting them from two pediatric cancer centers. We performed thematic analysis, aiming to understand how AYAs and their parents navigate their roles in communication and care.ResultsWe identified six roles that AYAs co‐managed with their parents: (1) managing information, (2) managing social and emotional needs, (3) managing health, (4) advocating and empowering, (5) making decisions, and (6) managing logistics. AYAs tended to take more active roles in managing information and more passive roles in managing logistics, managing health, and making decisions. AYAs described how they and their parents had mutual responsibilities to be strong and to protect other's emotions. Additionally, we identified five factors that influenced AYAs’ roles in communication and care: (1) AYA agency, (2) clinician encouragement, (3) emotional and physical well‐being, (4) personality, preferences, and values, and (5) insights and skills.ConclusionsAYAs have nuanced preferences for how they are involved in communication and care roles. Clinicians can help families to clarify their preferences and values around these roles in a way that meets each family's unique needs. Future studies should aim to develop tools that support the fulfillment of these engagement goals.
Areca/synthetic fibers reinforced based epoxy hybrid composites for semi‐structural applications
Authors: Yashas Gowda T. G. , Vinod A. , Madhu P. , Sanjay M. R. , Siengchin Suchart , Jawaid Mohammad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe recent developments and technological advancement in material science focus on the utilization of biodegradable material in various engineering applications. The increase in concern for the damages happening by synthetic materials has made the researchers develop novel materials that can reduce the use of synthetic materials to minimize the environmental problem and societal anxiety. In this work, the four‐layered areca/carbon/kevlar/carbon–kevlar hybrid fiber‐reinforced epoxy laminates were prepared by using hand layup technique for seven different stacking sequence. The prepared laminates were evaluated for mechanical, thermal, and water absorption behavior to study the hybridization effect on the properties of the composites. The result indicated that areca/carbon composites had better mechanical properties than areca/kevlar, areca/carbon–kevlar hybrid laminates. Hybridization of areca fiber with synthetic fibers had significant effect on the mechanical properties of the composites. The water absorption behavior and thermal property of the laminates improved with addition of synthetic fibers to areca fiber. Morphological analysis showed strong bonding with fibers and reinforcements, with fewer voids. Therefore, the developed areca/synthetic fiber hybrid composites can be used for semi‐structural engineering applications.
Mechanochemical modification of crosslinked low‐density polyethylene: Effect of solid‐state shear pulverization on crosslinks, branches, and chain lengths
Authors: Zack Spencer J. , Herrold Nathan T. , Wakabayashi Katsuyuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCrosslinked low‐density polyethylene (XLLDPE) is widely used in several specialty plastics industries. However, the permanent chemical crosslinks cause high‐melt viscosity and poor processability, preventing the material from being reused and recycled effectively. This study investigates solid‐state shear pulverization (SSSP) as a continuous, commercially viable mechanochemical processing technique to initiate the decrosslinking of XLLDPE for mechanical recycling. Post‐industrial XLLDPE scrap material was processed using SSSP with a range of pulverization conditions, which were correlated with universal processing covariants of specific mechanical energy and particle size distribution. The physical properties of SSSP‐processed materials were compared to as‐received XLLDPE and uncrosslinked low‐density polyethylene. While gel content tests confirm a gradual decrease in crosslinking density with a more energy‐intensive SSSP process, melt rheology and dynamic mechanical analysis characterization revealed additional chain architecture modifications such as branching and chain scission. Based on differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, the SSSP‐processed XLLDPE retained its thermal stability and crystallinity; tensile testing results showed improved stiffness, strength, and toughness. These results indicate that tunable SSSP can transform XLLDPE into a decrosslinked, branched, and melt‐processable recycled polyethylene.
Strain‐hardening and breakdown in poly(vinylidene fluoride) gels in methyl‐ethyl‐ketone and heptanone
Authors: Link Jessica , Tauban Mathieu , Pieri Riccardo , Sanseau Olivier , Sotta Paul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGelation kinetics and rheological properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) [P(VDF‐co‐HFP)] solutions in methyl‐ethyl‐ketone and in 2‐heptanone are investigated. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering measurements indicate that the systems undergo phase separation by a nucleation process. For concentrations between 6 and 10 wt% of copolymer, strain‐hardening appears when gels are sheared in the nonlinear regime, around 50% of deformation. At some critical shear amplitude, the rheological response changes abruptly, but reversibly, from hyperelastic towards viscous liquid. This indicates that the system undergo fracture or shear banding, in bulk or at walls. In other words the continuous network formed by the elastic, polymer‐rich phase is locally broken under high amplitude oscillatory shear, thus breaking down the overall elastic response of the material. More interestingly, when the strain amplitude is progressively decreased back to zero, the initial nonlinear viscoelastic behavior is quantitatively recovered. In addition, when the strain is removed, the solution turns back to gel state very fast as compared with thermal gelation kinetics. These observations indicate that the initial structure can heal within a short time. It is proposed that strain‐hardening depends on the intrinsic hyperelastic behavior of the polymer‐rich phase, which should have a high density of effective crosslinks and/or entanglements.
What the protein data bank tells us about the evolutionary conservation of protein conformational diversity
Authors: Iyer Mallika , Jaroszewski Lukasz , Sedova Mayya , Godzik Adam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProteins sample a multitude of different conformations by undergoing small‐ and large‐scale conformational changes that are often intrinsic to their functions. Information about these changes is often captured in the Protein Data Bank by the apparently redundant deposition of independent structural solutions of identical proteins. Here, we mine these data to examine the conservation of large‐scale conformational changes between homologous proteins. This is important for both practical reasons, such as predicting alternative conformations of a protein by comparative modeling, and conceptual reasons, such as understanding the extent of conservation of different features in evolution. To study this question, we introduce a novel approach to compare conformational changes between proteins by the comparison of their difference distance maps (DDMs). We found that proteins undergoing similar conformational changes have similar DDMs and that this similarity could be quantified by the correlation between the DDMs. By comparing the DDMs of homologous protein pairs, we found that large‐scale conformational changes show a high level of conservation across a broad range of sequence identities. This shows that conformational space is usually conserved between homologs, even relatively distant ones.
MOC 101—Fundamentals for effective change management
Authors: Faulk Nancy , Costa da Fonseca Camila 
Published: June 2022

AbstractManagement of change (MOC) is the cornerstone of a successful risk‐based process safety (RBPS) management program. Safe operation and maintenance of facilities that manufacture or store hazardous chemicals require robust process safety management (PSM) systems. The MOC element of a PSM program establishes a formal, documented, and authorization process for any proposed changes to manage changes that may introduce unexpected new hazards or increase the risk of existing hazards. Furthermore, the MOC process ensures that changes are communicated to potentially affected personnel, as well as ensures that all affected documentation is updated. A poor MOC program has been a root cause of several process safety incidents, including the Flixborough disaster. The temporary modifications did not go through a proper review process; an effective MOC program could have discovered the design flaws before the change was implemented and prevented the explosion. In addition to case studies such as this, this paper will provide an overview of best management practices and essential features for the MOC element, which can be used as a basis to develop or evaluate existing MOC management systems, and as a result, play a role in identifying hazards, managing risk, and sustaining safe operations.
Does the choice of applied physiologically‐based pharmacokinetics platform matter? A case study on simvastatin disposition and drug–drug interaction
Authors: Prieto Garcia Luna , Lundahl Anna , Ahlström Christine , Vildhede Anna , Lennernäs Hans , Sjögren Erik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhysiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models have an important role in drug discovery/development and decision making in regulatory submissions. This is facilitated by predefined PBPK platforms with user‐friendly graphical interface, such as Simcyp and PK‐Sim. However, evaluations of platform differences and the potential implications for disposition‐related applications are still lacking. The aim of this study was to assess how PBPK model development, input parameters, and model output are affected by the selection of PBPK platform. This is exemplified via the establishment of simvastatin PBPK models (workflow, final models, and output) in PK‐Sim and Simcyp as representatives of established whole‐body PBPK platforms. The major finding was that the choice of PBPK platform influenced the model development strategy and the final model input parameters, however, the predictive performance of the simvastatin models was still comparable between the platforms. The main differences between the structure and implementation of Simcyp and PK‐Sim were found in the absorption and distribution models. Both platforms predicted equally well the observed simvastatin (lactone and acid) pharmacokinetics (20–80 mg), BCRP and OATP1B1 drug–gene interactions (DGIs), and drug–drug interactions (DDIs) when co‐administered with CYP3A4 and OATP1B1 inhibitors/inducers. This study illustrates that in‐depth knowledge of established PBPK platforms is needed to enable an assessment of the consequences of PBPK platform selection. Specifically, this work provides insights on software differences and potential implications when bridging PBPK knowledge between Simcyp and PK‐Sim users. Finally, it provides a simvastatin model implemented in both platforms for risk assessment of metabolism‐ and transporter‐mediated DGIs and DDIs.