bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of nanodiamond particles on the structure, mechanical, and thermal properties of polymer embedded ND/PMMA composites
Authors: Pan Feng , Khan Muhammad , Tiehu Li , Javed Elisha , Hussain Amjad , Zada Amir , Alei Dang , Wahab Zainul 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs), the allotropic carbon nanomaterials with nanosize, durable inert core, adjustable surface morphology, high thermal constancy, and super mechanical performances, possess the characteristics of promising reinforcement materials for various technological applications. However, ND particles hold a vigorous propensity to aggregate in liquid media, obstructing their implementation in mechanical and thermal sciences. This aggregation is caused by high surface to volume ratio. By reducing the surface energy and lowering cluster formation, the mechanical and thermal properties of NDs can be polished. Herein, we report on the covalent functionalization of NDs with amine moiety through ball milling method. Their dispersion was checked in ethanol and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA polymer) against nonfunctionalized NDs. The dispersive behavior showed that ball mill functionalized NDs produced preferably stable aqueous dispersions in ethanol media. Furthermore, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 wt% ND/PMMA composites were synthesized, and their mechanical and thermal behaviors were studied in terms of hardness, compression, Young`s modulus, flexural strength, tensile strength, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results revealed that the composites containing 0.2 wt% functionalized ND loaded with PMMA matrix showed outstanding mechanical and thermal performances indicating that 0.2 wt% is the optimum amount for achieving excellent outcomes.
Noise exposure and the risk of cancer: a comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Abbasi Milad , Yazdanirad Saeid , Dehdarirad Hossein , Hughes Debra 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The association between noise exposure and increased risk of cancer has received little attention in the field of research. Therefore, the goal of this study was to conduct a systematic review on the relationship between noise exposure and the incidence of cancer in humans. In this study, four electronic bibliographic databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched up to 21 April 2022. All types of noise exposure were considered, including environmental noise, occupational noise, and leisure or recreational noise. Furthermore, all types of cancers were studied, regardless of the organs involved. In total, 1836 articles were excluded on the basis of containing exclusion criteria or lacking inclusion criteria, leaving 19 articles retained for this study. Five of nine case-control studies showed a significant relationship between occupational or leisure noise exposure and acoustic neuroma. Moreover, four of five case-control and cohort studies indicated statistically significant relationships between environmental noise exposure and breast cancer. Of other cancer types, two case-control studies highlighted the risk of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and two cohort studies identified an increased risk of colon cancer associated with environmental noise exposure. No relationship between road traffic and railway noise and the risk of prostate cancer was observed. In total, results showed that noise exposure, particularly prolonged and continuous exposure to loud noise, can lead to the incidence of some cancers. However, confirmation of this requires further epidemiological studies and exploration of the exact biological mechanism and pathway for these effects.
Epistemological stance and passive reporting verbs in judicial opinions: the case of BE expected to and BE supposed to
Authors: Szczyrbak Magdalena 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study examines the discourse functions of BE expected to and BE supposed to in the genre of judicial opinion, providing insights into discipline-specific practices of epistemological positioning. Drawing on the 130 million words Corpus of US Supreme Court Opinions, it looks at how the two mindsay constructions were deployed in judicial writing over a period of more than 200 years, and identifies divergent frequency patterns associated with their use. As the findings reveal, in the opinions, on the one hand, BE expected to tends to co-occur with reasonably (can/could (not) reasonably be expected to) and is used to create a semblance of objectivity. BE supposed to, on the other hand, favors the present tense and third-person reference (which/it is supposed to) and serves as a distancing device. The paper also compares the frequency patterns involving BE expected to and BE supposed to found in the opinions with those attested in the Corpus of Historical American English, and it demonstrates that judicial writing exhibits trends which clearly differ from trends noted in non-judicial registers.
Serum asprosin levels in patients with retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Yardim Meltem , Celik Fatih , Oruc Yavuz , Kayalp Damla , Beyazyildiz Ozlem , Yesilirmak Didem Cemile , Ulas Mustafa , Aydin Suleyman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study was aimed to investigate the diagnostic values of serum levels of asprosin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to assess the role of these biomarkers on the development and progression of the condition.

Methods
This study was carried out from April 2020 to February 2021 in the department of ophthalmology of a tertiary hospital in Turkey. Thirty patients diagnosed with ROP and 30 healthy newborns were included the study. Serum NGAL and asprosin levels were determined via ELISA.

Results
The median serum NGAL levels were found to be similar between the ROP group and the control group (p=0.595). Median asprosin levels were significantly higher in patients diagnosed with ROP [46.58 (12.70–142.28) ng/mL] compared to healthy subjects [13.05 (10.92–17.73) ng/mL] (p=0.001). The optimal cut-off value of asprosin by ROC analysis was 30 ng/mL (AUC: 0.754, p=0.001) for diagnosing ROP. Serum asprosin levels were positively correlated with serum ALP levels and inversely correlated with gestational week, uric acid and AST values (all, p<0.005).

Conclusions
Our results demonstrated that asprosin, but not NGAL, could be a biomarker for the diagnosis of ROP.
Intrasession and Intersession Reproducibility of Artificial Scotoma pRF Mapping Results at Ultra-High Fields
Authors: Linhardt David , Pawloff Maximilian , Woletz Michael , Hummer Allan , Tik Martin , Vasileiadi Maria , Ritter Markus , Lerma-Usabiaga Garikoitz , Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula , Windischberger Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with population receptive field (pRF) mapping allows for associating positions on the visual cortex to areas on the visual field. Apart from applications in healthy subjects, this method can also be used to examine dysfunctions in patients suffering from partial visual field losses. While such objective measurement of visual deficits (scotoma) is of great importance for, e.g., longitudinal studies addressing treatment effects, it requires a thorough assessment of accuracy and reproducibility of the results obtained. In this study, we quantified the reproducibility of pRF mapping results within and across sessions in case of central visual field loss in a group of 15 human subjects. We simulated scotoma by masking a central area of 2° radius from stimulation to establish ground-truth conditions. This study was performed on a 7T ultra-high field MRI scanner for increased sensitivity. We found excellent intrasession and intersession reproducibility for the pRF center position (Spearman correlation coefficients forx,y: >0.95; eccentricity: >0.87; polar angle: >0.98), but only modest reproducibility for pRF size (Spearman correlation coefficients around 0.4). We further examined the scotoma detection performance using an automated method based on a reference dataset acquired with full-field stimulation. For the 2° artificial scotoma, the group-averaged scotoma sizes were estimated at between 1.92° and 2.19° for different sessions. We conclude that pRF mapping of visual field losses yields robust, reproducible measures of retinal function and suggest the use of pRF mapping as an objective method for monitoring visual deficits during therapeutic interventions or disease progression.
History of Previous Midlife Estradiol Treatment Permanently Alters Interactions of Brain Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Signaling and Hippocampal Estrogen Synthesis to Enhance Cognitive Aging in a Rat Model of Menopause
Authors: Baumgartner Nina E. , McQuillen Shannon M. , Perry Samantha F. , Miller Sangtawan , Maroteaux Matthieu J. , Gibbs Robert B. , Daniel Jill M. 
Published: September 2022

Across species, including humans, elevated levels of brain estrogen receptor (ER) α are associated with enhanced cognitive aging, even in the absence of circulating estrogens. In rodents, short-term estrogen treatment, such as that commonly used in the menopausal transition, results in long-term increases in ERα levels in the hippocampus, leading to enhanced memory long after termination of estrogen treatment. However, mechanisms by which increased levels of brain ERα enhances cognitive aging remain unclear. Here we demonstrate in aging female rats that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which can activate ER via ligand-independent mechanisms, requires concomitant synthesis of brain-derived neuroestrogens to phosphorylate ERα via MAPK signaling, ultimately resulting in enhanced memory. In a rat model of menopause involving long-term ovarian hormone deprivation, hippocampal neuroestrogen activity decreases, altering IGF-1 activity and resulting in impaired memory. However, this process is reversed by short-term estradiol treatment. Forty days of estradiol exposure following ovariectomy results in maintenance of neuroestrogen levels that persist beyond the period of hormone treatment, allowing for continued interactions between IGF-1 and neuroestrogen signaling, elevated levels of hippocampal ERα, and ultimately enhanced memory. Collectively, results demonstrate that short-term estradiol use following loss of ovarian function has long-lasting effects on hippocampal function and memory by dynamically regulating cellular mechanisms that promote activity of ERα in the absence of circulating estrogens. Translational impacts of these findings suggest lasting cognitive benefits of short-term estrogen use near menopause and highlight the importance of hippocampal ERα, independent from the role of circulating estrogens, in regulating memory in aging females.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDeclines in ovarian hormones following menopause coincide with increased risk of cognitive decline. Because of potential health risks, current recommendations are that menopausal estrogen therapy be limited to a few years. Long-term consequences for the brain and memory of this short-term midlife estrogen therapy are unclear. Here, in a rodent model of menopause, we determined mechanisms by which short-term midlife estrogen exposure can enhance hippocampal function and memory with cognitive benefits and molecular changes enduring long after termination of estrogen exposure. Our model indicates long-lasting benefits of maintaining hippocampal estrogen receptor function in the absence of ongoing estrogen exposure and suggests potential strategies for combating age-related cognitive decline.
Madres, padres y representantes en la educación durante la pandemia. La dicotomía rural-urbana en Ecuador
Authors: Cárdenas-Tapia Juan , Pesántez-Avilés Fernando , Torres-Toukoumidis Angel 
Published: September 2022

En este artículo se analiza la implicación de las madres, los padres y representantes legales en el aprendizaje activo de niños y niñas que cursan grados de primaria y secundaria en un escenario particular: la enseñanza en línea durante la pandemia por la covid-19 en Ecuador. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario de 45 preguntas a una muestra de 6206 personas segmentadas según su zona geográfica. En el área rural, el grado de involucramiento en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje virtual se refleja, particularmente, al establecer el horario de sueño y en la aceptación por parte de los y las estudiantes de las críticas sobre las actividades realizadas. Para la zona urbana, se evidencia el manejo del enojo de los niños y las niñas, y el reconocimiento de sus fortalezas en las asignaturas. En cuanto a las estrategias, en el área rural aumenta la presión de progenitoras/es sobre educandos y educandas a fin de que realicen las actividades escolares, en tanto que, en la urbana, dialogan más con sus hijos e hijas cuando pierden el control, prestando más atención a sus emociones y necesidades. Así, la diferenciación se condensa en la siguiente expresión: en las zonas rurales, las madres, los padres y representantes se enfocan en la disciplina, mientras que en las urbanas se orientan hacia el espectro académico y emocional.
The Implication of Educandy Learning Media on Students’ Learning Outcomes in Japanese Learning
Authors: Buhori Rezuan Azlina Nur , Karnawati Rita Agustina 
Published: September 2022

This research objective was to determine the effect of using Educandy learning media on Japanese students’ learning outcomes in a state vocational high school in Jakarta for academic year 2020/2021. This study applied experimental quantitative research method, with a purposive sample technique of 16 students. This research used one group Pre Test–Post Test design, and the data collected then analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In the preparation of the instrument, several tests consist of validity tests and reliability tests were conducted. The results showed that based on the Shapiro-Wilk Normality Test, the data was normally distributed due to the Sig value, and the data from Pre-test and Post-test showed that the students’ learning outcomes were increased after using Educandy. Moreover, the Levene Homogeneity Test results showed that the data is more than the significance level or the data was homogeneous, while based on the normality test and homogeneity test, the results showed that the value in the Pre-test and Post-test learning outcomes were lower than the level of significance. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means that there is a significant difference in Pre-test and Post-test student learning outcomes so the Educandy learning media influences student learning outcomes in Japanese subjects.
Diastolic Dysfunction and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction In Patients With Resistant Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Manukyan M. A. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Zyubanova I. V. , Lichikaki V. A. , Tsoi E. I. , Ryabova T. R. , Gusakova A. M. , Suslova T. E. , Mordovin V. F. 
Published: September 2022

Aim To study the incidence and clinical and pathophysiological features of diastolic dysfunction (DD) and chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients with resistant arterial hypertension (RAH) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Material and methods A cross-sectional study that included 36 patients with RAH associated with type 2 DM (mean age, 61.4±6.4 years; 14 men) was performed. Measurement of office and 24-h blood pressure (BP), standard echocardiography with assessment of diastolic function (DF) and ventricular-arterial coupling, doppler ultrasound imaging of renal blood flow, and laboratory tests (blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood creatinine, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), type 2 and type 9 matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of MMP 1 (TIMP-1), 24-h urine protein test, and 24-h urine volume test were performed for all patients. HFpEF was diagnosed according to criteria of the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Society of Cardiology 2019, and the Russian Clinical Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of CHF 2017 and 2020.Results All patients had DD. Incidence of HFpEF detection according to the Russian Guidelines 2017 was 100%; according to the Russian Guidelines 2020, that included a required increase in BNP, and according to the criteria of the European Guidelines 2019, this incidence was 89 %. In 55.6 % of patients, DD corresponded to grade 2 (pseudonormal type). According to the correlation analysis, the DF impairment was associated with increases in pulse BP, myocardial mass, arterial and left ventricular elastance (arterial wall and left ventricular elasticity), basal glycemia and DM duration, MMP-2 level, proteinuria, blood creatinine, renal vascular resistance, and also with decreases in 24-h urine volume, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-1/MMP-2. Significance of the relations of mean E / e’ ratio with nighttime pulse BP, MMP-9, and 24-h urine volume were confirmed by results of multiple linear regression analysis. Increased myocardial and vascular wall stiffness, concentrations of MMP-2 and TNF-α and reduced 24-h urine volume were associated with progressive impairment of DF.Conclusion The combination of RAH and DM-2 is characterized by an extremely high incidence of DD that determines a great prevalence of HFpEF. The development and progression of DD in such patients are closely related with a complex of metabolic, proinflammatory and profibrotic biomarkers, increased vascular wall stiffness, pronounced left ventricular hypertrophy, and with structural and functional alterations in kidneys.
The use of an Inhaled Surfactant in Patients With Severe and Extremely Severe new Coronavirus Infection COVID-19 With Concomitant Cardiovascular Pathology
Authors: Trofimov N. A. , Babokin V. E. , Dubova A. V. , Koshelkova A. V. , Dimitrieva O. V. , Rodionov A. L. , Abizov I. N. , Oreshnikov E. V. , Anurov S. A. , Zamlikhanova S. S. , Igonin Yu. A. , Gordeeva K. E. , Surkova T. V. , Nikolsky V. O. 
Published: September 2022

Aim To study the effectiveness of nebulized surfactant therapy as a part of a multimodality treatment of severe and extremely severe COVID-19 viral pneumonia with concomitant cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).Material and methods This retrospective controlled study analyzed a multimodality treatment of 38 patients with severe and extremely severe COVID-19 viral pneumonia and concomitant CVDs who were administered nebulized surfactant for correction of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The control group consisted of 105 patients with severe and extremely severe novel coronavirus infection with concomitant CVDs who were not administered surfactant as a part of the multimodality therapy.Results Administration of nebulized surfactant as a part of the multimodality treatment in patients with COVID-19 allowed alleviating the severity of respiratory insufficiency (р<0.001), which decreased the death rate of patients with severe and extremely severe COVID-19 and undoubtedly demonstrated the effectiveness of this medicine. The timely multimodality therapy, including nebulized surfactant, improves the course of the disease. Thus, the absence of a possibility for administering nebulized surfactant for more than 4 days was associated with fatal outcomes (р=0.045).Conclusion Administration of nebulized surfactant as a part of the multimodality treatment of severe and extremely severe COVID-19 and concomitant CVDs increases the survival (р<0.001) and reduces the mortality by 46 %. The risk factors of an unfavorable outcome of this disease include an age older than 65 (р=0.020), a positive polymerase chain reaction test (р=0.037), a ferritin concentration at baseline >600 mg /ml (р<0.001), and a surfactant treatment duration < 4 days (р=0.045). Further study of the efficacy of nebulized surfactants as a part of the multimodality therapy is required and should include randomized clinical trials with a large number of patients and the development of distinct criteria for the treatment of ARDS.
The use of systemic immune-inflammation index to predict new onset atrial fibrillation in the context of acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Sayın Muhammet Raşit , Özderya Ahmet , Konuş Ali Hakan , Yerlikaya Murat Gökhan , Maz Mehmet Ali , Çırakoğlu Ömer Faruk , Uzun Gülay , Kara Faruk 
Published: September 2022

Aim The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and new onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and to assess the use of this relation, if any, to predict NOAF in the context of ACSMaterial and Methods A total of 622 patients diagnosed with ACS and followed up between September 2019 and September 2021 were included in this study. 35 (5.6 %) of these patients, suffering from NOAF, were designated as the patient group, and the remaining 577 (94.4 %) patients were designated as the control group. SII was calculated with the formula [ (platelet count x neutrophil count) / lymphocyte count] in all patients.Results SII was significantly increased in the NOAF group [1641 (778-4506) vs. 660 (54-2835); p<0.001. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that SII [OR: 1.002, 95 %CI: 1.001–1.002, p<0.001] is one of the independent predictors for NOAF, in addition to age (p=0.003) and left atrium size (p=0.005).Conclusion The SII index is an independent predictor of NOAF in ACS patients. This index can be used as an easily accessible value in the clinic. Assessment of risk factors for NOAF may permit early treatment and close follow-up of patients with poor prognosis who may develop AF.
Efficacy and Safety of Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Various Forms of Atrial Fibrillation After Interventional Treatment. Results of a Three-Year Follow-up
Authors: Eshmatov O. R. , Batalov R. E. , Archakov E. A. , Usenkov S. Yu. , Popov S. V. 
Published: September 2022

Aim To evaluate efficacy and safety of the anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during a 36-month follow-up after an interventional treatment.Material and methods This study included 302 patients aged 29 to 81 years with various forms of AF. Catheter ablation (CA) of AF foci was performed for all patients. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 with paroxysmal AF, group 2 with persistent AF, and group 3 with longstanding persistent AF. Two subgroups were isolated in each group, with effective and ineffective CA. Results of the follow-up were analyzed at 12, 24, and 36 months after discharge from the hospital. The follow-up interview recorded complaints of palpitation attacks, effectiveness of administered CA, compliance with the treatment, adverse clinical outcomes, including thromboembolic complications (TEC), bleeding, and hospitalizations.Results Efficacy of the interventional treatment for 36 months was 65.3 % in patients with paroxysmal AF, 59.7 % in patients with persistent AF, and 57.1 % in patients with longstanding persistent AF. Patients with paroxysmal AF and effective CA had no adverse events throughout the same period during the antithrombotic treatment (ATT). In contrast, the group with ineffective ablation had both TEC and hemorrhagic complications during the ATT. In the group with persistent AF and effective CA throughout the follow-up period, TECs were less frequent than in the group of ineffective ablations during the ATT treatment. Patients with longstanding persistent AF and effective CA throughout the follow-up period, had no TECs in contrast to patients with ineffective ablation during the ATT treatment. There were no fatal outcomes in patients with effective procedure.Conclusion A successful CA procedure for AF provides a significant decrease in the risk of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the invasive strategy does not increase the risk of major and minor bleedings.