bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How small changes make a difference: Influence of low silver contents on the effect of RbF‐PDT in CIGS solar cells
Authors: Helder Tim , Kanevce Ana , Zinßer Mario , Gutzler Rico , Paetel Stefan , Hempel Wolfram , Magorian Friedlmeier Theresa , Powalla Michael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite the efficiencies above 20% achieved with (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 (ACIGS) solar cells, further efficiency improvements are necessary. One possibility is the implementation of a postdeposition treatment (PDT) process. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the effect of rubidium‐fluoride (RbF)‐PDT on the performance and physical properties of the ACIGS absorber. For this purpose, the RbF source temperature of the PDT process of ACIGS films with Ag/(Ag+Cu) (AAC) ratios of 5% from a multistage co‐evaporation inline process was systematically varied. It was shown that the efficiency of the devices is reduced by the PDT process, unlike observed for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber, and is strongly influenced by the amount of rubidium. The behavior can be attributed to a strong reduction of the doping, which results from a changed doping mechanism. Furthermore, evidence for the formation of an additional layer was found. In addition, deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) measurements were performed on the samples showing a strong signal at low temperatures. This minority trap signal is strongly influenced by the amount of Rb and shows a systematically changing energetic position towards the middle of the band gap and an increasing density. Based on pulse variation measurements, the associated defect could be identified as an extended defect, indicating a location of the defect at grain boundaries.
Efficacy and safety of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine against COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhuang Jieqin , Dai Xingzhen , Zhang Weizhang , Fu Xue , Zhang Guoxiong , Zeng Jing , Zhao Shuai , Chen Bojun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough plenty of clinical trials have confirmed the efficacy and safety of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (ITCWM) against COVID‐19, the role of ITCWM remains controversial. So we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of published studies in eight major databases that report the outcomes of interest in COVID‐19 patients receiving ITCWM. RevMan5.4 software was used for meta‐analysis, while the quality of RCTs was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the retrospective studies were assessed by Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Eventually, a total of 53 studies with 5425 COVID‐19 patients was identified. The meta‐analysis results showed that ITCWM was significantly better than western medicine treatment (WMT) alone in the percentage of cases changing to severe/critical [RR = 0.40, 95%CI (0.33, 0.49), p < .00001, I2 = 10%], overall clinical effectiveness [RR = 1.26, 95% CI (1.18, 1.35), p < .00001, I2 = 50%], time to defervescencer [MD = −1.45, 95% CI (−1.82, −1.07), p < .00001, I2 = 83%], disappearing time of cough [MD = −2.11, 95% CI (−2.98, −1.25), p < .00001, I2 = 93%], time of RT‐PCR negativity [MD = −3.35, 95% CI (−4.74, −1.95), p < .00001, I2 = 92%], length of hospital stay [MD = −4.05, 95% CI (−5.24, −2.85), p < .00001, I2 = 91%], improvement in CT scan [RR = 1.22, 95% CI (1.17, 1.28), p < .00001, I2 = 46%], TCM syndrome score [MD = −3.95, 95% CI (−5.07, −2.82), p < .00001, I2 = 92%], disappearance rate of fever [RR = 1.23, 95% CI (1.10, 1.38), p < .00001, I2 = 85%], disappearance rate of cough [RR = 1.43, 95% CI (1.25, 1.63), p < .00001, I2 = 60%], level of CRP [MD = −9.23, 95% CI (−10.94, −7.52), p < .00001, I2 = 97%], and WBC [MD = −9.23, 95% CI (−10.94, −7.52), p < .00001, I2 = 97%]. There is no significant difference between ITCWM and WMT in the adverse reaction rate [RR = 0.85, 95% CI(0.71, 1.03), p = .10, I2 = 25%]. Our results showed evidence of clinical efficacy and safety benefit in COVID‐19 patients treated with ITCWM. In spite of some limitations, the rapidly developing global pandemic warrants further high‐quality and multicenter clinical studies to confirm the contribution of ITCWM.
Event‐triggered control for stochastic systems with multiple delays
Authors: Huang Yongjia , Deng Feiqi , Wan Fangzhe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the stabilization problem for continuous‐time stochastic systems with multiple delays under continuous event‐triggered mechanisms, of which both static case and dynamic case are considered individually. In order to avoid zeno phenomenon in every sample path, a suspension time after each successful execution is forced for our event‐triggered mechanisms, resulting in intermittent detection of system states. Under such control strategy, we deduce mean square exponential stability of stochastic systems with multiple delays by means of Hanalay‐type inequality and obtain a delay‐dependent‐based and less‐conservative stabilization criterion without involving the upper bound of time delays. Besides, a co‐design procedure is proposed for linear controller and event‐triggered mechanisms. In the end, an illustrative example is presented to show effectiveness of the proposed co‐design procedure and contrasts the system performance under static and dynamic event‐triggered mechanisms.
Event‐triggered adaptive finite‐time secure control for nonlinear cyber‐physical systems against unknown deception attacks
Authors: Ma Jiali , Wang Jiaqi , Xu Shengyuan , Fei Shumin , Feng Hongyan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, the event‐triggered‐based adaptive finite‐time secure control problem is considered for nonlinear cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) in the presence of unknown sensor and actuator deception attacks. Due to the existence of unknown deception attacks, the system states are unavailable such that the conventional backstepping cannot be applicable. To solve this problem, a novel coordinate transformation is introduced based on the compromised system states. Then the adaptive controller combined with the triggering mechanism is designed by using adding a power integrator technique. Besides, based on the finite‐time stability theorem, an adaptive switching law is proposed to regulate the dynamic controller parameter such that the unknown deception attacks can be effectively compensated. It is shown that the finite‐time stability can be guaranteed for the nonlinear CPSs and Zeno behavior can be avoided. Finally, a simulation example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Organic carbon controls water retention and plant available water in cultivated soils from South Greenland
Authors: Weber Peter L. , Blaesbjerg Natasha H. , Moldrup Per , Pesch Charles , Hermansen Cecilie , Greve Mogens H. , Arthur Emmanuel , de Jonge Lis Wollesen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe warming climate is rapidly changing the circumpolar region, presenting new opportunities and challenges for agricultural production in South Greenland. The warming climate is projected to increase the frequency of drought periods, but little is known about the soil–water retention (SWR) and the plant available water (PAW) of the agricultural soils in the region. This study aimed to measure the SWR and PAW of Greenlandic agricultural soils and evaluate the effect of organic carbon (OC) and clay (CL) content using pedotransfer functions based on OC and CL. The study included 464 South Greenlandic agricultural soil samples from 20 fields with a wide distribution in clay (0.016–0.184 kg kg−1) and OC contents (0.006–0.254 kg kg−1). Pedotransfer functions were successfully developed for estimating the gravimetric water content (w) at five soil–water potentials (−1500, −100, −30, −10, and −5 kPa) and PAW. The OC content was the primary variable governing the gravimetric water content at each soil–water potential, evidenced by R2 values consistently above 0.80. The effect of OC on the gravimetric water content at −1500 kPa was close to the range reported in the literature, but OC effects were markedly higher between −100 and −5 kPa. Overall, this study highlights a substantial effect of OC on the PAW as a 1% increase in OC increased PAW by more than 4%, which is almost twice the value of a recent meta‐study. Our study highlights the potentially dominating effects of organic matter on soil–water balance and availability in high‐latitude agriculture.
Automated Experiments of Local Non‐Linear Behavior in Ferroelectric Materials
Authors: Liu Yongtao , Kelley Kyle P. , Vasudevan Rama K. , Zhu Wanlin , Hayden John , Maria Jon‐Paul , Funakubo Hiroshi , Ziatdinov Maxim A. , Trolier‐McKinstry Susan , Kalinin Sergei V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn automated experiment in multimodal imaging to probe structural, chemical, and functional behaviors in complex materials and elucidate the dominant physical mechanisms that control device function is developed and implemented. Here, the emergence of non‐linear electromechanical responses in piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is explored. Non‐linear responses in PFM can originate from multiple mechanisms, including intrinsic material responses often controlled by domain structure, surface topography that affects the mechanical phenomena at the tip‐surface junction, and the presence of surface contaminants. Using an automated experiment to probe the origins of non‐linear behavior in ferroelectric lead titanate (PTO) and ferroelectric Al0.93B0.07N films, it is found that PTO shows asymmetric nonlinear behavior across a/c domain walls and a broadened high nonlinear response region around c/c domain walls. In contrast, for Al0.93B0.07N, well‐poled regions show high linear piezoelectric responses, when paired with low non‐linear responses regions that are multidomain show low linear responses and high nonlinear responses. It is shown that formulating dissimilar exploration strategies in deep kernel learning as alternative hypotheses allows for establishing the preponderant physical mechanisms behind the non‐linear behaviors, suggesting that automated experiments can potentially discern between competing physical mechanisms. This technique can also be extended to electron, probe, and chemical imaging.
Taxonomists have an opportunity to rid botanical nomenclature of inappropriate honorifics in a structured and defensible way
Authors: Thiele Kevin R. , Smith Gideon F. , Figueiredo Estrela , Hammer Timothy A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (the Code) to allow the rejection of names that honour historical individuals who committed crimes against humanity has sparked a counter‐reaction that we believe misrepresents both the intent and mechanism of the proposals. In this short paper we point out errors and fallacious reasoning in this counter‐reaction, and again make the case that an open, balanced, modest, structured, and defensible way to deal with this issue is now, through sensible and reasonable proposals to amend the Code, within the grasp of the taxonomic and nomenclatural community. Adopting these proposals would represent a small but significant contribution to helping address some egregious historical wrongs.
Strengthening science education through attention to student resources: A conceptualization of socioscientific capital
Authors: Klaver Lida T. , Sins Patrick H. M. , Walma van der Molen Juliette H. , Guérin Laurence J. F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this position paper, we introduce the concept of socioscientific capital (SSC) to denote students' resources that unequivocally play a part when students learn about and make decisions regarding socioscientific issues (SSIs). Students use a variety of resources when they engage with SSI. Our conceptualization of SSC expands on current conceptualizations to refer to resources related to both the scientific and the non‐scientific aspects of SSI, including internal resources (personal experiences, values, attitudes, beliefs, knowledge, and skills), external resources (family, friends, communities, and media), and meta‐level resources (dominant frames and cultures). Aiming to strengthen SSI education, we argue for taking into account how students' resources impact their SSI‐related learning and decision‐making. To this end, insight into students' SSC is needed and is imperative for teachers. By bringing together literature about SSI education and literature about students' resources, we provide a conceptual view on students' SSC and describe implications for SSI education.
Pyogranulomatous dermatitis withEnterococcus faecalisin a spotted seal (Phoca larga)
Authors: Wu Qiaoxing , Wang Yamian , Zhang Xinke , Gu Xiangyang , He Hongxuan , Jin Xuelin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous infections are important diseases in captive and free‐ranging pinnipeds and are associated with various causative agents. Some special agents, such as fungi, morbillivirus and mycobacteria, can cause cutaneous specific granulomatous inflammation.ObjectivesTo identity the cause of chronic dermatitis in a spotted seal in an aquarium.MethodsHerein, we analyze the clinical history and cutaneous samples of the spotted seal through differential diagnosis (histopathology, microorganism culture, special histochemical staining methods, PCR), and antibiotic susceptibility test.ResultsThis is a rare pyogranulomatous dermatitis case caused byE. faecalisin a captive adult male spotted seal (Phoca largha) in an aquarium.ConclusionsWe provide a meaningful approach to the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial dermatitis in pinnipeds.
Research Methods for Public Policy
Authors: Kilonzo Susan Mbula , Ojebode Ayobami 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter examined the nature of public policy and role of policy analysis in the policy process. It examines a variety of research methods and their use in public policy engagements and analysis for evidence-informed policymaking. It explains qualitative methods, quantitative methods, multiple and mixed-method research. Other issues addressed include causal research in public policy, report writing and communication and related issues in public policy research.
Hollywood caught in two worlds? The impact of the Bechdel test on the international box office performance of cinematic films
Authors: Valentowitsch Johann 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Bechdel test is increasingly used in academia as a quality indicator for the portrayal of women in films. Previous studies explored how passing the Bechdel test affects box office earnings. However, earlier considerations were all limited to the US market. Therefore, the impact of the Bechdel test on international box office receipts is still unclear. To fill this research gap, this study examines the box office effect for internationally released films at the country level. Using a sample of 515 randomly selected Hollywood films, it is shown that passing the test significantly improves international box office earnings. However, the results also show that the effect depends on the level of socioeconomic development in the respective countries. Cultural discount theory is used to explain the empirical findings.
The use of fine portions from construction and demolition waste for expansive soil stabilization: A review
Authors: Ujile Mgboawaji Claude , Abbey Samuel Jonah 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConstruction and demolition waste (CDW) are the largest waste products in the world today and competes as a viable recycled additive material in place of natural aggregates. Due to the increase in compressive strength of different mix proportions of CDW, it is also considered for reuse in concrete and subbase construction. This study shows the effect of CDW in expansive soil stabilization. The chemical and mechanical properties of these materials have shown that they are capable of developing compressive strength properties for replacement of cement with significant reduction in carbon emission. The inherent compositional properties of recycled CDW compared in this review suggests that CDW have good filler properties in highly expansive soils. Mixtures of crushed brick and recycled aggregates characterised based on chemical properties of different replacement ratios suggests that CDW of good-quality aggregates reduces swell potential of expansive soils and increased mechanical strength in pavement construction.
Paradise gained and lost: shared prosperity in East Asian welfare production regimes
Authors: Meng Ke , Zhong Linrui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper expands the research on how shared prosperity is achieved in East Asian countries (regions). Based on welfare production regime theory, this paper advances a theoretical framework to link economic growth to income distribution. The main argument is that the match between the skills developed by social protection systems and the needs of product market strategies is key to economic progress. The skills and the social protection systems could also influence income allocation through distribution and redistribution. The net effect of the two channels determines the result of income equality. A longitudinal exploration of Japan, Taiwan and Korea in the export-led growth period (1961–1979) and the knowledge economy period (1980–1996) supports the argument. A policy implication of the argument is that China could strategically adjust its welfare production regime to achieve shared prosperity.
Leveraging CTSA hubs for rapid, large-scale, high-impact research: A case study during a global public health emergency
Authors: Croker Jennifer A. , Valenti Shannon , Baus Holly Ann , Ford Eric W. , Mathias David , Yasko Laurel , McGaughey Dan , Smith Tony , Underwood Katherine , Avolio Jennifer , Sadtler Kaitlyn , Memoli Matthew J. , Kimberly Robert P. , Reis Steven E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic took hold in the USA in early 2020, it became clear that knowledge of the prevalence of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among asymptomatic individuals could inform public health policy decisions and provide insight into the impact of the infection on vulnerable populations. Two Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Hubs and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) set forth to conduct a national seroprevalence survey to assess the infection’s rate of spread. This partnership was able to quickly design and launch the project by leveraging established research capacities, prior experiences in large-scale, multisite studies and a highly skilled workforce of CTSA hubs and unique experimental capabilities at the NIH to conduct a diverse prospective, longitudinal observational cohort of 11,382 participants who provided biospecimens and participant-reported health and behavior data. The study was completed in 16 months and benefitted from transdisciplinary teamwork, information technology innovations, multimodal communication strategies, and scientific partnership for rigor in design and analytic methods. The lessons learned by the rapid implementation and dissemination of this national study is valuable in guiding future multisite projects as well as preparation for other public health emergencies and pandemics.
Positivity of direct images with a Poincaré type twist
Authors: Naumann Philipp 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We consider a holomorphic family

$f:\mathscr {X} \to S$

of compact complex manifolds and a line bundle

$\mathscr {L}\to \mathscr {X}$

. Given that

$\mathscr {L}^{-1}$

carries a singular hermitian metric that has Poincaré type singularities along a relative snc divisor

$\mathscr {D}$

, the direct image

$f_*(K_{\mathscr {X}/S}\otimes \mathscr {D} \otimes \mathscr {L})$

carries a smooth hermitian metric. If

$\mathscr {L}$

is relatively positive, we give an explicit formula for its curvature. The result applies to families of log-canonically polarized pairs. Moreover, we show that it improves the general positivity result of Berndtsson-Păun in a special situation of a big line bundle.
Vers une grille d'analyse féministe radicale de l’empowermenten contexte fédéral : les luttes agricoles en Inde
Authors: Viens Catherine 
Published: October 2022

RésuméDans cet article, je présente le potentiel d'utiliser une approche féministe radicale de l’empowermentcomme grille d'analyse dans les études fédérales. Pour ce faire, je développe un cadre analytique qui s'inscrit dans la quatrième vague d’études sur le genre et le fédéralisme qui s'intéresse aux interactions entre oppressions imbriquées et dispositifs fédéraux (institutions, pratiques, discours). J’étudie les processus d’empowermentdes personnes agricultrices s’étant mobilisées à la fin de l'année 2020 en Inde contre l'entrée en vigueur de nouvelles lois agricoles. Par ce cas, j'illustre d'abord comment le fédéralisme participe à la fragmentation de groupes marginalisés, tout en soulevant la nécessité d’élaborer des dispositifs fédéraux à partir des réalités, écosystèmes et environnements locaux. Puis, je montre comment une conception féministe radicale de l’empowermentpeut modifier les perspectives d'analyse en études fédérales et rendre visibles des structures qui perpétuent les oppressions imbriquées au sein d'une fédération.
Winter weathering of fractured sedimentary rocks in a temperate climate: observation of freeze–thaw and thermal processes on the Niagara Escarpment, Hamilton, Ontario
Authors: Gage Henry J.M. , Eyles Carolyn H. , Peace Alexander L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Niagara Escarpment is a fractured Palaeozoic sedimentary cuesta, subject to year-round weathering in a temperate climate. We examined the temperature of the rock surface and fractures at threein situsites with varying aspect and lithology, as well as the surface and interior of three control blocks maintained in outdoor conditions between December 2020 and March 2021. The objectives were to examine the interplay between freeze–thaw and thermal weathering in the winter months and to identify potential factors influencing these processes. Both diurnal-scale and prolonged freeze–thaw cycles differing in spatial and temporal extent were identified, coincident with periods of high moisture. We frequently observed rapid temperature changes (>1 °C min−1) at sites with strong insolation, which implies that the temperature regime is suitable for thermal shock and fatigue to occur. Site-specific factors, such as the aspect of the escarpment face and lithology, impact the mechanism and extent of weathering. Southeast-facing sites with high insolation are dominated by diurnal-scale freeze–thaw; west- and east-facing sites with lower insolation experience a more prominent prolonged freeze–thaw cycle. Across all sites there is a gradient between surface and fracture temperature that follows diurnal trends in air temperature and insolation. Variability in the surface-fracture gradient may enhance weathering processes by shifting the orientation and magnitude of stress, and by changing the spatial distribution of freezing and thawing. Our research indicates that site-specific factors and pre-existing fractures moderate the influence of air temperature and insolation on thermal gradients, and ultimately the weathering regime.