bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the correlation of criminal sociology, criminology and sociology of criminal law
Authors: Chuklina Elena 
Published: June 2022

The author of the article considers the problem of the correlation of such areas of legal science as criminal sociology, criminology and sociology of criminal law. There is still no consensus in the modern doctrine regarding the place in the system of legal science and the subject of these areas. Thus, some scientists identify criminal sociology with criminology, and others - with the sociology of criminal law. With the help of the historical and legal method, the author demonstrates the development of the sociological trend in Western and domestic legal thought, which took shape at the end of the XIX century in criminal sociology (in Western science - criminal sociology), or criminology. Using logical and comparative methods, the author comes to the conclusion that the term "criminal sociology" is synonymous with criminology, which was used in Russian science at the end of the XIX century. The sociology of criminal law became the subject of scientific discussions already in the Soviet legal science in the 1970s and 1980s. The author joins the position of scientists that the sociology of criminal law serves as a section of criminal law, but states the absorption of criminology research issues included in the field of sociology of criminal law. The expediency of distinguishing the subject areas of criminology and sociology of criminal law is noted, leaving behind the latter the social conditionality and effectiveness of criminal norms, the improvement of criminal law and the practice of its application.
Status and Educational Attainment as Predictors of School Principals' Competencies in the Philippine Public Schools
Authors: Kintanar Gemma N. 
Published: June 2022

Principals play the role as leaders of school management and are responsible for the outcome of the school. The essential focus of this study is to assess the level of the core competencies of principals in public elementary and secondary schools in Kidapawan City Division, Philippines, for the academic year 2015-2016. A descriptive correlation design was used and treated the level of significance using regression analysis. Findings showed that the level of principal 's competencies as perceived by themselves and teachers was PROFICIENT. The assessment on the level of principals ' core competencies does not differ significantly between self and that of the teachers according to the context of the principal/school, technical and managerial capability, strategic management, inter and intrapersonal relationship and as the link to the community. The combined contribution of the principal 's socio-demographics does not significantly influence their level of core competencies. Status stood out as a significant predictor of technical and managerial ability. Results revealed that the best predictor of the competency on academic leadership and coaching is educational attainment. The study concludes that the level of core competence of principals could contribute to underperforming schools. It is alarming to note that the principals lack a continuing professional development.
Assessment of the Maritime General Education Curriculum, Admission Policy and Faculty Status towards a Proposed Maritime Program
Authors: Taberdo Ana Liza Gruspe 
Published: June 2022

The Philippines Education Reform envisions the quality of Filipino graduates to be in parallel assessment along with competitors in regional and global employment communities and educational opportunities. Thus, the Maritime Educational Institutions are obliged to assess their present educational set-up and examine the necessary changes in its general education curriculum, admission policy and faculty status to ensure smooth transition with least disruption for the shift in AY 2018. Qualitative design using document analysis and interviews was utilized. Data revealed that subjecting the current maritime curriculum to the provisions of K+12 program and CHED Memo Order No 20. S.2013 will result to the reduction of general education courses from 64 units to 36 units. English Speech Communication with IMO SMCP, World Geography and Maritime Economics should be added. The current age requirement should be adjusted from 16-22 to 18-24 years old. Those from the STEM track and the maritime high school are best suited for the maritime courses. A bridging program should be given to graduates of other tracks. The current admission test should include Philippine History and Culture, and Economics. The Human Resource Department should identify any administrative positions GE faculty may qualify or empower them in research activities. The Maritime educational Institutions should revise the GE curriculum, admission policy and faculty status.
Level of Awareness, Preparedness and Readiness of the Technical - Vocational Education Institutions in the Implementation of the K to 12 Curriculum in Zamboanga Peninsula
Authors: Kong Jocelyn I. 
Published: June 2022

The K-12 curriculum is the main focus of the educational system of the Philippines today. Technical-Vocational Education Institutions are mandated to offer the Technical-Vocational Livelihood Track of the K-12 curriculum. The study determined the level of awareness, preparedness and readiness of the Technical-Vocational Education Institutions (TVEI) in the implementation of the K-12 curriculum in Zamboanga Peninsula. The sample consisted of three hundred eight (308) faculty and staff of the selected TVEI in Zamboanga Peninsula for the School year 2014-2015. Both quantitative and qualitative research design using descriptive survey method and total enumeration sampling in the selection of the respondents was employed. A Likert-Type questionnaire was used in the gathering of data. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship in the level of awareness, preparedness and readiness of the TVEI in the implementation of K-12 curriculum in terms of curriculum, faculty, equipment, facility, funding and infrastructure. However, there are still possible problems that the TVEI had identified in the implementation of the grades 11 and 12 as perceived by the respondents. These are lack of facilities and equipment, insufficient teachers' manual, poverty among students and lack of books. The study recommends that TVEI in Zamboanga Peninsula, partners with CHED, DepEd, TESDA and other agencies to offer or implement the K-12 curriculum in their institution starting school year 2016. TESDA motivates the different TechVoc institutions in terms of fundings and whichever support in assessing the curricular offerings offered by the institution.
Regulatory Journey of Vaccine Development in the Philippines
Authors: Takapur Bheemanna , V. Balamuralidhara , B .V. Chandan , Bhosle Ashwin 
Published: June 2022

A vaccine is a biological preparation that induces active acquired immunity against a specific infectious disease. Vaccination is widely regarded as one of humanity's most significant achievements of the twentieth century. In terms of absolute significance, it is regarded as being on stake with some of the most significant medical science discoveries. vaccines for infectious diseases typically take years to develop because they are produced either by chemical inactivation of the virus or pathogen attenuation, processes that can take a long time to validate and also require the live pathogen.
Vaccines have been credited with reducing or eliminating a variety of infectious diseases, including smallpox, measles, and diphtheria. Vaccines proved to be timely interventions, particularly in countries such as the Philippines, where a large number of infectious diseases were prevalent. The Philippines FDA oversees the vaccine approval process in the Philippines.
Vaccines are subjected to rigorous testing and oversight throughout the development life cycle, from preclinical studies to post-licensure. To ensure vaccine quality, manufacturers must follow good manufacturing practises and control procedures.
This work attempted to outline the vaccine development journey and regulatory process beginning with the formulation and process development and concluding with commercialization (distribution).
Effect of Organic Manures, Sulphur and Foliar Application of Micronutrients (Zinc and Boron) on Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Ramya B. , Sampath O. , Mahesh N. , Saikumar R. 
Published: June 2022

A field experiment was performed on growth and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea L.)” variety NRCHB-101 at Agricultural college, PJTSAU, Polasa, Jagtial, during spring 2021-2022. The soil of the experimental site was sandy clay loam in texture. The present research work was tested in randomized block design with 11 treatments comprising of different nutrient management practices i.e. T1: Control, T2: 100% NPK @60-40-40 NPK Kg ha-1, T3: 100% NPKS @60-40-40-40 NPKS Kg ha-1, T4: 100% NPK+ Vermicompost @2.5 t ha-1, T5: 100% NPK+ FYM @5 t ha-1, T6: 100% NPK+ Foliar spray of 0.5% Zinc-EDTA at flower initiation and at 50% flowering, T7: 100% NPKS + Foliar spray of 0.5% Zinc-EDTA at flower initiation and at 50% flowering, T8: 100% NPK + Foliar spray of 0.2% Boric acid at flower initiation and at 50% flowering, T9: 100% NPKS + Foliar spray of 0.2% Boric acid at flower initiation and at 50% flowering, T10: 100% NPK+ Foliar spray of 0.5% Zinc-EDTA and 0.2% Boric acid at flower initiation and at 50% flowering and T11: 100% NPKS+ Foliar spray of 0.5% Zinc-EDTA and 0.2% Boric acid at flower initiation and at 50% flowering. The results revealed that significantly higher plant height (174 cm), Leaf area index (LAI) (2.94), No. of primary branches plant-1 (10), No. of secondary branches plant-1 (19.3) dry matter accumulation (4260 kg ha-1) No. of siliquae plant-1 (189.33), seeds siliqua-1 (16.13), test weight (5.97 g), seed yield (1271 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3141 kg ha-1) with the application of 100% NPKS along with foliar spray of 0.5% Zinc-EDTA and 0.2% Boric acid at flower initiation and at 50% flowering.
Hydrocracking of Crude Palm Oil over Bimetallic Oxide NiO-CdO/biochar Catalyst
Authors: Allwar Allwar , Maulina Rina , Julianto Tatang Shabur , Widyaningtyas Annisa Ayu 
Published: June 2022

The bimetallic oxide NiO-CdO/biochar catalyst was prepared by coprecipitation and calcination methods. Characterizations of catalyst were carried out using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Surface Area Analyzer (SAA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) mapping methods. The catalyst showed a good average crystalized size of 12.30 nm related to the nanoparticles and high dispersion of Ni and Cd metals on the biochar surface. Analysis of liquid fuel products was observed using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) which was separated to the main product of gasoline fraction (C6–C10), and the second product of kerosene fraction (C11–C16), and diesel fraction (C17–C23). The presence of the catalyst in the hydrocracking resulted in more liquid product of 56.55 wt% than the thermal cracking with a liquid product of 20.55 wt%. The best performance activity of catalyst was found at a temperature of 150 °C with high selectivity to hydrocarbon fuel with 12 types of gasoline fractions (39.24 wt%) compared to gasoline fractions obtained at higher hydrocracking temperatures of 250 °C and 350 °C. The results of this study showed that the bimetallic oxide catalyst supported with biochar from palm kernel shell plays an important role in the hydrocracking process to increase the selectivity of the gasoline fraction. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Aplicações Biotecnólogicas da Macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii: um estudo prospectivo
Authors: Suzart Lívia Galdino da Cruz , Vendramini Ana Lúcia do Amaral 
Published: June 2022

A espécie Kappaphycus alvarezii é uma macroalga marinha do Filo Rhodophyta, mundialmente utilizada para a extração da carragenana, hidrocoloide de aplicação industrial, além de riquíssima em biocompostos de interesse biotecnológico. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as tendências na utilização dessa macroalga e, assim, motivar o desenvolvimento da algicultura no Brasil. Os temas de maior interesse foram: cultivo, bioativos, nutrição, bioprodutos e bioestimulantes. Para isso, foram consultadas as seguintes bases de dados: Web of Science, Science direct, Scopus, Pubmed, Espacenet e INPI, no período de 1999-2019. Os resultados confirmaram crescente interesse mundial na utilização da macroalga e destacaram a liderança da China, Malásia e Brasil em publicações científicas, enquanto o estudo patentométrico apresentou a China como líder em depósitos, seguida pelos Estados Unidos e Japão, indicando a necessidade de aproximação entre produção científica e atividade produtiva para que o Brasil seja destaque no desenvolvimento da algicultura.
Impact of an integrated whiteboard system on physics QA turnaround time
Authors: Gates Evan , Chiang Bing‐Hao , Kalet Alan , Kim Minsun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the impact of a digital whiteboard system integrated with data from the oncology information system (OIS) on the urgency of physics quality assurance (QA) tasks in the radiation oncology department.MethodsQuality check list (QCL) items in the Mosaiq OIS corresponding to eight discrete, sequential steps in the treatment planning process were created. A whiteboard to graphically display active QCLs automatically and in real time was implemented in March 2020 using R shiny. QCL data with completion status were collected in two 12‐month time periods before and after whiteboard implementation: January 2019–December 2019 and July 2020–June 2021. For all plans requiring patient‐specific QA, we recorded when each plan was available for physics QA and which treatments started the following day. We further classified those plans into four categories (urgency levels 1–4 with 4 being the most urgent) depending on how much time was available to perform QA. We compared the proportion of these next‐day QAs in each category between time periods accounting for plan type, day of the week, and time of year.ResultsOverall QA numbers were similar between time periods with 797 and 765 QAs total. The total proportion of next‐day QA decreased by 27% and the proportions of urgency levels 1 and 4 both showed significant decreases after whiteboard implementation of 29.2% and 54.9%, respectively (). All plan types had reduced proportions of next‐day QAs, especially nonstereotactic body radiation therapy (non‐SBRT) (30.3% decrease, ). Fridays and the months of October–December had the highest proportion of next‐day QAs but showed significant reductions of 19.1% and 40.6% in the proportion of next‐day QAs, respectively ().ConclusionsThe integrated whiteboard system significantly reduced the proportion of last‐minute physics work, increasing patient safety. Advantages of the integrated whiteboard were low cost, low overhead with automatic interface to the OIS, and concurrent user support.
Evaluation of internal margins for prostate for step and shoot intensity‐modulated radiation therapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy using different margin formulas
Authors: Higuchi Daiki , Ono Tomohiro , Kakino Ryo , Aizawa Rihito , Nakayasu Naoki , Ito Hitoshi , Sakamoto Takashi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeThis feasibility study evaluated the intra‐fractional prostate motion using an ultrasound image‐guided system during step and shoot intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (SS‐IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Moreover, the internal margins (IMs) using different margin formulas were calculated.MethodsFourteen consecutive patients with prostate cancer who underwent SS‐IMRT (n = 5) or VMAT (n = 9) between March 2019 and April 2020 were considered. The intra‐fractional prostate motion was observed in the superior–inferior (SI), anterior–posterior (AP), and left–right (LR) directions. The displacement of the prostate was defined as the displacement from the initial position at the scanning start time, which was evaluated using the mean ± standard deviation (SD). IMs were calculated using the van Herk and restricted maximum likelihood (REML) formulas for SS‐IMRT and VMAT.ResultsFor SS‐IMRT, the maximum displacements of the prostate motion were 0.17 ± 0.18, 0.56 ± 0.86, and 0.18 ± 0.59 mm in the SI, AP, and LR directions, respectively. For VMAT, the maximum displacements of the prostate motion were 0.19 ± 0.64, 0.22 ± 0.35, and 0.14 ± 0.37 mm in the SI, AP, and LR directions, respectively. The IMs obtained for SS‐IMRT and VMAT were within 2.3 mm and 1.2 mm using the van Herk formula and within 1.2 mm and 0.8 mm using the REML formula.ConclusionsThis feasibility study confirmed that intra‐fractional prostate motion was observed with SS‐IMRT and VMAT using different margin formulas. The IMs should be determined according to each irradiation technique using the REML margin.
Assessing the Utility of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Tayer‐Shifman Oshrat E. , Yuen Kimberley , Green Robin , Kakvan Mahta , Katz Patricia , Bingham Kathleen S. , Diaz‐Martinez Juan Pablo , Ruttan Lesley , Wither Joan E. , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Su Jiandong , Bonilla Dennisse , Choi May Y. , Appenzeller Simone , Barraclough Michelle , Beaton Dorcas E. , Touma Zahi 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveScreening for cognitive impairment (CI) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) relies on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) neuropsychological battery (NB). By studying the concurrent criterion validity, our goal was to assess the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a screening tool for CI compared to the ACR‐NB and to evaluate the added value of the MoCA to the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM).MethodsA total of 285 adult SLE patients were administered the ACR‐NB, MoCA, and ANAM. For the ACR‐NB, patients were classified as having CI if there was a Z score of ≤–1.5 in ≥2 domains. The area under the curve (AUC) and sensitivities/specificities were determined. A discriminant function analysis was applied to assess the ability of the MoCA to differentiate between CI, undetermined CI, and non‐CI patients.ResultsCI was not accurately identified by the MoCA compared to the ACR‐NB (AUC of 0.66). Sensitivity and specificity were poor at 50% and 69%, respectively, for the cutoff of 26, and 80% and 45%, respectively, for the cutoff of 28. The MoCA had a low ability to identify CI status. The addition of the MoCA to the ANAM led to improvement on the AUC by only 2.5%.ConclusionThe MoCA does not have adequate concurrent criterion validity to accurately identify CI in patients with SLE. The low specificity of the MoCA may lead to overdiagnosis and concern among patients. Adding the MoCA to the ANAM does not substantially improve the accuracy of the ANAM. These results do not support using the MoCA as a screening tool for CI in patients with SLE.
Using Unsupervised Machine Learning Methods to Cluster Comorbidities in a Population‐Based Cohort of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Crowson Cynthia S. , Gunderson Tina M. , Davis John M. , Myasoedova Elena , Kronzer Vanessa L. , Coffey Caitrin M. , Atkinson Elizabeth J. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo identify clusters of comorbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using 4 methods and to compare to patients without RA.MethodsIn this retrospective, population‐based study, residents of 8 Minnesota counties with prevalent RA as of January 1, 2015 were identified. Age‐, sex‐, and county‐matched non‐RA comparators were selected from the same underlying population. Diagnostic codes were retrieved for 5 years before January 1, 2015. Using 2 codes ≥30 days apart, 44 previously defined morbidities and 11 nonoverlapping chronic disease categories based on Clinical Classifications Software were defined. Unsupervised machine learning methods of interest included hierarchical clustering, factor analysis, K‐means clustering, and network analysis.ResultsTwo groups of 1,643 patients with and without RA (72% female; mean age 63.1 years in both groups) were studied. Clustering of comorbidities revealed strong associations among mental/behavioral comorbidities and among cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. The clusters were associated with age and sex. Differences between the 4 clustering methods were driven by comorbidities that are rare and those that were weakly associated with other comorbidities. Common comorbidities tended to group together consistently across approaches. The instability of clusters when using different random seeds or bootstrap sampling impugns the usefulness and reliability of these methods. Clusters of common comorbidities between RA and non‐RA cohorts were similar.ConclusionDespite the higher comorbidity burden in patients with RA compared to the general population, clustering comorbidities did not identify substantial differences in comorbidity patterns between the RA and non‐RA cohorts. The instability of clustering methods suggests caution when interpreting clustering using 1 method.
Complex Oxides for Brain‐Inspired Computing: A Review
Authors: Park Tae Joon , Deng Sunbin , Manna Sukriti , Islam A. N. M. Nafiul , Yu Haoming , Yuan Yifan , Fong Dillon D. , Chubykin Alexander A. , Sengupta Abhronil , Sankaranarayanan Subramanian K. R. S. , Ramanathan Shriram 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe fields of brain‐inspired computing, robotics, and, more broadly, artificial intelligence (AI) seek to implement knowledge gleaned from the natural world into human‐designed electronics and machines. In this review, the opportunities presented by complex oxides, a class of electronic ceramic materials whose properties can be elegantly tuned by doping, electron interactions, and a variety of external stimuli near room temperature, are discussed. The review begins with a discussion of natural intelligence at the elementary level in the nervous system, followed by collective intelligence and learning at the animal colony level mediated by social interactions. An important aspect highlighted is the vast spatial and temporal scales involved in learning and memory. The focus then turns to collective phenomena, such as metal‐to‐insulator transitions (MITs), ferroelectricity, and related examples, to highlight recent demonstrations of artificial neurons, synapses, and circuits and their learning. First‐principles theoretical treatments of the electronic structure, and in situ synchrotron spectroscopy of operating devices are then discussed. The implementation of the experimental characteristics into neural networks and algorithm design is then revewed. Finally, outstanding materials challenges that require a microscopic understanding of the physical mechanisms, which will be essential for advancing the frontiers of neuromorphic computing, are highlighted.