bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematization of Methods to Counteract Counterfeiting of Premium Brands
Authors: Shirochenskaya I. P. , Timokhina G. S. , Shishkin A. V. , Koryagina I. A. , Beketov A. N. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: the purpose of the article is to systematize the methods of combating counterfeiting of premium brands in order to justify the need to shift the focus from the use of methods of exclusively state regulation, mainly of a legal and technological nature, to marketing methods to curb the growth of counterfeit products for premium brands.Methods: the study is based on the use of desk methods for collecting and processing data, using methods of systemic and structural-functional assessment of actual data, methods of multidimensional classification in segmenting consumers of counterfeit products, methods of indexing and structuring marketing methods to combat counterfeit products.Results: based on the analysis of the state of the market for counterfeit premium brands and the methods used to counteract the production and distribution of counterfeit products, the authors systematized marketing methods to curb the growth of consumer demand for counterfeit products of premium brands, which made it possible to identify new methods to combat counterfeiting. As part of the systematization carried out by the authors, the types of consumers of counterfeit products of premium brands are classified based on psychographic and behavioral segmentation, as well as groups of offline, online and combined marketing methods to counter the spread of counterfeit of premium brands.Conclusions and Relevance: the results of the study will allow premium brand stakeholders to form a broader view of the set of methods used to combat counterfeit products and improve the effectiveness of the methods used.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DISERTAI PHET SIMULATION TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH FISIKA DI SMA POKOK BAHASAN SUHU DAN KALOR
Authors: Lestari Sri Ayu , Supriadi Bambang , Harijanto Alex 
Published: April 2022

The aims of this research were to investigate : (1) the influence of PBL model with PhET simulation to student’s science process skill’s; (2) the influence of PBL model with PhET simulation to student’s problem solving skill’s. this research used experimental research method. The sample of this student’s of slass XI IPA at MA Negeri 2 Jember. The data were collected by observation, documentation, and interview. The data was analyzed using the Independent sample t-test toshow the different between experiment class and control class. The results of the research were as follows: (1) PBL model with PhET simulation influence on science process skill’s of student’s (2) PBL model with PhET simulation influence on problem solving skill’s of student’s.

Keywords: Problem Based Learning, science process sklill, problem solving skill.
Reflexões e perspectivas do “conhecimento pertinente” de Edgard Morin no âmbito da cidade saudável
Authors: Bloes Rodrigo Brandini , Sperandio Ana Maria Girotti 
Published: April 2022

O pensamento iluminista submete as inteligências humanas à senda da racionalidade, institucionaliza e consolida a setorização e distancia as ideias de trabalho, habitação e lazer no ambiente urbano. O aumento da expectativa e qualidade de vida no último século não representa um campo resoluto, mas é acompanhado pela crise do capitalismo, do espaço urbano e do próprio planejamento. Como proposta para promover a qualidade de vida, no final do século XX, foi desenvolvido o conceito de cidades saudáveis. O Pensamento Complexo de Edgard Morin pode contribuir para a superação das limitações atuais do planejamento urbano no âmbito da concepção. Este artigo tem o objetivo de trazer reflexões referentes às contribuições de um dos Sete Saberes de Edgard Morin, o “Conhecimento Pertinente” e a proposta de Cidades Saudáveis para um novo posicionamento do planejamento urbano, sob a perspectiva da problemática do ambiente urbano no século XXI. Por meio do materialismo histórico e da revisão de literatura foi possível explorar as aproximações conceituais e refletir sobre suas similitudes. A partir da reflexão realizada foi possível apontar contribuições que os dois campos estudados apresentam para superar as crises da ordem do planejamento urbano, assim como para a formação de uma nova percepção de mundo, por meio da transformação do próprio indivíduo e das relações entre o local e o global.
Pewarnaan Titik Ketakteraturan Lokal Inklusif pada Hasil Operasi Comb Graf Bintang
Authors: Kristiana Arika Indah , Indriani Surya , Albirri E.R 
Published: April 2022

Let G(V,E) is a simple graph and connected where V(G) is vertex set and E(G) is edge set. An inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring is defined by a mapping l:V(G) à {1,2,…, k} as vertex labeling and wi : V(G) à N is function of inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring, with wi(v) = l(v) + ∑u∈N(v) l(u). In other words, an inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring is to assign a color to the graph with the resulting weight value by adding up the labels of the vertices that are neighbouring to its own label. The minimum number of colors produced from inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring of graph G is called inclusive chromatic number local irregularity, denoted by Xlisi(G). In this paper, we learn about the inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring and determine the chromatic number of comb product on star graph.
No Effect of Oral Mecobalamin on Skin Numbness at 3 Months After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Ruangsomboon Pakpoom , Nepal Sarthak , Udomkiat Pacharapol , Unnanuntana Aasis 
Published: April 2022

Background:
An area of skin numbness (AON) around an incision commonly occurs following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Mecobalamin has been shown to facilitate peripheral nerve recovery in various conditions; accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of mecobalamin on AON following TKA, as compared with a placebo.

Methods:
This superiority study was a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. All patients undergoing primary TKA were assessed for eligibility. Included patients were randomized to receive either mecobalamin (500 µg, twice daily) or placebo (corn starch powder; 500 µg, twice daily) for 3 months. The primary outcome was the change in the AON around the surgical site from 2 weeks to 3 months after TKA. Secondary outcomes included the rates of different adverse events, functional outcomes, and visual analogue scale patient satisfaction scores.

Results:
A total of 154 patients were enrolled, with 77 patients each in the mecobalamin and placebo groups. The mean AON among patients in the mecobalamin group was 61.6 cm2 at baseline (2 weeks) and 29.1 cm2 at 3 months, compared with 55.9 cm2 and 33.2 cm2 among patients in the placebo group, respectively. Intention-to-treat analysis showed no significant difference in the change in AON around the surgical site between the 2 groups (mean difference, 7.5; 95% confidence interval, −4.2 to 25.3; p = 0.159). The rates of adverse events, functional outcomes, and visual analogue scale patient satisfaction score were also not significantly different between groups.

Conclusions:
Mecobalamin did not demonstrate superiority over a placebo in reducing the AON around the surgical site at 3 months after primary TKA.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Fatores associados aos erros de previsão orçamentária da receita do setor público
Authors: Souza Nascimento Maria de Nazaré , Rodrigues Boente Diego 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo da pesquisa: O erro de previsão foi verificado sob a perspectiva de fatores políticos e fatores econômicos, tendo como objetivo verificar quais fatores podem estar associados aos erros de previsão da receita orçamentária do setor público
Enquadramento teórico: Este trabalho se apoia na teoria econômica das expectativas adaptativas, que indica que os agentes econômicos formulam expectativas para o futuro baseando-se em fatos pretéritos.
Metodologia: A amostra da pesquisa abrange todos os municípios brasileiros, no período de 2015 a 2018. O modelo utilizado foi de dados em painel e o método de estimação foi via efeitos fixos com estimador robusto de White.
Resultados: Os resultados indicam que os municípios que erram hoje tendem em média continuar errando no futuro, e assim causando, por exemplo, a superestimação da receita, podendo então prejudicar a execução das despesas, provocando um aumento do déficit público, aumento de despesas inscritas em restos a pagar entre outros problemas. A implicação destes resultados indica, sobretudo, que os municípios, antes de se preocuparem com questões exógenas para gerenciar este erro de previsão, devem se preocupar com fatores internos como melhores modelos de previsão.
Originalidade: Este trabalho se diferencia dos demais, pois utiliza de fatores políticos econômicos, testando se essas variáveis se associam ao erro de previsão em municípios do Brasil.
Contribuições teóricas e práticas: Este estudo evidencia informações relevantes do erro contínuo de previsões orçamentárias, permitindo assim que os gestores públicos municipais avaliem futuras decisões dos recursos que serão previstos para execução de produtos e serviços ofertados a sociedade.
Commercial complementary food in Germany: a market survey
Authors: Alexy Ute , Dilger June Joann , Koch Stefanie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: As consumption of commercial complementary food (CCF) during infancy and toddlerhood is common, the aim of the present study was to describe the current (2020) German market of CCF products targeted at infants and toddlers with a special focus on ingredients, macronutrients, and the practice of nutrient fortification.Methods: Information on age declarations, ingredients, energy and nutrient contents, and nutrient fortification was obtained in a market survey by contacting the producers and searching manufacturers' websites. Each product was assigned to one of thirteen product categories (menus, milk-cereal-meal, fruit-cereal-meal, oil, vegetables, meat, fish, fruits, cereals, snack foods, pouches, desserts, beverages). Descriptive statistics were used in order to give an overview of the available products.Results: We identified 1057 CF products on the German market (infants’ CCF (< 12 months): n=829; toddlers’ CCF (> 12 months): n=228)). Highest protein content (% of energy content, %E) was found in meat products. In pouches, beverages, cereal fruit meals, and fruits, more than 50 % of energy came from total sugar . Highest median salt content was found in toddlers’ menus and desserts. Around one third of infants’ CCF products and one quarter of toddlers’ products were fortified with nutrients. Vitamin B1 (thiamin) was the most frequently fortified nutrient, followed by vitamin C, iron, calcium, and vitamin D. Apple was the type of fruit listed most often in products with fruits, whereas carrot was the most frequent vegetable among CCF with vegetables. Conclusion: In particular the high sugar content of most CCFs currently available on the German market may promote unhealthy dietary habits. Parents need to be educated about the optimal selection of products.
Prevalence of Thrombocytopenia and Its Associated Factors Among Neonates Admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Addis Ababa Public Hospitals, Ethiopia 2020/21(Cross Sectional Study)
Authors: Wodaje Markos , Tadele Niguse , Lijaemiro Hana , Demtse Asrat , Birhanu Dires , Tadele Hana , Belege Fekadeselassie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Thrombocytopenia is one of the most frequent hematologic disorders encountered in the sick neonate. This is evidenced by a fairly high prevalence among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit 22%-35%, especially in very-low-birth-weight and preterm neonates its prevalence is up to 70%-80%. In Africa, the prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in Nigeria is 53%, 12.4% in Tunisia, and 16.2% in Libya. However, in Ethiopia, there is limited study assessed both its prevalence and associated factors. Objective: to assess the prevalence of thrombocytopenia and its associated factors among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit at public hospitals in Addis Ababa in 2020/21.Method: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted at NICU of selected Addis Ababa public hospitals from February 15thto March 15th, 2021. Single population proportion formula was used to determine sample size. The final sample size was 423. The collected data entered using Epi data and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Variables that have P-value<0.05in bivariable entered in to multivariable logistic regression model to control for confounder. Statistical significance declared at p-value <0.05.Results: The prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in the study area is 66%.In this study variables such as eclampsia(AOR=4.8, 95%CI: 2.66-13.94), Prolonged rupture of membrane(AOR=0.26, 95%CI:0.101-0.669), Intra uterine growth retardation(AOR=0.26, 95%CI: 0.1-0.68), neonatal sepsis (AOR=11.98, 95%CI: 4.023-25.7), Perinatal asphyxia(AOR=6.68, 95%CI: 2.616-17.6), Necrotizing enterocolitis (AOR=14.6, 95%CI: 2.84-35.61) and prolonged nothing per mouth(AOR=0.243,95%CI: 0.084-0.705) were factors associated with neonatal thrombocytopenia.Conclusion and recommendation: Prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in Addis Ababa public hospitals neonatal intensive care unit is high. Therefore, identifying factors associated with it used as an input in reducing the problem.
New Formulas for the Trigonometry of Isosceles Triangles
Authors: King Noah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses a new formula to solve for the angle of isosceles triangles given proportion of differentiated unequivalent edge length versus the always-equivalent edges. The equation is equal to the arcsine of (X/2) multiplied by two. This formula is to be called ‘isn^-1(x)’, short for inverse isosceles sine equivalent. Also discussed is the non-inverse ‘isn(x)’ which is the cyclic function which is determined to correspond as the equivalent of the classic sine formula to isosceles triangles. The formula set is clearly superior and powerful at calculating the angle and measure of any given obtuse or acute triangle of an unclassified type, as well as unifying a simplest-fit formula across all types of triangle.
Extracellular vesicle-associated microRNA-138-5p regulates embryo implantation and early pregnancy by adjusting GPR124
Authors: Wu Hsien-Ming , Lo Zi-Chi , Tsai Chia-Lung , Chen Liang-Hsuan , Huang Hong-Yuan , Wang Hsin-Shih , Yu John 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Functional embryo-maternal interactions occur during the embryo implantation and placentation. Extracellular vesicles with microRNA (miRNA) between cells have been considered of critical importance for embryo implantation and programming of human pregnancy. MicroRNA-138-5p functions as the transcriptional regulator of GPR124. However, the mechanism of microRNA-138-5p- and GPR124-regulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains unclear. In this study, we examine the roles of microRNA-138-5p and GPR124-regulated inflammasome in embryo implantation and early pregnancy.
Methods
Human decidual stromal cells were isolated from the abortus tissue, collected by curettage from missed abortion patients and normal pregnant women at 6- to 12-wk gestation, after informed consent. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of isolated extracellular vesicles were obtained. NGS and microarray were performed for miRNAs analysis. The predicated target genes of the differentially expressed miRNA were analyzed to identify the target genes and their pathway.
Results
Isolated extracellular vesicles from decidua and decidual stromal cells were confirmed by TEM images. We demonstrated the down-regulation of miR-138-5p and the overexpression of GPR124 in spontaneous miscarriage compared to normal pregnancy. We also showed the excessive activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in spontaneous miscarriage compared to normal pregnancy.
Conclusions
Here we newly demonstrate that the miR-138-5p and GPR124-regulated NLRP3 inflammasome were expressed in extracellular vesicles derived from decidua and decidual stromal cells, indicating the miR-138-5p, GPR124 and NLRP3 inflammasome have potential modulatory role on decidual programming and placentation of human pregnancy. Our findings represent a new concept regarding the role of extracellular vesicles, miR-138-5p, GPR124, and NLRP3 inflammasome in normal early pregnancy and spontaneous miscarriage.
Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Application in Energy Field: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Hou Yali , Wang Qunwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper uses bibliometrics to characterize the knowledge systems of big data, artificial intelligence (AI) and energy based on the Science Citation Index Extension (SCI-E) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) of the Web of Science from 2001 to 2020. Results show that the most influential country in the field is the United States, with an h-index of 75. The Chinese Academy of Sciences publishes the largest number of papers and plays a vital role in the collaboration network. The study also reveals that the IEEE Access and Energies are the most productive journals in terms of the number of publications, and engineering is the most popular subject. The key theoretical foundation includes deep learning, reinforcement learning, energy big data and prediction of energy consumption. The application of big data and AI in the field of energy focuses on smart grid, energy consumption and renewable energy. Early research frontiers involve optimization and prediction of energy-related problems using the genetic algorithm and neural networks. Since 2013, energy big data have gained prominence. At present, machine learning, deep learning and fog computing are frequently combined with energy saving. In the future, big data and AI will be utilized to promote the application of renewable energy and energy-saving renovation of buildings. These findings can help researchers understand the developmental trends and correctly grasp the research direction and method of the emerging interdisciplinary field. They can also assist energy enterprises in finding the right direction for technology investment.
Development and application of an indirect ELISA for the Neospora caninum based on a fusion protein rSRS2- SAG1-GRA7
Authors: Yang Cong-Shan , Yang Chuan-Yin , Opeyemi Ayanniyi Olalekan , Lu Zhen-Xiao , Zhang Jin-Yi , Liu Lu-Yao , Hong Yu-Hang , Cheng Rong-Rong , Zhang Xiang , Zong Qin-Qin , Zhao Hong-Xi , Xu Qian-Ming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Neospora caninum is an important apicomplexan parasite causing neosporosis in cattle. The disease is recognized as one of the most important cause of reproductive problems and abortion in cattle worldwide. In this context, we developed an indirect ELISA with fusion protein rSRS2-SAG1-GRA7 for the diagnosis of neosporosis in aborted dairy cattle. Results: The reaction conditions of the developed indirect ELISA were optimized. This indirect ELISA was compared to indirect immunoinfluscent assay (IFA), a total of 56 sera samples from cattle were used to evaluate the ELISA, the antibodies against N. caninum were tested by this ELISA to evaluate the prevalence of N. caninum in Ningxia. The sensitivity and specificity results of the rSRS2-SAG1-GRA7 indirect ELISA were 83.33% and 100%, the overall coincidence rate was 94.64%. N. caninum was prevalent in all the 4 cities investigated in Ningxia. The positive rate was from 16.67 to 100 %, and the mean rate was 41.64%. Conclusions: This established rSRS2-SAG1-GRA7 indirect ELISA is capable of detecting serum antibodies against N. caninum, and due to its high sensitivity and specificity, it could be applied for serological evaluation and indirect diagnosis of N. caninum infection. And we assessed N. caninum seroprevalence in aborted dairy cattle from Ningxia province of China with this rSRS2-SAG1-GRA7 indirect ELISA.
An immunoPET probe to SARS-CoV-2 reveals early infection of the male genital tract in rhesus macaques
Authors: Madden Patrick , Thomas Yanique , Blair Robert , Samer Sadia , Doyle Mark , Midkiff Cecily , Doyle-Meyers Lara , Becker Mark , Arif Shoaib , McRaven Michael , Simons Lacy , Carias Ann , Martinelli Elena , Lorenzo-Redondo Ramon , Hultquist Judd , Villinger Francois , Veazey Ronald , Hope Thomas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The systemic nature of SARS-CoV-2 infection is highly recognized, but poorly characterized. A non-invasive and unbiased method is needed to clarify whole body spatiotemporal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection after transmission. We recently developed a probe based on the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody CR3022 to study SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in vivo. Herein, we describe its use in immunoPET to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection of three rhesus macaques. Using PET/CT imaging of macaques at different times post-SARS-CoV-2 inoculation, we track the 64Cu-labelled CR3022-F(ab’)2 probe targeting the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to study the dynamics of infection within the respiratory tract and uncover novel sites of infection. Using this method, we uncovered differences in lung pathology between infection with the WA1 isolate and the delta variant, which were readily corroborated through computed tomography scans. The 64Cu-CR3022-probe also demonstrated dynamic changes occurring between 1- and 2-weeks post-infection. Remarkably, a robust signal was seen in the male genital tract (MGT) of all three animals studied. Infection of the MGT was validated by immunofluorescence imaging of infected cells in the testicular and penile tissue and severe pathology was observed in the testes of one animal at 2-weeks post-infection. The results presented here underscore the utility of using immunoPET to study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection to understand its pathogenicity and discover new anatomical sites of viral replication. We provide direct evidence for SARS-CoV-2 infection of the MGT in rhesus macaques revealing the possible pathologic outcomes of viral replication at these sites.
Virus surface-inspired ligand-switchable nanoparticles enable sequential drug delivery for improved oral insulin therapy
Authors: Yang Tiantian , Wang Aohua , Nie Di , Fan Weiwei , Jiang Xiaohe , Yu Miaorong , Guo Shiyan , Zhu Chunliu , Wei Gang , Gan Yong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Mutual interference between surface ligands on multifunctional nanoparticles remains a significant obstacle to achieving the optimal drug-delivery efficacy. Inspired by viruses that modulate surface proteins conformation to enable sequential display of diverse functions, we develop ligand-switchable nanoparticles modified with a pH-responsive stretchable cell-penetrating peptide (Pep) and a liver-targeting moiety (Gal) (Pep/Gal-PNPs). The acidic environments encountered after oral administration trigger the extension of Pep from the surface in a virus-like manner, enabling Pep/Gal-PNPs to efficiently traverse intestinal barriers. Subsequently, Gal is exposed by Pep folding at physiological pH, thereby allowing the specific targeting of Pep/Gal-PNPs to the liver. As a proof-of-concept, insulin-loaded Pep/Gal-PNPs are fabricated which exhibit effective intestinal absorption and excellent hepatic deposition of insulin. Crucially, Pep/Gal-PNPs increase hepatic glycogen production by 7.2-fold, contributing the maintenance of glucose homeostasis for effective diabetes management. Overall, this study provides a promising approach to achieve full potential of diverse ligands on multifunctional nanoparticles.