bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fruit processing by‐products in the aquafeed industry: A feasible strategy for aquaculture sustainability
Authors: Dawood Mahmoud A. O. , Habotta Ola A. E. , Elsabagh Mabrouk , Azra Mohamad Nor , Van Doan Hien , Kari Zulhisyam Abdul , Sewilam Hani 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aquaculture sector is steadily growing due to the increasing demand for healthy and cheap animal protein sources. Consequently, the high demand for nutritionally balanced aquafeed increases, but requires sustainable and feasible feed ingredients. However, the high cost of fish and soybean meals opens the door to looking for suitable non‐traditional feed ingredients. The processing of fruits results in high amounts of waste and by‐products, which are risky for the environment but rich in nutritional value. Recycling fruit waste in aquafeed is successfully applied and results in high growth performance, productivity and well‐being of aquatic animals. Fruit by‐products are also potential functional feed additives devoted to their high content of polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins, minerals, polysaccharides and peptides. As functional components, fruit by‐products enhance the antioxidative and immune responses of aquatic animals and increase their tolerance for biotic and abiotic stressors. In light of reducing antimicrobial chemicals in aquaculture to mitigate antimicrobial resistance, dietary feed additives extracted from fruit by‐products can be used as eco‐friendly substances. The investigations involved in evaluating the incorporation of fruit by‐products and their derivatives in aquafeeds are explored in this review. An overview of the possibility of using non‐traditional plant products in aquaculture as a feasible and sustainable concept is addressed in this review. Academic knowledge with enough information for more development and research to maximise the utilisation of fruit by‐products in the aquafeed industry is also enriched.
Evaluation of sperm membrane functionality during epididymal transit in red‐rumped agouti (Dasyprocta leporina)
Authors: Dantas Maiko Roberto Tavares , Luz Nayra Rachel Nascimento , Bezerra Luana Grasiele Pereira , Moreira Samara Sandy Jerônimo , de Oliveira Moacir Franco , Silva Alexandre Rodrigues 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe studied the sperm membrane functionality through the epididymal transit by comparing different hypoosmotic solutions and verifying possible associations among osmotic response and functional parameters of sperm in red‐rumped agouti (Dasyprocta leporina). For this purpose, epididymal sperm from six sexually mature male agoutis were collected via flotation. Then, analyses of sperm parameters and hypoosmotic swelling test using different hypoosmotic solutions (0, 50 and 200 mOsm/L) in different regions of the epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda) were performed. There was an increase (p < .05) in the values for sperm concentration, the total number of sperm recovered, total and progressive motility, average path velocity, straight‐line velocity, curvilinear velocity, and rapid and medium subpopulations following the caput‐corpus‐cauda direction. Regardless of the hypoosmotic solution, the agouti sperm membrane presented similar functional integrity in all the epididymal regions. Moreover, the highest (p < .05) osmotic responses were reached with the use of 50 mOsm/L solution in comparison to 0 and 200 mOsm/L for all the regions. Significant correlations among osmotic response and some sperm kinetic parameters were observed, especially in epididymal caput, while no correlations were found in the region of the cauda. In summary, red‐rumped agouti sperm present similar membrane functionality during epididymal transit, but there are evident correlations among such functionality and sperm kinetic parameters, especially in the caput region. Moreover, we indicate the use of a 50 mOsm/L hypoosmotic solution for the analysis of this parameter through the hypoosmotic swelling test.
Ecological information and approaches needed for risk communication dialogs for acute or chronic environmental crises
Authors: Burger Joanna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractScientists, social scientists, risk communicators, and many others are often thrust into a crisis situation where they need to interact with a range of stakeholders, including governmental personnel (tribal, U.S. federal, state, local), local residents, and other publics, as well as other scientists and other risk communicators in situations where information is incomplete and evolving. This paper provides: (1) an overall framework for thinking about communication during crises, from acute to chronic, and local to widespread, (2) a template for the types of ecological information needed to address public and environmental concerns, and (3) examples to illustrate how this information will aid risk communicators. The main goal is providing an approach to the knowledge needed by communicators to address the challenges of protecting ecological resources during an environmental crisis, or for an on‐going, chronic environmental issue. To understand the risk to these ecological resources, it is important to identify the type of event, whether it is acute or chronic (or some combination of these), what receptors are at risk, and what stressors are involved (natural, biological, chemical, radiological). For ecological resources, the key information a communicator needs for a crisis is whether any of the following are present: threatened or endangered species, species of special concern, species groups of concern (e.g., neotropical bird migrants, breeding frogs in vernal ponds, rare plant assemblages), unique or rare habitats, species of commercial and recreational interest, and species/habitats of especial interest for medicinal, cultural, or religious activities. Communication among stakeholders is complicated with respect to risk to ecological receptors because of differences in trust, credibility, empathy, perceptions, world view valuation of the resources, and in many cases, a history of misinformation, disinformation, or no information. Exposure of salmon spawning in the Columbia River to hexavalent chromium from the Hanford Site is used as an example of communication challenges with different stakeholders, including Native Americans with Tribal Treaty rights to the land.
Trade policy in a sovereign Palestinian State: What are the options in a final settlement?
Authors: Agbahey Johanes , Siddig Khalid , Grethe Harald , Luckmann Jonas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper quantifies the economy‐wide effects of different trade policies on the Palestinian economy, using a detailed database and a general equilibrium model adjusted to the particularities of the Palestinian economy. The findings show that a liberal and non‐discriminatory trade regime provides the highest benefits for the Palestinian economy, in terms of welfare effects, GDP growth and job creation. The choice of an exchange rate regime has a considerable influence on the effects of trade policy. Accordingly, a full control over trade and monetary policy instruments could improve the capacity of the Palestinian National Authority to address the prevailing high unemployment and sluggish economic growth.
Short-Term Cross-Sectional Time-Series Wear Prediction by Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Nugraha Renaldy Dwi , He Ke , Liu Ang , Zhang Zhinan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Wear is one of the major causes that affect the performance and reliability of tribo-systems. To mitigate its adverse effects, it is necessary to monitor the wear progress so that preventive maintenance can be timely scheduled. An online visual ferrograph (OLVF) apparatus is used to obtain online measurements of wear particle quantities, and monitor the wearing of a four-ball tribometer under different lubrication conditions, and several popular deep learning algorithms are evaluated for their effectiveness in providing maintenance decisions. The obtained data are converted to the cross-sectional time series (CSTS), for its effectiveness in representing the variation trends of multiple variables, and the data are used as the input to the deep learning algorithms. Experimental results indicate that the CSTS together with the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) architecture outperforms other tested settings in terms of the mean-squared error (MSE). Increased prediction accuracy is observed for tribological pairs with a stochastically changing coefficient of friction.
Mechanics of Three-Dimensional Soft Network Materials With a Class of Bio-Inspired Designs
Authors: Chang Jiahui , Yan Dongjia , Liu Jianxing , Zhang Fan , Zhang Yihui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Inspired by the helix-shaped microstructures found in many collagenous tissues, a class of three-dimensional (3D) soft network materials that incorporate similar helical microstructures into periodic 3D lattices was reported recently. Owing to their high stretchability, high air permeability, defect-insensitive behavior, and capabilities of reproducing anisotropic J-shaped stress–strain curves of real biological tissues (e.g., heart muscles), these 3D soft network materials hold great promise for applications in tissue engineering and bio-integrated devices. Rapid design optimization of such soft network materials in practical applications requires a relevant mechanics model to serve as the theoretical basis. This paper introduces a nonlinear micromechanics model of soft 3D network materials with cubic and octahedral lattice topologies, grounded on the development of finite-deformation beam theory for the 3D helical microstructure (i.e., the building-block structure of 3D network materials). As verified by finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental measurements, the developed model can well predict the anisotropic J-shaped stress–strain curves and deformed configurations under large levels of uniaxial stretching. The theoretical model allows a clear understanding of different roles of microstructure parameters on the J-shaped stress–strain curve (that is characterized by the critical strain of mode transition, as well as the stress and the tangent modulus at the critical strain). Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of the theoretical model in the design optimization of 3D soft network materials to reproduce the target isotropic/anisotropic stress–strain curves of real biological tissues.
The Impact of Heart Rate and Cardiac Output on Retrograde Flow in the Human Thoracic Aorta
Authors: Fuchs Alexander , Berg Niclas , Parker Louis P. , Prahl Wittberg Lisa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChanges in aortic flow characteristics have previously been linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), and the temporal flow profile on retrograde flow and wall shear stress (WSS) in the thoracic aorta. Pulsatile flow in a human thoracic aorta model was simulated for eleven combinations of HR (60–150 beats per minutes, BPM), CO and temporal flow profiles. Retrograde flow and WSS effects were characterized with common biomechanical metrics along with new markers. The results underpin the importance of temporal variation of the cardiac flow rate and the impact of the deceleration phase of systole and diastole on retrograde flow. During retrograde flow, the near-wall region may be stagnant (with low WSS) at low HR. At high HR, the WSS increases and becomes oscillatory in space and time. This finding may explain the clinical observation that increasing HR is associated with risk for CVD.
Assessment of Optimization Strategies for Battery Electrode-Active Particles Based on Chemomechanical Analysis
Authors: Tang Weiyang , Chen Zongli , Zhao Ying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the article, we employed and extended the chemomechanical model for a hollow spherical particle to account for different optimization strategies for improved battery performance. In particular, we assessed the influence of surface tension and coating on a hollow particle. We have shown that hollow spherical particles can significantly reduce the charging time with only a small sacrifice of the theoretical capacity. Surface tension, however, plays a negligible role in the hollow as in a solid spherical particle, when the particle is synthesized at micro-level. Finally, we assess the influence of the coating on the hollow particle and found that it can effectively push the whole active particle into a compressive state.
Using a Multi-Inlet/Outlet Manifold to Improve Heat Transfer and Flow Distribution of a Pin Fin Heat Sink
Authors: Gharaibeh Ahmad R. , Manaserh Yaman M. , Tradat Mohammad I. , AlShatnawi Firas W. , Schiffres Scott N. , Sammakia Bahgat G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The increased power consumption and continued miniaturization of high-powered electronic components have presented many challenges to their thermal management. To improve the efficiency and reliability of these devices, the high amount of heat that they generate must be properly removed. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical model has been developed and experimentally validated for several manifold heat sink designs. The goal was to enhance the heat sink's thermal performance while reducing the required pumping power by lowering the pressure drop across the heat sink. The considered designs were benchmarked to a commercially available heat sink in terms of their thermal and hydraulic performances. The proposed manifolds were designed to distribute fluid through alternating inlet and outlet branched internal channels. It was found that using the manifold design with 3 channels reduced the thermal resistance from 0.061 to 0.054 °C/W with a pressure drop reduction of 0.77 kPa from the commercial cold plate. A geometric parametric study was performed to investigate the effect of the manifold's internal channel width on the thermohydraulic performance of the proposed designs. It was found that the thermal resistance decreased as the manifold's channel width decreased, up until a certain width value, below which the thermal resistance started to increase while maintaining low-pressure drop values. Where the thermal resistance significantly decreased in the 7 channels design by 16.4% and maintained a lower pressure drop value below 0.6 kPa.
Electrothermal Analysis of System in Package for Aerospace Application
Authors: Su Hao-hang , Fu Shuai , Li Su-yuan , Bian Jiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the failure problem of aerospace electronic product at the complex space environment, the electrothermal coupling method has been used to analyze the reliability of the ten channels independently adjustable voltage conversion system in package (SIP) module based on integrated forming package, which has supplied the voltage to the remote sensing camera detector. First, the electromagnetic model and thermal model have been made based on the SIP module; second, the electrothermal coupling simulation of three working conditions at normal environment have been made, and the maximum temperature of the SIP has been calculated; then, the maximum temperature of the SIP has been also calculated at vacuum and 45 °C to analyze the performance of this SIP in the space environment; at last, some test have been made of the SIP product. Compared with the measured results, the electrothermal coupling method has much more accurate than traditional thermal method. At normal environment, the simulated temperature relative error is 2.8%. At vacuum and 45 °C environment, the simulated temperature relative error is 9%. This method ensured the performance and accuracy of the design of the SIP, which has verified the reliability of aerospace SIP module at early stage.
Interfacial Characteristics of Power-Law Viscoelastic Fluid With Heat and Mass Transfer in Planar Configuration
Authors: Shukla Atul Kumar , Awasthi Mukesh Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, a linear stability principle is utilized to investigate the Rayleigh–Taylor stability at the power-law viscoelastic fluid/inviscid gas interface. The power-law viscoelastic fluid lies above the gas and heat is transferred from the upper phase to the lower phase and vice versa. The simplified formulation for heat transport derived by Hsieh (1972, “The Effect of Heat and Mass on Rayleigh Taylor Instability,” ASME J. Basic Eng., 94(1), pp. 156–160) is utilized here. In the perturbed state, the mathematical equations are linearized and the well-known normal mode procedure is employed to examine the stability. An implicit dispersion relationship in the terms of growth rate parameter is achieved and solved through the Newton–Raphson method. The various plots are made to study the behavior of flow variables on the stability of the interface. It is found that the instability of the interface decreases if the transfer of heat is increased. The power-law fluid interface is more stable than the inviscid fluid interface while it is more unstable than the corresponding Newtonian fluid interface. The high power-law index makes the system more stable while a denser power-law fluid reduces the interfacial stability. The consistency coefficient and viscosity of power-law fluid both have a stabilizing character.
Gestational age and risk of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Yin Weiyao , Döring Nora , Persson Monica S M , Persson Martina , Tedroff Kristina , Ådén Ulrika , Sandin Sven 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the association between gestational age at birth and risk of clinically diagnosed intellectual disability (ID) week by week to provide a detailed description of ID risk across the entire range of gestational ages and by severity of ID.MethodsAll individuals born alive in Sweden 1974–2017 were prospectively followed up from birth until 2017 using national registers. The HRs for ID according to weekly gestational age and gestational age categories were determined using Cox models. Sibling analyses were conducted to adjust for familial confounding.ResultsThe study included 3 572 845 live births. During the follow-up, 26 596 ID cases were registered. The adjusted weekly estimates showed a gradual increase in risk of ID from week 40 to week 24 (adjusted HR37weeks=1.80 (1.74 to 1.87), aHR32weeks=3.93 (3.73 to 4.13), aHR28weeks=7.53 (6.95 to 8.16), aHR24weeks=21.58 (18.62 to 25.00)) and from week 41 onwards (aHR42weeks=1.26 (1.19 to 1.32)), with statistically significantly higher risks across the range of gestational age compared with infants born at week 40. The associations were consistent in mild, moderate and severe/profound ID but most prominent for severe/profound ID.ConclusionThe risk of ID increased weekly as the date of delivery moved away from 40 weeks, both preterm and post-term. The results remained robust after detailed adjustment for confounding, including familial confounding.
Prospective assessing metabolic abnormalities, lifestyle and dietary pattern in a Chinese population with heart failure: the MALD-HF study protocol
Authors: Jin Yao , Huang Hui , Zhou Qingfen , Dong Fengwei , Lu Lin , Gao Xiang , Wu Zhijun 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionThe evidence on predictive value of lifestyle behaviours and dietary pattern on the prognosis of heart failure (HF) is limited. Our aim is to identify these factors in the setting of secondary prevention of HF.Methods and analysisThe Metabolic Abnormalities, Lifestyle and Dietary Pattern in Heart Failure study is an ongoing, prospective cohort, single-centre study that aims to recruit 1500 patients with HF from June 2016 to June 2021. At baseline, each participant completes a questionnaire on demographic characteristics, medical history, lifestyle behaviours, sleep duration and quality, bowel movements and regular diet. Biochemical measurements, blood pressure, carotid ultrasound, echocardiography, electrocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance are obtained and analysed. Muscle strength is assessed using the handgrip dynamometer and the MicroFet2 hand-held dynamometer. Each patient is followed for 5 years or until the occurrence of death. The primary outcome is a composite of cardiovascular mortality or hospitalisation due to worsening heart failure. The secondary end points are cardiovascular deaths and the hospitalisations due to worsening HF. The incidence of mortality and cardiovascular events is documented biennially.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and follows the norms of the World’s Association Declaration of Helsinki. The results of this study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and academic conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03951311.
Assessing patient experience with patient safety in primary care: development and validation of the ASK-ME-questionnaire
Authors: Stahl Katja , Reisinger Anna , Groene Oliver 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo develop and test the validity and reliability of a tool measuring patient experiences with patient safety in ambulatory care that is suitable for routine use in general practitioner and specialist practices.DesignInstrument development was based on a literature review, a 3-round Delphi survey with a multidisciplinary expert panel and cognitive interviews with patients. The instrument was piloted in 22 practices using a cross-sectional survey. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to test construct validity. Internal consistency and the ability of the questionnaire to differentiate between selected subgroups and at the level of individual practices was examined.SettingGeneral practitioner and specialist practices.ParticipantsPatients aged >18 years seeking care in ambulatory care practices between February and June 2020.ResultsThe final ASK-ME-questionnaire consisted of 22 items covering 5 theoretical dimensions. A total of 3042 patients (71.1%) completed the questionnaire. Median item non-response rate was 4.2% (IQR 3.4%–4.7%). EFA yielded 3 factors comprising 14 items explaining 64.8% of the variance representing contributing factors to patient safety incidents. CFA confirmed the factorial structure suggested by EFA. The model fit the data satisfactorily (comparative fit index=0.92, root mean square error of approximation=0.08, standardised root mean square residual=0.08). Internal consistency values ranged from 0.7 to 0.9. Discriminant validity was supported by significant differences between patients of different age and differences in self-reported health status. The factors distinguished well between practices.ConclusionThe ASK-ME-questionnaire showed good psychometric properties. It is suitable for routine use in patient safety measurement and improvement systems in ambulatory care. Further research is required to adequately assess number and type of experienced events in routine measurements.