bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tau as a biomarker of cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptom in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Dang Mingxi , Chen Qian , Zhao Xiaobin , Chen Kewei , Li Xin , Zhang Junying , Lu Jie , Ai Lin , Chen Yaojing , Zhang Zhanjun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe A/T/N research framework has been proposed for the diagnosis and prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the spatial distribution of ATN biomarkers and their relationship with cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) need further clarification in patients with AD. We scanned 83 AD patients and 38 cognitively normal controls who independently completed the mini‐mental state examination and Neuropsychiatric Inventory scales. Tau, Aβ, and hypometabolism spatial patterns were characterized using Statistical Parametric Mapping together with [18F]flortaucipir, [18F]florbetapir, and [18F]FDG positron emission tomography. Piecewise linear regression, two‐samplet‐tests, and support vector machine algorithms were used to explore the relationship between tau, Aβ, and hypometabolism and cognition, NPS, and AD diagnosis. The results showed that regions with tau deposition are region‐specific and mainly occurred in inferior temporal lobes in AD, which extensively overlaps with the hypometabolic regions. While the deposition regions of Aβ were unique and the regions affected by hypometabolism were widely distributed. Unlike Aβ, tau and hypometabolism build up monotonically with increasing cognitive impairment in the late stages of AD. In addition, NPS in AD were associated with tau deposition closely, followed by hypometabolism, but not with Aβ. Finally, hypometabolism and tau had higher accuracy in differentiating the AD patients from controls (accuracy = 0.88, accuracy = 0.85) than Aβ (accuracy = 0.81), and the combined three were the highest (accuracy = 0.95). These findings suggest tau pathology is superior over Aβ and glucose metabolism to identify cognitive impairment and NPS. Its results support tau accumulation can be used as a biomarker of clinical impairment in AD.
The intergenerational persistence of opioid dependence: Evidence from administrative data
Authors: Ahammer Alexander , Halla Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo address the opioid crisis, it is crucial to understand its origins. We provide descriptive evidence for the intergenerational persistence of opioid dependence. Our analysis is based on administrative data covering the universe of Austrian births from 1984 to 1990. We consider prescription opioids and a new proxy for addiction to illicit opioids. We find that, if at least one parent is using illicit opioids, the likelihood of the child using increases from 1% to 7%. For prescription opioids, we observe an increase from 3.6% to 6.7%. Both associations are stable and do not change when controlling for environmental variables.
Relief and climate influence on isotopic composition of Atlantic‐Mediterranean karst spring waters (Andalusia, southern Spain)
Authors: Yanes José Luis , Moral Francisco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe geographic location of Andalusia, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, and its great topographic and climate diversity enable the analysis of different factors that condition the isotopic composition of precipitation and groundwater. A total of 42 karst springs representative of the main carbonate aquifers were selected in order to sample the base flow waters during the summer of 2020. Isotopic analyses revealed that groundwater δ18O was between −5.04 and −9.85‰ while that of δ2H was between −26.39 and −62.69‰. Weighted mean isotopic data for precipitation, from six IAEA stations in the study area, was between −4.67 and −9.06‰ for δ18O, and between −24.93 and −58.99 ‰ for δ2H. The results showed that diffuse flow groundwaters are lighter and have higher d‐excess than meteoric waters, which may be due to preferential recharge during winter months and the sub‐cloud evaporation effect. The spatial variation of d‐excess, with average values around 14 ‰ in the Atlantic watershed and 17 ‰ in the Mediterranean watershed, has showed for the first time the effect of the Atlantic‐Mediterranean divide on the isotopic composition of spring waters. Furthermore, a progressive decrease in δ18O towards the east of the study area seems to be related to the effects of continentality and altitude. This also allowed us to conclude that, in the areas with highest rainfall, springs drain waters with a relatively higher content of heavy isotopes than expected from the regional altitudinal gradient, while springs in drier areas discharge lighter waters. These differences can be attributed to a longer recharge period in the former, which extends in the warmer months or autumn and spring.
CO bonding in hexa‐ and pentacoordinate carboxy‐neuroglobin: A quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics and local vibrational mode study
Authors: Freindorf Marek , Delgado Alexis Antoinette Ann , Kraka Elfi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present a comprehensive investigation on the different role of CO in carboxyneuroglobin (1) as ligand of the heme group in the active site forming a bond with the heme iron and (2) dissociated from the heme group but still trapped inside the active site, focusing on two specific orientations, one with CO perpendicular to the plane defined by the distal histidine of the enzyme (form A) and one with CO located parallel to that plane (form B). Our study includes wild type carboxy‐neuroglobin and nine known protein mutations. Considering that the distal histidine interacting with the heme group can adapt two different tautomeric forms and the two possible orientations of the dissociated CO, a total of 36 protein systems were analyzed in this study. Fully optimized geometries and vibrational frequencies were calculated at the QM/MM level, followed by the local mode analysis, to decode CO bond properties. The intrinsic bond strengths derived from the local mode analysis, complemented with NBO and QTAIM data, reveal that the strength of the CO bond, in the hexacoordinate (where CO is a ligand of the heme group) and pentacoordinate (where CO is dissociated from the heme group) scenarios, is dominated by through bond and through space charge transfer between CO and Fe, fine‐tuned by electrostatic and dispersion interactions with the side chain amino acids in the distal heme pocket. Suggestions are made as to advise on how protein modifications can influence the molecular properties of the coordinated or dissociated CO, which could serve the fine‐tuning of existing and the design of new neuroglobin models with specific FeC and CO bond strengths.
Connectivity preserving trees in k‐connected or k‐edge‐connected graphs
Authors: Hasunuma Toru 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe show that for and any tree of order , every ‐connected (respectively, ‐edge‐connected) graph with minimum degree at least contains a subtree such that is ‐connected (respectively, ‐edge‐connected), where denotes the maximum degree of . We also show that for any and any tree of order , every ‐connected (respectively, ‐edge‐connected) graph of order with minimum degree at least where contains a subtree such that is ‐connected (respectively, ‐edge‐connected). The lower bound of on the minimum degree of can be improved to under several restrictions or assumptions.
New metal free organic dyes incorporating heterocyclic Benzofuran core as conjugated spacer: Synthesis, Opto‐electrochemical, DFT and DSSC studies
Authors: Mashraqui Sabir Hussain , Chilekar Aniket , Mestri Rupesh , Upadhyay Jyoti , Badani Purav , Nemala Siva Sankar , Bhargava Parag 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSynthesis of a series of new organic photosensitizers, designated as BZ1‐BZ4, was achieved by incorporating benzofuran core as π‐spacer, triphenylamine (TPA) and 4‐methoxy triphenylamine (4‐MeO‐TPA) as donors and cyanoacrylic acid (CAA) and rhodanine‐3‐acetic acid (RAA) as acceptor/anchoring groups. Structurally, dyes BZ1 and BZ2 carry TPA and 4‐MeO‐TPA as donors, respectively, whereas CAA constitutes as a common acceptor. On the other hand, BZ3 and BZ4 incorporate TPA and 4‐MeO‐TPA as donors, respectively, and RAA serves as a common acceptor. Key steps to access BZ1‐BZ4 involved Wittig olefination, reduction of cyano groups to aldehyde, and finally Knoevenagel condensation. In UV–visible spectra, dyes BZ1‐BZ4 exhibited intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) maxima in the range of 503 nm to 534 nm and their extinction coefficients varied from 22,600 to 40,400 M−1 cm−1. Using cyclic voltammetry and UV–visible data, we calculated the optical band gaps, (E0−0) of BZ1‐BZ4 to be 2.09, 2.00, 2.01, and 1.93 eV, respectively. DFT studies revealed that HOMOs of dyes were localized essentially on the donors triphenylamine groups, whereas the LUMOs are largely confined over electron acceptors CAA and RAA as well as partly diffused into the benzofuran spacer. DSSCs, configured using BZ1‐BZ4 as photosensitizers, showed fill factors (ff) in the range of 0.57 to 0.76, comparable to standard N3 dye (0.67). In addition, BZ1 and BZ2 dyes with CAA as an acceptor also exhibited decent open circuit voltage (Voc) in the range of 0.61 to 0.63 relative to the 0.66 observed for N3 dye. Dyes BZ1‐BZ2 carrying CAA as an acceptor exhibited an efficiency (η) of 2.03% and 1.49%, respectively, against the benchmark N3 dye, showing η of 5.02%. Due to poor Voc and short circuit current density (Isc), dyes BZ3‐BZ4 carrying RAA as acceptor/anchoring group performed significantly poor, showing η of 0.08%, and 0.32%, respectively.
Investigating consumers' brand desirability for upcycled luxury brands
Authors: Phau Ian , Akintimehin Olamide Oluwabusola , Lee Sean 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates consumers' values on attitude and brand desirability for upcycled luxury designer shirts. Consumer values in the present study's context consist of terminal and instrumental values. Findings show that terminal values do not strongly influence the attitude towards the Burberry previous collection shirts nor brand desirability for the Burberry leftover fabric shirts and the Burberry previous collection shirts compared to Burberry generic shirts. Instrumental values do not strongly influence the attitude towards the Burberry leftover fabric shirts. Still, a stronger influence on brand desirability for the Burberry previous collection shirts than Burberry generic shirts. Managerial and strategic implications should focus on instrumental values to evoke favorable luxury brand desirability.
Difference of microbial community and gene composition with saccharification function between Chinese nongxiangxing daqu and jiangxiangxing daqu
Authors: Xia Yu , Zhou Wen , Du Yake , Wang Yan , Zhu Min , Zhao Yajiao , Wu Zhengyun , Zhang Wenxue 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe saccharification function of daqu is usually characterized by two indicators: saccharification power and liquefaction power. Daqu provides diverse microbial saccharifying enzymes for hydrolyzing carbohydrate in Baijiu fermenting grain. Obviously, the composition of microbial communities and enzymatic genes in different types of daqu cultured at varied temperatures is different. However, these differences in saccharification function are not fully understood.RESULTSThe findings suggested that the saccharification power and liquefaction power of jiangxiangxing daqu were lower than those of nongxiangxing daqu throughout the production process. We employed metagenomics to find evidence that a mode of multiple saccharifying enzymes involving amylase, cellulase and hemicellulase originating from various microbes exists in daqu. Moreover, a totality of 541 related differential genes were obtained, some of which, annotated to genera of Aspergillus, Lactobacillus and Weissella, were significantly enriched (P < 0.05) in nongxiangxing daqu, while others, annotated to thermophilic genera of Virgibacillus, Bacillus, Kroppenstedtia and Saccharopolyspora, showed a higher relative abundance in jiangxiangxing daqu (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONVarious microbial communities of daqu showed diverse saccharification capacity during cultivation of different parameters. These findings are helpful in comprehending the saccharification functional genes of daqu. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Spermidine alleviates oxidative damage and enhances phenolic compounds accumulation in barley seedlings under UV‐B stress
Authors: Xie Chong , Wang Pei , Gu Zhenxin , Yang Runqiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDUltraviolet B (UV‐B) radiation can enhance the accumulation of phenolic compounds (PCs) in barley seedling, although this may result in severe oxidative damage. In the present study, the role of spermidine in alleviating oxidative damage and regulating synthesis of PCs in barley seedlings under UV‐B stress was investigated.RESULTSExogenous spermidine increased the length and fresh weight as well as PCs contents of barley seedlings under UV‐B stress. Application of dicyclohexylamine, an inhibitor of endogenous spermidine synthesis, significantly inhibited the growth and PC accumulation of barley seedlings under UV‐B stress, although this inhibitory effect can be alleviated by exogenous spermidine. Exogenous spermidine increased the contents of vanillic acid, syringic acid, protocatechuic acid and p‐coumaric acid in barley seedlings under UV‐B stress by 20–200% through enhancing the activities of enzymes related to synthesis of these acids. In addition, exogenous spermidine enhanced activities and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in barley seedlings under UV‐B stress, including peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S‐transferase.CONCLUSIONSpermidine can alleviate oxidative damage of barley seedlings under UV‐B stress and enhance the accumulation of PCs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of thermal process on the key aroma components of green tea with chestnut‐like aroma
Authors: Qu Feng‐Feng , Li Xiao‐Han , Wang Pei‐Qiang , Han Ya‐Hui , Wu Ying , Hu Jian‐Hui , Zhang Xin‐Fu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDChestnut‐like aroma is one of the unique qualities of Chinese green tea and has become an important factor influencing consumer decisions. However, the chemical formation mechanism of chestnut‐like aroma during green tea processing remains unclear. In this study, the dynamic changes of key components contributing to chestnut‐like aroma and their precursors were analyzed in fresh leaves, fixation leaves, first baking tea leaves, and green tea.RESULTSThe thermal process had an important effect on volatile components in tea leaves, causing a significant decrease of alcohols and esters and a significant increase of ketones, acids, phenols, and sulfur compounds. Furthermore, 31 volatiles were identified as the key odorants responsible for chestnut‐like aroma of green tea, including dimethyl sulfide, methyl isobutenyl ketone, 2‐methylbutanal, 2,4‐dimethylstyrene, d‐limonene, methyl 2‐methylvalerate, linalool, decanal, longifolene, phenylethyl alcohol, l‐α‐terpineol, jasmone, and so on. And the majority of these odorants were only formed in the drying stage. Additionally, isoleucine, theanine, methionine, and glucose were found to be involved in the formation of chestnut‐like aroma of green tea.CONCLUSIONThe drying process played a vital important role in the formation of chestnut‐like aroma of green tea. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Outcomes after repeat hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases from the colorectal liver operative metastasis international collaborative (COLOMIC)
Authors: Valenzuela Cristian D. , Moaven Omeed , Gawdi Rohin , Stauffer John A. , Del Piccolo Nico R. , Cheung Tan To , Corvera Carlos U. , Wisneski Andrew D. , Cha Charles , Pourhabibi Zarandi Nima , Dourado Justin , Perry Kathleen C. , Russell Gregory , Shen Perry 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundResection of colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) is beneficial when feasible. However, the benefit of second hepatectomy for hepatic recurrence in CLM remains unclear.MethodsThe Colorectal Liver Operative Metastasis International Collaborative retrospectively examined 1004 CLM cases from 2000 to 2018 from a total of 953 patients. Hepatic recurrence after initial hepatectomy was identified in 218 patients. Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed for overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to offset selection bias. Cox proportional‐hazards regression was performed to identify risk factors associated with OS.ResultsA total of 51 patients underwent second hepatectomy. Unadjusted median OS was 60.1 months in repeat‐hepatectomy versus 38.3 months in the single‐hepatectomy group (p = 0.015). In the PSM population, median OS remained significantly better in the repeat‐hepatectomy group (60.1 vs. 33.1 months; p = 0.0023); median RFS was 12.4 months for the repeat‐hepatectomy group, versus 9.8 months in the single‐hepatectomy group (p = 0.0050). Repeat hepatectomy was associated with lower risk of death (hazard ratio: 0.283; p = 0.000012). Obesity, tobacco use, and high intraoperative blood loss were associated with significant risk of death (p < 0.05).ConclusionIn CLM with hepatic recurrence, second hepatectomy was beneficial for OS. With PSM, the OS benefit of performing a second hepatectomy remained significant.
Precision of region of interest‐based tri‐exponential intravoxel incoherent motion quantification and the role of the Intervoxel spatial distribution of flow velocities
Authors: Simchick Gregory , Hernando Diego 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this work was to obtain precise tri‐exponential intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) quantification in the liver using 2D (b‐value and first‐order motion moment [M1]) IVIM‐DWI acquisitions and region of interest (ROI)‐based fitting techniques.MethodsDiffusion MRI of the liver was performed in 10 healthy volunteers using three IVIM‐DWI acquisitions: conventional monopolar, optimized monopolar, and optimized 2D (b‐M1). For each acquisition, bi‐exponential and tri‐exponential full, segmented, and over‐segmented ROI‐based fitting and a newly proposed blood velocity SDdistribution (BVD) fitting technique were performed to obtain IVIM estimates in the right and left liver lobes. Fitting quality was evaluated using corrected Akaike information criterion. Precision metrics (test–retest repeatability, inter‐reader reproducibility, and inter‐lobar agreement) were evaluated using Bland–Altman analysis, repeatability/reproducibility coefficients (RPCs), and paired sample t‐tests. Precision was compared across acquisitions and fitting methods.ResultsHigh repeatability and reproducibility was observed in the estimations of the diffusion coefficient (Dtri = [1.03 ± 0.11] × 10−3 mm2/s; RPCs ≤ 1.34 × 10−4 mm2/s), perfusion fractions (F1 = 3.19 ± 1.89% and F2 = 16.4 ± 2.07%; RPCs ≤ 2.51%), and blood velocity SDs (Vb,1 = 1.44 ± 0.14 mm/s and Vb,2 = 3.62 ± 0.13 mm/s; RPCs ≤ 0.41 mm/s) in the right liver lobe using the 2D (b‐M1) acquisition in conjunction with BVD fitting. Using these methods, significantly larger (p < 0.01) estimates of Dtri and F1 were observed in the left lobe in comparison to the right lobe, while estimates of Vb,1 and Vb,2 demonstrated high interlobar agreement (RPCs ≤ 0.45 mm/s).ConclusionsThe 2D (b‐M1) IVIM‐DWI data acquisition in conjunction with BVD fitting enables highly precise tri‐exponential IVIM quantification in the right liver lobe.
Meta‐analysis of Red List conservation assessments of Mexican endemic and near endemic tree species shows nearly two thirds of these are threatened
Authors: Samain Marie‐Stéphanie , Guzmán Díaz Salvador , Machuca Machuca Karina , Dolores Fuentes Alejandra Celeste , Zacarías Correa Ana Gabriela , Valentín Martínez Dagoberto , Aldaba Núñez Fabián Augusto , Redonda‐Martínez Rosario , Oldfield Sara F. , Martínez Salas Esteban Manuel 
Published: August 2022

Societal Impact StatementMexico's extraordinary tree diversity is threatened by the increasing demand for resources because of the tenfold population growth in the last century. The conservation status of trees and both urban and rural livelihoods are also negatively affected by agriculture, mining and tourism. Nearly 60% of the Mexican endemic and near endemic tree species whose conservation status we have assessed for the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature are threatened, almost double the percentage of threatened trees worldwide. If no measures are taken to protect this tree diversity properly, these resources will be forever lost for human sustainability.SummaryMexico is floristically the fourth most species‐rich country in the world. Currently, 3620 native tree species are reported from this country. Mexico has been a forerunner at global level in recognising the need for plant conservation, yet this is in stark contrast with governmental programmes and actions, past and present that negatively affect(ed) immense areas of primary vegetation. In the framework of the Global Tree Assessment, to date, we have assessed the conservation status of nearly 1500 Mexican endemic and near endemic tree species for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, the distribution data of which we use here for a first meta‐analysis of conservation statuses and spatial distribution patterns in a newly delimited area we call Natural Mexico.Our database consists of 112,416 taxonomically and geographically very carefully curated distribution points of 1474 tree species endemic to Mexico and adjacent areas, belonging to 98 flowering plant families. The extensive curation methodology we consider essential for both research and conservation purposes is emphasised.Nearly 60% of the assessed tree species are threatened, almost double the percentage of threatened arborescent species at global level. Tropical rainforests and cloud forests house the highest proportions of threatened trees.These assessments have an extensive impact, as they not only are the starting point of urgent species conservation actions but also allow for comprehensive studies including extinction risk estimation, gap analyses for conservation planning and species reintroductions, all this in a framework of land use change, climate change and landscape composition and configuration.
5G meets satellite: Non‐terrestrial network architecture and 3GPP
Authors: Masini Gino , Reininger Philippe , El Jaafari Mohamed , Vesely Alexander , Chuberre Nicolas , Baudry Benjamin , Houssin Jean‐Michel 
Published: August 2022

SummaryWith 3GPP Release‐17, global 5G standards now support non‐terrestrial mobile networks comprising radio access network, terminals, and core network. This enables multi‐vendor interoperability as well as interoperability with 3GPP‐compliant 5G systems. This paper describes the key features enabling the NG‐RAN architecture defined for 5G to support non‐terrestrial networks. Starting from a general overview of NG‐RAN and of the new paradigms of NTN, we introduce the NTN functionality in NG‐RAN specifications with respect to feeder link switchover, cell handling, terminal registration, and OAM aspects. We also discuss different scenarios combining satellite access with 3GPP‐defined core networks. We also describe some further enhancements expected to be seen in the next 3GPP release (Rel‐18). We believe current and upcoming 3GPP work for NTN represents a solid basis on which 5G satellite networks can be built in the upcoming future.