bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared risk factors for COVID‐19 and preeclampsia in the first trimester: An observational study
Authors: Serrano Berta , Mendoza Manel , Garcia‐Aguilar Paula , Bonacina Erika , Garcia‐Ruiz Itziar , Garcia‐Manau Pablo , Gil Judit , Armengol‐Alsina Mireia , Fernandez‐Hidalgo Nuria , Sulleiro Elena , Lopez‐Martinez Rosa Maria , Ricart Marta , Martin Lourdes , Lopez‐Quesada Eva , Vives Angels , Maroto Anna , Maiz Nerea , Suy Anna , Carreras Elena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe association between preeclampsia and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is under study. Previous publications have hypothesized the existence of shared risk factors for both conditions or a deficient trophoblastic invasion as possible explanations for this association. The primary aim of this study was to examine baseline risk factors measured in the first‐trimester combined screening for preeclampsia in pregnant women with COVID‐19 compared with the general population. A secondary aim of this study was to compare risk factors among patients with mild and severe COVID‐19.Material and MethodsThis was an observational retrospective study conducted at Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus (Catalonia, Spain). Study patients were 231 pregnant women undergoing the first‐trimester screening for preeclampsia and positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 between February 2020 and September 2021. The reference cohort were 13 033 women of the general population from six centers across Catalonia from May 2019 to June 2021. Based on the need for hospitalization, patients were classified in two groups: mild and severe COVID‐19. First‐trimester screening for preeclampsia included maternal history, mean arterial blood pressure, mean uterine artery pulsatility index (UtAPI), placental growth factor (PlGF), and pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A).ResultsThe proportion of cases at high risk for preeclampsia was significantly higher among the COVID‐19 group compared with the general population (19.0% and 13.2%, respectively; p = 0.012). When analyzing risk factors for preeclampsia individually, women with COVID‐19 had higher median body mass index (25.2 vs 24.5, p = 0.041), higher UtAPI multiple of the median (MoM) (1.08 vs 1.00, p < 0.001), higher incidence of chronic hypertension (2.8% vs 0.9%, p = 0.015), and there were fewer smokers (5.7% vs 11.6%, p = 0.007). The MoMs of PlGF and PAPP‐A did not differ significantly between both groups (0.96 vs 0.97, p = 0.760 and 1.00 vs 1.01, p = 0.432; respectively).ConclusionsIn patients with COVID‐19, there was a higher proportion of women at high risk for preeclampsia at the first‐trimester screening than in the general population, mainly because of maternal risk factors, rather than placental signs of a deficient trophoblastic invasion.
Enhancing students' well‐being with a unified approach based on contextual behavioural science: A randomised experimental school‐based intervention
Authors: Macías Juanjo , Schlosser Károly K. , Bond Frank W. , Blanca María J. , Valero‐Aguayo Luis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA new generation of interventions has begun to move towards principles of acceptance that deal with the context and function of psychological events. The aim of this paper is to analyse the effectiveness of a brief contextual behavioural intervention to improve the psychological well‐being of secondary school students. This intervention represents a unified model with key processes based on contextual behavioural science, including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP). We conducted an intervention with 94 students (age range 17–19 years), randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 50) or control group (n = 44). Participants took a pretest and post‐test of distress, life satisfaction, psychological flexibility and mindfulness. The intervention consisted of three sessions of 1 h each. The results showed significant differences between the groups in distress and significant differences for the interaction (group × pre–post) in all the other variables. The intervention had greater benefits for girls than for boys. These results may provide a breakthrough, thus leading to a process of evidence‐based therapies, which would be responsible for inducing psychological improvements in brief periods, in a population with an increasing risk of distress.
The efficacy and safety of keverprazan, a novel potassium‐competitive acid blocker, in treating erosive oesophagitis: a phase III, randomised, double‐blind multicentre study
Authors: Chen Songfeng , Liu Deliang , Chen Honghui , Liao Aijun , Li Fangfang , Liu Chengxia , Li Xing , Li Shengbao , Zhang Yan , Wang Yang , Xia Min , Guo Qinghong , Miao Xinpu , Wen Zhili , Xu Min , Yin Hekun , Chen Huixin , Chen Minhu , Xiao Yinglian 
Published: May 2022

SummaryBackgroundKeverprazan is a novel potassium‐competitive acid blocker (P‐CAB) with a strong acid‐suppressive capacity that may provide clinical benefit in acid‐related diseases.AimsThis study aimed to explore the non‐inferior efficacy and safety of keverprazan to lansoprazole in treating erosive oesophagitis (EO).MethodsThis was a phase III, randomised, double‐blind multicentre study. Patients were randomised to receive keverprazan 20 mg once daily or lansoprazole 30 mg once daily for 4–8 weeks. EO healing rates and adverse events (AEs) were compared between the keverprazan group and the lansoprazole group.ResultsA total of 238 patients comprised the full analysis set (FAS) while 221 patients comprised the per‐protocol set (PPS). For FAS analysis, the EO healing rates at week 8 were 95.8% (114/119) and 89.9% (107/119) for keverprazan and lansoprazole respectively. For PPS analysis, the EO healing rates at week 8 were 99.1% (110/111) and 92.7% (102/110) for keverprazan and lansoprazole respectively. Non‐inferiority of keverprazan compared with lansoprazole according to EO healing rates at 8 weeks was demonstrated in both FAS (difference: 5.8% [95% CI: −0.6% to 12.3%]; p = 0.081) and PPS (difference: 6.1% [95% CI: 1.1%–11.2%]; p = 0.018) analysis. Drug‐related AEs were reported in 34.5% (41/119) patients of the keverprazan group and 25.2% (30/119) patients of the lansoprazole group with no significant difference (p = 0.156). No severe AE happened in the keverprazan group.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the non‐inferior efficacy of keverprazan to lansoprazole in treating EO. The incidences of drug‐related AEs were comparable between keverprazan and lansoprazole.
Decolonising spaces of geographical knowledge production: ‘Thinking geographically’ with undergraduate geographers in the RGS‐IBG at Kensington Gore
Authors: Jazeel Tariq , Mackay Anson , Evans Sarah L. , Souch Catherine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis commentary is a response to the Area commentary by Mark Griffiths and Kate Baker, which draws focus on the problematic prominence of colonial material histories at the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG)'s Lowther Lodge site. We outline an undergraduate field trip – run collaboratively by University College London (UCL) and the RGS‐IBG since 2018 – for first‐year UCL geography students that aims to make them both aware of geography's problematic colonial histories, and party to the ways the discipline is changing and critically engaging with its past. Positioned at the intersections of teaching and research, we highlight this field trip because we believe it stands as an example of precisely the kind of decolonial engagement with the RGS‐IBG for which Griffiths and Baker call.
Loss of smell in patients with aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease impacts mental health and quality of life
Authors: Tchekmedyian Raffi , Lundberg Marie , Buchheit Kathleen M. , Maurer Rie , Gakpo Deborah , Mullur Jyotsna , Bensko Jillian C. , Laidlaw Tanya M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of anosmia on quality‐of‐life (QoL) for patients with aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate how the severity of smell loss and olfactory dysfunction (OD) in patients with AERD affects their QoL, mental health and physical well‐being.MethodsFive validated QoL questionnaires (Sinonasal Outcome Test‐22, Asthma Control Test, Healthy Days Core Module‐4, Short Form‐36 and Patient Health Questionnaire‐4) and two newly developed questionnaires assessing severity and consequences of OD were electronically sent to all 2913 patients in the Brigham and Women's Hospital AERD registry. Responses were received from 853 participants for analysis.ResultsOverall, 85% of participants reported a present diminished sense of smell and/or taste, and 30% categorized their OD severity was, “as bad as it can be.” There were significant relationships between the severity of self‐reported OD and both psychological distress and general health scores, even after adjusting for asthma control. Additionally, incidence rates for physically and mentally unhealthy days in the prior month were higher for patients with moderate or severe OD than for normosmic patients. Patients with diminished smell responded that they could not identify spoiled food (86%), did not enjoy food (71%), felt unsafe (63%) and had encountered dangerous situations (51%) as consequences of their OD.ConclusionsAnosmia and hyposmia severely impact the physical, emotional and mental health of AERD patients, and lead to safety concerns in their daily lives. The importance of olfaction and the relevance of OD to patients’ QoL should be acknowledged and evaluated by clinicians caring for these patients.
The use of bubble wrap to simulate vesicle sampling for direct fluorescence assay
Authors: AlJasser Mohammed I. , Hakami Alanoud 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProper sampling from vesicles or bullae is important in order to reach the correct diagnosis and avoid false negative results. We demonstrate the use of bubble wrap to teach direct fluorescence assay for the diagnosis of herpes simplex virus or varicella zoster virus infections.
Clinical evaluation of the buccal aspect around immediate implant using dual zone therapeutic concept versus buccal gap fill to bone level: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Wanis Remon Wahid , Hosny Manal Mohamed , ElNahass Hani 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveSoft tissue esthetics for immediate implant is considered challenging when restoring a tooth in an esthetic zone. This study aimed to evaluate the buccal aspect after immediate implant using the dual‐zone therapeutic concept compared to grafting the buccal gap to the bone crest.Materials and methodsTwenty‐four patients were randomly assigned into either immediate implant with the dual‐zone therapeutic concept (DZ, test group) or with bone grafting till buccal bone crest with immediate temporization (BCG, control group). Pink esthetic score (PES), buccal bone loss (BBL), mid‐facial recession (MFR), soft tissue thickness (STT), keratinized tissue width (KTW), post‐operative swelling (POS), and patient satisfaction (PS) were evaluated for 1 year.ResultsAt 12 months the PES in the test group was 11.36 ± 1.69, and 10.80 ± 1.55 in the control group, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.45). MFR in the DZ and BCG groups was 0.27 ± 0.34 and 0.45 ± 0.44 after 12 months with no statistical significance difference (p = 0.195). The STT assessment showed a statistically significant increase in both groups, however the intergroup comparison was statistically not significant (p = 0.23). The mean KTW in the DZ and BCG groups was 4.55 ± 1.08 and 4.20 ± 0.82 mm, respectively with no statistical significance (p = 0.42). There was no statistical significant difference in patient satisfaction between the two groups except in question number 10 concerning the post‐operative swelling which was higher in the DZ group (p = 0.009).ConclusionsBoth treatment modalities are considered reliable methods to achieve good soft tissue esthetics. However, both treatment modalities were not effective in preventing facial bone resorption despite the use of bone graft.
Management of inguinal lymph node metastases from rectal and anal canal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sato Harunobu , Maeda Kotaro , Kinugasa Yusuke , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Tsukamoto Shunsuke , Takahashi Keiichi , Nozawa Hiroaki , Takii Yasumasa , Konishi Tsuyoshi , Akagi Yoshito , Suto Takeshi , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Ozawa Heita , Komori Koji , Ohue Masayuki , Hiro Junichiro , Shinji Seiichi , Minami Kazuhito , Shimizu Tomoharu , Sakamoto Kazuhiro , Uehara Kay , Takahashi Hiroshi , Sugihara Kenichi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimThe surgical treatment of inguinal lymph node (ILN) metastases secondary to anorectal adenocarcinoma remains controversial. This study aimed to clarify the surgical treatment and management of ILN metastasis according to its classification.MethodsThis retrospective, multi‐centre, observational study included patients with synchronous or metachronous ILN metastases who were diagnosed with rectal or anal canal adenocarcinoma between January 1997 and December 2011. Treatment outcomes were analysed according to recurrence and prognosis.ResultsAmong 1181 consecutively enrolled patients who received treatment for rectal or anal canal adenocarcinoma at 20 referral hospitals, 76 (6.4%) and 65 (5.5%) had synchronous and metachronous ILN metastases, respectively. Among 141 patients with ILN metastasis, differentiated carcinoma, solitary ILN metastasis and ILN dissection were identified as independent predictive factors associated with a favourable prognosis. No significant difference was found in the frequency of recurrence after ILN dissection between patients with synchronous (80.6%) or metachronous (81.0%) ILN metastases. Patients who underwent R0 resection of the primary tumour and ILN dissection had a 5‐year survival rate of 41.3% after ILN dissection (34.1% and 53.1% for patients with synchronous and metachronous ILN metastases, respectively, P = 0.55).ConclusionThe ILN can be appropriately classified as a regional lymph node in rectal and anal canal adenocarcinoma. Moreover, aggressive ILN dissection might be effective in improving the prognosis of low rectal and anal canal adenocarcinoma with ILN metastases; thus, prophylactic ILN dissection is unnecessary.
Traditional knowledge and practices, sacred spaces and protected areas, technological progress: Their success in conserving biodiversity
Authors: Parween Rana , Marchant Rob 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile the loss of species is a well‐known phenomenon drawing much attention, the loss of traditional ecological knowledge is more insidious and goes unnoticed. India, a mega‐biodiverse country, is home to many indigenous communities known for their historical conservation strategies entwined in traditional beliefs. Using focus groups, questionnaire surveys, in‐depth interviews, and in‐class test, this study explores the differences in knowledge and attitudes towards conserving biodiversity amongst four stakeholder groups living around two national parks in the state of Uttarakhand. Forest officers highlight lack of documentation of traditional practices and its coverage in school curricula. School children's test results show lowest scores in biodiversity amongst all science subjects. Village elders' responses show alienation, with some having to change their traditional means of livelihood due to environmental degradation. General public showed interest, awareness and admiration for ancestral ways of living in co‐existence with nature. Along with its ethical, cultural and societal dimensions, biodiversity plays a critical role in sustaining ecosystems and supporting livelihoods. In times of environmental uncertainty when the experiences of the living past may not be directly applicable, its recognition as a tried and tested inventory could be a beneficial resource that needs capturing before it is lost forever.
PF‐07321332 (Nirmatrelvir) does not interact with human ENT1 or ENT2: Implications for COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Hau Raymond K. , Wright Stephen H. , Cherrington Nathan J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and subsequently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), has led to the deaths of over 6.1 million people and sparked a greater interest in virology to expedite the development process for antivirals. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted emergency use authorization for three antivirals: remdesivir, molnupiravir, and nirmatrelvir. Remdesivir and molnupiravir are nucleoside analogs that undergo biotransformation to form active metabolites that incorporate into new viral RNA to stall replication. Unlike remdesivir or molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir is a protease inhibitor that covalently binds to the SARS‐CoV‐2 3C‐like protease to interrupt the viral replication cycle. A recent study identified that remdesivir and the active metabolite of molnupiravir, EIDD‐1931, are substrates of equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1 and 2 (ENT1 and 2). Despite the ubiquitous expression of the ENTs, the preclinical efficacy of remdesivir and molnupiravir is not reflected in wide‐scale SARS‐CoV‐2 clinical trials. Interestingly, downregulation of ENT1 and ENT2 expression has been shown in lung epithelial and endothelial cells in response to hypoxia and acute lung injury, although it has not been directly studied in patients with COVID‐19. It is possible that the poor efficacy of remdesivir and molnupiravir in these patients may be partially attributed to the repression of ENTs in the lungs, but further studies are warranted. This study investigated the interaction between nirmatrelvir and the ENTs and found that it was a poor inhibitor of ENT‐mediated [3H]uridine uptake at 300 μM. Unlike for remdesivir or EIDD‐1931, ENT activity is unlikely to be a factor for nirmatrelvir disposition in humans; however, whether this contributes to the similar in vitro and clinical efficacy will require further mechanistic studies.
Type 2 diabetes medication and HbA1c levels in North Karelia Finland, 2013–2019
Authors: Wikström Katja , Lamidi Marja‐Leena , Rautiainen Päivi , Tirkkonen Hilkka , Laatikainen Tiina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsTo analyse the prevalence of prescribed medications among people with type 2 diabetes, their relationship to HbA1c levels and transitions between medications.MethodsThe data included all 18‐ to 85‐year‐old adults with type 2 diabetes (identified from the electronic health records), who lived in North Karelia, Finland, between 2013 and 2019. Type 2 diabetes medication was defined based on prescriptions. Logistic and linear regressions with generalized estimating equations were used to assess the differences between years.ResultsMetformin as a monotherapy was the most used medication (33%–35%) with the largest percentage of those in good glycaemic control. After metformin, the most used medications were long‐acting and short‐acting insulin and gliptin (16%–24% per group). In insulin groups, there were the smallest percentage of people in good glycaemic control. The use of SGLT2‐i increased most during the follow‐up (from 1.6% to 11%), but at the same time the percentage of those meeting the target HbA1c level decreased the most (from 83% to 53%). The use of GLP‐1 RA and other medications were under 3.5%. SGLT2‐i and insulin were the most stable medication groups. The most common transitions were from SGLT2‐i to long‐acting insulin and between insulin groups.ConclusionsThe sequencing of prescribing additional type 2 diabetes medication or replacing current medication with new ones seems to occur according to guidelines. However, more attention should be paid to the intensification of treatment and the possibilities for new treatment choices in the management of T2D taking into account the persons’ characteristics.
First report of Podosphaera mors‐uvae causing powdery mildew on Ribes fasciculatum var. chinense in Korea
Authors: Choi In‐Young , Abasova Lamiya , Park Ji‐Hyun , Shin Hyeon‐Dong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn July 2017, hundreds of Ribes fasciculatum var. chinense plants were found infected with powdery mildew for the first time in Korea. Further field surveys resulted in collecting anamorphs and teleomorphs of the powdery mildew at three additional locations in Korea. Morphological characterization of the holomorph and molecular sequence analyses of the ITS regions and 28S rDNA gene confirmed the identification of this fungus as Podosphaera mors‐uvae, which is already known for a long time on Ribes spp. in Europe and North America. Previous records of P. mors‐uvae on Ribes grossularia in Japan and China are also discussed. This is the first report of P. mors‐uvae from Korea.
Resolution of platelet count interference due to cytoplasmic fragments of leukaemic cells by flow cytometry in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Lam Wing Kit , Law Yim Fong Winnie , Yip Sze Fai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet count interference could lead to problems in clinical decisions especially in the cases of thrombocytopenia. Here we report a case of platelet count interference in Beckman Coulter DxH800 haematology analyser due to cytoplasmic fragments of leukaemic cells in acute myeloid leukaemia. A 19‐year‐old female patient presented to the emergency department with bruises and anaemic symptoms. A machine platelet count (by impedance method) was 40 × 109/L. There was a flag on platelet count interference by debris. Peripheral blood smear showed some bluish cytoplasmic fragments are seen mimicking platelets.MethodImmunological platelet counting by flow cytometry using fluorochrome‐labeled antibodies against platelet markers CD41 and CD61 was attempted by adopting and modifying from the ICSH reference method for platelet counting. Events with low forward scatter and positive CD41 and/or CD61 expression were identified as platelets, and events with high forward scatter and negative CD41 and CD61 expression were identified as red cells.ResultsThe platelet count was derived from the formula: Platelet count = RBC count (Haematology analyser) × PLT event (flow cytometry)/RBC events (flow cytometry). The immunological platelet count was determined to be 2 × 109/L, which is much lower than the original machine count and platelet transfusion was warranted.