bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the reconstruction of medial support important for revision following failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fractures? A retrospective comparative study
Authors: QI Lin , ZHANG Wei , CHANG Zuhao , ZUO Zhaoxia , Li Jiaqi , LI Jiantao , CHEN Hua , Tang Peifu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Hip-preserving revision in patients with failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fracture is still a major challenge. Whether the medial support reconstruction could benefit the patients and improve the success rate of hip-preserving revision is still controversial. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance and prognosis of medial support reconstruction during the hip-preserving revision of failed femoral trochanteric fracture treatment.
Methods
Patients with failed femoral trochanteric fractures treatments addressed by hip-preserving revision at our hospital from January 2014 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. 31 patients were included and divided into a medial support group (n = 16) and a non-medial support group (n = 15). The Oxford Hip Score (OHS) was the primary measurement. In addition, the differences in quality of life, fracture healing, surgical trauma, and complications were also evaluated.
Results
The OHS (42.06 ± 4.12 vs. 30.93 ± 11.56, M ± SD), the mental component score of the 12-item Short-Form Survey (SF-12) (54.48 ± 5.38 vs. 47.90 ± 3.47, M ± SD), the fracture healing rate (100%, 16/16 vs. 66.67%, 10/15), and the fracture healing time [4 (3,5) vs. 6 (3.75,6) months, M (Q1, Q3)] were significantly better and the incidence of complications [0(0/16) vs. 40%(6/15)] was significantly lower in the medial support group than the non-medial support group (p < 0.05). No significant differences in the physical component score of the SF-12, surgical trauma and reduction in collodiaphyseal angle of affected femur were observed between groups.
Conclusions
The reconstruction of medial support seems important for revision following failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fractures. Due to the medial augmentation and improvement of the mechanical stability for proximal femur, the patients might benefit from functional and fracture healing prognosis.
Effect of chitooligosaccharides with a specific degree of polymerization on multiple targets in T2DM mice
Authors: you Jiangshan , Zhao Mengyao , Chen Shumin , Jiang Lihua , Gao Shuhong , Yin Hao , zhao liming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are found naturally in the ocean and present a variety of physiological activities, of which hypoglycemic action has attracted considerable research attention. The goal of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of COS on mice suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). COS effectively reduced blood glucose and blood lipid levels and improved glucose tolerance. Furthermore, COS revealed strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, reducing postprandial blood glucose levels. Molecular docking data showed that COS might interact with surrounding amino acids to form a complex, decreasing α-glucosidase activity. Additionally, COS enhanced insulin signal transduction and glycogen synthesis while restricting gluconeogenesis in the liver and muscles, reducing insulin resistance (IR) as a result. Moreover, COS effectively protected and restored islet cell function to increase insulin secretion. These results indicated that COS exhibited a significant hypoglycemic effect with multi-target participation. COS might serve as a new preventive or therapeutic drug for diabetes to alleviate metabolic syndrome.
On additive manufacturing of reinforced thin metal plates
Authors: Patterson Eann A , Lambros John , Magana-Carranza Rodrigo , Sutcliffe Christopher J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a powerful technique for producing metallic components with complex geometry relatively quickly, cheaply and directly from digital representations; however, residual stresses induced during manufacturing can result in distortions of components and reductions in mechanical performance, especially in parts that lack rotational symmetry and, or have cross-sections with large aspect ratios. Geometrically-reinforced thin plates have been built using laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and their shapes measured using stereoscopic digital image correlation before and after release from the base-plate of the AM machine. The results show that residual stresses cause potentially severe out-of-plane deformation that can be alleviated using either an enveloping support structure, which increased the build time substantially, was difficult to remove and wasted material, or using buttress supports to the reinforced edges of the thin plate. The buttresses were quick to build and remove, minimised waste but needed careful design. Plates built in a landscape orientation required out-of-plane buttresses while those built in a portrait orientation required both in-plane and out-of-plane buttresses. In both cases, out-of-plane deformation increased on release from the baseplate but this was mitigated by incremental release which resulted in out-of-plane deformations of less than 5% of the in-plane dimensions.
Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Lo Chien-Ming , Lu Hung-I , Wang Yu-Ming , Chen Yen-Hao , Chen Yu , Chen Li-Chun , Li Shau-Hsuan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Esophagectomy after chemoradiotherapy is associated with an increased risk of surgical complications. The significance of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in predicting pulmonary complications after esophagectomy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in predicting the pulmonary complications of esophagectomy after preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 111 consecutive patients with stage III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by esophagectomy between January 2009 and December 2017. Laboratory data were collected before the operation and surgical outcomes and complications were recorded. We calculated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and correlated them with the clinical parameters, postoperative complications, overall survival, and disease-free survival.Results: Postoperative complications were observed in 75 (68%) patients, including 32 (29%) with pulmonary complications. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of ≥3 (P = 0.008), clinical T4 carcinoma (P = 0.007), and advanced stage IIIC (P = 0.012) were significantly associated with pulmonary complications. Pulmonary complication rates were 15% and 38% in patients with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of <3 and ≥3, respectively. The 3-year overall survival rates were 70% and 34% in patients with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of <3 and ≥3, respectively (P = 0.0026). The 3-year disease-free survival rates were 57% and 29% in patients with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of <3 and ≥3, respectively (P = 0.0055). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of ≥3 was independently associated with more pulmonary complications, inferior overall survival, and worse disease-free survival.Conclusions: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is routinely available in clinical practice and can be used as a predictor for pulmonary complications after esophagectomy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy.
Identification of Potential Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Human Carotid Atherosclerosis
Authors: Cai Qiujing , Zhao Xiaolei , Li Yanqi , Wang Chenglong , Zhang Xinmin , Huang Lisha , Hu Aihua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) is a common chronic vascular inflammatory disease and one of the main causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs). Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) may play a crucial part in pathophysiological processes of CAS. However, the expression profile of FRGs have rarely been adopted to explore the relationship between ferroptosis and CAS. Objects: Therefore, using the expression profile of FRGs to explore the relationship between ferroptosis and CAS may provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Methods: The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the GSE432192 dataset were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Ferroptosis-related-genes (FRGs) were identified by downloading data from the FerrDb database. The GSE432192 dataset contains 32 carotid atheroma plaque samples and 32 macroscopically intact carotid tissue samples adjacent to the atheroma plaque. The differentially expressed FRGs (DE-FRGs) of the GSE432192 dataset were screened and analyzed by gene ontology analysis (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis (KEGG), protein-protein interaction network (PPI), and were chosen to explore related miRNAs. Results: The GSE432192 dataset had a total of 41 DE-FRGs. The GO analysis results revealed that DE-FRGs were mainly enriched in response to oxidative stress, oxidoreductase activity acting on NAD(P)H, and apical part of cell. KEGG analysis results showed that DE-FRGs were mainly enriched in ferroptosis and chemical carcinogenesis – reactive oxygen species relating pathways. Expressions of top 5 hub genes, as HIF1A, HMOX1, TFRC, CYBB, EGFR, were regarded as focus in the PPI regulatory networks. Conclusions: In this study, Ferroptosis and FRGs may play a vital role in regulating the pathophysiology of CAS.
Analysis of the relationship of the serum vitamin D level with infertility and associated factors
Authors: Li Jiaheng , Li Yijiang , Du Mingze , Hou Xuan , Ji Menglu , Yang Bo , Zhang Yuchao , Guan Yichun , Wang Xingling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: The aims of this study were to study the distribution of the serum VD levels among infertile people and to analyze the relationships between VD levels and the basic conditions of infertile patients, as well as laboratory indicators.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 12,261 infertile patients who were treated with ART for the first time in the Reproductive Medicine Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2016 to December 2018. According to the serum 25(OH)D level, the patients were divided into the following two groups: the VD deficiency group (25(OH)D≤50 nmol/l) and VD nondeficiency group (25(OH)D>50 nmol/l). Results: Regression analysis showed that VD levels were not affected by BMI, PCOS, the blood type, family history or endometriosis (P>0.05). Advanced female age (>35 years) was a protective factor against VD deficiency; women under 35 years of age were more likely to develop VD deficiency than those over 35 years of age (P<0.05). The season of VD determination affected its level; the levels of VD in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in winter and spring (P<0.05).They were obviously higher in spring than in winter (P<0.05). Insulin resistance affected VD levels; patients with insulin resistance were more prone to VD deficiency than those without insulin resistance (P<0.05). Conclusions: VD deficiency exists among infertile patients. The level of VD is affected by the woman's age, the season of determination and insulin resistance. BMI, PCOS, blood type, family history and endometriosis have no influence on vitamin D levels.
COVID-19 the Gateway for Future learning: The Impact of Online Teaching on the Future Learning Environment
Authors: alharbi badr A. , Ibrahem Usama M. , Moussa Mahmoud A. , Abdelwahab Shimaa M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 has changed the shape of education. These changes may be undone once universities return, and not all of them are reforms. Yet, some of these changes offer unique opportunities matching pre-COVID-19 proposals.This study’s purposes are to study staff members' perceptions of online teaching during COVID-19 and identify the drivers of change in the future learning environment. The study community represents faculty staff in Saudi universities. The sample consisted of 127 faculty staff in 9 Saudi universities. Participants had positive perceptions of the usage of e-learning platforms during COVID-19, according to data analysis (though negative experiences existed). Future research must focus on the subtle challenges of aligning theoretical and methodological designs to appropriately analyze the phenomenon under inquiry while contributing to a well-executed body of research in the field of educational technology. Future research is needed to see how lecturers view ICT trading post-COVID-19 strategies.Originality/valueThis research is unique in that it entails cloud computing applications in future education, as well as remote/distance learning, which have not before been investigated in the literature.
Deep learning model for analyzing the relationship between mandibular third molar and inferior alveolar nerve in panoramic radiography
Authors: Sukegawa Shintaro , Tanaka Futa , Hara Takeshi , Yoshii Kazumasa , Yamashita Katsusuke , Nakano Keisuke , Takabatake Kiyofumi , Kawai Hotaka , Nagatsuka Hitoshi , Furuki Yoshihiko 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, the accuracy of the positional relationship of the contact between the inferior alveolar canal and mandibular third molar was evaluated using deep learning. In contact analysis, we investigated the diagnostic performance of the presence or absence of contact between the mandibular third molar and inferior alveolar canal. We also evaluated the diagnostic performance of bone continuity diagnosed based on computed tomography (CT) as a continuity analysis. A dataset of 1279 images of mandibular third molars from digital radiographs taken at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at a general hospital (2014-2021) was used for the validation. The deep learning models were ResNet50 and ResNet50v2, with stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) as optimizers. The performance metrics were accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, F1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The results demonstrated that ResNet50v2 using the optimizer SAM performed excellently in the contact and continuity analyses. The accuracy and AUC were 0.860, 0.890 for the contact analyses and 0.766, 0.843 for the continuity analyses. In contact analysis, SAM and the deep learning model performed effectively. However, in the continuity analysis, none of the deep learning models demonstrated significant classification performance.
Contextual and community factors associated with daily exclusive ENDS use and dual use with tobacco cigarettes among adolescent vapers: an ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Abadi Melissa H. , Shamblen Stephen R. , Thompson Kirsten , Lipperman-Kreda Sharon , Grube Joel , Richard Bonnie O. , Aramburu Camila 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Adolescents who dual use ENDS with tobacco cigarettes are more likely to have an increased risk of developing dependence. Yet, little is understood about the factors driving dual use among adolescents. The current study sought to reveal the day-to-day contextual and community factors associated with adolescents’ use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), and how these factors predict dual use with tobacco cigarettes.
Methods
We collected ecological momentary assessments (EMA) from a sample of 50 adolescent past two-week vapers (ages 14–17 years old) over 14 days. Daily EMA data were collected on ENDS and tobacco cigarette use, as well as a range of contextual (i.e., motivations to vape, location of vaping, who with when vaping) and community factors (i.e., exposure to peers vaping, to adults vaping, to ENDS advertising, to ENDS warning messages). Our primary analyses were multilevel regressions, accounting for daily observations nested within individuals (N = 700 observations).
Results
Participants used ENDS exclusively on 44% of days and dual used ENDS and tobacco cigarettes on 8% of the days. Dual use days (versus exclusive ENDS use days) were associated with vaping because tobacco use was prohibited (OR = 34.65, p < .05). Also, dual use days (versus no use days) were associated with greater exposure to adults vaping (OR = 5.59, p < .05), peers vaping (OR = 7.48, p < .05), and (c) ENDS advertisements or promotions (OR = 2.12, p < .01), whereas exclusive use days (versus no use days) were only associated with greater exposure to peers vaping (OR = 2.58, p < .01).
Conclusions
Results showed that exposure to peers and adults vaping and exposure to ENDS marketing were associated with same day dual use behaviors. And, that adolescents who dual used were motivated to use ENDS because they were easy to conceal. Findings support stricter regulation of ENDS marketing and for smoke-free air laws that include ENDS. In addition, these findings support prioritizing family- and school-based prevention programming that effectively communicates risk associated with ENDS use, including heightened risk of dual use and dependence. Such efforts can reduce the number of adolescents who use ENDS as well as the number who transition to tobacco cigarette use.
Environmental DNA assay for the detection of the American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) at the early stages of the invasion in the Ebre Delta
Authors: Sanz Nuria , Franch Nati , Araguas Rosa Maria , Viñas Jordi , Vidal Oriol 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) is considered one of the most harmful invasive species. In the Iberian Peninsula, this species had been cited occasionally until the year 2018, when L. catesbeianus appeared in the Ebre Delta, and for the first time, it seemed to breed in a territory of the Peninsula. We used the methodology based on environmental DNA analysis (eDNA), to monitor the American bullfrog invasion in the Ebre Delta along two consecutive years (22019 − 2020). No specimens were observed in 2019, and results for the eDNA survey also failed to detect this species in the Delta. In 2020, two individuals were captured and eDNA analyses detected the presence of the American bullfrog in several locations. Under the most conservative criteria to constrain the number of positive detections, American bullfrog presence was confirmed in at least five locations. Based on our experience, we also aimed to explain how to face the potential errors and challenges of the eDNA method. Our eDNA assay yielded a higher sensitivity with lower sampling effort than traditional methods. Findings of this study suggest that attempts of American bullfrog introduction could be taking place in Ebre Delta. Despite the species does not appear to be well established yet, very few bullfrog individuals could be enough for the establishment of this species in suitable habitats. In this context, eDNA assays are essential tools to facilitate detection, control and eradication of this species at the first stage of the invasion process.
The Effect of Shunt Surgery on Corticospinal Excitability in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus – a Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study
Authors: Sirkka Jani , Säisänen Laura , Julkunen Petro , Könönen Mervi , Kallioniemi Elisa , Leinonen Ville , Danner Nils 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a neurodegenerative disease presenting with a classical symptom triad of cognitive decline, gait disturbance and urinary incontinence. The symptoms can be alleviated with shunt surgery but the etiology of the symptoms remains unclear. Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) was applied to characterize corticospinal excitability and cortical motor function before and after shunt surgery in order to elucidate the pathophysiology of iNPH. We also aimed to determine, whether nTMS could be applied as a predictive tool in the pre-surgical work-up of iNPH.Methods: 24 patients with possible or probable iNPH were evaluated at baseline, after cerebrospinal fluid drainage test (TAP test) and three months after shunt surgery (follow-up). Symptom severity was evaluated on an iNPH scale and with clinical tests (walking test, Box & Block test, grooved pegboard). In the nTMS experiments, resting motor threshold (RMT), silent period (SP), input-output curve (IO-curve), repetition suppression (RS) and mapping of cortical representation areas of hand and foot muscles were assessed. Results: At three months follow-up, all patients showed improved performance. Concurrently, RMTs (hand and foot) increased and the slope of the IO-curve showed alterations. The improvement in gait correlated with an increase in the IO-curve. SP, RS and mapping remained unchanged.Conclusion: Shunt surgery alters corticospinal excitability in iNPH patients. A favorable clinical outcome of shunt surgery seems to be associated with the ability of the motor cortex and the corticospinal tracts to re-form and maintain neuronal connectivity.
Multi-observer approach for robust tracking control of flexible spacecraft on SE(3)
Authors: Cao Qian , Li Huayi , Jia Qingxian , Ma Chen , Zhang Yingchun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Robust control of attitude-orbit tracking system for flexible spacecraft is addressed using state and nonlinear disturbance observer-based control technique. A relative attitude-orbit-structure integrated dynamics model is derived for flexible spacecraft tracking maneuver, where environmental disturbances and parameter uncertainty are considered as lumped disturbance term. The relative position and attitude of the two spacecraft are described by the exponential coordinates on SE(3). A composite control technique is proposed for robust attitudeorbit tracking of a flexible spacecraft about a spacecraft under lumped disturbance by combining a state observer of modal parameter and nonlinear disturbance observer with an asymptotic tracking control. The vibration mode information and the lumped disturbance are estimated and compensated by the modal observer and the nonlinear disturbance observer respectively in the feedback link. Moreover, the stability of the composed control approach consisting of the asymptotic tracking control and multi-observer observer is guaranteed through Lyapunov method. The simulation results validate the composite control technique can effectively enhance disturbance attenuation ability, robust dynamics performance and the desired relative attitude tracking accuracy of a flexible spacecraft with multiple disturbances and parameter uncertainty.Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) MSC 05E15 · 15A30
Hybrid Image Compression technique using Deep Learning model for enhanced reliability and data transmission
Authors: Rekha K Bhanu , S Safinaz 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Image compression is the way of data compression which could be applicable to digital form of images for the purpose of reducing the cost of storage or transmission and any algorithm would consider visual perception or statistical properties of an image to establish enhanced results. The compression techniques might be lossy or lossless type. The supreme image quality at a particular compression rate is the major aim of any image compression approach. In this current research, image compression is carried out with the support of hybrid Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and Random Forest (RF) approach. The proposed methodology is executed in python environment and the performance metrics is evaluated and outcomes attained are compared with existing research works to verify the effectiveness of suggested concept.