bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgically confirmed endometriosis in adolescents in Finland—A register‐based cross‐sectional cohort study
Authors: Rasp Elina , Saavalainen Liisu , But Anna , Gissler Mika , Härkki Päivi , Heikinheimo Oskari , Rönö Kristiina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionIncreasing awareness of endometriosis in adolescents requires data on the nature of the disease and its management. Our objective was to investigate the subtypes of surgically confirmed endometriosis in adolescents (aged <20 years) and trends in the incidence rates and endometriosis‐related procedures during the study period, 1987–2012.Material and MethodsIn this register‐based cohort study, we identified 526 adolescents receiving their initial surgical diagnosis of endometriosis between 1987 and 2012 from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register. The age‐specific incidence rate of surgically confirmed endometriosis was calculated by dividing the number of adolescents during specific periods by person‐years. We calculated the relative differences in incidence rates between the periods using crude incidence ratios.ResultsAdolescents were divided into three age groups, <17, 17–18, and 19 years, which comprised 8.2% (43/526), 39.7% (209/526), and 52.1% (274/526) of the study cohort, respectively. Peritoneal endometriosis and ovarian endometriosis were the most common types (379/526 [72%] and 119/526 [23%], respectively). The incidence rate of surgically confirmed endometriosis per 100 000 person‐years varied from 5.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.24–7.33) to 11.42 (95% CI 9.64–13.44). The incidence rate in 2001–2005 was significantly higher and was 1.6‐ to 2.0‐fold that of the periods 1987–1990 and 2006–2012, respectively. Comparing the periods in which International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9; 1987–1995) and Tenth Revision (ICD‐10; 1996–2012) codes were used, the use of laparoscopy (78.2% vs 88.9%), day surgery (10.3% vs 31.6%), and procedures for ovarian (18.8% vs 34.1%) and deep (0.6% vs 10.8%) endometriosis increased. The types of endometriosis and procedures did not differ between the age groups.ConclusionsPeritoneal endometriosis was the most common type of endometriosis overall and by age group. During the 26‐year period, the incidence rate of initial surgical diagnosis of endometriosis peaked in 2001–2005 and decreased thereafter. The proportion of procedures performed for ovarian and deep endometriosis increased, as did the use of laparoscopy and day surgery.
Whole‐exome sequencing uncovered genetic diagnosis of severe inherited haemolytic anaemia: Correlation with clinical phenotypes
Authors: Songdej Duantida , Kadegasem Praguywan , Tangbubpha Noppawan , Sasanakul Werasak , Deelertthaweesap Bhurichaya , Chuansumrit Ampaiwan , Sirachainan Nongnuch 
Published: July 2022

SummaryNext‐generation sequencing has shed light on the diagnosis of previously unsolved cases of inherited haemolytic anaemia (IHA). We employed whole‐exome sequencing to explore the molecular diagnostic spectrum of 21 unrelated Thai paediatric patients with non‐thalassemic IHA, presenting hydrops fetalis and/or becoming transfusion‐dependent for 1 year or more or throughout their lifespan. Anaemia was detected prenatally, within the first month and the fifth year of life in three, 12 and six patients respectively. Molecular diagnosis obtained from all patients revealed SPTB as the most frequently mutated gene (four reported, three novel), found in 31 of 42 studied alleles. The other two mutated genes identified were ANK1 (three novel) and KLF1 (two reported). Four recurring mutations within exon 29/30 (NM_001024858.2) accounted for the vast majority (90%) of mutated SPTB alleles, biallelic inheritance of which resulted in the most severe phenotypes: hydrops fetalis and life‐long transfusion dependency. Dominant ANK1 (n = 3) and SPTB (n = 2) mutations and biallelic class 2 KLF1 mutations (n = 1) led to a shorter period of transfusion dependency. Our study demonstrated that mutated SPTB causing red‐cell membranopathy is likely the most common cause of severe non‐thalassemic IHA among Thai patients. This urges carrier screening in the population to prevent subsequent, severely affected births.
Exploring the psychosexual impact and disclosure experiences of women testing positive for high‐risk cervical human papillomavirus
Authors: Bennett Kirsty F. , Waller Jo , Bailey Julia V. , Marlow Laura A. V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the psychosexual impact and disclosure experiences of women testing HPV‐positive following cervical screening.DesignIn‐depth semi‐structured interviews.MethodsInterviews were conducted with 21 women of screening age (i.e. those aged 24–65 years) in England who self‐reported testing HPV‐positive in the context of cervical screening in the last 12 months. Data were analysed using Framework Analysis.ResultsThe sexually transmitted nature of HPV, and aspects relating to the transmission of HPV and where their HPV infection had come from, had an impact on women's current, past and future interpersonal and sexual relationships. Most women had disclosed their HPV infection to others, however the factors influencing their decision, and others' reactions to disclosure differed. The magnitude and extent of psychosexual impact was influenced by how women conceptualized HPV, their understanding of key aspects of the virus, concerns about transmitting HPV and having a persistent HPV infection.ConclusionsIncreasing knowledge of key aspects of HPV, such as its high prevalence and spontaneous clearance, and the differences between HPV and other STIs, may increase women's understanding of their screening result and reduce any negative psychosexual consequences of testing HPV‐positive. Referring to HPV as an infection that is passed on by skin‐to‐skin contact during sexual activity, rather than an STI, may help to lessen any psychosexual impact triggered by the STI label.
Optionality in animal communication: a novel framework for examining the evolution of arbitrariness
Authors: Watson Stuart K. , Filippi Piera , Gasparri Luca , Falk Nikola , Tamer Nicole , Widmer Paul , Manser Marta , Glock Hans‐Johann 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTA critical feature of language is that the form of words need not bear any perceptual similarity to their function – these relationships can be ‘arbitrary’. The capacity to process these arbitrary form–function associations facilitates the enormous expressive power of language. However, the evolutionary roots of our capacity for arbitrariness, i.e. the extent to which related abilities may be shared with animals, is largely unexamined. We argue this is due to the challenges of applying such an intrinsically linguistic concept to animal communication, and address this by proposing a novel conceptual framework highlighting a key underpinning of linguistic arbitrariness, which is nevertheless applicable to non‐human species. Specifically, we focus on the capacity to associate alternative functions with a signal, or alternative signals with a function, a feature we refer to as optionality. We apply this framework to a broad survey of findings from animal communication studies and identify five key dimensions of communicative optionality: signal production, signal adjustment, signal usage, signal combinatoriality and signal perception. We find that optionality is widespread in non‐human animals across each of these dimensions, although only humans demonstrate it in all five. Finally, we discuss the relevance of optionality to behavioural and cognitive domains outside of communication. This investigation provides a powerful new conceptual framework for the cross‐species investigation of the origins of arbitrariness, and promises to generate original insights into animal communication and language evolution more generally.
Readiness for independent living of youth in residential childcare: A comparative study
Authors: García‐Alba Laura , Gullo Federica , del Valle Jorge F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTransition to adulthood is an accelerated and early process for care leavers that requires intensive preparation, training and support from child welfare services. This study aimed to explore the perceived readiness for independent living of a group of care‐experienced young people preparing for leaving care in Spain and to compare it with the perceptions of their peers from the general population. A sample of 508 youth (50% women) aged 14–21 (M = 16.67;SD = 1.72) took part, of whom 279 were care experienced and 229 belonged to the general population in Spain. Participants' independent living skills, personal autonomy, self‐efficacy and sociodemographic characteristics were assessed through an online survey using standardized instruments. Care‐experienced young people displayed higher levels of life skills and autonomy in self‐care, daily living at home and employment domains, but not related to making daily arrangements in their community. However, their educational level and self‐efficacy levels were lower than in the comparison group. Work experience stood out as a significant predictor of care‐experienced young people's life skills level. These findings support the importance of assessing life skills as an outcome of leaving care preparation services and providing care‐experienced young people with real‐life experiences to develop their life skills.
Thromboelastography predicting the prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang Yingjun , Gao Xin , Xiong Wenping , Duan Fujia , Zhang Na , Wang Haibo , Wang Mingming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the association between thromboelastography and the clinical features as well as the prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).DesignSingle‐centre, retrospective study.SettingA hospital in China.ParticipantsIn total, 133 patients presented with SSNHL within 2 weeks before the study, who did not receive treatment.Main Outcome MeasuresThe patients' medical history was collected. Audiological, imaging and haematological examinations were performed before treatment. Patients with abnormal thromboelastography were re‐examined 1 week after treatment, and efficacy was evaluated 1 month after treatment. The chi‐squared test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the association between factors, such as vertigo, degree and type of hearing loss, vestibular function, inner ear MRI results, thromboelastography and efficacy of treatment.ResultsThromboelastography was correlated with prognosis (p = 0.049) and degree (p = 0.030) and type of hearing loss (p = 0.013) in patients with SSNHL. The R (p = 0.002) and angle values (p = 0.010) correlated with prognosis. The MA (p = 0.022) and G values (p = 0.020) correlated with the degree of hearing loss. The R (p = 0.033) value correlated with inner ear MRI results, and the ΔG (p = 0.010) value correlated with fibrinogen levels. ΔThromboelastography (p = 0.032) was correlated with the prognosis of patients with abnormal thromboelastography results. Logistic regression analysis showed that thromboelastography correlated with prognosis (p = 0.013), and Δthromboelastography correlated with the prognosis of patients with abnormal thromboelastography results (p = 0.013) and vertigo (p = 0.016).ConclusionThromboelastography is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of SSNHL with the R and angle values playing a major role.
Impact of operation duration on postoperative outcomes of minimally‐invasive right colectomy
Authors: de'Angelis Nicola , Schena Carlo Alberto , Piccoli Micaela , Casoni Pattacini Gianmaria , Pecchini Francesca , Winter Des C. , O'Connell Lauren , Carcoforo Paolo , Urbani Alessia , Aisoni Filippo , Martínez‐Pérez Aleix , Celentano Valerio , Chiarugi Massimo , Tartaglia Dario , Coccolini Federico , Arces Francesco , Di Saverio Salomone , Frontali Alice , Fuks David , Denet Christine , Genova Pietro , Guerrieri Mario , Ortenzi Monica , Kraft Miquel , Pellino Gianluca , Vidal Laura , Lakkis Zaher , Antonot Céphise , Perrotto Ornella , Vertier Jeanne , Le Roy Bertrand , Micelli Lupinacci Renato , Milone Marco , De Palma Giovanni Domenico , Petri Roberto , Santangelo Antonio , Scabini Stefano , De Rosa Raffaele , Tonini Valeria , Valverde Alain , Bianchi Giorgio , Carra Maria Clotilde , Zorcolo Luigi , Deidda Simona , Restivo Angelo , Andolfi Enrico , Paquet Jean‐Christophe , Bartoletti Sebastiano , Orci Lorenzo , Ris Frederic , Espin Eloy ,   MERCY Study Collaborating Group
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimOperation time (OT) is a key operational factor influencing surgical outcomes. The present study aimed to analyse whether OT impacts on short‐term outcomes of minimally‐invasive right colectomies by assessing the role of surgical approach (robotic [RRC] or laparoscopic right colectomy [LRC]), and type of ileocolic anastomosis (i.e., intracorporal [IA] or extra‐corporal anastomosis [EA]).MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of the Minimally‐invasivE surgery for oncological Right ColectomY (MERCY) Study Group database, which included adult patients with nonmetastatic right colon adenocarcinoma operated on by oncological RRC or LRC between January 2014 and December 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used.ResultsThe study sample was composed of 1549 patients who were divided into three groups according to the OT quartiles: (1) First quartile, <135 min (n = 386); (2) Second and third quartiles, 135–199 min (n = 731); and (3) Fourth quartile ≥200 min (n = 432). The majority (62.7%) were LRC‐EA, followed by LRC‐IA (24.3%), RRC‐IA (11.1%), and RRC‐EA (1.9%). Independent predictors of an OT ≥ 200 min included male gender, age, obesity, diabetes, use of indocyanine green fluorescence, and IA confection. An OT ≥ 200 min was significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative noninfective complications (AOR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.15–2.13; p = 0.004), whereas the surgical approach and the type of anastomosis had no impact on postoperative morbidity.ConclusionProlonged OT is independently associated with increased odds of postoperative noninfective complications in oncological minimally‐invasive right colectomy.
Leiomyoma of the proximal cervical oesophagus in a horse
Authors: Faulkner Josephine , Vlaminck Lieven , Geerinckx Lise , Raes Els , Vanderperren Katrien 
Published: July 2022

SummaryAn 18‐year‐old female Fjord horse presented with a history of recent progressive dysphagia, coughing and increased respiratory effort during exercise, which had not improved with administration of systemic antimicrobials. Upper airway endoscopy, radiography and computed tomography showed a soft tissue mass at the dorsal aspect of the larynx in the region of the proximal cervical oesophagus. Humane euthanasia was opted for and post‐mortem, histological and immunohistochemical examination provided a definitive diagnosis of leiomyoma of the proximal oesophagus. Neoplasia, and more specifically a smooth muscle neoplasm, of the proximal cervical oesophagus has not previously been reported in horses.
A compendium and evaluation of taxonomy quality attributes
Authors: Unterkalmsteiner Michael , Abdeen Waleed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionTaxonomies capture knowledge about a particular domain in a succinct manner and establish a common understanding among peers. Researchers use taxonomies to convey information about a particular knowledge area or to support automation tasks, and practitioners use them to enable communication beyond organizational boundaries.AimsEven though this important role of taxonomies in software engineering, their quality is seldom evaluated. Our aim is to identify and define taxonomy quality attributes that provide practical measurements, helping researchers and practitioners to compare taxonomies and choose the one most adequate for the task at hand.MethodsWe reviewed 324 publications from software engineering and information systems research and synthesized, when provided, the definitions of quality attributes and measurements. We evaluated the usefulness of the measurements on six taxonomies from three domains.ResultsWe propose the definition of seven quality attributes and suggest internal and external measurements that can be used to assess a taxonomy's quality. For two measurements we provide implementations in Python. We found the measurements useful for deciding which taxonomy is best suited for a particular purpose.ConclusionWhile there exist several guidelines for creating taxonomies, there is a lack of actionable criteria to compare taxonomies. In this article, we fill this gap by synthesizing from a wealth of literature seven, non‐overlapping taxonomy quality attributes and corresponding measurements. Future work encompasses their further evaluation of usefulness and empirical validation.
Effect of prophylactic negative pressure treatment for post‐surgery groin wounds management in vascular surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Xie Rui , Li Bo , Wen Fei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the effect of prophylactic negative pressure treatment for post‐surgery groin wounds management in vascular surgery. A systematic literature search up to April 2022 was performed and 1537 total number of groin vascular surgery incisions at the baseline of the studies; 729 of them were using the prophylactic negative pressure treatment, and 808 were using control. Odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effect of prophylactic negative pressure treatment for post‐surgery groin wounds management in vascular surgery using the dichotomous, and contentious methods with a random or fixed‐effect model. The prophylactic negative pressure treatment subjects had a significantly lower surgical site wound infection (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.16‐0.42, P < .001) in subjects after vascular surgery compared with control. However, prophylactic negative pressure treatment did not show any significant difference in revision surgery (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.52‐1.00, P = .05), readmission (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.66‐1.32, P = .69), mortality in hospital (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.29‐1.01, P = .05), and length of hospital stay (MD, −0.24; 95% CI, −0.91‐0.44, P = .49) compared with control in subjects after vascular surgery. The prophylactic negative pressure treatment subjects had a significantly lower surgical site wound infection and no significant difference in revision surgery, readmission, mortality in hospital, and length of hospital stay compared with control in subjects after vascular surgery. The analysis of outcomes should be with caution because of the low sample size of 2 out of 10 studies in the meta‐analysis and a low number of studies in certain comparisons.
Effective negative pressure wound therapy for open wounds: The importance of consistent pressure delivery
Authors: Orlov Aleksei , Gefen Amit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTwo distinct design concepts exist for single‐use negative pressure wound therapy systems: Canister‐based versus canisterless. The canister‐based technology provides intrinsic stable delivery of the intended negative pressure, because exudate is constantly transferred from the wound into a canister, thereby preventing dressing saturation. In contrast, with a canisterless system, where delivery of the negative pressure depends on continuous evaporation of wound fluids from its dressing, loss of the intended wound‐bed pressure may occur due to dressing saturation. To investigate whether these two designs differ in their mechanobiological effect with respect to magnitudes and distributions of tissue strain fields under the absorptive dressing, termed the influence zone, we integrated computational modelling with an animal study. This influence zone must be of biologically influential strain levels and extend sufficiently into the peri‐wound for stimulating fibroblasts to migrate and progress the healing. We found that an effective influence zone requires continuous delivery of the intended pressure to the wound‐bed. Loss of negative pressure at the wound‐bed below 40 mmHg adversely lowered the peri‐wound stimulation around a 120 × 70 mm sized wound to less than one‐third of the baseline stimulation, and further pressure decreases to 20 mmHg or lower resulted in complete lack of peri‐wound mechano‐stimulation.
Enhancement of Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm growth by cephem antibiotics via enrichment of protein and extracellular DNA in the biofilm matrices
Authors: Yamabe Kaoru , Arakawa Yukio , Shoji Masaki , Miyamoto Katsushiro , Tsuchiya Takahiro , Minoura Katsuhiko , Akeda Yukihiro , Tomono Kazunori , Onda Mitsuko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
The aims were to determine the effects of subinhibitory concentrations of eight cephem and carbapenem antibiotics on the biofilm formation of Acinetobacter baumannii cells and examine their effects on pre-established biofilms.

Methods and Results
Effects of antibiotics on biofilm formation were assayed using microtitre plates with polystyrene peg-lids. Cefmetazole, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefpirome increased the biomass of pre-established biofilms on pegs in the range of their sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), whereas none increased biofilm formation by planktonic cells. Carbapenems had a negative effect. The constituents of antibiotic-induced biofilms were analysed. Ceftriaxone or ceftazidime treatment markedly increased the matrix constituent amounts in the biofilms (carbohydrate, 2.7-fold; protein, 8.9–12.7-fold; lipid, 3.3–3.6-fold; DNA, 9.1–12.2-fold; outer membrane vesicles, 2.7–3.8-fold and viable cells, 6.8–10.1-fold). The antibiotic-enhanced biofilms had increased outer membrane protein A and were resistant to the anti-biofilm effect of azithromycin.

Conclusions
Some cephems increased the biomass of pre-established biofilms in the ranges of their sub-MICs. The antibiotic-enhanced biofilms possessed more virulent characteristics than normal biofilms.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Incomplete administration of certain cephems following biofilm-related Ac. baumannii infections could adversely cause exacerbated and chronic clinical results.
Body size and the urban heat island effect modulate the temperature–size relationship in ground beetles
Authors: Lövei Gábor L. , Magura Tibor 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimBody size is a key trait linked to other life history traits and influences several individual‐, community‐ and ecosystem‐level characteristics, processes, functions and services. Ecological and evolutionary body size responses at the intra‐ and inter‐specific level to thermal geographic gradients (e.g. latitudinal or altitudinal ones) are widely studied. Whether this temperature‐size relationship remains true for community‐wide body size is still largely unknown.LocationNorthern temperate region.TaxonGround beetles (Carabidae).MethodsWe assessed the temperature‐size relationships using data from 11 northern temperate locations, spanning 25 latitudinal degrees. Furthermore, we quantified the effects of potential competing factors, such as body size and habitat preference of carabid assemblages and sub‐assemblages along urbanisation gradients, as well as the urban heat island (UHI) effect on this relationship.ResultsWe found significant negative relationship between the community‐wide mean body size and the geographical latitude (converse Bergmann cline) for the whole ground beetle assemblage and the sub‐assemblages of large‐bodied species. This relationship was stronger in the urban localities than in rural ones. For the sub‐assemblages of small‐sized species, the relationship was not significant. We found significant negative relationship between the community‐wide mean body size and the latitude for the sub‐assemblages of both the non‐forest and the forest species, and these became stronger in the urban habitats.Main ConclusionsOur results highlight the leading role of the individual body size and the UHI effect in determining the community‐wide body size–latitude relationship in ground beetles.