bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UM MARCO LUMINOSO NAS BRENHAS DE MINAS: DO ALDEAMENTO À COLÔNIA INDÍGENA DO ITAMBACURI (1840-1910)
Authors: Chrysostomo Maria Isabel de Jesus , Geraldo Santos Higor Mozart 
Published: June 2022

Nosso objetivo é compreender como Itambacuri – nascido aldeamento e depois transformado em colônia indígena – se integra, na longa duração, ao desejo de transformação do Vale do Mucuri em um território útil e produtivo na transição do século XIX para o XX. A partir do manejo de diversas fontes, assinala-se como a imposição de novos estatutos políticos e administrativos inserem-se nessa proposta de conformação e legitimação da região norte e noroeste de Minas Gerais. Verificou-se que a constituição do aldeamento/colônia de Itambacuri pode ser admitida como espécie de coroamento de um persistente apetite territorial que visava não apenas eliminar os obstáculos para progresso, mas ressignificá-los e integrá-los como pilares na construção de uma Minas Gerais civilizada, mestiça e cristã. Nesse sentido, a colônia aperfeiçoou alguns processos espaciais em curso: i.) a fixação do indígena (transmutando-o em nacional); ii.) o povoamento da região como uma nova população; iii) o processo de normatização do espaço, isto é, a definição de um novo estatuto da terra; iv.) a organização de regras de produção, circulação e disseminação de ideias e produtos agrícolas e manufaturados. No entanto, o mais importante aspecto desse processo socioespacial de mudança regional vinculava-se à instituição de novas e mais elaboradas formas de trabalho e gestão da terra outrora indígena.
Palavras-chave: Território; Região; Norte de Minas; Vale do Mucuri; Política Indigenista
Efecto de un biol sobre las características del suelo y la producción de brotes en pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.)
Authors: Monge Pérez José Eladio , Loría-Coto Michelle , Oreamuno-Fonseca Patricia 
Published: June 2022

Introducción: Los bioles son fertilizantes líquidos fermentados. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de un biol sobre las características del suelo y la producción de brotes, en el cultivo de pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.). Métodos: Los tratamientos evaluados fueron Fertibiol 45L® y Testigo (agua destilada), ambos aplicados al suelo. Se realizó un análisis físico, químico y microbiológico del suelo, antes y hacia el final del ensayo. Se evaluó la producción de brotes nuevos (vegetativos y reproductivos), en forma quincenal. Resultados: En comparación con el Testigo, el Fertibiol provocó un aumento en el contenido de P (+112%), S (+1200%) y Zn (+18%) en el suelo, y una supresión de los hongos Penicillium sp. y Fusarium sp.; además, no provocó cambios en la producción de brotes vegetativos, pero sí causó una disminución (-56%) en la producción de brotes reproductivos en el cultivo de pitahaya. Conclusión: El Fertibiol provocó un mejoramiento en la disponibilidad de P, S y Zn en el suelo, y suprimió a los hongos Penicillium sp. y Fusarium sp.; sin embargo, la producción de brotes reproductivos en el cultivo de pitahaya fue afectada negativamente, mientras que la producción de brotes vegetativos no fue afectada.
The Genomic Imperative: Michel Houellebecq's The Possibility of an Island
Authors: Moraru Christian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
“The Genomic Imperative” focuses on French writer Michel Houellebecq's 2005 dystopia The Possibility of an Island (La possibilité d'une île). In its introduction, the essay links Houellebecq's work to the recent tradition of postmodern fiction (on the one hand) and to modern philosophies of the “human” (on the other). The introduction is followed by an analysis of the cultural-existential predicament of Houellebecq's “neohuman” world with particular emphasis on the cloning theme. “Neohumanism,” I argue, rests on a radical abolition of difference. Identity is eminently serial in a disenchanted “society” where “the freedom of indifference” is the ultimate ideal. Notably, indifference is not just a matter of psychology, an attitude toward others. It also speaks to a dedifferentiated world that smudges the vital demarcations between self and other, private and public, interior and exterior, and culture and nature.
Religion and Utopia in Fredric Jameson
Authors: Boer Roland 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Focusing on the interplay of religion and Utopia in Fredric Jameson's recent Archaeologies of the Future, I identify a tension: on the one hand, the content of religion has been superseded (although not its forms), yet, on the other, Jameson still wishes to make use of a hermeneutics of suspicion and recovery in which even the most retrograde material may be recuperated—religion included. So we find a clash underway in this work. Sometimes Jameson sidelines religion, as one would expect if religion was no longer relevant. At other times, he exercises his dialectical hermeneutics, particularly at two moments: first, a recovery, via Feuerbach, of the role of magic within fantasy literature; second, the partial treatment of apocalyptic, which comes very close to his own argument for Utopia as rupture. From here, I develop the dialectic of ideology and Utopia further by expanding Jameson's comments on the possibilities of medieval theology and the utopian role of religion (both Catholic and Protestant) in More's Utopia.
TAXATION IN UTOPIA
Authors: Goodwin Barbara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUtopias of the right and the left offer different justifications for taxation and propose different tax systems. Here, utopian proposals are analysed and evaluated from two perspectives: the “ideal” form of taxation (visible, equitable, and non-avoidable), and the democratic perspective (would people willingly consent to it?). Pre-taxation, favoured by left-wing utopias, raises problems from a democratic standpoint while right-wing utopias assert that taxation must be voluntary but are over-confident that “voluntary government financing” would provide a safety-net for poorer members of society. In the conclusion, I argue that there is more at stake than the left/right dispute. The different attitudes to utopian taxation are indicative of markedly different conceptions of society
Homus Novus: The New Man as Allegory
Authors: Skradol Natalia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article explores the “New Man” as a politically and philosophically charged ideologeme at the end of the 1920s and the beginning of the 1930s in Germany and Russia. It argues that approaching the New Man as an allegory in Walter Benjamin's sense of the term is helpful in understanding its status at the crossroads of the political and utopian discourse of modernity. This article analyzes the New Man as utopian allegory to reassess some of the current categories in more recent debates on political utopianism.
Embodied Anarchy in Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed
Authors: Jaeckle Daniel P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In The Dispossessed, Ursula K. Le Guin embodies a complementary form of anarchism on the planet Anarres. Just as in the scientific theory of the protagonist, Shevek, time is both sequential and simultaneous, so too the individual freedom and social responsibility needed for anarchism to succeed are unified by promising, which itself presupposes sequence and simultaneity. Le Guin examines several challenges to this theory of anarchy: crises that disrupt the complementarity of freedom and responsibility; fear; the desire for power; incompatible ideologies; and hopelessness. Despite the exposure of its limits, however, anarchy survives as the best political option in the novel.
Visions of Happiness: Daoist Utopias and Grotto Paradises in Early and Medieval Chinese Tales
Authors: Chiang Sing-chen Lydia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study traces the respective evolutions of two separate motifs—Daoist utopia and grotto heavens (dongtian)—in early and medieval Chinese literature, and discusses the significance of their convergence in the influential literary classic “Peach Blossom Spring” ("Taohua yuan ji") by Tao Qian (aka Tao Yuanming, 365—427). The purposes of this article are twofold: first, to enhance our understanding of the ideological and textual connections between “Peach Blossom Spring” and Confucianism and Daoism; second, to offer new insights into the unique characteristics of Chinese utopianism, where political vision and mythical imagination frequently were inter-twined.
The Shaker “Gift” Economy: Charisma, Aesthetic Practice and Utopian Communalism
Authors: Sarbanes Janet 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article considers the Shakers' vibrant, expressive culture, which they referred to as “gifts” ("the gift of song,” “the dancing gift,” “the whirling gift,” and so on), as the source and sustenance of their charismatic communalism. Drawing on Max Weber's discussion of charisma and institution, and Marcel Mauss's famous description of the “gift economy,” I argue that Shaker society harbored a deep flexibility towards and admiration for creativity that allowed charismatic relations to co-exist alongside a strict top-down organization, and indeed, to take precedence at moments when the reinvigoration of social bonds was of crucial importance to the sect's continuance
When Science Fiction Writers Used Fictional Drugs: Rise and Fall of the Twentieth-Century Drug Dystopia
Authors: Hickman John 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article compares seven novels published from 1932 to 1980 which are set in drug dystopias (near future societies where pharmacology produces or reinforces a dystopian social order) in order to answer two questions. What are the effects and symbolic meanings of the fictional drugs they describe? Why are there so few examples of this subgenre? Today, their warnings about the reduction of populations to docility or of assaults on the integrity of individual minds seem overwrought, and the apparent passing of the subgenre need not be mourned. Two of the seven novels, however, Brave New World and A Scanner Darkly, continue to be read because they warn against more subtle forms of tyranny.
Determinants of Small for Gestational Age in Women with Type 2 Diabetes in Pregnancy: Who should get Metformin?
Authors: Feig Denice S , Zinman Bernard , Asztalos Elizabeth , Donovan Lois E , Shah Prakesh S , Sanchez J Johanna , Tomlinson George , Murphy Kellie E , Group the MiTy Collaborative 
Published: June 2022

<p>OBJECTIVE</p>
<p>In the MiTy [Metformin in Women with Type 2 Diabetes in Pregnancy] randomized trial of metformin vs placebo added to insulin, we found numerous benefits with metformin but identified an increased proportion of small for gestational age (SGA) infants. We aimed to determine the predictors of SGA in order to individualize care.</p>
<p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p>
<p>Using logistic regression, we assessed baseline maternal characteristics as predictors of SGA. We compared maternal/neonatal outcomes in SGA metformin and placebo groups using t-tests, chi-squared tests or Fisher’s exact tests, as appropriate. </p>
<p>RESULTS</p>
<p>Of the 502 mothers, 460 infants were eligible for this study. There were 30 infants with SGA in the metformin group (12.9%) and 15 in the placebo group (6.6%) (p=0.026). Among SGA infants, those in the metformin group delivered significantly later than those in the placebo group (37.2 vs 35.3 weeks, p=0.038). In adjusted analyses, the presence of a comorbidity (chronic hypertension and/or nephropathy, OR 3.05 (95%CI1.58-5.81) and metformin use (OR 2.26 (95%CI1.19 to 4.74)) were predictive of SGA. The absolute risk of SGA was much higher in women on metformin with comorbidity compared to women on metformin without comorbidity (25.0% vs 9.8%).</p>
<p>CONCLUSIONS</p>
<p>In this study we observed a high percentage of SGA births among women with type 2 diabetes and chronic hypertension and/or nephropathy who were treated with metformin. Thus, with the aim of reducing SGA, it is reasonable to be cautious in our use of metformin in those with T2D and chronic hypertension or nephropathy in pregnancy.</p>
Time Frame Analysis of Potassium Nitrate and Hydrogen Peroxide Diffusion into the Pulp Chamber
Authors: Alshehri A , Kolker J , Teixeira E , Xie XJ , Fiegel J , Wertz P 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARY

Objectives
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an innovative double-layer, single-application desensitizing/whitening technique of potassium nitrate (PN) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) diffusion at different time points.

Methods and Materials
Specimens were prepared from extracted caries-free human molars (n=90). Teeth were randomly assigned into four groups: Group A (HP CTRL) treated with 25% HP for 45 minutes, group B (PN CTRL) received a single-layer treatment of 5% PN for 45 minutes, group C received the double-layer treatment of 5% PN and 25% HP for 45 minutes, and group D received a 3% PN incorporated in a 40% HP gel for 45 minutes. PN and HP concentrations were measured at 5, 15, 30, and 45 minutes using standard chemical kits. Group comparisons were made using a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Pairwise tests for differences in diffusion were done, using the Tukey adjustment of p values for multiple comparisons. A significance level of 5% was used.

Results
Group A showed no significant difference in HP diffusion rates between the 5- and 15-minute, 15- and 30-minute, or 30- and 45-minute time points; group D showed a similar trend; however, group C differed significantly at the 5-and 15-minute time points (p=0.0004), at the 15-and 30-minute time points (p=0.0026), and the 30- and 45-minute time points (p=0.0014). For PN diffusion, groups B and C had significantly different levels at the 15-, 30-, and 45-minute time points (p=0.0005, p=0.0002, and p&lt;0.0001, respectively); and at the 15-, 30-, and 45-minute time points, groups D and C had significantly different PN diffusion (p=0.0327, p=0.0004, and p&lt; 0.0001, respectively). Group C had significantly different PN diffusion at the 5- and 15-minute time points (p=0.0004), the 15- and 30-minute time points (p=0.0026), and at the 30- and 45-minute time points (p=0.0014).

Conclusion
The double-layer technique showed superior diffusion of PN into the pulp chamber and did not affect the diffusion of HP when compared to other techniques. The double-layer technique may be suggested as an alternative tooth-whitening treatment to minimize tooth sensitivity.
CURAHAN WAKTU KERJA WANITA BURUH PENYADAP KARET (Studi Kasus PT Citra Putra Kebun Asri di Kecamatan Jorong Kabupaten Tanah Laut)
Authors: Ijah Ijah , Suslinawati Suslinawati , Ni'mah Gusti Khairun 
Published: June 2022

AbstrakPenelitian memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui besaran waktu yang dicurahkan atau dialokasikan wanita yang bekerja di PT Citra Putra Kebun Asri sebagai buruh penyadap karet untuk melakukan aktivitas, baik aktivitas produktif, aktivitas domestik rumah tangga, ataupun aktivitas sosial. Penelitian mulai pada bulan Juni sampai dengan bulan Juli 2020. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria wanita penyadap karet aktif dengan sistem target. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan curahan waktu kerja wanita untuk yang tidak memiliki pekerjaan sampingan selain menyadap karet di PT CPKA rata-rata menghabiskan waktu 5,69 jam/hari (23,73%), aktivitas domestik rumah tangga 17,62 jam/hari (73,38%), dan aktivitas sosial 0,65 jam/hari (2,72%). Wanita yang memiliki pekerjaan sampingan menghabiskan waktu untuk kegiatan produktif rata-rata 7,37 jam/hari dengan persentase 30,70%, aktivitas domestik rumah tangga 65,63%, dan aktivitas sosial 0,88 jam/hari dengan persentase 3,67%. Kontribusi pendapatan wanita terhadap keluarganya rata-rata sebesar Rp 2.330.645.16/bulan dengan persentase 61,18% yang berarti berkontribusi tinggi. Alasan wanita bekerja sebagai penyadap di PT CPKA didominasi alasan ekonomi yang diantaranya membantu suami mencari nafkah, mengisi waktu luang, menabung, dan mendapat pembagian beras.Kata Kunci: Wanita Penyadap Karet, Curahan Waktu, Kontribusi Pendapatan AbstractThis study aims to determine the amount of time spent by women who work at PT Citra Putra Kebun Asri as rubber tappers to carry out activities, both productive activities, domestic household activities, or social activities. The research started from June to July 2020. The method used was purposive sampling method with criteria of active rubber tapping women with target system. The results showed that time spent working for women who didn’t have a side job apart from tapping rubber at PT CPKA spent an average of 5.69 hours/day (23.73%), while domestic household activities were 17.62 hours/day (73,38%), and social activities, 65 hours/day (2.72%). Women who have side jobs spend an average of 7.37 hours/day for productive activities with percentage of 30.70%, 65.63% for domestic activities, and 0.88 hours for social activities with percentage of 3.67%. The contribution of women's income to their families is an average of Rp. 2,330,645.16/month with percentage of 61.18% which means that they have a high contribution. The reasons for women working as tappers at PT CPKA are dominated by economic reasons, which include helping their husbands earn a living, fill the free time, saving money, and receiving rice distribution.Keywords: Women Rubber Tappers; Time Spent; Income Contribution
DETERMINAN KREDIT BANK UMUM UNTUK SEKTOR PERTANIAN: ANALISIS DARI SISI PERMINTAAN
Authors: Putra Hari Setia , Putri Yunnise , Vidriza Ullya 
Published: June 2022

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh inflasi, produk domestik bruto pertanian dan suku bunga kredit pertanian terhadap permintaan kredit pertanian bank umum konvensional di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah Error Correction Model. Data dalam penelitian ini merupakan data yang diperoleh dari website Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Pertanian dan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan didalam statistik perbankan Indonesia. Ruang lingkup penelitian ini merupakan data time series bulanan dari tahun 2015 hingga 2019. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dalam jangka panjang hanya terdapat satu variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan yakni produk domestik bruto pertanian yang memiliki hubungan positif dengan penyaluran kredit pertanian. Sementara variabel lainnya tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Begitu pula dalam jangka pendek tidak ada variabel yang signifikan terhadap kredit pertanian. Perubahan permintaan kredit pertanian yang terjadi sensitif terhadap perubahan produk domestik bruto sektor pertanian yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai probabillitas yang lebih kecil dari nilai taraf nyata. Hal tersebut kemudian menjadi dasar pertimbangan kebijakan juga informasi bagi pihak yang berkepentingan dalam hal tersebut. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan referensi dalam mengoptimalkan permintaan kredit pertanian kepada bank.Kata Kunci: Kredit Pertanian, Inflasi, Produk Domestik Bruto Pertanian, Suku Bunga Kredit Pertanian. AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of inflation, the gross domestic product of agriculture, and agricultural credit interest rates on demand for agricultural credit of conventional commercial banks in Indonesia. The research method used is the Error Correction Model. The data in this study are data obtained from the website of the Central Statistics Agency, the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Financial Services Authority in Indonesian banking statistics. The scope of this research is monthly time series data from 2015 to 2019. Based on research that has been carried out in the long term, there is only one variable that has a significant effect, namely the gross domestic product of agriculture which has a positive relationship with the distribution of agricultural credit. While other variables have no significant effect. Likewise, in the short term, there is no significant variable on agricultural credit. Changes in demand for agricultural credit that occur are sensitive to changes in the gross domestic product of the agricultural sector as indicated by a probability value that is smaller than the real level value. This then becomes the basis for policy considerations as well as information for interested parties in this matter. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to be able to provide a reference in optimizing the demand for agricultural credit to banks.Keywords: Agricultural Credit, Inflation, Gross Domestic Product of Agriculture, Interest Rate of Agriculture
STRUKTUR PENDAPATAN PETANI JAGUNG DI DESA KARANGPARI KECAMATAN RANCAH KABUPATEN CIAMIS
Authors: Nurahman Ivan Sayid , Sudrajat Sudrajat , Noor Trisna Insan 
Published: June 2022

Abstrak Jagung merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan yang mempunyai peran strategis dalam pembangunan pertanian dan perekonomian nasional. Komoditas ini berfungsi multiguna, baik untuk pangan maupun pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik petani jagung, pendapatan petani jagung dan bagaimana struktur pendapatan petani jagung di Desa Karangpari Kecamatan Rancah Kabupaten Ciamis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 32 petani jagung menggunakan simple random sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis usahatani dan analisis struktur pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani jagung rata-rata berumur 43 tahun, pendidikan formal yang ditamatkan sebagian besar hanya sampai SD, lahan usatahatani jagung tergolong luas pada lahan kering, pengalaman usahatani selama 7 tahun, tanggungan keluarga sebanyak 3 orang. Rata-rata pendapatan petani jagung sebesar Rp. 8.493.194,- yang diperoleh dari penerimaan Rp. 14.400.000,- dikurangi biaya total sebesar Rp. 5.906.806,- per musim tanam. Struktur pendapatan petani jagung per tahun di Desa Karangpari Kecamatan Rancah Kabupaten Ciamis di dominasi oleh pendapatan sektor pertanian sebesar 62,03 persen, sedangkan pendapatan dari sektor non pertanian berkontribusi sebesar 37,97 persen.Kata kunci : struktur, pendapatan, petani, jagung. Abstract Corn is a food commodity that has a strategic role in agricultural development and the national economy. This commodity has a multipurpose function, both for food and feed. This study aims to determine the characteristics of corn farmers, corn farmers' income and how the income structure of corn farmers in Karangpari Village, Rancah District, Ciamis Regency. This research is a quantitative descriptive study by taking a sample of 32 corn farmers using simple random sampling. The data collected includes primary data and secondary data. Data analysis was carried out using farming analysis and income structure analysis. The results showed that the average corn farmer was 43 years old, most of the formal education completed was only up to elementary school, the corn farming area was classified as large on dry land, farming experience for 7 years, family dependents were 3 people. The average income of corn farmers is Rp. 8,493,194, - which is obtained from the receipt of Rp. 14,400,000, - minus the total cost of Rp. 5,906,806, - per growing season. The income structure of corn farmers per year in Karangpari Village, Rancah District, Ciamis Regency is dominated by income from the agricultural sector by 62.03 percent, while income from the non-agricultural sector contributes 37.97 percent.Keywords: structure, income, farmers, corn.