bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change In Street-Tree Composition Of Two Urbana, Illinois Neighborhoods After Fifty Years: 1932-1982
Authors: Dawson Jeffrey O. , Khawaja Mushtaq A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStreet-tree inventories from 1932 and 1982 for two Urbana, Illinois neighborhoods were compared. Tree species with the greatest, total stem basal areas at breast height in 1932 were American and red elms(Ulmus americanaandUlmus rubra), eastern cottonwood(Populus deltoides),silver maple (Acer saccharinum), and sugar maple(Acer sac-charum).Tree species in the two neighborhoods with the greatest total basal areas in 1982 were silver maple, sugar maple, sycamore((Ptatanus occidentalis),and hackberry (Ceff/soccidentalis).Trees that survived the fifty years included 24 silver maples, 24 sugar maples, 9 sycamores, and 8 hackberries. There were fewer but larger trees in these two Urbana neighborhoods after fifty years. The total basal area of trees decreased only 12% while the total number of trees decreased by 41%. Dominance of American and red elms along streets in these neighborhoods changed after fifty years to a more uniform distribution of basal areas and a greater variety of tree species. Between 1932 and 1982 Dutch elm disease, urban development, varying growth and mortality patterns of tree species, and changes in selections of tree species for planting probably resulted in the dramatic change in street-tree composition that occurred.
A Study of the Management of Student Records in Academic Registrars’ Offices in Kenyan Universities
Authors: Metto Elizabeth , Miriam Mwita , Benson N. Kinuthia 
Published: August 2022

This study assessed the management of student records in academic registrars’ offices in Kenyan universities. A descriptive survey design was adopted in carrying out the study. The study targeted 49 chartered private and public universities in Kenya. The researcher classified the universities into private and public, and further, into two sets; those in the western region and eastern region of Kenya. The researcher then purposively chose in each region the youngest and the oldest public universities and similarly private universities. Questionnaire was used in the collection of data. The findings show that were clear ways of storing students’ records. However, the adoption of electronic records management was fifty-fifty. Though most of the universities had some form of electronic document use, some had not fully embraced electronic records management. The major challenges encountered were information breakdown from the registry, problems with credit control among others. The following recommendations were made based on the findings of this study; academic registrar’s office need to have a clear policy explaining the “who, where, when and what” of records management; there is need to avail adequate finance for record management processes starting from record creation, storage, communication and retrieval as well as disposal; right equipment such as cabinets, safes, locks, fire-extinguishers, trolleys, etc. should be procured; the university should develop and constantly upgrade recommended record management systems with extensive server capabilities to meet the needs of all students and other users; and members of staff should also be periodically trained to strengthen their capacity to handle the changing demands of record management as most of it migrates online.
Quantifying biological carbon pump pathways with a data-constrained mechanistic model ensemble approach
Authors: Stukel Michael R. , Décima Moira , Landry Michael R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The ability to constrain the mechanisms that transport organic
carbon into the deep ocean is complicated by the multiple physical,
chemical, and ecological processes that intersect to create, transform, and
transport particles in the ocean. In this paper we develop and
parameterize a data-assimilative model of the multiple pathways of the
biological carbon pump (NEMUROBCP). The mechanistic model is designed
to represent sinking particle flux, active transport by vertically migrating
zooplankton, and passive transport by subduction and vertical mixing, while
also explicitly representing multiple biological and chemical properties
measured directly in the field (including nutrients, phytoplankton and
zooplankton taxa, carbon dioxide and oxygen, nitrogen isotopes, and
234Thorium). Using 30 different data types (including standing stock
and rate measurements related to nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and
non-living organic matter) from Lagrangian experiments conducted on 11
cruises from four ocean regions, we conduct an objective statistical
parameterization of the model and generate 1 million different potential
parameter sets that are used for ensemble model simulations. The model
simulates in situ parameters that were assimilated (net primary production
and gravitational particle flux) and parameters that were withheld
(234Thorium and nitrogen isotopes) with reasonable accuracy. Model
results show that gravitational flux of sinking particles and vertical
mixing of organic matter from the euphotic zone are more important
biological pump pathways than active transport by vertically migrating
zooplankton. However, these processes are regionally variable, with sinking
particles most important in oligotrophic areas of the Gulf of Mexico and
California Current, sinking particles and vertical mixing roughly equivalent
in productive coastal upwelling regions and the subtropical front in the
Southern Ocean, and active transport an important contributor in the eastern
tropical Pacific. We further find that mortality at depth is an important
component of active transport when mesozooplankton biomass is high, but it
is negligible in regions with low mesozooplankton biomass. Our results also
highlight the high degree of uncertainty, particularly amongst
mesozooplankton functional groups, that is derived from uncertainty in model
parameters. Indeed, variability in BCP pathways between simulations for a
specific location using different parameter sets (all with approximately
equal misfit relative to observations) is comparable to variability in BCP
pathways between regions. We discuss the implications of these results for
other data-assimilation approaches and for studies that rely on non-ensemble
model outputs.
A new snow depth data set over northern China derived using GNSS interferometric reflectometry from a continuously operating network (GSnow-CHINA v1.0, 2013–2022)
Authors: Wan Wei , Zhang Jie , Dai Liyun , Liang Hong , Yang Ting , Liu Baojian , Guo Zhizhou , Hu Heng , Zhao Limin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The currently available long-term snow depth data sets are either
from point-scale ground measurements or from gridded
satellite/modeled/reanalysis data with coarse spatial resolution, which
limits the applications in climate models, hydrological models, and regional
snow disaster monitoring. Benefitting from its unique advantages of
cost-effective and high spatiotemporal resolution (∼ 1000 m2, hourly in theory), snow depth retrieval using the Global Navigation Satellite System Interferometric Reflectometry (GNSS-IR) technique has
become a popular topic in recent years. However, due to complex
environmental and observation conditions, developing robust and operational
technology to produce long-term snow depth data sets using observations from
various GNSS station networks is still challenging. The two objectives of
this study are (1) to propose a comprehensive framework using raw data of the
complex GNSS station networks to retrieve snow depth and control its
quality automatically; and (2) to produce a long-term snow depth data set
over northern China (i.e., GSnow-CHINA v1.0, 12 h or 24 h, 2013–2022) using the
proposed framework and historical data from 80 stations. The data set has
high internal consistency with regards to different GNSS constellations
(mean r=0.98, RMSD = 0.99 cm, and nRMSD (snow depth > 5 cm)
= 0.11), different frequency bands (mean r = 0.97, RMSD = 1.46 cm, and
nRMSD (snow depth > 5 cm) = 0.16), and different GNSS receivers
(mean r = 0.62). The data set also has high external consistency with the
in situ measurements and the passive microwave (PMW) product, with a
consistent illustration of the interannual snow depth variability. Additionally, the
result show the potential of GNSS to derive hourly snow depth
observations for better monitoring of snow disasters. The proposed framework to
develop the data set provides comprehensive and supportive information for
users to process raw data of ground GNSS stations with complex environmental
conditions and various observation conditions. The resulting GSnow-CHINA
v1.0 data set is distinguished from the current point-scale in situ data or
coarse-gridded data, which can be used as an independent data source for
validation purposes. The data set is also useful for regional climate
research and other meteorological and hydrological applications. The
algorithm and data files will be maintained and updated as more data
become available in the future. The GSnow-CHINA v1.0 data set is available
at the National Tibetan Plateau/Third Pole Environment Data Center via
https://doi.org/10.11888/Cryos.tpdc.271839 (Wan et al., 2021).
The role for high volume local infiltration analgesia with liposomal bupivacaine in total hip arthroplasty: A scoping review
Authors: Vij Neeraj , Supra Rajesh , Vanvalkenburg Delena , Comardelle Nicholas , Kaye Alan D. , Viswanath Omar , Urits Ivan 
Published: August 2022

Introduction Liposomal bupivacaine has been integrated into clinical practice within many surgical disciplines to reduce post-operative pain and opioid consumption. This novel agent has been utilized in this regard in many subdisciplines of orthopedic surgery. Total hip arthroplasty has significant opioid use post-operatively as compared to many other orthopedic disciplines. Objectives The purpose of the present investigation is to summarize the current use of liposomal bupivacaine after total hip arthroplasty and to shed light on the prospect of liposomal bupivacaine to reduce opioid use after total hip arthroplasty. A tertiary purpose is to identify future areas of adjunctive pain measures that can assist in the reduction of opioid use after total hip arthroplasty. Methods This IRB-exempt scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist strictly. The literature search was performed in Mendeley. Search fields were varied until redundant. All articles were screened by title and abstract and a preliminary decision to include an article was made. The full-text screening was performed on the selected articles. Any question regarding the inclusion of an article was discussed by three authors until an agreement was reached. Results A total of 21 articles were included for qualitative description of the opioid epidemic, opioid overuse in total hip arthroplasty, and risk factors for opioid overuse in total hip arthroplasty. A total of 9 articles were included regarding the use of liposomal bupivacaine in total hip arthroplasty. Several risk factors have been identified for opioid overuse after total hip arthroplasty. These include younger age, an opioid risk tool score of > 7, a higher body mass index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency syndromes, preexisting pain syndromes, peripheral vascular disease, anxiety and mood disorders, and substance abuse disorders. Liposomal bupivacaine reduces postoperative opioid use, patient-reported outcomes, length of stay, and time to ambulation, yet is more expensive than traditional bupivacaine. Conclusions Liposomal bupivacaine represents a useful adjunct for multimodal pain strategies in total hip arthroplasty with sufficient evidence to suggest that it may be useful in decreasing postoperative opioid use. The high costs of LB represent a barrier to institutional acceptance of LB into standardized multimodal pain strategies. Further efforts should be aimed toward better understanding the current state of integration of LB into academic and private practice settings, industry movements to decrease the cost, and the role other adjunctive measures may have in reducing post-operative opioid use.
Outcomes after minimally invasive and surgical management of suprascapular nerve entrapment: A systematic review
Authors: Vij Neeraj , Fabian Isabella , Hansen Colby , Kasabali Ahmad J , Urits Ivan , Viswanath Omar 
Published: August 2022

Background The prevalence of suprascapular neuropathy is higher than previously estimated. Recent literature highlights a myriad of treatment options for patients ranging from conservative treatment and minimally invasive options to surgical management. However, there are no comprehensive review articles comparing these treatment modalities. Objective The purpose of this review article is to summarize the current state of knowledge on suprascapular nerve entrapment and to compare minimally invasive treatments to surgical treatments. Methods The literature search was performed in Mendeley. Search fields were varied redundant. All articles were screened by title and abstract and a preliminary decision to include an article was made. A full-text screening was performed on the selected articles. Any question regarding the inclusion of an article was discussed by 3 authors until an agreement was reached. Results Recent studies have further elucidated the pathoanatomy and described several risk factors for entrapment ranging. Four studies met our inclusion criteria regarding peripheral nerve stimulation with good pain and clinical outcomes. Two studies met our inclusion criteria regarding pulsed radiofrequency and showed promising pain and clinical outcomes. One study met our inclusion criteria regarding transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and showed good results that were equivalent to pulsed radiofrequency. Surgical treatment has shifted to become nearly all arthroscopic and surgical outcomes remain higher than minimally invasive treatments. Conclusions Many recently elucidated anatomical factors predispose to entrapment. A history of overhead sports or known rotator cuff disease can heighten a clinician’s suspicion. Entrapment at the suprascapular notch is more common overall, yet young athletes may be predisposed to isolated spinoglenoid notch entrapment. Pulsed radiofrequency, peripheral nerve stimulation, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation may be effective in treating patients with suprascapular nerve entrapment. Arthroscopic treatment remains the gold-standard in patients with refractory entrapment symptoms.
Liposomal Bupivacaine Decreases Post-Operative Opioid Use after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Review of Level I Evidence
Authors: Vij Neeraj , Newgaard Olivia , Norton Matt , Tolson Hannah , Kaye Alan D. , Viswanath Omar , Urits Ivan 
Published: August 2022

Introduction Anterior Cruciate Ligament tears are common after a non-contact injury and several thousand reconstructions (ACLR) occur yearly in the United States. Multimodal pain management has evolved greatly to include nerve blocks to minimize physical therapy losses post-operatively, pericapsular and wound injections, and other adjunctive measures. However, there is a surprisingly high use of opioid use after ACLR. Objective The purpose of present investigation is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding opioid use after ACLR and to synthesize the literature regarding the use of liposomal bupivacaine and its potential to reduce post-operative opioid use in ACLR patients. Methods The literature search was performed in Mendeley. Search fields were varied until redundant. All articles were screened by title and abstract and a preliminary decision to include an article was made. A full-text screening was performed on the selected articles. Any question regarding the inclusion of an article was discussed by three authors until an agreement was reached. Results Eighteen articles summarized the literature around the opioid epidemic in ACL surgery and the current context of multimodal pain strategies in ACLR. Five primary articles directly studied the use of liposomal bupivacaine as compared to reasonable control options. There remains to be over prescription of opioids within orthopedic surgery. Patient and prescriber education are effective methods at decreasing opioid prescriptions. Many opioid pills prescribed for ACLR are not used for the correct purpose. Several risk factors have been identified for opioid overuse in ACLR: American Society of Anesthesiologists score, concurrent meniscal/cartilage injury, preoperative opioid use, age < 50, COPD, and substance abuse disorder. Liposomal bupivacaine is effective in decreasing post-operative opioid use and reducing post-operative pain scores as compared to traditional bupivacaine. LB may also be effective as a nerve block, though the data on this is more limited and the effects on post-operative therapy need to be weighed against the potential therapeutic benefit. LB is associated with significantly greater costs than traditional bupivacaine. Discussion The role for opioid medications in ACLR should continue to decrease over time. Liposomal bupivacaine is a powerful tool that can reduce post-operative opioid consumption in ACLR.
Islam, Blackness, and African Cultural Distinction: The Islamic Négritude of Shaykh Ibrāhīm Niasse
Authors: Wright Zachary 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ideas of African cultural or racial distinction, most notably Négritude, largely have been dismissed as marginal to “ordinary” Africans, or the vast majority who did not have the opportunity to study in Paris or London and meet with ideologues of Black nationalism from the diaspora. Sub-Saharan African Muslims earlier responded to a process of racial othering, particularly in response to the prejudice of some Arab coreligionists. Even if Black African Muslims were reacting to decidedly different circumstances than African Americans or Black West Indians studying in Europe, Muslim articulations of Black cultural identity in the twentieth century successfully pivoted to the new historical discourse, both apprising and contributing to the discourse on Africaniteé emerging from the diaspora. This study considers the engagement with the question of Black racial identity by the prominent Senegalese Muslim scholar Shaykh Ibrāhīm Niasse (1900–1975).
Safety and outcomes of thrombolytic therapy in patients with pulmonary embolism and thrombocytopenia: A systematic review
Authors: Ata Fateen , Hamad Ibrahim Wanis , Nasser Affas Mohammad , Ahmad Khan Haseeb , Younas Hafiz Waqas , Maat Zakaria , Ali Mohamed Sabah Elshayeb , Daoudi Balqis 
Published: August 2022

Thrombolysis is an established therapeutic modality for patients with high-risk (and some selected intermediate-risk) pulmonary embolism (PE) with hemodynamic instability. Physicians sometimes experience cases where both a high-risk PE and thrombocytopenia coexist. Although thrombocytopenia of < 100 × 103/mm3 is considered a contraindication in patients with ischemic stroke, the safety and outcomes of thrombolysis in patients with acute PE and thrombocytopenia are unknown. This systemic review aimed to pool data on the safety and outcomes of thrombolysis use in patients with PE and platelet count less than 150 × 103/mm3. Patients’ demographics, clinical characteristics, management, type of thrombolytic therapy, and outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Of 283 articles identified through the systematic search, 11 case reports fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 52.27 years, and 54.5% were women. The median platelet level before thrombolysis was 65.50 × 103/mm3. Before thrombolysis was initiated, the lowest and highest platelet levels were 29 × 103/mm3 and 105 × 103/mm3, respectively. Alteplase was used in 10 patients and urokinase in one patient. One patient who had a massive PE died of aspiration pneumonia. Interestingly, no thrombocytopenia-related complications were reported. This systematic review highlights the potential benefits and safety of thrombolysis in patients with acute PE in the context of thrombocytopenia. Nevertheless, data available in the literature concerning this topic are scarce and limited to case reports. More extensive studies on the use of thrombolysis in patients with PE and thrombocytopenia are desperately needed.
Systematic review registration: The protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42021286415.
Health research-strengthening and capacity development: Research support system model in an academic healthcare system
Authors: Irfan Furqan B , Consunji Rafael I.G.D.J , Janahi Ibrahim A. , Alinier Guillaume 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Healthcare research contributes to the well-being of a population; hence, it is important to use the right system to ensure that junior researchers develop the required skills. Current research-strengthening and capacity development programs might lack a research process-based common framework or model leading to variable and suboptimal outcomes. This study aimed to describe the development and evaluation of a model for health research-capacity development at both individual and institutional levels in a Joint Commission International-accredited governmental healthcare organization in Qatar.
Methods: This retrospective observational study evaluated a research support system employed in Qatar for 1 year and constituted of16 stations, each covering a different topic and supported by an experienced faculty member. We recorded how many faculty members were involved and how many people accessed which stations. We developed an outcomes logistic model and obtained feedback about their experience of using the research support system through a short survey.
Results: Twenty-one faculty members supported a total of 77 participants, representing various professions and specialties. The majority of the participants received support on multiple stations, and the most solicited were study design and methodology (n = 45, 58.4%) and research idea (n = 29, 37.7%). The most common type of research that participants required support for was clinical research (n = 65, 84.4%). Moreover, 58.4% of the participants answered the survey, and their responses attested to their perceived benefit of making use of the research support system.
Conclusion: The research support system presented was positively evaluated by participants and promoted networking. Such aspects are favorable to the development of a research culture within an organization and would be a good addition for implementation in universities running healthcare programs and hospitals with residency programs and a large and varied healthcare workforce. This would contribute to the development of health-related research capacity and quality of research outputs in these institutions.