bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a Free Water Protocol at a Long Term Acute Care Hospital: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Gaidos Stefanie , Hrdlicka Henry Charles , Corbett John 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This feasibility study aimed to trial a Free Water Protocol (FWP) for patients with thin liquid dysphagia in the Long-Term Acute Care Hospital (LTACH) setting. Patients with dysphagia are often prescribed thickened liquids to avoid or mitigate aspiration. While this clinical intervention can minimize the risk of aspiration pneumonia (PNA), it is generally not well received by patients. As such, the goal of this study was to determine if patients who knowingly aspirate thin liquids can safely tolerate thin liquid water, and if so, to what degree of benefit. The study assessed for adverse events, fluid intake, hydration status, quality of life, and overall swallow function outcomes. These measurements were taken over a 7 day trial period using inventories, lab work, clinical judgment, and observation. Ten participants were enrolled in this study with 9 having sufficient data for analysis (n=9). No adverse events related to the FWP were observed, and patients saw improved total fluid intake (p=0.0073), swallow-related quality of life (p=0.0273), and overall swallow function (p=0.0001). The results in this feasibility study allowed for the hospital wide implementation of the FWP and laid out the groundwork for future studies looking at longitudinal effects of a FWP.
The effects of non-tariff barriers on the agricultural industry: An analysis of Mexico’s place within the APEC
Authors: Torres América Ivonne Ivonne Zamora , Aveces Mirta , Gonzalez Juan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Barriers unrelated to agricultural tariffs prevent that companies from emerging economies enter export markets successfully. Additionally, over the last two decades, the technical measures enacted by World Trade Organization-member countries have become stricter. Therefore, this study aims to identify whether the implementation of trade restrictions and other technical measures contributes to an increase in exports. Therefore, this study examines the non-tariff measures implemented by the economies within the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation region (including Mexico, Australia, Chile, China, Korea, the United States, Japan, and Peru) for the period of 2002 to 2018. To this end, we conducted a correspondence analysis via principal components analysis, which allowed us to assess the impact of non-tariff barriers on the export volume of the agricultural industries of the analyzed economies. This study did not find evidence of a significant increase in trade between these economies, which indicates that the implementation of non-tariff barriers for the agricultural industry is, in fact, affecting trade.
Associations between blood lead and urinary cadmium concentrations and all-cause and specific causes of mortality: estimating intervention effects using the parametric g-formula
Authors: Laouali Nasser , Benmarhnia Tarik , Lanphear Bruce P. , Oulhote Youssef 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
Previous studies in the US reported a high mortality risk associated with higher blood lead levels (BLLs) and urinary cadmium (UCd) levels. The aim of this study was to extend the follow-up of the previous analyses and use the parametric g-formula to estimate the 27-year risk of all-cause and specific causes of mortality.
Methods
We used data on 14,311 adults aged ≥ 20 years enrolled in the NHANES-III between 1988 and 1994 and followed up through Dec 31, 2015. Time and cause of death were determined from the National Death Index records. We used the parametric g-formula with pooled logistic regression models to estimate the relative and absolute risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality under different potential threshold interventions on BPb and UCd concentrations.
Results
Median follow-up was 22.5 years, 5,167 (36%) participants died by the end of the study; 1,550 from cardiovascular disease and 1,135 from cancer. An increase of BLLs and creatinine corrected UCd from the 5th (0.70 µg/dL and 0.04 µg/g for BLLs and UCd ) to the 95th percentile (9.70 µg/dL and 1.63 µg/g for BLLs and UCd) was associated with an increased risk of all-cause by 138% (95% CI, 14 to 196) and a 126% (95% CI, 77 to 383). BLLs and UCd were associated with an increase of 109% (95% CI, 4 to 268) and 37% (95% CI, -0.20 to 239) in the risk of cardiovascular mortality when comparing the 5th to the 95th percentiles of exposure. The corresponding increase in risk for cancer mortality was 287% (95% CI, 12 to 691) and 144% (95% CI, -0.34 to 281) for BLLs and UCd, respectively. We found higher risk differences among men and older participants as compared to their counterparts.
Conclusion
Interventions to reduce historical exposures to lead and cadmium could have prevented several deaths, especially among individuals ≥ 50 years of age as well as in men.
Klotho expression in peripheral blood circulating cells is associated with vascular and systemic inflammation in atherosclerotic vascular disease
Authors: Martín-Núñez Ernesto , Pérez-Castro Atteneri , Ferri Carla , Tagua Victor G. , Hernández-Carballo Carolina , Pérez-Delgado Nayra , Rodríguez-Ramos Sergio , Cerro-López Purificación , López-Castillo Ángel , Delgado-Molinos Alejandro , López-Tarruella Victoria Castro , Arévalo-Gómez Miguel A. , González-Luis Ainhoa , Martín-Olivera Alberto , Morales-Estévez Carmen Chaxiraxi , Mora-Fernández Carmen , Donate-Correa Javier , Navarro-González Juan F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. New therapeutic strategies are aimed to modulate the athero-inflammatory process that partially orchestrates underlying vascular damage. Peripheral blood circulating cells (PBCCs) include different immune cells with a central role in the development of the atherogenic inflammatory response. The anti-aging factor α-Klotho (KL) has been related to protective effects against CVD. KL is expressed in monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes where it exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Our aim is to characterize the relationships between inflammatory markers and KL gene expression in PBCCs or serum levels of soluble KL (sKL) in atherosclerotic vascular disease. For this, we conducted a cross-sectional single center case-control study including 76 CVD patients and a control group of 16 cadaveric organ donors without medical antecedent or study indicating CVD. Vascular artery fragments, whole blood and serum samples were obtained during elective or organ retrieval surgery, respectively. Serum levels of sKL, TNFα and IL10 were measured. Gene expression levels of KL, TNF, IL10, NFKB1, DNMT1, and DNMT3A, and KL promoter methylation percentage in PBCCs were also determined. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were employed to visualize atherosclerotic lesions and to measure IL10 and TNFα levels in vascular fragments.CVD patients presented higher values for pro-inflammatory markers in the vasculature, PBCCs and systemically compared to controls. In PBCCs, CVD group presented lower expression of KL gene compared to controls (56.4% reduction, P<0.001), which was accompanied by higher methylation of its promoter (34.1±4.1% vs. 14.6±3.4%, P<0.01) and higher gene expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3A (P<0.0001 for both). KL expression correlated inversely with pro-inflammatory markers in PBCCs and vasculature, but directly with anti-inflammatory markers. sKL serum levels presented similar associations with pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in PBCCs. KL expression in PBCCs and serum sKL levels were diminished in patients with macroscopically observable atheromatous plaques.We conclude that KL gene downregulation in PBCCs during atherosclerotic vascular disease, which is mediated by promoter methylation, is associated with the pro-inflammatory status developed in this disorder either in the vasculature or systemically.
Clinicopathologic, Treatment and Prognosis Study of 46 Xp11.2 Renal Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Zhou Jiale , Zhao Ling , Yang Zhaolin , Chen Yonghui , Wu Xiaorong , Xue Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To report the clinicopathological features and mid-to-long term oncologic results of Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) in single large-volume center.Methods: Clinical and follow-up data of 46 patients who were diagnosed as Xp11.2 translocation RCC and undertook surgical intervention was retrospectively reviewed.Result: Forty-six Xp11.2 RCC patients were identified from 4218 renal tumor patients who were undertook surgery in our center from Jan. 2014 to Apr. 2020. The incidence of Xp11.2 RCCs in our center was 1.09%. During a median follow-up period of 30.5 months, 4 patients died of the disease. The total median overall survival and cancer specific survival was 30.0 months and 24.0 months. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year overall survival was 97.4%, 88.8%, and 88.8% relatively. In multivariable analysis, displaying symptoms when diagnosed (p=0.019), lymph node metastasis (p=0.002) and distal metastasis (p=0.020) were identified as risk factors of poor prognosis.Conclusion: Xp11.2 translocation RCC is a type of renal cell carcinoma with relatively low incidence and various prognosis. Early stage Xp11.2 RCCs have similar prognosis to most typical RCCs but late stage Xp11.2 RCCs can lead to poor oncological outcomes.
Early skin-to-skin contact after caesarean section: A randomized clinical pilot study investigating effects on newborn feeding outcomes, maternal emotional wellbeing and oxytocin levels
Authors: Kollmann M. , Aldrian L. , Mautner E. , Scheuchenegger A. , Herzog S. A. , Urlesberger B. , Lang U. , Aigner R. , Klaritsch P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Early bonding by skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is considered to be beneficial following vaginal delivery. Aim: We aimed to examine the impact of intraoperative bonding during caesarean section on maternal oxytocin levels, newborn feeding outcomes and maternal emotional wellbeing.Methods: We performed a prospective, randomized-controlled pilot study, which took place at a single academic tertiary hospital between September 2013 and January 2014. Pregnant women were recruited and randomly assigned to intraoperative (“early”) SCC (n=17) versus postoperative (“late”) SCC (n=18). We investigated maternal oxytocin levels, breastfeeding and newborn feeding outcomes as well as maternal emotional wellbeing.Findings: We found, that maternal oxytocin levels were comparable between the ‘Early SSC Group’ and the ‘Late SSC Group’ at each time point. Newborn drinking volume did not differ significantly on the second (p=0.213) and fourth (p=0.986) day after birth and the necessity of formula supplementation was similar in both groups (p=0.1). There were no significant differences in depressive symptoms and bonding behavior between the ‘Early SSC Group’ and the ‘Late SSC Group’. Discussion: Our study did not reveal significant differences regarding the investigated parameters. However, this needs to be further evaluated in a larger prospective randomized trial.Conclusion: Maternal oxytocin levels, breastfeeding and newborn feeding outcomes, and maternal emotional wellbeing seem to be unvaried by early SSC after caesarean section. TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov (10/07/2013; NCT01894880)review board approved the protocol (25-425 ex 12/13)
Disinsertion- Distal Myektomi and Tucking of Inferior Oblique Combined with Superior Oblique Full Tendon Advancement in Superior Oblique Palsy.
Authors: KAYA Burçin , BEĞENDİ Diğdem , AKDERE Burçin , DURANOĞLU Yaşar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the first results of disinsertion-distal myektomi and tucking of inferior oblique muscle combined with full tendon advancement of superior oblique muscle in the patients with Knapp II or III superior oblique palsy.METHODS: Disinsertion-distal myectomy and tucking of inferior oblique muscle combined Superior oblique muscle full tendon advancement surgery were performed under general anesthesia on 16 eyes of 13 patients with Knapp Class II or III superior oblique muscle palsy who were involved in the study. Before and after surgery, the degree of vertical deviation in the primary position, abnormal head position, the presence of diplopia, the amount of inferior oblique muscle hyperfunction and superior oblique muscle hypofunction, and the degree of torsion were examined, and the differences were compared. RESULTS: In the preoperative period, twelve of the cases had abnormal head position and two had diplopia. The difference between the preoperative and postoperative period, the amount of the inferior oblique muscle hyperfunction and the superior oblique muscle hypofunction, the degree of vertical deviation in the primary position, and the amount of torsion were found statistically significant (p <0.01).CONCLUSION: According to the first results, disinsertion-resection and tucking of inferior oblique muscle combined superior oblique muscle full tendon advancement surgery was an effective procedure in the patient with congenital and acquired Knapp Class II or III superior oblique muscle palsy.
Superoxide Dismutase 2 As A Predictor In Patients With Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Liu Huihui , Lyu Hui , Jiang Xuemei , Wang Li , Li Haiming , Wei Xuefei , Li Linlin , Zhu Jinyu , Fan Yuchen , Wang Kai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The prognosis of hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is critical in clinical management. We aimed to assess the prognostic efficacy of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) for 90-day mortality in HBV-ACLF patients. The expression patterns of SOD2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were examined in a derivation set (n = 82) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results were further validated in a validation set (n = 35). The expression levels of SOD2 were significantly decreased in the derivation set compared to those with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) or the healthy controls (HCs) (P < 0.001). In HBV-ACLF patients, SOD2 levels were negatively correlated with serum total bilirubin (TBIL) (rs = -0.43, P < 0.001) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores (rs = -0.22, P = 0.047), but positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase (AKP) (rs = 0.23, P = 0.034). SOD2 was identified as an independent risk factor for 90-day mortality in HBV-ACLF patients (hazard ratio: 0.124, 95% confidence interval: 0.059-0.261, P < 0.001). SOD2 yielded a larger area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) than the MELD score in predicting 90-day mortality (0.914 versus 0.712, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a favorable overall survival (OS) for the SOD2 high expression group compared with the SOD2 low expression group in both the derivation and validation sets (P < 0.001). SOD2 has promising potential as a predictor of 90-day mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF.
The Value Of Metal Clips In Transcatheter Arterial Embolization For Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Zhu Yinong , Yang Wenjuan , Zhang Yuyan , Ye Liansong , Hu Bing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: Acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB) is a common clinical emergency. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is usually used to locate the bleeding site and provide interventional embolization. During TAE, there is a low positive rate of angiography, and localization of the culprit vessel is difficult. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the role of preplaced metal clips in TAE for ANVUGIB patients.Materials and Methods: Patients with ANVUGIB in whom bleeding sites were identified endoscopically and treated with TAE from January 1st, 2005 to July 1st, 2021 were retrospectively included. According to the presence or absence of preplaced metal clips, they were divided into two groups. The main outcome measurements included the clinical success rate and rebleeding rate. Secondary outcome measurements included the mortality rate and the need for surgery. Predictors of the clinical success rate were assessed with univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results: A total of 102 patients were included in this study, and all of them had undergone arterial embolization. There were 73 cases in the group with metal clips and 29 cases in the group without metal clips with consistent baseline information. The group with metal clips had a higher clinical success rate (82.2% vs. 45.0%, P<0.001), lower rebleeding rate (8.2% vs 27.6%, P=0.039) and additional surgery rate (11.0% vs 20.7%, P<0.001) than the group without metal clips. In univariate analysis, ROCKALL score and preplaced metal clip marking were shown to affect clinical success rate. In multivariate analysis, metal clip marking was found to facilitate clinical success (OR=3.750, 95CI=1.456-9.659, P=0.004).Conclusion: In ANVUGIB patients, preplaced metal clips could improve the clinical success rate of TAE and reduce the mortality rate and the risk of rebleeding.
Cerebral Cortex Structure Changes And Their Correlation With Cognitive Function In Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Wu Chuan , Liu Yuan , Gao Mingquan , Luo Liping , Lai Xin , Fang Zengyi , Wu Zifei , Che Yurou , Yang Man , Li Kezhen , Dong Li , Wang Weidong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To assess differences in cerebral cortex structure changes between lung cancer and healthy controls, and to analyze their correlation with cognitive function. 33 patients diagonosed with primary lung cancer have been enrolled in a prospective study. Before starting treatment and 2-4 months after recieving treatment, the patients underwent assessment of cognitive function, and activities of daily living, as well as a T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The patients were compaired with 33 sex, age and education-matched healthy controls. Neuropsychological assessment, MoCA and Tail Making Test (TMT), shows that 78.8% of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients had mild to moderate cognitive impairment. patients' visual space and executive ability deteriorated after treatment (t=2.66, d=0.66, P=0.02). At baseline, some cerebral cortex of frontal, temporal and parietal lobes were atrophied, especially anterior central gyrus, rostral middle frontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus and temporal pole. After treatment, the rostral middle frontal cortex of the right brain was further atrophied (P＜0.005). There was a positively correlation between atrophied cortical thickness in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients and the score of part A of TMT. Temporal pole volume was positively correlated with naming (r=0.39, P=0.03) and language (r=0.43, P=0.02), while middle temporal gyrus was positively correlated with attention (r=0.39, P=0.03) and orientation (r=0.39, P=0.04). In summary, this study suggests that cancer itself and treatment lead to cognitive impairment, as well as cortical thickness and volume reduction, and cerebral cortex structure changes are correlated with cognitive function. Confirming the existence of cancer-related cognitive impairment and cancer-related brain injury.
Breaking Symmetry of Single-Atom Catalysts Enables Extremely Low Energy Barrier and High Stability for Large-Current-Density Water Splitting
Authors: Mu Xueqin , Gu Xiangyao , Dai Shipeng , Chen Jiabing , Chen Qu , Yu Min , Chen Changyun , Chen Wenxing , Liu Suli , Mu Shichun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The instability and low large-current-density efficiency for a single atomic metal species system have aroused widespread concern. Herein, the Ru single-atom system constructed on iron–cobalt layered double hydroxide (Rux SACs@FeCo-LDH) exhibits extremely low oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotentials of 194 and 246 mV at current densities of 10 and 1000 mA cm− 2, respectively, and high stability beyond 1000 h at 1000 mA cm− 2, far surpassing commercial RuO2. Moreover, its mass activity is ∼2 and 6 times higher than that of Ru and FeCo-LDH, respectively. Extraordinarily, it only needs 1.52 V to achieve 1000 mA cm− 2 current densities for water-splitting, and is almost unchanged after 1000 h, as the highest performance reported so far. Experimental and theoretical calculation results evidence that, partial substitution of oxophilic-Ru atoms to FeCo-LDH triggers the reconstruction at symmetry breaking interfaces, promoting O-O coupling at Ru-O active sites for OER, beneficial for suppressing multiple heteroatomic interface instability under large-current-density water-splitting. Our strategy opens up opportunities for lifting single-atom stability in industrial-scale hydrogen production from water-splitting.
Rim plate in the treatment of hyperextension tibial plateau fracture: surgical technique and a series of cases
Authors: Li Ting , Sun Zhijian , Liu Yabo , Mao Yujiang , Li Weihua , Guo Qi , Li Shaoliang , Li Changrun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: “Bare aera” at the anterior plateau was existed with anteromedial and/or anterolateral proximal tibial locking plates fixation in the treatment of hyperextension tibial plateau fractures (HTPF). The aim of this study was to introduce the rim plate fixation technique and evaluate its clinical effect.Methods: HTPF patients treated with rim plate combined with proximal tibial locking plate in our hospital between April 2015 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed up for a minimum of one year. Open reduction and internal fixation through anteromedial/posteromedial and/or anterolateral approaches was performed for all patients. Surgical strategies of rim plate fixation were introduced. And Radiographic and Clinical outcomes were assessed.Results: A total of 13 patients were enrolled. The average follow-up time was 4.3 years. Satisfactory reduction was achieved and radiographically maintained in all patients. And Satisfactory clinical functions were observed in all patients with a mean HSS knee score of 96.2±2.0 (range: 90-98). No wound complications and implant breakage were observed in this series.Conclusion: The combined use of rim plate and proximal tibial plate resulted in an effective fixation configuration that led to satisfactory clinical outcomes.
Sufficient conditions for an eigenmanifold to be of the extended Rosenberg type
Authors: Santina Cosimo Della , Wotte Yannik , Sachtler Arne , Albu-Scäffer Alin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Research in nonlinear modal analysis deals with the extension of linear modes to nonlinear mechanical systems. eigenmanifolds are a recent addition to this field. Pursuing a geometrical viewpoint, they generalize modes to nonlinear mechanical systems with non-constant inertia tensors (e.g., robots, biomechanical models). This work aims at shading light on the connection between this new definition and the well-known extended Rosenberg modes. A key feature of extended Rosenberg modes is that all the associated modal oscillations must intersect at the same point. This appears to be a robust property of oscillations arising when the inertia tensor is constant (Euclidean case).

Nevertheless, this symmetry is soon broken when the tensor is configuration-dependent. This paper provides sufficient conditions for this property to be conserved in the non-Euclidean domain, establishing a bridge between the Rosenberg theory and eigenmanifolds. The condition appears to be tight since violating it meant to lose the symmetry in all the tested cases.