bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case fatality and mortality rates, socio‐demographic profile, and clinical features of COVID‐19 in the elderly population: A population‐based registry study in Iran
Authors: Esmaeili Elham D. , Fakhari Ali , Naghili Behrouz , Khodamoradi Farzad , Azizi Hosein 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe aimed to investigate COVID‐19 case fatality rate (CFR), mortality, and screening in the older population of East Azerbaijan Province. We conducted a population‐based registry study from Death Registration System in the elderly population (N = 433 445) from the outbreak that emerged up to May 30, 2021 (before vaccination). We analyzed CFR and mortality rates due to COVID‐19 as well as the case findings and characteristics in the elderly population. Logistic regression analysis was carried out for the association between COVID‐19 mortality and effective factors. During the study, the province had 18 079 confirmed cases and 4390 deaths. The male to female CFR risk ratio was 3.2. The overall CFR and mortality rates were 24% and 1%, respectively. CFR and mortality ranged from 9.56% to 0.37% in the 60–64 age group to 70% and 2.6% in the age group ≥85 years, respectively. We found a significant trend in CFR and mortality of COVID‐19 with advanced age. Male sex, advanced age, marital status, and living alone were associated with an increased risk of COVID‐19 fatality. COVID‐19 mortality measures were higher in the older population of this province. Advanced treatment supports and interventions are needed to reduce mortality rates of COVID‐19 in the elderly population.
Every Sherlock needs a Dr. Watson: A theory of creativity catalysts in organizations
Authors: Koseoglu Gamze , Shalley Christina E. , Lemoine G. James 
Published: January 2022

SummaryThis research investigates when certain coworkers can serve as “catalysts” to enhance the creative performance of others. We draw on social capital theory and the ability‐motivation framework to focus on the characteristics of potential catalysts and the facets of relationships between catalysts and creators. We hypothesized and found that the strength of the relationship between a catalyst and a creator has a positive association with the intensity of the catalyst's contribution to the creator's creative performance. In addition, this contribution is stronger if the catalyst himself/herself is creative, and counter to our hypothesis if the catalyst has access to the same contacts as the creator (i.e., high dyadic redundancy). Later, we turned our attention from the intensity of contribution between a catalyst and a creator to the total catalytic contribution that a creator receives from all their catalysts. We predicted and found an inverted U‐shaped relationship, such that although it is beneficial to receive help from catalysts up to a certain point, receiving excessive levels of catalytic contributions can be detrimental to employees' creative performance. We discuss the implications of our findings and explore how our results indicate a meaningful although mostly overlooked phenomenon in creativity research.
The effect of fertilizer type on nitrogen uptake by maize from recently formed soil organic matter#
Authors: Pedersen Ingeborg Frøsig , Hansen Janni , Peixoto Leanne , Enggrob Kirsten Lønne , Kuzyakov Yakov , Rasmussen Jim 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSoil organic matter (SOM) formed under legume‐based grasslands may serve as an important source of nitrogen (N) for subsequent maize growth.AimWe aimed at studying effects of fertilizer type (organic and mineral N and phosphorus (P) fertilizers) on N release from recently formed SOM and N utilization by plants.MethodsThe effects of mineral and organic (meat and bone meal) N and P fertilization on SOM turnover were examined under maize (Zea mays L.) on a sand loamy typic hapludult in an outdoor pot experiment over 55 days. The plant uptake of N derived from recently formed SOM was investigated by dual labeling this SOM pool with 15N and 13C.ResultsOrganic and mineral fertilized maize acquired similar amounts of N derived from recently formed SOM, which was twice as high as for unfertilized plants. Rhizosphere soil with organic fertilizer had higher 13C loss than unplanted soil, whereas no extra 13C was lost under mineral fertilization. On the contrary, a lower 13C loss from planted compared to unplanted soil was observed in unfertilized soil.ConclusionsBoth mineral and organic fertilizers increased plant growth and N uptake, whereas only organic fertilizers accelerated SOM turnover in the rhizosphere as compared to bulk soil. Thus, this study implies that the fertilizer types differently affected the mechanisms controlling the utilization of N bound in recently formed SOM.
Predicting tea tree oil distillate composition using portable spectrometric technology
Authors: Gloerfelt‐Tarp Francine , Mieog Jos C. , Bigland Mark , Wheeler Simon , Palmer William M. , Kretzschmar Tobias 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCommercial tea tree oil (TTO) has to conform chemically to the international standard ISO4730: 2017, which defines acceptable ranges for the 15 main terpenoids therein. Lack of in‐house capacity for the technology typically required for terpenoid quantification (GC‐FID) necessitates that Australian TTO producers outsource the analyses to commercial service providers. This is associated with high cost and slow turnaround times, which have been recognized as limiting factors for TTO process optimization in the areas of quality assurance, distillation and blending. This paper describes the testing of two custom portable Raman devices with different lasers (785 and 1064 nm) for the relative quantification of the 15 main TTO components using model‐based predictions. Initial testing showed that the 1064‐nm device provided superior data for TTO predictions. Machine‐learning algorithms were trained with spectral data from the 1064‐nm device and corresponding GC‐FID data from 214 TTO samples. Hold‐over validation (HV) correlations between actual and predicted values using up to 53 unseen samples showed r2 at or above 0.92 for 10 and at or above 0.95 for 6 of the 15 specified terpenoids. The highly abundant key TTO quality compound terpinen‐4‐ol showed an HV r2 of 0.96 with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.37%, whereas the lowly abundant key compound 1,8‐cineole showed an HV r2 of 1.00 with a RMSE of 0.13%. These results indicated a strong potential for Raman spectrometry to provide real‐time product quality data at TTO distillation sites enabling direct feedback control and process optimisations.
Resonance Raman and polarized Raman scattering of single‐crystal hematite
Authors: Marshall C. P. , Dufresne William J. B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractResearchers have demonstrated that the Raman spectra collected on hematite nanoparticles undergo an intensity enhancement, due to a dependence on excitation energy. Especially, the bands at approximately 660 and approximately 1320 cm−1, which are assigned as the 1LO and 2LO modes, respectively, experience the strongest intensity enhancement, which has been attributed to resonance Raman scattering when excited with excitation energy at or close to the band gap. However, the resonance Raman scattering mechanism is not clear and further has not been experimentally determined. To this end, we have undertaken measurements to examine the excitation energy dependence and polarized Raman scattering on a pure single‐crystal of hematite to gain a better understanding of the resonance enhancement mechanism for the 1LO and 2LO modes. Resonance enhancement mechanisms giving rise to LO phonons in semiconductors can be attributed to either the deformation potential (DP) or Fröhlich interactions (F) scattering, or a combination of the two. The DP and F contributions that give rise to LO phonon scattering in semiconductors are distinguishable due to their contrasting selection rules. Here, employing these selection rules, we conducted the following polarization Raman scattering measurements:
,
,
,
,
,
, and
on single‐crystal hematite to distinguish between DP (dipole‐allowed) and F (dipole‐forbidden) scattering. Our polarization experiments strongly suggest that the Fröhlich LO phonon interaction dominates the Raman scattering over the weaker DP contribution. Furthermore, polarization experiments collected using the following geometries
and
demonstrate that the interference between dipole‐allowed and dipole‐forbidden Raman scattering is constructive for LO phonons. Therefore, we attribute the mechanism of resonance Raman scattering of the 1LO and 2LO modes in the Raman spectrum of hematite due to contributions from F and DP processes.
BECOMING A COURAGEOUS, NET POSITIVE LEADER
Authors: Polman Paul , Winston Andrew 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe authors bring years of experience to the task of writing about net positive leaders. Polman was the CEO of Unilever from 2009 to 2019, and Winston is a leading adviser on sustainable business strategy, who co‐authored a recent book with Polman. They discuss leaders who have taken courageous stands on social issues, beginning with an anecdote about Ed Stack, who was CEO/Chief Executive Officer of Dick's Sporting Goods in 2018, at the time of the Parkland, Florida school shootings. They write that “key stakeholders, and especially employees, are demanding that companies take a stand. Because of these changing norms and expectations, companies are increasingly wading into thorny debates about LGBTQ rights, guns, immigration, climate policy, racial equality, and more.” The authors discuss “five critical traits that help create and distinguish a net positive leader,” which in their words are: A sense of purpose; Empathy, humility, and humanity; Courage; The ability to inspire; and Openness to deep collaboration. In the first point, they write: “Tackling the biggest issues, such as fighting against climate change, or for justice and equality, while doing business well, is not easy work. Work is not always fun, but it's much easier when you feel that you have meaning.”
Nature‐Mimic Tough Helicoidal Composites with Aligned Short Carbon Fibers by 3D Printing
Authors: Wang Jianye , Li Na , Fu Kunkun , Li Yan , Yang Bin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis work develops nature‐inspired tough helicoidal composites with aligned short carbon fibers by 3D printing. The alignment of short carbon fibers (SCF) in the composite is achieved by shear flow during 3D printing process. First, unidirectional composites with aligned SCFs are prepared with various fiber contents ranging from 2 wt% to 10 wt%. It is found that the shear strength of the unidirectional composites with the SCFs perpendicular to the shear loading is the highest at a fiber content of 10 wt%, 46% higher than that of the pristine nylon. Then, helicoidal composites with four helical angles (i.e., 0°, 30°, 45° and 90°) are prepared using 3D printing. The impact testing results show that the impact toughness highly depends on the build orientation. The impact toughness of the composites with on‐edge build orientation is significantly greater than those with flat build orientation. The greatest impact toughness of the helicoidal composites is achieved at a helical angle of 45° with a value of 31.9±4.4 kJ m−2, which is mainly attributed to misaligned fiber plane‐induced crack deflection, forcing cracks to advance in multiple planes under impact.
Preparation of Fluorine‐Free Waterproof and Breathable Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes via Thiol‐ene Click Reaction
Authors: Tian Lulu , Ren Gaihuan , Zhang Pan , Li Bo , Chang Shuzhen , Yu Hongqin , Wang Rongwu , He Jianxin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractClothes that are comfortable and functional are important in daily life; however, the manufacture of fluorine‐free functional fabrics with excellent waterproofness and breathability using simple and environmentally friendly methods still presents several technical challenges. Currently, the ultraviolet (UV) radiation‐initiated thiol‐ene click reaction is used for the construction of hydrophobic surfaces due to its high efficiency and the mild reaction conditions involved. Therefore, in this work, the electrospinning technique and the UV‐initiated thiol‐ene click reaction to introduce hydrophobic octadecanethiol (thiol) and 2,4,6,8‐tetramethyl‐2,4,6,8‐tetra‐vinylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMTVSi) into the silicon‐based polyurethane/polymethyl methacrylate (Si‐PU/PMMA) nanofibrous membranes is combined. After UV irradiation, the sulfhydryl groups of the thiol react with the carbon–carbon double bond of the TMTVSi, resulting in cross‐linking between the nanofibers. The fluorine‐free Si‐PU/PMMA/TMTVSi‐thiol‐30 waterproof and breathable electrospun nanofibrous membranes are observed to show excellent properties, which include a hydrostatic pressure of 64.43 kPa, water vapor transmittance (WVT) rate of 7879 g m−2 d−1, and robust tensile stress of 10.04 MPa, all of which enable the membrane to be widely used in the field of protective garments and oil–water separation.
Retracted: Development of a Highly Sensitive Wearable Tactile Sensor on Fabric by Using Conductive Inks Based on Electrical Contact Resistance (ECR) Change Mechanism
Authors: Chen Wei‐Lin , Karmakar Rajat Subhra , Liao Ying‐Chih , Lu Yen‐Wen 
Published: January 2022

Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2021, 306, 2100130https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202100130The above article, published online on 17 June 2021 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal's Editor‐in‐Chief, David Huesmann, and Wiley‐VCH GmbH. The retraction has been agreed due to a non‐disclosed previous publication of data in this article that, had the editorial team been made aware of upon submission, would have affected the likelihood of the article being considered further. As a result, the journal has made the decision to retract this article.
On convergence of spectral expansions of Dirac operators with regular boundary conditions
Authors: Makin Alexander 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpectral problems for the Dirac operator with regular but not strongly regular boundary conditions and complex‐valued potential summable over a finite interval are considered. The purpose of this paper is to find conditions under which the root function system forms a usual Riesz basis rather than a Riesz basis with parentheses.
Ultrasound‐Mediated Release of Gaseous Signaling Molecules for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Fang Yuanmeng , Cheng Jian , Shen Zhiqiang , You Tao , Ding Shenggang , Hu Jinming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been considered as notorious gas pollutants for decades, they are considered as endogenous gaseous signaling molecules (GSMs), which have been widely recognized for their important signaling functions and prominent medical applications in human physiology. To achieve local delivery of GSMs to optimize therapeutic efficacy and reduce systemic side effects, stimuli‐responsive nanocarriers have been successfully developed. Among them, ultrasound is considered as an attractive theranostic modality that can be used to track drug carriers, trigger drug release, and improve drug deposition, etc. In this minireview, recent achievements in designing ultrasound‐responsive nanocarriers for the controlled delivery of GSMs and their biomedical applications are summarized. This emerging research direction enables the controlled delivery of GSMs to deep tissues, and the combination of ultrasound imaging techniques offers many possibilities for the fabrication of new theranostic platforms.
BODIPY Cored A−D−A'−D−A Type Nonfused‐Ring Electron Acceptor for Efficient Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Song Xiaochen , Xu Yuanyuan , Tao Xianwang , Gao Xuyu , Wu Yijing , Yu Ruitao , He Yinming , Tao Youtian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work, boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) is for the first time employed as electron‐deficient core (A’) to construct an A–D–A’–D–A type nonfused‐ring electron acceptor (NFREA) for polymer solar cells (PSCs). Among, cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) and fluorinated dicyanoindanone (DFIC) are involved as electron‐donating (D) bridges and terminal A groups, respectively. Bearing with the steric BODIPY core, tMBCIC exhibits twisted configuration with dihedral angles >45° between BODIPY and CPDT bridges. Thus, compared with the BODIPY‐free planar A–D–D–A structured bCIC, reduced aggregation, weakened intramolecular D–A interactions with up‐shifted lowest unoccupied molecular orbital by 0.4 eV as well as blueshifted absorption by up to 150 nm is observed in tMBCIC. Moreover, owing to the intrinsic large molar extinction coefficient from BODIPY, promoted light‐harvest ability is achieved for tMBCIC, particularly in its blend films. Therefore, PSCs by using PBDB‐T as donor, tMBCIC as NFREA afford superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.22% and higher open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.954 V compared to 4.47% and 0.739 V from bCIC‐devices. Moreover, compared to other BODIPY‐flanked electron acceptors (<5%) reported so far, BODIPY‐cored tMBCIC realizes a remarkable progress in PCE.
Upcycling Waste Polyethylene into Carbon Nanomaterial via a Carbon‐Grown‐on‐Carbon Strategy
Authors: Jia Manman , Bai Huiying , Liu Ning , Hao Liang , He Panpan , Fan Zifen , Liu Jie , Niu Ran , Gong Jiang , Tang Tao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUpcycling waste plastics (e.g., polyethylene (PE)) into value‐added carbon products is regarded as a promising approach to address the increasingly serious waste plastic pollution and simultaneously achieve carbon neutrality. However, developing new carbonization technology routes to promote the oxidation of PE at low temperature and construct the stable cross‐linking network remains challenging. Here, a facile carbon‐grown‐on‐carbon strategy is proposed using carbon black (CB) to convert waste PE into core/shell carbon nanoparticles (CN) in high yields at low temperature. The yield of CN remarkably increases when the heating temperature decreases or the dosage of CB increases. The obtained CN displays turbostratic structure and closely aggregated granular morphology with a size of ≈80 nm. It is found that, prior to the oxidation and carbonization of PE, CB forms a 3D network architecture in the PE matrix. More importantly, CB not only catalyzes the partial oxidation of PE to form PE macromolecular radicals and introduce oxygen‐containing groups at low temperature in the early stage, but also favors for the construction of a stable cross‐linking network in the latter stage. This work offers a facile sustainable strategy for chemical upcycling of PE into value‐added carbon products without post‐treatments or usage of metallic catalysts.
Structure Regulation of Block Copolymer Assemblies in Emulsion Droplets by Adding a Selective Solvent
Authors: Geng Zhen , Liu Jingye , Guo Qi , Mao Xi , Chen Senbin , Deng Renhua , Zhu Jintao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGenerally, nanostructured polymer particles are prepared by 3D confined self‐assembly (3D‐CSA) of block copolymers (BCPs), while micelles are obtained through self‐assembly of BCPs in dilute solutions. Herein, a facile yet robust strategy is developed to regulate the assembled structures of BCP, poly(styrene‐block‐4‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐b‐P4VP), from nanostructured particles to micelles. The assemblies are prepared by an emulsion‐solvent diffusion‐induced self‐assembly route, which is conducted by dialysis. A key feature of this strategy is that a P4VP‐selective solvent (e.g., ethanol) is added to the dialysate to tune the interfacial behavior of the droplets and assembled structures of PS‐b‐P4VP. The authors’ results reveal that in the presence of slight ethanol, the surface and internal structural transitions of nanostructured particles are caused by changes in the interfacial selectivity and packing parameter. Interestingly, interfacial instability, which results in the formation of micelles, is observed when the dialysate contains 50 vol% ethanol or more. The reason can be ascribed to the decreased interface tension, which is induced by the increase in ethanol and enhanced solubility of P4VP. This facile strategy provides a new opportunity to bridge the gap between traditional 3D‐CSA and solution self‐assembly of BCPs, offering a promising route to engineer morphologies and nanostructures of polymeric assemblies.
Acute myeloid leukemia due to germline CEBPA mutation in a Syrian family
Authors: Wafa Abdulsamad , Ali Belal , Moassass Faten , Kheder Maged , Aljapawe Abdulmunim , Al‐Halabi Bassel , Mrasek Kristin , Liehr Thomas , Al‐Achkar Walid 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundFamilial cases of adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with germline‐mutated CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein‐α (CEBPA) gene are a rare entity classified in World Health Organization (WHO) classification 2016. Most families reported in the literature show an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern consistent with a single‐gene mutation.MethodsHere we studied a Syrian family with four individuals suffering from AML for CEBPA gene mutations by Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe father, his three affected, and one yet unaffected child had the same mutation in the N‐terminal region of CEBPA (c.198dupC), resulting in termination at Tyr67Leufs*41. All affected family members had a good primary response to chemotherapy and achieved complete remission.ConclusionOverall, another AML family with CEBPA gene mutation is added to the literature, presenting with yet unreported FAB subtype M5 and absence of CD7 expression in some family members.
Survey of lower urinary tract symptoms in United States women using the new lower urinary tract dysfunction research Network‐Symptom Index 29 (LURN‐SI‐29) and a national research registry
Authors: Smith Ariana L. , Chen Jingwen , Wyman Jean F. , Newman Diane K. , Berry Amanda , Schmitz Kathryn , Stapleton Ann E. , Klusaritz Heather , Lin George , Stambakio Hanna , Sutcliffe Siobhan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeAn online bladder health survey was administered to national registry volunteers to: (1) determine the feasibility of using ResearchMatch for studying lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS); (2) pilot the new, comprehensive Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network Symptom Index‐29 (LURN‐SI‐29) and determine its ability to detect known associations with LUTS; and (3) explore novel areas of bladder health in community‐based women.MethodsA cross‐sectional web‐based survey was administered to a random sample of ResearchMatch adult female, transgender and non‐binary volunteers. Participant demographics, health characteristics, the LURN‐SI‐29, and LUTS‐related experiences were collected.ResultsA total of 1725 ReseachMatch volunteers with a mean age of 44.0 years completed the study and were eligible for the analysis. Participants were primarily white, cisgendered, highly educated, nulliparous, and premenopausal. The median LURN‐SI‐29 score was 17 (interquartile range: 11–26). More than half the sample reported urinary urgency (71.0%), nocturia (65.7%), and stress incontinence (52.3%) a “few times” or more in the last 7 days. Approximately half reported sensation of incomplete bladder emptying (49.6%) with one‐third reporting urgency incontinence (37.6%); notably, 52.6% of respondents reported being at least “somewhat” bothered by LUTS. LURN‐SI‐29 scores increased with age, body mass index, decrements in self‐reported health, medical comorbidity, parity, menopausal status, and urinary symptom bother, providing evidence of convergent validity. LURN‐SI‐29 scores varied by race and education, with the lowest scores in Asian and highly educated women.ConclusionOverall, the prevalence and spectrum of LUTS in an online research registry of women volunteers were high and comparable to other population‐based samples. The new LURN‐SI‐29 demonstrated its ability to detect expected associations with demographic and health characteristics in a nonclinical population.