bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between the serum triglyceride-glucose index and pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation and plaque features using dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography: a cross- sectional study
Authors: Ma Yue , Zhen Yanhua , Wang Min , Gao Lingfeng , Dang Yuxue , Shang Jin , Chen Xujiao , Ma Shaowei , Zhou Ke , Feng Kai , Xin Yang , Hou Yang , Guo Chuanji 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is an independent predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the relationships between the TyG index, pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT), and atherosclerotic plaque characteristics remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated these associations.
Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients with chest pain who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography using spectral detector computed tomography at our institution from June 2021 to December 2021. The patients were grouped based on their TyG index levels: T1 (low), T2 (medium), and T3 (high). Each patient was assessed for total plaque volume, plaque load, maximum stenosis, the plaque component volume proportion, high-risk plaques, and plaque characteristics (including low attenuation plaques, positive remodeling, a napkin ring sign, and spot calcification). PCAT quantification was performed on the proximal right coronary artery using the fat attenuation index (FAI) measured from a conventional multicolor computed tomography image (FAI120kVp), a spectral virtual single-energy image (FAI40keV), and the slope of the spectral HU curve (λHU).
Results: We enrolled 201 patients. The proportion of patients with maximum plaque stenosis, positive remodeling, low-density plaques, and high-risk plaques increased as the TyG index level increased. Moreover, the FAI40keV and λHU significantly differed among the three groups, and we identified good positive correlations between FAI40keV and λHU and the TyG index (r = 0.319, P <0.01 and r = 0.325, P <0.01, respectively). FAI120kVp did not differ among the groups. FAI40keV had the highest area under the curve, with an optimal cutoff value of −130.5 HU for predicting a TyG index value of ≥ 9.13. The multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that FAI40keV and λHU were independently positively related to a high TyG index level (standardized regression coefficients: 0.117 [P <0.001] and 0.134 [P <0.001], respectively).
Conclusions: Patients with chest pain and a higher TyG index level were more likely to have severe stenosis and high-risk plaques. Moreover, FAI40keV and λHU had good correlations with the serum TyG index, which may noninvasively reflect PCAT inflammation under insulin resistance. These results may help explain the mechanisms related to plaque progression and instability in patients with insulin resistance.
Impact of essential oils on the seed quality and the seed-borne pathogens of Althea officinalis
Authors: Terzić Dragan , Tabaković Marijenka , Oro Violeta , Poštić Dobrivoj , Štrbanović Ratibot , Stanisavljević Rade 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

The production of medicinal plants depends on two major factors: the seed quality and the presence of seed-borne pathogens. The use of conventional plant protection products is not allowed in organic production, and therefore such production is highly risky. In an attempt to find an environmentally-safe solution and the equilibrium between the seed germination and the presence of fungal pathogens, the impact of essential oils of oregano, cinnamon, basil, caraway, mint, and lavender, at concentrations of 0.002 to 1% on Althea officinalis seeds aged one, two and three years, has been investigated.

Results

The treatment with lavender essential oil at the concentration of 0.02% was the most effective in three-year-old seeds. This treatment increased both seed germination and seedling growth by 13% and 24–35%, respectively. It also reduced the presence of seed-borne fungal pathogens in the range from 53 to 100%.

Concuclusions

The results indicate the benefits of certain essential oils in crop production. They may provide more sustainable and successful cultivation of marshmallow crops, especially in organic production.
Using multi-agent system to build a smart workshop for achieving self-organized production
Authors: Zhang Zequn , Tang Dunbing , Cai Qixiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
At present, the manufacturing control system is expected to be more flexible and agile. Simultaneously, using a multi-agent manufacturing system has been considered as a fundamental approach to solving the problems of dynamics and uncertainty in the part processing environment. However, the difficulty in deployment and lack of global performance guarantee measures limit the use of the multi-agent system in actual manufacturing sites. For these issues, this paper proposes a technology of an “agent computing node” to improve the realization of a multi-agent control system for smart workshops and achieve self-organized control of production. Moreover, a supervisor layer for performance monitoring and rules adjustment is proposed and investigated. During production, the self-organizing rules of agent computing nodes in heterarchical control architecture are optimized in real-time through this layer so that the agent computing nodes are guided to make decisions that are beneficial to global performance.
Sporulation ability of C. perfringens isolates from meat curries available in eating houses within Colombo city of Sri Lanka in multiple sporulation media
Authors: Perera Manosha Lakmali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Clostridium perfringensis a well-known foodborne pathogen across the globe. Sporulation is of utmost importance in the growth curve of this anaerobic bacterium to withstand extreme environmental conditions and deprivation of nutrients. Present study was conducted to sporulate 78 of C. perfringensisolates obtained from meat curries available in eating houses within Colombo City, Sri Lanka using three sporulation media namely: Modified Duncan and Strong (MDS), Sporulation Broth (SB) and Duncan and Strong (DS). Other components were more or less same in these sporulation media but the slowly fermentable carbohydrate source was different in each media. Raffinose (MDS) was superior to soluble starch (SB) and starch (DS) stimulating sporulation of meat isolates. Modified Duncan and Strong medium was the most efficient of the three sporulation media with total of 41 meat isolates were sporulated when compared with 28 and 26 in SB and DS respectively. Sporulation was higher for chicken isolates 33(70.2%) than for beef isolates 15(48.4%).There was a statistically significant difference in sporulation of C.perfringens isolates from both chicken and beef curry isolates, in MDS when compared with DS and SB individually as well as combinations MDS vs. DS and MDS vs. SB (p<0.05). This study highlights the importance of optimizing these three media and usage of additional media to sporulate non sporulate C. perfringensisolates.
On the characterisation of cohesive interfaces by the mode I strain energy release ratio
Authors: Linke Max , Lammering Rolf 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For the evaluation of the double cantilever beam (DCB) test several approaches are applicable that can provide different results. This ambiguity can significantly affect numerical models which refer to experimentally obtained material parameters. In this work, different approaches for the test evaluation are presented. It is shown that equations derived from the beam theory give reasonable results and good agreement between experiments, numerical and analytical solutions. In this context, DCB tests of glass fibre reinforced polymer substrates with carbon nanotube enriched composites are conducted. A slight negative effect of the latter on the experimental results is found.
Differential effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease-causing mutations on amyloid precursor protein (APP) trafficking, proteolytic conversion, and synaptogenic activity
Authors: Schilling Sandra , Pradhan Ajay , Heesch Amelie , Helbig Andrea , Blennow Kaj , Koch Christian , Bertgen Lea , Koo Edward H , Brinkmalm Gunnar , Zetterberg Henrik , Kins Stefan , Eggert Simone 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:
The amyloid precursor protein (APP), a synaptic adhesion molecule, is a key player in Alzheimer`s disease (AD) and the precursor of the Aβ peptide, which is generated by consecutive cleavages of β- and γ-secretases. Familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) describes a hereditary subgroup of AD that represents a low percentage of AD cases with an early onset of the disease. Different APP FAD mutations are thought to have qualitatively different effects on its proteolytic conversion. However, few studies have explored the pathogenic and putative physiological differences in more detail. Here, we compared different FAD mutations, located at the β- (Swedish), α- (Flemish, Arctic, Iowa) or γ-secretase (Iberian) cleavage sites.
Methods:
We examined heterologous expression of APP in WT and FAD mutants (Swedish, Flemish, Arctic, Iowa, Iberian) in non-neuronal cells and their impact on presynaptic differentiation in contacting axons of co-cultured neurons. To decipher the underlying molecular mechanism, we tested the subcellular localization, the endocytosis rate and the proteolytic processing in detail by immunoprecipitation–mass spectrometry.
Results:
Interestingly, we found that only the Iberian mutation showed altered synaptogenic function. Furthermore, the APP Iowa FAD mutant shows significantly decreased α-secretase processing which is in line with our results that APP carrying the Iowa mutation was significantly increased in early endosomes. However, most interestingly, immunoprecipitation–mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the amino acid substitutions of APP in FAD mutants have a decisive impact on their processing changes reflected in altered Aβ profiles. Importantly, N-terminally truncated Aβ peptides starting at position 5 were detected preferentially for APP Flemish, Arctic, and Iowa mutants containing amino acid substitutions around the α -secretase cleavage site. The strongest change in the ratio of Aβ40/Aβ42 was observed for the Iberian mutation while APP Swedish showed a substantial increase in Aβ1–17 peptides.
Conclusions:
Together, our data indicate that familial AD mutations located at the α-, β-, and γ-secretase cleavage sites show considerable differences in the underlying pathogenic mechanisms.
Combined microfoam sclerotherapy and miniphlebectomy as an optimal method of treating varicose vein tributaries after endovenous laser ablation
Authors: Danelyan B. A. , Manjikian H. P. , Adyrkhaev Z. A. , Sapelkin S. V. , Isaev A. M. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The development of phlebology and mainstreaming of ultrasonic techniques has led to the emergence of microfoam sclerotherapy, which proved itself as a more effective technique. In the world literature, there are isolated publications that say about the effectiveness and safety of the microfoam sclerotherapy combined with mini-phlebectomy, but no specific studies comparing the combination treatment for the elimination of varicose syndrome with separate use of each of the techniques are described.Aim. To increase the effectiveness of invasive treatment and to reduce the rate of complications in patients with varicose veins using a combination of microfoam sclerotherapy and mini-phlebectomy of tributaries after endovenous laser ablation.Material and methods. Simple single- center, non-randomized, retrospective study was conducted at the A.K. Eramishantsev Moscow State Hospital. It included 52 patients with varicose veins (a total of 77 lower limbs, 22 patients had bilateral disease), who had no previous invasive treatment for this disease. They underwent endovenous laser ablation of truncal vein combined with microfoam sclerotherapy and mini-phlebectomy of tributaries. Microfoam sclerotherapy was performed with 0.5–2.0% of polidocanol foam, and mini-phlebectomy per Varady technique. The patients had a postprocedural follow-up clinical examination and duplex ultrasound the day after the intervention, then at 1, 6, and 12 months.Results. Endovenous laser ablation of truncal veins was acutely successful in all cases. No cases of great saphenous vein recanalization were detected in follow-up period. In the early postprocedural period, the combined microfoam sclerotherapy and miniphlebectomy also showed 100% success rate, however redo sclerotherapy was required in 4 (5.2%) cases for new varicose tributaries developed in late postprocedural period.Conclusion. Combined microfoam sclerotherapy and mini-phlebectomy, as a method of treatment for various veins syndrome, can provide additional benefit such as reducing the volume of mini-phlebectomy and the resultant tissue damage, the varicosity recurrence rate, the number of subcutaneous hematomas and ecchymoses, the discomfort of the tumescent anesthesia, the risk of postprocedural varicose veins thrombosis and pigmentation rate.
Features of laser therapy of venous trophic ulcers of the lower extremities in outpatient surgery
Authors: Sergeev N. A. , Sergeev A. N. , Morozov A. M. , Belyak M. A. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Trophic ulcers of venous etiology are a severe complication of chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities. At the same time, in most cases, ulcerative defects do not heal for a long time and are prone to recurrence, which leads to a significant deterioration in the quality of life of patients.Aim. To clarify the features of the effect of low-intensity laser radiation to determine the optimal conditions for conservative treatment of venous ulcerative defects.Materials and methods. A randomized prospective clinical trial was performed in which 126 patients with chronic venous insufficiency were monitored. During the conservative treatment of 44 patients of the comparison group, phlebotropic drugs, compression therapy, wound coverings and ointment dressings were used in the conservative treatment of trophic ulcers. In 82 patients of the main group, lowintensity laser radiation was used along with the methods described above.Results. Laser therapy in the complex treatment of venous trophic ulcers helps to reduce the number of microbial bodies vegetating on the surface of ulcerative defects, but does not significantly affect the sensitivity of microflora to antibacterial drugs. Low-intensity laser radiation certainly contributed to a significant and earlier increase in the number of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages on the surface of trophic ulcers, as well as activation of phagocytic activity of cells.Conclusion. Low-intensity laser radiation improves the results of conservative treatment of venous trophic ulcers, does not adversely affect the sensitivity of the isolated microflora to antibiotics and does not have a “direct” bactericidal effect.
A study of the influence of rainfall datasets' spatial resolution on stream simulation in Chaliyar River Basin, India
Authors: Senan Silpa , Thomas Jobin , Vema Vamsi Krishna , Jainet P. J. , Nizar Sinan , Sivan Shyama , Sudheer K. P. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Rainfall is a vital input to model watershed hydrology, and the availability of numerous gridded and point-observed rainfall datasets poses a major challenge to the modellers to choose the appropriate data. This study compares three gridded rainfall datasets (i.e., 1° × 1°, 0.5° × 0.5°, and 0.25° × 0.25°) and point rainfall observations of the India Meteorological Department (IMD) on the simulation of streamflow of a river basin in the southern Western Ghats (India) using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The results show that the different datasets lead to different optimal model parameter values and consequent water balance components, significantly in groundwater hydrology. The 0.5° × 0.5° and 0.25° × 0.25° datasets result in comparable SWAT model performances (NSE = 0.75 and 0.70, respectively), probably due to the similarity in the rain gauge network density employed for deriving the datasets and also due to the spatial discretization threshold used for sub-watershed delineation. However, the coarser resolution data (1° × 1°) results in poor performance (NSE = 0.21). The study suggests that the choice of rainfall data depends on the spatial resolution of the data and the spatial discretization threshold while compromising the computational requirement vis-à-vis simulation accuracy.
The challenges and treatment of abattoir effluents: a South African perspective
Authors: Moreroa Mabatho , Basitere Moses 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
South Africa's (SA's) water resources have been severely affected by the demand for meat products. The growing population has resulted in an increase in food production, increasing the number of abattoirs from 25 in 1988 to 420 in 2021. Organic matter is abundant in abattoir effluent, with chemical oxygen demand levels reaching 9,000 mg/L. To reach permissible discharge limits, various methods such as sequential bed reactor, granular sludge bed, membrane bioreactor, and membrane filtration have been adopted. However, some abattoirs do not meet municipal regulatory requirements. As a result, practical and cost-effective approaches such as biofilm reactors were developed to encourage abattoirs to employ water treatment technology. Bioreactor-based technologies have proven to be successful, with more than 90% efficiency. Fat, oil, and grease (FOG) are problematic in abattoir effluents as they emit odours, attract insects, and impair the biodegradability of wastewater. For this reason, hydrolysis using a novel agent (Eco-flush™) has shown to be an effective technique for decreasing FOG. During treatment, biogas produced by anaerobic degradation may be utilized as an energy source to alleviate SA's energy problem. This review aims to outline the challenges related to abattoir wastewater in SA and highlight the gaps associated with abattoir wastewater treatment.
Optimization of closed underflow mini-hydrocyclones for separating sand from well water by two indices of mass efficiency and cut diameter using the Taguchi method: a case study of Mashhad, Iran
Authors: Dehnavi Ali , Adelpour Naser 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, the Taguchi method was applied in order to design experiments and optimize the performance of mini-hydrocyclones by closed underflow for sand removal from well water. To optimize the hydrocyclones, two indices, mass removal efficiency and the cut diameter, were used. The first index analysis results showed that under the optimum conditions, the overall mass removal efficiency of solids will be up to 98.4%. An analysis of cut diameter data illustrated that under optimum conditions, the predicted cut diameter will be about 12.7 μm, while this diameter was estimated at about 16.3 μm under optimum mass removal efficiency conditions. The actual values of mass removal efficiency and cut diameter were determined at about 97.2 ± 1.1% and 14.5 ± 0.7 μm, respectively, for hydrocyclone manufacturing on the basis of mass removal optimum conditions. The use of the traditional estimation models such as Plitt, modified Plitt, Luz, and so on, which are applied for mining and mineral processing, illustrated that the estimated cut diameters were about 7.9, 8.4, 8.2, 0.45, and 2.33 μm, respectively. This estimation represented that these models are not suitable to predict the cut diameter of the hydrocyclone with closed underflow. Further investigation revealed that only the scale-increasing model could well predict a cut diameter of about 15.4 μm.
Improving the activities of the authorized economic operatorin the Eurasian economic union
Authors: Gevorkyan L. G. 
Published: November 2022

Moscow, RussiaThis article analyzes in detail the current state of the institution of an authorized economic operator (AEO) within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union, taking into account the identified urgent problems of customs regulation in this area. The relevance of the research topic is to increase the role of authorized economic operators as a tool for liberalizing and simplifying customs procedures, as well as establishing cooperation between participants in foreign economic activity and customs authorities. At the same time, the existing relations in the field of functioning of the AEO institute in the Eurasian Economic Union have not yet reached their perfection, and therefore, the issue of the development of this institute within the Union is of particular importance. The purpose of the study is to develop measures to optimize the activities of the institute of an authorized economic operator in the EAEU. In this regard, the definition of the term “authorized economic operator” was given and the trends in the development of AEO in world practice were analyzed. In the course of the practical analysis, the foreign trade activities of the JSC Firm “August”, which has the status of an authorized economic operator with a certificate of the third type, were directly considered, and the main advantages received by the company within the framework of the AEO status were also identified. As a result, problematic aspects of customs regulation of AEO activities in the EAEU were identified, including in terms of the application of special simplifications, as well as ways to solve them were proposed and promising directions for further development of the institute were outlined.
Potential of Nanotechnology-based Formulations in Combating Pulmonary
Infectious Diseases: A Current Scenario
Authors: Mazumder Rupa , Patel Manisha , Mishra Rakhi , Kant  Kaushik Kamal 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Pulmonary microbial infection is mainly caused by microbes like atypical bacteria,
viruses, and fungi, on both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. One of the demands of the present is the use
of nanotechnology-based treatments to fight various lung infections.

Aim:
The main aim of the study is to explore all pulmonary infectious diseases and to compare the advanced
and novel treatment approaches with the conventional methods which are available to treat infections.

Methods:
This work sheds light on pulmonary infectious diseases with their conventional and present treatment
approaches along with a focus on the advantageous roles of nano-based formulations. In the literature, it has
been reported that the respiratory system is the key target of various infectious diseases which gives rise to various
challenges in the treatment of pulmonary infections.

Results:
The present review article describes the global situation of pulmonary infections and the different
strategies which are available for their management, along with their limitations. The article also highlights the
advantages and different examples of nanoformulations currently combating the limitations of conventional
therapies.

Conclusion:
The content of the present article further reflects on the summary of recently published research
and review works on pulmonary infections, conventional methods of treatment with their limitations, and the
role of nano-based approaches to combat the existing infectious diseases which will jointly help the researchers
to produce effective drug formulations with desired pharmacological activities.