bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and outcomes of patients screened for transcatheter mitral valve implantation:1‐yearresults from theCHOICE‐MIregistry
Authors: Ben Ali Walid , Ludwig Sebastian , Duncan Alison , Weimann Jessica , Nickenig Georg , Tanaka Tetsu , Coisne Augustin , Vincentelli Andre , Makkar Raj , Webb John G. , Akodad Mariama , Muller David W.M. , Praz Fabien , Wild Mirjam G. , Hausleiter Jörg , Goel Sachin S. , von Ballmoos Moritz Wyler , Denti Paolo , Chehab Omar , Redwood Simon , Dahle Gry , Baldus Stephan , Adam Matti , Ruge Hendrik , Lange Rüdiger , Kaneko Tsuyoshi , Leroux Lionel , Dumonteil Nicolas , Tchetche Didier , Treede Hendrik , Flagiello Michele , Obadia Jean‐Francois , Walther Thomas , Taramasso Maurizio , Søndergaard Lars , Bleiziffer Sabine , Rudolph Tanja K. , Fam Neil , Kempfert Joerg , Granada Juan F. , Tang Gilbert H.L. , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Conradi Lenard , Modine Thomas ,   CHOICE‐MI Investigators
Published: March 2022

AimsTranscatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI) represents a novel treatment option for patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) unsuitable for established therapies. The CHOICE‐MI registry aimed to investigate outcomes of patients undergoing screening for TMVI.Methods and resultsFrom May 2014 to March 2021, patients with MR considered suboptimal candidates for transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) and at high risk for mitral valve surgery underwent TMVI screening at 26 centres. Characteristics and outcomes were investigated for patients undergoing TMVI and for TMVI‐ineligible patients referred to bailout‐TEER, high‐risk surgery or medical therapy (MT). The primary composite endpoint was all‐cause mortality or heart failure hospitalization after 1 year. Among 746 patients included (78.5 years, interquartile range [IQR] 72.0–83.0, EuroSCORE II 4.7% [IQR 2.7–9.7]), 229 patients (30.7%) underwent TMVI with 10 different dedicated devices. At 1 year, residual MR ≤1+ was present in 95.2% and the primary endpoint occurred in 39.2% of patients treated with TMVI. In TMVI‐ineligible patients (n = 517, 69.3%), rates of residual MR ≤1+ were 37.2%, 100.0% and 2.4% after bailout‐TEER, high‐risk surgery and MT, respectively. The primary endpoint at 1 year occurred in 28.8% of patients referred to bailout‐TEER, in 42.9% of patients undergoing high‐risk surgery and in 47.9% of patients remaining on MT.ConclusionThis registry included the largest number of patients treated with TMVI to date. TMVI with 10 dedicated devices resulted in predictable MR elimination and sustained functional improvement at 1 year. In TMVI‐ineligible patients, bailout‐TEER and high‐risk surgery represented reasonable alternatives, while MT was associated with poor clinical and functional outcomes.
Platelets accumulate in lung lesions of tuberculosis patients and inhibit T‐cell responses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in macrophages
Authors: La Manna Marco P. , Orlando Valentina , Badami Giusto D. , Tamburini Bartolo , Shekarkar Azgomi Mojtaba , Lo Presti Elena , del Nonno Franca , Petrone Linda , Belmonte Beatrice , Falasca Laura , Di Carlo Paola , Dieli Francesco , Goletti Delia , Caccamo Nadia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlatelets regulate human inflammatory responses that lead to disease. However, the role of platelets in tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis is still unclear. Here, we show that patients with active TB have a high number of platelets in peripheral blood and a low number of lymphocytes leading to a high platelets to lymphocytes ratio (PL ratio). Moreover, the serum concentration of different mediators promoting platelet differentiation or associated with platelet activation is increased in active TB.Immunohistochemistry analysis shows that platelets localise around the lung granuloma lesions in close contact with T lymphocytes and macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis of caseous tissue of human pulmonary TB granulomas, followed by Gene Ontology analysis, shows that 53 platelet activation‐associated genes are highly expressed compared to the normal lung tissue.In vitro activated platelets (or their supernatants) inhibit BCG‐induced T‐ lymphocyte proliferation and IFN‐γ production. Likewise, platelets inhibit the growth of intracellular macrophages of Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis. Soluble factors released by activated platelets mediate both immunological and M. tuberculosis replication activities. Furthermore, proteomic and neutralisation studies (by mAbs) identify TGF‐β and PF4 as the factors responsible for inhibiting T‐cell response and enhancing the mycobactericidal activity of macrophages, respectively. Altogether these results highlight the importance of platelets in TB pathogenesis.
An Ionic Liquid Promoted Clean and Direct Conversion of Triglycerides into Bio‐Based Thermal Energy Storage Materials
Authors: Yıldırım Ayhan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the present study, triglycerides are subjected to an ionic liquid (IL) catalyzed and solventless transesterification reaction with a series of fatty alcohols in a 1:3 ratio, respectively. In order to prepare the corresponding wax esters, triglycerides trilaurin, trimyristin, and tristearin are treated with fatty alcohols such as lauryl, myristyl, and stearyl alcohol via 1,3‐disulfonic acid imidazolium chloride catalyzed transesterification reaction under environmentally friendly conditions. The optimum duration of the transesterification reaction is determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the progress of the reaction can also be easily followed by thin layer chromatography. According to these studies, the reaction takes about 2 h to complete and the corresponding wax esters are obtained successfully by recrystallization from suitable solvent mixture without tedious work‐up in good to excellent yields (86–100%).Practical Applications: With this sustainable method, a homologous series of wax esters can be successfully synthesized as bio‐based thermal energy storage materials. The prominent aspect of this solventless method is that it allows the preparation of wax esters directly from triglycerides via an ionic liquid catalyzed process both in laboratory and industrial scale.
Highly Sensitive Square Wave Voltammetric Determination of Sunset Yellow at a Functionalized‐MWCNTs/poly(Alizarin Red‐S) Composite Modified Electrode
Authors: Güneş Mehmet , Karakaya Serkan , Dilgin Yusuf 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis work presents an effective and highly sensitive electrochemical detection of Sunset Yellow (SSY) at poly(Alizarin Red‐S) and functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes composite modified glassy carbon electrode (f‐MWCNTs/poly(ALR‐S)/GCE). The electrochemical response of the f‐MWCNTs/poly(ALR‐S)/GCE towards SSY was examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Both recorded cyclic voltammograms (CVs) and square wave voltammograms (SWVs) showed that the oxidation/reduction peaks of SSY at f‐MWCNTs/poly(ALR‐S)/GCE were found to be much higher than the bare GCE, f‐MWCNTs/GCE, and poly(ALR‐S)/GCE. Calibration curves obtained from the SWVs indicated that the f‐MWCNTs/poly(ALR‐S)/GCE offers a linear response in the range of 0.50 to 256 μM with a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.16 μM and the sensitivity was found to be 9686 μA mM−1 cm−2. The f‐MWCNTs/poly(ALR‐S)/GCE provides excellent performance for the detection of SSY in daily life samples with high accuracy and precision.
A discrete dielectrophoresis device for the separation of malaria‐infected cells
Authors: Panklang Nitipong , Techaumnat Boonchai , Wisitsoraat Anurat , Putaporntip Chaturong , Chotivanich Kesinee , Suzuki Yuji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMalaria is a serious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites that infect red blood cells (RBCs). This paper presents the continuous separation of malaria‐infected RBCs (iRBCs) from normal blood cells. The proposed method employed the discrete dielectrophoresis (DEP) in a microfluidic device with interdigitated electrodes. Our aim is to treat a sample having high concentration of cells to realize high throughput and to prevent the clogging of the microchannel with the use of the discrete DEP. The discrete DEP force for deflecting cells in the device was controlled by adjusting the magnitude, frequency, and duty cycle of the applied voltage. The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by separating the malaria‐infected cells in samples having a cell concentration of 106 cells/µl. From experimental results, we determined the enrichment that is needed to enhance the detection in the case of low parasitemia. The enrichment of the infected cells at the device output was 3000 times as high as that of the input containing 1 infected cell to 106 normal cells. Therefore, the proposed method is highly effective and can significantly facilitate the detection of the infected cells for the identification of Malaria patients.
Zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67–modified open‐tubular column with cyclodextrin for enantioseparation in capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Ma Mingxuan , Zhang Jian , Zhang Xicheng , Kan Zigui , Du Yingxiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe histidine‐modified zeolitic imidazolate framework [His‐ZIF‐67] was prepared with the histidine, 2‐methylimidazole, and Co2+ under ambient temperature. His‐ZIF‐67 was bonded via a glycidyl methacrylate copolymer to the internal surface of capillary and then functionalized with the NH2‐β‐cyclodextrin (NH2‐β‐CD). The materials were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In comparison with the NH2‐β‐CD@capillary, the NH2‐β‐CD@His‐ZIF‐67@capillary‐coated column shows significantly enhanced resolution for chiral molecules. The NH2‐β‐CD@His‐ZIF‐67@capillary column achieved the baseline separation of amlodipine and metoprolol (the resolution of amlodipine: 1.70; metoprolol: 1.50) and the partial separation of atenolol and propranolol (the resolution of atenolol: 1.03; propranolol: 0.60). These were attributed to the histidine modification and the features of ZIF‐67, including an excellent surface area and the abundant porosity. The pH and proportion of organic modifier in the buffer were crucial for enantioseparation performance and were evaluated in detail. The fabricated NH2‐β‐CD@His‐ZIF‐67@capillary‐coated column showed good stability and repeatability (relative standard deviation <6.3%). The molecular modeling with AutoDock and grand canonical ensemble was carried out to evaluate the interactions between chiral stationary phase and racemic drugs.
Metformin‐graphene oxide/alginate beads for the removal of toxic lead ions from aqueous media; kinetic and equilibrium studies
Authors: Abboud Ayad Sami , Ghaffarinejad Ali , Mollahosseini Afsaneh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, the Met‐GO@Alg as a novel adsorbent was composed of metformin (Met), graphene oxide (GO), alginate beads (Alg) for removal of lead ions from aqueous media. The adsorbent material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. The effect of solution pH)5(, adsorbent dosage)20 mg(, contact time)90 min(, temperature and co‐existing ions were studied and optimized. The Pb2+ adsorption nature and mechanism were adopted with various isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamic models. Hence, the adsorption kinetic process fits with the pseudo‐second‐order model (R2 > 0.97) with 95% removal efficiency at 90 min. The adsorption isotherm is well fit to the Freundlich model (R2 > 0.99) with the maximum adsorption capacity of 370 mg. g−1. Overall, Met‐GO@Alg nanocomposite revealed good efficiency, applicability, and five times reusability.
The morphology of fluvial‐tidal dunes: Lower Columbia River, Oregon/Washington, USA
Authors: Prokocki Eric W. , Best James L. , Perillo Maurico M. , Ashworth Philip J. , Parsons Daniel R. , Sambrook Smith Gregory H. , Nicholas Andrew P. , Simpson Christopher J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article quantifies changes in primary dune morphology of the mesotidal Lower Columbia River (LCR), USA, through ~90 river kilometres of its fluvial‐tidal transition at low‐river stage. Measurements were derived from a multibeam echo sounder dataset that captured bedform dimensions within the thalweg (≥ 9 m depth; ≥ 0.7) of the LCR main channel. Measurements revealed two categories of dunes: (i) fine to medium sand ‘fluvial‐tidal to tidal’ (upstream‐oriented, simple, and two‐dimensional) low‐angle dunes (heights ≈ 0.3–0.8 m; wavelengths ≈ 10–25 m; mean lee‐angles ≈ 7°–11°), and (ii) medium to coarse sand ‘fluvial’ (downstream‐oriented, compound, and 2.5‐dimensional to three‐dimensional) low‐angle dunes (heights ≈ 1.5–3 m; wavelengths ≈ 60–110 m; mean lee‐angles ≈ 11°–18°). At low‐river stage, where ≥ 0.7, approximately 86% of the fluvial‐tidal transition is populated by ‘fluvial’ dunes, whilst ~ 14% possesses ‘fluvial‐tidal to tidal’ dunes that form in the downstream‐most reaches. Thus, throughout the majority of the deepest channel segments of the fluvial‐tidal transition, seaward‐oriented river and ebb‐tidal currents govern dune morphology, whilst strong bidirectional tidal‐current influence is restricted to the downstream most reaches of the transition zone. Two mechanisms are reasoned to explain dune low‐angle character: (1) high‐suspended sediment transport near peak tidal‐currents that lowers the leeside‐angles of ‘fluvial‐tidal to tidal’ dunes, and (2) superimposed bedforms that erode the crests, leesides, and stoss‐sides, of ‘fluvial’ dunes, which results in the reduction of leeside‐angles. Fluctuations in river discharge create a ‘dynamic morphology reach’ at depths where ≥ 0.7, which spans river kilometres 12–40 and displays the greatest variation in dune morphology. Similar channel reaches likely exist in fluvial‐tidal transitions with analogous physical characteristics as the LCR and may provide a distinct signature for the fluvial‐tidal transition zone.
High mobility transmission system under intelligent reflecting surface
Authors: Faragallah Osama S. , El‐Sayed Hala S. , El‐Mashed Mohamed G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn wireless communication system with a high mobility scenario, there is a challenge to obtain fast data transmission service with proper stability. Also, it is difficult to obtain perfect channel state information in the high mobility case without large online computation. Intelligent surface has great potential to cost‐effectively enhance the system performance in next generation technology and beyond. In this paper, a railway communication system with the help of intelligent surface technology is proposed for high mobility scenario. We propose an applicable beamforming scheme with the help of mobile station location information for intelligent surface‐aided communication system under high mobility. In our proposed system, the beams from the intelligent surface are chosen based on the mobile stations locations, where the weights of the beams are optimized for maximum total service of base station. Also, we formulate the optimization problem and propose an alternating iterative technique as a solution. The weights and phase matrix of the beams are optimized to maximize the mobile service. An intelligent surface with beam selection scheme is also proposed. Results demonstrate the significant mobile service enhancement introduced by the intelligent surface in railway communication system and show the effectiveness of our proposed scheme. It can reduce the handover region and can save time for data transmission.
Effects of climate variability and anthropogenic factors on sediment load reduction in the Weihe River basin, China
Authors: Hu Jinfei , Li Pengfei , Zhao Guangju , Mu Xingmin , Hörmann Georg , Gao Peng , Sun Wenyi , Zhang Limei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSediment load of China's Yellow River has dramatically decreased due to the interplay of climate variability and human activities in the past decades. However, the contribution of individual driving factors and the detailed spatial distribution of sediment load at a catchment scale were not well understood. In the study, we quantitatively assessed the relative contributions of individual climatic (i.e. precipitation) and anthropogenic (i.e. vegetation restoration, terrace construction) driving factors to sediment load variations in the largest tributary of the Yellow River, Weihe River. The employed annual sediment load measurements and rainfall data for 1961–2015 were collected at 15 hydrological and 60 meteorological stations that were widely distributed in the basin. Changing trends, periodicity, and abrupt changes of hydro‐climatic variables were detected using the non‐parametric Mann–Kendall test, the empirical mode decomposition method, and Pettitt's test. Results showed that annual sediment load presented significantly decreasing trends at 12 hydrological stations. Annual rainfall erosivity showed a mixed tendency, with the changing trends varying among different regions. A 3‐year periodicity was identified in the annual sediment load at three main stream gauging stations. Abrupt changing points in sediment load primarily occurred in the 1990s and early 2000s at all of the 15 hydrological stations, which were largely attributed to human activities. The increase in vegetation cover was responsible for approximately 40.6%, 37.4%, and 54.7% of the sediment load reduction in the main stream of the Weihe River, the Jinghe River, and the Beiluohe River, respectively. Meanwhile, terrace construction accounted for 19.7%, 43.8%, and 9.9% of the sediment variation, respectively. Conversely, precipitation change accounted for 5.7%, 12.4%, and 8.3% of sediment load reduction, respectively. Overall, vegetation restoration and terrace construction were found to be the two dominating factors for sediment load reduction in the study area.
Understanding event runoff coefficient variability across Australia using the hydroEvents R package
Authors: Wasko Conrad , Guo Danlu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIdentification and pairing of hydrologic events form the basis of various analyses, from identifying events for the calibration of hydrologic models, to calculation of event runoff coefficients for catchment characterization. Despite this, there is no unified approach for identifying hydrologic events. Here, using the R package, hydroEvents (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=hydroEvents), we compare multiple methods of extracting and pairing hydrologic events focussing on the relationship between rainfall and runoff. We find the four common analytical approaches used to identify runoff events—based on either event threshold, local maxima/minima, or proportion of baseflow contribution, give similar results. However, when rainfall events are paired to runoff, the type of algorithm and the direction of pairing (either from rainfall to runoff, or runoff to rainfall) make a considerable difference to the final event pairs identified and resulting analyses. Here, we demonstrate the value of automated event extraction and pairing algorithms for large‐sample hydrology analysis by calculating event runoff coefficients across Australia. Our results show that climatology is a key driver of catchment rainfall‐runoff response with much of Australia dominated by excess rainfall runoff generation. However, our results also show that the variability due to pairing method can introduce a variability equal to that of the climatology due to biasing the runoff mechanism within the sample. With this analysis we demonstrate the importance of systematic and consistent approaches to hydrologic characterization when identifying and pairing hydrological events.
Unbundling institutional determinants of innovation
Authors: Chen Qing (Larry) , Lovelace Kelley Bergsma 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhy are some nations wealthy, while others remain mired in poverty? Prior literature suggests technological innovation and strong institutions are uniquely conducive to long‐term economic growth. Property rights institutions (PRIs) afford protection from expropriation by the government and political elites, while contracting institutions (CIs) allow private parties to conduct commercial transactions. In this study, we systematically examine the relative effects of PRIs and CIs on innovation. Using an instrumental variable (IV) approach and two‐stage least squares regression framework, our results suggest that PRIs have a strong positive effect on innovation, while CIs do not. Constraint on executive, protection from expropriation of the government, and protection of private property are proxies for PRIs, while legal formalism, procedural complexity, and number of procedures are proxies for CIs. We find strong empirical evidence that PRIs have statistically significant effects both on innovation intensity and time lag in innovation adoption, while the impacts of CIs on these measures of innovation are generally insignificant. Our findings are relevant to policymakers today as developing countries look to innovation to reignite their economies and avoid the middle‐income trap.
Complete remission of renal cell carcinoma with lung carcinomatous lymphangiosis after primary therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors followed by partial nephrectomy for surgical consolidation
Authors: Kambe Takanari , Yamasaki Toshinari , Mine Yuta , Hagimoto Hiroki , Kokubun Hidetoshi , Kubota Masashi , Tsutsumi Naofumi , Inoue Koji , Hara Shigeo , Kawakita Mutsushi 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionCytoreductive nephrectomy has been used in combination with systemic therapy for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, although its efficacy in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors remains controversial.Case presentationA 57‐year‐old woman was diagnosed with left renal cell carcinoma and lung carcinomatous lymphangiosis (cT3aN0M1). After receiving combined immunotherapy, she achieved complete response for the lung metastases and partial response for the primary tumor. After five months of systemic therapy, she underwent partial nephrectomy to remove the primary tumor, followed by eight courses of nivolumab monotherapy. One year postoperatively, she remained recurrence‐free.ConclusionCytoreductive partial nephrectomy for surgical consolidation may be a treatment option for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Complete response to pembrolizumab for metastatic urothelial carcinoma in the renal pelvis of allograft kidney
Authors: Kamei Jun , Yokoyama Hirotaka , Niki Toshiro , Suda Ryosuke , Sugihara Toru , Fujisaki Akira , Ando Satoshi , Iwami Daiki , Fujimura Tetsuya 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionWe present a case of urothelial carcinoma in a renal allograft successfully treated with pembrolizumab.Case presentationA 39‐year‐old woman presented with nausea and anorexia 9 years after a renal transplantation. Positron emission tomography revealed a neoplasm of the renal pelvis of the allograft and multiple lymph nodes with peritoneal metastasis. A diagnosis of a non‐muscle‐invasive bladder tumor with peritoneal dissemination and jejunal metastasis of urothelial carcinoma was made. After five cycles of gemcitabine and carboplatin, the tumor progressed and pembrolizumab was administered. One week after the first dose, the allograft was rejected, necessitating arterial embolization. After the second cycle, the patient developed Stevens‐Johnson syndrome. After discontinuing pembrolizumab, positron emission tomography revealed no increased tumor activity. A complete response was achieved for 21 months without additional treatment.ConclusionPembrolizumab was effective in treating urothelial carcinoma of the renal allograft; however, allograft rejection and loss should be considered.