bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructure abnormalities of collagen and elastin in Arab patients with arterial tortuosity syndrome
Authors: Faiyaz‐Ul‐Haque Muhammad , Mubarak Mohammed , AbdulWahab Atqah , AlRikabi Ammar C. , Alsaeed Abbas H. , Al‐Otaiby Maram , Nawaz Zafar , Zaidi Syed H. E. , Basit Sulman 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by elongation and tortuosity of the large‐ and medium‐sized arteries. ATS patients display features that are also found in Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) patients. ATS is caused by pathogenic mutations in the SLC2A10 gene, which encodes for the glucose transporter, GLUT10. This study aimed at examining the ultrastructure of skin for abnormalities that can explain the loose skin and arterial phenotypes of Arab patients with the p.S81R mutation in SLC2A10. Forty‐eight patients with SLC2A10 mutation were recruited for this study. Skin biopsy specimens from three children with ATS and a healthy child were examined by electron microscopy to determine the ultrastructure of collagen and elastin. Histopathologic staining of sections from tissue biopsy specimens was also performed. Large spaces were observed among the collagen fibrils in the skin biopsy specimens obtained from ATS patients, suggesting disorganization of the collagen structures. Furthermore, elastin fiber contents and their thickness are reduced in the skin. In small muscular arteries in the skin from ATS patients, discontinuous internal elastic lamina, lack of myofilaments, and disorganized medial smooth muscle cells with vacuolated cytoplasm are present. The disorganization of collagen fibrils and reduced elastin contents in the skin may explain the loose skin phenotype of ATS patients similar to the EDS patients. The lack of elastin in small muscular arteries may have contributed to the development of arterial tortuosity in these patients.
The effects of the Arab Spring on female labour force participation in the MENA region
Authors: Ghazalian Pascal L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Arab Spring (AS) event characterized the recent history of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It brought about various economic, political, and social conditions and transformations that affected women's well‐being and their status and participation in the labour market. Accordingly, this paper examines the short‐run and the long‐run effects of the AS on female labour force participation (FLFP) rates in the MENA region. The empirical analysis is implemented through the generalized method of moments (GMM) system estimator for dynamic panel models, using the basic (one‐step) and the two‐step approaches over different empirical specifications. The benchmark empirical results show that the AS is associated with moderate average increases in FLFP rates in the MENA region. The empirical analysis subsequently emphasizes significant variations and distinct patterns in the AS effects on FLFP rates across MENA countries, and it ties these findings to the AS‐related economic, political and social circumstances in these countries.
Natural incidence of pathogenic fungi on stink bug pests in Argentinian rice paddies
Authors: Fuentes Daniela , Toledo Andrea , Pedrini Nicolás , Sosa Alejandro , Santana Marianela , Gervazoni Paula , Dellapé Gimena , Franceschini Celeste 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEntomopathogenic fungi (EF) are important biocontrol agents due to their wide host range, easy application, and compatibility with phytosanitary products. Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are the most important rice pests in Argentina. Although there is information on the pathogenicity of EF against stink bug pests in rice fields, the natural incidence of EF, and especially their association with stink bug species and plant characteristics, is largely unexplored. The aims of this study were: (1) to monitor the natural incidence of EF on Pentatomidae pests in Argentinian rice paddies; (2) to assess the relationship between the incidence of EF, stink bug feeding guild, and rice cultivar; and (3) to perform a phylogenetic analysis of the EF recorded. Sampling was conducted in target rice fields throughout the rice‐growing season (2017–2018), during which adult individuals ofTibraca limbativentrisStål andOebalusspp. were manually collected and visually examined for evidence of mycelial development. Of the 780 individuals examined, 182 infected individuals were recorded, from which 12 strains of EF were isolated and identified based on molecular characterization: three strains ofBeauveria bassianasensu lato (Bals.‐Criv.) Vuill., five ofMetarhizium anisopliaes.l. (Metschn.) Sorokin, and four ofPurpureocillium lilacinum(Thom) Luangsa‐ard et al. (Hypocreales). The occurrence of the three EF species was significantly higher in stem‐feedingT. limbativentristhan in seed‐feedingOebalusspp., thus, differed between feeding guilds. ForT. limbativentris, the occurrence of EF was higher when feeding on a short than on a tall rice variety, thus, differed between plant varieties. The results illustrate the potential of using native strains of EF in integrated management of stink bugs in rice.
Sex differences in GABAA receptor subunit transcript expression are mediated by genotype in subjects with alcohol‐related cirrhosis of the liver
Authors: Ashton Madeline K. , Rueda André V. L. , Ho Ada M.‐C. , Noor Aizin Noradibah Arina Binte M. , Sharma Hansa , Dodd Peter R. , Stadlin Alfreda , Camarini Rosana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMale and female human subjects show contrasting propensities to misuse drugs of addiction, including alcohol. These differences lead to different psychological and neurological consequences, such as the likelihood of developing dependence. The pattern and extent of brain damage in alcohol‐use disorder cases also varies with comorbid disease. To explore mechanisms that might underlie these outcomes, we used autopsy tissue to determine mRNA transcript expression in relation to genotype for two GABAA receptor subunit genes. We used quantitative Real‐Time PCR to measure GABRA6 and GABRA2 mRNA concentrations in dorsolateral prefrontal and primary motor cortices of alcohol‐use disorder subjects and controls of both sexes with and without liver disease who had been genotyped for these GABAA receptor subunit genes. Cirrhotic alcohol‐use disorder cases had significantly higher expression of GABRA6 and GABRA2 transcripts than either controls or non‐cirrhotic alcohol‐use disorder cases. Differences were observed between sexes, genotypes and brain regions. We show that sex differences in subjects with GABRA6 and GABRA2 variants may contribute to differences in susceptibility to alcohol‐use disorder and alcohol‐induced cirrhosis.
Demonstration of Managed Aquifer Recharge in a Coastal Plain Aquifer: Lessons Learned
Authors: Martinez Meredith B. , Widdowson Mark A. , Bott Charles , Holloway Dan , Heisig‐Mitchell Jamie , Wilson Christopher 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe sustainable water initiative for tomorrow (SWIFT) is a 378,000 m3/day (100 MGD) managed aquifer recharge (MAR) program designed by the Hampton Roads Sanitation District (HRSD) to rehabilitate the Potomac Aquifer System (PAS) in the Coastal Plain of Eastern Virginia. Groundwater is a primary water source in Eastern Virginia with over 93% of reported use derived from the PAS. Starting in May 2018, HRSD has operated a 3780 m3/day (1.0 MGD) MAR demonstration facility at the SWIFT Research Center (SWIFT‐RC) in Suffolk, Virginia. The primary aim of the SWIFT‐RC is to demonstrate, at a meaningful scale, the feasibility of MAR using deep well recharge into confined PAS hydrostratigraphic unit. The SWIFT‐RC employs advanced water treatment technology to bring secondary effluent from an HRSD wastewater treatment plant to drinking water standards. Lessons learned include the evaluation and selection of a multiple barrier carbon‐based treatment system to ensure water quality and maintain geochemical compatibility between MAR water and native groundwater, and the evaluation and selection of aluminum chlorohydrate for stabilizing aquifer clays immediately around the well to accept the fresher recharge water. The distribution of flow in the SWIFT‐RC multiscreen recharge well and associated well injectivity were variable with time resulting from changing conditions in the well. Dynamic recharge well performance was quantified through the combined analysis of intrinsic and artificial tracer transport, in situ flowmeter testing, and water level analysis. Monitoring well nests and a depth‐discrete sampling system supported a robust sampling plan to analyze chemical transport and attenuation in SWIFT‐RC groundwater.
Understanding the support experiences of families of children with autism and sensory processing difficulties: A qualitative study
Authors: Milosevic Sarah , Brookes‐Howell Lucy , Randell Elizabeth , Williams‐Thomas Rhys , Delport Sue , Busse Monica , Gillespie David , Ahuja Alka S. , McKigney Anne Marie , Glarou Eleni , McNamara Rachel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSupport, such as information, advice and therapies, can play a vital role in the lives of families of autistic children. However, little is known about the support experiences of UK parents and carers.AimTo explore experiences of and access to support for families of children with autism and sensory processing difficulties, from the perspective of parents and carers.MethodsSemi‐structured, timeline‐assisted interviews were conducted with parents/carers of 30 children aged 5–11, exploring experiences of support. Framework analysis was used to identify themes in the interview data.ResultsSupport varied widely and was not accessed equitably. Specialist autism support, together with support from other parents and voluntary organizations, was perceived as more useful than statutory and nonspecialist provision. Unmet support needs included an ongoing point of contact for information and advice for parents, and access to direct therapy and specialist mental health provision for children.ConclusionsFindings emphasize the need for a clear pathway of support following autism diagnosis, autism‐specific training for professional service providers and specialist provision tailored to the needs of autistic children.Patient or Public ContributionAn advisory group of four parents of children with autism provided feedback on study procedures and materials, including participant information sheets and timeline completion instructions.
Ethical issues experienced by persons with rheumatoid arthritis in a wearable‐enabled physical activity intervention study
Authors: Leese Jenny , Zhu Siyi , Townsend Anne F. , Backman Catherine L. , Nimmon Laura , Li Linda C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionUsing wearables to self‐monitor physical activity is a promising approach to support arthritis self‐management. Little is known, however, about the context in which ethical issues may be experienced when using a wearable in self‐management. We used a relational ethics lens to better understand how persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) experience their use of a wearable as part of a physical activity counselling intervention study involving a physiotherapist (PT).MethodsConstructivist grounded theory and a relational ethics lens guided the study design. This conceptual framework drew attention to benefits, downsides and tensions experienced in a context of relational settings (micro and macro) in which participants live. Fourteen initial and eleven follow‐up interviews took place with persons with RA in British Columbia, Canada, following participation in a wearable‐enabled intervention study.ResultsWe created three main categories, exploring how experiences of benefits, downsides and tensions when using the intervention intertwined with shared moral values placed on self‐control, trustworthiness, independence and productivity: (1) For some, using a wearable helped to ‘do something right’ by taking more control over reaching physical activity goals. Some, however, felt ambivalent, believing both there was nothing more they could do and that they had not done enough to reach their goal; (2) Some participants described how sharing wearable data supported and challenged mutual trustworthiness in their relationship with the PT; (3) For some, using a wearable affirmed or challenged their sense of self‐respect as an independent and productive person.ConclusionParticipants in this study reported that using a wearable could support and challenge their arthritis self‐management. Constructing moral identity, with qualities of self‐control, trustworthiness, independence and productivity, within the relational settings in which participants live, was integral to ethical issues encountered. This study is a key step to advance understanding of ethical issues of using a wearable as an adjunct for engaging in physical activity from a patient's perspective.Patient or Public ContributionPerspectives of persons with arthritis (mostly members of Arthritis Research Canada's Arthritis Patient Advisory Board) were sought to shape the research question and interpretations throughout data analysis.
Water kefir grains vs. milk kefir grains: Physical, microbial and chemical comparison
Authors: Gökırmaklı Çağlar , Güzel-Seydim Zeynep B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
Although kefir has been known for centuries, there is confusion between the two types of kefir grains, for example, milk kefir (MK) grain and water kefir (WK) grain. This study aimed to unravel the differences and similarities between WK grain and MK grain.

Methods and Results
Microbiological analyses, identification of grains microbiota and enumeration of microbiological content of the grains as well as scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, dry matter, protein, ash, and mineral content, and colour analyses were carried out for the two types of grains. As a result, significant differences were found in microbiological content, chemical properties and colours (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, SEM images revealed the different intrinsic structures for the microbiota and the structure of the two types of grains.

Conclusions
MK grain has more nutritional content compared to WK grain. Despite not as widely known and used as MK grain, WK grain is a good source for minerals and health-friendly micro-organisms such as lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. WK grain is possibly suitable for vegans and allergic individuals to fulfil nutritional requirements. Moreover, in this study, the variety of WK grain microbial consortia was wider than that of MK grains, and this significantly affected the resultant WK products.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This is the first study that comprehensively compares two different kefir grains in microbial, chemical and physical properties.
Application of Caring Life‐Course Theory to explore care needs in women with pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain
Authors: Ceprnja Dragana , Lawless Michael , Liamputtong Pranee , Gupta Amitabh , Chipchase Lucy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsTo describe the care needs of women with pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain based on the Caring Life‐Course Theory.DesignA descriptive qualitative research design.MethodsData were collected between November 2019 and February 2021 from 20 purposively selected pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain aged between 22 and 39 years in antenatal care at a tertiary hospital in Australia. Individual semi‐structured interviews were recorded via a digital audio recorder and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis method was used to analyse the data.FindingsFive broad themes were identified: pain is an added burden to pregnancy; knowledge is power to own what happens to me; engaging in self‐help; care from others is useful; and pain deserves more attention from healthcare professionals.ConclusionCaring Life‐Course Theory presented a useful and applicable scaffold for describing care needs of pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain. The study revealed experiencing pelvic girdle pain led to additional care needs during pregnancy, highlighting the importance of self‐management strategies and an appreciation of care from others to assist women in limiting the effects of the pain. Participants identified the need for more information and attention from healthcare professionals to be able to better manage their condition.ImpactThis study presents a comprehensive picture of the change in care needs triggered by experiencing pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy. The findings have the potential to facilitate better care provision by considering novel methods of delivery, such as information and communication technology, whilst acknowledging the value placed on credible and trusted sources. Knowledge acquired through this study may be used by nurses and midwives, along with other healthcare professionals, to enhance the provision of comprehensive care that is acceptable to women with pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy.
Sustainability in a global circular economy: Insights on consumer price sensitivity
Authors: Hanumante Neeraj C. , Shastri Yogendra , Hoadley Andrew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCircular economy (CE) is seen as a way of achieving global sustainability. This study demonstrates how consumer decisions, particularly in relation to price sensitivity, have a significant influence on CE adoption and therefore on global sustainability. An integrated planetary model representing the world through 15 ecological–industrial compartments is considered. The functioning of the model is governed by food web dynamics and a macro‐economic model. A circulation industry compartment recycles used products going to waste. The consumer price sensitivity for the circulated goods is captured by considering the consumers' cumulative CE participation (CCEP). Different CCEP patterns are studied for a variety of consumption increase rates. The results show that greater preference for circulated goods avoided system collapse, and corresponding CCEP patterns identify the sustainable zone (TSZ). A parametric study of combinations of CCEP patterns and consumption growth rates showed that with the higher consumption growth rate (four to six times linear increase of consumption over simulation horizon), the TSZ shrinks (50%). Moreover, at higher consumption growth rates, more economic incentives are required to obtain a similar ecosystem response. Finally, at a very high level of CE adoption, the overall population becomes less wealthy. Thus, preventing the consumption growth rather than promoting the CE through subsidies is more desirable from economic and ecological perspectives.
The value and contribution of intellectual disability nurses/nurses caring for people with intellectual disability in intellectual disability settings: A scoping review
Authors: Doody Owen , Hennessy Therese , Moloney Mairead , Lyons Rosemary , Bright Ann‐Marie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disability experience poorer health and healthcare access issues. As a leading role in healthcare provision for people with intellectual disability nurses are key to supporting person‐centred care and health outcomes. However, little is known about specialist intellectual disability nursing and their contribution to care provision for people with intellectual disability.MethodsA systematic scoping review. Searches of seven academic databases including MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science were conducted to identify relevant literature. Literature addressing intellectual disability nursing or nursing care for people with intellectual disability in intellectual disability centres/units/care homes were reviewed and reported as per PRISMA‐ScR checklist and PRISMA flow diagram.ResultsThe published literature (n = 68) is extensive and describes the value and contribution of intellectual disability nursing across all domains of professional practice and supports a biopsychosocial‐educational approach to addressing the physical, mental and social needs of clients with intellectual disability across the care continuum of health management, health promotion and health education.ConclusionsDespite the importance of the review question and the large volume of publication evidence detailing wide‐ranging professional nursing roles and responsibilities, there remains limited literature on the assessment and intervention strategies employed by intellectual disability nurses that highlight their specialist knowledge and skill. Future research should focus on making the role of the nurse more visible and presenting their unique contributions to client care, service delivery, policy and ultimately to the art and science of nursing.
Understanding Scientific Freedom and Scientific Responsibility in Business and Management Research
Authors: Tsui Anne S. , McKiernan Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo illuminate the nature of contemporary business and management research and to reinforce the principles of responsible research proposed by the social movement Responsible Research in Business and Management (RRBM), this article explores two critical elements of the scientific process: scientific freedom and scientific responsibility. We observe that in recent times, context and practice have weakened both of them. Path‐dependent processes in a closed research ecosystem have restricted scientific freedom. A ‘publish or perish’ culture has clouded scientific responsibility. We examine the definition of scientific freedom and assess how much freedom scientists can expect in current social conditions. We apply Schulz’s (1972) responsibility categories of (a) Who is responsible? (b) For what are they responsible? and (c) To whom are they responsible? to develop an expanded definition of scientific responsibility. Aligning high and low levels of freedom and responsibility, we identify four types of research, one of which fits RRBM’s definition of responsible research. We suggest a set of light and heavy actions in a humble attempt to shift the research ecosystem further towards responsible research, focusing on benefits to society. We conclude with a set of scientific norms to guide researchers who aspire to make their research more responsible and impactful.
The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species and taxonomic groups on stressed and unstressed plants: a global meta‐analysis
Authors: Marro Nicolás , Grilli Gabriel , Soteras Florencia , Caccia Milena , Longo Silvana , Cofré Noelia , Borda Valentina , Burni Magali , Janoušková Martina , Urcelay Carlos 
Published: March 2022

Summary

The great majority of plants gain access to soil nutrients and enhance their performance under stressful conditions through symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The benefits that AMF confer vary among species and taxonomic groups. However, a comparative analysis of the different benefits among AMF has not yet been performed.

We conducted a global meta‐analysis of recent studies testing the benefits of individual AMF species and main taxonomic groups in terms of plant performance (growth and nutrition). Separately, we examined AMF benefits to plants facing biotic (pathogens, parasites, and herbivores) and abiotic (drought, salinity, and heavy metals) stress.

AMF had stronger positive effects on phosphorus nutrition than on plant growth and nitrogen nutrition and the effects on the growth of plants facing biotic and abiotic stresses were similarly positive. While the AMF taxonomic groups showed positive effects on plant performance either with or without stress, Diversisporales were the most beneficial to plants without stress and Gigasporales to plants facing biotic stress.

Our results provide a comprehensive analysis of the benefits of different AMF species and taxonomic groups on plant performance and useful insights for their management and use as bio‐inoculants for agriculture and restoration.