bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the challenges faced by Kurdish migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: khazaee-pool Maryam , Taymoori Parvaneh , Bahmani Afshin , ponnet koen , pashaei Tahereh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
With the outbreak of Covid-19, migrant workers have faced new and intensified problems. The present qualitative study aims to explore the challenges faced by Kurdish migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods
Applying a qualitative approach, we conducted 29 semi-structured in-depth qualitative interviews with Kurdish migrant workers who had temporarily migrated to Iraqi Kurdistan to find work. Inductive qualitative content analysis was employed to converge and compare themes in participant data.
Results
The following five main themes emerged from the analysis: sociocultural challenges, economic challenges, psychological challenges, job challenges, and individual challenges. The findings revealed that the Covid-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on the physical, financial, psychological, and social well-being of migrant workers.
Conclusions
This study emphasizes the importance of support measures for migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic, including insurance coverage and the provision of health services, such as access to vaccinations and border health screening, as well as the development of socio-economic support, the legislation of labor laws, and the obligation of employers to create a safe workplace during the Covid-19 pandemic.
A machine learning-based SNP-set analysis approach for identifying disease-associated susceptibility loci
Authors: Silva Princess P. , Gaudillo Joverlyn , Vilela Julianne A. , Roxas-Villanueva Ranzivelle Marianne L. , Tiangco Beatrice J. , Domingo Mario , Albia Jason 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Identifying disease-associated susceptibility loci is one of the most pressing and crucial challenges in modeling complex diseases. Existing approaches to biomarker discovery are subject to several limitations including underpowered detection, neglect for variant interactions, and restrictive dependence on prior biological knowledge. Addressing these challenges necessitates more ingenious ways of approaching the “missing heritability” problem.
Objectives
This study aims to discover disease-associated susceptibility loci by augmenting previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the integration of random forest and cluster analysis.
Methods
The proposed integrated framework is applied to a hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance GWAS data. Multiple cluster analyses were performed on (1) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) considered significant by GWAS and (2) SNPs with the highest feature importance scores obtained using random forest. The resulting SNP-sets from the cluster analyses were subsequently tested for trait-association.
Results
Three susceptibility loci possibly associated with HBsAg seroclearance were identified: (1) SNP rs2399971, (2) gene LINC00578, and (3) locus 11p15. SNP rs2399971 is a biomarker reported in the literature to be significantly associated with HBsAg seroclearance in patients who had received antiviral treatment. The latter two loci are linked with diseases influenced by the presence of hepatitis B virus infection.
Conclusion
These findings demonstrate the potential of the proposed integrated framework in identifying disease-associated susceptibility loci. With further validation, results herein could aid in better understanding complex disease etiologies and provide inputs for a more advanced disease risk assessment for patients.
Changes in rainfall rates and increased number of extreme rainfall events in Rio de Janeiro city
Authors: Regueira Amanda de Oliveira , Wanderley Henderson Silva 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Increased temperature rates have the potential to change the rainfall regime in a given region, as well as to intensify its extreme events, which may lead to significant and negative socioeconomic and environmental impacts on urban populations. However, knowledge about the extent of changes in rainfall rates in Rio de Janeiro City (RJC) remains incipient; thus, it is necessary applying indices climate change to help better understanding this phenomenon. The aim of the current study is to investigate changes in rainfall distribution and increases in the number of extreme rainfall events in RJC. Daily rainfall data deriving from fifteen weather stations distributed in RJC were analyzed in the Rclimdex software and Mann-Kendall test. The analysis has shown increased rainfall rates from the beginning of the series to approximately the first ten years of study. Total rainfall rate has decreased after this period. Rainfall intensity (SDII) in almost all seasons has decreased after 2005; this outcome has indicated reduced annual rainfall rate (PRCPTOT) and number of wet days (CWD). However, there was prevalence of positive trends in daily rainfall rates (Rx1day) and in total rainfall of five consecutive days (Rx5day). The increased number of extreme rainfall events in RJC can cause sudden inundations, floods, runoffs and river overflows with potential to cause landslides and human death due to irregular occupation of hills and slopes.
Identification and Analysis of the SAURs in Prunus sibirica
Authors: Bao Wenquan , Ru Yi , Rula Sa , Zhang Shuning , Bai Yu-e , Chen Junxing , Lin Yue , Wuyun Tana , Hou Jincheng , Ao Dun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In present study, we identified the members of small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) gene family in Prunus sibirica (P. sibirica) and analyzed their localization, phylogeny, duplication, cis-elements in the promoter, and expression patterns. In total, 57 PsSAURs were identified, randomly distributed along eight chromosomes. Among them, eight and ten pairs of segmentally duplicated genes and tandem duplication genes were found in 13 and 21 PsSAURs, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the PsSAURs were divided into five groups (Group A-E). Light-responsive cis-elements, methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and gibberellin, as well as low-temperature responsiveness, and defense and stress responsiveness were identified by analyzing PsSAURs promoter sequences. Expression pattern analysis showed that PsSAURs had different tissue and stage expression patterns. This study provided a foundation for further investigations for the functional analyses of SAURs in P. sibirica.
Does Nail Size or Difference between Canal and Nail Diameter Influence Likelihood of Union or Time to Union of Femoral Shaft Fractures Treated With Intramedullary Nailing? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shih Chiu-Yu , Lo Yu-Cheng , Hsu Chiu-Ting 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aims to determine whether nail size or the difference between canal and nail diameter (CN difference) affects the union rate and time of femoral shaft fracture treated with an interlocking intramedullary nail (IMN).
Methods
This was a retrospective review of 257 patients with femoral shaft fractures treated with IMN at a tertiary trauma medical center. All the IMN inserted were the same (Stryker T2 Femoral Nail). The patients were divided into groups based on nail size (10-, 11-, 12-, or 13-mm) and CN difference (< 1, 1–2, or > 2 mm), and union rate and time to union were compared.
Results
The 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-mm groups based on nail size had 113, 74, 54, and 16 patients, respectively. The overall union rate was 97% (256/264). No significant differences in union rate or time to union were observed among these 4 groups. The groups based on CN differences of < 1-, 1 to 2, and > 2 mm comprised 143, 79, and 35 patients, respectively. Again, no significant differences were noted in union rate or mean time to union among the groups.
Conclusions
Similar union rate and time to union were observed, regardless of nail size or CN difference. This finding indicates that most simple femoral shaft fractures can be treated with a standard, reamed 10-mm IMN. A larger nail insertion is unnecessary and presents more risks; comparatively, the use of a small nail with less reaming is simpler, requires shorter operative times, results in less blood loss, and is less expensive.
ν-improved Nonparallel Support Vector Machine
Authors: Sun Fengmin , Lian Shujun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a ν-improved nonparallel support vector machine (ν-IMNPSVM) is proposed to solve binary classification problems. In this model, we use the related ideas of ν-support vector machine(ν-SVM). The parameter ν is introduced to control the limits of the support vectors percentage. In the objective function, the parameter ε is introduced to ensure that ε-band is kept as small as possible. It has played a great role in the classification of unbalanced data sets. On the basis of maximizing the interval between two classes, ν-IMNPSVM can fully fit the distribution of data points in the class by minimizing the ε-band, which enhances the generalization ability of the model. The results on the benchmark datasets testify that the proposed model has a good effect on the classification accuracy.AMS Subject Classification: 90C30
Matching Component Analysis for Microtexture Region Segmentation
Authors: Homa Laura , Lorenzo Nick , Cherry Matthew , Wertz John 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Microtexture regions (MTR) are collections of grains with similar crystallographic orientation; their presence in aerospace components can significantly impact compoent life. Thus, a method to detect and characterize MTR is needed. A potential solution is to fuse information from multiple nondestructive evaluation techniques that are sensitive to local crystallographic changes in titianum. In this work, we introduce a technique that combines a variant of the matching component analysis algorithm with level-set inversion in order to determine MTR boundaries using multiple sets of nondestructive evaluation data. Although this method is agnostic to the type of nondestructive evaluation data, here it is used to combine information from multiple rotations of an asymmetric eddy current coil. The method is successfully demonstrated on simulated eddy current data of a real titainum specimen.
The effects of native oxides on the selective photo-reduction property of Cu nanoparticles induced by the localized surface plasmon
Authors: Fang Yingcui , Li Lei , Li Huanhuan , Zhao Shiqi , Cheng Zhitao , Chu Xiangqian , Sun Mengtao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) in air are easily oxidized into CuNPs@Cu2O core-shell structure. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of CuNPs can be damped seriously by the Cu2O shell. The effect of this native Cu2O layer on the LSPR-induced selective photocatalysis properties of CuNPs is often ignored. In this paper, this effect was explored by comparison of the evolution of the photo-reduction efficiency (PRE) with the nanoparticle size (d) of the as-deposited CuNPs to that of AgNPs via monitoring the transformation from 4-Nitrothiophenol (PNTP) to 4,4 trdimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) using surface enhanced Raman scattering. It was found that the PRE of the as-deposited CuNPs increases first and then decreases with increasing d, much different from that of AgNPs: increases with increasing d. Based on the transmission electron microscope images, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and by monitoring the PRE stability in air of the as-deposited CuNPs, the mechanisms of the PRE evolution with d and the laser illumination time (t) were suggested. Cu2O plays a dominated role when the nanoparticles’ sizes were small. Both Cu2O and CuNPs play roles when the nanoparticles’ sizes were large, which brought in the low PRE of the as-deposited CuNPs.
Discovery of novel HCV inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and biological activity of phthalamide derivatives
Authors: Mahjoub Mahdi , Mahboubi-Rabbani Smohammad , Vahabpour Rouhollah , Zarghi Afshin , Rezaee Elham , Tabatabai Sayyed Abbas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of end-stage liver diseases like cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma, posing a serious worldwide threat when left untreated. Nowadays, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) constitute core components of anti-HCV treatment. Nonetheless, some DAAs are associated with a growing level of drug resistance as well as adverse reactions. That is why introducing new anti-HCV drugs with higher potency and lower toxicity is so essential. NS5B polymerase is an HCV non-structural protein that acts as a critical target for the development of anti-HCV therapeutics. Based on the necessary pharmacophores for inhibition of HCV NS5B polymerase, a novel series of phthalamide analogs that harbor the potential of NS5B polymerase inhibition to stop HCV proliferation in a cell-based assay were designed, synthesized, and in-vitro evaluated. Interestingly, all compounds displayed low cellular cytotoxicity in Huh 7.5 cells (CC 50 > 100). Compound 28 with EC 50 of 6.0 µM, and an appropriate affinity to NS5B polymerase active site could be considered as a new hit compound, providing useful information for the design of novel HCV inhibitors.
Are anti-PD-1-associated immune related adverse events a harbinger of favorable clinical prognosis in patients with gastric cancer?
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyun , Xu Shuo , Wang Jiaqi , Lv Yalei , Wang Na , Lai Ruixue , Sha Ziyue , Zhao Qun , Guo Zhanjun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown remarkable benefit in the treatment of a range of cancer types, although it may initiate immune related adverse events (irAEs) in patients. Some studies have shown that there is a close relationship between the occurrence of irAEs and prognosis. In present study, we have attempted to establish whether the occurrence of irAEs after the use of anti PD-1 antibodies is associated with treatment efficacy in people with advanced gastric cancer (AGC).
Methods
This study included patients treated with the anti-PD-1 antibodies for AGC patients at The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. IrAEs were identified clinically and graded as per the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ver. 4.03. Efficacy was evaluated with objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The analysis was performed to determine the association between irAEs and clinical outcomes.
Result
Of the 74 AGC patients in our study, 24 developed irAEs. The DCR of the irAE displayed a trend better than that of non-irAE group but without statistical difference (41.70% VS 6.0%, p = 0.118). Median PFS in the irAE group was superior to that in the non-irAE group (176 days VS 94 days, p = 0.001). Median OS also showed this trend of difference at borderline statistical level (292 days VS 239 days, p = 0.057). Multivariate analysis also demonstrated irAE (HR = 0.269, 95%CI: 0.088 to 0.822, p = 0.021) were associated independently with the better prognosis for AGC patients.
Conclusion
In advanced gastric cancer treated with anti PD-1 antibodies, the occourence of irAEs might contribute to the improved prognosis.
Experimental investigation of kinetic parameters of bamboo and bamboo biochar using thermogravimetric analysis under non-isothermal conditions
Authors: Jagnade Priti , Panwar N. L. , Agarwal Chitranjan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The subject of this research is the thermogravimetric analysis of bamboo and bamboo biochar in an inert environment at 10, 20, and 30°C/min. The physicochemical characterizations of bamboo and bamboo biochar were carried out as per the standard methods. Vacuum pyrolysis was used for the bamboo biochar. The FWO (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa) and KAS (Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose), methods determined thermodynamic and kinetic parameters within the active pyrolysis zone. Thermal degradation bamboo biomass undergoes several steps of loss of mass, including moisture loss, passive and active pyrolysis. Between 180°C and 395°C, the active pyrolysis zone accounted for 50 to 55 percent of the mass loss. For FWO and KAS models, bamboo biochar had lower activation energy values (99.23 and 96.07 kJ/mol) than bamboo biomass (262.5303 and 266.62 kJ/mol). The findings of the study for bamboo and its biochar revealed a significant opportunity in the agro industry for designing and building pyrolysis reactors for long-term biofuel generation.
Natural inhibitors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease from Moringa oleifera, Aloe vera, and Nyctanthes arbor-tristis: Molecular docking and ab initio fragment molecular orbital calculations
Authors: Shaji Divya , Suzuki Ryo , Yamamoto Shohei , Orihashi Daisuke , Kurita Noriyuki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly worldwide, and new drug treatments for COVID-19 are urgently required. To find the potential inhibitors against main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2, we investigated the inhibitory potential of naturally occurring compounds from the plants Moringa oleifera, Aloe vera, and Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, using molecular docking, classical molecular mechanics optimizations, and ab initio fragment molecular orbital calculations. Of the 35 compounds that we simulated, feralolide from Aloe vera exhibited the highest binding affinity against Mpro. Therefore, we proposed novel compounds based on the feralolide and investigated their binding properties to the Mpro. The results indicated that the introduction of a hydroxyl group into feralolide significantly enhances its binding affinity against Mpro. These results provide useful information for developing potent Mpro inhibitors.
New Generalized ANN Based Hybrid Broadband Response Spectra Generator using Physics Based Simulations
Authors: Sharma Varun , Dhanya J. , Gade Maheshreddy , Jayalakshmi S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the seismic risk associated with infrastructures, site-specific seismic hazard studies are needed to be performed. Further, for non-linear time history analysis, one requires broadband ground motion. In modern times using physics-based simulations (PBS) for deriving the ground motion for future earthquakes has got due consideration. The PBS helps in decreasing the uncertainties related to the hazard estimation compared to GMPEs. There is a certain threshold to the PBS methods with the limited computational facilities. Hence, certain hybrid methods are required to attain a Broadband spectra for the simulated ground motion. This study uses a new ANN-based model to generate broadband ground motion spectra using the low-frequency spectral acceleration from PBS, source, path, and site parameters as input variables. A detailed parametric study and performance evaluation was made to identify the optimal input parameters in conjunction with the best-suited ANN architecture. The performance of the ANN model is demonstrated for Iwate (\(M_w\) 6.9,2008) earthquake. We found that the predicted values from the developed ANN model are in good agreement with the recorded data. Furthermore, time histories are generated using the spectral ordinate matching technique from the estimated broadband spectra.
Study on Multi-clearance Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics of Herringbone Gear Transmission System under Optimal 3d Modification
Authors: li zhibin , Wang Sanmin , Li Linlin , Li Fei , Liu Linlin , Zou Haoran 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Herringbone gear transmission system is widely used in the fields of ships and aviation,etc. Loaded deformation of teeth, manufacturing and installation errors will cause GS vibration, while modification technology can reduce vibration and noise very effectively.Backlash and bearing clearance have a very important effect on GS nonlinearity. So this paper proposes a tooth surface 3d modification method based on form grinding, deduces terminal section profile equation of tooth profile modification and designs the profile of grinding wheel, finally determines its radial motion law along workpiece on axial modification,which are combined to complete 3d modification equation; Based on TCA and LTCA, obtaining LTE of herringbone gear pair and taking its minimum amplitude as optimization objective to establish 3d modification optimization model, which to obtain the optimal modification parameters by using ALO. On this basis, meshing stiffness of the optimum modified herringbone gear pair is calculated, the bending-torsion-axis coupling multi-clearance nonlinear dynamic model is established, and the nonlinear response under three internal excitations is solved by numerical method. The global vibration characteristics in the parameter domain of gear pair are studied based on bifurcation diagram and MLE, and the local vibration characteristics under specific parameters of gear pair are studied based on diagrams of time domain, phase, frequency spectrum and Poincare section. The results show:Optimized 3d modification can eliminate tooth end and tooth top edge contact and improve tooth contact performance;With the increase of input power, input speed, backlash and STE, the system has the jump, while with the increase of bearing clearance and damping ratio, there is no jump, and system vibration amplitude is significantly lower than the non-modification after being optimized modification; Compared with other parameters, the variation of input speed and STE makes system have complex and changeable bifurcation characteristics; Modification can eliminate jump, but increase chaotic interval; Modification can increase periodic window of system, make system in the alternating change of multiple periodic motion and chaotic motion, which makes system motion more regular. The study provides a basis for parameter selection and optimization of gear system with complex excitations(stiffness,impact and error).
Transcriptome exploration and validation of brexpiprazole regulates cholesterol metabolism in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Ting , Long Xiaoyi , Tang Nenghuan , Liu Xiaojie , Qing Yirou , Chen Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the present study, we investigate the effect of brexpiprazole on cholesterol metabolism in colorectal cancer and its possible mechanism by transcriptome analysis andvalidation. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the effect of brexpiprazole on the viability of colorectal cancer cells. Then, differential genes were identified by RNA-seq assay after treating colon cancer cells (HCT-116) with or without 20.0 μmol/L brexpiprazole for 24 h. After that, PPI network were constructed by the STRING database and Cytoscape to identify the top 120 hub genes, and then GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were measured. Differentially expressed protein and gene were measured by western blot and q-PCR, respectively. Finally, the mechanism of brexpiprazole regulating cholesterol metabolism in colorectal cancer was revealed through a series of in vitro and vivo experiments. The results of WB and q-PCR revealed that brexpiprazole significantly reduced the expression of HMGCR and HMGCS1. Besides, remarkable reduction of cellular Total Cholestenone (TC) levels in HCT-116 and SW620 cells after brexpiprazole treatment. Moreover, brexpiprazole also resulted in the restrained expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and SREBP2 in vivo and vitro.