bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Lung Protective Ventilation in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Levy Elizabeth , Scott Stefania , Tran Teresa , Wang Wei , Mikkelsen Mark E. , Fuchs Barry D. , Kerlin Meeta Prasad 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Prior studies have demonstrated suboptimal adherence to lung protective ventilation among patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. A common barrier to providing this evidence-based practice is diagnostic uncertainty. We sought to test the hypothesis that patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to coronavirus disease 2019, in whom acute respiratory distress syndrome is easily recognized, would be more likely to receive low tidal volume ventilation than concurrently admitted acute respiratory distress syndrome patients without coronavirus disease 2019.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING:
Five hospitals of a single health system.

PATIENTS:
Mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 or noncoronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome as identified by an automated, electronic acute respiratory distress syndrome finder in clinical use at study hospitals.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Among 333 coronavirus disease 2019 patients and 234 noncoronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients, the average initial tidal volume was 6.4 cc/kg predicted body weight and 6.8 cc/kg predicted body weight, respectively. Patients had tidal volumes less than or equal to 6.5 cc/kg predicted body weight for a mean of 70% of the first 72 hours of mechanical ventilation in the coronavirus disease 2019 cohort, compared with 52% in the noncoronavirus disease 2019 cohort (unadjusted p < 0.001). After adjusting for height, gender, admitting hospital, and whether or not the patient was admitted to a medical specialty ICU, coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis was associated with a 21% higher percentage of time receiving tidal volumes less than or equal to 6.5 cc/kg predicted body weight within the first 72 hours of mechanical ventilation (95% CI, 14–28%; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Adherence to low tidal volume ventilation during the first 72 hours of mechanical ventilation is higher in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 than with acute respiratory distress syndrome without coronavirus disease 2019. This population may present an opportunity to understand facilitators of implementation of this life-saving evidence-based practice.
A Rare Sequela of Constriction Band Syndrome: Case Report
Authors: Al Basti Habib , Ahmed Mohamed Badie , Sada Ruba , Malki Mohammed Imad , Al Lahham Salim 
Published: February 2022

Summary:
The patient in this case report is a 19-year-old man who presented with left foot cauliflower lesion. He complained of an inability to wear proper shoes, in addition to an unpleasant appearance of his foot. The lesion was present since his birth. Based on history and physical examination, the top 2 differential diagnoses at this stage were pediatric neurofibroma and constriction band syndrome (CBS). Laboratory investigations and x-ray were ordered for the patient. X-ray showed absence of most of the phalanges of the first, second, and third toes, with swelling of the overlying soft tissues of the foot. CBS was confirmed. Excision of the lesion was done along with skin graft applied on the area. Biopsy showed skin with dermal fibrosis and extensive adipose tissue infiltration without any sign of atypia or malignancy. The patient was discharged with regular follow-up appointments.
Effect of long-term antihypertensive therapy on myocardial strain: a meta-analysis
Authors: Tadic Marijana , Gherbesi Elisa , Sala Carla , Carugo Stefano , Cuspidi Cesare 
Published: February 2022

Aim:
Evidence on the impact of blood pressure (BP)-lowering drugs on left ventricular (LV) mechanics in hypertension is still limited. We performed a meta-analysis of speckle-tracking echocardiographic studies in order to provide a new piece of information on this topic.

Methods:
The PubMed, OVID-MEDLINE, and Cochrane library databases were analysed to search for articles published from the inception up to 31 October 2021. Studies were identified by using MeSH terms and crossing the following search items: ‘myocardial strain’, ‘left ventricular mechanics’, ‘speckle tracking echocardiography’, ‘systolic dysfunction’, ‘left ventricular hypertrophy’, ‘systemic hypertension’, ‘BP lowering drugs,’ ‘antihypertensive therapy’.

Results:
A total of 1140 hypertensive patients (mean age 55.4 years, 50% men, follow-up 6–36 months) were included in eight studies. Pretreatment and posttreatment pooled SBP/DBPs were 148.4 ± 3.5/88.7 ± 2 vs. 127.4 ± 1.9/77.8 ± 0.9 mmHg. Corresponding values for ejection fraction (EF), LV mass (LVM) index, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were 64 ± 2.3 vs. 65.9 ± 1.7% (SMD: 0.14 ± 0.03, CI 0.08– 0.20, P = 0.001); 108.4 ± 11.2 vs. 100.2 ± 11.0 g/m2 (SMD: −0.27 ± 0.10, CI −0.46 to −0.08, P < 0.01); −17.7 ± 0.6 vs. −19.6 ± 0.4%, (SMD 0.26 ± 0.03, CI 0.20–0.32, P < 0.0001), respectively. A meta-regression analysis showed a significant relation between GLS improvement and the extent of reduction of LVMI (P = 0.0003), but not of SBP (P = 0.27).

Conclusion:
Our meta-analysis suggests that antihypertensive treatment has a clear beneficial effect on LV mechanisms, and the improvement in GLS is mainly related to the reduction in LVMI rather than SBP.
Hypertension-mediated organ damage in masked hypertension
Authors: Hinderliter Alan L. , Lin Feng-Chang , Viera Laura A. , Olsson Emily , Klein J. Larry , Viera Anthony J. 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:
Masked hypertension – a blood pressure (BP) phenotype characterized by a clinic BP in the normal range but elevated BP outside the office – is associated with early hypertension-mediated organ damage. This study examined early target organ manifestations of masked hypertension diagnosed by home (HBPM) and ambulatory (ABPM) BP monitoring.

Methods:
Left ventricular (LV) structure and diastolic function measured by echocardiography, microalbuminuria, and coronary artery calcification were evaluated in 420 patients with high clinic BP (SBP 120–150 mmHg or DBP 80–95 mmHg). Evidence of hypertension-mediated organ damage was compared in patients with sustained normotension, masked hypertension, and sustained hypertension based on measurements by HBPM, daytime ABPM, and 24-h ABPM.

Results:
The 420 participants averaged 48 (12) [mean (SD)] years of age; the average clinic BP was 130 (13)/81 (8) mmHg. In individuals with masked hypertension diagnosed by HBPM, indexed LV mass, relative wall thickness, and e′ and E/e′ (indices of LV relaxation), were generally intermediate between values observed in normotensives and sustained hypertensive patients, and were significantly greater in masked hypertension than normotensives. Similar trends were observed when masked hypertension was diagnosed by ABPM but a diagnosis of masked hypertension was not as reliably associated with LV remodeling or impaired LV relaxation in comparison to normotensives. There were trends towards greater likelihoods of detectable urinary microalbumin and coronary calcification in masked hypertension than in normotensives.

Conclusion:
These results support previous studies demonstrating early hypertension-mediated organ damage in patients with masked hypertension, and suggest that HBPM may be superior to ABPM in identifying patients with masked hypertension who have early LV remodeling and diastolic LV dysfunction.
DEVELOPMENT OF FOCAL CHOROIDAL EXCAVATION AFTER ANTIVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR THERAPY FOR POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY
Authors: Uemura Akinori , Hamada Takuto , Mihara Naohisa , Yamakiri Keita 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to describe a case of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, showing a newly developed focal choroidal excavation during a 4-year follow-up period with multiple intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injections.

Methods:
This study was a case report.

Results:
A 64-year-old man was referred for treatment of age-related macular degeneration in his left eye. His corrected visual acuity at initial presentation was 20/20 in both the right and left eye. Optical coherence tomography of the left eye revealed a steep retinal pigment epithelial detachment and subretinal fluid, and indocyanine green angiography confirmed a polypoidal lesion, leading to the diagnosis of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy with pachychoroid features. Thereafter, antivascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injections were continued on a pro re nata basis. Two years after the initial presentation, the sharp pigment epithelial detachment began to shrink, and a novel focal choroidal excavation gradually emerged surrounding the pigment epithelial detachment with an inner choroidal layer attenuation.

Conclusion:
Multiple antivascular endothelial growth factor injections for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy resulted in atrophy of the polypoidal lesion and a decrease in the blood flow in the adjacent inner choroidal vasculature, leading to the formation of a novel focal choroidal excavation.
Incidence and predictors of sudden cardiac arrest in the immediate post-percutaneous coronary intervention period for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-center study
Authors: Abe Temidayo , Olanipekun Titilope , Igwe Joseph , Ndausung Udongwo , Amah Chidi , Chang Albert , Effoe Valery , Egbuche Obiora , Ogunbayo Gbolahan , Onwuanyi Anekwe 
Published: February 2022

Background
Data on the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in the immediate post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) period for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are limited.

Objectives
The study aimed to investigate the trends and predictors of SCA occurring within 48 h post PCI for STEMI.

Methods
We systematically reviewed data from the electronic medical records of 403 patients who underwent PCI for STEMI between January 2014 and December 2019. Trends in the incidence of SCA 48 h post PCI for STEMI were assessed using the Cochrane–Armitage test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of SCA within 48 h post PCI for STEMI.

Results
Of the 403 patients who underwent PCI for STEMI, 44 (11%) had SCA within 48 h post PCI. The incidence of SCA within 48 h post PCI decreased from 22% in 2014 to 8% in 2019; P = 0.03. After adjusting for underlying confounding variables in the multivariable logistic regression models, out of hospital cardiac arrest [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 23.9; confidence interval (CI), 10.2–56.1], left main coronary artery disease (aOR, 3.1; CI, 1.1–9.4), left main PCI (aOR, 6.6; CI: 1.4–31.7), new-onset heart failure (aOR, 2.0; CI, 4.3–9.4), and cardiogenic shock (aOR, 5.8; CI, 1.7–20.2) were statistically significant predictors of SCA within 48 h post PCI for STEMI.

Conclusion
We identified essential factors associated with SCA within 48 h post PCI for STEMI. Future studies are needed to devise effective strategies to decrease the risk of SCA in the early post-PCI period.
Impact of psoas muscle index assessed by a simple measurement method on tolerability and duration of continued treatment with sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Ogushi Katsuaki , Chuma Makoto , Numata Kazushi , Nozaki Akito , Moriya Satoshi , Uojima Haruki , Kondo Masaki , Morimoto Manabu , Maeda Shin 
Published: February 2022

Background
In this study, we investigated the impact of simple measurement of psoas muscle index (PMI) on the tolerability of sorafenib treatment of switch from sorafenib to regorafenib.

Method
This retrospective study enrolled 109 patients with Child–Pugh A hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib. Pretreatment PMI was calculated by measuring and multiplying the greatest anterior/posterior and transverse diameters of the psoas muscles on axial computed tomography images at the L3 vertebral level, and normalizing the sum of bilateral psoas muscle areas by the square of the height in meters. We, then, statistically analyzed the association between PMI and adverse events (AEs) to treatment, tolerability of sorafenib, time to treatment failure (TTF), and prognosis in patients stratified according to PMI.

Result
Patients were divided into high PMI (n = 41) and low PMI (n = 68) groups based on the cutoff PMI values (men: 7.04 cm2/m2; women: 4.40 cm2/m2) determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to determine sorafenib tolerability. Frequencies of all types of severe AEs were higher in the low PMI group (50.0%) than in the high PMI group (29.3%; P = 0.045). The high PMI group (51.2%) had greater tolerance to sorafenib than the low PMI group (25.0%; P = 0.007). Moreover, in multivariable analysis, PMI was associated with sorafenib tolerability (odds ratio 0.26; P = 0.008) and was a prognostic factor affecting TTF (hazard ratio 1.77; P = 0.021).

Conclusion
PMI might be a predictive marker of tolerance to treatment and TTF in HCC patients receiving sorafenib treatment.
Effectiveness and safety of an on-demand ferric carboxymaltose infusion strategy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a real world experience
Authors: Grova Mauro , Crispino Federica , Maida Marcello , Renna Sara , Mannino Mariella , Casà Angelo , Rizzuto Giulia , Macaluso Fabio Salvatore , Orlando Ambrogio 
Published: February 2022

Background
We evaluated an on-demand ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) infusion strategy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Aims
The primary outcome was the response rate to single or multiple FCM infusions after 12 months. Secondary outcomes were the response rate to a single FCM infusion after 3 months and the FCM safety profile.

Methods
We retrospectively included 185 IBD patients who received at least one FCM infusion of 500 mg, between 2015 and 2018. FCM was administered to patients with Hb ≤10 g/dL and hypoferritinemia and repeated according to the physician’s assessment. Complete response (CR) was defined as Hb ≥12 g/dL (≥13 g/dL for men) or Hb increase ≥2 g/dL. Partial response (PR) was defined as an Hb increase between 1 and 2 g/dL. A univariate analysis was performed at 3 and 12 months.

Results
After 12 months, the response rate was 75.1% (CR, 48.6%; PR, 26.4%; mean number of FCM infusions, 1.7 ± 1.1). In total 169/185 patients received a single FCM infusion during the first 3 months and 79.2% achieved response (CR, 56.8%; PR, 22.4%). At univariate analysis, no variable was associated with response. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions
An on-demand strategy was effective and well-tolerated in treating IDA in IBD patients.
Suppression of joint pain in transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 knockout rats with monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis
Authors: Soga Masahiko , Izumi Takaya , Nanchi Isamu , Horita Narumi , Yamamoto Miyuki , Kawasaki Shiori , Ogawa Koichi , Fujita Masahide , Morioka Yasuhide 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) modulates osteoarthritic (OA) pain in animal models. However, the pathophysiological function of TRPV4 in regulating OA pain remains poorly understood.

Methods:
We developed TRPV4-knockout (TRPV4-KO) rats and assessed the effects of Trpv4 gene deficiency in a monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA pain model (MIA rats) by examining pain-related behavior, pathological changes, and electrophysiological changes in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The changes detected in TRPV4-KO rats were confirmed in wild-type rats using a TRPV4 antagonist.

Results:
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4–KO rats showed the same pain threshold as wild-type rats for thermal or pressure stimuli under normal conditions. Trpv4 gene deletion did not suppress the development of osteoarthritis pathologically in MIA rats. However, the OA-related mechanical pain behaviors observed in MIA rats, including decreased grip strength, increased mechanical allodynia, and reduced weight-bearing on the ipsilateral side, were completely suppressed in TRPV4-KO rats. The DRG neurons in wild-type but not TRPV4-KO MIA rats were depolarized with increased action potentials. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 antagonist treatments recapitulated the effects of genetic Trpv4 deletion.

Conclusion:
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 was sensitized in the DRG neurons of MIA rats and played a critical role in the development of OA pain. These results suggest that the inhibition of TRPV4 might be a novel potent analgesic strategy for treating OA pain.
Blue-light treatment reduces spontaneous and evoked pain in a human experimental pain model
Authors: Reuss Anna Maria , Groos Dominik , Scholl Robert , Schröter Marco , Maihöfner Christian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Chronic pain is a frequent severe disease and often associated with anxiety, depression, insomnia, disability, and reduced quality of life. This maladaptive condition is further characterized by sensory loss, hyperalgesia, and allodynia. Blue light has been hypothesized to modulate sensory neurons and thereby influence nociception.

Objectives:
Here, we compared the effects of blue light vs red light and thermal control on pain sensation in a human experimental pain model.

Methods:
Pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia were induced in 30 healthy volunteers through high-density transcutaneous electrical stimulation. Subsequently, blue light, red light, or thermal control treatment was applied in a cross-over design. The nonvisual effects of the respective light treatments were examined using a well-established quantitative sensory testing protocol. Somatosensory parameters as well as pain intensity and quality were scored.

Results:
Blue light substantially reduced spontaneous pain as assessed by numeric rating scale pain scoring. Similarly, pain quality was significantly altered as assessed by the German counterpart of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Furthermore, blue light showed antihyperalgesic, antiallodynic, and antihypesthesic effects in contrast to red light or thermal control treatment.

Conclusion:
Blue-light phototherapy ameliorates pain intensity and quality in a human experimental pain model and reveals antihyperalgesic, antiallodynic, and antihypesthesic effects. Therefore, blue-light phototherapy may be a novel approach to treat pain in multiple conditions.
Revisiting Management Strategies for Popliteal Artery Injuries
Authors: Lin Cen-Hung , Consuegra Ma. Dulce Lafuente , Lin Tsan-Shiun 
Published: February 2022

Background
Popliteal artery injuries (PAIs) were reported to own the highest rates of limb loss in vascular injuries of extremities. The complex nature of PAIs makes the treatment more difficult. We aimed to present our cases using our proposed algorithm and revisit the strategies for management.

Patients and Methods
A retrospective study of 45 cases with PAIs managed at the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital over a 10-year period was conducted. The proposed algorithm for decision making was applied, which contains variables including the interval before surgery, the revascularization being delayed or not, the presence of fasciotomy, the acquisition of preoperative angiography, and the existence of collateral circulation. Whether the injured limbs were salvaged successfully avoiding amputation was recorded.

Results
Of all the included 45 patients, the rate of a successful salvage of the injured limb from amputation was 71.1%. Six patients did not receive revascularization because of their poor conditions of the injured limbs. In terms of limb salvage in PAIs, the interval before surgery, the revascularization being delayed or not, the presence of fasciotomy, or the acquisition of preoperative angiography did not make a significant difference (P > 0.05). Instead, an existence of collateral circulation at the distal injured limb was correlated to a significant higher rate of salvage, regardless of having revascularization or not (P = 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). Seven patients had the injured vessels repaired directly and all were prevented from amputation. In other patients who underwent vascular repair using a graft, vein graft (n = 20) showed a higher successful rate in salvage significantly than Gore-Tex graft (n = 9, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Collateral circulation determines much of the fate of limb salvage in PAIs. As a result, a delayed revascularization could be accepted as long as there is existence of collateral circulation at the distal injured limb. An autologous vein graft is favored when a direct repair is not able to be performed for revascularization. Although fasciotomy was not found to be associated with a successful salvage in this study, its importance could not be neglected and it should be performed when there is an observed or impending compartment syndrome.
Psycho-cognitive assessment and quality of life in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-carrying the rs4713916 gene polymorphism (G/A) of gene FKBP5 and response to pulmonary rehabilitation: a proof of concept study
Authors: Marcolongo Federica , Scarlata Simone , Tomino Carlo , De Dominicis Chiara , Giacconi Robertina , Malavolta Marco , Bonassi Stefano , Russo Patrizia , Prinzi Giulia 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by pulmonary and extra-pulmonary multi-morbidity including depression, anxiety and cognitive disorders. Several studies investigated the association of the FKBP5 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to anxiety, depression, and behavioral disorders. The FKBP5 gene codifies the FKBP51 protein which modulates the glucocorticoid receptor in the adaptive stress response. Genetic variants of the FKBP5 gene have been associated to a higher risk of developing mental disorders. We analyzed the association of genetic variants and stress exposure investigating the susceptibility to psychological distress and the impact on cognitive balance and quality of life (QoL) of COPD patients carrying the rs4713916 polymorphism (G/A) and we examined its association, with COPD rehabilitative outcomes.

Materials and methods
A pilot study evaluated cognitive, psychological, clinical alterations/disorders, QoL, and coping strategies in 70 older adults with COPD, undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation, stratified according to the FKBP5 rs4713916 genotype (GG or GA).

Results
Carriers of rs4713916 polymorphisms (G/A) show better cognitive performances, a higher degree of independence in the daily living activities, better QoL, no presence of depressive mood and anxiety symptoms, no family history of psychiatric disorders, more ability to cope with stressors by avoiding emotions but demanding emotional support, and lesser use of anti-anxiety, anti-depressant, anti-psychotic, hypnotic-sedative drugs. No difference was found in the number of comorbidities.

Conclusion
These results offer valuable insights into the role of FKBP5 in the complex network of mechanisms associated to clinical, psychological and behavioral features of COPD patients.