bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long swings in the growth of government expenditure: an international historical perspective
Authors: Gallegati Marco , Tamberi Massimo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAdopting an international historical perspective, this study aims to identify the main empirical regularities in the long-run growth pattern of government expenditure. The application of parametric and non-parametric analyses to a sample of developed countries observed over the period 1880–2018 allows us to detect two main findings. The first is that, beyond the long-term growth of government expenditures in absolute terms, there is evidence for three expansionary long waves corresponding to the booms before and during the twentieth century’s two world wars, along with the ‘golden age of public sector intervention’. The latter refers to the decline in cross-country heterogeneity in the trends and composition of absolute growth of government expenditure since the 1960s. The ‘ratchet phenomenon’ in the pre-WWII period and the shift in ideological focus from market to government failures in the last decades of the twentieth century provide explanations that complement Wagner’s law and are consistent with the observed long-term evolution of the growth of government expenditure.
Automated semi-quantitative amyloid PET analysis technique without MR images for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Imabayashi Etsuko , Tamamura Naoyuki , Yamaguchi Yuzuho , Kamitaka Yuto , Sakata Muneyuki , Ishii Kenji 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
Although beta-amyloid (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) images are interpreted visually as positive or negative, approximately 10% are judged as equivocal in Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, we aimed to develop an automated semi-quantitative analysis technique using 18F-flutemetamol PET images without anatomical images.

Methods
Overall, 136 cases of patients administered 18F-flutemetamol were enrolled. Of 136 cases, five PET images each with the highest and lowest values of standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) of cerebral cortex-to-pons were used to create positive and negative templates. Using these templates, PET images of the remaining 126 cases were standardized, and SUVr images were produced with the pons as a reference region. The mean of SUVr values in the volume of interest delineated on the cerebral cortex was compared to those in the CortexID Suite (GE Healthcare). Furthermore, centiloid (CL) values were calculated for the 126 cases using data from the Centiloid Project (http://www.gaain.org/centiloid-project) and both templates. 18F-flutemetamol-PET was interpreted visually as positive/negative based on Aβ deposition in the cortex. However, the criterion "equivocal" was added for cases with focal or mild Aβ accumulation that were difficult to categorize. Optimal cutoff values of SUVr and CL maximizing sensitivity and specificity for Aβ detection were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis using the visual evaluation as a standard of truth.

Results
SUVr calculated by our method and CortexID were highly correlated (R2 = 0.9657). The 126 PET images comprised 84 negative and 42 positive cases of Aβ deposition by visual evaluation, of which 11 and 10 were classified as equivocal, respectively. ROC analyses determined the optimal cutoff values, sensitivity, and specificity for SUVr as 0.544, 89.3%, and 92.9%, respectively, and for CL as 12.400, 94.0%, and 92.9%, respectively. Both semi-quantitative analyses showed that 12 and 9 of the 21 equivocal cases were negative and positive, respectively, under the optimal cutoff values.

Conclusions
This semi-quantitative analysis technique using 18F-flutemetamol-PET calculated SUVr and CL automatically without anatomical images. Moreover, it objectively and homogeneously interpreted positive or negative Aβ burden in the brain as a supplemental tool for the visual reading of equivocal cases in routine clinical practice.
ASXL1 mutations with serum EPO levels predict poor response to darbepoetin alfa in lower-risk MDS: W-JHS MDS01 trial
Authors: Morita Yasuyoshi , Nannya Yasuhito , Ichikawa Motoshi , Hanamoto Hitoshi , Shibayama Hirohiko , Maeda Yoshinobu , Hata Tomoko , Miyamoto Toshihiro , Kawabata Hiroshi , Takeuchi Kazuto , Tanaka Hiroko , Kishimoto Junji , Miyano Satoru , Matsumura Itaru , Ogawa Seishi , Akashi Koichi , Kanakura Yuzuru , Mitani Kinuko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDarbepoetin alfa (DA) is used to treat anemia in lower-risk (IPSS low or int-1) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, whether mutations can predict the effectiveness of DA has not been examined. The present study aimed to determine predictive gene mutations. The primary endpoint was a correlation between the presence of highly frequent (≥ 10%) mutations and hematological improvement-erythroid according to IWG criteria 2006 by DA (240 μg/week) until week 16. The study included 79 patients (age 29–90, median 77.0 years; 52 [65.8%] male). Frequently (≥ 10%) mutated genes were SF3B1 (24 cases, 30.4%), TET2 (20, 25.3%), SRSF2 (10, 12.7%), ASXL1 (9, 11.4%), and DNMT3A (8, 10.1%). Overall response rate to DA was 70.9%. Multivariable analysis including baseline erythropoietin levels and red blood cell transfusion volumes as variables revealed that erythropoietin levels and mutations of ASXL1 gene were significantly associated with worse response (odds ratio 0.146, 95% confidence interval 0.042–0.503; p = 0.0023, odds ratio 0.175, 95% confidence interval 0.033–0.928; p = 0.0406, respectively). This study indicated that anemic patients who have higher erythropoietin levels and harbor ASXL1 gene mutations may respond poorly to DA. Alternative strategies are needed for the treatment of anemia in this population. Trial registration number and date of registration: UMIN000022185 and 09/05/2016.
Regioisomeric Polymer Semiconductors Based on Cyano-Functionalized Dialkoxybithiophenes: Structure–Property Relationship and Photovoltaic Performance
Authors: Bai Qingqing , Huang Jun , Guo Han , Ma Suxiang , Yang Jie , Liu Bin , Yang Kun , Sun Huiliang , Woo Han Young , Niu Li , Guo Xugang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCyano substitution is vital to the molecular design of polymer semiconductors toward highly efficient organic solar cells. However, how regioselectivity impacts relevant optoelectronic properties in cyano-substituted bithiophene systems remain poorly understood. Three regioisomeric cyano-functionalized dialkoxybithiophenes BTHH, BTHT, and BTTT with head-to-head, head-to-tail, and tail-to-tail linkage, respectively, were synthesized and characterized in this work. The resulting polymer semiconductors (PBDTBTs) based on these building blocks were prepared accordingly. The regiochemistry and property relationships of PBDTBTs were investigated in detail. The BTHH moiety has a higher torsional barrier than the analogs BTHT and BTTT, and the regiochemistry of dialkoxybithiophenes leads to fine modulation in the optoelectronic properties of these polymers, such as optical absorption, band gap, and energy levels of frontier molecular orbitals. Organic field-effect transistors based on PBDTBTHH had higher hole mobility (4.4 × 10−3 cm2/(V·s)) than those (ca. 10−4 cm2/(V·s)) of the other two polymer analogs. Significantly different short-circuit current densities and fill factors were obtained in polymer solar cells using PBDTBTs as the electron donors. Such difference was probed in greater detail by performing space-charge-limited current mobility, thin-film morphology, and transient photocurrent/photovoltage characterizations. The findings highlight that the BTHH unit is a promising building block for the construction of polymer donors for high-performance organic photovoltaic cells.
Graphical abstract
Cerebellar Dysfunction as a Source of Dystonic Phenotypes in Mice
Authors: Brown Amanda M. , van der Heijden Meike E. , Jinnah H. A. , Sillitoe Roy V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere is now a substantial amount of compelling evidence demonstrating that the cerebellum may be a central locus in dystonia pathogenesis. Studies using spontaneous genetic mutations in rats and mice, engineered genetic alleles in mice, shRNA knockdown in mice, and conditional genetic silencing of fast neurotransmission in mice have all uncovered a common set of behavioral and electrophysiological defects that point to cerebellar cortical and cerebellar nuclei dysfunction as a source of dystonic phenotypes. Here, we revisit the Ptf1aCre/+;Vglut2flox/flox mutant mouse to define fundamental phenotypes and measures that are valuable for testing the cellular, circuit, and behavioral mechanisms that drive dystonia. In this model, excitatory neurotransmission from climbing fibers is genetically eliminated and, as a consequence, Purkinje cell and cerebellar nuclei firing are altered in vivo, with a prominent and lasting irregular burst pattern of spike activity in cerebellar nuclei neurons. The resulting impact on behavior is that the mice have developmental abnormalities, including twisting of the limbs and torso. These behaviors continue into adulthood along with a tremor, which can be measured with a tremor monitor or EMG. Importantly, expression of dystonic behavior is reduced upon cerebellar-targeted deep brain stimulation. The presence of specific combinations of disease-like features and therapeutic responses could reveal the causative mechanisms of different types of dystonia and related conditions. Ultimately, an emerging theme places cerebellar dysfunction at the center of a broader dystonia brain network.
LncRNAs as epigenetic regulators of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ma Yan , Di Yang , Li Qiuyue , Zhan Qilin , He Xiaomeng , Liu Shanshan , Zou Heng , Corpe Christopher , Chen Litian , Wang Jin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPancreatic cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality because of tumor metastasis. Activation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway has been confirmed to be an important driver of pancreatic cancer progression from initiation to metastasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to exert essential physiological functions in pancreatic cancer progression by regulating the EMT program. In this review, we have summarized the role of EMT-related lncRNAs in human pancreatic cancer and the potential molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs can be vital epigenetic regulators of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Specifically, EMT-activating transcription factors (EMT-TFs) regulate EMT via TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-catenin, and JAK/STAT pathways. In addition, the interaction between lncRNAs and HIF-1α and m6A RNA methylation also have an impact on tumor metastasis and EMT in pancreatic cancer. This review will provide insights into lncRNAs as promising biomarkers for tumor metastasis and potential therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer.
NLRP3 Inflammasome Overactivation in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Díaz-García Elena , Nanwani-Nanwani Kapil , García-Tovar Sara , Alfaro Enrique , López-Collazo Eduardo , Quintana-Díaz Manuel , García-Rio Francisco , Cubillos-Zapata Carolina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is an uncommon and severe subtype of stroke leading to the loss of many years of productive life. We analyzed NLRP3 activity as well as key components of the inflammasome cascade in monocytes and plasma from 28 patients with aSAH and 14 normal controls using flow cytometry, western blot, ELISA, and qPCR technologies. Our data reveal that monocytes from patients with aSAH present an overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which results in the presence of high plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, gasdermin D, and tissue factor. Although further research is needed, we propose that serum tissue factor concentration might be a useful prognosis biomarker for clinical outcome, and for Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy and cerebral vasospasm prediction. Remarkably, MCC-950 inhibitor effectively blocks NLRP3 activation in aSAH monocyte culture and supresses tissue factor release to the extracellular space. Finally, our findings suggest that NLRP3 activation could be due to the release of erythrocyte breakdown products to the subarachnoid space during aSAH event. These data define NLRP3 activation in monocytes from aSAH patients, indicating systemic inflammation that results in serum TF upregulation which in turns correlates with aSAH severity and might serve as a prognosis biomarker for aSAH clinical outcome and for cerebral vasospasm and Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy prediction.
Remaining useful life prediction for rolling bearings based on similarity feature fusion and convolutional neural network
Authors: Nie Lei , Zhang Lvfan , Xu Shiyi , Cai Wentao , Yang Haoming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs a critical content of condition-based maintenance (CBM) for mechanical systems, remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of rolling bearing attracts extensive attention to this day. Through mining the bearing degradation rule from operating data, the deep learning method is often used to perform RUL prediction. However, due to the complexity of operating data, it is usually difficult to establish a satisfactory deep learning model for accurate RUL prediction. Thus, a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) prediction method based on similarity feature fusion is proposed. In this paper, the similarity features are extracted based on the correlation between statistical features and time series. After sensitive feature screening, eligible features are applied to develop a health indicator (HI), which can be used to define the bearing failure stages and reduces the complexity of the CNN model. Subsequently, a one-dimensional CNN is established to predict the RUL of bearing, and the HI is utilized to train the prediction model. The proposed approach is verified by FEMTO bearing datasets and IMS bearing datasets. And the experimental results reveal the superiority and effectiveness of the feature fusion-based CNN method in constructing HI and accurate RUL prediction.
Autonomous adaptive control of manufacturing parameters based on local regression modeling
Authors: Takayanagi Masayoshi , Yoshino Mutsumi , Kikuchi Genta , Kanke Tomoko , Suzuki Noriyuki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe demand for the autonomous adaptive control of manufacturing lines has been growing to realize productivity improvement and carbon neutrality. We propose a methodology to realize the autonomous control of product quality under the existence of effects from non-measurable parameters. By local linear regression modeling with temporal neighborhood data, a single manufacturing parameter is selected by the obtained regression coefficients. Simulation results demonstrated that the straightforward multiple regression modeling often resulted in unstable control behavior with vibrations in product quality. We tested three approaches (scaling the amount of control, introduction of control interval, and semiparametric regression modeling for regression) to cope with the unstable behavior. The semiparametric regression model exhibited the best performance in realizing the stable control by correctly selecting the control target parameter with the additional non-linear term, that compensates the time-dependent non-measurable parameters.
Zum Tod von Erwin Faul: Ein „Steuermann“ für die ersten Jahrzehnte der modernen deutschen Politikwissenschaft
Authors: Molt Peter 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungAm 27. Dezember 2020 ist Erwin Faul, der letzte Zeitzeuge der Anfangsjahre der deutschen Politikwissenschaft verstorben. Er war Mitarbeiter von Alfred Weber und Dolf Sternberger am INSOSTA der Universität Heidelberg und verfasste eine der ersten Forschungsarbeiten zur Machtgewinnung Hitlers. Seit 1960 war er für fast 20 Jahre zuerst Chefredakteur und dann Herausgeber der Politischen Vierteljahresschrift (PVS) und 16 Jahre lang Vorstandsmitglied der Deutschen Vereinigung für Politikwissenschaft (DVPW). 1983 wurde er Gründungsmitglied der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Politikwissenschaft (DGfP). Erwin Faul leistete einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Beginn der Politikwissenschaft in Deutschland.
Nahrungsergänzungsmittel und die Schilddrüse – ein Update zur Supplementierung von Mikronährstoffen
Authors: Deischinger Carola , Krebs Michael , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungSchilddrüsenhormone steuern direkt und indirekt viele metabolische Vorgänge, welche für Wachstum, Entwicklung und Stoffwechsel entscheidend sind. Ein essenzieller Mikronährstoff für die Schilddrüsenhormonproduktion ist Jod, welches einen Bestandteil der Schilddrüsenhormone Triiodthyronin (T3) und Thyroxin (T4) bildet. Österreich ist aufgrund der geografischen Lage für Jodmangel prädisponiert. Jodmangel kann speziell in der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit problematisch sein, weshalb in dieser Population eine Jodsupplementation empfohlen wird. Selen trägt in der Form der Aminosäure Selenocystein als Bestandteil von Dejodinasen einen maßgeblichen Teil zur Funktion der Schilddrüse, zum Beispiel bei der Umwandlung zwischen aktiven und inaktiven Formen von Schilddrüsenhormonen, bei. Die bisher vorhandenen klinischen Daten deuten insgesamt auf ein beachtliches Potenzial von Selensupplementation bei Hypothyreose oder Autoimmunerkrankungen der Schilddrüse hin. Für andere Vitamine und Mineralstoffe wie Zink, Magnesium, Eisen, Vitamin D und C ist die derzeitige Studienlage unzureichend, um eine Empfehlung auszusprechen. Zusammenfassend ist neben der bereits in Leitlinien empfohlenen Behandlung von Jodmangelzuständen auch eine gezielte Selensupplementation für bestimmte Patientenpopulationen möglicherweise sinnvoll.
Large-time behavior of solutions of parabolic equations on the real line with convergent initial data III: unstable limit at infinity
Authors: Pauthier Antoine , Poláčik Peter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis is a continuation, and conclusion, of our study of bounded solutions u of the semilinear parabolic equation $$u_t=u_{xx}+f(u)$$

u
t

=

u

xx

+
f

(
u
)

on the real line whose initial data $$u_0=u(\cdot ,0)$$

u
0

=
u

(
·
,
0
)

have finite limits $$\theta ^\pm $$

θ
±

as $$x\rightarrow \pm \infty $$

x
→
±
∞

. We assume that f is a locally Lipschitz function on $$\mathbb {R}$$
R
satisfying minor nondegeneracy conditions. Our goal is to describe the asymptotic behavior of u(x, t) as $$t\rightarrow \infty $$

t
→
∞

. In the first two parts of this series we mainly considered the cases where either $$\theta ^-\ne \theta ^+$$

θ
-

≠

θ
+

; or $$\theta ^\pm =\theta _0$$

θ
±

=

θ
0

and $$f(\theta _0)\ne 0$$

f
(

θ
0

)
≠
0

; or else $$\theta ^\pm =\theta _0$$

θ
±

=

θ
0

, $$f(\theta _0)=0$$

f
(

θ
0

)
=
0

, and $$\theta _0$$

θ
0

is a stable equilibrium of the equation $${{\dot{\xi }}}=f(\xi )$$

ξ
˙

=
f

(
ξ
)

. In all these cases we proved that the corresponding solution u is quasiconvergent—if bounded—which is to say that all limit profiles of $$u(\cdot ,t)$$

u
(
·
,
t
)

as $$t\rightarrow \infty $$

t
→
∞

are steady states. The limit profiles, or accumulation points, are taken in $$L^\infty _{loc}(\mathbb {R})$$

L

loc

∞

(
R
)

. In the present paper, we take on the case that $$\theta ^\pm =\theta _0$$

θ
±

=

θ
0

, $$f(\theta _0)=0$$

f
(

θ
0

)
=
0

, and $$\theta _0$$

θ
0

is an unstable equilibrium of the equation $${{\dot{\xi }}}=f(\xi )$$

ξ
˙

=
f

(
ξ
)

. Our earlier quasiconvergence theorem in this case involved some restrictive technical conditions on the solution, which we now remove. Our sole condition on $$u(\cdot ,t)$$

u
(
·
,
t
)

is that it is nonoscillatory (has only finitely many critical points) at some $$t\ge 0$$

t
≥
0

. Since it is known that oscillatory bounded solutions are not always quasiconvergent, our result is nearly optimal.
Molecular Chaperone HSPA2 Distribution During Hyaluronic Acid Selection in Human Sperm
Authors: Gómez-Torres María José , Huerta-Retamal Natalia , Sáez-Espinosa Paula , Robles-Gómez Laura , Avilés Manuel , Aizpurua Jon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDuring fertilization, sperm hyaluronidase activity is essential for spermatozoa to successfully penetrate the hyaluronic acid-enriched extracellular matrix of the cumulus cells. Since molecular chaperones, as the heat shock protein A2, are typically involved in bringing hyaluronic acid receptors to the cell surface, here we evaluated the presence and spatial location of HSPA2 on human spermatozoa based on its hyaluronic acid binding capacity. This study included 16 normozoospermic sperm samples from volunteering donors. The location of HSPA2 was studied in cells before and after 1-h incubation under capacitating conditions, as well as in spermatozoa selected according to their ability of binding to hyaluronic acid. Our results showed no significant differences in HSPA2 immunofluorescent cells before and after 1 h of incubation in capacitating conditions. Nevertheless, after hyaluronic acid selection, the percentage of HSPA2-labelled cells increased significantly, indicating that the interaction with hyaluronic acid may induce the unmasking of HSPA2 epitopes. Furthermore, after swim-up and hyaluronic acid selection, spermatozoa presented a highly immunostained equatorial band with a homogeneous fluorescence throughout the acrosomal region. This distribution has been previously suggested to have important implications in male fertility. Noteworthy, a homogeneous fluorescence among the acrosomal region with a more intense labelling at the apical region was observed only in hyaluronic acid bound sperm cells, which may be associated with primary gamete recognition. Our findings suggest that the hyaluronic acid selection technique and HSPA2 biomarker should be considered candidates to complement the classic seminal analysis before recommending an appropriate assisted reproduction technique.
TT3.1: a journey to protect chloroplasts upon heat stress
Authors: Li Jin-Yu , Liu Jian-Xiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple crop that feeds over half the world’s population. High temperature stress is a great threaten to sustainable agriculture and leads to yield loss and impaired grain quality in major crops. Rice is sensitive to heat stress at almost all the growth stages and the molecular mechanisms underlying responses to heat stress in rice is emerging. Through quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, a recent study conducted by Zhang et al. shows that one genetic locus Thermo-tolerance 3 (TT3) contains two genes that are required for thermotolerance in rice. The TT3.1–TT3.2 genetic module in rice links the plasma membrane to chloroplasts to protect chloroplasts from heat stress damage and increases grain yield under heat stress conditions. This breakthrough provides a promising strategy for future breeding of high temperature resilient crops.
Antiemetic Strategies in Patients Who Undergo Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Yuda Sayako , Fuji Shigeo , Savani Bipin , Gatwood Katie S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an integral part of the treatment strategy in patients with a hematological disorder. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is still an issue in patients who undergo HSCT. While several guidelines for the antiemetic therapy against CINV have been published, there is no detailed information about appropriate antiemetic drugs for each conditioning regimen in HSCT. Various studies reported that the triplet of 5-HT3RA, NK1RA, and dexamethasone appears useful in HSCT. However, each antiemetic has unique adverse effects or interactions with specific drugs. Here, we review the literature relating to clinical trials on the prevention of CINV, and summarize the information to clarify the benefit of antiemetic regimens.