bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time will tell: psychological ownership, temporal focus and attitudes toward women as managers in Ethiopia
Authors: Delle Meba Tadesse , Segaro Ethiopia Legesse , Naldi Lucia 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the individual factors that directly and indirectly favor (or hinder) employees’ attitudes toward women in management. Two sides of psychological ownership (PO), promotion-focused and prevention-focused PO, are studied as having a direct effect on employees’ attitudes toward women in management. Past and future temporal focuses are examined as possible antecedents to the sides of PO, and as indirectly affecting employees’ attitudes toward women in management.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey questionnaires were collected from 230 MBA and related program students who were currently working and enrolled in one of six different universities in Ethiopia. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to validate all measurement scales, and structural equation modeling was used to test the study hypotheses using Mplus software.

Findings
Employees with promotion-focused PO and employees with prevention-focused PO had a favorable and unfavorable attitude, respectively, toward women in management. In addition, a future temporal focus had a significant positive effect on promotion-focused PO, and a past temporal focus had a significant positive effect on prevention-focused PO. Overall, this mediation model showed that promotion-focused PO partially mediates the relationship between future temporal focus and attitudes toward equal opportunity for women managers, whereas prevention-focused PO fully mediates the negative relationship between past temporal focus and attitudes toward women in management.

Practical implications
This study provides new insight for organizations by showing how employees’ temporal focus explains their side of PO and how that affects their reaction toward women in management.

Originality/value
A new mechanism for revealing gender inequality in organizations is introduced. Moreover, the relationship between temporal focus and PO is discovered. This study is novel in providing an understanding of the antecedent to and effect of prevention-focused PO, which are largely overlooked in extant research.
Strategic brand innovation – an explorative study of up- and downstream brand innovation practices in SME wineries
Authors: Dreßler Marc , Paunovic Ivan 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore brand innovation practices in small and medium enterprise (SME) wineries to found mid-range theory of brand innovation and to explain the interaction between upstream and downstream brand innovation during brand (re)launch.

Design/methodology/approach
This study deploys a qualitative research method. Data was collected through semi-structured telephone interviews with winery owners and managers from 20 German wineries. The approach explored both product and product line brands, organizational brands regarding upstream and downstream innovation and their mutual interaction.

Findings
The analyzed wineries provide evidence for up- and downstream brand innovation in the wine industry, thereby confirming previous findings that the wine industry is increasingly driven not only by tradition but also by innovation. The cases demonstrate that upscale SME wineries are able to distinguish between upstream and downstream innovation and integrate them in a meaningful way. Furthermore, the results point to the importance of team knowledge sharing and professional networks for successful upstream brand innovation, as well as social media for downstream brand innovation.

Originality/value
This paper presents a novel mid-range theory of brand innovation in winery SMEs, where resource constraints and a frugal approach to innovation demand for an integrated, hands-on approach.
Balanced spatial distribution of green areas creates healthier urban landscapes
Authors: Cirino Douglas William , Tambosi Leandro Reverberi , Mauad Thais , de Freitas Simone Rodrigues , Metzger Jean Paul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

The benefits of green infrastructure on human well‐being in urban areas are already well‐established, with strong evidence of the positive effects of the amount and proximity to green areas. However, the understanding of how the spatial distribution and type of green areas affect health is still an open question.

Here, through a land sharing and sparing framework, we explore how different spatial configurations of green and built‐up areas and how different types of green areas can affect cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalizations in São Paulo city, Brazil.

Sharing/sparing indicators were selected as the main explanatory factors in the control of all groups of diseases. Land sharing appeared as a favourable spatial condition to prevent cardiovascular hospitalization, while land sparing and arboreal vegetation were relevant to reduce hospitalization by lower respiratory diseases.

For upper respiratory diseases, forests seem to provide a disservice, once they were associated with increased rates of hospitalization by respiratory allergies causes.

Considering that hospitalization rates and severity of cardiovascular diseases are substantially higher than those of upper respiratory ones, dense vegetation tends to provide more services than disservices. The land sharing configuration, which is characterized by green areas spread throughout the urban network (in streets, gardens, small squares or parks), should lead to higher exposure and use of the benefits of green areas, which may then explain the greater prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

These novel results indicate that a more balanced distribution of green areas across built‐up areas creates healthier urban spaces, and thus can be used as an urban planning strategy to leverage the health benefits provided by green infrastructure.

Policy implications. Aiming to reduce hospitalizations by cardiovascular and pulmonary causes, urban planning should promote the spreading of green areas across the cities, in order to increase daily contact with natural attributes, giving preference to distribution over total quantity of green in urban landscape.
Audit Implications of Non‐GAAP Reporting
Authors: HALLMAN NICHOLAS J. , SCHMIDT JAIME J. , THOMPSON ANNE M. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTWe investigate whether non‐GAAP reporting affects the audit process and thereby the quality of the related financial statements. First, we provide evidence that auditors in numerous countries, including the United States and the United Kingdom, rely to varying degrees on non‐GAAP profit before tax as a benchmark for determining quantitative materiality. Then, using Premium Listed companies on the London Stock Exchange, we document that U.K. auditor reliance on non‐GAAP materiality benchmarks often results in a higher quantitative materiality amount and can lower audit quality. Although U.K. auditors appear skeptical of managers’ more aggressive non‐GAAP adjustments, auditors adopt more of management's low‐quality adjustments when auditor independence is weaker. In sum, our results suggest that non‐GAAP reporting can indirectly affect investors by reducing the rigor of the financial statement audit.
On criticism, human resource management and civility
Authors: Brewster Chris 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIf you are interested in people as a subject, even if you are interested in them only as an aspect of the effective managing of organisations, you are likely to be more aware of the impact of your actions and reactions on others, and therefore more likely to be civil. But perhaps we still need to keep the issue of civility in our minds as we write our papers and our emails, review others' work and aim to develop a new generation of researchers.
A needs–supplies fit perspective on employee perceptions of HR practices and their relationship with employee outcomes
Authors: Van Beurden Jeske , Van Veldhoven Marc , Van de Voorde Karina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study explores the employees' views on the effectiveness of HR practices for their job performance, drawing from a needs–supplies (N–S) fit approach. Findings based on 465 employees show a positive association between the N–S fit of present HR practices (i.e., employees perceiving supplied practices as needed) and engagement and proactive behaviour. The N–S fit of absent HR practices (i.e., employees indicating they do not need the non‐offered practices) is positively associated with engagement and negatively with proactive behaviour. Additionally, proactive behaviour and engagement are higher when employees experience present practices as effective and absent practices as irrelevant for their functioning. Also, these outcomes are higher when employees experience supplied practices as effective while missing essential practices, than when the supplied practices are ineffective and absent practices are irrelevant. Organisations can use this approach to revisit HR practices that waste organizational resources and introduce HR practices that improve employee functioning.
Protein restriction and branched‐chain amino acid restriction promote geroprotective shifts in metabolism
Authors: Trautman Michaela E. , Richardson Nicole E. , Lamming Dudley W. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe proportion of humans suffering from age‐related diseases is increasing around the world, and creative solutions are needed to promote healthy longevity. Recent work has clearly shown that a calorie is not just a calorie—and that low protein diets are associated with reduced mortality in humans and promote metabolic health and extended lifespan in rodents. Many of the benefits of protein restriction on metabolism and aging are the result of decreased consumption of the three branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs), leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Here, we discuss the emerging evidence that BCAAs are critical modulators of healthy metabolism and longevity in rodents and humans, as well as the physiological and molecular mechanisms that may drive the benefits of BCAA restriction. Our results illustrate that protein quality—the specific composition of dietary protein—may be a previously unappreciated driver of metabolic dysfunction and that reducing dietary BCAAs may be a promising new approach to delay and prevent diseases of aging.
A’uwẽ (Xavante) Sacred Food Plants: Maize and Wild Root Vegetables
Authors: Welch James R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn lowland South America, sacred food plants have taken an ethnographic back seat to psychotropic plants. Yet, such foods are often central to local understandings of mythology, healing, ceremony, and spiritual well‐being. In this article, I elucidate the sacred nature of two kinds of food plants that occupy special sociocultural spaces among the A’uwẽ (Xavante) in Central Brazil: cultivated maize and collected root vegetables. Although these are not the only sacred food plants in A’uwẽ society, they are iconic because they are considered uniquely appropriate gifts during certain ceremonial and ritual events. I also explore how I conducted research about ceremonial ethnobotanical topics in a society that considers most sacred and spiritual knowledge privileged. Both sacred plant foods highlighted here continue to be commonly given as presents expressing gratitude to others during popular ceremonial occasions, thereby maintaining them in the collective consciousness as integral components of contemporary social life.
Bedaquiline exposure in pregnancy and breastfeeding in women with rifampicin‐resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Court Richard , Gausi Kamunkhwala , Mkhize Buyisile , Wiesner Lubbe , Waitt Catriona , McIlleron Helen , Maartens Gary , Denti Paolo , Loveday Marian 
Published: May 2022

AimsWe aimed to explore the effect of pregnancy on bedaquiline pharmacokinetics (PK) and describe bedaquiline exposure in the breast milk of mothers treated for rifampicin‐resistant tuberculosis (TB), where there are no human data available.MethodsWe performed a longitudinal PK study in pregnant women treated for rifampicin‐resistant TB to explore the effect of pregnancy on bedaquiline exposure. Pharmacokinetic sampling was performed at 4 time‐points over 6 hours in the third trimester, and again at approximately 6 weeks postpartum. We obtained serial breast milk samples from breastfeeding mothers, and a single plasma sample taken from breastfed and nonbreastfed infants to assess bedaquiline exposure. We used liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to perform the breast milk and plasma bedaquiline assays, and population PK modelling to interpret the bedaquiline concentrations.ResultsWe recruited 13 women, 6 of whom completed the ante‐ and postpartum PK sampling. All participants were HIV‐positive on antiretroviral therapy. We observed lower ante‐ and postpartum bedaquiline exposures than reported in nonpregnant controls. Bedaquiline concentrations in breast milk were higher than maternal plasma (milk to maternal plasma ratio: 14:1). A single random plasma bedaquiline and M2 concentration was available in 4 infants (median age: 6.5 wk): concentrations in the 1 breastfed infant were similar to maternal plasma concentrations; concentrations in the 3 nonbreastfed infants were detectable but lower than maternal plasma concentrations.ConclusionWe report low exposure of bedaquiline in pregnant women treated for rifampicin‐resistant TB. Bedaquiline significantly accumulates in breast milk; breastfed infants receive mg/kg doses of bedaquiline equivalent to maternal doses.
Exact-Corrected Confidence Interval for Risk Difference in Noninferiority Binomial Trials
Authors: Hawila Nour , Berg Arthur 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA novel confidence interval estimator is proposed for the risk difference in noninferiority binomial trials. The proposed confidence interval, which is dependent on the prespecified noninferiority margin, is consistent with an exact unconditional test that preserves the type-I error and has improved power, particularly for smaller sample sizes, compared to the confidence interval by Chan and Zhang. The improved performance of the proposed confidence interval is theoretically justified and demonstrated with simulations and examples. An R package is also distributed that implements the proposed methods along with other confidence interval estimators.
Nonparametric Estimation of the Causal Effect of a Stochastic Threshold-Based Intervention
Authors: van der Laan Lars , Zhang Wenbo , Gilbert Peter B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Identifying a biomarker or treatment-dose threshold that marks a specified level of risk is an important problem, especially in clinical trials. In view of this goal, we consider a covariate-adjusted threshold-based interventional estimand, which happens to equal the binary treatment–specific mean estimand from the causal inference literature obtained by dichotomizing the continuous biomarker or treatment as above or below a threshold. The unadjusted version of this estimand was considered in Donovan et al.. Expanding upon Stitelman et al., we show that this estimand, under conditions, identifies the expected outcome of a stochastic intervention that sets the treatment dose of all participants above the threshold. We propose a novel nonparametric efficient estimator for the covariate-adjusted threshold-response function for the case of informative outcome missingness, which utilizes machine learning and targeted minimum-loss estimation (TMLE). We prove the estimator is efficient and characterize its asymptotic distribution and robustness properties. Construction of simultaneous 95% confidence bands for the threshold-specific estimand across a set of thresholds is discussed. In the Supporting Information, we discuss how to adjust our estimator when the biomarker is missing at random, as occurs in clinical trials with biased sampling designs, using inverse probability weighting. Efficiency and bias reduction of the proposed estimator are assessed in simulations. The methods are employed to estimate neutralizing antibody thresholds for virologically confirmed dengue risk in the CYD14 and CYD15 dengue vaccine trials.
Application of an infrared thermography-based model to detect pressure injuries: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqiong , Wang Yu , Wang Yuxin , Zhou Min , Huang Pan , Yang Yufan , Peng Fang , Wang Haishuang , Li Xiaomei , Zhang Liping , Cai Fuman 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
It is challenging to detect pressure injuries at an early stage of their development.

Objectives
To assess the ability of an infrared thermography (IRT)-based model, constructed using a convolution neural network, to reliably detect pressure injuries.

Methods
A prospective cohort study compared validity in patients with pressure injury (n = 58) and without pressure injury (n = 205) using different methods. Each patient was followed up for 10 days.

Results
The optimal cut-off values of the IRT-based model were 0·53 for identifying tissue damage 1 day before visual detection of pressure injury and 0·88 for pressure injury detection on the day visual detection is possible. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that the risk of pressure injury increased 13-fold 1 day before visual detection with a cut-off value higher than 0·53 [hazard ratio (HR) 13·04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6·32–26·91; P &lt; 0·001]. The ability of the IRT-based model to detect pressure injuries [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)lag 0 days, 0·98, 95% CI 0·95–1·00] was better than that of other methods.

Conclusions
The IRT-based model is a useful and reliable method for clinical dermatologists and nurses to detect pressure injuries. It can objectively and accurately detect pressure injuries 1 day before visual detection and is therefore able to guide prevention earlier than would otherwise be possible.
What is already known about this topic? Detection of pressure injuries at an early stage is challenging.Infrared thermography can be used for the physiological and anatomical evaluation of subcutaneous tissue abnormalities.A convolutional neural network is increasingly used in medical imaging analysis.
What does this study add? The optimal cut-off values of the IRT-based model were 0·53 for identifying tissue damage 1 day before visual detection of pressure injury and 0·88 for pressure injury detection on the day visual detection is possible.Infrared thermography-based models can be used by clinical dermatologists and nurses to detect pressure injuries at an early stage objectively and accurately.
Reform complementarities and growth: Evidence and mechanisms
Authors: Tarabar Danko , Pantuosco Louis J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhen reforms of different policy areas are said to be complementary, the presence of one reformed area bolsters the effectiveness of reform of the other. We use the five areas of the Economic Freedom of the World (EFW) index over 2000–2017 to test for the impact of reform complementarities on real per capita income growth in up to 131 countries. Using a novel index for complementarity (Braga De Macedo & Oliveira‐Martins, 2008, Econ. Transit.), we find robust evidence that pursuing broader reform packages is associated with an increase in annual growth by about 1.2%. Further analysis shows that the effect of complementarities operates largely through its positive impact on domestic investment.
Accidental oral bleeding in a dementia patient taking anticoagulants: A case report
Authors: Yamada Miki , Suzuki Kyoko , Iijima Yosuke , Hino Shunsuke , Kaneko Takahiro , Horie Norio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionIdentifying the causes of accidental oral bleeding can be difficult in patients with dementia. The aim of this study was to highlight the effectiveness of multidisciplinary consultation, which proved extremely useful in investigating the cause of bleeding in this case.Case presentationAn 86‐year‐old woman on anticoagulants who had been admitted to a geriatric facility experienced repeated oral bleeding of unknown cause, initially attributed to periodontitis.ConclusionAlong with anticoagulant use, a multidisciplinary consultation attributed the bleeding to the use of a spoon at mealtimes and possible scratching at the wound by the patient with her fingers.
Does difference between label and actual potency of factor VIII concentrate affect pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing of replacement therapy in haemophilia A?
Authors: Goedhart Tine M.H.J. , Bukkems Laura H. , van Moort Iris , Spence Colin C. , Zwaan Michel C. , de Maat Moniek P.M. , Mathôt Ron A.A. , Cnossen Marjon H. ,   for the OPTI‐CLOT study group and SYMPHONY consortium
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo account for interindividual variability in the pharmacokinetics (PK) of factor concentrates, PK‐guided dosing is increasingly implemented in haemophilia patients. Calculations are based on provided label potency, but legislation allows a potency difference of ±20% between label and actual potency. It is unknown if these differences affect PK guidance.AimExplore the effects of potency differences on individual factor VIII (FVIII) PK parameters and the prediction of FVIII trough levels of dosing regimens.MethodsWe analyzed individual preoperative PK profiling data from severe and moderate haemophilia A patients included in the OPTI‐CLOT randomized controlled trial. Label and actual potency were compared, with data on potency provided by pharmaceutical companies. For both potencies, individual PK parameters were estimated and concentration‐time curves were constructed by nonlinear mixed‐effects modelling. Finally, we explored the effect of both the identified and the maximum legislated potency difference on predicted FVIII trough levels infused in a low and high dose regimen.ResultsIn 45/50 included patients, actual potency was higher than its label potency. The median potency difference was 6.0% (range ‐9.2% to 18.4%) and resulted in varying individual PK parameter estimates but practically identical FVIII concentration‐time curves. As expected, predicted FVIII trough levels were linearly correlated to the actual dose.ConclusionIt is not necessary to take potency differences into account when applying PK guidance of FVIII concentrates in haemophilia A patients. However, when the patient is switched to another FVIII batch after PK‐guided dosing, trough levels may deviate ±20% from calculations based on label dose.