bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophilic Inflammation and Reactive Oxygen Species Production Promotes Necrotizing Enterocolitis induced Lung Injury in Mice
Authors: Zhao Wei , Su Yujuan , Yu Yujuan , Zou Mou , Xu Ying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the role and mechanism of neutrophils in lung injury in mice with NEC. Combinational treatment with formula milk, hypoxia, and LPS was performed to establish NEC in 5-day-old mice. The pathological changes in intestinal and lung tissues were examined by HE staining. The terminal ileum was taken out for RNA-seq. Ly6G, NE, MPO staining, and flow cytometry were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of neutrophils in lung tissues respectively. The mRNA relative expression levels of inflammatory factors in intestinal and lung tissues were detected by RT-qPCR; the ROS release level in neutrophils stimulated by fMLP was detected by an enzyme-labeled instrument. The role of ROS in NEC-induced lung injury was further validated by the NAC, a ROS-specific inhibitor. The expression levels of genes in the Keap1—Nrf2 pathway were determined by RT-qPCR. Results showed that compared with the Ctrl group, the intestinal and lung tissues of the mice in the NEC group were significantly damaged. The mRNA relative expression levels of inflammatory factors and anti-oxidant genes were increased, while the expression levels of anti-ROS genes were downregulated. Mouse intestinal RNA-seq results suggested a strong enrichment in the neutrophil degranulation pathway. The levels of NE, MPO, and ROS released by neutrophils were significantly higher than those in the Ctrl group. And the ROS released by neutrophils is involved in NEC-induced lung injury by regulating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway as the inhibition of the release of ROS can alleviate the injury of intestinal and lung tissues. Thus our study demonstrates that NAC has therapeutic potential for NEC-induced lung injury.
Stakeholders’ perspectives on the management measures in Rapana venosa fisheries in the Black Sea Turkish coast
Authors: Dağtekin Murat , Karapaça Şahin , Ceyhan Vedat , Mısır Devrim Selim , Altuntaş Cemil , Uysal Osman , İlhan Salih , Dağtekin Büket Buşra 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Rapa whelk (Rapana venosa), which entered the Black Sea as an invader, has become a commercial stock and has brought many problems in its management since the 1980s. This research aimed to get a detailed idea about the views of the stakeholders of the Rapa whelk sector and to develop concrete and applicable suggestions for the sustainability of the sector. For this, first of all, all stakeholder groups were brought together and their opinions were taken. Afterward, the management measure suggestions collected from the group were evaluated by everyone through questionnaires. When the general opinions of the stakeholders were evaluated, it was seen that most of the beam trawlers argued that legal restrictions should be softened to be able to fish more while academicians and representatives of environmental organizations stated that environmentally friendly fishing gear should be designed and used to protect the marine ecosystem. The policymakers participating in the workshop think that some arrangements can be made in the current legislation, but there is no need for radical changes. Industry sector stakeholders participating in the workshop, on the other hand, think that measures that restrict their production, such as quota limitation, are not appropriate. In summary, in the study, alternative management measures were examined and their possible effects were evaluated. As a result of this study, recommendations were made for sustainable fishing of Rapa whelk.
Effect of naphthalene dispersant on the hydration kinetics of cement slurry: Nuclear magnetic resonance-based investigation
Authors: Wang Xin , Zou Quanle , Liu Ying , Li Zuoyuan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cementing technology can effectively extend the life of coalbed methane surface drilling. The fluidity of the cement slurry during cementing is critical to the cementing quality. It is an effective way to improve the cementing quality by increasing the fluidity and pumping efficiency of cement paste by adding dispersants. In this paper, the effect of naphthalene dispersant on the hydration kinetics of G-grade cement was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance. The results show that the increase of naphthalene dispersant mass fraction can effectively slow down the hydration of cement. The 1st relaxation peak of cement is correlated with its mobility, and the calculation of its peak index, area size, area share and combined action factor can be used to evaluate the retarding and dispersing effect of FDN on cement slurry more accurately. The sulfonic acid group of naphthalene dispersant can form a more stable complex with Ca2+, resulting in a reduced hydration rate. naphthalene dispersant can decompose in cement into anions adsorbed on the surface of cement particles, forming a solvation film and producing a lubricating and dragging effect. The obtained research results provide theoretical support for the preparation and pumping of on-site cementing slurry from three aspects: the fluidity of the naphthalene dispersant modified cement slurry, the retarding effect and how to choose the pumping period.
Expression and functional analyses of Niemann–Pick C2 gene in Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot
Authors: Zhou Hongxu , Yan Hong , Wang Endong , Zhang Bo , Xu Xuenong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As a new protein class of semiochemical binding and transporting, Niemann-Pick proteins type C2 (NPC2) in arthropods has received more attentions in recent decade. However, the gene function has not been studied in phytoseiid mites for biocontrol potential. In current study, we identified and cloned a new NPC2 gene PpNPC2a from transcriptome of a predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot. PpNPC2a encoded 181 amino acids with a conserved ML domain. From phylogenetic analyses, PpNPC2a was found homologous to NPC2-1 of Galendromus occidentalis Nesbitt. We also measured gene expression in different stages and tissues in P. persimilis. PpNPC2a transcript was significantly higher in female adults than in male adults or other immature stages. Due to tiny body size of predatory mites, we only examined tissue expressions in two sections, posterior part of which was found higher gene transcription of PpNPC2a. To investigate the potential function of PpNPC2a in P. persimilis, we interfered gene expression in female adults by feeding dsRNA. The relative expression was found decreased by 59.1% and 78.2% in 24 h and 72 h after treatments, respectively. The dsNPC2a-treated females had less preference to spider mite infested plant, but we did not find their insensitiveness in response to four representative compounds of HIPVs, including 4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (TMTT), Methyl salicylate (MeSA), β-Caryophyllene and Linalool. These results indicated PpNPC2a may play a role in P. persimilis in response to plant volatiles.
Gender diversity in Animal Cognition Science
Authors: Gavriilidi Ioanna , Damme Raoul Van 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Women’s representation in science is increasing steadily, with some fields closing gender parity in terms of participation and scientific output. Animal Cognition appears to fall into that category. However, a careful analysis of gender author balance in 600 animal cognition papers revealed some remaining disparities. Despite that female animal cognition scientists dominate first authorship positions, receive equal citations, and publish in equally high quality journals, they are still severely under-represented in positions of seniority. In addition, disparities remain at the group level, where all-female author teams are not only the minority in our dataset, but also seem to receive disproportionally less citations than all-male author teams, regardless the quality of the publications. We also found that female animal cognition scientists focus on different taxa, and tend to include study animals of both sexes more often than male scientists. Our study suggests that despite the meaningful contribution of female scientists to the field, Animal Cognition continues to be marred by gender biases.
Non-random distribution of maax pepper plants (Capsicum annum var. glabriusculum) in Mayan homegardens: Effects on plant size, fruit yield and viral diseases
Authors: Solís-Montero Virginia , Bello-Bedoy Rafael , Munguía-Rosas Miguel A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Homegardens are complex agroforestry systems with a multilayer vertical structure and a horizontal structure with different uses and management intensities. This environmental heterogeneity allows for the establishment of wild and cultivated plants with contrasting environmental requirements in a predictable spatial pattern. Wild pepper is a plant associated with the shade of fleshy-fruited perennials in natural vegetation in North America. In the Yucatan, wild pepper is known as maax pepper by the Maya and is a volunteer plant that commonly grows in homegardens where it gets little or no management besides fruit harvesting. Here, we assessed whether maax pepper was spatially associated with perennial plants or inanimate objects and whether this association affects plant size, fruit yield or viral diseases. According to the results, maax pepper occurred closer to perennials than expected. Although solar radiation beneath the canopy of these perennials was significantly lower than in open spaces, this association did not favor fruit yield by the peppers. There was a spatial association with inanimate objects (mainly buildings) and peppers were taller and produced more fruits in the proximity of these objects. This association was not mediated by reduced solar radiation. We suggest that the amelioration of other environmental stressor(s) and/or the more intensive management of cultivated plants around buildings may underlie this association. Our results clearly show that both biotic and abiotic elements typically found in homegardens influence the distribution and performance of maax pepper in this traditional agroforestry system.
Adaptation strategies of leaf traits and leaf economic spectrum in urban garden plants
Authors: Liying Xu , Zhang Nana , Wei Tongchao , Liu Bingyang , Shen Lanyi , Liu Yang , Liu Dounan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In order to explore the adaptation strategies of urban garden plants leaf traits and the relationship of different life forms to climate zone. In this study, we used Mudanjiang of Heilongjiang Province and Bozhou of Anhui Province as the research sites, 17 and 9 woody garden plants were selected respectively, measured 7 leaf morphological characters and 4 photosynthetic pigment contents. One way ANOVA was used to reveal the variation characteristics of leaf functional traits of trees, shrubs and vines in two urbans. Two-way ANOVA was used to reveal the plant leaf traits under climate and life form. Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis was used to calculate the correlation coefficient between leaf functional traits of plants in the two places. Leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and Vein density (VD) of different life forms in Mudanjiang were higher than Bozhou (P < 0.05), the Relative water content (RWC) in Bozhou was higher, while Vein density (VD) of trees and shrubs in two urbans were significant ((P < 0.05), but the vine was not significant. The tree and shrub species photosynthetic pigments were larger in Mudanjiang, but it was opposite in vines. Both leaf vein density (VD) and stomatal density (SD) showed a very significant positive correlation in two nrbans (P < 0.01), and both were significantly positively correlated with specific leaf area (SLA) (P < 0.05), negatively correlated with leaf thickness (LT), and the relationship between pigment content were closer. The response was obvious differences in leaf traits of different life forms species in urban to climate, but the correlations between the traits showed convergence, which reflects that the adaptation strategies of garden plant leaves to different habitats are both coordinated and relatively independent.
Evaluating the quality of surface carbonized woods modified with a contact charring or a gas flame charring technique
Authors: Kymäläinen Maija , Dömény Jakub , Schwarzkopf Matthew , Šeda Vit , Rautkari Lauri 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Surface carbonization, or charring, of wooden exterior cladding boards is a modification method that creates a fully organic barrier layer in resemblance to a coating. The process effectively degrades the wood and transforms it into a carbonaceous residue that protects the underlying unmodified wood from environmental stresses. The surface quality of wood modified in this manner is a combination of several factors and depends on the manufacturing method and wood species. To assess the quality of spruce and birch modified with contact and flame charring techniques, several experiments were set up from the nanoscale to macroscopic evaluation of surface resistance to different stresses. The degree of changes in elemental composition scale with the modification severity with little differences between wood species. The carbon structures analyzed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) were found to be amorphous, but the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) revealed higher ordering with what is assumed to be random graphitic stacking of carbon sheets. These carbon-carbon bonds are stable, so a higher ordering is hypothesized to induce improved resistance to exterior stresses. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a clear difference between contact charred and flame charred woods. The selected contact charring temperature was not high enough to induce the transformation of cell walls from anisotropic into an isotropic material but provided other benefits such as a relatively crack-free, smooth and scratch resistant surface. Surface roughness was able to adequately predict the surface quality of the contact charred samples and scratch tests were found to be suitable for evaluating the mechanical stress resistance of the surface instead of abrasion. In terms of overall quality, birch instead of spruce was concluded to better respond to both charring methods, although contact charring eliminates some species-specific characteristics, resulting in more homogeneous surfaces.
The lost Balloon at midnight: a case report reveals the inevitability of heart team existence
Authors: Elbayomi Mohamed , Weyand Michael , Nooh Ehab , Harig Frank 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Dislodgement of a coronary stent-balloon catheter during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is rare but is a life-threatening complication.
Case summary:
A 57- year-old male presented with a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Coronary angiography revealed total thrombotic occlusion of the Right coronary artery (RCA). Following the balloon dilatation of the RCA and while trying to retrieve the balloon catheter, the balloon was dislodged from the catheter shaft and entrapped in the coronary vessel. Under cardiopulmonary bypass, with antegrade cardioplegic arrest, the balloon was extracted through a coronary arteriotomy. Right coronary revascularization was done with reversed saphenous vein graft (SVG).
Discussion:
Given the variety of equipment that can be retained in the coronary artery and the multitude of mechanisms by which it may be entrapped, there are no straightforward techniques applicable to all situations. Specific guidelines or recommendations on properly managingthese potentially life‐threatening complications do not exist. However, the most crucial issue in the management of these cases is the hemodynamic status of the patient as well as the coronary flow in the vessel with entrapped device or stent. In our case, the RCA was retrogradely perfused from the left coronary artery, which provided time to transfer the patient to cardiovascular surgical backup.
Engineering tumor-specific gene nanomedicine to recruit and activate T cells for enhanced immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Yue , Zhou Shi-Kun , Wang Yan , Lu ZiDong , Zhang Yue , Xu Cong-Fei , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy that eliminates intratumoral inhibition signals of T cells is successful, but poor therapeutic benefits are often observed. Increasing T-cell infiltration and the quantity of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in tumor tissue can improve efficacy but remains challenging. Herein, we devised tumor-specific gene nanomedicines to mobilize tumor cells themselves to robustly secrete CXCL9 (a chemokine of T cells) and anti-PD-L1 scFv (αPD-L1, a blocking agent of PD-L1) for enhanced immunotherapy. Our tyrosinase promoter-driven gene nanomedicine, NPTyr-C9AP, can specifically coexpress CXCL9 and αPD-L1 in melanoma cells, thereby forming a sharp gradient of CXCL9 between tumor and peripheral tissues for T-cell recruitment and a high intratumoral concentration of αPD-L1 for enhancing T-cell activation. As a result, NPTyr-C9AP treatment showed strong antimelanoma effects. Furthermore, specific coexpression of CXCL9 and αPD-L1 in various tumor cells was achieved by replacing the tyrosinase promoter of NPTyr-C9AP with a survivin promoter, which increased the infiltration and activation of T cells as well as therapeutic efficacy in multiple tumors. This study provides a novel strategy to maximize the immunotherapeutic outcome regardless of the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment.
Differences in methanogenic pathways and methanogenic communities in paddy soils under three typical cropping modes
Authors: Shen Wanyu , Ji Yang , Huang Qiong , Zhu Xiaoli , Ma Jing , Zhang Guangbin , Xu Hua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microbial methane (CH4) production and emission are various in different paddy fields. However, little is known about values of anaerobically produced δ13CH4, methanogenic pathways, and their dominant communities in different paddy soils. Through anaerobic incubation experiments and the stable carbon isotope with fluoromethane inhibitor method, CH4 production potential (MPP), the relative contribution of acetoclastic methanogenesis (fac), and the abundance and community composition of methanogens in paddy soils were measured under three typical cropping modes (Rice-Wheat, RW; Rice-Fallow, RF; Double-Rice, DR) in China. The results showed that MPP was 13.4 μg CH4 g–1 d–1 in DR soil, 23% and 46% higher than that in RW and RF soils, respectively. Moreover, RF soil had the highest produced δ13CH4 value (–43.9‰) and the lowest produced δ13CO2 value (–26.3‰). Based on the isotope fractionations associated with H2/CO2-dependent methanogenesis (1.049–1.062), fac values in RF soil (80–98%) were much higher than that in RW (39–60%) and DR (52–75%) soils. Compared to RF soil, mcrA gene abundance in RW and DR soils increased by 29% and 40%, respectively. Furthermore, the dominant methanogens in RF soil were Methanosarcina (acetoclastic methanogens) while Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium (hydrogenotrophic methanogens) were in RW and DR soils. Redundancy analysis revealed that soil pH and soil texture affected the community structure of methanogens. These findings suggest that differences in paddy MPP and methanogenic pathways under the three typical cropping modes might be caused by the changes in methanogenic abundance and community composition driven by soil pH.
Risk-Adjusted Strategies to Protect Food Supply and Farmer Livelihoods in West Africa
Authors: Leip Debbora , Rovenskaya Elena , Wildemeersch Matthias 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Weather extremes and high population growth are challenging the achievement of SDG 2 Zero Hunger in West Africa. However, future food security scenarios are often based on models that ignore annual weather variability and weather extremes. As a result, this approach also disregards the risk of having lower than expected yields, with adverse consequences for food security and farmer livelihoods. Here we present a stochastic food production model to show how optimal crop allocations change depending on food security risk targets. To guarantee stable livelihoods for farmers, we examine the viability of a contingency fund that supports farmers in the event of low crop yields. Applied to the West African context, accounting for weather variability can substantially improve the reliability of the food supply and boost the fiscal sustainability of a contingency fund. Yet, setting reliability targets for food security is costly and leaves high residual risk in certain regions. Spatial risk-sharing through regional cooperation at the West African scale can eliminate the risk of insufficient food supply and further enhance the fund solvency without additional cost.
Hidden causes of increased frequency of vesicoureteral reflux in patients with joint hypermobility
Authors: Sag Sefa , Kalyoncu Mukaddes 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The relationship between vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) is known. However, voiding dysfunction (VD) and constipation are also common in patients with GJH. We aimed to examine the relationship between VD, constipation and VUR in patients with GJH.
Methods: A total of 224 children including 122 children with recurrent urinary tract infection (RUI) and 122 children as a control group were enrolled in a cross sectional study performed between April 2018, and April 2020. Control group was evaluated only for GJH. Patients with RUI were divided into two groups as groups with (Group 1), and without VUR (Group 2) and evaluated for the presence of VD, constipation and GJH.
Results:The prevalence of GJH was statistically significantly higher in patients with RUI than the control group (p>0.001). The prevalence of GJH was significantly higher in Groups 1 and 2 than the control group (p>0.001, and p>0.001) without any significant difference between Groups 1 and 2 (p=0.36). VD and constipation were observed in significantly higher number of patients with GJH in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p=0.01 and p=0.02, respectively).
Conclusion:Our findings confirmed that the prevalence of GJH in children with VUR is higher than in the general population. In addition, constipation and VD in children with GJH contribute to the increased frequency of VUR in these patients.
An ER–Horse Detonating Stress Cascade for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Nanotherapy
Authors: Bian Xintong , Fan Ningke , Li Meng , Han Daobin , Li Jia , Fan Lu , Li Xinyu , Kong Liangsheng , Tang Hua , Ding Shijia , song fzngzhou , Li Siqiao , Cheng Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Persisting and excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can evoke rapid cell apoptosis. Therapeutic interference of ERS signaling holds enormous potentials for cancer nanotherapy. Herein, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell–derived ER vesicle (ERV) encapsulating siGRP94, denoted as ER–horse, has been developed for precise HCC nanotherapy. Briefly, ER–horse, like Trojan horse, was recognized via homotypic camouflage, imitated physiological function of ER and exogenously opened the Ca2+ channel. Consequently, the mandatory pouring–in of extracellular Ca2+ triggered the aggravated stress cascade (ERS and oxidative stress) and apoptosis pathway with the inhibition of unfolded protein response by siGRP94. Collectively, our findings provide a paradigm for potent HCC nanotherapy via ERS signaling interference and exploring therapeutic interference of physiological signal transduction pathways for precision cancer therapy.