bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tricuspid valve prolapse as an early predictor for severe phenotype in children with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Stark Veronika C. , Olfe Jakob , Pesch Jannis , Tahir Enver , Weinrich Julius M. , Wiegand Peter , Kozlik‐Feldmann Rainer , von Kodolitsch Yskert , Mir Thomas S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimIn Marfan syndrome, various cardiovascular pathologies, such as aortic dilatation and mitral valve pathologies, already occur in childhood and determine course of the disease. This study aimed to establish additional cardiovascular risk markers for severe Marfan phenotypes. We investigated tricuspid valve prolapse (TVP) and its predictive value for outcome of paediatric Marfan disease.MethodsIn this retrospective, observational cohort study, we identified 130 paediatric Marfan patients (10.7 ± 4.8 years) with FBN1 variants. We divided patients into two groups based on TVP presence and performed a cross‐sectional analysis to investigate the association of TVP with other cardiovascular, ocular and systemic pathologies, at first and last visit. A longitudinal analysis was performed with follow‐up data.ResultsAt baseline, patients with TVP had higher incidence of aortic root dilatation (p = 0.013), mitral valve prolapse (p = 0.0001) and systemic manifestations (p = 0.025) than patients without TVP. At follow‐up, previous presence of TVP predicted higher probability of aortic root dilatation (p = 0.002), mitral valve prolapse (p = 0.0001) and systemic manifestations (p = 0.002).ConclusionThis shows that TVP is linked to both cardiac and extracardiac Marfan manifestations and TVP is an important marker for a disease severity in these children. Therefore, TVP should be assessed routinely using echocardiography in paediatric Marfan patients.
Oral anti‐coagulant treatment patterns in atrial fibrillation patients diagnosed with cancer: A Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Ording Anne Gulbech , Søgaard Mette , Nielsen Peter Brønnum , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Grove Erik Lerkevang , Skjøth Flemming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractData on the use of oral anti‐coagulants (OAC) for stroke prevention in cancer patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are sparse. Nationwide cohort study of patients with AF (2012–2018) and an indication for OAC who were diagnosed with cancer at least one year later (N = 12 756). We identified treatment with OAC at cancer diagnosis and the following year and described the incidence of discontinuing or switching between warfarin and direct oral anti‐coagulants (DOACs). We also described baseline characteristics associated with OAC non‐persistence. One third of the cancer patients received no OAC therapy, whereas 42% received warfarin and 24% received DOAC treatment. Switching incidence between OACs was higher for those receiving warfarin treatment (8.6%) than DOAC treatment (1.7%) within one year. Treatment discontinuation was 61% for warfarin and 26% for DOAC. Females were less likely to discontinue DOAC than males (ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval: 0.66, 0.90). Increasing cancer stage was associated with discontinuation of DOAC, but not warfarin. OAC for stroke prevention in AF was used by two thirds of patients with newly diagnosed cancer. Switching between OACs and discontinuation was more common for warfarin than DOAC, and females had higher persistence with DOACs.
Interproximal contact loss at implant sites: a retrospective clinical study with a 10‐year follow‐up
Authors: Gasser Thomas J. W. , Papageorgiou Spyridon N. , Eliades Theodore , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the frequency and quantity of interproximal contact loss (ICL) between implant restorations and adjacent teeth after at least 10 years of follow‐up (FU).MethodsThirty‐nine patients (median age 57.3 years) with 80 implants were re‐examined at least 10 years after insertion of final restorations (single crowns or fixed dental prostheses (FDPs)). Baseline (insertion of the restorations) and FU examinations encompassed the following: Stone casts were scanned and superimposed for metric assessment of tooth movements, radiographs, and clinical measurements. Outcome measures at implant sites were as follows: the extent of tooth movement and the frequency of interproximal contact loss [ICL], peri‐implant marginal bone levels [MBLs], and clinical measurements (plaque control record [PCR], Bleeding on Probing [BOP], and probing depth [PD]). Data were analyzed statistically with generalized regression modeling with robust standard errors to account for within‐patient clustering at 5%.ResultsInterproximal contact loss for at least one contact point after 10 years was observed in 50% of all implants (with open interproximal spaces up to 1.64 mm). Mesial contact points were significantly more prone to ICL than distal ones (relative risk [RR] = 1.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07–2.99; p = .03). The type of restoration had a significant effect on ICL, with FDPs of 2 implants being significantly more prone to mesial ICL than single crowns (RR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.02–2.25; p = .04). ICL was also associated with a significant increase in PD (+0.46 mm (95% CI = 0.04–0.88 mm; p = .03)) compared to implant sites without ICL. BOP, MBLs, and PCR were not significantly influenced by ICL.ConclusionInterproximal contact loss was a common finding in 50% of the implant sites and was significantly associated with an increase in PD.
Comparing body mass index and obesity‐related comorbidities as predictors in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Tsoulis Michael W. , Garcia Victor L. , Hou Wei , Arcan Chrisa , Miller Joshua D. 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThe association between body mass index (BMI) and poor COVID‐19 outcomes in patients has been demonstrated across numerous studies. However, obesity‐related comorbidities have also been shown to be associated with poor outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether BMI or obesity‐associated comorbidities contribute to elevated COVID‐19 severity in non‐elderly, hospitalized patients with elevated BMI (≥25 kg/m2). This was a single‐center, retrospective cohort study of 526 hospitalized, non‐elderly adult (aged 18–64) COVID‐19 patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 in suburban New York from March 6 to May 11, 2020. The Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) was used to quantify the severity of obesity‐related comorbidities. EOSS was compared with BMI in multivariable regression analyses to predict COVID‐19 outcomes. We found that higher EOSS scores were associated with poor outcomes after demographic adjustment, unlike BMI. Specifically, patients with increased EOSS scores had increased odds of acute kidney injury (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.40; 95% CI 3.71–11.05), intensive care unit admission (aOR = 10.71; 95% CI 3.23–35.51), mechanical ventilation (aOR = 3.10; 95% CI 2.01–4.78) and mortality (aOR = 5.05; 95% CI 1.83–13.90). Obesity‐related comorbidity burden as determined by EOSS was a better predictor of poor COVID‐19 outcomes relative to BMI, suggesting that comorbidity burden may be driving risk in those hospitalized with elevated BMI.
Hammerhead worms everywhere? Modelling the invasion of bipaliin flatworms in a changing climate
Authors: Fourcade Yoan , Winsor Leigh , Justine Jean‐Lou 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimAlien species introduced into new ecosystems occasionally predate upon or outcompete native species. Land planarians (Geoplanidae) are a family of carnivorous Platyhelminthes among which several species are found outside their native range. Specifically, hammerhead flatworms originate from Asia and Madagascar but have now reached many new locations worldwide through the transport of exotic plants. Because they are predators of earthworms and snails, they are considered a potential threat to native ecosystems. In this context, to anticipate their potential impacts and to inform early preventative actions, it is necessary to know where these species could spread to in future, or where they might already be present but undetected.LocationWorldwide.MethodsHere, we used occurrence records from online databases and climatic and soil variables to model the potential distribution of five hammerhead flatworm species (Bipalium adventitium,B.kewense,B.pennsylvanicum,B.vagumandDiversibipalium multilineatum) that are known to occur outside their native range.ResultsWe demonstrate that precipitation is an important factor determining their distribution, which is in accordance with their known affinity for humidity. We show that some areas have the potential to be invaded by all five species, including regions that are relatively spared so far. This includes the River Plate basin in South America, which already harbours a diverse fauna of native terrestrial flatworms and which appears to also be a potential hotspot for the establishment of alien hammerhead flatworms. According to scenarios of future climate change, two species (B.kewenseandB.vagum) that currently have the largest observed global range are predicted to further increase their potential distribution.Main conclusionsThe results we report can be used to provide guidance for monitoring the potential sources of introduction of alien hammerhead flatworms in regions that are suitable, but which are not yet colonized.
The global cost of epilepsy: A systematic review and extrapolation
Authors: Begley Charles , Wagner Ryan G. , Abraham Annette , Beghi Ettore , Newton Charles , Kwon Churl‐Su , Labiner David , Winkler Andrea S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveGlobal action for epilepsy requires information on the cost of epilepsy, which is currently unknown for most countries and regions of the world. To address this knowledge gap, the International League Against Epilepsy Commission on Epidemiology formed the Global Cost of Epilepsy Task Force.MethodsWe completed a systematic search of the epilepsy cost‐of‐illness literature and identified studies that provided a comprehensive set of direct health care and/or indirect costs, followed standard methods of case identification and cost estimation, and used data on a representative population or subpopulation of people with epilepsy. Country‐specific costs per person with epilepsy were extracted and adjusted to generate an average cost per person in 2019 US dollars. For countries with no cost data, estimates were imputed based on average costs per person of similar income countries with data. Per person costs for each country were then applied to data on the prevalence of epilepsy from the Global Burden of Disease collaboration adjusted for the treatment gap.ResultsOne hundred one cost‐of‐illness studies were included in the direct health care cost database, 74 from North America or Western Europe. Thirteen studies were used in the indirect cost database, eight from North America or Western Europe. The average annual cost per person with epilepsy in 2019 ranged from $204 in low‐income countries to $11 432 in high‐income countries based on this highly skewed database. The total cost of epilepsy, applying per person costs to the estimated 52.51 million people in the world with epilepsy and adjusting for the treatment gap, was $119.27 billion.SignificanceBased on a summary and extrapolations of this limited database, the global cost of epilepsy is substantial and highly concentrated in countries with well‐developed health care systems, higher wages and income, limited treatment gaps, and a relatively small percentage of the epilepsy population.
Validation of the Chinese version of the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire
Authors: Wang Anni , Lu Jun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ) is one of the most widely used and strong theory‐based measurement tools of family resilience. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test the Chinese version of the WFRQ (WFRQ‐C). The WFRQ was translated following Brislin's translation model. Psychometric testing, combining classical theory test and item response theory, was conducted with a sample of 800 community adult residents. The Connor‐Davidson resilience scale‐10 (CD‐RISC‐10), Self‐reported Family Happiness Scale (SFHS‐1), and Family APGAR (Adaption, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve) Scale (Family APGAR‐5) were applied for convergent validity. Six items were deleted at the item analysis level. The minimum average partial test and a parallel analysis supported a three‐factor structure, which was validated by confirmatory factor analysis. The three factors were named “Family belief system,” “Organization, communication and problem solving,” and “Utilization of external resources.” The WFRQ‐C was significantly correlated with CD‐RISC‐10, SFHS‐1, and Family APGAR‐5, with r values ranged from 0.51 to 0.56. The Cronbach's α was 0.97 for the scale and 0.93, 0.95, and 0.72 for the three factors, respectively. The ICCs of 0.96 for the whole scale, and 0.95, 0.75, and 0.95 for the three factors, respectively. The mean score for the WFRQ‐C was 97.00 ± 17.94, of which per capita monthly income and education level were predictors. The 26‐item WFRQ‐C is a stable, concise, and validated tool to measure family resilience. It is applicable for Chinese community adults in nonspecific stressful settings and has potential utility in the health care domain.
Assessing taxonomic and functional change in British breeding bird assemblages over time
Authors: Wayman Joseph P. , Sadler Jonathan P. , Pugh Thomas A. M. , Martin Thomas E. , Tobias Joseph A. , Matthews Thomas J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThe aim was to identify the primary drivers of compositional change in breeding bird assemblages over a 40‐year period.LocationBritain.Time periodFrom 1970 to 2010.Major taxa studiedBirds.MethodsUsing morphological trait measurements and a dataset of presence–absence data for British breeding birds surveyed in 10 km × 10 km hectads during two time periods, we calculated temporal taxonomic and functional beta diversity for each hectad alongside the change in species richness, mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) and mean pairwise distance (MPD). We also estimated potential drivers of beta diversity, including climatic and land‐use and land‐cover (LULC) change variables, elevation and assemblage species richness in 1970 (1970rich). We used random forest regressions to test which variables best explained compositional change in the assemblages. We also assessed spatial taxonomic and functional change by analysing multiple‐site beta diversity and pairwise dissimilarities between time periods.ResultsInitial (1970) species richness was the most important predictor (highest importance score) across all models, with areas characterized by higher initial richness experiencing less assemblage change overall. The coordinates included to capture spatial autocorrelation in the data were also important predictors of change. Most climate and LULC variables had relatively low explanatory power; elevation and average temperature were the most influential. All metrics increased slightly with increasing elevation, except for species richness change and MPD, which decreased.Main conclusionsThe composition of British breeding bird assemblages changed substantially between 1970 and 2010. Spatial heterogeneity increased, both taxonomically and functionally. We show evidence that hectads with larger assemblages have been buffered from temporal diversity change and that those at higher elevations changed more in composition than those at lower elevations. Overall, coarse‐resolution climate and LULC explained only small to moderate amounts of variation, suggesting that stochastic assembly change or finer‐scale drivers might be drivers of temporal changes in assemblage composition.
Patient preferences using telehealth during the COVID‐19 pandemic in four Victorian tertiary hospital services
Authors: Rasmussen Bodil , Perry Rachel , Hickey Martha , Hua Xinyang , Wong Zee Wan , Guy Lauren , Hitch Danielle , Hiscock Harriet , Dalziel Kim , Winter Naomi , Maier Andrea B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has had a major impact on healthcare services with many changes to telehealth care delivery. More information is needed about the patient perspective of telehealth in hospital services and the potential costs and benefits for patients.AimTo measure patients' evaluation of telehealth, preferences for telehealth versus in‐person appointments, and potential cost savings by patient characteristics.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey (including patient and appointment characteristics, telehealth evaluation, preferences for care and costs) of adult patients using video telehealth in four metropolitan tertiary hospital services in Melbourne, Victoria.ResultsA total of 1045 patients (median age 44 years; interquartile range 29–59) participated with an overall response rate of 9.2%. For 98.7% patients, telehealth was convenient, 96.4% stated that it saved time, 95.9% found telehealth acceptable to receive care and 97.0% found that telehealth improved their access to care. Most (62.6%) preferred in‐person consultations, although 86.9% agreed that telehealth was equivalent to an in‐person consultation. Those in regional and rural areas were less likely to prefer in‐person consultations. Patients attending for medical reasons were less likely to prefer in‐person consultation compared with patients with surgical reasons. Patient preference to telehealth was independent of level of education, appointment type, self‐rated health status and socio economic status. Patients saved an average of A$120.9 (standard deviation A$93.0) per appointment, with greater cost savings for patients from low and middle socio economic areas and regional or rural areas.ConclusionTelehealth video consultations were largely evaluated positively with most patients considering the service to be as good as in‐person. Understanding patient preference is critical to consider when implementing telehealth as mainstream across hospital health services.
All‐cause versus cause‐specific excess deaths for estimating influenza‐associated mortality in Denmark, Spain, and the United States
Authors: Schmidt Sebastian S. S. , Iuliano Angela Danielle , Vestergaard Lasse S. , Mazagatos‐Ateca Clara , Larrauri Amparo , Brauner Jan M. , Olsen Sonja J. , Nielsen Jens , Salomon Joshua A. , Krause Tyra G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeasonal influenza‐associated excess mortality estimates can be timely and provide useful information on the severity of an epidemic. This methodology can be leveraged during an emergency response or pandemic.MethodFor Denmark, Spain, and the United States, we estimated age‐stratified excess mortality for (i) all‐cause, (ii) respiratory and circulatory, (iii) circulatory, (iv) respiratory, and (v) pneumonia, and influenza causes of death for the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 influenza seasons. We quantified differences between the countries and seasonal excess mortality estimates and the death categories. We used a time‐series linear regression model accounting for time and seasonal trends using mortality data from 2010 through 2017.ResultsThe respective periods of weekly excess mortality for all‐cause and cause‐specific deaths were similar in their chronological patterns. Seasonal all‐cause excess mortality rates for the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 influenza seasons were 4.7 (3.3–6.1) and 14.3 (13.0–15.6) per 100,000 population, for the United States; 20.3 (15.8–25.0) and 24.0 (19.3–28.7) per 100,000 population for Denmark; and 22.9 (18.9–26.9) and 52.9 (49.1–56.8) per 100,000 population for Spain. Seasonal respiratory and circulatory excess mortality estimates were two to three times lower than the all‐cause estimates.DiscussionWe observed fewer influenza‐associated deaths when we examined cause‐specific death categories compared with all‐cause deaths and observed the same trends in peaks in deaths with all death causes. Because all‐cause deaths are more available, these models can be used to monitor virus activity in near real time. This approach may contribute to the development of timely mortality monitoring systems during public health emergencies.
Top‐down stepwise refinement identifies coding and noncoding RNA‐associated epigenetic regulatory maps in malignant glioma
Authors: Huang Yutao , Gao Xiangyu , Yang Erwan , Yue Kangyi , Cao Yuan , Zhao Boyan , Zhang Haofuzi , Dai Shuhui , Zhang Lei , Luo Peng , Jiang Xiaofan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the emergence of the molecular era and retreat of the histology epoch in malignant glioma, it is becoming increasingly necessary to research diagnostic/prognostic/therapeutic biomarkers and their related regulatory mechanisms. While accumulating studies have investigated coding gene‐associated biomarkers in malignant glioma, research on comprehensive coding and noncoding RNA‐associated biomarkers is lacking. Furthermore, few studies have illustrated the cross‐talk signalling pathways among these biomarkers and mechanisms in detail. Here, we identified DEGs and ceRNA networks in malignant glioma and then constructed Cox/Lasso regression models to further identify the most valuable genes through stepwise refinement. Top‐down comprehensive integrated analysis, including functional enrichment, SNV, immune infiltration, transcription factor binding site, and molecular docking analyses, further revealed the regulatory maps among these genes. The results revealed a novel and accurate model (AUC of 0.91 and C‐index of 0.84 in the whole malignant gliomas, AUC of 0.90 and C‐index of 0.86 in LGG, and AUC of 0.75 and C‐index of 0.69 in GBM) that includes twelve ncRNAs, 1 miRNA and 6 coding genes. Stepwise logical reasoning based on top‐down comprehensive integrated analysis and references revealed cross‐talk signalling pathways among these genes that were correlated with the circadian rhythm, tumour immune microenvironment and cellular senescence pathways. In conclusion, our work reveals a novel model where the newly identified biomarkers may contribute to a precise diagnosis/prognosis and subclassification of malignant glioma, and the identified cross‐talk signalling pathways would help to illustrate the noncoding RNA‐associated epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of glioma tumorigenesis and aid in targeted therapy.