bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myofascial force transmission between the ankle and the dorsal knee: A study protocol
Authors: Mohr Lisa , Vogt Lutz , Behringer Michael , Wilke Jan 
Published: November 2022

Background
Connective tissue links the skeletal muscles, creating a body-wide network of continuity. A recent in-vivo experiment demonstrated that passive elongation of the calf caused a caudal displacement of the semimembranosus muscle, indicating force transmission across the dorsal knee joint. However, it remains unclear as to whether this observation is dependent on the joint angle. If force would not be transmitted at flexed knees, this would reduce the number of postures and movements where force transmission is of relevance. Our trial, therefore, aims to investigate the influence of passive calf stretching with the knee in extended and flexed position on dorsal thigh soft tissue displacement.

Methods
Participants are positioned prone on an isokinetic dynamometer. The device performs three repetitions of moving the ankle passively (5°/s) between plantar flexion and maximum dorsiflexion. With a washout-period of 24 hours, this procedure is performed twice in randomised order, once with the knee extended (0°) and once with the knee flexed (60°). Two high-resolution ultrasound devices will be used to visualize the soft tissue of the calf and dorsal thigh during the manoeuvre. Maximal horizontal displacement of the soft tissue [mm] during ankle movement will be quantified as a surrogate of force transmission, using a frame-by-frame cross-correlation analysis of the obtained US videos.

Discussion
Understanding myofascial force transmission under in-vivo conditions is a pre-requisite for the development of exercise interventions specifically targeting the fascial connective tissue. Our study may thus provide health and fitness professional with the anatomical and functional basis for program design.

Trial registration
The study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (TRN: DRKS00024420), registered 8 Februar 2021, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00024420.
Prediction of the development of delirium after transcatheter aortic valve implantation using preoperative brain perfusion SPECT
Authors: Takeuchi Masashi , Suzuki Hideaki , Matsumoto Yasuharu , Kikuchi Yoku , Takanami Kentaro , Wagatsuma Toshihiro , Sugisawa Jun , Tsuchiya Satoshi , Nishimiya Kensuke , Hao Kiyotaka , Godo Shigeo , Shindo Tomohiko , Shiroto Takashi , Takahashi Jun , Kumagai Kiichiro , Kohzuki Masahiro , Takase Kei , Saiki Yoshikatsu , Yasuda Satoshi , Shimokawa Hiroaki 
Published: November 2022

Objectives
Delirium is an important prognostic factor in postoperative patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery and intervention, including transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, delirium after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (DAT) is difficult to predict and its pathophysiology is still unclear. We aimed to investigate whether preoperative cerebral blood flow (CBF) is associated with DAT and, if so, whether CBF measurement is useful for predicting DAT.

Methods
We evaluated CBF in 50 consecutive patients before TAVI (84.7±4.5 yrs., 36 females) using 99mTc ethyl cysteinate dimer single-photon emission computed tomography. Preoperative CBF of the DAT group (N = 12) was compared with that of the non-DAT group (N = 38) using whole brain voxel-wise analysis with SPM12 and region of interest-based analysis with the easy-Z score imaging system. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with the presence of DAT was used to create its prediction model.

Results
The whole brain analysis showed that preoperative CBF in the insula was lower in the DAT than in the non-DAT group (P<0.05, family-wise error correction). Decrease extent ratio in the insula of the DAT group (17.6±11.5%) was also greater relative to that of the non-DAT group (7.0±11.3%) in the region of interest-based analysis (P = 0.007). A model that included preoperative CBF in the insula and conventional indicators (frailty index, short physical performance battery and mini-mental state examination) showed the best predictive power for DAT (AUC 0.882).

Conclusions
These results suggest that preoperative CBF in the insula is associated with DAT and may be useful for its prediction.
Study protocol for the BUSCopan in LABor (BUSCLAB) study: A randomized placebo-controlled trial investigating the effect of butylscopolamine bromide to prevent prolonged labor
Authors: Sørbye Ingvil Krarup , Gaudernack Lise Christine , Einarsen Angeline , Rosseland Leiv Arne , Lukasse Mirjam , Gunnes Nina , Michelsen Trond Melbye 
Published: November 2022

Background
First-time mothers are prone to prolonged labor, defined as the crossing of partograph alert or action lines. Prolonged labor may occur among as many as one out of five women, and is associated with a range of adverse birth outcomes. Oxytocin is the standard treatment for prolonged labor, but has a narrow therapeutic window, several adverse effects and limited efficacy. Despite poor evidence, labor wards often use antispasmodic agents to treat prolonged labor. The antispasmodic drug butylscopolamine bromide (Buscopan®) may shorten duration of labor, but studies on prevention of prolonged labor are lacking. In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, we aim to evaluate the effect of butylscopolamine bromide on duration of labor in first-time mothers showing first signs of slow labor progress by crossing the World Health Organization partograph alert line.

Methods and analysis
The study is a single center study at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. We will recruit 250 primiparous women with spontaneous labor start at term. Women are included in the first stage of labor if they show signs of slow labor progress, defined as the crossing of the partograph alert line with a cervical dilation between 3–9 cm. Participants are randomized 1:1 to either 20 mg intravenous butylscopolamine bromide or intravenous placebo (1 mL sodium chlorine 9 mg/mL). We considered a mean difference of 60 minutes in labor duration clinically relevant. The primary outcome is duration of labor from the provision of the investigational medicinal product to vaginal delivery. The secondary outcomes include change in labor pain, use of oxytocin augmentation, delivery mode, and maternal birth experience. The primary data for the statistical analysis will be the full analysis set and will occur on completion of the study as per the prespecified statistical analysis plan. The primary outcome will be analyzed using Weibull regression, and we will treat cesarean delivery as a censoring event.
Nursing students’ experiences of service-learning at community and hospital pharmacies in Belize: Pedagogical implications for nursing pharmacology
Authors: Husaini Danladi Chiroma , Mphuthi David D. , Chiroma Jane A. , Abubakar Yusuf , Adeleye Adeniyi O. 
Published: November 2022

Objectives
Many students seem to find pharmacology learning very challenging due to the complexity and variety of drugs they have to study. The number of drugs the students have to learn, the duration of time to learn the medications, and the evolving nature of diseases demanded learning beyond the classroom walls. This study explored and described nursing students’ experiences in community and hospital-based pharmacy practice sites during their service-learning and its implications for pharmacology pedagogical practices.

Methods
Kolb’s learning theory provided the framework to explore nursing students’ 48-hour service-learning experiences at community/hospital-based pharmacies in Belize and its implications for pharmacology pedagogy. The study utilized two qualitative approaches, reflective journals and focus group interviews, to collect data from 46 second-year nursing students. NVivo software and coding schemes were employed to analyze the data from the interviews and reflective journals.

Results
Students reported learning medications, integrating classroom pharmacological knowledge at pharmacy practice sites, acquiring and enhancing communication skills, interpreting prescriptions, dispensing medications, drug calculations, taking inventory, doing vital signs, and patient education. In addition, students reported experiencing inter-professional relationships as healthcare team members. Anxiety was a major challenge experienced by many students at the beginning of the service-learning experience.

Conclusions
This study highlights the importance of experiential learning of pharmacology amongst second year nursing students, offering the opportunity to inform and support pharmacotherapeutics educators in designing strategies for more effective teaching of medications to nursing students. It also supports the addition of pharmacy placements to the nursing curriculum’ as it shows that nursing students can learn medications, skills, and teamwork from experiential pharmacy site posting. Combining classroom instruction with pharmacy experiential service learning might be an effective complement for teaching nursing pharmacology.
Methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from skin and nares of Brazilian children with atopic dermatitis demonstrate high level of clonal diversity
Authors: Guimarães Lorrayne Cardoso , Assunção Maria Isabella de Menezes Macedo , de Oliveira Tamara Lopes Rocha , Cavalcante Fernanda Sampaio , Saintive Simone , Abad Eliane de Dios , Goudouris Ekaterini Simoes , do Prado Evandro Alves , Ferreira Dennis de Carvalho , dos Santos Kátia Regina Netto 
Published: November 2022

Background
Atopic dermatitis (AD) primarily affects the pediatric population, which is highly colonized by S. aureus. However, little is known about the genetic features of this microorganism and other staphylococcal species that colonize AD patients.

Objective
This study aimed to characterize Staphylococcus spp. isolated from the nares and skin (with and without lesion) of 30 AD and 12 non-AD Brazilian children.

Methods
Skin and nasal swabs were cultured onto mannitol salt agar, and bacterial colonies were counted and identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated by phenotypic and genotypic tests. In S. aureus isolates, Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes were detected by PCR, and their clonality was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing.

Results
S. aureus was more prevalent in the nares (P = 0.005) and lesional skin (P = 0.0002) of children with AD, while S. hominis was more frequent in the skin of non-AD children (P < 0.0001). All children in the study, except one from each group, were colonized by methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and 24% by methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Despite the great clonal diversity of S. aureus (18 sequence types identified), most AD children (74.1%) were colonized by the same genotype in both niches.

Conclusion
High colonization by polyclonal S. aureus isolates was found among children with AD, while S. hominis was more frequent among non-AD children. The high prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal isolates highlights the importance of continued surveillance, especially when considering empiric antibiotic therapy for the treatment of skin infections in these patients.
Effectiveness of nursing interventions on the sexual quality of life of patients with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Jia , Chen Xiao Min , Xie Kai Hong 
Published: November 2022

Background
Although many studies have reported the effectiveness of nursing interventions on the sexual quality of life of patients with breast cancer, the results have not been synthesized. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of nursing interventions on the sexual quality of life of patients with breast cancer.

Review methods
A comprehensive search was conducted in 11 databases from inception to October 7, 2021. Studies evaluating the effects of nursing interventions on sexual quality of life were included. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by two independent reviewers.

Results
This review pooled 38 studies with 3,664 participants. Meta-analysis results showed that nursing interventions significantly improved sexual quality of life, including sexual function (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.60–1.37], P < 0.001) and sexual satisfaction (SMD = 0.99, 95% CI = [0.41–1.57], P < 0.001). In addition, depression (SMD = −1.16, 95% CI = [−2.08–−0.24], P = 0.01) and general quality of life (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.08–0.33], P = 0.002) were significantly improved, but body image (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI = [−0.08–0.41], P = 0.19) and anxiety (SMD = −0.45, 95% CI = [-0.93–0.02], P = 0.06) did not significantly improve. Subgroup analysis showed that nursing interventions had a stronger long-term effect on sexual function (SMD = 1.15, 95% CI = [0.51–1.80], P = P < 0.001) and was more effective in younger patients (SMD = 1.43, 95% CI = [0.63–2.23], P = P < 0.001). Nursing interventions showed a statistically significant short-term effect on sexual satisfaction (SMD = 1.32, 95% CI = [0.44–2.20], P = 0.003) and a significant effect in older patients (SMD = 1.27, 95% CI = [0.46–2.08], P = 0.002).

Conclusions
Nursing intervention may be an effective way to improve the sexual quality of life of patients with breast cancer. Nursing interventions had a stronger long-term effect on sexual function, and the group with the strongest effect is the younger patients. Nursing interventions showed a significant short-term effect on sexual satisfaction, and older patients had significant improvement in sexual satisfaction.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Cancer Epidemiology and Outcomes: An English Population-Based Study
Authors: Birch Rebecca J. , Burr Nicholas , Subramanian Venkataraman , Tiernan Jim P. , Hull Mark A. , Finan Paul , Rose Azmina , Rutter Matthew , Valori Roland , Downing Amy , Morris Eva J.A. 
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) of the colon are at an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study investigates the epidemiology of IBD-CRC and its outcomes.

METHODS:
Using population data from the English National Health Service held in the CRC data repository, all CRCs with and without prior diagnosis of IBD (Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, IBD unclassified, and IBD with cholangitis) between 2005 and 2018 were identified. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression models were used to compare the characteristics of the 2 groups and their outcomes up to 2 years.

RESULTS:
Three hundred ninety thousand six hundred fourteen patients diagnosed with CRC were included, of whom 5,141 (1.3%) also had a previous diagnosis of IBD. IBD-CRC cases were younger (median age at CRC diagnosis [interquartile range] 66 [54–76] vs 72 [63–79] years [P < 0.01]), more likely to be diagnosed with CRC as an emergency (25.1% vs 16.7% [P < 0.01]), and more likely to have a right-sided colonic tumor (37.4% vs 31.5% [P < 0.01]). Total colectomy was performed in 36.3% of those with IBD (15.4% of Crohn's, 44.1% of ulcerative colitis, 44.5% of IBD unclassified, and 67.7% of IBD with cholangitis). Synchronous (3.2% vs 1.6% P < 0.01) and metachronous tumors (1.7% vs 0.9% P < 0.01) occurred twice as frequently in patients with IBD compared with those without IBD. Stage-specific survival up to 2 years was worse for IBD-associated cancers.

DISCUSSION:
IBD-associated CRCs occur in younger patients and have worse outcomes than sporadic CRCs. There is an urgent need to find reasons for these differences to inform screening, surveillance, and treatment strategies for CRC and its precursors in this high-risk group.
A Randomized, Dose-Finding, Proof-of-Concept Study of Berberine Ursodeoxycholate in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Kowdley Kris V. , Forman Lisa , Eksteen Bertus , Gunn Nadege , Sundaram Vinay , Landis Charles , Harrison Stephen A. , Levy Cynthia , Liberman Alexander , Di Bisceglie Adrian M. , Hirschfield Gideon M. 
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a fibroinflammatory disease of the bile ducts leading to cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation. There are no approved pharmaceutical therapies for PSC. Berberine ursodeoxycholate (HTD1801) is an ionic salt of berberine and ursodeoxycholic acid with pleiotropic mechanisms of action.

METHODS:
An 18-week proof-of-concept study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of HTD1801 in PSC. This study had three 6-week periods: (i) a placebo-controlled period, (ii) a treatment extension period, and (iii) a randomized treatment withdrawal period. The primary end point was change from baseline in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at week 6.

RESULTS:
Fifty-five patients were randomized and treated; 35 (64%) had inflammatory bowel disease and 22 (40%) had previously received ursodeoxycholic acid. Patients were initially randomized to placebo (n = 16), HTD1801 500 mg BID (n = 15), or HTD1801 1000 mg BID (n = 24). At baseline, mean (range) ALP values were 414 U/L (138–1,048), 397 U/L (237–773), and 335 U/L (122–882) for the placebo, HTD1801 500 mg BID, and HTD1801 1,000 mg BID groups, respectively. At week 6, a significant decrease in ALP was observed with HTD1801 (least square mean; HTD1801 500 mg BID = −53 U/L, P = 0.016; HTD1801 1000 mg BID = −37 U/L, P = 0.019) compared with placebo (98 U/L). ALP reductions were sustained through week 18 in those who remained on therapy, whereas ALP increased in those who crossed over to placebo during period 3. HTD1801 was generally well tolerated; 4 patients experienced serious adverse events, none attributed to HTD1801.

DISCUSSION:
HTD1801 is associated with significant improvement in ALP and warrants further study as a treatment for PSC.
Concentrations for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with magnetic potentials and constant electric potentials
Authors: Wang Liping , Zhao Chunyi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article studies point concentration phenomena of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with magnetic potentials and constant electric potentials. The existing results show that a common magnetic field has no effect on the locations of point concentrations, as long as the electric potential is not a constant. This article finds out the role of the magnetic fields in the locations of point concentrations when the electric potential is a constant.
Translanguaging pedagogies in developing morphological awareness: the case of Japanese students learning Chinese in China
Authors: Teng Mark Feng , Fang Fan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This mixed-methods study explored the development of morphological awareness in learning Chinese as a third language, focusing on how the activation of a learner’s multilingual repertoire can influence morphological awareness. The study was conducted for a period of eight weeks with 62 Japanese students in a Chinese learning program at a university in China. The students are native Japanese speakers with English and Chinese as their second and third languages. The students were allocated into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received translanguaging instruction, while the control group completed learning through the monolingual approach for which the language of instruction was Chinese. The main aim of the translanguaging intervention was to help students utilize their multilinguistic repertoire across languages for their morphology learning. The results revealed that morphology learning scores were higher for the participants in the experimental group than the control group. The focus group interviews revealed that the students in the experimental group favorably perceived the use of translanguaging strategies for morphology learning. Moreover, the students in the experimental group reported cognitive, interactive, and affective benefits from translanguaging pedagogy. Finally, this paper presents relevant implications for the use of translanguaging pedagogy for teaching morphology.
Method evaluation in the clinical laboratory
Authors: Loh Tze Ping , Cooke Brian R. , Markus Corey , Zakaria Rosita , Tran Mai Thi Chi , Ho Chung Shun , Greaves Ronda F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Method evaluation is one of the critical components of the quality system that ensures the ongoing quality of a clinical laboratory. As part of implementing new methods or reviewing best practices, the peer-reviewed published literature is often searched for guidance. From the outset, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) has a rich history of publishing methods relevant to clinical laboratory medicine. An insight into submissions, from editors’ and reviewers’ experiences, shows that authors still struggle with method evaluation, particularly the appropriate requirements for validation in clinical laboratory medicine. Here, we consider through a series of discussion points an overview of the status, challenges, and needs of method evaluation from the perspective of clinical laboratory medicine. We identify six key high-level aspects of clinical laboratory method evaluation that potentially lead to inconsistency. 1. Standardisation of terminology, 2. Selection of analytical performance specifications, 3. Experimental design of method evaluation, 4. Sample requirements of method evaluation, 5. Statistical assessment and interpretation of method evaluation data, and 6. Reporting of method evaluation data. Each of these areas requires considerable work to harmonise the practice of method evaluation in laboratory medicine, including more empirical studies to be incorporated into guidance documents that are relevant to clinical laboratories and are freely and widely available. To further close the loop, educational activities and fostering professional collaborations are essential to promote and improve the practice of method evaluation procedures.
The North Ukrainian dialect of Vyšneve in the East Slavic context: towards a final description
Authors: Del Gaudio Salvatore 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The linguistic description of the dialect of Vyšneve (Černihiv, Ukraine) can be considered a milestone of a more comprehensive dialectal and sociolinguistic study on the dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian and, to a lesser extent, Russian border areas of eastern Polissia. Some of the most representative features of the Vyšneve dialect and its relation to Belarusian have already been the object of previous linguistic analysis.
The village is situated about 35 km north-east of the city of Černihiv (regional centre); 12 km south-east of the town of Ripky (former district centre). The distance to the Belarusian border is approximately 35 kilometers. Only the former district of Horodjans’k separates Vyšneve from the region of Brjansk (Russian Federation).
The factual material examined in this article aims to complete previous research gaps and, at the same time, intends to foster further theoretical reflections about the origin of these border dialects. The analysis of this local dialect (which includes the phonetic-phonological, morpho-syntactic and lexical levels) in fact lays the foundation for successive and more advanced stages of research on the Ukrainian-Belarusian-Russian border dialects. In this contribution the dialectal features will be systematically compared with both the neighbouring Belarusian dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian continuum and with the nearby southern Russian dialects, particularly with their western group. The latter, in fact, shares with the neighbouring Ukrainian and Belarusian border dialects a series of isoglosses and idiosyncratic traits.