bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biliary Leaks and Bilomas: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management Techniques
Authors: Gowda Prateek C. , Georgiades Christos S. , Weiss Clifford R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBiliary leaks and bilomas are significant complications that arise more commonly from iatrogenic or traumatic bile duct injury. These are increasingly occurring primarily due to the growing number of laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed. Diagnosis can be challenging because of nonspecific patient symptoms, but early recognition and treatment is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Detection of biliary leaks involves a strong clinical suspicion and multimodal imaging studies, including magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, cholescintigraphy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. Definitive treatment most often requires the endoscopic placement of biliary stents to decrease pressure in the biliary system and the placement of a percutaneous drain for drainage if a biloma is found. However, biliary leaks are heterogeneous in their severity and location, and some are refractory to the standard approach. In such cases, novel and minimally invasive techniques, rather than surgical procedures, have been described for the treatment of biliary leaks. Diagnosis and management require a multidisciplinary approach by diagnostic radiologists, interventional radiologists, gastroenterologists, and surgeons.
Sensitivity of organic matter mineralisation to water availability: role of solute diffusivity and the ‘Birch effect’
Authors: Qiu Weiwen , Curtin Denis , Hu Wei , Beare Mike 
Published: July 2022

Context Several functions are used to describe the effects of soil water content on organic matter mineralisation. A meta-analysis of published studies identified relative water content (RWC; available water relative to the soil’s available water holding capacity) as the best water descriptor for N mineralisation. Aims To evaluate RWC as a predictor of C and N mineralisation in New Zealand soils; and to investigate how solute diffusivity and the ‘Birch effect’ may help to explain this relationship. Methods Three agricultural soils (0–15 cm), differing in water holding capacity were incubated (8-week; 20°C) under a range of RWCs to measure carbon (respiration) and net N mineralisation. After 4 weeks, a subset of samples from each treatment were re-wetted to field capacity for a further 4-weeks to quantify the respiration response to re-wetting. Key results For all three soils, there was a linear relationship between respiration and RWC where the C respired at the wilting point (RWC = 0) was ∼25–30% of that at field capacity (RWC = 1.0). Results from a solute diffusivity model suggested that a decrease in microbial substrate supply, owing to restricted diffusion of dissolved organic compounds, contributed to moisture-induced decline in respiration. A respiration flush was not observed when RWC was >0 at re-wetting. Nitrogen mineralisation was non-linearly related to RWC, with small decreases in RWC below 1.0 (optimum) having a greater effect on N, than C, mineralisation. Conclusions RWC may be a reliable ‘water modifier’ to describe the influence of soil moisture on respiration. Further work is recommended to verify the RWC vs net N mineralisation relationship observed in this study.
Phenylthiol-BODIPY-based supramolecular metallacycles for synergistic tumor chemo-photodynamic therapy
Authors: Lin Xiongjie , Chen Feng , Yu Xiujun , Wang Heng , Qiu Huayu , Li Yang , Yin Shouchun , Stang Peter J. 
Published: July 2022

The development of more effective tumor therapy remains challenging and has received widespread attention. In the past decade, there has been growing interest in synergistic tumor therapy based on supramolecular coordination complexes. Herein, we describe two triangular metallacycles (1 and 2) constructed by the formation of pyridyl boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)–platinum coordination. Metallacycle 2 had considerable tumor penetration, as evidenced by the phenylthiol-BODIPY ligand imparting red fluorescent emission at ∼660 nm, enabling bioimaging, and transport visualization within the tumor. Based on the therapeutic efficacy of the platinum(II) acceptor and high singlet oxygen (
1
O
2
) generation ability of BODIPY, 2 was successfully incorporated into nanoparticles and applied in chemo-photodynamic tumor therapy against malignant human glioma U87 cells, showing excellent synergistic therapeutic efficacy. A half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.35 μM was measured for 2 against U87 cancer cells in vitro. In vivo experiments indicated that 2 displayed precise tumor targeting ability and good biocompatibility, along with strong antitumor effects. This work provides a promising approach for treating solid tumors by synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy of supramolecular coordination complexes.
“I am a real cat”
Authors: Truan Naomi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper is an exploration of the variety of French-speaking cats on Twitter. Among the many creative phenomena that the internet has produced, animal-related language varieties, the language used by pets, have been explored as early as the 2000s, yet with a strong and almost exclusive focus on English. I first describe the shared repertoire of lexical, semantic, phonographic, and syntactic features used by French-speaking cats, and show how the simultaneous use of a childlike code and a formal register constructs the sociolinguistic persona of cats as ambivalent animals. I argue that the French variety has become “enregistered” (Squires 2010) insofar as it is perceived and ideologically constructed as a variety of its own while promoting a welcoming culture towards new members. In doing so, cats show that the belonging to a community of practice, notably by drawing on a common repertoire of resources, does not need to be linked with processes of exclusion.
Legitimization and recontextualization of languages
Authors: Simungala Gabriel , Jimaima Hambaba 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe use the uneven distribution of languages in the public spaces of the University of Zambia and the voices and narratives that emerge to argue for legitimization and recontextualization as critical components in the presence and contestations of languages. Using data from interviews and photographs of signage in place, we show legitimization of foreign languages in which English, Japanese, and Chinese forge a place of linguistic contestation and legitimization through control and superiority. We argue for the apparent hegemony of foreign languages and the striking paucity of monolingual signage of indigenous languages as the imbalance of powers. While the former shows the influence of the global in the local, the prospects for the latter continue to diminish as their chances and opportunities as linguistic capital for wider/global communication do not look so favourable. We conclude with the glaring reality of recontextualization as capital for the display of indigenous inclined discourses.
Does nutritional status influence the effects of a multicomponent exercise programme on body composition and physical fitness in older adults with limited physical function?
Authors: Moradell Ana , Fernández‐García Ángel I. , Navarrete‐Villanueva David , Pérez‐Gómez Jorge , Gesteiro Eva , Ara Royo Ignacio , Casajús Jose Antonio , Gómez‐Cabello Alba , Vicente‐Rodríguez Germán 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTPhysical exercise effects and ageing on fitness may be influenced by nutritional status. This study investigates the effects of a 6‐month multicomponent exercise training (MCT) on nutritional status and evaluates if this type of exercise could affect differently body composition and physical fitness depending on the nutritional status of older adults with decreased functional capacity. Ninety‐three participants (80.4 ± 6.0 y) were divided into control (n = 45) and intervention (n = 48) groups. The intervention consisted of a 6‐month multicomponent training. Comparisons between changes in body composition and fitness during the 6‐months were performed between individuals at risk of malnutrition and those well‐nourished, according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Model mixed‐effect analyses were used to investigate differences after the 6 months of MCT between groups. Well‐nourished participants compared with those at risk of malnutrition had higher: arm (13.4 ± 3.5 vs 14.3 ± 33.6 repetitions) and leg strength (9.0 ± 3.0 vs 11.1 ± 3.3 repetitions), maximum walking speed (31.6 ± 13.1 vs 23.7 ± 6.3s), agility (11.9 ± 5.8 vs 8.3 ± 2.1s), and aerobic capacity (31.6 ± 13.1 vs 23.7 ± 6.3 m), at baseline. After the training, those without risk of malnutrition in CON decreased their nutritional status (−1.7 + 0.7 points). Those well‐nourished that performed the intervention decreased total fat mass (−1.0 ± 0.3 kg) and body fat percentage (−1.2 ± 0.4%). Both groups of training improved similarly in all tests, except for balance, in which the well‐nourished showed improvements of 6.3 ± 1.9s. These results underline the usefulness of MCT in improving physical fitness regardless of nutritional status and preventing nutritional status detriment in well‐nourished older adults, who are fitter and benefit more, in terms of body composition.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03831841.
Recent advances in petahertz electric field sampling
Authors: Herbst A , Scheffter K , Bidhendi M M , Kieker M , Srivastava A , Fattahi H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The ability to resolve the complete electric field of laser pulses from terahertz to mid-infrared spectral ranges has enriched time-domain spectroscopy for decades. Field-resolved measurements in this range have been performed routinely in ambient air by various techniques like electro-optic sampling, photoconductive switching, field-induced second harmonic generation, and time stretch photonics. On the contrary, resolving the electric field of light at the near-infrared spectral range has been limited to attosecond streaking and other techniques that require operation in vacuum. Recent advances are circumventing these shortcomings and extending the direct, ambient air field detection of light to petahertz frequencies. In the first part of this letter, recent field-resolved techniques are reviewed. In the second part, different approaches for temporal scanning are discussed, as the temporal resolution of the time-domain methods is prone to temporal jitter. The review concludes by discussing technological obstacles and emerging applications of such advancements.
Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO2: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments
Authors: Biondo Omar , Fromentin Chloé , Silva Tiago , Guerra Vasco , van Rooij Gerard , Bogaerts Annemie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Vibrational excitation represents an efficient channel to drive the dissociation of CO2 in a non-thermal plasma. Its viability is investigated in low-pressure pulsed discharges, with the intention of selectively exciting the asymmetric stretching mode, leading to stepwise excitation up to the dissociation limit of the molecule. Gas heating is crucial for the attainability of this process, since the efficiency of vibration–translation (V–T) relaxation strongly depends on temperature, creating a feedback mechanism that can ultimately thermalize the discharge. Indeed, recent experiments demonstrated that the timeframe of V–T non-equilibrium is limited to a few milliseconds at ca. 6 mbar, and shrinks to the μs-scale at 100 mbar. With the aim of backtracking the origin of gas heating in pure CO2 plasma, we perform a kinetic study to describe the energy transfers under typical non-thermal plasma conditions. The validation of our kinetic scheme with pulsed glow discharge experiments enables to depict the gas heating dynamics. In particular, we pinpoint the role of vibration–vibration–translation relaxation in redistributing the energy from asymmetric to symmetric levels of CO2, and the importance of collisional quenching of CO2 electronic states in triggering the heating feedback mechanism in the sub-millisecond scale. This latter finding represents a novelty for the modelling of low-pressure pulsed discharges and we suggest that more attention should be paid to it in future studies. Additionally, O atoms convert vibrational energy into heat, speeding up the feedback loop. The efficiency of these heating pathways, even at relatively low gas temperature and pressure, underpins the lifetime of V–T non-equilibrium and suggests a redefinition of the optimal conditions to exploit the ‘ladder-climbing’ mechanism in CO2 discharges.
Analytical and numerical modeling of reconfigurable reflecting metasurfaces with capacitive memory
Authors: Abraray Abdelghafour , Nunes Diogo , Maslovski Stanislav 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this article, we develop analytical–numerical models for reconfigurable reflecting metasurfaces (MSs) formed by chessboard-patterned arrays of metallic patches. These patch arrays are loaded with varactor diodes in order to enable surface impedance and reflection phase control. Two types of analytical models are considered. The first model based on the effective medium approach is used to predict the MS reflectivity. The second model is the Bloch wave dispersion model for the same structure understood as a two-dimensional transmission line metamaterial. The latter model is used to study ways to suppress parasitic resonances in finite-size beamforming MSs. We validate the developed analytical models with full-wave numerical simulations. Finally, we propose a design of the MS control network with capacitive memory that allows for independent programming of individual unit cells of the beamforming MS.
On the structure of relativistic hydrodynamics for hot plasmas
Authors: Andreev Pavel A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Novel structure for the relativistic hydrodynamics of the classical plasmas is derived following the microscopic dynamics of the charged particles. The derivation is started from the microscopic definition of the concentration. Obviously, the concentration evolution leads to the continuity equation which gives the definition of the current of particles. Next, we consider the current evolution (it differs from the momentum density). It leads to novel functions which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been consider in the literature earlier. One of these functions is the average reverse relativistic gamma factor. Its current is also considered as one of basic functions. Evolution of new functions appears via the concentration and the particle current. So, the set of equations partially closes itself. Other functions are represented using the equations of state via the basic functions at the truncation procedure. The Langmuir waves are considered within the suggested model.
R2-gravity quark stars from perturbative QCD
Authors: Jiménez José C. , Pretel Juan M.Z. , Fraga Eduardo S. , Jorás Sergio E. , Reis Ribamar R.R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We investigate the structure of quark stars in the framework of f(R)= R + αR
2 gravity using an equation of state for cold quark matter obtained from perturbative QCD, parametrized only by the renormalization scale. We show that a considerably large range of the free parameter α, within and even beyond the constraints previously reported in the literature, yield non-negligible modifications in the mass and radius of stars with large central mass densities. Their stability against baryon evaporation is analyzed through the behavior of the associated total binding energies which are slightly affected by the modified gravity term in the regime of high proper (baryon) masses.
The study of acrylic bonding gap stress for the JUNO Central Detector
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Heng Yuekun , Li Zhaohan , Ma Xiaoyan , Qian Xiaohui , Tang Hongqiang , Zhang Gaofeng , Li Mafei , Fei Rong , Huang Kaixi , Wu Zhi , Xu Meihang , He Wei , Pei Yatian , Wang Yifang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Central Detector (CD) of Jiangmen Underground Neutrino
Observatory (JUNO) has a huge acrylic spherical vessel, which will
contain 20000 tons of liquid scintillator, being immersed in pure
water, endure about 3 × 107 N of buoyancy. It is composed
of 263 pieces of acrylic spherical panels bonded by the mass
polymerization. Acrylic stress is critical to the structural safety
of the JUNO CD, and it is required not to be greater than
3.5 MPa. The specialized measurement system for acrylic stress of
the JUNO CD has been designed and realized, which supports
non-destructive and quantitative measurement. The measurement system
was applied to the main acrylic spherical panels without bonding gap
first to verify stress level, which met JUNO's requirement. The
bonding quality of acrylic spherical panels is critical, and the
stress of bonding gap is concerned. The stresses of acrylic bonding
gaps were measured using acrylic samples to help study the bonding
techniques. The stress optical coefficient of acrylic bonding gap
was calibrated and different bonding methods were studied and
compared. We found that the objective function of numerical fitting
for acrylic bonding gap needs modification when the measured optical
path difference is large, which was analyzed and discussed in this
article.
Inter-molecular interaction kinetics: tale of photon anti-bunching and bunching in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS)
Authors: Sarkar Aranyak , Kumbhakar Manoj 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Molecular interactions are fundamental to any chemical or biological processes, and their rates define the operational sequence and control for any desirable product. Here, we deliberate on a recently developed novel fluorescence spectroscopic method, which combines fluorescence photon anti-bunching, photon bunching, time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC), and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, to study composite chemical reactions with single molecule sensitivity. The proposed method captures the full picture of the multifaceted quenching kinetics, which involves static quenching by ground state complexation and collisional quenching in the excited state under dynamic exchange of fluorophore in a heterogeneous media, and which cannot be seen by steady-state or lifetime measurements alone. Photon correlation in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) provides access to interrogate interaction dynamics from picosecond to seconds, stitching all possible stages of dye-quencher interaction in a micellar media. This is not possible with the limited time window available to conventional ensemble techniques like TCSPC, flash photolysis, transient absorption, stop-flow, etc. The basic premises of such unified global analysis and sanctity of extracted parameters critically depends on the minimum but precise description of reaction scheme, for which careful inspection of ensemble spectroscopy data for photo-physical behaviour is very important. Though in this contribution we discussed and demonstrated the merits of photon antibunching and bunching spectroscopy for dye-quencher interaction in cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micellar solution by photo-induced electron transfer mechanism and the influence of micellar charge and microenvironment on the interaction kinetics, but in principal similar arguments are equally applicable to any other interaction mechanisms which alter fluorescence photon correlations, like Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), proton transfer, isomerisation, etc.
Study on surface nanocrystallization and dislocation configuration of E690 steel strengthened by laser shock peening
Authors: Chen Haotian , Ge Liangchen , Hua Guoran , Tian Zongjun , Liu Xiaoming 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Through the combination of simulation and experiment, this paper explored the direct relationship between laser energy and surface nanocrystallization of E690 high strength steel, and analyzed the indirect relationship between surface residual compressive stress and surface nanocrystallization. The experimental and simulation results showed that when the laser energy reached 10J, grain refinement occurred on the surface of E690 high strength steel, and the maximum residual compressive stress appeared on the sub surface of the material. At the same time, with the increase of laser energy, violent vibration and extrusion occurred between lattices, resulting in a certain micro thermal effect and inducing the climbing of screw dislocations. Therefore, there was a qualitative relationship between the surface nanocrystallization of E690 high strength steel after laser shock processing and the distribution of residual stress, that was, when the maximum residual stress appeared on the sub surface, the surface of material appeared nanocrystallization. This was because surface nanocrystallization consumed a lot of energy, which reduced the surface residual stress. This study was of great significance to predict the dislocation configuration changes of E690 high strength steel after laser shock processing.
Printing of MXene-based materials and the applications: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Chen Xiyue , Yang Ruxue , Wu Xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
MXene, as a family of novel two-dimensional materials, has injected new blood into the nanomaterials community, and revealed great promise in the applications of various fields attributing to their extraordinary properties. To realize the application potential of MXene, suitable nano-manufacturing techniques are highly expected. Traditional constructing techniques (coating, extrusion and deposition) are failing to offer accurate control on material interface and roughness, which generally leads to inferior devices performance. Well-developed printing processes are powerful tools to precisely manufacture multiscale, multimaterials and multifunctional devices, and equip them with satisfied properties, providing new opportunities for the manufacturing of MXene. There have been increasing research efforts being spent to combine the printing methods with MXene-based materials. Nevertheless, lots of difficulties and limitations still exist. In this paper, we provide a state-of-the-art review on the recent research progress around the printing of MXene-based materials, focusing on three parts, i.e. the formation of printable inks, current mainstream printing methods and the applications of the as-printed objects. At last, future challenges and research opportunities are outlooked, aiming at providing useful information for the researchers in this field.
Investigation into the deterioration of Castanopsis hystrix buried wood by anatomical, chemical and thermal analysis
Authors: Zhenzhong Gao , Mengjie Chen , Shuqi Cao , Jin Sun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Comparative studies of the anatomy and composition had been investigated to learn about the degradation characteristics of Castanopsis hystrix wood. Its chemical degradation was analyzed with wet chemical analysis, Fourier-transform infrared analysis, x-ray diffraction analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Its morphology was observed with light microscopes and scanning electron techniques. It was found that the deformation and separation of cell walls have no effect on the identification of C. hystrix wood. The degradation of polysaccharides leads to the mechanical properties of C. hystrix buried wood decreased. The inclusions exist in cells of C. hystrix buried wood increased, and the dark color is related to the inclusions and ferric oxide. Furthermore, the hemicellulose was heavily degraded but there was no obvious degradation of crystalline cellulose. Large amounts of inorganic elements such as Fe and S were detected in the ash of C. hystrix buried wood.