bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations Between New York Heart Association Classification, Objective Measures, and Long-term Prognosis in Mild Heart Failure
Authors: Rohde Luis E. , Zimerman André , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Claggett Brian L. , Packer Milton , Desai Akshay S. , Zile Michael , Rouleau Jean , Swedberg Karl , Lefkowitz Martin , Shi Victor , McMurray John J. V. , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: December 2022

ImportanceHeart failure (HF) treatment recommendations are centered on New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, such that most apparently asymptomatic patients are not eligible for disease-modifying therapies.ObjectivesTo assess within-patient variation in NYHA classification over time, the association between NYHA class and an objective measure of HF severity (N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP] level), and their association with long-term prognosis in the PARADIGM-HF trial.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAll patients in PARADIGM-HF were in NYHA class II or higher at baseline and were treated with sacubitril-valsartan during a 6- to 10-week run-in period before randomization. Patients classified as NYHA class I, II, and III in PARADIGM-HF were compared at randomization.ExposuresNYHA class at randomization after 6 to 10 weeks of the run-in period.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcome was cardiovascular death or first HF hospitalization. Logistic regression models, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), kernel density estimation overlaps, and Cox proportional hazards models were used.ResultsThe analysis included 8326 patients with known NYHA classification at randomization. Of 389 patients in NYHA class I, 228 (58%) changed functional class during the first year after randomization. Level of NT-proBNP was a poor discriminator of NYHA classification: for NYHA class I vs II, the AUC was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.48-0.54). For NT-proBNP level, estimated kernel density overlap was 93% between NYHA class I vs II, 79% between NYHA I vs III, and 83% between NYHA II vs III. Patients classified as NYHA III displayed a distinctively higher rate of cardiovascular events (NYHA III vs I, hazard ratio [HR], 1.84; 95% CI, 1.44-2.37; NYHA III vs II, HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.35-1.64). Patients in NYHA class I and II revealed lower event rates (NYHA II vs I, HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.97-1.58). Stratification by NT-proBNP level (&amp;lt;1600 pg/mL or ≥1600 pg/mL) identified subgroups with distinctive risk, such that NYHA class I patients with high NT-proBNP levels (n = 175) had a numerically higher event rate than patients with low NT-proBNP levels from any NYHA class (vs I, HR, 3.43; 95% CI, 2.03-5.87; vs II, HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.58-2.86; vs III, HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.00-1.88).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, patients in NYHA class I and II overlapped substantially in objective measures and long-term prognosis. Physician-defined “asymptomatic” functional class concealed patients who were at substantial risk for adverse outcomes. NYHA classification might be limited to differentiate mild forms of HF.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01035255
Changes and Associations Between Gait Biomechanics and Knee Inflammation After Aspiration and Glucocorticoid Injection for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Pinto Ryan F. , Birmingham Trevor B. , Philpott Holly T. , Primeau Codie A. , Leitch Kristyn M. , Arsenault Dominique A. , Appleton C. Thomas 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveAlthough knee inflammation is thought to adversely affect joint function in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), the effects of reducing knee inflammation on gait biomechanics and strength are unknown. Our objectives were to compare ultrasound (US) measures of knee inflammation, gait biomechanics, knee extension and flexion strength, and pain before and after knee aspiration and glucocorticoid injection, and to explore associations among changes.MethodsForty‐nine patients (69 knees) with symptomatic knee OA and synovitis were tested before and 3–4 weeks after US‐guided knee aspiration and glucocorticoid injection. At each visit, participants completed US assessments for inflammatory features of knee OA, 3D gait analysis, isokinetic knee extension and flexion strength tests, and Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) pain subscales. Linear and polynomial mixed‐effects regression models were used to investigate changes and their associations.ResultsChanges were observed for the synovitis score (unstandardized β [post‐injection minus pre‐injection] –0.55/9 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) –0.97, –0.12]), effusion depth (–1.05 mm [95% CI –1.07, –0.39]), KOOS pain (unstandardized β 5.91/100 [95% CI 1.86, 9.97]), peak external knee flexion and extension moments (KFM; 3.33 Nm [95% CI 0.45, 6.22]), KEM (–2.99 Nm [95% CI –5.93, –0.05]), and knee extension strength (4.70 Nm [95% CI 0.39, 9.00]) and flexion strength (3.91 Nm [95% CI 1.50, 6.81]). The external KFM increased during 13–38% and 76–89% of stance post‐injection. When controlled for time, greater synovitis was associated with lower knee extension strength, while lower pain was associated with increased knee extension and flexion strength.ConclusionIn patients with knee OA and synovitis, reduced inflammation and pain after aspiration and glucocorticoid injection are associated with changes in knee gait biomechanics and strength.
Distributed adaptive neural network fixed‐time leader‐follower attitude consensus control for multiple rigid spacecraft
Authors: Qi Wen‐Nian , Wu Ai‐Guo , Dong Rui‐Qi 
Published: December 2022

SummaryIn this paper, the problem of fixed‐time attitude consensus control is addressed for a group of rigid spacecraft in the presence of inertia uncertainties and external disturbances. By applying the adaptive technique and neural network approximation technique to handle the disturbances and uncertainties, an adaptive neural network‐based distributed protocol is proposed to achieve attitude consensus control for multiple rigid spacecraft. The proposed distributed attitude consensus protocol is composed of a group of distributed fixed‐time observers for followers to estimate the leader's information and an adaptive neural network‐based fixed‐time sliding mode control law to realize attitude tracking control. Rigorous proofs are provided to demonstrate that the estimation errors of the proposed observers are convergent in a fixed time. Further, it is also proven that attitude tracking errors reach some adjustable regions in a fixed time under the proposed attitude consensus protocol. Numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed distributed attitude consensus protocol.
The Opportunity of Negative Capacitance Behavior in Flash Memory for High‐Density and Energy‐Efficient In‐Memory Computing Applications
Authors: Kim Taeho , Kim Giuk , Lee Young Kyu , Ko Dong Han , Hwang Junghyeon , Lee Sangho , Shin Hunbeom , Jeong Yeongseok , Jung Seong‐Ook , Jeon Sanghun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFlash memory is a promising candidate for use in in‐memory computing (IMC) owing to its multistate operations, high on/off ratio, non‐volatility, and the maturity of device technologies. However, its high operation voltage, slow operation speed, and string array structure severely degrade the energy efficiency of IMC. To address these challenges, a novel negative capacitance‐flash (NC‐flash) memory‐based IMC architecture is proposed. To stabilize and utilize the negative capacitance (NC) effect, a HfO2‐based reversible single‐domain ferroelectric (RSFE) layer is developed by coupling the flexoelectric and surface effects, which generates a large internal field and surface polarization pinning. Furthermore, NC‐flash memory is demonstrated for the first time by introducing a RSFE and dielectric heterostructure layer in which the NC effect is stabilized as a blocking layer. Consequently, an energy‐efficient and high‐throughput IMC is successfully demonstrated using an AND flash‐like cell arrangement and source‐follower/charge‐sharing vector‐matrix multiplication operation on a high‐performance NC‐flash memory.
Highly Stretchable, Responsive Flexible Dual‐Mode Magnetic Strain Sensor
Authors: Guo Xiaohui , Hong Weiqiang , Zhang Tianxu , Li Hongjin , Zhu Tong , Hong Qi , Wang Di , Liu Long , Zhao Yunong , Wang Dandan , Mai Zhihong , Wang Ming , Yan Feng , Meng Yuan , Xu Yaohua , Xing Guozhong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStretchable strain sensors with high stability, high responsiveness, and low detection limit provide the broad potential for intelligent robots and electronic skin. However, developing low‐cost strain sensors with contact and non‐contact sensing modes remains a significant challenge. In this study, a flexible magnetic strain sensor based on a sandwich structure is proposed to address this challenge. The proposed structure utilizes the coordination between carbon black and Fe3O4 microparticles in the silicone rubber matrix to enhance the sensor's sensitivity to external strain and magnetic stimuli. The sensor exhibits excellent tensile properties with a strain range of up to 180%, fast response/recovery time (78 ms/65 ms), high stability, and durability after 9000 cycles. Moreover, the flexible magnetic strain sensors can detect micro‐vibration and micro‐strain signals. It can also be performed as electronic skin to precisely sense human movements. Furthermore, the newly developed sensor can accurately sense oncoming objects and bicycle riding speed/distance, and a flexible magnetic keyboard is conceived. Consequently, the dual‐modal magnetic strain sensor exhibits an excellent ability to identify contact and non‐contact states and has broad application prospects in next‐generation intelligent products.
Utilizing Breakdown Discharge of Self‐Powered Triboelectric Nanogenerator to Realize Multimodal Sterilization
Authors: Chen Junhuan , Li Jiawei , Wang Peng , Peng Yating , Wang Congyu , Wang Junlei , Zhang Dun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is regarded as an efficient electrical energy generation technology for powering sterilization and disinfection systems. However, TENG‐based sterilization systems usually involve special materials and additional equipments. Additionally, the energy dissipation in TENG application, especially the breakdown discharge phenomenon, also restricts its practicability. In this work, based on the newly optimized high‐performance soft‐contact freestanding rotary TENG and “undesired” breakdown discharge, the self‐powered sterilizer is presented. The experiments demonstrate that this self‐powered sterilizer can effectively inactivate representative bacteria and mixed bacteria. Meanwhile, the analysis of active bacteria density and antibacterial rate reveal the effects of the system airtightness and the flow velocity of bacterial solution on sterilization performance. Furthermore, the investigations on bacterial morphology and solution composition demonstrate that the superior sterilization efficiency of self‐powered sterilizer is caused by the current‐induced deformation of bacteria membranes, and the generation of active chlorine and superoxide in sterilization system. As a result, the air breakdown‐based multimodal sterilization endows the self‐powered sterilizer with wide antibacterial spectrum without the emergence of drug resistance. This work not only provides an effective and straightforward strategy for developing self‐powered sterilization systems but also offers useful insights for the optimal use of TENG‐based energy resources.
Insights into the Effect of Catalytic Intratumoral Lactate Depletion on Metabolic Reprogramming and Immune Activation for Antitumoral Activity
Authors: Zhao Junlong , Tian Zhimin , Zhao Shoujie , Feng Dayun , Guo Zhixiong , Wen Liangzhi , Zhu Yejing , Xu Fenghua , Zhu Jun , Ma Shouzheng , Hu Jie , Jiang Tao , Qu Yongquan , Chen Dongfeng , Liu Lei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLactate, a characteristic metabolite of the tumor microenvironment (TME), drives immunosuppression and promotes tumor progression. Material‐engineered strategies for intratumoral lactate modulations demonstrate their promise for tumor immunotherapy. However, understanding of the inherent interconnections of material‐enabled lactate regulation, metabolism, and immunity in the TME is scarce. To address this issue, urchin‐like catalysts of the encapsulated Gd‐doped CeO2, syrosingopine, and lactate oxidase are used in ZIF‐8 (USL, where U, S, and L represent the urchin‐like Gd‐doped CeO2@ZIF‐8, syrosingopine, and lactate oxidase, respectively) and orthotopic tumor models. The instructive relationships of intratumoral lactate depletion, metabolic reprogramming, and immune activation for catalytic immunotherapy of tumors is illustrated. The catalysts efficiently oxidize intratumoral lactate and significantly promote tumor cell apoptosis by in situ‐generated ·OH, thereby reducing glucose supply and inducing mitochondrial damage via lactate depletion, thus reprogramming glycometabolism. Subsequently, such catalytic metabolic reprogramming evokes both local and systemic antitumor immunity by activating M1‐polarizaed macrophages and CD8+ T cells, leading to potent antitumor immunity. This study provides valuable mechanistic insights into material‐interfered tumor therapy through intratumoral lactate depletion and consequential connection with metabolic reprogramming and immunity remodeling, which is thought to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Pure Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: Focusing on Preparation and Strategies
Authors: Liu Hairui , Zhang Zuhong , Zuo Weiwei , Roy Rajarshi , Li Meng , Byranvand Mahdi Malekshahi , Saliba Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMetal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as an important direction for photovoltaic research. Although the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of lead‐based PSCs has reached 25.7%, still the toxicity of Pb remains one main obstacle for commercial adoption. Thus, to address this issue, Pb‐free perovskites have been proposed. Among them, tin‐based perovskites have emerged as promising candidates. Unfortunately, the fast oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ leads to low stability and efficiency. Many strategies have been implemented to address these challenges in Sn‐based PSCs. This work introduces stability and efficiency improvement strategies for pure Sn‐based PSCs by optimization of the crystal structure, processing and interfaces as well as, implementation of low‐dimension structures. Finally, new perspectives for further developing Sn‐based PSCs are provided.
CO2 solubility in aqueous N‐methylcyclohexylamine (MCA) and N‐cyclohexyl‐1,3‐propanediamine (CHAP) solutions
Authors: Tzirakis Fragkiskos , Papadopoulos Athanasios I. , Seferlis Panos , Tsivintzelis Ioannis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractN‐methylcyclohexylamine (MCA) and N‐cyclohexyl‐1,3‐propanediamine (CHAP) have been suggested, in mixtures with lipophilic amines, as potential phase change solvents for CO2 capture applications, and subsequently studied as promising alternatives to monoethanolamine (MEA) for minimizing the desorber's energy requirements. In this study, new high pressure experimental data were obtained for the solubility of CO2 in aqueous solutions containing MCA or CHAP at 313 and 333 K. The obtained data were used to parameterize the modified Kent–Eisenberg model. In this direction, CHAP was modeled assuming a “principle of independent reactivity,” that is, that the reactivity of each amine group does not depend on the potential reaction of the other one. It was shown that through this approach the model can be successfully applied to diamines using the relevant equations of amine mixtures.
Financial impact of a specialized Down syndrome clinic: Implications and support for institutional support of specialty care clinics
Authors: VanZant J. Seth , Vellody Kishore 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIndividuals with Down syndrome (DS) have specific health care needs and require additional screening and surveillance for commonly associated conditions. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on Genetics has provided clinical guidance in “Health Supervision for Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome.” Many DS specialty centers (DSC) have been created, in part, to help ensure adherence to these guidelines. The primary purpose of this work is to determine the financial impact of a specialized DSC. A retrospective chart review was completed for all patients seen in DSC for fiscal year 2018 (June 2018–June 2019). Charts were reviewed to ascertain the financial impact of a DSC to a healthcare system by calculating total downstream charges (using CMS Chargemaster) as a surrogate marker for financial impact. Five‐hundred‐seventy‐four patient encounters were conducted; 99 were new patient visits. Annual charges totaled $1,399,450. The 1–5‐year‐old age group accounted for greater than half of all charges. The greatest proportion of charges resulted from sleep studies and other diagnostic testing (55%). DS clinics are extremely helpful in ensuring that children receive guideline‐based care. Taking into account downstream revenue, specialized DSCs are also financially beneficial to the institutions with whom they are affiliated.
Barriers to applying to the NDIS for Australians with psychosocial disability: A scoping review
Authors: Mellifont Damian , Hancock Nicola , Scanlan Justin Newton , Hamilton Deborah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) was designed to support Australians living with disability. However, public data evidence the low number of people with psychosocial disability in the Scheme. One reason for these low numbers is that many people with psychosocial disability have still not applied to receive NDIS support. The aim of this review was to analyse and synthesise previously reported barriers preventing people with psychosocial disability applying to the Scheme. A search of seven databases identified 61 relevant documents including peer‐reviewed research, published expert opinion pieces, newspaper articles and government and independent enquiries and reports. Thematic analysis revealed five overarching barriers to applying: social inequities acting as barriers to applying; stigma, trauma and previous negative experiences; barriers to finding supports needed to apply; challenges understanding the relevance of the Scheme; and experiences and symptoms of mental illness extend and exacerbate barriers. These barriers signpost problems inherent within an application process designed without engaging or being responsive to the expertise of and insights into people living with psychosocial disability. Resolution of these substantial barriers will not be a small task. It will require commitment to redesigning the Scheme's application process through a genuinely codesigned approach.
Brain vitamin D forms, cognitive decline, and neuropathology in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Shea M. Kyla , Barger Kathryn , Dawson‐Hughes Bess , Leurgans Sue E. , Fu Xueyan , James Bryan D. , Holland Thomas M. , Agarwal Puja , Wang Jifan , Matuszek Gregory , Heger Nicholas E. , Schneider Julie A. , Booth Sarah L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionVitamin D purportedly protects against cognitive decline and dementia based on observational data using circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Little is known about vitamin D in the human brain and the association with dementia or neuropathology.MethodsDecedents of the Rush Memory and Aging Project (n = 290) had vitamin D concentrations measured in four brain regions. Associations with cognitive and neuropathological outcomes were estimated using linear and logistic regression.ResultsThe main form of vitamin D in all brain regions measured was 25(OH)D3. Higher brain 25(OH)D3 concentrations were associated with a 25% to 33% lower odds of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at the last visit before death (all P ≤ .031). However, brain 25(OH)D concentrations were not associated with any post‐mortem neuropathology outcome studied.DiscussionHigher brain 25(OH)D3 concentrations were associated with better cognitive function prior to death. Additional research is needed to clarify the specific mechanisms underlying this potentially protective relationship.
Recent Advances in Oral and Transdermal Protein Delivery Systems
Authors: Yang Yinxian , Zhou Ruyi , Wang Yanfang , Zhang Yuqi , Yu Jicheng , Gu Zhen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProtein and peptide drugs are predominantly administered by injection to achieve high bioavailability, but this greatly compromises patient compliance. Oral and transdermal drug delivery with minimal invasiveness and high adherence represent attractive alternatives to injection administration. However, oral and transdermal administration of bioactive proteins must overcome biological barriers, namely the gastrointestinal and skin barriers, respectively. The rapid development of new materials and technologies promises to address these physiological obstacles. This review provides an overview of the latest advances in oral and transdermal protein delivery, including chemical strategies, synthetic nanoparticles, medical microdevices, and biomimetic systems for oral administration, as well as chemical enhancers, physical approaches, and microneedles in transdermal delivery. We also discuss challenges and future perspectives of the field with a focus on innovation and translation.
Elektrochemische Synthese von Pyrazolinen und Pyrazolen via [3+2] dipolarer Cycloaddition
Authors: Linden Martin , Hofmann Silja , Herman Antonia , Ehler Nicole , Bär Robin M. , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPyrazoline und Pyrazole sind häufige und wichtige Bestandteile vieler Pharmaka und Agrochemikalien. Diese Arbeit zeigt den ersten elektrochemischen Ansatz zu deren direkter Synthese aus leicht zugänglichen Hydrazonen und Dipolarophilen bis in den Dekagrammbereich. Die Anwendung eines zweiphasigen Systems (wässrig/organisch) ermöglicht auch die Umsetzung hochempfindlicher Alkene, wobei kostengünstiges Natriumiodid gleichzeitig als Leitsalz und Mediator eingesetzt wird. Darüber hinaus wurden entscheidende Zwischenstufen isoliert, die einen Einblick in den Reaktionsmechanismus geben. Die Relevanz der vorgestellten Reaktion wird durch die Synthese des kommerziellen Herbizidsafeners Mefenpyr‐Diethyl in guter Ausbeute unterstrichen.
Rational Positioning of Metal Ions to Stabilize Open Tin Sites in Beta Zeolite for Catalytic Conversion of Sugars
Authors: Sun Pengyao , Liu Chong , Wang Haiyong , Liao Yuhe , Li Xuning , Liu Qiying , Sels Bert F. , Wang Chenguang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVia hydrothermal synthesis of Sn‐Al gels, mild dealumination and ion exchange, a bimetallic Sn‐Ni‐Beta catalyst was prepared which can convert glucose to methyl lactate (MLA) and methyl vinyl glycolate (MVG) in methanol at yields of 71.2 % and 10.2 %, respectively. Results from solid‐state magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, spectroscopic analysis, probe‐temperature‐programmed desorption, and density functional theory calculations conclusively reveal that the openness of the Sn sites, such as by the formation of [(SiO)3−Sn−OH] entities, is governed by an adjacent metal cation such as Ni2+, Co2+, and Mn2+. This relies on the low structure‐defective pore channel, provided by the current synthesis scheme, and the specific silica hydroxyl anchor point is associated with the incorporation of Sn for additional and precise metal ion localization. The presence of metal cations significantly improved the catalytic performance of Sn‐Ni‐Beta for glucose isomerization and conversion to MLA of sugar compared with Sn‐Beta.