bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic illustration of anti-tumor mechanism of action of tanshinones from Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma using network pharmacology
Authors: Zheng Qi , Hou Wei , Li Daorui , Qi Xin , Zhang Yun , Wang Hanzhou 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is a traditional Chinese herb, which is wildly used in cancer and inflammatory disorders. Tanshinones are a kind of phenanthrenequinone derivant, which were extracted from Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and have been studied for medical purposes in clinical practices. This study systematic illustrated the mechanism of tanshinones via network pharmacology. Tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA, dihydrotanshinone and cryptotanshinone were selected and exhibited distinct inhibitory effects on tumor cells. With the aim of creating a new research perspective, we analyzed the mechanisms of the pathogenesis and predict multiple target proteins and pathways for further. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of tanshinones were assessed using TCMSP and putative target genes of tanshinones were identified using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and Genecards. The common and high scored putative target genes were analyzed follow. Additionally, GO and KEGG databases were searched to predict and annotate the differentially expressed genes using WebGestalt. Furthermore, Cytoscape software was used to construct the drug-target-pathway networks to provide a visual illustration. The results showed the oral bioavailability and drug likeness of tanshinones, and 50 common and high scored putative target genes were analyzed. GO, KEGG, and network analyses revealed that these targets were associated with immunologic processes. Cryptotanshinone and has a good binding affinity to EGFR based on molecular docking verification. This study provides a scientific basis for using network pharmacology in elucidating the mechanism of action of tanshinones in the treatment of cancer and predicted multiple target proteins and pathways.
Analysis of evolutionary features of Production–Living–Ecological Space in the Yellow River Basin and its ecological and environmental effects
Authors: Yu Qiang , Yang Linzhe Z. , Niu Teng , Wu Heng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Yellow River Basin is an important ecological security barrier and an important economic belt in China. With the rapid development of China’s economy, the competition for production, living and ecological spaces(PLES) in the Yellow River Basin, is becoming more and more intensive, the ecological environment problems caused by land use change have also attracted extensive attention. In this paper, land use transition matrix, Standard deviation ellipse, spatial autocorrelation analysis, ecological contribution rate of land use transfer, etc. methods were used, to quantitatively analyze the land use conversion and spatial-temporal pattern characteristics of PLES, and the effects of those on ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin. Research indicates: Yellow River Basin is mainly dominated by production space and ecological space. In the Yellow River Basin, during the period from 1980 to 2020, the agricultural production space decreased, the woodland ecological space and living space increased, and large area of sandy land and saline-alkali land are converted into grassland ecological space; The intensity of coal exploitation has increased, and the mining center has shifted from the east to the west. In the past 40 years, the overall ecological environment quality of the Yellow River Basin has been on the rise. According to the spatial autocorrelation analysis of different land use types, the regional differences of the spatial pattern changes in the Yellow River Basin are significant, and the interactive increase-decrease relationship of different land space types has significant differences and obvious spatial heterogeneity. This paper conducts a quantitative study on the characteristics of PLES pattern changes and its ecological and environmental effects in the Yellow River Basin, providing a decision-making reference for promoting the coordinated development of PLES, which is conducive to promoting ecological security protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.
Regulation of insulin secretion in mouse islets: Metabolic amplification by alpha- ketoisocaproate coincides with rapid and sustained increase in acetyl-CoA content Running title: Role of acetyl-CoA in amplified insulin secretion
Authors: Rustenbeck Ingo , Panten Uwe , Brüning Dennis 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Glucose and alpha-ketoisocaproate, the keto acid analogue of leucine, stimulate insulin secretion in the absence of other metabolic fuels. Their mitochondrial metabolism in the beta-cell raises the cytosolic ATP/ADP ratio, thereby providing the triggering signal for the exocytosis of the insulin granules. However, additional amplifying signals are required for the full extent of insulin secretion stimulated by these fuels. While it is generally recognized that they are also derived from the mitochondrial metabolism, their exact nature is still unclear. The current study tests the hypothesis that cytosolic acetyl-CoA is a signal in the amplifying pathway. Methods: The contents of acetyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA plus CoA-SH were measured in isolated mouse islets. Insulin secretion was recorded in isolated perifused islets. Results: In islets which were preincubated without metabolic fuel while the ATP-sensitive K+ channels were pharmacologically closed, 10 mmol/L alpha-ketoisocaproate strongly enhanced the acetyl-CoA content after 5 and 20 min incubations and decreased the acetyl-CoA plus CoA-SH content within 5 min, but not after 20 min. Compared with the preincubation of islets without metabolic fuel, the preincubation with 3 mmol/L glucose, a non-triggering concentration, elevated the acetyl-CoA content. This content was further increased after 5 min and 20 min incubations with 30 mmol/L glucose, concurrent with a strong increase in insulin secretion. Conclusion: Alpha-ketoisocaproate and glucose increase the supply of acetyl-CoA in the beta-cell cytosol during both phases of insulin secretion. Most likely this increase provides a signal for the metabolic amplification.
Conceptual and analytical diversity of environmental governance in Latin America: A systematic review
Authors: Mora Gabriela De la Mora-De la 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The analysis of environmental governance and the analytical frameworks used to study this concept in Latin America show that the term is diffuse and polysemic. The term governance refers to democratic societies that theoretically encourage the plural participation of actors in decision-making to solve public or collective socioenvironmental problems. However, in Latin America, there is a broad social perception of a democratic deficit that affects the socioenvironmental sphere. The objective of this work is to determine the main trends in studies on environmental governance in Latin America, the most commonly used analytical frameworks and the predominant approaches in order to characterize the scientific and political uses of the concept. A systematic literature review is carried out on databases in English and Spanish, and 140 articles that consider environmental governance using various analytical frameworks are analyzed. The main finding is the predominance of a critical perspective on the effectiveness of environmental governance, as well as the associated institutional components and social organizations, because the democratic practices that should support it are questionable.
Association between dyslipidaemia and the risk of hyperuricaemia: A six-year longitudinal cohort study of elderly individuals in China
Authors: Xu Ying , Dong Haoyu , Zhang Boya , Zhang Jiayu , Ma Qinghua , Sun Hongpeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite abundant evidence indicating that dyslipidaemia are associated with increased risks of hyperuricaemia, the relationship between each component of dyslipidaemia and hyperuricaemia remains controversial. Thus,we aimed to explore the correlation of dyslipidaemia and its components with hyperuricaemia in Chinese elderly individuals aged 60 years or older.
Methods
In the cohort study, 4081 participants aged 60 years or older without hyperuricaemia were investigated from 2014 to 2020. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the associations between dyslipidaemia and its components (hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterolaemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolaemia) and hyperuricaemia.
Results
A total of 1155 participants suffered from hyperuricaemia (28.75%) at the time of the 6-year follow-up survey. In multivariable adjusted analyses, compared to participants with normal lipid levels, those with dyslipidaemia had 1.28 times the risk (95% confidence interval 1.12 to 1.47) of experiencing hyperuricaemia. The hazard ratios comparing hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterolaemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolaemia of dyslipidaemia with the normal group were 0.99 (0.72 to 1.37), 1.30 (1.07 to 1.57), 1.02 (0.70 to 1.50), and 1.20 (1.00 to 1.44), respectively.
Conclusions
In this prospective cohort, dyslipidaemia and its two different types, hypertriglyceridaemia and low HDL-C, increased the risk of hyperuricaemia.
New AMH cutoff values for warning of decreased ovarian response based on MCL characteristics in young women: a retrospective study using a propensity score-matching analysis
Authors: Lv Jia-Bei , Han Ying , Wang Xin-Yan , Yuan Li-Na , Diao Jun-Rong , Fan Ya-Zhen , Luo Hai-Ning 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Menstrual cycle length (MCL) and ovarian response varies widely among women of childbearing age, we tried to provide AMH cutoffs for "normal" and "weakened" ovarian responses to them, which give an early warning of the onset of decreased ovarian response.Methods This was a retrospective study in women aged 21 to 35 years with MCLs of 21-35 days receiving in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment at our hospital from October 2018 to October 2021. Intergroup variables were balanced using propensity score matching, and each case patient was matched with three control patients. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to calculate the AMH cutoff values.Results We included 135 patients with MCLs of 21-25 days and 405 matched control patients with MCLs of 26-35 days who received IVF treatment. The case group had significantly fewer retrieved oocytes, lower AMH values and higher initial and total Gn levels during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation than the control group. The ovarian response began to decrease when AMH was < 3.5 ng/ml in the case group and < 2.7 ng/ml in the control group.Conclusion In young women with MCLs of 21-35 days, short MCL was negatively correlated with AMH values and the number of oocytes retrieved. In patients with MCLs of 21-25 days and 26-35 days, the AMH cutoff values corresponding to the onset of decreased ovarian response were 3.5 ng/ml and 2.7 ng/ml, respectively.
The importance of preserving the superior hypophyseal artery infundibular branch in craniopharyngioma surgery
Authors: Sasaki Hiroo , Takeuchi Kazuhito , Tanahashi Kuniaki , Nagata Yuichi , Mizuno Akihiro , Harada Hideyuki , Kishida Yugo , Watanabe Tadashi , Nagatani Tetsuya , Saito Ryuta 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Postoperative pituitary dysfunction, a critical problem in the treatment of craniopharyngiomas, can occur even when the pituitary stalk is preserved. We hypothesized that vascular compromise of the primary superior hypophyseal artery (pSHA) may be related to this occurrence.
Methods
We performed a retrospective review of 131 patients with craniopharyngioma who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery from April 2009 to September 2021. Initial surgery, preoperative normal pituitary function or pituitary dysfunction in one axis, and morphological preservation of the pituitary stalk were included. Data on the age, sex, maximum tumor diameter, Kassam type and tumor resection rate of the included patients were obtained from their medical records. The branches of the pSHA are divided mainly into chiasmatic branches (Cb), infundibular branches (Ib), and descending branches (Db). We analyzed the association between postoperative pituitary function and preservation of these branches.
Results
Twenty of the 131 patients met the criteria. The preoperative anterior pituitary functions were normal in 18 patients, and there was isolated growth hormone deficiency in two patients. No patient had preoperative diabetes insipidus (DI). The postoperative anterior pituitary function was unchanged in eight patients. Permanent DI did not occur in 15 patients. Bilateral preservation of the pSHA Ib was the only associated factor for maintaining anterior pituitary function. In contrast, the preservation of any pSHA branch yielded no significant difference in postoperative permanent DI.
Conclusions
In craniopharyngioma surgery, bilateral preservation of the pSHA Ib provides favorable postoperative anterior pituitary function; however, such preservation may have little effect on postoperative DI occurrence.
Physiological Effects of Freeze-Thaw, Cadmium and Ambrosin Combined Stress on Secale cereale L. Seedlings
Authors: Zhang Longtian , Bao Guozhang , Yu Zihang , Guan Tao , Li Jingwen , Su Yidan , Yang Yinan , Xi Jinghui , Zhang Xin , Guomei Li , Zhao Hongwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Rye is a kind of wintering forage grass, distributed in China in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, northeast China and other alpine or arid areas. Additionally, ragweed, an invasive plant originated from the North America, is widely distributed in the northeast region of China, releasing ambrosin-based allelopathic substances to the environment and inflicting a wide impact on crops. In this experiment, the physiological response of Winter 70 rye under the compound stress of freeze-thaw, Cd and ragweed is studied, and the soluble sugar, soluble protein, CAT, MDA, SOD content and photosynthesis changes of rye seedlings under stress were analyzed. The results showed that under the stress of Cd and ambrosin, the content of MDA, soluble protein and soluble sugar, and CAT content increased, and the SOD content decreased under Cd stress, and the SOD content increased under ambrosin stress. Under freeze-thaw stress, MDA content, soluble protein and soluble sugar content, CAT content increased first and then decreased, and SOD content decreased. In the freeze-thaw cycle, low temperatures adversely affect ryegrass seedlings. The reaction of SOD and MDA during cooling process is evident. The net photosynthetic rate of freeze-thawed and ryegrass seedlings is significantly affected by stress, which is manifested by the reduction of net photosynthetic rate forced by a single stress, and the reduction of compound stress is greater than that of a single stress.
This study provides a new understanding of the physiological response of rye to Cd and Ambrosin stress under freeze-thawing conditions, and provided clues for the management and evaluation of combined stress.
Numerical full-wave EMC investigation of a radio-frequency generator
Authors: Rover Yannik , Thueringer Rainer , Volkmar Chris 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An essential component of “NewSpace” missions are electric thrusters, thus each component of the assembly must be safe and reliable. Without electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements, reliable operation cannot be guaranteed. The following work deals with the electromagnetic characteristics of a radio-frequency (RF) generator (RFG), which is operated with a radio-frequency ion thruster (RIT). A 3D full-wave electromagnetic simulation is created to identify the EMC properties of the RFG and to perform EMC optimizations during developments. Measurements validate the simulation. Through the combination of measurement and simulation further EMC quantities, like cabling radiation, are calculated, which show the importance of optimization measures to ensure EMC compatibility.
HMI Ring Diagram Analysis: Effects of tracking, noise and resolution
Authors: Basu Sarbani , Bogart Richard 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Ring diagram analysis is a standard local helioseismic technique. Data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) are routinely used for Ring-diagram analysis, and fits to the power spectra as well as inversion results are standard data products. In this paper we examine the effects of different tracking rates, noise, and resolution on ring-diagram results. Most of the analysis is for 15 • tiles, but we also examine the effects of different tile sizes. The largest effect we find is that of resolution. Doppler noise has very little effect on the results, except perhaps at the deepest regions for which the tiles can give reliable results; variations in the tracking rate have a similar effect.
Effect of medium with moderate body temperature on patient's body temperature during peld operation
Authors: Yuan Feng , Sun Maji , Chu Fuchao , Zhang Lidong , Zhao Rui , Liu Xiaona , Yu Huilin , Pan Bin , Wu Jibin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To explore the influence of irrigating fluid at different temperatures on patients' body temperature and local inflammatory mediators during spinal endoscopy. Methods 110 cases of intervertebral foramen surgery in our hospital from January 2019 to October 2021 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Operations of both groups were performed by the same experienced chief physician. The observation group was irrigated with 37℃ constant temperature saline, while the control group was irrigated at room temperature. The effect was evaluated by monitoring the intraoperative temperature, postoperative VAS score and the levels of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 in drainage fluid. Results After 30 minutes of operation, overall temperature of the control group dropped significantly, and 50 cases (90.9%) had hypothermia, P < 0.05. There was no significant difference in preoperative VAS score between the two groups P > 0.05. The VAS score of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group at 6 hours and 1 month after operation, P < 0.05. At 0, 3 and 6 hours after operation, the values of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Isothermal flushing solution can reduce the incidence of hypothermia and effectively alleviate local inflammatory reaction.
Strong peak immunogenicity but rapid antibody waning following third vaccine dose in elderly residents of care homes
Authors: Tut Gokhan , Lancaster Tara , Krutikov Maria , Sylla Panagiota , Bone David , Spalkova Eliska , Bentley Christopher , Amin Umayr , Jadir Azar , Hulme Samuel , Kaur Nayandeep , Tut Elif , Bruton Rachel , Wu Mary , Harvey Ruth , Carr Edward , Beale Rupert , Stirrup Oliver , Shrotri Madhumita , Azmi Borscha , Fuller Chris , Baynton Verity , Irwin-Singer Aidan , Hayward Andrew , Copas Andrew , Shallcross Laura , Moss Paul 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Third dose COVID-19 vaccines are being deployed widely but their efficacy has not been assessed adequately in vulnerable elderly people who exhibit suboptimal responses after primary series vaccination. We studied spike-specific immune responses in 341 staff and residents in long-term care facilities (LTCF) who received an mRNA vaccine following dual primary series vaccination with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1. Third dose vaccination strongly increased antibody responses with preferential enhancement in older people and was required to elicit neutralisation of Omicron. Cellular immune responses were also enhanced with strong cross-reactive recognition of Omicron. However, antibody titres fell 21-78% within 100 days post vaccine and 27% of participants developed a breakthrough Omicron infection. These findings reveal strong immunogenicity of a 3rd vaccine in one of the most vulnerable population groups and endorse an approach for widespread delivery across this population. Ongoing assessment will be required to determine the stability of immune protection.
Hematogenous epiphyseal osteomyelitis in children: three case reports
Authors: Zhang Jiangchao , Wang Ningqing , Lv Haixiang , Liu Zhenjiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe epiphysis is a rather uncommon location of hematogenous osteomyelitis involvement. Because the transphyseal arteries vanish about 15-18 months of age, epiphyseal osteomyelitis was previously assumed to occur mainly in newborns under one year of age.Methods and Results In this case report, we present three cases of epiphyseal osteomyelitis who are older than 18 months. Most doctors believe that epiphyseal osteomyelitis caused by bacteria often has a good prognosis and cures without long-term complications. In our study, one patient underwent timely aggressive surgical treatment combined with antibiotic therapy in the early course of the disease. Seven months after surgery, his laboratory examinations were normal with no evidence of recurrence. But he had limited flexion and extension of the knee, and the range of motion was 20°- 100°. This complication was not reported in any of the previous studies. ConclusionsThe diagnosis of epiphyseal osteomyelitis is often delayed because of silent symptoms, mild radiological changes, and atypical location. Physicians should be aware of the clinical and radiographic features of this disease so that it can be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible to prevent further development and complications.
Luteolin ameliorated CHC-induced autophagy dysfunction in macrophages through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Zou Tao , Li Shiqin , Li Junxin , Yang Liqiong , Gao Shan , Yao Lan , Xu Mengyao , Wu Zhigui , Huang Yilan , Wang Shurong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Macrophages play a crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS), and cholesterol crystals (CHC) abundantly present in AS can affect the function of macrophages. Studies have found that the flavonoid luteolin (Lut) in nature has multiple functions such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory.
Objective
This experiment intends to explore whether Lut can reverse the autophagy dysfunction of macrophages induced by CHC and whether it can reduce the apoptosis of macrophages caused by CHC, and study its mechanism.
Methods
The RAW264.7 macrophages were modeled with CHC, and the optimal concentration of Lut was used to act on the inflammatory modeled macrophages. The changes in autophagy protein, apoptosis protein, and apoptosis were observed to confirm whether Lut is effective in the inflammation model. Effects of Lut combined with 3-MA autophagy inhibitor on autophagy and apoptosis of macrophages. Finally, the effect of Lut on the autophagy pathway AMPK and mTOR in inflammation modeling with CHC was studied.
Results
The expression of LC3-II/LC3-I decreased, p62 increased, and the apoptosis rate increased and the expression of Bax protein, cleaved caspase-3/procaspase-3 increased, tumor necrosis factor TNF- α expression increased. After Lut intervenes in macrophages after CHC action, the above effects are opposite. After CHC acted on macrophages, the phosphorylation of AMPK was significantly inhibited, while the phosphorylation of mTOR was significantly enhanced. After Lut intervention, the above results were the opposite.
Conclusion
CHC can inhibit the autophagy function of RAW264.7 macrophages and cause macrophage apoptosis. Lut can improve the autophagy dysfunction of macrophages caused by CHC and reduce the apoptosis caused by the inhibition of macrophage autophagy. Lut can regulate the apoptosis of macrophages caused by CHC through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.