bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core‐Shell ZIF‐67@CeO2 Nanosphere as Efficient Acid‐Base Catalyst for the Cycloaddition of CO2 and Epoxides
Authors: Hu Lihua , Mo Xiaohong , Chen Li , Wu Yuehang , Liu Feng , Yin Kangling , Fan Taotao , Yan Zongcheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractControllable deposition of nanosphere with zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) is an efficient method to achieve unique properties and create new types of multifunctional ZIF core–shell materials with enhanced properties. Core‐shell ZIF‐67@CeO2 nanosphere was designed with ZIF‐67 nanoparticles as seed for the deposition of CeO2 nanocrystals. The as‐prepared ZIF‐67@CeO2 nanosphere can catalyze CO2 cycloaddition reaction with significant activity. The synergistic acid‐base catalytic sites of ZIF‐67@CeO2 nanosphere were investigated through TPD analysis. These sites can effectively coordinate and activate the substrate molecules, thereby enhancing catalytic efficiency for CO2 cycloaddition reaction. The ZIF‐67@CeO2 nanosphere showed almost 100.00 % conversion of styrene oxide and 100.00 % selectivity of desired cyclic carbonate (120 °C, 7.5 bar, and 8 h). In addition, ZIF‐67@CeO2 showed a negligible decrease in the catalytic activity even after being reused for four cycles.
Donor–Acceptor Hybrid Heterostructures: An Emerging Class of Photoactive Materials with Inorganic and Organic Semiconductive Components
Authors: Di Yi‐Ming , Liu Jing‐Yan , Li Meng‐Hua , Zhang Shu‐Quan , You Ming‐Hua , Lin Mei‐Jin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractJust as the heterojunctions in physics, donor–acceptor (D‐A) heterostructures are an emerging class of photoactive materials fabricated from two semiconductive components at the molecular level. Among them, D‐A hybrid heterostructures from organic and inorganic semiconductive components have attracted extensive attention in the past decades due to their combined advantages of high stability for the inorganic semiconductors and modifiability for the organic semiconductors, which are particularly beneficial to efficiently achieve photoinduced charge separation and transfer upon irradiations. In this review, by analogy with the heterojunctions in physics, a definition of the D‐A heterostructures and their general design and synthetic strategies are given. Meanwhile, the D‐A hybrid heterostructures are focused on and their recent advances in potential applications of photochromism, photomodulated luminescence, and photocatalysis summarized.
Mind the gaps! Climate scientists should heed lessons in collaborative storytelling from William Shakespeare
Authors: Shenk Linda , Gutowski William J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo co‐produce locally relevant climate knowledge, climate scientists are engaging in new collaborations—with stakeholders and with scholars in the humanities, arts, and social sciences. In our work as a Shakespeare scholar‐turned‐public‐humanist and a climate scientist, we have created a methodology that allows researchers and communities to co‐produce knowledge by co‐producing narratives. We combine principles from emerging climate “storylines” research with collaborative storytelling inspired by William Shakespeare's plays and theatrical practices. Shakespeare's plays spark collaborations and interpretations, in part, because of how Shakespeare leaves gaps in the narrative. These gaps allow others to enter as collaborators, creating a “cognitive ecology” that fosters knowledge and action among all engaged. Integrating these methods into climate storyline‐making offers a radical paradigm: it upends the scientist's role as the focal storyteller and expert, and fosters, instead, partnership, equity, and a co‐exploration of multiple uncertainties. It is time for researchers to cede control to a cognitive ecology of collaborative action.This article is categorized under:Trans‐Disciplinary Perspectives > Humanities and the Creative Arts
The interrelationship among health workforce, quality of care, and health outcomes in Turkey
Authors: Cinaroglu Songul 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBetter health outcomes can be achieved in the pursuit of strong human resources and high‐quality healthcare services. Turkey is a specific case with a scarcity of healthcare workers under its healthcare reform movements. This study seeks to understand the interrelationship among human resources, quality of care services, and health outcomes in Turkey. Data for testing the model were gathered from the Turkish Statistical Institute for the 81 provinces of Turkey. Path analysis was used to model the associations among human resources, quality of care services, and health outcomes. To test the goodness of the model, multiple criteria of model fit indices were utilized. The fit of the redefined path analytic model data was good (normed fit index was 0.96, comparative fit index was 0.96, and goodness of fit index was 0.93). The study findings highlight the strong interrelationship among human resources, quality of care services, and health outcomes. These results clarify a strong interlinkage among the number of nurses/midwives, the number of hospital admissions, and mortality rates. Optimal staffing policies by considering the quality of care services will provide benefits for policymakers in achieving high‐quality health outcomes and better preparation for health crises, and will ensure a stronger healthcare system.
Effects of prescribed fire on prenesting movements of wild turkeys in Arkansas
Authors: Pittman H. Tyler , Krementz David G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe restoration of historic disturbance regimes is an increasingly common management strategy to conserve disturbance‐dependent communities and species, and enhance resilience of ecosystems to climate change or plant and animal invasions. However, the reintroduction of frequent and wide‐scale disturbance may have unexpected consequences on species that are accustomed to an environment absent of frequent disturbance. Implementation of frequent prescribed fire for community restoration has coincided with population declines of eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) in the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas. We investigated whether there was evidence of linkage between wild turkey movement behavior and habitat use and the widespread use of prescribed fire that began in 2002 and continued through the end of our study in 2013. We fitted 67 female wild turkeys with satellite transmitters in 2012 and 2013 on the White Rock Ecosystem Restoration Area to estimate annual and seasonal home ranges and examine pre‐nesting habitat use at multiple spatial scales. Home range was larger for adults in 2013 (4,750 ha, SE = 946.2,n = 12) than in 2012 (2,703 ha, SE = 283.4,n = 19). Mean pre‐nesting ranges for adults were 1,633 ha (SE = 238.9,n = 23) in 2012 and 1,118 ha (SE = 158.8,n = 18) in 2013, smaller than those of sub‐adults, 1,761 ha (SE = 581.2,n = 3) in 2012 and 5,576 ha (SE = 2260,n = 8) in 2013. Habitat selection analyses for the pre‐nesting period indicated that wild turkeys used locations with more variability in canopy cover and vegetation height and in smaller patch sizes than expected based on availability. However, female wild turkeys selected nesting cover that had more variability in canopy cover and vegetation height but in larger patches. Differences in sub‐adults and adult home and seasonal ranges suggest that other factors such as density dependence or social hierarchy could be driving movements as opposed to prescribed fire application. Wild turkey females selected variable vegetation structure during the pre‐nesting and nesting periods with characteristics that could be a result of frequent prescribed fire or forest succession. However, we documented no direct evidence these characteristics or other aspects of the prescribed fire program were causing wild turkey population declines.
Nanotubes and fullerene‐like nanoparticles from layered transition metal dichalcogenides: Why do they form and what is their significance?
Authors: Sreedhara M. B. , Sinha S. S. , Zak A. , Yadgarov L. , Tenne R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne‐dimensional (1D) analogues of two‐dimensional (2D) layered materials, especially nanotubes exhibit unique properties, which are distinct from the 2D flakes. The nanotubes and fullerene‐like nanoparticles from layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are one of the prime foci of this field in the last 30 years. In this concise review, we present the advancement made in the TMDs nanotubes and fullerene‐like nanoparticles over the last few years. The synthesis and structure of TMDs nanotubes such as WS2/MoS2 are briefly described. The mechanical properties of single WS2 nanotubes were examined by in‐situ electron microscopy techniques and are briefly discussed. Their reinforcement effects in polymer composites are also presented, as well as their superior tribological behavior. The unique optoelectronic properties of WS2 (MoS2) nanotubes are presented. Thus, the bulk photovoltaic effect and superconductivity exhibited by WS2 nanotubes, which are a manifestation of their 1D structure and low symmetry, are revisited briefly. The strong light‐matter interaction of nanotubes resulting in polariton quasiparticles and their evolution as a function of nanotube diameter are explained. Last but not least, a new family of misfit layered nanotubes and their exceptional physical properties are briefly touched upon.
The chemical interaction charged particles with target material under surface treatment of metal with particle beam
Authors: Parfenova Elena S. , Knyazeva Anna G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe paper presents a nonlinear coupled nonisothermal model of the process of material implementation into the target surface under conditions of surface treatment by a particle beam in the form of one or few consecutive pulses. The model takes into account the interaction of impurity diffusion, heat propagation, and mechanical disturbances, as well as the chemical reaction between the introduced impurity and the target material. The problem is solved numerically using an implicit symmetric difference scheme of the second‐order approximation in time and spatial coordinates. The results of solution are obtained for different time intervals. It was found that the interaction of different processes leads to the appearance of distortions in the front of waves. The distributions of temperature and impurity concentration have a wave character. The increment of the reaction product in the dynamics for different numbers of pulses is presented. The interaction mechanisms of the studied processes do not change and do not depend on the number of pulses. However, a more complicated picture is observed under treatment by several successive pulses due to the appearance of new extremes and distortions.
Anti-oppressive Practice in Social Work with Women Wearing Hijab
Authors: Afrouz Rojan , Crisp Beth R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReligious beliefs are central to the identity of many people, often signalled by their physical appearance, for example, clothing, hair or jewellery. If prevented from such a form of self-expression, some take action against what they consider a contravention of their human rights. The predominance of this discourse can obscure the possibility that there are others who are forced to signal a religious viewpoint which they may not subscribe to. This chapter explores the wearing of hijab by Afghan women who have lived in Australia less than 10 years. While some choose to wear hijab, there were others who spoke of being forced to wear hijab as a form of domestic violence. Furthermore, whereas for some, not wearing hijab represents a freedom to dress in accordance with their understandings of Australia as a secular society, a few felt that wearing clothes which marked them as Islamic increased the likelihood of attracting xenophobia and discrimination. Hence, for many women, decisions around hijab represented compromise between the demands of their family, the Afghan community and the wider Australian society, rather than a free choice. Consequently, if social workers assume women’s religious beliefs and identity are congruent with their appearance they may inadvertently be contributing to women’s oppression. As such, this chapter explores notions of anti-oppressive practice when working with Muslim women living in non-Muslim majority countries, particularly in respect of dress codes which are associated with Islam.
Quo Vadis, Islamic Social Work? Empirical Findings and Theoretical Reflections Converging towards an Alternative Approach
Authors: Schmid Hansjörg , Sheikhzadegan Amir 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis final chapter attempts to associate, structure and summarise the principal insights of the contributions to “Exploring Islamic Social Work. Between Community and the Common Good”. Despite differences in their topics and the contexts they treat, the methods applied and angles adopted, all the chapters have a common focus on Muslims as protagonists, both in the field of Islamic social work, and the Islamic thinking around it. The volume’s topic itself is embedded in a new social work scholarly debate, stimulated by the re-emergence of social work’s religious roots in the context of post-secular society. This chapter reviews Islamic social work as an empirical phenomenon, discusses various theological and ethical approaches, again takes up the debate on the common good and examines Islamic social work as alternative social work. Finally, the question of what exactly Islamic social work consists of and the challenges which arise in connection with the ‘Islamic’ attribution are addressed. In this way, both insights and open questions, as well as directions for further research on Islamic social work, are identified within the framework of different research discourses.
The Religious Community: A Space that Facilitates Successful Resettlement for Muslim Offenders
Authors: Irfan Lamia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe religious community can play an important role in providing tangible and intangible support for offenders to help them reintegrate into society after serving a prison sentence. Using data drawn from life story interviews with 17 Muslim male offenders in England and Wales, this chapter outlines the different ways in which the religious community plays a crucial role in the reintegration journey after release from prison. Tangible support provided by a religious community can include help with housing and employment, two key concerns for offenders upon release from prison. Furthermore, the religious community provides important intangible support, which is crucial for reintegration after the degradation and stigma associated with imprisonment. This intangible support includes strong social bonds within the community which are based on reciprocal relationships. Acceptance by spiritual and community leaders can act as a redemption ritual which allows offenders to break from their negative past and develop a new positive identity. The community can also support the move away from crime by providing a moral environment which engenders a respect for the law. Along with this, civic engagement and contributing positively within a community fulfils important generative impulses which are part of identity development. Tangible, as well as intangible, support plays an important role in helping offenders manage the delicate transition back into society, which is usually fraught with challenges, as well as possibilities.
Indigenous Peoples, Data, and the Coloniality of Surveillance
Authors: Cormack Donna , Kukutai Tahu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn Aotearoa New Zealand (Aotearoa NZ), Māori (the Indigenous peoples of New Zealand) have long been objects of surveillance by state institutions and agents. State representations have centred on constructions of difference and deviance, on understandings of Indigenous peoples as dangerous, and on the management of Indigenous resistance to colonialism. This chapter considers how contemporary state surveillance practices in Aotearoa NZ, enabled by the expanded use of big data and linked government datasets, function to regulate and manage Māori. Through this lens, we explore continuities of current data practices for Indigenous peoples with the racialised logics and social orders set in place as part of global systems of imperialism and colonialism. Recognising that resistance has always been a part of Indigenous responses to colonialism, we also explore how Māori Data Sovereignty (MDSov), as part of broader Indigenous Data Sovereignty (IDS) movements globally, provides opportunities to counter and disrupt prevailing data relations and to imagine alternative futures.
Linkages Between Citizen Participation, Digital Technology, and Urban Development
Authors: Hovik Sissel , Giannoumis G. Anthony 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis introductory chapter presents the bases for and approach to this volume’s investigation of e-participation in urban governance. We elaborate the linkages between the key concepts of the book—i.e., city and system characteristics, city’s adoption and implementation of digital tools, and citizen participation—and how e-participation can contribute to democratic governance. Furthermore, this chapter describes the research methodology and summarizes the arguments and findings presented in the succeeding chapters.
Controlled and Responsive Interactivity: What Politicians and Bureaucrats in Oslo Say About Their Social Media Use, and What This Might Mean for Democracy
Authors: Legard Sveinung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe development and global diffusion of social media lead to high expectations among scholars and practitioners that this could improve democracy, including in cities. Empirical research has, however, cast doubt on these expectations, and found that governments and policy makers rarely use social media to increase public participation. This chapter therefore investigates how local politicians, communication officers and other administrators in the urban development policy area in Oslo, describe their social media activities. One main finding of this study is that their use of social media is more interactive than is often described in political communication and e-government research. Another is that this interaction contains elements of not only controlled, but also responsive, interactivity. The main contribution of the chapter is the development of the concept of ‘responsive interactivity’. This is defined as being an activity in which politicians and bureaucrats acquire information about citizens opinions and grievances through social media, respond to and explain their stance and their actions to the users, and adapt policies, programmes, projects, or services to the citizens’ input. This contributes to a more nuanced image of governments’ use of social media that emphasizes the interactive aspects, without subscribing to the idea that this alone will democratize politics and government.
From quantum groups to Liouville and dilaton quantum gravity
Authors: Fan Yale , Mertens Thomas G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We investigate the underlying quantum group symmetry of 2d Liouville and dilaton gravity models, both consolidating known results and extending them to the cases with $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 supersymmetry. We first calculate the mixed parabolic representation matrix element (or Whittaker function) of Uq($$ \mathfrak{sl} $$
sl
(2, ℝ)) and review its applications to Liouville gravity. We then derive the corresponding matrix element for Uq($$ \mathfrak{osp} $$
osp
(1|2, ℝ)) and apply it to explain structural features of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 Liouville supergravity. We show that this matrix element has the following properties: (1) its q → 1 limit is the classical OSp+(1|2, ℝ) Whittaker function, (2) it yields the Plancherel measure as the density of black hole states in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 Liouville supergravity, and (3) it leads to 3j-symbols that match with the coupling of boundary vertex operators to the gravitational states as appropriate for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 Liouville supergravity. This object should likewise be of interest in the context of integrability of supersymmetric relativistic Toda chains. We furthermore relate Liouville (super)gravity to dilaton (super)gravity with a hyperbolic sine (pre)potential. We do so by showing that the quantization of the target space Poisson structure in the (graded) Poisson sigma model description leads directly to the quantum group Uq($$ \mathfrak{sl} $$
sl
(2, ℝ)) or the quantum supergroup Uq($$ \mathfrak{osp} $$
osp
(1|2, ℝ)).
Regulation of choroid plexus development and its functions
Authors: Kompaníková Petra , Bryja Vítězslav 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe choroid plexus (ChP) is an extensively vascularized tissue that protrudes into the brain ventricular system of all vertebrates. This highly specialized structure, consisting of the polarized epithelial sheet and underlying stroma, serves a spectrum of functions within the central nervous system (CNS), most notably the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The epithelial cells of the ChP have the competence to tightly modulate the biomolecule composition of CSF, which acts as a milieu functionally connecting ChP with other brain structures. This review aims to eloquently summarize the current knowledge about the development of ChP. We describe the mechanisms that control its early specification from roof plate followed by the formation of proliferative regions—cortical hem and rhombic lips—feeding later development of ChP. Next, we summarized the current knowledge on the maturation of ChP and mechanisms that control its morphological and cellular diversity. Furthermore, we attempted to review the currently available battery of molecular markers and mouse strains available for the research of ChP, and identified some technological shortcomings that must be overcome to accelerate the ChP research field. Overall, the central principle of this review is to highlight ChP as an intriguing and surprisingly poorly known structure that is vital for the development and function of the whole CNS. We believe that our summary will increase the interest in further studies of ChP that aim to describe the molecular and cellular principles guiding the development and function of this tissue.