bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Transvenous Balloon Mitral Commissurotomy
Authors: Ahmed Ashraf , Mohammed Nazar , Rahhal Alaa , Alzaeem Hakam Abdallah , Maaly Cheikh Abdoul , Mousa Tariq , Al Asmi Shabib , Bitar Basel , Al-Kindi Fahad , Arafa Salaheddin Omran , Al-Qahtani Awad , Al-Hijji Mohammed 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Rheumatic heart disease and its impact on cardiac health is still a concern in developing countries. Percutaneous trans-mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) is the standard of care in managing severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS). This article reports a single-center, 10-year real-world experience in Qatar.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, we reviewed all the patients who underwent PTMC in Qatar between January 1, 2012, and January 1, 2022. Periprocedural data were collected at baseline, postprocedural, 1 year, and during the last follow-up. The primary outcome was procedural success (improvement in valve area by 50%, final valve area >1.5 cm2, and freedom from > moderate mitral regurgitation, stroke, or pericardial effusion). Safety endpoints were freedom from death, periprocedural cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest, stroke urgent mitral valve replacement (MVR), or pericardiocentesis. Long-term outcomes included the requirement of redo PTMC or MVR, in addition to rehospitalization due to arrhythmias, heart failure, or stroke.

Results:
Sixty-five patients were included in the review (age 42 ± 10, female 38 [58.5%]). Sixty-two patients (95.4%) had a successful procedure. One patient developed a hemorrhagic pericardial tamponade and cardiogenic shock, for which he underwent pericardiocentesis and emergency aortic root repair. One patient developed acute stroke 8 h after the procedure, and one patient had tamponade resolved with emergency pericardiocentesis. Two patients required MVR after 1 and 4 years, respectively.

Conclusion:
PTMC is the mainstay of rheumatic MS management in patients with suitable anatomy as most patients have excellent outcomes with long-term freedom from surgery, which has been the case in our single-center experience.
Use of Reference Management Software Among Allopathy, Ayurveda, and Homeopathy Practices
Authors: Barman Ellora , Barman Bhupen , Nune Arvind , Nongpiur Arvind 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Reference management software (RMS) enable researchers to organize and manage large number of references that are typically identified during the publication of research articles.

Aims and Objectives:
The purpose of our study was to determine the extent to which faculties from allopathy, homeopathy, and Ayurveda use RMS for their academic pursuits and to identify which methods are used most frequently.

Methods:
The survey was circulated among the faculties of three different disciplines of the health-care system to collect respondent demographic details and questionnaire responses. Data distribution and variable type were used to perform descriptive analysis.

Results:
The data from 114/150 respondents were analyzed. Of the 114 faculties who responded to our survey, 72 (63%) reported using RMS to publish their articles. Knowledge of how to use RMS software is common in allopathic faculties (40%), followed by homeopathy (14%) and Ayurveda (9%). Zotero (41%) is the most popular RMS software among users, followed by Mendeley (31%) and Endnote (12%).

Conclusion:
Despite being underreported, RMS software is frequently used for the needs of authors from various disciplines in the health-care system.
A Study of Clinical and Etiological Profile in Elderly Individuals Presenting to a Tertiary Care Center of South India with Altered Mental Status
Authors: Kulkarni Naveen , Najfi Nahil , Bullappa Asha 
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives:
Altered mental status (AMS) is a challenging diagnosis in elderly patients and has a wide range of etiologies. The aim of this study was to know the clinical and etiological profile in the elderly, so that physicians will be better aware of AMS backgrounds and reducing morbidity and mortality rates among the patients.

Materials and Methods:
This was a prospective observational study conducted at the emergency department (ED) and medical intensive care unit (MICU) of a tertiary care hospital in South India from November 1, 2019, to October 31, 2020. Patients aged 65 years and older who presented to the ED and MICU with AMS were included in this study. They were evaluated clinically and necessary investigations were done to know the etiologies.

Results:
Among 100 elderly patients, 64% belonged to young old (age group of 65–74 years), 30% belonged to old (age group of 75–84 years), and 6% belonged to oldest old (>85 years). Sixty-one percent were male and 39% were female. The most common cause for AMS in elderly was primary neurological cause (40%, cerebrovascular accident was most common cause). The other causes were metabolic encephalopathy (29%, hyponatremia being most common) followed by multifactorial causes (24%). Infections and hypertensive encephalopathy were noted in 6% and 1% respectively. The common comorbidities found were hypertension (71%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (50%), and 28% had diabetes mellitus and hypertension, whereas 25% had multiple comorbidities.

Conclusion:
The elderly patients who present with AMS must be screened for the above etiologies. This study helps the physicians to have an idea regarding common causes of AMS in elderly patients at presentation, hence appropriate management approach thus helps in reducing morbidity and mortality.
Adaptation Needs and Concerns of Senior Citizens Living in Old Age Homes
Authors: Mathai Aleena , Antony Sojan , Sivakumar P. T. 
Published: October 2022

Context:
Adaptation needs of senior citizens are not well explored in research, especially among people living in old age homes situated in developing countries like India.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to understand the needs and concerns of senior citizens living in old age homes and its effect on their adaptation.

Subjects and Methods:
Using the purposive sampling method, fifteen residents of an old age home and their three caregivers were interviewed to describe their views and experiences. The tools used were the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and an in-depth interview schedule.

Statistical Analysis:
Qualitative data were analyzed using Atlas ti. 7 for identifying major themes and subthemes.

Results:
The results showed that the major needs and concerns of senior citizens were unmet medical needs, difficulty to handle negative attitudes of staff, difficulty to adapt with new environment and culture, and emotional issues.

Conclusion:
Findings indicate the importance of addressing the adaptation needs of the elderly living in old age homes.
Neutralizing Antibody Response to COVID Vaccination among the Young and the Elderly
Authors: Kathiravan S. , Ananthi B. , Deepa S. , Krishnaswamy B. 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess the levels of neutralizing antibody after COVID vaccination in the elderly and compare it with that of the younger persons. The study also aimed at determining the association between the age, sex, and comorbidities and levels of neutralizing antibodies in the young and the old.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a single-center, cross-sectional, analytical study, conducted in the General Medicine Unit of ACS Medical College, Chennai, from August 2021 to October 2021. Forty-five elderly persons aged 60 years and above and 103 young adults aged 18 years and above and <60 years who were vaccinated with either COVISHIELD or COVAXIN were randomly selected to participate in this study. A detailed history regarding vaccination status, vaccination type, comorbidities, and breakthrough infection was obtained. Blood samples were collected from the participants to analyze the levels of neutralizing antibodies developed after COVID vaccination.

Results:
The mean age of the older participants was 66.13 ± 5.3 years and the mean age of the younger participants was 36.48 ± 10.9 years. The median level of neutralizing antibody in the younger participants was 97.4% (interquartile range [IQR]: 96.4%–98.0%) and in the older participants was 97.1% (IQR: 93.1%–97.6%). There was a significant difference in the neutralizing antibody level between the younger and the older participants (P = 0.033). There was no significant difference in the neutralizing antibody levels after two doses of either of the two vaccines among both the groups of participants. There was no significant association between the neutralizing antibody titer and sex and comorbidities in both the groups of participants. Five young and two old participants had breakthrough infections after vaccination. The antibody level was higher in persons with breakthrough infection than in those with no breakthrough infection in both the study groups.

Conclusion:
There was a significant difference in the neutralizing antibody level between the younger and the older participants after COVID vaccination. No significant difference existed in neutralizing antibody response with respect to the type of vaccine in both the study groups. There was no significant association between sex, comorbid status, and neutralizing antibody levels in both the groups.
White Matter Hyperintensities on Magnetic Resonance Imaging among Elderly Depressed Patients and its Association with the Severity of Depression and Cognition
Authors: Soni Ajitabh , Soni Ravi , Soni Priyanka 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Depression in the elderly can have a different pathophysiology and clinical profile, and studies have shown pathological changes in the brain on radio imaging. The present study aimed to find out the association of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the severity of illness and cognition in elderly depressed patients.

Methodology:
This cross-sectional study included 68 elderly (>60 years of age) depressed patients who had undergone MRI at a tertiary care center, and based on the severity of WMH, they were divided into two groups: no or slight WMH group and moderate or severe WMH group. The severity of depression was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) scale, and neuropsychological assessments were made for testing attention, concentration and executive function.

Results:
HAM-D scores were found significantly higher in patients with moderate-to-severe WMH groups (22.6 ± 5.2) compared to those with no or slight WMH (16.3 ± 4.2). The cognitive performance evaluated by backward digit span test, Trail making Test A and B, and Color Stroop test was significantly poor in the moderate-to-severe WMH group.

Conclusion:
Elderly depressed patients having a greater WMH had more severe depression and poor cognitive performance, especially psychomotor and executive functioning. WMH could be a potential marker for the severity of illness and cognition in depression in elderly persons.
Effect of Gender on the Quality of Life among Elderly Population
Authors: Rexwal Yashvi , Chawla Gurjeet Kaur 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
The twenty-first century has shown a boost in the geriatric population. Looking at the trends, this group of population is expected to outnumber the other population groups, therefore has become one of the focus points for researchers these days. As the age of an individual increase, due to slowed metabolism and other biological reasons, the physical activity levels and body functioning tends to get affected, thereby also affecting their motor skills. This age group is also an age group which tends to face changes in psychological conditions. The kind of environment which they live in and their social status are also one of contributing factors to such changes in their lives and also how their perception of life and quality of life (QOL). Maintaining a good QOL has therefore become an important issue in the geriatric population so that they can lead a better life until senescence. QOL according to the World Health Organization depends on different factors and has been measured through four domains. The four domains include the physical state, psychological domain, social domain, and environmental domain.

Aim:
This article aims at studying the effect of the gender of an individual on the QOL, and what steps can be taken to improve the perception of life among the population by improvements in the QOL by assessing all the four domains of a group of 100 individuals, both male and female of 60 years and above through online survey.

Materials and Methods:
A standardized questionnaire developed by the WHO was adopted to measure the scores obtained by both males and females in the different domains. Data obtained through this survey were tested and validated, and a comparison between the QOL scores of males and females was done using appropriate statistical tests.

Results:
Results showed no significant difference in the scores of males and females.

Conclusion:
It was concluded that the gender of an individual does not influence the QOL.
Antrochoanal Polyp Among Elderly Age Group
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Dubey Debasmita , Lenka Smarita 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) are benign polypoidal mass originating from the maxillary sinus and they extend into the choana. The etiopathogenesis of ACP is not clear. These are found more commonly in children and young adults. ACP is almost always unilateral and common symptoms include nasal obstruction and nasal discharge. These lesions are extremely rare in the older adult age group.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study of 14 cases of ACPs managed between June 2017 and July 2022. Detailed clinical presentations, investigations, and treatment with surgical interventions for ACPs were studied.

Results:
Out of 14 cases of older adult patients with ACPs, there are 8 (57.14%) cases with a polyp on the left side and 6 (42.85%) cases on the right side of the nasal cavity. The most common symptom was constant and unilateral nasal obstruction in 12 (85.71%) patients, followed by purulent nasal discharge in 7 (50%) cases, clear rhinorrhea in 5 (35.71%) cases, facial pain in 4 (28.57%) cases, snoring in 3 (21.42%) cases, sneezing in 3 (21.42%) cases, and halitosis in 2 (14.28%) cases.

Conclusion:
ACPs are uncommon in the older adult age group. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computed tomography scans are important tools for the diagnosis of ACP. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery and power instrumentation are helpful for the complete removal of ACPs and are considered extremely safe procedures. Clinicians and otolaryngologists are often not aware of the prevalence of ACPs among the older adult age group.
An Observational Comparative Study of Weekly and 3 Weekly Concurrent Cisplatin-Based Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Head-and-Neck Cancer in a Peripheral Medical College
Authors: Biswas Ritika , Bandyopadhyay Rajat , Saren Sanghamitra , Banerjee Suparna 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Concurrent chemo-radiation with 100m/m² three weekly cisplatin is the standard of care in inoperable locally advanced head and neck cancer (LAHNC) but is associated with significant toxicities. The objective of the study was to assess the tumour response and toxicities in the three weekly and lower dose weekly cisplatin based chemo radiation regimens.

Methodology:
The prospective study was conducted in a peripheral medical college from May 2020 to July 2021. One hundred and twelve patients were recruited, 56 in each arm. The three weekly arms received 100mg/m2 cisplatin whereas the weekly arm received weekly 40mg/m2 cisplatin both concurrently with radiation dose of 70 Gray in 35 fractions over seven weeks. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare means of three or more samples for numerical data. Unpaired proportions were compared by Chi-square test or Fischer’s exact test.

Results:
One hundred patients completed the study and were evaluable, 42 in the three weekly arm and 48 in the weekly arm. Disease response at 12 months in the two arms was not statistically significant. The toxicities were lower in weekly arm as compared to three weekly arms but were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The study confirms that weekly concurrent cisplatin is an acceptable alternative treatment to three weekly regimens in inoperable LAHNC. The lower dose weekly concurrent cisplatin regime is better tolerated in our patients with increased treatment compliance.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Smokeless Tobacco Use among Indian Women
Authors: Ghate Neeta , Kumar Pradeep , Dhillon Preeti 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
The predominant form of tobacco consumption among women from many Asian countries, including India, is smokeless tobacco (SLT). The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and socioeconomic determinants of SLT use among Indian women.

Methodology:
The study used data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2, India, conducted during 2016-2017, with a sample size of 40,265 women aged 15 years and above. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were applied with the current use of SLT as the dependent variable to find the sociodemographic factors associated with it.

Results:
Overall, 12.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]; 12.4–13.1) of all women and 7.4% (CI: 6.0–8.8) of pregnant women reported SLT use. Its use was higher among women >50 years (23.1%, CI: 22.2–23.8), and those from northeast India (34.9%, CI: 33.8–36.0). Adjusted odds of using SLT were higher among older women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 5.8, CI: 4.5–7.3), women from rural areas (AOR: 1.5, CI: 1.4–1.7), and women belonging to scheduled tribe (AOR: 2.4, CI: 2.2–2.7) as compared to their counterparts. In addition, poor (AOR: 2.6; 95% CI, 2.4–2.8) and middle class (AOR: 1.8; 95% CI, 1.7–2.0) women were more likely to use SLT compared to their rich counterparts. The use of SLT within 30 min of waking up in the morning was seen in 57.2 percent of women users. SLT prevalence was highest among Mizo-speaking women (46.1%, CI: 42.6-49.6), followed by Manipuri (38.9%, CI: 35.5-42.2), Odiya (34.4%), and Khasi (34%, CI: 29.8-38.2).

Conclusions:
There is an imperative need for women-centric schemes on SLT cessation, with special attention to older women, pregnant women, from rural areas, poor households, and the north-eastern region of India.
Antecedents of Self-Protective Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh
Authors: Khanam Liza , Sorwar Golam , Mahfuz Mohammad Abdullah 
Published: October 2022

Context:
Self-protective behavior (SPB) plays a significant role in controlling the spread of infection of a pandemic like coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Little research has been conducted to examine critical factors influencing SPB, especially in a developing country like Bangladesh.

Aims:
This study aimed to develop and test a theoretical model based on the extended information–motivation–behavior (IMB) skills model to investigate factors associated with SPB among Bangladeshi people.

Methods:
An online, cross-sectional survey was conducted on Bangladesh citizens (18 years and older) from June 1 and July 31, 2020. A total of 459 responses were used to assess the proposed model's overall fit and test the hypothesized relationships among the model constructs.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling to identify relationships among model variables.

Results:
Health information-seeking behavior, health motivation, self-efficacy, and health consciousness (HC) (P < 0.05) had a significant impact on SPB among Bangladeshi people. The results identified the consequences of various degrees of HC on SPB in the COVID-19 outbreak.

Conclusions:
This study confirms the IMB model's applicability for analyzing SPB among people in developing countries like Bangladesh. The findings of this study could guide policymakers to develop and implement targeted strategies to ensure timely and transparent information for motivating people to improve SPB during the COVID-19 and in case of a future outbreak of an epidemic.
Improving Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Complementary Feeding Using Practical Intervention Training for Parents Living in Central Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Tengkawan Jeslyn , Septisari Ayu Anandhika , Ihyauddin Zulfikar , Karuniawaty Titi Pambudi , Nurbaiti Lina , Dewi Nurhandini Eka , Sekartini Rini 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Stunting remains a major public health concern in Indonesia despite many interventions. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of interventions in the form of education and demonstration on preparing complementary feeding (CF) to increase knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of CF among parents living in villages with high stunting prevalence in Central Lombok, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods:
This is a quasi-experimental community-based study, conducted from June to August 2019. Three villages were divided into three groups, i.e., control group (CG), education alone (EA) group, and education-cum-demonstration (ED) group. We assessed KAP before and after intervention with a 4-week interval.

Results:
A total of 205 participants were enrolled in this study, consisting of 67, 70, and 68 participants in the CG, EA, and ED groups, respectively. In within-group analysis, parents' attitudes (P = 0.015) and practices (P = 0.014) improved in the ED group while only parents' practices (P = 0.034) improved in the EA group. In between-group analysis, parental attitude (P = 0.039) and practices (P = 0.008) improved in the ED group when compared to the CG. In the EA group, only parents' practices improved when compared to the CG (P = 0.006). There was no significant difference in KAP score in the EA and ED groups.

Conclusion:
A combined approach of education and demonstration works better to promote healthy CF practices among mothers.
Socioeconomic Difference in Physical Activity in Children and their Parents
Authors: Amini-Rarani Mostafa , Heshmat Ramin , Djalalinia Shirin , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Ziaodini Hasan , Atoofi Mehrdad Kazemzadeh , Shafiee Gita , Qorbani Mostafa , Asayesh Hamid , Taheri Majzoubeh , Raeisi Alireza , Kelishadi Roya 
Published: October 2022

Background:
As a health-related behavior, physical activity (PA) differs according to individual's socioeconomic status (SES). This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic difference in leisure-time PA among Iranian students and their parents at national and regional levels.

Study Design:
Nationwide cross-sectional study.

Methods:
This study was conducted as part of a national survey conducted in 2015 among 14400 Iranian students and their parents. Total PA level was measured as the average hours spent on PA per week. Nonlinear principal component analysis was used to construct the households' SES based on household's assets, type of house ownership, occupation of fathers and the educational levels of fathers and mothers. Concentration index was applied to measure the inequality in the PA level in parents and students.

Results:
Complete data of 13313 students and their parents were available. At the national level, students spent more hours of PA per week (3.753 h per week [h/w]) as compared to their parents. Moreover, PA h/w was higher in fathers (3.488 h/w) as compared to mothers (2.763 h/w). The lowest means of mother's and student's PA were found in the highest SES region. At national level, the concentration indices (CI) of father's and mother's PA were −0.050 (95% CI = −0.067 ~ −0.030) and −0.028 (95% CI = −0.044 ~ −0.012), respectively, indicating pro-poor inequality, but the CI value of student PA was non-significant (CI = −0.007, 95% CI = −0.023–0.008).

Conclusions:
Given that the mother's and student's PA level was low in the high SES regions, it is suggested that focused PA planning may further increase the level of PA across higher SES regions and might be effective in reducing the PA inequality.