bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome measures in the management of gluteal tendinopathy: a systematic review of their measurement properties
Authors: Nasser Anthony M , Fearon Angela M , Grimaldi Alison , Vicenzino Bill , Mellor Rebecca , Spencer Trevor , Semciw Adam Ivan 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveEvaluate properties of outcome measures for gluteal tendinopathy.DesignMultistage scoping/systematic review.Data sourcesCochrane, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro, CINAHL, SPORTDISCUS were searched (December 2021) to identify measures used to evaluate gluteal tendinopathy. Measures were mapped to the core health domains for tendinopathy. Medline, CINAHL, Embase and PubMed were searched (December 2021) for studies evaluating measurement properties of gluteal tendinopathy outcome measures captured in the initial search. Both reviews included studies that evaluated a treatment in participants with gluteal tendinopathy, diagnosed by a professional. Consensus-based-Standards for the Selection of Health Instruments methodology were followed—including bias assessment and synthesis of findings.ResultsSix studies reported on the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment—Gluteal Tendinopathy (VISA-G). One study reported on the Hip Outcome Score (HOS)—activities of daily living (ADL) and Sport.The VISA-G had moderate-quality evidence of sufficient construct validity (known group) and responsiveness (pre–post intervention), low-quality evidence of sufficient reliability, measurement error, comprehensibility and insufficient construct validity (convergent), and very low-quality evidence of sufficient comprehensiveness, relevance and responsiveness (comparison with other outcome measures).Both the HOS(ADL) and HOS(Sport) had very low-quality evidence of sufficient reliability, relevance and insufficient construct validity and comprehensiveness. The HOS(ADL) had very low-quality evidence of sufficient comprehensibility and insufficient measurement error. The HOS(Sport) had very low quality evidence of inconsistent comprehensibility and sufficient measurement error.ConclusionRigorously validated outcome measures for gluteal tendinopathy are lacking. The VISA-G is the preferred available option to capture the disability associated with gluteal tendinopathy.
Differences in career longevity before and after implementation of the Women’s Tennis Association Tour Age Eligibility Rule and Player Development Programmes: a 25-year study
Authors: Otis Carol L , Hainline Brian , Harwood Christopher , Jayanthi Neeru A , Jensen Rick , Keber Ashley , Kroshus Emily , Livengood Thomas , Stroia Kathleen , Quinn Ann , Vitkova Sarka , Kliethermes Stephanie A 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo assess differences in career longevity, as a potential marker of athlete well-being, before and after the 1995 implementation of the Women’s Tennis Association (WTA) Age Eligibility Rule (AER) and Player Development Programmes (PDP), which focused on organisational, physical and psychosocial education, skill building and support for adolescent athletes (≤17 years).MethodsCareer longevity data were collected through 2019 on adolescent players who began professional tournament play between 1970 and 2014 and reached a WTA singles ranking of 1–150 for a minimum of 1 week during their careers. Players were separated into pre-AER/PDP and post-AER/PDP groups, consisting of those who played their first professional events (FPE) before or after 1 January 1995. Measures of career longevity included career duration and premature retirement.ResultsEight-hundred and eleven players were included in this study (51% pre-AER/PDP). The median career duration was 14.2 years for the post-AER/PDP group compared with 12.1 years for the pre-AER/PDP group (p<0.001). Moreover, post-AER/PDP players had higher probabilities of 10-year and 15-year careers compared with pre-AER/PDP players. After adjusting for age at FPE, athletes in the pre-AER/PDP group had an increased risk of shorter career duration (HR 1.55; 95% CI 1.31 to 1.83) and increased odds of premature retirement (OR 5.39; 95% CI 2.28 to 12.75) than athletes in the post-AER/PDP group.ConclusionsAdolescent athletes participating on the WTA after the combined AER/PDP initiative had longer career durations, higher probabilities of 10-year and 15-year careers, and decreased risk of premature retirement compared with those participating prior to AER/PDP. Organisational practices that encompass both education and competition regulation can positively affect career longevity related to improving athlete well-being.
Greater proportion of patients report an acceptable symptom state after ACL reconstruction compared with non-surgical treatment: a 10-year follow-up from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry
Authors: Persson Kajsa , Bergerson Emma , Svantesson Eleonor , Horvath Alexandra , Karlsson Jon , Musahl Volker , Samuelsson Kristian , Hamrin Senorski Eric 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo compare the proportion of patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury reporting an acceptable symptom state, between non-surgical and surgical treatment during a 10-year follow-up.MethodsData were extracted from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry. Exceeding the Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) for the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was the primary outcome. The PASS and KOOS4(aggregated KOOS without the activities of daily living (ADL) subscale) were compared cross-sectionally at baseline and 1, 2, 5 and 10 years after ACL injury, where patients treated non-surgically were matched with the maximum number of patients with ACL reconstruction for age, sex and activity at injury.ResultsThe non-surgical group consisted of 982 patients, who were each matched against 9 patients treated with ACL reconstruction (n=8,838). A greater proportion of patients treated with ACL reconstruction exceeded the PASS in KOOS pain, ADL, sports and recreation, and quality of life compared with patients treated non-surgically at all follow-ups. With respect to quality of life, significantly more patients undergoing ACL reconstruction achieved a PASS compared with patients receiving non-surgical treatment at all follow-ups except at baseline, with differences ranging between 11% and 25%; 1 year −25.4 (−29.1; −21.7), 2 years −16.9 (−21.2; −12.5), 5 years −11.0 (−16.9; −5.1) and 10 years −24.8 (−36.0; −13.6). The ACL-reconstructed group also reported statistically greater KOOS4at all follow-ups.ConclusionA greater proportion of patients treated with ACL reconstruction report acceptable knee function, including higher quality of life than patients treated non-surgically at cross-sectional follow-ups up to 10 years after the treatment of an ACL injury.
Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated virus particle vaccine for SARS-CoV-2, BIV1-CovIran: findings from double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase I and II clinical trials among healthy adults
Authors: Mohraz Minoo , Salehi Mohammadreza , Tabarsi Payam , Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen , Ghamari Seyyed-Hadi , Ghasemi Erfan , Amini Pouya Maryam , Rezaei Negar , Ahmadi Naser , Heidari Kazem , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Nasiri Mojtaba , Amirzargar Ali Akbar , Saeedi Moghaddam Sahar , Larijani Bagher , Hosseini Hamed 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveAssessing safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated whole virus particle vaccine.DesignSingle-centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase I (stage I: 18–50, stage II: 51–75 years), phase II (18–75 years) clinical trials.Setting29 December 2020 to 22 April 2021.ParticipantsStage I-phase I: 56 participants; stage II-phase I: 32; phase II: 280.InterventionDuring stage I, participants randomly (3:3:1) received 3 µg, 5 µg vaccine or placebo in a 14-day interval. Participants in stage II received two shots of 5 µg vaccine or placebo (3:1). In phase II, participants received 5 µg vaccine or placebo (4:1) in a 28-day interval.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSafety assessment and immunogenicity assessment via antibody response and conventional virus neutralisation test (cVNT).ResultsAll adverse events (AEs) were mild or moderate and transient in both phase I and phase II, and no AEs of special interest were reported. The seroconversion-rate of neutralising, antireceptor binding-domain (RBD) and anti-spike-glycoprotein (anti-S) antibodies 14-days after second dose of 5 µg vaccine in stage I was 70.8% (95% CI 48.9% to 87.4%), 87.5% (95% CI 67.6% to 97.3%), 91.7% (95% CI 73.0% to 99.0%). The antibody titres increased more among 5 µg than 3 µg. The corresponding rates for 3 µg vaccine were 45.8% (95% CI 25.6% to 67.2%), 54.2% (95% CI 32.8% to 74.5%) and 70.8% (95% CI 48.9% to 87.4%), respectively. In stage II, 100% (95% CI 84.6% to 100%), 86.4% (95% CI 65.1% to 97.1%) and 86.4% (95% CI 65.1% to 97.1%) of participants seroconverted for neutralising, anti-RBD and anti-S antibodies. In phase II, the seroconversion rate of neutralising-antibody was 82.8% (95% CI 77.0% to 87.6%), anti-RBD 77.0% (95% CI 70.7% to 82.6%) and anti-S 79.9% (95% CI 73.8% to 85.1%) on day 42. In the cVNT, the sera at 1/64 times dilution would neutralise SARS-CoV-2 among 91.7%, 77.3% and 82.5% of vaccinated participants in phase I-stage I, phase I-stage II and phase II clinical trials, respectively.ConclusionsThese results support further evaluation of this inactivated whole virus particle vaccine.Trial registration numbersIRCT20201202049567N1 and IRCT20201202049567N2 for phase I and IRCT20201202049567N3 for phase II.
Adaptation of the PERCEPT myeloma prehabilitation trial to virtual delivery: changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: McCourt Orla , Fisher Abigail , Ramdharry Gita , Roberts Anna L , Land Joanne , Rabin Neil , Rowe Katie , Yong Kwee 
Published: April 2022

Introduction and objectiveResearch activity was impacted by the novel COVID-19 pandemic, the PERCEPT myeloma trial was no exception. This pilot randomised trial delivered a face-to-face exercise intervention prior to and during autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in myeloma patients, as a consequence of COVID-19 it required significant adaptions to continue. This brief communication describes how the previously published study protocol was adapted for virtual delivery. In addition, we highlight the challenge of continuing the study which was embedded within a clinical pathway also impacted by the pandemic.SummaryThe original trial protocol was amended and continued to recruit and deliver an exercise prehabilitation intervention virtually. Continued delivery of the intervention was deemed important to participants already enrolled within the trial and the adapted virtual version of the trial was acceptable to the research ethics committee as well as participants. Development of effective, remotely delivered rehabilitation and physical activity programmes are likely to benefit people living with myeloma. The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to explore the feasibility of a virtual programme for ASCT recipients, however, continued changes to the clinical pathway within which the study was embedded posed the greatest challenge and ultimately led to early termination of recruitment.Trial registration numberISRCTN15875290; pre-results
Overexpression of integrin alpha 2 (ITGA2) correlates with poor survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Deichmann Steffen , Schindel Leif , Braun Rüdiger , Bolm Louisa , Taylor Martin , Deshpande Vikram , Schilling Oliver , Bronsert Peter , Keck Tobias , Ferrone Cristina , Wellner Ulrich , Honselmann Kim 
Published: April 2022

AimsDue to the known malignant potential and the poor overall prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the identification of new biomarkers is of utmost importance. It has been reported that integrin alpha 2 (ITGA2), plakophilin 3 (PKP3) and adenylate kinase 4 (AK4) are associated with poor survival and more aggressive malignant behaviour in multiple cancers; however, their role in PDAC is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of ITGA2, PKP3 and AK4 expression with PDAC tumour characteristics and patient survival.MethodsOf 105 patients undergoing oncological pancreatic resection between 2012 and 2018, tissue microarrays were prepared from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded PDAC tissues and immunohistochemically stained with PKP3, AK4 and ITGA2. Clinical and pathological patient data were retrieved from the electronic patient charts and correlated with biomarker staining scores.ResultsITGA2 expression was high in 43% of patients with PDAC, whereas AK4 and PKP3 expressions were high in 28% and 57%, respectively. Overall survival was negatively associated with high ITGA2 expression in comparison with low expression (13 months (95% CI 10 to 18 months) vs 25 months (95% CI 20 to 30 months), p<0.001). Expression of AK4 and PKP3 did not correlate with overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression identified ITGA2 as an independent predictor of shorter overall survival in PDAC of different lymph node status and high tumour grade (G3/G4).ConclusionsITGA2 is an independent prognostic parameter for survival in patients with resected PDAC. PKP3 and AK4 do not appear to have prognostic value for survival in PDAC.
GLRA2gene mutations cause high myopia in humans and mice
Authors: Tian Qi , Tong Ping , Chen Gong , Deng Meichun , Cai Tian'e , Tian Runyi , Zhang Zimin , Xia Kun , Hu Zhengmao 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundHigh myopia (HM) is a leading cause of blindness that has a strong genetic predisposition. However, its genetic and pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unknown. Thus, this study aims to determine the genetic profile of individuals from two large Chinese families with HM and 200 patients with familial/sporadic HM. We also explored the pathogenic mechanism of HM using HEK293 cells and a mouse model.MethodsThe participants underwent genome-wide linkage analysis and exome sequencing. Visual acuity, electroretinogram response, refractive error, optical parameters and retinal rod cell genesis were measured in knockout mice. Immunofluorescent staining, biotin-labelled membrane protein isolation and electrophysiological characterisation were conducted in cells transfected with overexpression plasmids.ResultsA novel HM locus on Xp22.2-p11.4 was identified. Variant c.539C>T (p.Pro180Leu) inGLRA2gene was co-segregated with HM in the two families. Another variant, c.458G>A (p.Arg153Gln), was identified in a sporadic sample. TheGlra2knockout mice showed myopia-related phenotypes, decreased electroretinogram responses and impaired retinal rod cell genesis. Variants c.458G>A and c.539C>T altered the localisation of GlyRα2 on the cell membrane and decreased agonist sensitivity.ConclusionGLRA2was identified as a novel HM-causing gene. Its variants would cause HM through altered visual experience by impairing photoperception and visual transmission.
Aetiology, secondary prevention strategies and outcomes of ischaemic stroke despite oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Polymeris Alexandros A , Meinel Thomas R , Oehler Hannah , Hölscher Kyra , Zietz Annaelle , Scheitz Jan F , Nolte Christian H , Stretz Christoph , Yaghi Shadi , Stoll Svenja , Wang Ruihao , Häusler Karl Georg , Hellwig Simon , Klammer Markus G , Litmeier Simon , Leon Guerrero Christopher R , Moeini-Naghani Iman , Michel Patrik , Strambo Davide , Salerno Alexander , Bianco Giovanni , Cereda Carlo , Uphaus Timo , Gröschel Klaus , Katan Mira , Wegener Susanne , Peters Nils , Engelter Stefan T , Lyrer Philippe A , Bonati Leo H , Grunder Lorenz , Ringleb Peter Arthur , Fischer Urs , Kallmünzer Bernd , Purrucker Jan C , Seiffge David J 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the aetiology, subsequent preventive strategies and outcomes of stroke despite anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsWe analysed consecutive patients with AF with an index imaging-proven ischaemic stroke despite vitamin K-antagonist (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) treatment across 11 stroke centres. We classified stroke aetiology as: (i) competing stroke mechanism other than AF-related cardioembolism; (ii) insufficient anticoagulation (non-adherence or low anticoagulant activity measured with drug-specific assays); or, (iii) AF-related cardioembolism despite sufficient anticoagulation. We investigated subsequent preventive strategies with regard to the primary (composite of recurrent ischaemic stroke, intracranial haemorrhage, death) and secondary endpoint (recurrent ischaemic stroke) within 3 months after index stroke.ResultsAmong 2946 patients (median age 81 years; 48% women; 43% VKA, 57% DOAC), stroke aetiology was competing mechanism in 713 patients (24%), insufficient anticoagulation in 934 (32%) and cardioembolism despite sufficient anticoagulation in 1299 (44%). We found high rates of the primary (27% of patients; completeness 91.6%) and secondary endpoint (4.6%; completeness 88.5%). Only DOAC (vs VKA) treatment after index stroke showed lower odds for both endpoints (primary: adjusted OR (aOR) (95% CI) 0.49 (0.32 to 0.73); secondary: 0.44 (0.24 to 0.80)), but not switching between different DOAC types. Adding antiplatelets showed higher odds for both endpoints (primary: aOR (95% CI) 1.99 (1.25 to 3.15); secondary: 2.66 (1.40 to 5.04)). Only few patients (1%) received left atrial appendage occlusion as additional preventive strategy.ConclusionsStroke despite anticoagulation comprises heterogeneous aetiologies and cardioembolism despite sufficient anticoagulation is most common. While DOAC were associated with better outcomes than VKA, adding antiplatelets was linked to worse outcomes in these high-risk patients. Our findings indicate that individualised and novel preventive strategies beyond the currently available anticoagulants are needed.Trial registration numberISRCTN48292829.
Results of the COMPARE trial of Constraint-induced or Multimodality Aphasia Therapy compared with usual care in chronic post-stroke aphasia
Authors: Rose Miranda L , Nickels Lyndsey , Copland David , Togher Leanne , Godecke Erin , Meinzer Marcus , Rai Tapan , Cadilhac Dominique A , Kim Joosup , Hurley Melanie , Foster Abby , Carragher Marcella , Wilcox Cassie , Pierce John E , Steel Gillian 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundWhile meta-analyses confirm treatment for chronic post-stroke aphasia is effective, a lack of comparative evidence for different interventions limits prescription accuracy. We investigated whether Constraint-Induced Aphasia Therapy Plus (CIAT-plus) and/or Multimodality Aphasia Therapy (M-MAT) provided greater therapeutic benefit compared with usual community care and were differentially effective according to baseline aphasia severity.MethodsWe conducted a three-arm, multicentre, parallel group, open-label, blinded endpoint, phase III, randomised-controlled trial. We stratified eligible participants by baseline aphasia on the Western Aphasia Battery-Revised Aphasia Quotient (WAB-R-AQ). Groups of three participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to 30 hours of CIAT-Plus or M-MAT or to usual care (UC). Primary outcome was change in aphasia severity (WAB-R-AQ) from baseline to therapy completion analysed in the intention-to-treat population. Secondary outcomes included word retrieval, connected speech, functional communication, multimodal communication, quality of life and costs.ResultsWe analysed 201 participants (70 in CIAT-Plus, 70 in M-MAT and 61 in UC). Aphasia severity was not significantly different between groups at postintervention: 1.05 points (95% CI −0.78 to 2.88; p=0.36) UC group vs CIAT-Plus; 1.06 points (95% CI −0.78 to 2.89; p=0.36) UC group vs M-MAT; 0.004 points (95% CI −1.76 to 1.77; p=1.00) CIAT-Plus vs M-MAT. Word retrieval, functional communication and communication-related quality of life were significantly improved following CIAT-Plus and M-MAT. Word retrieval benefits were maintained at 12-week follow-up.ConclusionsCIAT-Plus and M-MAT were effective for word retrieval, functional communication, and quality of life, while UC was not. Future studies should explore predictive characteristics of responders and impacts of maintenance doses.Trial registration numberACTRN 2615000618550.
Two years follow-up of continuous erector spinae plane block in a patient with upper extremity complex regional pain syndrome type I
Authors: Forero Mauricio , Kamel Rami A , Chan Philip Lung , Maida Eugene 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundRecalcitrant complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type 1 is a devastating condition.Case presentationWe report a case of a patient in their twenties with left hand and forearm CRPS type I, transiently responsive to spinal cord stimulation, thoracic sympathectomy, and multimodal analgesia. The investigators initiated a trial of a single-shot erector spinae plane block at the T2 level, resulting in a clinically significant improvement in pain, function, vasomotor and sudomotor symptoms transiently for a 36-hour interval. As a result, a permanent e-port catheter implantation under combined ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance was trialed. Two-year follow-up of the continuous erector spinae plane block (CESPB) indicated an 80% reduction in pain scores from baseline, and a 50% reduction in opiate consumption, with a clinically significant reduction in swelling, color changes, allodynia, and temperature asymmetry.ConclusionRecalcitrant CRPS type 1 is a challenging life-altering condition that results in a cyclical triad of chronic pain, disability, and impaired psychosocial health. The profound and prolonged analgesic response to CESPB, highlights the clinical utility of this technique, and warrants more clinical investigation.
The investigation of low-frequency dilaton generation
Authors: Denisov V. I. , Denisova I. P. , Einiev E. T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe electromagnetic source of dilaton radiation is a first invariant of the electromagnetic field tensor. For electromagnetic waves, this invariant can be nonzero only in the near zone. Pulsars and magnetars are natural sources of this type. We calculated the generation of dilatons by a coherent electromagnetic field of rotating magnetic dipole moments of pulsars and magnetars. It was shown that the radiation of dilaton waves occurs at two frequencies: the rotation frequency $$\omega $$
ω
of the magnetic dipole moment of the neutron star, and twice that frequency. The generation of dilatons at frequency $$\omega $$
ω
is maximal when the angle between the magnetic dipole moment and the axis of its rotation is $$\pi /4.$$

π
/
4
.

If this angle is $$ \pi /2,$$

π
/
2
,

then dilaton radiation at frequency $$\omega $$
ω
does not occur. The generation of dilatons at frequency $$2\omega $$

2
ω

is maximal when the angle between the magnetic dipole and the axis of its rotation is $$\pi /2.$$

π
/
2
.

The angular distribution of radiation of dilatons having a frequency of $$\omega $$
ω
is maximal along the conic surfaces $$\theta =\pi /4$$

θ
=
π
/
4

and $$\theta =3\pi /4.$$

θ
=
3
π
/
4
.

The angular distribution of radiation of dilatons having a frequency of $$2\omega $$

2
ω

is maximal in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation $$(\theta =\pi /2).$$

(
θ
=
π
/
2
)
.