bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A máquina de Joseph Walser: indiferença e totalitarismo
Authors: Bordini Maria Isabel 
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo faz uma análise da figuração da guerra no romance A máquina de Joseph Walser, do escritor português Gonçalo M. Tavares. A guerra é apresentada como momento em que se evidencia a relação entre uma postura individual de isolamento e indiferença e a perpetração coletiva das formas mais radicais de violência: aquelas engendradas pelo domínio totalitário. A ligação entre indiferença e totalitarismo encontra-se iconizada, segundo nossa leitura, na relação destrutiva que os personagens Klober Muller e Joseph Walser desenvolvem entre si. A indiferença que ambos manifestam, decorrente do atrofiamento da consciência e da capacidade de julgar, é a contraface da violência exercida em moldes totalitários. Palavras-chave: guerra, totalitarismo, indiferença
CT Score and Prognosis of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in COVID 19 Pneumonia
Authors: Onur Bayrakçi , Mehmet Onay , Çetin Murat Altay , Sinem Bayrakçi , Ali Burak Binboğa 
Published: January 2022

Background: Covid-19 is infection has a wide range of clinical findings from asymptomatic, mild to severe pneumonia. Respiratory system is the first to be affected in Covid-19, and it has been reported that pathological findings appear before symptoms in CT. Vaccination is recommended against Covid 19 disease. Pulmonary involvement has been reported to be more common in the unvaccinated population.
Aims: In the study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between CT score and prognosis in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients.
Study Design: CT score and clinical findings in hospitalized patients due to Covid-19 were analyzed retrospectively.
Place and Duration of Study: Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital Covid Wards between July 1, 2021, and September 30, 2021.
Methodology: 300 vaccinated or unvaccinated patients (133 male, 167 female) with or without a medical history hospitalized in hospital wards were included in the study. CT and clinical findings of the patients were evaluated. CT score was calculated according to lung lobes involvement rates. Chi-Square Test was used for statistical analyzed.
Results: A total of 300 patients were reviewed. Male gender was 44.3% and female 55.7%. The average age was 57 years (median:57 range:21-96). According to the CT scores; 18.6% mild, 49.3% moderate, 24.6% severe lung involvement was found. 18.6% of the patients were completed vaccinated, 10.6% incompleted-vaccinated, and 70.8% unvaccinated. Pulmonary involvement was mild in 84%, moderate in 16% of the vaccinated patients. In unvaccinated and incompletely-vaccinated; 27% severe, 69% moderate and 4% mild were found. It was determined that 17.6% of patients needed intensive-care. The mean hospitalized stay was 9.2 days (median:8 range:1-38). 7 or less CT scores was related with vaccinated patients (mild). 8-17 CT score was related with unvaccinated (moderate). It was found that patients with a more than 18 CT score (severe lung involvoment) had a longer hospital stay and a more often need for intensive care.
Conclusion: COVID 19 is found to be related with more severe lung damage in unvaccinated patients. In the vaccinated patients the lung damage was milder. A CT score of more than 18 was related with poor prognosis.
Relationship between Anthropometric Parameters and Fasting Blood Sugar in Apparently Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Ojeka S. O. , Ibulubo T. G. , Saronee F. , Onwoke E. E. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Anthropometric parameters refer to several quantitative measurements of the body adipose and muscle composition. It serves as an important indicator of nutritive status and physical fitness among adults as well as children.
Aim: This research aims to ascertain the relationship between anthropometric parameters and fasting blood sugar in healthy young adults.
Methodology: This is a randomized cross sectional observational study. 220 apparently healthy students (54 male and 166 female) of Rivers State College of Health Sciences and Management Technology, Port Harcourt were recruited into the study. Anthropometric measurements including Waist Circumference (cm), Abdominal Circumference (cm), Hip Circumference (cm), were taken alongside Fasting blood sugar.
Results: Males respondents were observed to have slightly higher values of waist, abdominal and hip circumferences while females were observed to have slightly higher values of waist to hip ratio. A significant positive correlation between fasting blood glucose and HC (r=0.165, p<0.05) was observed while showing a significant negative correlation between fasting blood sugar and WHR (r=-0.149, p<0.05).
Conclusion: Waist, abdominal, hip circumferences and BMI are determined by gender, age and metabolic changes.
Black Pepper: Its Health Benefits
Authors: Jogdand Sangita , Singh Sejal 
Published: January 2022

Black pepper has a scientific name of‘piper nigrum’is an unripe fruit of peppercorn which is dried, it is a flavor enhancer in food, besides also has health benefits, it contains bioactive compound piperine which adds a spicy taste to it being an antioxidant it reduces risk of various life-threatening illnesses (atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease and neurological conditions) and also increases bioavailability of various nutrients, piperine at any given dose weakens memory impairment, in low dose piperine potentially increases neuronal density in hippocampus. Black pepper boosts HCL in stomach and has antispasmodic properties. Active compounds present play a significance in stimulating leucocytes increasing immunity against various pathogens. It is given along with iron supplements to improve its bioavailability without any adverse reaction. Piper Nigrum given in significant amount enhances learning and memory inadequacy related to AlCl, also exhibits anticholinesterase activity preventing nerve degeneration. In the ongoing COVID scenario biologically active compounds in piper nigrum: piperdardiine and piperanine are markedly effective against COVID‐19, hence is preferred as a medication. Black pepper rectifies the lipid profile, along with degree of total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride in patients with cardiovascular diseases, piper nigrum being prosperous in having constituents of vanadium in it contributes in boosting and recovering fron cardiac function after a myocardial infarction and dealing with pressure overload–induced hypertrophy by inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatases. Piper nigrum can boost melanocyte proliferation and bring back pigmentation to depigmented skin, therefore this could possibly be the treatment for vitiligo. Alkaloid constituent of black pepper, bring to bear anticancer properties in a wide range of malignancies.
Gingival Recession among the Patients Wearing Fixed Braces Visiting Dental College of Larkana
Authors: Shar Mor Khan , Nisar Amna , Raza Aalishan Ali , Sohoo Sarang , Batool Zahra , Memon Abdul Bari , Abro Mehran Mazhar 
Published: January 2022

Aim: To evaluate gingival recession among the patients wearing fixed braces visiting dental college of Larkana.
Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthodontics, Bibi Aseefa Dental College (BADC) Larkana December 2018 to February 2020.
Methodology: This study was carried out at Bibi Aseefa Dental College Larkana. The patients were recruited with consecutive sampling technique. The gingival recession was evaluated clinically using Miller`s classification. A structured questionnaire was used for the information relevant to oral hygiene status. Data was analyzed using SPSS version-23.0.Chi-square test was applied between the gender and gingival recession at 95% confidence interval.
Results: Males were 23% and females were 77%. The mean age was 21.03±4.684.The class-I recession was observed in 6% patients and Class-II was in 2% patients. The gingival recession was observed in 8.5% patients. There was significant relationship between gingival recession and gender (p-value-0.018).
Conclusion: It is concluded that there were many patients facing the problem of gingival recession during treatment. There was significant association of gender and gingival recession.
A Study of Carotid Doppler and Highly Specific C Reactive Protein in Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Correlation with Macrovascular Complications
Authors: Gokhale Vijayashree S. , Parati Rupesh S. , Yadav Ponvijaya , Mehta Keyuri 
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetes has a multitude of macrovascular complications, one of them being Carotid artery Atherosclerosis leading to stenosis and predisposing patient to Stroke. A hypothesis put forward is the presence of low-grade inflammation in Diabetic patients, which may enhance atherosclerosis. A study was planned to assess Carotid artery stenosis and HsCRP levels in Diabetic patients, so as to identify at risk group and take measures to prevent complications such as stroke and ischemic heart disease.
Aim: To study the patients by clinical parameters, ultrasound carotid doppler study, and estimation of HsCRP with patients of type II DM.
Study Design: Cross sectional observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at Department of General Medicine, Dr D Y Patil Medical College, Pune from July 2019 – September 2021.
Methodology: The study included 50 subjects with type 2 DM (as per inclusion and exclusion criterion). All participants were explained the nature of the study and after informed consent all subjects were clinically examined and were subjected to carotid artery doppler and HsCRP levels.
Results: In our study 16% had carotid stenosis of <50% while 8% had >50%. However, 42% had increased intima-media thickness. On the other hand, 52% subjects had raised HsCRP levels.
Conclusion: In our study, Carotid Stenosis and impending stenosis was seen in significant number of Diabetic patients of more than 5 years duration, who also had higher HsCRP levels.
Factors Associated with Delayed Presentation among Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Mangi Munawar Hussain , Bashir Rubina , Rahim Seema , Paras . 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Breast cancer in women is one of the most common tumors in women worldwide. Throughout Pakistan, there have been multiple reasons that cause a delay in the presentation of breast cancer and many reasons are neither reported nor studied. The objective of our study is to provide detailed estimates on the prevalence and causes of delays in order to plan targets for intervention.
Materials Methods: This is a Quasi-Experimental study done at Department of General surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Lyari Karachi from September 2018 to August 2020. We recorded the histories of 200 women by conducting structured interviews after their written consent and noted their mean age, standard deviation, early symptoms, and reasons for delayed presentation. Only patients who discovered their symptoms are included in the study.We then conducted the analysis on early and advanced stage patients using SPSS Version 20.
Results: The mean patient's age was 44.2 ± 4.13years, where 200 females were observed with a maximum age of 70 years and minimum age of 20 years in our data. Approximately 49% of breast cancers were advanced stage and about 69% had a rural residence, while painless bump was observed in 91% of women,hospital distance was less and more than 60 minutes and that’s has hindered presentation too. Similarly, about 71.2% of breast cancer patients presented with advanced-stage disease. We observed the most common factor to be a painless lump and misdiagnosed first visit.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that distance, rural residence, painless breast lump, and misdiagnosis are the most common reason of delay presentation by the patients and should be intervened.
Tongue Reconstruction by Nasolabial Flap
Authors: Shelke Saurabh , Singh Chandra Veer 
Published: January 2022

Background: The nasolabial flap is an easy, however untrained, modest tissue reconstruction process with an honest delivery of blood that may be utilized to restore minor tissue defects within the hollow mouth region. The study's intention turned into to peer how a success inferiorly primarily based completely nasolabial flaps had been for restore in sufferers with early mouth maximal cancer.
Methods: A total of twenty-eight sufferers with T- or T2 malignant mass of the tongue which had reconstructions, the use of the inferiorly primarily based nasolabial flap was investigated retrospectively. All of the sufferers blanketed with inside the studies had their flap viability, wound issues, infections, function, scar, and recurrence mentioned post-operatively. After the manner, all sufferers had been monitored for at least six months.
Results: The nasolabial flap is used to restore abnormalities withinside the buccal mucosa, oral commissure, decreased lip, lateral border of the tongue, demanding palate, and mouth floor. The flap becomes a success in all sufferers without a recurrence. The beauty and purposeful results have been each satisfactory. Minor complications include postoperative trismus, immoderate wound contracture, ectropion, infection, and wound dehiscence passed off in a few sufferers. One of the maximum not unusual place issues in most male sufferers becomes intraoral hair boom over the flap employed.
Conclusions: The NLF is a feasible and adaptable choice for restoring small to intermediate deficits of the oral hole area due to ablation of early tumors of the oral hole area if proper interest is paid to flap design, operational approach, and postoperative treatment.
The Ayurvedic Concept of Kshavathu as Related with Western Concept of Allergic Rhinitis – A Review
Authors: Sivabalaji K. , Bhutada Roshna , Jain Shraddha 
Published: January 2022

Individuals with Kshavathu for chronic periods develop long-standing complications which affect the immune system manifested as respiratory diseases. Poor life style habituates such as physical inactivity, exposure to mist, wind, dust, sleep disruption increase are the factors responsible for nasal disorder symptoms and their severity. As allergic rhinitis may results from an IgE mediated or a non- IgEmediated immune response, it is also important to have an anti-allergic strategy to make the patient symptom- free for a longer period. The attempt is made to minimize the allergic rhinitis features related to kshavathu such as paroxysmal sneezing, its crucial feature. Kshavathu not only indicates simple sneezing but a vast pathology exists behind this clinical condition. Kshavathualso is associated with several conditions that affects the patients day- to-day life pressuring the need to understand and identify the interventions that could help in managing the risk factors, especially with healthy individuals who are at risk of immune impairment. The Ayurveda protocol includes Nasya (nasal drops) and internal medication as possible interventions to reduce the risk of complications and improve immune response. Treatment modality emphasis the tolerance of nasal mucosa to the aerial allergens to keep the patient symptom - free. Nasya with Vata Kapha Hara medication and internal medicine which addresses both the factors Agni and elimination of the Doshas should be administered. Therefore, this review paper attempts to explain various consequences of Kshavathu mentioned in classic texts and also enlists the management ofits complications.
Case Report on Fibroid Uterus
Authors: Bhoge Harshada , Maurya Archana 
Published: January 2022

Uterine fibroids are also known as leiomyomas or myomas are muscular tumors that can form on the uterus. They seldom become malignant, and having them does not increase your risk of uterine cancer. Fibroids come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and locations. They can be found inside your uterus, on the surface, or in the uterine wall. They may also have a stalk or stem-like structure that connects them to the uterus.
Main symptoms and/or important clinical findings: Constipation, backache, or leg discomfort since 4 month, monthly bleeding for more than a week since 4 month, pelvic pressure or discomfort since 4 month, frequent urination since 4 month, difficulties emptying the bladder.
Nursing perspectives: fluid replacement that has been administered, i.e. DNS and RL checked vital signs and blood pressure every hour, kept an intake and output chart, and made sure the patient had enough rest and sleep. Medication was administered in accordance with the doctor's orders.
Effects of Light-Curing Techniques on Dental Resins - A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hassan Saeed Awod Bin , Alfaifi Ayman Mousa A. , Otudi Abdulrahman Mohammed Nasser 
Published: January 2022

Background: Commonly used dental resin composites are used as dental filling materials with the help of light induced polymerization reaction. The purpose of this cross-sectional research was to compare the results of different light intensities on the hardness of different dental composites. Following light treatment units were used.

QTH also called Quartz Tungsten Halogen
LED also called Light Emitting Diodes

Methods: This one-month cross-sectional, in-vitro study was carried out in the Dental Materials Laboratory in Saudi Arabia. Using non-probability, convenient sampling, a single trained operator prepared 60 dental restorative composites (DRC) samples in steel molds with a diameter of 10mm and each mold was 2mm thick. During the polymerization of DRCs, the effects of light intensities, sorption and solubility, and microhardness were all measured. SPSS was used for statistical analysis and a p-value of <0.05 was declared striking.
Results: When QTH and LED lamps were used, the average micro hardness of DRC was estimated to be 15.480.46 and 18.260.53, respectively. The mean light intensity of QTH was 434 mW/cm2 and for LED lights it was 925mW/cm2. There was no notable difference in DRC sorption and solubility capability (p=0.001) during the polymerization reaction (p=0.128).
Conclusion: When it came to increasing the surface micro hardness of DRC, LED light was found to be more effective than QTH light.
Effect of Methotrexate and Linoleic Acid on BAX/BCL2 Ratio in Human Hepatocyte Cell
Authors: Kabakci Ayse Gül , Kaplan Halil Mahir , Şingirik Ergin , Bozkır Memduha Gülhal 
Published: January 2022

Aims: To investigate the effect of methotrexate and linoleic acid on BAX/BCL 2 ratio in human hepatocyte cell.
Study Design: Original Research Article.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in partnership with the Department of Anatomy and Department of Medical Pharmacology of Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, using the laboratory facilities of the Department of Medical Pharmacology.
Methodology: Human hepatocyte cell line (CRL-11233) cells obtained from the American Type Culture Collection Organization (ATCC) were used. Expressions of apoptotic pathway markers, apoptosis inducing factor BAX, BCL2 and BAX/BCL2 were evaluated. All analyzes were examined in four groups (Group 1; control, Group 2; linoleic acid given, Group 3; methotrexate given and Group 4; linoleic acid and methotrexate given).
Results: The mean ± standard error values of the obtained results as nanogram / milliliter (ng / ml) are in Group I, Group II, Group III and Group IV, respectively; BAX values, 0.900 ± 0.1864, 1.002 ± 0.2098, 8.352 ± 1.467 and 4.295 ± 1.522, BCL 2 values, 13.93 ± 1.198, 13.92 ± 1.739, 2.938 ± 1.059 and 9.250 ± 1.492 and BAX/BCL2 values 0.065, 0.072, 2.843 and 0.464.
Conclusion: While BAX/BCL2 level increased in the group given methotrexate, it decreased in the group given linoleic acid and methotrexate.
Preliminarily Phytochemical Screening, Anti Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activity of Macrotyloma Uniflorum (Horse Gram) Leaf Ethanolic Extract on Selected Oral Pathogens
Authors: Vasishta P. A. , Gayathri R. , Priya V. Vishnu 
Published: January 2022

Aim: To know the Preliminary phytochemical screening, Anti Inflammatory activity and antimicrobial activity Macrotyloma uniflorum (Horse gram) leaf ethanolic extract on selected oral pathogens.
Introduction: Macrotyloma uniflorum also known as horse gram is a plant grown for feeding horses, rarely by humans and also in Ayurvedic cuisine. This plant is a legume from tropical southern Asia which belongs to the family of Fabaceae and the kingdom of Plantae.
Materials and Methods: Macrotyloma uniflorum ethanolic plant extract was made and statistical analysis was done using various methods in order to know the anti inflammatory and antioxidant properties by preliminary phytochemical screening.
Results and Discussion: The polyphenolic compounds flavonoids and tannins appear to be the most promising in Macrotyloma uniflorum ethanolic plant extract.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated in vitro antioxidants and anti- inflammatory activities of Macrotyloma uniflorum leaf extract through scavenging, chelating and reducing activity.
In Situ Investigation on Life‐Time Dynamic Structure–Performance Correlation Toward Electrocatalyst Service Behavior in Water Splitting
Authors: Xie Yong , Sun Yu , Tao Huibing , Wang Xin , Wu Jing , Ma Kaikai , Wang Li , Kang Zhuo , Zhang Yue 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting is recognized as quite a promising protocol for the renewable hydrogen energy production, and significant effort has been devoted to the design of high‐performance electrocatalysts that can efficiently alleviate the critical issue of fossil fuel scarcity. However, the vast majority of traditional design strategies restrictedly focus on the pristine electrocatalyst structure and ultimate performance results, which may lead to the incorrect or even opposite understanding of catalytic structure–performance correlations. With the burgeoning development of in situ techniques, the dynamic service behaviors of electrocatalysts during water splitting have been growingly investigated from enriched perspectives, only by which can the life‐time dynamic structure–performance correlations be established. Herein, to shed new light on the next‐stage development of in situ investigations for water splitting electrocatalysts, a series of dynamic service behavior that existed in water splitting process and highlight their key role for understanding the life‐time dynamic structure–performance correlations is comprehensively summarized. Besides, a wide variety of in situ techniques are systematically dissected in terms of their functional features, advantages, and limitations. Critical challenges and prospects are also discussed for establishing the life‐time dynamic structure–performance correlations of water splitting electrocatalysts.