bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptomics of Pinus massoniana organs provides insights on terpene biosynthesis regulation
Authors: Bai Qingsong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTerpenoids are the most important natural products collected from conifer species. However, the molecular mechanisms and core factors underlying terpenoid biosynthesis in Pinus massoniana remain unclear. To clarify these mechanisms, this study aimed to identify potential genes that might participate in the terpenoid biosynthesis of P. massoniana. In this study, single molecule real‐time (SMRT) sequencing and expression analysis were used to confirm the expression patterns of genes involved in the cones, immature needles, mature needles, immature branches, and mature branches of P. massoniana. A total of 31,331 lncRNAs and 71,240 mRNAs were identified from these organs, and the greatest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was discovered between needles and branches. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) classified all expressed genes into nine typical modules with 11 kinds of transcription factors (TFs), namely, AP2‐ERF, ARF, AUX‐IAA, C2H2, Dof, F‐box, SBP, WRKY, bHLH, bZIP, and GRAS, and seven kinds of functional genes, namely, ABC transporter, cellulose synthase (CesA), leucine‐rich repeats (LRR), cytochrome P450 (CYT P450), pathogenesis‐related protein (PR), terpene synthase (TPS), and chlorophyllase enzyme. A molecular network was constructed for hub genes, TFs, and functional genes in three modules. The potential function of eight candidate genes, including PmbHLH2, PmERF1, PmRGA, PmGAI, PmbZIP1, PmLOB1, PmMADS1, and PmMYB1, was validated through correlation analysis between terpenoid contents and expression levels, subcellular localization, and transcriptional activation activity, which provides us with probable regulators of terpenoid biosynthesis in conifers.
Chemical compositions of the Neogene bedded manganese deposits in the Fukaura area, Northeast Japan
Authors: Komuro Kosei , Ito Takashi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInorganic chemical compositions are determined for a series of ores from three bedded manganese deposits, that is, Kitaichi, Teranosawa, and Maruyama, in the Fukaura area, northeast Japan. The deposits occur as layers or lenses conformably in sedimentary or pyroclastic rocks of the Odoji formation of the Onnagawa stage in the Neogene period. The ores are composed of lower goethite ore and upper todorokite ore. The ores in the bedded manganese deposits are anomalously high in certain elements: t‐Fe2O3 (max. 51.2%), P2O5 (0.34%), As (9200 ppm), and Pb (600 ppm) in the goethite ore, and MnO (48.5%), Ba (28,000 ppm), Co (560 ppm), Mo (660 ppm), Ni (200 ppm), Tl (32 ppm), V (530 ppm), and W (520 ppm) in the todorokite ore. In the Kitaichi profile, there is distinct compositional zoning, that is, Fe‐As‐Y, P‐Pb, Cu, Co‐W‐Tl, and Mn‐Ba‐Mo‐Sr‐V, in ascending order. Based on the occurrences and chemical compositions of the Fukaura manganese deposits and the geological and paleoceanographic backgrounds, hydrothermal input or upwelling of anaerobic stratified water would be a possible source of elements of initial ferromanganese deposits. The zoning would be made by early diagenetic redistribution process of manganese from initial Fe‐Mn deposits, left residual products of goethite ore at the original horizon. Distinct compositional zoning would be made by the different adsorption behavior of goethite and todorokite for minor elements during early diagenesis.
Complications and outcomes of thoracoscopic‐assisted lung lobectomy in dogs
Authors: Scott Jacqueline E. , Auzenne Danielle A. , Massari Federico , Singh Ameet , Donovan Victoria , Mayhew Philipp D. , Case Brad , Scharf Valery F. , Buote Nicole , Wallace Mandy L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe complications and outcomes of dogs undergoing thoracoscopic‐assisted (TA) lung lobectomy.Study designMulti‐institutional, retrospective study.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs (n = 30).MethodsMedical records of dogs that underwent TA lung lobectomy were reviewed. Signalment, bodyweight, clinical signs, imaging findings, surgical variables, complications, and short‐term/long‐term outcome were assessed. Thoracoscopic‐assisted lung lobectomy was performed with a mini‐thoracotomy.ResultsTwelve intraoperative complications were recorded in 11 dogs, 6 requiring conversion to open thoracotomy. Reasons for conversion were reported in 5/6 dogs and included adhesions (2), difficultly manipulating the lesion through the mini‐thoracotomy (2), and acute oxygen desaturation (1). One lung ventilation was successful in 4 of the 7 dogs in which this was attempted. A linear stapling device (DST series Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota) was used for lung lobe ligation in 14 dogs. Twenty‐three dogs underwent surgery for a neoplastic lesion, with 19 of these being carcinoma. The median lesion size was 4.3 cm (range 1‐10 cm); margins were clean, except in 1 dog. Complications were documented in 8 dogs prior to discharge, 5 of these being classified as mild. Twenty‐nine dogs were discharged at a median of 47 h postoperatively (range 24‐120 h). Death was reported in 9 dogs, with a median survival time of 168 days (range 70‐868 days).ConclusionThoracoscopic‐assisted lung lobectomy was achieved with few major complications in the population reported here. Dogs were able to be discharged from hospital quickly, with most surviving beyond the follow‐up period.Clinical significanceThoracoscopic‐assisted lung lobectomy may be considered to facilitate the excision of larger pulmonary lesions or to treat smaller dogs, in which a thoracoscopic excision may be technically more challenging.
The Tripod neuron: a minimal structural reduction of the dendritic tree
Authors: Quaresima Alessio , Fitz Hartmut , Duarte Renato , Broek Dick van den , Hagoort Peter , Petersson Karl Magnus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeuron models with explicit dendritic dynamics have shed light on mechanisms for coincidence detection, pathway selection and temporal filtering. However, it is still unclear which morphological and physiological features are required to capture these phenomena. In this work, we introduce the Tripod neuron model and propose a minimal structural reduction of the dendritic tree that is able to reproduce these computations. The Tripod is a three‐compartment model consisting of two segregated passive dendrites and a somatic compartment modelled as an adaptive, exponential integrate‐and‐fire neuron. It incorporates dendritic geometry, membrane physiology and receptor dynamics as measured in human pyramidal cells. We characterize the response of the Tripod to glutamatergic and GABAergic inputs and identify parameters that support supra‐linear integration, coincidence‐detection and pathway‐specific gating through shunting inhibition. Following NMDA spikes, the Tripod neuron generates plateau potentials whose duration depends on the dendritic length and the strength of synaptic input. When fitted with distal compartments, the Tripod encodes previous activity into a dendritic depolarized state. This dendritic memory allows the neuron to perform temporal binding, and we show that it solves transition and sequence detection tasks on which a single‐compartment model fails. Thus, the Tripod can account for dendritic computations previously explained only with more detailed neuron models or neural networks. Due to its simplicity, the Tripod neuron can be used efficiently in simulations of larger cortical circuits.
imageKey points
We present a neuron model, called the Tripod, with two segregated dendritic branches that are connected to an axosomatic compartment. Each branch implements inhibitory GABAergic and excitatory glutamatergic synaptic transmission, including voltage‐gated NMDA receptors.
Dendrites are modelled on relevant geometric and physiological parameters measured in human pyramidal cells.
The neuron reproduces classical dendritic computations, such as coincidence detection and pathway selection via shunting inhibition, that are beyond the scope of point‐neuron models.
Under some conditions, dendritic NMDA spikes cause plateau potentials, and we show that they provide a form of short‐term memory which is useful for sequence recognition.
The dendritic structure of the Tripod neuron is sufficiently simple to be integrated into efficient network simulations and studied in a broad functional context.
Fasting Before Evening Exercise Reduces Net Energy Intake and Increases Fat Oxidation, but Impairs Performance in Healthy Males and Females
Authors: Slater Tommy , Mode William J.A. , Pinkney Mollie G. , Hough John , James Ruth M. , Sale Craig , James Lewis J. , Clayton David J. 
Published: September 2022

Acute morning fasted exercise may create a greater negative 24-hr energy balance than the same exercise performed after a meal, but research exploring fasted evening exercise is limited. This study assessed the effects of 7-hr fasting before evening exercise on energy intake, metabolism, and performance. Sixteen healthy males and females (n = 8 each) completed two randomized, counterbalanced trials. Participants consumed a standardized breakfast (08:30) and lunch (11:30). Two hours before exercise (16:30), participants consumed a meal (543 ± 86 kcal; FED) or remained fasted (FAST). Exercise involved 30-min cycling (∼60% VO2peak) and a 15-min performance test (∼85% VO2peak; 18:30). Ad libitum energy intake was assessed 15 min postexercise. Subjective appetite was measured throughout. Energy intake was 99 ± 162 kcal greater postexercise (p < .05), but 443 ± 128 kcal lower over the day (p < .001) in FAST. Appetite was elevated between the preexercise meal and ad libitum meal in FAST (p < .001), with no further differences (p ≥ .458). Fat oxidation was greater (+3.25 ± 1.99 g), and carbohydrate oxidation was lower (−9.16 ± 5.80 g) during exercise in FAST (p < .001). Exercise performance was 3.8% lower in FAST (153 ± 57 kJ vs. 159 ± 58 kJ, p < .05), with preexercise motivation, energy, readiness, and postexercise enjoyment also lower in FAST (p < .01). Fasted evening exercise reduced net energy intake and increased fat oxidation compared to exercise performed 2 hr after a meal. However, fasting also reduced voluntary performance, motivation, and exercise enjoyment. Future studies are needed to examine the long-term effects of this intervention as a weight management strategy.
Sports Specialization, Physical Literacy, and Physical Activity Levels in Young Adults
Authors: McKay Chloe , Hoch Johanna M. , Hoch Matthew C. , Dlugonski Deirdre 
Published: September 2022

Context: Youth sport specialization may be associated with physical literacy and physical activity in young adulthood. The purposes of this study were to compare young adult (18–25 y) physical literacy and physical activity by high school sport specialization status and to examine the relationship between current physical activity and physical literacy. Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study design. Methods: Participants were recruited from ResearchMatch, university classes, and social media posts. Participants (N = 172; aged 22.1 [2.1] y; 80.1% female) completed the following anonymous surveys on REDCap to assess: demographics and injury history, sport specialization, physical literacy (PLAYself), and physical activity (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire). Results: When controlling for age, there were no statistically significant differences in physical literacy (F2,166 = 2.02, P = .14) or moderate to vigorous physical activity (F2,161 = 0.24, P = .79) between sport specialization groups. There was a moderate, positive relationship between physical literacy and physical activity (r = .33, P < .001). Conclusions: Young adult physical literacy and physical activity were similar regardless of youth sport specialization level. Young adult physical literacy was positively associated with physical activity. Future studies should consider physical literacy as a possible correlate of physical activity among young adults.
Male infant with Noonan syndrome withRAF-1gene mutation who survived hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-induced fatal heart failure and uncontrollable arrhythmias
Authors: Hagino Mao , Ota Chiharu , Onoki Takehiko , Iwasawa Shinya 
Published: September 2022

Noonan syndrome (NS) is a congenital disease with characteristic facial features as well as heart disease, short stature and thoracic abnormalities. More than eighty per cent of patients with NS show several cardiac disorders including pulmonary valvular stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and/or atrial septal defects. HCM is a serious cardiac comorbidity in patients with NS, especially in those who are diagnosed within 6 months of age with congestive heart failure. Arrhythmia with or without HCM in NS is a rare comorbidity with a complicated clinical course and poor prognosis.In this manuscript, we present the case of a male infant with NS withRAF1gene mutation, who showed various types of arrhythmias. He developed life-threatening heart failure and uncontrollable arrhythmias. We attempted several antiarrhythmic agents and finally controlled the arrhythmias to establish a normal sinus rhythm with a combination of amiodarone and flecainide.
Doing today’s work today: real-time data recording and rolling audit in an IVF clinic
Authors: Wood Lucy , Proudlove Nathan 
Published: September 2022

The assisted conception unit at Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust provides in vitro fertilisation treatment. A team of seven embryologists provides a routine clinical laboratory service, involving culture and storage of embryos. This requires a series of management and statutory data administration and communication tasks.We were aware that these were often done many days after clinical tasks, resulting in delays sending patient correspondence and unavailability of clinical notes for multidisciplinary team (MDT) cycle-review meetings. Embryologists also complained that transcribing data were time-consuming and duplicated across ourIDEASsoftware, spreadsheets and paper.We process-mapped our processes and gathered staff views on problems and potential solutions. The baseline average total cycle time (TCT) for completion of all administrative steps was around 17 days; data administration time (DAT, data ‘touch time’) was around 30 min per patient.We embarked on this Quality Improvemen (QI) project to reduce waste in TCT and DAT, and to have data available for patient communication and MDT deadlines. Exploration ofIDEAS’capabilities led to progressive realisation of how much could be transferred to this single data system, removing a lot of off-putting redundancy. Through this we developed a ‘to-be’ vision of all data entry being real time, as part of the clinical ‘jobs’. We conducted five Plan–Do–Study–Act cycles plus two more to test performance and sustainability as changes bedded-in and an external constraint disappeared.We have cut TCT to 0 or 1 days and DAT to around 18 min. All project metrics are reliably within our targets, and data are now always available for timely patient letters and the MDT. Other benefits include easy access for all staff to patient records and removal of paper and spreadsheets. A further, unanticipated, benefit was a switch from a tedious 2 yearly storage tank audit to a more-agreeable and safer rolling audit.
Postinfective bowel dysfunction followingCampylobacter enteritisis characterised by reduced microbiota diversity and impaired microbiota recovery
Authors: Jalanka Jonna , Gunn David , Singh Gulzar , Krishnasamy Shanthi , Lingaya Melanie , Crispie Fiona , Finnegan Laura , Cotter Paul , James Louise , Nowak Adam , Major Giles , Spiller Robin C 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesPersistent bowel dysfunction following gastroenteritis (postinfectious (PI)-BD) is well recognised, but the associated changes in microbiota remain unclear. Our aim was to define these changes after gastroenteritis caused by a single organism,Campylobacter jejuni, examining the dynamic changes in the microbiota and the impact of antibiotics.DesignA single-centre cohort study of 155 patients infected withCampylobacter jejuni. Features of the initial illness as well as current bowel symptoms and the intestinal microbiota composition were recorded soon after infection (visit 1, <40 days) as well as 40–60 days and >80 days later (visits 2 and 3). Microbiota were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsPI-BD was found in 22 of the 99 patients who completed the trial. The cases reported significantly looser stools, with more somatic and gastrointestinal symptoms. Microbiota were assessed in 22 cases who had significantly lower diversity and altered microbiota composition compared with the 44 age-matched and sex-matched controls. Moreover 60 days after infection, cases showed a significantly lower abundance of 23 taxa including phylum Firmicutes, particularly in the order Clostridiales and the familyRuminoccocaceae,increased Proteobacteria abundance and increased levels of Fusobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. The microbiota changes were linked with diet; higher fibre consumption being associated with lower levels of Gammaproteobacteria.ConclusionThe microbiota of PI-BD patients appeared more disturbed by the initial infection compared with the microbiota of those who recovered. The prebiotic effect of high fibre diets may inhibit some of the disturbances seen in PI-BD.Trial registration numberNCT02040922.
Rebound of clinical disease activity after fingolimod discontinuation? A nationwide cohort study of patients in Denmark
Authors: Framke Elisabeth , Pontieri Luigi , Bramow Stephan , Sellebjerg Finn , Magyari Melinda 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveWe investigated whether clinical rebound occurred after fingolimod discontinuation in a complete population of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in Denmark. We further identified clinical and demographical factors associated with disease reactivation after fingolimod discontinuation.MethodsThe population comprised 992 RRMS patients treated with fingolimod for 6 months or more. We estimated annualised relapse rates (ARR) before, during and after treatment. We estimated overall ARRs and ARRs stratified by disease activity before discontinuation. We calculated the proportion of patients with a higher clinical disease activity after discontinuation than before treatment start. Finally, we analysed the association between variables at discontinuation and time to first relapse after discontinuation.ResultsThe ARR 3 months after discontinuation (ARR=0.56; 95% CI=0.47 to 0.66) was statistically significantly lower (p<0.01) than the ARR 1 year before treatment (ARR=0.74; 95% CI=0.69 to 0.80). Results were similar when repeating analyses in patients with and without disease activity before discontinuation. In total, 124 patients (12.5%) had clinical rebound. Of those, 36 had no disease breakthrough before discontinuation (3.6% of total population). On treatment disease activity (HR=1.98, p<0.01), lower age (HR=0.98, p=0.01) and female sex (HR=1.68, p=0.02) were associated with a higher relapse risk after discontinuation.ConclusionsBased on average ARR levels, there was no evidence of clinical rebound after fingolimod discontinuation. In total, 12.5% of patients had clinical rebound. Only 3.6%, however, had clinical rebound without disease activity before discontinuation. Disease activity before discontinuation, female sex and younger age were statistically significantly associated with a higher relapse risk after discontinuation.
Comparative performance of composite measures from two phase III clinical trials of ixekizumab in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Coates Laura C , Smolen Josef S , Mease Philip J , Husni M. Elaine , Merola Joseph F. , Lespessailles Eric , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Macpherson Lisa , Bradley Andrew J , Bolce Rebecca , Helliwell Philip S. 
Published: September 2022

Background/objectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate relative performance of composite measures in psoriatic arthritis and assess the impact of structural damage and functional disability on outcomes during ixekizumab treatment.MethodsData from SPIRIT-P1 and SPIRIT-P2 were analysed to evaluate the effect of ixekizumab on achievement of low disease activity (LDA) and remission with the minimal disease activity (MDA) and very low disease activity (VLDA) composite, Disease Activity index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA), Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score, GRAppa Composite ScorE and modified Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (mCPDAI). Performance was compared by quantifying residual symptom burden and the impact of structural damage and functional disability.ResultsSignificantly more ixekizumab-treated patients achieved treatment targets at week 24 versus placebo assessed with all composites. More patients achieved targets assessed by mCPDAI and DAPSA than other composites. Residual disease activity was similar between composites, but residual high patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and functional disability were more frequent when assessed with mCPDAI and DAPSA. Achievement of treatment targets was reduced by high baseline levels of structural damage and functional disability.ConclusionResidual disease activity was similar in patients achieving treatment targets assessed with all composites, but residual high PROs and functional disability were more common when assessed with mCPDAI and DAPSA, most likely due to the absence/attenuated functional assessment in these composites. High baseline levels of structural damage and functional disability attenuated response rates with all composites, affecting MDA/VLDA most prominently; LDA may be the most appropriate target in these patients.Trial registration numberNCT01695239.
Search for noncommutative interactions in $$\gamma \gamma \rightarrow \gamma \gamma $$ process at the LHC
Authors: İnan S. C. , Kisselev A. V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe noncommutative QED (NCQED) has a non-Abelian nature due to the presence of 3- and 4-photon vertices in the lagrangian. Thus, NCQED predicts a new physics contribution to the $$\gamma \gamma \rightarrow \gamma \gamma $$

γ
γ
→
γ
γ

scattering already at the tree level. We have examined NCQED by studying the light-by-light process at the 14 TeV LHC with intact protons. Our results show that the NC scale up to $$\Lambda _{\mathrm {NC}} = 1.64(1.35)$$

Λ
NC

=
1.64

(
1.35
)

TeV can be probed in the $$pp\rightarrow p(\gamma \gamma )p \rightarrow p'(\gamma \gamma )p'$$

p
p
→
p

(
γ
γ
)

p
→

p
′

(
γ
γ
)

p
′

collision for the time-space (space-space) NC parameters. These bounds are stronger than the limits that can be obtained in the light-by-light scattering at high energy linear colliders.