bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood product availability in the Washington state trauma system
Authors: Ali Mohamed , Liu Zhinan , Taylor Mark , Orcutt Tim , Bledsoe Anthony , Phuong Jimmy , Stansbury Lynn G. , Arbabi Saman , Robinson Bryce R. H. , Bulger Eileen , Vavilala Monica S. , Hess John R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly transfusion can prolong life in injured patients awaiting definitive hemorrhage control. We conducted a community resources assessment of blood product availability at hospitals within the Washington State (WA) Regional Trauma System, with the expectation that a minority of Level IV and V centers would have blood products routinely available for use in resuscitation.MethodsWe designed a questionnaire soliciting information on routinely available unit quantities of red blood cells (RBC), plasma, platelets, cryoprecipitate, and/or whole blood and submitted this questionnaire electronically to the 82 WA designated trauma centers (Levels I–V). Non‐responders were contacted directly by telephone. The study was conducted in September and October 2021. US 2020 census data were used to correlate results with local population densities.ResultsFirst‐round contact netted responses from 57 (70%) centers; the remaining centers provided information via telephone, for a 100% final response. Packed RBC were available in 79 of the 82 centers (96%; range 6–220 units); plasma, 62 centers (76%, range 1–100 units); platelets, 40 centers (49%, range 1–8 units); cryoprecipitate, 45 centers (55%, range 1–20 units). Whole blood was only available at the Level I center. Three Level V centers, located in 2 of the 8 WA state trauma regions, reported no routine blood availability. The two trauma regions affected represent 12% of the state's population and more than a third of its geographic area.ConclusionsWithin the WA regional trauma system, blood products are wide, if unevenly, available. Large urban/rural disparities in availability exist that should be explored.
High-Temperature Thermal Transport Properties of Multifunctional PTFE/PEEK-Matrix Composite With Short Carbon Fibers and Graphite Flakes
Authors: Santos Salvador Mendez , Qu Shuren , Wang Su Su 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A combined experimental and theoretical investigation is conducted on elevated-temperature thermal transport properties of a multifunctional polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) matrix composite containing short carbon fibers and graphite flakes. In experiments, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and optical microscopy are used to determine morphologies and microstructure of neat PTFE and PEEK polymers, PTFE/PEEK blend, and individual PTFE and PEEK phases in the carbon fiber (CF)Gr/PTFE/PEEK composite. Microstructure parameters determined are used in subsequent analytical modeling and predictions. Effective heat capacity and thermal conductivities of the composite and its polymer matrix are determined by a modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) method with temperature up to 225 °C. The results show that thermal transport properties of the composite are significantly affected by temperature and polymer transitions. The carbon fibers and graphite in the composite improve its mechanical and tribological performance and also enhances heat conduction. Thermal diffusivity of the composite, however, is governed by the PTFE/PEEK matrix due to its high thermal capacity. In the theoretical/analytical study, thermodynamic considerations are made at both molecular and micromechanical levels. Theoretical models and micromechanics analyses are used to determine effective thermal transport properties of the composite. The results clarify the roles of individual constituents and temperature effects on the composite thermal transport. Thermal percolation predictions compare well with experimental data; they also reveal that 10% (by volume) graphite lubricant in the carbon fiber-reinforced PTFE/PEEK composite leads to formation of effective thermal conductive networks, which rapidly increases thermal percolation due to their high efficiency of thermal transport.
A Multiple Nodes Model for Journal Bearing Considering the Distributed Supporting Effect and the Shaft Deformation
Authors: Huang Xun , Xu Ge , Jiang Shuyun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Journal bearing reaction is usually represented by a set of forces and moments concentrated at a single point. This single point support model cannot be utilized to describe the behavior of fairly long bearing. This technical brief proposes a multiple nodes model for the long bearing considering the distributed characteristics of bearing reaction and the effect of shaft deformation. The static behaviors of a rotor-bearing case with the proposed multiple nodes model are compared with those of the other three typical models. The result shows that the proposed multiple nodes model is practical for the analysis of the rotor system with a fairly long bearing, and the distributed effect of bearing reaction should be considered when the ratio of bearing length to the half of rotor length exceeds 0.2.
Experimental Study of Frequency Control of LaSMP Laminated Beams
Authors: Li Huiyu , Wang Dan , Tzou Hornsen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLight-activated shape memory polymers (LaSMPs) exhibit stiffness variations when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) lights. Thus, LaSMP could manipulate structural frequencies with UV light exposures when laminated on structures. This study aims to experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of LaSMP frequency control of a flexible beam. The natural frequency of a three-layered Euler–Bernoulli beam composed of LaSMP, adhesive tape, and the flexible beam is analyzed and its frequency formulation exhibits the LaSMP stiffness influence. Since the LaSMP adopted in this study is a new spiropyran-based composition—Sp3/EVA_4, a generic Young’s modulus model is proposed and then simplified to model this new LaSMP composition. To guarantee a homogenous light field, light intensities on the UV surface light source at different positions are tested. The temperature change of the LaSMP sample under UV exposures is also measured. The time constant and the threshold intensity of the reverse reaction are measured. LaSMP Young’s modulus variation is tested with a uniaxial tension experiment. The constitutive model of LaSMP’s Young’s modulus is validated by experimental data. With these preparations, the LaSMP laminated flexible beam model is exposed to UV lights and its natural frequencies are identified with data acquisition and analysis system. Then, natural frequency variations of 25%, 50%, 75%, to 100% exposure areas are also evaluated. The maximum natural frequency variation ratio achieves 9.7%; theoretical predictions and experimental data of LaSMP natural frequency control are compared very well.
Kinematic evolution of the central Andean retroarc thrust belt in northwestern Argentina and implications for coupling between shortening and crustal thickening
Authors: Henriquez Susana , DeCelles Peter G. , Carrapa Barbara , Hughes Amanda N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Andes are the culmination of shortening and crustal thickening that commenced during Late Cretaceous time. First-order questions regarding the tectonic evolution of the central Andes include the magnitude and timing of shortening, and controls on the along-strike variability in observed styles of shortening and deformation. Along-strike differences in the time of surface uplift have spawned two contrasting hypotheses: (1) uplift is related to dynamic and isostatic processes accompanying lithospheric removal and is decoupled in space and time from crustal thickening and shortening, and (2) uplift is directly coupled with shortening and crustal thickening. Although considerable work has been done in Bolivia to address these hypotheses, work in northern Argentina has not yet produced a transorogenic balanced structural cross section from which the total amount and kinematic history of shortening can be evaluated. To help understand the evolution of the thrust belt in northernmost Argentina, we present a regional, retrodeformable cross section at 23°–24°S across the Puna and Eastern Cordillera. New apatite fission-track thermochronological data integrated with other geochronological, sedimentological, and structural data constrain incremental retrodeformation of the cross section between ca. 45 and 6.5 Ma. Regional shortening was facilitated by at least 12 major thrust systems, linked to a regional mid-crustal décollement. Deformation generally propagated eastward through time and involved two major episodes of eastward advance of the orogenic front, separated by periods of internal out-of-sequence shortening and kinematic stagnation of the orogenic front. A new minimum estimate of ∼271 km of total shortening from the Cordillera de Domeyko to the eastern orogenic front explains crustal thickening at northern Puna latitudes. Together with previously published paleoaltimetry data, our new structural and thermochronologic data indicate that regional uplift in the northern Argentine Puna and Eastern Cordillera was synchronous with, and thus directly linked to, crustal shortening and thickening.
Pothole-like depressions in the chamber floor of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Canada
Authors: Chistyakova S.Yu. , Latypov R.M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The magmatic stratigraphy of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (Canada) is thought to have resulted from closed-system differentiation of an initially homogeneous impact melt sheet. The topography of its upward-growing chamber floor is therefore thought to have been planar and subhorizontal. However, we report on the discovery of a large pothole-like depression (~300 m in depth and ~550 m in width) in the chamber floor of this complex. The depression has been revealed through two-dimensional mapping of igneous layering that is defined by systematic vertical changes in cumulus assemblages and bulk rock chemistry. Although the formation of the depression by syn- to post-magmatic folding and/or slumping of chamber floor cumulates cannot be completely excluded, we favor an alternative explanation that follows from the recent recognition that the Sudbury Igneous Complex melt sheet crystallized concurrently from the floor and roof inward. The roof sequence was subsequently disrupted and collapsed as large discrete blocks onto the floor sequence. This may have resulted in local irregularities in topography of the upward-growing chamber floor so that crystal deposition onto and between the neighboring blocks produced pothole-like depressions. The phenomenon of physical disruption of roof sequences appears to provide a reasonable explanation for the common lack of the rocks that grew from the roof downward in layered intrusions.
Supplemental Material: Mafic magma-driven magmatic processes and compositional variation in granitic pluton construction: The Buya intrusion of West Kunlun, Northwestern China
Authors: Wang C. , al. et 
Published: April 2022

<p>Item A: Methods and Figures S1 and S2. Item B: MCS output data and related illustrations. Table S1: LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb isotope data of zircon. Table S2: LA-MC-ICPMS Lu-Hf isotope data of zircon. Table S3: Major- and trace-element analytical data of the Buya pluton. Table S4: Major- and trace-element analytical data of the Buya pluton. </p>
Reduction of the electroweak correlation in the PDF updating by using the forward–backward asymmetry of Drell–Yan process
Authors: Yang Siqi , Fu Yao , Liu Minghui , Zhang Renyou , Hou Tie-Jiun , Wang Chen , Yin Hang , Han Liang , Yuan C.-P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose a new observable for the measurement of the forward–backward asymmetry $$(A_{FB})$$

(

A

FB

)

in Drell–Yan lepton production. At hadron colliders, the $$A_{FB}$$

A

FB

distribution is sensitive to both the electroweak (EW) fundamental parameter $$\sin ^{2} \theta _{W}$$

sin
2

θ
W

, the weak mixing angle, and the parton distribution functions (PDFs). Hence, the determination of $$\sin ^{2} \theta _{W}$$

sin
2

θ
W

and the updating of PDFs by directly using the same $$A_{FB}$$

A

FB

spectrum are strongly correlated. This correlation would introduce large bias or uncertainty into both precise measurements of EW and PDF sectors. In this article, we show that the sensitivity of $$A_{FB}$$

A

FB

on $$\sin ^{2} \theta _{W}$$

sin
2

θ
W

is dominated by its average value around the Z pole region, while the shape (or gradient) of the $$A_{FB}$$

A

FB

spectrum is insensitive to $$\sin ^{2} \theta _{W}$$

sin
2

θ
W

and contains important information on the PDF modeling. Accordingly, a new observable related to the gradient of the spectrum is introduced, and demonstrated to be able to significantly reduce the potential bias on the determination of $$\sin ^{2} \theta _{W}$$

sin
2

θ
W

when updating the PDFs using the same $$A_{FB}$$

A

FB

data.
Nonlinearities in shadowgraphy experiments on non-equilibrium fluctuations in polymer solutions
Authors: Zapf D. , Kantelhardt J. , Köhler W. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Giant thermal and solutal non-equilibrium fluctuations are observed in shadowgraphy experiments on liquid mixtures subjected to a temperature gradient. For large temperature differences, both the temperature and the composition dependence of the relevant thermophysical parameters and the nonlinear terms in the diffusion equation need to be taken into account, leading to a nonlinear concentration profile. For temperature differences exceeding the inverse of the Soret coefficient, in our example approximately 10 K, the usual data evaluation yields increasingly wrong diffusion and Soret coefficients that are off by almost a factor of two for a temperature difference of 50 K. A local model that treats the measured shadowgraph signal as a superposition of the contributions from every layer of the sample is able to capture the essential trend and yields a good agreement with experimental data. The results are important for the application of shadowgraphy as a tool for the measurement of Soret and diffusion coefficients, where large temperature gradients promise a good signal-to-noise ratio.

Graphical abstract
Predicting Characteristics Associated with Breast Cancer Survival Using Multiple Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Haque Mohammad Nazmul , Tazin Tahia , Khan Mohammad Monirujjaman , Faisal Shahla , Ibraheem Sobhee Md. , Algethami Haneen , Almalki Faris A. 
Published: April 2022

Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed female disorders globally. Numerous studies have been conducted to predict survival markers, although the majority of these analyses were conducted using simple statistical techniques. In lieu of that, this research employed machine learning approaches to develop models for identifying and visualizing relevant prognostic indications of breast cancer survival rates. A comprehensive hospital-based breast cancer dataset was collected from the National Cancer Institute’s SEER Program’s November 2017 update, which offers population-based cancer statistics. The dataset included female patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2010 with infiltrating duct and lobular carcinoma breast cancer (SEER primary cites recode NOS histology codes 8522/3). The dataset included nine predictor factors and one predictor variable that were linked to the patients’ survival status (alive or dead). To identify important prognostic markers associated with breast cancer survival rates, prediction models were constructed using

K

-nearest neighbor (K-NN), decision tree (DT), gradient boosting (GB), random forest (RF), AdaBoost, logistic regression (LR), voting classifier, and support vector machine (SVM). All methods yielded close results in terms of model accuracy and calibration measures, with the lowest achieved from logistic regression (

accuracy
=
80.57

percent

) and the greatest acquired from the random forest (

accuracy
=
94.64

percent

). Notably, the multiple machine learning algorithms utilized in this research achieved high accuracy, suggesting that these approaches might be used as alternative prognostic tools in breast cancer survival studies, especially in the Asian area.
Uma travessia transatlântica: a primeira geração de mediadores e mediadoras da obra de Bourdieu no Brasil
Authors: Rocha Maria Eduarda da Mota 
Published: April 2022

O artigo apresenta os resultados de pesquisa sobre a participação brasileira na rede científica criada em torno de Pierre Bourdieu e seus(uas) colaboradores(as), especialmente Monique de Saint Martin, nos anos de 1970 e 1980, nos centros de pesquisa que ele dirigia. Pensando a circulação internacional das ideias a partir dos agentes, identificamos questões relativas aos três momentos decisivos da trajetória dos que introduziram a obra de Bourdieu no Brasil: 1) as suas formas de inserçã o na rede, considerando as suas relaçõ es anteriores, os vínculos institucionais, os capitais mobilizados; 2) os indícios do processo de socializaçã o dos(as) brasileiros(as) no grupo de Bourdieu formado no CSE e CSEC nas décadas de 1970 e 1980; 3) o momento de dissoluçã o da rede, que parece corresponder ao passo decisivo do envelhecimento social dos(as) brasileiros(as), quando adquiriram postos importantes no Brasil e desenvolveram seus próprios programas de pesquisa, ao tempo em que Bourdieu se tornava um “pensador global”. Utilizamos para tanto, a análise de trajetórias baseada nas cartas que ele trocou com esses agentes, catalogadas nos seus Arquivos, além de entrevistas com os/as participantes da rede, os currículos Lattes e depoimentos disponíveis em revistas e livros.
Weak Association Between Genetic Markers of Hyperuricemia and Cardiorenal Outcomes: Insights From the STANISLAS Study Cohort With a 20‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Kanbay Mehmet , Xhaard Constance , Le Floch Edith , Dandine‐Roulland Claire , Girerd Nicolas , Ferreira João Pedro , Boivin Jean‐Marc , Wagner Sandra , Bacq‐Daian Delphine , Deleuze Jean‐François , Zannad Faiez , Rossignol Patrick 
Published: April 2022

Background
Hyperuricemia is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes, although it is uncertain whether this relationship is causal in nature. This study aimed to: (1) assess the heritability of serum uric acid (SUA) levels, (2) conduct a genome‐wide association study on SUA levels, and (3) investigate the association between certain single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and target organ damage.

Methods and Results

The STANISLAS (Suivi Temporaire Annuel Non‐Invasif de la Santé des Lorrains Assurés Sociaux) study cohort is a single‐center longitudinal cohort recruited between 1993 and 1995 (visit 1), with a last visit (visit 4 [V4]) performed ≈20 years apart. Serum lipid profile, SUA, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate, 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, transthoracic echocardiography, pulse wave velocity, and genotyping for each participant were assessed at V4. A total of 1573 participants were included at V4, among whom 1417 had available SUA data at visit 1. Genome‐wide association study results highlighted multiple single‐nucleotide polymorphisms on the
SLC2A9
gene linked to SUA levels. Carriers of the most associated mutated
SLC2A9
allele (
rs16890979
) had significantly lower SUA levels. Although SUA level at V4 was highly associated with diabetes, prediabetes, higher body mass index, CRP (C‐reactive protein) levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate variation (visit 1–V4), carotid intima‐media thickness, and pulse wave velocity,
rs16890979
was only associated with higher carotid intima‐media thickness.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that
rs16890979
, a genetic determinant of SUA levels located on the
SLC2A9
gene, is associated with carotid intima‐media thickness despite significant associations between SUA levels and several clinical outcomes, thereby lending support to the hypothesis of a link between SUA and cardiovascular disease.
Coronary Flow Variations Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Affect Diastolic Nonhyperemic Pressure Ratios More Than the Whole Cycle Ratios
Authors: Aetesam‐ur‐Rahman Muhammad , Zhao Tian X. , Paques Kitty , Oliveira Joana , Khialani Bharat , Kyranis Stephen , Braganza Denise M. , Clarke Sarah C. , Bennett Martin R. , West Nick E. J. , Hoole Stephen P. 
Published: April 2022

Background
Post–percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) fractional flow reserve ≥0.90 is an accepted marker of procedural success, and a cutoff of ≥0.95 has recently been proposed for post‐PCI instantaneous wave‐free ratio. However, stability of nonhyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs) post‐PCI is not well characterized, and transient reactive submaximal hyperemia post‐PCI may affect their precision. We performed this study to assess stability and reproducibility of NHPRs post‐PCI.

Methods and Results
Fifty‐seven patients (age, 63.77±10.67 years; men, 71%) underwent hemodynamic assessment immediately post‐PCI and then after a recovery period of 10, 20, and 30 minutes and repeated at 3 months. Manual offline analysis was performed to derive resting and hyperemic pressure indexes (Pd/Pa resting pressure gradient, mathematically derived instantaneous wave‐free ratio, resting full cycle ratio, and fractional flow reserve) and microcirculatory resistances (basal microvascular resistance and index of microvascular resistance).

Transient submaximal hyperemia occurring post‐PCI was demonstrated by longer thermodilution time at 30 minutes compared with immediately post‐PCI; mean difference of thermodilution time was 0.17 seconds (95% CI, 0.07–0.26 seconds;
P
=0.04). Basal microcirculatory resistance was also higher at 30 minutes than immediately post‐PCI; mean difference of basal microvascular resistance was 10.89 mm Hg.s (95% CI, 2.25–19.52 mm Hg.s;
P
=0.04). Despite this, group analysis confirmed no significant differences in the values of resting whole cycle pressure ratios (Pd/Pa and resting full cycle ratio) as well as diastolic pressure ratios (diastolic pressure ratio and mathematically derived instantaneous wave‐free ratio). Whole cardiac cycle NHPRs demonstrated the best overall stability post‐PCI, and 1 in 5 repeated diastolic NHPRs crossed the clinical decision threshold.

Conclusions
Whole cycle NHPRs demonstrate better reproducibility and clinical precision post‐PCI than diastolic NHPRs, possibly because of less perturbation from predominantly diastolic reactive hyperemia and left ventricular stunning.

Registration

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03502083
; Unique identifier: NCT03502083 and URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03076476
; Unique identifier: NCT03076476.