bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroconversion rates among different designs of COVID-19 vaccines: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Soegiarto Gatot , Fajar Jonny Karunia , Wulandari Laksmi , Anshory Muhammad , Ilmawan Muhammad , Asmiragani Anisa , Illiyana Himma , Adam Azaria , Lamadi Sutini , Sa'adah Umi , Yuantoko Tubagus , Nanda Esi , Rachmawati Farida , Rahmadani Nabila , Talilah Randy , Katipana Madyline , Susanto Sharon , Hindom Maria , Anjasari Ufi , Hidayah Nur , Fadilla Nanda , Lekatompessy Vanela , Phoenna Uzi , Tamara Fredo , Kartini Dessy Aprilia , Mahendra Aditya Indra , Permana Andi , Pasaribu Erwin Alexander , Dhama Kuldeep , Harapan Harapan 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 vaccination program, which uses various types of vaccines, has been applied since the beginning of 2021. However, the efficacy in the context of seroconversion rate remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To assess the seroconversion rates among different COVID-19 vaccines using a network meta-analysis approach. METHODS: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted during the study period. Data of interest, such as seroconversion rate and the type of COVID-19 vaccine, were extracted from each study. The analysis was performed using single-arm analysis by calculating the cumulative seroconversion rate. A network meta-analysis was conducted using the Bayesian method. RESULTS: A total of 31 RCTs were included in our analysis. Our pooled calculation revealed that the seroconversion rates of inactivated messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), protein subunit, and vector COVID-19 vaccines during the follow-up periods were 93.2%, 93.9%, 65.3%, and 54.7%, respectively, at ≤ 15 days; 96.0%, 94.8%, 91.2%, and 89.7%, respectively, between days 16–30; and 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.5%, and 96.2%, respectively, between days 31–60.The indirect comparison revealed that in the follow-up periods of ≤ 15 and 16–30 days, the inactivated and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines had superior seroconversion rates compared with those of the protein subunit and vector vaccines. In the follow-up period of 31–60 days, the highest seroconversion rates were found in the inactivated, mRNA, and protein subunit COVID-19 vaccines. CONCLUSION: This study provides valuable information regarding the comparison of seroconversion rates of COVID-19 vaccines.
Defining the burden of febrile illness in rural South and Southeast Asia: an open letter to announce the launch of the Rural Febrile Illness project
Authors: Chandna Arjun , Chew Rusheng , Shwe Nwe Htun Nan , Peto Thomas J. , Zhang Meiwen , Liverani Marco , Brummaier Tobias , Phommasone Koukeo , Perrone Carlo , Pyae Phyo Aung , Sattabongkot Jetsumon , Roobsoong Wanlapa , Nguitragool Wang , Sen Aninda , Ibna Zaman Sazid , Sandar Zaw Aye , Batty Elizabeth , Waithira Naomi , Abdad Mohammad Yazid , Blacksell Stuart D. , Bodhidatta Ladaporn , Callery James J. , Fagnark Watcharintorn , Huangsuranun Witchayoot , Islam Shayla , Lertcharoenchoke Sanchai , Lohavittayavikant Salisa , Mukaka Mavuto , Moul Vanna , Kumer Neogi Amit , Nedsuwan Supalert , Pongvongsa Tiengkham , Ponsap Pimsiri , Richard-Greenblatt Melissa , Schilling William H.K. , Thaipadungpanit Janjira , Tripura Rupam , Dondorp Arjen M. , Mayxay Mayfong , White Nicholas J. , Nosten François , Smithuis Frank , Ashley Elizabeth A. , Maude Richard J. , Day Nicholas P.J. , Lubell Yoel 
Published: March 2022

In rural areas of South and Southeast Asia malaria is declining but febrile illnesses still account for substantial morbidity and mortality. Village health workers (VHWs) are often the first point of contact with the formal health system, and for patients with febrile illnesses they can provide early diagnosis and treatment of malaria. However, for the majority of febrile patients, VHWs lack the training, support and resources to provide further care. Consequently, treatable bacterial illnesses are missed, antibiotics are overused and poorly targeted, and patient attendance wanes along with declining malaria. This Open Letter announces the start of a new initiative, the Rural Febrile Illness (RFI) project, the first in a series of projects to be implemented as part of the South and Southeast Asian Community-based Trials Network (SEACTN) research programme. This multi-country, multi-site project will run in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand, and Myanmar. It will define the epidemiological baseline of febrile illness in nine remote and underserved areas of Asia where malaria endemicity is declining and access to health services is limited. The RFI project aims to determine the incidence, causes and outcomes of febrile illness; understand the opportunities, barriers and appetite for adjustment of the role of VHWs to include management of non-malarial febrile illnesses; and establish a network of community healthcare providers and facilities capable of implementing interventions designed to triage, diagnose and treat patients presenting with febrile illnesses within these communities in the future.
Are adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at a greater risk of developing depression? Integrative literature review
Authors: Coley Rebecca , Alnababtah Kal 
Published: March 2022

Background:The aim of this integrative literature review was to investigate the prevalence of depression in adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes within Europe and to examine the link between adults with type 2 diabetes and the risk of developing depression.Methods:An integrative literature review using the databases CINAHL, Medline and PsycInfo to retrieve the most relevant articles on adults with type 2 diabetes and the risk of developing depression.Results:Gender, age and socio-economic status may increase the risk of an adult with type 2 diabetes developing depression.Conclusion:Adults with type 2 diabetes are at a greater risk of developing depression, and factors such as age, gender and socio-economics also play a role in predicting whether a person with type 2 diabetes will develop depression. Screening tools such as Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) may be used to assess for depression within GP surgeries at the time of diagnosis with type 2 diabetes.
Prinzipien für die ethische Nutzung künstlicher Intelligenz
Authors: Barton Marie-Christin , Pöppelbuß Jens 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie voranschreitende Digitalisierung im Allgemeinen und die zunehmende Anwendung von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im gesellschaftlichen Alltag bietet einige Vorteile. Allerdings werden von verschiedenen Interessensgruppen ethische Bedenken geäußert. Damit KI langfristig angewendet und KI-Lösungen erfolgreich vertrieben werden können, ist es daher unerlässlich, dass Organisationen eine ethisch-angemessene Richtung einschlagen. So erhält das relativ neue Feld der KI-Ethik wachsendes Interesse sowohl in der Wissenschaft als auch in der Praxis. Dieser Beitrag skizziert ethische Herausforderungen, denen Organisationen begegnen und somit auch Bedenken, die in der Gesamtgesellschaft durch die Digitalisierung im KI-Zeitalter aufkommen. Diese werden auf Basis verschiedener ethischer Modelle untersucht. Zudem wird ein modifiziertes Modell mit sechs Prinzipien für die ethische Nutzung künstlicher Intelligenz vorgeschlagen. Dieses umfasst die sechs KI-Ethik-Prinzipien: Wohltätigkeit, Transparenz, Nicht-Boshaftigkeit, Autonomie, Gerechtigkeit und Datenschutz. Basierend auf diesen sechs Prinzipien werden Handlungsanweisungen im Umgang mit KI-Anwendungen skizziert.
The antipyretic effectiveness of dipyrone in the intensive care unit: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gillmann Hans-Jörg , Reichart Jessica , Leffler Andreas , Stueber Thomas 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Dipyrone (metamizol) is regularly used in critical care for pain and fever treatment, especially in Germany and Spain. However, indication for antipyretic therapy in critically ill patients is currently unclear and data for both the risk and benefit of dipyrone treatment in the intensive care environment are scarce. We hypothesized that antipyretic efficiency of dipyrone would not exceed antipyretic efficiency of acetaminophen. We therefore aimed to compare temperature courses in critically ill patients receiving either intravenous dipyrone, acetaminophen or no antipyretic medication.

Material and methods
We included 937 intensive care unit (ICU) patients with body temperature recordings of at least 37.5°C. We investigated temperature decrease associated with dipyrone or acetaminophen and additionally compared it to an untreated control group.

Results
Within the eight-hour study interval, maximum body temperature decrease in patients without antipyretic medication was -0.6°C (IQR: -1.0 to -0.4°C; n = 315). Maximal decrease in body temperature was higher both with dipyrone (-0.8°C (IQR: -1.2 to -0.4°C); p = 0.016; n = 341) and acetaminophen (-0.9°C (IQR: -1.6 to -0.6°C); p<0.001; n = 71), but did not differ between dipyrone and acetaminophen (p = 0.066). As compared to untreated patients, dipyrone only led to a marginal additional decrease in body temperature of only -0.1°C. Maximum of antipyretic effectiveness was reached four hours after administration.

Conclusion
Antipyretic effectiveness of dipyrone in ICU patients may be overestimated. Given the lack of prospective data, clinical evidence for antipyretic dipyrone therapy in the ICU is insufficient and warrants further critical evaluation.
A prevalence study in Guadalajara, Mexico, comparing tuberculin skin test and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube
Authors: Plascencia Hernández Arturo , González Sánchez Rodrigo M. , Hernández Cañaveral Iván I. , Luévanos Velázquez Antonio , Martínez Arce Pedro A. , González Díaz Alexander , Sandoval Díaz Manuel , de Armas Rodríguez Yaxsier , González Ochoa Edilberto , Pérez Gómez Héctor Raúl 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a prevalent disease throughout the world. The extent of TB illness in childhood is not clear; recent data shows that 10–20% of the cases are found in children under 15 years old. In 2017, 1 million children developed the disease, of which 9% were co-infected with HIV.MethodsA cross-sectional study that analyzed 48 children diagnosed with HIV-infection in Guadalajara, Mexico. The tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT) were performed and compared to diagnose latent TB infection (LTBI).ResultsThe average age was 9 years old (± 4), with an age range of 1–16 years; the 6-12-year-old group predominated with 50% of cases. 27 patients (56%) were male; 83% had received the BCG vaccination and 23% had a history of being contacts of TB cases. In the study, 40 patients (83%) were without immunosuppression; seven (15%) with moderate immunosuppression, and only one patient had severe immunodeficiency. Overall, 3 of the 48 children (6.2%) had a positive TST, while 8 out of 48 (16.6%) had a positive QFT. The concordance between the two tests was 89.6% (43/48) with Kappa = 0.5 (95% CI, 0.14–0.85).ConclusionsThe QFT test represents an opportunity in the diagnosis of LTBI, particularly in pediatric HIV- patients. This is the first study that compares the two tests (TST and QFT) in children with HIV-infection in Guadalajara, Mexico.
Clinical evaluation of Elecsys PIVKA-II for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kaneko Shun , Kurosaki Masayuki , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Yasui Yutaka , Hayakawa Yuka , Inada Kento , Tanaka Yuki , Ishido Shun , Kirino Sakura , Yamashita Koji , Nobusawa Tsubasa , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Kakegawa Tatsuya , Higuchi Mayu , Takaura Kenta , Tanaka Shohei , Maeyashiki Chiaki , Tamaki Nobuharu , Takahashi Yuka , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Izumi Namiki 
Published: March 2022

Background
Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) was reported as a diagnosis and prognosis marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although the development of systemic therapies for advanced HCC has been remarkable, the role of PIVKA-II is unclear. This prospective study aimed to verify Elecsys PIVKA-II compared with Lumipulse PIVKA-II in a cohort with advanced HCC undergoing systemic therapy.

Methods
A total of 62 HCC patients who were treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab (ATZ+BEV) and molecular targeted agents (MTAs) were prospectively enrolled at Musashino Red Cross Hospital from January 2020 to December 2020. A total of 208 serum samples from 52 patients were tested using Elecsys PIVKA-II and Lumipulse PIVKA-II assays. Furthermore, the relationship of Elecsys PIVKA-II and progression-free survival (PFS) was investigated with 48 patients (24 ATZ+BEV and 24 MTAs) whose Lumipulse PIVKA-II levels were >40 mAU/mL.

Results
In the test accuracy analysis, the Elecsys assay has a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.92 compared with that of the Lumipulse assay (ATZ+BEV, 0.95; MTAs, 0.91). In the PFS analysis, the number of patients who received ATZ+BEV and MTAs as first- and late-line therapy were 9 and 13, and 15 and 11, respectively. The PIVKA-II response was defined for patients who had a reduction in the Elecsys PIVKA-II level on the first month of treatment evaluation. The PFS of patients with Elecsys PIVKA-II response was significantly longer than that of nonresponse patients (5.8 months vs 3.8 months, p = 0.0205).

Conclusion
The Elecsys PIVKA-II was not only as useful as the Lumipulse PIVKA-II but also for stratifying the PFS of patients with advanced HCC.
Seroprevalence of COVID-19 infection among vaccine naïve population after the second surge (June 2020) in a rural district of South India: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: George Carolin Elizabeth , Inbaraj Leeberk Raja , Rajukutty Shon , Joan Roshni Florina , Suseeladevi Arun Karthikeyan , Muthuraj Sangeetha , Chandrasingh Sindhulina 
Published: March 2022

Objective
To determine the seroprevalence of the SARS Cov 2 infection among vaccine naive population in a rural district of South India post-second surge.

Methodology
We conducted a cross-sectional study in the five villages of a randomly chosen sub-district in the Bangalore rural district. We did house to house surveys and recruited 831 vaccine naive adults in July 2021. We tested samples for the presence of antibodies (including IgG & IgM) to SARS CoV-2 using the Roche Elecsys SARS-CoV-2 –S assay that quantifies antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein.

Results
We estimated an overall prevalence of 62.7% (95% CI: 59.3–66.0) and an age-and gender-adjusted seroprevalence of 44.9% (95% CI: 42.5–47.4). When adjusted for test performance, the seroprevalence was 74.64% (95% CI: 70.66–78.47). The case-to-undetected-infected ratio (CIR) was 1: 8.65 (95% CI 1:8.1–1:9.1), and the Infection Fatality Rate (IFR) was 16.27 per 100,00 infections as of 13 July 2021. A history of at least one symptom suggestive of COVID-19 or a positive COVID-19 test of self or a family member in the past were significantly associated with seropositivity.

Conclusion
We report a high seroprevalence of COVID-19 infection despite the advantages of low population density and well-ventilated landscapes in rural areas. CIR and IFR were higher than the previous serosurvey conducted in the same population during the first surge. The thought of achieving herd immunity comes with relief. However, it’s vital to put efforts into building population health and rural health infrastructure to avert future health catastrophes.
Utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets among pregnant women in Myanmar–analysis of the 2015–2016 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Aung Pyae Linn , Win Kyawt Mon , Show Kyaw Lwin 
Published: March 2022

Background
Due to the effectiveness of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), most malaria-endemic countries resort to free distributions in the population with particular attention to pregnant women, a more vulnerable group. However, the mere issuance of ITNs does not usually translate to proper utilization. This study aimed to examine the utilization of ITNs and its associated factors among pregnant women in Myanmar.

Methods
The data analyzed in this cross-sectional study were extracted from available survey datasets of the 2015–16 Myanmar Demographic Health Survey. The secondary data were presented using a chart, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including simple and multiple logistic regression models. All analyses were performed using STATA, Version 15. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Of 466 currently pregnant women, the majority (96%) possessed bed nets for sleeping. Among them, 15.9% slept without a bed net the night before the survey, while 65.7% slept with untreated nets. Only about 1 in 5 (18.4%) slept under ITNs. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, pregnant women residing in delta and lowland regions [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 7.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.62, 16.38], plains (aOR = 7.09, 95%CI: 3.09, 16.25) or hilly areas (aOR = 4.26, 95%CI: 1.91, 9.52) were more likely to report non-utilization of ITNs than those residing in coastal regions.

Conclusion
Relatively poor ITN utilization was observed among pregnant women in Myanmar. Health promotion activities for ITN utilization should be implemented especially for pregnant women residing in the delta, lowland, plain and hilly regions. Other social-behavioral factors including perceived susceptibility to malaria, knowledge of ITNs, and attitude towards ITN that might favor the non-utilization of ITNs need to be further explored.
Prevalensi Penyakit Karang di Pulau Menjangan Besar Karimunjawa
Authors: Nursalim Nining , Trianto Agus , Bahry Muhammad Syaifudien , Haryanti Dwi , Ario Raden , Siagian Raja Aditia Sahala , Prasetyo Akhmad Tri 
Published: March 2022

Coral disease can cause coral damage on Menjangan Besar Island, Karimunjawa. Floating net cages adjacent to coral reefs can affect coral health. Floating net cages can affect water quality by adding nutrients, such as nitrate (205.6 and phosphate 39.2/ton fish production). Nutrients and environmental factors can trigger and cause coral disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the existence of floating net cages on the prevalence of coral disease on Menjangan Besar Island, Karimunjawa. The research was conducted using a survey method, data collection using a proportional method, the results of the data will be analyzed descriptively. The results of the study found Black Band Disease, Brown Band Disease, Ulcerative White Pox, White syndrome, Yellow Bloch Disease, Pigmentation responses, White Plague and White Band Disease. Water parameters such as temperature ranged from 30.71-30.750C, salinity 32.7-33.20/00, current velocity 0.03-0.06 m/s, nitrate 0.586-1,128 mg/L and phosphate 0.064-0.133 mg/ L. The most common disease is Ulcerative White Pox. The prevalence of coral disease is influenced by the presence of floating net cages, it can be seen in A1, A2 and A3 with prevalence values (39.85, 43.61 and 33.14) which are higher than B1 and B2 (14.41 and 10,6). Penyakit karang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan karang di Pulau Menjangan Besar Karimunjawa. Karamba jaring apung yang berdampingan dengan terumbu karang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan karang. Karamba jaring apung dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air dengan menambah nutrien, seperti Nitrat (205,6 dan fosfat 39,2/ton produksi ikan. Nutrien dan faktor lingkungan dapat menjadi pemicu dan penyebab penyakit karang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh keberadaan karamba jaring apung terhadap prevelensi penyakit karang di Pulau Menjangan Besar Karimunjawa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei, pengambilan data dengan metode porposif, hasil data akan disanalisis secara deskiptif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan penyakit Black Band Disease, Brown Band Disease, Ulcerative White Pox, White syndrome, Yellow Bloch Disease, Pigmentation responses, White Plague dan White Band Disease. Parameter perairan seperti temperatur berkisar 30,71-30,750C, salinitas 32,7-33,20/00, kecepatan arus 0,03-0,06 m/s, nitrat 0,586-1,128 mg/L dan fosfat 0,064-0,133 mg/L. Penyakit paling banyak ditemukan adalah Ulcerative White Pox. Prevelensi penyakit karang dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan karamba jaring apung, dapat terlihat pada A1, A2 dan A3 dengan nilai prevalensi (39,85, 43,61 dan 33,14) yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan B1 dan B2 (14,41 dan 10,6).
Distributed optimization methods for N-cluster games
Authors: Tatarenko Tatiana , Zimmermann Jan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This work provides methodological approaches to solve convex optimization problems arising in multi-agent systems which can be reformulated in terms of a so called N-cluster game. We consider different settings of information available to each agent in the system. First, we present a centralized algorithm, which requires a central coordinator having full access to information about agents’ actions and gradients of their cost functions, to demonstrate how the standard gradient descent method can be applied to achieve an optimal output in N-cluster games. After that we relax the full information setting and assume that only partial information is available to each agent. Focus lies on the following two cases. In the first case, the agents have access to their gradient functions and are allowed to exchange information with their local neighbors over a communication graph that connects the whole system. In the second case, the agents do not know the functional form of their objectives/gradients and can only access the current values of their objective functions at some query point. Moreover, the agents are allowed to communicate only with their local neighbors within the cluster to which they belong. For both settings we present the convergent optimization procedures and analyse their efficiency in simulations.
Dynamische visuelle Passermarken
Authors: Acuna Raul , Willert Volker 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird ein Design für eine visuelle Passermarke zur Posenschätzung von Kameras vorgestellt, die sogenannte Dynamische Passermarke. Die Passermarke wird auf einem Anzeigegerät dargestellt und passt ihr Aussehen an die räumlichen und zeitlichen Anforderungen der visuellen Wahrnehmungsaufgabe an. Dies ist vor allem für mobile Roboter von Vorteil, die eine Kamera als Sensor verwenden. Es wird eine Regelung entworfen, die das Aussehen der Passermarke in Abhängigkeit der aktuellen Pose der Kamera verändert, um den Erfassungsbereich der Kamera für die Posenschätzung zu vergrößern und eine höhere Genauigkeit der Posenschätzung im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen passiven Passermarken zu erreichen.
Experimentally investigating comparison between the behavior of fibrous concrete slabs with steel stiffeners and reinforced concrete slabs under dynamic–static loads
Authors: Ali Adnan Al Zahid , Ahmed Kamil Al Kulabi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThree scaled concrete slabs were cast and tested till failure under drop-weight impacts and static loads, sequentially. Two of the three slabs contained 0.5% steel fiber while the third slab was constructed by using only steel bar reinforcement (i.e., ordinary reinforced concrete). The obtained data from the testing program were used to distinguish between the performance of traditional reinforced concrete and steel fiber concrete slabs under impacting and static weights and to establish a data base for the upcoming studies pertaining to this research area. The test results and observations showed that the extension of steel fiber to the ingredients of concrete was efficient in decreasing crack widths and softening local damage under dynamic and static loads. On the other hand, reinforcement was more effective in increasing slab capacity than steel stiffeners, consequently different failure modes were observed.