bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Bridge Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Cai Mei-lian , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Myocardial bridging (MB) is a congenital coronary artery malformation. Various clinical symptoms related to MB have been reported, however, subxiphoid pain has rarely been reported. Moreover, it is rarer for electrocardiography (ECG) to show such obvious ischaemia in patients with MB.Case presentation: We report a 36-year-old man who presented with subxiphoid pain. Electrocardiography showed ST segment depression and T-wave inversion with symmetry in leads V2 to V6. Emergency coronary angiography (CAG) confirmed that it was caused by MB.Results: CAG showed MB of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery with a 1.5 cm intramural segment, and that the vascular lumen was compressed 80% during systole. At the same time, gastroscopy showed peripyloric and antral ulcers. The patient received calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and peptic ulcerrelated drug treatment then, the symptoms disappeared.Conclusion: The ECG showed obvious myocardial ischaemia. MB may have been one of the reasons for ischaemia. When the heart contracts, the MB compresses the mural coronary artery and further narrows its lumen. The longer and thicker the MB is, the greater the angle between myocardial fibres and blood vessels, the more severe the mural coronary artery stenosis, the more severe the distal myocardial ischaemia.
An Infrared Absorption Study of Powerful Solvent Systems Useful for the Solution Synthesis of Sparingly Soluble Peptides
Authors: Moretto Vittorio , Formaggio Fernando , Crisma Marco , Toniolo Claudio , Bodi Joze'f , Kimura Terutoshi , Sakakibara Shumpei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The remarkable {3-sheet forming properties of the sparingly soluble, fully blocked dipeptide Ac-L-Ala-L­
Thr(Palm)-NH2 were investigated in a variety of solvent mixtures by IR absorption . lri particular, it was found that mixtures of halohydrocarbons and haloalcohols are extremely efficient for disrupting self­ association and enhancing solubility of this peptide model compound.
Activity of the Stable Intermediate form of Heat Treated Ricin B-Chain
Authors: Tonevitsky Alexander G. , Bushueva Tatyana L. , Bushuev Valeriy N. , Agapov Igor I. , Sweeney Edel C. , Palmer Rex A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Intrinsic fluorescence and NMR-spectroscopy demonstrate that heat treatment of the ricin carbohydrate binding subunit (RTB) leads to partial unfolding to an intermediate stable state with enhanced amino acid side chain mobility and a redistribution of surface charges. RTB continues to facilitate transmembrane translocation of the enzymatically active ricin subunit (RTA) although its lectin activity and ability to interact with RTA are dramaticaJiy reduced following this thermal modification. The proposal that RTB potentiates membrane translocation of the A-chain in this intermediate folded state is discussed.
Sequence of Schistosoma Mansoni Cathepsin C and its Structural Comparison with Papain and Cathepsins B and L of the Parasite
Authors: Butler Richard , Michel Anja , Kunz Werner , Klinkert Mo-Quen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
TI1e deduced amino acid sequence of a Schistosoma mm1.wni cDNA encoding cathepsin C is 30 % identical to cathepsins B and L of the parasite. Molecular model structures of cathepsins C and L were compared with the crystal structures of papain and human liver cathepsin B as well as with a previously established model of schistosoine cathepsin B. All three parasite cysteine proteases show strong similarities to papain and human liver cathepsin B, but with several individual differences, also in their probable interactions with peptidyl substrates.
Crystallization and Characterisation Of A Rubidium Chloride Complex of Gramicidin
Authors: Doyle Declan A. , Wallace B. A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The linear hydrophobic polypeptide gramicidin forms monovalent cation channels in membranes. Here we report a new tetragonal crystal form of gramicidin in
complex with rubidium chloride. The unit cell dimensions are a = b = 17.7 A, c = 92.5 A and the space group is consistent with either of the enantiomorphic groups P4122 or P4322. It is proposed that the unit cell contains four helical dimers, each approximately 23 A in length. The conformation of gramicidin in this crystal form must have considerable backbone distortions and be very different from that in any other gramicidin crystals prepared to date.
Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis in Children: A Comprehensive
Review
Authors: Brant Pinheiro Sérgio Veloso , de Freitas Victor Buchini , de Castro Gustavo Valverde , Rufino Madeiro Beatriz Cronemberger , de Araújo Stanley Almeida , Silva Ribeiro Thomas Felipe , Simões e Silva Ana Cristina 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is an immune-
complex (ICs) mediated glomerular disease triggered by group A β-hemolytic
streptococcus (GAS) or Streptococcus pyogenes infections. APSGN represents a major
cause of acquired kidney injury in children.

Methods:
This non-systematic review summarizes recent evidence on APSGN. We discuss
the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical and laboratory findings, histopathology,
treatment and prognosis of the disease.

Results:
The median APSGN incidence in children in developing countries is estimated
at 24.3/100,000 per year, compared with 6.2/100,000 per year in developed countries.
Nephritis-associated plasmin receptor, identified as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
and the cationic cysteine proteinase streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B are
thought to be two leading streptococcal antigens involved in the pathogenesis of APSGN,
which activate the complement system, mainly via the alternative but also the lectin
pathway. This process is critical for the generation of inflammation by the ICs deposited
in the glomerulus. The classic phenotype is an acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
leading to features of the nephritic syndrome, including hematuria, oliguria,
hypertension and edema. The histopathology shows that the glomeruli are diffusely affected,
mostly presenting enlarged glomerular tuffs due to hypercellularity. Proliferative
endothelial and mesangial cells and inflammation have also been observed. APSGN frequently
has spontaneous recovery. There is no specific therapy, but its morbidity and
mortality are drastically reduced by the prevention and/or treatment of complications.

Conclusion:
Despite recent advances, the pathogenesis of APSGN is not fully understood.
There is no specific treatment for APSGN. The prognosis is generally good. However,
some cases may evolve into chronic kidney disease.
Post-lockdown Rebounding High-risk Behaviors and HIV Testing Among
MSM in China in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Li Xianhong , Yang Jiahui , Yi Mengyao , Qian Han-Zhu , Chen Yuqing , Zhou Qidi 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Lockdown measures for controlling the COVID-19 epidemic were enforced
in China between January and May 2020. Previous studies showed a decrease in HIV highrisk
behaviors (HRBs) and updated testing during the lockdown, but little is known about these behaviors
during the post-lockdown period.

Objective:
We conducted quantitative and qualitative assessments of HIV-related behaviors among
MSM during the lockdown and post-lockdown periods in Changsha, south-central China.

Methods:
Face-to-face structured interviews with open-ended questions were conducted using the
TimeLine Follow Back (TLFB) method for collecting retrospective data on frequencies of HRBs
and testing. McNemar’s Chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to comparing frequencies
of behaviors between lockdown (January-May 2020) and post-lockdown periods (June-
October 2020). Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data on the reasons for rebounding
HRBs and testing.

Results:
Of 159 MSM participants, 64% had at least one HRB during the post-lockdown period.
Men had increased condomless sex (from 24% to 35%), multiple partners (23% to 35%), and substance
abuse (16% to 27%) between the two study periods due to the negative emotions and increased
use of social networks during the lockdown. HIV testing frequency also increased from
37% to 66% due to resuming routine testing services in the community-based organizations and increased
HRBs among MSM during post-lockdown.

Conclusions:
After lifting the lockdown measures, MSM had rebounding HRBs and uptake of testing.
Effective preventive measures and healthcare services should be available to MSM after the
lockdown measures are lifted.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Spiro[4H-pyran-3,3’-oxindoles] Catalyzed by Tröger's Base Derivative
Authors: Liu Run-xin , Liang Yan-ni , Ren Xuan-xuan , Wu Qian-qian , Huang Can , Cao Shi-nian , Wan Yu , Zhou Sheng-liang , Yuan Rui , Wu Hui 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Two classes of spiro[4H-pyran-3,3’-oxindole] derivatives were prepared via the one pot reaction of chain diketones (1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione or dibenzoyl methane), substituted isatins and malononitrile successfully catalyzed by a Tröger’s base derivative 1b (5,12-dimethyl-3,10-diphenyl-bis-1H-pyrazol[b,f][4,5]-1,5-diazadicyclo[3.3.1]-2,6-octadiene). The antibacterial activity of products against three wild-type bacteria (B. subtilis, S. aureus, and E. coli) and two resistant strains (Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (18H8) and E. coli carrying the BlaNDM-1 gene (18H5)) was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concen-tration (MIC).

Methods:
1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione 2 or dibenzoylmethane 2' (0.42 mmol), substituted isatin 3 (0.4 mmol), malononitrile 4 (0.8 mmol), Tröger's base derivative 1b (0.08 mmol), and 10 mL of acetonitrile were added to a 50 mL round bottom flask and refluxed. After the completion (TLC monitoring), water (10 mL) was added to the reaction mixture; pH = 7 was adjusted with saturated NaHCO3 (aq.), and the mixture was ex-tracted with CH2Cl2 (50 mL × 3). Organic layers were combined and dried with anhydrous Na2SO4; the solvent was removed under vacuum, and the residue was purified by column chromatography (VDCM: VMeOH = 80: 1) to afford product 5. The antibacterial activity was tested by the MTT method.

Results:
Seventeen spiro[4H-pyran-3,3’-oxindole] derivatives were synthesized through the reaction of chain diketones (1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione or dibenzoyl methane), substituted isatins, and malononitrile in one-pot in medium to high yields. Four compounds showed antibacterial activity, and two of them showed the same activity as the positive control Ceftazidime on S. aureus (MIC = 12.5 μg/mL).

Conclusion:
Two classes of spiro[4H-pyran-3,3’-oxindole] derivatives were prepared, and their antibacterial activity was evaluated. Tröger’s base derivative 1b (5,12-dimethyl-3,10-diphenyl-bis-1H-pyrazol[b,f][4,5]-1,5-diazadicyclo[3,3,1]-2,6-octadiene) was used as an efficient organocatalyst for the reaction of low reac-tive chain diketones (1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione or dibenzoyl methane), substituted isatins, and malononitrile in one-pot successfully and effectively by providing multiple active sites and alkaline environment. By the theoretical calculation, we explained the possible reaction sequence and mechanism. Due to the superiority and high efficiency of the TB framework as an organocatalyst, the reaction showed many advantages, in-cluding mild reaction conditions, low catalyst loading, and a wide substrate range. It expanded the application of Tröger’s base to the multicomponent reaction in organocatalysis. Some products were screened due to their high antibacterial activity in vitro, showing their potential in new antibacterial drug development.
Current Practice and Controversies in Screening for Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Huda M.S. Bobby , Mallik Ritwika 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with fetal and maternal complications, and the prevalence has been increasing over the past decades. Hence, it is imperative to effectively screen, manage and monitor patients with GDM but there continues to be a lack of consensus on optimal screening for GDM internationally. In this review, we discuss the current screening methods for GDM, some of which are controversial and vary across several different healthcare systems. We also discuss the changes adapted to these guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic and review novel approaches to the screening of GDM.
The Role of Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase IV(PADI4) in Cancers
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Wu Xiangmei , Wang Yuji 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Peptidyl arginine deiminase IV (PADI4, also called PAD4), a Ca2+-dependent posttranslational
modification enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of arginine residues to non-coded citrulline residues.
Dysregulation of PADI4 is involved in a variety of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis
(MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and many kinds of malignant tumors.

Objective:
The roles of PADI4 in different tumors and the underlying molecular mechanisms are presented in this
article.

Results:
PADI4-mediated citrullination is associated with either transcriptional activation or repression in different
contexts. Abnormal expression of PADI4 exists in a variety of malignant tumors and affects tumor progression and
metastasis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may be
the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Conclusion:
PADI4 plays crucial role in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors, and PADI4 may be
an effective biomarker for cancer prognosis and a potential target for cancer treatment.
News Coverage of Colorectal Cancer on Google News: Descriptive Study
Authors: Basch Corey H , Hillyer Grace C , Jacques Erin T 
Published: June 2022

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the United States. The incidence and prevalence of CRC have historically increased with age. Although rates of CRC in the United States have been decreasing over the past decades among those aged ≥65 years, there has been an uptick among those in younger age brackets. Google News is one of the biggest traffic drivers to top news sites. It aggregates and shares news highlights from multiple sources worldwide and organizes them by content type. Despite the widespread use of Google News, research is lacking on the type of CRC content represented in this news source.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to analyze content related to CRC screening and prevention in Google News articles published during National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month (March 2022).

Methods
Data collection for this cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2022—National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. Using the term colorectal cancer, 100 English-language Google News articles were extracted and coded for content. A combined approach—deductive and inductive coding—was utilized. Descriptive analyses were conducted, and frequency distributions were reported. Univariable analyses were performed to assess differences between articles that mentioned CRC screening and those that did not via chi-square tests.

Results
Of the 100 articles reviewed, nearly half (n=49, 49%) were created by health news organizations, and another 27% (n=27) were created by television news services. The predominant themes in the content included age at the onset of disease (n=59, 59%), mortality related to CRC (n=57, 57%), and the severity of disease (n=50, 50%). Only 18% (n=18) of articles discussed CRC disparities, 23% (n=23) mentioned that there are hereditary forms of the disease, 36% (n=36) spoke of colonoscopy to screen for the disease, and 37% (n=37) mentioned how the disease is treated. Although most articles mentioned CRC screening (n=61, 61%), it was striking that sex was only mentioned in 34% (21/61) of these articles, colonoscopy was mentioned in 46% (28/61), and diet was mentioned in 30% (18/61).

Conclusions
Heightening the public’s awareness of this disease is important, but it is critical that messages related to how preventable this cancer is, who is the most likely to develop CRC, and what can be done to detect it in the early stages when the disease is the most curable be the critical elements of dialogue, particularly during National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. There is a need to disseminate information about early-onset CRC and the importance of screening, especially among populations with low rates of uptake. Web-based news is potentially an underutilized communication mechanism for promoting CRC screenings as secondary prevention measures for high-risk groups.
Effects of Motivation, Knowledge, and Skills of Lung Tuberculosis Officers on Case Detection Rate of Health Centers
Authors: Purnaningsih Margareta Suhanika , Setiawati Elsa Pudji , Mutyara Kuswandewi 
Published: June 2022

Background: One of the main indicators of tuberculosis prevention is the Case Detection Rate (CDR). The CDR of health centers in East Lampung Regency in 2017 was 24.8% which is still below the national standard. Case finding was still being done passively and suspect screening in several health centers was found lacking attention to the patient's medical history. Accordingly, increasing CDR needs improvement efforts to be strongly influenced by tuberculosis officers.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effects of motivation, knowledge and skills of tuberculosis Officers on CDRs of community health centers in East Lampung Regency.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional quantitative study with total sampling. Data were obtained from questionnaires, checklists and secondary data from community health centers and East Lampung District Health Office. Respondents are 34 community health centers in Lampung Timur represented by 89 officers. Dependent variable was CDR while motivation, knowledge, and skills were the independent variables. The data were analyzed by Rank Spearman tests and multiple linear regression methods.Results: Respondents showed they were lacking in motivation, good knowledge and skills. Rank Spearman correlation coefficient ranged between 0.665 to 0.696 with sig.=0,000. Regression sig values were 0.000 for motivation, 0.0962 for knowledge and 0.001 for skills. Adjusted R square was 0.703, while regression coefficient was 2.872 for motivation and 1.196 for skills.Conclusion: There were significant correlations between motivation, knowledge and skills with CSRs of community health centers in East Lampung Regency. Knowledge had no effect on CSR but motivation and skills have a significant effect partially and simultaneously. Motivation contributed the biggest effect.
Managing Rare Disease for Practicing Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Mahendra Cipta 
Published: June 2022

Primary care physicians (PCPs) are trained to provide care for a wide scope of medical conditions within their patient population. They are supposed to be the very first healthcare provider the patient should visit when having an illness. Accordingly, it is customary for PCPs to encounter many types of patient cases in their practice. In addition to common diseases, some patients may present with symptoms of a rare disease (RD).Unfortunately, PCPs often lack knowledge to promptly detect and manage the patients with such disease. A research from Ireland reveals that only a third of PCPs were able to establish a diagnosis for RD and refer the patient to the appropriate specialist1. In Spain, more than half the PCPs were deemed fair or poor in knowledge of RD2. Similar result was also obtained from an expert survey in Belgium, stating that the basic RD knowledge of most PCPs in the country is low3. It is therefore justifiable for Evans to say that many patients with RD are un- or misdiagnosed4 and thus, it may take years to finally get a correct diagnosis3. In Indonesia, there has been no published local- or nationwide research surveying the PCP’s knowledge concerning presentations of RD.
Maternal Mortality Care / 3 Overdue 4 Overly
Authors: Quranayati Quranayati 
Published: June 2022

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive condition that occurs in pregnant women whose gestational age has reached 20 weeks or after delivery who previously had normal blood pressure and increased to 140/90 mmHg or more. Preeclampsia condition is a vasospastic disease that involves many systems and is characterized by hemoconcentration, hypertension, and proteinuria >300 mg/24 hours. These symptoms can be seen during pregnancy, childbirth and in the puerperium which can be accompanied by convulsions and coma. Preeclampsia is one of the causes of maternal and perinatal mortality, and can be detected at gestational age >34 weeks with blood pressure < 140 /110 mmHg, then the patient may have preeclampsia.
Hubungan Lama Penggunaan Gawai Dengan Gangguan Pola Tidur Pada Siswa Siswi Di SMA Negeri Kota Jambi
Authors: Destina Yesi , Anita Sari Lisa , Octavia Dian 
Published: June 2022

Sleep needs that are not met will have an impact on the physical and psychological aspects. Using gadgets for too long is one of the factors that can affect the lack of fulfillment of adolescent sleep needs. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between gadget use and disturbed sleep patterns in students. This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional design, the sampling technique is proportional random sampling technique. This research was conducted in July 2021. The data was obtained by using a questionnaire distributed via the google form link. Data were analyzed univariate and bivariate using Chi-Square test. The results of the univariate analysis showed that most of the respondents experienced severe sleep pattern disorders as much as 68.7%, most of the respondents' use of gadgets was high as much as 53.3%. Bivariate analysis showed p-value was 0.000 (p <0.05). So it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the use of gadgets and sleep pattern disorders in students at SMAN Jambi in 2021. It is hoped that the school will cooperate with the relevant health department to conduct counseling on a scheduled and regular basis about the use of gadgets and disturbed sleep patterns in students. /I to increase the knowledge of adolescents and conduct counseling about the health of the use of gadgets and the problem of sleep disturbances at school.
Abstrak
Kebutuhan tidur yang tidak terpenuhi akan berdampak pada segi fisik maupun psikis. Menggunakan gawai yang terlalu lama adalah salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kurangnya pemenuhan kebutuhan tidur remaja. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan gawai dengan gangguan pola tidur pada siswa/i. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional, teknik pengambilan sampel dengan teknik proporsional random sampling. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan Juli tahun 2021. Data diperoleh dengan cara menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan melalui link google form. Data dianalisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil analisa univariat menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar responden mengalami gangguan pola tidur berat sebanyak 68,7%, sebagian besar penggunaan gawai responden adalah tinggi sebanyak 53,3%. Analisa bivariat menunjukan p-value adalah 0,000 (p <0.05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan anatarapenggunaan gawai dengan gangguan pola tidur pada siswa/i di SMAN Jambi Tahun 2021. Diharapkan agar pihak sekolah bekerja sama dengan dinas kesehatan terkait untuk melakukan penyuluhan secara terjadwal dan berkala tentang penggunaan gawai dan ganggaun pola tidur pada siswa/i untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja serta melakukan konsul tentang kesehatan penggunaan gawai dan masalah gangguan pola tidur di sekolah.
Kata kunci : Gangguan Pola Tidur, Gawai