bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of activating an empathic focus during COVID19 on healthcare workers motivation for hand hygiene compliance in moments serving the protection of others: a randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Sassenrath Claudia , Diefenbacher Svenne , Kolbe Viktoria , Niesalla Heide , Keller Johannes 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aim
The “Five moments of hand hygiene” (World Health Organization 2009) can be classified into moments of hand hygiene before and after patient care. Based on research indicating that hand hygiene compliance differs with regard to moments before and after patient care, this research evaluates the effectiveness of an empathy-based intervention in motivating hand hygiene compliance with regard to moments before patient care which protect vulnerable individuals from contamination and infection.

Subjects and method
An online experiment involving 68 healthcare professionals working at a German hospital during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic investigates whether instructing healthcare professionals to consider consequences for others (vs for themselves) if they contracted SARS-CoV-2 promotes hand hygiene compliance referring to moments before (vs after) patient care.

Results
In the condition in which healthcare professionals considered consequences for others if they contracted SARS-CoV-2 (other-focus condition), ratings of importance increased (M = 3.49, SD = 1.30) compared to the condition in which healthcare professionals considered consequences for themselves (M = 2.68, SD = 1.24), F(1,66) = 6.87, p = .011, partη2 = .09. Participants in the other-focus condition reported more intentions to comply with “before moments” in the future (M = 3.34, SD = 1.14) compared to participants in the self-focus condition (M = 2.77, SD = 0.80), F(1,66) = 6.15, p = .016, partη2 = .09.

Conclusion
Results indicate that activating an empathic focus in the context of the current pandemic promotes perceived importance and motivation of healthcare professionals to comply with moments aiming at protecting vulnerable others.
A generalized ground-motion model for consistent mainshock–aftershock intensity measures using successive recurrent neural networks
Authors: Fayaz Jawad , Galasso Carmine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeveral recent studies have investigated the risk posed to structures by earthquake sequences, proposing state-dependent fragility/vulnerability models for assets in damaged conditions. However, a critical component for such efforts, i.e., ground-motion record selection, has received relatively minor consideration. Specifically, utilization of “consistent” mainshock (MS)–aftershock (AS) ground motions is desirable in practical applications. Such consistency in selecting MS–AS sequences requires proper consideration of the correlations between and within the intensity measures of MS and AS ground motions. Most of the studies in this domain utilize spectral accelerations as the considered ground-motion intensity measures and rely on empirical linear correlation models between the intensity measures of MS and AS ground motions for developing, for instance, record selection approaches. This study proposes a generalized ground-motion model (GGMM) to estimate consistent 30 × 1 vectors of intensity measures for mainshocks (denoted as IMMS) and aftershocks (denoted as IMAS) using a framework of successive long-short-term-memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN). The vectors of IMMS and IMAS consist of geometric means of significant duration ($$D_{5 - 95,geom}$$

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), Arias intensity ($$I_{a,geom}$$

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), cumulative absolute velocity ($$CAV_{geom}$$

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A

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), peak ground velocity ($$PGV_{geom}$$

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G

V

geom

), peak ground acceleration ($$PGA_{geom}$$

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A

geom

) and RotD50 spectral acceleration ($$S_{a} \left( T \right)$$

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) at 25 periods for both MS and AS ground motions. The proposed RNN-based GGMM is trained on a carefully selected set of ~ 700 crustal and subduction recorded MS–AS sequences. The inputs to the framework include a 5 × 1 vector of source and site parameters for MS and AS recordings. The residuals of the trained LSTM-based RNN are further used to develop empirical covariance structures for IMMS and IMAS. The proposed framework is finally illustrated to select MS–AS ground motions based on IMMS and IMAS using a multi-criteria objective function. The selected MS–AS ground motion sequences are then used to perform non-linear time-history analyses of a case-study two-spanned symmetric bridge structure. The obtained engineering demand parameters are evaluated and critically discussed.
MOOCs as a massive learning resource for a Higher Education Community. The Universitat Politècnica de València experience using the EdX remote access program
Authors: Despujol Ignacio , Castañeda Linda , Turró Carlos 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDuring the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown, edX launched an initiative, called the Remote Access Program, to give access to free certificates for its Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) to the communities of its partners. This paper describes the experience of a Higher Education (HE) institution in Europe participating in this initiative as a strategic action to spread MOOCs, not just as a resource to open the university educational offer but also to improve the professional development possibilities of its community. This case study explores general data about the participation of over 7,700 people (23,4% of the Universitat Politècnica de Valencia’s community) in these courses and data from participants (1,515) about their initiative perceptions. The data obtained evaluates how a university community integrates MOOCs into their day-to-day life under certain conditions and their perception of the quality and usefulness of the courses. Data shows most of the community did not have experience or knowledge about MOOCs (73%), they used it (they obtained 5,202 certificates, a 33% completion rate), they value the course quality (4.1/5) and are happy with the initiative (4.7/5), and they think MOOCs will be useful for their career (3.67/5) and will take more MOOCs in the future (98%, with 71% thinking it is worth paying for the certificate). These results remark the importance of thinking about MOOCs in HE Institutions not just as a punctual resource but as a strategic investment affecting the university teaching offer, the professional development of its community, and their social compromise.
Professionelle Kompetenz(en) von Musiklehrkräften: Ein empirisch begründetes Modell
Authors: Puffer Gabriele , Hofmann Bernhard 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag fasst Befunde aus mehreren Einzelstudien zusammen, in denen Aspekte der Professionalität von Musiklehrkräften unter kompetenztheoretischer Perspektive erkundet und empirisch gestützt konzeptualisiert wurden. Dazu wurde ein pragmatischer Ansatz gewählt, der deduktive und induktive Vorgehensweisen kombiniert. Ausgewählte Komponenten generischer Modelle professioneller Lehrkompetenz wurden fachspezifisch konzeptualisiert, in Testkonzepte überführt und empirisch validiert. Daten aus zwei qualitativen Studien trugen dazu bei, Anforderungen des Musik-Unterrichtens aus Sicht der Unterrichtenden zu explorieren. Auf dieser Grundlage werden Grundzüge einer Modellierung professioneller Kompetenz von Musiklehrkräften in den folgenden Bereichen vorgeschlagen: fachspezifisches Professionswissen, situationsspezifische Fähigkeiten, musikpraktisch-künstlerische Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten.
Postoperative Frühmaßnahmen und Rehabilitation nach operativer Arthrolyse bei Ellenbogensteife
Authors: Schoch C. , Geyer S. , Rentschler V. , Jung C. , Pfalzer F. , Ortmann H. , Beitzel K. , Burkhart K. J. , Schneider M. M. 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Ellenbogensteife stellt sowohl für den Operateur als auch für den postoperativen Nachsorger eine große Herausforderung dar. Hinsichtlich der sich anschließenden Rehabilitation und deren Inhalte besteht bis dato kein Konsens.

Ziel
Das Ziel ist es, die wichtigsten Therapieinhalte nach Arthrolyse des Ellenbogens anhand einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche evidenzbasiert zu bewerten und mit Hilfe einer Umfrage unter ausgewiesenen DVSE-Ellenbogenexperten (D-A-CH Vereinigung für Schulter- und Ellenbogenchirurgie e. V.) einen möglichen bestehenden Konsens für oder gegen spezifische Therapieinhalte zu eruieren.

Material und Methoden
Die Literatursuche erfolgte nach Leitlinien, den „health technology assessments“, systematischen Übersichtsarbeiten und klinischen Studien, die die postoperative Rehabilitation nach Arthrolyse des Ellenbogens untersuchten. Abgefragt wurden die Datenbanken des „Guidelines International Network“, diverse nationale Leitlinien, PubMed, das „Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials“, die „Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews“ und die „Physiotherapy Evidence Database“, jeweils für den Zeitraum 01/1989 bis 12/2019. Im Rahmen einer Online-Umfrage wurden allen aktiven DVSE-Mitgliedern zu spezifischen Therapieinhalten der Rehabilitation nach Arthrolyse befragt.

Ergebnisse
Im Zeitraum seit 1989 ließen sich aus 266 Artikeln 5 Reviews und 58 Originalarbeiten identifizieren, die als Grundlage zur Anfertigung einer evidenzbasierten Nachbehandlungsempfehlung dienten. In Zusammenschau aller Ergebnisse und unter Einschluss der DVSE-Mitgliedermeinungen konnte ein Grundkonzept ausgearbeitet werden.
Hartliella txitongensis (Linderniaceae), a new species from Mozambique
Authors: Osborne Jo , Datizua Castigo , Mucaleque Papin , Fischer Eberhard 
Published: June 2022

SummaryHartliella txitongensis Osborne & Eb.Fisch., a species new to science from Niassa Province in Northern Mozambique, is described and illustrated. Hartliella txitongensis is the only species of Hartliella known from outside the Upper Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the adjacent region of Zambia. The species is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered under IUCN criterion B and its potential to be a metallophyte is highlighted. A key to the five species of Hartliella is provided.
Molecular heterostructure by fusing graphene nanoribbons of different lengths through a pentagon ring junction
Authors: Sun Qiang , Jiang Hao , Yan Yuyi , Fasel Roman , Ruffieux Pascal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGraphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have attracted great research interest because of their widely tunable and unique electronic properties. The required atomic precision of GNRs can be realized via on-surface synthesis method. In this work, through a surface assisted reaction we have longitudinally fused the pyrene-based graphene nanoribbons (pGNR) of different lengths by a pentagon ring junction, and built a molecular junction structure on Au (111). The electronic properties of the structure are studied by scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) combined with tight binding (TB) calculations. The pentagon ring junction shows a weak electronic coupling effect on graphene nanoribbons, which makes the electronic properties of the two different graphene nanoribbons connected by a pentagon ring junction analogous to type I semiconductor heterojunctions.
Invariant measures for multidimensional fractional stochastic volatility models
Authors: Gerencsér Balázs , Rásonyi Miklós 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe establish convergence to an invariant measure as time tends to infinity, for a large class of (possibly non-Markovian) stochastic volatility models. Our arguments are based on a novel coupling idea for Markov chains which also extends to Markov chains in random environments in an efficient way.
Analisi costo-efficacia del neuromonitoraggio nella chirurgia della tiroide
Authors: Matarese Alessandro , Calò Pier Giorgio , Materazzi Gabriele , Villardita Viola , Iacobone Maurizio , Pino Antonella , Carcoforo Paolo , Frattini Francesco , Casaril Andrea , Del Rio Paolo , Raffaelli Marco , Lombardi Celestino Pio , Docimo Giovanni , Dionigi Gianlorenzo 
Published: June 2022

SommarioVi sono prove sempre più rilevanti circa l’importanza di una più dettagliata valutazione dei costi delle nuove tecnologie usate in chirurgia. L’impatto innovativo della tecnologia ha il potenziale per ottenere miglioramenti clinici rivoluzionari. Tuttavia, esistono informazioni limitate sul tema costo-efficacia delle nuove strategie chirurgiche usate in chirurgia tiroidea. In questo studio descriviamo le recenti evidenze relative ai metodi di valutazione costo-efficacia delle strutture e delle funzioni per il neuromonitoraggio intraoperatorio (IONM) in chirurgia tiroidea. I nostri risultati suggeriscono che il modello di economia sanitaria, nell’elaborazione della struttura degli studi costo-efficacia relativi al neuromonitoraggio intraoperatorio, si è dimostrata realizzabile come metodo per migliorare l’efficacia della ricerca.
Olfactory and gustatory disorders in COVID-19
Authors: Klimek Ludger , Hagemann Jan , Döge Julia , Freudelsperger Laura , Cuevas Mandy , Klimek Felix , Hummel Thomas 
Published: June 2022

SummaryLoss of olfaction is one of the symptoms most commonly reported by patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although the spontaneous recovery rate is high, recent studies have shown that up to 7% of patients remain anosmic for more than 12 months after the onset of infection, leaving millions of people worldwide suffering from severe olfactory impairment. Olfactory training remains the first recommended treatment. With the continued lack of approved drug treatments, new therapeutic options are being explored. This article reviews the current state of science on COVID-19-related olfactory disorders, focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, cure rates, currently available treatment options, and research on new treatments.
Numerical investigation of wave-induced loads on an offshore monopile using a viscous and a potential-flow solver
Authors: Jiang Changqing , el Moctar Ould 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWave-induced loads on an offshore monopile were investigated using a viscous-flow solver and a potential-flow solver. Considered were only two steep regular wave trains, with the same height but different periods. The potential-flow approach relied on a weakly nonlinear time-domain solver (i.e., Green function). The viscous-flow solver used three solution schemes, namely, an Euler scheme that neglected the flow viscosity, a Laminar scheme that numerically integrated the full Navier–Stokes equations without a model accounting for the fluctuating portion of the velocity field, and a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes scheme that modeled turbulent flow via a two-equation eddy-viscosity model. Numerical uncertainties of viscous-flow simulations were quantified, and computed results were validated against model test measurements. Overall, the main characteristics of wave-induced forces and bending moments were well predicted by all adopted numerical schemes. In terms of higher harmonic components, predictions only from the viscous-flow solver compared favorably to the experimental measurements, including the local free surface elevations, higher harmonic forces/moments, and the secondary wave load cycles. The effect of strong nonlinear motion of free surface on the wave-induced total loading was secondary, and the contribution from the associated viscous and turbulent effects was also very limited. Nevertheless, they attribute to the generation of higher harmonic forces/moments as well as the secondary load cycle. In addition, the effects of wave steepness on the global, first- and higher harmonic forces were addressed.
Cloud Outsourcing in the Financial Sector: An Assessment of Internal Governance Strategies on a Cloud Transaction Between a Bank and a Leading Cloud Service Provider
Authors: Anderson-Princen Jamelia M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCloud applications are becoming central and critical to the delivery of financial services. Despite their significance, banks face increased exposure to transaction risks related to the use of cloud services and internal and external pressures to improve their risk management practices. In this study, we use a unique data set from a bank’s cloud register to examine the effectiveness of internal governance on an ongoing cloud outsourcing transaction between a bank and cloud service provider. We employ structural equation modeling and a simple linear regression to test for transaction misalignment and causes of governance inefficiencies. We find that a strong degree of misalignment is largely due to poor design of internal controls and a weak control system that does not provide acceptable indications of residual risk likelihood. The findings indicate that cloud risks are driven not only by agency costs, but also by firm-specific risks which contribute to a number of transaction uncertainties and governance misalignment.
Through a glass darkly: race, thermal sensation and the nervous body in late colonial India
Authors: Venkat Bharat Jayram 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article explores the role of what might be termed embodied experience in generating knowledge about climate – specifically by focusing on conversations about the effects of climate on the body in late nineteenth-century India. Central to the story is the question of how race maps onto ideas about the body's capacity to register or perceive its environment, and how this question articulates with concerns about standardization and judgement in scientific practice. Focusing on tropical heat, I argue that the British body became figured in late colonial scientific discourse as a kind of sensing technology, one that was transformed by the heat that it registered. However, determining the effects of heat on the body was not always straightforward; the sensation of heat was, at moments, attributed not to heat but instead to light. At stake in this partial displacement from heat to light was not the sensation itself, nor the bodily effects it produced, but rather the mechanisms that produced these sensations and effects. Nevertheless, observing these racialized bodily effects was a way to know climate, arguably as important as recording data from thermometers. Along these lines, pigmentation became a powerful, if imperfect, marker of racial difference that was also thought to confer specific sensory capacities on some and not on others. And it was through these capacities, through the perceived ability of certain bodies (and not others) to register the effects of heat and light, that knowledge of climate became intimately tied to ideas about race and biology.
Mortality After Total Anterior Circulation Stroke: A 25-Year Observational Study
Authors: Neal J. Oliver , Hu Sherry , Reid John , Matheson Kara , Gubitz Gord , Simpkin Wendy , Christian Christine , Phillips Stephen 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT:Background:Mortality remains a substantial problem after acute ischemic stroke, despite advances in acute stroke treatment over the past three decades. Mortality is particularly high among patients with Total Anterior Circulation Stroke (TACS), generally representing patients with middle cerebral artery occlusions. Notably however, these patients also stand to benefit most from new therapies including endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). In this study, we aimed to examine temporal trends in, and factors associated with, 30-day in-hospital mortality after TACS.Methods:Information on all patients with community-onset TACS from 1994 through 2019 was extracted from a prospective acute stroke registry. Multivariate analysis was performed on the primary outcome of 30-day in-hospital mortality, as well as secondary functional outcomes.Results:We studied 1106 patients hospitalized for community-onset TACS, 456 (41%) of whom experienced 30-day in-hospital mortality. Over the 25 years of observation, 30-day in-hospital mortality rose and then fell. Increased odds of mortality was associated with age and stroke severity. Decreased odds of mortality was associated with alteplase therapy and EVT, as well as presentation to hospital more than 12 hours after stroke onset. Treatment with alteplase, EVT, or both was associated with higher odds of functional independence and discharge home, and shorter lengths of stay in acute care.Conclusions:Patients receiving alteplase, EVT, or both had lower 30-day in-hospital mortality and better functional outcomes than those who were untreated. These observational data demonstrate the benefits of recanalization therapy in routine clinical practice.
Reflexive clitics are verbal, not pronominal
Authors: McGinnis Martha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractI argue that reflexive clitics are not pronominal, but verbal. Cross-linguistically, reflexive clitics can realize either an unaccusative or an unergative Voice head, both of which allow anaphoric interpretations (as suggested by the work of Reinhart and Siloni 2004, 2005). I contrast the anaphoric Voice analysis with two well-known pronominal analyses of reflexive clitics: one, proposed for French, postulating an anaphoric external argument (McGinnis 1998, Sportiche 1998), and another, proposed for Icelandic figure reflexives, postulating an expletive argument in [Spec,pP] (Wood 2014, 2015; Wood and Marantz 2017). Evidence against the external-argument analysis for French includes: a language-internal contrast between unergative and unaccusative anaphoric clauses (Labelle 2008); the absence of a c-command requirement on the licensing of anaphoric Voice; the absence of a lethal ambiguity effect with anaphoric Voice (McGinnis 1998, 2004); and the interpretation of focus constructions withseul‘only’ (Sportiche 2014, Haiden 2019). Evidence against the Icelandic expletive-argument analysis includes: the observation that not all figure reflexives have apP, or allow an impersonal passive (Moser 2021); and the difficulty of extending the analysis to other languages with reflexive clitics – in particular, the difficulty of accounting for the widespread observation that anaphoric clitics are restricted to referential dependencies involving the external argument.
Mitigating hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile: The impact of an optimized environmental hygiene program in eight hospitals
Authors: Carling Philip C. , O’Hara Lyndsay M. , Harris Anthony D. , Olmsted Russell 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the impact of a standardized, process-validated intervention utilizing daily hospital-wide patient-zone sporicidal disinfectant cleaning on incidence density of healthcare-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI) standardized infection ratios (SIRs).Design:Multi-site, quasi-experimental study, with control hospitals and a nonequivalent dependent variable.Setting:The study was conducted across 8 acute-care hospitals in 6 states with stable endemic HO-CDI SIRs.Methods:Following an 18-month preintervention control period, each site implemented a program of daily hospital-wide sporicidal disinfectant patient zone cleaning. After a wash-in period, thoroughness of disinfection cleaning (TDC) was monitored prospectively and optimized with performance feedback utilizing a previously validated process improvement program. Mean HO-CDI SIRs were calculated by quarter for the pre- and postintervention periods for both the intervention and control hospitals. We used a difference-in-differences analysis to estimate the change in the average HO-CDI SIR and HO-CAUTI SIR for the pre- and postintervention periods.Results:Following the wash-in period, the TDC improved steadily for all sites and by 18 months was 93.6% for the group. The mean HO-CDI SIRs decreased from 1.03 to 0.6 (95% CI, 0.13–0.75; P = .009). In the adjusted difference-in-differences analysis in comparison to controls, there was a 0.55 reduction (95% CI, −0.77 to −0.32) in HO-CDI (P < .001) or a 50% relative decrease from baseline.Conclusions:This study represents the first multiple-site, quasi-experimental study with control hospitals and a nonequivalent dependent variable to evaluate a 4-component intervention on HO-CDI. Following ongoing improvement in cleaning thoroughness, there was a sustained 50% decrease in HO-CDI SIRs compared to controls.