bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image restoration via exponential scale mixture‐based simultaneous sparse prior
Authors: Yuan Wei , Liu Han , Liang Lili 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImage prior plays a decisive role in the performance of widely studied model‐based restoration methods. To further improve restoration performance, this paper proposes an exponential scale mixture‐based simultaneous sparse prior (ESM‐SSP) to accurately characterize image prior information. Specifically, first, two structured dictionaries are adaptively learned to explore the local and non‐local sparsity of similar patch groups simultaneously. Then, the exponential scale mixture (ESM) is employed to model simultaneous sparse coefficients. The adoption of ESM enables us to accurately estimate simultaneous sparse coefficients by adaptively adjusting the regularization parameters. With the aid of ESM‐SSP, an effective image restoration algorithm is developed to preserve more image details. Extensive experimental results on image denoising and deblocking demonstrate that compared with many state‐of‐the‐art model‐based methods, the proposed ESM‐SSP‐based restoration algorithm not only has competitive peak signal‐to‐noise ratio, but also produces higher structural similarity index and better visuals. More importantly, the proposed method can also compete favourably with the superior deep learning‐based restoration methods.
Carbon brush wear calculation in marine environment based on temperature field analysis
Authors: Shuai Zhao , Hongzhong Ma , Long Cheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the marine environment, the working environment of the doubly fed wind generator carbon brush and slip‐ring system is complicated, salt spray deposits and seawater erosion affect the temperature field and contact surface friction factor leading to carbon brush wear increase and shortened replacement cycle. The three‐dimensional temperature field simulation model of the carbon brush and slip‐ring system is established. The main factors affecting the carbon brush and slip‐ring system temperature field are sliding velocity, load current, ambient temperature, contact surface condition and contact pressure applied to the brush. Wear capacity of carbon brushes is affected by contact surface temperature. An experimental platform combined with the salt spray test machine was built to carry out the contact current, contact pressure, salt spray concentration and experimental temperature experiment. The improved Coulomb‐viscous friction force model was used for the wear prediction model. The sliding velocity, contact pressure, contact current, experimental temperature and salt spray concentration were introduced into the model. The experimental verification has shown that the prediction model can effectively predict the carbon brush wearing capacity under different conditions. This model can be applied to formulating the carbon brush wear amount and replacement cycle in the marine environment reducing operation and maintenance costs.
Prototypical communication systems for electrical distribution system analysis: Design basis and exemplification through co‐simulation
Authors: Bhattarai Bishnu , Marinovici Laurentiu , Tuffner Francis , Schneider Kevin , Fan Xiaoyuan , Rutz Frederick , Kandaperumal Gowtham 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper develops prototypical communication system (PCS) models to support the analysis of electric distribution systems dependency on communication. Though there exist representative and prototypical distribution test systems, i.e., IEEE test feeders and the taxonomy of prototypical feeders, there are no standard definitions of communication systems appropriate for studies of system interdependence. To accurately represent the impact communication systems have on electric distribution system operations, the paper introduces the design basis for developing PCS models highlighting key characteristics of communication systems architectures and commonly‐deployed technologies. It follows with functional definitions, implementations, and an example of how PCSs can be used for system analysis. The approach leverages existing open‐source modeling and simulation tools. Co‐simulation is achieved with ns‐3 for PCSs, GridLAB‐D\textsuperscript{\texttrademark} for distribution systems, and Python\textsuperscript{\texttrademark} for distribution system control centers. The Hierarchical Engine for Large‐Scale Infrastructure Co‐simulation (HELICS) environment is used to federate these individual simulators. It allows for different PCSs to be integrated with distribution systems and analyzed in different scenarios. This underlines the importance of correctly identifying network topologies and technologies and their impact on the system control strategies. Though this work uses specific tools development and implementation, the PCS models can be used in other simulation environments.
Rekonstruktives Vorgehen zum Brustwiederaufbau bei geplanter
Bestrahlung
Authors: Wolter Andreas , Fertsch Sonia , Lisboa Bjoern Wieland , Andree Christoph 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die ideale zeitliche und technische Vorgehensweise zur
Brustrekonstruktion bei geplanter Radiatio nach vorausgegangener Mastektomie
(Postmastektomie Radiotherapie; PMRT) wird weiterhin kontrovers diskutiert.
Methoden Die Autoren analysierten die MEDLINE Datenbank PubMed
hinsichtlich Studien, die PMRT und Brustrekonstruktion thematisierten. Die
Kernaussagen dieser Studien wurden extrahiert und zusammengefasst.
Ergebnisse Ein Implantat-basiertes rekonstruktives Vorgehen stellt die am
wenigsten invasive zeitnahe Variante in einem PMRT-Setting dar und resultiert in
einem sofortigen Brustwiederaufbau. Eine Rekonstruktion mit einem zweizeitigen
Vorgehen durch ein Expander-Implantat bzw. Expander-Implantat-autologes Vorgehen
ermöglicht gute bis exzellente Resultate. Verglichen mit der heterologen
Vorgehensweise, resultieren autologe Rekonstruktionsverfahren in einer besseren
Lebensqualität, haptisch-sensorischen Vorteilen und sind in der Regel
mit einer geringeren Komplikationsrate assoziiert. Eine PMRT nach bereits
durchgeführter autologer Rekonstruktion kann mit negativen
ästhetischen Ergebnissen assoziiert sein. Ein delayed autologes Vorgehen
kann vorteilhaft sein und sollte insbesondere bei Hochrisikopatientinnen
favorisiert werden.
Zusammenfassung Faktoren, die in die sorgfältige Planung einer
Brustrekonstruktion bei notwendiger PMRT einbezogen werden müssen, sind
chirurgischer und ästhetischer Natur, beinhalten die
Lebensqualität sowie Charakteristika, Wunsch und Erwartungshaltung der
jeweiligen Patientin. Die autologe Rekonstruktion sollte im Idealfall nach der
PMRT stattfinden, um potentiell negativ beeinträchtigende
Einflüsse auf das eigengewebliche Resultat zu vermeiden. Falls eine PMRT
wahrscheinlich ist, aber möglicherweise nicht notwendig wird, kann eine
immediate-delayed Vorgehensweise vorteilhaft sein.
Thiapillar[6]arene: Synthesis, Functionalization, and Properties
Authors: Swager Timothy M. , Etkind Samuel I. , Ichii Shun , Romero Nathan A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe design and synthesis of new macrocycles with well-defined cavities represent a promising avenue for the development of new supramolecular hosts. Moreover, the ability to diversify a macrocycle through chemical manipulations enables the fine-tuning and tailoring of properties. In this report, the synthesis and functionalization of thiapillar[6]arene, a pillar[6]arene analogue in which the bridging methylene groups are replaced by sulfurs, are described. First, we demonstrate the scalable synthesis of the parent thiapillar[6]arene. Next, the diversification of thiapillar[6]arene is demonstrated via functionalization of the phenols and oxidation of the sulfur atoms. The solid-state structures of two thiapillar[6]arene derivatives are reported, and the effect of sulfur oxidation state on the macrocyclic conformation is discussed. All sulfone derivatives described were found to demonstrate high luminescence quantum yields (ΦF = 0.43–0.66) in CH2Cl2 with emission maxima between λ = 404 and 462 nm. Lastly, assessment of the electrochemical properties of the sulfone derivatives by square-wave voltammetry revealed electron-accepting ability owing to the oxidation of the sulfur atoms, with four reduction events observed for the analogues surveyed. Overall, this work implicates thiapillar[6]arene as a modular scaffold amenable for further applications in host–guest chemistry and sensing.
Disfunción eréctil en personas con VIH – Revisión de alcance
Authors: Lince-Rivera Isabella , Medina-Rico Mauricio , Nuñez-Rodriguez Eduardo , F. Mónica Maria Medina , López-Ramos Hugo 
Published: June 2022

Resumen
Objetivo Exponer los factores que han sido asociados al desarrollo de disfunción eréctil (DE) en las personas con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y cuál es la prevalencia de la disfunción eréctil en esta población.
Métodos Se realizó una revisión de alcance utilizando las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, Scopus, Lilacs, y Psycinfo. Los artículos incluidos debían tener cualquier información relacionada con la DE en personas con VIH, su prevalencia, y posibles factores asociados. Se filtraron un total de 2.726 artículos por título y resumen, y, de estos, se seleccionaron 22 referencias para revisión de texto completo y análisis.
Resultados Se encontró que las personas con VIH tienen una mayor probabilidad de presentar DE en comparación con las personas sin VIH. Algunos estudios han establecido una asociación entre la DE y trastornos psicológicos o factores orgánicos, como la lipodistrofia, la hipertensión arterial, la hipercolesterolemia, la diabetes mellitus, la depresión, la ansiedad, y el hipogonadismo. La ingesta de terapia antirretroviral (TARV), más específicamente los inhibidores de la proteasa, sigue siendo cuestionada como causante de DE en pacientes con VIH.
Conclusiones Ante un paciente con diagnóstico de VIH, se debe ahondar sobre DE con el fin de recomendar e iniciar conductas terapéuticas que aseguren un mejoramiento en su calidad de vida.
Alto porcentaje de ausencia de reflejo bulbocavernoso en pacientes neurológicamente sanos con disfunción vesical
Authors: Alcaraz-Contreras Berenice , Guerrero-Reyes Guadalupe , Gutiérrez-González Adrián , Hernández-Velázquez Ricardo , Taboada-Lozano David Fernando , Pallares-Mendez Rigoberto 
Published: June 2022

Resumen
Introducción y Objetivo El reflejo bulbocavernoso (RBCV) se ha observado ausente incluso en pacientes neurológicamente sanos. Los trastornos funcionales del piso pélvico deben incluir su evaluación.Nuestro objetivo primario fue evaluar la prevalencia de ausencia de RBCV en pacientes sanos. El objetivo secundario fue observar la afectación del RBCV en presencia de otras comorbilidades cómo enfermedad neurológica y diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Métodos Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, en el que se revisaron mil expedientes clínicos de pacientes sometidos a estudio urodinámico a quienes se les realizó exploración mecánica del RBCV como parte de una exploración rutinaria. Se realizó estadística descriptiva para las variables cuantitativas y cualitativas utilizando la prueba tde Student y la de chi cuadrado, respectivamente. Se consideraron estadísticamente significativos valores de p < 0,05.
Resultados La muestra tenía una media de edad de 59,84 años (desviación estándar [DE]: ± 14,13 años), y contenía 36,19% de mujeres y 21,13% de hombres sin enfermedad neurológica y RBCV ausente. Se observó mayor ausencia de RBCV en pacientes con presencia de enfermedad neurológica en comparación con pacientes neurológicamente sanos: 21,6% versus 10,6%, respectivamente (p < 0,0001); además, se observó una ausencia importante de RBCV en presencia de diabetes mellitus en comparación con pacientes no diabéticos: 30.8% versus 18.8%, respectivamente (p < 0,0001). No se observaron diferencias al comparar grupos con respecto a disfunción vesical.
Conclusión La ausencia de RBCV no es exclusiva de una enfermedad neurológica con repercusión de síntomas del tracto urinario inferior, y la proporción de pacientes neurológicamente sanos con ausencia de RBCV no es despreciable. No se encontró una diferencia significativa en los grupos con ausencia de RBCV con respecto a disfunción vesical.
Quadratus Lumborum Block for Upper Tract Urological Surgery in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Hoffmann Cassandra , Harb Alain , Woo Lynn L. , Hannick Jessica H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective Among regional blocks, the quadratus lumborum fascial plane block (QLB) has been well described, but the description of its use and efficacy for pediatric patients undergoing upper abdominal urologic surgery is limited. We present a case series examining the use of the QLB for postoperative pain management in children undergoing upper tract surgery.
Methods From August 2019 to August 2020, through a chart review, we identified 5 patients who had undergone a QLB for upper urinary tract surgery via a flank incision. Posterior QLB was performed after induction of general anesthesia. A single injection of 0.5mL/kg of either 0.25% or 0.5% ropivacaine with 1mcg/kg of clonidine was administered. Patients received fentanyl IV (1 mcg/kg), and acetaminophen IV (15mg/kg) as adjuvants during the operation. Postoperative pain was managed with oral acetaminophen and ibuprofen.
Results The average postoperative pain score during the entire admission was 1, with the lowest being 0 and highest, 3. No administration of rescue narcotics was required in the postanesthesia care unit or on the floor. The average length of stay ranged from 0 to 1 day. No complications associated with the regional QLB were identified.
Conclusions Our series suggests the QLB may be considered as a regional anesthetic option to minimize narcotic requirements for children undergoing upper abdominal urological surgery via flank incision. Additional studies are needed to compare the efficacy of the QLB versus alternate regional anesthetic blocks for upper tract urological surgery via flank incision in children and to determine effective dosing and use of adjuvants.
Metabolomic Profile in Patients with Malignant Disturbances of the Prostate: An Experimental Approach
Authors: García-Perdomo Herney Andrés , Mena Ramirez Leidy Vanessa , Wist Julien , Sanchez Adalberto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurpose To identify metabolites in humans that can be associated with the presence of malignant disturbances of the prostate.Methods In the present study, we selected male patients aged between 46 and 82 years who were considered at risk of prostate cancer due to elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or abnormal results on the digital rectal examination. All selected patients came from two university hospitals (Hospital Universitario del Valle and Clínica Rafael Uribe Uribe) and were divided into 2 groups: cancer (12 patients) and non-cancer (20 patients). Cancer was confirmed by histology, and none of the patients underwent any previous treatment. Standard protocols were applied to all the collected blood samples. The resulting plasma samples were kept at -80°C, and a profile of each one was acquired by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) using established experiments. Multivariate analyses were applied to this dataset, first to establish the quality of the data and identify outliers, and then, to model the data.Results We included 12 patients with cancer and 20 without it. Two patients were excluded due to contamination with ethanol. The remaining ones were used to build an Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) model (including 15 non-cancer and 10 cancer patients), with acceptable discrimination (Q2 = 0.33). This model highlighted the role of lactate and lipids, with a positive association of these two metabolites and prostate cancer.Conclusions The primary discriminative metabolites between patients with and without prostate cancer were lactate and lipids. These might be the most reliable biomarkers to trace the development of cancer in the prostate.
The Blending Effect of Single-Shade Composite with Different Shades of Conventional Resin Composites—An In Vitro Study
Authors: Islam Md Sofiqul , Huda Noorul , Mahendran Sankavi , Aryal AC Smriti , Nassar Mohannad , Rahman Mohammed Mustahsen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives Single-shade composite systems are gaining popularity among clinicians due to the claimed potential of blending with different tooth structure shades while restoring the tooth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the blending effect of two single-shade composite with different shades of conventional resin composite systems.
Materials and Methods Seventy-two composite cylinders of B1, B2, A1, A2, A3, or A3.5 shade from CharmFil Plus (CP) and Filtek Universal Restorative (3M) were prepared using custom-made silicone mold. Single-shade composite OMNICHROMA (OC) or Beautifil II Enamel (BE) was placed in the center of each cylinder and polymerized. The color parameters, lightness (L*), chroma (C*), and hue (H*) of each composite were measured using a color chronometer. Furthermore, color stability of the samples was evaluated after 1-week staining challenge.
Statistical Analysis Multivariant analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of material and shade on the color parameters. Multiple comparisons of the data were performed using post hoc test. The staining challenge data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance and paired sample T-test.
Results The multivariant analysis showed a statistically significant difference in color parameters among CP, 3M, OC, and BE (p = 0.001). Image analysis showed a visual blending effect for both OC and BE for certain shades; however, some color contrast with the darker shades was observed. The C* value of OC showed a similar pattern to CP; however, the H* of the latter was closely followed by BE. The L* value showed statistically significant difference among the shades of 3M, and in OC and BE when blended with 3M.
Conclusion All four materials used in this study showed color alteration after the staining challenge. Single-shade composite can blend with only certain shades of resin composites.
Occupational Physical Hazards and Safety Practices at Dental Clinics
Authors: Alamri Abdulaziz , ElSharkawy Mahmoud Fathy , Alafandi Dalal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective Worldwide, dentistry is known as a high-level occupational hazard profession. Dental staff is usually exposed to several types of hazards which include chemical agents, physical, psychological stress, and workplace violence, biological and ergonomics. The objectives of this paper were to assess levels of occupational hazards and evaluate safety practices at dental clinics.Materials and Methods At several dental clinics, levels of noise, lighting, and radiation were measured by recommended instruments and the safety practice was evaluated using a validated and reliable questionnaire (during 3 months of 2020).Results The mean levels of noise ranged between 46.3 and 67.2 dB, while the noise dose percent (noise exposure level) ranged between 60.7 and 77.6 dB. The mean levels of lighting ranged from 236.3 lux in the X-ray room to 1,080.3 lux in the dental laboratory. The mean levels of radiation ranged from 7.8 to 12.1 µrem. The mean levels of the three physical hazards were lower than their permissible levels at all locations.Conclusion Levels of noise in dental clinic were affected by the change in the work activities, while this factor has no effect on the levels of lighting and radiation except for certain processes. The demographic variables such as gender, specialization, and the average number of patients showed a significant association with physical hazards, safety practices, while there was no significant association with radiation protection.
Influence of Different Restoring Materials on Stress Distribution in Prosthesis on Implants: A Review of Finite Element Studies
Authors: Vieira Fabiano Resmer , Bitencourt Sandro Basso , Rosa Cleber Davi Del Rei Daltro , Vieira André Bueno , Santos Daniela Micheline dos , Goiato Marcelo Coelho 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe selection of material used on the occlusal surface of implant-supported prostheses is important, as these materials can transmit destructive forces to the interface between the alveolar bone and the implant. Different prosthetic materials are suggested for implant-supported prostheses. The choice of prosthetic material is a controversial issue, and there is a consensus that implant survival is not affected by the prosthetic material. Three-dimensional finite element studies are often used in dentistry to estimate the stress distribution that occurs in the implant system, peri-implant bone, and prosthetic components. To analyze the influence of the prosthetic restorative material on the stresses in bone tissue and peri-implant through a literature review of three-dimensional finite element studies. The search for articles was performed in the PubMed/Medline database up to November 2021. The selected articles were independently evaluated by two different reviewers. The information collected was author and year of publication, dimensions of implants used, the material used in the prosthetic crown, simulated force and direction, and conclusion and effect. After searching, 14 studies were selected for full reading, and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, all could be included in this review. The articles were based on evidence-based laboratory medicine. After analyzing these articles, it was concluded that the prosthetic materials used on the occlusal surface do not interfere with the destruction of stresses to the bone and peri-implant tissue, both in single prostheses and protocol-type prostheses, when three-dimensional finite element method is used.