bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila reduces periodontal and systemic inflammation induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis in lean and obese mice
Authors: Mulhall Hannah , DiChiara Jeanne M. , Huck Olivier , Amar Salomon 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila and Amuc_1100 on periodontal destruction in lean and obese mice and to determine the impact of the mode of administration.Materials and MethodsPorphyromonas gingivalis‐associated experimental periodontitis was induced in lean and obese mice. After 3 weeks, live, pasteurized A. muciniphila or Amuc_1100 was administered by oral or gastric gavage for three additional weeks. Moreover, an evaluation of the interaction between A. muciniphila and P. gingivalis was performed by RNA‐sequencing, and cytokines secretion was measured in exposed macrophages.ResultsOral administration of live, pasteurized A. muciniphila or Amuc_1100 significantly decreased P. gingivalis‐induced periodontal destruction and inflammatory infiltrate in lean and obese mice and contributed to the reduction of the plasma level of TNF‐α and to the increase of IL‐10. The co‐culture of A. muciniphila and P. gingivalis induced an increased expression of genes linked to the synthesis of monobactam‐related antibiotics in A. muciniphila, while a decrease of the gingipains and type IX secretion system was observed in P. gingivalis. In P. gingivalis‐infected macrophages, pasteurized A. muciniphila decreased TNF‐α and increased IL‐10 levels.ConclusionsPasteurized A. muciniphila can counteract P. gingivalis‐associated periodontal destruction.
Qingjin Yiqi granules for post‐COVID‐19 condition: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pang Wentai , Yang Fengwen , Zhao Yubin , Dai Erhei , Feng Jihong , Huang Yuhong , Guo Yongming , Zhou Shengyuan , Huang Ming , Zheng Wenke , Ma Jiang , Li Hong , Li Qing , Hou Lijuan , Zhang Shuo , Wang Hui , Liu Qingquan , Zhang Boli , Zhang Junhua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Qingjin Yiqi granules (QJYQ) on post‐COVID‐19 condition (PCC).MethodPatients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to two groups, the QJYQ group received QJYQ combined with standard rehabilitation treatments (SRTs) and the control group only received SRTs. The treatment course was 14 days. The primary outcomes were modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale and Borg scale, while the secondary outcomes included symptoms score and 6‐minute walking distance (6MWD). The safety outcome was the incidence of adverse events.ResultsA total of 388 patients with PCC were enrolled and randomly assigned to the QJYQ group (n = 194) and the control group (n = 194). Compared to the controls, the mMRC scale was improved in the QJYQ group, which was better than that of the control group [β (95%CI): –0.626 (–1.101, –0.151), p = 0.010]. A significant improvement in Borg scale was also observed in the QJYQ group compared to the control group [β (95%CI): –0.395(–0.744, –0.046), p = 0.026]. There was no statistically significant difference in symptoms score and 6MWD between the two groups (p = 0.293, p = 0.724). No treatment‐related adverse events were observed in either group.ConclusionsQJYQ can bring benefits to patients with PCC, mainly in the improvement of breathlessness and fatigue.
An overview of methodological approaches in systematic reviews
Authors: Veginadu Prabhakar , Calache Hanny , Gussy Mark , Pandian Akshaya , Masood Mohd 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this overview is to identify and collate evidence from existing published systematic review (SR) articles evaluating various methodological approaches used at each stage of an SR.MethodsThe search was conducted in five electronic databases from inception to November 2020 and updated in February 2022: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and APA PsycINFO. Title and abstract screening were performed in two stages by one reviewer, supported by a second reviewer. Full‐text screening, data extraction, and quality appraisal were performed by two reviewers independently. The quality of the included SRs was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 checklist.ResultsThe search retrieved 41,556 unique citations, of which 9 SRs were deemed eligible for inclusion in final synthesis. Included SRs evaluated 24 unique methodological approaches used for defining the review scope and eligibility, literature search, screening, data extraction, and quality appraisal in the SR process. Limited evidence supports the following (a) searching multiple resources (electronic databases, handsearching, and reference lists) to identify relevant literature; (b) excluding non‐English, gray, and unpublished literature, and (c) use of text‐mining approaches during title and abstract screening.ConclusionThe overview identified limited SR‐level evidence on various methodological approaches currently employed during five of the seven fundamental steps in the SR process, as well as some methodological modifications currently used in expedited SRs. Overall, findings of this overview highlight the dearth of published SRs focused on SR methodologies and this warrants future work in this area.
Introducing twin corpora of decisions for the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ)
Authors: Fobbe Seán 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this article I present the first two of a new series of open and high‐quality international legal data sets: comprehensive, fully reproducible, human‐ and machine‐readable open access collections covering one hundred years of case law of the primary judicial organs of the United Nations and the League of Nations: theCorpus of Decisions: International Court of Justice(CD‐ICJ) and theCorpus of Decisions: Permanent Court of International Justice(CD‐PCIJ). Each corpus is designed to capture in its entirety the published case law of its eponymous Court, including majority opinions (judgments, advisory opinions and orders), but also the minority opinions annexed to each decision (declarations, separate opinions and dissenting opinions). The corpora are enriched with useful metadata to enhance text‐as‐data research and enable stand‐alone metadata analyses. While each corpus can stand on its own, the twin corpora are designed to be perfectly interoperable for the purposes of analyses that wish to treat the ICJ and PCIJ as a continuous entity. The most recent versions of the corpora will always be available open access athttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826444(CD‐ICJ) andhttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840479(CD‐PCIJ).
Patient outcomes related to receiving care on a dedicated Acute Care for Elders (ACE) unit versus with an ACE order set
Authors: Norman Richard E. , Sinha Samir K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Acute Care for Elders (ACE) unit model of care aims to reduce common complications of hospitalization in older adults through early involvement of allied health providers, changes to the care environment, elder‐friendly care protocols, and proactive discharge planning.Our hospital established a dedicated 28‐bed medical ACE unit. Because of capacity limitations, the number of eligible older medical patients often exceeds the available number of beds. Thus, some ACE unit‐eligible patients are instead admitted to other medical or surgical units for their medical care. These “bed‐spaced” ACE patients receive care by the same general internists and ACE order set that ACE unit patients are cared under. We sought to compare the health outcomes of ACE‐designated patients admitted to the ACE unit versus bed‐spaced peers cared for using a protocolized ACE order set.Methods3046 ACE‐designated patient admissions were analyzed (1499 ACE unit and 1547 bed‐spaced). The primary outcomes examined were discharge disposition and in‐hospital mortality. Univariate and multivariate comparisons were performed. Propensity matching was used to adjust for case mix in a post‐hoc analysis.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 83.5 years for ACE unit patients and 82.6 for bedspaced patients. In adjusted models, ACE unit patients were more likely to be discharged home (OR 1.28 [1.08–1.50], p = 0.003). In an unadjusted analysis, patients admitted to ACE unit were less likely to die in hospital, but this finding did not persist after adjustment for case mix.ConclusionCare of older adults delivered on a dedicated ACE unit increases the likelihood of discharge to home when compared to care delivered with an ACE order set alone for general internal medicine patients.
Advanced characterisation of 3D structure and porosity of ordinary portland cement (OPC) mortar using plasma focused ion beam tomography and X‐ray computed tomography
Authors: Dong Peng , Yuan Hui , Allahverdi Ali , Raveenthiran Jatheeshan , Piché Nicolas , Provencher Benjamin , Bassim Nabil D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe visualisation and quantification of pore networks and main phases have been critical research topics in cementitious materials as many critical mechanical and chemical properties and infrastructure reliability rely on these 3D characteristics. In this study, we realised the mesoscale serial sectioning and analysis up to ∼80 μm by ∼90 μm by ∼60 μm on portland cement mortar using plasma focused ion beam (PFIB) for the first time. The workflow of working with mortar and PFIB was established applying a prepositioned hard silicon mask to reduce curtaining. Segmentation with minimal human interference was performed using a trained neural network, in which multiple types of segmentation models were compared. Combining PFIB analysis at microscale with X‐ray micro‐computed tomography, the analysis of capillary pores and air voids ranging from hundreds of nanometres (nm) to millimetres (mm) can be conducted. The volume fraction of large capillary pores and air voids are 11.5% and 12.7%, respectively. Moreover, the skeletonisation of connected capillary pores clearly shows fluid transport pathways, which is a key factor determining durability performance of concrete in aggressive environments. Another interesting aspect of the FIB tomography is the reconstruction of anhydrous phases, which could enable direct study of hydration kinetics of individual cement phases.
Are Analyst Short‐Term Trade Ideas Valuable?
Authors: BIRRU JUSTIN , GOKKAYA SINAN , LIU XI , STULZ RENÉ M. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTShort‐term trade ideas are a component of analyst research highly valued by institutional investors. Using a novel and comprehensive database, we find that trade ideas have a stock price impact at least as large as recommendation and target price changes. Trade ideas based on expectations of future events are more informative than those identifying incomplete incorporation of past information in stock prices. Analysts with better access to a firm's management produce better trade ideas. Institutional investors trade in the direction of trade ideas. Investors following trade ideas can earn significant abnormal returns, consistent with analysts possessing valuable short‐term stock‐picking skills.
Effects of linseed oil supplementation in Holstein dairy calves received starters based on either corn or barley grain on growth performance and immune response
Authors: Momeni‐Pooya Fatemeh , Kazemi‐Bonchenari Mehdi , Mirzaei Mehdi , HosseinYazdi Mehdi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of linseed oil (LO) and two‐grain sources on growth performance, microbial protein yield (MPY), blood metabolites, and inflammatory markers in Holstein dairy calves. Forty‐eight 3‐day‐old dairy calves (24 males and 24 females) with starting BW of 40.3 ± 1.6 kg were allocated in a completely randomised block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement as follows; (1) Corn grain (CG) with no LO supplementation (CG‐NLO), (2) CG with 2.5% LO supplementation (CG‐LO), (3) Barley grain (BG) with no LO supplementation (BG‐NLO), and (4) BG with 2.5% LO supplementation (BG‐LO). The calves were weaned on d 59 but the study lasted for 14 days after weaning (Day 73 of experiment). The results showed that starter feed intake was influenced neither by grain source nor linseed oil. However, average daily gain, BW, hip height, and MPY were improved in calves received BG compared to CG diets. Linseed oil supplementation had no significant effects on growth performance and MPY. During preweaning period, calves fed BG‐LO had the greatest feed efficiency and the highest wither height. However, the greatest tumour necrosis factor and serum amyloid A were observed in BG‐NLO. Despite, LO supplementation did not influence growth performance of animals per se; however, it reduced circulating inflammatory markers in calves during preweaning period. Based on this study condition, BG is more favourable than CG in dairy calves from the daily gain and microbial protein synthesis perspectives, and supplementing the starters with n‐3 FA can be strategy to improve immune performance of calves fed barley‐based starter diets.
ALVAC‐fIL2, a feline interleukin‐2 immunomodulator, as a treatment for sarcoids in horses: A pilot study
Authors: Saba Corey , Eggleston Randall , Parks Andrew , Peroni John , Sjoberg Eric , Rice Shelbe , Tyma Jesse , Williams Jarred , Grosenbaugh Deborah , Leard A. Timothy 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSarcoid tumors are common in horses and may negatively impact the performance and value of the horse. No known treatment is reliably successful.Hypotheses/ObjectivesTo determine tolerability, overall response rate, time to response, and progression‐free survival of horses with biopsy‐confirmed or suspected sarcoids treated with ALVAC‐fIL2.AnimalsClient‐owned horses with measurable, presumed‐ or biopsy‐confirmed sarcoid tumors.MethodsProspective pilot study. One milliliter of ALVAC‐fIL2 was injected into 4 to 5 areas of the sarcoid(s) in each horse (week 0); this treatment was repeated in weeks 1, 3, and 7. Sarcoids were measured at each visit, and response to treatment was determined according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors for dogs (v1.0). After the final treatment, horses were reassessed and sarcoids remeasured every 3 months until tumor progression or for a minimum of 1 year if progression was not documented.ResultsFourteen horses were included. Tumor size decreased in 86% of the horses, and the median time to first response was 89 days (range, 34‐406 days). Median time to best response was 211 days (range, 56‐406 days), but 3 of the sarcoids still were decreasing in size at the time of final evaluation. The median progression‐free interval was not reached. Adverse events were minimal and included transient focal inflammation in 2 horses.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIntratumoral injection of ALVAC‐fIL2 has promise as a well‐tolerated and effective, tissue‐sparing treatment for horses with sarcoid tumors.
Genome assembly, structural variants, and genetic differentiation between lake whitefish young species pairs (Coregonus sp.) with long and short reads
Authors: Mérot Claire , Stenløkk Kristina S. R. , Venney Clare , Laporte Martin , Moser Michel , Normandeau Eric , Árnyasi Mariann , Kent Matthew , Rougeux Clément , Flynn Jullien M. , Lien Sigbjørn , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNascent pairs of ecologically differentiated species offer an opportunity to get a better glimpse at the genetic architecture of speciation. Of particular interest is our recent ability to consider a wider range of genomic variants, not only single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), thanks to long‐read sequencing technology. We can now identify structural variants (SVs) such as insertions, deletions and other rearrangements, allowing further insights into the genetic architecture of speciation and how different types of variants are involved in species differentiation. Here, we investigated genomic patterns of differentiation between sympatric species pairs (Dwarf and Normal) belonging to the lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) species complex. We assembled the first reference genomes for both C. clupeaformis sp. Normal and C. clupeaformis sp. Dwarf, annotated the transposable elements and analysed the genomes in the light of related coregonid species. Next, we used a combination of long‐ and short‐read sequencing to characterize SVs and genotype them at the population scale using genome‐graph approaches, showing that SVs cover five times more of the genome than SNPs. We then integrated both SNPs and SVs to investigate the genetic architecture of species differentiation in two different lakes and highlighted an excess of shared outliers of differentiation. In particular, a large fraction of SVs differentiating the two species correspond to insertions or deletions of transposable elements (TEs), suggesting that TE accumulation may represent a key component of genetic divergence between the Dwarf and Normal species. Together, our results suggest that SVs may play an important role in speciation and that, by combining second‐ and third‐generation sequencing, we now have the ability to integrate SVs into speciation genomics.
The trouble with personhood and person‐centred care
Authors: Tieu Matthew , Mudd Alexandra , Conroy Tiffany , Pinero de Plaza Alejandra , Kitson Alison 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe phrase ‘person‐centred care’ (PCC) reminds us that the fundamental philosophical goal of caring for people is to uphold or promote their personhood. However, such an idea has translated into promoting individualist notions of autonomy, empowerment and personal responsibility in the context of consumerism and neoliberalism, which is problematic both conceptually and practically. From a conceptual standpoint, it ignores the fact that humans are social, historical and biographical beings, and instead assumes an essentialist or idealized concept of personhood in which a person is viewed as an individual static object. From a practical standpoint, the application of such a concept of personhood can lead to neglect of a person's fundamental care needs and exacerbate the problems of social inequity, in particular for older people and people with dementia. Therefore, we argue that our understanding of PCC must instead be based on a dynamic concept of personhood that integrates the relevant social, relational, temporal and biographical dimensions. We propose that the correct concept of personhood in PCC is one in which persons are understood as socially embedded, relational and temporally extended subjects rather than merely individual, autonomous, asocial and atemporal objects. We then present a reconceptualization of the fundamental philosophical goal of PCC as promoting selfhood rather than personhood. Such a reconceptualization avoids the problems that beset the concept of personhood and its application in PCC, while also providing a philosophical foundation for the growing body of empirical literature that emphasizes the psychosocial, relational, subjective and biographical dimensions of PCC.
BSA‐seq and quantitative trait locus mapping reveals a major effective QTL for carpel number in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)
Authors: Qiu Boyan , Zhang Taifeng , Zhang Shuqing , Qu Qianrui , Zhu Zicheng , Liu Shusen , Song Zhengfeng , Xia Lianqin , Yang Zhongzhou , Zhang Qian , Luan Feishi , Gao Peng , Liu Shi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe carpel number (CN) is related to fruit shape variation in watermelon and represents one of the most important agronomic traits. In this study, ZXG01553 (5‐CN type) and W1‐17 (3‐CN type) lines were used as parental material to construct F1, F2 and backcross populations for genetic inheritance analysis and QTL (quantitative trait locus) mapping. The F1 generation displayed the 3‐CN type and the frequency distribution of F2 individuals showed partial separation suggesting that the 3‐CN was dominant to 5‐CN trait and controlled by a major gene. Bulked‐segregant analysis (BSA‐seq) identified a chromosome segment related to the CN trait spanning 2.44 Mb on chromosome 7. Genetic linkage analysis using QTL mapping software narrowed this region to 244 Kb, and a major effective QTL was detected between markers Chr07‐30681552 and Chr07‐30923898. Twenty‐four genes were identified in the QTL region, in which Cla97C07G143260 annotated as Receptor‐like protein kinase 2 was the most likely candidate gene for the CN trait in watermelon. Our research provides new insights into the forward genetics of CN variation in cucurbit crops.
Identifying mental health needs of children and youth with skin disease: A systematic review of screening and assessment tools
Authors: Russell Emily A. , Bennett Sophie D. , Ali Rukshana , Baron Susannah , Flohr Carsten , Grindlay Douglas , Heyman Isobel , McPherson Tess , Ravenscroft Jane C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and Objectives(1) To identify patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) which have been used to screen and assess mental health symptoms in studies of youth with skin disease. (2) To critically appraise their evidence base in this population.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted within PubMed and PsycINFO combining search terms for pediatric populations, dermatology, screening and assessment tools, and psychological and psychiatric conditions, to identify PROMs which screened or assessed for mental health symptoms in youth with skin disease. PROMs which had undergone validation within this population were assessed for quality and evidence base using the COSMIN risk of bias tool.ResultsOne hundred eleven PROMs which assess mental health symptoms in studies of youth with skin disease were identified. These included generic mental health scales which are extensively validated in different populations. Only one PROM, the “Skin Picking Scale—Revised” has undergone specific validation in youth with skin disease. This showed poor quality of evidence for content validity and therefore cannot be recommended.ConclusionThere is an urgent need to identify mental health problems early and treat proactively to improve outcomes in youth with skin disease. This review highlights the current lack of consensus around the best way to assess our patients. It is likely that existing generic mental health methods and PROMS will be appropriate for our needs. More work is required to examine the utility, feasibility, and acceptability of existing generic, validated mental health screening tools in youth with skin disease.
Alopecia in children undergoing chemotherapy, radiation, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Scoping review and approach to management
Authors: Kessler Stephen , Marzooq Ali , Sood Arun , Beebe Kristen , Walsh Alexandra , Montoya Liliana , Price Harper 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlopecia is a common sequela in children undergoing chemotherapy, radiation, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In most cases, this is a transient state in which full hair regrowth eventually occurs, but permanent or persistent alopecia, defined as the presence of incomplete hair regrowth more than 6 months after cessation of treatment, is possible and can be psychologically distressing. We sought to characterize the risk factors that can lead to permanent alopecia following the aforementioned treatments in pediatric populations, as well as diagnostic and treatment options that may be considered, as part of a scoping review of the literature. A general algorithm for approaching these patients was developed based on our findings.