bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the revised diagnostic criteria for primary plasma cell leukemia by the Korean Multiple Myeloma Working Party
Authors: Jung Sung-Hoon , Kim Kihyun , Yoon Sang Eun , Moon Joon Ho , Kim Dajung , Kim Hyo Jung , Kim Min Kyoung , Kim Kyoung Ha , Lee Hyun Jung , Lee Ji Hyun , Kim Sung-Hyun , Yoo Kawi Han , Lee Jae Hoon , Lee Je-Jung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe International Myeloma Working Group has recently revised the diagnostic criteria for primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL) to circulating plasma cells (CPCs) ≥ 5% in a peripheral blood smear. The present study validated new criteria in patients with multiple myeloma or PCL diagnosed using the previous diagnostic criteria, who were administered immunomodulatory drugs or proteasome inhibitors as induction therapy. We analyzed the medical records of 1357 patients from eight hospitals in South Korea. The median age of the all patients was 64 years, and 187 (13.8%) had CPCs at diagnosis. Only 79 (5.8%) of the patients had ≥ 5% CPCs. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with CPCs ≥ 5% and ≥ 20% was similar, but had significantly inferior median progression-free survival (PFS) and median OS than those with CPCs < 5% (13.1 vs. 21.5 months, P < 0.001, and 21.5 vs. 60.9 months, P < 0.001, respectively). Primary PCL diagnosed using the revised criteria presented with higher total calcium levels and serum creatinine levels, lower platelet counts and frequent organomegaly and plasmacytoma at diagnosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that the presence of plasmacytoma and elevated serum β2-microglobulin were significantly associated with OS in primary PCL. In conclusion, the revised criterion of CPCs ≥ 5% in a peripheral blood smear is appropriate for PCL diagnosis.
Retinoic acid-induced 1 gene haploinsufficiency alters lipid metabolism and causes autophagy defects in Smith-Magenis syndrome
Authors: Turco Elisa Maria , Giovenale Angela Maria Giada , Sireno Laura , Mazzoni Martina , Cammareri Alessandra , Marchioretti Caterina , Goracci Laura , Di Veroli Alessandra , Marchesan Elena , D’Andrea Daniel , Falconieri Antonella , Torres Barbara , Bernardini Laura , Magnifico Maria Chiara , Paone Alessio , Rinaldo Serena , Della Monica Matteo , D’Arrigo Stefano , Postorivo Diana , Nardone Anna Maria , Zampino Giuseppe , Onesimo Roberta , Leoni Chiara , Caicci Federico , Raimondo Domenico , Binda Elena , Trobiani Laura , De Jaco Antonella , Tata Ada Maria , Ferrari Daniela , Cutruzzolà Francesca , Mazzoccoli Gianluigi , Ziviani Elena , Pennuto Maria , Vescovi Angelo Luigi , Rosati Jessica 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSmith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by cognitive and behavioral symptoms, obesity, and sleep disturbance, and no therapy has been developed to alleviate its symptoms or delay disease onset. SMS occurs due to haploinsufficiency of the retinoic acid-induced-1 (RAI1) gene caused by either chromosomal deletion (SMS-del) or RAI1 missense/nonsense mutation. The molecular mechanisms underlying SMS are unknown. Here, we generated and characterized primary cells derived from four SMS patients (two with SMS-del and two carrying RAI1 point mutations) and four control subjects to investigate the pathogenetic processes underlying SMS. By combining transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses, we found altered expression of lipid and lysosomal genes, deregulation of lipid metabolism, accumulation of lipid droplets, and blocked autophagic flux. We also found that SMS cells exhibited increased cell death associated with the mitochondrial pathology and the production of reactive oxygen species. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine reduced cell death and lipid accumulation, which suggests a causative link between metabolic dyshomeostasis and cell viability. Our results highlight the pathological processes in human SMS cells involving lipid metabolism, autophagy defects and mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest new potential therapeutic targets for patient treatment.
Hydrogen atom collisions with a semiconductor efficiently promote electrons to the conduction band
Authors: Krüger Kerstin , Wang Yingqi , Tödter Sophia , Debbeler Felix , Matveenko Anna , Hertl Nils , Zhou Xueyao , Jiang Bin , Guo Hua , Wodtke Alec M. , Bünermann Oliver 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Born–Oppenheimer approximation is the keystone of modern computational chemistry and there is wide interest in understanding under what conditions it remains valid. Hydrogen atom scattering from insulator, semi-metal and metal surfaces has helped provide such information. The approximation is adequate for insulators and for metals it fails, but not severely. Here we present hydrogen atom scattering from a semiconductor surface: Ge(111)c(2 × 8). Experiments show bimodal energy-loss distributions revealing two channels. Molecular dynamics trajectories within the Born–Oppenheimer approximation reproduce one channel quantitatively. The second channel transfers much more energy and is absent in simulations. It grows with hydrogen atom incidence energy and exhibits an energy-loss onset equal to the Ge surface bandgap. This leads us to conclude that hydrogen atom collisions at the surface of a semiconductor are capable of promoting electrons from the valence to the conduction band with high efficiency. Our current understanding fails to explain these observations.
Global patterns in marine organic matter stoichiometry driven by phytoplankton ecophysiology
Authors: Inomura Keisuke , Deutsch Curtis , Jahn Oliver , Dutkiewicz Stephanie , Follows Michael J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe proportion of major elements in marine organic matter links cellular processes to global nutrient, oxygen and carbon cycles. Differences in the C:N:P ratios of organic matter have been observed between ocean biomes, but these patterns have yet to be quantified from the underlying small-scale physiological and ecological processes. Here we use an ecosystem model that includes adaptive resource allocation within and between ecologically distinct plankton size classes to attribute the causes of global patterns in the C:N:P ratios. We find that patterns of N:C variation are largely driven by common physiological adjustment strategies across all phytoplankton, while patterns of N:P are driven by ecological selection for taxonomic groups with different phosphorus storage capacities. Although N:C varies widely due to cellular adjustment to light and nutrients, its latitudinal gradient is modest because of depth-dependent trade-offs between nutrient and light availability. Strong latitudinal variation in N:P reflects an ecological balance favouring small plankton with lower P storage capacity in the subtropics, and larger eukaryotes with a higher cellular P storage capacity in nutrient-rich high latitudes. A weaker N:P difference between southern and northern hemispheres, and between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, reflects differences in phosphate available for cellular storage. Despite simulating only two phytoplankton size classes, the emergent global variability of elemental ratios resembles that of all measured species, suggesting that the range of growth conditions and ecological selection sustain the observed diversity of stoichiometry among phytoplankton.
Structures of transcription preinitiation complex engaged with the +1 nucleosome
Authors: Wang Haibo , Schilbach Sandra , Ninov Momchil , Urlaub Henning , Cramer Patrick 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe preinitiation complex (PIC) assembles on promoters of protein-coding genes to position RNA polymerase II (Pol II) for transcription initiation. Previous structural studies revealed the PIC on different promoters, but did not address how the PIC assembles within chromatin. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, PIC assembly occurs adjacent to the +1 nucleosome that is located downstream of the core promoter. Here we present cryo-EM structures of the yeast PIC bound to promoter DNA and the +1 nucleosome located at three different positions. The general transcription factor TFIIH engages with the incoming downstream nucleosome and its translocase subunit Ssl2 (XPB in human TFIIH) drives the rotation of the +1 nucleosome leading to partial detachment of nucleosomal DNA and intimate interactions between TFIIH and the nucleosome. The structures provide insights into how transcription initiation can be influenced by the +1 nucleosome and may explain why the transcription start site is often located roughly 60 base pairs upstream of the dyad of the +1 nucleosome in yeast.
Prediction of $$\beta $$-Thalassemia carriers using complete blood count features
Authors: Rustam Furqan , Ashraf Imran , Jabbar Shehbaz , Tutusaus Kilian , Mazas Cristina , Barrera Alina Eugenia Pascual , de la Torre Diez Isabel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract$$\beta $$
β
-Thalassemia is one of the dangerous causes of the high mortality rate in the Mediterranean countries. Substantial resources are required to save a $$\beta $$
β
-Thalassemia carriers’ life and early detection of thalassemia patients can help appropriate treatment to increase the carrier’s life expectancy. Being a genetic disease, it can not be prevented however the analysis of several indicators in parents’ blood can be used to detect disorders causing Thalassemia. Laboratory tests for Thalassemia are time-consuming and expensive like high-performance liquid chromatography, Complete Blood Count (CBC) with peripheral smear, genetic test, etc. Red blood indices from CBC can be used with machine learning models for the same task. Despite the available approaches for Thalassemia carriers from CBC data, gaps exist between the desired and achieved accuracy. Moreover, the data imbalance problem is studied well which makes the models less generalizable. This study proposes a highly accurate approach for $$\beta $$
β
-Thalassemia detection using red blood indices from CBC augmented by supervised machine learning. In view of the fact that all the features do not carry predictive information regarding the target variable, this study employs a unified framework of two features selection techniques including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Singular Vector Decomposition (SVD). The data imbalance between $$\beta $$
β
-Thalassemia carrier and non-carriers is handled by Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) and Adaptive Synthetic (ADASYN). Extensive experiments are performed using many state-of-the-art machine learning models and deep learning models. Experimental results indicate the superiority of the proposed approach over existing approaches with an accuracy score of 0.96.
Monitoring of magmatic–hydrothermal system by noble gas and carbon isotopic compositions of fumarolic gases
Authors: Obase Tomoya , Sumino Hirochika , Toyama Kotaro , Kawana Kaori , Yamane Kohei , Yaguchi Muga , Terada Akihiko , Ohba Takeshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe repeatedly measured isotopic compositions of noble gases and CO2 in volcanic gases sampled at six fumaroles around the Kusatsu-Shirane volcano (Japan) between 2014 and 2021 to detect variations reflecting recent volcanic activity. The synchronous increases in 3He/4He at some fumaroles suggest an increase in magmatic gas supply since 2018. The increase in magmatic gas supply is also supported by the temporal variations in 3He/CO2 ratios and carbon isotopic ratios of CO2. The 3He/40Ar* ratios (40Ar*: magmatic 40Ar) show significant increases in the period of high 3He/4He ratios. The temporal variation in 3He/40Ar* ratios may reflect changes in magma vesicularity. Therefore, the 3He/40Ar* ratio of fumarolic gases is a useful parameter to monitor the current state of degassing magma, which is essential for understanding the deep process of volcanic unrest and may contribute to identifying precursors of a future eruption. These results provide additional validation for the use of noble gas and carbon isotopic compositions of fumarolic gases for monitoring magmatic–hydrothermal systems.
Left ventricular T1-mapping in diastole versus systole in patients with mitral regurgitation
Authors: Liu Boyang , Sharma Harish , Su Khin Kyaw , Wesolowski Roman , Hothi Sandeep S. , Myerson Saul G. , Steeds Richard P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCardiovascular magnetic resonance T1-mapping enables myocardial tissue characterisation, and is capable of quantifying both intracellular and extracellular volume. T1-mapping is conventionally performed in diastole, however, we hypothesised that systolic readout would reduce variability due to a reduction in myocardial blood volume. This study investigated whether T1-mapping in systole alters T1 values compared to diastole and whether reproducibility alters in atrial fibrillation compared to sinus rhythm. We prospectively identified 103 consecutive patients recruited to the Mitral FINDER study who had T1 mapping in systole and diastole. These patients had moderate or severe mitral regurgitation and a high incidence of ventricular dilatation and atrial fibrillation. T1, ECV and goodness-of-fit (R2) values of the T1 times were calculated offline using Circle cvi42 and in house-developed software. Systolic T1 mapping was associated with fewer myocardial segments being affected by artefact compared to diastolic T1 mapping [217/2472 (9%) vs 515/2472 (21%)]. Mean native T1 values were not significantly different when measured in systole and diastole (985 ± 26 ms vs 988 ± 29 respectively; p = 0.061) and mean post-contrast values showed similar good agreement (462 ± 32 ms vs 459 ± 33 respectively, p = 0.052). No clinically significant differences in ECV, native T1 and post-contrast T1 were identified between diastolic and systolic T1 maps in males versus females, or in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation versus sinus rhythm. A statistically significant improvement in R2 value was observed with systolic over diastolic T1 mapping in all analysed maps (n = 411) (96.2 ± 1.4% vs 96.0 ± 1.4%; p < 0.001) and in subgroup analyses [Sinus rhythm: 96.1 ± 1.4 vs 96.3 ± 1.4 (n = 327); p < 0.001. AF: 95.5 ± 1.3 vs 95.9 ± 1.2 (n = 80); p < 0.001] [Males: 95.8 ± 1.4 vs 96.1 ± 1.3 (n = 264); p < 0.001; Females: 96.2 ± 1.3 vs 96.4 ± 1.4 (n = 143); p = 0.009]. In conclusion, myocardial T1 mapping is associated with similar T1 and ECV values in systole and diastole. Furthermore, systolic acquisition is less prone to gating artefact in arrhythmia.
Development of a novel electroporation method for the oyster parasite Perkinsus marinus
Authors: Sakamoto Hirokazu , Lin Xiaoxia X. , Bai Yun D. , Chen Xue F. , Zhang Ziyue Z. , Honjo Yui , Hikosaka Kenji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGene manipulation techniques are fundamental to molecular biology and are continuously being improved. However, gene transfection methods are not established for many unicellular eukaryotes (protists), thereby hindering molecular biological investigations. The oyster parasite Perkinisus marinus is one of the few protists with established gene transfection and drug selection. Nevertheless, the present protocols are tedious, requiring a specific electroporator and pulse conditions which limits the accessibility of this technique across different research groups. Here, we present alternative buffer and electroporation conditions that make the protocol less restrictive. We revealed the pulse condition that enables the introduction of plasmids into P. marinus cell using Ingenio electroporation buffer and NEPA21 electroporator. We found that number of cells and plasmid concentration were critical parameters for the electroporation system. We also constructed a simpler expression plasmid that is removed needless regions for gene expression in the parasite. Our findings resolved the equipment restriction in electroporation of P. marinus and would be a good reference for electroporation in other protists, in particular other Perkinsozoa parasites and core dinoflagellates.
Dark-field chest X-ray imaging for the assessment of COVID-19-pneumonia
Authors: Frank Manuela , Gassert Florian T. , Urban Theresa , Willer Konstantin , Noichl Wolfgang , Schick Rafael , Schultheiss Manuel , Viermetz Manuel , Gleich Bernhard , De Marco Fabio , Herzen Julia , Koehler Thomas , Engel Klaus Jürgen , Renger Bernhard , Gassert Felix G. , Sauter Andreas , Fingerle Alexander A. , Haller Bernhard , Makowski Marcus R. , Pfeiffer Daniela , Pfeiffer Franz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, alternative medical imaging methods for the assessment of pulmonary involvement in patients infected with COVID-19 are sought that combine a higher sensitivity than conventional (attenuation-based) chest radiography with a lower radiation dose than CT imaging.

Methods
Sixty patients with COVID-19-associated lung changes in a CT scan and 40 subjects without pathologic lung changes visible in the CT scan were included (in total, 100, 59 male, mean age 58 ± 14 years). All patients gave written informed consent. We employed a clinical setup for grating-based dark-field chest radiography, obtaining both a dark-field and a conventional attenuation image in one image acquisition. Attenuation images alone, dark-field images alone, and both displayed simultaneously were assessed for the presence of COVID-19-associated lung changes on a scale from 1 to 6 (1 = surely not, 6 = surely) by four blinded radiologists. Statistical analysis was performed by evaluation of the area under the receiver–operator-characteristics curves (AUC) using Obuchowski’s method with a 0.05 level of significance.

Results
We show that dark-field imaging has a higher sensitivity for COVID-19-pneumonia than attenuation-based imaging and that the combination of both is superior to one imaging modality alone. Furthermore, a quantitative image analysis shows a significant reduction of dark-field signals for COVID-19-patients.

Conclusions
Dark-field imaging complements and improves conventional radiography for the visualisation and detection of COVID-19-pneumonia.
Fifty years of impact on treating bone disease: a commentary on Gasser et al.
Authors: Dent Elena L. , Ryan Michael J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The precise control of whole-body calcium is essential for the maintenance of normal physiological function. Disruptions in calcium homeostasis can lead to pathology including osteoporosis, kidney stone formation, and cardiac arrythmias. During the 1960s and early 1970s, a full understanding of calcium metabolism was still emerging. This commentary spotlights a seminal Clinical Science paper published in 1972 that significantly advanced the field and contributed to the eventual approval of bisphosphonate drugs commonly used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis, cancer metastases, and other calcium disorders.
Validating Four Hmong Word Recognition Tests With Normal-Hearing Bilingual Hmong Individuals
Authors: Lor Maichou , Richmond Burke , Ploch Jennifer , Brown Roger , Xiong Bao , O'Donnell Elizabeth , Rao Rajiv 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to validate four digitally recorded and phonetically balanced 50-word recognition lists in the White Hmong dialect with normal-hearing bilingual Hmong adults.

Method:

Using a randomized, incomplete-block design, each participant listened to and repeated four unique Hmong lists delivered by a female and a male talker. Participants were also tested with an English word list—List 1A of the Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6. Participants' correct pronunciation of each word was scored. A nonparametric Mann–Whitney
U
Location Difference Test for Equivalence using two one-sided tests equivalence hypothesis: −0.02 < [(List_1) – (List_2)] < 0.02 was conducted to assess equivalence among all four Hmong and the English lists.

Results:

Seventy Hmong speakers participated in this study (35 women, 35 men;
M
age
= 29.5 years,
SD
= 7.1). In all four Hmong lists, 93.5% (187/200) words met the validation criteria for ≥ 92% correct pronunciation. The 13 difficult words were deemed adequate by a Hmong panel and, therefore, were included to maintain four unique, balanced word lists. The test revealed that the Hmong and English word lists were considered equivalent at the 2% bound.

Conclusion:
The four Hmong word lists were validated to ensure an equal range of word difficulty across the lists.
Bullying and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Teacher Perspectives and the Role of the Speech-Language Pathologist
Authors: Plumb Allison M. , Moates Ashley E. , Piazza Lindsey I. , Mauldin Erin Ofe 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers' perceptions of bullying of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their views of the speech-language pathologist (SLP) as a source of support regarding bullying management.

Method:

A web-based survey was created and distributed through e-mail and Facebook. One hundred twenty-six general and special education teachers completed the survey. The majority of teachers indicated teaching elementary grades (
n
= 81, 64%). The remainder indicated teaching middle school, high school, or specialized school. The teachers' experience ranged from less than 1 year to greater than 10 years. All teachers reported teaching at least one student with ASD within the past 5 years.

Results:
The majority of participants acknowledged bullying of children with ASD as a problem and witnessed bullying at their schools. Teachers were least likely to select SLPs as school professionals who could play a valuable role in the management of bullying.

Conclusions:
SLPs' training in social communication places them in a unique position to contribute to bullying management. School-based SLPs should therefore educate school personnel on the unique and necessary role they can play to help foster a safe and inclusive school culture for students with disabilities, including those with ASD.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21554814
A higher prediction accuracy–based alpha–beta filter algorithm using the feedforward artificial neural network
Authors: Khan Junaid , Lee Eunkyu , Kim Kyungsup 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe alpha–beta filter algorithm has been widely researched for various applications, for example, navigation and target tracking systems. To improve the dynamic performance of the alpha–beta filter algorithm, a new prediction learning model is proposed in this study. The proposed model has two main components: (1) the alpha–beta filter algorithm is the main prediction module, and (2) the learning module is a feedforward artificial neural network (FF‐ANN). Furthermore, the model uses two inputs, temperature sensor and humidity sensor data, and a prediction algorithm is used to predict actual sensor readings from noisy sensor readings. Using the novel proposed technique, prediction accuracy is significantly improved while adding the feed‐forward backpropagation neural network, and also reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). We carried out different experiments with different experimental setups. The proposed model performance was evaluated with the traditional alpha–beta filter algorithm and other algorithms such as the Kalman filter. A higher prediction accuracy was achieved, and the MAE and RMSE were 35.1%–38.2% respectively. The final proposed model results show increased performance when compared to traditional methods.