bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A risk assessment model for transfusion transmission of dengue
Authors: Huang Y. , Forshee R.A. , Fares-Gusmao R. , Chancey C. , Rios M. , Anderson S.A. , Yang H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a disease-causing agent normally transmitted from person to person through the bite of an infected mosquito. In addition to mosquito-borne cases of dengue, there are instances of transmission of dengue after receipt of blood products or donor organs or tissue. To improve blood safety, we developed a quantitative risk assessment model to estimate the dengue risk of transmission to blood transfusion recipients from preclinical and subclinical blood donors. We derived predictive coefficients from model simulations for predicting the risk outcomes such as monthly infectious blood units and transfusion-transmitted DENV cases based on the rate of reported clinical cases. The model was validated with a previous study where donor blood samples from the 2012 dengue transmission season in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were tested for DENV RNA by a transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assay. In that study, about 69·4% of donations were tested by the TMA assay and 78 samples were found positive, indicating that 112 DENV RNA-positive donations would have been detected if testing screening had been performed on all donations. Our model estimated a mean of 93 (2.5–97.5th%ile: 47–186) infected units among the donations, which was consistent with the reported numbers.
Acclimatory gene expression of primed clams enhances robustness to elevated pCO2
Authors: Gurr Samuel J. , Trigg Shelly A. , Vadopalas Brent , Roberts Steven B. , Putnam Hollie M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSublethal exposure to environmental challenges may enhance ability to cope with chronic or repeated change, a process known as priming. In a previous study, pre‐exposure to seawater enriched with pCO2 improved growth and reduced antioxidant capacity of juvenile Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa clams, suggesting that transcriptional shifts may drive phenotypic modifications post‐priming. To this end, juvenile clams were sampled and TagSeq gene expression data were analysed after (i) a 110‐day acclimation under ambient (921 μatm, naïve) and moderately elevated pCO2 (2870 μatm, pre‐exposed); then following (ii) a second 7‐day exposure to three pCO2 treatments (ambient: 754 μatm; moderately elevated: 2750 μatm; severely elevated: 4940 μatm), a 7‐day return to ambient pCO2 and a third 7‐day exposure to two pCO2 treatments (ambient: 967 μatm; moderately elevated: 3030 μatm). Pre‐exposed geoducks frontloaded genes for stress and apoptosis/innate immune response, homeostatic processes, protein degradation and transcriptional modifiers. Pre‐exposed geoducks were also responsive to subsequent encounters, with gene sets enriched for mitochondrial recycling and immune defence under elevated pCO2 and energy metabolism and biosynthesis under ambient recovery. In contrast, gene sets with higher expression in naïve clams were enriched for fatty‐acid degradation and glutathione components, suggesting naïve clams could be depleting endogenous fuels, with unsustainable energetic requirements if changes in carbonate chemistry persist. Collectively, our transcriptomic data indicate that pCO2 priming during post‐larval periods could, via gene expression regulation, enhance robustness in bivalves to environmental change. Such priming approaches may be beneficial for aquaculture, as seafood demand intensifies concurrent with increasing climate change in marine systems.
The CLP and PREP protease systems coordinate maturation and degradation of the chloroplast proteome in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Rowland Elden , Kim Jitae , Friso Giulia , Poliakov Anton , Ponnala Lalit , Sun Qi , van Wijk Klaas J. 
Published: August 2022

Summary

A network of peptidases governs proteostasis in plant chloroplasts and mitochondria. This study reveals strong genetic and functional interactions in Arabidopsis between the chloroplast stromal CLP chaperone‐protease system and the PREP1,2 peptidases, which are dually localized to chloroplast stroma and the mitochondrial matrix.

Higher order mutants defective in CLP or PREP proteins were generated and analyzed by quantitative proteomics and N‐terminal proteomics (terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS)).

Strong synergistic interactions were observed between the CLP protease system (clpr1‐2, clpr2‐1, clpc1‐1, clpt1, clpt2) and both PREP homologs (prep1, prep2) resulting in embryo lethality or growth and developmental phenotypes. Synergistic interactions were observed even when only one of the PREP proteins was lacking, suggesting that PREP1 and PREP2 have divergent substrates. Proteome phenotypes were driven by the loss of CLP protease capacity, with little impact from the PREP peptidases. Chloroplast N‐terminal proteomes showed that many nuclear encoded chloroplast proteins have alternatively processed N‐termini in prep1prep2, clpt1clpt2 and prep1prep2clpt1clpt2.

Loss of chloroplast protease capacity interferes with stromal processing peptidase (SPP) activity due to folding stress and low levels of accumulated cleaved cTP fragments. PREP1,2 proteolysis of cleaved cTPs is complemented by unknown proteases. A model for CLP and PREP activity within a hierarchical chloroplast proteolysis network is proposed.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Coflex‐F and Pedicle Screw Fixation: Finite Element Analysis of Static and Vibration Conditions
Authors: Zhu Jia , Shen Hangkai , Cui Yangyang , Fogel Guy R. , Liao Zhenhua , Liu Weiqiang 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the biomechanics of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with interspinous process device (IPD) or pedicle screw fixation under both static and vibration conditions by the finite element (FE) method.MethodA validated FE model of the L1‐5 lumbar spine was used in this study. This FE model derived from computed tomography images of a healthy female adult volunteer of appropriate age. Then the model was modified to simulate L3‐4 TLIF. Four conditions were compared: (i) intact; (ii) TLIF combined with bilateral pedicle screw fixation (BPSF); (iii) TLIF combined with U‐shaped IPD Coflex‐F (CF); and (iv) TLIF combined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation (UPSF). The intact and surgical FE models were analyzed under static and vibration loading conditions respectively. For static loading conditions, four motion modes (flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation) were simulated. For vibration loading conditions, the dynamic responses of lumbar spine under sinusoidal vertical load were simulated.ResultUnder static loading conditions, compared with intact case, BPSF decreased range of motion (ROM) by 92%, 95%, 89% and 92% in flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation, respectively. While CF decreased ROM by 87%, 90%, 69% and 80%, and UPSF decreased ROM by 84%, 89%, 66% and 82%, respectively. Compared with CF, UPSF increased the endplate stress by 5%–8% in flexion, 7%–10% in extension, 2%–4% in lateral bending, and decreased the endplate stress by 16%–19% in axial rotation. Compared with CF, UPSF increased the cage stress by 9% in flexion, 10% in extension, and decreased the cage stress by 3% in lateral bending, and 13% in axial rotation. BPSF decreased the stress responses of endplates and cage compared with CF and UPSF. Compared BPSF, CF decreased the facet joint force (FJF) by 6%–13%, and UPSF decreased the FJF by 4%–12%. During vibration loading conditions, compared with BPSF, CF reduced maximum values of the FJF by 16%–32%, and vibration amplitudes by 22%–35%, while UPSF reduced maximum values by 20%–40%, and vibration amplitudes by 31%–45%.ConclusionCompared with other surgical models, BPSF increased the stability of lumbar spine, and also showed advantages in cage stress and endplate stress. CF showed advantages in IDP and FJF especially during vertical vibration, which may lead to lower risk of adjacent segment degeneration. CF may be an effective alternative to pedicle screw fixation in TLIF procedures.
Optimizing resource allocation in service systems via simulation: A Bayesian formulation
Authors: Chen Weiwei , Gao Siyang , Chen Wenjie , Du Jianzhong 
Published: August 2022

The service sector has become increasingly important in today's economy. To meet the rising expectation of high‐quality services, efficiently allocating resources is vital for service systems to balance service qualities with costs. In particular, this paper focuses on a class of resource allocation problems where the service‐level objective and constraints are in the form of probabilistic measures. Further, process complexity and system dynamics in service systems often render their performance evaluation and optimization challenging and relying on simulation models. To this end, we propose a generalized resource allocation model with probabilistic measures, and subsequently, develop an optimal computing budget allocation (OCBA) formulation to select the optimal solution subject to random noises in simulation. The OCBA formulation minimizes the expected opportunity cost that penalizes based on the quality of the selected solution. Further, the formulation takes a Bayesian approach to consider the prior knowledge and potential performance correlations on candidate solutions. Then, the asymptotic optimality conditions of the formulation are derived, and an iterative algorithm is developed accordingly. Numerical experiments and a case study inspired by a real‐world problem in a hospital emergency department demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for solving the resource allocation problem via simulation.
Enhancing trainee clinical scientists' self‐regulated learning in the workplace
Authors: Smith Megan , Buckley Sharon , Davison Ian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTrainee health professionals must be competent self‐regulated learners, particularly when learning in busy, unpredictable clinical settings. Whilst research indicates self‐regulated learning (SRL) is influenced both by learners' individual actions and their interactions with others, how these combine to foster SRL requires further exploration. We have used Zimmerman's learner‐focused SRL model and the situative perspective of communities of practice (CoPs) to investigate how UK trainee clinical scientists regulate their learning. Our aims were to develop a holistic understanding of SRL in the clinical workplace incorporating both individual and social aspects and to suggest ways of maximising learning for trainee clinical scientists and other health professionals.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 13 trainees on the Scientist Training Programme. Transcripts were analysed both inductively and deductively (abductively) using Zimmerman's model and CoPs to explore how trainees regulate their learning.ResultsThematic analysis yielded four themes: approach to learning, engagement and execution of tasks in practice; self‐reflection and reaction; and autonomy and role construction. Themes linked concepts from Zimmerman's model and CoPs, as illustrated by our trainee–workplace congruence model. Our model suggests optimal conditions for SRL, and we highlight the importance of trainers in supporting trainee development.ConclusionsOur trainee–workplace congruence model links concepts from Zimmerman's model and CoPs to provide a framework for understanding how trainee clinical scientists regulate their learning and navigate its social aspects. Whilst trainees must take responsibility for their learning, trainers can facilitate SRL through attention to trainee‐workplace ‘fit’ and encouraging trainee participation in communities of practice.
Traffic volume prediction for scenic spots based on multi‐source and heterogeneous data
Authors: Gao Yuan , Chiang Yao‐Yi , Zhang Xiaoxi , Zhang Min 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTraffic prediction for scenic spots is an important topic in modeling an urban traffic system. Existing traffic prediction approaches typically use raw traffic data and road networks without considering the physical environment and human–environment interaction. This article presents a novel traffic prediction model that considers: (1) the topological structure of the city road network; (2) the popularity and accessibility of each scenic spot in the city; and (3) the traffic volumes of nearby scenic spots. The proposed model first learns a series of traffic dependency graphs by the Multi‐graph Convolutional Network using multiple data sources describing historical traffic volumes, scenic spots popularity, land function, location, and accessibility. The graph nodes represent the scenic spots, and the links between them represent their traffic dependency, considering all traffic and geographic features. Then the proposed model uses the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) to capture the temporal dependency between multiple fused graphs for traffic volume prediction. The experiments show that the proposed model (M‐GCNGRU) can effectively exploit and integrate geographic data with historical traffic data for traffic volume prediction, outperforming several classical and state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Novel study on the prevalence of Trichinella spiralis in farmed American minks (Neovison vison) associated with exposure to wild rats (Rattus norvegicus) in China
Authors: Zhang Nian‐Zhang , Li Wen‐Hui , Yu Hai‐Jie , Liu Yin‐Ju , Qin Hong‐Tao , Jia Wan‐Zhong , Fu Bao‐Quan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMinks and brown rats are reservoir hosts for many endoparasites including those of the genus Trichinella, a group of parasite nematodes with a worldwide distribution. However, little is known about the prevalence of Trichinella sp. infection in the American mink (Neovison vison) and rats (Rattus norvegicus) in China. Therefore, we aimed to examine the prevalence of Trichinella sp. infection in farmed minks in Weihai city, Shandong province, China and infer the possible route for Trichinella transmission to farmed American minks. In total, 289 muscle samples from minks and 102 carcasses of rats were collected from Weihai City. The appearance of Trichinella sp. was examined using the pooled artificial HCl‐pepsin digestion method. The results showed that muscle larvae were detected in 20 of 289 minks (6.92%) and 2 of 102 synanthropic rats (1.96%). The larval density of Trichinella sp. in mink samples ranged from 0.025 to 0.815 larvae per gram (lpg), while the average larval burden in rats was 0.17 lpg. The isolates derived from minks and rats were identified at the species level using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which revealed that the size of the two PCR products matched that of T. spiralis at 173 bp. Furthermore, sequence analysis showed 100% identity of the 5S rDNA inter‐gene spacer regions of the two isolates to that of T. spiralis. This study presents a novel report of T. spiralis‐mediated infection in minks and synanthropic rats in China. We highlight the vulnerability of farmed minks to Trichinella infection through exposure to synanthropic rats, which may raise a public health concern of potential zoonotic risks for domestic animals.
An Analysis of Transient Response Moments of a Linear System Subjected to Non-Gaussian Random Excitation Using Higher-Order Autocorrelation Functions of Excitation
Authors: Fukushima Hideto , Tsuchida Takahiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present the analytical solutions of the second-, third-, and fourth-order response moments of a single-degree-of-freedom linear system subjected to a class of non-Gaussian random excitation. The non-Gaussian excitation is a zero-mean stationary stochastic process prescribed by an arbitrary probability density and a power spectrum whose peak is located at zero frequency. The excitation is described by an Itô stochastic differential equation in which the drift and diffusion coefficients are determined from the probability density and spectral density of the excitation. In order to obtain the analytical solutions of the response moments, first, we derive the third- and fourth-order autocorrelation functions of the non-Gaussian excitation using its Markov and detailed balance properties. The third-order correlation function is given by the same expression regardless of the difference in the probability density function of the excitation. On the other hand, the fourth-order correlation function is derived under the assumption that the excitation probability density belongs to the Pearson distribution family, which is one of the widest classes of probability distributions. Then, combining the autocorrelation functions of the excitation and the convolution representation of the response, we obtain the exact solutions of the response moments, and it is shown what kind of components the response moments are composed of. Finally, we investigate the dominant time-varying components of the response moments for several different excitation bandwidths.
Coping styles associated with depression, health anxiety and health-related quality of life in pulmonary hypertension: cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Rawlings Gregg Harry , Thompson Andrew R , Armstrong Iain , Novakova Barbora , Beail Nigel 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-shortening disease associated with early mortality and high morbidity. With advancements in medical treatment, people are living longer with the disease, and research is now needed to explore variables that help to enhance patient-reported outcomes. This study investigated the coping strategies of individuals with PH and examined the relationship between coping, depression, health anxiety and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).DesignA cross-sectional survey design was used.ParticipantsParticipants (n=121) were recruited from membership of Pulmonary Hypertension Association (PHA) UK.Outcome measuresParticipants completed a series of questionnaires assessing depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), health anxiety (Short Health Anxiety Inventory), HRQoL (emPHasis-10) and coping (Brief COPE). A principal component analysis was used to identify participants’ coping profile. A series of correlational, linear and moderated multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the relationship between coping and health-related outcomes.ResultsOverall, 43% participants met criteria for potential clinical depression. Depression and health anxiety were strongly associated with HRQoL, explaining 37% and 30% of variance respectively (p<0.001). A principal component analysis identified a four-component model of coping. Dimensions were named based on construct items: ‘cognitive and affirmation coping’ (seven items), ‘passive coping’ (four items), ‘external coping’ (seven items) and ‘substance use coping’ (two items). Cognitive and affirmation and external coping moderated the relationship between depression and HRQoL, with high use of these coping strategies reducing the impact of depression on HRQoL. External coping also moderated the effect of health anxiety on HRQoL.ConclusionsThe results uniquely highlight the importance of coping styles and psychological distress in predicting HRQoL in PH. Our findings indicate the importance to assess for psychological distress in this population and suggest the need to offer psychological interventions that take into account coping resources and strategies.
Analyses and identification of ICD codes for dementias in the research based on the NHIRD: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Shih Ying-Jyun , Wang Jiun-Yi , Wang Ya-Hui , Shih Rong-Rong , Yang Yung-Jen 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionStudies based on health claims data (HCD) have been increasingly adopted in medical research for their strengths in large sample size and abundant information, and the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) has been widely used in medical research across disciplines, including dementia. How the diagnostic codes are applied to define the diseases/conditions of interest is pivotal in HCD-related research, but the consensus on the issue that diagnostic codes most appropriately define dementias in the NHIRD is lacking. The objectives of this scoping review are (1) to investigate the relevant characteristics in the published reports targeting dementias based on the NHIRD, and (2) to address the diversity by a case study.Methods and analysisThis scoping review protocol follows the methodological framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual and the guidance of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. The review will be performed between 1 March and 31 December 2022 in five stages, including identifying the relevant studies, developing search strategies, individually screening and selecting evidence, collecting and extracting data, and summarising and reporting the results. The electronic databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, Airiti Library Academic Database, the National Health Insurance Administration’s repository, and Taiwan Government Research Bulletin will be searched. We will perform narrative syntheses of the results to address research questions and will analyse the prevalence across the included individual studies as a case study.Ethics and disseminationOur scoping review is a review of the published reports and ethical approval is not required. The results will provide a panorama of the dementia studies based on the NHIRD. We will disseminate our findings through peer-reviewed journals and conferences, and share with stakeholders by distributing the summaries in social media and emails.
HOW MUCH STABILITY DO WE NEED IN THE 1 MM PRESS-FIT IMPLANTATION OF A POROUS-COATED ACETABULAR COMPONENT WITHOUT SCREWS DURING SURGERY?
Authors: Çataltepe Aziz , Unay Koray 
Published: August 2022

Background: Press-fit implantation of a porous-coated acetabular component without screws can be used for total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of this report is to determine adequate initial stability of the acetabular component by applying a novel method would allow us to avoid screw use and to evaluate the outcomes of an oversized hemispherical cup using the 1 mm press-fit technique. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 119 consecutive patients who underwent THA from February 2011 to June 2015. The intra-operative stability of fixation was checked by trying to pull the metal shell out of the acetabulum using the shell holder (pull-out test). We confirmed these tests using a digital hand scale. When we reached 9 to 10 kg (1 kg = 9.81 N), we showed that the acetabular shell achieved good stability. Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis was performed to calculate the survival rate of the acetabular component. Results: The mean follow-up was 6.9 years (5–10 years). No component was revised because of loosening, and all implants were radiologically stable within the observation period. One socket had been revised because of failure of dislocation, which had [Formula: see text] acetabular inclination. There was an acetabular fracture in one hip, which was operated on prior to THA. Conclusions: We used a new method to assess the initial stability gained using the press-fit technique, which may allow the surgeon to determine whether adequate initial stability is achieved. Cup position has a significant impact on the risk of revision of press-fit cementless acetabular component. The risk for early failure can be decreased by optimal cup positioning during primary implantation. In addition, while a stable bone-implant connection is desirable, fracture of the acetabulum can be avoided using the 1 mm press-fit technique.