bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the variation of the Malassezia load in the interdigital fold of dogs with pododermatitis
Authors: Díaz Leyna , Castellá Gemma , Bragulat M. Rosa , Paytuví-Gallart Andreu , Sanseverino Walter , Cabañes F. Javier 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The yeast Malassezia pachydermatis is a common inhabitant of the skin and mucosae of dogs. However, under certain circumstances this yeast can overgrow and act as an opportunistic pathogen causing otitis and dermatitis in dogs. Canine pododermatitis is a common disorder in dogs in which M. pachydermatis acts as an opportunistic pathogen. In the present study, the presence of Malassezia yeasts was assessed and quantified in samples collected from the interdigital space of dogs with pododermatitis before and after treatment, and from healthy dogs. The samples were subjected to two different cytological examinations, culture on Sabouraud glucose agar and modified Dixon’s agar and a quantitative PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genomic region. A selection of samples was analyzed by next generation sequencing (NGS) using the D1D2 domain of the large subunit of the ribosomal DNA as target. The pododermatitis samples before treatment showed higher cell counts, colony-forming units and ITS copies than the rest of samples. The NGS analysis revealed that Ascomycota was the main phylum in the healthy and post-treatment samples. However, Basidiomycota and M. pachydermatis was more abundant in the pododermatitis samples before treatment. These results support M. pachydermatis as an opportunistic agent in canine pododermatitis by a variety of methods, and demonstrate the correlation between cytologic and molecular methods for quantification.
Human-centred risk assessment for a land-based control interface for an autonomous vessel
Authors: Hoem Åsa S. , Veitch Erik , Vasstein Kjetil 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAutonomous ferries are providing new opportunities for urban transport mobility. With this change comes a new risk picture, which is characterised to a large extent by the safe transition from autonomous mode to manual model in critical situations. The paper presents a case study of applying an adapted risk assessment method based on the Scenario Analysis in the Crisis Intervention and Operability study (CRIOP) framework. The paper focuses on the applicability of the Scenario Analysis to address the human-automation interaction. This is done by presenting a case study applying the method on a prototype of a Human–Machine Interface (HMI) in the land-based control centre for an autonomous ferry. Hence, the paper presents findings on two levels: a method study and a case study. A concept of operation (CONOPS) and a preliminary hazard analysis lay the foundation for the scenario development, the analysis, and the discussion in a case study workshop. The case study involved a Scenario Analysis of a handover situation where the autonomous system asked for assistance from the operator in a land-based control centre. The results include a list of identified safety issues such as missing procedures, an alarm philosophy and an emergency preparedness plan, and a need for explainable AI. Findings from the study show that the Scenario Analysis method can be a valuable tool to address the human element in risk assessment by focusing on the operators’ ability to handle critical situations.
Non-asymptotic control of the cumulative distribution function of Lévy processes
Authors: Duval Céline , Mariucci Ester 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe propose non-asymptotic controls of the cumulative distribution function
$\mathbb{P}(|X_{t}|\ge \varepsilon)$
, for any
$t>0$
,
$\varepsilon>0$
and any Lévy process X such that its Lévy density is bounded from above by the density of an
$\alpha$
-stable-type Lévy process in a neighborhood of the origin.
Exponential and gamma form for tail expansions of first-passage distributions in semi-markov processes
Authors: Butler Ronald W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe consider residue expansions for survival and density/mass functions of first-passage distributions in finite-state semi-Markov processes (SMPs) in continuous and integer time. Conditions are given which guarantee that the residue expansions for these functions have a dominant exponential/geometric term. The key condition assumes that the relevant states for first passage contain an irreducible class, thus ensuring the same sort of dominant exponential/geometric terms as one gets for phase-type distributions in Markov processes. Essentially, the presence of an irreducible class along with some other conditions ensures that the boundary singularity b for the moment generating function (MGF) of the first-passage-time distribution is a simple pole. In the continuous-time setting we prove that b is a dominant pole, in that the MGF has no other pole on the vertical line
$\{\text{Re}(s)=b\}.$
In integer time we prove that b is dominant if all holding-time mass functions for the SMP are aperiodic and non-degenerate. The expansions and pole characterisations address first passage to a single new state or a subset of new states, and first return to the starting state. Numerical examples demonstrate that the residue expansions are considerably more accurate than saddlepoint approximations and can provide a substitute for exact computation above the 75th percentile.
Quantifying the Effects of Sea Level Rise on Estuarine Drainage Systems
Authors: Waddington K. , Khojasteh D. , Marshall L. , Rayner D. , Glamore W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMuch of the development of the low elevation coastal zone has involved the reclamation of low‐lying floodplains and wetlands through the construction of flood mitigation and drainage systems. These systems function throughout the tidal range, protecting from high tides while draining excess catchment flows to the low tide. However, drainage can only be achieved under gravity when water levels in the catchment drains are higher than those in the estuary. Changes to the tidal range and to the duration of the rising and falling tides that occur throughout estuarine waters will result in dynamic variations in the window of opportunity for gravity discharge within and between different catchments and under sea level rise (SLR). Existing concerns regarding SLR impacts have focused on the acute effects of higher water levels, but SLR will affect the full tidal range, and drainage systems will be particularly vulnerable to changes in the low tide. This study introduces the concept of the drainage window to address this limitation by assessing how the present‐day and future SLR tidal regimes may influence the drainage of different estuarine floodplains. Applying the drainage window to two different estuaries indicated that SLR may substantially reduce the opportunity for discharging many estuarine floodplain drainage systems. Reduced drainage creates a host of chronic problems that may necessitate changes to existing land uses. A holistic assessment of future changes to all water levels (including low tide levels and extended flood recession periods) is required to inform strategic land use planning and estuarine management.
Evaluation and Statistical Post‐Processing of Two Precipitation Reforecast Products During Summer in the Mainland of China
Authors: Li Wentao , Duan Qingyun , Wang Quan J. , Huang Sainan , Liu Shiyuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRaw weather forecasts from numerical prediction models usually suffer from systematic bias, which can be removed by statistical post‐processing methods to achieve accurate and reliable ensemble forecasts. The post‐processing of precipitation forecasts often requires reforecasts with long historical archives to ensure sufficient sample size. In this work, we provide an evaluation of two widely used short‐range reforecast products during summer in the mainland of China, including reforecasts from the Integrated Forecasting System of the European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), and reforecasts from Global Ensemble Forecast System version 12 (GEFSv12) of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. The results suggest that ECMWF reforecasts outperform GEFSv12 reforecasts in accuracy and discrimination in most regions of China, especially for heavy rain. On the other hand, the post‐processed GEFSv12 reforecasts are better than post‐processed ECMWF reforecasts in reliability for light rain in several dry regions. Moreover, we combine ECMWF and GEFSv12 reforecasts by Bayesian model averaging (BMA). The results show that BMA is able to combine the advantages of two reforecasts. Post‐processed forecasts from BMA perform as well as ECMWF reforecasts in accuracy and discrimination skill for heavy rain in wet regions of southern China. BMA results are also as reliable as post‐processed GEFSv12 reforecasts in dry regions of northern China. The evaluation results in this study could serve as a useful guide for further applications of those reforecast products in China.
Circulating tumor DNA in B-cell lymphoma: technical advances, clinical applications, and perspectives for translational research
Authors: Lauer Eliza M. , Mutter Jurik , Scherer Florian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNoninvasive disease monitoring and risk stratification by circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling has become a potential novel strategy for patient management in B-cell lymphoma. Emerging innovative therapeutic options and an unprecedented growth in our understanding of biological and molecular factors underlying lymphoma heterogeneity have fundamentally increased the need for precision-based tools facilitating personalized and accurate disease profiling and quantification. By capturing the entire mutational landscape of tumors, ctDNA assessment has some decisive advantages over conventional tissue biopsies, which usually target only one single tumor site. Due to its non- or minimal-invasive nature, serial and repeated ctDNA profiling provides a real-time picture of the genetic composition and facilitates quantification of tumor burden any time during the course of the disease. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of technologies used for ctDNA detection and genotyping in B-cell lymphoma, focusing on pre-analytical and technical requirements, the advantages and limitations of various approaches, and highlight recent advances around improving sensitivity and suppressing technical errors. We broadly review potential applications of ctDNA in clinical practice and for translational research by describing how ctDNA might enhance lymphoma subtype classification, treatment response assessment, outcome prediction, and monitoring of measurable residual disease. We finally discuss how ctDNA could be implemented in prospective clinical trials as a novel surrogate endpoint and be utilized as a decision-making tool to guide lymphoma treatment in the future.
Environmental risks to humans, the first database of valence and arousal ratings for images of natural hazards
Authors: Prete Giulia , Laeng Bruno , Tommasi Luca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDue to their relevance for the entire society, environmental hazards have largely been investigated in terms of their psychological effects. However, a complete image database comprising different categories of catastrophes has not been proposed yet. We selected 200 photographs of the most frequent natural disasters with the aim to collect the emotional reactions of observers. In particular, 20 stimuli were selected for each of the following 10 categories: earthquake, volcanic activity, lightning, hailstorm, drought, fire, landslide, epidemic, and neutral and positive images as control categories. A sample of 605 participants completed an online survey, in which they were asked to rate either the valence or the arousal of each stimulus, by using a Self-Assessment Manikin. The Environmental Risk to Humans database associates the emotional reactions to these visual stimuli, together with the demographics of the sample (e.g., gender, age, marital status, income, previous experience of natural disasters). The database constitutes a tool to explore human reactions to natural hazards, providing a controlled set of stimuli for different types of catastrophes.
Integrating Data Directly into Publications with Augmented Reality and Web-Based Technologies – Schol-AR
Authors: Ard Tyler , Bienkowski Michael S. , Liew Sook-Lei , Sepehrband Farshid , Yan Lirong , Toga Arthur W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractScientific research has become highly intertwined with digital information, however scientific publication remains based on the static text and figures of principal articles. This discrepancy constrains complex scientific data into 2D static figures, hindering our ability to effectively exchange the complex and extensive information that underlies modern research. Here, we demonstrate how the viewing of digital data can be directly integrated into the existing publication system through both web based and augmented reality (AR) technologies. We additionally provide a framework that makes these capabilities available to the scientific community. Ultimately, augmenting articles with data can modernize scientific communication by bridging the gap between the digital basis of present-day research and the natural limitations of printable articles.
Use of a graph neural network to the weighted gene co-expression network analysis of Korean native cattle
Authors: Lee Hyo-Jun , Chung Yoonji , Chung Ki Yong , Kim Young-Kuk , Lee Jun Heon , Koh Yeong Jun , Lee Seung Hwan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the general framework of the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a hierarchical clustering algorithm is commonly used to module definition. However, hierarchical clustering depends strongly on the topological overlap measure. In other words, this algorithm may assign two genes with low topological overlap to different modules even though their expression patterns are similar. Here, a novel gene module clustering algorithm for WGCNA is proposed. We develop a gene module clustering network (gmcNet), which simultaneously addresses single-level expression and topological overlap measure. The proposed gmcNet includes a “co-expression pattern recognizer” (CEPR) and “module classifier”. The CEPR incorporates expression features of single genes into the topological features of co-expressed ones. Given this CEPR-embedded feature, the module classifier computes module assignment probabilities. We validated gmcNet performance using 4,976 genes from 20 native Korean cattle. We observed that the CEPR generates more robust features than single-level expression or topological overlap measure. Given the CEPR-embedded feature, gmcNet achieved the best performance in terms of modularity (0.261) and the differentially expressed signal (27.739) compared with other clustering methods tested. Furthermore, gmcNet detected some interesting biological functionalities for carcass weight, backfat thickness, intramuscular fat, and beef tenderness of Korean native cattle. Therefore, gmcNet is a useful framework for WGCNA module clustering.
Burden of maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant cancer survivors during delivery hospitalizations in the United States
Authors: Rubens Muni , Ramamoorthy Venkataraghavan , Saxena Anshul , McGranaghan Peter , Appunni Sandeep , Ahmed Md Ashfaq , Zhang Zhenwei , Burchfield Shelbie , Tonse Raees , Veledar Emir , Kotecha Rupesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExisting studies on pregnancy-related outcomes among cancer survivors are limited by sample size or specificity of the cancer type. This study estimated the burden of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant cancer survivors using a national database. This study was a retrospective analysis of National Inpatient Sample collected during 2010–2014. Multivariate regression models were used to calculate odds ratios for maternal and fetal outcomes. The study included a weighted sample of 64,506 pregnant cancer survivors and 18,687,217 pregnant women without cancer. Pregnant cancer survivors had significantly higher odds for death during delivery hospitalization, compared to pregnant women without cancer (58 versus 5 deaths per 100,000 pregnancies). They also had higher odds of severe maternal morbidity (aOR 2.00 [95% CI 1.66–2.41]), cesarean section (aOR 1.27 [95% CI 1.19–1.37]), labor induction (aOR 1.17 [95% CI 1.07–1.29]), pre-eclampsia (aOR 1.18 [95% CI 1.02–1.36]), preterm labor (aOR 1.55 [95% CI 1.36–1.76]), chorioamnionitis (aOR 1.45 [95% CI 1.15–1.82]), postpartum infection (aOR 1.68 [95% CI 1.21–2.33]), venous thromboembolism (aOR 3.62 [95% CI 2.69–4.88]), and decreased fetal movements (aOR 1.67 [95% CI 1.13–2.46]). This study showed that pregnancy among cancer survivors constitutes a high-risk condition requiring advanced care and collective efforts from multiple subspecialties.
Association between gait speed and errors on the Clock Drawing Test in older adults with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Umegaki Hiroyuki , Suzuki Yusuke , Komiya Hitoshi , Watanabe Kazuhisa , Nagae Masaaki , Yamada Yosuke , Kuzuya Masafumi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndividuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often make qualitative errors on the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and these errors are reported to be associated with lower scores on neuropsychological assessments. Gait speed is also closely associated with cognitive dysfunction. However, the association between CDT errors and gait speed has not been investigated in individuals with MCI. Therefore, in this study, we explored the association between gait speed and qualitative errors on the CDT. Participants were 196 outpatients at a memory clinic with a clinical dementia rating of 0.5. The CDT was evaluated using the method of Cahn et al. The participants were divided into tertiles of normal and maximum gait speeds. The CDT error types of stimulus-bound response, conceptual deficit (CD), and planning deficit were found in 24.5%, 29.6%, and 30.1% of the participants, respectively. CD was found in 43.6% of the slowest tertile of maximum gait and in 22.2% of the fastest tertile. Multiple linear regression analysis gait speeds as objective continuous variables revealed that CD was significantly negatively associated with maximum gait, but not with normal gait. No other error types were associated with gait speeds. Only CD type error on the CDT was negatively associated with maximum gait speed, but not normal gait speed in the current study. The association between the qualitative error on the CDT and gait speed provides further basis of the clinical importance of qualitative assessments of CDT.
Aurochs roamed along the SW coast of Andalusia (Spain) during Late Pleistocene
Authors: de Carvalho Carlos Neto , Muñiz Fernando , Cáceres Luis M. , Belaústegui Zain , Rodríguez-Vidal Joaquín , Belo João , Moreira Noel , Cachão Mário , Cunha Pedro P. , Figueiredo Silvério , Galán José María , Zhang Yilu , Gómez Paula , Toscano Antonio , Ruiz Francisco , Ramírez-Cruzado Samuel , Giles-Guzmán Francisco , Finlayson Geraldine , Finlayson Stewart , Finlayson Clive 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the Iberian Peninsula the fossil record of artiodactyls spans over 53 million years. During the Pleistocene, wild cattle species such as Bison and especially Bos became common. In Late Pleistocene, the aurochs (Bos primigenius) was widespread and the only bovine living along the large river valleys of southern Iberia. Although commonly found in fossil sites and especially in cave bone assemblages, the trace fossil record of aurochs was known worldwide only from the Holocene. Large bovine and roe deer/caprine tracks were found in at least five horizons of the early Late Pleistocene (MIS 5) beach and eolian deposits of Cape Trafalgar (Cadiz Province, South of Spain). The large bovine tracks are formally described as Bovinichnus uripeda igen. et isp. nov. and compared with the record of aurochs tracks, large red deer tracks and steppe bison biogeographical distribution in Iberia. Aurochs were the most likely producers of the newly described Trafalgar Trampled Surface (TTS) and some of the large artiodactyl tracks in the Matalascañas Trampled Surface, representing the oldest aurochs track record known. This new evidence, together with comparisons with the record of possible aurochs tracks in the Mid-Late Pleistocene coastal deposits from the Asperillo cliff section in Matalascañas (Huelva Province, SW Spain) and bone assemblages known in Gibraltar, point to a recurrent use of the coastal habitat by these large artiodactyls in SW Iberia.
Highly efficient peroxidase-like activity of a metal–oxide-incorporated CeO2–MIL(Fe) metal–organic framework and its application in the colorimetric detection of melamine and mercury ions via induced hydrogen and covalent bonds
Authors: Amalraj Arunjegan , Narayanan Mariyammal , Perumal Panneerselvam 
Published: June 2022

The illegal addition of melamine to dairy products and the contamination of water with Hg2+ are serious threats to human health. This necessitates the search for new and efficient probe for detection of melamine in foods and Hg2+ in water samples.
Bedeutung der Ernährungs- und Bewegungstherapie für
den geriatrischen Patienten
Authors: Lenzen-Großimlinghaus Romana 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungIn Deutschland weisen in geriatrischen Abteilungen ca. 60% der Patienten
ein Risiko für oder eine manifeste Mangelernährung auf. Nach
Phasen der Unterernährung können ältere Menschen den
Gewichtsverlust nicht ohne besondere therapeutische Unterstützung
kompensieren. Je stärker die Mangelernährung im Alter
ausgeprägt ist, umso mehr Muskelmasse geht verloren. Zum Wiederaufbau
von Muskelmasse und -funktion benötigen alte Menschen significant mehr
Energie und essenzielle Aminosäuren als junge. Der Energiebedarf zum
Muskelaufbau steigt außerdem mit fallendem BMI. Bei krankheitsbedingter
Immobilisierung verlieren ältere Menschen in 5 Tagen Bettruhe 4%
ihrer Muskelmasse und 16% ihrer Muskelkraft. Daher muss es das Ziel
einer medizinischen Behandlung geriatrischer Patienten sein, sowohl die
Gesundung des Organismus zu erreichen als auch die Kraft und Funktion des
muskuloskeletalen Systems zu erhalten. Dies wird im Alter nur durch
gleichzeitige Bewegungs- und Ernährungstherapie erreicht. Bei Jungen
reicht allein die Gabe von Proteinsupplementen zur Steigerung der
muskulären Proteinsynthese nach Bettruhe, bei Alten müssen
zusätzlich physiotherapeutische Maßnahmen erfolgen. Die Basis
der funktionsorientierten Therapie ist die optimierte Ernährung des
geriatrischen Patienten: Der tägliche Energiebedarf im Alter
beträgt bei mäßiger Aktivität ca. 30
kcal/kg KG. Eine ausgeglichene Ernährung im Alter sollte
40–60% Kohlenhydrate, 15–20% Protein,
30–50% Fett umfassen, wobei der Proteinanteil durchaus
höher sein kann und möglichst 1,5 g/kg KG betragen
sollte. Störfaktoren der Ernährung im Alter sind
vielfältig, müssen systematisch erfasst und multimodal behandelt
werden. In der Geriatrie steht für dieses kombinierte Therapiekonzept
das multiprofessionelle Team zur Verfügung.