bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health and Wellbeing in Lithuanian Medical Students and Resident Doctors During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Stanyte Agne , Podlipskyte Aurelija , Milasauskiene Egle , Király Orsolya , Demetrovics Zsolt , Ambrasas Laurynas , Burkauskas Julius , Steibliene Vesta 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a negative effect on mental health and subjective psychological wellbeing. One of the most affected population is medical students, reporting higher levels of depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, and overall poorer wellbeing. However, the relationship between depression, anxiety, and sleep difficulties, and subjective psychological wellbeing has not been extensively researched in medical students in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between depression, anxiety, and sleep quality, and subjective psychological wellbeing.MethodsIn total, 524 medical students and resident doctors (78.6% female, mean age 24 ± 3 years old) participated in an online survey between December 2020 and February 2021. Participants completed the WHO—Five Wellbeing Index Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression analysis showed that female participants’ worse subjective psychological wellbeing was associated with sleep difficulties [odds ratio (OR) = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.37–4.18, p = 0.002], higher depression (OR = 6.13, 95% CI = 3.46–10.88, p &lt; 0.001), and anxiety symptoms (OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.66–5.22, p &lt; 0.001). In male participants, analysis revealed an association between worse subjective psychological wellbeing and higher depression scores (OR = 9.94, 95% CI = 3.29–30.03, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSex differences are an important factor to consider when evaluating subjective psychological wellbeing. Clinicians should be aware of significant contributors, such as sleep patterns anxiety, and depression, to subjective psychological wellbeing.
Case Report: Long-Acting Oral Cariprazine
Authors: Dyrmishi Emanuela , De Pieri Marco , Ferrari Marco , Traber Rafael , Preve Matteo , De Peri Luca , Bolla Emilio 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionCariprazine is a third-generation antipsychotic, approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and used off-label for schizoaffective disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Cariprazine is a partial agonist at dopamine receptors D2 and D3 and serotonin receptor 5HT1A and an antagonist at serotonin receptors 5HT2B and 5HT2A. It is metabolized by CYP3A4 in desmetyl-cariprazine and didesmethyl-cariprazine, both active metabolites with a half-life of 1–2 days and 2–3 weeks, respectively.Case ReportHere we show the cases of 3 outpatients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder (two patients) and schizoaffective disorder (one patients) and characterized by low adherence to treatment, satisfactory cognitive and personal functioning and average disease severity to whom we administered cariprazine as a monotherapy, on a two-times a week schedule (i.e., every 72–96 h). We evaluated response to treatment and disease remission according to conventional definitions, using rating scales BPRS, PANSS and BDI-II. Two-times a week treatment was set either after a disease relapse (one patient), after a sustained remission obtained with daily administration of cariprazine (one patient) or since our first evaluation (one patient). After 4 weeks of treatment all three patients satisfied criteria for response to treatment and remission, a result that was sustained for 8 (in one patients) and 12 months (in other two patients) and still ongoing.DiscussionReported results support our hypothesis that long half-lives of cariprazine and its metabolites provide an adequate therapeutic response with a two-times a week administration. In selected patients, cariprazine administered as a “oral long-acting” seems effective in treating acute episodes of illness and in sustaining remission, combining advantages of oral and long-acting injectable antipsychotics concerning therapeutic alliance.
Children's Afterschool Culinary Education Improves Eating Behaviors
Authors: Schmidt Susanne , Goros Martin W. , Gelfond Jonathan A. L. , Bowen Katherine , Guttersen Connie , Messbarger-Eguia Anne , Feldmann Suzanne Mead , Ramirez Amelie G. 
Published: April 2022

Objective(s)Culinary education may be one way to improve children's eating behaviors. We formatively evaluated the effect of a hands-on afterschool 12-module, registered dietitian-led culinary education program on healthy eating behaviors in a predominately Hispanic/Latino, low-socioeconomic community.MethodsOf 234 children participating in the program, 77% completed both pre- and post-assessment surveys (n = 180; mean age 9.8 years; 63.3% female; 74.3% Hispanic/Latino, 88.4% receiving free/reduced lunch). In addition to program satisfaction, we assessed changes in children's self-reported fruit, vegetable, and whole-grain consumption, knowledge, and culinary skills using binary and continuous mixed effects models. We report false discovery rate adjusted p-values and effect sizes.Results95.5% of participants reported liking the program. Improved whole grain consumption had a medium effect size, while effect sizes for whole grain servings and vegetable consumption were small, but significant (all p &lt; 0.05). Culinary skills increased between 15.1 to 43.4 percent points (all p &lt; 0.01), with medium to large effect sizes.Conclusion(s)The program was well-received by participants. Participants reported improved eating behaviors and culinary skills after program completion. Therefore, this hands-on afterschool culinary education program can help improve healthy eating in a predominantly Hispanic/Latino, low-socioeconomic community.
Whether Social Participation Can Affect the Central Government Public Policy Response to the COVID-19 in China
Authors: Fu Liping , Sun Huajun , Xu Kaibo 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has threatened the state's governance and public safety. This study investigates whether and how public participation can affect central government policy response to this pandemic in the context of China.MethodsThis study constructs the theoretical framework based on theoretical analysis, and Social Network Analysis is used to analyze data on the public participation, New Media, and the central government response in this pandemic.ResultsFindings show that the Chinese central government does not always adopt top-down elitist governance strategies in risk management. The central government will also adopt the bottom-up governance strategy triggered by public participation. In this process, New Media acts as a catalyst. Specifically, when faced with a public emergency and needs a policy response from the central government, public participation firstly creates “participation” with the authority of the media, forms public opinion, and then the prompt policy response from the central government.ConclusionThis study confirms that the central government will refer to public participation to decide the policy response. It also shows that the theory of government response applies to both the local government and the central government.
Change in Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking in University Students During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zysset Annina , Volken Thomas , Amendola Simone , von Wyl Agnes , Dratva Julia 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesYoung adults have been overly affected by the containment measures against COVID-19 and, consequently, worsening in mental health and change in health behavior have been reported. Because the life phase of emerging adulthood is crucial for developing health behaviors, this study aims to examine increase in alcohol consumption, single and multiple binge drinking, and associated factors in students during lockdown and post-lockdown periods.MethodsA prospective open cohort study design with nine survey time points between April 2020 and June 2021 was conducted. The present study uses pooled data from the first survey T0 (3 April to 14 April) and follow-ups at T1 (30 April to 11 May 2020) and T2 (28 May to 8 June 2020). Students from all faculties of the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) (N = 12'431) were invited. Of the 1,300 students who participated at baseline and in at least one follow-up, 1,278 (98.3%) completed the questionnaires, final net sample size was 947. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) models were used to investigate the factors associated with increases in alcohol consumption based on number of occasions/last 30 days; drinks/week, and binge drinking at T0, and respective changes at T1 and T2 (increases, decreases, no change).ResultsOverall, 20% of Swiss university students reported an increased alcohol consumption and 26% engaged in binge drinking. Number of drinks at baseline was associated with a higher probability of increased alcohol consumption, as well as engaging in single and multiple binge drinking events. Higher anxiety scores were associated with a higher probability to increase the alcohol consumption and engaging at least once in binge drinking. Additional factors associated with any binge drinking were male gender, younger age and not living with parents. Higher perceived social support was only associated with engaging in heavy binge drinking.ConclusionsA substantial number of students developed a more risky health behavior regarding alcohol consumption. It is important to identify at risk students and design target prevention including factors such as age, gender and social norms. Further, health behavior and determinants of health behaviors of students should be carefully monitored during the further course of the pandemic.
Younger and Older Adults’ Cognitive and Physical Functioning in a Virtual Reality Age Manipulation
Authors: Vahle Nils M. , Tomasik Martin J. 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: Age group stereotypes (AGS), especially those targeting old age, affect an individual’s behavior and long-term cognitive and physiological functioning. Conventional paradigms investigating the related mechanisms lack validity and stability. Our novel approach for the activation of self-relevant AGS uses a virtual reality (VR) ageing experience, measuring relevant effects on performance parameters.Methods: In a between-subjects experimental design, young participants embodied either a younger or older avatar in a 3D virtual environment to capture the effects on physical (Study 1; N = 68) and cognitive performance (Study 2; N = 45). In Study 3 (N = 117), the paradigm was applied to older participants.Results: For the younger participants, embodying older avatars was associated with declines in memory and physical performance when compared to the younger avatar age group. Furthermore, the manipulations’ main effects were moderated by negative explicit AGS that matched the respective performance domains. For the older participants, we found no significant performance differences in the two domains investigated.Discussion: The experimental manipulation demonstrated an impact on relevant performance parameters on a motivational and strategic level, especially for strong performance-related AS, but for young participants only. Possible reasons and mechanisms for the differences in younger and older samples’ results are discussed.
Time-Delayed Tandem Microwave Observations of Tropical Deep Convection: Overview of the C2OMODO Mission
Authors: Brogniez Hélène , Roca Rémy , Auguste Franck , Chaboureau Jean-Pierre , Haddad Ziad , Munchak Stephen J. , Li Xiaowen , Bouniol Dominique , Dépée Alexis , Fiolleau Thomas , Kollias Pavlos 
Published: April 2022

Convective clouds serve as a primary mechanism for the transfer of thermal energy, moisture, and momentum through the troposphere. Arguably, satellite observations are the only viable way to sample the convective updrafts over the oceans. Here, the potential of temporal derivatives of measurements performed in H2O lines (183GHz and 325 GHz) to infer the deep convective vertical air motions is assessed. High-resolution simulations of tropical convection are combined with radiative transfer models to explore the information content of time-derivative maps (as short as 30 s) of brightness temperatures (dTb/dt). The 183-GHz Tb signal from hydrometeors is used to detect the location of convective cores. The forward simulations suggest that within growing convective cores, the dTb/dt is related to the vertically integrated ice mass flux and that it is sensitive to the temporal evolution of microphysical properties along the life cycle of convection. In addition, the area-integrated dTb/dt, is related to the amount, size, and density of detrained ice, which are controlled by riming and aggregation process rates. These observations, particularly in conjunction with Doppler velocity measurements, can be used to refine these assumptions in ice microphysics parameterizations. Further analyses show that a spectral sampling of the 183 GHz absorbing line can be used to estimate the maximum in-cloud vertical velocity that is reached as well as its altitude with reasonable uncertainties.
Perioperative Management of Patient with Esophageal Carcinoma and Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type 2: A Case Report
Authors: Ma Dehua , Chen Fang , Chen Xiaoyun , Chen Yu 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundCrigler-Najjar syndrome type 2 (CNS-II) is a rare genetic disease that is associated with a lack of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase. Esophageal carcinoma is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide, for which surgery is the most effective treatment. Reports on patients with both conditions requiring surgery are limited and The impact of hyperbilirubinemia caused by CNS-II on the perioperative period is unknown. Previous studies have found that patients with Crigler-Najjar syndrome have an increased risk of gallstones and related complications, which also poses corresponding challenges to the treatment. Herein, we present a patient with CNS-II who underwent successful thoracoscopic surgery for esophageal carcinoma.Case summaryA 65-year-old male presented to our hospital with a choking sensation after eating. A physical examination showed yellowing of the sclera and skin. The patient manifested persistent jaundice since birth and had visited many hospitals, but the cause remained undiagnosed. We performed genetic testing, which confirmed CNS-II. Gastroscopy indicated esophageal carcinoma. A multidisciplinary team discussion was carried out to determine the appropriate treatment and perioperative management for this patient. The results show that surgical resection was the most appropriate approach. Finally, the patient underwent thoracoscopic surgery for esophageal carcinoma without complications.ConclusionEsophageal carcinoma in patients with Crigler-Najjar syndrome is a rare case, and perioperative management is key in the treatment process. It is necessary to pay close attention to the changes of the disease to prevent complications.
The Spill-Over Impact of the Novel Coronavirus-19 Pandemic on Medical Care and Disease Outcomes in Non-communicable Diseases: A Narrative Review
Authors: Mak Ivy Lynn , Wan Eric Yuk Fai , Wong Teenie Kwan Tung , Lee Wendy Woo Jung , Chan Esther Wai Yin , Choi Edmond Pui Hang , Chui Celine Sze Ling , Ip Mary Sau Man , Lau Wallace Chak Sing , Lau Kui Kai , Lee Shing Fung , Wong Ian Chi Kei , Yu Esther Yee Tak , Lam Cindy Lo Kuen 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has claimed more than 5 million lives worldwide by November 2021. Implementation of lockdown measures, reallocation of medical resources, compounded by the reluctance to seek help, makes it exceptionally challenging for people with non-communicable diseases (NCD) to manage their diseases. This review evaluates the spill-over impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with NCDs including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory disease, chronic kidney disease, dementia, mental health disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders.Methods: Literature published in English was identified from PubMed and medRxiv from January 1, 2019 to November 30, 2020. A total of 119 articles were selected from 6,546 publications found.Results: The reduction of in-person care, screening procedures, delays in diagnosis, treatment, and social distancing policies have unanimously led to undesirable impacts on both physical and psychological health of NCD patients. This is projected to contribute to more excess deaths in the future.Conclusion: The spill-over impact of COVID-19 on patients with NCD is just beginning to unravel, extra efforts must be taken for planning the resumption of NCD healthcare services post-pandemic.
Pengaruh Airlaut Terhadap Perubahan Nilai Sudut Gesek Dalam Dan Kohesi Dalam Perencanaan Wilayah
Authors: Widiarso Dian Agus 
Published: April 2022

Dalam perencanaan sebuah kawasan perkotaan, sangatlah penting memperhatikan sifat keteknikan tanah. Hal ini disebabkan karena infrastruktur penting memerlukan kestabilan tanah sehingga bangunan diatasnya kuat berdiri. Salah satu sifat fisik tanah yang perlu dilakukan kajian adalah Sudut Gesek Dalam dan Kohesi. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai Sudut Gesek Dalam dan Kohesi antara daerah yang terkena pengaruh airlaut dan tidak terpengaruh airlaut. Metode yang dilakukan dengan uji ANOVA dan hasil uji metode LSD (Least Significance Different). Hasil uji ANOVA nilai Sudut Gesek Dalam diketahui nilai Fhitung sebesar 19,379 dengan signifikansi 0,000, dan hasil LSD (Least Significance Different) diketahui selisih 11,1414 dengan signifikansi perbedaan 0,000. Terdapat perbedaan antara Sudut Gesek Dalam area terkena pengaruh airlaut dan tidak terpengaruh airlaut. Hasil uji ANOVA nilai Kohesi diketahui nilai Fhitung sebesar 1,003 dengan signifikansi 0,381. Hasil metode LSD (Least Significance Different) menunjukkan selisih 0,08986 dengan signifikansi perbedaan 0,246. Adanya signifikansi selisih yang lebih besar dari 0,025. Tidak terdapat perbedaan nilai Kohesi antara area terkena pengaruh airlaut dan tidak terpengaruh airlaut. Perbedaan nilai Sudut Gesek Dalam dalam sebuah litologi di daerah terkena airlaut dan tidak terkena airlaut perlu mendapatkan perhatian dalam sebuah perencanaan infrastruktur bangunan karena berpengaruh terhadap adanya dukung tanah di daerah tersebut
Impacts of Covid-19 Pandemic on Nigeria’s Economy: Effective Foundry Technology as a Sustainable Solution
Authors: SHUAIB-BABATA Yusuf Lanre , BUSARI Olanrewaju Yusuf , MAHAMOOD Rasheedat Modupe , YARU Salihu Swarnu , ABDULQADIR Lawal Babatunde , AMBALI Ibrahim Owolabi , AJAO Kabiru Suleiman , ABDULRAMAN Sikiru Ottan 
Published: April 2022

This study considered the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economy of Nigeria and investigated the effective application of foundry technology to proffer a sustainable solution to the problem. Domestication of production of motorcycle components, being a significant means of transportation that is required for the development of any society was considered. Aluminium scraps from a waste dump and Belle and Oyun natural moulding sands in Kwara State, Nigeria, which have been previously recommended for non-ferrous casting in previous studies were considered and used for casting of motorcycle/tricycle parts (centre stand and brake pedal) using AFS guidelines. The scraps’ chemical compositions were analysed. Thereafter, some mechanical properties with the microstructure of the aluminium casts and that of commercially obtained imported types were examined using appropriate ASTM standards. Cast aluminium alloy produced using scrap had no casting defects and had some mechanical properties comparable to those available on the markets (imported). Thus, effective usage of naturally available moulding sands in Nigeria for foundry applications would help to proffer sustainable solutions to the nation’s economic problem as a result of the adverse effects of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Penanganan Limbah Rumah Tangga dan Sampah pada Masyarakat Perspektif Ekologi Islam
Authors: Radita Fatrilia Rasyi 
Published: April 2022

The waste problem is a major problem faced by almost all big cities in Indonesia. This is inseparable from the problem of urban development related to population, social, and economical aspects which has a very broad impact on human health. Whereas Islam teaches mankind to always preserve the environment and invites humans to live side by side in harmony with the natural surroundings. There are many arguments from the Qur'an and hadith that explain the preservation of the environment and the prohibition of damaging the existence of the surrounding environment. The current study is a library research. The research process was carried out by employing literature studies to collect relevant data from literature, books, and the Internet. Afterwards, the results of the study is presented in description. The way the household waste was handled in the society was in accordance with the waste management system which begins with waste collecting, followed with waste storing and waste transporting. By emphasizing how Islam teaches all Muslim to show compassion in everything including fellow humans, nature, animals and their surrounding, as well as to remind them that damage can occur from the hands of humans themselves, therefore, it is proper for a pious Muslim to always hold fast to his faith by preventing such damage by caring for the surrounding environment.
Memristive crossbar circuit for neural network and its application in digit recognition
Authors: Wan Xiang , He Nan , Liang Dingkang , Xu Wei , Wang Lei , Lian Xiaojuan , Liu Xiaoyan , Xu Feng , Tong Yi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A neural network fully implemented by memristive crossbar circuit is proposed and simulated, which can operate in parallel for the entire process. During the forward propagation, memristors in crossbar structure and a column of fixed-value resistors implement multiply-add operations. During the backward training, each memristor is tuned in conductance independently by training pulses, which implements weight/bias updating. A high recognition accuracy of 93.65% for hand-written numbers is achieved, which is comparable to that for software solution. The effects of the number of conductance states and the amplification of synaptic array circuit on the recognition accuracy are also investigated.
Methods of controlling operation modes in Pt/TaO
x
/Ta2O5/Pt resistive switching cells
Authors: Miyatani Toshiki , Nishi Yusuke , Kimoto Tsunenobu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Forming and resistive switching (RS) characteristics of Pt/TaO
x
/Ta2O5/Pt cells were investigated when the TaO
x
thickness was varied. With an increase in the TaO
x
thickness, a semi-forming process, which is defined as a transition from an initial state to high resistance states more than 1 kΩ, occurs more frequently. The semi-forming can be understood as the formation of an incomplete filament with a gap or a constricted part in the Ta2O5 layer. Moreover, in a single cell after the semi-forming, selective control of RS operation modes was achieved by simply adjusting the range of the applied voltage. In a complementary RS mode where both set and subsequent reset processes occur at both positive and negative voltages, analog RS characteristics can be observed. The control of the RS operation modes could be useful for the improvement of the multi-leveled controllability of resistance.