bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emodin Alleviates Sodium Taurocholate–Induced Pancreatic Ductal Cell Damage by Inhibiting the S100A9/VNN1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Guo Fangyue , Zhou Qi , Wu Yu , Chen Mingming , Zhao Liang , Xiang Hong 
Published: November 2022

Objectives
Because the pathogenesis of the disease is unclear, the treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis, especially severe acute pancreatitis, is still a major challenge for clinicians. Emodin is an anthraquinone compound extracted from rhubarb that can alleviate the damage to pancreatic ductal epithelial cells induced by adenosine triphosphate, but whether it has a similar protective effect on sodium taurocholate (STC)–stimulated pancreatic ductal cells and the underlying mechanism has not yet been reported.

Methods
A model of STC-induced HPDE6-C7 human pancreatic ductal epithelial cell injury was established, and then apoptosis and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed in the presence or absence of emodin pretreatment. S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100A9) and Vanin1 (VNN1) protein expression was also measured.

Results
Emodin significantly increased HPDE6-C7 cell viability, inhibited apoptosis and ROS release, and elevated glutathione levels and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity. Furthermore, emodin downregulated S100A9 and VNN1 protein expression and inhibited the production of inflammatory factors, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18.

Conclusions
Emodin attenuates STC-induced pancreatic ductal cell injury possibly by inhibiting S100A9/VNN1-mediated ROS release. This finding provides evidence for the future development of emodin as a therapeutic agent.
Prospective Cohort Real-World Study on Neuroendocrine Tumor Patient's Quality of Life During Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy With 177Lu-DOTATATE
Authors: Ramim Jayda Eiras , Matheos de Lima Beatriz Arruda , Bulzico Daniel Alves , Pujatti Priscilla Brunelli , Bergmann Anke 
Published: November 2022

Objective
The aim of this study was to report lutetium-177 (177Lu)–DOTATATE radionuclide therapy from a patient perspective and their health-related quality of life.

Methods
This prospective cohort study, including adult patients treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE. At the beginning of the follow-up (T1), socioeconomic and clinical information was collected, and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires C30-v3 and GI.NET21 were applied. Follow-up was performed at the third cycle (T2) and 3 months after the end of treatment (T3). Student t test for paired samples was used to compare quality of life at T1, T2, and T3.

Results
Thirty-eight patients with stage IV disease and mean age of 52.54 (standard deviation, 12.49) years were included. The most prevalent site was the gastrointestinal tract (39.7%). Global health improved between T2 and T3 (P = 0.022) and T1 and T3 (P = 0.038). Functional scales did not indicate significant changes between the periods. Regarding symptoms, significant improvements in nausea and vomiting and gastrointestinal symptoms were observed between T2 and T3 (P = 0.012 and 0.029) and T1 and T3 (P = 0.012 and 0.011), respectively.

Conclusions

177Lu-DOTATATE therapy improved global health and reduced disease-related symptoms in NET patients, positively impacting health-related quality of life.
Value-Based Integrated Case Management at Payor Level
Authors: Martin Matthew , Suri Yash , Doebbeling Bradley , Andrew Rachel , Kathol Roger 
Published: November 2022

Purpose of Study:
Case management is an ideal service for patients with health complexity. However, most case management models do not integrate medical and behavioral health training and interventions, and there are little data evaluating these models in privately insured populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate impact of an integrated case management (ICM) service at the payor level.

Primary Practice Setting:
Health care insurance company.

Methodology and Sample:
A multimethod observational study was conducted at a health care insurance company in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. We conducted focus groups of case managers, leaders, and administrators and statistical analyses of outcomes data. Measures included care quality data (discharge follow-up appointment, cost per case, depression and anxiety measures, customer experience and satisfaction, and audit scores) of members receiving ICM services and employee focus group data (acceptability, adoption, feasibility, appropriateness, fidelity, and sustainability) related to the practice of ICM.

Results:
Care quality data suggest ICM reduces mental health symptoms and increases discharge follow-up appointments for members. Implementation challenges include new employee orientation to ICM model, traditional views of case management, performance evaluation, documentation, and information technology. Facilitators of implementation include training, autonomy, and leadership support.

Implications for Case Management Practice:
Organizations should be aware both of the benefits and challenges related to implementing ICM. Open communication between case managers and leadership and an improvement-focused culture appear to be important elements of implementation success. Future research should examine the perspective of members receiving ICM services and the implementation of ICM into health care delivery systems.
Preprocedure care for outpatients in the cardiac catheterization lab in an acute care hospital in central Mississippi: a best practice implementation project
Authors: McGregor Christy , Palokas Michelle J. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The objective of this implementation project was to improve the cardiac catheterization lab multidisciplinary team's compliance with best practices regarding preprocedural care.

Introduction:
The cardiac catheterization lab performs numerous diagnostic and interventional outpatient procedures. Preprocedural care is a crucial step in preparing patients and clinical staff.

Methods:
The JBI Evidence Implementation framework was used for this project. The baseline audit for the project included a review of 30 electronic health records for best practice adherence. The Getting Research into Practice tool guided leadership to increase awareness and compliance to evidence-based practice. A follow-up audit of 30 electronic health records followed implementation of strategies.

Results:
Baseline audit data suggested all best practices combined were only followed at 79%, and revealed the need for improvement in preprocedural phone calls to patients and documentation related to patient education regarding the procedure and expectations for procedure recovery. Four barriers were identified and multiple strategies were implemented in an attempt to improve compliance with evidence-based practices. Follow-up audits showed an overall improvement to 81% after project implementation.

Conclusions:
The project showed improvements with best practices for preprocedural care in the outpatient setting. However, more work remains to obtain sustainability of best practices, including preprocedural assessment undertaken prior to the cardiac catheterization procedure, information provided to the patient prior to the cardiac catheterization procedure explaining the test and expected recovery, and patients receiving a phone call prior to the procedure for reminders of procedural details.
VACtrac: Enhancing access immunization registry data for population outreach using Bulk Fast Interoperable Healthcare Resource (FHIR) protocol
Authors: Lenert Leslie , Jacobs Jeff , Agnew James , Ding Wei , Kirchoff Katie , Weatherston Duncan , Deans Kenneth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 vaccination uptake has been suboptimal, even in high-risk populations. This paper describes work to extend the Bulk Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) standard for use in querying state Immunization Information Systems (IIS). We also describe a population vaccination outreach tool that uses both Bulk FHIR and automated single queries to access IIS data. Bulk FHIR protocols needed to be extended to support IIS’s responses for care outside an institution resulting in the addition of Group and Master Data Management FHIR profile functionalities to Bulk FHIR queries to support more accurate and easier retrieval of data. While real-world testing of Bulk FHIR queries using the vaccination outreach system was not possible, we tested an automated-single-query tool in a focused effort to reach 1500 high-risk patients. Results confirmed the potential for performance problems during periods of high demand that could be resolved by Bulk FHIR’s asynchronous retrieval methods.
Integrating a tailored recurrent neural network with Bayesian experimental design to optimize microbial community functions
Authors: Thompson Jaron C. , Zavala Victor M. , Venturelli Ophelia S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicrobiomes interact dynamically with their environment to perform exploitable functions such as production of valuable metabolites and degradation of toxic metabolites for a wide range of applications in human health, agriculture, and environmental cleanup. Developing computational models to predict the key bacterial species and environmental factors to build and optimize such functions are crucial to accelerate microbial community engineering. However, there is an unknown web of interactions that determine the highly complex and dynamic behaviors of these systems, which precludes the development of models based on known mechanisms. By contrast, entirely data-driven machine learning models can produce physically unrealistic predictions and often require significant amounts of experimental data to learn system behavior. We develop a physically constrained recurrent neural network that preserves model flexibility but is constrained to produce physically consistent predictions and show that it outperforms existing machine learning methods in the prediction of experimentally measured species abundance and metabolite concentrations. Further, we present an experimental design algorithm to select a set of experimental conditions that simultaneously maximize the expected gain in information and target microbial community functions. Using a bioreactor case study, we demonstrate how the proposed framework can be used to efficiently navigate a large design space to identify optimal operating conditions. The proposed methodology offers a flexible machine learning approach specifically tailored to optimize microbiome target functions through the sequential design of informative experiments that seek to explore and exploit community functions.1Author summaryThe functions performed by microbiomes hold tremendous promise to address grand challenges facing society ranging from improving human health to promoting plant growth. To design their properties, flexible computational models that can predict the temporally changing behaviors of microbiomes in response to key environmental parameters are needed. When considering bottom-up design of microbiomes, the number of possible communities grows exponentially with the number of organisms and environmental factors, which makes it challenging to navigate the microbiome function landscape. To overcome these challenges, we present a physically constrained machine learning model for microbiomes and a Bayesian experimental design framework to efficiently navigate the space of possible communities and environmental factors.
Isolation and Molecular Identification of Endophytic Bacteria fromTylosema esculentum
Authors: Sinyinza Elisha , Chimwamurombe Percy M 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTTylosema esculentumis a perennial legume that is predominant in Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa. It is rich in nutrients, drought-tolerant, and a climate change contender for future agriculture. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify culturable bacterial endophytes. Our study assessed the mean CFUs/mL among the tuberous roots, stems, and leaves to determine the density and diversity using ANOVA. It was a quantitatively controlled experiment in which seeds were grown in a greenhouse. The bacteria number varied from 1.29 × 108to 3.5 × 108CFU/ml of broth, with the highest in the tuberous roots and the lowest in the leaves. At a 5% significant level, we revealed that there is a difference among the bacterial densities of the plant parts. Shannon-Weiner diversity showed that there is a higher diversity of bacteria in the tuberous roots. Of the isolates that were obtained, 53.8% belonged toEnterobacter, 15.4% toBacillus, 15.4% toPantoea, and 7.67% toBurkholderia. These discoveries have made us more aware of the endophytic bacteria we now have. These strains might thus be used in food crops to boost productivity, enabling food security, especially in Africa. The significance of the isolates in biological control, agriculture, and biotechnology for growth promotion will be determined by further research.
Interactional roles in research meetings: a combined conversation analytic and quantitative network approach
Authors: Bet Marloes D. A. , Antvelink Aniek R. , van der Burgt Stéphanie M. E. , Peerdeman Saskia M. , Geurts Jeroen J. G. , Lamerichs Joyce , Douw Linda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTranslational processes that facilitate effective interdisciplinary communication remain a ‘black box’. Here, we aimed to operationalize translational practices by combining conversation analysis and network science to analyze interdisciplinary research meetings. We applied conversation analysis to transcribed meetings, and identified chair, clarifying, skeptical, expert, connecting, and practical actions. For each meeting, we constructed a network (‘meetome’) with team members as nodes, and the number of consecutive speaking turns between members as links. We found that the relative occurrence of role-specific actions correlated with network measures. We discuss how awareness of interactional roles within meetings may help to implement a translational approach in interdisciplinary research teams.
Multiomics characterization of the of the zoo-housed gorilla gut microbiome reveals bacterial community compositions shifts, fungal cellulose-degrading, and archaeal methanogenic activity
Authors: Houtkamp Isabel Mathilde , van Zijll Langhout Martine , Bessem Mark , Pirovano Walter , Kort Remco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe carried out a comparative analysis between the bacterial microbiota composition of zoo-housed western lowland gorillas and their wild counterparts through 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In addition, we characterized the carbohydrate-active and methanogenic potential of the zoo-housed gorilla microbiome through shotgun metagenomics and RNA sequencing. The zoo-housed gorilla microbiota showed increased alpha diversity in terms of bacterial species richness and a distinct composition from that of the wild gorilla microbiota, including a loss of abundant fiber-degrading and hydrogenic Chloroflexi. Metagenomic analysis of the CAZyome indicated predominant oligosaccharide-degrading activity, while RNA sequencing revealed diverse cellulase and hemi-cellulase activities in the zoo-housed gorilla gut, contributing to a total of 268 identified carbohydrate-active enzymes. Metatranscriptome analysis revealed a substantial contribution of 38% of the transcripts from anaerobic fungi and archaea to the gorilla microbiome. This activity originates from cellulose-degrading and hydrogenic fungal species belonging to the class Neocallimastigomycetes, as well as from methylotrophic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea belonging to the classes Thermoplasmata and Methanobacteria, respectively. Our study shows the added value of RNA sequencing in a multiomics approach and highlights the contribution of eukaryotic and archaeal activities to the gut microbiome of gorillas.
Relationship between thyroid hormones, their associated metabolites, and gene expression bioindicators in the serum ofRana [Lithobates] catesbeianatadpoles and frogs during metamorphosis
Authors: Poulsen Rikke , Jackman Shireen H. , Hansen Martin , Helbing Caren C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnuran metamorphosis is characterized by profound morphological changes including remodeling of tissues and organs. This transition is initiated by thyroid hormones (THs). However, the current knowledge of changing levels of THs during metamorphosis relies on pooled samples using methods known for high variability with sparse reporting of measured variation. Moreover, establishing a clear linkage between key gene expression bioindicators and TH levels throughout the metamorphic process is needed. Using state-of-the-art ultra-high performance liquid chromatography isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry, we targeted 12 THs and metabolites in the serum ofRana [Lithobates] catesbeiana(n=5-10) across seven distinct postembryonic stages beginning with premetamorphic tadpoles (Gosner stage 31-33) and continuing through metamorphosis to a juvenile frog (Gosner stage 46). TH levels were related to TH-relevant gene transcripts (thra,thrb, andthibz) in back skin of the same individual animals. Significant increases from basal levels were observed for thyroxine (T4) and 3,3’,5-triiodothyronine (T3) at Gosner stage 41, reaching maximal levels at Gosner stage 44 (28±10 and 2.3±0.5 ng/mL, respectively), and decreasing to basal levels in juvenile frogs. In contrast, 3,5-diiodothyronine (T2) increased significantly at Gosner stage 40 and was maintained elevated until stage 44. Whilethratranscript levels remained constant and then decreased at the end of metamorphic climax,thrbandthibzwere induced to maximal levels at Gosner stage 41, followed by a decrease to basal levels in the froglet. This exemplifies the exquisite timing of events during metamorphosis as classic early response genes are transcribed in anticipation of peak TH concentrations. The distinct T2 concentration profile suggests a biological role of this biomolecule in anuran postembryonic development and an additional aspect that may be a target of anthropogenic chemicals that can disrupt anuran metamorphosis and TH signalling. Hence, as a second aim of the study, we set out to find additional bioindicators of metamorphosis, which can aid future investigations of developmental disruption. Using a sensitive nanoLC-Orbitrap system an untargeted analysis workflow was applied. Among 6,062 endogenous metabolites, 421 showed metamorphosis-dependent concentration dynamics. These potential bioindicators included several carnitines, prostaglandins and some steroid hormones.
Fibronectin improves the impaired calcium signaling and myofilament activation in diabetic cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wu Xin , Trzeciakowski Jerome P , Meininger Gerald A , Muthuchamy Mariappan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVentricular remodeling is one of the primary adaptive mechanisms in response to long-term mechanical overload in diabetes. In addition to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, alterations in noncardiomyocyte compartments [e.g. extracellular matrix (ECM)] are an essential process in the remodeling of ventricle during diabetes. Integrins that link the ECM and intracellular cytoskeleton function as mechanotransducers to translate the mechanical force to intracellular signals. We hypothesize that mechanotransduction mechanisms are altered in diabetic cardiomyopathy mouse hearts. To test this hypothesis, force and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) measurements on papillary muscle fibers were investigated in adult mouse cardiomyocytes from normal (non-db) and type 2 diabetic (db/db) mice. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure adhesion force between integrin receptors and ECM protein fibronectin (FN) by quantifying the unbinding force required to break FN-cardiomyocytes (integrin) bonds. In db/db mice, the peak active force decreased at 71% or 73% while the peak of [Ca2+]i decreased at 64% and 68% at 1 Hz or 2 Hz. In the presence of the FN (35 nM), active force was increased significantly by 40-50% in db/db mice. Furthermore, increased active force in the presence of FN was associated with 26-42% increase in [Ca2+]iat all giving stimulations of 1 Hz and 2 Hz in db/db mice, respectively. The increased effects on force and [Ca2+]icaused by FN were greater in ventricular muscles from db/db mice than from non-db mice. The unbinding force between FN (2.7 μM) coated AFM probes and cardiomyocyte in db/db was 52% higher than non-db (58.3 ± 0.3 pNvs38.6 ± 0.9 pN. p < 0.05). The binding probability of FN-cardiomyocytes, calculated as number of force curves with adhesion / number of total force curves sampled, was significantly reduced by 30% in db/db cardiomyocytes when compared to normal. In addition, the cell stiffness, representing changes in Ca2+ signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization, was 19% increase in db/db cardiomyocytes. The presented data indicate that dynamic changes of the mechanical properties of integrin-ECM interactions may contribute to impaired intracellular Ca2+ signaling and myofilament activation in the diabetic cardiomyopathy.
The prevalence of probable mental health disorders among hospital healthcare workers during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Brian En Chyi , Ling Mathew , Boyd Leanne , Olsson Craig , Sheen Jade 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to be documented worldwide with systematic reviews playing a pivotal role. Here we present updated findings from our systematic review and meta-analysis on the mental health impacts among hospital healthcare workers during COVID-19.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase and Web Of Science Core Collection between 1st January 2000 to 17thFebruary 2022 for studies using validated methods and reporting on the prevalence of diagnosed or probable mental health disorders in hospital healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A meta-analysis of proportions and odds ratio was performed using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was investigated using test of subgroup differences and 95% prediction intervals.ResultsThe meta-analysis included 401 studies, representing 458 754 participants across 58 countries. Pooled prevalence of depression was 28.5% (95%CI: 26.3-30.7), anxiety was 28.7% (95%CI: 26.5-31.0), PTSD was 25.5% (95%CI: 22.5-28.5), alcohol and substance use disorder was 25.3% (95%CI: 13.3-39.6) and insomnia was 24.4% (95%CI: 19.4-29.9). Prevalence rates were stratified by physicians, nurses, allied health, support staff and healthcare students, which varied considerably. There were significantly higher odds of probable mental health disorders in women, those working in high-risk units and those providing direct care.LimitationsMajority of studies used self-report measures which reflected probable mental health disorders rather than actual diagnosis.ConclusionsThese updated findings have enhanced our understanding of at-risk groups working in hospitals. Targeted support and research towards these differences in mental health risks are recommended to mitigate any long-term consequences.