bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative assessment of coat‐hanger ribs detected on three‐dimensional ultrasound for prenatal diagnosis of Kagami‐Ogata syndrome
Authors: Kuriki Akane , Hosoya Satoshi , Ozawa Katsusuke , Wada Seiji , Kosugi Yohei , Wada Yuka S. , Sekizawa Akihiko , Miyazaki Osamu , Kagami Masayo , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKagami‐Ogata syndrome (KOS14) is a rare disease characterized by omphalocele, polyhydramnios and a bell‐shaped thorax. Although the coat‐hanger appearance of the ribs on postnatal X‐rays is a key diagnostic finding of KOS14, its prenatal diagnosis remains challenging. We encountered a case of KOS14 diagnosed prenatally that showed omphalocele, polyhydramnios, and a bell‐shaped narrow thorax. The coat‐hanger angle (CHA) measured at the sixth thoracic vertebrae and the ribs using three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasonography was 39°, reflecting the coat‐hanger appearance of the ribs. Segmental uniparental disomy chromosome 14 (UPD(14)pat) was confirmed by a methylation analysis and microsatellite analysis after birth. The median CHA (minimum, maximum) in 25 normal fetuses was 19 (9, 26) degrees, and a sonographic CHA of 30° may be a border value for diagnosing KOS14. When the combination of omphalocele and polyhydramnios is found prenatally, 3D ultrasonography for CHA might aid in the differential diagnosis of KOS14.
The Role of Space and Place in Organizational and Institutional Change: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Wright April L. , Irving Gemma , Zafar Asma , Reay Trish 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present a systematic review of empirical articles investigating the role of place and space within the organizational and institutional change literature. In taking stock of the change literature, our aim is to better understand the nature and degree of scholarly engagement with concepts associated with place and space to inform a future research agenda. Our systematic review identified 290 empirical articles published between 1979 and 2020 that attended to organizational or institutional change and also engaged with space or place. Our analysis generated four archetypal perspectives that represent qualitatively different ways of viewing the role of place and space in how organizations and institutions change: functional perspective, situated perspective, experiential perspective, and mutually constituted perspective. We synthesize the four perspectives into a typology that reveals different levels of attention to change as process and to place and space as lived or physical phenomena, and cast light on different assumptions about the relationships between change and place or space that can guide future research.
Speed and Scaling: An Investigation of Accelerated Firm Growth
Authors: Belitski Maksim , Stettler Tatiana , Wales William , Martin Jeff 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile most firms do not grow, a small number of firms are able to maintain and accelerate their growth over time. Researchers, practitioners, and policymakers continue to question the factors which increase a firm's chances of growing rapidly and becoming a more powerful economic driver. Using a robust longitudinal data set from the United Kingdom (UK) during the period from 2000 to 2017, we investigate the propensity of firms to accelerate growth in sales, employment, market share, and productivity. We report varying effects of firm characteristics, industry competitive factors, and regional factors as drivers of accelerated growth. This study will help policymakers and firm managers understand the forces behind different types of acceleration, and it provides a foundation for future research on the speed of firm growth.
Longitudinal alterations of cortical structural‐functional coupling in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Chen Zexiang , Fan Binglin , Pang Linlin , Wei Minda , Lv Caitiao , Zheng Jinou 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeTo investigate the longitudinal alterations of cortical structural‐functional coupling (SF coupling) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) over a 2‐year follow‐up, thereby exploring the neuropathophysiological mechanisms of TLE.MethodsTwenty‐eight TLE patients and 42 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. We used resting‐state functional MRI and diffusion‐weighted imaging to estimate and compare SF coupling at the multiscale network level (whole‐brain, modular, and regional levels). Then, we analyzed the relationships between the spatial patterns of SF coupling, the principal functional connectivity (FC) gradient, and the functional participation coefficient (PC). Finally, we related regional SF coupling changes between baseline and follow‐up to the expression of regional TLE‐specific genes.ResultsCompared with HCs, TLE patients showed higher baseline SF couplings within the whole‐brain, limbic, and default‐mode modules. SF couplings within visual and dorsal attention modules were increased at follow‐up compared to baseline. In all three groups, the spatial patterns of SF coupling aligned with the principal FC gradient and the functional PC. The longitudinal change in regional SF coupling in TLE patients was significantly positively correlated with the expression of the CUX2 gene.ConclusionsAberrant SF coupling was revealed in TLE and related to macroscale cortical hierarchies, functional segregation, and TLE‐specific gene expression; these data help increase our understanding of the neuropathophysiological mechanisms underlying TLE.
An in vitro trial on the effect of arch form on connector size requirements in long span anterior zirconia fixed dental prostheses
Authors: Coello Ryan J. , Aita‐Holmes Cynthia , Dimalanta Walter G. , Wenger Karl 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo test the fracture resistance of maxillary canine to canine fixed partial denture with four missing incisors, with increasing anterior‐cantilevers of the pontics and varying connector sizes.Materials and methodsTwo 3D‐printed titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) models mimicking a maxillary canine to canine fixed partial denture (FPD) with four pontics replacing the incisors were used as master models. Zirconia FPDs were digitally designed and milled with two different connector sizes (9 and 12 mm2) each with three different anterior cantilevers (7, 10, and 13 mm) accounting for 6 test groups. Seven samples were milled for each group generating a total of 42 samples. The zirconia FPDs were cemented on the titanium model using resin modified glass ionomer cement and the model fixated to a variable angle vice. A sinusoidal cyclic waveform load from 50 to 280N was applied using a universal testing machine at a frequency of 30 cycles per second and a total of 5 million cycles.ResultsThe results of Fisher's exact tests showed that the difference in the proportion of fractured versus nonfractured fixed partial dentures was not statistically significant when comparing the 9 with the 12 mm2 connector size (p = 1.00), as well as when comparing the six test groups (p = 0.2338); on the other hand, it proved to be statistically significant when comparing the 7 mm cantilever with the 10 and 13 mm cantilevers combined (p = 0.0407) indicating that a 7 mm anterior spread of the pontics showed a significantly greater proportion of fixed partial dentures that fractured.ConclusionsFracture susceptibility was not a function of cantilever length in this testing configuration for anterior FPDs. Retainer crown thickness seems to be a more important parameter than connector size thickness. Based on the results, a smaller connector size (9 mm2) can be used to improve the esthetics of pontics in long span anterior FPDs.
Effect of thickness and CAD‐CAM material on fatigue resistance of endodontically treated molars restored with occlusal veneers
Authors: Noronha Mayara dos Santos , Carvalho Marco Aurélio de , Do Anh Quynh , Neto Vitaliano Gomes de Araújo , Campos Camila Heitor , Giannini Marcelo , Magne Pascal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the influence of the thickness and type of computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) material on the fatigue resistance and failure mode of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) restored with occlusal veneers (OV).Materials and methodsSeventy‐five (N = 75) ETT were restored with Herculite XRV in the endodontic access. Five experimental groups (n = 15) were tested. Four groups had two different thicknesses (0.6‐0.7 mm or 1.4‐1.6 mm) and two different CAD‐CAM materials: zirconia‐reinforced lithium‐silicate (LS/Celtra Duo) and composite resin (RC/Cerasmart). The fifth group (control) did not have occlusal veneers. All the specimens were subjected to accelerated fatigue (5 Hz frequency) with an occlusal load increasing up to 1800 N and 131,000 cycles. The number of cycles was recorded when the machine stopped or at the completion of the test. Fatigue resistance was analyzed using the Kaplan‐Meier survival test (95% significance level, log‐rank post hoc pairwise comparisons). The samples were categorized according to failure mode. The CAD‐CAM materials were examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS).ResultsNo differences were found between the thicknesses, regardless of the type of the CAD‐CAM material. The thick LS OV outperformed the RC and control groups. The thin RC OV and control groups showed a higher percentage of repairable and possibly repairable failures than the other groups. LS was more homogeneous under SEM, and the EDS analysis detected Si and Zr, but not Li.ConclusionsA larger thickness did not improve the resistance of the CAD‐CAM materials. Thick LS showed a higher cumulative survival rate to fatigue than the RC and control groups. The direct composite alone (control) survived similarly to the experimental groups, except for the thick LS.
The impact of COVID‐19 on domestic violence agency functioning: A case study
Authors: Lipp Natania S. , Johnson Nicole L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInitial evidence suggests that rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) increased at the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, much of the prevalence research has focused on survivors’ experiences of IPV during the initial lockdown period from March to June 2020. The current study adds to this initial research by centering the experience of a domestic violence agency located in the United States, 3‐months prior to, during, and after the COVID‐19 lockdown. The results suggest a similar pattern across service utilization (e.g., total clients served, calls, safe house capacity) and survivor demographics (e.g., race/ethnicity, cisgender women and men), with an initial decrease in service utilization from pre‐lockdown to lockdown and an increase, surpassing pre‐lockdown, post‐lockdown. The only deviations from this pattern of service utilization were for sexual minority individuals, whose service utilization continued to decline post‐lockdown and Asian American/Pacific Islander and trans/gender‐nonbinary survivors who rarely utilized services across the time period. Additionally, the domestic violence agency relied heavily on their existing finances, well‐rounded staff training, and staff wellbeing throughout the pandemic. The unique challenges that COVID‐19 provided demanded flexibility, increased technological utilization, and additional funding particularly for safe housing. Implications for future research, intervention, and policy change are provided below.
Presumptive nontraumatic adrenal hemorrhage preceding hypoadrenocorticism in a dog
Authors: Lee Namsoon , Choi Jihye , Yoon Junghee 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNontraumatic adrenal hemorrhage (NTAH) has been associated with stress‐induced catecholamines release in underlying conditions such as sepsis and recent surgery in humans. It can lead to primary hypoadrenocorticism (HOAC) when both adrenal glands are involved, with nonspecific clinical signs and laboratory findings that can lead to a missed diagnosis. Bilateral thickening of the adrenal glands with periadrenal fat stranding was identified in a 10‐year‐old male Maltese dog after abdominal surgery. The dog showed clinical signs and biochemical changes consistent with HOAC, but treatment for presumed critical illness‐related corticosteroid insufficiency was initiated. Clinical signs relapsed with a 3‐week dose reduction of hydrocortisone, and a reduction in adrenal size was observed on follow‐up ultrasound examination. Hormonal testing confirmed HOAC in the dog. To the best of our knowledge, HOAC caused by spontaneous NTAH has not been reported in the veterinary literature. This report describes a dog that developed HOAC with presumed adrenal atrophy after suspected spontaneous bilateral NTAH.
Dystonia in veterinary neurology
Authors: Santifort Koen M. , Mandigers Paul J. J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDystonia is a clinical sign and main feature of many movement disorders in humans as well as veterinary species. It is characterized by sustained or intermittent involuntary muscle contractions causing abnormal (often repetitive) movements, postures, or both. This review discusses the terminology and definition of dystonia, its phenomenology, and its pathophysiology, and provides considerations regarding the diagnosis and treatment of dystonia in dogs and cats. In addition, currently recognized or reported disorders in dogs and cats in which dystonia is a particular or main feature are discussed and comparisons are made between disorders featuring dystonia in humans and animals. We suggest that when describing the phenomenology of dogs and cats with dystonia, if possible the following should be included: activity being performed at onset (e.g., resting or running or exercise‐induced), body distribution, duration, responsiveness (subjective), severity, temporal pattern (i.e., paroxysmal or persistent, severity at onset and at later stages), presence or absence of autonomic signs (e.g., salivation), presence or absence of preceding signs (e.g., restlessness), presence or absence of signs after dystonia subsides (e.g., sleepiness), coexistence of other movement disorders, any other neurological manifestations, and possible links to administered medications, intoxications or other associated factors. We also suggest that dystonia be classified based on its etiology as either structural genetic, suspected genetic, reactive, or unknown.
Peripheral biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Tusa Nicole V. , Abuelo Angel , Levy Nyssa A. , Gandy Jeffery C. , Langlois Daniel K. , Cridge Harry 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundOxidative stress is considered a pathomechanism of acute pancreatitis (AP), but no studies have extensively characterized oxidant status in dogs with naturally‐occurring AP.Hypothesis or ObjectivesEvaluate measures of oxidant status in dogs with AP and explore whether these measures correlate with AP severity.AnimalsFifteen dogs with AP and 9 control dogs.MethodsProspective, controlled observational study. Plasma reactive metabolite (RM) concentrations, antioxidant potential (AOP), and urinary F2 isoprostane concentrations were measured in AP dogs and healthy controls. Severity of AP was assessed by length of hospitalization and 3 disease severity indices: canine acute pancreatitis severity (CAPS), modified canine activity index (M‐CAI), and the acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation score (APPLEfull).ResultsReactive metabolite (RM) concentrations (median, 65 relative fluorescent units [RFU]/μL; range, 20‐331 RFU/μL) and RM:AOP (median, 7; range, 4‐109) were higher in AP dogs than healthy controls (median RM, 25 RFU/μL; range, 16‐41 RFU/μL; median RM:AOP, 4; range, 2‐7; P < .001 for both comparisons). Reactive metabolite (rS = 0.603, P = .08) and RM:AOP (rS = 0.491, P = .06) were not correlated with the duration of hospitalization or disease severity indices evaluated. However, disease severity indices did not predict mortality in our study. Normalized urine 2,3‐dinor‐8‐iso‐prostaglandin F2α concentrations were correlated with C‐reactive protein (CRP; rS = 0.491, P = .03), canine specific pancreatic lipase (Spec cPL; rS = 0.746, P = .002), and CAPS (rS = 0.603, P = .02).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOxidant status is altered in dogs with naturally occurring AP, but the clinical relevance of this finding is unknown.
Enzymatic and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida glabrata isolates from paediatric patients and their genetic diversity based on microsatellite length polymorphism
Authors: Jafarian H. , Hardani A.K. , Asnafi A.A. , Mahmoudabadi A.Z. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to detect different genotypes of Candida glabrata isolates in paediatric patients with and without neutropenia utilizing microsatellite length polymorphism (MLP) and its correlation with drug resistance and enzymatic activity were assessed. Samples from neutropenic and non-neutropenic patients were collected from November 2020 to November 2021. Thirty-six C. glabrata strains were isolated and identified using classical and molecular methods. Then, C. glabrata isolates were genotyped by the MLP technique, and their antifungal susceptibility was performed based on the CLSI M27 guideline. Eighteen different multi-loci genotypes (G1–G18) were detected based on MLP analysis. Analysis of molecular variance revealed high genetic variation within populations (94%) and low genetic differentiation amongst populations (6%). Also, 40% (n = 4) of isolates from neutropenic patients were non-wild-type for posaconazole, and 30% (n = 3) were resistant to caspofungin. Very strong hemolytic and proteinase activity were seen in 97·2 and 86·1% of isolates. Candida glabrata strains from neutropenic patients were genetically divergent from other populations. The minimum spanning tree shows that observed genotypes were mainly related to previously reported genotypes from Iran, Spain, and China.
Architectural analysis of root system and phytohormone biosynthetic genes expression in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) inoculated with Penicillium oxalicum
Authors: Tiwari P.K. , Yadav J. , Singh A.K. , Srivastava R. , Srivastava A.K. , Sahu P.K. , Srivastava A.K. , Saxena A.K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, a fungal plant growth promoter Penicillium oxalicum T4 isolated from non-rhizosphere soil of Arunachal Pradesh, India, was screened for different plant growth promoting traits in a gnotobiotic study. Though inoculation improved the overall growth of the plants, critical differences were observed in root architecture. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope, Scanning electron microscope and the stereo microscopic study showed that inoculated wheat plants could develop profuse root hairs as compared to control. Root scanning indicated improvement in cumulative root length, root area, root volume, number of forks, links, crossings, and other parameters. A confocal scanning laser microscope indicated signs of endophytic colonization in wheat roots. Gene expression studies revealed that inoculation of T4 modulated the genes affecting root hair development. Significant differences were marked in the expression levels of TaRSL4, TaEXPB1, TaEXPB23, PIN-FORMED protein, kaurene oxidase, lipoxygenase, ACC synthase, ACC oxidase, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, and ABA 8′-hydroxylase genes. These genes contribute to early plant development and ultimately to biomass accumulation and yield. The results suggested that P. oxalicum T4 has potential for growth promotion in wheat and perhaps also in other cereals.
Plants, pollinators and their interactions under global ecological change: The role of pollen DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Bell Karen L. , Turo Katherine J. , Lowe Abigail , Nota Kevin , Keller Alexander , Encinas‐Viso Francisco , Parducci Laura , Richardson Rodney T. , Leggett Richard M. , Brosi Berry J. , Burgess Kevin S. , Suyama Yoshihisa , de Vere Natasha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnthropogenic activities are triggering global changes in the environment, causing entire communities of plants, pollinators and their interactions to restructure, and ultimately leading to species declines. To understand the mechanisms behind community shifts and declines, as well as monitoring and managing impacts, a global effort must be made to characterize plant–pollinator communities in detail, across different habitat types, latitudes, elevations, and levels and types of disturbances. Generating data of this scale will only be feasible with rapid, high‐throughput methods. Pollen DNA metabarcoding provides advantages in throughput, efficiency and taxonomic resolution over traditional methods, such as microscopic pollen identification and visual observation of plant–pollinator interactions. This makes it ideal for understanding complex ecological networks and their responses to change. Pollen DNA metabarcoding is currently being applied to assess plant–pollinator interactions, survey ecosystem change and model the spatiotemporal distribution of allergenic pollen. Where samples are available from past collections, pollen DNA metabarcoding has been used to compare contemporary and past ecosystems. New avenues of research are possible with the expansion of pollen DNA metabarcoding to intraspecific identification, analysis of DNA in ancient pollen samples, and increased use of museum and herbarium specimens. Ongoing developments in sequencing technologies can accelerate progress towards these goals. Global ecological change is happening rapidly, and we anticipate that high‐throughput methods such as pollen DNA metabarcoding are critical for understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes that support biodiversity, and predicting and responding to the impacts of change.
Transcriptomic responses of Galápagos finches to avian poxvirus infection
Authors: McNew Sabrina M. , Loyola Diana Carolina , Yepez Janaí , Andreadis Catherine , Gotanda Kiyoko , Saulsberry Ashley , Fessl Birgit 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEmerging pathogens can have devastating effects on naïve hosts, but disease outcomes often vary among host species. Comparing the cellular response of different hosts to infection can provide insight into mechanisms of host defence. Here, we used RNA‐seq to characterize the transcriptomic response of Darwin's finches to avian poxvirus, a disease of concern in the Galápagos Islands. We tested whether gene expression differs between infected and uninfected birds, and whether transcriptomic differences were related either to known antiviral mechanisms and/or the co‐option of the host cellular environment by the virus. We compared two species, the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) and the vegetarian finch (Platyspiza crassirostris), to determine whether endemic Galápagos species differ in their response to pox. We found that medium ground finches had a strong transcriptomic response to infection, upregulating genes involved in the innate immune response including interferon production, inflammation, and other immune signalling pathways. In contrast, vegetarian finches had a more limited response, and some changes in this species were consistent with viral manipulation of the host's cellular function and metabolism. Many of the transcriptomic changes mirrored responses documented in model and in vitro studies of poxviruses. Our results thus indicate that many pathways of host defence against poxviruses are conserved among vertebrates and present even in hosts without a long evolutionary history with the virus. At the same time, the differences we observed between closely related species suggests that some endemic species of Galápagos finch could be more susceptible to avian pox than others.