bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quarkonium production in p+p collisions at RHIC and LHC
Authors: Kosarzewski Leszek 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Quarkonium production mechanism is still an unresolved question. This paper provides an overview of recent quarkonium production studies performed at RHIC and LHC in p + p collisions at a wide range of collision energies. After a brief explanation of representative theoretical models, experimental results of the quarkonium spectra and polarizations are presented with comparison to the model calculations. The spectra are overall rather well described by production model calculations, with a few exceptions, while no significant polarization is observed beyond large uncertainties for J/ψ and ϒ, and thus no constraint on the models is obtained at present. Recently, new observables have been measured such as charged particle multiplicity dependence of quarkonium production, which provides a way to understand the interplay between hard and soft processes, and associated production of quarkonium (J/ψ in jets and double production), which provides more information about production mechanism. A trend of non-linear increase of quarkonium production with increasing the particle multiplicity is observed both at RHIC and LHC, but it is reproduced by most models and further studies and more data are needed in order to differentiate them. Meanwhile, the first measurements of J/ψ in jets show that it is produced with larger activity within a jet than simulated by PYTHIA. A comment on the study of J/ψ-hadron femtoscopic correlations to measure their mutual interaction is also given. In summary, the production mechanism remains a puzzle, but more precise studies will be possible with upcoming RHIC and LHC runs.
Advancement of stannite Cu2CoSnS4 thin films deposited by sol gel dip-coating route
Authors: Ziti Ahmed , Hartiti Bouchaib , Smairi Salma , Labrim Hicham , NOURI Youssef , Belafhaili Amine , Nkuissi Hervé Joël Tchognia , Fadili Salah , Tahri Mounia , Thevenin Philippe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this research effort, we synthesized copper-cobalt-tin-sulphur Cu2CoSnS4 (CCoTS) absorbers by sol–gel process associated with the dip-coating deposition technique on the ordinary glass substrates. We synthesized the impact of annealing temperature without utilization sulfurization on the structural, compositional, morphological, optical and electrical characteristics of layers annealed at 280 °C, 300 °C, 320 °C and 340 °C. CCoTS absorbers have been controlled by different control techniques included x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopic, Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis spectroscopy and four-point probe technique (FPP). XRD patterns exhibited a polycrystalline structure with peaks agreeing to the (112), (204) and (312) directions and matching well with those of the pure stannite phase of CCoTS. The size of crystallites was found in the variety of 8.23–11.27 nm. Raman spectroscopic presented a peak at 332 cm−1 which is the signature of the pure stannite phase of CCoTS. EDS analysis measurements presented a close stoichiometric CCoTS thin films composition. SEM micrographs demonstrated an enhancement in films density and uniformity with annealing temperature rises. It was found that the band gap decreased from 1.72 to 1.5 eV with rising of annealing temperature. The sheet resistance was observed between 27.83 and 56.23 Ω sq−1. These properties are quite interesting and can make the dip-coater CCoTS films as suitable novel absorbers for photovoltaic devices.
WIMP dark matter in the UμνSSM
Authors: Aguilar-Saavedra J.A. , López-Fogliani D.E. , Muñoz C. , Pierre M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The UμνSSM is a U(1)' extension of the μνSSM supersymmetric model,
where baryon-number-violating operators as well as explicit mass terms are forbidden, and the potential domain wall problem is avoided.
The gauge anomaly-cancellation conditions impose the presence of exotic quark superfields in the spectrum of UμνSSM models, and allow the presence of several singlet superfields under the standard model gauge group, in addition to the right-handed neutrino superfields.
The gauge structure implies an additional discrete Z
2 symmetry in the superpotential, ensuring the stability of a singlet which behaves as WIMP dark matter without invoking R-parity.
We analyze this novel possibility in detail, using the fermionic component of the singlet as the dark matter candidate. In particular, we compute its amount of relic density via Z', Higgs-right sneutrino and dark matter mediated annihilations, and its potential signals in dark matter direct detection experiments. The constraints on the parameter space due to Z'; direct searches at the LHC are imposed in the analysis, as well as those from the hadronization inside the detector of the exotic quarks.
Large regions of the parameter space turn out to be in the reach of the upcoming Darwin experiment.
Low-threshold 1.3 μm ring lasers with InAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot active region
Authors: Gordeev Nikita Yu , Kulagina Marina M , Guseva Yuliya A , Serin Artem A , Payusov Alexey S , Kornyshov Grigorij O , Zubov Fedor I , Zhukov Alexey E , Maximov Mikhail V 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
An original design of ring semiconductor lasers based on InAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots, promising for clock pulse generation, optical sensing, biological and medical applications, and microwave photonics, has been proposed and tested. Lasing was obtained at room temperature with a nominal threshold current density as low as 150 A cm−2. The output power in continuous wave mode was 45 mW.
Semiclassical formulae for Wigner distributions
Authors: Barkhofen Sonja , Schütte Philipp , Weich Tobias 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper we give an overview over some aspects of the modern mathematical theory of Ruelle resonances for chaotic, i.e. uniformly hyperbolic, dynamical systems and their implications in physics. First we recall recent developments in the mathematical theory of resonances, in particular how invariant Ruelle distributions arise as residues of weighted zeta functions. Then we derive a correspondence between weighted and semiclassical zeta functions in the setting of negatively curved surfaces. Combining this with results of Hilgert, Guillarmou and Weich yields a high frequency interpretation of invariant Ruelle distributions as quantum mechanical matrix coefficients in constant negative curvature. We finish by presenting numerical calculations of phase space distributions in the more physical setting of three-disk scattering systems.
Physiological closed-loop control in critical care: opportunities for innovations
Authors: Hahn Jin-Oh , Inan Omer T 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Physiological closed-loop control (PCLC) systems are a key enabler for automation and clinician support in medicine, including, but not limited to, patient monitoring, diagnosis, clinical decision making, and therapy delivery. Existing body of work has demonstrated that PCLC systems hold the promise to advance critical care as well as a wide range of other domains in medicine bearing profound implications in quality of life, quality of care, and human wellbeing. However, the state-of-the-art PCLC technology in critical care is associated with long-standing limitations related to its development and assessment, including (a) isolated and loop-by-loop PCLC design without sufficient account for multi-faceted patient physiology, (b) suboptimal choice of therapeutic endpoints, (c) concerns related to collective safety originating from multi-PCLC interferences, and (d) premature PCLC assessment methodology. Such limitations naturally motivate research to generate new knowledge and create innovative methods. In this perspective, we propose several high-reward opportunities that can accelerate the advances in PCLC systems, which may be explored by deep fusion and collaboration among multiple disciplines including physiological systems and signals analysis, control and estimation, machine learning and artificial intelligence, and wearable sensing and embedded computing technologies.
Novel hybrid HGSO optimized supervised machine learning approaches to predict the compressive strength of admixed concrete containing fly ash and micro-silica
Authors: Chen Liangliang , Liu Fenghua , Wu Fufei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Using machine learning models to provide a reliable and accurate model to predict the compressive strength of high-performance concrete helps save the time-cost and financial cost of concrete casting. On the other hand, applying admixtures such as fly ash and silica fume in the concrete structure to replace cement helps diminish carbon dioxide emissions. In the present study, a support vector machine-based regression was considered to overcome the difficulties of compressive strength, which is intensified with a modern mix design of high-performance concrete. The reliability and accuracy of the model were enhanced by providing an optimal structure by employing novel Henry’s gas solubility optimization (HGSO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms. The comparative study aimed to prove that the model optimized with Henry’s gas solubility algorithm has a higher potential in predicting compressive strength. The obtained OBJ values for HGSO based model and PSO-based model of 1.4156 and 1.5419, respectively, confirmed the higher accuracy of HGSO based model.
Synaptic 1/f noise injection for overfitting suppression in hardware neural networks
Authors: Du Yan , Shao Wei , Chai Zheng , Zhao Hanzhang , Diao Qihui , Gao Yawei , Yuan Xihui , Wang Qiaoqiao , Li Tao , Zhang Weidong , Zhang Jian Fu , Min Tai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Overfitting is a common and critical challenge for neural networks trained with limited dataset. The conventional solution is software-based regularization algorithms such as Gaussian noise injection. Semiconductor noise, such as 1/f noise, in artificial neuron/synapse devices, which is often regarded as undesirable disturbance to the hardware neural networks (HNNs), could also play a useful role in suppressing overfitting, but that is as yet unexplored. In this work, we proposed the idea of using 1/f noise injection to suppress overfitting in different neural networks, and demonstrated that: (i) 1/f noise could suppress the overfitting in multilayer perceptron (MLP) and long short-term memory (LSTM); (ii) 1/f noise and Gaussian noise performs similarly for the MLP but differently for the LSTM; (iii) the superior performance of 1/f noise on LSTM can be attributed to its intrinsic long range dependence. This work reveals that 1/f noise, which is common in semiconductor devices, can be a useful solution to suppress the overfitting in HNNs, and more importantly, further evidents that the imperfectness of semiconductor devices is a rich mine of solutions to boost the development of brain-inspired hardware technologies in the artificial intelligence era.
Building material stock analysis is critical for effective circular economy strategies: a comprehensive review
Authors: Mohammadiziazi Rezvan , Bilec Melissa M 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBuildings account for the largest share of accumulated materials and waste globally. Tracking the material composition, quantity and location of these materials, known as building material stock analysis (MSA), is a first step in enabling the reuse or repurposing of materials, key strategies of the circular economy. While the number of building MSAs is growing, there is a need to coalesce methods, data and scope. Therefore, in this work, we reviewed and evaluated 62 journal and conference articles on MSA of buildings from different angles including scope, boundaries, archetype classification, material intensity determination, approaches (i.e. bottom-up, top-down, remote sensing) and quantity of materials to identify barriers, gaps and opportunities in this area along with its implications for decision-making, policy and regulations. We cataloged the three major approaches of MSAs and discuss their advantages and shortcomings. We also created a comprehensive directory of building archetypes, references and materials for future researchers. As expected, most of the studies estimated that concrete had the largest mass compared with other materials; however, mass-based distribution of materials showed significant variations in different building stocks across the world. Also, embedded plastics and their types remain under-represented in current studies. A major barrier to MSA is related to a lack of information on physical attributes and geographic information system, design and construction data. Policy makers can play a role in mitigating data barriers through instituting regulations that enforce the reporting of building-related data during the permitting process. Furthermore, outcomes of building MSA can help policy makers when considering incentives for design and construction that utilize these abundant building materials.
Productivity and quality improvement for a symmetric bispecific antibody through the application of intensified perfusion cell culture
Authors: Qin Yongjun , Ma Rongmei , Li Yang , Li Yifeng , Chen Gong , Zhou Weichang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Aggregation, fragmentation, and low yield are issues frequently found during the cell culture process of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), whose inherent complexity likely plays a role in causing these issues.

Methods
In this study, we made a head-to-head comparison between fed-batch cell culture and intensified perfusion cell culture with a symmetric bsAb case.

Results
In comparison with the fed-batch culture, a 6.6-fold improvement in integrated viable cell density and a 10.9-fold improvement in volumetric productivity were achieved with the intensified perfusion mode. In addition, a significant decrease in aggregation and fragmentation was observed with the intensified perfusion cell culture. Furthermore, product homogeneity was improved, which was reflected by the increased percentage of capillary isoelectric focusing main group. The quality improvement with intensified perfusion cell culture can be attributed to the shortened product retention in the bioreactor.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that intensified perfusion cell culture could be a better choice than traditional fed-batch especially for complex molecules like bsAbs. As this is a single case report, future studies on other cases are needed to further confirm the general applicability of this strategy.
Associations of handgrip strength with all-cause and cancer mortality in older adults: a prospective cohort study in 28 countries
Authors: López-Bueno Rubén , Andersen Lars Louis , Calatayud Joaquín , Casaña José , Grabovac Igor , Oberndorfer Moritz , del Pozo Cruz Borja 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundmixed evidence exists on the association between muscle strength and mortality in older adults, in particular for cancer mortality.Aimto examine the dose–response association of objectively handgrip strength with all-cause and cancer mortality.Study Design and Settingdata from consecutive waves from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe comprising 27 European countries and Israel were retrieved. Overall, 54,807 men (45.2%; 128,753 observations) and 66,576 women (54.8%; 159,591 observations) aged 64.0 (SD 9.6) and 63.9 (SD 10.2) years, respectively, were included. Cox regression and Fine-Grey sub-distribution method were conducted.Resultsduring the follow-up period (896,836 person-year), the fully adjusted model showed the lowest significant risk estimates for the highest third of handgrip strength when compared with the first third (reference) in men (hazard ratio [HR], 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34–0.50) and women (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.30–0.49) for all-cause mortality. We identified a maximal threshold for reducing the risk of all-cause mortality for men (42 kg) and women (25 kg), as well as a linear dose–response association in participants aged 65 or over. No robust association for cancer mortality was observed.Conclusionthese results indicate an inverse dose–response association between incremental levels of handgrip and all-cause mortality in older adults up to 42 kg for men and 25 kg for women, and a full linear association for participants aged 65 years or over. These findings warrant preventive strategies for older adults with low levels of handgrip strength.
Identifying Alcohol Use Disorder in Patients With Cirrhosis Reduces 30-Days Readmission Rate
Authors: Singal Ashwani K , DiMartini Andrea , Leggio Lorenzo , Arab Juan P , Kuo Yong-Fang , Shah Vijay H 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Aims
Readmission is frequent among patients with cirrhosis and is a complex multifactorial process. To examine the association of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and risk of readmission in patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis.

Methods and Results
National Readmission Dataset (2016–2017) was used to extract a retrospective cohort of 53,348 patients with primary or secondary discharge diagnosis code of alcohol-associated cirrhosis with their first admission (26,674 patients with vs. propensity matched 26,674 without a primary or secondary discharge diagnosis code of AUD). Readmission within 30-day was lower (43.9 vs. 48%, P &lt; 0.001) among patients identified to have AUD at the time of discharge. In a conditional logistic regression model, a diagnosis of AUD was associated with 15% reduced odds of 30-day readmission, 0.85 (0.83–0.88). Furthermore, the reason for readmission among patients identified vs. not identified to have AUD was less likely to be liver disease complication. The findings remained similar in a matched cohort of patients where the AUD diagnosis at discharge was listed as one of the secondary diagnoses only.

Conclusion
Although, our study findings suggest that identification of AUD at the time of discharge among patients hospitalized for alcohol-associated cirrhosis reduces the risk of 30-day readmission, unavailable information on patient counseling, referral for mental health specialist and treatment received for AUD limit the causality assessment. Future studies are needed overcoming the inherent limitations of the database to establish the role of identification and treatment of AUD in reducing readmission and liver decompensation in patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis.
Nitrogen fixation and other biogeochemically important features of Atacama Desert giant horsetail plant microbiomes inferred from metagenomic contig analysis
Authors: Satjarak Anchittha , Graham Linda E , Trest Marie T , Zedler Joy , Knack Jennifer J , Arancibia-Avila Patricia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Canyon stream beds in the hyperarid Atacama Desert surprisingly harbour magnificent groves of endemic giant horsetail wetland plants, Equisetum xylochaetum. Our previous metagenomic study of eukaryotes closely associated with this plant indicated that the microbiome included prokaryotes that might likewise influence host success and environment. We explored this possibility by using the metagenomic sequence to characterize prokaryote taxa and functional genes present in the microbiome of E. xylochaetum sampled from remote sites differing in the degree of anthropogenic disturbance. We focused on biogeochemical functions known to be important in wetland ecosystems.

Methods
To ensure that analyses were conducted on microbes most closely associated with plants, we extracted DNA from well-washed plant organs whose microbial biofilms were revealed with scanning electron microscopy. To assess the benefits of longer sequences for taxonomic and gene classifications, results of analyses performed using contigs were compared with those obtained with unassembled reads. We employed methods widely used to estimate genomic coverage of single taxa for genomic analysis to infer relative abundances of taxa and functional genes.

Key Results
Key functional bacterial genera (e.g. Hydrogenophaga, Sulfuritalea and Rhodoferax) inferred from taxonomic and functional gene analysis of contigs – but not unassembled reads – to occur on surfaces of (or within) plants at relatively high abundance (&gt;50× genomic coverage) indicated roles in nitrogen, sulfur and other mineral cycling processes. Comparison between sites revealed impacts on biogeochemical functions, e.g. reduced levels of the nifH gene marker under disturbance. Vanadium nitrogenases were more important than molybdenum nitrogenases, indicated by both functional genes and taxa such as Rhodomicrobium and Phaeospirillum inferred from contigs but not unassembled reads.

Conclusions
Our contig-based metagenomic analyses revealed that microbes performing key wetland biogeochemical functions occur as tightly adherent biofilms on the plant body, not just in water or sediments, and that disturbance reduces such functions, providing arguments for conservation efforts.
Motivations and Psychological Characteristics of Men Seeking Penile Girth Augmentation
Authors: Sharp Gemma , Fernando Anne Nileshni , Kyron Michael , Oates Jayson , McEvoy Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe popularity of penile augmentation procedures is increasing, but little is known about the motivations and psychological characteristics of men who seek these procedures.ObjectivesEmploying valid psychological measures, the authors sought to investigate the motivations and psychological characteristics of men seeking penile girth augmentation.MethodsMen seeking to undergo a penile girth augmentation (n = 37) completed an online questionnaire containing standardized measures assessing their motivations to undergo augmentation, penile size self-discrepancy, psychological distress, self-esteem, body image–related quality of life, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and cosmetic procedure screening scale-penile focused dysmorphic disorder.ResultsMen’s motivations for seeking penile girth augmentation were characterized as “improve self-confidence,” “change penile size/appearance,” “sexual function/pleasure,” “feelings of insecurity,” and “medical issues,” with self-confidence being the most commonly reported motivation. The men perceived their actual penis size (girth, flaccid length, erect length) as significantly smaller than ideal size, the size they believed their penis should be, and their expected size postaugmentation. Compared with non-clinical norms, the men seeking penile augmentation had higher penile dysmorphic disorder symptoms, lower self-esteem and lower body image–related quality of life, but comparable psychological distress. In addition, 4 of the men met diagnostic criteria for BDD according to self-reported questionnaire (11%, n = 4/37) and clinical interview (14%, n = 4/29).ConclusionsMen seek penile girth augmentation for a variety of reasons and perceive all their penile dimensions to be smaller than ideal sizes. They differ from non-clinical samples in some psychological characteristics, and a small but sizeable portion experience BDD.