bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide Twin Binaries are Extremely Eccentric: Evidence of Twin Binary Formation in Circumbinary Disks
Authors: Hwang Hsiang-Chih , El-Badry Kareem , Rix Hans-Walter , Hamilton Chris , Ting Yuan-Sen , Zakamska Nadia L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Gaia mission recently revealed an excess population of equal-mass “twin” wide binaries, with mass ratio q ≳ 0.95, extending to separations of at least 1000 au. The origin of this population is an enigma: Twin binaries are thought to form via correlated accretion in circumbinary disks, but the typical observed protostellar disks have radii of ∼100 au, far smaller than the separations of the widest twins. Here, we infer the eccentricity distribution of wide twins from the distribution of their v–r angles, i.e., the angle between the components’ separation and relative velocity vectors. We find that wide twins must be on extremely eccentric orbits. For the excess-twin population at 400–1000 au, we infer a near-delta-function excess of high-eccentricity systems, with eccentricity 0.95 ≲ e ≤ 1. These high eccentricities for wide twins imply pericenter distances of order 10 au and suggest that their orbits were scattered via dynamical interactions in their birth environments, consistent with a scenario in which twins are born in circumbinary disks and subsequently widened. These results further establish twin wide binaries as a distinct population and imply that wide twins can be used as a probe of the dynamical history of stellar populations.
Entrepreneurs et pouvoir politique à l’heure du Hirak en Algérie : des intérêts irréconciliables
Authors: El Mestari Faouzi 
Published: July 2022

Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser le type de rapport prévalant entre le pouvoir politique algérien et les capitalistes nationaux avant et pendant le Hirak et, plus précisément, le degré de participation de ces derniers à la décision politique. L’hypothèse défendue ici est que l’incorporation de l’oligarchie entrepreneuriale dans la coalition dominante, loin de s’apparenter à une promotion politique de la bourgeoisie algérienne, a accru les tendances historiques à la division sociopolitique entre les factions dirigeantes et la majorité des grands chefs d’entreprise. Classification JEL : O11, O25, L26, L52, J51
Pratiques néopatrimoniales et stratégies de classement des élites libyennes en temps de conflit
Authors: Rahem Soraya 
Published: July 2022

Cet article porte sur l’analyse de « moments critiques » ( critical junctures ) dans la transition politique libyenne, afin de mettre en évidence les processus de reconfigurations élitaires, tant dans leurs statuts que dans leurs stratégies ou leurs pratiques. Ces moments structurent l’accélération des mécanismes de compétition entre acteurs et illustrent particulièrement la recomposition d’anciennes pratiques d’État rentier en nouvelles logiques néopatrimoniales. Prenant place dans un contexte spécifique et discontinu qui est celui de la guerre civile, tout en étant, aussi, marqués par les stigmates du passé, ces processus permettent ainsi de questionner la réalité d’une transition politique libyenne. Classification JEL : D72, D74, D78, N47, Q34
Comparison of Bilateral Reading Performance Among Two Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Benyoussef Anas-Alexis , Reboux Noémi , Cochener Béatrice 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE:
To evaluate and compare the performance of a trifocal diffractive intraocular lens (IOL) and a lens combining a bifocal diffractive profile and extended depth of focus (EDOF) profile.

METHODS:
This non-randomized, prospective comparative study included 42 patients (84 eyes) undergoing lens surgery with implantation of either the FineVision HP trifocal IOL (PhysIOL) or TECNIS Synergy bifocal EDOF IOL (Johnson and Johnson Surgical Vision). There were 21 patients (42 eyes) in each group. The primary outcome was reading speed at high contrast and luminance. Secondary outcomes were reading speed at lower contrasts and luminances, visual acuity at all distances (distance, intermediate, and near) with and without correction, and quality of vision.

RESULTS:

The reading speed at high contrast (100%) and high luminance (100%) was better in the Synergy group (
P
= .01). This difference between the two IOLs seemed to be preserved at lower contrasts and luminances. There was no statistically significant difference between visual acuities except for monocular uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (
P
= .046) in favor of the FineVision HP IOL. The mean spherical equivalents in the FineVision HP and Synergy groups were 0.14 ± 0.64 and 0.10 ± 0.33 diopters without significant difference between these means (
P
= .78). The defocus curve was more dome-shaped for the Synergy IOL. The evaluation of visual symptoms was comparable in both groups. The glare halo (Halometry test; Aston University) was smaller in the FineVision HP group (
P
= .03).

CONCLUSIONS:
The Synergy IOL appears to provide better reading speed and is less sensitive to refractive error. Both lenses provided excellent distance, intermediate, and near vision.

[
J Refract Surg.
2022;38(7):428–434.]
Accuracy of Formulas for Intraocular Lens Power Calculation After Myopic Refractive Surgery
Authors: Lanza Michele , Ruggiero Adriano , Ha Jason , Simonelli Francesca , Kane Jack X. 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE:
To assess the accuracy of the following intraocular lens (IOL) power formulas: Barrett True-K No History (BTKNH), Emmetropia Verifying Optical 2.0 Post Myopic LASIK/PRK (EVO 2.0), Haigis-L, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS) average, and Shammas, designed for patients who have undergone previous myopic refractive surgery, independent of preexisting clinical history and corneal tomographic measurements.

METHODS:
Data from 302 eyes of 302 patients who previously underwent myopic refractive surgery and had cataract surgery done by a single surgeon with only one IOL type inserted were included. The predicted refraction was calculated for each of the formulas and compared with the actual refractive outcome to give the prediction error. Subgroup analysis based on the axial length and mean keratometry was performed.

RESULTS:

On the basis of mean absolute prediction error (MAE), the formulas were ranked as follows: Haigis-L (0.61 diopters [D]), ASCRS average (0.63 D), BTKNH (0.67 D), EVO 2.0 (0.68 D), and Shammas (0.69 D). The Haigis-L had a statistically significant lower MAE compared with all formulas (
P
< .05) except the ASCRS average. Hyperopic mean prediction errors were seen in all formulas for axial lengths of greater than 30 mm or mean keratometry values of 35.00 diopters or less.

CONCLUSIONS:
The Haigis-L and the ASCRS average formulas provided the most accurate results in the overall population evaluated in this study. Moreover, according to data observed, it is important to be careful handling very long eyes and very flat corneas because hyperopic refractions could be more common.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(7):443–449.]
Design and Implementation of a Blended Learning System for Higher Education in the Democratic Republic of Congo as a Response to Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kiketa Vogel , Kashoba Hattie , Kasereka Selain , Maniamfu Pavodi , Kutangila David , Buhendwa Frank , Nyazabe Sllife , Katshitshi Jeans-Jacques 
Published: July 2022

Until now, the higher education system in the Democratic Republic of Congo has relied on the traditional face-to-face teaching method, which consists in the real physical presence of students and teachers during classes and lectures. Thus, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is currently advocating e-learning as the only alternative for education in the COVID-19 era. It goes without saying that this requires specific frameworks and appropriate resources, including access to a good quality internet connection. Several countries around the world have implemented this recommendation since the first quarter of 2020 to protect their populations from the significant risks of Covid-19 contamination. In educational environment however, given the disadvantageous realities of the Democratic Republic of Congo, including the cost and quality of internet, the low rate of electrification, and the lack of experience of the educational stakeholders involved, the migration to e- learning remains a challenge. Thus, we propose in this paper a blended learning model that can smoothly introduce e-learning through a platform specially designed to integrate with the traditional way of delivering courses in Congolese higher education by combining the old method and e-learning based on ICT.
Influences of Online Learning Support Services on Continued Intention to Use MOOC
Authors: Wan Juan 
Published: July 2022

In this study, an undergraduate course in Wuhan City, China was chosen as the respondent and a questionnaire of influences of online learning support services on continued intention to use MOOC was designed. The influencing degree of four aspects of online learning support services (education teaching, curriculum resources, learning facilities and management services) on continued intention to use MOOC were analyzed. Moreover, differences in continued intention to use under various online learning contact time were discussed. Results demonstrated that the overall Cronbach α of the questionnaire was 0.872, KMO value was 0.833 (>0.8) and the corresponding P value was 0.000, indicating that the designed questionnaire had good reliability and validity. Education teaching, curriculum resources and learning facilities all have significantly positive promotions on the continued intention to use MOOC. According to the Kruskal-Wallis test statistics, online learning contact time presents typical “inverted V-shaped” relations with the learners’ continuous intention to use. Research conclusions have important values to maintain a relatively high learning intention of learners by strengthening learning support services and promote learning outcomes of MOOC and adopt specific learning support service strategies.
Psychiatric morbidity in family members of alcohol dependence patients
Authors: Singh Rahul , Goyal Ekram , Chaudhury Suprakash , Puria Alka , Kumar Santosh , Kumar Ajay 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
There is a paucity of Indian studies assessing psychiatric morbidity among family members of subjects with alcohol use disorder.

Aim:
To study psychiatric morbidity in wives/life partners and children of alcohol-dependent patients.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty consecutive index patients diagnosed to be alcohol dependent according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 classification of mental and behavioral disorders diagnostic criterion for research reporting to psychiatry department were taken. The study was conducted on family members of alcohol-dependent patients who were enrolled in the study as subjects. These included both their children and spouses and they were evaluated for any psychopathology using M. I. N. I. AND M. I. N. I.-KID scales.

Results:
Out of 50 spouses and 67 children enrolled in the study group. Sixty-eight percent had psychiatric morbidity in spouses which include 34% had major depressive episodes. Spouses living in the nuclear family and illiterate had more psychiatric morbidity. Total psychiatric morbidity in children above 18 years was 56.25%, maximum being in alcohol and substance dependence. Total psychiatric morbidity in children between 6 years and 18 years was 31.37%, maximum being in generalized anxiety disorder (11.76%).

Conclusion:
Spouses of subjects with alcohol dependence have a high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity. Spouses living in the nuclear family had a more major depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder. Psychiatric morbidity was more in illiterate spouses. Psychiatric morbidity was also high in children. Female children between 6 years and 18 years had more generalized anxiety disorder than males.
Ketogenic diet in children with drug refractory epilepsy: Do we need 4:1 ketogenic ratio?
Authors: Karnavat Purva K , Hegde Anaita U , Kulkarni Shilpa , Kore Roshan , Tulaskar Bhakti , Sawant Suvarna , Hajirnis Omkar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Ketogenic diet (KD), well-accepted therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), can be tried on an outpatient basis, thereby reducing the need of hospitalization/starvation. Here, we analyze the efficacy and safety profile of outpatient-based KD in children with DRE with particular reference to ratios of the KD.

Materials and Methods:
Children aged 0–18 years enrolled between 2008 and 2018, under “Keto Kid Project”––an outpatient-based project were included in this study. Demographic and clinical details, investigation profile in terms of epilepsy, and suitability for diet were noted. Diet was initiated at lower ratios and slowly increased on a case-to-case basis. For the purpose of the analysis, subjects were divided into two groups based on their maintenance ratios: higher ratios (>3:1) and lower ratios (≤3:1). Seizure control, other benefits in terms of behavior and side effect profile were reviewed.

Results:
A total of 117 of 138 children enrolled in program who had completed three months on diet were taken for analysis. A total of 97 of 117 were on lower maintenance ratios and 20 of 117 on higher ratios at the time of analysis. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome was the most common syndromic diagnosis followed by West syndrome in both groups. Retention of diet was higher in children on lower ratios. Although the consistency of ketosis was higher in those on higher ratios, seizure control was similar across both groups. Antiepileptic drugs (AED) reduced significantly after diet (P = .0016) among both groups with no difference between each other. Other beneficial effects included alertness and improved behavior across both groups. The main reasons for withdrawal were frequent infections, lack of benefit, and poor compliance. Both groups had a similar incidence of side effects.

Conclusions:
Seizure control, reduction of AED burden, and behavioral benefits of the diet using locally available food recipes (vegetarian and nonvegetarian) were noteworthy in this study. Ketosis and seizure control can be effectively maintained on lower ratios.
Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Daasara Gururaju , Gowda Vykuntaraju K , Nanjundappa Nijaguna , Nagarajappa Vani H , Shivappa Sanjay K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives:
To study the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy (PN) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and its association with clinical neuropathy and glycemic control by using nerve conduction studies (NCS).

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center from January 2018 to May 2019. Type 1 DM with at least a five-year duration was included. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory details were collected and analyzed.

Results:
A total of 95 (40 boys) children with a mean age of 11.8 ± 3.4years were included. Neuropathy was clinically noted in 9 out of 95 (9.4%) patients and by NCS in 46 out of 95 (48.4%) patients. The PN has a significant association with the duration of illness (P-0.05) and HbA1c (P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of detecting neuropathy by HbA1c was 63.0% and 63.3%, respectively. For every unit increase in HbA1c, the odds ratio for nerve conduction increases by 55.2%.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of neuropathy is high in children with type 1 DM. The duration of illness and poor glycemic control are major risk factors.
Bedside Hydrostatic Saline Enema Reduction of Pediatric Intussusception
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Gurjar Bhairu L. 
Published: July 2022

Context:
The ultrasound-guided reduction by saline enema is a preferred nonsurgical procedure for intussusception. In a government setup where bedside ultrasound and round-the-clock trained radiologist facilities are unavailable, bedside saline enema reduction (without ultrasound guidance) may be an option.

Aims:
To evaluate the efficacy of bedside hydrostatic saline enema reduction in the treatment of pediatric intussusception; the secondary aim was to identify the patient subset in which it is more useful.

Settings and Design:
A retrospective study was conducted from January 2019 to May 2021 in all children with ultrasound-confirmed intussusception at our center.

Subjects and Methods:
All children were considered for non-operative bedside reduction with saline enema, excluding those with signs of peritonitis and shock. We allowed a maximum of three attempts of saline enema reduction.

Results:
There were 375 patients admitted with the diagnosis of intussusception in our institute. Out of these, 42 patients were subjected to bedside hydrostatic saline enema reduction. The patients in this group were in the age range of 5 months to 14 years. The success rate of bedside hydrostatic saline enema reduction was 90.47% (38 out of 42 cases). No perforations occurred during the procedure. The duration of symptoms and age of the patients did not influence the successful reduction in our series (p > 0.05). The duration of admission attained a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between those who had a successful non-operative reduction and those who subsequently had an operative intervention, that is, reduction or resection. There was no mortality.

Conclusion:
Bedside hydrostatic normal saline enema reduction of intussusception is a suitable non-operative technique of managing childhood intussusception in the carefully selected subset of patients. The technique is simple, safe, and cost-effective in a resource-limited setup.
Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical University Lecturers in Malaysia during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Quek Jia Hui , Lee Xin Xue , Yee Ryan Lau Koh , Tan Xuen Yin , Ameresekere Lumini Senara Nadarajah , Lim Kean Ghee , Pinto John 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
The recent COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdowns and various restrictions has had a great impact on university lecturers in Malaysia.

Objectives:
The study sought to evaluate this impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns on the sociopsychological well-being of medical university lecturers.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a local private medical university. Convenient sampling was used to recruit faculty members. Microsoft Form containing sociodemographic factors, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) was sent to the participants through university e-mail, Microsoft Teams, or WhatsApp. Subsequently, a randomized controlled trial method was used to select the participants. Pearson Chi-square was used to study the association between the three instruments (DASS-21, SWLS, and BRS) and participants’ sociodemographic factors. The outcome was considered significant given the P values were <0.05.

Result:
A total of 70 faculty members had participated in this study. Of these, 32.9% had mild-to-very severe depression, 42.9% had mild-to-very severe stress, 42.8% had mild-to-very severe anxiety, 45.7% were satisfied with their life, and 81.4% had normal resilience. There was a statistically significant association between gender, age, and relationship status with BRS (P = 0.037, P = 0.032, and P = 0.002, respectively), whereas age was statistically significant with SWLS (P = 0.03).

Conclusion:
This study recommends the university administration in developing successful measures for assisting faculty members in managing depression, stress, and anxiety as well as increasing their mental resilience.
Psychological First Aid Training during COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of the Training Effects of Conducting Virtual Psychological First Aid Training in Malaysia
Authors: Tye Sue Kiat , Majid Hariyati Sharima Abdul , Badayai Abdul Rahman Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

Background:
COVID 19 hit Malaysia on January 25, 2020, and Malaysian citizen were impacted by the disease and movement control order. Mercy Malaysia aimed to empower local community and NGOs to provide psychological first aid (PFA) to support individuals who are affected by the pandemic.

Aims and Objectives:
The present study aimed to examine the training effects of virtual PFA program in increasing knowledge, attitude, and skills of participants in Malaysia.

Materials and Methods:
One group pretest–posttest was used to assess 102 participants from seven virtual PFA training for adult practitioners and 42 participants from three virtual PFA training for child practitioners were conducted.

Results:
The main findings showed that 2 day virtual PFA training for both adult and child practitioners has significantly increase PFA knowledge and confident level and perceived skills in conducting PFA, with large effect size ranged from 0.65 to 0.81.

Conclusion:
Our study provides preliminary evidence supporting the impact of virtual PFA training program for mental health professionals to respond to pandemic, disaster, and humanitarian crisis in Malaysia.
Inverse association of serum osteocalcin and bone mineral density in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Lin Wei-Chen , Lee Ming-Che , Chen Yen-Cheng , Hsu Bang-Gee 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Osteocalcin, a protein from osteoblasts, affects bone mineralization and turnover. This study evaluates the association between fasting serum osteocalcin and bone mineral density (BMD) in renal transplant recipients.

Materials and Methods:
This study recruited 66 renal transplant recipients. We analyzed blood biochemistry studies from fasting blood samples. The serum osteocalcin levels were measured using a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit. We measure BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in lumbar vertebrae (L2–L4). By the World Health Organization classification, we group recipients into three groups: normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis.

Results:
Of the renal transplant recipients, 8 patients (12.1%) were osteoporosis, and 28 patients (42.4%) were osteopenia. From normal to osteoporosis groups, the osteoporosis group has highest serum osteocalcin (P < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.005), lowest body mass index (P = 0.015), and body weight (P = 0.008). Females had lower lumbar BMD than males among recruited renal transplant recipients (P = 0.023). In the multivariate forward stepwise linear regression analysis, body weight (adjusted R
2 change = 0.138; P = 0.010), and logarithmically transformed osteocalcin (log-osteocalcin; adjusted R2 change = 0.131; P = 0.012) can predict lumbar BMD in the renal transplant recipients.

Conclusion:
Our study showed that fasting serum osteocalcin concentration was negatively correlated with the lumbar BMD in renal transplant recipients.
Efforts to Develop Pfs25 Vaccines
Authors: Kaslow David C. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT.
Acknowledging the fallibilities of recalling events from more than three decades ago, the recollection of Richard Carter’s impact on the identification and development of Pfs25, a major surface protein of Plasmodium falciparum zygotes and ookinetes, and target of malaria transmission-blocking vaccines, remains unassailable. In fondest memories of Richard Carter’s many contributions, herein retells some memorable events along the tortuous journey toward the development of Pfs25 vaccines.