bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The greening reaction of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) metmyoglobin promoted by free cysteine during thermal treatment
Authors: Álvarez-Armenta Andrés , Pacheco-Aguilar Ramón , López-Zavala Alonso A. , Corona-Martínez David O. , Sotelo-Mundo Rogerio R. , García-Orozco Karina D. , Ramírez-Suárez Juan C. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Tuna muscle greening is a problem that occurs after heating. A hypothesis has been postulated to address this problem, involving a conserved Cys residue at position 10 (Cys-10) present on tuna myoglobin (Mb) that is exposed during the thermic treatment, forming a disulfide bond with free cysteine (Cys) in the presence of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), resulting in the greening of the tuna Mb.

Methods
We present a study using skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) metmyoglobin (MbFe(III)-H2O) where the effect of free Cys (1–6 mM), TMAO (1.33 mM), and catalase on the greening reaction (GR) was monitored by UV-vis spectrometry during thermal treatment at 60 °C for 30 min. Moreover, the participation of Cys-10 on the GR was evaluated after its blocking with N-ethymaleimide.

Results
The GR occurred in tuna MbFe(III)-H2O after heat treatment with free Cys, forming sulfmyoglobin (MbFe(II)-S) as the responsible pigment for the tuna greening. However, the rate constants of MbFe(II)-S production depended on Cys concentration (up to 4 mM) and occurred regardless of the TMAO presence. We postulate that two consecutive reactions involve an intermediate ferrylmyoglobin (promoted by H2O2) species with a subsequent MbFe(II)-S formation since the presence of catalase fosters the reduction of the rate reaction. Moreover, GR occurred even with blocked Cys-10 residues in tuna Mb and horse Mb (without Cys in its sequence).

Discussion
We found that GR is not exclusive to tuna Mb´s, and it can be promoted in other muscle systems. Moreover, Cys and thermal treatment are indispensable for promoting this pigmentation anomaly.
Effects of high Ca and Mg stress on plants water use efficiency in a Karst ecosystem
Authors: Qu Rui , Han Guilin 
Published: August 2022

Background
Karst ecosystems are widely distributed in the world, with one of the largest continuous Karst landforms in Southwest China. Karst regions are characterized by water shortage, high soil calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) content, and soil nutrient leaching, resulting in drought stress and growth limitation of plants.

Methods
This study compared nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), Ca, and Mg of herbaceous and woody plants in a small Karst ecosystem in Southwest China. The indexes of water use efficiency (WUE) were calculated to identify the drought stress of plants in this Karst ecosystem. Meanwhile, the relationship between Ca and Mg accumulation and WUE was evaluated in herbaceous and woody plants.

Results
Herbaceous plants showed a higher content of leaf N (13.4 to 40.1 g·kg−1), leaf P (2.2 to 4.8 g·kg−1) and leaf K (14.6 to 35.5 g·kg−1) than woody plants (N: 10.4 g to 22.4 g·kg−1; P: 0.4 to 2.3 g·kg−1; K: 5.7 to 15.5 g·kg−1). Herbaceous plants showed a significantly positive correlation between WUE and K:Ca ratio (R = 0.79), while WUE has a strongly positive correlation with K:Mg ratio in woody plants (R = 0.63).

Conclusion
Herbaceous plants suffered from nitrogen (N) limitation, and woody plants were constrained by P or N+P content. Herbaceous plants had higher leaf N, P, and K than woody plants, while Ca and Mg showed no significant differences, probably resulting from the Karst environment of high Ca and Mg contents. Under high Karst Ca and Mg stress, herbaceous and woody plants responded differently to Ca and Mg stress, respectively. WUE of herbaceous plants is more sensitive to Ca stress, while that of woody plants is more sensitive to Mg stress. These findings establish a link between plant nutrients and hydraulic processes in a unique Karst ecosystem, further facilitating studies of the nutrient-water cycling system in the ecosystem.
REDES SOCIAIS COMO NOVO MARCO INTERPRETATIVO DAS MOBILIZAÇÕES COLETIVAS CONTEMPORÂNEAS
Authors: Martins Paulo Henrique 
Published: August 2022

59 `Paulo henrique

Os rumos dos movimentos sociais e das
mobilizações sociais e culturais na
contemporaneidade assinalam o enfraquecimento dos antigos marcos
teóricos positivistas que subordinavam a
constituição das práticas
identitárias a
certos critérios reducionistas, como o do utilitarismo
econômico e o da ideologia do progresso. No entanto, as
mudanças recentes produzidas pelos
processos de desterritorialização e
reterritorialização nas sociedades complexas
impõem novos tipos de atores, conflitos e
mediações, sendo as redes uma forma social
exemplar dessas
mudanças. Mas as redes não se impõem
automaticamente como um novo marco interpretativo. É
importante explicar que elas são objeto de embate no campo
intelectual e que podem conhecer
leituras diversas, tanto utilitaristas como antiutilitaristas.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: redes sociais, movimentos sociais, utilitarismo, teoria
sociológica.

SOCIAL NETWORKS AS NEW
INTERPRETATIVE MARKERS OF CONTEMPORARY COLLECTIVE MOBILIZATIONS
Paulo Henrique Martins

The direction of social movements and social and cultural mobilizations
in contemporaneity point out the weakening of the old theoretical
positivist markers who subordinated the constitution of identity
practices to certain reductionist criteria, such as economic
utilitarianism and progress ideology. However, recent changes produced
by the processes of disterritorialization and reterritorialization in
complex societies require new types of actors, conflicts and mediation,
and networks are an examplary social form of such changes. But the
networks are not automatically imposed as a new interpretative marker.
It is important to explain that they are the object of struggle in the
intellectual field and can meet various readings, both utilitarian and
anti-utilitarian.

KEYWORDS: social networks, social movements, utilitarianism,
sociological theory.

LES RÉSEAUX
SOCIAUX COMME RÉFÉRENCE INTERPRÉTATIVE
DES MOBILISATIONS COLLECTIVES CONTEMPORAINES
Paulo Henrique Martins

Les directions que prennent les mouvements sociaux et les mobilisations
sociales et culturelles contemporaines montrent bien
l’appauvrissement des anciennes
références théoriques positivistes qui
subordonnaient la constitution des pratiques identitaires à
certains critères réductionnistes tels que ceux
de l’utilitarisme économique et de
l’idéologie du progrès. Toutefois, les
récents changements dus au processus de
déterritorialisation et de reterritorialisation dans les
sociétés complexes imposent de nouveaux types
d’acteurs, de conflits et de médiations, les
réseaux constituant un exemple social de ces changements.
Mais les réseaux ne s’imposent pas automatiquement
comme nouvelle référence
interprétative. Il est important d’expliquer
qu’ils sont l’objet de controverses dans le champ
intellectuel et qu’ils peuvent être sujets
à différentes lectures, à la fois
utilitaires et antiutilitaristes.

MOTS-CLÉS: réseaux sociaux, mouvements sociaux,
utilitarisme, théorie sociologique.

Publicação
Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
MANDATO POLICIAL NA PRÁTICA: tomando decisões nas ruas de João Pessoa
Authors: De Oliveira Muniz Jacqueline , França da Silva Washington 
Published: August 2022

Este artigo volta-se para o chamado modus operandi dos patrulheiros da ordem pública da Polícia Militar da Paraíba, dirigindo o seu olhar para o que seja o “padrão operacional” dos PMs que fazem o “policiamento ostensivo” em João Pessoa. Toma como percurso o ponto de vista desses policiais sobre a sua práxis discricionária no atendimento às ocorrências criminais e não-criminais, buscando compreender como o mandato público de polícia se faz nas ruas e, por conseguinte, com que meios e modos a autoridade policial é concretamente exercida diante dos “fins” para os quais ela é chamada a atuar. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: mandato policial, poder discricionário, Polícia Militar, administração de conflitos, uso da força. POLICE MANDATE IN USE: making decisions on the streets of João Pessoa Jacqueline de Oliveira Muniz Washington França da Silva This article turns to the modus operandi of the police beat of public order officers of the Military Police of Paraíba, directing its focus on what is the “standard operation” of MPs who do the “ostensive policing” in Joao Pessoa. It follows the point of view of these officers on their discretionary practice in responding to non-criminal and criminal incidents, trying to understand how the public office mandate works on the streets and, therefore, through which ways and means the police authority is concretely exercised for the “purposes” for which it is called to act. KEYWORDS: police mandate, discretionary power, military Police, conflict management, use of force. MANDAT DE POLICE DANS LA PRATIQUE: prise de décisions dans les rues de João Pessoa Jacqueline de Oliveira Muniz Washington França da Silva Cet article traite dudit modus operandi des patrouilleurs de l’ordre public de la Police Militaire de l’état de Paraíba, vu en particulier sous l’angle de ce que l’on appelle “le modèle opérationnel” des PMs (Policiers Militaires) qui s’occupent de la “surveillance ostensive” à João Pessoa. On part du point de vue de ces policiers par rapport à leur pratique discrétionnaire dans le cadre des affaires criminelles et non criminelles. On essaie de comprendre comment la police exerce sa fonction dans les rues et, par conséquent, de savoir quels sont les moyens utilisés et de quelle manière s’exerce concrètement l’autorité policière pour atteindre les “buts” auxquels sont action se destine. MOTS-CLÉS: mandat de police, pouvoir discré-tionnaire, police militaire, administration de conflits, utilisation de la force. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
NOTAS SOBRE REPRESENTAÇÃO DO CORPO E CULTURA MÉDICA NO PORTUGAL MODERNO
Authors: Bellini Lígia 
Published: August 2022

O artigo discute pressupostos e possibilidades de abordagem no estudo de representações do corpo em Portugal, nos inícios da época moderna. Seu principal objeto de análise são os modos como o corpo é representado na medicina, mas também trata de outras áreas do saber, como a filosofia e a literatura, com vistas a explorar paralelamente duas questões inter-relacionadas: a questão mais geral dos vínculos entre representações do corpo, ideias e processos históricos do seu contexto cultural; e o problema mais específico de como essas representações expressam conceitos e modos de pensar no universo médico. Esta proposta funda-se no entendimento de que a análise de imagens é particularmente reveladora das nuanças de influências intelectuais entre os pensadores do período. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: representação do corpo, medicina, cultura, Portugal, época moderna. NOTES ON REPRESENTATION OF THE BODY AND MEDICAL CULTURE IN EARLY MODERN PORTUGAL Lígia Bellini This article discusses presuppositions and approaches for a study on representations of the body in early modern Portugal. It focuses on medicine, but it also deals with other scholarly domains such as philosophy and literature. It addresses two related questions: the more general question of the links between representations of the body, ideas and historical processes in their cultural context; and the more particular problem of the way these representations express concepts and modes of thought in the medical milieu. This proposal is based on the premise that an enquiry into images used by thinkers illuminates the shaded spectrum of intellectual influences among them. KEY WORDS: representation of the body, medicine, culture, Portugal, early modern period. NOTES CONCERNANT LA REPRÉSENTATION DU CORPS ET LA CULTURE MÉDICALE AU PORTUGAL MODERNE Lígia Bellini L’article analyse les présupposés et les approches possibles pour l’étude des représentations du corps au Portugal, au début de l’époque moderne. Cette analyse porte sur les images du corps dans la médecine mais aborde également d’autres domaines du savoir comme la philosophie et la littérature afin de faire un parallèle entre deux questions qui sont reliées entre elles : la question plus générale des liens entre les représentations du corps et les idées et les processus historiques de leur contexte culturel ; et le problème pus spécifique à savoir comment les images et leurs représentations expriment les concepts et les manières de penser dans l’univers médical. Cette proposition part du principe que l’analyse des images est particulièrement révélatrice des nuances dues aux influences intellectuelles des penseurs de l’époque. MOTS-CLÉS: Représentation du corps, médecine, culture, Portugal, époque moderne. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
A RESPOSTA DAS POLITÉCNICAS FINLANDESAS AOS DESAFIOS DAS POLÍTICAS DE INOVAÇÃO E DE DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL
Authors: Lyytinen Anu , Hölttä Seppo 
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise do desenvolvimento recente de uma parte do ensino superior na Finlândia. Seu objetivo é analisar como as politécnicas finlandesas reagiram às novas exigências para que se tornassem responsivas às necessidades regionais e como elas construíram as competências necessárias para esse engajamento regional. O quadro de referência teórica central são os elementos de mudança institucional descritos por Burton Clark (1998) em sua análise sobre as universidades empreendedoras. Em particular, o artigo focaliza os canais e interfaces que essas instituições estabeleceram com outros atores no âmbito regional. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Finlândia, ensino superior, desenvolvimento regional, Politécnicas, empreendedorismo acadêmico. THE ANSWER OF THE FINNISH POLYTECHNIC SCHOOL TO THE CHALLENGES O OF INOVATION AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES Anu Lyytinen Seppo Hölttä This paper presents an analysis of the recent development of a part of the higher education in Finland. Its objective is to analyse how Finnish polytechnic school reacted to the new requirements to become responsive to regional needs and how they build up the necessary abilities to this regional engagement. The central theoretical framework are the institutional changing elements described by Burton Clark (1998) on his analysis about entrepreneurial universities. In particular the article focus on the channels and interfaces that those institutions have established with other players in the region. KEY WORDS: Finland, higher education, regional development, polytechnic school, academic entrepreneurship. LA RÉPONSE DES ÉCOLES POLITECHNIQUES FINLANDAISES AUX DÉFIS DES POLITIQUES D’INNOVATION ET DE DÉVELOPPEMENT RÉGIONAL Anu Lyytinen Seppo Hölttä L’objectif de l’analyse du développement récent d’une partie de l’enseignement supérieur en Finlande, présenté dans ce travail, est de voir comment les écoles polytechniques finlandaises ont réagi aux nouvelles exigences afin de répondre aux besoins régionaux d’une part, et comment elles ont construit les compétences exigées par cet engagement régional d’autre part. Les éléments de changement institutionnel décrits par Burton Clark (1998) dans son analyse des universités entreprenariales constituent la base théorique essentielle de cette recherche. L’article se concentre tout particulièrement sur les réseaux et les interfaces que ces institutions ont établi avec les autres acteurs régionaux. MOTS-CLÉS: Finlande, enseignement supérieur, développement régional, écoles politechniques, entreprenariat académique. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
Multivariable Predictive Models to Identify the Optimal Biologic Therapy for Treatment of Patients With Psoriasis at the Individual Level
Authors: Nielsen Mia-Louise , Petersen Troels Christian , Maul Julia-Tatjana , Wu Jashin J. , Rasmussen Mads Kirchheiner , Bertelsen Trine , Ajgeiy Kawa Khaled , Skov Lone , Thomsen Simon Francis , Thyssen Jacob P. , Egeberg Alexander 
Published: August 2022

ImportanceIdentifying the optimal long-term biologic therapy for patients with psoriasis is often done through trial and error.ObjectiveTo identify the optimal biologic therapy for individual patients with psoriasis using predictive statistical and machine learning models.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study used data from Danish nationwide registries, primarily DERMBIO, and included adult patients treated for moderate-to-severe psoriasis with biologics. Data were processed and analyzed between spring 2021 and spring 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPatient clusters of clinical relevance were identified and their success rates estimated for each drug. Furthermore, predictive prognostic models to identify optimal biologic treatment at the individual level based on data from nationwide registries were evaluated.ResultsAssuming a success criterion of 3 years of sustained treatment, this study included 2034 patients with a total of 3452 treatment series. Most treatment series involved male patients (2147 [62.2%]) originating from Denmark (3190 [92.4%]), and 2414 (69.9%) had finished an education longer than primary school. The average ages were 24.9 years at psoriasis diagnosis and 45.5 years at initiation of biologic therapy. Gradient-boosted decision trees and logistic regression were able to predict a specific cytokine target (eg, interleukin-17 inhibition) associated with a successful treatment with accuracies of 63.6% and 59.2%, and top 2 accuracies of 95.9% and 93.9%. When predicting specific drugs resulting in success, gradient boost and logistic regression had accuracies of 48.5% and 44.4%, top 2 accuracies of 77.6% and 75.9%, and top 3 accuracies of 89.9% and 89.0%.Conclusions and RelevanceOf the treatment prediction models used in this cohort study of patients with psoriasis, gradient-boosted decision trees performed significantly better than logistic regression when predicting specific biologic therapy (by drug as well as target) leading to a treatment duration of at least 3 years without discontinuation. Predicting the optimal biologic could benefit patients and clinicians by minimizing the number of failed treatment attempts.
Childhood‐Onset Lupus Nephritis in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry: Short‐Term Kidney Status and Variation in Care
Authors: Smitherman Emily A. , Chahine Rouba A. , Beukelman Timothy , Lewandowski Laura B. , Rahman A. K. M. Fazlur , Wenderfer Scott E. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Hersh Aimee O. ,   for the CARRA Registry Investigators
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe goal was to characterize short‐term kidney status and describe variation in early care utilization in a multicenter cohort of patients with childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and nephritis.MethodsWe analyzed previously collected prospective data from North American patients with cSLE with kidney biopsy‐proven nephritis enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry from March 2017 through December 2019. We determined the proportion of patients with abnormal kidney status at the most recent registry visit and applied generalized linear mixed models to identify associated factors. We also calculated frequency of medication use, both during induction and ever recorded.ResultsWe identified 222 patients with kidney biopsy–proven nephritis, with 64% class III/IV nephritis on initial biopsy. At the most recent registry visit at median (interquartile range) of 17 (8–29) months from initial kidney biopsy, 58 of 106 patients (55%) with available data had abnormal kidney status. This finding was associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.21–12.46) and age at cSLE diagnosis (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01–1.49). Patients with class IV nephritis were more likely than class III to receive cyclophosphamide and rituximab during induction. There was substantial variation in mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab ever use patterns across rheumatology centers.ConclusionIn this cohort with predominately class III/IV nephritis, male sex and older age at cSLE diagnosis were associated with abnormal short‐term kidney status. We also observed substantial variation in contemporary medication use for pediatric lupus nephritis between pediatric rheumatology centers. Additional studies are needed to better understand the impact of this variation on long‐term kidney outcomes.
Modulating Bond Interactions and Interface Microenvironments between Polysulfide and Catalysts toward Advanced Metal–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhu Ran , Zheng Weiqiong , Yan Rui , Wu Min , Zhou Hongju , He Chao , Liu Xikui , Cheng Chong , Li Shuang , Zhao Changsheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdvanced metal–sulfur batteries (MSBs) are regarded as promising next‐generation energy storage devices. Recently, engineering polysulfide redox catalysts (PSRCs) to stabilize and catalytically convert polysulfide intermediates is proposed as an effective strategy to address the grand challenge of “shuttle effects” in the cathode. Therefore, modulating the bond interactions and interface microenvironments and disclosing the structure–performance correlations between polysulfide and catalysts are essential to guide the future cathode design in MSBs. Herein, from a multidisciplinary view, the most recent process in the reaction principles, in situ characterizations, bond interaction modulation, and interface microenvironment optimization of polysulfide redox catalysts, is comprehensively summarized. Especially, unique insights are provided into the strategies for tailoring the bond interactions of PSRCs, such as heteroatom doping, vacancy engineering, heterostructure, coordination structure arrangements, and crystal phase modulation. Furthermore, the importance of interface microenvironments and substrate effects in different PSRCs are exposed, and a detailed comparison is given to unveil the critical parameters for their future developments. Finally, the critical design principles on electrode microenvironments for advanced MSBs are also proposed to stimulate the practically widespread utilization of PSRCs‐equipped cathodes in MSBs. Overall, this review provides cutting‐edge guidance for future developments in high‐energy‐density and long‐life MSBs.
A Simple Preheating‐Pyrolysis Strategy Leading to Superior Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity in Fe‐N/Carbon Black
Authors: Ouyang Chen , Zheng Lirong , Zhang Qinghua , Wang Xun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMaintaining the high catalytic activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) while reducing costs is a long‐standing effort to promote the application of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Here, the binding of nitrogen‐containing ligands and carbon black is enhanced by controlling the pyrolysis conditions of a FeSO4, 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen), carbon black mixture, which significantly improves the ORR catalytic activity of the pyrolysis products. Preheating is proposed as a process improvement method using a heat treatment at a temperature between the melting and boiling points of phen before high‐temperature pyrolysis, which achieves an effective combination of phen and carbon black, and enhances the interaction between phen and ferrous ions. This method substantially increases the number of FeNx active centers in the pyrolysis product, resulting in an impressive Fe‐N/C catalyst with half‐wave potential (E1/2) up to 0.93 V and a diffusion‐limited current density (jL) of 5.9 mA cm–2 and no obvious decay after 20 000 cyclic voltammetry cycles in 0.1 m KOH, which are all among the best‐reported data known to date. The interaction between the ratio of Fe/phen and the pyrolysis conditions is also investigated. Under the right conditions, cheap raw materials can also generate highly catalytically active sites.