bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humanity and Rituals in the Age of Living with COVID-19
Authors: Suzuki Shoko 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The spread of the novel coronavirus brought an impact on human civilization. The history of infectious diseases teaches us that overcoming them requires the long-term perspective for the complex of the following keys, including the mutation of pathogens, the disappearance of vectors, the effectiveness of protective measures, the acquisition of herd immunity, the development of vaccines, and the climate. So, what do we lose or gain in this unwanted situation of living with viruses? From the perspective of historical anthropology, it is necessary to consider the transformation of humanity and the culture, social etiquette, ceremonies, and rites in the age of living with COVID-19.
Der Staat als Klinik
Authors: Schwarte Ludger 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Der Beitrag lotet die Rolle der Architektur im Kontext der Medizin und insbesondere zur Bekämpfung von Epidemien aus. Er geht dabei der Frage nach, seit wann und warum der Staat sich die Gesundheit der Bevölkerung zur Aufgabe macht und welche architektonischen Konsequenzen dies hat. Dies führt zu einer Unterscheidung der architektonischen Mittel zur Pandemiebekämpfung in Disziplinar- und in Kontrollgesellschaften. Der Beitrag endet mit einem Plädoyer für eine Architektur, die kulturelle und politische Öffentlichkeiten trotz der Nähe gefährlicher Körper ermöglicht.
Mehr lebensnotwendig denn systemrelevant: Kulturpolitische Wirkungsweisen von Kultur- und Kunstschaffen in der Krise
Authors: Heinicke Julius 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Für den Umgang mit und die Reflexion von Krisen spielen Künste und Kulturen seit jeher eine Rolle. Der Beitrag geht anhand unterschiedlicher internationaler künstlerischer und ästhetischer Beispiele den kulturpolitischen Ebenen und Wirkungsweisen dieses Vermögens nach. Welche Rhythmen der Vorahnung einer Krise können Künste hervorbringen? Ist Kunst- und Kulturschaffen systemrelevant oder gar lebensnotwendig, da es dem Angesicht des Todes begegnen kann? Auf welche Art und Weise vermag Kunst- und Kulturschaffen das gemeinschaftsstiftende und partizipative Potential im verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit Krisen zu fördern? Wo droht es in kollektiv inszeniertes Selbstmitleid abzurutschen, in welchem sich jede*r die und der Nächste ist oder in einer kollektiven Masse der Wütenden aufgeht? Zu guter Letzt stellt sich die Frage, welche kulturpolitischen Schlussfolgerungen aus den Krisenmonaten gezogen werden können, um gesellschaftliche und kulturelle Resilienz zukünftig zu stärken.
Virus sive Idea
Authors: Schiffter Roland 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Der Aufsatz versucht, gedankenspielerisch die weltweite Ausbreitungsweise von Ideen und Viren als Analoga in Beziehung zu setzen. Die Ideen von Karl Marx (bzw. was aus ihnen gemacht wurde) und das Covid 19-Virus haben sich pandemisch verbreitet, durch Freiheitsentzug vielen Menschen ein allgemeines Lähmungsgefühl erzeugt und viel Leid in die Welt gebracht. Vorbeugend impfen kann man sowohl gegen Viren als auch gegen problematische Ideen.
Parasitic gaps aren’t parasitic, or, the case of the Uninvited Guest
Authors: Culicover Peter W. , Winkler Susanne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA parasitic gap construction typically occurs when an otherwise illicit gap in an island is ameliorated by a gap elsewhere in the sentence. In this paper, we consider the relationship between the unacceptability of extraction from subject islands (ExtrSubj) and the amelioration associated with parasitic gaps. We argue that there is no parasitic gap mechanism per se that has the effect of making extraction from an island grammatical. Rather, the link between the two is a matter of processing complexity. Our central claim is that in ExtrSubj, the presence of a distinct referring argument in the predicate contributes processing complexity. This referring argument is the ‘Uninvited Guest’. If an instance of ExtrSubj is of reduced acceptability, inclusion of the Uninvited Guest is likely to make it fully unacceptable, or ‘ungrammatical’ in conventional terms. On the other hand, linking of the argument position to the extracted A′ constituent – a ‘parasitic gap’ configuration – does not contribute additional processing complexity, thus giving rise to the appearance of amelioration.
Genossenschaften und Kartellrecht 2021
Authors: Kling Michael 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag geht auf einen Vortrag zurück, den der Verfasser am 17. September 2021 auf dem Bankentag in Nürnberg gehalten hat. Anlass war der im Mai 2021 vorgelegte Leitlinienentwurf des Bundeskartellamts (BKartA) zu diesem Thema. Themen des Beitrags sind Normadressateneigenschaft von Genossenschaften, die Vorgaben des Kartellrechts für horizontale und vertikale Kooperationen, das Verhältnis des Kartellrechts zur Innovation, das Problem des Informationsaustauschs unter Wettbewerbern, die umstrittene Frage der Vereinbarkeit des sog. Regionalprinzips mit den Vorgaben des europäischen und deutschen Kartellrechts und die Rechtsfolgen etwaiger Kartellrechtsverstöße. Außerdem geht der Verfasser auf die Neuregelung des § 32c Abs. 4 GWB ein, die zu Beginn des Jahres durch das GWB-Digitalisierungsgesetz eingeführt wurde (§ 32c Abs. 4 GWB). Danach besteht unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen ein Anspruch der Betroffenen auf eine Entscheidung des Amtes über die Kartellrechtskonformität eines geplanten Vorhabens.
A Cross-Sectional Survey of Patients and Staff on Inpatient Forensic Psychiatric Units During COVID-19 Outbreak.
Authors: Brennan Courtney , Socha Patti , Simpson Sandy , Kidd Sean 
Published: January 2022

Outbreaks of COVID-19 on inpatient forensic units present a unique challenge as early release is not possible and some facilities were not designed to achieve sustained social distancing [1]. The enforcement of droplet and contact (D&C) precautions required during an outbreak creates further confines and restrictions for patients that are typically subject to considerable constraint during their care. From December 2020 to January 2021 43 clinicians and 12 patients on inpatient forensic units under unit-wide D&C precautions during COVID-19 outbreaks completed a cross-sectional survey regarding their experience. Virtual focus groups were also conducted to triangulate the qualitative feedback from clinicians. The survey and focus groups found the themes of enablers, barriers, and desired changes to care provision during an outbreak. Findings are discussed within the broader context of outbreak interventions and the provision of services to those living and working on forensic inpatient units experiencing outbreaks requiring the unit-wide implementation of D&C precautions.
Integrating Reward Information for Prospective Behavior
Authors: Hall-McMaster Sam , Stokes Mark G. , Myers Nicholas E. 
Published: January 2022

Value-based decision-making is often studied in a static context, where participants decide which option to select from those currently available. However, everyday life often involves an additional dimension: deciding when to select to maximize reward. Recent evidence suggests that agents track the latent reward of an option, updating changes in their latent reward estimate, to achieve appropriate selection timing (latent reward tracking). However, this strategy can be difficult to distinguish from one in which the optimal selection time is estimated in advance, allowing an agent to wait a predetermined amount of time before selecting, without needing to monitor an option's latent reward (distance-to-goal tracking). Here, we show that these strategies can in principle be dissociated. Human brain activity was recorded using electroencephalography (EEG), while female and male participants performed a novel decision task. Participants were shown an option and decided when to select it, as its latent reward changed from trial-to-trial. While the latent reward was uncued, it could be estimated using cued information about the option's starting value and value growth rate. We then used representational similarity analysis (RSA) to assess whether EEG signals more closely resembled latent reward tracking or distance-to-goal tracking. This approach successfully dissociated the strategies in this task. Starting value and growth rate were translated into a distance-to-goal signal, far in advance of selecting the option. Latent reward could not be independently decoded. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using high temporal resolution neural recordings to identify internally computed decision variables in the human brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTReward-seeking behavior involves acting at the right time. However, the external world does not always tell us when an action is most rewarding, necessitating internal representations that guide action timing. Specifying this internal neural representation is challenging because it might stem from a variety of strategies, many of which make similar predictions about brain activity. This study used a novel approach to test whether alternative strategies could be dissociated in principle. Using representational similarity analysis (RSA), we were able to distinguish between candidate internal representations for selection timing. This shows how pattern analysis methods can be used to measure latent decision information in noninvasive neural data.
Adaptar para divulgar: análise do conto A aia, adaptado por Luísa Ducla Soares
Authors: Senos Ferreira Filipe 
Published: January 2022

As adaptações para jovens de literatura canónica – visando minorar os desfasamentos linguístico-culturais existentes entre a época da receção do texto e a da sua redação e almejando, consequentemente, propiciar a estes leitores em flor um contacto com o cânone literário (Müeller, 2013) – fazem uso de uma série de procedimentos simplificadores que tendem a coincidir com algumas das operações hipertextuais de reformulação textual propostas por Gérard Genette (1989), em Palimpsestes. Partindo destes pressupostos teóricos, tratamos aqui de perceber, por um lado, por que razão e com que finalidade são os textos canónicos – e em especial, alguns dos contos de Eça de Queirós – alvo de adaptações literárias juvenis e de analisar, por outro, as modalidades genettianas de reformulação textual presentes em A aia, adaptação de Luísa Ducla Soares do conto eciano homónimo, inserto na coletânea Seis Contos de Eça (2000).
Pronoun Variants in Standard Lithuanian: Diamesic Dimension
Authors: Ramonaitė Jogilė Teresa 
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with variants of personal pronouns, specifically the third person singular nominative case jis/jisai ‘he’ and ji/jinai ‘she’ in Lithuanian. The existence of such variation has been so far ignored by most linguists. The variation of the use of these short and long variants is analysed within the language “architecture” framework first introduced by G. Berruto (1987) and involving different dimensions, of which the diastratic, diaphasic and diamesic are discussed in more detail. The use of pronouns is studied using the data from eight different written and spoken Lithuanian corpora and the proportions of such use are compared. The analysis shows that the variation in the use of pronoun variants is overwhelmingly associated with the diamesic dimension, i.e., the written language typically uses the short variants only while in the spoken language all four pronoun variants are used. The proportion of the long variants increases as the spontaneity of speech increases. There is a difference, however, in the use of masculine and feminine forms as the long variant of the masculine pronoun is used in one third of the cases while the long variant of the feminine pronouns is found in as much as 80 percent of cases in the spoken variety. Other dimensions do not seem to impact this variation to a notable extent given the data available.
Hybrid Verbs of English Origin with the Suffix -inti Lithuanian Jargon: Morphology and Adaptive Features
Authors: Kudirka Robertas 
Published: January 2022

The article analyses 198 hybrid verbs of English origin with the suffix -inti and 187 prefix derivatives from the Lithuanian slang and non-standard dictionary. The study reveals that borrows with affixal adaptation are always adapted to the linguistic system, because there weren’t any borrowed verbs without Lithuanian affix detected: phonetically adapted borrowed verbs from English are rare and used as adverbs. A small part of the verbs has no basic words, they are morphologically adapted with the suffix -inti. Word borrowing can be semantically based on the new meanings, but a number of verbs can be interpreted as trendy variants of non-standard language. Most of the verbs with the suffix -inti has basic words. The adaptation of the new borrowings is directly related with the popular suffixes of the Lithuanian standard language. Slang lexicon tends to copy standart language models and integrate into Lithuanian language derivative paradigms. Slang prefixes derived from basic verbs with the suffix -inti are formed regularly, slang derivatives take over the prefixes of the standard language.
Prolonged Perioperative Antibiotics: A Hidden Problem
Authors: Salas AnnaMaria , Williams Manon C. , Van Etten Elise , Lewis Lauren , MacBrayne Christine E. , Parker Sarah K. 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES
National guidelines generally recommend 24 hours or less of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis. In a freestanding, regional children’s hospital, we evaluated the duration of antibiotic surgical prophylaxis to identify targets for standardization of practice.

METHODS
All procedures performed in 2017 were extracted from our local data warehouse; those involving an incision were considered a surgical procedure and correlated to antibiotic data. Antibiotic courses were reviewed if administered for &gt;24 hours, or if the duration or indication for prophylaxis was uncertain. Total duration of prophylaxis (including discharge prescriptions) was calculated in hours for all procedures and categorized by department and by the quantity of prophylaxis received: none, single dose, multiple doses within 24 hours, and &gt;24 hours. Percentage of procedures and total days of potential excess were calculated.

RESULTS
A total of 15 651 procedures were included; 5009 met criteria for chart review, and after further exclusions, 12 895 procedures were included in the analysis. In total, 55% of all 12 895 procedures received prophylaxis. A single dose was given in 30%. Over 24 hours was administered in 11%, and 14% received multiple doses &lt;24 hours (both potential excess). Results were evaluated by surgical subspecialty and procedure type. There were 5733 cumulative days of surgical prophylaxis administered after 24 hours (potential excess).

CONCLUSION
In 2017, up to 25% of procedures received potentially unnecessary perioperative prophylaxis, indicating that national guidance specific to pediatrics would have high impact on antibiotic overuse in the pediatric surgical population.
Terhességhez kapcsolódó szemészeti változások és a szülésvezetés módjának szemészeti kérdései
Authors: Czakó Cecilia , Kovács Illés , Sándor Gábor László , Ecsedy Mónika , Szabó Dorottya , Szécsi Dávid , Benkovics Júlia , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt 
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A terhesség során a szervezet hormonrendszerében
jelentős változások mennek végbe, melyek a magzat optimális anatómiai és
élettani fejlődését, valamint a várandósság terminusig történő kihordását
biztosítják. Ezen hatások sokszor a reproduktív szervrendszeren kívül más
szerveket is érinthetnek, így a szemet és a szem függelékeit. A szemészeti
változások élettani és kóros eltérésekben nyilvánulhatnak meg, melyek a
legtöbbször átmenetiek és ártalmatlanok, bizonyos esetben azonban terápiás
beavatkozást igényelhetnek, vagy súlyos háttérbetegség kórjelzői lehetnek.
Közleményünkben áttekintjük a terhességhez kapcsolódó leggyakoribb fiziológiás
szemészeti változásokat és egyéb patológiás szemészeti kórképeket, melyek a
várandósság alatti megváltozott hormonális, immunológiai és metabolikus
hatásokra kialakulhatnak, progrediálhatnak vagy fellángolhatnak. Ezenkívül
ismertetjük a szülésvezetés módjának szemészeti indikációból történő
eldöntésének vonatkozásait és a szülés kapcsán előforduló szemészeti
szövődményeket. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(52): 2089–2099.
Summary. During pregnancy, significant changes occur in the
endocrine system that ensure the appropriate anatomical and physiological
development of the foetus as well as smooth delivery at term. Apart from the
reproductive system, these effects can affect other organs such as the eye and
ocular adnexa. Ophthalmic changes can manifest in physiological and pathological
abnormalities, most of which are transient and harmless; however, some cases may
require therapeutic intervention or may be indicative of severe underlying
disease. Our review focuses on the most common physiological ophthalmic changes
associated with pregnancy and other pathological ophthalmic diseases that may
develop, progress or exacerbate due to altered hormonal, immunological and
metabolic effects during gestation. Furthermore, aspects of deciding the
delivery mode from an ophthalmic indication, along with ocular complications
related to childbirth, are described. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(52): 2089–2099.
Laryngealis szűkületek innovatív sebészi megoldásai újszülött- és csecsemőkorban
Authors: Bach Ádám , Erdélyi Eszter , Sztanó Balázs , Tóbiás Zoltán , Rovó László 
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A veleszületett légúti szűkületek gyakran kombináltan
jelentkeznek, és más szervrendszert is érintő kísérőbetegségekkel, illetve
malformációkkal is társulhatnak. Figyelembe véve ezeket a tényezőket, illetve a
csecsemőkori légút speciális anatómiáját és sérülékeny szöveteit, a felső légúti
szűkületek sebészi kezelése újszülött- és csecsemőkorban igen nagy kihívást
jelentő feladat, melynek célja a mihamarabbi definitív, stabil légút biztosítása
a hangképzés és a nyelési funkció megőrzésével. A laryngomalacia, a
hangszalagbénulás és a subglotticus stenosis együttesen a gége veleszületett
rendellenességeinek megközelítőleg 90%-áért felelős. A szerzők erre a három
kórképre fókuszálva egy-egy eset kapcsán bemutatják a Szegedi Tudományegyetem
Fül-Orr-Gégészeti és Fej-Nyaksebészeti Klinikáján működő légútsebészeti
munkacsoport által rutinszerűen alkalmazott innovatív sebészi módszereket. A
bemutatott sebészeti megoldások egy lépésben, tracheostoma, sztentelés és graft
beültetése nélkül azonnali stabil légutat biztosítanak jó hangminőséggel és
nyelési funkcióval a supraglottis, a glottis és a subglottis dinamikus és
statikus szűkületei esetén egyaránt. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(52): 2100–2106.
Summary. Congenital airway stenoses occur frequently in combinations
or may be associated with comorbidities and malformations affecting other organ
systems. Considering these factors as well as the special anatomy and vulnerable
tissues of the pediatric airway, surgical treatment in neonates and infants is
an extremely challenging task. The ultimate goal of the management is to ensure
a definitive and adequate airway as soon as possible with the preservation of
voice and swallowing. Laryngomalacia, vocal cord palsy and subglottic stenosis
together account for approximately 90% of congenital laryngeal disorders.
Focusing on these three diseases, the authors – the airway surgery working group
at the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of
Szeged, Hungary – present their routinely applied innovative surgical strategies
in connection with three cases. The presented ‘one-step’ surgical solutions
provide immediate stable airway with good voice quality and swallowing function
without tracheostomy, stenting, or graft implantation for both dynamic and
static stenoses of the supraglottis, glottis, and subglottis. Orv Hetil. 2021;
162(52): 2100–2106.
A SARS-CoV-2-járvány kihívásai és tapasztalatai a molekuláris diagnosztikában
Authors: Zóka András , Tresó Bálint , Bekő Gabriella 
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. Bár a SARS-CoV-2-pandémia próbára tette a
diagnosztikus kapacitásokat, számos hasznos tapasztalattal is szolgált, melyek
alacsonyabb mintaszám mellett nem lettek volna levonhatók. Míg korábban a
PCR-vizsgálatok jellemzően diagnosztikus, illetve kvantitatív követési célokat
szolgáltak, a járvány során többségbe kerültek a szűrő- és (kezdetben) a
felszabadító vizsgálatok. Jól követhető volt, hogy a tesztek piacra juttatásának
erőltetett üteme sokszor nem tette lehetővé a teljesen kiforrott koncepciók
létrehozását. Tekintettel arra, hogy a molekuláris diagnosztika során nem teljes
vírusgenomokat, hanem célszakaszokat mutatunk ki, amelyek aránya a fertőzés
egyes szakaszaiban nem feltétlenül állandó, egyre valószínűbb, hogy nem azonos
célgének a legmegfelelőbbek diagnosztikus, szűrő- és felszabadító
vizsgálatokhoz. A nagy mennyiségű, aspecifikusan végzett vizsgálat még kiváló
fajlagosság mellett is a pozitív prediktív érték csökkenéséhez vezethet,
amennyiben a fertőzés tényleges prevalenciája a vizsgálati csoportban alacsony.
Munkánkban megkíséreljük irodalmi és saját adatok felhasználásával összefoglalni
az elmúlt két év fontosabb diagnosztikus tapasztalatait a teljesség igénye
nélkül. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(52): 2071–2078.
Summary. Although the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been a great challenge
for the diagnostic capacities, it also proved to be a unique source of
experience. While previously PCR tests had overwhelmingly been used for targeted
diagnostic and quantitative follow-up testing, screening and (initially) release
tests became far more prevalent during the pandemic. It was well to be seen that
the forced pace of bringing tests to market often gave way to not fully mature
concepts. The PCR method is based on the detection of sequences, the proportions
of which are likely to alter throughout the course of the disease. It is
becoming increasingly clear that different target genes might be the best
suitable for diagnostic, screening and release testing. Even with specific
assays, an unprecedentedly high number of tests might result in the inflation of
the positive predictive value, when the true prevalence of the infection remains
very low among the tested individuals. Here we try to summarize some of the
potentially most relevant diagnostic conclusions of the pandemic so far
according to our own data and the literature. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(52):
2071–2078.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN SIMULASI INTERAKTIF BERBASIS ADOBE FLASH MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR
Authors: Soprihatin Pur Yanti , Haqiqi Arghob Khofya 
Published: January 2022

Materi IPA khususnya sifat materi fisika yang kuantitatif, yaitu menggunakan konsep-konsep serta hubungan antara beberapa konsep yang memiliki banyak perhitungan matematis sehingga siswa sering merasa bosan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran simulasi interaktif berbasis adobe flash materi suhu dan kalor dan menganalisis bagaimana kelayakan pengembangan media pembelajaran simulasi interaktif berbasis adobe flash materi suhu dan kalor. Penelitian (Research and Development) dengan menggunakan metode 4D (Define, Design, Development, Dissemination). Pengembangan media dimulai dengan pembuatan draft awal dalam bentuk story board yang kemudian disusun menggunakan fitur dalam adobe flash. Data pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil angket dari ahli media, ahli materi, dan responden uji coba kelas kecil dan kelas besar diolah untuk menentukan tingkat kelayakan dari media pembelajaran. Adapun hasil penelitian dari ahli media mendapatkan rerata skor sebesar 3,625 ahli materi mendapatkan rerata skor rata- rata 3,53 dan 3,67 dari uji coba kelas kecil dan kelas besar mendapatkan rerata skor sebesar 3,59 dan 3, 62 dengan kategori sangat layak. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran simulasi interaktif suhu dan kalor mampu membuat peserta didik mudah mudah menyerap isi materi suhu dan kalor dengan mensimulasikan suatu praktikum kedalam media pembelajaran.