bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Use of Negative Oral Contrast and Ranitidine for Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Natarajan Aravintho , Phansalkar Dilip S. , Kurian George , R. Mithun Raj , T. Preeth Pany , Jayabalan Jayaranjeetham 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a noninvasive imaging modality to study pancreaticobiliary tree. The primary aim of this study was to compare the image quality of MRCP obtained with the use of ferric ammonium chloride (negative oral contrast) with that of combined use of ferric ammonium chloride and ranitidine (administered orally). Secondary aim was to determine the interobserver agreement between the assessing radiologists.
Materials and Methods The study was a single-center randomized-controlled trial. The patients were randomized into two groups. One group received ranitidine orally and ferric ammonium chloride (Dexorange) and the other group received only the ferric ammonium chloride. The images were qualitatively analyzed independently by the two blinded radiologists. Two scoring systems were used for grading the diagnostic quality of the images: the gastrointestinal tract signal intensity score (range: 1–4) and the structure visibility score (range: 0–3). The mean score of contrast effect and image effect of the two groups were compared by using Mann–Whitney U test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Interobserver agreement was studied using Cohen kappa coefficient.
Results A total of 93 patients were eligible for the study. Forty-one patients were randomly assigned to the group that received only negative oral contrast and 52 group that received both ranitidine and negative oral contrast. The mean score of the images obtained with using both ranitidine and negative oral contrast was significantly higher when compared with the other group (3.02 vs. 2.7) (p-value = 0.018). However, there was no significant difference in mean structure visualization score of various parts of the pancreaticobiliary system. The interobserver agreement between the two readers in our study was acceptable.
Conclusion Combined use of hematinic syrup and ranitidine increases the image quality by improving the suppression of gastrointestinal fluid signal as compared with the use of only hematinic syrup as negative oral contrast.
Intraosseous Dermoid Presenting as an Expansile Lytic Lesion
Authors: O'Shea Grace E. , Watson Victoria L. , Acakpo-Satchivi Leslie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCranial dermoids have the tendency to occur in the midline, especially near fontanelles and sutures early in the life of a patient. Here we present an unusual case of an intraosseous dermoid that presented initially as a lytic lesion, off of the midline and not associated with cranial sutures or fontanelles. The diameter of the lesion grew to approx 15 mm over time, thus the decision was made to take the child to surgery for removal of dermoid with the use of neuronavigation and cranioplasty. A dermoid cyst was confirmed on histopathologic analysis.
A Decade of Pediatric Intensive Care Outreach and the Deteriorating Child—The Relationship between Dose and Outcomes in a Tertiary Children's Hospital
Authors: Kirby Lynette , Chagan Jayshan , Adams Catherine , Duns Natalie , Haddad Michael , Pearson Sarah , Tegg Oliver , Goh Chong Tien 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the amalgamation and maturation of a Pediatric Intensive Care Outreach Service (PICOS) with a rapid response system (RRS) and associated outcomes over a 10-year period. It is a single-center retrospective study analyzing patient outcomes within the context of significant organizational changes introducing a track and trigger RRS called Between the Flags (BTF) and evolution of this system to electronic observation charting and alerts (eBTF) in a tertiary metropolitan children's hospital. Children on inpatient wards who required urgent activation of the RRS and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between 2009 and 2018 were included. Three cohorts were identified according to the system changes—pre-BTF (2009–2011), BTF (2012–2017), and eBTF (2017–2018). The PICOS dose (number of activations per 1000 hospital admissions) increased with the introduction of BTF and the RRS and this trend continued following eBTF. The number of PICU admissions via the PICOS did not vary across the decade. When comparing the pre-BTF to the BTF group, PICU mortality decreased (p < 0.05), Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 Risk of Death scores improved, and hospital length of stay decreased (p < 0.05) in the BTF group. Introduction of a track and trigger RRS and electronic charting augmenting an existing PICOS is associated with increasing dose and workload, with no significant impact on PICU admission rates or length of stay. PICOS patient mortality has notably decreased with the introduction of an RRS; however, this impact was not sustained with the addition of electronic charting and alerts in the patient medical record.
Venous Thromboembolism in Surgically Treated Esophageal Cancer Patients: A Provincial Population-Based Study
Authors: Akhtar-Danesh Gileh-Gol , Akhtar-Danesh Noori , Shargall Yaron 
Published: July 2022

Objective Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in surgical patients. Surgery for esophageal cancer carries a high risk of VTE. This study identifies the risk factors and associated mortality of thrombotic complications among patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery.
Methods All patients in the province of Ontario undergoing esophageal cancer surgery from 2007 to 2017 were identified. Logistic regression identified VTE risk factors at 90 days and 1 year postoperatively. A flexible parametric survival analysis compared mortality and survival up to 5 years after surgery for patients with and without a postoperative VTE.
Results Overall 9,876 patients with esophageal cancer were identified; 2,536 (25.7%) underwent surgery. VTE incidence at 90 days and 1 year postoperatively were 4.1 and 6.3%, respectively. Patient factors including age, sex, performance status, and comorbidities were not associated with VTE risk. VTE risk peaked at 1 month after surgery, with a subsequent decline, plateauing after 6 months. Adenocarcinoma was strongly associated with VTE risk compared with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (odds ratio [OR] 2.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38–4.63, p = 0.003). VTE risk decreased with adjuvant chemotherapy (OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.36–0.94, p = 0.028). Postoperative VTE was associated with decreased survival at 1 and 5 years (hazard ratio = 1.57, 95% CI 1.23–2.00, p < 0.001).
Conclusion Esophageal cancer patients with postoperative VTE have worse long-term survival compared with those without thrombotic complications. Adenocarcinoma carries a higher VTE risk compared with SCC. Strategies to reduce VTE risk should be considered to reduce the negative impacts on survival conferred by thrombotic events.
Rivaroxaban Plus Aspirin for Extended Thromboprophylaxis in Acutely Ill Medical Patients: Insights from the MARINER Trial
Authors: Spyropoulos Alex C. , Goldin Mark , Ageno Walter , Albers Gregory W. , Elliott C. Gregory , Hiatt William R. , Halperin Jonathan L. , Maynard Gregory , Steg P. Gabriel , Weitz Jeffrey I. , Spiro Theodore E. , Lu Wentao , Marsigliano Jessica , Raskob Gary E. , Barnathan Elliot S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background The MARINER trial evaluated whether postdischarge thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban could reduce the primary outcome of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) or VTE-related death in acutely ill medical patients at risk for VTE. Although aspirin use was not randomized, approximately half of the enrolled patients were receiving aspirin at baseline. We hypothesized that thromboprophylaxis with once-daily rivaroxaban (10 mg or, if creatinine clearance was 30–49 mL/min, 7.5 mg) plus aspirin (R/A) would be superior to placebo without aspirin (no thromboprophylaxis [no TP]).
Methods We compared the primary and major secondary outcomes in the intention-to-treat population in four subgroups defined at baseline: (1) R/A (N = 3,159); (2) rivaroxaban alone (N = 2,848); (3) aspirin alone (N = 3,046); and (4) no TP (N = 2,966). Major bleeding (MB) and nonmajor clinically relevant (NMCR) bleeding were assessed in the safety population on treatment plus 2 days.
Results Patients on R/A had reduced symptomatic VTE and VTE-related death compared with no TP (0.76 vs 1.28%, p = 0.042), and experienced less symptomatic VTE and all-cause mortality (p = 0.005) and all-cause mortality alone (p = 0.01) compared with no TP. Event incidences for rivaroxaban alone (0.91%) or aspirin alone (0.92%) were similar. MB was low in all groups but lowest in the no TP group. NMCR bleeding was increased with R/A compared with no TP (p = 0.009).
Limitations Aspirin use was not randomized.
Conclusion Extended postdischarge thromboprophylaxis with R/A was associated with less symptomatic VTE and VTE-related death compared with no TP in previously hospitalized medical patients at risk for VTE. NMCR bleeding was increased with R/A compared with no TP. These post hoc findings need confirmation in a prospective trial.
JAK2 Mutation and Its Assessment in Relation to Profile of Young Polycythemia Patients in India
Authors: Bist Ankita , Kandpal Ajay , A. Sumitha , R. Dhanasekaran 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose The main aim of this study was to detect the presence of JAK2 mutation and its assessment in relation to the clinical, hematological, and mutational profile of young patients with established polycythemia.
Methods Cross-sectional observational study was undertaken over a period of 1 year in a tertiary care center. Sixty patients were included in our study between the age 18 and 50 years with confirmed diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Reports of all the investigations including bone marrow biopsy and JAK2 mutation testing were assessed.
Results Presence of JAK2 mutation V617F was found in 38% patients, while bone marrow panmyelosis was present in 67% patients. Higher mean hemoglobin levels were observed in JAK2 mutation-positive patients, compared with those who were negative. Thrombosis-related complications were observed in five patients, all of whom were JAK2 mutation positive, while out of the 18 patients requiring phlebotomy, 15 patients were JAK2 mutation positive.
Conclusion JAK2 mutation V617F in young Indian population is seen in significantly less cases as compared with Western data, while bone marrow panmyelosis is frequently observed and thus a significant finding for diagnosing polycythemia in our setting. Median hemoglobin was greater for JAK2 mutation-positive cases and so were the phlebotomy requirements and thrombotic events occurrences. Forty-two percent patients had history of some exposure to high-altitude areas adhering to the fact that high altitude is an established risk factor for developing polycythemia and the same is reinforced by our study.
Hydroxocobalamin Treatment and Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Scale Scores
Authors: Ayça Senem , Dogan Ceren 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMigraine is a common neurologic disorder in children, especially in adolescents. It can affect the school performance, family, and social daily activities. The Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (PedMIDAS) is commonly used in young patients. This study evaluated vitamin B12 deficiency in children with migraine and the effect of hydroxocobalamin treatment on PedMIDAS scores. The study group comprised patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and diagnosed migraine. The PedMIDAS questionnaire was conducted before and 3 months after hydroxocobalamin treatment. PedMIDAS scores were evaluated and compared before and after hydroxocobalamin treatment. The mean ± standard deviation of vitamin B12 level was 175.9 ± 21.3 pg/mL in children with migraine. The PedMIDAS scores were significantly lower after hydroxocobalamin treatment than before treatment (p < 0.001). These results indicated that hydroxocobalamin made a positive contribution to the mitigation of migraine symptoms in children and that treating vitamin B12 deficiency could be a useful option.
Proximal Row Carpectomy Modifications for Capitate Arthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Perry Alexander C. , Wilkes Courtney , Curran Matthew W. T. , Ball Brandon J. , Morhart Michael J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) is a motion-sparing procedure for radiocarpal arthritis with reliable results. Traditionally, proximal capitate arthritis is a contraindication to PRC; however, PRC with modifications are proposed to circumvent this contraindication. PRC modifications can be broadly grouped into capitate resurfacing (CR) and capsular interposition (CI) procedures which could expand PRC indications. Our primary question was to characterize the outcomes achievable with various PRC modifications. Our secondary question was to determine which PRC modification was the optimal procedure when capitate arthritis was present.
Methods A systematic review was conducted to examine the outcomes of modified PRC procedures. Independent reviewers appraised multiple databases for PRC studies with modifications for capitate arthritis in adult patients (age >18 years) with a minimum of three cases and extractable outcomes. Modified PRC procedures included capsular/allograft interposition, resurfacing capitate pyrocarbon implants, and osteochondral grafting. Pertinent outcomes included patient demographics, range-of-motion, grip strength, patient-reported outcomes, and complications, including salvage rates.
Results Overall, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria—10 studies (n = 147) on CI and 8 studies on CR (n = 136). PRC with CI had the greatest flexion–extension arc and grip strength. Complications were marginally higher in the CR group (4%), while the CI group had a higher conversion to total wrist arthrodesis (10%).
Conclusion Techniques to address capitate arthritis center around resurfacing or soft tissue interposition. PRC modifications with CI produces better range-of-motion and grip strength but higher conversion to total wrist arthrodesis. Higher conversion rates may be attributable to longer follow-up periods in studies examining CI compared with CR.
Level of Evidence This is a Level III study.
Update on Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Irwin David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma remains a challenge both in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Due to the lack of a useful screening test and often clinically silent early course, disease stage is often advanced at the time of diagnosis. Surgical resection remains the only potentially curative treatment option and recurrence rates are high; however, liver transplantation has recently resulted in promising outcomes in certain groups of patients with intrahepatic and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. For patients in whom surgery is not an option, chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin is the first-line treatment. An array of locoregional management options exists, which includes transarterial embolization, hepatic arterial chemotherapy infusion, ablation, and radiation therapy. High-quality data from randomized controlled trials for these treatments remains limited, however, and additional study is needed.
Addressing the Devil Within: Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus—A Narrative Review
Authors: Garg Divyani , Chaudhry Neera 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNormal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is the most frequently occurring form of hydrocephalus among adults. It is characterized clinically by the classical triad, called Hakim's triad, comprising gait issues, cognitive impairment, and urinary problems. NPH may be primary or idiopathic (iNPH) or secondary. Characteristic neuroimaging features occur, which are vital to diagnosis. Diagnostic criteria in the form of Japanese guideline and Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2005 guidelines have been devised, and broadly, are based on a constellation of clinical and neuroimaging features, in association with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing. CSF tap test, extended lumbar drainage, and CSF infusion tests are invasive diagnostic tests. CSF tap test and extended lumbar drainage are used to demonstrate clinical reversibility with CSF drainage, and patients who demonstrate this are candidates for CSF shunting. However, due to the low negative predictive value of these tests, potential response to shunting cannot be negated among patients who do not respond to CSF drainage. Various shunting procedures are used for treatment, including ventriculoperitoneal, lumboperitoneal, and ventriculoatrial shunts. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy has also been attempted with limited success. Among the clinical features, gait abnormalities are most responsive to shunting. Persistent long-term response to shunting has been reported. Patients need to be meticulously followed up after the shunting procedure, to assess clinical and neuroimaging response, and detect possible shunt-related complications, especially CSF over-drainage. Early treatment is associated with better prognosis, and it is crucial to recognize and treat this condition before the development of severe symptoms.
Esthesioneuroblastoma (Olfactory Neuroblastoma): Overview and Extent of Surgical Approach and Skull Base Resection
Authors: Karp Emily E. , Gompel Jamie J. Van , Choby Garret 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEsthesioneuroblastoma is a rare malignancy originating from the olfactory epithelium. Treatment consists of surgical resection with strong consideration for adjuvant treatment in advanced Kadish stage and high Hyams grade. In the modern era, overall outcomes for esthesioneuroblastoma are favorable compared with many other sinonasal malignancies with 5-year overall survival estimated to be 80%. When selecting the optimal surgical approach, the surgeon must consider the approach that will allow for a negative margin resection and adequate reconstruction. In appropriately selected patients, endoscopic outcomes appear at least equivalent to open approaches and unilateral endoscopic approach may be used in select olfactory preservation cases.
Hate speech revisited in Romanian political discourse: from the Legion of the Archangel Michael (1927–1941) to AUR (2020–present day)
Authors: Gheorghiu Oana Celia , Praisler Alexandru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUltra-conservative, ultra-Orthodox, nationalist and xenophobic, advocating “family, nation, Christian faith and liberty”, the party Alianța pentru Uniunea Românilor (henceforth AUR—which translates as “GOLD” in Romanian) [Alliance for the Unity of Romanians] campaigned in an insidious manner, both in social media and in the poorer rural areas of Romania, gathering a momentum that few could foresee in the 2020 elections. It is in the hands of discourse experts to deconstruct such hate speeches and warn both policymakers and the general population against allowing them to proliferate in the public sphere. Accordingly, drawing on the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA), this paper aims to analyse samples of a speech of one of the leaders/ideologists of AUR, comparing them with the inflammatory discourse that paved the way to the Legionaries’ coming to power in 1940.
Improving effects of low-temperature atmospheric plasma on abdominal surgical site infection induced by ESBL-E. coli in rats
Authors: Wang Qi , Sun Yuan-song , Zhang Si-qi , Ding Yan-Wei , Gao Ming 
Published: July 2022

Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common complications of emergency abdominal surgery. With the increase of drug-resistant bacteria, abdominal SSI cannot be effectively controlled by increasing the use of antibiotics. Nonchemical treatment as an alternative to antibiotics for abdominal SSI induced by drug-resistant bacteria is urgently needed. This study is aimed at exploring the effects of low-temperature atmospheric plasma (LTAP) exposure for 30 and 60 s on abdominal SSI in in vitro and in vivo experiments. In the in vitro experiment, the culture dishes with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli) were exposed to LTAP and the changes in bacterial concentration and structure were observed by bacterial culture counting and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In in vivo experiments, we established an abdominal SSI rat model induced by ESBL-E. coli and the infected surgical sites were exposed to LTAP. The infiltration of inflammatory cells, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and the regeneration of fibrous tissue were evaluated by histopathological examination. The in vitro bacterial experiment showed that the concentration of bacteria exposed to LTAP for 30 and 60 s was decreased, and the decline in bacterial concentration in the last 30 s was significantly higher than that in the first 30 s. TEM showed that the bactericidal effect of the LTAP exposure worked by damaging the morphology and intracellular structures of bacteria. In addition, our data suggested that reactive oxygen species are the key mediator of the bactericidal effect, and bacteria exposed to LTAP do not develop resistance to repeated exposure. The pathological results from in vivo experiments revealed that the inflammatory cells infiltrating into the infected site were inhibited. The proliferation of fibroblasts and the regeneration of fibers increased after exposure to LTAP for 30 and 60 s in abdominal SSI. In conclusion, our study indicated that LTAP was effective in wound sterilization, anti-inflammatory action, and healing promotion and holds promise as an alternative to antibiotics for treating abdominal SSIs.
Videogame localisation, spelling errors and player reception
Authors: Deckert Mikołaj , Hejduk Krzysztof 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Positioned against the backdrop of the booming videogame industry, the study sheds light on the relationship
between player experience and localisation. The experimental manipulation involved spelling errors serving as a proxy to examine
how much reception is reshaped by specific characteristics of the target version. The findings indicate that deficient spelling
has no traceable effect on player cognitive load, enjoyment or comprehension. From a complementary perspective, while the author
of the target version with typos is deemed less diligent than the one in the typo-free condition, they are not perceived as less
experienced or less likely to be considered to be a professional translator. On the other hand, spelling errors result in lower
translation quality estimations. The discussion is supplemented by results on typo identification and related to findings from
film reception.
Coulomb effects on time-trajectory-resolved high-order harmonic generation
Authors: Xie Xuejiao , Xu Ruihua , Zhang Fabin , Yu Shujuan , Liu Xun , Li Wei , Chen Yanjun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We studied the effects of Coulomb potential on high-order harmonic generation (HHG) numerically and analytically. We focus on the influence of Coulomb potential on emission times of HHG associated with specific electron trajectories. By using a numerical procedure based on a numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) in three dimensions, we extract the HHG emission times both for long and short electron trajectories. We compare the TDSE predictions with those of a Coulomb-modified model arising from strong-field approximation (SFA). We show that the Coulomb effect induces earlier HHG emission times than those predicted by the general SFA model without considering the Coulomb potential. In particular, this effect influences long and short electron trajectories differently and is more remarkable for low-energy harmonics than high ones. It also changes the HHG amplitudes for long and short electron trajectories. We validate our discussions with diverse laser parameters and forms of Coulomb potential. Our results strongly support a four-step model of HHG.