bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allometric Model, Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration of Natural Regeneration of Avicennia lanata (Ridley). at in-active Pond of Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Hasidu Fajar , Prasetya Arif , Maharani Maharani , Syaiful Muhammad , Analuddin Kangkuso 
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to establish an allometric model for estimation of aboveground biomass, and carbon sequestration in A. lanata mangrove forest growing in Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. Research methods were done by transect and 5 quadrats with size of 100 m2 each. A total of thirteen individual trees with different sizes were harvested. While DBH and D30 were measured. The samples were separated into stems, branches, and leaves and then weighted. The sample from each fresh organs were taken and brought to the Laboratory and then oven dried at 80°C for 7 days. The allometric equations were established by using independent variables (DBH and D30), and dependent variables (Ws, Wb, Wl). The partial and overall aboveground biomasses were calculated from allometric model, while carbon stock and CO2 sequestration were estimated. The results showed that the independent variable of DBH was more applicable for estimation of Ws, Wb, Wl, and total biomasses (Mg ha-1) of A. lanata forest, which were estimated as 28.28±3.48, 6.40±0.79, 5.00±0.66, and 40.08±4.97 respectively. The carbon stock in stems (13.24±1.63 Mg ha-1) was higher than in branches (3.01±0.37 Mg C ha-1) as well as in leaves (2.35±0.31 Mg C ha-1). The total of carbon stock were estimated at about 18.83±2.33 Mg C ha-1. Meanwhile, the total of CO2 absorption by A. lanata mangrove was 43.95±5.45 Mg CO2 ha-1. Therefore a regenerated A. lanata mangrove in this in-active pond area had potentiality on carbon stock and sequestrations, although these vegetation condition was still in the growth stage.
Lexikologie
Authors: Putterer Elisabeth 
Published: March 2022

Die vom Narr Francke Attempto Verlag herausgegebene Reihe LinguS (Linguistik und Schule) zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Bänder nicht nur ein Grundlagenwissen in verschiedenen Bereichen der Sprachwissenschaft vermitteln, sondern dieses Wissen aus einer sprachdidaktischen Perspektive mit Bezug auf die Unterrichtspraxis behandeln. Die Publikation von Christine Römer und Afra Sturm – der 9. Band der Reihe LinguS – bietet einen Überblick über die Grundbegriffe der Lexikologie, in dessen Mittelpunkt dementsprechend der Wortschatz und die Wortschatzvermittlung in der Schule stehen. Die Autorinnen charakterisieren ihr Buch als „eine Hilfe für das angemessene Beschreiben, Lernen und Lehren des deutschen Wortschatzes“ (S. 9).
Lung histopathological profile of male albino Wistar rats exposed to tobacco smoke administered ethanolic extract of red spinach
Authors: Idacahyati Keni , Agustiani Rani , Nurviana Vera , Wulandari Winda Trisna , Gustaman Firman 
Published: March 2022

Background: Exposure to tobacco smoke, which contains free radicals, can cause oxidative stress in the lung. Oxidative stress can trigger lung inflammation due to dilation of the alveolar lumen, alveolar wall thickening, and inflammatory cellular infiltration. Red spinach (Alternanthera amoena Voss.) leaves have antioxidant activity in vitro, with IC50 = 4.32 μg/mL.
Objective: To assess the antioxidant activity of red spinach in male albino Wistar rats.
Methods: The rats were divided into five test groups of five rats each: the negative control (1% Na-CMC suspension), the positive control (vitamin C suspension), and three experimental groups receiving red spinach leaves at a dose of 200 mg/Kg BW, 400 mg/Kg BW, and 600 mg/Kg BW, respectively. All the rats were exposed to tobacco smoke for 14 days using three cigarettes in a smoking chamber. The right lung was taken for histopathology.
Results: The results showed that doses of 200 mg/Kg BW, 400 mg/Kg BW, and 600 mg/Kg BW could reduce the level of lung damage, i.e. the enlarged alveolar lumen, thickened alveolar wall, and inflammatory cellular infiltration.
Conclusion: The dose of 600 mg/Kg BW was effective in reducing the level of lung damage compared to the negative control.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Alpinia galanga extract with microwave irradiation and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli
Authors: Haryani Yuli , Melanie Yonatha , Novita Maria , Yuharmen  , Hendra Rudi , Kartika Ganis Fia 
Published: March 2022

Background: This study deals with the rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by microwave irradiation using water extract of Alpinia galanga as a reducing agent.
Methods: The effect of concentrations of water extract and silver nitrate aqueous solution (1 mM) on the synthesis was investigated using the ratios 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, and 1:20. The formation of Ag NPs was observed after being microwaved for 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 seconds.
Results: The best Ag NPs were produced from the ratio of 1:10 after 180 s irradiation, confirmed by the optimum absorbance at 450 nm using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the size of the Ag NPs was 50 nm. Their antibacterial activity was determined using Resazurin microtiter assay against Escherichia coli, and the results showed that it inhibited 94.4% of E. coli. It was significantly different (p < 0.05) with the inhibition of extract and Amoxsan, which inhibited 71.1% and 85.8% of E. coli, respectively.
Conclusion: The use of microwave irradiation on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Alpinia galanga extract as a reducing agent appears to be rapid and eco-friendly.
Pancreatic histological studies in mice induced by alloxan and steeping okra coffee (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench)
Authors: Anggraeni Indiana Gita , Wahid Rahmat A Hi , Marfu’ah Nurul 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Those suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) form one of the high-risk groups for developing severe illness from COVID-19. Steeping okra coffee (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench) is empirically used in DM treatment.
Objective: To determine the pancreatic histology in mice induced by alloxan and steeping okra coffee (SOC).
Method: This was an experimental research using 16 mice that were divided into four groups, 1) control group (alloxan and aquades) and SOC Group; 2-4), treated with steeping okra coffee at 1820, 3640, and 5460 mg/KgBW concentration for ten days.
Results: The treatment groups 2 and 3 showed an improvement in the damage of acinar cells and islets of Langerhans by 100%. On the other hand, there was still 25% vacuolisation on the islets of Langerhans in the group 4 treatment group.
Conclusion: The steeping okra coffee repaired the islets of Langerhans cells and acinar cells that were vacuolised.
Comparison and validation of EuroQol-5 Dimension level and Short Form-6 Dimension in cataract patients
Authors: Andayani Tri Murti , Kristina Susi Ari , Hidayaturahmah Rizky 
Published: March 2022

Background: EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) and Short Form-6 dimension (SF-6D) are instruments that have been widely used to assess utility index as an outcome parameter in pharmacoeconomic studies. The choice of an instrument will have an important effect and can influence the decision making of an economic health evaluation.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the SF-6D and EQ-5D instruments to assess utility index in cataract patients.
Methods: The study was conducted with on 448 cataract patients in a hospital in Yogyakarta. The subjects of the study were outpatient cataract patients over 45 years of age. The patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using the SF-6D, EQ-5D, and visual function questionnaire instruments. The construct validity was tested including known group validity using the independent sample t test and ANOVA, convergent validity with the Spearman correlation, ceiling effect, and bland and Altmand plots.
Results: A total of 448 cataract patients, mean age 64.7 (10.1) years, showed utility index assessed using the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D instruments, which were 0.7 (0.2) and 0.8 (0.1), respectively. Convergent validity shows that the EQ-5D-5L dimensions have a moderate to very strong correlation (0.4-0.9) with the dimensions on VFQ-25, as well as the SF-6D (0.4-0.8). The known group validity shows that both EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D can differentiate the patient's health status based on cataract surgery, visual acuity, and comorbidity. The Bland Altman plot shows the level of agreement between EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D of 91.7%. In better health status, the utility index of EQ-5D-5L is higher and vice versa, in the worse health status the utility index of SF-6D is higher.
Conclusion: Both the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D instruments are valid for assessing the utility index in cataract patients. By using different instruments, there are differences in the utility value of cataract patients based on their health status. Therefore it is necessary to consider in choosing the instrument in assessing utility as an outcome parameter in pharmacoeconomic study.
Signal detection of adverse drug reaction to first line anti tuberculosis drugs using the Indonesian pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Utami Setyo , Athiyah Umi , Nita Yunita 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Pharmacovigilance is a key component to identify risks associated with drug use. The safety of antituberculosis drugs (ATDs) is a concern.
Aim: To detect first-line ATD signals in the Indonesian pharmacovigilance database.
Methods: A retrospective cohort with a sample report of ADRs obtained from the National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NADFC) from 2012 to May 2018. The validity was seen from the completeness of the data. The signals found were verified against registered product labels, books, and reports from other countries' databases.
Results: ATD ADRs reported was 5.3%. The ATD that met the requirements as a signal was rash maculopapular (PRR 4.53; ROR 6.19; IC 0.74 and p=035) for Rifampicin-Isoniazid-Pyrazinamide-Ethambutol (RHZE) and rash (PRR 2.94; ROR 4.23; IC 1.41 and p=0.046) for RH.
Conclusion: Safety signals detected in the Indonesian pharmacovigilance database between 2012 and May 2018 were rash maculopapular.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO DESEJO E DA FALTA NA RELAÇÃO PROFESSOR E ALUNO NO AMBIENTE EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Souza da Penha do Nascimento Vanusa , Silva Diane Elias Rocha e , Araújo Aury Celia Pinto de , Pereira Diego Antônio de Souza , Silva Maria Oneide Sousa Lopes 
Published: March 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a importância do desejo e da falta no processo educacional no contexto de sala de aula. Os objetivos específicos têm por finalidade conhecer a construção social do sujeito. Compreender a importância do desejo e da falta no processo de educar. Diante desses objetivos surge uma indagação: como o desejo e a falta contribuem na relação professor e aluno no contexto de sala de aula? Para a elaboração dessa pesquisa foram utilizadas as seguintes fontes metodológicas: livros, revista, site da internet etc. Sendo que até o momento, estão sendo consultadas autores como: Wallon, Freud etc. A utilização dessas metodologias serve de bases para a elaboração da redação da pesquisa. Estes estudos têm abordado temas como: amor, desejo, falta, educar e aprendizagem.
Turismo alternativo como elemento del desarrollo regional, Caso: Puerto Chale, Baja California Sur, México.
Authors: Valdez Guerrero Raquel , Robles Arias Isela Margarita , Ríos Calderón Graciela Guadalupe , Ochoa Rojas Perla Marina 
Published: March 2022

En el estado de Baja California Sur, y específicamente en Puerto Chale el turismo es una oportunidad para el desarrollo regional, por las características del contexto, existen recursos distintivos naturales que aún no han sido aprovechados, como es el avistamiento de la ballena gris que, de enero a marzo de cada año, las costas se convierten en el santuario de la enorme ballena gris, que viaja más de 12,000 kilómetros, para aparearse y dar a luz a sus crías. Aunado a ello se puede observar grandes cantidades de pájaros que habitan en sus islas, la pesca y mariscos característicos del lugar, al lugar asisten turistas de todo el mundo, pero es muy poca la derrama económica debido que el lugar es muy virgen y no existe prestación de servicios de manera profesional, los habitantes se han dedicado a la pesca dejando de lado el desarrollo del turismo. El objetivo del proyecto es la propuesta de un plan para mejora de los incipientes servicios y productos que hoy se ofrecen en la localidad. El carácter de la investigación es aplicada, utilizando un método de trabajo con enfoque mixto donde se hace una investigación descriptiva documental y de campo, el procesamiento de la información se lleva a cabo con la utilización un sistema de gestión de diseño y control, como elemento base y primordial para el análisis y toma de decisiones. Los resultados obtenidos: Plan de acciones para mejorar los servicios y productos que se ofrecen al turismo.
EUSKAL OSASUN-SISTEMA JURIDIKOAREN KONTRATU-PROGRAMA
Authors: ARRATIBEL ARRONDO JOSÉ ANTONIO 
Published: March 2022

La Ley de Ordenación Sanitaria de Euskadi dispone que en la Comunidad Autónoma de Euskadi se garantiza la existencia de una dotación de recursos de titularidad pública adecuada a las necesidades sanitarias, realizándose su planificación con criterios de racionalización de recursos. En este trabajo estudiamos esa relación jurídica que surge entre la Administración Sanitaria y las entidades públicas que proveen servicio de tal naturaleza. A los efectos de la citada ley, el contrato-programa constituye el instrumento jurídico mediante el cual se articulan de manera directa las relaciones entre
el Departamento competente en materia de sanidad y las organizaciónes sanitarias públicas para la provisión de servicios sanitarios. En definitiva, analizaremos este régimen jurídico contractual a la luz del derecho interno y comunitario.
Euskadiko Antolamendu Sanitarioaren Legeak, Euskadiko Autonomi Elkartean titularitate publikoko baliabideen hornidura egotea garantizatuko da; hornidura hori beharrizan sanitarioei egokituta egongo da, eta baliabideen arrazionaltasun-irizpideen arabera planifikatuko da. Horretarako, hots, Osasun Administrazioak zerbitzu sanitarioz hornitzeko edozein entitate publikoarekin ezartzen dituen harremanak interesatzen zaigu. Beraz, bi erakunde publikoen arteko harrenan juridikoaz (kontratoaz) ari gara. Kasu honetan, EAL-k «programa-kontratu» izeneko lanabes juridikoaren bidez zuzenean antolatzen dira osasun alorrean eskumena duen sailaren eta Osasun-erakunde publikoen artean zerbitzu sanitarioz hornitzeko gauzatzen diren harremanak. Beraz, lan honek Kontratu-programa ikuspuntu juridiko batetik aztertuko dut eta, azken finean, kontratu mota horren ezaugarri juridikoak kontratazioari buruzko Estatu zen Europako zuzenbidea kontuan harturik.
The Health Planning Act of Euskadi lays down that the Autonomous Community of Euskadi shall guarantee a suitable allocation of public resources in order to stand up to health care needs by planning a rationalization of resources. This paper deals with the study of the legal relationship between Public Health authorities and the public organizations that provide with public health services. For the purposes of the aforementioned Act, the programme-contract is the legal instrument which directly articulates the relationships between the competent Department in Public Health and the public health
care organizations which provide with medical care services. In short, we will analyse this contractual legal scheme in the light of domestic and Community law.
LOS JUEGOS DE AZAR Y EL DERECHO DE ESTABLECIMIENTO Y LA LIBERTAD DE PRESTACIÓN DE SERVICIOS EN EL DERECHO EUROPEO
Authors: ARTETXE PALOMAR EUGENIO 
Published: March 2022

Las normativas sobre juegos de azar de los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea establecen barreras al derecho de establecimiento o la libertad de prestación de servicios. No existe armonización legislativa en la materia y la Directiva sobre Servicios excluye de su ámbito a los juegos de azar. No obstante, la litigiosidad de una pujante industria privada transfronteriza del juego ha dado origen a diversas cuestiones prejudiciales, que han ido perfilando la doctrina del Tribunal de Justicia de las Comunidades Europeas sobre cuando tales limitaciones puedan considerarse justificadas, no discriminatorias y proporcionadas, siendo los hitos de tal jurisprudencia los fallos de los casos Gambelli y Placanica. Dicha jurisprudencia no determina necesariamente la desaparición ni de los monopolios estatales sobre el juego, ni de otras barreras a las libertades comunitarias, pero si obliga a reflexionar sobre la adecuación de las políticas de juego vigentes a los parámetros jurisprudenciales.
Europar Batasuneko estatu kideek zorizko jokoei buruz dituzten araudietan, oztopoak jartzen zaizkie finkatzeko eskubideari edo zerbitzuak emateko askatasunari. Ez dago batasunik gai horretako legerian eta zerbitzuen zuzentarauak bere alorretik kanpo uzten ditu zorizko jokoak. Hala ere, mugez haraindiko joko-industria boteretsua auzitan jartzearen ondorioz, epaiketa aurreko hainbat gai jarri dira mahai gainean, eta horien arabera joan da itxura hartzen Europako Erkidegoetako Justizia Auzitegiaren doktrina. Doktrina horrek zehaztuko du muga horiek zenbateraino dauden justifikaturik, zenbateraino diren ez-diskriminatzaileak, eta zenbateraino diren neurrikoak. Jurisprudentzia horren gertaera gogoangarriak Gambelli eta Placanica kasuen epaiak dira. Jurisprudentzia horrek ez du xedatzen estatu-monopolioak ezinbestez desagertu behar direnik, ez eta batasuneko beste askatasun batzuen oztopoak ezabatu behar direnik ere. Baina gogoeta egitera bultzatzen du, hain zuzen, indarreko joko politikak jurisprudentziaren parametroetara moldatzen ote diren hausnartzera.
The rules on games of chance enacted by the Member States of the European Union hinder the right to free establishment and the free movement to provide services. There is not legislative harmonization and the Directive on Services excludes from its scope gambling activities. Nevertheless, the increasing number of lawsuits filed by the thriving cross-border gambling industry has already given rise to several preliminary questions which have shaped the doctrine of the European Court of Justice about when those restrictions can be considered justified, non-discriminatory and proportional, with the Gambelli and Placanica judgments as landmark cases on this issue. This case law does not necessarily entail the extinction of State monopolies in gambling activities or other barriers to Community freedoms, but it obliges to consider whether the current gambling activities¿ policies are adjusted to the case law standards.
LA LIBERTAD DE CIRCULACIÓN Y RESIDENCIA EN ESPAÑA: ALGUNAS NOTAS SOBRE SU TITULARIDAD Y RÉGIMEN DE EJERCICIO
Authors: GOIZUETA VÉRTIZ JUANA 
Published: March 2022

El objeto del presente trabajo es el estudio del derecho a la libre circulación y residencia en territorio español reconocido en el artículo 19 de la Constitución. Partiendo de la necesaria interpretación sistemática de la Constitución, se trata de realizar un análisis comparativo de la regulación actual del ejercicio del derecho en función de si su titular es extranjero o ciudadano comunitario. Para ello primero, se examina, con carácter instrumental, la titularidad del derecho y, posteriormente, se aborda el examen de su ejercicio prestando atención tanto a las condiciones a las que queda supeditado el ejercicio del derecho como a los límites que, eventualmente, pueden menoscabar su disfrute. En definitiva, se pretende poner de manifiesto la existencia de una multiplicidad de regímenes jurídicos que rigen el ejercicio del derecho. Una diversidad que trae causa en la diferente nacionalidad de su titular.
Lan honen objektua Konstituzioko 19. artikuluak espainiako lurraldean aitortzen duen zirkulazio eta egoitza askerako eskubidea aztertzea da. Konstituzioaren halabeharrezko interpretazio sistematikotik abiatuz, eskubidearen egikaritzan orain dagoen eraentzaren azterketa konparatiboa egiten da, bere titularra atzerritarra edo hiritar komunitarioa izatearen arabera. Horretarako, lehendabizi eskubidearen titulartasuna aztertzen da eta, ondoren, bere egikaritza, arreta jarriz eskubidea egikaritzeko baldintzei eta bere gozamena gutxitu dezaketen balizko mugei. Azken finean, eskubidearen egikaritza bideratzen duten eraentza juridikoen aniztasuna azpimarratu nahi da. Titularraren nazionalitate desberdinaren araberako aniztasuna.
The scope of this paper is the study of the right to free movement and residence within the Spanish territory as recognizad by article 19 of the Spanish Constitution. Based on the necessary systematic interpretation of the Constitution, this work is about doing a comparative analysis of the current regulation regarding the exercise of that right when it is enjoyed by a foreigner or by a Community citizen. In order to do this, we examine the entitlement to exercise the right and then the exercise itself paying attention to its conditions and limitations. Limitations that might hinder the enjoyment of the aforementioned right. In one word, we try to show that there exists multiple regimes governing the exercise and enjoyment of this right to free movement and residence. And that variety is provoked by the different nationality of the right's holder.
LOS PATRIMONIOS PÚBLICOS DE SUELO: PREVISIONES LEGISLATIVAS Y APLICACIÓN PRÁCTICA EN EL MUNICIPIO DE DONOSTIA-SAN SEBASTIÁN
Authors: GOÑI RUESGAS JUAN 
Published: March 2022

Se analiza la necesidad de mantener la figura de los Patrimonios Municipales de Suelo, como «patrimonio separado» y con destino básicamente a la construcción de viviendas de protección pública. El autor defiende que la figura no sólo no ha perdido vigencia, sino que resulta de absoluta actualidad, porque la adquisición y disponibilidad pública de suelo es imprescindible para que los poderes públicos y, en concreto, los Ayuntamientos, puedan llevar adelante una política decidida de renovación urbana, de nuevas dotaciones, de reserva de espacios naturales y de promoción de vivienda protegida y, sobre todo, en alquiler. Pero sugiere determinados cambios legislativos, principalmente en la regulación autonómica, tanto en relación con los recursos que deben adscribirse obligatoriamente al PMS como en sus destinos, que deberían tener como fin, ante todo, la construcción, mantenimiento y mejora de la ciudad.
Udalaren Lurzoru-Ondarea (ULO) izeneko figura gordetzeko beharrizana aztertzen da, «ondare bereizi» moduan eta batez ere babes publikoko etxebizitzak eraikitzera bideratutako ondare moduan. Egileak aldezten du figura horrek ez duela indarrik galdu; aitzitik, aldezten du erabateko gaurkotasunekoa dela. Izan ere, lurzoruaren eskurapena eta erabilgarritasuna ezinbestekoa da aginte publikoek ¿eta, zehazki, udalek¿ etxebizitzako
politika bat aurrera eraman ahal izan dezaten, batik bat arlo hauetan: hiri-berriztapena, zuzkidura berriak, gune naturalen erreserba eta etxebizitza babestuaren ¿eta batez ere, errentako etxebizitzaren¿ sustapena. Baina legegintza-aldaketa jakin batzuk iradokitzen ditu, batez ere araupetze autonomikoan, bai ULOri nahitaez atxiki behar zaizkion baliabideen inguruan, bai ondare horren zertarakoetan ere. Zertarako horiek xedetzat izango beharko lukete, batez ere, hiria eraikitzea, iraunaraztea eta hobetzea.
It is analyzed the need of keeping the institution of city council propiertorship of land, as a «separate patrimony» and basically with the purpose of building social housing. The author argues that the institution is not only valid but also absolutely relevant because the public purchase and availability of land is essential for public authorities, and to be precise, for city councils in order to carry out a resolute policy of urban reorganisation, of new equipments, of reservation of open spaces and of promotion of subsidized housing and, above all, of social housing to rent. But he suggests specific legislative changes, mainly in the Autonomous regulation, both in relation to resources that should be attached to cities council propiertoship of land and in relation to its purposes, which should have as purpose, above all, the building, maintenance and improvement of the city.