bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Effectiveness of Peer Feedback in Second Language Writing: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Vuogan Alyssa , Li Shaofeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPeer feedback is a frequent feature of second language (L2) writing instruction. However, whether it is facilitative of L2 writing development is controversial. This meta‐analysis aggregates the quantitative results of 26 empirical studies to (1) provide an accurate estimate of peer feedback's effectiveness in improving L2 writing, (2) compare its effects with those of other sources of feedback, and (3) identify factors moderating its effectiveness. Results revealed that peer feedback has a significant positive overall effect on students' writing: d = .73, 95% CI: .54–.92. No significant differences were found between the effects of peer feedback, teacher feedback, and self‐revisions; however, this finding is tentative given the small number of primary studies comparing peer feedback and feedback from other sources. Moderator analyses revealed larger effect sizes when students had more time to write and when treatments were longer. The analyses further showed that peer feedback had greater effects on revisions than new compositions and that peer feedback was more effective for content than language (lexis and grammar). Based on the findings and methodological features of the primary research, recommendations for further research are proposed so that firmer conclusions may be obtained in future meta‐analyses.
“Should I stay or should I go?”—Why the future of global work may be less binary: Lessons on approaches to global crises from the experiences of expatriates during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Végh Judit , Jenkins Joyce , Claes Marie‐Therese 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 has significantly impacted expatriates, affecting their ability to work effectively and their personal and family lives. This study explores their experiences in different phases of the pandemic, and their perspectives on the future of international living in light of such global disruption. Involving over 600 expatriates in 48 countries, the research shows shifts in motivation and priorities as a result of the crisis and reveals how family (extended and immediate) topped expatriates' concerns. The study examines if and how support systems worked and looks at coping mechanisms, skills, traits, previous experience, and attitudes which participants found useful. A common theme was “falling between two stools”—where expatriates were ineligible for support in either their home country or in their host country. Others described being “pulled in different directions” or “torn by a dilemma” with pros and cons in either choice. The study contributes to the questions about the future of global work with results of the survey revealing changing norms for expatriation and global mobility raising the possibility of more nuanced approaches to global projects and less binary options for global professionals and their families.
Determination of Mn, Cu and Pb background level in higher aquatic plants within Belarusian reservoirs based on National Monitoring System Data
Authors: Zhukovskaya Natalia V. , Kavalchyk Nadzeya V. , Vlasov Boris P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe intensity of heavy metal accumulation by aquatic plants can be used as an indicator of the water body ecological status. Macrophyte‐based assessment of the contamination level by heavy metals in aquatic environments assumes their background content data. The background level of Mn, Cu, and Pb contents in aquatic plants of lakes has been determined according to the monitoring data. During the National Environment Monitoring 827 macrophyte samples have been collected from 47 Belarusian reservoirs and lakes. Background and anomalous values have been established empirically with help of such statistical methods as (median ± 2MAD), Tukey Box Plot and cumulative probability (or Q‐Q) plot. The highest threshold values of analyzed elements are obtained for submersed aquatic plants and amount 5817.0 mg/kg for Mn, 78.0 mg/kg for Cu, and 54.7 mg/kg for Pb. The lakes with abnormal metal contents in macrophyte tissues have been revealed. Spatial distribution of Mn, Cu, and Pb anomalous have been analyzed. Some differences in spatial patterns between ecological groups are mainly caused by varying predominant sources of elements intake into plants.
Introduction to Interlaboratory Comparisons
Authors: Petter Françoise , Trontin Charlotte , Anthoine Géraldine , Ravnikar Maja , Dreo Tanja , Lukežič Tadeja , Vučurović Ana , Mehle Nataša 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere are two types of interlaboratory comparison studies: proficiency tests, which aim at monitoring the proficiency of laboratories, and test performance studies (TPS), which aim at evaluating the performance of (a) specific test(s) and whether it (they) is (are) fit for purpose. This booklet covers only TPS organisation. A TPS is usually organised to monitor the performance of a newly developed test to detect and/or identify pests or to compare the performance of different tests. The results of TPS also provide information on how (a) test(s) perform(s) in different laboratories. This allows a better estimation of the accuracy and reproducibility of tests. Organising a TPS is a complex process that requires considerable effort from the organisers in terms of time, expertise, and finances. Therefore, the selection of e.g. pests and of participants are important steps which are described in this chapter It also discusses the minimum criteria that the TPS organiser should meet.
Limited clinical utility of a machine learning revision prediction model based on a national hip arthroscopy registry
Authors: Martin R. Kyle , Wastvedt Solvejg , Lange Jeppe , Pareek Ayoosh , Wolfson Julian , Lund Bent 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Accurate prediction of outcome following hip arthroscopy is challenging and machine learning has the potential to improve our predictive capability. The purpose of this study was to determine if machine learning analysis of the Danish Hip Arthroscopy Registry (DHAR) can develop a clinically meaningful calculator for predicting the probability of a patient undergoing subsequent revision surgery following primary hip arthroscopy.

Methods
Machine learning analysis was performed on the DHAR. The primary outcome for the models was probability of revision hip arthroscopy within 1, 2, and/or 5 years after primary hip arthroscopy. Data were split randomly into training (75%) and test (25%) sets. Four models intended for these types of data were tested: Cox elastic net, random survival forest, gradient boosted regression (GBM), and super learner. These four models represent a range of approaches to statistical details like variable selection and model complexity. Model performance was assessed by calculating calibration and area under the curve (AUC). Analysis was performed using only variables available in the pre-operative clinical setting and then repeated to compare model performance using all variables available in the registry.

Results
In total, 5581 patients were included for analysis. Average follow-up time or time-to-revision was 4.25 years (± 2.51) years and overall revision rate was 11%. All four models were generally well calibrated and demonstrated concordance in the moderate range when restricted to only pre-operative variables (0.62–0.67), and when considering all variables available in the registry (0.63–0.66). The 95% confidence intervals for model concordance were wide for both analyses, ranging from a low of 0.53 to a high of 0.75, indicating uncertainty about the true accuracy of the models.

Conclusion
The association between pre-surgical factors and outcome following hip arthroscopy is complex. Machine learning analysis of the DHAR produced a model capable of predicting revision surgery risk following primary hip arthroscopy that demonstrated moderate accuracy but likely limited clinical usefulness. Prediction accuracy would benefit from enhanced data quality within the registry and this preliminary study holds promise for future model generation as the DHAR matures. Ongoing collection of high-quality data by the DHAR should enable improved patient-specific outcome prediction that is generalisable across the population.

Level of evidence
Level III.
Silver nanoparticle effect on Salmonella enterica isolated from Northern West Egypt food, poultry, and calves
Authors: Torky Helmy Ahmed , Khaliel Samy Abd-Elsalam , Sedeek Eman Khalifa , Tawfik Rasha Gomaa , Bkheet Ahmad Abo Elmagd , Ebied Sawsan Khamees , Amin Heba said , Zahran Samir Ibrahim , Emara Hadeer Abd-Elhady , Nofal Abeer Mohamad , Elghazaly Eman Moneer 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A total no. of 65 Salmonella enterica isolates recovered from food samples, feces of diarrheic calves, poultry, and hospital patient in large five cities at Northern West Egypt were obtained from the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. The 65 Salmonella enterica isolates had the invA gene were grouped into 11 Salmonella enterica serovars with dominance of S. Enteritidis and S. Kentucky serovars. Their resistance pattern were characterized by using 18 antibiotics from different classes. Approximately 80% of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consequences polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) typing of 7 strains of S. Enteritidis showed 5 clusters with dissimilarity 25%. S. Enteritidis clusters in 2 main groups A and B. Group A have 2 human strain (HE2 and HE3) and one food origin (FE7) with a similarity 99%. Group B divided into B1 (FE2) and B2 (FE3) with a similarity ratio ≥ 93%, while ERIC-PCR analysis of 5 strains of S. Kentucky revealed 4 ERIC types, clustered in 2 main groups A and B with similarity 75%. We studied the effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on 10 antibiotic resistant strains of S. Enteritidis and S. Kentucky. The broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were detected. Evaluation of the affection using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed different ratios of Ag-NPs and microorganism as well as at different contact time ended finally with morphological alteration of the bacteria. We submitted new method in vivo to explore the activity of nanosilver in chicken.

Key points
• Importance of ERIC-PCR to determine the relatedness between Salmonella isolates.
• Effect of silver nanoparticles to confront the antibacterial resistance.
• Studying the effect of silver nanoparticles in vivo on infected chicken with Salmonella.
Immune phenotypes and checkpoint molecule expression of clonally expanded lymph node-infiltrating T cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Ballhausen Alexej , Ben Hamza Amin , Welters Carlotta , Dietze Kerstin , Bullinger Lars , Rahn Hans-Peter , Hartmann Sylvia , Hansmann Martin-Leo , Hansmann Leo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLymph node-infiltrating T cells have been of particular interest in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). High rates of complete therapeutic responses to antibody-mediated immune checkpoint blockade, even in relapsed/refractory patients, suggest the existence of a T cell-dominated, antigen-experienced, functionally inhibited and lymphoma-directed immune microenvironment. We asked whether clonally expanded T cells (1) were detectable in cHL lymph nodes, (2) showed characteristic immune phenotypes, and (3) were inhibited by immune checkpoint molecule expression. We applied high-dimensional FACS index sorting and single cell T cell receptor αβ sequencing to lymph node-infiltrating T cells from 10 treatment-naïve patients. T cells were predominantly CD4+ and showed memory differentiation. Expression of classical immune checkpoint molecules (CTLA-4, PD-1, TIM-3) was generally low (< 12.0% of T cells) and not different between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Degrees of clonal T cell expansion varied between patients (range: 1–18 expanded clones per patient) and was almost exclusively restricted to CD8+ T cells. Clonally expanded T cells showed non-naïve phenotypes and low checkpoint molecule expression similar to non-expanded T cells. Our data suggest that the therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint blockade require mechanisms in addition to dis-inhibition of pre-existing lymphoma-directed T cell responses. Future studies on immune checkpoint blockade-associated effects will identify molecular T cell targets, address dynamic aspects of cell compositions over time, and extend their focus beyond lymph node-infiltrating T cells.
Microbial carbon use efficiency of litter with distinct C/N ratios in soil at different temperatures, including microbial necromass as growth component
Authors: Börger Marie , Bublitz Tabata , Dyckmans Jens , Wachendorf Christine , Joergensen Rainer Georg 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn incubation study was carried out to investigate the effects of litter quality, i.e. 15 N-labelled maize (C/N of 25.5) and Rhodes grass (C/N of 57.8) leaf litter on microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and priming effects in a moderate alkaline soil at two different temperatures (15 and 25 °C). CUE values were calculated from the isotopic composition of the particulate organic matter (POM) recovered as an index for the amount of non-decomposed litter. This approach allows the inclusion of microbial necromass growth components in the calculation of CUE values. Additionally, the soil was incubated for 10, 20, and 30 days to determine the optimum incubation period. Soil microbial CUE values of maize and Rhodes grass leaf litter, including microbial necromass C in the calculation of CUE, varied around 0.61, regardless of litter type, temperature, and incubation period. However, the optimum incubation time is between 20 and 30 days, depending on temperature. The strong priming effect on autochthonous soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization was apparently not caused by N mining, as it was similar for both litter qualities. It most likely resulted from SOC being used by microbial co-metabolism. The litter-induced true priming effect was accompanied by a significant increase in autochthonous POM. The current approach, including microbial necromass as growth component, has been shown to be a strong tool for investigating CUE values and priming effects after application of litter and harvest residues to soil, probably under all environmental conditions.
Atrial fibrillation patterns and their cardiovascular risk profiles in the general population: the Rotterdam study
Authors: Tilly Martijn J. , Lu Zuolin , Geurts Sven , Ikram M. Arfan , Stricker Bruno H. , Kors Jan A. , de Maat Moniek P. M. , de Groot Natasja M. S. , Kavousi Maryam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical guidelines categorize atrial fibrillation (AF) based on the temporality of AF events. Due to its dependence on event duration, this classification is not applicable to population-based cohort settings. We aimed to develop a simple and standardized method to classify AF patterns at population level. Additionally, we compared the longitudinal trajectories of cardiovascular risk factors preceding the AF patterns, and between men and women.

Methods
Between 1990 and 2014, participants from the population-based Rotterdam study were followed for AF status, and categorized into ‘single-documented AF episode’, ‘multiple-documented AF episodes’, or ‘long-standing persistent AF’. Using repeated measurements we created linear mixed-effects models to assess the longitudinal evolution of risk factors prior to AF diagnosis.

Results
We included 14,061 participants (59.1% women, mean age 65.4 ± 10.2 years). After a median follow-up of 9.4 years (interquartile range 8.27), 1,137 (8.1%) participants were categorized as ‘single-documented AF episode’, 208 (1.5%) as ‘multiple-documented AF episodes’, and 57 (0.4%) as ‘long-standing persistent AF’. In men, we found poorer trajectories of weight and waist circumference preceding ‘long-standing persistent AF’ as compared to the other patterns. In women, we found worse trajectories of all risk factors between ‘long-standing persistent AF’ and the other patterns.

Conclusion
We developed a standardized method to classify AF patterns in the general population. Participants categorized as ‘long-standing persistent AF’ showed poorer trajectories of cardiovascular risk factors prior to AF diagnosis, as compared to the other patterns. Our findings highlight sex differences in AF pathophysiology and provide insight into possible risk factors of AF patterns.

Graphical abstract
Rainwater Charitable Foundation criteria for the neuropathologic diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Roemer Shanu F. , Grinberg Lea T. , Crary John F. , Seeley William W. , McKee Ann C. , Kovacs Gabor G. , Beach Thomas G. , Duyckaerts Charles , Ferrer Isidro A. , Gelpi Ellen , Lee Edward B. , Revesz Tamas , White Charles L. , Yoshida Mari , Pereira Felipe L. , Whitney Kristen , Ghayal Nikhil B. , Dickson Dennis W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNeuropathologic criteria for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) proposed by a National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) working group were published in 1994 and based on the presence of neurofibrillary tangles in basal ganglia and brainstem. These criteria did not stipulate detection methods or incorporate glial tau pathology. In this study, a group of 14 expert neuropathologists scored digital slides from 10 brain regions stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and phosphorylated tau (AT8) immunohistochemistry. The cases included 15 typical and atypical PSP cases and 10 other tauopathies. Blinded to clinical and neuropathological information, raters provided a categorical diagnosis (PSP or not-PSP) based upon provisional criteria that required neurofibrillary tangles or pretangles in two of three regions (substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus) and tufted astrocytes in one of two regions (peri-Rolandic cortices, putamen). The criteria showed high sensitivity (0.97) and specificity (0.91), as well as almost perfect inter-rater reliability for diagnosing PSP and differentiating it from other tauopathies (Fleiss kappa 0.826). Most cases (17/25) had 100% agreement across all 14 raters. The Rainwater Charitable Foundation criteria for the neuropathologic diagnosis of PSP feature a simplified diagnostic algorithm based on phosphorylated tau immunohistochemistry and incorporate tufted astrocytes as an essential diagnostic feature.
Mastoidectomy in surgical procedures to treat retraction pockets: a single-center experience and review of the literature
Authors: Immordino Angelo , Salvago Pietro , Sireci Federico , Lorusso Francesco , Immordino Palmira , Saguto Dario , Martines Francesco , Gallina Salvatore , Dispenza Francesco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Retraction pocket (RP) is a common event affecting the middle ear when a negative pressure within it causes a retraction of a single part of the tympanic membrane (TM). Patients can be asymptomatic or can experience hearing loss, fullness feeling and/or ear discharge. RP can be stable or develop a cholesteatoma; aim of the study was to investigate if mastoidectomy may play a role in the surgical management of patients suffering from RP, both reporting our experience and discussing the existing literature.

Methods
Fifty-one patients affected by RP were referred for surgery and randomly divided into two groups. Patients of G1 group underwent tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy, patients of G2 group underwent tympanoplasty only. A systematic review of the literature was then carried out by applying the PRISMA guidelines.

Results
The mean follow-up lasted about 36 months. The G1 and G2 groups reached a postoperative mean air–bone gap (ABG) of 7.1 dB HL and 5.1 dB HL, respectively, with a mean ABG improvement of 13.2 dB HL and 12.4 dB HL. An ABG improvement was observed in the 59.7% of the G1 group and in the 63.2% of the G2 group, respectively (p > 0.5). Only one case of long-term complication was recognized in the G1 group. We combined, integrated and analyzed results of our prospective study with results of the literature review.

Conclusions
Based on the combined results of our study and literature review we may conclude that there is no evident benefit in performing mastoidectomy for the treatment of RP. In fact, no differences in ABG improvement or in RP recurrence were reported between the two groups.
Fourier analysis of collagen bundle orientation in myocardial infarction scars
Authors: Marcos-Garcés Víctor , Rios-Navarro Cesar , Gómez-Torres Fabián , Gavara Jose , de Dios Elena , Diaz Ana , Miñana Gema , Chorro Francisco Javier , Bodi Vicente , Ruiz-Sauri Amparo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCollagen bundle orientation (CBO) in myocardial infarct scars plays a major role in scar mechanics and complications after infarction. We aim to compare four histopathological methods for CBO measurement in myocardial scarring. Myocardial infarction was induced in 21 pigs by balloon coronary occlusion. Scar samples were obtained at 4 weeks, stained with Masson’s trichrome, Picrosirius red, and Hematoxylin–Eosin (H&E), and photographed using light, polarized light microscopy, and confocal microscopy, respectively. Masson’s trichrome images were also optimized to remove non-collagenous structures. Two observers measured CBO by means of a semi-automated, Fourier analysis protocol. Interrater reliability and comparability between techniques were studied by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman (B&A) plots and limits of agreement. Fourier analysis showed an almost perfect interrater reliability for each technique (ICC ≥ 0.95, p < 0.001 in all cases). CBO showed more randomly oriented values in Masson’s trichrome and worse comparability with other techniques (ICC vs. Picrosirius red: 0.79 [0.47–0.91], p = 0.001; vs. H&E-confocal: 0.70 [0.26–0.88], p = 0.005). However, optimized Masson’s trichrome showed almost perfect agreement with Picrosirius red (ICC 0.84 [0.6–0.94], p < 0.001) and H&E-confocal (ICC 0.81 [0.54–0.92], p < 0.001), as well as these latter techniques between each other (ICC 0.84 [0.60–0.93], p < 0.001). In summary, a semi-automated, Fourier-based method can provide highly reproducible CBO measurements in four different histopathological techniques. Masson’s trichrome tends to provide more randomly oriented CBO index values, probably due to non-specific visualization of non-collagenous structures. However, optimization of Masson’s trichrome microphotographs to remove non-collagenous components provides an almost perfect comparability between this technique, Picrosirius red and H&E-confocal.