bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Why invite her here? Her voice is ʿawra!’: vocal nudity debates and Muslim female preachers in northern Nigeria
Authors: Muazu Rahina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the debates surrounding the ʿawra (nudity or nakedness in Arabic) of the female voice – what I call here vocal nudity – and the public presence of the female voice in Nigeria. It focuses on the preaching activities of two Muslim female preachers, Malama Khadija Gambo Hawaja and Malama Dr Zahrau Muhammad Umar, who present tafsīr (Qurʾanic interpretation; Hausa: tafsīrin azumi) to the public during Ramadan and rose to prominence through the publicity of their audio and video sessions and fatwas offered to women. I discuss their interpretation of verse 33.32, the only verse that refers to the female voice in the Qurʾan, their understanding of vocal nudity, and how they use the interpretations to reshape the concept of a righteous woman (Hausa: mace ta gari) in twenty-first-century Muslim West Africa.
Strong Equivalence of Logic Programs with Counting
Authors: LIFSCHITZ VLADIMIR 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn answer set programming, two groups of rules are considered strongly equivalent if they have the same meaning in any context. In some cases, strong equivalence of programs in the input language of the grounder gringo can be established by deriving rules of each program from rules of the other. The possibility of such proofs has been demonstrated for a subset of that language that includes comparisons, arithmetic operations, and simple choice rules, but not aggregates. This method is extended here to a class of programs in which some uses of the #count aggregate are allowed.
‘It was like the unicorn of the therapeutic world’: CBT trainee experiences of acquiring skills in guided discovery
Authors: Roscoe Jason , Bates Elizabeth A. , Blackley Rhiannon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Training as a cognitive behavioural therapist involves a considerable role transition for mental health professionals where they are expected to demonstrate competence in a range of new skills that emphasise collaboration and Socratic dialogue. This can be in stark contrast to the more didactic style that trainees are familiar with prior to embarking on their training. Guided discovery (GD) is an integral part of formulation and treatment, yet little is known at present about the experiences of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) trainees when learning this new skill; specifically, how they assimilate this with existing ways of working and the challenges this might involve. This research is a preliminary attempt to understand factors that help and hinder GD skill acquisition. Eighteen trainee CBT practitioners completed an online questionnaire with the subsequent data analysed using a grounded theory methodology. Three themes were identified: ‘Competing Selves’, ‘Style’ and ‘Active Engagement and Learning’. These themes were used to develop a preliminary model of factors that enable or inhibit skills in GD. The impact of previous professional roles appears to influence the acquisition of confidence and skill in GD. This paper discusses the implications of the findings for CBT trainers, supervisors and trainees.

Key learning aims
As a result of reading this paper, readers should:

(1)
Understand how trainee cognitive behavioural therapists respond to learning how to use guided discovery.

(2)
Identify potential barriers to acquiring and improving skills in guided discovery.

(3)
Recognise training strategies that might assist trainees in becoming more proficient in guided discovery.
Do Physicians Prefer Natural Drugs?
Authors: Lappas Courtney M. , Coyne Nicholas , Dillard Amanda J. , Meier Brian P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Background: There is a bias for natural versus synthetic drugs in general populations. Aims: We investigated whether physicians who have advanced medical and scientific training and routinely prescribe drugs exhibit this bias. Methods: Physicians and non-physicians were presented with a hypothetical medical situation in which pharmacological therapy was required. Participants were asked if they would prefer a natural or synthetic drug for treatment. Physicians were also asked which drug they would prescribe to a patient. Results: In a forced-choice paradigm, non-physicians (87.5%) and physicians (79.2%) had an equally strong bias for the natural drug, with physicians (74.3%) also preferring the natural drug for patients. When a 9-point drug choice scale was used, including a “no preference” choice (5), non-physicians ( M = 6.91) and physicians ( M = 5.41) again showed a preference for the natural drug compared to the mid-point of the scale, but the non-physicians’ bias was stronger. Physicians no longer preferred the natural drug for patients ( M = 5.15). Limitations: The participants do not represent a random sample and therefore may not represent physicians/non-physicians in general. Additionally, the responses were hypothetical and may not represent behavior in actual medical contexts. Conclusion: These data indicate that physicians and non-physicians exhibit a bias for natural drugs, with physicians also demonstrating a bias for prescribing natural drugs. However, the bias is reduced in physicians compared to non-physicians when a “no preference” option is available, suggesting that advanced medical and/or scientific training may be beneficial in minimizing this bias.
Investigating the Changes in Periodicity of the CO2‐Driven Cold‐Water Geyser Eruptions Through Field Observation at Tenmile Geyser, Utah
Authors: Piao Jize , Han Weon Shik , Han Gidon , Kim Kue‐Young , Yun Tae Kwon , Hwang Jeonghwan , Kim Taehoon , Park Eungyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCO2‐driven cold‐water geysers periodically ejecting cold water are rare. Although coalescence and expansion of ascending CO2 bubbles can explain the eruption process, the triggering conditions and eruption cycle remain unclear. To clarify the triggering conditions, hydrostatic pressure in the well was decreased by pumping to induce eruptions. All four pumping tests successfully induced eruptions by decreasing the pressure of ∼104 Pa. In the absence of artificial perturbations, similar reductions in pressure were observed during the intervals between two consecutive eruptions (IBEs). During IBE, the atmospheric pressure (Pair) and temperature (Tair) controlled the generation of the CO2 bubbles which directly induced the pressure reduction in the well. Especially under the persistent low Pair and high Tair, the length of IBE showed a minimum value of 3.90 hr during field observations. We suggest that the atmospheric perturbations are the causes of the changes in geyser periodicity, given consistent geological and hydraulic conditions.
Bridgmanite Freezing in Shocked Meteorites Due To Amorphization‐Induced Stress
Authors: Nishi M. , Kaneko A. , Ohgidani H. , Dekura H. , Kakizawa S. , Kawaguchi S. , Kobayashi S. , Sakaiya T. , Kondo T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBridgmanite, the most abundant mineral in the Earth's lower mantle, can be found in meteorites that experienced instantaneous high shock pressure during parent body impact. However, the presence of bridgmanite in meteorites is unusual because bridgmanite grains should be amorphized under residual post‐shock temperatures at ambient pressure. Here, we report the results of time‐resolved synchrotron X‐ray diffraction measurements at high temperatures to analyze the amorphization mechanisms and kinetics of bridgmanite. The thermal expansion coefficient of bridgmanite before the amorphization is 2.1 × 10−5 K−1. At higher temperatures, our results show that the significant volume expansion due to the amorphization induces static stress that can reach up to ∼0.5 GPa, which prevents the progress of the amorphization. This time‐insensitive amorphization kinetics may have enabled the preservation of bridgmanite in the shocked meteorite that fell on Earth. Also, the reaction progress estimated based on the amorphous fraction provides the residual post‐shock temperature.
Obesity and brain structure in schizophrenia – ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals
Authors: McWhinney Sean R. , Brosch Katharina , Calhoun Vince D. , Crespo-Facorro Benedicto , Crossley Nicolas A. , Dannlowski Udo , Dickie Erin , Dietze Lorielle M. F. , Donohoe Gary , Du Plessis Stefan , Ehrlich Stefan , Emsley Robin , Furstova Petra , Glahn David C. , Gonzalez- Valderrama Alfonso , Grotegerd Dominik , Holleran Laurena , Kircher Tilo T. J. , Knytl Pavel , Kolenic Marian , Lencer Rebekka , Nenadić Igor , Opel Nils , Pfarr Julia-Katharina , Rodrigue Amanda L. , Rootes-Murdy Kelly , Ross Alex J. , Sim Kang , Škoch Antonín , Spaniel Filip , Stein Frederike , Švancer Patrik , Tordesillas-Gutiérrez Diana , Undurraga Juan , Vázquez-Bourgon Javier , Voineskos Aristotle , Walton Esther , Weickert Thomas W. , Weickert Cynthia Shannon , Thompson Paul M. , van Erp Theo G. M. , Turner Jessica A. , Hajek Tomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSchizophrenia is frequently associated with obesity, which is linked with neurostructural alterations. Yet, we do not understand how the brain correlates of obesity map onto the brain changes in schizophrenia. We obtained MRI-derived brain cortical and subcortical measures and body mass index (BMI) from 1260 individuals with schizophrenia and 1761 controls from 12 independent research sites within the ENIGMA-Schizophrenia Working Group. We jointly modeled the statistical effects of schizophrenia and BMI using mixed effects. BMI was additively associated with structure of many of the same brain regions as schizophrenia, but the cortical and subcortical alterations in schizophrenia were more widespread and pronounced. Both BMI and schizophrenia were primarily associated with changes in cortical thickness, with fewer correlates in surface area. While, BMI was negatively associated with cortical thickness, the significant associations between BMI and surface area or subcortical volumes were positive. Lastly, the brain correlates of obesity were replicated among large studies and closely resembled neurostructural changes in major depressive disorders. We confirmed widespread associations between BMI and brain structure in individuals with schizophrenia. People with both obesity and schizophrenia showed more pronounced brain alterations than people with only one of these conditions. Obesity appears to be a relevant factor which could account for heterogeneity of brain imaging findings and for differences in brain imaging outcomes among people with schizophrenia.
Aberrant APOBEC3C expression induces characteristic genomic instability in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qian Yunzhen , Gong Yitao , Zou Xuan , Liu Yu , Chen Yusheng , Wang Ruijie , Dai Zhengjie , Tasiheng Yesiboli , Lin Xuan , Wang Xu , Luo Guopei , Yu Xianjun , Cheng He , Liu Chen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a well-known lethal and heterogeneous disease. Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) is an important mutagenic driver that has seldom been investigated in PDAC. Therefore, this study investigated the significance of APOBEC3C in PDAC. First, cytosine deamination-associated mutation signatures were identified in the PDAC cohorts from TCGA and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) datasets, and C > X-enriched kataegis regions were identified in the FUSCC cohort (12 to 27 counts per sample). Patients were stratified according to APOBEC3C expression, and high APOBEC3C expression was found to correlate with a higher motif enrichment score of 5’-CC-3’ and an elevated kataegis count within PCSK5 and NES genes. Second, we compared APOBEC expression in PDAC and normal pancreatic tissues and found that APOBEC3C was substantially upregulated in PDAC. APOBEC3C-overexpressing cell lines were generated to substantiate the effects of APOBEC3C on PDAC genome, including alterations in single-nucleotide variant (SNV) classes (higher proportion of C > T conversions) and the formation of kataegis regions (newly occurring kataegis regions detected in ACHE and MUC6 genes). Three different PDAC cohorts (FUSCC, TCGA, and QCMG) were analysed to evaluate the prognostic value of APOBEC3C, and APOBEC3C overexpression predicted shorter survival. Finally, the APOBEC3C overexpression correalted with the PDAC tumour microenvironment (TME) remodelling, APOBEC3C expression was associated with the invasion of CD4 + T lymphocytes and CD8 + T lymphocytes (cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CTLs), indicating enhanced immune activity and validating the practicality of APOBEC3C for guiding immunotherapy.
A multiparametric niche-like drug screening platform in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Dal Bello Reinaldo , Pasanisi Justine , Joudinaud Romane , Duchmann Matthieu , Pardieu Bryann , Ayaka Paolo , Di Feo Giuseppe , Sodaro Gaetano , Chauvel Clémentine , Kim Rathana , Vasseur Loic , Chat Laureen , Ling Frank , Pacchiardi Kim , Vaganay Camille , Berrou Jeannig , Benaksas Chaima , Boissel Nicolas , Braun Thorsten , Preudhomme Claude , Dombret Hervé , Raffoux Emmanuel , Fenouille Nina , Clappier Emmanuelle , Adès Lionel , Puissant Alexandre , Itzykson Raphael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFunctional precision medicine in AML often relies on short-term in vitro drug sensitivity screening (DSS) of primary patient cells in standard culture conditions. We designed a niche-like DSS assay combining physiologic hypoxia (O2 3%) and mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) co-culture with multiparameter flow cytometry to enumerate lymphocytes and differentiating (CD11/CD14/CD15+) or leukemic stem cell (LSC)-enriched (GPR56+) cells within the leukemic bulk. After functional validation of GPR56 expression as a surrogate for LSC enrichment, the assay identified three patterns of response, including cytotoxicity on blasts sparing LSCs, induction of differentiation, and selective impairment of LSCs. We refined our niche-like culture by including plasma-like amino-acid and cytokine concentrations identified by targeted metabolomics and proteomics of primary AML bone marrow plasma samples. Systematic interrogation revealed distinct contributions of each niche-like component to leukemic outgrowth and drug response. Short-term niche-like culture preserved clonal architecture and transcriptional states of primary leukemic cells. In a cohort of 45 AML samples enriched for NPM1c AML, the niche-like multiparametric assay could predict morphologically (p = 0.02) and molecular (NPM1c MRD, p = 0.04) response to anthracycline-cytarabine induction chemotherapy. In this cohort, a 23-drug screen nominated ruxolitinib as a sensitizer to anthracycline-cytarabine. This finding was validated in an NPM1c PDX model.
Responsive photonic alginate hydrogel particles for the quantitative detection of alkaline phosphatase
Authors: Wang Yuetong , Zhang Dagan , Zhang Hui , Shang Luoran , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important marker for many diseases, yet an efficient and reliable detection method is still lacking. Here, we present a novel photonic alginate hydrogel particle as an ALP sensor based on the competitive combination of an intermediary agent, the pyrophosphate ion (PPi), with a hydrogel crosslinker, which can trigger a phase-transition response from the hydrogel. This response can be converted into dual optical readouts, a fluorescence signal and a structural color signal. Quantitative determination of ALP was established based on this dual-indicator system with high accuracy and reliability. These features suggest potential ideal applications of responsive photonic hydrogel particles to detect ALP and other macromolecules.
Physically driven enhancement of the stability of Bi2O3-based ionic conductors via grain boundary engineering
Authors: Jeong Incheol , Jeong Seung Jin , Yun Byung-Hyun , Lee Jong-Won , Lee Chan-Woo , Jung WooChul , Lee Kang Taek 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFast oxygen-ion conductors for use as electrolyte materials have been sought for energy conversion and storage. Bi2O3-based ionic conductors that exhibit the highest known oxygen-ion conductivities have received attention for use in next-generation solid electrolytes. However, at intermediate temperatures below ~600 °C, their conductivities degrade rapidly owing to a cubic-to-rhombohedral phase transformation. Here, we demonstrate that physical manipulation of the grain structure can be used to preserve the superior ionic conductivity of Bi2O3. To investigate the effects of microstructural control on stability, epitaxial and nanopolycrystalline model films of Er0.25Bi0.75O1.5 were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. Interestingly, in situ impedance and ex situ XRD analyses showed that the grain boundary-free epitaxial film significantly improved the stability of the cubic phase, while severe degradation was observed in the conductivity of its polycrystalline counterpart. Consistently, the cation interdiffusion coefficient measured by the Boltzmann–Matano method was much lower for the epitaxial thin film compared to the polycrystalline thin film. Furthermore, first-principles calculations revealed that the presence of grain boundaries triggered the structural resemblance between cubic and rhombohedral phases, as evidenced by radial distribution functions. Additionally, phase transition energetics predicted that the thermodynamic stability of the cubic phase with respect to the rhombohedral counterpart is reduced near grain boundaries. Thus, these findings provide novel insights into the development of highly durable superionic conductors via microstructural engineering.
Results of the phase I CCTG IND.231 trial of CX-5461 in patients with advanced solid tumors enriched for DNA-repair deficiencies
Authors: Hilton John , Gelmon Karen , Bedard Philippe L. , Tu Dongsheng , Xu Hong , Tinker Anna V. , Goodwin Rachel , Laurie Scott A. , Jonker Derek , Hansen Aaron R. , Veitch Zachary W. , Renouf Daniel J. , Hagerman Linda , Lui Hongbo , Chen Bingshu , Kellar Deb , Li Irene , Lee Sung-Eun , Kono Takako , Cheng Brian Y. C. , Yap Damian , Lai Daniel , Beatty Sean , Soong John , Pritchard Kathleen I. , Soria-Bretones Isabel , Chen Eric , Feilotter Harriet , Rushton Moira , Seymour Lesley , Aparicio Samuel , Cescon David W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCX-5461 is a G-quadruplex stabilizer that exhibits synthetic lethality in homologous recombination-deficient models. In this multicentre phase I trial in patients with solid tumors, 40 patients are treated across 10 dose levels (50–650 mg/m2) to determine the recommended phase II dose (primary outcome), and evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (secondary outcomes). Defective homologous recombination is explored as a predictive biomarker of response. CX-5461 is generally well tolerated, with a recommended phase II dose of 475 mg/m2 days 1, 8 and 15 every 4 weeks, and dose limiting phototoxicity. Responses are observed in 14% of patients, primarily in patients with defective homologous recombination. Reversion mutations in PALB2 and BRCA2 are detected on progression following initial response in germline carriers, confirming the underlying synthetic lethal mechanism. In vitro characterization of UV sensitization shows this toxicity is related to the CX-5461 chemotype, independent of G-quadruplex synthetic lethality. These results establish clinical proof-of-concept for this G-quadruplex stabilizer. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02719977.
Porphyrin as a versatile visible-light-activatable organic/metal hybrid photoremovable protecting group
Authors: Sekhar Adiki Raja , Chitose Youhei , Janoš Jiří , Dangoor Sahar Israeli , Ramundo Andrea , Satchi-Fainaro Ronit , Slavíček Petr , Klán Petr , Weinstain Roy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhotoremovable protecting groups (PPGs) represent one of the main contemporary implementations of photochemistry in diverse fields of research and practical applications. For the past half century, organic and metal-complex PPGs were considered mutually exclusive classes, each of which provided unique sets of physical and chemical properties thanks to their distinctive structures. Here, we introduce the meso-methylporphyrin group as a prototype hybrid-class PPG that unites traditionally exclusive elements of organic and metal-complex PPGs within a single structure. We show that the porphyrin scaffold allows extensive modularity by functional separation of the metal-binding chromophore and up to four sites of leaving group release. The insertion of metal ions can be used to tune their spectroscopic, photochemical, and biological properties. We provide a detailed description of the photoreaction mechanism studied by steady-state and transient absorption spectroscopies and quantum-chemical calculations. Our approach applied herein could facilitate access to a hitherto untapped chemical space of potential PPG scaffolds.
A phase 1b randomised controlled trial of a glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist IBI362 (LY3305677) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Jiang Hongwei , Pang Shuguang , Zhang Yawei , Yu Ting , Liu Meng , Deng Huan , Li Li , Feng Liqi , Song Baili , Han-Zhang Han , Ma Qingyang , Qian Lei , Yang Wenying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe success of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity has sparked considerable efforts to develop next-generation co-agonists that are more effective. We conducted a randomised, placebo-controlled phase 1b study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04466904) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IBI362 (LY3305677), a GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist, in Chinese patients with T2D. A total of 43 patients with T2D were enrolled in three cohorts in nine study centres in China and randomised in each cohort to receive once-weekly IBI362 (3.0 mg, 4.5 mg or 6.0 mg), placebo or open-label dulaglutide (1.5 mg) subcutaneously for 12 weeks. Forty-two patients received the study treatment and were included in the analysis, with eight receiving IBI362, four receiving placebo and two receiving dulaglutide in each cohort. The patients, investigators and study site personnel involved in treating and assessing patients in each cohort were masked to IBI362 and placebo allocation. Primary outcomes were safety and tolerability of IBI362. Secondary outcomes included the change in glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and post-mixed-meal tolerance test (post-MTT) glucose levels. IBI362 was well tolerated. Most commonly-reported treatment-emergent adverse events were diarrhoea (29.2% for IBI362, 33.3% for dulaglutide, 0% for placebo), decreased appetite (25.0% for IBI362, 16.7% for dulaglutide, 0% for placebo) and nausea (16.7% for IBI362, 16.7% for dulaglutide and 8.3% for placebo). HbA1c, FPG and post-MTT glucose levels were reduced from baseline to week 12 in patients receiving IBI362 in all three cohorts. IBI362 showed a favourable safety profile and clinically meaningful reductions in blood glucose in Chinese patients with T2D.