bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inappropriate subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator shock due to incomplete sealing of the seal plug: a case report
Authors: Ajimi Tsuneki , Nozoe Masatsugu , Suematsu Nobuhiro , Kubota Toru 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
A subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) has several advantages over the transvenous ICD, including a reduced risk of lead-related mechanical complications and infection. However, inappropriate shock therapy is one of the most common adverse events associated with S-ICDs. We herein report a case of inappropriate shock therapy of S-ICD due to incomplete sealing of the seal plug.

Case summary
A 60-year-old man, who had been on haemodialysis with a history of myocardial infarction, was transferred to the hospital after successfully being resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation (VF). An S-ICD was implanted for secondary prevention. On the third and the seventh post-operative days, S-ICD shock therapy was delivered without any tachyarrhythmias. As device interrogation revealed reproducible noises in both the secondary and alternate vectors by tapping at the generator, the sensing vector was fixed to the primary vector. Two months after discharge, the patient died of VF after receiving appropriate S-ICD shock delivery seven times. The S-ICD was retrieved from the body, and it was revealed that the seal plug had incompletely sealed and returned to its normal closed position after reinsertion of a torque wrench.

Discussion
Seal plug damage is a rare complication but should be considered if noise oversensing is provoked only at the secondary and/or alternate vectors. In the present case, the inappropriate shock therapy might have been prevented if we had checked the seal plug carefully. Therefore, we advocate confirming the seal plug routinely after the removal of the torque wrench.
Effectiveness of platelet-rich concentrates on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mheissen Samer , Daraqel Baraa , Alzoubi Emad Eddin , Khan Haris 
Published: September 2022

SummaryBackgroundAutologous platelet-rich concentrates (PRCs) are recently used as a local biological substance in orthodontics to accelerate the rate of tooth movement.ObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of PRCs on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).Search methodsUnrestricted search of five electronic databases supplemented by the manual and gray literature search were undertaken in March 2022.Selection criteriaRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of PRCs on the rate of OTM with their side effect were included in this systematic review.Data collection and analysisData items were extracted by two authors using a pre-piloted extraction form. Similar outcomes within a comparable time frame were synthesized in a meta-analysis.ResultsFourteen studies were deemed eligible for inclusion and seven RCTs were pooled in a meta-analysis. Canine retraction rate was higher in the side of PRCs injection than the control side by 0.28 mm/month (95% CI: 0.16–0.40, I2 = 95.6 per cent, P &lt; 0.001, 345 patients) in the first 4 months after PRCs injection. There was no statistically significant difference between the PRCs side and the control side regarding molar anchorage loss (MAL) (MD = 0.03 mm, 95% CI: −0.18 to 0.24, I2 = 46.3 per cent, P = 0.78, 44 patients), canine rotation (MD = −0.19o, 95% CI: −1.95 to 1.57, I2 = 45.4 per cent, P = 0.96, 48 patients), or en-masse retraction. Likewise, there was no difference between both groups in terms of the duration of de-crowding. The mandibular canine retraction was statistically higher on the PRCs side than on the control side by 0.17 mm/month (P &lt; 0.001, one trial). Regarding root resorption, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control sides within the follow-up time. Mild pain scores were reported by the patients in the first 24 hours after injections.ConclusionsLow-level evidence indicates that the effect of PRCs on OTM is minor and clinically insignificant. The findings should be interpreted with caution due to the inherent limitations in the included RCTs.RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42022300026).
May alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement? A systematic review of animal studies
Authors: Makrygiannakis Miltiadis A , Athanasiou Charikleia A , Kaklamanos Eleftherios G 
Published: September 2022

SummaryBackgroundHumans may consume various beverages in everyday life. Previous research has shown that the administration of different substances (medicinal or not) may affect bone turnover and, thus, orthodontic tooth movement. It would be anticipated that the substances contained in beverages could have an impact on tooth movement, as well.ObjectiveTo investigate in a systematic way and appraise the quality of the available evidence from animal studies regarding the impact of various drinks or the main ingredients included in beverages on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement.Search methodsSearch without restriction in six databases (including grey literature) and hand searching were performed until March 2022.Selection criteriaWe looked for controlled animal studies investigating the effect of drinks, or the main ingredients included in beverages, on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement.Data collection and analysisAfter study retrieval and selection, relevant data was extracted, and the risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s Risk of Bias Tool. The quality of available evidence was assessed with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.ResultsThe initially identified records were finally reduced to nine studies conducted on animals. Carbonated soft drinks were shown to decrease the rate of tooth movement, but alcohol consumption did not have an impact. Exploratory meta-analysis showed that caffeine exhibited an acceleratory effect after 3 weeks of force application. Exploratory meta-regression results indicated that high dosages of caffeine reduced the rate of tooth movement.ConclusionsThe located animal experiments reported that caffeine accelerates, carbonated drinks decelerate, while alcohol does not affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. However, due to various limitations it remains unclear whether caffeine, alcohol, or carbonated drinks finally influence tooth movement in animal studies.RegistrationOpen Science Framework (https://osf.io/jyhbd/).
Effect of macrophage migration inhibitory factor on pulmonary vein arrhythmogenesis through late sodium current
Authors: Chin Chye-Gen , Chen Yao-Chang , Lin Yung-Kuo , Lu Yen-Yu , Cheng Wan-Li , Chung Cheng-Chih , Chen Shih-Ann , Chen Yi-Jen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsMacrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine, is highly expressed in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Inflammation increases the risk of AF and is primarily triggered by pulmonary vein (PV) arrhythmogenesis. This study investigated whether MIF can modulate the electrical activity of the PV and examined the underlying mechanisms of MIF.Methods and resultsA conventional microelectrode, a whole-cell patch clamp, western blotting, and immunofluorescent confocal microscopy were used to investigate electrical activity, calcium (Ca2+) regulation, protein expression, ionic currents, and cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rabbit PV tissue and isolated single cardiomyocytes with and without MIF incubation (100 ng/mL, treated for 6 h). The MIF (100 ng/mL)-treated PV tissue (n = 8) demonstrated a faster beating rate (1.8 ± 0.2 vs. 2.6 ± 0.1 Hz, P &lt; 0.05), higher incidence of triggered activity (12.5 vs. 100%, P &lt; 0.05), and premature atrial beat (0 vs. 100%, P &lt; 0.05) than the control PV tissue (n = 8). Compared with the control PV cardiomyocytes, MIF-treated single PV cardiomyocytes had larger Ca2+ transients (0.6 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1, ΔF/F0, P &lt; 0.05), sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content (0.9 ± 0.20 vs. 1.7 ± 0.3 mM of cytosol, P &lt; 0.05), and cytosolic ROS (146.8 ± 5.3 vs. 163.7 ± 3.8, ΔF/F0, P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, MIF-treated PV cardiomyocytes exhibited larger late sodium currents (INa-Late), L-type Ca2+ currents, and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger currents than the control PV cardiomyocytes. KN93 [a selective calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) blocker, 1 μM], ranolazine (an INa-Late inhibitor, 10 μM), and N-(mercaptopropionyl) glycine (ROS inhibitor, 10 mM) reduced the beating rates and the incidence of triggered activity and premature captures in the MIF-treated PV tissue.ConclusionMacrophage migration inhibitory factor increased PV arrhythmogenesis through Na+ and Ca2+ dysregulation through the ROS activation of CaMKII signalling, which may contribute to the genesis of AF during inflammation. Anti-CaMKII treatment may reverse PV arrhythmogenesis. Our results clearly reveal a key link between MIF and AF and offer a viable therapeutic target for AF treatment.
Circular or square plots in ALS-based forest inventories—does it matter?
Authors: Packalen Petteri , Strunk Jacob , Maltamo Matti , Myllymäki Mari 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn airborne laser scanning (ALS)-based forest inventories, there is commonly a discrepancy between the plot shape used for model fitting (typically circular) and the shape of population elements (typically square) where predictions are needed. Circular plots are easy to establish, locate and have the smallest number of edge trees on average. Therefore, a circle is the most common plot shape in both traditional and remote sensing-based forest inventories. In contrast, the shape of population elements used for remote sensing-based predictions is nearly always a square because it enables division of the target population into a grid of non-overlapping plots. In this study, we investigate shape effects for ALS-based forest inventories using circular and square plot shapes. This has not been examined earlier. Aboveground biomass was used as the response variable. The sampling design was created in a way that the probability of selection for any location inside a stem-mapped 30 m × 30 m plot was the same for the circular (radius 7.95 m) and square (side length 14.09 m) plot. This configuration enabled us to compare circular and square plots with the same areas and identical sampling probabilities for every tree in the population. Our primary finding is that for equal area square and circular plots, there is no evidence of systematic prediction error when a model fitted to one shape is used to predict for the other shape. Our secondary finding is that root mean square error (RMSE) value is slightly underestimated (1.2 per cent) when a model fitted to circular plots is used to predict for square plots. A small underestimation of RMSE due to plot shape effect has hardly practical significance in stand-level forest management inventories, but the plot shape effect may be problematic in large area forest surveys.
Noncanonical Role of Telomerase in Regulation of Microvascular Redox Environment With Implications for Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Ait-Aissa K , Norwood-Toro L E , Terwoord J , Young M , Paniagua L A , Hader S N , Hughes W E , Hockenberry J C , Beare J E , Linn J , Kohmoto T , Kim J , Betts D H , LeBlanc A J , Gutterman D D , Beyer A M 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTelomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) (catalytic subunit of telomerase) is linked to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD); however, whether the role of nuclear vs. mitchondrial actions of TERT is involved is not determined. Dominant-negative TERT splice variants contribute to decreased mitochondrial integrity and promote elevated reactive oxygen species production. We hypothesize that a decrease in mitochondrial TERT would increase mtDNA damage, promoting a pro-oxidative redox environment. The goal of this study is to define whether mitochondrial TERT is sufficient to maintain nitric oxide as the underlying mechanism of flow-mediated dilation by preserving mtDNA integrity.Immunoblots and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to show elevated levels of splice variants α- and β-deletion TERT tissue from subjects with and without CAD. Genetic, pharmacological, and molecular tools were used to manipulate TERT localization. Isolated vessel preparations and fluorescence-based quantification of mtH2O2 and NO showed that reduction of TERT in the nucleus increased flow induced NO and decreased mtH2O2 levels, while prevention of mitochondrial import of TERT augmented pathological effects. Further elevated mtDNA damage was observed in tissue from subjects with CAD and initiation of mtDNA repair mechanisms was sufficient to restore NO-mediated dilation in vessels from patients with CAD. The work presented is the first evidence that catalytically active mitochondrial TERT, independent of its nuclear functions, plays a critical physiological role in preserving NO-mediated vasodilation and the balance of mitochondrial to nuclear TERT is fundamentally altered in states of human disease that are driven by increased expression of dominant negative splice variants.
Migration and Cognitive Health Disparities: The Arab American and Refugee Case
Authors: Al-Rousan Tala , Kamalyan Lily , Bernstein Sideman Alissa , Miller Bruce , AlHeresh Rawan , Moore Alison , Marquine María J , Argeros Grigoris , Ajrouch Kristine J 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study investigates whether the year of arrival to the United States (U.S.) and birthplace relate to postmigration cognitive difficulties among foreign- and U.S.-born Arab Americans in later life.

Methods
We analyzed 19 years (2000–2019) of data from the American Community Survey Public Use Microdata Samples (weighted N = 393,501; ages ≥ 50 years). Cognitive difficulty was based on self-reported data, and weighted means, percentages, adjusted prevalence estimates, and adjusted odds ratio were calculated.

Results
Controlling only for demographics, foreign-born Arabs reported higher odds of cognitive difficulty compared to U.S.-born Arabs across all arrival cohorts (p &lt; .001). After accounting for economic and integration factors, those who arrived between 1991 and 2000 had higher odds (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.00, 1.19, p &lt; .01), while those who arrived after 2001 had lower odds (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.97, p &lt; .001) of cognitive difficulty. Lacking English proficiency (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.82, 1.98, p &lt; .001) was related to higher odds, whereas not being a U.S. citizen was significantly associated with lower odds (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.52, 0.94, p &lt; .001) of cognitive difficulty. Yet, results varied by birthplace. Migrants born in Iraq consistently reported the highest odds of cognitive difficulty across all arrival cohorts.

Discussion
Migration history and birthplace may be important factors explaining cognitive disparities among the diverse group of Arab migrants and Arab Americans. Future research examining mechanisms underlying these associations and the impact of migration on cognitive health is needed to address cognitive disparities in migrants.
Comparative maternal protein profiling of mouse biparental and uniparental embryos
Authors: Chen Fumei , Ma Buguo , Lin Yongda , Luo Xin , Xu Tao , Zhang Yuan , Chen Fang , Li Yanfei , Zhang Yaoyao , Luo Bin , Zhang Qingmei , Xie Xiaoxun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Maternal proteins have important roles during early embryonic development. However, our understanding of maternal proteins is still very limited. The integrated analysis of mouse uniparental (parthenogenetic) and biparental (fertilized) embryos at the protein level creates a protein expression landscape that can be used to explore preimplantation mouse development.

Results
Using label-free quantitative mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we report on the maternal proteome of mouse parthenogenetic embryos at pronucleus, 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages and highlight dynamic changes in protein expression. In addition, comparison of proteomic profiles of parthenogenotes and fertilized embryos highlights the different fates of maternal proteins. Enrichment analysis uncovered a set of maternal proteins that are strongly correlated with the subcortical maternal complex, and we report that in parthenogenotes, some of these maternal proteins escape the fate of protein degradation. Moreover, we identified a new maternal factor-Fbxw24, and highlight its importance in early embryonic development. We report that Fbxw24 interacts with Ddb1-Cul4b and may regulate maternal protein degradation in mouse.

Conclusions
Our study provides an invaluable resource for mechanistic analysis of maternal proteins and highlights the role of the novel maternal factor Fbw24 in regulating maternal protein degradation during preimplantation embryo development.
Directional and seasonal variations of seismic ambient noise in southeastern Canada and the NE USA
Authors: Bagherpur Mojaver Omid , Darbyshire Fiona 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARY
Ambient seismic noise is mainly generated in oceans through the interactions between the atmosphere, ocean waves and the solid Earth. Study areas located near the edges of continents are thus subject to receiving an inhomogeneous noise field that could cause bias in ambient noise wave attenuation measurements and tomography studies. Ambient seismic noise characteristics across SE Canada and the NE USA are studied in detail at a regional scale for the first time, due to the availability of over 2 yr of data (2013–2015) recorded at 69 broad-band seismographs. This large, dense data set allowed us to use a back-projection technique to investigate both the azimuthal and temporal variations of the ambient noise. This method is based on a statistical analysis of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the waveforms in the calculated empirical Green’s functions for pairs of stations. We propose a new method of analysing the SNR by modifying the already existing concept of fan diagrams to include both causal and acausal components of the noise cross-correlograms in the analysis. We investigate directional and seasonal variations of the recorded noise data across the study area at the three main passbands of the seismic noise spectrum including the secondary microseisms (SM; 3–10 s), the primary microseisms (PM; 10–30 s), and the seismic hum (Hum; 30–300 s). We observe that the strongest and weakest signals are received at the SM and Hum bands, respectively. Considering the results of this study along with those from previous studies, we conclude that the strongest seismic noise arrivals at the three passbands investigated in this study (i.e. SM, PM and Hum) are generated at different locations in the Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic oceans.
Impacts of price changes on public hospital reforms in China: evidence from 25 million patients at tertiary hospitals
Authors: Zhu Dawei , Shi Xuefeng , Chen Siyuan , Ye Xin , He Ping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
China’s public hospital price change reform was progressively piloted at urban-level tertiary hospitals in 2015, aiming to adjust the healthcare expenditure structure, reorient public hospitals towards social objectives and control inflated healthcare expenditure. This study investigates the impacts of price changes on inpatient expenditure, service quantity, quality and efficiency and whether the impacts varied in different specialities, treatments and hospitals. A difference-in-differences analysis was conducted using data from 25 million patients from 124 nationally representative tertiary hospitals between 2013 and 2018. The study analyses changes in total expenditure, drug, medical services and diagnostic test/medical consumables expenditure per admission, the use of antibiotics, performed surgery, readmission within 30 days and length of stay (LOS). These factors are examined before and after adjusting the price changes for demographic, socioeconomic and clinical covariates. The price changes decreased drug expenditure per admission (−13.5%, P &lt; 0.001, USD 96.6) and increased medical services expenditure per admission (30.9%, P &lt; 0.001, USD 153.3). They also reduced the LOS (−1.2%, P = 0.019, 0.1 days) while not significantly affecting total expenditure per admission, diagnostic test/medical consumables per admission and the use of antibiotics, surgery performed and readmission rates. In heterogeneity analysis, price changes reform increased efficiency in major diagnostic categories (MDCs) with high drug share and improved quality in nonoperating room surgical groups and hospitals with high drug share; however, it increased total expenditure in MDCs with low drug share or surgical groups. China’s public hospital price change reform generally adjusted the inpatient expenditure structure and reduced the LOS in tertiary public hospitals. Sufficient compensation from medical services and government subsidies that minimize the income effects may be the key to the success of price change reform.
Multiplexed functional genomic assays to decipher the noncoding genome
Authors: Cooper Yonatan A , Guo Qiuyu , Geschwind Daniel H 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Linkage disequilibrium and the incomplete regulatory annotation of the noncoding genome complicates the identification of functional noncoding genetic variants and their causal association with disease. Current computational methods for variant prioritization have limited predictive value, necessitating the application of highly parallelized experimental assays to efficiently identify functional noncoding variation. Here, we summarize two distinct approaches, massively parallel reporter assays and CRISPR-based pooled screens and describe their flexible implementation to characterize human noncoding genetic variation at unprecedented scale. Each approach provides unique advantages and limitations, highlighting the importance of multimodal methodological integration. These multiplexed assays of variant effects are undoubtedly poised to play a key role in the experimental characterization of noncoding genetic risk, informing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disease-associated loci and the development of more robust predictive classification algorithms.
Large-scale historic habitat loss in estuaries and its implications for commercial and recreational fin fisheries
Authors: Stamp Thomas , West Elizabeth , Robbins Tim , Plenty Shaun , Sheehan Emma 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEstuaries provide important nursery and feeding habitat for numerous commercially and ecologically important fish, however, have been historically subject to substantial habitat alteration/degradation via environmental fluctuations, sea level rise, human activity on intertidal habitats, and adjacent land management. This review has summarized estuarine habitat use for 12 economically important finfish in the United Kingdom, of which seven were found to utilize estuarine habitats e.g. saltmarsh during their life cycle. This review reveals that ∼2500 km2 of intertidal habitat has been lost from estuaries in England and Wales since 1843. The implications of this large-scale habitat loss and continued anthropogenic disturbance within estuaries for a variety of fish species is discussed, in particular the requirement of finfish for particular habitats to be accessible and in a suitable condition. As a result of the high economic and social value of commercial and recreational fisheries, it is suggested that further research attention should investigate the spatial ecology of fish. Holistic fisheries management policies should also be considered, which would both sustainably manage fisheries landings but also account for the habitat requirements of the fisheries species.