bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding on soybean crops changed gut bacteria diversity of the southern green stinkbug (Nezara viridula) and reduced negative effects of some associated bacteria
Authors: Medina Virginia , Rosso Bruno E. , Soria Marcelo , Gutkind Gabriel O. , Pagano Eduardo A. , Zavala Jorge A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe southern green stinkbug (Nezara viridula) is a mayor pest of soybean. However, the mechanism underlying stinkbug resistance to soybean defenses is yet ignored. Although gut bacteria could play an essential role in tolerating plant defenses, most studies testing questions related to insect‐plant–bacteria interactions have been performed in laboratory condition. Here we performed experiments in laboratory and field conditions with N. viridula and its gut bacteria, studying gut lipid peroxidaxion levels and cysteine activity in infected and unifected nymphs, testing the hypothesis that feeding on field‐grown soybean decreases bacterial abundance in stinkbugs.ResultsGut bacterial abundance and infection ratio were higher in N. viridula adults reared in laboratory than in those collected from soybean crops, suggesting that stinkbugs in field conditions may modulate gut bacterial colonization. Manipulating gut microbiota by infecting stinkbugs with Yokenella sp. showed that these bacteria abundance decreased in field conditions, and negatively affected stinkbugs performance and were more aggressive in laboratory rearing than in field conditions. Infected nymphs that fed on soybean pods had lower mortality, higher mass and shorter development period than those reared in the laboratory, and suggested that field conditions helped nymphs to recover from Yokenella sp. infection, despite of increased lipid peroxidation and decreased cysteine proteases activity in nymphs' guts.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that feeding on field‐grown soybean reduced bacterial abundance and infection in guts of N. viridula and highlighted the importance to test functional activities or pathogenicity of microbes under realistic field conditions prior to establish conclusions on three trophic interactions. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Sparse event‐triggered control of linear systems
Authors: Banno Ikumi , Azuma Shun‐ichi , Ariizumi Ryo , Asai Toru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn event‐triggered control, a situation where the control input must be sparse often arises. Therefore, in this study, we proposesparse event‐triggered control, meaning that the control input is sparse and updated in an event‐triggered manner. First, we present a model‐based method for sparse event‐triggered control of linear systems, where the event condition is defined by a Lyapunov function. The resulting control input is proven to be sparse and the control system is confirmed to be asymptotically stable. Second, we extend it to a data‐driven version, where the event condition is adaptively updated from online data on the state trajectory. Finally, we discuss the possibility of extending our framework to two cases of disturbance and nonlinear dynamics.
Room‐Temperature Green Recyclable Epoxy Composites with Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties Cross‐Linked via B−O−C Bonds
Authors: Zhou Quan , Fang Chaoyu , Li Xin , You Liwen , Qi Yiqing , Liu Min , Xu Yuan , He Qiuyan , Lu Shiting , Zhou Yutong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWithout any catalyst, a novel way for the preparation of epoxy (EDSPs) and their composites by cross‐link via dynamic B−O−C bonds was presented. The EDSPs with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 194 °C were resistant to various solvents and can be green degraded in ethanol at room temperature. The dynamic properties of EDSPs also give the composites excellent recyclability, as the expensive carbon and glass fibers can be recovered intact from the composites under mild conditions at room temperature. Mechanical performance tests showed that the carbon fiber composites (CF/EDSPs) can achieve a flexural strength of 849 MPa and an interlaminar shear strength of 58 MPa. Even after recycling and re‐preparation, 99 % of the original flexural strength and 93 % of the original interlaminar shear strength are still maintained. Scratch repair experiments shown that scratch self‐healing can be achieved in only 10 s at 200 °C.
Mesogenic Behavior of New Derivatives Containing Azo‐Ester‐Imine Links with Different Substituted Alkoxy Groups as Terminal Tails
Authors: Abdul Razzaq Al‐Obaidy Mazin M. , Abboud Hussein J. , Tomi Ivan Hameed R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTwo series of ten ester derivatives with four aromatic rings linked together by three different linkages (azo/ester/imine), 4‐((4‐substituted)diazenyl)phenyl 4‐((4‐alkoxybenzylidene)amino)benzoate (IVn X=OCH3 and Vn X=Br) were synthesized. These derivatives have an alkoxy chain in the para position of the phenyl ring with different lengths (n=3, 4, 6, 7, and 12) on one terminal side while the other side was substituted by methoxy and bromo groups linked to the p‐position of phenyl. The structures of all synthesized derivatives were proven by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR), elemental analysis (C,H,N), and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). The Mesophase textures of the final esters were observed by polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Only the nematic texture was observed in the methoxy derivatives while nematic and smectic A textures were shown in the bromo mesogens. All the homologous showed mesogenic behavior with wide thermal stability. From the results, it was found that the liquid crystalline behaviors of these derivatives are dependent on the substituted group (‐X) and the length of the alkoxy chain. The mesogenic behavior of these compounds was compared with other mesogens that have similar structures.
Biogenesis of Quantum Dots: An Update
Authors: Vyas Yogeshwari , Gupta Sharoni , Punjabi Pinki B. , Ameta Chetna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQuantum dots (QDs) or nanocrystals are luminous semiconductors with dimension in the range from 2 to 20 nm. Owing to the unmatched electronic and optical properties, quantum dots notice applications in various domains such as optoelectronics, sensors, photodetection, transistors, LEDs (light‐emitting devices), quantum computing, solar cells, catalysis, medicine, etc. to name a few. The unique quantum effects of nanocrystals can be attuned by modifying their sizes and morphology through various top‐down and bottom‐up strategies. Biosynthesis or biogenesis is one such newly developed approach for nanomaterial synthesis which relies on the principles of green chemistry and employs living organisms to develop quantum dots with amiable physicochemical properties, low cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility. Biogenic methods make use of biomolecules and enzymatic processes to detoxify, mineralize and induce nucleation of metals and non‐metals to fabricate quantum dots. This review covers recent progress in the biological synthesis of quantum dots have been highlighted. Diverse extracellular and intracellular biogenic methods based on different organisms including algae, bacteria, fungi, plants, protozoa, earthworms, and mammalian blood vessels have been discussed. Moreover, the probable mechanistic pathways of biosyntheses, scope, and applications of bioengineered quantum dots have also been elaborated. This review examines the recent advances made in the field of biogenic quantum dots and also analyzes the upcoming challenges and viewpoints in this promising area of study.
Derivatization of Marine‐Derived Fascaplysin via Highly Regioselective Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling Contributing to the Enhanced Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Jiang Yinli , Qiu Hongda , Liang Weida , Lin Junhao , Lin Jiayu , Liu Wan , Wang Xiao , Cui Wei , Chen Xiaowei , Wang Huifei , Zhao Lingling , Liang Hongze 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA new methodology for the synthesis of fascaplysin derivatives has been established. A library of diversified fascaplysins can be efficiently and quickly prepared by regioselective Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling and subsequent quaternization for the first time. The minimum inhibitory concentration assessment showed that the unique 5‐ring coplanar aromatic system plays a key role in the resulting bioactivity, and functional groups at different substitution position exert differentiable impact on the bactericidal activity. some synthesized fascaplysin derivatives exhibited higher antibacterial activities than the pristine fascaplysin and the positive controls, especially against Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). These novel fascaplysin derivatives may have promising application potentials as bactericidal drugs.
Optimization of Process Variables for the Catalytic Reduction of U(VI) over Pt/SiO2 using Hydrazine as Reducing Agent – Design of Experiments Approach
Authors: Sareddy Ramakrishna Reddy , Desigan Narasimhan , Venkatesan Konda Athmaram , Sivaraman Nagarajan , Ananthasivan Krishnamoorthy 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn PUREX process, uranous nitrate has been employed for the reduction of Pu(IV)to Pu(III).Fast generation of U(IV) with high yield is very much crucial for reprocessing of plutonium‐rich fuels.In the present work, a catalytic method for the preparation of U(IV) from U(VI) using hydrazine as a reducing agent over Pt/SiO2 catalyst surface was studied.The effect of various process variables on the efficiency of catalysis was studied and the process variables were optimized by design of experiments approach. Initial screening was carried out by Definitive Screening Design (DSD) to identify the variables that influence the reaction significantly, and later, these significant variables were optimized by Central Composite Design (CCD). A second‐order mathematical model was derived from response surface methodology (RSM) that relates the response (% reduction of U(VI)) as a function of significant variables. The model was validated experimentally to achieve 95 % U(IV) yield within 60 minutes.
Deep‐blue Fluorophores Based on Phenanthroimidazole Integrated with Benzo[d]thiazole: Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Girase Jaipal D. , Shahnawaz  , Jou Jwo‐Huei , Vaidyanathan Sivakumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThree deep‐blue emissive donor‐acceptor (D−A) fluorophores, 2‐(4′‐(1‐(4‐(tert‐butyl)phenyl)‐1H‐phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazol‐2‐yl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)benzo[d]thiazole (PTPISN), 2‐(4′‐(1‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)‐1H‐phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazol‐2‐yl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)benzo[d]thiazole (m‐CFPISN) and 3‐(2‐(4′‐(benzo[d]thiazol‐2‐yl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)‐1H‐phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazol‐1‐yl)benzonitrile (m‐CNPISN) based on benzothiazole with varying substituents at N1‐position to tune the properties of the materials were designed and synthesized. The synthesized fluorophores were structurally confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. All the fluorophores exhibited good thermal properties with high thermal degradation temperatures. An optical study reveals that the fluorophores are capable of emitting in the blue spectral region in solution and solid. The quantum chemical investigations were also performed with the aim to understand the electronic structures of the fluorophores. Further, solution‐processed OLED device was fabricated by using PTPISN as an emissive dopant and found that bright deep‐blue electroluminescence with CIEy of (∼0.08). These results suggest that the introduction of benzothiazole moiety is a promising design strategy for obtaining new deep‐blue emitters.
Dual Role of Au nanoparticles in the Catalytic Formation of an Amorphous Polynuclear Peroxo Complex and Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering
Authors: Pal Srimanta , Paul Sujay , Chattopadhyay Arun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe report the catalytic formation of bridged polynuclear peroxo complex of Co(II) and 2‐picolylamine (2‐PA) in aqueous alkaline medium on the surface of Au nanoparticle. The reaction followed sigmoidal kinetics both in absence and presence of the Au nanoparticle with an order of magnitude higher rate constant in the presence of nanoparticle. Importantly, using UV‐Vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and surface enhance resonance Raman scattering (SERRS), we conclude the formation of peroxo complex with 2‐PA acting as a monodentate ligand. The absorbance of the polynuclear complex at 595 nm and the extinction maximum of (agglomerated) the Au nanoparticles at 750 nm provided the right opportunity to pursue SERRS using 632.8 nm laser excitation. Density functional theoretical calculation indicated that the lowering of HOMO‐LUMO energy gap of 2‐PA bonded to the nanoparticle surface helped catalyze the reaction.
Synthesis and Cyclooxygenase Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Flurbiprofen Analogues: Simple Methodology of Their Nanoemulsion Systems
Authors: Taşkor Önel Gülce , Saygılı Nezire 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMost over‐the‐counter (OTC) and prescription NSAIDs have common side effects, especially gastrointestinal problems. Flurbiprofen, is an analogue of ibuprofen, that causes side effects and discomfort. This study was to synthesize flurbiprofen analogues, determine their NSAID activity using in vitro cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibitory assays and prepare their nanoemulsions. Six new flurbiprofen derivatives were synthesized via the reaction of acyl chloride (of flurbiprofen) and β‐amino alcohol, amino acid ester (or amino dicarboxylic acid ester). The masking of the free carboxylic acid functional group of flurbiprofen lowered the acidity by nearly two‐fold. The compounds, tested for their cyclooxygenase (COX‐1 and −2) enzyme inhibitory activity, showed analogues 3 d and 3 f could be of interest due to relatively higher COX‐2 enzyme inhibition. Nanoemulsions (NEs) of flurbiprofen analogues (3 d and 3 f) were developed using high energy emulsification technique and the results showed that the optimized nanoemulsions of 3 d presented a droplet size of 225 nm, polydispersity index of 0.568, and zeta potential of +29.60 mV.
Confined Mesospace Synthesis of Sulfur‐Doped Graphene Quantum Dots for Direct H2O2 Detection
Authors: Xu Hongbo , Zhou Shenghai , Fang Wenbo , Liu Jinyu , Lu Mingliang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGraphene quantum dots (GQDs) have attracted significant interest for the design of fluorescence sensors. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) participates in human metabolism and is widely used in chemical and food industries. Therefore, the effective detection of H2O2 is highly desirable. Herein, an effective sensing platform is proposed for the direct detection of H2O2 using sulfur‐doped GQDs (S‐GQDs) as novel fluorescent probes. The S‐GQDs were prepared using a nanospace‐confined strategy, in which sulfur‐doped carbon nanolayers were cut into S‐GQDs using sulfuric and acetic acids in the mesoporous space of silica SBA‐15. Based on the excellent dispersibility, high photostability, and abundant oxygen/sulfur functional groups of S‐GQDs, an effective fluorescence sensor was developed for the direct detection of H2O2 without the aid of a third party. The developed sensor could be used with real samples for H2O2 detection. This paper proposes a novel method of exploiting GQDs for the direct detection of molecules.
Chiral‐Molecule‐Based Spintronic Devices
Authors: Shang Zixuan , Liu Tianhan , Yang Qianqian , Cui Shuainan , Xu Kailin , Zhang Yu , Deng Jinxiang , Zhai Tianrui , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpintronics and molecular chemistry have achieved remarkable achievements separately. Their combination can apply the superiority of molecular diversity to intervene or manipulate the spin‐related properties. It inevitably brings in a new type of functional devices with a molecular interface, which has become an emerging field in information storage and processing. Normally, spin polarization has to be realized by magnetic materials as manipulated by magnetic fields. Recently, chiral‐induced spin selectivity (CISS) was discovered surprisingly that non‐magnetic chiral molecules can generate spin polarization through their structural chirality. Here, the recent progress of integrating the strengths of molecular chemistry and spintronics is reviewed by introducing the experimental results, theoretical models, and device performances of the CISS effect. Compared to normal ferromagnetic metals, CISS originating from a chiral structure has great advantages of high spin polarization, excellent interface, simple preparation process, and low cost. It has the potential to obtain high efficiency of spin injection into metals and semiconductors, getting rid of magnetic fields and ferromagnetic electrodes. The physical mechanisms, unique advantages, and device performances of CISS are sequentially clarified, revealing important issues to current scientific research and industrial applications. This mini‐review points out a key technology of information storage for future spintronic devices without magnetic components.
Volatile organic compounds in beef and pork by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry: A review
Authors: Vilar Elena Garicano , O'Sullivan Maurice G. , Kerry Joseph P. , Kilcawley Kieran N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aroma of meat is an integral part of flavor and therefore an essential element for consumer acceptance. Aroma compounds are challenging to extract, concentrate, separate, identify, and quantify due to the complexity of meat. A wide range of volatile compounds of different properties (molecular weight, polarity, vapor pressure) are present in raw meat at varying concentrations, and further exacerbated post cooking due to the creation of additional volatiles through mainly Maillard reactions and lipid oxidation reactions. The volatiles identified in cooked meats include hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, lactones, ethers, heterocyclic constituents, and sulfur‐/halogen‐containing components. From published research, some of the key volatiles influencing cooked beef/pork flavor include hexanal, octanal, nonanal, 1‐nonanal, (E,E)‐2,4‐decadienal, methional, 3‐methyl‐1‐butanol, methanethiol, 2‐furfurylthiol, 2‐metyl‐3‐furanthiol, 3‐mercapto‐2‐pentanone, 4‐hydroxy‐2,5‐dimethyl‐3‐(2H)‐furanone, 1‐penten‐3‐one, 2‐pentyl‐furan, N‐morpholinomethyl‐isopropyl=sulfide, and methyl butyrate. GC‐MS is the method of choice for their separation and identification. The technical options available have never been greater to elucidate these key volatiles impacting sensory perception. This review presents a summary of the main extraction/concentration techniques, highlighting their potential pros and cons, how advances in two‐dimensional gas chromatography may help elucidate more key aroma compounds, and outlines the benefits of olfactometry to determine the main odor‐active volatiles in beef and pork.
Effects of Round Goby on the Benthic Invertebrate Community and on Diets and Growth of Yellow Perch and White Perch in Oneida Lake, New York
Authors: Brooking Thomas E. , Rudstam Lars G. , Jackson James R. , VanDeValk Anthony J. , Holeck Kristen T. , Hotaling Christopher W. , Cooper John E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFood web changes from the introduction of nonnative species can be complex, with sometimes unexpected effects or little effect due to food web interactions. Invasive Round Goby Neogobius melanostomus became common in samples in Oneida Lake, New York, by 2014. Data from a long‐term monitoring program allowed us to document the Round Goby expansion through time. Using shoreline seine, fyke net, bottom trawl, and video surveys, we estimated that Round Goby density reached over 25,000 fish/ha 6 years after detection and subsequently varied between 4,110 and 26,565 fish/ha. Concurrent benthic invertebrate sampling and long‐term fish diet sampling allowed us to assess the impacts of Round Goby on densities of several benthic invertebrate taxa and on invertebrate consumption by fish. Significant decreases in density after Round Goby arrival were found for amphipods (Amphipoda), caddisflies (Trichoptera), snails (Gastropoda), and dreissenid mussels Dreissena spp. Invertebrate densities after Round Goby arrival ranged from 19% to 48% of densities in the pre‐Round Goby period. For amphipods, snails, and, in some cases, caddisflies and chironomids (Chironomidae), frequency of occurrence in the diets of Yellow Perch Perca flavescens and White Perch Morone americana was lower after Round Goby became established. The decreased consumption of these invertebrates did not lead to decreases in fish growth; growth increased for some age‐classes of Yellow Perch and all age‐classes of White Perch. Despite potential Round Goby predation, densities of burrowing mayflies Hexagenia spp. expanded during this time and likely helped to offset reductions in consumption of other invertebrates by Yellow Perch and White Perch, as did consumption of Round Goby. Long‐term monitoring shows that Round Goby decreased the density of several benthic invertebrate species and decreased the consumption of these invertebrates by fish, but the effect on growth of Yellow Perch and White Perch was offset by consumption of Round Goby and burrowing mayflies.
Anti‐inflammatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells on hepatocellular carcinoma in the xenograft mice model
Authors: Hajighasemlou Saieh , Nikbakht Mohsen , Pakzad Saeedreza , Azadbakht Abdolnaser , Muhammadnejad Samad , Mirmoghtadaei Milad , Gharibzadeh Safoora , Seyhoun Iman , Verdi Javad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Sorafenib is the standard treatment used in the advanced stages of HCC. Cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)‐based cell therapy has proven effective in immune regulation and tumour growth inhibition.ObjectivesIn this study, we investigated the anti‐inflammatory effect of MSCs on HCC xenografts.MethodsHuman HepG2 cell lines were subcutaneously implanted into the flank of 12 nude mice, divided into three groups: the control group, the IV group (intravenous MSCs injection) and the local group (local MSCs injection). Mice were sacrificed 6 weeks after tumour implantation, and tumours were resected entirety. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) measured the gene expression of inflammatory markers, including tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1α and IL‐10. Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and urea levels were measured using spectrophotometry to ensure the safety of MSC therapy.ResultsGene expressions for all three inflammatory markers were reduced in both MSCs groups compared to the control group. AST, ALT and urea levels remained in normal ranges.ConclusionsMSC therapy can reduce inflammation in HCC xenograft mouse models.
What Is Promising About a Radical Kantian Animal Ethic
Authors: Müller Nico Dario 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter introduces the idea of ‘Kantianism for Animals’: An amended version of Kant’s moral philosophy which recognises duties towards animals. If Kantianism includes animals as moral patients, animal ethicists can put Kantian philosophical resources—notions, distinctions, arguments—to more helpful, creative, and interesting use. Furthermore, including duties to animals in a Kantian framework shows that tying morality to autonomy is not sufficient to deny moral status to animals. The chapter also makes explicit the book’s agenda: Kant’s philosophy is to be used constructively, it is to be revised, and duties to animals are to be set on equal philosophical footing with duties to other human beings.