bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undergraduates’ academic socialization. A cross‐time analysis
Authors: Farnese Maria Luisa , Spagnoli Paola , Livi Stefano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocialization practices support undergraduates’ transitional processes when beginning their academic careers and afterwards. Anyhow, the absence of specific socialization measures for academic contexts does not allow Universities to assess it.AimsThe present study aimed to contribute to the socialization literature by proposing a reliable measure (USQ, Undergraduate Socialization Questionnaire) specific for the academic context, that is, reflecting the same construct at different developmental stages.Method and samplesBased on an organizational socialization scale (NSQ; Haueter al., 2003, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63, 20), we examined in Study One the USQ’s three‐factor structure (task, group, organization) (n. 451 undergraduates) and, in Study Two, we tested the construct invariance across time, comparing undergraduates’ developmental changes through a two‐wave longitudinal design (n.185 undergraduates attending their first and their second year).ResultsFindings supported both the USQ’s dimensionality and measurement invariance, thus ensuring that the same underlying construct is being assessed, and its concurrent and predictive validity.ConclusionsOverall, results showed that USQ is a reliable instrument useful to monitor the effectiveness of undergraduates’ adjustment process, also allowing comparison between specific groups of students or longitudinal comparison to evaluate their career development or the effectiveness of policies targeted to reduce the risk of marginalization and dropout.
The role of need for cognition (NfC) in the effect of language modalities on integrated writing performance
Authors: Cheong Choo Mui , Zhu Xinhua , Liu Yaping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs a complex cognitive task, integrated writing (IW) requires not only different language modalities but also persistent cognitive effort. In practice, varied language modalities are taught together with IW tasks. However, little research has been done to investigate independent and integrated language tasks simultaneously. In addition, the need for cognition (NfC), which plays an important role in cognitive processing, has not been explored in the context of IW.AimsThe present study aims to investigate the influence of different language modalities (i.e., reading and writing) on IW performance and how NfC moderates this influence.SampleA total of 246 Secondary Four students from three schools in Hong Kong.MethodsMeasures of reading, writing, NfC and IW performance were obtained. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the relationships between reading, writing and IW and investigate the role of NfC.ResultsPositive effects of reading and writing on IW performance were observed, and writing played a mediating role in the relationship between reading and IW at the same time. Although NfC negatively moderated the influence of reading on IW, it had no moderating effect on the influence of writing on IW.ConclusionsThe teaching of different language modalities enhances IW performance. The negative moderating effect of NfC on the relationship between reading and IW performance implies that differentiated instruction is required due to individual differences in the influence of reading on IW. Regarding pedagogical implication, teachers should integrate the teaching of reading and writing and focus on cultivating students’ cognitive needs to enhance their IW performance.
Reconsidering reconsent: Threats to internal and external validity when participants reconsent after debriefing
Authors: Hodson Gordon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe overwhelmingly utilize (partially) informed consent for, and debriefing of, human research participants. Also common is the practice of reconsent, particularly where changes in study protocols (or in participants themselves) occur midstream – participants consent again to remaining in the project or to having their data included. Worryingly under‐discussed is post‐debriefing reconsent, wherein participants can withdraw their data after learning more fully of the study's goals and methods. Yet, major ethics bodies in Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom promote such practice, with vague and potentially problematic guidelines. Here, the author provides examples involving such reconsent practice, highlighting potentially serious problems that are scientific (e.g. threats to internal and external validity) and ethical (i.e. to the participant, their peers, the researcher and society) in nature. Particularly, problematic is the introduction, by design, of unknowable bias in our research findings. For example, highly prejudiced participants could withdraw data from a discrimination study after learning of the study's hypotheses and goals. The practice may arguably contradict an Open Science goal of increasing research transparency. This call for discussion about the direction of psychological science methods aims to engage a broader discussion in the research community.
Early rifting during marginal basin development: Petrography, microstructure, and detrital zircon U‐Pb geochronology of the Lapataia Formation, Argentine Fuegian Andes
Authors: Cao Sebastián J. , Torres Carbonell Pablo J. , Bordese Sofía , Lovecchio Juan P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough being one of the most efficient tools to constrain the stratigraphy of sedimentary basins, detrital zircon geochronology may present limitations under certain conditions, and isotopic ages should be treated with caution before assigning a depositional age. This is the case of depositional environments that lack coeval volcanism, where there may exist a significant time gap between the age of the youngest detrital zircon available and the actual time of deposition of a sedimentary rock. In this paper, we put on a comprehensive analysis in which detrital geochronology is aided with other reliable geological constraints. As a case study, we evaluate the stratigraphic age and provenance of the Lapataia Formation from the Fuegian Andes of southernmost South America, a low‐grade metamorphic unit with a problematic stratigraphic definition in the context of the Rocas Verdes basin. Detrital ages show very wide age spectra, with a younger peak at ca. 267 Ma. However, based on detailed petrography and microstructural observations, as well as stratigraphic correlations at a regional scale, we conclude that the Lapataia Formation represents the earliest stages of Jurassic rifting during the opening of the Rocas Verdes basin. Erosion from older basement blocks in an environment lacking coeval volcanic activity explains the occurrence of Paleozoic and older grains, and the lack of younger zircons. This work offers a multifaceted approach, which may be essential to assist radiometric detrital geochronology at certain stages during basin evolution.
Assessing the vulnerability of habitats through plant rarity patterns in the Pyrenean range
Authors: Miranda Cebrián Héctor , Font Xavier , Roquet Cristina , Pizarro Gavilán Manuel , García María Begoña 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBiodiversity is being severely affected by global change worldwide, but consequences differ across individual species and environments. Since rarity is a condition associated with vulnerability and extinction risk, it is a concerning factor itself that can also amplify the detrimental impact of global change drivers. Here, we assess differences in vulnerability derived from species rarity across environments in a South European mountain range, the Pyrenees, a complex landscape sheltering more than 3400 vascular plants. We first analyzed patterns of alpha taxonomic (richness) and phylogenetic diversity (standardized phylogenetic diversity, sesPD) from more than 18,000 plant surveys across 14 different habitats to find out which ones shelter the highest diversity. Then, we classified plant species according to four criteria of rarity (Pyrenean endemic, regional geographic range, ecological specialization and local abundance) and estimated their frequency among habitats and their contribution to PD. Generalized linear models were used to compare richness and sesPD among habitats, and the relationship between each diversity metric and rare species proportion was assessed. Grasslands harbor the greatest number of species but are poor in sesPD, while inland surface waters contain fewer species but are the most phylogenetically diverse. Deciduous, evergreen and Mediterranean forests show both high species richness and sesPD. Rare species account for half of the regional species pool, and are more abundant in habitats with fewer species and higher sesPD. Diversity metrics showed opposite tendencies between them and with rare species proportion, emphasizing that they are not interchangeable. Our results highlight the vulnerability of rocky and water‐related habitats due to the rarity of the species they shelter, but only the latter match other assessments of habitat vulnerability to global change drivers. The analysis of rarity patterns can guide conservation efforts by identifying priority targets when information about direct threats to habitats is scarce or incomplete.
Highway(s) overhead: Strong differences in wetland connectivity and protected status challenge waterbird migration along the four Palearctic‐Afrotropical flyways
Authors: Deboelpaep Evelien , Partoens Lisa , Koedam Nico , Vanschoenwinkel Bram 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimWaterbirds that travel seasonally between Europe and Africa use wetlands along four major Palearctic‐Afrotropical flyways. However, it is unknown to what extent the overall connectivity of these flyways may be threatened by ongoing habitat loss and degradation. Here, we contrasted the wetland connectivity along these four flyways, applying graph‐theoretic connectivity metrics on an intercontinental scale. We also explored for which flyway connectivity is most at risk. We then identified the most important wetlands by their contribution to connectivity in each flyway.LocationWestern Palearctic, Afrotropics.MethodsBased on high‐resolution wetland maps, we calculated directional probabilistic connectivity metrics. Estimates of overall connectivity of each flyway were obtained, as well as the relative importance of wetlands, for birds with different migration strategies: short‐distance hoppers and long‐distance jumpers.ResultsThe East‐Atlantic flyway and Eastern Mediterranean flyway had higher overall functional connectivity than the two central routes, reflecting the larger barrier represented by the Mediterranean Sea and Sahara Desert. Fewer than 5% of all wetlands supported more than 70% of the total connectivity of the network in each flyway, regardless of the considered migration strategy. These wetlands were either large, strategically positioned or both. Removing non‐protected wetlands from the analysis showed that the connectivity of some flyways could be jeopardized and that the East‐Atlantic and Eastern Mediterranean flyway may be most vulnerable to additional habitat loss.Main conclusionsOur results illustrate (i) the major contribution of unprotected wetlands to flyway connectivity, (ii) the importance of integrating migration ecology into site‐based connectivity analyses and (iii) the utility of graph‐based connectivity metrics to inform conservation prioritization under present and future scenarios.
Effectiveness of the ToothSOS App as a training tool for the emergency management of traumatic dental injuries among non‐dentists
Authors: Duruk Gülsüm , Gümüşboğa Zekiye Şeyma 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground/AimTraumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a major and urgent problem in oral health. Therefore, non‐dentists need to be conscious of the emergency management of TDIs. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the ToothSOS App on the level of knowledge about emergency management of TDIs among people who are not dental professionals.Materials MethodsOne hundred and five non‐dentists, aged 22–57 years, participated in this study and were given training on TDIs. The ToothSOS App launched by the IADT was used as a training tool. A 25‐question survey was conducted three times; before the ToothSOS App was downloaded and reviewed (T0), immediately after (T1), and one month later (T2).ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference among the three time periods (p < .001) in terms of the knowledge about the management of TDIs, and the knowledge increased significantly (p < .001) at both T1 and T2 after reviewing the ToothSOS App. On a scale from 0 to 10, the mean correct scores increased from 2.85 ± 2.15 (median [min–max]: 2[0–10]) to 8.23 ± 2.21 (median [min‐max]: 9 [1–10]) (effect size: 2.5) at T1 and to 7.40 ± 2.34 (median [min–max]: 8 [1–10]) (effect size: 2.1) at T2.ConclusionThe ToothSOS App as a training tool was effective to increase the knowledge level of individuals about the emergency management of TDIs.
Traumatic dental injuries and their sequelae in visually impaired adolescents
Authors: Dode Carolina Borio , Cavalcante Yuri , Risso Patrícia A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground/AimTraumatic dental injuries are a public health problem. Visual impairment can be considered a risk factor for traumatic dental injury given the difficulties imposed upon visually impaired patients by limited physical perception. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of traumatic dental injuries and their sequelae in adolescents with visual impairment.Material and MethodsAdolescents (12–18 years) with visual impairment (blind or low vision) and no other special needs were included in the study. Data were collected after a clinical and radiographic examination. Data regarding gender, age, type of visual impairment, site of traumatic dental injury, tooth type, and affected tissues, care, and sequelae were obtained. The data were analyzed descriptively and with the chi‐square test (p < .05).ResultsAmong 96 adolescents (65% blind; 55% female), 20.8% (n = 20) reported they had previously experienced a traumatic dental injury of 33 teeth (78.8% maxillary central incisors). Combined injuries (30.3%; n = 10) were the most common traumatic dental injuries, followed by concussion (27.3%, n = 9) and enamel–dentine fractures (21.2%, n = 7). Sequelae were observed in 27.3% (n = 9) of the teeth affected by a traumatic dental injury, and apical periodontitis (77.8%, n = 7) was the most common.ConclusionThe frequency of traumatic dental injuries among visually impaired adolescents can be considered high, and the observed sequelae could have been minimized if adequate clinical and radiographic follow up had been carried out. These results suggest the importance of enhanced educational efforts to reduce traumatic dental injuries.
Ipsilateral hand impairment predicts long‐term outcome in patients with subacute stroke
Authors: Razak Rien Anggraini , Hannanu Firdaus Fabrice , Naegele Bernadette , Hommel Marc J. G. , Detante Olivier , Jaillard Assia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundIpsilateral hand (ILH) impairment is documented following motor stroke, but its impact on long‐term outcome remains unknown. We assessed ILH impairment in subacute stroke and tested whether ILH impairment predicted long‐term outcome.MethodsWe performed a longitudinal study in 209 consecutive patients with unilateral stroke and sensorimotor deficit at admission. ILH impairment was evaluated using the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) and handgrip strength and defined as mild (z‐score < −1) or moderate (z‐score < −1.65). We used logistic regression (LR) to predict outcome assessed 9 (range, 7–12) months post‐stroke with the modified Rankin scale (mRS) categorized into good (mRS ≤ 1) and poor outcome (mRS ≥ 2). For internal validation, LR‐bootstrapping and cross‐validation with LASSO and Random Forest were performed.ResultsILH impairment assessed at 89.04 ± 45.82 days post‐stroke was moderate in 10.53% (95% CI 6.7, 14.83) for PPT and 17.22% (95% CI 11.96, 22.49) for grip, and mild in 21.05% (95% CI 15.78, 26.79) for PPT and 35.89 (95% CI 29.67, 42.58) for grip. Good outcome was predicted by ILH‐PPT (B = 1.03 [95% CI 0.39, 3.31]), ILH‐grip (B = 1.16 [95% CI 0.54, 3.53]), low NIHSS‐discharge (B = −1.57 [95% CI −4.0, −1.19]), and no depression (B = −0.62 [95% CI −1.63, −0.43]), accounting for stroke delay (B = −0.011 [95% CI −0.06, 0.01]). Model efficiency was 91.6% (AUC = 0.977; 95% CI 0.959, 0.996). LASSO and Random Forest methods provided similar results, confirming the LR model robustness.ConclusionsILH impairment is frequent after motor stroke and predicts long‐term outcome. We propose to integrate ILH impairment into rehabilitation programs to improve recovery and serve research interventions such as neuromodulation.
Pathogenic DST sequence variants result in either epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) or hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 6 (HSAN‐VI)
Authors: Khalesi Raziyeh , Harvey Nailah , Garshasbi Masoud , Kalamati Elnaz , Youssefian Leila , Vahidnezhad Hassan , Uitto Jouni 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDST encodes bullous pemphigoid antigen‐1 (BPAG1), a protein with eight tissue‐specific isoforms expressed in the skin, muscle, brain and nerves. Accordingly, mutations in this gene are associated with epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 6 (HSAN‐VI). The genotypic spectrum is attested to by 19 distinct mutations but genotype–phenotype correlation for both disorders is not well established. In this study, we performed next‐generation sequencing (NGS) on two families with different phenotypic presentations, one foetus (P1) with musculoskeletal and neurological malformations established by prenatal ultrasound and family history, and a 15‐year‐old female patient (P2) with skin blistering. P1 had a novel homozygous nonsense mutation, DST: NM_001144769, c.3805C>T, p.R1269* within a region of genetic homozygosity (ROH). This mutation resides within the plakin domain of BPAG1 and ablates all isoforms of this protein, leading to novel extracutaneous phenotypes consistent with HSAN‐VI in P1. P2 had a recurrent homozygous mutation DST: NM_001723.7, c.3370C>T, p.Gln1124* that presented with giant, trauma‐induced skin blisters without extracutaneous involvement. This mutation is located within the coiled‐coil domain present in the skin isoform of DST, BPGA1‐e, associated with EBS. In summary, we report two families with pathogenic DST variants and expand the spectrum of DST genotype and phenotypes.
Fournisseurs et travailleurs de l'habillement: les grands oubliés de la pandémie? Dynamique des rapports de force et répartition du coût des crises au sein des chaînes d'approvisionnement mondiales
Authors: ANNER Mark 
Published: March 2022

RésuméDébut 2020, les marques et enseignes de l'habillement ont annulé pour 40 milliards de dollars É.‐U. de commandes, aux dépens des fournisseurs et des travailleurs. Pour comprendre ce comportement, qui signale un rapport de force déséquilibré et une répartition inéquitable du coût des crises au sein des chaînes d'approvisionnement mondiales, l'auteur confronte plusieurs sources de données (enquêtes originales, entretiens, questionnaires aux fournisseurs, frise chronologique et statistiques commerciales). Il conclut que la puissance des acheteurs n'est pas absolue, comme le montre le succès de la campagne #PayUp. L'adoption d'accords contraignants n'en demeure pas moins indispensable pour protéger les fournisseurs et les travailleurs des pressions des clients.
The role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases in the aetiology of inguinal and incisional hernias
Authors: Durukan Ugur , Agcaoglu Orhan , Ozoran Emre , Karahan Salih Nafiz , Ozata Ibrahim , Duzkoylu Yigit , Pasaoglu Esra , Aren Acar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInguinal and incisional hernias are the two most common types of hernias caused by abdominal wall weakness and defects in connective tissue. The structure of the extracellular matrix, mainly collagen and metalloproteinases (MMPs), and their regulators have been studied extensively and found to play a significant role in the pathophysiology of hernias. One of the regulators of MMPs, tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases (TIMPs), bind to MMPs and inhibit its activity significantly shifting the balance towards collagen synthesis rather than degradation. Due to their importance in collagen metabolism, their metabolism might be significant in the aetiology of hernias. Our study used immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the possible effects of TIMP 1 and 2 on the samples taken from the abdominal walls of patients with inguinal and incisional hernias, compared them with control patients, and reviewed the literature. In this study, samples of 90 patients (30 patients from control, inguinal hernia, and incisional hernia groups) were taken and analysed. These samples were stained with TIMP‐1 Ab‐2 and TIMP2 Ab‐5 (Clone 3A4) antibodies and evaluated under ×100 magnification. The degree of staining was classified as (a): No staining (0), (b): Staining less than 10% (I), (c): Staining between 10% and 50% (II), (d): Staining more than 50% (III). Statistical analyses were done. No significant difference was found between groups in terms of patient demographics. Smoking and family history of hernia was not found to be associated with TIMP expression. TIMP1 expression was significantly higher in the incisional and inguinal hernia group than in the control group (P < .05), while the level of TIMP2 was higher in the control group. (P < .05). TIMP1 and TIMP2 levels did not significantly differ between incisional and inguinal hernia groups. We found significantly increased TIMP‐1 levels in tissue samples from patients with hernia supporting its suggested role in hernia pathophysiology. Local alterations in MMP and TIMP levels might play a role in the pathogenesis of hernias. Thus detection of TIMP in tissues can be important for clinical use after further validation studies. In the era of molecular medicine, detecting TIMP levels in hernia patients can impact clinical practice.
Recurrence rate of basal cell carcinoma among different micrographic surgery techniques: systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Lacerda P.N. , Lange E.P. , Luna N.M. , Miot H.A. , Nogueira V.S.N. , Abbade L.P.F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn high‐risk basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), micrographic surgery (MS) has high tissue preservation and low recurrence rates. The Mohs technique is the most commonly used technique, with limited use of other MS techniques. No studies have been designed to compare the MS methods. This review aimed to assess BCC recurrence rates of different MS techniques. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted to search for related studies in PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, CINHAL and COCHRANE until March 2021. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies involving patients with BCC and indications for different MS techniques were included. Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by three peer reviewers, as was the risk of bias assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Pooled estimates were assessed using the random‐effects model (Logit), and heterogeneity was assessed by the chi‐squared test (χ2). Stata Software version 17.0 was used for analysis. Eighteen studies were included, two RCTs and sixteen observational studies. The overall recurrence rate was 2% (95% CI, 1.0–3.0%; χ2 = 46.2; P = 0.00; 18 studies, 10 424 BCCs). In studies using the Mohs technique, the recurrence rate was 3.0% (95% CI, 1.0–5.0%; χ2 = 11.0; P = 0.00; 6 studies; 1,582 BCCs), with the Munich technique 3.0% (95% CI, 2.0–5.0%; χ2 = 0.0; no heterogeneity; 3 studies; 404 BCCs), with Tubingen technique 1% (95% CI, 1.0–2.0%; χ2 = 12.1; P = 0.00; 8 studies; 8374 BCCs) and with the Muffin technique 0.0% (95% CI, 0.0–6.0%; 1 study; 64 BCCs). Relapse rates between MS techniques were low and appeared to be similar. However, the design of this review and the absence of primary studies that directly compare the techniques do not allow us to assert the superiority between them.