bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of serum Klotho levels with cancer and cancer mortality: Evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Qiao Yating , Liu Fubin , Peng Yu , Wang Peng , Ma Bing , Li Limin , Si Changyu , Wang Xixuan , Zhang Ming , Song Fangfang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundKlotho has both anticancer and hormone‐like functions. But the research on Klotho and cancer is mainly based on animal experiments and small‐scale clinical research, thus we explored the association between serum Klotho and cancer and cancer mortality based on the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES).MethodsParticipants were employed from the NHANES 2007–2016, excluding pregnant, chronic renal insufficiency, and incomplete data of cancer questionnaire and serum Klotho level. The association of serum Klotho with cancer and mortality was analyzed by weighted Logistic regression, weighted Cox regression and competitive risk model, respectively. Correlations between serum Klotho and testosterone and estradiol levels were analyzed by Spearman correlation and restricted cubic spline respectively.ResultsWe found Klotho had an inverse effect with risk of pan‐cancer (all p < 0.02), with each unit increase in Klotho (1ug/g creatinine) associated with a 0.9%–2.2% reduction in the risk of cancer, and higher levels showing a stronger negative association (all p‐trend <= 0.0005). Whereas, we did not observe any association between serum Klotho level with all‐cause mortality and cancer‐specific mortality (all p > 0.05). Then, stratified analysis found that people aged 60–79, female, overweight and non‐Hispanic whites or Mexican Americans were less likely to develop cancer. In addition, there was a strong nonlinear and linear positive correlation of Klotho with estradiol (p‐nonlinear = 0.0178) and testosterone only among male participants (β = −0.513, p = 0.0137), respectively.ConclusionsWe found an inverse association between serum Klotho and cancer, but without cancer mortality. And this effect may be partially mediated by estradiol and testosterone. Further prospective studies are needed to prove these findings.
Study on pharmacokinetic interactions between SHR2554 and itraconazole in healthy subjects: A single‐center, open‐label phase I trial
Authors: Deng Kunhong , Zou Yi , Zou Chan , Wang Hong , Xiang Yuxia , Yang Xiaoyan , Yang Shuang , Cui Chang , Yang Guoping , Huang Jie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSHR2554, a novel oral Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 inhibitor, shows broad‐spectrum anti‐tumor efficacy in preclinical studies. As SHR2554 is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4, it is helpful to conduct research on the effects of itraconazole, a strong inhibitor of CYP3A4‐metabolizing enzymes, on the pharmacokinetic characteristics and safety of SHR2554.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center, open‐label pharmacokinetic study of itraconazole on SHR2554 in 18 healthy Chinese subjects. Subjects were orally administrated SHR2554 50 mg on Day 1, itraconazole 200 mg Quaque Die (QD) from Days 4 to 7, SHR2554 50 mg co‐administrated with itraconazole 200 mg on Day 8, and itraconazole 200 mg QD from Days 9 to 12. Then, 4 ml of venous blood was collected at predetermined time points. Plasma SHR2554 concentrations were analyzed using a validated high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using Phoenix WinNonlin v8.1.ResultsThe Cmax of SHR2554 alone and in combination was 10.197 ± 7.0262 ng·ml−1 versus 70.538 ± 25.0219 ng·ml−1, AUC0–∞ was 50.99 ± 19.358 h·ng·ml−1 versus 641.53 ± 319.538 h·ng·ml−1, and AUC0–t was 28.70 ± 18.913 h·ng·ml−1 versus 612.13 ± 315.720 h·ng·ml−1. Co‐administration of SHR2554 and itraconazole caused 7.73‐, 12.47‐, and 23.75‐fold adjusted geometric mean ratios increases in SHR2554 Cmax, AUC0−∞ and AUC0−t respectively. The co‐administration regimen was well tolerated and had a good safety profile.ConclusionsCompared with a single dose of SHR2554 50 mg, the exposure of SHR2554 in vivo was significantly affected by the combined administration of itraconazole.
Identification of Ferroptosis‐related molecular model and immune subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma for individual therapy
Authors: Long Shichao , Chen Yuqiao , Wang Ya , Yao Yuanbing , Xiao Shuai , Fu Kai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundExcessive iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation are primary characteristics of ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ferroptosis inducer combined with immunotherapy has become a new hope for HCC patients. Therefore, the construction and validation of subtype‐specific sensitivity to ferroptosis inducer will be helpful for hierarchical management and precise individual therapy.MethodsRNA‐seq transcriptome and clinical data of HCC patients were extracted from International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) dataset and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Consistency matrix and data clustering of the both cohorts were constructed by ‘ConsensusClusterPlus’ package. Single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) analysis was performed to evaluate immune infiltration. Cox analysis was utilized to construct a ferroptosis phenotype‐related prognostic model (FRPM) in HCC. The predictive efficiency of the constructed FRPM was evaluated through Kaplan Meier (K‐M) survival analyses and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. The expression levels of candidate genes were detected and validated by Real‐Time PCR between liver cancer tissues and adjacent non‐tumor liver tissues.Results45 differentially expressed ferroptosis‐related genes (FRGs) were identified between HCC tissues and non‐tumor liver tissues. Furthermore, four ferroptosis‐associated clusters (FACs) of HCC were established via consensus clustering. Subsequently, we established a FRPM, consisting of four prognostic genes (SLC7A11, SLC1A5, GCLM and SAT1), to evaluate the survival of HCC patients, based on which, patients were divided into high‐risk group and low‐risk group. The high‐risk group exhibited worse survival compared to low‐risk group (p < 0.0001 both in TCGA and ICGC cohorts). Patients belong to different FACs or different risk scores showed distinct clinical characteristics. Moreover, in the validation experiment, the transcriptional expression levels of the four prognostic genes were consistent with the results drew from datasets.ConclusionWe revealed a novel FRGs signature, which may provide the molecular characteristic data for effectively prognostic evaluation and potential personalized therapy for HCC patients.
Isolation, Characterization and Anticomplementary Activity of Polysaccharides from the Rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.
Authors: Duan Yuanqi , Hu Zhengyu , Jin Long , Zong Tieqiang , Huang Yanyan , Sun Jinfeng , Zhou Wei , Li Gao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe polysaccharides from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. (BCPs) were obtained by optimal water extraction (extraction temperature 84 °C, liquid to solid ratio 42 mL/g and extraction time 100 min), the extraction yield of BCPs was 23.01±0.27 % (n=3). Furthermore, two novel polysaccharides (BCP‐A1 and BCP‐B1) were purified by column chromatography. The BCP‐A1 (6.0820×104 kDa) was composed of β‐D‐Manp‐(1→, β‐D‐Glcp‐(1→, →4)‐α‐D‐Galp‐(1→ and →3,4)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→, and BCP‐B1 (2.2744×104 kDa) was composed of →5)‐α‐L‐Araf‐(1→, β‐D‐Manp‐(1→, β‐D‐Glcp‐(1→, →4)‐α‐D‐Glcp, →4)‐α‐D‐Galp‐(1→, →4)‐α‐D‐GalpA‐(1→ and →3,4)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→. In anticomplementary experiments, BCP‐A1 (CH50: 0.009±0.003 mg/mL; AP50: 0.015±0.003 mg/mL) and BCP‐B1 (CH50: 0.004±0.001 mg/mL; AP50: 0.028±0.005 mg/mL) exhibited potent anticomplementary activity, and acted on C2‐, C4‐ and Factor B components. Our study provides a foundation for BCP‐A1 and BCP‐B1 as potential complement inhibitors to treat diseases involving with excessive activation of the complement system.
Modelling and gas–solid mixing characterization in the jiggled bed reactor (JBR)
Authors: Cai Timothy , Mao Pengzhi , Berruti Franco , Briens Cedric 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe jiggled bed reactor (JBR) is a new multiphase laboratory‐scale microreactor consisting of a sealed container attached to a piston that is rapidly moved up and down by a pneumatically powered actuator. Particles and fluids in the container are mixed by this up and down motion instead of mechanical agitators or a fluidizing gas. This alternating motion provides intense mixing of all phases (gas, liquid, or solid) and intense contact between phases. Small rods inside the solids bed are heated by induction, allowing for excellent control of bed temperature and heating rate. The JBR is inexpensive and easy to operate, and it has been applied to catalytic gasification of bio‐oil, biomass pyrolysis, activated carbon production, high‐pressure oil hydrogenation, and hydrocarbons adsorption. Experiments demonstrated that solids mixing depends on the reactor platform maximum accelerations during both up and down strokes. A minimum acceleration, 55 m2/s for the tested JBR, was required to achieve good solids mixing. A physical model was developed to predict the reactor platform motion and its maximum acceleration. It requires a few preliminary experiments (around 10) to obtain its four empirical parameters. The model can then determine how to adjust the actuator compressed air pressure or modify the equipment to eliminate performance bottlenecks.
Recovery of valeric acid using green solvents
Authors: Mukherjee Sourav , Munshi Basudeb 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, extraction of valeric acid (VA) using tri‐n‐butyl phosphate (TBP) as a reactive extractant was carried out. To reduce the toxic effects of the conventional diluents on microorganisms, non‐toxic and green edible sunflower and soybean oils were tried as the diluents. The high values of the distribution coefficient and extraction efficiency advocated to use them in the bio‐refinery industries. Moreover, it shows intensification of the recovery of VA using reactive extraction process. Sunflower oil appeared to be a better diluent than soybean oil. The complexation reaction stoichiometry (m and n) and equilibrium complexation reaction constant were estimated by using the differential evolution technique. In spite of the loading ratio being less than 0.5, the estimated m/n was found to be more than 1.0. The higher values of occurred due to the 9higher stability of the VA‐TBP complex in sunflower oil than in soybean oil. The stoichiometry of VA decreased with increasing TBP concentration. The complex concentration, , was found to be higher for soybean oil. It increased with temperature and initial VA concentration but remained invariant with TBP concentration. Due to the decreasing trend of with temperature, the complexation reaction became exothermic. The enthalpy changes due to mass transfer stipulated easier mixing of the phases in sunflower oil than in soybean oil.
Two chemical engineers look at the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: De Visscher Alex , Pinheiro Patrício Paôlla Chrystine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChemical engineering involves a skill set that is transferrable to a broad range of other areas. A case in point is the work that is being done by chemical engineers to better understand and fight the COVID‐19 epidemic. In this study, we consider a problem that has eluded the COVID‐19 research community, which is nevertheless very tractable with a chemical engineering mindset: the true or intrinsic mortality rate of COVID‐19, that is, the fraction or percentage of COVID‐19‐infected people that die of the disease. We solve this problem in two locations (Spain and the state of New York) for the epidemic's first wave using a combination of daily death data, a fit of a computer simulation of an epidemiological model with adjustable parameters, and independent results of immunological blood testing on a random sample of the population. Parallels are drawn with the problem of determining the turnover frequency of a catalyst based on a similar combination of data and approaches. It is concluded from the study that the intrinsic mortality rate of COVID‐19 was 1.45 ± 0.45% during the first wave, a number that reflects OECD countries. By incorporating data on the age dependence of the mortality rate, a relationship fmort = (3.0 ± 0.7) × 10−5 exp(0.1a), where a is the age in years, is tentatively put forward for the mortality rate as a fraction.
The art of painting rainbows—between color science and painter's practice
Authors: Kirchner Eric , Koken Phil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe present the first quantitative analysis of representing rainbow colors in historical paintings from Antiquity to the twentieth century. Using high‐resolution photographs of art works we determined and analyzed percentages of areas from painted rainbows covered by different color categories. Our results are the first to quantitatively show that up to the nineteenth century, painters generally did not follow contemporary color theories when painting rainbows. The only evidence of an influence from color theory on painted rainbows is the use of a color scheme consisting of three primary and three secondary colors as described by d'Aguilon (1613) and others. For painting rainbows, this scheme was used for the first time in the early nineteenth century, rising to 6% of all paintings created during that century, and reaching 24% in the twentieth century. We conclude that in the vast majority of paintings, individual color choices by the painter were decisive. Additionally, we identified a few weak trends: (1) color combinations in painted rainbows over time gradually become slightly more similar to the color proportions in natural rainbows; (2) from the Renaissance onward, circa 35%–40% of the painted rainbows consist of orange, yellow and green, sometimes with white as well. This trend may originate from Antiquity; (3) Already from Antiquity a white band was used as an artistic but unrealistic device to create the impression of a luminous arc. This trend reached its maximum in popularity in Baroque, but it is still used in many painted rainbows up to the twentieth century.
Improved chaos‐RSA‐based hybrid cryptosystem for image encryption and authentication
Authors: Gafsi Mohamed , Amdouni Rim , Hajjaji Mohamed Ali , Malek Jihene , Mtibaa Abdellatif 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThis article puts forward a fast chaos‐RSA‐based hybrid cryptosystem to secure and authenticate secret images. The SHA‐512 is used to generate a 512‐bit initial key. The RSA system is used to encrypt the initial secret key and signature generation for both the sender and image authentication. In fact, a powerful block‐cipher algorithm is developed to encrypt and decrypt images with a high level of security. At this stage, a strong PRNG based on four chaotic systems is propounded to generate high‐quality keys. Therefore, an improved architecture is suggested. It performs confusion and diffusion of images with low computational complexity. In the final step, the encrypted secret key, signature, and encrypted image are combined together in order to obtain an encrypted signed image. The block‐cipher algorithm is evaluated in‐depth for several ordinary and medical images with different types, content, and size. The obtained simulation results demonstrate that the system enables high‐level security. The entropy has achieved a value of 7.9998 which is the most important feature of randomness. A comparative study against numerous recent encryption algorithms demonstrates that the proposed algorithm provides good results.
On the Notation of Catastrophes in the Framework of Bonding Evolution Theory: Case of Normal and Inverse Electron Demand Diels‐Alder Reactions
Authors: Ayarde‐Henríquez Leandro , Guerra Cristian , Duque‐Noreña Mario , Rincón Elizabeth , Pérez Patricia , Chamorro Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper generalizes very recent and unexpected findings [J. Phys. Chem. A, 2021, 125, 5152–5165] regarding the known “direct‐ and inverse‐electron demand” Diels‐Alder mechanisms. Application of bonding evolution theory indicates that the key electron rearrangement associated with significant chemical events (e. g., the breaking/forming processes of bonds) can be characterized via the simplest fold polynomial. For the CC bond formation, neither substituent position nor the type of electronic demand induces a measurable cusp‐type signature. As opposed to the case of [4+2] cycloaddition between 1,3‐butadiene and ethylene, where the two new CC single bonds occur beyond the transition state (TS) in the activated cases, the first CC bond occurs in the domain of structural stability featuring the TS, whereas the second one remains located in the deactivation path connecting the TS with the cycloadduct.
Zero voltage switching high step‐up boost converter with coupled inductor for renewable energy applications
Authors: Sudarsan Reddy Duttaluri Venkata , Thangavel Subbaiyan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a zero‐voltage switching high step‐up boost converter with coupled inductor for renewable energy applications. In this proposed circuit, main and auxiliary switches are turned ON at zero voltage switching to reduce switching losses. The voltage gain of the converter is increased by varying the turns ratio between primary and secondary of the coupled inductor (CI). The voltage spikes at the main switch are mitigated by using active clamping technique. The reverse recovery problem in diodes is alleviated due to leakage inductance of the CI. Zero current switching turn OFF in output diode is achieved, which can enhance the efficiency of the converter. A real‐time model for 100 W proposed converter circuit is developed to verify the theoretical analysis.
A comparison of spectral unmixing to conventional compensation for the calculation of fluorochrome abundances from flow cytometric data
Authors: Novo David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTraditionally, flow cytometers acquired data using the same number of detectors as fluorochromes being measured in the experiment. More recently, spectral flow cytometers utilize a larger number of detectors than fluorochromes. This seemingly small difference opens the door to a wide variety of mathematical tools for the calculation of the true fluorochrome abundances from the raw detector values as compared with traditional compensation. This review will provide a brief overview of the mathematics and theory underlying traditional compensation and unmixing focusing on the differences between them and the additional information provided by unmixing approaches.
Predictable hydrology, habitat and food resources determine fish recruitment dynamics in an incised tropical Australian river
Authors: Godfrey Paul C. , Pusey Bradley J. , Pearson Richard G. , Arthington Angela H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe critical role of hydrology in tropical floodplain river systems is well established, but there is limited information on the drivers of larval and juvenile recruitment of freshwater fishes in small tropical rivers. Herein, we describe the patterns of occurrence and abundance of fish larvae, juveniles and adults in the lower reaches of a short, deeply incised coastal river of the Australian Wet Tropics. We expected that several environmental factors, including site proximity to the coast and flow and salinity regimes, would influence the life‐history strategies, distribution and abundance of larval and juvenile fishes. Study sites contained the larval stages of 23 of the 38 native species present, including nine species for which there are no previous larval records from Wet Tropics rivers or elsewhere. Larvae and juvenile fishes of most species exhibited maximum abundance in the benign but productive dry season, but some diadromous species showed peak abundance in tidal riverine/estuarine waters during the wet season. Most species exhibited peak larval abundance during the same months of Years 1 and 2 under similar hydrological, physicochemical water quality and habitat conditions in both years. These results are summarised in a conceptual model depicting how seasonal hydrology interacts with channel and habitat characteristics to influence life‐history strategies and hence spatial and temporal variations in larval fish abundance in Wet Tropics rivers. Our results highlight the importance of seasonal contrasts in flow, habitat structure, water quality and food resources in supporting the variety of life‐history strategies in the fish assemblages.
Fish–parasite interactions: A dataset of continental waters in Mexico involving fishes and their helminth fauna
Authors: García‐Prieto Luis , Dáttilo Wesley , Rubio‐Godoy Miguel , Pérez‐Ponce de León Gerardo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMost of the available knowledge in the literature on Mexican fishes and their parasites refers to information within political divisions and/or hydrological basins in the country. Indeed, only a few studies have analyzed the helminth fauna of these vertebrates as a biological group distributed nation‐wide. This lack of available knowledge prevents the study of several basic and applied aspects involving fish–parasite interactions at different spatial and temporal scales. In this dataset, we compiled all the available geographic information on fish–helminth parasite interactions involving native and exotic fish species recorded in continental waters throughout the Mexican territory. After an exhaustive filtering and the curation of information, our data set contains 5999 records of 361 freshwater fish species (roughly 70% of known freshwater fish species occurring in Mexico) and 483 endo‐ and ectoparasitic helminths collected over an 85‐year period (from 1936–2021) in 1070 localities distributed throughout Mexico. These records are mainly concentrated in only a few states located to the south and east of the country; although all states have been sampled and all major basins in Mexico are represented. The fish order with the highest number of records was Perciformes (n = 2325, 38.75%) while the fish family with the highest number of records was Cichlidae (n = 1741, 29.02%). Native species of fishes corresponded to 92.14% of the records (n = 5528) and fish‐associated parasites were found in 41 habitat types in/on their host bodies. Regarding fish parasites, we found that most of the records are from the phylum Platyhelminthes (n = 4495, 74.92%). At the class level, we observed that Trematoda reached the highest number of records (n = 2965, 49.42%). Moreover, we found that Diplostomidae (n = 917, 15.25%) were the family of trematodes with the highest number of records. Most parasites were registered in their adult stage (n = 3730, 62.17%), followed by larval stages (n = 2267, 37.78%). We hope that the fish–parasite interactions data set will encourage researchers worldwide to explore different ecological and coevolutionary aspects of fishes and their helminth parasites, as well as provide useful information for the better implementation of conservation initiatives. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when using its data in publications or teaching events.