bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Security Situation Assessment Based on Attack Graph Techniques
Authors: Yang Jinwei , Yang Yu , Zheng Lu , Cheng Ruixia , Lin Shengnan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Network security situation awareness (NSSA) can analyze current network status and predict trends. Intrusion detection systems are used as sources of security factor in situational awareness, and their accuracy affects the assessment of network security. The attack graph can filter out key nodes and enumerate possible attack paths, which has become the main method of risk assessment. Therefore, a network security situation assessment technology based on intrusion detection was proposed. The detection rate of the intrusion detection system was improved firstly, and then the attack graph was combined with the hidden Markov model (HMM) for network security assessment. The experimental results show that this method can effectively speculate the attack intention and reflect the results intuitively and roundly.
Research on Semi-physical Simulation of Direct Drive Fan Based on ADPSS
Authors: Zhang Zhixuan , Yang Dong , Ma Linlin , Zhao Kang , Zhou Ning , Hao Xudong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A high proportion of new energy equipment brings problems such as increased power source uncertainty and weaker moment of inertia to the power grid. Through large-scale grid simulation with refined models of new energy equipment, potential grid risks can be discovered and grid security can be effectively improved. The modeling accuracy of the new energy equipment model affects the simulation accuracy of the large power grid. In order to solve the accuracy problem of the new energy equipment model, a semi-physical simulation platform close to the actual equipment is used to carry out simulations of different working conditions. Based on ADPSS, a semi-physical simulation electromagnetic model of a dual-motor dual-power unit two-level direct-drive fan was built, and simulation data of different working conditions were obtained. The direct frequency control method is adopted to optimize the motor model, which reduces the steady-state fluctuation of the semi-physical simulation and improves the simulation accuracy.
Unsupervised classification model of residential power users based on typical load patterns
Authors: Tian Yingjie , Zhai Zixue , Li Fan , Wu Yi , Zhao Yingying , Su Yun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is critical for the smart grid to mining the power users’ consumption behaviors. The accumulation of power data provides the possibility of conducting experiments for research focus on behavior analysis. This paper proposes a residential power users’ classification method based on typical load patterns called UCM-LP, to classify users’ power consumption behavior. The method firstly performs fuzzy grouping on the typical power consumption characteristics of multiple users through two-stage clustering, then divides cluster label to obtain the final power consumption categories of the user. Finally, this paper verified the algorithm using the real household power consumption data, obtaining the specific power consumption category patterns and discussed the differences among power consumption categories.
Design of High-isolation Miniaturized Multi-channel Ku-band Driving Module
Authors: Li Jiangjiang , Bai Fengjuan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The driving module is the key component of the electronic scanning array radar system, which controls the radio frequency signal of the whole radar. It must have the characteristics of high performance, low cost, lightweight, miniaturization and easy to use. To meet this requirement, a miniaturized multi-channel Ku-band driving module design scheme is proposed in this paper. The module integrates four-channel T/R amplifier circuits, two-channel calibration switch circuits, and a RF power division network, with a total of 19 radio frequency interfaces, which can significantly reduce the number of active amplifiers in the radar system. The module adopts a positive and negative double-sided open-cavity design, combines with vertical interconnection technology to achieve more than 80dBc channel isolation of calibration switch circuit, and has good gain flatness and inter-channel phase consistency. The overall size of the module is 107mm*84mm*12mm, the weight is only 202g, the transmit power of the odd channel is greater than 26.7dBm, and the transmit power of the even channel is greater than 28.4dBm. This module can be widely used in car navigation, radar detection, and other fields due to its characteristics of small size, rich function, and easy integration.
Research on AT traction network relay protection model based on Feeding Section
Authors: Tan Zihang , Xu Chaozheng , Yin Zijian , Tian Xingjun , Lu Shijiao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Relay protection for AT traction networks is the key to maintaining safe and reliable operation of high-speed railways. Existing relay protection in the electrical supply network of high-speed railways often ensures its reliability at the expense of its selectivity. The current reliability-first relay protection scheme no longer meets the current safety requirements for high-speed railway operations, so the need to select a more optimised relay protection scheme is crucial. The fully parallel AT power supply method used in high-speed railways has the Feeding Section as the basic unit. Optimising the relay protection mode of the Feeding Section is of great help in optimising the AT traction network relay protection system. In this paper, the IED model for the protection of the entire Feeding Section is established by building a model based on the relevant rules of the IEC 61850 communication protocol and configuring the parameters of each logical node, starting from the actual project of the high-speed railway. The OPNET software was used to carry out simulations to prove that the IED model for line protection based on the supply arm can effectively balance the reliability and selectivity of relay protection.
To Predict the Power Generation based on Machine Learning Method
Authors: Fan Libo , Wang Yi , Fang Xiang , Jiang Jian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
New energy including wind and solar energy has developed rapidly in the past years to lower carbon emission. Due to the high uncertainty of power generation of new energy, one challenging task is to predict the power generation so that the grid system can effectively schedule it. This paper focuses on predicting the power generation according to weather forecast. Specifically, we treat this task as a machine learning task which aims at learning a functional model that maps the weather forecast to power generation. We choose XGBoost and LightGBM as the backbone models and propose substantial techniques such as smoothing to boost the model performance. Extensive experiments validate XGBoost and LightGBM are quite suitable for this task and our proposed training techniques can indeed improve the performance.
Multi robot cooperative rescue based on two-stage task allocation algorithm
Authors: Huang Jie , Song Quanjun , Xu Zhannan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Task allocation is an important issue in the decision-making of multi robot fire rescue in underground garage. In this paper, a multi robot and multi-objective optimization model is constructed. According to the real-time requirements of fire rescue in the underground garage scene, a two-stage multi robot task allocation algorithm based on ant colony and contract net protocol is proposed, which solves the global deficiency of the allocation result based on contract net protocol and the defect that ant colony optimization can not respond to environmental changes in real time. The comparative test results in dynamic environment show that the two-stage task allocation algorithm is similar to ant colony optimization in global cost, and its real-time performance is better than ant colony optimization.
Virtual Inertia Control of Wind Turbine Based on Model Predictive Control
Authors: Xu Chenglong , Cheng Liang , Qian Huimin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A useful method for system frequency adjustment of wind turbines is theoretical inertia control. The classic PD theoretical inertia control has difficulty in parameter setting, and does not provide useful inertial support for the system on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, a theoretical inertia control way for wind turbines on account of Model Predictive Control (MPC) is proposed, which provides inertia support when frequency events occur. To confirm the availability of the proposed control method, MATLAB/Simulink® software was employed for system modeling and simulation. The simulation consequences demonstrate that when the system is disturbed by the load, the proposed MPC theoretical inertia control has better robustness and frequency stability than PD theoretical inertia control.
A Low-Cost and Lightweight Thermal Management System for Lithium-Ion Battery Modules Based on Composite PCM under Normal EV Operating Conditions
Authors: Ping Li , Yanjun Ma , Zhaoli Wang , Xiaofan Jia , Hongli Ding , Panlong Wang , Jiangtao Gao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a novel low-cost and lightweight lithium ion batteries thermal design based on EG-based composite phase change material to store heat under normal EV operating conditions is developed and verified theoretically. The three dimensional thermal simulation model is proposed to compute the transient temperature of the battery at some actual driving conditions during discharge. The capability of battery thermal management system based on composite PCM under four kinds of actual electric vehicles thermal safety evaluation condition is investigated, and some factors influencing the system are discussed in detail. Simulation results show that the temperature of the lithium ion battery can be maintained within a reasonable range by adopting the cooling system. The highest temperature of battery discharging at 1C rate can be kept no more than 45.1 °C in the cost of 0.5mm in thickness and 1.02kg in weight increment of PCM and the temperature consistency evaluation methods based on integral values were proposed. The conclusions got in this paper can be valuable reference for battery thermal management design and analysis of dissipating heat against daily driving discharge condition.
Structural Ultimate Strength Analysis of Anti-Collision Facility of Yinzhou lake Bridge Under Vessel-Generated waves
Authors: Wei Zhu , Jing Ge , Changchu Zhao , Wengang Qu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Under the condition of complex waters, the long-term action of a vessel-generated wave makes the anti-collision facilities have the risk of structural failure. Taking the Yinzhou lake bridge pier anti-collision structure as the research object, the extreme vessel-generated wave load is calculated, and the structural strength of the floating anti-collision facility under the action of the vessel-generated wave is analyzed using the direct calculation method. The results indicate that the ultimate strength of the overall structure of the anti-collision facilities meets the design requirements, but there is insufficient strength in some parts. A strengthening scheme to meet the design requirements of structural yield strength is proposed.
Adsorption Equilibrium and Adsorption Kinetics of Rare Earth Elements in Coal Rocks
Authors: Bosheng Pan , Zhixiang Zhou , Hengyi Du , Zongzhen Wang , Kai Huang , Yalong Zhang , Shun Liu , Jianbin Liu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The adsorption pattern and mechanism of rare earth elements on coal reservoirs are still unclear, leading to difficulties in the application of rare earth elements in monitoring the fracturing effect of coal reservoirs. Through indoor adsorption experiments, the adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics of rare earth elements Nd, Y and La on coal rocks were studied to simulate the adsorption of rare earth elements tracers on coal reservoirs and to explore the adsorption pattern of rare earth elements on coal rocks under different initial concentrations of rare earth elements, different adsorption times and different rare earth element types. The experimental results showed that the Langmuir isotherm equation fitted best, and the adsorption of rare earth elements on coal samples belonged to unimolecular layer adsorption, and the maximum adsorption of rare earth elements Nd, Y and La on coal samples at 25°C were 41.052 mg/kg, 34.301 mg/kg and 95.465 mg/kg, respectively. The proposed secondary kinetic equation can better describe the adsorption process of rare earth elements on coal rocks, indicating that chemisorption is the controlling step of the adsorption rate, with the coal samples showing the fastest adsorption rate for La elements and the slowest adsorption rate for Nd elements. The results of this study provide a reference for the application of rare earth elements in the evaluation of fracturing effects in coal reservoirs.
Research on Automatic Welding Technology of Vertical Fillet Weld
Authors: Jiao Wancai , Wu Jie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the key automatic welding technology of one-time forming the opposite fillet weld is deeply studied. With the help of the gas electric vertical welding technology and its innovation, it was successfully applied to the test and exploration of the one-time forming technology of automatic welding and equipment of the vertical fillet weld. Major breakthroughs have been made in tackling the key automatic welding technologies of one-time forming vertical fillet welds, filling the gap in this technology in the welding field and accumulating valuable experience for further research and progress of this technology.
Broad Spectrum Detector Based on AlN Crystal
Authors: Fan Zelong , Qin Zuoyan , Sun Zhenhua , Wu Honglei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aluminum nitride(AlN) has an ultra-wide bandgap, which is one of the ideal materials for developing ultraviolet optoelectronic devices and has promising applications in the fields of space environment monitoring and materials science. Due to the existence of defects in the crystal growth process, broad-spectrum detectors were fabricated based on defective state AlN crystals. In this paper, AlN crystal detectors were fabricated and investigated the effect of different electrode work functions on the turn-on voltage. The vertical structure W-AlN-W device achieved broad spectral detection from ultraviolet(UV) to near-infrared(NIR) due to the presence of defects in the crystal, and persistent photoconductivity effect was observed for band-edge excitation. The present work provides implications for the development of AlN crystal-based detectors.
Microgrid optimal scheduling based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Yang Lin , Gao Guige 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is of great significance to study how to use intelligent algorithm to optimize the scheduling of microgrid, so as to improve the operation efficiency of microgrid. In this paper, particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is improved by nonlinearly decreasing inertia weight and nonlinearly dynamic adjusting learning factors. Compared with PSO, the global search ability of the improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO) algorithm is improved. IPSO is used to optimize the scheduling of the microgrid grid connection model. The example results show that nonlinearly decreasing inertia weight and nonlinearly dynamic adjusting learning factors can obviously improve PSO. IPSO has faster convergence and lower comprehensive cost of microgrid scheduling. This paper provides an effective method for the day ahead economic scheduling of microgrid.
Fault location method based on Beetle swarm algorithm
Authors: Zhang ShiZheng , Xu Yan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the increasing complexity of the distribution network, the requirements for fault location are becoming higher and higher. In this paper, the Beetle swarm algorithm, which combines the particle swarm optimization algorithm with the Beetle whisker algorithm, is introduced to locate the fault of the multi-source power system with distributed generators through the python simulation ieee33 node example. Compared with the single particle swarm optimization algorithm, the Beetle swarm algorithm has the characteristics of high stability and high fault tolerance.
Power monitoring network security situation awareness system based on Knowledge Map
Authors: Lu Liyu , Liu Muxian , Chen Wendi , Liu Guihua , Yang Yiyue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhen selecting network security indicators, the conventional security situational awareness system ignores the impact of operation and maintenance index and assets on network security, resulting in a small number of attack events perceived by the system when network nodes are attacked. In order to solve this problem, this research designs a power monitoring network security situational awareness system based on knowledge map. In terms of system hardware, the overall system architecture is composed of data layer, function layer and interface layer, and the data collector is used to collect network security risk data; In terms of system software, the knowledge map graph is used to describe the network security risk data. After calculating the network security vulnerability index, assets, security event compensation and operation and maintenance index, the calculation results are used as the network security index to obtain the network security situation value. The test results show that the system can reflect the attack events in all attack stages, and the number of perceived attack events is significantly more than that of the conventional system, indicating that the system can effectively perceive the security situation of the power monitoring network.
Research review on hydropower-wind power-photovoltaic multi-energy coupling power prediction technology
Authors: Zhang Feng , Zhang Yi , Qiu Yutao , Wu Xiaogang , Tao Yufeng , Ji Qingfeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Energy shortage and environmental pollution have become the world's difficult problems, and the development of clean energy has become an inevitable choice. Solving the high proportion of clean energy consumption will become a major issue in the energy field. Various types of energy sources such as hydropower-wind power-photovoltaic power have coupling characteristics in certain geographical areas, and making good use of these coupling properties can better solve its joint prediction problem. This paper first introduces a brief situation of the development of these fields, proposes the main popular computing methods in this field, and conducts targeted analysis for the mainstream methods such as joint prediction, artificial intelligence and clustering algorithm, and finally puts forward the work value and conclusion of multi-energy coupling prediction.
A smoothing strategy for hybrid storage based on EEMD and two-level fuzzy control
Authors: Deng Hao , Zhang Yingchao , Li Cui , Li Haiming , Liu Peng , Xu JiaFeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Wind power has the characteristics of randomness and intermittence. A smoothing control theory for hybrid Energy storage equipment (HESS) using Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) to allot power and two-level fuzzy control theory to adjust the power of the Energy storage equipment is proposed. EEMD can decompose wind power, the battery is used to weaken the long-term power fluctuation, and the super capacitor is used to weaken the short-term power fluctuation. Using HESS can improve the service life of Energy storage equipment.
Capturing wake capture: a 2D numerical investigation into wing–wake interaction aerodynamics
Authors: Li Hao , Nabawy Mostafa R A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A wing generating lift leaves behind a region of disturbed air in the form of a wake. For a hovering insect, the wings must return through the wake produced by the previous half-stroke and this can have significant effects on the aerodynamic performance. This paper numerically investigates 2D wings interacting with their own wake at Reynolds numbers of 102 and 103, enabling an improved understanding of the underlying physics of the ‘wake capture’ aerodynamic mechanism of insect flight. We adopt a simple kinematic motion pattern comprised of a translational stroke motion followed by a complete stop to expose wake interaction effects. Representative stroke distance to chord ratios between 1.5 and 6.0 are considered, enabling different leading-edge vortex (LEV) attachment states. We also allow pitching rotation towards the end of stroke, leading to wake intercepting angles of 135°, 90°, and 45°, analogous to delayed, symmetric, and advanced pitching rotations of insect wings. It is shown that both vortex suction and jet flow impingement mechanisms can lead to either positive or negative effects depending on the LEV attachment state, and that stroke distances resulting in a detached/attached LEV lead to beneficial/detrimental wake interaction lift. Pitching rotation at the end of the stroke motion is found to induce a strong rotational trailing-edge vortex (RTEV). For advanced pitching, this RTEV serves to enable either a stronger flow impingement effect leading to positive wake interaction lift if the LEV is detached, or a less favourable vortex suction effect leading to negative wake interaction lift if the LEV is closely attached. The higher Reynolds number led to faster development of the wake vortices, but the primary wake interaction mechanisms remained the same for both Reynolds numbers.
Image Road Surface Classification Based on GLCM Feature Using LGBM Classifier
Authors: Robet  , Juliandy Carles , Andi  , Hendri  , Hendrik Jackri , Tarigan Feriani Astuti 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The road is a land transportation infrastructure that is often used by the community to support their daily activities. Damaged road conditions will cause inconvenience and especially safety for users. Therefore, road repairs must be carried out immediately. The problem currently being faced by the public works services is that identifying road damage is still done manually, so it takes a long time and costs, therefore the approach can be taken is using a computer to do texture feature extraction on road surface images to obtain information using the GLCM method and classify using the LGBM method for normal, cracked, potholed road surfaces with an accuracy of 90%.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Towards Complete Basic Immunization for Children
Authors: Putri Suri Kusuma , Kurnia Muhammad Aditya , Chandra Siahaan Perry Boy , Simangunsong Pahala Maringan J. , Siregar Christhin Ester , Christine  , Sinurat Buenita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Based on the data from the Public Health Office of Medan City about comprehensive immunization coverage in Medan Deli Public Health Center was 47,3% as of December 2020. This is qualitative research with in-depth interview and case study design. This research aims to know the regulations, health human resources and facility and infrastructure resources, and social environment conditions in the implementation of Complete Basic Immunization for children in Public Health Center Medan Deli during COVID-19 pandemic. The policy of immunization program underwent many changes. One of them is the postponement of immunization according to the official regulation from the Medan City government. The health officers for immunization program during COVID-19 pandemic were sufficient, however after the pandemic their responsibilities were increased. The health officers had to give COVID-19 vaccines to the public, while also had to give immunization to children. The facilities and infrastructure of immunization program were sufficient, but cadres and public who received health services from Integrated Healthcare Center hope that the facilities should be upgraded, e.g. scales and height metre. Moreover, the low enthusiasm of the public and lack of mother’s information about the importance of immunization for children caused the low coverage of the immunization program in Public Health Center.