bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of 'Start of Season' in Major Rainfed Crops of Tamil Nadu, India Using Remote Sensing Technology
Authors: Vasumathi V. , Kalpana R. , Pazhanivelan S. , Kumaraperumal R. , Priya M. V. 
Published: July 2022

Cropping seasons are the seasons in which a particular crop is grown. Identification of cropping seasons is crucial for successful cropping in rainfed areas. This research study focuses on the identification of major rainfed crop growing seasons in rainfed areas of Tamil Nadu using remote sensing technology. The MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Image Spectroradiometer) satellite product MOD13Q1 is utilized to produce NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) of the study region. Then the NDVI values for each rainfed ground truth point were extracted and the value was used to produce a line graph representing the crop growing period. Likewise, multiple lines were produced for major rainfed crops: Rice, Maize, Pearl millet, Sorghum, Groundnut, Moth bean, Cotton and Chilli. The result reveals that the Maize and Cotton growing season starts in June-July, mostly single crop per year. Rice, Pearl millet, Sorghum and Chilli are also grown as a single crop per year, sowing by the month of October-November. Besides, there was a double-cropping area of Groundnut- Black gram and Groundnut-Moth Bean raised during June-July and October-November respectively.
Melatonin Involvement in Syncope Associated with Sleep Disturbance: A Case Report
Authors: Onwuka Osah Martins , Okerulu Adaobi Linda , Nwosu Nkechi Clara 
Published: July 2022

Background: Syncope or fainting associated with sleep disturbance is mostly diagnosed as vasovagal syncope and has also been linked to orthostatic or postural hypotension. The physiological basis of syncope associated with sleep disturbance is not fully elucidated. In this report a rare case of melatonin involvement in syncope associated with sleep disturbance was presented.
Case Presentation: A case of a 21-year-old female with syncope associated with sleep disturbance was examined with 1 hour post syncope melatonin concentration of 33pg/ml (daytime evaluation) which is on the increase when compared to its female referenced average value (10pg/ml daytime evaluation). Some vital physiological variables associated with syncope like heart rate, blood pressure, hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume were normal compared to referenced value (Table 1 and Table 2).
Conclusion: Considering the evaluations presented, it is suggested that melatonin could be involved in the sleep disturbance induced syncope and this report has created de novo insight that will aid elucidation, diagnosis and intervention of syncope induced by sleep disturbance or obstruction.
Eco-friendly Management of Charcoal Rot of Sesame Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid
Authors: Vashisht Preeti , Saharan H. S. , Rathi A. S. 
Published: July 2022

The most damaging soil and seed-borne disease of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), which appears every year in Haryana and causes significant output losses, is charcoal rot disease, which is caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.
Aim: The current experiment was conducted to learn more about the environmentally friendly management of M. phaseolina using botanicals and bio-agents, under in vitro and in vivo conditions in the Department of Plant Pathology, CCSHAU, Hisar.
Methodology: Under in vitro circumstances, the effectiveness of botanicals was assessed using the poison food technique. Seed treatment prior to sowing under screenhouse conditions was used to examine the effectiveness of both the botanicals and bio-agents.
Results: The phytoextract of Lantana camara, among the botanicals tested for its effectiveness under in vitro conditions against M. phaseolina, inhibited maximum mycelial growth by 89.43% at a 20% concentration, followed by extract of Parthenium hysterophorus and garlic (Allium sativum), which inhibited up to 87.21 and 57.21%, respectively, at the same concentration. But ginger (Zingiber officinale), which only inhibited mycelial development by 26.94% at a 20% concentration, was shown to be the least effective. The most effective combination of phytoextracts and bio-agents for controlling the disease up to 36.43 percent in the HT-1 variety and 40.92 percent in the HT-2 variety was P. hysterophorus + T. harzianum, which controlled the disease up to 34.28 and 38.53 per cent, respectively, among the combinations of phytoextracts and bioagents tested under screen house conditions.
A Scoping Analysis of Theories, Models, and Standard Operating Procedures for the COVID-19 Pandemic in Uganda
Authors: Semwogerere Twaibu , Kucel Samuel Baker , Igga Huzairu , Lusiba Badru , Gavamukulya Yahaya , Namwanje Sophie , Awichi Richard Opaka , KB Joseph Matovu , Barugahare Banson John 
Published: July 2022

The Corona Virus Disease - 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is one of the most devastating events in the history of human health for the last several decades. Our analysis aimed at a cross-section of events, models and theories surrounding the pandemic. These included mathematical modeling, lockdown diaries, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), religious approaches, and the 5G network theory among others. The Global economies have been checked negatively by the pandemic. The COVID - 19 – pandemic challenge, primed many innovations and adaptations for survival. Use of phones and ICT as well as proper handling of asymptomatic victims was necessary as it resolves the anxiety issue of the infection spread. Leadership from the President to the lowers levels was critical for the management of COVID -19 challenge in Uganda.
A Case Report on Recurrent Intestinal Obstruction with Relapsing Klebsiella and Candida Sepsis in a 6 Years Old Patient: A Rare Case Report from South India
Authors: Shailaja K. , Nissi L. , Vinithra S. Sri 
Published: July 2022

When the forward movement of intestinal contents is interrupted or impeded by a mechanical reason, it is referred to as an intestinal obstruction. In this case report, a 6-year-old pediatric patient presented with complaints of abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and bilious vomiting associated with nausea. In a shorter period, he had undergone two recurrent surgeries for intestinal obstruction and also had two different infections preceding the completion of the two surgeries. This report can give a clear picture that diagnosis serves as a gold standard for designing a pharmacotherapeutic plan to reduce the susceptibility to various pathogenic infections and reduce the length of hospital stay.
Addition of Diquat Enhances the Electron Mobility in Various Non‐Fullerene Acceptor Molecules
Authors: Nugraha Mohamad Insan , Gedda Murali , Firdaus Yuliar , Scaccabarozzi Alberto D. , Zhang Weimin , Alshammari Sanaa , Aniés Filip , Adilbekova Begimai , Emwas Abdul‐Hamid , McCulloch Iain , Heeney Martin , Tsetseris Leonidas , Anthopoulos Thomas D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMolecular doping of organic semiconductors is often used to enhance their charge transport characteristics. Despite its success, however, most studies to date concern p‐doping with considerably fewer reports involving n‐dopants. Here, n‐doping of organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) based on several non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA) molecules using the recently developed diquat (DQ) as a soluble molecular dopant is reported. The low ionization potential of DQ facilitates efficient electron transfer and subsequent n‐doping of the NFAs, resulting in a consistent increase in the electron field‐effect mobility. Solution‐processed BTP‐eC9 and N3‐based OTFTs exhibit significant increase in the electron mobility upon DQ doping, with values increasing from 0.02 to 0.17 cm2 V–1 s–1 and from 0.2 to 0.57 cm2 V–1 s–1, respectively. A remarkable electron mobility of >1 cm2 V–1 s–1 is achieved for O‐IDTBR transistors upon optimal doping with DQ. The enhanced performance originates primarily from synergistic effects on electronic transport and changes in morphology, including: i) significant reduction of contact resistances, ii) formation of larger crystalline domains, iii) change of preferred crystal orientation, and iv) alteration in molecular packing motif. This work demonstrates the universality of DQ as an electronic additive for improving electron transport in OTFTs.
3D Network‐Assisted Crystallization for Fully Printed Perovskite Solar Cells with Superior Irradiation Stability
Authors: Li Feng , Gong Chenxiang , Fan Baojin , Xing Zhi , Meng Xiangchuan , Zhang Shaohua , Hu Xiaotian , Chen Yiwang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMeniscus‐coating as a high‐throughput preparation process has significant advantages in the manufacture of large‐area perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the gradient crystallization during printing significantly affects the vertical uniformity of perovskite films, which greatly affects the carrier transport of perovskite films and the stability of PSCs. Here, a perovskite ink compatible with printing technology is reported to realize uniform printing of perovskite film on a 3D scale. The siloxane 3D network hinders the solute migration caused by capillary force and acts as a skeleton to promote the uniform crystallization of perovskite films. Consequently, the corresponding fully printed PSCs have reduced efficiency loss (from 37.4% to 17.0%). In addition, based on the improvement of crystal quality and reduction of defects in perovskite films, the siloxane‐optimized PSCs achieved a championship efficiency of 22.0%, which is one of the highest performance for fully printed devices. The optimized device retains 80% of the initial PCE after 800 h AM 1.5G one‐sun illumination, and only decreases 20% after 160 h of ultraviolet light (365 nm, 20 mW cm−2) irradiation.
In Situ Forming Hydrogel as a Tracer and Degradable Lacrimal Plug for Dry Eye Treatment
Authors: Dai Mali , Xu Kejia , Xiao Decheng , Zheng Yujing , Zheng Qinxiang , Shen Jianliang , Qian Yuna , Chen Wei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLacrimal plug is an effective and widely therapeutic strategy to treat dry eye. However, almost all commercialized plugs are fixed in a certain design and associated with many complications, such as spontaneous plug extrusion, epiphora, and granuloma and cannot be traced in the long‐term. Herein, a simple in situ forming hydrogel is developed as a tracer and degradable lacrimal plug to achieve the best match with the irregular lacrimal passages. In this strategy, methacrylate‐modified silk fibroin (SFMA) is served as a network, and a self‐assembled indocyanine green fluorescence tracer nanoparticle (FTN) is embedded as an indicator to develop the hydrogel plug using visible photo‐crosslinking. This SFMA/FTN hydrogel plug has excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, which can be noninvasively monitored by near‐infrared light. In vivo tests based on dry eye rabbits show that the SFMA/FTN hydrogel plug can completely block the lacrimal passages and greatly improve the various clinical indicators of dry eye. These results demonstrate that the SFMA/FTN hydrogel is suitable as an injectable and degradable lacrimal plug with a long‐term tracking function. The work offers a new approach to the development of absorbable plugs for the treatment of dry eye.
Unraveling the Mechanobiology Underlying Traumatic Brain Injury with Advanced Technologies and Biomaterials
Authors: Shao Xiaowei , Liu Zhongqian , Mao Shijie , Han Lin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a worldwide health and socioeconomic problem, associated with prolonged and complex neurological aftermaths, including a variety of functional deficits and neurodegenerative disorders. Research on the long‐term effects has highlighted that TBI shall be regarded as a chronic health condition. The initiation and exacerbation of TBI involve a series of mechanical stimulations and perturbations, accompanied by mechanotransduction events within the brain tissues. Mechanobiology thus offers a unique perspective and likely promising approach to unravel the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanisms leading to neural cells dysfunction after TBI, which may contribute to the discovery of novel targets for future clinical treatment. This article investigates TBI and the subsequent brain dysfunction from a lens of neuromechanobiology. Following an introduction, the mechanobiological insights are examined into the molecular pathology of TBI, and then an overview is given of the latest research technologies to explore neuromechanobiology, with particular focus on microfluidics and biomaterials. Challenges and prospects in the current field are also discussed. Through this article, it is hoped that extensive technical innovation in biomedical devices and materials can be encouraged to advance the field of neuromechanobiology, paving potential ways for the research and rehabilitation of neurotrauma and neurological diseases.
Scalable Formation of Highly Viable and Functional Hepatocellular Carcinoma Spheroids in an Oxygen‐Permeable Microwell Device for Anti‐Tumor Drug Evaluation
Authors: He Jianyu , Zhou Chang , Xu Xiaolei , Zhou Zhenzhen , Danoy Mathieu , Shinohara Marie , Xiao Wenjin , Zhu Dong , Zhao Xiuying , Feng Xiaobin , Mao Yilei , Sun Wei , Sakai Yasuyuki , Yang Huayu , Pang Yuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFor high‐throughput anti‐cancer drug screening, microwell arrays may serve as an effective tool to generate uniform and scalable tumor spheroids. However, microwell arrays are commonly anchored in non‐oxygen‐permeable culture plates, leading to limited oxygen supply for avascular spheroids. Herein, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐based oxygen‐permeable microwell device is introduced for generating highly viable and functional hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) spheroids. The PDMS sheets at the bottom of the microwell device provide a high flux of oxygen like in vivo neighboring hepatic sinusoids. Owing to the better oxygen supply, the generated HepG2 spheroids are larger in size and exhibit higher viability and proliferation with less cell apoptosis and necrosis. These spheroids also exhibit lower levels of anaerobic cellular respiration and express higher levels of liver‐related functions. In anti‐cancer drug testing, spheroids cultured in PDMS plates show a significantly stronger resistance against doxorubicin because of the stronger stem‐cell and multidrug resistance phenotype. Moreover, higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor‐A produces a stronger angiogenesis capability of the spheroids. Overall, compared to the spheroids cultured in conventional non‐oxygen‐permeable plates, these spheroids can be used as a more favorable model for early‐stage HCCs and be applied in high‐throughput anti‐cancer drug screening.
Top‐Layer Engineering Reshapes Charge Transfer at Polar Oxide Interfaces
Authors: De Luca Gabriele , Spring Jonathan , Kaviani Moloud , Jöhr Simon , Campanini Marco , Zakharova Anna , Guillemard Charles , Herrero‐Martin Javier , Erni Rolf , Piamonteze Cinthia , Rossell Marta D. , Aschauer Ulrich , Gibert Marta 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCharge‐transfer phenomena at heterointerfaces are a promising pathway to engineer functionalities absent in bulk materials but can also lead to degraded properties in ultrathin films. Mitigating such undesired effects with an interlayer reshapes the interface architecture, restricting its operability. Therefore, developing less‐invasive methods to control charge transfer will be beneficial. Here, an appropriate top‐interface design allows for remote manipulation of the charge configuration of the buried interface and concurrent restoration of the ferromagnetic trait of the whole film. Double‐perovskite insulating ferromagnetic La2NiMnO6 (LNMO) thin films grown on perovskite oxide substrates are investigated as a model system. An oxygen‐vacancy‐assisted electronic reconstruction takes place initially at the LNMO polar interfaces. As a result, the magnetic properties of 2–5 unit cell LNMO films are affected beyond dimensionality effects. The introduction of a top electron‐acceptor layer redistributes the electron excess and restores the ferromagnetic properties of the ultrathin LNMO films. Such a strategy can be extended to other interfaces and provides an advanced approach to fine‐tune the electronic features of complex multilayered heterostructures.
Hot‐Casting‐Assisted Liquid Additive Engineering for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Min Hanul , Hu Junnan , Xu Zhaojian , Liu Tianran , Khan Saeed‐Uz‐Zaman , Roh Kwangdong , Loo Yueh‐Lin , Rand Barry P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance inorganic–organic lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are often fabricated with a liquid additive such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which retards crystallization and reduces roughness and pinholes in the perovskite layers. However, DMSO can be trapped during perovskite film formation and induce voids and undesired reaction byproducts upon later processing steps. Here, it is shown that the amount of residual DMSO can be reduced in as‐spin‐coated films significantly through use of preheated substrates, or a so‐called hot‐casting method. Hot casting increases the perovskite film thickness given the same concentration of solutions, which allows for reducing the perovskite solution concentration. By reducing the amount of DMSO in proportion to the concentration of perovskite precursors and using hot casting, it is possible to fabricate perovskite layers with improved perovskite–substrate interfaces by suppressing the formation of byproducts, which increase trap density and accelerate degradation of the perovskite layers. The best‐performing PSCs exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.4% (23.0% stabilized efficiency) under simulated solar illumination. Furthermore, encapsulated devices show considerably reduced post‐burn‐in decay, retaining 75% and 90% of their initial and post‐burn‐in efficiencies after 3000 h of operation with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) under high power of ultraviolet (UV)‐containing continuous light exposure.
Bioinspired Oleic Acid–Triolein Emulsions for Functional Material Design
Authors: Freire Rafael V. M. , Haenni Eliane , Hong Linda , Gontsarik Mark , Salentinig Stefan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStimuli‐responsive nanostructured emulsions can be utilized to innovate tailor‐made materials in fields including biotechnology and food materials. This study reports the composition and pH‐responsive colloidal and interfacial properties of the naturally abundant oleic acid–triolein–water emulsions, and applies the knowledge to the sustainable design of nanoemulsions. Small angle X‐ray scattering, spinning drop tensiometry, multi‐angle dynamic light scattering, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and electrophoretic mobility analysis are used to follow pH and ionic strength triggered nanostructural transformations and analyze emulsion particle size and stability. Energy input by vortexing is found sufficient to form emulsions under pH conditions that trigger a decrease in the oil–water interfacial tension. The lipid composition, solution pH, and ionic strength are discovered to influence the protonation of oleic acid, driving pH‐triggered colloidal transformations in the emulsions. The findings from this study can guide the design of novel sustainable functional food emulsions at low‐energy for instance for the solubilization and delivery of degradation sensitive nutrients.
Patterning Technologies for Metal Halide Perovskites: A Review
Authors: Liang Lumeng , Ma Teng , Chen Ziyi , Wang Jiaxin , Hu Jinning , Ji Yucong , Shen Weili , Chen Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetal halide perovskite (MHP) materials have become a research hotspot in recent years due to their unique optical and electrical properties. In the process of preparing MHP materials into optoelectronic devices, patterning is often a key step. The ability to achieve high‐precision and high‐quality patterned films determines whether the corresponding high‐quality applications can be made. At present, there are a lot of patterning researches. Based on the classification of operation methods, this review divides the current MHP patterning methods into three categories: template patterning, inkjet printing patterning, and laser patterning, which describes the operation means, research status, pattern accuracy, method advantages, and future development prospect of each method in detail. This review provides a detailed reference for the research and application of MHP materials, and provides a method basis for future development.
Synergy of MXene with Se Infiltrated Porous N‐Doped Carbon Nanofibers as Janus Electrodes for High‐Performance Sodium/Lithium–Selenium Batteries
Authors: Li Jiayi , Song Jianjun , Luo Linqu , Zhang Hongwei , Feng Junan , Zhao Xiaoxian , Guo Xin , Dong Hanghang , Chen Shuangqiang , Liu Hao , Shao Guangjie , Anthopoulos Thomas. D. , Su Yaqiong , Wang Fengyun , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetal–selenium (M–Se) batteries are considered promising candidates for next‐generation battery technologies owing to their high energy density and high‐rate capability. However, Se cathode suffers from poor cycling performance and low Coulombic efficiency, owing to the shuttle effect of polyselenides. Herein, it is reported the incorporation of Ti3C2Tx MXene onto Se infiltrated porous N‐doped carbon nanofibers (PNCNFs) to construct free‐standing Janus PNCNFs/Se@MXene cathodes for high‐performance Na–Se and Li–Se batteries. The increase of pyrrolic‐N content and the porous structure of the PNCNFs is conducive to enhancing the adsorption of Na2Se and alleviating the shuttle effect. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculations have proven that 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene with polar interfaces enables the effective chemical immobilization and physical blocking of polyselenides to suppress the shuttle effect. The unique architecture with Ti3C2Tx MXene built on top of interlinked nanofiber ensures the continuous electron transfer for redox reaction. As a result, the novel Janus PNCNFs/Se@MXene electrodes deliver robust rate capabilities and superior long‐term cycling stability in both Na–Se and Li–Se batteries. The incorporation of 2D MXene to construct Janus electrodes provides a competitive advantage for selenium‐based cathode materials and highlights a new strategy for developing high‐performance batteries.
Engineering Nonprecious Metal Oxides Electrocatalysts for Two‐Electron Water Oxidation to H2O2
Authors: Hu Xin , Sun Zixu , Mei Guoliang , Zhao Xin , Xia Bao Yu , You Bo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a valuable chemical oxidant which has been extensively applied in water treatment, textile/paper bleaching, medical disinfection, and other industrial fields. Electrocatalytic two‐electron water oxidation reaction (2e‐WOR) with renewable energy inputs is an attractive route to produce H2O2, which avoids the energy‐intensive anthraquinone process in industry. However, leveraging these advances requires the development of efficient and selective electrocatalysts to accelerate the sluggish kinetics. In particular, nanostructured engineering of nonprecious metal oxides offers a promising route for 2e‐WOR. In this review, the recent progress on nanostructure engineering of various nonprecious metal oxides electrocatalysts for 2e‐WOR is reviewed, along with remarks on the challenges and perspectives. The fundamental understanding of 2e‐WOR by density functional theory calculations and operando characterizations is first given, followed by a discussion of diverse H2O2 quantification methods including ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry, titration, and colorimetric strips, with special emphasis on their accuracy, detection limit and stability. Afterward, various strategies toward high‐performance nonprecious metal oxides electrocatalysts including doping, defect, facet, and interface engineering are overviewed. Future challenges and opportunities for 2e‐WOR to H2O2 are proposed finally.