bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GRASP: a computational platform for building kinetic models of cellular metabolism
Authors: Matos Marta R A , Saa Pedro A , Cowie Nicholas , Volkova Svetlana , de Leeuw Marina , Nielsen Lars K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Summary
Kinetic models of metabolism are crucial to understand the inner workings of cell metabolism. By taking into account enzyme regulation, detailed kinetic models can provide accurate predictions of metabolic fluxes. Comprehensive consideration of kinetic regulation requires highly parameterized non-linear models, which are challenging to build and fit using available modelling tools. Here, we present a computational package implementing the GRASP framework for building detailed kinetic models of cellular metabolism. By defining the mechanisms of enzyme regulation and a reference state described by reaction fluxes and their corresponding Gibbs free energy ranges, GRASP can efficiently sample an arbitrarily large population of thermodynamically feasible kinetic models. If additional experimental data are available (fluxes, enzyme and metabolite concentrations), these can be integrated to generate models that closely reproduce these observations using an approximate Bayesian computation fitting framework. Within the same framework, model selection tasks can be readily performed.

Availability and implementation
GRASP is implemented as an open-source package in the MATLAB environment. The software runs in Windows, macOS and Linux, is documented (graspk.readthedocs.io) and unit-tested. GRASP is freely available at github.com/biosustain/GRASP.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Challenges and Visions for the Future Among Paratransit Providers
Authors: Gleason Shayna R , Silverstein Nina M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The present study examined paratransit managers’ perceptions of a changing transportation market and the resources or supports they might need to adapt to evolving market expectations. Paratransit comprises specialized origin-to-destination transportation, often targeting a transportation-disadvantaged population such as people with disabilities or older adults. Paratransit is often provided by a transit agency, a nongovernmental contractor to the transit agency, or other federally-funded entity. The emergence of transportation network companies (TNCs), which connect drivers with passengers in real-time via online-enabled platforms (e.g., Uber and Lyft), has changed the landscape of demand-responsive transportation, including paratransit. However, the experiences of those close to the operations of paratransit programs have been largely neglected in research on mobility developments.

Research Design and Methods
In-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted with 16 managers of paratransit services. The resulting transcripts were coded iteratively with NVivo software, using both inductive and deductive approaches to generate themes.

Results
Resulting themes included challenges with insufficient funding, severe driver shortages, and regulatory/policy obstacles, as well as hopes for expansion and modernization of paratransit services.

Discussion and Implications
This study’s findings advance the literature toward policy and practice solutions that could improve paratransit services for older adults and other transportation-disadvantaged groups.
Real Orbits of Complex Spherical Homogeneous Spaces: the Split Case
Authors: Cupit-Foutou Stéphanie , Timashev Dmitry A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We introduce some reflection operators on the set of real Borel orbits of the real locus $X({\mathbb {R}})$ of any spherical complex variety $X$ defined over ${\mathbb {R}}$ and homogeneous under a split connected reductive group $G$ defined also over ${\mathbb {R}}$. We thus investigate the existence problem for an action of the Weyl group of $G$ on the set of real Borel orbits of $X({\mathbb {R}})$. In particular, we determine the varieties $X$ for which the above-mentioned reflection operators define an action of the very little Weyl group of $X$ on the set of open real Borel orbits of $X({\mathbb {R}})$. This enables us to give a parametrization of the $G({\mathbb {R}})$-orbits for such $X({\mathbb {R}})$ in terms of the orbits of this new action.
SFPQ promotes RAS-mutant cancer cell growth by modulating 5′-UTR mediated translational control of CK1α
Authors: Kok Venetia Jing Tong , Tang Jia Ying , Eng Gracie Wee Ling , Tan Shin Yi , Chin Joseph Tin Foong , Quek Chun Hian , Lai Wei Xuan , Lim Teck Kwang , Lin Qingsong , Chua John Jia En , Cheong Jit Kong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in the RAS family of small GTPases are commonly found in human cancers and they promote tumorigenesis by altering gene expression networks. We previously demonstrated that Casein Kinase 1α (CK1α), a member of the CK1 family of serine/threonine kinases, is post-transcriptionally upregulated by oncogenic RAS signaling. Here, we report that the CK1α mRNA contains an exceptionally long 5′-untranslated region (UTR) harbouring several translational control elements, implicating its involvement in translational regulation. We demonstrate that the CK1α 5′-UTR functions as an IRES element in HCT-116 colon cancer cells to promote cap-independent translation. Using tobramycin-affinity RNA-pulldown assays coupled with identification via mass spectrometry, we identified several CK1α 5′-UTR-binding proteins, including SFPQ. We show that RNA interference targeting SFPQ reduced CK1α protein abundance and partially blocked RAS-mutant colon cancer cell growth. Importantly, transcript and protein levels of SFPQ and other CK1α 5′-UTR-associated RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are found to be elevated in early stages of RAS-mutant cancers, including colorectal and lung adenocarcinoma. Taken together, our study uncovers a previously unappreciated role of RBPs in promoting RAS-mutant cancer cell growth and their potential to serve as promising biomarkers as well as tractable therapeutic targets in cancers driven by oncogenic RAS.
P44 Rapidly progressive cutaneous ulceration in a toddler
Authors: Vardhan Yerram Keerthi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction/Background
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare ulcerative inflammatory cutaneous condition of unknown aetiology which is uncommon in childhood. Only 4% of reported cases occur in individuals younger than 15. The initial lesion in PG is commonly a painful hemorrhagic nodule or pustule that rapidly progresses into a large necrotic boggy ulcer that may resolve with cribriform scars. About 50% of patients with PG are associated with an underlying systemic disease, including inflammatory bowel disease, hematologic malignancies disease, and arthritis. It may occur in the context of classic syndromes like PAPA.

Description/Method
A 3-year-old male child was admitted to the Rheumatology ward with fever and generalized ulcers for two months. The ulcers started as multiple small pustules over the buttock, bilateral thigh, and extensor aspect of upper limbs and evolved into large ulcers within two months. Ulcers were round to oval in shape with irregular margins, undermined edges and violaceous borders. He also developed similar ulcers at intravenous cannula sites over the dorsum of hands suggesting the pathergy phenomenon. Laboratory reports suggested increased inflammatory markers. Skin biopsy showed dense dermal neutrophilic infiltration without vasculitis, suggesting pyoderma gangrenosum. Bacterial fungal and tubercular cultures from the biopsy tissue were normal. Bone marrow examination ruled out hematopoietic malignancy. Colonoscopy was normal ruling out subclinical IBD. Whole exome sequencing for auto inflammatory panel didn’t reveal any pathogenic variant. Diagnosis was considered as childhood-onset idiopathic pyoderma gangrenosum. The child was started on steroids along with cyclosporine, ulcers slowly started to heal over a period of two months and started to recur on the buttocks at sites of minor trauma.

Discussion/Results
The most common underlying etiologies in pediatric PG are IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), hematologic malignancies, immune deficiencies, vasculitis, PAPA syndrome (pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne), SAPHO syndrome (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis), and as well as PASH (pyoderma gangrenousm, acne and hidradenitis suppurevitiva). Idiopathic cases account for 49% of cases. Adult PG, most commonly occurs in lower limbs, but lesions in pediatric PG are multiple and disseminated without any specific location. Cyclosporine, Methotrexate, Mycophenolate mofetil, and cyclophosphamide can be used as steroid-sparing agents.TNF inhibitors and Anakinra can be used as biological agents.

Key learning points/Conclusion
Pediatric PG can be misdiagnosed due to its rarity and atypical presentation; a thorough clinically oriented workup is mandatory to make the correct diagnosis and choose the appropriate treatment. Treating a resistant PG can be challenging. Further growth in the field of genomic sequencing paves the way for a new diagnosis.
P61 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine safety in adolescents with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases and adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: data from the EULAR COVAX physician-reported registry
Authors: Lawson-Tovey Saskia , Machado Pedro , Strangfeld Anja , Mateus Elsa , Gossec Laure , Carmona Loreto , Raffeiner Bernd , Bulina Inita , Clemente Daniel , Zepa Julija , Rodrigues Ana , Mariette Xavier , Hyrich Kimme 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction/Background
There is a lack of data on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination safety in children and young people (CYP) with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) as they were excluded from initial vaccine trials. Vaccination guidance is based on data from adults with or CYP without RMDs.

Description/Method
Our objective was to describe the safety of SARS-COV-2 vaccination in adolescents with inflammatory RMDs and adults with JIA. We described patient characteristics, flares, and adverse events in adolescent cases under 18 with inflammatory RMDs and adult cases aged 18 or above with JIA submitted to the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) COVAX registry.

Discussion/Results
Thirty-six adolescent cases were reported from 4 countries, mostly female (58%) with JIA (42%: 28% non-systemic JIA, 14% systemic JIA) and a median age of 15 [IQR: 14.5, 17]. Most were in remission (64%) or had minimal (22%) disease activity at the time of vaccination. Over half of the adolescent group (56%) reported early reactogenic-like AEs. One mild polyarthralgia flare and one serious AE of special interest (malaise) were reported. No CYP reported SARS-CoV-2 infection post-vaccination. No cases of paediatric inflammatory multi-system syndrome or myocarditis adverse events were reported.
Seventy-four adult JIA cases were reported from 11 countries; 73% were female with a median age of 26 [IQR: 23, 31]. Eight-five percent had ns-JIA and 15% had s-JIA. Almost two thirds (62%) reported early reactogenic-like AEs and two flares were reported (mild polyarthralgia and moderate uveitis). No serious AEs of special interest were reported among adults with JIA. Three 20-30 year old females were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 post-vaccination; all fully recovered.

Key learning points/Conclusion
In this observational registry dataset, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines appeared safe in adolescents with RMDs and adults with JIA, with a low frequency of disease flares, serious AEs, and SARS-CoV-2 re-infection seen in both populations.
A Simplified Approach to Jaw-in-a-Day Using a Preassembled Prosthesis: Lowering the Barrier to Entry
Authors: Tso Theodore V. , Do Nicholas , Park Sohyun S. , Burris Briana , Crum Eric 
Published: September 2022

Summary:
Fibula flap reconstruction with primary dental implant placement has been established as a successful procedure for composite mandibular defects. When using virtual surgical planning, these techniques typically require additional personnel and materials preoperatively and intraoperatively to fabricate occlusal-based guidance and prosthesis. The authors present a technique utilizing a custom-made implant-supported prosthesis completed before surgery that greatly reduces lead time and needed resources. The authors follow the established workflow of segmental mandibulectomy and fibula flap reconstruction using premanufactured cutting guides and placement of dental implants. Cylindrical holes along the implant axes are included in the printed surgical model provided by the guide manufacturer. Acrylic resin and abutments are added to the model to a positioning stent for use during surgery that does not require intraoperative modification before fibula inset. This ensures optimal position for facial esthetics and fixed dental rehabilitation. The presented technique uses printed models already provided by the guide manufacturer, reducing preparation time and requiring fewer personnel and materials intraoperatively. This is an approach to the jaw-in-a-day procedure with a lower barrier to entry that may be used by new craniofacial teams.
Asystole Due to Oculocardiac Reflex during Surgical Repair of an Orbital Blowout Fracture
Authors: Toyohara Yoshihiro , Mito Nanako , Nakagawa Shiho , Yoshimura Kotaro , Sunaga Ataru 
Published: September 2022

Summary:
Bradycardia and asystole due to oculocardiac reflex (OCR) are potential intraoperative complications of periocular surgery. We report a case of asystole due to OCR that occurred during surgical repair performed 40 hours after an orbital blowout fracture. The patient had vomiting, bradycardia, and ocular motility disorder before the operation. During the operation, asystole occurred when the entrapped tissue was grasped with forceps. After administration of anticholinergic drugs, the heart promptly resumed beating, and no sequelae due to asystole were observed after surgery. Before and during periocular surgery, it is important for the surgeon to maintain a protective surgical procedure and communicate appropriately with the anesthesiologist, including discussion of risks and emergency measures. In addition, prolonged entrapment of the extraocular muscles is likely to cause irreversible damage, so it is important to make a diagnosis and perform surgery as soon as possible.
The gut virome in health and disease: new insights and associations
Authors: Shareefdeen Hiba , Hill Colin 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
Recent years have seen great strides made in the field of viral metagenomics. Many studies have reported alterations in the virome in different disease states. The vast majority of the human intestinal virome consists of bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria. The dynamic relationship between gut bacterial populations and bacteriophages is influenced by environmental factors that also impact host health and disease. In this review, we focus on studies highlighting the dynamics of the gut virome and fluctuations associated with disease states.

Recent findings
Novel correlations have been identified between the human gut virome and diseases such as obesity, necrotizing enterocolitis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Further associations between the virome and cognition, diet and geography highlight the complexity of factors that can influence the dynamic relationship between gut bacteria, bacteriophages and health.

Summary
Here, we highlight some novel associations between the virome and health that will be the foundation for future studies in this field. The future development of microbiome-based interventions, identification of biomarkers, and novel therapeutics will require a thorough understanding of the gut virome and its dynamics.
Considerations when starting patients on multiple biologics and small molecules
Authors: Vuyyuru Sudheer K. , Kedia Saurabh , Ahuja Vineet 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex disease that poses significant economic, and psychological burden on patients. Despite advent of newer biologics and small molecules targeting different aspects of immunopathogenesis, there appears to be a plateau in clinical outcomes. In this review we discuss the role of multiple biologics, existing evidence and various considerations when prescribing multiple biologics.

Recent findings
Recent scientific advances helped to unravel the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease and newer cytokines have been identified which can be potential targets in the management of IBD. Targeting more than one cytokine appears to be logical solution to break the therapeutic ceiling to improve clinical outcomes in IBD. The combination biologics appear safe and effective; however, the available evidence is limited. Refractory IBD, presence of other immune mediated inflammatory diseases and extra intestinal manifestations are currently the common considerations of combination biologics in IBD.

Summary
Inflammatory bowel disease is a complex immune mediated disease with diverse clinical presentation and often has a complicated clinical course requiring multidisciplinary management. As the number of targeted therapies increases so does the concern on their safety and efficacy. Combination biologics though may appear to be safe, we need well designed prospective studies for firm conclusions.
Cellular Senescence in Aging, Tissue Repair, and Regeneration
Authors: Shvedova Maria , Samdavid Thanapaul Rex Jeya Rajkumar , Thompson Elizabeth L. , Niedernhofer Laura J. , Roh Daniel S. 
Published: September 2022

Summary:Society and our healthcare system are facing unprecedented challenges due to the expansion of the older population. As plastic surgeons, we can improve care of our older patients through understanding the mechanisms of aging that inevitably impact their outcomes and well-being. One of the major hallmarks of aging, cellular senescence, has recently become the focus of vigorous research in academia and industry. Senescent cells, which are metabolically active but in a state of stable cell cycle arrest, are implicated in causing aging and numerous age-related diseases. Further characterization of the biology of senescence revealed that it can be both detrimental and beneficial to organisms depending on tissue context and senescence chronicity. Here, we review the role of cellular senescence in aging, wound healing, tissue regeneration, and other domains relevant to plastic surgery. We also review the current state of research on therapeutics that modulate senescence to improve conditions of aging.
Aging, Skeletal Muscle, and Epigenetics
Authors: Stewart Claire E. , Sharples Adam P. 
Published: September 2022

Summary:
We are living in an aging society. In 2019, 1 billion individuals were already aged over 60. The number of people in this demographic is predicted to reach 1.4 billion by 2030 and 2.1 billion by 2050 (WHO). In the USA, individuals over 65 represent the fastest growing segment of the population (US census bureau). Similar trends are seen in the UK, with 16.2 million people already aged over 60, equivalent to 24% of the total population (Age UK; https://www.ageuk.org.uk/globalassets/age-uk/documents/reports-and-publications/later_life_uk_factsheet.pdf). Indeed, in the UK, people over the age of 60 outnumbered those under the age of 18, for the first time in 2008. This statistic still prevails today. Because of medical and biopharmaceutical progress, lifespan is increasing rapidly, but healthspan is failing to keep up. If we are to increase healthy living, then we need to begin to understand the mechanisms of how we age across the life course, so that relevant interventions may be developed to facilitate “life in our years,” not simply “years in our life.” It is reported that only 25% of aging is genetically predetermined. This fits with observations of some families aging very quickly and poorly and others aging slowly and well. If this is indeed the case and the rate of aging is not fixed, then this knowledge provides a significant opportunity to manipulate the impact of environmental influencers of age. With that in mind, it begs the question of what are the mechanisms of aging and is there potential to manipulate this process on an individual-by-individual basis? The focus of this article will be on the process of muscle wasting with aging (sarcopenia) and the potential of exercise and its underlying mechanisms to reverse or delay sarcopenia. There will be a focus on epigenetics in muscle wasting and the capability of exercise to change our skeletal muscle epigenetic profile for the good. The article ends with considerations relating to facial aging, Botox treatment, and gene editing as a tool for plastic surgeons in the future.
Self-management plan of chronic disease among inpatients admitted to a Portuguese Endocrinology unit: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Neves Teresa Margarida Almeida , Marques António Manuel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Globally, there is an increasing incidence of chronic diseases, particularly, diabetes. Patient engagement in disease self-management is essential to improve outcomes and reduce consumption of health resources. Despite investment in this area, there is a need to improve nursing care practices.

Aims:
To increase compliance of Endocrinology nurses with best practice in promoting self-management of diabetes by patients.

Methods:
The project was conducted in an Endocrinology unit of a Portuguese central hospital. It was based on the JBI's model approach, considering three phases: baseline audit, strategy design and implementation, and follow-up audit. For the audits, 11 criteria were considered. The sample was composed of patients (15 in the baseline; 30 at the follow-up audit), and nurses (15 in both audits).

Results:
The baseline audit showed that there was poor compliance in some criteria. Four barriers were identified and the strategies/resources to mitigate them. There was improvement in all audit criteria as the project developed (100% compliance in seven criteria; two criteria increased from 0 to 100%).

Conclusion:
The evidence-based implementation project improved nursing practices for self-management planning of the person with diabetes. The adequacy of the strategies developed should be highlighted, namely the training and reflection on practices. The creation of the standardized discharge procedure has also improved compliance (criteria 7–10). The culture of patient-centred care, the desire to provide quality care, the involvement of the nurse manager, informal leaders, and the support office for information and documentation systems in nursing were facilitators in this process.