bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postharvest Conservation of 'Thomson' Pitaya [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton and Rose] as a Function of Storage Temperature
Authors: Gularte Paulo Sérgio , Zanardi Odimar Zanuzo , Miqueloto Tiago , De Martin Mariuccia Schlichting , Fabiane Keli Cristina , Grutzmann Arcari Stefany , Miqueloto Zanardi Aquidauna 
Published: April 2022

Aims: The aim of this work was to evaluate the physico-chemical and biochemical attributes and the postharvest conservation of 'Thomson' [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton and Rose] under different storage temperature during storage.
Study Design: The experimental design used was completely randomized with three treatments and four replications of four fruits/repetition.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out with 'Thomson' pitaya harvested in an organic orchard located in the municipality of São Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina, Brazil, during the 2018/2019 harvest.
Methodology: The storage temperature treatments evaluated after postharvest were 23°C, 9°C and 4°C. The storage of the fruits was carried out in chambers with biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The fruits were evaluated at different dates (7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days) during storage.
Results: At 7 days of storage, the fruits stored at 23 °C showed higher values ​​of mass loss, lipid peroxidation, pulp browning and activity of peroxidase (POX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes, as well as reductions in soluble solids contents (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and pulp firmness. At 14 and 21 days, storage at 9°C showed reductions in lipid peroxidation and pulp browning, as well as higher vitamin C contents and lighter and more intense skin color. Also, at 21 days, the fruits stored at 9°C showed higher values ​​of SS, AT and pulp firmness, and reductions in mass loss and in the activity of POX and APX enzymes.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the storage of 'Thomson' pitayas at 23 °C provides a short postharvest period and early senescence of the fruits, while the temperature of 9 ºC increases the shelf life of the fruits and proves to be quite efficient in the conservation of the attributes of quality. The storage at 4°C is not recommended due to high internal browning, oxidative stress and loss of quality attributes.
Reducing Valence States of Co Active Sites in a Single‐Atom Nanozyme for Boosted Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Yan , Lu Lilin , Ma Qian , Feng Ruxin , Xu Suying , James Tony D. , Wang Leyu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe construction of biocompatible and trackable‐imaging single‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) with efficient catalytic activities is particularly desirable. Here, cobalt/titanium oxide (Co/TiO2) SAzymes are presented with cobalt atomically dispersed on nanoporous hollow TiO2 using a cation‐exchange strategy. Significantly, by varying the calcination conditions, the enzyme‐like activity can be enhanced tenfold. It is determined that different calcination treatments result in valence state shifts of the Co active site due to changes in the amounts of defects, which affects the catalytic kinetics. Moreover, Co/TiO2 SAzymes exhibit good intrinsic biocompatibility and excellent tolerance toward the biological medium, while the hollow structure facilitates the loading of drugs and imaging agents for image‐guided chemo‐chemodynamic therapy via intravenous injection. This study not only provides a paradigm shift for the preparation of biocompatible SAzymes but also presents new insights for modulating the catalytic activity of SAzymes.
The content expert program: A structured approach to increase emergency medicine resident scholarly activity
Authors: Schreyer Kraftin E. , del Portal Daniel A. , Blome Andrea , DeAngelis Michael , Ufberg Jacob W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires residents to participate in scholarship and requires residency programs to provide an environment within which residents can acquire skills related to scholarly activities. However, consensus on the definition of scholarship and structure of program environments does not yet exist. We designed and implemented a content expert program (CEP) in 2015, in which each resident worked with a faculty advisor to develop a longitudinal scholarly activity linked to a core area of practice and, in doing so, became the department's “content expert.” We hypothesized that the CEP would significantly increase the number of scholarly outputs per resident.MethodsThe CEP was structured around an oversight committee composed of key faculty members, which guided development of CEP projects through regular meetings and formative feedback. Each resident generated one or more scholarly outputs from their content area. Outputs were categorized into educational, operational, research, and miscellaneous domains and further identified as intradepartmental, interdepartmental, or interdisciplinary collaborations. The number of outputs was compared to the baseline number of scholarly activities per resident at the study program using a Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsA total of 187 scholarly outputs were generated by 76 residents, which equated to 31.2 outputs per year, or 2.5 outputs per resident. This was a significant increase compared to the program baseline of one output per resident (p = 0.003). Eighteen distinct types of outputs spanned four major categories. Of the outputs, 37 were interdepartmental, 42 were interdisciplinary, and 32 were intradepartmental.ConclusionsThe CEP proved to be a sustainable way to significantly increase scholarly activity and additionally improved collaborative efforts. With the appropriate structure and willing faculty in place, such a program can enhance the practical education provided by residency programs.
Eine vielseitige synthetische Affinitätssonde zur hochaufgelösten Visualisierung hemmender Synapsen und neuronaler Netzwerke**
Authors: Khayenko Vladimir , Schulte Clemens , Reis Sara L. , Avraham Orly , Schietroma Cataldo , Worschech Rafael , Nordblom Noah F. , Kachler Sonja , Villmann Carmen , Heinze Katrin G. , Schlosser Andreas , Schueler‐Furman Ora , Tovote Philip , Specht Christian G. , Maric Hans M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDie Visualisierung von inhibitorischen Synapsen erfordert auf Sondentypen und das jeweilige bildgebende Verfahren abgestimmte Protokolle und beruht in der Regel auf genetischer Manipulation oder der Verwendung von Antikörpern, die bei Gewebefärbungen unter ihrer geringen Eindringtiefe leiden. Abgestimmt auf das Gephyrin Protein, einem universellen Marker der inhibitorischen Synapse, haben wir eine kompakte, hochaffine und hochselektive peptid‐basierte Sonde entwickelt. Durch Anpassung der multivalenten Architektur und des Farbstoffs haben wir “Sylites” erhalten; eine Sonde die Färbungen mit hervorragendem Signal‐zu‐Hintergrund‐Verhältnis ermöglicht, und die Antikörper bei der Anwendung im Gewebe aufgrund von schneller und effizienter Penetration, Minderung von Färbeartefakten und vereinfachter Handhabung deutlich übertrifft. In hochauflösenden Mikroskopieverfahren lokalisiert Sylite präzise die hemmende Synapse und ermöglicht so Messungen im Nanometermaßstab. Darüber hinaus zeigen wir, dass Sylite mit viralen Färbemethoden kombinierbar ist und dass auf diese Weise nicht nur die synaptische Konnektivität, sondern auch die Identität und Größe der hemmenden Postsynapsen aufgelöst werden kann.
Fibrous Nanoreactors from Microfluidic Blow Spinning for Mass Production of Highly Stable Ligand‐Free Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Cheng Rui , Liang Zhi‐Bin , Zhu Liangliang , Li Hao , Zhang Yi , Wang Cai‐Feng , Chen Su 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNano‐/micro‐reactors have emerged as a powerful platform for chemical synthesis. Here, we develop fiber‐spinning chemistry (FSC) based on a microfluidic blow spinning (MBS) technique, allowing the availability of nanoreactors for chemical synthesis with scale‐up capacities. Proof‐of‐concept experiments focus on the utilization of MBS‐derived fibrous nanoreactors for large‐scale production of ligand‐free perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) in one step. Typically, methylammonium lead halide (MAPbX3, X=Cl, Br, and I) PQDs in situ synthesized at large scale inside polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber films (size 120 cm ×30 cm per hour), exhibit high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of 71 %, tunable emissive peaks (448–600 nm), and superb PL stability. The PQDs/polymer nanofiber films are potentially useful for CO2 conversion, wide‐color‐gamut displays and light‐emitting diode (LED) devices. These findings may guide the development of nano‐/micro‐reactor technology for scale‐up production of nanomaterials with various potential applications.
Platin‐katalysierte Hydrofluorierung von Alkinen: Steuerung der Reaktivität von Fluoridionen durch Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen zu Indolylphosphan‐Liganden
Authors: Sander Stefan , Braun Thomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDie Reaktion der Platin‐Komplexecis‐[Pt(CH3)2{R2P(Ind)}2] (Ind=2‐(3‐methyl)indolyl, R=Ph (1 a), 4‐FC6H4(1 b), 4‐CF3C6H4(1 c)) mit HF führte zur Bildung der Poly(hydrogenfluorid)fluorido‐Komplexetrans‐[Pt(F(HF)2)(CH3){R2P(Ind)}2]2 a–c, welche durch Umsetzung mit CsF in die HF freien Komplexetrans‐[Pt(F)(CH3){R2P(Ind)}2] (3 a–c) überführt werden können. Durch Zugabe von 3‐Hexin zu2 a–cbildeten sich die Alkin‐Komplexetrans‐[Pt(C,C‐η2‐C2H5C≡CC2H5)(CH3){R2P(Ind)}2{F(HF)2}] (4 a–c), bei denen der Fluorido‐Ligand nunmehr als ein F(HF)2−‐Ion vorliegt, welches durch Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen zu den Indolylphosphan‐Liganden in der äußeren Koordinationssphäre stabilisiert wird. Beim Erhitzen einer Reaktionslösung von4 ain Anwesenheit von PVPHF erfolgte die Bildung des (Z)‐Fluoralkens aus dem metallgebundenen Alkin. Hierauf aufbauend wurden katalytische Hydrofluorierungsreaktionen zur selektiven Darstellung von (Z)‐Fluoralkenen aus Alkinen entwickelt. Es zeigte sich, dass die in der äußeren Koordinationssphäre vorhandenen Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen zum F(HF)2−‐Ion den Fluorierungsschritt begünstigen. Dies konnte durch Reaktivitätsstudien mit Komplexen ohne Indolylgruppen am Phosphan‐Liganden untermauert werden.
A Versatile Synthetic Affinity Probe Reveals Inhibitory Synapse Ultrastructure and Brain Connectivity**
Authors: Khayenko Vladimir , Schulte Clemens , Reis Sara L. , Avraham Orly , Schietroma Cataldo , Worschech Rafael , Nordblom Noah F. , Kachler Sonja , Villmann Carmen , Heinze Katrin G. , Schlosser Andreas , Schueler‐Furman Ora , Tovote Philip , Specht Christian G. , Maric Hans M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVisualization of inhibitory synapses requires protocol tailoring for different sample types and imaging techniques, and usually relies on genetic manipulation or the use of antibodies that underperform in tissue immunofluorescence. Starting from an endogenous ligand of gephyrin, a universal marker of the inhibitory synapse, we developed a short peptidic binder and dimerized it, significantly increasing affinity and selectivity. We further tailored fluorophores to the binder, yielding “Sylite”—a probe with outstanding signal‐to‐background ratio that outperforms antibodies in tissue staining with rapid and efficient penetration, mitigation of staining artifacts, and simplified handling. In super‐resolution microscopy Sylite precisely localizes the inhibitory synapse and enables nanoscale measurements. Sylite profiles inhibitory inputs and synapse sizes of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the midbrain and combined with complimentary tracing techniques reveals the synaptic connectivity.
Four‐in‐One Stimulus‐Responsive Long‐Lived Luminescent Systems Based on Pyrene‐Doped Amorphous Polymers
Authors: Wang Zhonghao , Gao Liang , Zheng Yan , Zhu Yinyin , Zhang Yongfeng , Zheng Xian , Wang Chang , Li Youbing , Zhao Yanli , Yang Chaolong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMaterials exhibiting ultralong luminescent lifetime show promising applications in the fields of information encryption, sensing, and bioimaging. Herein, we present a low‐cost and general strategy to achieve stimulus‐responsive ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) based on pyrene chromophores doped into polymer matrices. The UOP of the resulted systems presents radiation‐, concentration‐, time‐, and excitation‐dependent characteristics. The UOP color can be turned from blue to red by changing the excitation wavelength or the concentration of chromophores. Experimental results prove that these characteristics are attributed to the consumption of triplet oxygen and the different aggregation states of chromophores in the polymer matrices. Finally, we demonstrate that these systems could be applied for multilevel information encryption. This work would promote further development of multi‐responsive long‐lived luminescent materials.
Platinum‐Catalyzed Hydrofluorination of Alkynes: Hydrogen Bonding to Indolylphosphine Ligands to Provide Fluoride Reactivity
Authors: Sander Stefan , Braun Thomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe reaction of the Pt complexescis‐[Pt(CH3)2{R2P(Ind)}2] (Ind=2‐(3‐methyl)indolyl, R=Ph (1 a), 4‐FC6H4(1 b), 4‐CF3C6H4(1 c)) with HF afforded the fluorido complexestrans‐[Pt(F(HF)2)(CH3){R2P(Ind)}2]2 a–c, which can be converted intotrans‐[Pt(F)(CH3){R2P(Ind)}2] (3 a–c) by treatment with CsF. Addition of 3‐hexyne to2 a–cgave alkyne complexestrans‐[Pt(C,C‐η2‐C2H5C≡CC2H5)(CH3){R2P(Ind)}2{F(HF)2}] (4 a–c) at which a fluoride is stabilised as polyfluoride in the coordination sphere by hydrogen bonding to the indolyl‐substituted phosphine ligands. Subsequent heating of a solution of4 ain the presence of PVPHF led to fluoroalkene formation. Selective catalytic hydrofluorination of alkynes to yield (Z)‐fluoroalkenes were developed. The ability of hydrogen bonding to polyfluoride favours the fluorination step as demonstrated by studies with complexes bearing no indolyl groups at the phosphine ligands.
Hinter den Kulissen
Authors: Rettinger Martin , Guhathakurta Jajnabalkya , Gänz Peter , Simon Sven , Schlaich Mike 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDie industrielle Computertomographie (CT) ermöglicht den Blick „hinter die Kulissen“ von erhärteten Betonbauteilen und liefert hochpräzise Messdaten aus dem Bauteilinneren. Unter der Voraussetzung der Verfügbarkeit eines für das Bauteil geeigneten Computertomographen kann so eine Vielzahl von Informationen erfasst werden, die zuvor meist nur durch eine Bauteilöffnung/‐zerstörung zugänglich war. Diese Informationen, wie z. B. die genaue Bewehrungslage oder die lokale Häufung von Lufteinschlüssen im Beton, sind relevant für die Qualität von Betonfertigteilen und können in einem Qualitätssicherungssystem im Betonfertigteilwerk gewinnbringend eingesetzt werden. Besonders im Rahmen der Automatisierung und Digitalisierung der Betonfertigteilherstellung birgt eine in den Fließfertigungsprozess integrierte CT‐Qualitätsüberwachung ein großes Potenzial. Auf diese Weise können beispielsweise Segmentfertigteilbrücken hergestellt werden, bei denen die einzeln qualitätsgeprüften Fertigteilsegmente später auf der Baustelle durch Vorspannung und mithilfe von verzahnten Kontaktfugen zu Brücken verbunden werden. Mit den durch CT erfassten Informationen ist es möglich, schwankende, bislang durch die Teilsicherheitsbeiwerte abgedeckte Parameter genau zu analysieren und somit das Sicherheitskonzept für Beton neu zu denken. Durch die Kontrolle von streuenden Parametern und die darauffolgende Reduktion von sicherheitsbedingtem Materialverbrauch kann ein wertvoller Beitrag zum Klimaschutz und zur Schonung von natürlichen Ressourcen geleistet werden.
Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty using veno‐arterial loop and neuro‐embolic protection for mitral stenosis with thrombus
Authors: Hou Shiqiang , Pan Wenzhi , Zhou Daxin , Ge Junbo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPercutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) is not traditionally suitable for patients with mitral stenosis (MS) and left atrium (LA) thrombus. Moreover, PBMV cannot be performed in patients with LA thrombus not resolving after anti‐coagulation treatment. Here we present a case of PBMV using a novel technique employing both a veno‐arterial loop and neuro‐embolic protection, in a patient with MS and LA thrombus resistant to warfarin therapy. The patient successfully underwent PBMV without any complications.
Reactivity of Xantphos‐Type Rhodium Complexes Towards SF4: SF3 Versus SF2 Complex Generation
Authors: Wozniak Martin , Sander Stefan , Cula Beatrice , Ahrens Mike , Braun Thomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractS−F‐bond activation of sulfur tetrafluoride at [Rh(Cl)(tBuxanPOP)] (1; tBuxanPOP=9,9‐dimethyl‐4,5‐bis‐(di‐tert‐butylphosphino)‐xanthene) led to the formation of the cationic complex [Rh(F)(Cl)(SF2)(tBuxanPOP)][SF5] (2 a) together with trans‐[Rh(Cl)(F)2(tBuxanPOP)] (3) and cis‐[Rh(Cl)2(F)(tBuxanPOP)] (4) which both could also be obtained by the reaction of SF5Cl with 1. In contrast to that, the conversion of SF4 at the methyl complex [Rh(Me)(tBuxanPOP)] (5) gave the isolable and room‐temperature stable cationic λ4‐trifluorosulfanyl complex [Rh(Me)(SF3)(tBuxanPOP)][SF5] (6). Treatment of 6 with the Lewis acids BF3 or AsF5 produced the dicationic difluorosulfanyl complex [Rh(Me)(SF2)(tBuxanPOP)][BF4]2 (8 a) or [Rh(Me)(SF2)(tBuxanPOP)][AsF6]2 (8 b), respectively. Refluorination of 8 a was possible with the use of dimethylamine giving [Rh(Me)(SF3)(tBuxanPOP)][BF4] (9). A reaction of 6 with trichloroisocyanuric acid (TClCA) gave the fluorido complex [Rh(F)(Cl)(SF2)(tBuxanPOP)][Cl] (2 b) together with chloromethane and SF5Cl.
C−X Bond Activation by Palladium: Steric Shielding versus Steric Attraction
Authors: Hansen Thomas , Sun Xiaobo , Dalla Tiezza Marco , van Zeist Willem‐Jan , van Stralen Joost N. P. , Geerke Daan P. , Wolters Lando P. , Poater Jordi , Hamlin Trevor A. , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe C−X bond activation (X = H, C) of a series of substituted C(n°)−H and C(n°)−C(m°) bonds with C(n°) and C(m°) = H3C− (methyl, 0°), CH3H2C− (primary, 1°), (CH3)2HC− (secondary, 2°), (CH3)3C− (tertiary, 3°) by palladium were investigated using relativistic dispersion‐corrected density functional theory at ZORA‐BLYP‐D3(BJ)/TZ2P. The effect of the stepwise introduction of substituents was pinpointed at the C−X bond on the bond activation process. The C(n°)−X bonds become substantially weaker going from C(0°)−X, to C(1°)−X, to C(2°)−X, to C(3°)−X because of the increasing steric repulsion between the C(n°)‐ and X‐group. Interestingly, this often does not lead to a lower barrier for the C(n°)−X bond activation. The C−H activation barrier, for example, decreases from C(0°)−X, to C(1°)−X, to C(2°)−X and then increases again for the very crowded C(3°)−X bond. For the more congested C−C bond, in contrast, the activation barrier always increases as the degree of substitution is increased. Our activation strain and matching energy decomposition analyses reveal that these differences in C−H and C−C bond activation can be traced back to the opposing interplay between steric repulsion across the C−X bond versus that between the catalyst and substrate.
Common measures or common metrics? A plea to harmonize measurement results
Authors: de Beurs Edwin , Boehnke Jan R. , Fried Eiko I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere is a great variety of measurement instruments to assess similar constructs in clinical research and practice. This complicates the interpretation of test results and hampers the implementation of measurement‐based care.MethodFor reporting and discussing test results with patients, we suggest converting test results into universally applicable common metrics. Two well‐established metrics are reviewed: T scores and percentile ranks. Their calculation is explained, their merits and drawbacks are discussed, and recommendations for the most convenient reference group are provided.ResultsWe propose to express test results as T scores with the general population as reference group. To elucidate test results to patients, T scores may be supplemented with percentile ranks, based on data from a clinical sample. The practical benefits are demonstrated using the published data of four frequently used instruments for measuring depression: the CES‐D, PHQ‐9, BDI‐II and the PROMIS depression measure.DiscussionRecent initiatives have proposed to mandate a limited set of outcome measures to harmonize clinical measurement. However, the selected instruments are not without flaws and, potentially, this directive may hamper future instrument development. We recommend using common metrics as an alternative approach to harmonize test results in clinical practice, as this will facilitate the integration of measures in day‐to‐day practice.
A tunable ⵣ‐shaped microstrip leaky wave antenna based on liquid crystal
Authors: Al Soad Odai Hassan Raheem , Fu Jiahui , Wu Qun 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThis article presents an electrically tunable dual‐beam ⵣ‐shaped microstrip leaky wave antenna (MLWA) based on liquid crystal (LC). A new ⵣ‐shaped microstrip component (Berber's alphabet: pronounced |z|) is proposed as a single unit‐cell to achieve a dual‐beam radiation pattern with adjustable dual‐beam angles controlled by the ⵣ‐shaped length‐to‐width ratio. The dual‐beam radiation pattern of ⵣ‐shaped microstrip is theoretically derived. The tunable dual‐beam scanning is achieved using a nematic liquid crystal (N‐LC). An AC voltage controls the permittivity of N‐LC applied on the inverted radiating metal. The orientation angle of the N‐LC molecules is also determined theoretically. Besides, the MLWA is rearranged due to the meandering configuration of its microstrip transmission lines, which reduces the antenna's size. As a result, this antenna has a symmetrical dual‐beam at a pointing angle of ±37° in the YZ‐plane. Furthermore, the proposed MLWA is tuned up to 25° at a fixed frequency in XZ‐plane directions by applied AC voltage from 0 to 20 V, which changes the permittivity of the N‐LC from 2.47 to 3.25, respectively. Meanwhile, the MLWA has a realized gain of up to 7.5 dB and a beam scanning range of 40° in the XZ‐plane for all operating frequencies. Finally, the proposed antenna can be suitable for satellite and radar communication systems.
Evaluation of 6‐Halogenated 2‐Pyridone Moieties as Halogen Bond Donors
Authors: Voelkel Martin H. H. , Engelage Elric , Kondratiuk Mykhailo , Huber Stefan M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract6‐Halo‐2‐pyridones and their pyridol tautomers show different grades of polarization on their halogen substituents in DFT calculations. This and the fact that the tautomeric equilibrium is affected by the surrounding medium make them interesting candidates for a new platform of halogen bond donors. We therefore probed four simple halopyridones for their halogen bonding properties both in the solid state and in solution. Concurring with hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding indeed is found to be an interaction governing the packing motif in pyridone crystals, which is more pronounced in N‐methylated congeners. Solution studies using a halide abstraction reaction, and NMR titrations against bromide salts, however, showed no clear evidence for halogen bonding in solution.