bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulated formyl peptide receptor 2 expression in the epileptogenic foci of patients with focal cortical dysplasia type IIb and tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Huang Kaixuan , Wang Zhongke , He Zeng , Li Yang , Li Shujing , Shen Kaifeng , Zhu Gang , Liu Zhonghong , Lv Shengqing , Zhang Chunqing , Yang Hui , Yang Xiaolin , Liu Shiyong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFocal cortical dysplasia type IIb (FCDIIb) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) show persistent neuroinflammation, which promotes epileptogenesis and epilepsy progression, suggesting that endogenous resolution of inflammation is inadequate to relieve neuronal network hyperexcitability. To explore the potential roles of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), which is a key regulator of inflammation resolution, in epilepsy caused by FCDIIb and TSC, we examined the expression and cellular distribution of FPR2.MethodThe expression of FPR2 and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway was examined by real‐time PCR, western blots, and analyzed via one‐way analysis of variance. The distribution of FPR2 was detected using immunostaining. The expression of resolvin D1 (RvD1, the endogenous ligand of FPR2) was observed via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson's correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between the expression levels of FPR2 and RvD1 and the clinical variants.ResultsThe expression of FPR2 was significantly lower in FCDIIb (p = .0146) and TSC (p = .0006) cortical lesions than in controls, as was the expression of RvD1 (FCDIIb: p = .00431; TSC: p = .0439). Weak FPR2 immunoreactivity was observed in dysmorphic neurons (DNs), balloon cells (BCs), and giant cells (GCs) in FCDIIb and TSC tissues. Moreover, FPR2 was mainly distributed in dysplastic neurons; it was sparse in microglia and nearly absent in astrocytes. The NF‐κB pathway was significantly activated in patients with FCDIIb and TSC, and the protein level of NF‐κB was negatively correlated with the protein level of FPR2 (FCDIIb: p = .00395; TSC: p = .0399). In addition, the protein level of FPR2 was negatively correlated with seizure frequency in FCDIIb (p = .0434) and TSC (p = .0351) patients.ConclusionIn summary, these results showed that the expression and specific distribution of FPR2 may be involved in epilepsy caused by FCDIIb and TSC, indicating that downregulation of FPR2 mediated the dysfunction of neuroinflammation resolution in FCDIIb and TSC.
Dexamethasone and potassium canrenoate alleviate hyperalgesia by competitively regulating IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway during inflammatory pain in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Liu Jie , Xie Xiaolan , Qin Kai , Xu Le , Peng Juxiang , Li Xiangyu , Li Xiongjuan , Liu Zhiheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDexamethasone (Dexa) and potassium canrenoate (Cane) modulate nociceptive behavior via glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) by two mechanisms (genomic and nongenomic pathways). This study was designed to investigate the Dexa‐ or Cane‐mediated nongenomic and genomic effects on mechanical nociception and inflammation‐induced changes in interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) mediated signaling pathway in rats.MethodsFreund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was used to trigger an inflammation of the right hind paw in male Sprague–Dawley rats. First, the mechanical nociceptive behavioral changes were examined following intraplantar administration of GR agonist Dexa and/or MR antagonist Cane in vivo. Subsequently, the protein levels of IL‐6, IL‐6Rα, JAK2, pJAK2, STAT3, pSTAT3Ser727, migration inhibitory factor, and cyclooxygenase‐2 were assessed by Western blot following intraplantar injection of Dexa or Cane or the combination. Moreover, the molecular docking studies determined the interaction between Dexa, Cane, and IL‐6. The competition binding assay was carried out using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).ResultsAdministration of Dexa and Cane dose‐dependently attenuated FCA‐induced inflammatory pain. The sub‐additive effect of Dexa/Cane combination was elucidated by isobologram analysis, accompanied by decrease in the spinal levels of IL‐6, pJAK2, and pSTAT3Ser727. The molecular docking study demonstrated that both Dexa and Cane displayed a firm interaction with THR138 binding site of IL‐6 via a strong hydrogen bond. ELISA revealed that Dexa has a higher affinity to IL‐6 than Cane.ConclusionsThere was no additive or negative effect of Dexa and Cane, and they modulate the IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway through competitive binding with IL‐6 and relieves hypersensitivity during inflammatory pain.
DOS strategy, crystal structure, and in silico evaluation of the anti‐inflammatory activity of hydroxysulfanylazole derivatives
Authors: Akhmadiev Nail , Mescheryakova Ekaterina , Khayrullina Veronica , Khalilov Leonard , Akhmetova Vnira 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe developed a DOS approach to the synthesis of hydroxysulfanylazole derivatives (12 examples) using diversification with various N,N‐ and N,O‐binucleophilic reagents of the carbonyl groups of hydroxysulfanyl diketones (6 examples) obtained by the piperidine‐catalyzed thiomethylation reaction involving the С(α)‐Н position of 2,4‐pentanedione with aromatic aldehydes and 2‐mercaptoethanol. X‐ray diffraction analysis was used to determine the structures and crystal packing for three hydroxysulfanylpyrazoles. The calculation of the intermolecular interactions in the crystals (analysis of Hirshfeld surfaces) demonstrated the influence of the substituent nature on the contribution of the H…O/O…H contacts. Using molecular docking studies, justified assumptions were made about the complementarity of the obtained series of compounds to the active sites of COX isoforms.
Plasma SNORD42B and SNORD111 as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Kangyu , Song Xingguo , Wang Shiwen , Li Xinyi , Zhang Zhijun , Xie Li , Song Xianrang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundNon‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still occupied the leading reason of cancer death due to lack of availability of early detection. This study aimed to identify the effective biomarkers for the early‐stage NSCLC diagnostics based on plasma snoRNAs.Materials and MethodsThe differential snoRNAs between lung cancer patients and healthy donors were analyzed using the SNORic and TCGA databases. SNORD42B and SNORD111 were screened out and further verified in 48 FFPE NSCLC and adjacent normal tissues, as well as in plasma from 165 NSCLC patients and 118 health donors using qRT‐PCR. Next, their diagnostic efficiency, as well as combined with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), was obtained by the analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC).ResultsWe first screened out 47 top differential snoRNAs, among which the top 10 upregulated snoRNAs in LUAD were U44, U75, U78, U77, SNORD72, SNORD13, SNORD12B, SCARNA5, U80, SNORD41, and in LUSC were U44, U75, U78, SNORD41, SNORD111, SNORA56, U17a, SNORD35A, SNORD32A, SNORA71D. SNORD42B and SNORD111 was significantly increased not only in tumor tissues but also in plasma from NSCLC and early‐stage NSCLC patients. They were capable to act as promising biomarkers for NSCLC and early‐stage NSCLC diagnosis. Moreover, CEA diagnostic efficiency for early‐stage NSCLC was significantly improved when combined with these two plasma snoRNAs.ConclusionSNORD42B and SNORD111 could act as the potential and non‐invasive diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC and early‐stage NSCLC.
Diagnostic performance of gray‐scale ultrasound and shear wave elastography in assessing salivary gland involvement in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Özer Halil , Tezcan Dilek , Hakbilen Selda , Gülcemal Semral , Topaloğlu Ömer Faruk , Yazol Merve , Yılmaz Sema 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the diagnostic performance of gray‐scale ultrasound (US) and shear wave elastography (SWE) for determining salivary gland involvement primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).MethodsIn this prospective study, the salivary glands of 72 healthy volunteers and 74 participants with pSS were examined by two blinded radiologists with consensus using gray‐scale US and SWE. SWE parameters were compared between groups. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of gray‐scale US and SWE was analyzed. The correlation between SWE and clinical findings was investigated.ResultThe SWE parameters of the parotid and submandibular glands were significantly higher in the pSS group, but did not differ significantly based on serologic assays, Schirmer test, minor salivary gland biopsy, and comorbidities. The AUC values for gray‐scale US of the salivary glands were significantly lower than the AUC values for SWE. The elasticity modulus (kPa) of parotid gland had the highest AUC value (0.937; 95% CI, 0.901–0.973), with a sensitivity of 93.2% and a specificity of 83.3%. SWE had no correlation with age, disease duration, laboratory values, or disease activity.ConclusionSWE provides excellent diagnostic performance for submandibular and parotid gland involvement in pSS and can be used to complement gray‐scale US.
Development of electrostatic‐induced charge detector for multiturn time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer
Authors: Bajo Ken‐ichi , Aoki Jun , Ishihara Morio , Furuya Shizuho , Nishimura Masahiro , Yoshitake Miwa , Yurimoto Hisayoshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe developed an autocorrelation function to resolve the overtaking problem in a multiturn time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer (TOF–MS). The function analyzes the characteristic period for one lap of each ion packet and derives a mass spectrum from a signal pulse train composed of multiturn ion packets. To detect the ion pulse train, a new nondestructive ion detector was developed and installed in the multiturn orbit of MULTUM‐S II. This detector is composed of an electrostatically induced charge detector, a preamplifier, and a digitizer. The electrostatic noises are smaller than the single‐ion signals owing to the accumulation of the multiturn TOF spectrum. The conventional ion detector of TOF–MS is operated after collecting the signal pulse train. The multiturn TOF spectrum was convolved with an autocorrelation function to derive the mass spectrum. The convolved mass spectrum performed a mass resolving power (MRP) of 28,200 at m/z 69 and mass accuracy of 28 ppm for the perfluorotributylamine (PFTBA) gas sample.
Why do we need interdisciplinary cooperation with anthropologists and archaeologists in soil science?
Authors: Teuber Sandra , Bartelheim Martin , Hardenberg Roland , Knopf Monica , Knopf Thomas , Kühn Peter , Schade Tobias , Schmidt Karsten , Scholten Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLooking at soils from the perspective of an environmental scientist or agronomist might neglect various dimensions of valuation that can be attributed to soils. Especially social and cultural connoted values including ecosystem services cannot always be measured in terms of scientific values or classified as soil types or soil qualities in a modern, economic way.Even though soils are a fact and have been present on the Earth's surface and used by people, at least for food production, at different times and in different cultures, the ways of dealing with soils and the valuations of soils are extremely diverse. Researchers in anthropology, archaeology, and agriculture, for example, are investigating different perspectives like soils as common good or as private property. This concerns not only different knowledge orders about soils, but also beliefs, techniques, foodways, practices, and power relations concerning soils and cereal cultivation.Based on the example of agriculture with a focus on cereal cultivation, we argue that there is still a great need for interdisciplinarity between the sciences and humanities. However, there is also a need to distinguish and explain between fundamental interdisciplinary research and application of findings in a socio‐economic context. It is necessary to understand different knowledge orders and valuations in time or space and to reevaluate today's perspectives on soils and agriculture for facing modern problems such as soil degradation, erosion, salinization, and an overall loss of soil fertility.
Determination of carbonate content in barite ore by headspace gas chromatography
Authors: Liu Xue‐Yan , Li Wei , Yu Kang , Fan Zhi‐Yu , Luo Bin , Nie Deng‐Pan , Luo Ying‐Chun , Dai Yi , Wang Hao 
Published: October 2022

This paper reports a method for determining the carbonate content in barite ore using headspace gas chromatography. Based on the acidification reaction, the carbonate in the barite ore was converted to CO2 in a closed headspace vial. When the carbonate content was significant, the pressure caused changes in the CO2 and O2 signals and affected the measurement accuracy. It was found that carbonate content is proportional to the intensity ratio of the CO2 to O2 signals. Thus, the carbonate content in barite ore can be measured indirectly using a theoretical model. The results showed that the carbonate in 3 g of barite ore sample with a particle size of 74 μm could react completely with a hydrochloric acid solution (2 mol/L) at 65°C for 5 min. The method described herein had good precision (relative standard deviation < 4.14%) and accuracy (relative differences < 6.12%). Further, the limit of quantification was 0.07 mol/L. Owing to its simplicity and speed, this method can be used for the batch determination of carbonate content in barite ore.
Preoperative perforator localization in anterolateral thigh free flap using acoustic doppler and computed tomography angiography
Authors: Kim Sungryeal , Lee Hye Ran , Yun Ju Hyun , Yang Jisun , Jang Jeon Yeob , Shin Yoo Seob , Kim Chul‐Ho 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesOur aim in this study was to investigate if we could predict perforator localization during ALTF elevation, using information from acoustic Doppler (AD) and computed tomography angiography (CTA).MethodsProspective observational data were collected from H&N cancer patients who received reconstruction with ALTF in Ajou University Hospital Cancer Center from June to December, 2021. Total of 21 cases were included in the analysis. Lower extremity angio‐CT scans were used to determine the course and depth of the perforator before surgery. During intraoperative design of the ALTF, the possible location of the perforator was identified by AD. After flap elevation, the distance between the actual and Doppler‐identified location of the perforator was measured.ResultsThe average distance from the actual location to the Doppler‐identified location was 1.29 ± 1.26 cm. Among 21 cases, almost all perforators (20 cases) were identified in a circle with a radius equivalent to the depth of the perforator. Perforator depth measured by CTA showed a significant positive correlation with the distance from the actual to Doppler‐identified location, regardless of skin thickness or body mass index (BMI).ConclusionsA circle with a radius equivalent to the CTA‐assessed depth of the perforator successfully predicted the location of the perforator in almost all cases. Depth of the perforator measured by CTA combined with Doppler‐identified location can help safely locate the perforator during ALTF harvesting.Level of Evidence: 4.
Recycling Tetrafluoroethylene–Perfluoroalkyl Vinylether Copolymer (PFA) Using Extrusion Process
Authors: Romoaldo Carlos Henrique , Francisquetti Edson Luiz , Simon Douglas Alexandre , Ernze Juliano Roberto , Bischoff Eveline 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTetrafluoroethylene–perfluoroalkyl vinylether copolymer (PFA) has a broad application ranging from biomedical and aerospace to corroding environments in the chemical industry. Despite a low share in end‐of‐life products, PFA processing can produce up to 30% of waste. Thus, understanding how recycled fluorinated polymers affect product performance is crucial to ensure primary recycling, besides economic and environmental reasons. In this paper, the utilization feasibility of PFA waste materials is investigated, i.e., recycled PFA (PFAr) in closed‐loop recycling. The effect of PFAr loading (5–100 wt.%) on the thermal, mechanical, rheological, and color properties and chemical resistance are studied. Thermal properties and chemical resistance showed no significant changes in all ranges of PFAr content tested. The addition of higher loads of PFAr (≥50 wt.%) leads to a reduction in mechanical properties, particularly stress‐strength analysis and elongation at break. However, elastic modulus and hardness have improved concurrently with an increase in the degree of crystallinity. The decrease in complex viscosity and yellowing of the samples occurred probably induced by a polymer chain degradation. Despite that, the addition of up to 10 wt.% of PFAr proved to be an effective alternative to reusing PFA residues based on mechanical recycling.
In Situ Incorporation of Liquid Polysulfide Oligomer Modified MoS2 into Polysulfide Rubber (PSR) as Solid Crosslinker with Greatly Improved Dispersion Ability and Interfacial Interaction
Authors: Yin Yuanyuan , Zhang Chen , Li Xilian , Zeng Shaohua , Xu Ying , Nie Wangyan , Zhou Yifeng , Chen Pengpeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolysulfide rubber (PSR) is a versatile sealing material, but suffers from poor mechanical properties, which can be solved by increasing the crosslinking density and introducing fillers. In this study, functionalized molybdenum disulfide (MMoS2) by in situ incorporation with different thiol‐containing compounds is obtained. On the basis of the optimum content of 0.5 wt.%, the performance of MMoS2/PSR is systematically studied. The results show that the interfacial interaction between MMoS2 and the matrix is improved. In particular, PSR reinforced by MoS2 modified with polysulfide oligomer (MoS2‐LPO) behaves the most excellently. Its solvent resistance and crosslink density are also improved by 14.2% and 39.4%, respectively. The storage modulus of MoS2‐LPO/PSR is 394% higher than that of the unmodified one. This is attributed to the MoS2‐LPO playing the role of filler and large‐sized solid crosslinker at the same time. Through broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), it is determined that MoS2‐LPO/PSR has the longest relaxation time due to the stronger interfacial interaction. In order to understand the effect of interfacial interaction between MoS2 and PSR on the properties of the composites more clearly, MoS2 modified with other functional groups are also discussed.
Facile Fabrication of PEDOT:PSS‐Based Free‐Standing Conducting Film for Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Wu Xianrui , Huang Sanqing , Hu Lin , Jiang Yue , Cui Xihua , Wu Yan , Nie Shisong , Jin Yingzhi , Su Zhen , Song Jiaxing , Yin Xinxing , Xu Zhiguang , Li Zaifang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the growing popularity of portable and wearable smart electronics, the electromagnetic shielding materials with high shielding effectiveness (SE) as well as light weight and excellent mechanical strength are in high. In this work, the PEDOT:PSS‐based free‐standing conducting film with superior conductivity and mechanical strength is prepared through a facile fabrication. The cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are first introduced to induce an orderly grow and stack of the PEDOT grains. A phosphoric acid immersion process is then employed to remove the insulating CNF and PSS in the film. The obtained free‐standing conducting film shows a record conductivity of 3508 S cm−1 and its elongation at break reaches 3.75%. Encouragingly, the film delivers an excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding behavior with a SE of 49 dB in the X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz) at a thickness of 4 µm. The superior conductivity, mechanical strength, and high SE as well as its facile solution processability make this free‐standing conducting film to be an attractive EMI material for portable and wearable smart electronics.
Fluorescent Mechanism and Optical Switching of Fluorophore‐Free Organogel
Authors: Liang Shumin , Zhang Lidong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFluorophore is essential to enable the fluorescence and optical switching in most of polymer gels. Herein, a novel concept is proposed to develop a fluorophore‐free organogel that is capable of generation of blue fluorescence at transparent state, while it proceeds with optical switching from blue to purple upon phase transition into non‐transparent state in water. Ammonium persulphate (APS) is utilized to initiate co‐crosslinking of hydrophilic acrylamide (AM) and hydrophobic 2,2,3,4,4,4‐hexafluorobutyl acrylate (HFBA) in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) to give organogel of AM@HFBA at 80 °C. APS decomposes to generate not only radicals, but also ammonium bisulfate (ABS) during heating, in which the elements of ABS produce blue fluorescence (λ = 440 nm), excited by UV light (λ = 365 nm). After the phase transition into non‐transparent state, light‐reflection behavior at the phase‐transitioned surface triggers the optical switching of the organogel from blue to purple under UV light. The optical switching is patternable and reversible, which enables the applications of organogel of AM@HFBA for information encoding/encryption and optical‐switchable soft actuators. This method is universal to achieve fluorescence and optical switching for free radical polymerization‐based gel systems as long as they are initiated by APS in DMSO.
Sodium Danshensu mediates human T lymphocyte activation via NF‐κB and MAPK pathway regulation
Authors: Chen Yanan , Tian Rongrong , Xue Jin , Yu Jie , Wang Hui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSodium Danshensu (SDSS), a vital constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, reportedly protects the myocardium and inhibits platelet aggregation, while displaying antiatherosclerotic, hypolipidemic, and anti‐inflammatory properties. In the research, the immune regulatory influences and mechanisms of SDSS on the T lymphocytes in the human peripheral blood were investigated. The results showed that administering specific SDSS doses enhanced T lymphocyte growth, while distinctly promoting their tumor cell cytotoxicity. However, SDSS showed no effect on the proliferation of A549, HCT116, and K562 cancer cells. The gene expression of the IFN‐γ, IL‐4, IL‐2, and IL‐6 cytokines secreted by T cells was positively regulated. Furthermore, SDSS dose‐dependently facilitated phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase (p‐ERK) as well as phosphorylated c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (p‐JNK) protein expression, increased IKKβ and Ikappa B kinase α (IKKα) protein expression and decreased the nuclear factor kappa‐B kinase α (IκBα) inhibitor; negatively regulated p‐p65 protein expression in the cytoplasm, and positively in the nucleus. In addition, blockage of protein expression with specific ERK, JNK, or IκBα inhibitors significantly restricted the T lymphocyte growth induced by SDSS, identifying the specific regulatory influence of SDSS on T lymphocytes via the signaling pathways involving nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK). In conclusion, SDSS can explicitly encourage T lymphocyte propagation in the peripheral blood of humans, while enhancing their cytotoxicity by activating the pathways involving NF‐κB and MAPK.