bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Neural Network Model to Predict Production Rate of Electrical Submersible Pump Wells
Authors: Sabaa Ahmed , Abu El Ela Mahmoud , El-Banbi Ahmed H. , Sayyouh Mohamed H. M. 
Published: September 2022

Summary
Production data are essential for designing and operating electrical submersible pump (ESP) systems. This study aims to develop artificial neural network (ANN) models to predict flow rates of ESP artificially lifted wells. The ANN models were developed using 31,652 data points randomly split into 80% (25,744 data points) for training and 20% (5,625 data points) for testing. Each data set included measurements for wellhead parameters, fluid properties, ESP downhole sensor measurements, and variable speed drive (VSD) sensors parameters. The models consisted of four separate neural networks to predict oil, water, gas, and liquid flow rates. Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the optimum number of input parameters that can be used in the model. The best performance was achieved with ANN models of 16 input parameters that are readily available in ESP wells.
The results of the best ANN configuration indicate that the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) between the predicted flow rates and the actual measurements for the testing data points of the oil, water, gas, and liquid networks is 3.7, 5.2, 6.4, and 4.1%, respectively. In addition, the correlation coefficients (R2) are 0.991, 0.992, 0.983, and 0.979 for the estimated oil, water, gas, and liquid flow rates for the testing data points, respectively. The performance of the ANN models was compared against performance of published physics-based models and the results were comparable. Unlike the physics-based methods, the ANN models have the advantage that they do not require periodic calibration. The ANN models were used to predict the flow rate curves of an oilwell in the Western Desert of Egypt. The results were compared to the actual separator test data. It was clear that the model results matched the actual test data.
The ANN model is useful for predicting individual well production rates within wide variety of pumping conditions and completion configurations. This should allow for continuous monitoring, optimization, and performance analysis of ESP wells as well as quicker response to operational issues. In comparison to traditional separators and multiphase flowmeters (MPFMs), the use of the developed ANN models is simple, quick, and inexpensive.
Effects of dietary supplementation with prebiotics and Pediococcus acidilactici on gut health, transcriptome, microbiome, and metabolome in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) after seawater transfer
Authors: Dhanasiri Anusha K. S. , Jaramillo-Torres Alexander , Chikwati Elvis M. , Forberg Torunn , Krogdahl Åshild , Kortner Trond M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Given the importance of gut microbiota for health, growth and performance of the host, the aquaculture industry has taken measures to develop functional fish feeds aiming at modulating gut microbiota and inducing the anticipated beneficial effects. However, present understanding of the impact of such functional feeds on the fish is limited. The study reported herein was conducted to gain knowledge on performance and gut health characteristics in post-smolt Atlantic salmon fed diets varying in content of functional ingredients. Three experimental diets, a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), a diet with a combination of FOS and Pediococcus acidilactici (BC) and a diet containing galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and BC, were used in a 10-weeks feeding trial. A commercial diet without functional ingredients was also included as a control/reference. Samples of blood plasma, mucosa and digesta were subjected to microbiome, transcriptome and metabolome profiling for evaluation of the diet effects.
Results
No significant growth differences were observed between fish fed the supplemented diets, but FOS-BC fed fish showed significantly faster growth than the control fed fish. The microbiome results showed that the BC was present in both the digesta, and the mucosa samples of fish fed the FOS-BC and GOS-BC diets. Digesta-associated microbiota was altered, while mucosa-associated microbiota was relatively unaffected by diet. Replacing FOS with GOS increased the level of metabolites linked to phospholipid, fatty acid, carnitine and sphingolipid metabolism. Variation in metabolite levels between the treatments closely correlated with genera mainly belonging to Firmicutes and Actinobacteria phyla. The transcriptome analyses indicated diet effects of exchanging FOS with GOS on immune functions, oxidative defense and stress responses. No significant diet effect was observed on intestinal inflammation in the pyloric ceca or in the distal intestine, and no steatosis was observed in the pyloric ceaca.
Conclusions
Dietary supplementation with BC induced moderate effects on the microbiota of the digesta, while the effects of replacing FOS with GOS were more marked and was observed also for nutrient metabolism. Our data indicates therefore that the quality of a prebiotic may be of great importance for the effects of a probiotic on gut microbiota, function, and health.
Are nutrients or salinity the drivers of macroinvertebrate community composition in wetlands of the desert Southwest?
Authors: Piña Anna Elisa , Lougheed Vanessa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The relatively rare freshwater ecosystems in the arid southwestern United States serve as biodiversity hotspots, yet they remain among the most threatened systems in the world due to human impacts and climate change. Globally, arid region wetlands remain understudied with respect to their ecology, making assessments of quality or restoration efforts challenging. To address these needs, this project aims to better understand the factors that drive water quality and macroinvertebrate community composition of wetlands of the US desert Southwest. Water quality and macroinvertebrate data were collected over three years from 14 different wetland and riparian sites spanning across West Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that salinity related variables such as chloride, sulfate and conductivity were the greatest drivers of environmental variance (32%) among sampled desert wetlands. Nutrients such as nitrate and phosphate described a second axis, with 22% of variation in environmental data explained, where we found a clear distinction between wastewater and non-wastewater wetlands. Nutrients were shown to have the greatest impact on macroinvertebrate communities with wetlands receiving wastewater showing more uneven distribution of functional feeding groups and lower Simpson Index scores. These sites were dominated by filter feeders and had lower relative abundances of predator and collector-gatherer taxa. There was also a significant decrease in metrics related to diversity and environmental sensitivity such as % Ephemeroptera-Odonata-Tricoptera (EOT) within high nutrient sites. Increased salinity levels were also shown to correlate with lower Simpson Index scores indicating that increased salinity resulted in a decline in macroinvertebrate diversity and evenness. To enhance the water quality and diversity in their sites, we suggest that managers of these valuable created habitats that are fed with wastewater might try to find less nutrient-rich water sources, or dilute effluent with another water source such as groundwater. Overall, the nutrients within effluent water have shown to significantly alter community composition especially in desert wetlands where macroinvertebrates may be more adapted to salinity. Though macroinvertebrate communities in wastewater sites may not fully resemble those of natural wetlands over time, creation of these sites can still benefit landscape level diversity.
A post-market Cluster Randomized Controlled trial of the effect of the TENA SmartCare Change IndicatorTM on urinary continence care efficiency and skin health in older nursing home residents
Authors: Omotunde Muyibat , Agholme Fredrik , Böhling Arne , Huige Nicole , Schweigel Hardy , Hayder-Beichel Daniela , Reidy Robert , Wagg Adrian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background

Urinary continence care for residents of nursing homes who are unable to communicate their toileting needs usually involves care aides manually checking continence products (pads) to determine the level of urine saturation prior to changing. The TENA SmartCare Change Indicator is a medical device which estimates urine saturation and notifies caregivers of the optimal time for pad changes. This study will seek to examine the effect of the TENA SmartCare Change Indicator on urinary continence care efficiency and skin health, in comparison to usual care.

Methods

This cluster randomized controlled trial (NCT05247047) involving older nursing home residents with urinary incontinence unable to consistently indicate their toileting needs, and their care aides, will compare technology-based and usual continence care over a period of eight weeks. Co primary endpoints of superiority in continence care efficiency and non-inferiority in maintenance of skin health will be assessed. Secondary outcomes will examine resident quality of life, sleep quality, responsive behaviors, changes in pad use and leakage episodes outside the pad. Change in care aide work engagement, job satisfaction and rushed tasks will be assessed. Benefits and challenges with the use of the device for continence care will be identified from the perspectives of the care staff.

Discussion

Urinary continence assessment and care in nursing homes is reported as suboptimal and threatening to dignity. Data on the utility and effect of technological solutions for improving urinary continence care are few and conflicting. If shown effective, this technological solution has the potential to improve the care for older residents and improve the working lives of caregiving staff who look after this most vulnerable section of the population.
Trial Registration: (NCT05247047)
Climatology and significant trends in maximum, minimum and average air temperatures in Alagoas, Northeast Brazil
Authors: Silva Josiel dos Santos , Júnior Jório Bezerra Cabral , Rodrigues Daniele Torres 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The increase in air temperature can generate several environmental and socioeconomic impacts, so the main objective of this study was to characterize the monthly and annual profiles of maximum, minimum and average air temperatures and to identify whether there are significant trends in the time series of each, for the state of Alagoas, Brazil. For this, monthly data on maximum and minimum air temperatures (1980 to 2013) were used for 98 of the 102 municipalities in Alagoas. With the data in hand, the average air temperature was calculated and cluster analysis was applied to determine homogeneous sub-regions of the average air temperature. Trend analyzes were verified using nonparametric Mann-Kendall (sign of trend), Sen (magnitude of trend) and Pettitt (beginning of trend) tests. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to verify differences between the decennial averages air temperatures. The statistical significance adopted was 5%. The results showed that the state of Alagoas has four sub-regions with homogeneous characteristics according to average air temperature. Sub-region 4 (S4), located in the Sertão (scrubland region) of Alagoas, had the highest average, maximum and minimum air temperatures, monthly and annually. Annually, significantly increasing trends were observed at 5% in the four sub-regions, with emphasis on S4, with increases above 1.0°C/décade in average, maximum and minimum temperatures. It is noteworthy that throughout the state of Alagoas, a significant trend of increase in the average air temperature was identified during the 34 years analyzed, highlighting the possible impacts of climate change.
Barriers and Facilitators of Managing Opioid Use Disorder in Primary Care and the Potential of Using a Software-based Measurement-Based Care Program: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Cruz Adriane M. dela , Karns-Wright Tara , Kahalnik Farra , Walker Robrina , Lanham Holly J. , Potter Jennifer Sharpe , Trivedi Madhukar H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a deadly disease that remains undertreated, despite effective pharmacological treatments. Barriers, such as stigma and affordability, and a lack of training and prescribing within medical practices result in low access to treatment. Software-delivered measurement-based care (MBC) is one way to increase treatment access. MBC uses systematic participant symptom assessments to inform an algorithm to provide support for physicians at critical decision points. Method: A qualitative study using focus groups of faculty clinicians (N = 33) from 3 clinics were conducted to understand perceptions of OUD diagnosis and treatment and whether a computerized MBC model might assist with diagnosis and treatment. Themes from the transcribed focus groups were identified in two phases: 1) content analysis focused on uncovering general themes; and 2) systematic coding and interpretation of the data. Results: Analysis revealed six major themes utilized to develop the coding terms: “perceptions of opioid use,” “current practices with patients using prescribed or illicit opioids or other drugs,” “attitudes and feelings about providing screening or treatment for OUD in your practice,” “perceived resources needed for treating OUD,” “primary care physician role in patient care not specific to OUD,” and “reactions to implementation of proposed clinical decision support tool.” Conclusion: Results revealed systemic and attitudinal barriers for screening, diagnosing, and treating OUD that could be alleviated with the implementation of a software-based MBC program. Providers tended to view the software-based MBC program favorably, indicating that it may be a solution to increasing accessibility to OUD treatment.
Development of laparoscopic skills in skills-naïve trainees using self-directed learning with take-home laparoscopic trainer boxes
Authors: Crihfield Eric , Uppalapati Pooja , Abittan Baruch , Laibangyang Anya , Brahmbhatt Sonam , Burlingame Madeleine , Goldberg Gary , Rabin Jill 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Simulation training is an essential part of laparoscopic skills development, but financial and time barriers limit their use. Take home laparoscopic trainer boxes with self-directed learning offer a potential solution. We evaluated the utility of this strategy in the development of laparoscopic skills in medical students and surgically naive postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) obstetrics and gynecology (OB/Gyn) residents.
Methods
74 medical students and beginning PGY1 OB/Gyn residents performed a laparoscopic peg transfer task. This was done with only task instructions and no additional training. Initial tasks were recorded and scored by task completion time with dropped peg time penalties. The participants took home a laparoscopic trainer box for 3 weeks to practice without guidance and returned to perform the same task for a second/final score. Initial and final scores were compared for improvement. This improvement was compared to practice and variables such as demographics, surgical interest, comfort with laparoscopy, and past experiences.
Results
Mean peg transfer task scores improved from 287 seconds to 193 seconds (p < 0.001). Score improvement showed a positive correlation with number of home practice sessions with a linear regression R2 of 0.134 (p = 0.001). More practice resulted in larger increases in comfort levels, and higher comfort levels correlated with better final task scores with a linear regression R2 of 0.152 (p < 0.001). Medical students interested in surgery had less practice sessions (p = 0.496), however interest in a surgical specialty had no impact on final scores or improvement. Playing a musical instrument and having two or more dexterity-based hobbies was associated with a better baseline score (p = 0.032 and p = 0.033 respectively), but no difference in the final scores or score improvement. No other past experiences impacted scores.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that the use of home laparoscopic box trainers can develop laparoscopic skills in surgical novices even without formal guidance or curriculum.
Myeloid mechano-metabolic programming restricts anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Tharp Kevin , Kersten Kelly , Maller Ori , Timblin Greg , Stashko Connor , Hayward Mary-Kate , Berestjuk Ilona , Hoeve-Scott Johanna ten , Samad Bushra , Combes Alexis , Weaver Valerie , Krummel Matthew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Tumor progression is accompanied by fibrosis, which is associated with diminished anti-tumor immune infiltrate. Here, we demonstrate that tumor infiltrating myeloid cells respond to the stiffened fibrotic tumor microenvironment (TME) by initiating a TGF-beta (TGFβ)-directed, collagen biosynthesis program. A collateral effect of this programming is an untenable metabolic milieu for productive CD8 T cell anti-tumor responses, as collagen-synthesizing macrophages consume environmental arginine, synthesize proline, and secrete ornithine that compromises CD8+ T cell function. Thus, a stiff and fibrotic TME may impede anti-tumor immunity not only by direct physical exclusion of CD8+ T cells, but also via secondary effects of a myeloid mechano-metabolic programming we identified that creates an inhospitable metabolic milieu for CD8+ T cells.
P- element Induced Wimpy Testis (PIWI), a Potential Candidate Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hammad Gehan , Mamdouh Samah , Seoudi Dina Mohamed , Seleem Mohamed Ismail , Safwat Gehan , Mohamed Rania Hassan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
P-Element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI) proteins are engaged in epigenetic regulation of gene expression in germline cells when they are in combination with PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA). Different types of tumour cells have been found to exhibit abnormal expression of piRNA and PIWI proteins. HCC is majorly associated with lower survival rates. Thus, there is an urgent need for improve less invasive diagnostic methods. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic potential by determining the expression profiles of PIWI-like protein-1, -2, -3, & -4 (PIWIL1, PIWIL2, PIWIL3, & PIWIL4) in hepatocellular carcinoma, and determine its association with clinicopathological features. Methods: Samples from patients comprising serum and frozen fragments of paired tissue specimens (tumour and adjacent non-malignant liver tissue) were employed for molecular analyses. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed on 50 tissue and serum samples from HCC patients and 25 serum samples from healthy controls. Results: Expression levels were significantly higher in both HCC tissue and serum samples than in the controls (p<0.001). Additionally, the diagnostic performance was assessed by ROC curves, the PIWIL1-4 levels in serum showed better potential and sensitivity to screen HCC patients than their levels in tissues. Moreover, some PIWIL elements were found here to be significantly correlated with the HCC profile. Conclusion: PIWI expression could be considered to be associated with HCC progression, and could be a tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC, additionally, it could represent a possible therapeutic target.
Investigation of trace element accumulation in Cockscomb (Celosia argentea Linn) grown in soil amended with chicken manure via some pollution indices
Authors: Oguntade Oladele Abdulahi , Yisa Nosiru Monday , Olagunju Solomon Oladimeji , Joda Abiodun Oladipupo , Adewusi Kayode Matthew , Olayiwola Richard Oluseyi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Trace elements such as Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu) and Manganese (Mn) in chicken manure can contaminate soil and bioaccumulate in edible tissues of plant resulting in food chain contamination. This study investigated the influence of chicken manure on trace element load of soil and accumulation in tissues ofCelosia argentea. Potted soil, 5kg each was amended with either conventional chicken manure (CCM) or local chicken manure (LCM) at rates of 4, 6, 8, and 10 t ha− 1and compared with control soil (no amendment). Treatments were replicated trice in a Completely Randomized Design. Results showed that soil trace element pollution increased with rates of amendments. Pollution indices; contamination factor, degree of contamination, elemental pollution index, pollution load index and total contamination factor were significantly (p ≤ 0.001) higher in soil amended with CCM than LCM. Bioaccumulation coefficients (BAC), bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and transfer factor (TF) of trace elements were higher in tissues of celosia grown with CCM than LCM. Contamination factor and PLI contributed most (92.7%) to soil’s effective CEC. Above 4 t ha− 1, growth and yield were not significantly influenced by amendments. Root to shoot translocation of trace element was restricted by amendments. Potential risks of Cu and Mn accumulation in edible shoot of celosia are eminent above 6 t ha− 1of the amendments.
Quality of Recovery after day care surgery with app controlled Remote Monitoring: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Thiel Bram , Godfried Marc , Emst Maaike van , Vernooij Lisette , Vliet Liesbeth van , Rumke Eva , Gerrits Will , Dongen Robert van , Koopman Seppe , Kalkman Cor 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: The majority of surgical interventions are performed in day care and patients are discharged after the first critical postoperative period. At home, patients have limited options to contact healthcare providers in the hospital in case of severe pain and nausea. A smartphone application for patients to self-record pain and nausea when at home after day care surgery might improve patient’s recovery. Currently patient experiences with smartphone applications are promising; however, we do not know whether remote monitoring with such an application also improves the patient’s recovery. This study aims to evaluate the experienced quality of recovery after day care surgery between patients provided with the smartphone application for remote monitoring and patients receiving standard care without remote monitoring.Methods: This non-blinded randomized controlled trial with mixed methods design will include 310 adult patients scheduled for day care surgery. The intervention group receives the smartphone application with text message function for remote monitoring that enables patients to record pain and nausea. An anesthesia professional trained in empathetic communication, who will contact the patient in case of severe pain or nausea, performs daily monitoring. The control group receives standard care, with post-discharge verbal and paper instructions. The main study endpoint is the difference in perceived quality of recovery, measured with the QoR-15 questionnaire on the 7th day after day care surgery. Secondary endpoints are the overall score on the Quality of Recovery-15 at day 1, 4 and 7-post discharge, the perceived quality of hospital aftercare and experienced psychological effects of remote monitoring during postoperative recovery from day care surgery. Discussion: This study will investigate if facilitating patients and healthcare professionals with a tool for accessible and empathetic communication might lead to an improved quality of the postoperative recovery period. Trial registration: The ‘Quality of Recovery after day care surgery with app controlled Remote Monitoring: a randomized controlled trial’ is approved and registered on 23-2-2022 by Research Ethics Committees United with registration number R21.076 / NL78144.100.21. The protocol NL78144.100.21, Quality of Recovery after Day Care Surgery with App Controlled Remote Monitoring: a Randomized Controlled Trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov public website (registration date 16-2-2022; NCT05244772)