bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal care practice and associated factors among mothers of infants 0–6 months old in North Shewa zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Kumera , Bekele Firomsa , Mekonnen Mathewos , Jemal Kemal , Fekadu Ginenus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWorldwide, the magnitudes of neonatal mortality are estimated to be about 3 million due to insufficient care. The burden of neonatal mortality is high in Ethiopia as compared to high and middle-income countries. The study aimed to assess the neonatal care practice and associated factors among mothers of infants 0–6 months old in Northern Shewa, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study design was undertaken on a mother living in the North Shewa zone from September 2019 to June 2020. Neonatal care practice was assessed by World Health Organization (WHO) minimum neonatal care package indicators. Over the study period, a total of 245 (62.0%) mothers had a good neonatal care practice. Being urban areas [AOR 5.508, 95% CI 2.170, 13.984], having ANC follow-up [AOR 3.042, 95% CI 1.031, 12.642], lack of adequate information [AOR 0.123, 95% CI 0.054, 0.282] and post-natal care (PNC) [AOR 5.779, 95% CI 2.315, 14.425] were predictors of good neonatal care practice. In our study, there was moderate neonatal care practice among mothers. Therefore, all elements of neonatal care packages should be studied at large.
Reconstruction of Iberian ceramic potteries using generative adversarial networks
Authors: Navarro Pablo , Cintas Celia , Lucena Manuel , Fuertes José Manuel , Segura Rafael , Delrieux Claudio , González-José Rolando 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeveral aspects of past culture, including historical trends, are inferred from time-based patterns observed in archaeological artifacts belonging to different periods. The presence and variation of these objects provides important clues about the Neolithic revolution and given their relative abundance in most archaeological sites, ceramic potteries are significantly helpful in this purpose. Nonetheless, most available pottery is fragmented, leading to missing morphological information. Currently, the reassembly of fragmented objects from a collection of thousands of mixed fragments is a daunting and time-consuming task done almost exclusively by hand, which requires the physical manipulation of the fragments. To overcome the challenges of manual reconstruction and improve the quality of reconstructed samples, we present IberianGAN, a customized Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) tested on an extensive database with complete and fragmented references. We trained the model with 1072 samples corresponding to Iberian wheel-made pottery profiles belonging to archaeological sites located in the upper valley of the Guadalquivir River (Spain). Furthermore, we provide quantitative and qualitative assessments to measure the quality of the reconstructed samples, along with domain expert evaluation with archaeologists. The resulting framework is a possible way to facilitate pottery reconstruction from partial fragments of an original piece.
Factors Affecting the Use of Speech Testing in Adult Audiology
Authors: Parmar Bhavisha J. , Rajasingam Saima L. , Bizley Jennifer K. , Vickers Deborah A. 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate hearing health care professionals' (HHPs) speech testing practices in routine adult audiology services and better understand the facilitators and barriers to speech testing provision.

Design:
A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted.

Study Sample:

A sample (
N
= 306) of HHPs from the public (64%) and private (36%) sectors in the United Kingdom completed the survey.

Results:
In the United Kingdom, speech testing practice varied significantly between health sectors. Speech testing was carried out during the audiology assessment by 73.4% of private sector HHPs and 20.4% of those from the public sector. During the hearing aid intervention stage, speech testing was carried out by 56.5% and 26.5% of HHPs from the private and public sectors, respectively. Recognized benefits of speech testing included (a) providing patients with relatable assessment information, (b) guiding hearing aid fitting, and (c) supporting a diagnostic test battery. A lack of clinical time was a key barrier to uptake.

Conclusions:
Use of speech testing varies in adult audiology. Results from this study found that the percentage of U.K. HHPs making use of speech tests was low compared to that of other countries. HHPs recognized different benefits of speech testing in audiology practice, but the barriers limiting uptake were often driven by factors derived from decision makers rather than clinical rationale. Privately funded HHPs used speech tests more frequently than those working in the public sector where time and resources are under greater pressure and governed by guidance that does not include a recommendation for speech testing. Therefore, the inclusion of speech testing in national clinical guidelines could increase the consistency of use and facilitate the comparison of practice trends across centers.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20044457
Safety and Performance of a New Burr Hole Covering Device: Results of the Multicenter COVER Registry
Authors: Asencio-Cortés Carlos , Villalba Gloria , De Vilalta Álex , Serrano Laura , Álvarez-Holzapfel María Jesús , Montes-Graciano Guillermo , Málaga Xavier , Muñoz-Hernandez Fernando , Gabarrós Andreu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Burr hole covering in brain surgical procedures can avoid complications and unaesthetic results. The aim of this registry was to assess the safety and performance of a new polymeric burr hole covering device (Cranial COVER, NEOS Surgery).
Methods A multicenter, prospective, clinical registry design was used for the study. All the patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study and followed up for 6 months. Baseline clinical parameters, surgical variables (technical success of the implantation, surgeon satisfaction), postoperative variables (aesthetic and functional results, neuroimaging artifacts), and adverse events were evaluated.
Results Forty-three Cranial COVER devices were implanted in 30 patients. Most of them were implanted in frontal locations (53.5%). After implantation, 97.7% of the devices completely covered the burr hole, and 100% perfectly adapted to the skull surface. All surgeons ranked their satisfaction with the implantation procedure as very high or high. No artifacts were detected in any of the neuroimaging studies performed and no adverse events related with the device or its implantation were reported during the follow-up. There were significantly more scalp depressions associated with uncovered than with Cranial COVER–covered burr holes (p = 0.040). Patient satisfaction with covered burr holes located in the frontal and parietal areas was 9.0 ± 1.4 over 10.
Conclusion Cranial COVER is a safe and reliable burr hole covering system that offers excellent cosmetic results and high satisfaction rates for both surgeons and patients. Cranial COVER is highly adaptable to the skull surface, and it was predominantly used in frontal locations due to their cosmetic importance.
Functional Browlifting
Authors: Dunn Brandyn S. , Humphrey Clinton D. , Kriet J. David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBrow ptosis is an abnormal descent of the eyebrow resulting in a displeased appearance and/or functional deficit. While most cases of brow ptosis do not result in a functional impairment, functional brow surgery is generally reserved for individuals with severe brow asymmetry or visual field deficit related to excess soft tissue pushing downward on the eyelid. A combination of both intrinsic and extrinsic anatomic factors contributes to an unfavorable brow shape, contour, and position. Proper management of brow ptosis requires an understanding of both surgical and nonsurgical modalities. Traditionally, individuals with functional brow ptosis are treated by browpexy via blepharoplasty approach, direct browlift, mid-forehead browlift, or less commonly endoscopic browlift.
Posterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy Associated with Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia
Authors: De la Red-Gallego M A , Barrera-Ochoa S. , Alvarez Mónica Fernández 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMultiple epiphyseal dysplasia is a condition that courses with a retarded epiphyseal development and may cause joint dysmorphia. We report a case of posterior interosseous nerve palsy in a child with dysplasia. After a physical examination and complementary diagnostic tests that revealed posterior interosseous nerve compression neuropathy, surgical neurolysis og the posterior interosseous nerve was performed at level of the the arcade of Frohse. The satisfactory evolution of the patient confirmed our diagnosis. Attention must be paid to the onset of signs or symptoms of nerve compression in these patients.
Treatment of Sagittal Plane Instability of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint through Volar Plate Repair
Authors: García Bernal Francisco Javier , Nevado Sánchez Endika 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncompetence of the volar plate of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint can cause instability in the sagittal plane, repetitive dorsal dislocations, pain, and functional disability. The authors herein present five cases of repeated dorsal dislocations of the PIP joint secondary to rupture and incompetence of the volar plate. The patients were aged between 17 and 45 years, and the time elapsed from injury to intervention ranged from 16 weeks to 14 years. Volar plate repair was possible in all cases, resulting in joint stabilization. The mean postoperative follow-up period was of 18 months. Of the five cases, the outcomes were excellent in three, good in one, and fair in one, according to the Catalano et al.2 criteria. Direct volar plate repair is a reliable technique to treat volar plate incompetence resulting in repeated dorsal dislocation of the PIP joint, regardless of the time from injury to intervention.
Epidemiological Analysis of Glomus Tumors of the Hand and Association with Recurrence Rate
Authors: Guedes Giovanni Vilardo Cerqueira , Jácome Daniel Torres , Alves Gabriel Farias , Monteiro Anderson Vieira 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction Glomus tumors are benign, characterized by microvascular alteration, and mostly found in the subungual region of the hand. They are rare and associated with paroxysmal pain, tenderness on palpation, and thermal sensitivity. The aim of the present research was to analyze the epidemiology of glomus tumors and relate each of the variables with cases of recurrence.
Materials and Methods A retrospective review of medical records was undertaken in our hospital to collect epidemiological numerical variables (time between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis and surgery, age, size of the tumor on magnetic resonance imaging and the histopathological examination, time until recurrence and reoperation after surgery, duration of the follow-up) and categorical variables (gender, ethnicity, laterality, affected finger, location in the hand, surgical technique, smoking, preoperative symptoms, recurrence, and comorbidities). Then, we performed a statistical analysis to identify possible associations of the hand tumors with recurrences.
Results The review identified 66 patients with glomus tumors 52 of which were located in the hand. The mean age of the sample was 49 years, and it was mostly composed of white female patients. Pain was the main related symptom, and most tumors presented sizes between 5 mm and 1 cm. Among the 52 patients, 11 cases presented recurrences, with a mean time until onset of 39.4 months, but 3 of them were initially operated on at other hospitals. None of the variables was shown to be a predictor of recurrence, although we saw that bone involvement on radiographs was only present in certain cases of recurrence.
Conclusion The sample studied was large for this rare disease, and reinforced previous results regarding its epidemiology. As 54% of the cases of recurrence occurred at least twice, we think that genetic, histological and immunohistochemical analyses should be the focus of futures studies, as well as a search for bone and tendon involvement.
Price-Setting Power in Global Value Chains: The Cases of Price Stabilisation in the Cocoa Sectors in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana
Authors: Staritz Cornelia , Tröster Bernhard , Grumiller Jan , Maile Felix 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper calls for integrating price-setting power and related uneven exposure to price risks into the analysis of governance in global value chains (GVCs) as it adds to other power dimensions in producing unequal distributional outcomes. This is shown for the cocoa GVC, in which—unlike in today’s mostly liberalised market structures—the world’s top cocoa-producing countries, Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana, pursue price stabilisation measures. These measures address intra-seasonal producer price volatility, and recent collaboration has achieved a living-income differential on top of export prices, but such measures do not shield export and producer prices from inter-seasonal variations in world prices determined on commodity derivatives markets. Based on interviews with actors along the cocoa GVC, we argue that this is related to the price-setting power of ‘grinder-traders’ and the key role of financial hedging and trading on commodity derivatives markets in their business strategies. Financialisation processes have increased derivatives trading’s complexity and short-termism, accelerating consolidation among grinder-traders and making price stabilisation more challenging. Through their price stabilisation systems, Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana have maintained some price-setting power in the cocoa GVC, but largely remain ‘global price-takers’, with prices determined on derivatives markets and transmitted along the cocoa GVC through grinder-traders.
Minimal hegemony in Sudan: exploring the rise and fall of the National Islamic Front
Authors: Suliman Shahenda 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
This article adopts a Gramscian approach to exploring the political economy behind the rise and fall of the National Islamic Front (NIF) in Sudan. It traces the NIF’s rise from the 1960s, with particular attention to the class character of its hegemonic project and shifting ideology. Reading its reign through the lens of minimal hegemony, it critically explores how neoliberal restructuring produced a narrow but powerful ruling bloc at the expense and marginalisation of different social groups, and how shifts in international relations intertwined with social transformations across Sudan to reproduce new forms of dependency. Paying attention to the uneven nature of capitalist development and resulting antagonisms during this period, it explores why the NIF was unable to forge an integral hegemony, ending with the crisis of authority that overthrew Bashir and the emergence of social forces that continue to contest its cultural, political and economic project.
Left ventricular function and mechanics in backs and forwards elite rugby union players
Authors: Fornasier‐Santos Charly , Izem Omar , Aboukhoudir Falah , Rupp Thomas , Stridgeon Paul , Millet Grégoire P. , Nottin Stéphane 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTPurpose: The aim of the present study was to assess left ventricular (LV) morphological and regional functional adaptations in backs and forwards elite rugby union (RU) players. Methods: Thirty‐nine elite male RU players and twenty sedentary controls have been examined using resting echocardiography. RU players were divided into two groups, forwards (n = 22) and backs (n = 17). Evaluations included tissue Doppler and 2D speckle‐tracking analysis to assess LV strains and twisting mechanics. Results: The elite RU players exhibited an LV remodelling characterized by an increase in LV mass indexed to body surface area (82.2 ± 13.2 vs. 99.9 ± 16.1 and 119.7 ± 13.4 g.m−2, in controls, backs and forwards; P < .001). Compared to backs, forwards exhibited lower global longitudinal strain (19.9 ± 2.5 vs. 18.0 ± 1.6%; P < .05), lower early diastolic velocity (16.5 ± 1.8 vs. 15.0 ± 2.3 cm.s−1; P < .05) and lower diastolic longitudinal strain rate (1.80 ± 0.34 vs. 1.54 ± 0.26 s−1; P < .01), especially at the apex. LV twist and untwisting velocities were similar in RU players compared to controls, but with lower apical (−46.2 ± 22.1 vs. −28.2 ± 21.7 deg.s−1; P < .01) and higher basal rotational velocities (33.9 ± 20.9 vs. 48.4 ± 20.7 deg.s−1; P < .05). Conclusion: RU players exhibited an increase in LV mass which was more pronounced in forwards. In forwards, LV global longitudinal strain was depressed, LV filling pressures were decreased, and LV relaxation depressed at the apex.Highlights
Elite RU players exhibited LV hypertrophy, especially in forwards players.
LV regional function suggested a drop in LV relaxation and an increase in LV filling pressures in RU players, with higher alterations in forwards.
LV remodelling was associated with regional alterations in torsional mechanics: higher rotations and rotational diastolic velocities at the basal level of LV but lower rotation and rotational diastolic velocities at the apex were observed in RU players.
Theoretical drag analyses of laminar channel and pipe flows with wall roughness
Authors: Guo Tongbiao , Zhong Shan , Apsley David , Craft Tim 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an exact expression for the drag coefficient of a streamwise-periodic steady incompressible laminar channel and pipe flow with micro- or macro-scale wall roughness is derived, whereby the drag coefficient is decomposed into contributions from different components of the velocity gradient tensor in the flow field. It is shown through our theoretical analysis that drag reduction cannot be achieved by adding micro- or macro-scale spanwise-periodic/-symmetry wall roughness structures to the smooth inner walls of streamwise-periodic steady incompressible laminar channel/pipe flows while maintaining the same volumetric flow rate. It is also shown that wall roughness produces a higher drag due to two factors: (a) wall roughness induces other non-zero velocity gradient terms apart from the wall-normal/radial gradient of streamwise velocity that exists in a smooth channel/pipe flow; (b) the profile of streamwise velocity in the wall-normal/radial direction deviates from the parabolic profile that produces the minimum kinetic energy loss for a given volumetric flow rate. Finally, numerical simulations of laminar channel flow with longitudinal and transverse bars are conducted, and the numerical results confirm the theoretical finding.
Macroevolutionary trends and diversification dynamics in Atripliceae (Amaranthaceae s.l., Chenopodioideae): a first approach
Authors: Brignone Nicolás F , Pozner Raúl , Denham Silvia S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background and aims
Atripliceae evolved and diversified by dispersals and radiations across continents in both hemispheres, colonizing similar semi-arid, saline–alkaline environments throughout the world. Meanwhile, its species developed different life forms, photosynthetic pathways, mono- or dioecy, and different morphological features in flowers, fruiting bracteoles and seeds. In this study, we introduce a first approach to the macroevolutionary patterns and diversification dynamics of the Atripliceae to understand how time, traits, speciation, extinction and new habitats influenced the evolution of this lineage.

Methods
We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses and clade age estimation of Atripliceae to apply time-, trait- and geographic-dependent diversification analyses and ancestral state reconstructions to explore diversification patterns within the tribe.

Key results
Opposite diversification dynamics within the two major clades of Atripliceae, the Archiatriplex and Atriplex clades, could explain the unbalanced species richness between them; we found low mean speciation rates in the Archiatriplex clade and one shift to higher speciation rates placed in the branch of the Atriplex core. This acceleration in diversification seems to have started before the transition between C3 and C4 metabolism and before the arrival of Atriplex in the Americas, and matches the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum. Besides, the American species of Atriplex exhibit slightly higher net diversification rates than the Australian and Eurasian ones. While time seems not to be associated with diversification, traits such as life form, photosynthetic pathway and plant sex may have played roles as diversification drivers.

Conclusions
Traits more than time played a key role in Atripliceae diversification, and we could speculate that climate changes could have triggered speciation. The extreme arid or saline environments where Atripliceae species prevail may explain its particular evolutionary trends and trait correlations compared with other angiosperms and highlight the importance of conservation efforts needed to preserve them as genetic resources to deal with climatic changes.
Influence of amino acid concentrations on foraging and feeding in the rusty crayfish Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852) (Decapoda: Astacidea: Cambaridae), assayed in flow-through mesocosms
Authors: Austin Emily L , Moore Paul A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Organisms use chemical cues in their environment to extract relevant information to perform a variety of tasks, including foraging, finding shelter, and locating mates, and must locate and assess the quality of food sources based on these chemical cues. Crayfishes use chemical cues in the form of amino acids to locate food and to regulate consumption when determining the quality of food sources. It is currently unknown, however, whether crayfish foraging and feeding behavior in experimental flow-through systems are altered by differing amino acid concentrations. We collected individuals of the rusty crayfish, Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852), from two different watershed locations in Michigan, USA and exposed them to fish gelatin containing increasing concentrations of the amino acids β-alanine (excitatory amino acid) and L-tyrosine (inhibitory amino acid). The gelatin was weighed before and after each 24-hour trial to determine consumption. The addition of an excitatory amino acid (β-alanine) caused a significant drop in consumption but only for crayfish collected from one of the locations (P = 0.04). The addition of an inhibitory amino acid (L-tyrosine) had no effect on consumption from either location. This study demonstrates that feeding behaviors of F. rusticus are influenced by the presence of amino acids (β-alanine) in food sources.
An Assessment of the Mauritian Legal and Regulatory Measures to Mitigate Domestic Violence in the Wake of COVID-19: A Comparative Study with South Africa
Authors: Beebeejaun Ambareen , Appadoo Krishnee Adnarain , Mahadew Roopanand 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Surveys conducted by Statistics Mauritius indicate that cases of domestic violence in Mauritius during the lockdown of 2020 have increased by five-fold as compared to the years 2018 and 2019. Furthermore, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, 293 cases of domestic violence were reported over a period of 18 days as announced by the Minister of Gender Equality and Family Welfare in April 2021 and 87.3% of these cases had women as victims. While these alarming statistics acknowledge the escalation of domestic violence as a form of social ill, they also trigger the questioning of the efficiency and adequacy of the relevant legal and regulatory measures undertaken by the Mauritian authorities to reduce or eliminate domestic violence in the wake of the current health crisis. Hence, the purpose of this research is to investigate the policy responses and endeavours established by the Mauritius authorities to ensure elimination of domestic violence in Mauritius, to identify loopholes inherent in the present legal provisions and to suggest recommendations to enhance the legal and regulatory framework on women’s protection in Mauritius. A black letter approach and comparative analysis is adopted for this study.