bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causative variants linked with limb girdle muscular dystrophy in an Iranian population: 6 novel variants
Authors: Mianesaz Hamidreza , Ghalamkari Safoura , Salehi Mansoor , Behnam Mahdiyeh , Hosseinzadeh Majid , Basiri Keivan , Ghasemi Majid , Sedghi Maryam , Ansari Behnaz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLimb‐girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a non‐syndromic muscular dystrophy caused by variations in the genes involved in muscle structure, function and repair. The heterogeneity in the severity, progression, age of onset, and causative genes makes next‐generation sequencing (NGS) a necessary approach for the proper diagnosis of LGMD.MethodsIn this article, 26 Iranian patients with LGMD criteria were diagnosed with disease variants in the genes encoding calpain3, dysferlin, sarcoglycans and Laminin α‐2. Patients were referred to the hospital with variable distribution of muscle wasting and progressive weakness in the body. The symptoms along with biochemical and EMG tests were suggestive of LGMD; thus the genomic DNA of patients were investigated by whole‐exome sequencing including flanking intronic regions. The target genes were explored for the disease‐causing variants. Moreover, the consequence of the amino acid alterations on proteins' secondary structure and function was investigated for a better understanding of the pathogenicity of variants. Variants were sorted based on the genomic region, type and clinical significance.ResultsIn a comprehensive investigation of previous clinical records, 6 variations were determined as novel, including c.1354–2 A > T and c.3169_3172dupCGGC in DYSF, c.568 G > T in SGCD, c.7243 C > T, c.8662_8663 insT and c. 4397G > C in LAMA2. Some of the detected variants were located in functional domains and/or near to the post‐translational modification sites, altering or removing highly conserved regions of amino acid sequence.
Feasibility of transient nuclear Overhauser effect imaging in brain at 7 T
Authors: Kumar Dushyant , Benyard Blake , Soni Narayan Datt , Swain Anshuman , Wilson Neil , Reddy Ravinder 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) quantification from the steady‐state NOE imaging suffers from multiple confounding non‐NOE‐specific sources, including direct saturation, magnetization transfer, and relevant chemical exchange species, and is affected by B0 and B1+ inhomogeneities. The B0‐dependent and B1+‐dependent data needed for deconvolving these confounding effects would increase the scan time substantially, leading to other issues such as patient tolerability. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of brain lipid mapping using an easily implementable transient NOE (tNOE) approach.MethodsThis 7T study used a frequency‐selective inversion pulse at a range of frequency offsets between 1.0 and 5.0 parts per million (ppm) and −5.0 and −1.0 ppm relative to bulk water peak. This was followed by a fixed/variable mixing time and then a single‐shot 2D turbo FLASH readout. The feasibility of tNOE measurements is demonstrated on bovine serum albumin phantoms and healthy human brains.ResultsThe tNOE measurements from bovine serum albumin phantoms were found to be independent of physiological pH variations. Both bovine serum albumin phantoms and human brains showed broad tNOE contributions centered at approximately −3.5 ppm relative to water peak, with presumably aliphatic moieties in lipids and proteins being the dominant contributors. Less prominent tNOE contributions of approximately +2.5 ppm relative to water, presumably from aromatic moieties, were also detected. These aromatic signals were free from any CEST signals.ConclusionIn this study, we have demonstrated the feasibility of tNOE in human brain at 7 T. This method is more scan‐time efficient than steady‐state NOE and provides NOE measurement with minimal confounders.
Evaluation of High-Protein Distillers Dried Grains with Yeast as a Protein Source in Practical Diets for Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei
Authors: Nazeer Sidra , Tilton Scott , Davis D. Allen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Increasing worldwide competition and shifts in demand, technological advancements, and innovative findings out of research are triggering the ingredient manufacturing industry to include modified processing technologies and novel ingredients. New technologies have been introduced by the ethanol industry to improve the efficiency of ethanol production, resulting in new types of distillers dried grains with different nutrient profiles. One of the new processing techniques removes fibrous corn components before fermentation and removes the soluble fraction after fermentation to produce a high-protein distillers grain with yeast (HP50Y with 49% protein and HP40Y with 40% protein). The current study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of HP50Y and HP40Y as a replacement for corn protein concentrate (CPC) in diets of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In the first diet series, graded levels of HP50Y (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0%) were used to replace CPC (13.1, 10.0, 6.6, 3.5, and 0.2%). In the second diet series, graded levels of HP40Y (5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0%) were used to replace CPC (10.5, 8.0, 5.5, and 2.5%). These diets were evaluated over a 40-d growth trial (initial weight = 0.54 ± 0.01 g; n = 4). At the conclusion, no significant differences were detected in growth, feed conversion ratio, survival, and food consumption of Pacific white shrimp (P-value &gt;0.05). However, results from regression analysis revealed that there was a significant increase in percent weight gain of Pacific white shrimp as the percent inclusion level of HP50Y and HP40Y increased in the shrimp diets. Results indicate that HP50Y and HP40Y are both good protein sources and can be used up to a 20% inclusion level in the diets of Pacific white shrimp.
Effect of digital detox program on electronic screen syndrome among preparatory school students
Authors: Mohamed Sayeda Mohamed , Abdallah Lamiaa Saad , Ali Fatma Nagy Kotb 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine the digital detox programme's impact on the electronic screen syndrome among preparatory school students.DesignA quasi‐experimental pre‐ and posttest group was used.MethodsTwo preparatory governmental schools. Sample: purposive sample consists of 105 students. Tools: Two tools used for data collection: Student's datasheet and Electronic Screen Addiction Scale. The data collection period took six months, from September 2021 to February 2022.ResultsThe high rate of screen addiction among students dropped to 14.3% in the posttest compared with 20.0% in the pre‐test. Moreover, the students' proportion with moderate screen addiction dropped from 65.7% on the pre‐test to 43.8% on the posttest. Furthermore, screen addiction students with lower levels were about 41.9% in the posttest and 14.3% in the pre‐test.ConclusionsThere was a highly statistically significant difference between school students' total electronic screen scores in the pre‐ and posttest. A preventive care programme is recommended for high school children and helps raise screen addiction's awareness and its negative consequences.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Electronic consultation use by advanced practice nurses in older adult care—A descriptive study of service utilization data
Authors: Hakimjavadi Ramtin , Karunananthan Sathya , Levi Cheryl , LeBlanc Kimberly , Guglani Sheena , Helmer‐Smith Mary , Keely Erin , Liddy Clare 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo describe characteristics of service utilization by advanced practice nurses (APNs) employing an electronic consultation (eConsult) service in their care for older adults.BackgroundCanada's aging population is projected to place unprecedented demands on the healthcare system. APNs, which include clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) and nurse practitioners (NPs), are nurses with advanced knowledge who can independently provide age‐appropriate care. eConsult is a secure web‐based platform enabling asynchronous, provider‐to‐provider communication. APNs can send and receive eConsults to address patient‐specific concerns.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of eConsult utilization and user survey data for cases completed in 2019, reported in line with the STROBE guidelines. Eligible eConsults included those that had APN involvement (as a referrer or responder) and were concerning an older patient (≥65 years). Descriptive statistics were used to analyse service utilization and survey response data.ResultsOf 430 eligible eConsults, 421 (97.9%) were initiated by NPs and the rest by physicians. 23 (5.3%) were received by a CNS, of which 14 (3.3%) involved an NP‐to‐CNS exchange. Median specialist response interval was 0.9 days. 53% of eConsults was for dermatology, haematology, cardiology, gastroenterology and endocrinology. 73% of eConsults avoided a face‐to‐face referral after the consultation. In 90% of eConsults, APNs rated the service as helpful and/or educational.ConclusionsThrough eConsult, APNs can collaborate with each other and physicians to access and provide a breadth of advice facilitating timely specialist‐informed care for older patients, thus helping to alleviate some of the demands placed on the healthcare system.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThere is an opportunity for APNs to further adopt eConsult into their clinical practice, and this can, in turn, support the integration of the APN role in the health workforce.Patient or Public ContributionCurrent APN eConsult users were involved in the study design and interpretation of results.
On mixed finite element approximations of shape gradients in shape optimization with the Navier–Stokes equation
Authors: Li Jiajie , Zhu Shengfeng , Shen Xiaoqin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor shape optimization of fluid flows governed by the Navier–Stokes equation, we investigate effectiveness of shape gradient algorithms by analyzing convergence and accuracy of mixed finite element approximations to both the distributed and boundary types of shape gradients. We present convergence analysis with a priori error estimates for the two approximate shape gradients. The theoretical analysis shows that the distributed formulation has superconvergence property. Numerical results with comparisons are presented to verify theory and show that the shape gradient algorithm based on the distributed formulation is highly effective and robust for shape optimization.
A non‐overlapping domain decomposition dual reciprocity method for solving the forward–backward heat equation in two‐dimension
Authors: Shanazari Kamal , Banei Siamak 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe apply a boundary element dual reciprocity method (DRBEM) to the numerical solution of the forward–backward heat equation in a two‐dimensional case. The method is employed for the spatial variable via the fundamental solution of the Laplace equation and the Crank–Nicolson finite difference scheme is utilized to treat the time variable. The physical domain is divided into two non‐overlapping subdomains resulting in two standard forward and backward parabolic equations. The subproblems are then treated by the underlying method assuming a virtual boundary in the interface and starting with an initial approximate solution on this boundary followed by updating the solution by an iterative procedure. In addition, we show that the time discrete scheme is unconditionally stable and convergent using the energy method. Furthermore, some computational aspects will be suggested to efficiently deal with the formulation of the proposed method. Finally, two forward–backward problems, for which the exact solution is available, will be numerically solved for two different domains to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.
CXCL16 inhibits epithelial regeneration and promotes fibrosis during the progression of radiation enteritis
Authors: Cui Yanmei , Wu Haiyong , Liu Zhihang , Ma Tenghui , Liang Wenfeng , Zeng Qingzhi , Chen Daici , Qin Qiyuan , Huang Binjie , Wang Michael Hu , Huang Xiaoyan , He Yanjiong , Kuang Yingyi , Sugimoto Shinya , Sato Toshiro , Wang Lei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRadiation enteritis (RE) is a prevalent complication of radiotherapy for pelvic malignant tumors, characterized by severe intestinal epithelial destruction and progressive submucosal fibrosis. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease, and so far, there is no specific targeted therapy. Here, we report that CXCL16 is upregulated in the injured intestinal tissues of RE patients and in a mouse model. Genetic deletion of Cxcl16 mitigates fibrosis and promotes intestinal stem cell‐mediated epithelial regeneration after radiation injury in mice. Mechanistically, CXCL16 functions on myofibroblasts through its receptor CXCR6 and activates JAK3/STAT3 signaling to promote fibrosis and, at the same time, to transcriptionally modulate the levels of BMP4 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in myofibroblasts. Moreover, we find that CXCL16 and CXCR6 auto‐ and cross‐regulate themselves in positive feedback loops. Treatment with CXCL16 neutralizing monoclonal antibody attenuates fibrosis and improves the epithelial repair in RE mouse model. Our findings emphasize the important role of CXCL16 in the progression of RE and suggest that CXCL16 signaling could be a potential therapeutic target for RE. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Development of high‐performance biopolymer nanocomposites derived from carboxymethyl chitosan/boehmite via green synthesis
Authors: Meera K. , Ramesan Manammel Thankappan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, biopolymer nanocomposites derived from carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and boehmite were prepared via an environmentally friendly technique and their structural, morphological, thermal, electrical, dielectric, and mechanical properties were investigated. The successful fabrication of carboxymethyl chitosan/boehmite nanocomposites was evident from the appearance of characteristic peaks of boehmite in FTIR and alteration in the morphology as revealed by optical and SEM micrographs. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) were increased as the filler content increased. The enhanced thermal stability of nanocomposites was clear from thermogravimetric results. The incorporation of boehmite nanoparticles into CMCS improved the conductivity to a semiconducting range. The dielectric constant of CMCS/boehmite nanocomposites was significantly higher compared to pure CMCS. The influence of temperature on AC conductivity, activation energy, dielectric constant and loss tangent were analyzed. Complex impedance analysis carried out by Nyquist plots and the bulk resistance showed a decreasing trend with temperature, which indicated enhanced conductivity with temperature. Tensile strength and hardness were observed to be increased with boehmite inclusion, whereas elongation at break is reduced. As a result, eco‐friendly CMCS/boehmite biopolymer nanocomposites with good thermal, mechanical, electric, and dielectric properties may be a potential green alternative for flexible electronic, charge storage, and other electrochemical devices.
Preparation, characterization and application of gamma irradiated some water soluble polymers/natural rubber latex blends
Authors: Abou El Fadl Faten Ismail , Mohamed Maysa A. , Magida Mamdouh M. , Ibrahim Sayeda M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis work mainly depends on the assumption or hypothesis which exploits the tendency of natural rubber latex (NRL) to cross‐link under irradiation in the presence of Alginate and CMC biopolymer and form (ALG/NRL and CMC/NRL) films containing polar/charged functional groups which offer them hydrophilicity, and consequently water absorption capacity. CMC/NRL and ALG/NRL (v/v) blend films prepared first by latex compounding followed by casting technique. The prepared ALG/NRL and CMC/NRL blend films characterized then, by various techniques such as IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Equilibrium swelling properties and gel percent GF% of prepared films also studied in details. GF% studies revealed that the GF% increased with increasing both NRL content and irradiation dose for both ALG/NRL and CMC/NRL. Thermal analysis shows the increased thermal stability of the irradiated samples due cross‐linking effect of NRL. The improved gel content percentage obtained paved the way for the application of various films in the removal of toxic dyes such as acidic, direct, and basic dyes from waste water where in this study, the films exhibited high affinity toward basic blue dye.
The characteristics of foreign bodies aspirated by children across different continents: A comparative review
Authors: Parvar Seyedeh Yasamin , Sarasyabi Mohammad Sharifi , Moslehi Mohammad Ashkan , Priftis Kostas N. , Cutrera Renato , Chen Meng , Lili Zhong , Gonuguntla Hari K. , Joseph Tinku , Alajmi Mohsen , Alshammari Salman , Singh Varinder , Parakh Ankit , Indawati Wahyuni , Triasih Rina , Fasseeh Nader 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundForeign body aspiration (FBA) is a common issue in pediatric emergencies, with regional variations. Various cultures and foods, parents' and physicians' inadequate experience, and lack of bronchoscopy equipment are some attributable factors in the regional variation of FBA.AimTo more accurately represent the demographic characteristics of aspirated foreign bodies (FBs) across various continents, this review attempted to provide organized information based on the reviewed articles.MethodologyA search was conducted in PubMed/PubMed Central, EMBASE, and google scholar. From the 36 included articles, information on age, gender, bronchoscopy type, type of FB, location, history of choking, and time elapsed between aspiration and admission were extracted.ResultsA total of 14,469 cases were evaluated. According to the findings, children under two accounted for more than 75% of FBAs. Nuts and seeds were the most common FBs in most countries, whereas plastic and metal objects had higher rates in Brazil, and calcified objects were more prevalent in Thailand. The right bronchus was the most frequent location, and rigid bronchoscopy was the most often utilized type of bronchoscope. In addition, a significant percentage of patients were referred to the emergency rooms in the first 12−24 h following the aspiration incident. Moreover, Asian patients reported more choking history, and Europeans had fewer witnesses of FBA.ConclusionsThere is a lack of standardized reporting systems and organized guidelines in pediatric FBA. To select the ideal time for endoscopies and create educational programs, a collaboration between experienced researchers, pediatric pulmonologists, radiologists, and otolaryngologists is required.
Home exercises for neck pain: A Delphi survey
Authors: Bezerra Laylla Marjorye Rebouças , Melo Thania Maion de Souza , Gomes Vanessa Maria da Silva Alves , Pas Ray Cosme da , Alves Laura Izabel do Nascimento , Salemi Marianna de Melo , Silva Iditácylla Reis , Tenório Angélica da Silva , Siqueira Gisela Rocha de 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThe current context of the COVID‐19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for home exercise strategies for the relief of neck pain, which, in recent times, has increased. However, there is a gap regarding home exercises that are aimed at reducing neck pain. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop, validate and culturally adapt a home exercise protocol for neck pain.MethodsThis was an observational study conducted in three stages: (1) Developing an online search of databases for articles on neck pain exercises. (2) Validating a panel of 12 physical therapists, using the Delphi technique, and (3) Cultural adaptation, through face‐to‐face assessment with individuals aged 18–30 years with neck pain (n = 15). This resulted in the production of a final version of the protocol. Consensus on the protocol items (using the five‐point Likert scale) was considered when the percent agreement was equal to or greater than 75%. Individuals were also asked about pain intensity during the last week before and after performing the protocol.ResultsA protocol was developed with the principles of neck and scapular stabilization and upper limb movements, for a period of 4 weeks. Nine physical therapists completed two rounds online, and all items in the second version of the protocol presented an agreement of over 75%. The protocol was culturally adapted by the target population, in which 73% of individuals presented pain reduction with a minimally clinically important difference.ConclusionA 4‐week home exercise protocol was created based on the best evidence in the literature, was validated by physical therapists and adapted for the population with neck pain. It proved to be an understandable, useful, practical and convenient tool in the treatment of this disorder and demonstrated an improvement in neck pain.ClinicalTrials.gov(NCT04187001).
Single‐cell atlas of epithelial and stromal cell heterogeneity by lobe and strain in the mouse prostate
Authors: Graham Mindy K. , Chikarmane Roshan , Wang Rulin , Vaghasia Ajay , Gupta Anuj , Zheng Qizhi , Wodu Bulouere , Pan Xin , Castagna Nicole , Liu Jianyong , Meyers Jennifer , Skaist Alyza , Wheelan Sarah , Simons Brian W. , Bieberich Charles , Nelson William G. , DeWeese Theodore L. , De Marzo Angelo M. , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvaluating the complex interplay of cell types in the tissue microenvironment is critical to understanding the origin and progression of diseases in the prostate and potential opportunities for intervention. Mouse models are an essential tool to investigate the molecular and cell‐type‐specific contributions of prostate disease at an organismal level. While there are well‐documented differences in the extent, timing, and nature of disease development in various genetically engineered and exposure‐based mouse models in different mouse strains and prostate lobes within each mouse strain, the underlying molecular phenotypic differences in cell types across mouse strains and prostate lobes are incompletely understood.MethodsIn this study, we used single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) methods to assess the single‐cell transcriptomes of 6‐month‐old mouse prostates from two commonly used mouse strains, friend virus B/NIH jackson (FVB/NJ) (N = 2) and C57BL/6J (N = 3). For each mouse, the lobes of the prostate were dissected (anterior, dorsal, lateral, and ventral), and individual scRNA‐seq libraries were generated. In situ and pathological analyses were used to explore the spatial and anatomical distributions of novel cell types and molecular markers defining these cell types.ResultsData dimensionality reduction and clustering analysis of scRNA‐seq data revealed that basal and luminal cells possessed strain‐specific transcriptomic differences, with luminal cells also displaying marked lobe‐specific differences. Gene set enrichment analysis comparing luminal cells by strain showed enrichment of proto‐Oncogene targets in FVB/NJ mice. Additionally, three rare populations of epithelial cells clustered independently of strain and lobe: one population of luminal cells expressing Foxi1 and components of the vacuolar ATPase proton pump (Atp6v0d2 and Atp6v1g3), another population expressing Psca and other stem cell‐associated genes (Ly6a/Sca‐1, Tacstd2/Trop‐2), and a neuroendocrine population expressing Chga, Chgb, and Syp. In contrast, stromal cell clusters, including fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, and immune cell types, were conserved across strain and lobe, clustering largely by cell type and not by strain or lobe. One notable exception to this was the identification of two distinct fibroblast populations that we term subglandular fibroblasts and interstitial fibroblasts based on their strikingly distinct spatial distribution in the mouse prostate.ConclusionsAltogether, these data provide a practical reference of the transcriptional profiles of mouse prostate from two commonly used mouse strains and across all four prostate lobes.