bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gentherapie der Hämophilie: Empfehlung der Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung (GTH)
Authors: Miesbach Wolfgang , Oldenburg Johannes , Klamroth Robert , Eichler Hermann , Koscielny Jürgen , Holzhauer Susanne , Holstein Katharina , Hovinga Johanna A. Kremer , Alberio Lorenzo , Olivieri Martin , Knöfler Ralf , Male Christoph , Tiede Andreas 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Gentherapie hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren zu einer realistischen Behandlungsoption für Patienten mit Hämophilie entwickelt. Unter Berücksichtigung der verfügbaren Literatur und der persönlichen Erfahrungen aus klinischen Studien diskutieren wir hier wesentliche Aspekte der Gentherapie der Hämophilie A und B mit Vektoren auf Basis des Adeno-assoziierten Virus (AAV) einschließlich zu erwartender Ergebnisse, Risiken, Nebenwirkungen und Auswirkungen auf patientenrelevante Endpunkte. Überlegungen zur Auswahl von Patienten, zum Aufklärungs- und Einwilligungsprozess, zur ambulanten Durchführung und Überwachung der Gentherapie sowie zur Erfassung von Daten werden dargestellt. Die Notwendigkeit interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit mit der Hepatologie und anderen Fachgruppen wird dargelegt. Besondere Berücksichtigung finden strukturelle und organisatorische Voraussetzungen der Zentren, die Gentherapie durchführen (Dosierungszentren oder „Hub“), und der heimatnahen Zentren, die Patienten der Gentherapie zuführen und die Nachsorge übernehmen („Spoke“). Wir geben eine Empfehlung zur Nutzung einer elektronischen Plattform zum sicheren und verzögerungsfreien Datenaustausch zwischen diesen Zentren und den Patienten. Diese elektronische Plattform wird auch die Primärdatenquelle sein für Pharmakovigilanz, Studien, nationale und internationale Register sowie für die frühe Nutzenbewertung dieser neuen Therapieform. Überlegungen zur Finanzierung der Gentherapie sowie zur möglichen zukünftigen Nutzung bei Jugendlichen und Kindern werden diskutiert. In einem sich rasch entwickelnden wissenschaftlichen Umfeld sollen diese Empfehlungen den betreuenden Einrichtungen und Kostenträgern erste Orientierung in Vorbereitung auf die Anwendung der Gentherapie nach ihrer Zulassung geben.
Ultrasound Elastography for Characterization of Focal Liver Lesions
Authors: Dong Yi , Koch Jonas , Alhyari Amjad , Safai Zadeh Ehsan , Görg Christian , Wang Wen-Ping , Berzigotti Annalisa , Dietrich Christoph F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFocal liver lesions (FLL) are typically detected by conventional ultrasound or other
imaging modalities. After the detection of FLL, further characterization is essential, and
this can be done by contrast-enhanced imaging techniques, e.g., contrast-enhanced ultrasound
(CEUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or by means of biopsy with histological
evaluation. Elastographic techniques are nowadays integrated into high-end ultrasound systems
and their value for the detection of severe liver fibrosis and cirrhosis has been shown in
studies and meta-analyses. The use of an ultrasound elastographic technique for the
differentiation of malignant and benign liver tumors is less well-established. This review
summarizes the current data on utility and performance of ultrasound elastography for the
characterization of FLL.
Virtual Planning and 3D Printing in Contemporary Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Roy Tulsi , Steinbacher Derek M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOrthognathic surgery is a powerful tool to improve facial balance, form, and function. Virtual planning and three-dimensional printing has improved our ability to visualize complex anatomy, consider various iterations and execute complex movements, and create accurate splints, plates, and cutting guides. This article will outline the distinct advantages of the use of virtual surgical planning over traditional planning, and it will explore the utility of computer-aided design and technology within contemporary orthognathic surgery, including its expanded applications and limitations.
Research on novel quantum phenomena of transition metal-doped ZrO2 nanosheets
Authors: Wang Min , Li Hui , Ren Jie , Liu Jia , Yue Yunliang , Zhou Tiege 
Published: December 2022

The spintronic properties of cubic ZrO2 (c-ZrO2) nanosheets with intrinsic defects and transition metal (TM) elements doping have been systematically studied by first-principle calculation. The results show that impurity Fe has the lowest formation energy in each monolayer compared to other defects. The most stable (111) nanosheet, coupled with the higher defect formation energy, tends to disintegrate. Only Zr vacancy (VZr) on the (110) surface or O vacancy (VO) on the (111) surface can generate a ferromagnetic ground state, while other intrinsic defects cannot introduce spin polarization. Ni-doped (110) monolayer cannot introduce a local magnetic moment, while Fe and Co can. The magnetic moments produced by Fe, Co, and Ni in the (111) sheet are 2, 4, and 1 µB, respectively. Further investigation revealed that the magnetism was mainly contributed by the d orbitals of the TM atom and the p orbitals of the surrounding O atoms. Magnetic couplings show that only Co–Co doped monolayers can produce macroscopic magnetism. These are predicted to produce TCs Curie temperature above room temperature when Co–Co distances are 5.070 and 6.209 Å on the (110) surface and 7.170 and 9.485 Å on the (111) surface. The research is beneficial to the refinement of the development of spintronics.
Influence of pressure-induced formation of dihydrogen bonds on lattice parameters, volume, and vibrational modes of ammonia borane
Authors: Nakano Satoshi , Fujihisa Hiroshi , Yamawaki Hiroshi , Kikegawa Takumi 
Published: December 2022

The high-pressure phase of ammonia borane (NH3BH3) observed at ∼1.2 GPa has been reported to result in pressure-induced formation of dihydrogen bonds at ∼4 GPa. In this study, we performed high-pressure x-ray diffraction measurements on the high-pressure phase (up to ∼10.2 GPa) using a He hydrostatic pressure medium to examine the influence of the formation of dihydrogen bonds on the lattice parameters and unit cell volume of NH3BH3. We observed a unique behavior in the pressure dependence of lattice parameters close to the pressure at which the dihydrogen bond was formed. The lattice parameters demonstrated hysteresis curves under compression and decompression conditions but the unit cell volume did not. Moreover, the pressure dependence of the unit cell volume could not be expressed using a single Birch–Murnaghan equation within an acceptable margin of error, thus suggesting a change in bulk modulus under compression. These results are considered to have originated from the pressure-induced formation of dihydrogen bonds. Moreover, high-pressure Raman scattering measurements and a simulation using density functional theory calculations revealed the vibrational modes of the high-pressure phase of NH3BH3. The results demonstrated that librational modes were enhanced by forming dihydrogen bonds. Moreover, the intramolecular stretching modes of BN, BH, and NH monotonically shifted with pressure, while the symmetrical in-plane bending modes of BH3 and NH3 split irrespective of the formation of dihydrogen bonds.
Electronic ring current and magnetic field generation induced by current-carrying states of ring molecules in intense fields
Authors: Xu Qing-Yun , He Yong-Lin , Yan Shu-Juan , Guo Jing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The generation of electronic currents and magnetic fields by

H

6

5
+

and

H

4

3
+

molecules with current-carrying states under circularly polarized (CP) and linearly polarized (LP) laser pulses is investigated. Results show that the electronic currents and magnetic fields induced by CP pulses are higher than those by LP pulses for both molecules in the resonance excitation scheme. This can be attributed to the switchable dipole moment of the laser pulses, inducing selective state-to-state electronic transitions. Moreover, it was found that magnetic fields are sensitive to different initial states of the molecules in the ionization scheme. In particular, the magnetic fields induced by the current-carrying states are much higher than that induced by the ground state, which is because the current-carrying states have a stable electronic ring current and the induced magnetic field is contributed by the current-carrying state itself and the laser field. These findings provide a scheme for generating ring-shaped currents and magnetic fields in molecular systems for future research in ultrafast magneto-optics.
Nanomembrane-assembled nanophotonics and optoelectronics: from materials to applications
Authors: Huang Jiayuan , Huang Gaoshan , Zhao Zhe , Wang Chao , Cui Jizhai , Song Enming , Mei Yongfeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nanophotonics and optoelectronics are the keys to the information transmission technology field. The performance of the devices crucially depends on the light–matter interaction, and it is found that three-dimensional (3D) structures may be associated with strong light field regulation for advantageous application. Recently, 3D assembly of flexible nanomembranes has attracted increasing attention in optical field, and novel optoelectronic device applications have been demonstrated with fantastic 3D design. In this review, we first introduce the fabrication of various materials in the form of nanomembranes. On the basis of the deformability of nanomembranes, 3D structures can be built by patterning and release steps. Specifically, assembly methods to build 3D nanomembrane are summarized as rolling, folding, buckling and pick-place methods. Incorporating functional materials and constructing fine structures are two important development directions in 3D nanophotonics and optoelectronics, and we settle previous researches on these two aspects. The extraordinary performance and applicability of 3D devices show the potential of nanomembrane assembly for future optoelectronic applications in multiple areas.
An ultra-low-dose protocol for computed tomography-guided lung radiofrequency ablations
Authors: Golin Melissa , Izaaryene Jean , Dassa Michael , Piana Gilles , Ferre Marjorie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultra-low-dose (ULD) protocol for computed tomography (CT)-guided lung radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Patients who had undergone lung RFA between November 2017 and January 2021 were consecutively and retrospectively included. Thirty patients were treated using a conventional standard protocol (SP), including helical acquisitions with mA automatic adjustment and sequential CT at 80 kVp; and 31, with a ULD protocol defined with helical acquisitions with fixed mA and sequential series at 100 kVp. These parameters were selected from those used for a diagnostic lung low-dose CT scanner. Patient characteristics, dose indicators, technical efficacy (minimal margin [MM], recurrence during follow-up), and complications (pneumothorax, alveolar haemorrhage, and haemoptysis) were recorded. We included 61 patients (median age, 65 [54–73] and 33 women), with no significant differences according to the type of protocol, except for the type of anaesthesia. Even if the number of helical acquisitions did not significantly change, all dose indicators significantly decreased by 1.5-fold–3-fold. The median dose-length-product and effective dose, with their ranges, respectively, were 465 mGy cm (315–554) and 6.5 mSv (4.4–7.8) in the SP group versus 178 mGy cm (154–267) and 2.5 mSv (2.2–3.7) in the ULD group, (p < 001). The ULD group exhibited lower intraoperator variability and better interoperator alignment than those of the SP group. The MM was not significantly different between the two groups (4.6 mm versus 5 mm, p = 16). One local recurrence was observed in each group at 8 months in the SP and at one year in the ULD group (p = 1). The complication rates did not differ significantly. Implementing an ULD protocol during lung RFA may provide similar efficacy, a reduction of dose indicators, and intra- and interoperator variability, without increasing complication rates, compared to those associated with an SP.
A zero-velocity update method based on neural network and Kalman filter for vehicle-mounted inertial navigation system
Authors: Li Qihang , Li Kui , Liang Wenwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Zero-velocity update (ZUPT) is an effective method of restraining the error divergence of the inertial navigation system (INS). The correct detection of zero-velocity points and an appropriate filtering algorithm are the key factors for the success of ZUPT. In this paper, a ZUPT method for vehicle-mounted INS based on a neural network (NN) and Kalman filter is proposed. The efficiency and accuracy of the zero-velocity detection is improved by the NN. The precision of the proposed method can reach 99.19%, and the recall rate is improved by 24% compared with the method based on the support vector machine. In addition, this method has similar accuracy and better real-time performance than the method based on a long short-term memory. Based on the zero-velocity detection by the NN, the navigation error is estimated and compensated by the Kalman filter. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved by a vehicular experiment that shows that the velocity error is reduced to 24.2% and the position error is reduced to 9.5%.
Effect of surface gallium termination on the formation and emission energy of an InGaAs wetting layer during the growth of InGaAs quantum dots by droplet epitaxy
Authors: Fricker D , Atkinson P , Jin X , Lepsa M , Zeng Z , Kovács A , Kibkalo L , Dunin-Borkowski RE , Kardynał BE 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) based on III–V semiconductors have excellent properties for applications in quantum optics. However, the presence of a 2D wetting layer (WL) which forms during the Stranski–Krastanov growth of QDs can limit their performance. Here, we investigate WL formation during QD growth by the droplet epitaxy technique. We use a combination of photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, lifetime measurements, and transmission electron microscopy to identify the presence of an InGaAs WL in these droplet epitaxy QDs, even in the absence of distinguishable WL luminescence. We observe that increasing the amount of Ga deposited on a GaAs (100) surface prior to the growth of InGaAs QDs leads to a significant reduction in the emission wavelength of the WL to the point where it can no longer be distinguished from the GaAs acceptor peak emission in photoluminescence measurements. However increasing the amount of Ga deposited does not suppress the formation of a WL under the growth conditions used here.
Heat index, wet-bulb temperature and psychrometrics: what to expect in the 21st century
Authors: Studnička Filip , Šlégrová Leontýna , Voglová Kateřina , Šlégr Jan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the world has been facing extreme heat waves, breaking all previous records. Therefore, it is essential to emphasize teaching at least the basic knowledge of psychrometry and its impact on human health and well-being. In this paper, we explain several key concepts from the field of psychometrics as well as instructions on how to assemble a wet-bulb thermometer easily. Methods for calculating heat index, dew point, and other quantities are also mentioned, whether using a wet-bulb thermometer or modern electronic sensors.
Dual- and multi-energy CT for particle stopping-power estimation: current state, challenges and potential
Authors: Yang Ming , Wohlfahrt Patrick , Shen Chenyang , Bouchard Hugo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Range uncertainty has been a key factor preventing particle radiotherapy from reaching its full physical potential. One of the main contributing sources is the uncertainty in estimating particle stopping power (ρ

s
) within patients. Currently, the ρ

s
distribution in a patient is derived from a single-energy CT (SECT) scan acquired for treatment planning by converting CT number expressed in Hounsfield units (HU) of each voxel to ρ

s
using a Hounsfield look-up table (HLUT), also known as the CT calibration curve. HU and ρ

s
share a linear relationship with electron density but differ in their additional dependence on elemental composition through different physical properties, i.e. effective atomic number and mean excitation energy, respectively. Because of that, the HLUT approach is particularly sensitive to differences in elemental composition between real human tissues and tissue surrogates as well as tissue variations within and among individual patients. The use of dual-energy CT (DECT) for ρ

s
prediction has been shown to be effective in reducing the uncertainty in ρ

s
estimation compared to SECT. The acquisition of CT data over different x-ray spectra yields additional information on the material elemental composition. Recently, multi-energy CT (MECT) has been explored to deduct material-specific information with higher dimensionality, which has the potential to further improve the accuracy of ρ

s
estimation. Even though various DECT and MECT methods have been proposed and evaluated over the years, these approaches are still only scarcely implemented in routine clinical practice. In this topical review, we aim at accelerating this translation process by providing: (1) a comprehensive review of the existing DECT/MECT methods for ρ

s
estimation with their respective strengths and weaknesses; (2) a general review of uncertainties associated with DECT/MECT methods; (3) a general review of different aspects related to clinical implementation of DECT/MECT methods; (4) other potential advanced DECT/MECT applications beyond ρ

s
estimation.
All-organic lead-free thermochromic and dielectric switchable epoxy microcomposites from singly incorporating leuco dye microcapsules for advanced encryption
Authors: Gao Jian , Wu Kangning , Li Jianying , Yin Guilai , Li Shengtao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, an all-organic lead-free thermochromic and dielectric switchable epoxy microcomposite (TEP) is presented from singly incorporating leuco dye microcapsule materials (LDM) into the epoxy matrix. TEP can simultaneously adjust the color and permittivity in response to temperature between 30 °C and 70 °C. Moreover, the switchable dielectric behavior of TEP can be manipulated by LDMs content and voltage frequency. The switchable dielectric behavior of TEP permittivity is proposed to originate from the inner interfacial polarizations in LDMs triggered by the order-disorder phase transition. Before the phase transition, the molecules in LDMs are in ordered and compact arrays with restricted mobility, which can hardly undergo transportations and reorientations, leading to the weak interfacial polarization strength at the inner surfaces of LDMs and the low permittivity of TEP. After the phase transition, the molecules in LDMs are liberated with enhanced intermolecular distances and mobility, facilitating the inner interfacial polarization in LDMs and leading to the high permittivity of TEP. The correlation between the switchable dielectric behavior and the order-disorder phase transition is furtherly verified based on the Lichtenecker’s mixing model. This study unlocks a novel function of switchable permittivity for the LDM materials and provides an innovative strategy for designing the thermochromic and dielectric switchable smart materials.
Altered nonlinear Granger causality interactions in the large-scale brain networks of patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Fu Yu , Niu Meng , Gao Yuanhang , Dong Shunjie , Huang Yanyan , Zhang Zhe , Zhuo Cheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. It has been demonstrated that schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by functional dysconnectivity involving extensive brain networks. However, the majority of previous studies utilizing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to infer abnormal functional connectivity (FC) in patients with SZ have focused on the linear correlation that one brain region may influence another, ignoring the inherently nonlinear properties of fMRI signals. Approach. In this paper, we present a neural Granger causality (NGC) technique for examining the changes in SZ’s nonlinear causal couplings. We develop static and dynamic NGC-based analyses of large-scale brain networks at several network levels, estimating complicated temporal and causal relationships in SZ patients. Main results. We find that the NGC-based FC matrices can detect large and significant differences between the SZ and healthy control groups at both the regional and subnetwork scales. These differences are persistent and significantly overlapped at various network sparsities regardless of whether the brain networks were built using static or dynamic techniques. In addition, compared to controls, patients with SZ exhibited extensive NGC confusion patterns throughout the entire brain. Significance. These findings imply that the NGC-based FCs may be a useful method for quantifying the abnormalities in the causal influences of patients with SZ, hence shedding fresh light on the pathophysiology of this disorder.
Single trial detection of error-related potentials in brain–machine interfaces: a survey and comparison of methods
Authors: Yasemin Mine , Cruz Aniana , Nunes Urbano J , Pires Gabriel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. Error-related potential (ErrP) is a potential elicited in the brain when humans perceive an error. ErrPs have been researched in a variety of contexts, such as to increase the reliability of brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), increase the naturalness of human–machine interaction systems, teach systems, as well as study clinical conditions. Still, there is a significant challenge in detecting ErrP from a single trial, which may hamper its effective use. The literature presents ErrP detection accuracies quite variable across studies, which raises the question of whether this variability depends more on classification pipelines or on the quality of elicited ErrPs (mostly directly related to the underlying paradigms). Approach. With this purpose, 11 datasets have been used to compare several classification pipelines which were selected according to the studies that reported online performance above 75%. We also analyze the effects of different steps of the pipelines, such as resampling, window selection, augmentation, feature extraction, and classification. Main results. From our analysis, we have found that shrinkage-regularized linear discriminant analysis is the most robust method for classification, and for feature extraction, using Fisher criterion beamformer spatial features and overlapped window averages result in better classification performance. The overall experimental results suggest that classification accuracy is highly dependent on user tasks in BCI experiments and on signal quality (in terms of ErrP morphology, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and discrimination). Significance. This study contributes to the BCI research field by responding to the need for a guideline that can direct researchers in designing ErrP-based BCI tasks by accelerating the design steps.