bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paleomagnetic techniques can date speleothems with high concentrations of detrital material
Authors: Sánchez-Moreno Elisa M. , Font Eric , Pavón-Carrasco F. Javier , Dimuccio Luca A. , Hillaire-Marcel Claude , Ghaleb Bassam , Cunha Lúcio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe U-series dating of young and ‘dirty’ speleothems is challenging due to difficulties in assessing the isotopic composition of detrital contaminants and the low-abundance of 230Th generated in situ. Here we propose a new dating approach based on the comparison of a speleothem’s paleomagnetic directions to reference curves from global paleomagnetic reconstructions. This approach is demonstrated on a stalagmite collected from the Soprador do Carvalho cave in the Central Region of Portugal. A radioisotopic age model, built using four U-series ages and three 14C, suggests relatively steady carbonate precipitation from ~ 5760 BCE until ~ 1920 CE. Forty-five 6 mm-thick subsamples were analyzed using alternating field and thermal demagnetization protocols, providing well-defined, primary magnetic directions. An age model of the stalagmite was obtained by fitting its paleomagnetic record with the reference paleosecular variation curves obtained by previous paleo-reconstruction models, applying statistical bootstrapping analysis to define their best fit. The resulting age models fit closely with the radioisotopic age model but provide a significantly higher time resolution. We reach the same conclusion when applying this approach to another stalagmite from the Algarve region of Portugal. Our approach thus appears a promising alternative to date young speleothems with high detrital contents.
Viscosupplementation in the upper and lower compartments of the temporomandibular joint checked by ultrasonography in an ex vivo and in vivo study
Authors: Januzzi Eduardo , Cunha Thays Crosara Abrahão , Silva Graziella , Souza Beatriz Dulcinéia Mendes , Duarte Adriana Soares Bicalho , Zanini Marcella Rezende Serpa , Andrade Adriana Maria , Pedrosa Alexsander Ribeiro , Custódio Antônio Luís Neto , Castro Maurício Augusto Aquino 
Published: October 2022

AbstractViscosupplementation (VS) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) aims to treat temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) by stimulating synovial cells to improve intracapsular lubrication. The purpose of the present study was to assess a VS protocol planned with the aid of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and checked by ultrasonography (US). The study was carried out in 3 stages. The first was to check the correspondence between the proposed facial reference points and the osseous components of the joint by means of CBCT. In the second stage, the upper and lower compartments of 20 TMJs of fresh frozen cadavers were injected with coloured liquids, and the accuracy of the technique was confirmed by dissecting the anatomical specimens. The third stage consisted of VS in 10 patients (20 TMJs), with real-time verification of the location of the needle tip by means of ultrasonography. CBCT confirmed the correct locations of the marked points used in the proposed VS protocol. The dissections showed that 13 of the 14 injections effectively reached the upper and lower compartments. The location of the needle tip was effectively verified by ultrasonography, confirming the correct access to both compartments. The proposed protocol was effective for accessing the upper and lower compartments of the TMJ. The evaluated protocol proved to be accurate, safe and clinically reproducible means of VS in the upper and lower compartments of the TMJ.
Seasonal nearshore ocean acidification and deoxygenation in the Southern California Bight
Authors: Kekuewa Samuel A. H. , Courtney Travis A. , Cyronak Tyler , Andersson Andreas J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe California Current System experiences seasonal ocean acidification and hypoxia (OAH) owing to wind-driven upwelling, but little is known about the intensity, frequency, and depth distribution of OAH in the shallow nearshore environment. Here we present observations of OAH and dissolved inorganic carbon and nutrient parameters based on monthly transects from March 2017 to September 2018 extending from the surf zone to the ~ 40 m depth contour in La Jolla, California. Biologically concerning OAH conditions were observed at depths as shallow as 10 m and as close as 700 m to the shoreline. Below 20 m depth, 8% of observations were undersaturated with respect to aragonite, 28% of observations had a pHTless than 7.85, and 19% of observations were below the sublethal oxygen threshold of 157 µmol kg−1. These observations raise important questions about the impacts of OAH on coastal organisms and ecosystems and how future intensified upwelling may exacerbate these conditions.
Impacts of Lysinibacillus sphaericus on mosquito larval community composition and larval competition between Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus
Authors: McMillan Joseph R. , Olson Michael M. , Petruff Tanya , Shepard John J. , Armstrong Philip M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEffectiveness of mosquito larvicide active ingredients (AI), such as Lysinibacillus sphaericus, varies between species, yet little is known regarding how differential effectiveness manifests in larval communities in applied settings. To examine how differential effectiveness of L. sphaericus influences larval community dynamics, we performed two experiments. We performed a field experiment in which containers were seeded with a standardized nutrient treatment, mosquitoes colonized the containers, and then containers received one of three L. sphaericus applications. We then performed competition assays between Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus in low nutrient environments using multiple interspecific ratios and the presence/absence of a low dose of L. sphaericus. Field results demonstrated elimination of Culex spp. from treated containers while container breeding Aedes spp. proliferated across all treatments. Lysinibacillus sphaericus did not influence competition between Cx. pipiens and Ae. albopictus, and the L. sphaericus application eliminated Cx. pipiens in all treatment replicates while survival of Ae. albopictus was similar between treated and untreated containers across interspecific ratios. Lysinibacillus sphaericus is an effective AI for control of Culex spp. However, different AIs should be utilized in habitats containing non-Culex genera while a mix of AIs should be utilized where coexistence of multiple genera is expected or confirmed.
Widely applicable, extended flow cytometric stem cell enumeration panel for quality control of advanced cellular products
Authors: Haussmann Katy , Streitz Mathias , Takvorian Anna , Grund Jana , Skenderi Zemra , Tietze-Bürger Carola , Movassaghi Kamran , Künkele Annette , Blum Agnieszka , Bullinger Lars 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe most widely used quality control assay for CD34 + hematopoietic stem cell product characterization is the protocol established by the International Society of Hematotherapy and Graft Engineering (ISHAGE). While this protocol is still the gold standard for stem cell enumeration and viability assessment, it does not include T cell enumeration, which is nowadays mandatory for assaying standard allogeneic grafts and various advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs). In accordance, we have developed and extensively validated a new approach for a more comprehensive characterization of hematopoietic cellular products using a pre-formulated dried antibody format panel. In addition to the counting beads, the typical markers CD45 fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and CD34 phycoerythrin (PE), as well as the viability dye 7-amino actinomycin D (7-AAD), our novel pre-formulated panel also contains CD3 Pacific Blue (PB) and CD19 allophycocyanin (APC) in the same tube, thereby allowing a combined calculation of leucocytes, stem cells, T and B cells. Showing high linearity, sensitivity and accuracy, our approach is easy to implement and enables a more in-depth characterization of the cellular product under release testing conditions. In addition, the dried pre-formulated antibody approach increases assay reliability compared to the standard antibody panel.
Spatial scaling of pollen-plant diversity relationship in landscapes with contrasting diversity patterns
Authors: Abraham Vojtěch , Kuneš Petr , Vild Ondřej , Jamrichová Eva , Plesková Zuzana , Werchan Barbora , Svitavská-Svobodová Helena , Roleček Jan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMitigating the effects of global change on biodiversity requires its understanding in the past. The main proxy of plant diversity, fossil pollen record, has a complex relationship to surrounding vegetation and unknown spatial scale. We explored both using modern pollen spectra in species-rich and species-poor regions in temperate Central Europe. We also considered the biasing effects of the trees by using sites in forests and open habitats in each region. Pollen samples were collected from moss polsters at 60 sites and plant species were recorded along two 1 km-transects at each site. We found a significant positive correlation between pollen and plant richness (alpha diversity) in both complete datasets and for both subsets from open habitats. Pollen richness in forest datasets is not significantly related to floristic data due to canopy interception of pollen rather than to pollen productivity. Variances (beta diversity) of the six pollen and floristic datasets are strongly correlated. The source area of pollen richness is determined by the number of species appearing with increasing distance, which aggregates information on diversity of individual patches within the landscape mosaic and on their compositional similarity. Our results validate pollen as a reconstruction tool for plant diversity in the past.
Oral administration of human carbonic anhydrase I suppresses colitis in a murine inflammatory bowel disease model
Authors: Tange Kazuhiro , Yagi Sen , Takeshita Eiji , Abe Masanori , Yamamoto Yasunori , Tomida Hideomi , Kawamura Tomoe , Hanayama Masakazu , Matsuura Bunzo , Ikeda Yoshiou , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing; hence, effective treatments are warranted. The therapeutic effect of human carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I) in IBD remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether oral tolerization to hCA I would induce antigen-specific protection from intestinal inflammation in vivo. Severe combined immunodeficient mice received hCA I, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) orally for 7 days. Colons and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were collected 4 weeks after cell transfer. Additionally, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects were investigated. The comparison between the effects of well-established drugs and hCA I oral administration was investigated. Oral administration of hCA I ameliorated colitis remarkably. hCA I reached the cecum and ameliorated colitis more effectively than mesalazine and similarly to prednisolone. Compared with PBS treatment, hCA I treatment reduced interleukin (IL)-17a, IL-6, and retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) expression in the colon or MLNs; moreover, hCA I markedly reduced IL-6, IL-17, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in the MLN. Oral administration of hCA I induced immune tolerance and suppressed colitis in vivo. Thus, hCA I administration could be proposed as a new treatment option for IBD.
Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
Authors: Mohsen Farida , Ali Hazrat , El Hajj Nady , Shah Zubair 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHealthcare data are inherently multimodal, including electronic health records (EHR), medical images, and multi-omics data. Combining these multimodal data sources contributes to a better understanding of human health and provides optimal personalized healthcare. The most important question when using multimodal data is how to fuse them—a field of growing interest among researchers. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly machine learning (ML), enable the fusion of these different data modalities to provide multimodal insights. To this end, in this scoping review, we focus on synthesizing and analyzing the literature that uses AI techniques to fuse multimodal medical data for different clinical applications. More specifically, we focus on studies that only fused EHR with medical imaging data to develop various AI methods for clinical applications. We present a comprehensive analysis of the various fusion strategies, the diseases and clinical outcomes for which multimodal fusion was used, the ML algorithms used to perform multimodal fusion for each clinical application, and the available multimodal medical datasets. We followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. We searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to retrieve relevant studies. After pre-processing and screening, we extracted data from 34 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We found that studies fusing imaging data with EHR are increasing and doubling from 2020 to 2021. In our analysis, a typical workflow was observed: feeding raw data, fusing different data modalities by applying conventional machine learning (ML) or deep learning (DL) algorithms, and finally, evaluating the multimodal fusion through clinical outcome predictions. Specifically, early fusion was the most used technique in most applications for multimodal learning (22 out of 34 studies). We found that multimodality fusion models outperformed traditional single-modality models for the same task. Disease diagnosis and prediction were the most common clinical outcomes (reported in 20 and 10 studies, respectively) from a clinical outcome perspective. Neurological disorders were the dominant category (16 studies). From an AI perspective, conventional ML models were the most used (19 studies), followed by DL models (16 studies). Multimodal data used in the included studies were mostly from private repositories (21 studies). Through this scoping review, we offer new insights for researchers interested in knowing the current state of knowledge within this research field.
Terahertz imaging for non-destructive porosity measurements of carbonate rocks
Authors: Bouchard Jacob , Eichmann Shannon L. , Ow Hooisweng , Poitzsch Martin , Petkie Douglas T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWithin the petrochemical industry, accurate measurement of microporosity and its distribution within core samples, particularly those from carbonate reservoirs, has garnered intense interest because studies have suggested that following primary and secondary depletion, a majority of the residual and bypassed oil may reside in these porosities. Ideally, the microporosity and its distribution would be determined accurately, quickly, and efficiently. Imaging techniques are commonly used to characterize the porosity and pores but accurate microporosity characterization can be challenging due to resolution and scale limitations. To this end, this study describes the development and verification of a novel method to characterize microporosity in carbonate rocks using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and exploiting the high signal absorption due to water at these high frequencies. This new method is able to measure microporosity and the results agree well with other bulk measurements and produce microporosity maps which is not possible with many bulk characterization or imaging methods. These microporosity maps show the spatial variation of micropores within a sample and offers insights into the heterogeneity of reservoir materials.
Advanced setup for safe breath sampling and patient monitoring under highly infectious conditions in the clinical environment
Authors: Sukul Pritam , Trefz Phillip , Schubert Jochen K. , Miekisch Wolfram 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBeing the proximal matrix, breath offers immediate metabolic outlook of respiratory infections. However, high viral load in exhalations imposes higher transmission risk that needs improved methods for safe and repeatable analysis. Here, we have advanced the state-of-the-art methods for real-time and offline mass-spectrometry based analysis of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under SARS-CoV-2 and/or similar respiratory conditions. To reduce infection risk, the general experimental setups for direct and offline breath sampling are modified. Certain mainstream and side-stream viral filters are examined for direct and lab-based applications. Confounders/contributions from filters and optimum operational conditions are assessed. We observed immediate effects of infection safety mandates on breath biomarker profiles. Main-stream filters induced physiological and analytical effects. Side-stream filters caused only systematic analytical effects. Observed substance specific effects partly depended on compound’s origin and properties, sampling flow and respiratory rate. For offline samples, storage time, -conditions and -temperature were crucial. Our methods provided repeatable conditions for point-of-care and lab-based breath analysis with low risk of disease transmission. Besides breath VOCs profiling in spontaneously breathing subjects at the screening scenario of COVID-19/similar test centres, our methods and protocols are applicable for moderately/severely ill (even mechanically-ventilated) and highly contagious patients at the intensive care.
Wide-field magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy color centers with randomly oriented micro-diamonds
Authors: Sengottuvel Saravanan , Mrózek Mariusz , Sawczak Mirosław , Głowacki Maciej J. , Ficek Mateusz , Gawlik Wojciech , Wojciechowski Adam M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMagnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond has gained significant interest among researchers in recent years. Absolute knowledge of the three-dimensional orientation of the magnetic field is necessary for many applications. Conventional magnetometry measurements are usually performed with NV ensembles in a bulk diamond with a thin NV layer or a scanning probe in the form of a diamond tip, which requires a smooth sample surface and proximity of the probing device, often limiting the sensing capabilities. Our approach is to use micro- and nano-diamonds for wide-field detection and mapping of the magnetic field. In this study, we show that NV color centers in randomly oriented submicrometer-sized diamond powder deposited in a thin layer on a planar surface can be used to detect the magnetic field. Our work can be extended to irregular surfaces, which shows a promising path for nanodiamond-based photonic sensors.
In vitro and ex vivo anti-myeloma effects of nanocomposite As4S4/ZnS/Fe3O4
Authors: Cholujova Danka , Koklesova Lenka , Lukacova Bujnakova Zdenka , Dutkova Erika , Valuskova Zuzana , Beblava Patricia , Matisova Anna , Sedlak Jan , Jakubikova Jana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNanoparticles in medicine can integrate actively targeted imaging agents and drug delivery vehicles, and combining multiple types of therapeutics in a single particle has numerous advantages, especially in multiple myeloma. MM is an incurable hematological disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. In this study, we evaluated the anti-myeloma activity of 3 nanocomposites (3NPs): As4S4/ZnS/Fe3O4 (1:4:1), As4S4/ZnS/Fe3O4 with folic acid (FA), and As4S4/ZnS/Fe3O4 with FA and albumin with reduced survival MM cell lines and primary MM samples by each of 3NP. Cytotoxic effects of 3NPs were associated with caspase- and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induction and reduced c-Myc expression. Modulation of cell cycle regulators, such as p-ATM/ATM and p-ATR/ATR, and increases in p-Chk2, cyclin B1, and histones were accompanied by G2/M arrest triggered by 3NPs. In addition, 3NPs activated several myeloma-related signaling, including JNK1/2/3, ERK1/2 and mTOR. To overcome BM microenvironment-mediated drug resistance, nanocomposites retained its anti-MM activity in the presence of stroma. 3NPs significantly decreased the stem cell-like side population in MM cells, even in the context of stroma. We observed strong synergistic effects of 3NPs combined with lenalidomide, pomalidomide, or melphalan, suggesting the potential of these combinations for future clinical studies.
New Schiff base ligand and its novel Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) complexes: spectral investigation, biological applications, and semiconducting properties
Authors: El-ghamry Mosad A. , Elzawawi Fatma M. , Aziz Ayman A. Abdel , Nassir Khadija M. , Abu-El-Wafa Samy M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNew Schiff base ligand, derived from antiviral valacyclovir, and its novel Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) complexes have been synthesized. By using a variety of analytical and spectroscopic techniques, the type of bonding between the ligand and the metal ions in the recently formed complexes was clarified. The Schiff base ligand act as a bidentate and coordinated with the metal ions through the azomethine-N and the phenolic-O centers, in a mono-deprotonated form. Except for the Zn(II) complex, which displayed a tetrahedral geometry, all complexes displayed octahedral geometry. The TGA findings supported that the stability and decomposition properties of the metal complexes were entirely distinct from one another. The thermogram showed decomposition of all investigated metal complexes above 200 °C in three, four or five steps, and indicated the high thermal stability of these complexes. According to XRD patterns, the particles of these complexes were located at the nanoscale. Moreover, for all the samples analyzed, the TEM images showed uniform and homogeneous surface morphology. The biological activity revealing the high efficiencies of the screened complexes as antibacterial and antitumor agents. The antimicrobial activity of the ligand and its complexes was examined against a variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The data obtained revealed that the metal ion in the complexes enhanced the antimicrobial activity compared to the free ligand. The high efficiencies toward S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans appeared by Cu(II) complex 23, Ni(II) complex 20, and Ni(II) complex 19, respectively. The antitumor activity of the ligand and its complexes was tested against Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG-2 cells), the residue 28 which produced after heating the Cu(II) complex 25 at 200 °C for 1 h, exhibited strong inhibition of HepG-2 cell growth. The results of the DNA cleavage investigation demonstrated the ability of investigated Cu(II) complex to degrade DNA. The docking findings showed strong interactions of both the ligand and its examined Cu(II) complex, revealing their ability to cleavage DNA and their potent inhibitory effects on tumor cells. The electrical conductivity study confirmed that the ligand and its investigated complexes had semiconducting properties.