bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pentixafor as a Theranostic Agent in Rectal and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Outcomes From a Pilot Study
Authors: burge matthew edward , Ahern Elizabeth , Thomas Paul , Campbell Louise , Latter Melissa , Eastgate Melissa , Wyld David , Clark David A , Stevenson Andrew R.L , O’Rourke Nicholas , Cavallucci David , Bryant Richard 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Accurate staging is essential in the management of pancreatic and rectal adenocarcinomas, and where prognosis after management of advanced, unresectable disease remains poor, further treatment options are urgently needed. CXCR4 is the receptor for chemokine CXCL12, with enriched expression in malignant compared with normal tissue, and putative tumorigenic signalling functions. Pentixafor, a peptide targeting CXCR4, is a theranostic agent capable of being labelled with gallium-68 (Ga-68) for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and lutetium-177 (Lu-177) for therapy. Using PET scanning, we sought to explore the potential utility of pentixafor as a theranostic agent by examining avidity of Ga-68-pentixafor uptake in a pilot study of patients diagnosed with rectal or pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: We performed a single-arm, prospective, single-institution pilot study. Patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic or rectal adenocarcinoma received Ga-68-pentixafor-PET in addition to the usual clinical and radiologic workup for their disease. Suitability for peptide receptor radionucleotide therapy (PRRT) was judged using the Thera-P trial criteria[1]. Using binomial probability, a target of 12 patients was set for recruitment for each cancer cohort, given that if more than seven patients demonstrated insufficient uptake, there would be 95% confidence that a sensitivity threshold which would be deemed to warrant further investigation in a larger study (85%) would not be met. Results Pentixafor-PET was administered to 8 rectal cancer patients and 9 PDAC patients and no adverse events were noted. Low-to-moderate levels of pentixafor tracer avidity was demonstrated at all sites of primary disease, most sites of nodal metastatic disease and some distant metastases in each cohort, although less uptake relative to Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)PET/CT was noted suggesting that use of pentixafor is inferior to FDG in staging. No patients satisfied PRRT suitability criteria and further recruitment was terminated.Conclusion: In this small pilot study, insufficient pentixafor avidity was demonstrated in cases of rectal cancer and PDAC to warrant further exploration as a potential candidate for radionuclide therapy. Trial registration: Australia and new Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. registered 27th April 2017. ACTRN12617000595314. ACTRN12617000596303
Some Consideration About Mask Penetration: Influence of Material Properties, Particle Size and its Morphology As Well As Particle Physical Quantities
Authors: Ajtai T. , Kun-Szabó F. , Hodovány Sz. , Szabó G. , Bozóki Z. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this work composition, size, morphology and other physical quantities dependency of the most widespread face respirators and surgery masks are investigated using different aerosol sources in the submicron size domain. The airborne filtration efficiency of the sample materials are also demonstrated here. We have experimentally demonstrated high filtration efficiency of NaCl, soot, DEHS and distilled water as well as airborne aerosols with limited size dependency. Using different mixing of distilled water and Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) surface tension dependency of filtration efficiency have been also quantified. It is experimentally demonstrated that the filtration efficiency is increased with increasing surface tension and the highest filtration efficiency have been realised with salvia equivalent surface tension value regardless of the sampled respirators or surgery mask. Finally, we also experimentally demonstrated that respirators has higher filtration efficiency than that of surgery mask and that the exhalation direction of the flow has negligible effect on filtration efficiency in all samples.
Glucose metabolism 3-gene signature associates with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma as a hallmark of tumor microenvironment evolution and progression
Authors: Wang Lihua , Chen Junbo , Huang Qianying , Chen Di , Meng Qishan , Wang Mengting , Chen Jiayao , Zhao Liqian , Cheng Wenjian , Jin Pinyan , Chen Jinmiao , Zhong Sijia , Sun Hanxiao , Wang Peiyu , Thompson Erik W , Chen Tongke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

At present, immunotherapy has become an established treatment for cancer. Recently, we have realized that tumor metabolism has a huge impact on the shaping of immune reactivity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Exploration of the tumor metabolic and immunocellular response reveals metabolic vulnerability as a therapeutic window for intervention to enhance immunotherapy. The clinical significance of glycolysis and its role in tumor-immune evolution have not been fully explored. Understanding the relationships between glycolysis, TME evolution and disease progression is of great significance for optimizing immunotherapy of liver cancer.
Methods

A glycolysis-related biomarker signature was initially identified in transcriptomic data within The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n=424). Predicted overall survival (OS) for the gene signature in the GSE54236 dataset (n=161) and our HCC cohort (n=132) was subsequently independently verified. The relative number of immune cells in the microenvironment was calculated using CIBERSORT. CCK-8, IHC, Transwell and Seahorse were used to assess the effects of a 3-gene signature on the malignant phenotype of liver cancer.
Results

A 3-gene signature of glycolysis significantly associated with poor OS was identified. Based on a multi-omics research strategy, we found the 3-gene signature was closely related to the evolution of liver cancer TME and disease progression, and was associated with liver cancer mutation load and immune evolution. High-risk patients have inhibition and depletion of the immune TME and immune escape through antigen presentation inhibition. Remarkably, the 3-gene signature can predict the clinical outcomes of HCC patients with different clinical subtypes.
Conclusions

Our investigation of the 3-gene signature provided evidence for tumor metabolism-immune co-evolution along HCC progression. The 3-gene signature for stratification of liver cancer risk has robust predictive power, both at the RNA and protein levels.
Aggressive behaviour of anti-vaxxers and their toxic replies in English and Japanese
Authors: Miyazaki Kunihiro , Uchiba Takayuki , Tanaka Kenji , Sasahara Kazutoshi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The anti-vaccine movement has been gaining traction in many countries since the COVID-19 pandemic began. However, their aggressive behaviour in replies—the form of directed messaging that can be sent beyond follow-follower relationships—is still less understood, and even less so about their differences in languages. We conducted a comparative study of anti-vaxxers’ aggressive behaviours by analysing a longitudinal dataset of COVID-19 tweets in English and Japanese. We found two common features across these languages. First, anti-vaxxers most actively transmit targeted messages or replies to users with different beliefs, especially to neutral accounts, with significantly toxic and negative languages; these replies are often directed to posts about vaccine operations. Second, the influential users with many followers and/or with titles are more likely to receive the most toxic replies from the anti-vaxxers. However, pro-vaccine accounts with a few followers even receive highly toxic replies in English, which calls for a special aid different from the Japanese case. These results provide insights into both language dependent and independent countermeasures against anti-vaxxers’ aggressive behaviour.
Are the new atmospheric health risk substances EPFRs oxidatively toxic? : Results from a large urban road dust study in Northwest China
Authors: Li Hao , CHEN Qingcai , Wang Chao , Wang Ruihe , Yang Xiqi , Dyussenova Ainur , Wang Yuqin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is an important factor of premature human mortality due to PM inhalation. However, the toxic and hazardous components contained within the atmospheric PM are still not fully identified. Environmental persistent free radicals (EPFRs), a novel environmental health risk substance in the atmosphere, have been hypothesized to be important contributors to human respiratory health risks due to their potential to enhance the oxidation potential of PM, but this hypothesis has not been compelling confirmed in the actual atmospheric environment. Therefore, the fugitive characteristics of EPFRs in dust and their potential oxidative toxicity were investigated by using road dust from a mention city in northwest China. The research results showed that the road dust in Xi'an is rich in C-centered EPFRs ((6.6±5.0) ×1017 spins/g), and its half-life can reach 4.5 years. Water-insoluble dust was the main contributor (71%) to the oxidative toxicity of road dust, showing a rapid toxicity-producing process, while the rate of oxidative toxicity production was more constant for water-soluble dust. The contribution of the EPFRs dominant factor to the total dust oxidative toxicity was estimated to be 17% based on the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, and up to 33% for water-insoluble dust oxidative toxicity. Metals and organic carbon were the main contributing components to the oxidative toxicity of the WS fraction. Summarily, this study demonstrated that the EPFRs are an important contributor to the oxidative toxicity of in actual atmospheric PM, and their oxidative toxicity is dependent on the type of free radicals, providing important insights into what other potentially toxic substances contribute to the oxidative toxicity of atmospheric PM.
Unravelling the dependence of a wild bee on floral diversity and composition using a feeding experiment
Authors: Filipiak Zuzanna , Denisow Bozena , Stawiarz Ernest , Filipiak Michał 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We investigated nutrition as a potential mechanism underlying the link between floral diversity/composition and wild bee performance. The health, resilience, and fitness of bees may be limited by a lack of nutritionally balanced larval food (pollen), influencing the entire population, even if adults are not limited nutritionally by the availability and quality of their food (mainly nectar). We hypothesized that the nutritional quality of bee larval food is indirectly connected to the species diversity of pollen provisions and is directly driven by the pollen species composition. Therefore, the accessibility of specific, nutritionally desirable key plant species for larvae might promote bee populations. Using a fully controlled feeding experiment, we simulated different pollen resources that could be available to bees in various environments, reflecting potential changes in floral species diversity and composition that could be caused by landscape changes. Suboptimal concentrations of certain nutrients in pollen produced by specific plant species resulted in reduced bee fitness. The negative effects were alleviated when scarce nutrients were added to these pollen diets. The scarcity of specific nutrients was associated with certain plant species but not with plant diversity. Thus, one of the mechanisms underlying the decreased fitness of wild bees in homogenous landscapes may be nutritional imbalance, i.e., the scarcity of specific nutrients associated with the presence of certain plant species and not with species diversity in pollen provisions eaten by larvae. Accordingly, we provide a conceptual representation of how the floral species composition and diversity can impact bee populations by affecting fitness-related life history traits. Additionally, we suggest that mixes of ‘bee-friendly’ plants used to improve the nutritional base for wild bees should be composed considering the local flora to supplement bees with vital nutrients that are scarce in the considered environment.
Who Would Benefit From Nasointestinal Tube in Small Bowel Obstruction?— A Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhang Jun-rong , Chen Shuai , Hou Ping , Chen Qing-feng , Weng Zong-qi , Shang-guan Xin-chang , Lin Bing-qiang , Chen Xian-qiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Nasointestinal tubes (NITs) have been increasingly used in patients with small bowel obstruction (SBO); However, severe adverse events (SAEs) of NITs might threaten the lives of patients. The indications of NITs need to be identified. This study was designed to explore the indications for the insertion of NITs in patients with SBO and to suggest the optimal strategies for individuals based on the outcomes of SAEs.Methods: After propensity score matching, 68 pairs were included (Success group and failure group). The occurrence of SAEs and the clinical parameters were compared between the SAE group and the non-SAE group. Independent risk factors were evaluated among the subgroups. A novel scoring system was established to detect the subgroups that would benefit from NITs insertion.Results: Successful implementation of NITs could avoid hypochloremia (p=0.010), SAEs (p=0.001), pneumonia (p=0.006). SAEs occurred in 13 of 136 (9.6%) patients who accepted NITs insertion treatment. Risk factors for SAEs included tumors (p=0.002), reduced BMI (p=0.048), reduced hemoglobin (p=0.001), abnormal activated partial thromboplastin time (p=0.015) and elevated white blood cells (p=0.002). A novel risk scoring system consists of hemoglobin before NITs insertion (95% CI: 0.685, 0.893) and bowel obstruction symptoms relieved after NITs insertion (95% CI: 0.575, 0.900) had the highest area under curve (AUC) for predicting the occurrence of SAEs. We divided the risk score system into 3 grades, with the increasing grades, the rates of SAEs surged from 1.3% (1/74) to (6/11) 54.5%.Conclusion: NITs successfully insertion could avoid SAEs occurrence in SBO conservative treatment. SBO patients without anemia and could be relieved after NITs insertion could be the potential benefit group for this therapy.
Urban stormwater management for sustainable and resilient measures and practices: a review
Authors: Rentachintala Lakshmi Raghu Nagendra Prasad , Reddy M. G. Muni , Mohapatra Pranab Kumar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStormwater drainage in urban areas has become a challenge due to the rapid and random growth of urban areas, removal of vegetation, reduction in the effectiveness of drainage infrastructure, and climate change. Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS), Low Impact Development (LID), Best Management Practices (BMP), Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) and the Sponge City Programme (SCP) are various aspects for urban stormwater management in a few parts of the world. Urban hydrology plays a vital role in the urban stormwater management system. However, optimal results can only be possible when the combined effect of climate change, land use patterns, reuse, treatment, ecology, and societal aspects are considered. There is a need to provide sustainable and resilient urban drainage systems to manage stormwater more efficiently. The present review has thoroughly discussed various features related to urban stormwater management, highlighted key drivers, identified knowledge gaps in each of the measures and/or practices, recommended future research needs of urban stormwater management to become sustainable and resilient. Integrated modelling approaches considering various key drivers including reuse and real time governance enables stormwater management to be sustainable and resilient in urban environments.
Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 and its Dynamic Regulation Associated
with Cellular Processes and Diseases
Authors: Wu Weiwei , Liu Baohua , Pang Qiuxiang , Wu Hao , Zhang Yichao , Liu Shuo , Liu Dongwu , Li Ao , Deng Hongkuan , Zhang Xiuzhen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins influence protein degradation, protein-
protein interactions, expression of genes, and intracellular signal transduction, thereby regulating
major life processes. Among the PTMs occurring within the cytoplasm and nucleus, the most
commonly studied one is the arginine methylation of proteins catalyzed by PRMTs. PRMT1 is the
most excellent and extensively studied member of the PRMT family. PRMT1 occurs in various isoforms,
and the unique sequence splicing of each of these isoforms encodes differential proteins that
exhibit different cellular localization, substrate specificity, and enzyme activity. In addition to
methylating histones, PRMT1 also methylates a large number of non-histone substrates that regulate
a broad range of cellular processes. In recent years, research has revealed an increasing number
of pathological diseases caused by the misregulation and aberrant expression of PRMT1, demonstrating
the potential of PRMT1 as an effective biomarker for drug targets. In this context, the
present study discusses the structural characteristics and the biological functions of PRMT1.

Practical applications:
Several diseases originate from aberrant post-translational modifications.
The misregulation of the arginine methylation of proteins, which is regulated by PRMTs and influences
a series of cellular activities, leads to developmental abnormalities and physiological diseases.
PRMT1, which accounts for 85% of the activity of PRMTs, is involved in several cellular processes
occurring in various diseases. Multiple inhibitors have been developed and studied for their
potential as biomarkers and suitable drug targets in clinical application. The present report summarizes
the findings of the most recent studies focusing on the structural characteristics, splicing,
substrates, and biological functions of PRMT1, to contribute to future research for deciphering the
molecular mechanisms of PRMT1 and drug improvement.
Repurposing Novel Antagonists for Targeting p7 Viroporin of HCV Using
In Silico Approach
Authors: Dwivedi Varsha , Gupta Rakesh Kumar , Gupta Amita , Chaudhary Vijay K , Gupta Sanjay , Gupta Vandana 
Published: January 2022

Background:
P7 viroporin in HCV is a cation-selective ion channel-forming protein,
functional in the oligomeric form. It is considered to be a potential target for anti-HCV compounds due to
its crucial role in viral entry, assembly, and release.

Method:
Conserved crucial residues present in HCV p7 protein were delineated from the available
literature with a specific focus on the genotypes 3a and 1b prevalent in India. Using the Flex-X docking
tool, a library of FDA-approved drugs was docked on the receptor sites prepared around crucial residues.
In the present study, we proposed drug repurposing to target viroporin p7, which may help in the rapid
development of effective anti-HCV therapies.

Results:
With our approach of poly-pharmacology, a variety of drugs currently identified as antibiotics, antiparasitic,
antiemetic, anti-retroviral, and anti-neoplastic were found to dock successfully on the p7 viroporin.
Noteworthy among these are general-purpose cephalosporin antibiotics, leucal, phthalylsulfathiazole, and
granisetron, which may be useful in acute HCV infection, and anti-neoplastic sorafenib and nilotinib,
which may be valuable in advanced HCV-HCC cases.

Conclusion:
This study could pave the way for quick repurposing of these compounds as anti-HCV
therapeutics.
Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Benzo[c]chromen-6-
one-linked 1,2,3-Triazole
Authors: Tupychak Mykola A. , Finiuk Nataliya S. , Stoika Rostyslav S. , Martyak Roman L. , Pokhodylo Nazariy T. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The 1,2,3-triazole hybrids and conjugates containing natural or related compounds
motif demonstrate diverse biological activities, including anticancer, antimicrobial, antitubercular,
antiviral, antidiabetic, antimalarial, anti-leishmanial, and neuroprotective ones. Among a wide
range of pharmacological applications, considerable attention is paid to the study of anticancer activity. In
anticancer research, combining 1,2,3-triazole with other motifs, previously demonstrating antiproliferative
activity into one hybrid molecule, is a common strategy for the creation of new bioactive molecules.
The CuAAC (copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition) is a very convenient reaction for the rapid
construction of drug-like 1,2,3-triazoles at room temperature in a short time.

Methods:
Based on the pharmacophore strategy, a virtual combinatorial library of benzo[c]chromen-6-
one linked 1,2,3-triazole derivatives was designed and lead-likeness and molecular analysis were performed.
Selected compounds were synthesized via CuAAC click reaction and the chemical structures of
all new 1,2,3-triazole hybrids were proved by 1H, 13C NMR, MS and elemental analyses. Their anticancer
activity in the human cancer cell lines was evaluated using the MTT assay.

Results:
A virtual in silico screening of novel benzo[c]chromen-6-one linked 1,2,3-triazole was carried
out in order to discover potential antitumor agents. The synthesis of promising compounds was carried
out via СuAAC reaction, and their antineoplastic action was studied on human tumor cells of HL-60,
HCT116, HCT116 p53-/-, Skov3, U251, MDA231 lines. Their cytotoxic effect towards pseudo-normal
human cells of HaCaT line was also evaluated. 2-((1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-6H-benzo[c]chromen-
6-one (4c) with pyridin-3-yl substituent demonstrated the highest antiproliferative action in vitro (IC50
79.5 μM) towards human leukemia cells of HL-60 line, while all tested compounds at >100 μM concentration
were tolerant for non-tumor human keratinocytes of HaCaT line.

Conclusion:
A novel benzo[c]chromen-6-one linked 1,2,3-triazoles exhibiting promising in vitro anticancer
activity and low toxicity were designed. This study suggests new scaffolds for the development of
anti-cancer drugs, which could be easily further optimized via the convenient synthetic procedure.
Green Tea Catechins Against COVID-19: Lower COVID-19 Morbidity
and Mortality in Countries with Higher per capita Green Tea Consumption
Authors: Storozhuk Maksim 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Several vaccines are currently validated for COVID-19 prevention and
mass vaccination has already been started in many countries. Nevertheless, it is likely that the development
of an efficient therapy that reduces COVID-19 severity/mortality would be still important
for a rather prolonged time, in particular, due to new variants of SARS-CoV-2. Several lines of
emerging evidence suggest that green tea catechins such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate have direct
anti-viral activity and affect factors associated with COVID-19 severity.

Objective:
Considering that green tea catechins are major constituents of green tea, it may be expected
that countries with higher per capita green tea consumption would be less affected by
COVID-19. This study assessed this possibility.

Methods:
Among countries with a population of at least 3 million (n=134), those with relatively
high (above 150 g) per capita green tea consumption have been identified (n=21); (ii) normalized
to population values of COVID-19 cases (morbidity) and deaths (mortality) for groups of countries
with high and low per capita green tea consumption were compared.

Results:
Striking differences in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality between groups of countries
with ‘high’ and ‘low’ green tea consumption were found. The differences were still observed after
the adjustment for the onset of the disease. An analysis using the multiple linear regression approach
suggests that the associations are present at the level of individual countries.

Conclusions:
Results of this study, taken together with emerging pharmacological evidence,
suggest that green tea catechins can give valuable clues for the treatment/amelioration of
COVID-19.