bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of soil-borne entomopathogenic fungi against subterranean termite, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
Authors: Kamarudin Muhammad Amali , Abdullah Sumaiyah , Lau Wei Hong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) is a subterranean termite that poses serious damage to oil palm and rubber trees. Chemical pesticides could cause negative effect to human and the environment in long-term usage. The use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) to suppress the population of subterranean termites is in favour when compared to chemical pesticides because they do not harm to the environment and non-target organisms. The study aimed to isolate and identify the EPF from the soil using yellow mealworm larvae of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus in the baiting method and assessed their efficacy against subterranean termite, C. curvignathus.

Result
Eleven EPF isolates were successfully isolated from the oil palm plantation in Universiti Putra Malaysia, namely: Aspergillus auricomus (UPM-A1C-1), A. caelatus (UPM-A1C-2), Metarhizium anisopliae var anisopliae (UPM-A2C-1, UPM-A3C-1, UPM-A3C-2, UPM-A5C-1 and UPM-A10C-1), Purpureocillium lilacinum (UPM-A2C-3 and UPM-A7C-1), Cordyceps javanica (UPM-A2C-5), and M. pinghaense (UPM-A13C-2). The identity of these EPF were confirmed by morphological and molecular characteristics. All EPF yielded 100% mortality in C. curvignathus in 10 days after inoculation (DAI), except UPM-A1C-1 and UPM-A1C-2 after exposure to 1 × 107 conidia ml−1. UPM-A2C-5 Cordyceps javanica yielded the highest mycelia formation (69%) after 6 DAI. The LT50 values varied from 3.90 to 7.75 days. UPM A2C-1 M. anisopliae var anisopliae showed the lowest LT50 (3.90 days), while UPM-A1C-1 Aspergillus auricomus showed the highest LT50 (7.75 days). The lowest LC50 value (1.49 × 105 conidia ml−1) was recorded in UPM A2C-1 M. anisopliae var anisopliae.

Conclusions
The present study confirmed the soilborne EPF with potential insecticidal activity against C. curvignathus. UPM-A2C-1 M. anisopliae var anisopliae was a potential biological control agent against Subterranean termite, C. curvignathus due to its virulence score and high percentage of mycelia formation after 6 DAI. The data reported in the present study, particularly using P. lilacinum, M. pinghaense, Aspergillus auricomus, A. caelatus and C. javanica with potential insecticidal activity against C. curvignathus, are new records.
Hybrid optical parametrically-oscillating emitter at 1930 nm for volumetric photoacoustic imaging of water content
Authors: Shi Jiawei , Li Mingsheng , Tang Huajun , Kang Jiqiang , Sharmin Najia , Rosenthal Amir , Wong Kenneth K. Y. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWater plays a vital role in biological metabolism and it would be essential to trace the water content non-invasively, such as leveraging the vibrational absorption peak of the O–H bond. However, due to the lack of an efficient laser source, it was challenging to image the water content in the deep tissue with micron-level spatial resolution. To address this problem, we develop a high-power hybrid optical parametrically-oscillating emitter (HOPE) at 1930 nm, at which the vibrational absorption peak of the O–H bond locates. The maximum pulse energy is over 1.74 μJ with a pulse repetition rate of 50 kHz and a pulse width of 15 ns. We employ this laser source in the optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) system to image the water content in the phantom and the biological tissue in vitro. Our 1930-nm OR-PAM could map the water content in the complex tissue environment at high spatial resolution, deep penetration depth, improved sensitivity, and suppressed artifact signal of the lipid.
Development of a workflow for processing ground-penetrating radar data from multiconcurrent receivers
Authors: Angelis Dimitrios , Warren Craig , Diamanti Nectaria , Martin James , Peter Annan A. 
Published: April 2022

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) systems with multiconcurrent sampling receivers can rapidly acquire dense multioffset GPR data, which are not feasible using typical common-offset (CO) GPR systems with a single fixed offset transmitter-receiver pair. Multioffset GPR data from these new multiconcurrent receiver systems have the potential to be used to create detailed subsurface velocity models and enhanced reflection sections. These are important features that can improve qualitative and quantitative interpretation of GPR data. To realize these benefits and to deal with the large amount of multioffset data generated by these new systems, we have developed an automated and customized data processing workflow. There are three key algorithms that we have developed as part of our workflow, which is crucial for processing large volume, multioffset GPR data so as: first, to efficiently correct and manage time misalignments from multiconcurrent receivers; second, to carry out trace balancing of common-midpoint data for semblance analysis; and third, to automate the velocity analysis step. We showcase our processing workflow using two field data sets acquired using a multiconcurrent sampling receiver GPR system consisting of one transmitter and seven receivers. The field data were collected at two different locations: a site using a system with a 500 MHz center frequency and another site using a system with a 1000 MHz center frequency. We have determined, with both data sets, that our processing workflow could produce automated stacking velocity fields and enhanced zero-offset reflection cross sections. These benefits increase the information that can be used for interpretation (compared with conventional CO data) and can form the basis of further processing steps such as migration. As the cost of these multiconcurrent sampling receiver systems decreases over time, we anticipate their use, and the acquisition of dense multioffset GPR data, to become much more commonplace.
Somatic Mutation Profiling in Head and Neck Paragangliomas
Authors: Savvateeva Maria , Kudryavtseva Anna , Lukyanova Elena , Kobelyatskaya Anastasiya , Pavlov Vladislav , Fedorova Maria , Pudova Elena , Guvatova Zulfiya , Kalinin Dmitry , Golovyuk Alexander , Bulavkina Elizaveta , Katunina Irina , Krasnov George , Snezhkina Anastasiya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractContextHead and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) are rare neoplasms with a high degree of heritability. Paragangliomas present as polygenic diseases caused by combined alterations in multiple genes; however, many driver changes remain unknown.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to analyze somatic mutation profiles in HNPGLs.MethodsWhole-exome sequencing of 42 tumors and matched normal tissues obtained from Russian patients with HNPGLs was carried out. Somatic mutation profiling included variant calling and utilizing MutSig and SigProfiler packages.Results57% of patients harbored germline and somatic variants in paraganglioma (PGL) susceptibility genes or potentially related genes. Somatic variants in novel genes were found in 17% of patients without mutations in any known PGL-related genes. The studied cohort was characterized by 6 significantly mutated genes: SDHD, BCAS4, SLC25A14, RBM3, TP53, and ASCC1, as well as 4 COSMIC single base substitutions (SBS)-96 mutational signatures (SBS5, SBS29, SBS1, and SBS7b). Tumors with germline variants specifically displayed SBS11 and SBS19, when an SBS33-specific mutational signature was identified for cases without those. Beta allele frequency analysis of copy number variations revealed loss of heterozygosity of the wild-type allele in 1 patient with germline mutation c.287-2A&gt;G in the SDHB gene. In patients with germline mutation c.A305G in the SDHD gene, frequent potential loss of chromosome 11 was observed.ConclusionThese results give an understanding of somatic changes and the mutational landscape associated with HNPGLs and are important for the identification of molecular mechanisms involved in tumor development.
Expression-based Genome-wide Association Study Links OPN and IL1-RA With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes in Children
Authors: Jia Xiaofan , Toda Kyoko , He Ling , Miao Dongmei , Yamada Satoru , Yu Liping , Kodama Keiichi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractContextIslet autoantibodies (IAbs) are currently the most reliable indicators of islet autoimmunity. However, IAbs do not fully meet the need for the prediction and intervention of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Serological proteins should be great sources for biomarkers.ObjectiveThis work aimed to identify new proteomic biomarkers with the technology of an expression-based genome-wide association study (eGWAS) in children newly diagnosed with T1D.MethodsIn an attempt to identify additional biomarkers, we performed an eGWAS using microarray data from 169 arrays of the pancreatic islets of T1D rodents (78 T1D cases and 91 controls). We ranked all 16 099 protein-coding genes by the likelihood of differential expression in the pancreatic islets. Our top 20 secreted proteins were screened in 170 children including 100 newly diagnosed T1D, and 50 type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 20 age-matched healthy children. With 6 proteins showing significance, we further conducted a validation study using the second independent set of 400 samples from children including 200 newly diagnosed with T1D, 100 T2D, and 100 age-matched controls.ResultsWe identified 2 serum proteins that were significantly changed in T1D vs both control and T2D, and 5 serum proteins were significantly changed both in T1D and T2D vs control. Serum osteopontin (OPN) levels were uniquely higher in T1D (T1D vs controls, P = 1.29E-13 ~ 9.38E-7, T1D vs T2D, P = 2.65E-8 ~ 1.58E-7) with no difference between T2D and healthy control individuals. Serum interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) levels were lower in T1D compared both with T2D (P = 3.36E-9~0.0236) and healthy participants (P = 1.09E-79 ~ 2.00E-12).ConclusionOur results suggest that OPN and IL1-RA could be candidates for useful biomarkers for T1D in children.
Radiomorphological signs and clinical severity of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7
Authors: Simon Judit , Grodecki Kajetan , Cadet Sebastian , Killekar Aditya , Slomka Piotr , Zara Samuel James , Zsarnóczay Emese , Nardocci Chiara , Nagy Norbert , Kristóf Katalin , Vásárhelyi Barna , Müller Veronika , Merkely Béla , Dey Damini , Maurovich-Horvat Pál 
Published: April 2022

Objective: We aimed to assess the differences in the severity and chest-CT radiomorphological signs of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and non-B.1.1.7 variants. Methods: We collected clinical data of consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and chest-CT imaging who were admitted to the Emergency Department between September 1– November 13, 2020 (non-B.1.1.7 cases) and March 1–March 18, 2021 (B.1.1.7 cases). We also examined the differences in the severity and radiomorphological features associated with COVID-19 pneumonia. Total pneumonia burden (%), mean attenuation of ground-glass opacities and consolidation were quantified using deep-learning research software. Results: The final population comprised 500 B.1.1.7 and 500 non-B.1.1.7 cases. Patients with B.1.1.7 infection were younger (58.5 ± 15.6 vs 64.8 ± 17.3; p < .001) and had less comorbidities. Total pneumonia burden was higher in the B.1.1.7 patient group (16.1% [interquartile range (IQR):6.0–34.2%] vs 6.6% [IQR:1.2–18.3%]; p < .001). In the age-specific analysis, in patients <60 years B.1.1.7 pneumonia had increased consolidation burden (0.1% [IQR:0.0–0.7%] vs 0.1% [IQR:0.0–0.2%]; p < .001), and severe COVID-19 was more prevalent (11.5% vs  4.9%; p = .032). Mortality rate was similar in all age groups. Conclusion: Despite B.1.1.7 patients were younger and had fewer comorbidities, they experienced more severe disease than non-B.1.1.7 patients, however, the risk of death was the same between the two groups. Advances in knowledge: Our study provides data on deep-learning based quantitative lung lesion burden and clinical outcomes of patients infected by B.1.1.7 VOC. Our findings might serve as a model for later investigations, as new variants are emerging across the globe.
Observer agreement of imaging measurements used for evaluation of dentofacial deformity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Fischer Johannes , Halbig Josefine , Augdal Thomas , Angenete Oskar , Stoustrup Peter Bangsgaard , Dahl Kristensen Kasper , Slåttelid Skeie Marit , Tylleskär Karin , Rosén Annika , Shi Xieqi , Rosendahl Karen 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To examine the precision of imaging measures commonly used to assess mandibular morphology in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Secondly, to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the measurement of condylar height. Methods: Those included were children diagnosed with JIA during 2015–18 who had had an MRI, a CBCT of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and a lateral cephalogram (ceph) of the head within one month of each other. Agreement within and between observers and methods was examined using Bland-Altman mean-difference plots and 95% limits of agreement (LOA). A 95% LOA within 15% of the sample mean was considered acceptable. Minimal detectable change (MDC) within and between observers was estimated. Results: 90 patients (33 males) were included, with a mean age of 12.8 years. For MRI, intra- and interobserver 95% LOA were relatively narrow for total mandibular length: 9.6% of the sample mean. For CBCT, condylar height, both intra- and interobserver 95% LOA were wide: 16.0 and 28.4% of the sample mean, respectively. For ceph, both intra- and interobserver 95% LOA were narrow for the SNA-angle and gonion angle: 5.9 and 8% of the sample mean, and 6.2 and 6.8%, respectively. Conclusions: We have identified a set of precise measurements for facial morphology assessments in JIA, including one MRI-based (total mandibular length), one CBCT-based (condylar height), and three ceph-based. Condylar height was higher for MRI than for CBCT; however, the measurement was too imprecise for clinical use. MDC was also determined for a series of measurements.
Influence of artefacts generated by titanium and zirconium implants in the study of trabecular bone architecture in cone-beam CT images
Authors: Vitulli Ivana , Fontenele Rocharles Cavalcante , Nascimento Eduarda Helena Leandro , Freitas Deborah Queiroz 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of artefacts generated by titanium and zirconium implants on trabecular bone architecture assessment through cone-beam CT (CBCT). The influence of kilovoltage (kVp) and metal artefact reduction (MAR) in such analysis was also assessed. Methods: CBCT scans were obtained with Picasso Trio with or without a titanium or zirconium implants in a posterior region of a mandible using 70, 80 or 90 kVp, with or without MAR. The other acquisition settings were constant: field of view 8 × 5 cm, voxel size 0.2 mm, 5 mA, 24 s and 720 frames. Two volumes of interest (VOIs) were determined comprising trabecular bone mesial and distal to the implant area. The following morphometric parameters were measured: connectivity density (Conn. Dn.), fractal dimension (FD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone surface density (BS/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th.), and trabecular spacing (Tb. Sp.), and compared by multiway ANOVA (α = 0.05). Results: For Conn. Dn. and FD, with MAR, the zirconium group showed values significantly lower than the other groups (p < 0.05). For BV/TV, BS/TV, Tb. Th. and Tb. Sp., the zirconium group showed the highest values, regardless of MAR condition (p < 0.05). MAR increased BS/TV and Tb. Th. values, and decreased FD values for zirconium group. In general, the kVp level did not influence trabecular morphometric parameters. Conclusion: The assessment of the trabecular bone architecture was mainly influenced by the expression of the artefacts generated by zirconium implants. MAR decreased the FD and increased the BS/TV and Tb.Th. values regardless of the kVp level.
Analysis of the safety and efficacy of tacrolimus combined with glucocorticoid in the treatment of lupus nephritis
Authors: Li Lu , Du Yong , Ji Juan , Gao Ying , Shi Xiao qiang 
Published: April 2022

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of tacrolimus combined with glucocorticoids in the treatment of lupus nephritis.
Methods: A total of 80 patients with lupus nephritis were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and the First Hospital of Baoding from February 2017 to January 2019 randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group, with 40 cases in each group. Patients in the experimental group were treated with tacrolimus combined with glucocorticoids, while patients in the control group were treated with cyclophosphamide combined with glucocorticoids for one year. Clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions were evaluated for all patients after treatment. The changes of CRP, IL-6, 24h urinary protein, serum albumin, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and other indicators after treatment, as well as the differences in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), complement C3, C4, anti-dsDNA antibody positive rate and SLEDAI score and other indicators were also evaluated.
Results: The total efficacy of the experimental group was 92.5%, which was significantly better than the 75% of the control group (p=0.03); The incidence of adverse reactions was 20% in the experimental group and 42.5% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (p=0.03). After treatment, the levels of CRP, IL-6 and other inflammatory factors in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, with a statistical significance (p<0.05); The indicators of the experimental group such as 24h urine protein quantification, serum albumin, blood creatinine, and urea nitrogen were improved compared with the control group, with statistically highly significant differences (p<0.001). In addition, ESR, anti-DSDNA antibody positive rate and SLEDAI score were decreased compared with the control group, while complement C3 and C4 levels were significantly increased (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Tacrolimus combined with glucocorticoids is a safe and effective treatment regimen for patients with lupus nephritis, boasting a variety of benefits, such as significant efficacy and fewer adverse reactions. With such a regimen, the level of inflammatory factors can be significantly reduced, renal function indicators can be ameliorated, the ESR, complement C3, C4, anti-dsDNA antibody positive rate and SLEDAI score of the patients can be significantly improved.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5117
How to cite this:Li L, Du Y, Ji J, Gao Y, Shi X. Analysis of the safety and efficacy of tacrolimus combined with glucocorticoid in the treatment of lupus nephritis. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5117
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation versus bi-level positive pressure ventilation in premature infants with respiratory failure: A retrospective study
Authors: Chen Wenqian , Chen Zhiqing , Lai Shuahua , Cai Wenhong , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: Noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) is a novel respiratory support mode for premature infants. This retrospective study aimed to compare the effect of nHFOV and bi-level nasal continuous positive airway pressure (BiPAP) in premature infants with neonatal respiratory failure (NRF) as initial noninvasive ventilation (NIV) support mode.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of preterm infants admitted to the tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020. Preterm infants with the gestational age of 25-34 weeks, diagnosed with NRF, used nHFOV or BiPAP as the initial respiratory support mode were analyzed. The rates of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) within the first seven days after birth and adverse outcomes were compared between the two groups.
Results: Two hundred fifty-five preterm infants were analyzed (128 in nHFOV group,127 in BiPAP group). There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. Compared with the BiPAP group, the nHFOV group had significantly lower need for IMV within the first seven days after birth (18/128 vs. 33/127, p = 0.01) and PCO2 at 12 and 24 hours post-treatment (46.34±5.24mmHg vs. 51.18±4.83mmHg, P<0.01; 40.72±4.02mmHg vs. 42.50±3.86mmHg, P<0.01). The incidence of BPD, ROP, air leak syndromes, IVH≥ grade 3, PVL, NEC≥II stage, abdominal distension, and nasal trauma were similar between the two groups.
Conclusion: nHFOV significantly reduced the need for IMV and improved the elimination of CO2 compared with BiPAP in preterm infants with NRF without increasing the incidence of adverse effects.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5939
How to cite this:Chen W, Chen Z, Lai S, Cai W, Lin Y. Noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation versus bi-level positive pressure ventilation in premature infants with respiratory failure: A retrospective study. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5939
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
PRIORITIES OF AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT AND TASKS OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
Authors: Valiev Ayrat , Nizamov Rustam , Safin Radik , Mukhametgaliev Farit , Nezhmetdinova Farida 
Published: April 2022

Modern agriculture both in the world and in the Russian Federation is at the stage of profound transformation. The growing natural, socio-economic and production risks dictate the need for a detailed analysis of the medium-term prospects and priorities of agro-industrial complex. Taking into account the need to ensure high competitiveness of domestic food production, the need for such analysis is of great practical importance.
The article presents the results of the analysis of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan, identifies the existing medium-term trends. As the most significant medium-term trends in the development of agriculture are highlighted: the adaptation of agricultural production technologies to global climate changes; the development of efficient production systems with maximum environmental safety while reducing the need for labor resources; the formation of a specialized industry to meet the demand for high quality and healthy food; digitalization and computerization of agricultural production, including In addition, the main trends in the development of crop, livestock and agricultural engineering are given. At the same time, the special role of new technologies in the sustainable development of these industries is pointed out.
In the conclusion proceeding from highlighted tendencies of medium-term development of agroindustrial complex the main tasks, facing agrarian science and education are given