bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathogenicity of Fungi Isolated from Spoilt Sweet Oranges (Citrus sinensis) and from the Air in the Environment of the Orange Section of the Gamboru Market in Maiduguri, Nigeria
Authors: Oyekemi Akinmusire, Olubamise , Ofon-Mbuk Divine-Anthony 
Published: December 2022

Aim: Though Oranges are very important crops for man both economically and in terms of nutrition, they have a short life span due to poor handling during harvesting, transporting, and storage. The ubiquitous nature of fungi makes them ready contaminants for these oranges especially when their skin is broken. The aim of this study is to isolate, identify and determine the pathogenicity of fungi responsible for spoilage in sweet oranges and investigate the presence of fungi in the air of the environment where these oranges are sold.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Maiduguri between September and October 2020.
Methodology: A total of 100 samples of ripe oranges with signs of spoilage (n=100) were collected randomly from 10 selling points in the Gamboru fruit market in Maiduguri, Borno state of Nigeria, and analyzed for fungal isolates using morphometric techniques. Two mycological media Potato Dextrose Agar and Malt Extract Agar (PDA and MEA) were used for isolation, by deploying direct plating method. Petri dishes containing prepared PDA and MEA were also exposed to the air in the shops for some minutes. Morphometric analysis was carried out to identify the fungal isolates using macroscopic and microscopic observed features. Pathogenicity tests were carried out to ascertain the ability of these isolates to cause spoilage.
Results: The results of the morphometric characterization revealed the presence of seven (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium oxalicum, Rhizopus oryzae, Cladiosporium sphaerospermum and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis) different fungi from the air and from the deteriorating oranges. Four of the isolates which were also positive for pathogenicity and observed to be responsible for causing spoilage in the oranges were also found to be the same as those isolated from the air, while three other organisms isolated from the air in the sales environment were not isolated from the spoilt oranges. Penicillium oxalicum was isolated from 41% of the oranges making it the most predominant organism causing spoilage in the oranges while Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from only 10% of the samples.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that fungal contaminants were responsible for the spoilage of oranges in this market and many of them were present in the air in the shops where these oranges were sold and stored leading to serious economic losses for both farmers and consumers.
Evaluation of Holmium (YAG)-Laser Transuretheral En bloc Resection in Patients with Primary Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Habib George Habib Younan , Abo-Farha Mohammed Osama , Radwan Mohamed Hassan , Elbendary Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

Background: TURBT is the gold standard treatment for NMIBC. Lasers have been introduced as a minimally invasive option to decrease complication. Holmium and the 2-μm laser TURBT are the most frequently applied lasers in TURBT.
The aim of this work was to evaluate Holmium Laser en bloc transurethral resection of bladder tumor (eTURBT) technique in resection of a primary bladder mass in terms of efficacy (Complete resection of the mass, histopathological staging and grading) and safety (operation time, blood loss, bladder perforation) and oncological outcomes (recurrence and progression).
Methods: This pilot study included 40 patients with primary bladder mass scheduled for endourological staging procedure with primary solitary mass does not exceed 3 cm in largest dimension and two masses each of them isn't more than 2 cm in maximum diameter. Resection was done enbloc by karl storz 26fr resctoscope and using VersaPulse holmium(YAG) laser by lumenis.
Results: Operative time had a mean ± SD of (37.01 ±5.50) min. The average enucleation time had a mean ± SD of (23.11± 6.26) min. blood loss had a mean ± SD of (0.3 ± 0.57). There was no need for blood transfusion at all. Bladder perforation occurred in only one case. Obturator jerk did not occur at all. Postoperative irrigation was indicated in only five cases (12.5%) with a mean ± SD was (1.21±3.32) hours. Postoperative urethral catheter time had mean ± SD was (28.38 ±9.22) hours. Postoperative hospital stay ranged between 1-3 day. In histopathological examination, All included cases revealed TCC, low grade in 19 patients (47.5%) and high grade in 21 patients (52.5%). All specimens contained bladder detrusor muscle, the pathological staging was pTa in 14 patients (35%), pT1 in 22 patients (55%) and pT2a in 4 patients (10%).
Conclusions: Holmium laser transurethral en-bloc TURBT is an effective, feasible, and safe procedure for managing NMIBC, as it preserves the entire lamina propria and detrusor muscle in well-intact specimens which lowers recurrence and progression and decreases the need for a second look TURBT.
A Volatile Solid Additive Enables Oligothiophene All‐Small‐Molecule Organic Solar Cells with Excellent Commercial Viability
Authors: Hu Dingqin , Tang Hua , Karuthedath Safakath , Chen Qianqian , Chen Si , Khan Jafar I. , Liu Heng , Yang Qianguang , Gorenflot Julien , Petoukhoff Christopher E. , Duan Tainan , Lu Xinhui , Laquai Frédéric , Lu Shirong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe commercial viability of all‐small‐molecule (ASM) organic solar cells (OSCs) requires high efficiency, long‐term stability, and low‐cost production. However, satisfying all these factors at the same time remains highly challenging. Herein, a volatile solid additive, namely, 1,8‐dichloronaphthalene (DCN) is demonstrated to simultaneously enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the storage, thermal as well as photo stabilities of oligothiophene ASM‐OSCs with concise and low‐cost syntheses. The improved PCEs are mainly due to the DCN‐induced morphology control with improved exciton dissociation and reduced non‐geminate recombination. Notably, the PCE of 16.0% stands as the best value for oligothiophene ASM‐OSCs and is among the top values for all types of binary ASM‐OSCs. In addition, devices incorporating DCN have shown remarkable long‐term stability, retaining over 90% of their initial PCE after dark storage aging of 3000 h and thermal or light stressing of 500 h. The findings demonstrate that the volatile‐solid‐additive strategy can be a simple yet effective method of delivering highly efficient and stable oligothiophene ASM‐OSCs with excellent commercial viability.
Toward Plasmonic Neural Probes: SERS Detection of Neurotransmitters through Gold‐Nanoislands‐Decorated Tapered Optical Fibers with Sub‐10 nm Gaps
Authors: Zheng Di , Pisano Filippo , Collard Liam , Balena Antonio , Pisanello Marco , Spagnolo Barbara , Mach‐Batlle Rosa , Tantussi Francesco , Carbone Luigi , De Angelis Francesco , Valiente Manuel , de la Prida Liset M. , Ciracì Cristian , De Vittorio Massimo , Pisanello Ferruccio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntegration of plasmonic nanostructures with fiber‐optics‐based neural probes enables label‐free detection of molecular fingerprints via surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and it represents a fascinating technological horizon to investigate brain function. However, developing neuroplasmonic probes that can interface with deep brain regions with minimal invasiveness while providing the sensitivity to detect biomolecular signatures in a physiological environment is challenging, in particular because the same waveguide must be employed for both delivering excitation light and collecting the resulting scattered photons. Here, a SERS‐active neural probe based on a tapered optical fiber (TF) decorated with gold nanoislands (NIs) that can detect neurotransmitters down to the micromolar range is presented. To do this, a novel, nonplanar repeated dewetting technique to fabricate gold NIs with sub‐10 nm gaps, uniformly distributed on the wide (square millimeter scale in surface area), highly curved surface of TF is developed. It is experimentally and numerically shown that the amplified broadband near‐field enhancement of the high‐density NIs layer allows for achieving a limit of detection in aqueous solution of 10−7 m for rhodamine 6G and 10−5 m for serotonin and dopamine through SERS at near‐infrared wavelengths. The NIs‐TF technology is envisioned as a first step toward the unexplored frontier of in vivo label‐free plasmonic neural interfaces.
Optimization of Non‐Pyrolyzed Lignin Electrodes for Sustainable Batteries
Authors: Ail Ujwala , Nilsson Jakob , Jansson Mattias , Buyanova Irina A. , Wu Zhixing , Björk Emma , Berggren Magnus , Crispin Xavier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLignin, a byproduct from the pulp industry, is one of the redox active biopolymers being investigated as a component in the electrodes for sustainable energy storage applications. Due to its insulating nature, it needs to be combined with a conductor such as carbon or conducting polymer for efficient charge storage. Herein, the lignin/carbon composite electrodes manufactured via mechanical milling (ball milling) are reported. The composite formation, correlation between performance and morphology is studied by comparison with manual mixing and jet milling. Superior charge storage capacity with ≈70% of the total contribution from the Faradaic process involving the redox functionality of lignin is observed in a mechanically milled composite. In comparison, manual mix shows only ≈30% from the lignin storage participation while the rest is due to the electric double layer at the carbon–electrolyte interface. The significant participation of lignin in the ball milled composite is attributed to the homogeneous, intimate mixing of the carbon and the lignin leading the electronic carrier transported in the carbon phase to reach most of the redox group of lignin. A maximum capacity of 49 mAh g−1 is obtained at charge/discharge rate of 0.25 A g−1 for the sample milled for 60 min.
Silencing of IRF8 Mediated by m6A Modification Promotes the Progression of T‐Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Zhou Ying , Ji Min , Xia Yuan , Han Xiaoyu , Li Mingying , Li Wei , Sun Tao , Zhang Jingru , Lu Fei , Sun Yanping , Liu Na , Li Jingxin , Ma Daoxin , Ye Jingjing , Ji Chunyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractT‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy with a poor prognosis, urging for novel therapeutic targets and treatment strategies. N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is a crucial methylation modification that affects the pathogenesis of leukemia by regulating the mRNA of key genes. Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is a crucial transcription factor for hematological lineage commitment, but its role in T‐ALL is unclear. Here, IRF8 is shown to suppress T‐ALL. The expression of IRF8 is abnormally silenced in patients with T‐ALL. Knockout of Irf8 significantly hastens the progression of Notch1‐induced T‐ALL in vivo. Overexpression of IRF8 suppresses the proliferation and invasion of T‐ALL cells by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/AKT signaling pathway. The fat mass‐ and obesity‐associated protein (FTO), an m6A demethylase, is responsible for directly binding to m6A sites in 3′ untranslated region of IRF8 messenger RNA (mRNA) and inducing mRNA degradation via m6A modification. Targeting the FTO‐IRF8 axis is used as a proof of concept therapy; inhibition of FTO's demethylase activity drastically alleviates the proliferation of leukemic cells and prolongs the survival of T‐ALL mice by restoring IRF8 expression. This study elucidates the pathogenesis of T‐ALL from the perspective of epitranscriptomics and provides new insight into the genetic mechanisms and targeted therapy of T‐ALL.
Charge‐Polarized Selenium Vacancy in Nickel Diselenide Enabling Efficient and Stable Electrocatalytic Conversion of Oxygen to Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Wang Yingming , Huang Hui , Wu Jie , Yang Hongyuan , Kang Zhenhui , Liu Yang , Wang Zhaowu , Menezes Prashanth W. , Chen Ziliang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVacancy engineering is deemed as one of the powerful protocols to tune the catalytic activity of electrocatalysts. Herein, Se‐vacancy with charge polarization is created in the NiSe2 structure (NiSe2‐VSe) via a sequential phase conversion strategy. By a combined analysis of the Rietveld method, transient photovoltage spectra (TPV), in situ Raman and density functional theory (DFT) calculation, it is unequivocally discovered that the presence of charge‐polarized Se‐vacancy is beneficial for stabilizing the structure, decreasing the electron transfer kinetics, as well as optimizing the free adsorption energy of reaction intermediate during two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR). Benefiting from these merits, the as‐prepared NiSe2‐VSe delivered the highest selectivity of 96% toward H2O2 in alkaline media, together with a selectivity higher than 90% over the wide potential range from 0.25 to 0.55 V, ranking it in the top level among the previously reported transition metal‐based electrocatalysts. Most notably, it also displayed admirable stability with only a slight selectivity decay after 5000 cycles of accelerated degradation test (ADT).
Clinically diverse and perinatally lethal syndromes with urorectal septum malformation sequence
Authors: Nayak Shalini S. , Harkness Robert , Shukla Anju , Banka Siddharth , Newman William G. , Girisha Katta M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUrorectal septum malformation sequence (URSMS) is characterized by a spectrum of anomalies of the urogenital system, hindgut and perineum. It is presumed to be a constellation of an embryonic defect. Herein, we analyzed the clinically diverse syndromes associated with URSMS in our perinatal evaluation unit. We reviewed fetuses with URSMS in referrals for perinatal autopsy over a period of 3 years. Chromosomal microarray and genome sequencing were performed whenever feasible. Literature was reviewed for syndromes or malformations with URSMS. We ascertained URSMS in 12 of the 215 (5%) fetuses. Nine fetuses (75%) had complete URSMS and remainder had partial/intermediate URSMS. Eleven fetuses had malformations of other systems that included: cerebral ventriculomegaly; right aortic arch with double outlet right ventricle; microcephaly with fetal akinesia deformation sequence; ventricular septal defect and radial ray anomaly; thoraco‐abdominoschisis and limb defects; myelomeningocele; spina bifida and fused iliac bones; omphalocele; occipital encephalocele; lower limb amelia and cleft foot. We report on six fetuses with recurrent and five fetuses with unique malformations/patterns where URSMS is a component. Exome sequencing (one family) and genome sequencing (eight families) were performed and were nondiagnostic. Additionally, we review the literature for genetic basis of this condition. URMS is a clinically heterogeneous condition and is a component of several multiple malformation syndromes. We describe several unique and recurrent malformations associated with URSMS.
Potable Reuse and PFAS
Authors: deSilva Viraj , Rutkauskas Justas 
Published: December 2022

Key Takeaways
Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are concerns in water sources because of their potential health effects, widespread detection, and environmental persistence.
Potable reuse guidelines and regulations often include monitoring requirements for contaminants of emerging concern.
Advanced water treatment technologies used in potable reuse, primarily reverse osmosis and granular activated carbon, are effective at removing PFAS.
Regulatory frameworks for potable reuse and PFAS management are evolving at the same time; each framework needs to consider aspects of the other.
Promoting cell growth and characterizing partial symbiotic relationships in the co‐cultivation of green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Escherichia coli
Authors: Yamada Ryosuke , Yokota Moe , Matsumoto Takuya , Hankamer Ben , Ogino Hiroyasu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundBy co‐culturing selected microalgae and heterotrophic microorganisms, the growth rate of microalgae can be improved even under atmospheric conditions with a low CO2 concentration. However, the detailed mechanism of improvement of proliferative capacity by co‐culture has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated changes in the proliferative capacity of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by co‐culturing with Escherichia coli.Main Methods and Major ResultsIn the co‐culture, the number of C. reinhardtii cells reached 2.22 × 1010 cell/L on day 14 of culture. This was about 1.9 times the number of cells (1.16 × 1010 cell/L) on day 14 compared to C. reinhardtii cells in monoculture. The starch content per cell in the co‐culture of C. reinhardtii and E. coli on the 14th day (2.09 × 10−11 g/cell) was 1.3 times higher than that in the C. reinhardtii monoculture (1.59 × 10−11 g/cell), and the starch content per culture medium improved 2.5 times with co‐cultivation. By analyzing the gene transcription profiles and key media components, we clarified that E. coli produced CO2 from the organic carbon in the medium and the organic carbon produced by photosynthesis of C. reinhardtii, and this CO2 likely enhanced the growth of C. reinhardtii.ConclusionsConsequently, E. coli plays a key role in promoting the growth of C. reinhardtii as well as the accumulation of starch which is a valuable intermediate for the production of a range of useful chemicals from CO2.
Apilimod enhances specific productivity in recombinant CHO cells through cell cycle arrest and mediation of autophagy
Authors: Lu Jiang‐Tao , Xiao Meng‐Ke , Feng Ying‐Ying , Wang Xiao‐Yin , Qiu Le‐Le , Chai Yu‐Rong , Wang Tian‐Yun , Jia Yan‐Long 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are expected to acquire the ability to produce higher recombinant therapeutic protein levels using various strategies. Genetic engineering targeting the cell cycle and autophagy pathways in the regulation of cell death in CHO cell cultures has received attention for enhancing the production of therapeutic proteins. In this study, we examined the small‐molecule compound apilimod, which was found to have a positive influence on recombinant protein expression in CHO cells. This was confirmed by selective blocking of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Apilimod treatment resulted in decreased expression of cyclin‐dependent kinase 3 (CDK3) and Cyclin C and increased expression of cyclin‐dependent kinase suppressor p27Kip1, which are critical regulators of G1 cell cycle progression and important targets controlling cell proliferation. Furthermore, total transcription factor EB (TFEB) was lower in apilimod‐treated CHO cells than in control cells, resulting in decreased lysosome biogenesis and autophagy with apilimod treatment. These multiple effects demonstrate the potential of apilimod for development as a novel enhancer for the production of recombinant proteins in CHO cell engineering.
Causal relationship between 14 site‐specific cancers and venous thromboembolism
Authors: Chen Xiong , Hong Xiaosi , Luo Shulu , Cai Jiahao , Huang Guiwu , Shen Runnan , Lv Lin , Bai Gaochen , Fu Wen , Yan Li , Liu Guochang , Huang Kai , Chen Qinchang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt has been observed that cancer and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are associated, but anticancer therapy may violate the causality. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the causal relationship of various cancers to VTE using Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsThree MR methods were used to estimate causal effects: Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR‐Egger and weighted median. Sensitivity analyses included Cochran's Q‐test, MR‐Egger intercept test and MR‐PRESSO. Gene ontology enrichment analysis was performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of VTE development in cancer patients.ResultsThe primary IVW approach showed that non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) might increase the risk of VTE (odds ratio [OR]: 1.20, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.00–1.44, p = 0.045), while melanoma possibly reduced the risk of VTE (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82–0.97, p = 0.006), although there was no significance after adjustment for multiple testing. No association was observed between VTE risk and other site‐specific cancers. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that vitamin D played an important role in the development of VTE in cancer patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that genetically predicted NHL was associated with higher VTE risk, whereas melanoma had lower VTE risk compared with other site‐specific cancers. Moreover, this study suggested that anticancer therapy and increased extensive examination might play a more important role in VTE development than the nature of cancer.
CD79BY196 mutation is a potent predictive marker for favorable response to R‐MPV in primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Yamaguchi Junya , Ohka Fumiharu , Lushun Chalise , Motomura Kazuya , Aoki Kosuke , Takeuchi Kazuhito , Nagata Yuichi , Ito Satoshi , Mizutani Nobuhiko , Ohno Masasuke , Suzaki Noriyuki , Takasu Syuntaro , Seki Yukio , Kano Takahisa , Wakabayashi Kenichi , Oyama Hirofumi , Kurahashi Shingo , Tanahashi Kuniaki , Hirano Masaki , Shimizu Hiroyuki , Kitano Yotaro , Maeda Sachi , Yamazaki Shintaro , Wakabayashi Toshihiko , Kondo Yutaka , Natsume Atsushi , Saito Ryuta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundRituximab, high‐dose methotrexate (HD‐MTX), procarbazine and vincristine (R‐MPV), has significantly prolonged the survival of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), but predictive factors for response to R‐MPV have not yet been investigated. Herein, we investigated the correlation of MYD88 L265P and CD79B Y196 mutations, which are the most frequently found molecular alterations in PCNSL, with prognosis of patients with PCNSL treated with R‐MPV.MethodsWe investigated the long‐term clinical course and status of MYD88 and CD79B genes in 85 patients with PCNSL treated with R‐MPV or HD‐MTX treatment, and the correlation of these genetic mutations with prognosis.ResultsR‐MPV achieved an excellent tumor control rate (61.6% and 69.9% of 5‐year progression‐free and overall survival rates, respectively). While MYD88 L265P mutation had no significant effect on survival, patients with CD79B Y196 mutations exhibited prolonged survival (p < 0.05). However, the association of CD79B Y196 mutation with a better prognosis was not observed in the HD‐MTX cohort, which indicated that CD79B Y196 mutation was a predictive marker for a favorable response to R‐MPV. Furthermore, we established an all‐in‐one rapid genotyping system for these genetic mutations.ConclusionsIn conclusion, CD79B Y196 mutation is a potent predictive marker for favorable response to R‐MPV in PCNSL. The rapid identification of MYD88 L265P and CD79B Y196 mutations can be helpful not only for the accurate molecular diagnosis of PCNSL but also for the prediction of response to R‐MPV.