bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calibration of camera internal parameters based on grey wolf optimization improved by levy flight and mutation
Authors: Wang Daolei , Yue Jingwei , Chai Pingping , Sun Hao , Li Feng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTraditional calibration technology has been widely used in measurement and monitoring; however, there are limitations of poor calibration accuracy, which can not meet the accuracy requirements in some scenarios. About this problem, we proposed a grey wolf optimization algorithm based on levy flight and mutation mechanism to solve camera internal parameters in this paper. The algorithm is based on the actual nonlinear model, which takes the minimum average value of reprojection error as the objective function. The grey wolf position is randomly generated within a given range. Then, the grey wolf optimization algorithm based on levy flight and mutation mechanism is used to iteratively calculate the optimal position, which is the internal parameters of cameras. The two groups of experimental data were performed to verify the algorithm. The result shows better effectiveness and calibration accuracy of the proposed algorithm compared with other optimization methods.
LncRNA CCAT1 enhances chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting QKI-5
Authors: Xia Chongsheng , Sun Yurui , Li Yang , Ma Junli , Shi Jing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA major reason for treatment failure of cancer is acquisition of drug resistance. The specific mechanisms underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) chemoresistance need to be fully elucidated. lncRNAs involve in drug resistance in some cancers, however, the exact functions of lncRNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) in oxaliplatin resistance in HCC are still unknown. Our study indicated that CCAT1 promoted HCC proliferation and reduced the apoptosis induced by oxaliplatin. Knockout of CCAT1 could increased chemosensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Further study found that QKI-5 was an important mediator and blocking of QKI-5/p38 MAPK signaling pathway could enhance oxaliplatin sensitivity. In conclusions, CCAT1 promoted proliferation and oxaliplatin resistance via QKI-5/p38 MAPK signaling pathway in HCC. Targeting CCAT1 in combination with chemotherapeutics may be a promising alternative to reverse drug resistance in HCC treatment.
Cell fiber-based 3D tissue array for drug response assay
Authors: Kato-Negishi Midori , Sawayama Jun , Kawahara Masahiro , Takeuchi Shoji 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFor the establishment of a reproducible and sensitive assay system for three-dimensional (3D) tissue-based drug screening, it is essential to develop 3D tissue arrays with uniform shapes and high cell numbers that prevent cell death in the center of the tissue. In recent years, 3D tissue arrays based on spheroids have attracted increased attention. However, they have only been used in specific tissues with hypoxic regions, such as cancer tissues, because nutrient deprivation and hypoxic regions are formed in the core as spheroids grow. Herein, we propose a method to array cell-encapsulated tube-like tissue (cell fiber (CF)) with diameters < 150 μm to prevent nutrient deprivation and hypoxia using a device that can fix the CFs, section them in uniform sizes, and transfer them to a 96-well plate. We fabricated the arrays of CF fragments from cell lines (GT1-7), cancer cells (HeLa), mouse neural stem cells (mNSCs) and differentiated mNSCs, and performed drug response assays. The array of CF fragments assessed the drug response differences among different cell types and drug responses specific to 3D tissues. The array of CF fragments may be used as a versatile drug screening system to detect drug sensitivities in various types of tissues.
Effect of timing of school enrollment on physical fitness in third graders
Authors: Fühner Thea , Granacher Urs , Golle Kathleen , Kliegl Reinhold 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTiming of initial school enrollment may vary considerably for various reasons such as early or delayed enrollment, skipped or repeated school classes. Accordingly, the age range within school grades includes older-(OTK) and younger-than-keyage (YTK) children. Hardly any information is available on the impact of timing of school enrollment on physical fitness. There is evidence from a related research topic showing large differences in academic performance between OTK and YTK children versus keyage children. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare physical fitness of OTK (N = 26,540) and YTK (N = 2586) children versus keyage children (N = 108,295) in a representative sample of German third graders. Physical fitness tests comprised cardiorespiratory endurance, coordination, speed, lower, and upper limbs muscle power. Predictions of physical fitness performance for YTK and OTK children were estimated using data from keyage children by taking age, sex, school, and assessment year into account. Data were annually recorded between 2011 and 2019. The difference between observed and predicted z-scores yielded adeltaz-score that was used as a dependent variable in the linear mixed models. Findings indicate that OTK children showed poorer performance compared to keyage children, especially in coordination, and that YTK children outperformed keyage children, especially in coordination. Teachers should be aware that OTK children show poorer physical fitness performance compared to keyage children.
Significant reduction of carbon stocks and changes of ecosystem service valuation of Indian Sundarban
Authors: Bera Biswajit , Bhattacharjee Sumana , Sengupta Nairita , Shit Pravat Kumar , Adhikary Partha Pratim , Sengupta Debashish , Saha Soumik 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Sundarban mangrove or tidal influenced natural ecosystem is extremely productive and providing multiple goods and services to millions of people. In the last few decades, the quality and quantity of mangrove ecosystem are being deteriorated. The main objectives of this current research are (i) to investigate the ecosystem service values (ESVs) using a time series satellite data (1975, 2000 and 2020) and different unit values (ii) to analyze the dynamic pattern of carbon sequestration through InVEST model and (iii) determination of ESVs change hotspots by Getis-Ord Gi*method. Here, mangrove forest has the highest ecosystem service value and highest carbon sinker. The total loss of ESVs was estimated 3310.79 million USD during last 45 years in Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR) due to high natural and anthropogenic adversities. InVEST model also revealed that the total static carbon storage over the study area was 48.87, 46.65 and 43.33 Tg for the year 1975, 2000 and 2020 respectively. Total 6313944 mg/6.31Tg loss of carbon has been observed in the case of mangrove forest during the overall study period (1975–2020). So, illegal human encroachment should be strictly (through law and regulations) restricted within Sundarban mangrove ecosystem for the benefits of people.
Loneliness inside of the brain: evidence from a large dataset of resting-state fMRI in young adult
Authors: Brilliant T. Denilson , Takeuchi Hikaru , Nouchi Rui , Yokoyama Ryoichi , Kotozaki Yuka , Nakagawa Seishu , Hanawa Sugiko , Sekiguchi Atsushi , Ikeda Shigeyuki , Sakaki Kohei , Kawata Kelssy Hitomi dos Santos , Nozawa Takayuki , Yokota Susumu , Magistro Daniele , Kawashima Ryuta 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough loneliness itself is a natural emotion, prolonged loneliness is detrimental to human health. Despite its detrimental effect, few loneliness-related neuroimaging studies have been published and some have limitations on the sample size number. This study aims to find the difference in resting-state functional connectivity associated with loneliness within a big sample size via the seed-based approach. Functional connectivity analysis was performed on a large cohort of young adults (N = 1336) using the seed-based functional connectivity approach to address the concern from previous studies. The analysis yielded statistically significant positive correlations between loneliness and functional connectivities between the inferior frontal gyrus and supplementary motor area, precentral gyrus, and superior parietal lobule. Additionally, the analysis replicated a finding from a previous study, which is increased functional connectivities between the inferior frontal gyrus and supplementary motor area. In conclusion, greater loneliness is reflected by stronger functional connectivity of the visual attention brain area.
Lessons from a breast cell annotation competition series for school pupils
Authors: Lu Wenqi , Miligy Islam M. , Minhas Fayyaz , Park Young Saeng , Snead David R. J. , Rakha Emad A. , Verrill Clare , Rajpoot Nasir 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDue to COVID-19 outbreaks, most school pupils have had to be home-schooled for long periods of time. Two editions of a web-based competition “Beat the Pathologists” for school age participants in the UK ran to fill up pupils’ spare time after home-schooling and evaluate their ability on contributing to AI annotation. The two editions asked the participants to annotate different types of cells on Ki67 stained breast cancer images. The Main competition was at four levels with different level of complexity. We obtained annotations of four kinds of cells entered by school pupils and ground truth from expert pathologists. In this paper, we analyse school pupils’ performance on differentiating different kinds of cells and compare their performance with two neural networks (AlexNet and VGG16). It was observed that children tend to get very good performance in tumour cell annotation with the best F1 measure 0.81 which is a metrics taking both false positives and false negatives into account. Low accuracy was achieved with F1 score 0.75 on positive non-tumour cells and 0.59 on negative non-tumour cells. Superior performance on non-tumour cell detection was achieved by neural networks. VGG16 with training from scratch achieved an F1 score over 0.70 in all cell categories and 0.92 in tumour cell detection. We conclude that non-experts like school pupils have the potential to contribute to large-scale labelling for AI algorithm development if sufficient training activities are organised. We hope that competitions like this can promote public interest in pathology and encourage participation by more non-experts for annotation.
Multipurpose monitoring system for edible insect breeding based on machine learning
Authors: Majewski Paweł , Zapotoczny Piotr , Lampa Piotr , Burduk Robert , Reiner Jacek 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Tenebrio molitor has become the first insect added to the catalogue of novel foods by the European Food Safety Authority due to its rich nutritional value and the low carbon footprint produced during its breeding. The large scale of Tenebrio molitor breeding makes automation of the process, which is supported by a monitoring system, essential. Present research involves the development of a 3-module system for monitoring Tenebrio molitor breeding. The instance segmentation module (ISM) detected individual growth stages (larvae, pupae, beetles) of Tenebrio molitor, and also identified anomalies: dead larvae and pests. The semantic segmentation module (SSM) extracted feed, chitin, and frass from the obtained image. The larvae phenotyping module (LPM) calculated features for both individual larvae (length, curvature, mass, division into segments, and their classification) and the whole population (length distribution). The modules were developed using machine learning models (Mask R-CNN, U-Net, LDA), and were validated on different samples of real data. Synthetic image generation using a collection of labelled objects was used, which significantly reduced the development time of the models and reduced the problems of dense scenes and the imbalance of the considered classes. The obtained results (average $$F1>0.88$$

F
1
>
0.88

for ISM and average $$F1>0.95$$

F
1
>
0.95

for SSM) confirm the great potential of the proposed system.
Experimental evaluation of thermal rectification in a ballistic nanobeam with asymmetric mass gradient
Authors: Tavakoli Adib , Maire Jeremie , Brisuda Boris , Crozes Thierry , Motte Jean-François , Saminadayar Laurent , Collin Eddy , Bourgeois Olivier 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPractical applications of heat transport control with artificial metamaterials will heavily depend on the realization of thermal diodes/rectifiers, in which thermal conductivity depends on the heat flux direction. Whereas various macroscale implementations have been made experimentally, nanoscales realizations remain challenging and efficient rectification still requires a better fundamental understanding of heat carriers’ transport and nonlinear mechanisms. Here, we propose an experimental realization of a thermal rectifier based on two leads with asymmetric mass gradients separated by a ballistic spacer, as proposed in a recent numerical investigation, and measure its thermal properties electrically with the microbridge technique. We use a Si$$_{3}$$

3

N$$_{4}$$

4

nanobeam on which an asymmetric mass gradient has been engineered and demonstrate that in its current form, this structure does not allow for thermal rectification. We explain this by a combination of too weak asymmetry and non-linearities. Our experimental observations provide important information towards fabricating rigorous thermal rectifiers in the ballistic phonon transport regime, which are expected to open new possibilities for applications in thermal management and quantum thermal devices.
Morphometric affinities and direct radiocarbon dating of the Toca dos Coqueiros’ skull (Serra da Capivara, Brazil)
Authors: Menéndez Lumila Paula , López-Sosa María Clara , Monteiro da Silva Sergio Francisco Serafim , Martin Gabriela , Pessis Anne-Marie , Guidon Niède , Solari Ana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe biological variation of the earliest skeletons of South America has been intensely debated for the last two centuries. One of the major research constraints has been the limited number of available samples dating to the early Holocene. We here present the first direct radiocarbon-date for the early Holocene human skeleton from Toca dos Coqueiros (Serra da Capivara, Brazil), also known as “Zuzu” (8640 ± 30 BP; 9526–9681 cal years BP). We performed craniometric analyses using exclusively samples from Brazil, to revisit the sex of the skeleton, and to discuss the evolutionary processes involved in the occupation of the continent. The sex of the individual was estimated as a female when compared to late and early Holocene individuals, but as a male when compared only to the early Holocene series. We also found that Zuzu presents the strongest differences with the late Holocene Guajajara individuals, located nearby, and the strongest similarities with the early Holocene series from Lagoa Santa, attesting for solid biological affinities among early Holocene individuals from Brazil, as well as a moderate level of morphological variation among them. This suggests that the early individuals were part of the same heterogeneous lineage, possibly a different one from which late Holocene populations diverged.
GFI1 regulates hair cell differentiation by acting as an off-DNA transcriptional co-activator of ATOH1, and a DNA-binding repressor
Authors: Jen Hsin-I , Singh Sunita , Tao Litao , Maunsell Helen R. , Segil Neil , Groves Andrew K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGFI1 is a zinc finger transcription factor that is necessary for the differentiation and survival of hair cells in the cochlea. Deletion of Gfi1 in mice significantly reduces the expression of hundreds of hair cell genes: this is a surprising result, as GFI1 normally acts as a transcriptional repressor by recruiting histone demethylases and methyltransferases to its targets. To understand the mechanisms by which GFI1 promotes hair cell differentiation, we used CUT&RUN to identify the direct targets of GFI1 and ATOH1 in hair cells. We found that GFI1 regulates hair cell differentiation in two distinct ways—first, GFI1 and ATOH1 can bind to the same regulatory elements in hair cell genes, but while ATOH1 directly binds its target DNA motifs in many of these regions, GFI1 does not. Instead, it appears to enhance ATOH1’s transcriptional activity by acting as part of a complex in which it does not directly bind DNA. Second, GFI1 can act in its more typical role as a direct, DNA-binding transcriptional repressor in hair cells; here it represses non-hair cell genes, including many neuronal genes. Together, our results illuminate the function of GFI1 in hair cell development and hair cell reprogramming strategies.
Mid-infrared-scanning cavity ring-down CH2F2 detection using electronically tuned Cr:ZnSe laser
Authors: Yumoto Masaki , Kawata Yasushi , Wada Satoshi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe development of mid-infrared (mid-IR) tunable lasers has been driving various laser spectroscopic technologies. Herein, we report wavelength-scanning cavity ring-down spectroscopy (WS-CRDS) in the mid-IR region using an electronically tuned Cr:ZnSe (ET-Cr:ZnSe) laser, which could achieve a nanosecond pulse operation, with broad wavelength tuning of 2–3 µm. This allowed WS-CRDS-induced trace detection of the refrigerant, CH2F2. A CH2F2 detection limit of 0.66 ppm (3σ), and the detection of trace H2O in CH2F2 was realized using the broad wavelength-tuning range feature, demonstrating the effectiveness of the ET-Cr:ZnSe laser in WS-CRDS. We believe that our method would accelerate the development of various trace-gas detection technologies.
Patterns of functional connectivity alterations induced by alcohol reflect somatostatin interneuron expression in the human cerebral cortex
Authors: Ochi Ryo , Ueno Fumihiko , Sakuma Mutsuki , Tani Hideaki , Tsugawa Sakiko , Graff-Guerrero Ariel , Uchida Hiroyuki , Mimura Masaru , Oshima Shunji , Matsushita Sachio , Nakajima Shinichiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAcute alcohol administration affects functional connectivity, yet the underlying mechanism is unknown. Previous work suggested that a moderate dose of alcohol reduces the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) interneurons, thereby leading to a state of pyramidal disinhibition and hyperexcitability. The present study aims to relate alcohol-induced changes in functional connectivity to regional genetic markers of GABAergic interneurons. Healthy young adults (N = 15, 5 males) underwent resting state functional MRI scanning prior to alcohol administration, immediately and 90 min after alcohol administration. Functional connectivity density mapping was performed to quantify alcohol-induced changes in resting brain activity between conditions. Patterns of differences between conditions were related to regional genetic markers that express the primary GABAergic cortical interneuron subtypes (parvalbumin, somatostatin, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A) obtained from the Allen Human Brain Atlas. Acute alcohol administration increased local functional connectivity density within the visual cortex, sensorimotor cortex, thalamus, striatum, and cerebellum. Patterns of alcohol-induced changes in local functional connectivity density inversely correlated with somatostatin cortical gene expression. These findings suggest that somatostatin-expressing interneurons modulate alcohol-induced changes in functional connectivity in healthy individuals.
Circulating virome and inflammatory proteome in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and primary ventricular fibrillation
Authors: Oliveras Teresa , Revuelta-López Elena , García-García Cosme , Cserkóová Adriana , Rueda Ferran , Labata Carlos , Ferrer Marc , Montero Santiago , El-Ouaddi Nabil , Martínez Maria José , Roura Santiago , Gálvez-Montón Carolina , Bayes-Genis Antoni 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrimary ventricular fibrillation (PVF) is a life-threatening complication of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It is unclear what roles viral infection and/or systemic inflammation may play as underlying triggers of PVF, as a second hit in the context of acute ischaemia. Here we aimed to evaluate whether the circulating virome and inflammatory proteome were associated with PVF development in patients with STEMI. Blood samples were obtained from non-PVF and PVF STEMI patients at the time of primary PCI, and from non-STEMI healthy controls. The virome profile was analysed using VirCapSeq-VERT (Virome Capture Sequencing Platform for Vertebrate Viruses), a sequencing platform targeting viral taxa of 342,438 representative sequences, spanning all virus sequence records. The inflammatory proteome was explored with the Olink inflammation panel, using the Proximity Extension Assay technology. After analysing all viral taxa known to infect vertebrates, including humans, we found that non-PVF and PVF patients only significantly differed in the frequencies of viruses in the Gamma-herpesvirinae and Anelloviridae families. In particular, most showed a significantly higher relative frequency in non-PVF STEMI controls. Analysis of systemic inflammation revealed no significant differences between the inflammatory profiles of non-PVF and PVF STEMI patients. Inflammatory proteins associated with cell adhesion, chemotaxis, cellular response to cytokine stimulus, and cell activation proteins involved in immune response (IL6, IL8 CXCL-11, CCL-11, MCP3, MCP4, and ENRAGE) were significantly higher in STEMI patients than non-STEMI controls. CDCP1 and IL18-R1 were significantly higher in PVF patients compared to healthy subjects, but not compared to non-PVF patients. The circulating virome and systemic inflammation were not associated with increased risk of PVF development in acute STEMI. Accordingly, novel strategies are needed to elucidate putative triggers of PVF in the setting of acute ischaemia, in order to reduce STEMI-driven sudden death burden.
Effects of rhBMP-2-loaded hydroxyapatite granules/beta-tricalcium phosphate hydrogel (HA/β-TCP/hydrogel) composite on a rat model of caudal intervertebral fusion
Authors: Nakagawa Shinichi , Okada Rintaro , Kushioka Junichi , Kodama Joe , Tsukazaki Hiroyuki , Bal Zeynep , Tateiwa Daisuke , Ukon Yuichiro , Hirai Hiromasa , Makino Takahiro , Takenaka Shota , Okada Seiji , Kaito Takashi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe effects and inflammation-related side effects of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 on posterior lumbar interbody fusion are controversial. One of the potential causes for the inconsistent results is the uncontrolled release of BMP-2 from the collagen carrier. Therefore, BMP delivery systems that support effective bone regeneration while attenuating the side effects are strongly sought for. We developed NOVOSIS putty (NP), a novel composite material of hydroxyapatite (HA), beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/hydrogel, and BMP-2, which can sustainably release BMP-2 over 2 weeks. This study was aimed at comparing the effects and side effects of NP and collagen sponge (CS) containing BMP-2 using a rat caudal intervertebral fusion model. The fusion rates of NP with low and high doses of BMP-2 were significantly higher than those of an iliac bone (IB) graft, but those of CS with low and high doses of BMP-2 were not different from those of the IB graft. Furthermore, the incidences of ectopic bone formation and soft tissue swelling were significantly lower in the NP group than in the CS group. The HA/β-TCP/hydrogel carrier enabled superior bone induction with low-dose BMP-2 and decreased the incidence of side effects caused by high-dose BMP-2 vis-à-vis the collagen carrier.