bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-silico identification of phytocompounds as inhibitors to two key enzymes of Shikimate pathway of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for discovery of new lead molecule(s) for treatment of Tuberculosis.
Authors: Sarkar Narayan , Tanti Bhaben , Bharali Suresh , Mahanta Saurov 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tuberculosis(TB) is one of the most lethal respiratory infections caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Several drugs are available for the treatment of TB. Numerous reports have demonstrated the cause and emergence of multi drug resistance of M. tuberculosis. To improve the treatment of these strains , there is rising need to develop anti-TB effective drugs. The aim of this research was to develop an anti-tuberculosis drug.The two enymes 3-Dehydroquinate synthase(3N76) and 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase(3QBE) , of mycobacterial shikimate pathway was selected as drug targets.The structures of these two enzymes were obtained from PDB data bank.The phytocompounds from a medicinal plant,which was traditionally used in pulmonary infection, Achyranthes aspera ,were selected as ligands.Molecular docking was done against these two enzymes(receptors) by 11 phytocompounds of Achyranthes aspera by AUTODOCK vina software. The compounds which have highest binding affinity with targets was selected. Later pharmacokinetic analysis, bioactivity prediction, toxicity calculation of these compounds was done.From the docking study, the compound9(Ecdysterone 2,3-acetonide 22-O-benzoate), has highest binding affinity with enzyme 3-dehydroquinate synthase(3N76), And the compound 2(2,3,14,20,25-Pentahydroxy-6-oxocholest-7-en-22-yl benzoate) has highest binding affinity with enzyme 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase(3QBE).The druglikeness of these two compounds shows that both of them obey Lipinski’s rule of 5.
Comparison of Risk Factors of Falls Between Older Community Dwellers With and Without Fear of Falling
Authors: Tsai Yih-Jian , Sun Wen-Jung , Yang Yi-Ching , Wei Mei-Yu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Given that both falls and fear of falling (FOF) share many risk factors among older adults, differences in risk factors of falls between older adults with and without FOF have been reportedly limited.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the risk factors of falls between older adults with and without FOF using a two-wave cohort dataset.
Method: The study sample included 600 people aged 70.8–96.1 years (mean 76.6, standard deviation 4.6 in 1996)who finished two waves of community survey through a face-to-face questionnaire interview. The outcome of interest was overall fall experience in two surveys. The chi-square test was used to examine differences in the prevalence of falls across explanatory variables, including sociodemographic factors, postural stability (balance and gait maneuverability), sensory factors (Parkinson’s disease, vision, and hearing), number of comorbidities, number of medications, geriatric syndromes (urinary incontinence, depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, and FOF), lifestyle (alcohol drinking and physical activity level), and environmental home hazards. The potential risk predictors significantly associated with the risk of falls in the chi-square test were examined with univariate logistic regression modeling and included in a multivariate logistic regression model with backward stepwise selection after forcibly including FOF into the model.All analyses were further stratified by FOF to compare the risk factors of falls among older adults with and without FOF.
Results: The overall prevalence of falls and FOF were 20.8% and 48.5%, respectively.
Bivariate analyses revealed that explanatory variables significantly associated with the risk of falls included sex, marital status, number of instrumental activities of daily living difficulty, use of a walking aid, self-rated health, balance/gait maneuverability, vision, number of comorbidities, depressive symptoms, FOF, and PASE score. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that older adults with FOF shared several predictors of risk for falls, including impaired gait maneuverability, depressive symptoms, and the number of comorbidities.
Conclusion: The study reveals that most modifiable risk factors for falls were more concentrated in older adults with FOF than those without FOF. Study results support the risk stratification of current clinical fall prevention guidelines. FOF experiences combined with other relevant risk factors might be used to classify the target population for fall prevention interventions.
A comparative analysis of risk factors of Malaria. Case study Gisagara and Bugesera district of Rwanda. RDHS 2014/2015. A retrospective study.
Authors: KUBANA* Emmanuel , MUNYANEZA Athanase , SANDE Steven , NDUHUYE Felix , KARANGWA Jean Bosco , MWESIGYE David , NDAGIJIMANA Emmanuel , HABIMANA Samuel , MUNYANSHONGORE Cyprien 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Malaria is a public health concern worldwide. A figure of 3.2 billion people is at risk of malaria a report of World Health Organization in 2013. A proportion of 89 and 91 cases of malaria reported during 2015 were respectively attributed to malaria cases and malaria deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Different countries in Africa are reported by Global Forum report to eradicate malaria including Algeria whereby in 2017 was asked a free malaria certificate.
Rwanda is among the Sub-Saharan Africa located in East Africa. The several reports indicate that from 2001 to 2011, malaria cases increased considerably especially in Eastern and Southern Province with five million cases. The affected districts included Bugesera in the Eastern and Gisagara in the Southern Province of Rwanda with a share of 41% of the country prevalence in 2014 and during 2017-2018 a figure of 11 deaths was attributed to malaria and both Gisagara and Bugesera Districts were the high burdened.
Methodology
The RDHS 2014-2015 data was used for the study and a cross-sectional survey was used in which two clusters were considered both Gisagara and Bugesera Districts in the Southern and Eastern Province of Rwanda. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the significant predictors with malaria and reduced logistic regression model was used.
Results
The results of the study show that not having mosquito bed nets for sleeping is 0.264 times less likely of having malaria than those who have mosquito bed nets in Gisagara District. In Bugesera District, living in low altitude is 2.768 times more likely associated with the risk of getting malaria than living in high altitude.
Conclusion
The results of the study concluded that environmental and geographical factor such as low altitude is the risk factor associated with malaria than the high altitude in Bugesera District. While not having mosquito bed nets for sleeping is the protective factor for malaria than those who have it in Gisagara District. On the other hand, socio-economic and demographic characteristics do not have any effect with malaria on the results of the study.
Endogenous/Exogenous Nanovaccines Synergistically Enhance Dendritic Cell-mediated Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Qiang , Ding Meng , Xiu Weijun , Shan Jingyang , Yuwen Lihui , Yang Dongliang , Song Xuejiao , Yang Guangwen , Su Xiaodan , Mou Yongbin , Teng Zhaogang , Dong Heng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Traditional dendritic cell (DC)-mediated immunotherapy is usually suppressed by weak immunogenicity in tumors and generally leads to unsatisfactory outcomes. Synergistic exogenous/endogenous immunogenic activation can provide an alternative strategy for evoking a robust immune response by promoting DC activation. Herein, we prepared Ti3C2 MXene-based nanoplatforms (termed MXP) with high-efficiency near-infrared photothermal conversion and immunocompetent loading capacity to form endogenous/exogenous nanovaccines. Specifically, the immunogenic cell death of tumor cells induced by the photothermal effects of the MXP can generate endogenous danger signals and antigen release to boost vaccination for DC maturation and antigen cross-presentation. In addition, MXP can deliver ovalbumin tumor antigens (OVA) and agonists (CpG-ODN) as an exogenous nanovaccine (MXP@OC), which further enhanced efficient DC activation. Importantly, the synergistic strategy of photothermal therapy and DC-mediated immunotherapy by MXP significantly eradicated tumors and enhanced adaptive immunity. Hence, the present work provides a two-pronged strategy for improving immunogenicity and killing tumor cells to achieve a favorable outcome in tumor patients.
A zero trust security approach with FIDO2
Authors: Bavendiek Stefan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Common IT infrastructures are built with a perimeter firewall, that separates the internal from the external network environment. Systems within the internal network are considered as trusted by conventional security architectures, while everything outside is considered hostile. However, the IT Security threats within our modern IT environments are often targeting end devices, with attack vectors such as phishing. The consequences from this mismatch between security architecture and threat landscape, become apparent with the increasing number of infrastructures that are getting completely devastated by low level malware such as common ransomware. Modern security requirements demand an IT architecture, that mitigates the risk from compromised end devices. The zero trust architecture is an approach to solve this problem and relieve the conventional perimeter security architecture. This paper will present an approach for a new security architecture that uses modern zero trust solutions to mitigate the risks from common security threats and increase the usability at the same time by replacing passwords as authentication method with the FIDO2 Web Authentication standard.
Lipid peroxidation mediates the association between iron overload and liver injury: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in general Chinese urban adults
Authors: Wang Xing , Wang Bin , Cheng Man , Yu Linling , Liu Wei , Nie Xiuquan , Wang Mengyi , Zhou Min , Chen Weihong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Iron overload has been associated with acute/chronic organ failure, but whether iron overload induces liver injury remain unclear.
Objectives: To assess the relationship between urinary iron and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, a biomarker for liver injury), and investigate the potential mediating roles of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage in such association.
Methods: Levels of urinary iron, serum ALT, and urinary biomarkers of lipid peroxidation (8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α [8-iso-PGF2α]) and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-deoxyguano-sine [8-OHdG]) were measured among 5386 observations of 4220 participants from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. The relationships between urinary iron and serum ALT as well as risk of hyperALT were separately evaluated by linear mixed models and logistic regression models. The mediating roles of 8-iso-PGF2α and 8-OHdG were assessed by mediation analyses.
Results: In cross sectional analysis, urinary iron was positively associated with ALT (β=0.032; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.044) and hyperALT (OR=1.127; 95% CI: 1.065, 1.192). After 3 years of follow-up, participants with persistent high iron level had increased risk of developing hyperALT (RR=3.800; 95% CI: 1.464, 9.972) when compared with those with persistent low iron level. In addition, each 1% increase in urinary iron was associated with a 0.146% (95% CI: 0.128%, 0.164%) and 0.192% (95% CI: 0.154%, 0.229%) increase in 8-iso-PGF2α and 8-OHdG, respectively. Urinary 8-iso-PGF2α (β=0.056; 95% CI: 0.039, 0.074) rather than 8-OHdG was positively associated with ALT, and increased 8-iso-PGF2α significantly mediate 22.48% of the urinary iron-associated ALT increment.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that iron overload was significantly associated with liver injury, which was partly mediated by lipid peroxidation.
Structure and approximation properties of Laplacian-like matrices
Authors: Conejero José Alberto , Falco Antonio , Mora-Jimenez Maria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Many of today’s problems require techniques that involve the solution of arbitrarily large systems Ax = b. A popular numerical approach is the so-called Greedy Rank-One Update Algorithm, based on a particular tensor decomposition. The numerical experiments support the fact that this algorithm converges especially fast when the matrix of the linear system is Laplacian-Like. These matrices that follow the tensor structure of the Laplacian operator are formed by sums of Kronecker product of matrices following a particular pattern. Moreover, this set of matrices is not only a linear subspace it is a a Lie sub-algebra of a matrix Lie Algebra. In this paper, we characterize and give the main properties of this particular class of matrices. Moreover, the above results allow us to propose an algorithm to explicitly compute the orthogonal projection onto this subspace of a given square matrix A ∈ RN×N.
MSC Classification: 15A03 , 15A06 , 47A80 , 81R05 , 22E70
Effects of drought and nutrient deficit on the allocation of recently fixed carbon in plant-soil-microbe system
Authors: Xia Huijuan , Zhang Tiantian , Li Xinshuai , He Tiehu , Wang Xia , Zhang Jiehao , Zhang Kerong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and Aims

Carbon (C) allocation plays important role in plant adaptation to water and nutrient stress. However, the effects of drought and nutrient deficit on the allocation of recently fixed C in plant-soil-microbe system remain largely unknown.

Methods

We studied the response of C allocation of Sophora moorcroftiana (an indigenous pioneer plant in Tibet) in plant-soil-microbe system to drought, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deficit using a microcosm experiment. The 13CO2 continuous labeling was used to trace C transport through the plant-soil-microbe system.

Results

Drought significantly reduced C allocation to stem and root but increased allocation to soil. Deficit of N and P significantly increased C allocation to root under well-watered conditions, while P deficit significantly increased allocation to stem but decreased allocation to leaf under drought conditions. Carbon allocation to microbes was mainly affected by nutrient deficit, and 13C amounts in microbial biomass was decreased by N deficit and increased by P deficit. Stem 13C amount was positively related to net photosynthetic rate and leaf 13C amount, suggesting that plants preferentially allocate C to stem. Soil 13C amount decreased and 13C amount in microbial biomass first decreased and then increased with increasing plant 13C amount, indicating that high plant C supply did not drive high amounts of C transferred to soil and microbes.

Conclusion

We proved that drought and nutrient deficit interactively affected C allocation in plant-soil-microbe system, and revealed a U-shaped relationship between plant C supply and the amounts of C transferred to microbes.
Verification of an Intravenous Fluid Warmer: A Prospective, Two-Center Observational Trial
Authors: Lax Mikko , Mustola Seppo T. , Repo Kimmo , Järvinen Jari , Bayoro Danielle K. , Cataldo Steven H. , Karhinen Viivi , Rose Edward A. , Groepenhoff Herman , Waldmann Andreas D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Avoiding inadvertent hypothermia during surgery is important. Intravenous fluid warmers used intraoperatively are critical for maintaining euthermia. We sought to prospectively evaluate the performance of the parylene-coated enFlow™ intravenous fluid warmer in patients undergoing surgery.
Methods
This was a prospective two-center observational clinical trial performed in inpatient surgical services of two large academic hospital systems. After informed consent, patients were enrolled in the study. All patients were adults scheduled for a surgery that was expected to last for at least 1 h with the administration of at least one liter of fluid warmed prior to infusion. Patient temperature was recorded in the preoperative unit, at the induction of anesthesia, and then every 15 or 30 minutes until the end of surgery. Temperature monitoring continued in the recovery unit. The parylene-coated enFlow™ intravenous fluid warmer was used in addition to the usual patient warming techniques. The primary outcome was the average core temperature, and secondary analyses assessed individual temperature measurements, temperature measurements during specific time periods, and rate of hypothermic events.
Results
Fifty patients (29 male) with a mean age of 64 years were included in the analysis. The mean surgical time was 195 minutes and patients received an average of 1142 ml of fluids. Core temperature dropped by only 0.3°C approximately 60 minutes after induction and recovered back to the baseline level approximately 60 minutes later. There was no correlation between flow rate and measured core body temperature.
Conclusions
The parylene-coated enFlow intravenous fluid warmer was able to warm fluids at all flow rates during prolonged surgery. The results showed that enFlow performed as expected.
Trial registration
The trial was registered prior to patient enrollment at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04709627, Principal investigator: Mikko Lax, MD, Date of registration: 14 January 2021.)
The effect of in vitro maturation (IVM) protocol changes on measures of oocyte/embryo competence
Authors: Rose Bruce Irwin , Nguyen Kevin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: In vitro maturation (IVM) continues its evolution as new ideas are introduced with the objective of making the IVM procedure easier and more effective. This study combines ideas believed likely to improve the IVM outcome or make the IVM oocyte identification process easier.
Methods: A cohort of 45 women underwent an IVM cycle in which letrozole was used with the theoretical objective of improving the competence of small antral follicles, the oocyte aspiration technique was modified to minimize the time between oocyte aspiration and oocyte identification, and blastocysts were transferred during a subsequent cycle with controlled endometrial development.
Results: Measures of oocyte competence used for these prospectively followed cycles were as follows: the maturation rate was 90.5%, the fertilization rate was 92.4%, the cleavage rate was 94.6%, the usable blastulation rate per zygote was 50.2%, and the implantation rate was 34.2%. In 7.9% of cycles initiated, there was a failure to produce blastocytes. Per transfer, the biochemical pregnancy rate was 63.2%, the clinical pregnancy rate was 55.3% and the ongoing/delivered pregnancy rate at the end of the first trimester was 47.4%. The miscarriage rate for clinical pregnancies in the first trimester was 14.3% and the ongoing twinning rate was 11.1%.
Conclusion: Except for blastocyst production, the above modifications of IVM technology were suggestive of oocyte competence similar to conventional IVF. In particular, the clinically best blastocysts derived from IVM cycles appear to function as well as the best blastocysts derived from oocytes produced during a traditional IVF cycle.
Ethics support: Baptist Health Institutional Review Board (IRB Number 18-49)
Feasibility of a Qualitative Sub-study of a Pilot Home-Delivered Meals Trial for Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias
Authors: Gadbois Emily A , Bunker Jennifer N. , Hilgeman Michelle , Shield Renee , McAuliff Kathleen E. , Mills Whitney , Thomas Kali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Among older adults, food insecurity is associated with poor health status and health outcomes; people living with dementia (PLWD) are at increased risk for insecurity. Approaches to addressing food insecurity among homebound older adults include two modes of home-delivered meals: 1) meals delivered daily to participants’ homes by a volunteer or paid driver who socializes with the client or 2) frozen meals that are mailed to participants’ homes. Research has not examined benefits of these meals for PLWD or their caregivers, nor compared the effectiveness of these two approaches in reducing food insecurity. The objective of this study was to test the processes for recruiting and engaging in qualitative research with PLWD and caregivers in an effort to understand the context, implementation, and mechanisms of impact by which relationships between meal delivery and outcomes may be achieved in preparation for a larger, follow-on study.

Methods

This is a qualitative sub-study of a pilot, multisite, two-arm pragmatic feasibility trial comparing the effect of two modes of meal delivery on nursing home placement among 243 PLWD. In this sub-study, we tested recruitment and enrollment procedures and piloted interview guides among a subset of participants and caregivers.

Results

We recruited and conducted interviews with nine PLWD and seven caregivers. In testing the informed consent process, all participants were able to consent to be interviewed, and PLWD all demonstrated capacity to consent. We successfully used a cognitive screener to obtain scores of cognitive impairment for PLWD, and observed scores indicating a broad range of function. Our interview guides successfully resulted in information about the context, implementation, and mechanisms of impact for meal delivery during the pilot.

Conclusions

In addition to establishing feasibility for the future trial, the substantive findings identified through the qualitative interviews provide an initial understanding of the contextual factors for meal delivery and the potential mechanisms of impact across meal delivery types that warrant further examination in a full-scale trial. Findings from our study provide crucial pilot data to support a follow-on trial to understand how to address food insecurity among PLWD.
Name of the registry: ClinicalTrials.gov
Trial registration: NCT04850781
Date of registration: April 20, 2021, retrospectively registered
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04850781
A novel state estimation approach for suspension system with time-varying and unknown noise covariance
Authors: Li Qiangqiang , Chen Zhiyong , Shi Wenku 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a novel state estimation approach based on variational Bayesian adaptive Kalman filter (VBAKF) and road classification is proposed for suspension system with the time-varying and unknown noise covariance. Using the VB approach, the time-varying noise covariance can be inferred from the inverse-Wishart distribution, then optimized state estimation by finite sampling posterior probability distribution function (PDF) of noise covariance and backward Kalman smoothing. In addition, a new road classification algorithm based on multi-objective optimization and linear classifier is proposed to identify the unknown noise covariance. Simulation results for a suspension model with time-varying and unknown noise covariance show that the proposed approach has a higher performance in state estimation accuracy than other filters.