bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivational factors for pursuing dentistry as a profession in colleges of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Mohid Abrar Lone  , Maham Muneeb Lone  , Muneeb Ahmed Lone  , Muhammad Saad Shaikh  , Fahad Khan  , Azeem Hussain Soomro  
Published: October 2022

Objective: To determine the reasons that motivated students to seek admission in dental colleges, and to assess differences in the reasons between students studying in private and public dental colleges.
Methods: The cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at two public-sector and four privatesector dental colleges in Karachi from June to September, 2018, and comprised students of first to final year of studies. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Students were asked to mark all reasons that they considered had been an influencing factor on their decision to opt for dentistry. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: Of the 900 forms distributed, 814(90.4%) were collected with complete data; 182(22.4%) males and 632(77.6%) females. The overall mean age was 20.8±1.3 years. Of the total, 324(39.8%) students were from the public sector, while 490(60.2%) were at private colleges. A statistically significant difference was noted in professional and personal reasons cited by the two groups of students (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It is of utmost importance that students shall be very clear regarding their expectations from a career to minimise chances of abandoning it midway or being professionally dissatisfied even after completing a degree.
Keywords: Dental students, Profession, Motivational factors. (JPMA 70: 1393; 2020).
Spatiotemporal continuous estimates of daily 1 km PM2.5 from 2000 to present under the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) framework
Authors: Xiao Qingyang , Geng Guannan , Liu Shigan , Liu Jiajun , Meng Xia , Zhang Qiang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. High spatial resolution PM2.5 data covering a long time period are urgently needed to support population exposure assessment and refined air quality management. In this study, we provided
complete-coverage PM2.5 predictions with a 1 km spatial resolution from 2000 to the present under the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP,
http://tapdata.org.cn/, last access: 3 October 2022) framework. To support high spatial resolution
modeling, we collected PM2.5 measurements from both national and local
monitoring stations. To correctly reflect the temporal variations in land
cover characteristics that affected the local variations in PM2.5, we
constructed continuous annual geoinformation datasets, including the road
maps and ensemble gridded population maps, in China from 2000 to 2021. We
also examined various model structures and predictor combinations to balance
the computational cost and model performance. The final model fused 10 km
TAP PM2.5 predictions from our previous work, 1 km satellite aerosol
optical depth retrievals, and land use parameters with a random forest
model. Our annual model had an out-of-bag R2 ranging between 0.80 and
0.84, and our hindcast model had a by-year cross-validation R2 of 0.76.
This open-access, 1 km resolution PM2.5 data product, with complete
coverage, successfully revealed the local-scale spatial variations in
PM2.5 and could benefit environmental studies and policymaking.
Assessing minimum pyroclastic density current mass to impact critical infrastructures: example from Aso caldera (Japan)
Authors: Bevilacqua Andrea , Aravena Alvaro , Aspinall Willy , Costa Antonio , Mahony Sue , Neri Augusto , Sparks Stephen , Hill Brittain 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. We describe a method for calculating the probability that a distal geographic location is impacted by a pyroclastic density current (PDC) of a given size, considering the key related uncertainties. Specifically, we evaluate the minimum volume and mass of a PDC generated at the Aso caldera (Japan) that might affect each of five distal infrastructure (marker) sites, with model input parameter uncertainties derived from expert judgment.
The 5 marker sites are all located 115–145 km from the caldera; as these lie in well-separated directions, we can test the effects of the different topographic shielding effects in each case. To inform our probabilistic analysis, we apply alternative kinetic energy assessment approaches, i.e., rock avalanche and density current dynamics. In the latter formulation, the minimum mass needed to reach the markers ranges between median values of ∼153×1012 and ∼465×1012 kg (M 7.2–7.7), depending on the site. Rock avalanche dynamics modeling indicates that a ∼3-times greater mass would be required to reach the marker sites with 50 % probability, while the hypothetical scenario of a relatively dilute distal ash cloud would require ∼3-times less mass. We compare our results with the largest recorded Aso eruption, showing that a catastrophic eruption, similar to Aso-4, ≈ M8, would present a significant conditional probability of PDCs reaching the marker sites, in the density current formulation and contingent on uncertainty in the erupted mass and on marker site direction.
Отношение благородного сословия к роли социального этикета в Российской империи в конце XIX в.
Authors: Косова Дарья Геннадьевна 
Published: October 2022

Современная историческая наука тяготеет к изучению истории повседневной культуры. Несмотря на данный факт, социальный этикет в кругах благородного сословия Российской империи в конце XIX века по сей день остается крайне малоизученной темой исторического наследия прошлого. Между тем социальный этикет конца XIX века является ключевой составляющей понимания мировоззрения дворянского сословия, его повседневной жизни. Указанный период стал важным этапом в формировании нового социально-правового статуса дворянского сословия, что оказало влияние и на культурную составляющую. В большинстве научных работ, касающихся нашего вопроса, заметна тенденция к противопоставлению светской культуры религиозным догматам, что, по мнению автора, является заблуждением, поскольку для дворян светская культура общения была «продолжением» религиозности.
Аграрное движение в Воронежской губернии в 1917 г.
Authors: Зверков Евгений Андреевич 
Published: October 2022

На рубеже XIX–XX столетий крестьянское население Воронежской губернии росло с удивительной быстротой, в то время как земельный фонд оставался практически неизменным. Таким образом, шло неуклонное сокращение среднедушевого надела, которое, вкупе с малодоходностью крестьянского хозяйства, приводило к постепенному материальному обеднению общинников. Разрушение вертикали государственной власти, последовавшее за отречением императора Николая II и революционными процессами в Петрограде, позволило крестьянам попробовать самостоятельно решить т. н. «земельный вопрос». Несмотря на то, что к 1917 г. в руках частных землевладельцев оставалось не более 10 % всего пахотного клина губернии, насильственные конфискации земель рассматривались крестьянами как наиболее надёжный способ снижения остроты малоземелья. Сохранившиеся свидетельства эпохи показывают, что многие сельские общества стремились создать впечатление, согласно которому они не отнимают землю, а лишь спасают её от запустения. Для этого общинники осуществляли политику нарушения хозяйственной жизни имений и их разорения. Что касается политических партий, то они, несмотря на активную работу, не смогли заключить аграрное движение губернии в матрицу политической борьбы.
The Last Black (Jewish) Unicorn: Tiffany Haddish’s Black Mitzvah and the Reframing of Jewish Female Identity
Authors: Pickette Samantha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the work of Tiffany Haddish, the Black Jewish stand-up comedian and actress, both in terms of Haddish’s contributions to the well-established canon of Jewish female comedy and in terms of the ways that Haddish’s work paves new ground. Through an analysis of Haddish’s 2019 Netflix special, Black Mitzvah, this paper first traces the stylistic and aesthetic methods that connect Haddish’s comedy with that of her Jewish peers (both historical and contemporaneous) and then considers the areas where Haddish breaks new ground in her assertion of a non-paradigmatic Jewish identity that is simultaneously embraced and othered within popular culture at large. The paper then transitions into a larger discussion of the ways in which Haddish’s work challenges how popular culture “expects” Jewish identity to manifest itself; her double visibility both as a Black woman and as a Jewish woman destabilizes the hegemonic understanding of Jewishness as homogenously white and Ashkenazic. Perhaps more importantly, Haddish acts as an important case study of the shifting demographics of Jewish visibility within American popular culture, and consequently, the critical and popular response to her work demonstrates the contradictory role that popular culture—and comedy specifically—plays in confirming and subverting stereotypes.
“Exiled from Exile Itself”: Jewish Privilege and the Feminist Afterlives of Yiddish in Crazy Ex-Girlfriend and Broad City
Authors: Luzon Danny 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This essay studies how Jewish creators of television comedy negotiate the tension between Jewish white privilege and inherited memories of social precarity by shaping a Jewish-ly coded vernacular. Specifically, I explore the multilingual idioms designed by Ilana Glazer, Abbi Jacobson, and Rachel Bloom in the sitcoms Broad City and Crazy Ex-Girlfriend. I argue that their feminist language design generates various afterlives for a migratory diasporic condition that is by now for them a mere memory. Through vernacular reimaginations of their own removal from their ancestors’ precarity, they envision new linguistic ways to unsettle hegemonic structures of gender, sexuality, race, and culture.
E. G. Browne, the Persophile: Orientalism in A Year Amongst the Persians
Authors: Ghoreishi Marziyeh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In his seminal Orientalism, Edward Said describes the Orient as a cultural construction of the East, represented by Europeans as a point of contrast to the West. The Orient thus comes to be seen as an Other against the Western Self, conveying a set of characteristics that are typically considered to be feminine and encompass such features as sensuality, irrationality, and violence. These features are set against a masculine, strong, and rational West. Travel writing in particular has been concerned with the exercise of power and authority in the Orient. Using Said’s theory of Orientalism, this article looks at Edward Granville Browne’s A Year Amongst the Persians to examine Browne’s perception and understanding of Iran and Iranians. Browne began learning Persian in 1882 and subsequently became a Persophile and admirer of Persian language and culture. He spent 1887–8 in Iran and among Iranians and published his travelogue in 1893. For a better understanding of Browne’s position on imperialism and Orientalism, the article examines the writings of some British travelers and explores the cultural bias implicit in their works and their construction of the “imaginary” Orient and uses that as a point of comparison and contrast with Browne’s travelogue.
Milieubescherming na Brexit
Authors: Douma W.Th. 
Published: October 2022

Milieubescherming na Brexit. De terugkeer van de vieze man van Europa?
Op het moment van Brexit bestond er een gelijk speelveld wat betreft milieubescherming tussen het VK en de EU. Verscheidene duurzaamheidsbepalingen in de EU-VK Handels- en samenwerkingsovereenkomst zijn erop gericht te voorkomen dat partijen na Brexit een competitief voordeel zouden kunnen trachten te bewerkstelligen door milieuregels minder of niet langer te handhaven, of door milieunormen te versoepelen. Onderzocht wordt of deze bepalingen kunnen garanderen dat het gelijk speelveld blijft bestaan. Dat een aantal duurzaamheidsbepalingen via sancties afdwingbaar is (een noviteit voor de EU) kan daaraan bijdragen. Vergeleken met andere EU-handelsverdragen is de EU-VK Handels- en samenwerkingsovereenkomst in dit opzicht een belangrijke stap vooruit.
PENERAPAN CERITA RAKYAT TANGKUBAN PERAHU MENGGUNAKAN VISUAL NOVEL (VN) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN REN’PY
Authors: Falah Rizky Nur , Jaya Suhana Minah 
Published: October 2022

Visual Novel termasuk salah satu jenis permainan petualangan, yang difokuskan di bagian penceritaan, sehingga pemain seringkali hanya membaca novel di komputer pribadi yang menampilkan gambar beserta teks dan suara. Seringkali pemain diharuskan untuk memilih di antara pilihan-pilihan yang ada untuk melanjutkan ke jalan cerita selanjutnya, dan setiap pilihan yang diambil dapat memengaruhi jalan cerita dari Visual Novel yang sedang dimainkan. Istilah lain untuk Visual Novel adalah novel game atau sound novel (novel bersuara). Tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk membuat penyampaian cerita Tangkuban Perahu menjadi lebih interaktif. Game visual novel ini dibangun menggunakan game engine Ren’Py dengan bahasa pemograman Python yang telah disederhanakan.
APLIKASI SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMBERIAN BANTUAN PEMERINTAH KEPADA MASYARAKAT PADA MASA PANDEMI MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) BERBASIS FRAMEWORK LARAVEL
Authors: Ramsari Nopi , Hidayat Teddy 
Published: October 2022

Bantuan dalam bentuk Sembako merupakan subsidi pangan dimasa pandemi sebagai upaya pemerintah untuk dalam meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dan memberikan perlindungan pada keluarga kurang mampu dan diharapkan mampu menjangkau keluarga yang kurang mampu.Dalam pembagian sembako ini sering terjadi kecurangan karena ketidakakuratan data di RT/RW sehingga mengakibatkan warga yang mampu justru mendapatkan bantuan sembako sedangkan warga yang berhak malah tidak mendapatkan bantuan sembako. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode waterfall yaitu requirement analysis and definition, system and software design, implementation and unit testing, integration and system testing, dan operation and maintenance sedangkan metode pengambilan keputusan yang digunakan adalah metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) berbasis Framework Laravel.Dengan adannya penelitian ini diharapkan Aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan dengan menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dapat membantu dalam menyeleksi calon penerima sembako bagi keluarga kurang mampu sehingga tidak akan terjadi kecurangan dalam penentuan penerima bantuan.sembako bagi masyarakat.
LAYANAN INFORMASI DENGAN SMS GATEWAY PADA MARCHING BAND LOCOMOTIVE
Authors: Koestia Koestia , Khalimi Toni 
Published: October 2022

Short Messaging System atau SMS merupakan salah satu mode dalam berkomunikasi. SMS Gateway adalah sebuah perangkat lunak yang menggunakan bantuan komputer dan memanfaatkan teknologi seluler yang diintegrasikan guna mendistribusikan pesan-pesan dikeluarkan lewat sistem informasi melalui media SMS yang ditangani oleh jaringan seluler (internet).Setelah terbuatnya aplikasi SMS Gateway di Marching Band Locomotive guna untuk menyebarkan informasi kepada keseluruh anggota dapat dilakukan dengan cepat dan tepat. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini dapat menggantikan peran selembaran kertas pengumuman yang selama ini masih digunakan dalam penyebaran informasi di Marching Band Locomotive. Oleh karena itu perlu dibuat suatu Aplikasi Pengirim Pesan (SMS Gateway) agar setiap anggota mendapatkan informasi secara langsung. Metode yang digunakan adalah menggunakan diagram UML. Dalam membangun aplikasi SMS Gateway ini dibutuhkan perangkat lunak pendukung seperti Apache sebagai web server, PHP sebagai bahasa pemrograman web, MySQL sebagai basis data dan lain-lain. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan adalah melakukan analisis kebutuhan terhadap layanan SMS Gateway tersebut. Hasil Akhir penelitian ini akan menyajikan bahwa telah dapat dikembangkan sistem SMS Gateway dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan basis data MySQL. Aplikasi SMS Gateway yang telah dibangun dapat melakukan pengiriman pesan atau informasi yang hanya dilakukan oleh Administrator untuk menyebarkan informasi pada Marching Band Locomotive.
Edukasi Dukungan Sosial terhadap Orang dengan Risiko Tinggi HIV/AIDS di SMK Bhakti Kencana Ciamis
Authors: Hidayat Nur , Farhatul Muslihah Nida , Khodijah Yuliana Ayu , Kemuning  , Rahman Arfani , Arkan Haidar Amru Mochammad , Sonya Ajeng 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Problems in Indonesia that arise due to poor health behavior, one of which is HIV/AIDS, in the Ciamis district there were 95 cases of HIV/AIDS in 2019. AIDS itself is a symptom of damage to the immune system due to a virus called Human Immunodeficiency or called HIV. For sufferers, getting social support from the environment will really help them in developing themselves.
Objective: This activity aims to provide counseling that people with HIV/AIDS need social support from their families and their environment, it is also hoped that at the end of the counseling process students can understand HIV/AIDS and how to provide social support to people at risk of getting HIV/AIDS.
Method: The method used in this counseling is the lecture method using PowerPoint media.
Result: Based on the evaluation there is an increase in knowledge about HIV/AIDS and how to provide social support to people at risk of getting HIV/AIDS. The results of the evaluation of extension activities showed that 5 out of 24 students responded to the questions given and could answer questions correctly.
Conclusion: An increase in knowledge about HIV/AIDS and how to provide social support to people at risk of HIV/AIDS with indicators that students understand the material provided, can answer questions, and provide appropriate answers. Suggestions for this activity need to be improved in preparing for the activities to be carried out.
Pemberdayaan Komunitas P2WKSS untuk Mengendalikan Stunting di Kabupaten Ciamis
Authors: Sintia Ramdhani Susan , Nurapandi Adi , Rahayu Yuyun , Puspa Ningtias Restika , Sundewi Alis , Ridla Firdaus Nabil 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Stunting is a condition in which a child has an unbalanced height ratio for his age, occurs due to lack of nutrition so that the child’s growth is stunted. One of causes of stunting in infants and toodlers is the lack of parental knowledge about stunting.
Objective: This community service activity is carried out by empowering the community regarding stunting which is expected after this program is carried out, the community and parent know about stunting control and pay more attention to the growth of infants and toodlers.
Method: This activity is carried out by providing counseling through 4 stages, namely interviews, providing education about stunting, then monitoring for 21 days and evaluating.
Result: Of the 48 respondents before the counseling, who knew about stunting only 20 people (41,6%) after the parental knowledge counselimg increased to 40 people (83,3%). Results of monitoring for 21 days, parents are able to apply the understanding gained by providing good nutritional intake and paying attention to hygiene in infants and toodlers.
Conclusion: This service activity succeeded in increasing the knowledge of parent about stunting so that they really play a role as the main guide for the growth and development of infants and toodlers by paying more attention to the nutritional needs and development of children.
How (un)readable are the European and UNESCO Cultural Conventions in the Digital Era?
Authors: Patrizia Giampieri  
Published: October 2022

In 1954, the Members of the Council of Europe adopted the European Cultural Convention. In 2005, UNESCO ratified a Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. In 2017, the Conference of Parties at the 2005 Convention approved the Operational Guidelines on the Implementation of the Convention in the Digital Environment.
How different, or similar, are these documents in terms of (legal) language and contents? The literature has long discussed the features hallmarking the language of the law. Do these characteristics also apply to international conventions? Are these documents somehow affected, or influenced, by the digital era and media discourse? This paper aims to answer these questions by exploring the (dis)similarities among these important documents in terms of content and use of legal terminology vis-à-vis the global media landscape. It will shed light on the accessibility and intelligibility of these documents to the layperson in terms of clarity, content, sentence structure and syntax. It will explore whether any form of legalese is applied and whether the drafting style is either formal or informal; solemn or simple, and (un)influenced by media or digital language. The paper findings will remark that the European Convention and, surprisingly, the more recent UNESCO Convention, are characterized by a formal, detached and rather archaic style, being addressed to its member states. To some extent, instead, the Operational Guidelines are more reader-friendly and accessible to the (digital) layperson. They contain, in fact, more elements of plain English and cater for the new rights of Internet users.
The nexus between energy consumption, carbon dioxide emission and technological innovation in the Global panel: Evidence from Panel quantile regression
Authors: Bibi Robeena , Khan Itbar , Sumaira  , Zhang Rong  , Farah Sadiq  , Le thi Kim Oanh  
Published: October 2022

Expanding the capability of technological innovations is curial in acquiring renewable energy sources, enhancing the efficiency of energy and lowering carbon dioxide emissions which can leads to environmental sustainability however the factors effecting the level of technological innovations needs to be explored. Consequently, this study explores the effect of carbon dioxide emission, energy consumption and foreign direct investment on technological innovations in 179 global countries from 1980 to 2019. The results indicate that foreign direct investment significantly and negatively affect technological innovations proxy by patent nonresidents in the lower quantiles while this effect is negative insignificant at the highest. Carbon dioxide emission and financial development significantly and positively effect technological innovations proxy by patent nonresidents while energy consumption and trade significantly decrease technological innovations. In case of dependent variable research and development, the effect of foreign direct investment on technological innovations and international trade is negative while financial development and energy consumption positively and significantly affect technological innovations proxy by research and development. The effect of financial development is negative significant and negative insignificant across quantile while the highest quantile gives positive coefficient thus shows that its increase technological innovations proxy by research and development. The findings have considerable policy implications for the sample countries regarding economic growth, foreign direct investment inflow, energy consumption and technological innovations.
The lacuna in the Rules Governing the Transport of Persons and Things (A Comparative Study)
Authors: ياملكي اكرم ياملكي 
Published: October 2022

The transport of persons and things is one of the most important activities exercised by the human being since ancient times, in land, water and air.
Notwithstanding that our Iraqi legislator tackled the rules of this activity in the various laws, especially the laws of commerce No. (60) of 1943 and No. (80) of 1983, these rules still suffer from several lacunas, which needs to be enlightened to reach the higher level of governing this activity.
To facilitate the acquaintance of the subject, we divided this research into three sections. The first on the lacuna of the rules concerning the transport of persons. The second on the lacuna of the rules of the transport of things. While we consecrated the third section to the civil liability of the parties in the contract of transport.
We came in the conclusion to that this lacuna requires the intervention of the legislators for the perfection of the legal rules governing transport.