bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Um Estudo da Formulação Clássica de Campos em Física
Authors: Cartier Renan Flaneto , Rufino Elzimar de Oliveira , Oliveira Fabricio de Figueredo , Araújo Ijanílio Gabriel de 
Published: January 2022

Teoria de Campo, em geral, serve para formular novas teorias em Física, visando unificações de Leis bem estabelecidas e, desempenhando papel importante na ciência, civilização, e na atividade humana, com destaque sobreo avanço da tecnologia e informação. Assim, nesta proposta, faremos uma abordagem introdutória aos formalismos presentes na teoria clássica de campos, com uma breve contextualização histórica, mostrando o desenvolvimento e a evolução da Teoria de Campos. Estes formalismos são muito relevantes tanto no ramo da Mecânica Clássica, quanto na Mecânica Quântica. O objetivo é auxiliar o estudo para alunos de graduação de quaisquer áreas das ciênciasexatas e da natureza, além de possibilitar aperfeiçoamento profissional para desenvolver futuros trabalhos em Física Matemática. Nesta proposta, inserimos os formalismos newtoniano, lagrangiano e hamiltoniano, além de mencionar a abordagem relativística.Palavras-chave: Teoria de Campos, Formalismos Newtoniano, Lagrangiano e Hamiltoniano.
Peningkatan Kualitas Kimia Tanah Sulfat Masam dengan Aplikasi Kombinasi Bahan Organik Lokal dan Limbah Agroindustri
Authors: Abdillah Muhammad Helmy , Widiyastuti Dewi Amelia 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research was to assess effect of compost treatment from various local organic materials combined with agro-industrial waste to improved chemical quality of acid sulfate mineral soils, to compare of root dry weight and grain weight milled dryness of Inpara-3. This research was conducted at screen house of Polytechnic Hasnur, Barito Kuala District, South Kalimantan from November 2020 to June 2021. This study used Compeletely Randomized Design (CRD) with Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test a=5%. There were 7 treatments used as, K0 = control. JKD = paddy straw compost 4 t ha-1 and solid decanter 2 t ha-1; JKR = paddy straw compost 4 t ha-1 and solid crumb rubber 2 t ha-1; SKD = empty fruit bunch compost 4 t ha-1 and solid decanter 2 t ha-1; SKR = empty fruit bunch compost 4 t ha-1 and solid crumb rubber 2 t ha-1; PKD = compost of purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) 4 t ha-1 and solid decanter 2 t ha-1; PKR = compost of purun tikus 4 t ha-1 and LPKR 2 t ha-1. The treatment was 5 replication so that 35 experimental plant units. The results showed compost paddy straw combinated solid decanter reducing concentration of soluble Fe and Al and can increasing availability of P and K. Treatment of compost empty fruit bunch combinated solid decanter can be increasing pH and total N-mineral. Compost paddy straw combinated solid crumb rubber gave increasing weight on root dry and grain milled dryness.

Keywords: acid sulfate soil; agroindustrial wasted; compost
Control and Automation: Insmoaf (Integrated Smart Modern Agriculture and Fisheries) on The Greenhouse Model
Authors: Siskandar Ridwan , Santosa Sesar Husen , Wiyoto Wiyoto , Kusumah Billi Rifa , Hidayat Agung Prayudha 
Published: January 2022

A greenhouse is an agricultural management system that has shown the efficiency of food production. This system is an effective alternative to ensure maximum production results. Agriculture with greenhouse technology can create the desired environmental/climatic conditions. The rapid development of technology and science has led to the birth of communication between devices using IoT and AI. This technology can be applied to greenhouses in agriculture and fisheries. Research on greenhouse and microcontroller-based automation systems has been carried out, and it is interesting to be developed. Researchers make a more efficient system and can increase the quality and quantity of production. The measurement data of both modes are monitored using the web. The greenhouse prototype is supported by DHT22, DS18B20, a fan to control the greenhouse cooler, RFID as the key access to the greenhouse. DHT22 & DS18B20 sensor readings in the prototype greenhouse use an AI system with the fuzzy method. IoT and AI have been successfully implemented in models of rice fields, hydroponic farming, and fisheries using automatic modes of RTC devices and sensors. The fuzzy approach method is used to find the optimum temperature and humidity values. The fuzzy approach was successfully carried out until the temperature and humidity conditions were "ideal," "high," and "very high." This condition provides information to the microcontroller to activate which fan should turn on. In manual mode, the smartphone application controls the system properly.

Keywords: artificial intelegent, control and automation, fuzzy logic, greenhouse, IoT
Kuantitas Mikrob Tanah pada Lahan Jagung dengan Aplikasi Ekstrak Alga
Authors: Amaliah Nur Azizah , Anisa Nurul , Norna Norna , Ahmad Muhammad Habil , Rusli Fitratul Insaniah , Karim Hilda , Azis Andi Asmawati , Junda Muhammad , Jumadi Oslan 
Published: January 2022

Organic fertilizers contain complete nutrients needed by plants, such as humic acid and fulvic acid, that can promote plant growth and increase the population of beneficial microbes in the soil. Algae can be an organic fertilizer in extract preparations that can increase plant growth and improve soil composition. The calculated number of microbes from the soil on corn land with the application of algae extracts affects the population of soil microbes both by standard plate count (SPC) and most probable number (MPN) methods. The total number of bacteria by SPC in the control soil was 3.1 × 105 CFU/g, while the total fungus was only 1.7 × 104 CFU/g upon applying 5% algae extract. The most microalgae by MPN in the control ground was estimated to be 2.6 × 104 cells/g. Therefore, the application of algae extract affects the number of soil microbes on corn land compared to control soil. The algae extract reduces the number of bacteria and algae but increases the number of fungi on cornfields.

Keywords: algae extracts, cornfields, soil microbes
Ketebalan Daun dan Laju Transpirasi Pada Tanaman Hias Dikotil
Authors: Dacosta Yuliana Ovan , Daningsih Entin 
Published: January 2022

Transpiration rate internally depends on the water content that occupies the tissue in the leaves, which is reflected in the thickness of the leaves. This study measured the transpiration rate and leaf thickness of ornamental dicotyledon plants. The experiment used Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Six species of dicotyledon plants and three parts of the plant were the main factors. The interaction between plant species and plant parts was a combination factor. The transpiration rate was measured using a weighing method and leaf thickness was measured from the upper to the lower epidermis. Leaf thickness was measured before and after transpiration rate measurement. Data were analyzed using SAS with Factorial CRD model and continued with the LSD test if there was a significant treatment. The species of plant and plant parts had significant effects on the transpiration rate and leaf thickness, but the combination or interaction of the two did not affect the transpiration rate and leaf thickness. Aerva sanguinolenta Bi. had the highest transpiration rate followed by Syzygium paniculatum Gaertn., Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult., Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour., Bougainvillea glabra Choisy, and Codiaeum variegatum (L.) A. Juss while the leaves at the bottom of the plant had the highest transpiration rate compared to the middle and upper parts of the plant. Codiaeum variegatum (L.) A. Juss. had thick leaves and less transpiration rate than the other plants. The leaves at the top had a higher thickness than those at the middle and bottom parts of the plant. This occurs because the transpiration rate of the lower leaf was faster than the upper and middle parts. Leaf thickness was inversely correlated to the rate of transpiration.

Keywords: dicotyledon, leaf thickness, transpiration rate
Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.), Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek), dan Jagung (Zea mays L.) pada Temperatur dan Tekanan Osmotik Berbeda
Authors: Zidny Fatikhasari  , Lailaty Intani Quarta , Sartika Dian , Ubaidi Muhammad Aldian 
Published: January 2022

Viability and vigor are components of seed quality assessment which are influenced by internal and external factors of the seed, i.e., salinity and temperature. Salinity is related to the interaction between osmotic pressure and seed germination. This study used 3 types of seeds, they are peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek), and corn (Zea mays L.). The purposes of this study were to determine seed viability by using Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), to analyze the effects of different osmotic pressures and temperatures on seed viability and vigor. Peanut seed viability test was conducted by using 1% TTC solution. Testing the effect of osmotic pressure on seed viability and vigor was conducted by using various concentrations of NaCl (0.01 M; 0.05 M; 0.5 M; 0.1 M; 1 M). The germination test of the three seeds was conducted by using temperatures of 30°C and 35°C, each with three replications. The test parameters measured included germination, germination rate, germination speed index, vigor index, simultaneous growth, and the speed of seed growth. The results showed that TTC solution was effectively used to determine seed viability. Mung bean had the highest germination rate, LP, IKP, IV, simultaneous growth, and speed of seed growth compared to the other tested seeds in all salinity and temperature treatments. The 30 ⁰C temperature treatment resulted in the best viability and seed vigor for the three tested plants. Treatments of temperature and salinity affect the quality of the three plant seeds which can then be used to determine the quality of peanut, mung bean, and corn seeds.

Keywords: germination, salinity, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, viability, vigour
New-onset hyperglycaemia and prolonged systemic corticosteroids therapy in mild COVID-19 patients as major risk factors for invasive mucormycosis: a preliminary study
Authors: Khichar Satyendra , Samantaray Subhashree , Kumar Deepak , Mobarsa Veena , Jain Vidhi , Sharma Vidhu , Soni Kapil , Choudhary Bikram , Goyal Amit , Meena Durga Shankar , Srinivasan Srikanth , Dutt Naveen , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Agarwal Ashwini , Garg Mahendra Kumar , Misra Sanjeev 
Published: January 2022

Background and Purpose: Rapid surge of invasive mucormycosis has surprised the Indian healthcare system amidst the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Hence, there is an urgent need to find the risk factors for the sudden rise in cases of invasive mucormycosis among COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to find crucial risk factors for the sudden surge of invasive mucormycosis in India.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 77 cases of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) who matched the controls (45 controls) in terms of age , gender, and COVID-19 disease severity. The control group included subjects that matched controls without mucormycosis confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction at our tertiary care center during April-May 2021. Probable predisposing factors, such as duration of diabetes mellitus (DM), history of recent hospitalization, duration of hospital stay, mode of the received oxygen supplementation, and use of steroids, zinc, vitamin c, and any other specific drugs were collected and compared between the two groups. Moreover, the laboratory parameters, like glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were analyzed to find out the significant association with CAM.
Results: DM (Odds ratio=7.7, 95% CI 3.30-18.12; P=<0.0001) and high glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c>7.5 gm %) (odds ratio=6.2, 95% CI 1.4-26.7; P=0.014) were significant risk factors for the development of invasive mucormycosis among the COVID-19 cases. A higher number of mild COVID-19 cases developed CAM, compared to the moderate to severe cases (59.7% vs 40.3%). Use of systemic corticosteroids (odd ratio=5 with 95% CI 1.5-16.9; P=0.007) was found to be a risk factor for invasive mucormycosis only in mild COVID-19 cases. Use of oxygen, zinc, and vitamin C supplementation, and proprietary medicine did not lead to a significant risk of invasive mucormycosis in cases, compared to controls. Cases with invasive mucormycosis had a higher level of inflammatory markers (hsCRP and ESR, P=<0.001 and 0.002,respectively), compared to the controls.
Conclusion: Uncontrolled and new-onset DM and the use of systemic corticosteroids in mild cases were significantly associated with a higher risk of invasive mucormycosis in COVID-19 cases. There should be a strong recommendation against the use of systemic corticosteroids in mild COVID-19 cases.
Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Improving Sleep Quality and Reducing Insomnia Severity in Afflicted Patients
Authors: Yarahmadi Masoomeh , Hafezi Fariba , Makvandi Behnam 
Published: January 2022

Background: Based on the proven role of sleep quality in promoting health, the treatment of insomnia should be premised on identification of characteristics and severity of insomnia symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) in improving sleep quality and reducing insomnia severity among the afflicted patients.
Methods: This was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design and control group. The statistical population included all patients visiting the Sleep Disorder Clinic of Rasoul Akram Hospital and two private psychiatric clinics, selected using convenience sampling in Tehran in 2020. Twenty out of 60 patients with insomnia disorder, diagnosed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Insomnia, were randomly selected using a lottery method. The participants were divided into the experimental and control groups. In the cognitive-behavioral group, each participant individually received a 6-week treatment intervention. All participants in both groups were evaluated at the beginning of the treatment, at the end of the treatment, and one month after the treatment. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were used for data collection.
Results: The results showed a significant between-group difference in the scores of sleep quality and insomnia severity at post-test stage (p<0.05). Moreover, the follow-up test results suggested the stability of the effect of treatment interventions on sleep quality and insomnia severity among the experimental and control groups relative to their pre-test scores (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results indicated that CBT-I could improve sleep quality and insomnia severity in afflicted patients.
Analysis of Human Factors Influencing Error Occurrence Using RCA And HFACS-OGI in a Gas Company
Authors: Boroun Sara , Gholamnia Reza , Jabari Musa 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Human factors are central and vital issues in different working environments, including industries. The operational processes of a gas company are among the processes in which several accidents have occurred. Accidents are of the most important causes of direct and indirect costs to the industry, so it is necessary to identify the human factors which have the greatest effect on the occurrence of errors regarding accidents, recognize them, and adopt control and preventive strategies to prevent them from happening again. Accordingly, the study of human factors affecting error occurrence is of great importance in industry. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the human factors affecting the occurrence of errors in the operational processes of the gas companies.
Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a gas company. Statistics and documents of the accidents from a 10-year period in the gas company were received from the HSE (Health and Safety Executive) of this center, and examined and analyzed through the methods of human factor analysis and system classification for the oil and gas industry (HFACS-OGI) and root cause analysis (RCA).
Results: The results of applying HFACS-OGI method showed that in level one, error section, subgroup of "perceptual error" ; in level two, subgroup of "human resource management"; in level three, "inadequate supervision"; in level 4, "safety culture" section ;and at level 5, the "legal framework" had the highest percentage. Through the RCA method, the highest frequency was for defects related to work requirements and the lowest frequency was related to disqualification.
Conclusion: Human factors affecting the occurrence of error include cognitive and behavioral characteristics of employees, defects in the operational processes of safety management system, inadequate and proper supervision, lack of/deficiency in training and the employees' practical experience, non-compliance with general safety principles, lack of/deficiency in implementation of control measures regarding the management of the risks approved by the organization , the lack of/defect in the optimal implementation of human resource management, which can be reduced by improving the performance indicators, executive procedures, proper planning, providing monitoring courses ,and proper supervision .Finally, it was found that HFACS-OGI and RCA methods can be used in similar working environments due to their consistency in presenting the results.
Hepatitis B and C virus reactivations under biologic treatments in patients with rheumatic diseases: long-term results from a single-center
Authors: COSKUN Belkis Nihan , YAĞIZ Burcu , ÖZBOZ Ezgi Sezen , TUFAN Ayşe Nur , ERMURAT Selime , PEHLİVAN Yavuz , DALKILIÇ Hüseyin Ediz 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: To find out the effects and prevalence of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and anti-TNF agents on hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients with rheumatic diseases (RD).
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 1,548 RD patients. Patients’ medical records regarding immunological profiles, clinical courses, and outcomes, were obtained. In this research, the patient used conventional DMARDs (cDMARDs) and biological DMARDs (bDMARDs). A drug exposure was considered when a patient was administered GC, cDMARDs, or bDMARDs for &gt; 4 weeks. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and bilirubin were measured. HBsAg, HBV DNA assay, anti-HCV and HIV were identified.
Results: HBsAg was positive in 19 (37.3%) patients. Anti-HBs in 5 (9.8%) patients and anti-HBc IgG in 35 (68.6%) patients were positive. All patients with HBsAg positivity were receiving antiviral prophylaxis. Anti-HCV was positive in 25.5% (n = 13) of individuals . There was not any reactivation among the patients. No HBV reactivation was observed.
Conclusions: Screening before treatment and give prophylaxis to patients who have occult hepatitis or hepatitis B, may be an important factor in the absence of reactivation. Hepatitis screening should be performed in all patients prior to biological treatment is initiated.
The Debate Strategy And Its Contribution To The Arabic Learner’s Competence/ استراتيجيّة المناظرة و اسهامها على كفاءة المتعلّم اللغة العربية
Authors: Fikri Shofil , Machmudah Umi , Halimi Halimi , Ibrahim Faisal Mahmoud Adam 
Published: January 2022

This research is based on a lack of confidence in the success achieved by language learners in the Arab debate competition at the ASEAN level at the Islamic Science University of Malaysia 2018. Language learners in the Arab debate competition at the international level in Doha - Qatar 2018 because not everyone can master debate easily and quickly. It needs To a unique strategy, numerous practices. Therefore, this study aims to: 1) Describe the strategies used by the successful learners in a debate competition. 2) Enhancing the contribution of debate learning to the competence of the learner. In this study, the researcher used the qualitative approach and the case study. This study concludes from the following results: First, the strategies of successful learners in the debate competition are of two types, 1) Debate learning strategy in the form of a Strategy Inventory for Language Learning, 2) Debate strategy, which is: (1) an organization strategy, (2) a rebuilding strategy,) 3) a strategy for clarification and detail, (4) a strategy for communication, (5) an argument strategy, (6) a strategy for working within groups. Second, learning to debate has contributed to improving the learner's three competencies (linguistic, communicative, and cultural competency) faster simultaneously, with two main aspects: 1) acquiring materials, 2) presenting the speech
PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN FATIGUE MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN WITH CANCER: A LITERATURE STUDY [LATIHAN FISIK DALAM PENGELOLAAN FATIGUE ANAK YANG MENGALAMI KANKER: SEBUAH KAJIAN LITERATUR]
Authors: Kartika Lia 
Published: January 2022

<p><em>Fatigue is a symptom that arises from cancer and as a result of chemotherapy treatment. This subjective feeling is difficult to explore because of the children's limitations to express their feelings. Continuous fatigue will affect the growth and development of children, so that adequate anticipation is needed to manage fatigue. This literature review aimed to explore articles about physical exercise as the part of fatigue management. The searching process involved two databases; the e-resources page of the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia and Google Scholar in the 2011-2018 period. Keywords used in literature search include children, physiology related to cancer, physical exercise, exercise, children, cancer related fatigue, physical activity, exercise. 243 articles obtained and through selection process, 5 articles were found that were in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thematic analysis revealed four themes: the effectiveness of physical exercise, the characteristics of physical exercise, the extra benefits of physical exercise, and the biological effects of physical exercise. The recommendation from this literature review is to conduct research to identify the factors that influence the effectiveness of physical exercise in managing symptoms of fatigue in children with cancer.</em></p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK</strong><em> Fatigue</em> merupakan gejala yang muncul dari penyakit kanker dan sebagai dampak dari pengobatan kemoterapi. Perasaan subyektif ini sulit digali karena keterbatasan anak mengungkapkan perasaannya. <em>Fatigue</em> yang berkelanjutan akan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, sehingga diperlukan antisipasi yang adekuat untuk mengelola fatigue. Kajian literatur ini bertujuan untuk menggali artikel tentang latihan fisik dalam pengelolaan <em>fatigue</em>. Penelusuran melibatkan dua pangkalan data yaitu laman <em>e-resources</em> Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia dan Google Cendekia dalam rentang waktu 2011-2018. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian literatur meliputi anak, fatigue yang berhubungan dengan kanker, latihan fisik, olahraga, <em>children</em>, <em>cancer related fatigue</em>, <em>physical activity</em>, <em>exercise</em>. Dari 243 artikel yang diperoleh, didapatkan 5 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis tematik memunculkan empat tema, yaitu: efektifitas latihan fisik, karakteristik latihan fisik, manfaat ekstra latihan fisik, dan efek biologis latihan fisik. Rekomendasi dari kajan literatur ini adalah dilakukannya penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keefektifan latihan fisik dalam pengelolaan gejala kelelahan anak dengan kanker.</p><p> </p>