bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vonoprazan non‐inferior to lansoprazole in treating duodenal ulcer and eradicating Helicobacter pylori in Asian patients
Authors: Hou Xiaohua , Meng Fandong , Wang Jiangbin , Sha Weihong , Chiu Cheng‐Tang , Chung Woo Chul , Gu Liqun , Kudou Kentarou , Chong Chui Fung , Zhang Shutian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and AimDuodenal ulcers, especially caused by increasingly drug‐resistant Helicobacter pylori, are a concern in Asia. We compared oral vonoprazan versus lansoprazole for efficacy (healing duodenal ulcers) and safety in non‐Japanese Asian patients.MethodsIn this phase 3, randomized (1:1), double‐blind, double‐dummy, parallel‐group, non‐inferiority study (April 5, 2017, to July 19, 2019), patients with ≥ 1 endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulcer, at 52 hospitals (China, South Korea, and Taiwan), received vonoprazan 20 mg once daily (QD) or lansoprazole 30 mg QD for 6 weeks maximum. Patients with H. pylori received bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy including vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily (BID) or lansoprazole 30 mg BID, for 2 weeks, followed by vonoprazan or lansoprazole monotherapy QD (4 weeks maximum). Endpoints were endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulcer healing (Week 4/6; primary) and H. pylori eradication (4 weeks post‐treatment; secondary); non‐inferiority margins were −6% and −10%, using a two‐sided 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsOf 533 enrolled patients, one was lost to follow‐up and one withdrew (full analysis set: 531 patients [vonoprazan, n = 263; lansoprazole, n = 268]; 85.4% = H. pylori positive). Vonoprazan was non‐inferior to lansoprazole for duodenal ulcer healing (96.9% vs 96.5%; difference 0.4% [95% CI −3.00, 3.79]). H. pylori eradication rates were 91.5% (vonoprazan) and 86.8% (lansoprazole; difference 4.7% [95% CI −1.28, 10.69]). Vonoprazan and lansoprazole were well tolerated, with similar safety profiles, no new safety signals; no deaths occurred.ConclusionsVonoprazan was well tolerated and non‐inferior to lansoprazole for duodenal ulcer healing and achieved H. pylori eradication above the clinically meaningful threshold (90%), in non‐Japanese Asian patients.
Communication experiences of tracheostomy patients with nurses in the ICU: A scoping review
Authors: Tolotti Angela , Cadorin Lucia , Bonetti Loris , Valcarenghi Dario , Pagnucci Nicola 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe quality of care for tracheostomy and mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units (ICUs) has improved considerably. However, the communication barrier attributable to these procedures generates many problems for patients, as they are unable to communicate effectively with family members and ICU healthcare professionals, especially nurses.AimsTo describe (1) tracheostomy patients’ needs, emotions and difficulties when communicating with ICU nurses and (2) which strategies nurses and patients have adopted to improve their communication.MethodsA scoping review was completed using the Joanna Briggs Institute method and following the PRISMA‐ScR Checklist. The research question was developed using the Population, Concept and Context framework. Five databases were searched. After screening, two researchers independently analysed the 75 papers, and finally, 19 studies were included in this review.ResultsAll studies used a qualitative design. Seven adopted a phenomenological and two a hermeneutic approach, involving a total of 265 patients. Two main themes and four subthemes were identified: (1) the tracheostomy patients’ needs, emotions and difficulties communicating with ICU nurses (patients’ emotions, communication needs, and their content and difficulties) and (2) strategies that nurses and patients adopted to improve communication (communication strategies).ConclusionsIt is essential to develop effective communication with tracheostomy patients to ensure they feel relieved, safe and considered. Communication content should focus on information relating to the person's personal condition and active involvement in care.Relevance to clinical practiceIt is important to prioritise the communication process in tracheostomised patients and create the organisational conditions that foster effective communication processes. Developing training programmes for new or practising nurses is essential to instil greater awareness about this crucial fundamental need.
Retention of Different Attachment Systems for Digitally Designed Mandibular Implant Overdenture
Authors: Abdelaziz Medhat Sameh , Fawzy Aya Mohamed , Ghali Rami Maher , Nassar Hossam I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposePrimary retention and gradual loss of retention of different attachment systems are important key factors in proper attachment selection; however, studies on attachment retention show a wide range of retention values concerning the same attachment system. This in vitro study uses a novel approach that utilizes a digitally designed and 3D‐printed reinforced overdenture, which has a digitally determined geometric center, in order to standardize results for future research and clinical work. This study aims to evaluate initial retention along with the gradual loss of retention at different time intervals between three types of stud attachments, retaining a digitally designed, reinforced mandibular overdenture after 5475 cycles simulating 5 years of attachment usage.Materials and MethodsAn epoxy model of an ACP Class I (American College of Prosthodontists) edentulous mandible was constructed. A fully computer‐designed surgical guide was employed after virtual denture design to place two implants according to prosthetically driven implant placement protocol. A metal meshwork with tissue stops was designed digitally to reinforce the denture and to carry the geometric center. The meshwork was incorporated into the denture‐intaglio surface, which was planned for attachment pickup. Forty‐eight digitally designed and metal‐reinforced 3D‐printed dentures were divided into four groups (12 dentures for each group). Loss of retention was measured to compare two novel Locator attachments (12 pairs of Locator R‐TX, 12 pairs of Locator F‐TX medium and low retention, with 12 pairs of ball and socket). Each group was subjected to an insertion and removal fatigue test resembling 5 years of patient usage. Retention values were recorded using a universal testing machine.ResultsLocator F‐TX medium and low retention showed loss of retention by 91.93% and 92.91%, after fatigue testing equivalent to 2 and 3 years of use, respectively. Ball and socket and Locator R‐TX showed loss of retention by 19.87% and 26.31%, respectively, after fatigue testing equivalent to 5 years of use.ConclusionsLocator R‐TX attachment systems showed promising retention for implant overdentures compared to ball and socket attachments. The proposed digital technique of denture reinforcement is capable of standardizing results for research and clinical work.
Rare cases of vesicouterine fistula
Authors: Rahmita Maulidina Medika , Rodjani Arry , Wahyudi Irfan , Widia Fina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCaseVesicouterine fistula (VUF) is the rarest form of genitourinary fistulas. As lower‐segment cesarean section becomes a more common mode of delivery, they have become the leading cause of VUF formation. We present four VUF patients with varied symptoms such as menouria, amenorrhea, with or without urinary incontinence. We diagnosed all of our cases through cystoscopy in conjunction with methylene blue dye test or hysteroscopy.OutcomeWe successfully repaired VUF in three open surgery instances and one laparoscopic case. To diagnose VUF, cystoscopy and hysteroscopy are still the gold standard. An expert surgeon's open or laparoscopic repair is effective and safe. The patients no longer experienced incontinence, cyclical hematuria (menouria), discomfort, or sexual dysfunction.ConclusionCystoscopy and hysteroscopy remain the gold standard tool in diagnosing VUF. Open or laparoscopic repair performed by an experienced surgeon is an effective and safe technique with a successful outcome.
Risk factors for self‐reported insufficient milk during the first 6 months of life: A systematic review
Authors: Segura‐Pérez Sofia , Richter Linda , Rhodes Elizabeth C. , Hromi‐Fiedler Amber , Vilar‐Compte Mireya , Adnew Misikir , Nyhan Kate , Pérez‐Escamilla Rafael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe objective of this systematic review was to identify multifactorial risk factors for self‐reported insufficient milk (SRIM) and delayed onset of lactation (DOL). The review protocol was registered a priori in PROSPERO (ID# CDR42021240413). Of the 120 studies included (98 on SRIM, 18 on DOL, and 4 both), 37 (31%) studies were conducted in North America, followed by 26 (21.6%) in Europe, 25 (21%) in East Asia, and Pacific, 15 (12.5%) in Latin America and the Caribbean, 7 (6%) in the Middle East and North Africa, 5 (4%) in South Asia, 3 (2.5%) in Sub‐Saharan Africa, and 2 (1.7%) included multiple countries. A total of 79 studies were from high‐income countries, 30 from upper‐middle‐income, 10 from low‐middle‐income countries, and one study was conducted in a high‐income and an upper‐middle‐income country. Findings indicated that DOL increased the risk of SRIM. Protective factors identified for DOL and SRIM were hospital practices, such as timely breastfeeding (BF) initiation, avoiding in‐hospital commercial milk formula supplementation, and BF counselling/support. By contrast, maternal overweight/obesity, caesarean section, and poor maternal physical and mental health were risk factors for DOL and SRIM. SRIM was associated with primiparity, the mother's interpretation of the baby's fussiness or crying, and low maternal BF self‐efficacy. Biomedical factors including epidural anaesthesia and prolonged stage II labour were associated with DOL. Thus, to protect against SRIM and DOL it is key to prevent unnecessary caesarean sections, implement the Baby‐Friendly Ten Steps at maternity facilities, and provide BF counselling that includes baby behaviours.
Posterior INFIX for Treating Unilateral Unstable Sacral Fractures
Authors: Qi Haotian , Geng Xin , Yu Xiaokun , Chen Wenhuan , Jia Jian , Tian Wei 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical outcomes of the treatment of unilateral unstable sacral fractures by fixation with the posterior INFIX (posterior pelvic ring screw‐rod internal fxation).MethodsData of 60 patients with unilateral unstable sacral fractures who underwent surgery from March 2013 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed according to the selection criteria. All patients were associated with anterior pelvic ring injuries, and the operations were performed by the same team of surgeons. According to the different types of internal fixation, the patients were divided into two groups, which both included 30 patients: the posterior INFIX group and iliosacral screw fixation group. The demographic and clinical data of the two patient groups, such as age, sex, sacral fracture types based on the Denis classification, operation time, amount of intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative fluoros copy time, Majeed pelvic score at final follow‐up, and quality of fracture reduction based on Mears and Velyvis's imaging classification criteria were collected by the same researcher and compared statistically.ResultsAll patients were continuously followed up for 23.17 ± 3.34 months (range, 12 to 46 months). All sacral fractures healed with an average healing time of 9.3 ± 2.24 months (range, 6 to 18 months). None of the patients had re‐displacement of the fracture or fixation failure. Compared to the iliosacral screw group, the posterior INFIX group patients had more intraoperative bleeding (t = 3.59, P < 0.001), shorter operation time (t = 4.49, P < 0.001), and shorter intraoperative fluoroscopy time (t = 6.26, P < 0.001). There were no statistical differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, fracture type, Majeed score, and quality of fracture reduction (P > 0.05). In the posterior INFIX group, one patient had a superficial wound infection and one patient complained of discomfort due to a prominent fixation. In the iliosacral screw fixation group, one patient had intraoperative iatrogenic S1 nerve injury and vessel injury. The posterior INFIX fixation was a simpler manipulation with higher safety, shorter time of operation and intraoperative fluoroscopy, and similar clinical outcomes compared to iliosacral screw fixation.ConclusionFor the treatment of unilateral unstable sacral fractures, the posterior INFIX fixation can be recommended in clinic application.
Identification of the rice genes and metabolites involved in dual resistance against brown planthopper and rice blast fungus
Authors: Chen Su , Sun Bo , Shi Zhenying , Miao Xuexia , Li Haichao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBrown planthopper (BPH) and blast disease jointly or individually cause big yield losses every year. To identify genes and metabolites with potential contributions to the dual resistance against both biotic‐stress factors, we carried out a transcriptome and metabolome analysis for susceptible and resistant rice varieties after BPH and rice blast infestations. Coexpression network analysis identified a modular pattern that had the highest correlation coefficients (0.81) after the BPH and rice blast (−0.81) treatments. In total, 134 phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway‐related genes were detected in this group. We found that the flavanone 3‐hydroxylase gene (OsF3H) had opposite expression trends in response to BPH and rice blast infestations whereas the OsF3′H had similar expression patterns. Genetics analysis confirmed that the OsF3H gene knockdown lines demonstrated the opposite resistance phenotypes against BPH and rice blast, whereas the OsF3′H knockout lines enhanced rice resistance against both pests. Consistently, our metabolomics analysis identified the metabolite eriodictyol, one putative essential product of these two genes, that was more highly accumulated in the resistant rice variety of RHT than in the susceptible variety MDJ. This study highlights a useful strategy for identifying more genes and metabolites that have potential synergistic effects on rice against to multiple biotic stresses.
Using a Responsive Survey Design to Innovate Self-Administered Mixed-Mode Surveys
Authors: Gummer Tobias , Christmann Pablo , Verhoeven Sascha , Wolf Christof 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Implementing innovations in surveys often results in uncertainty concerning how different design decisions will affect key performance indicators such as response rates, nonresponse bias, or survey costs. Thus, responsive survey designs have been developed to better cope with such situations. In the present study, we propose a responsive survey design that relies on experimentation in the earlier phases of the survey to decide between different design choices of which—prior to data collection—their impact on performance indicators is uncertain. We applied this design to the European Values Study 2017/2018 in Germany that advanced its general social survey-type design away from the traditional face-to-face mode to self-administered modes. These design changes resulted in uncertainty as to how different incentive strategies and mode choice sequences would affect response rates, nonresponse bias, and survey costs. We illustrate the application and operation of the proposed responsive survey design, as well as an efficiency issue that accompanies it. We also compare the performance of the responsive survey design to a traditional survey design that would have kept all design characteristics static during the field period.
Yersinia enterocolitica in wild and peridomestic rodents within Great Britain, a prevalence study
Authors: Arden Kurt , Gedye Kristene , Angelin‐Bonnet Olivia , Murphy Ellen , Antic Dragan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractYersinia enterocolitica is a human pathogen transmitted via the faecal–oral route among animals and humans and is a major foodborne public health hazard. This study explores the role of Y. enterocolitica transmission at the livestock–wildlife interface and investigates the potential role wild and peridomestic rodents play as a source of this zoonotic pathogen. The total of 342 faecal samples collected from the seven rodent species and one insectivore was examined using an optimized protocol to culture and identify Y. enterocolitica. Positive samples were also bioserotyped for grouping and determination of sample pathogenicity. Wildlife species sampled in this study were separated into two sample groups: randomly sampled (brown rats, house mice, wood mice, bank voles, field voles and the common shrew), as well as targeted sampling (red and grey squirrels). The overall prevalence of Y. enterocolitica in the randomly sampled population was 3.73%. Brown rats were chosen as sentinel species and tested to determine if location (pig farm vs non‐pig farm) was a significant factor affecting Y. enterocolitica prevalence. In this study, location was not significant. All positive samples were found to be of biotype 1A, deemed non‐pathogenic. Three of the samples were serotype 09, six were serotype 27 and five had an unidentifiable serotype. This study represents the first time Y. enterocolitica has been identified in these species of wildlife within mainland Britain. In addition, this study's findings are entirely novel and overall with regard to field voles and common shrews. However, the role of wild and peridomestic rodents in the transmission of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica remains unknown, as this study was unable to detect the presence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains in these species.
Antithrombotic therapies for neurointerventional surgery: a 2021 French comprehensive national survey
Authors: Caroff Jildaz , Aubert Laurent , Lavenu-Bombled Cécile , Figueiredo Samy , Habchi Kamelia , Cortese Jonathan , Eugene Francois , Ognard Julien , Tahon Florence , Forestier Géraud , Ifergan Heloise , Zhu François , Hak Jean-Francois , Reyre Anthony , Laubacher Morgane , Traore Abdoulaye , Desilles Jean Philippe , Derraz Imad , Moreno Ricardo , Bintner Marc , Charbonnier Guillaume , Le Bras Anthony , Veunac Louis , Gariel Florent , Redjem Hocine , Sedat Jacques , Tessier Guillaume , Dumas Victor , Gauberti Maxime , Chivot Cyril , Consoli Arturo , Bricout Nicolas , Tuilier Titien , Guedon Alexis , Pop Raoul , Thouant Pierre , Bellanger Guillaume , Zannoni Riccardo , Soize Sebastien , Richter Johann Sebastian , Heck Olivier , Mihalea Cristian , Burel Julien , Girot Jean-Baptiste , Shotar Eimad , Gazzola Sebastian , Boulouis Gregoire , Kerleroux Basile 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundNeurointerventionists lack guidelines for the use of antithrombotic therapies in their clinical practice; consequently, there is likely to be significant heterogeneity in antithrombotic use between centers. Through a nationwide survey, we aimed to obtain an exhaustive cross-sectional overview of antithrombotic use in neurointerventional procedures in France.MethodsIn April 2021, French neurointerventional surgery centers were invited to participate in a nationwide 51-question survey disseminated through an active trainee-led research collaborative network (the JENI-RC).ResultsAll 40 centers answered the survey. Fifty-one percent of centers reported using ticagrelor and 43% used clopidogrel as premedication before intracranial stenting. For flow diversion treatment, dual antiplatelet therapy was maintained for 3 or 6 months in 39% and 53% of centers, respectively, and aspirin was prescribed for 12 months or more than 12 months in 63% and 26% of centers, respectively. For unruptured aneurysms, the most common heparin bolus dose was 50 IU/kg (59%), and only 35% of centers monitored heparin activity for dose adjustment. Tirofiban was used in 64% of centers to treat thromboembolic complications. Fifteen percent of these comprehensive stroke centers reported using tenecteplase to treat acute ischemic strokes. Cangrelor appeared as an emergent drug in specific indications.ConclusionThis nationwide survey highlights the important heterogeneity in clinical practices across centers. There is a pressing need for trials and guidelines to further evaluate and harmonize antithrombotic regimens in the neurointerventional field.
Non-porous thrombi are less pervious and easier to be retrieved: implication from scanning electron microscopy study
Authors: He Yaode , Xu Jinjin , Zhong Wansi , Chen Zhicai , Zhou Ying , Li Jiaping , Luo Zhongyu , Lou Min 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundScanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies found that the porosity of thrombi might vary among individuals. However, its relationship with the clinical presentation and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) remains unknown. We aimed to characterize the ultrastructure of thrombi and explore its association with the complexity of MT and clot perviousness.MethodsSEM was used to observe the morphological features of different components of thrombi obtained from patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion undergoing MT and to determine the porosity of thrombi by semi-quantitative analysis. Non-porous thrombi were defined as thrombi with porosity <2%. Clot perviousness was also evaluated using thrombus attenuation increase on CT perfusion (TAIctp). We assessed the complexity of MT by attempts of retrieval >3 and procedural duration >60 min, defined as the time interval between groin puncture and recanalization.ResultsA total of 49 thrombi were analyzed and 31 (63.3%) were classified as non-porous thrombi. The presence of non-porous thrombi was negatively associated with procedure >60 min (OR 0.152, 95% CI 0.031 to 0.734, p=0.019) and attempts >3 (OR 0.194, 95% CI 0.046 to 0.822, p=0.026) after adjustment. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that TAIctp<17.9 Hounsfield units could predict the presence of non-porous thrombi with an area under the curve of 0.915.ConclusionsNon-porous thrombi on SEM are easier to be retrieved during MT and could be identified as less pervious clots on CT images.
A step towards meeting battery raw material demand: the geology and exploration of graphite deposits, examples from northern Norway
Authors: Gautneb Håvard , Rønning Jan Steinar , Larsen Bjørn Eskil 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In northern Norway, we have identified more than 40 occurrences of graphite through airborne geophysical surveys and follow-up fieldwork. Out of these, 29 have been investigated in detail using ground-based geophysical methods. For 21 of these occurrences, in combination with surface sampling, it is possible to estimate approximately the grade and tonnage of graphite. The graphite deposits are concentrated in two areas: the island of Senja and the Lofoten–Vesterålen islands. The aggregated tonnage and average graphite grade are 8.1 Mt and 12.6% graphite, respectively. Data collected from 17 international deposits show similar averages of 30.7 Mt and 10.8% graphite. Thus, the Norwegian deposits show a similar span in tonnage and grade and are most likely typical for graphite deposits worldwide. Similarly, and common elsewhere, the Norwegian graphite deposits in a succession of high metamorphic grade supracrustal rocks, comprising meta-arenites, carbonates and garnet- and pyroxene-bearing gneisses of variable composition. In parts, this succession is migmatized. Two bench-scale ore-dressing trials show that the graphite can be upgraded to market quality. Our work demonstrates a successful approach for locating and evaluating graphite deposits by combining nearly all the methods used in economic geology investigations.