bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Frost Self Organizing Map Segmentation Based Gradient Boost Classification for Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Kurian Simy Mary , Juliet Sujitha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The infected area identification in brain tumor MRI images are significant task since the brain tumor is a serious disease, arises due to irregular increase of cells in brain. Early tumor detection makes the patients to recover life. A novel technique called Enhanced Frost Preprocessed Kohonen Self Organizing Map Segmentation based Intensified Gradient Boosting Classification (EFPKSOMS-IGBC) technique is introduced for accurate brain tumor detection with higher accuracy and lesser time consumption. The EFPKSOMS-IGBC technique consists of three steps namely preprocessing, segmentation and ensemble classification. In this technique, Enhanced Frost Filter removes the noisy artifacts in input MRI image and provides higher PSNR ratio. After preprocessing, the Kohonen Self Organizing Map Segmentation process segments the input preprocessed image for extracting features like texture, color, shape, and intensity. In the third step, an Intensified Gradient Boosting Classification is performed to categorize MRI images as normal or tumor based on extracted features. Intensified Gradient Boosting is an ensemble technique that uses the set of weak learners for classifying the MRI image into different groups. The outputs of weak classifiers are combined to attain strong classification outcomes for tumor detection with greater accuracy. Qualitative and quantitative results analysis show that the EFPKSOMS-IGBC technique provides superior performance in brain tumor detection.
Molecular Study of Lactobacilli Species in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: El-Sabbagh Amr Mohamed , Zaki Maysaa El Sayed , Motawea Mohamad Mohsen , Alkasaby Nashwa M. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies due to disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. Egypt is among the top 10 countries with a high prevalence of T2DM (15.56% of adults). There are studies that show a link between the diversity of the gut microbiota and the development of T2DM. There are species of Lactobacilli that inhabit the gut that might differ in patients with T2DM compared to healthy subjects.

Objective:
The aim of the present research is to study the presence of Lactobacilli species in gut microbiota by multiplex PCR in patients with T2DM compared to healthy controls as a preliminary approach to open the way for future treatment with the help of probiotics or diet modulation.

Methods:
A retrograde case-control study was conducted on 79 patients with T2DM and 100 healthy controls cross-matched with age and sex. All patients were subjected to full clinical examination and laboratory tests, including identification of stool Lactobacillus species by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results:
Certain species of L. acidophilus, and L. rhamnosus were found to be significantly increased in patients with T2DM (67.1%, 50.6% respectively) compared to control subjects (35%, P=0.001, OR 3.8, 95% CI:2.1-7.1, 25%, P=0.001, OR 3.1, 95% CI:1.64-5.8 respectively). Other species as determined by multiplex PCR, namely, L. gasseri, (70%, P=0.001, OR 0.16, 95% CI: 0.1-0.3), L. reuteri (74%, P=0.001, OR 0.28, 95% CI: 0.5-0.53), and L. plantarum (69%, P=0.003, OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.073-0.22) were significantly higher in prevalence in control compared to patients with T2DM.

Conclusion:
The present study highlights the significant prevalence of certain species of Lactobacilli in gut as determined by multiplex PCR, namely L. gasseri, L. reuteri and L. plantarum in controls compared to patients with T2DM. These species may have a role in the reduction of certain risk factors associated with the development of T2DM. Moreover, certain species of L. acidophilus, L. delbrueckii and L. rhamnosus were significantly increased in prevalence in patients with T2DM. The findings of this preliminary study need further verification by a larger longitudinal study.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare resource utilization across selected disease areas in the USA
Authors: Engelbrecht Kayla , Roy Srinjoy , Capkun Gorana , Kahler Kristijan , Olson Melvin 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on US healthcare resource utilization.
Methods:
Optum claims data were used to compare all-cause healthcare visits and healthcare spending for selected diseases between the prepandemic and pandemic periods. Telemedicine use was only assessed for the pandemic period owing to data availability.
Results:
During the first wave of the pandemic, all-cause healthcare visits across all selected disease areas displayed a rapid decline compared with the prepandemic period, followed by a period of recovery. A reduction in outpatient and home healthcare spending was observed, whereas inpatient and prescription spending increased.
Conclusion:
Changes in healthcare resource utilization trends were observed during the pandemic. The magnitude of these changes can inform subsequent studies that utilize COVID-19-era data.
Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan Pertambangan Batubara Melalui Program Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Rahayu Sari , Yetniwati Yetniwati 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to identify and analyze the implementation of social responsibility and the constraints faced by coal mining companies through community development and empowerment programs at PT. Jambi Prima Coal. As for the formulation of the problem to be discussed in this study, namely : (1) How is the implementation of social responsibility for coal mining companies through community development and empowerment programs at PT. Jambi Prima Coal?. (2) What are the obstacles faced in implementing the social responsibility of coal mining companies through the community empowerment development program at PT. Jambi Prima Coal?. The research method used in this research is juridical empirical. From the research results it can be concluded that: (1) The implementation of social responsibility for coal mining companies through development and empowerment programs by PT Jambi Prima Coal has not been implemented properly, resulting in the budget as contained in the RKAB is not properly absorbed. (2) The obstacles faced occur due to lack of communication from various parties, including: PT. Jambi Prima Coal, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, and the community. The settlement efforts made by PT. Jambi Prima Coal, namely through the need assessment to the local community.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial serta kendala-kendala yang dihadapi perusahaan pertambangan batubara melalui program pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat di PT. Jambi Prima Coal. Adapun rumusan masalah yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Bagaimana pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan pertambangan batubara melalui program pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat di PT. Jambi Prima Coal ?, (2) Apa kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan pertambangan batubara melalui program pengembangan pemberdayaan masyarakat di PT. Jambi Prima Coal ?. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris. Dari hasil penelitian dapat dikemukakan bahwa: (1) Kelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan pertambangan batubara melalui program pengembangan dan pemberdayaan oleh PT Jambi Prima Coal belum terlaksana sebagaimana mestinya, sehingga mengakibatkan anggaran biaya sebagaimana termuat dalam RKAB tidak terserap dengan baik.(2) Kendala yang dihadapi terjadi karena kurangnya komunikasi dari berbagai pihak, diantaranya: PT. Jambi Prima Coal, Kementerian ESDM, dan masyarakat. Adapun upaya penyelesaian yang dilakukan oleh PT. Jambi Prima Coal yaitu melalui need assesment (analisis kebutuhan) kepada masyarakat setempat.
The trend for transplant medicine development: induction of immune tolerance or regulation of immune response?
Authors: Kildyushevsky A. V. , Moysyuk Ya. G. , Mitina T. A. , Kofiadi I. A. , Chuksina Yu. Yu. 
Published: June 2022

One of the greatest medical advances of the last century has been the introduction of organ transplantation. However, despite the considerable potential of transplantation as often the only therapy for severe diseases, the toxicity of immunosuppressive drugs supporting the transplant remains a serious problem for its further development. Modification of immune response in order to form tolerance to the transplanted organ can play an important role on the way to minimize immunosuppression. Successful cases of withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs for medical reasons in kidney and liver transplantation recorded in the literature, as well as the results obtained in the process of modeling such a situation in the experiment, prove that achieving tolerance in organ transplantation is fundamentally possible.The aim of this review is to investigate the ways of immunologic suppression and fundamental mechanisms of immunologic tolerance in the field of transplantation and to review the latest clinical achievements in this respect.The review describes various approaches to the induction of central tolerance in solid organ transplantation implemented in the framework of the original clinical protocols. Special attention is given to a new direction in transplantation medicine – cell technologies providing tolerogenic effect by means of peripheral mechanisms activation, in particular due to activation of suppressor function of regulatory T cells.We draw the attention to the advantages and disadvantages of these two trends. Which of them is preferable? In which direction will scientific thought be developed for realization of the long-term goal of transplantologists: to avoid allograft rejection without affecting the physiological homeostasis of the body? Possible answers to these questions are discussed in this review.
Cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: clinical significance and definitions
Authors: Dmitrova A. A. , Drokov M. Yu. , Tupoleva T. A. , Savchenko V. G. 
Published: June 2022

Cytomegalovirus infection is one of the critical and life-threatening infectious complications in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The most significant risk factors for the development of cytomegalovirus infection are cytomegalovirus serostatus of the donor and recipient and delayed reconstitution of cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation.The infection may be asymptomatic or may lead to serious complications such as cytomegalovirus disease, which happens in 10-40% of cases. Cytomegalovirus infection has different impact on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. For instance, acute and chronic graft versus host disease may also be the risk factors for the development of cytomegalovirus infection. There is also information about the influence of cytomegalovirus infection on a graft failure. We also know that cytomegalovirus replication is associated with lower relapse risk in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia.Antiviral prophylaxis and preemptive therapy are good strategies to reduce the risk of the cytomegalovirus infection. Despite this, cytomegalovirus infection is still associated with decreased overall survival and increased non-relapse mortality in recipients of allogeneic stem cells.The aim of this review is to systematize modern concepts used in the management and treatment of cytomegalovirus infections in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Redefining Standard Measurement Uncertainty
Authors: Possolo Antonio , Bodnar Olha 
Published: June 2022

The Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) defines standard measurement uncertainty as the standard deviation of a probability distribution that describes the uncertainty associated with an estimate of the measurand, and defines expanded uncertainty as a multiple of the standard uncertainty. Monte Carlo methods can produce the expanded uncertainty for 95 % coverage as one half of the length of the interval whose endpoints are the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of the probability distribution of the estimate of the measurand (when this distribution is approximately symmetrical). This creates an opportunity for a paradox to arise: that the standard uncertainty, defined as a standard deviation, can be larger than the expanded uncertainty. We provide an example involving real measurement data where this paradox arises with high probability, and then offer a new definition of standard uncertainty that agrees numerically with the conventional definition in “normal” cases, but that is still reliable in “abnormal” cases.
The Address Terms Based on Kinship System of Malay Found in Kabupaten Sarolangun Jambi
Authors: Istiqomah Putri , Jufrizal Jufrizal 
Published: June 2022

This research aimed to find out types of address terms based on kinship system and the differences of address terms based on culture and value based on kinship system of Malay found in Kabupaten Sarolangun Jambi. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The object of these research are17 participants with 55 recorded conversations. The data gather by interview and recording of the source conversation. These data were gather and transcript as the instrument to be analyzed about address terms found in Kabupaten Sarolangun. The research data were gained in the form of interpretations of participant recorded conversations and interviews. Based on data analysis, it was found that in Kabupaten Sarolangun, people use address in everyday life such as in conversation, meeting, letter, messages. Most people address their friends and their families are differently from those they do not know so well, and from those who are in a superior relationship to them such as the school or the boos at work. The type of address found in Kabupaten Sarolangun are : Title and Last Name (TLN), First Name (FN), Title only (T), Last Name (Last Name), Special Nickname, (SN) Special Name, and Kinship Term (KT). It also found that people in Kabupaten Sarolangu Jambi have different kinds of address based on culture ad value. Furthermore, Each of address and the difference of the usage of address in Kabupaten Sarolanun bring the relation between the speaker and the listener.
Female Voice in Novel on The Jellicoe Road (2006) by Melina Marchetta
Authors: Gusti Dilla Apri , Marlina Leni 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study is aimed to seek how far novel On The Jellicoe Road (2006) by Melina Marchetta reflected the issues of female voice. Female voice refer to the character who was doing effort to get through her bad past and become a great person in the future. The young female character had been through difficult time that her age might be cannot do it. This analysis is related to feminist theory proposed by Abrams Kathryn (1999). The used of theory was based on the interpretation in the text and context of the novel. The data was collected from the quotation in the novel. The data collection were in the form of sentences and paragraphs. This research was descriptive and content analysis study. In this research, female voice examined the novel On The Jellicoe Road. The result of the study was the character have the ability to utilize her words, longing, and wishes of heart to improve her life. The main character choose to not let people around her take control of her life. The voice also showed that the character choose to deal with her childhood trauma. The main character showed that she can grown up as strong, independent and brave. In conclusion, the main character can show the world that female can also decide what she thought best for her and her life. She choose does not want to under the control and turn her bad past into her strength.
PERSEPSI SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENGETAHUAN DASAR TEKNIK MESIN KELAS X TEKNIK MEKANIK INDUSTRI DI SMK NEGERI 1 PARIAMAN TERHADAP FILPPED CLASSROOM
Authors: Jadenis Denisa Putri , K Arwizet , Aziz Abdul , Kurniawan Andre 
Published: June 2022

Pembelajaran pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2020/2021 di SMK Negeri 1 Pariaman menggunakan metode pembelajaran flipped classroom. Penerapan metode tersebut ditemui kesulitan karena masih kurangnya motivasi, minimnya pengetahuan, respon dan perhatian siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi siswa pada mata pelajaran PDTM kelas X TMI SMK N 1 Pariaman terhadap kelas terbalik. Teknik Proportional Random Sampling digunakan dalam penelitian ini, sebanyak 41 partisipan. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X TMI 1 dan X TMI 2. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan ialah teknik analisis deskriptif yang meliputi mean, modus, media, standar deviasi, dan frekuensi relatif persentase, setelah itu dilakukan uji syarat analisis dengan uji normalitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini Flipped Classroom. Hasil penelitian tentang persepsi siswa terhadap flipped classroom pada mata pelajaran PDTM Kelas X TMI SMK N 1 Pariaman dibagi menjadi tiga kategori yaitu kategori tinggi sebanyak 22 siswa (53,7%), kategori sedang sebanyak 19 siswa (46,3%), dan kategori rendah sebanyak 0 siswa (0%). Hasil ini menunjukkan sebagian persepsi siswa kelas X Teknik Mekanik Indusri pada mata pelajaran PDTM terhadap flipped classroom mempunyai respon yang baik diperoleh kategori tinggi (53,7%), Dapat disumpulkan bahwa metode flipped classroom efektif.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA PELAJARAN GAMBAR TEKNIK KELAS X TEKNIK PEMESINAN DI SMKN 1 BATIPUH
Authors: Mulya Robby , Primawati Primawati , Refdinal Refdinal , Lapisa Remon 
Published: June 2022

Hasil observas diskusi bersama guru mata diklat Gambar Teknik di SMK Negeri 1 Batipuh, Pembelajaran di masa pandemi covid-19 dilaksanakan dengan cara daring menggunakan media google classroom. Pada mata diklat Gambar Teknik yang dilaksanakan melalui sistem daring menggunakan media google classroom, penggunaan google classroom tentunya memiliki kekurangan dan kelebihan dalam pelaksanaanya, adapun kekurangan yang dirasakan siswa keterbatasan pemahaman siswa dalam penggunaan media google classroom, kurangnnya kontrol dan motivasi belajar siswa dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan kendala jaringan yang tidak memadai disetiap daerah tempat tinggal siswa. Kendala yang dirasakan oleh guru mata pelajaran Gambar Teknik dalam proses pembelajaran jarak jauh diantaranya, materi yang tidak dapat disajikan secara detail dikarenakan keterbatasan waktu pembelajaran daring. Dengan demikian penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keefektifan penggunaan media google classroom untuk mata pelajaran Gambar Teknik di SMK Negeri 1 Batipuh. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini membandingkan hasil nilai pretes dengna posttes siswa dan penyebaran angket kusioner kepada siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunankan tes dan angket. Tes dan angket sebelum diujikan terlebih dahulu diuji cobakan kepada siswa pernah mendapatkan perlakuan yang sama yaitu kelas XI TP setelah itu baru di ujikan ke kelas X TP. Hasil dari pengujian N-Gain tes siswa didapatkan skor N-Gain sebesar 0,389 kategori sedang, dan hasil uji angket mendapatkan persentase 78,9% dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwasanya pembelajaran menggunakan media google classroom cukup efekktif digunakan pada matapelajaran Gambar Teknik di SMK Negeri 1 Batipuh.
PENGARUH SUDUT POTONG DAN KECEPATAN PUTARAN SPINDEL TERHADAP KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN BENDA KERJA BAJA KARBON EMS 45 MENGGUNAKAN MESIN BUBUT KONVENSIONAL
Authors: Rachmadi Rachmadi , A Yufrizal , Irzal Irzal , Kurniawan Andre 
Published: June 2022

Kekasaran permukaan dari proses pembubutan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya adalah kecepatan spindel dan sudut potong yang digunakan. Setiap benda kerja yang dikerjakan pada mesin perkakas tentu menghasilkan kekasaran permukaan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sudut potong kecepatan spindel terhadap kekasaran permukaan baja karbon EMS-45. Metode Eksperimen lebih cocok digunakan pada penelitian ini agar mengetahui pengaruh sudut potong dan putaran spindel terhadap kekasaran baja karbon EMS-45. Bahan yang digunakan berdiameter 25 mm dan panjang 90 mm, dengan kedalaman pemakanan sebesar 0,2 mm dengan 3 jenis sudut potong yaitu sudut 60º, 75º, dan 90º sedangkan putaran spindel yang digunakan yaitu 995 rpm, 1267 rpm dan 1459 rpm. Kekasaran permukaan diukur menggunakan surface rooughness tester. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai kekasaran permukaan terendah pada pengujian spesimen dengan spindel speed 1459 rpm dan sudut potong 90º yaitu 1,58 µm sedangkan kekasaran permukaan tertinggi diperoleh pada kecepatan spindel 995 rpm dengan dengan sudut potong 60º yaitu 2,39 1,58 µm. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sudut potong dan kecepatan spindel berpengaruh terhadap nilai kekasaran permukaan dimana semakin kecil sudut potong maka semakin kasar permukaan yang didapatkan dan semakin besar putaran spindel maka kekasaran yang didaptkan semakin kecil. Kecepatan spindel 1459 rpm dengan sudut pemotongan pahat sebesar 90˚ menghasilkan permukaan yang paling rendah yaitu Ra = 1,58 μm dengan tingkat kekasaran permukaan berada di N6 sedangkan kekasaran permukaan paling tinggi dihasilkan pada kecepatan spindel 995 rpm dengan sudut potong 60˚ yaitu 2,39 μm dengan tingkat kekasaran permukaan berada di N7.
PENGARUH BLENDED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN LAS SMAW KELAS XI DI SMK NEGERI 1 BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Ramadhan Gilang , Sari Delima Yanti , Erizon Nelvi , Rahim Bulkia 
Published: June 2022

Tingginya angka kenaikan Covid-19 sehingga metode pembelajaran secara konvensional di SMK N 1 Bukittinggi tidak dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik dan membuat pembelajaran konvensioanal ini ditiadakan terlebih dahulu, namun ada mata pelajaran yang tidak bisa dilaksanakan jikalau tidak tatap muka yaitu Teknik Pengelasan Busur Manual (SMAW) yang mana pembelajaran ini bersifat penerapan langsung, yang berakibat siswa tidak bisa aktif dan beranggapan bahwa pembelajaan ini susah untuk dicerna yang membuat rendahnya motivasi dalam pembelajaran dikarenakan menggunakan pembelajaran online. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa jauh peningkatan prestasi belajar pada pelajaran Teknik Pengelasan SMAW di kelas XI jurusan Teknik Las SMK Negeri 1 Bukittinggi setelah diterapkan metode blended learning dan penerapan blended learning mampu menaikan prestasi belajar atas pelajaran Teknik Pengelasan SMAW di kelas XI jurusan Teknik Las SMK Negeri 1 Bukittinggi setelah diterapkan metode blended learning. Tindakan kelas atau CAR (Classroom Action Research) yang dipakai pada riset ini dengan jumlah sampel 30 orang siswa yang menggunakan soal test dan dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian di dapat adanya kenaikan ketuntasan klasikal hasil belajar siklus I ke II, hasil yang didapat pada siklus I sebanyak 63% dengan 19 orang yang lulus, naik dengan baik pada siklus II menjadi 8o% dengan 24 orang lulus dari total 30 siswa. Hasil penelitian yang di dapat pada penelitian ini bisa disimpulan bahwa implementasi pembelajaran Blended Learning mampu menaikan prestasi belajar siswa.