bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifting urban mobility patterns due to COVID-19: comparative analysis of implemented urban policies and travel behaviour changes with an assessment of overall GHG emissions implications
Authors: Creutzig Felix , Lohrey Steffen , Franza Mercedes Vázquez 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
COVID-19-induced confinements rapidly change behavioural patterns and social norms of street space use worldwide. In the following study we compile data to assess shifting urban mobility during confinement (phase 1), and in reaction to COVID-19 induced physical distancing policies (phase 2). In a comparative analysis of 16 cities, we show that public transit decreased by 80% during confinement, but individual motorized transport only by 64%. Cycling modal share increased in some cities. COVID-19 and sustainability are intertwined via risks, susceptibility, and positive and negative outcomes, in particular via sustainable development goal 3 (SDG3) (health), SDG5 (gender equality), SDG11 (sustainable cities) and SDG13 (climate action). Confinement-induced social gains are realized in reduced congestion, improved air quality, and less accidents, partially compensated by unhealthy eating, and domestic violence. Our analysis reveals that cities around the world provided more space for cyclist and pedestrians as part of pandemic-related measures, pedestrianizing streets, implementing 550 km ad-hoc bicycle infrastructure and planning additional 1500 km. Our computation indicates that GHG emissions savings due to increased uptake of cycling in the EU reduced urban land transport GHG emissions by 0.3% (1 Mt CO2), while GHG emission savings were larger in cities with pop-up bicycle lanes (between 0.43% and 1.87%). Our findings also demonstrate that proactive cities had already plans in their drawers and demonstrated institutional alignment of vocal civil society, administrations and politicians. We argue that long-term sustainability trajectories of cities will depend on transformation of both physical and digital infrastructures.
Increased glutamatergic synaptic transmission during development in layer II/III mouse motor cortex pyramidal neurons
Authors: Burnsed Jennifer , Matysik Weronika , Yang Lu , Sun Huayu , Joshi Suchitra , Kapur Jaideep 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPostnatal maturation of the motor cortex is vital to developing a variety of functions, including the capacity for motor learning. The first postnatal weeks involve many neuronal and synaptic changes, which differ by region and layer, likely due to different functions and needs during development. Motor cortex layer II/III is critical to receiving and integrating inputs from somatosensory cortex and generating attentional signals that are important in motor learning and planning. Here, we examined the neuronal and synaptic changes occurring in layer II/III pyramidal neurons of the mouse motor cortex from the neonatal (postnatal day 10) to young adult (postnatal day 30) period, using a combination of electrophysiology and biochemical measures of glutamatergic receptor subunits. There are several changes between p10 and p30 in these neurons, including increased dendritic branching, neuronal excitability, glutamatergic synapse number and synaptic transmission. These changes are critical to ongoing plasticity and capacity for motor learning during development. Understanding these changes will help inform future studies examining the impact of early-life injury and experiences on motor learning and development capacity.
Top-down modulation and cortical-AMG/HPC interaction in familiar face processing
Authors: Fan Xiaoxu , Guo Qiang , Zhang Xinxin , Fei Lingxia , He Sheng , Weng Xuchu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHumans can accurately recognize familiar faces in only a few hundred milliseconds, but the underlying neural mechanism remains unclear. Here, we recorded intracranial electrophysiological signals from ventral temporal cortex (VTC), superior/middle temporal cortex (STC/MTC), medial parietal cortex (MPC), and amygdala/hippocampus (AMG/HPC) in 20 epilepsy patients while they viewed faces of famous people and strangers as well as common objects. In posterior VTC and MPC, familiarity-sensitive responses emerged significantly later than initial face-selective responses, suggesting that familiarity enhances face representations after they are first being extracted. Moreover, viewing famous faces increased the coupling between cortical areas and AMG/HPC in multiple frequency bands. These findings advance our understanding of the neural basis of familiar face perception by identifying the top-down modulation in local face-selective response and interactions between cortical face areas and AMG/HPC.
Increased Efficiency of Mitochondrial Coupling With a Reduction in Other Mitochondrial Respiratory Parameters in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Is Observed in Older Adults
Authors: Sriwichaiin Sirawit , Apaijai Nattayaporn , Phrommintikul Arintaya , Jaiwongkam Thidarat , Kerdphoo Sasiwan , Pratchayasakul Wasana , Thongmung Nisakron , Mahantassanapong Usanee , Vathesatogkit Prin , Kitiyakara Chagriya , Sritara Piyamitr , Chattipakorn Nipon , Chattipakorn Siriporn C 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is a factor potentially contributing to the Aging process. However, evidence surrounding changes in mitochondrial function and aging is still limited; therefore, this study aimed to investigate further the association between them. Possible confounding factors were included in the statistical analysis to explore the possibility of any independent associations. One thousand seven hundred and sixty-nine participants (619 middle-aged adults [age &lt; 65] and 1,150 older adults [age ≥ 65]) from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand were enrolled in the study. The clinical characteristics and medical history were collected. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from venous blood and used for analysis of mitochondrial function. Several parameters pertinent to mitochondrial respiration including non-mitochondrial respiration, basal respiration, maximal respiration, proton leak, and spare respiratory capacity were found to be two to three times lower in the mitochondria isolated from the cells of older adults. Interestingly, the mitochondrial ATP production was only slightly reduced, and the percentage of coupling efficiency of PBMC mitochondria was significantly higher in the older adult group. The mitochondrial mass and oxidative stress were significantly reduced in older adult participants; however, the ratio of oxidative stress to mass was significantly increased. The association of these parameters with age was still shown to be the same from the outcome of the multivariate analyses. The mitochondrial functions and mitochondrial mass in PBMCs were shown to decline in association with age. However, the upregulation of mitochondrial oxidative stress production and mitochondrial coupling efficiency might indicate a compensatory response in mitochondria during aging.
A two-stage deep neural model with capsule network for personality identification
Authors: Naseri Zahra , Momtazi Saeedeh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
People have different ways of thinking, feeling, and hence acting, which resulted in different personalities. Understanding one’s personality and how it can be automatically identified considering the way he/she communicates to the world around can be challenging; but it can also be useful in many cases. Deep learning algorithms perform fairly well in text-based personality detection. However, many computational personality assessment models rely on limited domain knowledge. There are different personality models for classifying personality traits according to the definitions of psychologists. In this paper, we focus on the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) model and explain how a two-stage deep neural model for personality identification can use more information from text and therefore, have better performance in classifying input data. To this end, in the first stage, we use capsule neural networks to extract meaningful hidden patterns from word-level semantic representation to be used for calculating personality traits. Moreover, in the second stage of the proposed architecture, we benefit from contextualized document-level representation of text as well as statistical psychological features. Our experimental results on the Myers–Briggs Personality Type dataset from Kaggle which has been labeled based on the MBTI model show improvement in personality identification compared to the state-of-the-art models in the field.
An openness framework for ex ante evaluation of societal impact of research
Authors: Benneworth Paul , Olmos-Peñuela Julia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Over the last decade, the idea of societal impact resulting from publicly funded research has changed from being a relatively fringe concern related to high-technology entrepreneurship and spin-off companies to becoming an increasingly important public policy concern. This has stimulated academic science policy research to investigate the impact of research and conceptualize how knowledge created in academic contexts can be coupled to real-world problems or needs. Most of the work in this stream of research focuses on ex post impacts, that is, the impacts created by individual research activities or research strands after their completion and likewise there has been much research on ex post impact evaluation. However, ex ante impact evaluations have become increasingly important for funding decisions, but little is known about how to evaluate impact when considering research project proposals. In this article, we propose a conceptual framework to evaluate ex ante impact of research based on the idea that a research proposal is a ‘promise’ to achieve impact. We suggest that evaluators could assess social impact promises by considering two elements, namely the activities that couple their knowledge with non-academic users and the interdependency and consistency of such activities throughout the overall project proposal. We ultimately propose an analytical framework for refining our ‘openness’ conceptual framework in future empirical research.
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Clinical Trial Comparing Cattell-Warren and Blumgart Anastomoses Following Partial Pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Halloran Christopher M. , Neoptolemos John P. , Jackson Richard , Platt Kellie , Psarelli Eftychia-Eirini , Reddy Srikanth , Gomez Dhanwant , O’Reilly Derek A. , Smith Andrew , Pausch Thomas M. , Prachalias Andreas , Davidson Brian , Ghaneh Paula 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
Whether a Blumgart anastomosis (BA) is superior to Cattell-Warren anastomosis (CWA) in terms of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) following pancreatoduodenectomy.

Importance:
Complications driven by POPF following pancreatic cancer resection may hinder adjuvant therapy, shortening survival. BA may reduce complications compared to CWA, improving the use of adjuvant therapy and prolonging survival.

Methods:
A multicenter double-blind, controlled trial of patients undergoing resection for suspected pancreatic head cancer, randomized during surgery to a BA or CWA, stratified by pancreatic consistency and duct diameter. The primary end point was POPF, and secondary outcome measures were adjuvant therapy use, specified surgical complications, quality of life, and survival from the date of randomization. For a 10% POPF reduction, 416 patients were required, 208 per arm (two-sided α = 0·05; power = 80%).

Results:
Z-score at planned interim analysis was 0.474 so recruitment was held to 238 patients; 236 patients were analyzed (112 BA and 124 CWA). No significant differences in POPF were observed between BA and CWA, odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) 1·04 (0.58–1.88), P = 0.887, nor in serious adverse events. Adjuvant therapy was delivered to 98 (62%) of 159 eligible patients with any malignancy; statistically unrelated to arm or postoperative complications. Twelve-month overall survival, hazard ratio (95% CI), did not differ between anastomoses; BA 0.787 (0.713–0.868) and CWA 0.854 (0.792–0.921), P = 0.266, nor for the 58 patients with complications, median (IQR), 0.83 (0.74–0.91) compared to 101 patients without complications 0.82 (0.76–0.89) (P = 0.977).

Conclusions:
PANasta represents the most robust analysis of BA versus CWA to date.
Perception of higher frequency of daily hot flashes in 50-year-old women today: a study of trends over time during 48 years in the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden
Authors: Rödström Kerstin , Weman Lilian , Sundh Valter , Björkelund Cecilia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine if there are any differences in the prevalence of daily hot flashes in 50-year-old women in a longitudinal perspective (from 1968 to 2017).

Methods
Cohort comparisons of four population-based samples of 50-year-old women born in 1918, 1930 (earlier-born cohorts), 1954, and 1966 (later-born cohorts) from the Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg examined in 1968-1969, 1980-1981, 2004-2005, and 2016-2017. Questions about frequency of hot flashes have been formulated in the same way throughout all follow-up examinations. Changes between four generations of 50-year-old women were studied.

Results
In the unadjusted model, we found an increased prevalence of daily hot flashes in 50-year-old women born in 1954 and 1966 compared with 50-year-old women born in 1918 and 1930 (odds ratio, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-2.22). When considering potential predictors for daily hot flashes (smoking, perceived level of high stress, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, hormone therapy, and hormonal contraceptives) in the adjusted model, there was a notable difference; odds ratio increases from 1.74 to 1.92 (95% confidence interval, 1.46-2.52). Smoking frequency was substantially lower in the later-born cohorts, 39% compared with 17%.

Conclusions
In this prospective longitudinal study of 50-year-old women, we found nearly twice as high odds of reporting daily hot flashes in the later-born women compared with earlier-born. When controlling for potential predictors, there was still an obvious difference, which cannot be explained in our study. These findings have not earlier been described, and there is a need for further longitudinal population studies investigating the prevalence of hot flashes over time. Moreover, additional research is required exploring the underlying mechanism of hot flashes, as well as studies that take into account potential risk factors in the environment and societal development over time, that is, impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals changes in lifestyle, environmental, and dietary factors, as well as working conditions.
Disseminated Gonococcal Infections (DGI) in Manitoba, Canada: 2013 to 2020
Authors: Sawatzky Pam , Martin Irene , Thorington Robyn , Alexander David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Gonorrhea, when left untreated, can enter the blood and cause disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI). DGI, which can include dermatitis, tenosynovitis, migratory polyarthralgia and arthritis, have been increasing in Manitoba (MB), Canada since 2013. Endocarditis, a rare DGI was identified in three MB patients in 2018 and 2019.

Methods
Antimicrobial resistance, molecular types and resistance-associated mutations were determined for MB DGI isolates (n = 103) identified from 2013-2020 using phenotypic and genotypic methods. Neisseria gonorrhoeae Multi-Antigen Sequence Typing (NG-MAST) of residual nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) samples (n = 13) from 2019 and 2020 were also determined.

Results
The increase in DGI in MB in 2019 and 2020 was due to the NG-MAST-11508 molecular type with porB-2206, a persistent PorB protein structure type 'A' allele. These isolates had low level resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline.

Conclusions
Molecular surveillance of gonorrhea and in particular, gonococcal strains resulting in DGI is imperative to monitor clonal transmission within populations. This data can be used to alert public health of emerging issues and support public health interventions.
Transforming health science libraries around the globe: The impact of technology
Authors: Murphy Jeannette 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHealth science libraries have been using information technology since the late 1960s, shaping both the profession and the mission of these libraries. To explore the impact of technology, a series of articles has been commissioned for the HILJ Regular Feature, International Perspectives and Initiatives. This editorial sets the scene for this series of articles, which starts in this issue. These articles, written by health science librarians from around the globe, will explore the impact of technology on the way health science libraries provide information in the digital age. Some articles will look at national trends and others will focus on a particular library. A key theme is how technology is being used to support the mission of health science libraries and whether technology has altered that mission. This editorial provides a brief overview of the technologies libraries have adopted, from the 1970s to the present day. From this, it is clear that information technology has transformed the way health information is collected, catalogued, and disseminated to users. And it is certain that in the coming decade new technologies will be incorporated into health science libraries, which will pose challenges for both users and librarians. However, librarians will continue to find ways to adapt and use these tools to meet the needs of their users.
Experimental and Modelling Analysis of a Large-Scale Two-Phase Loop Thermosyphon
Authors: Isaac Aragones Debraliz , Chen Chien-Hua , Weibel Justin A. , Warsinger David M. , Bonner Richard W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Liquid pumping requires large quantities of electrical energy, including about 7% of the energy of building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. To replace pumped condenser-cooling tower water loops with a passive alternative system, we implemented a commercial-scale two-phase loop thermosyphon (TPLT). The unit consists of a 13 m riser integrated with a commercially available cooling tower and circulation water heater that simulates heat loads up to 25 kW. In addition to providing passive cooling capabilities, the cooling tower unit is also maintenance free, reliable, and can operate in both dry and wet modes. This study characterizes the performance (temperature difference between the evaporator and condenser) and the two-phase flow behavior of the loop under various refrigerant charges. Sight glasses installed throughout the loop are used to identify the operating flow regimes in the riser and downcomer. Over the range of operating conditions, we identified that there is an optimal refrigerant charge range for a specific heat load at which near-isothermal operation can be achieved. We further developed a model to predict the operating flow rate and gravitational height in the downcomer and compared it with the experimental data. The results show that the model agrees with the experimental data, in particular the threshold gravitational head height at which there will be subcooled liquid at the condenser exit, indicating that it can be used as a predictive tool for identifying the optimal loop charge for a given heat load.
Characterization of Vented Gas Predictions in Lithium-Ion Modeling With 1-D Thermal Runaway (LIM1TR)
Authors: Qatramez Ala' E. , Kurzawski Andrew , Hewson John , Parker Michael , Porter Adam , Foti Daniel , Headley Alexander J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Thermal runaway and its propagation are major safety issues in containerized lithium-ion battery energy storage systems. While conduction-driven propagation has received much attention, the thermal hazards associated with propagation via hot gases vented from failing cells are still not fully understood. Vented gases can lead to global safety issues in containerized systems, via heat transfer to other parts of the system and potential combustion hazards. In this work, we validate the characteristics of vented gases from cells undergoing thermal runaway in the thermal propagation model LIM1TR (Lithium-ion Modeling with 1-D Thermal Runaway). In particular, we assess the evolution of vented gases, venting time, and temperature profiles of single cell and multi-cell arrays based on experiments performed in Archibald et al (Fire Technology, 2020). While several metrics for estimating the venting time are assessed, a metric based on the CO2 generation results in consistent predictions. Vented gas evolution, and venting times predicted by the simulations are consistent with those estimated during the experiments. The simulation resolution and other model parameters, especially the use of an intra-particle diffusion limiter, have a large role in prediction of venting time.
Experimental Results of Simulation of a Combined Flash Evaporation and Phase Separation System for Desalination of Sea Water
Authors: Chandramouli Vasudevan , Jen Jin , Dhir Vijay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With demand for fresh water ever-increasing, it is essential to find ways for producing fresh water. Due to its abundance, sea water near coastal regions is a logical choice for desalination. Developing desalination systems that are scalable, energy efficient, and cost effective becomes imperative. A novel system combining dynamic flash evaporation and vapor separation for desalination in a single step was investigated in this work. Water from a primary tank at atmospheric pressure was pumped to higher pressure and simultaneously heated to temperature close to saturation. Heated water was injected tangentially into a separator tube section through two injection passages and injectors. Dynamic pressure drop due to friction and acceleration occurs when the initially subcooled water passes through the injection passages and injectors resulting in flashing. Flashing produces liquid-vapor two phase mixture which when tangentially injected results in centrifugal separation. A vapor core with liquid annulus forms in the separator tube. Vapor was removed with a retrieval tube placed in the vapor core and was directed to the condenser where condensation at atmospheric pressure take place. Thermal conversion efficiency based on the utilization of available superheat for vapor production and phase separation efficiency dependent on the mass-based quality of condensate were defined to evaluate the system. Thermal conversion efficiencies and phase separation efficiencies of up to 98% were achieved in the experiments. Parametric effects of flowrate, superheat, retrieval tube size on thermal conversion and phase separation efficiencies were studied. Experimental results with sea water as test fluid and purity of condensate achieving 98% by weight were reported.