bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal quantification of human foetal lung and liver elasticities between 24 and 39 weeks of gestation using 2D shear wave elastography
Authors: Nallet Camille , Pazart Lionel , Cochet Claire , Vidal Chrystelle , Metz Jean-Patrick , Jacquet Emmanuelle , Gorincour Guillaume , Mottet Nicolas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To quantify and model normal foetal lung and liver elasticities between 24 and 39 weeks of gestation (WG) using two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE). To assess the impact of the distance between the probe and the target organ on the estimation of elasticity values.

Methods
Measurements of normal foetal lungs and liver elasticity were prospectively repeated monthly between 24 and 39 WG in 72 foetuses using 2D-SWE. Elasticity was quantified in the proximal lung and in the region inside the hepatic portal sinus. The distance between the probe and the target organ was recorded. Trajectories representing foetal lung and liver maturation from at least 3 measurements over time were modelled.

Results
The average elasticity for the lung and liver was significantly different from 24 WG to 36 WG (p < 0.01). Liver elasticity increased during gestation (3.86 kPa at 24 WG versus 4.45 kPa at 39 WG). From 24 WG to 32 WG, lung elasticity gradually increased (4.12kPa at 24 WG, 4.91kPa at 28 WG, 5.03kPa at 32 WG, p < 0.002). After 32 WG, lung elasticity decreased to 4.54kPa at 36 WG and 3.94kPa at 39 WG. The dispersion of the average elasticity values was greater for the lung than for the liver (p < 0.0001). Variation in the elasticity values was less important for the liver than for the lung. The values were considered valid and repeatable except for a probe-lung distance above 8cm.

Conclusion
Foetal lung and liver elasticities evolve differently through gestation. This could reflect the tissue maturation of both organs during gestation.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03834805

Key Points
• Prenatal quantification of foetal lung elasticity using 2D shear wave elastography could be a new prenatal parameter for exploring foetal lung maturity.
• Liver elasticity increased progressively from 24 weeks of gestation (WG) to 39 WG, while lung elasticity increased first between 24 and 32 WG and then decreased after 32 WG.
• The values of elasticity are considered valid and repeatable except for a probe-lung distance above 8cm.
Spinal cord compression in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis
Authors: Pantel Tobias , Lindschau Mona , Luebke Andreas M. , Kunkel Philip , Dreimann Marc , Muschol Nicole , Eicker Sven O. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Spinal abnormalities frequently occur in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) types I, II, IV, and VI. The symptoms are manifold, which sometimes prolongs the diagnostic process and delays therapy. Spinal stenosis (SS) with spinal cord compression due to bone malformations and an accumulation of storage material in soft tissue are serious complications of MPS disease. Data on optimal perioperative therapeutic care of SS is limited.

Methods
A retrospective chart analysis of patients with MPS and SS for the time period 01/1998 to 03/2021 was performed. Demographics, clinical data, neurological status, diagnostic evaluations (radiography, MRI, electrophysiology), and treatment modalities were documented. The extent of the SS and spinal canal diameter were analyzed. A Cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for neurological outcomes.

Results
Out of 209 MPS patients, 15 were included in this study. The most dominant type of MPS was I (–H) (n = 7; 46.7%). Preoperative neurological deterioration was the most frequent indication for further diagnostics (n = 12; 80%). The surgical procedure of choice was dorsal instrumentation with microsurgical decompression (n = 14; 93.3%). A univariate Cox regression analysis showed MPS type I (–H) to be associated with favorable neurological outcomes.

Conclusion
Early detection of spinal stenosis is highly relevant in patients with MPS. Detailed neurological assessment during follow-up is crucial for timeous detection of patients at risk. The surgical intervention of choice is dorsal instrumentation with microsurgical decompression and resection of thickened intraspinal tissue. Patients with MPS type I (–H) demonstrated the best neurological course.
„B-Probleme“ des nichttraumatologischen Schockraummanagements
Authors: Kumle Bernhard , Michael Mark , Wermke Andreas , Schmitz Christoph , Hammer Niels , Kümpers Philipp , Pin Martin , Bernhard Michael 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungBeim Primary Survey des nichttraumatologischen Schockraummanagements kritisch kranker Patienten dient das ABCDE-Schema zur sofortigen Erkennung und Therapie vitaler Gefährdungen. „B-Probleme“ gehen mit einer Störung der Atmung einher und bedürfen einer sofortigen Behandlung. Die Pathogenese von „B-Problemen“ ist gerade im nichttraumatologischen Schockraum vielfältig. Klinische Untersuchung, Notfallsonographie und Kenntnisse in den Oxygenierungstechniken und der Beatmung stellen hier wichtige Bestandteile der Diagnostik und Therapie dar. Hierzu sind ein standardisiertes Vorgehen und regelmäßiges Training in der Notaufnahme von elementarer Bedeutung.
Improving plant-based genotoxicity bioassay through AFLP technique for trace metal-contaminated water: insights from Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. and Cd
Authors: Coppi Andrea , Colzi Ilaria , Lastrucci Lorenzo , Castellani Maria Beatrice , Gonnelli Cristina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, we evaluated whether the species Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. can be a promising material for devising reliable eco-toxicological tests for Cd-contaminated waters. Plants of M. aquaticum were exposed to Cd, using different concentrations (1 mg L−1, 2.5 mg L−1, 5 mg L−1, and 10 mg L−1; experiment 1) and exposure times (2.5 mg L−1 for 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days; experiment 2). Plant growth and Cd accumulation were monitored during the treatment period, and Cd genotoxicity was assessed by analyzing Cd-induced changes in the AFLP fingerprinting profiles using famEcoRI(TAC)/MseI(ATG) and hexEcoRI(ACG)/MseI(ATG) pairs of primers. Root and shoot growth was reduced already at the lowest Cd concentration used (about 20% reduction for roots and 60% for shoots at 1 mg L−1; experiment 1) and after 7 days (about 50% reduction for roots and 70% for shoots; experiment 2). The primer combinations produced 154 and 191 polymorphic loci for experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Mean genetic diversity (He) reduction among the treatment groups was observed starting from 2.5 mg L−1 (He 0.211 treated vs 0.236 control; experiment 1) and after 3 days (He 0.169 treated vs 0.261 control; experiment 2), indicating that results obtained from AFLP profiles did not match with plant growth measurements. Therefore, our results showed that M. aquaticum proved to be a suitable model system for the investigation of Cd genotoxicity through AFLP fingerprinting profile, whereas the more classic eco-toxicological tests based only on biometric parameters could not correctly estimate the risk associated with undetected Cd genotoxicity.
Media multitasking, advertising appeal, and gender effects
Authors: Garaus Marion , Wolfsteiner Elisabeth 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite the knowledge that women engage more frequently in multitasking than men when using media devices, no study has explored how multitasking impacts the brand attitude of this target audience. The investigation of gender effects in the context of media multitasking would not only provide a better understanding of the individual elements which influence brand attitude in media multitasking situations but would also guide marketers in their targeting strategies. Likewise, the investigation of the role of advertising appeals follows the current call to concentrate on the role of advertising in media multitasking situations. To address these research gaps, the current research conducted two experimental studies to offer a new perspective on the impact of gender differences in processing styles (heuristic vs systematic processing) and their interaction with different advertising appeals (rational vs emotional appeals) on brand attitude in media single and multitasking. Study 1 employs an online experiment (gender × viewing situation × advertising appeal). Results demonstrate that media multitasking negatively affects brand attitude, and that women have a lower brand attitude in a media multitasking situation compared to a single tasking situation, while emotional advertisements neither strengthen nor attenuate the negative impact of media multitasking on brand attitude. Study 2 employs a more controlled online experiment (gender × viewing situation × advertising appeal) with a different product category. The results reveal a moderating effect on the influence of media multitasking on brand attitude, as mediated through attention toward the ad. Hence, attention toward the ad has been identified as underlying mechanism.
Perception of climate change effects on water resources: Iraqi undergraduates as a case study
Authors: Al-Maliki Laheab A. , Al-Mamoori Sohaib K. , Jasim Ihsan A. , El-Tawel Khaled , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Comair Fadi G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeveloping countries suffer from the effects of climate change on water resources more than other countries. This paper aims to specify the undergraduates’ knowledge about climate change effects on water resources. This study was conducted through a questionnaire distributed using Google form in May 2021. Descriptive analysis was used to display the level of awareness, and then the correlation between the respondents’ gender, stage, and scientific specialization were analyzed. The results showed that the general knowledge for all questionaries ranged between 40 and 50 %. Moreover, a weak positive correlation with the highest Spearman’s rho of 0.15 was shown for the students’ gender with their understanding of climate change main cause by 0.06 for the academic stage versus knowledge of climate change causes. Moreover, the results indicated a weak role for university education in exchange for a prominent role for television and social media in raising awareness. The research recommends integrating the Environmental Education (EE) programs into the Iraqi educational systems as it proposes a systematic educational method through which climate change and other environmental problems may be addressed holistically at all educational levels.
Shored curfews: Constructions of pandemic islandness in contemporary Sri Lanka
Authors: Godamunne Vichitra , Abdeen Azhar Jainul , Zoysa Rapti Siriwardane-de 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper explores COVID-19 pandemic biopolitics in Sri Lanka through tropes of “islanding” and segregation by discussing how notions of island isolation, insularity, and geo-spatial boundedness have been transformed from their colonial origins to our post-colonial present, and in the wake of wartime governance. We engage with interlocking notions of the “pandemic island” and the “islanding” of a zoonotic virus with which to broaden relational thinking on local pandemic realities. We argue that the pandemic has tacitly shaped imaginaries of oceanic “islandness” in contemporary times by focusing on five interrelated island(ed) tropes in the humanities and interpretive social sciences against the context of the pandemic. These include the carceral (fortressed) island, the utopic island, the “urban” island, the illicit island, and the mythologised (cursed) island. This paper further contributes toward an understanding of contemporary islands and island imaginaries, an understudied dimension of pandemic-related land-sea sociality.
Extracting multiple layers of social networks through a 7-month survey using a wearable device: a case study from a farming community in Japan
Authors: Komori Masashi , Takemura Kosuke , Minoura Yukihisa , Uchida Atsuhiko , Iida Rino , Seike Aya , Uchida Yukiko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs individuals are susceptible to social influences from those to whom they are connected, structures of social networks have been an important research subject in social sciences. However, quantifying these structures in real life has been comparatively more difficult. One reason is data collection methods—how to assess elusive social contacts (e.g., unintended brief contacts in a coffee room); however, recent studies have overcome this difficulty using wearable devices. Another reason relates to the multi-layered nature of social relations—individuals are often embedded in multiple networks that are overlapping and complicatedly interwoven. A novel method to disentangle such complexity is needed. Here, we propose a new method to detect multiple latent subnetworks behind interpersonal contacts. We collected data of proximities among residents in a Japanese farming community for 7 months using wearable devices which detect other devices nearby via Bluetooth communication. We performed non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) on the proximity log sequences and extracted five latent subnetworks. One of the subnetworks represented social relations regarding farming activities, and another subnetwork captured the patterns of social contacts taking place in a community hall, which played the role of a “hub” of diverse residents within the community. We also found that the eigenvector centrality score in the farming-related network was positively associated with self-reported pro-community attitude, while the centrality score regarding the community hall was associated with increased self-reported health.
Direct adaptive neural network-based sliding mode control of a high-speed, ultratall building elevator using genetic algorithm
Authors: Mangera Muhammed , Pedro Jimoh O. , Panday Aarti 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA direct adaptive sliding mode controller (SMC) based on radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) approximation is proposed for a high-speed, ultratall building elevator system using genetic algorithm (GA) to optimise the control parameters. The nonlinear dynamic model of the elevator system is described, with the RBFNN used to approximate the elevator system functions and external disturbance uncertainties. The RBFNN parameters are optimised using GA. The RBFNN-SMC was compared with a traditional sliding mode controller, nonlinear pseudo-derivative feedback (NPDF) controller and a nonlinear proportional-integral-derivative controller. The Lyapunov stability theorem is applied to develop the adaptive law, thereby guaranteeing the system stability. Performance of the proposed RBFNN-SMC has been evaluated using numerical simulations. The RBFNN-SMC achieved effective control of the elevator system. Although the RBFNN-SMC system achieved comparable pre-re-levelling control to its competitors, problematic chattering was observed due to sensor noise, suggesting that the system must be coupled with a noise-attenuating filter to avoid actuator damage. Following arrival of the cabins, an adaptive re-levelling operation was applied to reduce the distance between the cabins and the arrival floor. Although both SMC variants accomplished successful re-levelling, the NPDF-based controller achieved the best performance—adjusting the final cabin position to within 1 mm of the target floor in both considered displacement overshoot cases.
Tacit knowledge elicitation process for industry 4.0
Authors: Fenoglio Enzo , Kazim Emre , Latapie Hugo , Koshiyama Adriano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractManufacturers migrate their processes to Industry 4.0, which includes new technologies for improving productivity and efficiency of operations. One of the issues is capturing, recreating, and documenting the tacit knowledge of the aging workers. However, there are no systematic procedures to incorporate this knowledge into Enterprise Resource Planning systems and maintain a competitive advantage. This paper describes a solution proposal for a tacit knowledge elicitation process for capturing operational best practices of experienced workers in industrial domains based on a mix of algorithmic techniques and a cooperative game. We use domain ontologies for Industry 4.0 and reasoning techniques to discover and integrate new facts from textual sources into an Operational Knowledge Graph. We describe a concepts formation iterative process in a role game played by human and virtual agents through socialization and externalization for knowledge graph refinement. Ethical and societal concerns are discussed as well.
Build rapport and collect data: A teaching resource on the clinical interviewing intake
Authors: Pashak Travis J. , Heron Michael R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper is an overview of the intake process for mental health helping professions. We intend for this piece to serve as a teaching resource, useful as an intake primer for novice clinicians in psychology, social work, counseling, or psychiatry, but perhaps also as a helpful review for experienced clinicians as well. We define and describe the clinical interviewing intake, discuss its history, and conceptualize it as an endeavor toward building rapport and collecting data. Specific topics we explore include: adopting an appropriate clinical attitude, engaging in cultural humility, considering practical factors about conducting the intake, viewing interviewing as an art, evaluating tools of data collection, discussing psychometric considerations in intakes (e.g., reliability, validity, standardization, and sources of data), and identifying topics to assess in-session and how to explore them. The paper closes with some summary thoughts and overall advice to those soon to embark on their first clinical interviewing intake.
The Role of Philosophers in Climate Change
Authors: CHISLENKO EUGENE 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSome conceptions of the role of philosophers in climate change focus mainly on theoretical progress in philosophy, or on philosophers as individual citizens. Against these views, I defend askill view: philosophers should use our characteristic skills as philosophers to combat climate change by integrating it into our teaching, research, service, and community engagement. A focus on theoretical progress, citizenship, expertise, virtue, ability, social role, or power, rather than on skill, can allow for some of these contributions. But the skill view, I argue, uniquely captures the breadth of philosophers’ role in climate change; promises to make us more effective in practice; and offers a compelling way to overcome our own lingering climate denial by integrating climate change into all aspects of philosophical activity.
Optimal entry and consumption under habit formation
Authors: Yang Yue , Yu Xiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper studies a composite problem involving decision-making about the optimal entry time and dynamic consumption afterwards. In Stage 1, the investor has access to full market information subject to some information costs and needs to choose an optimal stopping time to initiate Stage 2; in Stage 2, the investor terminates the costly full information acquisition and starts dynamic investment and consumption under partial observation of free public stock prices. Habit formation preferences are employed, in which past consumption affects the investor’s current decisions. Using the stochastic Perron method, the value function of the composite problem is proved to be the unique viscosity solution of some variational inequalities.
Instrumental Love: Political Marriage and Family Firm Growth
Authors: Lu Feifei , Huang Xu , Xu Erica , Chung Chi-Nien , He Xiaogang 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTPolitical marriage is an under-investigated form of social capital for family firms. In this study, we examine the relationship between political marriage and the growth of family firms. We analyze this relationship using survey data from parent–child dyads of 164 family firms in mainland China, along with qualitative data from eight semi-structured interviews. Drawing on social capital theory and self-verification theory, we propose that political marriage makes a significant contribution to the growth of family firms. We further propose that the effects of a political marriage on firm growth are moderated by the duration of the marriage and the degree of romantic love experienced by the couples. We find that the positive relationship between political marriage and firm growth is stronger when the duration of the marriage is longer. Our results also reveal a three-way interaction effect of political marriage, length of marriage, and romantic love on firm growth. In this interaction, the positive effect of political marriage is strongest when the marriage is long and the degree of romantic love is low (rather than high). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
The Moral Failings of Vaccine Procurement
Authors: Guerra Enzo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn November 2020, the world received the good news that some vaccine candidates were highly effective at preventing COVID-19. Yet, the demand for COVID-19 vaccines within the global free market has led wealthy nations to procure most of the vaccine supply, leaving low- and middle-income countries in dire circumstances. This article considers the morality of our global procurement strategies and argues that, although what we are witnessing may be adhering to the parameters set out in global business and global politics, it nonetheless has moral deficiencies.
Epistemic Permissiveness and the Problem of Philosophical Disagreement
Authors: Walker Mark 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEpistemic uniqueness is the view that there is at most one rational doxastic response to a given batch of evidence E, while epistemic permissiveness is the denial of epistemic uniqueness. As several authors have noted, one of the attractions of epistemic permissiveness is that it allows us to believe that more than one doxastic response may be rationally faultless, and so permits us to respect the epistemic credentials of all parties to a dispute. I argue that permissiveness is unable to deliver on this claimed benefit in many philosophical disputes.
Women's Transnational Activism against Portugal's Colonial Wars
Authors: Strippoli Giulia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article recovers the history of the transnational women's movement that arose during Portugal's colonial wars (1961–1974). This movement connected women in Portugal and its colonies and operated independently of the PCP, MPLA, PAIGC, and FRELIMO. Most research on women's activism in Portugal, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Cabo Verde, and Mozambique begins with their relationships to the male-dominated organizations that operated within national frameworks. In contrast, by examining the international connections of these women's groups, this article illuminates their political activities outside national organizations led by men. It shows that women created transnational solidarity networks struggling against the Portuguese Estado Novo and the colonial wars and, in doing so, promoted their own emancipation.
FIEs and the Transmission of Global Financial Uncertainty: Evidence from China
Authors: Wu Shujie , Ye Haichun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article provides micro-level evidence for the role of foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) in the cross-border transmission of global financial uncertainty shocks. Using Chinese firm-level data, we find that rising uncertainty has a significantly larger contractionary effect on real investment for FIEs than their local counterparts. This effect is more pronounced for firms faced with greater investment irreversibility or financial constraints. The contractionary effect is mainly driven by downside uncertainty, whereas upside uncertainty is modestly expansionary. Similar effects are found for other firm-level performances. There is also a spillover effect to local private firms with FIEs concentrated in downstream sectors.