bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased expression of autophagy‐related genes in the complete remission phase of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Tandel Parisa , Ranjbaran Reza , Ebrahimi Eqbal , Rezvani Alireza , Ramzi Mani , Tamaddon Gholamhossein 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAutophagy is a conserved recycling process in cells. However, the effects of autophagy on the remission and treatment response of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have not been clarified.MethodsThe expression of MAP1LC3B, ATG5, ATG10, RB1CC1, and AMBRA1 genes was assessed in 32 newly diagnosed AML patients, 18 complete remission (CR) patients, and seven relapsed patients, as well as 15 controls, by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsThe expression of all five genes was significantly higher in the newly diagnosed AML patients as compared to the controls (p < 0.0001). The MAP1LC3B, ATG5, ATG10, RB1CC1, and AMBRA1 gene expression significantly reduced in CR patients compared to newly diagnosed AML patients (p = 0.006, 0.003, 0.0002, 0.006, and 0.004, respectively). The AMBRA1 gene expression was significantly higher in the relapsed cases as compared to both newly diagnosed (p = 0.01) and CR patients (p = 0.03). Moreover, a significant positive correlation was observed between the expression of MAP1LC3B (r = 0.739, p = 0.000001), ATG5 (r = 0.682, p = 0.00001), and ATG10 (r = 0.586, p = 0.0004) genes and white blood cell (WBC) count in patients at diagnosis.ConclusionThe expression of MAP1LC3B, ATG5, ATG10, RB1CC1, and AMBRA1 genes can be examined to follow‐up the remission of AML and the patient's response to treatment.
Technical note: Evaluation of a V‐Net autosegmentation algorithm for pediatric CT scans: Performance, generalizability, and application to patient‐specific CT dosimetry
Authors: Adamson Philip M. , Bhattbhatt Vrunda , Principi Sara , Beriwal Surabhi , Strain Linda S. , Offe Michael , Wang Adam S. , Vo Nghia‐Jack , Gilat Schmidt Taly , Jordan Petr 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study developed and evaluated a fully convolutional network (FCN) for pediatric CT organ segmentation and investigated the generalizability of the FCN across image heterogeneities such as CT scanner model protocols and patient age. We also evaluated the autosegmentation models as part of a software tool for patient‐specific CT dose estimation.MethodsA collection of 359 pediatric CT datasets with expert organ contours were used for model development and evaluation. Autosegmentation models were trained for each organ using a modified FCN 3D V‐Net. An independent test set of 60 patients was withheld for testing. To evaluate the impact of CT scanner model protocol and patient age heterogeneities, separate models were trained using a subset of scanner model protocols and pediatric age groups. Train and test sets were split to answer questions about the generalizability of pediatric FCN autosegmentation models to unseen age groups and scanner model protocols, as well as the merit of scanner model protocol or age‐group‐specific models. Finally, the organ contours resulting from the autosegmentation models were applied to patient‐specific dose maps to evaluate the impact of segmentation errors on organ dose estimation.ResultsResults demonstrate that the autosegmentation models generalize to CT scanner acquisition and reconstruction methods which were not present in the training dataset. While models are not equally generalizable across age groups, age‐group‐specific models do not hold any advantage over combining heterogeneous age groups into a single training set. Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and mean surface distance results are presented for 19 organ structures, for example, median DSC of 0.52 (duodenum), 0.74 (pancreas), 0.92 (stomach), and 0.96 (heart). The FCN models achieve a mean dose error within 5% of expert segmentations for all 19 organs except for the spinal canal, where the mean error was 6.31%.ConclusionsOverall, these results are promising for the adoption of FCN autosegmentation models for pediatric CT, including applications for patient‐specific CT dose estimation.
Constant light exposure alters gut microbiota and short‐/medium‐chain fatty acids and aggravates PCOS‐like traits in HFD‐fed rats
Authors: Yue Fangzhi , Xing Lin , Wu Shanyu , Wei Lin , Zhou Zhijun , Shi Ying , Lam Sin Man , Shui Guanghou , Xiang Xingwei , Russell Ryan , Zhang Dongmei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the effects of constant light exposure on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)‐like endocrine and metabolic changes in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed rats and to elucidate the related microbiotic mechanisms.MethodsA total of 32 female Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n = 8 each): rats on a normal chow diet with standard light‐dark cycle, rats on a normal chow diet with constant light exposure, rats on an HFD with standard light‐dark cycle, and rats on an HFD with constant light exposure. After 16 weeks of treatment, changes in anthropometric parameters, estrous cycle, hormone profiles, ovarian pathology, and gut microbiota and short‐/medium‐chain fatty acids in colon contents were assessed.ResultsConstant light exposure aggravated PCOS‐like phenotypes in HFD‐fed rats, such as hyperandrogenism, disrupted estrous cycle, and polycystic ovaries. Additionally, constant light exposure and an HFD synergized to decrease α‐diversity of gut microbiota, create a reduced abundance of Ruminococcus genus, and create an increased abundance of Firmicutes and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. In HFD‐fed rats, the group with constant light exposure had an increase in propionate acid and a decrease in total medium‐chain fatty acids in colon contents compared with the standard light‐dark cycle group.ConclusionsConstant light exposure causes gut dysbiosis, alters production of short‐ and medium‐chain fatty acids, and aggravates PCOS‐like traits in HFD‐fed rats.
Prepare randomized clinical trial: Acceptability, engagement, and lifestyle effects of a weight loss intervention beginning in pre‐pregnancy
Authors: LeBlanc Erin S. , Boisvert Cassie , Catlin Chris , Lee Mi H. , Smith Ning , Vesco Kimberly K. , Savage Jennifer , Mitchell Diane C. , Gruß Inga , Stevens Victor J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealthier lifestyles in early pregnancy are associated with lower rates of pregnancy complications, childhood adiposity, and maternal and child cardiovascular risks. However, it is not known whether lifestyle coaching initiated prior to pregnancy can affect behavior and attitudes during pregnancy.MethodsThree hundred and twenty six women planning pregnancy within 2 years with BMI ≥27 kg/m2 were randomized to a behavioral weight loss intervention or to usual care. Analyses reported here examined the intervention’s impact on mid‐pregnancy diet quality and activity levels; program acceptability; and effects of pregnancy on intervention engagement.ResultsOne hundred and sixty eight participants experienced pregnancy during the study (intervention: 91; usual care: 77). From randomization to mid‐pregnancy, participants who received the intervention had larger increases in fruit intake than usual care participants (+0.67 vs. +0.06 cups; p = 0.02) and engaged in more vigorous‐intensity activity (3.9 [5.5] vs. 1.2 [3.0] Met‐hr/week p = 0.002) and sports/exercise (17.0 [14.1] vs. 11.0 [9.5] Met‐hr/week; p = 0.03); the groups also differed in changes in sedentary time (−4.9 [15.0] vs. +0.5 [7.6] Met‐hr/week; p = 0.02). Intervention satisfaction was high (>80%), and experiencing pregnancy during the intervention was associated with higher engagement.ConclusionA coaching‐based intervention beginning in pre‐pregnancy successfully helped women attain healthier diet and exercise habits in mid‐pregnancy.Clinical trials registrationRegistered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02346162, first registered on January 26, 2015, before date of initial participant enrollment (May 2015), https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02346162.
Psychosocial impact of testing human papillomavirus positive in Australia's human papillomavirus‐based cervical screening program: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Chadwick Verity , Bennett Kirsty F. , McCaffery Kirsten J. , Brotherton Julia M. L. , Dodd Rachael H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the impact of self‐reported human papillomavirus (HPV) test result (HPV negative, HPV positive, HPV result unknown) on a range of psychosocial outcomes.MethodsWomen and other people with a cervix in Australia aged 25–74 years who reported having participated in cervical screening since December 2017 were recruited through Facebook and Instagram to complete an online survey. The primary outcome measures were anxiety, emotional distress, and general distress.ResultsNine hundred fifteen participants completed the online survey; 73.2% reported testing HPV negative (‘HPV−’), 15% reported testing HPV positive (‘HPV+’) and 11.8% reported that they did not know/remember their test result (‘HPV unknown’). Compared to participants testing HPV−, participants testing HPV+ had higher mean anxiety (41.67 vs. 37.08, p < 0.001) and emotional distress scores (11.88 vs. 7.71, p < 0.001). Concern about test result (34.3% vs. 1.3%, p < 0.001), perceived risk compared to average women (55.4% vs. 14.1%, p < 0.001), and cancer worry (27.8% vs. 5.9%, p < 0.001) were also greater among HPV+ participants than participants testing HPV−. Participants testing HPV+ felt less reassured about their screening result than participants testing HPV− (16% vs. 75.1%, p < 0.001). Participants testing HPV+ had greater knowledge of HPV (11.96 vs. 10.36 out of 16, p < 0.001) and HPV testing (3.94 vs 3.28 out of 5, p < 0.001) than participants who reported testing HPV−.ConclusionsElevated levels of anxiety and emotional distress were found in those testing HPV+ compared with those testing HPV−. Future research should examine what strategies should be used to deliver test results and what additional information is provided, in order to alleviate anxiety among individuals testing HPV+.
Electronic Structure Investigation of GaN Nanowire Doped with Transition Metals Particles via First Principle
Authors: Lu Feifei , Liu Lei , Tian Jian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn order to make GaN nanowires better used in the field of spin‐polarized electron sources, the structure and properties of transition metal (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) particles doped nanowires are studied through first principles. The research results show that transition metal (TM) particles are more likely to be doped on the outermost surface of GaN nanowires. The work function of Cr‐doped GaN nanowires has the largest decrease, which is 2.06 eV. For TM‐doped nanowires, magnetic moments are induced, which are mainly derived from the polarization of 3d electrons of TM atoms and 2p electrons of N atoms. Mn‐doped GaN nanowires with 100% spin polarization characteristics seem to be good candidates for spin‐polarized electron source photocathode applications.
Efficiently list‐edge coloring multigraphs asymptotically optimally
Authors: Iliopoulos Fotis , Sinclair Alistair 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe give polynomial time algorithms for the seminal results of Kahn, who showed that the Goldberg–Seymour and list‐coloring conjectures for (list‐)edge coloring multigraphs hold asymptotically. Kahn's arguments are based on the probabilistic method and are non‐constructive. Our key insight is that we can combine sophisticated techniques due to Achlioptas, Iliopoulos, and Kolmogorov for the analysis of local search algorithms with correlation decay properties of the probability spaces on matchings used by Kahn in order to construct efficient edge‐coloring algorithms.
Superior Unidirectional Water Transport and Mechanically Stable 3D Orthogonal Woven Fabric for Human Body Moisture and Thermal Management
Authors: Fan Wei , Zhang Ge , Zhang Xiaolin , Dong Kai , Liang Xiaoping , Chen Weichun , Yu Lingjie , Zhang Yingying 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnidirectional water transport performance is vital for maintaining human thermal and wet comfort in the field of garment materials. In this work, a 3D orthogonal woven fabric (3DOWF) with excellent one‐way transport capacity and mechanical properties is developed via 3D weaving and plasma treatment. The 3DOWF consists of polyester yarns (first layer), cotton yarns (second layer), and viscose yarns (third layer) with successively enhanced water absorption capacity. This allows droplets to penetrate spontaneously from the hydrophobic layer to the hydrophilic layer but not vice versa. Moreover, the Coolmax yarn with the core suction effect in the Z‐direction and the plasma‐treated polyester of the 3DOWF are shown to efficiently speed up the water transport process. In particular, the water penetration rate of the 3DOWF reaches 25 µl s‐1. In turn, the surface temperature after water absorption is increased by 2.6 °C compared with the cotton fabric, while the tensile strengths in the weft and warp directions of the 3DOWF are 49.62 and 18 MPa, respectively. These values represent the best insulation and mechanical characteristics thus far reported among unidirectional water transport fabrics. Therefore, the 3DOWF has great potential for use in watchbands, backpack belts, insoles, and other functional textiles.
Rheological, Textural, and Digestibility Characteristics of Low Fat Mayonnaise as Affected by the Addition of Sorghum‐Xanthan Gum and Corn‐Xanthan Gum Extrudates (RS3)
Authors: Shaikh Faiza , Ali Tahira Mohsin , Hasnain Abid 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLow‐fat mayonnaise samples are produced using corn (EC) and sorghum (ES) starch extrudates. The resistant starch rich (RS3 ) extrudates are produced by extruding corn and sorghum starch in the presence of xanthan gum at 1% w/w level, i.e., ECX and ESX, respectively. These extrudates are incorporated in low fat mayonnaise at 10% w/w. The EC and ES based mayonnaise, i.e., MC and MS, respectively are treated as control mayonnaise while the ECX and ESX incorporated mayonnaise MCX and MSX, respectively are low‐fat mayonnaises prepared with RS3 starches and hence are compared to control. Rheological characterization of the samples is done using frequency sweep tests, flow curves, and oscillatory tests. The tan θ values obtained through frequency sweep measurements classify mayonnaise samples into weak gels. All the mayonnaise samples best‐fitted the power law model and exhibit thixotropic (time‐dependent), shear‐thinning behavior with thixotropy being higher in MS and MSX. The % recovery and % strain of corn based mayonnaise are found to be higher. The incorporation of ESX extrudates increases the viscosity, improves the firmness and decreases the predicted glycemic index of MSX as compared to MS and MCX while providing a stable emulsion with appropriate rheological, textural, and sensory attributes.
Microalgal‐based remediation of wastewater: A step towards environment protection and management
Authors: Goswami Rahul Kumar , Agrawal Komal , Verma Pradeep 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe widespread problem of water pollution is jeopardizing the ecosystem and our health. The contamination of freshwater through anthropogenic activities and its discharge into the ecosystems leads to the generation of wastewater. Wastewater mainly contains nutrient loads and the recent emerging contaminants such as pharmaceutical wastes, drugs, micropollutants, heavy metals, pesticides, phenolic compounds, and dyes have increased and contaminated the aquatic bodies. The existence of these emerging pollutants can cause serious threats to ecosystems and humans. Thus, conventional wastewater treatment was focused on the removal of solid compounds or nutrient loads. However, it could not remove the emerging contaminants and later microalgae that are photosynthetic eukaryotic microorganisms were found to be an efficient and eco‐friendly source for the remediation of diverse kinds of wastewater. Apart from nutrient removal, the algal biomass acts as the efficient feedstock for the generation of bioenergy products. However, limited data have been published regarding the remediation of emerging pollutants through microalgae. Thus, focusing on the recent gaps, the current review provides an overview of the potential of microalgae for the remediation of nutrient loads. Critically deliberate the recent advances and detailed summary of microalgae potential for the remediation of wastewaters containing high nutrient loads especially focused on the remediation of different emerging contaminants. It highlights the advanced approaches used in the microalgae remediation process and provides comprehensive information about the different bioenergy products such as liquid, gaseous, and bioelectricity generated through the utilization of wastewater‐grown microalgae.
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in a cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus)
Authors: Clayton Ashley , Petite Audrey , Feltrer Rambaud Yedra , Holding Ellen , Hopper Jane 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 10‐year‐old male cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) presented with weight loss, inappetence and weakness. Clinical examination revealed muscle loss, splenomegaly and dehydration. Haematology and biochemistry showed hyperglobulinaemia and marked leukocytosis with eosinophilia and neutrophilia. Urinalysis revealed proteinuria. Following an empirical 7‐day course of clavulanate potentiated amoxicillin, normal appetite and demeanour were observed. One month later, it re‐represented with the same clinical signs. Clinical examination was repeated. Radiographs showed ileocaecocolic junction dilation. Ultrasound examination revealed enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes, splenic nodules and colonic thickening. Fine‐needle aspirates of these organs and bone marrow aspirates showed marked atypical eosinophilic infiltration with haematology showing peripheral eosinophilia. Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome was diagnosed. Treatment with prednisolone was initiated with good compliance, but there was a marked clinical deterioration 2 days later, and euthanasia was elected on welfare grounds.
Structure and magnetic properties of RE4Ni2Mg3 with RE=Y, Tb−Tm and Lu – New representatives of the Ru4B2Al3 type
Authors: Reimann Maximilian Kai , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe intermetallic compounds RE4Ni2Mg3 with RE=Y, Tb−Tm and Lu were synthesized from the elements in sealed tantalum ampules in a high‐frequency furnace and characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction. The RE4Ni2Mg3 phases crystallize with a site occupancy variant of the tetragonal Ru4B2Al3 type structure, space group P4/mmm. The structures of Tm4.21(1)Ni2Mg2.79(1), Lu4.28(1)Ni2Mg2.72(1) and Lu4.41(1)Ni2Mg2.59(1) were refined from single crystal X‐ray diffractometer data. Refinements of the occupancy parameters indicated different degrees of RE/Mg mixing on several Wyckoff positions. The RE4Ni2Mg3 structures are simple intergrowth variants of CsCl and AlB2 related slabs with distorted Ni@RE6 trigonal prisms and Mg@RE8 distorted cubes. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility studies reveal Pauli paramagnetism for Y4Ni2Mg3 and Lu4Ni2Mg3. The compounds with RE=Dy, Ho, Er and Tm are Curie‐Weiss paramagnets that order antiferromagnetically between 17.1(1) (RE=Dy) and 6.0(1) K (RE=Tm). The antiferromagnetic ground states are substantiated by metamagnetic transitions.
Dimensions of Circularity for Healthy Metabolisms and Spaces
Authors: Russo Michelangelo , van Timmeren Arjan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this first chapter of the Book “Regenerative Territories. Dimensions of Circularity for Healthy Metabolisms”, the relation between circularity and space is explored. The main focus is the development over time, and in particular the way how spatial planning and strategies respond to new unpredictable urgencies and opportunities related with territorial metabolisms. In relation to space and time, 5 grand rules are explored as necessary to implement the transition towards Circularity: (1) The Circular Economy paradigm shift requires a socio-ecological perspective and looking beyond boundaries; (2) Circular Economy is based on systems thinking and territorial metabolism; (3) a Circular Economy calls for a renewed approach to the public domain and stakeholder involvement; (4) amplifying the definition of Circular Economy with the inclusion of wastescapes; and (5) Planning the Circular Economy as an open collaborative system. The paradigm shift of contemporary planning towards circularity is aimed to facilitate the capacity of cities to be adaptive and flexible to the speeding up of the biggest changes in the present-day society. Therefore, the relation between the various spatial scales is strictly interlinked to the time scales, as well as to the metabolic processes and Life Cycles of Territories. In this perspective, the “existing city” is a non-negotiable common heritage, the result of a “selective accumulation” of material and immaterial traces produced by the slow and progressive anthropic work in the territory. Contemporary spatial planning looks beyond boundaries. This concerns both the physical boundaries between areas or countries, both the boundaries of the various scale levels of solutions, of the interrelated networks, of the public space and, particularly, of their reciprocity. It induces the scrutinization of the underlying social needs and the finding of instruments that allow the spatial planning and renewed infrastructure to fit the changing social objectives such as sustainability and liveability. The territory of the Circular Economy is the city, as a complex and multidimensional organism. However, the most problematic field for experimenting with “circular planning” is the peri-urban territory consisting of urbanized areas, crossed by differentiated phenomena of settlement expansion beyond the limits of the countryside, which identifies rural and open space, traditionally coinciding with the limits of the city. A circular planning for the regeneration of the peri-urban identifies the waste spaces, the decay of the territory, the obsolescence and end of life of buildings, functions and urban parts now inadequate, namely wasted landscapes (wastescapes). The latter are both the result of metabolic transformations of the territory and generator of prospects and potential for rebalancing the material welfare of the city.
Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: Jacoby Elad , Gökbuget Nicola , Nagler Arnon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractALL is a malignancy of lymphoid progenitor cells, with a bimodal incidence, peaking in early childhood and in older age. In children, ALL tends to have an excellent prognosis, with more than 85% of patients achieving long-term survival. The outcome of younger adults has improved considerably as well. However, overall survival decreases with age (Dores et al. 2012), partially due to the different genetic background of adult ALL, with a higher proportion of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) ALL and Ph-like and KMT2A rearrangements in comparison to childhood ALL (Iacobucci and Mullighan 2017). The introduction of paediatric-inspired regimens has improved outcomes in adults, but these regimens are less tolerated in older patients (Curran and Stock 2015).
Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Milpied Noel , Dreyling Martin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMantle cell lymphoma is a distinct lymphoma subtype with a widely varying clinical course. Established high-risk biological factors include blastoid cytomorphology, high cell proliferation (Ki-67 > 67%), and p53 mutations (Aukema et al. 2018). While current first-line approaches are still chemotherapy-based, BTK inhibitors are the preferred targeted approach, especially in early relapse cases (POD24) (Dreyling et al. 2017; Visco et al. 2021). However, cases of relapse/progression under BTK inhibitors display extremely aggressive features with a dismal outcome after conventional regimens (Martin et al. 2016).