bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Intranasal Influenza Vector-Based Vaccine TB/FLU-04L
Against Tuberculosis: Preclinical Safety Studies
Authors: Buzitskaya Zhanna , Stosman Kira , Khairullin Berik , Kassenov Marhabat , Nurpeisova Ainur , Abylai Sansyzbay A. , Shurygina Anna-Polina , Aleksandrov Andrey , Sivak Konstantin , Stukova Marina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA recombinant vector vaccine TB/FLU-04L for the prevention of
tuberculosis was developed in RIBSP CS MES RK and SRII. The vaccine is based on
the attenuated influenza strain Flu NS106/ESAT-6_Ag85A
expressing mycobacterial antigens Esat-6 and Ag85A. This research aimed to
conduct pre-clinical safety studies of the vaccine as one of the basic and
mandatory stages in the development and introduction of immunobiological
preparations. The studies were performed at the research centers of the Republic
of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation.The experiment was conducted on ferrets, monkeys, and rabbits. The
TB/FLU-04L vaccine was administered intranasally (7.5 lg
TCID50/animal). The clinical signs, body weight,
temperature, hematological parameters, and local irritant effects were monitored
throughout the study. The results of the study demonstrated the safety of the
TB/FLU-04L intranasal vector vaccine against tuberculosis since its
administration in laboratory animals led to no adverse effects in any of the
monitored parameters. No influenza A virus particles were isolated from samples
of nasal washes.
Retinoblastoma Outcomes in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Luzon, The Philippines: A 15-Year Experience
Authors: Tan Roland Joseph D. , Ballesteros Kathleen Faye B. 
Published: March 2022

Objective To describe the demographics, clinical profile, and outcomes of retinoblastoma patients seen in a tertiary hospital in northern Luzon.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of retinoblastoma patients at the departments of ophthalmology and pediatrics of a tertiary hospital in northern Luzon from 2005 to 2020.
Results A total of 47 patients involving 53 eyes were included. Twenty nine (62%) are male and forty one (87%) had unilateral retinoblastoma. Mean age at consult was 24 ± 17 months, and mean interval from onset of symptoms to consult was 10 ± 11 months. Two (4%) had family history of retinoblastoma. Twenty-two (47%) patients had intraocular involvement. Leukocoria was the most common presenting symptoms at 62%. Overall survival was 53% with mean follow-up period of 24 ± 24 months. Difference in survival rates based on the extent of involvement was statistically significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusion This is the first study that provided data on demographics, clinical profile, and outcomes of retinoblastoma patients in northern Luzon and the only study with data on clinical outcomes of retinoblastoma patients in The Philippines. Extraocular involvement is a significant factor in the low survival of retinoblastoma patients despite improvement in its management.
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Metastasis in Gallbladder Cancer: As Bad as Distant Metastasis
Authors: Ghosh Nalini Kanta , Rahul Rahul , Singh Ashish , Sharma Supriya , Kumar Ashok , Singh Rajneesh Kumar , Behari Anu , Kumar Ashok , Kapoor Vinay Kumar , Saxena Rajan 
Published: March 2022

Background Regarding gallbladder cancer (GBC) there is conflicting evidence in the literature whether retroperitoneal lymph nodal metastases (RLNM) should be considered as regional nodal metastasis or as distant metastasis (DM) and the jury is out on radical curative surgery in presence of RLNM. This is an analysis of GBC patients, to see the effect of RLNM on survival and to compare with that of patients with DMs.
Methods A retrospective analysis of a prospective database of patients of GBC with RLNM (interaortocaval and paraaortic) or DM on frozen section biopsy at surgery, between January 2013 and December 2018. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (version 22.0). Survival in these two groups (RLNM and DM) was compared with log-rank test. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results A total of 235 patients with ostensibly resectable GBC underwent surgical exploration. The planned curative resection was abandoned in 91 (39%) patients because of RLNM (n = 20, 9%) or DM (n = 71, 30%) on frozen section biopsy. Demographic profile and blood parameters were similar. The median survival for RLNM and DM groups were 5 (range 2–26) and 6 (range 2–24) months, respectively, with no significant difference on log-rank test (p = 0.64). There was no 3-year or longer survivor in either group.
Conclusion Due to similar poor survival in presence of RLNM or DM, RLNM should be considered as the equivalent of DM. This study strengthens evidence to avoid curative surgery in patients with RLNM. These lymph nodes should be sampled preoperatively, if suspicious on imaging, for fine-needle aspiration cytology and at surgery, as a routine for frozen section histological examination before initiating curative resection to avert a futile exercise.
A Case of Severe Aeromonas Bacteremia with Necrotizing Fasciitis of Lower Limb and Fournier's Gangrene in a Post-Allogenic Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient
Authors: Das Bikram , Ghafur Abdul , S. Jeyasankar , Easow Jose M. 
Published: March 2022

Background Aeromonas is a water-dwelling Gram-negative bacillus primarily associated with gastrointestinal tract diseases. Aeromonas sobria causing gastroenteritis has been reported in India. In immunocompromised host, Aeromonas sobria can also present with severe necrotizing skin and soft tissue infection with a high mortality rate. We report a case of Aeromonas sobria sepsis with skin and soft tissue infection in the background of immunosuppression.
Case Presentation Fifty-year-old male who underwent an unrelated donor peripheral stem cell transplant for relapsed pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia in complete clinical remission on graft versus host disease prophylaxis, post-white blood cell engraftment presented with acute onset lethargy, lower limb pain without fever, or any skin changes initially. He rapidly worsened clinically over few days and developed sepsis, multiorgan dysfunction with the appearance of erythema and blister over the lower limb, and Fournier's gangrene of scrotum. He was found to have Aeromonas sobria bacteremia with isolated resistance to carbapenems while sensitive to all other classes of antibiotics. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy and supportive measures, he succumbed to death for this invasive bacterial disease.
Conclusion Aeromonas should be considered a cause of sepsis in immunosuppressed hosts, especially those with hematological malignancy presenting with necrotizing skin and soft tissue infection. Considering the virulence of this pathogen, despite the very susceptible antibiogram, such patients must be managed aggressively. Early recognition of the disease with a combination of medical and surgical management might help to improve the outcome.
Profile and Clinical Outcome of Children with Wilms' Tumor treated at a Tertiary Care Centre, India
Authors: Singh Pritanjali , Singh Dharmendra , Kumar Bindey , Kumar Prem , Bhadani Punam Prasad 
Published: March 2022

Background Wilms' tumor (WT) is the most common kidney tumor of the pediatric age group. The outcome of WT has improved due to the evolution of the treatment approach. A prospective observational study was conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, to analyze the clinical profile along with the response and outcome to neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) protocol.
Materials and Methods In total, 28 patients of WT visited the radiotherapy department from January 2015 to December 2019.
Results Gender distribution showed male preponderance with a median age at diagnosis was 31 months. The abdominal lump was the dominant clinical presentation. The median volume of tumor at diagnosis was 359.48 mL (52.67–1805.76). Radiological staging workup shows that stage I, II, III, IV, and V were 7.1%, 39.3%, 39.3%, 10.7%, and 3.6% respectively. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) was received by all patients. Also, 71.4% of patients showed > 50% of tumor volume reduction, while 28.6% of patients showed < 50% of tumor mass reduction. There was a statistically significant decrease in the tumor volume reduction following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant stage down (p = 0.018) of the disease. Bivariate correlation studies showed recurrence was correlating statistically significantly with age < 24 months (p = 0.049), locoregional lymph nodes (p = 0.008), histopathological subtypes (p < 0.001), stage of the disease (p = 0.003), and risk groups (p < 0.001). In addition, 25% of patients developed recurrence during the median follow-up of 25 months. The median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were not reached. The mean DFS and OS were 48 and 59.13 months, respectively. One- and 3-year DFS were 100% and 64.1%, respectively. One- and 3-year OS were 100% and 75% respectively.
Conclusion Our study suggests that most of the patients presented at an advanced stage, thus rendering most of the cases difficult to undergo surgery at presentation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery may be considered a well-balanced approach with a comparable response and survival outcomes.
Exploring the determinants of global vaccination campaigns to combat COVID-19
Authors: Yin Fulian , Ji Meiqi , Yang Zhongliang , Wu Zhaoliang , Xia Xinyu , Xing Tongtong , She Yuwei , Hu Zhiwen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, global vaccine campaigns are a mass vaccination intervention conducted through routine service provision for individuals who have reached a specified age. However, obtaining a high uptake rate to reach herd immunity may be undermined by various social motivations. To scrutinize the practical and dynamic strategies for a successful vaccination campaign, we map out the determinants that exacerbate vaccine hesitancy by leveraging the capacity of rich metadata from Twitter. Here, we uncover the collective propensities underlying dynamic social motivations and the uneven distribution of vaccines across the globe. Our findings suggest that profiling the status quo of public perceptions and engaging in introspection about vaccine-promoting policies in due course are integral components of preparedness against the ongoing pandemic. Simultaneously, we propose several recommendations to remind governments of the importance of building confidence in vaccination in a targeted way, and we assert that national barriers should be abandoned and that international responsibility should be assumed.
Co-producing the science–policy interface: towards common but differentiated responsibilities
Authors: Maas Timo Y. , Pauwelussen Annet , Turnhout Esther 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFormulating adequate responses to pressing socio-ecological challenges requires effective and legitimate knowledge production and use. The academic debate has gradually shifted from a linear model of science–policy relations towards co-productive alternatives. Yet, in practice, the linear model remains lingering. This paper uses a case study of a collaboration between a Dutch research institute and a ministerial department to examine how and why this linear model is so persistent. Our analysis shows the dominance of the linear model in this collaboration, while openings for a more co-productive relationship remain largely unexplored. Our findings illustrate that an important reason for this persistence of the linear model is the lack of a convincing and attractive alternative imaginary of science–policy practices, which defines clear roles and competencies for researchers as well as policy actors involved. We argue this is symptomatic of a wider tendency among both researchers and policy actors to construct science as an obligatory passage point towards policy. However, this tendency not only enables policy actors to offload their responsibility but also fails to capitalise on the opportunities offered by these practices to explicate the politics embedded in and foregrounded by knowledge production. Such an engagement with the politics of knowledge by experts as well as policymakers can encourage more effective and legitimate knowledge production and use.
Communication competencies, culture and SDGs: effective processes to cross-cultural communication
Authors: Aririguzoh Stella 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlobalization has made it necessary for people from different cultures and nations to interact and work together. Effective cross-cultural communication seeks to change how messages are packaged and sent to people from diverse cultural backgrounds. Cross-cultural communication competencies make it crucial to appreciate and respect noticeable cultural differences between senders and receivers of information, especially in line with the United Nations’ (UN) recognition of culture as an agent of sustainable development. Miscommunication and misunderstanding can result from poorly encrypted messages that the receiver may not correctly interpret. A culture-literate communicator can reduce miscommunication arising from a low appreciation of cultural differences so that a clement communication environment is created and sustained. This paper looks at the United Nations’ recognition of culture and how cultural differences shape interpersonal communication. It then proposes strategies to enhance cross-cultural communication at every communication step. It advocates that for the senders and receivers of messages to improve communication efficiency, they must be culture and media literates.
Agronomic biofortification and productivity of wheat with soil zinc and diazotrophic bacteria in tropical savannah
Authors: Jalal Arshad , Oliveira Carlos Eduardo da Silva , Freitas Leandro Alves , Galindo Fernando Shintate , Lima Bruno Horschut , Boleta Eduardo Henrique Marcandalli , da Silva Edson Cabral , Nascimento Vagner do , Nogueira Thiago Assis Rodrigues , Buzetti Salatiér , Teixeira Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto 
Published: March 2022

Agronomic biofortification of staple food with zinc (Zn) in combination with diazotrophic bacteria is one sustainable and feasible strategy to improve plant nutrition, nutrient use efficiency and production and combat Zn malnutrition in human beings. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple food of the global population and has a prospective role in agronomic Zn biofortification. In this context, the effect of diazotrophic bacterial inoculations in seeds (no inoculation – Control, Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens) in association with soil Zn application (without (0) and 8 kg/ha) was evaluated on Zn nutrition, growth, yield and Zn use efficiencies in wheat in the 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons. Soil Zn application in combination with P. fluorescens improved Zn concentration in the leaf (38.8 and 45.9%), shoot (25.0 and 31%) and grain (34.0 and 33.3%) with greater shoot dry matter (9.4 and 9.9%) and grain yield (20.3 and 20.6%) as compared to controls in 2019 and 2020 respectively. Also, inoculation of P. fluorescens with Zn application improved Zn shoot and grain accumulation, zinc use efficiency, recovery and utilisation efficiency. With daily wheat consumption, these improvements would be associated with a with higher estimated Zn intake for the human population globally and within Brazil. However, agro-physiological efficiency was increased with inoculation of Bacillus subtilis. Therefore, inoculation of P. fluorescens in association with soil Zn application is recommended for agronomic biofortification, and to increase productivity and Zn use efficiencies in wheat in the tropical savannah of Brazil.
Trauma Outcomes in Nonfatal Road Traffic Accidents: A Portuguese Medico-Legal Approach
Authors: Cunha-Diniz Flávia , Taveira-Gomes Tiago , Teixeira José Manuel , Magalhães Teresa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of nonfatal road traffic accidents by the victims’ age group and sex. We used the Portuguese medico-legal rules for personal injury assessment, in the scope of the Civil Law in that country, which includes a three-dimensional methodology. This was a retrospective study including 667 victims of road traffic accidents aged 3–94 years old. Their final medico-legal reports all used the Portuguese methodology for personal injury assessment. Outcomes were analysed by the victims’ age group (children, working-age adults, and older people) and sex. Road traffic accidents were generally serious (ISS mean 9.5), with higher severity in children and older people. The most frequent body sequelae were musculoskeletal (64.8%), which were associated with functional and situational outcomes. Temporary damage resulted in an average length of impairment of daily life of 199.6 days, 171.7 days to return to work, and an average degree of quantum doloris (noneconomic damage related to physical and psychological harm) of 3.7/7. The average permanent damage was 7.3/100 points for Permanent Functional Deficit, 0.43/3 for Permanent Professional Repercussion, 2/7 for Permanent Aesthetic Damage, 3.9/7 for Permanent Repercussion on Sexual Activity and 3.2/7 for Permanent Repercussion on Sport and Leisure Activities. Overall, 19% of people became permanently dependent (10.6% needed third-party assistance). The medico-legal methodology used, considering victims’ real-life situation, allows a comprehensive assessment. There were several significant differences among the three age groups but none between sexes. These differences and the impact of the more severe cases justify further detailed medico-legal studies in these specific situations on children, older people, and severely injured victims. Key PointsThis was a retrospective study of accident mechanisms and injury outcomes in Portugal, and considered the outcomes in the victims’ real-life situation.Lesions from road traffic accidents were generally serious, with higher severity among children and older people.The most frequent sequels were musculoskeletal, and associated with functional and situational outcomes.Both temporary and permanent outcomes had repercussions for the victims.There were significant differences between children, working-age adults and older people, but none between sexes.
Impurity effects on binding energy, diamagnetic susceptibility and photoionization cross-section of chalcopyrite AgInSe2 nanotadpole
Authors: Mantashian Grigor A , Hayrapetyan David B 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recently the interest in chalcopyrite semiconductor nanostructures has increased because of their non-toxicity and their wide direct bandgap. Likewise, structures with non-trivial geometry are particularly interesting because of their electronic, optical, and magnetic properties. In the current article, the finite element method was used in conjunction with the effective mass approximation to theoretically investigate the properties of a chalcopyrite AgInSe2 nanotadpole in the presence of an hydrogen like shallow off-center impurity. The morphology of the nanotadpole gives it excellent hydrodynamic properties and is ideal for a wide range of applications. The probability densities for various impurity positions and energy levels were obtained. The results suggested a strong dependence of the behavior of the electron on the impurity positions and the orientation of the wave function. The investigation of the nanotadpole’s energy spectra and their comparison with the cylindrical and spherical quantum dots suggest that the spectrum has degenerate states similar to the spherical case, however at some ranges, the levels behave similarly to the cylindrical case. The binding energy’s dependence on the nanotadpole’s size and the impurity position was obtained. The dependence of the diamagnetic susceptibility on the impurity position was calculated. An extensive investigation of the photoionization cross-section was carried out for the ground and the first two excited states as the initial states and the first twenty excited states as the final states.
Changes of the linear energy transfer (LET) and beam width of therapeutic carbon ion beam in density heterogeneous phantoms
Authors: Yang Shiyan , Zhao Jingfang , Zhuo Weihai , Shen Hao , Chen Bo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This work aims to investigate the changes in the linear energy transfer (LET) spectra distribution and the beam spot width of a therapeutic carbon ion beam in density heterogeneous phantoms. Three different heterogeneous phantoms were fabricated using a combination of solid water, lung, and bone tissue slabs and irradiated by a single energy carbon beam (276.5 MeV u−1). CR-39 detectors were used for experimental measurements and the Monte Carlo toolkit Geant4 was employed for theoretical simulations. The results demonstrated that the measured LET spectra agree well with the simulation results. The lung and bone tissues displayed no obvious effect on the spectral distribution of LET. The dose-average LET was invariant and showed no obvious difference in the different materials, while the track-average LET increased in the lung and decreased in the bone materials. Similarly, the beam spot size increased in the lung, and decreased in the bone materials. Additionally, the fluence of the secondary fragments varied in different tissues. These findings are expected to provide cross-validation data for the quality assurance of carbon ion therapy and to be beneficial for validating the base data in treatment planning systems.
A time-frequency sparse strategy based on optimal flux atom and scale lp approximation operator
Authors: Han Changkun , Lu Wei , Wang Pengxin , Song Liuyang , Wang Huaqing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Periodic impulse features caused by damage to rotating mechanical components are often overwhelmed by redundant components, which seriously affect the fault detection and diagnosis of equipment. Therefore, the time-frequency sparse (TFS) strategy based on optimal flux atom (OFA) and scale lp approximation operator (lp-AO) is proposed to extract periodic fault features. The OFA is determined by short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and correlation analysis of the signals. The convolutional coefficients are obtained by one-dimensional convolutional denoising based on the OFA. The convolution coefficients retain the main timing features of the signal. The scale lp-AO sparse model extracts the main frequency features of the convolutional coefficients in the frequency domain. The solution of the lp-AO sparse model relies on the iterative reweighed least squares algorithm. The effectiveness of the TFS is demonstrated by the analysis of simulated and several experimental signals. The two methods of fast spectral kurtosis and lq
sparse model are used as comparisons. The TFS is demonstrated to be more effective for extracting periodic fault features.
Searching systematics for nonfactorizable contributions to

and

hadronic decays
Authors: Kaur Maninder , Singh Supreet Pal , Verma R. C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The two-body weak decays

/

and

are examined using isospin analysis to study nonfactorizable contributions. After determining strong interaction phases and obtaining factorizable contributions from spectator-quark diagrams for N

c
=3, we determine nonfactorizable isospin amplitudes from the experimental data for these modes. Our results support the universality of the ratio of nonfactorizable isospin reduced amplitudes for these decays within experimental errors. To demonstrate that these systematics are not coincidental, we also plot our results w. r. t. this ratio.