bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin, production and molecular determinants of macrophages for their therapeutic targeting
Authors: Chowdhury Sangita , Trivedi Arun K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMacrophages, the most heterogeneous cells of the hematopoietic system and the giant eaters of the immune system that present either as tissue‐resident cells or infiltrated immune cells, eliminate foreign pathogens and microbes and also play different physiological roles to maintain the body's immune response. In this review, we basically provide a broad overview of macrophages from their origin, functional diversity to M1‐M2 polarization, specialized markers, and their role as important therapeutic targets in different diseases based on the current research and evidence. Apart from this, we have precisely discussed about tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) and their role in tumor progression and newly discovered lesser‐known markers of TAMs that could be used as potential therapeutic targets to treat life‐threatening diseases. It is really very important to understand the diversity of macrophages to develop TAM‐modulating strategies to activate our own immune system against diseases and to overcome immune resistance.
The effect of mesenchymal stem cells and imatinib on macrophage polarization in rat model of liver fibrosis
Authors: Malmir Ali , Farivar Shirin , Rezaei Ramazan , Tokhanbigli Samaneh , Hatami Behzad , Mazhari Sogol , Baghaei Kaveh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLiver fibrosis is a disorder in which inflammatory reactions play an important role, and central to the progression and pathogenesis of this disease are the immune‐specific cells known as macrophages. Macrophage types are distinguished from each other by the expression of a series of surface markers. STAT6 and Arg1 play an important role in the polarization of macrophages, so these two factors are downstream of interleukin 4 (IL‐4) and IL‐13 cytokines and cause to differentiate M2. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the independent effects of imatinib and mesenchymal cell treatment on the polarization of macrophages in rat models of liver fibrosis. The liver fibrosis was induced by the injection of CCL4 for 6 weeks in Sprague–Dawley rats. Then, rats were divided into four different groups, and the effects of imatinib and mesenchymal cells on the expression of Arg1, Ly6c, and STAT6 were evaluated. Histopathology experiments considered the amelioration effect of treatments. Our results showed that Arg1 expression was significantly increased in the groups treated with mesenchymal cells and imatinib compared to the control group. On the other hand, expression of STAT6 was significantly increased in the imatinib‐treated mice compared to mesenchymal and control groups. Moreover, the expression of LY6C significantly decreased in imatinib and mesenchymal treated groups compared to the control group. Therefore, our data showed that mesenchymal stem cells and imatinib significantly modulate the fibrotic process in rat models of fibrosis, probably by polarizing macrophages towards an anti‐inflammatory profile and increasing the frequency of these cells in liver tissue.
Retinoic acid receptor gamma is required for proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Ji Kaiyuan , Dou Wenlong , Zhang Ningfang , Wen Bolun , Zhong Mingyan , Zhang Qianbing , Xu Shuxiang , Zhou Jianlong , Liu Jingfeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite the expectation that retinoic acid receptor could be the potential therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancers, there has been the lack of information about the role and the impact of retinoic acid receptor gamma (RARγ, RARG) on pancreatic cancer, unlike other two RARs. Herein, we applied TCGA and GEO database to show that the expression and prognosis of RARG is closely related to pancreatic cancer, which demonstrates that RARG is commonly overexpressed in human pancreatic cancer and is an independent diagnostic marker predicting the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. In addition, we demonstrated that the reduction in the expression of RARG in human pancreatic cancer cells dramatically suppress their proliferation and tumor growth in vivo, partially attributable to the downregulation of tumor‐supporting biological processes such as cell proliferation, antiapoptosis and metabolism and the decreased expression of various oncogenes like MYC and STAT3. Mechanistically, RARG binds on the promoters of MYC, STAT3, and SLC2A1 which is distinguished from well‐known conventional Retinotic acid response elements (RAREs) and that the binding is likely to be responsible for the epigenetic activation in the level of chromatin, assessed by the measurement of deposition of the gene activation marker histone H3 K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) using ChIP‐qPCR. In this study, we reveal that RARG plays important role in the tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer and represents new therapeutic targets for human pancreatic cancer.
Diagnostic ultrasound‐mediated microbubble cavitation dose‐dependently improves diabetic cardiomyopathy through angiogenesis
Authors: Zhou Nan‐Qian , Song Yu‐Ting , Liu Wei‐Zhen , Yue Rui‐Zhu , Tian Xin‐Qiao , Yang Shi‐Chang , Yin Ya‐Ling , Li Peng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUltrasound‐mediated microbubble cavitation (UMMC) induces therapeutic angiogenesis to treat ischemic diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether diagnostic UMMC alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and, if so, through which mechanisms. DCM model was established by injecting streptozocin into rats to induce hyperglycemia, followed by a high‐fat diet. The combined therapy of cation microbubble with low‐intensity diagnostic ultrasound (frequency = 4 MHz), with a pulse frequency of 20 Hz and pulse length (PL) of 8, 18, 26, or 36 cycles, was given to rats twice a week for 8 consecutive weeks. Diagnostic UMMC therapy with PL at 8, 18, and 26 cycles, but not 36 cycles, dramatically prevented myocardial fibrosis, improved heart functions, and increased angiogenesis, accompanied by increased levels of PI3K, Akt, and eNOS proteins in the DCM model of rats. In cultured endothelial cells, low‐intensity UMMC treatment (PL = 3 cycles, sound pressure level = 50%, mechanical index = 0.82) increased cell viability and activated PI3K‐Akt‐eNOS signaling. The combination of diagnostic ultrasound with microbubble destruction dose‐dependently promoted angiogenesis, thus improving heart function through PI3K‐Akt‐eNOS signaling in diabetes. Accordingly, diagnostic UMMC therapy should be considered to protect the heart in patients with diabetes.
The diagnostic and prognostic value of pseudogene SIGLEC17P in lung adenocarcinoma and a preliminary functional study
Authors: Shen Xiuqing , Zeng Yanfen , Yang Caihong , Jiang Lili , Chen Shaoting , Chen Falin , Cao Pengju 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAmong malignant tumors, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study explored the diagnostic, prognostic value, and preliminary functional verification of sialic acid binding Ig like lectin 17, pseudogene (SIGLEC17P) in LUAD. Prognostic lncRNAs for LUAD were identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas and quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was used to detect the expression of SIGLEC17P in LUAD and paracarcinoma tissues. Subsequently, lentiviral vectors were used to overexpress SIGLEC17P in A549 and H1299 cells. The effects of SIGLEC17P overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of LUAD cells (A549 and H1299) were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit‐8, wound healing, and transwell migration assays, respectively. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to reveal the potential pathways in which SIGLEC17P is involved in LUAD. qRT‐PCR results revealed low SIGLEC17P expression in LUAD tissues and a significant association with the N stage, T stage, and tumor node metastasis stage. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated a reliable diagnostic value. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells were inhibited by overexpression of SIGLEC17P. Bioinformatics analyses suggested that SIGLEC17P might exert antioncogenic effects in LUAD through the mir‐20‐3p/ADH1B or mir‐4476‐5p/DPYSL axis. In summary, our results revealed that SIGLEC17P acts as a prognostic biomarker, independent prognostic factor, and potential therapeutic target for patients with LUAD.
HELQ suppresses migration and proliferation of non‐small cell lung cancer cells by repairing DNA damage and inducing necrosis
Authors: Zhong Nan Shan , Tong Wei Lai , Zhang Yu , Xiao Shi Ning , Liu Jia Ming , Li An An , Yao Ge Liang , Lin Qing , Liu Zhi Li 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHELQ plays a key role in DNA damage response and cell‐cycle checkpoint regulation. It has been implicated in ovarian and pituitary tumors and may play a role in germ cell maintenance. This study investigated the role of HELQ in lung cancer. The expression of HELQ in patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was downregulated compared with normal human lungs. Clinical prognostic analysis of Kaplan–Meier plots revealed that patients with NSCLC with low HELQ levels had a reduced overall survival. Further, we found that HELQ depletion enhanced lung cancer cell malignancy. Furthermore, overexpression of HELQ in lung cancer cells reduced cell migration in vitro, while DNA damage repair was inhibited. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that HELQ induces cell death. Mechanistically, we found that cells overexpressing HELQ showed a tendency to induce necrosis. After analyzing the database of HELQ interactors. we found that RIPK3 may interact with it and proved this conclusion by immunoprecipitation. Our findings identified the tumor suppressive role of HELQ in malignant human lung cancer and unraveled a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment through HELQ activation. Moreover, HELQ may also be a predictive biomarker for the clinical predisposition, progression, and prognosis of lung cancer.
Initial experience with a continuous mechanical aspiration system for thrombus removal before percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Mathews S. Jay , Brown Christopher L. , Kolski Brian C. , Marques Vasco M. , Huynh Andrew , Dohad Suhail Y. , George Jon C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesHere we investigate the safety and efficacy of a continuous mechanical aspiration system when used before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).BackgroundHistorically, trials of routine manual aspiration thrombectomy in ACS patients have reported mixed results. This may be due to the technical limitations of manual aspiration, which suffers from decreasing vacuum power as aspiration is performed.MethodsThis is a retrospective case series of all patients treated with continuous mechanical aspiration (Indigo CAT RX Aspiration System; Penumbra Inc.) before PCI between August 2017 and July 2020 at five centers in the United States. Data regarding angiographic assessments, procedure, and safety were examined.ResultsSeventy‐two patients (mean age 60 ± 12.5 years, 34.7% female) with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) (80.6%) or Non‐ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) (19.4%) were included. Target vessels were the right coronary (43.1%), left anterior descending (33.3%), and left circumflex (23.6%). Preprocedure, 94.4% had a high thrombus burden (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction [TIMI] thrombus grade ≥ 3). Median aspiration time was 35 s and median access‐to‐reperfusion time was 10 min. After CAT RX alone, 86.1% had complete perfusion (TIMI flow grade 3). After the procedure, 94.4% had TIMI thrombus grade <3% and 97.2% had TIMI flow grade 3. There were no cases of ischemic stroke. Cardiovascular mortality at 30 days was 1.4%.ConclusionsIn our initial experience, aspirating thrombus from ACS patients using the Indigo CAT RX Aspiration System before PCI was safe and effective for reducing thrombus burden and restoring flow.
Reducing use of triple therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention: Results from a hospital‐wide quality improvement initiative
Authors: Earle William , Abdallah George , Meagher Sean , Shen Kaden , Gibson C. Michael , Ho Kalon K. L. , Secemsky Eric A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundTrials have shown that for patients on oral anticoagulants (OAC), a short course of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with OAC reduces post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) bleeding without increasing ischemic events. Adoption of this strategy has been variable. We evaluated the impact of an institutional quality improvement (QI) initiative to reduce the use of triple therapy (TT, OAC + DAPT) and improve discharge communication post‐PCI.MethodsA hospital‐wide QI initiative was developed to minimize time on TT post‐PCI. Interventions included institutional guidelines emphasizing discharge on OAC with a P2Y12 inhibitor or reducing TT duration to ≤30 days, changes to the computerized decision‐support system, and an educational curriculum for house staff. PCI patients 18 months before and after the initiative (2017–2020) were reviewed along with a faculty survey assessing prescribing practices to evaluate the efficacy of the interventions.ResultsAmong 2797 PCIs reviewed, 431 were included based on OAC at discharge: 24.9% female, 80.1% White, and the mean age was 74 years. The most common indications for OAC were atrial fibrillation (70.1%) and left ventricular dysfunction (11.4%). Mean duration of TT decreased (58.7–37.8 days, p = 0.02) and patients discharged on TT ≤ 30 days increased (24%–37%, p = 0.019) after intervention. Of surveyed faculty (n = 20), 75.0% reported familiarity with the guidelines and 57.9% reported using them to make therapy decisions.ConclusionsFollowing the implementation of a QI initiative, fewer patients were discharged on TT and shorter durations of TT were used. Similar initiatives should be considered at institutions with the prevalent use of TT post‐PCI.
Computational analysis of citric acid pertraction in emulsion liquid membranes
Authors: Ghanbari Saeed , Golmohammadi Morteza , Gostick Jeff 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCitric acid is one of the most widely used acids in industry, and its recovery from waste streams is critical. Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) is one of the most effective recovery methods that has been investigated in recent years. Numerous transport phenomena parameters affect the efficiency of this process. From the process equipment design point of view, optimization based on overall cost is of great importance, and important equipment sizing decisions/constraints must be considered. A physics‐based model for a full‐scale simulation of ELM systems is very useful. This work is focused on developing and verifying such a model. A coupled particle/mixture simulation was carried out in this work, and the modelling results were fitted on the experimental data. The novelty of this modelling work is physics‐based results based on the system's geometry and its effects on the mass transfer resistances. Since the model is physics‐based, the model is capable of simulating similar systems with any geometry or experimental conditions.
Established and emerging roles for ultrasound enhancing agents (contrast echocardiography)
Authors: Cotter Bruno , Raisinghani Ajit , DeMaria Anthony N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe ability to opacify the left ventricle and delineate the endocardium after intravenous injection of microbubble ultrasound enhancing agents is of established value to quantify volumes and function in suboptimal unenhanced images, particularly in stress echocardiograms. However, applications other than quantitation of left ventricle structure and function exist for contrast enhanced left ventricular opacification. Contrast agents enable recording of Doppler velocity signals in patients with poor ultrasound transmission, providing estimates of aortic stenosis gradient and pulmonary artery pressures. Contrast echo is of value in detecting apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and accompanying apical aneurysms. Most importantly, ultrasound enhancing agents can identify apical and left atrial masses when they cannot be visualized in unenhanced images, and can distinguish thrombi from tumors by visualizing the vascularity inherent in tumors. Contrast agents distinguish trabecular from compacted myocardium in noncompaction syndrome, and hypertrabeculation with other abnormal conditions. A major potential application of ultrasound enhancing agents is myocardial opacification, which can assist in identifying nonviable myocardium. Also, the delayed reappearance of myocardial perfusion after microbubble destruction identifies impaired contrary flow and can diagnose coronary stenosis. Innovative applications of ultrasound contrast agents currently under investigation, include visualizing the vaso vasorum to identify plaques and assess their vulnerability, and theranostic agents to deliver drugs and biologists and to assist in sonothrombolysis. It is anticipated that the role of ultrasound contrast agents will continue to increase in the future.
Oncology biosimilars: New developments and future directions
Authors: Bachu Rinda Devi , Abou‐Dahech Mariam , Balaji Swapnaa , Boddu Sai H. S. , Amos Samson , Singh Vishal , Babu R. Jayachandra , Tiwari Amit K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBiologicals have become an integral part of cancer treatment both as therapeutic agents and as supportive care agents. It is important to know that biologics are large, complex molecular entities requiring extensive immunogenicity testing and pharmacovigilance strategies to ensure no immune response is evoked in the body. Oncology's pharmacological market is dominated by biologics; however, their high development and manufacturing costs are burdensome to health care systems. Biologics being the most expensive prescription drugs on the market limit the accessibility for necessary treatment in the case of many patients. As biologics patents expire, the development of biosimilars is underway in an effort to lower costs and enable patients to access new cancer therapies. Regulatory guidelines for biosimilars have now been established and are constantly being revised to address any issues, facilitating their robust development. Moreover, many scientific societies offer guidance to help stakeholders better understand current regulations and biosimilar's safety. Despite the potential cost benefits, lack of knowledge about biosimilars, and the possibility of immunogenicity have created an uncertain environment for healthcare professionals and patients. In this review, we provide an overview of relevant legislation and regulations, pharmacoeconomics, and stakeholder perceptions regarding biosimilars. The article also describes biosimilars in development, as well as the ones currently available on the market.
Minding the gap‐relating disclosure to contexts of sustainability reporting in the automotive industry
Authors: Rhoden Imke , Ball Christopher Stephen , Vögele Stefan , Kuckshinrichs Wilhelm 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSustainability is a major issue in the automotive sector and players are at different points in their transition. Adopting a multi‐method approach, we identify the positioning of automotive manufacturers in relation to sustainability, highlighting the main foci of their sustainability strategies. This is achieved using a topic model based on automated language processing. Subsequently, we use a Seemingly Unrelated Regression model, applied to manufacturers' operational data, to establish the degree of alignment between sustainability strategies and operations. Results show that sustainability in the automotive sector is highly differentiated and manufacturers emphasize diverging topics in their communication strategy and have different production practices. In relation to sustainability reporting, we identify certain operational variables, which are significantly related with certain dominant sustainability narratives.
Towards preparing teachers for guiding inter‐affective learning experiences in a higher vocational education curriculum
Authors: den Heijer Pamela , Zondervan Ton , van Kan Carlos , Voogt Joke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLearning to become aware of one's own values to be able to cope with value conflicts is an important part of a higher vocational education curriculum. Higher vocational education teachers are used to offering cognitive learning experiences to students to teach them how to deal with value conflicts, disregarding the affective aspect of values. In this qualitative study, we argue that inter‐affective learning experiences are needed to encourage students to deal with value conflicts through affective involvement. We had two research questions: (1) How do teachers and students reflect on an inter‐affective learning experience that aims to promote interactive affective sharing of a value conflict? and (2) What should characterize guidance for inter‐affective learning experiences aimed at promoting interactive affective sharing of a value conflict? The research was carried out at a Dutch University of Applied Science offering higher vocational education programs. Four groups of teachers and two groups of students participated in an inter‐affective learning experience about a value conflict, followed by a focus group discussion on the experience with group members. Teachers and students agreed that they need support in learning to sense their own experience of inner feelings. The reflections led to recommendations for guiding students' inter‐affective learning experiences to encourage affective involvement in a value conflict.
Recycling model of low‐carbon and closed‐loop supply chain considering government subsidies
Authors: Xie Jianmin , Jiang Maoting , Qin Qin , He Yi , Xie Deru 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo find the manufacturer's optimal recycling mode under the dual factors of government subsidies and consumers' low‐carbon preference, we construct three game models by taking the wholesale price, retail price, recovery rate, and carbon emission reduction level as the decision variables. Then, Stackelberg Game and Mathematica 12.0 are used to work out the equilibrium strategies of the recovery model, then we reveal the impact of government subsidies and consumers' low‐carbon preference on the closed‐loop supply chain. (1) Entrusting retailers to recycle is the best choice. (2) The government subsidy to the manufacturer and retailer within a certain range is conducive to promoting recycling activities and has a positive impact on the manufacturer's cost savings and carbon emission reduction investment. Nevertheless, the effect of subsidizing the third party is not obvious. (3) Cultivating consumers' low‐carbon preference for low‐carbon/remanufactured products can not only directly promote the overall profit of the closed‐loop supply chain, but also increase the rate of recovery and level of carbon emission reduction. Thus, the government should increase the subsidized prices of manufacturers and retailers and there is no need to subsidize third parties. It is necessary to cultivate consumers' low‐carbon preference, which is conducive to promoting manufacturers' carbon emission reduction activities.