bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TransformEHRs: a flexible methodology for building transparent ETL processes for EHR reuse
Authors: Pedrera-Jiménez Miguel , García-Barrio Noelia , Rubio-Mayo Paula , Tato-Gómez Alberto , Cruz-Bermúdez Juan Luis , Bernal-Sobrino José Luis , Muñoz-Carrero Adolfo , Serrano-Balazote Pablo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, several methodologies were designed for obtaining electronic health record (EHR)-derived datasets for research. These processes are often based on black boxes, on which clinical researchers are unaware of how the data were recorded, extracted, and transformed. In order to solve this, it is essential that extract, transform, and load (ETL) processes are based on transparent, homogeneous, and formal methodologies, making them understandable, reproducible, and auditable.
Objectives This study aims to design and implement a methodology, according with FAIR Principles, for building ETL processes (focused on data extraction, selection, and transformation) for EHR reuse in a transparent and flexible manner, applicable to any clinical condition and health care organization.
Methods The proposed methodology comprises four stages: (1) analysis of secondary use models and identification of data operations, based on internationally used clinical repositories, case report forms, and aggregated datasets; (2) modeling and formalization of data operations, through the paradigm of the Detailed Clinical Models; (3) agnostic development of data operations, selecting SQL and R as programming languages; and (4) automation of the ETL instantiation, building a formal configuration file with XML.
Results First, four international projects were analyzed to identify 17 operations, necessary to obtain datasets according to the specifications of these projects from the EHR. With this, each of the data operations was formalized, using the ISO 13606 reference model, specifying the valid data types as arguments, inputs and outputs, and their cardinality. Then, an agnostic catalog of data was developed through data-oriented programming languages previously selected. Finally, an automated ETL instantiation process was built from an ETL configuration file formally defined.
Conclusions This study has provided a transparent and flexible solution to the difficulty of making the processes for obtaining EHR-derived data for secondary use understandable, auditable, and reproducible. Moreover, the abstraction carried out in this study means that any previous EHR reuse methodology can incorporate these results into them.
The sharing economy in the hospitality sector: The role of social interaction, social presence, and reciprocity in eliciting satisfaction and continuance behavior
Authors: Lho Linda Heejung , Quan Wei , Yu Jongsik , Han Heesup 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe sharing economy is still transforming the hospitality industry at an exponential speed. The idea of acquiring goods and services through a collaborative approach is becoming a significant part of the world’s overall economy. Many use platforms and social media channels to make purchase decisions while communicating with others. This study, therefore, investigates the socialization factors and values of the sharing economy as driving forces of the rapid growth of the hospitality businesses related to sharing economy. The study also assesses their influence on satisfaction and continuance behavior and explores the role of reciprocity and perceived risk by applying the value-based adoption theory. Using mixed methods, the present research identifies the crucial attributes and validates the proposed theoretical framework. Our findings provide valuable insights for hospitality businesses participating in the sharing economy.
Tau neutrinos in the next decade: from GeV to EeV
Authors: Abraham Roshan Mammen , Alvarez-Muñiz Jaime , Argüelles Carlos A , Ariga Akitaka , Ariga Tomoko , Aurisano Adam , Autiero Dario , Bishai Mary , Bostan Nilay , Bustamante Mauricio , Cummings Austin , Decoene Valentin , de Gouvêa André , De Lellis Giovanni , De Roeck Albert , Denton Peter B , Di Crescenzo Antonia , Diwan Milind V , Farzan Yasaman , Fedynitch Anatoli , Feng Jonathan L , Fields Laura J , Garcia Alfonso , Garzelli Maria Vittoria , Gehrlein Julia , Glaser Christian , Grzelak Katarzyna , Hallmann Steffen , Hewes Jeremy , Indumathi D , Ismail Ahmed , Jana Sudip , Jeong Yu Seon , Kelly Kevin J , Klein Spencer R , Kling Felix , Kosc Thomas , Kose Umut , Koskinen D Jason , Krizmanic John , Lazar Jeff , Li Yichen , Martinez-Soler Ivan , Mocioiu Irina , Nam Jiwoo , Niess Valentin , Otte Nepomuk , Patel Sameer , Petti Roberto , Prechelt Remy L , Prohira Steven , Rajaoalisoa Miriama , Reno Mary Hall , Safa Ibrahim , Sarasty-Segura Carlos , Senthil R Thiru , Stachurska Juliana , Tomalak Oleksandr , Trojanowski Sebastian , Wendell Roger Alexandre , Williams Dawn , Wissel Stephanie , Yaeggy Barbara , Zas Enrique , Zhelnin Pavel , Zhu Jing-yu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tau neutrinos are the least studied particle in the standard model. This whitepaper discusses the current and expected upcoming status of tau neutrino physics with attention to the broad experimental and theoretical landscape spanning long-baseline, beam-dump, collider, and astrophysical experiments. This whitepaper was prepared as a part of the NuTau2021 Workshop.
CMB constraints on DHOST theories
Authors: Hiramatsu Takashi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We put constraints on the degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor (DHOST) theories using the
Planck 2018 likelihoods. In our previous paper, we developed a Boltzmann solver incorporating the
effective field theory parameterised by the six time-dependent functions, αi
(i =
B, K, T, M, H) and β
1, which can describe the DHOST theories.
Using the Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo method with our Boltzmann solver, we find the viable parameter
region of the model parameters characterising the DHOST theories and the other standard
cosmological parameters. First, we consider a simple model with α
=
ΩDE(t)/ΩDE(t
0), α
B = α
T = α
M = α
H = 0
and β
1 = β
1,0ΩDE(t)/ΩDE(t
0) in the ΛCDM background
where t
0 is the present time and obtain β
1,0 = 0.032-0.016
+0.013 (68% c.l.).
Next, we focus on another theory given by ℒDHOST = X + c
3
X□ϕ/Λ3 +
(M
pl
2/2 + c
4
x
2/Λ6)R + 48c
4
2
X
2/
(M
pl
2Λ12 + 2c
4Λ6
X
2)ϕμ

ϕμρ

ϕρν

ϕν
with
X := ∂μϕ∂μϕ and two positive constant parameters, c
3 and c
4. In
this model, we consistently treat the background and the perturbations, and obtain c
3 =
1.59+0.26
-0.28 and the upper bound on c
4, c
4 < 0.0088 (68% c.l.).
Soliton-like optical pulse in a gain medium with dissipation under conditions of intra-pulse Raman scattering
Authors: Sazonov S V 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The propagation of an optical pulse in a nonresonant gain medium with the Raman nonlinearity is studied. A nonlinear integro-differential equation for the envelope of the pulse electric field is derived. The solution of this equation in the form of a superluminal soliton-like pulse is obtained and analyzed.
FAST Observations of an Extremely Active Episode of FRB 20201124A: I. Burst Morphology
Authors: Zhou D. J. , Han J. L. , Zhang B. , Lee K. J. , Zhu W. W. , Li D. , Jing W. C. , Wang W. -Y. , Zhang Y. K. , Jiang J. C. , Niu J. R. , Luo R. , Xu H. , Zhang C. F. , Wang B. J. , Xu J. W. , Wang P. , Yang Z. L. , Feng Y. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report the properties of more than 600 bursts (including cluster-bursts) detected from the repeating fast radio burst (FRB) source FRB 20201124A with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope during an extremely active episode on UTC 2021 September 25–28, in a series of four papers. The observations were carried out in the band of 1.0–1.5 GHz by using the center beam of the L-band 19-beam receiver. We monitored the source in sixteen 1 hr sessions and one 3 hr session spanning 23 days. All the bursts were detected during the first four days. In this first paper of the series, we perform a detailed morphological study of 624 bursts using the two-dimensional frequency-time “waterfall” plots, with a burst (or cluster-burst) defined as an emission episode during which the adjacent emission peaks have a separation shorter than 400 ms. The duration of a burst is therefore always longer than 1 ms, with the longest up to more than 120 ms. The emission spectra of the sub-bursts are typically narrow within the observing band with a characteristic width of ∼277 MHz. The center frequency distribution has a dominant peak at about 1091.9 MHz and a secondary weak peak around 1327.9 MHz. Most bursts show a frequencydownward-drifting pattern. Based on the drifting patterns, we classify the bursts into five main categories: downward drifting (263) bursts, upward drifting (3) bursts, complex (203), no drifting (35) bursts, and no evidence for drifting (121) bursts. Subtypes are introduced based on the emission frequency range in the band (low, middle, high and wide) as well as the number of components in one burst (1, 2, or multiple). We measured a varying scintillation bandwidth from about 0.5 MHz at 1.0 GHz to 1.4 MHz at 1.5 GHz with a spectral index of 3.0.
Thin flexible arrays for long-term multi-electrode recordings in macaque primary visual cortex
Authors: Merken Lara , Schelles Maarten , Ceyssens Frederik , Kraft Michael , Janssen Peter 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective. Basic, translational and clinical neuroscience are increasingly focusing on large-scale invasive recordings of neuronal activity. However, in large animals such as nonhuman primates and humans—in which the larger brain size with sulci and gyri imposes additional challenges compared to rodents, there is a huge unmet need to record from hundreds of neurons simultaneously anywhere in the brain for long periods of time. Here, we tested the electrical and mechanical properties of thin, flexible multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) inserted into the primary visual cortex of two macaque monkeys, and assessed their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatibility and their capacity to record extracellular activity over a period of 1 year. Approach. To allow insertion of the floating arrays into the visual cortex, the 20 by 100 µm2 shafts were temporarily strengthened by means of a resorbable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) coating. Main results. After manual insertion of the arrays, the ex vivo and in vivo MRI compatibility of the arrays proved to be excellent. We recorded clear single-unit activity from up to 50% of the electrodes, and multi-unit activity (MUA) on 60%–100% of the electrodes, which allowed detailed measurements of the receptive fields and the orientation selectivity of the neurons. Even 1 year after insertion, we obtained significant MUA responses on 70%–100% of the electrodes, while the receptive fields remained remarkably stable over the entire recording period. Significance. Thus, the thin and flexible MEAs we tested offer several crucial advantages compared to existing arrays, most notably in terms of brain tissue compliance, scalability, and brain coverage. Future brain-machine interface applications in humans may strongly benefit from this new generation of chronically implanted MEAs.
Linear, resistive stability studies for Wendelstein 7-X-type equilibria with external current drive
Authors: Strumberger E. , Günter S. , Wendelstein 7-X team the 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Comprehensive linear stability studies of resistive modes are presented for Wendelstein 7-X-type stellarator equilibria with electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). The external co-current drive leads to an increase of the rotational transform and the formation of one or two ι = 1 rational flux surfaces. Using the 3D linear stability CASTOR3D code, low n
*-type resistive modes (n
* = 1,2...,8 with n
* being the dominant toroidal Fourier harmonic contributing to the mode) are investigated. We studied the dependence of their growth rates on plasma resistivity, parallel viscosity, and shape of the rotational transform profile (especially various distances between two ι = 1 flux surfaces). Similarly to tokamak configurations, single and double tearing modes, and internal resistive kink modes are found. In addition, modes oscillating between two n
*-types of the same mode family are observed. The frequencies of those modes are in the range of ≈ 10–260 Hz. Equilibria with either a large distance between the ι = 1 flux surfaces, or a single ι = 1 surface are most unstable with respect to n
* = 1 resistive kink modes. The latter finding fits to the experimental observation of sawtooth-like oscillations followed by a thermal quench in W7-X discharges with ECCD.
A reduced model for the ITER divertor based on SOLPS solutions for ITER Q = 10 baseline conditions: A. identifying options for the control parameters*
Authors: Stangeby P.C. , Lore J.D. , Pitts R.A. , Canik J.M. , Bonnin X. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Edge codes such as SOLPS coupled to neutral codes such as EIRENE have become so comprehensive and sophisticated that they now constitute, in effect, ‘code-experiments’ that, as for actual experiments, can benefit from interpretation using simple models and conceptual frameworks, i.e. reduced models. The first task is the identification of options for the reduced model control parameters that are best suited for control of the action of the divertor, i.e. for control of target power loading and sputter-erosion, primarily. A strong correlation between the electron temperature at the divertor target, T
e,t, and the neutral deuterium D2 density at the target, n
D2,t, flux-tube resolved, has recently been reported for a number of code studies including SOLPS-4.3 modeling of a set of ∼50 ITER baseline cases: Q
DT = 10, q
95 = 3, P
SOL = 100 MW, metallic walls, and Ne seeding (Pitts et al 2019 Nucl. Mater. Energy
20 100696). This part A of the present study reports new results for largely the same ITER cases, confirming the strong correlations reported earlier between local values of T
e,t, and (i) n
D2,t, and (ii) normalized volumetric losses of power and pressure in the divertor. Strong correlations have now also been found, and are reported here for the first time, between T
e,t and all of the divertor target quantities of practical interest. A physical explanation for this surprising result has not been fully identified; nevertheless it has encouraging implications for reduced modeling of the ITER divertor. For such ITER conditions, (i) the global Ne injection rate, InjNe (Ne s−1), and (ii) the electron temperature at the location on the target where the peak power deposition occurs, T
e,t
@q
⊥,pk (eV), are found to be promising reduced model control parameters. In the companion report, part B, a reduced model for the ITER divertor is developed and described in detail, based on reversed-direction 2 point modelling, Rev2PM. The input to the reduced model is a value of the variable pair

T

e
,
t

@

q

⊥
,
p
k

,
I
n

j

Ne

and the output are values of the various target as well as divertor-entrance quantities of practical interest, e.g. q
⊥,pk, n
e,Xpt (the electron density at the poloidal location of the X-point), etc. In part B the reduced model is quantitatively characterized using one half of the code cases; it is then used to successfully predict (replicate) the code values of e.g. n
e,Xpt for the other half of the cases.
Optimization of offshore wind turbines layout considering wake effect
Authors: Li Li-Xia , Liu Wen-Bo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the actual construction of an offshore wind farm, the layout of wind turbines directly affects the flow characteristics of each wind turbine. When the wind passes through the upstream unit, the work done at the hub of the downstream fan decreases, resulting in the wake effect. Therefore, on the premise of considering the wake flow, it is of great significance to study the optimization of fan arrangement. The research and selection of reasonable wind turbine arrangements have a significant effect on power generation efficiency and power output. In this paper, the improved Gauss model is used to simulate the wake flow, and the cost model that is more close to the actual construction is selected. By taking the number and distance of wind turbines as variables and the cost generated as the objective function, the research is carried out. The research is carried out in the process of automatic optimization through a particle swarm optimization algorithm.
Fault Location of Hybrid Transmission Line Based on Zero Sequence Current and EMTR
Authors: Shang LiQun , Zang Peng , Xu HaiYang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In order to better solve the problems of current cable-overhead hybrid lines that are affected by transition resistance, fault phase angle, and fault type in fault location, this paper proposes to use the zero-sequence current method to determine the large fault section first, and then according to the electromagnetic time reversal theory (EMTR) to realize the accurate location of faults in small sectionsa. A simulation model of a cable-overhead hybrid transmission line was established using ATP-EMTP, and the program was verified in MATLAB. The simulation results show that the method is not only not affected by the transition resistance and the phase angle of the fault, but also the type of fault has no effect on the results of the distance measurement, and it has higher positioning accuracy. With the allowable relative error, different types of faults can be accurately located.
Study on the optimal allocation of comprehensive energy in the park
Authors: Zhao Qingqi , Yang Lin , Li Wenwen , Shi Xulei , Ji Yanchen , Wang Miaomiao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
According to the demand response mode of the user side, this paper divides the flexible load into translational, reducible and transferable loads, briefly analyzes and introduces the operation characteristics of the three loads, and constructs the park comprehensive energy source system including wind power generation, photovoltaic, gas turbine and gas boiler. Considering the system investment cost, operation cost, fuel cost and compensation cost, this paper constructs the optimal allocation model of electric heating system in the park with the optimal total cost, and optimizes it through YALMIP in MATLAB. The final results show that the participation of flexible load and electric heating energy storage can not only effectively reduce the initial investment cost and total system cost in the early stage of the park, but also reasonably adjust the load curve, the optimal output point of energy storage equipment is obtained to determine the capacity of energy storage equipment.
Discussion on Three-dimensional Design of Overhead Transmission Line Based on Tilt Photogrammetry Technolog
Authors: Wang Ting , Jing Yan , Li Shuo , Li Jianfeng , Niu Rui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the rapid development of modern social economy, the continuous expansion of urban land and the increasing scale of power system construction, there are many problems in cable transmission and routing in overhead transmission lines. This paper mainly introduces the tilt photogrammetry technology, and studies its application in the three-dimensional design of overhead transmission lines. Firstly, this paper introduces the concept, basic principle and key technology of tilt photogrammetry technology, expounds the importance of three-dimensional design of overhead transmission line, and then tests the error value of three-dimensional software of overhead transmission line. Finally, the test results show that the maximum plane error is 0.253 m and the mean square error is 0.168 M. The maximum error of elevation is 0.247m and the mean square error of elevation is 0.128 M. Its accuracy shall meet the requirements that the error shall not exceed 0.2m and the mean square error of elevation shall not exceed 0.2m.
The study on high temperature exhaust orifice infrared suppression
Authors: Wang Ning , Lv Zhun , Wang Ying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A type of gas turbine generator unit has lots of advantages, such as small size, light weight, advanced technical performance, strong environment adaptability, rapid start. However, the high temperature exhaust gas generated during the operation of the machine leads to the high temperature and obvious infrared radiation characteristics near the exhaust port. The objective of this paper is to investigate the infrared suppression of the exhaust orifice of the gas turbine generator unit. Meanwhile, some schemes about infrared suppression are proposed, that is, redesigning the exhaust cover or adding grid regenerator of high temperature phase change materials(HTPCMs). The method of computer simulation experiment, relying on Gambit and Fluent for modeling, is used to demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme. Results indicate that the first enrichment of gas turbine exhaust heat can be completed and the exhaust temperature can be reduced by about 200°C when the grid is set as a three-layer pattern crisscrossed up and down.
Adopting Differential Lightning Protection Measures to Reduce Simultaneous Trip Probability of 220 kV Double-Circuit Transmission Line on the Same Tower
Authors: Pang Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Double-circuit lines on the same tower are more widely used due to the increasing shortage of transmission corridors. If lightning strikes cause simultaneous tripping, it will cause severe economic losses and safety problems. Transmission lines with 220 kV voltage level are an essential part of the main grid. Reducing the simultaneous tripping rate of 220 kV lines is extremely important for the safe operation of the power grid. This paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of several typical lightning protection methods for double-circuit lines on the same tower by simulation calculation. Combined with the characteristics of several typical double-circuit towers, lightning protection design for double-circuit lines is studied, and the differentiated lightning protection methods and basic protection processes for typical lines are proposed.
Fault Line Selection with Correlation Analysis of Zero Sequence Current and Voltage under High-Low Frequency
Authors: Yan Xing , Ma Chenghu , Han Hui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
When a single-phase ground fault occurs near the zero or maximum point, the fault line selection of resonance grounding system is not sensitive enough. After analyzing the transient current and line impedance characteristics of zero sequence network, and making full use of the decaying DC component, power frequency component and high frequency component of the transient zero sequence current of the feeder, a fault line selection method based on correlation analysis of zero sequence current and bus zero sequence voltage derivative in high and low frequency band is proposed. The effectiveness of the method is verified by the examples from the aspects of fault closing angle, transition resistance.