bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Getting hot: Effect of chili pepper addition on sensory perception of liquid and solid foods
Authors: Lyu Cong , Hendriks Anne , Geary Lauren N. , Forde Ciarán G. , Stieger Markus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe impact of trigeminal oral burn and pungency on taste, flavor, and mouth‐feel perception of commercially available foods is underexplored. This study aimed to determine the effect of oral burn sensations evoked by the addition of chili powder to tomato soup, beef burger patties, and curried rice on taste, flavor, and mouth‐feel perception. Chili powder was added to tomato soups, beef burger patties, and curried rice at four concentrations. A consumer panel comprising n = 66 participants (49 women, 25.5 ± 5.8 years, BMI 22.9 ± 2.8 kg/m2) assessed taste, flavor, trigeminal, and mouth‐feel intensity of all samples using Rate‐All‐That‐Apply methodology. Food matrix consistency strongly impacted oral burn sensations with solid food matrices (beef burger patties and curried rice) suppressing oral burn intensity compared to liquid food matrices (tomato soup). With increasing oral burn intensity, perceived intensity of beef flavor decreased significantly for beef burger patties. Tomato flavor, sweetness, and sourness intensity decreased significantly with increasing oral burn intensity for tomato soups. Perceived burn intensity of all food matrices and beef flavor intensity of beef burger patties differed between infrequent and frequent chili pepper consumers. We conclude that increasing oral burn intensity by the addition of chili pepper powder led to only small reductions in taste and flavor intensity of tomato soups and to little or no changes in flavor and mouth‐feel perception of beef burger patties and curried rice. We suggest that reductions in taste, flavor, and mouth‐feel intensity caused by oral burn might be more pronounced in liquid (tomato soup) than solid foods (beef burger patties and curried rice).Practical ApplicationThere is a growing public and scientific interest in the development of strategies to increase the sensory appeal of healthy foods and beverages. Incorporation of trigeminal stimuli, such as chili peppers or capsaicin (pungent component of chili peppers), can be a strategy to increase sensory appeal of foods and beverages. Little is known about how trigeminal oral burn and pungency influence taste, flavor, and mouth‐feel perception of commercially available foods, although it has been well established that taste, flavor, mouth‐feel, and trigeminal sensations contribute to product acceptance. By investigating the sensory impact of oral burn on flavor and mouth‐feel perception of foods, this study may help to better understand how trigeminal stimuli can be applied to moderate flavor and mouth‐feel perception of foods to optimize sensory appeal.
Sporting the government: Sportspersons' engagement with causes in India and the USA on twitter
Authors: Mishra Dibyendu , Sen Ronojoy , Pal Joyojeet 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWith the ubiquitous reach of social media, influencers are becoming increasingly central to the articulation of political agendas on a range of topics. We curate a sample of tweets from the 200 most followed sportspersons in India and the USA since 2019, map their connections with politicians and visualise their engagements with key topics online. We find significant differences between the ways in which Indian and US sportspersons engage with politics—whereas leading Indian sportspersons tend to align closely with the ruling party and engage minimally in dissent, American sportspersons engage with a range of political issues and are willing to publicly criticise politicians or policy. Our findings suggest that the ownership and governmental control of sports affect public stances on issues that professional sportspersons are willing to engage in online. Also, depending on the government of the day, speaking up against the state and the government in power has different socioeconomic costs in the USA and India.
Endobronchial ultrasound‐guided re‐biopsy of non–small cell lung cancer with acquired resistance after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment
Authors: Hong Kyung Soo , Cho Jinmo , Jang Jong Geol , Jang Min Hye , Ahn June Hong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundFew studies assessed the use of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)‐guided re‐biopsy for detecting the T790M mutation after epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR‐TKI) failure.MethodsA total of 2996 EBUS procedures were performed during the study period (January 2019–June 2022). In total, 44 consecutive patients who underwent EBUS‐guided re‐biopsy (56 procedures) for detecting the T790M mutation were analyzed. The success rates and T790M mutation frequencies were analyzed according to the re‐biopsy site and EBUS method. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors affecting the likelihood of the T790M mutation.ResultsThe success rates for the mutation analyses using EBUS with a guide‐sheath (EBUS‐GS), EBUS guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA), and EBUS‐GS with EBUS‐TBNA for re‐biopsy were 80.6% (29/36), 93.3% (14/15), and 100% (5/5), respectively. Patients who underwent lymph node biopsy using EBUS‐TBNA had an increased rates of the T790M mutation compared with those undergoing lung biopsy using EBUS‐GS (EBUS‐TBNA, 60.0%; EBUS‐GS with EBUS‐TBNA, 40.0%; EBUS‐GS, 11.1%; p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the use of a first‐generation EGFR‐TKI (odds ratio [OR], 4.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–17.58; p = 0.043) was associated with occurrence of the T790M mutation. Re‐biopsy of the metastatic site tended to be associated with a higher T790M mutation rate. Mild hemoptysis occurred in 3.6% (2/56) of the patients.ConclusionsEBUS‐guided re‐biopsy can be used for detecting the T790M mutation in patients who failed EGFR‐TKI therapy. The T790M mutation frequency differed according to the re‐biopsy site. The use of a first‐generation EGFR‐TKI was an independent predictor of the T790M mutation.
Update on therapeutic strategy for esophageal anastomotic leak: A systematic literature review
Authors: Hua Feng , Sun Dongfeng , Zhao Xiaoming , Song Xuemin , Yang Wenfeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAnastomotic leak is still a severe complication in esophageal surgery due to high mortality. This article reviews the updates on the treatment of anastomotic leak after esophagectomy in order to provide reference for clinical treatment and research. The relevant studies published in the Chinese Zhiwang, Wanfang, and MEDLINE databases to December 21, 2021 were retrieved, and esophageal carcinoma, esophagectomy, anastomotic leakage, and fistula selected as the keywords. A total of 78 studies were finally included. The treatments include traditional surgical drainage, new reverse drainage trans‐fistula, stent plugging, endoscopic clamping, biological protein glue injection plugging, endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVT), and reoperation, etc. Early diagnosis, accurate classification and optimal treatment can promote the rapid healing of anastomotic leaks. EVT may be the most valuable approach, simultaneously with good commercial prospects. Reoperation should be considered in patients with complex fistula in which conservative treatment is insufficient or has failed.
Clinical characteristics of adrenal insufficiency induced by pembrolizumab in non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Kurokawa Kana , Mitsuishi Yoichiro , Shimada Naoko , Ito Naoaki , Ogiwara Misa , Miura Keita , Asao Tetsuhiko , Ko Ryo , Shukuya Takehito , Shibayama Rina , Goto Hiromasa , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimImmune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved the clinical outcomes of many cancer types, but they induce a range of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). Although adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a rare irAE, it can lead to serious consequences. This study aimed to determine the clinical features of patients with advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who developed AI following pembrolizumab treatment.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the clinical data of all patients with NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab at Juntendo University Hospital from February 2017 to December 2020. The diagnosis of AI was established based on the Endocrine Emergency Guidance for the acute management of endocrine complications of checkpoint inhibitor therapy in the UK and the clinical practice guidelines of the Japan Endocrine Society.ResultAI was clinically suspected in 59 out of 186 patients treated with pembrolizumab, and 10 (5.4%) cases were confirmed. The symptoms included hyponatremia (n = 9), fatigue (n = 8), and loss of appetite (n = 6). All patients had low adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, and five patients were diagnosed with isolated ACTH deficiency. All patients completely recovered with corticosteroid replacement. The median time to onset of AI was 8.0 (range 3.8–15.2) months. The median progression‐free survival in these patients was 22.4 (95% confidence interval 11.2–not reached) months.ConclusionThe incidence of AI among patients treated with pembrolizumab is more frequent than previously reported. In addition, secondary AI, especially isolated ACTH deficiency, is a major form of AI induced by pembrolizumab.
Information Transparency and Investment in Follow‐on Innovation*
Authors: Chen Jeff Zeyun , Kim Yongtae , Yang Leo L. , Zhang Joseph H. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThis study examines the role of information transparency in facilitating peer firms' investment in follow‐on innovation. We capture information transparency with both textual and numerical information disclosed in 10‐Ks. Using patent citations to proxy for investment in follow‐on innovation, we predict and find a positive association between transparency at the knowledge source and follow‐on innovation. We further show that the effect of information transparency varies with the degree of uncertainty around technological innovation. Thus, the evidence suggests that information transparency facilitates investment in follow‐on innovation by resolving uncertainty associated with investment in technological innovation. An analysis using the cited firms' going‐private decision as a negative shock to information transparency confirms the significant effect of a cited firm's disclosure on its decision to invest in follow‐on innovation. Our study contributes to the literature on the positive externalities of peer‐firm disclosures and highlights the important role of information transparency in shaping innovation investment decisions.
The relationship between fathers' heavy episodic drinking and fathering involvement in five Asia‐Pacific countries: An individual participant data meta‐analysis
Authors: Laslett Anne‐Marie , Kuntsche Sandra , Wilson Ingrid M. , Taft Angela , Fulu Emma , Jewkes Rachel , Graham Kathryn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to increase understanding of the relationship between heavy episodic drinking (HED) and fathers' involvement in parenting in five countries. The potential moderating effect of fathers' experiences of childhood trauma is also studied, controlling for the possible confounding of the effect of HED by father's attitudes toward gender equality, father's age and father's education.MethodUnited Nations Multi‐Country Study on Men and Violence (UNMCS) survey data from 4562 fathers aged 18–49 years from Cambodia, China, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Sri Lanka were used to assess the relationship between fathering involvement (e.g., helping children with their homework) and self‐reported HED of 6+ drinks in one occasion vs. non‐HED and abstaining. Moderating effects of a 13‐item fathers' childhood trauma (FCT) scale were tested and analyses were adjusted for gender‐inequitable attitudes using the Gender‐Equitable Men scale score. Bivariate and adjusted individual participant meta‐analyses were used to determine effect estimates for each site and across all sites.ResultsFathers' HED was associated with less positive parental involvement after adjusting for gender‐equitable attitudes, FCT, age and education. No overall interaction between HED and FCT was identified. Gender equitable attitudes were associated with fathering involvement in some countries but not overall (p = 0.07).ConclusionsHeavy episodic drinking was associated with reduced positive fathering involvement. These findings suggest that interventions to increase fathers' involvement in parenting should include targeting reductions in fathers' HED. Structural barriers to fathers' involvement should be considered alongside HED in future studies of fathers' engagement with their children.
Comparison of three systems for the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in a community sample
Authors: Coles Claire D. , Bandoli Gretchen , Kable Julie A. , del Campo Miguel , Suttie Michael , Chambers Christina D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is estimated that 1%–5% of children in the United States are affected by prenatal alcohol exposure while only a small percentage are so identified in clinical practice. One explanation for this discrepancy may be the way in which diagnostic criteria are operationalized.MethodsTo evaluate the extent to which three commonly used systems for the diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) consistently identified children in a community sample, data from the Collaboration on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prevalence (COFASP) study were re‐analyzed. In the data set, there were 2325 children with variables necessary to allow diagnosis by three systems commonly used in North America. These systems were (1) that used by COFASP, which is a revised modification of the Institute of Medicine's recommendations, (2) the 4‐Digit Code, and (3) the most recent Canadian Guidelines. To determine the degree of association among these classifications, the Fleiss Multirater Kappa measure of agreement was applied.ResultsAmong these three systems, 408 children were classified as FASD, 208 by the CoFASP system, 319 by the 4‐Digit Code, and 28 by the Canadian Guidelines. Agreement among the findings from the three systems varied from slight to fair.ConclusionsThese results indicate a lack of consistency in these approaches to FASD diagnosis. Discrepancies result from differences in specifying the criteria used to define the diagnosis, including growth, physical features, neurobehavior, and alcohol‐use thresholds. The question of their relative accuracy cannot be resolved without reference to a measure of validity that does not currently exist, and this suggests the need for a more empirically based diagnostic schema.
Estimating child maltreatment cases that could be alcohol‐attributable in New Zealand
Authors: Huckle Taisia , Romeo Jose S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsChildren are an important group harmed by others' alcohol consumption. This study (1) compared the risk of occurrence of child maltreatment among children exposed versus not exposed to parents with an alcohol‐attributable hospitalization or service use for mental health/addiction and (2) conducted sensitivity analyses to estimate the cases of child maltreatment that could be attributable to alcohol under two different conditions in New Zealand.DesignA cohort study conducted among children 0−17 years and their parents (years 2000–2017) using the Statistics New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure. The New Zealand Health Survey 2017 was also used.SettingNew Zealand.Participants58 359 children aged 0–17 years and their parents.MeasurementsSurvival analysis based on a Bayesian piecewise exponential model was used to estimate the risk of time to first substantiated child maltreatment event (identified from social service, hospital, mortality and police data) related to exposure to parents with an alcohol‐attributable hospitalization or who used a mental health/addiction service (versus no exposure). Potential confounders were included for parents and children. The sensitivity analyses (i) estimated an alcohol‐attributable admissions/service use fraction for maltreatment in 2017 and (ii) calculated a population‐attributable fraction using the relative risk from the cohort and prevalence of hazardous drinking (AUDIT 8+) among parents in 2017.FindingsThere was a 65.1% [1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.46−1.86] increased risk of child maltreatment if a child was exposed to parents who had an alcohol‐attributable hospitalized or mental health/addictions service use. The sensitivity analyses estimated that in 2017 14.6% (CI = 14.0−15.3%) and 11.4% (95% CI = 8.4−14.3%) of the documented cases of child maltreatment in New Zealand could be attributable to parents with severe or hazardous consumption.ConclusionsIn New Zealand, exposure to parents with an alcohol‐attributable hospitalization or service use is a risk factor for substantiated child maltreatment.
The efficacy of three passive ultrasonic irrigation systems on intracanal medicament removal in a novel standardised three‐dimensionally printed model
Authors: Kim Na‐Yeon , Kim Hee‐Jin , Min Kyung‐San 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study compared the efficacy of several passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) systems in removing intracanal medicament using 3‐dimensionally printed root canal model assembled with dentin specimen. After the placement of the model in the agar container (37°C), the intracanal medicament was removed using three different PUI instruments including CK file, Irrisafe and Endosonic Blue. Then, the area coated by the medicament and the volumetric percentage of the remaining medicament was measured. Irrisafe and Endosonic Blue showed higher removal efficacy than CK and the control regarding both the coated area and remaining volume (p < 0.05). CK showed the lowest efficacy among the tested PUI systems (p > 0.05). Notably, Endosonic Blue group showed the smallest coated area among the tested groups (p < 0.05). Conclusively, PUI systems made of nickel‐titanium alloy with small dimensions, such as Endosonic Blue, have advantages for the removal of intracanal medicaments from curved root canals.
Mendelian randomization analyses identified bioavailable testosterone mediates the effect of sex hormone‐binding globulin on prostate cancer
Authors: Wan Bangbei , Lu Likui , Lv Cai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveA better knowledge of the hormonal etiology of prostate cancer is essential for its prevention and treatment. The goal of this study was to provide causal estimates of the connection between sex hormone‐binding globulin and prostate cancer and investigate the possible mediating function of other modifiable risk indicators.MethodsWe used two‐step, two‐sample multivariable Mendelian randomization using single‐nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables for exposure and mediators. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms associated with sex hormone‐binding globulin and bioavailable testosterone were screened via a genome‐wide association study enrolling European‐descent adult male individuals. Summary‐level data for prostate cancer (79,148 cases and 61,106 controls) were extracted from the PRACTICAL consortium. The total effect of sex hormone‐binding globulin on prostate cancer risk was decomposed into direct and indirect effects through the mediator, bioavailable testosterone. An inverse‐variance‐weighted method was the primary Mendelian randomization analysis method. Sensitivity analyses were performed via Mendelian randomization–Egger regression, heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test, and leave‐one‐out test. The directionality that exposure causes the outcome was verified using Mendelian randomization–Steiger test.ResultsIn the univariable Mendelian randomization analysis, genetically predicted higher sex hormone‐binding globulin levels had a causal association with lower prostate cancer risk (odds ratio = 0.944, 95% confidence interval = 0.897–0.993, p = 0.027) and an inverse association with bioavailable testosterone level (odds ratio = 0.945, 95% confidence interval = 0.926–0.965, p = 1.62E‐07) without controlling for other factors. Moreover, an increase of one standard deviation (59.5 pmol/L) in genetically predicted bioavailable testosterone level was significantly associated with a 22.0% increase in the overall prostate cancer risk (odds ratio = 1.220, 95% confidence interval = 1.064–1.398, p = 0.004) after adjusting for sex hormone‐binding globulin level. The effect size ratio of bioavailable testosterone‐mediated sex hormone‐binding globulin to prostate cancer was further analyzed to clarify the importance of the mediating effect. Notably, the mediator bioavailable testosterone explained 19.28% (95% confidence interval = 10.76%, 73.78%) of the total effect of sex hormone‐binding globulin level on prostate cancer risk.ConclusionThe results support the potentially protective causal effect of genetically predicted higher sex hormone‐binding globulin levels against prostate cancer with mediation by the modifiable risk factor, bioavailable testosterone. More research is needed to determine how this possible sex hormone‐binding globulin–bioavailable testosterone–prostate cancer link works. Targeting sex hormone‐binding globulin and bioavailable testosterone traits may be a valuable strategy for preventing prostate cancer.
Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA): initial experience in Australia
Authors: Pradhan Sharin , Fernando Dhanushke T. , Tien Alan , Wong Sze Ling , Yew Ming K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThyroidectomy is traditionally an open procedure. The potential for and unpredictability of patients developing an unsightly anterior neck scar has led many investigators to develop various ‘scarless’ thyroidectomy techniques. Here we report on our initial experience, and to our knowledge, the first and largest series of this technique in Australia and New Zealand.MethodsAcross two centres in Western Australia, three Endocrine surgeons utilized the Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA). Key endpoints such as operating time, blood loss, pain scores, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and hypoparathyroidism was collected. Data was analysed using R statistical program.ResultsOne hundred and two TOETVAs were performed between March 2018 and May 2021. There were 66 hemithyroidectomies, 34 total thyroidectomies (four converted to open), and two isthmusectomies. We noted a trend in median operating time decreasing over the study period. There were no cases of permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, wound infection, seroma or haematoma. We had four instances of open conversion; one temporary RLN palsy, and 12 cases of temporary hypoparathyroidism.ConclusionThis is the first series of TOETVA reported in Australia and New Zealand. Our results demonstrate that with appropriate surgeon experience, training, collaboration, and in well selected patients, this is a feasible and safe thyroidectomy technique. We hope that our work will build confidence in Endocrine Surgical units seeking to develop this technique in Australia.