bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heparin‐Derived Theranostic Nanoprobes Overcome the Blood–Brain Barrier and Target Glioma in Murine Model
Authors: Samanta Sumanta , Le Joncour Vadim , Wegrzyniak Olivia , Rangasami Vignesh Kumar , Ali‐Löytty Harri , Hong Taehun , Selvaraju Ram Kumar , Aberg Ola , Hilborn Jons , Laakkonen Pirjo , Varghese Oommen P. , Eriksson Olof , Cabral Horacio , Oommen Oommen P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe poor permeability of theranostic agents across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) significantly hampers the development of new treatment modalities for neurological diseases. A new biomimetic nanocarrier is discovered using heparin (HP) that effectively passes the BBB and targets glioblastoma. Specifically, HP‐coated gold nanoparticles (HP‐AuNPs) are designed that are labeled with three different imaging modalities namely, fluorescein (FITC‐HP‐AuNP), radioisotope 68Gallium (68Ga‐HP‐AuNPs), and MRI active gadolinium (Gd‐HP‐AuNPs). The systemic infusion of FITC‐HP‐AuNPs in three different mouse strains (C57BL/6JRj, FVB, and NMRI‐nude) displays excellent penetration and reveals uniform distribution of fluorescent particles in the brain parenchyma (69–86%) with some accumulation in neurons (8–18%) and microglia (4–10%). Tail‐vein administration of radiolabeled 68Ga‐HP‐AuNPs in healthy rats also show 68Ga‐HP‐AuNP inside the brain parenchyma and in areas containing cerebrospinal fluid, such as the lateral ventricles, the cerebellum, and brain stem. Finally, tail‐vein administration of Gd‐HP‐AuNPs (that displays ≈threefold higher relaxivity than that of commercial Gd‐DTPA) in an orthotopic glioblastoma (U87MG xenograft) model in nude mice demonstrates enrichment of T1‐contrast at the intracranial tumor with a gradual increase in the contrast in the tumor region between 1 and 3 h. It is believed, the finding offers the untapped potential of HP‐derived‐NPs to deliver cargo molecules for treating neurological disorders.
Conductive Tracks in Carbon Implanted Titania Nanotubes: Atomic‐Scale Insights from Experimentally Based Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Modeling
Authors: Holm Alexander , Kupferer Astrid , Mändl Stephan , Lotnyk Andriy , Mayr Stefan G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIon implantation of titania nanotubes is a highly versatile approach for tailoring structural and electrical properties. While recently self‐organized nanoscale compositional patterning has been reported, the atomistic foundations and impact on electronic structure are not established at this point. To study these aspects, ab initio molecular dynamic simulations based on atomic compositions in C implanted titania nanotubes according to elastic recoil detection analysis are employed. Consistent with experimental data, carbon accumulates in chainlike precipitates, which are favorable for enhancing conductivity, as revealed by density‐functional theory electronic ground states calculations are demonstrated.
Optimizing Piezoelectric Nanocomposites by High‐Throughput Phase‐Field Simulation and Machine Learning
Authors: Li Weixiong , Yang Tiannan , Liu Changshu , Huang Yuhui , Chen Chunxu , Pan Hong , Xie Guangzhong , Tai Huiling , Jiang Yadong , Wu Yongjun , Kang Zhao , Chen Long‐Qing , Su Yuanjie , Hong Zijian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPiezoelectric nanocomposites with oxide fillers in a polymer matrix combine the merit of high piezoelectric response of the oxides and flexibility as well as biocompatibility of the polymers. Understanding the role of the choice of materials and the filler‐matrix architecture is critical to achieving desired functionality of a composite towards applications in flexible electronics and energy harvest devices. Herein, a high‐throughput phase‐field simulation is conducted to systematically reveal the influence of morphology and spatial orientation of an oxide filler on the piezoelectric, mechanical, and dielectric properties of the piezoelectric nanocomposites. It is discovered that with a constant filler volume fraction, a composite composed of vertical pillars exhibits superior piezoelectric response and electromechanical coupling coefficient as compared to the other geometric configurations. An analytical regression is established from a linear regression‐based machine learning model, which can be employed to predict the performance of nanocomposites filled with oxides with a given set of piezoelectric coefficient, dielectric permittivity, and stiffness. This work not only sheds light on the fundamental mechanism of piezoelectric nanocomposites, but also offers a promising material design strategy for developing high‐performance polymer/inorganic oxide composite‐based wearable electronics.
Transparent, Photothermal, and Icephobic Surfaces via Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly
Authors: Wu Shuwang , Liang Zhenyu , Li Yupeng , Chay Sarah , He Zhiyuan , Tan Sicong , Wang Jianjun , Zhu Xinyuan , He Ximin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIcing and frosting on transparent surfaces compromise visibility on various optical equipment and transparent infrastructures. It remains challenging to fabricate energy‐saving coatings for harvesting solar energy while maintaining high transparency. Here, transparent, photothermic, and icephobic composite surfaces composed of photothermal nanomaterials and polyelectrolytes via layer‐by‐layer assembly are designed and constructed. The positively‐charged polypyrrole nanoparticles and negatively‐charged poly(acrylic acid) are assembled as exemplary materials via electrostatic attractions. The optically transparent photothermal coatings are successfully fabricated and exhibited photothermal capabilities and light‐transmittance performance. Among the various coatings applied, the seven‐bilayer coating can increase the temperature by 35 °C under 1.9‐sun illumination, maintaining high transmittance (>60%) of visible light. With sunlight illumination at subzero temperatures (> −35 °C), the coatings show pronounced capabilities to inhibit freezing, melt accumulated frost, and decrease ice adhesion. Precisely, the icephobic surfaces remain free of frost at −35 °C as long as sunlight illumination is present; the accumulated frost melts rapidly within 300 s. The ice adhesion strength decreases to ≈0 kPa as the melted water acts as a lubricant. Furthermore, the negatively‐charged graphene oxide and positively‐charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) show their material diversity applicable in the coating fabrication.
Near‐Infrared‐Activated Thermochromic Perovskite Smart Windows
Authors: Liu Sai , Li Yang , Wang Ying , Yu Kin Man , Huang Baoling , Tso Chi Yan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPerovskite‐based thermochromic smart windows that can change color have attracted much interest. However, the high transition temperature (>45 °C in air) hinders their practical application. Herein, a near‐infrared (NIR) activated thermochromic perovskite window that enables reversible transition cycles at room temperature is proposed. Under natural sunlight (>700 W m−2), it efficiently harvests 78% NIR light to trigger the thermochromism of perovskites, blocking the heat gain from both the visible and NIR light. Meanwhile, it also exhibits a low mid‐infrared emissivity of <0.3, suppressing thermal radiation to the indoor environment. A field test demonstrates that this smart window can reduce the indoor temperature by 8 °C compared to a normal glass window at noon. The near‐room‐temperature color change, multispectral thermal management, outstanding energy‐saving ability, and climate adaptability, and solution‐based process of this window make it unique and promising for real applications.
A Bifunctional Memristor Enables Multiple Neuromorphic Computing Applications
Authors: Lyapunov Nikolay , Zheng Xiao Dong , Yang Kevin , Liu Hao Min , Zhou Kai , Cai Song Hua , Ho Tsz Lung , Suen Chun Hung , Yang Ming , Zhao Jiong , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Dai Ji‐Yan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs a promising building block of the emerging neuromorphic computing hardware, memristive structures with multi‐functionalities are highly desired to implement diversified computing applications in a single device. However, the demonstration of such multi‐functional structures remains limited. In this work, an Ag/GeS/Pt‐based bifunctional memory structure with both long‐term and short‐term memristive behaviors is reported, enabling multiple neuromorphic computing applications in a single device. It is found that the unexpected short‐term switching in Ag/GeS/Pt can not only be used to simulate learning/relearning and forgetting behavior but can also be implemented for reservoir computing. While for long‐term switching memristive behavior, its application is demonstrated as the traditional memory. The work reveals a novel coexistence of the two types of resistive switching, shedding light on various neuromorphic computing applications such as reservoir computing and traditional memory realized in a single memristive device.
Mapping and Simultaneous Detection of Arterial and Venous Pulses using Large‐Scale High‐Density Flexible Piezoelectret Sensor Array
Authors: Han Liuyang , Zeng Wei , Dong Ying , Wang Xiaohao , Lin Liwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFlexible sensors with the capability of mapping and examining real‐time physiological signals are essential in smart health monitoring systems. Here, high‐density and large‐scale flexible pressure sensor arrays with the piezoelectric‐like dynamic output effects are presented for the mapping and detection of arterial and venous pulses simultaneously. A high equivalent d33 value of 5400 pC N‐1 is characterized based on the crisscross groove structure of a single sensor unit with a high dynamic sensitivity of 15.22 nA kPa‐1 (<5 kPa), detection limit of <5 Pa, response time of 36 ms, and good temperature‐humidity‐mechanical stabilities. A 3 × 3 prototype array using 4 × 4 mm2 individual sensor units is utilized to plot the pulse magnitude map in the neck region. Experimental results show that this system can differentiate independent and stable arterial and venous pulses simultaneously to acquire the comprehensive cardiac information. Another 5 × 18 prototype array using 1.5 × 0.5 mm2 individual sensor units is demonstrated to detect wrist pulses and map the vascular network successfully toward the practical applications in wearable healthcare and electronic skin systems.
Tuning Morphology of Active Layer by using a Wide Bandgap Oligomer‐Like Donor Enables Organic Solar Cells with Over 18% Efficiency
Authors: Feng Wanying , Wu Simin , Chen Hongbin , Meng Lingxian , Huang Fangfang , Liang Huazhe , Zhang Jianqi , Wei Zhixiang , Wan Xiangjian , Li Chenxi , Yao Zhaoyang , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA wide bandgap oligomer‐like donor CNS‐6‐8 is synthesized and incorporated into the host PM6:Y6:PC71BM system to tune the morphology of the active layer for better device performance. Due to the good miscibility of CNS‐6‐8 with both host donor (PM6) and acceptors (Y6 and PC71BM), an optimized morphology is achieved with the appropriate phase separation size and enhanced crystallinity, which ultimately leads to more efficient exciton dissociation, charge transport, and lower nonradiative energy loss. As a result, the quaternary device achieves an improved efficiency of 18.07%, with a simultaneously increased open circuit voltage of 0.868 V, fill factor of 78.8%, and the comparable short‐circuit current density of 26.43 mA cm−2. This work indicates that the favorable 3D interpenetrating network morphology of Y6 containing blend films can be optimized by introducing small amount of a specific molecule with high crystallinity, thus providing an effective strategy to achieve better photovoltaic performance for state‐of‐the‐art Y6 analogs‐based organic solar cells.
Bruck syndrome in 13 new patients: Identification of five novel FKBP10 and PLOD2 variants and further expansion of the phenotypic spectrum
Authors: Otaify Ghada A. , Abdel‐Hamid Mohamed S. , Hassib Nehal F. , Elhossini Rasha M. , Abdel‐Ghafar Sherif F. , Aglan Mona S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBruck Syndrome (BS) is a very rare disorder characterized by osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) associated with congenital contractures and is caused by mutations in FKBP10 or PLOD2 genes. Herein, we describe 13 patients from 9 unrelated Egyptian families with BS. All patients had white sclerae, recurrent fractures, kyphoscoliosis and osteoporosis with variable degrees of severity. Large joint contractures were seen in 11 patients, one patient had contractures of small interphalangeal joints, and one patient had no contractures. Unusual findings noted in individual patients included microcephaly, dental malocclusion, enamel hypoplasia, unilateral congenital dislocation of knee joint, prominent tailbone, and myopathy. Nine different variants were identified in FKBP10 and PLOD2 including five novel ones. FKBP10 variants were found in six families (67%) while PLOD2 variants were identified in three families (33%). The four families, with two affected sibs each, showed inter‐ and intrafamilial phenotypic variability. In conclusion, we report five novel variants in FKBP10 and PLOD2 thus, expanding the mutational spectrum of BS. In addition, our results expand the phenotypic spectrum, describe newly associated orodental findings, and further illustrate the phenotypic overlap between OI and Bruck syndrome supporting the suggestion of considering BS as a variant of OI rather than a separate entity.
Sleep‐disordered breathing in pediatric neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Bulian Anna , Couloigner Vincent , Belhous Kahina , Luscan Romain , Khirani Sonia , Fauroux Brigitte 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe relationship between neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) has not been widely studied. The aim of the study was to analyze SDB in children with NF1 of the respiratory system. All children with NF1 followed between September 2008 and July 2020 who had a respiratory polygraphy (RP) were included. The clinical charts, cerebral and cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and RP were analyzed. Twenty‐two patients (11 girls, median age at RP 8.3 [0.2–18.2] years) were included in the study. Nine patients (41%) had a NF1 involvement of the upper airways, 13 (59%) patients of the central nervous system (CNS), the cranial nerves (CN) and/or medulla, and 17 (77%) patients had a hypertrophy of the adenoids and/or tonsils. Five patients were treated with Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or noninvasive ventilation (NIV) before their first evaluation because of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Accordingly, 10 (45%) patients had no OSA, one (5%) mild OSA, 2 (9%) moderate OSA, and nine (41%) severe OSA. None of the patients had central sleep apnea. Despite upper airway surgery, three patients required CPAP, two could be weaned and one died after a switch to tracheostomy. None of the patients treated with CPAP/NIV could be weaned, one patient required tracheostomy. Neither the clinical nor the MRI findings were able to predict OSA on a RP. The prevalence of OSA in NF1 is high, regardless of the nature of airway obstruction and the clinical and MRI findings, underlining the value of a systematic RP. CPAP may reduce the need of tracheostomy.
Tf2O‐Mediated Regioselective C(sp2)−H Sulfenylation of Enaminones Using Methyl Sulfoxides as Sulfur Sources
Authors: Zhang Changyuan , Luo Jian , Zhang Jiantao , Chen Lulu , Zhu Xuncheng , Guo Mengping , Shen Chan , Li Zeng , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn efficient Tf2O‐mediated regioselective C(sp2)−H sulfenylation of enaminones has been described. Methyl sulfoxides are employed as sulfur sources to react with different types of enaminones under mild reaction conditions, providing a straightforward approach for the synthesis of β‐amino sulfides in up to 97% yield via one‐pot manner. Moreover, this sulfenylation proceeded smoothly with oxidant‐free and metal‐free.
Validation of a preclinical dry eye model in New Zealand white rabbits during and following topical instillation of 1% ophthalmic atropine sulfate
Authors: Sánchez‐Ríos Alejandra , Correa‐Gallegos Elba Yadira , Medina‐Espinoza José Manuel , Navarro‐Sanchez Andrea Anaid , Olvera‐Montaño Oscar , Baiza‐Durán Leopoldo , Muñoz‐Villegas Patricia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to validate an animal model for dry eye during and after the administration of 1% ophthalmic atropine sulfate (OAS) in New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits.MethodsOAS (1%) was applied three times per day to 30 eyes of 15 healthy NZW rabbits. Sacrifice, enucleation, and lacrimal gland removal took place on days 15, 21, and 30 (OAS group). A second group (n = 5) was used as control. Clinical evaluations took place on days 3, 10, 15, 18, 21, 24 and 30. The primary endpoints were: Schirmer I test, tear break‐up time (TBUT), and corneal fluorescein staining. As secondary endpoints, clinical changes including intraocular pressure, and histopathology were evaluated.ResultsWhile OAS was administered, the Schirmer I test showed a statistically significant reduction for OAS group versus control (p < 0.001), and versus basal production (p < 0.001). TBUT showed statistically significant differences between groups (days 3 and 10;p = 0.001) and versus basal values (day 3;p < 0.001). Fluorescein staining showed a statistically significant difference (day 3;p = 0.001). The most frequent clinical finding was conjunctival hyperemia (76.9% OAS vs. 20% control). For histopathology, all OAS subjects presented some degree of inflammation (86.7% minimal; 13.3% mild) whereas the control presented only 30% minimal inflammation. Goblet cell density showed no difference.ConclusionsThe effectiveness of the OAS dry eye model in NZW rabbits as reported in previous studies was confirmed, provided that the application of the drug is maintained throughout the intervention; it is not a viable model after OAS administration is suspended.
Asymmetric Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation of 2‐Vinylbenzyl Alcohols with Chiral Boro‐Phosphates
Authors: Han Caifang , Meng Wei , Feng Xiangqing , Du Haifeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAsymmetric intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of alkenes represents a very important approach to access optically active cyclic ethers. It was found that B(C6F5)3 could catalyze the cyclization of 2‐vinylbenzyl alcohols with only 0.05 mol % catalyst loading, affording the desired product in high yields. To accomplish the asymmetric reaction, a novel type of chiral boro‐phosphates was developed by treating chiral phosphoric acid with Piers’ borane, in which the oxygen atom of P=O and the boron atom act as Lewis base and acid centers, respectively. A highly enantioselective hydroalkoxylation was successfully realized to give optically active 1,3‐dihydroisobenzofuran derivatives in 78–99 % yields with 60–97 % ee's, in which an activation of O−H bond of alcohols by the boro‐phosphate species is hypothesized.
Visualizing Proteins in Mammalian Cells by 19F NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhu Wenkai , Guseman Alex J. , Bhinderwala Fatema , Lu Manman , Su Xun‐Cheng , Gronenborn Angela M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn‐cell NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate protein behavior in physiologically relevant environments. Although proven valuable for disordered proteins, we show that in commonly used 1H‐15N HSQC spectra of globular proteins, interactions with cellular components often broaden resonances beyond detection. This contrasts 19F spectra in mammalian cells, in which signals are readily observed. Using several proteins, we demonstrate that surface charges and interaction with cellular binding partners modulate linewidths and resonance frequencies. Importantly, we establish that 19F paramagnetic relaxation enhancements using stable, rigid Ln(III) chelate pendants, attached via non‐reducible thioether bonds, provide an effective means to obtain accurate distances for assessing protein conformations in the cellular milieu.
Micromechanically‐Powered Rolling Locomotion of a Twisted‐Crystal Optical‐Waveguide Cavity as a Mobile Light Polarization Rotor
Authors: Rohullah Mehdi , Pradeep Vuppu Vinay , Ravi Jada , Kumar Avulu Vinod , Chandrasekar Rajadurai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate mechanically‐powered rolling locomotion of a twisted‐microcrystal optical‐waveguide cavity on the substrate, rotating the output signal's linear‐polarization. Self‐assembly of (E)‐2‐bromo‐6‐(((4‐methoxyphenyl)imino)methyl)‐4‐nitrophenol produces naturally twisted microcrystals. The strain between several intergrowing, orientationally mismatched nanocrystalline fibres dictates the pitch lengths of the twisted crystals. The crystals are flexible, perpendicular to twisted (001) and (010) planes due to π⋅⋅⋅π stacking, C−H⋅⋅⋅Br, N−H⋅⋅⋅O and C−H⋅⋅⋅O interactions. The twisted crystals in their straight and bent geometries guide fluorescence along their body axes and display optical modes. Depending upon the degree of mechanical rolling locomotion, the crystal‐waveguide cavity correspondingly rotates the output signal polarization. The presented twisted‐crystal cavity with a combination of mechanical locomotion and photonic attributes unfolds a new dimension in mechanophotonics.
Recent developments of layered transition metal oxide cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries toward desired high performance
Authors: Li Siqing , Sun Yuanyuan , Pang Yuepeng , Xia Shuixin , Chen Taiqiang , Sun Hao , Zheng Shiyou , Yuan Tao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the development of society, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) attract more and more attention and are expected to be the next generation of daily energy storage devices. Among the previously reported cathode materials for SIBs, the layered transition metal oxides are considered to be the most competitive cathode materials due to their high specific capacities, simple synthesis process, and many similar advantages to the successful Li transition metal oxides in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). This review summarizes the recent progress of layered transition metal oxide cathode materials for SIBs, which mainly include Mn‐based, Ni/Mn‐based, Ni/Co/Mn‐based, and Ni/Fe/Mn‐based layered cathode materials. The remaining challenges and future developments for the layered transition metal oxide cathode materials are also discussed. This review is expected to provide some insights into the development of layered transition metal oxide cathodes for high‐performance SIBs.
Saagar Manthan (The churning of the great ocean)—How I came to understand psychoanalysis through Hindu mythology
Authors: Agrawal Himanshu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMuch has been written in psychoanalytic literature about the many gods and mortals of Greek mythology, however, a search on PEPWEB with the keywords ‘Hindu mythology’ revealed scant results. The fact that, barring some exceptions that may shed light on the original Oedipus, Ganesha (Kakar, 2005; Tang & Smith, 1996) a culture which acknowledges 33 million gods and uncountable parables has generally gone untapped for its psychological sap probably serves as a reminder that psychoanalysis has been mainly a westerner's craft. With this essay I intend to share thoughts that have emerged during my own analysis, memories from childhood, and reveries in adulthood. I intend to share how my thoughts about Hindu mythology have helped me understand how the complex process of psychoanalysis might work.