bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apolipoprotein C1 as a Novel Biomarker for Evaluating Immunotherapy Drug Responses and Clinical Prognosis for Microsatellite Unstable Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ou Guowei , Wang Haocheng , Yang Tingting , Yuan Peiyi , Wang Qiouyu , Sun Yanqi , Cui Chunhui , Wang Chuyan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and women worldwide. Although improved screening has significantly reduced its incidence, the occurrence and death rates of CRC in younger people have increased in the last few decades. Following initial successes in melanoma treatment, immunotherapy has rapidly become a major treatment modality for deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) CRCs. Previous reports have demonstrated the association of apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) with several cancers; however, the function of APOC1 in MSI-H CRC remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of APOC1 in clinical prognosis and immunotherapy drug responses in CRC.Results: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was searched, and through relevant machine learning algorithms and bioinformatics correlation analysis, APOC1 was identified as a gene possibly associated with CRC. The correlation between APOC1 expression, clinical prognosis, and response to immunotherapeutic drugs was also analysed based on public data. The findings were then validated using independent datasets from different technology platforms, including single-cell datasets. MSI-H CRC transcriptome data were downloaded from TCGA, and the tumour microenvironment (TME) model classified the TME of MSI-H CRC patients into four clusters; the IE (immune-enriched, non-fibrotic) subtype and other subtypes had less overlap and were relatively discrete. The screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were overlapped, and one common DEG (APOC1) was screened out. The results showed that APOC1 expression in CRC was positively correlated with tumour mutation burden, MSI, neoantigen, and signalling pathways such as myeloid cells and cytokines and immune scores. However, APOC1 expression in CRC was significantly negatively correlated with MMR-related genes. APOC1 was highly correlated with immune-related cell enrichment and immune checkpoints in colon adenocarcinoma patients and was more highly expressed in malignant cells than in normal cells, according to the single-cell data analysis. APOC1 expression in tumour tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The same conclusions can be obtained from different detection techniques and platforms. Conclusions: It was revealed that the APOC1 tumour level in MSI-H CRC was correlated with clinical prognosis and response to immunotherapeutic drugs.
Information-Set Deep Learning Architectures for Improving Classification of Noisy Patterns
Authors: Bhardwaj Saurabh , Wang Yizhi , Yu Guoqiang , Wang Yue 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Deep learning models have been widely used in many supervised learning applications. These models, however, suffer from the problem of overfitting due to various types of uncertainty with deteriorating performance when facing data biases, class imbalance, or noise propagation. To address the critical problem of the absence of robust deep learning models, we propose Information-Set Deep learning (ISDL) architectures with four variants by integrating information set theory and deep learning principle. We describe the ISDL architectures, learning algorithms, and analytic workflows. We evaluate and compare the performance of the ISDL models and standard architectures using a noise-corrupted benchmark dataset. The experimental results show that the ISDL models can efficiently handle noise-dominated uncertainty and outperform peer architectures.
Clinical features predictive of vision loss in patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma: A single tertiary center experience
Authors: Kim Mirinae , Suh Hyun , Park Young Gun , Park Young-Hoon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To clarify the long-term visual prognosis and prognostic factors for vision loss in patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL).Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study included 64 consecutive patients with VRL. We analyzed the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography findings, and clinical features at every visit. Significant vision loss was defined as a final BCVA ≥0.5 logMAR. Predictors of significant vision loss following treatment were evaluated using univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. Results: We included 64 eyes of 64 patients (mean age, 64.2±10.9 years), and 49 patients (76.6%) showed bilateral ocular involvement. The mean follow-up duration was 35.4±25.8 months. At diagnosis, 36 (56.3%), 17 (26.6%), and 11 (17.2%) patients had primary, secondary, and concurrent VRL, respectively. All patients received intraocular methotrexate injections (mean, 16.3±5.9 injections). The mean BCVA improved from 0.46±0.33 at diagnosis to 0.39±0.32 1 month after treatment initiation. Vision improved significantly after treatment (final mean BCVA, 0.29±0.29). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that baseline BCVA and retinal/subretinal infiltration were significantly correlated with vision loss.Conclusion: In this study, a good visual outcome was maintained for >35 months in patients with VRL. Baseline BCVA and retinal/subretinal infiltration were significant predictors of vision loss after treatment for VRL.
Metachronous bile duct cancers originate from primary cancer clones
Authors: Aoki Shuichi , Omori Yuko , Inoue Koetsu , Iseki Masahiro , Nakayama Shun , Douchi Daisuke , Miura Takayuki , Ishida Masaharu , Ohtsuka Hideo , Mizuma Masamichi , Nakagawa Kei , Ono Yusuke , Morikawa Takanori , Mizukami Yusuke , Furukawa Toru , Unno Michiaki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metachronous tumors arising in the remnant bile duct after surgical resection for primary biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rarely treated surgically and have not been well documented. This study aimed to clarify the clinicopathological and genomic features of metachronous tumors arising in the remnant bile duct. Consecutive 12 patients who underwent resection for metachronous BTCs arising in the remnant bile duct after primary surgical resection between 2008 and 2020 were enrolled. Clinicopathological analysis and genomic analysis using targeted amplicon sequencing for 31 biliary tract cancer-related genes, including TP53, APC, ARID1A, ARID2, BAP1, CDKN2A, CTNNB1, ELF3, ERBB2, GNAS, IDH1, KRAS, and SMAD4, and immunohistochemistry for p53, p16, SMAD4, ARID1A, and β-catenin, were performed on 12 matched pair of primary and metachronous BTCs. In the 12 patients, 7 metachronous tumors developed antegradely in the lower portion of the biliary tree, and the remaining 5 metachronous tumors developed retrogradely in the upper portion, with negative bile duct margin at the initial operations. Molecular analysis revealed mutations and copy number alterations in TP53 (87.5%), APC (20.8%), CTNNB1 (20.8%), KRAS (12.5%), GNAS (8.3%), and RNF43 (8.3%). In comparison analysis, the matched primary and metachronous tumors shared identical genomic features in 10 cases, except in 2 cases showing metachronous perihilar and distal bile duct carcinomas after gallbladder cancer resection. Seven patients survived without recurrence, 5 showed postoperative local recurrences, and 2 died. Nine patients achieved 5-year overall survival after primary surgery. In conclusion, among the 12 patients with subsequent metachronous BTCs, 10 originated from neoplastic clones of the primary carcinoma, indicating recurrence due to intramural metastases or intraductal disseminations. Repeated surgical approach for metachronous BTCs may provide definitive local control and potentially prolong survival in these patients.
Neotectonic Indications from the Western and Southern Deserts of Iraq
Authors: Sissakian Varoujan K. , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Laue Jan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Iraqi Western and Southern deserts are part of the Iraqi Stable Shelf (Inner Platform) that belongs to the Arabian Plate. Therefore, both deserts lack tectonic forms like folds, faults; however, very rarely faults and regional lineaments can be seen in both deserts. Although both deserts are tectonically stable; but tens of Neotectonic indications can be seen everywhere in both deserts. Among those indications are: Straight valleys, perpendicular valley bending's, sinkholes aligned along straight lines, dislocated valleys, knickpoints within valleys aligned along straight lines, regional lineaments, anomalous valley shapes, trends and types, dissected alluvial fans. We have used existing geological maps of different scales and Esri World Imagery to recognize those Neotectonic indications. All those recognized features are excellent indications that both the Iraqi Western and Southern deserts are tectonically not stable. Accordingly, new terminology is suggested instead of the Stable Shelf (Inner Platform) that is “Less Disturbed Shelf”.
mtDNA Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) Aanalyses, zoogeography and Morphology of the Red Shoulder Wrasse, Stethojulis bandanensis (Bleeker, 1851) from Indian EEZ
Authors: Kar Chinmay , Shabeena K.S. , V.P. Limna Mol , K.K. Idreesbabu , Nayana N , Thomas Minu , Sureshkumar S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A single female juvenile specimen of Stethojulis bandanensis (Bleeker, 1851) was collected from Kavaratti Island. The species showed a circumglobal distribution with a gap from the Bay of Bengal to the Western Indian Ocean. The present report fills a wide gap in the distributional record of the species to confirmation with reference voucher specimen and barcode. We generated the partial COI sequence of S. bandanensis to develop Neighbor-Joining and Maximum Likelihood trees to assess the phylogenetic relationship with other allied species and to understand the genetic uniqueness of this fish. Genetically S. bandanensis clade is closer with S. balteata and less with S. terina. The present article provides morphological features, distributional records, and phylogenetic affinity of the species to elucidate its occurrence along the coast of Lakshadweep in light of its ecology.
Application of ozonation-biodegradation hybrid system for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation
Authors: Olak-Kucharczyk Magdalena , Festinger Natalia , Smułek Wojciech 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Creosote, a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), was and is a wood impregnate of widespread use. Over the years the accumulation of creosote PAHs in soils and freshwaters has increased causing a threat to ecosystems. To improve the slow and inefficient biodegradation of creosote hydrocarbons the combined ozonation-biodegradation process is proposed. The impact of different ozonation ways on biodegradation of model wastewater was evaluated. The biodegradation rate, the changes in chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon concentration were measured to give wide insight into the process. Moreover, the bacteria consortium activity was monitored during biodegradation step of the process. The collected data confirmed the research hypothesis, that the hybrid method can improve biodegradation. The pre-ozonation followed by inoculation with bacteria consortium resulted in a significant increase in biodegradation rate. It allows to short the time, when the consortium reached maximum degradation effectiveness and cell activity. Hence, the study give an important and useful perspective for decontamination of creosote-polluted ecosystems.
Clinical, radiographic characterizations and complications of maxillary molar in a non-agomphiasis periodontitis population: a retrospective study based on CBCT three-dimensional reconstruction
Authors: Jiang Yue , Cui Wenxiao , Wu Qingheng , Wang Hanjiao , Zheng Lihe , Chen Jialu , Wang Xiaoqian , Li Lu , Guo Shuyu , Xu Yan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study was aimed to delineate the clinical, 3-dimentional radiographic characteristics and complications of maxillary molar in a non-agomphiasis periodontitis population.
Materials and methods
Medical records and CBCT images were utilized to identify adult patients with periodontitis in a tertiary referral dental hospital between June 2019 and December 2020. CBCT scan coupled with 3-dimentional reconstruction were used to characterize the detailed bone thickness, absorbing height and position of maxillary molar as well as their associated conditions. All relevant descriptive epidemiological data, clinical information, radiographic details and associated complications were recorded and statistically analyzed.
Results
According to the above criteria, 577 eligible periodontitis patients were enrolled and defined as research cohort here with mean age 45 ± 4.8 years. Male patients outnumbered females with a gender ratio of 1.23:1. Our results demonstrated that the bone loss of maxillary first molar was more serious than that of second molar with tooth position symmetry. The occurrence of various complications (periodontal abscess, pulp lesions, furcation lesion and mucosal thickening) was significantly correlated to periodontal-related clinical parameters of maxillary molar.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrated the more serious bone loss of maxillary first molar with tooth position symmetry. The occurrence of various complications was significantly correlated to periodontal-related clinical parameters. Our findings offer valuable information concerning the clinical, radiographic characteristics and complications of maxillary molar in a non-agomphiasis periodontitis population.
Clinical relevance:
These findings are beneficial for clinicians to comprehensively understand the bone status, pathogenesis, and clinical management of maxillary molar in periodontitis.
The prevalence and associated risk factors of low birth weight in singleton term pregnancies
Authors: Ranjbar Amene , Jahromi Maliheh Shirzadfard , Shekari Mitra , Darsareh Fatemeh , Mehrnoush Vahid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies in various parts of the world have revealed the factors contributing to low birth weight (LBW), classified as maternal, paternal, and obstetrical factors. However, the risk factors for LBW varied greatly across geographical settings. Thus, the main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of LBW among term newborns in Bandar Abbas, Iran.Methods: We retrospectively assessed singleton term pregnant mothers who gave birth at Khaleej-e-Fars Hospital (a tertiary hospital) in Bandar Abbas, Iran, between January 1st, 2020, and January 1st, 2022. Demographic factors (age, educational level, residency place, medical insurance, access to prenatal care facilities, smoking status), obstetrical factors (gestational age, parity, newborn sex, oligohydramnios, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), abnormal placentation, placenta abruption) and maternal comorbidities (overt diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, cardiovascular disease, thyroid dysfunction, drug addiction, hepatitis, anemia, infertility, and COVID-19 at the time of admission) were extracted from electronic data of each mother. The Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the groups for categorical variables. Logistic regression models were used to assess the LBW risk factors.Results: Of 7440 singleton term deliveries during the study period, 460 (6.2%) were LBW. Maternal age was the only demographic factor that was significantly different between groups. In bivariate analysis, maternal age, parity, newborn sex, and preeclampsia were significantly associated with LBW. Mothers at the age of 13-19 aOR 1.97 (CI 1.26-12.98), primiparous mothers aOR 2.44 (CI 2.01-3.17), mothers with female fetus aOR 3.79 (CI 2.13-3.99), and mothers diagnosed with preeclampsia aOR 1.71 (CI 1.35-2.99) were at higher risk of having LBW in multivariate analysis.Conclusions: LBW has been linked to several factors. Significant predictors of LBW were found to be maternal age, parity, newborn sex, and preeclampsia. Health care providers should focus on identifying factors to address the problem of LBW.
Human Papillomavirus 16 E6 Promotes Angiogenesis of Lung Cancer by SNHG1
Authors: Nie Zhenkai , Zhang Kaihua , Li Zhantao , Bing Xiaohan , Jin Shan , Li Mingru 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a risk factor for lung cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying is not known. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play an important part in the occurrence and development of lung cancer due to their particular characteristics. HPV induced lung carcinogenesis are incompletely defined. We aim to screen and clarify the functions of lncRNAs that are differentially expressed in HPV related lung cancer. We find that lncRNA SNHG1 is upregulated in lung cancer cells infected with HPV16 E6 by qRT-PCR. Further results demonstrate that SNHG1 overexpression facilitates the tube formation of lung cancer cells in vitro. Our results also indicate that SNHG1 might function in lung cancer by binding with EGFR. Further studies indicate that SNHG1 overexpression can activate nuclear factor κb (NF-κB) pathway which increases the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6). We also find IL-6 can activate STAT3 pathway which promote the VEGF-D expression. These results expanded our understanding of SNHG1 as a new avenue for therapeutic intervention against lung cancer progression. Upregulation of SNHG1 by HPV infection might be an undefined link between lung cancer and HPV.
Calprotectin as a non-invasive biomarker for Acute Noninfectious Granulomatous Anterior Uveitis in Egyptian Patients
Authors: Nage Sara Abd El meged , Esmail Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To study the relation between serum calprotectin level and acute noninfectious anterior uveitis in Egyptian patients.
Methods
An observational prospective study carried out at Menoufia University Hospital during the period from march 2021 till June 2022, after informed consent from all studied patients. This study included 20 eyes of patients with Acute Anterior Uveitis (AAU) and 20 eyes healthy individuals matched sex and age as the control group. Full history taking, ophthalmological examination and serum calprotectin levels were performed for both patients and controls.
Results
The majority of AAU patients' eyes (55%) had a moderate grade, followed by a faint grade (30%) and a pronounced grade (15%). Serum calprotectin levels were substantially higher in patients with acute anterior uveitis than in healthy eyes (61.45 ± 7.89 vs. 32.50 ± 11.64; 95% CI: 22.58–35.32; P < 0.001). In comparison to negative previous uveitis and mild to moderate anterior uveitis, serum calprotectin levels were substantially higher with positive previous uveitis (64.75 ± 4.65) and notable grade (67.00 ± 2.65). The serum calprotectin cutoff point for diagnosing AAU was 58.0, with sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 43%. Serum calprotectin had a cutoff value in the prognosis of AAU of 63.0, with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 37.5%.
Conclusion
Serum calprotectin levels was significantly higher with positive previous uveitis and marked grade indicating a possible role of calprotectin in the pathogenesis of noninfectious AAU. Finally, we discovered serum calprotectin as a possible biomarker for predicting patients' mortality risk and the likelihood of developing anterior uveitis, whose prompt monitoring may enhance the prognosis of anterior uveitis.
Sources and chronology of soluble salt formation in a medieval dovecote caught up in urbanization: a resilience story?
Authors: Chabas Anne , Kloppmann Wolfram , Sizun Jean-Pierre , Wille Guillaume , Coman Adriana , Petitmangin Aline , Nowak Sophie , Martin Erwan , Jurgens Marie-Ange 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The dovecote is one of the last two witnesses of the medieval history of the city of Creteil (11 km SE of Paris). Classified as a historical monument by the French Ministry of Culture in 1972, it was moved away from its original location the same year and restored between 1980 and 1987. Fifty years after its displacement, the dovecote still shows salt efflorescence on the inner and outer wall surface. The aim of this study is to determine the composition and the ancient or modern source of these salts and whether their presence is harmful to the preservation of the dovecote. A combination of low- to non-invasive methods associating microclimatic measurements, mineralogical, petrophysical, chemical, and isotopic analyses on micro-samples with historical documentation are used to find the causes of salt enrichment and migration throughout and after the service life of this monument.
Prevalence and correlates of modifiable risk factors for cervical cancer and HPV infection among senior high school students in Ghana: A latent class analysis
Authors: Ampofo Ama Gyamfua , Boyes Allison W , Asibey Shadrack Osei , Oldmeadow Christopher , Mackenzie Lisa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWhile health risk behaviours are likely to co-occur, there is a dearth of studies exploring the clustering of cervical cancer and HPV infection risk factors among adolescents. This study aimed to determine: 1) the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for cervical cancer and HPV infection, 2) the clustering of modifiable risk factors for cervical cancer and HPV infection, and 3) factors associated with the identified clusters. MethodsFemale students (aged 16-24 years, N=2400) recruited from 17 randomly selected senior high schools in the Ashanti Region, Ghana completed a questionnaire assessing modifiable risk factors for cervical cancer and HPV infection including early sexual intercourse (>18 years), unprotected sex and smoking. Latent class analysis explored separate classes of students according to their risk factor profiles for cervical cancer and HPV infection. Latent class regression analysis explored factors associated with latent class memberships. ResultsApproximately one in three students (34%, 95%CI: 32%-36%) reported exposure to at least one risk factor. Two separate classes emerged: high-risk and low-risk (cervical cancer: 24% and 76% of students, respectively; HPV infection: 26% and 74% of students, respectively). Participants with higher risk factor knowledge had significantly higher odds of belonging to cervical cancer and HPV infection high-risk classes. Participants with greater perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer and HPV infection were more likely to belong to the high-risk HPV infection class. Sociodemographic characteristics and greater perceived seriousness about cervical cancer and HPV infection had significantly lower odds of belonging to both high-risk classes. ConclusionsThe distinction between high and low-risk classes for cervical cancer and HPV infection risk factors suggests the need to tailor different health interventions targeting students who are at risk, especially in resource-constrained situations and settings.