bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Necropolitics Beyond the Exception: Parapolicing, Milícia Urbanism, and the Assassination of Marielle Franco in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Hutta Jan Simon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEngaging with the assassination of black city councillor Marielle Franco, the paper discusses how “milícia urbanism”, a formation of power and capital accumulation driven by parapolice networks, intensifies the necropolitical governance of Rio de Janeiro. Specifically, this necropolitics is characterised by liaisons among armed, political, institutional and economic actors that enable acts of violence with impunity, aggravating the conditions of violence for subaltern populations. Dialoguing with the Black Studies debate on necropolitics and works on violent democracies, the paper situates milícia urbanism within a postcolonial genealogy of parapolicing. Ever since the colonial plantation, it is argued, parapolicing has been integral to a power technology that avoids sovereign accountability while serving white capital interests. Whereas previous accounts of necropolitics have centred on the sovereign exception, this genealogy furthers an understanding of necropolitics “beyond the exception”. The paper concludes that Marielle Franco’s black‐feminist politics has been vital to contestations of this necropolitics.
Who gets injured at home? Evidence from older people in France
Authors: Bonnal Liliane , Buitrago Gámez Greivis , Favard Pascal , Oros Cornel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe study analyses unintentional home and leisure injuries (HLIs) for the French senior population using data from the 2012 wave of the French health, health care and insurance survey. The results of our logit models reveal that health status, age, and risky attitudes are the main characteristics associated with HLIs for older people. When the severity of injuries is taken into consideration, the highest exposure to HLIs concerns the oldest seniors, aged 85 years old or older, with deteriorated health. This result is confirmed in the case of severe indoor HLIs, whereas for severe outdoor injuries, the most vulnerable individuals seem to be younger seniors, that is, 75–79 years old. Moreover, our findings suggest that HLIs, and mainly severe home HLIs, generate a short‐term influence on a person's health.
ELIOT: A platform to navigate the E3 pocketome and aid the design of new PROTACs
Authors: Palomba Tommaso , Baroni Massimo , Cross Simon , Cruciani Gabriele , Siragusa Lydia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProteolysis‐targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are novel therapeutics for the treatment of human disease. They exploit the enormous potential of the E3 ligases, a class of proteins that mark a target protein for degradation via the ubiquitin–proteasome system. Despite the existence of several E3 ligase‐related databases, the choice of the functioning ligase is limited to only 1.6% of those available, probably due to the fragmentary understanding of their structures and their known ligands; in fact, none of the existing databases report detailed studies covering their 3D structure or their pockets. Here, we report ELIOT (E3 LIgase pocketOme navigaTor), an accurate and complete platform containing the E3 ligase pocketome to enable navigation and selection of new E3 ligases and new ligands for the design of new PROTACs. All E3 ligase pockets were characterized with innovative 3D descriptors including their PROTAC‐ability score, and similarity analyses between E3 pockets are presented. Tissue specificity and their degree of involvement in patients with specific cancer types are also annotated for each E3 ligase, enabling appropriate selection for the design of a PROTAC with improved specificity. All data are available at https://eliot.moldiscovery.com.
House price volatility in China: Demand versus supply
Authors: Germaschewski Yin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the transmission mechanisms that underlie China's house price fluctuations using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model. The model is estimated with Bayesian methods, which accounts well for business cycle properties of the housing market. Results show that shocks to housing productivity and the government land supply to housing developers are the primary contributors to house price volatility, accounting for 37% of house price volatility in the short run and 32% in the long run. The importance of housing valuation shocks and shocks to migration only increases in models without the supply side of the housing market.
Assessment of mechanical and fatigue crack growth properties of wire + arc additively manufactured mild steel components
Authors: Shamir Muhammad , Igwemezie Victor , Lotfian Saeid , Jones Rhys , Asif Huzaifa , Ganguly Supriyo , Mehmanparast Ali 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA study has been conducted to evaluate the mechanical and fatigue crack propagation properties of wire + arc additively manufactured ER70S‐6 components. A parallel‐built deposition strategy was employed to fabricate the additively manufactured wall. The hardness values were slightly higher at the bottom and top of the wall due to the presence of Widmanstätten ferrite and carbides. The characterization of mechanical properties in both orientations; parallel and perpendicular to the deposition direction showed a marginal difference in yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. The crack growth rates were correlated with linear elastic fracture mechanics parameter ΔK and compared with an oscillation‐built deposition strategy from the literature. The crack growth rates of both deposition strategies were found to be very similar to each other. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the variability in the crack growth histories can be reasonably well captured by using the NASGRO crack growth equation.
Distribution and photosynthetic potential of epilithic periphyton along an altitudinal gradient in Jue River (Qinling Mountain, China)
Authors: Li Nan , Hao Yongrong , Sun Haotian , Wu Qiong , Tian Yulu , Mo Jiezhang , Yang Fangshe , Song Jinxi , Guo Jiahua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Periphyton in aquatic ecosystems play a crucial ecological role in element cycling and are susceptible to natural disturbances and anthropogenic activities. To understand the responses of periphytic communities to water quality factors and altitude gradients, DNA metabarcoding was employed to investigate the distribution characteristics of epilithic periphyton (comprising prokaryotes and eukaryotes).

Epilithic periphyton and water were sampled at 26 sampling sites with an altitude ranging from 445 to 1,565 m in the Jue River and its three tributaries in Qinling Mountain, China. The altitudinal patterns of water quality variables were initially investigated, followed by redundancy analysis and distance‐based linear models to explore the responses of community structure to altitudes and water quality. Meanwhile, the relationship between these variables and fluorescence parameters to reflect the photosynthesis of epilithic periphyton along an altitudinal gradient was examined.

The results indicated that with decreasing elevation, water quality variables including total dissolved solids (TDS), water temperature, conductivity, salinity, and concentrations of ‐N, total nitrogen, and ‐N increased. This pattern was closely associated with the intensification of anthropogenic disturbance downstream. Specifically, higher salinity and water temperature downstream may reduce the prokaryotic biodiversity but promote the diversity and evenness of eukaryotes; higher concentrations of total nitrogen may increase the diversity, richness, and evenness of the whole periphyton community. Furthermore, salinity, nutrients, and TDS were identified as crucial variables shaping periphyton community structure, especially salinity and TDS, which were linked to the growth of chlorophytes.

The attenuated maximum photochemical efficiency of periphyton at high altitudes indicated that photosystem II was inhibited, while the enhancement of maximum photochemical efficiency at low altitudes may be attributed to the reduced abundance of synurophyceae and increased chlorophyte abundance with strong photosynthetic capacity.

The spatial distribution of the structure and photosynthetic activity of the periphyton community along the altitudinal gradient of the Jue River and its tributaries showed that most water quality variables were negatively correlated with altitude. The photosynthetic efficiency of periphyton declined at high altitudes because the abundance of chlorophytes was lower at higher altitude reaches. This pattern of periphyton structural composition and function with altitude may also exist in other alpine rivers influenced by anthropogenic impacts.
Anthropogenically driven climate and landscape change effects on inland water carbon dynamics: What have we learned and where are we going?
Authors: Pilla Rachel M. , Griffiths Natalie A. , Gu Lianhong , Kao Shih‐Chieh , McManamay Ryan , Ricciuto Daniel M. , Shi Xiaoying 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInland waters serve as important hydrological connections between the terrestrial landscape and oceans but are often overlooked in global carbon (C) budgets and Earth System Models. Terrestrially derived C entering inland waters from the watershed can be transported to oceans but over 83% is either buried in sediments or emitted to the atmosphere before reaching oceans. Anthropogenic pressures such as climate and landscape changes are altering the magnitude of these C fluxes in inland waters. Here, we synthesize the most recent estimates of C fluxes and the differential contributions across inland waterbody types (rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, and ponds), including recent measurements that incorporate improved sampling methods, small waterbodies, and dried areas. Across all inland waters, we report a global C emission estimate of 4.40 Pg C/year (95% confidence interval: 3.95–4.85 Pg C/year), representing a 13% increase from the most recent estimate. We also review the mechanisms by which the most globally widespread anthropogenically driven climate and landscape changes influence inland water C fluxes. The majority of these drivers are expected to influence terrestrial C inputs to inland waters due to alterations in terrestrial C quality and quantity, hydrological pathways, and biogeochemical processing. We recommend four research priorities for the future study of anthropogenic alterations to inland water C fluxes: (1) before‐and‐after measurements of C fluxes associated with climate change events and landscape changes, (2) better quantification of C input from land, (3) improved assessment of spatial coverage and contributions of small inland waterbodies to C fluxes, and (4) integration of dried and drawdown areas to global C flux estimates. Improved measurements of inland water C fluxes and quantification of uncertainty in these estimates will be vital to understanding both terrestrial C losses and the “moving target” of inland water C emissions in response to rapid and complex anthropogenic pressures.
Occupational integration of adults with severe haemophilia (INTHEMO): A study based on the FranceCoag registry
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Anh Thu , Auquier Pascal , Beltran Anzola Any , d'Oiron Roseline , Biron‐Andréani Christine , Lienhart Anne , Rauch Antoine , Baumstarck Karine , Boucekine Mohamed , Milien Vanessa , Rosso‐Delsemme Natacha , Tabele Clemence , Giraud Nicolas , Sannié Thomas , Chambost Hervé , Resseguier Noémie ,   the INTHEMO Study Group
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionHealth of people with severe haemophilia (PwSH) improves thanks to the advancements in haemophilia care, giving them more opportunities in occupational integration. However, there is little literature on the occupational integration of PwSH.ObjectivesThe main objective of our study was to assess the occupational integration of PwSH and to compare it with that of the general population. The secondary objective was to study the association between individual characteristics (sociodemographic, clinical and psycho‐behavioural) and occupational integration of PwSH.MethodsA multicentre, non‐interventional, cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2018–2020 on PwSH, aged over 18 and under 65 years and included in the FranceCoag registry. Measurements included indicators of occupational integration, sociodemographic, clinical and psycho‐behavioural characteristics. The indicators of occupational integration were compared with those of the general population, using indirect standardization. The data of the general population were available from the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE). Determinants of occupational integration were explored using structural equation modelling.ResultsOf 1262 eligible people, 588 were included. PwSH had a lower employment rate than the general population (standardized ratio, .85; 95% CI, .77–.94). There were more PwSH at tertiary education level than expected (standardized ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.17–1.61). HIV infection, poor physical health and mental health concerns were associated with a higher risk of unemployment in PwSH.ConclusionEmployment rate of PwSH is lower than that of the general population despite their higher education level. Target interventions focusing on determinants of difficult occupational integration could be helpful for PwSH.
Substance use related cluster headache: A case series
Authors: Mathew Thomas , John Saji Kaithavalappil , Javali Mahendra , Vasireddy Manoj , Nadig Raghunandan , Sarma Gosala Raja Kukkuta 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundEssential oils (EOs) with pro‐convulsant properties are known to cause seizures and may worsen migraine. Here we report five cases of cluster headache (CH) secondary to the usage of toothpastes containing pro‐convulsant EOs.MethodsPatients were identified from the headache clinics of three tertiary care hospitals in south India. Detailed history, examination, and brain magnetic resonance imaging were done in all patients. CH was diagnosed according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data.ResultsWe had five cases of EO‐related CH (EORCH), from February 2020 to August 2021; three females and two males, with age ranging from 19 to 54 years. Three had new onset CH, while two had previous cluster attacks which had become refractory to medications for the past 1 year. The toothpastes contained EOs of camphor, eucalyptus, sage, thujone, clove, and fennel in various combinations. These toothpastes were used for a period of at least 3 months in those with new onset CH and for 12 months or more by those with chronic CH. After stopping the usage of these toothpastes, the CH attacks resolved completely within 5–10 days in all patients. In one patient we re‐challenged with the same toothpaste and got the CH attack after a period of 2 months. None of the patients had recurrence of CH attacks at follow‐up, ranging from 1 to 2 years.ConclusionEOs with pro‐convulsive properties may trigger and sustain CH. Physicians may consider inquiring about the exposure to these pro‐convulsant EOs in patients with CH and may consider advising the discontinuation of products like toothpastes containing them as a possible means of CH remission.
The role of experts in forming family policy under an adversarial subsystem in the Czech Republic
Authors: Saxonberg Steven , Formánková Lenka , Hašková Hana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes the interplay between policymakers and scientists in developing the Family Policy Plan for the Czech Republic in 2017. As former members of the government commission that developed the plan, we base the article on participatory observation. When we joined the commission, a ‘window of opportunity’ had opened as the country for the first time ever had feminist‐friendly minister and vice‐minister of labour and social affairs. We explain why due to the inter‐ and intra‐party dynamics, the parental leave reform to introduce ‘daddy months’ failed. We argue an adversarial subsystem existed in that the three coalition partners disagreed on the reform. According to Ingold and Gschwend (2014), under such circumstances, scientists play a strategic role, especially if there is unity among them. However, although there was basic unity among the scientists in the commission, the coalition partners at the governing level were able to block or water down the reform proposal under the study.
Delta neutrophil index as a prognostic factor for mortality in patients with Fournier's gangrene
Authors: Shin In Sik , Gong Seong Chan , An Sanghyun , Kim Kwangmin 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThe delta neutrophil index represents the fraction of circulating immature granulocytes and is a marker of infection and sepsis. Our study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the delta neutrophil index in predicting mortality in patients with Fournier's gangrene.MethodsWe enrolled patients with Fournier's gangrene who were admitted to the Wonju Severance Christian Hospital (Wonju, Korea) between September 2010 and December 2021. We retrospectively analyzed the patients' characteristics, factors related to management, scoring systems such as the Fournier's Gangrene Severity Index, and laboratory data measured at initial presentation.ResultsThere were 58 (68.2%) survivors and 27 (31.8%) non‐survivors. The initial levels of serum lactate, hemoglobin, delta neutrophil index, albumin, international normalized ratio, creatinine, Fournier's Gangrene Severity Index, Uludag Fournier's Gangrene Severity Index, and prognostic nutritional index differed between survivors and non‐survivors. Age, international normalized ratio, and delta neutrophil index were independent predictors of mortality in Fournier's gangrene. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, delta neutrophil index on the day of admission was the best indicator of mortality (area under the curve, 0.804; 95% confidence interval [0.679–0.929]). The optimal cutoff for delta neutrophil index in predicting mortality was 11.25% (sensitivity, 74.1%; specificity, 91.4%). The initial delta neutrophil index was the best indicator of mortality (area under the curve, 0.804; 95% confidence interval 0.679–0.929).ConclusionThe delta neutrophil index can be useful for predicting mortality in patients with Fournier's gangrene. A delta neutrophil index >11.25% at initial presentation is a reliable predictor of Fournier's gangrene.
Use of research evidence in the policy domain: A best‐evidence synthesis of social science research in Africa, Asia, and Latin America
Authors: Fussy Daniel Sidney 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe use of research evidence in policymaking provides policymakers with a sound basis for policy decisions and actions. While the use of research evidence is on the rise, its evidence remains largely under‐reported especially from social sciences and developing world context. This may perpetuate the prevailing myth that policymakers do not use research evidence in policy deliberations and, thus, discourage researchers, funders, and policymakers from making greater investment in producing, disseminating, and using research evidence. Using the intersection of Weiss’ typology of research use and a best‐evidence synthesis approach, this paper reviews and reports evidence on the use of research evidence in the policy domain from four national level studies undertaken in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Conceptual and instrumental uses of research evidence are evident through a demand for research evidence, research‐based policy products, and citations of research in policy documents. The paper broadens our understanding on the use of research evidence from developing countries context and social science research, and informs different funders, researchers, and policymakers about the potential utility of research they respectively fund and/or undertake.
Blowing the whistle during the first wave of COVID‐19: A case study of Quebec nurses
Authors: Gagnon Marilou , Perron Amélie , Dufour Caroline , Marcogliese Emily , Pariseau‐Legault Pierre , Wright David Kenneth , Martin Patrick , Carnevale Franco A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe experiences of nurses who blew the whistle during the COVID‐19 pandemic have exposed gaps and revealed an urgent need to revisit our understanding of whistleblowing.AimThe aim was to develop a better understanding of whistleblowing during a pandemic by using the experiences and lessons learned of Quebec nurses who blew the whistle during the first wave of COVID‐19 as a case study. More specifically, to explore why and how nurses blew the whistle, what types of wrongdoing triggered their decision to do so and how context shaped the whistleblowing process as well as its consequences (including perceived consequences).DesignThe study followed a single‐case study design with three embedded units of analysis.MethodsWe used content analysis to analyse 83 news stories and 597 forms posted on a whistleblowing online platform. We also conducted 15 semi‐structured interviews with nurses and analysed this data using a thematic analysis approach. Finally, we triangulated the findings.ResultsWe identified five themes across the case study. (1) During the first wave of COVID‐19, Quebec nurses experienced a shifting sense of loyalty and relationship to workplace culture. (2) They witnessed exceedingly high numbers of intersecting wrongdoings amplified by mismanagement and long‐standing issues. (3) They reported a lack of trust and transparency; thus, a need for external whistleblowing. (4) They used whistleblowing to reclaim their rights (notably, the right to speak) and build collective solidarity. (5) Finally, they saw whistleblowing as an act of moral courage in the face of a system in crisis. Together, these themes elucidate why and how nurse whistleblowing is different in pandemic times.ConclusionOur findings offer a more nuanced understanding of nurse whistleblowing and address important gaps in knowledge. They also highlight the need to rethink external whistleblowing, develop whistleblowing tools and advocate for whistleblowing protection.ImpactIn many ways, the COVID‐19 pandemic has challenged our foundational understanding of whistleblowing and, as a result, it has limited the usefulness of existing literature on the topic for reasons that will be brought to light in this paper. We believe that studying the uniqueness of whistleblowing during a pandemic can address this gap by describing why and how health care workers blow the whistle during a pandemic and situating this experience within a broader social, political, organizational context.