bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dichloroacetate and reduced oxygen utilization induced metabolic regulation of the heart: A focus on the cardiac mitochondrial proteome
Authors: Andelova Natalia , Waczulikova Iveta , Kunstek Lukas , Talian Ivan , Ravingerova Tanya , Jasova Magdalena , Suty Simon , Ferko Miroslav 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Myocardial compensatory mechanisms stimulated by reduced oxygen utilization caused by streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (D) and treated with dichloroacetate (DCA) are presumably associated with the regulation of mitochondria. We aimed to promote the understanding of key signaling pathways and identify effectors involved in signal transduction. Proteomic analysis and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements revealed significantly decreased membrane potential and upregulated protein amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A (AOFA) in D mitochondria, indicative of oxidative damage. DCA in diabetic animals (D+DCA) downregulated AOFA, increased membrane potential, and stimulated thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase, a protein with antioxidant function. Furthermore, the D condition was associated with mitochondrial resistance to calcium overload through mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs) regulation, despite an increased protein level of voltage-dependent anion-selective protein (VDAC1). In contrast, D+DCA influenced ROS levels and downregulated VDAC1 and VDAC3 when compared to D alone. The diabetic myocardium showed an identical pattern of mPTP protein interactions as in the control group, but the interactions were attenuated. Characterization of the combined effect of D+DCA is a novel finding showing that DCA acted as an effector of VDAC protein interactions, calcium uptake regulation, and ROS production. Overall, D and DCA did not exhibit an additive effect, but an individual cardioprotective pathway.
Modeling and prediction of gear flank twist for generating gear grinding
Authors: Zhao Jun , Zhang Zijian , Pan Shujun , Liu Zhaoqin , Sun Xianshun , Lu Yongliang , Liang Siyuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Gear flank twist has a significant effect on the load-carrying capacity. However, most prediction models of gear flank twist can’t be applicable for gears with profile modification. A new method for predicting gear flank twist for the generating grinding process is developed in this paper, taking into consideration the effect of lead modifications, profile modifications and position errors of CNC machine tools on gear flank twist. And the influences of four gear parameters on gear flank twist were studied using orthogonal experiments, which proves that the change of module has the greatest effect on gear flank twist. And the maximal profile modification value has minimal effect on gear flank twist. The experimental results proved that the model can accurately predict the gear flank twist. Besides, this paper described an gear parameters optimization study to reduce gear flank twist based on nine well-planned orthogonal experiments.
Numerical simulation and experimental investigation of bending deformation mechanism during post-rolling air-cooling of AH36 L-beam
Authors: Zhao Xianming , Li Jie , Li Dezhi , Yang Yang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
L-beam is a widely used structural steel. The study of the three-stage bending deformation mechanism of L-beam under non-uniform cooling conditions is of great significance to ensure the quality, improve the yield of steel and reduce the stress level in the finished L-beam. However, it is difficult to investigate experimentally due to the high temperature and simultaneous changes of various influencing factors during the air-cooling process of the L-beam. Numerical simulation provides a convenient and feasible method to study the bending deformation mechanism of the L-beam. In order to investigate the effects of phase transformation and cooling shrinkage on the bending deformation of AH36 L-beam, a three-dimensional thermal-metallurgical-mechanical coupling model was established in this study, the microstructure distribution, hardness, strain, deformation status and stress during the air-cooling of L-beam were calculated. The results show that the microstructure distribution and deformation condition calculated by the model considering the phase transformation effect better agree with the actual situation. Considering the phase change effect is the key to improving the accuracy of the model calculation. The change of heat transfer coefficient caused by phase transformation affects the deformation tendency of the L-beam, while the transformation strain affects the amount of deformation of the L-beam. The alternating changes in the sum of the transformation strain and the cooling shrinkage strain result in a change of stress state which ultimately also results in a three-stage bending deformation of the L-beam.
Land-use planning for community-based ecotourism potentials in the central highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Angessa Abebe Tufa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to suggest suitable sites for community-based ecotourism (CBET) experiences and integrated management zone planning based on the potential of the site at the social-ecological Lake Wanchi watershed (LWW) and its adjacent landscapes. Comprehensive survey was made to obtain both the theoretical and conceptual insights before instigating the actual data collection. Data were collected using GIS and remote sensing supplemented with various biophysical and socio-economic field data, such as key informants interview, ground control points, and document analysis. The GIS-based multiple criteria decision analysis and the analytical hierarchy process were used for the identification of potential CBET sites, where visibility, vegetation-cover, elevation and slope were used as indicators for potential ecotourism attractions. Quantitative data captured through GIS and remote sensing application was analyzed using ArcGIS 10.3, while the non-quantifiable data were analyzed using context analysis and qualitative descriptions. Site suitability analysis resulted with four potential degrees of suitability classes: highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable and less suitable for ecotourism. Four potential eco-lodges and nine eco-camp sites were also identified. Subsequently, CBET potential suitability map for ecotourism experiences was generated, based on the linear combination of the criteria and indicators with their respective weights. Five key management zones, namely, protected zone (11.5%), multiple use zones (33%), sustainable use zone (13%), specific use zone (35.75%), and rehabilitation zone (6.7%) were identified. To maintain the sustainability of the local environment and the living conditions of residents any ecotourism enterprise must be planned based on the potential of the site.
A primate-specific (GCC) repeat in the untranslated region of SMAD9 undergoes natural selection and links with late-onset neurocognitive disorder in human
Authors: Alizadeh S , Khamse S , Afshar H , HR Khorram Khorshid , Delbari A , Ohadi M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Across numerous primate species and tissues, SMAD9 (SMAD Family Member 9) gene, reaches the highest level of expression in the human brain. This gene contains a short tandem repeat (STR) of (GCC) motifs at the interval between +1 and +60 of the transcription start site (ENST00000379826.5 SMAD9-202), which is in the 1st percent of high-ranking (GCC)-repeats in respect of length. Here we sequenced this (GCC)-repeat in a sample of 334 Iranian individuals, consisting of late-onset neurocognitive disorder (NCD) (N=167) and controls (N=167). We detected two predominant alleles of 7 and 9 repeats, with allele frequencies ranging from 0.42 and 0.54, and three other alleles of frequencies <0.03 across the human samples studied. The frequency ratio of the (GCC)7 and (GCC)9 alleles was in the reverse order in the NCD group vs. controls, resulting from the excess of (GCC)7 in the former (p=0.009). Five genotypes, predominantly consisting of the (GCC)7 and lacking (GCC)9 were detected in the NCD group only (Mid-p=0.007), and four genotypes consisting of (GCC)9 and lacking (GCC)7 were detected in the control group only (Mid-p=0.003). Those genotypes encompassed 4% of the genotype pool across the human samples studied. The (GCC)-repeat specifically expanded in primates, and reached maximum length in human. In conclusion, we report a novel potential locus for late-onset NCD at the human 5′ UTR (GCC)-repeat. Primate-specificity of this STR, predominant abundance of two alleles across the human samples studied, skewing of those alleles in the NCD group, and enrichment of genotypes consisting of the risk and protective alleles that were specific to the NCD and control groups, respectively, indicate that alleles at this locus have undergone natural selection. Reported instances of STR allelic natural selection at non-coding loci in human are rare, and the SMAD9 (GCC)-repeat provides a potentially valuable locus to further test this phenomenon.
Amino Acids Downregulate SIRT4 to Detoxify Ammonia through the Urea Cycle
Authors: Zhao Shi-Min , Hu Song-Hua , Yang Yuan-Xin , Ma Hui-Da , Zhou Shu-Xian , Qiao Ya-Nan , Zhang Kai-Hui , Zhang Lei , Huang Lin , Yuan Yiyuan , Lin Yan , Xu Wei , Li Yao , Li Hai-Tao , Zhao Jian-Yuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Ammonia production via glutamate dehydrogenase is inhibited by SIRT4, a sirtuin that displays both amidase and non-amidase activities. The processes underlying the regulation of ammonia removal by amino acids remain unclear. Here, we report that SIRT4 acts as a decarbamylase that responds to amino acid sufficiency and regulates ammonia removal. Amino acids promote lysine 307 carbamylation (CP-K307) of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), which activates OTC and the urea cycle. Proteomic and interactome screening identified OTC as a substrate of SIRT4. SIRT4 decarbamylates CP-K307 and inactivates OTC in a NAD+-dependent manner. SIRT4 expression was transcriptionally upregulated by the amino acid insufficiency-activated GCN2–eIF2a–ATF4 axis. SIRT4 knockout in cultured cells caused higher CP-K307 levels, activated OTC, elevated urea cycle intermediates, and urea production via amino acid catabolism. Sirt4 ablation decreased mouse blood ammonia levels and ameliorated CCl4-induced hepatic encephalopathy phenotypes. We reveal that SIRT4 safeguards cellular ammonia toxicity during amino acid catabolism.
The association between childhood trauma and overweight and obesity in young adults: The mediating role of food addiction
Authors: Offer Samuel , Alexander Elise , Barbara Kelsie , Hemmingsson Erik , Flint Stuart W , Lawrence Blake 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose Childhood trauma is associated with increased risk of obesity during adulthood, which may be associated with the development of food addiction. This study examined whether food addiction mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and obesity in young adults. Methods A sample of 512 young adults, aged 18 to 30 years, living with overweight and obesity (Body Mass Index ≥ 25kg/m2), from the United Kingdom participated in the study. Participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Yale Food Addiction Scale, and provided their current height and weight to compute their Body Mass Index (BMI). Results Using the PROCESS macro, a mediation analysis found that food addiction accounted for 45% of variance in the relationship between childhood trauma and BMI. Post-hoc analyses were conducted to examine the mediating effect of food addiction across each of the five subscales of the CTQ (emotional/physical/sexual abuse and emotional/physical neglect). Food addiction accounted for 32% to 51% of the variance in the relationship between each CTQ subscale and BMI. Conclusions These findings suggest that experiences of childhood trauma are associated with the development of overweight and obesity during early adulthood and up to half of this relationship can be attributed to food addiction, which is likely used as a maladaptive coping mechanism in response to trauma. Young adults living with overweight and obesity who report experiences of childhood trauma may benefit from the support of clinical and counselling psychologists to improve their understanding of the underlying psychosocial factors that influence their eating behaviours.Level of Evidence Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study
Production and characterization of a novel interspecific somatic hybrid combining drought tolerance and high quality of sweetpotato and Ipomoea triloba L.
Authors: Jia Licong , Yang Yufeng , Zhai Hong , He Shaozhen , Xin Guosheng , Zhao Ning , Zhang Huan , Gao Shaopei , Liu Qingchang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Key message A novel interspecific somatic hybrid combining drought tolerance and high quality of sweetpotato and Ipomoea triloba L. was obtained and its genetic and epigenetic variations were clarified. Somatic hybridization can be used to overcome the cross-incompatibility between sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) and its wild relatives and transfer useful and desirable genes from wild relatives to cultivated plants. However, most of the interspecific somatic hybrids obtained to date can’t produce storage roots and show no good agronomic characters. In the present study, a novel interspecific somatic hybrid, named XT1, was obtained through protoplast fusions between sweetpotato cv. Xushu 18 and its wild relative I. triloba L.. This somatic hybrid was found to produce storage roots and to exhibit significantly higher drought tolerance and quality compared with its cultivated parent Xushu 18. Transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses showed that the well-known drought stress-responsive genes in XT1 and I. triloba were significantly up-regulated under drought stress. Evidence of genome structural reconstructions between the two genomes of the fusion parents in XT1 was confirmed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and specific nuclear and cytoplasmic DNA markers. Its DNA methylation variations were characterized by methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP). This study not only reveals the significance of somatic hybridization techniques in the genetic improvement of sweetpotato but also provides valuable materials and knowledge for investigating the mechanism of storage root formation in sweetpotato.
Comparison of two different intravitreal treatment regimens combined with systemic antiviral therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS
Authors: Liang Xuemei , An Hongmei , He Huawei , Shen Baiyun , Ou Zuguo , Li Li 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the efficacy and injection frequency of intravitreal low-dose vs. intermediate-dose ganciclovir therapy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR).Methods: A prospective, single-center, double-blinded, randomize controlled interventional study was conducted. Fifty patients with together 67 eyes were randomly assigned to low-dose (0.4mg ganciclovir per week) and intermediate-dose (1.0mg ganciclovir per week) groups. The primary clinical outcome were BCVA change from baseline to treatment endpoint and 12 months visit, and the number of intravitreal injections.Results: In boths group, the median LogMAR BCVA improved significantly from baseline to treatment endpoint (boths p<0.001), while vision loss from CMVR continue to occur at 12 months visit. The mean number of injections was 5.8 in low-dose group and 5.4 in intermeditate group. No significant differences were detected between the two groups (p>0.05). According to the location of CMVR, we found that Zone I lesions led to a worse visual outcome, more injections and a higher occurrence rate of complications (p<0.05). Conclusions: the efficacy and injection frequency of treating CMVR in AIDS patients was not significantly different from low-dose or intermediate-dose. Zone I lesions were associated with a worse visual outcome, more injections and a higher occurrence rate of CMVR-related complications.
Ultrafast synergistic excitation for in-situ computing
Authors: Ye Lei , Tong Lei , Bi Yali , Wang Yilun , Huang Xinyu , Peng Zhuiri , Li Zheng , Xu Langlang , Lin Runfeng , Chen Sihan , Shi WenHao , Tang Ming , Yu Hui , Zhang Xinliang , Wang Ping , Miao Xiang Shui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nonlinear optical phenomena (NLOPs) in two-dimensional (2D) materials can be envisioned for neuromorphic functions at the device and related system level. But it has been attended rarely that transition among multi-energy states as one origin of NLOPs directly used for neuromorphic functions, which is assisted to understand nature of device-level nonlinear optical neuromorphic performance. Here we introduced a pump-probe-control technology to reveal multi-energy-state transition in multilayer molybdenum disulfide, enhancing nonlinear signals by transitions from two-photon absorption to synergistic excited states absorption and enabling an in-situ computing concept within an array of pure 2D flakes. Optical weighted average calculation and artificial neural network were realized without the fabrication of complex extrinsic structures, while preserving the femtosecond speed and femto-Joule power consumption, revealing the feasibility of pump-probe-control technology for nonlinear neuromorphic functions.
Spatial reference and alternative proteome analysis of glioblastoma reveals molecular signatures and associates survival with specific markers
Authors: Duhamel Marie , Drelich Lauranne , Wisztorski Maxence , Aboulouard Soulaimane , Gimeno Jean-pascal , Ogrinc Nina , Devos Patrick , Cardon Tristan , Weller Michael , ESCANDE Fabienne , Zairi Fahed , Maurage Claude-Alain , Rhun Emilie Le , Fournier Isabelle , salzet Michel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Molecular heterogeneity is a key feature of glioblastoma pathology impeding patient’s stratification and leading to high discrepancies between patients mean survivals. We performed a spatial proteomics analysis on a cohort of 96 glioblastoma patients with survival varying from few months to more than 4 years. 46 tumors were analyzed by spatially-resolved high resolution mass spectrometry proteomics. Integrative analysis of protein expression and clinical information allowed us to identify three molecular regions associated with immune, neurogenesis and tumorigenesis signatures. Several of these molecular signatures can be enriched within the same tumor sample leading to high intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Nevertheless, a set of proteins was found statistically significant based on patient’s survival times, 10 of which stem from alternative AltORF or non-coding RNA. From these proteins, 5 were selected as survival markers. Classification of patients based on the expression of these 5 proteins leads to a clear difference in survival. The expression of these 5 proteins was validated by immunofluorescence on an external cohort of 50 glioblastoma patients, with a similar correlation with their survival.
Taken together, our work has enabled the characterization of new molecular regions within glioblastoma tissues based on protein expression which can help to guide glioblastoma prognosis and to improve the current glioblastoma classification.
The Effect of Far-field Cylindrical Scatterers on Radio Direction Finding and Beamforming Estimated by Cylindrical Array of Dipoles
Authors: Poormohammad Sarah , Farzaneh Forouhar , Banai Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Direction finding using a cylindrical array of dipoles has been implemented in presence of large cylindrical scatterers. The effect of the large cylindrical scatterers is considered by cylindrical harmonic expansion of the scattered field. These fields are computed analytically. The direction finding process is verified by a comparison with phase difference direction finding method implemented in HFSS simulator. The error induced in the direction finding mechanism by the scattered fields is estimated through Monte-Carlo simulations. Interfering signals are introduced and a beamforming process is implemented to evaluate the corresponding signal to interference ratios. The method alleviates the use of high computational cost simulations for scatterer effect estimation. The method could be used in wireless communication and smart antenna applications.
6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin modulations during in vitro propagation of Quercus robur (L.): an assessment of anatomical, biochemical, and physiological profiling of shoots
Authors: Martins João Paulo Rodrigues , Wawrzyniak Mikołaj Krzysztof , Ley-López Juan Manuel , Kalemba Ewa Marzena , Mendes Marcel Merlo , Chmielarz Paweł 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
For many woody species, such as Quercus robur, cytokinins in the culture medium are required to maintain in vitro plant material. Among synthetic cytokinins, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KIN) are the most frequently used. In addition to inducing shoots, cytokinins can cause morphophysiological disorders. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the anatomical, biochemical, and physiological alterations and profiles of Q. robur shoots exposed to two cytokinins, applied alone and in combination. Shoots previously established in vitro were transferred to WPM culture media supplemented with BAP at concentrations of 0, 1.25, and 3.50 µM combined with KIN at concentrations of 0, 0.62, and 1.25 µM totaling 9 treatments. Anatomical, physiological, and biochemical analyses were performed after 40 d of culture. BAP induced the formation of new buds with anatomically underdeveloped leaves; induced shoot-tip necrosis, which is considered a response to the inefficient transport of water and nutrients; reduced the thickness of the cell walls of phloem fibers; and decreased the content of phenolic compounds and photosynthetic pigments. These responses were less pronounced with co-exposure to KIN. In contrast, KIN alone stimulated a larger area of secondary xylem and more lignified cell walls. BAP can induce shoots with underdeveloped anatomical and biochemical characteristics. Shoots that grew with KIN alone had stem and leaf anatomical characteristics, indicating greater commitment to cellular differentiation than proliferation. When both cytokinins are combined, KIN can partially mitigate the deleterious effects of BAP on in vitro growth.
Relaxation anisotropy of quantitative MRI parameters in biological tissues
Authors: Hänninen Nina Elina , Liimatainen Timo , Hanni Matti , Gröhn Olli , Nieminen Miika Tapio , Nissi Mikko Johannes 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Quantitative MR relaxation parameters vary in their sensitivity to the orientation of the tissue in the magnetic field. In this study, the orientation dependence of multiple relaxation parameters was assessed in various tissues. Ex vivo samples of different tissue types were prepared either from bovine knee (tendon, cartilage) or mouse (brain, spinal cord, heart, kidney), and imaged at 9.4 T MRI with T1, T2, CW-T1ρ, adiabatic T1ρ and T2ρ, and RAFF2-4 sequences at five different orientations with respect to the main magnetic field. Relaxation anisotropy of the measured parameters was quantified and evaluated. Highly ordered collagenous tissues, cartilage and tendon, presented the highest relaxation anisotropy for T2, CW-T1ρ with spin-lock power < 1 kHz, Ad-T2ρ and RAFF2-4. Maximally, anisotropy was 75% in cartilage and 30% in tendon. In the other measured soft tissues, anisotropy was less than 10% for all the parameters. T1 and Ad-T1ρ exhibit little to no observable anisotropy. The results confirm that highly ordered collagenous tissues have properties that induce remarkable relaxation anisotropy, whereas for the other soft tissues investigated, the effect is less prominent. Quantitative comparison of anisotropies between relaxation parameters highlights the importance of sequence choice and design in MR imaging.