bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sphingosine 1-phosphate Receptor 2 Mediated Early Stages of Pancreatic and Systemic Inflammatory Response via NF-kappa B Activation in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Yang Jing , Tang Xujiao , Li Baiqiang , Shi Jinsong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In acute pancreatitis (AP), activation of inflammatory signaling including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway within acinar cells is known to be an early intracellular event occurring in parallel with pathologic trypsinogen activation. Sphingosine 1-phosphate Receptor 2 (S1PR2) plays a critical role in endothelial inflammation and our previous studies reported that S1PR2 deficiency significantly reduced inflammatory response in liver injury under cholestasis conditions. However, the role of S1PR2 in inflammatory signaling activation within acinar cells and inflammatory responses during acute pancreatitis has not been elucidated. Here we report that S1PR2 was upregulated in whole pancreas during acute pancreatitis conditions. Blockade of S1PR2 by pharmacologic inhibition of S1PR2 by JTE-013 or AAV-mediated knockdown of S1PR2 improved the severity of pancreatic injury as indicated by significant reduction of inflammation and acinar cells death in acute pancreatitis mice. Moreover, S1PR2 is the predominant S1PRs expressed in pancreatic acinar cells and mediates NF-κB activation and early inflammatory response within acinar cell under acute pancreatitis conditions via ROCK signaling pathways, not extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. In addition, S1PR2 mediated macrophages NF-κB activation, migration and polarization toward M1 phenotype. Therefore, this results demonstrated that S1PR2-mediated early inflammatory response in acinar cell promote the progression of acute pancreatitis, successfully linking the local events to the systematic inflammatory response and leading a novel therapeutic target for acute pancreatitis aimed at halting the progression of inflammatory response.
Design, Modelling and Fabrication of Multi-directional Inertial Sensor
Authors: Mohammad Taj , Vikram G N V R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This research paper presents the analysis of multi-directional capacitive MEMS (Microelectromechanical system) based inertial sensors. Mathematical modelling has been derived for the proposed structures, beam constant and displacement analysis have been done. The displacement momentum and natural frequency analysis are studied and simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Mathematical modelling and simulation were done for the accelerometer for up to 30g and the capacitive sensitivity were also calculated for the proposed sensors, capacitive sensitivity for the proposed sensors is 621.9241fF/g, 621.9241fF/g and 681.2889fF/g. The maximum displacement is observed for the sensors is 1.6um,0.3um and 0.2um with an eigenfrequency of 122KHz. Along with this natural frequency, analysed the quality factor for the proposed structures were observed as 4.06. Fabrication is done with the SOIMUMPS process and SEM characterization is accomplished for the proposed structures.
The association between anticholinergic burden and mobility: A systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Phutietsile Geofrey O. , Fotaki Nikoletta , Jamieson Hamish A. , Nishtala Prasad S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: As people age, they accumulate several health conditions, requiring the use of multiple medications (polypharmacy) to treat them. One of the challenges with polypharmacy is the associated increase in anticholinergic exposure to older adults. In addition, several studies suggest an association between anticholinergic burden and declining physical function in older adults.Objective/Purpose: This systematic review aimed to synthesise data from published studies regarding the association between anticholinergic burden and mobility. The studies were critically appraised for the strength of their evidence.Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across four electronic databases, EMBASE, CINHL, PSYCHINFO and MEDLINE, from inception to December 2021, to identify studies on the association of anticholinergic burden with mobility. The search was performed following a strategy that converted concepts in the PICO elements into search terms, focusing on terms most likely to be found in the title and abstracts of the studies. For observational studies, the risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale, and the Cochrane risk of bias tool was used for randomised trials. For the meta-analyses, we explored the heterogeneity using the Q test and I2 test and the publication bias using the funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. The meta-analyses were performed using Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP). Results: 16 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria from an initial 372 studies. Fifteen studies identified a significant negative association of anticholinergic burden with mobility measures. One study did not find an association between anticholinergic intervention and mobility measures. Five studies included in the meta-analyses showed that anticholinergic burden significantly decreased walking speed (0.079m/s ±0.035 MD±SE,95% CI: 0.010 to 0.149, p=0.026), whilst a meta-analysis of four studies showed that anticholinergic burden significantly decreased physical function as measured by three variations of the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) instrument 0.27±0.12 (SMD±SE,95% CI: 0.03 to 0.52), p=0.027. Egger’s test did not reveal publication bias.Conclusion: There is consensus in published literature suggesting a clear association between anticholinergic burden and mobility. Consideration of cognitive anticholinergic effects may be important in interpreting results regarding the association of anticholinergic burden and mobility as anticholinergic drugs may affect mobility through cognitive effects
Machine Learning Based Modelling of Economic Growth and Quality of Governance: The MENA Region
Authors: Farjallah nadia , Sghaier Asma 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Governance (which entails transparency, accountability, the rule of law and the presence of effective and legitimate institutions) is considered an essential factor in economic development. A large number of academic studies have attempted to identify and explain the influence of governance quality on economic growth, bearing on different theoretical perspective and using a panoply of estimation methods, including correlation and regression analyses. This study approaches the phenomenon from a predictive analytical perspective using contemporary Machine Learning techniques to uncover the most important predictors of economic growth in the MENA region in sample observed from 1996 to 2020. Random Forest algorithm was used with three machine learning models (Support Vector Machine, Boosted TREE, Linear Regression) to predict economic growth. The empirical results indicated that the predictions obtained using Random Forest were more accurate than those obtained by the other models. The results indicated that Government Effectiveness, Control of Corruption and Rule of Law are the most influential factors explaining economic growth.
A novel analytical approach to micropolar nanofluid thermal analysis in the presence of thermophoresis, brownian motion, and hall currents
Authors: Jalili Payam , Narimisa hossein , Jalili Bahram , Shateri Amirali , Ganji Davood Domiri 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present study analyzed micro-polar nanofluid in a rotating system between two parallel plates with electric and magnetic fields. The fluid flow study was performed in a steady state. The governing equations of the present issue are considered coupled and nonlinear equations with proper similar variables. Numerical and new semi-analytical methods have been employed to solve the problem to define the exactness of the results. The influence of physical parameters governing the problem is investigated and illustrated in detail in the diagram. Results show that velocity profile and micro-rotation velocity increased when the magnetic parameter increased. Furthermore, the velocity is increased by increasing the rotation parameter. Also, in the case of the temperature profile, the Reynolds and Schmidt number has an inverse effect, and Prandtl Number and Brownian motion have a direct effect. Other results indicate that concentration value declines by increasing the Thermophoretic parameter and Reynolds number. Results compare to the prior research display good accuracy and efficiency.
Pharacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Ezetimibe Tablet versus Ezetrol ®: An Open-Label, Randomized, Two-Sequence Crossover Study in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Sun Feifei , Liu Yanping , Li Ting , Lin Pingping , Jiang Xin , Li Xin , Wang Chenjing , Gao Xiaomeng , Ma Yaping , Fu Yao , Cao Yu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Ezetimibe, a new class of antihyperlipidemic agents, the cholesterol-absorption inhibitors. To assess the bioequivalence of the ezetimibe tablet to Ezetrol ® in healthy Chinese volunteers and estimate the pharmacokinetic proﬁles of ezetimibe tablet.Methods: A single-dose randomized, open-label, two-group, two-periodcrossover study was designed in 59 healthy Chinese volunteers. They were divided into fasted and fed groups to assess the bioequivalence between two preparations. Blood samples were collected at specified time intervals. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was applied to determined the plasma concentrations of ezetimibe and ezetimibe glucuronide .PK and bioavailability parameters were estimated via non-compartmental methods. Adverse events were also recorded.Results: Under fasted conditions, the mean Cmax of ezetimibe was (3.23±1.41) ng/ml, Tmax was 5.00 h, t1/2 was (18.03±6.52) h and AUC0-t was (58.49±25.76) ng·h /ml; the mean Cmax of ezetimibe glucuronide was (63.21±47.14) ng/ml, Tmax was 1.75 h, t1/2was (20.36±11.62) h and AUC0-t was (575.78±408.26) ng·h /ml; the mean Cmax of total ezetimibe was (65.73±47.14) ng/ml, Tmax was 1.75 h, t1/2was (17.35±12.14) h and AUC0-t was (643.34±400.77) ng·h /ml, respectively, after a single dose of 10 mg ezetimibe tablet. Under fed conditions, the mean Cmax of ezetimibe was (5.94±4.12) ng/ml, Tmax was 2.50 h, t1/2was (25.89±12.01) h and AUC0-t was (72.67±36.74) ng·h /ml; the mean Cmax of ezetimibe glucuronide was (77.68±37.25) ng/ml, Tmax was 2.50 h, t1/2was (31.05±17.04) h and AUC0-t was (409.29±191.89) ng·h /ml; the mean Cmax of total ezetimibe was (83.38±38.95) ng/ml, Tmax was 2.50 h, t1/2was (22.56±12.68) h and AUC0-t was (494.21±208.65) ng·h /ml, respectively, after a single dose of 10 mg ezetimibe tablet. The PK parameters of the ezetimibe tablet were similar to those of Ezetrol ®. The 90% CI values of the GMRs of Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ under both fasted and fed conditions were within the prespeciﬁed bioequivalence range (80.00–125.00%).Conclusions: The trial confirmed that, the test ezetimibe tablet and Ezetrol® were determined to be bioequivalent under both fasted and fed conditions ,by measurement of ezetimibe, ezetimibe glucuronide and total ezetimibe.Trial registration: Trial registration: China Drug Trials Registry,CTR20170817.Registered 01 August 2017, http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/clinicaltrials.searchlistdetail.dhtml
How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect inpatient care for children in Germany? An exploratory analysis based on national hospital discharge data
Authors: Panteli Dimitra , Mauer Nicole , Tille Florian , Nimptsch Ulrike 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background -
The COVID-19 pandemic created substantial disruptions in the delivery of health services around the world. Reductions in hospital admissions have been reported for several conditions in the adult population; less evidence currently exists for children. To what extent such changes reflect a risk for patients due to unmet care needs, or a “correction” of previous overprovision of care has not been thoroughly examined yet.
Methods -
Based on complete national hospital discharge data available via the German National Institute for the Reimbursement of Hospitals (InEK) data browser, we compare the top 30 diagnoses for which children were hospitalised in 2019, 2020 and 2021. We analyse the development of monthly admissions between January 2019 and December 2021 for three tracers of variable urgency and severity: acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), appendicitis/appendectomy and tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy.
Results -
Total admissions were approximately 20% lower in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019. The composition of the most frequent principal diagnoses did not change dramatically across years, although changes in rank were observed. Large decreases were observed in 2020 for respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, with cases picking up again for some in 2021. The number of ALL admissions showed a slight increasing trend and a periodicity prima vista unrelated to pandemic factors. Appendicitis admissions decreased by about 9% in 2020 and a further 8% in 2021, while tonsillectomies/adenoidectomies decreased by more than 40% in 2020 and a further 30% in 2021; for these tracers, monthly changes are in line with pandemic waves.
Conclusions -
Observed variations in child hospitalisations reflect the effects of pandemic mitigation measures and/or changes in demand. In Germany, inpatient care for critical conditions appears to have been largely upheld, potentially at the expense of elective treatments. Complementary data on ambulatory care and health outcomes would enable a better understanding of change in healthcare patterns and effects on children’s health.
Enhancing cationic surfactants’ inactivation of non-enveloped viruses by sulfate ions
Authors: Saito Rei , Tobe Seiichi , Miyake Miyuki , Sekine Yukari , Takizawa Takeshi , Sugiyama Junichi , Kakizawa Yasushi , Morikawa Shigeru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Quaternary cationic surfactants with bactericidal activity such as didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) show an inactivation effect on enveloped viruses, but they have little effect on non-enveloped viruses such as noroviruses. Therefore, we examined additives that enhance the inactivation effect of cationic surfactants by using feline calicivirus (FCV) as a representative of a non-enveloped virus. The result was that SO42- ions, which are a general-purpose salt, had a strong salting-out effect that reduced the solubility of proteins, greatly enhancing the inactivation ability of DDAC. The SO42- ions also enhanced FCV inactivation by other cationic surfactants such as cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and benzalkonium chloride (ADBAC). To clarify the mechanism, we evaluated the denaturation and binding process of DDAC to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein by means of circular dichroism (CD) spectrum and isothermal titration calorimeter (ITC), respectively. The SO42- ions disturbed the protein structure by their salting-out effect and promoted cooperative binding from lower DDAC concentrations by reducing the critical micelle concentration (cmc), indicating that these synergistic effects caused a large structural change in the protein. These results suggested that increasing the protein denaturation of the cationic surfactants by adding SO42- ions enhanced the inactivation effect on the non-enveloped virus.
PIK3CA mutations associated with a poor postoperative prognosis in patients with pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kojima Kensuke , Imai Saki , Samejima Hironobu , Fujiwara Ayako , Tokunaga Toshiteru , Yoon Hyungeun , Okishio Kyoichi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC) is a rare type of non-small cell lung cancer characterized by high malignancy and a poor prognosis. PPC is associated with a high frequency of postoperative relapse, and shows resistance to chemotherapy. The high malignancy of cancers is associated with genomic instability, which is related to mutations of tumor suppressor genes, such as tumor protein p53 (TP53) and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM). In addition, signaling pathways involving the oncogenes such as phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are associated with resistance to chemotherapy. However, the association of PPC with these gene mutations remains unknown. We investigated the impact of TP53, ATM, PIK3CA, and EGFR mutations on the postoperative prognosis of PPC.
Methods
Fifty-five patients with PPC who underwent complete resection were studied. A gene mutation analysis was performed using next-generation sequencing. Postoperative overall survival of patients with gene mutations was evaluated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model in which the explanatory variables were the presence of each gene mutation, and the confounding factors were pathological stage and age. The robustness of the results was evaluated by a sensitivity analysis.
Results
The frequencies of pathogenic mutations in TP53, ATM, PIK3CA, and EGFR were 47%, 0%, 7%, and 9%, respectively. A multivariate analysis adjusted for pathological stage and age showed a significant difference for only PIK3CA mutations. The hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival in cases with pathogenic mutations of PIK3CA for wild type or non-pathogenic mutations was 4.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–18.8). Likewise, sensitivity analyses adjusted for pathological stage and sex (HR, 7.5; 95% CI 1.7–32.4) and for age and sex (HR, 5.4; 95% CI 1.4–21.7) resulted in similar findings. Although three patients with pathogenic mutations of PIK3CA that recurred postoperatively were treated by chemotherapy or immunotherapy, they survived for less than two years.
Conclusions
The postoperative prognosis of PPC with PIK3CA pathogenic mutations is particularly poor. Pathogenic mutations of PIK3CA may be a postoperative prognostic marker. Inhibition of signaling pathways associated with PIK3CA mutations may also be a target for chemotherapy after relapse of PPC.
Clinical outcome of patients with isolated central nervous system progression on first-line Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab treatment for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in a real life cohort.
Authors: COLLET Laetitia , Eberst Lauriane , Ludovic Gauthier , Debled Marc , Hrab Loana , Mouret-Reynier Marie-Ange , Desmoulins Isabelle , Goncalves Anthony , Campone Mario , Ferrero Jean-Marc , Brain Etienne , Uwer Lionel , Eymard Jean-Christophe , Dieras Veronique , Simon Gaetane , Leheurteur Marianne , Dalenc Florence , Vanlemmens Laurence , Darlix Amelie , Arnedos Monica , Bachelot Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
PurposeMore than 10% of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (mBC) will develop Central Nervous System (CNS) metastases as first and isolated site of relapse on trastuzumab and pertuzumab first line therapy. However, few clinical data are available to guide the best strategy in this setting.MethodsPatients experiencing isolated CNS progression on trastuzumab and pertuzumab first line therapy were retrospectively identified from the French Epidemiological Strategy and Medical Economics (ESME) real life database between 2008 and 2016. ResultsAmong 995 patients treated with first line trastuzumab and pertuzumab for HER2-positive mBC, 132 patients (13%) experienced isolated CNS progression with a median time of 12 months after mBC diagnosis. Twelves patients did not received any treatment and were excluded from the analysis. Among the 120 patients considered, 76 (63%) received CNS-directed local therapy, 73 (60%) continued trastuzumab and pertuzumab whereas 47 (39%) started another systemic treatment. After a median follow up of 21 months, there was no difference in progression free survival for patient who continued trastuzumab-pertuzumab or switched to another systemic treatment. In multivariate analysis, trastuzumab-pertuzumab continuation was associated with longer OS (HR 0,28 IC95%: 0,14-0,54 p<0,001). mOS was not reached (95% 37.6-NE) and was 23.2 months (95%CI 15.5-53.6) in patients who continued trastuzumab and pertuzumab therapy and in patients who switched for another systemic therapy, respectively.ConclusionIn this real-life cohort, trastuzumab-pertuzumab continuation after local treatment for isolated CNS progression did not negatively impact PFS and OS. Prospective trials and assessment of new strategies are warranted in this specific situation.
Quantitative analysis of morphological characteristics of chronic idiopathic macular hole on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Zhao Lu , Dai Aiai , Yang Lei , Wang Yanling 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study’s impetus is to make a quantitative analysis on the characteristics of chronic idiopathic macular hole (IMH) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Methods
IMH persisting for ≥ 1 year confirmed by OCT was defined as chronic IMH. Symptom duration of macular hole for ≤ 6 months and/or macular hole persisting for ≤ 6 months was shown by preoperative OCT, which was defined as acute IMH. OCT parameters were compared between the two groups.
Results
A total of 95 eyes were included in the study, including 16 eyes with chronic IMH and 79 eyes with acute IMH. Statistically significant differences were noted in minimum linear diameter (MLD), hole height (HH), macular hole index (MHI), tractional hole index (THI) and hole form factor (HFF) (p = 0.002, p = 0.002, p = 0.003, p = 0.002, p < 0.001, ANCOVA test, respectively) between the two groups. MLD (OR 0.992, 95% CI from 0.987 to 0.996) and HH (OR 1.012, 95% CI from 1.003 to 1.021) was identified as a factor closely associated with the diagnosis of chronic IMH after logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.880 and 95% CI from 0.830 to 0.957, p < 0.001.
Conclusion
Chronic IMH has a larger MLD, smaller HH, MHI, THI, and HFF. MLD and HH is closely correlated with the diagnosis of chronic macular holes, which is easy to apply in clinical practice and does not require complex measurements or calculations.