bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methadone use is associated with increased levels of sCD14, immune activation, and inflammation during suppressed HIV infection
Authors: Azzoni Livio , Giron Leila B , Vadrevu Surya , Zhao Ling , Lalley-Chareczko Linden , Hiserodt Emily , Fair Matthew , Lynn Kenneth , Trooskin Stacey , Mounzer Karam , Abdel-Mohsen Mohamed , Montaner Luis J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOpioid use has negative effects on immune responses and may impair immune reconstitution in persons living with HIV (PLWH) infection undergoing antiretroviral treatment (ART). The effects of treatment with μ opioid receptor (MOR) agonists (e.g., methadone, MET) and antagonists (e.g., naltrexone, NTX) on immune reconstitution and immune activation in ART-suppressed PLWH have not been assessed in-depth. We studied the effects of methadone or naltrexone on measures of immune reconstitution and immune activation in a cross-sectional community cohort of 30 HIV-infected individuals receiving suppressive ART and medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) (12 MET, 8 NTX and 10 controls). Plasma markers of inflammation and immune activation were measured using ELISA, Luminex, or Simoa. Plasma IgG glycosylation was assessed using capillary electrophoresis. Cell subsets and activation were studied using whole blood flow cytometry. Individuals in the MET group, but no in the NTX group, had higher plasma levels of inflammation and immune activation markers than controls. These markers include soluble CD14 (an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality during HIV infection), proinflammatory cytokines, and proinflammatory IgG glycans. This effect was independent of time on treatment. Our results indicate that methadone-based MOUD regimens may sustain immune activation and inflammation in ART-treated HIV-infected individuals. Our pilot study provides the foundation and rationale for future longitudinal functional studies of the impact of MOUD regimens on immune reconstitution and residual activation after ART-mediated suppression.
Genomic annotation and molecular evolution of monkeypox virus outbreak in 2022
Authors: Wang Lulan , Shang Jingzhe , Weng Shenghui , Aliyari Saba R. , Ji Chengyang , Cheng Genhong , Wu Aiping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMonkeypox virus (MPXV) has generally circulated in West and Central Africa since its emergence. Recently, sporadic MPXV infections in several nonendemic countries have attracted widespread attention. Here, we conducted a systematic analysis of the recent outbreak of MPXV‐2022, including its genomic annotation and molecular evolution. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the MPXV‐2022 strains belong to the same lineage of the MPXV strain isolated in 2018. However, compared with the MPXV strain in 2018, in total 46 new consensus mutations were observed in the MPXV‐2022 strains, including 24 nonsynonymous mutations. By assigning mutations to 187 proteins encoded by the MPXV genome, we found that 10 proteins in the MPXV are more prone to mutation, including D2L‐like, OPG023, OPG047, OPG071, OPG105, OPG109, A27L‐like, OPG153, OPG188, and OPG210 proteins. In the MPXV‐2022 strains, four and three nucleotide substitutions are observed in OPG105 and OPG210, respectively. Overall, our studies illustrated the genome evolution of the ongoing MPXV outbreak and pointed out novel mutations as a reference for further studies.
Chitosan‐based matrix solid‐phase dispersion extraction assisted cell membrane magnetic bead ligand‐affinity assay for screening active compounds from Fructus Cnidii
Authors: Jiao Pan , Li Bing , Zhang Fan , Tang Cheng 
Published: July 2022

Cell membrane ligand‐affinity assay is a useful tool for screening the active compounds from natural products. However, in traditional cell membrane ligand‐affinity assays, natural products need to be refluxed, before being analyzed. This process consumes considerable time and energy and cannot be used for screening natural products that contain thermally unstable compounds. Therefore, an efficient analytical method is required. In this study, chitosan‐based matrix solid‐phase dispersion extraction was combined with cell membrane magnetic bead ligand‐affinity assay to form a novel method for identifying the active compounds in Fructus Cnidii such as osthole and imperatorin. When compared with traditional cell membrane ligand‐affinity assays, this assay requires less energy, extraction time (7 min), solvent volume (1.2 mL), and fewer natural products (40 mg). This indicates that the chitosan‐based matrix solid‐phase dispersion extraction assisted cell membrane magnetic beads ligand‐affinity assay is an alternative analytical method for studying natural products.
Reduced‐field of view three‐dimensional MR acoustic radiation force imaging with a low‐rank reconstruction for targeting transcranial focused ultrasound
Authors: Luo Huiwen , Sigona Michelle K. , Manuel Thomas J. , Phipps Marshal A. , Chen Li M. , Caskey Charles F. , Grissom William A. 
Published: August 2022

PurposeTo rapidly image and localize the focus in MR‐guided focused ultrasound (FUS) while maintaining a low ultrasound duty cycle to minimize tissue effects.MethodsMR‐acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI) is key to targeting FUS procedures such as neuromodulation, and works by encoding ultrasound‐induced displacements into the phase of MR images. However, it can require long scan times to cover a volume of tissue, especially when minimizing the FUS dose during targeting is paramount. To simultaneously minimize scan time and the FUS duty cycle, a 2‐min three‐dimensional (3D) reduced‐FOV spin echo ARFI scan with two‐dimensional undersampling was implemented at 3T with a FUS duty cycle of 0.85%. The 3D k‐space sampling scheme incorporated uniform undersampling in one phase‐encoded axis and partial Fourier (PF) sampling in the other. The scan interleaved FUS‐on and FUS‐off data collection to improve displacement map quality via a joint low‐rank image reconstruction. Experiments in agarose and graphite phantoms and living macaque brains for neuromodulation and blood‐brain barrier opening studied the effects of the sampling and reconstruction strategy on the acquisition, and evaluated its repeatability and accuracy.ResultsIn the phantom, the distances between displacement centroids of 10 prospective reconstructions and a fully sampled reference were below 1 mm. In in vivo brain, the distances between centroids ranged from 1.3 to 2.1 mm. Results in phantom and in vivo brain both showed that the proposed method can recover the FUS focus compared to slower fully sampled scans.ConclusionThe proposed 3D MR‐ARFI reduced‐FOV method enables rapid imaging of the FUS focus while maintaining a low FUS duty cycle.
Retaining nurses via organizational support and pay during COVID‐19 pandemic: The moderating effect between intrinsic and extrinsic incentives
Authors: Pahlevan Sharif Saeed , She Long , Liu Li , Naghavi Navaz , Lola Gold Kafilah , Sharif Nia Hamid , Froelicher Erika Sivarajan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThere has been growing concern about the nurses' turnover intention as well as life satisfaction during COVID‐19 pandemic in Iran. The past research has provided evidence on the effect of organizational support on nurses' job satisfaction and turnover intention. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism behind these associations.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was undertaken.MethodsAn online survey was conducted in Iran from May to June 2020 through Google Docs Forms. In total, 305 nurses were participated and completed the online survey. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling through (AMOS). This study was checked with the STROBE checklist.ResultThe results showed that nurses' perception of organizational support was positively related to their job satisfaction which in turn decreases the turnover intention. Likewise, the job satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between organizational support and nurses' life satisfaction.
Changes in obesity and BMI among children and adolescents with selected chronic conditions during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Rifas‐Shiman Sheryl L. , Aris Izzuddin M. , Bailey Charles , Daley Matthew F. , Heerman William J. , Janicke David M. , Lin Pi‐I Debby , Petimar Joshua , Block Jason P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine COVID‐19 pandemic‐related changes in obesity and BMI among patients aged 5 to <20 years with selected chronic conditions.MethodsA longitudinal study in 293,341 patients aged 5 to <20 years who were prescribed one of five medication classes (for depression, psychosis, hypertension, diabetes, or epilepsy) and who had BMI measures from January 2019 to March 2021 was conducted. Generalized estimating equations and linear mixed‐effects models were used, accounting for within‐child repeated measures and stratified by age, race, ethnicity, gender, and class of medication prescribed, to compare obesity and BMI z score during the pandemic (June through December 2020) versus pre‐pandemic (June through December 2019).ResultsObesity prevalence increased from 23.8% before the pandemic to 25.5% during the pandemic; mean (SD) BMI z score increased from 0.62 (1.26) to 0.65 (1.29). Obesity prevalence during the pandemic increased at a faster rate compared with pre‐pandemic among children aged 5 to <13 years (0.27% per month; 95% CI: 0.11%‐0.44%) and 13 to <18 years (0.24% per month; 95% CI: 0.09%‐0.40%), with the largest increases among children aged 5 to <13 years who were male (0.42% per month), Black (0.35% per month), or Hispanic (0.59% per month) or who were prescribed antihypertensives (0.28% per month).ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 pandemic has exacerbated the obesity epidemic and widened disparities among children with selected chronic conditions. These findings highlight the importance of continuing efforts to specifically help high‐risk populations who are experiencing weight gain from the pandemic.
Direct tensile test evaluation and characterization for mechanical and rheological properties of polymer modified hot mix asphalt concrete
Authors: Abed Mohammed A. , Al‐Tameemi Ahmed F. , Abed Alaa H. , Wang Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUsing polymer to modify asphalt binder for better performance has become popular in pavement engineering, for which to evaluate the effect of polymer addition on the properties of the asphalt concrete is essential for mix design. Conventional mechanical test methods, primarily using bending of beams and indirect splitting, are not only materially and timely costly and labor intensive but also provide no direct information for the viscoelastic and rheological characteristics of the materials. This paper reports a study using direct tensile test (DTT) to evaluate the effect of polymer on both mechanical and rheological properties of modified asphalt concrete. Two types of polymers, which are styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (SBS), and a mixture of SBS and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), were investigated on two mixes using fine and coarse aggregates, respectively. It has been found that SBS generates improvement for both mechanical and rheological properties of hot mix asphalt concrete. However, using a hybrid mixture of SBS and PVC shows that PVC can further improve the mechanical properties, but deteriorate the toughness of the asphalt concrete. At the end, a simple quadric polynomial model has been proposed to characterize the combined SBS and PVC effects for the sake of the guidance for mix design.
In gestational diabetes, patient‐led insulin titration is rapidly effective, safe and is associated with reduced birthweight
Authors: Mayne Isabelle K , Rawdon Emma , Guerin Emma , McGovern Andrew P 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground: Elevated fasting glucose in gestational diabetes (GDM) is the strongest predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes but is difficult to treat. We assessed the effectiveness, safety, and patient acceptability of a simple patient‐led insulin dose titration algorithm in GDM, targeting rapid reduction in fasting glucose.Methods: Once initiated on basal insulin, women were asked to increase their dose by 4 units daily, following every fasting glucose ≥5.0mmol/L. We evaluated pregnancy outcomes, rates of hypoglycaemia and time taken to achieve target readings (<5.3mmol/L) before and after this practice change. We undertook patient interviews and questionnaires to capture the patient perspective.Results: Insulin was commenced at a median 30+4 weeks with fasting glucose control (defined as the first of three consecutive readings <5.3mmol/L) achieved after a median 4 days (IQR: 1–11) and maintained throughout pregnancy with further patient‐led titrations. Hypoglycaemia was uncommon; 1.7% of all fasting glucose readings were <3.5mmol/L and 0.3% were <3.0mmol/L. No patients experienced hypoglycaemia requiring assistance. At delivery, patient‐led titration achieved higher final insulin doses (53 vs 36 units/day; p=0.027), improved fasting glucose (4.6 vs 5.1mmol/L; p=0.031), and significantly lower birthweight (Z‐scores 0.34 vs 0.92; p=0.005) compared to our previous routine practice. Women liked the intervention and having increased responsibility for their own management.Conclusions: In GDM significant reduction in birthweight is achieved with patient‐led insulin dose titration. Following insulin initiation glycaemic control is achieved rapidly and maintained without detrimental hypoglycaemia. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons.
Novel Segregated Solid Propulsion System with Separately Stored Fuel and Oxidizer
Authors: Lichthardt Joseph P. , Tappan Bryce C. , De Narendra N. , Novak Alan M. , Baca Eva V. , Oschwald David M. , Risha Grant A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development and experimentation of a solid propulsion concept consisting of separate hydrogen‐rich solid propellant and solid oxidizer grains is presented. This system consists of an extremely fuel‐rich solid propellant, which, once ignited, undergoes a self‐sustaining decomposition to release fuel‐rich product gases, which are particularly rich in hydrogen gas. These relatively high‐temperature gases subsequently react with a solid oxidizer grain stored downstream. Progress in high‐nitrogen materials has allowed for the synthesis of fuel‐rich compounds that can store significant amounts of hydrogen, with little or no bound oxygen. With these new developments in propellant chemistry, a unique segregated propulsion system has been developed, creating an all‐solid propulsion system that combusts analogously to a reverse hybrid rocket system. Because of the physical separation of fuel and oxidizer, a higher level of safety is achieved which concurrently allows for the utilization of higher energy ingredients without the penalty of higher sensitivity. Theoretical performance calculations and experimental data have shown the potential for this system to compete with existing composite rocket propellants while having significant benefits in terms of safety, toxicity, and mission space. This paper presents a detailed overview of the conception, development, and testing of this propulsion system.
Severe disseminated primary varicella in a patient on long term inhaled corticosteroids
Authors: Pham James P. , Beale Greta , Gorji Mahdieh , Thompson Benjamin , Al‐Soufi Suhel , Stone Emily 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDisseminated primary varicella infection can carry risks of significant morbidity and mortality particularly in immunocompromised populations. Routine, funded childhood vaccination against varicella has significantly reduced associated hospitalization and deaths, however, uptake and efficacy among adults is unknown. We present a case of disseminated primary varicella infection (including rash, pneumonitis, hepatitis and thrombocytopenia) in an immunocompetent patient on long term inhaled corticosteroids for asthma. This case highlights potential risk factors for severe varicella which require further study in adults and raises the need to discuss vaccination in at risk groups including appropriate counselling in those who may be at higher risk.
Severe and critical SARS‐COV‐2 delta variant infection in infants without underlying medical conditions
Authors: Borgi Aida , Louati Assaad , Miraoui Amal , Lahmar Lilia , Mefteh Khaoula , Hajji Ahmed , Ayari Ahmed , Bouziri Asma , Menif Khaled , Smaoui Hanen , Benjaballah Nejla 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe report herein a case series of infants, with no comorbidities, who developed a life‐threatening illness due to the SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta variant. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children, aged under 15 years, admitted to PICU, during the peak of Delta infection, between June 23 and August 16 2021, with severe and critical forms of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, confirmed by RT‐PCR. Twenty infants were included, the median age was 47 days (IQR: 26.5–77) and sex ratio was 0.8. No underlying medical conditions were noted. Parents were not vaccinated. Respiratory involvement was the main feature observed. Eleven patients had paediatric acute respiratory distress (PARDS) with a median oxygen saturation index (OSI) of 9 (IQR: 7–11). PARDS was mild in four, moderate in five, and severe in two cases. Hemodynamic instability was observed in 4 cases. The main radiological finding was ground glass opacities in 11 cases. Seventeen patients were mechanically ventilated, and three of them were escalated to high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation. The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 6 days (IQR 2.5–12.5). The remaining patients were managed with high‐flow nasal cannula. Four patients died.
Catalytic Decomposition of H2O2 for NO Oxidation‐Removal over Hierarchical Fe‐ZSM‐5: Effect of Ethanol on Zeolite Performance
Authors: Guo Wen , Lin Yuanhang , Chen Siqi , Diao Zhenheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHierarchical Fe‐ZSM‐5 zeolite catalysts hydrothermally prepared using tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) and [3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]octadecyldimethylammonium chloride (TPOAC) as micropore structure‐directing agent and meso‐porogen, respectively, were investigated for oxidation‐removal of NO via catalytic decomposition of gas‐phase H2O2 into hydroxyl free radicals (⋅OH). The effects of ethanol in synthesis gel on the structure, porosity, Fe species state, and catalytic performance of zeolite catalysts were explored. And the function mechanism of ethanol was speculated. Appropriate ethanol dosage in synthesis gel probably stabilized TPOAC micelles during MFI crystallization, facilitated mesopores integration in zeolite crystals, benefited oxygen vacancy formation, accelerated ⋅OH radicals generation, and thereby enhanced NO oxidation‐removal efficiency. The hierarchical Fe‐ZSM‐5 prepared with ethanol/H2O ratio of 1 in synthesis gel displayed an excellent catalytic activity with the optimal NO conversion up to 35.9 % enhancement compared to the microporous Fe‐ZSM‐5. The SO2 resistance and ⋅OH scavenger test during catalytic reaction, as well as the reaction condition influence on the catalytic performance of hierarchical Fe‐ZSM‐5 were explored, and then the oxidation‐removal mechanism of NO over hierarchical Fe‐ZSM‐5 was preliminarily proposed.
Efficient Synthesis of 4‐Bromo‐N‐(1‐phenylethyl)benzamide, Arylation by Pd(0) Catalyst, Characterization and DFT Study
Authors: Raza Shah Alı , Rasool Nasır , Bılal Muhammad , Mubarık Adeel , Alı Hashmı Muhammad , Nadeem Akhtar Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Ahmad Gulraız , Siddiqa Ayesha , Adnan Alı Shah Syed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe (S)‐4‐bromo‐N‐(1‐phenylethyl)benzamide (3) was synthesized in excellent yield (93 %) by the reaction of 4‐bromobenzoic acid (1) and (S)‐1‐phenylethanamine (2) with the coupling reagent titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4). Further, the Pd(0) catalyst was employed to form (S)‐4‐bromo‐N‐(1‐phenylethyl)benzamide analogues (5 a‐i) by reacting various aryl boronic acids with 4‐bromo‐N‐(1‐phenylethyl)benzamide (3) in moderate to good yields (62‐89 %). Furthermore, DFT studies were carried out to compute optimized geometries, frontier molecular orbitals, polarizability (α), hyperpolarizability (β), MESP, reactivity descriptors, and NMR spectra. The measured NMR values matched the experimental NMR values well. In this series (5 a‐i), we predicted that the highest energy difference between the HOMO‐LUMO of compound (5 a) has 4.98 eV, resulting in a more stable compound, and compound (5 g) has the lowest energy difference between the HOMO‐LUMO 4.63 eV, resulting in the least stable compound. Compound (5h) has the highest hyperpolarizability (β) value, exhibits a better non‐linear optical (NLO) behaviour compared as compare to other synthesized compounds in the series.
2‐(1,2,4‐Oxadiazol‐5‐yl)aniline as a New Scaffold for Blue Luminescent Materials
Authors: Baykov Sergey , Tarasenko Marina , Kotlyarova Valentina , Shetnev Anton , Zelenkov Lev E. , Boyarskaya Irina A. , Boyarskiy Vadim P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCondensation of amidoximes 1 with isatoic anhydrides 2 or esters 3 in NaOH/DMSO medium afforded to substituted 1,2,4‐oxadiazolyl anilines. The compounds synthesized can exhibit luminescence, the presence and efficiency of which depends on the position of the amino group in these aminophenyl 1,2,4‐oxadiazol derivatives. The best luminophores are 2‐(ortho‐aminophenyl) 1,2,4‐oxadiazoles. More than 20 examples of the new organic luminophores were synthesized and studied. The effect of the luminophore structure on the emission band and on the quantum yield indicates that a luminescent scaffold has been obtained.
JointConf: Jointly autotuning configuration parameters for modularized graph databases
Authors: Dou Hui , Mei Jicheng , Zhang Yiwen , Chen Pengfei , Zheng Zibin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo support different application scenarios, graph databases (GDBs) usually provide a large number of performance‐related parameters for developers. Since manually configuring is both time‐consuming and cost‐intensive, automatically tuning configurations parameters to achieve a better performance has been an urgent need. Besides, considering various graph management requirements, GDBs begin to utilize the modular architecture to interoperate with a wide range of storage and index backends. Due to the complicated interactions among different modules, sequentially tuning each software with previous solutions may fall into a local optimal and it is necessary to jointly autotune the cross‐module configuration parameters. Toward this challenging target, we propose JointConf—a new black‐box approach of jointly autotuning configuration parameters for modularized GDBs. To address the formulated high‐dimensional black‐box optimization problem, JointConf utilizes the recently proposed BO_dropout algorithm. Inspired by the dropout algorithm in neural networks, BO_dropout explores efficient dimension dropout to achieve a high‐dimensional Bayesian optimization. We evaluate the effectiveness of JointConf on a local distributed JanusGraph cluster with three different graph query benchmark applications and experimental results show its advantages over the four baseline search‐based approaches. The necessity of jointly tuning for modularized GDBs is also verified in our experiments.