bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OBTAINING LOW-MOLECULAR WEIGHT GALACTOMANNANES AND STUDYING THEIR PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Amonova Dilnoza Mukhtarovna , Mukhitdinov Bakhtiyor Ikromovich , Turaev Abbaskhan Sabirkhanovich , Kirgizbayev Khusniddin Khasanbaevich , Boydedayev Azizbek Anvarzhanovich , Sindarov Bobur Aktamovich , Bekmirzayev Zhakhongir Nematullaevich 
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was studying the effect of acidic hydrolysis conditions on the molecular parameters of galactomannan, such as weight average degree of polymerization (DPw), weight average molecular weight (Mw), product yield, depolymerization reaction rate, and mannose/galactose (Man/Gal) ratio in the presence of hydrochloric acid and obtaining low molecular weight oligogalactomannans soluble in water. A preparing possibility low molecular weight galactomannans by acid hydrolysis of guar galactomannan (DPw=1160, Mw=563.8 kDa, Man/Gal=1.89) in the presence of hydrochloric acid was studied. The studies were carried out in hydrochloric acid solutions with various concentrations (0.05–1.0 mol/L) for different times (10–240 min) at a constant temperature (80 °C). In the course of the studies, effects of the reaction conditions on the molecular parameters of the product obtained were analyzed. The conducted reactions yielded low molecular weight galactomannans and oligogalactomannans with different molecular parameters (DPw=6–1021, Mw=2.6–505.1 kDa, Man/Gal=1.90–3.19) and yields (2.8–97.1%). Based on the results obtained, the optimal reaction conditions (HCl 0.1 mol/L, 240 min, 80 °C) were supposed for the preparation of galactomannan oligosaccharides. The structural studies of the products indicated that products with reduced galactose residues could be prepared by this method.
Efecto de una intervención en línea de cambio en el estilo de vida sobre el puntaje zIMC de escolares mexicanos: protocolo de ensayo controlado aleatorizado piloto cegado a evaluadores durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Ramírez-Rivera Diana L. , Martínez-Contreras Teresita , Ruelas Alma L. , Henry-Mejia Gricelda , Quizán-Plata Trinidad , Esparza-Romero Julián , Haby Michelle M. , Díaz-Zavala Rolando G. 
Published: July 2022

RESUMEN
Introducción: El cierre de escuelas por la pandemia de COVID-19, representa un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de obesidad en los niños, debido al aumento de conductas no saludables. Las intervenciones de cambio de estilo de vida en línea en escolares podrían ayudar a mitigar este problema. Sin embargo, en nuestro conocimiento no se han realizado ensayos controlados aleatorizados para prevenir obesidad en escolares durante COVID-19. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar el efecto de una intervención en línea de cambio de estilo de vida sobre el puntaje Z de IMC de escolares mexicanos a 4 meses durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en un grupo intervención en comparación a un control.
Material y Métodos: Protocolo de un ensayo controlado aleatorizado piloto cegado a los evaluadores. Se invitará a participar a escolares de una primaria pública de Hermosillo, Sonora, México. Los participantes serán aleatorizados a un grupo de intervención o a un grupo control. La intervención incluirá 3 sesiones semanales en línea de educación nutricional y actividad física (60 minutos por sesión, 30 minutos de educación nutricional y 30 minutos para la actividad física) e información para padres de familia. El grupo control recibirá un folleto digital con recomendaciones de una dieta saludable al inicio del estudio y acceso a los materiales del programa al finalizar. Las mediciones del estudio se realizarán al inicio y a los 4 meses. La variable primaria será el puntaje Z de IMC. Las variables secundarias serán circunferencia de cintura, porcentaje de grasa, conocimientos en nutrición, parámetros de estilo de vida, retención, aceptación y participación en la intervención. Los cambios de las variables se analizarán mediante pruebas de comparación de medias por intención de tratamiento. El protocolo fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación del Departamento de Enfermería de la Universidad de Sonora y registrado en la plataforma Clinical Trials.
Conclusión: En nuestro conocimiento, el estudio aportará la primera evidencia de la evaluación de intervenciones en línea para la prevención de obesidad en escolares derivada de un ensayo controlado aleatorizado, lo cual podría ser útil en el combate de la obesidad infantil.
Effects of the interaction of Notch and TLR4 pathways on inflammation and heart function in septic heart
Authors: Liu Ziyang , Li Wenli , Cao Yang , Zhang Xiaoxia , Yang Kai , Yin Fukang , Yang Meng , Peng Peng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We investigated the role of the interaction between the Notch and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathways in septic myocardial injury. The sepsis model was induced in rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rats were divided into control, LPS, LPS + TAK242 ((6R)-6-[N-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)sulfamoyl]cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate) and LPS + DAPT (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-s-phenylglycinetbutylester) groups. Heart function was evaluated with a Cardiac Doppler ultrasound. Myocardial morphological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E). Apoptosis was assessed by a TUNEL assay. The mRNA and protein levels were detected with real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analysis. We found that heart function in the LPS + TAK242 group was significantly improved, but not in the LPS + DAPT group. LPS + TAK242 had a lower level of degeneration and necrosis of cardiomyocytes and inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as lower apoptosis and caspase-3 expression than the LPS group. Compared with the LPS group, the inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced in the LPS + DAPT group, while the degeneration and necrosis of cardiomyocytes were not obviously improved. Additionally, the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin-6, the protein contents of Notch intracellular domain and Hes1, and the P65 nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) to P-P65 NF-κB ratio in LPS + TAK242 group and LPS + DAPT group were significantly lower than those in LPS group. Conclusively, the interaction between TLR4 and Notch signaling pathways enhances the inflammatory response in the septic heart by activating NF-κB. Blocking the TLR4 pathway with TAK242 can improve heart dysfunction and myocardial damage in sepsis, while blocking the Notch pathway with DAPT cannot effectively prevent heart dysfunction and myocardial damage in sepsis.
Gongolaria barbata forest in the shallow lagoon on the southern Istrian Coast (northern Adriatic Sea)
Authors: Iveša Ljiljana , Bilajac Andrea , Gljušćić Edi , Najdek Mirjana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Gongolaria barbata forest inhabiting Šćuza lagoon on the southern Istrian coast (northern Adriatic) represents the last significant refuge for this species among the shallow waters of the Istrian Coast. The lagoon is characterised by extreme winter and summer temperatures. Moreover, the absence of certain grazers could be one of the main factors favouring the development and growth of G. barbata forest. Two morphologically distinct forms of G. barbata inhabit the lagoon: attached and detached. Abundance and morphological characteristics of each form were analysed in randomly sampled thalli. The wet weight, thallus length, number of cauloids and total cauloid length were significantly higher in the detached than in the attached form. Although the main cauloid was highly branched in both forms, its total length was up to three times higher in the detached than in the attached form. Our study suggests that this population of G. barbata can thrive in the extreme conditions found in the lagoon, while also exhibiting two distinct forms. Furthermore, this large population could serve as a donor for future restoration attempts on the western Istrian Coast where a decline of G. barbata has been confirmed in recent years.
The Band’s The Weight – a semio-cognitive narratological adventure
Authors: Cronquist Ulf , Knap Torben 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
After providing information about details of the song’s historical genesis and an exegetic Explication De Texte we proceed to analyze the lyrics as a modernist, surrealist narrative that is not always easy to make clear sense of, yet best can be understood as a classical structure of dramatic complications and possible catharsis with reference to Per Aage Brandt’s work on diegesis and narrative forces and spaces. Brandt’s contributions to cognitive narratology provide an extended framework of force dynamics, catastrophe theory and structuralist psychoanalysis – also with considerations of intentionality and imagination as integral parts of intersubjectively experienced story-worlds. Our empirical object of study departs from the original canonical recording song lyrics produced in 1968 on the album Music from Big Pink, where the many consecutive live performances by The Band and other artists remain quite faithful to the original text. To the best of our knowledge, a thorough scholarly analysis of the lyrics of The Weight has not yet been available until we now present our detailed, philological amplification on the details of this piece of art.
Extraction of phenolic compounds from apple pomace, process modeling and antioxidant potential evaluation of extracts
Authors: Xavier Lucía , Pisani Justina , Meghirditchian Gustavo , de Mattos Rodolfo , Vieitez Ignacio , Barrenengoa Manuel , Zecchi Berta 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Apple pomace, a byproduct of juice and cider production, is rich in phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. This work studies the kinetics of solid–liquid extraction of phenolic compounds from apple pomace. Extraction kinetics were determined using a 50% water–ethanol solution and fitted to a phenomenological model. Equilibrium isotherms were also modeled. Effective diffusion coefficient values between 1.85x10−11 and 7.37x10−11 m2/s were found. External mass transfer resistance showed negligible results. The best yields (43.94%) were obtained at 60 °C with a solid–liquid ratio of 1:10 g/mL. Those conditions resulted in a total phenolic content of 9.95 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g apple pomace d.b., antioxidant FRAP activity of 5.07 mmol ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/100 g apple pomace d.b. and 3.74 mmol trolox equivalents (TRE)/100 g apple pomace d.b. based on a DPPH assay. Apple pomace extract efficiently stabilized sunflower oil and may represent a natural alternative to synthetic antioxidants.
Improving the thickness distribution of parts with hybrid thermoforming
Authors: Duarte Fernando M. , Ribeiro Catarina G. , Ferreira João G. , Forte Sílvia A. , Covas José A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With the aim of improving the thickness gradient of thermoformed parts, and thus increase their performance and/or reduce their weight, the concept of hybrid thermoforming is introduced, whereby local thickness differences in extruded sheets are created prior to thermoforming. Material is removed by CO2 ablation or 3D printing of an over-thickness at specific locations of sheets previously extruded. The feasibility and potential usefulness of the approach is explored experimentally for the production of a truncated conical cup, since this is a well-characterized application. The conventional thickness distributions obtained by conventional vacuum forming are significantly changed with the new strategy and can be tuned by adequately selecting the locations and amount of material do be removed and/or added.
On the proper enhanced power graphs of finite nilpotent groups
Authors: Bera Sudip , Dey Hiranya Kishore 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For a group 𝐺, the enhanced power graph of 𝐺 is a graph with vertex set 𝐺 in which two distinct vertices

x
,
y

x,y

are adjacent if and only if there exists an element 𝑤 in 𝐺 such that both 𝑥 and 𝑦 are powers of 𝑤.
The proper enhanced power graph is the induced subgraph of the enhanced power graph on the set

G
∖
S

G\setminus S

, where 𝑆 is the set of dominating vertices of the enhanced power graph.
In this paper, we at first classify all nilpotent groups 𝐺 such that the proper enhanced power graphs are connected and calculate their diameter.
We also explicitly calculate the domination number of the proper enhanced power graphs of finite nilpotent groups.
Finally, we determine the multiplicity of the Laplacian spectral radius of the enhanced power graphs of nilpotent groups.
Crystal structure of tetraaqua-bis[4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzoato-k1
N]cadmium(II), C18H20CdN6O8
Authors: Feng Yi-Min , Xia Yu-Pei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
C18H20CdN6O8, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 6.1132(7) Å, b = 7.1270(9) Å, c = 12.3110(13) Å, α = 80.7010(10)°, β = 88.137(2)°, γ = 73.6530(10)°, V = 507.88(10) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0285, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0744, T = 298(2) K.
On Nonlinear Implicit Neutral Generalized Hilfer Fractional Differential Equations with Terminal Conditions and Delay
Authors: Bouriah Soufyane , Salim Abdelkrim , Benchohra Mouffak 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we establish the existence of solutions for a class of nonlinear implicit neutral fractional differential equations with terminal condition and Hilfer-Katugampola fractional derivative. The Banach contraction principle and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem are used to support the arguments. An illustration is provided to demonstrate the relevance of our results.
Finnischer Tangotanztourismus als verkörperter Raum in einer „Kultur der Schweigsamkeit“
Authors: Thimm Tatjana 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird der finnische Tangotanztourismus unter Berücksichtigung des Konzeptes des verkörperten Raumes (Low 2003) und des Raumverständnisses von Lefebvre (1991) auf den vielschichtig miteinander verbundenen Ebenen von Körper, Kultur und Raum analysiert. Die finnische „Kultur der Schweigsamkeit“ wird in diesem Zusammenhang im Besonderen betrachtet. Methodisch werden hierbei sowohl Interviews mit Expertinnen und Experten, teilnehmende Beobachtung als auch die Auswertung von Filmmaterial herangezogen. Im Ergebnis zeigen sich vielfältige Wechselwirkungen von Körper, Kultur und Raum, die zusätzlich Potenziale für den finnischen Tangotanztourismus aufzeigen.
Interne und externe Unternehmensnachfolgeprozesse in der Hotellerie
Authors: Plaikner Alexander , Heimerl Peter , Peters Mike , Sparber Johanna , Haid Marco 
Published: July 2022

KurzfassungAktuelle und kommende demografische Entwicklungen führen zu einer großen Anzahl von Unternehmensübertragungen gerade in familiengeführten Klein- und Mittelbetrieben. Als zentrale Herausforderung im Lebenszyklus eines Unternehmens untersucht die vorliegende Studie familieninterne und familienexterne Nachfolgeprozesse mit dem Ziel Chancen und Herausforderungen besser zu verstehen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen verschiedene Phasen von Übergabeprozessen mit Besonderheiten und Unterschieden hinsichtlich interner und externer Übergaben auf. Die Unterstützung in diesen Phasen bei der Übergabe und die Förderung von JungungernehmerInnen sind wichtige Erkenntnisse für erfolgreiche Übergabeprozesse.
OPTIMALISASI JENIS PELARUT PADA PERWARNA KULIT UBI UNGU
Authors: Paramita Octavianti , Kusumastuti Adhi , Ansori Muhammad , Astuti Pudji , Murfianti Eri Tri 
Published: July 2022

Zat warna banyak digunakan pada berbagai macam industri. Zat warna menurut asalnya terdiri dari zat warna alami dan zat warna sintetik. Bahan pewarna sintetis lebih banyak digunakan karena mudah diperoleh dan penggunaannya praktis, tetapi penggunaan pewarna sintetis ini dapat mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan. Peningkatan kesadaran akan kesehatan dan lingkungan, produksi pewarna alami sebagai pewarna yang direkomendasikan. Zat pewarna alami dapat diperoleh dari tumbuhan maupun hewan. Salah satu tumbuhan yang mengandung zat warna alami adalah limbah kulit ubi ungu. Proses pembuatan pewarna alami dari limbah kulit ubi ungu sangat dipengaruhi dari jenis pelarut yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal ditinjau dari kandungan antioksidan, kadar air dan derajat warna. Metode ekstraksi yang sesuai dalam pembuatan pewarna kulit ubi ungu adalah metode maserasi. Pelarut yang paling optimal adalah dengan dengan menggunakan pelarut campuran berupa Etanol dengan Asam Sitrat berdasarkan hasil kadar air, kandungan antioksidan dan derajat warna.
Chlorine Concentration and Phytoplankton Diversity in the Streams around Tondano Watershed, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Wantasen S. , Luntungan J. N. , Koneri R. 
Published: July 2022

The use of chlorine in agriculture and settlements increases and impacts surrounding waters, such as watersheds: The land area is a unit with rivers and tributaries that function to accommodate, store and distribute water from rainfall to the sea naturally. The environmental condition of the Tondano watershed is important to study in terms of chlorine distribution, considering that residential and agricultural activities in the watershed can cause residues in the aquatic environment, which harm the environment, especially phytoplankton. This study aims to examine the concentration of chlorine and its impact on the phytoplankton diversity in the Tondano watershed, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using the composite method, water quality sampling to calculate chlorine concentration was carried out at 17 river locations using the composite method, while six river stations represented phytoplankton sampling. Chlorine concentration was measured using UV-VIS spectrophotometry, while plankton sampling used a plankton net with a mesh size of 40 µm and a net mouth diameter of 20 cm. The results show that the highest chlorine concentration was found in Tondano Hilir River (0.05 mg/L), followed by the Kakas River downstream (0.04 mg/L). Chlorine concentration distribution in other rivers has the same concentration (0.03 mg/L). Quality standard Chlorine according to Government Regulation number 22/2021 Appendix VI Class II is 0,03 mg/L. The highest number of species and index of phytoplankton species diversity was found in the Hulu Panasen River, while the highest species abundance was found in the Tondano River downstream. The correlation analysis of species diversity index with chlorine concentration did not show a significant relationship with the diversity of phytoplankton, but aquatic ecosystems have experienced moderate ecological pressure.
Value of the Immunization Program for Children in the 2017 US Birth Cohort
Authors: Carrico Justin , La Elizabeth M. , Talbird Sandra E. , Chen Ya-Ting , Nyaku Mawuli K. , Carias Cristina , Mellott Claire E. , Marshall Gary S. , Roberts Craig S. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the economic impact of routine childhood immunization in the United States, reflecting updated vaccine recommendations and recent data on epidemiology and coverage rates.

METHODS
An economic model followed the 2017 US birth cohort from birth through death; impact was modeled via a decision tree for each of the vaccines recommended for children by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices as of 2017 (with annual influenza vaccine considered in scenario analysis). Using information on historic prevaccine and vaccine-era incidence and disease costs, we calculated disease cases, deaths, disease-related healthcare costs, and productivity losses without and with vaccination, as well as vaccination program costs. We estimated cases and deaths averted because of vaccination, life-years and quality-adjusted life-years gained because of vaccination, incremental costs (2019 US dollars), and the overall benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of routine childhood immunization from the societal and healthcare payer perspectives.

RESULTS
Over the cohort’s lifetime, routine childhood immunization prevented over 17 million cases of disease and 31 000 deaths; 853 000 life years and 892 000 quality-adjusted life-years were gained. Estimated vaccination costs ($8.5 billion) were fully offset by the $63.6 billion disease-related averted costs. Routine childhood immunization was associated with $55.1 billion (BCR of 7.5) and $13.7 billion (BCR of 2.8) in averted costs from a societal and healthcare payer perspective, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
In addition to preventing unnecessary morbidity and mortality, routine childhood immunization is cost-saving. Continued maintenance of high vaccination coverage is necessary to ensure sustained clinical and economic benefits of the vaccination program.
Urbanizaciones ilegales en España: Entre la producción capitalista del espacio y la Producción Social del Hábitat
Authors: López-Casado David 
Published: July 2022

El modo de crecimiento de las ciudades de los últimos decenios ha derivado en una profunda transformación de su estructura urbana. En el ámbito latinoamericano, este proceso ha estado marcado por el predominio de la autoconstrucción y de desarrollos informales bajo distintos modelos; entre ellos el de Producción Social del Hábitat. En España, dicho crecimiento se ha manifestado a partir de procesos de dispersión urbana con la particularidad de haber acogido, junto a desarrollos planificados, otros realizados al margen del planeamiento. Asociados a estos, las urbanizaciones ilegales tuvieron una especial incidencia en la década de los setenta y ochenta del siglo pasado. En este contexto, el objetivo del artículo es establecer un análisis de dos formas de producción de ciudad que, aunque se manifiestan en contextos espaciales y socioeconómicos diferentes, presentan ciertos elementos comunes. Metodológicamente, la investigación se plantea desde una doble perspectiva; de carácter teórico, a partir del análisis de fuentes secundarias poniendo en diálogo dos tradiciones conceptuales de procesos similares en regiones distintas. Y la segunda, de tipo empírico, centrada en el estudio del alcance espacial de las urbanizaciones ilegales en España. Los resultados apuntan a que estas mantienen una importante presencia en las periferias de las principales ciudades del país. Y, en segundo término, que los cambios de modelo lo han convertido en un modo de producción del espacio desarrollado al margen de los canales oficiales y, en cierto sentido, no alienado por el Estado, rasgos que lo aproximan a la Producción Social del Hábitat.
A Robust Statistical Framework to Properly Test the Spatiotemporal Variations of the b-Value: An Application to the Geothermal and Volcanic Zones of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano
Authors: Aguilera Bustos Joaquin Pablo , Taroni Matteo , Adam Ludmila 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Estimating and testing b-value changes spatially and temporally is challenging due to the lack of constraints in the methodology. Commonly, only the direct information of earthquake catalogs is used to test the b-value variation hypotheses, and the same dataset is used both to define anomalous spatiotemporal areas and to perform the test. Here we propose a rigorous statistical framework to estimate and test b-value spatial and temporal differences. This framework is then applied to earthquake magnitude data from the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano (NRV) in Colombia acquired between 2000 and 2018. Our b-value spatial analysis is constrained by geological and geophysical data of the study area, and the timing of volcanic eruption periods is used for temporal variations of b-values. High b-values with a low level of uncertainty occur within a geothermal zone at the NRV and over a zone of magmatic activity. The b-value spatial test is validated using a novel weighted likelihood method that clearly defines these high b-value anomalies. In terms of temporal variations, contrary to observations at other volcanoes, high b-values are obtained outside eruption time windows, whereas during eruption periods the b-value decreases. Our framework sets a foundation for distinguishing spatial and temporal b-value behavior in other active seismic zones.