bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid and simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens in the lower reproductive tract during pregnancy based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification-microfluidic chip
Authors: Xu Xiaofang , Jia Yiguo , Li Ruolin , Wen Yuting , Liang Yuchen , Lao Guangjie , Liu Xiaojuan , Zhou Wei , Liu Huawei , Xie Jiang , Wang Xiaoxia , Xu Wenming , Sun Qun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Female reproductive tract infection (RTI) is the common source of varied diseases, especially as an important risk factor for pregnancy outcomes, therefore the rapid, accurate and simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens is in urgent need for assisting the diagnosis and treatment of RTI in pregnant women. Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Gardnerella vaginalis (G. vaginalis), Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) are five main pathogens in lower genital tract with high risk, serious consequences and clinical demands. The combination of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and microfluidic technology was used to develop the LAMP-microfluidic chip for rapid, simple, sensitive and simultaneous detection of the five target pathogens above.

Results
Standard strains and clinical isolates were used for the establishment of the novel LAMP method in tube and LAMP-microfluidic chip, followed by the chip detection on 103 clinical samples and PCR verification partially. The sensitivities of LAMP of S. agalactiae, E. faecalis, G. vaginalis, and C. albicans in tube were 22.0, 76.0, 13.2, 1.11 CFU/μL, respectively, and C. trachomatis was 41.3 copies/μL; on LAMP-microfluidic chip they were 260, 154, 3.9 and 7.53 CFU/μL, respectively, and C. trachomatis was 120 copies/μL. The positive coincidence rates of clinical stains in tube and on chip experiments were 100%. Compared with the classic culture method performed in hospitals, the positive coincidence rate of the 103 clinical samples detected by LAMP-microfluidic chip were 100%. For the six inconsistent ones, including four G. vaginalis and two C. albicans positive samples tested by LAMP-microfluidic chip and verified by PCR were negative by culturing method in hospitals, indicating the lack of efficient detection by the classic culturing method.

Conclusion
Our study suggested that the LAMP-microfluidic chips could simultaneously, efficiently, and accurately detect multiple main pathogens, including S. agalactiae, E. faecalis, G. vaginalis, C. albicans and C. trachomatis, in clinical samples of female RTI to give a great clinical value. Accordingly, this novel method has the potential to provide a valuable reference for female RTI screening and early diagnosis during pregnancy.
Hepatic vein Doppler in critically ill patients: a reflection of central venous pressure or right ventricular systolic function?
Authors: Zhang Hongmin , Liu Ye , Zhang Qing , Wang Xiaoting , Liu Dawei ,   Critical Care Ultrasound Study Group (CCUSG)
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore whether hepatic vein systolic filling fraction (SFF) is associated with central venous pressure (CVP) and right ventricular (RV) systolic function in critically ill patients.

Methods
Adult patients admitted to ICU with echocardiographic examination were retrospectively enrolled. Echocardiographic parameters including hepatic vein systolic velocity (S) and diastolic phase velocity (D) and haemodynamic information at the time of echo examination were collected. RV systolic dysfunction was defined as tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) < 16 mm. SFF was calculated as S/(S + D).

Results
Two hundred four patients were enrolled in this study among whom 40 patients had a CVP ≤5 mmHg, 110 patients had a CVP 6–9 mmHg and 54 patients had a CVP ≥10 mmHg. The three groups had similar S velocity, D velocity and SFF. No correlation between SFF and CVP was found (r = − 0.046, p = 0.500), but correlation between SFF and TAPSE was noticed (r = 0.468, p < 0.001). The ROC analysis showed that the area under curve (AUC) of SFF for determining CVP ≥10 mmHg was 0.513 (95% CI: 0.420–0.606, p = 0.775), but the AUC of SFF for determining RV systolic dysfunction was 0.759 (95% CI: 0.686–0.833, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Hepatic vein systolic filling fraction is associated with RV systolic function in critically ill patients and is not associated with CVP.
Coronary artery calcification in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease
Authors: Xiang Xiadan , He Ji , Zhang Wei , He Qiang , Liu Yueming 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Studies have shown that vascular calcification is a major predictor of CVD. Vascular calcification in the CKD population is associated with various risk factors, and changes in bone and mineral metabolism have been linked to an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the correlation between vascular calcification and bone metabolism, which is necessary to improve the survival and prognosis of patients with CKD.

Methods
We included 146 patients with CKD who received coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores at our hospital from May 2017 to November 2018. Spearman rank correlation analysis, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kaplan–Meier method were used to analyze laboratory data and all-cause mortality.

Results
In the 146 patients, chronic glomerulonephritis accounted for the most common cause of CKD, at approximately 39.0%. Spearman rank correlation analysis on the factors influencing vascular calcification in patients with CKD showed that CAC score was significantly and positively correlated with C-reactive protein, N-terminal/midregion osteocalcin (N-MID), N-terminal peptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), β-cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTx), and parathyroid hormone (P = 0.0423, P = 0.0432, P = 0.0235, P = 0.0061, P < 0.0001, respectively). Serum calcium levels were positively correlated with N-MID, P1NP, β-CTx, and iPTH (r = 0.19, r = 0.24, r = 0.21, r = 0.21, respectively), and serum phosphorus levels were positively correlated with N-MID, P1NP, β-CTx, and iPTH (r = 0.50, r = 0.37, r = 0.50, r = 0.55, respectively). However, no difference was found in CVC scores among patients with CKD in different stages and receiving different treatments. In the Kaplan–Meier analysis of all-cause hospitalization and mortality rates, patients with CAC > 400 had a higher risk.

Conclusion
We found that the primary cause of CKD is glomerulonephritis, and the CAC score is positively correlated with inflammatory and bone metabolism markers, with a higher risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular hospitalization when the CAC score is greater than 400.
Establishment and evaluation of a CT-based radiomic model for AIDS-associated pulmonary cryptococcosis
Authors: Zhang Zi-xin , Mu Xing-yu , Yu Jing , Guan Chun-shuang , Chen Bu-dong , Xie Ru-Ming 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Establish a CT-based diagnostic radiomic model for AIDS complicated with pulmonary cryptococcosis and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of this model.

Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 98 AIDS patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis and 103 AIDS patients with other infections or neoplastic lesions, comprising a total of 699 lesions. Patients were randomly divided into a training group and test group at a ratio of 2.75:1. Features from all lesions, cavity lesions and solid nodule lesions were extracted, and two kinds of radiomic models (6 types) were established. ROC curves were drawn, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated to compare the SVM model and LR model, radiologists’ empirical diagnoses and the combination of these empirical diagnoses with the radiomic model.

Results
The AUCs of senior radiologist for all lesions and cavity lesions were lower than those of the SVM and LR models. The diagnostic efficacy of primary radiologist was lower than that of both of the other model types. The diagnostic efficacy of the LR model was relatively stable, with the highest diagnostic efficiency of the 3 model/radiologist groups. The AUCs of intermediate radiologist in combination with the LR radiomic model for all lesions, nodular lesions and cavity lesions were 0.88, 0.84, and 0.9, respectively, which were the highest among all models and radiologists.

Conclusions
The CT-based radiomic LR model of AIDS-associated pulmonary cryptococcosis exhibits good diagnostic performance, which was similar to that of senior radiologists and higher than that of the primary radiologist. With the help of a radiomic model, radiologists can achieve improved diagnostic accuracy compared to that when only an empirical diagnosis is used.
An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the experience of couples’ recovery from the psychological symptoms of trauma following traumatic childbirth
Authors: Attard Rosie , Iles Jane , Bristow Florence , Satherley Rose-Marie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlobally, a large proportion of birthing mothers, and a to a lesser extent their partners, experience birth trauma each year, and yet access to adequate post-natal trauma support is rarely available. Untreated birth trauma has been shown to negatively impact the family in terms of the parents’ relationship with one another, and long-term negative consequences for the child. Despite a drive towards integrating mental health support into maternity services and a call to provide mental health support for couples rather than solely the birthing mother, there is little research exploring what birthing couples find helpful in recovery from birth trauma. The current research interviewed six couples using an Interpretative Phenomenological Approach in order to explore their understanding of what supported their recovery from birth trauma. Four themes were identified: ‘We need validation’, ‘Feeling paper thin’, ‘This is a system failure’ and ‘Birth trauma is always going to be a part of you’. The data describes an understanding of parents’ feelings of vulnerability and loss of trust in services to provide support following birth trauma. Further, parents’ need for validation and repositioning of control away from healthcare professionals when considering the availability and knowledge of the support options available is discussed. Clinical implications for supporting parents following birth trauma are explored, including an identified need for trauma informed care communication training for all healthcare professionals involved in maternity care, and the requirement for sources of therapeutic support external from the parent dyad in order to maintain the couples’ interpersonal relationship.
Magnitude and its associated factors of teenage pregnancy among antenatal care attendees in Bahir Dar city administration health institutions, northwest, Ethiopia
Authors: Beyene Fentahun Yenealem , Tesfu Azimeraw Arega , Wudineh Kihinetu Gelaye , Wassie Toyiba Hiyaru 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Worldwide teenage pregnancies develop many devastating complications, both the mother and the neonate like developing anemia, nutritional deficiency, pregnancy induced hypertension, preterm baby, inadequate weight gains and obstructed labor, fistula and sepsis. Reproductive health concerns of adolescents the main emphasis area which increasing international attention in recent years. Therefore, we intended to assess the magnitude and its associated factors of teenage pregnancy in Bahir Dar city administration health institutions, northwest, Ethiopia, 2017.

Methods
A health institution based a cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant mothers from February 20-March 27, 2017 in Bahir Dar city administration. Five hundred forty-nine participants were selected by face to face interview and medical card review by using systematic random sampling technique every four intervals for each health institution. Bivariate and multivariate data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Windows version 21 and level of significance of association was determined at P- value < 0.05.

Result
The study identified 12.2%with (95%CI (9.5, 14.9)) of pregnant women were teenagers. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that: [(AOR (95% CI)) rural residency 3.21(1.234, 9.345), age at first marriage < 18 years 9(7.823, 17.571) and not using contraception prior to this pregnancy 5.22(3.243, 11.675)] were significantly associated with teenage pregnancy.

Conclusion
The magnitude of teenage pregnancy was comparable to the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey finding. Rural residency, age at first marriage and not using of contraception prior to the current pregnant were significantly associated with teenage pregnancy. As per the findings, awareness creation to the rural population, advocating utilization of contraception, avoid early marriage and put the mindset the effect of teenage pregnancy for those are needed.
Effectiveness of adjunct telephone-based postnatal care on maternal and infant illness in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ameme Donne Kofi , Akweongo Patricia , Afari Edwin Andrew , Noora Charles Lwanga , Anthony Richard , Kenu Ernest 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Globally, postnatal care (PNC) is fraught with challenges. Despite high PNC coverages in Ghana’s Greater Accra Region (GAR), maternal and newborn health outcomes are of great concern. In 2017, neonatal and post-neonatal mortality rates in GAR were 19 and 13 per 1000 live births respectively despite PNC coverages of 93% for at least one PNC and 87.5% for PNC within 48 hours post-delivery. Telephone follow-up has been used to improve health outcomes in some settings, however, its usefulness in improving maternal and infant health during the postnatal period is not well known in Ghana. We assessed effectiveness of telephone-based PNC on infant and maternal illness in selected hospitals in GAR.

Methods
An open-label, assessor-blinded, parallel-group, two-arm superiority randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation ratio was conducted from September 2020 to March 2021. Mother-baby pairs in intervention arm, in addition to usual PNC, received midwife-led telephone counselling within 48 hours post-discharge plus telephone access to midwife during postnatal period. In control arm, only usual PNC was provided. Descriptive and inferential data analyses were conducted to generate frequencies, relative frequencies, risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Primary analysis was by intention-to-treat (ITT), complemented by per-protocol (PP) analysis.

Results
Of 608 mother-baby pairs assessed for eligibility, 400 (65.8%) were enrolled. During 3 months follow-up, proportion of infants who fell ill was 62.5% in intervention arm and 77.5% in control arm (p = 0.001). Maternal illness occurred in 27.5% of intervention and 38.5% of control participants (p = 0.02). Risk of infant illness was 20% less in intervention than control arm in both ITT analysis [RR = 0.8 (95%CI = 0.71–0.92] and PP analysis [RR = 0.8 (95%CI = 0.67–0.89)]. Compared to controls, risk of maternal illness in intervention arm was 30% lower in both ITT [RR = 0.7 (95%CI = 0.54–95.00)] and PP analysis [RR = 0.7 (95%CI = 0.51–0.94)].

Conclusion
Telephone-based PNC significantly reduced risk of maternal and infant illness within first 3 months after delivery. This intervention merits consideration as a tool for adoption and scale up to improve infant and maternal health.

Trial registration
This trial was retrospectively registered with the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) Registry with number ISRCTN46905855 on 09/04/2021.
Mechanical strength of antibiotic-loaded PMMA spacers in two-stage revision surgery
Authors: Lunz Andre , Knappe Kevin , Omlor Georg W. , Schonhoff Mareike , Renkawitz Tobias , Jaeger Sebastian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement spacers provide high local antibiotic concentrations and patient mobility during the interim period of two-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). This study compares mechanical characteristics of six dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement (dALBC) preparations made from three different PMMA bone cements. The study`s main objective was to determine the effect of time and antibiotic concentration on mechanical strength of dALBCs frequently used for spacer fabrication in the setting of two-stage revision for PJI.

Methods
A total of 84 dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement specimens made of either Copal spacem, Copal G + V or Palacos R + G were fabricated. Each specimen contained 0.5 g of gentamicin and either 2 g (low concentration) or 4 g (high concentration) of vancomycin powder per 40 g bone cement. The bending strength was determined at two different timepoints, 24 h and six weeks after spacer fabrication, using the four-point bending test.

Results
Preparations made from Copal G + V showed the highest bending strength after incubation for 24 h with a mean of 57.6 ± 1.2 MPa (low concentration) and 50.4 ± 4.4 MPa (high concentration). After incubation for six weeks the bending strength had decreased in all six preparations and Palacos R + G showed the highest bending strength in the high concentration group (39.4 ± 1.6 MPa). All low concentration preparations showed superior mechanical strength compared to their high concentration (4 g of vancomycin) counterpart. This difference was statistically significant for Copal spacem and Copal G + V (both p < 0.001), but not for Palacos R + G (p = 0.09).

Conclusions
This study suggests that mechanical strength of antibiotic-loaded PMMA bone cement critically decreases even over the short time period of six weeks, which is the recommended interim period in the setting of two-stage revision. This potentially results in an increased risk for PMMA spacer fracture at the end of the interim period and especially in patients with prolonged interim periods. Finally, we conclude that intraoperative addition of 4 g of vancomycin powder per 40 g of gentamicin-premixed Palacos R + G (Group D) is mechanically the preparation of choice if a dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer with high antibiotic concentrations and good stability is warranted. In any case the written and signed informed consent including the off-label use of custom-made antibiotic-loaded PMMA bone cement spacers must be obtained before surgery.
Application of pedicled greater omentum flap tamponade combined with laparoscopic fenestration in diaphragmatic hepatic cyst
Authors: Wu Zujian , Chen Yun , Jin Ye , Liu Changfeng , Liu Yusu , Zhang Bing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the efficacy and clinical application advantage of omental tamponade with vascular pedicle combined with Laparoscopic fenestration for the treatment of diaphragmatic hepatic cyst.

Methods
A total of 56 patients with diaphragmatic hepatic cysts underwent laparoscopic surgery in a single tertiary academic medical center from January 2010 to October 2020, including 21 patients (non-omental group) underwent laparoscopic fenestration of liver cysts, and 36 patients underwent laparoscopic liver cyst fenestration combined with vascular pedicle omentum tamponade (omental group). The general conditions and follow-up results of the two groups were compared and annalyzed.

Results
The operation time of the omental group was longer than that of the non-omental group (P = 1.358E-4). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications, postoperative laboratory values and hospital costs (P>0.05). The length of hospital stay in omental group was shorter than that in non-omental group (P = 0.034). In the omental group, recurrence occurred in 1 of 35 patients (4.65%) who were followeded up 12 months after surgery. In the non-omental group, of the 21 patients followed, 3 patients (14.28%) recurred 6 months after surgery, and 8 patients (38.10%) recurred 12 months after surgery.

Conclusion
It is an effective method to prevent the recurrence of diaphragmatic hepatic cyst after laparoscopic fenestration by packing the cyst with vascularized omentum.
A fluoroscopic view for midshaft clavicular fracture reduction and internal fixation: posteroanterior 25° skyline projection
Authors: Chen Wentao , Wang Baojun , Liu Zhenyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Open reduction and internal fixation have been frequently applied for displaced midshaft clavicular fracture. Plate and screw fixation of clavicular fractures could provide rigid fixation and rotational control. Proper implant positioning in surgical fixation is critical to prevent iatrogenic complications. Fluoroscopy plays an important role in the intraoperative evaluation of implants. This study aimed to introduce a new fluoroscopic projection to evaluate the positioning of plates and screws.

Methods
Adult patients with a diagnosis of acute displaced midshaft clavicular fracture were included in this study. The slope angle of the midshaft clavicle was measured on sagittal reconstructions of preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. The incidence of screw revision based on intraoperative standard posteroanterior (PA) and PA 25° cephalic skyline projections was compared. The interobserver agreement for the two projections was calculated.

Results
Twenty-nine patients with midshaft clavicular fractures were enrolled from January 2020 to June 2021. The PA 25° skyline projection could clearly display the tangential line of the plate and inferior border of the clavicle. The slope angle on the superior surface of the midshaft clavicle was 26.0 ± 5.8° (range: 18.5–38.3°). The incidence of screw revision using the PA projection (72.4%) was significantly different from that using the PA 25° skyline projection (34.5%) (P < 0.05). The concordance of the screw revision rate based on the standard PA and PA 25° skyline projections was strong, with kappa coefficients of 0.680 (95% CI: 0.394–0.968) and 0.776 (95% CI: 0.537–0.998).

Conclusion
The PA 25° skyline projection corresponds to the slope angle of the midshaft clavicle. It can provide more accurate information regarding the proper screw length and be applied as a routine method for intraoperative evaluation.