bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The derivational morphology of Shinasha language
Authors: Amanu Adugnaw Techane , Woyila Habtamu Anbessie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study has attempted to identify lexeme formation processes in Shinasha language. The researchers used elicitation/ linguistics interview / to collect the necessary data. Hence, Shinasha language has four word formation processes. These are derivational, compounding, reduplication and some words by changing the tone pattern of the language. With regard to nominalization: abstract, instrumental, result, gerundive and manner nominals are derived from nouns, adjectives and from verbs by suffixing bound morphemes. Concerning to Shinasha verbs, there are four types of verbs: causative, passive, reciprocal, transitive and imperative verbs which are only derived from root verbs through suffixation and by changing the sound morphemes. On the other hand adjectives are formed from nouns and verbs. The main Shinasha compound words are nouns, verbs and adjectives. They are formed by combining the same or different word classes. The third type of word formation process is reduplication. It forms frequentative and plural nouns of the language. The fourth process is tone variation; it is used to form nouns and verbs from other verbs and nouns by changing the pitch patterns of the language.
A Newly Defined m7G-Related Gene Signature for Overall Survival Prognosis of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yuan Lebin , Cheng Fei , Wu Zhao , Shen Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is a highly malignant disease with unsatisfactory prognosis. In recent years, it has been reported that m7G methylation can regulate promoter sequence and induce gene expression or silencing so that affect tumor progression. However, the prognostic value of m7G-related genes in KIRC needs to be further clarified. Methods: In this paper, we downloaded the mRNA expression profile and corresponding clinical data of KIRC patients from the public database TCGA. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model was utilized to construct a multigene signature in the TCGA cohort. A risk score model was established based on Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Then, we performed functional enrichment analysis and immune infiltration analysis of differentially expressed genes between high-risk group and low-risk group.Result: 13 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in normal and tumor tissues. Based on the median score calculated by the risk score formula from 29 m7G-related genes, 534 patients were divided into low-risk and high-risk subgroups, respectively. The survival probability of KIRC patients in the low-risk group was significantly better than that in the high-risk group(p<0.001). The tumor grade and risk level were independent predictors for OS in multivariate Cox regression analyses (HR> 1, P< 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis confirmed the signature's predictive capacity. Functional analysis revealed that human immunodeficiency was enriched, and immune status were different between two risk groups.Conclusion: A new m7G-related gene biomarker can be used to predict the prognosis of KIRC, which may be a therapeutic option for KIRC patients.
Clinical Aspects, Microbiological Features, and Therapeutic Outcome of Brain Abscess: An Experience of a Referral Center
Authors: Darazam Ilad Alavi , Hatami Firouze , Shokouhi Shervin , Mardani Masoud , Shabani Minoosh , Khabiri Neda , Rezaei Omidvar , Gharehbagh Farid Javandoust , Samadian Mohammad , Sharifi Guive , Ebrahimzadeh Kaveh , Mousavinejad Seyed Ali , Hallajnejad Mohammad , Rabiei Mohammad Mahdi , Bidari Farahnaz , Jamali Elena , Sabeti Shahram 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Brain abscess (BA) is recognized as a potentially fatal neurological infection requiring appropriate and prompt treatment. Improvements in diagnostic imaging and patient care have recently changed clinical symptoms, epidemiology, and outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to review all BA patients in our referral center.
Method
This study retrospectively reviewed all confirmed cases of BA referred to an academic teaching hospital and tertiary referral center between 2009 and 2021.
Result
The study included 119 clinically and radiologically confirmed brain abscesses (84% male vs. 16% female) with a mean age of 38.6 ± 16 years (range:1–79 years). The cause of BA in most cases (71.4%) was unknown. Only 11 patients had positive smears. Approximately 42.9% of patients were treated with surgery and antibiotic therapy, and the rest were treated with antibiotic therapy. The mortality rate in our study was 31.1%. Based on our analysis, HIV patients (P: 0.003), IV drug users (P: 0.025), and patients with loss of consciousness at the time of admission (P < 0.001) had a high mortality rate. On the other hand, patients treated with surgical intervention exhibited a low mortality rate (P: 0.02). The most common site of BA in our patients was the parietal (27.2%).
Conclusion
In our experience, HIV patients, IV drug users, and unconscious people on admission had higher mortality rates. The mortality rate of patients who underwent surgery was also low. The source of BA in most patients was unknown.
Factors influencing men’s decisions whether or not to utilize sexual and reproductive health services in Low-Middle-Income countries: A narrative review
Authors: Nyalela Mpumelelo , Dlungwane Thembelihle 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Low-Middle-Income countries (LMIC) present with a high aversion to the utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services by men. Nevertheless, in both Low-Middle-Income and High-Income countries, low SRH utilization is mainly related to men's poor Health Seeking Behaviour (HSB). Identifying SRH inhibitors and facilitators remains an essential approach to improve SRH utilization and avert higher mortality and earlier morbidity associated with poor HSB among men. This literature review identifies factors contributing to men's decisions not to utilize SRH services, particularly to inform a conceptual model illustrating men's SRH utilization in LMIC.
Methods
In this narrative review, we searched articles published between 2004 and 2021 from international databases, including Google Scholar, Science Direct, EBSCOhost, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, and reference lists of retrieved published articles.
Results
A total of 2219 articles were retrieved, from which 51 articles met the inclusion criteria. We reveal lack of access and availability of SRH services, poor health-seeking behavior among men and, SRH facilities often not being seen as "male-friendly” spaces and not providing men's services under one roof as the underlying factors contributing to the poor uptake of SRH services by men. Further influences to decline in SRH utilization by men included lack of focus on adult men's sexual and reproductive health; the lack of inclusion of men in a meaningful way; and the insufficient evidence about large-scale and implementable approaches to address men’s SRH needs. Our reviews reveal that dealing with negative or inhibiting factors to manage low utilization of SRH services had improved men's SRH utilization where this was carried out. We conclude by proposing a framework to illustrate men's engagement with SRH services.
FTOR-ModPSO: A Fault Tolerance and an Optimal Relay Node Selection Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks using Modified PSO
Authors: SREED POGULA , Venkateswarlu S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Most of the wireless sensor networks are energy limited. To improve the lifetime of a network, the energy consumption should be reduced. Clustering is a proven technique that reduces energy consumption in WSNs. The energy can be saved by sending the collected information to the sink using the Cluster Head (CH) nodes. Fault tolerance is a crucial issue in WSNs, and one cluster head failure collapses the entire data communication. This paper presents a fault tolerance cluster-based routing technique. This paper aims to provide improved fault tolerance and data aggregation technique for clustered WSN using FTOR-ModPSO (Fault tolerance and optimal relay node with modified Particle Swarm Optimization). Here, the fault tolerance is achieved by selecting the backup cluster head (BKCH) for every cluster. The method consists of two phases. The network is categorized into clusters in the first phase whereas in the second phase, CHs and BKCHs are selected. Intra-cluster communication happens between member and CH nodes. Aggregator nodes (AG) are used for inter-cluster communication, and modified PSO identifies CH and AG's best relay. The fault tolerance and packet delivery rate are increased with less energy utilization compared to other existing energy-saving protocols by implementing this method.
Comparison of in-vitro susceptibility of Fosfomycin against drug resistant uropathogens by various susceptibility testing methods.
Authors: Bir Raunak , Mohapatra Sarita , Kumar Arvind , Arif Nazneen , Tyagi Sonu , AK Aswin Pius , Gautam Hitender , Sood Seema , Das Bimal Kumar , Kapil Arti 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Urinary tract infections are one of the most common bacterial infections causing high morbidity and mortality. Alarming rise of multidrug resistant uropathogens worldwide, forced the clinician to rethink about the old drugs like Fosfomycin for its therapeutic management. Our objective was to compare agar dilution (AD), disc diffusion (DD) and E test method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of Fosfomycin against different drug resistant uropathogens. Consecutive 181 uropathogens were tested for Fosphomycin AST using AD, DD and E test. Results were interpreted using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints. Escherichia coli was found as the most common (62.4%) uropathogen followed by Klebsiella spp. (21%). Considering agar dilution as gold standard, 6.1% of isolates were resistant to Fosfomycin. Following CLSI breakpoints, the susceptibility of E.coli, Klebsiella spp., other Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 92.9%, 92.1%, 100 %, 100%; whereas using EUCAST breakpoints the susceptibility rates were 85.7%, 86.9%, 92.9%, and 100%, respectively. The essential agreement, categorical agreement, major error, and very major error for E-test/ DD for all the organisms were 91.2%/Not Applicable, 95%/93.9%, 1.8%/4.7%, 9.1%/9.1%, respectively. This result supports very low resistance of Enterobacterales against Fosfomycin; hence should be considered as a valuable option to treat multidrug resistant uropathogens. DD observed to be a convenient method for Fosphomycin AST comparing AD.
Nurses’ experiences with continuous vital sign monitoring on the general surgical ward: a qualitative study based on the Behaviour Change Wheel
Authors: Leenen Jobbe PL , Dijkman Eline M , Hout Annemarie van , Kalkman Cor J , Schoonhoven Lisette , Patijn Gijsbert A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTo support early recognition of clinical deterioration on a general ward continuous vital signs monitoring (CMVS) systems using wearable devices are increasingly being investigated. Although nurses play a crucial role in successful implementation, reported nurse adoption and acceptance scores vary significantly. In-depth insight into the perspectives of nurses regarding CMVS is lacking. To this end, we applied a theoretical approach for behaviour change derived from the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW). AimTo provide insight in the capability, opportunity and motivation of nurses providing working with CMVS, in order to inform future implementation efforts. MethodsA qualitative study was conducted, including twelve nurses of a surgical ward in a tertiary teaching hospital with previous experience of working with CMVS. Semi-structured interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using thematic analysis. The results were mapped onto the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behaviour (COM-B) model of the BCW.ResultsFive key themes emerged. The theme ‘learning and coaching on the job’ linked to Capability. Nurses favoured learning about CVSM by dealing with it in daily practice. Receiving bedside guidance and coaching was perceived as important. The theme ‘interpretation of vital sign trends’ also linked to Capability. Nurses mentioned the novelty of monitoring vital sign trends of patients on wards. The theme ‘Management of alarms’ linked to Opportunity. Nurses perceived the (false) alarms generated by the system as excessive resulting in feelings of irritation and uncertainty. The theme ‘Integration and compatibility with clinical workflow’ linked to Opportunity. CVSM was experienced as helpful and easy to use, although integration in mobile devices and the EMR was highly favoured and the management of clinical workflows would need improvement. The theme ‘added value for nursing care’ linked to Motivation. All nurses recognized the potential added value of CVSM for postoperative care.ConclusionOur findings suggest all parts of the COM-B model should be considered when implementing CVSM on general wards. When the themes in Capability and Opportunity are not properly addressed by selecting interventions and policy categories, this may negatively influence the Motivation and may compromise successful implementation.
How Can City’s Water Resources Pressure be Alleviated? from the Perspective of Critical Path Water Resources Management
Authors: wang fengting , liu cong , xiong lichun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The pressure on water resources as a result of the socioeconomic system has caused more attention to be paid to the consumption of water resources and the indirect consumption of intermediate inputs; the mitigation of pressure on water resources and its key transmission sector has been less explored. This paper, which is based on water-expanded input–output data from 2002, 2007, and 2012 in Beijing, identifies the key transmission sector for water consumption and its annual dynamic changes with a Betweenness-based method and analyzes specific categories of features of industrial water resource consumption by using a method with hierarchical clustering and typology. The results show that there are significant differences in the water consumption rankings measured with the Betweenness-based method and other traditional input–output indexes. The Betweenness method provides additional information on the key transmission sectors of water use that were unobservable with traditional metrics. Furthermore, the sectors with high betweenness-based water consumption changed from traditional heavy industries, such as the mining sector and paper printing, to the modern manufacturing industries, which were dominated by the communication, automobile, electronics, and high-technology service industries and were led by commercial, research and development, and information services from 2002 to 2012. Finally, the results of hierarchical clustering and typology method showed that the sectors corresponding to Category 1 and Category 2 were the key transmission sectors for water consumption in the economic system, and they need more attention. This research suggests that water resource management policies should be formulated for the key transmission sectors in order to alleviate the pressure from water resource shortages.
Analysis on the Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of the Shallow Soil Temperature of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li Yujie , Zhang Cunjie , Li Zhenchao , Yang Liwei , Jin Xiao , Gao Xiaoqing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Shallow soil refers to the soil layer within 50 cm underground. Shallow soil temperature (ST) directly or indirectly affects many processes in the soil, such as seed germination, plant growth, water evaporation. Shallow ST is also affected by solar radiation, atmospheric circulation, air temperature and precipitation changes. Therefore, the study of shallow ST is of great significance in understanding surface energy, water cycle, ecology and climate change. This work collected the observational data from 141 meteorological stations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1981 to 2020, analyzed the ST as well as its temporal and spatial change characteristics at different levels. The results show that: 1) The shallow ST has a gradually increasing trend from north to south, from west to east. From the perspective of time characteristics, the increasing trend is obvious. The temperature increase of 0-20cm (the surface layer of the shallow soil) is roughly the same. The average annual ST is 9.15–9.57 ℃, the interdecadal variabilities are 0.49–0.53 K/10a. The average annual ST of 40cm (the bottom layer) is 8.69 ℃, the interdecadal variability reaches by 0.98 K/10a; 2) Considering the 7 regions, the warming trend is obvious, and there are certain regional differences. The average annual ST in different regions ranges from 5.2°C (Northeast of the Plateau) to 17.1°C (Western Sichuan Plateau), with a difference of nearly 12K; the standard deviation ranges from 0.40K (Western Sichuan Plateau) to 0.61K (Qiangtang Plateau), with a difference of 0.21K. This work is significant for understanding the characteristics of the ST evolution and the land-atmosphere interaction on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Proposal to reduce potable water consumption in a metallurgical industry in the metropolitan region of Curitiba city – case study
Authors: Gil Wellington T. , Valle Pablo D. , Deschamps Fernando 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This research is based on the need to reduce the consumption of potable water due to the current water scenario allied to the company's socio-environmental situation. The metallurgical industry is the third industrial group with the highest consumption of potable water in the world. This study can be used in other metallurgical industry segments besides residences, public and private works. Currently, the water usage scenario of Curitiba and the metropolitan region is classified as ‘quantitative critical’, which can cause companies to accelerate the process of water collection through alternative sources. Through surveying potential sources for water collection, three sources of capture and one point for press water were classified. For validation of these potentials, chemical-physical tests were performed on the water samples. Subsequently, reservoir sizing calculations were performed based on the ABNT NBR 15527 standard. Thus, the first idea of reducing potable water consumption was up to 84%, even in the month with the lowest volume of rain.
Heterogeneous degradation of amoxicillin in the presence of synthesized alginate-Fe beads catalyst by the electro-Fenton process using a graphite cathode recovered from used batteries
Authors: Kadji Hakima , Yahiaoui Idris , Akkouche Fadila , Boudrahem Farouk , Ramdani Sonia , Saidane Anissa , Manseri Amar , Amrane Abdeltif , Aissani-Benissad Farida 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Iron alginate beads (Fe-Alg) were prepared, characterized and implemented for the degradation of amoxicillin (AMX) by the heterogeneous electro-Fenton process using a graphite cathode recovered from used batteries. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that (Fe-Alg) beads have a spherical shape and the results of energy dispersive spectrometric (EDS) revealed the presence of iron in (Fe-Alg). Optimization of the operating parameters showed that a complete degradation of AMX was achieved within 90 min of heterogeneous electro-Fenton treatment by operating under these conditions: initial AMX concentration: 0.0136 mM, I = 600 mA, [Na2SO4] = 50 mM, pH = 3, T = 25 °C, ω = 360 rpm. The corresponding chemical oxygen demand (COD) abatement was 50%. Increasing the contact time increased the COD abatement to 85.71%, after 150 min of heterogeneous electro-Fenton treatment. The results of the kinetic study by using nonlinear methods demonstrated that the reaction of AMX degradation obeyed to a pseudo-second-order kinetic. Iron content of 4.63% w/w was determined by the acid digestion method. After 5 cycles of use, the Alg-Fe catalyst depletion was only 8%. Biodegradability was remarkably improved after electro-Fenton pretreatment, since it increased from 0.07 initially to 0.36. The heterogeneous electro-Fenton process had efficiently eliminated AMX and it increased the biodegradability of the treated solution.
Natural Medicines as Gastro-protective Therapy in the Treatment of
Peptic Ulcer: A Multifaceted Approach
Authors: Singh Pranjal Kumar , Easwari Trichy Siva 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are the ailments of the digestive tract that affect its
function, including digestion, absorption, and excretion. The dysfunction of the gastrointestinal
tract may occur due to infections by bacteria, parasites, and viruses. Peptic ulcer disease is a gastrointestinal
tract disorder of the stomach and duodenum associated with infection of Helicobacter
pylori. Helicobacter pylori is regarded as the worldwide causative agent responsible for the
etiology of peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma. The existing drug therapies are good healers in
this situation, but due to resistance problems and side effects of drugs, researchers have been
working to find out some safe alternatives. Interestingly, the medicinal herbs have been used for
treating several disorders, including peptic ulcers, and are considered an effective and safer alternative
to existing drugs. They are also considered eco-friendly, easily available, safe, and less
toxic than traditional treatment therapy. Combining herbal medicines with natural products has
been shown effective in treating peptic ulcers. In this review, the medicinal plants used against
H. pylori infection have been discussed. The mechanisms of herbal drugs in healing peptic ulcers
involve inhibition of H+ K+ ATPase pump, reduction in gastric acid secretion, and protection of
gastric mucosa that have also been elaborated in this review. The phytochemicals responsible for
biological activity have been summarized in the present article. The combination of herbs and
natural products in the form of the polyherbal formulation may also be helpful as an effective
therapy for treating peptic ulcers. Medicinal plants may offer the researchers new chemical molecules
to explore as future drugs or as biochemical agents to unravel the etiology of the disease.
Microwave 3D Imaging System Featuring the Phase Coherence Factor for
Improved Beamforming
Authors: Abdullah Mohd. Zaid , Rasappan Rasammal , Anwar Nik Syarim Nik , Zanoon Tareq Faisal , Sun Tiang Sew , Ain Mohd. Fadzil 
Published: March 2022

Background:
This paper presents an improved radar-based imaging system for breast cancer
detection that features p-slot ultrawideband antennae in a 32-array set-up. The improved reconstruction
algorithm incorporates the phase coherence factor (PCF) into the conventional delay and sum
(DAS) beamforming algorithm, thus effectively suppressing noise arising from the side- and gratinglobe
interferences.

Methods:
The system is tested by using several breast models fabricated from chemical mixtures formulated
on the basis of realistic human tissues. Each model is placed in a hemispherical breast radome
that was fabricated from polylactide material and surrounded by 32 p-slot antennae mounted in four
concentric layers. These antennae are connected to an 8.5 GHz vector network analyser through two
16-channel multiplexers that automatically switch different combinations of transmitter and receiver
pairs in a sequential manner.

Results:
The system can accurately detect 5 mm tumours in a complex and homogeneously dense 3D
breast model with an average signal-to-clutter ratio and full-width half-maximum of 7.0 dB and 2.3
mm, respectively. These values are more competitive than the values of other beamforming algorithms,
even with contrasts as low as 1:2.

Conclusion:
The proposed PCF-weighted DAS is the best-performing algorithm amongst the tested
beamforming techniques. This research paves the way for a clinical trial involving human subjects.
Our laboratory is planning such a trial as part of future work.