bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal plasticity of coral reef symbionts is linked to major alterations in their lipidome composition
Authors: T. Botana Marina , Chaves‐Filho Adriano B. , Inague Alex , Z. Güth Arthur , Saldanha‐Corrêa Flavia , Müller Marius N. , Sumida Paulo Y. G. , Miyamoto Sayuri , Kellermann Matthias Y. , Valentine Raymond C. , Yoshinaga Marcos Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCoral bleaching caused by ocean warming is leading to worldwide coral decline. The physiological processes underlying this ecological event are still incompletely understood, although previous research has suggested oxidative stress as major player in the impairment of symbiont thylakoid membranes and in symbiosis breakdown. Lipids are interesting targets of investigation, given their susceptibility to thermal and oxidative stresses. Here, an untargeted lipidomic approach was employed to examine changes in lipidome and pigments of three coral reef symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) after a heat shock in in vitro experiments. The acute thermal stress induced species‐specific changes in lipidome and pigments compositions of both heat sensitive and tolerant symbionts. Heat sensitivity was characterized by a steep and steady decline in cell densities over time (4 and 240 h after heat shock). At the membrane level, heat sensitive symbiont displayed a quantitative decrease in glycolipids linked to polyunsaturated fatty acids, followed by enrichment in oxidized lipids and sphingolipids. Despite showing distinct adaptations, the two heat tolerant symbionts were characterized by the preservation of membrane lipids after heat shock, particularly glycolipids. This finding suggests the action of powerful antioxidant systems, preventing the escalation of oxidized lipids concentration in thylakoid membranes under thermal stress. Although limited by the examination of free‐living symbionts, our study provides a solid baseline for the investigation of lipidome and pigments alterations of Symbiodiniaceae in response to heat stress. Novel potential lipid biomarkers linked to thermal stress are suggested. In particular, oxidized lipids—which are implicated in coral symbiosis establishment and breakdown—appear as attractive targets for further research.
Measurement‐based validation of a commercial Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm for electron beams
Authors: Pittomvils Geert , Bogaert Evelien , Traneus Erik , Thysebaert Pieternel , De Wagter Carlos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeThis work presents the clinical validation of RayStation's electron Monte Carlo code by the use of diodes and plane parallel radiation detectors in homogenous and heterogeneous tissues. Results are evaluated against internationally accepted criteria.MethodsThe Monte Carlo–based electron beam dose calculation code was validated using diodes, air‐ and liquid‐filled parallel radiation detectors on an Elekta linac with beam energies of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 MeV. Treatment setups with varying source‐to‐skin distances, different applicators, various cutouts, and oblique beam incidences were addressed, together with dose prediction behind lung‐, air‐, and bone‐equivalent inserts. According to NCS (Netherlands Commission for Radiation Dosimetry) report 15 for nonstandard treatment setups, a dose agreement of 3% in the δ1 region (high‐dose region around Zref), a distance‐to‐agreement (DTA) of 3 mm or a dose agreement of 10% in the δ2 region (regions with high‐dose gradients), and 4% in the δ4 region (photon tail/low‐dose region) were applied. During validation, clinical routine settings of 2 × 2 × 2‐mm3 dose voxels and a statistically dose uncertainty of 0.6% (250 000 histories/cm2) were used.ResultsRayStation's electron Monte Carlo code dose prediction was able to achieve the tolerances of NCS report 15. Output predictions as a function of the SSD improve with energy and applicator size. Cutout data revealed no field size or energy dependence on the accuracy of the dose prediction. Excellent agreement for the oblique incidence data was achieved and a maximum of one voxel difference was obtained for the DTA behind heterogeneous inserts.ConclusionsThe accuracy of RayStation's Monte Carlo–based electron beam dose prediction for Elekta accelerators is confirmed for clinical treatment planning that is not only performed within an acceptable timeframe in terms of the number of histories but also addresses for homogenous and heterogeneous media.
Health disparities and access to advanced therapy for overactive bladder
Authors: Roselli Nicole , Mckay Elishia , Nauheim Jennifer , Halani Priyanka K. , Abraham Nitya E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsRefractory overactive bladder (OAB) is among the most common reasons for referral to specialists in voiding dysfunction. Significant racial and ethnic disparities exist in prevalence, severity, and management of OAB, presenting care barriers for marginalized patients. We aim to explicate these disparities and explore the factors that led to their existence and persistence. We will additionally offer suggestions to mitigate such disparities and approach equitable care for our patients.MethodsThis is a narrative review of pertinent articles related to health disparities in OAB. Articles on OAB prevalence stratified by race and ethnicity, and variations in treatment patterns for patients of marginalized backgrounds were identified from the PubMed database. We also included a review of evidence from governmental and historical sources to provide sociocultural context.ResultsPatients from marginalized backgrounds are underrepresented in OAB literature. There appear to be differences in symptom severity and prevalence based on race. OAB severity seems closely entwined with social determinants of health. Patients from marginalized populations experience numerous care barriers impeding the treatment of OAB. Finally, White patients are more likely to receive advanced management for OAB.ConclusionsNumerous health disparities exist in the diagnosis and management of OAB. This review is grounded in societal context: health injustice in the United States ultimately stems from systemic racism. Improving our understanding of care disparities and the systems that allow them to persist will bring us closer to equity and allow our patients from marginalized backgrounds to obtain the evidence‐based care they deserve.
Pathologies of a horse skeleton from the early medieval stronghold in Gdańsk (Poland)
Authors: Makowiecki Daniel , Janeczek Maciej , Pasicka Edyta , Rozwadowska Aleksandra , Ciaputa Rafał , Kocińska Maria Karolina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe study presents an analysis of a horse skeleton discovered in the timber and earth frame of the rampart surrounding the ducal stronghold in Gdańsk. The body of the animal was deposited sometime from the beginning of the 11th to the mid‐12th century. The male horse was aged 8–9 years old and had an estimated withers height of 128 cm (12.6 hands). The dentition and lesions on the skull suggest that the horse was used for riding. Two types of skeletal injuries are visible—the first resulted from the use of the horse and is visible on the skull, teeth, vertebrae, and limb bones. Such bone lesions are described in modern literature on equine medicine; therefore, their aetiology and clinical manifestation are described. The second group of injuries are lesions located in topographically distant areas: the skull, thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and limb bones. Their common feature is a proliferative periosteal reaction. Their aetiology cannot be definitely stated on the basis of the available material. They may be considered an effect of mechanical load‐bearing resulting from the excessive use of the horse but also may reflect a generalized infection.
Development of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties for automotive industry application
Authors: Dehury Janaki , Mohanty Jyoti Ranjan , Nayak Subhakanta , Dehury Swarnaprabha 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this research, a newly explored natural fiber named sea purslane fiber (SP) was applied as a reinforcing material with widely used thermosetting polymer epoxy polymer. Chemical treatments on the fibers were done with NaOH followed by acrylic acid treatment. Reinforcing acrylic acid treated and untreated SP fibers at variable weight percentages of fiber loading, variety of composite samples (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt%) were developed. The mechanical characteristics of the composites were found to improve initially with increasing filler content until reaching the optimum (20 wt%) fiber loading, after which they began to fall. At 20 wt% filler loading various properties like physical & chemical (density, water absorption, X‐ray diffraction), mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact, micro‐hardness) and thermal (thermogravimetric analysis) properties were examined and compared with untreated fiber reinforced composites. It was noticed that the treated fiber composites reveal better result as compared with untreated fibers composites. The findings provide manufacturers and engineers with a broad concept of how to use this composite to reduce weight, particularly in automotive applications.
To love and work: A longitudinal study of everyday life factors in recovery from borderline personality disorder
Authors: Grenyer Brin F. S. , Townsend Michelle L. , Lewis Kate , Day Nicholas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough recovery from borderline personality disorder (BPD) is common, not all individuals improve over time. This study sought to examine the features that contribute to response or non‐response for individuals at different stages of recovery from BPD over a longitudinal follow‐up. Participants were individuals with a diagnosis of BPD that were followed up after 1 year of receiving psychological treatment. There were no significant differences between participants at intake across key indices; however, at 1‐year follow‐up, two groups were distinguishable as either ‘functioning well’ (n = 23) or ‘functioning poorly’ (n = 25) based on symptomatology and functional impairment. Participant qualitative responses were analysed thematically and via Leximancer content analysis. Thematic analysis indicated three key themes: (1) love of self and others, (2) making a contribution through work and study and (3) stability in daily life. Participants who were ‘functioning well’ described meaningful relationships with others, enjoyment in vocation, and described less frequent or manageable life crises. The ‘functioning poorly’ group described relationship conflicts, vocational challenges, feelings of aimlessness and purposelessness, instability in daily living and frequent crises. Leximancer content analysis visually depicted these divergent thematic nomological networks. Corroborating quantitative analyses indicated significant differences between these groups for social, occupational and symptom profiles. These findings highlight the centrality of achieving the capacity to ‘love and work’ in fostering a sense of personal recovery. Treatments may need specific focus on these factors, as they appeared to reinforce symptomatic trajectories of either improvement or poor non‐response to therapy.
Ethylcellulose‐Encapsulated Inorganic Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoparticles for Printing and Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Swami Sanjay Kumar , Singh Vidya Nand , Gupta Bipin Kumar , Sinha Om Prakash , Srivastava Ritu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInorganic lead halide perovskite nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted attention for next‐generation optoelectronics and anti‐counterfeiting applications. The fully inorganic NPs get degraded in polar solvents resulting in poor stability. These also tend to degrade under exposure to high temperatures resulting in obstacles to application in reliable anti‐counterfeiting and optoelectronics applications. The encapsulation of perovskite NPs with ethyl cellulose (EC) as a polymer matrix to overcome these obstacles is explored using a facile solution blending technique followed by ultra‐sonication and characterization. These NPs demonstrate enhanced photoluminescence (PL) intensity, improved color clarity, and considerable stability. Along with organic binders, they can be used in developing printable ink for making patterns. A logo coated with CsPbBr3 + EC and CsPbBr1.5 I1.5 + EC exposed in normal light and UV light (365 nm) shows a clear image that becomes blue‐green and yellow color. Additionally, the effect of light on the current density–voltage characteristics of the size‐dependent encapsulated NPs shows that photocurrent has dramatically improved over 5.14 times in CsPbBr3 + EC and 1.68 times in CsPbBr1.5 I1.5 + EC compared to that of pristine one. These results demonstrate its potential uses for several applications such as luminescent printing applications, sensors, and optoelectronic applications.
Association between baseline body mass index and survival in men with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer: ECOG‐ACRIN CHAARTED E3805
Authors: Morgans Alicia K. , Chen Yu‐Hui , Jarrard David F. , Carducci Michael , Liu Glenn , Eisenberger Mario , Plimack Elizabeth R. , Bryce Alan , Garcia Jorge A. , Dreicer Robert , Vogelzang Nicholas J. , Picus Joel , Shevrin Daniel , Hussain Maha , DiPaola Robert S. , Cella David , Sweeney Christopher J. ,   The ECOG‐ACRIN E3805 Investigators
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundE3805 (CHAARTED) is a phase 3 trial demonstrating improved survival for men with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) randomized to treatment with docetaxel (D) and androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) versus ADT alone. We assessed the association of baseline body mass index (BMI) and metformin exposure with quality of life (QOL) and prostate cancer outcomes including survival in patients enrolled in the CHAARTED study.MethodsWe performed a posthoc exploratory analysis of the CHAARTED trial of men with mHSPC randomized to treatment with ADT with or without D between 2006 and 2012. Cox proportional hazards models and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to evaluate the association between BMI with QOL and prostate cancer outcomes and between metformin exposure and survival.ResultsIn 788 of 790 enrolled patients with prospectively recorded baseline BMI and metformin exposure status, lower BMI was not associated with survival, but was associated with high volume disease (p < 0.0001) and poorer baseline QOL on functional assessment of cancer therapy–prostate (p = 0.008). Only 68 patients had prevalent metformin exposure at baseline in the CHAARTED trial. Four groups were identified: ADT + D + metformin (n = 39); ADT + D (n = 357); ADT + metformin (n = 29); and ADT alone (n = 363). Baseline clinicopathologic characteristics were similar between groups. In this small exploratory multivariable analysis, metformin exposure was not associated with survival (hazard ratio: 1.15; 95% confidence interval: 0.81–1.63, p = 0.44).ConclusionsThere was no link between baseline BMI and survival, but lower baseline BMI was associated with features of greater cancer burden and poorer QOL.
From urban to highly urban: Internal migration patterns of sexual minorities in Brazil
Authors: Fortes de Lena Fernanda 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper analyzes the migration patterns of gay men and lesbians in Brazil and seeks to show if they differ from those of heterosexuals. The common understanding is that gay men and lesbians are concentrated in more developed parts of the country especially in major cities. However, in this study, I show that gay men and lesbians migrate mostly to medium‐sized cities, as do heterosexuals following the internal migration patterns in recent decades in Brazil. Although, compared to heterosexuals, gay men and lesbians still migrate more to large cities. Therefore, when moving beyond the Global North, the migration patterns of gay men and lesbians differ with an emphasis of flows to medium‐sized cities as opposed to concentrating to larger cities like in the Global North. Lastly, the results show that gay men, lesbians and heterosexuals have different migration patterns suggesting that sexuality could be a defining factor in internal migration.
Does sustainable corporate governance have an impact on materiality disclosure quality in integrated reporting? International evidence
Authors: Velte Patrick 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study examines the influence of sustainable corporate governance on the materiality disclosure quality (MDQ) in integrated reporting in an international setting. Referring to stakeholder theory, we focus on gender diversity, sustainability committees, and sustainability‐related executive compensation. Based on European and South African firms (672 firm‐year observations) between 2014 and 2019, we found that board gender diversity and sustainability‐related executive compensation were significantly positively linked to MDQ. However, the implementation of sustainability committees does not affect the MDQ. Thus, only specific sustainable corporate governance variables in concrete contexts may be related to integrated reporting decisions. We also included Chief Executive Officer (CEO) power (pay slice, ownership, and tenure) as a moderator variable due to the strategic impact of CEOs, based on upper echelons theory, and found that the link between our included sustainable corporate governance variables and MDQ was weakened. Our results are robust to several variations and provide valuable insights for research, business practice and future regulations on integrated reporting. In view of massive regulatory reform initiatives on sustainable corporate governance and integrated reporting, sustainability expertise (also with regard to CEOs) should be better addressed in boards of directors during the next years to come.
Using Wool Keratin Derived Metallo‐Nanozymes as a Robust Antioxidant Catalyst to Scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Smoking
Authors: Xu Fei , Tang Yonghua , Wang Hao , Deng Hongbo , Huang Yanyan , Fan Chaoyu , Zhao Jiachen , Lin Changxu , Lin Youhui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSelf‐assembled nanostructures based on biomolecules (e.g., proteins and amino acids) and metal ions have promising applications in mimicking the nanostructure, properties, and functions of natural enzymes. Herein, a metal ion‐mediated self‐assembly method for constructing catalytically active Cu‐wool‐keratin (CuWK) two‐dimensional nanozymes is presented. Specifically, by introducing copper ions as abiological cofactors, WK can serve as a protein scaffold to design and create Cu catalytic sites. The optimized hybrids with Cu‐WK coordination framework exhibit significant superoxide dismutases‐like activity, catalase‐like activity, and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability. These combined antioxidant activities make CuWK a robust nanozyme to effectively remove various reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this work, the as‐prepared CuWK as a new additive can be integrated into a cigarette filter system to effectively remove the produced ROS from the burning of tobacco. More importantly, the CuWK nanozymes as a critical element can be further utilized to construct a recycling cigarette holder. Therefore, the present work shows that nanozymes with advanced catalytic capabilities can be constructed by self‐assembly of metal ions and proteins, thus facilitating the rational design and discovery of this kind of artificial metalloenzymes.
Bound polaron formation in lithium niobate from ab initio molecular dynamics
Authors: Krenz Marvin , Gerstmann Uwe , Schmidt Wolf Gero 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolarons influence decisively the performance of lithium niobate for optical applications. In this work, the formation of (defect) bound polarons in lithium niobate is studied by ab initio molecular dynamics. The calculations show a broad scatter of polaron formation times. Rising temperature increases the share of trajectories with long formation times, which leads to an overall increase of the average formation time with temperature. However, even at elevated temperatures, the average formation time does not exceed the value of 100 femtoseconds, i.e., a value close to the time measured for free, i.e., self-trapped polarons. Analyzing individual trajectories, it is found that the time required for the structural relaxation of the polarons depends sensitively on the excitation of the lithium niobate high-frequency phonon modes and their phase relation.
An exploratory study of factors associated with long-term, high-dose opioid prescription in cancer patients in Japan based on a medical claims database
Authors: Hashimoto Tatsuya , Mishima Hirokazu , Sakai Chika , Koretaka Yuichi , Saito Yoji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
As the cancer survivors increase, patients using long-term and high-dose opioids are also increasing. Therefore, the promotion of appropriate use is important. This study investigated the actual status of opioid prescriptions in Japan and identified factors associated with long-term, high-dose prescription.

Methods
We conducted a case-control study using a hospital-based administrative claims database. Patients with a diagnosis of cancer and prescriptions of opioids were included. Patients who received continuous opioid for less than 183 days were defined as the “control,” and patients who received continuous opioid at higher dose levels (≥ 120 mg/day of oral morphine equivalent) for 183 days or more were defined as the “case.” The case was subdivided into two groups: those with the duration of less than 730 days (case I) and 730 days or more (case II). After describing factors possibly associated with long-term, high-dose opioid prescription, ordinal logistic regression analysis was conducted.

Results
We included 19,176 patients; of these, 13,517 were in the control, 111 were in the case I, and 682 were in the case II. The analysis showed that distant metastasis, back pain, dose of opioids, non-opioid analgesics, prescription, and chemotherapy during the opioid prescriptions were significantly associated with long-term, high-dose opioid prescription.

Conclusion
Four percent of the study population were prescribed long-term, high-dose opioids, and several comorbidities and concomitant medications were identified as associated factors. Opioids might be also prescribed for non-cancer chronic pain. It is necessary to properly distinguish the type of pain and to use opioids safely and appropriately.
Hemoptoe, thin-walled lung cysts, and spontaneous pneumothorax are features of metastatic cutaneous angiosarcoma
Authors: Mykoliuk Iurii , Zacharias Martin , Sankin Oliver , Lindenmann Jörg , Smolle-Juettner Freyja-Maria 
Published: May 2022

SummaryWe present a case of bilateral cystic lung metastases originating from cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) of the scalp in a 73-year-old man. He presented with hemoptysis and recurrent bilateral pneumothorax. The clinical, radiological, and histological features and a potential pathophysiological mechanism of pulmonary changes in cutaneous angiosarcoma are discussed.