bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the resilience of food production systems for food and nutritional security under climate change in Nepal
Authors: Neupane Nilhari , Paudel Shishir , Sapkota Regan , Joshi Yadav Prasad , Rijal Yashoda , Chalise Anisha 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundClimate change in Nepal has posed a considerable challenge to agricultural productivity and has threatened food and nutritional security at multiple levels. This study aims to assess the impacts of climate change on national food production and food and nutritional security as well as document issue-based prioritized adaptation options for a resilient food production system.MethodsThis study considers temperature, precipitation, and their anomalies as the key factors affecting food production in Nepal. Nationwide precipitation trends along with their association with the annual production of major cereal crops in Nepal were assessed using data from the last three decades (1990–2018). The annual productions of the major cereal crops were summed and normalized to calculate production index scores in the districts. Scores were plotted and visualized into maps using the R programming. In three ecological regions, the distribution of flood and extreme rainfall events and cases of malnutrition from 2005 to 2018 were plotted. The effects of climate change and highest priority adaptation options at the district level were documented through a review of national policies and literature studies and qualitative research based on Focus Group Discussions (FGDs).ResultsBetween 1990 and 2018, the overall average production of major cereal crops in Nepal was increased by around 2,245 MT annually. In the district level index analysis, the highest production score was found for Jhapa and Morang while the lowest production score was found for Humla. Cases of malnutrition in some districts coincided with flood and heavy rainfall events, indicating that climate change and extreme climatic events have a role to play in food production and security. Growing drought-tolerant crops, changes in crop cycle, riverbed farming practices, and development of short-term strategies, such as contingency crop planning, changing plantation dates, plantation of short-duration varieties, and evacuation schemes. Similarly, long-term strategies, such as encouraging out-migration of population to safer locations, resettlement programs with transformative livelihood options, and sustainable agricultural practices were found to be key prioritized adaptation measures for a resilient food system.ConclusionIn Nepal, climate change and the increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme climatic events adversely affect the food production system, which has become a serious threat to food and nutritional security. The implementation of evidence-based practices to build a resilient food system specific to climate-vulnerable hotspots at the district and local levels is the nation's current need.
A predictive nomogram for intradiscal cement leakage in percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures combined with intravertebral cleft
Authors: Fan Ning , Wang Tianyi , Wang Aobo , Yuan Shuo , Du Peng , Si Fangda , Zhu Wenyi , Li Jian , Zang Lei 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundFor patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), the occurrence and risk factors of intradiscal cement leakage should be characteristic of the presence of intravertebral cleft (IVC). This study aimed to identify risk factors for intradiscal leakage in individuals with OVCFs combined with IVC treated with PKP and build a powered and well-calibrated predictive nomogram.MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent PKP at our center between January 2016 and May 2021. Patients diagnosed with OVCFs combined with IVC were identified, and the incidence of different types of bone cement leakage was recorded. Risk factors for intradiscal leakage among the demographic, perioperative baseline, and radiologic data were identified, following which a nomogram was developed and verified.ResultsA total of 109 eligible patients were included, and the intradiscal leakage rate was 32.1%. Compression rate (odds ratio [OR] 0.025; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.002–0.264; P = 0.002) and cemented vertebral body fraction (OR 44.122; 95% CI 2.790–697.740; P = 0.007) were identified as independent risk factors. A predictive nomogram with good predictive power (C-statistic = 0.786) and fitness of data (Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, P = 0.092) was established to build a quantitative relationship between the risk factors and intradiscal leakage.ConclusionThe incidence rate of intradiscal leakage in PKP for OVCFs combined with IVC was 32.1%. Compression rate and cemented vertebral body fraction were identified as independent risk factors. A powered and well-calibrated nomogram was established to accurately predict the probability of intradiscal leakage. Further prospective and multicenter studies are required to verify and calibrate our findings.
The outcome of enhanced recovery after surgery vs. a traditional pathway in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery: A retrospective comparative study
Authors: Ding Hongtao , Hai Yong , Guan Li , Liu Yuzeng , Pan Aixing , Han Bo 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesThe optimized enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients has not been comprehensively described. The purpose of the study was to explore the feasibility and efficacy of an integral process of ERAS protocol in posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery for AIS patients without three-column osteotomy.MethodsBased on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 90 AIS patients who underwent PSF were enrolled in the study. Forty-five patients followed a traditional pathway (TP) perioperative care and 45 were treated with an ERAS protocol designed and implemented by a multidisciplinary team. Patient demographic, clinical information, surgical data, and radiographic parameters were collected and analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThere is no significant difference in age, gender, body mass index, preoperative hemoglobin level, Cobb angle, curve type, average correction rate, fusion segments, and screw number between ERAS group and TP group. Regarding the estimated blood loss (EBL), surgical duration, pain intensity, drainage duration, drainage volume, first ambulation time, postoperative length of stay (LOS), and the incidence of blood transfusion, they were significantly less in ERAS group than those of TP group.ConclusionsBased on our findings, we found that the implementation of a standard ERAS protocol in AIS correction surgery could result in less EBL, lower pain intensity, early ambulation, shorter LOS, and rapid rehabilitation. We recommend the widespread adoption of ERAS protocols in AIS surgery.
Identification of an Oxidative Stress-Related LncRNA Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Chemotherapy in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhong Zixuan , Xu Minxuan , Tan Jun 
Published: October 2022

Background: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in oncogenesis and tumor progression. However, the prognostic role of oxidative stress-related lncRNA in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) has not been fully explored.Methods: We used the gene expression data and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to identify oxidative stress-related differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) by pearson correlation analysis. A four-oxidative stress-related DElncRNA signature was constructed by LASSO regression and Cox regression analyses. The predictive signature was further validated by Kaplan–Meier (K–M) survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, nomogram and calibration plots, and principal component analysis (PCA). Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to explore the relationship between the signature and immune status. Finally, the correlation between the signature and chemotherapeutic response of HCC patients was analyzed.Results: In our study, the four-DElncRNA signature was not only proved to be a robust independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) prediction, but also played a crucial role in the regulation of progression and chemotherapeutic response of HCC. ssGSEA showed that the signature was correlated with the infiltration level of immune cells. HCC patients in high-risk group were more sensitive to the conventional chemotherapeutic drugs including Sorafenib, lapatinib, Nilotinib, Gefitinib, Erlotinib and Dasatinib, which pave the way for targeting DElncRNA-associated treatments for HCC patients.Conclusion: Our study has originated a prognostic signature for HCC based on oxidative stress-related DElncRNAs, deepened the understanding of the biological role of four key DElncRNAs in HCC and laid a theoretical foundation for the choice of chemotherapy.
Taruskin and Us
Authors: Манулкина Ольга 
Published: October 2022

Автор рассказывает о многолетнем опыте общения с Ричардом Тарускиным (1945-2022) и его книгами. В публикации выдвинут тезис о том, что российская наука не освоила труды Тарускина отчасти из-за травматичного опыта 1940-х, когда идеологическое давление заставило музыковедов отказаться от гуманитарных исследований в пользу теоретического анализа музыки.
The author discusses the long-lasting communication experience with Richard Taruskin and his books. The publication puts forward the thesis that Russian science did not master the works of Taruskin because of the traumatic experience of the 1940s when ideological pressure forced musicologists to abandon humanitarian research in favour of theoretical analysis of music.
Richard Taruskin: Instead of Obituary
Authors: Фролова-Уокер Марина 
Published: October 2022

Марина Фролова-Уокер вспоминает своего коллегу Ричарда Тарускина - крупнейшего зарубежного специалиста по русской музыке. Ее эссе затрагивает не только аспекты личности и творческой деятельности выдающегося ученого, но и некоторые проблемы истории отечественной музыки.
Marina Frolova-Walker is remembering her colleague Richard Taruskin - the major English-speaking researcher of Russian music. Her essay discusses biographical and creative aspects of Taruskin's work and also some problems of the history of Russian music.
Between Expressionism and Dadaism. Erwin Schulhoff in Dialogue with the Second Viennese School
Authors: Векслер Юлия 
Published: October 2022

Судьба чешского композитора и пианиста Эрвина Шульхофа (1894-1942) показательна для второго поколения представителей новой музыки - тех, кто начал свой творческий путь после окончания Первой мировой войны, в период Веймарской республики. На протяжении многих лет Шульхоф вынашивал свою идею музыкальной революции, начало которой положили концерты «музыки будущего» в Дрездене. Затем последовали контакты с берлинскими дадаистами и венскими экспрессионистами, увлечение джазом; потом возникли и симпатии коммунистическим идеям. Особое значение для Шульхофа, который искал единомышленников среди радикально настроенных современников, имела переписка с композиторами нововенской школы, в первую очередь с Альбаном Бергом, дружбой с которым он очень гордился. Фрагменты этих писем впервые публикуются на русском языке. Эпистолярии затрагивают самые разные, порой весьма болезненные темы (интерпретация новой музыки и ее композиционные закономерности, взаимодействие академического и развлекательного искусства, национальные проблемы бывших империй - Германии и Австрии) и раскрывают непростые, даже драматичные, взаимоотношения Шульхофа с нововенцами, взаимопонимания и единения с которыми он так и не достиг. Позиция композитора показана в тесной связи с современными художественными явлениями, а также в контексте внутренней переписки представителей нововенской школы и их эстетических воззрений.
The Pate of the Czech composer and pianist Erwin Schulhoff (1894-1942) is indicative of the second generation of new music-those who began their creative path after the end of the First World War during the Weimar Republic. For many years, Schulhoff nurtured his idea of a musical revolution. It started with the concerts of “music of the future” in Dresden. Then followed contacts with Berlin dadaists and Viennese expressionists, a passion for jazz, and later there were sympathies for communist ideas. Of particular importance to Schulhoff was correspondence with composers of the Second Viennese School, first of all with Alban Berg, whose friendship he was very proud of. Fragments of these letters are published in Russian for the first time. The epistolary sometimes touches on a variety of very painfuL topics (interpretation of new music and its compositional patterns, interaction of academic and entertainment art, nationaf problems of the former empires-Germany and Austria) and reveaLs the difficult, even dramatic relationship between Schulhoff and the Second Viennese School, mutual understanding and unity with which he never achieved. The composer's position is shown in close connection with contemporary artistic phenomena, as well as in the context of the internal correspondence of the members of the Second Viennese School and their aesthetic views.
Musical instruments; Their Theoretical Models and Supposed Classification
Authors: Фуксман Михаил 
Published: October 2022

Классификация музыкальных инструментов - важная проблема современной органологии. Общепринятая ныне классификация Хорнбостеля - Закса охватывает обширный эмпирический материал в разветвленной системе таксонов. Однако она неравномерно описывает современный музыкальный инструментарий, уделяя недостаточно внимания электрофонам. Логика систематизации таксонов не всегда последовательно построена на единых основаниях. В настоящей статье предполагаемая классификация музыкальных инструментов связывается с их разнообразными функциями в социально-культурной практике человечества, на базе описания которых дается определение музыкального инструмента. Для каждой из функций может быть построена теоретическая модель инструмента. В ней, например, при описании акустической функции инструмента, фиксируются структурные особенности его конструктивных узлов. Учитываются специфические роли, которые эти узлы играют в практическом осуществлении им данной функции. Приводятся фрагменты классификации инструментов в связи с акустической функцией последних. В целом намечается отчасти новый подход к классификации музыкальных инструментов на основании их теоретических моделей.
The classification of musical instruments is an important problem in modern organology. The now generally accepted Hornbostel-Sachs classification covers extensive empirical material in a branched system of taxa. This classification, however, unevenly describes modern musical instruments, paying insufficient attention to electrophones. The logic of the systematization of taxa is not always consistently built on common grounds. In this article, the supposed classification of musical instruments is connected with their various functions in the socio-cultural practice of mankind, based on those descriptions the musical instrument's definition is given. For each of the functions, a theoreticaL model of the instrument can be built. In it, for instance, in the description of the acoustic function of the instrument structural features of its constructive units are declared. The specific rofes that these units of the instrument play in its practical implementation of this function are taken into account. Fragments of the classification of instruments are given in connection with the acoustic function of the latter. In general terms, a somewhat new approach to the classification of musical instruments based on their theoretical models is outlined.
Nastasia Khrustcheva; “The Dark Triumph is Still a Triumph for Me”
Authors: Тимофеев Ярослав 
Published: October 2022

В ноябре 2021 года в Пермском театре Балета и оперы состоялась премьера спектакля «Путеводитель по балету» с музыкой Настасьи Хрущёвой на либретто Богдана Королька. В беседе с композитором Ярослав Тимофеев выяснил, как создавался «Путеводитель» и почему он так называется, какое место в музыке балета занимают Чайковский и его «Спящая красавица», на какие модели опирались авторы при создании постановки и какие роли в их замысле сыграли красота, Леонид Аронзон и метамодерн.
In November 2021, the Perm Ballet and Opera Theater presented the premiere of “The Guide to Ballet” with music by Nastasia Khrustcheva after a libretto by Bogdan Korolyok. In a conversation with the composer Yaroslav Timofeev found out how “The Guide to Ballet” was created and why it's called so, what place in the music of the ballet is occupied by Tchaikovsky and the “Sleeping Beauty,” which models the authors used during the creation of the ballet, and which roles the beauty, Leonid Aronzon and metamodern played in the idea of the show.
“I am Always Searching for Novelty- and I Always Find it...” About the Book of Unknown Letters by Maria Yudina
Authors: Чинаев Владимир 
Published: October 2022

Рецензия на книгу «“Я всегда ищу и нахожу Новое...” Неизвестная переписка Марии Юдиной» основана на обзоре ранее не издававшихся в России писем великой пианистки и ее адресатов, среди которых главной фигурой является русский эмигрант Пётр Сувчинский. Именно в их переписке 1960-х годов наиболее полно раскрываются идеи Юдиной о музыке западноевропейского авангарда; ее концептуальные мысли, касающиеся новой музыки, и комментарии Сувчинского не теряют своей значимости и в наши дни. Не менее ценны и письма Марии Вениаминовны Юрию Лотману, Карлхайнцу Штокхаузену, Пьеру Булезу. В опоре на статьи Жан-Пьера Колло, Элизабет Уилсон, Константина Зенкина, Алексея Любимова, Марины Дроздовой дается краткий анализ исполнительского искусства Марии Юдиной в связи с современными тенденциями пианистической культуры. Подчеркивается, что новое издание прежде не известных в России писем своевременно и актуально.
The review of the book “‘I am Always Searching for Novelty―and I Always Find it...’ Maria Yudina’s Unknown Correspondence” is based on previously unpublished letters written by the great pianist and her correspondents, one of their major figures being the Russian émigré Pyotr Suvchinsky. Their correspondence during the 1960s fully reveals Yudina’s ideas about Western European avant-garde music; her approach to the new music and Suvchinsky’s comments have kept their significance even today. Yudina’s letters to Yuri Lotman, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Pierre Boulez are just as valuable. Drawing on articles by Jean-Pierre Collot, Elizabeth Wilson, Konstantin Zenkin, Alexei Lubimov and Marina Drozdova this brief analytical account looks into Maria Yudina’s art as it relates to contemporary trends in piano interpretation. The edition of these letters, which were previously unknown in Russia, is clearly both timely and relevant.
Perancangan dan realisasi sistem pengiriman data metering air otomatis berbasis website
Authors: Tahttadu Achmadi Jiran , Vitrasia Vitrasia , Ismalian Adinda 
Published: October 2022

Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) merupakan suatu badan usaha yang mengelola dan melayani kebutuhan air minum masyarakat. Cara pengecekan air yang dilakukan oleh PDAM di perumahan masih kurang efektif karena dilakukan secara manual dengan melibatkan petugas yang dikirim ke rumah para pelanggan untuk mengecek meteran air analog dan mengkonversi nilainya menjadi rupiah untuk mendapatkan biaya penggunaan air. Selain itu, dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19, prosedur pengecekkan air oleh petugas lapangan jadi semakin sulit. Oleh karena itu, dibuatlah sebuah inovasi yaitu sistem pengiriman data metering air otomatis ke website. Sistem ini mengukur debit air yang mengalir dengan waterflow sensor. Data yang terbaca akan dikirimkan ke admin melalui sistem telemetri, lalu dikonversikan ke bentuk rupiah dan dikirim ke database menggunakan modul WiFi Wemos D1. Selanjutnya data diolah pada database localhost lalu dikirim ke website. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, rata-rata nilai error terbesar pada tiga variabel pengujian adalah di pengukuran 1 liter yaitu sebesar 5,5%. Hal ini disebabkan karena perbedaan pada tekanan air menyebabkan laju air yang kurang stabil. Sistem ini dapat melakukan transmisi data sampai dengan 82,52 m pada kondisi terdapat halangan. Sistem ini berhasil mengirim semua data volume air dan biaya ke database dan dalam mengirimkan data ke website sistem mendapatkan hasil presentase keberhasilan sebesar 71%. Hal ini dikarenakan tertutupnya server pada saat pengujian dan dapat diatasi dengan melakukan reset pada server.
Educación, gobernabilidad democrática y gobernabilidad de los sistemas educativos
Authors: De Puelles Benítez Manuel , Urzúa Fradermann Raúl 
Published: October 2022

En su forma más general, se puede decir que una democracia es gobernable cuando los gobernantes toman y ejecutan decisiones que son aceptadas por la ciudadanía sin que, aunque ellas los perjudiquen, éstos pretendan cambiar el régimen político. La democracia está consolidada y es gobernable cuando actores políticos que pierden en el ejercicio del juego democrático aceptan ese resultado y siguen participando y apoyándolo.
Por consiguiente, gobernabilidad implica estabilidad de las instituciones democráticas a pesar de la incertidumbre en cuanto a los resultados del juego político, es decir, de las negociaciones y los acuerdos entre los actores políticos. Para ponerlo en palabras de un cientista político, el compromiso a aceptar las reglas democráticas es «la voluntad de aceptar resultados con contenidos aún no definidos»
Presentación. Pedagogías high tech
Authors: Viseras Nogueira Andrés 
Published: October 2022

La RIE ha dedicado cuatro números al tema de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en la educación; a pesar de ello, la persistente actualidad del tema nos ha llevado a considerar que hay, al menos, un espacio que todavía no se ha tocado frontalmente en ninguno de ellos. Dicho espacio es el que rotulamos genéricamente como «pedagogías high tech».
Bajo la denominación de «pedagogías high tech» incluimos un amplio conjunto de prácticas y de propuestas de enseñanza –presencial y a distancia, reglada y no reglada– desarrolladas conforme a los planteamientos de las tecnologías avanzadas. Estas pedagogías no sólo incorporan tecnología de última generación, sino también, y esto es lo más importante, conceptos y estrategias del modelo tecnológico.