bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat and mass transfer of water‐based copper and alumina hybrid nanofluid over a stretching sheet
Authors: Mishra Swetapadma , Swain Kharabela , Dalai Renuprava 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHybrid nanofluids (HNFs) are vital in engineering and industrial applications due to significant effective thermal conductivity as compared with regular fluid and nanofluid (NF). The HNF is a process of the conglomeration of two or more nanoparticles of different thermophysical properties to affect the thermal transport characteristics of base fluid, particularly in gearing up heat switch charge. Further, the impact of HNF combined with stretching and squeezing of bounding surface has direct application in thinning/thickening of polymeric sheets in the chemical industry. The current study analyzes the flow of HNF over a stretching sheet under the influence of chemical reaction as well as suction/injection. We have considered water as the base fluid and copper , and aluminum oxide as nanoparticles. The consequences of the magnetic field, viscous dissipation, and Joule heating are also to be investigated. The resulting partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. The numerical solutions to governing equations are obtained with the help of MATLAB software using the bvp4c solver. The important finding is: the rate of heat transfer of HNF is higher than that of NF as well as base fluid. Moreover, contributions of higher Eckert number and radiation parameter are to increase the temperature in the flow domain, whereas the Prandtl number reduces it. It is further noticed that heavier species as well as viscous dissipation decline the level of concentration across the flow field.
Measuring dimensionality of cell‐scaffold contacts of primary human bone marrow stromal cells cultured on electrospun fiber scaffolds
Authors: Florczyk Stephanie J. , Hotaling Nathan A. , Simon Mylene , Chalfoun Joe , Horenberg Allison L. , Schaub Nicholas J. , Wang Dongbo , Szczypiński Piotr M. , DeFelice Veronica L. , Bajcsy Peter , Simon Carl G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe properties and structure of the cellular microenvironment can influence cell behavior. Sites of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) initiate intracellular signaling that directs cell functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Electrospun fibers mimic the fibrous nature of native ECM proteins and cell culture in fibers affects cell shape and dimensionality, which can drive specific functions, such as the osteogenic differentiation of primary human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs), by. In order to probe how scaffolds affect cell shape and behavior, cell‐fiber contacts were imaged to assess their shape and dimensionality through a novel approach. Fluorescent polymeric fiber scaffolds were made so that they could be imaged by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescent polymer films were made as a planar control. hBSMCs were cultured on the fluorescent substrates and the cells and substrates were imaged. Two different image analysis approaches, one having geometrical assumptions and the other having statistical assumptions, were used to analyze the 3D structure of cell‐scaffold contacts. The cells cultured in scaffolds contacted the fibers in multiple planes over the surface of the cell, while the cells cultured on films had contacts confined to the bottom surface of the cell. Shape metric analysis indicated that cell‐fiber contacts had greater dimensionality and greater 3D character than the cell‐film contacts. These results suggest that cell adhesion site‐initiated signaling could emanate from multiple planes over the cell surface during culture in fibers, as opposed to emanating only from the cell's basal surface during culture on planar surfaces.
The mechanism of the Nfe2l2/Hmox1 signaling pathway in ferroptosis regulation in acute compartment syndrome
Authors: Zheng Tiejun , Huang Zhao , Ling He , Li Junfeng , Cheng Hong , Chen Dingquan , Lu Qinzhen , Zhao Jinmin , Su Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a life‐threatening orthopedic emergency, which can even result in amputation. Ferroptosis is an iron‐dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. This study investigated the mechanism of ferroptosis in ACS, explored candidate markers, and determined effective treatments. This study identified pathways involved in the development of ACS through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and GSEA of heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1). Bioinformatics methods, combined with real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and iron staining, were applied to determine whether ferroptosis was involved in the progression of ACS and to explore the mechanism of nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (Nfe2l2)/Hmox1 in ferroptosis regulation. Optimal drugs for the treatment of ACS were also investigated using Connectivity Map. The ferroptosis pathway was enriched in GSEA, KEGG of DEGs, and GSEA of Hmox1. After ACS, the reactive oxygen species content, tissue iron content, and oxidative stress level increased, whereas glutathione peroxidase 4 protein expression decreased. The skeletal muscle was swollen and necrotized; the number of mitochondrial cristae became fewer or even disappeared, and Nfe2l2/Hmox1 expression increased at the transcriptional and protein levels. Hmox1 was highly expressed in ACS, indicating that Hmox1 is a possible marker for ACS. we could predict 12 potential target drugs for the treatment of ACS. In conclusion, Hmox1 was a potential candidate marker for ACS diagnosis. Ferroptosis was involved in the progression of ACS. It was speculated that ferroptosis is inhibited by the Nfe2l2/Hmox1 signaling pathway.
The role of Acpbs2 in the asexual sporulation, stress response and carbon metabolism of Aspergillus cristatus
Authors: Shao Lei , Tan Yumei , Song Shiying , Wang Yuchen , Liu Yongxiang , Huang Yonghui , Ren Xiyi , Liu Zuoyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAspergillus cristatus is the dominant fungus during the fermentation of Fuzhuan brick tea, hypotonic conditions only induced its sexual development to produce ascospores, while hypertonic conditions only induced its asexual development to produce conidia, indicating that osmotic stress can regulate spore production in A. cristatus. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear. In this study, the roles of Acpbs2, which is homologous to pbs2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in sporulation, stress responses, the color of colonies, and carbon metabolism were explored in A. cristatus. Deletion mutants of Acpbs2 were obtained by homologous recombination. The time required to produce conidia was delayed, and the number of conidia produced was significantly reduced in hypertonic media in ΔAcpbs2 by phenotypic observations, indicating that Acpbs2 plays a positive role in asexual development. Stress sensitivity tests showed that the order of the sensitivity of ΔAcpbs2 to different osmotic regulators was 3 M NaCl > 3 M sucrose > 3 M sorbitol. Moreover, the deletion mutants were sensitive to high oxidative stress. The growth of the Acpbs2 deletion mutant was inhibited under alkaline‐pH stress, indicating that Acpbs2 is involved in high pH stress tolerance. Additionally, compared with the wild type, the colony color of the Acpbs2 deletion mutant became lighter. All the above developmental defects were reversed by the reintroduction of the Acpbs2 gene in ΔAcpbs2. Transcriptome data showed that Acpbs2 regulated the expression of several genes related to conidial development, osmotic stress, oxidative stress, and carbon metabolism. More importantly, the interaction between Acpbs2 and its downstream gene Achog1 was verified by yeast two‐hybrid assays. We speculated that this interaction might regulate the osmotic stress response, the oxidative stress response, and asexual sporulation in A. cristatus, which will be one of the focuses of our future research.
Profiling of bile acids and activated receptor S1PR2 in gingival tissues of periodontitis patients
Authors: Yang Ruhan , Yu Weijun , Lin Lu , Jin Min , Hu Shucheng , Jiang Bin , Mao Chuanyuan , Li Guanglong , Tang Jiaqi , Gu Yuting , Chen Hui , Lu Eryi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundBile acids, as a group of cholesterol metabolites, play important roles in inflammation and bone metabolism. However, the possible link between bile acids and periodontitis is still unclear. This study aimed to clarify the alterations of the bile acid profile and corresponding receptor expression levels in periodontitis patients, and evaluate their association with periodontitis severity.MethodsThe concentrations of 15 bile acids in gingival tissues from 16 periodontitis patients and 16 healthy individuals were tested by metabolomics. Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) expression was determined by real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry, which was also validated in two datasets, GSE16134 and GSE10334. The correlation between bile acids, S1PR2, and clinical parameters was analyzed by Spearman's correlation analysis, and receiver‐operator characteristic (ROC) curves were examined to access the ability of bile acids and S1PR2 for defining local periodontitis status.ResultsIn the periodontitis group, concentrations of total bile acids were elevated by increases of all bile acid forms, and five conjugated bile acids were significantly increased. Meanwhile, the expression of their receptor, S1PR2, was also upregulated in the periodontitis group. Positive correlations were further observed between glycocholic acid (GCA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), taurocholic acid (TCA), S1PR2, and periodontal clinical parameters. ROC analysis also showed combinations of two bile acids (GCA and TCDCA) with S1PR2 as novel signatures for indicating local periodontitis status.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated the alterations of the bile acid profile and receptor S1PR2 expression in periodontitis patients, and provided evidence of association between bile acids and periodontitis status.
Neoadjuvant therapy use and association with postoperative outcomes and overall survival in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Silver Casey M. , Joung Rachel H. , Logan Charles D. , Benson Al B. , Mahalingam Devalingam , D'Angelica Michael I. , Bentrem David J. , Yang Anthony D. , Bilimoria Karl Y. , Merkow Ryan P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesEvidence for neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) is limited. Our objectives were to: (1) characterize treatment trends, (2) identify factors associated with receipt of NAT, and (3) evaluate associations between NAT and postoperative outcomes.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of the National Cancer Database (2004–2017). Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations between NAT and postoperative outcomes. Stratified analysis evaluated differences between surgery first, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT).ResultsAmong 8040 patients, 417 (5.2%) received NAT. NAT increased during the study period 2.9%–8.4% (p < 0.001). Factors associated with receipt of NAT included age <50 (vs. >75, odds ratio [OR] 4.32, p < 0.001) and stage 3 disease (vs. 1, OR 1.68, p = 0.01). Compared with surgery first, patients who received NAT had higher odds of R0 resection (OR 1.49, p = 0.01) and lower 30‐day mortality (OR 0.51, p = 0.04). On stratified analysis, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with differences in any outcomes. However, neoadjuvant CRT was associated with improvement in R0 resection (OR 3.52, <0.001) and median survival (47.8 vs. 25.3 months, log‐rank < 0.001) compared to surgery first.ConclusionsNAT, particularly neoadjuvant CRT, was associated with improved postoperative outcomes. These data suggest expanding the use of neoadjuvant CRT for eCCA.
Sinonasal lymphoma: A primer for otolaryngologists
Authors: Bitner Benjamin F. , Htun Nyein Nyein , Wang Beverly Y. , Brem Elizabeth A. , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveSinonasal lymphomas are a rare entity that commonly present with nonspecific sinonasal symptoms and are often recognized immediately. Through this review, we aim to summarize important principles in diagnosis and treatment of sinonasal lymphomas, with the goal of disseminating the current knowledge of this under‐recognized malignancy to otolaryngologists.MethodsSystemic review using PRISMA guidelines of foundational scholarly articles, guidelines, and trials were reviewed focusing on clinical characteristics of key sinonasal lymphoma subtypes, along with available treatments in the otolaryngology, medical oncology, and radiation oncology literature.ResultsSinonasal lymphoma are derived from clonal proliferation of lymphocytes at various stages of differentiation, of which diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma (ENKTL) are the most common. Diagnosis and staging require biopsy with immunohistochemistry in conjunction with imaging and laboratory studies. Treatment is ever evolving and currently includes multi‐agent chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.ConclusionOtolaryngologists may be the first to recognize sinonasal lymphoma, which requires a comprehensive workup and a multidisciplinary team for treatment. Symptoms are nonspecific and similar to many sinonasal pathologies, and it is crucial for otolaryngologists to keep a broad differential.Level of Evidence5
Chiral Metasurfaces with Maximum Circular Dichroism Enabled by Out‐of‐Plane Plasmonic System
Authors: Shen Zhonglei , Fan Shuting , Yin Wei , Li Shengnan , Xu Yafei , Zhang Liuyang , Chen Xuefeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChiral metasurfaces with pronounced reflective chiroptical responses have drawn extensive attention as they can offer great opportunities for various chirality‐related applications. However, their fascinating potential are restrained by limited chiroptical responses, relatively complex design principle, and fabrication strategy. Herein, a concise and general design principle to develop out‐of‐plane reflective chiral metasurfaces, empowered with the maximum theoretical circular dichroism (CD), is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The designed out‐of‐plane chiral metasurfaces operating in the terahertz (THz) region are flexibly fabricated via a simple, scalable, low‐cost and lithography‐free fabrication strategy by integrating a three‐dimensional (3D) printing technique. Finally, the methodological stabilities and the strong chiroptical responses of proposed chiral metasurfaces are validated experimentally. From the general design principle, simple fabrication strategy as well as maximum chiroptical responses of proposed reflective chiral metasurfaces, it can be envisaged that these findings may overcome the difficulties in design, optimization, and fabrication for reflective chiral metasurfaces and provide promising potentials for various chirality‐related applications in emerging THz technologies, such as chiral sensing, imaging, spectroscopy and polarimetry.
Study of a fuse‐polymerised inorganic glassy compound as a hot rolling lubricant
Authors: Xu Zhihua , Cui Shaogang , Niu Yahui , Li Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study had investigated the main degradation mechanism of a roll in hot rolling process, to reduce the wear and oxidation, a type of low‐melting glass fabricated by the fuse‐polymerisation method was tested as a hot metal forming lubricant by a ball‐on‐disc tribometer at high temperature. The results revealed that the roll degrades mainly due to the cracks initiated at the interface of carbides/matrix on the roll surface, then propagate along the interface, and being sheared off when the cracks confluence in the subsurface. The high‐speed steel (HSS) starts to be oxidised at 500°C, and grows heavily with increasing temperature. The recommended lubricant presented a desired lubrication behaviour for hot rolling process that generating a higher friction coefficient at low temperature and a lower one at high temperature. The friction coefficient, wear rate, and oxidation of HSS roll was reduced materially, which meets the requirements of hot rolling lubricant well.
Electrospinning and Photocrosslinking of Highly Modified Fungal Chitosan
Authors: Christ Henrik‐Alexander , Menzel Henning 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe main focus of this study is to elucidate and optimize the electrospinning process for highly modified fungal chitosan. An efficient one‐step process for functionalization of chitosan with arylazide and other desired functional groups via amidation is used for synthesis. Critical electrospinning process parameters, namely, molecular weight, concentration, and ratio of chitosan and additive poly(ethylene oxide) as well as degree of substitution of chitosan are identified by systematic parameter variation following design‐of‐experiment guidelines. Their influence on the viscoelastic properties of spinning solutions is studied and attributed to changes in chain entanglements. These changes result in drastic shifts in the electrohydrodynamic jet behavior and the resulting fiber morphologies. When the viscosity is increased above a critical limit, complete cancellation of whipping instabilities is observed, resulting in a stable linear jet and highly aligned but partly coalescing microfibers. It is shown how this process conditions can be avoided and how the production of uniform and defect‐free nanofibers from highly functional chitosan can be carried out. In addition, a new photocrosslinking method for generation of water and acid stable chitosan nanofiber meshes is established.
Redispersible Polymer Powders with High Bio‐Based Content from Core–Shell Nanoparticles
Authors: Zanoni Arianna , Casiraghi Cora , Po Riccardo , Biagini Paolo , Sponchioni Mattia , Moscatelli Davide 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRedispersible polymer powders (RDPPs), i.e., additives obtained from core–shell nanoparticles and commercialized in the form of a dry powder, find intensive application in the concrete industry. However, they are mainly produced from fossil resources. Therefore, the development of bio‐based RDPPs is important to reduce the carbon footprint of these additives. In this work, two types of core–shell nanoparticles with a high percentage of bio‐based content are synthesized and show to be good candidates as RDPPs. In the first case, up to 75% of bio‐based content is obtained by combining lauryl acrylate, derived from coconut and palm kernel oil, as main core material, with isobornyl methacrylate, coming from pine resin, exploited to create the outer harder shell. In the second case, a degradable macromonomer obtained by the ring opening polymerization of lactide using 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate as initiator is used as the core‐forming monomer to obtain degradable RDPPs. In both cases, the particles are synthesized with a two‐step emulsion polymerization process conducted in one pot and then spray‐dried to obtain the RDPPs of interest. The morphology and redispersibility of the powders are characterized. Finally, their use as concrete additives is preliminarily assessed by evaluating their effect on changes in the surface morphologies of concrete specimens.
Fully Bio‐Based Epoxy Thermoset Based on Epoxidized Linseed Oil and Tannic Acid
Authors: Reinhardt Nikita , Breitsameter Jonas M. , Drechsler Klaus , Rieger Bernhard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIncreasing demand for bio‐based epoxy thermoset alternatives has risen in the last few years. Epoxidized vegetable oils (EVO) have attracted significant attention due to their bio‐based, unharmful nature and high availability. This study proposes a fully bio‐based epoxy thermoset based on epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and tannic acid (TA). TA allows, with its high degree of functionality and aromatic structure as a curing agent for ELO, to create a fully bio‐based polymer network with a high glass transition temperature (Tg), high stiffness, and high strength. A maximum Tg of 146 °C, a flexural modulus of 2986 MPa, and flexural strength of 72 MPa are obtained. The strong material properties of the TA/ELO thermoset expose its potential as a bio‐based substitute for petrochemical‐based epoxy resins for high‐performance applications.
Resolvents and complex powers of semiclassical cone operators
Authors: Hintz Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe give a uniform description of resolvents and complex powers of elliptic semiclassical cone differential operators as the semiclassical parameter h tends to 0. An example of such an operator is the shifted semiclassical Laplacian on a manifold of dimension with conic singularities. Our approach is constructive and based on techniques from geometric microlocal analysis: we construct the Schwartz kernels of resolvents and complex powers as conormal distributions on a suitable resolution of the space of h‐dependent integral kernels; the construction of complex powers relies on a calculus with a second semiclassical parameter. As an application, we characterize the domains of for and use this to prove the propagation of semiclassical regularity through a cone point on a range of weighted semiclassical function spaces.
G2 and S phase‐expressed‐1 induces chromosomal instability in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells and inhibits cell apoptosis through ROS/JNK signaling
Authors: Zhang Man , Wang Xianzeng , Liu Cong , Zheng Zhaoyang , Wan Junhu , Yang Ying , Chen Shuangshuang , Liu Hongchun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNew diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which has high morbidity and mortality. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that cell cycle regulation related molecular G2 and S phase‐expressed‐1 (GTSE1) was dysregulated in ESCC. In this study, the ectopic expression of GTSE1 was verified in ESCC patients' tissues and cell lines. After overexpression or knockdown of GTSE1 using lentiviral transfection, the effects of GTSE1 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of ESCC cells were detected. The contribution of GTSE1 in inducing chromosomal missegregation in cells leading to chromosome instability (CIN) has been described. Long‐term existence of CIN can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in ESCC cells, followed by inhibition of apoptosis by activating the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway, and this inhibition could be relieved after treatment with JNK inhibitor. In vivo experiments, we also confirmed the tumor‐promoting effect and mechanism of GTSE1 in ESCC using nude mice model. In this study, we demonstrated that GTSE1 induces CIN in ESCC cells, and increases intracellular ROS production, which leads to cellular oxidative stress, contributes to the activation of the JNK signaling pathway, and thereby inhibits apoptosis leading to ESCC tumorigenesis.
A three‐step Oseen‐linearized finite element method for incompressible flows with damping
Authors: Zheng Bo , Shang Yueqiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a three‐step Oseen‐linearized finite element method for the 2D/3D steady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with nonlinear damping term. Within this method, we solve a nonlinear problem over a coarse grid followed by solving two Oseen‐linearized problems over a fine grid, which possess the same stiffness matrices with only various right‐hand sides. We theoretically analyze the stability of the present method, and derive optimal error estimates of the finite element solutions. We conduct a series of numerical experiments which support the theoretical analysis and test the effectiveness of the proposed method. We demonstrate numerically that there is a significant improvement in the accuracy of the approximate solutions over those for the standard two‐level method.