bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic characteristics of composite coronary stents after implantation
Authors: Chen Yanan , Shang Xinchun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The dynamic characteristics of composite coronary stents of poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) coated magnesium (Mg) alloy were investigated using the finite element method (FEM). Firstly, the effects on dynamic performances of stents were considered, such as stent materials, large deformation of expansion and springback during stent implantation, residual stress after implantation, degradation of PLLA coating, and vascular constraints. Secondly, variations in the dynamic characteristics of the blocked artery after stent implantation were calculated. The natural frequencies and corresponding vibration modes of stents and arteries, as well as the response under harmonic excitation were numerically simulated. The results show that, the natural frequency of the composite stent is much smaller than that of the Mg alloy stent. Each natural frequency of the stent after a large deformation of expansion and springback significantly decreased compared with that of the initial stent. The existence of residual stress has a minor effect on the natural frequencies of the stent and does not change the vibration modes. However, degradation of the PLLA coating and vascular elastic constraint have distinct influences on the frequencies of stents. Modal analysis results indicate that bending, torsional and breathing modes occur in the first five vibration modes. Moreover, there are differences in the natural frequencies and vibration modes among healthy, blocked and stent-implanted arteries. These results are helpful for understanding the dynamic behavior of the vascular system after stent implantation and have guiding significance in stent design.
Thulium oxides supported on MnCeTiOX catalysts for low-temperature NH3-SCR of NOX
Authors: Lv Shuyi , Huang Jian , Chen Yue , Zhang Qiyao , Huang Yongmin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, the MnCeTiOX catalyst was prepared by sol-gel method and doped with thulium (Tm), which improved its low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) activity and resistance to SO2 poisoning. In this paper, the surface properties of Tm-doped MnCeTiOX catalysts were studied and analysed by means of BET, XRD, SEM, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR and XPS. The catalyst performance was tested by using simulated flue gas. The results show that Tm doping can effectively inhibit the crystallization degree of TiO2, increase the catalyst specific surface area, and make the elements distribute more uniformly on the catalyst surface. Meanwhile, the amount of Brønsted acid sites could be increased by Tm doping. It also increased the concentration of surface adsorbed oxygen and the ratio of Mn4+/Mn and Ce3+/Ce. Therefore, the activity of the catalyst was improved by Tm doping in the temperature range of 90 °C to 270 °C, the catalyst activity remained above 97% in the temperature range of 180 °C to 270 °C. And the catalyst activity remained above 88% after a 10 h-SO2 poisoning test. Tm doping could effectively inhibit SO2 poisoning of the catalyst and reduce the adsorption of SO2 on the catalyst surface.
Gabapentin initiation in the inpatient setting: A characterization of prescribing
Authors: Waterloo Marissa , Rozic Matthew , Knauss Gionna , Jackson Simran , Karuga Dellon , Zimmerman David E , Montepara Courtney A , Covvey Jordan R , Nemecek Branden D 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Gabapentin is a widely prescribed analgesic with increased popularity over recent years. Previous studies have characterized use of gabapentin in the outpatient setting, but minimal data exist for its initiation in the inpatient setting. The objective of this study was to characterize the prescribing patterns of gabapentin when it was initiated in the inpatient setting.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of a random sample of adult patients who received new-start gabapentin during hospital admission. Patients for whom gabapentin was prescribed as a home medication, with one-time, on-call, or as-needed orders, or who died during hospital admission were excluded. The primary outcome was characterization of the gabapentin indication; secondary outcomes included the starting and discharge doses, the number of dose titrations, the rate of concomitant opioid prescribing, and pain clinic follow-up. Patients were stratified by surgical vs nonsurgical status.

Results
A total of 464 patients were included, 283 (61.0%) of whom were surgical and 181 (39.0%) of whom were nonsurgical. The cohort was 60% male with a mean (SD) age of 56 (18) years; surgical patients were younger and included more women. The most common indications for surgical patients were multimodal analgesia (161; 56.9%), postoperative pain (53; 18.7%), and neuropathic pain (26; 9.2%), while those for nonsurgical patients were neuropathic pain (72; 39.8%) and multimodal analgesia (53; 29.3%). The mean starting dose was similar between the subgroups (613 mg for surgical patients vs 560 mg for nonsurgical patients; P = 0.196). A total of 51.6% vs 81.8% of patients received gabapentin at discharge (P &lt; 0.0001), while referral/follow-up to a pain clinic was minimal and similar between the subgroups (1.1% vs 3.9%; P = 0.210).

Conclusion
Inpatients were commonly initiated on gabapentin for generalized indications, with approximately half discharged on gabapentin. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of this prescribing on chronic utilization.
Development of a pharmacist-managed protocol for the transition from intravenous to subcutaneous insulin in critically ill adults
Authors: Gerhardt Jenna M , Dine Serena A , Foster David R , Lodolo Andrew C , McIntire Allyson M , Peters Michael J , Rhew Taylor A , Walroth Todd A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a pharmacist-managed protocol for transitioning critically ill patients from intravenous (IV) to subcutaneous insulin.

Methods
This single-center, retrospective, observational study included patients admitted to the medical or surgical/trauma intensive care unit who received a continuous infusion of IV insulin from January 2019 to April 2021. Patients were excluded if they were less than 18 years old, pregnant, or incarcerated or received IV insulin for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, calcium channel blocker or β-blocker overdose, or hypertriglyceridemia. The primary outcome was to evaluate the percentage of blood glucose (BG) concentrations within the target range of 70 to 150 mg/dL within 48 hours of the transition to subcutaneous insulin. Secondary outcomes included the percentage of BG concentrations within the goal range following transition at 0 to 12 hours and 12 to 24 hours, the incidence of hypo- and hyperglycemia, and the percentage of patients requiring dose adjustments after the initial transition.

Results
Pharmacists were able to achieve BG concentrations in the target range for 53% of transitions at 12 hours, 40% of transitions at 24 hours, and 47% of transitions at 48 hours. With respect to safety endpoints, the pharmacist-managed group had a low rate of hypoglycemia (1.0%) and no severe hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemia was reported for 28% of BG concentrations while severe hyperglycemia was reported for 27%. Pharmacists transitioned patients to an average of 63% of the 24-hour total daily dose of insulin as basal insulin.

Conclusion
Pharmacists can effectively and safely transition critically ill patients from IV to subcutaneous insulin utilizing a standardized protocol.
Adjusting vasopressin availability and formulation: A cost-savings initiative
Authors: Sizemore Summer , Patel Megan Van Berkel , Carter Breanna , Garrett Emily 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeThe increase in vasopressin price has required many healthcare systems to consider cost-saving strategies. To combat rising medication costs, our institution changed formulations from 50 units/250 mL to 20 units/100 mL and removed vasopressin from automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs).MethodsThis retrospective review occurred at a 545-bed academic medical center with 97 adult intensive care unit beds. Adult patients receiving a continuous vasopressin infusion were included with no exclusion criteria. A 1-month period was assessed before and after changing the formulation (pre and post groups, respectively). Duplicate bags compounded by pharmacy and bedside teams were also assessed in the pre group. The primary outcome was the estimated annual cost savings due to formulation change with a secondary outcome of estimated annual cost savings due to removal of vasopressin from ADCs. Each 20-unit vial of vasopressin cost $183.21 (wholesale acquisition cost) at the time of the study.ResultsIn the pre group, 39 patients requiring a vasopressin infusion were allocated an average of 2 bags each costing $1,099.26 per patient. In the post group, 41 patients required an average of 4 bags each costing $732.84 per patient. With respect to the primary outcome, a savings of $366.42 per patient and an average of 40 patients per month would lead to an annual cost savings of $175,881.60. Secondary outcome analysis identified 9 duplicate bags prepared in the pre group; therefore, removal of vasopressin from ADCs is estimated to provide additional cost savings of $59,360.04. The estimated annual cost savings from both initiatives is $235,241.64.ConclusionChanging the vasopressin formulation and removing it from ADCs resulted in a significant cost savings to the health system.
Evaluation of the safety of a novel peripheral vasopressor pilot program and the impact on central line placement in medical and surgical intensive care units
Authors: Marti Kristen , Hartley Christopher , Sweeney Elizabeth , Mah John , Pugliese Nicholas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of peripheral vasopressor administration in an attempt to minimize the placement and improve early removal of unnecessary central lines to reduce central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who received vasopressors via peripheral infusion over 3 months, starting at the time of guideline implementation.

Results
We identified 129 vasopressor orders among 79 patients that were administered peripherally. Among these orders, 3 events were documented as possible extravasation events. Forty-five patients (57%) did not require central line placement due to increasing vasopressor requirements. Standard utilization ratio data suggest minimal central line impact of the protocol implementation. December 2020 to February 2021 was associated with a large second peak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in our region. Utilization of central lines was less than predicted in December 2020 to February 2021 in 2 of our 3 intensive care units (ICUs); however, the differences were statistically significant on only 3 occasions. In the third ICU, utilization was greater than predicted, but this unit housed a majority of the most critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Conclusion
This study suggests that short-term use of select vasopressors at conservative doses is safe for peripheral administration and points toward efficacy at preventing central line placement. Further analysis is required to confirm efficacy.
HPiP: an R/Bioconductor package for predicting host–pathogen protein–protein interactions from protein sequences using ensemble machine learning approach
Authors: Rahmatbakhsh Matineh , Moutaoufik Mohamed Taha , Gagarinova Alla , Babu Mohan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Despite arduous and time-consuming experimental efforts, protein–protein interactions (PPIs) for many pathogenic microbes with their human host are still unknown, limiting our understanding of the intricate interactions during infection and the identification of therapeutic targets. Since computational tools offer a promising alternative, we developed an R/Bioconductor package, HPiP (Host–Pathogen Interaction Prediction) software with a series of amino acid sequence property descriptors and an ensemble machine learning classifiers to predict the yet unmapped interactions between pathogen and host proteins.

Results
Using severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) or the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus-human PPI training sets as a case study, we show that HPiP achieves a good performance with PPI predictions between SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins, which we confirmed experimentally in human monocyte THP-1 cells, and with several quality control metrics. HPiP also exhibited strong performance in accurately predicting the previously reported PPIs when tested against the sequences of pathogenic bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human proteins. Collectively, our fully documented HPiP software will hasten the exploration of PPIs for a systems-level understanding of many understudied pathogens and uncover molecular targets for repurposing existing drugs.

Availability and implementation
HPiP is released as an open-source code under the MIT license that is freely available on GitHub (https://github.com/BabuLab-UofR/HPiP) as well as on Bioconductor (http://bioconductor.org/packages/devel/bioc/html/HPiP.html).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
ScisorWiz: visualizing differential isoform expression in single-cell long-read data
Authors: Stein Alexander N , Joglekar Anoushka , Poon Chi-Lam , Tilgner Hagen U 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSummaryRNA isoforms contribute to the diverse functionality of the proteins they encode within the cell. Visualizing how isoform expression differs across cell types and brain regions can inform our understanding of disease and gain or loss of functionality caused by alternative splicing with potential negative impacts. However, the extent to which this occurs in specific cell types and brain regions is largely unknown. This is the kind of information that ScisorWiz plots can provide in an informative and easily communicable manner. ScisorWiz affords its user the opportunity to visualize specific genes across any number of cell types, and provides various sorting options for the user to gain different ways to understand their data. ScisorWiz provides a clear picture of differential isoform expression through various clustering methods and highlights features such as alternative exons and single-nucleotide variants. Tools like ScisorWiz are key for interpreting single-cell isoform sequencing data. This tool applies to any single-cell long-read RNA sequencing data in any cell type, tissue or species.Availability and implementationSource code is available at http://github.com/ans4013/ScisorWiz. No new data were generated for this publication. Data used to generate figures was sourced from GEO accession token GSE158450 and available on GitHub as example data.
PeakBot: machine-learning-based chromatographic peak picking
Authors: Bueschl Christoph , Doppler Maria , Varga Elisabeth , Seidl Bernhard , Flasch Mira , Warth Benedikt , Zanghellini Juergen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMotivationChromatographic peak picking is among the first steps in data processing workflows of raw LC-HRMS datasets in untargeted metabolomics applications. Its performance is crucial for the holistic detection of all metabolic features as well as their relative quantification for statistical analysis and metabolite identification. Random noise, non-baseline separated compounds and unspecific background signals complicate this task.ResultsA machine-learning-based approach entitled PeakBot was developed for detecting chromatographic peaks in LC-HRMS profile-mode data. It first detects all local signal maxima in a chromatogram, which are then extracted as super-sampled standardized areas (retention-time versus m/z). These are subsequently inspected by a custom-trained convolutional neural network that forms the basis of PeakBot’s architecture. The model reports if the respective local maximum is the apex of a chromatographic peak or not as well as its peak center and bounding box. In training and independent validation datasets used for development, PeakBot achieved a high performance with respect to discriminating between chromatographic peaks and background signals (accuracy of 0.99). For training the machine-learning model a minimum of 100 reference features are needed to learn their characteristics to achieve high-quality peak-picking results for detecting such chromatographic peaks in an untargeted fashion. PeakBot is implemented in python (3.8) and uses the TensorFlow (2.5.0) package for machine-learning related tasks. It has been tested on Linux and Windows OSs.Availability and implementationThe package is available free of charge for non-commercial use (CC BY-NC-SA). It is available at https://github.com/christophuv/PeakBot.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The impact of phosphorylated PTEN at threonine 366 on cortical connectivity and behaviour
Authors: Ledderose Julia M T , Benitez Jorge A , Roberts Amanda J , Reed Rachel , Bintig Willem , Larkum Matthew E , Sachdev Robert N S , Furnari Frank , Eickholt Britta J 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe lipid phosphatase PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue on chromosome 10) is a key tumour suppressor gene and an important regulator of neuronal signalling. PTEN mutations have been identified in patients with autism spectrum disorders, characterized by macrocephaly, impaired social interactions and communication, repetitive behaviour, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. PTEN enzymatic activity is regulated by a cluster of phosphorylation sites at the C-terminus of the protein. Here, we focused on the role of PTEN T366 phosphorylation and generated a knock-in mouse line in which Pten T366 was substituted with alanine (PtenT366A/T366A). We identify that phosphorylation of PTEN at T366 controls neuron size and connectivity of brain circuits involved in sensory processing. We show in behavioural tests that PtenT366/T366A mice exhibit cognitive deficits and selective sensory impairments, with significant differences in male individuals. We identify restricted cellular overgrowth of cortical neurons in PtenT366A/T366A brains, linked to increases in both dendritic arborization and soma size. In a combinatorial approach of anterograde and retrograde monosynaptic tracing using rabies virus, we characterize differences in connectivity to the primary somatosensory cortex of PtenT366A/T366A brains, with imbalances in long-range cortico-cortical input to neurons. We conclude that phosphorylation of PTEN at T366 controls neuron size and connectivity of brain circuits involved in sensory processing and propose that PTEN T366 signalling may account for a subset of autism-related functions of PTEN.
Effects of Covid-19 lockdowns on social distancing in Turkey
Authors: Bilgel Fırat 
Published: May 2022

Summary
This paper elucidates the causal effect of lockdowns on social distancing behaviour in Turkey by adopting an augmented synthetic control and a factor-augmented model approach for imputing counterfactuals. By constructing a synthetic control group that reproduces pre-lockdown trajectory of mobility of the treated provinces and that accommodates staggered adoption, the difference between the counterfactual and actual mobility of treated provinces is assessed in the post-lockdown period. The analysis shows that in the short run following the onset of lockdowns, outdoor mobility would have been about 17–53 percentage points higher on average in the absence of lockdowns, depending on social distancing measure. However, residential mobility would have been about 12 percentage points lower in the absence of lockdowns. The findings are corroborated using interactive fixed effects and matrix completion counterfactuals that accommodate staggered adoption and treatment reversals.
Acute coronary syndrome due to plaque erosion likely triggered by insect bites: a case series of Kounis syndrome
Authors: Katayama Yosuke , Taniguchi Motoki , Ota Shingo , Satogami Keisuke , Ozaki Yuichi , Ino Yasushi , Tanaka Atsushi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundKounis syndrome is the concurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including coronary spasm, acute myocardial infarction, and stent thrombosis due to an allergic and/or anaphylactoid insult.Case summaryWe present two cases of Kounis syndrome likely triggered by insect bites, with plaque erosion demonstrated using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Three common findings were derived from this case series. First, the patients developed a rash after an insect bite followed by ACS. Second, immunoglobulin E levels were increased. Finally, OCT identified the aetiology of ACS in this case series as erosion of the culprit lesions.DiscussionKounis syndrome, which is ACS following allergic reactions due to insect bites, is a rare complication. Kounis syndrome is probably not uncommon, but underdiagnosed. It is important for physicians to consider the treatment of Kounis syndrome in the complex course of ACS associated with allergic reactions. Furthermore, patients with a history of Kounis syndrome should avoid antigen exposure during secondary prophylaxis. In some cases, it may take several days from antigen exposure to the onset of ACS. Considering Kounis syndrome is beneficial for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Muscle-Specific Cellular and Molecular Adaptations to Late-Life Voluntary Concurrent Exercise
Authors: Dungan Cory M , Brightwell Camille R , Wen Yuan , Zdunek Christopher J , Latham Christine M , Thomas Nicholas T , Zagzoog Alyaa M , Brightwell Benjamin D , Nolt Georgia L , Keeble Alexander R , Watowich Stanley J , Murach Kevin A , Fry Christopher S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Murine exercise models can provide information on factors that influence muscle adaptability with aging, but few translatable solutions exist. Progressive weighted wheel running (PoWeR) is a simple, voluntary, low-cost, high-volume endurance/resistance exercise approach for training young mice. In the current investigation, aged mice (22-mo-old) underwent a modified version of PoWeR for 8 wk. Muscle functional, cellular, biochemical, transcriptional, and myonuclear DNA methylation analyses provide an encompassing picture of how muscle from aged mice responds to high-volume combined training. Mice run 6–8 km/d, and relative to sedentary mice, PoWeR increases plantarflexor muscle strength. The oxidative soleus of aged mice responds to PoWeR similarly to young mice in every parameter measured in previous work; this includes muscle mass, glycolytic-to-oxidative fiber type transitioning, fiber size, satellite cell frequency, and myonuclear number. The oxidative/glycolytic plantaris adapts according to fiber type, but with modest overall changes in muscle mass. Capillarity increases markedly with PoWeR in both muscles, which may be permissive for adaptability in advanced age. Comparison to published PoWeR RNA-sequencing data in young mice identified conserved regulators of adaptability across age and muscles; this includes Aldh1l1 which associates with muscle vasculature. Agrn and Samd1 gene expression is upregulated after PoWeR simultaneous with a hypomethylated promoter CpG in myonuclear DNA, which could have implications for innervation and capillarization. A promoter CpG in Rbm10 is hypomethylated by late-life exercise in myonuclei, consistent with findings in muscle tissue. PoWeR and the data herein are a resource for uncovering cellular and molecular regulators of muscle adaptation with aging.