bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial genomic variation in dementia with Lewy bodies: association with disease risk and neuropathological measures
Authors: Valentino Rebecca R. , Ramnarine Chloe , Heckman Michael G. , Johnson Patrick W. , Soto-Beasley Alexandra I. , Walton Ronald L. , Koga Shunsuke , Kasanuki Koji , Murray Melissa E. , Uitti Ryan J. , Fields Julie A. , Botha Hugo , Ramanan Vijay K. , Kantarci Kejal , Lowe Val J. , Jack Clifford R. , Ertekin-Taner Nilufer , Savica Rodolfo , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Petersen Ronald C. , Parisi Joseph E. , Reichard R. Ross , Graff-Radford Neill R. , Ferman Tanis J. , Boeve Bradley F. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Dickson Dennis W. , Ross Owen A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is clinically diagnosed when patients develop dementia less than a year after parkinsonism onset. Age is the primary risk factor for DLB and mitochondrial health influences ageing through effective oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Patterns of stable polymorphisms in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) alter OXPHOS efficiency and define individuals to specific mtDNA haplogroups. This study investigates if mtDNA haplogroup background affects clinical DLB risk and neuropathological disease severity. 360 clinical DLB cases, 446 neuropathologically confirmed Lewy body disease (LBD) cases with a high likelihood of having DLB (LBD-hDLB), and 910 neurologically normal controls had European mtDNA haplogroups defined using Agena Biosciences MassARRAY iPlex technology. 39 unique mtDNA variants were genotyped and mtDNA haplogroups were assigned to mitochondrial phylogeny. Striatal dopaminergic degeneration, neuronal loss, and Lewy body counts were also assessed in different brain regions in LBD-hDLB cases. Logistic regression models adjusted for age and sex were used to assess associations between mtDNA haplogroups and risk of DLB or LBD-hDLB versus controls in a case-control analysis. Additional appropriate regression models, adjusted for age at death and sex, assessed associations of haplogroups with each different neuropathological outcome measure. No mtDNA haplogroups were significantly associated with DLB or LBD-hDLB risk after Bonferroni correction.Haplogroup H suggests a nominally significant reduced risk of DLB (OR=0.61, P=0.006) but no association of LBD-hDLB (OR=0.87, P=0.34). The haplogroup H observation in DLB was consistent after additionally adjusting for the number of APOE ε4 alleles (OR=0.59, P=0.004). Haplogroup H also showed a suggestive association with reduced ventrolateral substantia nigra neuronal loss (OR=0.44, P=0.033). Mitochondrial haplogroup H may be protective against DLB risk and neuronal loss in substantia nigra regions in LBD-hDLB cases but further validation is warranted.
Tumor antigens and immune subtypes of glioblastoma: the fundamentals of mRNA vaccine and individualized immunotherapy development
Authors: Wu Changwu , Qin Chaoying , Long Wenyong , Wang Xiangyu , Xiao Kai , Liu Qing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults and is notorious for its lethality. Given its limited therapeutic measures and high heterogeneity, the development of new individualized therapies is important. mRNA vaccines have exhibited promising performance in a variety of solid tumors, those designed for glioblastoma (GBM) need further development. The aim of this study is to explore tumor antigens for the development of mRNA vaccines against GBM and to identify potential immune subtypes of GBM to identify the patients suitable for different immunotherapies.

Methods
RNA-seq data and the clinical information of 143 GBM patients was extracted from the TCGA database; microarray data and the clinical information of 181 GBM patients was obtained from the REMBRANDT cohort. A GBM immunotherapy cohort of 17 patients was obtained from a previous literature. GEPIA2, cBioPortal, and TIMER2 were used to identify the potential tumor antigens. Immune subtypes and gene modules were identified using consensus clustering; immune landscape was constructed using graph-learning-based dimensionality reduction analysis.

Results
Nine potential tumor antigens associated with poor prognosis and infiltration of antigen-presenting cells were identified in GBM: ADAMTSL4, COL6A1, CTSL, CYTH4, EGFLAM, LILRB2, MPZL2, SAA2, and LSP1. Four robust immune subtypes and seven functional gene modules were identified and validated in an independent cohort. Immune subtypes had different cellular and molecular characteristics, with IS1, an immune cold phenotype; IS2, an immune hot and immunosuppressive phenotype; IS3, a relatively immune cold phenotype, second only to IS1; IS4, having a moderate tumor immune microenvironment. Immune landscape revealed the immune distribution of the GBM patients. Additionally, the potential value of immune subtypes for individualized immunotherapy was demonstrated in a GBM immunotherapy cohort.

Conclusions
ADAMTSL4, COL6A1, CTSL, CYTH4, EGFLAM, LILRB2, MPZL2, SAA2, and LSP1 are the candidate tumor antigens for mRNA vaccine development in GBM, and IS1 GBM patients are best suited for mRNA vaccination, IS2 patients are best suited for immune checkpoint inhibitor. This study provides a theoretical framework for GBM mRNA vaccine development and individualized immunotherapy strategies.
Effect of polymer water retaining agent on physical properties of silty clay
Authors: Huang Wei , Lai Haoqiang , Du Jiaxin , Zhou Cuiying , Liu Zhen , Ni Qian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Ecological protection of slope surfaces by vegetation is one of the effective methods to reduce soil erosion. However, the surface soil of slope often has the problems of poor structure and low water use efficiency, which is not conducive to plant growth. Super absorbent resin (SAR) as a new type of water retention agent can effectively improve the surface soil of slopes. The study was designed to evaluate the effect and mechanism of SAR on aggregate stability, soil water characteristics and mechanical strength by analyzing the aggregate characteristics, moisture characteristics, microstructure and mechanical properties of SAR-treated soil.

Results
The results show that (1) the volume expansion and shrinkage in the process of water absorption and release of SAR loosened the soil, which improved the microstructure of the soil and increased the aggregate content, while the change of soil pore distribution significantly affected the soil–water characteristics; (2) the fractal dimension and stability of aggregates, the cohesion and internal friction angle of soils all tend to decrease with increasing SAR; and (3) the strong water absorption and retention of SAR increases the water holding capacity of the soil, thus increasing the water availability.

Conclusions
The above research is conducive to further revealing the good role of SAR in improving the surface soil of slope, promoting plant growth and improving the environmental protection effect. It can provide experimental and data support for the application of polymer water retaining agents.

Graphical Abstract
Pretreatment visceral metastases in castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer: role in prediction versus actual site of disease progression
Authors: Ruchalski Kathleen , Kim Hyun J. , Douek Michael , Raman Steven , Patel Maitraya , Sai Victor , Gutierrez Antonio , Levine Benjamin , Fischer Cheryce , Allen-Auerbach Martin , Gupta Pawan , Coy Heidi , Villegas Bianca , Brown Matthew , Goldin Jonathan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the anatomic site(s) of initial disease progression in patients with castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the presence or absence of pre-treatment visceral metastases while on systemic therapy.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of mCRPC patients who have baseline and at least one follow up bone scan and CT chest, abdomen and pelvis (CAP). Disease progression was determined by RECIST and/or ≥ 30% increase in automated bone scan lesion area score. Kaplan–Meier plot was used to estimate the median progression free survival and log-rank tests were used to compare anatomic sites.

Results
Of 203 patients, 61 (30%) had pre-treatment visceral metastases. Patients with baseline visceral disease were 1.5 times more likely to develop disease progression (HR = 1.53; 95% CI, 1.03–2.26). Disease progression was a result of worsening bone scan disease (42% (16/38)) versus visceral (32% (12/38)) or lymph node disease (3% (1/38)) by CT or a combination thereof (23% (9/38)). Median time to progression (TTP) did not differ by anatomic location of initial progression (p = 0.86). Development of new lesions occurred in 50% of those visceral patients with soft tissue only progression and was associated with a significantly longer TTP (3.1 months (2.8–4.3 months) than those with worsening of pre-existing lesions (1.8 months (1.6–2.7 months); p = 0.04.

Conclusions
Patients with pre-treatment visceral metastases in mCRPC are more likely to experience disease progression of bone disease with the initial anatomic site of progression similar to those without baseline visceral involvement.
Cross-platform mobile app development for disseminating public health information to travelers in Thailand: development and usability
Authors: Meankaew Pongthep , Lawpoolsri Saranath , Piyaphanee Watcharapong , Wansatid Peerawat , Chaovalit Pimwadee , Lawawirojwong Siam , Kaewkungwal Jaranit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe risk of disease is a key factor that travelers have identified when planning to travel abroad, as many people are concerned about getting sick. Mobile devices can be an effective means for travelers to access information regarding disease prevalence in their planned destinations, potentially reducing the risk of exposure.MethodsWe developed a mobile app, ThaiEpidemics, using cross-platform technology to provide information about disease prevalence and status for travelers to Thailand. We aimed to assess the app’s usability in terms of engagement, search logs, and effectiveness among target users. The app was developed using the principle of mobile application development life cycle, for both iOS and Android. As its data source, the app used weekly data from national disease-surveillance reports. We conduced our study among visitors to the Travel Clinic in the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. The participants were informed that the app would collect usage and search logs related to their queries. After the second log-in, the app prompted participants to complete an e-survey regarding their opinions and preferences related to their awareness of disease prevalence and status.ResultsWe based our prototype of ThaiEpidemics on a conceptualized framework for visualizing the distribution of 14 major diseases of concern to tourists in Southeast Asia. The app provided users with functions and features to search for and visualize disease prevalence and status in Thailand. The participants could access information for their current location and elsewhere in the country. In all, 83 people installed the app, and 52 responded to the e-survey. Regardless of age, education, and continent of origin, almost all e-survey respondents believed the app had raised their awareness of disease prevalence and status when travelling. Most participants searched for information for all 14 diseases; some searched for information specifically about dengue and malaria.ConclusionsThaiEpidemics is evidently potentially useful for travelers. Should the app be adopted for use by travelers to Thailand, it could have an impact on wider knowledge distribution, which might result in decreased exposure, increased prophylaxis, and therefore a potential decreased burden on the healthcare system. For app developers who are developing/implementing this kind of app, it is important to address standardization of the data source and users’ concerns about the confidentiality and safety of their mobile devices.
The Effect of Shoulder and Knee Exercise Programmes on the Risk of Shoulder and Knee Injuries in Adolescent Elite Handball Players: A Three-Armed Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Asker Martin , Hägglund Martin , Waldén Markus , Källberg Henrik , Skillgate Eva 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The risk of injury in adolescent handball is high, and shoulder and knee injuries are among the most frequent and burdensome. The Swedish Knee Control programme reduced the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female youth football players and traumatic knee injuries in male and female youth floorball players. However, to date, Knee Control has not been evaluated in an elite youth sport setting. The literature on the prevention of shoulder injuries in sport is scarce, and there are to our knowledge no previous studies evaluating the preventative efficacy of injury prevention exercise programmes (IPEPs) on shoulder injuries in adolescent handball players.

Objectives
To study the preventive efficacy of IPEPs on shoulder and knee injuries in adolescent elite handball players.

Methods
Eighteen Swedish handball-profiled secondary schools (clusters) with players aged 15–19 years, 54% males were randomised into either the Shoulder Group or Knee Group (interventions) or a Control Group. Players in the Shoulder Group were instructed to perform the Shoulder Control programme, and players in the Knee Group to perform the Knee Control programme, three times per week during May 2018 to May 2019. Control Group players continued their usual training. Outcomes were shoulder and knee injuries defined by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed using Cox regression models with hazard rate ratios (HRRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Six clusters (199 players) in the Shoulder Group, six clusters (216 players) in the Knee Group and six clusters (212 players) in the Control Group were included. There were 100 shoulder injuries and 156 knee injuries. The Shoulder Group had a 56% lower shoulder injury rate, HRR 0.44 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.68), and the Knee Group had a 31% lower knee injury rate, HRR 0.69 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.97) than the Control Group. The absolute risk reduction was 11% and 8%, and the number needed to treat was 9 and 13, respectively.

Conclusions
Adolescent elite handball players who performed the Shoulder Control and the Knee Control programmes had a lower risk of shoulder and knee injuries, respectively, than players who continued their usual training. Further research on how these two programmes can be combined to reduce knee and shoulder injuries in a time effective way is warranted.
Trial registration ISRCTN15946352.
Key points

The burden of knee and shoulder injuries in handball is high.

The Shoulder Control programme reduces the risk and overall burden of shoulder injuries in adolescent elite handball players.

The Knee Control programme reduces the risk and overall burden of knee injuries in adolescent elite handball players.
Arecoline promotes proliferation and migration of human HepG2 cells through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Xie Hai , Jing Ren , Liao Xiaoting , Chen Haishao , Xie Xianlong , Dai Huijun , Pan Linghui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundArecoline is a well-known risk factor for oral submucosal fibrosis and cancer. However, the mechanistic correlation between arecoline and hepatocellular cancer remains elusive. Here, we investigated the effect of arecoline on the proliferation and migration of human HepG2 hepatoma cells and its potential oncogenic mechanisms.MethodsBioinformatic technologies were used to identify the deferentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and hub target genes of arecoline-induced cancers. These DE-miRNAs, hub genes and pathway were proved in arecoline-treated HepG2 cells.ResultsA total of 86 DE-miRNAs and 460 target genes were identified. These target genes are associated with DNA-templated regulation of transcription and other biological processes. Significant molecular functions were protein binding, calcium ion binding, and enrichment in the nucleus and cytoplasm. These genes are involved in the PI3K-AKT pathway. CDK1, CCND1, RAF1, CDKN1B and BTRC were defined as the top 5 hub target genes, and patients with high expression of CDK1 showed poor prognosis. Compared with control group, 2.5 µM arecoline treatment increased the proliferation and migration ability of the HepG2 cells. Treatment with 2.5 µM arecoline increased the levels of miR-21-3p, miR-21-5p and miR-1267, upregulated the expression of PI3K-AKT pathway factors, CDK1, CCND1 but decreased RAF1 expression.ConclusionA low concentration arecoline can induce the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells, with the potential mechanism of action linked to high levels of exosomal miR-21 and miR-1267, activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway, upregulation of CDK1 and CCND1, and downregulation of RAF1.
A case of Moesziomyces antarcticus peritonitis in a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Nishioka Satoshi , Yamanaka Masahito , Kunisho Yasushi , Aoki Yuhei , Higasitani Masato , Yokoyama Tomoko , Oyama Tomoyo , Ohkusu Misako , Kamei Katuhiko , Sofue Tadashi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Fungal peritonitis is a common and serious complication associated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), and it is often refractory to treatment.

Case presentation
A 70-year-old patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis was admitted to our hospital with fever and cloudy PD fluid. A diagnosis of yeast-like fungal peritonitis was made by examining the PD fluid. After starting intravenous caspofungin acetate, the PD catheter was removed. A fungal pathogen was isolated from the peritoneal fluid and identified as Cryptococcus sp. Based on the results of antifungal susceptibility testing, the treatment was changed to oral voriconazole and continued for 6 weeks. However, because of the discrepancy between the morphological findings and culture results, we performed genetic analysis, which uncovered Moesziomyces antarcticus. This patient was diagnosed with PD-related peritonitis caused by M. antarcticus and was successfully treated with voriconazole and removal of the PD catheter.

Conclusions
Reports of human infection by M. antarcticus are rare, and only two cases have been recognized. This may be the first case of infection detected in PD fluid.
Effects of Promove – Saúde da Mulher on anxiety, depression, social skills, and satisfaction: A single-subject design
Authors: Victuri Alexandre Aguiar , Bolsoni-Silva Alessandra Turini 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTerapia Analítico-Comportamental (TAC) (in English, behavioral-analytic therapy, behavior therapy, or clinical behavior analysis) is a possible intervention for cases of anxiety and depression, but it still has much to advance in terms of efficacy and clinical utility evidence. This article aims to describe the effects of a semi-structured intervention in the model of TAC regarding anxiety and depression, behavior, complaints, and satisfaction indicators. Participants included three women with children, marital relationships, and work, aged between 34 and 41 with complaints compatible with anxiety and depression disorders. The intervention usedPromove – Saúde da Mulher(PSM) (in English, Promote Women’s Health), which included 17 topics, most of them related to social skills. Instruments included the GAD-7 for anxiety, PHQ-9 for depression, IHS-2 Del Prette for social skills, a Complaints Checklist for monitoring clinical demands, and an Evaluation of the Therapeutic Process to describe clients’ satisfaction rates. The results from the standardized instruments were statistically analyzed via the JT method. All three participants showed reliable improvements in anxiety and/or depression, improvement in most complaints, and satisfaction with the intervention and its outcomes. Acquisition of social skills occurred in two cases. One participant dropped out and another one relapsed at follow-up. The efficacy criteria were used to evaluate the internal validity of the present study. The study collected the first evidences of outcome and satisfaction for PSM, thus enabling future investigations on the efficacy and clinical utility of this intervention program.
Modulation of Trace Metal Accumulation in the Liver and Intestine of Amphibian Host Sclerophrys regularis by the Enteric Parasite Cosmocerca spp. Sampled in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Okeagu Okechukwu Martin , Bamidele Akinsanya , Omoregie Isibor Patrick , Benedict Onadeko Abiodun , Adekoya Khalid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have shown parasites as accumulation indicators that give critical information about the bioavailability of pollutants. To further buttress parasites in the assessment of metal sink potentials, the parasite Cosmocerca sp. was analyzed in a total of 168 host toads, Sclerophrys regularis, from three (3) study stations sampled around dumpsites and natural habitats in selected parts of Lagos Metropolis.

Method
Concentrations of Zn, Ni, Co, Cu, and Pb in the soil, parasite, intestine, and liver of toads at each location were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

Results
Comparison based on the concentrations of metals in S. regularis liver regardless of the collection site (dumpsite and natural habitat) showed that the most accumulated metal was zinc. Zinc significantly accumulated in the liver of the uninfected toad at the dumpsite, followed by the infected counterparts. There was also significant bioaccumulation of lead in the liver of the uninfected toads followed by the infected toads at the dumpsites. The accumulation of lead in the toads in their natural habitats was insignificant. The significant biota-sediment accumulation of copper in the liver was in the order of infected toad at dumpsite > infected toad at natural habitat > uninfected toad at habitat. Copper accumulation in the uninfected toad at the dumpsites was insignificant. As for cobalt, the significant biota-sediment accumulation in the liver was in the order of uninfected toad at dumpsite > infected toad at dumpsite > infected toad at habitat. Insignificant bioaccumulation occurred only in the uninfected toad at the natural habitat. A strong positive correlation (0.9546) between the concentrations of metals in the liver and the intestine indicated a common source of contamination and relatively proportional accumulation rates. Although there was a significant positive correlation between the concentrations of metals in the intestine and the parasites, a significantly negative correlation relationship, however, occurred between the concentrations of metals in the liver and the parasites.

Conclusions
This current study has demonstrated the possibility of employing Cosmocerca sp. as a bio-sink and bioindicator for zinc contamination. The parasites may therefore be promising in protecting S. regularis and safeguarding the health of the associated populace.