bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hergebruik van stedelijk afvalwater: op (de Europese) weg naar een circulaire economie
Authors: Outhuijse A. , Melchers S.A. , Gilissen H.K. 
Published: June 2022

Hergebruik van stedelijk afvalwater: op (de Europese) weg naar een circulaire economie
Grote delen van de wereld hebben of krijgen mede door klimaatverandering in toenemende mate te maken met waterschaarsterisico’s. Ook Europa en Nederland ontspringen de dans niet en dienen zich daaraan aan te passen. Daarnaast zijn er binnen de EU en Nederland vergaande ambities om in 2050 een volledig circulaire economie tot stand te hebben gebracht. Een van de strategieën om deze risico’s te lijf te gaan en bij te dragen aan de verwezenlijking van deze ambities, is het hergebruik van (stedelijk) afvalwater. In dit artikel bespreken de auteurs het Europese kader en de implementatie daarvan in Nederland voor hergebruik van stedelijk afvalwater, met bijzondere aandacht voor Verordening (EU) 2020/741 inzake minimumeisen voor hergebruik van water die per 26 juni 2023 van kracht zal zijn. Vervolgens onderwerpen de auteurs de ontwikkelingen in dit verband aan een discussie, waarbij zij ingaan op de vraag of inderdaad grootschalig gebruik zal worden gemaakt van de mogelijkheden die de Verordening biedt en welke volgende ontwikkelingen te verwachten zijn.
Het nieuwe rechtsstaatmechanisme krijgt groen licht van het Hof van Justitie
Authors: van Rijn T.P.J.N. 
Published: June 2022

Het nieuwe rechtsstaatmechanisme krijgt groen licht van het Hof van Justitie
De beroepen van Hongarije en Polen tegen Verordening (EU) 2020/2092 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 16 december 2020 betreffende een algemeen conditionaliteitsregime ter bescherming van de Uniebegroting zijn door het Hof van Justitie ongegrond verklaard. Dit regime, dat de auteur aanduidt als het nieuwe rechtsstaatmechanisme, heeft hij reeds uitvoerig besproken in NtEr 2021/9-10. In deze bijdrage worden de arresten van het Hof van Justitie geanalyseerd. Ingegaan wordt op de overwegingen van het Hof van Justitie over de rechtsbasis van de verordening, over de vraag of de procedure van artikel 7 VEU niet wordt omzeild en of verschillende bepalingen van de verordening de beginselen van rechtszekerheid en evenredigheid respecteren. Het resultaat van de arresten is dat het rechtsstaatmechanisme nu door de Commissie in werking kan worden gezet. De vraag is in hoeverre een procedure met betrekking tot Hongarije en Polen tot een einde wordt gebracht – zeker in de huidige geopolitieke situatie. Er zijn overigens tekenen dat Polen bereid is maatregelen te nemen om vastgestelde schendingen van de rechtsstaat ongedaan te maken.HvJ 16 februari 2022, zaak C-156/21, ECLI:EU:C:2022:97 (Hongarije/Europees Parlement en Raad), HvJ 16 februari 2022, zaak C-157/21, ECLI:EU:C:2022:98 (Polen/Europees Parlement en Raad).
Intervensi Kompres Hangat Untuk Menurunkan Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Gastritis: Sebuah Studi Kasus
Authors: Siti Padilah Nida , Suhanda  , Nugraha Yuda , Fitriani Ade 
Published: June 2022

Tujuan: Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi evidence-bassed nursing kompres hangat terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri epigastrum pada pasien gastritis.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus deskriptif, dimana disusun berdasarkan laporan asuhan keperawatan melalui pendekatan proses keperawatan yang dilakukan selama tiga hari di Ruangan Dahlia RSUD Kota Banjar. Pengkajian dilakukan dengan cara anamnesis dan observasi. Diagnosa Keperawatan ditentukan dengan Standar Diagnosa Keeperawatan Indonesia (SDKI), sedangkan rencana keperawatan disesuaikan dengan pengelompokan intervensi pada Standar Intervensi Keperawatan Indonesia (SIKI) yang ditunjang dengan Evidence Based Nursing. Implementasi dan Evaluasi keperawatan didokumentasikan dengan model SOAPIER. Pemberian terapi kompres hangat pada pasien gastritis diberikan dengan menggunakan botol yang berisikan air hangat dengan kisaran suhu <42ºC.
Hasil: Diagnosa keperawatan nyeri akut dengan nomor diagnosa 0077 diberikan intervensi keperawatan berupa kompres hangat. Setelah diberikan intervensi keperawatan selama 3 hari, skala nyeri berkurang bahkan hilang saat dievaluasi pada hari ketiga yang asalnya skala 5 menjadi skala 0. Data subjektif dari hasil anamnesa, klien juga mengatakan nyeri berkurang dan pada hari ketiga klien mengatakan nyeri hilang.
Kesimpulan: terapi kompres hangat efektif terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri. Pada pasien gastritis dengan masalah nyeri skala nyeri yang asalnya skala 5 menjadi skala 0 (hilang).
Penyuluhan Kesehatan dan Edukasi Hipertensi kepada Keluarga
Authors: Al Adami pradana Sultan , Aji Sukmara , Rizki Novianti Tiya , Cahaya Tiara , Tresnawan Triman 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is a health problem in the world. Complications have a major impact on the quality of daily life, including in life. Maximizing blood pressure control has become a benchmark for improving overall health. In addition to pharmacological treatment, non-pharmacological treatment such as dietary regulation plays a very important role in controlling blood pressure. Many food constituents such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium have been thoroughly studied in recent times. Meanwhile, of all the nutrients it has been shown to clearly recommend it and some things remain and continue to be studied. Dietary modification is often debated with patients which can then provide considerable benefits for controlling blood pressure. Hypertension or high blood pressure is a scourge that continues to heat up and becomes a major problem and priority in this country and around the world, because in the long term chronic elevated blood pressure will increase the risk of cardiovascular and renovascular complications. and cerebrovascular. The analysis of Kearney et al, shows that this increase in the incidence of hypertension is not uncommon.
Objective: The purpose of health promotion is to control, prevent, and treat hypertension as well as provide broad insight to families in the community about hypertension.
Methods: The counseling method used is a direct approach method through education and interviews as well as screening a short video about hypertension.
Result: Participants are able to answer all the questions that have been prepared by the counseling team.
Conclusion: The conclusion from the counseling results ended well with evidence of increased knowledge of participants who were given counselling.
Peningkatan pengetahuan tentang hipertensi untuk menyetabilkan tekanan darah pada keluarga
Authors: Zharfa Asmarani Andiri , Desry  , Mega Tresna Pamungkas Dina , Dwi Zuvita Elza , Aulia Mustika Elsha 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:Hypertension is a disease where a person's condition is when his blood pressure is above 140/90 mmHg. Hypertension is still one of the big enough problems in health to still be overcome. This disease can lead to the emergence of various more severe diseases, such as stroke, kidney disease, heart failure and can also cause death over time.
Objektive: The purpose of this counseling is to educate about the problem of hypertension. Because there are still some people who do not understand hypertension.
Method: The method he uses is holding a question and answer session given to the family at the end of the counseling evaluation. This is in order to increase basic knowledge about hypertension and can also apply it to daily life as given. The counseling is divided into several parts, namely timeliness and duration, participation, and solving problems.
Result: The results of the activity show that it has been carried out well in accordance with the results indicators and criteria on the observation sheet instrument. However, there are some that do not match the results criteria. There are five kinds of research sheets, namely timeliness and duration, participation, knowledge, and problem solving.
Conclusion: The evaluation showed that giving responses to the questions given, could answer the questions correctly, but after health education gave the correct feedback. This shows that the status of knowledge changes before and after health education is carried out. Suggestions for this activity need time management so that counseling can be carried out according to the time specified in SAP.
Demonstrasi Memprediksi Gangguan Cerebral Pada Orang Dengan Trauma Kepala Melalui Pengukuran Tekanan Darah
Authors: Sinuraya Elida , Idahwati  , Inka D Loisha 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Head injury is leading cause of death and disability. Brain cells around the injury will be functionally impaired. If the brain was widespread and bleeding, it has an impact on the failure of blood pressure controls mechanisms because blood pressure is one of the indicators in the prognosis of head injury patients.
Objective: the community was able to identify blood pressure measurement, the community was able to say hello before taking blood pressure, the community was able to prepare blood pressure equipment, the community was able to preparing client before taking blood pressure, and the community was able to taking blood pressure on client.
Method: a demonstration method was use in this community service.
Result: the community was able to identify blood pressure measurement in good category (88.9%),, The community was able to say hello before taking blood pressure in good category (88.9%), the community was able to prepare blood pressure equipment in good category (74.1%), the community was able to prepare client before taking blood pressure in good category (74.1%), and the community was able to taking blood pressure the very good category (63.0%).
Conclusion: The activity of demonstration taking blood pressure by community to predicting cerebral disorders in people with head injury was effective
Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Katamba Cibangu , Onaluwa Philippe Onoya 
Published: June 2022

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a double-stranded DNA hepadnavirus. It is an important cause of acute 5and chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Worldwide about 2 billion people show serological evidence of exposure and about 400 million have active infection. High prevalence areas include sub-Saharan Africa, China, and southeast Asia. HBV was known at onset as the etiology of what is called “serum hepatitis”, this is the most common form of viral hepatitis transmitted parenterally. It is also a cause of both acute and chronic hepatitis of great significance. Hepatitis B virus has an incubation period that varies between 1 and 6 months. The clinical features of acute infection resemble those of the other viral hepatitides. Death from fulminant hepatitis occurs in about 1%. Following acute infection, there is either complete recovery (with long-term immunity) or persistent infection. The latter occurs in 5–10% infected adults, 30% infected children and 90% infants infected at birth; it is more common in the immunocompromised.
Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of multiple primary malignant neoplasms in female patients with breast cancer or genitalia malignancies
Authors: Xiao Li , Cao Tiantian , Ou Jiali , Liang Weijiang 
Published: June 2022

Background
As public awareness of health has increased and diagnostic and treatment options have improved, the survival of patients with malignant tumors has continued to extend, and the population has been aging, the number of multiple primary malignant neoplasms has gradually increased in recent years. There are few reports concerning female patients with multiple primary malignant neoplasms of breast cancer or genitalia malignancies. In this study, we aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of multiple primary malignant neoplasms in female patients with breast cancer or genitalia malignancies, as well as further explore the factors that affect the survival.

Methods
We collected clinical data on 80 female patients diagnosed with multiple primary malignant neoplasms of the breast or genitalia, described their clinical features. Furthermore, we calculated the survival and prognostic factors for 52 participants.

Results
In our study, the prevalence rate of multiple primary malignant neoplasms was 0.66% (367/55404). Corresponding to female patients with multiple primary malignant neoplasms of breast cancer or genitalia malignancies, it was 1.4% (80/5707). the median age of diagnosis for the first tumor was 48 years, and the median age of diagnosis for the second tumor was 52 years. Regarding the interval, 67.57% (50/74) of patients were within five years. Most tumors were located in the breast (44.68%), followed by the uterus (20.21%), the ovary (17.02%), and the cervix (15.96%). The overall 12-, 36-and 60-month survival rates of the patients were 86.4%, 74.3%, and 69.8%. For the female patients, the stage (III–IV) (P = 0.046), non-radical surgery (P = 0.002), and types of the last tumor (breast cancer or genitalia malignancies) (P = 0.019) were associated with the poor prognosis.

Conclusions
Female patients with breast cancer or genital malignancies should pay attention to screening for the second tumor, especially within 4 years after the first tumor diagnosed. Furthermore, during tumor screening, it may be recommended for these patients to focus on colorectal cancer and lung cancer. Compared with previous studies, in addition to clinical staging and types of surgery, we found whether the last tumor was breast cancer or genitalia malignancies should also be considered a prognostic factor.
Faecal Carriage of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Serotype by Free-Ranged and Confined Small Domestic Ruminants within Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Nfongeh Joseph F. , Odonye n Dauda D. , Akhaneregbe Pedro , Adibe Onyemachi O. , Fadayomi Victor K. 
Published: June 2022

Background: The type of animal grazing method to be promulgated into the Federal Legal System has been an issue of controversy following incessant Farmers/Herdsmen clashes in Nigeria. The method to be adopted has to ensure a drastic reduction of common pathogens associated with the consumption of meat and its products notably Escherichia coli O157:H7. This pathogen has regularly been isolated from cattle by researchers while scanty information exists implicating small domestic ruminants especially in Cross River State, Niger Delta Region of Nigeria where ruminant meat is highly consumed. Similar studies on this pathogen associated with small domestic ruminants do not take into consideration all the different grazing methods practiced.
Aim: This study was aimed at investigating the effects of two commonly used grazing methods (free-ranging and confined grazing) on the potentials of fecal carriage of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 by sheep and goats in different locations within Cross River State, Nigeria.
Methodology: A total of 360 fresh recto-anal faecal swap samples each were collected from both confined (penned) and free- ranging goats and sheep within a 5-months sampling duration. Combined culture and serological methods such as growth on sorbitol macconkey agar supplemented with cefixime and tellurite (SMAC-CT), nonfluorescence of 4-Methylumbilliferyl- D-Glucoronide (E. coli-MUG) cultures under uv light at 650nm wavelength, serological identification using ELISA technique and H typing with standard E. coli H7 rabbit antisera were used in the isolation and identification of the pathogen.
Results: Among the various groups of domestic ruminants, free-ranged and confined sheep had highest overall prevalence of 31/180 (17.22%) and 12/180 ( 6.67%) respectively compared to free-ranged and confined goats with overall values of 19/180 ( 10.50%) and 9/180 (5.00%) respectively. Prevalence rates showed no significant difference (P = .05) between confined goats and sheep while significant difference (P =.05) was observed between the free-ranged groups. Also, the monthly values differed significantly at P = .05 between the free-ranged and confined groups.
Conclusion: Confined grazing of ruminants in pens (ranching) significantly reduced the transmission of E. coli O157:H7 by goats and sheep which were highly implicated as possible vehicles within Cross River State, Nigeria.
Assessment of Pragmatics
Authors: Roever Carsten 
Published: June 2022

Testing of second language pragmatics is a relatively new area of language testing but has seen significant growth and development in the past 25 years. Two main streams can be distinguished. The earlier one relies on an atomistic construct of pragmatics and primarily assesses learners' ability to produce and understand speech acts, with later work also integrating other aspects, such as routine formulas and implicature. Learners' ability to use language appropriately in terms of politeness, appropriateness, and situational fit is the main assessment target. A more recent stream takes a more holistic view of pragmatics and assesses learners' interactional abilities through tasks requiring extended conversations, such as role plays and elicited conversations. The targets of assessment are learners' ability to create intersubjectivity in extended talk, perform social actions, and demonstrate sensitivity to social context. While significant research work has taken place in these two traditions, pragmatics is still not formally assessed in large‐scale language tests, probably due to the low practicality of pragmatics assessments, the challenges of creating items difficult enough for high‐proficiency test takers, and the need to attain standardization in interactionally focused tests. A significant amount of research remains to be done in these areas, with testing of pragmatics in languages other than English and the opportunities offered by intelligent agent systems being of particular importance.
Psychotropic medication use and Parkinson's disease risk amongst older women
Authors: Beydoun Hind A. , Saquib Nazmus , Wallace Robert B. , Chen Jiu‐Chiuan , Coday Mace , Naughton Michelle J. , Beydoun May A. , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Zonderman Alan B. , Brunner Robert L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine associations of antidepressant, anxiolytic and hypnotic use amongst older women (≥65 years) with incident Parkinson's Disease (PD), using data from Women's Health Initiative linked to Medicare claims.MethodsPD was defined using self‐report, first diagnosis, medications and/or death certificates and psychotropic medications were ascertained at baseline and 3‐year follow‐up. Cox regression models were constructed to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), controlling for socio‐demographic, lifestyle and health characteristics, overall and amongst women diagnosed with depression, anxiety and/or sleep disorders (DASD).ResultsA total of 53,996 WHI participants (1,756 PD cases)—including 27,631 women diagnosed with DASD (1,137 PD cases)—were followed up for ~14 years. Use of hypnotics was not significantly associated with PD risk (aHR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.16), whereas PD risk was increased amongst users of antidepressants (aHR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.56, 1.96) and anxiolytics (aHR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.73). Compared to non‐users of psychotropic medications, those who used 1 type had ~50% higher PD risk, whereas those who used ≥2 types had ~150% higher PD risk. Women who experienced transitions in psychotropic medication use (‘use to non‐use’ or ‘non‐use to use’) between baseline and 3‐year follow‐up had higher PD risk than those who did not. We obtained similar results with propensity scoring and amongst DASD‐diagnosed women.InterpretationThe use of antidepressants, anxiolytics or multiple psychotropic medication types and transitions in psychotropic medication use was associated with increased PD risk, whereas the use of hypnotics was not associated with PD risk amongst older women.
Enhanced Piezocatalytic Performance of BaTiO3 Nanosheets with Highly Exposed {001} Facets
Authors: Tang Qiao , Wu Jiang , Kim Donghoon , Franco Carlos , Terzopoulou Anastasia , Veciana Andrea , Puigmartí‐Luis Josep , Chen Xiang‐Zhong , Nelson Bradley J. , Pané Salvador 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPiezocatalysis has gradually come into the limelight due to its great potential for solving energy shortages and environmental pollution problems. However, limited piezocatalytic efficiency is a severe bottleneck for its practical applications. Here, well‐defined BaTiO3 nanosheets with highly exposed {001} polar facets are successfully synthesized to enhance the piezocatalytic activity. The [001] piezoelectric polarization can drive the carriers to migrate to the surface along the out‐of‐plane direction. The polar surface provides abundant active sites for the piezocatalytic reaction. As a result, a superior piezocatalytic degradation ratio of organic pollutants is obtained with a high first‐order rate constant k of 0.0835 min−1, which is 2.7 times higher than the BaTiO3 nanoparticles. Furthermore, BaTiO3 nanosheets display an outstanding H2 production capability, with the rate of 305 µmol g−1 h–1, which is almost two times higher than that of BaTiO3 nanoparticles. This work thus provides a novel and comprehensive strategy for designing high‐performance piezocatalysts with an out‐of‐plane polarization, and also provides novel insights for the optimization of the piezocatalytic activity by regulating the polar facet of piezocatalysts.
Self‐Regulation of Spin Polarization Density Propelling the Ion Diffusion Kinetics for Flexible Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xu Mengyao , Zhou Dan , Wu Tianli , Qi Jing , Du Qing , Xiao Zhubing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPotassium ion batteries (PIBs) have aroused intensive research interest owing to their abundant source, low cost, and suitable working potential. Here, a V2C‐VO2 nanoribbon intertwined nanosheet 3D multi‐heterostructure with rich heterointerface and heterojunction is fabricated via a facile solution‐based method for realizing a highly flexible and robust anode material of PIBs. The co‐existence of V2C‐VO2 in the constituent individual nanoribbon and nanosheet generates rich heterojunctions and heterointerfaces in this hetero‐dimensional and multi‐scale heterostructure, which not only constructs interconnected 3D channels for rapid electron/ion transfer and diffusion, but also greatly enhances the structural durability and mechanical robustness. With experimental results and systematical theoretical studies, it is confirmed that the V2C‐VO2 multi‐heterostructure can self‐regulate the spin polarization density of constituent individual V2C and VO2, which propels the K+ ion diffusion kinetics during charge and discharge processes. Consequently, the multi‐heterostructure‐based electrode can maintain a capacity of ≈200 mAh g−1 over repeated 2000 cycles at 1 A g−1. Practically, the flexible full cells exhibit decent electrochemical property under intensive bending conditions, holding great promise for flexible electronic devices.