bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting mortality in nonsurgical patients before cannulation for veno‐arterial extracorporeal life support: Development and validation of the LACT‐8 score
Authors: Hillerson Dustin , Whiteside Hoyle L. , Dugan Adam J. , Coots Riley D. , Tribble Thomas A. , Abdel‐Latif Ahmed , Ogunbayo Gbolahan O. , Duncan Meredith S. , Gupta Vedant A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to derive and validate a model to predict inpatient mortality after veno‐arterial extracorporeal life support (VA‐ECLS) based on readily available, precannulation clinical data.BackgroundRefractory cardiogenic shock supported by VA‐ECLS is associated with high morbidity and mortality.MethodsVA‐ECLS cases at our institution from January 2014 through July 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Exclusion criteria were cannulation: (1) at another institution; (2) for primary surgical indication; or (3) for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Multivariable logistic regression compared those with and without inpatient mortality. Multiple imputation was performed and optimism‐adjusted area under the curve (oAUC) values were computed.ResultsVA‐ECLS cases from August 2019 through November 2020 were identified as a validation cohort. In the derivation cohort (n = 135), the final model included Lactate (mmol/L), hemoglobin (g/dl; Anemia), Coma (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] < 8) and resusciTATEd cardiac arrest (LACTATE score; oAUC = 0.760). In the validation cohort (n = 30, LACTATE showed similar predictability [AUC = 0.710]). A simplified (LACT‐8) score was derived by dichotomizing lactate (>8) and hemoglobin (<8) and summing together the number of components for each patient. LACT‐8 performed similarly (derivation, oAUC = 0.724; validation, AUC = 0.725). In the derivation cohort, both scores outperformed SAVE (oAUC = 0.568) and SOFA (oAUC = 0.699) scores. A LACT‐8 ≥ 3 had a specificity for mortality of 97.9% and 92.9%, in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsThe LACT‐8 score can predict inpatient mortality prior to before cannulation for VA‐ECLS. LACT‐8 can be implemented utilizing clinical data without the need for an online calculator.
Continuous atrial pressure monitoring via steerable guide catheter in transcatheter mitral and tricuspid edge‐to‐edge repair
Authors: Rottländer Dennis , Beucher Harald , Ghaddioui Karim Al , Boekstegers Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTranscatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) has emerged to address severe mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation in patients who are at high perioperative risk for open‐heart surgery. No clinical data is available for continuous left and right atrial pressure monitoring using the steerable guiding catheter (SGC) during TEER. In a prospective single‐center study, 40 patients with severe mitral (n = 20) or tricuspid (n = 20) regurgitation underwent TEER with the registration of atrial pressure via the SGC. All patients had successful TEER using the PASCAL Ace repair system, while atrial pressure was monitored continuously via the SGC. Simultaneous right or left atrial pressure monitoring via the SGC and a pigtail catheter during mitral and tricuspid TEER showed excellent reliability for SGC pressure registration. While for mitral TEER the beneficial effects of continuous atrial pressure monitoring are well known, we further evaluated the outcome of patients with tricuspid TEER. Echocardiographic and clinical results after tricuspid TEER showed a reduction of quantitative echocardiographic tricuspid regurgitation parameters and improved New York Heart Association classification after 3‐month follow‐up. Also, qualitative tricuspid valve assessment showed improved tricuspid regurgitation classification postimplantation and at 3‐month follow‐up. Furthermore, right atrial pressure was reduced by 37.6% and mean right atrial pressure by 30.6% after successful tricuspid TEER using the PASCAL Ace device. Continuous atrial pressure monitoring using the SGC of the PASCAL Ace repair system is reliable during mitral and tricuspid TEER. Furthermore, successful tricuspid TEER leads to reduced right atrial pressure.
The relevance of tricuspid regurgitation in patients undergoing percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation
Authors: Brunner Stephanie , Wolfrum Mathias , Moccetti Federico , Stämpfli Simon F. , Attinger‐Toller Adrian , Bossard Matthias , Matt Peter , Cuculi Florim , Kobza Richard , Toggweiler Stefan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectives Investigate the impact of concomitant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) on clinical outcomes during long‐term follow‐up in patients undergoing percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) with the MitraClip system.BackgroundPatients undergoing mitral repair using the MitraClip frequently present with concomitant TR. It is uncertain how the presence of TR impacts the long‐term outcomes of such patients.MethodsWe analyzed consecutive patients with MitraClip implantation from the prospective MitraSwiss registry. Endpoints were all‐cause mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, and the composite endpoint of the two.ResultsWe enrolled 177 patients (mean age 76 ± 9 years, 37% female). Acute procedural success was achieved in 149 (84%). Concomitant moderate or severe TR was present in 31% at baseline and 32% before discharge. After a median follow‐up of 1103 days (IQR: 555–1766 days), 70 (40%) of patients had died, and 34 (19%) were hospitalized for heart failure. In multivariable analysis, TR at baseline was associated with an increase in all‐cause mortality (HR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.36–4.03, p < 0.01), hospitalization for heart failure (HR: 3.19, 95% CI: 1.37–7.41, p = 0.01), and the composite endpoint (HR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.19−3.36, p = 0.01).ConclusionDespite treatment of MR, TR did not improve in most patients. The presence of relevant TR at baseline was associated with reduced survival and higher rates of hospitalization for heart failure. More research is needed to understand the causal role of TR in such patients and to investigate if simultaneous treatment of concomitant TR may improve prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous treatment of MR.
Case of atypical disseminated herpes zoster in a patient with COVID‐19: A diagnostic challenge in COVID era
Authors: Mohaghegh Fatemeh , Hatami Parvaneh , Aryanian Zeinab 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHerpes Zoster caused by reactivation of latent Varicella–Zoster virus (VZV). The rare disseminated form of it occurred mainly in immunocompromised patients. We hereby present the first case of atypical disseminated herpes zoster in a 54‐year‐old woman admitted with serious COVID. In this case, disseminated herpes zoster developed by purpuric lesions mimicking vasculitis and cutaneous drug reaction. Hence, this case serves as a reminder for considering atypical presentations of cutaneous disorders in immunocompromised patients, especially those affected with severe COVID.
Clinical impact and benefits of a simultaneous cardio‐pulmonary rehabilitation in a COVID‐19‐infected patient following cardiac arrest: A case report
Authors: Lee Mirim , Lee Jeong Jae , Ko Jun young , Kim Yong Kyun , Lee Seungbok 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSince the advent of the pandemic, cardio‐pulmonary rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to be an effective treatment. However, there are no studies showing data to substantiate its simultaneous application. A 62‐year‐old man was resuscitated for asystole during the work‐up after presenting with a 2‐day history of difficulty breathing. PCR test was positive for COVID‐19. He was intubated and admitted to a negative pressure zone. Symptoms improved in response to acute treatment. Following extubation, respiratory distress persisted, and CR was implemented. Clinical indicators of cardiopulmonary function improved resulting in a successful return to community participation. The decline in cardiopulmonary function has been on the rise among COVID‐19 survivors. The simultaneous application of CR treatment in our patient resulted in improved clinical indicators of cardiopulmonary function. The patient regained full function for independent community participation.
Preprocedural imaging for transcatheter mitral valve‐in‐valve replacement: Planning makes perfect
Authors: Van De Bruaene Alexander , De Buck Stijn , Verbrugghe Peter , Dubois Christophe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTranscatheter mitral valve‐in‐valve replacement (TMViVR) in degenerated bioprostheses or valvular rings shows promise as an alternative to surgical MVR in selected high‐risk patients. However, these procedures are particularly challenging given the complex anatomy of the mitral valve apparatus and the surrounding structures, potentially causing LV outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). Preprocedural planning with virtual implantation and planimetric estimation of the neo‐LVOT at end‐systole is crucial for improving procedural results. In this case, we also include a dynamic evaluation of the neo‐LVOT and implement virtual reality imaging for immersive assessment of the implanted valve.
Catalyst‐Free Intermolecular Sulfonyl/Fluoromethyl Heteroarylation of Vinyl Ethers via Visible‐Light‐Induced Charge Transfer
Authors: Long Tianyu , Pan Shiwei , Zhu Shengqing , Chu Lingling 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report a visible‐light‐induced three‐component sulfonyl‐heteroarylation of vinyl ethers with sulfinates and five‐membered heteroaryl chlorides. This protocol proceeds via electron‐donor‐acceptor (EDA) complexes between sulfinates and heteroaryl chlorides, giving β‐sulfonyl alkyl five‐membered heteroarenes with high efficiency and excellent regioselectivity under mild and catalyst‐free conditions. Utilization of CF3SO2Na or CF2HSO2Na as coupling partners further achieves three‐component fluoromethyl‐arylation of vinyl ethers, furnishing a series of valuable CF3/CF2H‐incorporated alkyl heterocycles under mild conditions.
Heterodinuclear Mg(II)M(II) (M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) Complexes for the Ring Opening Copolymerization of Carbon Dioxide/Epoxide and Anhydride/Epoxide
Authors: Reis Natalia V. , Deacy Arron C. , Rosetto Gloria , Durr Christopher B. , Williams Charlotte K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe catalysed ring opening copolymerizations (ROCOP) of carbon dioxide/epoxide or anhydride/epoxide are controlled polymerizations that access useful polycarbonates and polyesters. Here, a systematic investigation of a series of heterodinuclear Mg(II)M(II) complexes reveals which metal combinations are most effective. The complexes combine different first row transition metals (M(II)) from Cr(II) to Zn(II), with Mg(II); all complexes are coordinated by the same macrocyclic ancillary ligand and by two acetate co‐ligands. The complex syntheses and characterization data, as well as the polymerization data, for both carbon dioxide/cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and endo‐norbornene anhydride (NA)/cyclohexene oxide, are reported. The fastest catalyst for both polymerizations is Mg(II)Co(II) which shows propagation rate constants (kp) of 34.7 mM−1 s−1 (CO2) and 75.3 mM−1 s−1 (NA) (100 °C). The Mg(II)Fe(II) catalyst also shows excellent performances with equivalent rates for CO2/CHO ROCOP (kp=34.7 mM−1 s−1) and may be preferable in terms of metallic abundance, low cost and low toxicity. Polymerization kinetics analyses reveal that the two lead catalysts show overall second order rate laws, with zeroth order dependencies in CO2 or anhydride concentrations and first order dependencies in both catalyst and epoxide concentrations. Compared to the homodinuclear Mg(II)Mg(II) complex, nearly all the transition metal heterodinuclear complexes show synergic rate enhancements whilst maintaining high selectivity and polymerization control. These findings are relevant to the future design and optimization of copolymerization catalysts and should stimulate broader investigations of synergic heterodinuclear main group/transition metal catalysts.
Charge Carrier Transport Mechanism in Ta2O5, TaON, and Ta3N5 Studied by Applying Polaron Hopping and Bandlike Models
Authors: Zhao Qianyu , Cui Mengsi , Liu Taifeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTaON and Ta3N5 are considered promising materials for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting. In contrast, their counterpart Ta2O5 does not exhibit good photocatalytic performance. This may be explained with the different charge carrier transport mechanisms in these materials, which are not well understood yet. Herein, we investigate the charge transport properties in Ta2O5, TaON, and Ta3N5 by polaron hopping and bandlike models. First, the polaron binding energies were calculated to evaluate whether the small polaron occurs in these materials. Then we performed calculations to localize the excess carriers as small polarons using a hybrid density functional. We find that the small polaron hopping is the charge transfer mechanism in Ta2O5, whereas our calculations indicate that this mechanism may not occur in TaON and Ta3N5. We also investigated the bandlike model mechanism by calculating the charge carrier mobility of these materials using the effective mass approximation, but the calculated mobility is not consistent with experimental results. This study is a first step towards understanding charge transport in oxynitrides and nitrides and furthermore establishes a simple rule to determine whether a small polaron occurs in a material.
Genetic architecture of yield‐component traits in the new perennial grain crop, intermediate wheatgrass
Authors: Altendorf Kayla Rae , DeHaan Lee R. , Anderson James 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey] (IWG) is a perennial, cool‐season grass species currently undergoing direct domestication as one of the first perennial grain crops. To domesticate and improve this obligately outcrossing allohexaploid (2n = 6x = 42), breeders are using both phenotypic‐ and genomic‐assisted recurrent selection methodologies. Thus far, efforts have focused primarily on improving domestication traits and yield, but breeders are limited by the relatively narrow understanding of the genetic control of these traits. An IWG nested association mapping (NAM) population with 1,168 F1 progeny from 10 families was grown in four unique growing environments (St. Paul, MN, and Salina, KS, in 2017 and 2018) and evaluated for a series of 11 yield‐component traits. Using a population‐specific genetic map and 8,003 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, we used both linkage mapping (LM) and genome‐wide association study (GWAS) to dissect the genetic control of a series of yield‐component traits. We identified 20 significant markers in GWAS and 28 in LM that were detected in at least two environments, several of which were shared across traits. The QTL regions on chromosomes 5 and 9 were significant for eight of 11 traits, and many were detected across multiple analysis methods. The results described herein provide additional resources for incorporating QTL as fixed effects in routine genomic selection pipelines to expedite the gains from selection for yield in this new perennial grain crop.
Versatile Chemical Recycling Strategies: Value‐Added Chemicals from Polyester and Polycarbonate Waste
Authors: Payne Jack M. , Kamran Muhammad , Davidson Matthew G. , Jones Matthew D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractZnII‐complexes bearing half‐salan ligands were exploited in the mild and selective chemical upcycling of various commercial polyesters and polycarbonates. Remarkably, we report the first example of discrete metal‐mediated poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (BPA‐PC) methanolysis being appreciably active at room temperature. Indeed, Zn(2)2 and Zn(2)Et achieved complete BPA‐PC consumption within 12–18 mins in 2‐Me‐THF, noting high bisphenol A (BPA) yields (SBPA=85–91 %) within 2–4 h. Further kinetic analysis found such catalysts to possess kapp values of 0.28±0.040 and 0.47±0.049 min−1 respectively at 4 wt%, the highest reported to date. A completely circular upcycling approach to plastic waste was demonstrated through the production of several renewable poly(ester‐amide)s (PEAs), based on a terephthalamide monomer derived from bottle‐grade poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), which exhibited excellent thermal properties.
Inhibition of renal fibrosis with a human CXCL9‐derived glycosaminoglycan‐binding peptide
Authors: Poosti Fariba , Soebadi Mohammad Ayodhia , Crijns Helena , De Zutter Alexandra , Metzemaekers Mieke , Berghmans Nele , Vanheule Vincent , Albersen Maarten , Opdenakker Ghislain , Van Damme Jo , Sprangers Ben , Proost Paul , Struyf Sofie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesRenal fibrosis accompanies all chronic kidney disorders, ultimately leading to end‐stage kidney disease and the need for dialysis or even renal replacement. As such, renal fibrosis poses a major threat to global health and the search for effective therapeutic strategies to prevent or treat fibrosis is highly needed. We evaluated the applicability of a highly positively charged human peptide derived from the COOH‐terminal domain of the chemokine CXCL9, namely CXCL9(74–103), for therapeutic intervention. Because of its high density of net positive charges at physiological pH, CXCL9(74–103) competes with full‐length chemokines for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding. Consequently, CXCL9(74–103) prevents recruitment of inflammatory leucocytes to sites of inflammation.MethodsCXCL9(74–103) was chemically synthesised and tested in vitro for anti‐fibrotic properties on human fibroblasts and in vivo in the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model.ResultsCXCL9(74–103) significantly reduced the mRNA and/or protein expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and collagen III by transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1‐stimulated human fibroblasts. In addition, administration of CXCL9(74–103) inhibited fibroblast migration towards platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), without affecting cell viability. In the UUO model, CXCL9(74–103) treatment significantly decreased renal α‐SMA, vimentin, and fibronectin mRNA and protein expression. Compared with vehicle, CXCL9(74–103) attenuated mRNA expression of TGF‐β1 and the inflammatory markers/mediators MMP‐9, F4/80, CCL2, IL‐6 and TNF‐α. Finally, CXCL9(74–103) treatment resulted in reduced influx of leucocytes in the UUO model and preserved tubular morphology. The anti‐fibrotic and anti‐inflammatory effects of CXCL9(74–103) were mediated by competition with chemokines and growth factors for GAG binding.ConclusionsOur findings provide a scientific rationale for targeting GAG–protein interactions in renal fibrotic disease.
Landscape heterogeneity filters functional traits of rice arthropods in tropical agroecosystems
Authors: Dominik Christophe , Seppelt Ralf , Horgan Finbarr G. , Settele Josef , Václavík Tomáš 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBiological control services of agroecosystems depend on the functional diversity of species traits. However, the relationship between arthropod traits and landscape heterogeneity is still poorly understood, especially in tropical rice agroecosystems, which harbor a high diversity of often specialized species. We investigated how landscape heterogeneity, measured by three metrics of landscape composition and configuration, influenced body size, functional group composition, dispersal ability, and vertical distribution of rice arthropods in the Philippines. We found that landscape composition and configuration acted to filter arthropod traits in tropical rice agroecosystems. Landscape diversity and rice habitat fragmentation were the two main gradients influencing rice‐arthropod traits, indicating that different rice arthropods have distinct habitat requirements. Whereas small parasitoids and species mostly present in the rice canopy were favored in landscapes with high compositional heterogeneity, predators and medium‐sized species occupying the base of the rice plant, including planthoppers, mostly occurred in highly fragmented rice habitats. We demonstrate the importance of landscape heterogeneity as an ecological filter for rice arthropods, identifying how the different components of landscape heterogeneity selected for or against specific functional traits. However, the contrasting effects of landscape parameters on different groups of natural enemies indicate that not all beneficial rice arthropods can be promoted at the same time when using a single land management strategy. Increasing compositional heterogeneity in rice landscapes can promote parasitoids but may also negatively affect predators. Future research should focus on identifying trade‐offs between fragmented rice habitats and structurally diverse landscapes to maximize the presence of multiple groups of beneficial arthropods.
Azoliums and Ag(I)‐N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Thioglycosides: Synthesis, Reactivity and Bioactivity
Authors: Ryzhakov Dmytro , Beillard Audrey , Le Bideau Franck , Al‐Shuaeeb Riyadh Ahmed Atto , Alami Mouad , Bantreil Xavier , Bonnemoy Aurore , Gautier Arnaud , Lamaty Frédéric , Messaoudi Samir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA versatile protocol for the synthesis of azolium thioglycosides is reported. This protocol is based on a PdG3‐catalyzed Migita cross‐coupling between p‐di‐iodo azoliums and protected or unprotected β‐1‐thioglucose partners. Moreover, a solvent‐free mechanochemistry approach was developed as a unique access to the corresponding Ag(I)‐N‐heterocyclic carbene thioglycosides. Finally, chemical reactivity and antiproliferative bioactivity were examined with azoliums and Ag(I)‐NHC thioglycosides. This study demonstrates a promising potential of these newly synthesized carbohydrate‐based N‐heterocyclic derivatives.
Who's a yea‐sayer? Habitual trust and affirmative response behaviour
Authors: Posten Ann‐Christin , Steinmetz Janina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe test the hypothesis that people who habitually trust others respond more affirmatively to questions (i.e. acquiescence). Six studies explore whether people's habitual tendency to trust others translates into a general acquiescent response bias. By re‐analysing large‐scale cross‐country data, Study 1 shows that participants’ level of habitual trust predicts agreement across multiple and diverse concepts. Studies 2a and 2b show that habitual trust predicts acquiescent responding in classic psychological questionnaires. Habitual trust likewise predicts behavioural acquiescence, such as an agreement to assign monetary awards to others (Study 3) and staying with the suggested default option in a real choice paradigm (Study 4). Furthermore, the relation between habitual trust and acquiescent responding holds across different communication contexts (Study 5). These results imply that habitual trust predicts how individuals respond to questionnaire items that are used across a variety of research domains.
Age stereotyping of gay and heterosexual men: Why does a minority sexual orientation blur the age of old men, in particular?
Authors: Coladonato Rosandra , Bianchi Mauro , Case Federica , Carnaghi Andrea 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis research examined age stereotyping of male individuals displaying intersectional memberships stemming from the combination of age (Young vs. Elderly) and sexual orientation categories (Gay vs. Heterosexual). We found that the age stereotypes of ‘Elderly gay men’ were blurred: ‘Elderly gay men’ were stereotyped less on elderly‐ and more on young‐stereotypical traits than both ‘Elderly heterosexual men’ (Study 1) and ‘Elderly men’ (Studies 2–4). These findings did not occur with any subtype, as was also not the case for ‘Elderly right‐handed men’ (Study 3), but replicate only withatypicalsubtypes (Study 4). Indeed, the blurring of the age stereotypes for ‘Elderly gay men’ was replicated for an additional atypical subtype, ‘Elderly Atheist men’, and amplified when the atypical subtype involved ‘Elderly men’ in combination with ‘Athlete men’, whose stereotypes implied youthful traits (Study 4). The results informed cognitive models of multiple category stereotyping.