bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming during root canal treatment of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial.
Authors: Wu Shengxuan , Chen Minle , Zhao Jian , Li Yang , Wen Cheng , Yang Li , Jiang Qianzhou 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives

The authors of this study aimed to evaluate the effects of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) on antibacterial activity, residual pulp removal and postoperative pain in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis during root canal treatment (RCT).

Materials and Methods

In this superiority randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: ChiCTR2000037446), sixty patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in need of RCT were selected. After preparation, they were randomly assigned into two groups according to final irrigation protocol: conventional needle irrigation (CNI) or PIPS. Bacterial suspensions in root canals were assessed using an Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) assay kit. The effect of root canal irrigation on residual pulp removal was evaluated by NaOCl-induced bubble formation. Patients were asked to register their pain intensity in the visual analogue scale (VAS) document after 1-day and 7-day intervals.

Results

Compared to CNI group, PIPS irrigation showed a greater antibacterial efficacy than the CNI group (P = 0.046). And the PIPS irrigation significantly reduced the NaOCl-induced bubble count(P<0.001). On Day 1 post operation, pain intensity was significantly lower in the PIPS group (0.34 ± 0.75) compared to the CNI group (1.24 ± 1.27) (P = 0.004). NaOCl-induced bubble count showed statistically correlated to the maximum postoperative pain on Day 1 (P<0.001), while the ATP values seemed not to be statistically correlated to the intensity of postoperative pain (P = 0.684).

Conclusions

Irrigation with 1% NaOCl delivered with PIPS could decrease bacterial levels, enhance root canal cleaning effect and lessen postoperative pain after root canal preparation.

Clinical Relevance

The PIPS is a safe and effective final irrigation protocol for teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis during RCT.
Surface and Dimensional Quality of Thermoplastics Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing-based Hybrid Manufacturing
Authors: Mertkan İsmail Ata , Tezel Tugce , Kovan Volkan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The additive manufacturing method is one in which the desired models are created by adding layers on top of each other, and the usage areas are increasing daily. Features such as production flexibility, rapid prototyping, and ease of use that traditional production methods cannot reach play an important role in the widespread use of this technique. However, additive manufacturing also has several shortcomings. Inadequate surface quality and dimensional accuracy are examples of these deficiencies. The hybrid manufacturing method, on the other hand, is a method that emerged as a result of combining different ways to strengthen the weaknesses of production methods. In the study, the deficiencies caused by the fused deposition technique (FDM) were eliminated by integrating the machining method. A hybrid manufacturing machine was produced by adding a cutting edge and a DC motor to the 3D printer. Thus, the sample was printed in each layer, and the surface was smoothed by machining. Based on this basis, polylactic acid (PLA) and carbon fiber-reinforced PLA were produced. The effects of production temperature and layer thickness on surface quality and dimensional accuracy were investigated. As a result of the study, the production parameters that hybrid manufacturing contributes to these features are emphasized. The positive effect of the hybrid approach on size and surface quality has been demonstrated.
An ensemble learning framework based on comprehensive gray matter features for identification of mild cognitive impairment in leukoaraiosis
Authors: Yang Yifeng , Hu Ying , Chen Yang , Gu Weidong , Nie Shengdong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
White matter hyperintensities (WMH), also known as leukoaraiosis (LA), is strongly associated with cognitive impairment and lead to an increased risk of dementia. The purpose of this study is to develop a model to effectively and objectively identify WMH patients with cognitive impairment (WMH-MCI). Firstly, the comprehensive multiple cortical morphological measurements were extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to enrich the disease characterization information. Then, based on the general eXtreme Gradient Boosting classifier (XGBoost), we designed a data-level fusion resampling method (Fusion + XGBoost) and an algorithm-level focal loss improved XGBoost model (FL-XGBoost), respectively, to solve the imbalance learning problem of classifying WMH-MCI (minority class of 27 samples) and the WMH population without cognitive impairment (WMH-nCI, majority class of 70 samples). Moreover, an ensemble framework based on weighted soft-voting was developed to combine the two models to further improve the overall classification performance and stability of the model. Compared with the baseline XGBoost model trained on the original imbalance dataset (Bacc: 78.20%), both the Fusion + XGBoost model (Bacc: 80.53%) and the FL-XGBoost model (Bacc: 81.25%) could improve the identification accuracy of WMH-MCI, the improvements were 2.33% and 3.05%, respectively. The overall model accuracy with weighted ensemble learning achieved 84.80%, with high sensitivity (85.50%) and specificity (84.14%) at the same time, which was better than that of the single model and significantly improved than the baseline model. The developed model could accurately identify the cognitive impairment in the WMH population, which could assist early clinical diagnosis and timely decision-making.
Exploring professionalism through interdisciplinary group creativity and diversity: A case study
Authors: Cham Kwang Meng , Polster Anu , Morrow Guy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: This article examines group creativity and diversity across healthcare and non-healthcare disciplines and how they can assist students in constructing their own understandings and knowledge of professionalism.
Methods: A total of 30 students from different tertiary levels and across disciplines participated in the study. They explored either a gallery or museum and examined an artefact relating to professionalism. We evaluated whether and how students experienced this activity as enhancing their creativity and learnings of professionalism via survey results and thematic analyses of their reflective essays and semi-structured interviews.
Results: Our findings showed that the group work increased students’ understandings of professionalism and their appreciation of the perspectives and skills of one another. The creative aspect of the task was fun and engaging, and group diversity enabled different opinions and perspectives to be heard and shared. This is analogous to a professional working environment. Themes generated from the essays were: (a) intrinsic motivation, (b) diversity, (c) learnings of professionalism, and (d) challenge encountered.
Conclusions: The results of this research will make a meaningful contribution to existing literature by empirically demonstrating that students from different disciplines could better construct their own understandings of professionalism when their learning activities were performed in an authentically creative and diverse setting. This educational concept is underpinned by different types of creativities that are not mutually exclusive. It is hoped that this first piece of evidence will stimulate more studies on utilizing group creativity and diversity in healthcare education.
Trial registration: Not applicable.
Community ecology and functional potential of bacteria, archaea, eukarya and viruses in Guerrero Negro microbial mat
Authors: Maza-Márquez Paula , Lee Michael D. , Bebout Brad M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Guerrero Negro microbial mat is one of the best studied microbial mat ecosystems; however, the vertical functional organization has been less well studied.
In this study, the microbial ecology, environmentally relevant adaptations and the potential evolutionary interlinking of the responsible genes between bacterial, archaeal and viral lineages in Guerrero Negro (GN) microbial mat were investigated using metagenomic sequencing across a vertical transect at millimeter scale. Through metagenomics, the current study provides a taxonomic description of the vertical taxonomic organization as well as a functional organization delineated between bacteria, archaea, eukarya and viruses in a GN microbial mat – revealing new insights into the ecology of these communities.
Results: The community composition based on the number of unique genes recovered (n) and coverages (c) comprised bacteria (98.06 / 98.71 % n/c), archaea (1.82 / 1.19 % n/c), eukarya (0.07 / 0.07 % n/c) and viruses (0.05 / 0.03 % n/c). The greatest coverages of genes of bacteria and eukarya were detected in first layers, while the highest coverages of genes of archaea and viruses were found in deeper layers. Many genes potentially related to adaptation to the local environment (e.g., UV radiation, multidrug resistance, oxidative stress, and heavy metals) were detected. Those genes were found in bacterial, archaeal and viral lineages totalling 3255, 44, and 1 genes, respectively. We employed phylogenetics in order to investigate the evolutionary histories of genes with similar functional annotations that were taxonomically classified as coming from bacteria, archaea and viruses.
Conclusions: A gene-focused analysis of bacteria, archaea, eukarya, and viruses showed a vertical partitioning of the community, both in taxonomic affinity and function. The presence of genes potentially involved in adaptation to environmental conditions may have implications and resilience to stress conditions. Phylogenetic analyses showed an interlinking between domains, where genes taxonomically classified as archaea and viruses formed clades suggesting they were phylogenetically relatively closely related to genes present in bacteria lineages – potentially indicating horizontal gene transfer in GN mat.
Edaravone alleviates hypoxia-induced injury by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in HTR-8/SVneo cells
Authors: Liu Xin , Wan Jun , Wang Jingming , Xiao Diming , Wei Ming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to discuss the possible therapeutic effect of EDA against hypoxia-induced injury in preeclampsia.
Materials and methods
Placenta tissues were isolated from pregnant women with or without preeclampsia (PE), and the levels of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α), P-AKT, AKT and PI3K proteins were analyzed by western blotting. The human trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo was treated with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to establish an in vitro anoxia model. The proliferation, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates in the anoxic cells with/out EDA treatment were measured by standard techniques.
Results
HIF-1α, P-AKT, AKT and PI3K protein levels were significantly higher in the placenta of the PE revlative to the control group. EDA alleviated the CoCl2-induced decrease in the viability of HTR-8/SVneo cells, along with apoptosis and ROS production. EDA also reversed the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway in the CoCl2-treated trophoblasts.
Conclusion
EDA protected trophoblasts against hypoxic injury by blocking the PI3K/AKT pathway and is a promising therapeutic option for PE.
Utilising electrodermal activity sensor signals to quantify nociceptive response during movement activities.
Authors: Hamilton Rebecca I. , Garcia Ashly Alava , Bowd Jake , Hamilton David , Mason Deborah , Elliott Mark , Holt Cathy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective

With an increasingly ageing population and osteoarthritis prevalence, the quantification of nociceptive signals responsible for painful movements and individual responses could lead to better treatment and monitoring solutions. Changes in electrodermal activity (EDA) can be detected via changes in skin conductance (SC) and measured using finger electrodes on a wearable sensor, providing objective information for increased physiological stress response.

Results

To provide EDA response preliminary data, this was recorded with healthy volunteers on an array of activities while receiving a noxious stimulus. This provides a defined scenario that can be utilised as protocol feasibility testing. Raw signal extraction, processing and statistical analysis was performed using mean SC values on all participant data. Extra exploratory analysis on a case study was incorporated using various decomposition tools. The application of the stimuli resulted in a 35% average increase in mean SC with considerable gender differences in SC and self-reported pain scores. Though EDA parameters are a promising tool for nociceptive response indicators, limitations including motion artifact sensitivities and lack of previous movement-based EDA published data result in restricted analysis understanding. Refined processing pipelines with signal decomposition tools will be necessary to incorporate into a protocol that quantifies nociceptive response clinically meaningfully.
Machine Learning in Failure Prediction in Breathalyzers
Authors: Santos Ana Gleice , Carmo Luiz F. R. da C. , Prado Charles B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To reduce accidents and deaths on roads, several countries have established laws that consider driving under the influence as a traffic violation [1, 2]. In Brazil, the instruments have to be in accordance with the OIML (R126) [3]. Errors in readings can result in unfair punishment if shows values above or below the real concentration. This study focused on identifying the probability of instrument failure before it ocurrs. This study addresses the use of classification models to predict failures that may occur between periodic checks performed every 12 months. The results showed the extra tree classifier model exhibited the best result, with an accuracy and precision of 75 and 77%, respectively. Machine learning models in metrological control is an alternative to add measurement reliability, providing legal certainty for the imposed infractions, and more accurately identifying drivers under the influence of alcohol and removing them from the roads.
First report of the prevalence and molecular identification of Cryptosporidium spp. in mithun (Bos frontalis) in Yunnan Province, southwestern China
Authors: Zhuang Erjun , Yue Feng-jiao , Chen Yuan-teng , Li Hai-long 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mithun (Bos frontalis) is a rare bovine species that is distributed in Yunnan Province, southwestern China. However, the prevalence of that species in mithun is still poorly understood. The prevalence and species of Cryptosporidium spp. in the fecal matters in mithun were examined at 5 locations in Yunnan province, southwestern China. On the basis of the analysis of the 18S rRNA gene by nested PCR (nPCR), followed by DNA sequencing, 39 (6.24%) of 625 fecal specimens collected from 5 locations were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. In different locations, the Cryptosporidium spp. has prevalence rates ranging from 1.27–10.04%, with statistical differences between the five locations (P < 0.05). In four seasons, the Cryptosporidium spp. has prevalence rates ranging from 0 to 15.60%, with obvious differences between the four seasons (P < 0.001). Four Cryptosporidium species were found, known as Cryptosporidium struthionis (n = 18), Cryptosporidium andersoni (n = 10), Cryptosporidium ryanae (n = 1), and Cryptosporidium sp. (n = 10). Until now this is the only report to examine the prevalence and molecular identification of Cryptosporidium spp. in mithun in Yunnan province, southwestern China, which affects public health safety and should be prevented by appropriate measures.
Lysosomal dysfunction in Schwann cells is involved in bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Wu Zhanxun , Yan Wenping , Wang Ke , Xu Genghua , Zhu Danyan , Li Xuyun , Wang Huafeng , Yang Min , Zhang Xiangnan , Wu Jiaying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bortezomib (BTZ) is a proteasome inhibitor serves as a first-line drug for multiple myeloma treatment. BTZ-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN) is the most common adverse effect of BTZ with an incidence as high as 40%-60%. However, the pathological mechanisms underlying BIPN remain largely unclear. BTZ leads to dramatic Schwann cell demyelination in sciatic nerves. Previous studies implied that myelin debris was predominantly degraded via autophagy-lysosome pathway in Schwann cells. However, the association of autophagy with BIPN has not been made. Mice were treated with BTZ (2 mg/kg, i.v.) on Day1 and Day4 each week for continuous 4 weeks. BTZ-treated mice showed enhanced mechanical hyperalgesia, decreased tail nerve conduction and sciatic nerve demyelination. Unexpectedly, BTZ led to the accumulation of autophagic vesicles, LC3-II and p62 in the sciatic nerve. Moreover, BTZ blocked autophagic flux in RSC96 Schwann cells as determined by mcherry-GFP-LC3 assay, suggesting BTZ may impair lysosomal function rather than inducing autophagy in Schwann cells. BTZ significantly reduced the lysosomal activity in Schwann cells as determined by reduced LysoTracker Red and DQ-Red-BSA staining and increased the level of immature Cathepsin B (CTSB). Remarkably, lysosomal activators PP242 and Torin1, significantly reversed the blockage of autophagic flux by BTZ. We further verified that Torin1 rescued the demyelination, nerve conduction and reduced the mechanical hyperalgesia in BIPN mice. Additionally, Torin1 did not compromise the efficacy of BTZ in suppressing multiple myeloma RPMI8226 cell. Taken together, we identified that lysosomal dysfunction in Schwann cells caused by BTZ is involved in the BIPN pathology. Improved lysosomal function in Schwann cells can be a promising strategy for BIPN treatment.
Study of the Distribution of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Production Areas as well as the Factors Affecting Yield and Quality
Authors: Cui Xinping , Lou Lin , Zhang Yan , Yan Binbin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Wild licorice in China is mainly distributed in northern China, such as Gansu, Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia Provinces. The origin of wild licorice has varied among historical periods. The origin of cultivated licorice in 59.26% of the cities that possess it was the same as that of wild licorice. The distribution of cultivated licorice was shifted to the northwest relative to that of wild licorice. Substantial variation was observed in the yield and quality of cultivated licorice in different production areas in China, and geographic variation was observed from west to east. The same batch of licorice seedlings was planted at 8 sites overlapping the main licorice production areas in China. The yield and quality of licorice in Baicheng experimental plot were low. The yield of licorice in the Jingtai and Altay experimental plots was high, but the quality was poor. The quality of licorice in Chifeng and Yuzhong experimental sites was high, but the yield was low. The HPLC fingerprint similarity of licorice samples from Baicheng, Jilin, and Suide, Shaanxi was low. Principal component analysis of environmental and soil factors generated five characteristic roots with a cumulative contribution rate of 80%, three of which were related to soil and referred to as the soil charge factor, soil water factor, and soil nutrient factor. The load coefficients of the water and nutrient factor were the largest, indicating that soil conditions had a substantial effect on the yield and quality of cultivated licorice. Soil conditions, especially water and nutrients, might have a substantial effect on the observed changes in the licorice production area. Generally, the regulation of water and nutrients merits special attention when selecting areas for the production and cultivation of licorice.
Automated Cornea Diagnosis using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks based on Cornea Topography Maps
Authors: Fassbind Benjamin , Langenbucher Achim , Streich Andreas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cornea topography maps allow ophthalmologists to screen and diagnose cornea pathologies. We aimto automatically identify any cornea abnormalitiesbased on such cornea topography maps, with focus on diagnosing keratoconus. A set of 1946 consecutive screening scans from the Saarland University Hospital Clinic for Ophthalmology was annotated and used for model training and validation. All scans were recorded witha CASIA2 anterior segment Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) scanner.We propose to represent the OCT scans as images and apply Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the automatic analysis. The developed model is based on a state-of-the-art ConvNeXt CNN architecture with weights fine-tuned for the given specific application using the cornea scans dataset. On a new dataset, our model achieves a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 97% when distinguishing between Healthy and Pathological corneas. While a comparison to previous work is intricate due tosignificant variations in the experimental setup, our model outperforms other published studies, either in terms of detection performance, and/or in terms of number of potential cornea abnormalities the model can identify. Furthermore, the proposed approach is independent of the topography scanner and allows to visually represent scan regions that drive the models' decision.
Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and bleeding in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: A multicentre cohort of Chinese population
Authors: Wen-fei He , Zi-jing Lin , Peng-yuan Chen , Yuan-hui Liu , Chong-yang Duan , Li-huan Zeng , Ze-huo Lin , Zhi-qiang Guo , Jian-fang Luo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and bleeding risk in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between bleeding events and different hs-CRP levels in patients with non-ST elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS).
Methods
This study retrospectively included 2583 adults with NSTE-ACS between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014, at 5 medical centres in China. The primary outcome was major bleeding, defined by the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium definition (grades 3–5).
Results
Fifty-three (2.1%) patients experienced major bleeding in the hospital. Patients with hs-CRP levels greater than 8.20 mg/L had the highest incidence of in-hospital major bleeding (25 (3.9%), P < 0.001) compared with the other groups. Multivariable analysis indicated that hs-CRP was an independent factor associated with in-hospital major bleeding (continuous: adjusted OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.01–1.02, P < 0.001; quartiles: adjusted OR for quartile 4 (referring to quartile 1) = 3.71, 95% CI: 1.35 ~ 10.23, P = 0.011), which was further confirmed by subgroup analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves. The restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated an S-shaped association between hs-CRP and major bleeding. During the 5-year follow-up, there was a significantly high risk of bleeding in patients with higher hs-CRP levels.
Conclusion
Higher hs-CRP level at admission in NSTE-ACS patients is associated with high risk of in-hospital major bleeding. An S-shaped association was found between hs-CRP and bleeding events. Further studies are warranted to optimize antithrombotic drug therapy in high-bleeding risk patients during follow-up.