bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reasons affecting the uptake of reproductive genetic carrier screening among nonpregnant reproductive‐aged women in Flanders (Belgium)
Authors: Van Steijvoort Eva , Demuynck Remke , Peeters Hilde , Vandecruys Hilde , Verguts Jasper , Peeraer Karen , Matthijs Gert , Borry Pascal 
Published: April 2022

AbstractReproductive genetic carrier screening (RGCS) allows to identify couples who have an increased likelihood of conceiving a child affected with an autosomal recessive or X‐linked monogenic condition. Multiple studies have reported on a wide and fragmented set of reasons to accept or decline RGCS. Only a few studies have been performed to assess the uptake of RGCS. Nonpregnant women visiting their gynecologist were invited to complete a questionnaire assessing perceived susceptibility, the acceptability of offering RGCS, attitudes, the intention to participate in RGCS, reasons to accept or decline RGCS, and sociodemographic characteristics. Women who showed the intention to have RGCS were asked to consider a free RGCS offer. Most women (n = 127) were between 25 and 34 years old (60%), in a relationship (91%), and wanted to have children (65%). Study participants had positive attitudes towards RGCS and the intention to consider RGCS in the future. Reasons to accept RGCS were being able to share genetic information with children or relatives (n = 104/127, 82%), to prevent the birth of a child affected with a hereditary condition (n = 103/127, 81%), and/or to know the chance of conceiving a child with a hereditary condition (n = 102/127, 80%). Reasons for declining RGCS were the possible concerns that could arise when receiving test results (n = 27/127, 21%), having no family history of hereditary disorders (n = 19/127, 15%), and not wanting to take action based on test results (n = 13/127, 10%). Among test intenders that met the inclusion criteria, 53% decided to participate in RGCS together with their male reproductive partner. More in‐depth research on the decision‐making process behind the choice to accept or decline an RGCS offer would be highly valuable to make sure couples are making informed reproductive choices.
Building resilience in the chars of Bangladesh: An impact assessment
Authors: Misha Farzana , Shahed Syeda Sitwat , Wagner Natascha , Bedi Arjun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecent evidence highlights that integrated interventions have sustainable impacts on household welfare. This paper evaluates the ‘Char Development and Settlement Program,’ which targets marginalized, coastal populations of Bangladesh and is implemented by the NGO BRAC, which pioneers integrated programs in over 20 countries. The analysis exploits household panel data (2012, 2016) for over 2500 households living in 11 chars to measure the impact of a programme, comprising microfinance, health services and legal aid. Employing a difference‐in‐difference approach, we find considerable, programme‐induced increases in consumption, food security and legal awareness suggesting that an integrated ‘big push’ is efficient for poverty alleviation.
Evaluation of interleukin‐38 levels in serum of patients with coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Al‐bassam Wasan W. , Al‐Karaawi Ibtihal A. , Sharquie Inas K. , Ad'hiah Ali H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInterleukin‐38 (IL‐38) has recently been considered as a cytokine with anti‐inflammatory properties in viral respiratory infections, particularly coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19), but the evidence has not been well elucidated. Therefore, a case‐control study was conducted to determine IL‐38 serum levels in 148 patients with COVID‐19 (45 moderate, 55 severe, and 48 critical) and 113 controls. Results demonstrated that IL‐38 levels did not show significant differences between patients and controls (68.7 [interquartile range: 62.7–75.6] vs. 67.7 [58.0–82.6] pg/ml; probability = 0.457). Similarly, patients stratified by disease severity, age group, gender, or chronic disease showed no significant differences between IL‐38 levels in each stratum. Whereas, overweight/obese patients had a significantly lower median of IL‐38 compared to normal‐weight patients. Further, IL‐38 showed significantly higher levels in the age group ≥50 years of patients with critical illness than in the age group <50 years. Female patients with severe disease also showed significantly elevated levels of IL‐38 compared to male patients. In conclusion, the study indicated that serum IL‐38 levels were not affected by COVID‐19 infection, but the distribution of patients according to disease severity, age, gender, and body mass index may better reveal the role of IL‐38 in disease pathogenesis.
Immunogenicity correlation in cynomolgus monkeys between Luminex‐based total IgG immunoassay and pseudovirion‐based neutralization assay for a 14‐valent recombinant human papillomavirus vaccine
Authors: Bei Lei , Zhang Xiao , Meng Dan , Gao Shuman , Jia Jilei , Zhao Dandan , Luo Chunxia , Li Xuefeng , Qiu Hongbin , Xie Liangzhi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA new virus‐like particle based vaccine covering 14 types of high‐risk and disease‐inducing human papillomavirus (HPV) can offer better coverage against HPV‐induced diseases, particularly cervical cancers. However, the assessment of immunogenicity of the vaccine is an important task, representing not only its significant clinical characteristics, but also a major challenge, in terms of both the suitability of methods and the clinical sample testing throughput supporting clinical development. This work covers the development and evaluation of a method based on Luminex technology (a coded‐bead and flow‐cytometric approach) to assess the HPV‐type specific total immunoglobulin G (IgG). This method can evaluate the antibodies in sera post immunization against multiple types of HPV simultaneously (i.e., with multiplexing capability), save time and cost, and improve test throughput with higher sensitivity and precision than the classical, plate‐based enzyme‐linked immunoassay and competitive Luminex‐based immunoassays. Using cynomolgus monkeys as model, we demonstrated the good correlation between the results from the pseudovirion‐based neutralization assay (PBNA), and the Luminex‐based total IgG assay, supporting that the latter method can be considered as a viable, dependable replacement method for the PBNA supporting immunogenicity evaluation of HPV vaccine in preclinical development and clinical investigation.
Visual search during dynamic displays: Effects of velocity and motion direction
Authors: Tong Mu , Chen Shanguang , Niu Yafeng , Wu Jinchun , Tian Jingze , Xue Chengqi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe visual search performance during dynamic environment has been demonstrated that could be affected by the motion of target and distractors. In present study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of motion direction and velocity on visual search on screen. In Experiment 1, participants were required to complete the search task at three velocities(2, 8, and 16 deg/s) and four directions of motion(up, down, left, right). In Experiment 2, participants finished the more difficult visual search tasks within two directions (right, left) at higher velocities (16, 24, and 32 deg/s). The experiments revealed that the increase of velocity on the screen has a negative effect on the visual search performance, and when the velocity is higher than 8 deg/s, search times for horizontally moving images were shorter than those for vertically moving images. Furthermore, the difference in search performance could also be found in left‐moving and right‐moving images with the increase of velocity. Right‐moving images were proved to correspond to higher visual search performance. In addition, eye movement data indicated that saccade amplitude and saccade velocity might be responsible for this difference. The results of this study can be applied to industrial inspection, safety inspection, driving, and other fields.
Comparison of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Between 2 Subclinical Atherosclerosis Measures in Healthy Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Karim Roksana , Xu Wenrui , Kono Naoko , Li Yanjie , Yan Mingzhu , Stanczyk Frank Z. , Hodis Howard N. , Mack Wendy J. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesAlthough carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT) is a widely used determinant of subclinical atherosclerosis, gray‐scale median of the intima‐media complex (IM‐GSM) of the common carotid artery is a relatively novel measure of echogenicity reflecting composition of the arterial wall. It is important to compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor correlates across CIMT and IM‐GSM to determine whether these measures reflect distinct aspects of atherosclerosis.MethodsBaseline information from a completed randomized clinical trial of 643 healthy postmenopausal women without clinically apparent CVD was included in this cross‐sectional study. The women were on average ± SD 61 ± 7 years old, and predominantly non‐Hispanic White. CIMT and IM‐GSM were measured by high‐resolution B‐mode ultrasonogram in the far wall of the right common carotid artery. CVD risk factors including age, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking, weekly hours of physical activity, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), lipids, glucose, and inflammatory markers were measured at baseline. Linear regression models were used to assess associations of CVD risk factors with CIMT and IM‐GSM. Multivariable models included groups of risk factors added one at a time with and withoutbasic demographic factors (age, race, BMI, physical activity) with model R2 values compared between CIMT and IM‐GSM.ResultsIn multivariable analysis, age, Black race, BMI, SBP, and DBP were associated with CIMT (all P < .05), whereas age, Hispanic race, BMI, SBP, physical activity, LDL‐cholesterol, and leptin were correlates of IM‐GSM (all P < .05). Adjusted for age, race, BMI, and physical activity, the R2 value for SBP was greater for CIMT association, whereas R2 values for lipids, glucose, inflammatory markers, and adipokines were greater for IM‐GSM associations.ConclusionsCIMT and IM‐GSM assess different attributes of subclinical atherosclerosis. Integrating both measures may provide improved assessment of atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals.
Removal of Small Cavernous Hemangioma in Orbital Apex Through an Endoscopic Transethmoidal‐Sphenoidal Approach
Authors: Zhou Guangming , Pan Zhaoqi , Tu Yunhai , Yu Bo , Shi Jieliang , Wu Ende , Wu Wencan 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of an endoscopic transethmoidal‐sphenoidal approach in removing a small cavernous hemangioma (CH) located in the deep lateral orbital apex.MethodsThis study involved 19 patients diagnosed with a CH located in the deep lateral orbital apex. All patients underwent an endoscopic transethmoidal‐sphenoidal approach for removal of the CH. The best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual field, and surgery‐related complications were analyzed and compared.ResultsAll tumors in this study were completely removed. The mean BCVA was LogMAR 0.97 ± 0.97 preoperatively and LogMAR 0.38 ± 0.64 postoperatively (p < 0.05). The mean visual field index was 52.26% ± 33.26% preoperatively and 75.47% ± 30.49% postoperatively (p < 0.05). The mean deviation index was −17.48 ± 12.43 dB preoperatively and −10.10 ± 10.85 dB postoperatively (p < 0.05), and the pattern standard deviation was 6.37 ± 3.77 dB preoperatively and 4.90 ± 3.56 dB postoperatively (p > 0.05). Four (21.1%) patients developed oculomotor limitations and two (10.5%) patients developed ptosis after surgery. All of these symptoms resolved spontaneously, and no other complications occurred. The mean follow‐up time was 6.71 ± 3.89 months.ConclusionThe endoscopic transethmoidal‐sphenoidal approach is an effective and minimally invasive treatment for removing small CH in the deep lateral orbital apex.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:1743–1749, 2022
Electrodeposited Alginate‐Based Green Synthesis of CuS Nanoparticles and Nanocomposite Films for Electrochemical and Colorimetric Detection
Authors: Wang Kanglong , Liu Yueqian , Li Duanming , Zhang Anyang , Mo Pingping , Liu Jun , Wang Yifeng , Chen Yanjun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCuS nanoparticles (NPs) and CuS NPs/alginate nanocomposite films are prepared using a novel method based on the coordinated electrodeposition of alginate. This method exquisitely utilizes the coordination of alginate with Cu2+ ions to carry out the electrodeposition, and alginate as the stabilizer for CuS NPs and the major ingredient in the nanocomposite film. Thus, the method has many advantages such as facile operation, green route, mild conditions, and convenient post‐treatment. After the electrodeposition, a smooth and homogeneous film has been electrodeposited on the anodic electrode. Transmission electron microscopy observation reveals that there are nanoparticles (the average size of 6.0 nm) in the electrodeposited film. The results from spectral analysis further confirm the existence of CuS NPs. The CuS NPs/alginate nanocomposite film modified electrode can be directly constructed by taking advantage of the electrodeposition, which shows the electrochemical detection capability towards H2O2 and hydroquinone. The CuS NPs/alginate nanocomposite film also possesses the colorimetric detection capability toward H2O2 and dopamine. Therefore, this study offers a green and convenient method for fabricating CuS NPs and nanocomposite films, which is promising for applications in functional nanocomposites and detection fields.
Big data accumulation for tensile test evaluation of polypropylene sheets following as thickness and strain rate variation
Authors: Kim K.J. , Kim T.‐K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe tensile properties of the polypropylene sheet having a thickness of 1, 2, and 3 mm were examined. It was tested at an initial strain rate of 5×10−4/s of the specimen was processed to 0°, 45° and 90° in the rolling direction. In addition, the tensile test was conducted in a tensile test (5×10−4/s, 5×10−3/s and 5×10−2/s) at various strain rates to evaluate the strain rate sensitivity. The experimental results were relatively reproducible, and the thicker the thickness, the higher the intensity. In addition, the polypropylene sheet showed some anisotropy depending on the rolling direction. Experimental results showed that the strain rate sensitivity was not affected by the difference in thickness.
Shrinkage simulation of blow molded parts using viscoelastic material models
Authors: Michels P. , Bruch O. , Evers‐Dietze B. , Grotenburg D. , Ramakers‐van Dorp E. , Altenbach H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe utilization of simulation procedures is gaining increasing attention in the product development of extrusion blow molded parts. However, some simulation steps, like the simulation of shrinkage and warpage, are still associated with uncertainties. The reason for this is on the one hand a lack of standardized interfaces for the transfer of simulation data between different simulation tools, and on the other hand the complex time‐, temperature‐ and process‐dependent material behavior of the used semi crystalline polymers. Using a new vendor neutral interface standard for the data transfer, the shrinkage analysis of a simple blow molded part is investigated and compared to experimental data. A linear viscoelastic material model in combination with an orthotropic process‐ and temperature‐dependent thermal expansion coefficient is used for the shrinkage prediction. A good agreement is observed. Finally, critical parameters in the simulation models that strongly influence the shrinkage analysis are identified by a sensitivity study.
Determination and evaluation of cohesive element parameters for the progressive delamination analysis
Authors: Yoon D.H. , Lee S.R. , Kim J.H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrediction of the interlaminar fracture behavior of composite materials is important because it occurs at significantly lower loads than the usual mechanical strength of composite materials. To perform progressive delamination analysis, several cohesive properties should be obtained from experimental results. To conduct the mixed‐mode delamination simulation, the Benzeggagh‐Kenane criterion constant should be derived from the experimentally obtained total strain energy release rate‐mode mixture plot. In this study, a series of processes to perform progressive delamination analysis were carried out. Modes I, II, and mixed mode (I+II) interlaminar fracture tests were conducted, and the cohesive properties were obtained using Turon's methodology. The quadratic stress criterion, linear softening behavior, and Benzeggagh‐Kenane criterion were used to perform progressive delamination analysis. The predicted delamination behavior correlated well with experimental results.
Characterisation of the thermal ageing effects on the mechanical properties when reusing polyamide 12 in the selective laser sintering process
Authors: du Maire P. , Sert E. , Deckert M. , Johlitz M. , Öchsner A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is one of the key technologies for the future production of complex and individualised components. One of the most challenging questions to minimize the production cost is the reuse of the powder leftover after the building process. This study investigates the influence on the mechanical properties when reusing the leftover powder out of the process chamber up to four times. Tensile test specimens are produced and investigated. The results show a decreasing in the ultimate tensile strength with repeated reuse of the leftover powder. After four times of reuse the strength increases again. This cannot be explained by the literature and has to be verified in further investigations. The investigations reveal a high mechanical anisotropy as the strength highly depends on the component orientation in the process chamber. The particle shape does not show any differences between virgin and aged powder under the scanning electron microscope.
Development of a topology‐optimized indoor crane trolley for additive manufacturing
Authors: Butze M. , Sert E. , Öchsner A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the help of additive manufacturing, almost any geometry can be produced. Even those that are impossible or difficult to produce using conventional manufacturing techniques. Topology optimization offers the possibility of designing such geometries and thus also provides added technical value. Therefore, combining those two techniques allows the advantages of each field to be fully exploited. Using a practical example, the housing of a trolley of a smooth‐running crane system, this paper gives an idea of how the process can look like and what needs to be taken into account during implementation. Here it is shown that when considering a system with multiple interfaces to surrounding components, taking into account defined boundary conditions is not possible and a substitute model must be created, which requires a correction of the result.
Comparison of Actinobacteria communities from human‐impacted and pristine karst caves
Authors: Buresova‐Faitova Andrea , Kopecky Jan , Sagova‐Mareckova Marketa , Alonso Lise , Vautrin Florian , Moënne‐Loccoz Yvan , Rodriguez‐Nava Veronica 
Published: April 2022

AbstractActinobacteria are important cave inhabitants, but knowledge of how anthropization and anthropization‐related visual marks affect this community on cave walls is lacking. We compared Actinobacteria communities among four French limestone caves (Mouflon, Reille, Rouffignac, and Lascaux) ranging from pristine to anthropized, and within Lascaux Cave between marked (wall visual marks) and unmarked areas in different rooms (Sas‐1, Passage, Apse, and Diaclase). In addition to the 16S rRNA gene marker, 441 bp fragments of the hsp65 gene were used and an hsp65‐related taxonomic database was constructed for the identification of Actinobacteria to the species level by Illumina‐MiSeq analysis. The hsp65 marker revealed higher resolution for species and higher richness (99% operational taxonomic units cutoff) versus the 16S rRNA gene; however, more taxa were identified at higher taxonomic ranks. Actinobacteria communities varied between Mouflon and Reille caves (both pristine), and Rouffignac and Lascaux (both anthropized). Rouffignac displayed high diversity of Nocardia, suggesting human inputs, and Lascaux exhibited high Mycobacterium relative abundance, whereas Gaiellales were typical in pristine caves and the Diaclase (least affected area of Lascaux Cave). Within Lascaux, Pseudonocardiaceae dominated on unmarked walls and Streptomycetaceae (especially Streptomyces mirabilis) on marked walls, indicating a possible role in mark formation. A new taxonomic database was developed. Although not all Actinobacteria species were represented, the use of the hsp65 marker enabled species‐level variations of the Actinobacteria community to be documented based on the extent of anthropogenic pressure. This approach proved effective when comparing different limestone caves or specific conditions within one cave.
Neuropsychological Functioning in Primary Dystonia: Updated and Expanded Multidomain Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Aita Stephen L. , Del Bene Victor A. , Marotta Dario A. , Pizer Jasmin H. , Hawley Nanako A. , Niccolai Lindsay , Walker Harrison C. , Gerstenecker Adam , Martin Roy C. , Clay Olivio J. , Crowe Michael , Triebel Kristen L. , Hill Benjamin D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary dystonia is conventionally considered as a motor disorder, though an emerging literature reports associated cognitive dysfunction.ObjectivesHere, we conducted meta‐analyses on studies comparing clinical measures of cognition in persons with primary dystonia and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and PsycINFO (January 2000–October 2020). Analyses were modeled under random effects. We used Hedge's g as a bias‐corrected estimate of effect size, where negative values indicate lower performance in dystonia versus controls. Between‐study heterogeneity and bias were primarily assessed with Cochran's Q, I2, and Egger's regression.ResultsFrom 866 initial results, 20 studies met criteria for analysis (dystonia n = 739, controls n = 643; 254 effect sizes extracted). Meta‐analysis showed a significant combined effect size of primary dystonia across all studies (g = −0.56, P < 0.001), with low heterogeneity (Q = 25.26, P = 0.15, I2 =  24.78). Within‐domain effects of primary dystonia were motor speed = −0.84, nonmotor speed = −0.83, global cognition = −0.65, language = −0.54, executive functioning = −0.53, learning/memory = −0.46, visuospatial/construction = −0.44, and simple/complex attention = −0.37 (P‐values <0.01). High heterogeneity was observed in the motor/nonmotor speed and learning/memory domains. There was no evidence of publication bias. Moderator analyses were mostly negative but possibly underpowered. Blepharospasm samples showed worse performance than other focal/cervical dystonias. Those with inherited (ie, genetic) disease etiology demonstrated worse performance than acquired.ConclusionsDystonia patients consistently demonstrated lower performances on neuropsychological tests versus HCs. Effect sizes were generally moderate in strength, clustering around −0.50 SD units. Within the speed domain, results suggested cognitive slowing beyond effects from motor symptoms. Overall, findings indicate dystonia patients experience multidomain cognitive difficulties, as detected by neuropsychological tests. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society