bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paediatric cancer burden in Namibia, A 10 year retrospective, analytical study of patients admitted at Windhoek Central Hospital
Authors: Kaholongo Ndapewa , Mashingaidze-Mano Runyararo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Research in Namibia has come a long way over the past two decades. Even so, research in the field of paediatric oncology is still lagging behind. Therefore, this study looked at the pattern of paediatric cancer patient over a ten-year period.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was done to analyse the paediatric oncology cases that were admitted to the paediatric oncology unit (ward 8 west) at Windhoek Central Hospital (WCH) between 01 January 2011 and 31 December 2020. The study analysed the files of paediatric patients admitted with a paediatric cancer diagnosis from the age of 0 to 16 years.
RESULTS
A total of 174 paediatric cancer patient files met the inclusion criteria. Haematopoietic cancers were the most commonly occurring diagnosis of a paediatric cancer type in the study population (44.8%), of which leukaemias were the most common type of haematopoietic cancer. The other types of cancer apart from haematopoietic cancers consisted of embryonal cancers (37.9%), soft tissue and bone sarcomas (13.8%), and brain or CNS cancers (3.4%). The median age at diagnosis was 5.13 years with an age range of 0 to 15 years. HIV exposure had an incidence of 6.4%.
CONCLUSIONS
Haematopoietic cancers remains the number one most common type in Namibia. However, there has been a change in the ranking of the other childhood cancer subtypes over the last 3 decades. The recommendation is that there be better recordkeeping of cancer patient files to capture important information. For follow-up studies, prospective studies are recommended in the future.
Micro zero-valent iron enabled persulfate activation for treating Rhodamine B-containing wastewater: Degradation performance, mechanism and column experiment
Authors: Wang Xiaobing , Hu Jiaying , Liu Qiyao , Jiang Lina , Huang Qingqing , Hu Yue 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Organic dyes cause serious contamination of aquatic environments and pose adverse effects to human health. Therefore, it is of great concern to find an efficient and cost-effective way to treat wastewater containing organic dyes. In this study, commercial micro zero-valent iron (mZVI) was applied to activate persulfate sodium (PS) for degrading Rhodamine B (RhB). The results revealed that the combined application of mZVI and PS exhibited optimum degradation of RhB compared with the individual mZVI and PS systems. Moreover, the RhB could be removed efficiently within a wide initial concentration of 5-100 ppm and a broad pH range of 3–9. Furthermore, Electron spin resonance (ESR) and trapping experiments confirmed that, in the mZVI/PS system, both the •SO4− and •OH radicals were produced, while •SO4− radicals played the predominant role in the degradation of RhB. Remarkably, a long-term column experiment using mZVI as the packing media was performed. After discontinuous operation for seven days, the removal efficiency of the running RhB was still up to 65%. The result displayed the feasibility of mZVI/PS system for treating wastewater containing real organic dye. This study broadens the knowledge of mZVI-activated persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes, and provides a promising method for controlling water pollution.
A case report of hydralazine induced vasculitis with pulmonary-renal syndrome
Authors: Jeyaruban Andrew Sujeevan , Downie Elizabeth , Ismail Kasim , Nandakoban Hari 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:
Hydralazine is a medication commonly used for the management of hypertension. Its use is associated with autoimmune diseases including vasculitis. Pulmonary-renal syndrome is a less common presentation of hydralazine-induced vasculitis.
Case presentation:
This is the case of a female who presented with dyspnoea, purpuric rash, macroscopic haematuria and acute kidney injury. She had a history of hypertension, which was treated with hydralazine 100mg twice daily. Urine microscopy revealed significant haematuria and proteinuria. CT chest showed bilateral ground glass opacities. Immunological testing revealed a positive perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA), double stranded DNA(dsDNA)and anti-histone antibody. Renal biopsy showed focal and segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis with active cellular crescents. Hydralazine was ceased and she was commenced on induction treatment for ANCA vasculitis with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide. She entered remission but within six weeks represented with multiple severe infections. In this setting, her immunosuppression was changed to intravenous immunoglobulin. The patient remains in clinical remission.
Conclusion:
This is a case of a hydralazine induced vasculitis presenting with pulmonary renal syndrome. This case demonstrates that there is a variable relationship between hydralazine use and the onset of vasculitis
Identification of IGF2BP3 and CENPA as key regulators of immunophenotypes in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Dan , Tang Jingya , Qi Wenjing , Zhang Xinyu , Zhu Yannan , Li Shuai , Mao Yuling , Dong Deshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common subtype of Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with a high degree of immune infiltration. This study aimed to identify m6A-related biomarkers and downstream effectors in KIRC that may affect tumor immunity and to provide prognosis biomarkers of KIRC. In this study, the mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of KIRC patients were downloaded from public databases. The multigene signature was constructed using two transcription factors and an m6A-associated gene, and a TCGA cohort was constructed to stratify patients into two risk groups. Functional analysis showed that immune-related pathways were enriched and that immune status was different between the two risk groups, with IGF2BP3 and CENPA genes highly correlated with immune cell infiltration. In KIRC clinical patient samples, IGF2BP3 and CENPA expression was positively correlated with clinical staging, which was validated by immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, IGF2BP3 and its downstream CENPA signature can be used for prognostic prediction of KIRC.
Comparative study on the fraction changes of the Cd immobilized in the soils with simulated acid rain
Authors: Hu Chao , Dai Yujun , Hu Hongqing , Li Changchun , Wen Xin , Tang Yafang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Among the methods of remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil, the in-situ passivation is considered feasible and effective for moderately and lowly polluted soil. However, under natural precipitation and overland runoff, the stability and fraction of heavy metals with the immobilizers is unclear and require more study for practical applications. In this work, calcium superphosphate (CS) and activated carbon (AC) were added as inorganic and organic stabilizers to passivate Cd in hydromorphic paddy (HP) and gray fluvo-aqvic (GF) soils. The soils were leached by simulated acid precipitation at different pH (pH 3.0–6.0) or different salt concentrations (0.1–10 times of the typical acid rain), respectively. The leachate and soil were collected to analyzed the stability and fraction changes of Cd with different immobilizers in soils. Results showed: with the eluents from 120–200 mL (42–71 mm precipitation) to 200–250 mL (71–88 mm precipitation), the leached Cd increased and reached the highest concentration and then gradually decreased, respectively; AC and CS all showed better passivation ability in HP than in GF soil; AC showed 3–77 times capacity of CS in multiple conditions; The addition of AC conversed the exchangeable and oxidized states of Cd to the residual and reduced states, while the addition of CS conversed the exchangeable and reduced states of Cd to the residual and oxidized states. Comparative analysis showed that two passivators in GF soil had higher application value than that in HP soil. The above results can provide important theoretical references for the immobilization of heavy metal cations in soil.
Associations Between Preterm Birth, Inhibitory Control-Implicated Brain Regions and Tracts, and Inhibitory Control Task Performance in Children: Consideration of Socioeconomic Context
Authors: Taylor Rita L. , Rogers Cynthia E. , Smyser Christopher D. , Barch Deanna M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is associated with increased risk for unfavorable outcomes such as deficits in attentional control and related brain structure alterations. Crucially, PTB is more likely to occur within the context of poverty. The current study examined associations between PTB and inhibitory control (IC) implicated brain regions/tracts and task performance, as well as the moderating role of early life poverty on the relation between PTB and IC regions/tracts/task performance.
Methods: 2,899 children from the ABCD study were sampled for this study. Mixed effects models examined the relation between PTB and subsequent IC performance as well as prefrontal gray matter volume and white matter fractional anisotropy (FA). Household income was examined as a moderator.
Results: PTB was significantly associated with less improvement in IC task performance over time and decreased FA in right uncinate fasciculus and bilateral cingulum. Early life poverty moderated the relation between PTB and bilateral cingulum FA.
Nutritional Assessment Among Khalwa Students in Sudan, A Forgotten Risk of Malnutrition.
Authors: Gasoma ElMuhtadi B.Y. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background : Nutritional assessment is the systematic process of collecting and interpreting information in order to make decisions about the nature and cause of nutrition related health issues. Khalawi are traditional religious schools, they are very popular in Sudan. khalwa students are considered to be at high risk of nutritional problems due to several factors the most important of them are poor self-hygiene, high contamination area and the type of food which mainly depend on sorghum .
Methods : Study population was 150 students . Informed consent was obtained. The study was In two stages and used complementary qualitative and quantitative methods. Stage one involved face-to-face, interview with key informants. Stage two involved assessment of nutritional status of students using interview questionnaire and anthropometric measurement.
Results : 38 students those represent substantial percentage (25 %) were underweight, which is exactly the quarter of the total sample size which indeed a devastating matter of fact, especially these khalawi were located at the center of the capital city.
Conclusion : The lack of informations , researches and knowledge regarding those particular group of people whom are at increasing risk of malnutrition necessitate the conduction of this study to work as a corner-stone for further researches later on which all directed toward improving and maintaining a proper studying and living environment .
WITHDRAWN: Vascular endothelial cell damage induced by ox-LDL through AMPK-Nrf2/Keap1-PGAM5 signaling axis
Authors: Mu Le , Li Zeyuan , Liu Lunjing , Yang Chunli , Wu Xiaomin , Zhu Lingqin , Li Guanghua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study investigated the rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) barrier damage and apoptosis induced by ox-LDL and explored its underlying mechanism.
Methods
RAVECs was cultured in vitro and treated with ox-LDL. We evaluated cell viability and Nitric oxide levels with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Detection kit, respectively. The Elisa assay was performed which determine the release of inflammatory factors. And then scratch assay and qPCR were used to assess cell migration. Western blot was performed to measure the relative protein. Mitochondrial proteins were monitored via fluorescence microscope.
Results
In vitro study, we found that ox-LDL reduced aortic endothelial cell viability and migration, NO release and up-regulated TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. In addition, ox-LDL decreased the expression of aortic endothelial cell barrier proteins Occludin and ZO-1, as well as increasing mitochondrial damage. Furthermore, AMPK-Nrf2 / Keap1-PGAM5 suppressed the mitochondrial damage and attenuated the RAECs apoptosis.
Conclusion
Our results suggested that ox-LDL can damage endothelial cell barrier, apoptosis and mitochondrial damage through AMPK-Nrf2 / Keap1-PGAM5 signaling axis, which provided a theoretical basis for explaining ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell damage.
Altered MAM function shifts mitochondrial metabolism in SOD1-mutant models of ALS
Authors: Area-Gomez Estela , Larrea Delfina , Tamucci Kirstin , Kabra Khushbu , Velasco Kevin , yun Taekyung , Pera Marta , Montesinos Jorge , Agrawal Rishi , Smerdon John , Lowry Emily , Stepanova Anna , Sánchez Belem Yoval , Galkin Alexander , Wichterle Hynek 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAM) are transient functional domains in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in close apposition to mitochondria involved in multiple metabolic functions, including the regulation of mitochondria functionality. Specifically, MAM interactions with mitochondria contribute to the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, calcium transference between both organelles and the composition of mitochondrial membranes. In addition, recent data indicate that alterations in MAM-mitochondria contacts are associated with impairments in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance phenotypes, but the mechanism behind these defects is unknown.
Human embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived motor neurons (hMNs) and mouse models with pathogenic mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) have been shown to present with a progressive disruption of MAM structure and function, as it occurs in other models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this work, we have found that impairments in the activation of MAM in the context of SOD1 mutations, hinder the use of glucose-derived pyruvate as a mitochondrial fuel and trigger a shift in mitochondrial substrates from pyruvate to fatty acids. We also show that, over time, this change in mitochondrial fuels induces significant alterations in mitochondrial electron flow and in the active/de-active (A/D) status of complex I in mutant hMNs and spinal cord tissues, but not in brain. Our data agree with a role for MAM in the maintenance and regulation of cellular glucose metabolism and the selection of mitochondrial substrates and suggest that MAM disruption in ALS could be the underlying cause of the bioenergetic deficits observed in the disease.
AS3MT is related to relative RNAs and base modifications of p53 in workers exposed to arsenic
Authors: Wen Weihua , Zha Shun , Cheng Huirong , Qi Jun , Chen Qian , Gu Yun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
AS3MT, the key enzyme involved in the methylation of arsenic, is closely associated with DNA methylation. However, the relationship between them is not known. In this study, we recruited workers from four arsenic plants and individuals who resided in villages far away from the four plants. Arsenic compounds, relative indices, 28 relative RNAs, and base modifications of exons 5–8 of p53 were detected separately. Several methods were used to analyze the associations between them. We found that the AS3MT RNA was closely associated with lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs related to miRNA production and maturation, tumorigenesis, and base modifications of p53, they probably have causal relationships. Arsenic compounds and the relative indices of metabolic transformation might have limited roles. Base modifications of exons 7 and 8 of p53 had significant synergistic effects on the expression of the AS3MT RNA and a series of genetic indices. But miR-190, miR-548, and the base modifications of exon 5 of p53 had substantial inhibitory effects. This study showed that the AS3MT RNA could strongly affect genotoxicity and carcinogenesis, which is initiated by arsenic or AS3MT but greatly influenced by other factors. There was a close interaction among the AS3MT RNA, relative mRNAs, lncRNAs, the miRNA networks, and the base modifications of different fragments of p53.
Adaptive Auto-encoder for Extraction of Arabic Text: invariant, font, and segment
Authors: zerdoumi saber , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman , Ahmed Riyaz , Hashem Ibrahim Abaker Targio , Gabralla Lubna Abdelkareim 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Adaptive auto-en-codor research strategy for categorizing Arabic text into three components: invariant, font, and signature are discussed in this article. We began our investigation by studying pattern recognition methods. Using the collected data, a mathematical model for Arabic pattern recognition was created. Once the model has been created, it is used to generate the algorithm. Segmentation of area composite ligatures and open/closed characters was used to develop and test the algorithm's primary engine. The algorithm was tested to see if it could distinguish between text and other objects. The evaluation method is also described, which is based on a widely used benchmark data-set and a variety of other data sources. Word-level archiving's most critical feature is the ability to recognize each word as a separate unit and component with a consistency that allows the entire pixel to be comprehensively identified and its value to be adjusted. Figure 1 illustrates the detection of Arabic words in ads, as well as the subsequent determination of words after training and matching the algorithm. Using a vertical projection and a base line determination or automatic correction for each issue In the upper baseline or lower pass line with the respective center THAA that is generated using the pre-characteristics learning for Arabic writing, there may be existing or missing dots. On the basis of educational and descriptive value, these dots have been placed. BAA and YAA, for example, both contain dots above the baseline. If the sequence does not contain continuous curves from top to bottom, this value will not be considered. as Jim, it'll be decided. P1 to P10 consider the earlier zoning of cropping from right to left as an issue. Consequences of the alphabets' display Before we could even consider the exploratory form, our investigation was compelled by an important issue raised in this Arabic script. Because they are modified, the end points of P1 must be identified. P2 consists of novel elements that are connected and characterized as novel elements. It is necessary to alter the novel components in some way in order to identify them as errors in P2. It is necessary to make adjustments such as decreasing p3, increasing the distance from p4 to greater distances, decreasing weight, and changing the value of white to black, as well as white to white. You can find a wealth of useful Arabic-language content on p5. A overlapping zoning pattern results from cropping. This issue is addressed in the manual's P6 section. Using slop equations, connect all of the pixels in the image to form a single image (1). If the skew is not zero and the base line depends on the skew, the focus will be adjusted by reversing the absolute value of the skew value into the direction of contact. The diagram depicts the entire alphabet extraction process.
E-government Use in Vietnam: Do External Variables Drive a Positive Attitude Towards Technology?
Authors: Borazon Elaine Q. , Nguyen Hoai Than Than 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
E-government system adoption, despite its progress and ramped up efforts by various governments, is still facing major challenges. This study intends to identify the external variables and demographic factors that would enable a successful adoption of e-government services across population groups, on the basis of Technology Adoption Model. A non-randomized convenience sampling of 383 e-government service users of age 18–70 years old were surveyed and hypotheses were tested using a two-stage Structural Equation Modeling. Results show that structural assurance and government regulations drives perceived ease of use (PEU) and a positive attitude towards technology. Moreover, perceived ease of use (PEU) partially mediates the relationships of structural assurance with attitude towards technology and government regulations with attitude towards technology. Also, a positive attitude towards technology drives e-government service use. In terms of the demographic factors, education level moderates the association between perceived ease of use and users’ attitudes toward technology while income positively influences the relationship between the citizen’s attitudes toward technology and usage behavior based on their level of access to technology. These findings reveal that users’ external variables can enhance e-government adoption and that demographic factors are critical in bridging the gap among users.
Uncovering the molecular mechanisms of Salidroside against diabetic retinopathy using network pharmacology and experimental validation
Authors: Cong Fu , Huang Ying , Liu Wenqiang , Wang Yufei , Lv Pan , Zhao Lipan , Meng Lu , Hou Yang , Wang Ting-Hua , Zuo Zhongfu , Liu Xuezheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
The present study was designed to explore the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of Salidroside in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) through network pharmacology analysis combined with in vivo experimental verification.
Methods
Diabetic rat models were established and treated with Salidroside. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was employed to demonstrate the changes of retina with treatment or not. The drug targets of SAL and disease targets of DR were obtained from public databases. Venn diagrams were generated online to obtain the common targets of SAL and DR, which were then imported into String for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network generation Meanwhile, these common targets were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis to further elucidate their biological functions. Finally, gene-pathway networks were established to capture core pathways that common targets were enriched in. Molecular docking predicts the binding degree between drugs and proteins, and the expression levels of key genes are verified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in vivo.
Results
OCT imaging demonstrated that Salidroside administration significantly increased retinal thickness and significantly reduce the number of new blood vessels in fundus images in diabetic rats. We obtained 87 common targets after intersecting the targets of Salidroside and DR, and PPI network screened out 7 core targets, including GAPDH, CASP3, VEGFA, HRAS, HIF1A, MTOR and MMP9. The functional annotation of target genes demonstrated they were enriched in such biological processes as cellular response to oxidative stress, epithelial cell proliferation, and response to reactive oxygen species, along with significantly enriched pathways like HIF-1 signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Type II diabetes mellitus, and VEGF signaling pathway. Molecular docking prediction results indicated that Salidroside was stably bound to these core targets. Importantly, mRNA levels of core targets in diabetic rats were differentially expressed before and after Salidroside treatment.
Conclusions
Collectively, our work demonstrated Salidroside could protect the retina from diabetes-induced damage, and preliminarily uncovered that Salidroside might exert therapeutic efficacy in DR through a multi-target and multi-pathway approach.