bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UV to submillimetre luminosity functions of TNG50 galaxies
Authors: Trčka Ana , Baes Maarten , Camps Peter , Kapoor Anand Utsav , Nelson Dylan , Pillepich Annalisa , Barrientos Daniela , Hernquist Lars , Marinacci Federico , Vogelsberger Mark 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We apply the radiative transfer (RT) code skirt on a sample of ${\sim } 14\, 000$ low-redshift (z ≤ 0.1) galaxies extracted from the TNG50 simulation to enable an apples-to-apples comparison with observations. The RT procedure is calibrated via comparison of a subsample of TNG50 galaxies with the DustPedia observational sample: we compare several luminosity and colour scaling relations and spectral energy distributions in different specific SFR bins. We consistently derive galaxy luminosity functions for the TNG50 simulation in 14 broad-band filters from UV to submillimetre wavelengths and investigate the effects of the aperture, orientation, radiative transfer recipe, and numerical resolution. We find that, while our TNG50+RT fiducial model agrees well with the observed luminosity functions at the knee (±0.04 dex typical agreement), the TNG50 + RT luminosity functions evaluated within $5\, R_{1/2}$ are generally higher than observed at both the faint and bright ends, by 0.004 (total IR)-0.27 (UKIDSS H) dex and 0.12 (SPIRE250)-0.8 (GALEX FUV) dex, respectively. A change in the aperture does affect the bright end of the luminosity function, easily by up to 1 dex depending on the choice. However, we also find that the galaxy luminosity functions of a worse-resolution run of TNG50 (TNG50-2, with eight times worse mass resolution than TNG50, similar to TNG100) are in better quantitative agreement with observational constraints. Finally, we publicly release the photometry for the TNG50 sample in 53 broad-bands from FUV to submillimetre, in three orientations and four apertures, as well as galaxy spectral energy distributions.
A global test of jet structure and delay time distribution of short-duration gamma-ray bursts
Authors: Luo Jia-Wei , Li Ye , Ai Shunke , Gao He , Zhang Bing 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe multimessenger joint observations of GW170817 and GRB170817A shed new light on the study of short-duration gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs). Not only did it substantiate the assumption that SGRBs originate from binary neutron star (BNS) mergers, but it also confirms that the jet generated by this type of merger must be structured, hence the observed energy of an SGRB depends on the viewing angle from the observer. However, the precise structure of the jet is still subject to debate. Moreover, whether a single unified jet model can be applied to all SGRBs is not known. Another uncertainty is the delay time-scale of BNS mergers with respect to star-formation history of the Universe. In this paper, we conduct a global test of both delay and jet models of BNS mergers across a wide parameter space with simulated SGRBs. We compare the simulated peak flux, redshift, and luminosity distributions with the observed ones and test the goodness-of-fit for a set of models and parameter combinations. Our simulations suggest that GW170817/GRB 170817A and all SGRBs can be understood within the framework of a universal structured jet viewed at different viewing angles. Furthermore, model invoking a jet plus cocoon structure with a lognormal delay time-scale is most favoured. Some other combinations (e.g. a Gaussian delay with a power-law jet model) are also acceptable. However, the Gaussian delay with Gaussian jet model and the entire set of power-law delay models are disfavoured.
Solar and stellar activity cycles – no synchronization with exoplanets
Authors: Obridko V N , Katsova M M , Sokoloff D D 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Cyclic activity on the Sun and stars is primarily explained by the generation of the magnetic field by a dynamo mechanism, which converts the energy of the poloidal field into the energy of the toroidal component due to differential rotation . There is, however, an alternative point of view, which explains the field generation by the gravitational influence of the planetary system and, first of all, Jupiter. This hypothesis can be verified by comparing the characteristics of exoplanets with the activity variations on their associated stars. We have performed such a comparison and have drawn a negative conclusion. No relationship between the gravitational influence of the exoplanets and cycle of the host star could be found in any of the cases considered. Moreover, there are reasons to believe that a strong gravitational influence may completely eliminate cyclic variation in stellar activity.
Reasons and risk factors for discontinuation of treatment with any biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A long-term observational study
Authors: Terabe Kenya , Takahashi Nobunori , Asai Shuji , Hirano Yuji , Kanayama Yasuhide , Yabe Yuichiro , Oguchi Takeshi , Fujibayashi Takayoshi , Ishikawa Hisato , Hanabayashi Masahiro , Hattori Yosuke , Suzuki Mochihito , Kishimoto Kenji , Ohashi Yoshifumi , Imaizumi Takahiro , Imagama Shiro , Kojima Toshihisa 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) usually switch to a second biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) when the first has proven to be ineffective, although some may discontinue bDMARDs treatment altogether. We investigated the total rate of bDMARDs retention and the risk of bDMARDs discontinuation in patients with RA.

Methods
The study included 564 patients with RA who started bDMARDs treatment before 2008 (&lt;65 years old, n = 413; ≥65, n = 151). The primary outcome was the incidence of bDMARDs discontinuation due to adverse events (AEs). Risk factors were examined using Fine and Gray regression models.

Results
Among 564 patients, 74 had discontinued bDMARDs treatment due to AEs. Male sex and Steinbrocker class 3–4 were more frequent, while rheumatoid factor and concomitant methotrexate treatment were less frequent, in those aged ≥65 years than in those aged &lt;65 years, respectively. The subdistribution hazard ratio for discontinuation was significantly higher in the ≥65 group than in the &lt;65 years group (hazard ratio = 3.53, 95% confidence interval = 2.07–6.03). Lack of concomitant treatment with MTX was risk factor for discontinuation in patients ≥65 years. Advanced Steinbrocker class was a risk factor in patients &lt;65 years.

Conclusions
Older patients are at higher risk of discontinuing bDMARDs treatment due to AEs than younger patients.
Azathioprine-induced hypersensitivity reaction mimicking sepsis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: McKenzie Paige L , Chao Yusuf , Pathak Sapna , Kazi Salahuddin 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
A 21-year-old woman with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus presented to the emergency department with acute-onset nausea, vomiting, and fevers. Two weeks prior, she was started on azathioprine 50 mg daily by her outpatient rheumatologist; the dose was up-titrated to 100 mg when repeat blood work showed no drug toxicity. The morning after increasing her dose, she was awoken by recurrent emesis. At presentation, she was febrile, tachycardic, and hypotensive. Her exam showed mild, generalised abdominal tenderness but was otherwise unremarkable. Lab work demonstrated elevated inflammatory markers, elevated liver transaminases, and stable hypocomplementemia. Chest X-ray and computed tomography abdomen/pelvis were unrevealing. She was given intravenous fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics, and azathioprine was held. A thorough infectious workup returned negative. A flare of her systemic lupus erythematosus was considered but deemed an unlikely explanation of her systemic inflammatory response syndrome. With azathioprine discontinuation, she made a rapid, near-complete recovery within 24 h of admission, suggesting a diagnosis of azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome. This case exemplifies the difficulty in distinguishing azathioprine hypersensitivity from mimickers such as infection and underlying autoimmune disease flare. Prompt recognition of hypersensitivity can lead to appropriate discontinuation of the drug and prevent future morbidity.
Shift work and cardiovascular strain on working and non-working days
Authors: Stieler L , Hunger B , Seibt R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Shift work is often associated with adverse effects on cardiovascular health of employees. Only a few studies address the strain of shift and day workers on non-working days compared to working days.

Aims
This study aims to determine how the cardiovascular strain of hotel and catering industry (HCI) employees who work alternating shifts differs from those working normal day shifts—on both a working day (WD) and a non-working day (ND).

Methods
The sample consisted of 60 alternating shift (morning and afternoon, mean age: 31.5 ± 8.5 years) and 88 day workers (mean age: 35.3 ± 9.4 years). A 24-h ambulatory measurement of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) on WD and ND with the time phases DAY, SLEEP, and 24-h TOTAL was used to analyse cardiovascular strain. BP status was assessed by self-measurement (36% hypertensives).

Results
The total strain over 24 h was slightly higher on WD than ND (mean BP: 134/79 versus 127/75 mmHg, P = 0.002–0.020; mean HR: 78 versus 75 bpm, P = 0.055). In trend, shift workers had higher systolic BP than day workers during the individual time phases of DAY, SLEEP, and 24-h TOTAL on WD. Known cardiovascular risk factors emerged as critical determinants of cardiovascular strain: older age, male gender, and hypertensive blood pressure status.

Conclusions
The results revealed no clear association between the alternating shift system in HCI and increased cardiovascular strain. The 24-h ambulatory measurement is considered ideal for determining cardiovascular strain in everyday life and under working conditions.
Therapeutic Lumbar Punctures in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis: Should Opening Pressure Direct Management?
Authors: Kagimu Enock , Engen Nicole , Ssebambulidde Kenneth , Kasibante John , Kiiza Tadeo K , Mpoza Edward , Tugume Lillian , Nuwagira Edwin , Nsangi Laura , Williams Darlisha A , Hullsiek Kathy Huppler , Boulware David R , Meya David B , Rhein Joshua , Abassi Mahsa , Musubire Abdu K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) frequently complicates cryptococcal meningitis. Therapeutic lumbar punctures (LPs) have acute survival benefits in the first week, and we sought to understand the longer-term survival impact of therapeutic LPs.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–seropositive adults with cryptococcal meningitis from 2013 to 2017 in Uganda. We assessed the association between clinical characteristics, CSF parameters, and 14- and 30-day mortality by baseline ICP. We also assessed 30-day mortality by number of follow-up therapeutic LPs performed within 7 days.

Results
Our analysis included 533 participants. Participants with baseline ICP &gt;350 mm H2O were more likely to have Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score &lt;15 (P &lt; .001), seizures (P &lt; .01), and higher quantitative cryptococcal cultures (P &lt; .001), whereas participants with ICP &lt;200 mm H2O were more likely to have baseline sterile CSF cultures (P &lt; .001) and CSF white blood cell count ≥5 cells/µL (P = .02). Thirty-day mortality was higher in participants with baseline ICP &gt;350 mm H2O and ICP &lt;200 mm H2O as compared with baseline ICP 200–350 mm H2O (hazard ratio, 1.55 [95% confidence interval, 1.10–2.19]; P = .02). Among survivors at least 7 days, the 30-day relative mortality was 50% higher among participants who did not receive any additional therapeutic LPs compared to those with ≥1 additional follow-up LP (33% vs 22%; P = .04), irrespective of baseline ICP.

Conclusions
Management of increased ICP remains crucial in improving clinical outcomes in cryptococcal meningitis. Guidelines should consider an approach to therapeutic LPs that is not dictated by baseline ICP.
A retrotransposon insertion in MUTL-HOMOLOG 1 affects wild rice seed set and cultivated rice crossover rate
Authors: Liu Kun , Chen Erwang , Gu Zhoulin , Dai Bingxin , Wang Ahong , Zhu Zhou , Feng Qi , Zhou Congcong , Zhu Jingjie , Shangguan Yingying , Wang Yongchun , Li Zhen , Hou Qingqing , Lv Danfeng , Wang Changsheng , Huang Tao , Wang Zixuan , Huang Xuehui , Han Bin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) has a lower panicle seed setting rate (PSSR) and gamete fertility than domesticated rice (Oryza sativa), but the genetic mechanisms of this phenomenon remain unknown. Here, we cloned a null allele of OsMLH1, an ortholog of MutL-homolog 1 to yeast and mammals, from wild rice O. rufipogon W1943 and revealed a 5.4-kb retrotransposon insertion in OsMLH1 is responsible for the low PSSR in wild rice. In contrast to the wild-type, a near isogenic line NIL-mlh1 exhibits defective crossover (CO) formation during meiosis, resulting in reduced pollen viability, partial embryo lethality, and low PSSR. Except for the mutant of mismatch repair gene postmeiotic segregation 1 (Ospms1), all other MutL mutants from O. sativa indica subspecies displayed male and female semi-sterility similar to NIL-mlh1, but less severe than those from O. sativa japonica subspecies. MLH1 and MLH3 did not contribute in an additive fashion to fertility. Two types of MutL heterodimers, MLH1-PMS1 and MLH1-MLH3, were identified in rice, but only the latter functions in promoting meiotic CO formation. Compared to japonica varieties, indica cultivars had greater numbers of CO events per meiosis. Our results suggest that low fertility in wild rice may be caused by different gene defects, and indica and japonica subspecies have substantially different CO rates responsible for the discrepancy between the fertility of mlh1 and mlh3 mutants.
The small PPR protein SPR2 interacts with PPR–SMR1 to facilitate the splicing of introns in maize mitochondria
Authors: Cao Shi-Kai , Liu Rui , Wang Miaodi , Sun Feng , Sayyed Aqib , Shi Hong , Wang Xiaomin , Tan Bao-Cai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSplicing of plant mitochondrial introns is facilitated by numerous nucleus-encoded protein factors. Although some splicing factors have been identified in plants, the mechanism underlying mitochondrial intron splicing remains largely unclear. In this study, we identified a small P-type pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein containing merely four PPR repeats, small PPR protein 2 (SPR2), which is required for the splicing of more than half of the introns in maize (Zea mays) mitochondria. Null mutations of Spr2 severely impair the splicing of 15 out of the 22 mitochondrial Group II introns, resulting in substantially decreased mature transcripts, which abolished the assembly and activity of mitochondrial complex I. Consequently, embryogenesis and endosperm development were arrested in the spr2 mutants. Yeast two-hybrid, luciferase complementation imaging, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and semi-in vivo pull-down analyses indicated that SPR2 interacts with small MutS-related domain protein PPR-SMR1, both of which are required for the splicing of 13 introns. In addition, SPR2 and/or PPR-SMR1 interact with other splicing factors, including PPR proteins EMPTY PERICARP16, PPR14, and chloroplast RNA splicing and ribosome maturation (CRM) protein Zm-mCSF1, which participate in the splicing of specific intron(s) of the 13 introns. These results prompt us to propose that SPR2/PPR-SMR1 serves as the core component of a splicing complex and possibly exerts the splicing function through a dynamic interaction with specific substrate recognizing PPR proteins in mitochondria.
New Trigeminal Stimulation Technique with Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation Electrode and Maxillary Fixation: Technique Description
Authors: Mansano André Marques , Nouer Frederico Thiago , de Mirando Sergio Luiz , Cheim Junior Adonai Peixoto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTrigeminal neuralgia is considered the worst pain a human being can experience. Initial treatment uses anticonvulsant sodium channel blockers, which relieve pain in approximately 70% of patients. In refractory cases, it is possible to perform ablative treatments, decompressive surgeries, and neuromodulatory techniques.MethodsThis report describes the treatment of a patient with refractory trigeminal neuralgia who continued to have a painful clinical presentation after four surgical procedures and three ablative procedures. The patient presented with severe pain (verbal numerical scale between 9 and 10), manifesting an evident suicidal ideation. A dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation electrode was implanted in the trigeminal ganglion through intraoral puncture with maxillary fixation of the electrode, in order to minimize the chances of displacement. The test phase consisted of implanting a quadripolar electrode for DRG stimulation through puncture lateral to the buccal rim in a fluoroscopic coaxial view. The electrode was fixed to the skin and maintained for 5 days, during which the patient remained completely pain free. After the 5-day test period, the definitive stimulation electrode was implanted, this time with intraoral puncture and maxillary electrode fixation.ResultsThe patient remains pain free in the 3-month follow-up, with no displacement of the electrode.ConclusionsThe DRG electrode may be considered a therapeutic option in patients with severe trigeminal neuralgia. Controlled studies must be performed to determine the efficacy and safety of the method.
Axonal architecture of the mouse inner retina revealed by second harmonic generation
Authors: Meah Arafat , Boodram Vinessia , Bucinca-Cupallari Festa , Lim Hyungsik 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We describe a novel method for visualizing the network of axons in the unlabeled fresh wholemount retina. The intrinsic radiation of second harmonic generation (SHG) was utilized to visualize single axons of all major retinal neurons, i.e., photoreceptors, horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and the retinal ganglion cells. The cell types of SHG+ axons were determined using transgenic GFP/YFP mice. New findings were obtained with retinal SHG imaging: Müller cells do not maintain uniformly polarized microtubules in the processes; SHG+ axons of bipolar cells terminate in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) in a subtype-specific manner; a subset of amacrine cells, presumably the axon-bearing types, emits SHG; and the axon-like neurites of amacrine cells provide a cytoskeletal scaffolding for the IPL stratification. To demonstrate the utility, retinal SHG imaging was applied to testing whether the inner retina is preserved in glaucoma, using DBA/2 mice as a model of glaucoma and DBA/2-Gpnmb+ as the nonglaucomatous control. It was found that the morphology of the inner retina was largely intact in glaucoma and the presynaptic compartments to the retinal ganglion cells were uncompromised. It proves retinal SHG imaging as a promising technology for studying the physiological and diseased retinas in 3D.
Alterations of serine racemase expression determine proliferation and differentiation of neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Zhang He , Lu Jinfang , Shang huiping , Chen Juan , Lin Zhengxiu , Liu Yimei , Wang Xianwei , Song Liping , Jiang Xue , Jiang Haiyan , Shi Jiandong , Yan Dongsheng , Wu Shengzhou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough the role of serine racemase (SR) in neuropsychiatric disorders has been extensively studied, its role in cell proliferation and differentiation remains unclear. Deletion of Srr, the encoding gene for SR, has been shown to reduce dendritic arborization and dendritic spine density in the brains of adult mice, whereas increased SR levels have been associated with differentiation in cell cultures. Previously, we demonstrated that valproic acid induces differentiation in the N2A neuroblastoma cell line, and that this differentiation is associated with increased SR expression. These observations suggest that SR may have a role in cell proliferation and differentiation. We herein found that both valproic acid and all‐trans retinoic acid induced N2A differentiation. In contrast, knockdown of SR reduced levels of differentiation, increased N2A proliferation, promoted cell cycle entry, and modulated expression of cell cycle‐related proteins. To further evaluate the effects of SR expression on cell proliferation and differentiation, we used an in vivo model of neuroblastoma in nude mice. N2A cells stably expressing scramble shRNA (Srrwt‐N2A) or specific Srr shRNA (Srrkd‐N2A) were subcutaneously injected into nude mice. The weights and volumes of Srrwt‐N2A‐derived tumors were lower than Srrkd‐N2A‐derived tumors. Furthermore, Srrwt‐N2A‐derived tumors were significantly mitigated by intraperitoneal injection of valproic acid, whereas Srrkd‐N2A‐derived tumors were unaffected. Taken together, our findings demonstrate for the first time that alterations in SR expression determine the transition between proliferation and differentiation in neural progenitor cells. Thus, in addition to its well‐established roles in neuropsychiatric disorders, our study has highlighted a novel role for SR in cell proliferation and differentiation.
Shared Decision-Making in Pancreatic Surgery
Authors: Trobaugh Jennifer , Fuqua Wayne , Folkert Kyra , Khalil Sarah , Shebrain Saad , Munene Gitonga 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
The objective of this study is to determine the factors influencing pancreatic surgery patients’ perceptions of the shared decision-making process (SDM).

Background:
Decision-making in pancreatic surgery is complicated by the risk of morbidity and mortality and risk of early recurrence of disease. Improvement in SDM has the potential to improve the receipt of goal- and value-concordant care.

Methods:
This cross-sectional survey included patients who underwent pancreatic surgery. The following components were studied in relation to SDM: modified satisfaction with decision scale (SWD), modified decisional regret scale (DRS), quality of physician and patient interaction, and the impact of quality of life (FACT-Hep). Correlations were computed using Pearson’s correlation score and a regression model.

Results:
The survey completion rate was 72.2% (of 40/55) and the majority (72.5%) of patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. There were significant positive relationships between the SDM measure and (DRS, SWD; r = 0.70, P < 0.001) and responses to questions regarding how well the patient’s actual recovery matched their expectations before treatment (r = 0.62, P < 0.001). The quality of the physician–patient relationship correlated with how well recovery matched expectations (r = 0.53, P = 0.002). SDM measure scores were significant predictors of the decision evaluation measure (R
2(adj) = 0.48, P < 0.001), FACT-Hep (R
2(adj) = 0.15, P < 0.001), and recovery expectations measure (R
2(adj) = 0.37, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Improved SDM in pancreatic surgery is associated with more realistic recovery expectations, decreased decisional regret, and improved quality of life.