bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of oral screen exercise on orofacial and pharyngeal activity: An exploratory study using videofluoroscopy and surface electromyography in healthy adults
Authors: Bengtsson Lisa , Dotevall Hans , Sjögreen Lotta , Ragnemalm Lena , Tuomi Lisa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe oral screen is a device commonly used for treatment of orofacial disorders. The objective of this exploratory study was to examine the effect of oral screen exercise on the muscle activity in the lips, submental complex, masseter muscle, and kinematic activity of the tongue base, soft palate, pharynx, and larynx in healthy adults. This was compared with the kinematic activity during a dry swallow. It was hypothesized that not only the lip musculature but also other structures in the oral and pharyngeal cavities are activated while using an oral screen device.MethodTen healthy subjects used an oral screen during examination with videofluoroscopy and surface electromyography (EMG). Three different instructions for oral screen application and a dry swallow were examined.ResultsThe lip muscles showed the highest activity during oral screen exercise. The other muscle groups were activated to a lesser degree. The pattern of activation differed between individuals. Compared with a dry swallow, the range of motion of the tongue base, posterior pharyngeal wall, and the larynx was significantly smaller during oral screen activation. No major differences were found between three different instructions.ConclusionThis study indicates that the lips and submental complex and, to a lesser degree, oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal structures are activated with the oral screen, but the pattern of activation varied between individuals. In comparison to the activity during a dry swallow, range of motion during oral screen exercise is small.
Half‐selection disturbance free 8T low leakage SRAM cell
Authors: Lorenzo Rohit , Paily Roy 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThis work presents a robust and low leakage new 8T static random access memory (SRAM) cell without any half‐selection disturbance. The proposed cell removes write disturbance by eliminating the trail from supply and ground. Furthermore, it removes the read disturbance by separating the read trail from the storage node. The proposed cell addresses the challenge of half select by using different control signals. The cell achieves low leakage because of virtual ground (VGND), series connected tail transistor, and access series stack transistors. To study the usefulness of the proposed SRAM, it is compared with 6T, 10T, 9T, PG9T, 7T, and 8T SRAM cells. The proposed SRAM minimizes leakage power, write power, and read power by 12.4%, 21.62%, and 29.06%. Furthermore, the proposed cell improves read and write noise margin by 57.19% and 19.96%, respectively, as compared to a conventional 6T SRAM. Again, the write energy consumption lowers to about 43.86× while read energy consumption 28.95× as compared to 10T SRAM.
Allogeneic CD20‐targeted γδ T cells exhibit innate and adaptive antitumor activities in preclinical B‐cell lymphoma models
Authors: Nishimoto Kevin P , Barca Taylor , Azameera Aruna , Makkouk Amani , Romero Jason M , Bai Lu , Brodey Mary M , Kennedy‐Wilde Jackie , Shao Hui , Papaioannou Stephanie , Doan Amy , Masri Cynthia , Hoang Ngoc T , Tessman Hayden , Ramanathan Vidhya Dhevi , Giner‐Rubio Ana , Delfino Frank , Sharma Kriti , Bray Kevin , Hoopes Matthew , Satpayev Daulet , Sengupta Ranjita , Herrman Marissa , Abbot Stewart E , Aftab Blake T , An Zili , Panuganti Swapna , Hayes Sandra M 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesAutologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) αβ T‐cell therapies have demonstrated remarkable antitumor efficacy in patients with haematological malignancies; however, not all eligible cancer patients receive clinical benefit. Emerging strategies to improve patient access and clinical responses include using premanufactured products from healthy donors and alternative cytotoxic effectors possessing intrinsic tumoricidal activity as sources of CAR cell therapies. γδ T cells, which combine innate and adaptive mechanisms to recognise and kill malignant cells, are an attractive candidate platform for allogeneic CAR T‐cell therapy. Here, we evaluated the manufacturability and functionality of allogeneic peripheral blood‐derived CAR+ Vδ1 γδ T cells expressing a second‐generation CAR targeting the B‐cell‐restricted CD20 antigen.MethodsDonor‐derived Vδ1 γδ T cells from peripheral blood were ex vivo‐activated, expanded and engineered to express a novel anti‐CD20 CAR. In vitro and in vivo assays were used to evaluate CAR‐dependent and CAR‐independent antitumor activities of CD20 CAR+ Vδ1 γδ T cells against B‐cell tumors.ResultsAnti‐CD20 CAR+ Vδ1 γδ T cells exhibited innate and adaptive antitumor activities, such as in vitro tumor cell killing and proinflammatory cytokine production, in addition to in vivo tumor growth inhibition of B‐cell lymphoma xenografts in immunodeficient mice. Furthermore, CD20 CAR+ Vδ1 γδ T cells did not induce xenogeneic graft‐versus‐host disease in immunodeficient mice.ConclusionThese preclinical data support the clinical evaluation of ADI‐001, an allogeneic CD20 CAR+ Vδ1 γδ T cell, and a phase 1 study has been initiated in patients with B‐cell malignancies (NCT04735471).
Resolving stratigraphic architecture and constraining ages of paralic strata in a low‐accommodation setting, Firebag Tributary, McMurray Formation, Canada
Authors: Rinke‐Hardekopf Lucian , Dashtgard Shahin E. , MacEachern James A. , Gingras Murray K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe McMurray Formation in McMurray Depocentre, Canada, is typically subdivided into stratigraphic units based on regionally mappable marine mudstones, the bases of which define flooding surfaces (bottom to top: Lower McMurray, C2, C1, B2, B1, A2, A1 depositional unit). However, the McMurray Formation comprises a variety of palaeoenvironments, with the north‐eastern Firebag Tributary hosting significant delta‐plain deposits in the Lower McMurray and B1 depositional units. Facies analysis of 60 cores and 4763 wireline logs was used to resolve the palaeoshoreline trajectory and stratigraphic architecture in Firebag Tributary. Of 14 identified facies, three delta‐plain facies reveal: (1) eluviated palaeosols, interpreted as shrublands and woodlands formed during base‐level fall; (2) gleyed palaeosols, interpreted as tidal marshes; and (3) coals formed in coastal mires, the two latter facies are interpreted to accumulate during base‐level rise. Eluviated palaeosols occur below the Lower McMurray coal seam, implying valley incision and a maximum regressive surface. Gleyed palaeosols underlying the coal seam atop the B1 depositional unit do not record base‐level fall. Wetting‐upward coals overlying either palaeosol facies indicate base‐level rise (i.e. major flooding surface). B1 depositional unit coals and gleyed palaeosols are overlain by shallow‐marine facies or are eroded by wave ravinement during transgression. Consequently, the tops of coals or gleyed palaeosols correlate to the bases of regional marine mudstones elsewhere in McMurray Depocentre. Stratigraphic cross sections showcase palaeoshoreline regression and transgression. During the Lower McMurray and B1 depositional units, widespread coals and palaeosols indicate the palaeoshoreline resided near the western edge of Firebag Tributary. Regression during C2 through B2 depositional units and A2 and A1 depositional units resulted in palaeoshorelines near the Alberta–Saskatchewan border. To complement a previously dated Lower McMurray ash (121.39 ± 0.2 Ma), a new high‐confidence maximum depositional age from ash in the B1 coal seam (115.09 ± 0.16 Ma) allows an estimate to be made of depositional duration, indicating depositional units represent ca 0.16 Myr.
The artemis package for environmental DNA analysis in R
Authors: Espe Matthew B. , Johnston Myfanwy , Blankenship Scott M. , Dean Cheryl A. , Bowen Mark D. , Schultz Andrew , Schumer Gregg 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe introduce artemis, a new package for the R statistical programming environment designed to analyze quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) data from environmental DNA studies. The artemis package directly addresses several challenges for analyzing eDNA survey data, including the censorship of data generated by qPCR analysis. The performance of artemis models is compared with commonly used regression approaches using both simulated and experimental data. We demonstrate that the models in artemis have several favorable characteristics compared with standard regression approaches, yielding more accurate estimates, less bias, and better prediction performance while offering similar ease of use. Lastly, we discuss trade‐offs and considerations for choosing the most appropriate analysis approach for eDNA survey data.
Effect of implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators in patients with non‐ischaemic systolic heart failure and concurrent coronary atherosclerosis
Authors: Byrne Christina , Ahlehoff Ole , Elming Marie Bayer , Pedersen Frants , Pehrson Steen , Nielsen Jens C. , Eiskjær Hans , Videbæk Lars , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Haarbo Jens , Thøgersen Anna Margrethe , Køber Lars , Thune Jens Jakob 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsProphylactic implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICD) reduce mortality in patients with ischaemic heart failure (HF), whereas the effect of ICD in patients with non‐ischaemic HF is less clear. We aimed to investigate the association between concomitant coronary atherosclerosis and mortality in patients with non‐ischaemic HF and the effect of ICD implantation in these patients.Methods and resultsPatients were included from DANISH (Danish Study to Assess the Efficacy of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Patients with Non‐Ischaemic Systolic Heart Failure on Mortality), randomizing patients to ICD or control. Study inclusion criteria for HF were left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 35% and increased levels (>200 pg/mL) of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide. Of the 1116 patients from DANISH, 838 (75%) patients had available data from coronary angiogram and were included in this subgroup analysis. We used Cox regression to assess the relationship between coronary atherosclerosis and mortality and the effect of ICD implantation. Of the included patients, 266 (32%) had coronary atherosclerosis. Of these, 216 (81%) had atherosclerosis without significant stenoses, and 50 (19%) had significant stenosis. Patients with atherosclerosis were significantly older {67 [interquartile range (IQR) 61–73] vs. 61 [IQR 54–68] years; P < 0.0001}, and more were men (77% vs. 70%; P = 0.03). During a median follow‐up of 64.3 months (IQR 47–82), 174 (21%) of the patients died. The effect of ICD on all‐cause mortality was not modified by coronary atherosclerosis [hazard ratio (HR) 0.94; 0.58–1.52; P = 0.79 vs. HR 0.82; 0.56–1.20; P = 0.30], P for interaction = 0.67. In univariable analysis, coronary atherosclerosis was a significant predictor of all‐cause mortality [HR, 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.91; P = 0.03]. However, this association disappeared when adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors (age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and estimated glomerular filtration rate) (HR 1.05, 0.76–1.45, P = 0.76).ConclusionsIn patients with non‐ischaemic systolic heart failure, ICD implantation did not reduce all‐cause mortality in patients either with or without concomitant coronary atherosclerosis. The concomitant presence of coronary atherosclerosis was associated with increased mortality. However, this association was explained by other risk factors.
Tumor‐associated human dendritic cell subsets: Phenotype, functional orientation, and clinical relevance
Authors: Plesca Ioana , Müller Luise , Böttcher Jan P. , Medyouf Hind , Wehner Rebekka , Schmitz Marc 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDCs play a pivotal role in orchestrating innate and adaptive antitumor immunity. Activated DCs can produce large amounts of various proinflammatory cytokines, initiate T‐cell responses, and exhibit direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. They also efficiently enhance the antitumoral properties of NK cells and T lymphocytes. Based on these capabilities, immunogenic DCs promote tumor elimination and are associated with improved survival of patients. Furthermore, they can essentially contribute to the clinical efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer patients. However, depending on their intrinsic properties and the tumor microenvironment, DCs can be rendered dysfunctional and mediate tolerance by producing immunosuppressive cytokines and activating Treg cells. Such tolerogenic DCs can foster tumor progression and are linked to poor prognosis of patients. Here, we focus on recent studies exploring the phenotype, functional orientation, and clinical relevance of tumor‐infiltrating conventional DC1, conventional DC2, plasmacytoid DCs, and monocyte‐derived DCs in translational and clinical settings. In addition, recent findings demonstrating the influence of DCs on the efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies are summarized.
Designing Supramolecular Triaminoguanidine‐Based Cobalt(II) Complexes Inspired by Their Zinc(II) Analogs
Authors: Sturm Lisa , Becker Marcus , van Leusen Jan , Oppel Iris M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNovel cobalt(II) containing compounds of tris‐(2‐pyridinylene‐N‐oxide)triaminoguanidine ligands L2− are presented: the supramolecular metallocycle [Co6(OOCMe)3(NCS)3L3]4 and the one‐dimensional coordination polymer {[Co3(μ‐OOCMe)3L]NO3}n. Analog zinc(II) complexes show similar to identical structures that are slightly influenced by different preferences regarding the coordination number. In the polymers, the coordination number is five, which is less common for zinc(II) and rare for cobalt(II). The compounds are characterized by single‐crystal as well as powder X‐ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and ESI mass spectrometry. Magnetic measurements revealed predominantly antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between the cobalt(II) centers linked by the triaminoguanidine backbone.
Passion fruit seed extract protects beta‐amyloid‐induced neuronal cell death in a differentiated human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cell model
Authors: Sato Akira , Tagai Nozomi , Ogino Yoko , Uozumi Haruka , Kawakami Shinpei , Yamamoto Takayuki , Tanuma Sei‐ichi , Maruki‐Uchida Hiroko , Mori Sadao , Morita Minoru 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with accompanying perceptive disorder. We previously reported that decreasing levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promoted beta‐amyloid (Aβ)‐induced neuronal cell death in neuron‐like differentiated SH‐SY5Y (ndSH‐SY5Y) human neuroblastoma cells in an AD mimic cell model. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of passion fruit seed extract (PFSE) and one of the main stilbene compounds, piceatannol, in an AD cell model using ndSH‐SY5Y cells. Both PFSE and piceatannol were found to protect Aβ‐induced neurite fragmentation in the cell model (protection efficacy; 34% in PFSE and 36% in piceatannol). In addition, both PFSE and piceatannol suppress Aβ‐induced neuronal cell death in the cell model (inhibitory effect; 27% in PFSE and 32% in piceatannol). Our study is the first to report that piceatannol‐rich PFSE can repress Aβ‐induced neuronal cell death by protecting against neurite fragmentation in the AD human cell model. These findings suggest that piceatannol‐rich PFSE can be considered a potentially neuroprotective functional food for both prevention and treatment of AD.
Turbulent impinging jets on rough surfaces
Authors: Secchi Francesco , Häber Thomas , Gatti Davide , Schulz Sebastian , Trimis Dimosthenis , Suntz Rainer , Frohnapfel Bettina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work presents direct numerical simulations (DNS) of a circular turbulent jet impinging on rough plates. The roughness is once resolved through an immersed boundary method (IBM) and once modeled through a parametric forcing approach (PFA) which accounts for surface roughness effects by applying a forcing term into the Navier–Stokes equations within a thin layer in the near‐wall region. The DNS with the IBM setup is validated using optical flow field measurements over a smooth and a rough plate with similar statistical surface properties. In the study, IBM‐resolved cases are used to show that the PFA is capable of reproducing mean flow features well at large wall‐normal distances, while less accurate predictions are observed in the near‐wall region. The demarcation between these two regions is approximately identified with the mean wall height of the surface roughness distribution. Based on the observed differences in the results between IBM‐ and PFA‐resolved cases, plausible future improvements of the PFA are suggested.
p21‐activated kinase 4 inhibition protects against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury: Role of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 phosphorylation
Authors: Mao Yuancheng , Han Chang Yeob , Hao Lihua , Lee Younho , Son Jung Beom , Choi Hwangeun , Lee Mi Rin , Yang Jae Do , Hong Suk Kyun , Suh Kyung‐Suk , Yu Hee Chul , Kim Nam Doo , Bae Eun Ju , Park Byung‐Hyun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
p21‐activated kinase 4 (PAK4), an oncogenic protein, has emerged as a promising target for anticancer drug development. Its role in oxidative stress conditions, however, remains elusive. We investigated the effects of PAK4 signaling on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Approach and Results
Hepatocyte‐ and myeloid‐specific Pak4 knockout (KO) mice and their littermate controls were subjected to a partial hepatic I/R (HIR) injury. We manipulated the catalytic activity of PAK4, either through genetic engineering (gene knockout, overexpression of wild‐type [WT] or dominant‐negative kinase) or pharmacological inhibitor, coupled with a readout of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity, to test the potential function of PAK4 on HIR injury. PAK4 expression was markedly up‐regulated in liver during HIR injury in mice and humans. Deletion of PAK4 in hepatocytes, but not in myeloid cells, ameliorated liver damages, as demonstrated in the decrease in hepatocellular necrosis and inflammatory responses. Conversely, the forced expression of WT PAK4 aggravated the pathological changes. PAK4 directly phosphorylated Nrf2 at T369, and it led to its nuclear export and proteasomal degradation, all of which impaired antioxidant responses in hepatocytes. Nrf2 silencing in liver abolished the protective effects of PAK4 deficiency. A PAK4 inhibitor protected mice from HIR injury.

Conclusions
PAK4 phosphorylates Nrf2 and suppresses its transcriptional activity. Genetic or pharmacological suppression of PAK4 alleviates HIR injury. Thus, PAK4 inhibition may represent a promising intervention against I/R‐induced liver injury.
A study of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase rare variants in myeloid neoplasia
Authors: Gurnari Carmelo , Wahida Adam , Pagliuca Simona , Durmaz Arda , Zawit Misam , Haferlach Torsten , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. , Visconte Valeria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTelomere dysfunctions are associated with several hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) malignancies. Recent findings have indicated that the occurrence of rare variants of unknown significance (VUS) in the Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) gene influences the outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes undergoing allogeneic HSC transplantation. However, the role of TERT variants has been historically controversial as initially considered pathogenic variants (H412Y, A202T) presenting functional consequences, were found very frequent in general population questioning their pathogenicity and risk allele significance. Herein, we show that overall TERT VUS are non‐recurrent in myeloid disorders and cannot be considered risk alleles individually nor can their biological impact.
Surviving remotely: How job control and loneliness during a forced shift to remote work impacted employee work behaviors and well‐being
Authors: Becker William J. , Belkin Liuba Y. , Tuskey Sarah E. , Conroy Samantha A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of job control and work‐related loneliness on employee work behaviors and well‐being during the massive and abrupt move to remote work amid the COVID‐19 pandemic. We draw on job‐demands control and social baseline theory to link employee perceived job control and work‐related loneliness to emotional exhaustion and work‐life balance and posit direct and indirect effects on employee minor counterproductive work behaviors, depression, and insomnia. Using a two‐wave data collection with a sample of U.S. working adults to test our predictions, we find that high job control was beneficially related to emotional exhaustion and work‐life balance, while high work‐related loneliness showed detrimental relationships with our variables of interest. Moreover, we find that the beneficial impact of high perceived job control was conditional on individual segmentation preferences such that the effects were stronger when segmentation preference was low. Our research extends the literature on remote work, job control, and workplace loneliness. It also provides insights for human resource professionals to manage widespread remote work that is likely to persist long after the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Thermal structure controlled by morphometry and light attenuation across subtropical reservoirs
Authors: Liu Miao , Zhang Yunlin , Zhou Yongqiang , Shi Kun , Zhu Guangwei , Sun Xiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThermal stratification in lakes has multiple physical, chemical, and ecological implications. Previous studies have identified the driving factors of thermal stratification in tropical and high‐latitude lakes, but their relative contributions in forming thermal structure among different deep reservoirs have received little attention. Here, the water temperature profiles, light attenuation, water substances, morphometry, and wind speed in 15 deep reservoirs in the subtropical hilly area of eastern China were measured in August 2018 (during a stable stratified period). Mixed layer depth (MLD) was positively correlated with water depth, fetch and wind speed, and negatively correlated with light attenuation. Metalimnion thickness (MT) was positively correlated with water depth, and negatively with light attenuation. The result of the multi‐linear regression analysis shows that light attenuation can better explain the variation in MLD than reservoir morphometry and wind speed. Differences in MT among these reservoirs mainly relied on water depth and light attenuation variations. Our results quantize the effect of related factors in controlling thermal stratification across deep subtropical reservoirs, suggesting that continued decrease in transparency and wind speed will strongly affect reservoir stratification.