bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Spontaneous Preterm Birth at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka Zambia
Authors: Mwansa Kaindu , Ahmed Y , Vwalika B 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence, sociodemographic and maternal factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth in women delivering at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on postnatal women delivering at UTH Lusaka. Between 1st February 2018 and 31st august 2018, a structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic, past and present medical and obstetric history. Babies were physically examined to assess for gestational age using the Finnstrom scoring. A sample size of 210 women was collected out of which 105 had preterm and 105 term deliveries. The risk of spontaneous preterm birth was estimated with OR and 95%CI for several predictors. A logistic regression analysis was then performed to identify independently associated factors.
Results: The mean gestation age was 33.1weeks and 39.4 weeks respectively for preterm and term pregnancies. Of the preterm births, 48 (45.7%) were ranged between 34+0 and 36+6 weeks. Four babies were born with a weight 1000gr and 58 (52.3%) with weight between 1500-2499gr. The prevalence of spontaneous preterm birth was 7.7%. On multivariate analysis, age was not associated with preterm birth (p=0.06). Single status was (OR :2.65, p=0.001), low education level (OR:3.85, p=0.03), low family income (OR: 7.75, p=0.025) and.549 alcohol intake (OR:2, P=0.006) were significantly associated with preterm birth. For the maternal factors, Parity was not associated with preterm birth (p=0.878). However, gestational age of less than 20weeks at booking was protective (OR: 0.485, P=0.013). A few antenatal visits was significantly associated with preterm birth (OR: 8.06, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Spontaneous preterm birth remains a major problem at UTH Lusaka with the prevalence of 7.7%. Being single, low education level, low family income, occasional alcohol drinking and fewer antenatal visits were significantly associated with preterm birth. However, early booking at less than 20 weeks was protective.
Factors associated with response to Androgen Deprivation Therapy in patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer at the University Teaching Hospital Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Savopoulos Vanessa A.S. , Mapulanga Victor 
Published: November 2022

Background: Prostate cancer in most cases is dependent on the presence of androgens (testosterone) produced either by the testis or adrenal gland. The major risk factors for development include aging, ethnicity and genetic predisposition. Organ confined prostate cancer is curable by surgery or radiotherapy while metastatic disease is treated by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). ADT can be achieved medically (gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists or antagonists) or surgically (bilateral orchiectomy). A decrease in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) is used as a marker of response to ADT. Metastatic prostate cancer has been found to be the most common cause of death in the urology department at the University Teaching Hospitals – Adult Hospital even after ADT, therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the pre-treatment factors that can be used to determine the response to ADT.
Methodology: This was a cross section study conducted at the University Teaching Hospitals- Adult Hospital and Cancer Diseases Hospital. It was carried out between December 2017 and September 2018. Patients with metastatic prostate cancer were recruited. Socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation and histopathological findings were elicited by detailed history and file review. PSA and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score were obtained prior to ADT commencement. ADT was done and patients were scheduled for a three month post ADT review where PSA and ECOG performance status score were reobtained.
Results: 50 patients were recruited into the study. The total patient retention was 88% (n=44). The average age was 71. Majority, 89% (n=39) had some level of education; 98% (n=43) had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS); 11% (n=5) had paraplegia. 98% (n=43) had bone metastasis. Duration of symptoms at presentation was > 6 months in 75% (n=33) patients. ECOG score was above 1 in 75% (n=33). Initial PSA was above 100ng/ml in 75% (n=38). All patients had Gleason scores above 7. All patients had a drop in PSA after ADT. The average PSA percentage drop in men below 60 years was 80.5% whereas the average percentage drop in PSA with regards to other factors was 91.19%.
Conclusion: All patients had androgen dependant cancers. These patients also had high risk prostate cancer with initial PSA values above 100ng/ml and Gleason scores above 7. Of all the factors analysed, age below 60 years was found to be the only clinically significant factor associated with poor response to ADT.
A Bibliometric analysis of alcohol and substance use prevention research in Africa
Authors: Tapera Roy , Mupara Lucia M. , Matsetse Morekwe Selemogwe- , Kehumile Johane T. , Gaogane Lebogang , Tsholofelo Ellen , Murambiwa Pretty 
Published: November 2022

Background:
In response to international efforts to prevent alcohol and substance use we designed this study to give a bibliometric overview of research productivity in alcohol and substance use prevention in Africa.
Methods:
Review of original research articles authored or co-authored by investigators from African countries on substance use prevention during the period 2008-2018 were done through retrieving them from, Web of Science (WoS), Ebscohost and Pubmed (National Library of Medicine). Key words related to alcohol and substance use were used to retrieve relevant literature.
Results:
Our search returned 3600 hits, with 34 studies retained. Included studies were conducted in 12 countries across the five regions in Africa (Central, East, North, South and West) and spreading over an 11-year period, 2008-2018. The annual published articles showed a significant rise from 2008 to 2018 with South Africa being ranked number one with a total of 9 (31%) published articles followed by Kenya 4 (13.8%). Bronwyn Myers from South Africa and Atwoli et al from Kenya were the most prolific authors. Age and gender were the most reported risk factors in the selected studies. Medical Research Council of South Africa, Stellenbosch University and Moi University are the active Institutions in alcohol and drug use prevention research.
Conclusions:
There were few collaborations among Africans themselves yet these collaborations would enhance future alcohol and substance use prevention research productivity. Currently, a wide spectrum of substance use prevention interventions have been implemented throughout the African continent, ranging from individual to community based interventions.
Factors Influencing the Knowledge and Practice of Emergency Contraception among Nigerian Male Undergraduates
Authors: Ogunbode Olayinka O. , Agboola Adebayo 
Published: November 2022

Background: Unwanted pregnancies among young women is a growing reproductive health concern.Correct and consistent use of contraception will stop this ugly trend while emergency contraception (EC) can also be viewed as a 'second chance method' in preventing unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and practice of emergency contraception among Nigerian male undergraduates as they areknown to have risky sexual behaviours.
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study involving three hundred and thirty male undergraduates from three Tertiary institutions in Ibadan. A Multi-staged random sampling technique was used to recruit participants.Results: Knowledge about EC was poor among majority (74.5%) of male undergraduates. About 55.2% of the participants were sexually active and out of which 33.9% are currently using EC. The commonly (67.5%) used EC by their partners waslevonorgestrel only pill (Postinor). Participants with higher levels of education, awareness of EC, previous use or having a partner who had previously used EC, participants who had sex within the past 6 months and those who were willing to recommend EC to others had a better knowledge of EC, which were all statistically significant.
Conclusion: Providing accurate information to improve knowledge of EC among young men could lead to an increase in the uptake of EC.
Road traffic injuries among children in Dakar, Senegal
Authors: MOHAMED Azhar Salim , Mbaye Pape Alassane , Fall Mbaye , Sagna Aloise , Ndoye Ndeye Aby , Diaby Alou , Diallo Fatima , Ndour Oumar , Ngom Gabriel 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Road traffic injuries (RTI) are a major public health problem and contribute significantly to the global burden. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of RTIs in children and to determine their socio-demographic and lesional characteristics.
Patients and methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study over a two-year period from January 2015 to December 2016 conducted at the Department of Pediatric Surgery at the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar. Included were all children under the age of 16 victims of a RTI. We studied various parameters relating to the victims (sex, age, education) and the accident (location and time of occurrence of the accident, circumstances and mechanism, duration of admission to the emergency unit, localization and type of lesion). The data was entered and processed using Microsoft Office Word and Excel 2010 software.
Results: Among the 425 cases received, 62.6% were boys and 37.4% girls. The average age of the children was 7.7 years. RTIs occurred mainly in pedestrian (63.8%) who wanted to cross the road. There were more accidents in the city-center area (64.9%) and during afternoons (61%). Lesions of the soft parts (wounds, contusion and decay) were predominated (89.6%) followed by fractures. The upper limbs were the main locations of trauma.
Conclusion: RTIs are common among children in Dakar. Boys crossing roads are the largest number of victims. Soft tissue trauma predominates and is mainly found on the thoracic limbs.
Risk factors of self-extubation in intensive care. Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Laverde-Sabogal Carlos Eduardo , Espinosa-Almanza Carmelo José , Patiño-Hernández Daniela , Rodríguez-Escallón Horacio , Aguado-Valderrama Juan Camilo , Lara-Monsalve Paula 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Acute respiratory failure remains one of the three leading causes of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Self-extubation is an adverse outcome requiring reintubation in 50% of cases.
Objective: To assess for determinants (risk factors) of self-extubation and mortality in the ICU by using a generalized estimation equation model (GEE).
Methods: The data was collected from a retrospective cohort study from 2017-2020 including all patients admitted to the ICU with mechanical ventilation. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. Then, a GEE model was conducted to predict the risk of self-extubation and mortality.
Results: A total of 857 subjects were included, with a mean age of 60.5 +/- 17 years-old. Most of the subjects were males (55.2%). An 8.99-fold risk (95%CI 3.83-21.1, p<0.01) of self-extubation was identified in patients with agitation. Exposure to infusion of neuromuscular blockade was also found to increase the risk of self-extubation 3.37 times (95%CI 1.31-8.68, p=0.01). No associations were identified between immobilization and self-extubation (OR 1.38 95%CI 0.76-2.51, p=0.29). Finally, light sedation according to the Richmond Sedation Scale (RASS) between 0 to -2 rather than moderate (RASS-3) reduces the risk of mortality (OR 0.57, 95%CI 0.38-0.83, p<0.01).
Conclusions: The main factors resulting in self-extubation were: agitation, delirium, and infusion of neuromuscular blocking agents. An association was found between light sedation and a lower risk of mortality. No association was found between the use of physical restraint and the desired outcome.
Natural Vegetation and Ethnobotany of Bali
Authors: Kuswata Kartawinata  , Roemantyo  , Ary Prihardhyanto Keim  , Sujarwo Wawan 
Published: November 2022

Bali Island has a vast extent of vegetation, and the Balinese have good use of this in cultural, religious, and daily access aspects. This book uncovers the study of vegetation in Bali, extending from the seaside to the mountains. Moreover, in the ethnobotanical aspect, this book presents the result of a study on how Balinese people utilize the biodiversity bestowed on them. The first part of this book will present the research on Bali's vegetation status. After we comprehend the diversity of Bali's natural vegetation, the second part of this book shows a comprehensive directory about the use of plants among Balinese, including which part of the plants is used. We hope that this book will be a contribution to the knowledge of Bali biodiversity’s status and thus become a reference for Bali’s native vegetation. Furthermore, we hope that book will be a data source on Balinese local wisdom of biodiversity utilization.
Inovasi Teknologi Pemrosesan Biomassa Menjadi Biofuel untuk Mendukung Penerapan Energi Baru dan Terbarukan (EBT)
Authors: Rizal Alamsyah  
Published: November 2022

Kebaruan-kebaruan dalam proses pembuatan EBT terus dikembangkan. Inovasi reaktor static mixer dan proses pencucian kering biodisel menghasilkan efsisensi energi proses transesterifikasi dan penurunan biaya pengolahan biodisel. Kebaruan teknologi reaktor static mixer dan pencuaian kering ini juga dapat menyingkat waktu pengolahan biodiesel dan proses pencuciannya tanpa menggunakan air panas. Pembuatan pelet dari biomassa hasil pertanian dan perkebunan menjadikan bahan bakar padat yang mudah dikemas, ramah lingkungan, serta bisa dikoversi menjadi gas sintetis yang bisa digunakan untuk pemasakan dan pengeringan. Inovasi reaktor separasi MCT, adalah inovasi proses yang mampu memisahkan asam lemak rantai menengah dari minyak kelapa atau sawit menjadi produk yang bernilai tambah yaitu senyawa olein dan stearin secara sempurna.
Comprehensive childcare management seen from the nursing leadership in the referral and counter-referral of a service network
Authors: Copa Sonia Beatriz 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: care management includes the design of instruments for the collection of data in an organized manner, on events of interest in health, whether individually, family or collectively.
Objective: to evaluate the perception of comprehensive childcare management offered by nursing in a management system based on referral and counter-referral of an integrated network of health services.
Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the month of November 2020. An ad hoc questionnaire was used and the Networks in comprehensive care document was taken as a reference to evaluate attitudes and practices. A pilot test was carried out as internal validation. of the instrument with a Cronbach's alpha of 0,86.
Results: it was obtained that 91 % were represented by women, the average age was 40 ± 9,4, 86 % of the nurses are professionals, the average seniority in the institutions was 5.8 ± 3, 7 years. 81 % know what an RISS is and 71 % know its attributes. 52 % do not know the terms of reference and counter-reference. 86 % do not perceive nursing governance within the network and the involvement of nursing governance in the network is not representative.
Conclusions: the nursing staff do not perceive themselves as part of it, nor do they manage terms of reference and counter-reference. Difficulties in care management due to little interference and lack of nursing governance are appreciated
Quality of care and nursing care in the emergency service seen from the perspective of the patient
Authors: Farías Mirta Esther 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: patient satisfaction is defined as the adequacy of her expectations with the final perception of the health service received.
Objective: to determine the level of satisfaction with the quality of care and nursing care from the perspective of patients.
Method: a prospective descriptive study was carried out in the emergency service of Hospital Samic Alem level II. Dr. Juan Fernando Alegre, Missions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. An ad hoc semi-structured face-to-face questionnaire was used, with 2 variables under study: sociodemographic characteristics and perception of quality in organization (structure, professionalism, actions and technical capacity of nurses in care in the on-call service).
Results: 85 % felt satisfied with the organizational and structural quality, 62 % with the signage, 51 % with the waiting time and 92 % with respect for privacy. Low satisfaction with service organization and cleanliness. High satisfaction with the quality of actions, treatment, information provided and procedures of nurses, low satisfaction with the identification of nurses with patients. Waiting time was related to satisfaction in two of the three study variables.
Conclusions: the perception of general satisfaction was good regarding the structural conditions, care and quality of nursing professional performance, but not so in the identification of nursing staff and cleaning and organization of the service
قياس تكاليف أضرار الضوضاء من منظور محاسبة المسؤولية الاجتماعية: دراسة تطبيقية في مدينة إب ـ الجمهورية اليمنية
Authors: السمحـــي فؤاد احمـــد محمــد العفيـــــــــــــري  و محمد حمود أحمـد 
Published: November 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان قياس تكاليف أضرار الضوضاء في الشوارع الرئيسية في مدينة إب اليمنية وتحديد أحجام التغيرات النسبية على التكاليف من منظور محاسبة المسؤولية الاجتماعية.
وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن الطريقة المناسبة في قياس تكاليف أضرار الضوضاء تكمن في تحليل الأضرار واحتساب متوسط تكلفة الضرر بوصفها قيماً جدولية للوصول إلى إجمالي تكاليف أضرار الضوضاء، تم استخدام الدالة اللوغاريتمية التي بينت أن هناك تغيرات نسبية في بنود التكاليف تزداد بزيادة حالات المرضى وتنخفض بانخفاض الحالات في ظل ثبات متوسط تكلفة الحالة المحسوبة التي تربط الضرر بالتكاليف خلال فترتين زمنيتين.
A Comparative study between Male and Female with Type 2 Diabetic based on the effect of cinnamon supplementation on fasting serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels, and blood pressure
Authors: Assag Khaled M. , Al-kahtany Ahmed A. , Aldoais Abdulfatah M. N. Al homaidy  &Ammar M. 
Published: November 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of cinnamon on Fasting Serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels and, Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) between men and women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: The 44 type 2 diabetic individuals were divided in 2 groups. Each group had 22 individuals and were randomly assigned to take either a cinnamon or a placebo capsule two times a day (2g/day) for 60 days in a double-blind study.
Results: After 60 days, consumption 2 g/day of cinnamon reduced the mean fasting serum glucose to (– 11.7 % and – 35.5%), triglyceride (– 21.9 % and – 23.4%), total cholesterol (–31.52% and –24.29%), SBP (–10.86% and –17.7%) and DBP was reduced to (-4.1% and -0.22%) for female and male respectively.; no significant changes were noted in the placebo groups. There were changes at 60 days in fasting serum glucose and were significant (p<0.05) for male comparing to female and there was significant (P<0.05) effect of cinnamon doses on the concentration of cholesterol level in type 2 diabetic for female comparing to male.
Conclusion: In the light of this research, it is recommended that individuals who have high fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol and blood pressure levels should use cinnamon in their food preparations on regular basis.
Key words: Cinnamon, Type 2 Diabetes, Fasting Serum Glucose, Diastolic Blood Pressure.

الملخص
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى مقارنة تأثير القرفة على سكر الدم الصائم والدهون الثلاثية والكوليسترول وضغط الدم الانقباضي والانبساطي بين الذكور والإناث المصابين بمرض السكري نوع 2. شملت الدراسة 44 مريض سكري نوع 2 من كلا الجنسين (الذكور والإناث) وتم تقسيمهم إلى مجموعتين كل مجموعة مكونة من 22 شخص، تم تعيين الاختيار بشكل عشوائي إما كبسولات القرفة أو الدواء الوهمي لتناولها مرتين في اليوم (2جرام/يوم) لمدة 60 يوم في دراسة تامة التعشية. بعد 60 يوما من استهلاك 2 جرام من القرفة انخفضت نسبة سكر الدم الصائم إلى (-11.7% و -35.5%)، الدهون الثلاثية إلى (-21.9% و -23.4%), الكوليسترول إلى (-31.52% و -24.29%), ضغط الدم الانقباضي إلى (-10.68% و -17.7%), ضغط الدم الانبساطي إلى (-4.1% و -0.22%) للإناث والذكور على التوالي; ولا توجد فروق معنوية على مجموعة الدواء الوهمي.
كانت هناك فروق معنوية (p<0.05) للذكور مقارنة بالإناث عند استخدام القرفة لمدة 60 يوم في جلوكوز الدم الصائم وهناك أيضا فروق معنوية (p<0.05) للإناث مقارنة بالذكور في مستوى الكوليسترول لمرضى السكري نوع 2. وعلى ضوء هذا البحث، يوصى الأشخاص الذين لديهم ارتفاع في سكر الدم الصائم والدهون الثلاثية والكوليسترول، باستخدام القرفة مع وجباتهم الغذائية بشكل منتظم.
2 - Democracia ambiental em Moçambique: congruências legais e contradições práticas
Authors: Meloni Giuseppe , Machanguia Ana Lúcia César 
Published: November 2022

In the last decades, the protection of the environment towards a sustainable development is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. This research aims to understand Mozambique’s commitment to attentive governance that promotes Environmental Democracy. This qualitative research is theoretical (bibliographic-documental) and makes use of the analytical and comparative method to find an answer to the following problem: Mozambique has always been present at international summits on the environment, signed the various protocols, consistently agreed, but it still faces difficulties in pursuing the objectives set at the level of governance (legislative, executive and judicial). There are several obstacles in Mozambique’s journey to become a Democratic State of Environmental Law, in line with environmental law recognized as a human right. The results of this research are challenging: in Mozambique there is little talk of environmental democracy, and the local literature on the subject is scarce. The need for greater and direct public participation in the implementation processes of major projects for the exploitation of natural resources and investments that delay the local development is widely recognized.

Giuseppe Meloni, University Professor, General Director of the Instituto Superior Dom Bosco (ISDB) – Maputo, Mozambique. Email: meloniscj@gmail.com
Ana Lúcia César Machanguia, Instituto Superior Mutasa (Management), Mozambique. PhD student in Social Sustainability and Development, Universidade Aberta de Lisboa, Portugal. Email: analumachanguia@gmail.com