bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of reusable menstrual management materials and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Ghana: analysis of the 2017/18 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey
Authors: Anaba Emmanuel Anongeba , Udofia Emilia Asuquo , Manu Adom , Daniels Anita Anima , Aryeetey Richmond 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The use of unsafe materials to collect menstrual blood predisposes women and girls to infections. There is a paucity of literature on the utilization of reusable menstrual materials in sub-Saharan Africa. This study examined factors associated with the use of reusable menstrual management materials among women of reproductive age in Ghana. Findings from this study can inform menstrual health programmes and reproductive health policy to address menstrual hygiene and specific areas of emphasis.

Methods
We analysed secondary data from the 2017/18 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Descriptive statistics were employed to compute frequencies and percentages, while Chi-square and complex sample Binomial Logistic Regression was conducted to identify factors associated with the use of reusable menstrual materials.

Results
Half (52%) of the respondents were below 30 years old; mean (± sd) = 30.7(9.0). Thirteen percent used reusable materials to collect menstrual blood during their last period. Women aged 45–49 years (AOR = 5.34; 95% CI 3.47–8.19) were 5 times more likely to manage menstruation with reusable materials compared with those aged 15–19 years (p < 0.05). Women classified in the middle wealth quintile (AOR = 0.66; 95% CI 0.50–0.88) were 34% less likely to use reusable materials to collect menstrual blood compared with women in the poorest wealth quintile (p < 0.05). Also, women who were exposed to television (AOR = 0.78; 95% CI 0.61–0.99) had less odds of using reusable materials compared with women who were not exposed to television (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
This study showed that the use of reusable menstrual materials was influenced by socio-demographic factors, economic factors and exposure to mass media. Therefore, policies and programmes aimed at promoting menstrual health should focus on less privileged women. The mass media presents an opportunity for communicating menstrual hygiene.
The prevalence of using complementary and alternative medicine products among patients with pressure ulcer
Authors: Karimianfard Niloofar , Jaberi Azita 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies has increased in recent years throughout the world and in Iran. Nonetheless, there are limited data about the prevalence of their use. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of using CAM therapies among patients with pressure ulcer (PU).

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019–2020. Participants were 299 patients with PU conveniently selected from wound clinics and healthcare settings in Shiraz, Iran. A demographic questionnaire and the International Questionnaire to Measure Use of CAM were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software (v. 22.0).

Results
All 299 participants completed the study. Their mean age was 59.56 ± 18.76 years. The most common CAM therapies used for PU management were herbal products (100%), vitamin supplementation therapy (45.2%), spiritual therapies (21.7%), wet cupping therapy (16.4%), leech therapy (9.4%), acupuncture (1.7%), dry cupping therapy (1.3%), and massage therapy (1.3%). The most common herbal product used for PU management was Pistacia atlantica gum either alone or in combination with other herbal products (15.5%). The use of CAM therapies had significant relationship with participants’ age, underlying conditions, and PU stage (P < 0.05) and the most significant predictor of using herbal products for PU was educational level (P < 0.05, OR = 5.098).

Conclusions
The use of CAM therapies, particularly herbal products, for PU management is high in Iran. Quality public education and close professional supervision are needed for the safe use of these products.
Study of patients' attitude to automatic interpretation of laboratory test results and its influence on follow-up rate
Authors: Kopanitsa Georgy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
One of the current major factors of not following up on the abnormal test results is the lack of information about the test results and missing interpretations. Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can become a solution to this problem. However, little is known how patients react to the automatically generated interpretations of the test results, and how this can affect a decision to follow up. In this research, we study how patients perceive the interpretations of the laboratory tests automatically generated by a clinical decision support system depending on how they receive these recommendations and how this affects the follow-up rate.

Methods
A study of 3200 patients was done querying the regional patient registry. The patients were divided into 4 groups who received:

Recommendations automatically generated by a CDSS with a clear indication of their automatic nature.

Recommendations received personally from a doctor with a clear indication of their automatic nature.

Recommendations from a doctor with no indication of their automated generation.

No recommendations, only the test results.

A follow-up rate was calculated as the proportion of patients referred to a laboratory service for a follow-up investigation after receiving a recommendation within two weeks after the first test with abnormal test results had been completed and the interpretation was delivered to the patient. The second phase of the study was a research of the patients’ motivation. It was performed with a group of 789 patients.

Results
All the patients who received interpretations on the abnormal test results demonstrated a significantly higher rate of follow-up (71%) in comparison to the patients who received only test results without interpretations (49%). Patients mention a time factor as a significant benefit of the automatically generated interpretations in comparison to the interpretations they can receive from a doctor.

Conclusion
The results of the study show that delivering automatically generated interpretations of test results can support patients in making a decision to follow up. They are trusted by patients and raise their motivations and engagement.
Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine and parasite resistance: cross-sectional surveys from antenatal care visit and delivery in rural Ghana
Authors: Mama Atikatou , Ahiabor Charity , Tornyigah Bernard , Frempong Naa Adjeley , Kusi Kwadwo A. , Adu Bright , Courtin David , Houzé Sandrine , Deloron Philippe , Ofori Michael F. , Anang Abraham K. , Ariey Frédéric , Ndam Nicaise Tuikue 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite decades of prevention efforts, the burden of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) remains a great public health concern. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), used as intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp-SP) is an important component of the malaria prevention strategy implemented in Africa. However, IPTp-SP is under constant threat from parasite resistance, thus requires regular evaluation to inform decision-making bodies.

Methods
In two malaria endemic communities in the Volta region (Adidome and Battor), a cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in pregnant women recruited at their first antenatal care (ANC) visit and at delivery. Basic clinical and demographic information were documented and their antenatal records were reviewed to confirm IPTp-SP adherence. Peripheral and placental blood were assayed for the presence of Plasmodium falciparum parasites by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). One hundred and twenty (120) positive samples were genotyped for mutations associated with SP resistance.

Results
At first ANC visit, P. falciparum prevalence was 28.8% in Adidome and 18.2% in Battor. At delivery, this decreased to 14.2% and 8.2%, respectively. At delivery, 66.2% of the women had taken at least the recommended 3 or more doses of IPTp-SP and there was no difference between the two communities. Taking at least 3 IPTp-SP doses was associated with an average birth weight increase of more than 360 g at both study sites compared to women who did not take treatment (p = 0.003). The Pfdhfr/Pfdhps quintuple mutant IRNI-A/FGKAA was the most prevalent (46.7%) haplotype found and the nonsynonymous Pfdhps mutation at codon A581G was higher at delivery among post-SP treatment isolates (40.6%) compared to those of first ANC (10.22%). There was also an increase in the A581G mutation in isolates from women who took 3 or more IPTp-SP.

Conclusions
This study confirms a positive impact following the implementation of the new IPTp-SP policy in Ghana in increasing the birth weight of newborns. However, the selection pressure exerted by the recommended 3 or more doses of IPTp-SP results in the emergence of parasites carrying the non-synonymous mutation on codon A581G. This constant selective pressure calls into question the time remaining for the clinical utility of IPTp-SP treatment during pregnancy in Africa.
Validation of desk-based audits using Google Street View® to monitor the obesogenic potential of neighbourhoods in a pediatric sample: a pilot study in the QUALITY cohort
Authors: Roberge Jean-Baptiste , Contreras Gisèle , Kakinami Lisa , Van Hulst Andraea , Henderson Mélanie , Barnett Tracie A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The suitability of geospatial services for auditing neighbourhood features relevant to pediatric obesity remains largely unexplored. Our objectives were to (i) establish the measurement properties of a desk-based audit instrument that uses Google Street View ® to assess street- and neighbourhood-level features relevant to pediatric obesity (QUALITY-NHOOD tool, the test method) and (ii) comment on its capacity to detect changes in the built environment over an 8-year period. In order to do so, we compared this tool with an on-site auditing instrument (the reference method).

Methods
On-site audits of 55 street- and neighbourhood-level features were completed in 2008 in 512 neighbourhoods from the QUALITY cohort study. In 2015, both repeat on-site and desk-based audits were completed in a random sample of 30 of these neighbourhoods.

Results
Agreement between both methods was excellent for almost all street segment items (range 91.9–99.7%), except for road type (81.0%), ads/commercial billboards (81.7%), road-sidewalk buffer zone (76.1%), and road-bicycle path buffer zone (53.3%). It was fair to poor for perceived quality, safety and aesthetics items (range 59.9–87.6%), as well as for general impression items (range 40.0–86.7%). The desk-based method over-detected commercial billboards and road-sidewalk buffer zone, and generally rated neighbourhoods as less safe, requiring more effort to get around, and having less aesthetic appeal. Change detected over the 8-year period was generally similar for both methods, except that the desk-based method appeared to amplify the increase in the number of segments with signs of social disorder.

Conclusions
The QUALITY-NHOOD tool is deemed adequate for evaluating and monitoring changes in pedestrian- and traffic-related features applicable to pediatric populations. Applications for monitoring the obesogenic nature of neighbourhoods appear warranted.
Cultural consensus and intracultural diversity in ethnotaxonomy: lessons from a fishing community in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Renck Vítor , Apgaua Deborah M. G. , Tng David Y. P. , Bollettin Paride , Ludwig David , El-Hani Charbel N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTraditional fishing communities are strongholds of ethnobiological knowledge but establishing to what degree they harbor cultural consensus about different aspects of this knowledge has been a challenge in many ethnobiological studies.MethodsWe conducted an ethnobiological study in an artisanal fishing community in northeast Brazil, where we interviewed 91 community members (49 men and 42 women) with different type of activities (fishers and non-fishers), in order to obtain free lists and salience indices of the fish they know. To establish whether there is cultural consensus in their traditional knowledge on fish, we engaged a smaller subset of 45 participants in triad tasks where they chose the most different fish out of 30 triads. We used the similarity matrices generated from the task results to detect if there is cultural consensus in the way fish were classified by them.ResultsThe findings show how large is the community’s knowledge of fish, with 197 ethnospecies registered, of which 33 species were detected as salient or important to the community. In general, men cited more fish than women. We also found that there was no cultural consensus in the ways fish were classified.ConclusionsBoth free-listing and triad task methods revealed little cultural consensus in the way knowledge is structured and how fish were classified by community members. Our results suggest that it is prudent not to make assumptions that a given local community has a single cultural consensus model in classifying the organisms in their environment.
Barriers of linkage to HCV viremia testing among people who inject drugs in Georgia
Authors: Butsashvili Maia , Abzianidze Tinatin , Kamkamidze George , Gulbiani Lasha , Gvinjilia Lia , Kuchuloria Tinatin , Tskhomelidze Irina , Gogia Maka , Tsereteli Maia , Miollany Veronique , Kikvidze Tamar , Shadaker Shaun , Nasrullah Muazzam , Averhoff Francisco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
People who inject drugs (PWID) in Georgia have a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV). Access to care among PWID could be prioritized to meet the country’s hepatitis C elimination goals. This study assesses barriers of linkage to HCV viremia testing among PWID in Georgia.

Methods
Study participants were enrolled from 13 harm reduction (HR) centers throughout Georgia. Anti-HCV positive PWID who were tested for viremia (complete diagnosis [CD]), were compared to those not tested for viremia within 90 days of screening anti-HCV positive (not complete diagnosis [NCD]). Convenience samples of CD and NCD individuals recorded at HR centers using beneficiaries’ national ID were drawn from the National HCV Elimination Program database. Participants were interviewed about potential barriers to seeking care.

Results
A total of 500 PWID were enrolled, 245 CD and 255 NCD. CD and NCD were similar with respect to gender, age, employment status, education, knowledge of anti-HCV status, and confidence/trust in the elimination program (p > 0.05). More NCD (13.0%) than CD (7.4%) stated they were not sufficiently informed what to do after screening anti-HCV positive (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, HCV viremia testing was associated with perceived affordability of the elimination program (adjusted prevalence ratio = 8.53; 95% confidence interval: 4.14–17.62).

Conclusions
Post testing counselling and making hepatitis C services affordable could help increase HCV viremia testing among PWID in Georgia.
Hsa_circ_0001017 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion in osteosarcoma by sponging miR-145-5p
Authors: Yang Qinglei , Yu Hongying , Hu Konghe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have displayed important roles in the development and progression of various cancers. However, the functions of the majority of circRNAs in osteosarcoma (OS) remain unknown.

Methods
Circular RNA microarray analysis was performed in three OS cell lines (Saos-2, U2OS and MG63) and normal vascular endothelial cells. The co-differentially expressed circRNAs (CDECs) were identified in OS cell lines with the criterion of FDR (false discovery rate) < 0.05 and |fold change (FC)|> 2. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to validate the expression levels of selected CDECs. A series of functional assays, including MTT assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay were conducted in OS cells. The interaction between circRNA and miRNAs was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay.

Results
A total of 241 CDECs, including 75 upregulated and 166 downregulated CDECs, were identified in three OS cell lines compared with normal vascular endothelial cells. PCR validation showed that hsa_circ_0000704, hsa_circ_0001017 and hsa_circ_0005035 were all highly expression in the three OS cell lines, compared with osteoblast cell lines (HECC, hFOB1.19 and HFF-1). Functionally, overexpression of circ_0001017 significantly promoted the cell proliferation, migration and invasion and decreased apoptosis in U2OS cells. Knockdown of circ_0001017 obtained the opposite results. Circ_0001017 may downregulate miR-145-5p through direct binding. Furthermore, the expression of miR-145-5p was negatively regulated by circ_0001017 in OS cells. In addition, further functional studies indicated that miR-145-5p inhibitor eliminated the effects caused by si-circ_0001017 in OS cells.

Conclusions
In conclusion, our study suggested that circ_0001017 may be a novel oncogenic factor during the progression and development of OS by targeting miR-145-5p.
The use of joints of meat as phantoms for ultrasound-guided needling skills: a prospective blinded study
Authors: Samuel Jasmine , Kerr Euan , Young David , Watson Malcolm , Raj Diana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Needle visualisation during ultrasound-guided procedures is a skill that can be difficult to practise, with commercially available phantoms being expensive and often unrealistic. Our aim was to find an inexpensive, reproducible model that could be used to assist in developing this skill.

Methods
Pork shoulder, beef brisket, and lamb shoulder joints were compared to a standard blue ultrasound phantom. Five ‘chunky’ yarn pieces were twisted together and threaded through each joint to simulate hyperechoic nerves. Participants were instructed to ultrasound each specimen and insert a needle close to a nerve like structure. Using a visual analogue scale, specimens were scored based on realism of appearances of ultrasound images and ‘feel’ of needling.

Results
38 people participated. All specimens of meat scored significantly higher than the blue phantom (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference between the different types of meat.

Conclusions
Pork, beef and lamb joints are an effective model to use for simulation training for needling skills. They have limited lifespan, but due to its relatively low cost, it is feasible to discard the meat after each training workshop. We hope the use of inexpensive meat products will make ultrasound simulation training simpler to organise and more effective.
Research on deep correlation filter tracking based on channel importance
Authors: Yang Guosheng , Li Chunting , Chen Honglin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCorrelation filter tracking requires little prior knowledge of the tracking target (e.g., the shape, and the posture) but has a fast-tracking speed. The deep features extracted by the deep convolutional neural network have strong representation ability, so the tracking method based on the combination of correlation filter and deep convolutional neural network, named as deep correlation filter tracking, is a hot issue in the field of target tracking at present. However, the deep convolutional neural network largely restricts the real-time performance of the deep correlation filter tracking because of its complex network structure and heavy computation burden. To balance the contradiction between tracking speed and tracking accuracy, a new channel importance is defined and the channel importance based method of how to select the important channels is given in this paper. And then, a deep correlation filter tracking method based on channel importance is proposed to lighten the feature network, reduce the computation load and improve the tracking speed under the premise of ensuring the tracking accuracy. In the process of tracking, the structural similarity index measurement (SSIM) of the predicted tracking target in two consecutive frames is calculated in real-time. Based on the SSIM, determine whether the feature network needs to be updated, and decide whether the tracking fails. If the feature network needs to be updated, the feature network will be updated online while the tracking is on. If the tracking fails, the target will be searched again, and the tracking is recovered from the failure. The tracking algorithm proposed in this paper is tested on the OTB2013 data set, and the experiment shows that the tracking algorithm designed in this paper can improve the real-time performance while meeting the requirement of tracking accuracy. The online update of the feature network can make the network adapt to the complex background and target changes to improve tracking accuracy; In the case of tracking failure, the re-tracking module can search for the target again and resume tracking given that the target is always present.
A method for assessing the vitality potential of urban areas. The case study of the Metropolitan City of Cagliari, Italy
Authors: Garau Chiara , Annunziata Alfonso 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVitality and Urbanity emerge as key goals of strategies for urban sustainable development as necessary prerequisites for varied and prosperous cities. Vitality and urbanity are characteristics that emerge from the diversity of urban public spaces activities and have an impact on a people's sense of place. The proposed research examines the built environment components that impact urbanity and vitality and develops an analytic method for quantifying the potential of urban form to promote urbanity and vitality. The research investigates four aspects: (i) the conceptualization of urbanity and vitality; (ii) the identification of factors affecting urbanity and vitality; (iii) the definition of indicators and protocols; (iv) the application of the proposed analytic method for measuring the vitality potential of the Metropolitan City of Cagliari (MCC), in Sardinia, Italy. This study underlines the relevance of combining space syntax and spatial analysis techniques in order to address four issues concerning sustainable urban development: quantitative description of urban-friendly conditions, identification of spatial manifestations of social and economic processes, understanding of criticalities, and formulation of policies and strategies for reinforcing vibrant urban spaces. Thus, the proposed analytic method contributes to the application of the Geodesign paradigm to the urban realm by supporting the understanding of the conditions affecting the vitality and urbanity of the built environment.