bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth Patterns of Children With Short Stature in Adulthood According to Auxological Status and Maturity at Birth
Authors: Pfäffle Roland , Knüpfer Matthias , Göbert Melanie , Vogel Mandy , Gausche Ruth , Beger Christoph , Keller Eberhard , Körner Antje , Thome Ulrich , Kiess Wieland 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Prematurity carries a risk for impaired postnatal growth and long-term growth restriction. Especially children born SGA seem vulnerable for poor growth, as a persistent short stature can be observed in app 10-15% of these children.

Objective
In this study we aimed to recognize differences in growth patterns of children according to sex, maturity, and auxological status at birth facilitating earlier identification of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) children with adult short stature.

Methods
The growth data of 44 791 infants born between January 1, 1980, and December 30, 2012, among 2 pediatric cohorts with follow-up through December 31, 2020, were analyzed. A total of 5698 children with birth data had measurements at near final height (nfh) and at least 2 further points.

Results
Preterm children (gestational age &lt; 37 weeks) had a significantly lower mean nfh SDS than term children (preterm, −0.61; term, −0.18) and a higher likelihood of nfh &lt; third percentile (preterm, 20.5%; term, 12.2%). SGA born children also had a lower mean nfh SD score (SDS) than children born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (SGA, −1.06; AGA, −0.15) and a higher likelihood of nfh &lt; third percentile (SGA, 28.2%; AGA 10.1%). Of 1204 SGA children, 672 (56%) showed successful catch-up growth (CUG) to nfh greater than or equal to the 10th percentile (SGA-CU), and 532 children (44%) did not (SGA-S). The difference in their mean nfh SDS (SGA-CU, −0.12; SGA-S −2.26) can only partly be explained by the differences in mean mid-parental height SDS (SGA-CU, −0.3; SGA-S, −1.19). During the first year, SGA-CU showed higher CUG (SGA-CU, +1.2 SDS; SGA-S, +0.45 SDS), which helps to discriminate between groups earlier.

Conclusion
Final growth outcome was influenced by prematurity and auxological status at birth, but not by sex. Height/length SDS increments during year 1 are instrumental to discern SGA children with later normal or short stature. While observing CUG until year 2 and 3 can add specificity, discrimination thereafter becomes difficult.
Thyroid Hormone–mediated Histone Modification Protects Cortical Neurons From the Toxic Effects of Hypoxic Injury
Authors: Abe Kiyomi , Li Jianrong , Liu Yan Yun , Brent Gregory A 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContextThyroid hormone has been shown to have a protective role in neuronal injury, although the mechanisms have not been established. The cellular response to stress that promotes adaptation and survival has been shown to involve epigenetic modifications.ObjectiveWe hypothesized that the neuroprotective role of thyroid hormone was associated with epigenetic modifications of histone proteins. We used hypoxic neurons as a model system for hypoxia-induced brain injury.MethodsMouse primary cortical neurons were exposed to 0.2% oxygen for 7 hours, with or without, treatment with triiodothyronine (T3). We analyzed the expression of histone-modifying enzymes by RNA-seq and the post-translationally modified histone 3 proteins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot.ResultsWe found that methylation of H3K27, associated with inactive promoters, was highly induced in hypoxic neurons, and this histone methylation was reduced by T3 treatment. H3K4 methylation is the hallmark of active promoters. The expression of 3 (Set1db, Kmta2c, and Kmt2e) out of 6 H3K4 methyltransferases was downregulated by hypoxia and expression was restored by T3 treatment. H3K4me3 protein, measured by ELISA, was increased 76% in T3-treated hypoxic neurons compared with the levels without T3 treatment. H3K56ac plays a critical role in transcription initiation and was markedly increased in T3-treated hypoxic neurons compared with those without T3 treatment, indicating stimulation of gene transcription. Additionally, T3 treatment restored hypoxia-induced downregulation of histone acetyltransferase, Kat6a, Kat6b, and Crebbp, which function as transcription factors.ConclusionThese findings indicate that T3 treatment mitigates hypoxia-induced histone modifications and protects neurons from hypoxia-induced injury.
Mice With RIP-Cre–mediated Deletion of the Long Noncoding RNA Meg3 Show Normal Pancreatic Islets and Enlarged Pituitary
Authors: Parekh Vaishali I , Sun Hui , Chen Min , Weinstein Lee S , Agarwal Sunita K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that has been implicated as a tumor suppressor.

Objective
The expression of MEG3 RNA is downregulated in various human tumors, including pituitary adenoma and pancreatic islet tumors due to MEG3 gene deletion or DNA hypermethylation. Mouse models with conventional germline deletion of Meg3 have shown that Meg3 is essential for perinatal or postnatal development and survival. However, a direct role of Meg3 loss in tumorigenesis has not been shown.

Methods
To observe a causal relationship between Meg3 loss and tumorigenesis, we have generated a mouse model with conditional deletion of Meg3 mediated by the RIP-Cre transgene that initiated Meg3 deletion in pancreatic islet β cells and anterior pituitary.

Results
Meg3 loss did not lead to the development of islet tumors. Interestingly, RIP-Cre–mediated Meg3 loss led to the development of an enlarged pituitary. The genes in the Meg3 region are transcribed together as a 210 kb RNA that is processed into Meg3 and other transcripts. Whether these tandem transcripts play a functional role in the growth of pancreatic endocrine cells and pituitary cells remains to be determined.

Conclusion
Our mouse model shows that Meg3 loss leads to hyperplasia in the pituitary and not in pancreatic islets, thus serving as a valuable model to study pathways associated with pituitary cell proliferation and function. Future mouse models with specific inactivation of Meg3 alone or other transcripts in the Meg3 polycistron are warranted to study tissue-specific effects on initiating neoplasia and tumor development.
Mural Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates Lama2 expression to promote neurovascular unit maturation
Authors: Biswas Saptarshi , Shahriar Sanjid , Giangreco Nicholas P. , Arvanitis Panos , Winkler Markus , Tatonetti Nicholas P. , Brunken William J. , Cutforth Tyler , Agalliu Dritan 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Neurovascular unit and barrier maturation rely on vascular basement membrane (vBM) composition. Laminins, a major vBM component, are crucial for these processes, yet the signaling pathway(s) that regulate their expression remain unknown. Here, we show that mural cells have active Wnt/β-catenin signaling during central nervous system development in mice. Bulk RNA sequencing and validation using postnatal day 10 and 14 wild-type versus adenomatosis polyposis coli downregulated 1 (Apcdd1−/−) mouse retinas revealed that Lama2 mRNA and protein levels are increased in mutant vasculature with higher Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mural cells are the main source of Lama2, and Wnt/β-catenin activation induces Lama2 expression in mural cells in vitro. Markers of mature astrocytes, including aquaporin 4 (a water channel in astrocyte endfeet) and integrin-α6 (a laminin receptor), are upregulated in Apcdd1−/− retinas with higher Lama2 vBM deposition. Thus, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway regulates Lama2 expression in mural cells to promote neurovascular unit and barrier maturation.
Preservation of heritage buildings in Alexandria, Egypt: an application of heritage digitisation process phases and new documentation methods
Authors: El Menshawy Adel , Omar Walid , El Adawy Sherif 
Published: September 2022

Background: Throughout the history of the city, the architecture of Alexandria, Egypt, has been in contact with world cultures, especially those of the Mediterranean sphere. Alexandria is rich with cultural features dating back seven thousand years. In Alexandria, the heritage value of the city has decreased because there is no suitable documentation system for these more recent assets. The development of a new technique for preserving heritage buildings is required. For example, image- based techniques can gather data using photography, panoramic photography, and close-range photogrammetry. In this research, we primarily seek to implement Heritage Digitisation Process Phases (HDPP) and establish new documentation methods in architectural conservation and built-heritage preservation, i.e., Virtual Reality (VR) and Website Heritage Documentation (WHD). Methods: The methodology is designed to preserve and manage cultural heritage using HDPP for the promotion of heritage building preservation in Alexandria. Results: The results show that the application of HDPP has led to the creation of a digital database about the Société Immobilière building, which was chosen as a case study for this research. Conclusions: Implementation of HDPP and usage of new documentation methods i.e., VR and WHD create a digital path to help strengthen its image and connect the place to users, recreational areas are created to communicate and explore the city’s architectural history.
Price Discrimination and Inventory Allocation in Bertrand Competition
Authors: Cohen Maxime C. , Jacquillat Alexandre , Song Haotian 
Published: September 2022

Problem definition: It is common practice for firms to deploy strategies based on customer segmentation (by clustering customers into different segments) and price discrimination (by offering different prices to different customer segments). Price discrimination, although seemingly beneficial, can hurt firms in competitive environments. Academic/practical relevance: It is thus critical for firms to understand when to engage in price discrimination and how to support discriminatory pricing practices with appropriate inventory management strategies. This paper tackles this overarching question through operational lenses by studying the joint impact of price discrimination and the allocation of limited inventory across customer segments. Methodology: We develop a Bertrand competition game featuring capacity restrictions, quality differentiation, and customer heterogeneity. Results: We characterize (pure- or mixed-strategy) Nash equilibria for a single-stage game reflecting uniform pricing and for a two-stage inventory-price game reflecting discriminatory pricing along with endogenous inventory allocation. Managerial implications: We identify three sources of market friction in price competition enabling firms to earn higher profits: capacity limitations, quality differentiation, and customer heterogeneity. Price discrimination eliminates the market frictions from customer heterogeneity, but strategic inventory allocation restores (or strengthens) the market frictions from capacity limitations. As such, price discrimination is only beneficial when combined with optimal inventory allocation across segments. We discuss relevant real-world examples featuring regional price discrimination along with strategic inventory allocation, including fast fashion and vaccines. Otherwise, uniform pricing may outperform discriminatory pricing. Our results thus underscore the critical role of inventory allocation in the design of competitive pricing strategies. Funding: This research was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71821002]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1146 .
Suprascapular nerve blockage for painful shoulder pathology – a systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment techniques
Authors: Batten TJ , Evans JP , Burden EG , Mak WK , White W , Smith CD 
Published: September 2022

Background Suprascapular nerve blockade (SSNB) through injection (SSNBi) and/or pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) provide options for the management of painful shoulder pathology. Multiple techniques for delivery of SSNB are described but no consensus on optimal symptom control is available. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess patient-focussed outcomes in SSNB and explore the impact of variation in the technical application of this treatment modality. Methods MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL were searched for case series, cohort studies and randomised control trials published from database inception until 28 January 2021. Articles reporting use of SSNBi or PRF for treatment of shoulder pain with a minimum 3 months follow-up were included. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were extracted and the pooled standardised mean difference (SMD), weighted by study size, was reported. Quality of methodology was assessed using Wylde’s nonsummative four-point system. Findings Of 758 references, 18 studies were included, totalling 704 SSNB. Average pain improvement at 3 months was 52.3%, with meta-analysis demonstrating a SMD of 2.37. Whereas SSNBi combined with PRF shows the greatest SMD of 2.75, this did not differ significantly from SSNBi or PRF when used as monotherapy. Location of treatment and the guidance technique used did not influence outcome. Conclusion SSNBi and PRF provide safe and effective treatment for shoulder pain, as judged by PROMs. This may be of particular value in aging or comorbid patients and with surgical restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regardless of technique, patients experience a marked improvement in pain that is maintained beyond 3 months.
Endurance of chalcogenide optical phase change materials: a review: erratum
Authors: Martin-Monier Louis , Popescu Cosmin Constantin , Ranno Luigi , Mills Brian , Geiger Sarah , Callahan Dennis , Moebius Michael , Hu Juejun 
Published: September 2022

We present and erratum to our review article [Opt. Mater. Express 12, 2145 (2022)10.1364/OME.456428]. This erratum corrects the references in Table 3, a typo, and a misleading sentence. These corrections do not affect conclusions of the original review article.
Impact of Massachusetts law prohibiting flavored tobacco products sales on cross-border cigarette sales
Authors: Ali Fatma Romeh M. , King Brian A. , Seaman Elizabeth L. , Vallone Donna , Schillo Barbara 
Published: September 2022

Background
In June 2020, Massachusetts implemented a law prohibiting the sale of all flavored tobacco products, including menthol cigarettes. This law was associated with significant declines in overall cigarette and menthol cigarette sales in Massachusetts, however it is unknown whether the law has increased cross-border sales in neighboring states where menthol cigarettes are still sold.

Methods
U.S. cigarette retail scanner data were licensed from the IRi Company. Cigarette pack sales were summed in 4-week periods during January 2020-December 2021 (n = 832). Outcomes were state-level pack sales per 1000 population, overall and by flavor status (menthol and non-flavored). A difference-in-differences analysis was used to examine adjusted sales for Massachusetts border states (New Hampshire, Connecticut, Vermont, and Rhode Island) before (January 2020-May 2020) and after (June 2020-December 2021) the Massachusetts’s law, compared to 28 non-border states. Control variables included state and time fixed effects; real price per pack; tobacco control policies; COVID-19 cases and deaths, and related statewide closure; and state sociodemographic characteristics.

Results
Following the law, unadjusted sales of menthol, non-flavored, and overall cigarettes trended upward in border states; however, these increases were not statistically significant or different from sales patterns in non-border states. This finding persisted after accounting for product prices, tobacco control policies, the COVID-19 pandemic, sociodemographic factors, and fixed effects.

Conclusion
Laws prohibiting the sale of flavored tobacco products, including menthol products, reduce access to these products, while having no significant impact on cross-border sales in neighboring states where menthol cigarettes are sold.
Towards defining quality in home care for persons living with dementia
Authors: Saragosa Marianne , Jeffs Lianne , Okrainec Karen , Kuluski Kerry 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Accelerating rates of dementia worldwide coupled with older adults living longer in the community calls for greater focus on quality home care support services. Few frameworks for quality dementia home care exist though prior findings have found elements considered to be important for “good” home care for people living with dementia. This study aimed to identify core components of a quality home care experience for people with dementia and their caregivers.

Methods
As part of a larger research study, in-depth interviews were conducted with persons living with dementia and caregivers (n = 25) to explore hospital-to-home care transitions. The design used for this study was a qualitative description. We used deductive-inductive thematic analysis, which was informed by previous work in this area. Open codes were mapped to pre-determined themes, and for codes not accommodated by an a piori framework, new themes were developed.

Findings
Our findings resulted in 4 overarching themes. Two themes were identified deductively (Availability and Acceptability of Home Care Services) and two inductively (Adaptability and Affordability of Home Care Services). Findings highlight the roles of family—care provider partnerships and responsive support in receiving quality home care, and the cost associated with unmet needs.

Interpretation
With an aging population, an increase in home care client acuity, and post-COVID-19 concerns over long-term care, more attention is needed to improve the quality of home care. The demand for these services will continue to increase particularly for those living with dementia and their families. The findings of availability, acceptability, adaptability, and affordability as core to quality care can help lay the groundwork for a home care framework for persons living with dementia and their caregivers. Future research could benefit from comparative analyses to evaluate the applicability of the findings to non-dementia home care service users and caregivers.
Combined effect of corn in the barrier crop and plant extracts against Cowpea mild mottle virus infecting soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the field
Authors: Wuye Ria Andayanie  , Lukito Martin , Ermawati Netty 
Published: September 2022

Cowpea mild mottle virus (CpMMV) is one of the problems that can decrease soybean production. The research was conducted on the combined effects of corn in the barrier crop with plant extracts against CpMMV infecting soybean in the field. The field data was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design. The mean of disease incidence and disease severity is measured from total plants in each replicate plot on each treatment. Planting one or two of corn lines were grown at the edge four weeks before planting soybeans. Cashew nut shell (CNS), pagoda leaf, and rhizome of ginger extracts were applied using the sprayer and applied at 24 h before virus acquisition and transmission by whiteflies. The result showed that the virus incubation period ranged from 9−38 days after transmission longer than the untreated control. Planting two corn lines at the edge with CNS extract as bioactivator on soybean was the most extended incubation period of the virus and the lowest absorbance value DAS-ELISA of 0.20. There was a 73.11 % increase in the relative inhibition level of the virus. Planting corn at the edge with CNS extract proved to be more effective than soybean monoculture with CNS extract. However, soybean monoculture with CNS extract provides a better relative inhibition level of the virus (64.32 %) than planting two rows of corn on the edge combined with ginger of rhizome extract and planting two rows of corn on the edge with pagoda leaf extract as bioactivator on a soybean plant.
Ramularia leaf spot and boll rot are affected differently by organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilization in cotton plants
Authors: Palma-Zambrano Oscar J. , Zambrano-Gavilanes Freddy , Portalanza Diego , Garcés-Fiallos Felipe Rafael 
Published: September 2022

Interaction among nitrogen fertilization using bovine manure, poultry manure, Jatropha curcas seed cake and urea, and the diseases Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) and Boll rot (BR), caused by Ramulariopsis pseudoglycines and Diplodia gossypina, respectively, in cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.), was studied under field conditions. Intensity (incidence and severity in percentage) of RLS and incidence (%) of BR were evaluated over time, starting in reproductive stage B1 (first visible flower bud). A randomized complete block design with a 4x4 factorial arrangement was used (fertilizers x doses), totaling 16 treatments with four replications. Disease progress was analyzed with the nonlinear Logistic and Gompertz models, obtaining the epidemiological parameters amount of initial disease (Y0) and progress rate (r). Plants fertilized with 50 kg N ha-1, presented an incidence twice greater than those obtained with other fertilizers. The Logistic model better fits RLS, but no model could represent BR. Only the epidemiological parameters of RLS were affected differently in this experiment compared to BR disease. The possible role of organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilization in the RLS and BR management is discussed.
Standing wave solution for the generalized Jackiw-Pi model
Authors: Huh Hyungjin , Jin Yuanfeng , Ma Youwei , Jin Guanghui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the existence and nonexistence of the standing wave solution for the generalized Jackiw-Pi model by using variational method. Depending on interaction strength

λ

\lambda

, we have three different situations. The existence and nonexistence of the standing wave solution correspond to

1
<
λ

1\lt \lambda

and

0
<
λ
<
1

0\lt \lambda \lt 1

, respectively. We have the explicit solution of self-dual equation for the borderline

λ
=
1

\lambda =1

.
Robustly Optimal Monetary Policy in a Behavioral Environment
Authors: Bounader Lahcen , Traficante Guido 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper studies robustly optimal monetary policy with myopic agents in a behavioral New Keynesian model. The central bank is assumed to have Knightian uncertainty about the degree of myopia and the degree of price stickiness. We show that, under uncertainty about myopia, the Brainard’s attenuation principle holds under commitment and discretion, while, under uncertainty on price stickiness, alone or in addition to myopia, monetary policy becomes more aggressive. Welfare evaluation shows significant gains from a robust conduct of monetary policy when the model is distorted.
Two Methods for the Implicit Integration of Stiff Reaction Systems
Authors: Butakov Ivan D. , Terekhov Kirill M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present two methods for the implicit integration of nonlinear stiff systems.
Direct application of the Newton method to backward Euler discretization of such systems may diverge.
We observe that the solution is recovered by smoothing out certain eigenvalues in the Jacobian matrix.
To this end, we introduce a solution-dependent matrix-weighted combination of backward and forward Euler methods.
The weight is tuned on each Newton iteration to reproduce the solution with an exponential integrator, whereby a weight function for smoothing eigenvalues is obtained.
We apply the proposed techniques, namely quasi-Newton backward Euler and matrix-weighted Euler, to several stiff systems, including Lotka–Volterra, Van der Pol’s, and a blood coagulation cascade.