bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude and Associated Factors of Low Birth Weight among Term Newborns Delivered in Addis Ababa Public Hospitals, Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Tadesse Teklay , Abebe Mesfin , Molla Wondwosen , Ahmed Abbas , Mebratu Andualem , Mesfin Robel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) accounts for 60% to 80% of all neonatal deaths each year. In developing countries like Ethiopia, low birth weight is a major public health concern. Almost half of the world's infants are not weighed at birth, a figure that is especially high in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Only 14% of births had information on birth weight were available at the time of birth in Ethiopia. So previous studies underestimate the magnitude and associated factors of low birth weight. As a result, the goal of this study is to fill those gaps in the previous studies by assessing the magnitude and associated factors of low birth weight in Addis Ababa.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed. Systematic sampling was used to select 351 study participants. A pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were entered, cleaned, and edited using Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 software packages for analysis. Both bivariate and multiple logistic regression were used to identify associated factors. A p-value of <0.05 was declared as a statistically significant association.Results: The magnitude of low birth weight in this study was 13.06%. History of chronic medical illness [AOR=3; CI :.( 1.02, 9.17)], haemoglobin level during pregnancy [AOR=0.23; CI :( 0.10, 0.50)], iron/folic acid supplementation [AOR=0.27; CI :( 0.10, 0.72)], and extra meal during pregnancy [AOR=3.2; CI :( 1.52, 7.00)] were significantly associated with low birth weight.Conclusions: The prevalence of low birth weight in this study was comparable to the EDHS report from 2016. Significant factors of low birth weight were found to be a history of chronic medical illness, hemoglobin level, iron/folic acid supplementation, and extra meal during pregnancy. It is important to encourage women to take iron with folic acid and extra meals during pregnancy in order to reduce the risk of low birth weight.
The effect of ultrasonic amplitude on the performance of ultrasonic vibration-assisted EDM micro-hole machining
Authors: Zhang Peng , Yin Zhen , Dai Chenwei , Cao Ziyang , Miao Qing , Zhang Kun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A study on ultrasonic vibration-assisted electrical discharge machining (UVEDM) micro-hole, which mainly includes three key designs, was conducted to improve the machining performance of the electric discharge machining (EDM) micro-holes on TC4 titanium alloy. First, a mathematical model for the velocity of the flow field in the interelectrode gap was established. Consequently, the effect of the presence or absence of ultrasonic vibration on the flow velocity was analyzed. Furthermore, based on COMSOL Multiphysics, the two distributions of the flow field and the debris in the interelectrode gap were simulated and the influence of ultrasonic amplitude on them was analyzed. Finally, the study of UVEDM micro-hole machining with different ultrasonic amplitudes was conducted. The machining performance of the UVEDM micro-hole was found to increase with the increment of the ultrasonic amplitude and the optimal value of 5.22 µm, while the performance decreases when the ultrasonic amplitude goes beyond the optimal value. Compared with EDM micro-hole, the MMR is increased by 2.4 times, and the electrode loss and hole taper are reduced by 56% and 24%, respectively.
Agreement of Ocular Parameters and Calculated Intraocular Lens between Three Biometric Devices and a Corneal Topographer
Authors: Lender Rivkah , Mirsky Devora , Greenberger Riki , Boim Zipora , Ben-Yaakov Lee , Kashtan Chaya , Naffar Ibrahim , Shine Shira , Chowers Itay , Ben-Eli Hadas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cataract surgery is among the most common medical procedures, and accurate ocular biometry measurements are key for successful visual outcome. The current study evaluated agreement between the Eyestar 900, Anterion, IOLMaster700 biometers and the Pentacam corneal topographer. Clinical impact was assessed based on the calculated intraocular lens (IOL) of each biometry device. Compared values were axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), steep and flat K, cylinder and axis. IOL was calculated for each biometry device using the mean values of every parameter and the Barrett and Kane formulas. This study included 196 eyes (98 participants) of cataract surgery candidates. When comparing the IOLMaster to the Eyestar 900 (157 eyes), no difference was found in mean AL or ACD measurements (P > 0.05). Steep K measurements differed between these devices and the Pentacam (P = 0.01). AL and ACD measurements differed between the IOLMaster and Anterion (38 eyes; P < 0.05). Strong correlations (range 0.72–0.99) were found between all four devices. Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated excellent agreement between biometry devices other than ACD between the IOLMaster and Eyestar 900. Spherical equivalent (SE) of the calculated IOL tended to be 0.50D lower with the IOLMaster, which could impact the residual refraction.
Application of adenosine deaminase combined with γ-interferon release test in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion in patients over 40 years old
Authors: ZS Li , JY Chen , Zeng J , Shi P , XM Xiong , Wang M , Zheng D , Zhao R , Dong LX 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The diagnostic accuracy of pleural biomarkers in patients with tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) of different ages is inconsistent, but specific studies in different age groups are lacking. Therefore, we investigated the cut-off value of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and its combined gamma interferon release assay (IGRA) in the diagnosis of TBE patients of different ages in aged≥40 years. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 176 patients who were hospitalized from 2015 to 2020 and had pleural effusion with or without fever,night sweats, fatigue,cough and other clinical manifestations and were highly suspected of tuberculous pleural effusion. The results of medical thoracoscopy and pleural effusion ADA and IGRA were analyzed. The patients were divided into 40-59-year-old group and≥60-year-old group. Results: Among the 176 patients, 85 were aged 40-59 years, and 91 were aged≥60 years. The cut-off value of ADA in ROC analysis is 31.5 U/L, the accuracy is higher than 40 U/L (85.80%vs.82.95%), but the diagnostic sensitivity in patients aged≥60 years is lower than that in the group of 40-59 years old (71%vs.83%).The sensitivity of IGRA detection in patients aged≥60 years was higher than that of ADA (93% vs.71%). The detection sensitivity of ADA combined with IGRA in pleural effusion was the highest in the 40-59-year-old group, reaching 100%. The specificity of ADA united IGRA detection in pleural effusion was the highest in the age≥60 years group, reaching 100%. Conclusions: The detection of ADA and IGRA in pleural effusion has good diagnostic value for patients with suspected TBE aged≥40 years. ADA unites IGRA detection is beneficial to the detection rate of TBE in patients with exudative pleural effusion aged 40-59 years, and it is beneficial to the differential diagnosis of TBE in patients aged≥60 years.
The association between serum lipid levels and histological type of breast cancer
Authors: Wang Xinru , Wang Yajie , Wang Miaomiao , Chen Xin , Cui Wenjing , Chen Xiao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Studies have investigated the association between serum lipid or apolipoprotein levels and breast cancer risk. However, the relationship between serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels and histological type of breast cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we observed the association between serum lipids and the histological type of breast cancer (BC), particularly to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive BC.Materials and methods: 220 cases of pathology-confirmed breast cancer were retrospectively collected in this study. Patients’ demographic information, clinical data, and pathological features were obtained from medical records. Serum levels including high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), ApoA, ApoB, ApoE and lipoprotein a(LP(a)) were collected before treatment. Logistic regression analyses were used to show the association between serum lipids and subtypes of breast cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to analyze predictive performance.Results: There were 70 ER-negative and 73 PR-negative BC. Patients with ER-negative BC had higher HDL-c, higher LDL-c, and higher LP(a) than ER-positive one(p < 0.05). Patients with PR-negative BC were more likely to have high LDL-c and high LP(a) than patients with PR-positive one (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum HDL-c (odds ratio (OR): 0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10-0.76), LDL-c (OR: 0.19, 95%CI: 0.04-0.93) and LP(a) (OR: 0.23,95%CI: 0.07-0.80) levels were negatively associated with ER-positive BC and serum HDL-c and LDL-c levels were significantly negatively associated with PR-positive BC(OR:0.32, 95%CI:0.12-0.82; OR:0.14, 95%CI:0.03-0.77). In addition, ER and PR positive BC was negatively associated with serum HDL-c and LDL-c levels (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17-0.91; OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06-0.85) after adjusting with confounders. Furthermore, serum HDL-c (OR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02-0.87) was still independently associated with ER and PR positive BC in postmenopausal women. The area under the curves (AUCs) of HDL-c to identify ER-positive BC, PR-positive BC and ER and PR positive BC were 0.65 (95%CI:0.58-0.73, P < 0.01), 0.62 (95%CI:0.54-0.69, P < 0.01) and 0.64 (95%CI:0.56-0.72, P < 0.01), respectively.Conclusion: Serum HDL and LDL levels were related to ER or PR positive BC.
The Relationship of T2 Hypointensity and Diffusion Restriction of Brain Metastases with the Presence and Amount of Vasogenic Edema in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Bilgin Ezel Yaltırık , Ünal Özkan , Çiledağ Nazan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Brain metastases are seen in 15–40% of patients diagnosed with cancer. We aimed to search the relationship between the T2 hypointensity, diffusion weighted imaging characteristics and the presence and amount of vasogenic edema of Brain metastasis in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). 292 patients with brain metastasis were included in the study. T2 signals of metastatic lesions, accompanying diffusion restriction and perilesional vasogenic edema findings were investigated. In metastases accompanied by vasogenic edema, the largest dimension of the vasogenic edema-mass complex on T2-weighted sequences and the largest dimension of the mass in contrast-enhanced T1-weighted series were measured and the edema-mass ratio (EMR) was calculated by comparing these two values.The incidence of vasogenic edema was statistically significantly higher in T2 hypointense metastases(89.1% vs 58.8%, χ2 = 18.949, p = < 0.001) and metastases accompanied by diffusion restriction(81% vs 61.5%, χ2 = 6.971, p = 0.008). EMR value were found to be statistically significantly higher in T2 hypointense metastases (EMR→ Z=-4.507, p = < 0.001 ) and metastases with diffusion restriction(EMR→ Z=-3.819, p = 0.001 ). The incidence of vasogenic edema and EMR rates were higher in patients in T2 hypointense metastases and metastases accompanied by diffusion restriction in MRI.
Remediation of zinc from mine tailing using electrokinetic method combined with washing solvents
Authors: Karimi Amirhossein , Soltani Fariddudin , Falamaki Amin , Homaee Mehdi , Shariatmadari Nader 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mining activities have resulted in a large amount of mineral tailings, which are potentially toxic and hazardous metals that contaminate the soils surrounding the mines. Because of the negative effects of potentially toxic elements on natural ecosystems, efficient solutions for soil and mineral tailings remediation are required. Several tailings samples were taken from various parts of the Anguran zinc mine to investigate the efficiency of electrokinetics. The total concentrations of soil elements were then determined using the standard ICP method. Several washing solutions with a fixed concentration of 0.1 M were used to assess the efficiency of electrokinetics in soil. The washing solutions included hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, and sulfuric acid. The solutions were mixed with soil in a 1:2 solution-to-solid ratio. Furthermore, for all experiments, a voltage of 1.5 V/cm was used. To prevent heavy metal deposition in the soil near the cathode chamber, the designated chemical filtration solutions were also used in the cathode chamber at a fixed concentration of 0.1 M. The experimental results revealed that metals such as zinc and lead were present in varying degrees in the tailed soil. The zinc heavy metal had the highest concentration in the tailed samples. The lowest zinc removal efficiency was obtained with distilled water, with a metal removal of 16%, indicating that electrokinetic remediation in soil has little effect. Our findings also show that electrokinetic soil remediation using a hydrochloric acid complexing agent is more effective than other agents, and that it can remove up to 64% of the zinc from mine tailing soil.
Estimating concentration of toxic ions Arsenic in water by using Photonic Crystal Fiber based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
Authors: Mohammed Ghufran , Bassam Soudad S.Al – 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, an enhanced photonic crystal fiber based on Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor using a sided polished structure for detection of toxic ions arsenic in water is presented. The SPR curve can be obtained by polishing the side of the PCF after coating the Au film on the side of the polished area, the SPR curve can be obtained. The proposed sensor has a clear SPR effect, according to the findings of the experiments. The calculated the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Sensitivity, Resolution and Figures of Merit (FOM) are approaching, SNR is 0.0125, S 11.11 𝜇m/RIU, the Resolution is 1.8x10−4 and FOM is13.88 is a chivied, While the effective performance parameters for MMF-PCF-MMF such as the sensitivity is approaching 2.5 𝜇m/RIU, SNR is 0.0173, FOM is10.86 and the Resolution is 4x10−4 is a chivied. The proposed sensor is possesses a good mechanical strength, low cost, and an easy fabrication ,allowing it to provide a greater measurement range and action area to the measured samples without lengthening the sensor.
Study of Heterotopic Ossification after Alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint Replacement
Authors: Ding Ruoyi , Lu Chuan , Zhao Jieyun , He Dongmei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is one of the serious complications leading to the failure of alloplastic temporomandibular joint replacement (TJR). However, there was few research on its exact incidence and occurrence. Severe HO might result in pain and limited mouth opening after surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify its clinical and imaging manifestations. The purpose of this study was to study the occurrence and classify HO after the alloplastic TJR.
Method
Patients who underwent standard TJR with fat graft and at least 1-year-follow-up were included. HO was classified into 4 types according to postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. Type and occurrence in different TMJ disease were compared. Joint space was measured between HO and non-HO TJRs. Maximum mouth opening (MIO), pain, and quality of life (QoL) were recorded and their relevance with HO was analyzed statistically.
Result
81cases with 101 joints were included in the study. The mean follow-up time was 22.9 months. 48 joints (47.5%) had varying degrees of HO. Among them, 27 (56.3%) were type I (bone islands); 16 (33.3%) were type II (bone spurs from the mandibular ramus); 3 (6.3%) were type III (bone spurs from the fossa); and 2 (4.2%) were type IV (bone spurs from both the mandibular ramus and fossa). Joint space in type IV HO was significantly smaller than the other 3 types (9.9 ± 1.1mm, p = 0.01). Pain scores in HO were significantly greater than non-HO patients before and after operations (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
HO after alloplastic TJR with fat graft was not severe except for type IV, which was easy to cause ankylosis. Preserving sufficient TJR space was important for ankylosis prevention.
Healthy orthorexia vs orthorexia nervosa: associations with body appreciation, functionality appreciation, intuitive eating and embodiment
Authors: Anastasiades Elly , Argyrides Marios 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PurposeCurrent conceptualizations and measures of orthorexia nervosa may not be accurately distinguishing between the healthy and pathological pursuit of a healthy diet, leading to very high prevalence rates and risking the pathologizing and stigmatizing of healthy eating more generally. Recent research has identified healthy orthorexia as a novel construct conceptually distinct from orthorexia nervosa, which represents the non-pathological pursuit of a healthy diet. In light of the strong body of evidence supporting the role of positive body image in eating behavior, the current study aimed to examine the associations between healthy orthorexia, orthorexia nervosa, intuitive eating and indices of positive body image.MethodsThe current study employed a cross-sectional design. An online community sample (N = 835; 62% women; Mage = 40.2) completed self-report questionnaires including the Teruel Orthorexia Scale, as well as measures of body appreciation, functionality appreciation, intuitive eating and embodiment. ResultsIndices of positive body image were found to be significantly positively associated with healthy orthorexia and inversely associated with orthorexia nervosa. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis found that indices of body image were uniquely associated with 13.3% of the variance of healthy orthorexia above and beyond that accounted for by orthorexia nervosa. Intuitive eating moderated the relationship between healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa. ConclusionThe findings of this study provide support for intuitive eating and indices of positive body image as worthy of further exploration as important factors which distinguish between healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa.
Climate change and nutrient enrichment altering sedimentary diatom assemblages since pre-industrial time: evidence from Canada’s most populated ecozone
Authors: Cheng Yuanyu , Baud Alexandre , Gregory-Eaves Irene , Simmatis Brigitte , Smol John P. , Griffiths Katherine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Lakes worldwide are under threat by a myriad of environmental stressors that have been increasing in number and magnitude. These stressors can be regional such as climate change, or local such as nutrient-rich runoff, invasive species, and road salt contamination, to name but a few. To protect lake ecosystems from further deterioration, we need long-term data to define pre-disturbance baselines and to identify stressors that are causing the greatest ecological changes. Paleolimnology is an effective approach to reconstruct limnological history, providing an important window of lake changes through time. Here, we applied paleolimnological tools to explore the pre-industrial and contemporary diatom assemblage changes of 27 lakes located in the most populated ecozone in Canada, the Mixedwood Plains. We also examined a full sediment core for Lac des Chicots (Southern Québec), aiming to disentangle the impacts of natural versus anthropogenic interactions and to assess their relative effects on the lake’s biotic structure. Our ordination analysis suggests that the Mixedwood Plains lakes have experienced varying lake-specific ecological changes over the past ~ 150 years, with two major trends across most study lakes: (1) a prevalent increase in planktic species, and (2) a rise in mesotrophic/eutrophic taxa in lakes receiving high human impacts. Our case study of Lac des Chicots identifies ecological impacts from both historical natural events and recent human activities, such as cultural eutrophication and climate warming. Overall, our study demonstrates that lakes in the Mixedwood Plains ecozone have experienced marked ecological changes that are mainly associated with human impacts.
Validation of the Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening score and its modified versions in predicting colorectal advanced neoplasia in Chinese population
Authors: Kong Yunxin , Zhuo Lin , Dong Dong , Zhuo Lang , Lou Peian , Cai Ting , Chen Siting , Pan Jianqiang , Gao Yihuan , Lu Hang , Ma Yue , Dong Zongmei , Luo Xiaohu , Zhao Hongying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Several studies suggest using the Asia-Pacific colorectal screening (APCS) score and its modified versions to select high-risk populations for early colonoscopy, but external validation remains rare, and which score should be selected for CRC screening in China is unclear. Validation of multiple scores in the same population might help to choose the best performing score.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study under the framework of Cancer Screening Program in Urban China, data from asymptomatic colorectal cancer screening in Xuzhou was used to validate the APCS score, the colorectal neoplasia predict (CNP) score, the Korean colorectal screening (KCS) score, the Modified APCS score and the 8-point risk score in predicting colorectal advanced neoplasia (CAN). Results: 1,804 subjects were included in the analysis and 112 CAN (6.21%) was detected. In each score, the detection rate of CAN was higher in the high-risk group than in the non-high-risk group (P<0.05), and the RR (95%C.I.) ranged 2.20 (1.50-3.22) [8-point risk] to 4.00 (2.41-6.65) [Modified APCS]. The c-statistics (95%C.I.) of the scoring systems ranged from 0.58 (0.53-0.62) [8-point risk] to 0.65 (0.61-0.69) [KCS]. The sensitivity (95%C.I.) of these systems ranged from 31.25 (22.83-40.70) [8-point risk] to 84.82 (76.81-90.90) [Modified APCS], while the specificity (95%C.I.) ranged from 43.50 (41.12-45.90) [Modified APCS] to 83.81 (81.96-85.53) [8-point risk]. Using the APCS scoring system as a comparator, the net reclassification improvement (NRI) of each modified version was statistically similar. The colonoscopy resource load (95%C.I.) ranged from 9 (8-10) [8-point risk] to 11 (10-12) [APCS and Modified APCS]. Conclusions: The APCS score and its modified versions have certain ability to predict the risk of advanced neoplasia and reduce the resource load. The modified APCS score and the KCS score seemed the preferable systems to classify high risk subjects based on its high RR and sensitivity in the selected population. Future research could focus on adding risk factors or combining with laboratory test results to improve the predictive power of the scoring system.