bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variables in early algebra: exploring didactic potentials in programming activities
Authors: Kilhamn C. , Bråting K. , Helenius O. , Mason J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper we consider implications of the current world-wide inclusion of computational thinking in relation to children’s development of algebraic thinking. Little is known about how newly developed visual programming environments such as Scratch could enhance early algebra learning. The study is based on examples of programming activities used by mathematics teachers in Sweden, teaching students aged 10–12 years during the first two years of implementing programming in the mathematics curriculum. Informed by Chevallard’s praxeology in terms of praxis and logos, we describe, unpack, discuss and expand these activities. Core issues related to algebra found in the three activities are as follows: making implicit variables explicit; using a counter variable; and identifying parameters as a specific type of variable. Our findings show that, in addition to already identified uses of variables in early algebra, programming activities in the early years bring in new aspects and new ways of treating variables that could, potentially, enhance students’ understanding of variables and generalization, provided that programming praxis is embedded in an appropriate algebra logos.
The use of cultural contexts for patterning tasks: supporting young diverse students to identify structures and generalise
Authors: Hunter Jodie , Miller Jodie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA key aspect of young children’s development of algebraic reasoning is the process of visualising and identifying structures to both abstract and generalise. There has been a growing body of research focused on how students form generalisations, this article adds to the existing body of research by examining how young culturally diverse students identify mathematical structures in contextual growing patterns and the teaching and learning actions that assist them to generalise. Data were collected from one classroom of 29 Year Two (6 years old) students in a low socio-economic school in New Zealand. Results from the analysis of lessons related to two tasks showed that the contextual tasks led students to notice different mathematical structures. Specific pedagogical actions were used to facilitate students’ engagement with the growing patterns. These included positioning students to engage with different representations (pictorial and numerical, tabular, and natural language) to represent thinking, the use of classroom discussions, noticing and responding to student thinking, and pressing students to find far terms. The findings highlight that both the contextual patterning tasks and teacher actions supported the young students to develop a range of sophisticated generalisations related to the underlying mathematical structure and functional relationships of the growing patterns.
Distribution of E- and N-cadherin in subgroups of non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Øystese Kristin Astrid B. , Casar-Borota Olivera , Berg-Johnsen Jon , Berg Jens Petter , Bollerslev Jens 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Clinically non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (NF-PitNETs) present a varying degree of aggressiveness, and reliable prognostic markers are lacking. We aimed to characterise the distribution of E- and N-cadherin in corticotroph, PIT1 and null-cell NF-PitNETs, and link it to the course of the tumours.

Methods
The distribution of E- and N-cadherin was investigated by immunohistochemistry in a retrospective cohort of 30 tumours of the less common NF-PitNETs (corticotroph (N = 18), PIT1 (N = 8) and null-cell PitNETs (N = 4)). Immunoreactive scores (IRS) were compared to previously presented cohorts of gonadotroph NF-PitNETs (N = 105) and corticotroph functioning PitNETs (N = 17).

Results
We found a low IRS for the extra-cellular domain of E-cadherin (median 0 (IQR 0–0, N = 135)), a medium to high IRS for the intra-cellular domain of E-cadherin (median 6 (IQR 4–9)) and a high IRS for N-cadherin (median 12 (IQR 10.5–12)) throughout the cohort of NF-PitNETs. The corticotroph NF-PitNETs presented a higher IRS for both the extra- and intra-cellular domain of E-cadherin (median 0 (IQR 0–1) and median 9 (IQR 6–12), respectively) than the gonadotroph NF-PitNETs (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). Presence of nuclear E-cadherin was associated with a weaker staining for the intra-cellular domain of E-cadherin (median 4 (IQR 0.5–6) and median 9 (IQR 9–12), for tumours with and without nuclear E-cadherin, respectively), and with a lower rate of re-intervention (p = 0.03).

Conclusions
Considering our results and the benign course of NF-PitNETs, we suggest that a high N-cadherin and downregulation of membranous E-cadherin are not associated with a more aggressive tumour behaviour in these subgroups of NF-PitNETs.
Nubian Agricultural Practices, Crops and Foods: Changes in Living Memory on Ernetta Island, Northern Sudan
Authors: Ryan Philippa , Kordofani Maha , Saad Mohamed , Hassan Mohammed , Dalton Matthew , Cartwright Caroline , Spencer Neal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAgricultural practices in northern Sudan have been changing rapidly but remain little documented. In this paper we aim to investigate changes to crops grown in living memory and their uses through interviews with Nubian farmers on the island of Ernetta. By exploring cultivation and crop processing practices, together with associated material culture and foodstuffs, we also seek to explore how agricultural and food heritage are connected, and to better understand reasons for crop changes. Several cereals and pulses that were previously important subsistence crops are now grown as comparatively minor crops. The replacement of thesagia(waterwheel) by diesel pump irrigation, the introduction of commercial crops, and the reduction of the annual flood have led to fundamentally new cropping patterns within household farms. At the same time, each species has its own narrative and timing of change. Shifts in crops grown are paralleled by transitions in foodways, associated material culture, and land use. The project is timely, as much of the information about past crop uses resides in the memories of elderly farmers. The findings highlight the broader global need to document endangered memories of cropping patterns, traditional ecological and food knowledge, including local terms for foods and crops.
Kompetenzorientierung im Sport: eine Taxonomie für den Sportunterricht
Authors: Töpfer Clemens , Hapke Julia , Liebl Sebastian , Sygusch Ralf 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Kompetenzorientierung im Sportunterricht wurde in den vergangenen Jahren durch unterschiedliche Modellierungsansätze angeregt, um zu klären, was Kompetenzen von Schüler*innen im Fach Sport auszeichnet. Wissen und Können haben sich diesbezüglich als zentrales Begriffspaar für Kompetenz etabliert. Die vorhandenen Konzeptionen für den Sportunterricht bleiben insgesamt jedoch weitgehend abstrakt darin, wie dieses Wissen und Können sowie deren Interaktionen in einem kompetenzorientierten und Erziehenden Sportunterricht operationalisiert werden können. Der vorliegende Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel, Wissen und Können vor dem Hintergrund der Handlungsfähigkeit als Bildungsauftrag des Faches Sport zu operationalisieren und deren Interaktion in einer dreidimensionalen Taxonomie abzubilden. Als Ausgangspunkte greifen wir vorhandene bildungswissenschaftliche Ansprüche zur Modellierung von Kompetenzen auf. Weitere Orientierungspunkte sind sportdidaktische Kenntnisse zu Anforderungssituationen in der Sport- und Bewegungskultur, zur Handlungsfähigkeit im Erziehenden Sportunterricht, zum Wissen als ein Kernbestandteil eines kompetenten sportbezogenen Handelns sowie zu ausgewählten Kompetenzmodellen im Fach Sport. In Anlehnung an kognitionspsychologisch ausgerichtete Modelle untergliedert sich die Taxonomie in drei Dimensionen. DieDimension der Themenskizziert, welche Wissensinhalte bezugnehmend zu Bewegungsfeldern und pädagogischen Perspektiven im Fach Sport bedeutsam sind. DieDimension der Aktivitätenumfasst sechs Aktivitäten, die übergreifend in die Bereiche Wissenserwerb, Wissensnutzung und Wissensschaffung eingebettet sind. DieDimension der Anforderungsniveausbeschreibt drei Niveaustufen, welche kompetenzorientierte Lernziele, Lernaufgaben und Leistungsaufgaben hinsichtlich ihrer Komplexität untergliedern. Die vorliegende Taxonomie bietet Ansätze zur Operationalisierung von Kompetenzen im Sport. Sie dient damit als Orientierungsraster für die methodisch-didaktische Konzeption sowie die empirische Analyse von kompetenzorientierten Lehr-Lern-Prozessen und deren Wirkungen im Erziehenden Sportunterricht.
Should We Use a Total Score, Two Subscale Scores, or Six Subscale Scores for the Self-Compassion Scale? A Multi-faceted Assessment Beyond Model Fit Indices
Authors: Buz José , Crego Antonio , Yela José R. , Sánchez-Zaballos Elena , Ayuso Antonio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to conduct a multi-faceted assessment of the psychometric properties of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). In addition to the goodness-of-fit, we aimed to assess the strength and replicability of three factorial solutions, and the quality and effectiveness of the three scoring schemes of the scale (i.e., total scale score, two subscale scores, and six subscale scores).

Methods
Participants were 1508 Spanish-speaking community-dwelling adults (M = 34.94 years, SD = 15.02). Data were examined by means of a conjoint strategy using Rasch modeling, non-linear factor analysis, exploratory bifactor analysis, and parallel analysis. A procedure for selecting the optimal set of items that must be used to compute individual’s scores was used.

Results
The unidimensional solution showed a marginal model fit (RMSR = .089), and both the bifactor two-group and bifactor six-group solutions showed a good fit (RMSR = .043 and .019, respectively). However, only the unidimensional and the bifactor two-factor solutions showed interpretable and replicable factor structures, and high-quality and effective scores to be used for measurement purposes. Subscale scores derived from the six primary factors did not show adequate psychometric properties. It was observed that the information provided by 10 items was redundant and had already been provided by the other 16 items.

Conclusions
Good model fit is neither sufficient nor necessary to justify the use of a scoring scheme. Goodness-of-fit statistics should be complemented by an assessment of the metric properties of the resulting scores when proposing SCS scoring schemes.
High-Temperature Residual Compressive Strength in Concretes Bearing Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW): An Experimental Study
Authors: Maciá María Eugenia , Castillo Ángel , Martinez Isabel , Rubiano Francisco José 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe steady rise in the amount of waste generated daily worldwide and its concomitant stockpiling poses significant environmental issues. In an attempt to alleviate that problem while reducing the consumption of natural resources and contributing to a more sustainable construction industry, concrete technology research has focused on replacing natural aggregate with different types of waste. Little is known about the behaviour of such waste materials at high temperatures, however. The present study consequently aimed to analyse the effect of high temperatures on compressive strength in recycled aggregate-bearing concretes. Masonry, mixed and concrete waste products, jointly known as construction and demolition waste, CDW, were used as partial replacements for the natural material at ratios of 20% or 30%. The specimens were subsequently tested for compressive strength at 20 °C and after exposure to temperatures of 350 °C and 500 °C. The findings showed that at 350 °C compressive strength declined by 21% in materials containing 20% masonry waste, while the decline in materials bearing mixed recycled and recycled concrete waste ranged from 0 to 5%. The concrete with 30% masonry waste in lieu of natural aggregate exhibited a 32% loss in strength at 500 °C, whereas the loss in the other materials studied under the same conditions did not exceed 9.5%. The highest performance under heat stress was observed for concretes bearing 20% mixed recycled aggregate.
Association of Maternal Versus Fetal Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Status with Poor Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Underhill L. A. , Barbarita C. , Collis S. , Tucker R. , Lechner B. E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe majority of research papers published on obstetrical outcomes in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) have focused on the contribution of maternal EDS to the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. The purpose of our study was to further clarify the fetal versus maternal contribution of EDS to poor pregnancy outcomes. A web-based, anonymous questionnaire was developed to collect pregnancy histories of families with a member with EDS. The survey was disseminated via social media through the Ehlers Danlos National Foundation. Population descriptors (age, gender, EDS diagnosis, age of diagnosis) and pregnancy descriptors (number of pregnancies, live births, and birth complications) were collected. To identify fetal and maternal contribution of EDS to poor pregnancy outcomes, three groups were compared based on maternal or infant diagnosis (EDS versus non-EDS). The rate of birth complications, treatment for preterm birth, and occurrence of preterm birth, as well as gestational age at preterm birth, were different depending on maternal/ infant EDS status, and these differences were significant when comparing infant EDS status but not when comparing maternal EDS status. The occurrence of PPROM is increased in the non-EDS mother/EDS infant group compared to both EDS mother/non-EDS infant and EDS mother/EDS infant groups (38.9%, 12.5%, 14.8%,p = 0.025). This study identifies that poor outcomes in EDS pregnancies differ depending on the maternal and the fetal EDS status. These insights into maternal and fetal association with certain poor pregnancy outcomes in pregnancies complicated by EDS can further guide physicians in educating, managing, and treating these women during pregnancy.
Sociodemographic and Psychological Predictors of Resilience Among Frontline Nurses Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Yan , Xiong Yang , Zhang Lei , Jiang Xiaofeng , Zhuang Xiaoqian , Meng Lingyao , Peng Lingli , Wu Jing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective:
According to a WHO report, the number of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached 456,797,217 worldwide as of 15 March, 2022. In Wuhan, China, large teams of health-care personnel were dispatched to respond to the COVID-19 emergency. This study aimed to determine the sociodemographic and psychological predictors of resilience among frontline nurses fighting the current pandemic.

Methods:
A total of 143 nurses were recruited from February 15 to February 20, 2020, to participate in this study. The 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale were used to estimate the participants’ resilience and mental wellbeing.

Results:
Results showed that the nurses displayed a moderate resilience level. Their median depression, anxiety, and stress scores were 1, 2, and 3, respectively, which were negatively correlated with resilience. Female gender, being dispatched to Wuhan, and depression levels were the significant predictors of resilience.

Conclusions:
The results suggest that particular attention should be given to nurses who were dispatched to Wuhan and who exhibited depression symptoms, and appropriate measures should be taken to boost their resilience.
Did COVID-19 Change Emergency Department Admissions?
Authors: Kaze Edeline , Vanderoost Jef , Sabbe Marc 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to describe the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on emergency department (ED) admissions for urgent diagnoses.Methods:From January 1, 2019, until December 31, 2020, patients older than 18 years who attended the ED at University Hospital of Leuven (UZ Leuven, Belgium) were included. Urgent diagnoses selected in the First Hour Quintet were collected. The periods of the pandemic waves in 2020 were analyzed and compared with the same time period in 2019.Results:During the first wave of the pandemic, 16 075 patients attended the ED compared with 16 893 patients during the comparison period in 2019. The proportion of patients having one of the diagnoses of the First Hour Quintet was similar between the periods (4.4% vs 4.5%). During the second wave, 14 739 patients attended the ED compared with 18 704 patients during the same period in 2019; 5.6% of patients had a diagnosis of the First Hour Quintet compared with 4.3% of patients in the comparison period.Conclusion:This study showed a decrease in the number of patients attending the ED during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further studies are needed to determine for which conditions patients visited the ED less.
What Happened to the “New Middle Class”? The 2016 BORP (Brazil’s Once-Rising Poor) Survey
Authors: Junge Benjamin , Mitchell Sean T. , Klein Charles H. , De Micheli David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research note provides a detailed account of the development and implementation of a household survey conducted in 2016 as part of a larger investigation into the lifeways and political subjectivities of Brazil’s “once-rising poor,” the demographic sector comprising poor and working-class people who experienced various forms of socioeconomic mobility in the early twenty-first century. After reflecting on the challenges of maintaining a critical perspective on class labels and relations that were intensely contested at the time, the article introduces the survey sample (n = 1,204), highlighting variables captured. It then establishes the demographic profile, mobility experiences, political values, attitudes, and behaviors of the sample. The portrait that emerges for this sector is one of economic precarity, heterogeneous experiences of socioeconomic mobility (and nonmobility) over the past two decades, and significant alienation from formal politics.
Is an elevated family-genetic risk for major psychiatric disorders specific to creative occupations?
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S. , Ohlsson Henrik , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite a large descriptive literature linking creativity and risk for psychiatric illness, the magnitude and specificity of this relationship remain controversial.MethodsWe examined, in 1 137 354 native Swedes with one of 59 3-digit official and objective occupational codes in managerial and educated classes, their familial genetic risk score (FGRS) for ten major disorders, calculated from 1st through 5th degree relatives. Mean FGRS across disorders were calculated, in 3- and 4-digit occupational groups, and then controlled for those whose disorder onset preceded occupational choice. Using sequential analyses, p values were evaluated using Bonferroni correction.Results3-digit professions considered to reflect creativity (e.g. ‘artists’ and ‘authors’) were among those with statistically significant elevations of FGRS. Among more specific 4-digit codes, visual artists, actors, and authors stood out with elevated genetic risks, highest for major depression (MD), anxiety disorders (AD) and OCD, more modest for bipolar disorders (BD) and schizophrenia and, for authors, for drug and alcohol use disorders. However, equal or greater elevations in FGRS across disorders were seen for religious (e.g. ministers), helping (e.g. psychologists, social workers), and teaching/academic occupations (e.g. professors). The potential pathway from FGRS → Disorder → Occupation accounts for a modest proportion of the signal, largely for MD and AD risk.ConclusionsWhile traditional creative occupations were associated with elevated genetic risk for a range of psychiatric disorders, this association was not unique, as similar, or greater elevations were seen for religious, helping and teaching professions and was stronger for internalizing than psychotic disorders.
Care chronicles: needing, seeking and getting self-funded social care as biographical disruptions among older people and their families
Authors: Heavey Emily , Baxter Kate , Birks Yvonne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSocial care to assist with the activities of daily living is a necessity for many older people; while informal care provided by family members can be a first step to meeting care needs, formal care provided by professionals is often needed or preferred by older people and their families. In England, the number of older people paying for formal care is set to rise, driven by an ageing population and the limited resources of local authorities. Little is known about how older people and their families experience the potentially disruptive processes of deciding upon, searching for and implementing such care, including the financial implications. This paper explores accounts of seeking self-funded social care in England, told by older people and their families in 39 qualitative interviews. These accounts, which we call ‘care chronicles’, include stories about the emergence of care needs and informal care-giving, the search for formal care, including interacting with new systems and agencies, and getting formal (paid) care, either as the recipient or an involved family member. Stories are analysed through the lens of biographical disruption, and analysis demonstrates that such disruptions can occur for older people and their families across the entirety of the care chronicle. Needing, seeking and getting care all have the potential to cause practical and symbolic disruptions; moreover, these disruptions can be cumulative and cyclical, as attempts to resolve or minimise one disruption can lead to new ones. While the concept of biographical disruption is a mainstay in medical sociology, it is less frequently applied to issues relating to social care, and most often takes embodiment as a key focus. This study is novel in its application of the concept to experiences of seeking self-funded care, and in its introduction of the concept of ‘care chronicles’, which invite a longer and broader view of biographical disruptions in the lives of older people with care needs and their families.