bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Fat Content of Six Types of Rambutan Seeds (Nephelium lappaceum L.) As Biodiesel Raw Material
Authors: Fitriyanti R I , Yuniastuti E , Nandariyah  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is a fruit plant from Indonesia with potential from roots, leaves, bark, fruit skin, and flesh, but the seeds are not utilized and become waste. Rambutan seeds contain fatty acids that have the potential as biodiesel, so it can be used as an energy substitute for depleting oil as well as reduce the environmental impact. This study aims to determine the best oil content of the six types of rambutan seeds (antalagi, binjai, garuda, lebak bulus, rapiah and sibatuk ganal) that have the potential as biodiesel feedstock. The process of this research was carried out using the Soxhlet method from Woodman 1941. The results showed that the oil yield of the six types of rambutan seeds was between 22.8% and 36.65%. The Sibatuk ganal type obtained the lowest yield, while the best yield was for garuda rambutan seeds, at 36.65%. However, constrained by its availability as a raw material for biodiesel, Binjai type rambutan seeds are an alternative and more efficient if developed as biodiesel compared to the other five types of rambutan. The test of Binjai type rambutan seed oil obtained sulfur values, calorific values (HHV and LHV), and freezing point values according to SNI biodiesel, while the boiling point values are below SNI biodiesel.
Crop Protection and Environment: Sustainable Control Measures of Pests and Diseases
Authors: Brotodjojo RR R , Lakatos L 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The second Sustainable Development Goals determines to achieve zero starvation, accomplish food security and attain better-quality nutrition and encourage eco-friendly agriculture. The sustainability can be achieved by maintaining environments, improving capability for adjustment to climate change, unpredictable weather, and other natural catastrophes and enhancing land and soil quality progressively. The challenge in keeping high yield crops is pests and diseases attack. Control measures to suppress pests and diseases should also keep the ecosystems in balance. Pesticides that heavily used for plant protection besides their effectiveness in controlling pests and diseases also possess risks to non-target organisms. To diminish the harmful effect of pesticides, innovative methods to cut the amount of active ingredients applied have established, including developing new formulation of existing compounds, enhancing the bioactivity of active ingredients. In addition, there are also new development in plant protection products derived from natural ingredients, new mode of action and biochemical targets. Various cultural methods are considered eco-friendly measures, including habitat and cropping management, sanitation and fallowing. Furthermore, application of biocontrol agents and cultivation of resistant/tolerant crop varieties should be incorporate into plant protection as part of sustainable control methods of pests and diseases.
Integrated Environment Concept: Technology for Processing Agriculture, Cattle Farming, and Household Waste in Banyuwangi, Indonesia
Authors: Chusna I A , Gunandito E B , Dermawan T F , Ernawati R 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Banyuwangi District is one of the largest areas that have an agricultural land area in East Java. Kalibaru Wetan village located in Kalibaru Sub-district has 311 Ha for harvest area and 61.29% for society who work in the agriculture sector. The concept of an integrated environment in agricultural waste, cattle farming waste, and household waste has economic value for society and can support sustainable development. The research aimed to analyze the potential and treatment methods of agricultural waste, cattle farming waste, and household waste. Furthermore, planning implementation of technically integrated environment concept. The methodology research has begun with collecting primary-secondary data and processing data with the concepts and literature studies. The environmental analysis is used for determining the processing method for wastes so that the processing method can be more sustainable for society. The idea of an integrated environment in this study consisted of processing straw into cattle feed, agricultural waste into compost, cattle farming waste into biogas, bio-slurry into liquid fertilizer, waste sorting programs, and planting training. The biogas results can cover the 288 houses that spread in 3 RW. The integrated concept was sustained and related with the others so that the integrated concept has potential benefit to society if implemented in Kalibaru Village.
On the understanding of very severe cyclone storm Ockhi with the WRF-ARW model
Authors: Mukherjee Pubali , Ramakrishnan Balaji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of tropical cyclones (TCs) in terms of intensity, and their trajectory is essential for an adequate early warning and mitigation. The present study attempts to understand the synoptic features of the recent TC Ockhi through a simulation-based approach with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF, version 3.8.1) model. Ockhi is considered as a unique TC that originated from depression in the Bay of Bengal on 29 November 2017, recurved towards the Arabian Sea, where it intensified into a very severe cyclone storm and weakened on 5 December 2017. WRF model forced with initial condition from (global forecasting system) GFS data and sea surface temperature (SST) from Group for High-Resolution SST (GHRSST) product for different lead times to test the potential sensitivity of the model. One with an extended period from 20 November to 20 December 2017 (WRF1) and another initiated from 27 November to 6 December 2017 (WRF2). Comparison of the simulated track with the best track estimates from the Indian Meteorological Department indicated an overall track deviation greater than 100 km for both the simulations. The analysis with the extended lead time simulation indicates that the WRF simulated sea level pressure and wind intensity are close to that observed by Arabian sea buoys; CB02, AD08, AD10, and AD07. Daily averaged wind estimate comparison of WRF1 with Scatsat-1 and ERA-5 indicates that the model is slightly overestimating, whereas comparison of peak wind intensity with the time instantaneous swath product of Scatsat-1 leads to underestimation. Analysis of various simulated synoptic features of the cyclone, as discussed in this paper, indicates that the model is skillful in capturing the various stages of cyclone Ockhi.
Cost-effectiveness of an educational intervention to reduce potentially inappropriate medication
Authors: Rantsi Mervi , Pitkälä Kaisu H , Kautiainen Hannu , Hyttinen Virva , Kankaanpää Eila 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEducational interventions can reduce potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in older people. Their effectiveness has been measured mainly as changes in PIM use. In this economic evaluation, we analyse the impact of an educational intervention in terms of costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).MethodsThe educational intervention consisted of activating and interactive training sessions for nursing staff and consulting physicians, and was compared with treatment as usual (TAU). Participants (n = 227) in a cluster randomised trial (cRCT) were residents living permanently in assisted living facilities (n = 20 wards). For economic evaluation, participants’ healthcare service use costs and costs for the intervention were estimated for a 12 month period.Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were estimated for QALYs per participant. Cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted from a healthcare perspective. A bootstrapped cost-effectiveness plane and one-way sensitivity analysis were undertaken to analyse the uncertainty surrounding the estimates.ResultsThe educational intervention was estimated to be less costly and less effective in terms of QALYs than TAU at the 12 month follow-up [incremental costs –€1,629, confidence interval (CI) –€5,489 to €2,240; incremental effect −0.02, CI –0.06 to 0.02]. The base case ICER was &gt;€80,000/QALY.ConclusionThe educational intervention was estimated to be less costly and less effective in terms of QALYs compared with TAU, but the results are subject to some uncertainties. Reduction in PIM use or benefits in quality of life did not seem to translate into improvements in QALYs. Our findings emphasise the need for better understanding of the impact of decreasing PIM use on health outcomes.
Discovering trends and hotspots of biosafety and biosecurity research via machine learning
Authors: Guan Renchu , Pang Haoyu , Liang Yanchun , Shao Zhongjun , Gao Xin , Xu Dong , Feng Xiaoyue 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected hundreds of millions of people and killed millions of them. As an RNA virus, COVID-19 is more susceptible to variation than other viruses. Many problems involved in this epidemic have made biosafety and biosecurity (hereafter collectively referred to as ‘biosafety’) a popular and timely topic globally. Biosafety research covers a broad and diverse range of topics, and it is important to quickly identify hotspots and trends in biosafety research through big data analysis. However, the data-driven literature on biosafety research discovery is quite scant. We developed a novel topic model based on latent Dirichlet allocation, affinity propagation clustering and the PageRank algorithm (LDAPR) to extract knowledge from biosafety research publications from 2011 to 2020. Then, we conducted hotspot and trend analysis with LDAPR and carried out further studies, including annual hot topic extraction, a 10-year keyword evolution trend analysis, topic map construction, hot region discovery and fine-grained correlation analysis of interdisciplinary research topic trends. These analyses revealed valuable information that can guide epidemic prevention work: (1) the research enthusiasm over a certain infectious disease not only is related to its epidemic characteristics but also is affected by the progress of research on other diseases, and (2) infectious diseases are not only strongly related to their corresponding microorganisms but also potentially related to other specific microorganisms. The detailed experimental results and our code are available at https://github.com/KEAML-JLU/Biosafety-analysis.
Recovered grasping performance after stroke depends on interhemispheric frontoparietal connectivity
Authors: Hensel Lukas , Lange Fabian , Tscherpel Caroline , Viswanathan Shivakumar , Freytag Jana , Volz Lukas J , Eickhoff Simon B , Fink Gereon R , Grefkes Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractActivity changes in the ipsi- and contralesional parietal cortex and abnormal interhemispheric connectivity between these regions are commonly observed after stroke, however, their significance for motor recovery remains poorly understood. We here assessed the contribution of ipsilesional and contralesional anterior intraparietal cortex (aIPS) for hand motor function in 18 recovered chronic stroke patients and 18 healthy control subjects using a multimodal assessment consisting of resting-state functional MRI, motor task functional MRI, online-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) interference, and 3D movement kinematics. Effects were compared against two control stimulation sites, i.e. contralesional M1 and a sham stimulation condition.We found that patients with good motor outcome compared to patients with more substantial residual deficits featured increased resting-state connectivity between ipsilesional aIPS and contralesional aIPS as well as between ipsilesional aIPS and dorsal premotor cortex. Moreover, interhemispheric connectivity between ipsilesional M1 and contralesional M1 as well as ipsilesional aIPS and contralesional M1 correlated with better motor performance across tasks. TMS interference at individual aIPS and M1 coordinates led to differential effects depending on the motor task that was tested, i.e. index finger-tapping, rapid pointing movements, or a reach-grasp-lift task. Interfering with contralesional aIPS deteriorated the accuracy of grasping, especially in patients featuring higher connectivity between ipsi- and contralesional aIPS. In contrast, interference with the contralesional M1 led to impaired grasping speed in patients featuring higher connectivity between bilateral M1.These findings suggest differential roles of contralesional M1 and aIPS for distinct aspects of recovered hand motor function, depending on the reorganization of interhemispheric connectivity.
Supplementation effects of a kokumi substance, γ-Glu-Val-Gly, on the ingestion of basic taste solutions in rats
Authors: Yamamoto Takashi , Mizuta Haruno 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In addition to the well-accepted taste receptors corresponding to the 6 basic taste qualities, sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami, and fatty, another type of taste receptor, calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), is located in taste bud cells. CaSR is called the kokumi receptor because its agonists induce koku (or kokumi), a Japanese word meaning the enhancement of flavor characteristics, such as thickness, mouthfulness, and continuity. Kokumi is an important factor in enhancing food palatability. γ-Glu-Val-Gly (EVG) is the most potent agonist of CaSR, which induces a strong kokumi flavor. However, no behavioral studies have been documented in animals using EVG. Here, we show that EVG at low concentrations that do not elicit a taste of its own enhances preferences for umami, fat, and sweet taste solutions in rats. An increased preference for inosine monophosphate (IMP) and Intralipos was the most dominant effect. NPS-2143, an antagonist of CaSR, abolished the additive effect of EVG on IMP and Intralipos solutions. These effects of EVG on taste stimuli are thought to occur in the oral cavity, because the effects of EVG were confirmed in a brief exposure test. The additive effects on IMP and Intralipos remained after the transection of the chorda tympani, indicating that these effects also occur in the palate and/or posterior part of the tongue. Moreover, the additive effects of EVG were verified in electrophysiological taste nerve responses. These results may partially provide the underlying mechanisms for EVG to induce kokumi flavor in humans.
Gender and the Monstrous-Feminine: Subversion in Naomi Alderman’s The Power
Authors: Mondragón Paredes Verónica 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Naomi Alderman’s speculative fiction novel The Power (2016) centers on a newfound supernatural ability in women: shooting lightning with their hands. A critical reading of this biologically determined ability is needed to assess Alderman’s conception of the female body. While the corruption of women in the novel demonstrates that reversing power structures would not be an adequate solution to gender-based oppression, a unique perspective on the skein can be discerned by employing the psychoanalytic framework of the monstrous-feminine archetype. By tracking the development of the archetype in the novel, from the seemingly feminist witch through its (d)evolution into the phallic woman, this essay will argue that the abjectification of the female body in the novel works strategically to denounce the gender binary itself.
Physical properties of root cementum: Part 29. The effects of LED-mediated photobiomodulation on orthodontically induced root resorption and pain: a pilot split-mouth randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sambevski John , Papadopoulou Alexandra K , Foley Matthew , Dalci Kerem , Petocz Peter , Darendeliler Mehmet Ali , Dalci Oyku 
Published: April 2022

Summary

Objectives
To examine the effects of light-emitting diode (LED)-mediated photobiomodulation (PBM) on orthodontic root resorption and pain.

Methods
Twenty patients (3 males, 17 females, mean age 15 years 6 months) needing bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions for orthodontic treatment were included in this single-centre, split-mouth randomized controlled trial. Both premolars received 150 g of buccal tipping force for 28 days. One side was randomly assigned to receive intraoral 850 nm wavelength, 60 mW/cm2 power, continuous LED illumination via OrthoPulse device (Biolux Research Ltd, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada) for 5 minutes/day. The other side served as control. After 28 days, both premolars were extracted and scanned with micro-computed tomography for primary outcome assessment of root resorption crater volume measurements. For secondary outcome assessment, visual analogue scale pain questionnaires were used for both sides at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days. Randomization was generated using www.randomization.com and allocation was concealed in sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes. Blinding was not possible during the experiment due to the use of tape to block light on control side of the devices. Assessors were blinded during outcome assessments.

Results
All 40 premolars from 20 patients were included. There was no significant difference in the mean total root resorption between the LED PBM and control sides (mean 0.216 versus 0.284 mm3, respectively, P = 0.306). The LED side was associated with less pain at 24 hours (P = 0.023) and marginally more pain at subsequent time points, which was not statistically significant. No harms were observed.

Limitations
Short study duration and the inability to blind patients and clinician during clinical part of study.

Conclusion
This 28-day randomized split-mouth controlled trial showed that daily, LED-mediated PBM application, when applied for 5 minute/day, does not influence orthodontic root resorption. It is associated with significantly less pain 24 hours after the application of orthodontic force, but no difference thereafter. These results should be tested on patients undergoing a full course of orthodontic treatment.

Trial registration
Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616000652471.
Critical appraisal of artificial intelligence-based prediction models for cardiovascular disease
Authors: van Smeden Maarten , Heinze Georg , Van Calster Ben , Asselbergs Folkert W , Vardas Panos E , Bruining Nico , de Jaegere Peter , Moore Jason H , Denaxas Spiros , Boulesteix Anne Laure , Moons Karel G M 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe medical field has seen a rapid increase in the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-based prediction models. With the introduction of such AI-based prediction model tools and software in cardiovascular patient care, the cardiovascular researcher and healthcare professional are challenged to understand the opportunities as well as the limitations of the AI-based predictions. In this article, we present 12 critical questions for cardiovascular health professionals to ask when confronted with an AI-based prediction model. We aim to support medical professionals to distinguish the AI-based prediction models that can add value to patient care from the AI that does not.
When Does Audience Matter? Challengers’ Stability and Audience Costs
Authors: Yu Chamseul , Whang Taehee , Lee Sangmin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this article, we argue that the degree to which audience costs work depends on the challenger state's leader stability. Unlike in the previous literature, we attempt to depart from a simple categorical comparison among regime types. Instead, we argue that the magnitude of audience costs varies continuously throughout the spectrum of a leader's stability. We employ probit regression with a squared term of stability, utilizing a large-N dataset of international conflicts provided by Militarized Interstate Dispute. Empirical results suggest a U-shaped curvilinear relationship between a challenger's stability and a target's probability of reciprocation. As the challenger's stability decreases, a target of interstate military conflict is less likely to reciprocate, that is, audience costs are more likely to be generated when a challenger is less stable. However, a target is less likely to concede as stability goes below a certain level because outside actors cannot learn the challenger's political patterns and intentions. Such findings imply that audience costs would be the highest at a moderate level of instability.
Rapid Intraspecies Evolution of Fitness Effects of Yeast Genes
Authors: Wang Yayu , Jiang Bei , Wu Yue , He Xionglei , Liu Li 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Organisms within species have numerous genetic and phenotypic variations. Growing evidences show intraspecies variation of mutant phenotypes may be more complicated than expected. Current studies on intraspecies variations of mutant phenotypes are limited to just a few strains. This study investigated the intraspecies variation of fitness effects of 5,630 gene mutants in ten Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains using CRISPR–Cas9 screening. We found that the variability of fitness effects induced by gene disruptions is very large across different strains. Over 75% of genes affected cell fitness in a strain-specific manner to varying degrees. The strain specificity of the fitness effect of a gene is related to its evolutionary and functional properties. Subsequent analysis revealed that younger genes, especially those newly acquired in S. cerevisiae species, are more likely to be strongly strain-specific. Intriguingly, there seems to exist a ceiling of fitness effect size for strong strain-specific genes, and among them, the newly acquired genes are still evolving and have yet to reach this ceiling. Additionally, for a large proportion of protein complexes, the strain specificity profile is inconsistent among genes encoding the same complex. Taken together, these results offer a genome-wide map of intraspecies variation for fitness effect as a mutant phenotype and provide an updated insight on intraspecies phenotypic evolution.
Trade-offs between external knowledge sources for firm innovation in a developing country
Authors: Bello-Pintado Alejandro , Bianchi Carlos , Blanchard Pablo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the trade-off nature of the external knowledge-sourcing strategy of firms. Different combinations of external knowledge and information sources (KISs) on innovation performance are analyzed in the light of the existence of complementary and substitution effects between relational and codified sources. We assert that these effects are conditioned by the knowledge basis of the firm, which is associated with the firm’s relative cost of sourcing and internationalization. Our results shed new evidence on the specific features of sourcing knowledge for innovation in a less developed context, highlighting the critical role of codified sources and explaining the existence of the trade-offs that firms face in accessing and exploiting external KISs.
Sectoral patterns of collaborative tie formation: investigating geographic, cognitive, and technological dimensions
Authors: Simensen Erlend Osland , Abbasiharofteh Milad 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe literature on sectoral systems of innovation evidences the crucial importance of sectoral specificities in innovation. Also, the proximity framework enables the exploration and analysis of how various actors establish collaborative ties. However, there has not yet been much cross-fertilization between the proximity literature and sectoral systems of innovation. First, we conceptually integrate the proximity literature into sectoral studies by underlining the differences and commonalities across sectors. Second, we use a dataset of research and development (R&D) projects subsidized by the Research Council of Norway (RCN) between 2005 and 2016 to analyze the impact of geographical and cognitive proximities on collaborative tie formation in four Norwegian sectors (biotech, oil and gas, marine, and maritime). The results indicate that cognitive proximity and colocation in large cities are positively related to the creation of collaborative ties across all sectors. Yet, the joint effects of cognitive proximity and colocation in large cities vary across sectors and seem to be correlated with the complexity of sector-specific technologies.