bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 was not associated or trigger disease activity in spondylarthritis patients: ReumaCoV-Brasil cross-sectional data
Authors: Marques Claudia Diniz Lopes , Ribeiro Sandra Lúcia Euzébio , Albuquerque Cleandro P. , de Sousa Studart Samia Araujo , Ranzolin Aline , de Andrade Nicole Pamplona Bueno , Dantas Andrea T. , Mota Guilherme D. , Resende Gustavo G. , Marinho Adriana O. , Angelieri Danielle , Andrade Danieli , Ribeiro Francinne M. , Omura Felipe , Silva Nilzio A. , Rocha Junior Laurindo , Brito Danielle E. , Fernandino Diana C. , Yazbek Michel A. , Souza Mariana P. G. , Ximenes Antonio Carlos , Martins Ana Silvia S. , Castro Glaucio Ricardo W. , Oliveira Lívia C. , Freitas Ana Beatriz S. B. , Kakehasi Adriana M. , Gomides Ana Paula M. , Reis Neto Edgard Torres , Pileggi Gecilmara S. , Ferreira Gilda A. , Mota Licia Maria H. , Xavier Ricardo M. , de Medeiros Pinheiro Marcelo ,   the ReumaCoV-Brasil Registry
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the disease activity before and after COVID-19 and risk factors associated with outcomes, including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation (MV) and death in patients with spondylarthritis (SpA).

Methods
ReumaCoV Brazil is a multicenter prospective cohort of immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRD) patients with COVID-19 (case group), compared to a control group of IMRD patients without COVID-19. SpA patients enrolled were grouped as axial SpA (axSpA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and enteropathic arthritis, according to usual classification criteria.

Results
353 SpA patients were included, of whom 229 (64.9%) were axSpA, 118 (33.4%) PsA and 6 enteropathic arthritis (1.7%). No significant difference was observed in disease activity before the study inclusion comparing cases and controls, as well no worsening of disease activity after COVID-19. The risk factors associated with hospitalization were age over 60 years (OR = 3.71; 95% CI 1.62–8.47, p = 0.001); one or more comorbidities (OR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.02–5.08, p = 0.001) and leflunomide treatment (OR = 4.46; 95% CI 1.33–24.9, p = 0.008). Not having comorbidities (OR = 0.11; 95% CI 0.02–0.50, p = 0.001) played a protective role for hospitalization. In multivariate analysis, leflunomide treatment (OR = 8.69; CI = 95% 1.41–53.64; p = 0.023) was associated with hospitalization; teleconsultation (OR = 0.14; CI = 95% 0.03–0.71; p = 0.01) and no comorbidities (OR = 0.14; CI = 95% 0.02–0.76; p = 0.02) remained at final model as protective factor.

Conclusions
Our results showed no association between pre-COVID disease activity or that SARS-CoV-2 infection could trigger disease activity in patients with SpA. Teleconsultation and no comorbidities were associated with a lower hospitalization risk. Leflunomide remained significantly associated with higher risk of hospitalization after multiple adjustments.
Quantitative evaluation of iodine and fat using dual-energy CT for assessments of the tumor aggressiveness in lung cancer
Authors: Doai Mariko , Tsuchiya Naoko , Nishino Yuka , Tonami Hisao , Usuda Katsuo , Uramoto Hidetaka , Matoba Munetaka , Nagata Hiroji 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The three-material decomposition method (3MD) of dual-energy applications can quantify iodine and fat contents of the tumor. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of quantifying iodine and fat contents in the tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, and pleural invasion to predict tumor aggressiveness in lung cancer (LC) using dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). We prospectively analyzed the cases of 32 patients with lung tumors who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced DECT. Image data were processed with a 3MD using imaging software. Iodine and fat within the mass were quantified. In the 24 patients with cancerous lung tumors, we performed correlation analysis of iodine and fat contents with histological grade (grades 1–4), lymphovascular invasion and pleural invasion.

Results
The iodine concentration (mg/mL) and fat-volume-fraction (%) showed no significant differences among histological grades (p = 0.514 and p = 0.405, respectively) (Jonckheere–Terpstra test). Likewise, pleural invasion was not associated with either the iodine concentration or the fat-volume-fraction (p = 0.673 and p = 0.251, respectively) (Mann–Whitney test). Lymphovascular invasion, however, was significantly associated with the fat-volume-fraction (39.3 $$\pm$$
±
23.4% vs. 62.3 $$\pm$$
±
29.5%, p = 0.007), but not with the iodine concentration (p = 0.137). The receiver operating characteristics curve of the fat-volume-fraction between the presence and absence of lymphovascular invasion revealed an area under the curve of 0.861 at the cut-off value of 37.8%, with a sensitivity of 1.000 and specificity of 0.722.

Conclusion
The quantitative evaluation of fat within a tumor using DECT may predict lymphovascular invasion in LC.
A stepwise multi-disciplinary algorithm for diagnosis of fibrosing lung diseases contributing MDCT, MRI, and PET/CT: a study on 250 patients using significance and validation analyses
Authors: Samir Ahmed , Khalifa Mohamed Hossameldin , Baess Ayman Ibrahim , Sweed Rania Ahmed , Abougabal Ahmed Mohamed , Galeel Aya Abdel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The new guidelines limited the use of lung biopsy in the evaluation of lung fibrosis because of its hazards. The differential diagnosis of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is challenging because of overlapping multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) morphologic features between interstitial and non-interstitial fibrosing lung diseases. Scar carcinoma is a serious complication that needs to be excluded in certain conditions. Aim of the work: To achieve a multi-disciplinary algorithm for the diagnosis of fibrosing lung diseases to limit the need for lung biopsy by combining the clinico-laboratory and radiological roles.

Results
This study included two major steps. The first step (prevalence/significance analysis of the contributing parameters for the diagnosis of fibrosing lung diseases) was retrospectively conducted on 150 patients pathologically proved with fibrosing lung disease during the period between January/2016 and April/2018. Based on a P-value < 0.001, honeycombing bronchiectasis was significant to IPF. Basal traction bronchiectasis/bronchiolectasis was relevant to fibrosing non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). "Head cheese" CT-sign, history of allergen exposure, blood eosinophilia, and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocytosis were relevant to chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Upper peripheral lung fibrosis was significant to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE). Cavitations, tree-in-bud, and calcific nodules were relevant to TB, while the "platy-thorax" CT-sign was relevant to PPFE. The upper peribronchovascular fibrosis was relevant to sarcoidosis and progressive massive fibrosis (PMF); additionally, calcific changes were relevant to PMF. Bright T2-signal, diffusion weighted-image (DWI) restriction in magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI), and high standardized uptake value (SUV) in positron emission tomography (PET-CT) were significant to scar carcinoma. Eventually, an algorithm was created. The second step (validation analysis) prospectively targeted 100 patients initially diagnosed with lung fibrosis during the period from June/2018 to June/2022. It revealed 83.3–100% sensitivity, 96.3–100% specificity, 85.7–100% PPV, 96.4–100% NPV, and 96–100% accuracy, with balanced accuracy = 0.91–1. Four consulting radiologists and two consulting pulmonologists participated in this study.

Conclusions
A valid stepwise multi-disciplinary algorithm was proposed for the diagnosis of interstitial and non-interstitial fibrosing lung diseases to limit the need and hazards of lung biopsy. It contributed significant clinico-laboratory data, MDCT features, T2-WI and DWI-MRI findings as well as PET/CT results.
Spontaneous pneumothorax in metastatic osteosarcoma: a case series
Authors: Nellimootil Mathew Varghese , Joseph Thomas Jeo , Gupta Richa , Nair Avinash Anil , James Prince , Irodi Aparna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Malignancy-associated secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (MSSP) has an incidence of 1% with a risk for recurrence of 9.4% reported in association with sarcomas, histiocytoma, malignant thymoma, and cancers of the breast and thyroid.

Case presentation
We report a series of four patients who presented to us with MSSP associated with pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma, all four being young males with metastasis to the lungs. All four patients were non-smokers and had no family history of malignancy. Less than 2% of all spontaneous pneumothoraxes present with bilateral pneumothorax, and our series reports the same in three patients. The occurrence of pneumothorax in two of the patients was in the week following chemotherapy. As there was evidence of pulmonary metastasis in these patients along with the clinical presentation of pneumothorax following chemotherapy, tumor necrosis was considered the likely etiology of spontaneous pneumothorax in these patients. All four patients required intercostal chest drain insertion, and the ICD tubes had to be retained for a prolonged duration due to either persistent air leak or secondary infection. ICD tube insertion further compromised the poor mobility of patients with lower limb lesions due to increased pain and was detrimental to the emotional morale of the patient and caregivers. The 2-year survival in such patients with pneumothorax is less than 10%.

Conclusions
Our series highlights the need for respiratory evaluation and follow-up both clinically and radiologically in cases of osteosarcoma, especially in the immediate post-chemotherapy period.
ACUVRA: Anion-Exchange Chromatography UV-Ratio Analysis—A QC-Friendly Method for Monitoring Adeno-Associated Virus Empty Capsid Content To Support Process Development and GMP Release Testing
Authors: Frenkel Ruth , Tribby Dana , Boumajny Boris , Larson Nicholas , Sampson Matthew , Barney Christopher , Bergelson Svetlana , Sosic Zoran , Yeung Bernice 
Published: November 2022

Abstract The genome content of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors is critical to the safety and potency of AAV-based gene therapy products. Empty capsids are considered a product-related impurity and a critical quality attribute (CQA) of the drug product, thus requiring characterization throughout the production process to demonstrate they are controlled to acceptable levels in the final drug product. Anion exchange chromatography has been used to achieve separation between empty and full capsids, but requires method development and gradient optimization for different serotypes and formulations. Here, we describe an alternative approach to quantitation that does not rely on achieving separation between empty and full capsids, but instead uses the well-established relationship between absorbance at UV A260/A280 and relation to DNA/protein content, in combination with anion-exchange chromatography to allow one to calculate the relative proportion of empty and full capsids in AAV samples from a single peak. We call this approach ACUVRA: Anion-exchange Chromatography UV-Ratio Analysis, and show the applicability of the method through a case study with recombinant AAV2 (rAAV2) process intermediates and drug substance. Method qualification and GMP validation in a quality control (QC) laboratory results show that ACUVRA is a fit-for-purpose method for process development support and characterization, while also being a QC-friendly option for GMP release testing at all stages of clinical development.
The Development and Evaluation of Phase Transition Microemulsion for Ocular Delivery of Acetazolamide for Glaucoma Treatment
Authors: Abd El Wahab Lubna M. , Essa Ebtessam A. , El Maghraby Gamal M. , Arafa Mona F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop microemulsion (ME) formulation with possible phase transition into liquid crystals upon ocular application to enhance acetazolamide bioavailability. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed using olive oil or castor oil (oily phase), Tween 80 (surfactant), and sodium carbonate solution (aqueous phase). Microemulsion and liquid crystal (LC) formulations were selected from the constructed phase diagrams and were evaluated for rheological properties and in vitro drug release. The efficacy of the developed formulations in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) was assessed in vivo. In vitro release study showed slower release rate from LC and ME compared with drug solution with the release from LC being the slowest. Ocular application of acetazolamide ME formulations or aqueous solution resulted in significant reduction in IOP from baseline. The recorded Tmax values indicated faster onset of action for acetazolamide aqueous solution (1 h) compared with ME systems (3 h). However, the duration of action was prolonged and the reduction in IOP continued for up to 10 h in case of MEs, while that of aqueous solution was only for 4–5 h. The study suggested ME formulations for ocular delivery of acetazolamide with enhanced efficacy and prolonged duration of action.
Radiomics in bone pathology of the jaws
Authors: Santos Glaucia Nize Martins , da Silva Helbert Eustáquio Cardoso , Ossege Filipe Eduard Leite , Figueiredo Paulo Tadeu de Souza , Melo Nilce de Santos , Stefani Cristine Miron , Leite André Ferreira 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To define which are and how the radiomics features of jawbone pathologies are extracted for diagnosis, predicting prognosis and therapeutic response. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using eight databases and gray literature. Two independent observers rated these articles according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. 23 papers were included to assess the radiomics features related to jawbone pathologies. Included studies were evaluated by using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Results: Agnostic features were mined from periapical, dental panoramic radiographs, cone beam CT, CT and MRI images of six different jawbone alterations. The most frequent features mined were texture-, shape- and intensity-based features. Only 13 studies described the machine learning step, and the best results were obtained with Support Vector Machine and random forest classifier. For osteoporosis diagnosis and classification, filtering, shape-based and Tamura texture features showed the best performance. For temporomandibular joint pathology, gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), gray level run length matrix (GLRLM), Gray Level Size Zone Matrix (GLSZM), first-order statistics analysis and shape-based analysis showed the best results. Considering odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts and tumors, contourlet and SPHARM features, first-order statistical features, GLRLM, GLCM had better indexes. For odontogenic cysts and granulomas, first-order statistical analysis showed better classification results. Conclusions: GLCM was the most frequent feature, followed by first-order statistics, and GLRLM features. No study reported predicting response, prognosis or therapeutic response, but instead diseases diagnosis or classification. Although the lack of standardization in the radiomics workflow of the included studies, texture analysis showed potential to contribute to radiologists’ reports, decreasing the subjectivity and leading to personalized healthcare.
Anticancer effect of Illicium verum (star anise fruit) against human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line
Authors: Pahore Asra Khan , Khan Shagufta , Karim Nasim 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To investigate the anticancer effect of Illicium verum against human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line.
Methods: An experimental study was conducted in Multidisciplinary and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Aga Khan University in collaboration with Pharmacology Department of Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan from January 2021 to June 2021. MCF-7 cells of Luminal-A breast cancer were seeded in 96-well plate and treated with I.verum methanol extract. After incubation, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) dye was used for cell viability and cell proliferation assays to determine the number of dead and viable cells, and the absorbance was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plate reader. In cell viability assay, different doses of I. verum methanol extract were used to treat the MCF-7 (0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 25, and 50µg/ml) cells. For apoptosis analysis, the cells were processed with 4´, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole fluorescent nuclear dye (DAPI) and were examined for fluorescence intensity and apoptotic cells. For cell proliferation assay and apoptosis the IC50 dose of 5.5µg/ml I. verum methanol extract was used.
Results: The MCF-7 cells showed a significant reduction (p-value <0.01) in cell viability in the presence of all tested doses of I. verum methanol extract, except for the dose of 0.25µg/ml. The IC50 dose 5.5µg/ml of same extract also showed a significant reduction (p-value <0.01) in cell proliferation and apoptosis induction in MCF-7 cells.
Conclusions: Illicium verum methanol extract possesses very potent anticancer action against MCF-7 cells through cytotoxicity, reduction, and inhibition of cancer cells and by inducing apoptosis.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6580
How to cite this: Pahore AK, Khan S, Karim N. Anticancer effect of Illicium verum (star anise fruit) against human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6580
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
What gives a stroke publication impact? Assessing traditional and alternative metrics of scientific impact for papers published in the journal Stroke
Authors: Wong Li Siang , Drozdowska Bogna A , Doherty Daniel , Quinn Terence J 
Published: November 2022

Background: The ‘impact’ of a scientific paper is a measure of influence in its field. In recent years, traditional, citation-based measures of impact have been complemented by Altmetrics, which quantify outputs including social media footprint. As authors and research institutions seek to increase their visibility both within and beyond the academic community, it is important to identify and compare the determinants of traditional and alternative metrics. We explored this using Stroke – a leading journal in its field. Methods: We described the impact of original research papers published in Stroke (2015-2016) using citation count and Altmetric Attention Score (Altmetrics). Using these two metrics as our outcomes, we assessed univariable and multivariable associations with 21 plausibly relevant publication features. We set the significance threshold at p<0.01. Results: Across 911 papers published in Stroke, there was an average citation count of 21.60 (±17.40) and Altmetric score of 17.99 (±47.37). The two impact measures were weakly correlated (r=0.15, p<0.001). Citations were independently associated with five publication features at a significance level of p<0.01: Time Since Publication (beta=0.87), Number of Authors (beta=0.22), Publication Type (beta=6.76), Number of Previous Publications (beta=0.01) and Editorial (beta=9.45). For Altmetrics, we observed a trend for independent associations with: Time Since Publication (beta=-0.25, p=0.02), Number of References (beta=0.32, p=0.02) and Country of Affiliation (beta=8.59, p=0.01). Our models explained 21% and 3% of variance in citations and Altmetrics, respectively. Conclusion: Papers published in Stroke have impact. Certain aspects of content and format may contribute to impact, but these differ for traditional measures and Altmetrics, and explain only a very modest proportion of variance in the latter. Citation counts and Altmetrics seem to represent different constructs and, therefore, should be used in conjunction to allow a more comprehensive assessment of publication impact.
Artificial intelligence in the digital twins: State of the art, challenges, and future research topics
Authors: Lv Zhihan , Xie Shuxuan 
Published: November 2022

Advanced computer technologies such as big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, digital twins, and edge computing have been applied in various fields as digitalization has progressed. To study the status of the application of digital twins in the combination with AI, this paper classifies the applications and prospects of AI in digital twins by studying the research results of the current published literature. We discuss the application status of digital twins in the four areas of aerospace, intelligent manufacturing in production workshops, unmanned vehicles, and smart city transportation, and we review the current challenges and topics that need to be looked forward to in the future. It was found that the integration of digital twins and AI has significant effects in aerospace flight detection simulation, failure warning, aircraft assembly, and even unmanned flight. In the virtual simulation test of automobile autonomous driving, it can save 80% of the time and cost, and the same road conditions reduce the parameter scale of the actual vehicle dynamics model and greatly improve the test accuracy. In the intelligent manufacturing of production workshops, the establishment of a virtual workplace environment can provide timely fault warning, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure the overall workshop operational safety. In smart city traffic, the real road environment is simulated, and traffic accidents are restored, so that the traffic situation is clear and efficient, and urban traffic management can be carried out quickly and accurately. Finally, we looked forward to the future of digital twins and AI, hoping to provide a reference for future research in related fields.