bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Within‐ and between‐laboratory reproducibility and predictive capacity of amino acid derivative reactivity assay (ADRA) using a 0.5 mg/mL test chemical solution: Results of the study for reproducibility confirmation implemented in five participating laboratories
Authors: Yamamoto Yusuke , Fujita Masaharu , Watanabe Shinichi , Yamaga Hiroaki , Wakabayashi Koji , Tahara Yu , Horie Nobuyuki , Fujimoto Keiichi , Takeuchi Kazuya , Kamiya Kohei , Kawakami Tsuyoshi , Kojima Kohichi , Sozu Takashi , Kojima Hajime , Kasahara Toshihiko , Ono Atsushi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe amino acid derivative reactivity assay (ADRA) is an in chemico alternative assay for skin sensitization listed in OECD test guideline 442C. ADRA evaluates the reactivity of sensitizers to proteins, which is key event 1 in the skin sensitization adverse outcome pathway.Although the current key event 1 evaluation method is a simple assay that evaluates nucleophile and test chemical reactivity, mixtures of unknown molecular weights cannot be evaluated because a constant molar ratio between the nucleophile and test chemical is necessary. In addition, because the nucleophile is quantified by HPLC, the frequency of co‐eluting the test chemical and nucleophile increases when measuring multi‐component mixtures. To solve these issues, test conditions have been developed using a 0.5 mg/mL test chemical solution and fluorescence‐based detection. Since the practicality of these methods has not been substantiated, a validation test to confirm reproducibility was conducted in this study.The 10 proficiency substances listed in the ADRA guidelines were tested three times at five different laboratories. The results of both within‐ and between‐laboratory reproducibility were 100%, and the results of ultraviolet‐ and fluorescence‐based measurements were also consistent. In addition to the proficiency substances, a new positive control, squaric acid diethyl ester, was tested three times at the five laboratories. The results showed high reproducibility with N‐(2‐(1‐naphthyl)acetyl)‐l‐cysteine depletion of 37%–52% and α‐N‐(2‐(1‐naphthyl)acetyl)‐l‐lysine depletion of 99%–100%.Thus, high reproducibility was confirmed in both evaluations of the 0.5 mg/mL test chemical and the fluorescence‐based measurements, validating the practicability of these methods.
Study on promoting regeneration of zebrafish skull by phycocyanin characterized by in vivo optical coherence tomography
Authors: Xiang Xiang , Gao Weijian , Xu Yao , Zhang Yiqing , Lu Ting , Gan Shuqi , Huang Jing , Li Ziling , Huang Li , Liao Yonghua , Wang Limei , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, the efficacy of phycocyanin in bone defect repairing was tested on a zebrafish skull defect model, and the evaluating process was monitored in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Thirty zebrafish were randomly divided into three groups, which were immersed in water and phycocyanin solution (50 and 100 mg/L) after skull defect creating. All zebrafish were examined by OCT immediately after craniotomy, and on the 10th and 20th days of phycocyanin treatment. All the model fish were euthanized to enable a histological evaluation of skull after 20 days of recovery. OCT images demonstrated that phycocyanin (50 mg/L) could repair a cranial defect within 20 days. A high concentration (100 mg/L) of phycocyanin may favor the recovery of bone abnormalities in 10 days, but with the extended treatment time to 20 days, a deformation of the skull occurs.
Genetic Analysis in a Familial Case With High Bone Mineral Density Suggests Additive Effects at Two Loci
Authors: Martínez‐Gil Núria , Ovejero Diana , Garcia‐Giralt Natalia , Bruque Carlos David , Mellibovsky Leonardo , Nogués Xavier , Rabionet Raquel , Grinberg Daniel , Balcells Susanna 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTOsteoporosis is the most common bone disease, characterized by a low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fracture. At the other end of the BMD spectrum, some individuals present strong, fracture‐resistant, bones. Both osteoporosis and high BMD are heritable and their genetic architecture encompasses polygenic inheritance of common variants and some cases of monogenic highly penetrant variants in causal genes. We have investigated the genetics of high BMD in a family segregating this trait in an apparently Mendelian dominant pattern. We searched for rare causal variants by whole‐exome sequencing in three affected and three nonaffected family members. Using this approach, we have identified 38 rare coding variants present in the proband and absent in the three individuals with normal BMD. Although we have found four variants shared by the three affected members of the family, we have not been able to relate any of these to the high‐BMD phenotype. In contrast, we have identified missense variants in two genes,VAV3andADGRE5, each shared by two of out of three affected members, whose loss of function fits with the phenotype of the family. In particular, the proband, a woman displaying the highest BMD (sumZ‐score = 7), carries both variants, whereas the other two affected members carry one each.VAV3encodes a guanine‐nucleotide‐exchange factor with an important role in osteoclast activation and function. Although no previous cases ofVAV3mutations have been reported in humans,Vav3knockout (KO) mice display dense bones, similarly to the high‐BMD phenotype present in our family. TheADGRE5gene encodes an adhesion G protein‐coupled receptor expressed in osteoclasts whose KO mouse displays increased trabecular bone volume. Combined, these mouse and human data highlightVAV3andADGRE5as novel putative high‐BMD genes with additive effects, and potential therapeutic targets for osteoporosis. © 2022 The Authors.JBMR Pluspublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Association of impulsivity with quality of life and well‐being after alcohol withdrawal treatment
Authors: Reichl Daniela , Enewoldsen Niklas , Weisel Kiona K. , Fuhrmann Lukas , Lang Catharina , Saur Sebastian , Berking Matthias , Zink Mathias , Ahnert Andreas , Falkai Peter , Kraus Thomas , Hillemacher Thomas , Müller Felix‐N. , Kornhuber Johannes , Bönsch Dominikus , Kerkemeyer Linda , Steins‐Loeber Sabine 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesImpulsivity is related to a higher risk of relapse in alcohol use disorders. However, besides drinking behavior, other recovery outcomes like physical and mental health‐related quality of life are at least as important. The present study aimed to fill a research gap regarding the association of different impulsivity facets with health‐related quality of life and well‐being in alcohol use disorder.MethodsIndividuals with a primary alcohol use disorder diagnosis (n = 167) were interviewed with standardized self‐report measures at the progressed stage of their withdrawal treatment and 6 weeks thereafter. Multiple regression models were calculated to examine the association of impulsivity, craving, and drinking patterns with health‐related quality of life and well‐being 6 weeks after withdrawal treatment, as well as the predictive role of impulsivity assessed during withdrawal for these two outcomes.ResultsCraving was associated with health‐related quality of life and well‐being 6 weeks after withdrawal. Likewise, non‐planning and attentional impulsivity were associated with well‐being 6 weeks after withdrawal. Motor impulsivity during withdrawal treatment predicted health‐related quality of life 6 weeks thereafter.ConclusionImpulsivity seems to be negatively related to health‐related quality of life and well‐being in the first weeks after alcohol withdrawal treatment, probably to a higher extent than drinking patterns, but differentiating between its facets seems to be important. These findings emphasize the importance of treatment approaches aiming at reduced impulsivity in the early recovery process.
The role of original process in creating product essence and authenticity
Authors: Galoni Chelsea , Strejcek Brendan , Grayson Kent 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPast research has often reported that perceptions of authenticity are influenced by process cues. The research reported in this article provides evidence for why this is the case. The authors demonstrate that an original process leads to perceptions that the product has a valued essence, which leads to perceptions of authenticity. Previous research has shown that products acquire essence via proximity to original sources of value, and also by cues that the object has been “designed by” a valued creator. Three studies demonstrate that, relative to these previously identified antecedents, original process separately influences perceptions of essence and, therefore, perceptions of authenticity. The authors discuss the theoretical contribution of original process as an antecedent to authenticity and propose managerial implications.
Development of ovarian tumour causes significant loss of muscle and adipose tissue: a novel mouse model for cancer cachexia study
Authors: Luan Yi , Zhang Yaqi , Yu Seok‐Yeong , You Mikyoung , Xu Pauline C. , Chung Soonkyu , Kurita Takeshi , Zhu Jie , Kim So‐Youn 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundCancer‐associated cachexia (CAC) is a complex syndrome of progressive muscle wasting and adipose loss with metabolic dysfunction, severely increasing the morbidity and mortality risk in cancer patients. However, there are limited studies focused on the underlying mechanisms of the progression of CAC due to the complexity of this syndrome and the lack of preclinical models that mimics its stagewise progression.MethodsWe characterized the initiation and progression of CAC in transgenic female mice with ovarian tumours. We measured proposed CAC biomarkers (activin A, GDF15, IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α) in sera (n = 6) of this mouse model. The changes of activin A and GDF15 (n = 6) were correlated with the decline of bodyweight over time. Morphometry and signalling markers of muscle atrophy (n ≥ 6) and adipose tissue wasting (n ≥ 7) were assessed during CAC progression.ResultsCancer‐associated cachexia symptoms of the transgenic mice model used in this study mimic the progression of CAC seen in humans, including drastic body weight loss, skeletal muscle atrophy, and adipose tissue wasting. Serum levels of two cachexia biomarkers, activin A and GDF15, increased significantly during cachexia progression (76‐folds and 10‐folds, respectively). Overactivation of proteolytic activity was detected in skeletal muscle through up‐regulating muscle‐specific E3 ligases Atrogin‐1 and Murf‐1 (16‐folds and 14‐folds, respectively) with decreasing cross‐sectional area of muscle fibres (P < 0.001). Muscle wasting mechanisms related with p‐p38 MAPK, FOXO3, and p‐AMPKα were highly activated in concurrence with an elevation in serum activin A. Dramatic fat loss was also observed in this mouse model with decreased fat mass (n ≥ 6) and white adipocytes sizes (n = 6) (P < 0.0001). The adipose tissue wasting was based on thermogenesis, supported by the up‐regulation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Fibrosis in adipose tissue was also observed in concurrence with adipose tissue loss (n ≥ 13) (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsOur novel preclinical CAC mouse model mimics human CAC phenotypes and serum biomarkers. The mouse model in this study showed proteolysis in muscle atrophy, browning in adipose tissue wasting, elevation of serum activin A and GDF15, and atrophy of pancreas and liver. This mouse line would be the best preclinical model to aid in clarifying molecular mediators of CAC and dissecting metabolic dysfunction and tissue atrophy during the progression of CAC.
Adsorption of perchlorate by cationic modified adsorbent in a fixed bed continuous flow column
Authors: George Ann Mohan , Krishna bhavan Bhaskaran Radhakrishnan Nair , Ananthakrishnan Jayakumaran Nair 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the present investigation, rice husk modified by Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used for the adsorptive removal of perchlorate by fixed column experiments from aqueous solution. The performance of the cationic modified rice husk (MRH) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared analysis. Experiments were carried out in a properly designed test rig consisting of a fixed‐bed column of the cationic MRH with provision for admitting variable flow rates of the adsorbate at specified concentrations. The experimental unit can vary the column heights of the adsorbent.RESULTSThe influence of parameters such as inlet perchlorate feed concentration, flow rate of feed and height of bed used was analyzed based on the breakthrough curves and saturation time of the cationic modified adsorbent. The ranges of parameters were determined from parameter optimization studies using several sets of batch experiments conducted during the course of the preliminary investigation in the study. The breakthrough curves obtained from the column studies on the adsorption of perchlorate on MRH at various conditions were analyzed using four different kinetic models and the experimental and model‐predicted breakthrough curves were used to obtain the parameters of the adsorption process in the column.CONCLUSIONSAdams–Bohart and ded depth service time (BDST) models fitted better in the initial period of the adsorption process. Different nonlinear statistical methods were used to evaluate the best model for the column performance in the adsorption of perchlorate in a cationic modified adsorbent. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Surface dynamics, fractal features, and micromorphology analysis of kefir biofilms
Authors: Ţălu Ştefan , P. Pinto Erveton , S. Matos Robert , Zelati Amir , Solaymani Shahram , Shafiekhani Azizollah , Ghaderi Atefeh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe introduce a study of image analysis of kefir biofilms associated with Acai extract prepared by fermentation of fresh kefir grains natural. Atomic force microscopy data were studied, aiming to understand how the concentration of acai berry (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) influences the surface morphology as well as the texture complexity, evaluated by the fractal dimension. The results showed that the superficial morphology was affected by the increase of Acai concentration in the biofilms, as well as the fractal dimension. It has also been observed that the surface of the biofilm presented saturation when concentration changes from 40 to 60 ml. On the other hand, it was observed that the intermediate sample produced with 20 ml of acai berry seems to be the best point for biofilms production that can serve as a skin dressing since other studies related to mechanical properties and in vitro and in vivo tests can confirm this applicability. Thus, the characterization of the surface morphology of kefir biofilms by the evaluation of surface statistical parameters and fractal geometry may provide promising results regarding the applicability of these films.Research Highlights
We characterized the structural complexity of the 3‐D surface of the kefir biofilms associated with açaí extract.
The 3‐D surface analysis of the samples was performed using an atomic force microscope operating in contact mode.
We determined the stereometric and fractal dimension of the analyzed samples.
Evaluating coal char as an alternative to biochar for mitigating nutrient and carbon loss from manure‐amended soils: Insights from a greenhouse experiment
Authors: Cooper Jennifer A. , Drijber Rhae A. , Malakar Arindam , Jin Virginia L. , Miller Daniel N. , Kaiser Michael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnimal manure has been increasingly adopted as a more sustainable substitute for synthetic fertilizers but might result in increased dissolved organic C (DOC) and phosphate (PO43–) leaching and elevated greenhouse gas emissions from soil. Biochar may reduce nutrient loss from manure‐amended soils, but large‐scale application has been hindered, in part, by its high cost. Minimum cost alternatives, such as incomplete coal combustion residue (char), may provide a more viable option to farmers, but char needs to be analyzed in comparison to high‐temperature pine biochar before recommendations can be made. We valuated losses of soil C, N, and P, as well as plant yields and changes in microbial biomass, in two contrasting soils amended with dairy slurry or swine lagoon wastewater and with biochar or coal char over 105 d. Dissolved organic C leaching decreased with addition of biochar or char (0.6–27% or 1.6–36%), independent of soil texture and manure type. Leaching of PO43– was reduced by biochar (15–24%) and char (38–50%) in the silt loam. Soil N leaching increased after char application (likely due to our high application rate) but was unaffected by biochar. Char reduced CO2 emissions from the sandy loam by 9.7–54%, whereas both biochar and char increased CO2 emissions in the silt loam by 38–48% during plant root senescence. Depending on soil characteristics, char may outcompete biochar with respect to reduction of PO43– and DOC leaching. Unlike biochar, some char‐N is available, and this should be accounted for when considering application rates.
Bedspacing and clinical outcomes in general internal medicine: A retrospective, multicenter cohort study
Authors: Zannella Vanessa E. , Jung Hae Y. , Fralick Michael , Lapointe‐Shaw Lauren , Liu Jessica J. , Weinerman Adina , Kwan Janice , Tang Terence , Rawal Shail , MacMillan Thomas E. , Bai Anthony D. , Gill Sudeep , Shi Jiamin , Bell Chaim M. , Razak Fahad , Verma Amol A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdmitting hospitalized patients to off‐service wards (“bedspacing”) is common and may affect quality of care and patient outcomes.ObjectiveTo compare in‐hospital mortality, 30‐day readmission to general internal medicine (GIM), and hospital length‐of‐stay among GIM patients admitted to GIM wards or bedspaced to off‐service wards.Design, Participants, and MeasuresRetrospective cohort study including all emergency department admissions to GIM between 2015 and 2017 at six hospitals in Ontario, Canada. We compared patients admitted to GIM wards with those who were bedspaced, using multivariable regression models and propensity score matching to control for patient and situational factors.Key ResultsAmong 40,440 GIM admissions, 10,745 (26.6%) were bedspaced to non‐GIM wards and 29,695 (73.4%) were assigned to GIM wards. After multivariable adjustment, bedspacing was associated with no significant difference in mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86–1.05, p = .304), slightly shorter median hospital length‐of‐stay (−0.10 days, 95% CI:−0.20 to −0.001, p = .047) and lower 30‐day readmission to GIM (adjusted OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83–0.95, p = .001). Results were consistent when examining each hospital individually and outcomes did not significantly differ between medical or surgical off‐service wards. Sensitivity analyses focused on the highest risk patients did not exclude the possibility of harm associated with bedspacing, although adverse outcomes were not significantly greater.ConclusionsOverall, bedspacing was associated with no significant difference in mortality, slightly shorter hospital length‐of‐stay, and fewer 30‐day readmissions to GIM, although potential harms in high‐risk patients remain uncertain. Given that hospital capacity issues are likely to persist, future research should aim to understand how bedspacing can be achieved safely at all hospitals, perhaps by strengthening the selection of low‐risk patients.
The microcredit continuum: From ‘smart economics’ to holistic programming
Authors: Dulhunty Annabel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ability of microcredit programmes to empower women remains highly contested, with studies alternatively championing their worth or denouncing their ineffectiveness. This article examines why there are such differences of opinion as to the value of microcredit programming for women's empowerment. Through using a qualitative analysis of interviews and focus group discussions with self‐help group participants in West Bengal, this article shows that current microcredit programming varies widely. Results from this study show that there were different empowerment outcomes for women based on which approach to microcredit was implemented. Results further indicate that regardless of the model of programming employed, microcredit is no substitution for welfare or for the creation of employment. This article therefore concludes that microcredit programming exists along a continuum, from ‘smart economics’ approaches to more holistic gender focused programming approaches.
Remdesivir significantly reduces SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load on nasopharyngeal swabs in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Biancofiore Annalucia , Mirijello Antonio , Puteo Maria A. , Di Viesti Maria P. , Labonia Maria , Copetti Massimiliano , De Cosmo Salvatore , Lombardi Renato ,   CSS‐COVID‐19 Group
Published: January 2022

AbstractRemdesivir is a broad‐spectrum antiviral agent able to inhibit the RNA polymerase of SARS‐CoV‐2. At present, studies focusing on the effect of remdesivir on viral load (VL) are few and with contrasting results. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of remdesivir on SARS‐CoV‐2 VL from nasopharyngeal swabs (cycle threshold criterion) in a sample of patients treated with the drug, compared with patients who did not receive the antiviral treatment. This retrospective analysis evaluated patients with (1) real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) confirmed COVID‐19 diagnosis and (2) availability of at least two positive nasopharyngeal swabs analysed with the same analytic platform (ORF target gene, Ingenius ELITe, ELITechGroup, Puteaux, France). Upper respiratory specimens from nasopharyngeal swabs were collected at admission (T0) and 7–14 days after treatment, upon clinical decision. A total of 27 patients treated with remdesivir (Group A) met the inclusion criteria and were compared with 18 patients (Group B) treated with standard care, matched for baseline clinical characteristics. At baseline, both remdesivir‐treated and nontreated patients showed comparable VLs (21.73 ± 6.81 vs. 19.27 ± 5.24, p = 0.348). At the second swab, remdesivir‐treated patients showed a steeper VL reduction with respect to controls (34.28 ± 7.73 vs. 27.22 ± 3.92; p < 0.001). Longitudinal linear model estimated a mean decrease in cycle threshold equal to 0.61 (SE: 0.09) per day in remdesivir‐treated versus 0.33 (SE: 0.10) per day in remdesivir nontreated patients (p for heterogeneity = 0.045). The present study shows that the administration of remdesivir in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients significantly reduces the VL on nasopharyngeal swabs.
Realization of a reconfigurable Butterworth and Bessel filter using single operational transresistance amplifier and study of their performance
Authors: Banerjee Subhasish , Mondal Pulak , Ghosh Mourina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this article, a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) based realization of second order low‐pass (LP), high‐pass (HP), band‐pass (BP), band‐reject (BR), and all‐pass (AP) filter and their individual performance analysis: noise, temperature, and worst‐case analysis have been presented. The proposed circuit can be reconfigured as Butterworth and Bessel filter by changing the values of passive components. The presented filters are suitable for MOS‐C implementation, which facilitates tuning of cut‐off/center frequency and quality factor electronically. The proposed circuits are analyzed theoretically, simulated and experimentally verified in laboratory. All the simulations are performed with CMOS model of OTRA (180 nm) in SPICE and experimentally verified with AD844AN IC. The experimental and simulation results are matching closely. The result obtained from post‐layout simulation of the proposed Butterworth LP filter confirms the feasibility of the design. Finally working of the proposed all‐pass filter is established by the design of a buffer and quadrature oscillator.