bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Don’t listen to mom: no maternal influence on consistent nest and latrine site choice by their offspring in meadow voles
Authors: Rohrer Karl N. , Ferkin Michael H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Where does an animal build a nest? At a large scale, habitat preference can be informed by ‘natal habitat preference induction’, where an animal’s early environment impacts what habitat it finds suitable later in life. Other preferences may be present within a chosen habitat. We tracked the location angle of nests and latrines within the home cages of captive meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus. Nests and latrines were separated from each other by an angle of approximately 180°, perhaps to reduce disease transmission. Meadow voles’ nest and latrine site choices were individually consistent across time. Only nest site choices were consistent between siblings, as assessed by a random effect coefficient, and these choices were repeatable. However, nest site choices at maturity were independent of their mother’s nest choice. We posit that the nest and latrine site choice is a socially learned preference developed through the consensus of siblings after weaning.
Reconsidering the Special Rules of Mitigation of Damages for Breach of Contract for the Sale of Goods in UAE Law
Authors: Fayyad Mahmoud I. , Hayajneh Ahmad M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This research focuses on the regulatory framework of a creditor’s duty to mitigate damages in UAE law, and examines the extent to which this organization is consistent with the provisions of the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods. The absence of an explicit legislative provision imposing this duty in the national law does not preclude the possibility of implementing many general rules governing the theory of contract provided in the UAE federal law on civil transactions. It also concludes that the regulation of commercial sales contracts provided in the UAE federal law on commercial transactions is counterproductive in organizing this duty in contravention of the general rules of contract law and international perspective and in contrast to the provided goals of these special provisions (maintaining mutual trust between the contracting parties and the stability of commercial transactions). It suggests fundamental amendments to the federal law on commercial transactions.
Rising Election Costs, Dwindling Election Quality: Elections as the Predicament of Democracy in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic
Authors: Adebiyi Oluwashina Moruf , Raheem Toyin Kazeem 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Since Nigeria’s return to competitive multiparty democracy elections have been held regularly. However, the costs of conducting the elections have been increasing such that Nigeria’s elections have been described as the most expensive in Africa and one of the most expensive in the world. Despite their huge costs, the quality of elections continues to dwindle thus most of the elections have been regarded as flawed. This article examines the paradox of increasing elections cost and the dwindling quality of elections in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. It argues that the rising cost of elections borne out of the desire to conduct quality elections has impacted negatively on the country’s electoral processes. While elections cost keeps increasing, elections quality continues to ebb such that elections held since 1999 have lost their democratic essence. The article further contends that experiences of poorly conducted elections have eroded the trust of the people in the nation’s electoral process which is inimical to democratic sustenance. The article is qualitative and descriptive drawing data from annual reports of INEC, reports of local and international election observers and extant secondary literature.
The International Response to the Situation in Tigray: A Concerted Effort by Both the Humanitarian and Human Rights Communities
Authors: Jimenez-Damary Cecilia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This essay is based on detailed observations of the situation in Tigray following the 2019 visit to Ethiopia by the Emergency Relief Coordinator, the UN Special Rapporteur and the Assistant Secretary for Peacebuilding. Ever since the crisis in Tigray came to the attention of the international community, the humanitarian situation there was assessed through a human rights framework as well as the guidance provided by international humanitarian law. The response therefore incorporates a powerful dynamic between the humanitarian community and the human rights community, which worked together in a concerted effort to raise visibility to the situation and built on each other’s work.
The Responsibility to Protect from Terror: The Ethics of Foreign Counter-terrorist Interventions
Authors: Taylor Isaac 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The use of military force abroad is a significant part of some states’ counter-terrorist efforts. Can these operations be ethically justified? This paper considers whether the underlying principles that philosophers have put forward to justify humanitarian interventions (which may underlie the international norm of the responsibility to protect (R2P)) can also give support for foreign counter-terrorist interventions of this sort. While it finds that the limits to international action that are imposed by the need to respect state sovereignty do not rule out counter-terrorist interventions, it urges caution in supporting an international norm permitting them. Because such a norm would be open to manipulation and abuse, it may be preferable to discourage appealing to it in order to justify military counter-terrorism.
Foreign Fighters, Returnees and a Resurgent Taliban
Authors: Tucker Noah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This essay surveys the recent history of Central Asian mobilization to foreign conflicts and insurgencies and offers a discussion potential for a new wave of migration that the fall of the Afghan government and a victorious Taliban insurgency could present for the region. It argues that new developments have increased the importance of understanding the causes of conflict migration from Central Asia to both ensure successful re-integration of returnees and prevent a new wave of conflict migration. This contribution presents evidence that a one-dimensional focus on ideological or theological motivations for past waves of conflict migration is a poor explanatory mechanism for the broader conflict. A complex, localized, and multi-factor approach provides a much better explanatory model for mobilization to both local violence and foreign conflict.
China’s Impact on Democracy and Human Rights in Central Asia
Authors: Peyrouse Sebastien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article analyzes the impact of China’s policy on politics and human rights in Central Asia. First, it discusses how Beijing’s narrative has supported authoritarianism in the region. Second, it analyzes some of the tools of authoritarianism China has exported to support the political legitimacy of Central Asian authorities and their efforts to monitor their citizens. In conclusion, this article argues that although China has had a tangible impact on human rights in Central Asia, other elements also need to be taken into consideration to understand authoritarian tendencies in the region, including the influence of other foreign actors such as Russia as well as the goals of the Central Asian leaders themselves, who are not passive recipients of Chinese policy but rather have embarked on their own on road of authoritarianism since independence.
Scrumptious Functions
Authors: Oddie Graham 
Published: February 2022

The taste of this particular chunk of fresh pineapple, the one which I am just now eating, is scrumptious. That taste is something the chunk has in common with other such chunks, like the one I had a few seconds ago and the one I will have in a few seconds time. The taste of this pineapple chunk is thus a feature, a property, which this and various other chunks of pineapple share. Now, intuitively at least, no purely mathematical entity, like a function, is scrumptious. Hence a property, like the taste of this chunk of pineapple, cannot be any such function.
This kind of argument, if sound, would cut a wide swathe through the field of metaphysics. All those theories which attempt to reduce onto logically suspicious types of entities (properties, propositions, persons, medium- sized dry goods) to mathematical entities (like classes or functions) would fall to the blade. This could well help to reduce the impact of contemporary philosophy on the world's dwindling forests. I save contemporary metaphysics by explaining where the argument goes wrong.
Leiden University Resolutions Appendici Corpus (1575–1811)
Authors: van der Meulen Marten S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Appendici to the Leiden University Resolutions of Curators and Mayors form a rich collection of documents from different genres, including letters, statutes and testimonies. Spanning the period between the founding of Leiden University in 1575 until its temporary dissolution in 1811, these documents are well-suited for historical linguistic research of Dutch in general, and for those interested in the relationships between norm and language in particular, as the period covers a key period in the codification of Dutch (ca. 1550–1804). In this data paper, the author introduces and describes the Leiden University Resolutions Appendici Corpus (lurac), a single-domain (i.e., context of interaction), multi-genre diachronic corpus of 103,451 words, consisting of samples of the Appendici to the Leiden University Resolutions for ten time periods of 25 years between 1575 and 1811. Both raw data and metadata are available.
Populism in East Asian Democracies: Report on the International Lecture Series of the Institute of East Asian Studies, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany (Oct 2020–Feb 2021)
Authors: Klein Axel , Krumbein Frédéric , Mosler Hannes 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Diagnosing a gap in our knowledge on populist phenomena in East Asian democracies, especially the lack of attention paid to the region by comparative studies, the organisers of the online lecture series ‘Populism in East Asian Democracies’ (PinEAD) brought together small but substantial research on East Asia by inviting presentations by nine experts, three each on Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Their findings showed how different phenomena and actors analysed as populists in East Asian democracies are from those in Europe or the Americas. They also highlighted how heterogeneous the group of politicians referred to as ‘East Asian populists’ is. While, on an abstract level, most East Asian populists are similar, in that they appeal to voters discontented with the democratically elected ruling parties and executives and promise to govern in a way more favourable to ‘the people’, they do so in ways that differentiate them from the standard style of political campaigning and rhetoric in their respective country.
Mexico City, Montevideo, and São Paulo: Collective Action by Delivery Platform Workers in Three Different Scenarios
Authors: Márquez Clara , Escoto Ana , Gonsales Marco , Mariatti Alejandro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Latin American labor markets are remarked on for their structural heterogeneity, which, over the years, has been the result of a growing labor surplus. Thus, the digital labor platforms in delivery services that have emerged are breaking into a complex labor landscape, imposing new challenges. We intend to describe what forms the workers’ collective actions take and how these collective actions and their forms are linked with the labor institutions’ settings. We use three case studies with a comparative perspective of both national labor institutions and the history of collective action, particularly in the urban labor context. We collected secondary information from news media and academic bibliographies and primary information through interviews with collectives’ representatives. Our results show how the logic of digital platforms challenges collective action, and how the history of labor institutions might contribute to the rise of new forms of organization.
“Performing the Premodern in The Color of Pomegranates, Imagining and Communicating the Past”
Authors: Goshgarian Rachel , Tirnanić Galina , Trépanier Nicolas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This exchange between Galina Tirnanić, a Byzantine art historian, and Nicolas Trépanier, a social historian of medieval Anatolia, seeks to continue the conversation on the premodern world started by Sergei Parajanov’s Color of Pomegranates (1969). Here, we hope to re-imagine the film as a potential point of initiation for new approaches to reading, imagining, teaching, and writing about the medieval world, both within and beyond Armenian contexts.
Tropical Cyclone Seeds, Transition Probabilities, and Genesis
Authors: Emanuel Kerry 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It has been proposed that tropical cyclogenesis rates can be expressed as the product of the frequency of “seeds” and a transition probability that depends on the large-scale environment. Here it is demonstrated that the partitioning between seed frequency and transition probability depends on the seed definition and that the existence of such a partition does not resolve the long-standing issue of whether tropical cyclone frequency is controlled more by environmental conditions or by the statistics of background weather. It is here argued that tropical cyclone climatology is mostly controlled by regional environment and that the response of global tropical cyclone activity to globally uniform radiative forcing may be more controlled by the regionality of the response than by the mean response.
Avoidant and Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Outcomes for 16 Inpatient Cases to Target Oral Consumption Using a Medical and Behavioral Treatment Model
Authors: Lesser Aaron D. , Mathis Emily S. , Melicosta Michelle E. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Avoidant and restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is characterized by restrictions in oral intake and does not include concerns related to body image. Despite the evidence-based medical and behavioral treatments, there is limited research as they apply to ARFID, but the extant research supports hospital-based behavioral therapy. Individuals with ARFID may have comorbidities that can affect treatment, which requires multidisciplinary treatment to provide effective care. Supplementary sources of nutrition may be required for individuals with this diagnosis to ensure they maintain proper nutritional status (eg, enteral feeding). Methods A record review from 2015 to 2019 identified 16 participants admitted to an inpatient hospital. Of the sample, 75% of participants had a psychiatric diagnosis and 88% of participants experienced an acute event that preceded their feeding difficulties. Each participant received medical oversight, and instead of a standard treatment approach, behavioral treatment components were individualized based on each participants’ presentation. Results All participants met at least 80% of their admission treatment goals, and 92% of participants who completed their admission consumed 100% of their nutritional needs orally. Follow-up data indicate sustained progress for several months following discharge. Conclusion Our results suggest that a multidisciplinary, medical, and behavioral treatment model is effective for a variety of clinical presentations of ARFID. More research is needed on triggering events that precede restricted food and liquid intake. In addition, the extent to which these treatment components are preferred should be assessed in an effort to maintain treatment gains after discharge.
Interview with a Psychologist: Representing Marginalized Psychologists and Diversity Science in Psychology Coursework
Authors: Fish Jillian 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Since the 1990’s, psychology has demonstrated a strong commitment to the full spectrum of human diversity (Vera & Speight, 2003). Statement of the Problem However, psychologists from underrepresented backgrounds and diversity science (DS) remain marginalized in psychology (Syed & Kathawalla, 2020), which affects the ease with which instructors can integrate diversity into psychology curricula and student learning. Literature Review Accordingly, this paper provides instructors with a potential solution for increasing the representation of marginalized psychologists (MP) and DS in psychology courses through the Interview with a Psychologist project. This project was informed by the interdisciplinary psychological literature highlighting the importance of representing marginalized communities and their experiences in the classroom. Teaching Implications The Interview with a Psychologist project is adaptable across academic settings. When implementing the project, instructors should be mindful of the minority tax on psychologists, avoid tokenism, and self-educate on diversity-related issues. Conclusions As psychology departments pursue institutional efforts to diversify the field of psychology, the Interview with a Psychologist project ensures MP and DS are well-represented in psychology courses.
Classifying Heart Failure Caregivers as Adequately or Inadequately Resourced to Care: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Graven Lucinda J. , Abbott Laurie , Boel-Studt Shamra , Grant Joan S. , Buck Harleah G. 
Published: February 2022

Objectives To identify classes of heart failure (HF) caregivers based upon indicators of coping resources and stress, and then, to examine the relationships between the identified caregiver classes and depression, caregiver burden, and life changes. Methods Cross-sectional data from 530 HF caregivers were analyzed in this secondary analysis using a three-step latent class mixture model to classify caregivers based on level of resources and examine the relationship between the identified classes and depression, caregiver burden, and life changes. Using an online survey, caregivers reported on social support, problem-solving, family function, depression, caregiver burden, and life changes. Results Caregivers were 41.39 (± 10.38) years of age, 49.1% women, 78.3% white, 77.6% urban-dwelling, and 61.7% college/postgraduate educated. Three classes of caregivers (42.3% Adequately Resourced, 25.1% At Risk for Decompensation, 32.6% Inadequately Resourced) were identified. Inadequately Resourced caregivers had the lowest levels of social support, problem-solving, and family function and the highest levels of depression and caregiver burden. Caregivers At Risk for Decompensation had the best family function and reported the most positive perceptions of life changes despite low levels of social support and problem-solving. Conclusion Social support, problem-solving, and family function are modifiable coping resources which may buffer stress and influence stress indicators. Caregivers with few coping resources may experience higher degrees of depression and burden, and less positive perceptions of life changes. More research is needed to examine the influence of these coping resources on caregiver adaptation to facilitate the development of targeted interventions which support caregiver mental health.
Bi-layered nanofibrous membrane with osteogenic and antibacterial functions for periodontal tissue regeneration
Authors: Zhong Meiling , Lin Jixia , Yang Yudie , Liu Mingzhuo , Guo Guanghua , Ji Dehui , Zhang Richao , Zhang Jiali 
Published: February 2022

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membranes have great potential to promote periodontal tissue regeneration and reestablishment. However, the regeneration potential and microbial infection resistance of current GTR membranes still need to be improved. Here, a bi-layered nanofibrous membrane on the basis of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/gelatin with osteogenic and antibacterial functions was fabricated for periodontal tissue regeneration. The antimicrobial layer (AL) of the bi-layered nanofibrous membrane was composed of nanofibrous PLGA/gelatin nanofibers loaded with nano-silver (nAg), while the osteoconductive layer (OL) of the nanofibrous membrane consisted of PLGA/gelatin nanofibers loaded with nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA). The bi-layered nanofibrous membrane was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The results showed that nHA and nAg particles were well evenly loaded or embedded in PLGA/gelatin nanofibers. The cell culture experiments suggested that the bi-layered nanofibrous membrane possessed good cytocompatibility and the OL of the bi-layered nanofibrous membrane possessed an enhanced osteogenic capacity for human osteoblast-like cells (MG63), which was verified by the good cell viability and the increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, respectively. The results of in vitro antimicrobial study displayed that the AL of the bi-layered nanofibrous membrane possessed an effective antibacterial capability. In conclusion, the prepared bi-layered nanofibrous membrane with osteogenic and antibacterial functions may have great potential for periodontal tissue regeneration and reestablishment. [Formula: see text]
Pediatric Cutaneous Hematologic Disorders: Cutaneous Lymphoma and Leukemia Cutis—Experience of a Tertiary-Care Pediatric Institution and Review of the Literature
Authors: Colmant Caroline , Demers Marc-André , Hatami Afshin , Coulombe Jerome , McCuaig Catherine Cameron , Piram Maryam , Marcoux Danielle , Kokta Victor , Powell Julie 
Published: February 2022

Background Cutaneous hematologic malignancies are rare in children, and the literature about them is still sparse. Objective The purpose of our study was to report our experience with pediatric cases of cutaneous hematologic disorders and describe their clinical and histological features. Methods Data were retrospectively collected from the histopathologic database of the CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada. All patients up to 18 years of age with a diagnosis of a primary cutaneous lymphoma (including lymphomatoid papulosis), secondary cutaneous lymphoma or cutaneous manifestations of leukemia, followed from 1980 to 2019 at our center were reviewed. Results Thirty-six patients were included. Age at presentation ranged from birth to 18 years of age (mean 7.83 ± 5.16; median 7.0). Ten different hematologic disorders were identified according to the WHO-EORTC classifications: lymphomatoid papulosis (10 cases), mycosis fungoides (6 cases), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (4 cases), pre-B acute lymphoid leukemia (5 cases), primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (4 cases), primary cutaneous CD4+medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (1 case), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (1 case), hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder (1 case), B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (1 case) and acute myeloid leukemia (3 cases). Conclusion The most common subtype of cutaneous hematologic disease in our single institution study was lymphomatoid papulosis (type A and type C), followed by mycosis fungoides. Recognition of this large clinical and histological spectrum by dermatologists is important because diagnosis is often established by biopsy of skin lesions, even in secondary cutaneous cases. Moreover, the clinicopathological correlation is of utmost importance for the final diagnosis of those pathologies.