bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Life History on the Response to Parasitism: Differential Response to Non-Lethal Sea Lamprey Parasitism by Two Lake Charr Ecomorphs
Authors: Firkus Tyler J , Goetz Frederick W , Fischer Gregory , Murphy Cheryl A 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe energetic demands of stressors like parasitism require hosts to reallocate energy away from normal physiological processes to survive. Life history theory provides predictions about how hosts will reallocate energy following parasitism, but few studies provide empirical evidence to test these predictions. We examined the sub-lethal effects of sea lamprey parasitism on lean and siscowet lake charr, two ecomorphs with different life history strategies. Leans are shorter lived, faster growing, and reach reproductive maturity earlier than siscowets. Following a parasitism event of 4 days, we assessed changes to energy allocation by monitoring endpoints related to reproduction, energy storage, and growth. Results indicate that lean and siscowet lake charr differ considerably in their response to parasitism. Severely parasitized leans slightly increased their reproductive effort and maintained growth and energy storage, consistent with expectations based on life history that leans are less likely to survive parasitism and have shorter lifespans than siscowets making investing in immediate reproduction more adaptive. Siscowets nearly ceased reproduction following severe parasitism and showed evidence of altered energy storage, consistent with a strategy that favors maximizing long-term reproductive success. These findings suggest that life history can be used to generalize stressor response between populations and can aid management efforts.
Coping With Urban Habitats Via Glucocorticoid Regulation: Physiology, Behavior, and Life History in Stream Fishes
Authors: Kolonin Arseniy M , Bókony Veronika , Bonner Timothy H , Zúñiga-Vega J Jaime , Aspbury Andrea S , Guzman Alex , Molina Roberto , Calvillo Pilo , Gabor Caitlin R 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
As environments become urbanized, tolerant species become more prevalent. The physiological, behavioral and life-history mechanisms associated with the success of such species in urbanized habitats are not well understood, especially in freshwater ecosystems. Here, we examined the glucocorticoid (GC) profiles, life-history traits, and behavior of two species of fish across a gradient of urbanization to understand coping capacity and associated trade-offs. We studied the tolerant live-bearing Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) for two years and the slightly less tolerant, egg-laying, Blacktail Shiner (Cyprinella venusta) for one year. We used a water-borne hormone method to examine baseline, stress-induced, and recovery cortisol release rates across six streams with differing degrees of urbanization. We also measured life-history traits related to reproduction, and for G. affinis, we measured shoaling behavior and individual activity in a novel arena. Both species showed a trend for reduced stress responsiveness in more urbanized streams, accompanied by higher reproductive output. Although not all populations fit this trend, these results suggest that GC suppression may be adaptive for coping with urban habitats. In G. affinis, GC recovery increased with urbanization, and individuals with the lowest stress response and highest recovery had the greatest reproductive allotment, suggesting that rapid return to baseline GC levels is also an important coping mechanism. In G. affinis, urban populations showed altered life-history trade-offs whereas behavioral traits did not vary systematically with urbanization. Thus, these tolerant species of fish may cope with anthropogenically modified streams by altering their GC profiles and life-history trade-offs. These results contribute to understanding the mechanisms driving species-specific adaptations and thereby community structure in freshwater systems associated with land-use converted areas.
Effects of Sodium Benzoate, a D-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitor, on Perceived Stress and Cognitive Function Among Patients With Late-Life Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sertraline- and Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Lin Chieh-Hsin , Wang Shi-Heng , Lane Hsien-Yuan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Compared with adults with depression in the general population, elderly depressive patients are prone to poor treatment response, more side effects, and early withdrawal with current antidepressants (which principally modulate monoamines). Whether N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor enhancement can benefit treatment of late-life depression deserves study. This study aims to compare sodium benzoate (a D-amino acid oxidase inhibitor and an indirect N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor enhancer), sertraline (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), and placebo in the treatment of late-life depression.

Methods
In this randomized, double-blind trial, 117 patients with major depressive disorder aged 55 years or older received 8-week treatment of 250–1500 mg/d of sodium benzoate, 25–150 mg/d of sertraline, or placebo in 2 medical centers. The primary outcome measures were Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Perceived Stress Scale scores.

Results
Three treatments similarly decreased clinicians-rated Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores. Compared with placebo, sodium benzoate but not sertraline substantially improved Perceived Stress Scale scores and cognitive function. Sertraline, but not benzoate, significantly reduced self-report Geriatric Depression Scale scores. Benzoate and placebo showed similar safety profiles, while sertraline was more likely to raise low-density lipoprotein than benzoate and placebo. Benzoate-treated patients were less likely to drop out than sertraline or placebo recipients.

Conclusions
Sertraline can reduce subjective depressive symptoms, while benzoate can decrease perceived stress, improve cognitive function, and enhance treatment adherence in late-life depression patients. The results show promise for D-amino acid oxidase inhibition as a novel approach for perceived stress and cognitive decline among patients with late-life depression.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03414931. Registered January 2016.
Intrauterine Fetal Demise in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Associated With Mild Infection With the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Without Protection From Vaccination
Authors: Guan Minhui , Johannesen Eric , Tang Cynthia Y , Hsu Albert L , Barnes Courtney L , Burnam Megan , McElroy Jane A , Wan Xiu-Feng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a higher infection rate in pregnant women than age-matched adults. With increased infectivity and transmissibility, the Delta variant is predominant worldwide.

Methods
In this study, we describe intrauterine fetal demise in unvaccinated women with mild symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant infection.

Results
Histology and elevated proinflammatory responses of the placenta suggest that fetal demise was associated with placental malperfusion due to Delta variant infection.

Conclusions
This study suggests that the Delta variant can cause severe morbidity and mortality to fetuses. Vaccination should continue to be advocated and will likely continue to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection risks for pregnant women and their fetuses.
Pulmonary arterial pressure in fattened Angus steers at moderate altitude influences early postmortem mitochondria functionality and meat color during retail display
Authors: Zhai Chaoyu , Li Puma Lance C , Chicco Adam J , Omar Asma , Delmore Robert J , Geornaras Ifigenia , Speidel Scott E , Holt Tim N , Thomas Milton G , Mark Enns R , Nair Mahesh N 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPulmonary hypertension is a noninfectious disease of cattle at altitudes &gt; 1524 m (5,000 ft). Mean pulmonary arterial pressures (PAP) are used as an indicator for pulmonary hypertension in cattle. High PAP cattle (≥50 mmHg) entering the feedlot at moderate elevations have lower feed efficiency as compared to low PAP cattle (&lt; 50 mmHg). The impact of pulmonary arterial pressure on mitochondrial function, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) protein abundance, and meat color was examined using longissimus lumborum (LL) from high (98 ± 13 mmHg; n = 5) and low (41 ± 3 mmHg; n = 6) PAP fattened Angus steers (live weight of 588 ± 38 kg) during early postmortem period (2 and 48 h) and retail display (days 1 to 9), respectively. High PAP muscle had greater (P = 0.013) OXPHOS-linked respiration and proton leak-associated respiration than low PAP muscles at 2 h postmortem but rapidly declined to be similar (P = 0.145) to low PAP muscle by 48 h postmortem. OXPHOS protein expression was higher (P = 0.045) in low PAP than high PAP muscle. During retail display, redness, chroma, hue, ratio of reflectance at 630 and 580 nm, and metmyoglobin reducing activity decreased faster (P &lt; 0.05) in high PAP steaks than low PAP. Lipid oxidation significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05) in high PAP steaks but not (P &gt; 0.05) in low PAP. The results indicated that high PAP caused a lower OXPHOS efficiency and greater fuel oxidation rates under conditions of low ATP demand in premortem beef LL muscle; this could explain the lower feed efficiency in high PAP feedlot cattle compared to low PAP counterparts. Mitochondrial integral function (membrane integrity or/and protein function) declined faster in high PAP than low PAP muscle at early postmortem. LL steaks from high PAP animals had lower color stability than those from the low PAP animals during simulated retail display, which could be partially attributed to the loss of muscle mitochondrial function at early postmortem by ROS damage in high PAP muscle.
Circ_0000190 sponges miR-382-5p to suppress cell proliferation and motility and promote cell death by targeting ZNRF3 in gastric cancer
Authors: Jiang Man , Mo Rui , Liu Chang , Wu Haijian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study was to explore the role of circRNA_0000190 (circ_0000190) in gastric cancer (GC) progression. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assay were applied to measure RNA and protein expression. 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay were implemented to analyze cell proliferation ability. Transwell assays were conducted to analyze cell motility. Cell ferroptosis was assessed using commercial kit. The target relationship between microRNA-382-5p (miR-382-5p) and circ_0000190 or zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3) was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Murine xenograft model was used to analyze the function of circ_0000190 in GC progression in vivo. Circ_0000190 was down-regulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Low expression of circ_0000190 predicted dismal prognosis in GC patients. Circ_0000190 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted Erastin- or ras selective lethal 3 (RSL3)-mediated ferroptosis in GC cells. MiR-382-5p was a target of circ_0000190, and circ_0000190 suppressed GC progression partly via serving as miR-382-5p sponge. ZNRF3 was a target of miR-382-5p, and miR-382-5p accelerated the proliferation, motility and restrained the ferroptosis of GC cells partly via regulating ZNRF3. Circ_0000190 overexpression restrained xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, Circ_0000190 suppressed GC progression via miR-382-5p-dependent regulation of ZNRF3.
Case series of mesh migration after rectopexy surgery for rectal prolapse
Authors: Marghich Omar , Benichou Benjamin , Amouzou Efoé-Ga Yawod Olivier , Maubert Alexandre , Etienne Jean Hubert , Benizri Emmanuel , Rahili Mohamed Amine 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mesh rectopexy for rectal prolapse can cause some serious mesh-related complications. Mesh migration into close viscera following rectopexy is rare. We report three cases of mesh migration after mesh rectopexy treated in our unit. The first patient presented with purulent discharge from the buttock 15 years after the rectopexy, the second patient presented with abdominal pain and pneumaturia also 15 years after the rectopexy and the third patient presented 22 years after the rectopexy with vaginal discharge. Diagnosis was made by physical examination, computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging, cystoscopy or rectoscopy. The three patients underwent total removal of the meshes without any complications.
Risk Factors Associated With Various Severities of Suicidal and Non-Suicidal Self-Harm Among Israel Defense Forces Soldiers—A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Shakarchy Nizan , Tatsa-Laur Lucian , Kedem Ron , Ben Yehuda Ariel , Shelef Leah 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveSevere suicide attempt is a major risk factor for completed suicide. The aim of the present study was to focus on suicide behavior and timing to gain better understanding of these populations.MethodThe nested case–control retrospective study based on medical records of 246,866 soldiers, who demonstrated suicide attempts of varying severity, including death by suicide were compared with soldiers who did not demonstrate such behavior.ResultsRisk for death by suicide was associated with males, military seniority of less than 12 months. High frequency of visits with mental health care professionals was associated with being severe suicide attempters (SAs). Moderate suicide attempts were associated with being a male, visiting a primary care physician frequently, and belonging to one of the two latest immigrant groups in Israel (Ethiopians and former Soviet Union). Mild suicide attempts were associated with having a psychiatric diagnosis on the enlistment day, visiting a mental health care professional at high or average frequency, visiting a primary care physician at high or average frequency, being a male, and being born in the former Soviet Union. While the proportion of males demonstrating suicidal behavior was higher than the females’, severe SAs were higher among females. There was a clear tendency of female suicide attempters at all levels to act toward the end of their military service.ConclusionsAlthough half of the SAs were females, their characteristics may be similar to those of the male SAs, contrary to the sex differences in suicide behavior among civilians.
Discordance in Tumor Mutation Burden from Blood and Tissue Affects Association with Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Real-World Settings
Authors: Sturgill Emma G , Misch Amanda , Jones Carissa C , Luckett Daniel , Fu Xiaotong , Schlauch Dan , Jones Suzanne F , Burris Howard A , Spigel David R , McKenzie Andrew J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Tumor mutation burden (TMB), a biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) response, is reported by both blood- and tissue-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) vendors. However, the agreement between TMB from blood (bTMB) and tissue (tTMB) in real-world settings, both in absolute value and association with CPI response, is not known.

Materials and Methods
This study utilizes Sarah Cannon’s precision medicine platform, Genospace, to harmonize clinico-genomic data from 17 206 patients with cancer with NGS results from September 2015 to August 2021. A subset of patients have both bTMB and tTMB results. Statistical analyses are performed in R and include (1) correlation (r) and concordance (ρ) between patient-matched bTMB-tTMB pairs, (2) distribution of total bTMB and tTMB values, and (3) association of bTMB and tTMB with time to CPI therapy failure.

Results
In 410 patient-matched bTMB-tTMB pairs, the median bTMB (m = 10.5 mut/Mb) was significantly higher than the median tTMB (m = 6.0 mut/Mb, P &lt; .001) leading to conflicting “high” and “low” statuses in over one-third of cases at a threshold of 10 mut/Mb (n = 410). Significant differences were observed in the distribution of bTMB values from blood-NGS vendors, with guardant health (GH) reporting higher (m = 10.5 mut/Mb, n = 2183) than Foundation Medicine (FMI, m = 3.8 mut/Mb, n = 462, P &lt; .001). bTMB from GH required a higher threshold (≥40 mut/Mb) than bTMB from FMI (≥12 mut/Mb) in order to be associated with CPI response.

Conclusions
This study uncovers variability in bTMB reporting among commercial NGS platforms, thereby evidencing a need for assay-specific thresholds in identifying patients who may respond to CPI therapy.
PlantNexus: A Gene Co-expression Network Database and Visualization Tool for Barley and Sorghum
Authors: Zhou Yadi , Sukul Abhijit , Mishler-Elmore John W , Faik Ahmed , Held Michael A 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGlobal gene co-expression networks (GCNs) are powerful tools for functional genomics whereby putative functions and regulatory mechanisms can be inferred by gene co-expression. Cereal crops, such as Hordeum vulgare (barley) and Sorghum bicolor (sorghum), are among the most important plants to civilization. However, co-expression network tools for these plants are lacking. Here, we have constructed global GCNs for barley and sorghum using existing RNA-seq data sets. Meta-information was manually curated and categorized by tissue type to also build tissue-specific GCNs. To enable GCN searching and visualization, we implemented a website and database named PlantNexus. PlantNexus is freely available at https://plantnexus.ohio.edu/.
Molecular tug-of-war: Plant immune recognition of herbivory
Authors: Snoeck Simon , Guayazán-Palacios Natalia , Steinbrenner Adam D 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Plant defense responses against insect herbivores are induced through wound-induced signaling and the specific perception of herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs). In addition, herbivores can deliver effectors that suppress plant immunity. Here we review plant immune recognition of HAMPs and effectors, and argue that these initial molecular interactions upon a plant–herbivore encounter mediate and structure effective resistance. While the number of distinct HAMPs and effectors from both chewing and piercing–sucking herbivores has expanded rapidly with omics-enabled approaches, paired receptors and targets in the host are still not well characterized. Herbivore-derived effectors may also be recognized as HAMPs depending on the host plant species, potentially through the evolution of novel immune receptor functions. We compile examples of HAMPs and effectors where natural variation between species may inform evolutionary patterns and mechanisms of plant–herbivore interactions. Finally, we discuss the combined effects of wounding and HAMP recognition, and review potential signaling hubs, which may integrate both sensing functions. Understanding the precise mechanisms for plant sensing of herbivores will be critical for engineering resistance in agriculture.
GentianFLOWERING LOCUS Torthologs regulate phase transitions: floral induction and endodormancy release
Authors: Takahashi Hideyuki , Nishihara Masahiro , Yoshida Chiharu , Itoh Kimiko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPerennial plants undergo a dormant period in addition to the growth and flowering phases that are commonly observed in annuals and perennials. Consequently, the regulation of these phase transitions in perennials is believed to be complicated. Previous studies have proposed that orthologs of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) regulate not only floral initiation but also dormancy. We, therefore, investigated the involvement of FT orthologs (GtFT1 and GtFT2) during the phase transitions of the herbaceous perennial gentian (Gentiana triflora). Analysis of seasonal fluctuations in the expression of these genes revealed that GtFT1 expression increased prior to budbreak and flowering, whereas GtFT2 expression was induced by chilling temperatures with the highest expression occurring when endodormancy was released. The expression of FT-related transcription factors, reportedly involved in flowering, also fluctuated during each phase transition. These results suggested the involvement of GtFT1 in budbreak and floral induction and GtFT2 in dormancy regulation, implying that the two gentian FT orthologs activated a different set of transcription factors. Gentian ft2 mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing had a lower frequency of budbreak and budbreak delay in overwintering buds caused by an incomplete endodormancy release. Our results highlighted that the gentian orthologs of FRUITFULL (GtFUL) and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE-like 1 (GtSVP-L1) act downstream of GtFT2, probably to prevent untimely budbreak during ecodormancy. These results suggest that each gentian FT ortholog regulates a different phase transition by having variable responses to endogenous or environmental cues, leading to their ability to induce the expression of distinct downstream genes.
The mean-square radius of the neutron distribution in the relativistic and non-relativistic mean-field models
Authors: Kurasawa Haruki , Suzuki Toshio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
It is investigated why the root-mean-square radius of the point neutron distribution is smaller by about 0.1 fm in non-relativistic mean-field models than in relativistic ones. The difference is shown to stem from the different values of the product of the effective mass and the strength of the one-body potential in the two frameworks. The values of those quantities are constrained by the Hugenholtz–Van Hove theorem. The neutron skin is not a simple function of the symmetry potential, but depends on the nucleon effective mass.
Applying Benford’s law to COVID-19 data: the case of the European Union
Authors: Kolias Pavlos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have used Benford’s distribution to assess the accuracy of COVID-19 data. Data inaccuracies provide false information to the media, undermine global response and hinder the preventive measures taken by authorities.

Methods
Daily new cases and deaths from all the countries of the European Union were analyzed and the conformance to Benford’s distribution was estimated. Two statistical tests and two measures of deviation were calculated to determine whether the reported statistics comply with the expected distribution. Four country-level developmental indexes were included, the GDP per capita, health expenditures, the Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Index and the full vaccination rate. Regression analysis was implemented to examine whether the deviation from Benford’s distribution is affected by the aforementioned indexes.

Results
The findings indicate that Bulgaria, Croatia, Lithuania and Romania were in line with Benford’s distribution. Regarding daily cases, Denmark, Ireland and Greece, showed the greatest deviation from Benford’s distribution. Furthermore, it was found that the vaccination rate is positively associated with deviation from Benford’s distribution.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that overall, official data provided by authorities are not confirming Benford’s law, yet this approach acts as a preliminary tool for data verification. More extensive studies should be made with a more thorough investigation of countries that showed the greatest deviation.
How Do Options Add Value? Evidence from the Convertible Bond Market
Authors: Lee Inmoo , Renjie Rex Wang , Verwijmeren Patrick 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper studies the value relevance of the options market by focusing on convertible bond pricing. Pricing convertible bonds requires essentially the same set of information necessary to price options. Using a regression discontinuity design based on minimum stock price requirements for option listings, we find that the availability of stock options helps issuers attract more convertible bond buyers and reduces convertible issuers’ cost of financing. Our results highlight that the availability of individual stock options can add value to security issuers.