bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Watchstrap integrated wideband circularly polarized antenna design for smartwatch applications
Authors: Rabhi Rania , Gahgouh Salem , Gharsallah Ali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA circularly polarized antenna suitable for integration into the framework of smartwatches is reported in this manuscript. The proposed antenna operates in the industrial, scientific and medical band of 5.8 GHz with a footprint of about 45 × 15 × 1.6 mm3 (0.8 λ × 0.2 λ × 0.03 λ) and is excited by a coplanar waveguide line loaded with an L‐shaped radiator patch. The antenna prototype was studied in free space and then adapted to on‐body scenarios using computer hand models. The performance of the antenna was validated in measurement in a realistic human hand, and the antenna achieves satisfactory on‐body performance; measured and simulated results are in good agreement. Furthermore, for health risk concerns related to exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis for the smartwatch on wrist‐worn has also been presented which is far below the normal SAR criteria according to IEEE C95.1 guidelines. The simple structure of the proposed antenna and its high performance make it an ideal candidate for smartwatch applications in health care monitoring purpose.
Ocean signatures in the total flux and polarization spectra of Earth-like exoplanets
Authors: Trees V. J. H. , Stam D. M. 
Published: June 2022

Context.Numerical simulations of starlight that is reflected by Earth-like exoplanets predict habitability signatures that can be searched for with future telescopes.Aims.We explore signatures of water oceans in the flux and polarization spectra of this reflected light.Methods.With an adding-doubling algorithm, we computed the total fluxF, polarized fluxQ, and degree of polarizationPsof starlight reflected by dry and ocean model planets with Earth-like atmospheres and patchy clouds. The oceans consist of Fresnel reflecting surfaces with wind-ruffled waves, foam, and wave shadows, above natural blue seawater. Our results are presented as functions of wavelength (from 300 to 2500 nm with 1 nm resolution) and as functions of the planetary phase angle from 90° to 170°.Results.The ocean glint increasesF, |Q|, andPswith increasing phase angle at nonabsorbing wavelengths, and causes the spectra ofFand |Q| for the various phase angles to intersect. In the near-infrared,Qis negative, that is, the direction of polarization is perpendicular to the plane through the star, planet, and observer. In thePsspectra, the glint leaves dips (instead of peaks) in gaseous absorption bands. All those signatures are missing in the spectra of dry planets.Conclusions.The dips inPsand the negativeQin the near-infrared can be searched for at a phase angle of 90°, where the planet-star separation is largest. Those ocean signatures in polarized light do not suffer from false positive glint signals that could be due to clouds or reflecting dry surfaces. For heavily cloudy planets, ocean detection is possible when the glint is (partially) cloud-free. When modeling signals of planets with oceans, using horizontally inhomogeneous cloud covers is thus crucial. Observations spread over time would increase the probability of catching a cloud-free glint and detecting an ocean.
KARLOTTA (Kids + Adolescents Research Learning On Tablet Teaching Aachen) – randomisierte kontrollierte Pilotstudie zur Anwendung eines digitalen Lernspiels für pädiatrische Patienten mit chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen
Authors: Menze Lukas , Wenzl Tobias G. , Pappa Angeliki 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziele Verbesserung von krankheitsspezifischem Wissen bei pädiatrischen Patienten mit chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen (CED) mittels digitaler App und individualisiertem Teaching von Arzt zu Patient.
Methoden Wir entwickelten die KARLOTTA-App (Kids + Adolescents Research Learning On Tablet Teaching Aachen) für Android-Software mit Geschicklichkeitsspiel und CED-Fragenkatalog mit visuellem Feedback und High-Scores. Randomisierte kontrollierte Studie als Pilotprojekt mit 30 CED-Patienten, 10–18 Jahre. Die Interventionsgruppe nutzte die KARLOTTA-App auf einem Tablet bei jedem Sprechstundenbesuch im Zeitraum von 12 Monaten. Outcome-Parameter waren Wissenszuwachs, Veränderungen in der Lebensqualität und Analyse der Feedbackbögen für Patient und Arzt. Die statistische Analyse erfolgte mit X2
-Test, Mann-Whitney-U-Test und deskriptiv.
Ergebnisse KARLOTTA wurde 55 Mal gespielt durch 14 Patienten. Bei allen Patienten (100%) konnten Wissenslücken aufgedeckt werden und es fand spezifisches Teaching statt. In der KARLOTTA-Gruppe hatten 11 von 14 Patienten (79%) einen Wissenszuwachs, in der Kontrollgruppe 7 von 15 Patienten (47%), p-Wert von 0,08 mit X2
-Test. Es zeigten sich keine Unterschiede in der Lebensqualität. In 87% der Termine konnte die App ohne Probleme genutzt werden.
Schlussfolgerungen Die KARLOTTA-App deckt individuelle Wissenslücken auf, sorgt für maßgeschneidertes Arzt-Patienten-Teaching und lässt sich gut in den Sprechstundenalltag implementieren.
Sexuelle Lust bei Mädchen: Perspektiven einer Schülerin und einer Studentin
Authors: Gadea Harder Elena , Gadea Harder Nuria 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungWie ist es um die sexuelle Lust bestellt bei den heutigen jugendlichen Mädchen und jungen Frauen? Eine Schülerin und eine Studentin teilen ihre Beobachtungen und Einschätzungen zu einer Generation, die zwischen „Jungenfrauen-Shaming“ und „Slut-Shaming“ navigiert und sich im Zweifelsfall lieber an die US-amerikanische „Drei-Dates-Regel“ hält.
Primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma – a case report of diagnosis, treatment, histological findings and follow-up
Authors: Schonhart Luisa , Kaiser René , Schmidt Roland , Sailer Adrian , Steinestel Konrad , Schneider-Kappus Wolfgang , Beltzer Christian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrimary squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) of the stomach is a rare oncologic disease with a reported incidence of only 0.04%. Therefore, there are no evidence-based recommendations for treatment. We present the case of a 73-year-old patient with PSSC. Multivisceral resection had to be performed to achieve tumor-free resection margins. Preoperative investigations, surgical treatment, histologic criteria and findings, and follow-up are presented.
Manuelle Medizin bei Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Krankheiten
Authors: Emmerich Jan 
Published: June 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGFunktionsstörungen des Bewegungssystems wie Gelenkblockierungen, Muskelverspannungen und myofasziale Dysbalancen treten auch bei Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen auf. Die Ursachen sind vielfältig und können in der Entzündung selbst, deren strukturellen Folgen oder unabhängig davon liegen. Entsprechend ist die Entscheidung zu einer manualmedizinischen Behandlung einerseits davon abhängig, ob die entzündliche Krankheitsaktivität die Behandlung zulässt und andererseits davon, ob Strukturveränderungen bestimmten Behandlungstechniken entgegenstehen.
Der Gender Orgasm Gap. Ein kritischer Forschungsüberblick zu Geschlechterdifferenzen in der Orgasmus-Häufigkeit beim Heterosex
Authors: Döring Nicola , Mohseni M. Rohangis 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungEinleitung Seit den 1960er-Jahren wird in Wissenschaft, Frauenbewegung und breiter Öffentlichkeit darüber diskutiert, dass und warum Frauen beim Heterosex seltener Orgasmen erleben als Männer und ob und wie man diesen Gender Orgasm Gap schließen kann. Im Rahmen eines bio-psycho-sozialen Verständnisses von Sexualität werden Gender Orgasm Gaps theoretisch sehr unterschiedlich erklärt.Forschungsziele Ziel des vorliegenden Forschungsüberblicks ist es, die bisherigen empirischen Befunde zur Größe des Gender Orgasm Gap zu berichten sowie die vorgeschlagenen Praxismaßnahmen zu seiner Überwindung zu präsentieren und kritisch zu diskutieren.Methoden Im Zuge einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurden n = 20 empirische Publikationen zum Gender Orgasm Gap und zusätzlich n = 16 wissenschaftliche Originalarbeiten zu seinem Abbau identifiziert und kodiert (1982–2021).Ergebnisse Die eingeschlossenen Umfragen basieren auf Angaben von N = 49 940 Frauen und N = 48 329 Männern und zeigen, dass typischerweise 30 % bis 60 % der befragten Frauen berichten, beim Heterosex zum Orgasmus zu kommen, im Unterschied zu 70 % bis 100 % der Männer. Je nach Rahmenbedingungen des Heterosex schwankt die Größe des Gender Orgasm Gap zwischen –20 % und –72 % zuungunsten der Frauen. Die vorliegenden zehn bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Umfragen ergeben einen gewichteten mittleren Gender Orgasm Gap von –30 % [95 %iges Konfidenzintervall: –31 %; –30 %]. Die in der bisherigen Fachliteratur vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen zum Schließen dieser Orgasmus-Lücke beziehen sich auf personale Faktoren, Beziehungsfaktoren, sexuelle Interaktionsfaktoren und gesellschaftliche Faktoren: Frauen wird empfohlen, den eigenen Orgasmus bewusster anzustreben und in der Beziehung offener über sexuelle Wünsche zu sprechen. Zudem wird Frauen und Männern geraten, mehr direkte klitorale Stimulation in den Heterosex zu integrieren und Orgasmen von Frauen gesellschaftlich zu demarginalisieren.Schlussfolgerung Aus dem bisherigen Forschungsstand leitet sich die Notwendigkeit ab, Fragen rund um den Gender Orgasm Gap weiterhin in Wissenschaft und Praxis zu bearbeiten. Angesichts der begrenzten Erfolge der letzten Dekaden scheint es jedoch auch geboten, die bisher verfolgten Ansätze im „Kampf um Orgasmus-Gerechtigkeit“ kritisch zu hinterfragen.
Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Dermatophytes from a Tertiary Care Centre in North India
Authors: Kumar Mani Bhushan , Gulati Neelam , Chander Jagdish , Singla Nidhi , Bhalla Mala , Nayyar Charu , Sharma Swati , Kaur Manharpreet 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective Dermatophytoses, one of the most ancient diseases, is becoming a menace in recent times. This has made the knowledge of antifungal susceptibility a priority in today's times.Material and Methods This is a prospective study conducted over 18 months including all dermatophytes isolated during the period. Dermatophytes were identified by routine phenotypic methods. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed for griseofulvin, terbinafine, and itraconazole as per the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute M38 A2, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were read after 5 days.Results Patient details and associated risk factors were recorded. Fixed dose combinations with steroids were associated with 79.3% (46 out of 58) of patients with dermatophytosis of skin. Among the 72 dermatophytes isolated during the study period, 58 (80.5%) were isolated from skin scrapings and 14 (19.4%) from nail samples. Tinea corporis with cruris was the most common presentation. The most common dermatophyte isolated from skin scrapings was Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex (70.6%, 41 out of 58), while from nail samples it was Trichophyton rubrum complex (78.57%, 11 out of 14). Based on the MIC50 and MIC90 results, itraconazole showed the lowest MICs, followed by terbinafine and then griseofulvin.Conclusion With the changing epidemiology of species distribution and antifungal resistance, there is a need for continuous surveillance of these parameters of dermatophytes.
Evaluation of Paraspinal Musculature in Small Breed Dogs with and without Atlantoaxial Instability Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Müller Annina , Forterre Franck , Vidondo Beatriz , Stoffel Michael H. , Hernández-Guerra Ángel , Plessas Ioannis N. , Schmidt Martin J. , Precht Christina 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in paraspinal musculature between dogs with and without atlantoaxial instability (AAI) using computed tomography scans.
Study Design Retrospective multicentre study evaluating transverse reconstructed computed tomography scans of 83 small breed dogs (34 with and 49 without AAI) for the cross-sectional paraspinal musculature area at three levels (Occiput/C1, mid-C1, mid-C2). Ratio of moments, dorsal-to-ventral muscle-area ratios (d-v-ratio) and ratios of the dorsal and ventral musculature to C2 height (d-C2-ratio and v-C2-ratio) were evaluated for differences between groups using multivariate analysis of variance (p < 0.05) taking the head-neck position into account.
Results Dogs with AAI showed a significantly lower d-v-ratio at levels 2 and 3, d-C2-ratio at level 2 and ratio of moments at all levels. When head-neck positions were analysed separately, ratio of moments was significantly lower in affected dogs at level 1 and 2. Also lower was d-C2-ratio at level 2, but only in flexed positioning. The head-neck position had a significant influence on ratio of moments and d-v-ratio at all three levels and on d-C2-ratio at level 1.
Conclusion Significant changes in muscle area were observed only for the hypaxial muscles at the C1 level, indicating a limited role of muscular adaption in AAI patients. Our results confirm an altered ratio of moments in dogs with AAI. The head-neck position has a significant impact and should be taken into account when evaluating spinal musculature.
Effects of social influence on crowdfunding performance: implications of the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Zribi Sirine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBy analyzing a comprehensive dataset of 467 crowdfunding campaigns from the Spanish platform Goteo over the period 2019–2020, our article empirically examines the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the crowdfunding projects performance. In light of the close link between social networks and crowdfunding, we provide evidence that the strength of the social influence on the crowdfunding campaign’s performance has changed in this pandemic period. Our results show that the founder’s dynamism and the number of comments exchanged between stakeholders had a stronger impact on the crowdfunding performance during the COVID-19 crisis. We also find that investors, during this period, are more inclined to contribute to social projects with small amounts. The study findings can serve as an interesting guide for entrepreneurs, policy makers and platform managers to improve the crowdfunding performance.
Existence of normalized solutions for semilinear elliptic systems with potential
Authors: Liu Chuangye , Yang Xiaolong 
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we consider the existence of normalized solutions to the following system: −Δu + V1(x)u + λu = μ1u3 + βv2u and −Δv + V2(x)v + λv = μ2v3 + βu2v in R3, under the mass constraint ∫R3u2+v2=ρ2, where ρ is prescribed, μi, β &gt; 0 (i = 1, 2), and λ∈R appears as a Lagrange multiplier. Then, by a min–max argument, we show the existence of fully nontrivial normalized solutions under various conditions on the potential Vi:R3→R(i=1,2).
Dual-mode microresonators as straightforward access to octave-spanning dissipative Kerr solitons
Authors: Weng Haizhong , Afridi Adnan Ali , Li Jing , McDermott Michael , Tu Huilan , Barry Liam P. , Lu Qiaoyin , Guo Weihua , Donegan John F. 
Published: June 2022

The Kerr soliton frequency comb is a revolutionary compact ruler of coherent light that allows applications from precision metrology to quantum information technology. The universal, reliable, and low-cost soliton microcomb source is key to these applications. As a development and extension of the direct creation of a soliton microcomb with the dual-mode scheme in an aluminum nitride microresonator, this paper thoroughly presents the design strategy to reliably attain such dual-modes in the silicon nitride (Si3N4) platform, separated by ∼10 GHz, which stabilizes soliton formation without using additional auxiliary laser or RF components. We demonstrate the deterministic generation of the refined single-solitons that span 1.5-octaves, i.e., near 200 THz, via adiabatic pump wavelength tuning. The ultra-wide soliton existence range up to 17 GHz not only suggests the robustness of the system but will also extend the applications of soliton combs. Moreover, the proposed scheme is found to easily give rise to multi-solitons as well as the soliton crystals featuring enhanced repetition rate (2 and 3 THz) and conversion efficiency greater than 10%. We also show the effective thermal tuning of mode separation to increase the possibility to access the single-soliton state. Our results are crucial for the chip-scale self-referenced frequency combs with a simplified configuration.
Transient surface photovoltage spectroscopy of diamond
Authors: Dittrich Th. 
Published: June 2022

Contactless and highly sensitive probing of electronic transitions in diamond over a wide spectral range from near infrared to deep ultraviolet is still challenging. Surface photovoltage (SPV) signals depend on electronic transitions and transport phenomena leading to charge separation in space and allow for a contactless study of electronic transitions. Here, transient SPV spectroscopy in an arrangement with a charge amplifier and a laser tunable over a wide range was applied to study an undoped diamond single crystal between 0.8 and 5.9 eV at room temperature in ambient air. SPV transients were measured without and with weak visible bias light, which allowed for suppression of possible parasitic contributions in SPV signals not related to diamond and distinction of processes of charge separation that were independent of band bending. Transitions at 1.0 and 3.1 eV led to preferential separation of photogenerated holes toward the surface. In contrast, a transition at 1.8 eV caused preferential separation of photogenerated electrons toward the surface. Transitions near the indirect bandgap of diamond were observed at 5.27, 5.32, 5.48, and 5.53 eV and could be assigned to absorption assisted (i) by an indirect exciton and absorption of longitudinal optical and acoustic phonons, (ii) by absorption of transverse acoustic phonons, (iii) by emission of transverse acoustic phonons, and (iv) by emission of longitudinal optical and acoustic phonons, respectively. Charge separation under excitation at 5.27 eV was caused by directed charge transfer at/near the diamond surface after exciton diffusion followed by exciton dissociation.
Fabrication of multi-channel filter array mold based on fast tool servo turning
Authors: Huang Yuetian , Li Shijie , Zhang Jin , Yang Chen , Liang Haifeng 
Published: June 2022

To realize a multi-channel integrated filter on a single substrate, a new preparation method is proposed in this paper, which was to adjust the thickness of the space layer based on the Fabry–Pérot interferometer theory. Optical thickness adjustment is achieved by integrating multispectral channels on a single substrate that is fabricated combined with coating, nanoimprinting, and single point diamond turning. A multi-channel filter is integrated on a mold and machined once, and three kinds of multi-channel array filter molds are fabricated utilizing fast tool servo turning. The accuracy of each channel is analyzed for the machine accuracy of the mold, which affords the key to this method. Although there exists a slight oscillation error on the surface of each channel, the maximum error is less than 4 nm and the ratio of error and differentials designed is less than 7%. The results indicate that the processing method of the multi-channel filter mold is feasible. As far as this technology is concerned, it provides technical support for mass manufacturing of large-scale multi-channel array filters.
Off-axis electron holography for the direct visualization of perpendicular shape anisotropy in nanoscale 3D magnetic random-access-memory devices
Authors: Almeida Trevor P. , Palomino Alvaro , Lequeux Steven , Boureau Victor , Fruchart Olivier , Prejbeanu Ioan Lucian , Dieny Bernard , Cooper David 
Published: June 2022

Perpendicular shape anisotropy (PSA) and double magnetic tunnel junctions (DMTJs) offer practical solutions to downscale spin-transfer-torque Magnetic Random-Access Memory (STT-MRAM) beyond 20 nm technology nodes, while retaining their thermal stability and reducing critical currents applied. However, as these modern devices become smaller and three-dimensionally (3D) complex, our understanding of their functional magnetic behavior is often indirect, relying on magnetoresistance measurements and micromagnetic modeling. In this paper, we review recent work that was performed on these structures using a range of advanced electron microscopy techniques, focusing on aspects specific to the 3D and nanoscale nature of such elements. We present the methodology for the systematic transfer of individual SST-MRAM nano-pillars from large-scale arrays to image their magnetic configurations directly using off-axis electron holography. We show that improved phase sensitivity through stacking of electron holograms can be used to image subtle variations in DMTJs and the thermal stability of &lt;20 nm PSA-STT-MRAM nano-pillars during in situ heating. The experimental practicalities, benefits, and limits of using electron holography for the analysis of MRAM devices are discussed, unlocking practical pathways for direct imaging of the functional magnetic performance of these systems with high spatial resolution and sensitivity.
Multireference configuration interaction study of the predissociation of C2 via its F1Π
u state
Authors: Xu Zhongxing , Federman S. R. , Jackson William M. , Ng Cheuk-Yiu , Wang Lee-Ping , Crabtree Kyle N. 
Published: June 2022

Photodissociation is one of the main destruction pathways for dicarbon (C2) in astronomical environments, such as diffuse interstellar clouds, yet the accuracy of modern astrochemical models is limited by a lack of accurate photodissociation cross sections in the vacuum ultraviolet range. C2 features a strong predissociative F1Πu−X1Σg+ electronic transition near 130 nm originally measured in 1969; however, no experimental studies of this transition have been carried out since, and theoretical studies of the F1Πu state are limited. In this work, potential energy curves of excited electronic states of C2 are calculated with the aim of describing the predissociative nature of the F1Πu state and providing new ab initio photodissociation cross sections for astrochemical applications. Accurate electronic calculations of 56 singlet, triplet, and quintet states are carried out at the DW-SA-CASSCF/MRCI+Q level of theory with a CAS(8,12) active space and the aug-cc-pV5Z basis set augmented with additional diffuse functions. Photodissociation cross sections arising from the vibronic ground state to the F1Πu state are calculated by a coupled-channel model. The total integrated cross section through the F1Πu v = 0 and v = 1 bands is 1.198 × 10−13 cm2 cm−1, giving rise to a photodissociation rate of 5.02 × 10−10 s−1 under the standard interstellar radiation field, much larger than the rate in the Leiden photodissociation database. In addition, we report a new 21Σu+ state that should be detectable via a strong 21Σu+−X1Σg+ band around 116 nm.