bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect on the measurement for gear involute profile caused by the error of probe position
Authors: Ling Ming , Ling Siying , Li Xiaoyan , Shi Zhaoyao , Wang Liding 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Gear involute artefact (GIA) is a kind of measurement standard used to calibrate involute measuring instruments. To measure the profile deviation of GIA more accurately, the effect on the measurement of a gear involute profile caused by the error of the probe position is considered, the value of profile deviations would be affected and the measurement curve of profile deviations would be compressed or stretched along the roll path length, caused by the error of the probe position. Moreover, about 60% of the measurement errors are concentrated within the involute root of roll path length ρ= 0–5 mm. Based on the above research, an adjustment method for the probe position with a double roller-guide involute measuring instrument is proposed and measurement experiments are carried out using probes with probe radius ro
= 0.5 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm. As the error of probe position e > 0, the curve of profile deviations at the root of the involute is biased towards the body. As the error of probe position e < 0, the profile deviation curve at the root of the involute except for the vicinity of base circle is biased towards the body, while the profile deviation curve near the base circle is biased out of the body caused by the interference of the transition surface, and the measurement curve of profile deviations at the root of the involute is significantly compressed. These errors decrease as the probe radius increases and the error of the probe position decreases. The difference of profile slope deviations and profile form deviations measured by the three probes after adjustment is 0.11 μm and 0.04 μm respectively, which indicates the feasibility of the probe adjustment method described above. The research supports the machining and measurement of a high-precision gear involute artefact.
A portable flow tube homogenizer for aerosol mixing in the sub-micrometre and lower micrometre particle size range
Authors: Horender Stefan , Giordano Andrea , Auderset Kevin , Vasilatou Konstantina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A portable and light-weight aerosol homogenizer has been designed and validated experimentally. The design relies on large-scale primary standards for particle number and mass concentration previously developed for metrology applications, but the dimensions have been scaled down to produce a versatile and user-friendly apparatus for everyday applications in aerosol sciences. The homogenizer is a 0.8 m long cylinder made of steel with an inner diameter of 50 mm, equipped with three inlets for primary aerosols and up to four outlets for sampling homogenized aerosol mixtures. Mixing is achieved by three turbulent air jets. The aerosol spatial homogeneity in the sampling zone was within ±1% and ±4% for 2 and 5 µm polystyrene (PS) particles, respectively. The possibility to supply and control independently aerosol flows with pressure-sensitive generators and the short equilibration time (<1 min) have also been demonstrated. The homogenizer allows for mixing various aerosol components, such as soot, inorganic species and mineral dust particles, to generate ambient-like aerosols in the laboratory or industrially manufactured particles such as PS spheres as model aerosols. We believe that it could have applications in applied aerosol research, health-related studies, and instrument calibration.
The simplest erasing substitution
Authors: Della Corte Alessandro , Isola Stefano , Piergallini Riccardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work, we begin the study of a new class of dynamical systems determined by interval maps generated by the symbolic action of erasing substitution rules. We do this by discussing in some detail the geometric, analytical, dynamical and arithmetic properties of a particular example, which has the virtue of being arguably the simplest and that at the same time produces interesting properties and new challenging problems.
Influence of Simarouba Glauca (Laxmi taru) biodiesel on engine performance and emissions of conventional compression ignition engine
Authors: Puthani Prashant , Jeeragal Ramesh , Patil Amaresha T , Chanagond Malati 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present paper reports the performance and emission studies for a four stroke single cylinder CI-DI unmodified engine using laxmi taru biodiesel as fuel. Laxmi taru biodiesel has 80% potential of extracting oil from the seeds as compared to other biofuels. The properties of laxmi taru biodiesel fuel nearly match the properties of diesel fuel. In this paper performance and emission tests are conducted for different blends such as S0 (0% laxmi taru + 100% diesel), S5, S10, S20, S40 by volume. At full load conditions (4.9 kW) brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreased for S5, S10, S20 and S40 blends by 3.26%, 4.53%, 3.16% and 5.54% respectively as compared to diesel fuel operation because of poor heating value of laxmi taru biodiesel. Presence of oxygen content in the fuel and better combustion leads to decreased carbon monoxide (CO) emission for S5, S10, S20 and S40 blends by 4%, 8%, 12% and 28% as that of diesel. Similarly hydrocarbon (HC) emission reduced by 16.21%, 24.32% and 29.7% in S10, S20 and S40 blends respectively. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emission increased by 27.19%, 30.57%, 15.2% and 19.3% for S5, S10, S20 and S40 blends respectively in comparison with diesel fuel, under full load conditions due to high incylinder temperature. Usage of laxmi taru biodiesel in CI engines resulting in drastic reduction in carbon based (CO, HC) emissions without altering the performance of the engine. Therefore laxmi taru biodiesel is better alternate fuel for CI engines.
Bio-oil by the hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal sewage sludge using hierarchical Fe-Co-ZSM-5 catalysts
Authors: Govindasamy Gopalakrishnan , Kumar J Praveen , Pasupula Ramatejaswi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), a mimic of natural formation of petroleum is the only thermochemical conversion having ability to convert the wet biomass to bio-oil, which upon hydrotreatment gives drop-in auto fuels. Yield of bio-oil, the energy product of HTL depends on the activity of the catalyst. Hence the synthesis of hierarchical Fe-Co-ZSM-5 was reported for the first time, the same was characterized and evaluated for the HTL of municipal sewage sludge to bio-oil. From their XRD characterization and calculated XRD crystallinity, 3 days was found to be the optimum crystallization time, as its crystallinity was 84% of hierarchical Al-ZSM-5 as standard, maximum among others crystallized at 2 and 4 days. From the characterization of Fe-Co-ZSM-5 obtained at 3 days by N2 adsorption, mesoporosity was found to be 87.7% conforming its hierarchical nature and UV-visible reflectance spectrometry confirmed the incorporation of Fe and Co into the tetrahedral zeolite framework. Hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal sewage sludge studied at 250°C and initial H2 pressure of 40 bar using the hierarchical Fe-Co-ZSM-5 (3 days) catalysts gave higher bio-oil yield of 23.8% compared to 10.26% for non-catalytic HTL.
The effect of window orientation on the amount of light in the inner space over year using DIALux Evo application simulation
Authors: Rahmah L , Jurizat A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The visual comfort of users in residential buildings is undoubtedly a substance and necessary to put an attention. About 30-40% of human activities are spent at the house, such as working, studying, reading, and resting. To support these activities, they need a lighting condition from natural and artificial light. Natural light can be achieved by making various openings, such as windows, skylights, and ventilation that are tailored to the lighting needs of the room. The general case for natural lighting is the effective positions for the openings because it can affect the distribution and the amount of light for which passing to the inside. Other consequences of the opening’s position are radiation levels, visual comfort, and the use of energy for the electric lights. This research aims to find the appropriate orientation of windows through the amount of light in the inner space over the year. The method is qualitative research by collecting data in the form of the amount of light entering through window openings at four different positions based on cardinal orientations in a 12 m2 empty room in a natural setting to interpret the phenomena. The research is using the digital simulation of the DiaLux Evo 9.1 software. The result of this study is that the placement of windows in north and south orientations has met the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) with a value range of 146 - 1879 lx. These results meet the need for various functions of space in the house, such as terraces, garages, dining rooms, workspaces, bedrooms, living rooms. guest and bathroom. Meanwhile, the openings located in the east and west directions have the value range of 179 - 213 lx which less matches with the standard.
Impact of Artificial Lighting for Visual Comfort towards User Activity at Al-Furqon Mosque
Authors: Kusumawardani L , Ramadhan T , Maknun J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Mosque’s primary function as a sanctuary place for Muslim communities is to accommodate large numbers of worshipers in the first place. This primary function then developed over time, requiring the mosque to be used as a place of worship and for various social activities both horizontally and vertically. Unfortunately, this development makes the initial concept of lighting supporting the atmosphere of worship facilities unable to provide visual comfort for users who use the mosque to study. This research paper aims to investigate artificial lighting designing the main room of the male worshiper at the Al-Furqon Mosque, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, to provide visual comfort for non-religious activities such as reading and writing. This study used a quantitative descriptive method, which explores how artificial lightning influences visual comfort. The data was collected by collecting actual data in the location, questionnaire, analysing, and interpreting them through a quantitative inductive method to determine the level of visual comfort. The result indicated that the size of the light in the room was still far below the standard of visual comfort. Furthermore, active users in the main room of male worshipers felt that the artificial lighting was inadequate for other activities, including scientific studies, tahsin and tahfidz activities (reading and memorizing Quran), mentoring, and group study.
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Changes in Hospital Requirements and Designs in Indonesia. Case Study: Rumah Sakit Ginjal Habibie, Bandung.
Authors: Kartidjo W , Tambunan L , Poetry F , Asriana N , Reyndan I , Sugangga M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted changes in services and work systems in hospitals worldwide, including Indonesia. The Indonesian Ministry of Health’s policy calls for hospitals to accept Covid-19 patients, requiring hospital management to adjust in the design of their facilities. This study aims to examine the changes made before receiving and while treating Covid-19 patients, considering the contagious character of the disease. It focuses on the hospital’s inpatient installation that chambers infected patients for a certain duration of time. The research was carried out by comparing before-after hospital plan documents and conducting interviews with hospital management along with a field survey to Rumah Sakit Khusus Ginjal (RSKG) Nyonya Habibie in Bandung. Changes reviewed include those related criteria sourced from guides and regulations mentioning standards of Covid-19 inpatient facilities. These criteria, divided into two aspects— zoning-circulation paths and ventilation-air circulation – are the basis of quantitative evaluation, using Likert scale. The result of this phase is to find whether alterations done are enough to meet the newly set standards for Covid-19 inpatient installation and be able to reduce the chance of transmission.
Mechanical Properties Improvement of Disposable Diapers Concrete by Utilization Rice Husk-Based Admixture
Authors: Zuraida Siswanti , Dewancker Bart , Irfan Muhammad Arief , Harmaji Andrie , Margono Romi Bramantyo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Disposable diaper recycling has become a major focus in several countries due to environmental concerns. As for overcoming the problem of recycling technology, the use of diaper waste as a material for concrete can be an easier and cheaper option. Although the use of waste disposable diapers as concrete composite material is still very limited, several studies have shown positive results. The addition of disposable diapers to concrete has increased internal curing hydration, improve strength and durability. However, the problem of strength remains a major issue to the development of this concrete. Previous studies concluded that the addition of diapers to concrete is only a maximum of 5%. To further enhance its workability, the addition of a rice husk-based superplasticizer as a concrete admixture was studied in this paper. The variants of the mix design are the addition of disposable diapers of 5% and 10%, with and without superplasticizer. The results show that the addition has no significant impact to reduce compressive strength compared to normal concrete but enhances its workability and mechanical properties. The result increases compressive strength to 4.4% - 6.9% and increases slump value to 2 - 3 times. The result also indicated the variants utilization of disposable diaper concrete for the infrastructure industry.
Probing tip-induced attractive deformation of graphite surfaces through wave function dissipation in field emission resonance
Authors: Korachamkandy Shitha Valsan , Lu Shin-Ming , Su Wei-Bin , Chan Wen-Yuan , Chang Ho-Hsiang , Jeng Horng-Tay , Lee Chih-Hao , Chang Chia-Seng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We studied wave function dissipation (WFD) in field emission resonance (FER) by performing scanning tunneling microscopy on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and Ag(111) surfaces under two conditions: (1) the same current and FER number; (2) the same tip structure but different currents. Under the first condition, we observed that the decay rate corresponding to the WFD exhibited a larger variation on the HOPG surface than it did on the Ag(111) surface. Under the second condition, the decay rate was nearly independent of the FER electric field for the Ag(111) surface; by contrast, it was linearly proportional to the FER electric field for the HOPG surface. These remarkable differences can be attributed to the factors that the tip-induced attractive deformation caused by the electrostatic force was considerably more prominent on the HOPG surface than on the Ag(111) surface and that the deformed HOPG top layer had a unique electronic structure similar to that of single-layer graphene.
Fruit weight and yield estimation models for five avocado cultivars in Ethiopia
Authors: Mokria Mulugeta , Gebrekirstos Aster , Said Hadia , Hadgu Kiros , Hagazi Niguse , Dubale Workneh , Bräuning Achim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAvocado (Persea Americana Mill.) is an important tree crop and proved to be a very rewarding commercial crop for export and local consumptions. Due to high local and global market demand, avocado plantation and production is considerably increasing in many parts of Ethiopia. Thus, pre-harvest yield estimation is necessary for market planning, monitoring, and tracking long-term productivity. Though there are studies on various characteristics of avocado tree, not much has been documented about its productivity due to lack of easy and non-destructive ways to estimate yield. Hence, this study was conducted to develop cultivar-specific and mixed-cultivar fruit weight estimation models using single and multiple predictors including fruit length and diameter. We harvested and weighted 1800 fruits from five cultivars grown in 30 smallholder farmlands. The highest mean fruit load was recorded for Nabal (281 (±36 Fruit. tree−1) and Hass 249 (±27 Fruit. tree−1). A large proportion of avocado fruits were in the range that are commercially valuable. The correlation between fruit load and crown diameter were positive for each cultivar and it was stronger for Ettinger (r = 0.7,p < 0.01, n = 30), followed by Nabal (r = 0.64,P < 0.01, n = 30). We observed that fruit weight correlates significantly (P < 0.01) with fruit diameter and length. Our best models explained 80% for Ettinger, 78% for Fuerte, 80% for Hass, 63% for Nabal, 72% for Reed and 72% for multiple cultivars. Estimated yield was nearly 45 kg. tree−1for Ettinger, Fuerte, Hass, Reed and 90 Kg. tree−1for Nabal. The equations developed in this study are suitable for conducting pre-harvest yield estimation and monitoring changes in avocado productivity. Such information is critical for planned marketing and support government initiatives towards making horticulture sector as a possible engine for poverty alleviation and national economic growth.
A review on interaction control for contact robots through intent detection
Authors: Li Yanan , Sena Aran , Wang Ziwei , Xing Xueyan , Babič Jan , van Asseldonk Edwin , Burdet Etienne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Interaction control presents opportunities for contact robots physically interacting with their human user, such as assistance targeted to each human user, communication of goals to enable effective teamwork, and task-directed motion resistance in physical training and rehabilitation contexts. Here we review the burgeoning field of interaction control in the control theory and machine learning communities, by analysing the exchange of haptic information between the robot and its human user, and how they share the task effort. We first review the estimation and learning methods to predict the human user intent with the large uncertainty, variability and noise and limited observation of human motion. Based on this motion intent core, typical interaction control strategies are described using a homotopy of shared control parameters. Recent methods of haptic communication and game theory are then presented to consider the co-adaptation of human and robot control and yield versatile interactive control as observed between humans. Finally, the limitations of the presented state of the art are discussed and directions for future research are outlined.
A self-assembled nanoflower-like Ni5P4@NiSe2 heterostructure with hierarchical pores triggering high-efficiency electrocatalysis for Li–O2 batteries
Authors: Han Xue , Liang Yanjie , Zhao Lanling , Wang Jun , Xia Qing , Li Deyuan , Liu Yao , Zhou Zhaorui , Long Yuxin , Li Yebing , Zhang Yiming , Chou Shulei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The remarkably high theoretical energy densities of Li–O2 batteries have triggered tremendous efforts for next-generation conversion devices. Discovering efficient oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) bifunctional catalysts and revealing their internal structure-property relationships are crucial in developing high-performance Li–O2 batteries. Herein, we have prepared a nanoflower-like Ni5P4@NiSe2 heterostructure and employed it as a cathode catalyst for Li–O2 batteries. As expected, the three-dimensional biphasic Ni5P4@NiSe2 nanoflowers facilitated the exposure of adequate active moieties and provide sufficient space to store more discharge products. Moreover, the strong electron redistribution between Ni5P4 and NiSe2 heterojunctions could result in the built-in electric fields, thus greatly facilitating the ORR/OER kinetics. Based on the above merits, the Ni5P4@NiSe2 heterostructure catalyst improved the catalytic performance of Li–O2 batteries and holds great promise in realizing their practical applications as well as inspiration for the design of other catalytic materials.
Operative Fixation of the Anteromedial Facet of the Coronoid Process
Authors: Kingery Matthew T. , Lowe Dylan T. , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
Anteromedial coronoid facet fractures typically occur with varus, pronation, and axial forces applied to the elbow. Due in part to the high rate of concomitant lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries, untreated anteromedial facet fractures can result in varus and posteromedial rotatory elbow instability. Although small fractures that are not amenable to open reduction and internal fixation can be treated with isolated LCL repair, larger fragments are treated with buttress plating on the anteromedial surface of the coronoid with or without LCL repair. The “over-the-top” approach via a split in the flexor pronator mass is the preferred method of accessing the anteromedial facet. Although data regarding the functional outcomes after operative fixation of the anteromedial facet are limited, observational studies have demonstrated good restoration of elbow stability and motion.
Open Reduction and Fixation of Lateral Malleolus and Syndesmosis for Ankle Re-Fracture
Authors: Goel Akshay , Lamba Collin , Purudappa Prabhudev Prasad 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
Rotational ankle fractures are often accompanied with a syndesmotic injury. Furthermore, malreduction of syndesmosis and fibular shortening are frequent errors observed in these cases and often lead to poor functional outcomes. We present a case of Weber C lateral malleolus fracture and distal tibiofibular syndesmotic injury in an active 23-year-old patient. Various techniques for syndesmotic reduction and restoration of fibular length are discussed and demonstrated.
Dual Plate Minifragment Fixation of Clavicle Fractures- Technique and Approach
Authors: Zielinski Elizabeth , Doe Keli , Perdue Paul 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
The treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures continues to evolve, with a variety of fixation techniques and constructs used. Symptomatic hardware is a common complication related to plate fixation of the clavicle, and often results in secondary surgery for implant removal. The minifragment dual plate fixation technique for clavicle fractures provides a construct that may result in fewer implant related complications with comparable fixation stability to precontoured locking plates. Our case presentation demonstrates our approach to midshaft clavicle fractures, the benefits of this surgical technique, and reported outcomes from this fixation method.
Partial Articular Fracture of the Distal Radius Treated via Dorsal Approach
Authors: Solasz Sara Jo , Moses Michael J. , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
The case of a 60-year-old woman with an impacted, dorsally unstable, displaced intra-articular distal radius fracture with dorsal sheer treated via a dorsal approach. Literature comparing dorsal to volar plating of the distal radius is mixed. Dorsal plating may lead to a greater incidence of implant removal, although radiographic and clinical outcomes seem to be similar. The rates of these complications have reduced over time with the introduction of lower profile locking plates. At 1-year after surgery, the patient demonstrated excellent clinical results with near full and painless range of motion of the wrist. She had full range of motion of thumb and fingers. The dorsal approach to the distal radius offers reliable restoration of functional ability with a low rate of neuropathic complications.