bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Permeability-controlled migration of induced seismicity to deeper depths near Venus in North Texas
Authors: Chang Kyung Won , Yoon Hongkyu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMigration of seismic events to deeper depths along basement faults over time has been observed in the wastewater injection sites, which can be correlated spatially and temporally to the propagation or retardation of pressure fronts and corresponding poroelastic response to given operation history. The seismicity rate model has been suggested as a physical indicator for the potential of earthquake nucleation along faults by quantifying poroelastic response to multiple well operations. Our field-scale model indicates that migrating patterns of 2015–2018 seismicity observed near Venus, TX are likely attributed to spatio-temporal evolution of Coulomb stressing rate constrained by the fault permeability. Even after reducing injection volumes since 2015, pore pressure continues to diffuse and steady transfer of elastic energy to the deep fault zone increases stressing rate consistently that can induce more frequent earthquakes at large distance scales. Sensitivity tests with variation in fault permeability show that (1) slow diffusion along a low-permeability fault limits earthquake nucleation near the injection interval or (2) rapid relaxation of pressure buildup within a high-permeability fault, caused by reducing injection volumes, may mitigate the seismic potential promptly.
Network controllability solutions for computational drug repurposing using genetic algorithms
Authors: Popescu Victor-Bogdan , Kanhaiya Krishna , Năstac Dumitru Iulian , Czeizler Eugen , Petre Ion 
Published: January 2022

AbstractControl theory has seen recently impactful applications in network science, especially in connections with applications in network medicine. A key topic of research is that of finding minimal external interventions that offer control over the dynamics of a given network, a problem known as network controllability. We propose in this article a new solution for this problem based on genetic algorithms. We tailor our solution for applications in computational drug repurposing, seeking to maximize its use of FDA-approved drug targets in a given disease-specific protein-protein interaction network. We demonstrate our algorithm on several cancer networks and on several random networks with their edges distributed according to the Erdős–Rényi, the Scale-Free, and the Small World properties. Overall, we show that our new algorithm is more efficient in identifying relevant drug targets in a disease network, advancing the computational solutions needed for new therapeutic and drug repurposing approaches.
Numerical simulation of foundation pit dewatering using horizontal seepage reducing body
Authors: Wang Jianxiu , Long Yanxia , Zhao Yu , Liu Xiaotian , Pan Weiqiang , Qu Jianxun , Wang Hanmei , Shi Yujin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGroundwater level has to be lowered during deep excavation. A vertical curtain is usually adopted to control the drawdown inside and outside a foundation pit in a built-up area. However, the cost and working difficulty increases substantially with the rise in depth of vertical curtains. In the manuscript, a man-made horizontal seepage reducing body (HSRB) was introduced to shorten the vertical curtain depth and control drawdown. With the No. 4 shaft foundation pit of Guangyuan Project, Shanghai as background, HSRB was proposed in foundation pit dewatering. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation grouting technology was recommended to form an environment-friendly HSRB. Numerical method was used to simulate and understand the influence of position, thickness, and hydraulic conductivity of HSRB on groundwater level. The non-separated HSRB was better than the separate HSRB. Decreasing HSRB hydraulic conductivity was better than increasing HSRB depth. Four seepage modes were summarized considering vertical curtain penetration conditions into multi-aquifer, and the fifth seepage mode was formed for vertical curtain using man-made HSRB, which can be referred by similar engineering applications.
Detection of Gag C-terminal mutations among HIV-1 non-B subtypes in a subset of Cameroonian patients
Authors: Teto Georges , Nka Alex Durand , Fokam Joseph , Bouba Yagai , Takou Désiré , Fabeni Lavinia , Carioti Luca , Armenia Daniele , Semengue Ezéchiel Ngoufack Jagni , Dambaya Béatrice , Sosso Samuel Martin , Colizzi Vittorio , Perno Carlo-Federico , Ceccherini-Silberstein Francesca , Santoro Maria Mercedes , Ndjolo Alexis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractResponse to ritonavir-boosted-protease inhibitors (PI/r)-based regimen is associated with some Gag mutations among HIV-1 B-clade. There is limited data on Gag mutations and their covariation with mutations in protease among HIV-1 non-B-clades at PI/r-based treatment failure. Thus, we characterized Gag mutations present in isolates from HIV-1 infected individuals treated with a PI/r-regimen (n = 143) and compared them with those obtained from individuals not treated with PI/r (ART-naïve [n = 101] or reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI) treated [n = 118]). The most frequent HIV-1 subtypes were CRF02_AG (54.69%), A (13.53%), D (6.35%) and G (4.69%). Eighteen Gag mutations showed a significantly higher prevalence in PI/r-treated isolates compared to ART-naïve (p < 0.05): Group 1 (prevalence < 1% in drug-naïve): L449F, D480N, L483Q, Y484P, T487V; group 2 (prevalence 1–5% in drug-naïve): S462L, I479G, I479K, D480E; group 3 (prevalence ≥ 5% in drug-naïve): P453L, E460A, R464G, S465F, V467E, Q474P, I479R, E482G, T487A. Five Gag mutations (L449F, P453L, D480E, S465F, Y484P) positively correlated (Phi ≥ 0.2, p < 0.05) with protease-resistance mutations. At PI/r-failure, no significant difference was observed between patients with and without these associated Gag mutations in term of viremia or CD4 count. This analysis suggests that some Gag mutations show an increased frequency in patients failing PIs among HIV-1 non-B clades.
Bupivacaine reduces GlyT1 expression by potentiating the p-AMPKα/BDNF signalling pathway in spinal astrocytes of rats
Authors: Lu Kaimei , Zhao Liyan , Zhang Yonghai , Yang Fan , Zhang Huiwen , Wang Jie , Li Bin , Ji Guimei , Yu Jianqiang , Ma Hanxiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBupivacaine, a local anaesthetic, is widely applied in the epidural or subarachnoid space to clinically manage acute and chronic pain. However, the underlying mechanisms are complex and unclear. Glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) in the spinal cord plays a critical role in various pathologic pain conditions. Therefore, we sought to determine whether bupivacaine exerts its analgesic effect by regulating GlyT1 expression and to determine the underlying mechanisms of regulation. Primary astrocytes prepared from the spinal cord of rats were treated with bupivacaine. The protein levels of GlyT1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase α (p-AMPKα) were measured by western blotting or immunofluorescence. In addition, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF, BDNF receptor agonist) and AMPK shRNA were applied to verify the relationship between the regulation of GlyT1 by bupivacaine and the p-AMPKα/BDNF signalling pathway. After treatment with bupivacaine, GlyT1 expression was diminished in a concentration-dependent manner, while the expression of BDNF and p-AMPK was increased. Moreover, 7,8-DHF decreased GlyT1 expression, and AMPK knockdown suppressed the upregulation of BDNF expression by bupivacaine. Finally, we concluded that bupivacaine reduced GlyT1 expression in spinal astrocytes by activating the p-AMPKα/BDNF signalling pathway. These results provide a new mechanism for the analgesic effect of intrathecal bupivacaine in the treatment of acute and chronic pain.
SARS-CoV-2 viability on sports equipment is limited, and dependent on material composition
Authors: Edwards Thomas , Kay Grant A. , Aljayyoussi Ghaith , Owen Sophie I. , Harland Andy R. , Pierce Nicholas S. , Calder James D. F. , Fletcher Tom E. , Adams Emily R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe control of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK has necessitated restrictions on amateur and professional sports due to the perceived infection risk to competitors, via direct person to person transmission, or possibly via the surfaces of sports equipment. The sharing of sports equipment such as tennis balls was therefore banned by some sport’s governing bodies. We sought to investigate the potential of sporting equipment as transmission vectors of SARS-CoV-2. Ten different types of sporting equipment, including balls from common sports, were inoculated with 40 μl droplets containing clinically relevant concentrations of live SARS-CoV-2 virus. Materials were then swabbed at time points relevant to sports (1, 5, 15, 30, 90 min). The amount of live SARS-CoV-2 recovered at each time point was enumerated using viral plaque assays, and viral decay and half-life was estimated through fitting linear models to log transformed data from each material. At one minute, SARS-CoV-2 virus was recovered in only seven of the ten types of equipment with the low dose inoculum, one at five minutes and none at 15 min. Retrievable virus dropped significantly for all materials tested using the high dose inoculum with mean recovery of virus falling to 0.74% at 1 min, 0.39% at 15 min and 0.003% at 90 min. Viral recovery, predicted decay, and half-life varied between materials with porous surfaces limiting virus transmission. This study shows that there is an exponential reduction in SARS-CoV-2 recoverable from a range of sports equipment after a short time period, and virus is less transferrable from materials such as a tennis ball, red cricket ball and cricket glove. Given this rapid loss of viral load and the fact that transmission requires a significant inoculum to be transferred from equipment to the mucous membranes of another individual it seems unlikely that sports equipment is a major cause for transmission of SARS-CoV-2. These findings have important policy implications in the context of the pandemic and may promote other infection control measures in sports to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and urge sports equipment manufacturers to identify surfaces that may or may not be likely to retain transferable virus.
Temporal expectancy induced by the mere possession of a placebo analgesic affects placebo analgesia: preliminary findings from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yeung Victoria Wai-lan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractResearch on placebo analgesia usually shows that people experienced a reduction in pain after using a placebo analgesic. An emerging line of research argues that, under some circumstances, merely possessing (but not using) a placebo analgesic could induce placebo analgesia. The current study investigates how temporary expectation of pain reduction associated with different forms of possessing a placebo analgesic affects pain outcomes. Healthy participants (n = 90) were presented with a vial of olive oil (placebo), described as a blended essential oil that blocks pain sensations upon nasal inhalation, and were asked to anticipate the benefits of such analgesic oil to the self (such as anticipating the analgesic oil to reduce their pain). Participants were randomized into one of three different possession conditions: physical-possession condition (participants possessed a tangible placebo analgesic oil, inducing an expectation to acquire analgesic benefit early upon the experience of pain), psychological-possession condition (participants possessed a coupon, which can be redeemed for a placebo analgesic oil, inducing an expectation to acquire analgesic benefit later upon the experience of pain), or no-possession condition. Participants did a cold pressor test (CPT) to experience experimentally-induced pain on their non-dominant hand. Their objective physical pain responses (pain-threshold and pain-tolerance), and subjective psychological pain perception (pain intensity, severity, quality, and unpleasantness) were measured. Results revealed that participants in the physical-possession condition reported greater pain-threshold, F(2, 85) = 6.65, p = 0.002, and longer pain-tolerance, F(2, 85) = 7.19, p = 0.001 than participants in the psychological-possession and no-possession conditions. No significant group difference was found in subjective pain perception. The results of this study can advance knowledge about pain mechanisms and novel pain management.
Algorithmic design of origami mechanisms and tessellations
Authors: Walker Andreas , Stankovic Tino 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOrigami, the ancient art of paper folding, embodies techniques for transforming a flat sheet of paper into shapes of arbitrary complexity. Although this makes origami a conceptually attractive source of inspiration when designing foldable structures and reconfigurable metamaterials for multiple functionalities, their designs are still based on a set of well-studied patterns leaving the full potential of origami inaccessible for design practitioners and researchers. Here, we present a generalized approach for the algorithmic design of rigidly-foldable origami structures exhibiting a single kinematic degree of freedom. We build on generalized conditions for rigid foldability of degree-n vertices to design origami patterns of arbitrary size and complexity. The versatility of the approach is demonstrated by its capability to not only generate, analyze and optimize regular origami patterns, but also generate and analyze kirigami, generic three-dimensional panel-hinge assemblages and their tessellations. Due to its versatility, the approach provides an inexhaustible source of foldable patterns to inspire the design of metamaterials for a wide range of applications.
Ethics and Diversity: Doing the Right Thing?
Authors: Riquelme Luis F. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
This tutorial reviews the complexity of issues and definitions around topics of diversity. The impact of diversity and cultural responsiveness are presented in the context of ethics in the practice of speech-language pathology, audiology, and speech-language-hearing-swallowing sciences.

Method:
Concepts discussed include culture, cultural sensitivity and responsiveness, and perceptions of the terms minority and majority, among others. Available resources on ethics, changing paradigms, and clinical practice are shared. Guiding professional documents are also cited and practical examples included.

Conclusions:
The road to cultural responsiveness or sensitivity is one of engaging in active learning and exploring. This tutorial provides some thoughts and tools for connecting ethical practices with the provision of culturally sensitive/responsive services, be they clinical, academic, or research oriented. It us up to the professional, or the reader, to initiate an exchange or practice that is devoid of cultural bias or stereotyping. Awareness of the many factors that impact the connection between the professional and the patient/client/student is of great relevance when striving to provide culturally sensitive services. The reader will gain an expanded notion of culture and diversity in the personal and professional contexts.
Velocity structure of the 50 pc long NGC 6334 filamentary cloud
Authors: Arzoumanian Doris , Russeil Delphine , Zavagno Annie , Chun-Yuan Chen Michael , André Philippe , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro , Misugi Yoshiaki , Sánchez-Monge Álvaro , Schilke Peter , Men’shchikov Alexander , Kohno Mikito 
Published: January 2022

Context. The interstellar medium is observed to be organized in filamentary structures, and in neutral (H I) and ionized (H II) bubbles. The expanding nature of these bubbles shapes the surrounding medium and possibly plays a role in the formation and evolution of the interstellar filaments. The impact of the expansion of these bubbles on the interstellar medium is not well understood.
Aims. Our aim is to describe the kinematics of a filamentary molecular cloud forming high-mass stars and hosting multiple H II regions in order to study the possible environmental impact on the properties of molecular filaments.
Methods. We present APEX 13CO and C18O(2–1) mapping observations of the 10 × 50 pc NGC 6334 molecular cloud complex. We investigated the gas velocity structure along and across the 50 pc long cloud and toward velocity-coherent filaments (VCFs).
Results. The NGC 6334 complex is observed to have a coherent velocity structure smoothly varying by ~5 km s−1 over its 50 pc elongation parallel to the Galactic plane. We identify a sample of 75 VCFs in the C18O(2–1) position-position-velocity cube and present the properties of 47 VCFs with a length ≳1 pc (five beams). We measure a large number of velocity gradients along the VCFs. The amplitudes of these velocity gradients and the velocity dispersion measured along the crests increase with the column density of the VCFs. We derive the column density and velocity power spectra of the VCFs. These power spectra are well represented with power laws showing similar slopes for the two quantities (with a mean of about −2), although some differ by up to a factor of 2. The position velocity diagrams perpendicular to three VCFs (selected from different physical environments) show the V-shaped velocity pattern corresponding to a bent structure in velocity space with the filament at the tip of the V surrounded by an extended structure connected to it with a velocity gradient. This velocity structure is qualitatively similar to that resulting from numerical simulations of filament formation from large-scale compression from propagating shock fronts. In addition, the radial profiles perpendicular to these VCFs hint to small-scale internal impacts from neighboring H II bubbles on two of them, while the third is mostly unaffected.
Conclusions. The observed opposite curvature in velocity space (V- and A-shaped) toward the VCFs points to various origins of large-scale external compressions from propagating H I bubbles. This suggests the plausible importance of multiple H I compressions, separated in space and time, in the formation and evolution of molecular clouds and their star formation history. These atomic compressions due to past and distant star formation events are complemented by the impact of H II bubbles from present time and local star formation activity.
Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung als Outcome zur Wirksamkeitsmessung in
der Familienintervention „Babylotse ambulant“ in
Frauenarztpraxen
Authors: Pawils Silke , Kolodziej Désirée , Siefert Sönke , Metzner-Guczka Franka 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Psychosoziale Belastungen können gravierende Folgen
für die mütterliche Gesundheit und die Entwicklung des Kindes
haben. Das Ziel der Familienintervention „Babylotse ambulant“ in
gynäkologischen Praxen besteht im systematischen und
frühzeitigen Identifizieren, Beraten und Weiterleiten psychosozial
belasteter Familien an das regionale Gesundheits- und soziale
Sicherungssystem.
Ziele der Arbeit Die Wirksamkeit der Familienintervention wurde in sechs
Hamburger Frauenarztpraxen anhand des Outcomes Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung (SWE)
im Prä-Post- und Gruppenvergleich geprüft. Angenommen wurde,
dass die Teilnahme an der Familienintervention mit einer Steigerung der
mütterlichen SWE als Maß für das Vertrauen in die eigene
Fähigkeit, Probleme bewältigen zu können,
einhergeht.
Material und Methoden Mit der Skala der Allgemeinen
Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung wurde die SWE von n=202 als psychosozial
belastetet und n=262 als psychosozial unbelastet eingeschätzten
Frauen, die als Patientinnen gynäkologischer Praxen am
Belastungsscreening teilnahmen, im zweiten Trimester der Schwangerschaft (T0)
und ein Jahr nach der Geburt ihres Kindes (T1) erhoben.
Ergebnisse Die psychosozial belasteten Patientinnen, die alle die
Unterstützung von sozialpädagogischen Babylots:innen in Anspruch
genommen hatten, zeigten zu T1 eine signifikant höhere SWE als zu T0.
Nach der Teilnahme an der Intervention zeigten sich keine signifikanten
Unterschiede mehr zwischen den belasteten Patientinnen und den als unbelastet
eingeschätzten Patientinnen ohne Intervention.
Diskussion Die Steigerung der SWE belasteter Frauen nach der
Inanspruchnahme der Familienintervention „Babylotse ambulant“
weist auf die positiven Effekte von bereits in der Schwangerschaft beginnender,
lotsenbasierter Unterstützung im ambulanten Setting von Frauenarztpraxen
hin.
Schlussfolgerung Die Berücksichtigung von psychosozialen
Belastungen und die Stärkung der SWE ist bei klinischen Interventionen
relevant. Lotsenbasierte Interventionen wie „Babylotse ambulant“
können als Schnittstellenmanagement Entlastung in der Versorgung
belasteter Patientinnen im Zeitraum von Geburt und Schwangerschaft schaffen.
Hilfsbedarf und soziale Unterstützung bei psychisch erkrankten Elternteilen mit minderjährigen Kindern
Authors: Höller Inken , Forkmann Thomas , Hündlings Andrea , Specka Michael , Scherbaum Norbert 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungStudien konnten bereits zeigen, dass psychisch erkrankte Elternteile einen hohen Bedarf an sozialer Unterstützung aufweisen, Hilfsangebote jedoch nur wenig genutzt werden. Ziel der Studie war es daher, den Hilfsbedarf sowie das Ausmaß sozialer Unterstützung von Elternteilen mit psychischer Erkrankung zu erfassen. Von N = 100 stationären psychiatrischen Patient*innen (49 % weiblich) mit minderjährigen Kindern wurde der Hilfsbedarf, in Anspruch genommene Hilfe sowie das Ausmaß sozialer Unterstützung erfasst. Es zeigte sich, dass 99 % der Patient*innen bereits Hilfe in Anspruch genommen hatten, 53 % gaben an weiteren Bedarf zu haben. 36 % der Patient*innen berichteten über ein unterdurchschnittliches Ausmaß an sozialer Unterstützung. Zudem zeigten sich soziodemografische Unterschiede. Der Bedarf an sozialer Unterstützung psychisch erkrankter Eltern ist hoch und psychisch erkrankte Elternteile erfahren nicht die soziale Unterstützung, die sie benötigen würden. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Wichtigkeit, psychisch erkrankten Elternteilen soziale Unterstützung zukommen zu lassen.
Psychosoziale Komplexbetreuung bei schwerer psychischer Erkrankung: Implementierung und Begleitevaluation eines sektorübergreifenden Versorgungsmodells an einem psychiatrischen Fachkrankenhaus
Authors: Reinhardt Isabelle , Heinz Josephine , Zielasek Jürgen , Engemann Sandra , Gouzoulis-Mayfrank Euphrosyne 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Studienziel Implementierung und Evaluation eines sektorübergreifenden Komplexmodells für Menschen mit schwerer psychischer Erkrankung („severe mental illness“, SMI).
Methodik Das Versorgungsmodell wurde an einer psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutischen Fachklinik implementiert. Mithilfe eines intensiven Fallmanagements setzte das patientenzentrierte und bedarfsorientierte Komplexmodell für Menschen mit SMI am Übergang zwischen stationärer und ambulanter Behandlung an. Die Evaluation erfolgte mittels einer gematchten Kontrollgruppe (Interventionsgruppe: n = 46; Kontrollgruppe: n = 21).
Ergebnisse Nach klinischer Einschätzung profitierten zwei Drittel der Patient*innen vom Versorgungsmodell. Bei den Betroffenen zeigte sich im Behandlungsverlauf eine signifikante Reduktion der Inanspruchnahme stationär-psychiatrischer Versorgungsstrukturen sowie eine Verbesserung der klinischen Symptomatik.
Schlussfolgerung Für Menschen mit SMI besteht eine Versorgungslücke beim Übergang von der stationären in die ambulante Versorgung, die durch das Versorgungsmodell partiell geschlossen werden konnte.
Perkutane lokal-ablative Therapie beim kleinen Nierenzellkarzinom
Authors: Ringe Kristina Imeen 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Nierenzellkarzinom (NCC) ist eine Tumorerkrankung v. a. älterer Menschen. Perkutane lokale Therapien kleiner NCC (< 4 cm) nehmen insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund begleitender Komorbiditäten und eingeschränkter OP-Fähigkeit der Patienten zu. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden etablierte lokale ablative Verfahren in Form der Radiofrequenz-(RFA), Mikrowellen-(MWA) und Kryoablation dargestellt, und der Stellenwert der Ablation in der Behandlung kleiner NCC basierend auf aktueller Evidenz und im Kontext von bestehenden Leitlinien erläutert.