bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the disease burden trend of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in China from 2006 to 2020
Authors: Han Xiting , Wang Zhihong , Huang Dongmei , Deng Kehong , Wang Qian , Li Cancan , Zhu Jicun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Malignant tumors of reproductive system seriously threaten women’s life and health. We analyzed the changes in mortality and disease burden of cervical cancer, uterine cancer and ovarian cancer in China from 2006 to 2020 to provide a basis for formulating scientific prevention and control measures.

Methods
Annual death data for cervical cancer, uterine cancer and ovarian cancer were collected from the Chinese Cause of Death Surveillance. The crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), annual percentage change (APC), and average APC (AAPC) were applied to analyze the trend of mortality. Loss of life expectancy (LLE) and years of life lost (YLL) were used to assess disease burden.

Results
From 2006 to 2020, there was no significant change in the total ASMR and standardized YLL rates of malignant tumors of the reproductive system, leading to an average LLE of 0.18 years. The YLL rate was the highest in the 55–59 age group. The mortality rate and disease burden of the three types of cancer have changed from uterine cancer higher than cervical cancer and ovarian cancer in 2006 to cervical cancer higher than ovarian cancer and uterine cancer in 2020. The ASMR and standardized YLL rate of uterine cancer showed a downward trend, and AAPC was − 5.21% (− 9.31% ~  − 0.91%) and − 6.07% (− 9.45% ~  − 2.58%), respectively. The mortality rates of cervical cancer and ovarian cancer remain high.

Conclusion
The mortality and disease burden of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in China are still at a high level. It is necessary to improve screening and prevention strategies as soon as possible, improve the techniques of diagnosis and treatment, and take adequate measures to protect women's life and health.
Medium- to long-term outcomes of vaginally assisted laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy in the treatment of stage III–IV pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Deng Tuo , Wang Su , Liang Xuezao , Chen Liquan , Wen Yanli , Zhang Xiaowei , Xu Lizhen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaginally assisted laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (VALS) refers to the placement of synthetic meshes through the vagina in addition to traditional laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the medium- to long-term efficacy and safety of VALS for treating stage III–IV pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Methods
The study was designed as a case series at a single center. Patients with stage III–IV POP in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2018 were included. Perioperative parameters, objective and subjective outcomes, and complications were assessed.

Results
A total of 106 patients completed the follow-up and were included in our study. Within a median follow-up duration of 35.4 months, the objective cure ratio of VALS reached 92.45% (98/106), and the subjective success rate was 99.06% (105/106). Patients reported significant improvements in subjective symptoms. In eight patients suffering anatomic prolapse recurrence, two posterior POP cases were treated by posterior pelvic reconstruction surgery, while six anterior POP cases did not need surgical therapies. The reoperation rate was 1.89% (2/106). No intraoperative complications occurred. Three patients (2.83%) had postoperative fever, and one (0.94%) had wound infection during hospitalization. Six patients (5.66%) had mesh exposure on the vaginal wall, and de novo urinary incontinence occurred in two patients (1.89%) during the follow-up period.

Conclusion
VALS is an effective and safe surgical method for treating severe POP. Therefore, VALS should be considered in the treatment of severe POP due to its favorable subjective and objective outcomes, relatively low rate of infection and acceptable rate of mesh exposure.
Frequency, types, and factors associated with complementary and alternative medicine use among patients on maintenance haemodialysis
Authors: Mambap Alex Tatang , Ukum Gwendoline Enda , Teuwafeu Denis G. , Maimouna Mahamat , Ashuntantang Gloria Enow 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite progress in haemodialysis and conventional medicine approaches, many patients still struggle to maintain an acceptable quality of life and turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to address their unmet needs.

Objective
This study aims to determine the prevalence, types, indications, and factors associated with CAM use by patients on maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) in Cameroon.

Materials and methods
This was a multicentric cross-sectional study involving MHD patients in Cameroon from February 2019 to May 2019. We included all consenting participants on MHD for at least 3 months and excluded participants with cognitive and behavioral problems. Face-to-face interviews were conducted.

Results
A total of 224 participants (145 males) with a mean age of 56.5 ± 14.2 years and a median haemodialysis vintage of 34.5 [IQR: 17.3–64.4] months were recruited. In all, 89.7% (n = 201) reported having used CAM before, while 71.6% (n = 144) were still using it. Biologically based therapies were the most popular (94%, n = 189), with herbal medicine (81.5%, n = 154) and Calabar chalk (52.4%, n = 99) being the most common. Physical well-being (57.2%), nausea (52%), and insomnia (42.7%) were the main indications for CAM use. Most respondents did not disclose their CAM use to their physicians (61.2%). Long haemodialysis vintage was associated with CAM use (AOR: 7.9; CI = 2.8–22.3; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The use of CAM is common among Cameroon’s haemodialysis population, with herbal medicines and Calabar chalk being the most frequent. The high symptom burden makes CAM attractive to them. Healthcare teams should be aware of these practices, initiate an open discussion, and appropriately advise patients about dangers, risks, and safety associated with their use.

Trial registration
The institutional review board of the University of Bamenda. Reference: 2019/0038H/UBa/IRB UPM/TNCPI/RMC/1.4.18.2.
Dimensionality, psychometric properties, and population-based norms of the Turkish version of the Chalder Fatigue Scale among adults
Authors: Adın Rıdvan M. , Ceren Ali Naim , Salcı Yeliz , Fil Balkan Ayla , Armutlu Kadriye , Ayhan Kuru Çiğdem 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Fatigue is emerging as a major public health problem that is highly associated with poor health-related quality of life and disability. Among adults, fatigue has become increasingly common because of workload or lifestyle changes. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS) into Turkish, to investigate its psychometric properties, and to establish normative data in healthy adults by age and gender.

Methods
The validity of the CFS was tested with a total sample of 476 healthy adults aged 20–40 years (264 males and 212 females) and test–retest/measurement error analyses were performed with 161 participants (94 males and 67 females). The test–retest reliability was examined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and internal consistency was determined using Cronbach's α-coefficient. Predictive validity was assessed using the Receiver Operating Characteristic to validate the cut-off value of the CFS for non-fatigued and fatigued participants. Factor analyses and hypothesis testing were conducted to assess construct validity. Hypothesis testing examined convergent and known-group validity by testing 14 predefined hypotheses.

Results
The mean (SD) and median (25–75%) CFS scores were 10.7 (4.9) and 11 (7–14) for the total sample (n = 476). The cut-off point for CFS was set at ≥ 12 with a sensitivity of 65.8% and a specificity of 85.9%. The CFS provided evidence of excellent fit of the two-factor structure (CFI = 0.963, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0.02). There was evidence of strong internal consistency demonstrated by Cronbach's α = 0.863 and good test–retest reliability by ICC = 0.76. Thirteen out of 14 hypotheses (92.9%) were confirmed and the scale showed low to moderate correlation with other measurement instruments (r = 0.31–0.51).

Conclusions
The CFS has been shown to be a reliable and valid instrument that can be used in various populations for the assessment of fatigue.

Level of evidence
Level II.
Augmented-Medication CardioPulmonary Resuscitation Trials in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim June-sung , Ryoo Seung Mok , Kim Youn-Jung , Sohn Chang Hwan , Ahn Shin , Seo Dong Woo , Hong Seok In , Kim Sang-Min , Chae Bora , Kim Won Young 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Previously conducted physician-centered trials on the usefulness of vasopressin have yielded negative results; thus, patient-oriented trials have been warranted. We hypothesize that Augmented-Medication CardioPulmonary Resuscitation could be helpful for selected patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods
This is a double-blind, single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in the emergency department in a tertiary, university-affiliated hospital in Seoul, Korea. A total of 148 adults with non-traumatic OHCA who had initial diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 20 mm Hg via invasive arterial monitoring during the early cardiac compression period were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients received a dose of 40 IU of vasopressin or placebo with initial epinephrine. The primary endpoint was a sustained return of spontaneous circulation. Secondary endpoints were survival discharge, and neurologic outcomes at discharge.

Results
Of the 180 included patients, 32 were excluded, and 148 were enrolled in the trial. A sustained return of spontaneous circulation was achieved by 27 patients (36.5%) in the vasopressin group and 24 patients (32.4%) in the control group (risk difference, 4.1%; P = .60). Survival discharge and good neurologic outcomes did not differ between groups. The trial group had significantly higher median DBPs during resuscitation than the control group (16.0 vs. 14.5 mm Hg, P < 0.01). There was no difference in end-tidal carbon dioxide, acidosis, and lactate levels at baseline, 10 min, and end-time.

Conclusion
Among patients with refractory vasodilatory shock in OHCA, administration of vasopressin, compared with placebo, did not significantly increase the likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation.
Hif-2α regulates lipid metabolism in alcoholic fatty liver disease through mitophagy
Authors: Wu Mei-fei , Zhang Guo-dong , Liu Tong-tong , Shen Jun-hao , Cheng Jie-ling , Shen Jie , Yang Tian-yu , Huang Cheng , Zhang Lei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Disordered lipid metabolism plays an essential role in both the initiation and progression of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and fatty acid β-oxidation is increasingly considered as a crucial factor for controlling lipid metabolism. Hif-2α is a member of the Hif family of nuclear receptors, which take part in regulating hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation. However, its functional role in AFLD and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Results
Hif-2α was upregulated in EtOH-fed mice and EtOH-treated AML-12 cells. Inhibition or silencing of Hif-2α led to increased fatty acid β-oxidation and BNIP3-dependent mitophagy. Downregulation of Hif-2α activates the PPAR-α/PGC-1α signaling pathway, which is involved in hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation, by mediating BNIP3-dependent mitophagy, ultimately delaying the progression of AFLD.

Conclusions
Hif-2α induces liver steatosis, which promotes the progression of AFLD. Here, we have described a novel Hif-2α-BNIP3-dependent mitophagy regulatory pathway interconnected with EtOH-induced lipid accumulation, which could be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of AFLD.
Gut microbiome of helminth-infected indigenous Malaysians is context dependent
Authors: Tee Mian Zi , Er Yi Xian , Easton Alice V. , Yap Nan Jiun , Lee Ii Li , Devlin Joseph , Chen Ze , Ng Kee Seong , Subramanian Poorani , Angelova Angelina , Oyesola Oyebola , Sargsian Shushan , Ngui Romano , Beiting Daniel P. , Boey Christopher Chiong Meng , Chua Kek Heng , Cadwell Ken , Lim Yvonne Ai Lian , Loke P’ng , Lee Soo Ching 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
While microbiomes in industrialized societies are well characterized, indigenous populations with traditional lifestyles have microbiomes that are more akin to those of ancient humans. However, metagenomic data in these populations remains scarce, and the association with soil-transmitted helminth infection status is unclear. Here, we sequenced 650 metagenomes of indigenous Malaysians from five villages with different prevalence of helminth infections.

Results
Individuals from villages with higher prevalences of helminth infections have more unmapped reads and greater microbial diversity. Microbial community diversity and composition were most strongly associated with different villages and the effects of helminth infection status on the microbiome varies by village. Longitudinal changes in the microbiome in response to albendazole anthelmintic treatment were observed in both helminth infected and uninfected individuals. Inference of bacterial population replication rates from origin of replication analysis identified specific replicating taxa associated with helminth infection.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that helminth effects on the microbiota were highly dependent on context, and effects of albendazole on the microbiota can be confounding for the interpretation of deworming studies. Furthermore, a substantial quantity of the microbiome remains unannotated, and this large dataset from an indigenous population associated with helminth infections is a valuable resource for future studies.
Thrombospondin-2 promotes the proliferation and migration of glioma cells and contributes to the progression of glioma
Authors: Huang Tian-Lan , Mei Yi-Wen , Li Yang , Chen Xin , Yu Si-Xun , Kuang Yong-Qin , Shu Hai-Feng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Gliomas, especially high-grade gliomas, are highly malignant with a poor prognosis. Although existing treatments have improved the survival rate of patients with glioma, the recurrence and mortality rates are still not ideal. The molecular mechanisms involved in the occurrence and development of glioma are still poorly understood. We previously reported that thrombospondin-2 (TSP2) expression was increased in tumor specimens from rat models, promoting excitatory synapse formation. However, little is known about the effect of TSP2 on the biological characteristics of glioma.

Methods
Glioma and cerebral cortex tissues were collected from 33 patients, and the expression of TSP2 in them was analyzed. Next, the proliferation and migration of TSP2 on glioma cells were analyzed in vitro. At last, a glioma transplantation model was constructed to explore the growth of TSP2 on glioma in vivo.

Results
The expression of TSP2 in surgical glioma specimens was increased compared to that in the normal cortex. Interestingly, the TSP2 protein level was higher in high-grade glioma (HGG, World Health Organization (WHO) grades 3–4) than in low-grade glioma (LGG, WHO grades 1–2) tissues. Exogenous addition of the TSP2 protein at an appropriate concentration promoted the migration of glioma cells but did not significantly affect their proliferation. Surprisingly, overexpression of TSP2 promoted both the migration and proliferation of cultured glioma cells. Moreover, in vivo experimental data implied that overexpression of TSP2 in C6 cells promoted the malignant growth of gliomas, while knockout of TSP2 slowed glioma growth.

Conclusions
TSP2 promotes the migration and proliferation of glioma cells, which may provide new ideas for blocking glioma progression.
Tailoring the properties of epoxy/silicone blends for high-voltage capacitor applications
Authors: khan Arooba , Hassan Mannan , Shaikh Muhammad Suhail , Farhan Muhammad , Ullah Asad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, high dielectric constant (k) polymer nanocomposites have proved excellent potential in dielectric and energy storage applications. Epoxy/silicon rubber composite materials have shown promising properties in applications such as high-voltage insulation. Three types of nanomaterials (SiO2, TiO2, and TiO2@SiO2) with distinct intrinsic properties are carefully chosen to build high-k epoxy/silicone polymer nanocomposites in this study. To raise the value of K, this work tailored the polarizing ability or permittivity of dielectric material by inserting different weight ratios of nano-fillers (SiO2, TiO2, TiO2@SiO2) in the base matrix of dielectric material in epoxy and silicon rubber blends. With a base matrix containing 75% epoxy and 25% liquid silicone rubber concentration, the maximum value of K obtained is K = 158 for 5% TiO2 and there is an increase in the dielectric strength to 398 kV/mm. The obtained results indicate that, among the three different kinds of epoxy/silicone, TiO2@SiO2 has the most potential in enhancing the energy storage capabilities of the proposed nanocomposites, owing to the largest increase in k while maintaining low dielectric loss and leakage current.
Causality in string field theory
Authors: Shabir Arshid , Shah Naveed Ahmad , Wani Salman Sajad , Faizal Mir , Jan Kousar , Rubab Seemin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this letter, we will investigate causality in string field theory using pp-wave light-cone gauge string field theory. We will generalise the Ramsey scheme to string field theory, and use it to analyze string field theoretical processes. An explicit characteristic function for interactive string field theory will be built using this string field theoretical Ramsey scheme. The average of the difference between the initial and final values of any operator described in string field theory will be obtained using this characteristic function. We will use the quantum information theoretical technique based on quantum Fisher information to extract information about such string field theoretical processes.
Peptidergic modulation of a multi-functional central pattern generator in the pulmonate snail
Authors: Ramakrishnan Siddharth , Murphy A. Don 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Egg laying in pulmonate snails is a well-orchestrated process that involves a period of reduced locomotion, followed by substrate cleaning with rhythmic rasping of the surface to make tiny grooves, into which eggs are deposited. Although the neurohormonal control of initiating egg laying has been well established, the signals that modulate the buccal central pattern generator to substrate cleaning during egg laying are not known. Neuropeptides of the invertebrate gonadotropin-releasing hormone/corazonin family (invGnRH/CRZ) have been shown to be involved in reproduction and allied behaviors in many vertebrates and invertebrates. Here, we show that the buccal motor pattern underlying substrate cleaning during egg laying is altered by a vertebrate GnRH agonist. Signals from the intestinal nerve innervating reproductive structures, previously shown to be both necessary and sufficient for egg-laying behaviors, are blocked by a vertebrate GnRH antagonist. Further, the vertebrate GnRH-triggered response elicits rhythmic, phase 2 and non-phase 2 activity in the buccal motor pattern, with a shutdown of phase 3, indicative of repetitive rasping without accompanied swallowing behavior. Using immunohistochemistry, intracellular electrophysiology and extracellular nerve stimulation, we show that a member of the invGnRH/CRZ family of neuropeptides could be the signal that contextually switches the multifunctional buccal CPG to a biphasic rasping rhythm that underlies substrate cleaning behavior during egg laying in the pulmonate snail Planorbella (Helisoma) trivolvis.
An open label, single arm, pilot study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of daily fluconazole 150 mg in subjects suffering from Tinea cruris and Tinea corporis
Authors: Saple Dattatray Gopal , Save Sushrut , Kumar Devesh , Sood Suneet 
Published: December 2022

Background: Dermatophytes are the most common superficial fungal infections worldwide and are treated with prescribed regimens of terbinafine and itraconazole, or with weekly doses of fluconazole. Dermatologists are increasingly encountering treatment failures, and experts suggest that standard treatment regimens are not applicable anymore. We planned an open-label study to evaluate the results of fluconazole 150 mg daily for 8 weeks in patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis. Methods: Patients were enrolled from the La’Mer Clinic, Mumbai, India. We included adult subjects with uncomplicated dermatophytosis confirmed by microscopic examination of skin scrapings. Pregnancy, poor renal function, and recent exposure to anti-fungal therapy were exclusion criteria. Patients were reviewed on days 14, 28 and 56. The treating doctor scored the severity of erythema, scaling, and pruritus on a four-point scale: absent, mild, moderate, and severe. Of 107 subjects screened, 100 were finally included in the study. Eleven were lost to follow up and one subject withdrew consent. Results: The site of disease was body alone in 29, groin alone in 7, and both body and groin in 64 cases. At 5 weeks, 98%, 100%, and 97% of patients had no scaling, erythema, and pruritus, respectively. Skin scrapings showed 100% mycological cure. In one patient the alanine transaminase level rose from 54.9 to 100.2 U/L, and qualified as a grade 1 adverse event not requiring intervention. No other significant adverse events were noted. Conclusions: Our results suggest that fluconazole 150 mg daily for eight weeks effectively treats dermatophytosis. This regimen is safe and well-tolerated even in patients with co-morbidities. Fluconazole is about eight times less expensive than itraconazole or terbinafine and may be the preferred therapy. Registration: The trial was registered with Clinical Trials Registry, India (Registration number CTRI/2020/06/026110) on 24 June 2020. FDC Company, India, provided financial support for the study.