bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory viral co‐infections in patients with COVID‐19 and associated outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Krumbein Hanna , Kümmel Lara S. , Fragkou Paraskevi C. , Thölken Clemens , Hünerbein Ben L. , Reiter Rieke , Papathanasiou Konstantinos A. , Renz Harald , Skevaki Chrysanthi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to critically assess the published literature related to community‐acquired viral co‐infections and COVID‐19 and to evaluate the prevalence, most identified co‐pathogens, and relevant risk factors. Furthermore, we aimed to examine the clinical features and outcomes of co‐infected compared to mono‐infected COVID‐19 patients. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library for studies published from 1 November 2019 to 13 August 2021. We included patients of all ages and any COVID‐19 severity who were screened for respiratory viral co‐infection within 48 h of COVID‐19 diagnosis. The main outcome was the proportion of patients with a respiratory viral co‐infection. The systematic review was registered to PROSPERO (CRD42021272235). Out of 6053 initially retrieved studies, 59 studies with a total of 16,643 SARS‐CoV‐2 positive patients were included. The global pooled prevalence was 5.01% (95% CI 3.34%–7.27%; I2 = 95%) based on a random‐effects model, with Influenza Viruses (1.54%) and Enteroviruses (1.32%) being the most prevalent pathogens. Subgroup analyses showed that co‐infection was significantly higher in paediatric (9.39%) than adult (3.51%) patients (p‐value = 0.02). Furthermore, co‐infected patients were more likely to be dyspnoeic and the odds of fatality (OR = 1.66) were increased. Although a relatively low proportion of COVID‐19 patients have a respiratory viral co‐infection, our findings show that multiplex viral panel testing may be advisable in patients with compatible symptoms. Indeed, respiratory virus co‐infections may be associated with adverse clinical outcomes and therefore have therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Lotus Seed Starch: A Novel Functional Ingredient with Promising Properties and Applications in Food—A Review
Authors: Dhull Sanju Bala , Chandak Ankita , Collins Maurice N. , Bangar Sneh Punia , Chawla Prince , Singh Ajay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) seeds are rich in nutrients and mainly used for food and medicinal applications. The seeds are an important food item in many countries and are generally considered a low glycemic index food. Starch is a major component of lotus seeds and may amount to over 50% of the dry weight. The quality of lotus seed products is mainly determined their starch properties, such as gelatinization and retrogradation. This review comprehensively summarizes recent developments in isolation, modifications, and applications of lotus seed starch (LS). This survey highlights different properties of native and modified LS in comparison with other starches. Native LS has been found with high amylose content (20–35%), high peak gelatinization temperatures (>70 °C), and pasting temperatures (>75 °C). The high amylose content has contributed to lower swelling power and fast retrogradation of LS. The modification of LS has been done using different methods, including thermal, microwave, high pressure, chemical, and enzymatic processing for functionality improvement. Native and modified LS have promising potential to be a valuable functional ingredient in different food and other applications. Finally, an outlook on the future possibilities for utilization of LS is provided.
Energy metabolism in mammalian sperm motility
Authors: Amaral Alexandra 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMammalian sperm, the only cells that achieve their purpose outside their organism of origin, have to swim vigorously within the female reproductive tract to reach an oocyte. Flagellar dyneins drive sperm motility, which accounts for the consumption of high amounts of ATP. The two main ATP‐producing metabolic pathways are compartmentalized in sperm: oxidative phosphorylation in the midpiece and glycolysis in the principal piece. The relative preponderance of these pathways has been discussed for decades (the so‐called sperm energy debate). The debate has been muddled by species‐specific variances and by technical constraints. But recent findings suggest that sperm from most mammalian species employ a versatile metabolic strategy to maintain motility according to the physiological environment. Different metabolic pathways likely coordinate by using exogenous and/or endogenous substrates in order to produce ATP efficiently. Defects in any of these pathways (glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, Krebs cycle, fatty acids oxidation, and ketone bodies oxidation, among others) may disturb sperm motility and be at the origin of male infertility. Understanding sperm bioenergetics is thus crucial for building new diagnostic tools, and for the development of treatments for patients presenting with low sperm motility. Some of these patients may benefit from personalized metabolic supplementations and dietary interventions.This article is categorized under:
Reproductive System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
Electromagnetic signals of inelastic dark matter scattering
Authors: Baryakhtar Masha , Berlin Asher , Liu Hongwan , Weiner Neal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Light dark sectors in thermal contact with the Standard Model can naturally produce the observed relic dark matter abundance and are the targets of a broad experimental search program. A key light dark sector model is the pseudo-Dirac fermion with a dark photon mediator. The dynamics of the fermionic excited states are often neglected. We consider scenarios in which a nontrivial abundance of excited states is produced and their subsequent de-excitation yields interesting electromagnetic signals in direct detection experiments. We study three mechanisms of populating the excited state: a primordial excited fraction, a component up-scattered in the Sun, and a component up-scattered in the Earth. We find that the fractional abundance of primordial excited states is generically depleted to exponentially small fractions in the early universe. Nonetheless, this abundance can produce observable signals in current dark matter searches. MeV-scale dark matter with thermal cross sections and higher can be probed by down-scattering following excitation in the Sun. Up-scatters of GeV-scale dark matter in the Earth can give rise to signals in current and upcoming terrestrial experiments and X-ray observations. We comment on the possible relevance of these scenarios to the recent excess in XENON1T.
50 Years of translation structures
Authors: Lunardon Guglielmo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper the term translation structure will denote any geometric object canonically constructed from an elementary abelian group. Hence, translation weak affine spaces, translation planes, linear sets, translation ovoids of polar spaces, translation generalized quadrangles and linear MRD-codes are examples of translation structures. I will present my personal excursus in the theory of finite translation structures, from the pioneering times of B. Segre, A. Barlotti and G. Tallini to these days. My aim is not to give a complete survey of the known results but to describe the influence of translation structures in proofs or disproofs of some conjectures in different areas of Finite Geometries and how valuable tool they were giving significant contributions in different areas of Discrete Mathematics.
Einfluss der Arbeitsbedingungen und des Gehalts auf die Leiharbeit für Intermediate-Care- und Intensivstationen
Authors: Hermes C. , Blanck-Köster K. , Gaidys U. , Rost E. , Petersen-Ewert C. 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundLeiharbeit in der Pflege wird als Arbeitsform verwendet, um offenen Personalstellen in Kliniken zu begegnen. Sowohl Krankenhausträger als auch Pflegekräfte sehen dies aus unterschiedlichen Gründen kritisch.ZielZweck dieser Untersuchung war es herauszufinden, welches persönliche Nettoeinkommen Pflegekräfte von deutschen Intensivstationen und Intermediate-Care-Stationen als „gerecht und ausreichend“ für ihre Tätigkeit empfinden und welchen Einfluss das Gehalt auf die Wechselwilligkeit in die Leih‑/Zeitarbeit bzw. wieder zurück in eine Festanstellung haben.MethodeVon September bis Oktober 2020 wurde eine anonymisierte Onlineumfrage unter Pflegenden von Intermediate-Care-Stationen, Intensivstationen und Funktionsbereichen im deutschsprachigen Raum durchgeführt. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels deskriptiver Statistik.ErgebnisVon 1203 Teilnehmer_innen (TN) konnten 1036 (86 %) in Deutschland Arbeitende ausgewertet werden. Die Frage nach dem persönlichen Nettoeinkommen wurde von 1032 (99 %) TN beantwortet. Der überwiegende Anteil der Befragten (n = 522) gibt an, über ein persönliches Nettoeinkommen von 2000–2999 €/Monat zu verfügen. Der Wunsch, in die Leiharbeit zu gehen, ist in der untersuchten Stichprobe geringer, je höher das persönliche Nettoeinkommen ist. Die TN in Festanstellung ohne Nebenerwerb empfinden ein persönliches Nettoeinkommen von 3200 €/Monat (Median 3200 €; IQR 2800–3800 €) als ausreichend und gerecht für ihre Tätigkeit. Von den Leiharbeiter_innen gaben 142 Personen an, dass ein persönliches Nettoeinkommen von 3200 €/Monat (Median 3200 €; Interquartilsabstand 3000–3950 €) ausreichend wäre, um von der Leiharbeit zurück in eine Festanstellung zu wechseln.SchlussfolgerungDie Intensivpflegenden dieser Umfrage empfinden ein Gehalt von 3200 €/Monat netto als ausreichend und gerecht für ihre Tätigkeit. Die Gehaltshöhe kann ein Parameter für die Entscheidung sein, in die Leiharbeit zu gehen, aber auch um wieder in die Festanstellung zu wechseln. Unabhängig vom Gehalt wurden bessere Arbeitsbedingungen für alle befragten Gruppen als essenzieller Bestandteil in Bezug auf die Arbeitszufriedenheit angegeben.
Anterior ankle impingment syndrome is less frequent, but associated with a longer absence and higher re-injury rate compared to posterior syndrome: a prospective cohort study of 6754 male professional soccer players
Authors: D’Hooghe Pieter , Waldén Markus , Hägglund Martin , Bengtsson Håkan , Ekstrand Jan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To study the epidemiology and return to play characteristics of anterior and posterior ankle impingement syndromes (AAIS and PAIS) over 18 consecutive seasons in male professional soccer players.

Methods
Between the 2001–2002 and 2018–2019 seasons, 120 European soccer teams were followed prospectively for various seasons. Time loss injuries and player exposures were recorded individually in 6754 unique players. Injury incidence and burden were reported as the number of injuries and days absence per 1000 h with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Injury severity was reported as median absence in days with the interquartile range (IQR).

Results
Out of 25,462 reported injuries, 93 (0.4%) were diagnosed as AAIS (38%) or PAIS (62%) in 77 players. AAIS and PAIS were similar regarding injury characteristics except for a greater proportion of AAIS having a gradual onset (69% vs.47%; P = 0.03) and being re-injuries (31% vs. 9%; P = 0.01). Impingement syndromes resulted in an overall incidence of 0.03 injuries (95% CI 0.02–0.03) per 1000 h and an injury burden of 0.4 absence days per 1000 h. PAIS incidence was significantly higher than that for AAIS [0.02 (95% CI 0.002–0.03) vs. 0.01 (95% CI 0.005–0.01) injuries per 1000 h (RR = 1.7). The absence was significantly longer in AAIS than in PAIS [10 (22) vs. 6 (11) days; P = 0.023]. Impingement syndromes that presented with a gradual onset had longer absences in comparison to impingement with an acute onset [8 (22) vs. 5 (11) days; P = 0.014]. Match play was associated with a higher incidence and greater injury burden than training: 0.08 vs. 0.02 injuries per 1000 h (RR 4.7), respectively, and 0.9 vs. 0.3 days absence per 1000 h (RR 2.5).

Conclusion
Ankle injuries are frequent in men’s professional soccer and ankle impingement is increasingly recognized as a common source of pain, limited range of motion, and potential time loss. In our study, ankle impingement was the cause of time loss in less than 0.5% of all injuries. PAIS was more frequently reported than AAIS, but AAIS was associated with more absence days and a higher re-injury rate than PAIS. The findings in this study can assist the physician in best practice management on ankle impingment syndromes in professional football.

Level of evidence
II.
Drug loss from Paclitaxel-Coated Balloons During Preparation, Insertion and Inflation for Angioplasty: A Laboratory Investigation
Authors: Faenger Bernd , Heinrich Andreas , Hilger Ingrid , Teichgräber Ulf 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate drug contamination of the working environment with paclitaxel drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty due to loss of paclitaxel containing particles from the coating during DCB preparation, insertion, and inflation.

Material and Methods
In an experimetal laboratory setting, drug loss during removal of the protective cover and insertion of the DCB through the hemostatic valve of the introducer sheath and after inflation was examined. In seven DCB types of different manufacturers, semi-quantitative image analysis was performed during five standardized tests cycles. Additionally, every DCB type passed one cycle of a wipe test and one cycle of air sampling.

Results
By removing the protective cover, the paclitaxel-covered balloon surface was significantly reduced in 3 out of 7 products (P = 0.043). Overall, extend of decline ranged from 0.4 to 12%. In 6 of 7 products, powdered paclitaxel clusters dropped down upon removal of the protective cover (0.099 ng/cm2 up to approx. 22 ng/cm2). Contamination of the air was detected in none of the DCB types. When pushed through the vascular sheath, none of the investigated DCB types showed a significant loss of paclitaxel from the coated balloon surface. After balloon inflation, the paclitaxel-coated surface area varied between manufacturers ranging from 25.9 to 97.8%.

Conclusion
In some DCB types, the removal of the protective cover already leads to a significant loss of paclitaxel and paclitaxel-coated surfaces. As a result, there will be a contamination of the workplace and a reduction in the therapeutic dose.

Level of Evidence
No level of evidence.
Predictive Factors for Sustained Pain after (sub)acute Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures. Combined Results from the VERTOS II and VERTOS IV Trial
Authors: Firanescu Cristina E. , Venmans Alexander , de Vries Jolanda , Lodder Paul , Schoemaker Marinus C. , Smeets Albert J. , Donga Esther , Juttmann Job R. , Schonenberg Karen , Klazen Caroline A. H. , Elgersma Otto E. H. , Jansen Frits H. , Fransen Hendrik , Hirsch Joshua A. , Lohle Paul N. M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures are treated conservatively or in selected cases with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV). The purpose of this retrospective analysis is to determine predictive factors for a high visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score after conservative, sham or PV and is based on previously published randomized trials.

Methods
The VERTOS II compared conservative versus PV, and VERTOS IV compared sham versus PV treatment. The conservative group received pain medication. The sham and PV group received subcutaneous lidocaine/bupivacaine. In addition, the PV group received cementation, which was simulated in the sham group. Nineteen different predictors of high (≥ 5) versus low (< 5) VAS pain score at 12 months were investigated.

Results
20.7% of patients in the PV group demonstrated a VAS ≥ 5 at the 12-month, compared to 40.1% in the conservative or sham group, with a significant difference (χ2(1) = 15.26, p < 0.0001, OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.59 to 4.15). In the subgroup analysis, we detected five predictors for the risk of high pain scores (VAS ≥ 5 after 12 months follow-up), namely: female, baseline VAS > 8, long-term baseline pain, mild/severe Genant and new fractures.

Conclusions
Statistically significant more patients had a high pain score at 12 months in the sham and conservative group when compared with the PV group. Five predictors were identified for sustained high local back pain, regardless of the received treatment. Patients with moderate fracture deformity were less likely to have high pain scores at 12 months if they received PV than if they had sham or conservative therapy.
Microbotanical signatures of kreb: differentiating inflorescence phytoliths from northern African wild grasses
Authors: Le Moyne Charles , Fuller Dorian Q. , Crowther Alison 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThroughout northern Africa, evidence for an intensification of wild grass gathering is reflected in Holocene archaeological contexts. However, both the recovery of macrobotanical assemblages and the specificity of their taxonomic classification are heavily influenced by food processing and post-depositional conditions. In contrast, inflorescence phytoliths provide high levels of taxonomic specificity and preserve well in most archaeological contexts. This study analyses the in situ morphology of inflorescence phytoliths from modern specimens of nine wild C4 grass species commonly observed in ethnographic studies and recovered in seed assemblages from archaeological contexts across northern Africa. Morphological differences in Interdigitate phytoliths within the fertile florets of six Paniceae species enabled differentiation between them. The morphological parameters established in this study provide an additional resource for archaeological and palaeoecological analyses using phytoliths, which demonstrates the effectiveness of applying this method to African wild grass species.
Animal models of pediatric abusive head trauma
Authors: Finnie John W. , Blumbergs Peter C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Abusive head trauma (AHT), previously known as the shaken baby syndrome, is a severe and potentially fatal form of traumatic brain injury in infant children who have been shaken, and sometimes also sustained an additional head impact. The clinical and autopsy findings in AHT are not pathognomonic and, due to frequent obfuscation by perpetrators, the circumstances surrounding the alleged abuse are often unclear. The concept has evolved that the finding of the combination of subdural hemorrhage, brain injury, and retinal hemorrhages (“the triad”) is the result of shaking of an infant (“shaken baby syndrome”) and has led to the ongoing controversy whether shaking alone is able to generate sufficient force to produce these lesions.

Objective
In an attempt to investigate whether shaking can engender this lesion triad, animal models have been developed in laboratory rodents and domestic animal species. This review assesses the utility of these animal models to reliably reproduce human AHT pathology and evaluate the effects of shaking on the immature brain.

Results
Due largely to irreconcilable anatomic species differences between these animal brains and human infants, and a lack of resemblance of the experimental head shaking induced by mechanical devices to real-world human neurotrauma, no animal model has been able to reliably reproduce the full range of neuropathologic AHT changes.

Conclusion
Some animal models can simulate specific brain and ophthalmic lesions found in human AHT cases and provide useful information on their pathogenesis. Moreover, one animal model demonstrated that shaking of a freely mobile head, without an additional head impact, could be lethal, and produce significant brain pathology.
Pre-operative radiotherapy is associated with superior local relapse-free survival in advanced synovial sarcoma
Authors: Scheer Monika , Hallmen Erika , Vokuhl Christian , Fuchs Jörg , Tunn Per-Ulf , Münter Marc , Timmermann Beate , Bauer Sebastian , Henssen Anton George , Kazanowska Bernarda , Niggli Felix , Ladenstein Ruth , Ljungman Gustaf , Eggert Angelika , Klingebiel Thomas , Koscielniak Ewa ,   Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe [CWS]
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Optimization of local therapies in synovial sarcoma (SS) considered unresectable at diagnosis is needed. We evaluated the effects of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant radiation versus surgery only on long-term outcomes.

Methods
Patients with macroscopic SS tumors before chemotherapy (IRS-group-III) in the trials CWS-81, CWS-86, CWS-91, CWS-96, CWS-2002-P and SoTiSaR-registry were analyzed. Local therapies were scheduled after 3 neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles.

Results
Median age of 145 patients was 14.5 years. 106 survivors had median follow-up of 7.0 years. Tumor site was 96 extremities, 19 head–neck, 16 shoulder/hip, 14 trunk. Tumors were < 3 cm in 16, 3–5 cm in 28, 5–10 cm in 55, > 10 cm in 34 patients. In a secondary resection during chemotherapy, R0-status was accomplished in 82, R1 in 30, R2 in 21 (12 missing). Radiotherapy was administered to 115 (R0 61, R1 29, R2 20, missing 5), thereof 57 before and 52 after tumor resection. 23 were treated with surgery only. For all patients, 5 year event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was 68.9% ± 7.6 (95%CI) and 79.1% ± 6.9. To establish independent significance, tumor site, size, surgical results and sequencing of local therapies were analyzed in a Cox regression analysis. Variables associated with EFS and OS are site, size and sequencing of local therapies. Variables associated with local recurrence are site, surgical results and sequencing of local therapies. The only variable associated with suffering metastatic recurrence is tumor size.

Conclusion
Differences in sequencing of local therapy procedures are independently associated with outcomes. Best local control is achieved when tumors are irradiated pre-operatively and undergo R0 or R1 resection thereafter.
Bacteria and protozoa with pathogenic potential in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Viennese recreational areas
Authors: Schötta Anna-Margarita , Stelzer Theresa , Stanek Gerold , Stockinger Hannes , Wijnveld Michiel 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIxodes ricinus is the most relevant vector for tick-borne diseases in Austria and responsible for the transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s. l.), which causes Lyme borreliosis in humans; however, also other bacteria and protozoa can be found in ticks and have the potential of infecting people and animals. In this study we collected ticks in popular recreational areas in the city of Vienna in the years 2019 and 2020 and analyzed them for the presence of such putative pathogenic microorganisms. By using reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization we detected DNA of B. burgdorferi s. l., Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp., Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis (CNM) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Moreover, we also screened them for the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia miyamotoi employing real-time PCR. The most frequently detected pathogens were B. burgdorferi s. l. in 28.6% of the ticks in 2019 and 21.3% of the ticks in 2020. The genus Rickettsia was detected in 13.8% of the ticks from 2019 and only in 4.6% from 2020. Babesia spp. were detected in 5.7% in 2019 and 4.2% in 2020. Furthermore, we detected CNM in 4.0% (2019) and 5.6% (2020), A. phagocytophilum in 0.5% (2019) and 1.3% (2020) and finally B. miyamotoi in 3.3% (2019) and 1.7% (2020). Collectively, we show that various microorganisms are prevalent in ticks collected in Vienna and identify hotspots for B. miyamotoi, which we have detected for the first time in the city.