bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localized magnetic field in the O(N) model
Authors: Cuomo Gabriel , Komargodski Zohar , Mezei Márk 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We consider the critical O(N) model in the presence of an external magnetic field localized in space. This setup can potentially be realized in quantum simulators and in some liquid mixtures. The external field can be understood as a relevant perturbation of the trivial line defect, and thus triggers a defect Renormalization Group (RG) flow. In agreement with the g-theorem, the external localized field leads at long distances to a stable nontrivial defect CFT (DCFT) with g < 1. We obtain several predictions for the corresponding DCFT data in the epsilon expansion and in the large N limit. The analysis of the large N limit involves a new saddle point and, remarkably, the study of fluctuations around it is enabled by recent progress in AdS loop diagrams. Our results are compatible with results from Monte Carlo simulations and we make several predictions that can be tested in the future.
Stellenwert wasserbezogener Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen bei Stomaträgern
Authors: Putz Juliane , Borkowetz Angelika , Schlumberger Gina Benita , Huber Johannes , Thomas Christian 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Anlage eines Hautstomas nach exenterativen Beckeneingriffen stellt für Betroffene einen drastischen Einschnitt in die körperliche Integrität dar. Vielfach führen ästhetische und funktionelle Bedenken dazu, dass wasserbezogene Angebote zur Rehabilitation nicht genutzt werden.

Fragestellung
Ziel war es, im Rahmen des Pilotprojekts „UROAquaFIT“ die Möglichkeit einer wasserbezogenen Rehabilitationsmaßnahme für Patienten nach Zystektomie mit inkontinenter Harnableitung zu evaluieren.

Methode
Im Rahmen des Pilotkurses „UROAquaFIT“ wurde Patienten nach radikaler Zystektomie mit inkontinenter Harnableitung die Möglichkeit einer wasserbezogenen Rehabilitationsmaßnahme angeboten. Aufgeteilt in Kleingruppen erfolgte ein Wassergymnastikkurs unter Anleitung einer Physiotherapeutin und einer Stomatherapeutin unter ärztlicher Aufsicht. Daten zur Lebensqualität und der persönlichen Beurteilung des Kurses mittels Fragebögen wurden vor Beginn und 6 Monate nach Kursende erhoben und qualitativ ausgewertet. Darüber hinaus erfolgte eine Literaturrecherche (MEDLINE) zum Thema Aquagymnastik in der Onkologie.

Ergebnis und Diskussion
Das Kursangebot wurde von allen Teilnehmern als durchweg positiv und bereichernd empfunden. Wohlbefinden und Selbstwertgefühl der Probanden konnten gesteigert werden. Wassergymnastik unter gezielter physio- und stomatherapeutischer Anleitung kann somit eine höchst effektive Rehabilitationsmaßnahme für Patienten nach inkontinenter Harnableitung darstellen. Darüber hinaus stärkt sie die körperliche Integrität der Betroffenen und erweitert somit die Möglichkeiten der sozialen Reintegration. Diese Form der Therapie sollte als fester Baustein in der Rehabilitation nach exenterativen Beckeneingriffen mit Stomaanlage verankert werden.
A Detailed PAH and Soot Model for Complex Fuels in CFD Applications
Authors: Eigentler Florian , Gerlinger Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA model to predict soot evolution during the combustion of complex fuels is presented. On one hand, gas phase, $$\hbox {polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)}$$

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)

and soot chemistry are kept large enough to cover all relevant processes in aero engines. On the other hand, the mechanisms are reduced as far as possible, to enable complex computational fluid dynamics (CFD) combustion simulations. This is important because all species transport equations are solved directly in the $$\hbox {CFD}$$
CFD
. Moreover, emphasis is placed on the applicability of the model for a variety of fuels and operating conditions without adjusting it. A kinetic scheme is derived to describe the chemical breakdown of short- and long-chain hydrocarbon fuels and even blends of them. $$\hbox {PAHs}$$
PAHs
are the primary soot precursors which are modeled by a sectional approach. The reversibility of the interaction between different $$\hbox {PAH}$$
PAH
classes is achieved by the introduction of $$\hbox {PAH}$$
PAH
radicals. Soot particles are captured by a detailed sectional approach too, which takes a non-spherical growth of particles into account. In this way the modeling of surface processes is improved. The applicability and validity of the gas phase, $$\hbox {PAH}$$
PAH
, and soot model is demonstrated by a large number of shock tube experiments, as well as in atmospheric laminar sooting flames. The presented model achieves excellent results for a wide range of operating conditions and fuels. One set of model constants is used for all simulations and no case-dependent optimization is required.
Enhancement of physico-chemical, optical, dielectric and antimicrobial properties of polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose blend films by addition of silver doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles
Authors: Nasrallah Doaa A. , Ibrahim Manar A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHydroxyapatite nanoparticles doped with silver AgHA-NPs were synthesized successfully then added with various mass fractions to a mixed solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) using the casting technique. Experimentally, the influence of silver doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the structural, optical, dielectric and antimicrobial properties of nanocomposite films was investigated. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy were used to explore the structural features of these films. The XRD analysis revealed the amorphous nature of PVA/CMC blend and the intensity of the characteristic peak of the virgin polymers in the nanocomposite spectrum being much reduced as the doping level was increased. The FT-IR spectra indicated that the blend components were miscible by revealing the functional groups of two polymers that interacted through the formation of a hydrogen bond while, the FT-IR spectra of nanocomposite confirmed the good interaction between the blend chains and AgHA-NPs. The morphological graphs of the prepared blend were formed as hexagonal grains with size distribution around 18.36–24.11 μm. The addition of AgHA-NPs changed the surface morphology of the blend significantly. The optical properties of PVA/ CMC blend and nanocomposites films were measured in the 200–800 nm wavelength range. Optical measurements showed that the optical transmittance for pure blend was nearly 90% while it decreased to 50% with increasing AgHA-NPs contents up to 40 wt.%. The energy gap values calculated by Tauc's model and those determined by ASF model are consistent, where their values reduced by AgHA-NPs incorporation. The dielectric constant of all samples were studied in range of temperatures (303–405 K) and from100 kHz to 1.0 MHz, range of frequencies. The Correlated Barrier Hopping (CBH) is the most appropriate conduction mechanism based on the frequency dependence of the ac conductivity. Silver ion release was examined showed that he film loaded with 10 wt.% AgHA-NPs has a small release of silver ion, while the amount of the Ag+ released from the samples increased slowly with increasing the content of AgHA-NPs. PVA/CMC/AgHA films were tested for antibacterial activity against both (Bacillus subtilis) and (Escherichia coli) as well as the anti-fungal activity against (Candida albicans),their results showing an increase in the activity index as the filling level of AgHA-NPs increases. The study confirmed that doping of AgHA-NPs into PVA/CMC improves both electrical conductivity and antimicrobial efficiency and these nanocomposites might be recommended for further work in biomedical applications such as wound dressing and infection control.
Methodology for the integrative adaption of manufacturing process and inspection sequences to component changes of safety–critical medical products
Authors: Stauder Lars , Knott Anna-Lena , Schmitt Robert H. , Bergs Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEver-shorter product lifecycles and more frequently changing customer demands challenge manufacturing companies to change their products and the components these products are composed of in ever-shorter periods. As a result, the existing manufacturing process and inspection sequences (MPISs) of the corresponding components must be adapted. Particularly in the production of safety–critical components, such as in the medical industries, component changes represent a major challenge, as very high quality requirements are placed on the components and a costly re-certification of the adapted processes is necessary. Due to the high quality requirements, not only the manufacturing process but also the inspection processes must be adapted for the realization of a component change. Furthermore, a high degree of planning reliability is necessary when deriving adaptations of MPISs for component changes to keep the re-certification effort and adaptation costs for safety–critical components as low as possible. Therefore, a methodology is introduced for the integrative derivation of adaptation options of MPISs due to component changes that supports users in identifying suitable adaptations in a systematic and time-efficient way. The methodology is successfully applied to a use case from the medical industry and supports users in identifying adaptations in established MPISs to implement a component change.
‘There’s Just Something Really Peaceful About It’: a Qualitative Exploration of Mothers with Young Children and Engagement in Group-Based Physical Activity Programs
Authors: Peralta Louisa R. , Yager Zali , Prichard Ivanka 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Many mothers with young children often do not achieve recommendations of at least 150-min moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) each week. Previous qualitative work has generally focused on getting inactive mothers with young children to be active, so the characteristics of women who are active during early postpartum period are not well understood. This research set out to capture the characteristics of mothers with young children who engage in MVPA and how these women manage barriers and harness enablers to sustain in engagement in physical activity (PA) over an extended period.

Method
Thirty-two participants ranging in age from 27 to 42 years (35.2 ± 4.8), with age of their youngest child ranging from 6 weeks old to 5 years, participated in semi-structured interviews.

Results
Inductive thematic analysis revealed three overarching themes and fourteen sub-themes relating to the characteristics of active mothers with young children and the engagement and maintenance factors that recruit and sustain these women in group-based physical activity programs. Specifically, mothers with young children relish a welcoming and supportive environment that accommodates babies and young children, is affordable and convenient, focuses on building strength and functionality, and is non-judgmental.

Conclusion
These findings advance knowledge by providing considerations and recommendations that support intervention and program designers to be able to develop group-based physical activity programs for mothers with young children.
Validation of a Developed Enterprise Architecture Framework for Digitalisation of Smart Cities: a Mixed-Mode Approach
Authors: Jnr Bokolo Anthony , Petersen Sobah Abbas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo support smart cities in aligning information technology (IT) and business strategies to achieve urban digitalization, this study aims to present an Enterprise Architecture Framework (EAF) to facilitate the digitalization of urban environments. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was employed to design a research model, and a mixed-mode methodology was employed. Quantitative data from survey questionnaires was used to gather data from practitioners in enterprises within Norway and Ireland that currently adopt Enterprise Architecture (EA) in a smart city project to empirically validate the developed EAF. Additionally, the developed EAF layers were validated through a qualitative focus group workshop with participants that utilize the developed EAF to provide digital services in smart cities. The findings suggest that the developed EAF can aid enterprises that provided digital services in identifying and assessing their digitalization initiatives and how EA benefits can be realized. Drawing on the TAM, the developed research model presents factors that influence practitioner’s adoption of EA towards the digitalization of urban environments. More importantly, this study provides empirically validated research on EAF adoption which is scarce.
Predicting global numbers of teleomorphic ascomycetes
Authors: Senanayake Indunil C. , Pem Dhandevi , Rathnayaka Achala R. , Wijesinghe Subodini N. , Tibpromma Saowaluck , Wanasinghe Dhanushka N. , Phookamsak Rungtiwa , Kularathnage Nuwan D. , Gomdola Deecksha , Harishchandra Dulanjalee , Dissanayake Lakmali S. , Xiang Mei-mei , Ekanayaka Anusha H. , McKenzie Eric H. C. , Hyde Kevin D. , Zhang Hao-xing , Xie Ning 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSexual reproduction is the basic way to form high genetic diversity and it is beneficial in evolution and speciation of fungi. The global diversity of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota has not been estimated. This paper estimates the species number for sexual ascomycetes based on five different estimation approaches, viz. by numbers of described fungi, by fungus:substrate ratio, by ecological distribution, by meta-DNA barcoding or culture-independent studies and by previous estimates of species in Ascomycota. The assumptions were made with the currently most accepted, “2.2–3.8 million” species estimate and results of previous studies concluding that 90% of the described ascomycetes reproduce sexually. The Catalogue of Life, Species Fungorum and published research were used for data procurement. The average value of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota from all methods is 1.86 million, ranging from 1.37 to 2.56 million. However, only around 83,000 teleomorphic species have been described in Ascomycota and deposited in data repositories. The ratio between described teleomorphic ascomycetes to predicted teleomorphic ascomycetes is 1:22. Therefore, where are the undiscovered teleomorphic ascomycetes? The undescribed species are no doubt to be found in biodiversity hot spots, poorly-studied areas and species complexes. Other poorly studied niches include extremophiles, lichenicolous fungi, human pathogens, marine fungi, and fungicolous fungi. Undescribed species are present in unexamined collections in specimen repositories or incompletely described earlier species. Nomenclatural issues, such as the use of separate names for teleomorph and anamorphs, synonyms, conspecific names, illegitimate and invalid names also affect the number of described species. Interspecies introgression results in new species, while species numbers are reduced by extinctions.
A New Termitophilous Genus of Paederinae Rove Beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from the Neotropics and Its Phylogenetic Position
Authors: Żyła Dagmara , Bogri Amalia , Hansen Aslak Kappel , Jenkins Shaw Josh , Kypke Janina , Solodovnikov Alexey 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We describe a new genus and species of Paederinae rove beetles, Ruptor cordatus gen. et sp. nov., which lives in the arboreal nests of the termite Labiotermes labralis (Holmgren, 1906) in the Amazon lowlands of Peru. The morphology of Ruptor gen. nov. is highly derived, apparently due to its close association with the termite host, and thus, morphologically, the genus cannot be classified further than Lathrobiini incertae sedis. In order to address the sister-group relationships of Ruptor gen. nov., we conducted a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on seven gene fragments. The analysis indeed resolved the genus as a member of the tribe Lathrobiini and placed it nested within the informal clade of ‘Medonina and allied taxa’. We provide a morphological comparison of the new genus with all known myrmeco- and termitophilous representatives of the subfamily, and to the extent possible, we illustrate other relevant and poorly known Neotropical Paederinae inquilines.
A Call-to-Action for Clinicians to Implement Evidence-Based Best Practices When Caring for Women with Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Leyland Nicholas , Leonardi Mathew , Murji Ally , Singh Sukhbir S. , Al-Hendy Ayman , Bradley Linda 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUterine fibroids are common benign tumors that occur in up to 80% of women. Approximately half of the women affected experience considerable physical, psychological, and economic burdens and impact on quality of life due to symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and infertility. Several medical and surgical options are available to treat uterine fibroids; however, healthcare providers may benefit from practical guidance in the development of individualized treatment plans based on a personalized approach. Medical treatments and minimally invasive procedures are generally preferred by most patients before considering more invasive, higher risk surgical interventions. In general, patient-centered, uterine-preserving procedures may be prioritized based on the patient’s goals and the clinical scenario. Occasionally, hysterectomy may be the preferred treatment option for some patients who require definitive treatment. This call-to-action highlights recent challenges to patient care, including radical shifts in physician–patient interactions due to the COVID-19 pandemic and recent changes to evidence-based, clinically approved therapies. This report also reviews contemporary recommendations for women’s health providers in the diagnosis and medical and surgical management of uterine fibroids. This call-to-action aims to empower healthcare providers to optimize the quality of care for women with uterine fibroids utilizing the best available evidence and best practices.
Interaction between biological parameters of Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) and some phytochemical metabolites in different citrus species
Authors: Shirinbeik Mohajer Sheila , Golizadeh Ali , Hassanpour Mahdi , Fathi Seyed Ali Asghar , Sedaratian-Jahromi Amin , Abedi Zahra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe citrus red mite, Panonychus citri McGregor, is a key pest of different citrus species in various parts of the world. Considering the key role of resistant host plants in integrated pest management strategies, we evaluated the effects of five citrus species including grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), lime (Citrus aurantifolia), tangerine (Citrus reticulata), orange (Citrus sinensis), and sour orange (Citrus aurantium) on life table parameters of P. citri under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% RH, 16:8 L:D). In addition, biochemical traits of the citrus plant species were evaluated in order to understand any possible relationship between important life history parameters with biochemical metabolites of citrus plant leaves. Phytochemicals were determined in leaf extract of citrus plant species. Various citrus species had significant effects on life history and demographical parameters of P. citri. The longest pre-adult time was observed on grapefruit (16.52 ± 0.43 days). Higher fecundity rate was on orange (15.05 ± 2.41 eggs) and tangerine (14.60 ± 3.07 eggs) and the lowest was on grapefruit (7.21 ± 2.00 eggs). The highest intrinsic rate of increase (r) was recorded as 0.071 (day−1) on tangerine, and the lowest value of this parameter was obtained on grapefruit (0.016 day−1). Significant correlations were observed between life history parameters with biochemical metabolites (carbohydrate, phenolic compounds, anthocyanin, and flavonoid). The results revealed that grapefruit was a relatively resistant host plant and tangerine was the most suitable host plant for feeding of P. citri. Our findings could be helpful for sustainable management of P. citri in citrus orchards.
FromThe Good EarthtoMother India: esthetic circulations of peasant womanhood between India and China
Authors: Grewal Anup 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe mid-1920s to the 1950s witnessed the uneasy imbrication of the rural, the peasantry, and women as symbols and subjects of the nation in the era of anti colonial and socialist movements in both India and China. This essay examines this rural/peasant/woman nexus within conflicting representations of the peasant woman as embodiment of the nation's past, present and future, to map a range of connected global political-aesthetic imaginations of Indian and Chinese nationhood. A close analysis of the convergence of three texts – Pearl Buck's novel,The Good Earth(1931), Katherine Mayo's polemic,Mother India(1927), and Indian director Mehboob Khan's re-staging and transformation of both in his 1957 film,Mother India– opens up to a wider set of entangled Indian and Chinese co-texts within an expanded space of global aesthetic circulation. Together, these texts reveal a contested history of representations of the rural, the peasantry, and women in projections of Indian and Chinese national becoming that, in the end, cannot be easily recuperated or consolidated within singular nation-state narratives.
Inter‐Annual Variability of the Along‐Shore Lagrangian Transport Success in the Southern Benguela Current Upwelling System
Authors: Ragoasha Moagabo Natalie , Herbette Steven , Veitch Jennifer , Cambon Gildas , Reason Chris J. C. , Roy Claude 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 3‐km resolution regional ocean model is used to investigate the role of wind‐driven coastal circulation and mesoscale variability on the inter‐annual variability of transport success in the southern Benguela between Cape Point (34°S) and St Helena Bay (32°S) from 1992 to 2011. Lagrangian particles are released within the top 100 m of the water column along an across‐shore transect off Cape Point. Transport success is given by the ratio of the number of particles that reach St Helena Bay over the total number of particles released. The analysis of transport success anomalies and their relationship with the local circulation and wind forcing reveal that there is no single driver of the inter‐annual variability. The transport success variability of particles released on the shelf (depths <300 m) mainly depends on their capacity to remain embedded within the coastal Benguela Jet. Nevertheless, peaks in offshore Ekman transport and episodic occurrence of a poleward inner‐shelf counter‐current contribute to negative anomalies. For particles released on the outer shelf edge (depths >500 m), across‐shore transports induced by mesoscale eddies are the main contributors to transport success variability. Rare passage of Agulhas rings near the shelf edge can induce strong offshore advection of particles into the open ocean. In contrast, shelf‐edge cyclonic eddies favor the onshore transport of particles originating from the outer shelf edge and thus contribute to increasing transport success.
Improved Representation of Extratropical Cyclone Structure in HighResMIP Models
Authors: Priestley Matthew D. K. , Catto Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGeneral circulation models are broadly able to capture the shape and structure of extratropical cyclones. Increased atmospheric resolution has been shown to improve the representation of cyclone structure. However, the intensity of cyclones, and the strength of their winds, are commonly underestimated in models. Using a cyclone compositing technique applied to the new generation HighResMIP and CMIP6 models, the representation of cyclone wind speeds and airstreams is quantified. CMIP6 models are able to capture the structure of cyclones, however winds associated with various airstreams within the cyclones are too weak. HighResMIP models show considerable improvements, with a majority of cyclone‐scale biases present in the CMIP6 models reduced in both winter and summer seasons in the Northern and Southern hemispheres. HighResMIP and CMIP6 models have similar biases on the large‐scale, with both struggling to represent the width of the upper‐level jet.