bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and evaluation of the influence of an alginate, cocoa and a bilayer alginate–cocoa coating on the quality of fresh‐cut oranges during storage
Authors: Glicerina Virginia , Siroli Lorenzo , Betoret Ester , Canali Giada , Dalla Rosa Marco , Lanciotti Rosalba , Romani Santina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFresh‐cut products are ready‐to‐use goods which retain the fresh characteristics of raw produce. However, numerous factors restrict the quality and shelf‐life of fresh‐cut products. One of the most promising, convenient and safe technologies to preserve the quality and to prolong the shelf‐life of fresh fruits and vegetables is the application of edible coatings.RESULTSThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different coatings (alginate‐based, cocoa‐based and a combination of them) on physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of fresh‐cut oranges during storage. Preliminary rheological analyses were performed on coatings in order to characterize them. The three different coated orange samples were packaged in polyethylene terephthalate trays under atmospheric conditions and stored for 9 days at 6 °C. During storage, all samples were analysed for water activity, moisture, colour, texture, microbiological analyses and sensory quality. Orange samples coated with sodium alginate maintained the highest quality characteristics in terms of texture and microbiological properties, but not from a sensory point of view. Samples coated only with cocoa presented very high sensory attributes, but the lowest microbiological and textural quality. Samples covered in both alginate and cocoa demonstrated the best quality parameters throughout the whole storage period, including high sensory characteristics and the lowest microbiological cell loads (yeast and mesophilic aerobic bacteria under the threshold limit of 6.0 log cfu g−1).CONCLUSIONThe bilayer coating represented the best solution in order to develop new ready to‐eat‐fresh oranges with both high textural and sensory attributes and prolonged shelf‐life. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Structural and emulsifying properties of soybean protein isolate glycated with glucose based on pH treatment
Authors: Sun Xiaotong , Cui Qiang , Li Rui , Hao Lianghuan , Liu Henglin , Wang Xibo , Xu Ning , Zhao Xinhuai 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSIn the present study, a glycosylated soybean protein with glucose was prepared after pH treatment under different conditions (5.0, 6.0 7.0, 8.0, 9.0) and the conformation and emulsifying properties of soybean protein isolate (SPI) and soybean protein isolate‐glucose (SPI‐G) were investigated.RESULTSThe degree of grafting (37.11%) and browning (39.2%) of SPI‐G conjugates were obtained at pH 9.0 (P < 0.05). The results of analysis of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the Maillard reaction between the SPI and glucose occurred and the natural rigid structure of test proteins was stretched and became looser, and thus the tertiary conformation was unfolding. Furthermore, the particle size of the all of samples was reduced under different pH conditions, indicating that pH treatment can increase the flexibility of SPI molecules. The proteins exhibited the best surface hydrophobicity, thermal stability and emulsifying activity (EA) of modified products when subjected to a pH treatment of 9.0, whereas they afforded the best emulsion stability (ES) at pH 8.0. There was a good correlation between the molecular flexibility and emulsifying properties of SPI‐G [0.963 (F:EA) and 0.879 (F:ES)] (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThe present study shows that the structural and emulsification characteristics of natural SPI and SPI‐G conjugates have been significantly enhanced via pH treatment and these results provide a theoretical guidance for the application of glycosylated SPI in the food industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Seasonal and trend forecasting of tourist arrivals: An adaptive multiscale ensemble learning approach
Authors: Xing Guangyuan , Sun Shaolong , Bi Dan , Guo Ju‐e , Wang Shouyang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, we propose an adaptive multiscale ensemble (AME) learning approach, which consists of variational mode decomposition (VMD) and least square support vector regression (LSSVR) for seasonal and trend forecasting of tourist arrivals. In the formulation of AME learning approach, the original tourist arrival series is decomposed into the trend, seasonal, and remaining volatility components. Then, ARIMA is used to forecast the trend component, SARIMA is used to forecast the seasonal component, and LSSVR is used to forecast the remaining volatility components. The empirical results demonstrate that our proposed AME learning approach can achieve higher forecasting accuracy.
Bereavement Practices Among Head and Neck Cancer Surgeons
Authors: Solis Roberto N. , Farber Nicole I. , Fairman Nathan , Yang Nuen T. , Taylor Sandra L. , Abouyared Marianne , Bewley Arnaud F. , Farwell D. Gregory , Birkeland Andrew C. 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesHead and neck cancer surgeons frequently interact with dying patients with advanced disease and their families, but little is known about their bereavement practices after a patient's death. The aim of this study is to elucidate the frequency of common bereavement practices, cited barriers to bereavement, and predictive physician factors that lead to an increase in bereavement practices among head and neck cancer surgeons.MethodsA 20‐item survey was sent to 827 active surgeons of the American Head and Neck Society. Approval was obtained and the survey was distributed through the American Head and Neck Society. Demographics, frequency of common bereavement practices, empathy, and barriers were assessed. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine physician factors associated with more frequent bereavement follow‐up.ResultsThere were 156 respondents (18.9% response rate). Overall, surgeons were more likely to usually/always call (48.5%) or send a letter (42.4%) compared with other practices such as attending funerals (0%), offering family meetings (18.6%), or referring family members to counseling (7.7%). Many barriers were cited as being at least somewhat important: being unaware about a patient's death (67.3%) was the most cited, whereas 51.3% cited a lack of mentorship/training in this area. Scoring higher on empathy questions (P ≤ .001) was associated with more frequent surgeon bereavement follow‐up with the family of deceased patients.ConclusionThere is substantial practice variation among surgeons suggesting a lack of consensus on their roles in bereavement follow‐up. Having higher empathy was predictive of higher engagement.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:1971–1975, 2022
Seasonally variable relationships between surface water temperature and inflow in the upper San Francisco Estuary
Authors: Bashevkin Samuel M. , Mahardja Brian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWater temperature and inflow are key environmental drivers in aquatic systems that are linked through a causal web of factors including climate, weather, water management, and their downstream linkages. However, we do not yet fully understand the relationship between inflow and water temperature, especially in complex managed systems such as estuaries. The San Francisco Estuary is the center of a critical water supply infrastructure and home to a deteriorating ecosystem with several declining fish species at the warm edge of their thermal range. We used generalized additive modeling of long‐term monitoring data to evaluate the relationship between inflow and water temperature along with its spatio‐seasonal variability. Most commonly, we found a negative temperature‐inflow relationship in which water temperatures increased as inflow decreased, up to 2°C from high‐ to low‐inflow years. However, the opposite (positive) relationship was observed in the winter months, and in the western (downstream) regions from July–September, up to − 1.2°C from high‐ to low‐inflow years. These results were upheld by models that included the long‐term temperature trend or used salinity as a proxy for location. Upstream factors likely played the biggest role in the summer when local precipitation is negligible, whereas local precipitation and the related weather conditions may drive much of the winter pattern. Although further mechanistic studies are needed to infer the direct effect of dam releases on water temperatures, these results provide a broader understanding of the impacts of flood and drought dynamics for those tasked with managing estuarine ecosystems.
Portal vein complications and outcomes following pediatric liver transplantation: Data from the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Stevens James P. , Xiang Yijin , Leong Traci , Naik Kushal , Gupta Nitika Arora 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Children who undergo liver transplantation are at risk for portal vein complications (PVCs) including thrombosis (PVT) and stenosis (PVS). Using multicenter data from the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation, we analyzed the prevalence, timing, and risk factors for PVC following a first liver transplantation, and assessed the potential impact of PVC on patient outcomes. Our cohort included 4278 patients, of whom 327 (7.6%) developed PVC. Multivariate analysis discovered several factors independently associated with PVC: younger recipient age, lower weight at time of transplantation, diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA), receiving a technical variant graft (TVG), warm ischemia time over 3 h, PVT in the recipient’s pretransplantation native liver, and concurrent hepatic artery thrombosis (all p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis of those with BA found higher prevalence in patients transplanted at less than 2 years of age and those with TVGs. There was no difference in PVC prevalence among patients with BA with vs. without prior Kasai portoenterostomy. Most PVT (77.7%) presented within 90 days after transplantation. Patients with PVC had a higher risk of graft failure (23.9% vs. 8.3%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 3.08; p < 0.001) and a higher risk of death (16.4% vs. 8.9%; adjusted HR, 1.96; p = 0.01). Recurrence after retransplantation was similar to the overall prevalence in the cohort (8.2%). Our results recognize the common occurrence of PVC following pediatric liver transplantation, describe independently associated risk factors, and determine that patients with PVC have worse outcomes. Further studies are needed to improve PVC prevention, detection, and management strategies.
Silyl Glyoximides: Toward a New Class of Visible Light Photoinitiators
Authors: Kirschner Julie , Baralle Alexandre , Paillard Julien , Graff Bernadette , Becht Jean‐Michel , Klee Joachim E. , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany academic and industrial works are carried out for the search of new classes of visible light photoinitiators. In the last decade, new Type I photoinitiator generating silyl, germyl, or stannyl radicals is elegantly reported; the chemical mechanisms being often associated with the cleavage of the C(═O)Si, C(═O)Ge, or C(═O)Sn bonds. In this context, silyl glyoxylates are also reported as dual Type I and Type II photoinitiators. Silyl glyoximides are proposed here as new near‐UV and blue light sensitive photoinitiators. The synthesis of such compounds as well as their light absorption properties is discussed. Their photochemical properties are studied through steady state photolysis experiments and molecular modeling data (i.e., through the calculations of the frontier orbitals, CC bond dissociation energies and triplet state energy levels). To finish, their photoinitiating ability upon near‐UV or blue light emitting diode light is examined in a benchmark methacrylate monomer blend (BisGMA/TEGDMA). Markedly, a Type I photoinitiator behavior is highlighted but better initiating properties are found in multicomponent systems in combination with iodonium salt and amine.
The algebraic significance of weak excluded middle laws
Authors: Lávička Tomáš , Moraschini Tommaso , Raftery James G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFor (finitary) deductive systems, we formulate a signature‐independent abstraction of the weak excluded middle law (WEML), which strengthens the existing general notion of an inconsistency lemma (IL). Of special interest is the case where a quasivariety algebraizes a deductive system ⊢. We prove that, in this case, if ⊢ has a WEML (in the general sense) then every relatively subdirectly irreducible member of has a greatest proper ‐congruence; the converse holds if ⊢ has an inconsistency lemma. The result extends, in a suitable form, to all protoalgebraic logics. A super‐intuitionistic logic possesses a WEML iff it extends . We characterize the IL and the WEML for normal modal logics and for relevance logics. A normal extension of has a global consequence relation with a WEML iff it extends , while every axiomatic extension of with an IL has a WEML.
Antimicrobial Biocomposites Fiber‐Welded with Lignocellulose Containing Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Shen Hongchen , Gulbrandson Anders J. , Park Seok , Li Mengqiao , Shuai Danmeng , Trulove Paul C. , Durkin David P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiopolymer materials that use silver to imbue antimicrobial properties are finding broad application in areas such as packaging, textiles, and building materials. Conventional methods to incorporate silver can damage the supporting biopolymer matrix and/or result in large‐sized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with poor antimicrobial efficacy. To mitigate these concerns, in this study, uniformly distributed, small (≈5–10 nm) Ag NPs are grown into a well‐preserved lignocellulose powder matrix by using a gas‐phase reducing agent at low temperature. The Ag NP‐ lignocellulose powders are fully characterized and their antimicrobial performance is investigated by inactivating planktonic bacteria and inhibiting biofilms. The most potent antimicrobial product, L_10Ag, achieves more than 4‐log reduction in planktonic bacterial viability within 3 h and a biofilm inhibition rate of 97.9%. Furthermore, the Ag NP impregnated powders are post‐processed through natural fiber welding (NFW), an emergent, innovative, ionic liquid (IL)‐based method that can be used to engineer biopolymer materials into new functional biocomposites. NFW transforms the powders into higher‐order structures, imparting anti‐microbial capacity without degrading the material properties of the biopolymer support.
Multicompartment Hydrogels
Authors: Schmidt Bernhard V. K. J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHydrogels belong to the most promising materials in polymer and materials science at the moment. As they feature soft and tissue‐like character as well as high water‐content, a broad range of applications are addressed with hydrogels, e.g., tissue engineering and wound dressings but also soft robotics, drug delivery, actuators, and catalysis. Ways to tailor hydrogel properties are crosslinking mechanisms, hydrogel shape, and reinforcement, but new features can be introduced by variation of hydrogel composition as well, e.g., via monomer choice, functionalization or compartmentalization. In particular, multicompartment hydrogels drive progress toward complex and highly functional soft materials. In the present review the latest developments in multicompartment hydrogels are highlighted with a focus on three types of compartments; micellar/vesicular, droplets, and multilayers including various subcategories. Furthermore, several morphologies of compartmentalized hydrogels and applications of multicompartment hydrogels will be discussed as well. Finally, an outlook toward future developments of the field will be given. The further development of multicompartment hydrogels is highly relevant for a broad range of applications and will have a significant impact on biomedicine and organic devices.
Accelerated epigenetic age and shortened telomere length based on DNA methylation in Nicolaides–Baraitser syndrome
Authors: Shinko Yutaka , Okazaki Satoshi , Otsuka Ikuo , Horai Tadasu , Kim Saehyeon , Tanifuji Takaki , Hishimoto Akitoyo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundNicolaides–Baraitser syndrome (NCBRS) is a rare disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental delays, seizures, and diverse physical characteristics. The DNA methylation (DNAm) profile in NCBRS is significantly different. DNAm is linked to the biological aging of cells and the health risks associated with biological aging. In this study, we examined changes in biological ages in NCBRS to provide insights into the prognosis and health risks of NCBRS.MethodsWe used a publicly available dataset to examine biological aging in NCBRS using DNAm‐based epigenetic ages, such as PhenoAge and GrimAge, as well as DNAm‐based estimator of telomere length (DNAmTL). We investigated 12 cases, clinically diagnosed as NCBRS, and 27 controls.ResultsCompared to controls, NCBRS cases exhibited significantly accelerated PhenoAge and GrimAge as well as significantly shortened DNAmTL.ConclusionThese results suggest an acceleration of biological aging in NCBRS and provide insights into the prognosis and health risks of NCBRS.
Exome sequencing and RNA analysis identify two novel CPLANE1 variants causing Joubert syndrome
Authors: Fei Hongjun , Wu Yi , Wang Yanlin , Zhang Junyu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundJoubert syndrome (JS) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder; its genetic etiology involves more than 35 genes, and a limited number of studies have investigated the pathogenic mechanism of variants in patients with JS. RNA splicing analysis is critical to determine the functional significance for noncanonical splicing variants.MethodsWhole exome sequencing was performed to screen the causative gene variants in a JS family. Sanger sequencing was used to verify the variants. cDNA PCR products were analyzed and functional experiments were performed to determine the pathogenicity of the variants.ResultsThe clinical phenotypes and CPLANE1 variants in the JS patient were analyzed and proved consistent. We identified two novel heterozygous variants of CPLANE1 in the proband first, including c.4459del (frameshift variant) and c.7534‐14G > A (intronic variant). We analyzed the pathogenic consequences of the 2 variants and classified the c.4459del as likely pathogenic according to the ACMG/AMP guidelines; however, the pathogenic significance of c.7534‐14G > A was uncertain. Furthermore, we performed RNA splicing analysis and revealed that the noncanonical splicing variant (c.7534‐14G > A) caused aberrant exon 37 skipping. It produced an aberrant transcript that was predicted to encode a C‐terminal truncated protein.ConclusionsThe genetic variation spectrum of JS caused by CPLANE1 was updated. Two novel variants further deepened our insight into the disease's molecular mechanism and confirmed the significance of diagnostic whole‐exome sequencing.
Ultrasound‐targeted microbubbles destruction assists dual delivery of beta‐amyloid antibody and neural stem cells to restore neural function in transgenic mice of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhu Qiong , Xu Xiaoxun , Chen Beibei , Liao Yiyi , Guan Xue , He Ying , Cui Hai , Rong Yani , Liu Zheng , Xu Yali 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of ultrasound‐targeted microbubbles destruction (UTMD) assisted dual delivery of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) antibody loaded by microbubbles (MBAβ) and neural stem cells (NSCs) on Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsTwenty‐seven APP/PS1 double transgenic mice (Tg mice) and 33 wild‐type mice were used. Wild‐type mice were insonated by diagnostic ultrasound with microbubbles (MB) for 5 min to observe the blood brain barrier (BBB) opening. The survival situation of engrafted NSCs crossing the opened BBB mediated by UTMD in Tg mice was evaluated by in vivo imaging system. We further explored the combination therapy effects of UTMD mediated Aβ antibody and NSCs dual delivery. Tg mice in each group were exposed to diagnostic ultrasound for 5 min once a week for four times, with MB, MBAβ, and/or NSCs administration according to groups. Cognition and memory functions were explored by Morris water maze test, Aβ plaques deposition was evaluated by immunohistochemical, and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and synaptophysin (SYN) expression were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsBBB was opened mediated by diagnostic ultrasound with MB, and the duration of opening was about 10 h. The transplanted NSCs survived in Tg mice for no more than 72 h. Compared with control group, the Tg mice in combined delivery of NSCs and Aβ antibody by UTMD group improved memory function and spatial learning with shorter latency to find the platform, longer distance traveled, and longer time spent in targeted quadrant, and more crossing times (p < 0.05). Besides, the combination delivery group promoted the clearance of Aβ plaques compared with control group both in hippocampus (p < 0.01) and cortex (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of BDNF in combination delivery group was significantly higher than that in control group and ultrasound‐mediated MB group (p < 0.05). No significant change of SYN was observed in each group.ConclusionUTMD assisted dual delivery of Aβ antibody and NSCs crossing the BBB into AD mice brain could help to clear Aβ plaques, increase the expression of BDNF, and restore the impaired neural function. This finding may offer potential insight into treatment of AD.
Automatic pulmonary ground‐glass opacity nodules detection and classification based on 3D neural network
Authors: Ma He , Guo Huimin , Zhao Mingfang , Qi Shouliang , Li Heming , Tian Yumeng , Li Zhi , Zhang Guanjing , Yao Yudong , Qian Wei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposePulmonary ground‐glass opacity (GGO) nodules are more likely to be malignant compared with solid solitary nodules. Due to indistinct boundaries of GGO nodules, the detection and diagnosis are challenging for doctors. Therefore, designing an automatic GGO nodule detection and classification scheme is significantly essential.MethodsIn this paper, we proposed a two‐stage 3D GGO nodule detection and classification framework. First, we used a pretrained 3D U‐Net to extract lung parenchyma. Second, we adapted the architecture of Mask region‐based convolutional neural networks (RCNN) to handle 3D medical images. The 3D model was then applied to detect the locations of GGO nodules and classify lesions (benign or malignant). The class‐balanced loss function was also used to balance the number of benign and malignant lesions. Finally, we employed a novel false positive elimination scheme called the feature‐based weighted clustering (FWC) to promote the detection accuracy further.ResultsThe experiments were conducted based on fivefold cross‐validation with the imbalanced data set. Experimental results showed that the mean average precision could keep a high level (0.5182) in the phase of detection. Meanwhile, the false positive rate was effectively controlled, and the competition performance metric (CPM) reached 0.817 benefited from the FWC algorithm. The comparative statistical analyses with other deep learning methods also proved the effectiveness of our proposed method.ConclusionsWe put forward an automatic pulmonary GGO nodules detection and classification framework based on deep learning. The proposed method locate and classify nodules accurately, which could be an effective tool to help doctors in clinical diagnoses.