bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zero-dose children in Turkey: regional comparison of pooled data for the period 1990 to 2018
Authors: Eryurt Mehmet Ali , Yalçin Siddika Songül 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Immunization plays a vital role in child health and survival. Zero-dose children are coming increasingly into focus as part of the global Immunization Agenda 2030. Although the percentage of zero-dose children has decreased in Turkey over time, regional/socioeconomic inequalities persist. This study aims to analyze the trend in zero-dose children and the factors associated with this problem in Turkey in light of regional inequalities.

Methods
Six data sets (1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018) were pooled from the last six Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHSs). The vaccination module for children aged 12–35 months and variables related to household characteristics, socio-economic, cultural characteristics of parents, bio-demographic/health-related factors were taken from the DHS data. Binary logistic regression analyses were carried out by taking into account the complex sample design of surveys for Turkey in general, the East region, and other regions.

Results
Significant progress has been made in reducing the number of zero-dose children in Turkey over the last three decades, as it has dropped from 3.2 to 0.9%. The results of multivariate analyses revealed that survey year, household wealth, the mother’s level of education, payment of bride price, mother’s native language, place of delivery, and the number of antenatal care visits are associated with zero-dose children. Factors associated with zero-dose children also differ between the East region, and other regions.

Conclusion
Public health programs targeting uneducated parents, poor households, lack of social security, Kurdish-speaking mothers, older mothers and those without antenatal care should be implemented to promote childhood immunization.
Dynamic trajectory of platelet counts after the first cycle of induction chemotherapy in AML patients
Authors: Bi Yazhen , Wang Zhaohui , Feng Saran , Wang Yan , Zhao Yang , Li Hong , Yu Jingyi , Liu Qian , Zhu Chuansheng , Li Mingzhuo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet counts varied over time after induction chemotherapy. We aimed to investigate the different trajectories of platelet counts after the first cycle of induction chemotherapy in patients newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia.Methods and resultsIn total, 149 individuals were included in this study. We identified four distinct trajectories using a group-based trajectory model: low- stability group (n = 27, 18.12%), low-level decrease–medium elevation group (n = 42, 28.19%), low-level decrease–high elevation group (n = 60, 40.27%), and high-level decrease–medium elevation group (n = 20, 13.42%). The baseline characteristics of the high-level decrease–medium elevation group included higher platelet count, lower white blood cell count, lower percentage of bone marrow blasts, and lower rates of complete remission after the first cycle of induction chemotherapy. Compared with the low-stability group, the hazard ratios were 0.32 (95% confidence interval, 0.15–0.68) for the low-level decrease–medium elevation group, 0.31 (95% confidence interval, 0.15–0.63) for the low-level decrease–high elevation group, and 0.35 (95% confidence interval, 0.13–0.89) for the high-level decrease–medium elevation group after adjustment for age and gender by Cox proportional hazard regression. Compared with the low-stability group, the hazard ratios were 0.33 (95% confidence interval, 0.14–0.77) for the low-level decrease–medium elevation group and 0.31 (95% confidence interval, 0.14–0.67) for the low-level decrease–high elevation group after adjustment for age, gender, white blood cell count, and bone marrow blasts. These associations persisted after adjusting for age, gender, white blood cell count, bone marrow blasts, and platelet count.ConclusionThe dynamic trajectory of platelet counts after the first cycle of induction chemotherapy is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Timely intervention should be considered for the low-stability group. The low-level decrease–medium elevation and low-level decrease-high elevation groups were independent protective factors for all-cause mortality.
Vascular tortuosity analysis in eyes with epiretinal membrane imaged by optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Miyazawa Kosuke , Sakimoto Susumu , Kanai Masanori , Shiraki Akihiko , Takahashi Shizuka , Shiraki Nobuhiko , Maruyama Kazuichi , Sakaguchi Hirokazu , Nishida Kohji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to evaluate macular vessel tortuosity using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and its association with visual outcomes in eyes undergoing surgery for epiretinal membrane (ERM).

Methods
The study included 22 consecutive patients who underwent vitrectomy for ERM between May 2019 and July 2020 and OCTA at Osaka University Hospital. All patients underwent ophthalmologic examinations, including swept-source OCTA. Standard vitrectomy was performed, and the patients were followed up for 6 months postoperatively. Distortion of retinal vessels was calculated using two parameters: the actual vessel length in the vessel section (VL) and the direct vessel branching point distance (BD) in the three quadrants (nasal, temporal, and superior-inferior) of the macula. We analyzed the correlation between these parameters and visual outcomes.

Results
Significantly longer VL was found at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively (p = 0.006, 0.008, and 0.022, respectively) in the temporal quadrant compared to baseline temporal VL. Significantly shorter VL was found in nasal quadrants at 1 and 3 months (p = 0.046 and p = 0.018) in the comparison of nasal baseline VL. VL/BDs were correlated with the same postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 1, 3, and 6 months (p = 0.035, 0.035, and 0.042, respectively) in the superior-inferior quadrant. A significant association of changes in VL and BCVA was found at 3 and 6 months postoperatively in the nasal quadrant (p = 0.018 and 0.0455, respectively).

Conclusions
Changes in vascular distortion after ERM surgery can be measured using OCTA. The change in vessels around the macula became more linear; this was associated with visual outcomes after surgery.
Association between body composition and blood pressure in normal-weight Chinese children and adolescents
Authors: Bai Ling , Zhou Jinyu , Tong Lingling , Ding Wenqing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to assess the associations of body fat distribution and lean body mass (LBM) with blood pressure (BP) in normal-weight Chinese children and adolescents.

Methods
A total of 898 normal-weight Chinese children and adolescents, aged 10–18 years, were included this cross-sectional study via a cluster sampling method. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to measure body composition. The participants were measured for blood pressure (BP) using a calibrated electronic sphygmomanometer according to the standard method by the "American Hypertension Education Project Working Group".

Results
Body composition was related to abnormal BP in normal-weight children and adolescents. After the model adjusted for age, smoking, and drinking, regression analysis showed that fat mass percentage (FMP) was negatively associated with abnormal BP, while LBM was positively associated with abnormal BP in boys(P < 0.05). Whereas FMP and visceral fat level (VFL) were positively associated with abnormal BP in girls (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
There are sex differences in the relationships between total body fat, visceral fat and lean body mass with abnormal BP in normal-weight youths. Therefore, it is of great significance to pay attention to the relative influence of the body composition of the boys and girls in the prevention and treatment of hypertension in youths.
Identification of novel potential biomarkers in infantile hemangioma via weighted gene co-expression network analysis
Authors: Xie Bin , Zhou Xiongming , Qiu Jiaxuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign tumor in children and is characterized by endothelial cells proliferation and angiogenesis. Some hub genes may play a critical role in angiogenesis. This study aimed to identify the hub genes and analyze their biological functions in IH.

Methods
Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hemangioma tissues, regardless of different stages, were identified by microarray analysis. The hub genes were selected through integrated weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Subsequently, detailed bioinformatics analysis of the hub genes was performed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was conducted to validate the hub genes expression in hemangioma-derived endothelial cells (HemECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Results
In total, 1115 DEGs were identified between the hemangiomas and normal samples, including 754 upregulated genes and 361 downregulated genes. Two co-expression modules were identified by WGCNA and green module eigengenes were highly correlated with hemangioma (correlation coefficient = 0.87). Using module membership (MM) > 0.8 and gene significance (GS) > 0.8 as the cut-off criteria, 108 candidate genes were selected and put into the PPI network, and three most correlated genes (APLN, APLNR, TMEM132A) were identified as the hub genes. GSEA predicted that the hub genes would regulate endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The differential expression of these genes was validated by qRT-PCR.

Conclusions
This research suggested that the identified hub genes may be associated with the angiogenesis of IH. These genes may improve our understanding of the mechanism of IH and represent potential anti-angiogenesis therapeutic targets for IH.
KMC by surrogate can have an effect equal to KMC by mother in improving the nutritional behavior and arterial oxygen saturation of the preterm infant: results of a controlled randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jamehdar Mahboubeh , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Divband Aboulhassan , Valizadeh Leila , Hosseini Mohammadbagher , Hakimi Sevil 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of kangaroo mother care (KMC) by mother and her surrogate on nutritional behavior and physiological function of preterm neonates.MethodThis study was a randomized, controlled clinical trial conducted on 70 preterm infants admitted to the NICU. For the neonates of the intervention group, KMC was performed (by mother and surrogate) 3 times a day and the neonates of the control group received KMC by the mother 3 times a day for up to 4 days and 60 minutes each time. The primary outcome was to compare the effect of KMC by mother and surrogate on the feeding behavior measured by preterm infant breastfeeding behavior scale (PIBBS), and the secondary outcome was to compare the effect of KMC by mother and surrogate on physiological outcomes.ResultThe score of the PIBBS in both groups increased significantly during 4 days, this difference was not significant between the groups. [Adjusted mean difference (95% Confidence interval), 0.66 (− 2.36 to 1.03),P = 0.438].Within the group, among the physiological functions, only O2 saturation had significantly increased during the study. This increase, however, was not statistically different between the two groups. [Adjusted mean difference (95% Confidence interval), 0.102 (− 0.68 to 0.88),P = 0.761].ConclusionWhen the mother is unable to provide this type of care, it can be provided by the surrogate that is as effective as the mother in improving arterial oxygen saturation and the feeding behavior of the preterm neonates.Trial registrationIRCT20150424021917N10. Registered 22/04/ 2020
Young men’s perceptions about the risks associated with sports betting: a critical qualitative inquiry
Authors: Nyemcsok Christian , Pitt Hannah , Kremer Peter , Thomas Samantha L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Gambling is an inherently risky activity. New technologies have led to the development of new, online forms of gambling such as sports betting, with round the clock availability and accessibility. While young men have been identified as a group that may be particularly vulnerable to the harms associated with these new online products, few studies have qualitatively explored young men’s perceptions of the risks associated with these products. Using concepts associated with the sociology of risk, this paper sought to explore the range of factors that may influence how 18–24 year old young Australian men conceptualise the risks associated with sports betting.

Methods
Using a critical qualitative inquiry approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with sixteen participants in Victoria, Australia, who engaged in sports betting at least monthly. The data interpreted for this study included questions relating to awareness of gambling, the contexts associated with early gambling experiences; the factors that influenced current gambling behaviours, and why they engaged in gambling. A reflexive approach to thematic analysis was used to interpreted themes from the data.

Results
Four key themes were constructed from the data relating to the factors that influenced risk perceptions. These included: 1) ‘The role of early experiences’, including exposure to gambling advertising in sport, and the gambling behaviours of social networks; 2) ‘The influence of peer rivalry and competition’, in which sports betting was used to form connections within and across peer groups; 3) ‘The normalisation of gambling’, including the embedding of gambling in everyday activities; and 4) ‘The influence of perceptions of knowledge, skill, and control’, including the belief that they could engage in responsible behaviours and stop gambling if they needed to.

Conclusion
This study indicated that a range of factors may influence how young men conceptualise the risks and benefits associated with sports betting. Current public health strategies for gambling that focus on individual determinants and responsibility paradigms must be broadened to target the social and commercial factors that influence young men’s attitudes towards, and engagement in sports betting.
Evaluation of foods, drinks and diets in the Netherlands according to the degree of processing for nutritional quality, environmental impact and food costs
Authors: Vellinga Reina E. , van Bakel Marieke , Biesbroek Sander , Toxopeus Ido B. , de Valk Elias , Hollander Anne , van ’t Veer Pieter , Temme Elisabeth H. M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study investigates nutritional quality, environmental impact and costs of foods and drinks and their consumption in daily diets according to the degree of processing across the Dutch population.

Design
The NOVA classification was used to classify the degree of processing (ultra-processed foods (UPF) and ultra-processed drinks (UPD)). Food consumption data were derived from the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2012–2016. Indicators assessed were nutritional quality (saturated fatty acids (SFA), sodium, mono and disaccharides (sugar), fibre and protein), environmental impact (greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and blue water use) and food costs.

Setting
The Netherlands.

Participants
Four thousand three hundred thirteen Dutch participants aged 1 to 79 years.

Results
Per 100 g, UPF were more energy-dense and less healthy than unprocessed or minimally processed foods (MPF); UPF were associated with higher GHG emissions and lower blue water use, and were cheaper. The energy and sugar content of UPD were similar to those of unprocessed or minimally processed drinks (MPD); associated with similar GHG emissions but blue water use was less, and they were also more expensive. In the average Dutch diet, per 2000 kcal, ultra-processed foods and drinks (UPFD) covered 29% (456 g UPF and 437 g UPD) of daily consumption and 61% of energy intake. UPFD consumption was higher among children than adults, especially for UPD. UPFD consumption determined 45% of GHG emissions, 23% of blue water use and 39% of expenses for daily food consumption. UPFD consumption contributed 54% to 72% to daily sodium, sugar and SFA intake.

Conclusions
Compared with unprocessed or minimally processed foods and drinks, UPF and UPD were found to be less healthy considering their high energy, SFA, sugar and sodium content. However, UPF were associated higher GHG emissions and with less blue water use and food costs. Therefore daily blue water use and food costs might increase if UPF are replaced by those unprocessed or minimally processed. As nutritional quality, environmental impacts and food costs relate differently to the NOVA classification, the classification is not directly applicable to identify win–win-wins of nutritional quality, environmental impact and costs of diets.
Timely epidemic monitoring in the presence of reporting delays: anticipating the COVID-19 surge in New York City, September 2020
Authors: Harris Jeffrey E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring a fast-moving epidemic, timely monitoring of case counts and other key indicators of disease spread is critical to an effective public policy response.MethodsWe describe a nonparametric statistical method, originally applied to the reporting of AIDS cases in the 1980s, to estimate the distribution of reporting delays of confirmed COVID-19 cases in New York City during the late summer and early fall of 2020.ResultsDuring August 15–September 26, the estimated mean delay in reporting was 3.3 days, with 87% of cases reported by 5 days from diagnosis. Relying upon the estimated reporting-delay distribution, we projected COVID-19 incidence during the most recent 3 weeks as if each case had instead been reported on the same day that the underlying diagnostic test had been performed. Applying our delay-corrected estimates to case counts reported as of September 26, we projected a surge in new diagnoses that had already occurred but had yet to be reported. Our projections were consistent with counts of confirmed cases subsequently reported by November 7.ConclusionThe projected estimate of recently diagnosed cases could have had an impact on timely policy decisions to tighten social distancing measures. While the recent advent of widespread rapid antigen testing has changed the diagnostic testing landscape considerably, delays in public reporting of SARS-CoV-2 case counts remain an important barrier to effective public health policy.
Return to work factors and vocational rehabilitation interventions for long-term, partially disabled workers: a modified Delphi study among vocational rehabilitation professionals
Authors: de Geus Christa J. C. , Huysmans Maaike A. , van Rijssen H. Jolanda , Anema Johannes R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Long-term disability has a great impact on both society and workers with disabilities. Little is known about the barriers which prohibit workers with long-term disabilities from returning to work and which interventions are best suited to counteract these barriers. The main purpose of this study was to obtain consensus among professionals on important return to work (RTW) factors and effective vocational rehabilitation (VR) interventions for long-term (> 2 years), partially disabled workers. Our three research questions were: (1) which factors are associated with RTW for long-term disabled workers?; (2) which factors associated with RTW can be targeted by VR interventions?; and (3) which VR interventions are the most effective to target these factors?

Methods
A modified Delphi Study was conducted using a panel of 22 labour experts, caseworkers, and insurance physicians. The study consisted of several rounds of questionnaires and one online meeting.

Results
The multidisciplinary panel reached consensus that 58 out of 67 factors were important for RTW and that 35 of these factors could be targeted using VR interventions. In five rounds, the expert panel reached consensus that 11 out of 22 VR interventions were effective for at least one of the eight most important RTW factors.

Conclusions
Consensus was reached among the expert panel that many factors that are important for the RTW of short-term disabled workers are also important for the RTW of long-term partially disabled workers and that a substantial number of these factors could effectively be targeted using VR interventions. The results of this study will be used to develop a decision aid that supports vocational rehabilitation professionals in profiling clients and in choosing suitable VR interventions.
Comparative effectiveness of smartphone healthcare applications for improving quality of life in lung cancer patients: study protocol
Authors: Lee Jang Ho , Jeong Jae Hwa , Ji Wonjun , Lee Hui Jeong , Lee Yura , Jo Min-Woo , Chung Seockhoon , Yun Sung-Cheol , Choi Chang-Min , Lee Geun Dong , Lee Sei Won , Lee Jong Won 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Although pulmonary rehabilitation is helpful for patients following lung cancer surgery, rehabilitation is not widely available, due in part to a lack of medical resources. Recent developments in digital health care have overcome the space limitations associated with in-person health care. This study will evaluate and compare the efficacy of three different smartphone healthcare systems in patients with lung cancer.

Methods
This single center randomized controlled study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of digital healthcare applications for lung cancer patients after thoracoscopic lung resection. A total of 320 patients will be enrolled and randomized 1:1:1:1 into four different groups, with one group each using the smartphone applications NOOM, Walkon, and Efilcare and the fourth being the control group without intervention. Questionnaires will be administered to patients at baseline and after 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary endpoint will be the score on the EuroQol five-dimension index. Secondary endpoints will include other questionnaires about quality of life and dyspnea.

Discussion
This prospective randomized controlled study may allow assessments and comparisons of the efficacy of various smartphone applications in patients who undergo lung cancer surgery. This process may enable the introduction of healthcare interventions that maintain quality of life in patients with lung cancer.
Trial registration CRIS, KCT0005447. Registered 06 October 2020, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/19346