bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Favourable climatic niche in low elevations outside the flood zone characterises the distribution pattern of venomous snakes in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammad Abdul Wahed , Varela Sara , Roy Sanjoy , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Noman Mohammed , Haidar Ibrahim Khalil Al , Müller Johannes 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSnakes are sensitive to both environmental and climate gradients. To design conservation plans, a scientific understanding of snake habitats in light of environmental and climatic variables is an essential prerequisite. For venomous snakes, denoting favourable habitats should also be relevant for snakebite management. We have considered 18 spatial variables to portray the range of terrestrial venomous snake distribution in Bangladesh. Our results indicate that the distribution of 29 studied venomous snakes in this country is primarily driven by climatic and environmental variables. We found that especially low elevation and flood risk constrain the distribution of those terrestrial snakes, i.e. regular floods in central Bangladesh push venomous snakes towards the edges of the country. Moreover, none of these species occupies the whole of its anticipated climatically favourable area. Projections into the future indicated that 11 studied species,Amphiesma platyceps,Boiga siamensis,Chrysopelea ornata,Pseudoxenodon macrops,Rhabdophis himalayanus,Rhabdophis subminiatus,Bungarus lividus,Ophiophagus hannah,Daboia russelii,Ovophis monticolaandTrimeresurus popeiorumwill lose their entire climatically suitable area within the country. Therefore, we suggest establishing more protected areas in the hilly ecosystems in the eastern part and in the mangrove forests in the south-western corner of Bangladesh to mitigate future extinction risks, such as climate change, sea-level rise and increase in flood severity. Conserving village forests and croplands, which are subject to rapid change, will also need to be addressed equally, as these are inhabited by almost one-third of the studied species. The occurrence of the cobras and kraits in village forests and cropland dominant habitats demands more attention to minimise snakebite related mortality and morbidity.
John Stuart Mill's Passage on Pimps and the Limits on Free Speech
Authors: Tunick Mark 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMill didn't resolve this puzzle: if prostitution must be tolerated according to his principle of liberty as it doesn't non-consensually harm others, why punish the accessory – the pimp? Yet in On Liberty's passage on pimps (CW 18:296–7) Mill seriously considers restricting pimps’ speech for reasons other than preventing harm: pimps’ speech undermines decisional autonomy for purposes the state regards as immoral, and in response the state may use coercion to counteract such immoral influences. In light of this, I argue that we need to rethink the standard view that Mill opposes restrictions on speech that does not harm others.
A rare paediatric case of possible infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus anginosus
Authors: Kahlon Parmeet , Fajardo Andrés Felipe , Mondal Tapas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInfective endocarditis in children is a rare but serious condition that requires prompt management. We present a case of an 11-year-old boy with subacute bacterial endocarditis caused by Streptococcus anginosus, an unusual causative microorganism for infective endocarditis. The patient presented with a history of malaise, fatigue, and one subjective tactile fever. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paediatric case of possible infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus anginosus.
Mental health working party: data and modelling considerations for mental health in life insurance
Authors: Balboa Lisa , Ballantine Fraser , Nashime Maryse , Soong Serena , Wilson Joe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper explores data and modelling considerations in the risk assessment and underwriting of mental health conditions in life insurance products. Alongside this, it considers the possibilities that improved data availability could open up in terms of additional underwriting designs that could further improve the accessibility and affordability of life insurance products for those with mental health conditions. Rather than being a prescriptive recommendation, our aim is for the considerations set out in this paper to form a basis of discussion for Members of the Profession and other insurance professionals.
Eating contexts and their associations with socio-demographic factors in Brazilian adolescents (EVA-JF Study)
Authors: Neves Felipe Silva , Fontes Vanessa Sequeira , Nogueira Mário Círio , Pereira Priscila Moreira de Lima , de Faria Eliane Rodrigues , Netto Michele Pereira , Oliveira Renata Maria Souza , Cândido Ana Paula Carlos 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjective:To describe the eating contexts and estimate their associations with socio-demographic factors in a sample of Brazilian adolescents.Design:Cross-sectional study. We used an exploratory questionnaire about eating contexts (encompassing regularity of meals, places where they occur and if they take place with attention and in company), which was submitted to cluster analysis. Subsequently, three clusters were identified: cluster 1, ‘appropriate eating contexts at breakfast, lunch and dinner’; cluster 2, ‘inappropriate eating context at breakfast’ and cluster 3, ‘inappropriate eating context at dinner’. Multinomial logistic regression models were performed, without and with adjustments, using cluster 1 as reference.Setting:Twenty-nine public schools of Juiz de Fora, MG, Southeast Brazil.Participants:Adolescents, 14–19-year-olds (n 835).Results:We observed relevant prevalence of adolescents omitting breakfast (52·9 %) and dinner (39·3 %), and who had the habit of eating sitting/lying on the couch/bed or standing/walking, and in front of screens. Breakfast usually occurred unaccompanied (70·8 %); around half (47·5 %) and little over a third (36·1 %) of the sample also would usually have lunch and dinner unaccompanied, respectively. Furthermore, through multivariate analysis, we found associations of eating contexts clusters with female sex (more likely in clusters 2 and 3), age range 14–15-year-olds (less likely in cluster 2) and higher mother’s schooling (more likely in cluster 3).Conclusions:We verified an alarming prevalence of adolescents with eating contexts unaligned with healthy eating recommendations. Additionally, inappropriate eating contexts at breakfast and/or at dinner were associated with socio-demographic factors (sex, age range and mother’s schooling).
Printed compact four-port wearable MIMO antennas for wideband wireless applications
Authors: Singh Saurabh , Verma Sudhanshu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a simple and compact coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed four coexisting inverted-L-shaped radiating elements based wideband (ILW) multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) antenna has been presented for wearable wireless applications. The 50 Ω CPW feed structure has been used to excite the four inverted-L-shaped radiators in a wide square slot of the proposed four-port wearable MIMO antenna. The four diagonal strips are extended from the corners of the wide square slot to form a square split ring structure in the center, which suppresses the coupling of electromagnetic waves among coexisting compact quad inverted-L-shaped radiators. The proposed ILW wearable MIMO antenna achieves a wide −10 dB simulated impedance bandwidth of 58.18% (3.9–7.1 GHz) and more than 30 dB isolation along with much reduced envelope correlation coefficient (<0.0002), high diversity gain (>9.9 dB), and specific absorption rate lower than 1 W/kg in the entire operational band. The simulated results are in good agreement with the measured ones. This ensures its utility for several wearable wireless applications in the C-band that comprises WLAN (5 and 5.2 GHz), Wi-MAX (5.5 GHz), and ISM band (5.8 GHz) applications.
Emergence pattern of horseweed (Erigeron canadensis L.) accessions across Nebraska
Authors: Mobli Ahmadreza , Oliveira Maxwel , Butts Liberty , Proctor Chris , Lawrence Nevin , Werle Rodrigo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHorseweed is a North American indigenous plant species commonly found in Nebraska cropping systems. Horseweed management is challenging because of horseweed’s prolific seed production, long-distance seed dispersal via wind, competitiveness, and rapid evolution of herbicide resistance. Understanding the horseweed emergence pattern across Nebraska can contribute to implementing effective and more sustainable tactics to minimize its impact on cropping systems. Field studies were conducted during fall and spring from 2016 to 2018 in Lincoln (corn and soybean), North Platte (wheat stubble and soybean), and Scottsbluff (corn and fallow) to investigate the emergence pattern of horseweed accessions from Lincoln, North Platte, and Scottsbluff, NE. Results show that most horseweed seedling emergence occurred in fall (99%) and only a few seedlings emerged in spring across locations, except in the wheat stubble experiment at North Platte, where higher spring emergence was detected (3% to 22%). In four out of six experiments, the density of total emerged seedlings of each accession was greatest when established in their site of origin. Our results suggest that late fall and/or early spring is likely the best timing for horseweed management across Nebraska.
Myeloma precursor disease (MGUS) among rescue and recovery workers exposed to the World Trade Center disaster
Authors: Zeig-Owens Rachel , Goldfarb David G. , Luft Benjamin J. , Yang Xiaohua , Murata Kazunori , Ramanathan Lakshmi , Thoren Katie , Doddi Sital , Shah Urvi A. , Mueller Alexandra K. , Hall Charles B. , Giricz Orsi , Verma Amit , Prezant David J. , Landgren Ola 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn elevated risk of myeloma precursor disease, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), was identified among Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed firefighters. Further investigation was needed to determine if these findings were reproducible in a more heterogeneous WTC-exposed rescue/recovery workers cohort, the Stony Brook University-General Responder Cohort GRC (SBU-GRC). MGUS risk was compared between the cohorts and to published general population estimates from Olmsted County, MN, USA. In this observational seroprevalence study, odds ratios (OR) and age-standardized risk ratios (RR) of MGUS (M-spike and light-chain-MGUS combined), M-spike, and light-chain-MGUS were estimated using logistic regression. Age-standardized prevalences were calculated for white males aged 50–79; RRs were estimated by comparing risk in the WTC-exposed cohort with the Olmsted County screened cohort. SBU-GRC had elevated odds of MGUS compared with FDNY (OR = 1.38; 95%CI = 1.00–1.89). The age-standardized prevalence of MGUS was 9.0/100 persons (95%CI = 7.5–10.6), over two-fold higher than the general population (RR = 2.08; 95%CI = 1.72–2.51); the age-standardized prevalence of light-chain-MGUS was 3.5-fold higher (RR = 3.54; 95%CI = 2.52–4.97). This study adds to mounting evidence supporting an association between WTC/environmental exposures and MGUS among rescue/recovery workers. Access to MGUS screenings for the entire WTC-exposed cohort could allow for treatment interventions that improve survival.
Transcriptional and genetic alterations of cuproptosis-related genes correlated to malignancy and immune-infiltrate of esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Runmin , Huan Yu , Li Yan , Gao Xinyue , Sun Qiang , Zhang Feng , Jiang Tao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEsophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is a common type of cancer with high mortality. Cuproptosis is a new type of cell death and is characterized by the dependence on mitochondrial respiration and protein lipoylation. However, the potential roles of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in ESCA remain elusive. Here, we systematically assessed the transcriptional and genetic alterations of CRGs in ESCA. We identified a CRGs signature for ESCA patients. A 6-CRGs signature was constructed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis along with the univariate cox regression analysis and differential genes analysis. The CRGs score could significantly stratify ESCA patients’ survival and a high CRGs score was significantly correlated with worse overall survival. Moreover, higher CRGs score indicated higher pathology grades and aberrant cell adhesion, possibly via the PI3K-AKT pathway, which could also underly their increased sensitivity to PI3K-AKT pathway inhibitors. In addition, patients with high CRGs tend to hold more mutation load and abnormal APOBEC mutation. Notably, a higher CRGs score was anomalously associated with more immune infiltration, which could explain its malignancy by increased PD-L1 stability and a higher proportion of bystander T cells. In conclusion, our report revealed the significance of cuproptosis in ESCA and may have therapeutic potential in activating the bystander T cells.
Human acute inflammatory recovery is defined by co-regulatory dynamics of white blood cell and platelet populations
Authors: Foy Brody H. , Sundt Thoralf M. , Carlson Jonathan C. T. , Aguirre Aaron D. , Higgins John M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInflammation is the physiologic reaction to cellular and tissue damage caused by trauma, ischemia, infection, and other pathologic conditions. Elevation of white blood cell count (WBC) and altered levels of other acute phase reactants are cardinal signs of inflammation, but the dynamics of these changes and their resolution are not well established. Here we studied inflammatory recovery from trauma, ischemia, and infection by tracking longitudinal dynamics of clinical laboratory measurements in hospitalized patients. We identified a universal recovery trajectory defined by exponential WBC decay and delayed linear growth of platelet count (PLT). Co-regulation of WBC-PLT dynamics is a fundamental mechanism of acute inflammatory recovery and provides a generic approach for identifying high-risk patients: 32x relative risk (RR) of adverse outcomes for cardiac surgery, 9x RR of death from COVID-19, 9x RR of death from sepsis, and 5x RR of death from myocardial infarction.
Immunogenicity to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine third dose in people living with HIV
Authors: Vergori Alessandra , Cozzi Lepri Alessandro , Cicalini Stefania , Matusali Giulia , Bordoni Veronica , Lanini Simone , Meschi Silvia , Iannazzo Roberta , Mazzotta Valentina , Colavita Francesca , Mastrorosa Ilaria , Cimini Eleonora , Mariotti Davide , De Pascale Lydia , Marani Alessandra , Gallì Paola , Garbuglia AnnaRosa , Castilletti Concetta , Puro Vincenzo , Agrati Chiara , Girardi Enrico , Vaia Francesco , Antinori Andrea ,   HIV-VAC study group, Amendola Alessandra , Baldini Francesco , Bellagamba Rita , Bettini Aurora , Bordi Licia , Camici Marta , Casetti Rita , Costantini Sarah , Cristofanelli Flavia , D’Alessio Claudia , D’Aquila Veronica , De Angelis Alessia , De Zottis Federico , de Pascale Lydia , Francalancia Massimo , Fusto Marisa , Gagliardini Roberta , Gramigna Giulia , Grassi Germana , Grilli Elisabetta , Grisetti Susanna , Iafrate Denise , Lapa Daniele , Lorenzini Patrizia , Marani Alessandra , Masone Erminia , Marongiu Stefano , Mondi Annalisa , Notari Stefania , Ottou Sandrine , Paulicelli Jessica , Pellegrino Luca , Pinnetti Carmela , Plazzi Maria Maddalena , Possi Adriano , Sacchi Alessandra , Tartaglia Eleonora 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn order to investigate safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine third dose in people living with HIV (PLWH), we analyze anti-RBD, microneutralization assay and IFN-γ production in 216 PLWH on ART with advanced disease (CD4 count <200 cell/mm3 and/or previous AIDS) receiving the third dose of a mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) after a median of 142 days from the second dose. Median age is 54 years, median CD4 nadir 45 cell/mm3 (20–122), 93% HIV-RNA < 50 c/mL. In 68% of PLWH at least one side-effect, generally mild, is recorded. Humoral response after the third dose was strong and higher than that achieved with the second dose (>2 log2 difference), especially when a heterologous combination with mRNA-1273 as third shot is used. In contrast, cell-mediated immunity remain stable. Our data support usefulness of third dose in PLWH currently receiving suppressive ART who presented with severe immune dysregulation.
Generalization in quantum machine learning from few training data
Authors: Caro Matthias C. , Huang Hsin-Yuan , Cerezo M. , Sharma Kunal , Sornborger Andrew , Cincio Lukasz , Coles Patrick J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractModern quantum machine learning (QML) methods involve variationally optimizing a parameterized quantum circuit on a training data set, and subsequently making predictions on a testing data set (i.e., generalizing). In this work, we provide a comprehensive study of generalization performance in QML after training on a limited number N of training data points. We show that the generalization error of a quantum machine learning model with T trainable gates scales at worst as $$\sqrt{T/N}$$

T
/
N

. When only K ≪ T gates have undergone substantial change in the optimization process, we prove that the generalization error improves to $$\sqrt{K/N}$$

K
/
N

. Our results imply that the compiling of unitaries into a polynomial number of native gates, a crucial application for the quantum computing industry that typically uses exponential-size training data, can be sped up significantly. We also show that classification of quantum states across a phase transition with a quantum convolutional neural network requires only a very small training data set. Other potential applications include learning quantum error correcting codes or quantum dynamical simulation. Our work injects new hope into the field of QML, as good generalization is guaranteed from few training data.
Antiviral and clinical activity of bamlanivimab in a randomized trial of non-hospitalized adults with COVID-19
Authors: Chew Kara W. , Moser Carlee , Daar Eric S. , Wohl David A. , Li Jonathan Z. , Coombs Robert W. , Ritz Justin , Giganti Mark , Javan Arzhang Cyrus , Li Yijia , Choudhary Manish C. , Deo Rinki , Malvestutto Carlos , Klekotka Paul , Price Karen , Nirula Ajay , Fischer William , Bala Veenu , Ribeiro Ruy M. , Perelson Alan S. , Fletcher Courtney V. , Eron Joseph J. , Currier Judith S. ,   ACTIV-2/A5401 Study Team, Hughes Michael D. , Smith Davey M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAnti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies are mainstay COVID-19 therapeutics. Safety, antiviral, and clinical efficacy of bamlanivimab were evaluated in the randomized controlled trial ACTIV-2/A5401. Non-hospitalized adults were randomized 1:1 within 10 days of COVID-19 symptoms to bamlanivimab or blinded-placebo in two dose-cohorts (7000 mg, n = 94; 700 mg, n = 223). No differences in bamlanivimab vs placebo were observed in the primary outcomes: proportion with undetectable nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA at days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 (risk ratio = 0.82–1.05 for 7000 mg [p(overall) = 0.88] and 0.81–1.21 for 700 mg [p(overall) = 0.49]), time to symptom improvement (median 21 vs 18.5 days [p = 0.97], 7000 mg; 24 vs 20.5 days [p = 0.08], 700 mg), or grade 3+ adverse events. However, bamlanivimab was associated with lower day 3 nasopharyngeal viral levels and faster reductions in inflammatory markers and viral decay by modeling. This study provides evidence of faster reductions in nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels but not shorter symptom durations in non-hospitalized adults with early variants of SARS-CoV-2. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04518410.
Atomic transistors based on seamless lateral metal-semiconductor junctions with a sub-1-nm transfer length
Authors: Song Seunguk , Yoon Aram , Ha Jong-Kwon , Yang Jihoon , Jang Sora , Leblanc Chloe , Wang Jaewon , Sim Yeoseon , Jariwala Deep , Min Seung Kyu , Lee Zonghoon , Kwon Soon-Yong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe edge-to-edge connected metal-semiconductor junction (MSJ) for two-dimensional (2D) transistors has the potential to reduce the contact length while improving the performance of the devices. However, typical 2D materials are thermally and chemically unstable, which impedes the reproducible achievement of high-quality edge contacts. Here we present a scalable synthetic strategy to fabricate low-resistance edge contacts to atomic transistors using a thermally stable 2D metal, PtTe2. The use of PtTe2 as an epitaxial template enables the lateral growth of monolayer MoS2 to achieve a PtTe2-MoS2 MSJ with the thinnest possible, seamless atomic interface. The synthesized lateral heterojunction enables the reduced dimensions of Schottky barriers and enhanced carrier injection compared to counterparts composed of a vertical 3D metal contact. Furthermore, facile position-selected growth of PtTe2-MoS2 MSJ arrays using conventional lithography can facilitate the design of device layouts with high processability, while providing low contact resistivity and ultrashort transfer length on wafer scales.
Topology-optimized thermal metamaterials traversing full-parameter anisotropic space
Authors: Sha Wei , Hu Run , Xiao Mi , Chu Sheng , Zhu Zhan , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Gao Liang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt is widely adopted in thermal metamaterials that mixing different materials could conveniently result in effective thermal conductivities (ETCs) beyond naturally-occurring materials. When multiple materials are isotropically mixed, the ETC is a direct average governed by their filling fractions and given bulk conductivities. That could lead to an inhomogeneous and anisotropic value within the maximal and minimal thermal conductivities of constituent materials. Usually thermal metadevices rely on anisotropic thermal conductivity tensor, whose tensorial elements are frequently inter-dependent and confined within a limited parametric space. It is thus nontrivial to establish a design recipe for advanced thermal metamaterials whose ETCs could cover full-parameter anisotropic space. We demonstrate topological functional cells (TFCs) with copper and polydimethylsiloxane, and show that the anisotropic ETCs traverse their full-parameter space. Such robust scheme based on topology-optimized TFCs unlocks unexplored opportunities for functional thermal metadevices whose parameters may not be reached in previous mixing approaches. This study also sheds light on the developments in emerging acoustic, mechanical and electromagnetic composite materials.