bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning Curve of Closed Reduction and Internal Fixation for Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus in Children
Authors: Qian Chuang , Zheng Yiming , Meng Junrong , Mo Yueqiang , Sun Jinhua , Li Hao , Wang Dahui 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to identify the threshold for success in supracondylar humeral fracture surgery by describing the learning curve for beginners and exploring the relationship between the learning curve and the prognosis of supracondylar fractures of the humerus.MethodsSurgical information was collected of the first 100 humeral fractures treated by four pediatric orthopedic surgeons. The relationship between operation time, wire placement success rate, and surgical experience was determined using the restricted cubic strip (RCS). The inflection point in the curve and other risk factors that may affect fracture prognosis were collected and subjected to multiple logistic regression to clarify the relationship between the learning curve and prognosis of supracondylar fractures of the humerus. After the training, the four fresh surgeons were interviewed in the form of questionnaires to get feedback from the trainees.ResultsA total of 400 supracondylar fractures of the humerus from four pediatric orthopedists were included in the study. On an RCS analysis, 65 surgical experiences were the inflection point of the learning curve. Before and after these 65 surgical experiences, there were significant differences in the patients' anatomical reduction (186 vs. 122, P &lt; 0.001), conversion to incision (33 vs. 6, P = 0.008), and supervising physician guidance (28 vs. 2, P &lt; 0.001). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, functional recovery after supracondylar fractures of the humerus was significantly associated with surgical experience, intraoperative conversion to incision, and post-operative infection. Four surgeons and a supervisor were interviewed. They believed that self-confidence establishment requires the experience accumulation of about 30 operations. The most critical surgical technique is the reduction of fractures.ConclusionsAlthough the accumulated experience of 30 operations can establish the self-confidence of trainers, fresh surgeons must accumulate experience with 65 operations to master closed reduction and internal fixation for supracondylar fractures. Surgical experience significantly impacts the post-operative recovery of patients with fractures.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Relationship and Alliance Formation Processes in Psychotherapy: A Dual-Perspective Qualitative Study
Authors: Lavik Kristina Osland , McAleavey Andrew Athan , Kvendseth Eli Karoline , Moltu Christian 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo explore how therapists and clients act dyadically to establish a therapeutic relationship during the first five sessions of psychotherapy. The study aimed to identify both relational facilitative and hindering processes occurring in routine care.MethodsUsing the method ‘interpersonal process recall’ (IPR), we videotaped the third and fifth session of 12 psychotherapy dyads, and conducted video-assisted interviews with each therapist and client separately. In total, the data material consist of 47 IPR interviews. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach.ResultsThe analysis process revealed two main groups. The first group consisted of dyads with a positive relational outcome, and the second group consisted of dyads with a troubled or frail relational outcome. During the initial phase of therapy, clients described feeling overwhelmed by fear and shame. Positive relational development occurred when these emotions were successfully accommodated and replaced with a growing sense of safety with the therapist. However, the relationship became troubled when the client experienced an increase in shame and/or fear during the first sessions. When forming a therapeutic relationship, it is vital that the client experience the therapist as genuine and skilled, and that the therapist is able to engage and connect deeply with the client on a person-to-person level. The article further provides a discussion on how these dyadic experiences align with the working alliance and real relationship, and how the two consolidate during the first sessions of psychotherapy.ConclusionThe current study explored the complex relational processes underlying the formation of the therapeutic relationship. Core aspects of the real relationship are prerequisites to forming a collaborative working alliance in which both therapist and client are actively engaged. Facilitating a positive relationship is crucial in the early phase of psychotherapy, and therapists can actively identify and repair ruptures at this time.
Dementia and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gaigher Julia Mariano , Lacerda Isabel Barbeito , Dourado Marcia Cristina Nascimento 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic raised significant concerns related to the management of care for people with dementia, but few studies have examined the mental health of older adults with dementia and their caregivers during the pandemic, when compared to other populations. This systematic review thus aims to compare and discuss the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia and on their caregivers' mental health.MethodsA search was performed in the PubMed/Medline and ISI databases according to the PRISMA methodology. We included studies published in 2020 and 2021 with the following combinations of keywords: “COVID-19 and mental health and elderly,” “COVID-19 and mental health and dementia;” “COVID-19 and dementia and caregivers,” “pandemic and mental health and elderly,” and “pandemic and anxiety.”ResultsTwenty-two studies were included. Technology has proven to be an essential ally during the pandemic, since all 22 studies performed remote data collection. Nearly all the studies emphasized that social isolation and withdrawal can lead to the emergence or increase of neuropsychiatric symptoms and motor difficulties. However, the findings were mixed concerning the pandemic's impact on the cognition of people with dementia. Caregivers also suffered from the pandemic's impact, experiencing an increase in the burden of care and symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety. Few studies suggested measures to alleviate the difficulties of people with dementia and their caregivers. There are reports of the benefits of technology in communication and treatment through teleconsultations, however, not everyone has access to such technology, making it difficult to disseminate this tool to the target population.ConclusionsThe studies generally showed that social isolation can increase motor deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms and caregivers' burden and anxiety. New avenues for care and intervention are thus needed for older adults with cognitive deficits and their caregivers to avoid the intensification of physical and psychological suffering. Technological initiatives and support should consider people with cognitive impairment and different levels of technology literacy.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.
Spanish Adaptation of Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Participants With Cancer: Study Protocol of a Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Marco Jose Heliodoro , Llombart Pilar , Guillén Verónica , Baños Rosa M. , Romero Rocio , Garcia-Conde Ana , Pérez Rodríguez Sandra 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMeaning-Centered Psychotherapy (MCP) is effective in improving meaning in life, hope, optimism, self-efficacy, well-being, and quality of life, and in reducing stress in people with cancer. However, all the studies on the application of MCP in cancer patients have been carried out in Anglo-Saxon samples. Therefore, it is necessary to adapt and verify the efficacy of MCP in populations that speak languages other than English, such as Spanish. Moreover, to expand the data supporting the efficacy of MCP for cancer patients, it would be necessary to compare MCP to other active therapies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).MethodsThe aims of the proposed study are: the first objective is to verify the efficacy of the MCP intervention for Spanish participants with cancer in a randomized control trial (RCT) comparing it to CBT. The second objective is to analyze the feasibility and acceptance of MCP in Spanish participants with cancer. The third objective is to analyze whether the changes produced in the meaning in life dimensions (presence, search, comprehension, purpose, and mattering) will predict changes in anxiety, depression, quality of life, etc. Our research team adapted MCP for Spanish participants with cancer. This paper presents the study protocol. The study design consists of a two-arm RCT with two conditions: MCP and CBT, where participants will be randomized to one of the two groups. Eligible participants will be adults with stage I, II, and III cancer who were treated with curative intent and had completed their main medical treatment (surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy). Participants will be assessed at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up. The intention-to-treat principle will be used when analyzing data, using mixed-effects models with full information and maximum likelihood estimation.DiscussionThis study will provide results that confirm the efficacy of the MCP in Spanish participants with cancer.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov; https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/template/Home.vm?uid=U0005WS9&amp;ts=4&amp;sid=S000BOTT&amp;cx=bvr2ue, identifier NCT05197348
Global Trends and Research Hotspots of Exercise for Intervening Diabetes: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhijie , Zhu Yuanchun , Wang Qingfeng , Chang Tiantian , Liu Chunlong , Zhu Yi , Wang Xueqiang , Cao Xiangyang 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDiabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that often occurs in adults. Many studies have indicated that exercise is beneficial to the medical management of diabetes. Bibliometric analysis can help investigators to identify the current research concerns to guide future research directions. Nevertheless, the overview bibliometric analysis of this global research topic related to exercise and diabetes is lacking. The present bibliometric study aimed to investigate development trends and research hotspots of exercise and diabetes research and provide researchers with new perspectives in further studies.Materials and MethodsThe articles and reviews regarding exercise and diabetes between 2000 and 2020 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. The scientometrics analytical tool CiteSpace software was used to analyze the cooperation among countries/institutions/journals/authors, analysis of co-occurrence keywords, keywords bursts, and references.ResultsIn all, 3,029 peer-reviewed papers were found with a persistently increased tendency over time. The most prolific country and institution were the USA (965) and Univ Alberta (76), respectively. Diabetes Care published most papers (178) and was the most co-cited journal (2,630). Riddell MC had the most publications (53), and Sigal RJ was the most influential author (503 cited times). Colberg et al.'s paper (co-citation counts: 183) showed the strongest citation bursts by the end of 2020, which was the most representative reference. The four research focuses were mellitus, exercise, physical activity, and glycemic control. The two frontiers trends were sedentary behavior and stress. The combination of aerobic and resistance training can effectively improve glycemic control, decrease HbA1c levels, enhance cardiorespiratory fitness, improve lipid levels, and decrease the demand for non-insulin antihyperglycemic agents.ConclusionsThis study offers a scientific perspective on exercise and diabetes research and provides investigators with valuable information to detect the current research condition, hotspots, and emerging trends for further study.
Pilot Study of Real-World Monitoring of the Heart Rate Variability in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Brown Alexander A. , Ferguson Bradley J. , Jones Vovanti , Green Bruce E. , Pearre Justin D. , Anunoby Ifeoma A. , Beversdorf David Q. , Barohn Richard J. , Cirstea Carmen M. 
Published: July 2022

AimsCardiovascular dysautonomia may impact the quality of life and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Such dysfunction is not systematically assessed in these patients. Wearable devices could help. The feasibility of a wearable biosensor to detect heart rate variability (HRV), a physiological marker of sympathovagal balance, was studied for the first time in real-world settings in ALS.MethodsFive ALS patients (two early/three late; one bulbar-onset; mildly-to-moderately disabled) and five age/sex/BMI/comorbidities-matched controls underwent assessment of 3-day HRV via VitalConnect biosensor (worn on the left thorax). De-identified data captured by the biosensor were transferred to a secure cloud server via a relay Bluetooth device. Baseline ALS severity/anxiety and physical activity during testing were documented/quantified. Time-domain HRV measures (i.e., pNN50) were analyzed.ResultsAn overall 3-day abnormal HRV (pNN50 &lt; 3%), was found in three out of five patients (mean ± SD for the group, 2.49 ± 1.51). Similar changes were reported in controls (12.32 ± 21.14%). There were no statistically significant relationships between pNN50 values and baseline anxiety or physical activity during the tested days (p &gt; 0.05 for both groups). A negative correlation was found between pNN50 values and age in patients (p = 0.01) and controls (p = 0.09), which is similar with what is found in the general population. In line with prior studies, pNN50 values were independent of disease stage (p = 0.6) and disability (p = 0.4).ConclusionsThese preliminary results suggest that remote HRV measures using the VitalConnect is feasible and may constitute an improved strategy to provide insights into sympathovagal balance in ALS. Further work with larger sample sizes is warranted.
Quality Assessment of PBM Protocols for Oral Complications in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Part 1
Authors: Gobbo Margherita , Merigo Elisabetta , Arany Praveen R. , Bensadoun René-Jean , Santos-Silva Alan Roger , Gueiros Luiz Alcino , Ottaviani Giulia 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundRadiotherapy and chemotherapy are frequently employed in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients causing significant side effects that impair life quality and prognosis. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has become a growing approach to managing such oral complications. Despite its proven efficacy and absence of contraindications, there is still a lack of universally accepted disease-specific PBM protocols.ObjectiveA narrative review was conducted to identify the current proposals relating to the use of PBM to treat complications of oncological treatments in HNC patients.MethodsAn electronic search in PubMed and Scopus databases was performed with the following keywords: (“photobiomodulation” OR “PBM” OR “laser therapy” OR “LLLT” OR “laser”) AND (“head and neck cancer” OR “oral cancer”) AND (“mucositis” OR “oral mucositis” OR “dysgeusia” OR “oedema” OR “xerostomia” OR “dermatitis” OR “trismus”) until October 2021.ResultsA total of 35 papers were included in the narrative review. Oral mucositis was the most studied complication, and advisable protocols are conceivable. Although there is a growing interest in PBM to manage of xerostomia, radiodermatitis, pain, and trismus, literature is still scarce to propose a universally feasible protocol.ConclusionsPBM therapy could significantly prevent or reduce the severity of many side effects related to cancer therapies. More research is needed to obtain recommendations over the preferable parameters.
Modified SSR-NET: A Shallow Convolutional Neural Network for Efficient Hyperspectral Image Super-Resolution
Authors: Avagyan Shushik , Katkovnik Vladimir , Egiazarian Karen 
Published: July 2022

A fast and shallow convolutional neural network is proposed for hyperspectral image super-resolution inspired by Spatial-Spectral Reconstruction Network (SSR-NET). The feature extraction ability is improved compared to SSR-NET and other state-of-the-art methods, while the proposed network is also shallow. Numerical experiments show both the visual and quantitative superiority of our method. Specifically, for the fusion setup with two inputs, obtained by 32× spatial downsampling for the low-resolution hyperspectral (LR HSI) input and 25× spectral downsampling for high-resolution multispectral (HR MSI) input, a significant improvement of the quality of super-resolved HR HSI over 4 dB is demonstrated as compared with SSR-NET. It is also shown that, in some cases, our method with a single input, HR MSI, can provide a comparable result with that achieved with two inputs, HR MSI and LR HSI.
The Design and Development of an Embodied Semi-Autonomous Mentoring Intelligence (SAMI) for Use in Virtual Reality Interventions, Operationalized for the Self-Management of Chronic Pain
Authors: Bartlett J. , Fisher E. , Liikkanen S. , Turunen J. , Skog M. , Eccleston C. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Avatars are becoming more common in virtual reality, used as a guide, teacher, companion, or mentor through immersive experiences. Special attention needs to be paid to their design to ensure credibility and working alliance, to allow for the optimal delivery of behavior change content.Methods: We present a new embodied Semi-Autonomous Mentoring Intelligence (SAMI) avatar used in an immersive virtual reality intervention for the self-management of chronic pain. We discuss the research findings that were taken into consideration and guided the design and development of SAMI, such methods to promote working alliance with non-human agents, optimal characteristics of non-human agents, and features of effective “automation”.Conclusion: We provide a table of considerations and recommendations for researchers involved in designing future virtual reality characters. We provide suggestions on how future research could advance SAMI further for use in pain management and related interventions.
A Narrative Review on LI-RADS Algorithm in Liver Tumors: Prospects and Pitfalls
Authors: De Muzio Federica , Grassi Francesca , Dell’Aversana Federica , Fusco Roberta , Danti Ginevra , Flammia Federica , Chiti Giuditta , Valeri Tommaso , Agostini Andrea , Palumbo Pierpaolo , Bruno Federico , Cutolo Carmen , Grassi Roberta , Simonetti Igino , Giovagnoni Andrea , Miele Vittorio , Barile Antonio , Granata Vincenza 
Published: July 2022

Liver cancer is the sixth most detected tumor and the third leading cause of tumor death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy with specific risk factors and a targeted population. Imaging plays a major role in the management of HCC from screening to post-therapy follow-up. In order to optimize the diagnostic-therapeutic management and using a universal report, which allows more effective communication among the multidisciplinary team, several classification systems have been proposed over time, and LI-RADS is the most utilized. Currently, LI-RADS comprises four algorithms addressing screening and surveillance, diagnosis on computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diagnosis on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and treatment response on CT/MRI. The algorithm allows guiding the radiologist through a stepwise process of assigning a category to a liver observation, recognizing both major and ancillary features. This process allows for characterizing liver lesions and assessing treatment. In this review, we highlighted both major and ancillary features that could define HCC. The distinctive dynamic vascular pattern of arterial hyperenhancement followed by washout in the portal-venous phase is the key hallmark of HCC, with a specificity value close to 100%. However, the sensitivity value of these combined criteria is inadequate. Recent evidence has proven that liver-specific contrast could be an important tool not only in increasing sensitivity but also in diagnosis as a major criterion. Although LI-RADS emerges as an essential instrument to support the management of liver tumors, still many improvements are needed to overcome the current limitations. In particular, features that may clearly distinguish HCC from cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and combined HCC-CCA lesions and the assessment after locoregional radiation-based therapy are still fields of research.
Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Highly Stable and Efficient Lead-Free Perovskite FA1−xCsxSnI3-Based Solar Cells Using SCAPS
Authors: Sabbah Hussein , Arayro Jack , Mezher Rabih 
Published: July 2022

Formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved significant progress in the past several years. However, these devices still suffer from low power conversion efficiency (PCE=6%) and poor stability. Recently, Cesium (Cs)-doped Formamidinium tin iodide (FA1−xCsxSnI3) showed enhanced air, thermal, and illumination stability of PSCs. Hence, in this work, FA1−xCsxSnI3 PSCs have been rigorously studied and compared to pure FASnI3 PSCs using a solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) for the first time. The aim was to replace the conventional electron transport layer (ETL) TiO2 that reduces PSC stability under solar irradiation. Therefore, FA1−xCsxSnI3 PSCs with different Cs contents were analyzed with TiO2 and stable ZnOS as the ETLs. Perovskite light absorber parameters including Cs content, defect density, doping concentration and thickness, and the defect density at the interface were tuned to optimize the photovoltaic performance of the PSCs. The simulation results showed that the device efficiency was strongly governed by the ETL material, Cs content in the perovskite and its defect density. All the simulated devices with ZnOS ETL exhibited PCEs exceeding 20% when the defect density of the absorber layer was below 1015 cm−3, and deteriorated drastically at higher values. The optimized structure with FA75Cs25SnI3 as light absorber and ZnOS as ETL showed the highest PCE of 22% with an open circuit voltage Voc of 0.89 V, short-circuit current density Jsc of 31.4 mA·cm−2, and fill factor FF of 78.7%. Our results obtained from the first numerical simulation on Cs-doped FASnI3 could greatly increase its potential for practical production.