bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical comparison of DEC and DEC+J is identical to comparison of two ClaSSE submodels, and is therefore valid
Authors: Matzke Nicholas J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimStatistical model comparison has become common in historical biogeography, enabled by the R package BioGeoBEARS, which implements several models in a common framework, allowing models to be compared with standard likelihood‐based methods of statistical model comparison. Ree and Sanmartín (Journal of Biogeography, 45, 741–749, 2018) critiqued the comparison of Dispersal–Extinction–Cladogenesis (DEC) and a modification of it, DEC+J, which adds the process of jump dispersal at speciation. DEC+J provides highly significant improvements in model fit on most (although not all) datasets. They claim that the comparison is statistically invalid for a variety of reasons. I analyse the key claims made by the critique.LocationSimulated data.TaxonSimulated data.MethodsLikelihood calculations are checked by comparison between programs and by‐hand calculations, and by summing likelihoods across all possible datasets. Model adequacy of DEC versus DEC+J is checked by a simulation/inference experiment.ResultsMistakes in the critique's example likelihood calculations are demonstrated. DEC+J fits better on datasets because the DEC model is statistically inadequate in the common situation when most species have geographical ranges of single areas; the DEC model requires long residence times of multi‐area ranges, and when these are not observed, a model that does produce such data patterns, such as DEC+J, prevails. More fundamentally, statistical comparison of DEC and DEC+J produces identical log‐likelihood differences to statistical comparison of two submodels of ClaSSE where extinction rates are fixed to 0.Main ConclusionsDEC fails a basic model adequacy check for understandable reasons, while DEC+J does not. As Ree and Sanmartín recommend ClaSSE models as valid for comparison, the comparison of DEC and DEC+J is statistically valid according to their own criteria.
A novel monoclonal antibody associated with glucoside kills gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells based on glycosylation target
Authors: Xu Heng , Dun Boying , Liu Beiyi , Mysona David , She Jin‐Xiong , Ma Rong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlycosylation results in the production of glycans which are required for certain proteins to function. These glycans are also present on cell surfaces where they help maintain cell membrane integrity and are a key component of immune recognition. As such, cancer has been shown to alter glycosylation to promote tumour proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and immune envasion. Currently, there are few therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) which target glycosylation alterations in cancer. Here, we report a novel mAb associated with a glucoside, mAb 201E4, which is able induce cancer cell death and apoptosis based on a specific glycosylation target. This mAb evokes cancer cell death in vitro via caspase, fas, and mitochondrial associated apoptotic pathways. The efficacy of this mAb was further confirmed in vivo as treatment of mice with mAb 201E4 resulted in potent tumour shrinkage. Finally, the antibody was proven to be specific to glycosylation alterations in cancer and have no binding to normal tissues. This data indicates that mAb 201E4 successfully targets glycosylation alterations in neoplasms to induce cancer cell death, which may provide a new strategy for therapy in cancer.
Treatment of periodontitis and C‐reactive protein: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Luthra Shailly , Orlandi Marco , Hussain Syed Basit , Leira Yago , Botelho João , Machado Vanessa , Mendes José João , Marletta Debora , Harden Simon , D'Aiuto Francesco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSystemic inflammation is implicated in the onset and progression of several chronic diseases. Periodontitis is a potential trigger of systemic inflammation.PurposeTo comprehensively appraise all the evidence on the effects of the treatment of periodontitis on systemic inflammation assessed by serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels.Data SourcesSix electronic databases were searched up to 10 February 2022 to identify and select articles in English language only.Study SelectionTwenty‐six randomized controlled clinical trials reporting changes amongst 2579 participants about CRP levels at 6 months or more after treatment.Data ExtractionTwo reviewers independently extracted data and rated the quality of studies. Meta‐analyses were performed using random and fixed effect models.Risk of BiasRisk of bias (RoB 2.0 tool) and quality of evidence (GRADEpro GDT tool) analyses were completed.Data SynthesisTreatment of periodontitis reduced CRP levels by 0.69 mg/L (95% confidence interval: −0.97 to −0.40) after 6 months, but limited evidence was retrieved from studies with longer follow‐ups. Similar findings were observed in participants with other co‐morbidities in addition to periodontitis. Greatest reductions were observed in participants with concentrations of CRP >3 mg/L at baseline.LimitationsHigh level of heterogeneity.ConclusionsTreatment of periodontitis reduces serum CRP levels (up to 6 months follow‐up) to a degree equivalent to that observed after traditional lifestyle or drug interventions. This evidence supports a causal association between periodontitis and systemic inflammation.
Integrative analysis of genomic and exposomic influences on youth mental health
Authors: Choi Karmel W. , Wilson Marina , Ge Tian , Kandola Aaron , Patel Chirag J. , Lee S. Hong , Smoller Jordan W. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundUnderstanding complex influences on mental health problems in young people is needed to inform early prevention strategies. Both genetic and environmental factors are known to influence youth mental health, but a more comprehensive picture of their interplay, including wide‐ranging environmental exposures – that is, the exposome – is needed. We perform an integrative analysis of genomic and exposomic data in relation to internalizing and externalizing symptoms in a cohort of 4,314 unrelated youth from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.MethodsUsing novel GREML‐based approaches, we model the variance in internalizing and externalizing symptoms explained by additive and interactive influences from the genome (G) and modeled exposome (E) consisting of up to 133 variables at the family, peer, school, neighborhood, life event, and broader environmental levels, including genome‐by‐exposome (G × E) and exposome‐by‐exposome (E × E) effects.ResultsA best‐fitting integrative model with G, E, and G × E components explained 35% and 63% of variance in youth internalizing and externalizing symptoms, respectively. Youth in the top quintile of model‐predicted risk accounted for the majority of individuals with clinically elevated symptoms at follow‐up (60% for internalizing; 72% for externalizing). Of note, different domains of environmental exposures were most impactful for internalizing (life events) and externalizing (contextual including family, school, and peer‐level factors) symptoms. In addition, variance explained by G × E contributions was substantially larger for externalizing (33%) than internalizing (13%) symptoms.ConclusionsAdvanced statistical genetic methods in a longitudinal cohort of youth can be leveraged to address fundamental questions about the role of ‘nature and nurture’ in developmental psychopathology.
Investigations of methods for multiple time‐to‐event endpoints: A chronic myeloid leukemia data analysis
Authors: Wu Hongji , Hou Yawen , Chen Zheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn randomized controlled trials, multiple time‐to‐event endpoints are commonly used to determine treatment effects. However, choosing an appropriate method to address multiple endpoints, according to different purposes of clinical practice, is a challenge for researchers.MethodsWe applied single endpoint, composite endpoint and win ratio analysis to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) data to illustrate the distinctions with different multiple endpoints, including relapse, recovery and death after transplantation.ResultsRegarding relapse and death, the hazard ratio in single endpoint analysis (HRs) were 1.281 (95% CI: 1.061−1.546) and hazard ratio in composite endpoint analysis (HRc) were 1.286 (95% CI: 1.112−1.486) and 1/WR (win ratio) was 1.292 (95% CI: 1.115−1.497) indicated a similar negative effect for non‐prophylaxis patients. However, when considering recovery and death, the corresponding HRs = 1.280 (95% CI: 1.056−1.552) may not be enough to describe the effect on death with nonproportional hazards (p < 0.05), and for the composite endpoint analysis, the HRc = 0.828 (95% CI: 0.740−0.926) cannot quantify and interpret the clinical effect on the composite endpoint with the combination of recovery and death, while the 1/WR = 1.351 (95% CI: 1.207−1.513) showed an unfavourable effect for non‐prophylaxis patientsConclusionsWhen dealing with multiple endpoints, single endpoints, researchers may choose single endpoints, composite endpoints and WR analysis due to different clinical applications and purposes. However, both single and composite endpoint analyses are hazard‐based measures, and thus, the proportional hazards assumption should be considered. Moreover, composite endpoint analysis should be applied for endpoints with similar clinical meanings but not opposing implications. Win ratio analysis can be considered for different clinical importance of multiple endpoints, but the meaning of ‘winner’ needs to be specified for desired or undesired endpoints.
Novel image enhancement technology that helps find bleeding points during endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastric neoplasms
Authors: Funasaka Kohei , Miyahara Ryoji , Horiguchi Noriyuki , Omori Takafumi , Osaki Hayato , Yoshida Dai , Yamada Hyuga , Koyama Keishi , Nagasaka Mitsuo , Nakagawa Yoshiyuki , Hashimoto Senju , Shibata Tomoyuki , Hirooka Yoshiki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThe management of bleeding during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is critical and related to the procedure time. We collaborated on a new image enhancement algorithm with parameter optimization for clinical use being developed by FUJIFILM Co. and processed white light image data offline to evaluate the effectiveness of this technology. This study aims to evaluate the clinical usefulness of this technology.MethodsEighteen video scenes of bleeding points from five gastric ESDs were selected and processed by the new image enhancement algorithm. The time until a bleeding point was found, visibility of a bleeding point, and color abnormality of the submucosal layer were evaluated by ESD experts, ESD trainees, and endoscopy trainees. The color differences between the bleeding point and the surroundings in CIE‐L*a*b* color space were calculated in the original and enhanced images.ResultsThe time until a bleeding point was found in the enhanced videos was significantly shorter than that in the original videos (11.10 s vs 13.85 s) (P = 0.017). On a 5‐point (−2 to +2) Likert scale of visibility, the enhanced image was slightly superior to the original (+0.45), and the appearance of the submucosa was comparable between images (+0.14). The color difference among the bleeding areas on the enhanced images was significantly larger than that on the original images (10.93 vs 8.36).ConclusionThis novel image enhancement algorithm emphasizes the color difference between a bleeding point and the surrounding area, which would help find bleeding points faster during ESD for the less experienced endoscopists.
Using waste to supply steam for industry transition: Selection of target industries through economic evaluation and statistical analysis
Authors: Maki Seiya , Ohnishi Satoshi , Fujii Minoru , Goto Naohiro , Sun Lu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlobal warming mitigation requires worldwide action in a wide range of fields, including waste treatment and management. In Japan, demands to transform waste into energy as a greenhouse gas emissions reduction strategy are increasing. The use of steam generated from waste treatment plants as a source of energy in industries is a promising energy recovery method. In recent years, the feasibility and economic potential of conversion of waste into energy have been evaluated; however, economic efficiency is not always achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to classify steam supply targets based on profitability. Herein, we selected appropriate industries from different types and scales of industries for steam supply based on analyses carried out in Aichi Prefecture. Therefore, industries were classified based on their production shipment value. We also calculated the maximum profit potential from steam supply from waste treatment plants and the steam demand potential of each mesh. We applied data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate energy efficiency and regression analysis to evaluate the potential effects on growth. The appropriate industry was estimated through decision tree analysis based on DEA scores for the mixed industries cluster. We extracted four appropriate industries: pulp, textiles, ceramics, and steel. For each industry, we calculated the number of firms required in the mesh for economic benefit. We also selected industries that could be used to explore the potential of adopting the developed methodology for other regions and industries and for identification of waste treatment plants that could participate in steam supply.
Impact of advance care planning and end‐of‐life conversations on patients with cancer: An integrative review of literature
Authors: Goswami Poonam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose was to review published articles to examine the impact of advance care planning (ACP) and end‐of‐life (EOL) conversations on patients with cancer, and aimed to compare the findings for congruency with the goals of ACP.Design and MethodThe study was guided by Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methodology. Articles published between 2015 to 2020 were identified through electronic databases. The search included: Cumulative Index for Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, MEDLINE‐Ovid, and MEDLINE full text, and using the MeSH terms. Two hundred and five (205) articles were identified and screened for eligibility, and 15 articles were appraised.FindingsThe fifteen (15) articles that met the inclusion criteria included five (5) qualitative, eight (8) quantitative, and two (2) mixed methods. The review analysis revealed six themes emerged in three categories: cancer patients' experience with advance care planning (1) patients' prognostic awareness, (2) decision making; cancer patients' perceived outcomes with advance care planning (3) patient‐provider relationship, (4) concordance in care based on goals, and cancer patients' propositions related to advance care planning, (5) timings of advance care planning discussions, and (6) support during ACP and/or EOL conversations.ConclusionACP and EOL conversations play a critical role in cancer patients' awareness of their disease and prognosis and help them in making end‐of‐life care decisions.Clinical relevanceThere exists a need for earlier ACP and EOL conversations with cancer patients with emotional support during these conversations.
Meir Kahane and Race as Incarnational Theology
Authors: Heschel Susannah 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe widespread receptivity of Jewish communities around the world to Meir Kahane demands that we reconsider our narrative of modern Jewish history and religious thought. His racism, calls for violence, and protofascism are startling, given the standard presentation that liberalism and assimilation mark the modern Jewish era. Even more startling is that Kahane's name almost never appears in the major surveys of American Judaism, the history of Zionism, and modern Jewish thought. Yet, Kahane's influence is growing rapidly and already outweighs the influence of most other modern Jewish thinkers and shows no sign of abating, especially with the rise of authoritarian regimes around the world.
School‐Based Health Center Utilization During COVID‐19 Pandemic‐Related School Closures
Authors: Gallardo Michelle , Zepeda Alex , Biely Christopher , Jackson Nicholas , Puffer Maryjane , Anton Patricia , Dudovitz Rebecca 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known regarding utilization of school‐based health centers (SBHCs) during prolonged school closures, such as those that occurred during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We sought to compare SBHC utilization before and after pandemic‐related school closures across a network of SBHCs affiliated with a large Southern Californian urban school district.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of encounter data extracted from electronic health records from 12 SBHCs that remained open despite school closures, including patient demographics and diagnostic and billing codes. We used the Clinical Classifications Software Refined to group encounters for common primary care conditions. Utilization before and during pandemic‐related school closures was compared using logistic regression with cluster‐robust standard errors to account for clustering within clinics, after adjusting for month of encounter.ResultsDuring the pandemic, study SBHCs conducted 52,530 encounters and maintained ∼4040 encounters/month. The frequency of encounters for annual preventative health exams increased for school‐aged patients but decreased for other age groups while the frequency of encounters for mental health problems increased for all age groups.Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and EquityDespite pandemic‐related school closures, SBHCs appeared play a critical role in providing primary care to vulnerable communities.ConclusionsSBHCs may hold value beyond their co‐location with academic instruction.
Contending philosophy of social science perspectives: A flexible typology
Authors: Buch‐Hansen Hubert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhilosophy of social science (PoS) typologies can help practitioners in the social sciences to reflect upon the often‐tacit assumptions embedded in research. Existing PoS typologies however suffer from various shortcomings, one of them being a tendency to present extreme versions of the assumptions underpinning research. Having considered this and other shortcomings, the present paper advances a flexible PoS typology. Operating with strong and moderated versions of three PoS perspectives – positivism, constructionism and (critical) realism – the typology captures key assumptions underpinning a broad range of contemporary social research. Moreover, it opens up the possibility of contemplating the assumptions embedded in research in a more fruitful way. To render tangible how the typology constitutes an improvement over existing typologies, it is used in reflections on sustainability research on climate negotiations, green growth and housing development.
Chloroplast redox state changes mark cell‐to‐cell signaling in the hypersensitive response
Authors: Lukan Tjaša , Županič Anže , Mahkovec Povalej Tjaša , Brunkard Jacob O. , Kmetič Mirjam , Juteršek Mojca , Baebler Špela , Gruden Kristina 
Published: August 2022

Summary
Hypersensitive response (HR)‐conferred resistance is associated with induction of programmed cell death and pathogen spread restriction in its proximity. The exact role of chloroplastic reactive oxygen species and its link with salicylic acid (SA) signaling in HR remain unexplained.
To unravel this, we performed a detailed spatiotemporal analysis of chloroplast redox response in palisade mesophyll and upper epidermis to potato virus Y (PVY) infection in a resistant potato genotype and its transgenic counterpart with impaired SA accumulation and compromised resistance.
Besides the cells close to the cell death zone, we detected individual cells with oxidized chloroplasts further from the cell death zone. These are rare in SA‐deficient plants, suggesting their role in signaling for resistance. We confirmed that chloroplast redox changes play important roles in signaling for resistance, as blocking chloroplast redox changes affected spatial responses at the transcriptional level.
Through spatiotemporal study of stromule induction after PVY infection, we show that stromules are induced by cell death and also as a response to PVY multiplication at the front of infection. Overall induction of stromules is attenuated in SA‐deficient plants.
Dysphagia‐related mucositis in children undergoing chemotherapy: The COMEDY pattern
Authors: Bardellini Elena , Amadori Francesca , Veneri Federica , Albini Giorgia , Porta Fulvio , Alessandra Majorana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesChildren undergoing chemotherapy can experience dysphagia due to non‐erosive reflux disease (NERD). Oral mucositis (OM) associated with NERD‐dysphagia in children with cancer has recently been defined with the acronym COMEDY (Clenching, Oral Mucositis, closed Eyes, DYsphagia). This study aims to identify the prevalence of the COMEDY pattern among chemotherapy‐induced OM.Subjects and methodsForty‐two medical records of children undergoing chemotherapy for haemato‐oncologic diseases and presenting OM were reviewed. The following data were collected: age, type of haemato‐oncologic disease, presence of dysphagia, type of oral mucosal lesions (i.e. traditional oral mucositis or COMEDY pattern), site of oral lesions, ear‐nose‐throat (ENT) assessment for the indirect signs of NERD and paediatric neuro‐psychiatric (PNP) assessment.ResultsAmong 42 children with chemotherapy‐related OM, 6 patients (14.2%) showed the COMEDY pattern. Besides the characteristic clinical aspect of the oral mucosa, initially classified as grade II OM, these children suffered from NERD‐related dysphagia and PNP issues.ConclusionA COMEDY pattern can occur in a number of cases of chemotherapy‐induced OM; recognizing this pattern may improve the effectiveness of treatment.