bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining radiation therapy with zoledronate for the treatment of osteo‐invasive feline oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lundberg Alycen P. , Tran Hoang Christine , Billhymer Audrey , Selting Kim A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFeline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral tumour diagnosed in pet cats and carries a poor prognosis with <10% one‐year survival despite multi‐modal therapies. Tumours of the mandible or maxilla are frequently osteo‐invasive and pain can result from osteolysis. Zoledronate is a bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclasts and reduces bone resorption. Radiation therapy (RT) is used to treat FOSCC due to anti‐cancer activity and ability to improve quality of life. We hypothesized RT can be safely combined with zoledronate, and that this combinatory therapy would be efficacious, well tolerated, and result in decreased bone resorption in cats with FOSCC. SCCF1 cell line was treated with zoledronate before, concurrently, or after RT, and clonogenic assays were performed to determine if an optimal dosing schedule would be identified. Nine cats with osteoinvasive FOSCC were recruited for treatment with 4 weekly doses of 8 Gy RT combined with zoledronate administered at the first and fourth treatments. Serial CT scans were performed to assess tumour response. Safety and tolerability were monitored with hematologic and biochemical parameters, and acute radiation effects were characterized. Serum c‐telopeptide (CTx) and relative bone mineral density (rBMD) by dual ‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) quantified bone resorption. In vitro studies showed no clear benefit to timing of zoledronate with RT, therefore all zoledronate was administered concurrently with RT in FOSCC patients. Based on tumour volume, 4/9 (44.4%) cats achieved partial remission, 4/9 (44.4%) stable disease and 1/9 (11.1%) had progressive disease. The combinatory therapy was well‐tolerated based on biochemical measurements, and all patients experienced decreased serum CTx. Combining RT with zoledronate in tumour‐bearing cats is safe, well‐tolerated, results in a partial remission rate of up to 44%, and decreases serum CTx, a marker of bone resorption.
Autologous red blood cell transfusion does not result in a more profound increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure compared to saline in critically ill patients: A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Bosboom Joachim J. , Klanderman Robert B. , Terwindt Lotte E. , Bulle Esther B. , Wijnberge Marije , Eberl Susanne , Driessen Antoine H. , Winkelman Toon A. , Geerts Bart F. , Veelo Denise P. , Hollmann Markus W. , Vlaar Alexander P. J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTransfusion‐associated circulatory overload (TACO) is a major cause of severe transfusion‐related morbidity. Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) has been shown to induce hydrostatic pressure overload. It is unclear which product‐specific factors contribute. We set out to determine the effect of autologous RBC transfusion versus saline on pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) change.Materials and MethodsIn a randomized crossover trial, patients who had undergone coronary bypass surgery were allocated to treatment post‐operatively in the intensive care unit with either an initial 300 ml autologous RBC transfusion (salvaged during surgery) or 300 ml saline infusion first, followed by the other. Primary outcome was the difference in PCWP change. Secondary outcome measures were the difference in extra‐vascular lung water index (EVLWI) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI).ResultsChange in PCWP was not higher after autologous RBC transfusion compared to saline (ΔPCWP 0.3 ± 0.4 vs. 0.1 ± 0.4 mmHg). ΔEVLWI and ΔPVPI were significantly decreased after autologous RBC transfusion compared to saline (ΔEVLWI −1.6 ± 0.6 vs. 0.2 ± 0.4, p = 0.02; ΔPVPI −0.3 ± 0.1 vs. 0.0 ± 0.1, p = 0.01). Haemodynamic variables and colloid osmotic pressure were not different for autologous RBC transfusion versus saline.ConclusionTransfusion of autologous RBCs did not result in a more profound increase in PCWP compared to saline. RBC transfusion resulted in a decrease of EVLWI and PVPI compared to saline. Our data suggest that transfusing autologous RBCs may lead to less pulmonary oedema compared to saline. Future studies with allogeneic RBCs are needed to investigate other factors that may mediate the increase of PCWP, resulting in TACO.
Supplemental Material: A newly defined, long-lived Paleozoic intra-oceanic arc in the South Tianshan (NW China): Implications for multiple accretionary tectonics in the southern Altaids
Authors: Gao Limin , Xiao W.J. , al. et 
Published: May 2022

<p>Table S1: LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of the Akeyazi HABs, calc-alkaline granitoids, and Akeyazi sandstones. Table S2: SIMS zircon U-Pb isotopic data of the Akeyazi HABs and calc-alkaline granitoids. Table S3: Bulk rock geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotopic data, zircon U-Pb age and zircon Hf isotope of regional intermediate-basic rocks. Table S4: Compilation of detrital zircon U-Pb ages from the (meta-) sedimentary rocks from Yili Basin, Central Tianshan Block, South Tianshan Accretionary Complex and the northern Tarim Craton. </p>
Opt-out universal HCV and HIV screening in a Canadian emergency room: a
cross-sectional study
Authors: Martel-Laferriere Valerie , Baril Jean-Guy , Alarie Isabelle , Leblanc Judith , Côté José , Jourdenais Emmanuelle , Horth Damy , Lambert Gilles , Tremblay Cécile 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
To determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hepatitis C virus (HCV)
and HIV cases in a population sample tested in the emergency room (ER)
and to evaluate linkage-to-care.

Setting
Canadian university hospital.

Participants
Adults born after 1945 who consulted at ER for any condition and on
any shift were included. Patients unable to opt-out were
excluded.

Interventions
ER nurse confirmed patients’ eligibility and provided them with the
option to opt-out. A physician met patients with a new diagnosis.
Linkage-to-care was assessed 3 months postdiagnosis. Patients newly
diagnosed with HCV were considered linked if they had an HCV RNA test,
genotype, liver fibrosis evaluation, and if indicated, treatment
prescription. Patients newly diagnosed with HIV were considered linked
to care if they had an HIV serology confirmation test, viral load, CD4
cell count and started antiretroviral therapy.

Primary and secondary outcome measures
Primary objective: to determine the prevalence (overall and
undiagnosed cases) of HIV and HCV among the patients who consult the ER.
Secondary objectives: to determine the proportion of patients who
opt-out, assess the adherence of emergency staff to the offer of
testing, determine the proportion of patients linked to care at 3
months.

Results
Among 6350 eligible patients informed of the screening programme,
62.1% of patients were tested for at least one virus (HIV: 3905; HCV:
3910). 25% patients opted-out, 12% were not tested for organisational
reasons, 0.3% (18) patients were HCV-HIV coinfected. Overall prevalence
of HCV and HIV cases were 1.9% and 1.2%, respectively. Prevalence of new
cases was 0.23% (95% CI 0.12% 0.45%) for HCV and 0.05% (95% CI 0.01% to
0.20%) for HIV. Among the new cases, only two HCV-infected and one
HIV-infected patients were linked-to-care 3 months
postdiagnosis.

Conclusions
Identification of new cases of HCV and HIV through universal
screening at the ER and linkage-to-care were both low.

Trial registration number
NCT03595527; Results.
Impedance-based sensors discriminate among different types of blood thrombi with very high specificity and sensitivity
Authors: Messina Pierluca , Garcia Cédric , Rambeau Joachim , Darcourt Jean , Balland Ronan , Carreel Bruno , Cottance Myline , Gusarova Elena , Lafaurie-Janvore Julie , Lebedev Gor , Bozsak Franz , Barakat Abdul I , Payrastre Bernard , Cognard Christophe 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundIntracranial occlusion recanalization fails in 20% of endovascular thrombectomy procedures, and thrombus composition is likely to be an important factor. In this study, we demonstrate that the combination of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and machine learning constitutes a novel and highly accurate method for the identification of different human thrombus types.Methods134 samples, subdivided into four categories, were analyzed by EIS: 29 ‘White’, 26 ‘Mixed’, 12 ‘Red’ thrombi, and 67 liquid ‘Blood’ samples. Thrombi were generated in vitro using citrated human blood from five healthy volunteers. Histological analysis was performed to validate the thrombus categorization based on red blood cell content. A machine learning prediction model was trained on impedance data to differentiate blood samples from any type of thrombus and in between the four sample categories.ResultsHistological analysis confirmed the similarity between the composition of in vitro generated thrombi and retrieved human thrombi. The prediction model yielded a sensitivity/specificity of 90%/99% for distinguishing blood samples from thrombi and a global accuracy of 88% for differentiating among the four sample categories.ConclusionsCombining EIS measurements with machine learning provides a highly effective approach for discriminating among different thrombus types and liquid blood. These findings raise the possibility of developing a probe-like device (eg, a neurovascular guidewire) integrating an impedance-based sensor. This sensor, placed in the distal part of the smart device, would allow the characterization of the probed thrombus on contact. The information could help physicians identify optimal thrombectomy strategies to improve outcomes for stroke patients.
Transvenous Onyx embolization of a recurrent dural arteriovenous fistula through the deep venous system
Authors: Colasurdo Marco , Srinivasan Visish M , Shaltoni Hashem , Kan Peter 
Published: May 2022

Transarterial and, to a lesser extent, transvenous embolizations are commonly used in the treatment of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs).1 When the feeding artery is small and tortuous, leading to difficult or impossible safe navigation and effective embolization, transvenous embolization may be a safe alternative.2 3 The efficacy of transvenous strategies relies on successful navigation of the draining vein up to the arterial–venous connection of the fistula (‘foot of the vein’). This strategy has been shown to be an effective way of treating otherwise inaccessible dAVFs with low morbidity and improved occlusion rates.4 We present the transvenous coil and Onyx (Medtronic, Minnesota, USA) embolization technique for a previously treated and recurrent dAVF involving tentorial feeders from the inferolateral trunk (video 1). It is a unique case in which counterflow navigation into the draining vein was achieved through the deep venous system via the right basal vein of Rosenthal, with the use of balloon intermittent flow arrest.Video 1
Diagnostic performance of silent magnetic resonance angiography for endovascularly-treated intracranial aneurysm follow-up: a prospective study
Authors: Tan Song , Lu Yuzhao , Li Bin , Yang Qi , Zhou Xiaobing , Wang Yang 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundMultiple studies have reported the clinical usefulness of silent magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the follow-up of endovascularly-treated aneurysms. However, most previous studies were retrospective or with small sample sizes. The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of silent MRA in the follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated by different interventional approaches.MethodsPatients with endovascularly-treated intracranial aneurysms and followed by silent MRA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were enrolled. The visualization of treated sites on silent MRA was rated on a 5-point scale. The aneurysm occlusion status was evaluated using the Raymond Scale and a simplified two-grade scale.ResultsA total of 155 patients with 175 treated aneurysms were enrolled. The average score for the visualization of treated sites was 3.92±0.94, and 93.7% (164/175) had a score ≥3. In the subgroup analysis, except for the simple coiling group which had an obviously higher score (4.95±0.21), there was no significant difference among the stent-assisted coiling group (3.51±0.77), flow diversion group (3.74±0.80), and flow diversion with coiling group (3.40±1.17). Regarding aneurysm occlusion status, silent MRA and DSA were discordant for only one aneurysm using the Raymond Scale, and the inter-modality consistency was almost perfect (κ=0.992, 95% CI 0.977 to 1.000).ConclusionsSilent MRA showed an excellent diagnostic performance in the follow-up of endovascularly-treated intracranial aneurysms, and may be an ideal option for repeated examinations.
Prophylactic intra-arterial injection of lidocaine: a novel strategy to prevent endovascular embolization-induced trigeminocardiac reflex
Authors: Sun Zhaochu , Wang Ruiliang , Dong Hongquan , Li Zheng , Lu Hua , Hu Youli 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundTrigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is a brainstem reflex that can lead to hemodynamic instability manifested as bradycardia, decrease/increase of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and, in the worst case scenario, asystole during surgery. The effective intraoperative management of recurrent and profound TCR has yet to be established. This randomized paired study was performed to identify the effect of a prophylactic intra-arterial injection of lidocaine to prevent TCR caused by Onyx embolization during cerebrovascular intervention surgery.MethodsA total of 136 patients who received Onyx embolization under general anesthesia were assigned to a control group pretreated with intra-arterial saline injection or a lidocaine group pretreated with an intra-arterial injection of 20 mg lidocaine. Heart rate (HR) and MAP were closely monitored during the embolization procedures and the incidence of TCR, mainly characterized by a decrease in HR of ≥20%, and perioperative adverse events was recorded.ResultsDuring dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/Onyx injection, HR was much slower in the control group than in the lidocaine group (p<0.05). TCR occurred in 12 patients (17.6%) in the control group (cardiac arrest in 3 patients) with decreased (7 cases) or increased (5 cases) MAP, whereas no TCR was observed in the lidocaine group. Notably, most TCR episodes occurred in patients with dural arteriovenous fistula and middle meningeal artery being affected. The composite adverse events were significantly higher in the control group than in the lidocaine group (p<0.05).ConclusionThis prospective study shows that a prophylactic intra-arterial injection of 20 mg lidocaine could be recommended as a novel strategy to effectively and safely prevent TCR during endovascular embolization.
Association between anesthesia modality and clinical outcomes following endovascular stroke treatment in the extended time window
Authors: Dhillon Permesh Singh , Butt Waleed , Podlasek Anna , McConachie Norman , Lenthall Robert , Nair Sujit , Malik Luqman , Hewson David W , Bhogal Pervinder , Makalanda Hegoda Levansri Dilrukshan , James Martin A , Dineen Robert A , England Timothy J 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThere is a paucity of data on anesthesia-related outcomes for endovascular treatment (EVT) in the extended window (>6 hours from ischemic stroke onset). We compared functional and safety outcomes between local anesthesia (LA) without sedation, conscious sedation (CS) and general anesthesia (GA).MethodsPatients who underwent EVT in the early (<6 hours) and extended time windows using LA, CS, or GA between October 2015 and March 2020 were included from a UK national stroke registry. Multivariable analyses were performed, adjusted for age, sex, baseline stroke severity, pre-stroke disability, EVT technique, center, procedural time and IV thrombolysis.ResultsA total of 4337 patients were included, 3193 in the early window (1135 LA, 446 CS, 1612 GA) and 1144 in the extended window (357 LA, 134 CS, 653 GA). Compared with GA, patients treated under LA alone had increased odds of an improved modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge (early: adjusted common (ac) OR=1.50, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.74, p=0.001; extended: acOR=1.29, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.66, p=0.043). Similar mRS scores at discharge were found in the LA and CS cohorts in the early and extended windows (p=0.21). Compared with CS, use of GA was associated with a worse mRS score at discharge in the early window (acOR=0.73, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.96, p=0.017) but not in the extended window (p=0.55). There were no significant differences in the rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage or in-hospital mortality across the anesthesia modalities in the extended window.ConclusionLA without sedation during EVT was associated with improved functional outcomes compared with GA, but not CS, within and beyond 6 hours from stroke onset. Prospective studies assessing anesthesia-related outcomes in the extended time window are warranted.
Evaluation of postoperative recovery: past, present and future
Authors: Liu Yijun , Qiu Yanhua , Fu Yifan , Liu Jin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Postoperative recovery, as a window to observe perioperative treatment effect and patient prognosis, is a common outcome indicator in clinical research and has attracted more and more attention of surgeons and anaesthesiologists. Postoperative recovery is a subjective, multidimensional, long-term, complex process, so it is unreasonable to only use objective indicators to explain it. Currently, with the widespread use of patient-reported outcomes, various scales become the primary tools for assessing postoperative recovery. Through systematic search, we found 14 universal recovery scales, which have different structures, contents and measurement properties, as well as their own strengths and weaknesses. We also found that it is urgently necessary to perform further researches and develop a scale that can serve as the gold universal standard to evaluate postoperative recovery. In addition, with the rapid development of intelligent equipment, the establishment and validation of electronic scales is also an interesting direction.
Fast and precise model calculation for KATRIN using a neural network
Authors: Karl Christian , Eller Philipp , Mertens Susanne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present a fast and precise method to approximate the physics model of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment using a neural network. KATRIN is designed to measure the effective electron anti-neutrino mass $$m_\nu $$

m
ν

using the kinematics of $$\upbeta $$
β
-decay with a sensitivity of 200 meV at 90% confidence level. To achieve this goal, a highly accurate model prediction with relative errors below the $$10^{-4}$$

10

-
4

-level is required. Using the regular numerical model for the analysis of the final KATRIN dataset is computationally extremely costly or requires approximations to decrease the computation time. Our solution to reduce the computational requirements is to train a neural network to learn the predicted $$\upbeta $$
β
-spectrum and its dependence on all relevant input parameters. This results in a speed-up of the calculation by about three orders of magnitude, while meeting the stringent accuracy requirements of KATRIN.
A Rigidity Property of Complete Systems of Mutually Unbiased Bases
Authors: Matolcsi Máté , Weiner Mihály 
Published: May 2022

Suppose that for some unit vectors [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] we have that for any [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] is either orthogonal to [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] (i.e., [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are unbiased). We prove that if [Formula: see text], then these vectors necessarily form a complete system of mutually unbiased bases, that is, they can be arranged into [Formula: see text] orthonormal bases, all being mutually unbiased with respect to each other.
Treatment of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia with the Targeted Alpha-Particle Nanogenerator Actinium-225-Lintuzumab
Authors: Rosenblat Todd L. , McDevitt Michael R. , Carrasquillo Jorge A. , Pandit-Taskar Neeta , Frattini Mark G. , Maslak Peter G. , Park Jae H. , Douer Dan , Cicic Dragan , Larson Steven M. , Scheinberg David A. , Jurcic Joseph G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
The anti-CD33 antibody lintuzumab has modest activity against acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To increase its potency, lintuzumab was conjugated to actinium-225 (225Ac), a radionuclide yielding 4 α-particles. This first-in-human, phase I trial was conducted to determine the safety, pharmacology, and biological activity of 225Ac-lintuzumab.

Patients and Methods:
Eighteen patients (median age, 64 years; range, 45–80) with relapsed or refractory AML received a single infusion of 225Ac-lintuzumab at activities of 18.5 to 148 kBq/kg.

Results:
The maximum tolerated dose was 111 kBq/kg. Dose-limiting toxicities included myelosuppression lasting &gt; 35 days in one patient receiving 148 kBq/kg and death from sepsis in two patients treated with 111 and 148 kBq/kg. Myelosuppression was the most common toxicity. Significant extramedullary toxicities were limited to transient grade 3 liver function abnormalities. Pharmacokinetics were determined by gamma counting serial whole blood, plasma, and urine samples at energy windows for the 225Ac daughters, francium-221 and bismuth-213. Two-phase elimination kinetics were seen with mean plasma t1/2 − α and t1/2 − β of 1.9 and 38 hours, respectively. Peripheral blood blasts were eliminated in 10 of 16 evaluable patients (63%) but only at doses of ≥ 37 kBq/kg. Bone marrow blasts were reduced in 10 of 15 evaluable patients (67%), including 3 patients with marrow blasts ≤ 5% and one patient with a morphologic leukemia-free state.

Conclusions:
Therapy for AML with the targeted α-particle generator 225Ac-lintuzumab was feasible with an acceptable safety profile. Elimination of circulating blasts or reductions in marrow blasts were observed across all dose levels.
A Response to Paolo Euron’s “Uncanny Beauty: Aesthetics of Companionship, Love, and Sex Robots”
Authors: O’Sullivan Maria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe emergence of sex robots raises important issues about what it means to be human and the commodification of love, companionship, and sex. This commentary discusses the following question: If some members of society relate to robots as “humans,” what does this mean for society’s conceptualisation of personhood and intimate relationships? How love is expressed between individuals is normally considered a very private expression of companionship that should remain in the private sphere. This article examines whether sex robots should be subject to public regulation given the broader societal impacts of their ability to emotionally connect and elicit empathy from humans.
QBO Wind Influence on MJO-Induced Temperature Anomalies in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere in an Idealized Model
Authors: Lim Yuna , Son Seok-Woo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The dynamical mechanism by which the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) might influence the temperature anomaly, associated with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), in the equatorial upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) is examined by conducting a series of initial-value experiments using a dry primitive equation model. The observed temperature response to the MJO convection becomes colder and more in phase with the convection during easterly QBO (EQBO) than westerly QBO (WQBO) phases. This QBO-dependent MJO temperature anomaly in the UTLS is qualitatively reproduced by model experiments in which EQBO or WQBO background state is artificially imposed above 250 hPa while leaving the troposphere unaltered. As in the observations, the localized cold anomaly in the UTLS becomes strengthened and steepened with EQBO-like background state than WQBO-like one. It turns out that the QBO zonal wind, instead of temperature, plays a major role in determining the localized UTLS temperature anomaly by modulating wave energy dispersion.