bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and cerebral mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion for treating primary dysmenorrhea: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Dong Xiaohui , Yang Jie , Wei Wei , Chen Ling , Su Menghua , Li Aijia , Guo Xiaoli , Liu Liying , Li Shenghong , Yu Siyi , Zeng Fang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Acupuncture or moxibustion has been proven to be effective for patients with primary dysmenorrhea (PDM). However, the respective advantages and potential central mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion are worthy of investigating to promote their further application.

Methods
In this randomized controlled neuroimaging trial, 72 patients with PDM will be randomly assigned to three groups: acupuncture treatment group, moxibustion treatment group, and waiting list group. The acupuncture treatment group and moxibustion treatment group will receive acupuncture or moxibustion, respectively, for a total of 3 sessions over 3 consecutive menstrual cycles, and the waiting list group will not take acupuncture or moxibustion during these 3 menstrual cycles. The COX Menstrual Symptom Scale (CMSS), visual analog scale (VAS), and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) will be used to evaluate the clinical efficacy. The Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) will be used to assess the mental state and quality of life at baseline and at the end of treatment. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be performed for detecting the cerebral activity changes at baseline and at the end of the treatment. The clinical data and imaging data will be analyzed among the groups. Correlation analysis will be conducted to investigate the relationship between brain functional changes and symptom improvement.

Discussion
The application of the randomized controlled neuroimaging trial will provide objective and valid evidence about how acupuncture and moxibustion treatment relieve menstrual pain. The results of this study would be useful to confirm the potential similarities and differences between acupuncture and moxibustion in clinical efficacy and central mechanism for patients with PDM.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100043732. Registered on 27 February 2021
Hypoglycemia unawareness identified by continuous glucose monitoring system is frequent in outpatients with type 2 diabetes without receiving intensive therapeutic interventions
Authors: Huang Bingkun , Jiang Qiuhui , Wu Ting , Shen Qingbao , Wang Wengui , Wang Shoubi , Huang Yinxiang , Wang Shunhua , Huang Peiying , Lin Mingzhu , Shi Xiulin , Li Xuejun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with diabetes are prone to asymptomatic hypoglycemia (AH) due to diminished ability to perceive the onset of hypoglycemia. However, the actual prevalence and influencing factors of AH in outpatients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have not been well investigated.

Methods
A total of 351 outpatients with T2DM underwent glucose monitoring by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for consecutive 72 h without changing their lifestyle and treatment regimens. Hypoglycemia is defined as a blood glucose level less than 3.9 mmol/L, which was further divided into Level 1 hypoglycemia (blood glucose 3.0–3.9 mmol/L) and Level 2 hypoglycemia (blood glucose < 3.0 mmol/L). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the possible risk factors of AH.

Results
In all 351 subjects studied, 137 outpatients (39.0%) were captured AH events, in which Level 1 AH and Level 2 AH accounted for 61.3% and 38.7%, respectively. 85 (62.0%) of the AH patients experienced nocturnal asymptomatic hypoglycemia (NAH) and 25 (18.2%) exclusively NAH. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that patients with younger age, lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels were associated with increased risk of AH. While after further grading of AH, male sex and Dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) regime were shown to be associated with lower risk of Level 2 AH.

Conclusions
Hypoglycemia unawareness could be frequently observed at either daytime or nighttime, although NAH was more common, in outpatients with T2DM. Relative relax HbA1c targets should be considered for patients who are prone to AH.
Dynamic patterns of blood lipids and DNA methylation in response to statin therapy
Authors: Qin Xueying , Wang Yunzhang , Pedersen Nancy L. , Tang Bowen , Hägg Sara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Statins are lipid-lowering drugs and starting treatment has been associated with DNA methylation changes at genes related to lipid metabolism. However, the longitudinal pattern of how statins affect DNA methylation in relation to lipid levels has not been well investigated.

Methods
We conducted an epigenetic association study in a longitudinal Swedish twin sample in previously reported lipid-related CpGs (cg10177197, cg17901584 and cg27243685). First, we applied a mixed-effect model to assess the association between blood lipids (total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), total triglyceride (TG)) and DNA methylation. Then, we performed a piecewise latent linear–linear growth curve model (LGCM) to explore the long-term changing pattern of lipids and methylation in response to statin treatment. Finally, we used a bivariate autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals (ALT-SR) to analyze the cross-lagged effects in different lipid-CpG pairs in statin users and non-users.

Results
We replicated the associations between TC, LDL, HDL and DNA methylation level in cg17901584 and cg27243685 (P values ranged from 4.70E−12 to 1.84E−04). From the piecewise LGCM, we showed that TC and LDL significantly decreased in statin users before treatment started and then remained stable. For non-statin users, we only found a slightly significant decreasing trend for TC and TG. We observed a similar dynamic pattern for methylation levels at cg27243685 and cg17901584. Before statin initiation, cg27243685 showed a significantly increasing trend and cg17901584 a decreasing trend, but post-treatment, there were no additional changes. From the ALT-SR model, we found TG levels to be significantly associated with the DNA methylation level of cg27243685 at the next measurement in statin users (estimate = 0.383, 95% CI: 0.173, 0.594, P value < 0.001).

Conclusions
Longitudinal blood lipid and DNA methylation levels change after statin treatment initiation, where the latter is mostly a response to alterations in lipid levels and not vice versa.
Creating a digital database of tephra fallout distribution and frequency in Japan
Authors: Uesawa Shimpei , Toshida Kiyoshi , Takeuchi Shingo , Miura Daisuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTephra fallout is a potential hazard to livelihoods, critical infrastructure, and health, even in areas that are far from volcanoes. Therefore, it is important to quantitatively evaluate tephra fall hazards for both residents and infrastructure around hazardous volcanoes. Modern probabilistic volcanic hazard assessments of tephra fallout strongly rely on computer modeling; however, assessments based on isopach maps can also be also helpful in assisting decision-makers. To assess the tephra fall hazards in Japan, we created a digital database “Isopach map-Based Tephra fall Hazard Analysis (IB-THA)” and a tool to draw the cumulative number of tephra fallout events exceeding a specific thickness at a particular location. The database was re-digitized using an existing catalog of 551 tephra fall deposit distribution maps. The re-digitized datasets were utilized here to estimate the cumulative number of tephra fallout events exceeding a specific thickness at 47 prefectural offices for the last 150 kyr. This allowed the characterization of regional tephra fall hazards in Japan for the first time. High cumulative numbers (20) of tephra fall deposits > 0 mm were identified in the NE-E region (e.g., Maebashi), whereas low numbers (2) were recognized in the SW and W regions of Japan (e.g., Naha). The thickest tephra fall deposit (2850 mm) was observed at Kagoshima. We used IB-THA to create a hazard curve for Tokyo. This hazard curve provides the minimum frequency needed to exceed the tephra fall thickness at any location. To refine the digital database presented here, further studies are required to incorporate recent (i.e., 2003 or younger) tephra distributions, review questionable isopach maps, and improve the interpolation method for digitizing tephra fall distributions.
Enterotypical Prevotella and three novel bacterial biomarkers in preoperative stool predict the clinical outcome of colorectal cancer
Authors: Huh Ji-Won , Kim Min Jung , Kim Jaesik , Lee Hyeon Gwon , Ryoo Seung-Bum , Ku Ja-Lok , Jeong Seung-Yong , Park Kyu Joo , Kim Dokyoon , Kim Jihyun F. , Park Ji Won 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
A significant proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients suffer from early recurrence and progression after surgical treatment. Although the gut microbiota is considered as a key player in the initiation and progression of CRC, most prospective studies have been focused on a particular pathobionts such as Fusobacterium nucleatum. Here, we aimed to identify novel prognostic bacteria for CRC by examining the preoperative gut microbiota through 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.

Results
We collected stool samples from 333 patients with primary CRC within 2 weeks before surgery and followed up the patients for a median of 27.6 months for progression and 43.6 months for survival. The sequence and prognosis data were assessed using the log-rank test and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. The gut microbiota was associated with the clinical outcomes of CRC patients (Pprogress = 0.011, Pdecease = 0.007). In particular, the high abundance of Prevotella, a representative genus of human enterotypes, indicated lower risks of CRC progression (P = 0.026) and decease (P = 0.0056), while the occurrence of Alistipes assigned to Bacteroides sp., Pyramidobacter piscolens, Dialister invisus, and Fusobacterium nucleatum indicated a high risk of progression. A microbiota-derived hazard score considering the five prognostic bacteria accurately predicted CRC progression in 1000 random subsamples; it outperformed widely accepted clinical biomarkers such as carcinoembryonic antigen and lymphatic invasion, after adjustment for the clinicopathological stage (adjusted HR 2.07 [95% CI, 1.61–2.64], P = 7.8e−9, C-index = 0.78). PICRUSt2 suggested that microbial pathways pertaining to thiamine salvage and L-histidine degradation underlie the different prognoses.

Conclusions
The enterotypical genus Prevotella was demonstrated to be useful in improving CRC prognosis, and combined with the four pathobionts, our hazard score based on the gut microbiota should provide an important asset in predicting medical outcomes for CRC patients.
The Monkeypox Fear Scale: development and initial validation in a Peruvian sample
Authors: Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Vilca Lindsey W. , Carbajal-León Carlos , Gallegos Miguel , Reyes-Bossio Mario , Noe-Grijalva Martin , Delgado-Campusano Mariel , Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia Águeda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Fear is one of the basic emotions generated during periods of infectious diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale that assesses monkeypox fear, the Monkeypox Fear Scale (MFS).

Methods
A total of 451 Peruvians participated (61% women and 39% men), with a mean age of 28.31 years (SD = 9.72). based on procedures from classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT). Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) procedures were used.

Results
The results showed that MFS has a two-factor structure related to emotional and physiological fear factors (χ2 = 41.87; df = 12; p < .001; CFI = .99; TLI = .99; RMSEA = .074 [IC90% .051–.100]). In addition, the physiological and emotional factors showed good reliability. Measurement invariance analysis showed that the factor structure of the MFS is strictly invariant between male and female groups. Finally, the discrimination and difficulty parameters of the items show adequacy. In addition, the scale seems to be more accurate in measuring high levels of fear of monkeypox.

Conclusion
The MFS has adequate psychometric evidence to assess fear of monkeypox in the Peruvian population. These findings may guide future studies related to the consequences of monkeypox on mental health.
Microwave pyrolyzed sewage sludge: influence on soil microbiology, nutrient status, and plant biomass
Authors: Lonova Kamila , Holatko Jiri , Hammerschmiedt Tereza , Mravcova Ludmila , Kucerik Jiri , Mustafa Adnan , Kintl Antonin , Naveed Muhammad , Racek Jakub , Grulichova Marie , Miklasova Marta , Brtnicky Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Sewage sludge (SS) has been considered a potent source of soil nutrients. However, its direct application to agricultural soils have been discouraged owing to its toxic nature. Therefore, conversion and modification of SS to decrease its toxicity has resulted in advanced methods. Co-pyrolysis of SS with other amendments is an ideal treatment resulting in an environmentally safe and nutrient rich final products with additional properties to sequester carbon. In the present study, a novel biochar was produced through the microwave pyrolysis of SS mixed with zeolite and sawdust. The pyrolysis product was thus characterized for elemental composition, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and for its effects on soil microbial characteristics, soil health and plant biomass after soil application.

Results
Results revealed that, the SS modification resulted in stable product with higher nutrients which further depend on the type and ratio of feedstock used. Its application to soil significantly improved soil chemical and microbiological properties and altered lettuce biomass.

Conclusions
We concluded that sawdust feedstock promoted nutrient availability in the resulting biochar and induced higher activity of nutrient mineralizing enzymes, whereas zeolite slowed down the release of nutrients from soil and putatively immobilized enzymes. This joint effect of sewage sludge biochar, sawdust and zeolite benefited the plant acquisition of nutrients in comparison with the microbial nutrient uptake. We thus conclude that microwave pyrolyzed SS could be used as a soil enhancer.

Graphical Abstract
Quantitation and speciation of inorganic arsenic in a biological sample by capillary ion chromatography combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Seon-Jin , Lee Yonghoon , Nam Sang-Ho 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe toxicity and biological activity of arsenic depend on its chemical form. In particular, inorganic arsenics are more toxic than organic ones. Apart from the determination of total arsenics, their accurate speciation is important for toxicity assessment. To separate arsenic species using a cation or an anion separation column, at least 0.5–1.0 mL of sample is required because conventional ion chromatography columns use a sample loop of 100–200 μL. It is thus difficult to analyze samples with small volumes, such as clinical and biological samples. In this study, a method for separating arsenic species using a 5-μL sample loop combined with a capillary ion exchange column has been developed for analyzing small volume of samples. The separated arsenics were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. By oxidizing As(III) to As(V) prior to analysis, the total inorganic arsenics, As(III) and As(V), could be well separated from the organic ones. Linear calibration curves (0.5–50 μg/kg) were obtained for total inorganic arsenics dissolved in water. Sub-picogram-level detection limit was obtained. The analytical capability of this method was successfully validated for certified reference materials, namely water and human urine, with total inorganic arsenic recovery efficiencies of 100% and 121%, respectively. Our method requires less than ~ 10 μL of sample and will be very useful to analyze valuable samples available in limited amounts.
Anatomical variations and accessory structures in the maxilla in relation to implantological procedures: an observational retrospective study of 212 cases using cone-bean computed tomography
Authors: la Encina Augusto Cimolai-de , Martínez-Rodríguez Natalia , Ortega-Aranegui Ricardo , Cortes-Bretón Brinkmann Jorge , Martínez-González José María , Barona-Dorado Cristina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to analyze the prevalence of several maxillary anatomical/accessory structures, as well as variations within each type, assessing how accurate diagnosis can minimize the risk of intraoperative complications during implantological procedures in the oral cavity.Methods212 CBCT scans of the maxilla were analyzed, captured over a period of 18 months for surgical planning purposes. The prevalence of posterior superior alveolar arteries (PSAA), maxillary sinus septa (MSS), and branches of the canalis sinuosus (CS) were evaluated, as were the diameter and location of each anatomical structure in horizontal and vertical planes.P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsPSAAs were observed in 99.1% of cases, the intrasinus type being the most frequent; MSS were noted in 15.6% of the sample, mainly in the posterior region with sagittal orientation; CS branches were observed in 50% of patients, mainly in relation to the incisors and significantly more prevalent among males.ConclusionsThe use of CBCT significantly increases the possibility of clearly identifying these anatomical structures. The differences found between patients highlight the importance of carrying out an exhaustive radiological study of the individual to prevent complications, such as Schneiderian membrane perforation, neurovascular damage or bleeding during surgery.Graphical Abstract
Collagen type I-mediated mechanotransduction controls epithelial cell fate conversion during intestinal inflammation
Authors: Kobayashi Sakurako , Ogasawara Nobuhiko , Watanabe Satoshi , Yoneyama Yosuke , Kirino Sakura , Hiraguri Yui , Inoue Masami , Nagata Sayaka , Okamoto-Uchida Yoshimi , Kofuji Satoshi , Shimizu Hiromichi , Ito Go , Mizutani Tomohiro , Yamauchi Shinichi , Kinugasa Yusuke , Kano Yoshihito , Nemoto Yasuhiro , Watanabe Mamoru , Tsuchiya Kiichiro , Nishina Hiroshi , Okamoto Ryuichi , Yui Shiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The emerging concepts of fetal-like reprogramming following tissue injury have been well recognized as an important cue for resolving regenerative mechanisms of intestinal epithelium during inflammation. We previously revealed that the remodeling of mesenchyme with collagen fibril induces YAP/TAZ-dependent fate conversion of intestinal/colonic epithelial cells covering the wound bed towards fetal-like progenitors. To fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying the link between extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of mesenchyme and fetal-like reprogramming of epithelial cells, it is critical to understand how collagen type I influence the phenotype of epithelial cells. In this study, we utilize collagen sphere, which is the epithelial organoids cultured in purified collagen type I, to understand the mechanisms of the inflammatory associated reprogramming. Resolving the entire landscape of regulatory networks of the collagen sphere is useful to dissect the reprogrammed signature of the intestinal epithelium.

Methods
We performed microarray, RNA-seq, and ATAC-seq analyses of the murine collagen sphere in comparison with Matrigel organoid and fetal enterosphere (FEnS). We subsequently cultured human colon epithelium in collagen type I and performed RNA-seq analysis. The enriched genes were validated by gene expression comparison between published gene sets and immunofluorescence in pathological specimens of ulcerative colitis (UC).

Results
The murine collagen sphere was confirmed to have inflammatory and regenerative signatures from RNA-seq analysis. ATAC-seq analysis confirmed that the YAP/TAZ-TEAD axis plays a central role in the induction of the distinctive signature. Among them, TAZ has implied its relevant role in the process of reprogramming and the ATAC-based motif analysis demonstrated not only Tead proteins, but also Fra1 and Runx2, which are highly enriched in the collagen sphere. Additionally, the human collagen sphere also showed a highly significant enrichment of both inflammatory and fetal-like signatures. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed that the representative genes in the human collagen sphere were highly expressed in the inflammatory region of ulcerative colitis.

Conclusions
Collagen type I showed a significant influence in the acquisition of the reprogrammed inflammatory signature in both mice and humans. Dissection of the cell fate conversion and its mechanisms shown in this study can enhance our understanding of how the epithelial signature of inflammation is influenced by the ECM niche.
Refining the ERA5-based global model for vertical adjustment of zenith tropospheric delay
Authors: Zhu Ge , Huang Liangke , Yang Yunzhen , Li Junyu , Zhou Lv , Liu Lilong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTropospheric delay is an important factor affecting high precision Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning and also the basic data for GNSS atmospheric research. However, the existing tropospheric delay models have some problems, such as only a single function used for the entire atmosphere. In this paper, an ERA5-based (the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis) global model for vertical adjustment of Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD) using a piecewise function is developed. The ZTD data at 611 radiosonde stations and the MERRA-2 (second Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications) atmospheric reanalysis data were used to validate the model reliability. The Global Zenith Tropospheric Delay Piecewise (GZTD-P) model has excellent performance compared with the Global Pressure and Temperature (GPT3) model. Validated at radiosonde stations, the performance of the GZTD-P model was improved by 0.96 cm (23%) relative to the GPT3 model. Validated with MERRA-2 data, the quality of the GZTD-P model is improved by 1.8 cm (50%) compared to the GPT3 model, showing better accuracy and stability. The ZTD vertical adjustment model with different resolutions was established to enrich the model's applicability and speed up the process of tropospheric delay calculation. By providing model parameters with different resolutions, users can choose the appropriate model according to their applications.