bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A “cat”-astrophic case of Bartonella infective endocarditis causing secondary cryoglobulinemia: a case report
Authors: Vivekanantham Arani , Patel Rikesh , Jenkins Petra , Cleary Gavin , Porter David , Khawaja Fareed , McCarthy Eoghan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Culture-negative infective endocarditis (IE) constitutes approximately 10% of all cases of IE. Bartonella endocarditis is a common cause of culture-negative endocarditis and is associated with a high mortality rate. To date, no cases of Bartonella IE has been reported in association with cryoglobulinemia in the UK. We present a unique case of Bartonella IE causing secondary cryoglobulinemia in a young female.

Case presentation
A 17-year-old female with a background of pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect repaired with a cardiac conduit at the age of 4, presented with a one-year history of weight loss (from 53 to 39 kg) and poor appetite. She subsequently developed a vasculitic rash and haematoproteinuria with decline in renal function, requiring urgent hospital admission. Initial blood tests showed a near normal creatinine, but a raised cystatin C. Renal biopsy showed focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis with no acute tubular necrosis or chronic change. Subsequent blood tests supported a diagnosis of cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis (high rheumatoid factor, low complement, polyclonal gammopathy, Type 3 cryoglobulin). A weak positive PR3 meant there was some uncertainty about whether this could be a primary ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Initial workup for an infectious cause, including multiple blood cultures, were negative. However, an echocardiogram showed definite vegetations on her surgical conduit. The patient did not respond to empirical antimicrobials and so was referred for surgical revision of her conduit. Tissue samples obtained intra-operatively demonstrated Bartonella species. With targeted antimicrobials post-operatively, she improved with resolution of immunologic abnormalities and at last review had a normal renal profile. On reviewing her social history, she had adopted several stray cats in the preceding year; and thus, the cause of the Bartonella infection was identified.

Conclusion
This is the first reported case of Bartonella endocarditis causing secondary cryoglobulinemia reported in the UK. The key learning points from this case include that Bartonella endocarditis can present as a cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis and should be considered in any differential when the cause of cryoglobulinaemia is not clear and to enquire about relevant exposures especially when culture-negative endocarditis is suspected.
The potential application of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Elekhnawy Engy , Negm Walaa A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Given the severe infection, poor prognosis, and the low number of available effective drugs, potential prevention and treatment strategies for COVID-19 need to be urgently developed.

Main body
Herein, we present and discuss the possible protective and therapeutic mechanisms of human microbiota and probiotics based on the previous and recent findings. Microbiota and probiotics consist of mixed cultures of living microorganisms that can positively affect human health through their antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effect. In the current study, we address the promising advantages of microbiota and probiotics in decreasing the risk of COVID-19.

Conclusions
Thus, we recommend further studies be conducted for assessing and evaluating the capability of these microbes in the battle against COVID-19.
The experiential perspectives of siblings and partners caring for a loved one with an eating disorder in the UK
Authors: Batchelor Rachel , Cribben Hannah , Macdonald Pamela , Treasure Janet , Cini Erica , Nicholls Dasha , Kan Carol 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundCaring for a loved one with an eating disorder typically comes with a multitude of challenges, yet siblings and partners are often overlooked. It is important to understand if current clinical guidance for supporting carers are effective and being utilised for these groups, to help meet their needs.AimsTo identify the experiential perspectives of siblings and partners of a loved one with an eating disorder compared with guidance for improving the adequacy of support provided to carers published by Beat and Academy for Eating Disorders.MethodThree online focus groups were held for ten siblings and five partners from across the UK (12 females and three males). Carers had experience of caring for a loved one with anorexia nervosa (13 carers) or bulimia nervosa (two carers), across a range of therapeutic settings. Focus group transcriptions were analysed with thematic analysis.ResultsFour key themes were identified: (a) role-specific needs, (b) challenges encountered by siblings and partners, (c) generic needs and helpful strategies or approaches, and (d) accounts of service provision and family support.ConclusionsOverall, the majority of experiences reported by siblings and partners did not meet the published guidance. Consequently, clinical practice recommendations were identified for services, alongside the charity sector, to take a proactive approach in detecting difficulties, providing skills training and emotional/practical support, adapting/tailoring peer support groups and supporting online facilitation. Our findings part-informed the design of our national online survey on loved ones’ experiences of care in eating disorders.
Lenvatinib Therapy for Advanced Thyroid Cancer: Real-Life Data on Safety, Efficacy, and Some Rare Side Effects
Authors: Hamidi Sarah , Boucher Andrée , Lemieux Bernard , Rondeau Geneviève , Lebœuf Rebecca , Ste-Marie Louis-Georges , Le Xuan Kim , Mircescu Hortensia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Context
The SELECT trial led to the approval of lenvatinib for the treatment of advanced radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) but also revealed an important adverse event (AE) profile which may limit its use in clinical practice.

Objective
We aim to describe the efficacy and toxicity profiles of lenvatinib in real life.

Methods
We included all patients who received lenvatinib for an advanced DTC at our institution, enrolling 27 patients. We reviewed retrospectively electronic medical records to assess efficacy and AEs.

Results
Among the 24 patients with evaluation of tumor response during treatment, overall response rate (ORR) was 37.0% (95% CI, 19.4%-57.6%), and disease control rate was 85.2% (95% CI, 66.3%-95.8%). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 12 months (95% CI, 7.5-16.5]. The most prevalent AEs were hypertension (77.8%), fatigue (55.6%), and weight loss (51.9%). At least one grade ≥ 3 AE was experienced by 25/27 patients (92.6%), mostly hypertension (59.3%). Lenvatinib was discontinued due to AEs in 13/27 patients (48.1%). Interestingly, 1 patient experienced a grade 4 posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and another developed a Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Conclusion
The safety profile of lenvatinib in our cohort was similar to that reported in the literature, with a predominance of hypertension. Rigorous blood pressure control is therefore essential to avoid discontinuing therapy. We also report 2 severe and rarely described AEs that physicians should watch for. As for efficacy, although less than in the SELECT trial, ORR and PFS were similar to other real-life studies.
Four Editorials from Bint al-Nīl
Authors: Abi Samra Tom J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article is in two parts. The first part provides an overview of the life of the Egyptian feminist Doria Shafik (1908–1975) by drawing extensively on the work of her biographer Cynthia Nelson. This allows readers unfamiliar with Shafik to understand her social, political, and cultural milieu. The second part consists of translations from the Arabic of four editorials that Shafik wrote in her feminist magazine Bint al-Nīl.
How Hate Crime Laws Perpetuate Anti-Muslim Racism
Authors: Alsultany Evelyn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This essay focuses on two cases in which Muslim youth were murdered yet law enforcement refused to classify the murders as hate crimes. It examines the 2015 murders of Deah Barakat, Yusor Abu-Salha, and Razan Abu-Salha in Chapel Hill, North Carolina and the 2017 murder of Nabra Hassanen in Reston, Virginia. This author argues that the denial of these cases as hate crimes contributes to the diminishment of anti-Muslim racism and should be understood as a form of racial gaslighting—a systematic denial of the persistence and severity of racism. In conversation with those advocating for rethinking the criminal justice system through prison abolition and restorative justice, it posits that seeking state recognition for hate crimes cannot provide justice given that the state is responsible for constructing Muslims as a national security threat. It explores how anti-Muslim racism is upheld through extremely narrow and problematic definitions of racism and hate crimes, through an approach to hate crimes that prioritizes punishment over civil rights, and through creating a dilemma for Muslim communities who must seek recognition of anti-Muslim racism from the same state that enacts surveillance and violence on them.
The effect of snakehead fish extract on acute wound healing process in hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , Marsella Caroline Prisilia , Bukhari Agussalim , Cangara Muhammad Husni , Aman Andi Makbul , Aminuddin Aminuddin , Madjid Mardiana 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Wound healing is an integrated response to tissue injury. A hyperglycemic state can lead to delayed wound healing process. Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is native freshwater fish of South East Asia that contains high protein, albumin, and several micronutrients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of snakehead fish extract on acute wound healing process in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats.Methods: This study was an experimental trial on the hyperglycemic animal model. Thirty male Wistar streptozotocin-induced rats were divided into two groups which were then given snakehead fish extract (Pujimin Plus®) 81mg a day for 10 days after wound infliction in intervention group and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (Na-CMC) in control group. On day 0, day 3, and day 10 after wound infliction, the histological changes (number of neutrophil and fibroblast, and vascular changes of the wounded tissues) of each group were analyzed. Assessments were also made on erythema and crust formation by the visual scores.Results: Our study showed a significant increase in the number of fibroblasts on day 3 in the snakehead fish extract group compared to control group (40.33 ± 10.13 vs. 24.60 ± 10.25, p =0.04). There were no significant differences in vasculature and neutrophil numbers. The results also showed snakehead fish extract could decrease mean erythema visual score on day 3 (3.24 ± 0.25 vs. 3.64 ± 0.35) and decreased crust formation on day 5 (3.36 ± 0.75 vs 3.44 ± 0.83).Conclusions: Snakehead fish extract has potential effect to accelerate the wound healing process by increasing fibroblast, decreasing erythema, and decreasing crust formation in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats.
Paddy Stubble Management: A Study on Farmers’ Opinions
Authors: Sangwan Vikramaditya , Deswal Surinder 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to examine the paddy straw management practices by farmers amidst the various difficulties faced by them in terms of machinery, resources, etc. The study was conducted in Rohtak district of Haryana (India). A well-structured interview schedule was formulated and one hundred farmers were interviewed accordingly. Simple random sampling technique was adopted for the selection of twenty paddy growing farmers from each of the blocks viz. Rohtak, Sampla, Meham, Lakhan Majra and Kalanaur of the selected district. The data was analysed, tabulated and the results were drawn using the statistical tools of SPSS and MS Excel. The Chi-square test was used to establish the relation between the paddy straw management technologies and the reasons for non-adoption of these technologies.
It is found that maximum number of farmers are marginal land holders. Many farmers are unaware of the conservation techniques to manage paddy stubble viz. use of decomposers, etc. The high cost and low availability of paddy stubble management machinery also plague the farmers. The results of the study help in understanding the behaviours of farmers towards tackling the paddy stubble. Also, useful inputs can be drawn to design, manufacture and adopt the agricultural implements for stubble management.
The study is based on a sample of just hundred farmers and is limited to Rohtak district only.
Nevertheless, the study is valuable for it comprehensively interrelates the myriad aspects of paddy stubble management in the stubble burning prone area of Rohtak.
Responsibility for health - public awareness
Authors: Tomaszewska Katarzyna , Majchrowicz Bożena , Zimoń Paulina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract Health is the most precious value of every human being. Attitudes concerning health behavior are determined by many factors. Patterns of actions are passed on from the earliest years by parents and caregivers, which are copied or changed during the course of life. The adoption of health behaviors changes depending on age, gender, economic conditions, the influence of mass media, advertising, personality traits, socio-cultural factors. However, a person himself is responsible for the behaviors he undertakes that have a positive or negative impact on his health.
The aim of this study is to assess the responsibility for one's own health and the health-promoting behaviors undertaken by the individuals surveyed.
Material and methods The study involved 100 randomly selected residents of Przemyśl. It was conducted between December 2020 and the end of January 2021. The research was voluntary and anonymous. In this study, the method of diagnostic survey was used. The research tool was a survey questionnaire, which consisted of a questionnaire and the Juczyński Health Behavior Inventory, assessing behaviors in four categories: eating habits, preventive behaviors, health practices and positive mental attitude. A statistical significance level of p<0.05 was assumed.
Results and conclusions Low level of intensity of health behaviors was presented by 27% of subjects, average results were obtained by 43% of subjects. High level of intensity of health behaviors was presented by 30% of subjects. Women show a higher rate of proper eating habits, preventive behaviors, and work practices. Age of the subjects did not influence positive mental attitude. Subjects under 35 presented higher levels of health practices than subjects over 35.
Is Price Commitment a Better Solution to Control Carbon Emissions and Promote Technology Investment?
Authors: Fan Xiaoshuai , Chen Kanglin , Chen Ying-Ju 
Published: March 2022

Recent years have seen considerable debate about the practicability of a global quantity/price commitment to control carbon emissions and tackle environmental issues. In this paper, we study the impact of the cap-and-trade policy (quantity commitment) and the carbon tax policy (price commitment) on a firm’s technology investment and production decisions. The main feature captured in our model is that there exist correlated uncertainties between the sales market (demand uncertainty) and the permit trading market (permit price volatility) under the cap-and-trade policy. The correlation relationship stands on the following intuition. The demands for final products affect firms’ production output, which generates the needs of emission permits and influences the permit price. We show that under the cap-and-trade policy, with the uncertainty of the future emission price, the firm could flexibly adjust its production quantity to enhance its profit, resulting in low incentives to invest in clean technology. However, as the (positive) correlation between the sales market and the permit trading market increases, the production flexibility is constrained so that the firm has to increase its technology investment to hedge against the future risk of a high emission price. Making a comparison between the cap-and-trade and carbon tax policies, we find that when the correlation coefficient is moderate, the carbon tax policy generates a multiwin situation (i.e., more technology investment, higher expected profit and consumer surplus, and fewer carbon emissions). Case studies are provided to illustrate the implications and model variants are examined to check the robustness of the main results. Overall, our analysis sheds light on recent debate over carbon pricing and identifies the important role of correlated uncertainties in carbon policy design.This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.Funding: This work was supported by the stable support plan program of Shenzhen Natural Science Fund [Program Contract 20200925160533002] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72101105].Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4365 .
Market Freeze and Bank Capital Structure Heterogeneity
Authors: Song Fenghua , Thakor Anjan V. 
Published: March 2022

We develop a theory wherein a priori identical banks may trade loans in a search market with reusable information. The equilibrium is unique, but its nature depends on the probability of a future market state. When the probability of a boom is high, all banks hold no equity and do no screening. When this probability is low, all banks choose a high level of equity and screen loans. For intermediate probability values, the equilibrium is heterogeneous, with some banks posting equity and screening and others avoiding equity and screening. This endogenously arising heterogeneity generates interbank trading. The credit market is partially frozen in a recession: only high-capital banks have continued funding access. Low-capital banks obtain funding by selling legacy loans to banks with “financial muscle,” so market funding is reallocated from low-capital to high-capital banks. This paper was accepted by Bruno Biais, finance.
Evidence-informed practice: simplifying and applying the concept for nursing students and academics
Authors: Kumah Elizabeth Adjoa , McSherry Robert , Bettany-Saltikov Josette , van Schaik Paul 
Published: March 2022

Background: Nurses' ability to apply evidence effectively in practice is a critical factor in delivering high-quality patient care. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is recognised as the gold standard for the delivery of safe and effective person-centred care. However, decades following its inception, nurses continue to encounter difficulties in implementing EBP and, although models for its implementation offer stepwise approaches, factors, such as the context of care and its mechanistic nature, act as barriers to effective and consistent implementation. It is, therefore, imperative to find a solution to the way evidence is applied in practice. Evidence-informed practice (EIP) has been mooted as an alternative to EBP, prompting debate as to which approach better enables the transfer of evidence into practice. Although there are several EBP models and educational interventions, research on the concept of EIP is limited. This article seeks to clarify the concept of EIP and provide an integrated systems-based model of EIP for the application of evidence in clinical nursing practice, by presenting the systems and processes of the EIP model. Two scenarios are used to demonstrate the factors and elements of the EIP model and define how it facilitates the application of evidence to practice. The EIP model provides a framework to deliver clinically effective care, and the ability to justify the processes used and the service provided by referring to reliable evidence.
Impact of stoma leakage in everyday life: data from the Ostomy Life Study 2019
Authors: Jeppesen Palle Bekker , Vestergaard Martin , Boisen Esben Bo , Ajslev Teresa Adeltoft 
Published: March 2022

Background: Many people with a stoma experience leakage of stomal effluent. Aim: To investigate the impact of leakage on individuals with a stoma. Methods: The Ostomy Life Study 2019 included a survey concerning experiences with stomal effluent leakage and the validated Ostomy Leak Impact tool. Findings: Respondents with frequent leakage episodes were significantly more affected emotionally and they were feeling less in control than those who rarely or never experienced leakage. The emotional impact of experiencing leakage onto clothes appeared to last up to 1 year after the last leakage incidence. Because of worrying about leakage users increased their product usage and, of those who were in employment, 65% reported that leakage and the related worry influenced their ability to work. Conclusion: Most people with a stoma were emotionally impacted by experiencing leakage, especially by leakage outside the baseplate (resulting in soiled clothes). New solutions are warranted that can help reduce the impact of leakage.
Coherent-detection-based distributed acoustic impedance sensing enabled by a chirped fiber Bragg grating array
Authors: Zheng Zhou , Li Zhengying , Fu Xuelei , Gui Xin 
Published: March 2022

Distributed optical fiber sensing exploring forward stimulated Brillouin scattering (FSBS) has received wide attention, as it indicates a new sensing method to measure the liquid property surrounding an optical fiber. In the existing techniques, backward stimulated Brillouin scattering is adopted for detection of the sensing signal, which requires time-consuming signal acquisition and post-processing. In this work, an approach that distributedly measures FSBS spectra is proposed and demonstrated based on coherent detection. While an excitation pulse with single-frequency amplitude modulation is used to induce a guided acoustic mode in the fiber, a following pulse is adopted to probe the induced phase modulation. Using a chirped fiber Bragg grating array, an enhanced-backward-propagating sensing signal is generated from the probe pulse. Heterodyne coherent-detection-based phase demodulation is then realized by mixing the sensing signal with a local oscillator. The FSBS spectra can then be reconstructed from the beat signals with only one round of frequency sweeping. With significantly accelerated signal acquisition and simplified post-processing, the proposed distributed acoustic sensing system has achieved spatial resolution of 5 m over a 500-m sensing range.