bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential protective effect of C-phycocyanin from new extremophile strain Phormidium versicolor NCC-466 against cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in HEK293 cells and rats kidney
Authors: Guermazi Wassim , Athmouni Khaled , Diwani Nouha , Bidhi Mariem , Aloulou Ahmed , Ayadi Habib , Gammoudi Sana 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This research focused on the nephroprotective activity of phycocyanin (C-PC) a bleu protein pigment extracted from new halophile cyanobacteria Phormidium versicolor against cadmium induced renal damage in vitro and in vivo. In vitro study, 25 µg /ml C-PC was assessed for nephroprotective activity against 35 µg /ml of cadmium (Cd) induced toxicity in HEK293 cells by determining cell viability. The effect of Cd on lipid peroxidation and antioxydant capacity (SOD, GPx and CAT) was assessed. The results showed that cells exposed to Cd and treated with C-PC caused a significant increase in cell viability reached 90%. Morphological studies also supported the protective action of C-PC. In addition, in vivo study showed that the C-PC treated rats significantly prevented Cd-induced elevation of creatinine and urea concentrations. Antioxydant parameters catalase (CAT), Superoxyde Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione peroxydase (GSH-Px) of rat kidneys treated by C-PC were significantly antagonized for the pro-oxydant effect of Cd-exposure. This study suggests that P.versicolor phycocyanin has a significant in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potential on Cd-caused HEK293 and rats kidney.
Burden of neglected tropical diseases and access to medicine and diagnostics in Ethiopia: A scoping review
Authors: Semahegn Agumasie , Manyazewal Tsegahun , Getachew Eyerusalem , Fekadu Bethelhem , Assefa Esubalew , Kassa Munir , Davey Gail , Hopekins Michael , Araya Mesele , Woldehanna Tassew , Hanlon Charlotte , Fekadu Abebaw 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background The World Health Organization’s new roadmap for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) 2021–2030 aims to prevent, control, eliminate or eradicate 20 tropical diseases that are affecting the lives of 1.5 billion people worldwide. Ethiopia experiences a high burden of these diseases, but current access to diagnostics, medicine and /or care has been little explored to inform the country’s NTD strategic plan. This scoping review aimed to map and characterize the burden of NTDs and challenges in access to diagnostics, medicine and /or care in Ethiopia. Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from January 2000 until May 2022 and without restrictions of language or study design. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) was followed and the findings were synthesized narratively. Results The search resulted in 4,532 articles, of which 105 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the scoping review under three themes: burden of NTDs, access to medicine/drug, care and diagnostics. Although gains have been made in the prevention and control of NTDs in Ethiopia, the burden remains high and progress in access to diagnostics, medicine/drugs, and/or care is very slow. Poverty, poor quality of life, and underfunding of NTD programs decelerate the process of NTD elimination program in the country. Conclusions The review identified a considerable number of studies on the burden of NTDs in Ethiopia and strategies for diagnosis, treatment and/or care; however, there is a paucity of evidence on the suitability and potential benefits of novel diagnostic technologies and medicines in the country. A regular review and analysis of such country-level evidence is important to inform the country NTDs roadmap and local implementation strategies.
Level of Knowledge regarding Monkeypox among Peruvian Physicians during the 2022 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gonzales-Zamora Jose , Soriano-Moreno David R. , Soriano-Moreno Anderson N. , Ponce-Rosas Linda , Sangster-Carrasco Lucero , De-Los-Rios-Pinto Abraham , Benito-Vargas Raysa M. , Murrieta-Ruiz Valentina , Morocho-Alburqueque Noelia , Caira-Chuquineyra Brenda , Fernandez-Guzman Daniel , Ccami-Bernal Fabricio , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Alarcon-Parra Mariano , Pinedo-Soria Antony , Alave Jorge 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Monkeypox has become a public health emergency given the rapid spread of the disease worldwide. Due to the high incidence of this disease in Peru and the poor knowledge about monkeypox among healthcare workers in non-endemic countries, it is crucial to determine the knowledge status of Peruvian physicians.
Methodology:
We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study based on an online survey from August to September 2022. Physicians who had a medical license and lived and practiced Medicine in Peru were included. To evaluate the factors associated with a higher level of knowledge, we used crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using Poisson regression.
Results
We included 463 physicians. The mean age was 36.6 (SD: 10.3) years, and most were male (58.1%). Regarding knowledge, the median knowledge score was 14 [IQR: 13 to 15] out of 17 points. In terms of knowledge gaps, only 60.7% of the participants knew that there was an FDA-approved vaccine for monkeypox, 49.0% of participants knew about monkeypox proctitis and 33.3% acknowledged that it could be transmitted by the bite of an infected rodent. We found that taking care of patients with monkeypox (aPR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.72) was associated with a higher knowledge (> p50) while living in the jungle (aPR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.41 to 0.91) was associated with lower knowledge (< p50).
Conclusions
Our study showed a high level of knowledge about monkeypox among Peruvian physicians. However, educational campaigns may be necessary, especially for physicians from the jungle and those who do not have clinical experience in monkeypox.
Spin-up time and internal variability analysis for overlapping time slices in a regional climate model
Authors: Gullon Alvaro Lavin , Milovac Josipa , Dı́ez Markel Garcı́a , Fernández Jesús 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Long-term regional climate simulations are computationally very 8 costly. One way to improve their computational efficiency is to split them into 9 overlapping time slices, which can then be run in parallel. Although this proce10 dure reduces the cost, sufficient spin-up must be left at the start of each slice. 11 In any case, discontinuities will occur due to internal variability where two dif12 ferent slices join. In this study, we explore the relative role of spin-up time and 13 internal variability in the discontinuities of overlapping time slice simulations 14 and their effect on the simulated climate. This analysis has implications also 15 for non-overlapping time slices, commonly used in very high resolution climate 16 modelling, where long transient simulations cannot be afforded. We show that 17 discontinuities are negligible for surface and upper-air variables, but they are 18 noticeable in variables with long response times, such as soil moisture or snow 19 depth. For these variables, differences between the slices are mainly attributed 20 to internal variability, but also to insufficient spin-up time, depending on the 21 region. In general, the results show that the overlapping time slice approach 22 is valid to accomplish long term regional climate simulations.
Up-regulation of Core 1 Beta 1, 3-Galactosyltransferase Suppresses Osteosarcoma
Growth with Induction of IFN-γ Secretion and Proliferation of
CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Chen Haidan , Cai Huili , Tang Lei , Cegang Fu , Zhao Hongwei , Wang Bofei , Jia Siyu 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
Abnormal glycosylation often occurs in tumor cells. T-synthase (core 1 beta 1,3-
galactosyltransferase, C1GALT1, or T-synthase) is a key enzyme involved in O-glycosylation. Although
T-synthase is known to be important in human tumors, the effects of T-synthase and T-antigen
on human tumor responses remain poorly defined.

Methods:
In this study, a T-synthase-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or T-synthase-specific eukaryotic
expression vector(pcDNA3.1(+)) was transfected into murine Osteosarcoma LM8 cells to
assess the effects of T-synthase on T cells and cytokines.

Results:
The up-regulation of T-synthase promoted the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in vitro, but
it promoted the proliferation of tumor initially up to 2-3 weeks but showed significant growth inhibitory
effect after 3 weeks post-implantation in vivo. Osteosarcoma cells with high T-synthase expression
in vitro promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells. Further, T-synthase upregulation
promoted CD8+ T-cell proliferation and the increased production of CD4+ T cell-derived
IFN-γ cytokines to induce the increased tumor lethality of CTLs.

Conclusion:
Our data suggest that high T-synthase expression inhibits tumor growth by improving the
body's anti-tumor immunity. Therefore, using this characteristic to prepare tumor cell vaccines with
high immunogenicity provides a new idea for clinical immunotherapy of osteosarcoma.
Unveiling the Potential of Polyphenols as Anti-Amyloid Molecules in Alzheimer’s
Disease
Authors: Kabir Eva Rahman , Chowdhury Namara Mariam , Yasmin Hasina , Kabir Md. Tanvir , Akter Rokeya , Perveen Asma , Ashraf Ghulam Md. , Akter Shamima , Rahman Md. Habibur , Sweilam Sherouk Hussein 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that mostly affects the
elderly population. Mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis are yet to be fully revealed, but
there are several hypotheses regarding AD. Even though free radicals and inflammation are
likely to be linked with AD pathogenesis, still amyloid-beta (Aβ) cascade is the dominant
hypothesis. According to the Aβ hypothesis, a progressive buildup of extracellular and
intracellular Aβ aggregates has a significant contribution to the AD-linked neurodegeneration
process. Since Aβ plays an important role in the etiology of AD, therefore Aβ-linked pathways
are mainly targeted in order to develop potential AD therapies. Accumulation of Aβ plaques in
the brains of AD individuals is an important hallmark of AD. These plaques are mainly
composed of Aβ (a peptide of 39–42 amino acids) aggregates produced via the proteolytic
cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein. Numerous studies have demonstrated that various
polyphenols (PPHs), including cyanidins, anthocyanins, curcumin, catechins and their gallate
esters were found to markedly suppress Aβ aggregation and prevent the formation of Aβ
oligomers and toxicity, which is further suggesting that these PPHs might be regarded as
effective therapeutic agents for the AD treatment. This review summarizes the roles of Aβ in AD
pathogenesis, the Aβ aggregation pathway, types of PPHs, and distribution of PPHs in dietary
sources. Furthermore, we have predominantly focused on the potential of food-derived PPHs as
putative anti-amyloid drugs.
In Silico Analysis of the Antidepressant Fluoxetine and Related Drugs at
SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) and Papain-like Protease (PLpro)
Authors: Teixeira Rocha João Batista , Tronco Pauletto Pedro José , Omage Folorunsho Bright , Delgado Cássia Pereira , Nogara Pablo Andrei 
Published: October 2022

Background:
SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro or 3CLpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro) are common viral targets for repurposed drugs to combat COVID-19 disease. Recently, several anti-depressants (such as fluoxetine, venlafaxine and citalopram) belonging to the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and the Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRI) classes have been shown to in vitro inhibit viral replication.

Aim:
Investigate a possible action of fluoxetine and derivatives on SARS-CoV-2 protease sites.

Methods:
molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina. Both proteases structures and different drugs conformations were used to explore the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 inhibition on a Mpro or PLpro related pathway. Drug structures were obtained by optimization with the Avogadro software and MOPAC using PM6 method. Results were analysed on Discovery Studio Visualizer.

Results:
The results indicated that Mpro interacted in a thermodynamically favorable way with fluoxetine, venlafaxine, citalopram, atomoxetine, nisoxetine and norfluoxetine in the region of the active site, whether PLpro conformers did not come close to active site.

Conclusion:
In an in silico perspective, it is likely that the SSRIs and other anti-depressants could interact with Mpro and cause the enzyme to malfunction. Unfortunately, the same drugs did not present similar results on PLpro crystal, therefore no inhibition is expected on an in vitro trial. Anyway, in vitro test are necessary for the better understanding the links between SARS-CoV-2 proteases and anti-depressants.
Studying the Role of Alveolar Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Combination with
Bronchial Nitric Oxide to Predict Asthma Control in Children with Asthma:
A Real-Life Prospective Study
Authors: Duong-Quy Sy , Nguyen-Thi-Dieu Thuy , Do-Thi Hanh , Nguyen-Thi-Quynh Huong , Le-Thi-Minh Huong 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is currently used as a biomarker of
airway inflammation in patients with asthma. However, the role of alveolar nitric oxide (CANO) in
asthmatic children has not been clearly demonstrated

Methods:
It was a prospective and descriptive study. The measurement of FENO and CANO, spirometry, blood eosinophil counts (BEC), and total IgE levels were performed for each study subject.

Results:
This study included 109 uncontrolled asthmatic children without inhaled corticosteroid
(ICS) treatment. The exhaled NO level in asthmatic patients was significantly higher than in control
subjects: FENO: 22.5 vs. 8.4 ppb; CANO: 5.9 vs. 2.8 ppb; J’awNO (maximum airway nitric oxide
flux): 56.9 vs. 18.7 ppb; respectively. The sensitivities and specificities for asthma diagnosis with
the cut-off of CANO at 3.5 ppb and 5.0 ppb were 74.3% and 73.3%, and 46.0% and 83.3%, respectively. There were the moderate and the weak correlations between CANO with FENO and CANO
with IgE in asthmatic patients (r = 0.465, 95%CI (0.133-0.659), P=0.001; r=0.133, 95%CI (0.068-
0.497), P=0.184; respectively). The percentage of controlled asthma in patients with CANO ≥5 ppb
at inclusion was higher than that in CANO <5 ppb group.

Conclusion:
Exhaled NO is a relevant biomarker of allergic asthma. The level of FENO and CANO
might be used to predict asthma control in children.
Anti-cancer and Anti-venom Analysis of a Gedunin
Authors: Dagar Priya , Mishra Abha 
Published: October 2022

Background:
A Member of the Malvaceae family, Azadirachta indica (Neem) is well-known for its secondary metabolites, including limonoids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tetraterpenoids. These compounds have been studied for decades for their bioactivities, including antihemorrhagic and antiproteolytic, which provides information about the use of triterpenoids.

Methods:
Gedunin was purified by chromatography after being extracted using the Soxhlet method to ensure that it was present in the fruit of the (neem) A. indica plant. ICM Molsoft was used to test the substance for a potential inhibitory effect on the enzymes found in all species of snake venom, including 5'-nucleotidase, acetylcholinetrace, L-aao, metalloproteinase,

Results:
Our goal is to forecast the pharmacological characteristics of gedunin, which have demonstrated a wide range of action as a possible antidote for treating patients with snake bites. Our research also shows that gedunin has some anti-cancer action that was seen in experiments using the cell line HepG2.

Conclusion:
Gedunin has potential as a medication.
Ant Colony Optimization of Fractional-Order PID Controller based on
Virtual Inertia Control for an Isolated Microgrid
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed H. , Bahgat Mohiy , Abdel-Ghany A.M. , El-Zoghby Helmy M. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources has become necessary,
especially in isolated microgrids. This increase leads to a decrease in the total inertia of the
microgrids, which affects microgrid stability. Moreover, voltage and frequency control in lowinertia
microgrids is more difficult and sensitive.

Objective:
Improve low inertia isolated microgrids' dynamic response and save the microgrid stability
at different contingency and uncertainty conditions. Moreover, it allows for more penetration of
renewable energy sources.

Method:
Proposing different control strategies based on virtual inertia control. The first is a proportional-
integral-derivative (PID) controller, and then, to allow for more tuning flexibility, a fractional-
order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller is used. MATLAB TM/Simulink is used to
compare the response of the isolated microgrid without virtual inertia control, with conventional
virtual inertia control, PID-based virtual inertia control, and FOPID-based virtual inertia control.
The PID and FOPID controllers’ parameters are tuned using the ant colony optimization (ACO)
technique.

Results:
The proposed control techniques save the isolated microgrids' stability at different penetration
levels of renewable energy sources and operating conditions. At the same time, the isolated microgrid
without virtual inertia control or conventional virtual inertia control can not save its stability
in many operating conditions.

Conclusion:
The proposed fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID)-based virtual
inertia control has proven its effectiveness in saving the isolated microgrid stability and gives the
best controller response. FOPID-based virtual inertia control minimizes the frequency deviation
with different disturbances and operating conditions.
Applying Gamification Principles and Therapeutic Movement Sequences to Design an Interactive Physical Activity Game: Development Study
Authors: Kim Hyungsook , O'Sullivan David Michael , Chung Seong Hee 
Published: October 2022

Background
Depression is a severe illness that has accelerated with the spread of COVID-19 and associated lockdowns. As a result, reported physical activity has substantially decreased, further increasing depressive symptoms.

Objective
This study aims to explain the use of gamification principles to develop content for an interactive physical activity game for depression based on clinically proven depression diagnostic criteria.

Methods
We discuss related work in this field, the game design framework, the users’ depression severity, how we customize the contents accordingly, the gradual progression of the game to match exercise principles, and user flow optimization.

Results
We provide a brief description of each of the games developed, including instructions on how to play and design aspects for flow, audio, and visual feedback methods. Exergames (interactive physical activity–based games) stimulate certain physical fitness factors such as improving reaction time, endurance, cardiovascular fitness, and flexibility. In addition, the game difficulty progresses based on various factors, such as the user’s performance for successful completion, reaction time, movement speed, and stimulated larger joint range of motions. Cognitive aspects are included, as the user has to memorize particular movement sequences.

Conclusions
Mental health issues are linked to behavior and movement; therefore, future physical activity–based interactive games may provide excellent stimulation for inducing user flow, while physical activity can help train various physical fitness factors linked to depression.
HIV-Specific Reported Outcome Measures: Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties
Authors: Wang Ziqi , Zhu Yaxin , Duan Xiyu , Kang Hao , Qu Bo 
Published: October 2022

Background
The management of people living with HIV and AIDS is multidimensional and complex. Using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) has been increasingly recognized to be the key factor for providing patient-centered health care to meet the lifelong needs of people living with HIV and AIDS from diagnosis to death. However, there is currently no consensus on a PROM recommended for health care providers and researchers to assess health outcomes in people living with HIV and AIDS.

Objective
The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize and categorize the available validated HIV-specific PROMs in adults living with HIV and AIDS and to assess these PROMs using the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology.

Methods
This systematic review followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A literature search of 3 recommended databases (PubMed, Embase, and PsychINFO) was conducted on January 15, 2021. Studies were included if they assessed any psychometric property of HIV-specific PROMs in adults living with HIV and AIDS and met the eligibility criteria. The PROMs were assessed for 9 psychometric properties, evaluated in each included study following the COSMIN methodology by assessing the following: the methodological quality assessed using the COSMIN risk of bias checklist; overall rating of results; level of evidence assessed using the modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach; and level of recommendation.

Results
A total of 88 PROMs classified into 8 categories, assessing the psychometric properties of PROMs for adults living with HIV and AIDS, were identified in 152 studies including 79,213 people living with HIV and AIDS. The psychometric properties of most included PROMs were rated with insufficient evidence. The PROMs that received class A recommendation were the Poz Quality of Life, HIV Symptom Index or Symptoms Distress Module of the Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group, and People Living with HIV Resilience Scale. In addition, because of a lack of evidence, recommendations regarding use could not be made for most of the remaining assessed PROMs (received class B recommendation).

Conclusions
This systematic review recommends 3 PROMs to assess health outcomes in adults living with HIV and AIDS. However, all these PROMs have some shortcomings. In addition, most of the included PROMs do not have sufficient evidence for assessing their psychometric properties and require a more comprehensive validation of the psychometric properties in the future to provide more scientific evidence. Thus, our findings may provide a reference for the selection of high-quality HIV-specific PROMs by health care providers and researchers for clinical practice and research.