bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of interferon-gamma-stimulated melanoma progression by targeting neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)
Authors: Tong Shirley , Cinelli Maris A. , El-Sayed Naglaa Salem , Huang He , Patel Anika , Silverman Richard B. , Yang Sun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInterferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is shown to stimulate melanoma development and progression. However, the underlying mechanism has not been completely defined. Our study aimed to determine the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-mediated signaling in IFN-γ-stimulated melanoma progression and the anti-melanoma effects of novel nNOS inhibitors. Our study shows that IFN-γ markedly induced the expression levels of nNOS in melanoma cells associated with increased intracellular nitric oxide (NO) levels. Co-treatment with novel nNOS inhibitors effectively alleviated IFN-γ-activated STAT1/3. Further, reverse phase protein array (RPPA) analysis demonstrated that IFN-γ induced the expression of HIF1α, c-Myc, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), in contrast to IFN-α. Blocking the nNOS-mediated signaling pathway using nNOS-selective inhibitors was shown to effectively diminish IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression in melanoma cells. Using a human melanoma xenograft mouse model, the in vivo studies revealed that IFN-γ increased tumor growth compared to control, which was inhibited by the co-administration of nNOS inhibitor MAC-3-190. Another nNOS inhibitor, HH044, was shown to effectively inhibit in vivo tumor growth and was associated with reduced PD-L1 expression levels in melanoma xenografts. Our study demonstrates the important role of nNOS-mediated NO signaling in IFN-γ-stimulated melanoma progression. Targeting nNOS using highly selective small molecular inhibitors is a unique and effective strategy to improve melanoma treatment.
Preliminary results using a kit to measure tamoxifen and metabolites concentrations in capillary blood samples from women with breast cancer
Authors: Rehnmark Stefan , Shabo Ivan , Randahl Håkan , Wengström Yvonne , Rydberg Per , Hedayati Elham 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare 3 blood sampling methods, including capillary blood sampling, for determining Tamoxifen (TAM), Z-endoxifen (END), and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4HT) concentrations. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to quantify concentrations of TAM, END, and 4HT in plasma, venous blood, and capillary blood samples of 16 participants on TAM therapy for breast cancer. The rhelise kit was used for capillary sampling. Calibration curves using 13C-labeled analogs of TAM, END, and 4HT as internal standards were used for quantifications. A capillary sampling kit was used successfully for all participants. Mean TAM concentrations did not differ significantly in the 3 types of samples. Mean END and 4HT concentrations did differ significantly between capillary and venous blood samples, possibly related to photodegradation in the internal standards prior to use or degradation products with chromatographic retention times similar to the metabolites. TAM, END, and 4HT concentrations were relatively stable when stored for 14 days at 8 °C and 20 °C. Therapeutic drug monitoring of TAM using an innovative kit and capillary blood sampling is feasible. Preliminary data from this study will aid in developing a multicenter, randomized clinical trial of personalized TAM dose monitoring and adjustments, with the goal of enhancing the quality-of-life and outcomes of patients with breast cancer.Clinical Trial Identification: EudraCT No 2017-000641-44.
Did border closures slow SARS-CoV-2?
Authors: Shiraef Mary A. , Friesen Paul , Feddern Lukas , Weiss Mark A. ,   COBAP Team, Janabi Hawraa Al , Beling Elizabeth , Falcone Jonathan , Feddern Lukas , Hirst Cora , Murphy Nora , Stifel Elizabeth , Straight Erin , Tao Dongying , Tutaj Erin , Weiss Mark A. , Shiraef Mary A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite the economic, social, and humanitarian costs of border closures, more than 1000 new international border closures were introduced in response to the 2020–2021 pandemic by nearly every country in the world. The objective of this study was to examine whether these border closures reduced the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Prior to 2020, the impacts of border closures on disease spread were largely unknown, and their use as a pandemic policy was advised against by international organizations. We tested whether they were helpful in reducing spread by using matching techniques on our hand-coded COVID Border Accountability Project (COBAP) Team database of international closures, converted to a time-series cross-sectional data format. We controlled for national-level internal movement restrictions (domestic lockdowns) using the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) time-series data. We found no evidence in favor of international border closures, whereas we found a strong association between national-level lockdowns and a reduced spread of SARS-CoV-2 cases. More research must be done to evaluate the byproduct effects of closures versus lockdowns as well as the efficacy of other preventative measures introduced at international borders.
Enhancing membrane-based soft materials with magnetic reconfiguration events
Authors: Makhoul-Mansour Michelle M. , El-Beyrouthy Joyce B. , Mao Leidong , Freeman Eric C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAdaptive and bioinspired droplet-based materials are built using the droplet interface bilayer (DIB) technique, assembling networks of lipid membranes through adhered microdroplets. The properties of these lipid membranes are linked to the properties of the droplets forming the interface. Consequently, rearranging the relative positions of the droplets within the network will also alter the properties of the lipid membranes formed between them, modifying the transmembrane exchanges between neighboring compartments. In this work, we achieved this through the use of magnetic fluids or ferrofluids selectively dispersed within the droplet-phase of DIB structures. First, the ferrofluid DIB properties are optimized for reconfiguration using a coupled experimental-computational approach, exploring the ideal parameters for droplet manipulation through magnetic fields. Next, these findings are applied towards larger, magnetically-heterogeneous collections of DIBs to investigate magnetically-driven reconfiguration events. Activating electromagnets bordering the DIB networks generates rearrangement events by separating and reforming the interfacial membranes bordering the dispersed magnetic compartments. These findings enable the production of dynamic droplet networks capable of modifying their underlying membranous architecture through magnetic forces.
Promotion of the inflammatory response in mid colon of complement component 3 knockout mice
Authors: Choi Yun Ju , Kim Ji Eun , Lee Su Jin , Gong Jeong Eun , Jin You Jeong , Lee Ho , Hwang Dae Youn 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo determine whether complement component 3 (C3) deficiency affects its receptor downstream-mediated inflammatory response, the current study was undertaken to measure alterations in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)‑mediated cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) induction pathway, inflammasome pathway, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, and inflammatory cytokine expressions in the mid colon of C3 knockout (KO) mice. Significant enhancement was observed in expressions of key components of the iNOS‑mediated COX‑2 induction pathway, and in the phosphorylation of mitogen‑activated protein (MAP) kinase members. A similar pattern of increase was also observed in the expression levels of inflammasome proteins in C3 KO mice. Moreover, compared to WT mice, C3 KO mice showed remarkably enhanced phosphorylation of NF-κB and Inhibitor of κB-α (IκB-α), which was reflected in entirety as increased expressions of Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-6 and IL-1α. However, the levels of E-cadherin, tight junction channels and ion channels expressions were lower in the C3 KO mice, although myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity for neutrophils was slightly increased. Taken together, results of the current study indicate that C3 deficiency promotes inflammatory responses in the mid colon of C3 KO mice through activation of the iNOS‑mediated COX‑2 induction pathway, Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC)-inflammasome pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway, and the enhancement of inflammatory cytokine expressions.
Mangrove diversity is more than fringe deep
Authors: Canty Steven W. J. , Kennedy John Paul , Fox Graeme , Matterson Kenan , González Vanessa L. , Núñez-Vallecillo Mayra L. , Preziosi Richard F. , Rowntree Jennifer K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMangroves form coastal tropical forests in the intertidal zone and are an important component of shoreline protection. In comparison to other tropical forests, mangrove stands are thought to have relatively low genetic diversity with population genetic structure gradually increasing with distance along a coastline. We conducted genetic analyses of mangrove forests across a range of spatial scales; within a 400 m2 parcel comprising 181 Rhizophora mangle (red mangrove) trees, and across four sites ranging from 6–115 km apart in Honduras. In total, we successfully genotyped 269 R. mangle trees, using a panel of 677 SNPs developed with 2b-RAD methodology. Within the 400 m2 parcel, we found two distinct clusters with high levels of genetic differentiation (FST = 0.355), corresponding to trees primarily located on the seaward fringe and trees growing deeper into the forest. In contrast, there was limited genetic differentiation (FST = 0.027–0.105) across the sites at a larger scale, which had been predominantly sampled along the seaward fringe. Within the 400 m2 parcel, the cluster closest to the seaward fringe exhibited low genetic differentiation (FST = 0.014–0.043) with the other Honduran sites, but the cluster further into the forest was highly differentiated from them (FST = 0.326–0.414). These findings contradict the perception that genetic structure within mangroves forests occurs mainly along a coastline and highlights that there is greater genetic structure at fine spatial scales.
MIxS-SA: a MIxS extension defining the minimum information standard for sequence data from symbiont-associated micro-organisms
Authors: Jorge Fátima , Brealey Jaelle C , Brindley Paul J , Buysse Marie , Cantacessi Cinzia , Duron Olivier , Fichorova Raina , Fitzpatrick Connor R , Hahn Megan , Hunter Christopher , Hervé Vincent , Knoll Laura J , Kohl Kevin D , Lalle Marco , Lukeš Julius , Martínez Joaquín Martínez , Perkins Susan L , Poulin Robert , Rosario Karyna , Schneider Adam C , Schriml Lynn M , Thompson Luke R , Walls Ramona L , Dheilly Nolwenn M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The symbiont-associated (SA) environmental package is a new extension to the minimum information about any (x) sequence (MIxS) standards, established by the Parasite Microbiome Project (PMP) consortium, in collaboration with the Genomics Standard Consortium. The SA was built upon the host-associated MIxS standard, but reflects the nestedness of symbiont-associated microbiota within and across host-symbiont-microbe interactions. This package is designed to facilitate the collection and reporting of a broad range of metadata information that apply to symbionts such as life history traits, association with one or multiple host organisms, or the nature of host-symbiont interactions along the mutualism-parasitism continuum. To better reflect the inherent nestedness of all biological systems, we present a novel feature that allows users to co-localize samples, to nest a package within another package, and to identify replicates. Adoption of the MIxS-SA and of the new terms will facilitate reports of complex sampling design from a myriad of environments.
Photostability of 2,6-diaminopurine and its 2′-deoxyriboside investigated by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Caldero-Rodríguez Naishka E. , Ortiz-Rodríguez Luis A. , Gonzalez Andres A. , Crespo-Hernández Carlos E. 
Published: February 2022

The electronic relaxation pathways of 2,6-diaminopurine and its deoxyribonucleoside were elucidated in aqueous solution. It is shown that these purine derivatives are largely photostable to ultraviolet radiation.
Long-Term Impact of Study Abroad on Intercultural Development
Authors: Krishnan Lata A. , Jin Lan 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:The number of U.S. students who study abroad (SA) has increased significantly over the past 3 decades, and participant intercultural competence (ICC) has been shown to increase after studying abroad. However, few studies have evaluated whether these intercultural gains are maintained over the long term. The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term impact of SA on intercultural development and identify factors that may have impacted continued intercultural growth over time.Method:Thirty-four students who had studied abroad in programs led by the first author participated in the study and completed the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) as well as a qualitative questionnaire.Results:Comparison of pre-SA and current IDI developmental orientation (DO) scores showed that, although there was considerable individual variability, the group maintained their intercultural gains over time. Additionally, clinical experience with a diverse patient population was found to be a significant factor in facilitating intercultural growth. Qualitative data support these findings and indicate that continued long-term effort and engagement may facilitate the maintenance and further development of ICC.Conclusion:Developing ICC is a complex and long-term process, and it requires continued long-term effort and intentional engagement in a variety of intercultural learning activities, particularly clinical activities with individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds.
Charm and multi-charm baryon measurements via strangeness tracking with the upgraded ALICE detector
Authors: Dobrigkeit Chinellato David ,   for the ALICE Collaboration
Published: February 2022

We present a new method for detection of multiply charmed baryons via their decays into strange baryons, using ‘strangeness tracking’. This method makes use of the state-of-the-art upgraded silicon detectors in ALICE during Runs 3, 4 and beyond will enable the novel possibility of tracking strange hadrons directly before they decay, leading to a very significant improvement in impactparameter resolution. In this work, we will discuss how this new technique will be crucial to distinguish secondary strange baryons originating from charm decays from primary strange baryons. This is a particularly interesting possibility for the Ω− baryon coming from Ωc0 → Ω−π+ decays, since there is no other relevant feeddown source for Ω−. This, in turn, means that the main Ω− background for the Ωc measurement will point most accurately to the primary vertex, unlike pions or protons from other charm baryon decays.
We will illustrate the achievable performance of strangeness tracking for the Run 3 configuration of ALICE with the upgraded Inner Tracking System, which is fully instrumented with silicon pixel detectors. Moreover, we will discuss the potential of this technique in a future experiment with an extensive silicon tracking detector with a first layer very close to the interaction point. Finally, we will also cover other potential major applications of strangeness tracking, including measurements of hypernuclei such as the Λ3H.
Synthesis of Quinolino[1,2-c]quinazolin-6-one Derivatives via Formal (4+2)-Cycloaddition of Alkenes to Quinazolinе-Derived N-Acyliminium Cations: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Stepakov Alexander V. , Filatov Alexander S. , Larina Anna G. , Petrov Mikhail L. , Boitsov Vitali M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract3-Aryl-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2(1H)-ones were synthesized by reduction of 3-aryl-1-methylquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones with sodium triethylborohydride and studied as precursors of N-acyliminium cations that were expected to be trapped with various alkenes as (4+2)-cycloadducts. Unsubstituted 3-aryl-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2(1H)-ones in the presence of BF3·Et2O failed to produce the desired cycloadducts probably due to a homooligomerization reaction involving N-acyliminium intermediates. To prevent this side reaction, we found it necessary to introduce substituents at both positions C6 and C8 of the quinazoline ring and C4′ of the 3-phenyl substituent. Utilizing bromine atoms as substituents at C6 and C8, N-acyliminium cations generated from 3-aryl-6,8-dibromo-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2(1H)-ones in the presence of BF3·Et2O smoothly reacted with such alkenes as indene, acenaphthylene, styrene, α-methylstyrene to give new quinolino[1,2-c]quinazolin-6-one derivatives with high regio- and stereoselectivity. Density functional theory calculations were performed at the M06-2x/cc-pVDZ level to obtain an insight into the mechanism of the (4+2)-cycloaddition reaction of quinazoline-derived N-acyliminium cations to alkenes.
Evolution of a Reagent-Controlled Strategy for β-Selective C-Glycoside Synthesis
Authors: Bennett Clay S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
C-Alkyl glycosides represent an attractive class of nonhydrolyzable carbohydrate mimetics which possess enormous potential as next-generation therapeutics. Methods for the direct stereoselective synthesis of C-alkyl glycosides with a broad substrate tolerance are limited, however. This is especially in the case of β-linked C-alkyl glycosides, where direct methods for synthesis from commonly available coupling partners remain limited. This Account describes the evolution of our laboratory’s studies on glycosyl sulfonate chemistry from a method for the construction of simple β-linked 2-deoxy-sugars to a technology for the direct synthesis of β-linked acyl and homoacyl glycosides that can be elaborated into more complex structures.1	Introduction2	Glycosyl Sulfonates3	Glycosyl Sulfonates in Oligosaccharide Synthesis4	Matching Donor and Sulfonate Reactivity5	β-Linked C-Acyl and Homoacyl Glycoside Synthesis6	Elaboration to other Products7	Conclusion
Long-Term Opioid Use Following Surgery for Symptomatic Neuroma
Authors: Lans Jonathan , Westenberg Ritsaart F. , Gottlieb Rachel E. , Valerio Ian L. , Chen Neal C. , Eberlin Kyle R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Identifying patients at risk for prolonged opioid use following surgery for symptomatic neuroma would be beneficial for perioperative management. The aim of this study is to identify the factors associated with postoperative opioid use of >4 weeks in patients undergoing neuroma surgery.
Methods After retrospective identification, 77 patients who underwent surgery for symptomatic neuroma of the upper or lower extremity were enrolled. Patients completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) depression, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score, and a custom medication questionnaire at a median of 9.7 years (range: 2.5–16.8 years) following surgery. Neuroma excision followed by nerve implantation (n = 39, 51%), nerve reconstruction/repair (n = 18, 23%), and excision alone (n = 16, 21%) were the most common surgical treatments.
Results Overall, 27% (n = 21) of patients reported opioid use of more than 4 weeks postoperatively. Twenty-three patients (30%) reported preoperative opioid use of which 11 (48%) did not report opioid use for >4 weeks, postoperatively. In multivariable logistic regression, preoperative opioid use was independently associated with opioid use of >4 weeks, postoperatively (odds ratio [OR] = 4.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36–14.3, p = 0.013).
Conclusion Neuroma surgery reduces opioid use in many patients but patients who are taking opioids preoperatively are at risk for longer opioid use. Almost one-third of patients reported opioid use longer than 4 weeks, postoperatively.
Topic modelling exposes disciplinary divergence in research on the nexus between human mobility and the environment
Authors: Zander Kerstin K. , Garnett Stephen T. , Sterly Harald , Ayeb-Karlsson Sonja , Šedová Barbora , Lotze-Campen Hermann , Richerzhagen Carmen , Baggen Hunter S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHuman mobility is increasingly associated with environmental and climatic factors. One way to explore how mobility and the environment are linked is to review the research on different aspects of the topic. However, so many relevant articles are published that analysis of the literature using conventional techniques is becoming prohibitively arduous. To overcome this constraint, we have applied automated textual analysis. Using unsupervised topic modelling on 3197 peer-reviewed articles on the nexus between mobility and the environment published over the last 30 years, we identify 37 major topics. Based on their language use, the topics were deeply branched into two categories of focus: Impact and Adaptation. The Impact theme is further clustered into sub-themes on vulnerability and residential mobility, while articles within the Adaptation theme are clustered into governance, disaster management and farming. The analysis revealed opportunities for greater collaboration within environmental mobility research, particularly improved integration of adaptation and impact research. The topic analysis also revealed that, in the last 30 years, very little research appears to have been undertaken in migration destinations or on the fate of environmentally influenced migrants during their migration process and after arriving in a new location. There are also research gaps in gender and Indigenous issues within the Impact theme, as well as on adaptive capacity and capacity-building.
Contribution of K solubilising bacteria (
Authors: Zhang Xianchen , Wang Ningning , Hou Mengmeng , Wu Honghong , Jiang Hong , Zhou Ziwen , Chang Na , Wang Qianqian , Wan Xiaochun , Jiang Jiayue , Shen Zhougao , Li Yeyun 
Published: February 2022

K+ availability is important for growth and quality of tea (Camellia sine sis L.). K solubilising bacteria convert insoluble K to available K. This study was conducted to screen K solubilising bacteria isolated from tea rhizosphere soil in Qimen county, Anhui province, China. The maximum K solubilisation colony (the ratio of diameter halo/colony was 2.54) was identified as Burkholderia sp. (storage number: M2021105) by biochemistry and molecular analysis. Pot experiments (Laterite) showed that the inoculation of Burkholderia sp. significantly improved tea plant height (Zhongcha108, 1 year old) and total polyphenols content by 21.14% and 21.58% compared with the control, respectively. Higher polyphenol level promoted the formation of theaflavin in the fermentation experiments. Further experiments showed that tartaric acid and pryuvic acid produced by Burkholderia sp. are important components associated with K solubilisation in vitro. Burkholderia sp. significantly increased soil available K by 15.12%; however, there was no significant difference in available N and P, and Cu, Mg, Zn and Ca compared with the control. K content in inoculated tea roots and leaves was significantly higher (50% and 10%, respectively) than the control. Compared with the control, exogenous supply of 60 mg kg−1 K significantly increased levels of polyphenol (53.97%), theaflavin (16.31%), theaflavin-3-gallate (20%), theaflavin 3′-gallic acid ester (32.24%) and theaflavin 3,3′-gallic acid ester (40.95%). Due to its ability to enable higher available soil K, ur study indicated that Burkholderia sp. have potential to increase total polyphenols content be a bio-inoculant for biofortification of tea.