bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Strategy for Polar Crystals with Dipolar Heterohelicenes
Authors: Hiroto Satoru , Wakita Mana , Chujo Moeko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPolar crystals have attracted interest for the applications to polar materials with piezo‐ and pyroelectricity, and second harmonic generation. Despite their potential utility for flexible polar materials, a strategy for ordering polar helicenes has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate the creation of polar crystals with unsymmetrically substituted aza[5]helicenes tuned by substituents. The unsymmetric aza[5]helicenes have been prepared through regioselective mono‐protiodesilylations. We disclose that triisopropylsilyl‐substituted derivatives show 1D chain columnar packings. In particular, enantiopure crystals showed spontaneous polarization. Optical and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction experiments with other derivatives, as well as theoretical calculations, revealed that the presence of triisopropylsilyl or electron‐withdrawing aryl substituents is essential for forming the 1D chain columnar structure. Hirshfeld surface analyses further showed that CH‐π interactions between 1D chain columns regulate the polar assembly. Finally, we determined the polarizability of the nitro derivative by ab initio calculation to be 4.53 μC/cm2. This value corroborates the first example of a spontaneously polar crystal of helicenes. We believe that this study will contribute to the development of polar materials from organic molecules.
Translation of ionic liquids to be enteric nanoparticles for facilitating oral absorption of cyclosporine A
Authors: Liu Kaiheng , Liu Wenjuan , Dong Zirong , Zhang Luyu , Li Qiuyu , Zhang Renjie , He Haisheng , Lu Yi , Wu Wei , Qi Jianping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) attract more and more interests in improving drug transport across membrane, including transdermal, nasal, and oral delivery. However, some drawbacks of ILs impede the application in oral drug delivery, such as rapid precipitation of poorly soluble drugs in stomach. This study aimed to employ enteric mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to load ILs to overcome the shortcomings faced in oral administration. The choline sorbate ILs (SCILs) were synthesized by choline bicarbonate and sorbic acid and then adsorbed in mesopores of MSNs after dissolving cyclosporin A (CyA). MSNs loading SCILs and CyA were coated by Eudragit® L100 to form enteric nanoparticles. The in vitro release study showed that the CyA and SCILs released only 10% for 2 h in simulated gastric fluids but more than 90% in simulated intestinal fluid. In addition, SCILs and CyA were able to release from MSNs synchronously. After oral administration, enteric MSNs loading SCILs were capable of improving oral absorption of CyA significantly and the oral bioavailability of CyA was similar with that of oral Neoral®. In addition, the oral absorption of enteric MSNs was higher than that of nonenteric MSNs, which showed that enteric coating was necessary to ILs in oral delivery. These findings revealed great potential of translation of ILs to be enteric nanoparticles for facilitating oral absorption of CyA. It is predictable this delivery system is promising to be a platform for delivering poorly water‐soluble drugs and even biologics orally.
Using period analysis to timely assess and predict 5‐year relative survival for colorectal cancer patients in Taizhou, eastern China
Authors: Zhang Min , Cheng Yongran , Chen Bicheng , Li Runhua , Jiang Xiyi , Wang Liangyou , Chen Tianhui , Liao Qi , Chen Jinfei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionWhile timely assessment of long‐term survival for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is essential for evaluation on early detection and screening programs of colorectal cancer, those data are extremely scarce in China. We aimed to timely and accurately assess long‐term survival for CRC patients in eastern China.MethodsPatients diagnosed with CRC during 2004–2018 and followed up until December 31, 2018 from four cancer registries with high‐quality data from Taizhou, eastern China were included. Period analysis was used to calculate 5‐year relative survival (RS) for overall and the stratification by sex, age at diagnosis and region. The projected 5‐year RS of CRC patients during 2019–2023 was also assessed using a model‐based period analysis.ResultsOverall 5‐year RS for patients with CRC during 2014–2018 reached 78.8%, being 74.9% for men and 86.1% for women. 5‐year RS declined along with aging, decreasing from 84.1% for age < 45 years to 48.9% for age > 74 years, while 5‐year RS for urban area was higher compared to rural area (83.9% vs. 75.8%). Projected overall 5‐year RS of CRC patients could reach 85.9% during the upcoming period 2019–2023.ConclusionsWe provided, for first time in China using period analysis, most up‐to‐date 5‐year RS for patients with CRC from Taizhou, eastern China and also found 5‐year RS for CRC patients have improved greatly during 2004–2018.
Antimicrobial drug use and the risk of glioma: A case–control study
Authors: Haedenkamp Tareq M. , Leitzmann Michael F. , Linker Ralf A. , Meier Christoph , Becker Claudia , Jick Susan , Hau Peter , Seliger Corinna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of antibiotics has been associated with increased risks of various cancers. Comprehensive information on the association of antibiotic use with the risk of glioma is lacking.MethodsWe performed a large case–control study based on the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD from the United Kingdom. We identified 4423 glioma cases recorded between 1995 and 2020 and matched them to controls (1:10) on the date of diagnosis (i.e., the index date), age, sex, general practice, and number of years of medical history in the database prior to the index date. We conducted conditional logistic regression analyses to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The exposures of interest were the use of antimicrobial drugs, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and anthelmintic drugs with specific subclasses, where possible.ResultsWe found no substantially increased risk of glioma after ever‐use of antibiotics (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.24). The risk did not increase with the increasing number of prescriptions received or with increasing time from first use to cancer diagnosis. The use of polyenes was associated with a weakly decreased risk of glioma (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.96).
NTRK3 mutation in secretory carcinoma of the parotid gland: A Case report
Authors: AlKaabba Fahad , Alloghbi Abdurahman , Deajim Yazeed , Sukkari Mohamad W. , Khan Mir Yousufuddin Ali , Sukari Ammar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMammary analog secretory carcinoma (MASC) is a newly described carcinoma with a molecular hallmark of ETV6‐NTRK3 fusion that promotes oncogenesis. While MASC histopathology was well‐studied in the literature, clinical behavior remains unstudied. We present a 22‐year‐old man with painless parotid mass, which was diagnosed as salivary gland cancer, MASC subtype.
Delayed distal pancreatectomy for isolated complete pancreatic disruption secondary to “trivial” blunt abdominal injury: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tamrat Girmaye , Kejela Segni 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPancreatic injury is a formidable diagnostic and therapeutic challenge owing to its relative rarity. Most injuries are from motor vehicle related injuries in blunt trauma patients. We present a 22‐year‐old male patient presented after sustaining a kick to the abdomen. He developed progressive abdominal pain with vomiting with delayed generalization of the pain and involuntary guarding. On initial exploratory laparotomy, suction drainage was inserted, and patient underwent delayed spleen sparing distal pancreatectomy on the 25th post‐admission day. Patient had smooth postoperative course and was discharged on the 7th postoperative day.
Prediction of software defects using deep learning with improved cuckoo search algorithm
Authors: Badvath Dhanalaxmi , Miriyala Aruna safali , Gunupudi Sai chaitanya Kumar , Kuricheti Parish venkata Kumar 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe software project model needs a defect prediction model to find defect‐prone file software systems. The fault‐prone model prediction, predicting bugs, and bug removal can undertake the software industry to achieve software quality. Therefore, automatically forecasting the number of errors in software modules is important, and it may assist developers in allocating limited resources more efficiently. Several methods for detecting and repairing such flaws at a low cost have been offered. These approaches, on the other hand, need to be significantly improved in terms of performance. Hence in this article, we implement an ensemble technique for the software defect prediction and prediction of the software bug. Also, we proposed a hybrid technique to predict several defects in the software system. The proposed approach uses principle component analysis for feature extraction which is to improve further performance and control the optimization problem. Classifiers were applied to five PROMISE datasets to determine the greatest implemented classifier with respect to the prediction achievement measuring factor. Our proposed model yields greater results on solving defect prediction problems and showing enhancement toward the existing model.
High‐Throughput Screening of Anti‐cancer Drugs Using a Microfluidic Spheroid Culture Device with a Concentration Gradient Generator
Authors: Lee Yugyeong , Chen Zhenzhong , Lim Wanyoung , Cho Hansang , Park Sungsu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTumor spheroid models are widely used for drug screening as in vitro models of the tumor microenvironment. There are various ways in which tumor spheroid models can be prepared, including the self‐assembly of cells using low‐adherent plates, micro‐patterned plates, or hanging‐drop plates. Recently, drug high‐throughput screening (HTS) approaches have incorporated the use of these culture systems. These HTS culture systems, however, require complicated equipment, such as robot arms, detectors, and software for handling solutions and data processing. Here, we describe protocols that allow tumor spheroids to be tested with different concentrations of a drug in a parallel fashion using a microfluidic device that generates a gradient of anti‐cancer drugs. This microfluidic spheroid culture device with a concentration gradient generator (μFSCD‐CGG) enables the formation of 50 tumor spheroids and the testing of drugs at five different concentrations. First, we provide a protocol for the fabrication of the μFSCD‐CGG, which has both a culture array in which tumor cells are injected and aggregate to form spheroids and a concentration gradient generator for drug testing. Second, we provide a protocol for tumor spheroid formation and HTS of anti‐cancer drugs using the device. Finally, we provide a protocol for assessing the response of tumor spheroids at different drug concentrations. To address the needs of the pharmaceutical industry, this protocol can be used for various cell types, including stem cells, and the number of tumor spheroids and drug concentration ranges that can be tested in the μFSCD‐CGG can be increased. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Fabrication of a microfluidic spheroid culture device with a concentration gradient generator (μFSCD‐CGG)Basic Protocol 2: Seeding cells and formation of spheroids in the μFSCD‐CGGBasic Protocol 3: Drug treatment and assessment of cell viability in the μFSCD‐CGG
Do‐it‐Yourself Mock Community Standard for Multi‐Step Assessment of Microbiome Protocols
Authors: Colovas Joanna , Bintarti Ari Fina , Mechan Llontop Marco E. , Grady Keara L. , Shade Ashley 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMicrobiomes provide critical functions that support animals, plants, and ecosystems. High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) has become an essential tool for the cultivation‐independent study of microbiomes found in diverse environments, but requires effective and meaningful controls. One such critical control is a mock microbial community, which is used as a positive control for nucleic acid extraction, marker gene amplification, and sequencing. While mock community standards can be purchased, they can be costly and often include only medically relevant microbial strains that are not expected to be major players in non‐human microbiomes. As an alternative, it is possible to design and construct a do‐it‐yourself (DIY) mock community, which can then be used as a positive control that is specifically customized to the protocol needs of a particular study system. In this article, we describe protocols to select appropriate microbial strains for the construction of a mock community. We first describe the steps to verify the identity of community members via Sanger sequencing. Then, we provide guidance on assembling and storing the DIY mock community as viable whole cells. This includes steps to create standard growth curves referenced to plate counts for each member, so that the community members can be quantified and later compared in terms of their “expected versus returned” relative contributions after sequencing. We also describe appropriate methods for the cryostorage of the fully assembled mock community as viable whole cells, so that they can be used as a unit in a microbiome analysis, from the lysis and nucleic acid extraction steps onwards. Finally, we provide an example of returned data and interpretation of DIY mock community sequences, discussing how to assess possible contamination and identify protocol biases for particular members. Overall, DIY mock communities serve to determine success and possible bias in a cultivation‐independent microbiome analysis. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Strain identification and verification using Sanger sequencingBasic Protocol 2: Creation of glycerol stocks of each mock community strain for long‐term cryostorageBasic Protocol 3: Assessment of strain freezer viability without cryoprotectantBasic Protocol 4: Creation of standard curve to determine CFU/ml of a liquid culture as a function of optical densityBasic Protocol 5: Full mock community assembly using community concentration calculations and standard curves
Efficient Isolation and Purification of High‐Quality Arabidopsis thaliana Trichomes
Authors: Huebbers Jan W. , Büttgen Kim , Panstruga Ralph 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTrichomes are fine outgrowths on the surface of aerial plant organs which play a role in protecting plants against water loss, UV radiation, and herbivore feeding. Throughout the years, trichomes have become a popular paradigm in biological research. For example, trichomes on rosette leaves of the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana have been used as a model to investigate cell development, cell differentiation, and, more recently, cell wall biogenesis. State of the art ‐omics studies on specific cell types or tissues often require physical separation, enrichment, and purification. This, of course, also applies to leaf trichomes, and various methods have thus been proposed to separate trichomes and leaf tissue. Though most of these methods are indeed suitable for trichome isolation, they suffer in part from tedious operating procedures, low yield, poor sample purity, and reduced trichome integrity. We have thus revised a previously reported method for trichome isolation, and report here an efficient and scalable procedure for the isolation and gradient centrifugation–based purification of high‐quality A. thaliana trichomes. We describe the preparation of plant material and trichome release, which is based on prolonged gentle agitation of plant seedlings in the presence of a cation‐chelating agent that weakens trichome‐leaf interactions. We also outline the steps for the subsequent recovery and purification of the isolated crude trichome fraction, which is based on the use of discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation. In addition to A. thaliana, we have found that this procedure can be applied to release and enrich glandular and non‐glandular trichomes from various species, including Solanum lycopersicum and Nicotiana benthamiana. The resulting purified leaf trichomes can be subjected to different types of bioassays, including histochemistry, biochemical quantification of cell wall monosaccharides, and transcriptomics, as well as proteomic profiling. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of plant material for release and enrichment of A. thaliana trichomesBasic Protocol 2: Purification of A. thaliana trichomes by density gradient centrifugation
Associations between parental involvement at bedtime and young children's evening cortisol and nighttime sleep
Authors: Philbrook Lauren E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParents are theorized to play an important role in helping young children to downregulate arousal to achieve sufficient and good‐quality sleep. To my knowledge, however, the links between parenting and children's physiological arousal at bedtime and subsequent nighttime sleep have not been empirically tested. The present study examined 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children's evening cortisol levels as a pathway linking parental involvement at bedtime to children's nighttime sleep duration and quality. Fifty‐one children (53% male, 47% female; 80% White, 18% Biracial, 2% Black) and their families participated. Parental involvement (presence, contact, quiet activities) was assessed by raters from video recordings of one night of bedtime. Children's evening cortisol levels were measured from saliva samples taken at bedtime by parents across three nights. Children's nighttime sleep (minutes, efficiency) was determined from an actigraph worn the same three nights. Path analyses controlling for child and family demographics provided support for three significant indirect effects: lower child evening cortisol acted as a pathway linking greater parental presence at bedtime to more child nighttime sleep minutes and higher sleep efficiency, and lower child evening cortisol also linked greater parental contact at bedtime to higher sleep efficiency. Among this low‐risk sample, the findings suggest that encouraging parental involvement in young children's bedtime routine may promote healthy sleep by way of reduced child physiological arousal.
Transcriptome analysis of the response to thyroid hormone in Xenopus neural stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Cordero‐Véliz Camila , Larraín Juan , Faunes Fernando 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe thyroid hormones—thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3′triiodothyronine (T3)—regulate the development of the central nervous system (CNS) in vertebrates by acting in different cell types. Although several T3 target genes have been identified in the brain, the changes in the transcriptome in response to T3 specifically in neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) during the early steps of NSPCs activation and neurogenesis have not been studied in vivo. Here, we characterized the transcriptome of FACS‐sorted NSPCs in response to T3 during Xenopus laevis metamorphosis.ResultsWe identified 1252 upregulated and 726 downregulated genes after 16 hours of T3 exposure. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that T3‐upregulated genes were significantly enriched in rRNA processing and maturation, protein folding, ribosome biogenesis, translation, mitochondrial function, and proteasome. These results suggest that NSPCs activation induced by T3 is characterized by an early proteome remodeling through the synthesis of the translation machinery and the degradation of proteins by the proteasome.ConclusionThis work provides new insights into the dynamics of activation of NPSCs in vivo in response to T3 during a critical period of neurogenesis in the metamorphosis.
Assessment of body perception disturbances in complex regional pain syndrome: A systematic review using the COSMIN guideline
Authors: Acapo Sessi , Osinski Thomas , Rulleau Thomas , Dupeyron Arnaud , Nizard Julien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review to identify which tools are being used to assess body perception disturbances in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) and to provide an evidence‐based recommendation in the selection of an assessment tool, based on measurement properties.Databases and data treatmentFive electronic databases (EMBASE, Pubmed, PsycInfo, Science Direct and Web of Science) were searched for English or French written articles, with no time restrictions. All original articles using a body perception assessment tool with adult patients with CRPS were selected, regardless of their design (controlled trials, single case, qualitative study). Two investigators screened abstracts, selected full articles and extracted data independently.ResultsThirty‐eight full‐text papers were obtained and three main methods to evaluate body perception disturbances were identified: The Bath Body Perception Disturbance Scale, the Neglect‐like Symptoms questionnaire adapted from Galer and the patient's body perception description. No full psychometric assessments were found. The Limb Laterality Recognition Task was also used in conjunction with another method.ConclusionsThree main assessment methods for CRPS body perception disturbances are currently used. Full psychometric evaluation has not been completed for any of the assessment methods. As a consequence, we could not fully apply the COSMIN guideline. To date, there is no agreement concerning the use of a specific questionnaire or scale. The results indicate a need for further research such as psychometric properties of these questionnaires.SignificanceThis systematic review identified body perception disturbances assessment methods and their the psychometric properties in order to provide help and guidance to researchers and clinicians to investigate those clinical features.