bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Batavian Pero and Germanic *perō ‘pear’
Authors: Mees Bernard 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Batavian name Pero is best understood as a derivative of Germanic *perō ‘pear’. Names that also feature the root per- are recorded from other parts of the Roman Empire in connection with Germanic speakers and seem to reflect the influence of pear growing in the Roman provinces. This influence was so great that the name of the p-rune also appears to have been derived from *perō ‘pear’. The early Germanic names Pero, Uxperus and Gamuxperus seem to represent occupation names, and are consistent with archaeobotanical evidence for the development of pear cultivation in the Germanic-speaking provinces of the Empire.
Sex-specific association of sleep duration with subclinical indicators of metabolic diseases among asymptomatic adults
Authors: Huang Lili , Long Zichong , Xu Gang , Chen Yiting , Li Rong , Wang Yanlin , Li Shenghui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests sleep duration may be involved in metabolic regulation. However, studies regarding the association with the early stage of the metabolic disease are limited, and the findings were inconsistent.MethodsA study among 4922 asymptomatic adults was conducted based on a Chinese national survey in 2009. The early stage of metabolic diseases was evaluated using three proxies: triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), the product of triglyceride and fasting glucose (TyG), and lipid accumulation product (LAP). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to explore the associations of sleep duration with the three indicators.ResultsThe linear regression models revealed that, among females, sleep duration <7 h per day, compared with 7-9 h, was associated with an increased value of LAP and TyG by 25.232% (95%CI: 10.738%, 41.623%) and 0.104 (95%CI: 0.024, 0.185), respectively, in the crude model. The effects were attenuated but remained significant for LAP (11.405%; 95%CI: 1.613%, 22.262%). Similarly, the logistic regression models further found that sleep duration <7 h per day could increase the risk of elevated LAP (OR: 1.725, 95CI%:1.042, 2.856) after adjusting for multiple covariates. By contrast, no associations were found among males.ConclusionsShort sleep duration was associated with subclinical indicators of metabolic diseases, and females were more susceptible to the association.
Perception of Corruption and the Relationship With Other Variables
Authors: Bozdo Rejla 
Published: January 2022

People perceive corruption at a rate that might not always be concurrent with the level of real corruption. Despite the fact, research on perception can help governments and other institutions better understand how to deal with the problem. This paper addresses the perception of corruption and its relationship with other variables of daily life, such as perception of the economy, education, health, security and politics in general, thus to investigate at what level the perception of corruption relates with or impacts the expectations and trust in other areas.
The 369 respondents in the dataset, used for the analysis, live in Albania and have a mean age of 34.57 years old. Albania’s Corruption Index of Transparency International increased during 2020 by five points compared to 2013. 2020, this is at the level of 36 points, ranked 104th . While in 2013, it was 31 points.
Instructional Communication Model Of Military Education As An Effort To Achieve Center Of Excellence (Case Study: Akmil Magelang)
Authors: Kholil Kholil , Santoso Totok  Imam , Widaningsih Titi , Widowati Dewi 
Published: January 2022

Communication is one of the important elements that play a role in shaping the interaction between educators and students. The change in the Indonesian Military Academy (Akmil) education curriculum in 2009 was one of the most significant changes, in which students received an academic education equivalent to a bachelor's qualification. However, in its application the education system has not been maximized to allow students to become experts both in the military and academic fields. The objectives of this study are, firstly, to identify and analyze the role of educators in the educational communication process in the Akmil to produce quality graduates; second, to design appropriate communication patterns between educators and students; and third, to build an educational communication model in the Akmil as a Center of Excellence, so that they are able to answer the challenges of the task in accordance with the changes and demands of the times. By using a mixed method with an exploratory sequential model, the research explores information by conducting in-depth interviews with 9 informants, both practitioners and academics, and distributing questionnaires to 145 cadets. The results show that there are still difficulties in applying the principle of 'completion of orders', where a command can be given with better rationality. To that end, the researcher then completed the findings, by formulating an instructional communication model through the Strategic Assumptions Surfacing and Testing (SAST) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. As a result, this model puts an emphasis on the role of the Academic Gadik actor, which creates interactivity and communication intensity for the cadets. With this model, it is hoped that the Akmil will become a Center of Excellence for the military with high rational abilities.
Comparison of the Potentiating Effect of Variable Load Jump Squats on Acute Drop Jump Performance in Rugby Sevens Athletes
Authors: Poulos Nick , Haff G. Gregory , Nibali Maria , Graham-Smith Phillip , Newton Robert U. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Poulos, N, Haff, GG, Nibali, M, Graham-Smith, P, and Newton, RU. Comparison of the potentiating effect of variable load jump squats on acute drop jump performance in rugby sevens athletes. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 149–160, 2023—The effect of variable load jump squats (JSs) on acute drop jump (DJ) performance across multiple sets was examined. Seventeen elite rugby sevens athletes performed 3 DJs after 3 repetitions of a JS conditioning activity (CA) performed at 30 or 50% 1RM back squat loads. Acute postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) in DJ kinetic and kinematic variables was assessed using a commercially available force platform (1,000 Hz). Postactivation performance enhancement was predominant after the 30% 1RM load with the greatest frequency of potentiation exhibited in set 3. The 50% 1RM CA resulted in substantial decrements in DJ performance with the exception of active stiffness, reactive strength index (flight:contact time), and contact time. Moderate differences were observed between the 50 and 30% 1RM loads for peak power (W), impulse (N·s), and force at zero velocity (N); active stiffness was the only variable where PAPE was greater in the 50% 1RM CA (ES: small). Active stiffness was the only variable to display favorable associations with relative strength in both the JS 30% 1RM (ES: 0.38 ± 0.20; moderate) and 50% 1RM (ES: 0.24 ± 0.23; small) CA loads. The JS 30% 1RM CA results in greater magnitude and frequency of PAPE of DJ kinetic and kinematic variables and is recommended if seeking to target PAPE in a range of DJ performance variables. Heavier JS loads may be appropriate if enhancement of muscle stiffness and stretch-shortening cycle efficiency is required. Consideration of targeted kinetic and kinematic variables when selecting CA intensity in complex training design is recommended.
Muscle Hypertrophy Is Affected by Volume Load Progression Models
Authors: Nóbrega Sanmy R. , Scarpelli Maíra C. , Barcelos Cintia , Chaves Talisson S. , Libardi Cleiton A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Nóbrega, SR, Scarpelli, MC, Barcelos, C, Chaves, TS, and Libardi, CA. Muscle hypertrophy is affected by volume load progression models. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 62–67, 2023—This exploratory secondary data analysis compared the effects of a percentage of 1 repetition maximum (%1RM) and a repetition zone (RM Zone) progression model carried out to muscle failure on volume load progression (VLPro), muscle strength, and cross-sectional area (CSA). The sample comprised 24 untrained men separated in 2 groups: %1RM (n = 14) and RM Zone (n = 10). Muscle CSA and muscle strength (1RM) were assessed before and after 24 training sessions, and an analysis of covariance was used. Volume load progression and accumulated VL (VLAccu) were compared between groups. The relationships between VLProg, VLAccu, 1RM, and CSA increases were also investigated. A significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was adopted for all statistical procedures. Volume load progression was greater for RM Zone compared with %1RM (2.30 ± 0.58% per session vs. 1.01 ± 0.55% per session; p < 0.05). Significant relationships were found between 1RM and VLProg (p < 0.05) and CSA and VLProg (p < 0.05). No between-group differences were found for VLAccu (p > 0.05). Analysis of covariance revealed no between-group differences for 1RM absolute (p < 0.05) or relative changes (p < 0.05). However, post hoc testing revealed greater absolute and relative changes in CSA for the RM Zone group compared with the %1RM group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, RM Zone resulted in a greater VLPro rate and muscle CSA gains compared with %1RM, with no differences in VLAccu and muscle strength gains between progression models.
Red Blood Cell Immunization and Contributing Factors in 685 Thalassemia Patients
Authors: Shaiegan Mojgan , Moghaddam Mostafa , Maghsudlu Mahtab , Azarkeivan Azita , Zolfaghari Sima , Pourfatollah Ali-Akbar , Soleimanzadeh Peyman , Shahverdi Ehsan 
Published: January 2022

Background: An analysis of red blood cell alloimmunization in patients with thalassemia can help to devise specific strategies to decrease the alloimmunization rate. This study explored the frequency and specificity of alloantibodies and autoantibodies against red blood cell (RBC) antigens in patients with thalassemia referring to the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO) Immunohematology Reference Laboratory (IRL) in Tehran.
Materials and Methods: This study first examined the laboratory records of 23,113 patients suffering from different diseases referring to IBTO’s IRL for pretransfusion testing in the 2008-2015 period. ABO and Rh(D) typing and antibody screening tests were performed for all 23,113 patient records and 685 (2.97%) beta-thalassemia patients with positive pre-transfusion test results (antibody screening and/or DAT) were selected for further investigation.
Results: The antibody screening test was positive in 640 out of 685 thalassemic patients (93.4%). DAT was performed for 529 patients, 226 (33%) of which showed positive results. Meanwhile, 161 out of 685 beta-thalassemia patients (23.5%) had positive auto control test results, reflecting the possible presence of allo- and/or autoantibodies. The most common antigen-specific alloantibodies were directed against K and E RBC antigens with a frequency of 25% (Anti-K) and 11.91% (Anti-E), respectively. The development of two antibodies (double antibodies) in one patient was observed in 80 individuals (11.46%).
Conclusion: Age, gender, history of pregnancy, and splenectomy were not contributing factors to the antibody presence in the patient population under study. Extended red blood cell phenotyping should be considered as an essential procedure for expected multi-transfused thalassemia patients before blood transfusion. Considering the high frequency of anti-K and anti-E observed in this study, it is recommended that thalassemia patients in Iran are tested through phenotyping of RBC units for K and E antigens before transfusion.
Survival of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Experience in Developing Country
Authors: Mehdizadeh Mahshid , Bolourian Vahid , Zamani Gholamreza , Tavakoli -Ardakanii Maria , Zamani Shayan , Tabarraee Mahdi , Hajifathali Abbas 
Published: January 2022

Background: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the highest potential treatment for long-term survival as post-remission therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The aim of this study was to estimate the overall survival (OS) of patients with AML after allo-SCT and to identify the factors affecting them as a prognostic factor for the survival of patients.
Material and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data of patients with AML who underwent allo-SCT at Taleghani bone marrow transplantation and cell therapy center in Tehran, Iran, from May 2009 to September 2016 were used. A total of 101 patients were enrolled and death time was considered as a failure event for them. Kaplan-Meier method, log-Rank tests, and Cox proportional hazard model were used to evaluate OS and to identify the risk factors of patient’s survival. The SPSS software version 21 was used for the analysis of data and P<0.05 was considered as a significant level.
Results: Of 101 patients with AML, 49 (48.5%) were males. The median age at allo-SCT was 32.76 years and 42 patients (41.6%) died. The 5-year OS and disease-free survival (DFS) was 56% (95%CI: 51-61%) and 52% (95%CI: 57-47%), respectively. Multivariate analysis by Cox regression indicated that OS has a significant relationship with primary WBC count and relapse (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Our results showed that allo–SCT has nearly the same outcome in developing countries and the WBC count and relapse are effective factors on the chance of survival in AML patients after allo-SCT.
Psychometrics of Questionnaires Designed for the Evaluation of Safety Levels and Safety Culture Case Study: Power Plant Generator Manufacturing Company
Authors: ANDISHE SAADOLLAH , JAFARI MOHAMMAD JAVAD , FASIH RAMANDI FATEMEH , KHODAKARIM SOHEILA , SALEHI ALI 
Published: January 2022

The psychometrics of instruments in safety performance evaluation is essential for the accreditation of an organization’s safety evaluation and has been emphasized in many studies. Psychometrics pertains to the validity and reliability of an evaluation instrument and describes its precision and consistency. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometrics of safety level and safety culture questionnaires to provide a reliable and valid instrument for safety performance evaluation in industries. This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted with the intention of psychometric instruments used to evaluate the safety level and the safety climate at the Mapna Pars power plant generator manufacturing and engineering company. The face validity of the questionnaires was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. In the quantitative method, the importance of the influence score was applied and the content validity was calculated using the Lawshe method. Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) were also used. For this purpose, elicitation was obtained from experts within the professional health and safety community. The reliability of the instruments was determined via the Cronbach's alpha test and the Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) test. Finally, the standardized questionnaires were used to evaluate the safety level and safety climate of the industry as a case study. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software solution v20. Based on the quantitative face validity results obtained at the Mapna Pars Company, one question was removed from each of the final instruments. The content reliability analysis revealed that the safety level questionnaire had a CRI of 0.99, CVR of 0.91, and was accepted. The safety climate questionnaire had an acceptable CVI of 0.95 and an acceptable CVR of 0.82. Regarding the reliability analysis, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.72 and 0.89 was obtained for the safety level questionnaire and the safety climate questionnaire, respectively. It can be concluded that both questionnaires had an acceptable level of internal consistency. The re-application of the questionnaires after two weeks revealed a relatively consistent safety level (ICC=0.90) and safety climate (ICC=0.74). Analyzing the data obtained in the present study showed that the safety level questionnaire with 66 questions and the safety climate questionnaire with 93 questions had acceptable validity and reliability. Thus, it may provide a useful approach for safety evaluations in similar industries.
Effect of Spheroidization Treatment on Friction Stir Processing of Al- 14 wt.% Si Alloy
Authors: Hussein Aws Abbas 
Published: January 2022

Three different rotational speeds (800, 1000 and 1250 rpm) and traverse speeds of (0.42 mm/sec) at a constant taped pin have been employed to produce the stir zones generated from friction stir processing (FSP) of near eutectic Al- 14 wt.% Si alloy. The processed samples were thoroughly analyzed macroscopically and microscopically. The as-cast microstructure of eutectic (α Al+ Si) and primary Si were fragmented to produce spheroidization of small size of Si and deformed matrix. The stir zones showed an increase in hardness from around 45-50 Hv for as-cast to 40-65 depending on the variables applied. All the processed samples were characterized by advanced and retreated regions with large single piping defects formed mainly at the retreated region. High temperature spheroidization at 500 oC with two soaking times of 10 and 20 hrs was applied for the processed sample of 1000 rpm to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the silicon fragmentation and hardness. Growth and fragmentation of Si have taken place at soaking time of 10 hrs. At soaking time of 20 hrs noticeable microvoids and macrovoids were formed at the stir zones. Microhardness of both the advancing and the retreating regions decreased with increasing soaking time.
Fiscal Decentralization and Gender Parity in Education: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Naeem Sidra , Ali Mahnaz Muhammad , Rehman Hafeez ur 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Fiscal decentralization is an emerging phenomenon in Pakistan from the last few decades. A large number of studies have been investigated the socio-economic and political effects of fiscal decentralization in Pakistan. But none of the study has examined that how fiscal decentralization has affected gender parity in education in Pakistan.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study empirically investigated the dynamic relationship between fiscal decentralization and gender equality in education by employing different measures of fiscal decentralization and used autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) bounds test approach for cointegration testing for the period of 1975 to 2020. The bounds tests suggest that the variables of interest are bound together in the long run when gender parity in education is dependent variable.
Findings: The long run relationship is also confirmed by the significance of associated equilibrium correction. The robust analysis of this study suggest that fiscal decentralization is improving gender equality in education particularly education expenditure decentralization and revenue decentralization.
Implications/Originality/Value: The results are important for fiscal policy formulation in public and social sector in Pakistan. Further, these results might be helpful for other developing countries that share a common experience in applying fiscal decentralization reforms and struggling to reduce gender disparity in education sector.
Identification of Bioactive Compounds and Their Benefits of Some Parts Of Abiu (Pouteria caimito)
Authors: Bin Arif Abdullah , Susanto Slamet , Matra Deden Derajat , Widayanti Siti Mariana 
Published: January 2022

Abiu (Pouteria caimito) merupakan tanaman tropis eksotis yang mempunyai banyak manfaat untuk kesehatan. Abiu merupakan tanaman yang menarik karena kandungan senyawa bioaktifnya yang beragam sehingga perlu untuk dilakukan penelitian terhadap berbagai senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung pada masing-masing bagian tanaman abiu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi kandungan senyawa bioaktif dari ekstrak beberapa bagian tanaman abiu serta manfaatnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima (5) bagian tanaman abiu yaitu daun muda, daun dewasa, buah mentah, daging buah matang dan kulit buah matang. Percobaan dilakukan dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan lima ulangan. Analisa kandungan senyawa bioaktif abiu menggunakan alat gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh bagian tanaman abiu mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang bermanfaat untuk kesehatan, khususnya sebagai anti kanker. Senyawa-senyawa tersebut antara lain: 1-(2-Hidroksietil)-1,2,4-triazole, 5-hidroksi metil furfural, 1-metil-5-fluorourasil dan trans-geranilgeraniol. Senyawa 1-(2-Hidroksietil)-1,2,4-triazole terkandung di dalam daun muda dan daun dewasa abiu. Senyawa 5-hidroksi metil furfural terkandung di dalam buah abiu mentah, daging buah abiu matang dan kulit buah abiu matang. Senyawa 1-metil-5-fluorourasil ditemukan di dalam daging buah abiu matang. Senyawa trans-geranilgeraniol ditemukan di dalam daging buah abiu matang dan kulit buah abiu matang.
Kata kunci: Anti-kanker, antioksidan, ekstrak, GCMS, kesehatan.
Polymorphics SSR Markers of Chilli Parental and Breeding Lines in Chilli Resistance to Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (PYLCV)
Authors: Manzila Ifa , Syukur M. , Priyatno Tri Puji , Reflinur  , Azmi Chotimatul , Wulandari Astri Widia , Gunaeni Neni , Azizah Nur 
Published: January 2022

Aksesi cabai IPBC12 telah diketahui memiliki gen ketahanan dominan terhadap PYLCV dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagi donor gen untuk perakitan varietas cabai tahan PYLCV. PYLCV merupakan salah satu virus patogen penting pada pertanaman cabai di Indonesia. Identifikasi marka SSR polimorfik pada populasi persilangan antara IPBC12 dan varietas Yuni dilakukan untuk mendapatkan marka yang dapat digunakan untuk seleksi progeni hasil persilangan dan terpaut dengan sifat ketahanan terhadap PYLCV. Sebanyak 20 marka SSR dianalisis polimorfismenya pada dua tetua persilangan, kemudian marka yang polimorfik diuji pada galur generasi F1 dan F2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada empat marka polimorfik pada kedua tetua persilangan, tetapi ketika diuji pada galur-galur keturunannya hanya 3 marka (CaBR61, CaBR64, dan CaBR98) yang polimorfik. Berdasarkan analisis marka, 14 galur F1 terkonfirmasi hasil persilangan antar aksesi IPBC12 dan varietas Yuni. Marka yang secara konsisten mendeteksi penurunan alel dari kedua tetua pada progeni F1 adalah CaBR61. Marka tersebut berpotensi sebagai marka seleksi galur-galur hasil persilangan pada tanaman cabai. Analisis molekuler pada galur-galur F2 tidak mendapatkan keterpautan antara marka dengan sifat ketahanan. Perlu analisis lebih lanjut menggunakan jumlah marka yang mencukupi dan tersebar merata dalam genom cabai untuk memetakan gen ketahanan terhadap PYLCV pada populasi persilangan antara aksesi IPBC12 dan varietas Yuni.
Kata kunci: aksesi IPBC12, Capsicum annuum, seleksi berpandu marka, varietas Yuni