bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal sensory sensitivity during pregnancy, peri-partum and post-partum in mothers with high functioning autism spectrum disorder: A preliminary study
Authors: Nisticò V. , Limonta S. , Faggioli R. , Turrizziani P. , Gianbanco L. , Calistro F. , Priori A. , Demartini B. , Gambini O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIndividuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder without intellectual disabilities (High Functioning ASD, HF-ASD) present atypical sensory sensitivity, due to the hyper-reactivity to sensory inputs.ObjectivesTo retrospectively evaluate the sensory sensitivity in a sample of mothers with HF-ASD during pregnancy (pre-partum), delivery and childbirth (peri-partum) and during the three months after delivery (post-partum).Methods19 HF-ASD and 13 neurotypical (NT) mothers were asked to complete an ad-hoc questionnaire designed for the study, named Maternity Questionnaire, assessing sensory perception during pre-, peri- and post-partum. Moreover, they underwent the following assessment: the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), the Empathy Quotient (EQ), the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R), the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPSD), the Sensory Perception Quotient (SPQ) and the Post Partum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ).ResultsAt the Maternity Questionnaire, HF-ASD mothers showed higher sensitivity scores than NT mothers overall. Moreover, HF-ASD mothers presented lower sensitivity during the peri-partum, compared to pre- and post- partum periods, while NT mothers showed a linear decrease from pre- to post- partum. The two groups significantly differed at the AQ, the EQ, the RAADS-R, the SPQ and Factor 3 of the PBQ. Sensitivity during pre- and post-partum positively correlated with EPDS scores.ConclusionsMothers with HFA tend to experience pregnancy, childbirth and the post-partum period differently from neurotypical mothers, particularly in terms of hypersensitivity, although during the peri-partum the hypersensitivity decreases. Further studies investigating these aspects might give fundamental hints to provide proper help to HF-ASD mothers during pregnancy and motherhood overall.
Negative attitude towards the appearance: Connection with eating behavior and social anxiety
Authors: Sedova E. , Kalina S. , Gardanova Z. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionA negative attitude towards the body supposed to lead to eating disorders and to increase the level of social anxiety.ObjectivesThe research aim is to study the characteristics of eating behavior and social anxiety in women who have negative attitude towards their body.MethodsThe following methods have been used: Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ); Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26); Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (BFNE); Iowa–Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM), Social avoidance and distress scale (SADS). The sample consists of 98 women in the age from 18 to 60 years belonged to three age groups: Group 1: N=41, mean age 21.0+3.1; Group 2: N=29, mean age 29,5+4,9; Group 3: N=28, mean age 47,5+12,5.ResultsWe have found out a statistically significant correlation between the negative attitude towards the body and the social anxiety. The more a woman dislike her appearance the higher is the level of social anxiety and the higher is the risk of eating disorders. It should be mentioned that all the negative tendencies are more prounouced in the youngest age group.ConclusionsThe research results can be implemented when designing prevention programs. Such programs are extremely important for young women in the age from 18 to 24 years as they have the highest risk of forming an eatind disorder as well as the social anxiety disorder.
Well-being during COVID-19 pandemic in Russia: The effects of defensive optimism, destructive coping and gender
Authors: Gordeeva T. , Sychev O. , Lunkina M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPrevious research shows that subjective well-being during pandemic (SWB-P) is related to sociodemographic variables (de Pedraza et al., 2020) and coping (Rasskazova et al., 2020). We hypothesized that SWB-P depends on specific types of optimism and coping with pandemic situation, namely defensive optimism (belief the coronavirus problem is exaggerated) and constructive optimism (belief that people’s efforts help prevent infection and spread of the virus) which effects are mediated by the effects of destructive and constructive coping.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the effects of situation specific optimism and coping on SWB controlling for gender.MethodsThe sample comprised 1403 university students (68% women, M=20.59, SD=3.66). Online survey has been conducted from 10/4/2020 till 25/4/2020. The measures included LOT-R, the scales of defensive and constructive optimism, and the scales of destructive and adaptive coping with pandemic situation (Gordeeva, Sychev, 2020). Well-being was assessed by sum of positive affect minus negative affect (PANAS) and SWLS (Diener et al., 1985).ResultsStructural equation modeling shows that SWB-P is related directly to gender (less well-being in women), dispositional optimism, adaptive coping and destructive coping (negatively). The negative effect of defensive optimism was mediated only by destructive coping (p<0.001), the effects of constructive optimism on well-being was mediated by adaptive and destructive coping (both p<0.01) (χ2 (4)= 8.97; p = 0.06; CFI = 0.996; TLI = 0.978; RMSEA = 0.030; PCLOSE = 0.886).ConclusionsDispositional optimism together with situation-specific defensive and constructive types of optimism and coping are essential for explaining well-being during Covid-19 lockdown.
Childbirth expectations questionnaire – a psychometric study with a sample from brazil
Authors: Barros M. , Aguiar M. , Pereira A.T. , Macedo A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe Childbirth Expectations Questionnaire (CEQ; Gupton, A., Beaton, J., Sloan, J. & Bramadat, I.; 1991) evaluates the women childbirth expectation’s with 34 items organized in four dimensions: Pain and coping; Significant others; Nursing support and Interventions.ObjectivesTo analyze the psychometric properties (construct validity using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, discriminant validity and reliability) of the Brazilian preliminary version of CEQ.Methods350 women (Mean age: 30.01±5.452) in the second trimester of pregnancy (Mean weeks of gestation=25.17±6.55), with uncomplicated pregnancies, completed the CEQ. To analyze discriminant validity, thirty of these women participated in a workshop (12 hours, integrated in the GentleBirth, a specific perinatal education intervention program) and fill in the CEQ again after approximately 8 weeks.ResultsAfter deleting seven items (1-3-20-24-33-34-35) and some errors were correlated the four-dimensional second-order model of CEQ presented good fit (χ2=2.496; RMSEA=.071; CFI=.845, TLI=.828). The CEQ Cronbach’s alpha for the total was α=.90; all factors presented good reliability: Pain coping (α=.87); Significant others (α=.66), Nursing support (α=.84), and Interventions (α=.76). The CEQ mean scores (total, Pain coping and Nursing support) were significantly higher after the workshop, indicating more positive expectations for childbirth (p<.05).ConclusionsThis additional validation study emphasizes that CEQ is an adequate measure of expectations of labour. It will be very useful to understand the correlates of childbirth expectations and also to access the efficacy of childbirth preparation programs.
Postpartum depression screening scale-7: A valid and reliable short version both for portugal and brasil
Authors: Pereira A.T. , Barros M. , Aguiar M. , Azevedo J. , Marques M. , Carvalho F. , Pereira D. , Macedo A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionScreening programs for perinatal depression are systematicly implemented in developed countries. To circumvent the most commonly pointed limitation by the primary healthcare professionals (the questionnaires length), we have developed shorter forms of the Beck and Gable Postpartum Depression Screening Scale-35. The shortest version consists of seven items, each one representing a dimension evaluated by the PDSS. This PDSS-7 demonstrated equal levels of reliability and validity as the 35-item PDSS with the advantage of being completed in as little as 1-2 minutes(Pereira et al. 2013).ObjectivesTo analyze the construct validity of the PDSS-7 using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, to use both in Portugal and in Brazil.MethodsThe Portuguese sample was composed of 616 women (Mean age: 32.29±4.466; Mean gestation weeks=17.13±4.929). These participants were not the same who participated in the psychometric study that led to the selection of the seven items. The Brazilian sample was composed of 350 women (Mean age: 30.01±5.452; Mean gestation weeks=25.17±6.55). They all had uncomplicated pregnancies and completed the European/Brazilian Portuguese versions of PDSS-24 (Pereira et al. 2013/ Barros et al. 2021), which was composed of the same items and included the seven items that compose the PDSS-7.ResultsThe unidimensional model of PDSS-7 presented a good fit in both samples (Portuguese/Brazilian: χ2/d.f.=3.439/2.653; RMSEA=.066/.069, CFI=.974/.981, TLI=.947/.957, GFI=.939/.957; p<.001). The PDSS-7 Cronbach’s alphas were .82/.83 and all the items contribute to the internal consistency.ConclusionsThe PDSS-7 is a valid and precise, economic, fast and easy screening instrument for perinatal depression, a major public health problem, both in Portugal and in Brazil.
The ugliest woman un the world
Authors: De Llano M. Queipo , Meseguer C. Capella , Vázquez E. Rodríguez , Carrasco I. Santos , Cerejeira J. Gonçalves , Valera G. Guerra , Ramírez A. Gonzaga , Adame C. Vallecillo , Lobo C. De Andrés , Aparicio T. Jiménez 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe main feature of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is impairing preoccupation with a physical defect that appears slight or non-existent to others.ObjectivesTo draw an overview of BDD through a clinical case of a patient with BDD and autolytic ideation, which improved after an adequate diagnosis and an early pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approach.MethodsBibliographic review of the treatment and diagnosis of BDD, from articles published in the last 5 years in Pubmed.Results18-year-old woman diagnosed with depression and obsessive ideation, which started at the age of 11, after a comment at school. The patient believes that she has intenseunder-eye bags or dark circles, this has caused her to abandon all activity and self-isolate at home. Symptoms included recurring obsessive and intruding thoughts related to the supposed defect, ritualized behaviors of hours of duration aiming toit through makeup, and autolytic ideation. Therapeutic approach combined psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments, obtaining gradual improvement of symptomatology and disappearance of the autolytic ideation.ConclusionsThe disorder is severe, which is reflected in high rates of suicide attempts. Differential diagnosis between obsessive and delirious dysmorphophobia is essential for improving outcomes; the egodystonic nature of the symptom, awareness of illness and obsessive personality traits facilitate the diagnosis. A multidisciplinary approach involving psychiatrists and clinical psychologists is necessary for a correct diagnosis and early treatment of this pathology, as well as recognition by dermatologists, surgeons and medical aesthetic professionals, where these patients go with the aim of finding solutions to their problem.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Exogenous attention to social stimuli in the neurotypical population: The impact of autism traits
Authors: Barros F. , Teixeira N. , Figueiredo C. , Silva S. , Soares S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAutism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have been associated with decreased spontaneous attention to social stimuli. Several studies further suggest that a higher expression of autism traits (AT) in the neurotypical population (NTP) may also be related to decreased social attention, although the evidence is still scarce, especially when considering faces as task-irrelevant distractors.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the relationship between the expression of AT in the NTP and exogenous attention to social stimuli.MethodsFifty-one adult participants were recruited and asked to complete the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), to measure AT, and to perform an attentional capture task. In the latter, they were instructed to detect a target letter in the middle of perceptually similar (high perceptual load) or dissimilar (low perceptual load) distractor letters. In 25% of the trials, task-irrelevant distractors, consisting of images of faces (social) or houses (non-social), were shown flanking the letter stimuli.ResultsResponse times were found to be affected by distractor-response compatibility, increasing for contralateral distractors, but decreasing for ipsilateral distractors, in relation to trials with no distractors (baseline). Importantly, these trends were magnified for distractor faces in the group with less AT, considering the social skills dimension of AQ, while the same tendency was observed in the group with higher AT, but for distractor houses.ConclusionsOur results support an altered attentional performance in the subclinical phenotype of the autism spectrum. Furthermore, they also add to existing literature documenting similar attentional abnormalities in both the clinical and subclinical extremes of the spectrum, hinting possible shared mechanisms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Anxiety disorders and eating disorder symptoms: The role of disgust sensitivity
Authors: Santarelli G. , Innocenti M. , Gironi V. , Faggi V. , Galassi F. , Castellini G. , Ricca V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe comorbidity between anxiety disorders (AD) and eating disorders (ED) has already been well discovered, and because of the link between disgust, food choice and rejection (which appear to be key factors of eating psychopathology), it can be suggested that these three aspects may be related. Accordingly, it can be hypothesized that individuals who express heightened levels of both disgust and eating concerns are at a higher risk to develop an AD. By contrast, disgust, as a negative emotion, influences ED symptoms through a greater level of anxiety.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the psychopathological role of disgust and eating disorder symptoms in the development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms in patients with AD.MethodsWe enrolled 84 patients admitted in the Psychiatric Unit of Careggi with diagnosis of Anxiety Disorders. We administered them: Zung Anxiety Scale (ZSAS), Disgust Propensity and Sensibility Scale-revised (DPSS-r) and Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q).ResultsA multiple regression model having ZSAS total as dependent variable, and EDE-Q total and DPSS disgust sensitivity subscale as independent variables explained 29% of ZSAS total variance (R²=0.290). The effect of EDE-Q total was positive, significant (β=0.331, t=2.631, p=0.011) and explained 11.9% of ZSAS total variance (pr²=0.119). The effect of DPSS disgust sensitivity was positive, significant (β=0.326, t=2.595, p=0.012) and explained 11.6% of ZSAS total variance (pr²=0.116) (Fig.1).ConclusionsSuch preliminary data suggest a possible role of feelings of disgust and eating disorder symptoms in development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms in patients with AD, making them a potential target for psychotherapy.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The risk of anxiety symptoms in young adult offspring of parents with mental health problems: Findings from the raine study
Authors: Ayano G. , Lin A. , Betts K. , Tait R. , Dachew B. , Alati R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPrevious research has suggested that offspring of parents with mental health problems, including depression and anxiety, are at an increased risk of developing anxiety disorders. Few studies have investigated this relationship in young adults.ObjectivesTo investigate the risk of anxiety symptoms in young adult offspring of parents with mental health problemsMethodsWe used data from the 1989-1991 cohort of the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Study, which is a multi-generational birth cohort study following mothers and their offspring from pregnancy to 28 years of age. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS) was used to assess maternal anxiety and depression whereas a self-reported questionnaire was used to assess paternal emotional problems. Anxiety symptoms among offspring at age 20 were measured by using the short form of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS 21). A multivariable negative binomial regression model was used to quantify the associations.ResultsAfter adjustment, maternal anxiety [RR 1.60 (95% CI 1.11-2.32)] and paternal emotional problems [RR 1.32 (95%CI 1.03-1.68)] were associated with an increased risk of anxiety in offspring at age 20 years. Conversely, maternal depressive symptoms [RR 1.04 (95%CI 0.84-1.32)] were not associated with an increased risk of anxiety in offspring.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that maternal anxiety and paternal emotional problems were associated with an increased risk of anxiety in young adult offspring. However, maternal depressive symptoms were not associated with an increased risk of anxiety in the offspring. The findings suggest the potential for targeted screening and intervention of anxiety problems in the offspring.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Socio-demographic features of bipolardisorder in womenin the southern region of Tunisia
Authors: Kerkeni A. , Abbes W. , Nfoussi M. , Amorri F. , Ghanmi L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is a common and disabling condition. Gender differences are potentially important and can manifest in many ways.ObjectivesTo determine the socio-demographic characteristics of women with BD, followed at the department of psychiatry of Gabes (southern of Tunisia).MethodsA retrospective descriptive and analytical study was undertaken including all the patients having consulted for the first time in the department of psychiatry of Gabes, from January 1st, 2010 to December 31, 2016, for whom the diagnosis of a bipolar disorder was established according to the DSM-IV criteria. Sociodemographic and clinical data were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups according to gender. The collected data was compared between the two groups. The statisticalanalysiswasexecuted on the software SPSS (20thedition).ResultsWe included 193 patients with BD (women = 103). The mean age of the women studied was 39.9 years. Women with BD had the following characteristics: married (55.3%), unemployed (65.1%), having an urban origin (75.7%), attending the primary or secondary school level (76.7%) and with an middle socioeconomic level (62.1%). Among the women studied, 9 (8.7%) were smokers, 2 (1.9%) consumed alcohol, and one (0.9%) used cannabis. Regarding the socio-demographic differences by gender, bipolar women were significantly less professionally active (p<10-3), less educated (p= 0.009), more frequently married, widowed or divorced (p <10-3) and having dependent children (p=0.008).ConclusionsOur study made it possible to note the socio-demographic particularities of the woman followed for BD. A better knowledge of these particularities is the best guarantee of adequate care.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Social rhythms and occupational functioning disturbance in remitted bipolar patients
Authors: Cheikh Ahmed A. Ben , Ouali U. , Jemli H. , Aissa A. , Nacef F. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBiological rhythm disturbance is etiologically involved in mood disorders. Previous literature focused on studying sleep disruption in bipolar disorders (BD). However, only a few studies addressed the influence of social rhythms and occupational functioning as they may affect circadian regularity and consequently be a critical pathway to mood symptoms.ObjectivesThe main aim of this study was to assess biological rhythms in remitted bipolar patients and to evaluate their social rhythms and occupational functioning.MethodsWe recruited a total of 80 euthymic outpatients with BD and 80 control subjects. Biological rhythm disruptions were assessed using the Biological Rhythm Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN), an interviewer administered questionnaire that assesses disruptions in sleep, eating patterns, social rhythms, and general activity.ResultsPatients with BD experienced greater biological rhythm alterations than the control group (BRIAN total scores 35.26±9.21 vs. 25.84±2.68). In addition to their sleep-wake rhythm (mean scores 11.1±3.95 vs. 7.41±1.41), patients were particularly more impaired than the control group with regards to social rhythms (7.31 ± 2.57 vs. 5.24 ± 1.06) and general activity (8.9 ± 3.35 vs. 7.01 ± 1.4).ConclusionsOur study indicated that patients with BD experience major disruptions in their social rhythms and occupational functioning. These alterations may lead to unstable biological rhythms and to a higher risk of mood episodes. Therefore, consolidating social rhythms and functioning appears to be a crucial step for preventing relapses in patients with BD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Orexins in the clinical course of bipolar disorder
Authors: Moya-Lacasa C. , Valtueña-García M. , Gil E. Martín , González-Blanco L. , García-Portilla M.P. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionOrexins are involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms which play an important role in mood regulation(1,2), and are hypothesised to be associated with major depressive disorder(3). However, scarce studies analyse their relationship with bipolar disorder (BD).ObjectivesTo evaluate the relationship of orexin-A and the clinical course of BDMethods95 BD patients were tested for serum orexin-A. The clinical course was analysed through number of depressive, manic/mixed episodes. HDRS and YMRS were used to assess severity of current episode. Statistics: Spearman correlations, U Mann-Whitney, linear regression analysis.ResultsMean age was 50.03 (SD=12.87) and 64.2% were women. 63.2% had BD-type I. Mean number of manic, depressive and mixed episodes was 2.32 (SD=3.07), 7.28 (SD=12.37), and 3.01 (SD=9.06), respectively. Mean age of onset was 26.09 (SD=10.50). Mean concentration of orexin-A was 21.78 pg/ml (SD=15.41), with no differences in sex, body mass index, age at onset or presence of insomnia(ICD-10). A correlation with age was observed; r=0.24 (p=0.019). No association was identified between orexin-A and severity of current episode. In relation to clinical course, no correlation was found with manic or mixed episodes. However, a negative correlation was identified between orexin-A levels and number of depressive episodes; r=-0.36 (p=0.001). When linear regression (orexin-A as dependent variable) was used to control for age, only this covariate (B=0.304) entered in the model (R2=0.067, F=6.045, p=0.015).ConclusionsNo relationship between orexin-A and number of manic/mixed episodes were detected. The association of orexin-A with number of depressive episodes dissappeared when age was controlled.DisclosureNo significant relationships.