bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microfluidics delivery of DARPP-32 into HeLa cells maintains viability for in-cell NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Sciolino Nicholas , Liu Anna , Breindel Leonard , Burz David S. , Sulchek Todd , Shekhtman Alexander 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHigh-resolution structural studies of proteins and protein complexes in a native eukaryotic environment present a challenge to structural biology. In-cell NMR can characterize atomic resolution structures but requires high concentrations of labeled proteins in intact cells. Most exogenous delivery techniques are limited to specific cell types or are too destructive to preserve cellular physiology. The feasibility of microfluidics transfection or volume exchange for convective transfer, VECT, as a means to deliver labeled target proteins to HeLa cells for in-cell NMR experiments is demonstrated. VECT delivery does not require optimization or impede cell viability; cells are immediately available for long-term eukaryotic in-cell NMR experiments. In-cell NMR-based drug screening using VECT was demonstrated by collecting spectra of the sensor molecule DARPP32, in response to exogenous administration of Forskolin.
Philosophy for Adolescents:Using Fables to Support Critical Thinking and Advanced Language Skills
Authors: Nippold Marilyn A. , Marr Erin 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:In this clinical focus article, we discuss the nature of critical thinking, its importance for adolescents, and its interaction with later language development. We also introduce a language arts program,Philosophy for Adolescents. The program aims to support critical thinking, narrative and expository discourse, and the use of complex syntax and literate vocabulary.Method:In designingPhilosophy for Adolescents, we examined research from education, psychology, philosophy, and speech-language pathology in the areas of critical thinking and narrative discourse. The resulting program encourages students to think independently, listen to others, offer reasons and evidence to support their views, and express themselves with accuracy, clarity, and efficiency. Implementation is illustrated with a case study of a 12-year-old girl.Results:Although critical thinking improves during adolescence, many students struggle in this area, particularly in the ability to offer reasons and evidence to support their views. This suggests that these adolescents could benefit from instruction in critical thinking. Research also indicates that competence in critical thinking is associated with narrative and expository discourse, and with the use of complex syntax and literate words such as metacognitive verbs. Instruction usingPhilosophy for Adolescentsmay be carried out in small groups or individually by a speech-language pathologist working collaboratively with a teacher, teaching assistant, or other professional. Designed for flexible application, the program may be used with adolescents who have language disorders and those who have typical language development.Conclusion:Research is necessary to evaluate the program with students from diverse backgrounds, having differing levels of language competence and academic achievement.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19736059
In‐situ synthesis of magnetic Ce‐BDC@Fe3O4 metal–organic frameworks and their multiple enzyme‐mimicking catalysis
Authors: Zhang Pingping , Ding Zongqing , Liu Xinyu , Chen Yun , Zeng Xinran , Tang Chuanqiu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, we used nano‐magnetic fluid to magnetize Ce‐BDC metal–organic framework (MOF) (BDC = 1,4‐benzenedicarboxylic acid) by using Fe3O4‐based nano‐magnetic fluid grown in situ around a Ce‐BDC core. The obtained Ce‐BDC@Fe3O4 nanohybrid are mixed‐valence MOFs, which could directly oxidize 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into oxTMB without the presence for H2O2. Significantly, the coupling of both Fe3O4 nano‐magnetic fluid and Ce‐BDC MOF exhibits 0.25‐fold higher catalytic activity than Ce‐BDC MOF under the same conditions, indicating that the synergistic enhancement occurred in the catalytic activity. This boost is benefited from the more superoxide radicals (O2•−) and then more hydroxyl radica (•OH) with the deposition of Fe3O4 nano‐magnetic fluid, which was generated by Ce‐BDC@Fe3O4 nanohybrid as both oxidase and peroxidase mimics. In view of high catalytic activity and easy recovery by applying an external magnet, a novel, simple and sensitive Vitamin C colorimetric detection could come true in the wide range (0–120 μM) with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.995.
Self‐tuning regulator adaptive controller design for DC‐DC boost converter with a novel robust improved identification method
Authors: Mollaee Hasan , Ghamari Seyyed Morteza , Khavari Fatemeh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe design of a self‐tuning regulator adaptive controller is presented for Boost converter using Pulse Width Modulation, which has been improved in dynamic with a novel Robust Improved Exponential Regressive Least Square identification scheme. Regarding the negative influences of harmful disturbances on the converters, the Minimum Degree Pole Placement technique is designed using an adaptive mechanism with an online identification technique, which is simple in structure and can provide more accurate parametric estimation and better efficiency in challenging situations, particularly against noise. Based on the right half‐plane zero structure of the Boost converter, the open‐loop system is called a non‐minimum phase system which creates some challenging constraints for the controller design. The primary objective of designing a feedback loop controller is to ensure the stability of the system and appropriate regulation within a pre‐determined range of operating conditions. This controller considers the system as a black‐box structure; thus, the mathematical model of the system is not needed. This benefit can decrease the computational burden, and provides faster dynamics along with ease of implementation. Finally, the strength of this control strategy is tested by experimental and simulation results in different conditions.
Frequency control of the islanded microgrid based on optimised model predictive control by PSO
Authors: Dashtdar Masoud , Flah Aymen , El‐Bayeh Claude Ziad , Tostado‐Véliz Marcos , Al Durra Ahmed , Abdel Aleem Shady H.E. , Ali Ziad M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the amount of microgrid frequency deviation in the dynamic state can be reduced by improving the frequency controller and implementing a new method. The proposed controller is designed for a microgrid including renewable resources, and the proposed control strategy is such that the controller coefficients are adjusted and optimised at all times by the model predictive control (MPC). The weight parameters of the MPC controller have been optimised by the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm. The proposed controller is located in the secondary frequency control loop, and by applying a control signal to the sources, the frequency perturbations following the power changes in the microgrid are reduced. The simulation results show that the proposed controller performs better than the Ziegler–Nichols PI controller (PI‐ZN) method, PI‐based controllers that rely on fuzzy logic (PI‐Fuzzy), the fractional‐order proportional‐integral‐derivative (FOPID) controller that is based on chaos particle swarm optimisation (FOPID‐CPSO) algorithm and the PID controllers based on CPSO algorithm (PID‐CPSO). It has been able to effectively reduce the frequency fluctuations in terms of amplitude and number of oscillations is also more resistant to the uncertainty of microgrid parameters and shows better performance when changing parameters than other methods.
Adaptive feature extraction and fine‐grained modulation recognition of multi‐function radar under small sample conditions
Authors: Zhai Qihang , Li Yan , Zhang Zilin , Li Yunjie , Wang Shafei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMulti‐function radars (MFRs) are sophisticated sensors with fine‐grained modes, which modify their modulation types and parameters range generating various signals to fulfil different tasks, such as surveillance and tracking. In electromagnetic reconnaissance, recognition of MFR fine‐grained modes can provide a basis for analysing strategies and reaction. With the limit of real applications, it is hard to obtain a large number of labelled samples for existing methods to learn the difference between categories. Therefore, it is essential to develop new methods to extract general knowledge of MFRs and identify modes with only a few samples. This paper proposes a few‐shot learning (FSL) framework based on efficient neural architecture search (ENAS) with high robustness and portability, which designs a suitable network structure automated and quickly adapts to new environments. The experimental results show that the proposed method can still achieve excellent fine‐grained modulation recognition performance (92.6%) under the condition of ‐6 dB signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), even when each class only provides one fixed‐duration signal sample. The robustness is also verified under different conditions.
Chemical evolution of ytterbium in the Galactic disk
Authors: Montelius M. , Forsberg R. , Ryde N. , Jönsson H. , Afşar M. , Johansen A. , Kaplan K. F. , Kim H. , Mace G. , Sneden C. , Thorsbro B. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Measuring the abundances of neutron-capture elements in Galactic disk stars is an important part of understanding key stellar and galactic processes. In the optical wavelength regime a number of different neutron-capture elements have been measured; however, only the s-process-dominated element cerium has been accurately measured for a large sample of disk stars from the infrared H band. The more r-process dominated element ytterbium has only been measured in a small subset of stars so far.
Aims. In this study we aim to measure the ytterbium (Yb) abundance of local disk giants using the Yb II line at λair = 16 498 Å. We also compare the resulting abundance trend with cerium and europium abundances for the same stars to analyse the s- and r-process contributions.
Methods. We analyse 30 K giants with high-resolution H band spectra using spectral synthesis. The very same stars have already been analysed using high-resolution optical spectra via the same method, but it was not possible to determine the abundance of Yb from those spectra due to blending issues for stars with [Fe/H] > −1. In the present analysis, we utilise the stellar parameters determined from the optical analysis.
Results. We determined the Yb abundances with an estimated uncertainty for [Yb/Fe] of 0.1 dex. By comparison, we found that the [Yb/Fe] trend closely follows the [Eu/Fe] trend and has clear s-process enrichment in identified s-rich stars. This comparison confirms both that the validity of the Yb abundances is ensured and that the theoretical prediction that the s-/r-process contribution to the origin of Yb of roughly 40/60 is supported.
Conclusions. These results show that, with a careful and detailed analysis of infrared spectra, reliable Yb abundances can be derived for a wider sample of cooler giants in the range −1.1 < [Fe/H] < 0.3. This is promising for further studies of the production of Yb and for the r-process channel, key for galactochemical evolution, in the infrared.
Allergien beim Pferd – (k)ein hoffnungsloser Fall?!
Authors: Bitsch Manuela 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungFür mich hat Allergostop die Behandlung von Allergien beim Pferd deutlich vereinfacht. Es gibt einige Punkte, die beachtet werden müssen, aber mit deren Kenntnis und der Compliance des
Besitzers haben die meisten Fälle wirklich gute Chancen. Zur Wirksamkeit von Allergostop bei der Behandlung von Headshaking liegen noch zu wenig Erfahrungswerte vor. Hier besteht noch Bedarf
an weiterführenden Untersuchungen oder einer Studie.Aktuell wird in der Schweiz gerade eine Vakzine erarbeitet. Das Gebiet der Allergie wird also weiterhin spannend bleiben.
Equines Asthma – immer ein primäres Lungenproblem?
Authors: Tratsis Imke 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungBei Lungenerkrankungen jeglicher Art sollte man sich nicht nur auf das Organ selbst konzentrieren. Die Zungen-Puls-Diagnostik wie auch die Beurteilung des äußeren Erscheinungsbilds und des
Charakters nach Maßgabe der TCVM kann helfen, die eigentliche Wurzel der Erkrankung freizulegen und die weitere Behandlung dementsprechend neu auszurichten. Dabei kam der Akupunktur nach der
Balance-Methode im besprochenen Fallbeispiel dabei eine tragende Rolle zu.
Severe Fetal CAKUT (Congenital Anomalies of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract), Prenatal Consultations, and Initiation of Neonatal Dialysis
Authors: Sanderson Keia R. , Shih Weiwen V. , Warady Bradley A. , Claes Donna J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction Pediatric nephrology prenatal consultations for congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and criteria for kidney replacement therapy initiation in neonatal end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are not well described. We evaluated pediatric nephrology approaches to prenatal CAKUT counseling and neonatal dialysis initiation.
Methods A 35-question Qualtrics survey was distributed via the North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies email list between January and March 2021. Thirty-nine pediatric nephrology centers completed the survey.
Results All but one responding center (n = 38) provide prenatal CAKUT consultations and neonatal dialysis, with wide variability in reported multispecialty involvement. Nearly half (47%) of centers utilize written/unwritten criteria for offering neonatal dialysis. The most common contraindications to neonatal dialysis were parental refusal (61%), contraindication to access placement by surgeons (55%), and birth weight (BW) contraindication (55%, with < 1,500 g being the most common BW contraindication). Overall, 79% of centers reported caring for < 5 neonates with ESKD in the past year, 61% use hemodialysis therapies prior to peritoneal dialysis in neonates requiring dialysis, and 100% transition to peritoneal dialysis by hospital discharge.
Conclusion Many pediatric nephrology programs provide prenatal CAKUT consultations and neonatal dialysis, but with variability in practice approach. Further multicenter research regarding prenatal consultations and neonatal dialysis outcomes is necessary to further improve care delivery to this population.
Altered Circulating Leptin, hGH, and IGF-I in Prediabetes and
Screening-Diagnosed T2DM Unrelated to Metabolic Syndrome in Women Post
Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Kern-Matschilles Stefanie , Gar Christina , Schilbach Katharina , Haschka Stefanie Julia , Rauch Barbara , Then Cornelia , Seissler Jochen , Bidlingmaier Martin , Lechner Andreas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecently, we proposed two pathophysiologic subtypes of type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM), one related and one unrelated to metabolic syndrome. To begin to
understand the pathophysiology of the subtype unrelated to metabolic syndrome,
we now measured selected hormones and signaling molecules in affected
individuals. In this cross-sectional analysis, we examined 138 women out of the
monocenter, post gestational diabetes study PPSDiab. Of these women, 73 had
prediabetes or screening-diagnosed T2DM, 40 related to metabolic syndrome and 33
unrelated. The remaining 65 women were normoglycemic controls. Our analysis
included medical history, anthropometrics, oral glucose tolerance testing,
laboratory chemistry, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. In addition, plasma
proinsulin/insulin ratio, growth hormone (hGH) nadir during oral glucose
tolerance testing, Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), Leptin, Resistin,
Adiponectin, Fetuin-a, FGF21, and myostatin were measured. Compared to controls,
women with prediabetes or screening-diagnosed T2DM unrelated to metabolic
syndrome depicted higher plasma Leptin [10.47(6.6–14.57) vs.
5.52(3.15–10.02); p<0.0001] and IGF-I
[193.01(171.00–213.30) vs. 167.97(138.77–200.64);
p=0.0008], as well as a lower hGH nadir [0.07(0.05–0.15) vs.
0.14(0.08–0.22; p<0.0001]. These differences were independent of
body adiposity. Women with prediabetes or T2DM related to metabolic syndrome, in
comparison to controls, displayed elevated Leptin, Fetuin-a, and FGF21, as well
as reduced Adiponectin and hGH nadir. Based on our study, altered Leptin and
hGH/IGF-I signaling could potentially contribute to the pathophysiology
of prediabetes and T2DM unrelated to metabolic syndrome. Further mechanistic
investigations of these signaling pathways in the context of lean T2DM are
necessary to test causal relationships.
Telescoped Continuous Flow Synthesis of 2-Substituted 1,4-Benzoquinones via Oxidative Dearomatisation of para-Substituted Phenols Using Singlet Oxygen in Supercritical CO2
Authors: George Michael W. , Abreu Bruna L. , Boufroura Hamza , Moore Jonathan C. , Poliakoff Martyn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper describes a continuous multi-step synthesis in supercritical CO2. A continuous flow synthesis of 2-substituted 1,4-benzoquinones is reported, and details of the high-pressure reactors are given. This proceeds via the telescoped dearomatisation of p-substituted phenols using singlet oxygen in supercritical CO2 and an acid-mediated C–C migration. The process has a short residence time of 30 minutes, with overall yields and projected productivities of up to 83% and 9 g/day, respectively. This methodology enables a safe and efficient synthesis of 2-substituted 1,4-benzoquinones from photo-generated singlet oxygen, and cheap and readily available p-substituted phenols. The procedure has high atom efficiency, low photocatalyst loading, and substitutes potentially hazardous and corrosive reagents and solvents for molecular oxygen, CO2, and the less hazardous solid-supported acid Amberlyst-15.
The Past, Present, and Future of Tele-EEG
Authors: Murphey Dona Kim , Anderson Eric R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTele-electroencephalogram (EEG) has become more pervasive over the last 20 years due to advances in technology, both independent of and driven by personnel shortages. The professionalization of EEG services has both limited growth and controlled the quality of tele-EEG. Growing data on the conditions that benefit from brain monitoring have informed increased critical care EEG and ambulatory EEG utilization. Guidelines that marshal responsible use of still-limited resources and changes in broadband and billing practices have also shaped the tele-EEG landscape. It is helpful to characterize the drivers of tele-EEG to navigate barriers to sustainable growth and to build dynamic systems that anticipate challenges in any of the domains that expand access and enhance quality of these diagnostic services. We explore the historical factors and current trends in tele-EEG in the United States in this review.
Perception of Faculty toward Challenges in Teaching and the Role of Medical Education Workshops in Addressing Them: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh , Manivasakan Shivasakthy , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh , Somu Lavakumar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background A medical teacher has a very complex job profile, wherein they are expected to train a cohort of newly joined medical aspirants to competent health care professionals. The current study was conducted to identify the challenges faced by the faculty members in medical teaching and to assess the perception of teachers on the role of medical education workshops in addressing these challenges.
Methods It was a Mixed Methods study conducted over a period of 9 months from January to September 2021 in a tertiary teaching medical college and hospital of Chengalpet District of Tamil Nadu amongst the faculty members of the teaching medical college and hospital. In the first phase, universal sampling method was employed, wherein all faculty members were asked to fill the online semi-structured questionnaire. In the second phase, purposive sampling was employed, wherein all teachers who have a minimum teaching experience of 3 years and have attended any medical education workshop were included and interviewed using a focus group discussion guide. The quantitative date was analyzed using descriptive statistics, while the qualitative data was analyzed using manual content analysis.
Results In the quantitative phase, 149 faculty members filled the online questionnaire, of which majority were females (52.3%) and were from the clinical departments (63.1%). The manual thematic content analysis of the FGD resulted in the identification of two themes (challenges and utility of workshops). The challenges theme consisted of three categories of Faculty, Students, and Administration, while Utility of workshops theme included two categories of refinement of skills, and suggestions for future
Conclusion In conclusion, lack of teamwork in the department, multiple responsibilities assigned to a single person, and shortage of clinical material during COVID-19 were identified as the main challenges in teaching–learning. The medical education workshops play a significant role in improving the knowledge of various domains of teaching and assessment, introduction of innovations, and ensure better performance of the faculty members.
Gestational Age at Delivery and Neonatal Outcomes among Infants with Gastroschisis in the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC)
Authors: Riddle Stefanie , Acharya Krishna , Agarwal Nidhi , Ahmad Irfan , Bendel-Stenzel Ellen , Shepherd Jennifer , Williams Sadie , Zaniletti Isabella , Jacobson Elizabeth ,   the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium's Gastroschisis Focus Group
Published: May 2022

Objective The effect of gestational age (GA) on gastroschisis outcomes is unclear and delivery timing varies in practice. We aimed to correlate clinical outcomes of infants with gastroschisis and GA at delivery in the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC).
Study Design This was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of infants with gastroschisis admitted to CHNC neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) from 2010 to 2016. Patients were categorized by GA: 32 to 346/7, 35 to 366/7, and ≥37 weeks. Respiratory and feeding interventions, mortality, length of stay, and common complications were compared.
Results In 2021 for patients with gastroschisis, median GA at delivery was 36.3 weeks (interquartile range [IQR] 35.1, 37.3) and mean birth weight 2,425 g (IQR 2,100, 2,766). Overall mortality was low and there was no difference across GA groups. Infants <35 weeks' gestation had the greatest need for respiratory and feeding interventions. Complications such as medical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), cholestasis, and central line-associated blood stream infection were less common in infants ≥37 weeks. Feeding initiation and full feeds were earliest in term infants, compared with infants between 35 and 366/7 weeks, and longest in infants <35 weeks. Prematurity had a significant negative association with breast milk exposure. Enteral feeding tube support at discharge increased with prematurity. Compared with term, infants born between 35 and 366/7 weeks' gestation had a higher incidence of medical NEC and lower exposure to mother's milk at discharge but the need for respiratory interventions or tube feeding at discharge was similar.
Conclusion Premature infants with gastroschisis had more neonatal complications including respiratory interventions, longer NICU stay, longer time to full enteral feeds, and higher need for tube feeds at discharge as compared with those delivered at term. Differences were greatest for those <35 weeks GA. While overall mortality remains low, these results provide additional information about GA at birth in gastroschisis, with no evidence of benefit from preterm delivery.
Key Points