bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adoptive T cell therapy cures mice from active hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Authors: Weißert Kristoffer , Ammann Sandra , Kögl Tamara , Dettmer‐Monaco Viviane , Schell Christoph , Cathomen Toni , Ehl Stephan , Aichele Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPrimary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome caused by impaired lymphocyte cytotoxicity. First‐line therapeutic regimens directed against activated immune cells or secreted cytokines show limited efficacy since they do not target the underlying immunological problem: defective lymphocyte cytotoxicity causing prolonged immune stimulation. A potential rescue strategy would be the adoptive transfer of ex vivo gene‐corrected autologous T cells. However, transfusion of cytotoxicity‐competent T cells under conditions of hyperinflammation may cause more harm than benefit. As a proof‐of‐concept for adoptive T cell therapy (ATCT) under hyperinflammatory conditions, we transferred syngeneic, cytotoxicity‐competent T cells into mice with virally triggered active primary HLH. ATCT with functional syngeneic trigger‐specific T cells cured Jinx mice from active HLH without life‐threatening side effects and protected Perforin‐deficient mice from lethal HLH progression by reconstituting cytotoxicity. Cured mice were protected long‐term from HLH relapses. A threshold frequency of transferred T cells with functional differentiation was identified as a predictive biomarker for long‐term survival. This study is the first proof‐of‐concept for ATCT in active HLH.
Childcare and School Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreaks: 2009–2020
Authors: Mattison Claire P. , Calderwood Laura E. , Marsh Zachary A. , Wikswo Mary E. , Balachandran Neha , Kambhampati Anita K. , Gleason Michelle E. , Lawinger Hannah , Mirza Sara A. 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks commonly occur in congregate settings, including schools and childcare facilities. These outbreaks disrupt institutions, causing absences and temporary facility closures. This study analyzed the epidemiology of school and childcare AGE outbreaks in the United States.

METHODS
We analyzed AGE outbreaks occurring in kindergarten to grade 12 schools and childcare facilities reported via the National Outbreak Reporting System in the United States from 2009 to 2019 and compared this information to 2020 data. Outbreak and case characteristics were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, χ2 goodness-of-fit test, and Fisher exact test.

RESULTS
From 2009 to 2019, there were 2623 school, 1972 childcare, and 38 school and childcare outbreaks. School outbreaks were larger (median, 29 cases) than childcare outbreaks (median, 10 cases). Childcare outbreaks were longer (median, 15 days) than school outbreaks (median, 9 days). Norovirus (2383 outbreaks; 110 190 illnesses) and Shigella spp. (756 outbreaks; 9123 illnesses) were the most reported etiologies. Norovirus was the leading etiology in schools; norovirus and Shigella spp. were dominant etiologies in childcare centers. Most (85.7%) outbreaks were spread via person-to-person contact. In 2020, 123 outbreaks were reported, 85% in the first quarter.

CONCLUSIONS
Schools and childcare centers are common AGE outbreak settings in the United States. Most outbreaks were caused by norovirus and Shigella spp. and spread via person-to-person transmission. Fewer outbreaks were reported in 2020 from the COVID-19 pandemic. Prevention and control efforts should focus on interrupting transmission, including environmental disinfection, proper handwashing, safe diapering, and exclusion of ill persons.
Management of African Wages at the Mines: Law and Policy Before 1948
Authors: Maqutu Lindiwe 
Published: October 2022

The re-enactment of the context and the purposes of past laws obviates the resort to “principled forgetfulness”, since South African law is recalled in manner that is connected to its morality. The discussion of officially recorded policy vis-à-vis Africans at the mines and other relevant spaces reveals that from its formation the Chamber of Mines had a strict policy of keeping African wages particularly low. Sanctioned policy and practices facilitated this outlook in the implementation of labour law. Additionally, unsatisfactory employment conditions routinely short-changed workers of the amounts due. This evaluation demonstrates how the prohibiting of Africans from reaping monetary advancement, from the profits of mining, was the cornerstone of economic development and attainment of prosperity by white society in South Africa.
The Industrial Conciliation Act is notable for banishing Africans from recognition as employees who could engage in collective bargaining, and served to further impair the already precarious position of African workers. Ironically, though Africans could not bargain, the determinations of industrial councils were permitted to change their employment conditions, in order to maintain the priviledge of white workers. Under this regime African wages remained extremely low, in line with supposed tribal needs, while the “civilised” community reaped far greater benefits. The effects of this were evident in the heightened economic pressure experienced by African workers and their dependants. By 1944 there had been hardly any increase in the wages of African mineworkers, but the working conditions had become more onerous. Invariably the rationale was that an improvement in the wages of African workers would have the effect of dislocating established economy processes, thereby impeding the welfare of the colony. This was the rationale despite evidence clearly showing that the wages of Africans were so inadequate that they resulted in the widespread hardship and worsening impoverishment of African communities.
This retelling of the historical law coupled with prevailing attitudes, that presented African workers as peripheral in the larger tale of productivity, has the objective and effect of rearranging the narrative somewhat. Undoubtedly the story of Africans is still being told through the colonial blueprint of labour and its management, but by reading the law focusing on Africans, rather than the community it was intended to serve, the noticeable spillage of vexed African presence disturbs the integrity of the law. A shift in consciousness is likely to occur as the counter-narrative, hidden within the hegemony, animates.
Casta e Identidad: El ‘afroindolatinoamericano’ a través del cuadro ‘Los Mulatos de Esmeraldas’ de Andrés Sánchez Gallque
Authors: SILVA-RAMOS MARIUXI 
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo demuestra que la identidad en el arte es construida, especialmente si se clasifica en estratificación social o casta. La identidad depende de un orden social. Actualmente la cultura negra busca su propia identidad, sin embargo, después de siglos de mezclas raciales, la identidad negra y latinoamericana no se puede clasificar, y más bien se lo resumiría como ‘afroindolatinoamericanos’, debido a que no se puede dar marcha atrás en los procesos del mestizaje, que se han ido complejizando con el paso del tiempo.
Palabras clave: Mestizaje, casta, identidad, latino americano, pintura, afrodescendiente.
Jak zmierzyć ślad węglowy?
Authors: Boratyński Jakub , Świeczewska Iwona D. 
Published: October 2022

Rozdział dotyczy liczenia śladu węglowego. Część metodyczna poświęcona jest prezentacji wykorzystania tablic przepływów międzygałęziowych pochodzących z bazy WIOD (World Input-Output Database) oraz danych o emisjach gazów cieplarnianych opracowanych przez JRC (Joint Research Centre of the European Commission). Część praktyczna dotyczy łącznej emisji CO2 w łańcuchu produkcji finalnej aut w Niemczech.
Jakie działania powinna podjąć korporacja, by „troska o środowisko naturalne” nie stała się tylko deklaracją?
Authors: Matuszewska-Pierzynka Agnieszka 
Published: October 2022

Zasadniczym celem rozdziału jest udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie badawcze o działania, jakie korporacja powinna podjąć by „troska o środowisko naturalne” nie stała się tylko deklaracją. Poszukując odpowiedzi na sformułowane pytanie przeprowadzono analizę strategii środowiskowej firmy Apple Inc., która jest najbardziej podziwianą korporacją na świecie, odnosząc się przy tym do oceny wymiaru środowiskowego firmy i jej największych amerykańskich konkurentów z branży komputerowej – Dell Technologies Inc. i HP Inc. – w latach 2017–2020.
Optimization of Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide/Chromium (III)-Acetate Gel-Plugging Process after Preflush Crosslinker in Fractured Extralow Permeability Reservoir at Moderate Temperature
Authors: Wang Kai , Luo Mingliang , Li Mingzhong , Kang Shaofei , Li Xu , Pu Chunsheng , Liu Jing 
Published: October 2022

SummaryHydrolyzed polyacrylamide/chromium III [HPAM/Cr (III)]-acetate gel treatment is an effective way for conformance control and water shutoff in various mature reservoirs around the world. However, it encounters severe challenges in the fractured extralow permeability reservoirs with the performance varying between success and failure when channeling caused by through-type fracture exists. The through-type fracture channel that connected injection to production is formed by the connection of hydraulic and natural fractures. This research takes the extralow permeability reservoir in the Ordos Basin as the background, and under the characterization of HPAM/Cr (III)-acetate gel, the effect of a preflush crosslinker on improving gel-plugging performance was studied via experiment, and the corresponding gel-plugging process was optimized. Experimental results showed that the preflush crosslinker could effectively improve the blocking strength and stability of HPAM/Cr (III)-acetate gel for through-type, large-opening fractures. Moreover, a high-quality “gel wall” was formed based on the preflush crosslinker; it worked as a barrier within the fracture and was the key to successfully blocking the millimeter-opening fracture. Under the experimental conditions, the optimized plugging process was as follows: The crosslinker was preflushed 24 hours in advance, and the gelant was injected in three slugs, with the volume of the first slug being 0.5 pore volume (PV). A field trial conducted in Ansai Oil Field demonstrated the potential of HPAM/Cr (III)-acetate gel and its plugging capability of optimized plugging method based on the preflush crosslinker to block through-type water channeling. This research provides valuable experimental data and theoretical guidance for conformance control and water shutoff of HPAM/Cr (III)-acetate gel treatment in fractured extralow permeability reservoirs.
Hungarian male water polo players' body composition can predict specific playing positions and highlight different nutritional needs for optimal sports performance
Authors: Fritz Péter , Fritz Réka , Mayer Lívia , Németh Boglárka , Ressinka Judit , Ács Pongrác , Olah Csilla 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Water polo is unique among aquatic - and generally other - sports and in general compared to other sports as it includes cyclic elements typical in swimming and acyclic elements occurring mainly in ball games. Moreover, Wwater polo includes high- and low-intensity activities and demands high level of technical and tactical skills. Players need an optimal nutritional and physical condition to achieve a high athletic performance, which is to a great extend also influenced by nutritional habits. We aim to highlight possible shortfalls in players’ nutritional intake in relation to positions played within the team.
Methods: In the present study, we determined the anthropometric and body composition characteristics, dietary habits, and laboratory parameters of elite adult male water polo players (n=19) before the start of the championship and at the end of the regular season, which meant a 4-month intervention period. Analyses of body composition characteristics and nutritional habits were performed using bioimpedance analyzer InBody 770 and3-day nutrition diary. Variance analysis and paired-sample t-test were used to determine the differences between the variables measured before and after the championship. Correlations Association between the anthropometric and body composition characteristics and different serum parameters were analyzed using linear correlation calculation and deep learning multivariable regression method. K-mean cluster analysis was performed using the anthropometric and body composition characteristics of the athletes.
Results: Based on anthropometric and body composition characteristics, players can be divided into two significantly different clusters that shows an association with specific playing positions. Cluster I included goalkeepers and wing players, while cluster II contained defenders, centers centers, and shooters belonged to Cluster II. We observed differences between in the physical composition and nutritional habits of the clusters. Cluster I players were 5 cm shorter on average, while their mean body weight, skeletal muscle mass and body fat mass data were lower by 19 kg, 7kg and 7 kg, respectively. Various body composition characteristics can predict the InBody Score with 92% efficacy using the deep learning method, while laboratory parameters can predict it with 95% efficacy. Body composition characteristics and laboratory parameters can predict the InBody Score with 92% and 95% efficacy using multivariable regression method. These results may be applicable in sport sciences for elite athletes and sports coaches.
Conclusions: Cluster differences between anthropometric and body compositional characteristics can help to develop position-specific training and nutritional recommendations in the future, thereby the results may be applicable in sport sciences for elite athletes and sports coaches.
Optimal Atlas Registration and Resting State Functional Architecture in Patients with Glioblastoma
Authors: Park Ki Yun , Shimony Joshua S. , Chakrabarty Satrajit , Tanenbaum Aaron B. , Hacker Carl D. , Donovan Kara M. , Luckett Patrick H. , Milchenko Mikhail , Sotiras Aristeidis , Marcus Daniel S. , Leuthardt Eric C. , Snyder Abraham Z. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Using resting-state fMRI is a challenge in patients with large tumors owing to mass effect and potentially altered representation of function, i.e., remapping. The best approach to atlas registration in tumor patients remains uncertain. In this work, we investigated the effects of alternative approaches to atlas registration on resting-state fMRI functional connectivity in glioblastoma (GBM) patients and studied the impact of GBM on functional brain organization. We analyzed data representing 59 GBM patients and 161 age-matched healthy subjects and systemically investigated affine vs. non-linear atlas registration and two associated masking options. Outcomes were assessed both in terms of structural data match to an atlas template as well as functional connectivity (FC) match to a reference dataset. Next, we evaluated the impact of GBMs on the organization of brain networks accounting for the hierarchical organization of resting state networks. Our results demonstrate that non-linear atlas registration with tumor masking optimizes both structural normalization and FC mapping. The aberrancy map results, obtained with fine parcellations, are consistent with prior findings showing that FC abnormalities induced by focal lesions are widely distributed. However, the results obtained with coarse parcellations indicate that functional architecture is grossly normal in tumor patients.
Diagnostic value of dynamic computed tomographic angiography for aortic dissection and the perfusion of involved organs
Authors: Song Wei , Lyu Liang , Wang Gang , Luan Qiuhong , Yang Jingsong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Early diagnosis of aortic dissection (AD) and end-organ malperfusion is of great significance for AD’s management and prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the use of aortic dynamic computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) in diagnosing AD and the significance of evaluating blood supply to abdominal organs.
Methods: The patients with confirmed AD and who visited our hospital from 12/2018 to 12/2019 were retrospectively included. The densities of the aortas and abdominal organs were measured, and a time-density curve was drawn and compared with conventional CTA. Correlation analysis was performed between the changes of densities in the false lumen and the changes of densities in injured kidneys.
Results:Fifty patients were included. The tears were seen in 86%. The main aortic branches were involved in 48%. The diagnostic rate of dynamic angiography for rupture was 86%, slightly better than aortic CTA (84%, P<0.01; κ=0.765). The density of the true and false lumens was measured in each phase: phase 2 (4%), 3 (4%), 4 (48%), 5 (26%), and 6 (16%). Eighteen patients had single renal artery involvement. In phase 7, the density of the AD false lumen and kidney damage were correlated (r=0.75, P<0.001).
Conclusions: Dynamic angiography can show the fine structures of AD. In dynamic angiography, the best phase can be selected according to the hemodynamic changes of patients to complete the diagnosis. False lumen density in phase 7 was correlated with renal injury.
Perioperative outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of propensity score- matched studies and randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sun Tao , Wang Yinghua , Liu Yan , Wang Zhanyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Da Vinci robotic surgery system, a novel type of surgery, was widespread in surgical field. However, the perioperative outcomes of robotic distal gastrectomy (RDG) are still controversy, despite several observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) had been reported. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched (PSM) and RCT studies to evaluated the perioperative feasibility and safety of RDG.
Methods
Studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase database, and screened according to the defined limitations. The quality of PSM studies and RCT studies were respectively assessed by ROBINS-I and Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Extracted data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.4.
Results
7 PSM studies and 1 RCT with a total of 2763 patients were included in this analysis. The longer operative time (MD = 31.42, 95%CI= [22.88, 39.96], p < 0.00001), less blood loss (MD=-25.89, 95%CI= [-36.18, -15.6], p < 0.00001], p < 0.00001), more retrieved lymph nodes (MD = 3.46, 95%CI= [2.94, 3.98], p < 0.00001), shorter time to first flatus (MD=-0.08, 95%CI= [-0.13, -0.02], p = 0.006) and liquid intake (MD=-0.13, 95%CI= [-0.22, -0.05], p = 0.002) were observed in RDG group compared with LDG group. There are no statistically significant in time to start soft diet, postoperative hospital stays, overall complications, complications Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, complications Grade≥ Ⅲ, anastomotic leakage, bleeding, intra-abdominal bleeding, intraluminal bleeding, ileus, abdominal infection, delayed gastric emptying and wound complications.
Conclusions
RDG has a better surgical outcomes and faster postoperative recovery. The incidence rate of postoperative complications was comparable between RDG and LDG.
Emotional Intelligence and Quality of Life among Upper Primary School Teachers
Authors: Para Barkat Hussain 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The study’s major goal was to examine the emotional intelligence and the quality of life of upper primary school teachers. it was hypothesized that there would be no differences in the mean scorers of emotional intelligence and quality of life. Moreover, emotional intelligence has no relation or will not influence upper primary school teachers’ quality of life. A total number of 389 teachers of 52 upper primary schools in which 275 were men and 114 were women participated randomly in this online descriptive survey. Results revealed no significant differences between male and female upper primary teachers with regard to emotional intelligence or quality of life. However, a significant difference was found on three dimensions of quality of life i.e., psychological health, intrapersonal dynamics and financial satisfaction. Apart from that, positive correlation was found between emotional intelligence and quality of life. The teachers need to be healthy, economically secure, physically safe and emotionally sound. With these characteristics, they will be able to excel in their teaching profession and handle classroom differences with ease. It is imperative that school authorities provide teachers with necessary training on emotional health and their psychological well-being so that they can foster positive skills in their students.
The incidence of Sudden Sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) IN COVID 19 patients in tertiary care referral units
Authors: Elmoursy Mohamed Mohamed , Bakr Mohamed Salama , Mohamed Enass Sayed , Ragaee Mahmoud Ali 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background:Covid–19 is a new pandemic infectious disease emerged in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, we aimed to evaluate the Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) prevalence after covid 19 infection or even vaccination.Methods:Two-centre retrospective, observational cross-sectional study performed at tertiary care referral Audio-vestibular Medicine Units at the period between August 1st2020 and October 31st2021. All sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients diagnosed in a period of a month with Covid -19 or vaccinated with Covid -19 vaccine were participated in this study.Results:Fifty-three cases with confirmed Covid -19 and one patient vaccinated with Covid -19 vaccine one week before, reported sudden sensory neural hearing loss were included in this study. forty-eight patients had unilateral hearing loss and 6 patients had bilateral hearing loss. Forty-nine patients with typical Covid -19 symptoms, one patient discovered after complaining of anosmia and ageusia, one patient after Covid -19 vaccination and three patient was complaining only from hearing loss and had PCR test for nasopharyngeal swapes to prove infection were participated in our study. Different degrees of SSNHL were ranged from mild to severe and most of the patients had severe hearing loss.Conclusion:With more patients, Covid-19 may be a potential factor in sudden sensorineural hearing loss. It should be kept in mind that SSNHL may be the only indicator used to identify Covid- 19 cases.