bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression patient-derived cortical neurons reveal potential biomarkers for antidepressant response
Authors: Avior Y. , Ron S. , Kroitorou D. , Nitzan E. , Corneo B. , Laifenfeld D. , Solal T. Cohen 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder is highly prevalent worldwide and has been affecting an increasing number of people each year. Current first line antidepressants show merely 37% remission, and physicians are forced to use a trial-and-error approach when choosing a single antidepressant out of dozens of available medications.ObjectivesWe sought to identify a method of testing that would provide patient-specific information on whether a patient will respond to a medication using in vitro modeling.MethodsPatient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines from the STAR*D study were used to rapidly generate cortical neurons and screen them for bupropion effects, for which the donor patients showed remission or non-remission.ResultsWe provide evidence for biomarkers specific for bupropion response, including synaptic connectivity and morphology changes as well as specific gene expression alterations.ConclusionsThese biomarkers support the concept of personalized antidepressant treatment based on in vitro platforms and could be utilized as predictors to patient response in the clinic.DisclosureThis work was funded by Genetika+ Ltd, Jerusalem, Israel. YA, DK, EN, DL and TCS are employees of Genetika+ Ltd and received salary and/or stock options for the submitted work.
Individual-specific and subgroup level associations between stress and psychopathology in daily life: A temporal network investigation
Authors: Groen R. , Arizmendi C. , Gates K. , Schreuder M. , Wichers M. , Hartman C. , Wigman J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionStress is a risk factor for developing psychopathology. Emerging evidence suggests that daily experiences of stress may also predict symptoms during the day. It is unclear to what extent the influence of stress on psychopathology during the day is the same across individuals (including across diagnostic boundaries), and which effects are individual-specificObjectivesThis study aims to reveal how stress and symptoms are interrelated in a cross-diagnostic context by modeling individual level temporal networks, and examining subgroups with similar dynamics.MethodsHundred twenty two young adults (43.4% women) with a wide range of psychopathology in terms of severity and type of problems completed a six-month daily diary study. We used a temporal network approach (i.e., group iterative multiple model estimation) to model how stress and ten specific symptoms (e.g., feeling down, paranoia, restlessness) were related across time at the individual-specific, subgroup, and group level.ResultsAfter controlling for the lagged influence of stress on itself, stress level predicted the level of restlessness, worrying, nervousness, and feeling down during the same day for >70% of individuals. We observed three larger subgroups with each over 20 individuals, whose temporal networks showed different dynamic patterns involving specific symptoms. Effects of stress on other specific symptoms differed across individuals, and these were not subgroup-specific.ConclusionsThis study showed important overlap between individuals in terms of impact of stress on psychopathology in daily life. Subtle differences between individuals were also observed. Possibly, such differences are relevant for examining individual-specific vulnerability for future psychopathology. This requires further investigation.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
One treatment fits all: Effectiveness of a multicomponent cognitive behavioral therapy program in data-driven subtypes of perinatal depression
Authors: Waqas A. , Rahman A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIt has been well established that depressive disorders including perinatal depression are very heterogeneous, which partly explain the ineffectiveness of available treatments for many patients. Recent innovations in data science can help elucidate the nature of perinatal depression especially the heterogeneity in its presentation.ObjectivesThe present study aime to elucidate heterogeneous subtypes of PND and assess the effectiveness of a multicomponent cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) across heterogenous subtypes of PND.MethodsThis study was conducted in 2005 in two rural areas of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Out of a total of 3,898 women, 903 pregnant women were identifed with PND (using DSM-IV) and randomly assigned to intervention and control group. Baseline assessments included interviewer admininstered Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS) and social risk factors. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 6 months and 12 months post-intervention. Principle component analysis was run to reduce dimensionality of the HDS. Two step cluster analysis was then run to elucidate subtypes of PND using the dimensional scores. Thereafter, effectiveness of CBT was compared across these subtypes of PND using multilevel modelling.ResultsPrinciple component analysis revealed a four component solution for the Hamilton depression rating scale. Using these dimensional scores, cluster analysis (average silhouette= 0.5) revealed a parsimonius four cluster soultion of participants with mild PND symptoms (n=326); predominant sleep problems (n=311) c) predominant atypical symptoms (n=80) and d) comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms (n=186). CBT yielded moderate effect sizes across all these subtypes of PND (cohen’s d > 0.8).ConclusionsMulticomponent CBT is effective across hetergeneous presentations of PND.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Predicting the risk of drug-drug interactions in psychiatric hospitals
Authors: Wolff J. , Hefner G. , Normann C. , Kaier K. , Binder H. , Domschke K. , Marschollek M. , Klimke A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe most common medical decision is the prescription of medicines. More than 130 different drugs with proven efficacy are currently available for the treatment of patients with mental disorders.ObjectivesThe aim was to use routine data available at a patient’s admission to the hospital to predict polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions (DDI).MethodsThe study used data obtained from a large clinical pharmacovigilance study sponsored by the Innovations Funds of the German Federal Joint Committee. It included all inpatient episodes admitted to eight psychiatric hospitals in Hesse, Germany, over two years. We used gradient boosting to predict respective outcomes. We tested the performance of our final models in unseen patients from another calendar year and separated the study sites used for training from the study sites used for performance testing.ResultsA total of 53,909 episodes were included in the study. The models’ performance, as measured by the area under the ROC, was “excellent” (0.83) and “acceptable” (0.72) compared to common benchmarks for the prediction of polypharmacy and DDI, respectively. Both models were substantially better than a naive prediction based solely on basic diagnostic grouping.ConclusionsThis study has shown that polypharmacy and DDI at a psychiatric hospital can be predicted from routine data at patient admission. These predictions could support an efficient management of benefits and risks of hospital prescriptions, for instance by including pharmaceutical supervision early after admission for patients at risk before pharmacological treatment is establishedDisclosureThis work was supported by the Innovations Funds of the German Federal Joint Committee (grant number: 01VSF16009). The funding body played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscrip
Psychiatric rehabilitation: An innovative program of integrative neurocognitive remediation therapy for patients with cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Rogiers A. , Lieshout Z. Van , Eycken S. Van , Kyndt D. , Febvre J.-C. Le , Lapyte A. , Gols C. De , Kornreich C. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionNeurocognitive dysfunction is associated with important socio-professional consequences and diminished quality of life. In the Neurocognitive Remediation Clinic of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann (Brussels, Belgium), patients suffering from neurocognitive dysfunctions related to common mental disorders (e.g. psychotic, mood, adjustment disorders) are considered for Neurocognitive Remediation Therapy (NCRT), combining personalized computerized cognitive training and strategy training, with group sessions of physical rehabilitation and cognitive behavior therapy.ObjectivesThis cross-sectional study aims to assess the efficacy of a 12 week (1day/week) NCRT program organized within the day clinic.MethodsPatients who completed the NCRT between March 2018 and June 2019 were eligible to participate. Efficacy was assessed using the cognitive failure questionnaire (CFQ) and a 17-item questionnaire assessing daily functioning. Current scores on the CFQ were compared to the scores before and after NCRT. Additionally NCF was retrospectively assessed through the neuropsychological test results before and after NCRT.ResultsOf the eligible 38 patients, 27 consented to participate (18 women/9 men); median age was 52 years, range (29-61); median time since stop NCRT was 7 months, range (4-17). Twenty patients (80%) reported improvement in daily function. Subjective neurocognitive function improved significantly immediately after NCRT (t=2.681, df=23, p=0.013) and remained stable at time of assessment (t=2.775, df=24, p=0.011). After NCRT at least 1 neuropsychological subtest normalized in 25 patients (96.15%). Divided attention, long-term visual memory and planning improved in respectively 80%, 75% and 75% of the patients.ConclusionsOur innovative integrative program improves neuropsychological performances and sustainably ameliorate subjective neurocognitive and daily function.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A french adaptation of the vineland adaptive behavior scales VABS-II
Authors: Touil N. , Riche B. , Portes V. Des , Mardirossian S. , Gaillard S. , Rabilloud M. , Kassai B. , Sonie S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionFor populations with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, it is essential to complete cognitive assessment with an adaptive behavior scale.ObjectivesTo translate VABS-II from English to French and establish norms for the French population.MethodsWe used the Parent/Caregiver form in order to assess psychometric characteristics of the VABS-II and to develop norms for the French population. VABS-II comprises 4 domains, 11 subdomains, and an optional maladaptive behavior index. The French translation of the VABS-II followed standard cross-cultural translation methods. The study was performed in the Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne department comprising 12 % of France inhabitants and well representing the French general population.ResultsFrom 4576 VABS-II questionnaires distributed, 1707 were returned and 1654 were analyzed. The reason for exclusion was the impossibility to score one of the subdomains. From 174 questionnaires included in the test-retest, 95 were analyzed, and 79 questionnaires were excluded because 86 under 34 days, 8 > 3 months, and one participant that changed age group between test and retest. Scores based on French norms fluctuated around values based on US norms on all subdomains.ConclusionsThe French Vineland questionnaire is the single test with the adequate norms to allow identifying children with adaptive behavior difficulties. It should be used as a complement of the assessment of the intellectual quotient, according to DSM V, for the diagnosis of intellectual disabilities. It must be done in reference to the developmental and cultural standards specific to the environment in which the person is evolving.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Drug attitude inventory is relevant to LAI treatment persistence in schizophrenia: Preliminary results
Authors: D’Anna G. , Tatini L. , Pietrini F. , Ballerini A. , Ricca V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPatients’ attitudes and subjective experience are crucial in the management of severe mental illness, but their practical value is overlooked.ObjectivesTo identify predictors of future adherence to LAI antipsychotic maintenance treatment of schizophrenia among socio-demographic, clinical, and psychometric characteristics – including Drug Attitude Inventory-10 (DAI-10) and Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptics short form (SWN-K) scores.MethodsRetrospective baseline data from 53 clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia switched from oral to LAI therapy were collected. Patients continuing treatment at the time of analysis (n=29) were compared to those who had discontinued it (n=24). Selected variables were further evaluated in survival analyses.ResultsBetween-group differences are presented in Table 1 (**: p<0.01; *: p<0.05).Continued treatmentDiscontinued treatmentχ2 or tTreatment persistence (months)63.79±21.0123.88±25.806.21**Age (years)39.17±10.1135.58±13.391.11Male15 (51.7%)13 (54.1%)0.03Single20 (69.0%)15 (62.5%)0.25Instruction (years)13.28±3.3111.83±3.561.53Employed20 (69.0%)7 (29.2%)8.32**Illness duration (years)17.69±10.5313.42±11.361.42Previous hospitalisations2.10±1.322.67±1.86-1.29MADRS13.59±9.0614.67±8.99-0.43YMRS5.52±5.576.00±9.94-0.22p-PANSS12.17±5.2014.38±6.13-1.41n-PANSS10.90±5.3915.63±7.93-2.48*g-PANSS29.38±10.3333.63±10.26-1.49PANSS52.66±17.5763.96±20.61-2.15*DAI-103.86±4.96-1.13±5.803.38**SWN-K74.93±23.0781.00±15.60-1.09Cox regression analysis included instruction, employment, hospitalisations, PANSS subscales and DAI-10 scores: a protective role against treatment discontinuation was outlined only for employment (HR 0.16; 95%CI 0.05-0.50) and higher DAI-10 scores (HR 0.85; 95%CI 0.78-0.94). DAI-10 scores delineated distinct adherence trajectories (Figure 1).ConclusionsBaseline DAI-10 scores may identify patients at risk of dropout after switching to LAI.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Assessment of risk factors of treatment discontinuation among patients on paliperidone palmitate and risperidone microspheres in france, germany and belgium – a retrospective database study
Authors: Cai R. , Decuypere F. , Chevalier P. , Wimmer A. , Guillon P. , Pype S. , Godet A. , Timtschenko V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionLong-acting antipsychotics (e.g. 1-monthly (PP1M) / 3-monthly (PP3M) injection forms of paliperidone palmitate) have been developed to improve treatment continuation in schizophrenia patients.ObjectivesTo assess risk factors of treatment discontinuation in patients on paliperidone palmitate and risperidone microsphere. Additionally, treatment continuation between patients with PP1M and PP3M was compared.MethodsThe IQVIA Longitudinal Prescription databases were used. Risk factors of treatment discontinuation were identified by a multilevel survival regression using Cox proportional hazards model. Kaplan Meier analyses were performed by identified significant risk factors.Results25,361 patients (France: 9,720; Germany: 14,461; Belgium: 1,180) were included. Over a one-year follow-up period, a significant higher treatment continuation was observed for patients newly initiated on paliperidone palmitate (46.2%) than those initiated on risperidone microspheres (14.6%). Additionally, a significantly higher treatment continuation was found for ‘stable’ PP3M patients (81.8%) than ‘stable’ PP1M patients (62.9%). Patients were more likely to discontinue when drugs prescribed by GP only (HR = 1.68, p < 0.001 vs. psychiatrist only) or being females (HR = 1.07, p < 0.001), whereas discontinuation rate decreased with age (31-50 years: HR = 0.95, p = 0.006 and > 50 years: HR = 0.91, p < 0.001 vs. 18-30 years).ConclusionsPaliperidone palmitate was associated with a significantly higher treatment continuation than risperidone microspheres. Treatment continuation is likely to be improved by targeting young patients (18-30 years), empowering GPs with mental health knowledge and managing patients by a collaborative primary care-mental health model. Further research is needed to understand why females have more treatment discontinuation.DisclosureRui Cai, Flore Decuypere and Pierre Chevalier are IQVIA employees and served as paid consultants to Janssen during the conduct of this study. Antonie Wimmer, Pascal Guillon, Stefan Pype, Annabelle Godet, Valeria Timtschenko are Janssen employees.
Conversation analysis, psychopathology and subjective experience in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Lucarini V. , Cangemi F. , Paraboschi F. , Lucchese J. , Daniel B. , Marchesi C. , Tonna M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia show severe difficulties in interpersonal communication, including impairments in conversation skills, like the turn-taking. To our knowledge, very few studies to date have taken into account conversation analysis in order to investigate turn-taking in schizophrenia patients.ObjectivesTo investigate the conversational patterns in schizophrenia patients; to assess possible associations between dialogic features, abnormal subjective experiences and symptom dimensions.MethodsThirty-six patients with Schizophrenia underwent an interview, subsequently analyzed with an innovative semi-automatic analysis. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was adopted for the investigation of psychopathology and Examination of Anomalous Self Experience (EASE) for Self-Disorders.ResultsDialogic exchanges are graphically represented in Figure 1. An inverse correlation was found between participant speaking time and PANSS negative symptoms score (r = -0.44, p value < 0.05; Figure 2), whereas no associations were found between conversational variables and PANSS positive or disorganization dimensions. Finally, a positive correlation was found between the EASE item “spazialization of thought” and average pause duration (r = 0.42, p value < 0.05).ConclusionsThe finding of a relationship between negative symptoms and conversational patterns suggest that conversational features in schizophrenia are expression of the “core” negative dimension of the disorder. The association with the phenomenon of thought spatialization seems to suggest that the disturbances of the stream of consciousness impact on natural dialogic interactions. Ultimately, conversation analysis seems a promising tool to study dialogic exchanges of patients with schizophrenia.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Hebephrenic schizophrenia as a variant of frontotemporal dementia – the true dementia praecox?
Authors: Medeiros A.B. , Descalço N. , Santos C. Fernandes , Gomes R. , Pereira M. Veiga 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionFrontotemporal Demential (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder evolving the frontal or temporal brain lobes. They have been described six variants. Behaviour variant (BvFTD) is the most common, and is characterized by changes in social behaviour and conduct, with loss of social awareness and poor impulse control. Hebephrenic schizophrenia (HSz), or disorganized schizophrenia, was recognized as a schizophrenia subtype, characterized by desorganized behaviour and a cognitive deteriorization. Subtypes of schizophrenia are no longer recognized as separate conditions neither in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, nor in the new International Statistical Classification of Diseases.ObjectivesTo review the literature about the concepts of hebephrenic schizophrenia and their similarities with the concept of frontotemporal dementiaMethodsNarrative review of the literature on PubMed/MEDLINE, using the keywords “hebephrenic szchizophrenia” AND “frontotemporal dementia”. Only articles in English were included.ResultsSome authors described dificulty in establish a diferential diagnosis between HSz and BvFTD. HSz has an earlier onset. However, BvFTD is an early age dementia. The fenomenology of both diseases is similar, and schizophrenia was historical conceptualized as praecox dementia. Frontotemporal abnormalities are common neuroimagiological findings in schizophrenia. Clinically, FTD shows a profound alteration in personality and social conduct, emotional blunting and loss of insight. Memory, intellectual functions, executive and attentional abilities may be disturbed in both.ConclusionsA diferential diagnosis between HSz and BvFTD is dificult to establish (clinically and imagiologically). The response to treatment is weak in both. It should be investigated the possibility they could be the same syndrome, onseting in diferent ages.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Influenza and schizophrenia: How can we shed a light in the new virus from an old association?
Authors: Magalhães D. , Ferreira F. , Ferreira T. , Figueiredo I. , Martinho F. , Felício R. , Santos N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 raises serious concerns regarding its unknown consequences for health, including psychiatric long term outcomes. Historically, influenza virus has been responsible for pandemics associated with schizophrenia. Epidemiological studies showed increased risk for schizophrenia in children of mothers exposed to the 1957 influenza A2 pandemic. Controversy remains concerning the mechanisms of pathogenesis underlying this risk.ObjectivesWe aim to review the evidence for the association between influenza infection and schizophrenia risk, the possible pathogenic mechanisms underlying and correlate these findings with the schizophrenia hypothesis of neurodevelopment.MethodsWe reviewed literature regarding evidence from epidemiological, translational animal models and serological studies using medline database.ResultsThe biological mechanisms likely to be relevant account to the effects of infection-induced maternal immune activation, microglial activation, infection-induced neuronal autoimmunity, molecular mimicry of the influenza virus, neuronal surface autoantibodies and psychosis with potential infectious antecedents. Influenza infection may fit into the theory of the neurodevelopment of schizophrenia as a factor that alters the normal maturation processes of the brain (possible second or third hit).ConclusionsInfluenza infection has multiple pathogenic pathways in both pre and post natal processes that might increase the risk of schizophrenia or psychosis. The existing evidence regarding the relationship between influenza virus and psychosis might help us draw similar long-term concerns of COVID-19.DisclosureNo significant relationships.