bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objective performance metrics in human robotic neuroendovascular interventions: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Gariscsak Peter J. , Salaheen Zaid , Godfrey Christina , Tampieri Donatella , Appireddy Ramana 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to review the available information on objective performance metrics used during robotic neuroendovascular intervention procedures on humans.

Introduction:
Robotic neuroendovascular intervention is defined as any endovascular procedure within the vasculature of the central nervous system with the assistance of a robotic system for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Robotic systems are described as a two-component system consisting of a patient-side mechanical robot, and a separate operator control station. Robotic neuroendovascular intervention is a growing field and there is a need to establish objective performance metrics for furthering evidence-based reporting of the literature.

Inclusion criteria:
This scoping review will consider all studies involving humans that utilize robotic neuroendovascular intervention. We will consider all types of studies, reports, and reviews as well as gray literature. Studies will be included if they describe the use of an objective performance metric during robotic neuroendovascular intervention. This review is not limited to a particular country or health care system, and will consider all study designs, regardless of their rigor or language.

Methods:
Utilizing a three-step framework as a guide, we will perform a systematic search in Embase, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE. Available literature from inception to the present will be considered. Studies will be independently screened according to the inclusion criteria by two reviewers based on title, abstract, and full text. Data will be extracted, sorted, and presented in both a narrative summary as well as table and diagram based on the objective of the scoping review.
Access to health and social services by women living on a low income in Canada: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Whitfield Martha M. , Waite Jennifer , Duhn Lenora , Ross-White Amanda , Godfrey Christina M. , Camargo-Plazas Pilar 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to map the current evidence about access to health and social services for women living on a low income in Canada.

Introduction:
Women, especially those living on a low income, are disproportionately likely to suffer inequities in access to health and social services. There is insufficient understanding of how the interaction of socioeconomic factors and gender can affect women's access to these services. This review will provide an initial picture of what exists in the literature about access to health and social services for women living on a low income in Canada. The results of this scoping review may be used to inform subsequent qualitative and quantitative reviews on this subject.

Inclusion criteria:
Literature addressing access to health and social services by women who are 18 years or older and living on a low income in Canada will be considered for inclusion. Health services will include health promotion and disease prevention; treatment of medical conditions; and rehabilitation, palliative, and end-of-life care. Social services are non-medical services designed to help members of a society who may need extra support or are considered to have social or behavioral risk factors.

Methods:
We will search relevant electronic databases (eg, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO) and gray literature. The review will include all study designs, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods methodologies (excluding economic analyses or clinical practice guideline development documents). Two reviewers will test the screening criteria and data extraction protocol.
Effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation programs in improving medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Gebremichael Lemlem G. , Beleigoli Alline , Champion Stephanie , Nesbitt Katie , Bulto Lemma N. , Pinero de Plaza Maria Alejandra , Pearson Vincent , Noonan Sara , Hendriks Jeroen M. , Hines Sonia , Clark Robyn A. 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
The objective of this review is to measure the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation programs versus standard care on medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Introduction:
Poor adherence to long-term medications increases the risk of morbidity and mortality, and decreases quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Several strategies have been trialed to improve medication adherence, one of which is cardiac rehabilitation programs. Although evidence has indicated that such programs increase medication adherence, the extent of their effectiveness and translation into clinical practice is not well documented. Our systematic review will collect and analyze the available evidence for clinical practice implementation.

Inclusion criteria:
The search will aim to locate randomized controlled trials. Where randomized controlled trials are not available, quasi-experimental studies, case-control studies, observational studies, and other study designs will be included. Studies that measure effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation programs compared with standard care on medication adherence in cardiovascular disease patients will be included.

Methods:
Databases, including MEDLINE (Ovid), Emcare (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCO), and unpublished sources will be searched. Articles in English and non-English-language articles with an English abstract, published from database inception to the present, will be included. Articles will be screened and reviewed by 2 independent reviewers for inclusion. Critical appraisal tools will be applied to the included studies. Data will be extracted using the appropriate extraction tools and synthesized for the objectives of the study.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42021284705
Effectiveness of using activity-monitoring devices on patients with cardiovascular disease participating in cardiac rehabilitation programs: an umbrella review protocol
Authors: Dafny Hila Ariela , Champion Stephanie , Gebremichael Lemlem G. , Pearson Vincent , Nesbitt Katie , de Plaza Maria Alejandra Pinero , Bulto Lemma N , Noonan Sara , Hines Sonia , Hendriks Jeroen M , Clark Robyn A , Beleigoli Alline 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of the review is to investigate the effectiveness of activity-monitoring devices and mobile applications on physical activity and health outcomes of patients with cardiovascular disease who are participating in cardiac rehabilitation programs.

Introduction:
Supporting patients with cardiovascular conditions to achieve and maintain healthy physical activity levels is the cornerstone of cardiac rehabilitation programs. The effectiveness of activity-monitoring devices and mobile applications (such as physical activity interventions) utilizing consumer-grade monitoring devices and applications to support patients to improve exercise levels during and after program completion has been investigated. Several systematic reviews evaluating the effectiveness of monitoring devices and applications have indicated varying clinical impact, depending on patient characteristics, stage of rehabilitation, and type of intervention.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of patients who participated in cardiac rehabilitation programs that included a physical activity intervention that incorporated activity monitoring using electronic devices and/or mobile applications and reported activity and patient health outcomes.

Methods:
MEDLINE, Embase, Sport Discus, The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, CINAHL, The International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA) database, Epistemonikos, and Web of Science will be searched from inception to the present. PROSPERO will be searched for unpublished reviews. Articles will be screened by two independent reviewers for inclusion, and methodological quality will be assessed using a JBI critical appraisal tool. Data will be extracted from systematic reviews and a data synthesis of findings will be presented. The certainty will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42022298877
Burden of neurological diseases in Asia from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study data
Authors: Kang Seungji , Eum Seuhyun , Chang Yoonkyung , Koyanagi Ai , Jacob Louis , Smith Lee , Shin Jae Il , Song Tae-Jin 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThe burden of neurological disorders is increasing worldwide, including Asia. The purpose of this study was to determine the burden of neurological disorders between 1990 and 2019 in Asia using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Sociodemographic Index.Design, setting, outcome and participantsThe GBD Study is updated every year and the most recent version provides the burden of diseases according to age, gender and region from 1990 to 2019. The burden of neurological disorders was evaluated as incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), years of life lost and years lived with disability.ResultsIn 2019, DALYs of neurological diseases were 64.4 million in South-East Asia (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 45.2 to 94.2) and 85.0 million in Western Pacific regions (95% UI 63.0 to 118.5). Stroke, migraine, Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias had the highest DALYs in the WHO South-East Asia and WHO Western Pacific regions in 2019. DALYs of stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, Parkinson’s disease, brain and central nervous system cancer, multiple sclerosis, migraine and tension-type headache increased in both regions in 2019 compared with 1990. Infectious diseases such as tetanus, meningitis and encephalitis decreased in both regions. DALYs of idiopathic epilepsy and motor neuron disease increased in the WHO South-East Asia region and decreased in the WHO Western Pacific region.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the burden of neurological diseases in Asia. To reduce the burden of neurological diseases, strategies suitable for each country’s real healthcare needs and challenges are needed; this study can serve as the cornerstone of these strategies.
Pulsed electromagnetic fields for the management of knee osteoarthritis: multicentre, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial protocol
Authors: Xiang Xiao-Na , Zhu Si-Yi , Song Kang-Ping , Wang Xiao-Yi , Liu Hui-Zhen , Yang Wen-Jie , Wang Haiming , Zhang Chi , Yang Lin , He Chengqi 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) is an available treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), which is the most common cause of pain and disability. Nonetheless, whether the clinical effects are like that of most used drugs is unclear. Thus, this study aims to determine the effect of PEMF on pain relief by comparing them with the positive drug (celecoxib). Furthermore, this clinical trial aims to evaluate the effect of PEMF on function and quality of life with a long-term follow-up.Methods and analysisThis two-armed, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial will be conducted in the outpatient physiatry/physiotherapy clinic or inpatient ward of 17 hospitals in China. A total of 428 individuals will be included who are more than 40 years of age with diagnosed KOA. The participants will be randomly allocated to the PEMF group: receiving a 6-week PEMF (15 Hz, 30 mT) at a frequency of 40 min per day, 5 days per week plus sham drug (n=214), or drug group: receiving a 6-week celecoxib 200 mg combined with sham PEMF (n=214). Clinical outcomes will be measured at baseline (T0), mid-term of intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2), 10, 18 and 30 weeks (T3–5) of follow-up after randomisation. The primary outcome will be the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) pain index. The secondary outcomes will be WOMAC function and stiffness, pain measured by numerical rating score, quality of life, 6-minute walk test, pain catastrophising scale and responder index.Ethics and disseminationThe trial is performed following the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol and consent form have been approved by the Ethics Committee on Biomedical Research of West China Hospital of Sichuan University (#2021-220). All patients will give informed consent before participation and the trial is initiated after approval. Results of this trial will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100052131.
Prevalence and changes of low-value care at acute care hospitals: a multicentre observational study in Japan
Authors: Miyawaki Atsushi , Ikesu Ryo , Tokuda Yasuharu , Goto Rei , Kobayashi Yasuki , Sano Kazuaki , Tsugawa Yusuke 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesWe aimed to examine the use and factors associated with the provision of low-value care in Japan.DesignA multicentre observational study.SettingRoutinely collected claims data that include all inpatient and outpatient visits in 242 large acute care hospitals (accounting for approximately 11% of all acute hospitalisations in Japan).Participants345 564 patients (median age (IQR): 62 (40–75) years; 182 938 (52.9%) women) seeking care at least once in the hospitals in the fiscal year 2019.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe identified 33 low-value services, as defined by clinical evidence, and developed two versions of claims-based measures of low-value services with different sensitivity and specificity (broader and narrower definitions). We examined the number of low-value services, the proportion of patients receiving these services and the proportion of total healthcare spending incurred by these services in 2019. We also evaluated the 2015–2019 trends in the number of low-value services.ResultsServices identified by broader low-value care definition occurred in 7.5% of patients and accounted for 0.5% of overall annual healthcare spending. Services identified by narrower low-value care definition occurred in 4.9% of patients and constituted 0.2% of overall annual healthcare spending. Overall, there was no clear trend in the prevalence of low-value services between 2015 and 2019. When focusing on each of the 17 services accounting for more than 99% of all low-value services identified (narrower definition), 6 showed decreasing trends from 2015 to 2019, while 4 showed increasing trends. Hospital size and patients’ age, sex and comorbidities were associated with the probability of receiving low-value service.ConclusionsA substantial number of patients received low-value care in Japan. Several low-value services with high frequency, especially with increasing trends, require further investigation and policy interventions for better resource allocation.
Cluster randomised controlled trial of screening for atrial fibrillation in people aged 70 years and over to reduce stroke: protocol for the pilot study for the SAFER trial
Authors: Williams Kate , Modi Rakesh Narendra , Dymond Andrew , Hoare Sarah , Powell Alison , Burt Jenni , Edwards Duncan , Lund Jenny , Johnson Rachel , Lobban Trudie , Lown Mark , Sweeting Michael J , Thom H , Kaptoge Stephen , Fusco Francesco , Morris Stephen , Lip Gregory , Armstrong Natalie , Cowie Martin R , Fitzmaurice David A , Freedman Ben , Griffin Simon J , Sutton Stephen , Hobbs FD Richard , McManus Richard J , Mant Jonathan , SAFER Authorship Group The 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia associated with 30% of strokes, as well as other cardiovascular disease, dementia and death. AF meets many criteria for screening, but there is limited evidence that AF screening reduces stroke. Consequently, no countries recommend national screening programmes for AF. The Screening for Atrial Fibrillation with ECG to Reduce stroke (SAFER) trial aims to determine whether screening for AF is effective at reducing risk of stroke. The aim of the pilot study is to assess feasibility of the main trial and inform implementation of screening and trial procedures.Methods and analysisSAFER is planned to be a pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT) of over 100 000 participants aged 70 years and over, not on long-term anticoagulation therapy at baseline, with an average follow-up of 5 years. Participants are asked to record four traces every day for 3 weeks on a hand-held single-lead ECG device. Cardiologists remotely confirm episodes of AF identified by the device algorithm, and general practitioners follow-up with anticoagulation as appropriate. The pilot study is a cluster RCT in 36 UK general practices, randomised 2:1 control to intervention, recruiting approximately 12 600 participants. Pilot study outcomes include AF detection rate, anticoagulation uptake and other parameters to incorporate into sample size calculations for the main trial. Questionnaires sent to a sample of participants will assess impact of screening on psychological health. Process evaluation and qualitative studies will underpin implementation of screening during the main trial. An economic evaluation using the pilot data will confirm whether it is plausible that screening might be cost-effective.Ethics and disseminationThe London—Central Research Ethics Committee (19/LO/1597) and Confidentiality Advisory Group (19/CAG/0226) provided ethical approval. Dissemination will be via publications, patient-friendly summaries, reports and engagement with the UK National Screening Committee.Trial registration numberISRCTN72104369.
TOwards enhancing Paediatric Intensive Care for Children with Medical Complexity (ToPIC CMC): a mixed-methods study protocol using Experience-based Co-design
Authors: Rennick Janet , Buchanan Francine , Cohen Eyal , Carnevale Franco , Dryden-Palmer Karen , Fontela Patricia , Patel Hema , Razack Saleem , St-Sauveur Isabelle , Law Susan 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAdvances in medical technology and postoperative care have led to increased survival of children with medical complexity (CMC). Parents of CMC develop substantial caregiver expertise and familiarity with paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) staff and treatment procedures which may give rise to tensions regarding respective roles, caretaking preferences, treatment goals and expected outcomes. A therapeutic alliance built through strong partnerships constitutes the foundation of patient and family-centred care (PFCC), contributing to improvements in experiences and outcomes. Yet acute care settings continue to struggle with integrating PFCC into practice. This study aims to enhance PFCC for CMC in the PICU using an innovative approach to integrated knowledge translation.MethodsA mixed-method concurrent triangulation design will be used to develop, implement and evaluate PFCC practice changes for CMC in the PICU. Qualitative data will be collected using an Experience-based Co-design (EBCD) approach. Parents, CMC and staff will reflect on their PICU care experiences (stages 1 and 2), identify priorities for improvement (stage 3), devise strategies to implement changes (stage 4), evaluate practice changes and study process, and disseminate findings (stage 5). The quantitative arm will consist of a prepractice and postpractice change evaluation, compared with a control site. Analysis of qualitative and quantitative data will provide insights regarding the impact of PICU practice changes on PFCC.Ethics and disseminationThe McGill University Health Centre Research Ethics Board (Ref. #2019-5021) and the Hospital for Sick Children Research Ethics Board (Ref. #1000063801) approved the study. Knowledge users and researchers will be engaged as partners throughout the study as per our participatory approach. Knowledge products will include a short film featuring themes and video/audio clips from the interviews, recommendations for improvements in care, and presentations for healthcare leaders and clinical teams, in addition to traditional academic outputs such as conference presentations and publications.
Clinical research nurse and midwife as an integral member of the Trial Management Group (TMG): much more than a resource to manage and recruit patients
Authors: Pye Clare , Tinkler Linda , Metwally Mostafa 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe clinical research nurse/midwife (CRN/M) makes a unique contribution to research delivery in the National Health Service, resulting from a close therapeutic relationship with research participants. Investment in research infrastructure has led to nurses and midwives undertaking extended roles to deliver clinical research and evidence demonstrates the important contributions they make to the clinical research process, quality of research outcomes and most importantly the safe expert care of research participants. The value of the CRN/M’s contribution to the broader research team and acknowledgement of the importance of their input, however, remains unspecified and tacit in nature.AimTo demonstrate the value a CRN/M has on overall trial design and performance when funded as a co-applicant and member of the Trial Management Group (TMG).MethodThis briefing paper outlines the development and implementation of the CRN/M role and will describe its impact to promote the benefits of such a role as much more than a resource to recruit and manage participants.ResultsRecognising CRN/Ms expertise, knowledge and contribution within this context is a positive step for the research agenda, individual career development and opportunity to introduce innovative ways of working to benefit the research landscape, ultimately contributing to the growth of the body of evidence available to influence patient care.ConclusionWhen a CRN/M is funded as a co-applicant and member of the TMG, the role has a positive demonstrable impact on overall trial success.
Association of diet quality and hormonal status in exercising women with menstrual disturbances
Authors: Łagowska Karolina , Strock Nicole C.A. , Koltun Kristen J. , Williams Nancy I. , De Souza Mary Jane 
Published: September 2022

Diet plays a role in the pathophysiology and treatment of women with hyperandrogenic menstrual disturbances; however, limited research exists examining components of dietary intake in women with subclinical menstrual disturbances. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the relationship between diet quality and hormonal status in exercising women with menstrual disturbances. Eighty exercising women with ovulatory menstrual cycles (OV; n = 32), women with oligo/amenorrhea without evidence of hyperandrogenism (Oligo/Amen-LowFAI; n = 28), and women with oligo/amenorrhea and evidence of subclinical hyperandrogenism (Oligo/Amen-HighFAI; n = 32) participated in the cross-sectional observational study (Clinical Trial Number: NCT00392873). Self-reported menstrual history, resting energy expenditure, body composition, hormonal and metabolic hormone concentrations determined reproductive and metabolic status. Serum androgens and calculated free androgen index (FAI) determined androgen status. The Diet Quality Index International (DQI-I) and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) evaluated quality of diet. Oligo/Amen-HighFAI group had the highest androgen concentrations ( P < 0.05) and lower DQI-I score compared to OV group and Oligo/Amen-LowFAI ( P < 0.05). The Oligo/Amen-HighFAI group consumed less of vitamin A, B2, B6, B12, magnesium, and potassium compared to the Oligo/Amen-LowFAI group (all P < 0.05). In the women with menstrual disturbances with subclinically elevated androgens, poor diet quality is related to altered hormonal parameters which may have implications for future nutritional treatment strategies.