bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-Tuberculosis Tracheobronchial Stenosis: Long-Term Follow-Up after Self-Expandable Metallic Stents Placement and development of a prediction score: the Restenosis Score
Authors: Li Fuqi , Tian Sen , Huang Haidong , Zhang Wei , Huang Yi , Wu Ning , Wang Qin , Wang Xiangqi , Dong Yuchao , Bai Chong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The insertion of self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) for post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis (PTTS) was controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SEMS for treating PTTS, and developed a scoring system for predicting the occurrence of restenosis after stenting in PTTS patients.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of 87 patients who were diagnosed with PTTS and experienced SEMS insertion between January 2000 and December 2017. All procedures were performed via soft bronchoscopy under conscious sedation and local anesthesia.
Results
A total of 85 SEMS were successfully placed in 77 patients. Comparing with pre-stenting, there were significant improvements in the lumen diameters of the stenotic segment, mMRC scale and lung function after short-term SEMS placement. During the long-term (average 163.32 months) follow-up, 48 patients (62.3%) didn’t develop restenosis after stenting; the other 29 patients (37.7%) developed and eventually, 12 remained under interventional therapies and 11 had bronchial atresia. Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that the difference value between SEMS length and the stenosis-segment length, stenosis type, and the number of pre-stenting thermal ablation were independently related to restenosis occurrence and were subsequently used to establish the Restenosis Score. The model’s development group (0.83, 95%CI: 0.74–0.92) and external validation set (0.94, 95%CI: 0.77–1.00) showed excellent discrimination.
Conclusion
SEMS placement could serve as a safe and effective treatment option for most patients with PTTS. Further, we built a prediction model depending on the independent predictors of restenosis occurrence, the Restenosis Score. This validated tool might provide a decision support and a better management for PTTS patients who underwent SEMS implantation.
Using Participatory Action Research to pilot a model of service user and caregiver involvement in mental health system strengthening in Ethiopian primary healthcare: A case study
Authors: Abayneh Sisay , Lempp Heidi , Kohrt Brandon A. , Alem Atalay , Hanlon Charlotte 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about actual involvement or how to achieve service user and caregiver in mental health systems strengthening in low-and middle-income countries. This study describes the processes and explores involvement experiences of participants in a pilot study of a new model of service user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a rural district in southern Ethiopia.
Methods
We applied a case study design using participatory action research (PAR). The PAR process comprised of three stages, each with iterative activities of plan, act, observe and reflect. Two stakeholder groups, a Research Advisory Group (RAG) and Research Participant Group (RPG), were established and collaborated in the PAR process. Data collection involved process documentation of meetings and activities: attendances, workshop minutes, discussion outputs, reflective notes, participatory observation of sessions, and in-depth interviews with 12 RPG members. We analyzed the process data descriptively. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Triangulation and synthesis of findings was carried out to develop the case study.
Results
The stakeholder groups identified their top research priorities, developed an intervention and action plan and made a public presentation of preliminary findings. Key mechanisms used for inclusive participation included capacity building and bringing together diverse stakeholders, anchoring the study in established strong community involvement structures, and making use of participatory strategies and activities during the PAR process. Four themes were developed about experiences of involvement in PAR: (i) expectations and motivation,(ii) experiences of the dynamics of the PAR process,(iii) perceived impacts of involvement in the PAR process, and (iv) implementation challenges and future directions.
Conclusion
This case study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a complex model of service-user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a resource constrained setting. More needs to be done to embed service-user involvement into routines of the primary healthcare system, alongside sustained support and strengthening multi-stakeholder collaboration at multiple levels.
Fusion of AraBERT and DF-GAN for Arabic Text to Image Generation
Authors: BAHANI Mourad , OUAAZIZI Aziza EL , MAALMI Khalil 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Current AI systems have shown impressive results in the Automatic synthesis of high-resolution realistic images from texts descriptions. Specifically, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) as a powerful technology that utilizes computer vision tools to create two models, the Generator that generates realistic images and the discriminator that distinguishes whether the images synthesized are real or fake. Further, Most text-to-image generation frameworks leverage the power of GANs to generate realistic images conditioned with texts descriptions. In this paper, we fuse a sample and efficient text-to-image generation framework called DF-GAN and AraBERT architecture to generate images conditioned with Arabic texts descriptions. Firstly, we recreate new datasets matching the Arabic text-to-image generation task by applying super translation using the DeepL-Translator from English to Arabic on texts descriptions. Secondly, we leverage the power of AraBERT which is trained on billions of Arabic words to produce a strong sentence embedding, and we reduce that vector’s dimension to match with DF-GAN shape. Thirdly, we inject the reduced sentence embedding into the DF-GAN framework to generate high-resolution realistic, and text-matching images conditioned with Arabic texts descriptions. Such as in previous work, we use CUB and Oxford-102 flowers as original datasets. Further, we measure our framework with FID and IS. Our framework is the first that achieve much success in generating high-resolution realistic and text matching images conditioned with Arabic text.
Papillary Tumor of The Pineal Region Rare Pediatric CNS Tumor: Case Series Treated in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC)
Authors: Mobark Nahla Ali , Alharbi Musa , Alotabi Fahad , Alshoumer Azhar , AlSaad Abdulaziz N , AlNaqib Zaid G. , Shakweer Wafa Al , Alsolme Ebtehal , Jabarat Wael A. Al , Balbaid Ali Abdullah O. , Abedalthagafi Malak 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The clinical behaviors, prognosis, and appropriate treatments of Papillary tumors of the pineal region (PTPR) are not fully defined due to the rarity of these tumors. At diagnosis, PTPR may present with clinical symptoms including headache with obstructive hydrocephalus, diplopia, vomiting, and lethargy as well as neurological signs including Argyll Robertson pupils and Parinaud’s syndrome due to compression of the dorsal midbrain, specifically the periaqueductal region with horizontal nystagmus. Radiological assessment of pineal region lesions is challenging, with a wide range of potential differential diagnoses. PTPR typically presents as a heterogeneous, well-circumscribed mass in the pineal region, which might contain cystic areas, calcifications, hemorrhages or protein accumulations. Here, we report three female pediatric patients with PTPR treated in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Saudi Arabia. Histological and immunohistochemical diagnosis was confirmed by analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation profiles. This case series expands on the available reports on the clinical presentations of PTPR and provides important information on the responses to different treatment modalities.
An innovative solution for rural food waste treatment: From waste to organic grains
Authors: Wang Lan , Zhou Gaifang , Qin Tianyu , Guo Liyue , Li Caihong , Liu Meizhen , Jiang Gaoming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Food waste (FW) in a whole country contains a large amount of nitrogen which could be used to replace chemical fertilizers to produce organic grains, thus mitigating environmental pollution from the source. A two-year field experiment was carried out using rural FW to grow organic grains in Shandong Province, China. Different proportions of FW and cattle manure were designed as followings, FM0, 100% cattle manure compost (CMC); FM1, 75% CMC + 25% FW; FM2, 50% CMC + 50% FW; FM3, 25% CMC + 75% FW; FM4, 100% FW; CF, 100% chemical fertilizer; CK, without any fertilizers. Compared with CK and FM0, the application of FW significantly increased the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium content of the soil. FW did not cause increase of heavy metals such as cuprum, zinc and chromium in the soils, nor did it increase the heavy metals in the grains. Using FW to replace all cattle manure, the total organic yield of grains reached to an average of 18163 kg ha− 1. We found that 1 kg dry FW could produce 1.64 kg organic grains under organic conditions, with the average net income being 5.42 times that of chemical mode. Our findings may provide an innovative solution for treating rural food wastes, ensuring food safety, and conservating the agriculture ecosystem.
Investigation of acylated anthocyanins from black rice by lipase-catalyzed: Improvement of lipid-soluble antioxidant activity and stability
Authors: Wang Hui , Sun Lina , Li Yanhui , Kong Yue , Kang Zimeng , Wu Zenan , Lv Wenbiao , Xie Ruiwei , Xie Fengying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, a series of acylated anthocyanins from black rice with different weight ratio of caffeic acid has been successfully prepared by lipase-catalyzed in non-aqueous phase. The effects of acylation on the antioxidant capacity and degradation kinetics were also conducted. The ability of scavenging liposoluble radical and total antioxidant capacity for anthocyanins were improved by acylation reaction. The total antioxidant capacity reached maximum when the weight ratio of anthocyanins to caffeic acid was 1:1. Moreover, the decomposition stability of acylated anthocyanins was enhanced and the degradation followed first order reaction kinetics with respect to temperature, pH and light, respectively. The decomposition rate at relevant pH value for acylated anthocyanins with the weight ratio of 2:1 was the highest. However, the rate constant of anthocyanins against heat and light were decreased with the increasing content of caffeic acid, which illustrated that the thermal and light stability was increased with the content of caffeic acid increasing. The exploration of this study would extend the application of anthocyanin in organic phase and lay the groundwork for further exploring the potential application of anthocyanins in food industry.
Simulation of membrane deployment accounting for the nonlinear crease effect based on absolute nodal coordinate formulation
Authors: Wang Tengfei , Wu Ziyuan , Wang Jia , Lan Peng , Xu Minglong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the origami membrane is modeled as a flexible multibody system and its deployment is simulated based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation. The nonlinear anti-deployment effect of crease is integrated into the multibody system via the virtual work principle. The facet is modeled by the thin shell element and the crease is constructed as a nonlinear torsional spring with specific position and gradient constraints. The behavior of the crease is parameterized based on the experimental data. The modeling approach is verified by the numerical/experimental reference of the Z-folding structure in the existing literature. For the multi-crease origami membrane model considering the crease effect, a form-finding method to obtain the initial configuration of the flexible origami is proposed based on the principle of minimum potential energy. The deployment of the classical Miura-ori unit membrane structure is analyzed. The magnitude of driving force is estimated based on the force analysis of rigid deployment. Based on the simulation result of flexible deployment, the driving force is planned to achieve a stable deployment with a constant increase speed in the deployment ratio. This work is expected to provide a reference for the design of space membrane structure, the estimation of driving force, and optimizing the deployment strategy of an origami membrane.
Propagation characteristics of an elastic bar coupled with a discrete snap-through element
Authors: Bhattacharyya Aneesh , Adhikari Sondipon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Wave propagation characteristics of an elastic bar coupled at one end with a single degree of freedom, bi-stable, essentially nonlinear snap-through element are considered. The free end of the bar is subjected to sinusoidal excitations. A novel approach based on Multiple Time Scales and Harmonic Balance Method has been proposed to analytically investigate the reflected wave from the nonlinear interface and the dynamic response of the snap-through element. A unified approach to the non-dimensional representation of the governing equations of motion, boundary conditions and system parameters which is consistent across all the externally applied excitation frequencies and excitation amplitudes, has been developed. Through Taylor series expansion of the non-autonomous forcing functions arising in the governing differential equations and natural boundary condition about an initial stable configuration of the system and the proposed asymptotic method, approximate closed-form analytical solutions have been derived for sufficiently small amplitudes of the excitation pulse. Numerical results obtained through a Finite Difference algorithm, validate the asymptotic model for the same small amplitudes of the excitation pulse. A stability analysis has been subsequently performed for the discrete snap-through element by using the Extended Floquet Theory for sufficiently large amplitudes of the excitation pulse by approximating the displacement at the nonlinear interface as a sinusoidal function of time, and the Mathieu plot of the excitation frequency vs the excitation amplitude showing the stable and unstable regions for the motion of the snap-through element has been generated. The expressions derived here give the most comprehensive and consistent description of the wave propagation characteristics and the motion of the snap-through element, which can be directly used in finite-difference analysis over a wide range of parameter values of the excitation pulse.
Development of Magnitude Correlation Equations for the Tsunamigenic Zones of the Indian Ocean
Authors: Sabah Nazeel , Shanker Daya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
There is a pressing need for a homogonous tsunami catalogue for the Indian Ocean as nearly 20 per cent of tsunami events worldwide affect the region. Any study on tsunami hazard assessment necessitates a homogenous tsunamigenic earthquake catalogue. The existing records of strong tsunamigenic earthquakes have the magnitudes expressed in Moment magnitude (MW), Body wave magnitude (mb), Local magnitude (ML) and Surface wave magnitude (MS). This study deals with developing regional magnitude correlation equations for tsunamigenic earthquakes of the Indian Ocean. The present investigation estimates the threshold magnitude and focal depth for an earthquake to turn tsunamigenic. It is found that earthquakes above MW ≥ 5.2 and focal depth ≤ 80 km have the potential to generate a tsunami in the region. Since the moment magnitude is the most scientific and reliable scale that describes earthquakes' physical size, equations have been developed to convert surface wave magnitude (MS) to moment magnitude (MW). Three types of regression models have been used, viz. Orthogonal Standard Regression (OSR), Standard Regression (SR) and Inverse Standard Regression (ISR). The efficacy of these models has been compared in terms of R-Squared and residual analysis. This study indicates that OSR (Orthogonal Standard Regression) is the best-suited regression model for developing magnitude correlation equations for the region. Magnitude conversion equations for three zones of the Indian Ocean have been created. Additionally, a single unified conversion equation for the whole of the Indian Ocean has also been derived with rational accuracy.
Reduced Neural Responses to Reward Reflect Anhedonia and Inattention: An ERP Study
Authors: Liu Zhengjie , Wang Mengyun , Zhou Xiaojuan , Qin Shubao , Zeng Ziyang , Zhang Zhongming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: An inhibited neural response to reward is typical of clinical depression and can predict an individual's overall depressive symptoms. However, the mechanism underlying this are unclear. Previous studies have found that anhedonia and inattention may mediate the relationship between reward sensitivity and depressive symptoms.Therefore, this study aimed to verify the relationship between reward sensitivity and overall depressive symptoms in a depressive tendency sample as well as to explore the mechanism underlying the ability of neural responses to reward to predict overall depressive symptoms via a mediation model.Methods: Sixty-four participants (33 with depressive tendencies and 31 without; dichotomized by BDI-II) finished simple gambling tasks while their event-related potential components (ERPs) were recorded and compared. Linear regression was conducted to verify the predictive effect of ERPs on overall depressive symptoms. A multiple mediator model was used, with anhedonia and distractibility as mediators reward sensitivity and overall depressive symptoms.Results: The amplitude of reward positivity (ΔRewP) was greater in healthy controls compared to those with depressive tendencies (p = 0.006). Both the gain-locked ERP component (b = −1.183, p = 0.007) and the ΔRewP (b = −0.991, p = 0.024) could significantly negatively predict overall depressive symptoms even after controlling for all anxiety symptoms. The indirect effects of anhedonia and distractibility were significant (both confidence intervals did not contain 0) while the direct effect of reward sensitivity on depressive symptom was not significant (lower confidence interval = −0.320, upper confidence interval = 0.065).Limitations: Anhedonia and distractibility were both quantified by self-report scales in this study; thus, future studies that include behavioural indicators are warranted.Conclusions: Individuals with depressive tendencies display impaired neural responses to reward compared to healthy controls and reduced individual neural responses to reward may reflect the different biotypes of depression such as anhedonia and inattention.
Public support for natural gas bans in the United States
Authors: McLean Elena , Whang Taehee , Yang Joonseok 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the US have largely treated natural gas as a clean fuel due to its lower dioxide-to-energy content than other fuels. However, recent local decarbonization initiatives seek to ban residential uses of natural gas. Public support for such policies will determine whether other localities adopt natural gas bans and whether state and federal policies may follow. At the same time, several states adopted policies prohibiting natural gas bans. In this study, we show that public support for gas bans depends on policy design. Our survey experiment shows that health effects of proposed policies are associated with public support, whereas monthly energy costs, industry support, and information about climate effects and political support for the proposed policy do not influence public opinion.
Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and Molecular docking studies of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-substituted phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide derivatives
Authors: Shinde Ravindra Raghunath , Dhawale Sachin , Fatema Samreen , Farooqui Mazahar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A new series of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-substituted phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide derivates (4A-4N) have been synthesized in excellent yields and structures were characterized by spectral techniques like 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-MS & FT-IR. The newly synthesized derivatives were evaluated for anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Among them, compound 4H (IC50 = 13.11 µM and 23.61 µM) and compound 4M (IC50 = 11.55µM to 31.87µM) shows good cytotoxicity activity toward both cell line, while compounds 4B (IC50 = 9.48 µM), 4I (IC50 = 7.11 µM), and 4J (IC50 = 8.27 µM) showed promising cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line as compared with standard (Doxorubicin). Also explored docking study with binding mode of interactions and active site in EGFR tyrosinse (PDB ID: 2J5F) proteins and molecular docking study shows very good interaction with the tyrosinse kinase active site. In addition of this targeted compounds were studied the pharmacokinetic and the compounds were follow Lipinski’s rule of five as well as compounds have acceptable good drug-likeness score properties.
Palliative care practice and moral distress during COVID-19 pandemic (PEOpLE-C19 study): a national, cross-sectional study in the Czech Republic
Authors: Prokopová Tereza , Hudec Jan , Vrbica Kamil , Stašek Jan , Pokorná Andrea , Štourač Petr , Rusinová Kateřina , Kerpnerová Paulína , Štěpánová Radka , Svobodník Adam , Maláska Jan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundProviding palliative care, including end-of-life decisions (EOLD), seems to be modified during the COVID-19 pandemic with potential burden of moral distress (MD) to health care providers (HCPs) We seek to assess the practice of palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic focusing on the level of moral distress and its possible modifiable factors.MethodsBetween June 16, 2021, and September 16, 2021, a national, cross-sectional study in intensive care units (ICU) in Czech Republic was performed. Physicians and nurses working in ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic were included in the study. For questionnaire development ACADEMY and CHERRIES guide and checklist were used. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyses possible modifiable factors of MD.ResultsIn total, 313 HCPs (14.5% out of all opened questionnaires) fully completed the survey. Results showed that 51.8% (n = 162) of respondents were exposed to MD during the COVID-19 pandemic. 63.1% (n = 113) of nurses and 71.6% of (n = 96) physicians had experience with the perception of disproportionate care. If disproportionate care was perceived, higher chance for the occurrence of moral distress for HCPs (OR, 1.854; CI, 1.057–3.252; p = 0.0312) was found. When patients died with dignity, chance for MD was lower (OR, 0.235; CI, 0.128–0.430; p < 0.001). The three most often reported differences in palliative care practice during pandemic were health system congestion, personnel factors, and characteristics of COVID-19 infection.ConclusionsHCPs working at ICUs experienced significant MD during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic. The major sources were perceiving disproportionate care and dying of patients without dignity. Strategies for improvement in communication and ethical climate must be prioritised.Trial registration NCT04910243; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04910243. Registered 2 June 2021