bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning prediction of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Tanioka Satoru , Yago Tetsushi , Tanaka Katsuhiro , Ishida Fujimaro , Kishimoto Tomoyuki , Tsuda Kazuhiko , Ikezawa Munenari , Araki Tomohiro , Miura Yoichi , Suzuki Hidenori 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo examine whether machine learning (ML) approach can be used to predict hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with accuracy and widespread applicability, we applied ML algorithms to multicenter clinical data and CT findings on admission. Patients with acute ICH from three hospitals (n = 351) and those from another hospital (n = 71) were retrospectively assigned to the development and validation cohorts, respectively. To develop ML predictive models, the k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) algorithm, logistic regression, support vector machines (SVMs), random forests, and XGBoost were applied to the patient data in the development cohort. The models were evaluated for their performance on the patient data in the validation cohort, which was compared with previous scoring methods, the BAT, BRAIN, and 9-point scores. The k-NN algorithm achieved the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.790 among all ML models, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 0.846, 0.733, and 0.775, respectively. The BRAIN score achieved the highest AUC of 0.676 among all previous scoring methods, which was lower than the k-NN algorithm (p = 0.016). We developed and validated ML predictive models of hematoma expansion in acute ICH. The models demonstrated good predictive ability, showing better performance than the previous scoring methods.
Carboxylic acids derived from triacylglycerols that contribute to the increase in acid value during the thermal oxidation of oils
Authors: Sakaino Masayoshi , Sano Takashi , Kato Shunji , Shimizu Naoki , Ito Junya , Rahmania Halida , Imagi Jun , Nakagawa Kiyotaka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcid value (AV), is a widely used indicator of oil degradation that, by definition, measures the free fatty acids formed via the hydrolysis of triacyclglycerols. However, based on observations made in previous studies, we hypothesized that the oxidation of triacylglycerols leads to the formation of carboxylic acids with a glycerol backbone which are also calculated as AV. In this study, we aimed to identify such carboxylic acids and prove the above hypothesis. Heating a canola oil at 180 °C for 6 h without the addition of water resulted in an increase in AV from 0.054 to 0.241. However, the contribution of free fatty acids to this increase in AV was minimal; free fatty acid-derived AV before and after heating was 0.020 and 0.023, respectively. Then, via mass spectrometric analyses, we identified two 8-carboxy-octanoyl (azelaoyl) -triacylglycerols (i.e., dioleoyl-azelaoyl-glycerol and oleoyl-linoleoyl-azelaoyl-glycerol) in the heated oil. Azelaoyl-triacylglycerols-derived AV before and after heating the oil was 0.008 and 0.109, respectively, demonstrating that azelaoyl-triacylglycerols contribute to AV. Such an increase in AV by azelaoyl-triacylglycerols was also observed in an oil used to deep-fry potatoes (i.e., an oil with a relatively high water content). These results suggest that AV is also an indicator of the thermal oxidation of triacylglycerols.
Normalized sensitivity of multi-dimensional body composition biomarkers for risk change prediction
Authors: Criminisi A. , Sorek N. , Heymsfield S. B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe limitations of BMI as a measure of adiposity and health risks have prompted the introduction of many alternative biomarkers. However, ranking diverse biomarkers from best to worse remains challenging. This study aimed to address this issue by introducing three new approaches: (1) a calculus-derived, normalized sensitivity score (NORSE) is used to compare the predictive power of diverse adiposity biomarkers; (2) multiple biomarkers are combined into multi-dimensional models, for increased sensitivity and risk discrimination; and (3) new visualizations are introduced that convey complex statistical trends in a compact and intuitive manner. Our approach was evaluated on 23 popular biomarkers and 6 common medical conditions using a large database (National Health and Nutrition Survey, NHANES, N ~ 100,000). Our analysis established novel findings: (1) regional composition biomarkers were more predictive of risk than global ones; (2) fat-derived biomarkers had stronger predictive power than weight-related ones; (3) waist and hip are always elements of the strongest risk predictors; (4) our new, multi-dimensional biomarker models yield higher sensitivity, personalization, and separation of the negative effects of fat from the positive effects of lean mass. Our approach provides a new way to evaluate adiposity biomarkers, brings forth new important clinical insights and sets a path for future biomarker research.
Novel 3-D printed radiation shielding materials embedded with bulk and nanoparticles of bismuth
Authors: Elsafi M. , El-Nahal M. A. , Sayyed M. I. , Saleh I. H. , Abbas M. I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the present study, a new type of radiation shielding material was developed by using a 3-D printing technique which enables to create a light radiation shielding materials of a great variety of shapes and dimensions. Micro and nano bismuth particles were incorporated as a filler between the inner layers of polylactic acid thermoplastic polymer (PLA Plastic) designed of the investigated 3-D printed prototypes to achieve the desired radiation attenuation. The effect of particle size on the attenuation parameters were studied over the energy range from 0.0595 to 1.41 MeV. The mass and thickness needed to reduce the intensity of the incoming radiation to half of its original value were determined experimentally for pure polymer (ABS Plastic), polymer with bulk Bi, and polymer with nano Bi. The results reveal that bismuth NPs with average particle size of about 17 ± 3 nm have a greater mass attenuation capability than normal bulk bismuth particles, meaning they are more efficient and a lighter shield can be produced. The enhanced shielding ability of nano bismuth particles was contributed to the excellent particle distribution, leading to an increase in the probability of photons interacting with the bismuth atoms. The bismuth NPs 3-D printed objects can be considered as a promising radiation shielding candidates and also could be utilized in manufacturing of radiation medical phantom.
Can machine learning algorithms perform better than multiple linear regression in predicting nitrogen excretion from lactating dairy cows
Authors: Chen Xianjiang , Zheng Huiru , Wang Haiying , Yan Tianhai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aims to compare the performance of multiple linear regression and machine learning algorithms for predicting manure nitrogen excretion in lactating dairy cows, and to develop new machine learning prediction models for MN excretion. Dataset used were collated from 43 total diet digestibility studies with 951 lactating dairy cows. Prediction models for MN were developed and evaluated using MLR technique and three machine learning algorithms, artificial neural networks, random forest regression and support vector regression. The ANN model produced a lower RMSE and a higher CCC, compared to the MLR, RFR and SVR model, in the tenfold cross validation. Meanwhile, a hybrid knowledge-based and data-driven approach was developed and implemented to selecting features in this study. Results showed that the performance of ANN models were greatly improved by the turning process of selection of features and learning algorithms. The proposed new ANN models for prediction of MN were developed using nitrogen intake as the primary predictor. Alternative models were also developed based on live weight and milk yield for use in the condition where nitrogen intake data are not available (e.g., in some commercial farms). These new models provide benchmark information for prediction and mitigation of nitrogen excretion under typical dairy production conditions managed within grassland-based dairy systems.
Thread shape, cortical bone thickness, and magnitude and distribution of stress caused by the loading of orthodontic miniscrews: finite element analysis
Authors: Sakamaki Takuma , Watanabe Keiichiro , Iwasa Akihiko , Deguchi Toru , Horiuchi Shinya , Tanaka Eiji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCortical bone thickness is assumed to be a major factor regulating miniscrew stability. We investigated stress distribution in two miniscrews with different thread shapes (type A and B) and in cortical bone of three different thicknesses using three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) models. More specifically, 3D FE models of two different miniscrews were created and placed obliquely or vertically into a cylindrical bone model representing different cortical bone thicknesses. When force was applied to the miniscrew, the stress distribution on the screw surface and in the peri-implant bone was assessed using FE methodology. Miniscrew safety was evaluated using a modified Soderberg safety factor. Screw head displacement increased with a decrease in cortical bone thickness, irrespective of screw type. The smallest minimum principal stresses on the screw surfaces remained constant in type A miniscrews on changes in cortical bone thickness. Minimum principal stresses also appeared on the cortical bone surface. Lower absolute values of minimum principal stresses were seen in type A miniscrews when placed vertically and with upward traction in obliquely placed type B miniscrews. Both miniscrews had acceptable safety factor values. Taken together, orthodontists should select and use the suitable miniscrew for each patient in consideration of bone properties.
LATS kinases and SLUG regulate the transition to advanced stage in aggressive oral cancer cells
Authors: Fujibayashi Emi , Mukai Satomi , Torigata Kosuke , Ando Yumi , Uchihashi Toshihiro , Nozaki Masami , Tanaka Susumu , Okada Masato , Kogo Mikihiko , Nojima Hiroshi , Yabuta Norikazu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process by which cancer cells acquire malignant features. However, the molecular mechanism and functional implications of EMT and the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in tumor progression remain elusive. In this study, we established two aggressive cancer cell lines from the human oral cancer cell line SAS, mesenchymal-like SAS-m4 and epithelial-like SAS-δ. SAS-δ is a revertant cell obtained by inducing MET in SAS-m4. SAS-δ, but not SAS-m4, exhibited abnormal cell growth, including piled-up overgrowth and invasive tumor formation in the tongues of nude mice, suggesting that SAS-δ represented more advanced cancer cells than the parental SAS cells. EMT-related transcriptional factor SLUG is phosphorylated at T208 and partly stabilized by the Hippo pathway kinases, LATS1 and LATS2. Depletion of SLUG promoted the invasive activity of SAS-δ by increasing the protein levels of LATS1/2 and the proportion of the phosphorylated form among total SLUG protein. Our results suggest that the LATS1/2–SLUG axis regulates the transition of SAS cells to the advanced stage via repeated switching between EMT and MET. Therefore, an anti-SLUG-pT208 antibody would be valuable not alone as a malignant tumor marker antibody but also as a prognostic tool for patients with malignant disease.
The P-type pentatricopeptide repeat protein DWEORG1 is a non-previously reported rPPR protein of Arabidopsis mitochondria
Authors: Grüttner Stefanie , Nguyen Tan-Trung , Bruhs Anika , Mireau Hakim , Kempken Frank 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGene expression in plant mitochondria is mainly regulated by nuclear-encoded proteins on a post-transcriptional level. Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins play a major role by participating in mRNA stability, splicing, RNA editing, and translation initiation. PPR proteins were also shown to be part of the mitochondrial ribosome (rPPR proteins), which may act as regulators of gene expression in plants. In this study, we focus on a mitochondrial-located P-type PPR protein—DWEORG1—from Arabidopsis thaliana. Its abundance in mitochondria is high, and it has a similar expression pattern as rPPR proteins. Mutant dweorg1 plants exhibit a slow-growth phenotype. Using ribosome profiling, a decrease in translation efficiency for cox2, rps4, rpl5, and ccmFN2 was observed in dweorg1 mutants, correlating with a reduced accumulation of the Cox2 protein in these plants. In addition, the mitochondrial rRNA levels are significantly reduced in dweorg1 compared with the wild type. DWEORG1 co-migrates with the ribosomal proteins Rps4 and Rpl16 in sucrose gradients, suggesting an association of DWEORG1 with the mitoribosome. Collectively, this data suggests that DWEORG1 encodes a novel rPPR protein that is needed for the translation of cox2, rps4, rpl5, and ccmFN2 and provides a stabilizing function for mitochondrial ribosomes.
TFEB induces mitochondrial itaconate synthesis to suppress bacterial growth in macrophages
Authors: Schuster Ev-Marie , Epple Maximilian W. , Glaser Katharina M. , Mihlan Michael , Lucht Kerstin , Zimmermann Julia A. , Bremser Anna , Polyzou Aikaterini , Obier Nadine , Cabezas-Wallscheid Nina , Trompouki Eirini , Ballabio Andrea , Vogel Jörg , Buescher Joerg M. , Westermann Alexander J. , Rambold Angelika S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSuccessful elimination of bacteria in phagocytes occurs in the phago-lysosomal system, but also depends on mitochondrial pathways. Yet, how these two organelle systems communicate is largely unknown. Here we identify the lysosomal biogenesis factor transcription factor EB (TFEB) as regulator for phago-lysosome-mitochondria crosstalk in macrophages. By combining cellular imaging and metabolic profiling, we find that TFEB activation, in response to bacterial stimuli, promotes the transcription of aconitate decarboxylase (Acod1, Irg1) and synthesis of its product itaconate, a mitochondrial metabolite with antimicrobial activity. Activation of the TFEB–Irg1–itaconate signalling axis reduces the survival of the intravacuolar pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. TFEB-driven itaconate is subsequently transferred via the Irg1-Rab32–BLOC3 system into the Salmonella-containing vacuole, thereby exposing the pathogen to elevated itaconate levels. By activating itaconate production, TFEB selectively restricts proliferating Salmonella, a bacterial subpopulation that normally escapes macrophage control, which contrasts TFEB’s role in autophagy-mediated pathogen degradation. Together, our data define a TFEB-driven metabolic pathway between phago-lysosomes and mitochondria that restrains Salmonella Typhimurium burden in macrophages in vitro and in vivo.
Aprosodia Following Focal Brain Damage: What's Right and What's Left?
Authors: Ukaegbe Onyinyechi C. , Holt Brooke E. , Keator Lynsey M. , Brownell Hiram , Blake Margaret Lehman , Lundgren Kristine 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
Hemispheric specialization for the comprehension and expression of linguistic and emotional prosody is typically attributed to the right hemisphere. This study used techniques adapted from meta-analysis to critically examine the strength of existing evidence for hemispheric lateralization of prosody following brain damage.

Method:

Twenty-one databases were searched for articles published from 1970 to 2020 addressing differences in prosody performance between groups defined by right hemisphere damage and left hemisphere damage. Hedges's
g
effect sizes were calculated for all possible prosody comparisons. Primary analyses summarize effects for four types: linguistic production, linguistic comprehension, emotion comprehension, and emotion production. Within each primary analysis, Hedges's
g
values were averaged across comparisons (usually from a single article) based on the same sample of individuals. Secondary analyses explore more specific classifications of comparisons.

Results:
Out of the 113 articles investigating comprehension and production of emotional and linguistic prosody, 62 were deemed appropriate for data extraction, but only 21 met inclusion criteria, passed quality reviews, and provided sufficient information for analysis. Evidence from this review illustrates the heterogeneity of research methods and results from studies that have investigated aprosodia. This review provides inconsistent support for selective contribution of the two cerebral hemispheres to prosody comprehension and production; however, the strongest finding suggests that right hemisphere lesions disrupt emotional prosody comprehension more than left hemisphere lesions.

Conclusion:
This review highlights the impoverished nature of the existing literature; offers suggestions for future research; and highlights relevant clinical implications for the prognostication, evaluation, and treatment of aprosodia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20334987
Predicting Perceived Vocal Roughness Using a Bio-Inspired Computational Model of Auditory Temporal Envelope Processing
Authors: Park Yeonggwang , Anand Supraja , Ozmeral Erol J. , Shrivastav Rahul , Eddins David A. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
Vocal roughness is often present in many voice disorders but the assessment of roughness mainly depends on the subjective auditory-perceptual evaluation and lacks acoustic correlates. This study aimed to apply the concept of roughness in general sound quality perception to vocal roughness assessment and to characterize the relationship between vocal roughness and temporal envelop fluctuation measures obtained from an auditory model.

Method:
Ten /ɑ/ recordings with a wide range of roughness were selected from an existing database. Ten listeners rated the roughness of the recordings in a single-variable matching task. Temporal envelope fluctuations of the recordings were analyzed with an auditory processing model of amplitude modulation that utilizes a modulation filterbank of different modulation frequencies. Pitch strength and the smoothed cepstral peak prominence were also obtained for comparison.

Results:

Individual simple regression models yielded envelope standard deviation from a modulation filter with a low center frequency (64.3 Hz) as a statistically significant predictor of vocal roughness with a strong coefficient of determination (
r
2
= .80). Pitch strength and CPPS were not significant predictors of roughness.

Conclusion:
This result supports the possible utility of envelope fluctuation measures from an auditory model as objective correlates of vocal roughness.
Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology in Ibero-America: Training, Developments, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Palacios Coello Fabiola , Alcalá Aristimuño Yralis , Pilar Mirely Chois Lenis , Franco Boggio Zaniah , Puig Herreros Clara , Navas Ana Luiza , León Godoy Alexis Mauricio , Moscardi Graciela , Gorman Brenda K. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
International exchange has contributed to the expansion and advancement of the communication sciences and disorders (CSD) professions across the globe including in Ibero-America. This review article presents information about the professions in Ibero-American countries as compiled through reviews of public documents and dialogue at the international virtual roundtable event “Training of Phonoaudiologists in Ibero-America: Challenges and Opportunities,” hosted by faculty from the Universidad de Cuenca (University of Cuenca), Ecuador, in 2020. Faculty attendees represented numerous Ibero-American countries including Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Spain, and Venezuela. This international event facilitated the exchange of information regarding the history, academic training and degrees, professional organizations, research, current challenges, and proposed opportunities to collaborate and shape the future of the professions.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic encouraged this international, virtual exchange, thereby contributing to the current publication, which offers readership increased knowledge and understanding of CSD professions in additional regions of the world.
A D‐band quadrature‐hybrids‐based 5‐bit vector‐modulated phase shifter with low RMS phase error
Authors: Zhang Zhenyi , Yang Maoxuan , Xie Qian , Wang Zheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis letter presents a D‐band 5‐bit vector‐modulated phase shifter based on quadrature hybrids for D‐band phased arrays. The proposed vector‐modulated phase shifter employs two stages of quadrature hybrid followed with a single‐pole double‐throw switch for I/Q phase splitting and vector‐summing. To improve the isolation performance, traveling‐wave single‐pole double‐throw switches together with transistor parallel inductors are adopted. A marchand balun followed with two variable gain amplifiers is placed between the two quadrature hybrids for I/Q amplitude weighting. A proof‐of‐concept vector‐modulated phase shifter is designed and fabricated in 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology and occupies a core chip area of 0.45 mm2. Measurement results show that the RMS phase error is 1.6° at 149 GHz and the RMS gain error is below 2.8 dB over 146–156 GHz. The DC power consumption is 148 mW.
High‐frequency harmonic suppression method for interleaved traction converters based on synchronous sampling
Authors: Gao Jian , Chen Zhibo , Huang Shoudao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh‐frequency resonance in traction power supply systems (TPSSs) is of great concern because of its potential to cause great damage to the safety and stable operation of railroad systems; it has been demonstrated that when a locomotive generates a harmonic current with the resonant frequency of the series impedance on the traction network, a large amount of high‐frequency harmonic voltage is generated. This paper proposes a high‐frequency harmonic suppression method based on synchronous sampled carrier phase‐shift PWM modulation strategy (SSCPS‐PWM), which has the advantage of not only considering the consistency of sampling the analogue signal by multiple controllers, but also further optimising the precise synchronization between multiple converter pulses. This method generates lower high‐frequency harmonic content and is particularly suitable for the field of high‐power, low switching frequency, multi‐controller locomotive traction converters. The proposed method was simulated and compared with the traditional method for the harmonics injected by the locomotive, and a real railway line with a harsh power supply condition was selected and field tests were conducted in four sections by a 7200kW 6‐axle electric locomotive. The test results showed that the proposed method effectively reduced the high‐frequency harmonic current of the locomotive and reduced the high‐frequency resonant overvoltage in the TPSS.