bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transperineal Targeted Microwave Ablation (TMA) of localized prostate cancer guided by MRI-Ultrasound fusion and organ-based tracking: a pilot study
Authors: Chiu Peter Ka-Fung , Chan Chun-Hong , Yee Chi-Hang , Lau Sui-Yan , Teoh Jeremy , Wong Ho-Fai , Lo Ka-Lun , Yuen Tsz-Yau , Hung Hiu-Yee , Cho Carmen Chi-Min , Ng Chi Fai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the efficacy of transperineal targeted microwave ablation (TMA) in treating localized prostate cancer (PCa). MethodsThis is a single-centre prospective phase 2 trial recruiting men with low to intermediate risk localized PCa to undergo transperineal TMA. TMA was performed with MRI-Ultrasound fusion guidance and organ-based tracking. A per-protocol 6-month MRI and biopsy was performed for all patients. The primary outcome was any cancer detected on biopsy of each ablated area. Secondary outcomes included per-patient analysis of positive biopsy, complications, urinary symptom score, erectile function and quality of life (QOL) scores. ResultsIn the first 15 men, 23 areas were being treated. The median age was 70 years, number of TMA ablations were 5 (range 2-8), and the total ablation time and operating time was 22 (IQR 14-28) and 75 (IQR 65-85) minutes, respectively. PSA level dropped from a median of 7.7 to 2.4 ng/mL. For the primary outcome, 91.3% (21/23) ablated area had no cancer in 6-month biopsy. In per-patient analysis, 33.3% (5/15) had in or out-of-field positive biopsy at 6 months. Among these 5 cases, 4 of them were amenable for active surveillance and 1 (6.7%) case with out-of-field ISUP grade group 2 cancer received radiotherapy. The urinary symptoms, uroflowmetry, erectile function, and QOL scores had no significant difference at 6 months. Grade 1 complications including hematuria (33.3%), dysuria (6.7%), and perineal discomfort (13.4%) were observed. ConclusionsIn this first pilot study, transperineal TMA guided by MRI-Ultrasound fusion guidance and organ-based tracking was shown to be effective, safe, and easily applicable in men with localized PCa.
Environmental filling materials based on phosphogypsum powder with municipal solid waste incineration ash
Authors: Yin Longlong , Guo Qing , Wang Xiao , Yuan Jing , Zhang Qian-Feng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A new building filling materials (NBFM) using phosphogypsum and municipal solid waste incineration ash (MSWIA) is prepared in this paper. The effects of MSWIA dosage and MSWIA water washing pretreatment on mechanical properties, setting time, metal leaching, hydration products and microstructure of NBFM are analyzed by a range of experimental studies. The results indicate that the mechanical properties, setting time and the density of micro interface of NBFM are optimal when the MSWIA dosage is 3%. The mechanical properties of NBFM rise and the condensation time and leaching concentration of heavy metals decline after washing the MSWIA. With the increase of the curing age, the metal element leaching of NBFM decreases, and when the curing age is 7d, the solidification effect of NBFM on most metal elements meets the standard of Chinese code (GB5085.3-2007). The feasibility of MSWIA and phosphogypsum as filling materials for building engineering is verified, and the change of macroscopic properties of NBFM is explained as well.
Durable wall lining for malaria control in Liberia: results of a cluster randomized trial
Authors: Giesbrecht David , Belleh Tuwuyor G. , Pontarollo Julie , Koko Victor S. , Pratt Oliver , Kamal Sajid , Allan Richard 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundControl of malaria in Liberia depends on a strategy of universal coverage of the population with pyrethroid-impregnated long-lasting insecticidal nets. Despite regular mass distribution, coverage and usage of long-lasting insecticidal nets is patchy, and pyrethroid resistance in the key malaria vectors may further reduce their efficacy. This study investigates the effectiveness of Durable Wall Lining, a novel material treated with a combination of two non-pyrethroid class insecticides, designed to be installed permanently on the surface of the inner walls, cover openings and ceiling surfaces of rural houses. MethodsA cluster randomized controlled trial of a prototype wall liner impregnated with the insecticides fenpyroximate and abamectin. In 20 experimental clusters, rooms of consenting homeowners received durable, insecticidal wall liners in addition to existing long-lasting insecticidal nets. In 20 control clusters, homeowners used only long-lasting insecticidal nets. Each experimental cluster was paired with a control cluster based on 5 covariates. Plasmodium falciparum prevalence in children 2-59 months was measured by rapid diagnostic tests before durable, insecticidal wall liner installation and again 12, 18 and 24 months later. The pooled risk ratio (RR) of P. falciparum infections was calculated in SAS (Cary, NC, USA) using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel (CMH) test for cluster pairs in each region within Bomi County (upland or coastal). Mosquito mortality was calculated by scoring dead and alive mosquitoes at 24 and 72 hours post exposure to DL samples and adjusting with Abbot’s formula as required.ResultsP. falciparum prevalence in intervention clusters after 12 months was 34.6% compared to 40.1% in control clusters (p=0.052), and this effect varied with elevation. Over the course of the study, malaria prevalence decreased in both study arms. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that durable, insecticidal wall liners is a scalable intervention for control of pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors in locations where high long-lasting insecticidal nets usage is difficult to achieve, especially where local housing design includes large openings at the gables and eves. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02448745. Registered 19 May 2015. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02448745
Assamese Dialect Identification System Using Deep Learning
Authors: Das Hem Chandra , Bhattacharjee Prof.utpal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The goal of a dialect Identification is to label speech in an audio file with dialect labels. This paper presents a method for automatically identifying four Assamese dialects: Central Assamese, Eastern Assamese dialect, Kamrupi dialect, and Goaplari dialect, using Convolution Neu-ral Networks (CNN). In this study, utterances of four major regional dialects of the Assamese language, namely Central Assamese spoken in and around Nagaon district, Eastern Assamese dialect spoken in the Sibsagar and its neighboring districts, Kamrupi dialect spoken in Kam-rup, Nalbari, Barpeta, Kokarajhar and some parts of Bongaigaon district and Goaplari dialect spoken in the Goaplara, Dhuburi and part of Bon-gaigaon district were used. The classifier was trained on audio samples from each of the four dialects that lasted 2 hours. The CNN uses Mel spectrogram images created from two to four seconds divisions of raw audio input with varied audio quality. The performance of the system is also examined as a function of train and test audio sample durations. When compared to machine learning models, the suggested CNN model obtains an accuracy of 90.82 percent, which may be considered the best.
First-in-human use of 11C-CPPC with positron emission tomography for imaging the macrophage colony stimulating factor 1 receptor
Authors: Coughlin Jennifer M. , Du Yong , Lesniak Wojciech G. , Harrington Courtney K. , Brosnan Mary Katherine , O’Toole Riley , Zandi Adeline , Sweeney Shannon Eileen , Abdallah Rehab , Wu Yunkou , Holt Daniel P. , Hall Andrew W. , Dannals Robert F. , Solnes Lilja , Horti Andrew G. , Pomper Martin G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Study of the contribution of microglia to onset and course of several neuropsychiatric conditions is challenged by the fact that these resident immune cells often take on different phenotypes and functions outside the intact living brain. Imaging microglia with radiotracers developed for use with positron emission tomography (PET) allows researchers to study these cells in their native tissue microenvironment. However, many relevant microglial imaging targets such as the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) are also expressed on non-microglial cells, which can complicate the interpretation of PET findings. 11C-CPPC was developed to image the macrophage colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), a target that is expressed largely by microglia relative to other cell types in the intact brain. Our prior work with 11C-CPPC demonstrated its high, specific uptake in brains of rodents and nonhuman primates with neuroinflammation, which supports the current first-in-human evaluation of its pharmacokinetic behavior in the brains of healthy individuals. Methods: Eight healthy nonsmoker adults completed a 90 min dynamic PET scan that began with bolus injection of 11C-CPPC. Arterial blood sampling was collected in order to generate a metabolite-corrected arterial input function. Tissue time-activity curves (TACs) were generated using regions of interest identified from co-registered magnetic resonance imaging data. One- and two-tissue compartmental models (1TCM and 2TCM), as well as Logan graphical analysis were compared. Results: Cortical and subcortical tissue TACs peaked by 37.5 min post-injection of 11C-CPPC, and then declined. The 1TCM was preferred. Total distribution volume (VT) values computed from 1TCM aligned well with those from Logan graphical analysis (t*=30), with VT values relatively high in thalamus, striatum, and most cortical regions, and with relatively lower VT in hippocampus, total white matter, and cerebellar cortex. Conclusion: Our results extend support for the use of 11C-CPPC with PET to study microglia in the human brain.
Subregion-Specific Transcriptomic Profiling of Rat Brain Reveals Sex-Distinct Gene Expression Impacted by Adolescent Stress
Authors: Krolick Kristen N. , Cao Jingyi , Choueiry Fouad , Zhou Ethan Y. , Gulla Evelyn M. , Bhardwaj Meeta , Marshall Samantha J. , Kiss Andor J. , Zhu Jiangjiang , Shi Haifei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Stress during adolescence clearly impacts brain development and function. Sex differences in adolescent stress-induced or exacerbated emotional and metabolic vulnerabilities could be due to sex-distinct gene expression in hypothalamic, limbic and prefrontal brain regions. However, adolescent stress-induced gene expression changes in these key brain regions were unclear. RNA extraction from whole brain regions, instead of discrete nuclei, dilutes gene expression results. In this study, female and male adolescent Sprague Dawley rats received one-hour restraint stress every day from postnatal day (PD) 32 to PD44, their plasma corticosterone levels were measured, and their body weights, food intake and body composition were monitored. On PD44, their brains and blood samples were collected. Circulating levels of adioposity hormones (leptin and insulin) and sex hormones (estradiol and testosterone) were measured. Gene expression in nine subregions was measured using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Differentially expressed (DE) genes were analyzed using bootstrapped receiver operating characteristic (bROC) approach. The results indicated that sex differences in stress-induced DE genes were widespread, being identified in the hypothalamus, limbic system, and prefrontal cortex of adolescent brains. Additionally, this study revealed canonical pathways enriched in stress compared to nonstress rats, which were predictive of well-known sex-distinct maladies in the literature, providing examples of the DE genes likely involved in producing sex-distinct and stress-induced diseases. In summary, findings from this study suggest sex biases in stress-induced transcriptional changes during adolescence, indicating a molecular basis for sex differences witnessed in stress-induced or exacerbated emotional and metabolic disorders throughout life. Future studies are warranted to test the implications of the DE genes identified in this study in sex-distinct stress-induced susceptibilities.
Role of peripheral immune cells in spinal cord injury
Authors: Li Cong , Xiong Wu , Wan Bowen , Kong Guang , Wang Siming , Wang Yingying , Fan Jin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Secondary spinal cord injury is caused by an inflammatory response cascade and the process is irreversible. Immune system, as a mediator in the inflammation, plays an important role in the spinal cord injury. In the physiological state, spinal cord keeps its immune privilege. Hence elucidating the mechanisms how peripheral immune cell recruited to the lesion site and functions after the spinal cord injury is meaningful for exploration for clinical therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of peripheral immune cells in the spinal cord injury.
Alcohol use disorder among healthcare professional students: A structural equation model describing its effect on depression, anxiety, and risky sexual behavior
Authors: Kintu Timothy Mwanje , Kaggwa Mark Mohan , Namagembe Robinah , Muganzi David Jolly , Kihumuro Bernard Raymond , Luyinda Garvin Ssali , Nabwana Brenda Wafana , Moses Muwanguzi , Nnyombi Marvin , Kirega Alex , Kabakyenga Jerome Kahuma , Maling Samuel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Mental health problems such as depression, anxiety and alcohol use disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Among university students, alcohol use and poor mental health are associated with risky sexual behavior. Given the syndemic occurrence of these disorders most especially in young adults, we describe the relationship between them so as to guide and intensify current interventions on reducing their burden in this population. Methods: This was an online cross-sectional study among healthcare professional university students that captured sociodemographic characteristics, risky sexual behavior, alcohol use disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and depression. Structural equation modelling was used to describe the relationship between these variables using RStudio. Results: We enrolled a total of 531 participants of which 11% (37/351) had Alcohol Use Disorder, 33% (117/351) had depressive symptoms and 32% (111/351) had symptoms of anxiety. A model describing the relationship between these variables was found to fit well both descriptively and statistically [χ2 = 44.437, df = 21, p-value = 0.01, CFI = 0.989, TFI = 0.980, RMSEA = 0.056]. All observed variables were found to fit significantly and positively onto their respective latent factors (AUD, anxiety, depression and risky sexual behavior). AUD was found to be a significant predictor of risky sexual behavior (β = 0.381, P < 0.001), depression (β = 0.152, P = 0.004), and anxiety (β = 0.137, P = 0.001). Conclusion: AUD, depression and anxiety are a significant burden in this health professional student population and there’s need to consider screening for anxiety and depression in students reporting with AUD so as to ensure appropriate interventions. A lot of attention and efforts should be focused on the effect of AUD on risky sexual behavior and continued health education is still required even among health professional students.
Case Series: Acupuncture Related Pneumothorax
Authors: Th'ng Francesca , Rao Kailing Adriel , Huang Po Yu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Acupuncture has become a more popular complementary and alternative medicine worldwide. As pneumothorax is a rare acupuncture related adverse event (AE) it is thought to be under-recognised by acupuncturists and emergency physicians, and the public are often not aware of this potential AE resulting in delayed hospital presentation. Aims: (1) To create further awareness and to highlight to acupuncturists and emergency physicians that pneumothorax may not be as rare as previously thought; and (2) to create public awareness about acupuncture-related pneumothorax. Methods: This is a case series of acupuncture-related pneumothoraces diagnosed in an Emergency Department (ED) in Singapore. Data was collected retrospectively from patients’ notes and prospectively from the patients over the phone.Case presentations: Between 2017 and 2021, 4 out of 474 (0.84%) pneumothoraces were acupuncture related. Three of these patients had consented to participate in this study. One patient developed bilateral pneumothorax. All 3 patients claimed that they were not informed by the acupuncturists of potential serious AEs prior to acupuncture treatments, and that they were not aware that such AE could occur. All 3 patients had reported their symptoms of chest pain and/or breathlessness to their acupuncturists post treatment, but they were advised to rest and were not advised to seek urgent medical attention. When the 3 patients had informed their acupuncturists about their diagnosis of pneumothorax, 2 of the acupuncturists did not seem to be aware of this acupuncture related AE. Discussion: When pneumothorax manifests, there is a potential need for an invasive procedure and continuous monitoring as it may devolve into a life-threatening condition with cardiovascular compromise. Early medical recognition and attention is needed to ensure optimal patient outcome. In the appropriate population cohort, history of prior acupuncture treatments should be included as part of history taking assessment in patients presenting with chest pain and/or breathlessness. Conclusion: Emergency physicians should be vigilant of this potential serious and life-threatening complication for anyone presenting with chest discomfort and/or breathlessness after recently undergoing acupuncture to ensure earlier diagnosis and management, and better patient outcome.
TextTriangle: An end-to-end textspotter with piecewise linear alignment
Authors: Xu Hui , Wang Qiu-Feng , Li Zhenghao , Shi Yu , Zhou Xiang-Dong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Scene text detection and recognition has attracted increasing research attention recently, especially for text of arbitrary shapes. In most of text spotting methods, text feature alignment is a key component to connect the detector and recognizer for end-to-end training. Existing alignment methods can be roughly categorized into those based on global consistent transformations and based on character-level classification. However, these methods either are unreliable for heavily deformed text or ignore contextual information in recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel textspotter named TextTriangle, which detects and recognizes text of arbitrary shapes in an end-to-end manner without character-level annotations. In TextTriangle, a text instance is described as a sequence of ordered triangles attached to each other. Based on this representation, a new PiecewiseAlign layer is designed to accurately extract features of the text instance with arbitrary shapes, which is the key to make the framework end-to-end trainable. Compared with the methods based on global consistent transformations, PiecewiseAlign adopts piecewise linear transformation for feature calculation. Experiments show that PiecewiseAlign is superior to TPS-based method in text alignment, and TextTriangle achieves competitive performance on standard scene text benchmarks.
WITHDRAWN: New strategies to boost tumor immunotherapy: deciphering the heterogeneity of tumor immune microenvironment with single-cell sequencing
Authors: Fu Shengqiao , Ji Qian , Tang Haowen , Wang Jinlei , Sheng Wanying , Li Rongkun , Wang Xu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Immunotherapy has brought great benefits to tumor patients. However, due to the relatively low response rate, its further application is limited. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful tool for characterizing transcriptome at the single-cell resolution, and the application of scRNA-seq has revolutionized the knowledge of tumor immune microenvironment heterogeneity. It can accurately measure individual immune cells in the tumor and find fine differences in cell subsets, and offer new candidate which have potential to be therapeutics targets. With the development of scRNA-seq technologies, more immunotherapy targets are being discovered, which may benefit the effectiveness. In this review, we discuss novel therapeutic targets identified by scRNA-seq and their therapeutic value.
Genetic impact of Neopyropia yezoensis cultivation on wild populations: a case study on the typical laver culture areas in China by SSR analysis
Authors: Jia Rujie , Wang Wenjun , Liang Zhourui , Lu Xiaoping , Yao Haiqin , Liu Yi , Li Baoxian , Niu Citong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Neopyropia yezoensis is a typical intertidal seaweed and a major mariculture crops in China. The culture area of N. yezoensis has been largely increasing in the past decade. Whether large-scale cultivation of N. yezoensis has a genetic impact on wild populations remains unknown. Here, eleven polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed and applied for the genetic structure analysis of 22 N. yezoensis populations from along the coast of China. The populations were divided into 4 groups based on the Bayesian model-based structure analysis. A significant genetic structure difference was present between the cultivated populations and the wild ones. The 13 wild populations were divided into two distinct groups, with no obvious correlation between the inter-population genetic variation and geographical distance within each group. The average polymorphism of 9 cultured N. yezoensis populations was higher than that of the wild populations, and the percentage of polymorphic loci of the most cultivated populations was at a high level (P=90.91%). It indicated that the germplasm of cultivated N. yezoensis in China are diversified. The genetic differentiation between the cultivated populations and the wild populations decreased with the increasing cultivation time. But the gene flow between the cultivated populations and the wild ones was asymmetric, exhibiting a trend from wild population to cultured population. The result indicated that even if there is a genetic impact of N. yezoensis aquaculture on wild resource, it is a long-term and slow process. This research provided useful insights for future germplasm resource evaluation and genetic breeding of N. yezoensis.
Tobacco Harm Reduction in Afghanistan: A Recipe for Improving Smokers' Health
Authors: Ahmadi Attaullah , Rahimi Ali , Wardak Mohammad Faisal , Ahmadi Hamid , III Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Almost three million Afghans smoke daily, the majority of whom are teenagers. Smoking is responsible for the deaths of thousands of Afghans every year. The previous Afghan government made significant efforts to control and reduce tobacco use through tobacco cessation policies and strategies. However, these policies were not effective in reducing the number of smokers and smoking-related deaths. Hence, there is a need to introduce and implement novel, realistic, and practical approaches that have been proven effective in smoking abstinence and minimizing tobacco harm. Community-based initiatives in Kabul and Herat have started advocacy campaigns since 2021 and tried to increase people's awareness of the tobacco harm reduction (THR) concept, paving the way for adopting new policies. Implementing these strategies in Afghanistan is likely to face many challenges. The current government’s low priority for tobacco harm reduction research and advocacy, funding issues, unfavorable market conditions for THR products and their high cost-effectiveness, THR product-related misconceptions, and the total prohibition of all tobacco products without any exception in Islam are the significant challenges. These obstacles can be overcome with effective THR policymaking that will promote THR products for smokers, market support and regulation, local and domestic manufacturing with healthcare professional oversight, conducting more engaging advocacy campaigns, and securing domestic sponsors.