bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated temperature mechanical behavior of nano Al2O3 embedded interpenetrating polymer network/glass fiber composites
Authors: Gupta K B. N. V. S. Ganesh , Patnaik Satyaroop , Ray Bankim Chandra , Rai Rajesh Kumar , Prusty Rajesh Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTwo methods of enhancing the mechanical performance of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites, namely the formation of an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of two thermoset polymers (epoxy and vinyl ester) and the addition of nanofillers (nano Al2O3) have been implemented simultaneously. The content of nano Al2O3 (0.1, 0.4, and 0.7 wt% of the polymer matrix) in the glass fiber reinforced epoxy‐vinyl ester IPN (GEVIPN) composite significantly affected its mechanical performance. Incorporation of 0.1 wt% nano Al2O3 in GEVIPN composite exhibited 17.69% and 27.64% improvement in flexural strength and toughness, respectively. Additionally, when the composites were subjected to elevated temperature testing, their mechanical performance was drastically affected. However, the test results revealed that nano Al2O3/GEVIPN composites possessed significantly improved mechanical degradation resistance at elevated temperatures. This new composite material could be utilized as structural materials in the civil, automotive, and marine industries. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis was performed to assess the composites' thermomechanical behavior. Fractography analysis of tested samples revealed the underlying phenomena, which dictate the mechanical performance at each testing temperature. A constitutive deformation model assessed the reliability of this new material at ambient and elevated test temperatures.
Fabrication strategy for long‐chain branched polypropylene foams with high resilience and compressive strength
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Wang Yaqiao , Wang Xiangdong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA flexible and controllable is proposed for fabricating long‐chain branched polypropylene (LCBPP) foams with high resilience and strength. LCBPP was blended with thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) using polyethylene octene elastomer grafted glycidyl methacrylate (POE‐g‐GMA) as a compatibilizer at different mass ratios, and the blends were then used to prepare foams at different temperatures by the supercritical CO2 batch foaming method. The foams were then tested for their compressive permanent strain and compressive strength. The results showed that introducing TPEE and POE‐g‐GMA increased the resilience. In particular, the permanent strain of the LCBPP/TPEE/POE‐g‐GMA foam at a ratio of 90/10/7 decreased from an initial 14.5% for the original LCBPP foam to 5% after five compression cycles. However, the compressive strength decreased from 65.59 to 39.82 kPa. Therefore, the foam density (ρ) and cell size (d) were adjusted to balance the resilience and strength. Increasing ρ/d from 0.32 to 3.10 increased the compressive strength significantly from 39.82 to 91.67 kPa while the permanent strain only increased 3.5%. Thus, the proposed strategy realized LCBPP foams with high resilience and compressive strength.
Microfluidic single‐cell scale‐down bioreactors: A proof‐of‐concept for the growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum at oscillating pH values
Authors: Täuber Sarah , Blöbaum Luisa , Steier Valentin , Oldiges Marco , Grünberger Alexander 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn large‐scale bioreactors, gradients in cultivation parameters such as oxygen, substrate, and pH result in fluctuating cell environments. pH fluctuations were identified as a critical parameter for bioprocess performance. Traditionally, scale‐down systems at the laboratory scale are used to analyze the effects of fluctuating pH values on strains and thus process performance. Here, we demonstrate the application of dynamic microfluidic single‐cell cultivation (dMSCC) as a novel scale‐down system for the characterization of Corynebacterium glutamicum growth using oscillating pH conditions as a model stress factor. A detailed comparison between two‐compartment reactor (two‐CR) scale‐down experiments and dMSCC was performed for one specific pH oscillation between reference pH 7 (~8 min) and disturbed pH 6 (~2 min). Similar reductions in growth rates were observed in both systems (dMSCC 21% and two‐CR 27%) compared to undisturbed cultivation at pH 7. Afterward, systematic experiments at symmetric and asymmetric pH oscillations, between pH ranges of 4–6 and 8–11 and different intervals from 1 to 20 min, were performed to demonstrate the unique application range and throughput of the dMSCC system. Finally, the strength of the dMSCC application was demonstrated by mimicking fluctuating environmental conditions of a putative large‐scale bioprocess, which is difficult to conduct using two‐CRs.
High‐performance virtual globe GPU terrain rendering using game engine
Authors: Masood Zafar , Jiangbin Zheng , Irfan Muhammad , Ahmad Idrees 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVirtual globes render planetary‐scale terrain and have limited support for 3D applications development. Game engines provide development environment for interactive 3D applications development and have limited support for world‐scale terrain rendering. The game engine based terrain rendering methods lacks hardware based tessellation for high‐performance. This work presents a novel method for a high‐performance large‐scale terrain rendering for high‐fidelity display systems using game engine. The proposed method performs patch‐based hierarchical culling of a multi‐resolution terrain model to reduce rendering load. A view‐based algorithm simplifies the patches with error control on GPU. Simplified patches are efficiently submitted for drawing using indirect mesh instancing feature of game engine. The proposed method utilizes hardware tessellation feature for high‐performance model tessellation and accurate earth's surface construction using displacement mapping. The proposed method is evaluated by rendering scenes for high‐quality output on consumer‐level hardware. Flights are performed with various settings and results are compared with clipmap‐based and state‐of‐the‐art hardware tessellation based adaptive methods. The proposed method achieved 750, 575, and 540 frames‐per‐second for HD, full‐HD, and ultra‐HD display resolutions.
Cucumis melo var. momordica as a Potent Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Possible Anticovid Alternative: Investigation through Experimental and Computational Methods
Authors: Yadav Jagat Pal , Grishina Maria , Shahbaaz Mohd , Mukerjee Alok , Singh Sunil Kumar , Pathak Prateek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a typical life threatening of disease, which generate due to the dysfunction of β cells of pancreas. In 2014, WHO stated that 422 million people were infected with DM. The current pattern of management of diabetes included synthetic or plant based oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin but drug resentence is become a very big issues in antidiabetic therapy. Thus, it's very earnest to discover now medication for this disease. Now the days, it is well acknowledged that diabetic patients are more prone towards covid and related complications. Thus, medical practitioners reformed the methodology of prescribing medication for covid infected antidiabetic therapy and encouraging the medication contains dual pharmacological properties. It is also well know that polyphenols specifically hold a significant role in oxidative stress and reduced the severity of many inflammatory diseases. Cucumis melo has rich history as ethano‐pharmacological use in Indian subcontinent. The fruit and seed are well‐known for the treatment of various diseases due to the presence of phenolics. Therefore, in this study, the combined mixture of flower and seeds were used for the extraction of polyphenolic rich extract and tested for antidiabetic activity through the antioxidant and in vivo experiments. The antioxidant potential measurement exhibited that the selected plant extract has the significant competence to down‐regulate oxidative stress (DPPH scavenging IC50 at 60.7±1.05 μg/mL, ABTS IC50 at 62.15±0.50 μg/mL). Furthermore, the major polyphenolic phyto‐compounds derived from the Cucumis melo were used for in silico anticovid activity, docking, and complementarity studies. The anticovid activity prognosis reflected that selected phyto‐compounds amentoflavone and vanillic acid have optimal possibility to interact with 3C‐like protease and through this moderate anticovid activity can be exhibit. The docking experiments established that the selected compounds have propensity to interact with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, 11β‐Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase β‐glucuronidase receptor. In vivo experiments showed that 500 mg/kg, Cucumis melo extract ominously amplified body weight, plasma insulin, high‐density lipoprotein levels, and biochemical markers. Furthermore, extract significantly downregulate the blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein, and very low‐density lipoprotein.
Small intestinal bleeding and stricture caused by Meckel's diverticulum
Authors: Nakatani Shinya , Inoki Kazuya , Tashiro Tomoe , Yamaguchi Sayaka , Gocho Toshihiko , Yanagisawa Fumito , Konda Kenichi , Tojo Masayuki , Kubota Yutaro , Katagiri Atsushi , Yamamura Fuyuhiko , Takeuchi Yoshiaki , Tate Genshu , Komoto Masahiro , Yamazaki Kimiyasu , Murakami Masahiko , Yoshida Hitoshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA 44‐year‐old man presented to our hospital with lower gastrointestinal bleeding. We performed balloon‐assisted enteroscopy, which revealed diverticulum and stricture at the ileum. The patient underwent segmental small bowel resection and diagnosed with Meckel's diverticulum. We should keep in mind the possibility of intestinal stricture due to Meckel's diverticulum.
Catalytic Diversification of gem‐Difluorocyclopropanes: Recent Advances and Challenges
Authors: Lv Leiyang , Qian Huijun , Li Zhiping 
Published: August 2022

Abstractgem‐Difluorocyclopropanes (F2CPs) have aroused considerable attention not only from the structural perspective but also due to their ability to participate in various valuable transformations. This Review summarizes advances in catalytic ring‐opening reactions of gem‐F2CPs, especially emphasizing the reactivities and applications of those non‐activated ones under transition‐metal catalysis. Their achievements, synthetic applications and limitations are discussed with the aim to stimulate enthusiasm for further development.
Low‐tar, highly burnable gas production from the gasification of pelletized palm empty fruit bunch
Authors: Malek Nur Hanina , Alias Rusmi , Syed‐Hassan Syed Shatir A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGasification is an attractive method to convert lignocellulosic biomass into a combustible gas mixture for electricity and power generation. To control the tar concentration in the produced gas to be within the allowable limit of downstream applications, it is important for a gasification system to be integrated with a tar removal process. In this study, an integrated gasification system consisting of a downdraft gasifier and a secondary catalytic tar‐cracking reactor was designed and tested for the gasification of pelletized oil palm empty fruit bunch. To further purify the producer gas, the system was also integrated with a cyclone, a water scrubber, and a carbon‐bed filter. Biomass was fed at a rate of 5 kg/h, while the air equivalence ratio (ER) and the gasification temperature were set at 0.1 and 800°C, respectively. In total, 5 kg of the specially developed low‐cost Fe/activated carbons (AC) catalyst was used in the hot gas catalytic tar‐cracking reactor. Results indicate that our integrated gasification system was able to produce a clean burnable gas with a lower heating value (LHV) of 9.05 MJ/Nm3, carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) of 79.4%, cold gas efficiency (CGE) of 89.9%, and H2 and CH4 concentrations of 29.5% and 10.3%, respectively. The final outlet gas was found to only contain 32.5 mg/Nm3 of tar, thus making it suitable for internal combustion engine (ICE) application.
The First Class of Small Molecules Potently Disrupting the YAP‐TEAD Interaction by Direct Competition
Authors: Furet Pascal , Bordas Vincent , Le Douget Mickaël , Salem Bahaa , Mesrouze Yannick , Imbach‐Weese Patricia , Sellner Holger , Voegtle Markus , Soldermann Nicolas , Chapeau Emilie , Wartmann Markus , Scheufler Clemens , Fernandez Cesar , Kallen Joerg , Guagnano Vito , Chène Patrick , Schmelzle Tobias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInhibition of the YAP‐TEAD protein‐protein interaction is an attractive therapeutic concept under intense investigation with the objective to treat cancers associated with a dysregulation of the Hippo pathway. However, owing to the very extended surface of interaction of the two proteins, the identification of small drug‐like molecules able to efficiently prevent YAP from binding to TEAD by direct competition has been elusive so far. We disclose here the discovery of the first class of small molecules potently inhibiting the YAP‐TEAD interaction by binding at one of the main interaction sites of YAP at the surface of TEAD. These inhibitors, providing a path forward to pharmacological intervention in the Hippo pathway, evolved from a weakly active virtual screening hit advanced to high potency by structure‐based design.
Growth Mechanism of Chromium Carbide Coating on Porous Carbon Paper
Authors: Zhang Wenjiao , Wu Jiajie , Wang Yanli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, Cr7C3 coating is prepared on porous carbon paper by the disproportionation reaction of Cr2+ in NaCl–KCl molten salt at 800–900 °C for 40–80 min. Effects of the molar ratio of chromium powders, temperature, and reaction time are investigated. The composition and microstructure of the coating are characterized by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the growth mechanism of Cr7C3 coating from the perspective of thermodynamics and kinetics is discussed.
Projected bioclimatic distributions in Nearctic Bovidae signal the potential for reduced overlap with protected areas
Authors: John Christian , Post Eric 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAssumptions about factors such as climate in shaping species' realized and potential distributions underlie much of conservation planning and wildlife management. Climate and climatic change lead to shifts in species distributions through both direct and indirect ecological pressures. Distributional shifts may be particularly important if range overlap is altered between interacting species, or between species and protected areas. The cattle family (Bovidae) represents a culturally, economically, and ecologically important taxon that occupies many of the world's rangelands. In contemporary North America, five wild bovid species inhabit deserts, prairies, mountains, and tundra from Mexico to Greenland. Here, we aim to understand how future climate change will modify environmental characteristics associated with North American bovid species relative to the distribution of extant protected areas. We fit species distribution models for each species to climate, topography, and land cover data using observations from a citizen science dataset. We then projected modeled distributions to the end of the 21st century for each bovid species under two scenarios of anticipated climate change. Modeling results suggest that suitable habitat will shift inconsistently across species and that such shifts will lead to species‐specific variation in overlap between potential habitat and existing protected areas. Furthermore, projected overlap with protected areas was sensitive to the warming scenario under consideration, with diminished realized protected area under greater warming. Conservation priorities and designation of new protected areas should account for ecological consequences of climate change.
Evaluating the summer landscapes of predation risk and forage quality for elk (Cervus canadensis)
Authors: Paterson John Terrill , Proffitt Kelly M. , DeCesare Nicholas J. , Gude Justin A. , Hebblewhite Mark 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe recovery of carnivore populations in North American has consequences for trophic interactions and population dynamics of prey. In addition to direct effects on prey populations through killing, predators can influence prey behavior by imposing the risk of predation. The mechanisms through which patterns of space use by predators are linked to behavioral response by prey and nonconsumptive effects on prey population dynamics are poorly understood. Our goal was to characterize population‐ and individual‐level patterns of resource selection by elk (Cervus canadensis) in response to risk of wolves (Canis lupus) and mountain lions (Puma concolor) and evaluate potential nonconsumptive effects of these behavioral patterns. We tested the hypothesis that individual elk risk‐avoidance behavior during summer would result in exposure to lower‐quality forage and reduced body fat and pregnancy rates. First, we evaluated individuals' second‐order and third‐order resource selection with a used‐available sampling design. At the population level, we found evidence for a positive relationship between second‐ and third‐order selection and forage, and an interaction between forage quality and mountain lion risk such that the relative probability of use at low mountain lion risk increased with forage quality but decreased at high risk at both orders of selection. We found no evidence of a population‐level trade‐off between forage quality and wolf risk. However, we found substantial among‐individual heterogeneity in resource selection patterns such that population‐level patterns were potentially misleading. We found no evidence that the diversity of individual resource selection patterns varied predictably with available resources, or that patterns of individual risk‐related resource selection translated into biologically meaningful changes in body fat or pregnancy rates. Our work highlights the importance of evaluating individual responses to predation risk and predator hunting technique when assessing responses to predators and suggests nonconsumptive effects are not operating at a population scale in this system.
Incremental prognostic value of left atrial strain in patients with heart failure
Authors: Bo Kairui , Gao Yifeng , Zhou Zhen , Gao Xuelian , Liu Tong , Zhang Hongkai , Li Qing , Wang Hui , Xu Lei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThe present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of atrial strain and strain rate (SR) parameters derived from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) feature tracking (FT) in patients with ischaemic and non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but without atrial fibrillation.Methods and resultsA total of 300 patients who underwent CMR with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40% and ischaemic or non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy were analysed in this retrospective study. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) include cardiovascular death, heart transplantation, and rehospitalization for worsening HF. Ninety‐four patients had MACEs during median follow‐up of 3.84 years. Multivariate Cox regression models adjusted for common clinical and CMR risk factors detected a significant association between LA‐εs and MACE in ischaemic (HR = 0.94/%; P = 0.002), non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (HR = 0.88/%; P = 0.001), or all included patients (HR = 0.87; P < 0.001). LA‐εs provided incremental prognostic value over conventional outcome predictors (Uno C statistical comparison model: from 0.776 to 0.801, P < 0.0001; net reclassification improvement: 0.075, 95% CI: 0.0262–0.1301). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the risk of MACE occurrence increased significantly with lower tertiles of left atrial reservoir strain (LA‐εs) (log‐rank P < 0.0001). Patients in the worst LA‐εs tertile faced a significantly increased risk of MACEs irrespective of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) (log‐rank P < 0.0001).ConclusionsLA‐εs derived from CMR FT has a significant prognostic impact on patients with ischaemic or non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy, incremental to common clinical and CMR risk‐factors.
A systematic review: Solutions to problems caused by age transition between eating disorder services
Authors: Wade Tracey D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review examines age transition issues specific to young people with eating disorders, including the extent of, and reasons for, problematic transition. Suggested solutions are examined, with focus on age‐integrated services.MethodPsycINFO, Medline and SCOPUS databases were searched on 4 April, 2022 using two inclusion criteria: (1) a peer‐reviewed journal article in English, (2) focus on service transition caused by moving from childhood to adulthood for people with eating disorders. A narrative integration of the content was used.ResultsOf the 17 non‐overlapping studies located in the review, 6 involved quantitative data. Problematic transition between age‐based services was indicated, where a substantial minority of young people who still require help lose contact with speciality services. A variety of reasons for this problematic transition were identified, including differing and sometimes adversarial cultures between age‐based services. While a variety of solutions have been suggested, the least explored was the development of age integrated services; only 3 papers focussed primarily on this.ConclusionThe consideration of the advantages of integration and the similarities between age‐based services suggested that these potentially outweigh the barriers to integration. An implementation science research agenda is required to test this hypothesis.
Out‐of‐Pocket expenditure and patient experience of care under‐Indonesia's national health insurance: A cross‐sectional facility‐based study in six provinces
Authors: Couturier Viktoria , Srivastava Swati , Hidayat Budi , De Allegri Manuela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundLow‐ and middle‐income countries worldwide are striving to achieve universal health coverage (UHC), frequently through expansion of statutory health insurance schemes. However, oftentimes evidence is lacking on progress towards quality patient‐centred care and out‐of‐pocket expenditure (OOPE), particularly for poor population groups. We contribute patient‐centred evidence examining patient experience and OOPE under JKN, the Indonesian social health insurance.MethodsUsing data from 2526 patient exit interviews conducted among JKN beneficiaries in 2015, we computed a summative patient experience measure from 14 experience items. We used descriptive statistics to assess patient experience and the probability, amount and components of OOPE. We applied a two‐part model to examine the relationships between socio‐demographics, facility types, and OOPE and an OLS regression on patient experience determinants.ResultsThe mean patient experience measure was 11.7 out of 14 maximal points. Differences were observed between single items, with highest ratings on ease of understanding providers' language (97%) and lowest on waiting time (54%).OOPE were reported by 20% of patients with a mean equivalent to US$40, the most prevalent reason being medicines (61% of all OOPE). Considerable OOPE heterogeneity occurred by province and facility type. We found differentials in OOPE by gender (females paying more likely, but less) and subsidised JKN membership (same likelihood as non‐subsidised, but paying less).ConclusionOur findings suggest that during its early implementation, patients under JKN reported mostly positive patient experience yet a fifth incurred OOPE, mostly on medicines. Further patient‐centred research is needed to ensure JKN's progress towards UHC.