bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of pharmaceutical pictogram comprehension among adults in the Philippines
Authors: Gutierrez Margarita M. , Patikorn Chanthawat , Anantachoti Puree 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of pharmaceutical pictograms to enhance patients’ understanding of drug regimens has been proven effective in many countries. There are two reference systems for pictograms generally used in pharmacy: the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and International Pharmacy Federation (FIP). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of USP and FIP pictograms among adults in the Philippines by identifying how many pictograms would pass the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) criterion of 85% comprehension, and to describe the factors affecting pictograms’ comprehension.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional research using a face-to-face interview was performed to evaluate 108 pictograms in 52 Filipino adults enrolled through quota sampling. Descriptive statistics, Mann–WhitneyUtest (Wilcoxon rank-sum test), univariate linear regression, and multiple linear regression were used to statistically analyze the data collected.ResultsOnly 17 (16 USP and 1 FIP) out of the 108 pictograms (15.74%) passed the ANSI criterion. The median score of Filipinos was 71 out of 108 pictograms (Interquartile range: 10–96). The multivariate model (R2 = 0.5645,F(4,47) = 15.23) suggested that the score was lower by 5.85 points if the user was female, 21.58 points lower if the participant was below Grade 12 education level, and 1.20 points lower if the patient was greater than 46 years old. Education level was identified as the significant predictor (p-value < 0.0000*, power = 99.98%). The participant with greater than Grade 12 has a higher comprehension score of rank-sum 952.5 (Expected = 689) compared to only 425.5 (Expected = 689).ConclusionsSince only 17 pictograms passed as stand-alone tool for patient information material, the researchers recommend the use of verbal and written instructions to complement pictograms to enhance comprehension. Furthermore, the government should consider the inclusion of health pictograms in basic health education.
A comparison of multi-ligament reconstruction and isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at one year follow-up: results from the Danish Knee Ligament Reconstruction Registry
Authors: Nielsen Torsten Grønbech , Sørensen Ole Gade , Lind Martin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The Danish Knee Ligament Reconstruction Registry (DKRR) has monitored the outcomes of surgeries for multi-ligament knee injuries (MLKI) since 2005. This study aimed to compare the subjective clinical outcomes of patients who had undergone surgery after MLKI with those of patients who had received isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Materials and methods
This study used patient-reported outcome scores at 1-year follow-up as the primary outcome and contains the outcome data of knee ligament surgeries retrieved from the DKRR. Clinical subjective outcomes and knee function were evaluated with Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) and Tegner Activity Scale (Tegner) scores. Demographic differences were examined using the Student’s t-test and the chi-square test. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the data and adjust for potentially confounding factors. P-values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

Results
A total of 31,686 knee ligament surgeries were registered in the DKRR between 2005 and 2017, resulting in 1,160 multi-ligament patients and 28,843 isolated ACL patients. The mean age of the MLKI group was significantly higher than that of the isolated ACL group (33.2 years [95% CI 32.5–33.9] vs. 28.3 years [95% CI 28.1–28.4]).
The adjusted KOOS Sport and Quality of Life (QoL) sub-scores and Tegner scores of the MLKI group significantly improved from the baseline to the 1-year follow-up (16.7 points [95%CI 12.8;20.6], 12.6 points [95%CI 9.6;15.6] and 1.76 points [95%CI 1.43;2.08], respectively). The KOOS Sport and QoL sub-scores of the isolated ACL group were significant and increased more than those of the MLKI group. No differences in the Tegner scores were observed.

Conclusions
Surgical reconstruction after multi-ligament knee injury resulted in significant subjective outcome improvements at 1- year follow-up. The KOOS Sport and QoL sub-scores of the isolated ACL group significantly increased compared to those of the MLKI group.
An experimental test of chronic traffic noise exposure on parental behaviour and reproduction in zebra finches
Authors: Liu Quanxiao , Gelok Esther , Fontein Kiki , Slabbekoorn Hans , Riebel Katharina 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Chronic traffic noise is increasingly recognised as a potential hazard to wildlife. Several songbird species have been shown to breed poorly in traffic noise exposed habitats. However, identifying whether noise is causal in this requires experimental approaches. We tested whether experimental exposure to chronic traffic noise affected parental behaviour and reproductive success in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). In a counterbalanced repeated-measures design, breeding pairs were exposed to continuous playback of one of two types of highway noise previously shown to be either neutral (control) or aversive. Parental nest attendance positively correlated with feeding effort and was higher for the aversive than the control sound and this effect was more pronounced for parents attending larger broods. However, neither noise condition affected offspring number, growth or body mass. The absence of an effect held when we combined our data with data from two other comparable studies into a meta-analysis. We discuss whether the increased nest attendance could be a compensatory strategy that alleviated detrimental noise effects on the chicks, and whether it could be caused by impaired parent-offspring or within-pair communication. Future work should test these hypotheses and investigate potential long-term costs of increased parental engagement.
Jagged 2b induces intercellular signaling within somites to establish hematopoietic stem cell fate in zebrafish
Authors: Wada Yukino , Tsukatani Hikaru , Kuroda Chihiro , Miyazaki Yurika , Otoshi Miku , Kobayashi Isao 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
During development, the somites play a key role in the specification of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In zebrafish, the somitic Notch ligands Delta-c (Dlc) and Dld, both of which are regulated by Wnt16, directly instruct HSC fate in a shared vascular precursor. However, it remains unclear how this signaling cascade is spatially and temporally regulated within somites. Here, we show in zebrafish that an additional somitic Notch ligand, Jagged 2b (Jag2b), induces intercellular signaling to drive wnt16 expression. Jag2b activated Notch signaling in segmented somites at the early stage of somitogenesis. Loss of jag2b led to a reduction in the expression of wnt16 in the somites and an HSC marker, runx1, in the dorsal aorta, whereas overexpression of jag2b increased both. However, Notch-activated cells were adjacent to, but did not overlap with, wnt16-expressing cells within the somites, suggesting that an additional signaling molecule mediates this intercellular signal transduction. We uncover that Jag2b-driven Notch signaling induces efna1b expression, which regulates wnt16 expression in neighboring somitic cells. Collectively, we provide evidence for previously unidentified spatiotemporal regulatory mechanisms of HSC specification by somites.
Total Synthesis of Lyconesidine B: Approach to a Three-Dimensional Tetracyclic Skeleton of Amine-Type Fawcettimine Core and Studies of Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Kurose Tomohiro , Itoga Moeko , Nanjo Takeshi , Takemoto Yoshiji , Tsukano Chihiro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLyconesidine B, isolated from Lycopodium chinense, is characterized by an oxygenated amine core and a trans-fused CD ring with a hydroxymethyl group on the axial position. Because the oxidation level of C13 of this alkaloid is different from other fawcettimine-type alkaloids, we investigated a suitable strategy for its synthesis. As a result, we established a synthetic route to the CD ring decahydroquinoline via cyclopropanation followed by ring-opening and reduction, and the AB ring tetracyclic core by ene-yne metathesis. In the ene-yne metathesis, the use of a quaternary ammonium salt solved the issues of the conformation of the substrate as well as the deactivation of the catalyst. The first total synthesis was achieved by stereoselective derivatization of the tetracyclic skeleton. In addition, we investigated the asymmetric cyclopropanation, which introduces an initial chiral center and was found to be effective for a Ru catalyst with vinyloxazoline-type ligands.
Manifestations of the pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally related with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS) in the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, nervous and respiratory systems.
Authors: Brzyska Anna , Bogucka Julia , Bojarska Małgorzata , Domańska Natalia 
Published: April 2022

Wprowadzenie i cel pracy: Przebieg wieloukładowego zespołu zapalnego związanego z SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS) nie jest do końca poznany. W większości przypadków powikłania są na tyle poważne, że pacjenci wymagają hospitalizacji. Celem pracy jest omówienie najczęściej występujących objawów w przebiegu PIMS w poszczególnych układach.
Materiał i metoda: W marcu 2022 roku została przeszukana baza danych Medline (Pubmed) przy użyciu słów kluczowych: PIMS symptoms, MIS-C manifestations, hyperinflammation, post-COVID. Wybrane zostały prace w języku angielskim i polskim, opublikowane w latach 2020-2022.
Opis stanu wiedzy: Badania pokazują, że najczęściej, zaraz po gorące, występują dolegliwości ze strony układu pokarmowego. Najpoważniejsze powikłania odnotowano jednak w układzie sercowo-naczyniowym. Szacuje się, że nawet u połowy pacjentów dochodzi do niewydolności lewokomorowej lub wstrząsu, a u jednej czwartej mogą rozwinąć się tętniaki tętnic wieńcowych. Duży odsetek chorych z rozpoznanym PIMS manifestuje również objawy ze strony układu nerwowego. Poza objawami podmiotowymi opisywano również zmiany organiczne mózgu. W przeciwieństwie do choroby COVID-19 powikłania w układzie oddechowym występują rzadko. Niewydolność oddechowa, jeżeli występuje, najczęściej rozwija się wtórnie do niewydolności układu krążenia.
Podsumowanie: Dotychczasowe doniesienia pozwalają stwierdzić, że PIMS jest rzadką, aczkolwiek poważną chorobą dotykającą dzieci najczęściej w wieku szkolnym. Objawy występujące w jej przebiegu nie są swoiste i mogą być różne u każdego pacjenta. Rozpoznanie choroby jest trudne, dlatego opracowano kryteria obejmujące najczęściej występujące objawy, a także powiązanie z ekspozycja na wirusa SARS-CoV-2.
Słowa klucz: PIMS symptoms; MIS-C manifestations; hyperinflammation; post-COVID
Improving Match Rates in Dating Markets Through Assortment Optimization
Authors: Rios Ignacio , Saban Daniela , Zheng Fanyin 
Published: April 2022

Problem definition: Motivated by our collaboration with an online dating company, we study how a platform should dynamically select the set of potential partners to show to each user in each period in order to maximize the expected number of matches in a time horizon, where a match is formed only after two users like each other, possibly in different periods. Academic/practical relevance: Increasing match rates is a prevalent objective of online platforms. We provide insights into how to leverage users’ preferences and behavior toward this end. Our proposed algorithm was piloted by our collaborator, a major online dating company in the United States. Methodology: Our work combines several methodologies. We model the platform’s problem as a dynamic optimization problem. We use econometric tools and exploit a change in the company’s algorithm in order to estimate the users’ preferences and the causal effect of previous matches on the like behavior of users, as well as other parameters of interest. Leveraging our data findings, we propose a family of heuristics to solve the platform’s problem and use simulations and field experiments to assess their benefits. Results: We find that the number of matches obtained in the recent past has a negative effect on the like behavior of users. We propose a family of heuristics to decide the profiles to show to each user on each day that accounts for this finding. Two field experiments show that our algorithm yields at least 27% more matches relative to our industry partner’s algorithm. Managerial implications: Our results highlight the importance of correctly accounting for the preferences, behavior, and activity metrics of users on both ends of a transaction to improve the operational efficiency of matching platforms. In addition, we propose a novel identification strategy to measure the effect of previous matches on the users’ preferences in a two-sided matching market, the result of which is leveraged by our algorithm. Our methodology may also be applied to online matching platforms in other domains. History: This paper has been accepted as part of the 2021 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Practice-Based Research Competition. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1107 .
Clinical outcome in total hip arthroplasty for septic sequelae in childhood
Authors: Malhotra Rajesh , Batra Sahil , Sugumar PonAravindhan A. , Gautam Deepak 
Published: April 2022

Aims Adult patients with history of childhood infection pose a surgical challenge for total hip arthroplasty (THA) due to distorted bony anatomy, soft-tissue contractures, risk of reinfection, and relatively younger age. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine clinical outcome, reinfection rate, and complications in patients with septic sequelae after THA. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of 91 cementless THAs (57 male and 34 female) performed between 2008 and 2017 in patients who had history of hip infection during childhood. Clinical outcome was measured using Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Modified Merle d’Aubigne and Postel (MAP) score, and quality of life (QOL) using 12-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-12) components: Physical Component Score (PCS) and Mental Component Score (MCS); limb length discrepancy (LLD) and radiological assessment of the prosthesis was performed at the latest follow-up. Reinfection and revision surgery after THA for any reason was documented. Results There was significant improvement in HHS, Modified Merle d’Aubigne Postel hip score, and QOL index SF 12-PCS and MCS (p < 0.001) and there was no case of reinfection reported during the follow-up. The minimum follow-up for the study was three years with a mean of 6.5 (SD 2.3; 3 to 12). LLD decreased from a mean of 3.3 cm (SD 1) to 0.9 cm (SD 0.8) during follow-up. One patient required revision surgery for femoral component loosening. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis estimated revision-free survivorship of 100% at the end of five years and 96.9% (95% confidence interval 79.8 to 99.6) at the end of ten years. Conclusion We found that cementless THA results in good to excellent functional outcomes in patients with a prior history of childhood infection. There is an exceedingly low rate of risk of reinfection in these patients, even though complications are not uncommon. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(4):314–320.
Proyecto de especificidad curricular para trastornos en el espectro autista: una experiencia en Latinoamérica
Authors: Granana Nora , Salas Pamela , Vidal Lucila , Campanella Silvia , Valdez Daniel 
Published: April 2022

Los niños con trastornos en el espectro autista (TEA), necesitan una enseñanza explícita, declarativa, por sus modos diferentes de procesar la información. El objetivo del proyecto fue desarrollar un programa educativo individualizado para alumnos con autismo, capacitar para la especialización teórico-practica a los docentes involucrados en equipos de toda una provincia y establecer un sistema de evaluación de contenidos tanto para los alumnos como para la especificidad en la formación docente. METODOS: Se estableció una comisión curricular para el desarrollo del programa de enseñanza, un curso teórico semanal y una supervisión en servicio práctica, de frecuencia mensual de los equipos docentes de toda la provincia. Se completó con un diseño de boletín de calificaciones para los alumnos, de los contenidos del currículum específico. Para los docentes y equipos técnicos, se valoró con un examen final y encuestas, sobre los aprendizajes recibidos. RESULTADOS: Fue posible aplicar la especificidad curricular en el proceso de inclusión educativa en los alumnos a lo largo de un año. Los docentes aprobaron en su totalidad el curso de capacitación y se obtuvieron las encuestas de satisfacción favorables a los aprendizajes incorporados en relación a la especialización curricular. Fue posible el cambio conceptual en los profesionales, en relación a la especificidad del aprendizaje de los alumnos con TEA.
Memorias del futuro: la externalización fronteriza de la Unión Europea hacia Cabo Verde en el aura de la descolonización
Authors: Kramsch Olivier 
Published: April 2022

Gran parte de la literatura existente sobre la externalización de las fronteras externas de la Unión Europea presupone la UE como actor exclusivo. Aquella posición invisibiliza las formas en que países receptores han externalizado sus fronteras por su propia cuenta, sobretodo en el momento crucial de la descolonización. Después de recorrer la literatura actual sobre la externalización de las fronteras de la UE, analizamos cómo los movimientos independentistas caboverdeanos de los años 1960s y 1970s intentaron articular una orientación no-nacional hacía la soberanía por medio de luchas internacionales intensas a lo largo del imperio portugues y el mundo socialista. El artículo sugiere que el legado anti-colonial y globalmente diaspórico de Cabo Verde sigue generando un aura poscolonial que planea pesadamente sobre los esfuerzos administrativos actuales de la UE en gobernar su frontera externa en y alrededor de las islas. Se propone que el género más apropiado para captar el futuro fronterizo de las islas caboverdeanas es el de la ciencia-ficción utópica.
Incidence of lab-confirmed dengue fever in a pediatric cohort in Delhi, India
Authors: Sinha Bireshwar , Goyal Nidhi , Kumar Mohan , Choudhary Aashish , Arya Alok , Revi Anitha , Dutta Ankita , More Deepak , Rongsen-Chandola Temsunaro 
Published: April 2022

Background
Our aim was to estimate the overall and age-specific incidence of lab-confirmed dengue fever using ELISA based assays among children 6 months to 15 years in Delhi.

Methods
We enrolled a cohort of 984 children aged 6 months to <14 years in South Delhi and followed-up weekly for fever for 24 months or till 15 completed years of child-age. Households of the enrolled children were geo-tagged. NS1, IgM and IgG assays were conducted using ELISA method to confirm dengue fever in children with ≥3 consecutive days of fever. Molecular typing was done in a subset of NS1 positive cases to identify the circulating serotypes.

Principal findings
We had a total of 1953 person-years (PY) of follow up. Overall, there were 4208 episodes of fever with peaks during June to November. The overall incidence (95%CI) of fever was 215/100 PY (209 to 222). A total of 74/1250 3-day fever episodes were positive for acute dengue fever (NS1 and/or IgM positive). The overall incidence (95%CI) of acute dengue fever was 37.9 (29.8 to 47.6) per 1000 PY; highest among children aged 5 to 10 years (50.4 per 1000 PY, 95% CI 36.5 to 67.8). Spatial autocorrelation analysis suggested a clustering pattern for the dengue fever cases (Moran’s Index 0.35, z-score 1.8, p = 0.06). Dengue PCR was positive in 16 of the 24 specimens tested; DEN 3 was the predominant serotype identified in 15/24 specimens.

Conclusions
We found a high incidence of dengue fever among under 15-year children with clustering of cases in the community. DEN 3 was the most commonly circulating strain encountered. The findings underscore the need for development of affordable pre-vaccination screening strategy as well as newer dengue vaccines for young children while continuing efforts in vector control.
“It is really just brilliant to get credits for something that is so important to you!” Skills for Life: University students’ perceptions of a planned dietary life skills course
Authors: Valand Ida Ulrikke , Øverby Nina C. , Strömmer Sofia , Barker Mary , Bjornes Camilla , Nordli Julie , Pettersen Line , Bjørkkjær Tormod , Vik Frøydis N. , Kiland Charlotte , Hillesund Elisabet R. 
Published: April 2022

Objective
Universities have a role in educating and empowering students to become healthy and literate citizens of the 21st century society. The aim of this study was to explore university students’ perceptions regarding the relevance and utility of a planned dietary life skills course.

Design
Qualitative design including focus group discussions.

Setting
A Norwegian university with participating undergraduate students from seven different disciplines.

Method
Data collection included 13 semi-structured focus group discussions involving 57 university students (35 women and 22 men aged 18–38 years). The focus group discussions were recorded and transcribed verbatim. To ensure in-depth knowledge of the research participants’ thoughts and reflections, thematic analysis strategy was undertaken by a team of researchers.

Results
When presented to the idea of a dietary life skills course as a university course, the students were mostly positive regarding its relevance and utility, however both motivators and barriers for attending were put forward. Some mentioned potential academic course benefits, such as enhanced CV, and a few mentioned potential societal benefits such as a healthy population and sustainable food consumption. Several motivators for attending the course were launched, such as increased knowledge and cooking skills, having dinner and expanded network. The students wanted to learn about food, nutrients and health, and how to cook simple, affordable, healthy and sustainable meals. Potential barriers for attending were mostly related to practicalities, such as potential lack of alignment with ordinary study programme or too demanding lectures.

Conclusion
Most students acknowledged the value of a dietary life skills course and thought that such a course could benefit their personal life. This encourages the offering of such courses at university level, tailored to consider both motivators and barriers for attending.