bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Quality Improvement Effort to Reduce Inpatient Opioid Consumption following Cesarean Delivery
Authors: McKenzie Christine P. , Straube Lacey , Webster Carolyn , Cobb Benjamin , Stuebe Alison 
Published: June 2022

Objective The amount of opioid prescribed following cesarean delivery (CD) is commonly in excess of patients' needs. An additional concern in a breastfeeding mother is neonatal opioid exposure. A maximum daily dose of 30 mg of oxycodone is recommended in breastfeeding women. Inadequate pain control can inhibit breastfeeding, as well as other negative consequences. We aimed to evaluate the effect of reducing the as-needed opioid ordered following CD on inpatient opioid consumption and analgesia.
Study Design At our tertiary-care institution, our standard as-needed opioid order was reduced from oxycodone 5 to 10 mg every 4 hours to oxycodone 5 mg every 6 hours, in May 2019. Orders for scheduled acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were unchanged. We compared opioid use and pain scores before (February 2019–April 2019) and after (May 2019–July 2019) the order modification. Our primary outcome was the proportion of patients using >30 mg of oxycodone in the 24 hours prior to hospital discharge. We further assessed 48-hour opioid consumption and patient-reported verbal pain scores.
Results There were 559 patients who met inclusion criteria; 241 preintervention patients and 318 postintervention patients. In the preintervention group, 14.5% (35/241) used >30-mg oxycodone in the 24 hours before discharge, compared with 5.0% (16/318) after the order set change (relative risk [RR] = 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19, 0.61; number needed to treat [NNT] = 10.5). There was no change in the proportion of women with one or more pain score >7 (preintervention: 44.4% [107/241], postintervention: 43.1% [137/318], p = 0.756) or >4 and ≤7 (preintervention: 36.9% [89/241], postintervention: 36.9% [125/318], p = 0.567), nor was there a change in mean pain score (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: preintervention = 2.8 ± 1.6 and postintervention = 2.7 ± 1.4, p = 0.464).
Conclusion Reducing the amount of opioid ordered after CD reduced the proportion of post-CD patients exceeding the maximum recommended daily oxycodone dose for breastfeeding women.
Key Points
Being a Mother under the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: Evaluation of Perinatal Anxiety, Prenatal Attachment, and Maternal–Infant Attachment
Authors: Abbasoglu Aslihan , Varnali Hayriye , Tekindal Mustafa A. , Pala Halil G. 
Published: June 2022

Objectives The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused both physical and emotional stress throughout the population due to its worldwide impact. The unknowns about the disease, social isolation, pregnant women's concerns regarding exposure to the COVID-19, inaccessibility to necessary care, and the possibility of harm to their fetus may cause increased psychological distress during the perinatal period. We aimed to evaluate the association between perinatal anxiety, prenatal attachment, and maternal–infant attachment status among women with those who delivered their child in a tertiary-care center with rigid hospital restrictions.
Study Design Term pregnant women who experienced the last trimester of their pregnancy during COVID-19 curfews between December 2020 and May 2021 were asked specifically about their concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic and they filled out the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) and the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI). Those who continued the follow-up within a month of period following the delivery were invited to fill out the Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI).
Results A total of 600 women completed the survey. While the evaluation of the relationship between participants' mean PAI and MAI scores showed a statistically significant positive correlation between scales (r = 0.124, p = 0.002), mean PAI and PASS scores showed a statistically significant negative correlation between scale scores (r = − 0.137, p = 0.001).
Conclusion Examining the factors, affecting the attachment process of pregnant and puerperal women, will guide the improvement of the quality of health services in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Key Points
The Rhytidectomy Scar: Analysis of Patient and Surgeon Perspectives
Authors: Kumar Anisha R. , Lu Guanning Nina , Lee Emerson , Kontis Theda C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn understanding of patient preference is vital for surgeons to create outcomes that align with the goals of patients undergoing cosmetic surgery. This study analyzes the perception of the rhytidectomy scar from the perspective of cosmetic patients and surgeons. Cross-sectional surveys were administered in-person to cosmetic patients and online to facial plastic and reconstructive surgeons in the United States. Participants were presented with standardized lateral view photographs of preauricular scars for 10 patients at least 12 months post rhytidectomy procedure. A variety of rhytidectomy incisions were chosen to include pre- versus post-tragal incisions, blunted hair tuft, hypopigmentation, narrow versus wide scar healing. Participants were asked to rate the outcome of the preauricular rhytidectomy scar using the Likert scale from 1 to 10. Quantitative analysis indicates that while both surgeons and cosmetic patients viewed hypopigmented scars less favorably, surgeons were more concerned with pre-tragal incision and blunted hair tuft. Furthermore, the number of rhytidectomies performed by surgeons resulted in more critical analysis of the scars presented in this study. Qualitative analysis of the frequent use of “natural” in the patient comments suggests the importance of maintaining a sense of “normalcy” as well. In contrast, the surgeon comments are most frequently about the relationship between the scar and surrounding anatomical structures, suggesting a descriptive focus on the technicality of scar placement and subsequent anatomical result. Cosmetic patients are primarily concerned about scar appearance while surgeons are more focused on the technical orientation of the scar. An understanding and comparison of the language and perceptions of surgeons and cosmetic patients regarding rhytidectomy scars are vital in creating aesthetic results and managing patient expectations.
Beyond a trauma-informed approach and towards shame-sensitive practice
Authors: Dolezal Luna , Gibson Matthew 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, we outline and define for the first time the concept of shame-sensitivity and principles for shame-sensitive practice. We argue that shame-sensitive practice is essential for the trauma-informed approach. Experiences of trauma are widespread, and there exists a wealth of evidence directly correlating trauma to a range of poor social and health outcomes which incur substantial costs to individuals and to society. As such, trauma has been positioned as a significant public health issue which many argue necessitates a trauma-informed approach to health, care and social services along with public health. Shame is key emotional after effect of experiences of trauma, and an emerging literature argues that we may ‘have failed to see the obvious’ by neglecting to acknowledge the influence of shame on post-trauma states. We argue that the trauma-informed approach fails to adequately theorise and address shame, and that many of the aims of the trauma-informed are more effectively addressed through the concept and practice of shame-sensitivity. We begin by giving an overview of the trauma-informed paradigm, then consider shame as part of trauma, looking particularly at how shame manifests in post-trauma states in a chronic form. We explore how shame becomes a barrier to successful engagement with services, and finally conclude with a definition of the shame-sensitive concept and the principles for its practice.
Real-time equation-of-motion CC cumulant and CC Green’s function simulations of photoemission spectra of water and water dimer
Authors: Vila Fernando D. , Rehr John J. , Pathak Himadri , Peng Bo , Panyala Ajay , Mutlu Erdal , Bauman Nicholas P. , Kowalski Karol 
Published: June 2022

Newly developed coupled-cluster (CC) methods enable simulations of ionization potentials and spectral functions of molecular systems in a wide range of energy scales ranging from core-binding to valence. This paper discusses the results obtained with the real-time equation-of-motion CC cumulant (RT-EOM-CC) approach and CC Green’s function (CCGF) approaches in applications to the water and water dimer molecules. We compare the ionization potentials obtained with these methods for the valence region with the results obtained with the coupled-cluster with singles, doubles, and perturbative triples formulation as a difference of energies for N and N − 1 electron systems. All methods show good agreement with each other. They also agree well with the experiment with errors usually below 0.1 eV for the ionization potentials. We also analyze unique features of the spectral functions, associated with the position of satellite peaks, obtained with the RT-EOM-CC and CCGF methods employing single and double excitations, as a function of the monomer OH bond length and the proton transfer coordinate in the dimer. Finally, we analyze the impact of the basis set effects on the quality of calculated ionization potentials and find that the basis set effects are less pronounced for the augmented-type sets.
Searching for Multiple Populations in Star Clusters Using the China Space Station Telescope
Authors: Li Chengyuan , Zheng Zhenya , Li Xiaodong , Pang Xiaoying , Tang Baitian , Milone Antonino P. , Wang Yue , Wang Haifeng , Jiang Dengkai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Multiple stellar populations (MPs) in most star clusters older than 2 Gyr, as seen by lots of spectroscopic and photometric studies, have led to a significant challenge to the traditional view of star formation. In this field, space-based instruments, in particular the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), have made a breakthrough as they significantly improved the efficiency of detecting MPs in crowded stellar fields by images. The China Space Station Telescope (CSST) and the HST are sensitive to a similar wavelength interval, but the CSST covers a field of view which is about 5–8 times wider than that of HST. One of its instruments, the Multi-Channel Imager (MCI), will have multiple filters covering a wide wavelength range from NUV to NIR, making the CSST a potentially powerful tool for studying MPs in clusters. In this work, we evaluate the efficiency of the designed filters for the MCI/CSST in revealing MPs in different color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs). We find that CMDs made with MCI/CSST photometry in appropriate UV filters are powerful tools to disentangle stellar populations with different abundances of He, C, N, O and Mg. On the contrary, the traditional CMDs are blind to multiple populations in globular clusters (GCs). We show that CSST has the potential of being the spearhead instrument for investigating MPs in GCs in the next decades.
About 300 days Optical Quasi-periodic Oscillations in the Long-term Light Curves of the Blazar PKS 2155-304
Authors: Zheng Qi , Zhang Xue-Guang , Yuan Qi-Rong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Based on the long-term light curves collected from the Catalina Sky Survey (CSS) (from 2005 to 2013) and the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) (from 2014 to 2018), optical quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) about 300 days can be well determined in the well-known blazar PKS 2155-304 through four different methods: the generalized Lomb-Scargle periodogram (GLSP) method, the weighted wavelet Z-transform technique, the epoch-folded method and the redfit method. The GLSP determined significance level for the periodicity is higher than 99.9999% based on a false alarm probability. The redfit provided confidence level for the periodicity is higher than 99% in the ASAS-SN light curve, after considering the effects of red noise. Based on continuous autoregressive process created artificial light curves, the probability of detecting fake QPOs is lower than 0.8%. The determined optical periodicity of 300 days from the CSS and ASAS-SN light curves is well consistent with the reported optical periodicity in the literature. Moreover, three possible models are discussed to explain the optical QPOs in PKS 2155-304: the relativistic frame-dragging effect, the binary black hole model and the jet precession model.
Model estimates for climatic effects of anthropogenic GHG emission scenarios in the 21st century
Authors: Denisov S , Eliseev A , Mokhov I 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To estimate the climatic effects of anthropogenic CO2 and CH4 emission scenarios we performed numerical experiments using IAP RAS CM global climate model. Emissions pathways of 5 RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) regions were used as evaluated scenarios. It is shown that the anthropogenic contribution of CO2 to global surface temperature change starts to decrease in the second half of the century only for RCP 2.6 and only for ASIA, OECD and REF emission scenarios. The rest of the CO2 emission scenarios contribute to an increase in the global surface temperature of the atmosphere throughout the 21st century. The growth of the compensatory effect of natural CO2 fluxes generally slows down by the end of the 21st century. Impact of anthropogenic methane emissions on climate stabilizes in the 21st century for all scenarios under RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 6.0. The estimates of GHG climatic cost equal up to 24 mK per PgC for CO2 and up to 0.9 mK per Tg for CH4. Methane is shown to have at least 40 times stronger impact on global surface temperature per molecule than CO2.
To the theory of convective flows in a rotating stratified medium over a thermally inhomogeneous surface
Authors: Ingel L Kh , Makosko A A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In a liquid (gaseous) medium above a thermally inhomogeneous horizontal surface in a gravity field, convective flows arise, which can play an important role, in particular, in the dynamics of the atmosphere. An extensive literature is devoted to their theory, but, due to the complexity of the problem and the variety of possible combinations of parameters, not all situations of interest have been sufficiently studied even in the linear approximation. In this work, a theoretical model of such thermal circulations is considered, which is more general than in a number of previous works. An analytical solution is found within the framework of a linear stationary two-dimensional model of convective flows in a semi-infinite stably stratified medium rotating around a vertical axis. The obtained relations allow analyzing the dependences of the components of velocity and helicity on the parameters of the problem. A number of rather general statements about the ratio of different helicity “components” in the considered thermal circulations, in particular, in atmospheric currents with characteristic horizontal scales of the order of hundreds of kilometres, have been proved. Examples of numerical calculations of the vertical distribution of these components are given.
On the influence of internal gravity waves on the intensity of turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer
Authors: Zaitseva D , Kallistratova M , Lyulyukin V , Kouznetsov R , Kuznetsov D 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To date experimental data concerning the impact of internal gravity waves on the intensity of turbulence in a stably stratified atmospheric boundary layer are scarce. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the degree of influence on turbulence characteristics of wave-like motions of two classes: Kelvin-Helmholtz billows (KHBs) and horizontally propagating buoyancy waves (BWs). For this purpose the data of long-term sodar measurements carried out in the suburban area of Moscow were used. The passage of 30% of KHB trains and 90% of BW trains was accompanied with increase of turbulent kinetic energy and both heat and momentum fluxes. The relative increase in values of these characteristics was higher during BWs passage. Nevertheless the magnitude of turbulence characteristics were similar for both IGWs classes. In general the difference between characteristics calculated in the presence and in the absence of wavelike motions was smaller than between those in strongly and weakly stable boundary layers.
Outcome After Treatment With 15% Trichloroacetic Acid Peeling After Facial Black Powder Injury
Authors: Ulrich Franzisca , Elahi Leslie , Alexander Rossi Severin , Meuli Joachim , Raffoul Wassim 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Explosion-related facial black powder injuries are difficult to treat due to traumatic tattooing of powder residue. A common treatment protocol consists of immediate debridement using a variety of surgical techniques with no other adjuncts. The results are often mediocre because of scarring or powder remnants on the skin. The authors present a patient who suffered innumerable black powder tattoos to the face after a cannon explosion treated by initial debridement and serial treatments of 15% trichloroacetic acid peelings with a highly satisfactory result.

Level of Evidence: 5
Molecular genetics of human developmental neurocranial anomalies: towards “precision surgery”
Authors: Duy Phan Q , Timberlake Andrew T , Lifton Richard P , Kahle Kristopher T 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent trio-based whole-exome sequencing studies of congenital hydrocephalus and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis have identified multiple novel disease genes that have illuminated the pathogenesis of these disorders and shed new insight into the genetic regulation of human brain and skull development. Continued study of these and other historically understudied developmental anomalies has the potential to replace the current antiquated, anatomically based disease classification systems with a molecular nomenclature that may increase precision for genetic counseling, prognostication, and surgical treatment stratification—including when not to operate. Data will also inform future clinical trials, catalyze the development of targeted therapies, and generate infrastructure and publicly available data sets relevant for other related nonsurgical neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases.
Case-by-case: neural markers of emotion and task stimulus significance
Authors: Schupp Harald T , Flösch Karl-Philipp , Kirmse Ursula 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present study assessed the hypothesis that electrophysiological markers of emotional and task stimulus significance can be demonstrated in concert at the level of the individual case. Participants (n = 18, 9 females) viewed low and high-arousing pictures selected from behavior systems of sexual reproduction, disease avoidance, and predator fear. Furthermore, to concurrently manipulate task relevance, participants performed an explicit emotion categorization task with either low or high-arousing pictures alternating as target stimuli in separate experimental blocks. Pooled across behavior systems, event-related components sensitive to emotional significance reached statistical significance in 100% of the tests for the early posterior negativity and in 96% of the tests for the late positive potential. Regarding explicit task relevance, the target P3 effect was significant in 96% of the tests. These findings demonstrate that neural markers of stimulus significance driven by emotional picture content and explicit task demands can be assessed at the individual level. Replicating an effect case-after-case provides strong support for an effect common-to-all and may support individual inferences. Contributions of the case-by-case approach to reveal reproducible effects and implications for the development of neural biomarkers for specific affective and cognitive component processes are discussed.
A generic neural factor linking resting-state neural dynamics and the brain’s response to unexpectedness in multilevel cognition
Authors: Ouyang Guang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe brain’s response to change is fundamental to learning and adaptation; this implies the presence of a universal neural mechanism under various contexts. We hypothesized that this mechanism manifests in neural activity patterns across low and high levels of cognition during task processing as well as in resting-state neural dynamics, because both these elements are different facets of the same dynamical system. We tested our hypothesis by (i) characterizing (a) the neural response to changes in low-level continuous information stream and unexpectedness at different cognitive levels and (b) the spontaneous neural dynamics in resting state, and (ii) examining the associations among the dynamics according to cross-individual variability (n = 200). Our results showed that the brain’s response magnitude was monotonically correlated with the magnitude of information fluctuation in a low-level task, forming a simple psychophysical function; moreover, this effect was found to be associated with the brain’s response to unexpectedness in high-level cognitive tasks (including language processing). These coherent multilevel neural effects in task processing were also shown to be strongly associated with resting-state neural dynamics characterized by the waxing and waning of Alpha oscillation. Taken together, our results revealed large-scale consistency between the neural dynamic system and multilevel cognition.