bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Heterostructure Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides on Nickel Sulfides Heteronanowire Arrays as Efficient Cathode for Alkaline Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Zhou Kai , Wang Shuai , Zhong Guixiang , Chen Jingrong , Bao Yu , Niu Li 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAqueous alkaline rechargeable nickel‐zinc (Ni–Zn) batteries possess great potential for large‐scale energy storage systems because of their high output voltage, cheap cost, and intrinsic safety. However, the practical applicability of Ni–Zn batteries has been limited by traditional Ni‐based cathodes with low capacity and poor cycle stability. Rational design of electrode structure and composition is highly desired but still significantly challenging. Herein, uniform self‐supported hierarchical heterostructure composites interacting NiCo‐layered double hydroxide with 1D nickel sulfides heteronanowire rooted on Ni foam (NF\Ni3S2/NiS@NiCo‐LDH) are successfully developed by a hydrothermal sulfurization‐electrodeposition process. The self‐supported 3D hierarchical heterostructured composites nanoarray provides abundant reactive sites, rapid ion diffusion channels, and fast electron transfer routes, as well as strong structural stability. More significantly, the strong interfacial charge transfer between Ni3S2/NiS heteronanowire and NiCo‐LDH effectively modifies the electronic structure of the composites and thereby improving the reaction kinetics. Consequently, the NF\Ni3S2/NiS@NiCo‐LDH electrode presents a superior capacity of 434.5 mAh g−1 (1.73 mAh cm−2) at 3 mA cm−2. In addition, the fabricated NF\Ni3S2/NiS@NiCo‐LDH//Zn battery can offer a maximal energy density and power density as large as 556.3 Wh kg−1 and 26.3 kW kg−1, respectively, as well as an exceptional cycling performance.
Compatibility checking for cyber‐physical systems based on microservices
Authors: Dai Fei , Liu Guozhi , Xu Xiaolong , Mo Qi , Qiang Zhenping , Liang Zhihong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicroservices architecture provides a promising solution for developing sustainable cyber‐physical systems (CPSs). However, checking the compatibility of CPSs over a set of microservices communicating asynchronously via unbounded buffers are undecidable due to their infinite state spaces. In this article, we propose a new approach for checking the compatibility of CPSs with infinite state spaces without restricting the size of buffers or the number of communication cycles. First, we integrate CPSs with microservice architecture and design the system architecture for building CPSs over a set of cyber‐physical microservices with unbounded buffers. Second, we model CPSs composed of asynchronously communicating cyber‐physical microservices via FIFO buffers as labelled transition systems. Third, we adopt the stability notion and present a sufficient condition for checking the unspecified receptions of CPSs through stability checking. Finally, we implement our approach in Process Analysis Toolkit for automatic compatibility checking and conduct experiments to show our approach is effective and efficient.
Recent progress on rational design of catalysts for fermentative hydrogen production
Authors: Chai Yifan , Lyu Zhaoyuan , Du Huitong , Li Pan , Ding Shichao , Jiang Yujing , Wang Hua , Min Qianhao , Du Dan , Lin Yuehe , Zhu Wenlei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe increasingly severe energy crisis has strengthened the determination to develop environmentally friendly energy. And hydrogen has emerged as a candidate for clean energy. Among many hydrogen generation methods, biohydrogen stands out due to its environmental sustainability, simple operating environment, and cost advantages. This review focuses on the rational design of catalysts for fermentative hydrogen production. The principles of microbial dark fermentation and photo‐fermentation are elucidated exhaustively. Various strategies to increase the efficiency of fermentative hydrogen production are summarized, and some recent representative works from microbial dark fermentation and photo‐fermentation are described. Meanwhile, perspectives and discussions on the rational design of catalysts for fermentative hydrogen production are provided.
Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery
Authors: Li Ke , Segura Ana Maria , Sun Junping , Chen Qi , Cheng Jie , Perin Emerson C. , Elgalad Abdelmotagaly 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveDelayed cardiac tamponade, a life‐threatening complication of pericardial effusion in humans, has rarely been described in large animal models. We report here a pig with cardiac tamponade that developed 29 days after cardiac surgery.Study DesignCase report.AnimalsOne 45‐kg domestic pig.MethodsOpen‐chest surgery was performed on a pig to induce chronic heart failure. At 15 days after surgery, the pig's breathing appeared laboured; induced heart failure was considered the cause. Routine heart failure medications were administered.ResultsOn day 28, the pig's status deteriorated. On day 29, echocardiography performed just before the pig's death showed a large pericardial effusion, mainly in the lateral and anterior walls of the right heart, with several fibre exudation bands. The right heart was severely compressed with an extremely small right ventricle. An emergency sternotomy was unsuccessful. Pathologic examination showed a severely thickened, fibrous pericardium. The pericardial sac was distended (up to 4.5 cm) and was full of dark brown, soft, friable material. Epicardial haemorrhage with a fresh, organised thrombus was noted in the pericardium.ConclusionDelayed tamponade occurring at least 15 days after open‐chest surgery is easy to misdiagnose or overlook in large animal models where attention is often focused on primary pathological model changes. To decrease mortality in animal models, researchers should be aware of potential complications and use the same level of follow‐up monitoring of large animals as in clinical care.
Inadvertent fatal carotid artery laceration at the time of jugular venipuncture in a healthy cat
Authors: Burke Jasper E. , Mandell Deborah C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA 4‐year‐old female spayed Siamese was referred for an episode of collapse and tachypnea after routine jugular venipuncture. On presentation, the patient was obtunded, laterally recumbent, hypothermic, hypotensive, and tachypneic with increased respiratory effort. Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) was negative for peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial effusion but revealed an underloaded left ventricle. Point of care bloodwork revealed severe anaemia and hypoproteinemia (PCV/TS 20%/4 g/dl), concerning for acute haemorrhage given the normal bloodwork performed that morning (PCV/TS 42%/6.9 g/dl). Progressively dyspnoea and stridor were noted; the cat's neck was swollen and firm, and emergent intubation was performed. Bruising and a small amount of active haemorrhage from a puncture was noted around the right jugular vein so a neck wrap was placed to tamponade the bleeding, but the cat became progressively bradycardic and arrested. Post‐mortem results were consistent with inadvertent laceration of the right carotid artery during routine jugular venipuncture.
An Ab Initio Computational Study of Binding Energies of Interstellar Complex Organic Molecules on Crystalline Water Ice Surface Models
Authors: Kakkar Harjasnoor , Martínez-Bachs Berta , Rimola Albert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe interstellar medium is extremely heterogeneous in terms of physical environments and chemical composition. Spectroscopic observations in the recent decades have revealed the presence of gaseous material and dust grains covered in ices predominantly of water in interstellar clouds, the interplay of which may elucidate the existence of more than 250 molecular species. Of these species of varied complexity, several terrestrial carbon-containing compounds have been discovered, known as interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs) in the astrochemical argot. In order to investigate the formation of iCOMs, it is crucial to explore gas-grain chemistry and in this regard, one of the fundamental parameters is the binding energy (BE), which is an essential input in astrochemical models. In this work, the BEs of 13 iCOMs on a crystalline H2O-ice surface have been computed by means of quantum chemical periodic calculations. The hybrid B3LYP-D3 DFT method was used for the geometry optimizations of the adsorbate/ice systems and for computing the BEs. Furthermore, to refine the BE values, an ONIOM2-like approximation has been employed to obtain them at CCSD(T), which correlate well with those obtained at B3LYP-D3. Additionally, aiming to lower the computational cost, structural optimizations were carried out using the HF-3c level of theory, followed by single point energy calculations at B3LYP-D3 in order to obtain BE values comparable to the full DFT treatment.
Reasoning About Vectors Using an SMT Theory of Sequences
Authors: Sheng Ying , Nötzli Andres , Reynolds Andrew , Zohar Yoni , Dill David , Grieskamp Wolfgang , Park Junkil , Qadeer Shaz , Barrett Clark , Tinelli Cesare 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDynamic arrays, also referred to as vectors, are fundamental data structures used in many programs. Modeling their semantics efficiently is crucial when reasoning about such programs. The theory of arrays is widely supported but is not ideal, because the number of elements is fixed (determined by its index sort) and cannot be adjusted, which is a problem, given that the length of vectors often plays an important role when reasoning about vector programs. In this paper, we propose reasoning about vectors using a theory of sequences. We introduce the theory, propose a basic calculus adapted from one for the theory of strings, and extend it to efficiently handle common vector operations. We prove that our calculus is sound and show how to construct a model when it terminates with a saturated configuration. Finally, we describe an implementation of the calculus in cvc5 and demonstrate its efficacy by evaluating it on verification conditions for smart contracts and benchmarks derived from existing array benchmarks.
Einleitung
Authors: Winter Fabian 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungLese- und Schreibkompetenzen sind die Grundlage für Bildung, schulischen und beruflichen Erfolg sowie ein lebenslanges selbstbestimmtes Lernen. Um deren Gewichtung hervorzuheben, werden sie häufig Kulturtechniken genannt oder als Schlüsselkompetenz bezeichnet. Die Aneignung der Schrift hängt dabei maßgeblich vom Unterricht und den Unterstützungsangeboten ab.
Methodisches Vorgehen
Authors: Winter Fabian 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Zentrum von Kapitel 3 steht die Beschreibung und Begründung des methodischen Vorgehens. Dafür wird zunächst Mixed-Methods-Forschung in Abschnitt 3.1 definiert. In Abschnitt 3.2 wird die Diskussion weiter vertieft und das gewählte Mixed-Methods-Design als sequenzielle, explanative Studie typisiert. In Abschnitt 3.3 erfolgt die Herleitung der übergeordneten Forschungsfragen, die für das Gesamtprojekt von zentraler Bedeutung sind.
Fallstudien
Authors: Winter Fabian 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIn dem nachfolgenden qualitativen Untersuchungsteil werden die Ergebnisse von vier holistischen Fallstudien und einer Pilotfallstudie über duale Schriftnutzung vorgestellt. Dazu wurden fünf Lernende unterschiedlichen Alters ausgewählt und über einen längeren Zeitraum im Unterricht und im Elternhaus begleitet. Anknüpfend an die erste quantitative Untersuchung sollen die Erkenntnisse aus den qualitativen Fallstudien die Ergebnisse aus der quantitativen Kompetenzerhebung erklären und erweitern.
Fazit
Authors: Winter Fabian 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDer letzte Teil der Arbeit fasst die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse aus der Studie prägnant zusammen. Dazu soll auf das eingangs in der Arbeit geschilderte Forschungsproblem und die übergeordneten Forschungsfragen eingegangen werden. Gleichzeitig werden die eigenen Ergebnisse kritisch reflektiert und Vorschläge für zukünftige Forschung gemacht.
Empirische Analyse gesellschaftlicher Wertorientierungen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland von 2009 bis 2017
Authors: Wurthmann L. Constantin 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung besteht darin, den Effekt gesellschaftlicher Wertorientierungen auf das Wahlverhalten bei den Bundestagswahlen 2009, 2013 und 2017 zu messen. In den Erläuterungen zum theoretischen Rahmen wurde herausgearbeitet, dass gesellschaftliche Wertorientierungen im Wesentlichen die essenzielle Grundlage für die Entstehung und Etablierung der Parteien des deutschen Parteiensystems waren und auch heute womöglich noch sind. Es handelt sich hierbei um die Konfliktdimension des Links-Rechts-Materialismus, die Konfliktlinie zwischen einer religiösen und einer säkularen Wertorientierung, den Konfliktraum zwischen Postmaterialismus und Materialismus sowie jenen zwischen Kosmopolitismus und Nationalismus.
Die Hobbes-Deutung bei Strauss
Authors: Motuzaite Ieva 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Religionskritik Spinozas als Grundlage seiner Bibelwissenschaft. Untersuchungen zu Spinozas Theologisch-politischem Traktat. In: Strauss, Leo: Die Religionskritik Spinozas und zugehörige Schriften (Leo Strauss. Gesammelte Schriften 1). Hrsg. v. Heinrich Meier unter Mitwirkung v. Wiebke Meier. 3., erneut durchges. u. erw. Aufl. Stuttgart/Weimar 2008, S. 1−61 [1. Aufl. 1996].
Fano 3-folds, reflexive polytopes and brane brick models
Authors: Franco Sebastián , Seong Rak-Kyeong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Reflexive polytopes in n dimensions have attracted much attention both in mathematics and theoretical physics due to their connection to Fano n-folds and mirror symmetry. This work focuses on the 18 regular reflexive polytopes corresponding to smooth Fano 3-folds. For the first time, we show that all 18 regular reflexive polytopes have corresponding 2d (0, 2) gauge theories realized by brane brick models. These 2d gauge theories can be considered as the worldvolume theories of D1-branes probing the toric Calabi-Yau 4-singularities whose toric diagrams are given by the associated regular reflexive polytopes. The generators of the mesonic moduli space of the brane brick models are shown to form a lattice of generators due to the charges under the rank 3 mesonic flavor symmetry. It is shown that the lattice of generators is the exact polar dual reflexive polytope to the corresponding toric diagram of the brane brick model. This duality not only highlights the close relationship between the geometry and 2d gauge theory, but also opens up pathways towards new discoveries in relation to reflexive polytopes and brane brick models.
Quantum Machine Learning for b-jet charge identification
Authors: Gianelle Alessio , Koppenburg Patrick , Lucchesi Donatella , Nicotra Davide , Rodrigues Eduardo , Sestini Lorenzo , de Vries Jacco , Zuliani Davide 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Machine Learning algorithms have played an important role in hadronic jet classification problems. The large variety of models applied to Large Hadron Collider data has demonstrated that there is still room for improvement. In this context Quantum Machine Learning is a new and almost unexplored methodology, where the intrinsic properties of quantum computation could be used to exploit particles correlations for improving the jet classification performance. In this paper, we present a brand new approach to identify if a jet contains a hadron formed by a b or $$ \overline{b} $$

b
¯

quark at the moment of production, based on a Variational Quantum Classifier applied to simulated data of the LHCb experiment. Quantum models are trained and evaluated using LHCb simulation. The jet identification performance is compared with a Deep Neural Network model to assess which method gives the better performance.
On the derivation of chiral symmetry breaking in QCD-like theories and S-confining theories
Authors: Luzio Andrea , Xu Ling-Xiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recent works argue that the pattern of chiral symmetry breaking in QCD-like theories can be derived from supersymmetric (SUSY) QCD with perturbation of anomaly-mediated SUSY breaking (AMSB). Nevertheless, despite the fact that AMSB needs to be a small (but still exact) perturbation, two other major problems remain unsolved: first, in order to derive the chiral symmetry breaking pattern, one needs to minimize the potential along a certain specific direction, identifying this direction fully as an outcome is nontrivial given the moduli space of degenerate vacua in the SUSY limit; second, when SUSY is broken, non-holomorphic states might emerge and be relevant for determining the vacuum structure. In this work, we try to resolve these problems and discuss their physical implica- tions. For this purpose, we focus on SUSY QCD with Nf ≤ Nc + 1 and perturb the theories using AMSB. Without minimizing the potential along a certain specific direction in the moduli space, we successfully derive the expected chiral symmetry breaking pattern when Nf< Nc. However, when Nf = Nc and Nf = Nc + 1, we show that tree-level AMSB would induce runaway directions, along which baryon number is spontaneously broken, and the vacua with broken baryon number can be deeper while the field values are not far from the origin. This implies that phase transitions and/or non-holomorphic physics are necessary. In order to derive the expected chiral symmetry breaking pattern of non-SUSY QCD starting from the SUSY limit and AMSB, baryon number conservation is needed as an input rather than obtained as an output. Moreover, we perform explicit consistency checks on “ultraviolet insensitivity” for different Nf by adding the holomorphic mass term for the last flavor, we find that the “jump” of AMSB potential indeed matches the contribution from the holomorphic mass term. We also show in general that, when tree-level AMSB is not vanishing, the origin of the moduli space in s-confining theories does not persist as a minimum.
Conservation of asymptotic charges from past to future null infinity: Lorentz charges in general relativity
Authors: Prabhu Kartik , Shehzad Ibrahim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We show that the asymptotic charges associated with Lorentz symmetries on past and future null infinity match in the limit to spatial infinity in a class of asymptotically-flat spacetimes. These are spacetimes that obey the Ashtekar-Hansen definition of asymptotic flatness at null and spatial infinity and satisfy an additional set of conditions which we lay out explicitly. Combined with earlier results on the matching of supertranslation charges, this shows that all Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) charges on past and future null infinity match in the limit to spatial infinity in this class of spacetimes, proving a relationship that was conjectured by Strominger. Assuming additional suitable conditions are satisfied at timelike infinities, this proves that the flux of all BMS charges is conserved in any classical gravitational scattering process in these spacetimes.
Non-invertible self-duality defects of Cardy-Rabinovici model and mixed gravitational anomaly
Authors: Hayashi Yui , Tanizaki Yuya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We study properties of self-duality symmetry in the Cardy-Rabinovici model. The Cardy-Rabinovici model is the 4d U(1) gauge theory with electric and magnetic matters, and it enjoys the SL(2, ℤ) self-duality at low-energies. SL(2, ℤ) self-duality does not realize in a naive way, but we notice that the STp duality transformation becomes the legitimate duality operation by performing the gauging of ℤN 1-form symmetry with including the level-p discrete topological term. Due to such complications in its realization, the fusion rule of duality defects becomes a non-group-like structure, and thus the self-duality symmetry is realized as a non-invertible symmetry. Moreover, for some fixed points of the self-duality, the duality symmetry turns out to have a mixed gravitational anomaly detected on a K3 surface, and we can rule out the trivially gapped phase as a consequence of anomaly matching. We also uncover how the conjectured phase diagram of the Cardy-Rabinovici model satisfies this new anomaly matching condition.
Semiclassics with ’t Hooft flux background for QCD with 2-index quarks
Authors: Tanizaki Yuya , Ünsal Mithat 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We study quantum chromodynamics including the two-index symmetric or anti-symmetric quark (QCD(Sym/ASym)) on small ℝ2× T2 with a suitable magnetic flux. We first discuss the ’t Hooft anomaly of these theories and claim that discrete chiral symmetry should be spontaneously broken completely to satisfy the anomaly matching condition. The T2 compactification with the magnetic flux preserves the ’t Hooft anomaly, and the 2d effective theory is constrained by the same anomaly of 4d QCD(Sym/ASym). We demonstrate the spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry using the dilute gas of center vortices, which confirms the prediction of the ’t Hooft anomaly. We also find that each vacuum maintains the charge conjugation symmetry, and this gives affirmative support for the nonperturbative large-N orientifold equivalence between QCD(Sym/ASym) and $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills theory.
The spectral geometry of de Sitter space in asymptotic safety
Authors: Ferrero Renata , Reuter Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Within the functional renormalization group approach to Background Independent quantum gravity, we explore the scale dependent effective geometry of the de Sitter solution dS4. The investigation employs a novel approach whose essential ingredient is a modified spectral flow of the metric dependent d’Alembertian, or of similar hyperbolic kinetic operators. The corresponding one-parameter family of spectra and eigenfunctions encodes information about the nonperturbative backreaction of the dynamically gravitating vacuum fluctuations on the mean field geometry of the quantum spacetime. Used as a diagnostic tool, the power of the spectral flow method resides in its ability to identify the scale dependent subsets of field modes that supply the degrees of freedom which participate in the effective field theory description of the respective scale. A central result is that the ultraviolet of Quantum Einstein Gravity comprises far less effective degrees of freedom than predicted (incorrectly) by background dependent reasoning. The Lorentzian signature of dS4 is taken into account by selecting a class of renormalization group trajectories which are known to apply to both the Euclidean and a Lorentzian version of the approach. Exploring the quantum spacetime’s spatial geometry carried by physical fields, we find that 3-dimensional space disintegrates into a collection of coherent patches which individually can, but in their entirety cannot be described by one of the effective average actions occurring along the renormalization group trajectory. A natural concept of an entropy is introduced in order to quantify this fragmentation effect. Tentatively applied to the real Universe, surprising analogies to properties of the observed cosmic microwave background are uncovered. Furthermore, a set of distinguished field modes is found which, in principle, has the ability to transport information about the asymptotic fixed point regime from the ultraviolet, across almost the entire “scale history”, to cosmological distances in the observed Universe.