bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring experiences of quarantined people during the early phase of COVID-19 outbreak in Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’ Region of Ethiopia: A qualitative study
Authors: Olani Ararso Baru , Degefa Nega , Aschalew Zeleke , Kassa Mekdim , Feleke Tesfaye , Gura Girma , Wambete Sarah Namee 
Published: September 2022

Background
Ethiopia enforced extremely rigorous contact tracing and mandatory quarantine for all suspected contact and travelers entering the country for a period of 14-days duration during the early phases of the COVID-19 outbreak. Several studies investigated the experience of quarantined people because of COVID-19 or previous outbreaks. However, quarantine is often perceived differently in different cultures because of its historical association with class, gender, ethnicity, politics, and prejudices. To our knowledge, there is limited literature on quarantine experience in Ethiopia related to either COVID-19 or other infectious diseases. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore quarantine experience of people in Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) of Ethiopia during early phase of COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
The study implemented an exploratory qualitative research design using a phenomenological approach. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with purposively recruited 29 respondents. Digitally recorded audio files have been listened to several times and verbatim transcriptions were done. The transcribed narratives were examined independently and content analysis was carried out through reading and re-reading the verbatim several times, open coding, grouping, categorizing, and abstracting the final themes.

Results
Three broad themes were identified and characterized the experiences of quarantined people due to COVID-19. These themes were a) handling of the suspected person, b) adverse effects of quarantine and c) coping strategies. In addition, quarantine refusals; injustice in quarantine; quarantine errors; psychological distress; physiological changes; social effects; financial losses; personal and social coping strategies were the emerged sub-themes.

Conclusions
This study explored a range of complex experiences of quarantined people because of the COVID-19 outbreak in SNNPR. The quarantined people included in this study were adversely affected psychologically, physiologically, socially, and economically. They also experienced quarantine errors and injustice. There is a need to gather clear justification for close contact before forcing the suspect for mandatory quarantine. In addition, there is a need to develop risk communication strategy to approach suspected contacts for quarantine. Moreover, assessing psychological, physiological, social, and economic impacts of quarantine on the individuals while they are in quarantine and after release could be important. The use of personal and social coping strategies including psychosocial support may lessen the adverse impacts of the quarantine.
Role of L-Carnitine supplementation on rate of weight gain and biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction in children with severe acute malnutrition: A protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Alam Jinat , Islam Md. Ridwan , Fahim Shah Mohammad , Gazi Md. Amran , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: September 2022

Background
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) are highly prevalent among children residing in resource-limited countries like Bangladesh. L-carnitine may play a role in improving the growth and ameliorating the EED among nutritionally vulnerable children.

Objective
To investigate the role of L-carnitine supplementation on the rate of weight gain, duration of hospital stays, and EED biomarkers among children with severe acute malnutrition.

Methods
This study is a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial aiming to enroll diarrheal children with SAM between 9–24 months of both sexes attending the nutritional rehabilitation unit (NRU) of Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b. It is an ongoing trial including two arms where one arm receives L-carnitine supplementation, and the other arms receive a placebo for 15 days in addition to the existing standard treatment of SAM. The primary outcome is the rate of weight gain, and the secondary outcomes include duration of hospital stay and EED biomarkers. Outcomes are assessed at baseline and 15 days of post-intervention. We hypothesize that the L- carnitine supplementation for 15 days in children with SAM will improve the rate of weight gain and biomarkers of EED.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov # NCT05083637. Date of registration: October 19, 2021.
Persistent anxiety among high school students: Survey results from the second year of the COVID pandemic
Authors: Yin Olivia , Parikka Nadia , Ma Amy , Kreniske Philip , Mellins Claude A. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
National mental health surveys have demonstrated increased stress and depressive symptoms among high-school students during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, but objective measures of anxiety after the first year of the pandemic are lacking.

Methods
A 25-question survey including demographics, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7) a validated self-administered tool to evaluate anxiety severity, and questions on achievement goals and future aspirations was designed by investigators. Over a 2-month period, all students from grade 9–12 in a single high-school (n = 546) were invited to complete an online survey after electronic parental consent and student assent. Bi-variate and chi-square analyses examined demographic differences in anxiety scores and the impact on outcomes; qualitative analyses examined related themes from open-ended questions.

Results
In total, 155/546 (28%) completed the survey. Among students with binary gender classifications, 54/149 (36%) had GAD-7 scores in the moderate or severe anxiety range (scores≥10), with a greater proportion among females than males (47% vs 21%, P<0.001). Compared to students with GAD-7<10, those with ≥ 10 were more likely to strongly agree that the pandemic changed them significantly (51% vs 28%, p = 0.05), made them mature faster (44% vs 16%, p = 0.004), and affected their personal growth negatively (16% vs 6%, p = 0.004). Prominent themes that emerged from open-ended responses on regrets during the pandemic included missing out on school social or sports events, missing out being with friends, and attending family events or vacations.

Conclusion
In this survey of high school students conducted 2 years after the onset of COVID-19 in the United States, 47% of females and 21% of males reported moderate or severe anxiety symptoms as assessed by the GAD-7. Whether heightened anxiety results in functional deficits is still uncertain, but resources for assessment and treatment should be prioritized.
Obstructed labor and its effect on adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yeshitila Yordanos Gizachew , Daniel Beniam , Desta Melaku , Kassa Getachew Mullu 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundObstructed labor is one of the five major causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. In Ethiopia, it accounts for 19.1% of maternal death. The current review aimed to assess maternal and perinatal outcomes of obstructed labor in Ethiopia.MethodsPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed for this systematic review and meta-analysis. A literature search was made using PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Summon country-specific search, and Cochrane Libraries’ online databases. Search terms were adverse outcome, obstructed labor, maternal outcome, fetal outcome, and Ethiopia. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS), based on a star scoring system, was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 16 software. The pooled prevalence of an adverse maternal outcome, fetal outcome, and association between adverse outcome and obstructed labor was calculated using a random-effects model. Egger’s test and funnel plot were used to evaluate publication bias.ResultEighty-seven studies were included in this review, with an overall sample size of 104259 women and 4952 newborns. The pooled incidence of maternal death was estimated to be 14.4% [14.14 (6.91–21.37). The pooled prevalence of uterine rupture and maternal near-miss was 41.18% (95% CI: 19.83, 62.54) and 30.5% [30.5 (11.40, 49.59) respectively. Other complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, obstetric fistula, hysterectomy, bladder injury, cesarean section, and labor abnormalities were also reported. The pooled prevalence of perinatal death was 26.4% (26.4 (95% CI 15.18, 37.7). In addition, the association of obstructed labor with stillbirth, perinatal asphyxia, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid was also demonstrated.ConclusionsIn Ethiopia, the incidence of perinatal and maternal mortality among pregnant women with obstructed labor was high. The rate of maternal death and maternal near miss reported in this review was higher than incidences reported from high-income and most low and middle-income countries. Uterine rupture, postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, fistula, hysterectomy, and bladder injury were also commonly reported. To improve the health outcomes of obstructed labor, it is recommended to address the three delay models: enhancing communities’ health-seeking behavior, enhancing transportation for an obstetric emergency with different stakeholders, and strengthening the capacity of health facilities to handle obstetric emergencies.
Combined short-axis out-of-plane and long-axis in-plane approach versus long-axis in-plane approach for ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization in infants and small children: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Takeshita Jun , Nakajima Yasufumi , Tachibana Kazuya , Hamaba Hirofumi , Yamashita Tomonori , Shime Nobuaki 
Published: September 2022

The ultrasound-guided long-axis in-plane approach for central venous catheterization in infants and small children can prevent posterior wall penetration. The combined short-axis out-of-plane and long-axis in-plane approach reportedly prevents such penetration in adults. To test the hypothesis of non-inferiority of the combined approach to the long-axis in-plane approach, we compared the two approaches in infants and small children. Patients were randomized based on whether they underwent ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein catheterization using the combined or long-axis in-plane approach. Posterior wall penetration rates, first-attempt success rates, overall success rates within 20 min; scanning, puncture, and procedure durations; and number of attempts were compared between the groups. In the combined and long-axis in-plane groups (n = 55 per group), the posterior wall penetration rates were 5.5% (3/55) and 3.6% (2/55) (P = 0.65), the first-attempt success rates were 94.5% (52/55) and 92.7% (51/55) (P = 0.70), and the overall success rates within 20 min were 100% (55/55) and 98.2% (54/55) (P = 0.32), respectively. In the combined and long-axis in-plane groups, the median (interquartile range) scanning durations were 21 (16.5–34.8) s and 47 (29.3–65) s (P<0.0001), the puncture durations were 114 (83–170) s and 74 (52.3–117.3) s (P = 0.0002), and the procedure durations were 141 (99–97.8) s and 118 (88.5–195.5) s (P = 0.14), respectively. The median number of attempts was 1 (interquartile range: 1–1, range: 1–3) in both groups (P = 0.72). Similar to the long-axis in-plane approach, the combined approach for internal jugular vein catheterization prevented posterior wall penetration in infants and small children.
Trial registration: This trial was registered before patient enrollment in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry, registration number UMIN000039387 (https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-bin/ctr/ctr_view_reg.cgi?recptno=R000044907).
Lifestyle elements and risk of metabolic syndrome in adults
Authors: Suliga Edyta , Ciesla Elzbieta , Lelonek Magdalena , Piechowska Agnieszka , Gluszek Stanislaw 
Published: September 2022

Background
The aim of the study was to investigate which elements of lifestyle are associated with metabolic health in adults, defined as the absence of components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria.

Methods
Data from 10,277 individuals aged 40–65 years constituted the material of this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses with backward stepwise selection were carried out to identify the factors associated with the absence of metabolic disorders.

Results
No family history of cardiovascular disease increased the odds of being metabolically healthy 1.5-2-fold. Furthermore, the following factors were associated with higher odds of being metabolically healthy in men: abstinence from alcohol (healthy individuals vs. those with ≥3 [OR = 5.49 (2.23–13.52); p<0.001], ≥2 [OR = 4.52 (1.87–10.91); p = 0.001], and ≥1 components of MetS [OR = 3.04 (1.41–6.56); p = 0.005]), moderate alcohol use (healthy individuals vs. those with ≥3 [OR = 3.36 (1.54–7.32); p = 0.002], ≥2 [OR = 3.28 (1.52–7.10); p = 0.002], and ≥1 components of MetS [OR = 3.93 (1.64–9.42); p = 0.002]), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) >2 hours/day and sitting time of 3–6 hours/day. Drinking >2 cups of coffee per day (healthy vs. those with ≥3 [OR = 2.00 (1.47–2.71)], ≥2 [OR = 1.84 (1.38–2.45)], and ≥1 components of MetS [OR = 1.72 (1.30–2.28); all p<0.001]), limiting animal fats to <2 servings/day, MVPA >2 hours/day, and 7–8 hours of sleep per day were associated with higher odds of being metabolically healthy in women.

Conclusions
A healthy lifestyle increased the odds of being metabolically healthy. Some lifestyle modifications may appear effective in prevention of not only MetS, but also single metabolic risk factors.
Upadłość i niewypłacalność jako pojęcia ekonomiczne i prawne
Authors: Kamieński Grzegorz , Borys Adrian 
Published: September 2022

Pojęcia upadłości i niewypłacalności są różnie pojmowane, co spowodowało pojawienie się rozbieżności definicyjnych. Zauważalny wśród badaczy jest wyraźny podział przyjmowania desygnatów pojęcia upadłości i niewypłacalności ze względu na obszar badań, pojęcia te utożsamia się bowiem albo ze sferą prawną, albo ze sferą ekonomiczną, co oznacza, że w zależności od przyjęcia jednej z tych perspektyw różnie będziemy definiować upadłość i niewypłacalność. W artykule autorzy podjęli próbę zdefiniowania tych pojęć oraz określenia relacji, jakie między nimi zachodzą. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, że prawnicze rozumienie pojęć upadłości i niewypłacalności jest wtórne wobec ich znaczenia w naukach ekonomicznych. Ze względu na przedmiot badańoraz charakter źródeł w niniejszym artykule wykorzystana została metoda jakościowa, oparta na badaniach interpretacyjnych. Badania interpretacyjne prowadzone były z wykorzystaniem strategii badań etnograficznych na podstawie aktów prawnych oraz dorobku doktryny i judykatury. Przeprowadzona badania pokazały, że wyniku rozwoju prawa upadłościowego doszło do podporządkowania prawnego rozumienia pojęć upadłości i niewypłacalności znaczeniu nadanym tym pojęciom w naukach ekonomicznych. Pozwala to na stosowanie narzędzi ekonomicznych oraz wykładni dynamicznej, tak aby rozstrzygnięcia sądów upadłościowych były jak najbardziej zgodne z dynamicznie zmieniającą się rzeczywistością społeczno-gospodarczą.
Stealthing – karalność zdjęcia prezerwatywy bez wiedzy partnerki
Authors: Głuchowski Michał 
Published: September 2022

Stealthing, czyli potajemne zdjęcie prezerwatywy przez mężczyznę bez zgody partnerki, różni się od typowego przestępstwa zgwałcenia, gdyż pokrzywdzona wyraża zgodę na współżycie, tyle że z zabezpieczeniem. Mimo to współżycie bez prezerwatywy nie jest objęte zakresem zgody na obcowanie płciowe z jej użyciem, gdyż stanowi inny rodzaj czynności seksualnej. Przemawiają za tym fizyczna bariera przed intymnością, inny stan psychiczny w trakcie współżycia wynikający z większego ryzyka ciąży i zarażenia chorobą weneryczną, różnica doznań fizycznych i waga przywiązywana do użycia prezerwatywy przez wiele osób. Stealthing wypełnia znamiona zgwałcenia z użyciem podstępu (art. 197 § 1 k.k.), ale pod warunkiem, że sprawca działał z podjętym z góry zamiarem. W przypadku decyzji podjętej w trakcie współżycia zdjęcie przezerwatywy będzie jedynie naruszeniem nietykalności cielesnej (art. 217 § 1 k.k.).
Identität. Die britische Neue Linke und die politischen Wurzeln eines umstrittenen
Konzepts
Authors: Ebke Almuth 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Der Begriff der „Identität“ ist spätestens seit den 1990er Jahren zu einer zentralen analytischen Kategorie der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften aufgestiegen. Der Aufsatz argumentiert, dass sich hier zwei Begriffstraditionen beobachten lassen: eine nach Differenz fragende und eher als politisch wahrgenommene kulturwissenschaftliche Auffassung von Identität sowie eine historische Perspektive, die sich stärker mit Fragen der nationalen Integration und des Zusammenhalts befasst. Dieses Verständnis von Identität wird heute weitgehend als unpolitisch wahrgenommen. Beide Traditionen sind jedoch in einem gemeinsamen, grundlegend politischen Wissenschaftsumfeld geprägt worden. Einflussreich waren hierbei die Debatten der britischen Neuen Linken der 1970er und 1980er Jahre. In diesem Netzwerk von Intellektuellen wurden anhand der Themen Nationalismus und „race“ Aspekte kollektiver und personaler Identifikation und Zugehörigkeit an konkreten politischen Anlässen verhandelt. Diese Debatten waren ein wichtiger Faktor dafür, dass sich die beiden unterschiedlichen wissenschaftlichen Verwendungen des Begriffes „Identität“ etablieren konnten. Beide Lesarten des Identitätsbegriffs entwickelten sich seit den 1980er Jahren international und fachübergreifend zu wichtigen Analysekategorien. In dieser Rezeption ging der historisch-britische Kontext der Begriffsprägung weitestgehend verloren. Durch die Analyse der konkreten Debatten, die zur Ausformung der verschiedenen Begriffstraditionen beigetragen haben, leistet der Artikel einen Beitrag zur Historisierung des wissenschaftlichen Konzepts der „Identität“.
CFD simulation on flow boiling in full scale 5 × 5 rod bundle
Authors: Ren Bing , Gan Fujun , Yang Ping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The paper presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology to model gas-liquid boiling flow in a full scale 5 × 5 rod bundle with spacer grid typical in Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) fuel rod bundle. The CFD modeling method is developed based on the STAR-CCM+ CFD code, including the Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model and the improved wall heat partitioning model. The OECD/NRC PWR Sub-channel and Bundle Tests (PSBT) are used as a numerical benchmark to assess the simulation quantitatively. The simulated geometry is a full scale of 5 × 5 fuel rod bundle with 17 spacers, including 7 mixing vane spacers (MV), 8 simple spacers (SS) and 2 non-mixing vane spacers (NMV). The present simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental results, the average error of the simulated cross-section void fraction is less than 20%. Based on the simulations, the axial distributions of second flow intensity, the rod surface temperature, bulk fluid temperature, and the void fraction are discussed. The results show that the spacer grid structures, especially the mixing vane, play an essential part in spreading the bubbles, reducing the void fraction and the rod surface temperature.
Childhood Anxiety - The Role of Parenting: A Review
Authors: Kaur Hargun , Modi Bianca , Morshed Mahira , Rodriguez Justine , Shen Nicole , Teller Nick 
Published: September 2022

This article intends to review the influences of parenting on the development of childhood anxiety disorders. The literature cites acceptance of anxious behaviours as a parental behaviour that mitigates childhood clinical anxiety. Alternatively, controlling parental behaviours, and modelling of controlling parental behaviours are associated with high clinical anxiety in children. Some parental climates that exaggerate a child’s psychological arousal may instill negative perceptions in the maintenance of an anxiety disorder. The article also looks into stress-mediated pathways that explain how an anxious familial climate may result in a child ‘inducing’ anxiety. Recent developmental psychopathology perspectives consider causal relationships in development, maintenance and persistence of anxiety disorders. Furthermore, the Craske model provides a real-life application of the developmental psychopathology perspective to explain the role of parenting in childhood anxiety. Current limitations and research gaps in the literature pertaining to the influences of parenting in childhood anxiety disorders are also discussed.
Tercer espacio en Santa María del Circo de David Toscana
Authors: González Fernández Héctor Francisco , Granados Reyes Nancy 
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo analiza el libro Santa María del Circo (1998) de David Toscana para establecer la relación entre el espacio y la inversión o indecibilidad de papeles, jerarquías y roles sexuales. Santa María del Circo puede considerarse un entre-lugar de acuerdo con Olalla Castro o un intersticio o un lugar liminal en consonancia con Homi K. Bhabha. Este no-espacio se convierte en un territorio donde se transgrede lo que Roland Barthes llamó sentido común y permite la expansión de los bordes de la cultura.
Identificaremos las estrategias de inversión, banalización y trivialización que rompen con los bordes de la cultura o el sentido común, pues lo que ajusta y especifica las conductas sociales se trastoca al grado de invertirse o entrar en contradicción para generar una sociedad dinámica que expande los bordes y acepta nuevas visiones del mundo.
Literatura en tiempos de pandemia del covid-19. Constelación y literatura transnacional como criterios para la construcción de un corpus
Authors: Puchmüller Andrea 
Published: September 2022

En el actual contexto de la pandemia causada por el Covid-19, la literatura no se ha mantenido al margen. Han surgido múltiples textos literarios que encallan las experiencias, subjetividades y aporías de la actual crisis. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo describir algunos criterios teórico-metodológicos a partir de los cuales seleccionar y conformar un corpus de textos literarios que nos permita analizar e interpretar las configuraciones del núcleo traumático de la pandemia del Covid-19. Se proponen dos criterios centrales: la literatura transnacional y la constelación. En primer lugar, se enmarca a la literatura de la pandemia en una perspectiva transnacional porque el intercambio, el tránsito y la movilidad de los textos se producen material y simbólicamente por medio de la WWW, convirtiéndose el ciberespacio en un espacio transnacional, en el que lo local y lo global se vuelven simbióticos. En segundo término, se propone la figura de la constelación (de génesis benjaminiana) como instrumento metodológico para la construcción de un corpus, ya que posibilita encontrar nexos entre textos que usualmente no se pensarían como próximos o vinculados, facilitando encuentros improbables de textos entre culturas.
Palabras clave: pandemia del covid-19, configuración, literatura transnacional, constelación.