bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SSIKG: A framework for spatial‐semantic integrated indoor knowledge graph construction
Authors: Park Seula , Lee Youngmin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe demand for place retrieval and route guidance services of indoor environments has increased owing to the extensive development of large complexes. In comparison to increasingly customizable and diversified general place retrieval services, indoor place‐related services currently offer few features. Existing knowledge graphs mostly deal with limited spatial context based on geographic location, and hence do not cover indoor environments. In this study, we propose a framework for a Spatial‐Semantic integrated Indoor Knowledge Graph (SSIKG) as a multi‐layered model of the indoor environment. The spatial layer involves knowledge of navigable paths by preserving network‐based topological relationships between places. Concurrently, the semantic layer expresses features from an end‐user perspective. To assess framework utility, place retrieval tests with resulting graphs were performed for six practical use cases, returning lists of the places and their corresponding optimal paths. Finally, the results were reviewed in terms of spatial inference and expansion of our graphs.
Dispersion of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA across a wastewater treatment plant and its workers
Authors: Isanovic Mirza , Correa Velez Karlen E. , Norman R. Sean 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWithin urban and suburban sewersheds, SARS‐CoV‐2 released through faeces is transported through sewage systems into municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Studies have shown that viral RNA is detectable in untreated wastewater but not in WWTP effluent. In this study, we investigated treatment steps between the influent and final treated effluent to identify the point at which viral RNA is below detection. Additionally, we examined air surrounding high turbulence treatment steps to test for the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in WWTP‐generated bioaerosols. To examine potential worker exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2, WWTP workers were tested for the presence of viral RNA. The data show that despite high viral RNA concentration in the influent, SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA concentration decreased significantly (p < 0.02) in the main treatment steps and was below detection in the effluent. Additionally, SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was below detection in air samples (n = 42), and the worker rate of infection was not significantly different (p = 0.99) from the rate of infection in the surrounding community. These results suggest that WWTP workers may have minimal exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2 during routine outdoor work procedures and that the WWTP successfully reduces the amount of viral RNA entering effluent receiving waters, providing a vital public health service to communities.
A multi‐jurisdictional outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium infections linked to backyard poultry—Australia, 2020
Authors: Laidlow Troy A. , Stafford Russell , Jennison Amy V. , Bell Robert , Graham Rikki , Graham Trudy , Musgrave Natasha , Myerson Mark , Kung Nina , Crook Allison , Wang Qinning , Richards Alun , Lambert Stephen B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractZoonotic salmonellosis can occur either through direct contact with an infected animal or through indirect contact, such as exposure to an infected animal's contaminated environment. Between May and August 2020, a multi‐jurisdictional outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium (STm) infection due to zoonotic transmission was investigated in Australia. In total, 38 outbreak cases of STm with a median age of 5 years were reported. Epidemiological investigation showed contact with live poultry to be a common risk factor with most cases recently purchasing one‐week old chicks from produce/pet stores. Traceback investigation of cases identified 25 product/pet stores of which 18 were linked to a single poultry breeder farm. On farm environmental sampling identified the same STm genotype as identified in cases. Whole genome sequencing of both environmental and human outbreak isolates found them to be highly related by phylogenetic analysis. This investigation describes the first documented widespread zoonotic salmonellosis outbreak in Australia attributed to backyard poultry exposure and identified potential risk factors and prevention and control measures for future outbreaks. Prevention of future outbreaks will require an integrated One Health approach involving the poultry industry, produce/pet store owners, animal healthcare providers, public health and veterinary health agencies and the public.
Functional Requirements of Software Tools for Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing for Metals
Authors: Feng Shaw C. , Moges Tesfaye , Park Hyunseop , Yakout Mostafa , Jones Albert T. , Ko Hyunwoong , Witherell Paul 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) for metals is rapidly transitioning to an accepted production technology, which has led to increasing demands for data analysis and software tools. The performance of laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M), a common metal AM process, depends on the accuracy of data analysis. Advances in data acquisition and analysis are being propelled by an increase in new types of in situ sensors and ex situ measurement devices. Measurements taken with these sensors and devices rapidly increase the volume, variety, and value of PBF-LB/M data but decrease the veracity of that data simultaneously. The number of new, data-driven software tools capable of analyzing, modeling, simulating, integrating, and managing that data is also increasing; however, the capabilities and accessibility of these tools vary greatly. Issues associated with these software tools are impacting the ability to manage and control PBF-LB/M processes and qualify the resulting parts. This paper investigates and summarizes the available software tools and their capabilities. Findings are then used to help derive a set of functional requirements for tools that are mapped to PBF-LB/M lifecycle activities. The activities include product design, design analysis, process planning, process monitoring, process modeling, process simulation, and production management. PBF-LB/M users can benefit from tools implementing these functional requirements implemented by (1) shortening the lead time of developing these capabilities, (2) adopting emerging, state-of-the-art, PBF-LB/M data and data analytics methods, and (3) enhancing the previously mentioned AM product lifecycle activities.
Development of Mathematical Model and Characterization of Internal Surface Obtained by Elasto-Abrasives Magneto-Spiral Finishing (EAMSF)
Authors: Yadav Shivam , Sangoi Amit , Pawade Raju 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The implantation of stents and instruments with capillary action demands super-finished internal surfaces of the manufactured product. Elasto-abrasives magneto-spiral finishing (EAMSF) is the attempt made in this paper to enhance finishing productivity by incorporating the abrasive flow in spiral motion due to the presence of the magnetic field. Here, novel impregnated elasto-magnetic abrasive particles (IMPs) are used in a magnetic field-assisted environment to polish the inner walls of the workpiece. In EAMSF, magnetic force provides excess finishing pressure to the abrasives. In contrast, the high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) elasticity absorbs the extra force of the IMPs on the finishing surface. An Indigenous mathematical relation considering the physics of this superfinishing process indicating material removal shows a close resemblance to the experimental results with an error percentage of 1.03 has been developed. The results of the experimentation reveal that 50% concentration of abrasives and a magnetic field density of 18mT yield a superior surface finish with a Ra value equal to 0.053 µm and maximum material removal of 6.9 mg, while in the absence of a magnetic field, excellent surface finish with a Ra = 0.266 µm and maximum material removal of 5.4 mg is achieved. In the presence of magnetic field density, significant enhancement of material removal, surface finish, and burr removal is observed. Finishing the surface at 50% abrasive concentration with a magnetic field represents regular finishing, and the trench marks on the original surface are removed after finishing.
A Sequential Sampling Approach for Multi-Fidelity Surrogate Modeling-Based Robust Design Optimization
Authors: Lin Quan , Zhou Qi , Hu Jiexiang , Cheng Yuansheng , Hu Zhen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Multi-fidelity surrogate modeling has been extensively used in engineering design to achieve a balance between computational efficiency and prediction accuracy. Sequential sampling strategies have been investigated to improve the computational efficiency of surrogate-assisted design optimization. The existing sequential sampling approaches, however, are dedicated to either deterministic multi-fidelity design optimization or robust design under uncertainty using single-fidelity models. This paper proposes a sequential sampling method for robust design optimization based on multi-fidelity modeling. The proposed method considers both design variable uncertainty and interpolation uncertainty during the sequential sampling. An extended upper confidence boundary (EUCB) function is developed to determine both the sampling locations and the fidelity levels of the sequential samples. In the EUCB function, the cost ratio between high- and low-fidelity models and the sampling density are considered. Moreover, the EUCB function is extended to handle constrained robust design optimization problems by combining the probability of feasibility. The performance of the proposed approach is verified using two analytical examples and an engineering case. Results show that the proposed sequential approach is more efficient than the one-shot sampling method for robust design optimization problems.
Charting current evidence on the health and non-health benefits and equity impacts of pandemic/epidemic individual-level economic relief programmes: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Ogunbameru Adeteju , Perryman Adrianna , Gebretekle Gebremedhin Beedemariam , Farrell Ashley , Sander Beate 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionThe emergence of a regional or global scale infectious disease outbreak often requires the implementation of economic relief programmes in affected jurisdictions to sustain societal welfare and, presumably, population health. While economic relief programmes are considered essential during a regional or global health crisis, there is no clear consensus in the literature about their health and non-health benefits and their impact on promoting equity. Thus, our objective is to map the current state of the literature with respect to the types of individual-level economic relief programmes implemented during infectious disease outbreaks and the impact of these programmes on the effectiveness of public health measures, individual and population health, non-health benefits and equity.Methods and analysisOur scoping review is guided by the updated Arksey and O’Malley scoping review framework. Eligible studies will be identified in eight electronic databases and grey literature using text words and subject headings of the different pandemic and epidemic infectious diseases that have occurred, and economic relief programmes. Title and abstract screening and full-text screening will be conducted independently by two trained study reviewers. Data will be extracted using a pretested data extraction form. The charting of the key findings will follow a thematic narrative approach. Our review findings will provide in-depth knowledge on whether and how benefits associated with pandemic/epidemic individual-level economic relief programmes differ across social determinants of health factors.This information is critical for decision-makers as they seek to understand the role of pandemic/epidemic economic mitigation strategies to mitigate the health impact and reduce inequity gap.Ethics and disseminationSince the scoping review methodology aims to synthesise evidence from literature, this review does not require ethical approval. Findings of our review will be disseminated to health stakeholders at policy meetings and conferences; published in a peer-review scientific journal; and disseminated on various social media platforms.
Experiences and outcomes of Gypsy, Roma and Traveller women in pregnancy: a scoping review protocol
Authors: O’Brien Maggie , Dempsey Brendan , Higgins Mary 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionGypsy, Roma and Traveller communities are subjected to a specific form of racism fuelled by deep-seated prejudice and stereotypes. These groups have historically been the victims of school segregation, forced assimilation policies, hate speech and hate crimes.Persecution and displacement have resulted in high rates of unemployment, reduced access to education and poorer health in general, which places these groups at significantly increased risk of poverty. In pregnancy, they are at increased risk of adverse obstetric outcomes. There is a gap in the literature surrounding the experiences and outcomes of pregnant women within this group. A scoping review was chosen as the appropriate methodology to identify what is known about the experiences and outcomes of pregnant women in these communities.Methods and AnalysisThe Levac et al guideline on conducting a scoping review will be followed. This six-step approach includes identification of the research question, identification of relevant studies, selection of studies, charting of data, summary of results and consultation with experiential experts. A comprehensive search of the following electronic databases from 1980 to 2021 will be conducted: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science. Relevant grey literature and reference lists will also be searched. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) tool will be used.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was not required for this protocol as all literature within this scoping review are publicly available. To facilitate dissemination of findings, the research team will present the findings to key stakeholders working with Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities.
Effectiveness of physical activity counselling provided for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary healthcare in North Karelia, Finland: a register-based evaluation study
Authors: Martiskainen Tuula Marketta , Lamidi Marja-Leena , Venojärvi Mika , Tikkanen Heikki , Laatikainen Tiina 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesPhysical activity (PA) plays a significant role in the treatment of type two diabetes (T2D). This study evaluated the effectiveness of PA counselling in primary healthcare (PHC) on clinical outcome measures in patients with T2D, comparing them with a registry-based controls.SettingThe study was carried out in North Karelia, Finland, among PHC clients who have been diagnosed with T2D in 2016–2018.ParticipantsThe study population consisted of patients aged 19–87 years diagnosed with T2D (n=1803). Altogether 546 patients were referred to the PA educator of whom 521 participated the counselling. In totally 1382 sex, age, time of diagnosis and intervention time-matched controls were used to see the effect of intervention.InterventionsPatients with T2D followed up in PHC were offered to participate in PA counselling provided by trained PA educators. The number of counselling sessions and their content were tailored according to patients needs and willingness to participate. To assess the effects of PA to management of T2D clinical outcome measures such as weight and Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lipid levels were assessed using data from electronic patient records. Each patient was followed up from records at least for a year.ResultsWeight and body mass index (BMI) decreased in both groups and mean yearly changes did not differ between the groups. HbA1c levels declined in the intervention and increased in the control group with statistically significant difference in the mean yearly change between the groups (p=0.001). The low-density lipoprotein declined in both groups. The decline was bigger in the intervention group, but the difference did not quite reach the statistical significance (p=0.096).ConclusionsThis study shows that PA counselling in PHC offers significant benefits in the treatment outcomes of T2D although no significant declines were not observed in the weight or BMI.
Frailty in COPD: an analysis of prevalence and clinical impact using UK Biobank
Authors: Hanlon Peter , Lewsey James , Quint Jennifer K , Jani Bhautesh D , Nicholl Barbara I , McAllister David A , Mair Frances S 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundFrailty, a state of reduced physiological reserve, is common in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Frailty can occur at any age; however, the implications in younger people (eg, aged <65 years) with COPD are unclear. We assessed the prevalence of frailty in UK Biobank participants with COPD; explored relationships between frailty and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and quantified the association between frailty and adverse outcomes.MethodsUK Biobank participants (n=3132, recruited 2006–2010) with COPD aged 40–70 years were analysed comparing two frailty measures (frailty phenotype and frailty index) at baseline. Relationship with FEV1 was assessed for each measure. Outcomes were mortality, major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), all-cause hospitalisation, hospitalisation with COPD exacerbation and community COPD exacerbation over 8 years of follow-up.ResultsFrailty was common by both definitions (17% frail using frailty phenotype, 28% moderate and 4% severely frail using frailty index). The frailty phenotype, but not the frailty index, was associated with lower FEV1. Frailty phenotype (frail vs robust) was associated with mortality (HR 2.33; 95% CI 1.84 to 2.96), MACE (2.73; 1.66 to 4.49), hospitalisation (incidence rate ratio 3.39; 2.77 to 4.14) hospitalised exacerbation (5.19; 3.80 to 7.09) and community exacerbation (2.15; 1.81 to 2.54), as was frailty index (severe vs robust) (mortality (2.65; 95% CI 1.75 to 4.02), MACE (6.76; 2.68 to 17.04), hospitalisation (3.69; 2.52 to 5.42), hospitalised exacerbation (4.26; 2.37 to 7.68) and community exacerbation (2.39; 1.74 to 3.28)). These relationships were similar before and after adjustment for FEV1.ConclusionFrailty, regardless of age or measure, identifies people with COPD at risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Frailty assessment may aid risk stratification and guide-targeted intervention in COPD and should not be limited to people aged >65 years.
Genetic variation inTERTmodifies the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in alcohol-related cirrhosis: results from a genome-wide case-control study
Authors: Buch Stephan , Innes Hamish , Lutz Philipp Ludwig , Nischalke Hans Dieter , Marquardt Jens U , Fischer Janett , Weiss Karl Heinz , Rosendahl Jonas , Marot Astrid , Krawczyk Marcin , Casper Markus , Lammert Frank , Eyer Florian , Vogel Arndt , Marhenke Silke , von Felden Johann , Sharma Rohini , Atkinson Stephen Rahul , McQuillin Andrew , Nattermann Jacob , Schafmayer Clemens , Franke Andre , Strassburg Christian , Rietschel Marcella , Altmann Heidi , Sulk Stefan , Thangapandi Veera Raghavan , Brosch Mario , Lackner Carolin , Stauber Rudolf E , Canbay Ali , Link Alexander , Reiberger Thomas , Mandorfer Mattias , Semmler Georg , Scheiner Bernhard , Datz Christian , Romeo Stefano , Ginanni Corradini Stefano , Irving William Lucien , Morling Joanne R , Guha Indra Neil , Barnes Eleanor , Ansari M Azim , Quistrebert Jocelyn , Valenti Luca , Müller Sascha A , Morgan Marsha Yvonne , Dufour Jean-François , Trebicka Jonel , Berg Thomas , Deltenre Pierre , Mueller Sebastian , Hampe Jochen , Stickel Felix 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often develops in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis at an annual risk of up to 2.5%. Some host genetic risk factors have been identified but do not account for the majority of the variance in occurrence. This study aimed to identify novel susceptibility loci for the development of HCC in people with alcohol related cirrhosis.DesignPatients with alcohol-related cirrhosis and HCC (cases: n=1214) and controls without HCC (n=1866), recruited from Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy and the UK, were included in a two-stage genome-wide association study using a case–control design. A validation cohort of 1520 people misusing alcohol but with no evidence of liver disease was included to control for possible association effects with alcohol misuse. Genotyping was performed using the InfiniumGlobal Screening Array (V.24v2, Illumina) and the OmniExpress Array (V.24v1-0a, Illumina).ResultsAssociations with variants rs738409 inPNPLA3and rs58542926 inTM6SF2previously associated with an increased risk of HCC in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis were confirmed at genome-wide significance. A novel locus rs2242652(A) inTERT(telomerase reverse transcriptase) was also associated with a decreased risk of HCC, in the combined meta-analysis, at genome-wide significance (p=6.41×10−9, OR=0.61 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.70). This protective association remained significant after correction for sex, age, body mass index and type 2 diabetes (p=7.94×10−5, OR=0.63 (95% CI 0.50 to 0.79). Carriage of rs2242652(A) inTERTwas associated with an increased leucocyte telomere length (p=2.12×10−44).ConclusionThis study identifies rs2242652 inTERTas a novel protective factor for HCC in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis.
Ultralow-frequency seismic sounding of railway subgrade state by passing trains
Authors: Antonovskaya Galina N. , Orlova Irina P. , Kapustian Natalia K. 
Published: July 2022

The degradation of the railway subgrade is a common cause for train accidents in Russia because of the extensive railway system and large areas of weak soils. We present a seismic monitoring technique that utilizes moving trains as signal sources to probe the properties of the subgrade. The broadband (periods up to 100 s) seismic sensors recorded signals over several weeks during a nonstop monitoring experiment. The large statistic allows us to identify the signals properties, and thus these signals are processed by an automated system. We defined the parameters of the low-frequency signal generated by a passing train that are sensitive to changes in the subgrade state. These are the ratio of amplitudes of horizontal components, and the time interval between the end of the train passage and the maximum amplitude surge in the component transversal to rails. We propose an analytical model to describe the interaction between a moving train and the subgrade that takes into consideration the viscosity of a substrate layer. The application of this model produces a consistent explanation of processes in the media and enables an “in situ” estimation of soil elasticity and viscosity, caused by seasonal thawing.