bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planetesimal Dynamics in the Presence of a Giant Planet. II. Dependence on Planet Mass and Eccentricity
Authors: Guo Kangrou , Kokubo Eiichiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The presence of an early-formed giant planet in the protoplanetary disk has mixed influence on the growth of other planetary embryos. Gravitational perturbation from the planet can increase the relative velocities of planetesimals at the mean motion resonances to very high values and impede accretion at those locations. However, gas drag can also align the orbital pericenters of equal-size planetesimals in certain disk locations and make them dynamically quiet and “accretion-friendly” locations for planetesimals of similar sizes. Following the previous paper, where we investigated the effect of a Jupiter-like planet on an external planetesimal disk, we generalize our findings to extrasolar planetary systems by varying the planet parameters. In particular, we focus on the dependence of the planetesimal relative velocities on the mass and eccentricity of the existing planet. We found that the velocity dispersion of identical-mass particles increases monotonically with increasing planet mass. Meanwhile, the dependence of the relative velocity between different-mass planetesimals on their mass ratio becomes weaker as the planet mass increases. While the relative velocities generally increase with increasing planet eccentricity, the velocity dispersion of lower-mass particles (m ≲ 1018 g) is almost independent of planet eccentricity owing to their strong coupling to gas. We find that the erosion limits are met for a wider range of parameters (planet mass/eccentricity, planetesimal mass ratio) when the planetesimal size decreases. Our results could provide some clues for the formation of Saturn’s core, as well as the architecture of some exoplanetary systems with multiple cold giant planets.
A Spatially Resolved Study of Hard X-Ray Emission in Kepler’s Supernova Remnant: Indications of Different Regimes of Particle Acceleration
Authors: Sapienza Vincenzo , Miceli Marco , Bamba Aya , Katsuda Satoru , Nagayoshi Tsutomu , Terada Yukikatsu , Bocchino Fabrizio , Orlando Salvatore , Peres Giovanni 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Synchrotron X-ray emission in young supernova remnants (SNRs) is a powerful diagnostic tool to study the population of high-energy electrons accelerated at the shock front and the acceleration process. We performed a spatially resolved spectral analysis of NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations of the young Kepler’s SNR, aiming to study in detail its nonthermal emission in hard X-rays. We selected a set of regions all around the rim of the shell and extracted the corresponding spectra. The spectra were analyzed by adopting a model of synchrotron radiation in the loss-limited regime, to constrain the dependence of the cutoff energy of the synchrotron radiation on the shock velocity. We identify two different regimes of particle acceleration, characterized by different Bohm factors. In the north, where the shock interacts with a dense circumstellar medium (CSM), we found a more efficient acceleration than in the south, where the shock velocity is higher and there are no signs of shock interaction with the dense CSM. Our results suggest an enhanced efficiency of the acceleration process in regions where the shock–CSM interaction generates an amplified and turbulent magnetic field. By combining hard X-ray spectra with radio and γ-ray observations of Kepler’s SNR, we modeled the spectral energy distribution. In the light of our results we propose that the observed γ-ray emission is mainly hadronic and originates in the northern part of the shell.
Properties of the Lowest-metallicity Galaxies over the Redshift Range z = 0.2 to z = 1
Authors: Laseter Isaac H. , Barger Amy J. , Cowie Lennox L. , Taylor Anthony J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Low-metallicity galaxies may provide key insights into the evolutionary history of galaxies. Galaxies with strong emission lines and high equivalent widths (rest-frame EW(Hβ) ≳ 30 Å) are ideal candidates for the lowest-metallicity galaxies to z ∼ 1. Using a Keck/DEIMOS spectral database of about 18,000 galaxies between z = 0.2 and z = 1, we search for such extreme emission-line galaxies with the goal of determining their metallicities. Using the robust direct T

e
method, we identify eight new extremely metal-poor galaxies (XMPGs) with

12
+
log

O/H ≤7.65, including one at 6.949 ± 0.091, making it the lowest-metallicity galaxy reported to date at these redshifts. We also improve upon the metallicities for two other XMPGs from previous work. We investigate the evolution of Hβ using both instantaneous and continuous starburst models, finding that XMPGs are best characterized by continuous starburst models. Finally, we study the dependence on age of the buildup of metals and the emission-line strength.
A New Method of Fluxgate Magnetometer Offset Vector Determination in the Solar Wind Using Any Magnetic Field Variations
Authors: Wang Guoqiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In-depth study of dynamic processes in the astrophysical plasma environment relies on high-precision measurement of the magnetic field. Fluxgate magnetometers (FGMs) are commonly used on spacecraft to measure the magnetic field. However, their zero offsets vary slowly with time, and therefore need regularly in-flight calibration. Traditional methods of calculating the zero offset are based on properties of Alfvén waves, mirror mode structures, or current sheets. Here, we develop a new method of calculating the zero offset using any interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) variations. We create an offset cube according to the possible range of the IMF strength. The average values of B
L for the IMF variation events approximately obey the normal distribution if there are enough events, where B
L is the magnetic field in the maximum variance direction. Any constant vector added to the natural magnetic field data of the events will make the standard deviation of the normal distribution larger. Thereby, the point is determined to be the zero offset so that the corresponding standard deviation at this point is the minimum in the offset cube. Our test results show that this method has a 95.5% probability of obtaining the zero offset with an error of less than 0.3 nT when 10–21 hr of data are used. Our method provides an option for the in-flight calibration of the spaceborne FGM in the solar wind when there are not enough Alfvén waves, mirror modes, or current sheets.
The Effectiveness of Bisphosphonate to Reduce Pain in Lung Cancer Patients with Bone Metastasis
Authors: Soeroso Noni Novisari , Panggabean Freddy , Tarigan Setia Putra , Zaluchu Fotarisman , Ananda Fannie Rizki 
Published: August 2022

Background: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are commonly used as supportive therapy to prevent skeletal-related events in lung cancer patients with bone metastasis, including severe bone pain, hypercalcemia, and pathological fractures. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of bisphosphonate therapy to reduce pain in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with bone metastasis.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried on 38 patients diagnosed with lung cancer based on cytology or histopathology findings. Radiological examination such as thoracic CT scan, bone survey, and bone scan was performed to determine bone metastasis. Multimodality therapy is carried out for lung cancer palliative therapy including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and bisphosphonate therapy (zoledronic acid and ibandronate) as supportive therapy to reducing cancer pain. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) determined by patients themselves. Statistical tests were performed by paired T-test in which p< 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: As many as 38 patients enrolled in this study consisting of 29 men (76.3%) and 9 women (23.7%). The subtype of adenocarcinoma was mostly found in 31 cases (81.58%) and 7 cases (18.42%) was Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer pain was found in all patients. Measurement of pain prior to treatment showed that most patients had VAS level of 7-10. After bisphosphonate therapy, the VAS level significantly decreased to 1-3 (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Bisphosphonate therapy was proven to effectively decrease the severity level of cancer pain in lung cancer patients with bone metastasis.
Demonstration of the New IPNI (International Plant Names Index) Registration System
Authors: Wrankmore Emma , Krieger Jonathan , Govaerts Rafaël , Hartley Helen 
Published: August 2022

Registration systems have long been in place for names of plant cultivars, fungi, prokaryotes and animals, and more recently for algae (Müller et al. 2022). Yet, despite previous attempts, nothing has become established for vascular plants. The newly released International Plant Names Index (IPNI) registration system aims to address this. We will be demonstrating that this new system can be used to register vascular plant names that are new to science, in addition to names that have been validly published but are not yet in IPNI (The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew et al. 2022). We will show the different options that are available and explain how we validate the data and ensure its integrity. The demonstration will also focus on the standards we use, and how these are maintained.
The new registration system will allow resources to be used more efficiently and give scientists more control over how and when the names they publish are entered into IPNI and made available for users worldwide. Without registration, indexers must manually check scientific publications from around the world (both hard copy and online) to find newly published names. Registration will release time for indexers to spend on improving data quality, resolving nomenclatural issues, adding missing names, and ensuring IPNI complies with existing and future data standards. The current project is working to ensure that the registration system has a wide uptake to maximise these benefits.
Bootstrapping a Biodiversity Knowledge Graph
Authors: Page Roderic 
Published: August 2022

The "biodiversity knowledge graph" is a nice metaphor for connecting biodiversity data sources, but can we actually build it? Do we have sufficient linked data available? Given that a knowledge graph is an aggregation of data from multiple sources, how do we give those sources credit for that data, and how do we handle changes to that data? Given that the classic interface to a knowledge graph is an intimidatingly empty SPARQL query box, how do we make the knowledge within a graph more accessible?
This talk discusses an attempt to build a knowledge graph with an eye on how to maintain the graph in the future. It adopts a model similar to Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and CheckListBank where individual data providers make datasets available as independently citable units with Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs). Each dataset comprises linked data in the form of N-triples. To create a knowledge graph we simply download one or more such datasets and add them to a triple store. Each data source is assigned to its own named graph, such that we have provenance for each dataset, and we can update any dataset independently. Furthermore, anyone can build their own knowledge graph by mixing and matching the set of data (people, publications, taxa, etc.) most appropriate to their interests.
To bootstrap this approach, exemplar datasets are created based on data harvested from ORCID, Zenodo, and taxonomic name databases. Each demonstration dataset could be replaced in the future by data published directly by those providers. In some cases there are sufficient shared identifiers (such as DOIs and ORCIDs) to form a graph, but taxonomic data typically forms isolated islands. To help the knowledge graph coalesce we need "glue" in the form of datasets that link pairs of different identifiers, such as Life Science Identifiers (LSIDs) for names to DOIs for publications. With the addition of those cross links we can start to generate bibliographies for taxa, discover communities of taxonomic expertise, and more. This model of building a knowledge graph also opens opportunities for smaller, focussed datasets to be added to the graph using the same approach (as set of N-triples archived in an online repository).
In order to be useful, a knowledge graph needs to be easy to query and visualise. Simply providing a SPARQL endpoint is unlikely to be enough. As part of this project, I developed a GraphQL interface to the knowledge graph to provide a set of standard queries that can support a simple web interface to the graph. This provides a way to explore the graph as it is being developed, which in turn can highlight gaps in connectivity and coverage that need to be addressed.
Les socialistes et la ville
Authors: Moret Frédéric 
Published: August 2022

L’acuité de la crise urbaine dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle est à l’origine d’une large réflexion émanant des classes dirigeantes contemporaines. À côté des universitaires, des philanthropes, des hygienistes, les socialistes britanniques et français se sont penchés sur les effets sociaux de l’industrialisation dressant un portrait sans complaisance de la société urbaine de ce temps. Leur analyse du fait urbain, qui reprend les discours contemporains, est au cœur de l’élaboration de leurs différents systèmes sociaux. Ils se fixent pour objectif de résoudre et de dépasser les contradictions d’un monde qui leur paraît – dans une période qui pourtant est celle de l’émergence de la société industrielle – se situer au crépuscule de son existence.
La ville, symptôme de dérèglement, est ainsi présentée comme le repoussoir, l’antithèse du modèle harmonieux que construisent Fourier en France, Owen et ses disciples en Grande-Bretagne. Le « village of Unity and Mutual Cooperation » et le phalanstère se situent en milieu rural, à l’écart de toute agglomération. Pourtant, leur forme et leurs fonctions sont marquées de références urbaines. Progressivement, dans les milieux socialistes français, la contradiction entre un discours résolument anti-urbain et la réalité sociale et culturelle des individus et des groupes influencés par ces idées constitue un frein au développement du mouvement. La fuite de la ville, la résolution du problème social par la construction ex nihilo d’une société nouvelle – qu’il est facile de qualifier d’utopiste – ne satisfont plus des socialistes qui réinvestissent la ville de leur désir et de leur projet. Cette prise en compte du fait urbain s’accompagne d’une attention nouvelle au politique, mais aussi à l’histoire, et conduit le mouvement fouriériste, conduit par Victor Considerant après la mort du fondateur, à intégrer les rangs de la gauche républicaine en 1848. Son sort sera lié à celui de la Montagne. Au contraire, le refus d’une évolution semblable chez Owen aboutit à une sclérose du mouvement et à sa progressive perte d’influence.
Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Ventricular Systolic Function in Postoperative Tetralogy of Fallot Patients with Special Emphasis on Right Ventricular-Global Longitudinal Strain
Authors: Kidwai Mohammad Moaaz , Azad Sushil , Radhakrishnan Sitaraman , Garg Ankit , Yadav Shashikapoor , Kumar Amit 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Limitations of echocardiography have long been known for the assessment of right ventricular (RV) systolic function in postoperative tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients. In this study, we evaluated the role of RV-global longitudinal strain (GLS) for the assessment of RV systolic function.

Materials and Methods:
It was a single institution prospective observational study of ninety postoperative TOF patients. Detailed 2-dimensional echocardiography along with RV-GLS using speckle tracing imaging was done at baseline and after 1 year. The children were divided into three groups based on duration since total correction, i.e., group A (6 months to 5 years), group B (6–10 years), and group C (>10 years) to assess the differences in RV systolic function. Furthermore, correlation of RV-GLS with RV-fractional area change (FAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and tricuspid valve tissue Doppler imaging s' velocity was done.

Results:
In group A patients, a statistically significant increase in RV systolic function was seen over a period of 1 year. However, in group B and C patients, no significant change was seen. There was a strong positive correlation of RV-GLS only with RV-FAC during the first follow-up (r = 0.41, P < 0.01) and second follow-up periods (r = 0.67, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
RV-GLS has a strong positive correlation with RV-FAC, and it detects preclinical regional myocardial dysfunction even when the RV-FAC is normal and thus must be included in the evaluation of postoperative TOF children.
Utilizing the Robson 10-Group Classification System as an Audit Tool in Assessing the Soaring Caesarean Section Rates in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Bello Oluwasomidoyin Olukemi , Agboola Adebayo Damilola 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The caesarean section (CS) is the most common operation performed globally with increased incidence worldwide.

Aim and Objectives:
Using the Robson 10-Group Classification System (RTGCS), we aimed to identify women who were the main contributors to the high CS rate (CSR) over a 3-year period at a foremost tertiary health facility.

Settings:
This study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This study is a retrospective study of all women who delivered by CS at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria from January 2017 to December 2019. Data were obtained using a structured proforma and women were categorized according to the RTGCS. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean) carried out were presented in tables.

Results:
The CSR was 46.9%. Women in Group 5 (parous women >37 weeks with previous CS and a single foetus in cephalic presentation), Group 1 (nulliparous women >37 weeks with a single foetus in cephalic presentation and spontaneous labour), and Group 10 (women <37 weeks with a single foetus in cephalic presentation) were major contributors to the CSR, with 30.9%, 17.7%, and 13.7%, respectively. Stillbirth rates were highest in Groups 10 (30.3%), 3 (24.4%), and 8 (16.8%). Apgar score <7 at the 5th minute was highest in Groups 5 (29.7%), 10 (17%), and 1 (16.6%).

Conclusion:
In a bid to reduce caesarean deliveries, efforts should focus on increasing the proportion of vaginal deliveries in these identified groups, especially in women with a history of one CS.
Relationship Between the Computed Tomographic Volumetry of the Eyeballs and Lacrimal Glands in a Nigerian Population
Authors: Idowu Bukunmi Michael , Onigbinde Stephen Olaoluwa , Chen Allen Li , Hughes Jordan B. , Awe Oluwaseun Olaniyi , Adedigba Joseph Adetola 
Published: August 2022

Aim:
The aim of this article was to obtain measurements of the eyeballs/globes and lacrimal glands in normal subjects using cranial computed tomography (CT) scan. Understanding the normative approximations of these measurements could help in diagnosing and evaluating orbito-ocular pathologies.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study examined 220 globes/eyeballs and 220 lacrimal glands of 110 consecutive participants. The eyeball volume was calculated using both the ellipsoid and spherical formulas, whereas lacrimal gland volume was approximated using the ellipsoid formula only.

Results:
The mean age of the subjects was 51.18 ± 14.85 years and ranged from 22 to 85 years. The study population was 53.6% male (n = 59) and 46.3% female (n = 51). The mean volumes of all globes in this study were 5.82 ± 0.77 and 5.98 ± 0.75 cm3 using the ellipsoid and spherical formulae, respectively. The mean volume of all lacrimal glands was 0.42 ± 0.14 cm3 using the ellipsoid formula. The mean globe volumes using the ellipsoid and spherical formulae (6.02 ± 0.84 and 6.02 ± 0.84 cm3) in males were significantly larger than the corresponding mean globe volumes in females (5.59 ± 0.62 and 5.80 ± 0.65 cm3) (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference between the lacrimal gland volumes of males (0.42 ± 0.14 cm3) and females (0.42 ± 0.14 cm3) (P = 0.84).

Conclusion:
Males have larger eyeball/globe volumes than females. Eyeball and lacrimal gland volumes did not correlate significantly. Eyeball volume showed an inverse relationship with age. Age did not affect lacrimal gland volume.
The Physical and Sensory Qualities of ‘Lakatan’ Banana (Musa acuminata) in Response to Different Natural Ripening Agents
Authors: Sampiano Karl Fritze Sibay , Durban April Jeanne E. 
Published: August 2022

‘Lakatan’ banana is amongst the most important banana varieties in the Philippines. This variety of bananas is widely known and cultivated due to its good sensory qualities and potential for the export market. Locally, ‘Lakatan’ banana is ripened by retailers through the use of calcium carbide and/or ethephon. However, these ethylene-producing chemicals were reported to cause poisoning and alter the fruit's taste. This study is designed to investigate the effects of natural ripening agents such as plant leaves on the ripening qualities and sensory attributes of ‘Lakatan’ banana under room conditions. The result results revealed that C. muconoides and F. septica significantly induced faster ripening of banana as compared to other treatments. Additionally, the disease severity of ‘Lakatan’ banana was lower in both leaves as compared to other treatments. On the other hand, bananas treated with C. muconoides, F. septica, and A. carambola leaves were found to have a longer marketable days. In terms of sensory quality, fruits treated with C. mucunoides, G. sepium, and A. carambola leaves were found to have high sensory acceptability. The results have concluded that leaves of C. muconoides, F. septica, G. sepium and A. carambola have great potential in ripening climacteric fruits like bananas, and these leaves are good substitutes for chemical ripening agents. The research highlights the need for further studies on the biological sources of ethylene to understand its advantages, including its limitations.
EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN REFOCUSING KEGIATAN PENANGANAN COVID-19
Authors: Nurron Ona Martha , Rusli Budiman , Buchari Ahmad 
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui proses pelaksanaan kebijakan refocusing kegiatan, manfaat dari pelaksanaan kebijakan tersebut sudah tepat sasaran, kendala atau permasalahan yang dihadapi, dan tindak lanjut yang dilakukan. Metode penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Implementasi kebijakan refocusing kegiatan penanggulangan penanganan Covid-19 dilaksanakan secara patuh dan konsisten, dengan menghasilkan temuan atau inovasi. Pemerintah perlu membuat kebijakan atau program yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif, terutama dalam menghasilkan inovasi