bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of arbitrage opportunities in multi-asset derivatives markets
Authors: Papapantoleon Antonis , Yanez Sarmiento Paulo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We are interested in the existence of equivalent martingale measures and the detection of arbitrage opportunities in markets where several multi-asset derivatives are traded simultaneously. More specifically, we consider a financial market with multiple traded assets whose marginal risk-neutral distributions are known, and assume that several derivatives written on these assets are traded simultaneously. In this setting, there is a bijection between the existence of an equivalent martingale measure and the existence of a copula that couples these marginals. Using this bijection and recent results on improved Fréchet–Hoeffding bounds in the presence of additional information on functionals of a copula by [18], we can extend the results of [33] on the detection of arbitrage opportunities to the general multi-dimensional case. More specifically, we derive sufficient conditions for the absence of arbitrage and formulate an optimization problem for the detection of a possible arbitrage opportunity. This problem can be solved efficiently using numerical optimization routines. The most interesting practical outcome is the following: we can construct a financial market where each multi-asset derivative is traded within its own no-arbitrage interval, and yet when considered together an arbitrage opportunity may arise.
Maternal mortality in the city of Berlin: consequences for perinatal healthcare
Authors: Hellmeyer Lars , Zinn-Kirchner Zahavah , Königbauer Josefine T. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The fifth of the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals proposed for 2000–2015 was to improve maternal health, which has only partially been achieved. Worldwide, the maternal mortality ratio is currently estimated at 216/100.000 livebirths, compared to 380/100,000 in 1990. As yet, there has been no published comprehensive analysis of maternal mortality data as it pertains to Berlin and by extension Germany. Aim of the study was to evaluate and analyze the maternal mortality rate of Berlin as a result of shortcomings in healthcare provision and identify possible solutions.

Methods
The Institute for Quality and Transparency in the Healthcare Sector sourced external quality control from the Qualitätsbüro Berlin to provide maternal mortality data from Berlin hospitals from 2007 to 2020.

Results
Nineteen maternal deaths were registered between 2007 and 2020 in total. Case analysis shows that two main events occur: thrombosis and hemorrhage at 31.6%, respectively, followed by hypertensive disorder (15.8%), and sepsis (15.8%). After detailed analysis of each case report, we determined 8/19 (42.1%) maternal deaths as being potentially preventable given slightly altered circumstances.

Conclusions
The system of registration of perinatal data in Germany does not allow for a comprehensive recording of maternal death and requires alteration to provide a more accurate picture of the phenomenon of maternal mortality; presumably, there exist twice as many unreported cases. Symptoms, risks, and primary prevention tactics of thromboembolism during pregnancy and birth should be imparted to every licensed professional in individual hospital settings, along with evidence-based simulation training for the event of obstetric or prepartum hemorrhage.
Investigative properties of CeO2 doped with niobium: A combined characterization and DFT studies
Authors: Shittu Toyin , Altarawneh Mohammednoor 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Catalytic capacity of ceria mainly stems from a facile switch in the Ce oxidation states from +4 to +4 − x. While various experimental and computational studies pinpoint the reduction chemistry of Ce atom through the creation of oxygen vacancies, the analogous process when ceria surface is decorated with cations remains poorly understood. Where such results are available, a synergy between experimental and first principle calculation is scarce. Niobium materials are evolving and their use in catalysis is being widely investigated due to their high surface acidity and thermal and chemical stability. This study aims to report structural and electronic properties of various configurations of mixed Ce–Nb oxides and elaborates on factors that underpin potential catalytic improvements. Evaluations of the samples through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), N2-adsorption–desorption, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses are examined and discussed. First principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide structural features of the Ce–Nb solutions at low concentration of Nb via computing atomic charge distribution. Contraction in the lattice parameter after Nb doping was confirmed with both XRD and DFT results. SEM analysis reveals particle growth at the loading of 50 wt%. FTIR results established the Ce–Nb–O bond at 1,100 cm−1 and the TGA analysis confirms the thermal stability of Nb-doped ceria. Tetrahedral O atoms demonstrate an increase in electronegativity and this in turn facilitates catalytic propensity of the material because the O atoms will exhibit higher affinity for adsorbed reactants. Cerium oxide (CeO2) after Nb doping displays a noticeable band gap narrowing, confirming the possible improvement in the catalytic behavior. The 4d states of the Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) is found to fill up the 4f states of CeO2 around the Fermi energy level promoting electrons excitation in the CeO2. Reported electronic, structural, and thermal characteristics herein indicate promising catalytic applications of niobium-promoted ceria.
Environmental and occupational health on the Navajo Nation: a scoping review
Authors: Coombs Sharly , Sleeth Darrah K. , Jones Rachael M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A scoping review was performed to answer: what environmental health concerns have been associated with adverse health outcomes in the Navajo Nation? The review focused on occupational and ambient environmental exposures associated with human industrial activities. The search strategy was implemented in PubMed, and two investigators screened the retrieved literature. Thirteen studies were included for review. Data were extracted using the matrix method. Six studies described associations between work in uranium mining and cancer. Six studies focused on environmental exposures to uranium mine waste and other metals, with outcomes that included biological markers, kidney disease, diabetes and hypertension, and adverse birth outcomes. One study explored occupational exposure to Sin Nombre Virus and infection. Most research has focused on the health effects of uranium, where occupational exposures occurred among miners and environmental exposures are a legacy of uranium mining and milling. Gaps exist with respect to health outcomes associated with current occupations and the psychosocial impact of environmental hazards. Other environmental exposures and hazards are known to exist on the Navajo Nation, which may warrant epidemiologic research.
Crystal structure of phenanthrenide salts stabilized by 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6
Authors: Eichstaedt Natalie , van der Zwan Kasper P. , Mayr Lina , Siegel Renée , Senker Jürgen , Breu Josef 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Potassium 15-crown-5 phenanthrenide and potassium 18-crown-6 phenanthrenide were synthesized and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and 39K solid state NMR spectroscopy. While the radical carbanion is very reactive in solution, the crystals are stable and storable under inert atmosphere. For 15-crown-5, a sandwich-like complex of potassium is formed with two molecules of crown ether per potassium resulting in a coordination number of 10. For the larger 18-crown-6 ligand, a 1:1 complex is obtained and a coordination number of 6 for the potassium cation. In neither crystal structure solvent molecules are incorporated. The 15-crown-5 compound crystallizes faster and is less soluble in THF as compared to the 18-crown-6 compound. Both compounds form solid phenanthrenide that is easy to handle and can be applied for reduction reactions.
Emotional Context Sculpts Action Goal Representations in the Lateral Frontal Pole
Authors: Lapate Regina C. , Ballard Ian C. , Heckner Marisa K. , D'Esposito Mark 
Published: December 2021

Emotional states provide an ever-present source of contextual information that should inform behavioral goals. Despite the ubiquity of emotional signals in our environment, the neural mechanisms underlying their influence on goal-directed action remains unclear. Prior work suggests that the lateral frontal pole (FPl) is uniquely positioned to integrate affective information into cognitive control representations. We used pattern similarity analysis to examine the content of representations in FPl and interconnected mid-lateral prefrontal and amygdala circuitry. Healthy participants (n= 37;n= 21 females) were scanned while undergoing an event-related Affective Go/No-Go task, which requires goal-oriented action selection during emotional processing. We found that FPl contained conjunctive emotion–action goal representations that were related to successful cognitive control during emotional processing. These representations differed from conjunctive emotion–action goal representations found in the basolateral amygdala. While robust action goal representations were present in mid-lateral prefrontal cortex, they were not modulated by emotional valence. Finally, converging results from functional connectivity and multivoxel pattern analyses indicated that FPl emotional valence signals likely originated from interconnected subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (BA25), which was in turn functionally coupled with the amygdala. Thus, our results identify a key pathway by which internal emotional states influence goal-directed behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOptimal functioning in everyday life requires behavioral regulation that flexibly adapts to dynamically changing emotional states. However, precisely how emotional states influence goal-directed action remains unclear. Unveiling the neural architecture that supports emotion–goal integration is critical for our understanding of disorders such as psychopathy, which is characterized by deficits in incorporating emotional cues into goals, as well as mood and anxiety disorders, which are characterized by impaired goal-based emotion regulation. Our study identifies a key circuit through which emotional states influence goal-directed behavior. This circuitry comprised the lateral frontal pole (FPl), which represented integrated emotion–goal information, as well as interconnected amygdala and subgenual ACC, which conveyed emotional signals to FPl.
Reduced Learning of Sound Categories in Dyslexia Is Associated with Reduced Regularity-Induced Auditory Cortex Adaptation
Authors: Gertsovski Ayelet , Ahissar Merav 
Published: December 2021

A main characteristic of dyslexia is poor use of sound categories. We now studied within-session learning of new sound categories in dyslexia, behaviorally and neurally, using fMRI. Human participants (males and females) with and without dyslexia were asked to discriminate which of two serially-presented tones had a higher pitch. The task was administered in two protocols, with and without a repeated reference frequency. The reference condition introduces regularity, and enhances frequency sensitivity in typically developing (TD) individuals. Enhanced sensitivity facilitates the formation of “high” and “low” pitch categories above and below this reference, respectively. We found that in TDs, learning was paralleled by a gradual decrease in activation of the primary auditory cortex (PAC), and reduced activation of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and left posterior parietal cortex (PPC), which are important for using sensory history. No such sensitivity was found among individuals with dyslexia (IDDs). Rather, IDDs showed reduced behavioral learning of stimulus regularities and no regularity-associated adaptation in the auditory cortex or in higher-level regions. We propose that IDDs' reduced cortical adaptation, associated with reduced behavioral learning of sound regularities, underlies their impoverished use of stimulus history, and consequently impedes their formation of rich sound categories.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTReading difficulties in dyslexia are often attributed to poor use of phonological categories. To test whether poor category use could result from poor learning of new sound categories in general, we administered an auditory discrimination task that examined the learning of new pitch categories above and below a repeated reference sound. Individuals with dyslexia (IDDs) learned categories slower than typically developing (TD) individuals. TD individuals showed adaptation to the repeated sounds that paralleled the category learning in their primary auditory cortex (PAC) and other higher-level regions. In dyslexia, no brain region showed such adaptation. We suggest that poor learning of sound statistics in sensory regions may underlie the poor representations of both speech and nonspeech categories in dyslexia.
Heavy metals in private car dusts collected from Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang Campus: Contamination and human health risks
Authors: TAY JOO HUI , Zakaria Nurhameeza 
Published: December 2021

A pilot study was conducted to investigate the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Ni and Pb) in private car dusts collected from Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang campus. Ten private cars were selected among UMP staffs and students, and the dust samples were obtained by using a conventional vacuum cleaner with a clean nylon sampling sock pre-inserted into the suction nozzle. All samples were acid-digested with aqua regia solution and analysed for metal concentration using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The highest mean concentrations were recorded for Fe (650± 480 mg/kg), followed by Zn (160 ± 110 mg/kg), Cu (76.2 ± 18.5 mg/kg), Pb (39.2 ± 99.1 mg/kg), Ni (6.39 ± 8.30 mg/kg), Cr (3.42 ± 5.90 mg/kg) and Cd (0.55 ± 1.40 mg/kg). Hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values lower than 1 indicated no potential non-carcinogenic risks to the adult drivers.
Robust Half-Metallic Character In KMnGe Half-Heusler Compound
Authors: Chibueze Timothy , Ezema Fabian 
Published: December 2021

The search for spin injectors and spin sources in spintronic devices is a significant facet of materials research today. Consequently, half-Heusler (HAH) KMnGe alloy has been recommended as one such admissible materials. Herein, a rigorous examination of the structural, magnetic and electronic properties of HAH KMnGe alloy is done using ab initio method within the bolstered up rendition of the functional by Perdew and his group. Our result shows that HAH KmnGe alloy expresses type-1 and type-2 HAH structural ground state at high and low pressures respectively, which may pose a challenge in application. Impressively, HAH KMnGe alloy exhibits half metallic characteristic with an indirect energy gap in the Γ-X symmetry k-point and direct band gap at X-point in the minority electronic spin states for type-1 and type-2 phase respectively. Our findings agree fundamentally with some previous findings in the literature and suggests that the HAH KMnGe alloy is a credible excellent spin source in future spintronic devices.
Second Copy of Suma Evangelijų from the First Edition of Knygos Nobažnystės (1653)
Authors: Šinkūnas Mindaugas , Šinkūnas Mindaugas 
Published: December 2021

It has long been thought that the only known 1653 copy of the first edition of the Knygos Nobažnystės is preserved in Sweden. The sammelband consists of a hymnal without a separate title page, the postil “Suma Evangelijų”, and the prayer book “Maldos krikščioniškos” with the catechism Katekizmas arba trumpas pamokslas. One part (the postil “Suma Evangelijų”) of the Knygos nobažnystės is preserved in the library of the Emeryk Hutten-Czapski National Museum in Kraków. It has hitherto been classified by bibliographers as a counterfeit edition, but a comparative analysis leaves no doubt that it is the second known copy of the first edition of the Knygos Nobažnystės postil “Suma Evangelijų”.
Szacunek wobec uchodźcy z Bliskiego Wschodu w mediach społecznościowych
Authors: Szajny Maria 
Published: December 2021

Szacunek wobec uchodźcy z Bliskiego Wschodu w mediach społecznościowych. Dla organizacji humanitarnych Facebook stanowi jeden z najważniejszych społecznościowych kanałów komunikacji z odbiorcami i darczyńcami, dlatego to właśnie na tym komunikatorze została skupiona uwaga, z pominięciem Instagrama, Twittera oraz innych mediów wykorzystywanych do promocji organizacji. W artykule poruszono problematykę przedstawiania uchodźcy na Facebooku organizacji pozarządowych. Sposób, w jaki kreuje się wizerunek uchodźcy, ma wpływ na kształtowanie opinii publicznej w mediach społecznościowych. Pytanie wiodące w niniejszej pracy brzmi: czy organizacje rzetelnie przedstawiają wizerunek azylatna? W opracowaniu zostały omówione dobre praktyki służące prezentacji wizerunku uchodźcy oraz zagrożenia wynikające z niezgodnego z prawdą przedstawiania tego wizerunku. Poruszono zagadnienia związane z odpowiedzialną rolą organizacji pozarządowych w kreowaniu wizerunku uchodźcy z Bliskiego Wschodu. W artykule wykorzystano literaturę przedmiotu, analizę zawartości, analizę postów NGO metodą ilościową.
Разговор в инклюзивной мастерской
Authors: Руднева Екатерина Алексеевна 
Published: December 2021

В статье анализируются фрагменты видеозаписи, сделанной в инклюзивной мастерской. Участники взаимодействия – инструктор, двое сотрудников с ментальными особенностями и два волонтера. Находясь за столом в керамической мастерской, они занимаются рабочими делами и ведут беседу о животных. Основной метод исследования – конверсационный анализ – дополнен этнографическими: включенным наблюдением (автор посещала организацию в качестве волонтера) и интервью. В статье обсуждаются обстоятельства сбоев (а также их отсутствия) во взаимодействии с участием людей с ментальными особенностями на рабочем месте. Выясняется, каким образом на достижение взаимопонимания влияют (а) особенности речи участников, (б) информация о том, что у кого-то есть ментальные особенности и (в) переключение между рабочей деятельностью и разговором на отвлеченную тему. В материале представлены случаи заикания, а также отсутствия ответа на вопрос и побуждение, которые нарушают или меняют ход взаимодействия (pro­gressivity). Демонстрируется, что сбои в коммуникации – результат взаимодействия со всеми его обстоятельствами, а не нарушений отдельных участников. Одни и те же действия (заикание, отсутствие ответа или резкая смена темы) в одних случаях приводят к значительным нарушениям хода взаимодействия, а в других – нет, благодаря действиям собеседников. Нарушения или изменения хода взаимодействия обусловлены, прежде всего, тем, что участники по-разному переключаются между беседой и ручным трудом, не всегда реагируя на реплики друг друга (так, аутичный сотрудник не сразу реагирует на побуждение вернуться к работе, а инструктор не отвечает на несколько его вопросов, предлагающих для обсуждения новых животных). Нарушение последовательности, а именно отсутствие ответа на вопрос, демонстрируется со стороны участника без так называемых ментальных особенностей, и соответственно не связывается с неполной прагматической компетенцией. При этом аналогичное нарушение последовательности со стороны человека с ментальными особенностями может быть объяснено собеседниками именно наличием этих особенностей. В целом, несмотря на некоторые сбои, в инклюзивной мастерской поддерживается связный разговор, тем самым достигается цель и реализуется идеология инклюзивного пространства.
Интеллектуальная инвалидность и рассказы из жизни: наблюдения над устными нарративами
Authors: Утехин Илья Владимирович , Алтухова Анна Николаевна , Клепикова Анна Александровна 
Published: December 2021

Устные повествования о жизненном опыте молодых людей с «легкой степенью умственной отсталости» и опытом проживания в коррекционных учреждениях закрытого типа собраны в ходе полуструктурированных интервью и в разговорах в рамках полевого исследования, проведенного в небольшом российском городе. Все рассказчики в тот момент участвовали в проекте сопровождаемого проживания, организованного НКО, позволившей участникам покинуть специализированные учреждения. Из-за отсутствия или неадекватности школьного образования большинство информантов близки к функциональной неграмотности. Один из примеров рассказа, проанализированный в статье, принадлежит категории страшных историй из жизни в семье или в учреждении. Рассказчики редко оказываются в ситуации, когда им надо представлять себя перед кем-то извне знакомого круга подопечных проекта и социальных работников, и их рассказы так или иначе уже циркулировали в этом «своем» кругу. Рассмотрены дискурсивные особенности нарративов, представляющих собой часть диалогового взаимодействия. Для этих рассказчиков главным способом рассказывания оказывается театрализованное разыгрывание истории с переводом ее в диалог героев, который цитируется в виде прямой речи. Выявленные особенности отличают устные повествования, не испытавшие на себе воздействия письменной культуры и школьного «развития речи». При рассмотрении рамочных выражений и дискурсных маркеров в рассказах обнаружено, что некоторые типы выражений, обычно передающие отношение рассказчика и демонстрирующие его рефлексию, отсутствуют в рассматриваемом материале. Повествования демонстрируют тяготение рассказчиков к использованию сочинительных связей (вместо подчинительных, выражающих причинные отношения). К сожалению, изложенные в статье наблюдения являются результатом пилотного исследования и не могут претендовать на то, чтобы быть характеристиками рассказывания историй людьми с умственными особенностями, поскольку в ходе данного исследовательского проекта не предполагалось проводить сравнение с аналогичными рассказами других людей с сопоставимым опытом социализации в специализированных учреждениях.