bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chlorophyll soft-sensor based on machine learning models for algal bloom predictions
Authors: Mozo Alberto , Morón-López Jesús , Vakaruk Stanislav , Pompa-Pernía Ángel G. , González-Prieto Ángel , Aguilar Juan Antonio Pascual , Gómez-Canaval Sandra , Ortiz Juan Manuel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHarmful algal blooms (HABs) are a growing concern to public health and aquatic ecosystems. Long-term water monitoring conducted by hand poses several limitations to the proper implementation of water safety plans. This work combines automatic high-frequency monitoring (AFHM) systems with machine learning (ML) techniques to build a data-driven chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) soft-sensor. Massive data for water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and system battery were taken for three years at intervals of 15 min from two different areas of As Conchas freshwater reservoir (NW Spain). We designed a set of soft-sensors based on compact and energy efficient ML algorithms to infer Chl-a fluorescence by using low-cost input variables and to be deployed on buoys with limited battery and hardware resources. Input and output aggregations were applied in ML models to increase their inference performance. A component capable of triggering a 10 $$\upmu$$
μ
g/L Chl-a alert was also developed. The results showed that Chl-a soft-sensors could be a rapid and inexpensive tool to support manual sampling in water bodies at risk.
Impact on capsule formation for three different types of implant surface tomography
Authors: Jeon Hyeon Jun , Kang MyeongJae , Lee Joon Seok , Kang Jieun , Kim Eun A. , Jin Hee Kyung , Bae Jae-sung , Yang Jung Dug 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough capsular contracture remains one of the major problems following silicone breast implantation, the associated mechanism has yet to be determined. This study thus aimed to investigate capsule formation and capsular contracture using three types of implants with different surface topographies in vivo. Three types of implants (i.e., smooth, macrotexture, and nanotexture) with different surface topographies were inserted in a total of 48 Wistar rats. After 4 and 12 weeks, the samples were analyzed via histological, immunohistochemical, and Western blot examination. To identify implant movement, the degree to which implant position changed was measured. And the surface topography was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Hematoxylin–eosin staining showed that the nanotexture type implant promoted significant decreases in capsule thickness at 12 weeks (P < 0.05), while Masson trichrome staining showed decreased collagen fiber density with the same implant type. Immunohistochemical and Western blot examination revealed reduced fibrosis markers (myofibroblast, and transforming growth factor beta-1) in the nanotexture surface implant. Meanwhile, implant location evaluation found that the nanotexture and smooth surface implants had significantly increased movement (P < 0.05). The nanotexture surface implant had been found to reduce capsule formation given that it minimizes the effects of factors related to foreign body reaction.
Extracellular vesicles derived from Wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cells inhibit the tumor environment via the miR-125b/HIF1α signaling pathway
Authors: Chang Yun-Hsuan , Vuong Cat-Khanh , Ngo Nhat-Hoang , Yamashita Toshiharu , Ye Xiucai , Futamura Yasunori , Fukushige Mizuho , Obata-Yasuoka Mana , Hamada Hiromi , Osaka Motoo , Hiramatsu Yuji , Sakurai Tetsuya , Ohneda Osamu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with worse outcomes and results in high mortality; therefore, great efforts are required to find effective treatment. In the present study, we suggested a novel strategy to treat TNBC using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) to transform the behaviors and cellular communication of TNBC cells (BCC) with other non-cancer cells related to tumorigenesis and metastasis. Our data showed that, BCC after being internalized with EV derived from Wharton’s Jelly MSC (WJ-EV) showed the impaired proliferation, stemness properties, tumorigenesis and metastasis under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, these inhibitory effects may be involved in the transfer of miRNA-125b from WJ-EV to BCC, which downregulated the expression of HIF1α and target genes related to proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Of note, WJ-EV-internalized BCC (wBCC) showed transformed behaviors that attenuated the in vivo development and metastatic ability of TNBC, the angiogenic abilities of endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells and the generation of cancer-associated fibroblasts from MSC. Furthermore, wBCC generated a new EV with modified functions that contributed to the inhibitory effects on tumorigenesis and metastasis of TNBC. Taken together, our findings suggested that WJ-EV treatment is a promising therapy that results in the generation of wBCC to interrupt the cellular crosstalk in the tumor environment and inhibit the tumor progression in TNBC.
Exposure assessment of 170 pesticide ingredients and derivative metabolites in people from the Central Andes of Peru
Authors: Honles Jorge , Clisson Claire , Monge Claudia , Vásquez-Ocmín Pedro , Cerapio Juan Pablo , Palamy Sysay , Casavilca-Zambrano Sandro , Herrera Javier , Pineau Pascal , Deharo Eric , Peynet Vincent , Bertani Stéphane 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Central Andes of Peru are a region of great concern regarding pesticide risk to the health of local communities. Therefore, we conducted an observational study to assess the level of pesticide contamination among Andean people. Analytical chemistry methods were used to measure the concentrations of 170 pesticide-related compounds in hair samples from 50 adult Andean subjects living in rural and urban areas. As part of the study, a questionnaire was administered to the subjects to collect information regarding factors that increase the risk of pesticide exposure. Our results indicate that Andean people are strongly exposed to agrochemicals, being contaminated with a wide array of pesticide-related compounds at high concentration levels. Multivariate analyses and geostatistical modeling identified sociodemographic factors associated with rurality and food origin that increase pesticide exposure risk. The present study represents the first comprehensive investigation of pesticide-related compounds detected in body samples collected from people living in the Central Andes of Peru. Our findings pinpoint an alarming environmental situation that threatens human health in the region and provide a rationale for improving public policies to protect local communities.
A comparison of various methods for measuring breast density and breast tissue composition in adolescent girls and women
Authors: Kehm Rebecca D. , Walter E. Jane , Pereira Ana , White Melissa L. , Oskar Sabine , Michels Karin B. , Shepherd John A. , Lilge Lothar , Terry Mary Beth 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study compared different approaches to measuring breast density and breast tissue composition (BTC) in adolescent girls (n = 42, aged 14–16 years) and their mothers (n = 39, aged 36–61 years) from a cohort in Santiago, Chile. Optical spectroscopy (OS) was used to measure collagen, water, and lipid concentrations, which were combined into a percent breast density index (%BDI). A clinical dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) system calibrated to measure breast density provided percent fibroglandular volume (%FGV) from manually delineated images. After digitizing mammogram films, the percent mammographic breast density (%MBD) was measured using computer-assisted software. Partial correlation coefficients (rpartial) were used to evaluate associations between breast density measures and BTC from these three different measurement approaches, adjusting for age and body mass index. %BDI from OS was associated with %FGV from DXA in adolescent girls (rpartial = 0.46, p-value = 0.003), but not in mothers (rpartial = 0.17, p-value = 0.32). In mothers, %FGV from DXA was associated with %MBD from mammograms (rpartial = 0.60, p-value < 0.001). These findings suggest that data from OS, DXA, and mammograms provide related but distinct information about breast density and BTC. Future studies should explore how the information provided by these different devices can be used for breast cancer risk prediction in cohorts of adolescent girls and women.
Limits to in vivo fate changes of epithelia in thymus and parathyroid by ectopic expression of transcription factors Gcm2 and Foxn1
Authors: Nagakubo Daisuke , Hirakawa Mayumi , Iwanami Norimasa , Boehm Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of the parathyroid and the thymus from the third pharyngeal pouch depends on the activities of the Gcm2 and Foxn1 transcription factors, respectively, whose expression domains sharply demarcate two regions in the developing third pharyngeal pouch. Here, we have generated novel mouse models to examine whether ectopic co-expression ofGcm2in the thymic epithelium and ofFoxn1in the parathyroid perturbs the establishment of organ fates in vivo. Expression ofGcm2in the thymic rudiment does not activate a parathyroid-specific expression programme, even in the absence of Foxn1 activity. Co-expression ofFoxn1in the parathyroid fails to impose thymopoietic capacity. We conclude that the actions of Foxn1 and Gcm2 transcription factors are cell context-dependent and that they each require permissive transcription factor landscapes in order to successfully interfere with organ-specific cell fate.
Fragment size and dynamics of EGFR-mutated tumor-derived DNA provide prognostic information regarding EGFR-TKI efficacy in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC
Authors: Kunimasa Kei , Nishino Kazumi , Sato Yoshiharu , Mori Masahide , Ihara Shoichi , Suzuki Hidekazu , Nagatomo Izumi , Kumagai Toru , Morishima Toshitaka , Imamura Fumio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a complementary and alternative test to tissue-based NGS. We performed NGS analysis of ctDNA samples collected from patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received osimertinib; the samples were collected after second-line treatment, before osimertinib treatment, one week and one month after osimertinib treatment, and at the time of resistance formation. We examinedthe correlation with osimertinib efficacy. From January to December 2018, 34 patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC harboring EGFR T790M mutations were enrolled, and a total of 132 peripheral blood samples were collected. The fragment sizes of EGFR-mutated ctDNAs were significantly shorter than that of their corresponding normal fragments. Osimertinib treatment of patients with shorter EGFR-mutated ctDNA fragments resulted in shorter progression-free survival (PFS). The disappearance time of EGFR-mutated fragment fractions and clonal evolution patterns (new driver mutation group, additional mutation group vs. attenuation group) were each associated with the PFS achieved with osimertinib treatment; however,multivariate analysis revealed that only shorter EGFR-mutated ctDNA fragments were associated with the PFS resulting from osimertinib treatment. EGFR-mutated ctDNA fragment size, time of disappearance of these fragments, and clonal evolution pattern were related to the effects of osimertinib. In particular, short EGFR-mutated ctDNA fragmentation may be closely related to osimertinib efficacy prediction.
A computational framework for discovering digital biomarkers of glycemic control
Authors: Bartolome Abigail , Prioleau Temiloluwa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDigital biomarkers can radically transform the standard of care for chronic conditions that are complex to manage. In this work, we propose a scalable computational framework for discovering digital biomarkers of glycemic control. As a feasibility study, we leveraged over 79,000 days of digital data to define objective features, model the impact of each feature, classify glycemic control, and identify the most impactful digital biomarkers. Our research shows that glycemic control varies by age group, and was worse in the youngest population of subjects between the ages of 2–14. In addition, digital biomarkers like prior-day time above range and prior-day time in range, as well as total daily bolus and total daily basal were most predictive of impending glycemic control. With a combination of the top-ranked digital biomarkers, we achieved an average F1 score of 82.4% and 89.7% for classifying next-day glycemic control across two unique datasets.
Cooperation of Striatin 3 and MAP4K4 promotes growth and tissue invasion
Authors: Migliavacca Jessica , Züllig Buket , Capdeville Charles , Grotzer Michael A. , Baumgartner Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMAP4K4 is associated with increased motility and reduced proliferation in tumor cells, but the regulation of this dichotomous functionality remained elusive. We find that MAP4K4 interacts with striatin 3 and 4 (STRN3/4) and that STRN3 and MAP4K4 exert opposing functions in Hippo signaling and clonal growth. However, depletion of either STRN3 or MAP4K4 in medulloblastoma cells reduces invasion, and loss of both proteins abrogates tumor cell growth in the cerebellar tissue. Mechanistically, STRN3 couples MAP4K4 to the protein phosphatase 2A, which inactivates growth repressing activities of MAP4K4. In parallel, STRN3 enables growth factor-induced PKCθ activation and direct phosphorylation of VASPS157 by MAP4K4, which both are necessary for efficient cell invasion. VASPS157 directed activity of MAP4K4 and STRN3 requires the CNH domain of MAP4K4, which mediates its interaction with striatins. Thus, STRN3 is a master regulator of MAP4K4 function, and disruption of its cooperation with MAP4K4 reactivates Hippo signaling and represses tissue invasion in medulloblastoma.
cfDNA methylome profiling for detection and subtyping of small cell lung cancers
Authors: Chemi Francesca , Pearce Simon P. , Clipson Alexandra , Hill Steven M. , Conway Alicia-Marie , Richardson Sophie A. , Kamieniecka Katarzyna , Caeser Rebecca , White Daniel J. , Mohan Sumitra , Foy Victoria , Simpson Kathryn L. , Galvin Melanie , Frese Kristopher K. , Priest Lynsey , Egger Jacklynn , Kerr Alastair , Massion Pierre P. , Poirier John T. , Brady Gerard , Blackhall Fiona , Rothwell Dominic G. , Rudin Charles M. , Dive Caroline 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by morphologic, epigenetic and transcriptomic heterogeneity. Subtypes based upon predominant transcription factor expression have been defined that, in mouse models and cell lines, exhibit potential differential therapeutic vulnerabilities, with epigenetically distinct SCLC subtypes also described. The clinical relevance of these subtypes is unclear, due in part to challenges in obtaining tumor biopsies for reliable profiling. Here we describe a robust workflow for genome-wide DNA methylation profiling applied to both patient-derived models and to patients’ circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Tumor-specific methylation patterns were readily detected in cfDNA samples from patients with SCLC and were correlated with survival outcomes. cfDNA methylation also discriminated between the transcription factor SCLC subtypes, a precedent for a liquid biopsy cfDNA-methylation approach to molecularly subtype SCLC. Our data reveal the potential clinical utility of cfDNA methylation profiling as a universally applicable liquid biopsy approach for the sensitive detection, monitoring and molecular subtyping of patients with SCLC.
Cascading effects of habitat loss on ectoparasite-associated bacterial microbiomes
Authors: Speer Kelly A , Teixeira Tiago Souto Martins , Brown Alexis M , Perkins Susan L , Dittmar Katharina , Ingala Melissa R , Wultsch Claudia , Krampis Konstantinos , Dick Carl W , Galen Spencer C , Simmons Nancy B , Clare Elizabeth L 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Suitable habitat fragment size, isolation, and distance from a source are important variables influencing community composition of plants and animals, but the role of these environmental factors in determining composition and variation of host-associated microbial communities is poorly known. In parasite-associated microbial communities, it is hypothesized that evolution and ecology of an arthropod parasite will influence its microbiome more than broader environmental factors, but this hypothesis has not been extensively tested. To examine the influence of the broader environment on the parasite microbiome, we applied high-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of 16S rRNA to characterize the microbiome of 222 obligate ectoparasitic bat flies (Streblidae and Nycteribiidae) collected from 155 bats (representing six species) from ten habitat fragments in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Parasite species identity is the strongest driver of microbiome composition. To a lesser extent, reduction in habitat fragment area, but not isolation, is associated with an increase in connectance and betweenness centrality of bacterial association networks driven by changes in the diversity of the parasite community. Controlling for the parasite community, bacterial network topology covaries with habitat patch area and exhibits parasite-species specific responses to environmental change. Taken together, habitat loss may have cascading consequences for communities of interacting macro- and microorgansims.
Analysis of electromagnetic scattering from typical targets for orbital‐angular‐momentum waves: Theoretical model
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiao , Su Xiang , Wu Zhensen , Ma LiWen , Li Xuping , Bai Jing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe target scattering characteristics in microwave band are necessary to be researched for Orbital‐Angular‐Momentum (OAM) wave‐based radar applications. A theoretical description of electromagnetic (EM) scattering from a typical target by OAM waves is proposed in this paper. First, OAM waves are decomposed into plane waves in the spectral domain with different elevation and azimuth angles. Then, the scattering form of each decomposed plane wave is determined through coordinate system transformation and physical optics approximation. Formulas and numerical results are presented for OAM‐based radar scattering cross section of a perfect electric conductor and dielectric plate and a cylinder. Unlike the conventional results of EM plane wave scattering, the scattering properties of OAM waves from plate and cylinder are analysed with particular emphasis on OAM mode influence. The results provide insights into OAM wave‐matter interactions and may find important applications in wave propagation and OAM wave‐based radar detection and imaging.
Incremental learning using feature labels for synthetic aperture radar automatic target recognition
Authors: Hu Chao , Hao Ming , Wang Wenying , Yang Yong , Wu Daoqing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough deep neural network technology brings high recognition accuracy to the field of synthetic aperture radar image‐based automatic target recognition, it also produces the catastrophic forgetting problem. Here, a new incremental learning method that can extract more information about old data is proposed. Based on the rehearsal method, the authors’ method adds extra linear layers after the feature extractor of the network before training on new incremental data and uses the network to generate distilled labels for incremental training. Through experiments on the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition data set, we conclude that, when the old model has good performance, our method has better performance than other typical incremental learning methods on small data sets.
Medikamentöse Therapie der HFrEF – früher Nutzen von Synergien und individuelle Konzepte
Authors: Kempf Tibor , Bavendiek Udo 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie aktuellen Leitlinien zur Pharmakotherapie der Herzinsuffizienz mit reduzierter Pumpfunktion empfehlen den frühzeitigen und möglichst simultanen Beginn mit einem Betablocker (BB),
SGLT2-Inhibitor (SGLT2i), Mineralokortikoidrezeptor-Antagonisten (MRA) und ACE-Hemmer (ACEi) bzw. alternativ einem Angiotensin-Rezeptor-Neprilysin-Inhibitor (ARNI). Dabei wird die Sequenz
des Therapiestarts der empfohlenen Wirkstoffklassen und deren Erweiterung und Dosissteigerung im Verlauf unter Berücksichtigung der individuellen Patientenmerkmale und Komorbiditäten bewusst
dem behandelnden Arzt überlassen. Somit wird das bisherige Stufenschema mit einer sequenziellen Initiierung der verschiedenen Wirkstoffklassen verlassen, da diese primär auf der Historie der
zugrunde liegenden klinischen Endpunktstudien basieren und nicht den frühzeitigen und synergistischen prognoseverbessernden Effekt der Wirkstoffklassen berücksichtigen. Die Empfehlung zur
Dosissteigerung auf die in den klinischen Studien verwendeten Zieldosen von BB, SGLT2i, MRA und ACEi bzw. ARNI bleibt aber erhalten. Die Erweiterung um weitere Wirkstoffklassen sollte in
Abhängigkeit von Komorbiditäten, klinischen Parametern, Progress der Herzinsuffizienz und Evidenzlage aus klinischen Studien erfolgen.
Advances in Bifunctional Squaramide-Catalyzed Asymmetric Sulfa-Michael Addition: A Decade Update
Authors: Sunny Steeva , Maingle Mohit , Seth Kapileswar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe application of bifunctional organocatalysts in organic chemistry has advanced remarkably owing to their high stability to moisture and air, relatively low toxicity, ease of handling, and recoverability. Among chiral bifunctional organocatalysts, squaramides have emerged as a privileged catalyst in recent years. This review article presents a comprehensive report on fine-tunable bifunctional chiral squaramide-catalyzed sulfa-Michael addition, which is based upon synchronous interplay of synergistic ‘electrophilic–nucleophilic’ dual activation strategies via multiple H-bonding interactions for the construction of both common and complex molecular entities bearing multiple stereocenters. Mechanistic discussions are kept brief, but significant understandings have been recorded. The contribution of squaramide catalyst to the construction of C–S bonds via sulfa-Michael addition has been applied in medicinal, natural, and industrial chemistry. Attention is focused on summarizing the progress made in chiral squaramide-catalyzed asymmetric sulfa-Michael addition and subsequent cascade/domino reaction sequences between 2011 and 2022.1	Introduction2	Quinine-Squaramide Organocatalysis3	Iminophosphorane-Squaramide Organocatalysis4	Chinchona-Squaramide Organocatalysis5	trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane-Squaramide Organocatalysis6	Conclusion
α-Metalated Isocyanides Toward a Tangible Reagent Space
Authors: Neochoritis Constantinos G. , Fragkiadakis Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstractα-Metalated isocyanides are a versatile class of compounds that can easily be employed in various transformations, affording tangible libraries for screening campaigns. We report the ring-opening reactions of cyclic anhydrides and lactones with three different metalated isocyanides that readily give 4,5-disubstituted oxazoles, including useful drug-like synthetic intermediates with two functional groups as handles for further modifications.