bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonicotinoid pesticide and nitrate mixture removal and persistence in floating treatment wetlands
Authors: Lindgren Julia K. , Messer Tiffany L. , Miller Daniel N. , Snow Daniel D. , Franti Thomas G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMesocosm and microcosm experiments were conducted to explore the applicability of floating treatment wetlands (FTWs), an ecologically based management technology, to remove neonicotinoid insecticides and nitrate from surface water. The mesocosm experiment evaluated three treatments in triplicate over a 21‐d period. Floating treatment wetland mesocosms completely removed nitrate‐N over the course of the experiment even when neonicotinoid insecticides were present. At the completion of the experiment, 79.6% of imidacloprid and degradation byproducts and 68.3% of thiamethoxam and degradation byproducts were accounted for in the water column. Approximately 3% of imidacloprid and degradation byproducts and 5.0% of thiamethoxam and degradation byproducts were observed in above‐surface biomass, while ∼24% of imidacloprid and degradation byproducts, particularly desnitro imidacloprid, and <0.1% of thiamethoxam and degradation byproducts were found in the below surface biomass. Further, 1 yr after the experiments, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and degradation byproducts persisted in biomass but at lower concentrations in both the above‐ and below‐surface biomass. Comparing the microbial communities of mature FTWs grown in the presence and absence of neonicotinoids, water column samples had similar low abundances of nitrifying Archaeal and bacterial amoA genes (below detection to 104 ml−1) and denitrifying bacterial nirK, nirS, and nosZ genes (below detection to 105 ml−1). Follow‐up laboratory incubations found the highest denitrification potential activities in FTW plant roots compared with water column samples, and there was no effect of neonicotinoid addition (100 ng L−1) on potential denitrification activity. Based on these findings, (a) FTWs remove neonicotinoids from surface water through biomass incorporation, (b) neonicotinoids persist in biomass long‐term (>1 yr after exposure), and (c) neonicotinoids do not adversely affect nitrate‐N removal via microbial denitrification.
Development of a novel bioengineered 3D brain‐like tissue for studying primary blast‐induced traumatic brain injury
Authors: Snapper Dustin M. , Reginauld Bianca , Liaudanskaya Volha , Fitzpatrick Vincent , Kim Yeonho , Georgakoudi Irene , Kaplan David L. , Symes Aviva J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPrimary blast injury is caused by the direct impact of an overpressurization wave on the body. Due to limitations of current models, we have developed a novel approach to study primary blast‐induced traumatic brain injury. Specifically, we employ a bioengineered 3D brain‐like human tissue culture system composed of collagen‐infused silk protein donut‐like hydrogels embedded with human IPSC‐derived neurons, human astrocytes, and a human microglial cell line. We have utilized this system within an advanced blast simulator (ABS) to expose the 3D brain cultures to a blast wave that can be precisely controlled. These 3D cultures are enclosed in a 3D‐printed surrogate skull‐like material containing media which are then placed in a holder apparatus inside the ABS. This allows for exposure to the blast wave alone without any secondary injury occurring. We show that blast induces an increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity and glutamate release from the cultures, indicating cellular injury. Additionally, we observe a significant increase in axonal varicosities after blast. These varicosities can be stained with antibodies recognizing amyloid precursor protein. The presence of amyloid precursor protein deposits may indicate a blast‐induced axonal transport deficit. After blast injury, we find a transient release of the known TBI biomarkers, UCHL1 and NF‐H at 6 h and a delayed increase in S100B at 24 and 48 h. This in vitro model will enable us to gain a better understanding of clinically relevant pathological changes that occur following primary blast and can also be utilized for discovery and characterization of biomarkers.
The role of time since trauma on treatment outcomes of veterans in two intensive posttraumatic stress disorder treatment programs
Authors: Splaine Cailan , Smith Dale L. , Held Philip 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch on the impact of time since trauma (TST) on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment outcomes lacks consensus and has not been examined in cognitive processing therapy (CPT)–based intensive PTSD treatment programs (ITPs). Furthermore, little is known about how TST impacts other trauma‐related outcomes, such as depressive symptoms and negative posttrauma cognitions. We examined whether TST predicted severity and changes in PTSD and depressive symptoms and negative posttrauma cognitions, controlling for trauma type (combat or military sexual trauma), age, sex, and race, in two separate samples of veterans with PTSD who completed 2‐week (n = 132) or 3‐week (n = 407) CPT‐based ITPs. In the 3‐week sample, PTSD symptom reduction differed based on TST; however, these differences lacked clinical significance, TST x Time R2b = .002, and were not replicated in the 2‐week sample, R2b < .001. TST did not significantly predict depressive symptoms, R2b = .005, or negative posttrauma cognition severity or changes, R2b = .002, in the 3‐week sample. In the 2‐week sample, linear mixed‐effects models indicated that TST also did not significantly predict PTSD or depressive symptoms, R2bs < .001, or negative posttrauma cognition severity or changes, R2bs = .002. These findings suggest that TST is not a clinically relevant predictor of PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, or negative posttrauma cognitions among individuals engaged in CPT‐based ITPs. Future research should investigate the association between TST and trauma‐related outcomes in more trauma type– and age‐diverse samples within different intensive treatment settings.
Cancer‐associated fibroblast‐secreted miR‐421 promotes pancreatic cancer by regulating the SIRT3/H3K9Ac/HIF‐1α axis
Authors: Zhou Bin , Lei Jing‐Hao , Wang Qiang , Qu Teng‐Fei , Cha Li‐Chao , Zhan Han‐Xiang , Liu Shang‐Long , Hu Xiao , Sun Chuan‐Dong , Guo Wei‐Dong , Qiu Fa‐Bo , Cao Jing‐Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study was designed to explore the effects of exosomal miR‐421 secreted by cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on pancreatic cancer (PC) progression and the mechanisms involved. CAFs and exosomes (exos) were isolated and identified. PC cells were treated with CAF‐derived exos (CAF‐exos). Western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to measure miR‐421, sirtuin‐3 (SIRT3), and hypoxia duciblefactors‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α) levels. Cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8), wound‐healing, and transwell migration assays were used to measure proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of the cells. Dual‐luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiment analyzed the relationship between miR‐421 and SIRT3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (f)‐verified H3K9Ac enrichment in the HIF‐1α promoter region. In vivo tumorigenesis experiments were performed to further explore the effects of exosomal miR‐421 from CAFs on PC. CAFs and exos were successfully isolated. CAF‐exo‐treated PC cells highly expressed miR‐421 and had increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. Knocking down miR‐421 increased the expression of SIRT3. SIRT3 is a target of miR‐421, and inhibiting the expression of SIRT3 reversed the negative effects of miR‐421 knockdown on PC cell. Knocking down miR‐421 in CAF‐exo inhibited the expression of HIF‐1α in PC cells. Moreover, SIRT3‐mediated HIF‐1α expression by regulating H3K9Ac. HIF‐1α overexpression reversed the inhibiting effects of SIRT3 overexpression on PC progression and counteracted the inhibiting effects of miR‐421 knockdown on glycolysis. Moreover, in vivo tumorigenesis experiments showed that knocking down miR‐421 attenuated CAF‐exo induced tumor growth. Exosomal miR‐421 from CAFs promoted PC progression by regulating the SIRT3/H3K9Ac/HIF‐1α axis. This study provided insights into the molecular mechanism of PC.
MinK: A conceptual framework for individual knowledge assessment in organizational context
Authors: Ragab Mohamed AF , Arisha Amr 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEffectual knowledge management (KM) entails knowledge assessment capability which enables organizations to identify knowledge holders and hence optimize human capital allocation and retention. The purpose of this paper is to present a new framework, referred to asMinK, that empowers organizations in appraising individual knowledge by providing an inclusive assessment platform. Following a comprehensive literature review, an exploratory study was conducted to explore the underlying constructs of individual knowledge from a practitioner's perspective. Semi‐structured interviews were held with 20 senior executives from diverse industries. Managers provided valuable insights about their conceptualization of individual knowledge and the characteristics of knowledge holders. Findings from the interviews complemented the literature in informing the design of the framework. The MinK framework evaluates individuals' knowledge from a number of perspectives using a multi‐dimensional scorecard of theoretically grounded measures. The assessment process adopts the 360‐degree approach to collate multi‐source appraisals from different echelons of the organization, ultimately producing an Individual Knowledge Index for each employee. The index is computed using a unique mathematical formula that combines multi‐criteria decision analysis techniques to consolidate results into a single reflective numeral. The incorporation of technology allows the complete automation of the assessment process and helps to address parametric multiplicity and arithmetic complexity. This paper contributes to KM theory by unveiling the underlying constructs of individual knowledge in organizational context and proposing a comprehensive theoretical framework that signifies the pivotal role of individuals in firm knowledge dynamics. It also provides managers with an innovative and integrated individual knowledge assessment framework.
Clinical factors associated with early disease progression after radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma and feasibility of post‐progression systemic therapy
Authors: Van Laeken Charlotte , Taelman Thibault , Cappuyns Sarah , Maleux Geert , Vandecaveye Vincent , Verslype Chris , Deroose Christophe , Dekervel Jeroen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsRadioembolization (RE) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can provide clinical benefit for well‐selected patients, whilst in others, rapid disease progression is observed. As an alternative for this patient population, new potent systemic treatment options are emerging. We aimed to identify the clinical factors associated with rapid progression following RE and assess the feasibility of starting a systemic treatment after progression.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of patients with unresectable HCC undergoing RE at a single referral centre between January 2009 and December 2018. Progression‐free and overall survival times were calculated. Uni‐ and multivariate cox regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with poor outcomes. Charts were reviewed for post‐progression treatment strategies.ResultsOverall, 116 patients with unresectable HCC were included. Median PFS after RE was 6.7 months (95% CI 3.97–9.37), which varied significantly (P < .001) with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (EGOC PS) (ECOG 0, 20.9 months [95% CI 8.6–33.2]; ECOG 1, 7.7 months [95% CI 3.1–12.1]; ECOG 2, 4.4 months [95% CI 1.7–7]). This association remained significant after multivariate testing, together with the number of HCC lesions (P = .017) and α‐FP (P = .050). Progressive disease after RE occurred in 82 patients, of whom only 40 received subsequent systemic treatment. Again, ECOG PS at the time of progression was significantly better for patients who did receive systemic treatment versus those who did not (P = .002).ConclusionPatients with unresectable HCC, impaired general condition and multinodular disease have inferior outcomes after radioembolization. After RE, close monitoring of patient performance status, liver function and cancer control is warranted to allow timely initiation of systemic treatment when indicated.
Numerical Characterization of Mixing in a Kneading Element Channel of Dual‐Speed Corotating Non‐Twin Screws Using Lagrangian Statistics Method
Authors: Xu Baiping , Liang Ruifeng , Xiao Shuping , Tan Lingcao , Song Jian , Yu Huiwen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA novel kind of dual‐speed corotating non‐twin kneading elements with a zero stagger angle is designed to improve mixing ability. The physical model considering several narrow gaps is developed where the inlet and outlet transition sections are also included. Finite element method associated with the mesh superposition technique is further applied to solve the time‐dependent flow field where fluid is assumed to obey the Carreau constitutive model. The tracers initially from different locations are tracked using a self‐developed fourth‐order Runge–Kutta scheme. Distributive mixing is evaluated through evolution of tracer droplets and decaying of variance index with time. In addition, a Lagrangian statistics method is used to characterize the dispersive mixing in terms of the statistical distributions of mixing index and their integration areas within the range of mixing index larger than 0.5. In contrast, the kneading elements of a conventional twin screw configuration are also modeled to show the mixing difference.
Performance of plasma source and irradiation for optical properties improvement of gelatin/silver composite
Authors: Radwan S.I. , Shehata M.M. , Abdel Samad S. , El‐Khabeary H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article describes the design, development and operation of a plasma generator using nitrogen gas for various materials processing applications. It consists of two electrodes, anode and cathode, made of palladium rods of different diameters serve as the plasma source. The plasma between the anode and cathode was formed at different pressures using nitrogen gas. When compared the palladium electrodes to graphite ones, the discharge characteristics of palladium electrodes without and with Teflon insulators that covered all electrodes save the head were investigated. The discharge characteristics at the optimum anode‐cathode distance and the diameter of palladium electrodes without and with a Teflon insulator were compared. Also, the discharge characteristics for palladium and graphite electrodes at the optimum anode‐cathode distance and electrode diameter without and with Teflon insulator were compared. The gelatin/silver composite specimens (for solar cells) were exposed to nitrogen plasma at different intervals. The photoluminescence and ultraviolet‐visible spectra of these specimens were analyzed and the results appeared to show that the specimens were sensitive to the visible spectrum. Except plasma irradiation time of 360 s, when the optical band gap energy rose, the band gap decreased as nitrogen plasma irradiation times increased.
Investigation of the potential of topology optimization in additive manufacturing using the example of components subject to bending stress
Authors: Jantos D.R. , Röttger A. , Junker P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this application‐oriented work, we examine the performance of topology‐optimized structures as compared to the reference I‐beam. We make use of the thermodynamic topology optimization based on a linear elastic compliance minimization, i. e. minimization of the elastic strain energy of the whole structure. We investigate, how the optimization of the rather theoretical strain energy influences the efficiency of more practical measurements, i. e. the force‐displacement response at the loading points and the maximum tolerable force. For this purpose, starting from a cuboid design space with the boundary conditions of a 3‐point and 4‐point bending stress, the geometry with constant volume was optimized. The topology‐optimized bending beams were subsequently produced by stereolithography and mechanically tested with respect to the previously defined boundary conditions. In order to avoid a falsification of results due to internal sample defects, all samples were previously examined with the aid of computer tomography with regard to the defects in the volume. As a general result, the topology‐optimized bending beams can bear a higher load in the experiment, which shows the usefulness of the coupling of additive manufacturing and topology optimization methods without any special constraints or enhancements regarding the manufacturing process within the optimization.
Numerical modeling of fiber reinforced polymer textile composites for characterizing the mechanical behavior – a review
Authors: Kaushik V. , Sharma P. , Priyanka P. , Mali H.S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolymeric composites are used worldwide due to their enhanced applications in various sectors such as automotive, defense, aerospace, marine, and many others. Its lightweight and high‐strength applications make it convenient to use in high‐security fields such as defense and aerospace. Thus, it is essential to characterize composite materials for product development. Numerical simulation of composites has advantages over experimental characterization. The paper presents the mechanical behavior of polymer textile composites, employing geometrical modeling and a numerical simulation approach, under several loading conditions such as tension, compression, flexural, and impact loading. Failure mechanisms are also discussed with different failure modes and damage criterions. This review paper is limited to high‐strength fibers, such as carbon, Kevlar, and Glass fibers in unidirectional and woven formation. Various test specimens used in mechanical characterizations are presented with significant research summaries. Classification charts are also provided for a better understanding of the numerical simulation approach for characterizing the mechanical behavior.
Optimization using response surface methodology for producing biodiesel from waste cooking oil using fishbone catalyst
Authors: Maqsood K. , Alsaady M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFuel demand has increased due to motorization and industrial activities. Specially cultivated crops can be used to make biodiesel. However, certain forms of biodiesel create ethical concerns since they are derived from crops utilized as food sources. Biodiesel manufacturing technologies that are cost‐effective and environmentally friendly must be continually researched and improved if this biofuel is competitive with petroleum‐based fuels while resolving these ethical concerns. Substituting a less expensive oil like waste cooking oil (WCO) for vegetable oil for biodiesel can lower the entire production cost. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil has shown promising results. Generally, an optimal combination of temperature and reaction time is required to develop a biodiesel manufacturing method that is both long‐term and cost‐effective. One viable alternative is the methanolysis of used cooking oil utilizing fish bone waste as a catalyst. This research focuses on modeling and optimizing temperature and time‐dependent characteristics for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using fishbone as a catalyst. The results of the experiments with 6 % catalyst and with a temperature range of 55 °C to 65 °C and reaction duration between 5 minutes to 120 minutes were utilized to optimize the biodiesel manufacturing process using the response surface methodology (RSM).
Inferred Trophic Characteristics and Ecological Roles of Native and Nonnative Fishes in Odell Lake, Oregon
Authors: Meeuwig Michael H. , Bailey Elizabeth J. , Clements Shaun P. , Hodgson Brett L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction and establishment of nonnative fishes can negatively affect native species and ecosystems through a variety of ecological interactions. For example, competition between species that occupy a similar trophic guild can result in extirpation or reduced abundance of native fishes. We used a combination of standard sampling methods and stable isotope analysis to evaluate relative abundance and isotopic niche overlap among native and nonnative species in Odell Lake, Oregon. Our primary focus was on interactions between native Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus and nonnative Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush; however, we also evaluated relative abundance and isotopic niche characteristics of other native and nonnative species. Overall, the relative abundance of nonnative fishes was greater than that of native fishes. For example, Lake Trout outnumbered Bull Trout 27:1, and the numerically most dominant species in our sample was nonnative Tui Chub Siphateles bicolor. We also observed isotopic niche overlap among a variety of native and nonnative fishes. Bull Trout and Lake Trout are both top-level predators in Odell Lake and the probability that Bull Trout were within the isotopic niche of Lake Trout was 0.23. The probability that nonnative kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka and Tui Chub were within the isotopic niche of native Mountain Whitefish Prosopium williamsoni exceeded 0.95, and the probability that Tui Chub were within the isotopic niche of Rainbow Trout O. mykiss was 0.90. Based on data presented here and rangewide patterns for Bull Trout, we conclude that competition with Lake Trout is plausible and has the potential to influence the persistence of Bull Trout in Odell Lake. Further, we discuss ecological interactions potentially influencing the abundance of other native fishes in Odell Lake.
Synthesis and photoinitiated polymerization of new ionic liquid methacrylates
Authors: Strehmel Veronika , Kaestner Pia Isabel , Strehmel Bernd 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSynthesis of new ionic liquid methacrylates and dimethacrylates is described comprising ammonium structures and various anions (bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (NTf2), tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate (FAP), triflate (TFl), and trifluoroacetate (TFAc)). The structure of the anion has a stronger effect on both melting behavior and photopolymerization kinetics compared to the cation pattern. Photo‐differential scanning calorimetry investigation shows significant differences in the polymerization rate and final conversion depending on both the polymerization technique (bulk or solution polymerization using an ionic liquid as solvent) and the ionic liquid monomer under consideration. The results show that NTf2 or FAP should be preferred as anion over TFl and TFAc in the crosslinking photoinitiated polymerization because NTf2 and FAP result in both faster polymerization and higher final conversion. Interestingly, the presence of an ionic liquid methacrylate comprising the same anion as the ionic liquid dimethacrylate during the photoinitiated polymerization of the ionic liquid dimethacrylates results in an increase in final conversion that may be caused by lower crosslink density of the network formed, and therefore, higher mobility during the crosslinking process.