bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Waist‐to‐height ratio for the prediction of gallstone disease among different obesity indicators
Authors: Chou Tien‐Shin , Lin Chih‐Lang , Chen Li‐Wei , Hu Ching‐Chih , Chang Jia‐Jang , Yen Cho‐Li , Chen Shuo‐Wei , Liu Ching‐Jung , Chien Cheng‐Hung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundFactors of metabolic syndrome such as obesity are well‐known risk factors for gallstone disease (GSD). There are different indicators of obesity, including weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist‐to‐height ratio. The predictive ability of different obesity indicators for GSD remains unclear.ObjectiveTo explore the most efficient predictor of GSD among the different anthropometric indicators of obesity.MethodsThis population‐based cross‐sectional study included 2263 participants who completed a questionnaire detailing their demographics, medical history, and lifestyle between 2014 and 2017 in Taiwan. Blood samples were collected and physical examinations, including anthropometric measurements, were performed. Gallstone disease was ascertained using ultrasonography. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for GSD.ResultsThe overall prevalence of GSD was 8.8%. According to the multivariate analysis, individuals with a waist‐to‐height ratio ≥0.5 (odds ratio|odds ratios (OR) = 1.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10−2.48, p = 0.017) had an increased risk of GSD. Diabetes was the main risk factor for GSD in men (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.17−3.65, p = 0.013). Among women, waist‐to‐height ratio >0.5 (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.03−3.02, p = 0.040) and current hormone drug use (OR = 2.73, 95% CI = 1.09−6.84, p = 0.033) were significant risk factors for gallstones.ConclusionGSD was independently associated with central obesity and exogenous hormone intake in women. Among the anthropometric indicators used to assess central obesity, waist‐to‐height ratio was the most accurate predictor of GSD.
Self‐resistance heating forming and performance analysis of Al/PEEK/CFRP laminates
Authors: Zhang Yong , Li Yibo , Lu Yan , Liu Jinsong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo shorten the preparation cycle of Al/PEEK/CFRP laminates fabricated by Al sheets, peek films, and CFRP prepreg and reduce energy consumption during the preparation process to ensure the highest quality laminates, a novel forming process based on self‐resistance electric (SRE) heating was proposed. Considering the tensile properties, fracture morphology, and void content comprehensively, the influence of current intensity (11.5, 12.5, 13.5 A) on the forming quality of laminates was explored. This optimized electric heating process was compared with the traditional heating process with respect to forming time, energy consumption, and the performance of the prepared samples. The results show that when the current is 12.5 A, the molding quality of the samples prepared by the SRE process is better than that of the traditional process. In addition, the SRE process significantly reduces forming times and saves energy. This SRE heating method provides a new process optimization pathway for the preparation and formation of fiber metal laminates and exhibits great prospects for future research.
The limiting effect of genome size on xylem vessel diameter is shifted by environmental pressures in seed plants
Authors: Feng Xiangyan , Zhong Linfei , Zhou Hai , Bi Jingwen , Batool Huma , Zhang Xintan , Zhao Wenzhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCurrent and previous studies have extensively studied the physiological and ecological consequences of genome size (GS) on plants because of the limiting effect of GS on cell size. However, it is still obscure whether such limiting effect could be shifted by environmental pressures, or not. Here, we compiled a global dataset comprised of GS, xylem vessel diameter (Vdia), xylem hydraulic conductivity (KS), P50 (xylem water potential at the loss of 50% maximum KS), and climate factors of 251 phylogeny and habitat divergent species from 59 families. The results showed that GS could limit the Vdia of the species from the same family sampled in the similar climate conditions. But the expected positive relationship between GS and Vdia became uncertain and even negative across different environmental conditions. Vdia was strongly positively coordinated with mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and potential evapotranspiration (PET). Furthermore, Vdia as the anatomic foundation of plant hydraulic performance was strongly positively coordinated with KS and negatively coordinated with −P50. The strong environmental selection on KS and P50 explained the concerted regulation of Vdia by environmental factors. The findings revealed the combined regulation of GS and environmental pressures on xylem cell size and thus affected plant eco‐physiological performance. The shifted cell size limiting effect of GS by environmental factors manifests plants great plasticity under changed environmental conditions.
Molecular docking and A DFT study on the antiradical activity of naringenin and hesperetin with nitric oxide, peroxy, and methoxy radicals
Authors: Erdoğan Şaban , Özbakır Işın Dilara 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNaturally occurring flavonoids, naringenin (N) and hesperetin (H), were theoretically investigated for their ability to scavenge nitric oxide, peroxy, and methoxy radicals in gas, water, and benzene solvent media. BMK/6‐311+G(d,p) level of theory was used to for determine antiradical activity of the selected compounds and the calculation of reaction enthalpies related to three possible mechanisms of free radical scavenging activity, namely, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), single electron transfer–proton transfer (SET‐PT), and sequential proton loss electron transfer (SPLET). When the results were examined, it was seen that the SET‐PT mechanism was not an effective antioxidant effect mechanism in any solvent medium. In addition, in the absence of any radicals, HAT in the gas phase, SPLET in the water phase, and HAT and SPLET in the benzene phase are in competition. When the investigated antioxidants were examined in the presence of various radicals in terms of their antiradical scavenging properties, it was observed that the SET‐PT mechanism was not possible in all radicals and all solvent phases due to positive ionization potential (IP) values. In addition, it was determined that the SPLET mechanism pathway was the most likely mechanism pathway with all the radicals examined. In addition, molecular docking calculations of the studied molecules were made to compare the activities against to human peroxiredoxin‐5 (HP5), a protein with antioxidant properties.
The MECP2‐TRD domain interacts with the DNMT3A‐ADD domain at the H3‐tail binding site
Authors: Kunert Stefan , Linhard Verena , Weirich Sara , Choudalakis Michel , Osswald Florian , Krämer Lisa , Köhler Anja R. , Bröhm Alexander , Wollenhaupt Jan , Schwalbe Harald , Jeltsch Albert 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe DNMT3A DNA methyltransferase and MECP2 methylation reader are highly expressed in neurons. Both proteins interact via their DNMT3A‐ADD and MECP2‐TRD domains, and the MECP2 interaction regulates the activity and subnuclear localization of DNMT3A. Here, we mapped the interface of both domains using peptide SPOT array binding, protein pull‐down, equilibrium peptide binding assays, and structural analyses. The region D529‐D531 on the surface of the ADD domain was identified as interaction point with the TRD domain. This includes important residues of the histone H3 N‐terminal tail binding site to the ADD domain, explaining why TRD and H3 binding to the ADD domain is competitive. On the TRD domain, residues 214–228 containing K219 and K223 were found to be essential for the ADD interaction. This part represents a folded patch within the otherwise largely disordered TRD domain. A crystal structure analysis of ADD revealed that the identified H3/TDR lysine binding pocket is occupied by an arginine residue from a crystallographic neighbor in the ADD apoprotein structure. Finally, we show that mutations in the interface of ADD and TRD domains disrupt the cellular interaction of both proteins in NIH3T3 cells. In summary, our data show that the H3 peptide binding cleft of the ADD domain also mediates the interaction with the MECP2‐TRD domain suggesting that this binding site may have a broader role also in the interaction of DNMT3A with other proteins leading to complex regulation options by competitive and PTM specific binding.
Insecticidal potential of extracts, fractions, and molecules ofAconitum heterophyllumWall ex. Royle against aphidAphis craccivoraKoch (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Anmol  , Sharma Upendra , Reddy SG Eswara 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAphis craccivorais the major sap‐sucking pest of leguminous crops and vector of plant viruses that cause damage to plants and reduce yield. Indiscriminate and nonjudicious use of synthetic insecticides led to resistance development and harmful to environment. Therefore, it is important to discover plant‐based lead(s) which can replace synthetic insecticides. In the current study the residual toxicity of extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds ofAconitum heterophyllumwere evaluated againstA. craccivorato identify lead(s) for further development of botanical formulation.RESULTSIn residual contact assay, ethanolic (LC50 = 2837.17 mg L−1) and aqueous methanolic extracts (LC50 = 2971.59 mg L−1) were effective againstA. craccivora. Among fractions, then‐butanol fraction of the aqueous methanolic extract (LC50 = 986.96 mg L−1) was found to be most effective, followed by the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanolic extract (LC50 = 1037.52 mg L−1) and then‐hexane fraction of both extracts (LC50 = 1113.85 to 1233.11 mg L−1). Among pure molecules, aconitic acid was found to be the most effective (68% mortality; LC50 = 1313.19 mg L−1) and was on a par with azadirachtin 0.15% EC (66% mortality; LC50 = 1921.10 mg L−1). Furthermore, from the effect of ethanoic extract on detoxification enzyme inhibition inA. craccivorawe concluded that the target site of action of this extract inA. craccivoramight be glutathione S‐transferase.CONCLUSIONSThe parent extract/fractions ofA. heterophylumshowed promising activity againstA. craccivora. Among phytoconstituents of the active extract and fractions, aconitic acid was found to be on a par with azadirachtin 0.15% EC. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Successful treatment with dupilumab for mucus plugs in severe asthma
Authors: Anai Moriyasu , Yoshida Chieko , Izumi Hiroki , Muramoto Kei , Saruwatari Koichi , Tomita Yusuke , Ichiyasu Hidenori , Sakagami Takuro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 29‐year‐old man presented to our hospital with severe eosinophilic asthma. He needed a short OCS burst for exacerbation of asthma once every 1 or 2 months, although he used a high dose of inhaled corticosteroids and a long‐acting beta‐2 agonists. Chest CT showed multiple mucous plugs with bronchiectasis, but further examination found that he did not meet the diagnostic criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. After starting dupilumab for his severe eosinophilic asthma, his asthma control improved without exacerbation. Furthermore, most mucus plugs disappeared on chest CT after 16 weeks from initiating dupilumab. This case suggests that dupilumab may be an effective treatment against mucus plugs associated with severe eosinophilic asthma.
Toward Smart Sensing by MXene
Authors: Li Yufen , Huang Shirong , Peng Songang , Jia Hao , Pang Jinbo , Ibarlucea Bergoi , Hou Chongyang , Cao Yu , Zhou Weijia , Liu Hong , Cuniberti Gianaurelio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Internet of Things era has promoted enormous research on sensors, communications, data fusion, and actuators. Among them, sensors are a prerequisite for acquiring the environmental information for delivering to an artificial data center to make decisions. The MXene‐based sensors have aroused tremendous interest because of their extraordinary performances. In this review, the electrical, electronic, and optical properties of MXenes are first introduced. Next, the MXene‐based sensors are discussed according to the sensing mechanisms such as electronic, electrochemical, and optical methods. Initially, biosensors are introduced based on chemiresistors and field‐effect transistors. Besides, the wearable pressure sensor is demonstrated with piezoresistive devices. Third, the electrochemical methods include amperometry and electrochemiluminescence as examples. In addition, the optical approaches refer to surface plasmonic resonance and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Moreover, the prospects are delivered of multimodal data fusion toward complicated human‐like senses. Eventually, future opportunities for MXene research are conveyed in the new material discovery, structure design, and proof‐of‐concept devices.
Porcine antibody profiles of 33Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaefusion proteins fromM. hyopneumoniaenatural infection but not vaccination
Authors: Ning Yaru , Yang Yujiao , Tian Yaqin , Zhang Yun , Luo Wenyi , Wen Yukang , Zhou Yaoqin , Ding Honglei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the primary pathogen responsible for porcine enzootic pneumonia, reduces average daily weight gain and causes substantial economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Vaccination is the most common strategy to control this disease but offers partial protection. Therefore, developing next‐generation vaccines by screening protective antigens is crucial.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the antibody response to 33 recombinant proteins in pigs naturally infected withM. hyopneumoniae.MethodsThe genes encoding 33 (hypothetical) membrane proteins or secretory proteins were ligated into pGEX‐6P‐1, pGEX‐6P‐2, pGEX‐5X‐3 or pGEX‐4T‐3 vectors and transformed intoEscherichia coliBL21(DE3) orE. coliXL‐1 Blue to construct recombinant bacteria and to express the recombinant proteins. The recombinant bacteria expressing the target proteins reacted with porcine convalescent sera and negative sera to screen immunodominant proteins by ELISA. Then, recombinant bacteria expressing immunodominant proteins were used to identify the discriminating immunodominant proteins that were recognised by convalescent sera nut not hyperimmune sera.ResultsAll recombinant bacteria could express the target recombinant proteins in soluble form. Twenty‐one proteins were shown to present immunodominant antigens, and four proteins were not recognised by convalescent sera. Moreover, six proteins were considered discriminating and reacted with convalescent sera but not with hyperimmune sera.ConclusionsThe identified immunodominant proteins were antigenic and expressed during bacterial infection, suggesting that these proteins, especially those capable of discriminating between sera, can be used to identify protective antigens with the view to develop more effective vaccines againstM. hyopneumoniaeinfection.
Drain Versus No Drain in Open Mesh Repair for Incisional Hernia, Results of a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Willemin Mélissa , Schaffer Clara , Kefleyesus Amaniel , Dayer Anna , Demartines Nicolas , Schäfer Markus , Allemann Pierre 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundOpen mesh repair of incisional hernia is associated with different local complications, particularly bleeding and seroma formation. Traditionally, drains have been placed perioperatively to prevent these complications, despite the lack of scientific evidence or expert consensus. We formulated the hypothesis that the absence of drainage would reduce number of patients presenting collections or complications. The present study aimed to compare postoperative complication rates after open mesh repair for incisional hernia with or without prophylactic wound drainage.MethodsProspective randomized study using standardized surgical technique and drain placement. The primary endpoint was the evaluation of residual fluid collection with ultrasound on postoperative day 30. Other complications, subdivided into medical and surgical, were analyzed as secondary endpoints.ResultsThere were 144 patients randomized (70 with drain, 74 without drain). No difference was identified between both groups for fluid collection at 30 days (60.3% vs. 62%, p = 0.844). However, less surgical complications were identified in the drain group (21.7% vs. 42.7%, p = 0.007), with a lower wound dehiscence rate (1.5% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.041).ConclusionsProphylactic drainage in open incisional hernia repair does not objectively reduce the rate of postoperative fluid collections. Therefore, our results do not support the use of routine drainage in incisional hernia repair.Trial registrationTrial registration on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00478348).
A question of rite—pearl millet consumption at Nok culture sites, Nigeria (second/first millennium BC)
Authors: Champion Louis , Höhn Alexa , Neumann Katharina , Franke Gabriele , Breunig Peter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Nok culture in central Nigeria, dated 1500–1 calbc, is known for its famous terracotta sculptures. We here present a study on > 11,000 botanical macro-remains from 50 sites, including 343 samples from Nok contexts and 22 samples dating between calad100 and 400, after the end of the Nok culture. With 9,220 remains, pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus(L.) Morrone, syn.Pennisetum glaucum(L.) R.Br.) is dominant in the Nok samples, followed by cowpea (Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp.),Canarium schweinfurthiiEngl.,Nauclea latifoliaSm. (syn.Sarcocephalus latifolius(Sm.) E.A.Bruce), wild fruit trees and wild Poaceae. The pearl millet remains consist exclusively of charred caryopses; chaff remains are completely absent. Because we studied all size fractions, including the small 0.5 mm fractions usually containing the involucres, bristles and husks, the absence of pearl millet chaff is real, excluding a methodological explanation, and distinguishes Nok from contemporary other West African sites. We propose that most excavated Nok sites were consumer sites where clean grain was brought in from outside and consumed in a ritual context connected with feasting. This is in line with the archaeological evidence from the larger excavated sites with stone-pot arrangements that are interpreted as ritual places related to mortuary practices. In addition to the known southward branches of pearl millet diffusion from the Sahara we propose a new, hitherto unknown branch directly from the central Sahara to the central Nigerian savannas.
Renal angiotensin I-converting enzyme-deficient mice are protected against aristolochic acid nephropathy
Authors: Juretzko Annett , Steinbach Antje , Witte Jeannine , Hannemann Anke , Miehe Bärbel , Siegerist Florian , Wolke Carmen , Stracke Sylvia , Rettig Rainer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The renal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the development of chronic kidney disease. Here, we investigated whether mice with reduced renal angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE−/−) are protected against aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). To further elucidate potential molecular mechanisms, we assessed the renal abundances of several major RAS components. AAN was induced using aristolochic acid I (AAI). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined using inulin clearance and renal protein abundances of renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) 2, and Mas receptor (Mas) were determined in ACE−/− and C57BL/6J control mice by Western blot analyses. Renal ACE activity was determined using a colorimetric assay and renal angiotensin (Ang) (1–7) concentration was determined by ELISA. GFR was similar in vehicle-treated mice of both strains. AAI decreased GFR in controls but not in ACE−/− mice. Furthermore, AAI decreased renal ACE activity in controls but not in ACE−/− mice. Vehicle-treated ACE−/− mice had significantly higher renal ACE2 and Mas protein abundances than controls. AAI decreased renal ACE2 protein abundance in both strains. Furthermore, AAI increased renal Mas protein abundance, although the latter effect did not reach statistical significance in the ACE−/− mice. Renal Ang(1–7) concentration was similar in vehicle-treated mice of both strains. AAI increased renal Ang(1–7) concentration in the ACE−/− mice but not in the controls. Mice with reduced renal ACE are protected against AAN. Our data suggest that in the face of renal ACE deficiency, AAI may activate the ACE2/Ang(1–7)/Mas axis, which in turn may deploy its reno-protective effects.
Biogeochemical dynamics during snowmelt and in summer in the Alps
Authors: Rindt Oscar , Rosinger Christoph , Bonkowski Michael , Rixen Christian , Brüggemann Nicolas , Urich Tim , Fiore-Donno Anna Maria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn alpine zones, soil microbial biomass and activity are strongly dependent on the seasonal snow cover. Current models assume that microbial biomass reaches an annual peak in winter under the insulating snowpack with a subsequent sharp decline during snowmelt. In this study, we investigated the seasonal dynamics of the soil microbial biomass in the Central Alps, where usually early snowfall buffers winter soil temperatures. We conducted a large-scale survey in three mountains around Davos (Switzerland) along altitudinal gradients from approximately 1900 to 2800 m above sea level. Using a space-for-time approach during snowmelt, soil samples were taken (1) under, (2) at the edge of, and (3) one meter away from remaining snow patches. One additional sample per site was taken in summer to further evaluate the seasonal dynamics. In total, 184 soil samples from 46 different sites were analyzed. We measured microbial biomass C and N, enzymatic activity and dissolved C and N. We observed an increase of microbial biomass and dissolved C during and immediately after snowmelt, as well as an increase from spring to summer. We suggest that the absence of soil freezing in winter and the growing amounts of dissolved C supported a continued growth, without a sudden collapse of the microbial biomass. Our results underline the importance of the insulating effect of the seasonal snow cover for the microbial dynamics. Global warming is modifying the timing and abundance of the seasonal snow cover, and our results will help to refine models for the dynamics of soil microbes in alpine ecosystems.