bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reverse innovation and firm value in emerging markets: Evidence from China
Authors: Hou Fangfang , Li Congshan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReverse innovation (RI) patents, which apply to intellectual property that is created in an emerging country but patented in a developed country, are better representatives of innovation value than domestic patents in emerging economies. We argue that RI patents contribute to firm value by proxying for the private value of innovation, generating product market value, and signalling firms’ capabilities. Using a sample of Chinese‐listed companies, we find RI patents positively relate to firms’ short‐ and long‐term market value. This effect is stronger for firms with high innovative intensity and managerial ability. We also explore the mechanisms behind the relationship between RI and firm value. We demonstrate that, in addition to the domestic patent functions of creating value and capturing innovation rent, RI patents can further leverage firm value by signalling firm quality to customers and investors in developed markets, a function that is unique to RI patents.
Evidence of rare misassemblies in the bovine reference genome revealed by population genetic metrics
Authors: Qanbari Saber , Schnabel Robert D. , Wittenburg Dörte 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCreation of the bovine reference assembly paved the way to develop the high‐throughput genotyping arrays of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on the available map coordinates that facilitated major advances in gene mapping and selection programs. The assembly flaws, however, may cause false results in the downstream gene mapping studies. The most recent bovine reference genome (ARS‐UCD1.2) is built on the long‐read sequences that provides improved quality and continuity. By applying population genetic metrics in this study, we aimed to evaluate the map coordinates to which SNP markers were assigned. We employed a three‐step approach by combining the recombination and linkage disequilibrium analyses to test if the markers fit into the assigned physical map coordinates. We applied the method to the bovine 50k array in a large pedigree of Holstein cattle and revealed a panel of 65 candidate markers, most of which were re‐located either on a different chromosome or re‐mapped as far as several million base pairs away on the same chromosome. This list of candidates accounts for 0.1% of the SNPs in the widely used 50k genotyping array and we foresee a reasonably larger set of markers being misplaced in the BovineHD 700K BeadChip. We suggest pre‐removal of the candidate misplaced markers to reduce false signals in association mapping studies.
Learning from the law: a review of 21 years of litigation for anaesthetic negligence resulting in peripartum hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
Authors: McCombe K. , Bogod D. G. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryOne of the most devastating complications that can result from medical mismanagement during labour and delivery is hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy has profound implications for the newborn and its family, as well as for the healthcare team involved. Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy can take only minutes to develop, but the repercussions of this complication can last a lifetime. A proportion of these injuries arise from failure to deliver the baby within a sufficiently short time frame once fetal compromise has been recognised. Obstetric anaesthetists are often involved in such claims, usually in relation to a perception that provision of anaesthesia for caesarean section was unduly delayed. In the following article, using a database of over 360 cases spanning 21 years, we break down and examine the recurrent components of medicolegal claims concerning the anaesthetic involvement in hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, and consider how increased awareness of the anaesthetic contribution to this complication might reduce future harm, improve clinical standards and consequently decrease the need for litigation.
An evaluation of the outcome metric ‘days alive and at home’ in older patients after hip fracture surgery
Authors: Wu A. , Fahey M. T. , Cui D. , El‐Behesy B. , Story D. A. 
Published: May 2022

Summary‘Days alive and at home’ is a validated measure that estimates the time spent at home, defined as the place of residence before admission to hospital. We evaluated this metric in older adults after hip fracture surgery and assessed two follow‐up durations, 30 and 90 days. Patients aged ≥ 70 years who underwent hip fracture surgery were identified retrospectively via hospital admission and government mortality records. Patients who successfully returned home and were still alive within 90 days of surgery were distinguished from those who were not. Regression models were used to examine which variables were associated with failure to return home and number of days at home among those who did return, within 90 days of surgery. We analysed the records of 825 patients. Median (IQR [range]) number of days at home within 90 days (n = 788) was 54 (0–76 [0–88]) days and within 30 days (n = 797) it was 2 (0–21 [0–28]) days. Out of these, 274 (35%) patients did not return home within 90 days and 374 (47%) within 30 days after surgery. Known peri‐operative risk‐factors such as older age, pre‐operative anaemia and postoperative acute renal impairment were associated with failure to return home. This study supports days alive and at home as a useful patient‐centred outcome measure in older adults after hip fracture surgery. We recommend that this metric should be used in clinical trials and measured at 90, rather than 30, postoperative days. As nearly half of this patient population did not return home within 30 days, the shorter time‐period catches fewer meaningful events.
Outcomes of 325 one anastomosis gastric bypass operations: an Australian case series
Authors: Gricks Benjamin , Eldredge Thomas , Bessell Justin , Shenfine Jon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) is a relatively novel procedure. Studies have demonstrated that it is at least as effective as other bariatric procedures but with fewer major complications and shorter operating time, yet OAGB is performed less partially due to a paucity of supportive evidence. We report the outcomes of a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing laparoscopic OAGB.MethodsAll OAGB procedures performed by two surgeons across two hospitals from 2016 to 2019 were recorded in a prospectively maintained database. Patients with at least 1 year of follow up were included in this study and missing data was obtained from patient records. The primary outcome was percentage excess weight loss (EWL). The secondary outcome was surgical complication rate.ResultsThree hundred and twenty‐five patients with a mean pre‐operative body mass index of 43.3 kg/m2 were included. The majority (85.2%) had a biliopancreatic limb length of 150 cm. The median EWL was 74.2% and 79.4% of patients achieved at least 50% EWL. There were no deaths, the overall re‐operation rate was 4.9% and 1.9% of patients developed stomal ulcers. Seven patients went on to have a Roux‐en‐Y conversion predominantly for symptomatic reflux.ConclusionOAGB leads to excellent weight loss and is at least as safe as more commonly performed procedures, it may be a suitable treatment for a greater number of patients than it is being offered to at present.
Pelvic exenteration: a review of current issues/controversies
Authors: Shine Rebecca J. , Glyn Tamara , Frizelle Frank 
Published: May 2022

AbstractManagement of advanced or recurrent pelvic cancer has evolved dramatically over the past few decades. Patients who were previously considered inoperable are now candidates for potentially curative surgery and avoid suffering with intractable symptoms. Up to 10% of primary rectal cancers present with isolated advanced local disease and between 10% and 15% of patients develop localized recurrence following proctectomy. Advances in surgical technique, reconstruction and multidisciplinary involvement have led to a reduction in mortality and morbidity and culminated in higher R0 resection rates with superior longer‐term survival outcomes. Recent studies boast over 50% 5‐year survival for rectal with an R0 resection. Exenteration has cemented itself as an important treatment option for advanced primary/recurrent pelvic tumours, however, there are still a few controversies. This review will discuss some of these issues, including: limitations of resection and the approach to high/wide tumours; the role of acute exenteration; re‐exenteration; exenteration in the setting of metastatic disease and palliation; the role of radiotherapy (including intra‐operative and re‐irradiation); management of the empty pelvis; and the impact on quality of life and function.
Leveraging time series of satellite and aerial images to promote the long‐term monitoring of restored plant communities
Authors: Taddeo Sophie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsEcological restoration is integral to meeting conservation goals in rapidly changing landscapes, but outcomes vary substantially with some projects failing to meet their targets. To understand the causes of this variability, long‐term monitoring of existing projects is critical, but this comes at considerable costs. Current literature counts several studies using time series of satellite images to assess vegetation responses to disturbances and landscape transformations. Yet such methods are seldom used in the restoration literature and in practice. This synthesis seeks to identify how common remote sensing approaches for the assessment of plant recovery could inform the monitoring and management of restored plant communities.MethodsThis paper reviews the methods and metrics used to detect trajectories (i.e., change through time) in plant properties from rich time series of aerial and satellite images following change drivers including fire, extreme climatic events, climate change, and pest outbreaks. Specifically, it reviews the sensors, vegetation properties, modeling approaches, and indicators that can help measure plant stress and response to interventions.Results and ConclusionsRemote sensing methods commonly used in disturbance ecology and assessments of land‐cover changes could inform the monitoring of restoration projects at low cost and over large spatio‐temporal scales, thus bridging the gap between field surveys to rapidly identify stressors or unexpected vegetation responses. Potential applications include comparing sites to identify factors impacting their responses to restoration, assessing restoration success, and testing ecological hypotheses to guide future project planning and design.
Driving is believing: Using telepresence robots to access makerspace for teachers in rural areas
Authors: Chen Ye , Cao Li , Guo Lin , Cheng Jiaming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study explored two different ways for K‐12 school teachers to access educational makerspace through virtual fieldtrips. K‐12 school teachers from rural areas of the Southeast USA were divided into two groups. The experimental group (n = 48) drove telepresence robots to take their fieldtrip, while the comparison group (n = 23) watched the same fieldtrip through a recorded video. Analyses of the quantitative and qualitative data, collected through surveys and written reflections, showed that the experimental group reported significantly higher scores in embodiment, social presence and engagement (ie, behaviour, emotion and cognition) than the comparison group, and that actual driving the robots for the virtual fieldtrips was highlighted as a favored experience. Educational significance and implications are discussed.
Practitioner notesWhat is currently known about this topic

With makerspaces gaining increasing attention in K‐12 education, professional development (PD) opportunities are needed to help teachers understand makerspaces and related technologies.
Teachers in rural areas are faced with the challenges of accessing makerspace resources and opportunities, especially during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Little research has explored teacher makerspace PD in rural areas.
Maker resource deficiency in rural areas and the COVID‐19 pandemic call for an alternative approach to the makerspace PD, particularly for teachers in rural areas.
What this paper adds

Explored the use of telepresence robots for rural teachers to access an authentic makerspace through virtual fieldtrips.
Examined the effects of virtual fieldtrip to access makerspaces on K‐12 teachers' embodiment, social presence and engagement.
Examined the aspects of the telepresence fieldtrip that were most valuable to K‐12 teachers.
Investigated the factors that contribute to teachers' engagement in a virtual fieldtrip.
Implications for practitioners

Telepresence robot was an effective tool that enabled teachers in rural areas to explore authentic makerspaces through a virtual trip over distance.
To help teachers conceptualize the idea of makerspace, it is important to allow teachers to move in the physical makerspace and interact with the environment.
To design an engaging fieldtrip that triggers active learning, more attention should be given to how to develop the emotional aspect of a fieldtrip experience.
Embodiment plays an important role in virtual fieldtrips. When teachers have a higher level of embodiment, they are more likely to be emotionally and cognitively engaged in a fieldtrip experience.
Synergy between machine learning and natural products cheminformatics: Application to the lead discovery of anthraquinone derivatives
Authors: Moshawih Said , Goh Hui Poh , Kifli Nurolaini , Idris Azam Che , Yassin Hayati , Kotra Vijay , Goh Khang Wen , Liew Kai Bin , Ming Long Chiau 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCheminformatics utilizing machine learning (ML) techniques have opened up a new horizon in drug discovery. This is owing to vast chemical space expansion with rocketing numbers of expected hits and lead compounds that match druggable macromolecular targets, in particular from natural compounds. Due to the natural products’ (NP) structural complexity, uniqueness, and diversity, they could occupy a bigger space in pharmaceuticals, allowing the industry to pursue more selective leads in the nanomolar range of binding affinity. ML is an essential part of each step of the drug design pipeline, such as target prediction, compound library preparation, and lead optimization. Notably, molecular mechanic and dynamic simulations, induced docking, and free energy perturbations are essential in predicting best binding poses, binding free energy values, and molecular mechanics force fields. Those applications have leveraged from artificial intelligence (AI), which decreases the computational costs required for such costly simulations. This review aimed to describe chemical space and compound libraries related to NPs. High‐throughput screening utilized for fractionating NPs and high‐throughput virtual screening and their strategies, and significance, are reviewed. Particular emphasis was given to AI approaches, ML tools, algorithms, and techniques, especially in drug discovery of macrocyclic compounds and approaches in computer‐aided and ML‐based drug discovery. Anthraquinone derivatives were discussed as a source of new lead compounds that can be developed using ML tools for diverse medicinal uses such as cancer, infectious diseases, and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, the power of principal component analysis in understanding relevant protein conformations, and molecular modeling of protein–ligand interaction were also presented. Apart from being a concise reference for cheminformatics, this review is a useful text to understand the application of ML‐based algorithms to molecular dynamics simulation and in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity prediction.
Categorization of cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule as epithelioid hemangioma or angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia: Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses of seven lesions
Authors: Goto Keisuke , Ogawa Kohei , Fukai Tatsuo , Miura Keiko , Yanagihara Shigeto , Honma Keiichiro , Motoi Toru 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe status of cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule (CEAN) as a distinct entity remains controversial. This study investigated the relationship between CEAN and epithelioid hemangioma/angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE).MethodsData of seven lesions with CEAN features from four cases (Cases 1–4: 61‐year‐old, 76‐year‐old, 53‐year‐old, and 21‐year‐old men, respectively) were investigated.ResultsCases 1 and 2 showed multiple lesions in the head and neck region, but Cases 3 and 4 showed solitary lesions on the back and scalp, respectively. Moreover, the histopathologic findings of the lesions of Cases 1 and 2 were consistent with those of conventional epithelioid hemangioma or classic cutaneous ALHE. Diffuse immunoexpression of FOSB was observed in Cases 1 and 2, but FOSB split signals were absent in break‐apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In contrast, the histopathologic findings of the lesions of Cases 3 and 4 were consistent with those of cellular‐type epithelioid hemangiomas. Diffuse immunoreactivity for c‐FOS was observed in Cases 3 and 4, and split signals of FOS were present in break‐apart FISH in Case 3.ConclusionsThis study showed that the seven tumors with CEAN features could be reclassified under the epithelioid hemangioma/ALHE group, although the small sample size is a limitation.
Postsurgical pain assessment in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: A scoping review
Authors: Sierra‐Núñez Débora , Zuriguel‐Pérez Esperanza , Bosch‐Alcaraz Alejandro 
Published: May 2022

AimTo investigate factors that influence the assessment of postoperative pain in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and the tools available to determine pain intensity.MethodThe search was performed in January 2022 using six databases. Articles focused on paediatric patients with CP; we included instruments for postsurgical pain assessment in this population published in the last 11 years.ResultsEight of 441 studies were included. Males and females behave differently; their families can be called on to describe their pain responses. Seven instruments for pain assessment were identified: the Non‐Communicating Children's Pain Checklist and its Postoperative Version; the Paediatric Pain Profile; the revised Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) pain scale; the Douleur Enfant San Salvador scale; the Pain Indicator for Communicatively Impaired Children; the University of Wisconsin Children's Hospital Pain Scale; and the Individualized Numeric Rating Scale.InterpretationThe revised FLACC pain scale is suited to postsurgical units because of its ease of use and the fact that parental collaboration is not required. More studies are needed to demonstrate the clinical utility of these scales in postsurgical units and the factors that influence pain assessment.What this paper adds

Families should be asked to collaborate when assessing pain in children and adolescents whenever possible.
Larger studies that focus on the factors influencing pain assessment in this population are required.
The effect of priming on fraud: Evidence from a natural field experiment
Authors: Bindra Parampreet Christopher , Pearce Graeme 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present a natural field experiment to examine if priming can influence behavior in a market for credence goods. 40 testers took 600 taxi journeys in Vienna, Austria, and using a between–subject design we vary the script they spoke, each designed to prime either honesty, dishonesty, or a competitor. We find that the honesty prime increases taxi fares by 5.5% relative to a baseline, the result of overcharging rather than overtreatment. Priming dishonesty and a competitor have no impact on fares. We find that the effects of priming on behavior are likely to be small compared to information asymmetries.
Reappraisal of the Medical Research Council Antiepileptic Drug Withdrawal Study: Contamination‐adjusted and dose‐response re‐analysis
Authors: Terman Samuel W. , Wang Chang , Wang Lu , Braun Kees P. J. , Otte Willem M. , Slinger Geertruida , Kerr Wesley T. , Lossius Morten I. , Bonnett Laura , Burke James F. , Marson Anthony 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe 1991 Medical Research Council (MRC) Study compared seizure relapse for seizure‐free patients randomized to withdraw vs continue of antiseizure medications (ASMs). We re‐analyzed this trial to account for crossover between arms using contamination‐adjusted intention to treat (CA ITT) methods, to explore dose‐response curves, and to validate predictions against external data. ITT assesses the effect of being randomized to withdraw, as‐treated analysis assesses the confounded effect of withdrawing, but CA ITT assesses the unconfounded effect of actually withdrawing.MethodsCA ITT involves two stages. First, we used randomized arm to predict whether patients withdrew their ASM (logistic) or total daily ASM dose (linear). Second, we used those values to predict seizure occurrence (logistic).ResultsThe trial randomized 503 patients to withdraw and 501 patients to continue ASMs. We found that 316 of 376 patients (88%) who were randomized to withdraw decreased their dose at every pre‐seizure visit, compared with 35 of 424 (8%) who were randomized to continue (p < .01). Adjusted odds ratios of a 2‐year seizure for those who withdrew vs those who did not was 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9–1.9) in the as‐treated analysis, 2.5 (95% CI 1.9–3.4) comparing those randomized to withdraw vs continue for ITT, and 3.1 (95% CI 2.1–4.5) for CA ITT. Probabilities (withdrawal vs continue) were 28% vs 24% (as‐treated), 40% vs 22% (ITT), and 43% vs 21% (CA ITT). Differences between ITT and CA ITT were greater when varying the predictor (reaching zero ASMs) or outcome (1‐year seizures). As‐treated dose‐response curves demonstrated little to no effects, but larger effects in CA ITT analysis. MRC data overpredicted risk in Lossius data, with moderate discrimination (areas under the curve ~0.70).SignificanceCA ITT results (the effect of actually withdrawing ASMs on seizures) were slightly greater than ITT effects (the effect of recommend withdrawing ASMs on seizures). How these findings affect clinical practice must be individualized.
NVX‐Cov2373 Novavax Covid‐19 vaccine: A further analysis of its efficacy using multiple modes of expression
Authors: Montastruc Jean‐Louis , Biron Pierre , Sommet Agnès 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA fifth vaccine against Covid‐19, NVX‐CoV2373 Nuvavoxid® (Novavax), a protein‐based adjuvanted vaccine, was recently marketed in Europe. The main clinical trial before marketing concluded to a ‘vaccine efficacy’ of 89.7% without talking about other validated efficacy parameters. We further analysed the data of this clinical trial using the different validated methods of risk expression: absolute risks (AR), AR reduction (ARR) and number needed to treat (NNT). ARR and NNT values were 1.22% and 82, respectively, for an RR value of 0.10. Description of these parameters allowed defining some interesting characteristics of NVX‐CoV2373 efficacy according to age, race, variant and coexisting illness. Finally, we ask that the results of clinical trials be systematically presented, using not only RR but also including AR, ARR and NNT.