bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychische Gesundheit: Unsichtbare Wunden
Authors: Leusmann Eliza 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNicht nur, aber besonders zu Pandemiezeiten leiden Studierende, Doktorand:innen und Lehrende psychisch – etwa unter Isolation, Leistungsdruck und Unsicherheit über die Zukunft. Möglicherweise hilft Betroffenen schon das Wissen, dass sie nicht alleine sind.
Enhanced mechanical properties and self‐heating performance of few‐layer graphene‐poly vinylidene fluoride based nanocomposites
Authors: Dayananda Hakkimakki Manjegowda , Makari Hanumanthappa Krishnappa , Sreepad Holalkere RamachandraRao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe development of a lower voltage induced high‐performance self‐heating nanocomposite materials for jole‐heating applications has been an intense challenge. Here in, we report a poly vinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/few layer graphene (FLG) based high‐performance self‐heating nanocomposites fabricated via facile solution casting method. The as fabricated PVDF‐FLG nanocomposites were tested by various characterization techniques such as X‐ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission‐scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical and electrothermal properties were investigated by universal testing machine and IR thermography. Use of increasing content of FLG from 4 to 16 wt%, as an electrically and thermally conductive filler significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and joule heating efficiency of the nanocomposites. The conductivity of PVDF‐FLG nanocomposites increased from 0.022 S/cm to 0.815 S/cm and tensile stress improved from 27.1 MPa to 48.6 MPa with increase of FLG content from 4 wt% to 16 wt% respectively. As revealed by the IR thermography results, the joule heating effect of the nanocomposites was dominated by applied voltage and FLG content of the nanocomposites. The temperature of the nanocomposite with the highest FLG content that is, PVDF‐FLG 16 exhibited significant increase in temperature from 38.6 to 155°C °C with increase of applied voltage from 4 to 16 V respectively. Therefore, these self‐heating PVDF‐FLG nanocomposites have the great potential to be used in various joule heating applications owing to their efficient heating with low‐power consumption.
Lung ultrasound in Italian neonatal intensive care units: A national survey
Authors: Corsini Iuri , Parri Niccolò , Ficial Benjamim , Ciarcià Martina , Migliaro Fiorella , Capasso Letizia , Savoia Marilena , Gizzi Camilla , Clemente Maria , Raimondi Francesco , Dani Carlo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionLung ultrasound (LU) is a noninvasive, bedside imaging technique that is attracting growing interest in the evaluation of neonatal respiratory diseases. We conducted a nationwide survey of LU usage in Italian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).MethodsA structured questionnaire was developed and sent online to 114 Italian NICUs from June to September 2021.ResultsThe response rate was 79%. In the past 4 years (range: 2–6), LU has been adopted in 82% of Italian NICUs. It is the first‐choice diagnostic test in 23% of the centers surveyed. The main LU diagnostic applications reported were: pneumothorax (95%), respiratory distress syndrome (89%), transient tachypnea of the newborn (89%), plural effusion (88%), atelectasis (66%), pneumonia (64%), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (43%), congenital pulmonary airway malformation (41%), and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (34%). Thirty percent of participating centers calculated LU score routinely, but only seven units used it to predict the need for surfactant replacement. Sixty‐six percent of respondents learned the LU technique via a self‐training process, while 34% of them visited an expert in the field for one‐to‐one tuition.ConclusionsLU has a widespread use in Italian NICUs. However, the use of LU is extremely heterogeneous among centers. There is an urgent need to ensure standardization of clinical practice guidelines and to design and implement a formalized and accredited training program.
Tri‐objective optimization of a synergistic wind‐photovoltaic plant for water desalination addressing sustainable development goals
Authors: Saboori Hedayat , Mehrjerdi Hasan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe sixth goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) announced by the United Nations addresses water and sanitation; its first target is providing safe and affordable drinking water. Water desalination is introduced as a viable alternative considering the present situation of the water resources and their consumption and pollution. However, desalination processes' high energy intensity conflicts with energy and climate‐related SDGs. Correspondingly, the first target of SGD 6 can be translated to an affordable, eco‐friendly, and reliable water desalination. However, these objectives are conflicting considering the current status of desalination. Accordingly, this article proposes a novel multi‐objective model by quantifying the interweaved sustainable development goals for water desalination. To this end, a tri‐objective mixed‐integer linear model is developed to compromise the abovementioned goals, that is, water production cost, supply reliability, and carbon emission. The proposed water desalination system is fed by a combined wind‐photovoltaic‐diesel system, employs power and water storage, and seeks a trade‐off solution based on the planner's preferences. The model is flexible in terms of the degree of achievement of each goal. A detailed analysis is performed, enabling the decision‐maker to comprehend the goals interlinkage based on the degree of achievements and deterioration concerning the other goals.
Epitaxial Growth of Lead‐Free 2D Cs3Cu2I5 Perovskites for High‐Performance UV Photodetectors
Authors: Lv Jianan , Lu Xinyue , Li Xin , Xu Minxuan , Zhong Jiasong , Zheng Xin , Shi Yueqin , Zhang Xuefeng , Zhang Qi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe all‐inorganic lead‐free Cu‐based halide perovskites represented by the Cs−Cu−I system, have sparked extensive interest recently due to their impressive photophysical characteristics. However, successive works on their potential application in light emission diodes and photodetectors rely on tiny polycrystals, in which the grain boundaries and defects may lead to the performance degradation of their embodied devices. Here, 2D all‐inorganic perovskite Cs3Cu2I5 single crystals are epitaxially grown on mica substrates, with a thickness down to 10 nm. The strong blue emission of the Cs3Cu2I5 flakes may originate from the radiative transition of self‐trapped excitons associated with a large Stocks shift and long (microsecond) decay time. Ultravioelt (UV) photodetectors based on individual Cs3Cu2I5 nanosheets are fabricated via a swift and etching‐free dry transfer approach, which reveal a high responsivity of 3.78 A W–1 (270 nm, 5 V bias), as well as a fast response speed (τrise ≈163 ms, τdecay ≈203 ms), outperforming congeneric UV sensors based on other 2D metal halide perovskites. This work therefore sheds light on the fabrication of green optoelectronic devices based on lead‐free 2D perovskites, vital for the sustainable development of photoelectric technology.
Strategies for the Synthesis of Fluorinated Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Oligonucleotides
Authors: Shet Harshita , Sahu Rajesh , Sanghvi Yogesh S. , Kapdi Anant R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFluorinated nucleosides and oligonucleotides are of specific interest as probes for studying nucleic acids interaction, structures, biological transformations, and its biomedical applications. Among various modifications of oligonucleotides, fluorination of preformed nucleoside and/or nucleotides have recently gained attention owing to the unique properties of fluorine atoms imparting medicinal properties with respect to the small size, electronegativity, lipophilicity, and ability for stereochemical control. This review deals with synthetic protocols for selective fluorination either at sugar or base moiety in a preformed nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids using specific fluorinating reagents.
Reading Without Words: Cultivating Bi/Multilingual Family Engagement
Authors: Moody Stephanie M. , Matthews Sharon D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMany family literacy programs are designed to teach bi/multilingual families school‐based reading strategies, which often downplays families' rich cultural and linguistic resources and accentuates the gap between home and school literacy. We designed Reading Without Words to investigate how wordless picture books could be used to feature the meaningful literacy practices bi/multilingual families enact. We engaged dozen Spanish–English Latinx bilingual families in the reading of one wordless picture book, and found that interactions with this text cultivated natural family engagement through creative and collaborative oral storytelling, the use of picture‐based evidence, and the flexible application of language. Their reading moves guide our suggestions for traditional family literacy program modifications that highlight the use of wordless picture books and position bi/multilingual families as experts so that educators and families can collaborate to build meaningful literacy practices.
Association of intraplacental oxygenation patterns on dual‐contrast MRI with placental abnormality and fetal brain oxygenation
Authors: Sun Z. , Wu W. , Zhao P. , Wang Q. , Woodard P. K. , Nelson D. M. , Odibo A. , Cahill A. , Wang Y. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesMost human in‐vivo placental imaging techniques are unable to distinguish and characterize various placental compartments, such as the intervillous space (IVS), placental vessels (PV) and placental tissue (PT), limiting their specificity. We describe a method that employs T2* and diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to differentiate automatically placental compartments, quantify their oxygenation properties and identify placental lesions (PL) in vivo. We also investigate the association between placental oxygenation patterns and fetal brain oxygenation.MethodsThis was a prospective study conducted between 2018 and 2021 in which dual‐contrast clinical MRI data (T2* and diffusion‐weighted MRI) were acquired from patients between 20 and 38 weeks' gestation. We trained a fuzzy clustering method to analyze T2* and diffusion‐weighted MRI data and assign placental voxels to one of four clusters, based on their distinct imaging domain features. The new method divided automatically the placenta into IVS, PV, PT and PL compartments and characterized their oxygenation changes throughout pregnancy.ResultsA total of 27 patients were recruited, of whom five developed pregnancy complications. Total placental oxygenation level and T2* did not demonstrate a statistically significant temporal correlation with gestational age (GA) (R2 = 0.060, P = 0.27). In contrast, the oxygenation level reflected by T2* values in the placental IVS (R2 = 0.51, P = 0.0002) and PV (R2 = 0.76, P = 1.1 × 10−7) decreased significantly with advancing GA. Oxygenation levels in the PT did not show any temporal change during pregnancy (R2 = 0.00044, P = 0.93). A strong spatial‐dependent correlation between PV oxygenation level and GA was observed. The strongest negative correlation between PV oxygenation and GA (R2 = 0.73, P = 4.5 × 10−7) was found at the fetal‐vessel‐dominated region close to the chorionic plate. The location and extent of the placental abnormality were automatically delineated and quantified in the five women with clinically confirmed placental pathology. Compared to the averaged total placental oxygenation, placental IVS oxygenation level best reflected fetal brain oxygenation level during fetal development.ConclusionBased on clinically feasible dual‐MRI, our method enables accurate spatiotemporal quantification of placental compartment and fetal brain oxygenation across different GAs. This information should improve our knowledge of human placenta development and its relationship with normal and abnormal pregnancy. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Pre‐exascale HPC approaches for molecular dynamics simulations. Covid‐19 research: A use case
Authors: Wieczór Miłosz , Genna Vito , Aranda Juan , Badia Rosa M. , Gelpí Josep Lluís , Gapsys Vytautas , de Groot Bert L. , Lindahl Erik , Municoy Martí , Hospital Adam , Orozco Modesto 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExascale computing has been a dream for ages and is close to becoming a reality that will impact how molecular simulations are being performed, as well as the quantity and quality of the information derived for them. We review how the biomolecular simulations field is anticipating these new architectures, making emphasis on recent work from groups in the BioExcel Center of Excellence for High Performance Computing. We exemplified the power of these simulation strategies with the work done by the HPC simulation community to fight Covid‐19 pandemics.This article is categorized under:
Data Science > Computer Algorithms and Programming
Data Science > Databases and Expert Systems
Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Molecular Dynamics and Monte‐Carlo Methods
Gamma Irradiation of Embryogenic Cell Suspension Cultures from Cavendish Banana (Musa spp. AAA Group) and In Vitro Selection for Resistance to Fusarium Wilt
Authors: Hu Chunhua , Wu Yuanli , Yi Ganjun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, the establishment of embryogenic cell suspension (ECS) cultures using immature male flowers of triploid banana (Musa AAA Cavendish subgroup cv. ‘Brazil’), followed by somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration is described. Mutation induction is achieved by exposing the ECS to gamma irradiation with the dose of 80 Gy. The mutagenized cell population is transferred to solid long-term suspension culture medium for 96 h to recover from mutagen treatment shock, followed by somatic embryo induction and development medium containing 20% crude culture filtrates from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). After 90 days, the somatic embryos that survive are transferred to the germination medium containing 25% crude culture filtrates. The surviving mature somatic embryos are transferred to rooting medium after the fourth subculture on the germination medium containing 50% crude culture filtrates. Before transplanting in a Foc infected field, the in vitro plantlets are acclimatized and screened for resistance to Foc using a pot-based greenhouse bioassay.
An Optimised Greenhouse Protocol for Screening Banana Plants for Fusarium Wilt Resistance
Authors: Ndayihanzamaso Privat , Bothma Sheryl , Mostert Diane , Mahuku George , Viljoen Altus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is considered one of the most devastating diseases of banana in the world. Effective management of Fusarium wilt is only achieved by planting banana varieties resistant to Foc. Resistant bananas, however, require many years of breeding and field-testing under multiple geographical conditions. Field evaluation is reliable but time consuming and expensive. Small plant screening methods are, therefore, needed to speed up the evaluation of banana varieties for Foc resistance. To this end, a small plant screening method for resistance to banana Fusarium wilt is presented. The method proposes the planting of 2- to 3-month-old banana plants in soil amended with 10 g Foc-colonised millet seeds. Rhizome discoloration is then evaluated to rank the disease resistance response. The optimized millet seed technique could be useful in mass screening of newly developed genotypes for resistance to Foc.
Trigeminal neurons control immune-bone cell interaction and metabolism in apical periodontitis
Authors: Austah Obadah N. , Lillis Katherine V. , Akopian Armen N. , Harris Stephen E. , Grinceviciute Ruta , Diogenes Anibal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease occurring following tooth infection with distinct osteolytic activity. Despite increasing evidence that sensory neurons participate in regulation of non-neuronal cells, their role in the development of AP is largely unknown. We hypothesized that trigeminal ganglia (TG) Nav1.8+ nociceptors regulate bone metabolism changes in response to AP. A selective ablation of nociceptive neurons in Nav1.8Cre/Diphtheria toxin A (DTA)Lox mouse line was used to evaluate the development and progression of AP using murine model of infection-induced AP. Ablation of Nav1.8+ nociceptors had earlier progression of AP with larger osteolytic lesions. Immunohistochemical and RNAscope analyses demonstrated greater number of macrophages, T-cells, osteoclast and osteoblast precursors and an increased RANKL:OPG ratio at earlier time points among Nav1.8Cre/ DTALox mice. There was an increased expression of IL-1α and IL-6 within lesions of nociceptor-ablated mice. Further, co-culture experiments demonstrated that TG neurons promoted osteoblast mineralization and inhibited osteoclastic function. The findings suggest that TG Nav1.8+ neurons contribute to modulation of the AP development by delaying the influx of immune cells, promoting osteoblastic differentiation, and decreasing osteoclastic activities. This newly uncovered mechanism could become a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AP and minimize the persistence of osteolytic lesions in refractory cases.

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Multiplexed mRNA analysis of brain-derived extracellular vesicles upon experimental stroke in mice reveals increased mRNA content with potential relevance to inflammation and recovery processes
Authors: Bub Annika , Brenna Santra , Alawi Malik , Kügler Paul , Gui Yuqi , Kretz Oliver , Altmeppen Hermann , Magnus Tim , Puig Berta 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed structures that represent newly discovered means for cell-to-cell communication as well as promising disease biomarkers and therapeutic tools. Apart from proteins, lipids, and metabolites, EVs can deliver genetic information such as mRNA, eliciting a response in the recipient cells. In the present study, we have analyzed the mRNA content of brain-derived EVs (BDEVs) isolated 72 h after experimental stroke in mice and compared them to controls (shams) using nCounter® Nanostring panels, with or without prior RNA isolation. We found that both panels show similar results when comparing upregulated mRNAs in stroke. Notably, the highest upregulated mRNAs were related to processes of stress and immune system responses, but also to anatomical structure development, cell differentiation, and extracellular matrix organization, thus indicating that regenerative mechanisms already take place at this time-point. The five top overrepresented mRNAs in stroke mice were confirmed by RT-qPCR and, interestingly, found to be full-length. We could reveal that the majority of the mRNA cargo in BDEVs was of microglial origin and predominantly present in small BDEVs (≤ 200 nm in diameter). However, the EV population with the highest increase in the total BDEVs pool at 72 h after stroke was of oligodendrocytic origin. Our study shows that nCounter® panels are a good tool to study mRNA content in tissue-derived EVs as they can be carried out even without previous mRNA isolation, and that the mRNA cargo of BDEVs indicates a possible participation in inflammatory but also recovery processes after stroke.
Femoral revision with the direct anterior approach
Authors: Thaler Martin , Corten Kristoff , Nogler Michael , Holzapfel Boris Michael , Moskal Joseph 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
The advantages of the direct anterior approach (DAA) in primary total hip arthroplasty as a minimally invasive, muscle-sparing, internervous approach are reported by many authors. Therefore, the DAA has become increasingly popular for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in recent years, and the number of surgeons using the DAA is steadily increasing. Thus, the question arises whether femoral revisions are possible through the same interval.

Indications
Aseptic, septic femoral implant loosening, malalignment, periprosthetic joint infection or periprosthetic femoral fracture.

Contraindications
A draining sinus from another approach.

Surgical technique
The incision for the primary DAA can be extended distally and proximally. If necessary, two releases can be performed to allow better exposure of the proximal femur. The DAA interval can be extended to the level of the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) in order to perform a tensor release. If needed, a release of the external rotators can be performed in addition. If a component cannot be explanted endofemorally, and a Wagner transfemoral osteotomy or an extended trochanteric osteotomy has to be performed, the skin incision needs to be extended distally to maintain access to the femoral diaphysis.

Postoperative management
Depending on the indication for the femoral revision, ranging from partial weight bearing in cases of periprosthetic fractures to full weight bearing in cases of aseptic loosening.

Results
In all, 50 femoral revisions with a mean age of 65.7 years and a mean follow-up of 2.1 years were investigated. The femoral revision was endofemoral in 41 cases, while a transfemoral approach with a lazy‑S extension was performed in 9 patients. The overall complication rate was 12% (6 complications); 3 patients or 6% of the included patients required reoperations. None of the implanted stems showed a varus or valgus position. There were no cases of mechanical loosening, stem fracture or subsidence. Median WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) score before surgery improved significantly from preoperative (52.5) to postoperative (27.2).
Low-level 40Ca determinations using nitrous oxide with reaction cell inductively coupled plasma–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Lancaster Shaun T. , Prohaska Thomas , Irrgeher Johanna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the most abundant Ca isotope (40Ca) suffers from isobaric interference with argon, hindering the potential for low detection limits of Ca. A powerful approach is to remove the interference by using a reaction gas in a reaction cell. Ammonia (NH3) has proven to be an effective reaction gas by process of a charge transfer reaction. However, NH3 is highly corrosive and toxic and cannot remove isobaric 40 K. Therefore, this work proposes the use of nitrous oxide (N2O) to mass shift the target analyte 40Ca to 40Ca16O+ as a non-corrosive and non-toxic alternative. Instrument performance testing demonstrated that N2O was capable of reaching equivalent detection limits (0.015 ng g−1) and background equivalence concentrations (0.041 ng g−1) to that of NH3 and limited by the blank only. Further investigation of matrix interferences with synthetic standards highlighted that the N2O approach supports the separation of potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg)–based interferences at tested concentrations of more than 600 times and almost 800 times higher than Ca respectively, whereas NH3 was found to only support the removal of Mg. This work highlights a clear advantage of N2O for low-level Ca determinations with high matrix loads, as well as compatibility with other instrumentation sensitive to corrosion that supports reaction cell technology.
Graphical abstract