bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus (Harvey) Hommersand attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory and oxidative response by blocking the NF-κB, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways
Authors: Kwon Da Hye , Park Cheol , Lee Hyesook , Hong Su Hyun , Kim Gi-Young , Cha Hee-Jae , Kim Suhkmann , Kim Heui-Soo , Hwang Hye-Jin , Choi Yung Hyun 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
To investigate whether the ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus (Harvey) Hommersand, a type of red algae, could exhibit anti-inflammatory potential in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages.

Methods:
The ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus was applied to 100 ng/mL LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and cell viability, phagocytic ability, levels of pro-inflammatory factors, and the production of reactive oxygen species were measured. To identify the underlying mechanism of the ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus, the expression of inflammation-regulated genes was estimated.

Results:
The ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus had no cytotoxic effect at concentrations below 300 μg/mL, and reduced the LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2. Furthermore, the extract markedly suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, as well as the production of reactive oxygen species. The LPS-induced up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines was attenuated by treatment with the ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus, reducing their extracellular secretion. The Chondracanthus tenellus extract also inhibited LPS-mediated activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). In addition, the phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt was markedly increased by LPS, which was significantly abolished by the Chondracanthus tenellus extract.

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate that the ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus exhibited potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through downregulating the NF-κB, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.
Crotalaria ferruginea extract attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Pan Wei , Meng Li-Ping , Su Jie , Yang Zheng-Biao , Du Wei-Feng , Xu Zhi-Wei , Chen Yun-Xiang , Zhang Sheng , Xie Feng , Xu Cong , Yang Hong-Zhong , Ge Wei-Hong 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Crotalaria ferruginea extract (CFE) and its mechanism.

Methods:
An intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation-induced acute lung injury (ALI) model was used to study the anti-inflammatory activity of CFE in vivo. The LPS-induced shock model was used to analyze the effect of CFE on survival. LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell model was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of CFE in vitro and the effects on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways.

Results:
CFE administration decreased the number of inflammatory cells, reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon-γ, and diminished protein content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice. CFE also reduced lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, myeloperoxidase, and lung tissue pathological injury. CFE pre-administration improved the survival rate of mice challenged with a lethal dose of LPS. CFE reduced LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells to produce nitric oxide, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6. Furthermore, CFE inhibited nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of NF-κB P65, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, and P38 MAPKs.

Conclusions:
CFE exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced ALI mice, LPS-shock mice, and RAW264.7 cells, and its mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Crotalaria ferruginea may be a useful therapeutic drug for the treatment of ALI and other respiratory inflammations.
Chrysanthemum indicum ethanol extract attenuates hepatic stellate cell activation in vitro and thioacetamide-induced hepatofibrosis in rats
Authors: Chae Yun-Jin , Koppula Sushruta , Kim Myong-Ki , Yoon Tony , Song MinDong 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
To investigate the antifibrotic effects of Chrysanthemum indicum ethanol extract (CIEE) against activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatofibrosis in rats.

Methods:
Cell viability and proliferation of HSC-T6 cells were measured using MTT assay. Primary HSCs were used to study morphology. TAA (200 mg/kg) was used to induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. CIEE (100 and 500 mg/kg) and silymarin (50 mg/kg) were administered orally. Liver functions including alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, glutathione, and hydroxyproline levels were measured using commercial kits. Liver sections and fibrotic biomarker expression were measured using hematoxylin and eosin staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

In vitro study revealed that CIEE (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/mL) inhibited the proliferation of activated HSCs exposed to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and restored the activated primary HSC morphology. In in vivo studies, TAA-induced increase in liver/body weight ratio (5.46 ± 0.26) was significantly reduced (4.13 ± 0.22) by CIEE (P<0.05 at 500 mg/kg). CIEE (100 and 500 mg/kg) improved the liver functions by significantly attenuating changes in alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, glutathione, and hydroxyproline levels (P<0.05). Further, CIEE (100 and 500 mg/kg) ameliorated the histological changes in liver tissue and TGF-β expression significantly (P<0.05) in TAA-induced rats.

Conclusions:
CIEE significantly protects against TAA-induced liver damage in rats and can be used in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Nanoemulsion containing a synergistic combination of curcumin and quercetin for nose-to-brain delivery
Authors: Mahajan Hitendra S , Patil Nayana D 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
To characterize a nanoemulsion containing a synergistic combination of curcumin (CUR) and quercetin (QUE) for brain targeting through the nose.

Methods:
The synergistic activity of the combination of two phytoconstituents, curcumin and quercetin (CUR-QUE) was determined at a 2:1 ratio. Nanoemulsions containing the synergistic combination were prepared using high-pressure homogenization technique. Nanoemulsion formulation was characterized for globule size, drug content, thermodynamic stability, zeta potential measurement, and drug release. Histological studies were performed using isolated nasal mucosa of sheep. Moreover, in vivo studies using allograft model were performed.

Results:
CUR-QUE in a 2:1 ratio combination showed the lowest combination index values 0.99 (combination index<1) for treatment of human glioblastoma U373-MG cell. The combination inhibited the growth of human glioblastoma U373MG cells. The significant drug targeting efficiency percentage (178.25±2.86 for CUR and 170.54±6.11 for QUE) and nose to brain drug direct transport percentage (44.05±0.93 for CUR and 38.25±0.83 for QUE) of optimized nanoemulsion (F9) indicated effective central nervous system targeting via the intranasal route. In vivo anticancer study using allograft model of nude mice demonstrated potential anticancer activity of the synergistic combination of CUR-QUE as compared to doxorubicin.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that synergistic combination of CUR-QUE was optimal for treatment of human glioblastoma. Moreover, significant site-specific delivery to the brain was achieved by administering nanoemulsion through the nose. The study also reveals that intranasal delivery of nanoemulsion containing synergistic combination of CUR and QUE could be a promising strategy for brain tumor treatment.
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Rural North India using Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form
Authors: Sahni Bhavna , Mir Lubna , Langeh Sahil , Kalotra Anuradha , Bala Kiran 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The challenges of geriatric populace are plentiful and vexing, malnutrition being a critical issue. We studied the burden of malnutrition and determined its association with socio-demographic factors, depression, and other health variables.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 162 community-dwelling older adults to screen for malnutrition using mini nutritional assessment short-form (MNA-SF). Pearson’s Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation, and Multinominal logistic regression were used for data analysis.

Results:
Four-point nine percent older adults were malnourished and 42.6% were at risk of malnutrition. Malnutrition was higher in 60–69 years of age group (5.95%) and females (6.9%), while risk of malnutrition was high among >80 years (59.1%) and widowed (66.7%). Weight loss, decrease in food intake, dementia, stress, decreased mobility, and depression were significantly associated with malnutrition. Geriatric Depression and MNA-SF scores showed a significant negative correlation (r = −0.434). Comparison of means of MNA-SF and geriatric depression scale scores among well-nourished, at risk, and malnourished subjects showed significant difference (P < 0.001). Multinominal regression revealed that it is highly likely (P < 0.01) that the subjects were malnourished if they had body mass index <19 kg/m2, reported weight loss >3 kg or suffered from acute disease or stress in the past 3 months while the likelihood of being “at risk” increased significantly only if subjects had acute disease or stress in preceding 3 months.

Conclusions:
Screening with MNA-SF can help identify at low cost a sizable proportion of elderly who are malnourished and “at risk.” Timely intervention can be instrumental in preventing the progression of infirmity and reducing its catastrophic consequences.
Integers that are sums of two rational sixth powers
Authors: Newton Alexis , Rouse Jeremy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe prove that
$164\, 634\, 913$
is the smallest positive integer that is a sum of two rational sixth powers, but not a sum of two integer sixth powers. If
$C_{k}$
is the curve
$x^{6} + y^{6} = k$
, we use the existence of morphisms from
$C_{k}$
to elliptic curves, together with the Mordell–Weil sieve, to rule out the existence of rational points on
$C_{k}$
for various k.
Cross-Sectional Assessment of the Association of Eosinophilia with Intestinal Parasitic Infection in U.S.-Bound Refugees in Thailand: Prevalent, Age Dependent, but of Limited Clinical Utility
Authors: Webster Jessica L. , Stauffer William M. , Mitchell Tarissa , Lee Deborah , O’Connell Elise M. , Weinberg Michelle , Nutman Thomas B. , Sakulrak Potsawin , Tongsukh Dilok , Phares Christina R. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT.
The most common causes of eosinophilia globally are helminth parasites. Refugees from high endemic areas are at increased risk of infection compared with the general U.S. population. It is widely accepted that eosinophilia is a good marker for helminth infection in this population, yet its absence has little predictive value for excluding infection. During an enhanced premigration health program, the CDC offered voluntary testing and management of intestinal parasites, among other conditions, to U.S.-bound refugees in Thailand. Stool specimens were tested for Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichuris trichiura, hookworms, Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium spp., and Entamoeba histolytica using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Complete blood counts were performed to identify eosinophilia. Predictive values of eosinophilia for parasitic infections were calculated within nematode groups. Between July 9, 2012 and November 29, 2013, 2,004 participants were enrolled. About 73% were infected with at least one parasite. The overall median eosinophil count was 483 cells/μL (interquartile range [IQR] = 235–876 cells/μL). Compared with participants who did not test positive for any infection, higher eosinophil counts were observed in those infected with A. lumbricoides (RR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1–1.4), S. stercoralis (RR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.4–2.4), Necator americanus (RR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1–1.4), and Ancylostoma ceylanicum (RR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.5–2.2). Eosinophil counts were higher in younger participants (2–4 years versus 65+ years: RR = 4.2, 95% CI = 2.5–6.9), and lower in female participants (RR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.8–0.9). Sensitivities ranged from 51% to 73%, specificities from 48% to 65%, and predictive values from 4% to 98%. The predictive value of eosinophilia is poor for the most common parasitic infections, and it should not be used alone for screening refugees.
PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK DENGAN METODE TAKAKURA DI SMK PPM AL-IKHLAS POLMAN
Authors: Nurgadima Achmad Djalaluddin  , Muh Fauzar Al-Hijrah  , Heriyati  , Masniati  
Published: March 2022

Sampah merupakan masalah yang krusial sampai saat ini, setiap harinya ada berton-ton sampah yang dihasilkan manusia dan sebagian besar merupakan sampah rumah tangga. Sampah yang sangat banyak dilahirkan dari pabrik, sampah plastik dan limbah rumah tangga seperti sisa makanan dan dan potongan sisa sayur dan buah sehingga dibutuhkan penanggulangan yang lebih efektif dan ramah terhadap lingkungan. Dengan metode takakura ini merupakan suatu opsi dan inovasi yang menjadi salah satu solusi yang bisa digunakan bahkan dapat bernilai ekonomis. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini Agar siswa dapat mengetahui cara pembuatan pupuk organik dengan menggunakan limbah rumah tangga/dapur dan memproduksi sampah limbah rumah tangga/dapur dengan metode takakura. Mitra dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pesantren SMK PPM Al Ikhlas. Metode Pengabdian yang dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan penyuluhan tentang sampah kemudian praktek cara pengolahan sampah organik menjadi pupuk dengan metode takakura. Hasil yang diperoleh pada pengabdian ini dihasilkan pupuk sampah organik yang diproses selama satu bulan dan siap pakai serta ekonomis
Mimetic Machines in the Uncanny Valley
Authors: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture Identities , Spassova Kamelia 
Published: March 2022

Uncanny valley (不 気 味 の 谷 ) is a notion introduced by the Japanese robotics professor Masahiro Mori in 1970. The basic claim of his hypothesis states that the anthropomorphic machines cause uncanny effect due to their imperfect resemblance to the human. Humanoids seem almost like people, but exactly the distance of this almost provokes hot debates. There are two trends in robotics, animation, architecture, and computer games. The first trend seeks to overcome the uncanny valley, constructing such an incredible machine that perfectly mimics human actions. The second trend – Masahiro Mori takes this side – consciously constructs non-anthropomorphic machines. The machine’s appearance, structure, shape, proportion of the parts, and motion must be visibly different from the human ones. The term uncanny valley appears in a European context soon after its introduction, due to Jasia Reichardt’s translation in 1978. She is an art critic and curator who is interested in the role of cybernetics in art. The joint between the uncanny valley in robotics and the legacy of Freud and Jentsch is established with this translation at the intersection point between aesthetics and science. This link opens new fields to theoretical and aesthetic imagination.

Author(s): Kamelia Spassova
Title (English): Mimetic Machines in the Uncanny Valley
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 18, No. 1-2 (2021).
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje
Page Range: 22-33
Page Count: 12
Citation (English): Kamelia Spassova, “Mimetic Machines in the Uncanny Valley,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 18, No. 1-2 (2021): 22-33.
Author Biography
Kamelia Spassova, University of Sofia
Kamelia Spassova is Associate professor at the Literary Theory Department at the University of Sofia, Bulgaria. She is a lecturer at the Slavic Institute, Department of Philosophy, University of Cologne (2016-2018). She has published in Bulgaria a theoretical book on the poetics of example: Event and Example in Plato and Aristotle (2012), which deals with the tension between literary example and exemplary work in philosophical and theoretical discourses. She has developed the project “Doppelganger as a Political Figure” (2014-2015) in the Centre for Advanced Study Sofia (CAS), an independent institution for scholarship in the humanities and social sciences. In her latest book Modern Mimesis. Self-reflexivity in Literature (2021) she works on the transformations of the concept of mimesis in the 20th century.
The Partisan Counter-Archive: Retracing the Ruptures of Art and Memory in the Yugoslav People’s Liberation Struggle by Gal Kirn; a review by Naum Trajanovski
Authors: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture Identities , Trajanovski Naum 
Published: March 2022

Author(s): Naum Trajanovski
Title (English): A Review of the Partisan Counter-Archive: Retracing the Ruptures of Art and Memory in the Yugoslav People’s Liberation Struggle by Gal Kirn
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 18, No. 1-2 (2021).
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje
Page Range: 106-108
Page Count: 3
Citation (English): Naum Trajanovski, “A Review of the Partisan Counter-Archive: Retracing the Ruptures of Art and Memory in the Yugoslav People’s Liberation Struggle by Gal Kirn,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 18, No. 1-2 (2021): 106-108.
Author Biography
Naum Trajanovski, Graduate School for Social Research, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences.
Naum Trajanovski (Graduate School for Social Research, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences) is a PhD candidate at the GSSR. He was a project co-coordinator at the European Network Remembrance and Solidarity (2017) and a researcher at the Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University – Skopje (2018-2020). His major academic interests include memory politics in North Macedonia and sociological knowledge transfer in 1960s Eastern Europe. He authored several papers and a monograph, in Macedonian, on the memory politics in the state after 1991.
Normas de Descrição Arquivística: Uma análise comparativa no âmbito do conteúdo e contexto
Authors: Linden Leolíbia Luana , Barros Thiago Henrique Bragato , Bräscher Marisa 
Published: March 2022

Tem-se a descrição arquivística como função elementar no processo de organização e recuperação de documentos de arquivo. Trata do processo de padronização da descrição e da contribuição da normalização para a recuperação de documentos de arquivo. Apresenta os processos que levaram à normalização e aos respectivos Instrumentos Normativos de Descrição Arquivística (INDA) internacionais e nacionais. Enfatiza a importância de conteúdo e contexto serem contemplados em sua estrutura. Analisa os campos de “Identificação”, “Contexto” e “Conteúdo” em INDA com o objetivo de identificar como são percebidos dois preceitos fundamentais para descrição a análise e síntese realizada nos campos de contexto e conteúdo dos respectivos. Fundamenta como o contexto e conteúdo são contemplados nos INDA e tece considerações conceituais acerca da análise. Contribui para a compreensão da padronização e consolidação das questões de contexto e conteúdo no processo de Representação Arquivística.
KETERKAITAN STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN, STRUKTUR MODAL DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Subagyo Herry 
Published: March 2022

This research aims to test the relation between ownership structures and capital structure firm value of basic industry & chemistry firm. This research places the capital structure as a mediating variable for the relationship between ownership structure and firm value. The sample used is a company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2019, using a purposive sampling technique got 115 samples that meet the criteria. Data processing using the IBM SPSS 23 series program as an analysis tool. The result is that management's ownership has a negative effect on capital structure, and a positive effect on firm value, while institutional ownership has a positive effect on capital structure, and a negative effect on firm value. This study also found that capital structure is a mediating variable of the relationship between management ownership and firm value.
Keywords: ownership structure, capital structure, firm value
A unified framework to estimate the origins of atmospheric moisture and heat using Lagrangian models
Authors: Keune Jessica , Schumacher Dominik L. , Miralles Diego G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Despite the existing myriad of tools and models to assess
atmospheric source–receptor relationships, their uncertainties remain
largely unexplored and arguably stem from the scarcity of observations
available for validation. Yet, Lagrangian models are increasingly used to
determine the origin of precipitation and atmospheric heat by scrutinizing the
changes in moisture and temperature along air parcel trajectories. Here, we
present a unified framework for the process-based evaluation of atmospheric
trajectories to infer source–receptor relationships of both moisture and
heat. The framework comprises three steps: (i) diagnosing precipitation,
surface evaporation, and sensible heat from the Lagrangian simulations and
identifying the accuracy and reliability of flux detection criteria; (ii) establishing source–receptor relationships through the attribution of
sources along multi-day backward trajectories; and (iii) performing a bias
correction of source–receptor relationships. Applying this framework to
simulations from the Lagrangian model FLEXPART, driven with ERA-Interim
reanalysis data, allows us to quantify the errors and uncertainties
associated with the resulting source–receptor relationships for three
cities in different climates (Beijing, Denver, and Windhoek). Our results
reveal large uncertainties inherent in the estimation of heat and
precipitation origin with Lagrangian models, but they also demonstrate that
a source and sink bias correction acts to reduce this uncertainty. The
proposed framework paves the way for a cohesive assessment of the
dependencies in source–receptor relationships.