bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burden, clinical features and outcomes of post-tuberculosis lung disease in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nuwagira Edwin , Baluku Joseph Baruch , Meya David B , Philpotts Lisa Liang , Siedner Mark J , Bajunirwe Francis , Mpagama Stella G , Lai Peggy S 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) is significantly associated with multiple postinfectious, non-communicable diseases after microbiological cure. For example, those with a history of TB disease have a higher risk of developing chronic lung diseases at a younger age. However, the extent and nature of post-TB complications are not well described. Here, we present a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis, which aims to synthesise literature on the burden of post-TB lung disease (PTLD) in sub-Saharan Africa, describe phenotypes, long-term outcomes and the health-related quality of life of people with PTLD.Methods and analysisA systematic search will be conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, African Journals Online and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews. Papers published in English and French languages that report the prevalence, clinical features, quality of life and long-term outcomes of people with PTLD in sub-Saharan Africa will be considered. We will assess and critically appraise the methodological quality of all studies using the modified covidence. Qualitative and quantitative (network and meta-analysis) synthesis will be performed and STATA V.16 will be used to estimate the burden of PTLD.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Our results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021274018.
Nutritional therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vilar Mariana Dantas de Carvalho , Coutinho Karla Monica Dantas , Vale Sancha Helena de Lima , Medeiros Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva , Piuvezam Grasiela , Leite-Lais Lucia , Brandao-Neto Jose 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterised by the degeneration of motor neurons. Nutritional interventions in ALS are essential and must be based on scientific evidence to provide quality of healthcare, improve the quality of life and increase survival time. Therefore, this protocol of systematic reviews and meta-analyses aims to present a synthesis of evidence-based recommendations to support adequate nutrition therapy for patients with ALS.Methods and analysisThe search will be performed using the following databases: PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (Embase), Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, LILACS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), ScienceDirect, ProQuest and Google Scholar. We will include clinical practice guidelines, treatment protocols, systematic reviews and clinical trials according to the three research questions to be answered related to nutrition therapy and interventions in patients with ALS. This protocol will be developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols. To evaluate the methodological quality of the studies, Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation II, Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 and Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tools will be used. In addition, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to assess the quality of evidence and the strength of the recommendations. The findings will be summarised and presented descriptively according to the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook and the standard statistical meta-analysis techniques.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval and human consent are not required because this is a protocol for systematic review and only secondary data will be used. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. In case of any changes in this protocol, amendments will be updated in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and the modifications will be explained in the final report of this review.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021233088.
Distinct blood protein profiles associated with the risk of short-term and mid/long-term clinical relapse in patients with Crohn’s disease stopping infliximab: when the remission state hides different types of residual disease activity
Authors: Pierre Nicolas , Huynh-Thu Vân Anh , Marichal Thomas , Allez Matthieu , Bouhnik Yoram , Laharie David , Bourreille Arnaud , Colombel Jean-Frédéric , Meuwis Marie-Alice , Louis Edouard 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveDespite being in sustained and stable remission, patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) stopping anti-tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) show a high rate of relapse (~50% within 2 years). Characterising non-invasively the biological profiles of those patients is needed to better guide the decision of anti-TNFα withdrawal.DesignNinety-two immune-related proteins were measured by proximity extension assay in serum of patients with CD (n=102) in sustained steroid-free remission and stopping anti-TNFα (infliximab). As previously shown, a stratification based on time to clinical relapse was used to characterise the distinct biological profiles of relapsers (short-term relapsers: <6 months vs mid/long-term relapsers: >6 months). Associations between protein levels and time to clinical relapse were determined by univariable Cox model.ResultsThe risk (HR) of mid/long-term clinical relapse was specifically associated with a high serum level of proteins mainly expressed in lymphocytes (LAG3, SH2B3, SIT1; HR: 2.2–4.5; p<0.05), a low serum level of anti-inflammatory effectors (IL-10, HSD11B1; HR: 0.2–0.3; p<0.05) and cellular junction proteins (CDSN, CNTNAP2, CXADR, ITGA11; HR: 0.4; p<0.05). The risk of short-term clinical relapse was specifically associated with a high serum level of pro-inflammatory effectors (IL-6, IL12RB1; HR: 3.5–3.6; p<0.05) and a low or high serum level of proteins mainly expressed in antigen presenting cells (CLEC4A, CLEC4C, CLEC7A, LAMP3; HR: 0.4–4.1; p<0.05).ConclusionWe identified distinct blood protein profiles associated with the risk of short-term and mid/long-term clinical relapse in patients with CD stopping infliximab. These findings constitute an advance for the development of non-invasive biomarkers guiding the decision of anti-TNFα withdrawal.
Human gut microbiota after bariatric surgery alters intestinal morphology and glucose absorption in mice independently of obesity
Authors: Anhê Fernando F , Zlitni Soumaya , Zhang Song-Yang , Choi Béatrice So-Yun , Chen Cassandra Y , Foley Kevin P , Barra Nicole G , Surette Michael G , Biertho Laurent , Richard Denis , Tchernof André , Lam Tony K T , Marette Andre , Schertzer Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveBariatric surgery is an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D) that changes gut microbial composition. We determined whether the gut microbiota in humans after restrictive or malabsorptive bariatric surgery was sufficient to lower blood glucose.DesignWomen with obesity and T2D had biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Faecal samples from the same patient before and after each surgery were used to colonise rodents, and determinants of blood glucose control were assessed.ResultsGlucose tolerance was improved in germ-free mice orally colonised for 7 weeks with human microbiota after either BPD-DS or LSG, whereas food intake, fat mass, insulin resistance, secretion and clearance were unchanged. Mice colonised with microbiota post-BPD-DS had lower villus height/width and crypt depth in the distal jejunum and lower intestinal glucose absorption. Inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter (Sglt)1 abrogated microbiota-transmissible improvements in blood glucose control in mice. In specific pathogen-free (SPF) rats, intrajejunal colonisation for 4 weeks with microbiota post-BPD-DS was sufficient to improve blood glucose control, which was negated after intrajejunal Sglt-1 inhibition. HigherParabacteroidesand lowerBlautiacoincided with improvements in blood glucose control after colonisation with human bacteria post-BPD-DS and LSG.ConclusionExposure of rodents to human gut microbiota after restrictive or malabsorptive bariatric surgery improves glycaemic control. The gut microbiota after bariatric surgery is a standalone factor that alters upper gut intestinal morphology and lowers Sglt1-mediated intestinal glucose absorption, which improves blood glucose control independently from changes in obesity, insulin or insulin resistance.
Somatic symptom disorder in patients with post-COVID-19 neurological symptoms: a preliminary report from the somatic study (Somatic Symptom Disorder Triggered by COVID-19)
Authors: Kachaner Alexandra , Lemogne Cédric , Dave Julie , Ranque Brigitte , de Broucker Thomas , Meppiel Elodie 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesTo assess the diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) in patients with unexplained neurological symptoms occurring after SARS-CoV-2 infection, also referred to as long COVID.DesignSingle-centre observational study.ParticipantsAdult patients experiencing unexplained long-lasting neurological symptoms after mild COVID. Of the 58 consecutive patients referred in our centre, 50 were included.InterventionPatients were contacted for a standardised psychometric evaluation by phone, followed by a self-survey.Main outcomePositive diagnosis of SSD according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5).ResultsAlthough the patients did not meet the DSM-5 criteria for a functional neurological symptom disorder specifically, SSD diagnosis based on DSM-5 criteria was positive in 32 (64%) patients. In the remaining 18 patients, SSD was considered possible given the high score on diagnostic scales. Physical examination were normal for all. Brain MRI showed unspecific minor white matter hyperintensities in 8/46 patients. Neuropsychological assessment showed exclusively mild impairment of attention in 14 out of 15 tested patients, in discrepancy with their major subjective complaint. Forty-five (90%) patients met criteria for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Seventeen (32%) patients were screened positive for mood-anxiety disorders, 19 (38%) had a history of prior SSD and 27 (54%) reported past trauma. Additional self-survey highlighted post-traumatic stress disorder in 12/43 (28%), high levels of alexithymia traits and perfectionism. Long-lasting symptoms had a major impact with a high rate of insomnia (29/43, 67%), psychiatric follow-up (28/50, 56%) and work or pay loss (25/50, 50%).ConclusionA majority of patients with unexplained long-lasting neurological symptoms after mild COVID met diagnostic criteria for SSD and may require specific management.Trial registration numberNCT04889313.
Implications for vanishing complexity in dynamical spherically symmetric dissipative self-gravitating fluids
Authors: Bogadi Robert S. , Govender Megandhren , Moyo Sibusiso 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe complexity factor, originally based on a probabilistic description of a physical system, was re-defined by Herrera et al. for relativistic systems. This involves an assessment of the energy density inhomogeneity, anisotropic and shear stresses, and in the case of radiating collapse, the effects of heat flux. Already well integrated into the modelling of static configurations, the complexity factor is now being studied with respect to dynamical, self-gravitating systems. For static systems, the constraint of vanishing complexity is typically used however for the non-static case, the physical viability of the vanishing condition is less clear. To this end, we consider the ideal case of vanishing complexity in order to solve for the time-dependent gravitational potentials and generate models. We find that vanishing complexity constrains the metric to be of a form similar to that of Maiti’s conformally flat metric.
Notch Signaling Promotes Mature T-Cell Lymphomagenesis
Authors: Gao Xin , Wang Chenguang , Abdelrahman Suhaib , Kady Nermin , Murga-Zamalloa Carlos , Gann Peter , Sverdlov Maria , Wolfe Ashley , Polk Avery , Brown Noah , Bailey Nathanael G. , Inamdar Kedar , Casavilca-Zambrano Sandro , Montes Jaime , Barrionuevo Carlos , Taxa Luis , Reneau John , Siebel Christian W. , Maillard Ivan , Wilcox Ryan A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are agressive lymphomas that develop from mature T cells. The most common PTCLs are genetically, molecularly, and clinically diverse and are generally associated with dismal outcomes. While Notch signaling plays a critically important role in both the development of immature T cells and their malignant transformation, its role in PTCL is poorly understood, despite the increasingly appreciated function of Notch in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of mature T cells. Here, we demonstrate that Notch receptors and their Delta-like family ligands (DLL1/DLL4) play a pathogenic role in PTCL. Notch1 activation was observed in common PTCL subtypes, including PTCL-not otherwise specified (NOS). In a large cohort of PTCL-NOS biopsies, Notch1 activation was significantly associated with surrogate markers of proliferation. Complementary genetically engineered mouse models and spontaneous PTCL models were used to functionally examine the role of Notch signaling, and Notch1/Notch2 blockade and pan-Notch blockade using dominant-negative MAML significantly impaired the proliferation of malignant T cells and PTCL progression in these models. Treatment with DLL1/DLL4 blocking antibodies established that Notch signaling is ligand-dependent. Together, these findings reveal a role for ligand-dependent Notch signaling in driving peripheral T-cell lymphomagenesis.

Significance:
This work demonstrates that ligand-dependent Notch activation promotes the growth and proliferation of mature T-cell lymphomas, providing new therapeutic strategies for this group of aggressive lymphomas.
Outcomes in Patients with Poor-Risk Cytogenetics with or without TP53 Mutations Treated with Venetoclax and Azacitidine
Authors: Pollyea Daniel A. , Pratz Keith W. , Wei Andrew H. , Pullarkat Vinod , Jonas Brian A. , Recher Christian , Babu Sunil , Schuh Andre C. , Dail Monique , Sun Yan , Potluri Jalaja , Chyla Brenda , DiNardo Courtney D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate efficacy and safety of venetoclax + azacitidine in treatment-naïve patients with acute myeloid leukemia harboring poor-risk cytogenetics and TP53mut or TP53wt.

Patients and Methods:
We analyzed data from a phase III study (NCT02993523) comparing venetoclax (400 mg orally days 1–28) + azacitidine (75 mg/m2 days 1–7) or placebo + azacitidine, and from a phase Ib study (NCT02203773) of venetoclax + azacitidine. Patients were ineligible for intensive therapy. TP53 status was analyzed centrally; cytogenetic studies were performed locally.

Results:
Patients (n = 127) with poor-risk cytogenetics receiving venetoclax + azacitidine (TP53wt = 50; TP53mut = 54) were compared with patients with poor-risk cytogenetics (n = 56) receiving azacitidine alone (TP53wt = 22; TP53mut = 18).
For poor-risk cytogenetics + TP53wt patients, venetoclax + azacitidine versus azacitidine alone resulted in composite remission rates (CRc) of 70% versus 23%, median duration of remission (DoR) of 18.4 versus 8.5 months, and median overall survival (OS) of 23.4 versus 11.3 months, respectively. Outcomes with venetoclax + azacitidine were comparable with similarly treated patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics and TP53wt.
For poor-risk cytogenetics + TP53mut patients, venetoclax + azacitidine versus azacitidine alone resulted in CRc of 41% versus 17%, median DoR of 6.5 versus 6.7 months, and median OS of 5.2 versus 4.9 months, respectively.
For poor-risk cytogenetics + TP53mut patients, predominant grade ≥3 adverse events (AE) for venetoclax + azacitidine versus azacitidine were febrile neutropenia (55%/39%), thrombocytopenia (28%/28%), neutropenia (26%/17%), anemia (13%/6%), and pneumonia (28%/33%). AEs were comparable between TP53mut and TP53wt patients.

Conclusions:
In poor-risk cytogenetics + TP53mut patients, venetoclax + azacitidine improved remission rates but not DoR or OS compared with azacitidine alone. However, in poor-risk cytogenetics + TP53wt patients, venetoclax + azacitidine resulted in higher remission rates and longer DoR and OS than azacitidine alone, with outcomes comparable with similarly treated patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics. Toxicities were similar in TP53mut and TP53wt patients.
See related commentary by Green and Zeidner, p. 5235
Capturing Cognitive Events Embedded in the Real World Using Mobile Electroencephalography and Eye-Tracking
Authors: Ladouce Simon , Mustile Magda , Ietswaart Magdalena , Dehais Frédéric 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The study of cognitive processes underlying natural behaviors implies departing from computerized paradigms and artificial experimental probes. The present study aims to assess the feasibility of capturing neural markers (P300 ERPs) of cognitive processes evoked in response to the identification of task-relevant objects embedded in a real-world environment. To this end, EEG and eye-tracking data were recorded while participants attended stimuli presented on a tablet and while they searched for books in a library. Initial analyses of the library data revealed that P300-like features shifted in time. A Dynamic Time Warping analysis confirmed the presence of P300 ERP in the library condition. Library data were then lag-corrected based on cross-correlation coefficients. Together, these approaches uncovered P300 ERP responses in the library recordings. These findings highlight the relevance of scalable experimental designs, joint brain and body recordings, and template-matching analyses to capture cognitive events during natural behaviors.
The Entangled Brain
Authors: Pessoa Luiz 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Entangled Brain (Pessoa, L., 2002. MIT Press) promotes the idea that we need to understand the brain as a complex, entangled system. Why does the complex systems perspective, one that entails emergent properties, matter for brain science? In fact, many neuroscientists consider these ideas a distraction. We discuss three principles of brain organization that inform the question of the interactional complexity of the brain: (1) massive combinatorial anatomical connectivity; (2) highly distributed functional coordination; and (3) networks/circuits as functional units. To motivate the challenges of mapping structure and function, we discuss neural circuits illustrating the high anatomical and functional interactional complexity typical in the brain. We discuss potential avenues for testing for network-level properties, including those relying on distributed computations across multiple regions. We discuss implications for brain science, including the need to characterize decentralized and heterarchical anatomical–functional organization. The view advocated has important implications for causation, too, because traditional accounts of causality provide poor candidates for explanation in interactionally complex systems like the brain given the distributed, mutual, and reciprocal nature of the interactions. Ultimately, to make progress understanding how the brain supports complex mental functions, we need to dissolve boundaries within the brain—those suggested to be associated with perception, cognition, action, emotion, motivation—as well as outside the brain, as we bring down the walls between biology, psychology, mathematics, computer science, philosophy, and so on.
Peer reviewer topic choice and its impact on interrater reliability: A mixed-method study
Authors: Feliciani Thomas , Luo Junwen , Shankar Kalpana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
One of the main critiques of academic peer review is that interrater reliability (IRR) among reviewers is low. We examine an underinvestigated factor possibly contributing to low IRR: reviewers’ diversity in their topic-criteria mapping (“TC-mapping”). It refers to differences among reviewers pertaining to which topics they choose to emphasize in their evaluations, and how they map those topics onto various evaluation criteria. In this paper we look at the review process of grant proposals in one funding agency to ask: How much do reviewers differ in TC-mapping, and do their differences contribute to low IRR? Through a content analysis of review forms submitted to a national funding agency (Science Foundation Ireland) and a survey of its reviewers, we find evidence of interreviewer differences in their TC-mapping. Using a simulation experiment we show that, under a wide range of conditions, even strong differences in TC-mapping have only a negligible impact on IRR. Although further empirical work is needed to corroborate simulation results, these tentatively suggest that reviewers’ heterogeneous TC-mappings might not be of concern for designers of peer review panels to safeguard IRR.
Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in the Workplace: Results From a Rapid Survey at 2 Corporations in Los Angeles County, California, 2021
Authors: Fischbach Lori , Civen Rachel , Boyd Homer , Flores David M. , Cloud Jennifer , Smith Lisa V. , King Jan , Alvarez Frank , Kuo Tony 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: Achieving widespread vaccine acceptance across various employment sectors is key to a successful public health response to COVID-19, but little is known about factors influencing vaccine acceptance among essential non–health care workers. We examined factors influencing vaccine acceptance among a sample of essential non–health care workers in California. Methods: We conducted a survey in early spring 2021 at 2 corporations in Los Angeles County, California, to identify and describe factors influencing vaccine acceptance and the ability of incentives to increase this acceptance. We used modified Poisson regression analysis to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and a best-subset selection algorithm to identify the strongest factors influencing vaccine acceptance. Results: Of 678 workers who completed the survey, 450 were unvaccinated. Among unvaccinated participants, having trust in information about the vaccine from public health experts, having ≥1 chronic health condition related to COVID-19 severity, being Asian, and perceiving risk for COVID-19 were factors that most influenced vaccine acceptance. Most (271 of 296, 91.6%) participants who had trust in information from public health experts and 30.6% (30 of 98) of participants who did not have trust in information from public health experts said that they would accept the vaccine. Seventeen of 24 (70.8%) vaccine-hesitant workers who had trust in information from public health experts and 12 of 72 (16.7%) vaccine-hesitant workers who did not have trust in this information said that they would be more likely to accept the vaccine if an incentive were offered. Conclusions: Efforts to increase vaccine coverage at workplaces should focus on improving trust in the vaccine and increasing public awareness that the vaccine is free.