bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Action planning and coping planning based intervention on physical activity practice among desk-based office employees: a non-randomized explanatory mixed method study
Authors: Nambirajan Murali Krishnan , Govindan Dhanajayan , Patel Namita , Roy Gautam , Lakshminarayanan Subitha 
Published: June 2022

Background: Desk-based office workers have sedentariness in the workplace due to the nature of their work. So we aimed to determine the effect of action planning and coping planning based physical activity intervention among participants and explore its utility.Methods: This study was conducted among office staff employed in six to eight hours of desk- based office work of JIPMER, Puducherry during November 2020 to January 2021. Simple random sampling of employees from available database was done to select 150 participants based on inclusion criteria. Intervention was individual specific action and coping planning for physical activity (PA). Change in the level of PA and its stage, body composition parameters and step-counts were measured at end-line to assess the effect of intervention supported by the qualitative interviews.Results: An adequate level (≥600 METS) of physical activity among participants in the intervention group increased by 42% among Total MET minutes spent (p<0.001). Muscle mass improved in the intervention arm by 4% (p>0.001). Conclusions: Implementation plan is effective in improving the physical activity level of the participants and adopting healthy PA behaviour and advocates for health promoting workplace.
Prevalence and factors associated with occupational health problems among leather footwear manufacturing workers in Ambur town, Thirupathur district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: D. Judy Angel , R. Thilagavathi , M. Prakash 
Published: June 2022

Background: In India, the leather footwear manufacturing sector contributes to a significant segment of leather products, and workers were exposed to a wide range of hazardous substances during the manufacturing process. The present study was conducted to identify the prevalence of various work-related health complaints and the factors associated with occupational health problems among leather footwear workers in Tamil Nadu.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 275 leather footwear workers in Ambur town, Thirupathur district, Tamil Nadu from June 2019 to July 2019. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic and workplace characteristics, work-related self-reported health complaints, and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to identify factors associated with work-related health problems at a 5% level of significance.
Results: The study demonstrated a prevalence of 19.33% respiratory disorders, 16.4% skin ailments, and 37% musculoskeletal complaints. Workers involved in the scouring/finishing process had nearly two times the odds (95% CI: 0.977-3.923); workers who do not use PPE like gloves or masks had two times the odds (95% CI: 1.307-4.346); workers who reported inadequate windows/fans or blowers in their work station had four times the odds (95% CI: 1.421-12.413) and workers who reported lack of regular work training had 3.5 times odds (95% CI: 1.954-6.531) of occupational health problems.
Conclusions: Implementation of strict protocols on the use of PPE, periodic monitoring and safety training should be regulated to prevent the workers from these health problems.
Levels of pain assessment tools for pediatric dental patients: a narrative review
Authors: Nagarwal Priya , Rana Vivek , Srivastava Nikhil , Kaushik Noopur 
Published: June 2022

Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage. Pain perception in children causes a number of changes in their emotional state. It can lead to emotions like fear, anxiety, sadness and might have an impact on day-to-day activities. Due to the lack of cognitive development young children are unable to express their pain verbally. Pain assessment can be carried out by using various approaches, such as self-reporting pain assessment tools, behavioural pain assessment tools and by assessment of various physiologic parameters. The process of pain evaluation for a child is strenuous as they have limited cognitive sophistication to describe their painful experiences during any disease process. Out of all the scales discussed, Wong-Bakers facial pain rating scale (WB-FPS) is considered the best as it is simple to use for the operator and can be easily reproduced and can be used in children as young as 3 years of age.
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide inhibits the proliferation of leukemic cells through apoptosis
Authors: Zhong Mingxing , Huang Jiwei , Mao Pingxiang , He Chengming , Yuan Dongmei , Chen Changkun , Zhang Haiying , Hu Jing , Zhang Jingdong 
Published: June 2022

Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic effect of polysaccharides derived from Ganoderma lucidum on T lymphocyte leukemia cells. Methods: Water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from the fruit bodies of G. lucidum, purified, and characterized using HPGPC-MALLS and NMR. The cytotoxicity of G. lucidum polysaccharide fraction 5 (GLP5) to T lymphocyte leukemia cell line Jurkat and human immortalized epidermal cell line HaCat was assessed using MTT assay. Apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. Expressions of apoptosis-related genes in the cells after being exposed to GLP5 were detected using Western blot assay.Results: GLP5 was a β-(1→3) and β-(1→6) linked glucan. It inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells in a concentration-dependent manner and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 34.5 mg/L but did not suppress the growth of HaCat cells. Apoptotic cells in Jurkat cells were detected to increase with increasing GLP5 concentrations. The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 were significantly higher after the cells were exposed to 25 and 50 mg/L GLP5 when compared to non-exposed cells (Control). In addition, the expression levels of BAX and Bcl2 were significantly up- and down-regulated after treatment with GLP5 at 25 and 50 mg/L when compared with control (P<0.05), respectively.Conclusions: GLP5 has antiproliferative activity against Jurkat cells and the activity is likely mediated through the activation of apoptosis pathways.
Inherent Mothering Ability of Indigenous Hen under Extensive Free-Range Management, A-Close Observational Study
Authors: Nyandebo Jesse Patrick Joseph , Bagla Victor Patrick , Kanu Saidu , Muana Abigail , Sesay Abdul Rahman , Umoh Magdalene Philips 
Published: June 2022

Inherent mothering ability of the indigenous hen under extensive management is geared towards ensuring continuation of its lineage. Most of these attributes (feeding and predators response) are instinctive and transmitted to chicks during their first week of life to enhance their survival.
The study was carried out over a ten-years period base on direct keen observation of the indigenous hen from the point of attainment of puberty and associating with cocks up to the time it’s raising her own brood under extensive management and recordings of inherent and instinctive traits exhibited. Maternal behaviours like egg incubation; candling and sorting; egg turning; temperature regulation and hatching are in synchrony with the hatching machine. Chick brooding and rearing periods presents the most challenging time as she has to balance between two key responsibilities (feeding and chick protection), these it was observed she do diligently to ensure the propagation of its lineage though faced with huge challenges from predators and adverse weather conditions that reduce chick population reaching maturity.
This research findings recommends feed supplementation especially during incubation, brooding and chick rearing period and confinement and protection of young chicks from predators and adverse weather conditions until they reach weaning age.
Management Control Systems in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Case Study
Authors: Quinco-Cadosales Maria Nancy , Famacion-Quinco Daryl F. 
Published: June 2022

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the pillar of the Philippine economy. They comprise 99.6% of the total business establishments in the market. Many studies have said that SMEs, particularly small enterprises, do not utilize management control systems (MCS) due to their simple organizational structure and limited resources. Only a few studies have indicated that these firms have established and are using MCS even those sophisticated management accounting practices (MAPs) and information. This empirical study was conducted to get an understanding of the use and the form of MCSs applied in SMEs in Misamis Occidental and to explore on their implementation of control. The study used the case study method. The study included 46 SMEs surveyed and seven SMEs interviewed. The companies have already been in the industry for more than 10 years and employed from 10 to 199 persons. They are a combination of traditional and modern enterprises due to the generation of the owners/managers handling the business operations. The results suggest that SMEs in Misamis Occidental do use a wide range of MCS practices and information although many practices are not integrated as highly and systematically into their normal operations based on the data of adoption rates and ranks. The results also indicate that MCS are themed along the lines of financial controls, clan controls, customer-oriented controls, relationship controls, and strategic-oriented controls. This shows a combination of traditional MCS and new sophisticated MCS which adds to the knowledge that SMEs do practice and adopt MCS in their operations.
Security Challenges for Digital Transformation in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Assiri Khalid , Almdani Khalid , Al Saeedi Hassan , Softah Abdullah , Khogeer Sultan 
Published: June 2022

Saudi organizations are increasingly using digital technologies. Despite widespread efforts to benefit from digitalization, few companies can claim to have seen significant results. Organizational employees have been linked to the success or failure of the digitization process in a growing body of studies. Three hypotheses regarding the security of the digital transition have been suggested in this study. These hypotheses include determining how security has evolved because of the increased use of digital systems, as well as determining the best risk management strategies. A range of public and private Saudi entities will get an electronic survey as part of this study. In summary, we have found that as the digital transformation grows, the security risk increases as well, necessitating the implementation of a robust security system and the most effective risk management measures. Additionally, the business must include employees in the development and implementation of the digital transformation to maintain their loyalty. Additionally, all employees must understand and agree on the digital transformation goals, objectives, and plans. Successful business leaders can build a compelling vision, unite, and engage staff to adopt new methods of doing business.
Examination of Physical Activity and Emotional Status of University Students
Authors: ŞAHİN Muhammed 
Published: June 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, COVID-19 kapsamında alınan önlemlerin üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite davranışlarını nasıl etkilendiğini belirlemek ve fiziksel aktivitenin öğrencilerin duygu durumları üzerindeki etkisi hakkında bilgi edinmektir.
Materyal ve Metot: Araştırmanın örneklemini basit şeçkisiz örnekleme ile veri toplanan 408 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri çevrimiçi anket yolu ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, kişisel bilgi formu, uluslararası fiziksel aktivite anketi kısa formu ve pozitif ve negatif duygu ölçeği yoluyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin normalliği göz önünde bulunarak istatistiksel analizlerde tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin yanı sıra hipotez testleri için, T-Testi/Mann Whitney U, Ki-Kare Analizi ve Manova Analizi kullanıldı. Son olarak bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenler arasındaki etki düzeyinin belirlenmesi amacı ile Cohen’s d değerleri incelendi.
Bulgular: Araştırma bulgularına göre, haftalık metabolik eşdeğeri (MET) toplam puanı baz alındığında, öğrencilerin %31,1’inin inaktif, %49’1’inin minimal aktif ve %19,8’inin yeterince aktif düzeyde olduğu görüldü. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyine bağlı olarak öğrencilerin duygu durumları üzerinde anlamlı farklılaşmanın meydana geldiği görüldü. Kadın öğrencilerin pozitif duygu puan ortalamalarının erkek öğrencilere kıyasla anlamlı bir şekilde daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Bu duruma karşın negatif duygular ve toplam fiziksel aktivite düzeyinde kadın ve erkeklerin benzer ortalamalara sahip olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak; üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin duygu durumları üzerinde farklılık oluşturduğu görülmüştür. Cinsiyetin pozitif duygular üzerinde etkili olduğu buna karşın negatif duygular ve toplam fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri üzerinde ise etkili olmadığı söylenebilir.
Dynamics of subjective power status
Authors: Kozyreva Polina , Smirnov Aleksandr 
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of the analysis of the features of self-identification of Russian citizens in the power space of the post-Soviet society. The empirical base of the study is formed by the data of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE) by HSE University (1994–2020). The study revealed a positive, but very moderate and not always consistent dynamics of Russian citizens' assessments of their position in the power space. However, despite the fact that Russians have become more optimistic about their ability to influence current events, many of them still feel that they are not active subjects, but rather passive and helpless objects in the system of power relations. There has been established a significant negative, but not strong, correlation between self-assessment of power status and age, as well as a more significant positive correlation between subjective power status and the level of education and professional status closely related to it.
Self-assessment of power status is enhanced by individuals´ belonging to professional groups, whose representatives are more associated with prestigious, highly skilled and highly paid work. A positive correlation has been established between a person's self-determination in the power space and the level of his involvement in professional activities, especially in those with leadership and management functions. A positive correlation is clearly recorded between self-assessment of power status and assessment of the level of respect by others, but the strongest is the relationship between assessments of one's position on the power scales and material well-being. Possession of power expands the resource base of an individual and increases his chances of success in realising life goals. A positive perception of one's professional qualities and achievements, participation in various forms of social and political life significantly increases self-assessment of power status. The most significant factors acting in the opposite direction include the cessation of full communication with other people.
Conspiracy trend in everyday practices of social reflection. Theoretical generalisations
Authors: Sergeev Vsevolod 
Published: June 2022

The article provides a generalized description of such a specific form of social cognition as conspiracy theory. It is emphasised that in the current context, conspiracy thinking can no longer be interpreted as marginal, since it is widely spread as one of the available ways for individuals and groups to reflect on the ambiguous phenomena of social life, primarily related to security threats. Regardless of what final product is produced by the conspiracy theorist – mundane explanations, exotic social, (pseudo)religious concepts, political and geopolitical doctrines, etc. – they are all united by a single conceptual structure (denoted in the work as the “ontological minimum”) and are the result of certain psychological mechanisms. Some similarity of conspiracy theories with the critical direction of philosophical and, more broadly, intellectual thought (in terms of identifying practices of coercion and combating them) is emphasised, with an important caveat about their significant differences (as a rule, an incomparable conceptual level, &amp;quot;excessive&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;unsaturated&amp;quot; skepticism etc.).
When characterizing conspiracy theories, the position of research particularism seems quite justified - the avoidance of a generalized assessment of all ideas with signs of a conspiracy theory, since there is no single rigid criterion. Approaches based on the application of a single criterion to conspiracy theories (conspiracy as a “bad science”, psychopathological discourse, etc.) have limited potential and, if applied systematically, can be criticised for unfounded generalisations (in fact, for the same things that conspiracy theories are criticized for).
On a continuum of variables relevant to understanding conspiracy theories (psychological, social, etc.), most proven connections are not of a hard causal nature. Understanding specific constructions involves identifying exactly how such variables are combined in a particular theory. The above generalised characteristics can become a theoretical basis for empirical studies of the conspiracy trend in the practice of everyday reflection on social problems, primarily existential threats.
Sustainability and its Applications in the Urban Plans for the City of Sana'a (Evaluation Study)
Authors: Almahdi Susan Mohammed , Almadhaji Mohamed A. Salam 
Published: June 2022

Sustainability and applications a way to organize civilization and human activity and an appropriate framework to reach the highest levels of human life in the present and the future without the depletion of natural resources and harming the environment and the most important issues that should be introduced at the city planning and preparation of architectural drawings have started working to find a balance in the environment, the economy and social values one of the most important sustainable urban development tools, and in the city of Sana'a are preparing urban plans in place in a manner not consistent with the sustainability and is based on the principles and criteria of planning sustainable concepts, preparation is often traditional methods which are based spatial distribution of the uses of the various land and this in turn leads to dealing with the various Urbanism aspects It is disjointed and do not follow the ideal method for the preparation of a comprehensive and integrated urban schemes. The research focused on the study of the concept and the foundations of sustainability, strategies for sustainable urban development and the extent to which the preparation of urban plans for the city of Sana'a (importance of research), as the city suffers from multiple urban problems such as depletion of natural resources and the deterioration of economic conditions in addition to the rapid urbanization in the process and the consequent negative social impacts that have emerged due to the lack of urban plans approved and which did not exceed being schemes governing the spatial and functional distribution of some land uses according to the traditional and limited standards and not to introduce the concept of sustainability and its applications in the preparation of urban plans (and here lies the problem of search), the study seeks to the most important bases covered sustainability and strategies in the development of urban plans of the city and the extent of matching on urban plans for the city of Sana'a, and to reach that goal followed a methodology based on the analytical side and comparative analysis between sustainability indicators and strategies in urban plans and impacts on urban plans for the city of Sana'a and out a set of findings and recommendations.
Keywords: Sustainability, Sustainable urban planning, Sana’a city, Land uses.
Ternary Electronic Logic Systems Automation: A Novel Study Based on VHDL Language – Second Part: Ternary Combination Logic Components
Authors: الحميدي عبدالله علي قاسم , أسعد عبدالرقيب عبده 
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the second part of the software library for the Ternary combinational logic components will be built based on VHDL language starting by the TXOR (Ternary XOR gate) and ending by the TPA (Ternary Parallel Adder). This second part is an extension to the library given in the first part of the study which was about the basic Ternary Logic Gates [1].
Keywords: Ternary logic, Ternary combinational logic components, VHDL language.
Modeling Water Supply and Demand for Effective Water Management in the Sana’a Basin in Yemen
Authors: Zamzam Mubarak  , Wail Alderwish  
Published: June 2022

Modelling system is the core for the evaluation of water related sectors in the Sana’a Basin. The numerical modelling (MODFLOW) has emerged as an effective tool for managing groundwater resources and predicting future responses, especially when dealing with complex aquifers systems and heterogeneous formations. MODFLOW model has been used herein as a management tool for the targeted sub- basins in Sana’a Basin such (Wadi Bani Hawat, Wadi Dhahr & Al-Ghayl, Wadi Hamdan & As Sabrahand Wadi Ghayman); the most important groundwater resources for domestic and agricultural sectors in Sana’a basin. A conceptual model was designed according to the actual groundwater dynamic flow system in the 2010 Hydrosult Sana’a Basin Model. Also, the governing partial parabolic differential equation was defined, including the vertical conductivity flow between the aquifers. Total groundwater abstraction values from previous studies were compiled, including the 2015 well inventory data of National Water Resources Authority –Sana’a Basin.In this study, three simulations of groundwater development scenarios were distinguished. The first scenario is applied for evaluation of the present status and till 2025. The second and thethird scenarios are focused on the effect of water augmentation i.e. decrease the present rate of groundwater abstraction to 30% and 50% respectively, with considering the highly intervention of IWRM structure of Sana’a basin on the on-going activities related to change land use, change crop pattern, value chain, marketing, modern irrigation techniques, water harvesting techniques, treated waste reuse etc…. Also other Modules were used in calculating the groundwater demand, deficit and unemployment in agricultural sector inSana’a Basin. Scenario 3 gives a remarkable improvement of the water resources system in the four sub-basins within a reasonable period (in the year 2025), thus, it will keep the water resources sustainability; but the unemployment in agricultural sector in Sana’a Basin in scenario 3 will be is the highest value if comparing with the other two scenarios. It will reachin 2025 under scenario 2 and scenario 3 to 10432 and 14762 respectively while in scenario 1 the unemployment will disappeared in 2025. This study is recommended that irrigation systems should be improved, usage of harvesting water methods and treated waste water reuse for agriculture to avoid the depletion of Sana’ Basin aquifer and to reduce unemployment in agricultural sector in Sana’a Basin.
Keywords: Groundwater Flow Model, MODFLOW, Management Scenarios, Sana’a Basin, Targeted Sub-Basins.