bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting al-Ṭabarī on Maqtal ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib: An Early Report from Historical Learning to Practical Prescription
Authors: El Ali Mariam Saeed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the report (khabar) that relates the reasons behind the killing of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (d. 40/661), as transmitted in the famous History of al-Ṭabarī (d. 310/923), exploring its historical, poetical, and practical facets. After considering its formal and historiographical structure, the paper analyzes some of the report’s phonetical, lexical, and textual elements, revealing its affective poeticity, or capacity to move readers in various ways. A review of different citations of the report in other Arabic medieval compilations positively sheds light on the practical morality that Muslim compilers were orienting their readers to observe, in their employment of titles, subtitles, explicit evaluations, and contextual arrangements among other constructions. The paper aims to attest to the report’s diverse potentials to aid its readers in ultimately answering the ethical question of “What to do, here and now?”
The Way We See It: Poetic-Visual Reciprocity in Egyptian Street Art Since 2011
Authors: Mohamed Eid , Mohamed Talaat Farouq 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article traces the manifestations of the newly adapted artistic form of “calligraffiti,” or the synthetic braiding of poetry and graffiti on what became known as the “walls of protest” in post-2011 Egypt. This new mode of writing/drawing answers to the immediacy of an unprecedented revolutionary moment in Egypt and rewrites Egyptian history in peculiar artistic instantaneity. The image-text discursive dynamics of this hybrid form of expression enhance our understanding of the 2011 Egyptian uprising, enabling us to explore the potential of revolutionary impulse for stretching new artistic forms. This article therefore engages calligraffiti as a means to expand the scope of the literary, and specifically the poetic, to involve the visual dimension as coupled with the conceptual (linguistic). In this border- and genre-crossing artistic mode, Arabic poetry and graffiti meld as a revolutionary form of self-expression that defies local and international hegemonic, patriarchal regimes. Calligraffiti serves not only as a means of registering a revolutionary moment in Egypt or of celebrating the epiphany of the uprising, but more importantly it stands as a cultural and literary tool developed and used by Egyptian artists to represent the revolutionary artistic self and galvanize dissent during a highly contested moment in Egypt’s history. The article thus traces the ways that the calligraffiti of Egyptian artists like Bahiyyah Shihāb (Bahia Shehab) and ʿUmar Fatḥī (Omar Fathy), ʿAmmār Abū Bakr (Ammar Abo Bakr), Ganzīr (Ganzeer), Al-Mushīr (El-Moshir) and ʿAlāʾ ʿAwaḍ (Alaa Awad), are enmeshed with the poetic lines of Amal Dunqul, Pablo Neruda, and Yāsir al-Manawahlī (Yasser el-Manawahly) on the artistic canvas of muralled Egyptian revolution.
Oral Transmission, Ekphrasis, and Technical Drawings: On the Formation of Mishnah Middot
Authors: Skarf Joshua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Scholars have often used the Mishnaic tractate Middot, “Measurements,” as the basis for recreating technical drawings of the Jerusalem Temple. Middot was never intended, however, to be used this way. Buildings in antiquity were largely erected without the use of technical drawings, and construction usually began without a fully resolved design. Furthermore, the very idea of copying a building was different, with no expectations of a faithful replica. Instead, Middot was concerned with transmitting the main elements of the Temple. As such, its compilers were willing to forgo the use of diagrams and rely on common, tried-and-true verbal methods for transmitting architectural information.
Sufyān al-Thawrī and the Kufans
Authors: Melchert Christopher 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sufyān al-Thawrī (d. 161/777?) was a major Kufan jurisprudent with a later reputation for special hostility to Abū Ḥanīfa (d. 150/767) and his school and for upholding hadith against raʾy. However, the record of his hadith transmission as preserved in third/ ninth-century collections shows that he mainly collected and disseminated hadith in Kufa. The record of his agreements and disagreements in law as preserved in Muḥammad b. Naṣr al-Marwazī (d. 295/907–8?), Ikhtilāf al-fuqahāʾ, Ibn al-Mundhir (d. 318/930–1?), al-Ishrāf, and al-Jaṣṣāṣ al-Rāzī (d. 370/981), Mukhtaṣar Ikhtilāf al-ʿulamāʾ, shows preponderant agreement with the Ḥanafiyya and a lower degree of agreement with, among others, al-Awzāʿī and al-Shāfiʿī. The biographical dictionaries record few traces of a personal school of law after him. Doubts have been raised, but in the end he is to be counted an adherent of the Kufan regional school of law.
Seeing in Visionary and Mystical Experience: A Perceptual and Cognitive-Semantic Account
Authors: Stocker Kurt 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
According to Stocker (in press), seeing in visual experience (visual perception and visual imagery) is organized by Talmyan concept structuring. Here, it is proposed that during seeing in extrovertive visionary experience and extrovertive mystical experience, this visual concept structuring is largely or totally suspended—except for the perspective point (pp), which seems to remain in place in all human seeing. Complemented with cognitive-semantic analysis, characterizations of extrovertive visionary experience draw from the writer and philosopher Aldous Huxley, and characterizations of extrovertive mystical experience additionally from the theologian Rudolph Otto and the philosopher Walter Stace. It is also examined how well extrovertive visionary experience and extrovertive mystical experience are captured with altered-state-of-consciousness questionnaires. Potential benefits for the mind from temporary suspension of Talmyan concept structuring are discussed.
Ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Yu , Zhang Yang , Liu Jinping 
Published: October 2022

Purpose Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is employed to support critically ill COVD-19 patients. The occurrence of ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), as well as the implementation of anticoagulation strategies under the dual influence of ECMO and COVID-19 remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to describe the ischemic stroke, ICH and overall in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients receiving ECMO and summarize the anticoagulation regimens. Methods EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus were searched for studies examining ischemic stroke, ICH, and mortality in COVID-19 patients supported with ECMO. The outcomes were incidences of ischemic stroke, ICH, overall in-hospital mortality and anticoagulation regimens. We calculated the pooled proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to summarize the results. Results We analyzed 12 peer-reviewed studies involving 6039 COVID-19 patients. The incidence of ischemic stroke had a pooled estimate of 2.2% (95% CI: 1.2%–3.2%). The pooled prevalence of ICH was 8.0% (95% CI: 6.3%–9.6%). The pooled estimate of overall in-hospital mortality was 40.3% (95% CI: 33.1%–47.5%). The occurrence of ICH was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients supported with ECMO than in other respiratory ECMO [relative risk=1.75 (95% CI: 1.00–3.07)]. Unfractionated heparin was the most commonly used anticoagulant, and anticoagulation monitoring practice varied among centers. Conclusions Ischemic stroke and ICH were common under the double “hit” of COVID-19 and ECMO. The prevalence of ICH was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients supported with ECMO than non-COVID-19 patients requiring ECMO. Individualized anticoagulation regimens may be a good choice to balance thrombosis and bleeding. More detailed research and further exploration are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism and clinical management decisions.
Vitamin D Deficiency at Diagnosis Increases All-Cause and Prostate Cancer-specific Mortality in Jamaican Men
Authors: McGrowder Donovan , Tulloch-Reid Marshall K. , Coard Kathleen C. M. , McCaw-Binns Afette M. , Ferguson Trevor S. , Aiken William , Harrison Leroy , Anderson Simon G. , Jackson Maria D. 
Published: October 2022

Background 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and serum calcium have been associated with incident prostate cancer (PCa). However, there is limited data on whether these metabolites predict survival in men of African descent, a population disproportionately affected by PCa. We studied the relationship of 25(OH)D at PCa diagnosis with all-cause and cancer-specific mortality among Jamaican men and examined whether serum calcium modified any associations. Methods Serum 25(OH)D from 152 Jamaican men with incident PCa within the Prostate Cancer Risk Evaluation (PROSCARE) study were re-evaluated approximately 11 years after enrollment. 25(OH)D analyses were stratified using the using Holick criteria. PCa-specific and all-cause mortality were examined in Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox regression models adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking and Gleason score. Restricted cubic splines evaluated nonlinear associations. Serum calcium was assessed as an effect modifier of the association between 25(OH)D and mortality. Results Of cases with available 25(OH)D, 64 men with PCa survived, 38 deaths were PCa specific and 36 died of other causes. At baseline, 9.9% of cases were vitamin D deficient and 61.2% were vitamin D sufficient. Compared to 25(OH)D sufficient men, those with 25(OH)D <20.0 ng/mL concentrations were associated with higher PCa-specific mortality (adjusted HR, 4.95; 95% CI, 1.68, 14.63, P = .004) and all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 2.40; 95%CI, 1.33, 4. 32, P = .003). Serum calcium was not associated with survival and did not modify any associations with 25(OH)D. Conclusions 25(OH)D deficiency at PCa diagnosis predicted decreased survival for overall and PCa-specific cancer in Caribbean men of African ancestry.
A novel low-cost indigenous goggle design for oxygen delivery in oxygen supplemented accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking
Authors: Sinha Rajesh , Sabir Mohammed , Asif Mohamed Ibrahime , Kalra Nidhi , Kumar Kanil Ranjith , Sinha Renu 
Published: October 2022

Purpose Our study aims to describe a novel low-cost indigenous design of goggles for delivery of oxygen during oxygen supplemented accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) Methods The goggles were prepared by modifying the safety goggles available in personal protective equipment (PPE) kit. The goggle has two side openings covered with plugs. One plug was removed to insert a tubing for oxygen delivery at a rate of 5 litres/minute. A 20-gauge intravenous cannula was introduced from superior aspect of the goggle for measuring oxygen saturation in periocular environment. Results The procedure could be successfully performed without any intraoperative difficulty with an oxygen concentration between 80–90% throughout procedure. The time to achieve maximum concentration after switching on oxygen supply was between 30–60 s. None of our patients complained of any discomfort due to goggles. There was no mechanical interference of the goggles with the UV delivery system and a focused UV light could be delivered. The opening in goggles allowed for uninterrupted alignment and centration of UV light at the corneal level. The effective cost of the goggles, canula and tubing amounted to 400INR (5.50USD). There was no distortion, kinking or slippage of the tubing allowing for uninterrupted oxygen flow. These goggles could be sterilized multiple times using plasma sterilization. Conclusion The current modified cost-effective goggle design could be an effective alternative to the currently available oxygen delivery goggles, especially in a low resource setting.
A new look at cognitive functioning in pediatric MS
Authors: Krupp Lauren B , Waubant Emmanuelle , Waltz Michael , Casper T Charles , Belman Anita , Wheeler Yolanda , Ness Jayne , Graves Jennifer , Gorman Mark , Benson Leslie , Mar Soe , Goyal Manu , Schreiner Teri , Weinstock-Guttman Bianca , Rodriguez Moses , Tillema Jan-Mendelt , Lotze Timothy , Aaen Greg , Rensel Mary , Rose John , Chitinis Tanuja , George Allan , Charvet Leigh E ,   and the US Network of Pediatric MS Centers
Published: October 2022

Objective: Cognitive involvement in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) relative to adult MS is less defined. This study advances our understanding by measuring cognitive performances in pediatric MS, adult MS, and pediatric healthy controls. Methods: Consecutive relapsing pediatric MS participants from the United States Network of Pediatric MS Centers were compared with pediatric healthy controls and adults with relapsing MS. Participants were compared on two screening batteries: the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS and the Cogstate Brief Battery. Results were transformed to age-normative z scores. Results: The pediatric groups (MS vs. Healthy Controls) did not differ on either battery’s composite mean score or individual test scores ( ps > 0.32), nor in the proportions impaired on either battery, Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (26% vs. 24%, p = 0.83); Cogstate Brief Battery (26% vs. 32%, p = 0.41). The pediatric versus adult MS group even after controlling for differences in disease duration performed better on the Brief International Cognition Assessment for MS composite ( p = 0.03), Symbol Digit Modalities Test ( p = 0.02), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test ( p = 0.01), and Cogstate choice reaction time ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pediatric MS patients do not differ from healthy pediatric controls on cognitive screens but perform better than adults with MS.
Está abriendo, la abrió: Lexical knowledge, verb type, and grammatical aspect shape child heritage speakers’ direct object omission in Spanish
Authors: Shin Naomi L. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: This study investigates the influence of lexical knowledge, progressive aspect, and verb type on bilingual children’s direct object expression in Spanish. Methodology: Sixty-one child heritage speakers of Spanish, ages 3;3-8;8, and 10 Spanish-speaking adults in the United States completed a task designed to elicit Spanish transitive verbs and direct objects. The children’s comprehension of Spanish vocabulary was measured by a standardized test. Data and Analysis: The children produced 743 transitive verbs, which were coded for grammatical aspect, comparing progressive and non-progressive forms, and for whether the verbs were “mixed” (verbs that routinely occur with or without a direct object among adults) or “non-mixed” (verbs that generally occur with a direct object among adults). Findings: The adults rarely omitted directed objects, whereas the children frequently did. Mixed-effects logistic regression analyses demonstrate that the higher the children’s Spanish vocabulary score, the less they omitted. Furthermore, progressive verb forms and mixed verbs increased the likelihood of omission. The progressive effect is interpreted as a reflection of children’s tendency to associate atelicity with intransitivity. The mixed-verb effect is interpreted as reflecting a lack of understanding of the discourse conditions that render omission infelicitous with mixed verbs. These two verb-level effects dissipated with age, suggesting a loosening of the atelicity–intransitivity association and an increasing awareness of the discourse conditions that guide direct object expression. Originality: The study demonstrates that bilingual children’s omission patterns are guided by progressive aspect and verb type, thus revealing an intricate and nuanced developmental pathway. Implications: While previous research has shown that bilingual children omit more direct objects than monolingual children, this study reveals important systematicities in bilingual children’s omission patterns. Studying child heritage speakers’ grammars in their own right paves the way for a deeper understanding of the systematic nature of the developing heritage grammar.
Experimental and FE analysis of composite RC beams with encased pultruded GFRP I-beam under static loads
Authors: Ibrahim Teghreed H , Allawi Abbas A , El-Zohairy Ayman 
Published: October 2022

Encasing glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) beam with reinforced concrete (RC) improves stability, prevents buckling of the web, and enhances the fire resistance efficiency. This paper provides experimental and numerical investigations on the flexural performance of RC specimens composite with encased pultruded GFRP I-sections. The effect of using shear studs to improve the composite interaction between the GFRP beam and concrete was explored. Three specimens were tested under three-point loading. The deformations, strains in the GFRP beams, and slippages between the GFRP beams and concrete were recorded. The embedded GFRP beam enhanced the peak loads by 65% and 51% for the composite specimens with and without shear connectors, respectively. Moreover, a non-linear Finite Element (FE) model was developed and validated by the experimental results to conduct a parametric study. The peak loads of the composite specimen without shear studs increased by 14% and 31% and of the composite specimen with shear studs increased by 20% and 32% for the compressive strength of 35 MPa and 45 MPa, respectively.
Clinical Outcomes Following Suturing of Sheath of Peroneal Tendons to the Calcaneal Plate as an Innovative Technique for Reduction of Peroneal Tendon Instability Accompanying Calcaneal Fracture
Authors: Vosoughi Amir Reza , Hashemipour Babak , Khademi Sahar , Akbarzadeh Armin , Shayan Zahra 
Published: October 2022

Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes following suturing of sheath of peroneal tendons to the calcaneal plate as an innovative technique for reduction of peroneal tendon instability (PTI) accompanying calcaneal fracture surgically treated via extensile lateral approach (ELA). Methods In a retrospective comparative study, among 245 operatively treated calcaneal fractures through ELA, we had 33 cases with PTI who underwent relocation of the peroneal tendons with ethibond suture in a figure-of-8 shape, passed through 2 parts of sheath of peroneal tendons and stitched to the calcaneal plate. Of the 33 cases, 12 were evaluated in the experimental group. Twelve surgically treated calcaneal fractures without PTI were matched as the control group. The outcome of the patients was assessed by American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale, Foot Function Index (FFI) percentage, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain, changes in Tegner activity level, maximal peroneal muscles strength testing, modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), and triple hop for distance (THD) test. For the last 3 tests, the difference between operated and normal feet was calculated for each patient and this difference was compared between the 2 groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups for AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale (P = .09), FFI percentage (P = .12), VAS pain (P = .73), changes in Tegner activity level (P = .87), maximal peroneal muscles strength testing (P = .45), mSEBT (P > .05), and THD (P = .87) tests. We had a case with point tenderness on retromalleolar groove and 4 cases with paresthesia in the territory of the sural nerve in the experimental group in contrary to one case of sural nerve paresthesia in the control group (P = .31). Conclusions Relocation of peroneal tendons in PTI accompanying calcaneal fractures by fixing sheath of peroneal tendons to the calcaneal plate could be an acceptable procedure with good outcomes but may have increased chance of sural nerve injury. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level III: Retrospective
Genomic Architecture of Yield Performance of an Elite Rice Hybrid Revealed by its Derived Recombinant Inbred Line and Their Backcross Hybrid Populations
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Conghe , Zhao Xiuqin , Zhu Shuangbing , Chen Kai , Zhou Guixiang , Wu Zhichao , Li Min , Zheng Tianqing , Wang Wensheng , Yan Zhi , Fei Qinyong , Li Zhikang , Chen Jinjie , Xu Jianlong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Since its development and wide adoption in China, hybrid rice has reached the yield plateau for more than three decades. To understand the genetic basis of heterosis in rice and accelerate hybrid rice breeding, the yield performances of the elite rice hybrid, Quan-you-si-miao (QYSM) were genetically dissected by whole-genome sequencing, large-scale phenotyping of 1061 recombined inbred lines (RILs) and 1061 backcross F1 (BCF1) hybrids derived from QYSM’s parents across three environments and gene-based analyses.

Results
Genome-wide scanning of 13,847 segregating genes between the parents and linkage mapping based on 855 bins across the rice genome and phenotyping experiments across three environments resulted in identification of large numbers of genes, 639 main-effect QTLs (M-QTLs) and 2736 epistatic QTLs with significant additive or heterotic effects on the trait performances of the combined population consisting of RILs and BCF1 hybrids, most of which were environment-specific. The 324 M-QTLs affecting yield components included 32.7% additive QTLs, 38.0% over-dominant or dominant ones with strong and positive effects and 29.3% under-dominant or incomplete recessive ones with significant negative heterotic effects.
63.6% of 1403 genes with allelic introgression from subspecies japonica/Geng in the parents of QYSM may have contributed significantly to the enhanced yield performance of QYSM.

Conclusions
The parents of QYSM and related rice hybrids in China carry disproportionally more additive and under-dominant genes/QTLs affecting yield traits. Further focus in indica/Xian rice breeding should shift back to improving inbred varieties, while breaking yield ceiling of Xian hybrids can be achieved by one or combinations of the three strategies: (1) by pyramiding favorable alleles of additive genes, (2) by eliminating or minimizing under-dominant loci, and (3) by pyramiding overdominant/dominant genes polymorphic, particularly those underlying inter-subspecific heterosis.