bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enterococcus faecalis rnc gene modulates its susceptibility to disinfection agents: a novel approach against biofilm
Authors: Xia Mengying , Zhuo Niya , Ren Shirui , Zhang Hongyu , Yang Yingming , Lei Lei , Hu Tao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) plays an important role in the failure of root canal treatment and refractory periapical periodontitis. As an important virulence factor of E. faecalis, extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) serves as a matrix to wrap bacteria and form biofilms. The homologous rnc gene, encoding Ribonuclease III, has been reported as a regulator of EPS synthesis. Searching the novel anti-biofilm targets, the effects of the rnc gene on the biological characteristics of E. faecalis were investigated and the biofilm tolerance towards the typical root canal irrigation agents and traditional Chinese medicine fluid Pudilan was compared.Methods: E. faecalis rnc gene overexpression (rnc+) and low-expression (rnc-) strains were constructed. The growth curves of E. faecalis ATCC29212, rnc+, and rnc- strains were identified to study the regulatory effect of the rnc gene on E. faecalis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and crystal violet staining assays were performed to evaluate the morphology and composition of E. faecalis biofilms. Furthermore, the wild-type and mutant biofilms were treated with 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and Pudilan. The residual viabilities of E. faecalis biofilms were evaluated using crystal violet staining and colony counting assays.Results: The results demonstrated that the rnc gene could suppress bacterial growth and EPS synthesis, causing the EPS-barren biofilm morphology and low EPS/bacteria ratio. Both the rnc+ and rnc- biofilms showed increased susceptibility to the root canal irrigation agents. 5% NaOCl showed the highest biofilm removing effect followed by Pudilan and 2% CHX. The colony counting results showed almost complete removal of bacteria in the 5% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and Chinese medicine agents’ groups.Conclusions: This study concluded that the rnc gene could positively regulate bacterial proliferation, EPS synthesis, and biofilm formation in E. faecalis. The rnc mutation caused an increase in the disinfectant sensitivity of biofilm, indicating a potential anti-biofilm target. In addition, Pudilan exhibited an excellent ability to remove E. faecalis biofilm.
Identification of Intracranial Aneurysm Inflammatory Hub Genes by Machine Learning
Authors: Dai Penggao , Lin Qi , Chen Jianping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Rupture of intracranial aneurysm (IA) has a very high mortality and disability rate, so it is very important to explore the mechanism of IA formation and to find potential drug therapy targets. Inflammatory responses have now been shown to play an important role in the formation and development of IA. The diagnosis, therapeutic target and prognostic marker research of various diseases through machine learning has superior performance, but it has not been reported in IA. In this study, we searched for the core inflammatory genes in the formation of IA through the GEO database, and identified the interaction relationship of these genes and the core regulated gene (TLR4) through the string database. The results of enrichment analysis indicated that our obtained inflammatory genes were associated with inflammatory response, immune response and vascular disease. Then, three key genes (CLEC7A, RTP4, SOX11) were found by two machine learning algorithms. The ROC curve results showed that key genes had high clinical value. In addition, by analyzing the correlation between key genes and immune cell infiltration, we found that inflammatory cells positively correlated with the expression of key genes play an important role in the formation and development of IA. This study is the first time to find the key genes of IA formation by machine learning method. The hub genes obtained in this study can provide new ideas for the formation and molecular mechanism of IA in the future, and provide a new direction for the non-surgical treatment of IA.
A new hereditary PROS1 mutation caused isolated cortical venous thrombosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Huang Jieming , Zeng Yuqi , Sun Bin , Xin Jiawei , Yu Erhan , Chen Xiaochun , Ye Qinyong , Chen Ying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Protein S Deficiency is a rare inherited disease. We report a disease process that a young man with a new PROS1(OMIM:176880) mutation suddenly occurred Isolated cortical vein thrombosis(ICoVT).Case presentation: The patient suffered from headaches and Paroxysmal convulsion without obvious inducement. Physical examination, coagulation function test were generally normal. The activity of protein S was 21.2%, which was significantly lower than the normal value. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) showed right parietal cerebral hemorrhage, right parietal cortex vein thickening, cord-like. When we reviewed the patient's family history, we found that his father had successively suffered from mesenteric venous thrombosis, Portal venous thrombosis, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Genetic analysis revealed a new PROS1 mutation in the patient and his father. In addition, there is a duplication about 403.6Kb in the patient's chromosome 3q26.32-33. And we summarized the characteristics of cases with PROS1 LG2 subunit mutation.Conclusions: This is a novel case report that a new PROS1 gene missense mutation caused ICoVT. It provides information for us to understand the functional information of PROS1. When come to unexplained ICoVT, we need to consider the possibility of PROS1 gene mutation.
Effect of smoking on retinal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex in diabetes
Authors: li lu , Zhang Lina , Zheng Zhaoxia , Zhang Duo , Yan Meng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PurposeThe aim of this study is to show the effect of smoking on retina layers measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diabetes, especially retinal ganglion cell complex and inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness.Materials and MethodsThe 92 smoking and 92 never-smoking subjects were divided into six groups­—healthy smokers group (HS), healthy nonsmokers group (HNS), diabetic smokers group (DS), diabetic nonsmokers group(DNS), diabetic retinopathy smokers(DRS) group, diabetic retinopathy nonsmokers group(DRNS), based on whether they were diagnosed as diabetes and the ET-DRS classification. After full ophthalmologic examination, retinal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex(GC-IPL) thickness, and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured by OCT. Statistical analysis was performed to compare GC-IPL thickness and CMT values between groups. ResultsThere were no significant differences in GC-IPL thickness and CMT between the healthy smokers and healthy nonsmokers group. All quadrants of GC-IPL and mean GC-IPL were thinner in the diabetic smokers than diabetic nonsmokers group except that of inferotemporal GC-IPL thickness and CMT. Superonasal, superior GC-IPL and mean GC-IPL were thinner in the diabetic retinopathy smokers than diabetic retinopathy nonsmokers group. On the contrary, there were no statistically significant difference in other quadrants of GC-IPL and CMT. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that advancing age and smoking behaviors are the most important determinants for mean GC-IPL. ConclusionSmoking may affect GC-IPL thickness in diabetes but not in the healthy people.
NSS-Bridge Device for Post-Cesarean Delivery Analgesia: A Feasibility Trial
Authors: Lim Grace , Nowakowski Emma , LaSorda Kelsea R. , Altamirano Valeria , Morgan Madison , Makeen Mutasim , Beck Stacy , Krans Elizabeth , Chelly Jacques E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Percutaneous auricular nerve stimulation has been used for the treatment of symptoms associated with opioid withdrawal, including abdominal pain, nausea, and general discomfort. However, its potential utility for pain management and opioid minimization after surgery has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of a trial protocol designed to assess the effectiveness of the NSS2-Bridge device as a non-pharmacologic alternative to opioids after cesarean delivery.
Methods
In a randomized control design, healthy women receiving cesarean delivery were randomized in a 1:1:1 allocation to receive the active device, placebo device, or no device. Devices were placed on the ear following cesarean delivery and left in place for 5 days. Feasibility and acceptability of the device was assessed by patient reports of device tolerability (rated on a 100mm visual analog scale where 0 is not tolerable at all and 100 is the most tolerable) as well as qualitative reporting. Additional outcomes assessed included proportion of patients not using opioids in hospital, as well as pain at rest, pain with movement, and total opioid consumption in the hospital and for the first 5 days after surgery.
Results
There were 60 patients included in the final analysis. Device tolerability was rated highly, with an average daily score of > 75 mm on the visual analog scale. The trial retention rate was 89.7% with most exclusions (42.9%) occurring due to unanticipated development of care complexity (e.g., hemorrhage and additional surgical procedures), with only 1 exclusion (14.3%) due to device discomfort. The active device group achieved the highest proportion of opioid-free hospitalizations (40%) compared to placebo (20%) and no device groups (30%). Pain at rest and with movement was similar between treatment groups.
Conclusions
The NSS2-Bridge device for post-cesarean pain management is feasible and acceptable to patients. Larger proportions of patients not using opioids in the active device group justifies additional investigation on device effectiveness in the context of opioid use disorders in pregnant and postpartum people.
WITHDRAWN: Computational fluid dynamics modeling of microstructured steam reforming reactors for hydrogen production
Authors: Chen Junjie , Ge Wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Improvements in microstructured steam reforming reactors would be highly beneficial to the production of hydrogen. The present study relates to a catalytic process of steam-methanol reforming for the production of hydrogen in a microstructured heterogeneous reaction system. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the effects of washcoat thickness and wall thermal conductivity on the efficiency and performance of a microstructured steam reforming reactor system. Design recommendations were made to improve the overall efficiency and performance of the microstructured heterogeneous reaction system. The results indicated that temperature uniformity can be maintained across the walls due to the small scale of the reactor system. The washcoat thickness and the inlet velocity are vital in determining the methanol conversion efficiency of the reactor system. The methanol conversion decreases with increasing flow velocity or with decreasing washcoat thickness. The hydrogen production rate increases with increasing the inlet velocity of the reforming stream. Copper and oxides of zinc and aluminum can be used effectively as a catalyst for methanol steam reforming in the reactor system. The wall thermal conductivity has a strong effect on the reforming efficiency of the reactor system. High wall thermal conductivity can offer performance advantages.
The Role of (De)bonding in the Legitimation of Violence in Extremists' Public Threatening Communication
Authors: Etaywe Awni 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
One aspect of threat of terrorist public communication is incitement to violence and legitimating it (Tsesis, 2017). This paper contributes to understanding how bonds tabled in discourse are exploited to legitimize 'Our' violence and to delegitimize ‘outgroups’. I argue that the inciting texts drive the strategic use of bonds to achieve a main rhetorical function: legitimizing violence. The patterns of bonds, geared as a basis for perception and (de)legitimation, are investigated as realized in a set of incitement texts communicated publicly by the former al-Qaeda leader, Osama bin Laden, and the far-rightist, Brenton Tarrant. The analytical approach mainly draws on Knight's (2010) social semiotic approach to bonding to identify the account of bonds as evidence of and entry points to (de)legitimation. The patterns of bonds across each terrorist's texts are then labelled thematically based on what is (de)legitimated. To identify reference to reasons of (de)legitimation, Van Leeuwen's (2007) semantic-functional strategies of critique and (de)legitimation are used. To map the rhetorical structure level-style of (de)legitimation, the classic appeal strategies – pathos (appeal to incitees' emotions), logos (rational arguments) and ethos (authority-based arguments) – are identified. Findings showed that both authors tended to deploy (i) communing bonds to legitimize 'Our' violence and (ii) condemning bonds to delegitimize outgroups (mainly, their actions, values, and membership), chiefly via moralization, rationalization and authorization, and by drawing on authors' ethos and logical reasoning.
Double window: definition of a new pseudo-color mapping scheme for medical imaging
Authors: Chen Chong , Huang Jia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The number of gray levels in medical images significantly exceeds the range of human eye recognition. In this paper, we propose a series of definitions for real-time pseudo-color enhancement based on the hue, saturation, and value (HSV) color space. First, the definitions of gray window and color window are given as follows: in the HSV color space, the gray window means mapping pixel values to value, and saturation is set to zero. Thereafter, the color window was defined by mapping pixel values to hue, with the maximum saturation and value. Moreover, pixel values greater than the upper bound of the gray window were converted to hues in the double window. The images in the double window display the details shown in the lung window, mediastinal window, and bone window for chest computed tomography and showed more details than the grayscale image in brain magnetic resonance imaging. The proposed method enhances the display effect in some cases; for example, when the image histogram has more than one peak, the information displayed white in a regular grayscale image is displayed in color.
Fostering empathy among preadolescents through stories: A Protocol for Scoping Review.
Authors: Odumegwu Joseph Chinwuba 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundNo matter the age, everyone craves interaction and belonging, and storytelling creates this sense of belonging. Stories have the power to engage, influence, teach and inspire listeners.The emotional connection built when listening to a story, as opposed to reading raw facts or data, is far more stronger and pushes people to act in an altruistic, empathetic or prosocial manner. ObjectiveOverall, this study aims to identify all relevant quantitative and qualitative literature in the area of storytelling and empathy among preadolescents aged 5 to 12 years, by adopting the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework. MethodsFollowing the scoping review guidelines provided by Arksey and O'Malley, the underlisted electronic databases will be searched; MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, CINAHL and Cochrane. Reference lists of articles, gray literature and journals would be screened to locate additional studies. Inclusion criteria will be strictly based on study aims and objectives. ResultsThe results of this review will be reported using the PRISMA-ScR (Tricco et al., 2018). The results will address the primary research question and describe a summary of the available literature on storytelling interventions on preadolescence's empathy. ConclusionsA scoping review of storytelling interventions and empathy outcomes for preadolescents has never been conducted due to a lack of literature. This report wants to fill this gap by summarizing what is known about this issue. Findings of this review will potentially inform future research into the effectiveness of storytelling interventions and point to the gaps in knowledge.
Incidence estimate of Cancer Cases in State/UT of India from 2018 to 2021-v-1
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Anupama Advocate 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The data on cancer is provided by various population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and hospital-based cancer registries (HBCRs) in India. This article contains 4 years (2018–2021) incidence data analysis from the network of cancer registries in India working under the National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP). This study examined the cancer incidence, from 28 PBCRs and 58 HBCRs. The annual growth rates of cancer incidence were calculated by dividing current year incidence from previous year incidence and multiplying it with 100. This study provides the status and trends of cancer incidence in India. This snapshot short study will help decision makers to think for action to improve measures of cancer prevention and control to achieve the sustainable development goals.
Design of Attributes Control Charts for Defects Based on Type-2 Fuzzy Sets with Real Case Studies from Automotive Industry
Authors: kaya ihsan , Devrim Elif , Baraçlı Hayri 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Statistical process control (SPC) that generally relies on the use of control charts (CCs) to monitor a manufacturing process for identifying special causes and signals for correct actions in the process is a critical and important approach to evaluate processes for improving quality and reducing reworks and scraps. So that their effects can be found and the necessary preventive action can be suggested before a large number of nonconforming products are manufactured. The determination of variability that can follow by CCS affects the cost and quality of process. To eliminate the high scrap ratio, rework cost, and to ensure customer satisfaction, CCs are effective quality tools to determine whether a process is in-control or out of control in a production environment. Currently, there are many applications in the industry where quality characteristics of a product or a process are analyzed by CCs. Monitoring of some types of quality characteristics are not correct, if the quality-related characteristics cannot be represented in numerical forms, such as characteristics for appearance, softness, color, then CCs for attributes are used. The theory of classical CCs requires all the data to be exactly known. But sometimes, we need human judgments and evaluations to construct CCs or process’ uncertainities cannot be defined by crisp numbers. In these cases, we can successfully use the fuzzy set theory (FST) to design CCs based on attributes. The major contribution of FST is its capability of representing vague data or managing uncertainty. FST is a systematic base in dealing with situations, which are ambiguous or not well defined. Fuzzy control charts (FCCs) based on human judgments, uncertainties, or vagueness are utilized when vague data is used as real-valued interpretations of uncertainty and vagueness. Recently, extensions of fuzzy sets are often used to manage unceratinties of process. We also know that one of the extensions of FST named type-2 fuzzy sets has fuzzy membership degrees that ability for more flexible modeling uncertainties than type-1 fuzzy sets or traditional fuzzy sets. This paper presents a design of CCs for nonconformities called control charts for attributes based on type-2 fuzzy sets and a real case application in the automotive sector. The control limits (CLs) and central limit (CL) values have been obtained. Two well-known attributes control charts named and have been designed and analyzed based on type-2 fuzzy sets for this aim. The obtained results show that it provides a more sensitive and flexible evaluation opportunity compared to the CCs.
Evaluation of Potential Locations for Hydropower Plants by Using a Fuzzy Based Methodology Consists of Two-Dimensional Uncertain Linguistic Variables
Authors: kaya ihsan , Işık Gürkan , Karaşan Ali , Gündoğdu Fatma Kutlu , Baraçlı Hayri 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Hydropower is one of the most efficient renewable energy sources for the sustainability of the environment if the plant location is well decided. The plant location should satisfy different criteria emerged by a wide range of criteria, consisting of law, environment, and the expectations of the investors and residents. Some of these criteria can be conflicting. Some of them may also be in a relationship with each other. Moreover, they may be evaluated in a system that contains uncertainty consisting of a lack of information, impreciseness in the data, and human hesitancy. These aspects can be a powerful effect on the location selection of the hydropower plants and are considered in mathematical formulations. So, the problem can be considered as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem under uncertainty. In this study, by considering the types of uncertainties, impreciseness of the available data, and hesitancy of the experts, an integrated MCDM methodology consisting of DEMATEL, cognitive mapping, and TOPSIS methods has been extended based on hesitant fuzzy z-numbers. Then the proposed methodology has been applied for the evaluation of potential locations for hydropower plants in Turkey. For this aim, a hierarchical structure consisting of twenty-nine criteria and four alternative locations has been determined for the assessment by combining literature analysis and expert knowledge. In the first stage, the criteria “Availability of Water”, “Annual flow”, “Technology”, “Capacity”, and “Annual energy production” have been demonstrated as the most influential criteria for location selection. Then, based on the z-number fuzzy TOPSIS method, the most appropriate alternative for the construction location has been determined in Turkey. The findings have been checked in terms of validation and flexibility of the given decisions by applying sensitivity and comparative analyses.
Does speed kill or make friction better? — Designing materials for high velocity sliding
Authors: Eder Stefan J , Grützmacher Philipp G , Ripoll Manel Rodríguez , Gachot Carsten , Dini Daniele 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Many modern applications rely on the safe operation of components sliding at high speeds, e.g., in the fields of e-mobility, high-speed manufacturing, or impact-resistant materials. While the impact of mechanical energy and heat on the friction and wear behavior of dry metallic interfaces has been the focus of extensive research in the past, the effect of extreme speeds on the near-surface deformation mechanisms in polycrystalline metals has remained poorly understood. In this work, we have tackled this crucial issue by exploring sliding velocities ranging from 10 to 2560 m/s via large-scale molecular dynamics simulations to identify three distinct deformation regimes in CuNi alloys. The microstructural response does not vary much for any of the considered systems up to sliding velocities of 40 m/s, but then evolves drastically up to a maximum value located between 320 and 1280 m/s depending on the composition. We observe that the degree of plastic deformation at the highest sliding speeds drops down to a level almost as low as for the lowest sliding speeds. We attribute this behavior to a sharp increase in the contact temperature at these high sliding speeds, approaching or even exceeding the bulk melting temperature, which goes hand in hand with a decline in the contact area and the resistance to sliding. Our characterization of the non-linear and non-monotonic material response to increasing sliding velocities will aid the systematic selection of materials and the design of robust components for a variety of high-speed sliding and wear applications.