bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The “COVID-19 Approach” to Distal Radius Fracture Management
Authors: Walker Lucy C. , O'Connor David , Richards Simon W. , Southgate Jeremy J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background In response to the coronavirus pandemic the British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma and Orthopaedics (BOAST) guidelines advised treating distal radius fractures (DRFs) non-operatively where possible.
Questions/Purpose The aim of this study was to assess whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown within the United Kingdom did alter the management of DRFs and whether there was any subsequent change in patient outcome or complication rate.
Patients and Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed at a single orthopaedic center within the United Kingdom. The cohort of patients presenting with DRFs during the first lockdown was identified through the virtual fracture clinic database. The cohort of patients from the previous year was also identified for comparison. Data was collected on patient demographics, radiological features of the fractures, management, patient outcome and subsequent complications. Comparisons were then made between the cohorts for each year.
Results The pre-COVID cohort had a significantly higher number of patients reviewed in face-to-face clinic appointments (p = 0.0044) and the mean number of clinic appointments for those patients was significantly higher (p = 0.0149). There was no significant difference between the cohorts regarding patient complications or any need for return to theater with a minimum 10 month follow-up period.
Conclusion Despite comparative numbers and patterns of DRFs as well as no significant difference in the number of injuries requiring orthopaedic intervention, the burden on fracture clinic services was significantly reduced during the COVID pandemic. Encouragingly, this reduction in follow-up has not translated into an increased prevalence of complications or requirement for further surgery.
Level of Evidence The level of evidence of the study is level III.
An ethnographic study of multilingual language policy localization with a focus on the resolution of communication problems in international Non-governmental Organizations (INGOs)
Authors: Zhao Yun , Zhao Ronghui , Liu Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTaking the China Office of an international Non-governmental Organization (INGO) as its site of study, this article analyzed how an international multilingual language policy was localized by focusing on the solving of communication problems. It was found that overt and covert language policies work together to form a talent pool of potential language broker and language node, who functioned in solving communication problems in planned and unplanned scenarios. The emergence of language broker and language node in INGOs demonstrates on one hand, the exercise of individual and institutional agency in solving communication problems; on the other hand, the interaction of language policy at different layers (international-national-institutional) in shaping individual’s language practice. The article contributes to the study of language policy in post-modern era by providing a conceptualization of language policy localization process that centers around solving communication problems in INGO work places.
Scientific authorship by gender: trends before and during a global pandemic
Authors: Son Ji-Young , Bell Michelle L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany fields of science are still dominated by men. COVID-19 has dramatically changed the nature of work, including for scientists, such as lack of access to key resources and transition to online teaching. Further, scientists face the pandemic-related stressors common to other professions (e.g., childcare, eldercare). As many of these activities fall more heavily on women, the pandemic may have exacerbated gender disparities in science. We analyzed self-identified gender of corresponding author for 119,592 manuscripts from 151 countries submitted January 2019 to July 2021 to the Institute of Physics (IOP) portfolio of 57 academic journals, with disciplines of astronomy and astrophysics, bioscience, environmental science, materials, mathematics, physics, and interdisciplinary research. We consider differences by country, journal, and pre-pandemic versus pandemic periods. Gender was self-identified by corresponding author for 82.9% of manuscripts (N = 99,114 for subset of submissions with gender). Of these manuscripts, authors were 82.1% male, 17.8% female, and 0.08% non-binary. Most authors were male for all countries (country-specific values: range 0.0–100.0%, median 86.1%) and every journal (journal-specific values range 63.7–91.5%, median 83.7%). The contribution of female authors was slightly higher in the pandemic (18.7%) compared to pre-pandemic (16.5%). However, prior to the pandemic, the percent of submissions from women had been increasing, and this value slowed during the pandemic. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not find that manuscript submissions from women decreased during the pandemic, although the rate of increased submissions evident prior to the pandemic slowed. In both pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, authorship was overwhelmingly male for all journals, countries, and fields. Further research is needed on impacts of the pandemic on other measures of scientific productivity (e.g., accepted manuscripts, teaching), scientific position (e.g., junior vs. senior scholars), as well as the underlying gender imbalance that persisted before and during the pandemic.
High-energy density aqueous supercapacitors: The role of electrolyte pH and KI redox additive
Authors: Eredia Matilde , Bellani Sebastiano , Zappia Marilena I. , Gabatel Luca , Galli Valerio , Bagheri Ahmad , Beydaghi Hossein , Bianca Gabriele , Conticello Irene , Pellegrini Vittorio , Bonaccorso Francesco 
Published: October 2022

Supercapacitors (SCs), including the most established electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs), are energy storage systems that can be charged in the second timescale, while sustaining a great number of re-charge cycles without losing efficiency. Undoubtedly, their major drawback is their insufficient energy density compared to batteries. Meanwhile, the reduction of the SC costs using cheap and sustainable electrolytes is also a trivial criterion to be considered in the competition race of the energy storage technologies. In this work, we report an extended characterization of aqueous SCs, screening acidic, neutral and alkaline electrolytes, as well as the addition of KI as a prototypical redox additive, and performing both two- and three-electrode configuration measurements. By using near-neutral electrolytes, our aqueous EDLCs can reach a maximum cell voltage superior to 2 V, enabling energy densities higher than 18 W h kg−1 (comparable or approaching those of lead acid and Ni–Cd batteries) at a power density up to almost 7 kW kg−1 (significantly superior to those of competing battery technologies). The introduction of redox additives can significantly increase the capacity of the SCs. However, compared to EDLCs, both the cell voltage and the energy efficiency of the SCs decrease because of partially irreversible faradaic redox reactions and overpotentials of kinetically limited redox reactions. While debunking the myth that aqueous SCs exhibit low energy density, our study also remarks the importance of adequately assessing aqueous SCs, showing the current challenges of advanced SC architectures alternative to EDLCs.
Transient vibration and product formation of photoexcited CS2 measured by time-resolved x-ray scattering
Authors: Gabalski Ian , Sere Malick , Acheson Kyle , Allum Felix , Boutet Sébastien , Dixit Gopal , Forbes Ruaridh , Glownia James M. , Goff Nathan , Hegazy Kareem , Howard Andrew J. , Liang Mengning , Minitti Michael P. , Minns Russell S. , Natan Adi , Peard Nolan , Rasmus Weronika O. , Sension Roseanne J. , Ware Matthew R. , Weber Peter M. , Werby Nicholas , Wolf Thomas J. A. , Kirrander Adam , Bucksbaum Philip H. 
Published: October 2022

We have observed details of the internal motion and dissociation channels in photoexcited carbon disulfide (CS2) using time-resolved x-ray scattering (TRXS). Photoexcitation of gas-phase CS2 with a 200 nm laser pulse launches oscillatory bending and stretching motion, leading to dissociation of atomic sulfur in under a picosecond. During the first 300 fs following excitation, we observe significant changes in the vibrational frequency as well as some dissociation of the C–S bond, leading to atomic sulfur in the both 1D and 3P states. Beyond 1400 fs, the dissociation is consistent with primarily 3P atomic sulfur dissociation. This channel-resolved measurement of the dissociation time is based on our analysis of the time-windowed dissociation radial velocity distribution, which is measured using the temporal Fourier transform of the TRXS data aided by a Hough transform that extracts the slopes of linear features in an image. The relative strength of the two dissociation channels reflects both their branching ratio and differences in the spread of their dissociation times. Measuring the time-resolved dissociation radial velocity distribution aids the resolution of discrepancies between models for dissociation proposed by prior photoelectron spectroscopy work.
(Polite) directives in mediaeval Catalan
Authors: Nagy C. Katalin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper addresses an issue of diachronic speech act analysis and diachronic politeness research at the same
time. Its primary aim is to examine uses of two grammatical constructions based on subjunctive forms of the verb
plaure (‘please’) in medieval Catalan, relying on a corpus of texts from the thirteenth to sixteenth
centuries. It is argued that the construction “plaure (in subjunctive) + indirect object + que”
(‘may it please somebody that’) in the beginning was used to perform permission-requesting directives, and later, indirect
directives, which goes against Searle’s generalisation about possible ways of performing indirect directives. Occurrences of the
construction “plaure (in subjunctive) + indirect object + infinitive” (‘may it please somebody to do something’),
developed later but used with the same function, are also considered, and all of the relevant occurrences are analysed in the
framework of Brown and Levinson’s (1987 [1978]) politeness theory. As far as the
methodology is concerned, the paper concludes that a highly comparative approach is needed in diachronic speech act analysis –
that is, various forms suitable for performing the same type of speech act in an historical period have to be examined together.
In accordance with this principle, the findings of this study should be integrated in a larger research project focussing – in
addition to constructions with plaure (‘please’) – on uses of constructions involving the verbs meaning ‘think’
and ‘want’ as well, since all of them are assumed to be suitable for performing directives in mediaeval Catalan.
Frequency coupling in low-pressure dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas revisited based on the Boltzmann term analysis
Authors: Vass Máté , Wang Li , Wilczek Sebastian , Lafleur Trevor , Brinkmann Ralf Peter , Donkó Zoltán , Schulze Julian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectron power absorption dynamics is investigated in radio-frequency (RF) argon capacitively coupled plasmas (CCPs) at low pressure (4–70 Pa) excited by a dual-frequency waveform with frequencies of 27.12 MHz and 1.937 MHz. Based on the spatio-temporal dynamics of the ambipolar electric field a novel interpretation of the mechanism of frequency coupling is given, which is not based on the hard wall model, as in previous explanations. Within this framework, frequency coupling arises due to the decreased size of the ambipolar region outside the sheath when the low-frequency sheath is close to its full expansion, which leads to decreased ionization in this region. It is shown, under the circumstances considered here, ohmic power absorption is dominant. The spatio-temporally averaged ambipolar power absorption shows nonmonotonic behaviour as a function of pressure, first increasing, then, after reaching a local maximum, decreasing as the pressure is increased. It is shown, that the reason for this nonmonotonic behaviour is ultimately connected to the frequency coupling mechanism.
Energy-saving trajectory optimization of a fluidic soft robotic arm
Authors: Wang Tao , Yao Shengda , Zhu Shiqiang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Soft robots have attracted increasing attention due to inherent environmental adaptability and reliable human–machine interaction. However, there is relatively few research about their energy efficiency which acts as an important indicator. This paper firstly derives the time-domain model of energy consumption for a fluidic soft robotic arm. With the introduction of forward kinematics, the trajectory of the soft robotic arm is optimized for energy saving under motion constraints and solved using interior point method. A series of experiments are implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed model and the optimized trajectory. The results show that the time-based model can capture the dynamical energy behaviors of the fluidic soft actuators under various motions. It is also found that the energy consumption of the soft robotic arm is effectively reduced when the trajectory optimization is applied. This work can provide further reference to the energy-based optimization of the soft robots.
Silicon-based soft parallel robots 4D printing and multiphysics analysis
Authors: Zolfagharian Ali , Gharaie Saleh , Kouzani Abbas Z , Lakhi Mohammad , Ranjbar Sadegh , Lalegani Dezaki Mohammadreza , Bodaghi Mahdi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Four-dimensional printing has set the stage for a new generation of soft robotics. The applications of rigid planar parallel robotic manipulators are also significant because of their various desirable characteristics, such as lower inertia, higher payload, and high accuracy. However, rigid planar parallel robots are heavy and require different actuators and components. This study introduces a novel technique to produce a light three degrees of freedom soft parallel manipulator at a low cost, which can be stimulated easily. This technique allows researchers to customize the actuator’s design based on the requirement. The robot is made by 3D printing based on fused deposition modelling and a direct ink writing process. The design, development, and additive manufacturing of a soft parallel robot electrothermally driven by a linear silicon-based actuator and polylactic acid parts are presented. Silicon-based soft actuators replace the rigid conventional linear actuators in this study to drive the planar parallel manipulator. The actuation of actuators is conducted using simple heating compared to the conventional rigid actuator. Various heating approaches and configurations are compared and analysed to find the most suitable one for the effective linear stroke of the soft actuator. The finite element model is used to analyse the performance of the electrothermally silicon-ethanol soft actuators in ABAQUS. The kinematics of the planar parallel robotic manipulator are simulated in MATLAB to achieve its workspace. The final soft parallel robot mechanism and the active and passive links are fabricated and tested experimentally.
Comment on ‘Quantum principle of relativity’
Authors: Grudka Andrzej , Wójcik Antoni 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Recently Dragan and Ekert (2020 New. J. Phys. 22 033038) presented arguments that probabilistic dynamics inherent in the realm of quantum physics is related to the propagation of superluminal particles. Moreover they argue that existence of such particles is a natural consequence of the principle of relativity. We show that the proposed extension of the Lorentz transformation can be interpreted in a natural way without invoking superluminal phenomena.
Clogging, diode and collective effects of skyrmions in funnel geometries
Authors: Bellizotti Souza J C , Vizarim N P , Reichhardt C J O , Reichhardt C , Venegas P A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Using a particle-based model, we examine the collective dynamics of skyrmions interacting with a funnel potential under dc driving as the skyrmion density and relative strength of the Magnus and damping terms are varied. For driving in the easy direction, we find that increasing the skyrmion density reduces the average skyrmion velocity due to jamming of skyrmions near the funnel opening, while the Magnus force causes skyrmions to accumulate on one side of the funnel array. For driving in the hard direction, there is a critical skyrmion density below which the skyrmions become trapped. Above this critical value, a clogging effect appears with multiple depinning and repinning states where the skyrmions can rearrange into different clogged configurations, while at higher drives, the velocity-force curves become continuous. When skyrmions pile up near the funnel opening, the effective size of the opening is reduced and the passage of other skyrmions is blocked by the repulsive skyrmion–skyrmion interactions. We observe a strong diode effect in which the critical depinning force is higher and the velocity response is smaller for hard direction driving. As the ratio of Magnus force to dissipative term is varied, the skyrmion velocity varies in a non-linear and non-monotonic way due to the pile up of skyrmions on one side of the funnels. At high Magnus forces, the clogging effect for hard direction driving is diminished.
Mixture of the nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor d + id-wave pairings on the honeycomb lattice
Authors: Li Xian-Dong , Liu Hong-Rui , Yu Zuo-Dong , Gong Chang-De , Yu Shun-Li , Zhou Yuan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Symmetry of superconducting pairing is one of the cardinal issues in superconductivity. In general, the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor pairings cannot spontaneously mix with each other constrained by the distinct symmetry classification, for example the

d

x

2

−

y

2

- and d

xy
-wave pairings in the square lattice. The honeycomb lattice provides a special platform to study the mixture of the nearest-neighbor and the next-nearest-neighbor pairing components due to its unique crystal structure. Here, using the variational quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we report a robust superconducting ground state with the intrinsic mixture of the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor chiral d + id-wave pairings on the honeycomb lattice. We numerically identify that the two pairing channels promote each other. The proportion of the next-nearest-neighbor d + id component can be readily tuned by doping density and the short-range interactions. Our results provide the efficient ways to manipulate the real-space pairings.
Neutrino mass and mass ordering: no conclusive evidence for normal ordering
Authors: Gariazzo Stefano , Gerbino Martina , Brinckmann Thejs , Lattanzi Massimiliano , Mena Olga , Schwetz Thomas , Choudhury Shouvik Roy , Freese Katherine , Hannestad Steen , Ternes Christoph A. , Tórtola Mariam 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The extraction of the neutrino mass ordering is one of the major challenges in particle physics and cosmology, not only for its implications for a fundamental theory of mass generation in nature, but also for its decisive role in the scale of future neutrinoless double beta decay experimental searches.
It has been recently claimed that current oscillation, beta decay and cosmological limits on the different observables describing the neutrino mass parameter space provide robust decisive Bayesian evidence in favor of the normal ordering of the neutrino mass spectrum [1].
We further investigate these strong claims using a rich and wide phenomenology, with different sampling techniques of the neutrino parameter space.
Contrary to the findings of Jimenez et al. [1], no decisive evidence for the normal mass ordering is found.
Neutrino mass ordering analyses must rely on priors and parameterizations that are ordering-agnostic: robust results should be regarded as those in which the preference for the normal neutrino mass ordering is driven exclusively by the data, while we find a difference of up to a factor of 33 in the Bayes factors among the different priors and parameterizations exploited here.
An ordering-agnostic prior would be represented by the case of
parameterizations sampling over the two mass splittings and a mass scale,
or those
sampling over the individual neutrino masses via normal prior distributions only.
In this regard, we show that the current significance in favor of the normal mass ordering should be taken as 2.7σ (i.e. moderate evidence), mostly driven by
neutrino oscillation data.
Let us stress that, while current data favor NO only mildly, we do not exclude the possibility that this may change in the future.
Eventually, upcoming oscillation and cosmological data may (or may not) lead to a more significant exclusion of IO.
A Fast Radio Burst Backend for the Tianlai Dish Pathfinder Array
Authors: Yu Zijie , Deng Furen , Sun Shijie , Niu Chenhui , Li Jixia , Wu Fengquan , Wang Wei-Yang , Wang Yougang , Feng Hui , Shu Lin , Hao Jie , Ansari Reza , Stebbins Albert , Chen Xuelei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Tianlai Dish Pathfinder Array is a radio interferometer array consisting of 16 six-meter dish antennas. The original digital backend integration time is at the seconds level, designed for H i intensity mapping experiment. A new digital backend with millisecond response is added to enable it to search for fast radio burst during its observations. The design and calibration of this backend, and the real time search pipeline for it are described in this paper. It is capable of forming 16 digital beams for each linear polarization, covering an area of 19.6 square degrees. The search pipeline is capable of searching for, recording and classifying FRBs automatically in real time. In commissioning, we succeeded in capturing the signal pulses from the pulsars PSR B0329+54 and B2021+51.
Shape Model and Rotation Acceleration of (1685) Toro and (85989) 1999 JD6 from Optical Observations
Authors: Tian Jun , Zhao Hai-Bin , Li Bin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Yarkovsky-O’Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) effect is a net torque caused by solar radiation directly reflected and thermally re-emitted from the surface of small asteroids and is considered to be crucial in their dynamical evolution. By long-term photometric observations of selected near-Earth asteroids, it is hoped to enlarge asteroid samples with a detected YORP effect to facilitate the development of a theoretical framework. Archived light-curve data are collected and photometric observations are made for (1685) Toro and (85989) 1999 JD6, which enables measurement of their YORP effect by inverting the light curve to fit observations from a convex shape model. For (1685) Toro, a YORP acceleration υ = (3.2 ± 0.3) × 10−9 rad · day−2 (1σ error) is updated, which is consistent with previous YORP detection based on different light-curve data; for (85989) 1999 JD6, it is determined that the sidereal period is 7.667 749 ± 0.000009 hr, the rotation pole direction is located at λ = 232° ± 2°, β = − 59° ± 1°, the acceleration is detected to be υ = (2.4 ± 0.3) × 10−8 rad · day−2 (1σ error) and in addition to obtaining an excellent agreement between the observations and model. YORP should produce both spin-up and spin-down cases. However, including (85989) 1999 JD6, the dω/dt values of 11 near-Earth asteroids are positive totally, which suggests that there is either a bias in the sample of YORP detections or a real feature needs to be explained.