bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Correlation Between [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Uptake and Tumor-proliferating Antigen Ki-67 Expression in Adrenocortical Carcinomas
Authors: Libe Rossella , Pais Aurore , Vialon Florian , Guignat Laurence , Bonnet Fideline , Huillard Olivier , Assié Guillaume , Gaillard Martin , Dousset Bertrand , Gaujoux Sébastien , Barat Maxime , Dohan Anthony , Sibony Mathilde , Bertherat Jérôme , Cottereau Anne Segolene , Tenenbaum Florence , Coste Joël , Groussin Lionel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy, whose diagnosis is suspected by conventional radiology and hormonal investigations. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]-FDG PET) could help predict malignancy, but more consistent data are necessary to support future guidelines.MethodsA cohort of 63 patients with histologically proven ACC (n=55) or metastatic ACC with steroid oversecretion (n=8) was assembled. All patients underwent a [18F]-FDG PET and the maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax) and the adrenal-to-liver SUVmax ratio were calculated. The [18F]-FDG PET parameters were compared with clinical, pathological and outcome data.ResultsA positive correlation between [18F]-FDG PET parameters (SUVmax and adrenal-to-liver SUVmax ratio) and tumor size, ENSAT (European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors) staging, total Weiss score and the proliferation marker Ki67 was found. The strong correlation between SUVmax and Ki67 (r=0.47, p=0.0009) suggests a relationship between FDG uptake levels and tumor proliferation. Associations between outcome parameters (progression free or overall survival) and [18F]-FDG PET parameters were weaker. Fifty-six out of 63 patients (89%) had an adrenal-to-liver SUVmax >1.45, a previously defined cutoff value to predict malignancy. Seven ACC (11%) had a lower uptake, with a Ki67 expression level statistically lower compared to other ACC.ConclusionThis large cohort study shows that most ACC demonstrate high [18F]-FDG uptake. However, the positive correlation observed between SUVmax and Ki67 expression levels seems to explain the possibility of identifying some ACC with a low [18F]-FDG uptake and Ki67 ≤ 10%.
Cone-beam Computed Tomography is Not a Mandatory Procedure in Adrenal Venous Sampling for Primary Hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Cai Ran , Hu Chao , LI Hai-Yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the necessity of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in adrenal venous sampling (AVS).Methods: This retrospective study included 120 consecutive patients with primary hyperaldosteronism who underwent AVS. Based on the learning curve of the interventional radiologists, the patients were divided into the learning (n=36) and proficiency (n=84) groups chronologically. Based on the imaging pattern of the right adrenal vein (RAV), the patients were divided into the typical (n=36) and atypical (n=84) groups. The success rate, radiation dose, and sampling time were compared among the entire study population and each subgroup.Results: A total of 69 patients underwent CBCT, whereas 51 patients did not. The overall success rate was 85.8%, and no difference was noted between patients with and without CBCT (P=0.347). However, radiation dose (P=0.018) and sampling time (P=0.001) were significantly higher in patients who underwent CBCT than in patients who did not. In learning group, CBCT improved success rate from 62.5% to 96.4% (P=0.028), whereas it was not found in the proficiency group (P=0.693). Additionally, success rate in patients with an atypical RAV imaging pattern was significantly higher when CBCT was used than when it was not used (P=0.041), whereas no difference was noted in patients with typical RAV imaging pattern (P=0.511).Conclusion: For physicians not very experienced doing AVS, there is a clear significant improvement in success rate when CBCT is used. However, CBCT only has minimal benefit for experienced operators, meanwhile CBCT may take an extra time and increase the radiation dose during AVS.
“Frequent and Recurrent Emergency Department Visits: A State Level Analysis for Maryland, 2017-2019”
Authors: Kelekar Uma , Abdesslem Amel Ben , Tran Diep Thi Quynh , Shepherd Jewel , Turner Sidney Carl 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Frequent or repeat ED visits make up over 20% of the total ED visits, while frequent users constitute up to 8% of all ED users. While some studies have analyzed ED encounters over a single healthcare system, a single year or a condition, this study examines frequent and recurrent ED utilization for the state of Maryland over three years.
Methods
Using 2017–2019 State Emergency Department Databases (SEDD), we conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses and identified patient/community level characteristics associated with frequent (> 4 visits/year) and recurrent frequent ED users (two and three consecutive years) in Maryland.
Results
Of the total 5,331,843 ED visits, frequent visits were 24.4% (1,301,301) while frequent users made up 7.16% (234,973) of all ED users. Females [OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.24, 1.36] and patients aged 21–44 [OR = 2.41, 95% CI 2.24,2.60] were more likely to visit the ED recurrently than males, children and adolescents respectively. Compared to those with private insurance and no chronic conditions, Medicaid beneficiaries were 2.41 (95% CI 2.24,2.60) and those with multiple chronic conditions was 2.34 [95% CI 2.14,2.54] times more likely to be recurrent frequent ED users respectively. The NH Blacks were 26% [95% CI 1.25,1.28] more likely to be frequent users than NH White patients while those from the lowest income quartile were 69% [95% CI 1.66,1.71] and 33% [95% CI 1.21,1.46] more likely to be frequent and recurrent frequent ED users compared to the highest income quartile. Compared to residents of large metropolitan areas, patients from micropolitan areas were 43% [95% CI 1.38,1.48] while those living further from an ED were 9% [95% CI 1.09, 1.10] were more likely to be frequent ED users.
Conclusions
Frequent and recurrent frequent ED users in the state of Maryland were associated with being female, 21–44 years old, NH Black, Medicaid beneficiaries, with multiple chronic conditions and reside in a lower income zip code. Frequent ED users were also more likely to reside micropolitan areas, and further from an ED facility. We propose recommendations to stakeholders to invest in care coordination and IT infrastructure, and expand community access to outpatient care.
Role of Indigenous and local knowledge in seasonal forecasts and climate risk preparedness: a case study of smallholder farmers in Chiredzi, Zimbabwe
Authors: Johnston Peter , Olagbegi Oladapo M. , Simpson Nicholas P. , Trisos Christopher H. , Zvobgo Luckson 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Accessible, reliable and diverse sources of climate information are needed to inform anticipatory responses to climate change at all levels of society, particularly for vulnerable sectors such as smallholder farming. Globally, many communities use Indigenous knowledge (IK) and local knowledge (LK) to provide contextually calibrated and trusted forecasting information to guide livelihood choices, including on-farm decisions by smallholder farmers. Here, we examined the role of IK and LK in seasonal forecasting, preparedness, and broader climate adaptation decision-making of smallholder farmers in Chiredzi, Zimbabwe. Data was collected from 100 smallholder farmers through face-to-face semi-structured interviews in the month before the rainy season onset when preparatory decisions about planting were being made. Seventy-three percent (73%) of the interviewed farmers are using IK and LK-based climate forecasts, and 32% (of 73%) farmers rely on IK and LK only for climate risk preparedness decision-making. Binary logistic regression found the use of IK and LK climate forecasts by farmers was strongly predicted by farmers’ age and farm size with p = 0.009 and 0.017 respectively at p < 0.05 significance level. Farmers using IK and LK forecasts are implementing, on average triple, the number of adaptation measures compared to farmers not using IK and LK. These findings emphasise the accessibility and reliability of IK and LK for seasonal forecasts and demonstrate the close link between use of IK and LK and the implementation of adaptation actions. Recognition, inclusion and preservation of IK and LK are important to ensure its potential role in informed responses to climate change.
Low Triphenyl phosphate concentrations fuel proliferation and migration of Hep3B, a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line
Authors: Zhou Shuqing , Ye Liang , Zhang Xu , Wang Peng , Zhang Ying , He Shujiao , Li Yang , Li Shao , Liang Kangyan , Liao Shuguang , Gao Yi , Peng Qing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) have been widely used due to their unique properties. The OPFRs are mainly metabolized in the liver. However, whether the OPFRs in human plasma mediate progression of liver cancer remains unclear. Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) is one of the OPFRs that are most detected in environmental matrices. In this study, we performed CCK8, ATP, and EdU analyses to evaluate the effect of TPP (0.025–12.8µM concentration) on proliferation, invasion, and migration of Hep3B, a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Tumor-bearing mouses model were used for in vivo validation. The results showed that relative low concentrations (0.025 to 0.1µM) slightly increased cell proliferation and remarkably promoted cell invasion and migration of Hep3B. Animal experiments confirmed that TPP treatment significantly enhanced tumor growth in the xenograft HCC model. To explore the possible molecular mechanisms that might be mediating the actions of TPP on Hep3B, we profiled gene expression in groups treated with or without TPP (0.05 and 0.1µM) using transcriptional sequencing. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analyses demonstrated that pathways affected by differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly in nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic processes, cytosolic ribosome and ATPase activity. 0.05 and 0.1µM TPP led to up-regulation of a series of genes including EREG, DNPH1, SAMD9, DUSP5, PFN1, CKB, MICAL2, SCUBE3, and CXCL8, but suppressed the expression of MCC. These genes have been shown to be associated with proliferation and movement of cells. Together, our findings suggest that relatively low concentrations of TPP could fuel the proliferation, invasion, and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Thus, TPP might be a risk factor in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in humans.
Molecular Identity Changes of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Microglia after MRgFUS induced BBB Opening in a Mouse Glioblastoma Model
Authors: Zhang Yanrong , Wang Jing , Ghobadi Sara , Zhou Haiyan , Huang Ai , Gerosa Marco , Hou Qingyi , Keunen Olivier , Golebiewska Anna , Habte Frezghi G. , Grant Gerald A. , Paulmurugan Ramasamy , Lee Kevin S. , Wintermark Max 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An orthotopically xenografted mouse GL26 glioma model (Ccr2RFP/wt-Cx3cr1GFP/wt) was used to evaluate the effect of transient, focal opening of the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) on the composition of tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs). Opening of the BBB was induced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) combined with systemically-administered microbubbles. CX3CR1-GFP cells and CCR2-RFP cells in brain tumors and in peritumoral tissue were quantified utilizing cell counting in fluroscent, microscopic images. Tumors in animals treated with a single session of MRgFUS did not show significant changes in CX3CR1-GFP or CCR2-RFP cell numbers when compared to tumors in animals not receiving FUS. However, tumors that received two or three sessions of MRgFUS showed significantly increased amounts of both CX3CR1-GFP and CCR2-RFP cells.The effect of MRgFUS on immune cell compositon of tumors and the brain parenchyma was also characterized and quantified utilizing flow cytometry. Glioma implantation resulted in increased amounts of monocytes, blood-derived macrophages, and microglia-derived macrophages in the brain parenchyma. Tumors administered MRgFUS showed increased numbers of monocytes and blood-derived macrophages. In addition, MRgFUS-treated tumors exhibited more CD80+CD206- cells in monocytes, blood-derived macrophages, microglia, and microglia-derived macrophages, and fewer CD80-CD206+ cells in monocytes and microglia. This signature is indicative of a shift toward a more pro-inflammatory polarization. In summary, transient, focal opening of the BBB using MRgFUS combined with microbubbles can activate the homing and differentiation of monocytes, and induce a shift towards a more proinflammatory status of the immune environment in glioblastoma.
The validation of the EKFC equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate estimation and comparison with the Asian Modified CKD-EPI equation in Chinese Chronic Kidney Disease patients in the external study
Authors: Xie Peng , Zhao Li , Li Huan-li , Liu Hui-jing , Ma Jin , Huang Jian-min , Wei Ling-ge 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective To verify whether a Modified Full Age Spectrum Creatinine-Based Equation (EKFC equation) is more applicable than the Asian Modified CKD-EPI equation in the clinical practice, which was confirmed with higher accuracy in estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in our external Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) populations.Methods According to the EKFC equation and the Asian Modified CKD-EPI formula, we calculated estimated GFREKFC and GFRCKD-EPI, separately. Clinical diagnostic performance of the two equations was assessed and compared by correlation coefficient, regression equation, Bland–Altman analysis, bias, precision, accuracy(P30) and the incorrectly reclassified index under the premise of 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) dual plasma sample clearance method as reference method for GFR measurement (mGFR).Results Totally, 160 CKD patients were recruited in our external cohort. The GFREKFC was highly related with mGFR, with the correlation coefficient of 0.95 [95%CI, 0.93-0.96], (P<0.01) and regression equation of GFREKFC= mGFR*0.87+5.27. Compared with the Asian Modified CKD-EPI equation, the EKFC equation demonstrated a wider bias（-1.64 vs 0.84 ml/min/1.73 m2, P<0.01）, nearly identical precision (12.69 vs 12.72 ml/min/1.73 m2, P=0.42) and P30 (80.0% vs 74.4%, P=0.57). Furthermore, the 95% limit of agreement in Bland-Altman analysis of the two target equations were almost same (42.4 vs 44.4 ml/min/1.73 m2). And, the incorrectly reclassified index among the different CKD stages between the two models was not statistically different.In the mGFR≤60 ml/min/1.73 m2 subgroup analysis, the precision of the EKFC equation was better than the Asian Modified CKD-EPI formula (9.78 vs 10.25 ml/min/1.73 m2, P<0.01), and the bias and P30 were not statistically different. However, in the mGFR>60 ml/min/1.73 m2 subgroup, the EKFC equation did not performed better than the Asian Modified CKD-EPI formula with a wider bias (-8.60 vs -0.42 ml/min/1.73 m2, P<0.01), an inferior precision (16.39 vs 15.86 ml/min/1.73 m2, P<0.01), and a statistically invalid P30 (95.7% vs 94.2%, P=1.00).Conclusion The total performance of the EKFC equation is acceptable. However, compared with the Asian Modified CKD-EPI equation, the EKFC equation is not more accurate to estimate GFR in our external Chronic Kidney Disease populations.
Determination of transverse isotropic elastic constants of nacre and constituent tablets based on genetic-algorithm- assisted resonant ultrasound spectroscopy
Authors: Yamamoto Go , Matsui Kazuma , Yuki Shuma , Suk Ji Won 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Novel classes of tough composites inspired by natural biological materials like nacre, which possesses a multiscale structure with a lamellar microarchitecture, have attracted significant attention for use in structural and energy-related applications. The current theoretical understanding of the toughening and deformation mechanisms of nacre, which could serve as guidelines for composite development, is based on limited material parameters. Here, we report an experimental and numerical study on the transverse isotropic elastic constants of nacre and its constituent inorganic tablets based on genetic-algorithm-assisted resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. The results show that, among the five elastic constants measured, the out-of-plane and in-plane Young’s moduli of nacre sampled from Pinctada martensii were 72.3 and 74.8 GPa, respectively. The remaining out-of-plane and in-plane Poisson’s ratios and out-of-plane shear modulus were 0.23, 0.24, and 21.3 GPa, respectively. Similar trends were observed for the constituent tablets, however, the Young’s moduli were slightly higher at 72.7 and 75.0 GPa, respectively. These results concerning the transverse isotropic elastic properties of nacre and its constituent tablets aid in realizing the bio-duplication of novel nacreous composite materials.
The effect of the magnetic field on the coupling between the sublevels of rubidium-87 D1 line and the circularly polarized light
Authors: Ebrahimi Mohaddese , Tabatabaei Seyeed Mojtaba , Tehranchi Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The degree of Zeeman splitting of ground-state sublevels in the presence of a magnetic field can be measured using atomic sensors. The coherence of the spins in the ensemble affects the efficiency of an atomic magnetometer. The sensitivity of these sensors depends on the line width of the magnetic resonance curve, which is related to the coherence lifetime of the atomic spins. Atomic polarization influences the optical properties of the medium, making it anisotropic. The relatively long lifetime of ground-state polarization is a useful tool for measuring the energy-level splitting. The modification associated with the atomic coherence in the presence of an external magnetic field leads to interesting absorption effects in the atomic environment. The splitting of magnetic sublevels and the transition between them under the application of a magnetic field are quantum mechanical images of the interaction between a field and an atomic spin that must be analyzed using a density matrix. In the present work, magneto-optical effects with circularly polarized light such as the dynamic properties and evolution of sublevels of the rubidium-87 D1 line and the absorption properties of the atomic polarized environment are studied theoretically using the reduced density matrix approach.
Comparing Obstructive Versus Central Apneas in Obesity of Sleep—A Nationwide Population-Based Case Control Study
Authors: Chien Wu-Chien , Huang Shi-Hao , Chung Ren-Jei , Chung Chi-Hsiang , Wang Bing-Long , Sun Chien-An , Lin I-Long , Huang Yao-Ching , Tang Shih-En 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study used a case control Study to compare whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or central sleep apnea (CSA) are related with an increased risk of obesity.Materials and Methods: We used 2005 Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID2005), which is part of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to identified 24 363 obese patients; 97 452 patients without obesity were identified also, from the same database from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2015. Age, sex, and index date were matched. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the previous exposure risk of OSA or CSA with obesity and. A p value of <.05 was considered significant.Results: Obesity patients have higher risk to be exposed to OSA than did those with CSA (OSA adjusted OR [AOR] = 2.927, 95% CI = 1.878-4.194, p < .001; CSA adjusted OR [AOR] = 2.234, 95% CI = 1.483-4.380, p < .001). Furthermore, the closeness of the exposure period to the index time was positively associated with the severity of obesity, with a dose–response effect (OSA exposure <1 year, AOR = 3.895; OSA exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR = 2.933; OSA exposure ≥5 years, AOR = 2.486 ; CSA exposure <1 year, AOR = 2.484; CSA exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR = 2.105; CSA exposure ≥5 years, AOR = 1.862). The exposure duration of OSA in patients with obesity was 2.927 times than that of CSA was 2.234 times. Longer exposure durations were associated with more severe obesity with a dose–response effect (OSA exposure <1 year, AOR = 2.251; OSA exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR = 2.986; OSA exposure ≥5 years, AOR = 3.452; CSA exposure <1 year, AOR = 2.101; CSA exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR = 2.207; CSA exposure ≥5 years, AOR = 2.976).Conclusions: OSA patients have significantly higher risk of Obesity than that of CSA in this study. Longer exposure to OSA or CSA was related with a higher likelihood of obesity, with a dose-response effect.
Genome-Wide Profiling of a Prognostic RNA-Binding Protein Signature in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Zhang Yan , Yang Hang , Guo Yanan , Li Jindong , Li Xiangnan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
the roles of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in esophageal cancer (EC) need elucidation.
Materials and methods
The gene expression profiles and clinical data of patients with EC were downloaded from the Xena database. Candidate genes were obtained by taking the union of RBP genes, KEGG pathway-related genes and differentially expressed RBP genes from cluster analysis. Hub genes were extracted by PPI network construction.
Result
We built a Cox proportional hazards regression model with 7 prognostic RBPs (TRMT2A, PDHA1, MPRIP, KRI1, IL17A, HSPA1A and HIST1H4J). The risk score of each patient in the internal and external dataset cohorts was calculated and then the patients were divided into two groups based on the median. There were significant differences between the RBP risk score and response to chemotherapy, with low-risk patients being more likely to achieve CR. Finally, the risk score was revealed to be significantly related to OS by univariate and multivariate analyses, and pathological stage could also be used independently to predict the prognosis of EC.
Conclusion
Our study indicated that the RBP signature could serve as a prognostic biomarker of EC and provide new insight into chemoresistance in EC patients.
σ2R/TMEM97 in Retinal Ganglion Cell Degeneration
Authors: Wang Hua , Peng Zhiyou , Li Yiwen , Sahn James J. , Hodges Timothy R. , Chou Tsung-Han , Liu Qiong , Zhou Xuezhi , Jiao Shuliang , Porciatti Vittorio , Liebl Daniel J. , Martin Stephen F. , Wen Rong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The sigma 2 receptor (σ2R) was recently identified as an ER (endoplasmic reticulum) membrane protein known as transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97). Studies have shown that compounds that bind to σ2R/TMEM97 are neuroprotective, suggesting that σ2R/TMEM97 is involved in pathways leading to neurodegeneration. We explore the role of σ2R/TMEM97 in neurodegeneration by characterizing ischemia-induced retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration in TMEM97−/− mice and demonstrate that in the absence of σ2R/TMEM97, RGCs are resistant to degeneration. In addition, we show that DKR-1677, a selective σ2R/TMEM97 ligand, significantly protects RGCs from ischemia-induced degeneration in wildtype mice. These results provide conclusive evidence that σ2R/TMEM97 plays a significant role in RGC death to facilitate neurodegeneration following ischemic injury. Blocking the function of σ2R/TMEM97 thus is neuroprotective. This work is a breakthrough toward elucidating the biology and function of σ2R/TMEM97 in RGCs and likely in other σ2R/TMEM97-expressing neurons. Moreover, these findings support future studies to develop new neuroprotective approaches to treat RGC degenerative diseases by inhibiting σ2R/TMEM97.