bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptom Burden and Immune Dynamics 6 to 18 Months Following Mild Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection (SARS-CoV-2): A Case-control Study
Authors: Fjelltveit Elisabeth B , Blomberg Bjørn , Kuwelker Kanika , Zhou Fan , Onyango Therese B , Brokstad Karl A , Elyanow Rebecca , Kaplan Ian M , Tøndel Camilla , Mohn Kristin G I , Özgümüş Türküler , Cox Rebecca J , Langeland Nina ,   Bergen COVID-19 Research Group, Bredholt Geir , Hansen Lena , Lartey Sarah Larteley , Madsen Anders , Olofsson Jan Stefan , Ljostveit Sonja , Sævik Marianne , Søyland Hanne , Sandnes Helene Heitmann , Ertesvåg Nina Urke , Vahokoski Juha , Bansal Amit , Amdam Håkon , Fomina Tatiana , Linchausen Dagrun Waag , Hauge Synnøve , Corydon Annette , Sundøy Silje 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The burden and duration of persistent symptoms after nonsevere coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess postinfection symptom trajectories in home-isolated COVID-19 cases compared with age- and time- matched seronegative controls, and investigate immunological correlates of long COVID.

Methods
A prospective case-control study included home-isolated COVID-19 cases between February 28 and April 4, 2020, and followed for 12 (n = 233) to 18 (n = 149) months, and 189 age-matched severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-naive controls. We collected clinical data at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months postinfection, and blood samples at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months for analysis of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular responses.

Results
Overall, 46% (108/233) had persisting symptoms 12 months after COVID-19. Compared with controls, adult cases had a high risk of fatigue (27% excess risk, sex, and comorbidity adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.27–10.5), memory problems (21% excess risk; aOR 7.42; CI, 3.51–15.67), concentration problems (20% excess risk; aOR 8.88; 95% CI, 3.88–20.35), and dyspnea (10% excess risk; aOR 2.66; 95% CI, 1.22–5.79). The prevalence of memory problems increased overall from 6 to 18 months (excess risk 11.5%; 95% CI, 1.5–21.5; P = .024) and among women (excess risk 18.7%; 95% CI, 4.4–32.9; P = .010). Longitudinal spike immunoglobulin G was significantly associated with dyspnea at 12 months. The spike-specific clonal CD4+ T-cell receptor β depth was significantly associated with both dyspnea and number of symptoms at 12 months.

Conclusions
This study documents a high burden of persisting symptoms after mild COVID-19 and suggests that infection induced SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses may influence long-term symptoms.
Interspecific differences and ecological correlations between scale number and skin structure in freshwater fishes
Authors: Gu Haoran , Wang Haoyu , Zhu Shudang , Yuan Dengyue , Dai Xiangyan , Wang Zhijian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fish skin is mainly composed of the epidermis, dermis, and its derivative scales. There is a wide diversity in scale number in fishes, but the diversity of skin structure lacks systematic histological comparison. This research aimed to improve our understanding of the functional relationship between the scale number and the skin structure in freshwater fishes and to determine which ecological factors affect the scale number and skin structure. First, we presented a method to quantify skin structure in fish and histologically quantified the skin structure of 54 freshwater fishes. Second, we collected the scale number and habitat information of 509 Cyprinidae fishes in China and explored which ecological factors were related to their scale number. Third, common carp and scaleless carp were used as models to study the effects of scale loss on swimming. We found a strong negative correlation between scale thickness and scale number. The main factor affecting the skin structure of fishes was the species’ water column position, and the skin of benthic fishes was the most well-developed (thicker skin layers (dermis, epidermis) or more/larger goblet cells and club cells). The scale number was related to two factors, namely, temperature and water column position, and cold, benthic and pelagic adaptation may have contributed to increased scale numbers. Only in benthic fishes, the more well-developed their skin, the more scales. In common carp, scale loss did not affect its swimming performance. In summary, we suggest that there is a rich diversity of skin structure in freshwater fishes, and the scales of fish with well-developed skin tend to degenerate (greater number/smaller size/thinner, or even disappear), but the skin of fish with degenerated scales is not necessarily well developed.
Differential transport of a guild of mutualistic root aphids by the antLasius flavus
Authors: Parmentier Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMutually beneficial associations are widespread in ecological networks. They are typically assembled as multispecies guilds of symbionts that compete for one or more host species. The ant Lasius flavus engages in an intriguing and obligate mutualistic association with a community of aphids that are cultivated on plant roots in its nests. The ant displays a repertoire of amicable behaviors toward the aphids, including their transport. I examined whether L. flavus preferentially carried some of the root aphids. Using a no-choice and a choice experiment, I comparatively analyzed the transport rate of 5 obligate and one loosely associated species back to the ant nest and used the transport rate of the ant larvae as a reference. All associated root aphids were carried back to the nest, but in a clear preferential hierarchy. Geoica utricularia, Forda Formicaria, and Trama rara were rapidly transported, but slower than the own larvae. Tetraneura ulmi and Geoica setulosa were collected at a moderate rate and the loosely associated Aploneura lentisci was slowly retrieved. In contrast, different species of unassociated aphids were not transported and even provoked aggressive behavior in L. flavus. This study revealed that co-occurring symbionts may induce different degrees of host attraction, which ultimately may affect the coexistence and assembly of ant-symbiont communities.
Acute-phase administration of ivabradine supported by intra-aortic balloon pump induces myocardial recovery without significant haemodynamic worsening in a patient with acute fulminant myocarditis: a case report
Authors: Ando Moriyasu , Watanabe Naoki , Saku Keita , Morishima Itsuro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Ivabradine can reduce the heart rate without affecting myocardial contractility or vascular tone. Current guidelines recommend its use for treating patients with chronic heart failure who have a high heart rate (≥75 b.p.m.) and persistent symptoms despite guideline-directed therapy. Nonetheless, little is known about its efficacy in patients with acute cardiogenic shock. We report a case of successful treatment of cardiogenic shock

Case summary
A 53-year-old previously healthy man was admitted due to cardiogenic shock with acute fulminant myocarditis. The patient was placed on intra-aortic balloon pump support and was given guideline-directed therapy including inotropic agents and furosemide. However, no improvement was seen in haemodynamics and the patient was in sinus tachycardia (116 b.p.m.). On Day 2, ivabradine therapy was initiated to reduce the myocardial workload and stabilize the haemodynamic parameters. As heart rate decreased, his symptoms improved and urine output increased without affecting the blood pressure. Subsequently, the patient recovered from cardiogenic shock. The intra-aortic balloon pumping was discontinued on Day 7, and the patient was discharged on Day 22.

Discussion
Ivabradine has the potential to induce rapid cardiac recovery and haemodynamic improvement in the acute phase of heart failure if supported by intra-aortic balloon pump.
Acute heart failure due to a giant left atrial myxoma: a case report
Authors: Alan Fuentes-Mendoza Juan , Andres Pimentel-Esparza Juan , Antonio Cervantes-Nieto Jorge 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary benign tumour of the heart. Most of them occur between the 4th and 6th decade of life, are most frequent in the woman, and most frequently localized in the left atrium.

Case summary
We present a case of a 41-year-old female who presented with a history of left-sided heart failure. A left atrial mass of 87 × 88 × 65 mm was documented by cardiac magnetic resonance. She was taken to surgical resection of the mass. Histopathologic findings were diagnostic of cardiac myxoma. Generally, myxomas that are bigger than 6 cm are associated with the worst prognosis.

Discussion
Primary cardiac tumours are mostly benign, being in 50% of the cases a cardiac myxoma. The rest of them correspond to papillary fibroelastoma (26%), fibromas (6%), lipomas (4%), and others including calcified tumours, haemangiomas, teratomas, cysts, and rhabdomyomas. Our clinical case illustrates an unusual and rare presentation of cardiac myxoma with a double mitral lesion.
Potential effects of icosapent ethyl on cardiovascular outcomes in cigarette smokers: REDUCE-IT smoking
Authors: Miller Michael , Bhatt Deepak L , Steg Ph Gabriel , Brinton Eliot A , Jacobson Terry A , Jiao Lixia , Tardif Jean-Claude , Ballantyne Christie M , Budoff Matthew , Mason R Preston 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
Cigarette smoking is among the most well-established risk factors for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We sought to determine whether icosapent ethyl (IPE), a highly purified form of eicosapentaenoic acid with antiatherothrombotic properties, may reduce the excessive risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributable to smoking.

Methods and results
Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl Trial (REDUCE-IT) was a multinational, double-blind trial that randomized 8179 statin-treated patients with elevated triglycerides and CV risk to IPE or placebo, with a median follow-up period of 4.9 years. Icosapent ethyl reduced the primary composite endpoint [CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for unstable angina] by 25% (P &lt; 0.0001). In the current analyses, the effect of IPE was evaluated in REDUCE-IT using post hoc analyses based on smoking history. Groups were classified as current smokers (n = 1241), former smokers (n = 3672), and never smokers (n = 3264). Compared with placebo, IPE use in combined current and former smokers (n = 4913) was associated with significant reductions in time to the primary composite endpoint {hazard ratio: 0.77 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68–0.87]; P &lt; 0.0001} and in total events [rate ratio: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.61–0.82); P &lt; 0.0001]. These benefits remained significant when subdivided into current and former smokers (P = 0.04, P = 0.005), with reductions in the key secondary composite endpoint (P &lt; 0.0001) and in the individual components of CV death or non-fatal MI (P = 0.04, P = 0.01) and fatal or non-fatal MI (P = 0.009, P = 0.01), respectively. Benefits were consistent and significant in non-smokers as well. Overall, there were similar estimated rates of first occurrences of primary CVD endpoints in current smokers (23.8%) and former smokers (23.0%) assigned to IPE compared with never smokers on placebo (25.7%).

Conclusion
In REDUCE-IT, IPE treatment was associated with a reduced risk of CV events in current and former smokers to levels observed in never smokers. While smoking cessation should always be recommended, these data raise the possibility that IPE treatment may attenuate CV hazards attributable to smoking.
Genetic and epigenetic dependencies in colorectal cancer development
Authors: Parmar Sehej , Easwaran Hariharan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent studies have mapped key genetic changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) that impact important pathways contributing to the multistep models for CRC initiation and development. In parallel with genetic changes, normal and cancer tissues harbor epigenetic alterations impacting regulation of critical genes that have been shown to play profound roles in the tumor initiation. Cumulatively, these molecular changes are only loosely associated with heterogenous transcriptional programs, reflecting the heterogeneity in the various CRC molecular subtypes and the paths to CRC development. Studies from mapping molecular alterations in early CRC lesions and use of experimental models suggest that the intricate dependencies of various genetic and epigenetic hits shape the early development of CRC via different pathways and its manifestation into various CRC subtypes. We highlight the dependency of epigenetic and genetic changes in driving CRC development and discuss factors affecting epigenetic alterations over time and, by extension, risk for cancer.
Bridging the splicing gap in human genetics with long-read RNA sequencing: finding the protein isoform drivers of disease
Authors: Castaldi Peter J , Abood Abdullah , Farber Charles R , Sheynkman Gloria M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aberrant splicing underlies many human diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. Genome-wide mapping of splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTLs) has shown that genetic regulation of alternative splicing is widespread. However, identification of the corresponding isoform or protein products associated with disease-associated sQTLs is challenging with short-read RNA-seq, which cannot precisely characterize full-length transcript isoforms. Furthermore, contemporary sQTL interpretation often relies on reference transcript annotations, which are incomplete. Solutions to these issues may be found through integration of newly emerging long-read sequencing technologies. Long-read sequencing offers the capability to sequence full-length mRNA transcripts and, in some cases, to link sQTLs to transcript isoforms containing disease-relevant protein alterations. Here, we provide an overview of sQTL mapping approaches, the use of long-read sequencing to characterize sQTL effects on isoforms, the linkage of RNA isoforms to protein-level functions and comment on future directions in the field. Based on recent progress, long-read RNA sequencing promises to be part of the human disease genetics toolkit to discover and treat protein isoforms causing rare and complex diseases.
Research on balance control strategy of lithium-ion battery energy storage system
Authors: Xu Shujuan , Sun Zhenbao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in grid energy storage, electric vehicles and other occasions because of their excellent performance. Passive equalization is widely used because of its high performance, but traditional passive equalization control strategies do not perform well. This paper proposes a new control strategy, which divides the battery pack into three state of charge (SOC) ranges according to the different SOC of the battery pack and different performance requirements. When the SOC of the battery pack is high, the maximum rechargeable capacity needs to be considered and the battery balancing should be realized in advance; and when the SOC of the battery is low, the maximum discharge capacity needs to be considered, the battery balancing should be delayed and, in other areas, it is the same as the traditional balancing control strategy. Moreover, the balance control strategy proposed in this paper keeps the high-performance battery at a lower voltage and the low-performance battery at a higher voltage; the low-performance battery works with more favorable conditions, so that the battery pack is in a more balanced state. The experimental results show that the battery pack consisting of four cells in series can be almost fully charged and the battery pack voltage is ~16.788 V; during the discharge process, the equalization system hardly operates to ensure its maximum discharge capacity. The strategy proposed in this paper is simple and easy to implement and has better performance.
Potted plants and ventilation effectively remove pollutants from tobacco smoke
Authors: Liu Chao , Zhang Nan , Sun Limei , Gao Weijun , Zang Qiuyun , Wang Xuening 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The air pollutants in tobacco smoke cause serious harm to human health. To study the influence of plants and ventilation on the concentrations of air pollutants in tobacco smoke, three different experimental chambers were established to simulate different smoking environments: ventilated Form-1 with plants, closed Form-2 with plants and closed Form-3 without plants. The concentrations of four pollutants produced by a lit cigarette were measured. The results showed that the concentrations of pollutants in the chambers with plants were the lowest. The concentration of CO2 in Form-1 decreased the most quickly. The times required for the concentrations of formaldehyde and particulate matter to decrease to standard values was 2.3 and 8.3 hours shorter in Form-1 than Form-2, respectively. However, the concentration of total volatile organic compounds in the three chambers was consistently above the standard value at 12 hours. The removal efficiency was stable after 6 hours in Form-1, and it may take longer than 12 hours to remove pollutants in Form-2. The removal efficiency of pollutants in Form-1 was consistently higher than that in Form-2 and Form-3, indicating that the removal was more effective when the chambers were ventilated. Among CO2, HCHO, TVOCs and PM, the removal efficiency of PM was the highest. It is recommended to increase the leaf area and guide the airflow to bring the pollutants into contact with the plants to improve the removal effect.
On a tumor growth model with brain lactate kinetics
Authors: Cherfils Laurence , Gatti Stefania , Guillevin Carole , Miranville Alain , Guillevin Rémy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Our aim in this paper is to study a mathematical model for high grade gliomas, taking into account lactates kinetics, as well as chemotherapy and antiangiogenic treatment. In particular, we prove the existence and uniqueness of biologically relevant solutions. We also perform numerical simulations based on different therapeutical situations that can be found in the literature. These simulations are consistent with what is expected in these situations.
Transcriptome analysis reveals candidate genes of the synthesis of branched-chain fatty acids related to mutton flavor in the lamb liver using Allium mongolicum Regel extract
Authors: Zhao Yabo , Zhang Yanmei , Khas Erdene , Bai Chen , Cao Qina , Ao Changjin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify candidate genes via which Allium mongolicum Regel ethanol extract (AME) affects the synthesis of branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) related to mutton flavor by transcriptome analysis in the lamb liver. Thirty male Small-tailed Han sheep (3 mo old; 33.6 ± 1.2 kg) were randomly divided into two groups and fed for 75 d with a basal diet containing no AME (CON, control group) or 2.8 g·lamb−1·d−1 AME (AME group). Twelve sheep, CON (n = 6) and AME (n = 6), were selected for slaughter at the end of the trial period, and liver samples were subsequently collected. There was no difference in 4-ethyloctanoic acid content among treatments. The 4-methyloctanoic acid and 4-methylnonanoic acid levels were significantly lower in the AME group than in the CON group (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, 461 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the CON and AME groups, of which 182 were upregulated and 279 were downregulated in the AME group. The DEGs were enriched in three pathways, namely, glutathione metabolism, ECM–receptor interaction, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, as determined by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. Finally, CYP2B6, ACOT12, THEM4, ACSF2, LPIN1, and ADCY4 were identified as candidate genes that might be involved in regulating the BCFAs synthesis in the sheep liver.
Identification of unannotated coding sequences and their physiological functions
Authors: Ichihara Kazuya , Nakayama Keiichi I , Matsumoto Akinobu 
Published: August 2022

Summary
Most protein-coding sequences (CDSs) are predicted sequences based on criteria such as a size sufficient to encode a product of at least 100 amino acids and with translation starting at an AUG initiation codon. However, recent studies based on ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry have shown that several RNAs annotated as long as noncoding RNAs are actually translated to generate polypeptides of fewer than 100 amino acids and that many proteins are translated from near-cognate initiation codons such as CUG and GUG. Furthermore, studies of genetically engineered mouse models have revealed that such polypeptides and proteins contribute to diverse physiological processes. In this review, we describe the latest methods for the identification of unannotated CDSs and provide examples of their physiological functions.
ʿAbd al-Mājid Daryābādī and reforming institutional Sufism in Colonial India
Authors: Mian Ali Altaf 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article examines the reformation of the Sufi tradition in the writings of the Urdu journalist and Qurʾān translator and exegete ʿAbd al-Mājid Daryābādī (1892–1977), especially as articulated in relation to his spiritual connection with the colonial-era Sufi master and Ḥanafī jurist Mawlānā Ashraf ʿAlī Thānavī (1863–1943). Daryābādī’s balanced, pragmatic approach to the meaning and practice of the master–disciple relationship reflected, on the one hand, the South Asian reception of Enlightenment rationalism and epistemic democratization, and, on the other, certain discursive and practical developments internal to Thānavī’s sub-branch of the Chishtī Sufi order. This article contributes to scholarship on religious authority in modern South Asian Islam by underscoring the interplay between affect and reason, arguing that it is not mere feeling that structures Sufi communities but something like rationalized affect, a strategic use of feelings and emotions to construct, transmit, and contest religious authority. Thānavī and Daryābādī re-articulate the master–disciple relationship to affirm both personal freedom and communitarian belonging; in so doing they posit traditionalist Islam as an effective alternative to colonial (and now postcolonial) governmentality.
Prediction of the future leg length after rotationplasty in a 3-year-old boy with extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma and long follow-up until skeletal maturity: a case report
Authors: Yao Hana , Hoshi Manabu , Okamoto Takashi , Takami Masatsugu , Ieguchi Makoto , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRotationplasty is a useful option for limb salvage surgery in pediatric patients with malignant bone and soft tissue tumors. However, bone growth after rotationplasty remains poorly characterized. We present a case of a 3-year-old boy with extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma who underwent multidrug chemotherapy (vincristine, doxorubicin, ifosfamide and etoposide), wide resection and functional reconstruction with rotationplasty. No radiotherapy was administered during the treatment course and the patient has been followed up for 16 years after rotationplasty. Leg length at skeletal maturity was predicted using postoperative radiograph measurements of the affected leg at the age of 4 years. Two conventional prediction methods, the multiplier and straight-line graph methods were used for prediction. The predicted leg length was compared with the actual leg length to assess bone growth after rotationplasty. Immediately after surgery, the lengths of the affected lower leg, femur and tibia were 32.5, 15.0 and 17.6 cm, respectively, and the predicted leg length of the affected leg at skeletal maturity using the multiplier and straight-line graph methods was 44.6 and 44.2 cm, respectively. However, the actual length of the affected leg at skeletal maturity was 49.8 cm, and the gap between actual and predicted lengths was more than 5 cm. In conclusion, the affected leg after rotationplasty showed more than expected bone overgrowth compared with the predictions of the conventional methods.