bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological analysis of varicella in Dalian from 2009 to 2019 and application of three kinds of model in prediction prevalence of varicella
Authors: Cheng Tingting , Bai Yu , Sun Xianzhi , Ji Yuchen , Zhang Fan , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study described the epidemic characteristics of varicella in Dalian from 2009 to 2019, explored the fitting effect of Grey model first-order one variable( GM(1,1)), Markov model, and GM(1,1)-Markov model on varicella data, and found the best fitting method for this type of data, to better predict the incidence trend.

Methods
For this Cross-sectional study, this article was completed in 2020, and the data collection is up to 2019. Due to the global epidemic, the infectious disease data of Dalian in 2020 itself does not conform to the normal changes of varicella and is not included. The epidemiological characteristics of varicella from 2009 to 2019 were analyzed by epidemiological descriptive methods. Using the varicella prevalence data from 2009 to 2018, predicted 2019 and compared with actual value. First made GM (1,1) prediction and Markov prediction. Then according to the relative error of the GM (1,1), made GM (1,1)-Markov prediction.

Results
This study collected 37,223 cases from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention's “Disease Prevention and Control Information System” and the cumulative population was 73,618,235 from 2009 to 2019. The average annual prevalence was 50.56/100000. Varicella occurred all year round, it had a bimodal distribution. The number of cases had two peaks from April to June and November to January of the following year. The ratio of males to females was 1.17:1. The 4 to 25 accounted for 60.36% of the total population. The age of varicella appeared to shift backward. Students, kindergarten children, scattered children accounted for about 64% of all cases. The GM(1,1) model prediction result of 2019 would be 53.64, the relative error would be 14.42%, the Markov prediction result would be 56.21, the relative error would be 10.33%, and the Gray(1,1)-Markov prediction result would be 59.51. The relative error would be 5.06%.

Conclusions
Varicella data had its unique development characteristics. The accuracy of GM (1,1)—Markov model is higher than GM(1.1) model and Markov model. The model can be used for prediction and decision guidance.
Minimum acceptable diet intake and its associated factors among children age at 6–23 months in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of the sub-Saharan Africa demographic and health survey
Authors: Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Taddese Asefa Adimasu , Gelaye Kasahun Alemu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundOnly one in five children aged below 24 months in the low-income countries feed the minimum recommended diet, and significantly varied across socio-economic classes. Though sub-saharan Africa (SSA) shares the huge burden of children under nutrition, as to our search of literature there is limited evidence on the pooled magnitude and factors associated with minimum acceptable diet (MAD) intake among children aged 6 to 23 months in the region. This study aimed to assess the pooled magnitude and associated factors of MAD intake among children aged 6–23 months in SSA using recent 2010–2020 DHS data.MethodsDemographic and Health Survey datasets of SSA countries were used for this study with a total of 78,542 weighted samples. The data were cleaned using MS excel and extracted and analyzed using STATA V.16 software. A multilevel binary logistic regression model was fitted. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) withP-value < 0.05 was taken to declare statistical significance.ResultsThe pooled magnitude of MAD intake among children aged 6–23 months in SSA was 9.89% [95%CI: 8.57, 11.21%] ranging from 3.10% in Guinea to 20.40% in Kenya. Individual level factors such as; secondary &above women educational status [AOR = 1.41; 95%CI; 1.29, 1.53], having employed women [AOR = 1.25;95%CI;1.17,1.33], having media exposure [AOR = 1.55;95%CI;1.45,1.66], richest household wealth [AOR = 1.93; 95%CI; 1.73, 2.15], plural birth [AOR = 0.68;95%CI; 0.56, 0.82] and breastfed child [AOR = 2.04; 95%CI; 1.89, 2.21], whereas, community level factor such as rural residence [AOR = 0.74; 95%CI; 0.69, 0.79] and living in upper middle income country [AOR = 1.62; [95%CI; 1.41,1.87] were significantly associated with MAD intake.Conclusion and recommendationsMinimum acceptable diet intake in SSA is relatively low. Variables such as; secondary &above maternal education, having employed mother, exposure to media, richest wealth, breast feeding child, and upper middle income country have a significant positive association, whereas having plural birth and living in rural residence have a significant negative association with MAD intake. These findings highlight that policymakers and other stakeholders had better give prior attention to empowering women, enhance household wealth status and media exposure to increase the MAD intake in the region.
Decomposing intersectional inequalities in subjective physical and mental health by sex, gendered practices and immigration status in a representative panel study from Germany
Authors: Wandschneider Lisa , Miani Céline , Razum Oliver 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The mapping of immigration-related health inequalities remains challenging, since immigrant populations constitute a heterogenous socially constructed group whose health experiences differ by social determinants of health. In spite of the increasing awareness that population mobility and its effects on health are highly gendered, an explicit gender perspective in epidemiology is often lacking or limited.

Methods
To map inequalities in self-reported physical and mental health in Germany at the intersections of sex, gendered practices and immigration status, we used data from the German Socioeconomic Panel (SOEP) and applied an intercategorical intersectional approach conducting multilevel linear regression models. We differentiated between sex (male/female) as reported in the survey and gendered social practices, quantified through a gender score (on a femininity-masculinity continuum).

Results
We included 20,897 participants in our analyses. We saw an intersectional gradient for physical and mental health. Compared to the reference group, i.e. non-immigrant males with masculine gendered practices, physical and mental health steadily decreased in the intersectional groups that did not embody one or more of these social positions. The highest decreases in health were observed in the intersectional group of immigrant females with feminine gendered practices for physical health (-1,36; 95% CI [-2,09; -0,64]) and among non-immigrant females with feminine practices for mental health (-2,51; 95% CI [-3,01; -2,01]).

Conclusions
Patterns of physical and mental health vary along the intersectional axes of sex, gendered practices and immigration status. These findings highlight the relevance of intersections in describing population health statuses and emphasise the need to take them into account when designing public health policies aiming at effectively reducing health inequalities.
Physical activity and screen time in outside school hours care services across Australia: current versus best practice
Authors: Virgara Rosa , Phillips Anna , Lewis Lucy K. , Richardson Mandy , Maher Carol A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Outside school hours care (OSHC) is accessed by millions of children internationally. Recently, physical activity and screen time guidelines in OSHC were developed. This study described the current physical activity and screen time scheduling in Australian OSHC, obtained sector feedback on the guidelines and compared current- with best-practice.

Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was administered to n = 3551 Australian OSHC directors. Participants reported scheduling for physical activity and screen time opportunities in before- and after-school care. Feedback was sought on the new guidelines, including barriers and enablers for implementation. Scheduling data were used to evaluate whether services were currently meeting the new guidelines; that is if time allocated matched with time recommended.

Results
Five hundred and sixty-six directors participated (response rate 16%). Physical activity and screen time practices varied widely (e.g., after-school physical activity opportunity ranged from 15 to 150 min, mean 74, SD 28; after-school screen time opportunity ranged from 15 to 195 min, mean 89, SD 43), with state (p = 0.002) and socioeconomic (based on postcode; p < 0.001) differences. Most participants (54–81%) agreed that the guideline’s recommended physical activity and screen time durations were appropriate, however, only 40% of participants’ OSHC services’ programs actually met the guidelines.

Conclusions
Physical activity and screen time scheduling in OSHC is highly variable. Despite support for the guidelines, current scheduling practice in the majority of OSHC services surveyed do not meet best practice guidelines.
DNA methylation molecular subtypes for prognosis prediction in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Duoduo , Li Cheng , Zhang Youjing , Zhang Jizhou 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aims
Lung cancer is one of the main results in tumor-related mortality. Methylation differences reflect critical biological features of the etiology of LUAD and affect prognosis.

Methods
In the present study, we constructed a prediction prognostic model integrating various DNA methylation used high-throughput omics data for improved prognostic evaluation.

Results
Overall 21,120 methylation sites were identified in the training dataset. Overall, 237 promoter genes were identified by genomic annotation of 205 CpG loci. We used Akakike Information Criteria (AIC) to obtain the validity of data fitting, but to prevent overfitting. After AIC clustering, specific methylation sites of cg19224164 and cg22085335 were left. Prognostic analysis showed a significant difference among the two groups (P = 0.017). In particular, the hypermethylated group had a poor prognosis, suggesting that these methylation sites may be a marker of prognosis.

Conclusion
The model might help in the identification of unknown biomarkers in predicting patient prognosis in LUAD.
Clustering of lung diseases in the family of interstitial lung disease patients
Authors: Terwiel Michelle , Grutters Jan C. , van Moorsel Coline H. M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The presence of familial interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been found to predict development of progressive pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role of non-ILD lung diseases in ILD patients’ families has not yet been investigated. We aimed to identify associations between ILDs and non-ILD lung diseases from ILD patients’ self-reported family health history.

Methods
We analysed questionnaires on family health history of 1164 ILD patients for the occurrence of ILD and non-ILD lung disease in relatives. Logistic regression analysis was used to study associations with diagnosis groups.

Results
Familial pulmonary fibrosis was reported by 20% of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; OR 9.2, 95% CI 4.7–17.9), and 15% of patients with unclassifiable pulmonary fibrosis (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.0–8.2). Familial occurrence was reported by 14% of patients with sarcoidosis (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.9–5.8). Regarding non-ILD lung disease, significantly more patients with IPF (36%) reported lung cancer in their family (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.4–3.5), and patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (18%) mostly reported COPD (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–4.2). Comparison of sporadic and familial ILD patients’ reports showed that emphysema (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.8–11.6), and lung cancer (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–4.9) were predictive for familial pulmonary fibrosis, particularly when reported both in a family (OR 16.7, 95% CI 3.2–86.6; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our findings provide evidence for clustering of ILD and non-ILD lung diseases in families and show that self-reported emphysema and lung cancer of relatives in this population predicts familial pulmonary fibrosis.
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy versus surgical resection in the treatment of large hepatic hemangiomas: a retrospective study
Authors: Lin Zepeng , Zhu Xiaofeng , Zhou Jian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
It is no consensus on the best management for patients with large hepatic hemangiomas. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous sclerotherapy compared to surgical resection for large hepatic hemangiomas.

Methods
A total of 89 patients with large hepatic hemangiomas from single center underwent either percutaneous sclerotherapy (n = 14) or surgical resection (n = 75) as first-line treatment was retrospectively studied, followed up for 9–24 months using ultrasound. Terms of intraoperative and postoperative information, postoperative complications, and treatment effectiveness were compared between the two groups.

Results
Percutaneous sclerotherapy had shorter operative time (p < 0.001), less blood loss, lower rate of prophylactic abdominal drainage (97.3% vs. 0%, p < 0.001), fewer minor complications (48.0% vs. 7.1%, p < 0.01), shorter hospital stay (p < 0.001), lower hospital cost (p < 0.001), higher Alb level (p < 0.001) and lower postoperative clinical index including ALT, AST and WBC (p < 0.001 for both) than did surgical resection. The major complications were demonstrated no significant difference between the two groups. In addition, the mean maximum cross-sectional areas of hemangioma dropped from 5044.1 ± 2058.0 mm2 to 1924.6 ± 1989.5 mm2 (65.2% reduction) during 9–24 months follow-up (p < 0.001) in the percutaneous sclerotherapy group, while all patients in the surgical resection group achieved complete response.

Conclusion
Percutaneous sclerotherapy is the preferred method for the treatment of large hepatic hemangioma over surgical resection when compared with the items of postoperative recovery, blood loss, complications, hospital stays, and lower hospital costs. The reduction of the maximum cross-sectional area of hepatic hemangioma in the percutaneous sclerotherapy group is satisfactory.
Preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index is an independent prognostic factor for postoperative survival after gallbladder cancer radical surgery
Authors: Dai Huifang , Xu Jing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, the surgical outcomes of gallbladder cancer (GBC) are not always satisfactory. The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) can effectively assess nutritional status. This study intends to investigate whether the preoperative GNRI can predict the prognosis of GBC.

Methods
202 consecutive GBC patients who underwent treatment from 2010 to 2017 were selected and analyzed retrospectively. By using the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), the preoperative GNRI of GBC patients was evaluated.

Results
Among the 202 patients, the GNRI of the 86 patients (42.6%) was less than 98. The patients with low preoperative GNRI had the median OS of 26 months, which was less than the median OS of 39 months among those patients who had higher preoperative GNRI (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that low GNRI was related to short survival time (HR 3.656, 95% CI 2.308–5.790, P < 0.001). In addition, the results of multivariate analysis revealed that, the patients with low GNRI showed a lower OS (HR 2.207, 95% CI 1.131–4.308, P = 0.020) and RFS (HR 2.964, 95% CI 1.577–5.571, P = 0.001) than those patients with higher GNRI.

Conclusion
GNRI is an independent indicator of poor prognosis in GBC patients after GBC radical surgery.
Knowledge and compliance towards alendronate therapy among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in Palestine
Authors: Radwan Asma , Shraim Naser , Elaraj Josephean , Hamad Anwar , Fatayer Dana , Jarar Bayan , Johar Ayoub , Zriqah Areen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Postmenopausal women compliance to alendronate therapy is suboptimal due to the complex dosing requirements. The poor compliance may increase their potential of fractures and the prevalence of side effects. In this study, the compliance of osteoporotic women on bisphosphonate therapy to the complex dosing instructions and their knowledge of alendronate-interactions were assessed.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study, using self-administered questionnaire involving 224 osteoporotic women on alendronate therapy, who visited the orthopedic clinics and community pharmacies in the West Bank. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire consisting of 4 sections and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Moreover, associations between patient's socio-demographic characteristics and the extent of compliance and knowledge of alendronate interactions are established in this study.

Results
A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed and 224 were completed. The median compliance score to alendronate dosing instructions was 5 out of a possible maximum 7, and the median knowledge score about alendronate interactions was 7 out of a possible maximum 14. Factors found to affect either or both the knowledge and compliance to alendronate dosing instructions were, residency, and the source of instructions.

Conclusion
This study identified the importance of compliance and knowledge gaps among postmenopausal women treated with alendronate. Therefore, appropriate knowledge about the importance of proper compliance to dosing instructions and avoidance of interactions is of a great benefit for maximizing clinical effectiveness, lowering fracture risk and prevention of adverse effects of alendronate among patients treated with alendronate in Palestine.
Inhibitory effects of Syzygium jambos extract on biomarkers of endothelial cell activation
Authors: Inostroza-Nieves Yaritza , Valentin-Berrios Shirley , Vega Christopher , Prado Gregory N. , Luciano-Montalvo Claribel , Romero José R. , Rivera Alicia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDisordered endothelial cell activation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, cancer, sepsis, viral infections, and inflammatory responses. There is interest in developing novel therapeutics to regulate endothelial cell function in atherothrombotic, metabolic, vascular, and hematological diseases. Extracts from leaves of theSyzygium jambos(L.) Alston (S. jambos) trees have been proposed to treat cardiovascular diseases and diabetes through unclear mechanisms. We investigated the effects of theS. jambosextract on biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and immune responses in the human endothelial cell line, EA.hy926.MethodsLeaves ofS. jamboswere collected, concocted and lyophilized. To study the effects ofS. jamboson endothelial cell activation, we used the human endothelial cell line. IL-6 levels were measured using qPCR and ELISA. PDI activity was measured using Insulin Turbidity and Di-E-GSSG assays. CM-H2DCFDA was used to study ROS levels. Migration assay was used to studyS. jamboseffect on ex vivo human polymorphonuclear and human mononuclear cells.ResultsOur results show that incubation of EA.hy926 cells with ET-1 led to a 6.5 ± 1.6 fold increase in IL-6 expression by qPCR, an event that was blocked byS. jambos. Also, we observed that ET-1 increased extracellular protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) activity that was likewise dose-dependently blocked byS. jambos(IC50 = 14 μg/mL). Consistent with these observations, ET-1 stimulatedex vivohuman polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell migration that also was dose-dependently blocked byS. jambos. In addition, ET-1 stimulation led to significant increases in ROS production that were sensitive toS. jambos.ConclusionOur results suggest that theS. jambosextract represents a novel cardiovascular protective pharmacological approach to regulate endothelial cell activation, IL-6 expression, and immune-cell responses.
The compensatory reserve index predicts recurrent shock in patients with severe dengue
Authors: Trieu Huynh Trung , Khanh Lam Phung , Ming Damien Keng Yen , Quang Chanh Ho , Phan Tu Qui , Van Vinh Chau Nguyen , Deniz Ertan , Mulligan Jane , Wills Bridget Ann , Moulton Steven , Yacoub Sophie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) is one of the major clinical phenotypes of severe dengue. It is defined by significant plasma leak, leading to intravascular volume depletion and eventually cardiovascular collapse. The compensatory reserve Index (CRI) is a new physiological parameter, derived from feature analysis of the pulse arterial waveform that tracks real-time changes in central volume. We investigated the utility of CRI to predict recurrent shock in severe dengue patients admitted to the ICU.

Methods
We performed a prospective observational study in the pediatric and adult intensive care units at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Patients were monitored with hourly clinical parameters and vital signs, in addition to continuous recording of the arterial waveform using pulse oximetry. The waveform data was wirelessly transmitted to a laptop where it was synchronized with the patient’s clinical data.

Results
One hundred three patients with suspected severe dengue were recruited to this study. Sixty-three patients had the minimum required dataset for analysis. Median age was 11 years (IQR 8–14 years). CRI had a negative correlation with heart rate and moderate negative association with blood pressure. CRI was found to predict recurrent shock within 12 h of being measured (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.54–3.26), P < 0.001). The median duration from CRI measurement to the first recurrent shock was 5.4 h (IQR 2.9–6.8). A CRI cutoff of 0.4 provided the best combination of sensitivity and specificity for predicting recurrent shock (0.66 [95% CI 0.47–0.85] and 0.86 [95% CI 0.80–0.92] respectively).

Conclusion
CRI is a useful non-invasive method for monitoring intravascular volume status in patients with severe dengue.
Development and characterization of a glycine biosensor system for fine-tuned metabolic regulation in Escherichia coli
Authors: Hong Kun-Qiang , Zhang Jing , Jin Biao , Chen Tao , Wang Zhi-Wen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
In vivo biosensors have a wide range of applications, ranging from the detection of metabolites to the regulation of metabolic networks, providing versatile tools for synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. However, in view of the vast array of metabolite molecules, the existing number and performance of biosensors is far from sufficient, limiting their potential applications in metabolic engineering. Therefore, we developed the synthetic glycine-ON and -OFF riboswitches for metabolic regulation and directed evolution of enzyme in Escherichia coli.

Results
The results showed that a synthetic glycine-OFF riboswitch (glyOFF6) and an increased-detection-range synthetic glycine-ON riboswitch (glyON14) were successfully screened from a library based on the Bacillus subtilis glycine riboswitch using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and tetA-based dual genetic selection. The two synthetic glycine riboswitches were successfully used in tunable regulation of lactate synthesis, dynamic regulation of serine synthesis and directed evolution of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase in Escherichia coli, respectively. Mutants AGXT22 and AGXT26 of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase with an increase of 58% and 73% enzyme activity were obtained by using a high-throughput screening platform based on the synthetic glycine-OFF riboswitch, and successfully used to increase the 5-aminolevulinic acid yield of engineered Escherichia coli.

Conclusions
A synthetic glycine-OFF riboswitch and an increased-detection-range synthetic glycine-ON riboswitch were successfully designed and screened. The developed riboswitches showed broad application in tunable regulation, dynamic regulation and directed evolution of enzyme in E. coli.