bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lock-release gravity currents propagating over roughness elements
Authors: Maggi Maria Rita , Adduce Claudia , Negretti Maria Eletta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe influence of bottom roughness on the development of lock-release gravity currents is investigated through laboratory experiments using Particle Image Velocimetry. The bottom roughness is represented by arrays of vertical LEGO bricks with a constant spacing while varying $$\lambda $$
λ
, the relative height of the roughness elements to the gravity current depth. Depending on $$\lambda $$
λ
, the roughness elements may affect the gravity current propagation: for small $$\lambda $$
λ
the current behaves like moving over a smooth bottom, while for larger $$\lambda $$
λ
the propagation speed is reduced and the internal structure of the current, including both the head and the tail, is significantly modified. As $$\lambda $$
λ
increases, stronger recirculation areas between the roughness elements develop interacting with the overlying layer and giving rise to small-scale vortical structures of opposite sign within the whole depth of the current. The additional drag force induced by the bottom roughness adds significant complexity to the flow dynamics and modifies the characteristics of the current.
A Poisson algebra on the Hida Test functions and a quantization using the Cuntz algebra
Authors: Bock Wolfgang , Futorny Vyacheslav , Neklyudov Mikhail 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this note, we define one more way of quantization of classical systems. The quantization we consider is an analogue of classical Jordan–Schwinger map which has been known and used for a long time by physicists. The difference, compared to Jordan–Schwinger map, is that we use generators of Cuntz algebra $$\mathcal {O}_{\infty }$$

O
∞

(i.e. countable family of mutually orthogonal partial isometries of separable Hilbert space) as a “building blocks” instead of creation–annihilation operators. The resulting scheme satisfies properties similar to Van Hove prequantization, i.e. exact conservation of Lie brackets and linearity.
Networks of action situations: a systematic review of empirical research
Authors: Kimmich Christian , Baldwin Elizabeth , Kellner Elke , Oberlack Christoph , Villamayor-Tomas Sergio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract“Action situations”—events, venues, or physically interdependent instances of decision-making—have become a central unit of analysis in the social–environmental sciences, particularly among scholars interested in bridging the social with the biophysical or ecological side of interdependent decisions. A growing body of empirical studies in social–ecological systems research has recently used case and comparative studies to analyse multiple interdependent action situations, structured into networks. In this article, we take stock of this body of empirical research, synthesize the diverse approaches that scholars have taken to assess “networks of action situations”, and identify fruitful paths forward. We conduct a systematic review of the empirical literature in the field, reviewing and summarizing the key characteristics of the empirical studies, including network features, topologies, methods, and data sources used in each case. We summarize and discuss the conceptualizations, methods, diagnostic procedures, and conclusions used in this body of work in a narrative framework synthesis. The review indicates that an increasingly coherent approach is taking shape, but a systematic, protocol-driven, or formalized approach is only partly emerging. We derive future research needs that could help accumulate knowledge from empirical research.
Knowledge Mining: A Cross-disciplinary Survey
Authors: Rui Yong , Carmona Vicente Ivan Sanchez , Pourvali Mohsen , Xing Yun , Yi Wei-Wen , Ruan Hui-Bin , Zhang Yu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractKnowledge mining is a widely active research area across disciplines such as natural language processing (NLP), data mining (DM), and machine learning (ML). The overall objective of extracting knowledge from data source is to create a structured representation that allows researchers to better understand such data and operate upon it to build applications. Each mentioned discipline has come up with an ample body of research, proposing different methods that can be applied to different data types. A significant number of surveys have been carried out to summarize research works in each discipline. However, no survey has presented a cross-disciplinary review where traits from different fields were exposed to further stimulate research ideas and to try to build bridges among these fields. In this work, we present such a survey.
Suspension and Solution Precursor Plasma and HVOF Spray: A Review
Authors: Mittal Garima , Paul Shiladitya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThermal spray, being a cost- and time-efficient process, is used extensively in industrial and engineering sections for mass production of desired coating structures, allowing to deposit a wide range of materials on various substrates. Conventionally, powder feedstocks are used in plasma and high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray that has limitations such as limited feedstock particle size (10-100 µm), clogging and limited options for coating materials. Liquid feedstocks, in the form of suspensions or precursor solutions could potentially resolve these issues by allowing nano- and submicron particles to be deposited, where unlike dry feedstock, the liquid medium helps in reducing the friction and avoiding the clogging. Also, liquid feedstocks, especially precursor solutions, provide the opportunity to deposit a wide range of coating materials with better control over coating microstructure, material composition and stoichiometry by varying the properties of the feedstock. Despite benefits, liquid feedstock has its own complexities, such as complex feedstock preparation, thermo-physical reactions during interaction with the energy source and gases. Therefore, it becomes essential to understand how different suspension and solution precursor feedstock properties affect the coating microstructures and properties. This review paper covers a detailed discussion on the role of different process parameters such as feedstock properties, injection methods, different torches and surface properties, affecting the coating quality and performance and related recent developments and challenges are discussed. This would be beneficial in optimizing the spray parameters to obtain coatings with desired microstructures. The later part of the review focuses on the economic aspect of the suspension/solution precursor-based plasma and HVOF spray methods and their various applications.
Multiplexed lighting system using time-division multiplexing
Authors: Ban Yuki , Ota Koichi , Fukui Rui , Warisawa Shin’ichi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImprovements in lighting and other indoor environmental conditions have gained considerable attention in different areas, including health and economics. Controlling the lighting environment is essential because, among the indoor factors, visual stimulation affects numerous human characteristics. Further, visual stimulation, including peripheral vision, affects people differently. Therefore, to improve the indoor environment with multiple occupants, each occupant must have an independent lighting environment. However, this cannot be achieved through conventional approaches. In this study, we propose a multiplexed lighting environment that can simultaneously realize multiple mutually independent lighting environments within a single space. We developed the proposed system using time-division multiplexing and conducted an experiment to clarify the influence of light multiplexing on human behavior and impression of the indoor environment. The experimental results showed that the proposed method changed the lighting operations of the users and improved their impression of the lighting environment. Furthermore, the proposed method provides a desirable lighting environment for all people within a single space, even when people in the same space desire different lighting environments.
Proposal and validation of a liver graft discard score for liver transplantation from deceased donors: a multicenter Italian study
Authors: Lai Quirino , Ghinolfi Davide , Avolio Alfonso W. , Manzia Tommaso M. , Mennini Gianluca , Melandro Fabio , Frongillo Francesco , Pellicciaro Marco , Larghi Laureiro Zoe , Aglietti Rebecca , Franco Antonio , Quaranta Claudia , Tisone Giuseppe , Agnes Salvatore , Rossi Massimo , de Simone Paolo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSeveral studies have explored the risk of graft dysfunction after liver transplantation (LT) in recent years. Conversely, risk factors for graft discard before or at procurement have poorly been investigated. The study aimed at identifying a score to predict the risk of liver-related graft discard before transplantation. Secondary aims were to test the score for prediction of biopsy-related negative features and post-LT early graft loss. A total of 4207 donors evaluated during the period January 2004–Decemeber 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The group was split into a training set (n = 3,156; 75.0%) and a validation set (n = 1,051; 25.0%). The Donor Rejected Organ Pre-transplantation (DROP) Score was proposed: − 2.68 + (2.14 if Regional Share) + (0.03*age) + (0.04*weight)-(0.03*height) + (0.29 if diabetes) + (1.65 if anti-HCV-positive) + (0.27 if HBV core) − (0.69 if hypotension) + (0.09*creatinine) + (0.38*log10AST) + (0.34*log10ALT) + (0.06*total bilirubin). At validation, the DROP Score showed the best AUCs for the prediction of liver-related graft discard (0.82; p < 0.001) and macrovesicular steatosis ≥ 30% (0.71; p < 0.001). Patients exceeding the DROP 90th centile had the worse post-LT results (3-month graft loss: 82.8%; log-rank P = 0.024).The DROP score represents a valuable tool to predict the risk of liver function-related graft discard, steatosis, and early post-LT graft survival rates. Studies focused on the validation of this score in other geographical settings are required.
Estimating bee abundance: can mark-recapture methods validate common sampling protocols?
Authors: BRIGGS Emma L. , BARANSKI Christopher , MÜNZER SCHAETZ Olivia , GARRISON Gabriela , COLLAZO Jaime A. , YOUNGSTEADT Elsa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWild bees can be essential pollinators in natural, agricultural, and urban systems, but populations of some species have declined. Efforts to assess the status of wild bees are hindered by uncertainty in common sampling methods, such as pan traps and aerial netting, which may or may not provide a valid index of abundance across species and habitats. Mark-recapture methods are a common and effective means of estimating population size, widely used in vertebrates but rarely applied to bees. Here we review existing mark-recapture studies of wild bees and present a new case study comparing mark-recapture population estimates to pan trap and net capture for four taxa in a wild bee community. Net, but not trap, capture was correlated with abundance estimates across sites and taxa. Logistical limitations ensure that mark-recapture studies will not fully replace other bee sampling methods, but they do provide a feasible way to monitor selected species and measure the performance of other sampling methods.
Small hive beetle, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae): chemical profile of the cuticle and possible chemical mimicry in a honeybee (Apis mellifera) pest
Authors: AMOS Brogan A. , FURLONG Michael J. , LEEMON Diana M. , CRIBB Bronwen W. , HAYES R. Andrew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe small hive beetle,Aethina tumida(Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), is an economically important pest of the Western honeybee,Apis mellifera(Hymenoptera: Apidae). We investigated the effect of rearing environment on the cuticular chemical profile of adultA. tumida, using hexane to extract the hydrocarbons and other compounds from the cuticles of beetles. Beetles were collected fromA. melliferacolonies in Australia as well as reared in single sex laboratory cultures on different diets. We investigated whether rearing environment (laboratory vs. field, different apiaries, access to mating partners, diet) had any effect on cuticular hydrocarbons. Coupled gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses of the extracts showed that rearing environment had significant qualitative and quantitative effects on the hydrocarbons detected. The data support the hypothesis that cuticular profiles ofA. tumidaare contingent on environment, partitioning on the basis of rearing diet and source hives. The finding has implications for the regulation of interactions betweenA. tumidaand honeybees and improvements in targeting of management strategies.
Ultrastable glasses: new perspectives for an old problem
Authors: Rodriguez-Tinoco Cristian , Gonzalez-Silveira Marta , Ramos Miguel Angel , Rodriguez-Viejo Javier 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUltrastable glasses (mostly prepared from the vapor phase under optimized deposition conditions) represent a unique class of materials with low enthalpies and high kinetic stabilities. These highly stable and dense glasses show unique physicochemical properties, such as high thermal stability, improved mechanical properties or anomalous transitions into the supercooled liquid, offering unprecedented opportunities to understand many aspects of the glassy state. Their improved properties with respect to liquid-cooled glasses also open new prospects to their use in applications where liquid-cooled glasses failed or where not considered as usable materials. In this review article we summarize the state of the art of vapor-deposited (and other) ultrastable glasses with a focus on the mechanism of equilibration, the transformation to the liquid state and the low temperature properties. The review contains information on organic, metallic, polymeric and chalcogenide glasses and an updated list with relevant properties of all materials known today to form a stable glass.
Toward Single-Atomic-Layer Lithography on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite Surfaces Using AFM-Based Electrochemical Etching
Authors: Han Wei , Mathew Paven Thomas , Kolagatla Srikanth , Rodriguez Brian J. , Fang Fengzhou 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM)-based electrochemical etching of a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface is studied toward the single-atomic-layer lithography of intricate patterns. Electrochemical etching is performed in the water meniscus formed between the AFM tip apex and HOPG surface due to a capillary effect under controlled high relative humidity (~ 75%) at otherwise ambient conditions. The conditions to etch nano-holes, nano-lines, and other intricate patterns are investigated. The electrochemical reactions of HOPG etching should not generate debris due to the conversion of graphite to gaseous CO and CO2 based on etching reactions. However, debris is observed on the etched HOPG surface, and incomplete gasification of carbon occurs during the etching process, resulting in the generation of solid intermediates. Moreover, the applied potential is of critical importance for precise etching, and the precision is also significantly influenced by the AFM tip wear. This study shows that the AFM-based electrochemical etching has the potential to remove the material in a single-atomic-layer precision. This result is likely because the etching process is based on anodic dissolution, resulting in the material removal atom by atom.
An Exploratory Network Analysis of Sexual and Relationship Satisfaction Comparing Partnered Cisgendered Men and Women
Authors: Nickull Sabina , Källström Marianne , Jern Patrick 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundSexual and relationship satisfaction are intimately connected and share many predictors.AimThe aim of the present study is to disentangle the relationship between sexual and relationship satisfaction, by exploring the connections to other relevant correlates.MethodsRegularized mixed graphical model networks were estimated separately for men and women, which were compared using the network comparison test. In addition, strength centrality and community structure were explored.OutcomeThe partial correlation structure between sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction and their correlates.ResultsThe associations between variables measuring sexual and relationship satisfaction and related constructs did not differ significantly between partnered, cisgendered men and women. Sexual and relationship satisfaction were associated with sexual pleasure, sexual distress, and sexual communication for both men and women. Sexual satisfaction was the most central variable in the network for men (strength = 1.1), while sexual desire was the most central variable for women (strength = 1.1). Frequency of sexual activity was a central variable for both men and women (strength men = 1.0, strength women = 1.1). The community analysis showed similar communities of variables for men and women, except that frequency of sexual activity consistently belonged to the same community as sexual and relationship satisfaction for men, but not as consistently for women.Clinical TranslationThe results have clinical implication in sex and couples therapy, as they increase the knowledge on sexual and relationship satisfaction.Strengths & LimitationsA strength of the study is the population-based dataset, and a limitation is that inferences of causality cannot be made due to the cross-sectional study design.ConclusionThe present study suggests that men and women are largely similar when comparing constructs related to sexual and relationship satisfaction.
Air exchanges, climate change, and severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Results from a survey of the Society of Healthcare Epidemiology of America Research Network (SRN)
Authors: Burnham Jason P. , Betz Fred , Lautz Roger , Mousavi Ehsan , Martinello Richard A. , McGain Forbes , Sherman Jodi D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this cross-sectional survey, we assessed knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding operating room air-change rates, climate change, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic implications. Climate change and healthcare pollution were considered problematic. Respondents checked air exchange rates for COVID-19 and ∼25% increased them. Respondents had difficulty completing questions concerning hospital heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.
Current Use and Future Considerations for Concussion Telemedicine Healthcare in Canada
Authors: Ellis Michael J. , Normand Heather , Gargaro Judith , Bayley Mark , Russell Kelly 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT:Objective:To examine the use of telemedicine among Canadian concussion providers and clinics before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset and identify barriers and facilitators for future use.Methods:Ninety-nine concussion clinics and healthcare providers across Canada that offered one or more clinical concussion-related service were identified using standardized online searches and approached to complete a cross-sectional online survey.Results:Thirty clinics or providers completed the survey and two completed subsections of the survey (response rate of 32.3%). Only 28.1% of respondents indicated that they used telemedicine to provide care prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Providers most commonly using telemedicine prior to the pandemic were occupational therapists and physicians, while the most commonly used services were in-person videoconferencing and eConsultation. Most respondents (87%) indicated their clinic’s use of telemedicine changed following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic including new use of in-person video-conferencing, telephone calls, and eConsultation. Ninety-three percent indicated that they would consider using telemedicine to provide care to their concussion patients once the pandemic was over. Barriers needed to be overcome to facilitate use or greater use of telemedicine-based services were the inability to conduct a complete physical examination, lack of appropriate reimbursement, lack of start-up, and maintenance funding and medico-legal risk.Conclusion:Telemedicine was used by a minority of Canadian concussion clinics and providers prior to the COVID-19 pandemic but was rapidly adopted by many facilities. This study provides important insight into the factors that must be considered to optimize use of telemedicine in concussion care in the future.
Towards a solver-aware systems architecting framework: leveraging experts, specialists and the crowd to design innovative complex systems
Authors: Szajnfarber Zoe , Topcu Taylan G. , Lifshitz-Assaf Hila 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article proposes the solver-aware system architecting framework for leveraging the combined strengths of experts, crowds and specialists to design innovative complex systems. Although system architecting theory has extensively explored the relationship between alternative architecture forms and performance under operational uncertainty, limited attention has been paid to differences due towhogenerates the solutions. The recent rise in alternative solving methods, from gig workers to crowdsourcing to novel contracting structures emphasises the need for deeper consideration of the link between architecting and solver-capability in the context of complex system innovation. We investigate these interactions through an abstract problem-solving simulation, representing alternative decompositions and solver archetypes of varying expertise, engaged through contractual structures that match their solving type. We find that the preferred architecture changes depending on which combinations of solvers are assigned. In addition, the best hybrid decomposition-solver combinations simultaneously improve performance and cost, while reducing expert reliance. To operationalise this new solver-aware framework, we induce two heuristics for decomposition-assignment pairs and demonstrate the scale of their value in the simulation. We also apply these two heuristics to reason about an example of a robotic manipulator design problem to demonstrate their relevance in realistic complex system settings.