bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jane Addams, Expansive Masculinity, and the Fragility of the War Virtues
Authors: Ruetenik Tadd 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
An exemplar of moral resilience during a crucial time in US and world history, the life and words of Jane Addams are at least as relevant today as during her lifetime. This moral resilience was best seen in Addams’s opposition to war, an opposition that included subtle yet often bold critiques of the war virtues that people hold in especially high esteem. Addams’s critiques of the war virtues involve criticizing what this chapter calls expansive masculinity. Mechanized warfare became prevalent in World War I, and Addams was among the first to consider the effects of these changes on all those involved in the creation and continuation of the war virtues. Traditionally masculine, these virtues are those which help perpetuate beliefs that war is a necessary and noble pursuit. Through her resistance to US involvement in World War I, Addams shows that self-reliant moral resilience is more valuable than the fragile valor of the warrior in popular imagination. Addams teaches us that there is no virtue in confusing technological sophistication with true human strength, and what is more, that there is a definite vice in confusing a distorted idea of human strength with moral superiority. The problem is not just that military minds operate on a notion that might makes right, but that they are also operating on a fragile notion of might.
Schoenberg’s Liner Notes
Authors: Jenkins J. Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Arnold Schoenberg was a composer who cared deeply about cultivating and fostering amateur interest in music. This chapter reviews Schoenberg’s ideas about the communication between composer and listener, and discusses how Schoenberg embraced the phonograph as an effective medium for this communication—a way of developing his “public” as it were. The chapter details the role that he believed record jacket liner notes could play in this process (including thematic tables in some of them), and shows that liner notes, even after Schoenberg’s death, proved an important medium for the dissemination and transmission of his ideas about his own music. Ultimately, the chapter argues that Schoenberg, often viewed as one of the twentieth century’s most important music theorists of Western Classical music because of texts such as Theory of Harmony and Fundamentals of Musical Composition, was also one of its most important public music theorists.
CAT in social context
Authors: Brown Rhona 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) has many strengths as a therapy which offers an individualized and bespoke response to distress, and explicitly situates the individual in a socio-cultural context. Its narrative and ideographic focus allows for reformulation of difficulties in this context, and its roots and development over the years has been influenced by Anthony Ryle’s egalitarian values. Bakhtin’s dialogism helps to situate the rich multiplicity and positionality of individuals in their social worlds. However, while collaboration is at CAT’s heart, inevitably, like other western psychotherapies, structural social inequalities are likely to be reproduced in its practice and its practitioners. This chapter examines some aspects of CAT practice in response to these issues, with a focus on adaptations to CAT tools and concepts, practitioners’ personal and professional development needs in addressing social power and bias, psychopolitical literacy in therapy, threats to the therapeutic relationship, and rupture related to inequalities.
Instructional Practices that Support Adaptive Motivation, Engagement, and Learning
Authors: Patall Erika A. , Linnenbrink-Garcia Lisa , Liu Pei Pei , Zambrano Jeanette , Yates Nicole 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Supporting students’ motivation constitutes a critical challenge in most classrooms. However, research suggests that motivation and engagement are activated, enhanced, and sustained when the classroom context is designed to foster and support them. This chapter provides an overview of classroom practices that can be integrated into instruction in order to support students’ adaptive motivation, emotion, and engagement, and, in turn, their learning and achievement. We focus on five major forms of adaptive motivation and the corresponding evidence-based strategies that support each. Specifically, we discuss support for (a) perceived competence; (b) autonomy and autonomous (vs. controlled) motivation; (c) interest and value; (d) growth (vs. fixed) mindsets, adaptive causal attributions, and mastery (vs. performance) goals; and (e) feelings of relatedness and belonging. As part of our discussion, we briefly introduce relevant theories for understanding the function of these critical forms of motivation and highlight factors (e.g., student characteristics, context, variations in the practice) and areas of caution to consider in order to maximize effectiveness. We end this chapter by noting several themes and issues for education researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers to consider.
Achievement Goal Theory at Its Critical Juncture
Authors: Lee Minhye , Bong Mimi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
During the past several decades, achievement goal theory has inspired much research into the direction, strength, and quality of individuals’ achievement strivings and of associated cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement. Through relentless debate and conceptual evolution, the theory has embraced many alternative perspectives and novel methodologies and remains as one of the most relevant theories of achievement motivation in the classroom. In this chapter, we first survey major developments in the definitions, models, and conceptualizations of achievement goals and unresolved issues that require continued attention. We then introduce several prominent trends in contemporary achievement goal research, followed by emerging questions for future achievement goal research. Despite its long-lasting contributions to the field of educational psychology, we believe achievement goal theory has now reached its critical juncture. The courses of development in the next few years may determine the theory’s longevity as a viable account of human motivation, especially for children and adolescents in achievement settings. We believe the theory can take yet another step forward to maximizing its educational implications by carefully streamlining the findings across different frameworks and taking stock of various recent debates.
Trauma system in New Zealand
Authors: Balasubramaniam Sunder , Civil Ian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
New Zealand (NZ) is a country that is renowned for its beautiful scenery and numerous activities for leisure. It also has a modern health system that is sometimes called upon to assist neighboring Pacific countries with advanced medical care. In this article, we discuss the different components of the NZ trauma system ranging from prehospital to governance. This may be of interest to practitioners involved in developing or upgrading their country's trauma systems.
Israeli trauma system: on constant alert
Authors: Bala Miklosh , Gottesman Joshua Z. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A trauma system is a chain of activities to provide quality response to the injured from the site of injury to the appropriate hospital and rehabilitation. Israel has a unique trauma system developed from the experience gained in peace and in war. It is characterized by a central national organization responsible for management, coordination, and ongoing quality control. Because of the unique situation, the Israeli Defense Forces has a significant role in the system. In order to develop an effective trauma system, it is important to devote sufficient resources in education, training, motivation, team-work, and creation of public volunteers for capacity building. An effective trauma system manages mass casualty incidence (MCI) better. System quickly reorganized in order to accommodate the sudden needs of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), while being able to maintain the routine surgical and medical requirements of the community. The aim of this article is to present the main components of the Israeli trauma model.
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 Protects Against Pressure Overload–Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy by Promoting Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Li Xiuchuan , Xu Xiaoli , Qu Xuemei , Yang Yongjian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is a nonselective cation channel that mediates the relationship between mitochondrial function and pathological myocardial hypertrophy. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether TRPV1 activation improves the morphology and function of intracellular mitochondria to protect cardiomyocytes after pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy. The myocardial hypertrophy model was established by performing transverse aortic constriction surgery in C57BL/6 J male mice. The data revealed that TRPV1 activation significantly reduced myocardial hypertrophy, promoted ejection fraction% and fractional shortening%, and decreased the left ventricular internal diameter in end-diastole and left ventricular internal diameter in end-systole after transverse aortic constriction. Moreover, in vitro experiments revealed that TRPV1 reduces cardiomyocyte area and improves mitochondrial function by promoting mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) formation in a phenylephrine-treated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model. TRPV1 up-regulates the phosphorylation levels of AMP-activated protein kinase and expression of mitofusin2 (MFN2). TRPV1 function is blocked by single-stranded RNA interfering with silent interfering MFN2. Activation of TRPV1 reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species caused by phenylephrine, whereas disruption of MAMs by siMFN2 abolished TRPV1-mediated mitochondrial protection. Our findings suggest that TRPV1 effectively protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by promoting MAM formation and conserved mitochondrial function via the AMP-activated protein kinase/MFN2 pathway in cardiomyocytes.
Predictive Capacity of Population Pharmacokinetic Models for the Tacrolimus Dose Requirements of Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Pasternak Amy L. , Park Jeong M. , Pai Manjunath P. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Transplant recipients require individualized tacrolimus doses to maximize graft survival. Multiple pediatric tacrolimus population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models incorporating CYP3A5 genotype and other covariates have been developed. Identifying the optimal popPK model is necessary for clinical implementation in pediatric solid organ transplant. The primary objective was to compare the dose prediction capabilities of the developed models in pediatric kidney and heart transplant recipients.

Methods:
Pediatric kidney or heart transplant recipients treated with tacrolimus and available CYP3A5 genotype data were identified. The initial weight-based tacrolimus dose and first therapeutic tacrolimus dose were collected retrospectively. Three published popPK models were used to predict the tacrolimus dose required to achieve a tacrolimus trough concentration of 10 ng/mL. Model dose predictions were compared with the initial and first therapeutic doses using Friedman test. The first therapeutic dose was plotted against the model-predicted dose.

Results:
The median initial dose approximately 2-fold lower than the first therapeutic dose for CYP3A5 expressers. The Chen et al model provided the closest estimates to the first therapeutic dose for kidney transplant recipients; however, all 3 models tended to underpredict the observed therapeutic dose. For heart transplant recipients, Andrews et al model predicted doses that were higher than the initial dose but similar to the actual therapeutic dose.

Conclusions:
Weight-based tacrolimus dosing appears to underestimate the tacrolimus dose requirements. The development of a separate popPK model is necessary for heart transplant recipients. A genotype-guided strategy based on the Chen et al model provided the best estimates for doses in kidney transplant recipients and should be prospectively evaluated.
Etiology and clinical characteristics of pediatric non-neoplastic posterior reversible encephalopathy: systematic review
Authors: Jordão Mariana , Raimundo Pedro , Jacinto Ruben , Garrido Daniel , Martins João , Estevens Rui , Nogueira Jerina , Fernandes Emanuel , Macedo Ana , Nzwalo Hipólito 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Although more commonly seen in adult population, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) can also be observed in pediatric patients. The etiopathogenesis of pediatric PRES is poorly understood, and the available evidence comes mostly from childhood cancer. Analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the different noncancer-related types can improve the understanding of pediatric PRES.

Methods:
Systematic review of characteristics and outcome of noncancer pediatric PRES. Primary sources of investigation were identified and selected through Pubmed and Scopus databases. The research was complemented by reference search in relevant publications. Study protocol was registered (Prospero CRD42020165798).

Results:
We identified 449 cases of noncancer pediatric PRES from 272 studies, median age 10 (newborn to 17 years), 49.9% girls. The 4 most common groups of conditions were renal 165 (36.7%), hematologic 84 (18.7%), autoimmune 64 (14.3%), and cardiovascular 28 (6.2%) disorders. The 4 most prevalent precipitants identified were hypertensive crisis 119 (26.5%), corticosteroids 56 (12.5%), immunosuppression drugs 44 (9.8%), and biologic drugs 14 (3.1%). Clinical presentations included seizures 100 (22.3%), headaches 22 (4.9%), encephalopathy 17 (3.8%), visual disturbances 6 (1.3%), and focal deficit 3 (0.7%). The distribution of lesions was (n = 380): combined anterior/posterior circulation (40.8%), isolated posterior circulation (24.1%), anterior circulation (6.2%), and deep structures (1.6%). Residual neurological deficits occurred in about 1 out 10 cases.

Conclusion:
Pediatric PRES differs from the adult in etiology, precipitants, and clinical manifestations. Renal diseases predominate, acute raised blood pressure is less frequent, and cortical deficits are rarer. In addition, the proportion of patients with combined anterior/posterior circulation was higher. Permanent neurological sequels can occur.
Vitamin D levels in a population from Argentina with metabolic disorders
Authors: Luciardi Maria Constanza , Alemán Mariano Nicolás , Martinez Daniela , Maxzud Mirta Centeno , Soria Analía , Aldonati Mirta Ester , Luciardi Hector Lucas 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Metabolic disorders are a public health problem worldwide. The vitamin D status in patients with metabolic diseases is not a routine procedure. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and examine the correlation between vitamin D status and cardiometabolic parameters in Latin American population with metabolic disorders.

Methods:
This observational study with a cross-sectional design included 151 patients with metabolic disorders (type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, type 2 diabetes with hypothyroidism, and excess weight). A fasting blood sample was collected and analyzed to determine the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and free thyroxine. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were also performed.

Results:
According to vitamin D values established by the Institute of Medicine, subjects with metabolic disorders group showed: 23% risk to bone health (9.42 ±3.O4ng/mL), 45% risk of insufficiency/deficiency (17.05 ±2.12ng/mL), and 32% had sufficient levels (26.34±6.74ng/mL), whereas healthy subjects group showed significantly higher values than metabolic diseases group (37.25± 7.72). In addition, vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with elevated body mass index (29.13±5.15kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (126.50± 15.60 mm Hg), fast blood glucose (106.29±33.80 mg/dL), and hemoglobin A1c (6.40% ± 1.38%) values.

Conclusion:
Subjects with metabolic disorders and with adequate nutritional intake of vitamin D-rich foods and frequent exposure to sunlight have low serum vitamin D concentrations compared to the general population and vitamin D status should be assessed in these patients.
Health-related quality of life 6 years after bariatric surgery: factors influencing outcome
Authors: Soares Caroline , Pinho André Costa , Sousa Hugo Santos , da Costa Eduardo Lima , Preto John ,   CRI-O group
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
Bariatric surgery is the only proven treatment to significantly improve obesity and its associated comorbidities. The success of bariatric surgery goes beyond weight lost: quality of life (QoL) is acquiring relevance when evaluating outcomes after bariatric surgery but few studies evaluated factors influencing QoL at long term. The main objective of this study is to identify factors that could affect QoL more than 5 years after bariatric surgery.

Methods:
We performed an observational study in which we apply “Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire” to 94 patients that were submitted to bariatric surgery with more than 5years of follow-up. Patients questionnaire score was compared to several variables: age, sex, main surgical procedures, primary or revisional surgery, complications, weight loss, and improvement of comorbidities (diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, musculoskeletal disorders, and psychiatry pathology).

Results:
QoL was significantly influenced by weight loss outcomes (%excess weight loss, %total weight loss, and final body mass index). QoL was neither significantly influenced by sex or age, type of surgery nor previously failed bariatric surgeries or complications. Improvement of hypertension was related to increased QoL, but improvement of other associated comorbidities did not had significant impact on patient’s QoL at long term.

Conclusion:
It appears that the main factors influencing long-term QoL after bariatric surgery are related to weight loss outcomes.
Improving quality of family life among Christian parents of children with low vision in Nsukka catholic diocese using rational emotive family health therapy
Authors: Uzodinma Uchenna Eugenia , Ede Moses Onyemaechi , Dike Ibiwari Caroline , Onah Nkechi G. , Obiweluozo Patience Enuma , Onwurah Chimezie N. , Onuorah Adaorah R. , Ejiofor Juliana Ngozi , Ugwu Collins Ikenna , Amoke Chijioke V. , Onah Sebastian O. , Diara Benjamin C. , Okwor Christopher O. , Aneke Olunwa Anthonia , Ngwoke Anthonia N. , Ezema Luke Chizoba , Ifelunni Clara Odozi , Nwachukwu Ugwunna C. , Oforka Theresa O. , Ilechukwu Leonard C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background:
Most Christian parents living with children with low vision have reported to be experiencing psychological disturbances that are affecting the family health. As a result, the quality of family life is being impaired. The experience of parents catering for children with low vision is mainly influenced by psychosocial factors that could determine the quality of family life of such parents. This present study is to investigate the efficacy of rational emotive family health therapy in reducing poor quality of family life among Christian parents of children with low vision in Nsukka Catholic Dioceses.

Method:
This is a randomized pretest and posttest control trial. Participants were 88 parents of children living with low vision in Nsukka Catholic Dioceses, Nigeria. The power of the sample size was determined using Gpower statistical software. The participants in rational emotive family health therapy programme-group were exposed to a 12-session treatment programme whereas their counterparts in waitlisted control group did not receive anything. A family quality of life scale was utilized in assessing the participants. Data analyses were performed using repeated measures ANOVA.

Results:
It was found that rational emotive family health therapy had a significant positive effect on increasing quality of family life among the study participants compared to those in the waitlisted control group.

Conclusion:
This study contributed and validated the efficacy of rational emotive family health therapy in improving quality of family life among parents of children with low vision.
Case fatality rate of the adult in-patients with COVID-19 and digestive system tumors
Authors: Wang Guoqun , Pan Lanlan , Zhao Jianyi , Tang Jie , Fang Yueyu , Sun Hui , Seesaha Poshita Kumari , Chen Wensen , Chen Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background:
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, endoscopic screening for gastrointestinal tumors was suspended or delayed in most countries. Thus, our study aimed to quantify the impact of COVID-19 on the clinical outcomes of patients with digestive system tumors through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases as of March 7, 2021 to identify the case fatality rate (CFR) of COVID-19 patients diagnosed with digestive system tumors. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, I
2 was used to assess heterogeneity, and funnel plot was used to assess publication bias.

Results:
A total of 13 studies were included, involving 2943 tumor patients with COVID-19, of which 871 were digestive system tumors, and the CFR was 24% (95% CI, 18%–30%; I
2 = 55.7%). The mortality rate of colorectal cancer was 21% (95% CI, 14%–27%; I
2 = 0.0%), gastric cancer was 25% (95% CI, 6%–45%; I
2 = 0.0%), and hepatobiliary cancer was 29%. In general, there was no significant difference in the CFR of digestive system tumors.

Conclusion:
The combined CFR of digestive system tumors and COVID-19 patients was 24%, which is much higher than that of the general population. Under the premise of fully complying with the international guidelines to limit the spread of COVID-19, we call for the resumption of endoscopic screening programs and selective surgery as soon as possible.

Registration information:
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021248194.