bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gut microbiota, a key to understanding the health implications of micro(nano)plastics and their biodegradation
Authors: Jiménez‐Arroyo Cristina , Tamargo Alba , Molinero Natalia , Moreno‐Arribas M. Victoria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe effects of plastic debris on the environment and plant, animal, and human health are a global challenge, with micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) being the main focus. MNPs are found so often in the food chain that they are provoking an increase in human intake. They have been detected in most categories of consumed foods, drinking water, and even human feces. Therefore, oral ingestion becomes the main source of exposure to MNPs, and the gastrointestinal tract, primarily the gut, constantly interacts with these small particles. The consequences of human exposure to MNPs remain unclear. However, current in vivo studies and in vitro gastrointestinal tract models have shown that MNPs of several types and sizes impact gut intestinal bacteria, affecting gut homeostasis. The typical microbiome signature of MNP ingestion is often associated with dysbiosis and loss of resilience, leads to frequent pathogen outbreaks, and local and systemic metabolic disorders. Moreover, the small micro‐ and nano‐plastic particles found in animal tissues with accumulated evidence of microbial degradation of plastics/MNPs by bacteria and insect gut microbiota raise the issue of whether human gut bacteria make key contributions to the bio‐transformation of ingested MNPs. Here, we discuss these issues and unveil the complex interplay between MNPs and the human gut microbiome. Therefore, the elucidation of the biological consequences of this interaction on both host and microbiota is undoubtedly challenging. It is expected that microbial biotechnology and microbiome research could help decipher the extent to which gut microorganisms diversify and MNP‐determinant species, mechanisms, and enzymatic systems, as well as become important to understand our response to MNP exposure and provide background information to inspire future holistic studies.
Prevalence, demographics, and clinical correlates of antisocial personality disorder in Chinese methamphetamine patients
Authors: Li Yuqing , Tian Yang , Fan Fusheng , Chen Jiajing , Fu Fabing , Zhu Rongrong , Wei Dejun , Tang Shanshan , Zhou Huixia , Wang Dongmei , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAntisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is very common among methamphetamine (MA) patients, but very few studies have been conducted in China. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical correlates of ASPD among Chinese MA patients.MethodsWe recruited 627 MA patients and collected demographic and MA use data through one‐on‐one semi‐structured interviews. ASPD was measured by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). The Desires for Drug Questionnaire (DDQ) and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to assess drug cravings.ResultsThe prevalence rate of ASPD among MA patients was 27.59% (173/627). Patients with ASPD had greater age at the first onset, duration of MA use, length of abstinence, VAS, DDQ desire and intention, negative reinforcement, and total DDQ scores than patients without ASPD. Stepwise binary logistic regression analysis revealed that age, age at the first onset, length of abstinence, and DDQ‐negative reinforcement were independently associated with ASPD in MA patients.Discussion and ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the prevalence of ASPD is high among Chinese MA patients. Furthermore, some demographic and clinical variables are associated with ASPD in MA patients.Scientific SignificanceWe focused our study on the clinical profile of ASPD and the reasons for its high prevalence in Chinese methamphetamine patients. We identified several demographic and clinical variables as correlates of the occurrence of ASPD in methamphetamine patients, which provides evidence for ASPD comorbidity in methamphetamine patients.
Anthropogenic risk increases night‐time activities and associations in African elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Ruaha‐Rungwa ecosystem, Tanzania
Authors: Smit Josephine B. , Searle Charlotte E. , Buchanan‐Smith Hannah M. , Strampelli Paolo , Mkuburo Lameck , Kakengi Victor A. , Kohi Edward M. , Dickman Amy J. , Lee Phyllis C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElephants face diverse threats from human activities and use temporal and social strategies to reduce human‐induced mortality risk. We used data from camera trap surveys in 2018–2019 (n = 1625 independent detection events from 11,751 sampling days) to investigate elephant responses to anthropogenic risk in the Ruaha‐Rungwa ecosystem, Tanzania. The study was conducted in one low‐risk and three high‐risk sites using 26–40 paired camera trap stations per site. Risk influenced the active periods, use of roads and water sources, social associations and behaviour of elephants. Elephants demonstrated significantly more night‐time and reduced daytime activity in the high‐risk sites relative to the low‐risk site. This higher night‐time activity in the high‐risk sites was observed for both males and females, though it was more pronounced for cow–calf groups than lone males. Foraging events and use of water sources were more frequent at night in the high‐risk sites. Elephants used roads as movement routes in the low‐risk site but avoided roads in the high‐risk sites. Males were significantly more likely to associate with other males and cow–calf groups in the high‐risk sites. Fewer occurrences of relaxed behaviours were observed in the high‐risk sites compared to the low‐risk site. We discuss the potential implications of our findings for elephant survival and reproduction.
Maternal fever during pregnancy and male offspring reproductive health: A longitudinal cohort study in young Danish males
Authors: Dornfeldt Mette Møller , Andersen Anne‐Marie Nybo , Hougaard Karin Sørig , Ramlau‐Hansen Cecilia Høst , Toft Gunnar , Bonde Jens Peter Ellekilde , Hærvig Katia Keglberg , Petersen Kajsa Ugelvig , Kofoed Ane Berger Bungum , Deen Laura , Tøttenborg Sandra Søgaard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundMaternal fever during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of genital malformations, but the implication for long‐term reproductive health in the offspring is unknown.ObjectivesTo investigate associations between timing, duration, and temperature of fetal exposure to maternal fever and sons’ semen quality, testicular volume, and levels of reproductive hormones in early adulthood. Further, to examine whether concurrent use of antipyretics and/or antibiotics modified the effect.Materials and methodsWe used the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality cohort consisting of men born to women enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Self‐reported information on maternal fever was collected twice during pregnancy (median 16 and 31 pregnancy weeks) and categorized as any fever during pregnancy, fever during early pregnancy (weeks 1–15), and fever exclusively during late pregnancy (weeks 16–42). Semen quality and concentrations of reproductive hormones were measured at a clinical examination at the age of 18.9 years. We used negative binomial regression to examine the associations, adjusting for maternal age at birth, maternal smoking, family occupational status, and precision variables related to semen quality and hormonal levels, for example, abstinence time.Results986 men were included in the study, of which 23% had mothers reporting at least one episode of fever. We found no strong indications of associations between maternal fever during pregnancy and male reproductive health in young men. Concurrent use of antipyretics and antibiotics did not modify the association.DiscussionStrengths include the large sample size, prospectively collected data, and the adjustment for maternal factors during pregnancy and important precision variables. A limitation is the crude self‐reported information on maternal fever.ConclusionWe found no evidence to support that timing, duration, or temperature of maternal fever during pregnancy has a long‐term impact on semen characteristics, testicular volume, or level of reproductive hormones in male offspring.
Using virtual classroom simulations in a mathematics methods course to develop pre‐service primary mathematics teachers' noticing skills
Authors: Lin Yung‐Chi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study proposed a low‐cost, easy to set up and easy to modify virtual classroom simulation environment, CartoonClass, and tested its impact on 27 pre‐service primary school teachers' noticing development during a semester‐long mathematics methods course. The participants' perceptions of using CartoonClass were also examined. A Wilcoxon signed‐rank test of the pre‐test and post‐test results showed that the participants (1) significantly developed their noticing skills, with regard to both general classroom events and attending‐to skills; and (2) significantly changed their focus on ‘mathematics thinking,’ an accepted indicator of better noticing skills. (3) However, a novel video‐summarising task aimed at detecting the participants' skills to quickly notice and grasp a complex teaching situation found no significant change in such ability over the course of the experiment. On the other hand, the qualitative data analysis showed the participants had positive perceptions of the virtual environment regarding realism, enjoyment and effectiveness.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Using virtual classroom simulations can improve pre‐service teachers' expertise, but teacher educators need a low‐cost virtual environment that can be easily used in their own classrooms.
Our understanding of using classroom simulations to improve teacher noticing is still limited.
Using animation‐based assessment in teacher noticing is meaningful.
Examining teacher noticing relies much on written reflections of watching videos but developing different types of tasks is critical.
What this paper adds

This study provided an economical and easy way to build a virtual classroom environment.
Compared with previous classroom simulation studies, this study used a more structured instrument to examine pre‐service teachers' noticing performance.
A novel task (write a full‐video outline with a short time watching) was created to examine teachers' noticing skills in quickly recognising a classroom situation.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The two types of questions (general and specific) in assessing teacher noticing yielded different results that may provide valuable insights for future research on this topic.
As our pre‐service teachers developed only basic noticing skills (ie, attending‐to), we suggest that teacher educators should be provided with more intensive training in teacher noticing.
Developing only attending‐to skills may be not sufficient for quickly recognising a classroom situation.
An unprecedented and unprovoked attack by a free‐ranging ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Champagne Patrick S. , Pitman Renata Leite , Lescano Jesús , Payne Carter J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe describe an incident of a wild ocelot that attacked a group of people in Southeastern Peru. Based on recorded evidence and scientific literature, we hypothesize disease affecting the central nervous system or human‐induced trauma as possible explanations for this abnormal behavior.
Research progress on the P2X7 receptor in liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Xinyu , Bai Xue , Tang Yiqing , Qiao Cuicui , Zhao Ronglan , Peng Xiaoxiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurinergic ligand‐gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7 receptor) is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‐gated ion channel that is widely distributed on the surfaces of immune cells and tissues such as those in the liver, kidney, lung, intestine, and nervous system. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies with increasing incidence and mortality. Although many treatments for liver cancer have been studied, the prognosis for liver cancer is still very poor. Therefore, new liver cancer treatments are urgently needed. P2X7 receptor activation can secrete proinflammatory factors through the P2X7 receptor‐NLRP3 signaling pathway, thereby affecting the progression of liver injury. The P2X7 receptor may be a target for growth inhibition of HCC cells and may affect the invasion and migration of HCC cells through the PI3K/AKT and AMPK signaling pathways. In recent years, P2X7 receptor antagonists or inhibitors have attracted widespread attention as therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver injury. Therefore, this review covers the basic concepts of the P2X7 receptor and role of the P2X7 receptor in liver cancer and liver injury, providing new potential therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver injury.
The context‐bound phenomenon of decision‐making on referrals: A scoping review
Authors: Villumsen Anne Marie , Gjedde Camilla Armstrong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this scoping review, we aim to study the decision‐making process regarding referrals concerning children and families at risk within child protection and child welfare systems. Particularly, we focus on the decision made immediately after receiving the referral. We conducted two rounds of searches across 17 different databases. We used 17 and 19 different terms translated into four languages respectively. Twenty‐seven articles were included within a period of 14 years. After describing the field following the type of social service system and geography, the decision‐making ecology (DME) framework was applied. The issue of decision‐making in social service is complex. Overall, the results showed that the field is somewhat well studied, methodologically and thematically, showing an overweight of studies conducted in the UK and the USA, indicating a need for more research in Nordic child and family welfare systems. We argue that decision‐making regarding referrals is a context‐bound phenomenon with mainly external factors, such as types of social service systems, and organisational factors, as substantial influences to decision‐making. Overall, this calls for more local and context‐bound research in each country and across organisational boundaries within the same country if we want to know what affects the decisions made immediately after receiving a referral and thereby gaining important knowledge on the safeguarding of children and families at risk.
Childhood and rural to urban migration in China: A tale of three villages
Authors: Liu Jieyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article examines how, for many in rural China, experiences of childhood are entangled within the complex processes of rural‐to‐urban internal migration. Drawing upon multi‐generational life history data in three villages, it unpacks three common types of childhood experience. In Village A, where married men migrated but wives stayed behind, children grew up with ‘absent fathers’. In Village B, both parents migrated to cities for work, leaving their children predominantly cared for by grandmothers as a surrogate. In Village C, where parents often took their children to a city with them, the children and their family had to navigate a hostile urban environment that rendered those of rural origin second‐class citizens. Whilst childhood experiences in each setting were distinctive and shaped by their geographies, they shared common features reflecting the urban–rural divide and social inequalities embedded in Chinese society. In the public discourse, institutionalized inequalities experienced by rural communities are often disguised and downplayed with the focus instead on parental separation and the impact on ‘left‐behind’ children. This article reveals it is the stability and quality of care arrangements, rather than mere separation from parents, that is critical to the development of the emotional well‐being of children. Theoretically, the analysis contributes to global scholarship on the dynamics between migration, inequalities and childhood experiences and calls for a broader framing of the debate beyond the dominant concern with physical separation.
Is adiposity related to repeat measures of blood leukocyte DNA methylation across childhood and adolescence?
Authors: Wu Yue , Montrose Luke , Kochmanski Joseph K. , Dolinoy Dana C. , Téllez‐Rojo Martha M. , Cantoral Alejandra , Mercado‐García Adriana , Peterson Karen E. , Goodrich Jaclyn M. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryEpigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation may influence gene expression and phenotypes, including obesity in childhood. The directionality of this relationship is nevertheless unclear, and some evidence suggests that adiposity modifies the epigenome, rather than the other way around. In this pilot study, we utilize data from the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study to examine whether measures of adiposity in childhood and early adolescence are associated with repeated measures of blood leukocyte DNA methylation at LINE‐1 repetitive elements and two genes implicated in growth and adiposity: H19 and HSD11B2. Longitudinal epigenetic data were generated from cord blood and blood from follow‐up visits in early and late adolescence. We assessed interactions between age and measures of body mass index (BMI) at 5 years of age and weight, BMI and waist circumference in early adolescence to infer whether adiposity deflects age‐related DNA methylation changes throughout childhood. Applying linear mixed‐effects models, we found an inverse association between measures of childhood BMI (kg/m2) and early‐teen weight (kg) with repeat measures of H19 DNA methylation. We did not observe any statistically significant associations (p‐value <.05) between any anthropometric measures and DNA methylation at LINE‐1 or HSD11B2. We did not demonstrate statistically significant evidence in support of deflection of age‐related DNA methylation trajectories by adiposity‐related measures (age by adiposity interaction term). Given the pilot nature of this study, the relationships between repeat measures of DNA methylation and adiposity‐measures across childhood merit further exploration in larger study populations.
Sensitization to isothiazolinones in the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC): 2019–2021 epidemiological situation
Authors: Hernández Fernández Carlos Pelayo , Borrego Leopoldo , Mercader García Pedro , Giménez Arnau Ana María , Sánchez Pérez Javier , Silvestre Salvador Juan Francisco , González Pérez Ricardo , Sanz Sánchez Tatiana , Sánchez Gilo Araceli , Melé Ninot Gemma , Zaragoza Ninet Violeta , Miquel Miquel Francisco Javier , Carrascosa Carrillo José Manuel , Córdoba Guijarro Susana , Gatica Ortega María Elena , Ruiz González Inmaculada , Serra Baldrich Esther , Tous Romero Fátima , Rodríguez Serna Mercedes , Pastor Nieto María Antonia , Pérez Feal Patricia , Hervella Garcés Marcos , de Vega Martínez Marina , García Doval Ignacio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent frequency and risk factors for sensitization to methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and octylisothiazolinone (OIT) in Spain are not well known.ObjectivesTo study the frequency of sensitization, risk factors and simultaneous sensitization between the four isothiazolinones.Materials and MethodsWe analysed all 2019–2021 consecutive patients patch‐tested with MI (0.2% aq.), MCI/MI (0.02% aq.), BIT (0.1% pet.) and OIT (0.1% pet) within the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC).ResultsA total of 2511 patients were analysed. Frequencies of sensitization were: any isothiazolinone 15.7%, MI 6.8%, MCI/MI 4.8%, BIT 3.5% and OIT 0.5%. MI and MCI/MI sensitization was associated with being occupationally active, hand dermatitis, detergents and age over 40. BIT sensitization was associated with leg dermatitis and age over 40. About one in nine MI‐positive patients were positive to BIT, whereas one in five BIT‐positive patients were positive to MI.ConclusionsSensitization to MI, MCI/MI and BIT is still common in Spain, while sensitization to OIT is rare. Currently, sensitization to MI and MCI/MI seems to be occupationally related. Although its origin is unknown, sensitization to BIT is more frequent in patients aged over 40 years. Simultaneous sensitization between MI and BIT is uncommon.
High‐resolution drone imagery reveals drivers of fine‐scale giant otter habitat selection in the land‐water interface
Authors: Valladares Nicole Abanto , Pardo Alejandro Alarcon , Chiaverini Luca , Groenendijk Jessica , Harrington Lauren A. , Macdonald David W. , Swaisgood Ronald R. , Barocas Adi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNeotropical freshwater habitats are particularly sensitive to degradation by human activity. Piscivorous semi‐aquatic freshwater megafauna inhabit both the terrestrial and aquatic mediums and thus may be good indicators of wetland habitat quality. However, the drivers of their space use at the terrestrial and aquatic landscape levels are not well understood. We studied the spatial behavior and habitat use of giant otters in Madre de Dios, Peru, inhabiting areas with variable levels of protection. We combined unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and satellite images to develop different terrestrial and water‐associated land cover variables. We tested the influence of these predictors on giant otter habitat use at multiple spatial scales, comparing used and available locations. Giant otters favored bank areas with dense forest canopy cover. In the aquatic medium, giant otters showed positive selection for open water and fallen logs and avoided floating vegetation. These findings may be explained by preference for optimal fish habitat to maximize foraging yield and bank areas that provide more cover from predators and higher quality denning locations. Variables developed from UAV images outperformed satellite‐derived variables. Despite recent signs of deforestation in lake banks in unprotected areas, spatial model predictions indicated that unprotected oxbow lakes did not differ in their habitat suitability from protected freshwater habitats. Management implications of our findings include identification of factors driving habitat suitability to guide policy and decisions regarding protection or restoration of oxbow lake ecosystems to support giant otter populations. In addition, we demonstrate that UAVs have value in complementing satellite‐derived images and providing a cost‐effective methodology to assess habitat quality for semi‐aquatic species at the land‐water interface.
Soil legacy effects of plants and drought on aboveground insects in native and range‐expanding plant communities
Authors: Li Keli , Veen G. F. (Ciska) , ten Hooven Freddy C. , Harvey Jeffrey A. , van der Putten Wim H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSoils contain biotic and abiotic legacies of previous conditions that may influence plant community biomass and associated aboveground biodiversity. However, little is known about the relative strengths and interactions of the various belowground legacies on aboveground plant–insect interactions. We used an outdoor mesocosm experiment to investigate the belowground legacy effects of range‐expanding versus native plants, extreme drought and their interactions on plants, aphids and pollinators. We show that plant biomass was influenced more strongly by the previous plant community than by the previous summer drought. Plant communities consisted of four congeneric pairs of natives and range expanders, and their responses were not unanimous. Legacy effects affected the abundance of aphids more strongly than pollinators. We conclude that legacies can be contained as soil ‘memories’ that influence aboveground plant community interactions in the next growing season. These soil‐borne ‘memories’ can be altered by climate warming‐induced plant range shifts and extreme drought.