bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure-Mechanical Analysis of Various Fixation Constructs for Basicervical Fractures of the Proximal Femur and clinical implications: Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Kim Joon-Woo , Oh Chang-Wug , Kim Beom-Soo , Jeong Se-Lin , Jung Gu-Hee 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: This present study was conducted to determine the structural-mechanical stability of various fixation constructs through finite element (FE) analysis following simulation of a basicervical fracture and to introduce the clinical implications.Materials and Methods: We simulated fracture models by using a right synthetic femur (SAWBONES®). We imported the implant models into ANSYS® for placement in an optimal position. Five assembly models were constructed: (1) multiple cancellous screws (MCS), (2) FNS (femoral neck system®), (3) dynamic hip screw (DHS), (4) DHS with anti-rotation 7.0 screw (DHS + screw), and PFNA-II (Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation-II®). The femur model’s distal end was completely fixed and 7° abducted. We set the force vector at a 3° angle laterally and 15° posteriorly from the vertical ground. Analysis was done using Ansys® software with von Mises stress (VMS) in megapascals (MPa) and displacement (mm)Results: The displacements of the proximal femur were 10.25 mm for MCS, 9.66 mm for DHS, 9.44 mm for DHS + screw, 9.86 mm for FNS, and 9.31 mm for PFNA-II. The maximum implant VMS was 148.94 MPa for MCS, 414.66 MPa for DHS, 385.59 MPa for DSH + screw, 464.07 MPa for FNS, and 505.07 MPa for PFNA-II. The maximum VMS at the fracture site was 621.13 MPa for MCS, 464.14 MPa for DHS, 64.51 MPa for DHS + screw, 344.54 MPa for FNS, and 647.49 MPa for PFNA-II. The maximum VMS at the fracture site was in the superior area with the high point around the posterior screw in the MCS, anterosuperior corner in the DHS, the posteroinferior site of the FNS, and posterosuperior site around the entry point in the PFNA-II. In the DHS + screw, the stresses were distributed evenly and disappeared at the maximum VMS fracture site. Conclusion: Based on the fracture site and implant's stress distribution, the model receiving the optimal load was a DHS + screw construct, and the FNS implant could be applied to anatomically reduced fractures without comminution. Considering the high-stress concentration around the entry point, a PFNA-II fixation has a high probability of head-neck fragment rotational instability.
Human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells prevent pregnancy loss in a rat by JAK/STAT-mediated immunomodulation
Authors: Ding Xiaoying , Wu Rongrong , Yang Tingting , Jin Beibei , Zhu Chunyu , Zhang Yuquan , Yang Xiaoqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Spontaneous abortion (SA) is a syndrome with many origins. Among them, signal transduction or immune imbalance are major risk factors for SA. Wharton's jelly-mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are considered to be able to treat abortion. However, molecular signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms to exert immune tolerance and maintain pregnancy of WJ-MSCs are poorly understood. We establish a rat abortion model using the subcutaneous injection of bromocriptine and inject WJ-MSCs into the rat through the tail vein on the 9th day of gestation. One experimental group included the cells treated with JAK/STAT inhibitor to test the contribution of this pathway. Here, we show that WJ-MSCs significantly lowered the rate of embryo resorption in the spontaneous abortion model. WJ-MSCs reduced Th1-related cytokines while increasing Th2 and Th3-related cytokines. Our observation that the ability of WJ-MSCs to prevent spontaneous abortion and alter cytokine profiles was lost upon inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling shows JAK/STAT signaling’s an important role to mediate SA. Together, these results reveal that WJ-MSCs prevent bromocriptine-induced spontaneous abortion in rats via JAK / STAT-mediated promotion of Th2 / Th3 cytokine responses and concurrent suppression of Th1 response and may offer a potential therapeutic target to prevent SA.
An Integrative Pan-Cancer Analysis of FASN in Human Tumors
Authors: 谭 明 , lin xiaoyu , chen huiying , ye wanli , Yi Jianqi , Su Jiping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The reprogramming of lipid metabolism in tumor cells has led to a new focus on the study of lipid metabolism, which provides raw materials and energy for tumor cell growth and also serves as an intracellular second messenger involved in cell growth and proliferation. There is increasing evidence that fatty acid synthase( FASN), a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, is overexpressed in many cancers in association with cancer progression. However, there is no systematic pan-cancer analysis of FASN.
Methods
We used the available public databases TIMER2.0, GEPIA2, cBioPortal, UALCAN, and TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) to analyze FASN expression and its correlation with prognosis, clinicopathological staging, immune cell infiltration, and potential mechanisms of carcinogenesis in a variety of cancers.
Results
The expression of FASN was significantly increased in a variety of tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and its expression was significantly correlated with the prognosis of tumor cases. The present study also showed that genetic alterations in FASN were also correlated with the prognosis of some cancers. We also found that FASN phosphorylation at S724 S725, S1174, S1411, and T2204 was significantly decreased in breast cancer, and in renal clear cell carcinoma FASN phosphorylation at S207, S2198 was also significantly decreased, but in lung adenocarcinoma, FASN phosphorylation at S207 was significantly increased. In addition, FASN expression in several tumors was positively correlated with cancer-associated fibroblasts, and FASN was involved in the co-expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism.
Conclusion
This pan-cancer analysis identified significant upregulation of FASN in various cancers and correlated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration in a variety of cancers, and provided further insight into the mechanisms of FASN's role in cancer progression.
Nomogram Based on Clinicopathologic and US Characteristics: Axillary Nodal Evaluation Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Biopsy-Proven Node-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Huang Jia-Xin , Huang Jia-Hui , Chen Yi-Jie , Wang Xue-Yan , Xu Yan-Fen , Wei Ming-Jie , Tang Li-Na , Pei Xiao-Qing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: To avoid surgical over-treatment of the axilla in patients with lymph node (LN) conversion following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), high-performing axilla staging procedures are needed. This study is designed to develop a convenient modality to predict the axillary response to NAC in breast cancer patients.Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 1046 patients with breast cancer who received NAC followed by axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) between 2015 and 2021 were identified from a maintained database. The training set included 607 breast cancer patients with biopsy proven positive LNs at initial diagnosis, and receiving NAC followed by ALND. Clinicopathologic and ultrasound (US) characteristics were analyzed, and a nomogram was generated to predict the probability of axillary LNs residual metastasis. The predictive performances of models were assessed using multivariate logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analyses. The nomogram integrating clinicopathological and US characteristics was validated with an external cohort of 242 patients.Results: In this study, 49.75% and 32.23% patients achieved axillary pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC in the training and external validation sets, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that expression of estrogen receptor (ER), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki-67 score, and clinical nodal stage were independently significant factors for predicting the nodal response to NAC. Location and radiological response of primary tumors, cortical thickness and shape of LNs on US were also significantly associated with nodal pCR. The area under the ROC curve (AUC), estimating the ability of clinicopathologic model to determine axillary status after NAC, was 0.72 and that of US model was 0.81 in the training cohort. AUCs of the nomogram based on clinicopathologic and US characteristics for the training and validation sets were 0.86 and 0.82, respectively.Conclusions: Nomogram incorporating routine clinicopathologic and US characteristics can predict nodal pCR in node-positive breast cancer patients receiving NAC and may be a feasible modality to aid clinicians in treatment decisions.
Metabolomic Profiling of Chronic versus Acute Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Wang Jiabo , Shi Zhuo , Wei Lu-ge , Huang Ang , Zhai Xing-ran , Niu Ming , Xu Jing , Jing Jing , He Ting-ting , Gao Yuan , Ma Zhi-tao , Zhao Xu , Hou Jun-xing , Guo Yu-ming , Bai Zhao-fang , Gong Man , Yu Yue-cheng , Zou Zheng-sheng , Xiao Xiao-he 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can present as chronic phenotype as well as acute course. However, the underlying mechanisms of chronic DILI, as well as the definition of cut-off point, are largely less researched. We aimed to profile metabolic characteristics of chronic DILI and provide evidence for the cut-off point by serum metabolomics. Methods & ResultsThe sera of DILI patients were divided into Group Ⅰ (0~6 months), Group Ⅱ (6~12 months) and Group Ⅲ (>12 months), based on the duration of liver injury. Totally 2,105 metabolites associated with the DILI duration were screened out as the holistic metabolomic signature (HMS). By unsupervised principal component analysis on HMS dataset, the samples spontaneously represented a two-cluster pattern of the three groups, i.e. Group I as the first cluster and Group II / III as the second cluster, which suggested six months as the potential metabolomic cut-off point of DILI chronicity. Then the differentiation ability of metabolomic signature was validated in an independent cohort. We further screened out 23 most-associated metabolites as the metabolic fingerprint (MFP) for the DILI duration and constructed an eigenmetabolite by dimension reduction. The eigenmetabolite was significantly different in chronic versus acute DILI and was not related to the severity grade of liver injury. Pathway enrichment analysis underlined the enhanced metabolic pathways of lipids in chronic DILI, which are associated with energy metabolism remodeling and immune regulation balance. ConclusionsMFP was different between chronic and acute DILI. Six months might be the potential metabolomic cut-off point in defining chronicity of DILI.
Characterization and Clinical Management of Abnormal Cytology Findings in Pregnant Women - A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Freudenreich Rosa , Weiss Martin , Engler Tobias , Neis Felix , Henes Melanie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia during pregnancy poses a great challenge to the treating clinician and the patient. According to the current guidelines, watchful waiting during pregnancy can be justified. Only in cases of invasion, immediate treatment may be indicated. However, few data are available on the management of cervical dysplasia during pregnancy. Further research is important for counselling affected women.
Methods
Data of pregnant patients with suspected cervical dysplasia who presented to the University Women’s Hospital Tübingen between 2008 and 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Colposcopic, cytologic, and histologic assessment was performed for diagnosis. Data on remission, persistence and progression of disease based on histologic and cytologic assessment and the mode of delivery were correlated.
Results
142 patients were enrolled. Cytology at first presentation was PAPIII (-p/-g) in 7.0%, PAPIIID (IIID1/IIID2) in 38.7%, PAPIVa (-p/-g) in 50.0%, PAPIVb (-p) in 2.8%, and PAPV (-p) in 1.4%. All cases with suspected invasion were recorded at initial presentation. Complete histological or cytological remission was observed in 24.4%, partial remission in 10.4%, persistence in 56.3%, and progression in 8.9%. In two cases (1.5%) progression to squamous cell carcinoma occurred.
Conclusions
Watchful waiting of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia during pregnancy seems to be sufficient and oncologically safe. It is important to exclude invasion during pregnancy, to perform frequent colposcopic, cytologic and histologic examinations and to ensure a postpartum follow-up examination to initiate the treatment of high-grade lesions. Spontaneous delivery seems to be safe in patients with cervical dysplasia, Caesarean section is not indicated.
An Efficient Annealing-Assisted Differential Evolution for Multi-parameter Adaptive Latent Factor Analysis
Authors: Li Qing , Pang Guansong , Shang Mingsheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A high-dimensional and incomplete (HDI) matrix is a typical representation of big data. However, advanced HDI data analysis models tend to have many extra parameters. Manual tuning of these parameters, generally adopting the empirical knowledge, unavoidably leads to additional overhead. Although variable adaptive mechanisms have been proposed, they cannot balance the exploration and exploitation with early convergence. Moreover, learning such multi-parameters brings high computational time, thereby suffering gross accuracy especially when solving a bilinear problem like conducting the commonly used latent factor analysis (LFA) on an HDI matrix. Herein, an efficient annealing-assisted differential evolution for multi-parameter adaptive latent factor analysis (ADMA) is proposed to address these problems. First, a periodic equilibrium mechanism is employed using the physical mechanism annealing, which is embedded in the mutation operation of differential evolution (DE). Then, to further improve its efficiency, we adopt a probabilistic evaluation mechanism consistent with the crossover probability of DE. Experimental results of both adaptive and non-adaptive state-of-the-art methods on industrial HDI datasets illustrate that ADMA achieves a desirable global optimum with reasonable overhead and prevails competing methods in terms of predicting the missing data in HDI matrices.
Glucose Tolerance and cardiovascular outcomes after an acute coronary syndrome – Predictive role of the 1-h plus 2-h plasma glucose at the oral glucose tolerance test
Authors: Zywicki Viola , Capozza Paola Francesca , Caravelli Paolo , Prato Stefano Del , De Caterina Raffaele 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) has been related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We investigated the added value of 1-h plasma glucose (PG) at the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in predicting admission and peak cardiac high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) and NT-proBNP values in IGT patients admitted for an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Research Design and Methods: Among 192 consecutive ACS patients, 109 had Hb1Ac and fasting plasma glucose negative for newly diagnosed diabetes. Upon OGTT performed >96 h after admission, 88, conventionally diagnosed as IGT, were divided into: “full glucose tolerance” (1-h PG-OGTT <155 mg/dL and 2-h PG-OGTT <140 mg/dL, N=12); ”early IGT” (1 h-PG-OGTT ≥155 mg/dL and 2-h PG-OGTT <140 mg/dL, N=33); ”late IGT” (1-h PG-OGTT <155 mg/dL and 2-h PG-OGTT ≥140 mg/dL, N=8); and “full IGT” (1-h PG-OGTT ≥155 mg/dL and 2-h PG-OGTT ≥140 mg/dL, N=39). The 4 groups were compared for cardiac markers.Results: The first three groups had similar cardiac marker values, but only full IGT patients had significantly higher admission hs-TnT compared with the 3 other groups [median (interquartile range): 911 (245-2976) vs 292 (46-1131), P<0.001]. Full IGT patients also had higher hs-TnT peak compared with fully glucose tolerant and early IGT patients. Only full IGT patients had longer hospitalization and higher NT-proBNP vs fully glucose tolerant patients (P=0.005). Conclusions: Among non-diabetic ACS patients, only those with both 1-h PG ≥155 mg/dL and 2-h PG ≥140 mg/dL had more severe myocardial injury and longer hospitalization. One-h PG-OGTT importantly contributes to assessing post-ACS cardiac risk.
Feasibility study of low tube voltage CTA for bronchial artery imaging in patients with hemoptysis
Authors: An Jianli , Niu Hongtao , Dong Yanchao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To investigate the application of low tube voltage CTA in bronchial artery(BA) imaging in patients with hemoptysis. 119 patients with hemoptysis in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were studied, including 31 patients in the 80kV group (tube voltage: 80kV), 39 patients in 100kV group (tube voltage: 100kV) and 49 patients in the control group (tube voltage: 120kV). The mean CT dose index (CTDIvol, mGy) and effective radiation dose (ED, mSv) of each group were compared and analyzed, and the image quality was evaluated by objective noise measurement: signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and subjective 5-score method, The differences of CTDIvol, ED, SNR, CNR and image scores between the groups were compared, and the matching rate was analyzed with the blood vessels displayed by DSA. There were significant statistical differences in CTDIvol, ED, SNR, CNR, and image quality scores among the three groups (P<0.05). The comparison results between the groups showed that there was no statistical difference in CTDIvol, ED, and image quality scores between the 80kV and 100kV groups. The matching rates between the images of the three groups and DSA angiography were 96.80%, 97.40%, and 95.90% respectively. It is feasible to use low tube voltage CTA in BA imaging of patients with hemoptysis. The tube voltage of 100kV has the better image quality and lower radiation dose.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of pregnant women toward Intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy in selected medical centers in banadir region, Mogadishu Somalia.; A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: MOHAMUD ABDIRAHMAN KHALIF , ALI IKRAN ABDULKADIR , MOHAMUD BAHJO ISMAIL 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: - To prevent and treat malaria during pregnancy WHO recommended intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy for every pregnant woman living in an area of malaria-endemic. The objective of this research is to investigate the KAP of pregnant women toward intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy in selected medical centers in Banadir region, Mogadishu Somalia.Method: - A descriptive cross-sectional study with A sample size of 333 respondents was randomly selected from the pregnant women that visited antenatal care of the three selected hospitals within the data collection period. The data were analyzed using Descriptive statistics & the Chi-square test of the SPSS version 20 to identify general characteristics and associated significant variables.Results: - Study participants who are Married, were illiterate, currently are first pregnant, have a housewife occupation, and have less income were more significant to have poor knowledge, poor attitude, and poor practice.Conclusion: - Pregnant women and their fetal in Banadir Region are at risk, particularly those who were poor education, and income, and have first pregnant were more significantly related to having poor knowledge, poor attitude, and poor practice toward malaria intermittent preventive treatment.
Sex, Racial, Income, and Regional Disparities in PCI Among Cardio-Oncology Patients: Propensity Score and Machine Learning Augmented Nationally Representative Case-Control Study of Over 30 Million Hospitalizations
Authors: Kim Jin wan , Monlezun Dominique , Alsheikh-Kassim Mohammad , Javaid Awad , Honan Kevin , Park Jong kun , Iliescu Gloria , Smith Saleemah , Koutroumpakis Efstratios , Khalaf Shaden , Palaskas Nicolas , Lopez-Mattei Juan , Cilingiroglu Mehmet , Marmagkiolis Konstantinos , Iliescu Cezar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Mortality disparities in sex, income, and race are unknown among patients with cancer who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods
Propensity score adjusted multivariable regression for mortality was performed in this case-control study of the 2016 National Inpatient Sample. Regression models by PCI weighted by the complex survey design were adjusted for age, race, income, cancer metastases, NIS-calculated mortality risk by Diagnosis Related Group (DRG), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and the likelihood of undergoing PCI. Model optimization was conducted with forward and backward stepwise regression, standard regression diagnostics, and performance comparison to backward propagation neural network machine learning (ML) according to root mean squared error (RMSE).
Results
Of 4,659,200 hospitalized adult cancer patients, females were less likely than males to have ACS (41.52% versus 58.48%), and less likely to undergo PCI during ACS (37.86% versus 62.14%). Multivariable regression in the subgroup of cancer patients who underwent PCI found significant disparities in mortality reduction according to sex, males (OR 0.56; 95%CI 0.50–0.62; p < 0.001) versus females (OR 0.61; 95%CI 0.53–0.69; p < 0.001), and race, whites (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.46–0.55, p < 0.001) versus non-whites (OR 0.58, 95%CI 0.49–0.68, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant mortality disparity according to region, the interaction of income and region, nor the interaction of non-white race and region. There were significant regional disparities in PCI frequency among patients with cancer. RMSE confirmed comparable model performance to ML analysis.
Conclusion
Our nationally representative study suggests that females are less likely than males to undergo PCI and survive, among patients with cancer. Mortality disparities were observed according to race, but not income and region in PCI among patients with cancer.
Characteristics of ocular surface in neurotrophic keratitis induced by trigeminal nerve injury following neurosurgery
Authors: Xie Caiyuan , Liu Bo , Zhao Xiaoyu , He Qing , Liu Lin , Wei Ruihua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To analyse and quantify ocular surface parameters in patients with unilateral neurotrophic keratitis (NK) induced by trigeminal nerve injury post-neurosurgery.Methods: The study included 26 unilateral NK patients who had undergone neurosurgery, and 20 matched normal controls. Demographic and clinical characteristics of all participants were collected and analysed. Slit lamp examination, Cochet–Bonnet aesthesiometry, Keratograph 5M, and LipView interferometer were performed on both eyes of 17 mild NK patients. For nine moderate/severe NK patients, sub-basal nerve density was measured by in vivo confocal microscopy.Results: Of the 26 patients, nine had acoustic neuroma, nine had trigeminal neuralgia, and eight had neoplasms. Facial nerve paralysis was observed in one of the 17 mild NK eyes (5.9%) and seven of the nine moderate/severe NK eyes (77.8%). Comparison of contralateral and normal control eyes, 26 NK eyes showed significantly reduced sensitivity in five corneal regions (P<0.05). Corneal sensitivity in moderate/severe NK eyes was significantly lower than in mild NK eyes (P<0.05). Moderate/severe NK eyes had poor visual acuity, and their sub-basal nerve density was lower than that of the controls. The onset of the moderate/severe NK was between 2 months and 72 months after neurosurgery. The number of total blinks significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the number of partial blinks and partial blinking rate significantly increased in mild NK eyes (P<0.05). For mild NK patients, the first non-invasive tear breakup time (NITBUT) and average non-invasive tear breakup time showed a significant decrease (P<0.05). Conclusions: Patients with NK induced by trigeminal nerve injury following neurosurgery had decreased corneal sensitivity to various degrees accompanied by increased partial blinks and shortened NITBUT. The severity of NK is related to the severity of the corneal sensory impairment. Facial nerve paralysis can worsen the clinical progression of NK.Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100044068, Date of Registration: March 9, 2021).