bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To molt or not to molt: The dilemma of acquiring sexual maturity while losing durability and dispersal ability in deutonymphs of Parasitus fimetorum (Gamasida; Parasitidae)
Authors: Yasui Yukio 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The dispersal from birthplace is an effective strategy to cope with unpredictable environmental change. In many animals, dispersal is carried out prior to mating and reproduction to avoid inbreeding. However, this also means that the dispersers have to find mate at the new habitat. Parasitus fimetorum (Acari; Parasitidae) is a free-living predatory mite inhabiting animal dung and manures. In such ephemeral habitats, the mites quickly develop from eggs to deutonymphs as an environmentally-tolerant, dispersal stage. After the dispersal to new habitat using dung beetles as phoretic hosts, deutonymphs have to make a decision; to molt to adult with losing the tolerance and migration ability or not to molt and continue migration. Here, using the molting-suppressed deutonymphs which were developed under isolated condition, I investigated whether food conditions (amount of rearing medium bearing nematodes as prey) and the encounter with conspecifics stimulate their molting. Drastic increase of the food resources induced molting of both sexes but the responses to the pairing treatment were different between sexes. Whereas female deutonymphs molted at the encounter with males irrespective of deutonymphs or adults, molting of male deutonymphs was induced only when paired with female deutonymphs (not adult females). Because the adult females are usually non-virgin and already started oviposition, the males seemed to discriminate against them. The decision about molting is understandable as a male mate choice, which is adaptive at the limited mating opportunities in the ephemeral environments.
Effects of high-grain diet feeding on fatty acid profiles in milk, blood, muscle, and adipose tissue, and transcriptional expression of lipid-related genes in muscle and adipose tissue of dairy cows
Authors: Cui Qiaorong , Lin Limei , Lai Zheng , Mao Shengyong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
High-grain (HG) diets affect lipid metabolism in the liver and mammary tissue of dairy cows, but its effects on muscle and adipose tissue have not been wide evaluated. Thus, the aim of this study is to clarify this issue.
Methods
Twelve Holstein cows were randomly divided into two groups: conventional diet group (CON, n = 6) and the HG diet (n = 6). On day7 of week4, rumen fluid was sampled to measure pH, milk was sampled to measure components, and blood was sampled to measure biochemical parameters and fatty acid composition. After the experiment, cows were slaughtered to collect muscle and adipose tissue for fatty acid composition and transcriptome analysis.
Results
HG feeding decreased the ruminal pH, milk’s fat content and long-chain fatty acid proportion (P < 0.05) and increased the proportion of short- and medium-chain fatty acids in the milk (P < 0.05) as compared with CON diets. The concentrations of blood cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the HG cows were lower than those in CON cows (P < 0.05). In muscle tissue, HG feeding tended to increase the triacylglycerol (TG) concentration (P < 0.10). Transcriptome analysis revealed changes in the biosynthesis of the unsaturated fatty acids pathway, the regulation of lipolysis in the adipocytes pathway, and the PPAR signalling pathway. In adipose tissue, HG feeding increased the concentration of TG and monounsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.05). At the transcriptome level, the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, linoleic acid metabolism pathway, and PPAR signalling pathway were activated.
Conclusion
HG feeding leads to subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) and a decreased milk fat content. The fatty acid profiles in the milk and plasma of dairy cows were changed by HG feeding. In muscle and adipose tissue, HG feeding increased TG concentration and up-regulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis, while down-regulated the expression of genes related to lipid transport. These results complement our knowledge of the fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue in dairy cows and expand our understanding of the mechanisms by which HG diets affect lipid metabolism in muscle and adipose tissue.
HAPLN3 Inhibits Apoptosis and Promotes EMT of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma via ERK and Bcl-2 Signal Pathways
Authors: Ding Yi , Xiong Shida , Chen Xinpeng , Pan Qiufeng , Fan Jiawen , Guo Ju 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 3 (HAPLN3) is a member of the hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein family expressed in the extracellular matrix closely associated with the development and occurrence of various malignant tumors; yet, its function in clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) is still poorly understood. The following study investigated the progress and mechanism of HAPLN3 on ccRCC using bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. In order to determine whether HAPLN3 is differentially expressed in ccRCC, we analyzed data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE40435 and further validated them in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Simultaneously, the TCGA dataset was utilized to study the relationship between HAPLN3 expression and the progression of ccRCC and its prognostic value in ccRCC. Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore HAPLN3-related signaling pathways in ccRCC. The TIMER database investigates the link for both HAPLN3 and immune cell infiltration. Different ccRCC cell lines the role of HAPLN3 on cell biological behavior in vitro. HAPLN3 was increased in ccRCC, and its high expression was related to the patients' survival rates and clinical characteristics. GSEA showed that HAPLN3 is mainly enriched in proliferative and metastatic pathways. In addition, HAPLN3 was an independently associated significant predictor in patients with ccRCC. Functional experiments demonstrated that HAPLN3 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC cells through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. To sum up, our data suggest that HAPLN3 may serve as a new prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for ccRCC.
Characterization and Classification of Soils at Yaballa
Authors: Arfasa Fekede , Bekele Abdissa , Sori Gedafa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This research was conducted to characterize and classify the major soil types of Yaballa sub-watershed. A total of 12 disturbed and 12 undisturbed soil samples were collected from three representative profiles. In all profiles the soil consistence of surface horizons varied from hard to soft, friable to very friable and slightly sticky to very sticky. The lower bulk densities (1.01 gcm− 3) at foot slope while the higher (1.09 gcm− 3) at back slope and summit was recorded. The surface pH ranged from 4.65 at back slope to 5.20 under summit. The low (0.26 and 1.85 cmolckg−1) exchangeable acidity at the surface horizons under summit and foot slope, respectively. The organic matter in the topsoil varied from 3.70% at foot slope to 5.23% at high altitude of summit. The highest (17.02 cmolckg−1) subsurface of exchangeable base was recorded under foot slope. The smallest value (6.07 cmolckg−1) was recorded under back slope. In the surface horizons, cation exchange capacity varied from 25.70 to 36.41cmolckg− 1 under back and foot slope, respectively. The base saturation at surface ranged from 26.09–40.67%. Therefore, this study identified Luvic Nitisol for the foot slope, Haplic Acrisol for the back slope and Haplic Cambisol for the summit. Thus, soil characterization and classification of an area is the main information generated for land resource management as well as evaluation of land suitability for specific agricultural uses. However, to provide the more actual evidence, this type research should be further conducted at different areas of the district.
Dye tracing of the Lusaka Karstified Aquifer system: Implications towards urban groundwater quality protection
Authors: Simaubi Mercy , Banda Kawawa , Levy Jonathan , Meiman Joe , Nyambe Imasiku 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Management of groundwater resources requires a large amount of data, coupled with an understanding of the aquifer system behaviour. In developing countries, the scarcity in groundwater data has led to aquifers being managed according to rule-of-thumb standards, or even abandoned as unmanageable at times. Groundwater quality protection, thus has been through prescribed separation distances often without due regard for internal and boundary characteristics that effect response rates of groundwater movement, attenuation of pollutants and recharge. In this study, we examine the boundary characteristics of the highly vulnerable Karst aquifer system in the rapidly expanding city of Lusaka using a dye tracer technique. We investigate the flow dynamics (magnitude and direction) of groundwater using dye tracer dyes (Fluorescein and Rhodamine) spiked in pit latrines and observed at discharge springs. The results provide irrefutable evidence that pit latrines are a source and a pathway to contamination of groundwater. Dye tracer movement in groundwater was rapid, estimated at 340 m/day and 430 m/day for fluorescein and rhodamine, respectively, through interconnected conduit density. The vadose zone (epikarst) tends to store diffuse recharge before release to the phreatic zone. These rapid groundwater movement render regulatory separation minimum distances of 100 m between abstraction wells and pit latrines/septic tanks in such environments to be an ineffective means of reducing contamination. The policy focus in the protection of groundwater quality should hence forth focus on robust sanitation solutions especially for low-income communities that recognises the socio-economic diversity.
Fast-Response Method for E-core switched-flux permanent-magnet brushless machine with Outer Rotor to Predict Distribution of Flux density at No-Load
Authors: Shirzad Ehsan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates a two-dimension analytical model for E-core flux-switching permanent magnet brushless machine (FSPMBM) with outer rotor. This method is used to consider the effects of teethes on both the rotor and stator with mathematical method based on integration moreover saturation effect is neglected. This analytical method is implemented for magnetic field calculations in E-core FSPMBM with outer rotor with any combination of rotor-and stator-pole number at no load. To calculate distribution of flux density, initially, the stator and rotor iron is assumed to be infinitely permeable and Maxwell equations are provided then use the boundary conditions at intersection of two sub-regions to find the unknown coefficients for extracting changes of flux density in airgap with respect to each angle and radios. In order to validate the extracted results, the proposed model results are compared with those obtained from finite element method (FEM).
Glutathione peroxidase 3 is a novel clinical diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Chen Tao , Zhou Zhen , Peng Minge , Hu Huifang , Sun Rui , Xu Jiayi , Zhu Chenxi , Li Yanhong , Zhang Qiuping , Luo Yubin , Yang Bin , Dai Lunzhi , Liu Yi , Muñoz Luis E. , Meng Liesu , Herrmann Martin , Zhao Yi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Neutrophils have a critical role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with immune system dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanisms of this process mediated by neutrophils still remain elusive. The purpose of the present study is to identify hub genes in neutrophils for diagnosis and treatment of RA utilizing publicly available datasets.
Methods: Gene expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and batch-corrected and normalized expression data were obtained using the ComBat package. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were used to conduct significantly functional analysis and crucial pathways. The resulting co-expression genes modules and hub genes were generated based on the weighted gene co-expression network analysis and visualization by Cytoscape. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in neutrophils.
Results: Neutrophils underwent transcriptional changes in synovial fluid (SF) of RA patients, different from peripheral blood of healthy controls or patients with RA. Especially, glycolysis, HIF-1 signaling, NADH metabolism, and oxidative stress were affected. These hub genes were strongly linked with classical glycolysis-related genes (ENO1, GAPDH, and PKM) responsible for ROS production. The antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), a ROS scavenger, was first identified as a hub gene in RA neutrophils. Neutrophils from patients with autoimmune diseases had markedly enhanced ROS levels, most notably in RA SF.
Conclusion: This research recognized hub genes and explored the characteristics of neutrophils in RA. Our findings suggest that the novel hub gene GPX3 is involved in the neutrophil-driven oxidative stress-mediated pathogenesis of RA. It has the potency to be a target for neutrophil-directed RA therapy.
A Pioneering Study on Spatial-Temporal Variability and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Fluoride in Natural and Artificial Lakes from Turkey
Authors: Tokatlı Cem , Onur Şirin Güner , Dindar Mediha Büyükgöze , Malafaia Guilherme , I Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpatial-temporal variability of fluoride in water has been a major global health concern. However, in Turkey, there has been very limited research quantifying the probabilistic health risks from fluoride accumulations in the water of natural-artificial lakes. Thus, we aim to determine the spatial-temporal variability and probabilistic health risk of fluoride exposure in the water of stagnant water bodies in the Thrace region (Turkey). A total of 33 stagnant water bodies were selected, and water samples were collected during the dry and wet seasons of 2021–2022. The fluoride levels were measured by using a spectrophotometric method, and the estimated daily intake (EDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) were calculated using the health risk model. The seasonality and spatial-temporal variability of the fluoride content in the water of natural and artificial lentic environments were examined. The fluoride accumulations varied from 0.16–0.64 mg/L for the natural lakes, 0.04–0.74 mg/L for the reservoirs, and 0.01–0.53 mg/L for the artificial ponds. The study area had a fluoride deficiency of less than 0.5 mg/L in natural water bodies during the wet season (87.87%) and the dry season (93.93%), which might be a potential health threat. All the calculated HQ values, both in the dry and wet seasons and in all age groups, were recorded as 1. Both teenagers and children living in the central part of the study area are at higher risk than infants and adults. To evaluate model uncertainty, Monte Carlo simulations were employed. The outcome of the sensitivity analysis revealed that the major risks to the health of inhabitants are the high content of fluoride and their daily intake of water. Overall, a case-sensitive study should be conducted to investigate further health impacts from drinking low fluoride-containing water in the study region.
Effects of self-directed learning on clinical competence and the mediating role of clinical learning environment among internship nursing students: A structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Vasli Parvaneh , Asadiparvar-Masouleh Hanieh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction

It is crucial to recognize the factors affecting the clinical competence of internship nursing students. This study aimed to determine the effects of self-directed learning on the clinical competence of internship nursing students with the mediating role of the clinical learning environment.

Methods

This cross-sectional research was performed on 300 internship nursing students selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected in one stage using three tools of Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale for Nursing Education, Education Environment Measure, and Clinical Competence Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 and Smart-PLS version 3 using Partial least squares-SEM with considering a p-value of 0.05.

Results

The results showed that 20.5% of the variance in clinical competence could be explained by self-directed and clinical learning environments. Self-directed learning had a positive and significant effect on clinical competence (path coefficient = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.26; p = 0.027), and on clinical learning environment as well (path coefficient = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.52; p < 0.001). A relationship was reported between clinical learning environment and clinical competence (path coefficient = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.50; p < 0.001). The indirect effect of self-directed learning on clinical competence was positive and significant (path coefficient = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.17; p < 0.001). Self-directed learning has a significant total effect on clinical competence (path coefficient = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.40; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

It is recommended that nursing education managers and instructors consider some plans to enhance self-directed learning among nursing students and improve the clinical learning environment.
Long Term Safety Results of LASIK Refractive Surgery: A Twenty-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Hickenbotham Adam L. , Tanehsakdi Morakot , Chansue Ekktet 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose:
To evaluate the 20-year safety, efficacy, and satisfaction of LASIK patients treated between 1997 and 2002.
Setting:
Private Practice
Design:
Randomized Retrospective Study
Methods:
A sample of patients who underwent LASIK between 1997 and 2002 was randomly selected during annual follow-up examinations. Study compared pre-operative refractive error and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) with measurements at most recent follow-up. Participants completed satisfaction questionnaires at last visit. Retreatments were performed when determined appropriate by both doctor and patient.
Results:
238 patients (468 eyes) had an initial average manifest refraction of -5.16 ±2.86 D sphere (median, -4.75 D) and -0.88 ±0.94 D cylinder (median, -0.75 D). Average manifest refraction at most recent follow-up was -0.33 ±1.08 D sphere (median, 0.00 D) and -0.47 ±0.45 D cylinder (median, -0.50 D).
92.1% of eyes achieved 20/20 or better CDVA at recent follow-up compared to 86.7% achieving 20/20 or better CDVA pre-operatively. 97.4% of participants reported satisfaction with having LASIK. Common problems included distance blur (4.7%), eye dryness (2.0%), and glare/halos (1.3%). All participants reported greater independence from glasses and greater convenience in daily life. Retreatment rate across 22 years was 31.2%.
Conclusions:
After over 20 years post-treatment, LASIK refractive surgery was shown to be highly effective with a high level of safety and satisfaction. Mean CDVA was higher after 20 years post-LASIK than prior to surgery. Retreatments were commonly provided to maintain good unaided distance acuity. Overall, potential long-lasting negative side effects of LASIK, such as dryness and halos, were relatively rare.
Outcomes of Malignancy in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Venkatesh Prashanth , Yan Kimberly , Bravo-Jaimes Katia , Yang Eric H. , Lluri Gentian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Malignancy is known to be a major cause of death in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD). However, data regarding cardiovascular and cancer-related outcomes in ACHD are lacking.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective single-center cohort study comprising patients with ACHD and malignancy. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Key Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), cardiotoxicity events and consequent cancer therapy modifications.
Results
Sixty-eight patients with ACHD and a history of cancer were included in the study. 82% of patients had moderate or great ACHD anatomic complexity. Over a median follow-up of 5 years after cancer diagnosis, 16 (24%) patients died, with 69% of deaths being due to cancer. Univariate predictors of mortality were baseline arrhythmia (OR 3.82, 95% CI 1.15-12.67, p = 0.028), baseline diuretic therapy (OR 3.54, 95% CI 1.04-12.04, p = 0.044) and advanced cancer stage at diagnosis (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.32-4.25, p = 0.004). MACCE occurred in 40 (59%) patients and was independently predicted by baseline diuretic requirement (OR 9.91, 95% CI 1.12 - 87.85, p = 0.039). A14% incidence of cardiotoxicity was seen; 3 patients needed modification and 1 patient needed temporary interruption of cancer therapy for 2 weeks.
Conclusions
Considerable mortality occurred in this cohort of patients with ACHD and cancer; most deaths were cancer-related. A high rate of MACCE was observed, yet rates of obligatory modification of cancer therapy due to cardiotoxicity were low.
VMD-GAM-NNCom model for AQI prediction of three cities in Southwest China
Authors: Wang Xinlu , Luo Lijiao , Li Min , Zhu Suling 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Air pollution control is significant to promote the smooth implementation of air pollution treatment and reduce the related loss of life and property. Reliable and accurate prediction can provide data support and theoretical support for air pollution control. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish reliable air pollution prediction and early warning system. Moreover, air quality index (AQI) is a comprehensive environmental pollutant monitoring index. Therefore, this research proposes a nonlinear combination based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), generalized additive model (GAM) and neutral networks for AQI, namely VMD-GAM-NNCom model. The highlight of the proposed model is introducing three nonlinear neutral networks to efficiently combine the selected individual models, which makes up for the shortage of linear combinations. What’s more, the proposed model introduces GAM to efficiently integrate decomposition modes linearly or nonlinearly. From the prediction results, it can be concluded that the proposed model VMD-GAM-beetle antennae search (BAS)-Elman has higher prediction accuracy compared with the other five comparative models, and the corresponding prediction results of the proposed model have higher consistency with the original data. Taking Baoshan as an example, the mean of absolute relative percentage error (MAPE) value of VMD-GAM-BAS-Elman is less than 6%, and reduces by over 70% on average compared with other models. Therefore, the innovative model provides an efficient and reliable nonlinear combined technique for AQI forecasting.