bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A-238 Test Selection Among Psychologists in the USA
Authors: Hammond Jared B , Garro Adrienne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Explore popular assessments among psychologists from various specialties and variables impacting test selection.
Method: A survey designed by Rabin and colleagues (2016) was adapted with permission and administered via Qualtrics, taking 10-15 minutes to complete. Sampled individuals were licensed doctoral level psychologists living in the USA across multiple disciplines. School psychologists with master’s degree were also included. Non-parametric correlations were conducted to understand variables impacting test selection practices, particularly psychometrics (e.g., ecological validity, normative groups) and frequency of assessment.
Results: Demographics of the 77 participants meeting study criteria are reviewed. The top three most popular assessments for all participants were: WAIS-IV (11.1%), WISC-V (8.7%), and PAI (6.8%). Popular assessments for the fields of neuropsychology, forensic, clinical and school psychology are reported. No significant relationships were found between psychology specialty and major psychometric variables tested. Psychology specialty was significantly related to time spent on assessment (𝝆 = -0.46, p &lt; .001) and the number of tests in each battery (𝝆 = -0.36, p = .006). However, there was no relationship between psychology specialty and number of assessments conducted each week.
Conclusions: Wechsler intelligence tests continued as the most popular assessments among all sampled participants. PAI increased in popularity whereas projectives decreased in popularity. Results for individual psychology specialties remained relatively consistent with previous literature, except for forensic participants. All specialties reported similar likelihood of using assessments reflecting real-world outcomes and demographically representative normative data. Specialized fields of psychology may devote additional time to assessment and use longer batteries despite similar caseloads. Possible explanations are provided.
A-254 Psychiatric History and Cognitive Impairment in a Subpopulation of Older Adults in a Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Ruf Brooke , Lowe Jacob 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is to characterize the neuropsychological (NP) profile of an Older Adult Unit (OAU) subpopulation and determine whether past psychiatric hospitalizations (PH) and longstanding psychiatric history (LPH) are associated with severity of cognitive impairment.
Method: Records were reviewed for a sample of patients admitted to the OAU in a private psychiatric hospital in the Midwest who were referred for a neuropsychological consult in 2018-2019. Only participants diagnosed with a neurocognitive disorder (NCD) were included (74% major, 26% mild). The final sample (N = 72) was 65% female, 82% Caucasian, with a mean age and education level of 75 years (SD =8.23) and 12.8 years (SD = 2.36), respectively. Thirty-seven percent had at least one prior PH. Forty-four percent of the sample had LPH. Participants completed comprehensive NP testing.
Results: A chi-square test of independence with Bonferroni correction was performed to examine the relationships between prior PH and LPH with severity of cognitive impairment (mild versus major NCD). Severity of cognitive impairment was not significantly associated with either prior PH, X2 (1, N = 72) = .005, p = 0.945, or LPH, X2 (1, N = 72) = .604, p = 0.437.
Conclusions: Unexpectedly, neither prior PH nor LPH were associated with severity of cognitive impairment. This suggests that prior psychiatric history may be predictive of presence but not severity of cognitive impairment. Possible explanations for these findings include study/sample limitations, unexplored confounding variables, and possible test limitations. Future studies should include a larger sample with a control group.
A-255 Beyond The Gut: Implications of Socially-Inclusive Food Policies for the Brain
Authors: VanLandingham Hannah , Ellison Rachael L , Cladek Andrea , Hussaini Halima , Khan Humza , Gonzalez Christopher , Bozeman Joe , Theis o Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Socially-inclusive food policies impact more than physical health, namely, psychological and cognitive well-being. We will provide a comprehensive review and visual relationship of mechanisms by which sociocultural factors (via socially-inclusive food policies), impact lifelong mental/cognitive health. The relationship between diet and cognitive/mental health has implications for systematically disadvantaged communities.
Methods: Inclusion criteria: empirical studies published between 1995-2021 in English peer reviewed journals that included/addressed the impact of nutrition on mental health and/or cognition, searched for through electronic databases (e.g., Google Scholar). Keywords: terms related to nutrition (e.g., food policy, microbiome), cognition (e.g., neuropsychology, memory), development (e.g., perinatal, prenatal, older adulthood), mental health (e.g., stress, psychological outcomes).
Results: Access to food, or the lack thereof, can play a significant role in mental health and cognitive outcomes. However, the relationship between food policies and mental health is at least as complex as the relationship between food insecurity and mental stress. Specifically, the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGB axis) shows increasing evidence linking the human microbiome to clinical psychopathology.
Conclusion: What we eat, and thereby food policies that impact what we eat and what access we have to food, significantly impact cognition and mental health via multiple mechanisms. Responses related to the MGB axis (e.g., inflammation, cerebro/cardiovascular diseases) are associated with poorer outcomes, especially in marginalized communities with limited access to healthy food and higher rates of risk factors due to systemic discrimination and inequities. Nutritional interventions and addressing nutritional deficits serve as one modifiable way to potentially prevent and reduce the severity of cognitive and mental health symptoms.
A-261 The Role Parental Stress Plays on the Intelligence Test of 5-year-old Children with Potential Autism Trait
Authors: Sie Sheow Yun , DeIngeniis Donato , Nomura Yoko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: IQ among children with various neuro-developmental disabilities (NDDs) has been found to be significantly associated with parental stress. However, research on the effects of parental stress on a child’s cognitive function has insubstantial results, particularly among children with potential Autism trait. The current study examined whether parental stress is associated with cognitive scores among children with potential Autism trait relative to children without Autism trait. A subsample of 97 mothers and their 5-year-old children was extracted from the Stress in Pregnancy Study. Mothers completed a Parenting Stress Index (PSI), reporting magnitude of stress in the parent, and an Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ10) questionnaire, disclosing possible Autism trait in their child. Children were administered the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV) to assess different domains of cognitive function. A two-by-two Factorial ANOVA was conducted to compare main effects of predictors (parental stress and child’s potential Autism trait) and its interaction on child’s cognitive performance (IQ). The results showed a significant interaction toward the Children Full Scale IQ, F(1, 93)= 11.46, p= .001, Verbal Comprehension, F(1, 93)= 6.54, p= .01, Visual Spatial, F(1, 93)= 4.64, p= .03, Fluid Reasoning, F(1, 93)= 5.81, p= .02, and Working Memory, F(1, 93)= 13.25, p&lt; .001. Notably, there was an increase in cognitive function among children with potential Autism trait and higher stress parent. These findings contrasted previous literature, suggesting higher parental stress may in fact favor child intellectual outcomes.
A-270 Synergistic Relationship of Prenatal Hurricane Sandy Exposure and Postnatal Suicidal Ideation on Child Fear During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sie Sheow Yun , Maharaj Reena , Lopez Johnny , DeIngeniis Donato , Monir Faria , Nomura Yoko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: In-utero stress, maternal suicidal ideation, and COVID-19 lockdown have the potential to effect mothers and eventually their offspring. However, research on the effects of these factors on child fear has insubstantial results. Current study explored the effects of the interaction between in-utero environmental stress related to Superstorm Sandy and postnatal suicidal ideation on child fear level during the COVID-19 pandemic. 115 mother and their children, ages 5 to 10 were recruited for the study (M = 8.62). Participants completed Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and COVID-19 related Child Fear Questionnaires. The EPDS was used to screen for maternal depressive disorders, includes a question on suicidal ideation. A two-by-two Factorial ANOVA was conducted to compare the main effects of in-utero hurricane Sandy exposure and postnatal suicidal ideation, and the interaction of the two on child fear during COVID-19 pandemic. Results showed a significant interaction of mothers’ prenatal hurricane exposure and postnatal suicidal ideation towards child fear during the pandemic, F (1, 111) = 3.77, p = .05. It also showed an elevated increase in child fear during pandemic among children with mothers that were exposed to Hurricane Sandy during pregnancy and presented postnatal suicidal ideation. These results highlighted the important of preventive strategies to mitigate postnatal distress and support families in the post-COVID-19 context.
A-276 Inhibition in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Binomial Logistic Regressions of Self-Report and Performance-Based Measures
Authors: Amitrano Nicholas R , Balloun Bailey , Barwegen Kearston , DeBoer Adam B , Pyykkonen Ben A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to clarify the relationship between self-report and performance-based measures of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional inhibition in diagnosing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. Current research states performance-based measures account for little unique variance in determining ADHD diagnoses; however, research is based mostly in pediatric populations.
Method: 78 participants referred for outpatient neuropsychological evaluation for differential diagnosis of ADHD were used. Binomial logistic regressions were used to explore the predictive relationship of inhibition to ADHD as measured by the Trail Making Test—Part B (TMT-B), discriminability index of the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test—Second Edition (CPT-II), and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function—Adult (BRIEF-A) Inhibition subscale. Pearson correlations were calculated to determine linear relationships between measures.
Results: BRIEF-A Inhibition subscale was the sole variable of significance (p = .043) when predicting ADHD without co-morbid diagnoses, with the model accurately classifying 60.3% of standalone ADHD diagnoses. Conversely, TMT-B scores were the sole variable of significance (p = .044) when predicting ADHD with co-morbid depression and anxiety, with the model accurately classifying 68.9% of co-morbid diagnoses. No measures significantly predicted ADHD with co-morbid depression or anxiety. Only the BRIEF-A Inhibition subscale and the CPT-II discriminability index held a significant correlational relationship (r = -.225, p = .026).
Conclusions: As is consistent with current literature, performance-based cognitive measures contributed little predictive power in diagnosing standalone ADHD in adults. However, TMT-B demonstrated significant predictive power when patients also demonstrated clinically significant depression and anxiety – perhaps suggesting a compound effect. Self-report and performance-based inhibition measures held minimal correlation.
A-277 Neurocognitive and Psychological Profile of a 57-Year-Old Long-COVID Patient After 42 Days an a Ventilator
Authors: Misterka Justin , Russell Katherine E , Basile Rosemarie , Kurtz Rosemarie , JohnKlein Carina , Glasser Gillian , Gut Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The neuropsychological impact of COVID-19 is a budding area of research. Studies suggest greater neurological abnormalities in patients presenting with a severe illness course, particularly those with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The purpose of this case study was to characterize the neurocognitive and psychological profile of a 57-year-old male following prolonged hospitalization for COVID-19 in March 2020, including 42 days on mechanical ventilation.
Method: Relevant data were collected via clinical interview, neuropsychological testing, and medical record review. Hospital course was notable for hypertension, acute kidney failure, and pressure ulcers. Computerized tomography and electroencephalogram revealed mild cortical atrophy and mild to moderate generalized slowing, respectively. Approximately 15 months post-discharge, subjective complaints during the evaluation included cognitive “fogginess,” increased impulsivity, decreased frustration tolerance, forgetfulness, fatigue, mobility difficulties, and dyspnea upon exertion.
Results: Neuropsychological testing, within the context of likely average premorbid functioning, revealed declines in motor functioning, confrontation naming, phonemic fluency, planning/organization, visual memory, and aspects of verbal memory. Poor performance on select memory tasks was likely driven by executive dysfunction. Behaviorally, the patient presented as disinhibited, impulsive and labile. Emotionally, he endorsed symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression. These post-COVID-19 sequelae have impacted functioning across multiple domains including ability to work, medication and finance management, and complex decision-making.
Conclusions: Results suggest bilateral frontal and temporal dysfunction rather than subcortical deficits from hypoxia. Similar to post-intensive care syndrome, the etiology of functional impairment in severely ill, hospitalized COVID-19 patients appears multifactorial. Likely mediating factors include COVID-19 itself, associated complications, intervention methods, and psychological distress.
A-280 Residual Cognitive Weaknesses in a Case of Treated Seronegative Autoimmune Encephalitis
Authors: Ross Daliah , Yaffe Beril 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) refers to a group of syndromes involving brain inflammation due to autoimmune activity and is associated with acute cognitive impairment. While several identified AE-associated antibodies (e.g., NMDAR) can be detected in cerebrospinal fluid and blood serum, many patients who respond well to treatment do not have the AE-associated antibodies. This causes challenges in diagnosis and treatment and has led to limited literature prognosticating cognitive outcomes following treatment in cases of suspected seronegative AE. We describe a case of seronegative AE in a patient with lingering cognitive symptoms after resolution of acute symptoms post-immunotherapy.
Method: Patient is a 25-year-old female with a history of ulcerative proctitis who presented with suspected AE in the context of seizure, fever, balance difficulties, and personality changes. While antibodies were not detected, she was diagnosed with AE based on presentation, inflammatory markers, and neuroimaging and was treated with steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange. Patient presented for neuropsychological assessment 10 months later with lingering cognitive complaints.
Results: Neuropsychological testing posttreatment revealed weaknesses/variability in attention, working memory, processing speed, and aspects of executive functioning including executive aspects of memory. Language, visuospatial functions, and retentive memory were preserved.
Conclusion: This case suggested continued frontal-subcortical dysfunction likely related to residual effects of AE. Side effects of medications may have also contributed to her cognitive weaknesses. This case highlights the need for more research examining cognitive prognosis and expected timelines post seronegative AE treatment, given limited existing research. This is an important consideration for interpretations and recommendations from our neuropsychological evaluations.
A-283 Executive Attention, Internalizing Symptomatology, and the Moderating Effects of Rejection Sensitivity in Young Adults
Authors: Roseman Alex , Meehan Kevin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Executive attention (EA), the neurocognitive correlate of effortful control (EC), allows attention to shift between negative, neutral, and positive thoughts. Links between EA and externalizing symptomatology have been established, but explanation as to why individuals develop internalizing symptomatology (IS) is limited. Research supports that those high in rejection sensitivity (RS) are more likely to develop IS; however, this relationship has not been investigated while also measuring levels of EA. We hypothesized that RS would moderate the relationship between EA and IS in adults, such that the negative relationship between EA and IS will be amplified in those high but not low on RS.
Method: 117 undergraduate students, (M = 21.39 years, SD = 6.38), a non-clinical sample of convenience from a 2017 study, completed the Attention Network Task, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. The sample was 76.5% female; 33.3% African-American, 18.5% Asian, 17.8% Latino/a, 17.8% White, 7.4% Middle Eastern, and 4.4% “Other.”
Results: There was no significant positive effect of EA on IS, B = .55 95% CI [-5.30, 6.40], p = .85. RS was positively correlated (r = .18, p = .02) with IS, supporting previous research. EA was not correlated with RS and did not interact with RS to predict increases in IS, B = -3.30 95% CI [-30.41, 23.83], p =.81.
Conclusion: Results suggest a heteromethod convergence problem and/or the role of other attention processes within EC, suggesting dissociable relationships between attention processes and clinical presentations. Limitations include sample size, composition, and use of self- report measures.
A-288 Valenced Attention Shifting Deficits Evident via Eye-tracking and not Reaction Time Measures in a Psychiatric Sample
Authors: Tytler Caitlin , Yaroslavsky Ilya , Kapornai Krisztina , Kiss Enikő , Baji Ildikó , Kovacs Maria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Inflexible attention shifting from dysphoric information is a key component of contemporary depression risk models. Yet, the literature is mixed concerning such deficits in depressed samples, perhaps partly due to construct-irrelevant variance (e.g., motor speed) that saturates some behavioral attention shifting measures. This study evaluates the clinical validity of an eye-tracking-based measure of motivated attention shifting in response to neutral and valenced stimuli.
Method: Hungarian adults with depression histories (N=198; Mage=26.83, 45% female; n=28 depressed) completed psychiatric interviews (SCID), depression measures (BDI-II, PANAS-X), and a visual attention shifting task via E-prime 3.0 and Tobii x2-60 eye-tracking system. Participants viewed 72 same-actor face pairs (angry-neutral, sad-neutral, happy-neutral, neutral-neutral) drawn from the KDEF database; attention shifting indices (outcomes of interest) reflected visual attention shifting speed away from a sad- or happy-valenced face towards a neutral face (disengagement), in reverse order (engagement), and across neutral face pairs (valence-free shifting) in response to a visual prompt (i.e., a shape framing the target face). Parallel behavioral indices reflect reaction times to said visual prompts. Depression status, severity, and affects served as the validators.
Results: Independent of demographics, valence-free shifting, and valid task trial frequency, current depression (βDep=.29, p=.016), low trait positive affect (βPANAS-X,PA=-.14, p=.02), and depression severity at a trend level (βBDI-II=.06, p=.059) predicted slow sad-face disengagement; no other effect reached significance.
Conclusion: Results suggest that shifting visual attention away from sad, but not positively-valenced information may be linked to depressive states among formerly depressed persons and provide some evidence for the eye-tracking-based task’s incremental validity to behavioral parallels.
A-289 A Systematic Review on the Ecological Validity of Behavioral Rating Scales for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Moncivais Jacqueline A , Rollet Danaë M , Arora Ayesha , Wu Wanqing , Gill Anureet K , Joyce Cali M , Kamm Janina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Behavioral rating scales are widely used assessment measures for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; Handler & DuPaul, 2005).The objective of this review was to examine the ecological validity of commonly used ADHD rating scales.
Data Selection: Apa PsycInfo, EBSCOHost (Medline), PsycArticle, Sage Journal, and Science Direct databases were searched. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed articles, written in English and included (1) participants diagnosed with ADHD, under age 18, and no other neurodevelopmental disorders; (2) blinded classroom observation rating made by trained observers; (3) rating scales completed by teacher and parent; (4) studies included in meta-analysis included Pearson’s r between classroom observations and rating scales.
Data Synthesis: Data was selected and extracted by two reviewers, based on PRISMA guidelines (Gates & March, 2016). The combined search yielded 1052 potentially eligible papers. Eleven studies met all criteria for review, and three studies were retained and included in the meta-analysis, comprising ratings for 516 children and adolescents. Meta-analysis used a random-effects model found the combined effect size of all studies of r = 0.2005 (p &lt; 0.001). Additional analysis of heterogeneity found low heterogeneity in the three studies (I2 = 36.27%; Q(df = 15) = 21.5921, p = 0.1190; T2 = 0.0035 (SE = 0.0035)).
Conclusions: Our meta-analysis provides evidence in support of the ecological validity of several commonly used behavioral rating scales. More research with multi-informant data, including clinician observations, is needed to further understand the ecological validity of behavioral rating scales when assessing ADHD symptoms.