bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes of multifocal papillary thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cui Likun , Feng Dongdong , Zhu Chaofan , Li Qiuyu , Li Wenqing , Liu Baoguo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy with a steadily increasing incidence. Researches have reported that tumor multifocality occurs in an extensive number of cases. Nevertheless, the clinical characteristics and prognostic value remained controversial. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between multifocal PTC and adverse clinicopathologic features and the prognosis.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted based on three electronic databases up to December 31, 2021. Parameters of interest included five clinical features (extrathyroidal extension, lymphovascular invasion, central lymph node metastasis, lateral lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis) and were pooled into risk ratios (RRs). Time‐to‐event data (recurrence‐free survival and all‐cause mortality) were evaluated using hazard ratios (HRs). Publication bias was examined using funnel plots and Egger's test.ResultsA total of 23 articles were included according to the inclusion criteria; all of the studies were retrospective cohorts. In comparison with unifocality, multifocality showed an increased risk of extrathyroidal extension (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.25–1.53), lymphovascular invasion (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.55), central lymph node metastasis (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.12–1.30), lateral lymph node metastasis (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.62–2.14), and distant metastasis (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.03–1.76). Multifocal patients were predisposed to postoperative recurrence (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.50–2.07). The rate of all‐cause mortality did not reach a statistical difference.Level of Evidence2.ConclusionMultifocal PTC is more aggressive in contrast to unifocal PTC and is accompanied by an increased risk of recurrence. They were usually diagnosed in higher grades and stages. To achieve the maximal benefit, we recommend personalized therapy and close follow‐up for multifocal PTC patients. Further prospective studies will clarify the best‐fitted treatment plans.
Revisiting undrained cavity expansion problem in critical state soils: A simple graph‐based approach
Authors: Wang Xu , Chen Shengli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents analytical solutions for the finite expansion problems of a spherical or cylindrical cavity, using a simple yet novel graphical approach recently proposed by Chen & Abousleiman in 2022, in both original Cam Clay (OCC) and modified Cam Clay (MCC) soils under undrained conditions. It is shown that, for a soil mass subjected to isotropic in situ stress conditions, the stress paths in the deviatoric plane for the spherical and cylindrical cavity expansions turn out to be two straight lines, which correspond to Lode angles equal to and , respectively. The desired limiting cavity pressure therefore can be directly and accurately evaluated through simple numerical integration with respect to the mean effective stress, while the relationship between the internal cavity pressure and the cavity radius, the cavity expansion curve, may be equally conveniently determined. Numerical results obtained from the current graphical method, for a range of the values of over consolidation ratio considered, compare extremely well with those from the conventional semianalytical formulations of the undrained cavity problem that involve solving a system of coupled governing differential equations. It is interesting to note that the representative and approximate solution developed by Collins & Yu in 1996 indeed is a correct one for the spherical cavity expansion problem, and, with minor modifications, will be applicable for the accurate calculation of the responses of the cylindrical cavity as well.
A general interfacial thermal contact model for consolidation of bilayered saturated soils considering thermo‐osmosis effect
Authors: Wen Minjie , Tian Yi , Li Lichen , Qiu Xinchen , Wang Kuihua , Wu Wenbing , Mei Guoxiong , Xu Meijuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a general interfacial thermal contact model is proposed to investigate the heat conduction characteristics at the interface of bilayered saturated soils. The semianalytical solutions of thermal consolidation of the bilayered saturated soils considering thermo‐osmosis effect under ramp‐type heating are derived by using the Laplace transform. Then, the expressions of the temperature increment, excess pore water pressure, and displacement are obtained in time domain by using the Crump's method. Comparisons are performed to verify the rationality of the obtained solutions, and the influences of contact transfer coefficient, partition coefficient, and the thermo‐osmosis coefficient on the thermal consolidation of the bilayered saturated soil are illustrated and discussed. Neglecting the thermal contact resistance would overestimate the thermal consolidation behavior of the bilayered saturated soils. The calculated excess pore water pressure and displacement considering thermo‐osmosis effect are much larger than those without thermo‐osmosis effect.
Surgical anatomy of the mid‐vagina
Authors: Haylen Bernard T. , Vu Dzung , Wong Audris , Livingstone Sarah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThe mid‐vagina (MV) represents Level II of the vagina. The surgical anatomy of the MV has not been recently subject to a comprehensive examination and description. MV surgery involving anterior and posterior colporrhaphy represents a key part of surgery for a majority of pelvic organ prolapse (POP).MethodsLiterature review and surgical observations of many aspects of the MV were performed including MV length and width; MV shape; immediate relationships; histological analysis; anterior and posterior MV prolapse assessment and anterior MV surgical aspects. Unpublished pre‐ and postoperative quantitative data on 300 women undergoing posterior vaginal compartment repairs are presented.ResultsThe MV runs from the lower limit of the vaginal vault (VV) to the hymen. Its length is a mean of 5 cm. Its shape in section overall is a compressed rectangle. Its longitudinal shape is created by its anterior and posterior walls being inverse trapezoid in shape. Histology comprises three layers: (i) mucosa; (ii) muscularis; (iii) adventitia. MV prolapse staging uses pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP‐Q). Anterior MV prolapse can be quantitatively assessed using POP‐Q while posterior MV prolapse can be assessed with POP‐Q or PR‐Q. Around 50% of both cystocele and rectocele are due to VV defects. POP will increase anterior MV width and length. Native tissue anterior colporrhaphy is the current conventional repair with mesh disadvantages outweighing advantages. Posteriorly, Level II (MV) defects are far smaller (mean 1.3 cm) than Level I (mean 6.0 cm) and Level III (mean 2.9 cm).ConclusionAn understanding of the surgical anatomy of the MV can assist anterior and posterior colporrhaphy. In particular, if VV support is employed, the Level II component of a posterior repair should be relatively small.
Advanced design of MRI inversion pulses for inhomogeneous field conditions by optimal control
Authors: Graf Christina , Soellradl Martin , Aigner Christoph Stefan , Rund Armin , Stollberger Rudolf 
Published: June 2022

SummaryNon‐selective inversion pulses find widespread use in MRI applications, where requirements on them are increasingly demanding. With the use of high and ultra‐high field strength systems, robustness to
and
inhomogeneities, while tackling SAR and hardware limitations, has rapidly become important. In this work, we propose a time‐optimal control framework for the optimization of
‐ and
‐robust inversion pulses. Robustness is addressed by means of ensemble formulations, while allowing inclusion of hardware and energy limitations. The framework is flexible and performs excellently for various optimization goals. The optimization results are analyzed extensively in numerical experiments. Furthermore, they are validated, and compared with adiabatic RF pulses, in various phantom and in vivo measurements on a 3 T MRI system.
Feeling all alone in the world – experiences of patients with a neurological disease during a COVID‐19 visitor ban: An interview study
Authors: Loft Mia Ingerslev , Poulsen Ingrid , Guldager Rikke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore how patients with neurological disease experienced a COVID‐19 visitor ban and to identify ways of improving the quality of care.BackgroundIn March 2020, a temporary visitor ban was introduced in Danish hospitals to reduce the spread of COVID‐19. This led to changes in clinical practice, leaving patients without their loved ones beside them. Since neurological patients are already considered vulnerable due to physical, and sometimes cognitive impairment, we urgently wished to investigate these circumstances to facilitate appropriate support.DesignThis study was conducted using a qualitative explorative design.MethodsFourteen patients with neurological disease were interviewed using a semi‐structured interview guide. Data were analysed through inductive thematic analysis.ResultsFor most patients, being hospitalized during the COVID‐19 visitor ban was a painful experience with the potential to negatively influence both their mental and physical health.
Metabolic adaptation after combined resistance and aerobic exercise training in older women
Authors: Martins Catia , Gower Barbara , Hunter Gary R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated whether combined aerobic and resistance training in older women leads to metabolic adaptation.MethodsA total of 80 women (64 White individuals; BMI: 30.0 [4.4] kg/m2; age: 64.8 [3.5] years) followed 32 weeks of aerobic and resistance training. Body weight/composition (dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry) and resting metabolic rate (RMR; indirect calorimetry) were measured at baseline, week 16, and week 32. Metabolic adaptation was defined as significantly lower measured versus predicted RMR. A regression model to predict metabolic adaptation was developed that included race, age, baseline fat‐free mass, RMR and respiratory quotient, and changes in net submaximal oxygen consumption after different tasks.ResultsThere was significant metabolic adaptation at week 16 (−59 [136] kcal/d, p = 0.002), following a 640‐kcal/wk energy loss (−0.7 [2.6] kg of weight loss). In 53 women with complete data, metabolic adaptation was seen both at week 16 (−64 [129] kcal/d, p = 0.001) and at week 32 (−94 [127] kcal/d, p < 0.001). Metabolic adaptation at week 16 was predicted by race, age, baseline fat‐free mass, RMR and respiratory quotient, and change in net oxygen consumption of walking (R2 adjusted = 0.90, p < 0.001). Similar results were seen at week 32.ConclusionsIn older women with overweight and obesity, a minimal energy deficit induced by aerobic and resistance exercise is associated with metabolic adaptation at the level of RMR.
Hybridisation of institutional logics and civil society organisations' advocacy in Kenya
Authors: Kumi Emmanuel , Saharan Tara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractManagerialist logic has become dominant in development policy and practice. However, in recent years, the Dutch government is seeking to adopt social transformation approaches to development interventions. The implementation of social transformation ideas takes place in an environment dominated by managerialism. However, our understanding of how the logic of social transformation and managerialism collide or come into conflict and the pathways through which the managerialist principles dominate the social transformation principles is limited. Drawing on qualitative data from the Strategic Partnerships (SP) and Accountability Fund (AF) policy instruments for civil society organisations in Kenya, we find that in practice, the social transformation principles underpinning the SP and AF ‘vaporise’ or get lost during implementation due to the wider aid system within which they are embedded. We highlight the implications of the broader aid system on attempts by donor agencies to shift from managerialism towards a social transformation perspective on development.
Hierarchical structure and properties of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) microporous films fabricated via thermally‐induced phase separation (TIPS): Effect of presence of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Shun , Ding Mengya , Wang Chengjun , Lv Cheng , Wang Yang , Yang Yuqing , Zhang Nuo , Shi Zhiqiang , Qian Jiasheng , Xia Ru , Fang Yirong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, HDPE/UHMWPE microporous films were prepared by blending UHMWPE and HDPE with DOP as the diluent via thermally‐induced phase separation (TIPS) method. Morphological studies showed that the phase separation mode of the mixed systems was hardly changed in the presence of UHMWPE. Both average pore size and porosity of the blend films increased firstly and then decreased with increasing UHMWPE content. When UHMWPE content reached 1.5 wt%, both porosity and average pore size of the film reached their maximum values (with a porosity of 84.8% and an average pore size of 0.79 μm). The addition of UHMWPE was found to not only enhance the thermal stability of the HDPE/UHMWPE blend films, but also greatly reduce their thermal shrinkage rate as well as the closed cell temperature, which made the diaphragms containing UHMWPE have good prospect for the application in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs).
Pain, depressive symptoms, and health‐related quality of life among survivors of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: Klages Kimberly L. , Chardon Marie L. , Drake Sarah N. , Myers Kasiani C. , Morrison Caroline F. , Pai Ahna L. H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) is an intensive medical procedure associated with significant late effects, of which pain is a prominent example. While pain is associated with increased depressive symptoms and health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQoL) impairments in other pediatric chronic illness populations, associations between these variables are not well understood in pediatric HCT. Clarifying these associations may inform clinical interventions to improve health outcomes following pediatric HCT. This study aimed to investigate the relations between pain intensity, depressive symptoms, and HRQoL in survivors of pediatric HCT.MethodFifty‐one survivors of pediatric HCT (Mage = 14.3 years, standard deviation [SD] = 4.3; 58.8% male; 80.4% White) completed self‐report measures of pain intensity, depressive symptoms, and HRQoL. Demographic and disease information was collected via demographic forms and medical record review. Path analysis was used to examine hypothesized associations between pain intensity, depressive symptoms, and HRQoL.ResultsAnalyses revealed direct effects of pain intensity on depressive symptoms (estimate [Est.] = .23, p < .001) and HRQoL (Est. = −.2, p = .04), and direct effects of depressive symptoms on HRQoL (Est. = −.68, p < .001). Depressive symptoms also mediated the relationship between pain intensity and HRQoL (Est. = −.16, p = .006).ConclusionsGreater pain intensity was associated directly with increased depressive symptoms and indirectly with HRQoL through depressive symptoms. Results of this study suggest that multitargeted cognitive behavioral interventions that address pain and depressive symptoms may improve HRQoL ratings in survivors of pediatric HCT.
The impact of hiring a full‐time fertility navigator on fertility‐related care and fertility preservation at a pediatric institution
Authors: Wright Mariah L. , Theroux Charleen I. , Olsavsky Anna L. , DaJusta Daniel , McCracken Kate A. , Hansen‐Moore Jennifer , Yeager Nicholas D. , Whiteside Stacy , Audino Anthony N. , Nahata Leena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFertility navigators (FNs) are important in communicating infertility risk and fertility preservation (FP) options to patients receiving gonadotoxic therapies. This retrospective study examined electronic medical records of patients with fertility consults at a large pediatric institution (2017–2019), before and after hiring a full‐time FN. Of 738 patient encounters, 173 consults were performed pre‐navigator and 565 post‐navigator. Fertility consults for long‐term follow‐up cancer survivors increased most substantially: pre‐navigator (n = 7) and post‐navigator (n = 387). Across diagnoses, females had a larger increase in consults compared to males (χ2[3, N = 738] = 8.17, p < .05). Findings highlight FNs’ impact on counseling rates, particularly in survivorship.
Primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorder in children: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Plumptre Isabella R. , Said Jordan T. , Sheu Song Johanna , Corey Kristen , LeBoeuf Nicole R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrimary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorder (PCSM‐TCLPD) is a rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder, recently redefined by the 2016 World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. In adults, PCSM‐TCLPD responds well to monotherapy with surgical excision or local radiation, with or without topical/injected corticosteroids; in contrast, PCSM‐TCLPD has only rarely been reported in children, in whom treatments favored in adults may be non‐optimal. We present a 14‐year‐old male with PCSM‐TCLPD on the forehead, who achieved complete remission following biopsy, topical corticosteroids, and surgical excision. We also review all literature‐reported cases of pediatric PCSM‐TCLPD, emphasizing the disorder's benign nature and treatment responsiveness in children.
A sensitive and inexpensive high‐resolution melting‐based testing algorithm for diagnosis of transient abnormal myelopoiesis and myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome
Authors: Camargo Ricardo , de Castro Moreira dos Santos Agenor , Cândido Guido Bruna , Lemos Mendanha Cavalcante Larissa , Silva Dias Anna Carolina , Mendonça de Pontes Robéria , Magalhães Furtado Felipe , Feitosa Salviano Cristiane , Tiziani Valdenize , Martins Córdoba José Carlos , Quezado Magalhães Isis Maria 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPatients with Down syndrome (DS) are commonly affected by a pre‐leukemic disorder known as transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM). This condition usually undergoes spontaneous remission within the first 2 months after birth; however, in children under 5, 20%–30% of cases evolve to myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome (ML‐DS). TAM and ML‐DS are caused by co‐operation between trisomy 21 and acquired mutations in the GATA1 gene. Currently, only next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐based methodologies are sufficiently sensitive for diagnosis in samples with small GATA1 mutant clones (≤10% blasts). Alternatively, this study presents research on a new, fast, sensitive, and inexpensive high‐resolution melting (HRM)‐based diagnostic approach that allows the detection of most cases of GATA1 mutations, including silent TAM. The algorithm first uses flow cytometry for blast count, followed by HRM and Sanger sequencing to search for mutations on exons 2 and 3 of GATA1. We analyzed 138 samples of DS patients: 110 of asymptomatic neonates, 10 suspected of having TAM, and 18 suspected of having ML‐DS. Our algorithm enabled the identification of 33 mutant samples, among them five cases of silent TAM (5/110) and seven cases of ML‐DS (7/18) with blast count ≤10%, in which GATA1 alterations were easily detected by HRM. Depending on the type of genetic variation and its location, our methodology reached sensitivity similar to that obtained by NGS (0.3%) at a considerably reduced time and cost, thus making it accessible worldwide.
Defining vascular anomaly phenotypes in children based on a systematic literature search: A critical step in developing a single severity score for interventional clinical trials
Authors: Gariépy‐Assal Laurence , Dubois Josée , Zwicker Kelley , Pincivy Alix , Powell Julie , Zhang Yang , Breakey Vicky , Price Victoria , Brandão Leonardo R. , Carcao Manuel , Kleiber Niina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionGenetically targeted drugs in vascular anomalies (VA) are used despite the absence of a validated severity score. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of grouping phenotypic VA clinical characteristics into a single severity score.MethodsA systematic literature review including children treated with sirolimus accompanied by a detailed description of phenotype and management was conducted. Demographic data and clinical features were extracted to define distinct categories of phenotypes.ResultsChildren with VA display two main phenotypes regardless of VA subtype, which may overlap. A systemic phenotype results from direct invasion and compression of vital structures generally leading to hospitalization and aggressive management in infancy. A functional phenotype is associated with chronic pain and disability manifesting mainly during early adolescence and managed in the outpatient setting.ConclusionThe two distinct phenotypes described could be the basis for developing a unified scoring system for VA severity assessment.
Physical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract and graphene oxide incorporated corn starch nanocomposite films
Authors: Aydin Gulsum , Yildiz Mualla 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe utilization of eco‐friendly and biodegradable natural biopolymers is globally expanding due to environmental problems caused by non‐degradable synthetic polymers. This study examined the physical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of corn starch‐based films incorporated with Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HE) and different concentrations (0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt% of starch) of graphene oxide (GO). The addition of HE and GO into the starch matrix resulted in increased thickness, moisture content, solubility, and swelling degree in the composite films. FTIR spectrum proved intermolecular interactions among starch, HE, and GO. Moreover, SEM images showed that films presented a continuous surface without cracks and bubbles, without separation of phases between starch, HE, and GO verifying the compatibility of the constituents in the film matrix. On the other hand, the addition of the plant extract and GO significantly reduced the tensile strength of the films (except the film containing 0.5% GO) and increased the percentage of elongation at break. Furthermore, all films displayed strong antibacterial activity against both the Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Obtained results suggest that the novel antibacterial starch films incorporated with HE and GO are promising to be used as wound dress or food coating.