bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Multidimensional Boolean Patterns Dominating Microbiome and Microbial Genome Data?
Authors: Golovko George , Khanipov Kamil , Reyes Victor , Pinchuk Irina , Fofanov Yuriy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Virtually every biological system is governed by the complex relations among its components. Identifying such relations requires a rigorous or heuristics-based search for patterns among variables/features of a system. A number of algorithms have been developed to identify two-dimensional (involving two variables) patterns employing correlation, covariation, mutual information, etc. It seems obvious, however, that comprehensive descriptions of complex biological systems may also include more complicated multidimensional relations, which can only be described using patterns that simultaneously embrace 3, 4, and more variables. The main challenges in the search for such multidimensional patterns include: (a) computational complexity of the search; (b) distinction of statistically significant patterns from false patterns which can be observed in large data sets simply by chance; and (3) integration of heterogeneous data types (numerical, Boolean, categorical, etc.) in a single pattern.Results: This manuscript presents an attempt to address some of these challenges by defining multidimensional Boolean patterns in a way permitting to: (a) accommodate heterogeneous multi-omics data, (b) formulate criteria for separating trivial from non-trivial patterns, and (c) identify conditions, required for a given pattern to predict the values of selected feature(s). Additionally, the proposed definition of the pattern’s strength (pattern’s score) and minimal population threshold permits estimation of the statistical significance of detected patterns using scores distributions of artificial datasets created by randomizing original data.Conclusion: To test the proposed approach we performed a search for all possible 2-, 3-, and 4-dimensional patterns in historical data from the Human Microbiome Project (15 body sites) and collection of H. pylori genomes associated with gastric ulcers, gastritis, and duodenal ulcers. In all datasets under consideration, we were able to identify hundreds of statistically significant multidimensional patterns. These results suggest that such patterns may dominate the landscape of microbial genomics/microbiomics systems.
Exploration of biomarkers of psoriasis through combined multiomics analysis
Authors: Xing Lu , Yu Li , Zhou Nian , Zhang Zhao , Pu Yunjing , Wu Jingnan , Shu Hong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background : Aberrant DNA methylation patterns are of increasing interest in the study of psoriasis mechanisms. This study aims to screen potential diagnostic indicators affected by DNA methylation for psoriasis based on bioinformatics using multiple machine learning algorithms and to preliminarily explore its molecular mechanisms. Methods : GSE13355, GSE14905, and GSE73894 were collected from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated region (DMR)-genes between psoriasis and control samples were combined to obtain differentially expressed methylated genes. Subsequently, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network establishment, multiple machine learning algorithm analysis, including, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and single-gene gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to analyze the interaction networks, to recognize hub genes, and to clarify the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The druggable genes were predicted using DGIdb. The expression of GJB2 in psoriasis lesions and healthy controls was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR). Results: In this study, a total of 767 DEGs and 896 DMR-genes were obtained. Functional enrichment showed that they were significantly associated with skin development, skin barrier function, immune/inflammatory response, and cell cycle. The combined transcriptomic and DNA methylation data resulted in 33 differentially expressed methylated genes, of which The gap junction beta 2 (GJB2) was the final identified hub gene for psoriasis, with the robust diagnostic power. IHC and RT-qPCR showed that GJB2 was significant higher in psoriasis than that in healthy controls. Single gene GSEA suggested that GJB2 may be involved in the development and progression of psoriasis by disrupting the body's immune system, mediating the cell cycle, and destroying the skin barrier, in addition to possibly inducing diseases related to the skeletal aspects of psoriasis. Moreover, OCTANOL and CARBENOXOLONE were identified as promising compounds through the DGIdb database. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the abnormal expression of GJB2 may play a critical role in psoriasis development and progression. The genes identified in our study may serve as a diagnostic indicator and therapeutic target in psoriasis.
Rebaudioside B exerts protective effect against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway
Authors: Liu Ning , Sun MengJiao , Sun Jing , Gong PanPan , Zhang WenJing , Wang HongXia , Wang ManXia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the major diseases that threaten human health.This study aimed to evaluate the effect and mechanisms of action of Rebaudioside B (Reb B) in the treatment of MS.Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce an inflammatory response in BV2 microglial cells, which simulates an in vitro MS model.Reb B was screened from small molecular libraries using CCK8 assay and BAX kit. The morphology and functional changes in the LPS- induced BV2 cells were analyzed using the Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining assay and Western blot (WB).In addition, we established the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS in female C57BL/6 mice.We then assessed the clinical symptoms of the EAE mice, and analyzed changes in the expression of key proteins in signal transduction pathways by histopathological staining and WB.Results: Our data showed that the cell viability in the LPS+Reb B group was highest after administration of 10μM Reb B.Compared with the control group, the apoptotic rate, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the expression of cleavage caspase-3 were significantly increased in the BV2 cells under LPS exposure, a finding that contrasted the trend in the Reb B intervention model group. In the EAE model,there was improvement of clinical symptom scores in the drug treatment group.In addition,histological assessment demonstrated that there was less inflammatory infiltration and less demyelination area in the treatment group compared to the model group.Conclusion: Taken together,our data demonstrated that Reb B offers protective effect against EAE microglia through inhibition of an apoptotic pathway.
Influence of corneal diameters on the accuracy of Scheimpflug-derived corneal tomographic indices in Chinese patients with forme fruste keratoconus or thin corneas
Authors: Ding Lan , Niu Lingling , Shi Wanru , Zhou Xingtao , Qian Yishan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the influence of corneal diameters (CD) on the diagnostic accuracy of Pentacam tomographic indices in eyes with forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) or thin corneas (TC).
Methods
One hundred and one eyes of 101 patients with FFKC (FFKCG), 104 eyes of 104 patients with corneal thickness < 490µm (TCG), and 200 eyes of 200 normal subjects (NG) were analyzed in the study. Pentacam ectasia indices were compared between different groups.
Results
The results for the multiple linear regression analysis between CD groups and corneal indices adjusted for flat central power (Kf), steep central power (Ks) and maximum corneal power (Kmax) showed that, compared with ≤ 11.9mm, back corneal elevation (BE) decreased 2.35 per unit, deviation of normality of the back elevation (Db) decreased 0.45 per unit (P = 0.007) and overall deviation of normality (BAD-D) decreased 0.26 per unit (P = 0.027) on average for subjects with CD > 11.9 in the FFKCG. The comparisons for the classifications (normal/abnormal) of the individual indices showed that for CD ≤ 11.9mm, the rates of abnormal cases in the FFKCG were significantly higher than NG for seven indices; for CD > 11.9mm, the rates of abnormal cases were higher than NG only for two indices. For CD ≤ 11.9mm, the rates of abnormal cases in the TCG were higher than NG for nine indices; for CD > 11.9mm, the rates of abnormal cases were higher than NG for seven indices.
Conclusion
BAD indices could underestimate the risk of ectasia in patients with large cornea, especially those with FFKC.
Risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms
Authors: Mitsui Kiyomi , Endo Motoki , Kino Hidesato , Matsumura Yoshiko , Tayanaka Mayumi , Nishioka Emiko , Ueda Yuito , Takeda Jun , Kokaze Akatsuki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose:The purpose of the present study is to clarify predictors of postpartum depressive symptoms. The study focuses on the relationship between preterm birth and postpartum depressive symptoms in primary medical facilities among mothers who visited one clinic for a medical checkup at 1 month postpartum.Methods:The following data were retrospectively collected from medical records: total Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score, maternal age at birth, parity, history of psychiatric disease, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational age, infant’s sex and maternal nationality. We analyzed the risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms as measured by the Japanese version of the EPDS.Results:Of 727 subjects, the mean EPDS score at 1 month postpartum was 4.14 and 76 of the 727 subjects (10.5%) had an EPDS score of 9 points or more. After multivariate analysis, “preterm birth” showed an odds ratio [OR] of 4.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48-11.57; p=0.007), “primipara” an OR of 3.16 [95%CI, 1.81-5.53; p<0.001], “a history of psychiatric disease” an OR of 2.53 [95%CI, 1.23-5.23); p=0.012] and “male infant” an OR of 1.70 [95%CI, 1.02-2.81; p=0.041] were associated with postpartum depressive symptoms.Conclusions:In total, 76 (10.5%) of the 727 subjects (10.5%) had an EPDS score of 9 points or more at 1 month postpartum. Mothers of late premature infants, primipara, mothers with a history of psychiatric disorders, and mothers of boys were more likely to have depressive symptoms in the first month postpartum in low-risk births in Japan. Mothers with these factors in their background might need to be carefully monitored during pregnancy and after delivery.
Georadar Application for Site Characterization of a Waste Disposal on Quartzite Soil
Authors: Borges Welitom Rodrigues , Hussain Yawar , Cunha Luciano Soares , Uagoda Rogério Elias , Lago Alexandre Lisboa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Poorly managed disposal of solid waste on permeable soil may have serious environmental concerns which can greatly benefit from quick site investigation using non-invasive and cost-effective methods. Therefore, the present research examines the efficiency and agility of ground penetrating radar (GPR) in dumpsite characterization. A case study was conducted on the Alto Paraíso de Goiás dumpsite (Brazil), where the natural ground is composed of coarse-grained quartzite soil. The GPR data were acquired with 200 MHz shielded antennas, at a sampling interval of 0.05 m, covering the dumpsite and its adjoining. A commonly adopted processing workflow, and as a result, four predominant reflection patterns and a discontinuous surface were identified and interpreted in terms of site stratigraphy, contaminant pathways, and plume geometry. The GPR interpretation was enhanced by incorporating the lithological information from nearby monitoring wells. The study shows the potential of applying the GPR method as an effective geophysical characterization tool for waste disposal sites on quartzite.
Sentinel-2 based mapping of soil salinity of arid soils in southeastern regions of Tunisia
Authors: Hafra Sameh , Sahnoun Houda , Bouajila Abbelhakim 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Arid and semi-arid regions are faced on soil salinization’s problem causing land degradation that’s why studies are focused on the prevention and the mitigation of this parameter in these environments. It degrades soil, limits plant growth and reduces crop productivity. Recently, the demand for rapid and economic detection of soil salinization has been rising. Remote sensing and multispectral data Sentinel_2 are used to predict and mapping soil salinity in southern Tunisia. In this study, 80 samples were collected from the soil surface (the upper 10 cm). A predictive model was constructed based on the measured soil electrical conductivity (EC) and spectral indices developed from satellite image. The results revealed that salinity index SI1, SI2 and band 3 have the highest correlation with EC. Multiple regression analysis showed a moderate accuracy with R2 = 0.42 and an RMSE = 18.3.This predictive model, special to arid and semi-arid environments, can be applied to other satellite data (Landsat 8…).
Psychometric properties of the Slovenian version of the Cancer Survivors’ Unmet Needs (CaSUN-SL) measure in post-treatment cancer survivors
Authors: Miroševič Špela , Zupančič Polona Selič – , Prins Judith , Homar Vesna , Ketiš Zalika Klemenc – 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
As the number of cancer survivors is growing, valid instruments for assessing cancer survivors' needs are required. Thus, the aim of this study was to translate and validate the Cancer Survivors Unmet Needs (CaSUN) scale.
Methods
Cancer survivors were recruited from 30 family medicine practices and separated into two samples (sample 1, n = 147; sample 2, n = 148). Factor structure was explored with an exploratory analysis in sample 1 and determined with a confirmatory analysis in sample 2. Psychometric properties were assessed with internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity.
Results
A translation and cultural adaptation of the CaSUN scale resulted in 34 items being included in the final version. The factor structure confirmed the five-factors solution of the CaSUN-SL. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.94 for the CaSUN-SL and ranged from 0.71–0.88 for specific domains. Test-retest reliability showed moderate-high stability over time. The CaSUN-SL significantly and positively correlated with anxiety (r = 0.49), depression (r = 0.44), health-related quality of life (r = 0.36), and negatively with self-perceived health (r = -0.36) and resilience (r = -0.47), which confirms the construct validity. In addition, we found a significant correlation between unmet needs and age (r = -0.29), gender (r = 0.14), cancer stage (r = 0.20), cancer type (r = 0.19), and time since treatment (r = -0.20).
Conclusions
Results indicate that CaSUN-SL is a valid and reliable measure to assess the Slovenian cancer survivors’ unmet, met and total needs and can be used for further prospective studies.
Trial Registration:
no. 0120 − 25/2019/6
Acoustic Velocity Analogy Formulation for Sources in Quiescent Medium
Authors: He JiaHua , Xue Sidan , Liu QiuHong , Yang DangGuo , Wang LiangQuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The prediction of acoustic scattering requires the acoustic velocity evaluation on the scattering surface in order to satisfy the boundary conditions. According to the idea of acoustic analogy, this paper induces a vector wave equation of aeroacoustics by rearranging the conversation equations of mass and momentum with a penetrable surface. Then, an analytical formulation of the acoustic velocity, called formulation V2A, is derived for sources in a quiescent medium by solving the vector wave equation with the free-space Green’s function. The validity of the formulation is confirmed by numerical results for a stationary monopole, a stationary dipole source, and a rotating monopole source in quiescent medium. The result indicates that the predication of formulation V2A is identical to the exact solutions no matter in far-field or near-field.
Orbital Angular Momentum Carried by ShGB Vortex Beam for FSO and its Aberration Effects
Authors: Lazer Nimmy , Teen Y. P. Arul , Rajesh K. B. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, orbital angular momentum (OAM) and distribution of intensity of vortex Sinh-Gaussian beam (ShGB) travelling through an atmosphere with turbulence are detailly studied by applying Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction integral equations. When the medium of propagation of an optical beam in the atmosphere, it encounters so many issues. One of the main issues is atmospheric turbulence. A turbulent atmosphere is composed of various types of aberrations. Here, we have undergone a detailed investigation of the effect of various aberrations present in the atmosphere, such as z-tilt aberration, defocus aberration, astigmatism aberration, coma aberration, and spherical aberration under zero, weak, medium, and strong turbulent conditions. Also, it noted its OAM and the distribution of intensity of the vortex ShGB with topological charge p = 1 at different propagation distances (z = 2000m & z = 5000m) under a turbulent atmosphere. Numerical analysis results of each aberration show that all aberrations have some sort of impact on vortex ShGB. But on comparing the results of all aberrations, it is observed that the consequence of tilt aberration is greater than the other four aberrations on vortex ShGB. From the simulation results, it is found that the beam gets converted into a Gaussian nature when the value of turbulence factor is increased from zero turbulent condition to strong turbulent condition. Therefore, the resultant OAM and intensity distribution of vortex ShGB due to the effect of z-tilt aberration contribute a crucial part when compared with the other four aberrations. Also, it is noticed that the beam is least affected by coma aberration. The results also show that as we increase the distance of propagation from 2000m to 5000m, the quality of the beam gets reduced.
Associations of health-related physical fitness with body fat distribution and obesity risk using bioelectrical impedance in Taiwanese adults
Authors: Hung Chang-Tsen , Lin Chi-Fang , Lee Po-Fu , Xu Shu , Kao Hsiao-Fang , Lo Kai-Yang , Su Yan-Jhu , ChangChien Wen-Sheng , Ho Chien-Chang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: In terms of public health, obesity and being overweight have become major concerns worldwide. Nevertheless, regarding body composition, it is important to have a more precise understanding of fat-to-muscle ratio. Hence, this study aimed to adopt bioelectrical impedance measurements to test body fat percentage (BF%) and to determine the associations of health-related physical fitness with body fat (BF) distribution and BF obesity risk in Taiwanese adults.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and reviewed the data derived from Taiwan’s Scientific Physical Fitness Survey. From the database, responses from 17,970 participants aged 23-64 years were collected in this study. Each participant completed a series of health-related physical fitness measurements, including cardiorespiratory fitness (3-min of a progressive knee-up and step [3MPKS] test), muscular fitness (hand grip strength), and flexibility (sit-and-reach test). The BF% of each participant was assessed by using the bioelectrical impedance analysis method. Results: BF% was negatively associated with low performance on the 3MPKS (β = 11.314, p < 0.0001 for men; β = 12.308, p < 0.0001 for women), hand grip strength (β = 2.071, p < 0.0001 for men; β = 0.859, p < 0.0001 for women), and sit-and-reach (β = 0.337, p = 0.008 for women) tests but was positively associated with sit-and-reach (β = -0.394, p = 0.004 for men). The risk of BF obesity for the low performance of 3MPKS (odds ratio [OR] = 26.554, p < 0.0001 for men; OR = 25.808, p < 0.0001 for women), hand grip strength (OR = 1.682, p < 0.0001 for men; OR = 1.234, p < 0.0001 for women), and sit-and-reach (OR = 1.142, p = 0.007 for women) tests was observed.Conclusion: These results suggested that low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness, and flexibility are associated with an increased risk of BF obesity.
A Virtual Machine Placement Algorithm for Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization
Authors: Lima David H. S. , Aquino Andre L. L. , Curado Marilia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work presents a Virtual Machine Placement algorithm to optimize the service allocation process. This problem is one of the most significant challenges in Network Function Virtualization. Our solution uses a buffered ranking strategy where we perform the allocation process considering batches of tasks instead of single tasks. We consider two different literature approaches to compare our solution regarding the time to allocate tasks and the number of resources allocated. To evaluate the proposal, we use scenarios where the requisitions arrive at different times or simultaneously. The first represents a realistic scenario with no knowledge regarding the tasks’ arrival. Meanwhile, the second represents a dense one, i.e., where many tasks arrive together. The evaluations show that our solution obtains better results in both cases, specially when the requisitions arrive simultaneously. Our solution improved the allocation time by around 25% on average and performed a better load distribution among hosts.
Investigation of whether people are willing to pay a premium for living in food swamps: A study of Edmonton, Canada
Authors: Tu Juan , Qiu Feng , Yang Meng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background: Extensive studies have examined how unfavorable food environments, especially food swamps (neighborhoods with oversaturated unhealthy food sources), influence people’s dietary behaviors and health. Although excess fast-food consumption may have an adverse effect on health, it also benefits consumers due to its convenience, time-saving, and affordability. Therefore, people’s preference for an unhealthy food environment is not necessarily negative. Understanding how people value or disvalue unhealthy food environment is a prerequisite for developing effective policies to promote good diet habits and improve public health. Thus, the main objective of this research is to investigate people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for living in unhealthy food environments.Methods: To attain our primary objective, we adopt spatial hedonic pricing models to examine the impact of food swamps on housing prices and estimate the corresponding WTP through an empirical analysis in Edmonton, Canada. Three different definitions are used to identify food swamps. Definition 1 considers only the high availability of unhealthy food outlets. Definition 2 adds the condition of a low level of healthy food ratio to define food swamps. Definition 3 further incorporates the criterion of low-income to define food swamps.Results: Our main finding is that people are willing to pay extra to live in a food swamp neighborhood when taking low healthy-to-unhealthy food ratio and low-income level into consideration. Specifically, a household is willing to pay a premium of C$12,309 to reside in a food swamp neighborhood with the constraints of low healthy outlets ratio and low-income level. Conclusions: Our results indicate that overall, there is a net benefit associated with residing close to food swamps. Potential reasons for the positive WTP may include the unaffordability of healthy diets, preference for better tastes, and time-saving of fast-food consumption. These findings can help policymakers evaluate the effectiveness of relevant policies and develop targeted strategies to improve the local food environment.