bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of L1 script directionality and L2 proficiency on Hanzi learning among Arabic and English learners of L2 Chinese
Authors: Zhang Haiwei , Roberts Leah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present research investigates the role of L1 script directionality and L2 proficiency on the learning of Hanzi (Chinese characters) by pre-intermediate and intermediate adult Arabic (right to left) and English (left to right) learners of L2 Chinese who studied at their home country. The tasks included reading Hanzi for pronunciation, writing Hanzi according to Pinyin and meaning, and naming pseudo-Hanzi to examine phonetic radical application skills. The results showed that (1) L1 script directionality background only predicted the performance in Hanzi writing, (2) L2 proficiency was a significant predictor in Hanzi reading and Hanzi writing, and (3) L2 proficiency interacted with L1 script directionality background in phonetic radical application skills. These findings suggest that L1 script directionality background and L2 proficiency play different roles in the development of Hanzi literacy skills and orthographic awareness. The theoretical implications for the influence of L1 writing system on L2 learning and the threshold level for the development of orthographic awareness in Hanzi, and the practical implications for Hanzi instruction are discussed.
Learning phrasal verbs in the EFL classroom: the effect of prior vocabulary knowledge and opacity
Authors: El-Dakhs Dina Abdel Salam , Sonbul Suhad , Alwazzan Rawan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough it is widely acknowledged that phrasal verbs constitute a major difficulty for language learners, only a few studies have examined how to best learn phrasal verbs in the EFL context. With the aim of addressing this gap in the literature, the current study compared the influence of different learning conditions on phrasal verb knowledge development. The 77 EFL participants were divided into two experimental groups (incidental learning vs. enhanced exposure) and a control group. While the incidental learning group read the target phrasal verbs within restaurant reviews, the enhanced exposure group had the phrasal verbs bolded and underlined in the same texts and the control group did not receive any treatment. The participants’ performance on the post-test revealed a clear advantage for enhanced exposure over incidental learning. The results also revealed a significant relationship between the participants’ prior vocabulary knowledge and their phrasal verb knowledge, and that opacity and vocabulary knowledge modulated learning gains. The results are discussed in light of the existing literature. Pedagogical implications and directions for future research are highlighted.
The use of gravity data to determine orthometric heights at the Hong Kong territories
Authors: Nsiah Ababio Albertini , Tenzer Robert 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Hong Kong Principal Datum (HKPD) is the currently adopted official geodetic vertical datum at the Hong Kong territories. The HKPD is practically realized by heights of levelling benchmarks. The HKPD heights are, however, neither normal nor orthometric. The reason is that heights of levelling benchmarks were determined from precise levelling measurements, but without involving gravity observations along levelling lines. To reduce systematic errors due to disregarding the gravity information along levelling lines, we used terrestrial and marine gravity data to interpolate gravity values at levelling benchmarks in order to compute and apply the orthometric correction to measured levelling height differences. Our results demonstrate the importance of incorporating the gravity information even for a relatively small region but characterized by a rough topography with heights of levelling benchmarks exceeding several hundreds of meters. According to our estimates, the orthometric correction reaches (and even slightly exceeds) ±2 cm, with maxima along levelling lines crossing mountain chains.
Meta-analysis of zinc feed additive on enhancement of semen quality, fertility and hatchability performance in breeder chickens
Authors: Ogbuewu Ifeanyichukwu Princewill , Mbajiorgu Christain Anayo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe incorporation of zinc in the diets of breeding chickens to enhance reproductive performance has been highlighted. However, no consensus has been reached on the effect of dietary zinc supplementation on the reproductive outcomes of breeding chickens. Therefore, the current study assessed the effects of dietary zinc supplementation on semen quality, fertility and hatchability percentage of breeding chickens using meta-analysis. Furthermore, subgroup analysis was also used to assess the effect of zinc sources (organic versus inorganic) on the reproductive outcomes of breeding chickens. A systematic search conducted on four electronic databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses yielded 521 candidate studies; 8 of the 521 studies that examined the effects of zinc supplementation on reproductive outcomes of breeding chickens met the selection criteria and were used for the meta-analysis. Outcome measures were pooled using random-effects model and expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval (CI) for each study. OpenMEE software was used for the analysis. The results indicate significant increase in semen output (SMD = 1.32 mL, 95% CI: 0.76, 1.89), sperm motility (SMD = 1.10 %, 95% CI: 0.81, 1.39), sperm concentration (SMD = 4.28 × 106/mL, 95% CI: 2.78, 5.79), live sperm percent (SMD = 0.96%, 95% CI: 0.69, 1.23) and significant reductions in percentage dead sperm (SMD = –2.80%; 95% CI: –3.43, –2.17), and abnormal sperm (SMD = –4.64%; 95% CI: –5.74, –3.53) when compared to controls, taking cognizance of heterogeneity. In contrast, zinc supplementation had no effect on fertility and hatchability percentage. The subgroup analysis results revealed that zinc sources influenced aspects of the reproductive outcomes of breeding chickens. We conclude that dietary zinc supplementation had a positive influence on reproductive outcomes of breeding chickens, but did not affect percentage fertility and hatchability.
A semi-analytical method for dynamic analysis of a rectangular plate with general boundary conditions based on FSDT
Authors: Jia Di , Gao Cong , Yang Yuliang , Pang Fuzhen , Li Haichao , Du Yuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the unified Jacobi–Ritz method (JRM) is utilized to analyze the dynamic response of rectangular plates with general boundary conditions. First, the structural energy functional is established in the framework of the first-order shear deformation theory, and the rectangular plate is divided into several equal parts according to the domain decomposition method. Then, the artificial springs are introduced to ensure the continuity of segments and diversified boundary conditions. The Jacobi orthogonal polynomials are expanded to represent the displacement field in one direction. Finally, the free and forced vibration characteristics of the rectangular plate can be obtained by utilizing the Rayleigh–Ritz method, where the Newmark-β integration method is adopted to realize the time-domain solutions for transient vibration response. The results for different structural scale parameters and various boundary conditions are presented, and the validity and accuracy of the presented method are verified by comparing the results from published literature and FEM. The results of the study can provide technical support for vibration control of the plate structure.
Nociceptive two-point discrimination acuity and body representation failure in polyneuropathy
Authors: Steenken Livia , Conde Rodrigo M. , Müller Julia K. , Escolano-Lozano Fabiola , Birklein Frank , Dimova Violeta 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Although patients’ complaints suggest polyneuropathy (PNP) and neuropathic pain, routine investigations do not always support the diagnosis. Assessing two-point-pain discrimination thresholds (2ptDT) and quantify body representation disturbances might be useful to close this diagnostic gap.

Methods
Pinprick pain and laser-heat pain perception thresholds and 2ptDT on hands, forearms, lower legs and feet were obtained in 20 PNP patients (mean age: 57.6 ± 13.9) and 20 healthy subjects (mean age: 50.6 ± 4.7 years). Body representation disturbances were assessed by self-estimating feet size and the Bath CRPS body perception disturbances questionnaire adapted for PNP.

Results
Pain perception thresholds and laser-heat pain 2ptDT were unaltered, but patients had higher pinprick pain 2ptDT then the healthy subjects. The 2ptDT for pinprick at the hands discriminate best between groups (U-test; p=0.001). Furthermore, patients estimated their feet longer than they are. In subsequent multivariate discriminant analyses, 2ptDT for pinprick pain at the hands, 2ptDT for laser-heat pain and the perception thresholds for laser-heat pain at the feet classified 85% of PNP vs. HC correctly. The combination of 2ptDT for pinprick pain at the hands, pinprick pain perception thresholds at the calves and foot length estimation differentiates painful vs. non-painful PNPs correctly in 90% of the cases.

Conclusions
Testing 2ptDT for painful pinprick stimuli at the hands and asking for foot length estimation might add to diagnostic accuracy in painful PNP.
Determinants of some Hessenberg matrices with generating functions
Authors: Leerawat Utsanee , Daowsud Katthaleeya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we derive some relationships between the determinants of some special lower Hessenberg matrices whose entries are the terms of certain sequences and the generating functions of these sequences. Moreover, our results are generalizations of the earlier results from previous researches. Furthermore, interesting examples of the determinants of some special lower Hessenberg matrices are presented.
Hallucinations of the Spanish Imaginary and the Idealized Hotel California
Authors: Sepulveda Charles A. 
Published: August 2022

Focusing on the Mission Inn and the Sherman Indian Boarding School in Riverside, this article analyzes an idealized “Hotel California” as a component of what I have called “the Spanish Imaginary.” Just as the Eagles’ song of the same name examines both the mythmaking of Southern California and the American dream, this article describes how that imaginary shapes our collective hallucinations of a time that rightfully should be mourned instead of celebrated. The Mission Inn, which opened in 1902, architecturally portrays the Spanish Imaginary and the mission themes of spirituality, hinting as well at the secular benevolence of the Mexicans and Americans who succeeded the Spanish. This article argues that the pervasive Mission Revival style of architecture that is synonymous with Southern California is a physical manifestation of the anti-Indian ideology that informed the greed and violence of European and American settlement. The newcomers eviscerated the future state’s environment, introducing a genocidal architecture that combines capitalistic culture with an historical imaginary, one that succeeded in drawing millions of settlers to California and became the embodiment of both the American dream and the American nightmare. Both continue to exert their influence: while the Sherman Indian Boarding School has moved away from its Spanish mission roots, today’s Mission Inn presents visitors with the idealized “Hotel California” version of the Golden State’s past, wrapping the reality of Indian slavery and genocide in a distinctive form of plantation nostalgia.
Perhaps no other structure in California better illustrates the colonial desires of Spain (then of Mexico, then of the United States) to “civilize” Indigenous peoples than the Sherman Indian Boarding School, whose original design illustrates the collective delusion of the Spanish Imaginary. Opening its doors in 1903, Sherman intentionally drew its design from mission architecture. The choice makes sense, given that both missions and Sherman were designed to transform Native peoples. Both utilized Native bodies for their labor. Both drew sustenance from Native peoples’ difference, and from their availability as a threatening “Other” requiring physical as well as cultural control. The Sherman Indian Boarding School provides a potent site of analysis of the ways that twentieth-century Americans used architecture to harness a mythical past and then bend it to capitalist goals. Moreover, implicating Mission Revival–style architecture in American processes of mythmaking illustrates how colonizers’ notions of race undergirded their spatial colonial logics, in ways that devalued Native peoples in the past and continue to obscure their physical and cultural persistence today.
Enteral Calcium or Phosphorus Supplementation in Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kumar Mohan , Chowdhury Ranadip , Sinha Bireshwar , Upadhyay Ravi Prakash , Chandola Temsunaro Rongsen , Mazumder Sarmila , Taneja Sunita , Bhandari Nita , Choudhary Tarun Shankar 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES
To assess effects of calcium or phosphorous supplementation compared with no supplementation in human milk-fed preterm or low birth weight infants.

METHODS
Data sources include Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline and Embase. We included Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized trials (quasi-randomized).

RESULTS
Three studies (4 reports; 162 infants) were included. At latest follow-up (38 weeks), there was reduction in osteopenia (3 studies, 159 participants, relative risk 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46–0.99). At latest follow-up (6 weeks), there was no effect on weight (1 study, 40 participants, mean difference [MD] 138.50 g, 95% CI −82.16 to 359.16); length (1 study, 40 participants, MD 0.77 cm, 95% CI −0.93 to 2.47); and head circumference (1 study, 40 participants, MD 0.33 cm, 95% CI −0.30 to 0.96). At latest follow-up, there was no effect on alkaline phosphatase (55 weeks) (2 studies, 122 participants, MD −126.11 IU/L, 95% CI −298.5 to 46.27, I2 = 73.4%); serum calcium (6 weeks) (1 study, 40 participants, MD 0.54 mg/dL, 95% CI −0.19 to 1.27); and serum phosphorus (6 weeks) (1 study, 40 participants, MD 0.07 mg/dL, 95% CI −0.22 to 0.36). The certainty of evidence ranged from very low to low. No studies reported on mortality and neurodevelopment outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS
The evidence is insufficient to determine whether enteral supplementation with calcium or phosphorus for preterm or low birth weight infants who are fed mother's own milk or donor human milk is associated with benefit or harm.
Family Involvement in the Routine Care of Hospitalized Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: North Krysten , Whelan Rachel , Folger Lian V. , Lawford Harriet , Olson Ingrid , Driker Sophie , Bass Michelle B. , Edmond Karen , Lee Anne C.C. 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants are often separated from parents during hospitalization. Our objective was to assess effects of interventions to increase family involvement in the routine newborn care of preterm or LBW infants compared with standard NICU care on infant and parental outcomes.

METHODS
Data sources include Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and World Health Organization Global Index Medicus to August 2021. The study selection included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of family involvement intervention packages. Data were extracted and pooled with random-effects models.

RESULTS
We included 15 RCTs with 5240 participants. All interventions included direct parental bedside care; packages varied with respect to additional components. Family involvement interventions decreased retinopathy of prematurity (odds ratio 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34, 0.80; 8 RCTs), length of hospital stay (mean difference [MD] −2.91 days; 95% CI: −5.15,−0.82; 11 RCTs), and parental stress and anxiety (Parental Stress Scale: MD −0.29 points, 95% CI: −0.56,−0.01, 2 RCTs; Anxiety State-Trait scale: MD −1.79, 95% CI: −3.11,−0.48; 2 RCTs). Family involvement increased weight gain velocity (MD 2.09 g/day; 95% CI: 1.27, 2.91; 3 RCTs), neurobehavioral exam scores (MD: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.21, 2.01; 2 RCTs) and predominant or exclusive breastmilk intake (odds ratio 1.34; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.65; 3 RCTs). It may decrease rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, infection, and intraventricular hemorrhage. There were no effects on mortality or necrotizing enterocolitis. Certainty of evidence ranged from low to moderate.

CONCLUSIONS
Family involvement has a beneficial role on several infant and parental outcomes.
Irradiation-dependent topology optimization of metallization grid patterns and variation of contact layer thickness used for latitude-based yield gain of thin-film solar modules
Authors: Zinßer Mario , Braun Benedikt , Helder Tim , Magorian Friedlmeier Theresa , Pieters Bart , Heinlein Alexander , Denk Martin , Göddeke Dominik , Powalla Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We show that the concept of topology optimization for metallization grid patterns of thin-film solar devices can be applied to monolithically integrated solar cells. Different irradiation intensities favor different topological grid designs as well as a different thickness of the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer. For standard laboratory efficiency determination, an irradiation power of $$1000\,\mathrm {W/m}^2$$

1000

W
/
m

2

is generally applied. However, this power rarely occurs for real-world solar modules operating at mid-latitude locations. Therefore, contact layer thicknesses and also lateral grid patterns should be optimized for lower irradiation intensities. This results in material production savings for the grid and TCO layer of up to 50 % and simultaneously a significant gain in yield of over $$1\,\%$$

1

%

for regions with a low annual mean irradiation.

Graphical Abstract
The intellectual whakapapa informing the New Zealand Drama Curriculum
Authors: O'Connor Peter , Gregorzewski Moema 
Published: August 2022

Underpinning drama education in New Zealand is the desire to improve the lives of individuals, communities and societies by catalysing embodied learning in and through the art form of theatre. Learning in drama is intended to foster well-being, social cohesion and active citizenship. Put another way, drama education in New Zealand has always been about more than training actors for the theatre stage. It has been about fostering the development of actors who engage in, on and with the world. This determination has led to the particular pedagogical and curricular response that frames how drama is taught in New Zealand.
In drama education in New Zealand we have focused for a generation on working practically to explore the nature of drama as a meaning making tool. Students not only study theatre by passively watching, they actively partake in framed fictional worlds and reflect on these embodied experiences. By engaging students in dramatic encounters, we argue drama education bears the potential to engage in critical and creative engagement with pivotal social issues in the real world (Anderson & O’Connor, 2015). The nature of the meaning making has seen a deliberate privileging of non-naturalistic forms of drama presentation and representation. Progression is understood in the curriculum as moving from exploration of narrative through imagined and social play at junior primary to understanding how to use conventions as dramatic structuring devices (Ministry of Education, 2007). This can be understood as a conventions approach (CA) to drama education. In this article we consider the pedagogical and theatre traditions that informed the New Zealand curriculum to contextualise the planned curriculum refresh in 2023.
Brachiopod outline and the importance of the logarithmic spiral
Authors: Aldridge Anthony E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo a first approximation, the logarithmic spiral is a close fit to the biconvex lateral outline of three terebratellid genera from Australasia. Investigation of spiral parameters confirms the value of the biconvex morphospace of McGhee (1980), but not the method for estimating the spiral itself. Deviations from the estimated spiral are episodic and consistent with Rudwick's (1959) observations of allometry in brachiopod growth. Morphospace location is postulated to be indicative of a species' substrate and lifestyle. The logarithmic spiral offers much opportunity for gaining better understanding of external shape and its cause in articulate brachiopods.
Доказательства вреда: опыт пациентов и медицинские стандарты в судебных решениях
Authors: Бороздина Екатерина , Ельницкий Егор , Ходоренко Дарья 
Published: August 2022

Основные тенденции современной системы здравоохранения – это стандартизация работы врачей, основанная на принципах доказательной медицины, и переход к пациентоориентированной медицинской помощи. Связь этих тенденций остается предметом дебата в социологии медицины. Часть авторов рассматривает пациентоориентированную медицинскую помощь как составляющую доказательной медицины и связанных с ней стандартов, другие утверждают, что эти принципы противоречат друг другу, а повсеместное внедрение доказательности мешает медицинским специалистам учитывать особенности опыта конкретных пациентов. Мы изучили, какую рамку для соотношения пациентоориентированности и стандартизации задает судебная практика: как особенности опыта пациента и следование парадигме доказательной медицины интерпретируются в рамках судебных разбирательств, какие прагматические последствия имеют данные интерпретации. Мы рассмотрели нормативные представления о медицинской практике и позиции пациента в системе здравоохранения, которые можно вычленить из текстов судебных решений. Мы обращаемся к судебным решениям как к документам, отражающимсовременные принципы контроля над работой медиков и имеющим практические последствия для социальных отношений в здравоохранении. В рамках исследования создана уникальная репрезентативная база данных из текстов 498 судебных решений первой инстанции по гражданским искам пациентов к медицинским организациям за 2018 г. Исследование выполнено в стратегии смешивания методов (mixed methods). Для изучения того, как стандарты доказательной медицины и внимание к опыту пациентов интерпретируются и задействуются в судебных решениях, мы осуществили анализ текстов 52 случайно отобранных документов. С помощью регрессионного анализа данных 498 решений выяснено, какие практические последствия имеют представленные в тексте интерпретации. Показаны статистически значимые связи между переменными, квантифицирующими обстоятельства конфликта между медицинскими профессионалами и пациентами, запрошенными стороной истцов суммами и решением суда о размере компенсации. С помощью качественного анализа текстов судебных решений описано, как в документах интерпретируется (не)следование медицинским стандартам и доказывается значимость вреда, причиненного потерпевшим.