bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Incidental Discovery of Caroli’s Disease in an 86-Year-Old Presenting with Cholangitis
Authors: O’Neill Robert Sean 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An 86-year-old woman developed cholangitis post-femoral nail for a left pertrochanteric fracture and was found to have multilobulated intrahepatic bile ducts and hepatic cysts communicating with intrahepatic ducts, along with polycystic kidneys on abdominal imaging consistent with Caroli’s disease. Caroli’s disease is extremely rare and presentations in the elderly population are exceedingly uncommon. Treatment is usually supportive, with biliary drainage utilised in the first instance for management of cholangitis along with antibiotic therapy. Surgical resection and liver transplantation are utilised in those with end-stage liver disease.
Spectroscopic and kinetic characterization of photogenerated charge carriers in photocatalysts
Authors: Schneider Jenny , Curti Mariano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe catastrophic consequences of increased power consumption, such as drastically rising CO2 levels, natural disasters, environmental pollution and dependence on fossil fuels supplied by countries with totalitarian regimes, illustrate the urge to develop sustainable technologies for energy generation. Photocatalysis presents eco-friendly means for fuels production via solar-to-chemical energy conversion. The conversion efficiency of a photocatalyst critically depends on charge carrier processes taking place in the ultrafast time regime. Transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) serves as a perfect tool to track those processes. The spectral and kinetic characterization of charge carriers is indispensable for the elucidation of photocatalytic mechanisms and for the development of new materials. Hence, in this review, we will first present the basics of TAS and subsequently discuss the procedure required for the interpretation of the transient absorption spectra and transient kinetics. The discussion will include specific examples for charge carrier processes occurring in conventional and plasmonic semiconductors.
Graphical abstract
Sexual Dysfunction in Women After Traumatic Pelvic Fracture Negatively Affects Quality of Life and Mental Health
Authors: Gambrah Helen A. , Hagedorn Judith C. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Johnsen Niels V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile the impact of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) on mental health and overall health-related quality of life (HrQOL) has been previously documented, no prior work has evaluated this relationship in women following traumatic pelvic injuries.AimThis study aims to understand the relationship of FSD with HrQOL and depression in women with a history of traumatic pelvic fracture.MethodsData were collected with an electronic survey that included queries regarding mental and sexual health. Inverse probability weighting and multivariate regression models were utilized to assess the relationships between sexual dysfunction, depression and HrQOL.OutcomesStudy outcome measures included the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) to evaluate sexual functioning, the 8-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-8) to assess depression symptoms, and the visual analog scale (VAS) component of the EuroQol 5 Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D) to determine self-reported HrQOL.ResultsWomen reporting FSD had significantly higher PHQ-8 scores with a median PHQ-8 score of 6 (IQR 2, 11) relative to those without FSD who had a median score of 2 (IQR 0, 2) (P &lt; .001). On multivariate linear regression, presence of FSD was significantly associated with higher PHQ-8 scores (β = 4.91, 95% CI 2.8–7.0, P &lt; .001). FSFI score, time from injury, and age were all independently associated with improved HrQOL, with FSFI having the largest effect size (β = 0.62, 95% CI 0.30–0.95, P &lt; .001).Clinical ImplicationsThese results underscore importance of addressing not just sexual health, but also mental health in female pelvic fracture survivors in the post-injury setting.Strengths and LimitationsThis study is one of the first to examine women with traumatic pelvic fractures who did not sustain concomitant urinary tract injuries. Study limitations include low response rate and the inherent limitations of a cross-sectional study design.ConclusionPatients with persistent, unaddressed FSD after pelvic fracture are at unique risk for experiencing depression and reporting worse health-related quality of life due to complex biopsychosocial mechanisms.
Solo and Partnered Sexual Behavior Among an International Sample of Adults with Spina Bifida
Authors: Hensel Devon J. , Misseri Rosalia , Wiener John S. , Roth Joshua D. , Whittam Benjamin M. , Cain Mark P. , Szymanski Konrad M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSpina bifida (SB) may differentially impact adults’ participation in solo and partnered sexual behaviors, but little research investigates this topic.AimDescribe solo and partnered sexual behaviors among an international sample of adult men and women with SB.Main Outcome MeasuresEver participated (no/yes) and recent participation (&gt;1 year ago/within last year) in solo masturbation, cuddled with a partner, held hands with a partner, kissed a partner, touched a partner's genital, had genitals touched by a partner, gave a partner oral sex, received oral sex from a partner, vaginal sex, anal sex, and sex toy use.MethodsData were drawn from a larger cross-sectional, internet-based survey assessing the sexual behaviors of an international sample of men and women with SB. We used logistic regression to examine the impact of background (gender, age, independent living, and relationship status) and health (shunt status, ambulation, and genital sensation) factors on each outcome.ResultsThe sample consisted of 345 respondents aged 18–73 years from 26 nations. Very few (&lt;3%) had no lifetime experience with any solo or partnered behaviors; 25.0% reported participating in all behaviors at some point in their lives. The median number of past year sexual behaviors (of 16 total) was 7. Lifetime and recent participation were associated with demographic and health factors.Clinical ImplicationsDespite impairment, adults with spina bifida do participate in solo and partnered sexual behaviors. Medical personnel who work with this population should include discussions about sexuality as part of routine care.Strengths & LimitationsAlthough this research measured solo and partnered sexual behavior in large international sample of adults with spina bifida, it is limited by its cross-sectional retrospective design and non-clinical convenience sample.ConclusionDespite disability, many adults with SB participate in solo and partnered sexual behavior. Medical and psychosocial supports are needed to help adults in this population enjoy sexuality in a healthy and safe manner.
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Hypersexual Behaviors Among Individuals Who have Gambled in Their Lifetimes
Authors: Rosansky Joseph A. , Borgogna Nicholas C. , Kraus Shane W. , Grubbs Joshua B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundExposure to traumatic experiences represent one factor that may contribute to the development of hypersexual behaviors.AimWe investigated the associations between posttraumatic stress symptoms and hypersexual behaviors by analyzing survey data from 2 samples.MethodThe first sample consisted of n = 585 college students, and the second consisted of n = 786 adults recruited via Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk), n = 337 of whom completed a 6-month follow-up survey. We conducted 3 hierarchical regression analyses adjusting for age, gender, sexual orientation, impulsivity, drug use, alcohol use, and gambling.OutcomesThe primary outcomes for this investigation were associations between posttraumatic stress symptoms, measured using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-IV and DSM-5 (PCL-C and PCL-5), and hypersexual behaviors, measured using the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI).ResultsA significant regression, R2 = 0.230, R2adjusted = 0.211, F (14,570) = 12.17, P &lt; .001, revealed posttraumatic stress symptoms were associated with hypersexual behaviors in the university student sample (β = 0.154). A significant regression using the MTurk sample, R2 = 0.403, R2adjusted = 0.392, F (14,771) = 37.13, P &lt; .001, confirmed this finding (β = 0.259). In addition, a significant regression, R2 = 0.562, R2adjusted = 0.541, F (15,321) = 27.42, P &lt; .001, indicated that posttraumatic stress symptoms were longitudinally associated with increased hypersexual behaviors (β = .190) after adjusting for all variables, including baseline hypersexuality.Clinical TranslationResults suggest that individuals experiencing posttraumatic stress symptoms are at increased risk for current and future hypersexual behaviors.Strengths & LimitationsThis investigation involved secondary analyses of adults who had gambled at least once in their lives and findings may not generalize to those who have never gambled. Furthermore, longitudinal findings may be impacted by selection bias (42% completion rate) and may not generalize to follow up periods longer than 6-months.ConclusionThis study provides support for the hypothesis that posttraumatic stress symptoms are associated with increased hypersexual behavior, and further research is indicated to explore the etiology and directionality of this relationship.
Late Paleozoic Evolution of the Anadarko Basin: Implications for Laurentian Tectonics and the Assembly of Pangea
Authors: Hobbs Noah. F. , van Wijk Jolante W. , Leary Ryan , Axen Gary J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInterplay between marginal and intraplate late Paleozoic tectonics in southeastern Laurentia is a subject of debate. In southern Laurentia, intraplate deformation has been attributed to combinations of compressive forces from orogenic belts in the west, southwest, and southeast. While left‐lateral transpression is generally an accepted mechanism for formation of uplifts in the Southern Oklahoma Aulacogen (SOA), to date no studies have explained the driving mechanisms of these kinematics. Here, we analyze the Southern Oklahoma Transpressional System (SOTS), a ∼500 km long ∼50 km wide fault zone that extends from the southeastern Laurentian margin into the plate interior along Cambrian lithospheric weaknesses inherited from the SOA. We use a compilation of published studies to present detailed, time‐integrated sedimentary thickness maps of SOTS‐related basins. We combine these maps with a new interpretation of three 2D seismic reflection lines to constrain timing and kinematics of all major late Paleozoic SOTS fault zones. We show that the SOTS kinematics evolved from contraction to left‐lateral strike‐slip during Mississippian‐Pennsylvanian time. Tectonic activity and fault kinematics in the SOTS are explained by a model in which a remnant ocean basin closed diachronously from northeast to southwest along the Southern Appalachian and Ouachita‐Marathon orogens. Left‐lateral transpression during diachronous closure of the Rheic oceanic basin along the Ouachita‐Marathon margin is related to rotation of the stress field due to changes in slab‐pull and eastward drift of Laurentia toward Gondwana. We speculate that the SOTS acted in part as a STEP (subduction‐transfer edge propagator) fault that followed the pre‐existing SOA.
Leveraging Governance Performance to Enhance Climate Resilience
Authors: Rölfer Lena , Abson David J. , Costa María Máñez , Rosendo Sergio , Smith Timothy F. , Celliers Louis 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnhancing the resilience of complex social‐ecological systems (SES) to climate change requires transformative changes. Yet, there are knowledge gaps on how best to achieve transformation. In this study, we present an approach for assessing governance performance in SES and identifying leverage points to ultimately enhance climate resilience. The approach combines three different methods including a capital approach framework, fuzzy cognitive mapping, and a leverage points analysis. Using a coastal case‐study in Algoa Bay, South Africa, the performance of governance processes contributing to different forms of capital is assessed. Subsequently, leverage points ‐ where a small shift may lead to transformative changes in the system as a whole ‐ are identified based on measures of centrality and performance. Results suggest that a range of leverage points can improve governance performance and therefore climate resilience in the case‐study. Leverage points include improving (a) support from the provincial government; (b) priority given to climate change in the integrated development plan; (c) frequency of collaborations; (d) participation in the implementation of climate action plans; (e) allocation of funding to climate change actions; (f) the overall level of preparedness in terms of staff with relevant expertise; (g) public awareness and understanding of climate change. The approach can also be used to analyze and model the relations and interactions between capitals. The study advances methodological and theoretical knowledge on the identification of leverage points for enabling transformations toward climate resilience and broader sustainability goals in SES.
Quantifying Radiation Belt Electron Loss Processes at L < 4
Authors: Claudepierre S. G. , Ma Q. , Bortnik J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a comprehensive analysis of the processes that lead to quasilinear pitch‐angle‐scattering loss of electrons from the L < 4 region of the Earth's inner magnetosphere during geomagnetically quiet times. We consider scattering via Coulomb collisions, hiss waves, lightning‐generated whistler (LGW) waves, waves from ground‐based very‐low‐frequency (VLF) transmitters, and electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves. The amplitude, frequency, and wave normal angle spectra of these waves are parameterized with empirical wave models, which are then used to compute pitch‐angle diffusion coefficients. From these coefficients, we estimate the decay timescales, or lifetimes, of 30 keV to 4 MeV electrons and compare the results with timescales obtained from in‐situ observations. We demonstrate good quantitative agreement between the two over most of the L and energy range under investigation. Our analysis suggests that the electron decay timescales are very sensitive to the choice of plasmaspheric density model. At L < 2, where our theoretical lifetimes do not agree well with the observations, we show that including Coulomb energy drag (ionization energy loss) in our calculations significantly improves the quantitative agreement with the observed decay timescales. We also use an accurate model of the geomagnetic field to provide an estimate of the effect that the drift‐loss cone has on the theoretically calculated electron lifetimes, which are usually obtained using an axisymmetric dipole field.
Phase‐Resolved Modeling of Wave Interference and Its Effects on Nearshore Circulation in a Large Ebb Shoal‐Beach System
Authors: Zhang Yu , Shi Fengyan , Kirby James T. , Feng Xi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA time‐domain Boussinesq model was applied to modeling wave interference and its effects on nearshore circulation in San Francisco Bar and the adjacent Ocean Beach, CA. The model predicted the wave interference phenomena caused by the ebb shoal, with interference scales consistent with the radar observation and are persistent with nodal lines unchanged with time. Nearshore circulation predicted by the model shows small‐scale flow structures tied with the wave modulation patterns. However, the small‐scale modulation in the wave field seems not to generate alongshore variation in wave setup at similar scales. Therefore, in a large‐scale view, the alongshore currents predicted by the Boussinesq model still keep the general features shown in a wave‐averaged model, such as the flow divergence caused by the pressure gradient force associated with the alongshore variation of wave setup. The further analysis based on idealized short crest waves on a plane beach suggests that the alongshore pressure gradient is mainly balanced by the gradient of radiation stresses in the antinodal region, while by the flow advection in the nodal region. The rip current behavior is forced locally near breakers, rather than by gradients in wave setup close to shore. The time‐domain Boussinesq model predicted the spatial variability of wave‐induced processes. The alongshore‐varying wave breakers caused by wave interference are the source of the vorticity generation, inducing energetic vortex eddies nearshore.
Partially‐Saturated Brines Within Basal Ice or Sediments Can Explain the Bright Basal Reflections in the South Polar Layered Deposits
Authors: Stillman D. E. , Pettinelli E. , Lauro S. E. , Mattei E. , Caprarelli G. , Cosciotti B. , Primm K. M. , Orosei R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStrong radar reflections have been previously mapped at the base of the Martian South Polar Layered Deposits. Here, we analyze laboratory measurements of dry and briny samples to determine the cause of this radar return. We find that liquid vein networks consisting of brines at the grain boundaries of ice crystals can greatly enhance the electrical conductivity, thereby causing strong radar reflections. A brine concentration of 2.7–6.0 vol% in ice is sufficient to match the electrical properties of the basal reflection as observed by Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding (MARSIS). When brine is mixed with sediments, the brine‐ice mixture in the pores must be 2–5 times more concentrated in salt, increasing the brine concentration to 6.3–29 vol%. Our best fit of the median observed MARSIS value suggests a salt‐bulk sample concentration of ∼6 wt%. Thus, salt enhancement mechanisms on the order of a magnitude greater than the Phoenix landing site are needed. To form brine, the basal reflector must reach a temperature greater than the eutectic temperature of calcium perchlorate of 197.3 ± 0.2 K, which may be possible if more complex thermal modeling is assumed. Colder metastable brines are possible, but stability over millions of years remains unclear. Conversely, gray hematite with a concentration of 33.2–59.0 vol% possess electrical properties that could cause the observed radar returns, but require concentrations 2–3 times larger than anywhere currently detected. We also argue that brines mixed with high‐surface‐area sediments, or dry red hematite, jarosite, and ilmenite cannot create the observed radar returns at low temperatures.
Signaling pathways and therapeutic interventions in gastric cancer
Authors: Lei Zi-Ning , Teng Qiu-Xu , Tian Qin , Chen Wei , Xie Yuhao , Wu Kaiming , Zeng Qianlin , Zeng Leli , Pan Yihang , Chen Zhe-Sheng , He Yulong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) ranks fifth in global cancer diagnosis and fourth in cancer-related death. Despite tremendous progress in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies and significant improvements in patient survival, the low malignancy stage is relatively asymptomatic and many GC cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, which leads to unsatisfactory prognosis and high recurrence rates. With the recent advances in genome analysis, biomarkers have been identified that have clinical importance for GC diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Modern molecular classifications have uncovered the vital roles that signaling pathways, including EGFR/HER2, p53, PI3K, immune checkpoint pathways, and cell adhesion signaling molecules, play in GC tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic responsiveness. These biomarkers and molecular classifications open the way for more precise diagnoses and treatments for GC patients. Nevertheless, the relative significance, temporal activation, interaction with GC risk factors, and crosstalk between these signaling pathways in GC are not well understood. Here, we review the regulatory roles of signaling pathways in GC potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets with an emphasis on recent discoveries. Current therapies, including signaling-based and immunotherapies exploited in the past decade, and the development of treatment for GC, particularly the challenges in developing precision medications, are discussed. These advances provide a direction for the integration of clinical, molecular, and genomic profiles to improve GC diagnosis and treatments.
Mortality by ribosomal sequencing (MoRS) provides a window into taxon-specific cell lysis
Authors: Zhong Kevin Xu , Wirth Jennifer F , Chan Amy M , Suttle Curtis A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microbes are by far the dominant biomass in the world’s oceans and drive biogeochemical cycles that are critical to life on Earth. The composition of marine microbial communities is highly dynamic, spatially and temporally, with consequent effects on their functional roles. In part, these changes in composition result from viral lysis, which is taxon-specific and estimated to account for about half of marine microbial mortality. Here, we show that extracellular ribosomal RNA (rRNAext) is produced by viral lysis, and that specific lysed populations can be identified by sequencing rRNAext recovered from seawater samples. In ten seawater samples collected at five depths between the surface and 265 m during and following a phytoplankton bloom, lysis was detected in about 15% of 16,946 prokaryotic taxa, identified from amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), with lysis occurring in up to 34% of taxa within a water sample. The ratio of rRNAext to cellular rRNA (rRNAcell) was used as an index of taxon-specific lysis, and revealed that higher relative lysis was most commonly associated with copiotrophic bacteria that were in relatively low abundance, such as those in the genera Escherichia and Shigella spp., as well as members of the Bacteriodetes; whereas, relatively low lysis was more common in taxa that are often relatively abundant, such as members of the Pelagibacterales (i.e., SAR11 clade), cyanobacteria in the genus Synechococcus, and members of the phylum Thaumarchaeota (synonym, Nitrososphaerota) that comprised about 13–15% of the 16 S rRNA gene sequences below 30 m. These results provide an explanation for the long-standing conundrum of why highly productive bacteria that are readily isolated from seawater are often in very low abundance. The ability to estimate taxon-specific cell lysis will help explore the distribution and abundance of microbial populations in nature.
CircRNF144B/miR-342-3p/FBXL11 axis reduced autophagy and promoted the progression of ovarian cancer by increasing the ubiquitination of Beclin-1
Authors: Song Wenting , Zeng Zhirui , Zhang Yilei , Li Haili , Cheng Huimin , Wang Jun , Wu Fengrui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) can regulate autophagy and ovarian cancer (OC) progression. However, autophagy-associated circRNAs involved in OC progression are largely unknown. Bioinformatics, RNA sequencing, and qRT-PCR were conducted to detect circRNF144B expression in OC as well as its relationship with patient prognosis. Functional experiments were used to determine the effects of circRNF144B on the proliferation, mobility and autophagy of OC. Double luciferase reporter assays, immunoprecipitation, and ubiquitination detection were performed to determine the molecular mechanisms of circRNF144B in autophagy and OC progression. CircRNF144B was elevated in OC tissues with low autophagy levels, and associated with poor prognosis. CircRNF144B promoted the malignant biological properties of OC cells, and inhibited the autophagy. Mechanistically, circRNF144B acts as a sponge for miR-342-3p and inhibits miR-342-3p-induced degradation of lysine demethylase 2 A (FBXL11) mRNA, leading to elevated FBXL11 protein levels. Elevated FBXL11 promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of Beclin-1, thus inhibiting autophagy. In conclusion, CircRNF144B increased FBXL11 level by sponging miR-342-3p, whereas elevated FBXL11 promoted the ubiquitination and protein degradation of Beclin-1, thus suppressing autophagy flux and promoting OC progression. Thus, circRNF144B may be an effective target for OC therapy.