bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serious health threat of mucormycosis during the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic: what dermatologists need to know in this regard
Authors: Hatami Parvaneh , Balighi Kamran , Nicknam Asl Hamed , Aryanian Zeinab 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecently, a surge of mucormycosis in patients affected with or recovered from SARS‐Cov‐2 has been noted, especially in developing countries such as India, Pakistan, and Iran.AimTo focus on existing data about the important aspects of COVID‐associated mucormycosis.MethodsWe searched on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus in this regard, and all of the relevant papers published until August 28, 2021, for which we could access their full‐texts, were included.ResultsWe found some recommendations made by ophthalmologists, anesthesiologists, and ENT surgeons and tried to summarize them to provide a practical guide for dermatologists.ConclusionCareful examination and clinical suspicion are the key factors for correct diagnosis especially in patients affected by or recently recovered from COVID. Implementing some preventive measures such as using a titrated dose of corticosteroids and encouraging patients to get vaccinated should be considered to tackling this serious issue.
Clinical features, histology, and treatment outcomes of granular parakeratosis: a systematic review
Authors: Ip Ken Hiu‐Kan , Li Angela 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundGranular parakeratosis is a rare disorder characterized by erythematous‐brown hyperkeratotic papules and erythematous patches with scaling, occurring predominantly in the flexures and sites of occlusion. While the exact underlying pathogenesis remains unknown, there has been a wide variety of precipitating factors and treatment options reported in the literature.ObjectiveWe systematically reviewed and identified precipitants of granular parakeratosis, as well as its clinical and histologic features and treatment outcomes.MethodA comprehensive literature search was conducted using MEDLINE and Embase in March 2021.ResultsA total of 60 studies with 129 patients were included for analysis. An inciting factor was identified in 53.4%, the most common being topical agents including zinc oxide (17.1%), deodorant/antiperspirant (15.5%), and those containing benzalkonium chloride (7.0%). The majority presented with bilateral (68.2%) eruption of hyperkeratotic papules or erythematous patches and plaques, most frequently involving the axilla (56.5%). The prevailing histologic feature was retained keratohyalin granules within the stratum corneum in punch biopsy (97.2%) and curette (100%) specimens. Treatment options with reported success ranged from topical corticosteroids and systemic antibiotics to surgical interventions.ConclusionWe provide a systematic review of reported precipitants, clinical features, and treatment options that clinicians should consider when granular parakeratosis is considered.
Constructing Flexible, Identifiable and Interpretable Statistical Models for Binary Data
Authors: Scharf Henry R. , Lu Xinyi , Williams Perry J. , Hooten Mevin B. 
Published: January 2022

SummaryBinary regression models are ubiquitous in virtually every scientific field. Frequently, traditional generalised linear models fail to capture the variability in the probability surface that gives rise to the binary observations, and remedial methods are required. This has generated a substantial literature composed of binary regression models motivated by various applications. We describe an organisation of generalisations to traditional binary regression methods based on the familiar three‐part structure of generalised linear models (random component, systematic component and link function). This perspective facilitates both the comparison of existing approaches and the development of flexible models with interpretable parameters that capture application‐specific data‐generating mechanisms. We use our proposed organisational structure to discuss concerns with certain existing models for binary data based on quantile regression. We then use the framework to develop and compare several binary regression models tailored to occupancy data for European red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris).
Probiotic properties of yeasts in traditional fermented foods and beverages
Authors: Tamang Jyoti Prakash , Lama Sonam 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The interest in potentiality and functionality of probiotic yeasts from fermented foods has increased drastically over the years. In many fermented foods and beverages, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts exist synergistically by stimulating their growth and survival. Probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria are more widely studied than potential probiotic yeasts. Saccharomyces cerevisiae variety boulardii is the only commercialized probiotic yeast, which are extensively studied. This review article provides information on the presence of potential probiotic yeasts in some traditional fermented foods and beverages.
Pantropical diversification of padauk trees and relatives was influenced by biome‐switching and long‐distance dispersal
Authors: Schley Rowan J. , Qin Ming , Vatanparast Mohammad , Malakasi Panagiota , de la Estrella Manuel , Lewis Gwilym P. , Klitgård Bente B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimPhenotypes promoting dispersal over ecological timescales may have macroevolutionary consequences, such as long‐distance dispersal and diversification. However, whether dispersal traits explain the distribution of pantropical plant groups remains unclear. Here we reconstruct the biogeographical history of a tree clade to assess whether seed dispersal traits and biome‐switching explain the clade’s pantropical distribution.LocationPantropical.TaxonThe Pterocarpus clade (Leguminosae/Fabaceae).MethodsWe sequenced 303 nuclear loci using target capture and generated a time‐calibrated phylogenomic tree. We also generated a corroborative time‐calibrated phylogenetic tree from data‐mined Sanger‐sequencing data. We then collated distribution data and seed dispersal morphology traits to compare trait‐dependent and trait‐independent biogeographical models, allowing us to infer whether dispersal traits influenced Pterocarpus’ spatio‐temporal evolution. Finally, using the results of these model tests, we estimated the ancestral ranges and biomes of Pterocarpus species to better understand their biogeographical history, and assessed the degree and direction of biome‐switching over the course of their diversification.ResultsWe recovered well‐supported phylogenetic relationships within Pterocarpus, within which there were two subclades – one neotropical and the other palaeotropical. Our divergence date estimates suggested that Pterocarpus diversified from around 12 Ma, during the Miocene. Trait‐dependent biogeographical models were rejected for both range and biome evolution within Pterocarpus, but models including dispersal were supported. Pterocarpus’ ancestral node shared a range across the new‐world and old‐world tropics, followed by divergence into palaeotropical and neotropical clades. Biome‐switching occurred most frequently into rainforest and grassland.Main conclusionsOur analyses suggest that Pterocarpus underwent infrequent cross‐continental dispersal and establishment into novel biomes. While this was minimally impacted by seed dispersal traits, biome‐switching following long‐distance dispersal and climate change have played an important role in diversification within Pterocarpus since the Miocene. Indeed, rare events of long‐distance dispersal likely explain the wide distributions of many pantropical plant species.
Are invasive species promoting yellowjacket invasion in Patagonia?
Authors: Masciocchi Maité , Villacide José M. , Buteler Micaela , Martínez Andrés S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, yellowjacket wasps, including Vespula vulgaris, have successfully been established in Patagonia. Additionally, the invasive willow Salix fragilis has also invaded areas next to watercourses, which in turn are typically colonized by the giant willow aphid (GWA, Tuberolagnus salignus), another invasive species. The honeydew exuded by the aphids has been reported to be used as a carbohydrate source by this social wasp. Our aim was to determine whether willows and GWA (invasive complex) on the stream shores promotes yellowjacket population growth. We worked under the hypothesis that GWA provides honeydew (i.e. carbohydrates) to yellowjackets, favouring nest growth and individual fitness. Our results indicate that habitats close (<200 m) to stream margins, where S. fragilis and GWA occur, contain not only a greater abundance of workers but also a higher nest density of V. vulgaris yellowjackets. Even though the nests were similar in size irrespective of the distance to the stream, weight, size and nutritional status of individuals suggest that foraging/nesting in proximity of the invasive complex promotes larger and better nurtured wasps, including reproductive castes, that in the long run could drive population growth and spread of the species in Patagonia. In this context, our study suggests that management of V. vulgaris populations should adopt strategies that encompass a broad approach, especially adopting new strategies designed to contemplate relevant multitrophic interactions between yellowjackets and invasive willows and aphids.
In vivo characterization of the threshold of laser‐induced optical breakdown (LIOB) of a fractional 1064 nm Nd:YAG picosecond laser by optical coherence tomography: A step forward to precision laser therapy
Authors: Wang Chao‐Chin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundClinical endpoints serve as an important guide to physicians during laser treatment. However, there are no reliable clinical endpoints for the fractional picosecond laser‐induced optical breakdown (LIOB) whose threshold is dependent on the irradiance of the laser and epidermal melanin content of the skin treated.ObjectivesTo determine the LIOB threshold in vivo of a 1064nm fractional picosecond laser for different skin colors.MethodsA cellular‐level resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) has successfully demonstrated that the in vivo morphological change of LIOB in the epidermis by a fractional picosecond laser. By measuring the melanin content in the area of the skin to treat using a skin imaging device, the physician would therefore be able to determine the threshold of LIOB visually under OCT for the skin of that particular melanin content.ConclusionThe pilot study has demonstrated that OCT may serve as a non‐invasive modality to determine the thresholds of LIOB by a fractional picosecond laser. And the established correlation between melanin content and LIOB threshold in this pilot study may further guide physicians, that is, physicians may be able to predict the threshold of LIOB, without having to see the clinical endpoints, by simple measurement of melanin content of the skin to treat preoperatively.
Effects of some cosmetic dyes and pigments on the proliferation of human foreskin fibroblasts and cellular oxidative stress; potential cytotoxicity of chlorophyllin and indigo carmine on fibroblasts
Authors: Pasdaran Ardalan , Azarpira Negar , Heidari Reza , Nourinejad Simin , Zare Maryam , Hamedi Azadeh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionFibroblasts and fibroblast‐like cells (FLCs) are highly distributed in the dermis layer of the skin and gastrointestinal tract. A few studies have investigated the effects of color additives of cosmetic products on human fibroblasts. Therefore, this in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effects of 9 synthetic and natural dyes (indigo carmine, carmine, sunset yellow, tropaeolin, acid green 25, chlorophyllin, tartrazine, lissamine, and amaranth) on human foreskin fibroblast cells.MethodsMTT assay was applied to investigate the effects of dyes on human normal fibroblast cells. For investigating the possible mechanism of cytotoxicity, the effect of dyes was evaluated on parameters of cellular oxidative stress including lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as lactate dehydrogenase.ResultsIn the MTT assay, a significant reduction (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in the viability of fibroblast cells by chlorophyllin and indigo carmine at concentrations higher than 10 and 100 (μg/ml), respectively. Acid green 25 caused a significant reduction at very high concentrations (1000 and 2000 μg/ml), which was not toxic. The effect of other investigated dyes was not significant on the fibroblasts. A trend in increased cell proliferation by amaranth and carmine was observed, but this enhancement was not statistically significant. No significant changes were observed in lipid peroxidation or lactate dehydrogenase. Chlorophyllin caused a significant increase in the production of cellular ROS.ConclusionsIndigo carmine and chlorophyllin had cytotoxicity on human fibroblasts, and thus, further studies are required on their safety of use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Efficacy of handheld iontophoresis device in enhancing transdermal vitamin C delivery: A split‐face clinical trial
Authors: Yan Chadakan , Ng Janice Natasha C. , Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe stratum corneum of the epidermis is the principal barrier in topical drug delivery. Currently, iontophoresis is incorporated in dermatology management to increase transdermal drug delivery.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of handheld iontophoresis device in enhancing transdermal vitamin C delivery.MethodsThis was a prospective split‐face clinical trial with a total of 24 subjects, who presented with photoaging skin. All subjects were treated with the handheld iontophoresis device on the left side of their face, twice a week for 8 weeks. Primary outcomes were the improvement in pore tightening and skin hydration. Evaluations were done at baseline, 2‐, 4‐, 6‐, and 8‐week follow‐up. Subjects' self‐improvement scores and adverse reactions were also recorded.ResultsOut of 24 subjects, 17 (70.8%) completed the study protocol. Pore tightening in the iontophoresis group had significant improvement at 2‐ and 8‐week follow‐up when compared to the baseline (p = 0.019 and 0.026). Skin hydration on the iontophoresis group improved significantly at 4‐week follow‐up when compared to the baseline (p = 0.024). In the iontophoresis group, an image of the skin captured using Visioscan® showed improvement of skin texture and pore tightening at 8‐week follow‐up. Majority of the subjects in the iontophoresis group scored good improvement at 2‐, 4‐, and 6‐week follow‐up (41.7%, 29.2%, and 45.8%) when compared to the baseline. No adverse reactions were recorded.ConclusionThe handheld iontophoresis device is safe and can be used as an adjunctive home treatment in enhancing transdermal vitamin C delivery.
Abdominal body shaping using StarFormer high‐intensity magnetic stimulation—A case series
Authors: Valdivia Roberto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic stimulation of muscles has become a popular method for muscle toning and strengthening.AimsThe aim of this case series was to investigate safety and effectiveness of a novel magnetic stimulation device.MethodsThe patients received 10 sessions of high‐intensity magnetic stimulation of their abdominal muscles. Change in muscle tone was determined by anonymous evaluation of photographs and using patient satisfaction questionnaires before treatment and 10 weeks following the last treatment session. Weight and waist circumference were also measured before treatment and at the 10‐week follow‐up.ResultsBlinded evaluation of photographs has shown improvement of the appearance of abdominal muscles. Patient satisfaction was high. The patients also experienced a reduction in their waist circumference, while their weight did not significantly change.ConclusionsThe treatment using the StarFormer® high‐intensity magnetic stimulation is an effective and noninvasive method for abdominal body shaping, which is safe and comfortable to the patients and results in high patient satisfaction and an objective improvement in abdominal body shape appearance.
Optimising health care for people living with chronic kidney disease: Health‐professional perspectives
Authors: Fildes Karen , Stefoska‐Needham Anita , Atkinson Josie , Lambert Kelly , Lee Anna , Pugh Debbie , Smyth Mikki , Turner Rebecca , Wallace Samantha , Nealon Jessica 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeople with chronic kidney disease are often multimorbid and have complex psychosocial needs. For health professionals to deliver holistic, person‐centred care to individuals and their carers living with this multifaceted disease, they are required to communicate complex information and problem solve in a multifactorial health and disease context.ObjectivesTo explore the perspectives and experiences of tertiary care multidisciplinary team members and primary care providers of health care to people with chronic kidney disease; identify opportunities to innovate and improve the coordinated delivery of health services.DesignThe qualitative study design used purposive sampling to recruit 39 health professionals, working in the primary and tertiary sector in a regional Australian health district. Participants included general practitioners, renal and general practice nurses, dietitians, nephrologists and social workers.ApproachThe data were collected through semistructured interviews and analysed using a relativist ontological position and directed content analysis approach. Analysis of interviews was undertaken by three independent researchers and key themes were derived via consensus.Findings and ConclusionsA common goal to deliver person‐centred individualised care was evident among health care professionals. However a deficit in shared understanding of the disease within and between disciplines was identified. The complex nature of chronic kidney disease requires up‐skilling of health professionals to ensure patient education is targeted to individual health contexts and motivates self‐management. Improved communication and comprehension might best be achieved across disciplines with an integrated approach to delivery of primary health care to individuals living with early‐stage kidney disease.
Demand for social interactions: Evidence from the restaurant industry during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Wang Binzhe , Williams Matias , Duarte Fábio , Zheng Siqi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe study the heterogeneous impacts of COVID‐19 on restaurants in the postlockdown United States, from lens of social interactions. We use the data structure of chain restaurants to disentangle restaurant attributes such as food and service types (which vary across chains) and local market conditions such as infection risks (which vary with each establishment's geographical location). We find that visits to chains with higher social indices experienced larger drops as local new cases increased in 2020, but also faster recovery later when vaccination programs expanded. Moreover, demand for restaurants in city centers recovered faster than demand for those in suburbs.
Impact of justice‐related dispositions on support for cyber vigilantism: The mediating effect of perceived severity of transgression
Authors: Tan Wei Liang , Khader Majeed 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe prevalence of cyber vigilantism during this COVID‐19 pandemic is an imminent issue that warrants our attention. However, there is a dearth of research regarding cyber vigilantism, especially from a personality perspective. Therefore, the current study aims to address this gap by examining the impact of justice‐related dispositions such as legal authoritarianism and observer sensitivity on support for cyber vigilantism. Additionally, perceived severity of transgression was examined as a potential mediator. A total of 647 Singaporean participants (Mage = 23.16 years, SDage = 4.97) completed an anonymous online survey. Mediation analysis revealed an indirect effect: Perceived severity of transgression served as a mediator in the path between justice‐related dispositions (i.e. legal authoritarianism and observer sensitivity) and support for cyber vigilantism, whereas there was no significant direct effect of justice‐related dispositions on support for cyber vigilantism. The overall model predicted support for cyber vigilantism modestly, accounting for approximately three per cent of the variance. Findings of this study have theoretical implications that may be beneficial for both academics and law enforcement.
Alcohol‐related hepatitis admissions increased 50% in the first months of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the USA
Authors: Gonzalez Humberto C. , Zhou Yueren , Nimri Faisal M. , Rupp Loralee B. , Trudeau Sheri , Gordon Stuart C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEarly reports suggest that alcohol misuse increased in 2020 as a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Using retrospective data from Henry Ford Health System in Detroit MI—an area that experienced an early and severe COVID‐19 outbreak—we investigated the impact of the pandemic on alcohol‐related liver disease (ARLD) in the summer of 2020 compared with the same period in 2016‐2019. Both the number of ARLD admissions and the proportion of total admissions represented by ARLD patients increased significantly in 2020 compared with previous years. The number of ARLD admissions as a proportion of all hospitalizations was 50% higher in 2020 than in 2016‐2019 (0.31% vs 0.21%; P = .0013); by September 2020, the number of admissions was 66% higher than previous years. Despite racial and geographical disparities in direct and indirect COVID‐related stressors across the Detroit metropolitan area, the demographic profile of ARLD patients did not change compared with previous years.
Fairness principles for insurance contracts in the presence of default risk
Authors: Coculescu Delia , Delbaen Freddy 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe use the theory of cooperative games for the design of fair insurance contracts. An insurance contract needs to specify the premium to be paid and a possible participation in the benefit (or surplus) of the company. We suppose that a convex commonotonic premium functional is used to value the aggregated liability of the insurance company. It results from the analysis that when a contract is exposed to the default risk of the insurance company, ex‐ante equilibrium considerations require a certain participation in the benefit of the company to be specified in the contracts. The fair benefit participation of agents appears as an outcome of a game involving the residual risks induced by the default possibility and using fuzzy coalitions.
Confession in the Desert: Jean‐Luc Marion and the Vita of St. Mary of Egypt
Authors: Roumas Sarah N. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Vita Mariae Aegyptiae of Sophronius of Jerusalem, a hagiography adopted into the Byzantine liturgical year, has received little scholarly attention to date. This article analyzes the Vita through Jean‐Luc Marion’s thought, revealing the nature of the relationships between Mary and Zosimas and recasting the Eucharistic theology of the narrative in Marion’s terms of givenness (donation). The Vita is presented with an eye to its phenomenological narrative envelope and its interpersonal relations placed in Marion’s framework of the self‐other‐God triple doubled relationship. The Vita, narrating the relationship between a monk and a saintly woman, adds to Marion’s thought the picture of conversion taking place via a face‐to‐face confessio relationship narrated for the nameless alii. Further, the Vita’s treatment of the Eucharist places Marion’s twin concepts of sacrifice and givenness within a liturgical framework which completes the confessio, while Mary herself plays a feminine role challenging Marion’s understanding of the father.