bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in the microbiota of oral rinse, lesion, and normal site samples from patients with mucosal abnormalities on the tongue
Authors: Shitozawa Yawaka , Haro Kaoru , Ogawa Midori , Miyawaki Akihiko , Saito Mitsumasa , Fukuda Kazumasa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The oral microbiota associated with mucosal diseases, including oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders, have been extensively analyzed at the phylum and genus levels. However, the details of the oral microbiota remain unclear at the species and operational taxonomic unit (OTU) levels. We aimed to determine differences in the microbiota of oral rinse, lesion, and normal site samples of patients with mucosal abnormalities on the tongues. Oral samples were obtained from 10 patients with oral mucosal abnormalities. Alpha and beta diversity at the OTU and genus levels of the microbiota samples were analyzed using OTUs clustered with 99.6% similarity based on 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained using the Sanger method. At the OTU level, the microbiota of the lesions were the least diverse but were different from those of the normal site and oral rinse samples. The OTUs corresponding to Streptococcus infantis, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, and Prevotella scopos were suggested to contribute to the differences between the microbiota of the lesions and normal sites. At the genus level, no significant differences between these microbiota were observed. In conclusion, strict OTU-level microbiota analysis might be able to discriminate lesions from normal sites of patients with mucosal abnormalities.
Effect of dietary substitution of maize with banana pseudostem on performance and economics of crossbred grower pigs
Authors: Baruah Kishore Kumar , Khargharia Gautam , Deori Sourabh , Kadirvel Govindasamy , Doley Sunil , Baruah Anubha , Abedin Sayed Nabil , Sen Arnab , Baruah Kishore Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Forty eight (48) Hampshire crossbred grower pigs (24 females and 24 males) with 75% inheritance were randomly divided into four (4) groups for the experiment. The pigs were allotted to 4 compounded dietary treatments, replacing maize with dried banana pseudostem powder by 0% (T0), 10% (T1), 20% (T2) and 30% (T3) in the ration. By modifying the amounts of maize with banana pseudostem, all compounded diets were rendered isonitrogenous and isocalorie. Results indicated significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the total body weight gain and average daily gain (ADG) in both male and female crossbred pigs, fed with ration replacing 20% maize with banana pseudostem in comparison to the other groups. The performances of the both female and male pigs were significantly (p < 0.05) lower when dietary levels of banana pseudostem were increased up to 30% in place of maize in the ration. The feed cost/kg live weight gain in 20% replacement group was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the control group in both the sexes. Blood biochemical parameters in both the sexes did not differ significantly (p > 0.05), irrespective of different dietary treatments. In conclusion, crossbred pigs can tolerate up to 20% dietary substitution of maize with banana pseudostem in the ration without compromising their growth, blood biochemical parameters, reproductive performances and carcass quality.
Can we hit prenatal depression and anxiety through HIIT? The effectiveness of online high intensity interval training on depressive symptoms, fear of childbirth, fear of coronavirus, and perception of quality of life in pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic – a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wilczyńska Dominika , Walczak-Kozłowska Tamara , Radzimiński Łukasz , Oviedo-Caro Miguel Ángel , Santos-Rocha Rita , Szumilewicz Anna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: In recent years high intensity interval training (HIIT) has grown in popularity, however it rarely represent training interventions in experimental studies in pregnant populations so far. Therefore, in this study we aimed at assessing the changes in depressive symptoms, fear of childbirth, fear of Covid-19, quality of life after an 8-week supervised online HIIT program, compared to an educational (self-performed physical activity) program. Methods: We conducted a randomized control trial among 54 Caucasian women in uncomplicated, singleton pregnancy (age 32 ± 4 years, 22 ± 4 week of gestation; mean ± SD). There were 34 women in the experimental group, who participated in an 8-week high intensity interval training program (HIIT group). The comparative group was constituted of 20 pregnant women who attended 8-week educational program (EDU group). Results: The most important finding was that after intervention the mental health improved somewhat in both groups, but only in the HIIT group the improvement was statistically significant. The positive trends in lowering the severity of depressive symptoms, fear of childbirth, and fear of Covid-19 were observed in both groups, however the positive response to the intervention was stronger in the EDU group. As secondary outcome, there was a significant decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness level in the EDU group, while the HIIT group maintained unchanged level of maximal oxygen uptake. Conclusions: HIIT can be recommended for women with uncomplicated pregnancies to prevent depression and anxiety symptoms. However, more research is needed to determine the effectiveness of prenatal HIIT in pregnant women in various psychological conditions.Trial registration: We conducted this study in Poland, in 2021. It was approved by the Bioethics Commission at the District Medical Chamber in Gdansk (KB - 8/21). The full study protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05009433).
Simulation of actual evapotranspiration and evaluation of three complementary relationships in three parallel river basins
Authors: Jiang Yongshan , Liu Zhaofei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Based on observed precipitation and runoff data, monthly actual evapotranspiration (ETa) was calculated by the hydrological budget balance method in the three parallel river basins. The performance of three developed complementary relationship methods, the nonlinear advection-aridity (non-AA) method, generalized complementary relationship method (B2015), and sigmoid generalized complementary function (H2018), on simulating ETa were evaluated. The evaluation results showed that three methods were able to accurately simulate monthly ETa series. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient between the monthly ETa simulated by the non-AA, B2015, and H2018 methods and the water-balance-derived ETa were 0.74, 0.78, and 0.79, respectively. The correlation coefficient were 0.84, 0.89, and 0.90, respectively. And the root mean square errors were 10.76 mm mon− 1, 10.01 mm mon− 1, and 9.78 mm mon− 1, respectively. The ETa increased spatially from upstream region to downstream region at catchment scale. Annual ETa simulated by the non-AA, B2015 and H2018 models showed significant increasing trends during 1956–2018 in the basins, with the increasing magnitudes of 1.53 mm/a, 1.66 mm/a and 1.47 mm/a, respectively. Research on the influence between meteorological factors and ETa showed that there was a positive correlation between ETa and precipitation, temperature, wind and sunshine hours, with the average correlation coefficient of 0.40、0.64、0.63 and 0.72, respectively. The value between ETa and relative humidity was − 0.38. The ETa in the basins was highly sensitive to temperature, wind speed and sunshine hours, with the average sensitivity coefficient of 0.26, 0.21 and 0.27, respectively. And moderately sensitive to relative humidity, with a sensitivity of -0.18.
Muscle impairment and nusinersen affect variability in patients with spinal muscular atrophy type 2 and 3: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shimizu-Motohashi Yuko , Chiba Emiko , Mizuno Katsuhiro , Yajima Hiroyuki , Ishiyama Akihiko , Takeshita Eri , Sato Noriko , Oba Mari , Sasaki Masayuki , Ito Shuichi , Komaki Hirofumi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUNDReal-world data have shown variability in treatment responses to nusinersen in patients with 5q spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). It could be hypothesized that the degree of muscle impairment may confer to the drug response variability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful tool to identify muscle involvement patterns in SMA; therefore, we investigated whether the magnitude of muscle involvement assessed by MRI at baseline can predict the change in gross motor function after the initiation of nusinersen treatment.RESULTSWe retrospectively assessed the clinical outcome of our treated cohort, in relevance to the thigh and pelvic MRI taken before the nusinersen treatment. A total of 16 patients with SMA types 2 and 3 (age = mean (SD); 9.2 (4.6) year) receiving nusinersen treatment were enrolled in the study. Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale-Expanded (HFMSE) was assessed to observe the change in motor function. The T1-weighted MR images of the pelvis and thigh were scored for muscle fatty infiltration and atrophy, and the interrater reliabilities of MR image evaluation were verified in all 16 images. The minimally clinically important difference (MCID) was considered as gaining at least 3 points of HFMSE from baseline. Of these 16 individuals, 14 had been treated for at least 15 months and had baseline data. At 15 months, seven individuals obtained MCID in HFMSE, and seven did not. Baseline muscle MRI score could not differentiate the two groups; however, individuals who obtained MCID had significantly less severe scoliosis. In addition, there was a significant and negative relationship between baseline MRI score and the change of score in HFMSE after 15 months of treatment. Further, baseline Cobb angle along with MRI score also correlated to the degree of change in motor function.CONCLUSIONIt was indicated that the degree of muscle damage may confer the variability in response to nusinersen for individuals with SMA types 2 and 3. Muscle MRI score in addition to the severity of scoliosis assessed at baseline may help to predict the gross motor function change after the drug initiation.
Immunoinformatics and structural vaccinology approach to design a Multi-Epitope Subunit Vaccine against Francisella tularensis through In Silico modeling
Authors: Hayat Chandni , Sikandar Haris , Shahab Muhammad , Liang Chaoqun , Duan Xiuyuan , Zheng Guojun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Francisella tularensis is a category A pathogen with the maximum infectious and death rates, demanding the development of a vaccine. In the last eight years, growing interest in F. tularensis has resulted in the generation of data about the pathogen and its host binding method. So far, extensive information is available, but there is no authorized vaccination on the market.
Method
Using in silico techniques, present study design to develop multi-epitope vaccine. From F. tularensis, B-cell and T-cell epitopes were predicted to design a vaccine. The selection of epitope was selected on basis of lower percentile score, antigenicity, Non-toxicity, and immunogenicity scores. The 193 amino-acid long vaccine construct was obtained by joining the epitopes through EAAAK, CPGPG and AAY Linkers.
Result
Our vaccine represented overall the good stability, expression, immunostimulatory capabilities and solubility. Moreover, molecular docking and MD simulation exhibited strong interaction and stability of polypeptide vaccine construct.
Conclusion:
Design vaccine was verified as efficient in different computer-based immune response investigations and population coverage was good. But designed vaccines require scientific consensus and require in vitro experimental work also.
Effects of Qigong Exercise on the Physical and Mental Health of College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lin Jianping , Gao Yi fang , Guo Yue , Li Ming , Zhu Yuxiang , You Ruoshi , Chen Shaoqing , Wang Shizhong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Physical and mental health problems are becoming more serious among college students due to lifestyle changes and increased academic stress. Qigong exercise has been regarded as a potentially effective intervention to improve the physical and mental health of college students.Methods: Eleven databases were searched from their respective inception dates to April 2022. Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Physical and psychological conditions, including limb muscle strength, flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, vital capacity, blood pressure and heart rate, as well as depression, anxiety and mood, were evaluated. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration tool.Results: Sixteen randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Significant improvements in cardiorespiratory endurance (MD=3.83, 95% CI: 0.99 to 6.67, P=0.008) and flexibility (MD=3.01, 95% CI: 1.21 to 4.81, P=0.001) were observed. We also observed that Qigong exercise significantly reduced depression and anxiety symptoms (SMD=-0.89, 95% CI: -1.17 to -0.61, P<0.00001; SMD=-0.78, 95% CI: -1.31 to -0.25, P=0.004). Nevertheless, no significant effects on muscle strength, vital capacity, blood pressure, heart rate or mood were found.Conclusion: Qigong exercise was advantageous for college students in terms of improving flexibility and cardiorespiratory endurance and alleviating depression and anxiety to some extent. However, due to the limited number of eligible trials and the low methodological quality, more well-designed RCTs are needed in the future.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a tertiary care teaching hospital-retrospective study
Authors: Mohamud Abdirahman Ahmed , Omar Jafar Abdullahi , Keleşoğlu Salim İdris 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The most common surgical procedure for the digestive tract is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It has replaced open cholecystectomy as the gold standard treatment for gallbladder inflammation and cholelithiasis. In Somalia, it is estimated that over 90% of cholecystectomies are performed laparoscopically. The goal of this study was to assess the result of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in terms of complications, conversion rate, and length of stay at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods
This retrospective analysis was conducted on 564 patients who had laparoscopic cholecystectomies at Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital between January 2018 and January 2022, and the essential data is collected and analyzed.
Results
A total of 564 patients were studied in this study, with 99 men (18%) and 465 females (82 percent ). The patients ranged in age from 20 to 90, with a mean age of 45. In our study, the operative time ranged from 15 to 90 minutes. The conversion rate was 4.4%. Six patients had bile duct injuries (1.0 percent ).
Conclusions
Gallstone disease is increasingly international. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has replaced open cholecystectomy as the preferred gallstone treatment. Most gallstone patients are female. Male gender, thick adhesions in Calot's triangle, advanced age, Acute cholecystitis, dense adhesions, and fibrosis, and less surgeon experience increase the likelihood of an open cholecystectomy.
Fate of Microplastic in Freshwater Ecosystem: Bioaccumulation, Trophic Transfer and Biomagnification
Authors: Bhatt Vaishali , Chauhan Jaspal Singh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Plastic wastes in the environment ultimately reach to the aquatic habitats and becomes available to aquatic organisms. The pathway of microplastic in aquatic system is very less investigated specially in freshwater systems. There have been evidences of MPs ingestion by freshwater biota but the fate of these MPs further in the food chain is unexplored. Thus, we reviewed the status of MPs in freshwater biota and tried to compare the available studies to merge the available information, concepts and perspectives in order to draw a conclusion on bioaccumulation potential, trophic transfer possibilities, biomagnification and trends of ingesting MPs by the biota. In this review the previously available information about MPs in aquatic biota is arranged, analyzed and interpreted to understand all possible route of MPs in freshwater habitats. The review further provides a better understanding about the lack of information and research gaps that are needed to be investigated further to develop a solution to problem of MPs in future
Remimazolam alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in patients receiving bronchoscopy: a randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Gao Shenqiang , Wang Tingting , Cao Li , Li Linyan , Yang Shengqiang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Remimazolam and dexmedetomidine (Dex) are commonly used sedative medication. However, the effects and safety of remimazolam alone or in combination with Dex has not been investigated.Aim: This study aimed to investigate efficacy and safety of remimazolam alone or plus Dex for sedation during bronchoscopy.Methods: This trial enrolled 90 eligible patients undergoing bronchoscopy under intravenous anesthesia. All patients were randomly separated into three groups: group C (propofol), group R (remimazolam) and group RD (remimazolam plus Dex). Primary outcome was incidence of perioperative hypoxemia. Secondary outcomes included induction and maintenance doses of remimazolam, hemodynamic variables, modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (MOAA/S) score, coughing score, limb movement score, incidences of adverse events, patient satisfaction score, bronchoscopist satisfaction score, incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), time to loss of consciousness (LoC) and time to awake.Results: Incidences of hypoxemia and hypotension, and bronchoscopist satisfaction score were significantly decreased, time to LoC and time to awake were markedly longer in the R group and the RD group compared to the C group (p<0.05). The R group had significantly decreased induction and maintenance doses of remimazolam, and a shorter time to LoC in comparison with the RD group (p<0.05). Coughing score, limb movement score, MOAA/S score, and postoperative patient satisfaction score were comparable in the three groups. POCD was not induced in each group.Conclusion: Co-administration of Dex reduced induction and maintenance doses of remimazolam, accelerated its onset of action and did not induce POCD but with longer time to awake.Trial registration: This trial protocol had been registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000041435). This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tai'an Central Hospital [(2020) Lunshen No. (14)]. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Adaptive fruit colour variation along an elevational gradient in a colour-polymorphic plant
Authors: Lim Ganges , Burns Kevin C 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Many plants produce colour polymorphic fruits. However, the processes responsible for the evolution and maintenance of fruit colour polymorphisms are poorly understood. We investigated the fruit colour polymorphism in Gaultheria depressa var. novae-zealandiae (Ericaceae), a predominantly bird-dispersed, alpine shrub from New Zealand, by testing whether colour morph frequencies vary geographically to maximise fruit-foliage colour contrasts. We also conducted a seed germination experiment to test whether fruit colour morphs vary in their susceptibility to UV damage. Results showed that ‘red’ fruits were more abundant at lower elevations, while ‘white’ fruits were predominant at higher elevations. Leaf colours shifted from ‘green’ in appearance at lower elevations to ‘red’ at higher elevations. Analyses of fruit-foliage colour contrasts showed that ‘red’ fruits were more conspicuous at lower elevations, and ‘white’ fruits being more conspicuous at higher elevations, which was consistent with the hypothesis that colour morph frequencies vary geographically to maximise their conspicuousness to dispersers. However, ‘red’ fruits were generally more conspicuous than ‘white’ fruits, regardless of elevation, indicating that the maintenance of the polymorphism could not be attributed to fruit-foliage colour contrasts alone. The seed germination experiment showed that ‘white’ fruits were more resistant to UV damage, suggesting the preponderance of ‘white’ fruited individuals in the landscape results from a greater degree of protection from UV damage. The fruit colour polymorphism in Gaultheria depressa var. novae-zealandiae therefore appears to be maintained by trade-offs between conspicuousness to dispersers and tolerance to UV damage, advocating a pluralistic approach to the problem in the future.
Some new kink type solutions for the new (3+1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation
Authors: Chen Xue , Guo Yanfeng , Zhang Tengfei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Exact solutions of higher-dimensional nonlinear equations takes a major place in the study of nonlinear phenomena observed in nature. In this article, some new kink type solutions are investigated for the new (3+1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli(BLMP) equation.Firstly, a variety of solutions are obtained by Hirota's bilinear form,, which include kink type wave solution, periodic solitary wave solutions and singular solitary wave solutions using extended homoclinic test approach. Secondly, solutions with three wave form are obtained by generalized three wave method. The extended homoclinic test approach is also used to construct solutions with a tail which explain some physical phenomenon. Moreover, some figures of the solutions are shown behind.
An Integrated Approach of Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network and Google Earth Engine for Salt Storm Monitoring and mapping
Authors: Aghazadeh Firouz , Ghasemi Mohammad , Garajeh Mohammad Kazemi , Karimzadeh Sadra , Feizizadeh Bakhtiar , Morsali Reyhaneh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study aims to develop an integrated approach of deep learning convolutional neural network (DL-CNN) and Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform for salt storm (ST) modeling and monitoring. First, we selected three ST’s predisposing factors, including Land Surface Temperature (LST), Soil Salinity (SS), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to train models. We then collected 957 Ground Control Points (GCPs) from the study area, which randomly divided into training (70%) and validation (30%) datasets. Finally, ReLu, Cross-Entropy, and Adam employed as activation function, loss function and optimizer, respectively. Our findings demonstrate the efficiency of an integrated DL-CNN and GEE for monitoring ST (Overall Accuracy (OA) = 0.93.02, 0.92.99, 0.93.88, and 0.92.01 for years 2002, 2010, 2015 and 2021, respectively). The results also show an increase in the volume of ST in the study area from 2002 to 2021. Such approach is a promising step toward understanding, controlling, and managing ST and recommend for ST spatial monitoring in other favored areas with similar environmental conditions.