bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large household reduces dementia mortality: A cross-sectional data analysis of 183 populations
Authors: You Wenpeng , Henneberg Maciej 
Published: March 2022

Background
Large households/families may create more happiness and offer more comprehensive healthcare among the members. We correlated household size to dementia mortality rate at population level for analysing its protecting role against dementia mortality.

Methods
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Dementia specific mortality rates of the 183 member states of World Health Organization were calculated and matched with the respective country data on household size, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), urban population and ageing. Scatter plots were produced to explore and visualize the correlations between household size and dementia mortality rates. Pearson’s and nonparametric correlations were used to evaluate the strength and direction of the associations between household size and all other variables. Partial correlation of Pearson’s approach was used to identify that household size protects against dementia regardless of the competing effects from ageing, GDP and urbanization. Multiple regression was used to identify significant predictors of dementia mortality.

Results
Household size was in a negative and moderately strong correlation (r = -0.6034, p < 0.001) with dementia mortality. This relationship was confirmed in both Pearson r (r = - 0.524, p<0.001) and nonparametric (rho  =  -0.579, p < 0.001) analyses. When we controlled for the contribution of ageing, socio-economic status and urban lifestyle in partial correlation analysis, large household was still in inverse and significant correlation to dementia mortality (r = −0.331, p <0.001). This suggested that, statistically, large household protect against dementia mortality regardless of the contributing effects of ageing, socio-economic status and urban lifestyle. Stepwise multiple regression analysis selected large household as the variable having the greatest contribution to dementia mortality with R2 = 0.263 while ageing was placed second increasing R2 to 0.259. GDP and urbanization were removed as having no statistically significant influence on dementia mortality.

Conclusions
While acknowledging ageing, urban lifestyle and greater GDP associated with dementia mortality, this study suggested that, at population level, household size was another risk factor for dementia mortality. As part of dementia prevention, healthcare practitioners should encourage people to increase their positive interactions with persons from their neighbourhood or other fields where large household/family size is hard to achieve.
An integrated continuity of care measure improves performance in models predicting medication adherence using population-based administrative data
Authors: Yao Shenzhen , Lix Lisa , Teare Gary , Evans Charity , Blackburn David 
Published: March 2022

Objectives
Continuity of care (COC) is considered an important determinant of medication adherence based on measures such as the usual provider continuity index (UPCI) that are derived exclusively from physician visit claims. This study aimed to: a) determine if high UPCI values predict physicians who deliver different clinical services; and b) compare UPCI with an integrated COC measure capturing physician visits, prescribing, and a complete medical examination in a multivariable model of patients receiving statin medications.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of new statin users between 2012 and 2017 in Saskatchewan, Canada. We calculated sensitivity/specificity of a high UPCI value for predicting physicians who were prescribers of statins and/or providers of complete medical examinations. Next, we used logistic regression models to test two measures of COC (high UPCI value or an integrated COC measure) on the outcome of optimal statin adherence (proportion of days covered ≥80%). The DeLong test was used to compare predictive performance of the two models.

Results
Among 55,144 new statin users, a high UPCI was neither a sensitive or specific marker of physicians who prescribed statins or performed a complete medical examination. The integrated COC measure had a stronger association with optimal adherence [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50 to 1.63] than UPCI (adjusted OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.28), and improved predictive performance of the adherence model.

Conclusion
The number of physician visits alone appears to be insufficient to represent COC. An integrated measure improves predictive performance for optimal medication adherence in patients initiating statins.
An HDAC9-associated immune-related signature predicts bladder cancer prognosis
Authors: Fu Yang , Sun Shanshan , Bi Jianbin , Kong Chuize , Shi Du 
Published: March 2022

Background
The close relationship between histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) and immunity has attracted attention. We constructed an immune signature for HDAC9, a vital epigenetic modification, to predict the survival status and treatment benefits in bladder cancer (BC).

Methods
An exhaustive analysis of HDAC9 and immunology via the tumor and immune system interaction database (TISIDB) was performed, and an immune prognostic risk signature was developed based on genes enriched in the top five immune-related pathways under high HDAC9 status. Comprehensive analysis of survival curves and Cox regression were used to estimate the effectiveness of the risk signature. The relationship between immunological characteristics and the risk score was evaluated, and the mechanisms were also explored.

Results
In the TISIDB, HDAC9 was closely related to various immunological characteristics. The risk signature was obtained based on genes related to prognosis enriched in the top five immune-related pathways under high HDAC9 status. The survival rate of the high-risk BC patients was poor. The risk score was closely related to multiple immunological characteristics, drug sensitivity, immunotherapy benefits and biofunctions.

Conclusion
An immune-related prognostic signature established for HDAC9 expression status could independently predict the prognosis of BC patients. The use of this signature could help clinicians make personalized treatment decisions.
Impact of histological subtype on prognosis in stage IV colorectal cancer: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Miyakawa Teppei , Kawamura Hidetaka , Honda Michitaka , Takano Yoshinao , Kinuta Shunji , Kamiga Takahiro , Yamazaki Shigeru , Muto Atsushi , Shiraso Satoru , Yamashita Naoyuki , Iwao Toshiyasu , Kono Koji , Konno Shinichi 
Published: March 2022

Background
There are a few established prognostic factors for stage IV colorectal cancer. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of histological subtypes on prognosis and metastatic patterns in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer.

Methods
This was a population-based, multicenter, cohort study. We included consecutive patients diagnosed with stage IV colorectal cancer between 2008 and 2015 at all designated cancer hospitals in Fukushima prefecture, Japan. Patients were classified into two groups according to histological subtypes as follows: poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (Por), mucinous adenocarcinoma (Muc), or signet-ring cell carcinoma (Sig) and well (Wel) or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (Mod). We evaluated the relationship between these histological groups and survival time. After adjusting for other clinical factors, we calculated the hazard ratio for Por/Muc/Sig.

Results
A total of 1,151 patients were enrolled, and 1,031 and 120 had Wel/Mod and Por/Muc/Sig, respectively. The median overall survival was 19.2 and 11.9 months for Wel/Mod and Por/Muc/Sig, respectively (p < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio for Por/Muc/Sig with regard to survival time was 1.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.13–1.77). Por/Muc/Sig had a lower incidence of liver and lung metastases and a higher incidence of peritoneal dissemination and metastasis to rare organs, such as the bone and brain.

Conclusions
The Por/Muc/Sig histological subtype was an independent prognostic factor for poor prognosis among patients with stage IV colorectal cancer. The histological subtype may be useful for predicting the prognosis of patients with stage IV colorectal cancer and designing the treatment strategy.
The efficacy of a task model approach to ADL rehabilitation in stroke apraxia and action disorganisation syndrome: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Howe Jo , Chua Winnie , Sumner Emily , Drozdowska Bogna , Laverick Rosanna , Bevins Rachel L. , Jean-Baptiste Emilie , Russell Martin , Rotshtein Pia , Wing Alan M. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Apraxia and action disorganization syndrome (AADS) after stroke can disrupt activities of daily living (ADL). Occupational therapy has been effective in improving ADL performance, however, inclusion of multiple tasks means it is unclear which therapy elements contribute to improvement. We evaluated the efficacy of a task model approach to ADL rehabilitation, comparing training in making a cup of tea with a stepping training control condition.

Methods
Of the 29 stroke survivors with AADS who participated in this cross-over randomized controlled feasibility trial, 25 were included in analysis [44% females; mean(SD) age = 71.1(7.8) years; years post-stroke = 4.6(3.3)]. Participants attended five 1-hour weekly tea making training sessions in which progress was monitored and feedback given using a computer-based system which implemented a Markov Decision Process (MDP) task model. In a control condition, participants received five 1-hour weekly stepping sessions.

Results
Compared to stepping training, tea making training reduced errors across 4 different tea types. The time taken to make a cup of tea was reduced so the improvement in accuracy was not due to a speed-accuracy trade-off. No improvement linked to tea making training was evident in a complex tea preparation task (making two different cups of tea simultaneously), indicating a lack of generalisation in the training.

Conclusions
The clearly specified but flexible training protocol, together with information on the distribution of errors, provide pointers for further refinement of task model approaches to ADL rehabilitation. It is recommended that the approach be tested under errorless learning conditions with more impaired patients in future research.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 5th August 2019 [NCT04044911] https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04044911?term=Cogwatch&rank=1
Is there a gradient in the association between internet addiction and health?
Authors: Hossin Muhammad Zakir , Islam Azharul , Billah Masum , Haque Mahjabeen , Uddin Jalal 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundInternet Addiction (IA) is often shown to be associated with health issues, but no study explicitly examined a possible gradient in the association between different levels of IA and health. This study aimed to examine if the levels of IA had a graded relationship with poor sleep quality, psychological distress, and self-rated health among university students in Bangladesh.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a sample of 625 students from six universities/colleges responded to an online survey that contained measures of internet addiction test (IAT), general health questionnaire (GHQ-12), sleep quality, and self-rated health. Modified Poisson regression models were fitted to estimate the adjusted risk ratios (RR) and confidence intervals (CI) of the associations between IA and health outcomes.ResultsThe IA levels were associated with each of the three health outcomes in a linear fashion. Compared to the lowest IA quintile, the highest quintile remained associated with an increased risk of poor-quality sleeping (RR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.26, 2.48), psychological distress (RR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.55, 2.82), and worse self-rated health (RR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.96) after adjusting for socio-demographic covariates. There were also dose-response associations between IAT z-scores and health outcomes. The association between IAT z-scores and psychological distress was significantly stronger in males compared to females (p-value for interaction<0.05).ConclusionsThe study found strong gradients between levels of addiction to internet and health outcomes, suggesting that increased health risks may exist even at lower levels of internet addiction. The findings highlight the need for departure of current research from a focus on the classic dichotomy of problematic versus not problematic internet use and a move toward recognizing the potential hierarchical effects of IA on health.
Aesthetic Categories of Transdisciplinarity in Debashree Mukherjee’s Bombay Hustle, Debashree Mukherjee (2020)
Authors: Sharma Mridula 
Published: March 2022

Review of: Aesthetic Categories of Transdisciplinarity in Debashree Mukherjee’s Bombay Hustle, Debashree Mukherjee (2020)
New York: Columbia University Press, 448pp.,
ISBN: 9780231196154 (pbk), $30, ISBN: 9780231196147 (hbk), $105.00
Harrison Ford: Masculinity and Stardom in Hollywood, Virginia Luzón-Aguado (2020)
Authors: Smith Grace 
Published: March 2022

Review of: Harrison Ford: Masculinity and Stardom in Hollywood, Virginia Luzón-Aguado (2020)
London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 315 pp., ISBN: 9781788310925 (hbk), $114.00, ISBN: 9781350152441 (ebk), $103.50
A numerical approach to model chemistry of complex organic molecules in a protoplanetary disk
Authors: Kiskin Mikhail Yu. , Vasyunin Anton I. , Akimkin Vitaly V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Multiphase astrochemical modeling presents a numerical challenge especially for the simulation of objects with the wide range of physical parameters such as protoplanetary disks. We demonstrate an implementation of the analytical Jacobian for the numerical integration of the system of differential rate equations that govern chemical evolution in star-forming regions. The analytical Jacobian allowed us to greatly improve the stability of the code in protoplanetary disk conditions. We utilize the MONACO code to study the evolution of abundances of chemical species in protoplanetary disks. The chemical model includes 670 species and 6,015 reactions in the gas phase and on interstellar grains. The specific feature of the utilized chemical model is the inclusion of low-temperature chemical processes leading to the formation of complex organic molecules (COMs), included previously in the models of chemistry of COMs in prestellar clouds. To test the impact of analytical Jacobian on the stability of numerical simulations of chemical evolution in protoplanetary disks, we calculated the chemical composition of the disk using a two-phase model and four variants of the chemical reaction network, three values of the surface diffusion rates, and two types of the initial chemical composition. We also show a preliminary implementation of the analytical Jacobian to a three-phase model.
Modeling of large-scale disk perturbation eclipses of UX Ori stars with the puffed-up inner disks
Authors: Shulman Sergey , Grinin Vladimir 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Eclipses of UX Ori stars by compact gas–dust clouds and large-scale circumstellar disk perturbations are modeled. A flared disk and a disk with a puffing-up in the dust sublimation zone are considered. The disk puffing-up explains several observed features of eclipses. The linear polarization degree can remain unchanged during the eclipse. There might be no star reddening in the blue and ultraviolet spectral regions. Strong changes (up to

90
°

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) in the positional angle of the linear polarization may happen when passing from one spectral band to another. An eclipse by a large-scale disk perturbation can be noticeably deeper than an eclipse by a compact gas–dust cloud. The polarization degree in such an eclipse can also be significantly higher. In addition, an eclipse by a large-scale perturbation of a star with a puffed-up disk explains the significant scatter of eclipse parameters at the same fading level. A significant change in the positional angle of the linear polarization may occur during a large-scale disk perturbation eclipse minimum and after it. We attempted parametric identification of long-lasted deep minima of UX Ori and WW Vul. The considered simple model can only partially explain the observed phenomena and need further development.
Slow pyrolysis of waste navel orange peels with metal oxide catalysts to produce high-grade bio-oil
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xia Hongying , Deng Yong , Zhang Qi , Xin Chunfu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Renewable biomass resources have become increasingly attractive in recent years. In this study, the pyrolysis of waste navel orange peels was carried out with different metal oxides (Cu2O, CaO, V2O5, Fe2O3, and ZnO) in a tube furnace to obtain high-quality bio-oil, from which high-value chemicals such as 3-furaldehyde could be well recovered to enhance the economic value of waste navel orange peels. The effects of different metal oxides on bio-oil were analyzed by GC/MS. The results showed that Cu2O and Fe2O3, as catalysts for slow pyrolysis, promoted the production of 3-furaldehyde compounds at a scale of approximately 5.69 and 4.82 times higher than that of pyrolysis without the addition of metal oxides, respectively. High-value chemicals such as 3-furaldehyde obtained from bio-oil can enhance the economic value of waste navel orange peels for full recovery and reuse.
CERKL alleviates ischemia reperfusion-induced nervous system injury through modulating the SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin pathway and mitophagy induction
Authors: Huang Shaoyue , Hong Zhen , Zhang Leguo , Guo Jian , Li Yanhua , Li Kuo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent studies showed that Ceramide Kinase-Like Protein (CERKL)was expressed in the nerve cells and could regulate autophagy. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is the regulator of the mitophagy, which can be stabilized by CERKL. Furthermore, the study also revealed that the SIRT1 induced mitophagy by activating PINK1/Parkin signaling. Therefore, we speculated that CERKL has potential to activate the SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin pathway to induce mitophagy. In this study, cerebral ischemia reperfusion mouse model was established. CERKL was overexpressed in those mice and human neuroblastoma cells. Tunel staining and flow cytometry were applied for the detection of cell apoptosis. The ratios of LC3Ⅱ to LC3Ⅰ and the expression of LC3Ⅱ in mitochondria were determined by gel electrophoresis. Overexpression of CERKL alleviated the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and damage to OGD/R human neuroblastoma cells. Overexpression of CERKL enhanced the expression of LC3 Ⅱ in mitochondria and induced occurrence of mitophagy. Overexpression of CERKL promoted the stability of SIRT1 and facilitated the expression of PINK1 and Parkin in those cells. Knockdown of PINK1 impeded the mitophagy and suppressed the expression of LC3 Ⅱ in mitochondria. It can be concluded that CERKL alleviated the ischemia reperfusion induced nervous system injury through inducing mitophagy in a SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin dependent pathway.
Injection Molding of Plastic Plates Combined with Boss Features on Superplastic Zn–22Al Sheet
Authors: Yang S. Y. , Parng S. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the development of a hybrid process combining forming of a superplastic zinc-aluminum sheet with injection molding. The product is a plastic part covered with a superplastic zinc-aluminum layer used mainly for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. This paper investigates the moldability of Zn/Al sheet covered plates with various bosses. The effects on the moldability of various parameters, including: melt temperature, injection pressure, sheet thickness, various boss shapes and boss location in the mold, are investigated. It is found that bosses formed with thick Zn/Al sheet and located close to melt entrance exhibit good moldability. Among boss geometries, boss depth is the most critical parameter; a little increase in boss depth sharply lowers the mold-ability. Large angle improves moldability. To help interpret the effects of geometrical parameters, sheet deformation is observed by measuring the deformations in printed-grids and thickness. The base circle of the boss is found to be the most severely deformed region. The thickness reduction ratio in the center of base circle could help predicting moldability.
Cold chain and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission: a review for challenges and coping strategies
Authors: Liu Jiangtao , Zheng Tongzhang , Xia Wei , Xu Shunqing , Li Yuanyuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Since June 2020, the re-emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemics in parts of China was linked to the cold chain, which attracted extensive attention and heated discussions from the public. According to the typical characteristics of these epidemics, we speculated a possible route of transmission from cold chain to human. A series of factors in the supply chain contributed to the epidemics if the cold chain were contaminated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), such as temperature, humidity, personal hygiene/protection, and disinfection. The workers who worked in the cold chain at the receiving end faced a higher risk of being infected when they were not well protected. Facing the difficult situation, China put forward targeted and powerful countermeasures to block the cold chain-related risk. However, in the context of the unstable pandemic situation globally, the risk of the cold chain needs to be recognized and evaluated seriously. Hence, in this review, we reviewed the cold chain-related epidemics in China, analyzed the possible mechanisms, introduced the Chinese experience, and suggested coping strategies for the global epidemic prevention and control.
Changes in resistance pattern of ESKAPE pathogens between 2010 and 2020 in the clinical center of University of Szeged, Hungary
Authors: Orosz László , Lengyel György , Ánosi Noel , Lakatos Lóránt , Burián Katalin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The acronym ESKAPE stands for six antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens namely, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. Monitoring their resistance is an important task for clinical microbiology laboratories.
Our aim was to analyze the resistance patterns of these bacteria over ten years in clinical samples of our department. We examined the sample types from which these pathogens were most frequently isolated. The incidence of tests with resistant results for each pathogen in aggregate and the most important subgroups of each was also analyzed. We have also intended to predict the local priorities amongst these pathogens.
The results of 1,268,126 antibiotic susceptibility tests performed on a total of 70,099 isolates over this period were examined. Most strains were derived from urine, blood culture, trachea, vagina, wounds, and abscesses. Prevalence of ESKAPE bacteria increased between 2011 and 2020 however, the steepest intensifications were seen in the cases of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. The number of antibiotic susceptibility tests with resistant results has also increased over the decade but the most notable increase was detected in E. faecium and A. baumannii. Based on the calculation of antimicrobial resistance index for each pathogen, the most serious challenges for us at present are A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and E. faecium and their multi-resistant forms.
The theoretical prediction of proportion of resistant tests between 2020 and 2030 in our care area draws attention to a worrying trend in the cases of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains.