bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic and Management Considerations for the IPAA With Crohn’s Disease-Like Features
Authors: Akiyama Shintaro , Dyer Emma C. , Rubin David T. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
Patients with ulcerative colitis often develop medically refractory colonic inflammation or colorectal neoplasia, and approximately 10% to 15% of patients require surgery. The most common surgical procedure is a restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA. Even if the preoperative diagnosis is ulcerative colitis, approximately 10% of patients can develop inflammatory pouch conditions resembling a Crohn’s disease phenotype.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to review the diagnostic approach, prognosis, and management of IPAA with Crohn's disease–like features.

DATA SOURCES:
The data sources include search in electronic databases.

STUDY SELECTION:
This narrative review included studies focusing on pouches with Crohn's disease–like features.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The main topics in this review included the pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, phenotypes, prognosis, and medications of pouches with Crohn's disease–like features.

RESULTS:
A diagnostic approach for the pouch conditions resembling a Crohn's disease phenotype should be based on history–taking to evaluate its risk factors and endoscopic assessment of the pouch. Prior disease history and pathology, location of pouch complications, and timing of complications offer clues for the differential diagnosis of this phenotype. We advocate for the more descriptive term “pouch with Crohn's disease–like features” and reserve the term “Crohn's disease of the pouch” for patients who undergo IPAA and have a precolectomy diagnosis of Crohn's disease or whose colectomy pathology revealed Crohn's disease. Medications, which are often used for traditional Crohn's disease, show efficacy in pouches with Crohn's disease–like features as well. The poor prognosis associated with pouches with Crohn's disease–like features, particularly the fistulizing phenotype, underscores the importance of proactive monitoring and therapeutic intervention.

LIMITATIONS:
The limitations include no explicit criteria for article selection.

CONCLUSIONS:
This review suggests future research should seek to understand the natural history and meaningful shorter and longer term therapeutic targets for these types of pouch phenotypes. Long-term follow-up and prospective preoperative and postoperative interventional trials of treatments and prevention strategies are needed.
Establishing Chinese Fetal Growth Standards: Why and How
Authors: Zeng Xiaojing , Zhu Jing , Zhang Jun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Choosing a fetal growth standard or reference is crucial when defining normal and abnormal fetal growth. We reviewed the recently published standards and compared them with a customized fetal growth chart based on a nationwide population in China. There were substantial discrepancies in the fetal growth pattern, suggesting that these standards may not be applicable to Chinese fetuses. Developing a Chinese-specific standard may better meet our clinical requirements. We also discuss the steps to establish a Chinese fetal growth standard and the potential challenges, including regional disparities and accuracy of sonographic estimated fetal weight. Standardized ultrasound measurement protocol and the introduction of new ultrasonography technology may be helpful in developing a more precise standard than existing ones for the Chinese population.
Genetics Etiologies Associated with Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Shi Dayuan , Cai Luyao , Sun Luming 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with multiple adverse perinatal outcomes, such as increased risk of intrauterine death, neonatal morbidity and mortality, and long-term adverse outcomes. Genetic etiological factors are critical in fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction, including chromosomal abnormalities, copy number variants, single gene disorders, uniparental disomy, epigenetic changes, and confined placental mosaicism. This paper aims to provide an overview of genetic defects related to FGR and to highlight the importance of prenatal genetic counseling and testing for precise diagnosis and management of FGR.
Preventing Stillbirth: A Review of Screening and Prevention Strategies
Authors: Noël Laure , Coutinho Conrado Milani , Thilaganathan Basky 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Stillbirth is a devastating pregnancy complication that still affects many women, particularly from low and middle-income countries. It is often labeled as “unexplained” and therefore unpreventable, despite the knowledge that placental dysfunction has been identified as a leading cause of antepartum stillbirth. Currently, screening for pregnancies at high-risk for placental dysfunction relies on checklists of maternal risk factors and serial measurement of symphyseal-fundal height to identify small for gestational age fetuses. More recently, the first-trimester combined screening algorithm developed by the Fetal Medicine Foundation has emerged as a better tool to predict and prevent early-onset placental dysfunction and its main outcomes of preterm preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction and stillbirth by the appropriate use of Aspirin therapy, serial growth scans and induction of labour from 40 weeks for women identified at high-risk by such screening. There is currently no equivalent to predict and prevent late-onset placental dysfunction, although algorithms combining an ultrasound-based estimation of fetal weight, assessment of maternal and fetal Doppler indices, and maternal serum biomarkers show promise as emerging new screening tools to optimize pregnancy monitoring and timing of delivery to prevent stillbirth. In this review we discuss the strategies to predict and prevent stillbirths based on first-trimester screening as well as fetal growth and wellbeing assessment in the second and third trimesters.
Nonsurgical Treatment of Neuralgia and Cervicogenic Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hazewinkel Merel H. J. , Bink Thijs , Hundepool Caroline A. , Duraku Liron S. , Zuidam J. Michiel 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Extracranial compression of peripheral sensory nerves is one of many origins of chronic headaches. Identifying these patients can be difficult, and they are often diagnosed with neuralgia or cervicogenic headache. The recent literature provides the outcomes of surgical decompression in patients with these headaches. This study aimed to give an overview of the current literature on the nonsurgical treatment options and to evaluate the effectiveness of these treatments in patients with neuralgia and cervicogenic headache.

Methods:
Databases were searched to identify all published clinical studies investigating nonsurgical treatment outcomes in patients with neuralgia or cervicogenic headaches. Studies that reported numerical pain scores, nonnumerical pain scores, headache-free days, or the number of adverse events after nonsurgical treatment were included.

Results:
A total of 22 articles were included in qualitative analysis. The majority of studies included patients who received injection therapy. Treatment with oral analgesics achieved good results in only 2.5% of the patients. Better outcomes were reported in patients who received local anesthetics injection (79%) and corticosteroid injection (87%). Treatment with botulinum toxin injection yielded the highest percentage of good results (97%; 95% CI, 0.81–1.00). The duration of headache relief after injection therapy varied from 30 minutes to 5 months.

Conclusions:
The nonsurgical treatment of patients with neuralgia or cervicogenic headache is challenging. Injection therapy in patients with these types of headaches achieved good pain relief but only for a limited time. Surgical decompression may result in long-lasting pain relief and might be a more sustainable treatment option.
Cleft Lip Repair Competence Can Be Evaluated with High-fidelity Simulation
Authors: Rogers-Vizena Carolyn R. , Yao Caroline A. , Sideridis Georgios D. , Minahan Lindsey , Saldanha Francesca Y. L. , Livingston Katie A. , Weinstock Peter H. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Demonstrating competency before independent practice is increasingly important in surgery. This study tests the hypothesis that a high-fidelity cleft lip simulator can be used to discriminate performance between training levels, demonstrating its utility for assessing procedural competence.

Methods:
During this prospective cohort study, participants performed a unilateral cleft lip repair on a high-fidelity simulator. Videos were blindly rated using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) and the Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair Competency Assessment Tool (UCLR). Digital measurement of symmetry was estimated. Influence of training level and cumulative prior experience on each score was estimated using Pearson r.

Results:
Participants (n = 26) ranged from postgraduate year 3 to craniofacial fellow. Training level correlated best with UCLR (R = 0.4842, P = 0.0122*) and more weakly with OSATS (R = 0.3645, P = 0.0671), whereas cumulative prior experience only weakly correlated with UCLR (R = 0.3450, P = 0.0843) and not with OSATS (R = 0.1609, P = 0.4323). UCLR subscores indicated marking the repair had little correlation with training level (R = 0.2802, P = 0.1656), whereas performance and result did (R = 0.5152, P = 0.0071*, R = 0.4226, P = 0.0315*, respectively). Correlation between symmetry measures and training level was weak.

Conclusions:
High-fidelity simulation paired with an appropriate procedure-specific assessment tool has the construct validity to evaluate performance for cleft lip repair. Simply being able to mark a cleft lip repair is not an accurate independent assessment method nor is symmetry of the final result.
Randomized Prospective Evaluation of Microblepharoexfoliation BlephEx as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Chalazia
Authors: Zhu Daniel , Gupta Rohun R. , Stein Rebecca L. , Quintero Jose , Morcos Marcelle M. , Link Timothy J. , Perry Henry D. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
Chalazia are benign eyelid lesions caused by the obstruction and inflammatory reaction of the meibomian glands. Demodex mites are one potential cause of chalazia leading to mechanical obstruction of the meibomian gland. In this prospective randomized study, we examine a novel approach to treating chalazia with the use of microblepharoexfoliation (MBE), an in-office lid hygiene technique that exfoliates the eyelid margins.

Methods:
Fifty patients with clinical evidence of acute chalazion were enrolled in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned to a MBE plus lid hygiene group (23 patients, mean age 66.6 ± 16.6 years) or a lid hygiene alone group (27 patients, mean age 62.1 ± 14.4). The MBE plus lid hygiene group received MBE treatment and were evaluated 1 month after the baseline visit. The main outcome measured was the resolution of the chalazion at the 1-month follow-up visit.

Results:
The lid hygiene plus MBE treatment group demonstrated a statistically significant resolution of the chalazion compared with the lid hygiene group alone (P = 0.007; chi-square test). Among the MBE plus hygiene group, 87% of the patients had resolution of their chalazion as opposed to the lid hygiene alone group, which had 44% resolution.

Conclusions:
This is the first prospective, randomized clinical trial that demonstrated efficacy of MBE as a noninvasive adjunctive treatment method for chalazion resolution.
COVID-19 Mortality by Demographics in a Brooklyn Hospital
Authors: Ghitan Monica , Press Robert , Samy Sameh , Bassi Harmeetinder , Lockerman Zachary , Lin Yu Shia , Marshall John 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Previous publications have shown worse COVID-19 outcomes in African American and LatinX patients. We are sharing the experience of a 750-bed tertiary safety net hospital in Brooklyn, NY.
Left ventricular-aortic angle is associated with platelet reactivity in patients with aortic stenosis
Authors: Mourikis Philipp , Zako Saif , Dannenberg Lisa , M’Pembele Rene , Hohlfeld Thomas , Zeus Tobias , Kelm Malte , Veulemans Verena , Polzin Amin 
Published: July 2022

The impact of aortic stenosis on platelet reactivity is unclear. Previous studies reported contradicting results. The reason for this is unknown. It is known that flow alterations enhance platelet reactivity. A steep left ventricular-aortic angle (LV-AO-angle) is associated with turbulent flow in the aorta ascendens. Therefore, in this study, we hypothesized that LV-AO-angle is associated with platelet reactivity in patients with severe aortic stenosis. We included 289 patients with severe aortic stenosis and performed cardiac computertomography to assess the LV-AO-angle. Platelet function was evaluated by light transmission aggregometry. Platelet reactivity was higher in patients with a steep LV-AO-angle (ADP: <160°: 66.99% ± 20.72% vs. ≥160°: 60.66% ± 19.85%, P = 0.009; collagen: <160°: 78.67% ± 13.19% vs. ≥160°: 73.85% ± 14.44%, P = 0.003). Using Spearman correlation, ADP and collagen-induced aggregation was associated with LV-AO-angle (ADP: r = −0.19, P = 0.0009, R
2 = 0.022; collagen: r = −0.21, P = 0.0004, R
2 = 0.027). Apart from platelet reactivity, body weight, history of myocardial infarction and other factors were associated with steep LV-AO-angle. However, multivariate cox-regression (including body weight, comorbidities, history of MI and cardiac surgery, kidney function and laboratory parameters) revealed that LV-AO angle was a robust predictor of ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation.
Steep LV-AO-angle is associated with enhanced platelet reactivity in patients with aortic stenosis. This could be the reason of contradicting results regarding platelet function in patients with aortic stenosis in previous studies. In addition, enhanced platelet reactivity in steep LV-AO-angle aortic stenosis patients might be a promising target in pathogenesis of aortic stenosis.
Pneumothorax in lung cancer following anlotinib treatment: A case report
Authors: Yang Lei 
Published: July 2022

Rationale:
Anlotinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and has been approved for the treatment of patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer who had received at least 2 previous chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase targeted therapy regimens. Pneumothorax is a rare adverse reaction of this drug. Here, we present a case of pneumothorax following anlotinib treatment in a patient with lung cancer.

Patient concerns:
A 61-year-old Asian male long-term smoker was admitted to the hospital in November 2019 with sputum production and dyspnea.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with right lung adenocarcinoma with mediastinal and rib metastases, combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary bullous disease.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with oral administration of anlotinib. The patient had a recurrent pneumothorax that improved after drug withdrawal and was free of recurrence. Therefore, pneumothorax caused by rupture of the pulmonary bullous due to anlotinib was considered.

Outcomes:
After discontinuing anlotinib, the patient has not developed pneumothorax to date.

Lessons:
Pneumothorax may occur when VEGF is inhibited, which can promote the proliferation and repair of alveolar wall substances, leading to alveolar rupture. With respect to pneumothorax, it is necessary to be aware of the risk of pulmonary bullous rupture during antitumor treatment with small-molecule tyrosine kinase drugs.
Efficacy of three novel drugs in the treatment of heart failure: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Lin , Yang Xu , Tang Kai , Wu Jianli , Li Dejin , Ran Jiuju , Zhang Li , Wang Dan , Zhao Dan , Yu Min , Chen Anfang , Saranathan Maya 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators (sGCs), and the traditional golden triangle standard-of-care (SOC) are effective drugs for heart failure. We aimed to assess the efficacy of 4 interventions in these patients.

Methods:
PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials of 3 novel drugs in the treatment of heart failure from inception to September 1st, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk bias of included studies. Stata 16.0 software was used for network meta-analysis.

Results:
A total of 17 randomized controlled trial involving 38,088 patients were included. The results of network meta-analysis: in terms of heart failure rehospitalization rate, 3 novel drugs lower than SOC [ARNI (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.71–0.83), SGLT2i (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.63–0.77), sGCs (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78–0.99)], and SGLT2i was also lower than sGCs (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68–0.93). In terms of all-cause mortality, ARNI was lower than SOC (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66–0.99). In terms of cardiovascular mortality, ARNI and SGLT2i was lower than SOC (ARNI [OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70–0.92], SGLT2i [OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76–0.99]). In terms of rates of cardiovascular death or heart failure rehospitalization, 3 novel drugs lower than SOC (ARNI [OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.71–0.82], SGLT2i [OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.70–0.82], sGCs [OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78–0.97]). In terms of Kansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire score, ARNI and SGLT2i was superior to SOC (ARNI [MD = 1.43, 95% CI: 0.43–2.42], SGLT2i [MD = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.12–2.65]). In terms of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide outcome indexes, SGLT2i was superior to SOC (MD = −134.63, 95% CI: −237.70 to −31.56). The results of Surface under the cumulative ranking sequencing: in terms of heart failure rehospitalization rate and rates of cardiovascular death or heart failure rehospitalization, the ranking was SGLT2i>ARNI>sGCs>SOC. in terms of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, the ranking was ARN>SGLT2i>sGCs>SOC. in terms of Kansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire score and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide outcome indexes, the ranking was SGLT2i>ARN>SOC.

Conclusions:
The available evidence suggests that all 3 novel heart failure drugs can improve the prognosis of heart failure. ARNI may be the most effective in reducing mortality, SGLT2i may be the most effective in improving quality of life, while sGCs may be inferior to ARNI and SGLT2i.
Gensini score values for predicting periprocedural myocardial infarction: An observational study analysis
Authors: Wang Yao , Lv Qingbo , Li Ya , Chen Songzan , Zhao Liding , Fu Guosheng , Zhang Wenbin 
Published: July 2022

The Gensini score (GS) is a convenient, powerful tool for assessing the severity and complexity of coronary artery diseases. Our research investigated the relationship between the GS and periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI).
We recruited 4949 patients (3366 men, 1583 women; mean age 66.45 ± 10.09 years) with a single coronary artery revascularization. Based on the tertile of the GS 20 and 36, the population was divided into 3 groups: Low Group (0 < GS ≤ 20, N = 1809); Intermediate Group (20 < GS ≤ 36, N = 1579); High Group (GS > 36, N = 1561). PMI3 represented the endpoint for cTnI > 3-fold upper reference limit, while PMI5 represented the endpoint for cTnI > 5-fold upper reference limit.
The incidence of PMI of High Group was statistically higher than that of Intermediate Group (P < .05), while that of Intermediate Group was statistically higher than Low Group (P < .05). With the adjustment of some general variables, GS was an independent significantly predictor for PMI3 (β = 0.006, P < .05) and PMI5 (β = 0.007, P < .05). Following receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the optimal cut-off value to predict PMI are 22.5 for PMI3 and 27 for PMI5.
The GS was an independent predictor of PMI in the single-coronary revascularization population. Additionally, the 22.5 of GS was the optimal cut-off value for determining the presence of PMI3, while the 27 of GS for PMI5.
Exploratory clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of carbon dioxide paste in healthy people
Authors: Yatagai Nanae , Hasegawa Takumi , Kyotani Katsusuke , Noda Tomohiro , Amano Rika , Saito Izumi , Arimoto Satomi , Takeda Daisuke , Kakei Yasumasa , Akashi Masaya 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Scarring and pain are postoperative complications in patients after head and neck cancer treatment; however, there is no effective treatment. These complications are affected by local blood flow disorders, and it is well known that the transcutaneous application of carbon dioxide (CO2) improves local blood flow. Previously, we have shown that the transcutaneous application of carbon dioxide causes absorption of CO2 and increase the oxygen (O2) pressure in the treated tissue; it is expected that the application of CO2 may reduce scarring and pain caused by cancer treatment. We newly introduced the CO2 paste as a new CO2 application method, which does not need to use CO2 gas directly. In this study, we aimed to apply of CO2 paste to healthy people and to investigate its usefulness, safety and feasibility by analysing the increase in blood flow and frequency of adverse events.

Methods:
We applied carbon dioxide paste to skin over the sternocleidomastoid and gastrocnemius muscles of eight healthy volunteers. The changes in blood flow before and after the CO2 paste application using dynamic MRI, and changes in the vital signs were evaluated.

Results:
In the neck area and middle layer of the lower leg, the signal intensity (SI) significantly increased 60 seconds after application. In the surface layer of the lower leg, the SI was significantly increased 60 and 300 seconds after paste application. Although mild heat was noted after the paste application, no obvious adverse events occurred.

Conclusion:
We demonstrated the increase in SI by dynamic MRI at the site of the carbon dioxide paste application, which indicates the paste application is effective in improving the blood flow.