bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cosmology with the Roman Space Telescope – Synergies with CMB lensing
Authors: Wenzl Lukas , Doux Cyrille , Heinrich Chen , Bean Rachel , Jain Bhuvnesh , Doré Olivier , Eifler Tim , Fang Xiao 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
We explore synergies between the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope and CMB lensing data to constrain dark energy and modified gravity scenarios. A simulated likelihood analysis of the galaxy clustering and weak lensing data from the Roman Space Telescope High Latitude Survey combined with CMB lensing data from the Simons Observatory is undertaken, marginalizing over important astrophysical effects and calibration uncertainties. Included in the modelling are the effects of baryons on small-scale clustering, scale-dependent growth suppression by neutrinos, as well as uncertainties in the galaxy clustering biases, in the intrinsic alignment contributions to the lensing signal, in the redshift distributions, and in the galaxy shape calibration. The addition of CMB lensing roughly doubles the dark energy figure-of-merit from Roman photometric survey data alone, varying from a factor of 1.7 to 2.4 improvement depending on the particular Roman survey configuration. Alternatively, the inclusion of CMB lensing information can compensate for uncertainties in the Roman galaxy shape calibration if it falls below the design goals. Furthermore, we report the first forecast of Roman constraints on a model-independent structure growth, parametrized by σ8(z), and on the Hu-Sawicki f(R) gravity as well as an improved forecast of the phenomenological (Σ0, μ0) model. We find that CMB lensing plays a crucial role in constraining σ8(z) at z &gt; 2, with percent-level constraints forecasted out to z = 4. CMB lensing information does not improve constraints on the f(R) model substantially. It does, however, increase the (Σ0, μ0) figure-of-merit by a factor of about 1.5.
TIC-320687387 B: a long-period eclipsing M-dwarf close to the hydrogen burning limit
Authors: Gill Samuel , Ulmer-Moll Solène , Wheatley Peter J , Bayliss Daniel , Burleigh Matthew R , Acton Jack S , Casewell Sarah L , Watson Christopher A , Lendl Monika , Worters Hannah L , Sefako Ramotholo R , Anderson David R , Alves Douglas R , Bouchy François , Bryant Edward M , Eigmüller Philipp , Gillen Edward , Goad Michael R , Grieves Nolan , Günther Maximilian N , Henderson Beth A , Jenkins James S , Mishra Lokesh , Moyano Maximiliano , Osborn Hugh P , Tilbrook Rosanna H , Udry Stéphane , Vines Jose I , West Richard G 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
We are using precise radial velocities from CORALIE together with precision photometry from the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) to follow-up stars with single-transit events detected with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). As part of this survey, we identified a single transit on the star TIC-320687387, a bright (T = 11.6) G-dwarf observed by TESS in Sectors 13 and 27. From subsequent monitoring of TIC-320687387 with CORALIE, NGTS, and Lesedi we determined that the companion, TIC-320687387 B, is a very low-mass star with a mass of $96.2 \pm _{2.0}^{1.9}$ MJ and radius of $1.14 \pm _{0.02}^{0.02}$ RJ placing it close to the hydrogen burning limit (∼80 MJ). TIC-320687387 B is tidally decoupled and has an eccentric orbit, with a period of 29.77381 d and an eccentricity of 0.366 ± 0.003. Eclipsing systems such as TIC-320687387 AB allow us to test stellar evolution models for low-mass stars, which in turn are needed to calculate accurate masses and radii for exoplanets orbiting single low-mass stars. The sizeable orbital period of TIC-320687387 B makes it particularly valuable as its evolution can be assumed to be free from perturbations caused by tidal interactions with its G-type host star.
Imperfect guide-RNA (igRNA) enables CRISPR single-base editing with ABE and CBE
Authors: Zhao Dongdong , Jiang Guo , Li Ju , Chen Xuxu , Li Siwei , Wang Jie , Zhou Zuping , Pu Shiming , Dai Zhubo , Ma Yanhe , Bi Changhao , Zhang Xueli 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
CRISPR base editing techniques tend to edit multiple bases in the targeted region, which is a limitation for precisely reverting disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We designed an imperfect gRNA (igRNA) editing methodology, which utilized a gRNA with one or more bases that were not complementary to the target locus to direct base editing toward the generation of a single-base edited product. Base editing experiments illustrated that igRNA editing with CBEs greatly increased the single-base editing fraction relative to normal gRNA editing with increased editing efficiencies. Similar results were obtained with an adenine base editor (ABE). At loci such as DNMT3B, NSD1, PSMB2, VIATA hs267 and ANO5, near-perfect single-base editing was achieved. Normally an igRNA with good single-base editing efficiency could be selected from a set of a few igRNAs, with a simple protocol. As a proof-of-concept, igRNAs were used in the research to construct cell lines of disease-associated SNP causing primary hyperoxaluria construction research. This work provides a simple strategy to achieve single-base base editing with both ABEs and CBEs and overcomes a key obstacle that limits the use of base editors in treating SNP-associated diseases or creating disease-associated SNP-harboring cell lines and animal models.
The dimerization interface of initiator RctB governs chaperone and enhancer dependence of Vibrio cholerae chromosome 2 replication
Authors: Kothapalli Roopa , Ghirlando Rodolfo , Khan Zaki Ali , Chatterjee Soniya , Kedei Noemi , Chattoraj Dhruba K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Protein function often requires remodeling of protein structure. In the well-studied iteron-containing plasmids, the initiator of replication has a dimerization interface that undergoes chaperone-mediated remodeling. This remodeling reduces dimerization and promotes DNA replication, since only monomers bind origin DNA. A structurally homologs interface exists in RctB, the replication initiator of Vibrio cholerae chromosome 2 (Chr2). Chaperones also promote Chr2 replication, although both monomers and dimers of RctB bind to origin, and chaperones increase the binding of both. Here we report how five changes in the dimerization interface of RctB affect the protein. The mutants are variously defective in dimerization, more active as initiator, and except in one case, unresponsive to chaperone (DnaJ). The results indicate that chaperones also reduce RctB dimerization and support the proposal that the paradoxical chaperone-promoted dimer binding likely represents sequential binding of monomers on DNA. RctB is also activated for replication initiation upon binding to a DNA site, crtS, and three of the mutants are also unresponsive to crtS. This suggests that crtS, like chaperones, reduces dimerization, but additional evidence suggests that the remodelling activities function independently. Involvement of two remodelers in reducing dimerization signifies the importance of dimerization in limiting Chr2 replication.
Nonmodular oscillator and switch based on RNA decay drive regeneration of multimodal gene expression
Authors: Nordick Benjamin , Yu Polly Y , Liao Guangyuan , Hong Tian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Periodic gene expression dynamics are key to cell and organism physiology. Studies of oscillatory expression have focused on networks with intuitive regulatory negative feedback loops, leaving unknown whether other common biochemical reactions can produce oscillations. Oscillation and noise have been proposed to support mammalian progenitor cells’ capacity to restore heterogenous, multimodal expression from extreme subpopulations, but underlying networks and specific roles of noise remained elusive. We use mass-action-based models to show that regulated RNA degradation involving as few as two RNA species—applicable to nearly half of human protein-coding genes—can generate sustained oscillations without explicit feedback. Diverging oscillation periods synergize with noise to robustly restore cell populations’ bimodal expression on timescales of days. The global bifurcation organizing this divergence relies on an oscillator and bistable switch which cannot be decomposed into two structural modules. Our work reveals surprisingly rich dynamics of post-transcriptional reactions and a potentially widespread mechanism underlying development, tissue regeneration, and cancer cell heterogeneity.
Promoting good and sustainable work in occupational health education
Authors: Siegrist Johannes , Bollmann Ulrike 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe world of work is facing severe challenges due to rapid technological change, globalization, climate change and, more recently, the Covid-19 pandemic. Occupational health professionals must deal with these challenges, but it is unclear how well they have been prepared for this task by their academic training programmes.AimsTo explore content and learning objectives related to these challenges in the curricula of Occupational Medicine (OM) and Occupational Safety, Industrial Hygiene and Ergonomics (OSH), we conducted an online survey among academic leaders of these programmes in universities of several European countries. In addition, related programmes in Human Resource Management (HRM) training were included.MethodsSelected study programmes were explored in terms of the main topics and learning objectives related to the challenges for promoting good and sustainable work in universities in Europe. The study programmes were identified through contacts with professional associations and a website search. Given the exploratory, non-representative study design, data analysis was limited to description.ResultsOM and OSH programmes addressed the above challenges to a very limited extent, except for their disciplinary approach to work-related diseases and injuries. In contrast, HRM programmes were dealing more extensively with globalization, climate change and digitisation.ConclusionsSignificant limitations of knowledge and competences in dealing with the key challenges of the modern world of work were identified. More relational, ethical and interdisciplinary learning is needed in these programmes, addressing core issues of today’s world of work.
Molecular Evolution of Plant 14-3-3 Proteins and Function of Hv14-3-3A in Stomatal Regulation and Drought Tolerance
Authors: Jiang Wei , Tong Tao , Li Wen , Huang Zhenghong , Chen Guang , Zeng Fanrong , Riaz Adeel , Amoanimaa-Dede Hanna , Pan Rui , Zhang Wenying , Deng Fenglin , Chen Zhong-Hua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Drought significantly affects stomatal regulation, leading to the reduced growth and productivity of plants. Plant 14-3-3 proteins were reported to participate in drought response by regulating the activities of a wide array of target proteins. However, the molecular evolution, expression pattern and physiological functions of 14-3-3s under drought stress remain unclear. In this study, a comparative genomic analysis and the tissue-specific expression of 14-3-3s revealed the highly conserved and early evolution of 14-3-3s in green plants and duplication and expansion of the 14-3-3s family members in angiosperms. Using barley (Hordeum vulgare) for the functional characterization of 14-3-3 proteins, the transcripts of five members out of six Hv14-3-3s were highly induced by drought in the drought-tolerant line, XZ141. Suppression of the expression of Hv14-3-3A through barley stripe mosaic virus-virus induced gene silencing resulted in significantly increased drought sensitivity and stomatal density as well as significantly reduced net CO2 assimilation (A) and stomatal conductance (gs) in barley. Moreover, we showed the functional interactions between Hv14-3-3s and key proteins in drought and stomatal responses in plants—such as Open Stomata 1 (HvOST1), Slow Anion Channel 1 (HvSLAC1), three Heat Shock Proteins (HvHSP90-1/2/5) and Dehydration-Responsive Element-Binding 3 (HvDREB3). Taken together, we propose that 14-3-3s are highly evolutionarily conserved proteins and that Hv14-3-3s represent a group of the core regulatory components for the rapid stomatal response to drought in barley. This study will provide important evolutionary and molecular evidence for future applications of 14-3-3 proteins in breeding drought-tolerant crops in a changing global climate.
Sorghum Ionomics Reveals the Functional SbHMA3a Allele that Limits Excess Cadmium Accumulation in Grains
Authors: Wahinya Fiona Wacera , Yamazaki Kiyoshi , Jing Zihuan , Takami Tsuneaki , Kamiya Takehiro , Kajiya-Kanegae Hiromi , Takanashi Hideki , Iwata Hiroyoshi , Tsutsumi Nobuhiro , Fujiwara Toru , Sakamoto Wataru 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Understanding uptake and redistribution of essential minerals or sequestering of toxic elements is important for optimized crop production. Although the mechanisms controlling mineral transport have been elucidated in rice and other species, little is understood in sorghum—an important C4 cereal crop. Here, we assessed the genetic factors that govern grain ionome profiles in sorghum using recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between BTx623 and NOG (Takakibi). Pairwise correlation and clustering analysis of 22 elements, measured in sorghum grains harvested under greenhouse conditions, indicated that the parental lines, as well as the RILs, show different ionomes. In particular, BTx623 accumulated significantly higher levels of cadmium (Cd) than NOG, because of differential root-to-shoot translocation factors between the two lines. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis revealed a prominent QTL for grain Cd concentration on chromosome 2. Detailed analysis identified SbHMA3a, encoding a P1B-type ATPase heavy metal transporter, as responsible for low Cd accumulation in grains; the NOG allele encoded a functional HMA3 transporter (SbHMA3a-NOG) whose Cd-transporting activity was confirmed by heterologous expression in yeast. BTx623 possessed a truncated, loss-of-function SbHMA3a allele. The functionality of SbHMA3a in NOG was confirmed by Cd concentrations of F2 grains derived from the reciprocal cross, in which the NOG allele behaved in a dominant manner. We concluded that SbHMA3a-NOG is a Cd transporter that sequesters excess Cd in root tissues, as shown in other HMA3s. Our findings will facilitate the isolation of breeding cultivars with low Cd in grains or in exploiting high-Cd cultivars for phytoremediation.
Large differences in bacterial community composition of nearby shallow lakes surrounded by Nothofagus pumilio forest in Patagonia (Argentina)
Authors: Bastidas Navarro Marcela 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are integrated in a terrestrial landscape, receiving continuously soil and plant-derived material. In Patagonia, the deciduous beech Nothofagus pumilio constitutes an important source of organic matter for aquatic environments. Here, I attempted to analyze bacterial communities, including genetic diversity and metabolic functioning, in four nearby lakes located under a N. pumilio forest (Chall-Huaco Mountain, Argentina). I combined fieldwork and experiments to assess physicochemical characteristics, bacterial community composition (BCC) and Carbon (C)-consumption. Physicochemical variables analyzed with NMDS showed a clear segregation of all the studied lakes. Similarly, BCC differed among lakes, maintaining its differences regardless of the seasons. Variables that significantly affected bacterial community structuring were dissolved P concentration and protein-like DOM component. The number of specialist operational taxonomic units was higher than that of generalists, but the latter doubled specialists in number of sequences. The last suggests that generalists may be responsible for the differences in BCC among lakes, and species sorting appears to be the main mechanism structuring the metacommunity. These results showed that even at a small geographic scale distinctive bacterial communities can be developed in lakes under the influence of N. pumilio forest.
Long COVID syndrome and the lung: how long will it last?
Authors: Mitchell P D , Olaniyi J , Buckley C , Donnelly S C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The prevalence and duration of the long-term respiratory complications of COVID-19 infection remains to be elucidated. This short commentary reports on recently published studies in patients post-acute COVID-19 infection in terms of symptom prevalence, physiological and radiological sequela and where only symptoms are present despite investigation. Pulmonary function testing, 6-min walk tests, computed tomography chest and more advanced imaging modalities have been incorporated to reveal the underlying pathophysiology that cause such disabling symptoms in patient with post-acute COVID-9 syndrome (PACS). PACS has a serious impact on people’s ability to return to work, affecting the physical, mental, social sphere and with significant healthcare and general economic consequences for them, their families and society.
The impact of a csDMARD in combination with a TNF inhibitor on drug retention and clinical remission in axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Nissen Michael , Delcoigne Bénédicte , Di Giuseppe Daniela , Jacobsson Lennart , Hetland Merete Lund , Ciurea Adrian , Nekvindova Lucie , Iannone Florenzo , Akkoc Nurullah , Sokka-Isler Tuulikki , Fagerli Karen Minde , Santos Maria Jose , Codreanu Catalin , Pombo-Suarez Manuel , Rotar Ziga , Gudbjornsson Bjorn , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene , Loft Anne Gitte , Möller Burkhard , Mann Herman , Conti Fabrizio , Yildirim Cetin Gozde , Relas Heikki , Michelsen Brigitte , Avila Ribeiro Pedro , Ionescu Ruxandra , Sanchez-Piedra Carlos , Tomsic Matija , Geirsson Árni Jón , Askling Johan , Glintborg Bente , Lindström Ulf 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Many axial spondylarthritis (axSpA) patients receive a conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD) in combination with a TNF inhibitor (TNFi). However, the value of this co-therapy remains unclear. The objectives were to describe the characteristics of axSpA patients initiating a first TNFi as monotherapy compared with co-therapy with csDMARD, to compare one-year TNFi retention and remission rates, and to explore the impact of peripheral arthritis.

Methods
Data was collected from 13 European registries. One-year outcomes included TNFi retention and hazard ratios (HR) for discontinuation with 95% CIs. Logistic regression was performed with adjusted odds ratios (OR) of achieving remission (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS)-CRP &lt; 1.3 and/or BASDAI &lt; 2) and stratified by treatment. Inter-registry heterogeneity was assessed using random-effect meta-analyses, combined results were presented when heterogeneity was not significant. Peripheral arthritis was defined as ≥1 swollen joint at baseline (=TNFi start).

Results
Amongst 24 171 axSpA patients, 32% received csDMARD co-therapy (range across countries: 13.5% to 71.2%). The co-therapy group had more baseline peripheral arthritis and higher CRP than the monotherapy group. One-year TNFi-retention rates (95% CI): 79% (78, 79%) for TNFi monotherapy vs 82% (81, 83%) with co-therapy (P &lt; 0.001). Remission was obtained in 20% on monotherapy and 22% on co-therapy (P &lt; 0.001); adjusted OR of 1.16 (1.07, 1.25). Remission rates at 12 months were similar in patients with/without peripheral arthritis.

Conclusion
This large European study of axial SpA patients showed similar one-year treatment outcomes for TNFi monotherapy and csDMARD co-therapy, although considerable heterogeneity across countries limited the identification of certain subgroups (e.g. peripheral arthritis) that may benefit from co-therapy.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A PEDIATRIC THYROID PHANTOM FOR USE IN RADIO-IODINE UPTAKE MEASUREMENT, IMAGE QUALITY CONTROL AND DOSIMETRY
Authors: Sookhaki Saeed , Sina Sedigheh , Karimipourfard Mehrnoosh , Alavi Mehrosadat , Shoushtari Fereshteh Khodadadi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Estimating internal contamination from 131I for children in nuclear accidents is a crucial subject in the radiation protection field. Throughout this paper, an urgent and simple method was proposed for measuring 131I inside the pediatric thyroid gland by constructing a neck and thyroid phantom. For this purpose, CT scan images of healthy child’s thyroids were obtained, and the sizes of different parts were determined by a 3D slicer image processing software. Girls with the body surface area between 0.95 and 1.05 were involved in this study. The fabricated phantom is composed of 5 cylindrical slabs of 2-cm thickness, and several small holes were constructed for TLD dosemeters near the thyroid gland and all other parts of the neck. The phantom was constructed utilizing a 3D printer with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic. The thyroid phantom was filled with radioiodine-131, and calibration curves were plotted for contamination estimation. A nodular thyroid phantom was also constructed. The nodular phantom or the resolution phantom has 4 removable parts containing cylindrical holes with diameters of 3, 6, 9 and 12 mm. These holes on the thyroid glands can be filled with different activities of radionuclides to serve as hot and cold spots for quality control of nuclear medicine images. The results show that the designed phantom is applicable in different fields such as nuclear image quality and resolution tests, dosimetry and iodine thyroid uptake estimation in nuclear medicine departments, and nuclear emergency monitoring.
Primary and Secondary Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Women, 2010 to 2019
Authors: Learner Emily R. , Grey Jeremy A. , Bernstein Kyle , Kirkcaldy Robert D. , Torrone Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The relative proportion of cases of primary and secondary syphilis among men who have sex with men and women reported through national case report data from 2010 to 2019 seemed stable overall and were stratified by race/ethnicity, region, and age group, but case counts increased.
The Price of Publishing: An Investigation of the Open Access Landscape in Plastic Surgery
Authors: Yesantharao Pooja S. , Long Chao , Sacks Justin M. , Lee Gordon K. , Nazerali Rahim S. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Open access publishing in plastic surgery has rapidly gained traction in the past decade. This study investigated the digital landscape of plastic surgery open access publishing.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional bibliometric investigation of plastic surgery–focused journals. Three publication models were investigated: subscription-only journals, hybrid journals offering both paywalled and open access publishing, and open access–only journals.

Results:
Eighty-two journals were investigated. In 2010, open access journals comprised 18 percent of all plastic surgery journals online, subscription journals comprised 79 percent, and hybrid journals comprised 3 percent. Conversely, in 2020, open access journals comprised 55 percent of all journals, hybrid journals comprised 45 percent, and there were no subscription-only journals. Multivariable linear regression adjusting for article type/content demonstrated that open access articles from hybrid journals [beta coefficient, 1.3; F(4, 18) = 790; p = 0.05] and high-quality open access journals [beta coefficient, 0.9; F(4, 19) = 738; p = 0.04] were significantly positively associated with number of full-text views. Although impact factor and article processing charges were positively correlated [Pearson correlation coefficient: r(25) = 0.39, p = 0.04] for open access publishing, some high-quality open access journals were found to offer fee waivers/free publishing. Lastly, level of evidence offered by articles from open access versus hybrid journals differed.

Conclusions:
Overall, this study highlighted important distinctions between trustworthy and predatory journals offering open access publishing in plastic surgery. Open access publishing in trustworthy sources offers greater visibility and is not necessarily cost-prohibitive, but some open access journals can be limited in scope (i.e., less coverage of subspecialty topics) and quality of content. Study findings were used to generate recommendations for navigating open access publishing in plastic surgery.