bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geophysical Characterization of Mining-Induced Complex Geological Deformations in a Deep Coalmine
Authors: Khan Majid , Xueqiu He , Farid Asam , Jianqiang Chen , Honglei Wang , Dazhao Song , Chao Zhou 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a new way of characterizing the mining-driven complex geological deformations is presented by utilizing a continuous real-time microseismic (MS) data acquired through passive seismological monitoring. The data was processed, and the source parameters were computed encompassing over 60,000 MS events. The correlation between MS events and regional stratigraphy reveals that the Upper and Middle Xishanyao Formations substantially contributed to induced seismicity. Most of the high-energy events (&gt;3000 J) are located between 1200 and 1400 m in the coal seams and above, indicative of formation of the macrofracture in the roof rock layers perturbing the limits required for the equilibrium state of roof structure. Taking advantage of the recorded events, a large number of induced fractures are mapped and interpreted associated lineaments and their deformation mechanism is discussed. The correlation of mapped fractures and lineaments with MS energy showed an extremely erratic and complicated pattern revealing the different levels of accumulated stress. Based on the orientation and geometry, regional lineaments were classified into two broad systems that provided guidance for determining the propagation directions of the deformation. Based on the in-depth analysis of fractures and lineaments, a new fault is identified with length&gt;700 m and various splays oriented in different directions serving as a new tool in rock engineering. An upsurged shear stress and decreased normal stress along the fault may lead to enhanced induced seismicity. Furthermore, a total of 5 vulnerable zones are identified as an example offering insights for worldwide geohazard assessments.
Failure of Rock Slopes with Intermittent Joints: Failure Process and Stability Calculation Models
Authors: Zhou Zihan , Chen Zhonghui , Shen Yanjun , Bao Min , Nian Gengqian , Zhang Lingfei , Liu Yuting 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Rock slopes with intermittent joints in open-pit mines are complex geological bodies composed of intact rock and discontinuous structural planes, and their stability analysis are necessary for mine disaster prevention. In this study, a series of base friction tests were performed to determine the failure process and displacement field evolution of rock slopes with intermittent joints using the speckle technique of a noncontact measurement system. Next, stability calculation models of the slopes were established from the energy perspective using the plastic limit analysis theory, and the effects of the joint inclination angle and coalescence coefficient of rock bridges on the slope stability were evaluated. The four main conclusions are as follows: (1) The failure of rock slopes with intermittent joints shows the feature of collapse-lower traction-upper push. (2) Based on the failure modes of rock bridges in slopes, the failure of rock slopes with intermittent joints could be divided into three types: tensile coalescence (type A), shear coalescence (type B), and tensile–shear coalescence (type C). (3) Among the three slope types, the stability of the type A slope is significantly influenced by rock cohesion, whereas that of the type B slope is significantly influenced by joint cohesion. The stability of type C slope is significantly influenced by the joint inclination angle and joint friction angle. (4) The local-stable slope is unstable while the first through-tensile crack in the zone of the potential sliding body higher than the critical instability height appeared. This study guides the stability evaluation and instability prediction of jointed rock slopes in open-pit mines.
Konsep Nilai-Nilai Karakter Islami Sebagai Pembentuk Peradaban Manusia
Authors: Hermawan Iwan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Character education is not a process of memorizing exam questions, and answering techniques. Character education requires habituation, because characters are not formed instantly, but must be trained seriously and proportionally. Al-Qur'an as a source of ethics and morals certainly has its own views related to character education. The concept of Islamic character values is the basic concept of Islam, namely religion that leads humans to become civilized or morality (ihsan), and it is stated directly by the Messenger of Allah, that he was sent to perfect morality. To be a human being who has a moral mercy must start from the learning process (iqra). From the results of learning that humans can trust (iman) because their knowledge is not because they go along (taqlid), because proof of faith is spoken orally, believed in the heart, practiced through the actions of the limbs. Furthermore, the implementation of faith is Taqwa which means fear of God based on consciousness by doing all His commands and avoiding all His prohibitions and fear of falling into sinful acts. Therefore the ultimate goal of Islamic character values is taqwa in the form of moral mercy.
Keywords: Concept of Character Values, Islamic Character, Human Civilization
Abstrak
Pendidikan karakter bukanlah sebuah proses menghafal materi soal ujian, dan teknik-teknik menjawabnya. Pendidikan karakter memerlukan pembiasaan, karena karakter tidak terbentuk secara instan, tapi harus dilatih secara serius dan proporsional. Al-Qur’an sebagai sumber etika dan moral tentu memiliki pandangan tersendiri terkait dengan pendidikan karakter. Konsep nilai-nilai karakter islami adalah konsep dasar dari agama islam itu sendiri yaitu agama yang menuntun manusia menjadi beradab atau berakhlak karimah (ihsan), dan itu dinyatakan langsung oleh rasulullah saw, bahwa beliau diutus untuk menyempurnakan akhlak. Untuk menjadi manusia yang berakhlak karimah harus yang dimulai dari proses belajar (iqra). Dari hasil belajar itulah manusia dapat mempercayai (beriman) karena ilmunya bukan karena ikut-ikutan (taqlid), karena bukti iman adalah diucapkan dengan lisan, diyakini dalam hati, diamalkan lewat perbuatan anggota badan. Selanjutnya implementasi iman itu adalah Taqwa yang berarti takut kepada Allah berdasarkan kesadaran dengan mengerjakan segala perintah-Nya dan menjauhi segala larangan-Nya serta takut terjerumus dalam perbuatan dosa. Oleh karenanya tujuan akhir dari nilai-nilai karakter islami adalah taqwa yang berupa akhlak karimah.
Kata Kunci: Konsep Nilai-nilai Karakter, Karakter Islami, Peradaban Manusia.
Kepemimpinan Inovatif dalam Pengembangan Organisasi dan Team
Authors: Jaudi  
Published: February 2022

Artikel ini menyajikan tentang organisasi senantiasa mengalami perubahan karena faktor pendorong baik yang berasal dari dalam organisai maupun luar organisasi. Saat ini, agar suatu organisasi mampu bertahan tidak cukup hanya mengandalkan kharisma seorang pemimpin, maka diperlukan pula kecerdasan dari seorang pemimpin untuk merespon berbagai perubahan yang terjadi disekitarnya serta melakukan berbagai macam inovasi, baik itu melaui Organizational Development (OD), Team Building maupun Pengembangan Individu untuk membentuk perilaku innovative. Metodologi atau Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode atau pendekatan library research, sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menelaah beberapa buku, jurnal baik yang berbentuk cetak maupun elektronik serta sumber-sumber data dan atau informasi lainnya yang dianggap relevan dengan kajian. Temuan dalam kajian ini kinerja adalah dalam diri manusia terdapat kecerdasan spiritual (spiritual quotient SQ), sebagai salah satu model kepemimpinan yang perlu diadopsi dan mendapat tanggapan dari seorang pemimpin yakni model kepemimpinan spiritual. Dalam melakukan pengembangan organisasi hendaknya memperhatikan faktor komunikasi baik tentang program, proses maupun monitoring dan evaluasi), sosiologis, psikologis dan historis yang melingkupi organisasi sehingga pada saat seorang pemimpin melakukan perubahan tidak akan terjadi gejolak yang besar diantara para anggota organisasi.

Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan inovatif, organisasi.
Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural di Era Revolusi 4.0
Authors: Adya Winata Koko 
Published: February 2022

This paper examines and describes the implementation of multicultural education components in the 4.0 revolution era. Multicultural Education provides an understanding of various types of educational activities as an integral part of universal culture. Multicultural education emphasizes a philosophy of cultural pluralism into the education system based on the principles of equality, mutual respect, tolerance, acceptance and understanding. Tolerance in diversity and moral commitment to social justice. Multicultural Education is perceived as an endeavor to achieve the shared life of diverse and heterogeneous human beings in an era of globalization which is full of new challenges. Through multicultural education, students are taught that diversity is a necessity that must be maintained and maintained. The components of multicultural education are directly related to learning objectives, materials, methods, media and evaluations that explain to students about the phenomenon of diversity. The component must be prepared in the implementation of multicultural education that will provide understanding to students such as gender, religion, social, ethnic and urban society. By using qualitative research methods researchers can explain and analyze how the implementation of multicultural education components in the 4.0 revolution era.
Keywords: Multicultural Components Educational Implementation, Revolutionary Era 4.0
Pelaksanaan Supervisi Akademik Kepala Madrasah Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Profesionalisme Guru Untuk Memotivasi Belajar Siswa MTs Muqoddimatul Akhlak Curah Wungkal Silo Jember
Authors: Achmad Karimulah  , Nur Ittihadatul Ummah  
Published: February 2022

Pelaksanaan supervisi akademik merupakan hal penting dalam sebuah Madrasah. Dengan adanya supervisi akademik diharapkan dapat memberikan penyegaran bagi guru dalam bentuk bantuan teknis, bimbingan, pembinaan dan perbaikan kinerja sebagai upaya meningkatkan profesionalisme guru untuk memotivasi siswa belajar siswa sehingga dapat mencapai tujuan pendidikan nasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) Pelaksanaan supervisi akademik Kepala Madrasah dalam membantu guru menyusun rencana pembelajaran sebagai upaya meningkatkan profesionalisme guru untuk memotivasi belajar siswa dengan membimbing guru membuat rencana pembelajaran (RPP) dan perangkat pembelajaran, menfasilitasi guru yang mengalami kesulitan dan memberikan penilaian dan saran revisi untuk perbaikan perangkat pembelajaran. Teknik supervisi yang dilakukan yakni pertemuan individu (2) Pelaksanaan supervisi akademik Kepala Madrasah dalam membantu mengembangkan kemampuan guru mengelola proses pembelajaran sebagai upaya meningkatkan profesionalisme guru untuk memotivasi belajar siswa dengan melakukan supervisi guru pada saat proses pembelajaran berlangsung dengan teknik supervisi kunjungan kelas, observasi kelas dan pertemuan individu. Penilaian pengelolaan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh Kepala Madrasah adalah proses pembelajaran di kelas yang meliputi: kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti dan kegiatan penutup (3) Pelaksanaan supervisi akademik Kepala Madrasah dalam membimbing perilaku mengajar guru sebagai upaya meningkatkan profesionalisme guru untuk memotivasi belajar siswa yaitu Kepala madrasah senantiasa mengingatkan dan memberi contoh perilaku yang baik kepada para guru dengan teknik supervisi penilaian diri sendiri dan pertemuan individu.

Kata kunci: Supervisi Akademik, Profesionalisme Guru, Motivasi Belajar siswa
Identifying the Origins of Extreme Rainfall in South Africa Using Storm Trajectory Analysis and Unsupervised Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Philips Rhys , Johnson Katelyn , Barnes Andrew Paul , Kjeldsen Thomas Rodding 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Extreme rainfall events can have a detrimental impact on both human life and infrastructure, regularly ranked as the number one risks global risks to infrastructure. Climate change is likely to exacerbate the magnitude of extreme rainfall events and developing an understanding of the underlying causes will be key to improve infrastructure resilience and the prediction of such events in the future. This study has utilised National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis 1 project meteorological data and the HYSPLIT model to extract the air parcel trajectories for selected historical extreme rainfall events in South Africa. The k -means unsupervised machine learning algorithm has been used to cluster the resulting trajectories and from this the spatial origin of moisture for each of the rainfall events has been determined. It has been demonstrated that rainfall events on the east coast with moisture originating from the Indian Ocean have distinctly larger average maximum daily rainfall magnitudes (279mm) compared to those that occur on the west coast with Atlantic Ocean influences (149mm) and those events occurring in the central plateau (150mm) where moisture has been continentally recirculated. Further to this, this study has suggested new metrics by which the HYSPLIT trajectories may be assessed and demonstrated the applicability of trajectory clustering in a region not previously studied. This insight may in future facilitate improved early warning systems based on monitoring of atmospheric systems and an understanding of rainfall magnitudes and origins can be used to improve the prediction of design floods for infrastructure design.
SARS-COV-2 Vaccine Responses in Renal Patient Populations
Authors: Smith Rona , Cooper Daniel , Doffinger Rainer , Stacey Hannah , Al-Mohammad Abdulrahman , Goodfellow Ian , Baker Stephen , Lear Sara , Hosmilo Myra , Pritchard Nicholas , Torpey Nicholas , Jayne David , Yiu Vivien , Vilnar Enric , Chalisey Anil , Lee Jacinta , Cheung Chee Kay , Jones Rachel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDialysis patients and immunosuppressed renal patients are at increased risk of COVID-19 and were excluded from vaccine trials. We conducted a prospective multicentre study to assess SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody responses in dialysis patients and renal transplant recipients, and patients receiving immunosuppression for autoimmune disease. Methods Patients were recruited from three UK centres (ethics:20/EM/0180) and compared to healthy controls (ethics:17/EE/0025). SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies to spike protein were measured using a multiplex Luminex assay, after first and second doses of Pfizer BioNTech BNT162b2(Pfizer) or Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1nCoV-19(AZ) vaccine.Results692 patients were included (260 dialysis, 209 transplant, 223 autoimmune disease (prior rituximab 128(57%)) and 144 healthy controls. 299(43%) patients received Pfizer vaccine and 379(55%) received AZ. Following two vaccine doses, positive responses occurred in 96% dialysis, 52% transplant, 70% autoimmune patients and 100% of healthy controls. In dialysis patients, higher antibody responses were observed with the Pfizer vaccination. Predictors of poor antibody response were triple immunosuppression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]0.016;95%CI0.002-0.13;p<0.001) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (aOR0.2;95%CI 0.1-0.42;p<0.001) in transplant patients; rituximab within 12 months in autoimmune patients (aOR0.29;95%CI 0.008–0.096;p<0.001) and patients receiving immunosuppression with eGFR 15-29ml/min (aOR0.031;95%CI 0.11–0.84;p=0.021). ConclusionsAmongst dialysis, kidney transplant and autoimmune populations SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody responses are reduced compared to healthy controls. A reduced response to vaccination was associated with rituximab, MMF, triple immunosuppression CKD stage 4. Vaccine responses increased after the second dose, suggesting low-responder groups should be prioritised for repeated vaccination. Greater antibody responses were observed with the mRNA Pfizer vaccine compared to adenovirus AZ vaccine in dialysis patients suggesting that Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 vaccine should be the preferred vaccine choice in this sub-group.
Effect of the pre-photorefractive keratectomy Schirmer value on the post-photorefractive keratectomy central epithelial thickness, ocular surface disease index scores, and uncorrected visual acuity
Authors: Ekinci Metin , Güneş İrfan Botan , Öztürk Hakan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the pre-photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) Schirmer value on the post-PRK central epithelial thickness (CET), Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores and uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA). Methods: After the exclusion of patients, 106 patients were analyzed (n = 54 for control group; n = 52 for dry eye group). Best corrected visual acuity levels, detailed anterior segment and fundus examinations of the patients, intraocular pressures were recorded. Corneal thickness measurements were performed. Tear film break-up time (BUT) and Schirmer’s tests were applied to all patients. The OSDI questionnaire was administered to all patients at the third month after the operation. The patients were divided into two groups according to the preoperative Schirmer’s value as follows: control group (preoperative Schirmer value over 10 mm) and dry eye group (preoperative Schirmer 1 value between 0–10 mm). After the surgical procedure, the measurements and questionnaire were repeated. Results: The mean OSDI score and CET value increased significantly in dry eye group at the third month after the operation compared to the preoperative period (P < .001). After PRK, UCVA does not show a significant difference between groups. Conclusion: Laser surgery affects the corneal epithelial thickness in some patients and reduces visual comfort. Thus, it can be suggested that dry eye should be treated preoperatively, followed by PRK.
Challenges Faced by Midwives in the Implementation of Facility-Based Maternal Death Reviews in Malawi.
Authors: Chirwa Mercy Dokiso , Nyasulu Juliet , Modiba Lebitsi , Limando Makombo Ganga- 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:Midwives are the key health care personnel involved in facility-based maternal death reviews in Malawi. Maternal death reviews provide in-depth understanding of causes of maternal deaths. Midwives are well positioned to provide positive and negative stories surrounding women’s pregnancy experiences which could provide a clear understanding of predisposing factors and potential solutions to maternal mortality. Despite midwives’ participation as members of the maternal death review team, maternal mortality continues to occur. Understanding the potential predisposing factors behind each death is key in devising evidence-based interventions to minimize the occurrence of maternal deaths. This study was therefore, conducted to explore and describe the challenges faced by midwives as they participate in maternal death reviews in the context of the healthcare system in Malawi.Methods:Forty midwives participated in data collection at six district hospitals. Twelve Registered Nurse Midwives in senior positions (6 District Nursing Officers & 6 Matrons) described challenges faced by midwives in the implementation of facility-based maternal death review through face-to-face interviews, two from each of the six selected district hospitals. Twenty-eight midwives: 12 Registered Nurse Midwives and 16 Nurse Midwife Technicians participated in five focus group discussions, 2 and 3 respectively explored possible solutions and recommendations to address the identified challenges. All the participants had a minimum of two years’ experience participating in maternal death reviews. Data were analysed manually using thematic content procedure. Results:Challenges identified were: knowledge and skill gaps; leadership gap and lack of accountability; lack of institutional political will and inconsistency in conducting FBMDR, impeding midwives’ effective contribution to the implementation of maternal death review. The possible solutions and recommendations that emerged were need-based knowledge and skills updates, supportive leadership, effective and efficient interdisciplinary work ethics, and sustained availability of material and human resources.Conclusion:Midwives have the highest potential to contribute to the reduction of maternal deaths. Practice development strategies are required to improve their practice in all the areas they are challenged with.
Retinal Microvasculature Parameters with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Mean Ocular Perfusion Pressure Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhu Dandan , Liu Xun , Zhang Wenwen , Qiao Jing , Zhou Li , Xie Zheng-Gao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the ocular vascular variation involvement in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cohorts. The measurement of the retinal vessel density was performed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Methods
This study including 24 eyes of normal cognitively individuals (NC group), 23 eyes of MCI patients (MCI group) and 11 eyes of AD patients (AD group) measured retinal vessel density with OCTA. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) were calculated based on systemic blood pressure and intraocular pressure. We estimated the association between systemic and ocular vascular elements with cognitive assessment test (Mini-Mental Status Examination, MMSE) result by Pearson’s correlation and linear regression model test.
Results
The retinal microvascular density were significantly lower in AD group compared to NC group while foveal avascular zone(FAZ) area were larger in AD group versus NC group. Both FAZ and vascular density parameters showed significant correlation with MMSE. After multivariate linear regression analysis, only FAZ and outer ring of optic nerve head were significantly associated MMSE. There was significant difference among three groups in MAP value while it was MOPP was found significant correlation with MMSE.
Conclusion
The OCTA parameters showed statistic difference between AD group and NC group. While only FAZ and outer ring of optic nerve head were significantly associated with estimated MMSE in multivariate linear regression analysis. So FAZ and outer ring of optic nerve head might be regarded as potential indicators for representing early sign of preclinical stage of AD.