bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic sequencing characterizes a wide diversity of viruses in field mosquito samples in Nigeria
Authors: Oguzie Judith U. , Nwangwu Udoka C. , Oluniyi Paul E. , Olumade Testimony J. , George Uwem E. , Kazeem Akano , Bankole Bolajoko E. , Brimmo Farida O. , Asadu Chukwuemeka C. , Chukwuekezie Okechukwu C. , Ochu Josephine C. , Makwe Catherine O. , Dogunro Festus A. , Onwude Cosmas O. , Nwachukwu William E. , Ezihe Ebuka K. , Okonkwo Gilkenny K. , Umazi Ndubuisi E. , Maikere Jacob , Agashi Nneka O. , Eloy Emelda I. , Anokwu Stephen O. , Okoronkwo Angela I. , Nwosu Ebuka M. , Etiki Sandra O. , Ngwu Ifeoma M. , Ihekweazu Chikwe , Folarin Onikepe A. , Komolafe Isaac O. O. , Happi Christian T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMosquito vectors are a tremendous public health threat. One in six diseases worldwide is vector-borne transmitted mainly by mosquitoes. In the last couple of years, there have been active Yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreaks in many settings in Nigeria, and nationwide, entomological surveillance has been a significant effort geared towards understanding these outbreaks. In this study, we used a metagenomic sequencing approach to characterize viruses present in vector samples collected during various outbreaks of Yellow fever (YF) in Nigeria between 2017 and 2020. Mosquito samples were grouped into pools of 1 to 50 mosquitoes, each based on species, sex and location. Twenty-five pools of Aedes spp and one pool of Anopheles spp collected from nine states were sequenced and metagenomic analysis was carried out. We identified a wide diversity of viruses belonging to various families in this sample set. Seven different viruses detected included: Fako virus, Phasi Charoen-like virus, Verdadero virus, Chaq like-virus, Aedes aegypti totivirus, cell fusing agent virus and Tesano Aedes virus. Although there are no reports of these viruses being pathogenic, they are an understudied group in the same families and closely related to known pathogenic arboviruses. Our study highlights the power of next generation sequencing in identifying Insect specific viruses (ISVs), and provide insight into mosquito vectors virome in Nigeria.
Quantitative volumetric computed tomography embolic analysis, the Qanadli score, biomarkers, and clinical prognosis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Huang Wei-Ming , Wu Wen-Jui , Yang Sheng-Hsiung , Sung Kuo-Tzu , Hung Ta-Chuan , Hung Chung-Lieh , Yun Chun-Ho 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDetailed descriptions of acute pulmonary emboli (PE) morphology, total embolic volume (TEV), and their effects upon patients’ clinical presentation and prognosis remain largely unexplored. We studied 201 subjects with acute PE to the emergency department of a single medical center from April 2009 to December 2014. Patient hemodynamics, Troponin I and D-dimer levels, echocardiography, and the 30-day, 90-day and long-term mortality were obtained. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of pulmonary structures and 3-dimensional measures of embolic burden were performed. The results showed a linear association between the greater TEV and each of the following 4 variables (increasing incidence of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, higher systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), greater RV diameter, and RV/left ventricular (LV) ratio (all p < 0.001)). Among the measures of CT and echocardiography, TEV and RV/LV ratio were significantly associated with impending shock. In backward stepwise logistic regression, TEV, age and respiratory rate remained independent associated with impending shock (OR: 1.58, 1.03, 1.18, respectively and all p < 0.005).Total embolic burden assessed by CT-based quantification serves as a useful index for stressed cardiopulmonary circulation condition and can provide insights into RV dysfunction and the prediction of impending shock.
A three step recipe for designing auxetic materials on demand
Authors: Acuna Daniel , Gutiérrez Francisco , Silva Rodrigo , Palza Humberto , Nunez Alvaro S. , Düring Gustavo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnlike regular elastic materials, when auxetic materials are compressed, they become thinner in the direction perpendicular to the applied force. Despite their outstanding mechanical properties, a systematic design of new and controlled auxetics remains underdeveloped. Here we establish a unified framework to describe bidimensional perfect auxetics with potential use in the design of new materials. Inspired by a natural connection between rotating rigid units and antiferromagnetic spin systems, we unveil the conditions for the emergence of a non-trivial floppy mode responsible for the auxetic behaviour. This model establishes three simple steps to design new auxetics. In particular, we constructed an exotic crystal, a Penrose quasi-crystal and the long-desired isotropic auxetic. The auxeticity of these designs is robust under small structural disturbances, as seen from experiments and numerical simulations. We expect that this work will allow the implementation of auxetic behaviour into advanced materials to enhance their functionalities, with a promising extension into 3D auxetics.
Luminescence thermometry and field induced slow magnetic relaxation based on a near infrared emissive heterometallic complex
Authors: Karachousos-Spiliotakopoulos Konstantinos , Tangoulis Vassilis , Panagiotou Nikos , Tasiopoulos Anastasios , Moreno-Pineda Eufemio , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang , Schulze Michael , Botas Alexandre M. P. , Carlos Luis D. 
Published: May 2022

Multifunctional compound featuring SMM magnetic properties and temperature-dependent photoluminescent characteristics.
Indirect recognition of pathogen effectors by NLRs
Authors: Ao Kevin , Li Xin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To perceive pathogen threats, plants utilize both plasma membrane-localized and intracellular receptors. Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) proteins are key receptors that can recognize pathogen-derived intracellularly delivered effectors and activate downstream defense. Exciting recent findings have propelled our understanding of the various recognition and activation mechanisms of plant NLRs. Some NLRs directly bind to effectors, but others can perceive effector-induced changes on targeted host proteins (guardees), or non-functional host protein mimics (decoys). Such guarding strategies are thought to afford the host more durable resistance to quick-evolving and diverse pathogens. Here, we review classic and recent examples of indirect effector recognition by NLRs and discuss strategies for the discovery and study of new NLR-decoy/guardee systems. We also provide a perspective on how executor NLRs and helper NLRs (hNLRs) provide recognition for a wider range of effectors through sensor NLRs and how this can be considered an expanded form of indirect recognition. Furthermore, we summarize recent structural findings on NLR activation and resistosome formation upon indirect recognition. Finally, we discuss existing and potential applications that harness NLR indirect recognition for plant disease resistance and crop resilience.
Properties of IR-selected active galactic nuclei
Authors: Bornancini C. G. , Oio G. A. , Alonso M. V. , García Lambas D. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of galaxies play an important role in the life and evolution of galaxies through the impact they exert on certain properties and on the evolutionary path of galaxies. It is well known that infrared (IR) emission is useful for selecting galaxies with AGNs, although it has been observed that there is contamination by star-forming galaxies.
Aims. We investigate the properties of galaxies that host AGNs that are identified at mid- (MIR) and near-IR wavelengths. The sample of AGNs selected at IR wavelengths was confirmed using optical spectroscopy and X-ray photometry. We study the near-UV, optical, near-IR and MIR properties, as well as the [O III] λ5007 luminosity, black hole mass, and morphology properties of optical and IR colour-selected AGNs.
Methods. We selected AGN candidates using two MIR colour selection techniques: a power-law emission method, and a combination of MIR and near-IR selection techniques. We confirmed the AGN selection with two line diagnostic diagrams that use the ratio [O III]/Hβ and the emission line width σ[O III] (kinematics–excitation diagram, KEx) and the host galaxy stellar mass (mass–excitation diagram, MEx), as well as X-ray photometry.
Results. According to the diagnostic diagrams, the methods with the greatest success in selecting AGNs are those that use a combination of a mid- and near-IR selection technique and a power-law emission. The method that uses a combination of MIR and near-IR observations selects a large number of AGNs and is reasonably efficient in the success rate (61%) and total number of AGNs recovered. We also find that the KEx method presents contamination of star-forming galaxies within the AGN selection box. According to morphological studies based on the Sérsic index, AGN samples have higher percentages of galaxy morphologies with bulge+disk components than galaxies without AGNs.
Cardiac Surgery 2021 Reviewed
Authors: Doenst Torsten , Schneider Ulrich , Can Tolga , Caldonazo Tulio , Diab Mahmoud , Siemeni Thierry , Färber Gloria , Kirov Hristo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPubMed displayed more than 35,000 hits for the search term “cardiac surgery AND 2021.” We used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) approach and selected relevant publications for a results-oriented summary. As in recent years, we reviewed the fields of coronary and conventional valve surgery and their overlap with their interventional alternatives. COVID reduced cardiac surgical activity around the world. In the coronary field, the FAME 3 trial dominated publications by practically repeating SYNTAX, but with modern stents and fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). PCI was again unable to achieve non-inferiority compared with coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in patients with triple-vessel disease. Survival advantages of CABG over PCI could be linked to a reduction in myocardial infarctions and current terminology was criticized because the term “myocardial revascularization” is not precise and does not reflect the infarct-preventing collateralization effect of CABG. In structural heart disease, new guidelines were published, providing upgrades of interventional treatments of both aortic and mitral valve disease. While for aortic stenosis, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) received a primary recommendation in older and high-risk patients; recommendations for transcatheter mitral edge-to-edge treatment were upgraded for patients considered inappropriate for surgery. For heart team discussions it is important to know that classic aortic valve replacement currently provides strong signals (from registry and randomized evidence) for a survival advantage over TAVI after 5 years. This article summarizes publications perceived as important by us. It can neither be complete nor free of individual interpretation, but provides up-to-date information for decision-making and patient information.
Newly designed ignition circuit to improve the ignition reliability of Hall thruster
Authors: Li Jingjing , Li Wenbo , Wei Liqiu , Zhou Liwei , Ji Tianyuan , Jiang Wenjia , Li Tingwan , Li Hong , Tang Jingfeng , He Yongfeng , Ding Yongjie 
Published: May 2022

This study proposes a newly designed ignition circuit that does not change the ignition starting parameters of a Hall thruster, reduces the critical ignition voltage, and improves ignition reliability. The complexity and weight of the Hall thruster power supply system are reduced by multiplexing the ignition and discharge power supplies. Under the condition that the design parameters are satisfied, that is, R3+REC2 is much larger than RCC1, the residual energy in the circuit after the cathode breakdown can be fed into the thruster discharge channel to improve the ignition energy supply. The experimental results show that when the anode voltage is 98 V, only nine of the 100 ignition tests are successful using the traditional ignition circuit, whereas the number of successes using the newly designed ignition circuit is as high as 99, which provides a simple solution method for improving the ignition reliability.
Exploring age-related changes in the realisation of (t)
Authors: Buchstaller Isabelle , Mearns Adam , Auer Anja , Krause-Lerche Anne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn understanding of linguistic heterogeneity in older speakers is crucial for the study of language variation and change. To date, intra-speaker malleability in older populations remains under-researched, in varieties of English and more generally. This paper contributes panel data to the question of how aging individuals engage with ongoing changes in the realisation of (t) in the Tyneside region in the North-East of England. We examine the variable ways in which six speakers recorded in their 20s/30s and re-interviewed in their 60s/70s adapt to community-wide change. The finding that some speakers exhibit malleability in their variable realisation of (t) substantiates a life-course perspective over a strict maturational explanation. More specifically, our analysis explores the contribution of long-term (in)stability to lifespan-specific identity construction in the Tyneside area. Our findings support calls for the incorporation of sophisticated statistical methods in combination with social constructivist approaches into panel research on older age populations.
Actitudes de los mallorquines hacia el castellano y el andaluz
Authors: Méndez Guerrero Beatriz 
Published: May 2022

Abstracta
Las evaluaciones sociales que hacen los individuos hacia las variedades lingüísticas son objeto de estudio de la
sociolingüística desde hace tiempo y han ganado protagonismo en el siglo veintiuno. Esto es así porque de estas actitudes se
deduce hacia dónde se encaminará la lengua en el futuro. En esta investigación se presentan los resultados de un estudio de
actitudes hacia el castellano y el andaluz a partir de una muestra de 70 jóvenes mallorquines. Siguiendo la metodología del
proyecto PRECAVES XXI, se presentan los resultados sobre el reconocimiento de las variedades, la valoración directa que se hace de
ellas (dimensiones cognitiva y afectiva) y la proximidad que establece el grupo entre su variedad y las variedades castellana y
andaluza. Las principales conclusiones indican que tanto el reconocimiento de las variedades como su valoración es positiva y que
los mallorquines perciben mucha proximidad con el castellano (su variedad propia), pero no con el andaluz.
Comparison of neural basis expansion analysis for interpretable time series (N-BEATS) and recurrent neural networks for heart dysfunction classification
Authors: Puszkarski B , Hryniów K , Sarwas G 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective. The primary purpose of this work is to analyze the ability of N-BEATS architecture for the problem of prediction and classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. To achieve this, performance comparison with various types of other SotA (state-of-the-art) recurrent neural network architectures commonly used for such problems is conducted. Approach. Four architectures (N-BEATS, LSTM, LSTM with peepholes, GRU) were tested for performance and dimension reduction problems for different number of leads (2, 3, 4, 6, 12), both in variants consisting of blended branches, allowing retaining accuracy while reducing the computational capacity needed. The analysis was performed on datasets and using metrics from Challenges in Cardiology (CinC) 2021 competition. Main results. Best results were achieved for LSTM with peepholes, then LSTM, GRU and the worst for N-BEATS (challenge metrics respectively: 0.42, 0.40, 0.39, 0.35; for times: 0.0395 s, 0.0036 s, 0.0027 s, 0.0002 s). Commonly used LSTM outperforms N-BEATS in terms of multi-label classification, data set resilience, and obtained challenge metrics. Still, N-BEATS can obtain acceptable results for 2 lead classification (metric of 0.35 for N-BEATS and 0.38 for other networks) and outperforms other solutions in terms of complexity and speed. Significance. This paper features a novel approach of using the N-BEATS, which was previously used only for forecasting, to classify ECG signals with success. While N-BEATS multi-label classification capacity is lower than LSTM, its speed obtaining results with a reduced number of leads (faster by one to two degrees of magnitude) allows for arrhythmias detection and classification while using off-the-shelf wearable devices (Holter monitors, sport bands, etc).
Design and investigation of a resonant piezoelectric pump with high output pressure using a displacement-amplifying vibrator
Authors: Pan Qiaosheng , Li Yinghao , Diao Weidong , Wang Xiaoliang , Zhang Chi , Liu Shanlin , Li Ruijun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A resonant piezoelectric pump using a displacement-amplifying vibrator is proposed in this paper to improve the output pressure of the piezoelectric pump. The piezoelectric pump is composed of a displacement-amplifying vibrator and a pump body. The displacement-amplifying vibrator consists of two amplifiers and two piezoelectric stacks. The pump body comprises a piston shaft, an orifice plate, a valve body, check valves and a runner plate. A clearance exists between the piston shaft and the orifice plate. A groove is designed on the piston shaft, and the pump body is sealed by O-rings. The displacement-amplifying vibrator works in the resonant state, which has a large output amplitude. In this paper, the working principle of the piezoelectric pump is introduced and the influencing factors of output pressure of the piezoelectric pump are theoretically analyzed. The resonant frequency and stiffness of check valves with different thicknesses are simulated and compared, and three displacement amplifiers are designed and simulated. Prototypes of piezoelectric pump are made, and the effect of valve thickness, the diameter of piston shaft, and the displacement-amplifying vibrator is experimentally investigated. The experimental results show that the piezoelectric pump prototype with displacement-amplifying vibrator 3, 10 mm piston shaft and 0.05 mm-thick check valve has the maximum output pressure. Under the driving voltage of 500 Vpp, the maximum output pressure is 4.73 MPa, and the maximum flowrate is 65.7 ml min−1.
Design and characterization of a 3D printed miniature actuator using shape memory alloy wires
Authors: Teymoori Morteza , Kocatürk Özgür 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Microfluidics has been at the center of attention in chemical and biological sciences over the last decade since it can miniaturize many laboratory-based applications. However, the transition from concept to a practical microfluidic chip is greatly hindered due to the widespread conventional soft lithography techniques which are used for the fabrication of the microfluidic chips. These methods are not time- and cost-efficient. Additive manufacturing technique (i.e. 3D printing) has grown in many research fields. Many conventional microfluidic system component designs have been adapted to the 3D printing manufacturing techniques. Three-dimensional printed active components such as microvalves and micropumps have also been studied, however, almost all the designs depend on an external pneumatic control unit or syringe pumps so far. In this study, we aimed to address the lack of a microfluidic active component with an integrated actuator unit. We used a shape memory alloy as the actuator. In doing so, we employed an innovative batch fabrication method that utilizes 3D printing. The proposed actuator design can produce high work and concurrently isolate the heat source from the fluidic sample which is of utmost importance for biological samples. The results show that the miniature actuator can block high pressure (up to 150 mmHg) silicone channel partially or completely depending on the application requirements. The actuation time can be controlled electronically and reduced to times as low as 100 ms. In conclusion, this design proved to be a promising candidate for the development of flow control components such as microvalves, micropumps, or micromixers.
Improving the mechanical and thermal properties of hemp concrete by treating the hemp hurds with sodium hydroxide solution
Authors: Adam L , Isopescu D N , Maxineasa S G 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The objectives of the research were to analyse how the treatment with sodium hydroxide solution of hemp stems influences the mechanical and thermal behaviours of concrete when hemp stems are used in the composition of concrete. Tests were performed on hemp concrete samples to evaluate the density and measure the heat transfer coefficient, compressive strength and modulus of elasticity. The activities carried out aimed to identify the influence of the sodium hydroxide solution concentration on the variations of the measured parameters and expressing some conclusions regarding the need to treat the hemp stems before their use in concrete. The need for research is given by the nowadays demand for obtaining eco-sustainable construction materials, in which the possibility of using a material that is considered plant waste becomes an economic resource in a circular economy.
How health influences the way we build
Authors: Cazacu Ch 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Knowing people’s needs for a healthy life is a fundamental theme for those who design and execute constructions. The environment of a building must combine the most important factors for comfort and health. For a new construction, the hygiene and health of the occupants must become a priority strategy, and needs to be considered early on in the project because it is key to securing a safe construction. How do constructions make us sick and what are the main causes and phenomena, and what consequences do they have on our health are the principal subject from this study. The designer must use materials that are thermally efficient, healthy and comfortable that provides better constructions for the occupants.
Using fibers in construction
Authors: Deaconu O , Chiţonu GC 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article is an overview about alternative solutions for reinforced concrete by using different types of fibers. The use of fiber reinforced concrete when is compared to the conventional reinforced concrete solutions. This study has taken in consideration structural performance and the total cost. The use of fibers or dispersed reinforcement also improves some of the characteristics of concrete, such as those related to: cracking, freezing, durability, erosion of ordinary or marine water, wind erosion, permeability, etc. In order to correct to a large extent, the unfavorable characteristics of the reinforced concrete, in the mass of the fresh concrete various types of fibers can be mixed and incorporated in the use of concrete with dispersed reinforcement. As materials often used as fibers, the most commonly are: hooked-end steel (steel fibers), straight polypropylene and straight polyolefin, glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, natural hemp fibers, jute, hair, straw, etc.