bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical study of perovskite solar cell for enhancement of device performance using SCAPS-1D
Authors: Srivastava Pranjal , Sadanand  , Rai Shambhavi , Lohia Pooja , Dwivedi D K , Qasem Hussam , Umar Ahmad , Akbar Sheikh , Algadi Hassan , Baskoutas Sotirios 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Perovskite solar cells are a pioneering photovoltaic technology that has significantly improved performance in current years. The fundamental n-i-p planar heterojunction structure of solar cells is structured and simulated in the present work. The device configuration Glass/ITO/WS2/CH3NH3PbI3/P3HT/Au was investigated using the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D) program. To increase the performance of the photovoltaic solar cell thickness, bandgap, doping concentration and temperature have been varied. Further, using the optimal value of the different parameters, the performance of the photo-voltaic device such as power conversion efficiency (PCE) and Fill Factor (FF) are obtained as 27.02%, and 85.44%, respectively. Also, Open-circuit Voltage (VOC) of 1.46 V and Short-circuit current density (JSC) of 21.56 mA cm−2 were achieved. The influence of donor concentrations has been studied by varying its value from 1 × 10−12 cm−3 to 1 × 10−20 cm−3 for the proposed device. Thus, using different charge transport materials, the power convergence efficiency of the perovskite solar cell has been enhanced. Our simulation study reveals that the proposed configuration could be used to fabricate a device for the improvement of the efficient perovskite solar cell.
Soliton solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation via the Lie symmetry method and its stability analysis by using bifurcation theory
Authors: Manju Kumari , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The objective of the present article is to seek new explicit solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov(NNV) equation. The NNV system is highly nonlinear in nature and is a known isotropic Lax extension of the Korteweg–de Vries model. The similarity transformation method has been used to systematically reduce the NNV equation into ordinary differential equations(ODEs). The new exact solutions have been obtained by solving the obtained ODEs based on the formed relationships. The resulting soliton solutions contain some arbitrary constants and functions. The use of appropriate functions and constants highlighted that the solutions of the NNV equation might be soliton, multisoliton, parabolic, doubly soliton and trigonometric. Moreover, the stability of the corresponding dynamical system has been investigated using bifurcation theory with different parametric regions. The figures obtained during MATLAB simulation supported the dynamic features of the derived solutions. Finally, we explore incredible aspects of the exact wave solutions via phase portraits. The phase portraits validate the existence of some families of homoclinic and periodic orbits about the equilibrium points, respectively.
Decay constants of B

c
(nS) and

(nS)*
Authors: Sun Chao , Ni Ru-Hui , Chen Muyang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The decay constants of the low lying S-wave

mesons, i.e.

and

with

, are calculated in the nonrelativistic quark model. The running coupling of the strong interaction is taken into account, and the uncertainties due to varying parameters and losing Lorentz covariance are considered carefully. As a byproduct, the decay constants of the low lying S-wave charmonium and bottomium states are given in the appendixes.
Integration of high-performance spin-orbit torque MRAM devices by 200-mm-wafer manufacturing platform
Authors: Zhang Hongchao , Ma Xiangyue , Jiang Chuanpeng , Yin Jialiang , Lyu Shuqin , Lu Shiyang , Shang Xiantao , Man Bowen , Zhang Cong , Li Dandan , Li Shuhui , Chen Wenjing , Liu Hongxi , Wang Gefei , Cao Kaihua , Wang Zhaohao , Zhao Weisheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We demonstrate in-plane field-free-switching spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices that are capable of low switching current density, fast speed, high reliability, and, most importantly, manufactured uniformly by the 200-mm-wafer platform. The performance of the devices is systematically studied, including their magnetic properties, switching behaviors, endurance and data retention. The successful integration of SOT devices within the 200-mm-wafer manufacturing platform provides a feasible way to industrialize SOT MRAMs. It is expected to obtain excellent performance of the devices by further optimizing the MTJ film stacks and the corresponding fabrication processes in the future.
Identification of subsurface damage of 4H-SiC wafers by combining photo-chemical etching and molten-alkali etching
Authors: Geng Wenhao , Yang Guang , Zhang Xuqing , Zhang Xi , Wang Yazhe , Song Lihui , Chen Penglei , Zhang Yiqiang , Pi Xiaodong , Yang Deren , Wang Rong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, we propose to reveal the subsurface damage (SSD) of 4H-SiC wafers by photo-chemical etching and identify the nature of SSD by molten-alkali etching. Under UV illumination, SSD acts as a photoluminescence-black defect. The selective photo-chemical etching reveals SSD as the ridge-like defect. It is found that the ridge-like SSD is still crystalline 4H-SiC with lattice distortion. The molten-KOH etching of the 4H-SiC wafer with ridge-like SSD transforms the ridge-like SSD into groove lines, which are typical features of scratches. This means that the underlying scratches under mechanical stress give rise to the formation of SSD in 4H-SiC wafers. SSD is incorporated into 4H-SiC wafers during the lapping, rather than the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP).
Asymmetry variations in Arctic summer onset and ending: Role of sea-ice melting
Authors: Yang Xiaoye , Zeng Gang , Wang Wei-Chyung , Iyakaremye Vedaste , Zhang Shiyue 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Previous studies found that in Arctic regions with severe sea ice melting, summer ending (SE) variations are significantly larger than summer onset (SO) variations in the past few decades. Based on short-term observations, researchers preliminarily suggested that radiation variations caused by an earlier melting onset could be the possible reason for asymmetric Arctic SO/ending variations (AASV). Based on observations and National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) Reanalysis I dataset, here we quantitatively characterize AASV by calculating the difference between the 11 year sliding trend of Arctic SO and SE. The results show that AASV positively correlates with sea ice melting in summer. The increased summer sea ice melting increases the area to absorb short-wave radiation in summer and then release more long-wave radiation to heat the lower atmosphere and delay the peak time of long-wave radiation releasing. The variations in radiation lead to a significant delay of the Arctic SE, with no significant variations in SO. We introduce CMIP6 historical and future simulations of 15 models to verify further the relationship between AASV and summer sea ice melting. Historical run reproduces the observed asymmetry, and future simulations under various warming levels show that AASV will vanish with disappeared melting variations or be strengthened with increased melting. The latter could delay freeze-up and further exacerbate the following years’ melting, which will enhance AASV. Furthermore, AASV will delay the onset and peak time of Arctic amplification.
Achieving SDGs 11: A Review on Neighbourhood Engagement in Local Authorities Towards Disaster Risk Reduction of Highland Developments in Selangor
Authors: Yahman Nurul Khalida , Sarkom Yazid , Muhamad Ariff Nor Rima 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Selangor’s growing population and accelerating economic conditions have resulted in the demand for human settlements. As a result, Selangor development has encroached the highland areas and it was constantly hit with inundated landslide disasters. Landslides are now viewed not only as natural occurrences or as the result of design flaws, but as a greater risk to society that must be managed accordingly. Since then, the issue of neighbourhood engagement in local authorities has increased. There are four issues that affect neighbourhood engagement in local authorities, 1) People in urban areas spend more time in their workplaces, 2) Some of planning and development tools, planning standards, and regulations are not clear, 3) Limited community capacity in decision making, and 4) Government behaviour towards residents in highland areas. Improving neighbourhood engagement in local authorities significantly enhances disaster risk reduction of highland developments in Selangor. Local authority as the service provider plays an important role in this issue, especially when it relates to policy decision-making. The aim of this research is to establish neighbourhood engagement framework in local authorities towards disaster risk reduction of highland developments in Selangor as to achieve SDGs 11. To achieve the aim, this review has two (2) objectives: 1) To investigate factors affecting neighbourhood engagement in local authorities towards disaster risk reduction in highland developments and 2) To suggest strategies to improve the neighbourhood engagement in local authorities towards disaster risk reduction in highland developments. The finding of this desk study suggests that even though neighbourhood engagement is exercised by the Local Authorities during the planning stage of highland development, the practice should be continued until after the occupation of the properties to help reduce the risk of landslides and highland disasters.
Integration Method for Web based Visualization Framework of Green Highway Index and Carbon Footprint Calculator
Authors: Yousif Omar Sedeeq , Zakaria Rozana , Aminudin Eeydzah , Shamsuddin Siti Mazzuana , Abdul Rahman Mohammad Faiz , Gara Jawa , Ahmad Nadzrol Fadzilah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Global warming and the development of the green economy have imposed more pressure on government economies to de-carbonise their economic initiatives. This, along with the global financial crisis, has prompted a significant rethinking of digital solutions to monitor carbon emissions. Likewise, drawing investors’ investment to further development of green highways by digitised tools for infrastructure projects is crucial. However, there is a demand for integration and visualisation of green highways assessment tools, which highlights an important gap in developing data integration and web-based visualisation application. This paper presents a research proposal method to build an integrated web-based dashboard that monitors the green highway rating assessment and the Carbon Footprint. It emphasizes variables of Malaysia Green Highway Index (MyGHI) and Carbon Footprint Calculator (CFC). A framework for integrating and transforming towards visualisation of web-based dashboard is established. The integration of MyGHI-CFC to the digital level and create a web-based dashboard used different methodologies from mixed qualitative and quantitative research. The results of this integration and visualization foresee contribute to an effective example, paving researchers with effective tools and standards that will contribute to the development of the green highway and future sustainability projects.
Towards Sustainable Public Transportation Cost in Malaysia
Authors: Majid Rohayu Ab , Said Rosli , Sahray Kholim , Mustafar Suriyana , Kaspin Morni 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Public transportation has been opted as the main mode of travelling between destinations among Malaysians rather than private transportation. Each of the two types of transportation has its own characteristics that can attract the attention of passengers. Between the two, the rate of transportation costs is becoming the main concern among passengers. Therefore, this study was conducted to justify the extent of transportation costs incurred by Malaysians and their relationship with the cost attributes. The study was conducted on public travelers who are potentially using the various types of available public transportation. Six (6) scales of transportation cost have been explored in this research. A total of 900 responses were obtained from respondents living within the Klang Valley. Data has been analysed by employing descriptive and inferential analysis. The results of the study show that MRT/ LRT/ Monorail has become the most popular transportation among the population. The total of RM400 transportation cost per month was found to be sustainable as a result of affordable fares and public transport rebates.
Energy Consumption in Open and Enclosed Layout of Shopping Malls in Malaysia
Authors: Yaman Rostam , Yaziz Nur Suzziana , Ismail Farrah Zuhaira , Ahmad Noraini 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
shopping mall requires a huge amount of energy, in terms of embodied and operational energy needed to operate/ This research aim is to investigate the total energy electricity usage based on different types of shopping mall design layout while understanding the awareness of end user toward the building characterizes pertinent to energy uses of shopping malls. This research was conducted at two low-rise shopping malls in Klang Valley. The field study was conducted to explore the building configuration including the size, building form, orientation and opening. The data were collected and analyzed in order to have better understanding of total energy usage in these case studies. The Building Energy Index (BEI) in the case studies was calculated and the results are be compared. The results of study find that the BEI for open building has lower value than enclosed building.
Formulating an Assessment Tool for the Implementation of Green Initiatives in Library
Authors: Ismail Farrah Zuhaira , Yaman Rostam , Razali Khairul Nazli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Amidst environmental crisis, the role of built environment sector becomes even more vital as it formed capacity in contributing a substantial factors to reduce energy usage and emission of greenhouse gas to atmosphere. Library specifically, act as crucial function in extending the agenda of promoting environmental practice. However, limited rating system explicitly for library’s green initiatives makes it challenging for library to implement these initiatives due to lack of proper guidelines. Hence, this study was conducted to examine existing checklists measuring green initiatives in library and to formulate assessment list for evaluating sustainable library’s operational initiatives. Systematic literature reviews were conducted in establishing the evaluation checklist, in which three existing checklists related to green initiatives in library were compared and referred to. The assessment checklist developed in this study identifies 107 initiatives related to facilities can be implemented by existing libraries in Malaysia. The result of this study serves as a basis for libraries in Malaysia to environmentally improve its facilities.
Narrative Review Approach on the Readiness of the Vertical Greenery Adaptation to the Public-School Building in Malaysia
Authors: Isa Farhana Mohammed , Mustapha Arniatul Aiza , Adnan Hamimah , Ahmad Che Bon , Mutiara Maitri Widya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Global climate concerns include deforestation and environmental change. The implementation of the concept of reintroducing nature to the urban school landscape may promote sustainable development and enhance the city’s environment quality. The Vertical Greenery System (VGS) is an important aspect in public school building because it offers sustainable urban schooling the benefits. However, low awareness school amongst government and public, as well as concerning on additional cost of construction and maintenance have become a barrier in adopting the VGS in public-school. Due to lack of studies and analysis on VGS implementation in schools, this paper aims to examine the VGS adaptation strategies towards the readiness of VGS implementation in public school buildings as well as the implications for students’ social well-being. This paper focuses on using a narrative review method and deductive thematic analysis to perceive the readiness of VGS adaptation amongst government and public in public school building. The projected outcome will explore the cost-benefits of VGS installation, with considerations of environment, and social well-being towards public-school. Hence, this paper also suggested that VGS can significantly improve the student learning performance, social interaction amongst student’s experience and overall built environment of public-school.
The Influential Factors Effects Schedule and Cost Performance toward Productivity Attainment in Green Construction Projects.
Authors: Asyikin Mahat Noor Aisyah , Adnan Hamimah , Yusuwan Mysarah Maisham Norazian Mohamad , Adilah Ismail Noor Akmal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Productivity growth is indeed an essential aspect to consider when assessing the productive potential of a nation’s economy. This study paper aims to identify the key factors affecting schedule and cost performance of Green Construction Projects (GCPs) that may contribute to the productivity attainment of the projects. Quantitative methodology which involved a questionnaire survey was send out to the construction green stakeholder. A total of 128 sets of questionnaires were analyse using Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26 statistical software. Findings have shown that the most influential factors that affect the cost performance are the high initial cost to the development of green buildings. As for schedule performance, the respondent highlights the crucial issue was the unfamiliarity with green technologies which may lead to technical difficulties during a construction process, henceforth give effect to GCP delivery. It is important to comprehend all essential aspects influencing construction productivity so that stakeholders may develop and implement strategies that are aligned with the goal and vision of the Green Nation Agenda. Despite the study’s limitations, it is hoped that the findings will contribute significantly to productivity improvement in GCP, particularly in the Malaysian construction industry, in order to accomplish construction projects in a timely manner and at a lower cost.
Public Perception on Involvement in Solid Waste Management Process and Practices: A Case Study of Johor Bharu, Malaysia
Authors: Aiman Abd Khair Mohammad Syahir , Ahmad Puziah Bt , Marzukhi Marlyana Azyyati 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Effective and efficient service delivery of urban service is paramount, especially in the ever-growing urban population. A high number of populations residing in urban areas has increased waste generation. Around the world, municipalities, especially in developing countries have to increase their waste management budget and various initiatives to deal with the generated waste. One of the preferable initiatives for developing countries in dealing with waste management issues is through the involvement of the public in the process and practices. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the perception of the public involvement in the process and practices of solid waste management in Johor Bharu, Johor, Malaysia. A total of 260 respondents in a mixed density residential housing scheme participated in the questionnaires survey. Therefore, several recommendations are put forward to enhance the cooperation of the public and municipalities in the solid waste management process and practices.
Exploring Participatory Placemaking in Malaysia Using Embedded Ethnographies with Practitioners Approach
Authors: Qamaruz Zaman N , Kamarudin H , Bakri A F , Nik Azhari N F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The transition to a place-based approach in urban regeneration has heightened the significance of increasing inclusion and capability for participatory governance, collaborative planning, and implementation of projects. Within place branding and global city competitions, smaller placemaking efforts have become an increasingly popular approach in urban regeneration, especially in the historic urban centres worldwide, including George Town, Ipoh and Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia. However, placemaking is a complex and ambiguous concept that may operate within the formal planning structure, or grow organically from the grassroots or appear in protests to a particular development due to emotional connection to particular places. Internal factors such as social-cultural, economic, political, and governance characteristics inside places were claimed to affect the ambiguity of placemaking, as were external variables such as global connections and market trends. This paper discusses the ethnography of case studies methodology adopted to understand the interaction between government-market-civil society nexus that shaped distinctive models of placemaking within the urban regeneration agenda in the historic cities mentioned above. Overt participant observation and semi-structured interviews were used in this research to gather real-life data on participatory placemaking from a constructivist and interpretivism epistemological stance. This paper provides a detailed description of the steps and processes of ethnographic research in the built environment, which may encourage other researchers who believe that ‘urban centres are constructed by the multiple realities of their context, which requires an emphatic understanding of human action’ to adopt a similar methodology.
Landsat observation of urban growth and land use change using NDVI and NDBI analysis
Authors: Yasin Muhammad Yazrin , Abdullah Jamalunlaili , Noor Norzailawati Mohd , Yusoff Mariney Mohd , Noor Nisfariza Mohd 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Landsat observation has numerous potentials as a quantitative approach in regional scale monitoring of urban growth and environmental change. To achieve this approach, three Landsat data of year 1991 (TM), 2005 (ETM+) and 2019 (OLI-TIRS) has been acquired, classified, and accurately assessed. The research assesses spatio-temporal urban growth, its pattern and land use land cover (LULC) changes of using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Building Index (NDBI) analysis. NDVI were performed for vegetation monitoring especially on loss of vegetation land while NDBI were performed for identification of dense urban and built-up areas. The NDVI and NDBI density results show a significant decreased of vegetation land and a leap up increased of urban and built-up land use. This indicates a significant rapid growth development and a vast transformation of agricultural and forest land into low density development. A rapid urban growth of regional development corridor has significant influence on environment change especially to their periphery. The utilization of both NDVI and NDBI as surrogates has the capability to provide dynamic view and improve the accuracy of land use land cover change analysis. The study showed urban growth has quadrupled from 1991 to 2019 with most rapid growth was from 1991 to 2005 due to greater low-density development and a discontinue growth pattern in the past years compare with much sustainable higher-density development in the recent years.