bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The moderating roles of trust and felt trust on the relationship between proactive personality and voice behaviour
Authors: Hao Shuwei , Han Ping 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating roles of trust in leaders and felt trust by leaders on the relationship between proactive personality and voice behaviour.Design/methodology/approachSelf-report data were collected from 242 employees in China using an online survey.FindingsTrust strengthens, whereas felt trust weakens the relationship between proactive personality and voice behaviour. Proactive personality is related to voice behaviour more positively when trust in leaders is high or when felt trust by leaders is low.Practical implicationsTrust in leaders and felt trust by leaders provide different motivational cues for employee proactivity. It would be wise for leaders to develop different trusting relationships with employees who have different levels of proactive personality. If leaders expect to promote voice behaviour in the workplace, they should gain trust from proactive employees by demonstrating their own trustworthiness while signalling or granting trust to less proactive employees by engaging in trusting behaviours.Originality/valueThe present research extends the boundary conditions of the effectiveness of proactive personality by demonstrating that proactive employees' motivation to speak up can be enhanced or substituted by relational variables. The authors thus underscore the importance of the personality × relations perspective when examining employee proactivity. In addition, the authors contribute to the trust literature by advancing the understanding of different roles of trust and felt trust in influencing proactive motivation in social interactions.
How safe are hemp-based food products? A review and risk assessment of analytical data from Germany
Authors: Steinmetz Fabian Pitter , Nahler Gerhard , Wakefield James Christopher 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Hemp-based food products and supplements have gained popularity within recent years in Europe. Apart from the non-psychoactive cannabinoid, cannabidiol, these products may also contain Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which can be of concern for safety and regulatory compliance. In the European Union, the currently accepted limit for THC in hemp is 0.3%. As many hemp-based products have been withdrawn from the German market within recent months/years, this study aims to investigate the current safety limit and potential concerns based on available analytical data.

Design/methodology/approach
Therefore, a publicly accessible, analytical data set from the German food authority was analysed and complemented by literature data and expert opinions regarding THC in food products. Furthermore, critical exposures have been calculated based on different product types and limits.

Findings
A safety-based limit of 11.9 µg/kg/day is proposed. Importantly, the authors’ examination of hemp seed oils, one of the most common food products, showed that 4 of the 102 samples were identified as having a low-to-moderate risk for inducing impairment – confirming the general need for regulation. For hemp leaf tea and common supplements, calculated exposures to THC were not considered critical. This has been also reflected by the absence of intoxication reports in the scientific literature.

Originality/value
Whilst for most hemp-derived foods safety concerns for the general public are considered low, this may not be the case for some products, suggesting the general need for regulatory compliance. Nevertheless, a more realistic safety limit should be applied.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on architecture design studio pedagogy in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alburgawi Saeed Ali , Al-Gamdi Mohamad Alissan 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on architecture education during the lockdown in Saudi Arabia, as well as the new normal that has emerged. This indicates the potential to develop frameworks and strategies for adapting architectural pedagogy modes to unexpected situations.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on qualitative research with phenomenological aspects, focusing on a phenomenon experienced by a group of people involved in a Bachelor of Architecture degree program. This paper uses data collected from a literature study, as well as interviews conducted at the College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture of Umm Al-Qura University in Saudi Arabia; the data sources include tutors, students and recent graduates with common teaching and learning experiences in design studios.FindingsThe study shows the feasibility of conducting part of the design course in a distance mode and the rest as on-campus attendance, to ensure effectiveness and to produce quality architectural designs with maximum detail. However, research reveals that both students and educators need greater awareness of the self-learning process.Originality/valueThe research value lies in exploring how the imposition of a distance architecture design studio due to the COVID-19 lockdown has potentially established a new pedagogical model for teaching architecture design studio.
Detection of unusual scores of individual students for immediate remedy according to daily assessment data
Authors: Alauddin Nursuhana , Yamada Shu 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe availability of daily assessment data in a centralized monitoring system at school provides the opportunity to detect unusual scores soon after the assessment is carried out. This paper introduces a model for the detection of unusual scores of individual students to immediately improve performances that deviate from a normal state.Design/methodology/approachA student's ability, a subject's difficulty level, a student's specific ability in a subject, and the difficulty level of an assessment in a subject are selected as factor effects of a linear ANOVA model. Through analysis of variance, a case study is conducted based on 330 data points of assessment scores of primary grade students retrieved from an international school in Japan.FindingsThe actual score is below the lower control limit, which is recognized as an unusual score, and the score can be detected immediately after sitting for an assessment and is beneficial for students to take immediate remedies based on daily assessment. This is demonstrated through a case study.Originality/valueThe detection of unusual scores based on a linear model of individual students soon after each assessment benefits from immediate remedy aligns with a daily management concept. The daily assessment data in a school system enable detection based on individual students, subject-wise and assessment-wise to improve student performances in the same academic year.
Suicides in Turkey: 25‐year trend (1995–2019)
Authors: Kartal Erhan , Demir Ugur , Hekimoglu Yavuz , Keskin Siddik , Asirdizer Mahmut 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe assessment of national suicide risks is considered critical in many countries for the establishment of suicide prevention initiatives aimed at considerably lowering suicide rates. The aim of this study is to identify at‐risk suicide populations by reviewing the suicides in Turkey over a 25‐year period. The Turkish Statistical Institute's suicide statistics for 1995–2019 in Turkey was retrospectively reviewed in current article. The data collected in the study was statistically analyzed using the MINITAB vn 14 software. Between 1995 and 2019, the total number of suicides in Turkey was 66,819, and suicide rates, especially in males, showed an increasing trend in this period. Males comprised 68.3% of the total cases, and most (27.2%) were aged 15–24 years. Suicides mostly occurred between May and July (27.7%), of individuals with a primary school level of education (51.7%) and who were married (6.0 per 100,000). Illness was most important risk factor for suicide (36.8%) and hanging (47.5%) was the leading suicide method in all age groups and in both genders. Despite the fact that Turkey's suicide rate is lower than many other countries, the growth in male suicide rates is concerning. Suicides are likely to become a severe problem in Turkey in the near future unless measures like education, psychiatric evaluations, the reactivation of psychological counseling service phone lines, and the establishment of youth counseling centers, as described in this paper, are taken.
Evaluating breast biopsy practice and breast biopsy marker utilisation in the clinical setting
Authors: Radic Rose , Taylor Donna Blanche 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionBreast Screen Australia and Breast Screen Aotearoa guidelines recommend breast biopsy marker (BBM) use in indicated patients. This study aims to evaluate breast biopsy practice and BBM utilisation by modality.MethodsAn online survey was disseminated to radiologists who identified ‘breast imaging’ as their area of practice in the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) customer relationship management system. Survey questions addressed participant demographics and factors relating to BBM use.ResultsMost respondents (72%) place between 1 and 4 BBMs per week. Almost all (99%) respondents perform ultrasound‐guided biopsy of the breast or axillary nodes, with 85% performing stereotactic or tomosynthesis‐guided breast biopsy and 27% performing MRI‐guided breast biopsy. BBM utilisation differs by modality, with 97% respondents always placing a BBM post‐MRI‐guided breast biopsy, 50% always placing a BBM post‐stereotactic‐guided biopsy and 3% always placing a BBM post‐ultrasound‐guided breast biopsy.ConclusionsAlmost all radiologists perform breast biopsy using ultrasound, stereotactic/tomosynthesis or MRI guidance. BBM utilisation varies by modality, with 72% of respondents placing between 1 and 4 clips per week. Reasons for placing or not placing BBM aligned with prior studies. This is the first study to evaluate the number of breast biopsies performed by radiologists on a weekly or monthly basis, providing a useful platform for comparison in the local setting.
Thermal Lithospheric Thickness of the Sichuan Basin and its Geological Implications
Authors: ZHU Chuanqing , QIU Nansheng , CHEN Tiange , XU Ming , DING Rui , YANG Yabo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThermal lithospheric thickness is an important parameter in studying the tectonic‐thermal evolution of basins and plate dynamics. Based on the measured geothermal data and thermophysical properties of the rocks, the thermal lithospheric thickness of the Sichuan Basin was calculated according to the principles of heat conduction in the crust and lithospheric mantle. The calculation results revealed that the thickness of the thermal lithosphere in the Sichuan Basin is 140–190 km and is unevenly distributed. The thickness of the thermal lithosphere in central Sichuan and southwestern Sichuan is less than 160 km, while that in the western Sichuan depression and eastern Sichuan is larger (∼180 km). The distribution of the thermal lithospheric thickness in the basin has a good correlation with the geological units and the thickness of the sedimentary layers. The thickness of the thermal lithosphere in the depression area, which has thick sedimentary layers and the fault‐fold zone with shallow crustal deformation and thickening, are larger than that in the basement uplifted area, which has thin sedimentary layers. The calculated thermal lithospheric thickness is in good agreement with the geophysical data and reflects the stable conduction temperature field in the Sichuan Basin. The present thermal regime and thermal lithospheric thickness of the Sichuan Basin indicate that flexural thickening of the lithosphere occurred in the eastern Sichuan fault‐fold belt and the Longmen Mountain–Western Sichuan depression foreland basin system, while asthenospheric uplift occurred in the central Sichuan region, which were the result of the expansion of the Xuefeng orogeny from the east and the compression of the Tibetan Plateau from the west.
Abiotic Hydrocarbons Generation Simulated by Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis under Hydrothermal Conditions in Ultra‐deep Basins
Authors: ZHAO Zhongfeng , LIU Xinran , LU Hong , Peng Ping'an 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFTT experiments with water as a hydrogen source and three types of possible carbon sources in the subsurface (diiron nonacarbonyl, siderite and formic acid, representing CO, CO2 and a simple organic acid, respectively) were carried out in this study. Our experimental results showed that n‐alkanes with the highest carbon number of C33 were produced when CO was used as a carbon source (series A); a variety of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in series B with CO2 as a carbon source; gaseous hydrocarbons were also detected with formic acid added (series C). The different products in the three series showed that there were different hydrocarbon generation mechanisms and reaction processes with different carbon sources. The generation of long‐chain n‐alkanes in series A provided experimental support for the formation of abiogenic petroleum underground, which was of significance to early membranes on the Earth. PAHs in series B provide experimental support for the possibility of an abiotic source of reduced carbon on other planets. The carbon isotopes of gaseous hydrocarbons produced by CO exhibited a partial reversed order (δ13C1 < δ13C2 > δ13C3 > δ13C4 > δ13C5), while the gaseous hydrocarbons produced by CO2 and HCOOH showed a positive order (δ13C1 < δ13C2 < δ13C3 < δ13C4 < δ13C5). Based on these, the alkylene mechanism and the carbonyl insertion mechanism were used to reasonably explain these characteristics.
Virtual clinics in gynaecology – Can we shorten the wait? A randomised controlled trial implementing a novel care pathway for postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Mooney Samantha S. , Gill Gurjot Kaur , Readman Emma 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPostmenopausal bleeding (PMB), a common symptom of endometrial cancer, necessitates prompt clinical and sonographic assessment, often followed by hysteroscopy. Unfortunately, due to traditional gynaecology outpatient clinic paradigms, unnecessary patient–clinician encounters are common and may lead to delays in diagnosis.AimThe aim was to assess a novel clinic model for the management of women with PMB based on virtual assessment and routine use of the outpatient hysteroscopy clinic.MethodsAn unblinded pragmatic randomised controlled trial was performed, comparing a ‘virtual clinic’ to routine outpatient clinical care. The primary outcome for assessment was time, measured as the interval (days) between referral triage and discharge for definitive management or to the general practitioner. Demographical and clinical data were collected. After discharge from the system, patients completed a satisfaction and feedback questionnaire. Log‐rank tests were used to compare the equality of time‐to‐event functions across randomised groups.ResultsThere were 96 participants, 46 in the intervention arm and 50 controls. The total time spent in the gynaecology system differed between groups (Χ2(1) = 6.94, P = 0.008), with a median total time of 55 days (95% confidence interval (CI): 37–66 days) for the intervention group compared to a median of 84 days (95% CI: 54–101 days) for the control group. The number of in‐person gynaecology encounters differed between those randomised to intervention (P < 0.001). Overall, 96% of respondents indicated a positive score for overall satisfaction.ConclusionsThe proposed clinic model resulted in a significant reduction in the time between referral and discharge, without compromising patient satisfaction.
Tax the élites! The role of economic inequality and conspiracy beliefs on attitudes towards taxes and redistribution intentions
Authors: Salvador Casara Bruno Gabriel , Filippi Silvia , Suitner Caterina , Dollani Ervin , Maass Anne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTaxation is one of the most widely acknowledged strategies to reduce inequality, particularly if based on progressivity. In a high‐powered sample study (N = 2119) we investigated economic inequality and conspiracy beliefs as two key predictors of tax attitude and support for progressive taxation. We found that participants in the high economic inequality condition had lower levels of tax compliance and higher levels of conspiracy beliefs and support for progressive taxation. Furthermore, the effect of the experimental condition on tax compliance was mediated by conspiracy beliefs. Finally, conspiracy belief scores were positively associated with support for progressive taxation. Our results provide evidence that attitudes towards taxation are not monolithic but change considering the aims and targets of specific taxes. Indeed, while the perception of economic inequality prompts the desire for equal redistribution, it also fosters conspiracy narratives that undermine compliance with taxes.
Spatial patterns and life histories of Macrotermes michaelseni termite mounds reflect intraspecific competition: insights of a temporal comparison spanning 12 years
Authors: Wildermuth Benjamin , Oldeland Jens , Arning Carsten , Gunter Felicitas , Strohbach Ben , Juergens Norbert 
Published: June 2022

Termite mounds contribute to the heterogeneity and productivity of many semi‐arid ecosystems worldwide. Regular spatial patterns of termite mounds are well documented but the underlying pattern‐building mechanisms remain to be clarified.This study analysed a comprehensive data set of Macrotermes michaelseni mound metrics, spatial patterns and dynamics, recorded 12 years apart within 1 km2 of Namibian thornbush savanna. We used both unmarked and marked point pattern analyses to assess spatial distributions of termite mounds.We recorded 485 termite mounds in 2007 and 2019. Out of the investigated 142 active termite mounds in 2007, 81 were active 12 years later. Only 2% (n = 3/129) of remnant mound sites in 2007 were newly colonised in 2019. All mounds were distributed at regular distances. Mounds higher than 2 m and long‐term active mounds (active in 2007 and 2019) showed high regularity. Mounds up to 0.7 m height and new mounds occurred in clusters and showed a spatial repulsion to large and long‐term active colonies. The spatial distribution of Boscia albitrunca trees generally clustered around termite mounds, but did not cluster around young colonies.The results contradict the hypothesis of preferred colony settlement on previously inhabited mound sites. Remnant mounds are relatively unlikely to be recolonised when recently abandoned. The observed spatial patterns show that intraspecific competition between large colonies is the decisive factor for regular spatial patterns of termite colonies, whereas small and young colonies are limited to unoccupied patches. Surrounding trees are a pattern‐building factor of only secondary importance.The spatio‐temporal scale in our study reveals general trends of termite mound life histories and spatial pattern‐building mechanisms. Availability of not previously inhabited sites form the patterns of founding new colonies. Well‐established mounds are highly regulated by intraspecific competition. This highlights that termites contribute to ecosystem heterogeneity through self‐organised spatial regularity.
Contrasting sex roles in two species with stable biparental care
Authors: Trumbo Stephen T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiparental care involves multiple forms of care and is organized between males and females in diverse ways. When this organization varies among closely related species, there are potential insights into both the evolutionary lability of sex roles and the factors that stabilize biparental care. Recent work on burying beetles suggests stark differences among species in which parent, if either, is specialized for defending the nest and brood. I investigated the relative ability of single male and female parents to both raise and defend offspring in two additional species. In contests, male Nicrophorus marginatus were more successful than females, both as resident defenders and as intruders. Defenders also had more success against same‐sex intruders than opposite‐sex intruders, and injuries were more common in same‐sex encounters, evidence that sexually selected infanticide influenced decisions about defense. When residents excluded intruders from the nest, males and females produced broods of similar size. In N. defodiens, males and females were also equally successful in rearing offspring, but, in contrast to N. marginatus, neither sex was more successful in contests. These findings and a review of earlier work suggest that despite many similarities in caregiving within this genus, species have diverged in sex‐role specialization of brood defense (male‐biased, female‐biased, and sex‐neutral). I hypothesize that variation in competitive environments alters selection on body size and defense specialization, but that this does not have qualitative effects on the stability of biparental care in this genus.
Don't fear the reaper: An alternative relief option for dementia patients and familial caregivers
Authors: Conklin Elizabeth 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe number of Americans diagnosed with a form of dementia is steadily increasing, yet the research and available treatments for the disease remain concerningly stagnant. All too often, the burden of caring for elderly dementia patients falls on the patients' adult children. As the patients' ability to communicate diminishes, the child caretakers are forced to guess on appropriate end‐of‐life decisions. This Note proposes an amendment to state statutes for physician‐assisted death that would give dementia patients the opportunity to make plans for a dignified death. This would alleviate both emotional and financial burdens on their child caretakers.
Pancreatic hamartoma: detection of harbouring NAB2::STAT6 fusion gene
Authors: Tanigawa Masahiko , Koga Yutaka , Naito Yoshiki , Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Iwasaki Takeshi , Kohashi Kenichi , Ohike Nobuyuki , Hanada Keiji , Higashi Michiyo , Komatsu Masato , Imai Hiroshi , Yamakita Keisuke , Nagakawa Tatsuya , Okabe Yoshinobu , Kato Seiya , Noguchi Hirotsugu , Nakayama Toshiyuki , Yasuda Masanori , Kusano Hironori , Akiba Jun , Oda Yoshinao , Yano Hirohisa 
Published: June 2022

AimHamartomas in the pancreas are rare and are often histologically and morphologically similar to solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs). We examined the differences between hamartomas and SFTs at the molecular level.Methods and resultsThirteen patients histopathologically diagnosed with pancreatic hamartoma were included in the study. We also performed STAT6 immunohistochemistry (IHC), which is used in the diagnosis of SFT. Furthermore, for the three cases in which RNA was extracted, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to search for NAB2::STAT6 fusions was used. Macroscopically, 13 patients had well‐demarcated tumour lesions. Histologically, no islets of Langerhans were observed in the lesions, acinar tissue and ducts were unevenly distributed and elastic fibres were not observed around the ducts by Elastica van Gieson staining. One case contained a lipomatous hamartoma composed mainly of adipose tissue. Seven of the 13 cases demonstrated expression of STAT6 in the nuclei of intervening spindle cells. NAB2::STAT6 fusions were observed in two of the three cases in which RNA was extracted. These two cases also demonstrated STAT6 expression in spindle cells using STAT6 IHC. In one case of lipomatous hamartoma, we did not confirm NAB2::STAT6 fusion or STAT6 expression in STAT6 IHC.ConclusionOf the 13 patients histopathologically diagnosed with hamartoma, two demonstrated NAB2::STAT6 fusions, suggesting the existence of pancreatic hamartomas with molecular‐level components identical to those of SFT.