bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How effective are police road presence and enforcement in a developing country context?
Authors: Sam Enoch F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTraffic enforcement and associated penalties are essential in any successful road safety strategy. Available literature identifies both traditional and automated traffic enforcement. Ghana employs traditional traffic enforcement involving visible police officers enforcing traffic rules and regulations on the roadways. This phenomenological study explores the perceived effectiveness of police road presence as a road safety strategy in the Ghanaian context. Data for the analysis came from in-depth interviews of 42 people recruited as a convenience sample (comprising 25 commercial drivers, 12 private drivers, and five traffic police officers of the Motor Traffic and Transport Department (MTTD) of the Ghana Police Service). The study results suggest widespread driver road tactics to outwit the traffic police officers, police extortion and driver bribery (road traffic corruption), and punishment avoidance. These behaviours undermine deterrence and negate the seriousness and expected general deterrent effect of the police road presence and enforcement. This study provides an initial exploration of the effectiveness (or otherwise) of police road presence and enforcement in the context of a developing country. Additional studies are, however, needed to explore this phenomenon further.
Rotational excitation of CO2 induced by He: New potential energy surface and scattering calculations
Authors: Godard Palluet A. , Thibault F. , Lique F. 
Published: February 2022

The CO2 molecule is of great interest for astrophysical studies since it can be found in a large variety of astrophysical media where it interacts with the dominant neutral species, such as He, H2, or H2O. The CO2–He collisional system was intensively studied over the last two decades. However, collisional data appear to be very sensitive to the potential energy surface (PES) quality. Thus, we provide, in this study, a new PES of the CO2–He van der Waals complex calculated with the coupled-cluster method and a complete basis set extrapolation in order to provide rotational rate coefficients that are as accurate as possible. The PES accuracy was tested through the calculations of bound state transition frequencies and pressure broadening coefficients that were compared to experimental data. An excellent agreement was globally found. Then, revised collisional data were provided for the 10–300 K temperature range. Rate coefficients were compared to previously computed ones and are found to be up to 50% greater than previously provided ones. These differences can induce non-negligible consequences for the modeling of CO2 abundance in astrophysical media.
Biome boundary maintained by intense belowground resource competition in world’s thinnest-rooted plant community
Authors: Lu Mingzhen , Bond William J. , Sheffer Efrat , Cramer Michael D. , West Adam G. , Allsopp Nicky , February Edmund C. , Chimphango Samson , Ma Zeqing , Slingsby Jasper A. , Hedin Lars O. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
The distribution and stability of biomes are critical for understanding, modeling, and managing the land biosphere. While studies have emphasized abiotic factors such as climate, geology, or fire regimes, we here identify a biological mechanism—plant–plant competition for belowground resources—as critical for maintaining the boundary between the Fynbos and Afrotemperate Forest biomes in South Africa. We demonstrate an apparent general mechanism in which local competition triggers a biome-scale feedback between plant traits and soil resources, which, in turn, stabilizes the biome boundary by allowing plants to maintain their own preferred soil conditions. Our findings are of general importance for understanding the organization of biodiversity across landscapes, for managing alien plant invasions, and for modeling the future of biome boundaries.
Topological transition and Majorana zero modes in 2D non-Hermitian chiral superconductor with anisotropy
Authors: Jing Dong-Yang , Wang Huan-Yu , Liu Wu-Ming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study a non-Hermitian chiral topological superconductor system on two dimensional square lattice, from which we obtained a rich topological phase diagram and established an exact relationship between topological charge flow of exceptional points in generalized Brillouin zone and change of topological properties. Its rich topological phase diagram is the result of competition between anisotropy and non-Hermitian effect. This system belongs to class D according to AZ classification of non-Hermitian systems. Each topological phase can be characterized by a 2D Z number, which indicates the number of chiral edge modes, and two 1D Z
2 numbers, which indicate the existence of zero modes at edge dislocations.
Cross sections for vibrational excitation and dissociative recombination of the

CF3+

ion in collisions with low-energy electrons
Authors: Jiang Xianwu , Liu Hainan , Zhang Ya , Jiang Wei , Ayouz Mehdi , Kokoouline Viatcheslav 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cross sections for the vibrational excitation and dissociative recombination (DR) of the

C
F

3

+

ion in collisions with electrons at low scattering energies are computed using a previously-developed approach combining the normal mode approximation for the vibrational states of the target ion and the UK R-matrix code for the evaluation of the scattering matrices at fixed geometries. The obtained cross section for the DR shows excellent agreement with the experimental data from the ASTRID storage ring. Thermally-averaged rate coefficients are obtained from the cross sections for temperatures 10–3000 K.
Generation and regulation of electromagnetic pulses induced by hybrid laser pulses interacting with solid targets
Authors: He Q.Y. , Deng Z.G. , Meng L.B. , Zhang Z.M. , Cui B. , Qi W. , Yang L. , Liu H.J. , Fan W. , Wang C.K. , Yi T. , Gu Y. , Lin C. , Consoli F. , Zhou W.M. , Li T.S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In inertial confinement fusion, electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) can be produced during high-power laser interacting with solid targets, which are intimately related to laser intensity and laser energy. In this study, EMPs generated by hybrid laser pulses coupling with targets are recorded and analyzed. The results indicate that a single picosecond laser gives birth to the most intense EMPs, but they are remarkably suppressed when a nanosecond laser-shooting target is triggered before the picosecond and femtosecond laser. One possible hypothesis is proposed based on x-rays inducing pre-ablation that generates pre-plasma at the surfaces of the picosecond target and femtosecond target, leading to a sharp drop both in the energy and number of the emitting hot electrons and protons. The findings will deepen our understanding of the mechanism of EMPs’ generation and will also open a new avenue to regulate EMPs by hybrid laser pulses.
Development of design solutions for improving the characteristics of capacitive sensitive elements of sensors of physical quantities
Authors: Mikhailov P G 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Capacitive measuring transducers are the most stable of the sensors of physical quantities, so they are used in such areas and on products in which the parameters of time and parametric stability are the main parameters. Such products and systems include rocket and space technology, aviation, military equipment and weapons. In addition, capacitive measuring transducers are energy-saving, since the sensor element does not consume electrical energy during operation. To achieve high time and parametric stability, the design of measuring transducers must be designed using certain design and technological solutions aimed at eliminating the occurrence of unintentional internal mechanical stresses, and compensating for thermal stresses. In addition, capacitive measuring transducers must be guaranteed to be sealed, and also during their manufacture, all parts undergo a degassing operation, in which moisture dissolved in the near-surface layers of materials is removed by heat treatment in vacuum, as well as using methods of heterization of vacuum cavities.
Quasioptimal control in diversed signal transmission
Authors: Polushin P A , Nikitin O R , Dubov I R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To increase the noise immunity of signal transmission, diversity methods are now widely used, consisting in obtaining and combining several copies of the transmitted signal. In this case, it is possible to perform a combination either before the detection procedure or after it. If you do not take into account the possible use of non-linear types of modulation, then the pre-detector combination always has advantages over the post-detector combination. However, taking into account the nonlinear properties of the transmitted signals, new possibilities appear for increasing the noise immunity in combination and simplifying the processing. In the case of using analog signals, in particular frequency modulation, at certain points in time, the pre-detection combination can lose to the post-detection combination. At the same time, by combining pre-detector and post-detector combining circuits, it is possible to lower the threshold level during demodulation and increase noise immunity. In the case of using digital modes of modulation, it is possible to process only the signals after demodulation without reducing the noise immunity and to eliminate the need for preliminary phasing of the diversity signals before detection.
Mathematical Model Design for a 7-DOF robot and 6-DOF comparison simulation
Authors: Ordoñez-Avila José Luis , Midence Roger , Magomedov Islam A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Currently, serial manipulators are the boom in the industry. Most companies are looking for solutions that improve production processes and that are human collaborative. They seek to simulate the skills that humans perform. Nowadays there is a constant question of comparison between a redundant robot of 7-DOF and one that meets the necessary joints to perform complex jobs useful in the industry as is the 6-DOF. In this paper we design a mathematical model that describes the forwards kinematics of the 7-DOF manipulator using the famous D-H convention and determine if the kinematic chain of the manipulators interferes in the performance of their work and thus reach a comparison with its predecessor of 6-DOF in the industry by means of a simulation in CoppeliaSim. As the main results the 6-DOF is more useful for repetitive production assignments and the 7-DOF for human collaboration.
Development of an intelligent learning system based on fuzzy logic
Authors: Izvozchikova V V , Tlegenova T E , Markovin V V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In modern institutions of higher education, the positive result of their work is measured by the progress of the student or by the factor how well the student meets the standard set by the state and the internal situation of the educational institution. In the current study, a new approach is proposed in assessing the progress of students, which is based on a fuzzy logic system. The proposed method uses three indicators: test tasks, written work and the possibility of mutual evaluation of students. Then, the quality of knowledge is assessed through the use of fuzzy logic, which is based on the Mamdani method. The results of applying this approach show that the proposed method can have practical application in assessing the quality of students’ progress.
Investigating the dynamics of a buck converter with time-delay feedback control
Authors: Andriyanov A I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The paper deals with the dynamics features of a closed automatic control system based on a buck converter with a function to control nonlinear dynamic processes. A comprehensive analysis of the system under study is carried out using both small-signal average dynamic models and nonlinear dynamic models. For the first time, a small-signal average model of a system with a control function for nonlinear dynamic processes based on a time-delay feedback control has been obtained. The influence of this control method on Bode plots of an open system is shown. It is noted that the use of the time-delay feedback control ensures the stability of both the equilibrium point of the small-signal average model and the fixed point of the periodic mode of the nonlinear dynamic model of the system under consideration. This enables to achieve high quality output voltage. The application of the time-delay feedback control does not require to correct the system parameters, which ensures a given speed and low losses in the power switch of the converter. In addition, the quality of the transition process in the system is improved, namely, oscillation is eliminated and overshoot is reduced. Using the time-delay feedback control, it is possible to provide the desired dynamic mode in the areas of instability of the initial system without controlling nonlinear dynamic processes, which makes it possible to increase the speed due to the small time constant of the regulator. These results were obtained for the first time and can be used in the design of pulse power supply systems of a wide variety.
Improving the environmental safety of vehicle operation by using flywheel batteries
Authors: Abdullina L R , Rusanova K R , Petrova M M , Avakian M K , Zrazhevskiy A V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Despite the fact that according to the largest international organization “Our World in Data”, air pollution mortality is decreasing - mainly due to improved indoor air - this type of environmental pollution is one of the world’s leading risk factors. In 2017 approximately 5 million people around the world died from diseases caused by air pollution – strokes, lung cancer, etc. The prevailing part (about 40% of the world’s air pollution) occurs when vehicles are used, mainly personal vehicles, which means that it is necessary to develop measures to improve the environmental friendliness of the use of vehicles. Since the exhaust gases of automobile engines contain a large amount of air pollutants, it is possible to limit their emissions by developing and implementing hybrid vehicles with flywheel energy accumulators. The article considers the dimensionless dependence of the current acceleration of the car to its maximum acceleration in the presence and absence of a flywheel in the system, and checks the reliability of the dependence on the stand.
Tomography analysis tool: an application for image analysis based on unsupervised machine learning
Authors: Bagni T , Haldi H , Mauro D , Senatore C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We developed a graphical user interface (GUI) to analyse tomographic images of superconducting Nb3Sn wires designed for the next generation accelerator magnets. The Tomography Analysis Tool (TAT) relies on the k-means algorithm, an unsupervised machine learning technique which is widely used to partition images into separated clusters. The GUI is compatible with both Linux and Windows operating systems. The software reliability was tested by optical inspecting the tomographic images superimposed on the clustered image obtained by the k-means algorithm. TAT was proven to correctly segment the various components of the Nb3Sn superconducting wires with single pixel precision. Finally, this software can be a useful tool for the scientific community to segment and analyse quickly and reproducibly tomographic images.
Continuous Monitoring of Blood Pressure Using a Wrist-Worn Cuffless Device
Authors: Sayer Gabriel , Piper Greta , Vorovich Esther , Raikhelkar Jayant , Kim Gene H , Rodgers Daniel , Shimbo Daichi , Uriel Nir 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Measuring an accurate blood pressure (BP) in ambulatory patients is critical for therapeutic decisions. An accurate noninvasive device that measures BP continuously could provide a more comprehensive assessment of BP. The aim of this study was to determine whether the LiveOne device, a cuffless wristband that provides continuous BP measurements, is accurate in comparison to an invasive arterial line (A-line).

METHODS
We enrolled hospitalized patients and healthy volunteers in this multicenter study. All patients had an invasive A-line. Waveforms were simultaneously downloaded from the A-line and LiveOne device. The primary outcome was the correlation between the LiveOne device and the A-line for systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP).

RESULTS
Thirty-four patients with 233 measurement periods were included. Mean age was 60.7 ± 15.2 years, and 15 (44%) were female. The correlation for SBP was 0.91 and for DBP was 0.85. The mean band error was 0.0 ± 6.9 mm Hg for SBP and 1.2 ± 5.7 mm Hg for DBP. The mean absolute error was 8.2 ± 5.8 mm Hg for SBP and 6.4 ± 3.9 mm Hg for DBP. For SBP, 98% of LiveOne measurements were within 15 mm Hg and for DBP, 92% of LiveOne measurements were within 10 mm Hg.

CONCLUSIONS
The LiveOne device provides continuous, noninvasive BP measurements that are accurate in comparison to A-line measurements. The portability and unobtrusive nature of this device and the ability to provide continuous BP measurements may offer advantages over currently available BP monitors.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT03919136.
Interaction of the EU Chemicals Regulation—REACH—with Occupational Safety and Health Legislation: A Report from the 5th German REACH Congress
Authors: Reihlen Antonia , Wirth Olaf , Jepsen Dirk , Guhe Christine , Künnemann Kai U , Walendzik Gudrun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In April 2021, the 5th German REACH Congress took place as a hybrid event with a focus on discussing interlinkages between REACH and the occupational safety and health (OSH) legislation. More than 1000 people from Germany, the EU, and non-EU countries representing all stakeholder groups participated via livestream. Around 10% of the participants provided their opinions on various issues in an online survey. The presentations and discussions, as well as the results of the online survey, show that the stakeholders perceive a positive effect of REACH on the implementation of OSH, in particular via the information made available through the registration and communication in the supply chain, and the restrictions and authorization procedures. The integration of OSH and REACH expertise in the regulatory processes, as well as transparency and clarity about the selection of regulatory instruments to manage workplace risks, were highlighted as areas for potential improvement. Overall, it was concluded that the Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability would further improve the interplay of legislation, which would also benefit the level of safety and health at workplaces.
mzMD: visualization-oriented MS data storage and retrieval
Authors: Yang Runmin , Ma Jingjing , Zhang Shu , Zheng Yu , Wang Lusheng , Zhu Daming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMotivationDrawing peaks in a data window of an MS dataset happens at all time in MS data visualization applications. This asks to retrieve from an MS dataset some selected peaks in a data window whose image in a display window reflects the visual feature of all peaks in the data window. If an algorithm for this purpose is asked to output high-quality solutions in real time, then the most fundamental dependence of it is on the storage format of the MS dataset.ResultsWe present mzMD, a new storage format of MS datasets and an algorithm to query this format of a storage system for a summary (a set of selected representative peaks) of a given data window. We propose a criterion Q-score to examine the quality of data window summaries. Experimental statistics on real MS datasets verified the high speed of mzMD in retrieving high-quality data window summaries. mzMD reported summaries of data windows whose Q-score outperforms those mzTree reported. The query speed of mzMD is the same as that of mzTree whereas its query speed stability is better than that of mzTree.Availability and implementationThe source code is freely available at https://github.com/yrm9837/mzMD-java.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Pre-training graph neural networks for link prediction in biomedical networks
Authors: Long Yahui , Wu Min , Liu Yong , Fang Yuan , Kwoh Chee Keong , Chen Jinmiao , Luo Jiawei , Li Xiaoli 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMotivationGraphs or networks are widely utilized to model the interactions between different entities (e.g. proteins, drugs, etc.) for biomedical applications. Predicting potential interactions/links in biomedical networks is important for understanding the pathological mechanisms of various complex human diseases, as well as screening compound targets for drug discovery. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been utilized for link prediction in various biomedical networks, which rely on the node features extracted from different data sources, e.g. sequence, structure and network data. However, it is challenging to effectively integrate these data sources and automatically extract features for different link prediction tasks.ResultsIn this article, we propose a novel Pre-Training Graph Neural Networks-based framework named PT-GNN to integrate different data sources for link prediction in biomedical networks. First, we design expressive deep learning methods [e.g. convolutional neural network and graph convolutional network (GCN)] to learn features for individual nodes from sequence and structure data. Second, we further propose a GCN-based encoder to effectively refine the node features by modelling the dependencies among nodes in the network. Third, the node features are pre-trained based on graph reconstruction tasks. The pre-trained features can be used for model initialization in downstream tasks. Extensive experiments have been conducted on two critical link prediction tasks, i.e. synthetic lethality (SL) prediction and drug–target interaction (DTI) prediction. Experimental results demonstrate PT-GNN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods for SL prediction and DTI prediction. In addition, the pre-trained features benefit improving the performance and reduce the training time of existing models.Availability and implementationPython codes and dataset are available at: https://github.com/longyahui/PT-GNN.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.