bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge construction of Caesarean Section among women in Northern Ghana
Authors: Amike Joana , Yidana Adadow 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The study sought to determine the prevalence of cesarean section among women who delivered at the Tamale Teaching Hospital. Cesarean section is performed when a vaginal delivery is risky to the baby and mother. Even though the benefits of Caesarean section are known to women, many would often opt for vaginal delivery to boost their social recognition as women. Methods: The design was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study among women within the Tamale Metropolis. The study employed a qualitative method. There were four focus group discussions to elicit information from women who experienced Caesarean Section. Results: Many of the participants had good knowledge about the risk and effects of a Caesarean Section. Respondents with cesarean section experience did not have a choice to decline in the study hospital because all were emergency cases. The belief of respondents about cesarean section was influenced by friends and relatives. Some of the reasons assigned for not opting for a cesarean section were; fear of complications, uncertainty regarding the pain during and after the procedure, and the fact that it is not a natural phenomenon. The perception of society regarding womanhood strongly emerged as an order of socialization and revealed that women who experienced Caesarean section go through ridicule in their respective communities. Conclusion: There is a growing trend of misconception about cesarean section. The Ministry of Health in Ghana should ensure that all health personnel, especially nurses and midwives, have location-based training on sociocultural beliefs about Caesarean section.
Effect of Part Geometry/Process Conditions in Fabricating Woven Fiber Angle Part Composite by Vacuum Bag Only Process with Interleaved Fiber/Prepreg Layup
Authors: Wu Kai Jen , Young Wen-Bin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study used the vacuum bag-only (VBO) process to fabricate angle composite parts with interleaved layup of prepreg and dry fibers. The quality of angle parts is investigated by statistical methods, which are divided into two parts: geometric characteristics and internal characteristics. The results indicated that the part fabricated by the convex mold presented higher dimension stability and uniformity as compared to that by the concave mold. In addition, the lead caul plate could effectively improve the thickness change in the corner area in both the concave and convex molds, and both the lead and Si-rubber caul plates could significantly reduce the angle deviation. For the internal characteristics, to quantify the void content of the laminate, we propose a scoring mechanism to analyze angle part. The part fabricated by the convex mold has higher score than that by the concave mold. In order to fully understand the thickness variation of the part at the corner region, a semi-empirical model was proposed to calculate the corner thickness deviation in different mold geometry and stacking thickness. In this study, the prediction errors of the semi-empirical model for the parts by the concave and convex molds are 17.6% and 16.1%, respectively.
Juvenile Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy and Juvenile Dermatomyositis: Characteristics and outcomes of affected children at a Paediatric Rheumatology Clinic in a tropical climate.
Authors: Latchan Zafir Wasim , Ali Shanice , Chin-Kong Patrick , Dyaanand Haramnauth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Juvenile Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy (JIIM) is a rare autoimmune condition of which Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common subtype. To this date there has been no published data focusing on this condition in Trinidad nor the English-speaking Caribbean.
Methods
A retrospective folder analysis was done on patients with JIIM who attended the recently formed Paediatric Rheumatology Multi-Disciplinary Clinic over a 6 months period from May 2021 at San Fernando Teaching Hospital, Trinidad and Tobago. Demographics, investigations and diagnoses were analysed. A secondary comparative analysis of two diagnostic criteria was performed and treatment approach was examined.
Results
5 notes were reviewed in this period. The male: female ratio was 1:4 and the average age of onset was 6.8 years. 80% of JIIM cases were JDM. The most common presenting complaints were: skin rash and weakness (62%). The most common additional symptoms were: joint pain (60%) and pruritis (60%). Previous upper respiratory tract infection was recognized in 40% of JIIM patients and one patient had Kawasaki disease 6 years prior. Creatine Kinase showed modest elevations in JDM, whilst it was extremely elevated in one patient with myositis. There was an 80% concordance between the EULAR/ACR 2017 and the Peter and Bohan 1975 criteria. 60% tested positive for ANA. Anti PM, Anti Ku, Anti RP155, Anti Mi2A, Anti Mi2B and Anti RP11 antibodies were identified. 40% were positive for AntiRP155. 60% of patients utilized MRI imaging which detected myositis in all reports. Methotrexate and prednisolone were used in 100%. Parenteral drugs used included: intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone. 80% had vitamin D supplementation and 100% were prescribed physiotherapy. One child had intractable calcinosis.
Conclusions
Whilst the study size was arguably small, patterns were seen which are in keeping with international data on epidemiology and treatment. Recommendations from this study include: greater utilization of MRI in diagnostic workup, further evaluating anti RP155 antibody as a new myositis associated antibody in a Caribbean population and exploring further options for calcinosis treatment in a developing nation.
Modelling Monthly Rainfall in the Agricultural Hub of Oyo State, Nigeria: A Comparative Probability Distributions Study
Authors: Sasanya Blessing Funmbi , Awodutire Phillip Oluwatobi , Ufuoma Olohita Geogina 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The most appropriate probability distribution for rainfall data varies from one region to the other. The need to research the best distribution for different locations is thus a continuous process. This research was designed to investigate rainfall variability and the best-fit distribution model for monthly rainfall in Oke Ogun, the agricultural hub of Oyo state, Nigeria. Thirty-six years’ rainfall data (1982-2017) were statistically analysed and fitted to ten different probability distributions for each calendar month. Parameters of each distribution were estimated from maximum likelihood estimates. Best fit distribution models for each month were selected using Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) and Corrected Akaike Information Criteria (CAIC) as model selection criteria. Gamma distribution had the best-fit for six of the twelve-monthly rainfall data. Weibull distribution had best-fit for three months, while Lognormal fitted data for March and July best and Gumbel distribution had best-fit for August. This study will enable adequate integrated water resources management as well as proper water resources evaluation and planning, for agricultural productivity in the Oke Ogun region of Oyo state. Nigeria.
Bridge connection between depression and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles in Chinese residents from a network perspective
Authors: Wang Shi-Bin , Xu Wen-Qi , Gao Li-Juan , Tan Wen-Yan , Zheng Hui-Rong , Hou Cai-Lan , Jia Fu-Jun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose As lifestyle behaviors are components of the culture of mental health treatment settings, we examined bridge connection between depression and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles from a network perspective using a population-based study.Methods A provincial representative sample of 13,768 inhabitants from the Guangdong Sleep and Psychosomatic Health Survey was face-to-face interviewed using standardized assessment tools. Expected influence was used to identify central symptoms. The interconnection between depression and anxiety symptoms, and bridge connectivity linking depression-anxiety symptoms and lifestyle factors was evaluated using bridge centrality index. A case dropping bootstrap procedure was employed to network stability and sensibility analyses. Results In depression-anxiety symptoms network,fatigue or little energy has the highest expected influence, followed by uncontrollable worry, trouble relaxing and sad mood. Surrounding nodes of each node explained a mean 57.63% of the variance. In the network integrating depression-anxiety symptoms with lifestyle factors, suicidal thoughts were identified as collective bridging symptoms connecting lifestyle variables. And irritability and guilt also indicated the highest connectivity with lifestyles. All networks had high stability and accuracy. Conclusion These emphasized core and bridge symptoms were latent targets to prevent and intervene comorbid depression and anxiety. Targeting interventions aiming at specific lifestyle behaviors may be crucial to develop efficient and purposeful treatment strategies for clinical practitioners.
Comparative evaluation of accuracy of the multiple methods of heatstroke risk model including time-stratified case-crossover analysis
Authors: Nemoto Mio , Hirabayashi Satoshi , Sato Seisho , Fujii Akihiro , Nojiri Hidetoshi , Ihara Tomohiko 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
High temperatures in urban areas owing to climate change and urban heat islands have led to an increase in the number of heatstroke patients. To prevent heatstroke, accurate heatstroke patient prediction model should be used to predict and alert people to their risk. However, most previous models have not tested sufficient training data, although susceptibility to heatstroke is likely to be dependent on year-wise trends and is susceptible to training data. We investigated an accurate heatstroke risk model that is robust to the training data. By examining the factors affecting the accuracy and trade-off between the quantity and quality of adding old data to training data, the method of selecting training data for constructing an accurate model was also investigated.
Method
We compared the accuracies of three methods: multiple regression analysis (MR), generalized additive model (GAM), and time-stratified case-crossover analysis (TC). The training data for all combinations from 2012 were tested. By comparing the errors of each method, we identified the error influencing factors in the training data.
Results
The TC errors were the smallest (p < 0.005) and much less sensitive to the training data than others. Best accuracy odds ratios were 1.41–1.44. The error was significantly larger when the number of extremely hot days differed between the training and test data in MR and GAM (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). All three methods tended to increase accuracy up to a certain point and decrease from the middle of the year when adding past years retroactively from the most recent year in training data.
Conclusions
By using the odds ratios produced by TC with low sensitivity to training data, we can develop highly accurate heatstroke risk model that are robust to training data, which has not been possible with previous models. If data are to be included continuously, a model constructed from three or four years of data from the latest one is the most accurate.
Occupational Resilience: Construct and Practice Implications in Occupational Therapy
Authors: Muriithi Bernard Austin Kigunda , Muriithi Jennifer , Gupta Jyothi , Radziak Jennifer , Story Adam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundOccupational resilience is a new construct in occupational therapy. It is used in other disciplines to refer to an individual’s ability to maintain challenging work roles, but its definition requires better clarity and more consensus.AimThis paper proposes a definition of occupational resilience with the goal of bringing important perspectives to the field of occupational therapy. The paper embraces the nuanced meaning of the term occupation and explains how integrating resilience into occupational therapy opens innovative prospects for practice.MethodDrawing from literature review, published stories of specific individuals or groups, documentaries, and hypothetical case scenarios, the paper illustrates how occupational resilience is a complex reality that can have widespread implications.ResultsOccupational resilience is defined as the capacity for persistence in the performance of an occupation, where capacity is examined from both duration and intensity of engagement in a specified occupation. While most examples of resilience refer to the individual, occupational resilience applies to groups, communities, and populations as well.SignificanceOccupational resilience is an innovative construct that names the naturally changing individual or group capacity shaped by personal and environmental factors. Defining this reality creates a more focused discussion on its clinical and research implications.
Cat flea infestation on ruminants: clinical evaluation, control, and tick fever agents DNA investigation
Authors: Neves Luiz Felipe , Campolina Joana Palhares , Bastos Gabriela , Souza Gabriel Resende , Pinheiro Guilherme Rafael Gomide , Rodrigues Daniel Sobreira , Coelho Sandra Gesteira , Ferreira Lorena Lopes 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ectoparasites in ruminants are common in tropical rearing systems and normally associated with tick and fly infestations. Although cat fleas it can occur, records of ruminant infestation by are unusual. The present study describes two different cases of flea infestation at the same farm in the Brazilian southeast region, in different periods and different species, kids and calves. In both cases, domestic feral cats and dogs infested by Ctenocephalides felis felis had access to the animal’s facility. Kids and calves presented high flea burden that caused dermatitis, stress, discomfort, irritation, anemia, and weight gain reduction. The packed cell volume of the calves was performed and due to history of tick fever in the farm an investigation of tick fever agents DNA in the fleas was done, to verity possible mechanical transmission through flea bite. For flea control, on both situations, the animal’s treatment with deltamethrin plus environment cleaning and spraying insecticide showed success. Four of eight calves presented anemia (packed cell volume < 24%). The tick fever agents DNA was not diagnosed. The right parasite identification, election of methods, drugs and environment management are necessary to a satisfactory outcome and parasite control.
Economic freedom, inclusive growth, and financial development: A heterogeneous panel analysis of less financially developed countries
Authors: Vitenu-Sackey Prince Asare 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The effective and efficient management of financial systems and resources creates a socioeconomic climate that is beneficial to technological and innovation progress, propagating economic development in the long run. The study used panel data on 72 countries classified as less financially developed from 2009 to 2017 to critically assess the role of economic freedom and inclusive growth in financial development. We used the linear dynamic panel GMM-IV estimator and panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) linear regression method and contemporaneous correlation estimator, a thus generalized least square method for the long-run estimations. Evidence from our analyses suggests that economic freedom, inclusive growth, and capital stock positively contribute to financial development significantly. More importantly, inclusive growth positively contributes to overall financial development through improved economic freedom. We observed that tax burden and investment freedom are the adverse drivers of financial development considering the overall financial development index irrespective of exogenous and endogenous shocks. On the contrary, property rights protection, government spending, monetary freedom, and financial freedom are the positive and significant drivers of financial development.
Conflitos de agência, Governança Corporativa e o serviço público brasileiro: um ensaio teórico
Authors: Abilio Martins Vinicius , Jeremias Junior Jair , Fernando Enciso Luis 
Published: June 2022

RESUMO
O serviço público brasileiro é fundamentado em leis e regras que tendem o serviço, em alguns casos, ser exercício de forma em que o interesse de quem o executa seja divergente de quem o contratou. A teoria da agência afirma que a possibilidade de se contratar e delegar poderes a administradores que não necessariamente possuam alguma participação no capital societário da empresa, acarreta um problema de partição entre propriedade e controle, em que os interesses do proprietário, no caso, chamado de principal, acabam não se tornando os mesmos dos gestores contratados, no caso, o agente. O papel da Governança Corporativa é acompanhar o relacionamento entre a administração (agentes) e os proprietários (principais) e reduzir as diferenças existentes entre eles, principalmente em relação a assimetria de informações. Este trabalho, através de um ensaio teórico, busca apresenta as relações existentes, fundamentada na literatura, a respeito da Teoria da Agência e da Governança Corporativa na aplicação no setor e serviços públicos. No contexto apresentado, uma boa estrutura de Governança torna-se recomendável para uma eficaz administração e gestão nos órgãos do setor público. Foi possível perceber que os princípios da Governança Corporativa, sendo Transparência (disclosure), Prestação de Contas (accountability) e Equidade (fairness) vão de encontro aos princípios da Administração Pública, principalmente relacionados a Publicidade e Moralidade.
Palavras-chave: Teoria da Agência, Governança Corporativa, Serviço Público.
Influência da governança corporativa para o recebimento de subvenções e assistências governamentais em Companhias abertas
Authors: Scheren Gilvane , Dalchiavon Ariberto , Dias de Moura Geovanne 
Published: June 2022

RESUMO
O estudo objetivou verificar a influência da governança corporativa para o recebimento de subvenções e assistências governamentais em companhias abertas listadas na B3 S.A. Para tal, realizou-se pesquisa descritiva, documental e quantitativa, com dados de 2010 a 2016. Para identificação das subvenções e assistências governamentais foram verificadas as contas de “Reserva de Incentivos Fiscais” do P.L. Como proxy para governança corporativa, utilizou-se o Índice de Ações com Governança Corporativa Diferenciada (IGC). Os resultados demonstraram que os setores de utilidade pública, consumo cíclico e consumo não cíclico se destacaram positivamente, vez que estes setores possuíam o maior número de empresas que receberam algum tipo de subvenção e assistência governamental no período investigado. Os resultados revelaram também que a governança corporativa influencia para o recebimento de subvenções e assistências governamentais. Concluiu-se que no Brasil, país que possui um ambiente institucional frágil, caracterizado por um mercado acionário menos ativo e com proteção legal aos direitos de propriedade significativamente inferiores ao de países como Estados Unidos, por exemplo, as práticas de governança corporativa são vistas como mecanismos que contribuem para o cumprimento das obrigações relacionadas às subvenções e que auxiliam para um melhor uso dos benefícios recebidos. Por isso, influenciam positivamente para o recebimento de subvenções e assistências governamentais.
Palavras-chave: Governança corporativa. Subvenções e assistências governamentais. Companhias abertas.
Governança no setor público: avaliação do nível de aderência de uma instituição de ensino superior ao modelo de governança pública da IFAC
Authors: Rodrigues Sobreira Karoline , Salgueiro Rodrigues Junior Manuel 
Published: June 2022

RESUMO
Diversos países estão no caminho para uma mudança das características do setor público, através de uma remodelação político-administrativa que seja projetada para assegurar maior responsabilidade e melhor prestação de serviços. As Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas também estão inseridas nesse contexto, sendo sua demanda constante e o volume de recursos disponível cada vez mais restrito, acarretando a necessidade do aperfeiçoamento contínuo do seu modelo de gestão (Sales et al, 2015). O presente estudo tem o objetivo de fazer uma avaliação na gestão de uma Universidade Pública do Ceará, com base no referencial teórico "International Framework: Good Governance in the Public Sector" produzido pela International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) e Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA), verificando a aderência da gestão quanto a esse modelo internacional. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, realizado através de um questionário para pessoas do corpo de governo da IES, com base no citado Framework do IFAC adaptado para a escala Likert. Os resultados revelam que existe a percepção de um nível Alto de adesão aos princípios de boa governança elencados pelo IFAC/CIPFA, com um percentual de 80,34%. Os princípios de “integridade, ética e compliance” e “acessibilidade e envolvimento dos stakeholders” foram destaques positivos, pois obtiveram os melhores níveis, com 92,38% e 87,62%, respectivamente. No entanto, mesmo com os resultados elevados, existem princípios passíveis de melhoria. Destaca-se a “Gestão de Riscos e Desempenho” e “Desenvolvimento Sustentável”, que obtiveram os menores percentuais (71,43% e 72,86%, respectivamente).
Palavras-chave: Governança no Setor Público. Instituição de Ensino Superior. IFAC.
Governança coorporativa: um fator chave para o aumento do nível de competitividade
Authors: Dos Santos Henrique , Campos Mendes Jullye 
Published: June 2022

RESUMO
As práticas de governança corporativa proporcionam aos proprietários de empresas a capacidade de gerir de forma estratégica e monitorar as ações da direção executiva. A teoria econômica tradicional trata que a governança coorporativa surge da necessidade da separação entre a propriedade e a gestão empresarial. Este artigo busca analisar qual o impacto das práticas de governança coorporativa no nível de competitividade das empresas que compõem o IBRX50 (Índice Brasil 50 – carteira composta pelas cinquenta ações mais negociadas na Bolsa). Devido ao contexto atual, é de grande importância estudar o tema para explicitar a relevância das melhores práticas de governança coorporativa não apenas como trata a teoria, mas como uma ferramenta de melhoria nos resultados das organizações. A relação nível de competitividade e nível de governança corporativa das 50 empresas de capital aberto inclusas no IBrX50, segundo dados do ano de 2015, foi descrita utilizando o indicador financeiro Return On Assets (ROA) e a classificação da empresa de acordo com os níveis de governança corporativa da B3.Nos resultados apurados, as empresas listadas no Novo Mercado possuíam um ROA médio duas vezes maior que as empresa listadas no Nível 1 e 2 e quase nove vezes maior que as empresas listadas somente no nível básico. As empresas listadas no Novo Mercado também apresentaram o maior valor de ROA da amostra e as menores variações negativas verificadas. Desta forma, concluímos que, no período avaliado, as empresas da IBrX50 que apresentaram os melhores níveis de governança corporativa, apresentaram também os maiores níveis do indicado financeiro ROA e como consequência maiores níveis de competitividade.
Palavras-chave: Governança corporativa; B3; Retorno de ativos (ROA); Competitividade; Indicadores de lucratividade