bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on Atypical Kashin-Beck Disease---an Endemic Ankle Arthritis
Authors: Qi Fang , Cui Si-Lu , Zang Bing , Li Hao-Nan , Jiao Zhe , Yu Jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: To study the epidemiological characteristics of atypical Kashin-Beck disease cases without characteristic hand lesions such as interphalangeal joint enlargement and brachydactyly and the characteristics of ankle joint lesions.Methods: According to monitoring data, 4 types of regions (including none, mild, moderate and high Kashin-Beck disease endemic areas) in Heilong jiang and Jilin provinces were selected. All local residents over 40 years old were undergone clinical examanation and X-ray images of hands and feet.Kashin-Beck disease was diagnosed in accordance with the "Kashin-Beck disease diagnosis" standard (WS / T 207–2010) for the diagnosis of Kashin-Beck disease. Osteoarthritis was diagnosed in accordance with the American College of Rheumatology 1995 diagnostic criteria.Results: 119 residents over 40 years old were surveyed in a natural village in the non-endemic area. 1,190 residents over 40 years old were surveyed in 38 endemic KBD areas.A total of 710 patients with Kashin-Beck Disease were detected, including 245 patients with grade I, 175 patients with grade II, 25 patients with grade III, and 265 atypical patients. Among all investigated patients , 92.0% (653/710) had ankle joint changes, and it was 80.0% (196/245) in grade I patients and 95.4% (167/175) in grade Ⅱ. Varying degrees of ankle joint changes were found in both grade III and atypical patients. The grade of Kashin-Beck disease was correlated with the degree of ankle joint change (P<0.001), and the correlation coefficient rs=0.376. Atypical Kashin-Beck disease patients in mild and severe endemic area of Kashin-Beck Disease were younger than those with typical Kashin-Beck disease. Conclusions: There is a correlation between the degree of ankle joint change and the grade of Kashin-Beck disease. The higher the grade of Kashin-Beck disease, the more serious the change of the ankle joint.
Herpud1 deficiency alleviates homocysteine-induced aortic valve calcification
Authors: Xie Wenqing , Shan Yue , Wu Zhuonan , Liu Nan , Yang Jinjin , Zhang Hanlin , Sun Shiming , Chi Jufang , Feng Weizhong , Lin Hui , Guo Hangyuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the role and therapeutic value of homocysteine (hcy)-inducible endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) protein with ubiquitin like domain 1 (Herpud1) in hcy-induced calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Background: The morbidity and mortality rates of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) remain high while treatment options are limited.Methods: In vivo , we use the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and Herpud1 double knockout (LDLR-/-/Herpud1-/-) mice assessment of aortic valve calcification lesions, ERS activation, autophagy, and osteogenic differentiation of aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs). We used siRNA to knock down Herpud1 in cultured Primary AVICs were isolated from mice to further validate our findings. Results: Herpud1 was highly expressed in calcified human and mouse aortic valves as well as primary aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs). Herpud1 deficiency inhibited hcy-induced CAVD in vitro and in vivo. Herpud1 silencing activated cell autophagy, which subsequently inhibited hcy-induced osteogenic differentiation of AVICs. Hcy increased Herpud1 expression through the ERS pathway and promoted CAVD progression. ERS inhibitor 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) significantly attenuated aortic valve calcification in high methionine diet–fed low-density lipoprotein receptor-/- (LDLR-/-) mice by suppressing ERS and subsequent Herpud1 biosynthesis. Conclusions: These findings identify a previously unknown mechanism of Herpud1 upregulation in CAVD progression, suggesting that Herpud1 silencing or inhibition is a viable therapeutic strategy for arresting CAVD progression.
Knitted Structural Design of MXene/Cu2O Based Strain Sensor for Smart Wear
Authors: Cao Yuan-Ming , Li Yi-Fei , Zhang Ke-Qin , Zhuo Ming-Peng , Zhai Wang-Yi , Zheng Mi , Zheng Min , Wang Zuo-Shan , Liao Liang-Sheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Electronic textiles present an enticing prospect for personal health assessment and physical monitoring, owing to their strong stretchability, highly flexibility, mechanical robustness and high capacity in sensing small deformations in human motions. Herein, a multifunctional robust flexible knitting-shaped strain sensor based on the functional heterostructure composing with the conductive MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanosheet and the antimicrobial Cu2O nanoparticles is prepared via a solution-processable dip-dry coating approach. The textile-based strain sensor exhibits a highly stable and immediate response over a wide range, which shows great advantages in detecting and monitoring human activities, such as smiling, swallowing, and wrist/finger/joint bending. Significantly, these prepared strain sensors present a promising application in smart wear, which was typically employed as the smart sensing gloves in barrier-free communication for hearing-impaired people. Notably, the strain sensor displays a reliable antibacterial efficiency of ∼99.1% for Escherichia coli and an outstanding breathability as high as 190 mm/s, benefiting for their application in smart wear and artificial intelligence futures.
Dermatology residents as educators: A qualitative study of identity formation
Authors: Alwazzan lulu , Alharithy Ruaa , Alotaibi Hind , Kattan Thuraya , Alnasser Monira , Alnojaidi Taif 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
One of the many identities a physician comes to form during their career is their identity as an educator. Exploring formation of this identity may enrich our understanding of how physicians make decisions related to their roles as educators, their behaviors, and how this ultimately influences the educational environment. It is the aim of this study to investigate educator identity formation of dermatology residents while early in their careers.
Methods
Drawing on a social constructionist paradigm, we examined longitudinal data over a 12-month period using dermatology residents' written reflections from their professional portfolios and semi-structured interviews. We collected this data as we progressed through and beyond a 4-month professional development program designed to encourage residents’ growth as educators. Residents in their second, third, or final year of residency programs located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia took part in this study. Qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.
Results
60 written reflections and 20 semi-structured interviews were analyzed. The data is categorized into content themes and process-themes. Content themes included definition of education, the process of education, and professional development. Process-themes included the various identities being formed. Participants defined education as an individual act, interpersonal activity, and an organizational undertaking, with many believing that residency programs should prepare residents for their educator roles. Participants also described new found leadership ambitions of creating new dermatology fellowship programs as a result of taking part in the Resident-as-Educator program.
Conclusions
Our study provides insights on the dynamic formation of educator identities amongst dermatology residents. Investment in developing residents as educators through professional development programs may instigate transformational change on the individual physician level and profession’s level.
Crystal morphology prediction of CL-20 and 1,4-DNI co-crystal at different temperatures
Authors: Li Xing , Song Liang , Zhao Ying , Ju Xue-Hai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Using the attachment energy (AE) model and molecular dynamics (MD) methods, the morphologies of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) and 1,4-dinitroimidazole (1,4-DNI) co-crystal under vacuum or solvent at different temperatures were predicted. The CL-20/1,4-DNI co-crystal has six important growth crystal planes: (002), (011), (101), (11‒1), (110), (111). The area of (002), (101), and (011) planes account for a relatively large proportion, which are important crystal planes that affect the crystal morphology. At the same time, by calculating the interaction energy between the solvent and the crystal plane and the attachment energies under the influence of the solvent at 298 K, 320 K, 340 K, 360 K and 380 K were predicted. The crystal habits at different temperatures were simulated. The simulation results showed that the crystal plane attachment energy of CL-20 and 1,4-DNI co-crystal increases with the increase of temperature, indicating that the increase of temperature is conducive to the growth of crystal planes. The aspect ratio decreases with the increase of temperature and the morphology of cocrystal becomes more spherical. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experiment. The simulation results can provide guidance for the crystallization of CL-20/1,4-DNI to obtain a nearly spherical crystal morphology.
A simple nomogram for assessing COVID-19 in-hospital mortality in adults with diabetes: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Zheng , Liu Qinyu , Zeng Qingya , Luo Yinghua , Wen Junping , Chen Gang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: We aimed to develop a simple nomogram and online calculator for predicting the risk of COVID-19-related mortality in patients with diabetes, and to compare the practicality and cost-effectiveness of the nomogram with previous prediction models.Methods: We did a retrospective study in hospitals designated for 127 patients with diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 in Tehran. Adult patients with previous diabetes status or compliance with diabetes criteria on admission hospitalized for COVID-19 were enrolled. Based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method and multivariable logistic regression computed, a nomogram was developed using predictors upon admission. C-statistics were validated internally in the cohort by bootstrap and in subtypes analysis. The accuracy and cost-effectiveness between the nomogram and previous models were compared through C-statistics.Results: From February 29 to July 20, 2020, 127 patients were eligible for inclusion in the cohort, of which 29 died for COVID-19. Loss of consciousness, pulse, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and albumin were independent risk factors for COVID-19 mortality in diabetes. The nomogram and the free online calculator had a high C-statistic of 0.900 (0.842-0.958) for predicting mortality in diabetes with COVID-19, which performed better discrimination and clinical usefulness than previous models. C-statistic values were stable in internal validation and different subtypes.Conclusions: The nomogram and online calculator were used by emergency physicians and vaccine prevention doctors to identify diabetes with high COVID-19 mortality, which performed better than previous models. These patients might benefit from intensive monitoring, early preventive measures and vaccination.
Study on the mechanism of allergic rhinitis based on the expression of FIB, PCT, hs-CRP, and Th17/Treg-IL10/IL-17 axis balance
Authors: Yu Yafang , Yan Jianwen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis is not completely clear, while it is clear that various immune cells and cytokines play an essential role in its occurrence and development.Aim: To investigate the effect of exogenous interleukin-10 on the expression of FIB, PCT, hs-CRP, and Th17/Treg-IL10/IL-17 axis balance in the nasal mucosa of rats with allergic rhinitis.Method: In this study, 48 female SPF SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: blank control group, AR group, and IL-10 intervention group. The allergic rhinitis model was established in the AR group and IL-10 group. The rats in the control group were treated with normal saline; the rats in the AR group were given 20 μ L of saline containing 50 μ g of OVA every day. The rats in the IL-10 intervention group were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL of 40 pg/kg IL-10 and provided with OVA. The IL-10 intervention group was composed of mice with AR that received IL-10. The behavior of nasal allergic symptoms (such as nasal itching, sneezing, and runny nose) and the HE staining of nasal mucosa were observed. The levels of FIB, PCT, hs-CRP, IgE, and OVAs IgE in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of Treg and Th17 cells in serum were detected by flow cytometry. The protein levels of TGF- β, IL-10, and IL-17 in nasal mucosa were detected by the Western-blot method.Results: The scores of snots, nasal itching, and sneezing in the AR group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the scores of the above symptoms in the IL-10 intervention group were lower than those in the AR group. The levels of FIB, PCT, hs-CRP, IgE, and OVAs IgE in serum and the protein levels of IL-10 and IL-17 in the nasal mucosa in the AR group were higher than those in the blank control group. Meanwhile, the levels of FIB, PCT, hs-CRP, IgE, and OVAs IgE in serum and IL-10 and IL-17 protein in the nasal mucosa in the IL-10 group were lower than those in the AR group.Conclusion: IL-10 could improve the allergy of AR rats by affecting the expression of FIB, PCT, and hs-CRP, as well as the balance of the Th17/Treg-IL10/IL-17 axis in the nasal mucosa of AR rats.
Renal clearable bone-targeted contrast agents for theranostic imaging
Authors: Wang Haoran , Kang Homan , Dinh Jason , Yokomizo Shinya , Stiles Wesley R. , Tully Molly , Cardenas Kevin , Srini Surbhi , Ingerick Jason , Ahn Sung , Bao Kai , Choi Hak Soo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Due to the deep tissue penetration and reduced scattering, NIR-II fluorescence imaging is advantageous over conventional visible and NIR-I fluorescence imaging for the detection of bone growth, metabolism, metastasis, and other bone-related diseases. Methods: Here, we designed bone-targeted heptamethine cyanine fluorophores by substituting the meso-carbon with a sulfur atom, resulting in a bathochromic shift and increased fluorescence intensity, which together enables NIR-II tail imaging. Results: The newly synthesized S-substituted heptamethine fluorophores demonstrated a high affinity for hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate, which improved bone-specific targeting with signal-background ratios >3.5. Particularly, P800SO3-PEG showed minimum nonspecific uptake, and most unbound molecules were excreted into the urinary bladder. Histological analyses demonstrated that P800SO3-PEG remained stable in the bone for over two weeks and was incorporated into bone matrices. Interestingly, the flexible thiol ethylene glycol linker on P800SO3-PEG induced a promising photothermal effect, making this bone-targeted agent a potential theranostic imaging agent.Conclusions: P800SO3-PEG shows a high affinity for bone tissues, minimum nonspecific uptake in the major organs, and photothermal effect upon laser irradiation, making it promising as a targeted NIR theranostic agent for bone diseases.
Facile preparation and adsorption behavior studies of poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels reinforced by hydrogen bonds for methylene blue dye
Authors: Yao Jiale , Yang He , Zuo Danying , Xu Jing , Zhang Hongwei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To suppress the extreme swelling of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogels, two series of PAA-based hydrogels with additional non-covalent crosslinks were successfully synthesized by incorporating allyloxypolyethyleneglycol (APEG) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to form hydrogen bonds. The developed hydrogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The swelling and methylene blue (MB) adsorption experiments of them were performed. Both series of hydrogels exhibited moderate swelling ratios of 213 ~ 235 g g-1 and excellent removal efficiency of MB (> 92%). Based on kinetic assessments, the MB adsorption process could be well-described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, suggesting a monolayer chemisorption mechanism. The maximum theoretical adsorption capacity (qm) of the PAA-based hydrogel with PVP could achieve 2483.2 mg g-1. Regeneration experiments showed that both series of hydrogels could endure adsorption/desorption for at least 5 consecutive cycles with MB removal efficiency of higher than 80%. Therefore, it was believed that this study could provide a facile method to develop hydrogel adsorbents and a promising adsorbent material with high adsorption capacity for the removal of MB from dye-containing wastewater.
Senna occidentalis (L.) Link root extract inhibits Plasmodium growth in vitro and in mice
Authors: Mogaka Simeon , Molu Halkano , Kagasi Esther , Ogila Kenneth , Waihenya Rebeccah , Onditi Faith , Ozwara Hastings 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Senna occidentalis (L.) Link has been used worldwide in traditional treatment of many diseases and conditions including snakebite. In Kenya, a decoction from the plant roots taken orally, is used as a cure for malaria. Leaf extracts from the plant have been shown to possess antiplasmodial activity, in vitro. However, the curative potency of the plant root against established malaria infection is yet to be scientifically validated, in vivo. On the other hand, there are reports on variation in bioactivity of extracts obtained from this plant species, depending on the plant part used and place of origin among other factors. In this study, we demonstrated the antiplasmodial potency of Senna occidentalis roots extract in vitro, and in mice.Methods: Methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane and water extracts of S. occidentalis root were tested for in vitro antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, strain 3D7. Cytotoxicity of the most active solvent extracts was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the curative potency in Plasmodium berghei infected mice evaluated by Rane’s test. Results: All the solvent extracts showed suppressive activity against P. falciparum, in vitro, in a concentration dependent manner. The suppression was also dependent on polarity of solvents used with the methanolic extract (most polar) being 10-fold more active than hexane extract (least polar). The extracts showed no toxicity to Vero cells at the tested concentrations and significantly suppressed P. berghei parasitemia in Rane’s test. Similarly, the extracts prolonged the survival time the infected animals significantly. Conclusions: Senna occidentalis (L.) Link root extract suppresses malaria parasites growth in vitro and in BALB/c mice. The plant root, therefore, is a potential source of antimalarial principles. This study has scientifically validated the ethnomedical usage of S. occidentalis roots in management of malaria among some Kenyan communities.
Composite Hydroxyapatite Treatment for Recorded PAHs from Real Samples of Khamis-Mushait, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Said Tarek O. , Awwad Nasser S. , Amri Fatmah A. El 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The sorption investigation was applied using Hydroxyapatite (Hap650) for three recorded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs. These PAHs included: Naphthalene (NAP), Anthracene (ANT) and Chrysene (CHR) recorded in real street dust samples of Khamis-Mushait area. The sorption indicated that the uptake was 66.89, 69.49 and 19.67 mg/g, respectively after 120 min. For the adsorption of organic contaminants, this approach proved to be both affordable and effective. The impact of several parameters such as shaking time, sorbent weight, concentration and temperature was studied. In addition, multiple isotherm models were used to indicate an adsorption mechanism. The greatest R2 values indicate that the Langmuir adsorption model is more applicable.
Short-term outcomes of colorectal cancer surgery in older patients. A novel nomogram predicting postoperative morbi-mortality.
Authors: Moro-Valdezate David , Martín-Arévalo José , Ferro-Echevarría Óscar , Pla-Martí Vicente , García-Botello Stephanie , Pérez-Santiago Leticia , Gadea-Mateo Ricardo , Tarazona Noelia , Roda Desamparados , Roselló-Keränen Susana , Espí-Macías Alejandro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze short-term outcomes in curative-intent colorectal cancer surgery and determine risk factors for postoperative complications and mortality.
Methods
Retrospective study conducted at a single tertiary university institution. All adult patients undergoing colorectal surgery from January 2010 to December 2019 were included. Patients were stratified by age into two groups: <75 years and ≥ 75 years. Primary outcome was the influence of age on 30-day complications and mortality. Independent risk factors for postoperative adverse events or mortality were analyzed and two novel nomograms were constructed.
Results
Of the 1486 patients included, 580 were older (≥ 75 years). Older subjects presented more comorbidities and tumors were located mainly in right colon (45.7%). After matching, no between-group differences in surgical postoperative complications were observed. The 30-day mortality rate was 5.3% for the older and 0.8% for the non-older group (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, the independent risk factors for postoperative complications were peripheral vascular disease, chronic pulmonary disease, severe liver disease, postoperative transfusion and surgical approach. Independent risk factors for 30-day mortality were age ≥ 80 years, cerebrovascular disease, severe liver disease and postoperative transfusion. The model was internally and externally validated, showing high accuracy.
Conclusion
Patients aged ≥ 75 years had similar postoperative complications but higher 30-day mortality than their younger counterparts. Patients with peripheral vascular disease, chronic pulmonary disease or severe liver disease should be informed of higher postoperative complications. But patients aged ≥ 80 suffering cerebrovascular disease, severe liver disease or needing postoperative transfusion should be warned of significantly increased risk of postoperative mortality.
The effects of the duration, intensity and magnitude of far-fault earthquakes in seismic retrofitting an RC bridge
Authors: Mansouri Saman , Pouraminian Majid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper investigated the effects of the duration, intensity, and magnitude of earthquakes in seismic retrofitting of RC bridges using seismic bearings. First, the seismic retrofit of an RC bridge using seismic bearings under the Tabas earthquake was investigated. Seismic bearings included elastomeric bearing (EB), lead rubber bearing (LRB), and friction pendulum bearing (FPB). In order to investigate the effects of this equipment, the condition of the deck with a rigid connection on the cap beams and abutments was investigated in another model. The results of the studies showed that the use of seismic bearings leads to seismic retrofit of the studied bridge, and FPB and LRB had the best results among the studied equipment, respectively. The same models were studied subjected to the Landers earthquake. The magnitude is equal to Landers and Tabas earthquakes, but the duration and intensity of the Landers earthquake are much larger than Tabas earthquake. The Landers earthquake caused instability of isolated models due to its significant duration and intensity. This issue indicates that in the far region of faults, considering the duration and intensity of earthquakes is very important to seismic retrofit of bridges using seismic bearings. Also, magnitude as the only criterion for selecting earthquakes is not suitable for seismic design and retrofit of bridges.