bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between de novo and metachronous metastatic breast cancer: the presence of a primary tumour is not the only difference - a Dutch population based study from 2008-2018.
Authors: de Maar Josanne Sophia , Luyendijk Marianne , Suelmann Britt B. M. , Kruijssen Dave E.W. van der , Elias Sjoerd G. , Siesling Sabine , Wall Elsken van der 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare characteristics and survival of patients withde novoand metachronous metastatic breast cancer.MethodsData of patients with metastatic breast cancer were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients were categorized as havingde novometastatic breast cancer (n=8,656) if they had distant metastases at initial presentation, or metachronous metastatic disease (n= 2,374) in case they developed metastases within 5 or 10 years after initial breast cancer diagnosis. Clinicopathological characteristics and treatments of these two groups were compared, after which multiple imputation was performed to account for missing data. Overall survival was compared for patients treated with systemic therapy in the metastatic setting, using Kaplan Meier curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The hazard ratio for overall survival ofde novoversus metachronous metastases was assessed accounting for time-varying effects.ResultsCompared to metachronous patients, patients with denovometastatic breast cancer were more likely to be ≥70 years, to have invasive lobular carcinoma, clinical T3 or T4 tumours, loco-regional lymphnode metastases, HER2 positivity, bone only disease and to have received systemic therapy in the metastatic setting. They were less likely to have triple negative tumours and liver or brain metastases. Patients withde novometastases survived longer (median 34.7 months) than patients with metachronous metastases (median 24.3 months) and the hazard ratio (0.75) varied over time.ConclusionsDifferences in clinicopathological characteristics and survival betweende novoand metachronous metastatic breast cancer highlight that these are distinct patients groups.
Impacts of bisphenol A on growth and reproductive traits of submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans
Authors: Han Huiying , Wu Hang , Zhi Yongwei , Zhou Jingzhe , Li Wei , Yuan Longyi , Cao Yu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is considered a contaminant of emerging concern and interferes with the normal activities of living organisms. The toxicity of BPA is evident in animals, while there have been relatively few studies focused on the effects of this chemical on plants especially how submerged macrophytes respond to low BPA concentrations is still unclear. In the present study, effects of low BPA loading (targeting at 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/L) on the growth and reproductive traits of the dioecious annual submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans were assessed through a five-month experiments. The results showed that BPA inhibited the elongation of V. natans leaves but resulted in an increase in leaf number and ramet number under the highest BPA loading treatment (targeting at 1 mg/L). At the highest BPA loading treatment, female individuals of V. natans allocated less mass for ramet than male ones, showing a clear sexual dimorphism. No significant differences in reproductive traits and total biomass of the V. natans were found between different BPA loading treatments and the control, indicating that BPA did not induce direct toxic effects on the growth and reproductive traits of V. natans. In summary, V. natans tolerated low BPA concentrations by trade-offs between ramet (leaf) number and leaf elongation and maintained a stable reproduction output probably based on sexual dimorphism.
Preliminary study on brain resting-state networks and cognitive impairments of patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome
Authors: He Yaqing , Shen Junkang , Wang Xiang , Wu Qiaozhen , Liu Jiacheng , Ji Yiding 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose To investigate functional changes in brain resting-state networks (RSNs) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and their correlations with sleep breathing disorders and neurocognitive performance.Methods In this study, 18 OSAHS patients and 18 matched healthy controls underwent neurocognitive assessment and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Group-level independent component analysis (ICA) and statistical analyses were used to explore between-group differences in RSNs and the relationship between functional changes in RSNs, sleep breathing disorders and neurocognitive performance.Results The OSAHS patients performed worse on neuropsychological tests than the healthy controls. Eight RSNs were identified, and between-group analyses showed that OSAHS patients displayed significantly decreased functional connectivity in the bilateral posterior cingulate gyri (PCC) within the default mode network (DMN), the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) within the dorsal attention network (DAN), and the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) within the ventral attention network (VAN), and increased functional connectivity in the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) within the salience network (SN). Further correlation analyses revealed that the average ICA z-scores in the bilateral PCC and right MFG were correlated with sleep breathing disorders or neurocognitive performance.Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that the DMN, SN, DAN, and VAN are impaired during the resting state and are associated with decreased functionally distinct aspects of cognition in patients with OSAHS. Moreover, the intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation caused by OSAHS are likely to be the main influencing factors.
In vitro propagation and long-term observation of acclimated plants in endangered tree fern Alsophila costularis
Authors: Pu Yanfei , Song Qixuan , Wang Guoxian , Wu Lifang , Yang Chunmei , Yu Rongpei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Alsophila costularis Barker (Cyathea costularis), an endangered tree fern with tree-like erect stem, attracts gardening enthusiasts as a special ornamental plant. In vitro propagation can be advantageous for germplasm conservation and commercial application of A. costularis. Here, we described in vitro propagation of A. costularis via spore culture and green globular bodies (GGBs) system, as well as the long-term observation of acclimated plants regenerated from GGBs. In spore culture, the low concentration of mineral salt (1/8 MS) was beneficial for sporophyte formation on gametophytes, but sporophytes per conical flask was only 8 plantlets. In GGB system, cytokinin thidiazuron (TDZ) was essential for GGB induction and multiplication. The maximum of GGB induction frequency (93.33%) was obtained on 1/2MS medium with 2.0 mg/l TDZ by using juvenile sporophytes as explants, and the same medium was optimal for GGB multiplication. 1/4 MS supplemented with 0.1% (w/v) activated carbon (AC) was appropriate for plantlet regeneration from GGB, GGB differentiation frequency was 100%, and 42.40 plantlets could be regenerated from one piece of GGBs. The maximum of plantlet height (4.64 cm) was obtained on 1/2 MS with 0.1% (w/v) AC. After 6 years of acclimatization cultivation for plantlets regenerated from GGBs, plants in the plastic pots with diameter of 60 cm showed the excellent vegetative and reproductive growth, and the mature spores of these plants could produce sporophytes. Morphological and histological observation demonstrated that A. costularis GGBs was a green structure consisting of multiple single GGBs with hair-like structures. One single GGB could develop into one plantlet.
The effect of aloe vera syrup on the components of metabolic syndrome in patients with bipolar disorder type 1
Authors: Mirjalili Fatemeh , Feizi Awat , Bidaki Reza , Kafeshani Marzieh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of aloe vera syrup on the indicators of metabolic syndrome, anthropometric indices and lipid profile in patients with bipolar disorder type 1.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was performed on 68 bipolar patients with metabolic syndrome. Patients received aloe vera or placebo syrups for 12 weeks. Assessment of blood pressure, biochemical and anthropometric indices, and physical activity were performed before and after the intervention. Dietary intakes were assessed three times.ResultsThere was no significant difference between groups in most of the baseline characteristics (P > 0.05). Results showed that aloe vera syrup only decreased aspartate aminotransferase significantly (P = 0.02) and had no significant effect on the indicators of metabolic syndrome (P > 0.05), but placebo syrup increased weight and body mass index and decrease diastolic blood pressure significantly (P = 0.006, P = 0.004, P = 0.04 respectively). Aloe vera syrup did not show significant effects on indices compared with placebo (P > 0.05).ConclusionThis clinical trial showed that aloe vera syrup had no significant effect on indicators of metabolic syndrome, anthropometric indices, and lipid profile.Clinical trial registration in Iranian Registry of Clinical TrialsIRCT registration number: IRCT20200429047235N1 (First registration date: 2020-06-06).
A Soft Sensing Method of Billet Surface Temperature Based on ILGSSA-LSSVM
Authors: LIU Jun , Yang Luying , FANG Jiangxiong , Hou Qingming , Yang Feng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
It is difficult to measure the surface temperature of continuous casting billet, which results in the lack of important feedback parameters for further scientific control of billet quality. This paper proposes a sparrow search algorithm(SSA) to optimize the least square support vector machine(LSSVM) model for surface temperature prediction of billet, which is improved by Logistic chaotic mapping and Golden sine algorithm (Improve Logistic Golden Sine Sparrow Search Algorithm LSSVM, ILGSSA-LSSVM). Based on LSSVM, the optimal solution of sparrow population is improved by improved Logistic chaos mapping and Golden sine algorithm as the value of penalty factor \(\gamma\)and kernel parameter\(\sigma\). Global optimization method is adopted to find the optimal parameter combination, which reduces the influence of blindly determining parameters on the prediction accuracy. The results show that the maximum error of ILGSA-LSSVM soft Sensing model is 3.85733℃, the minimum error is 0.0174℃, and the average error is 0.05805℃. The performance of ILGSA-LSSVM soft Sensing model is better than that of traditional least square support vector machine, BP neural network and gray Wolf optimized least square support vector machine.
Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid degradation with simultaneous nitrate removal by Marinobacter sp. SJ18
Authors: Zan Shuaijun , Wang Jing , Fan Jingfeng , Jin Yuan , Li Zelong , Du Miaomiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Naphthenic acid (NA), a new kind of toxic pollutants, is labeled as the potential threat to human health. However, the transformations of NAs in marine environments are still unclear. In this study, the characteristics and pathways of cyclohexylcarboxylic acid (CHCA) biodegradation were explored in the presence of nitrate. Results showed that CHCA was completely degraded with pseudo-first-order kinetic reaction under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, accompanied by nitrate removal rates exceeding 70%, which was positively correlated with CHCA degradation(P<0.05). Degradation pathways of CHCA were proposed the cyclohexane was dehydrogenated to form cyclohexene, then ring-opened to generated fatty acid by dioxygenase under aerobic conditions, yet the cyclohexene was cleaved through β-oxidations under anaerobic condition. Whole genome analysis indicated that nitrate was removed via assimilation and dissimilation pathways and denitrification pathways under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. This study provides a basis for the combined pollution of NA and nitrate in marine environments.
Root morphological differences in tree and grass species from a Southern African savanna
Authors: Gajjar Niki Nitin , Nesmith Julienne E , Holdo Ricardo M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose Soil moisture availability is a key driver of the relative abundance of trees and grasses in savannas. Fine root morphology influences water acquisition and transport, yet differences in fine root traits between trees and grasses have not been comprehensively quantified across an entire suite of coexisting tree and grass species. Methods We grew individuals of 21 tree and 18 grass species from a Lowveld savanna ecosystem in South Africa under greenhouse conditions and characterized six root traits: root diameter, branching intensity, specific root length, root length to leaf area ratio, distal to total root length ratio, and root length to plant mass ratio. We conducted a PCA to evaluate whether some morphological root traits can act as predictive traits for other, more difficult to measure traits. Results We found strong differences between trees and grasses across all six root morphological traits, particularly root diameter and branching intensity. Trees had thicker roots than grasses, while grasses had higher specific root length, greater branching intensity, a greater relative investment in distal roots, and a higher ratio of root length to plant mass than trees. Despite strong species-level effects on trait values, we found little evidence of phylogenetic signals in trait values for either trees or grasses. Conclusion We found strong evidence of significant morphological differences among savanna trees and grasses. Our results are consistent with the observation that grasses can outperform trees when competing directly for belowground resources.
Merkel cell carcinoma: A Forty-year experience at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
Authors: Wang Annie J , McCann Brendan , Soon William , Ieso Paolo B , Bressel Mathias , Hui Andrew , Chua Margaret , Kok David 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but highly aggressive neuroendocrine skin malignancy, with Australia having the highest reported incidence in the world. There is currently a lack of consensus regarding optimal management approach.MethodsThis was a retrospective audit conducted by reviewing existing medical records of MCC patients presenting to the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (PMCC) between 1980 and 2018. The primary endpoint was locoregional control. The secondary endpoints were distant recurrence, disease-free survival and overall survival.Results: A total of 533 patients were identified. The estimated 5-year OS and DFS were 46% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 41 - 51%) and 34% (95% CI 30 - 39%) respectively. Older age at diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] per year 1.07 95% CI 1.06 - 1.09; p<0.001), and larger primary tumour diameter (HR 1.22 95% CI 1.09 – 1.37; p = 0.001) were associated with worse OS on multivariable analysis. Positive or negative histopathological margin status was not associated with OS or DFS in patients treated with post-operative radiotherapy. Conclusions In our study, about a third of patients developed locoregional recurrence and/or distal recurrence, and there appears to be no change over the last four decades. If treated with adjuvant radiotherapy, there is no difference in OS or DFS with positive surgical margins. Findings should influence future guidelines.
A new surgical technique for short bowel syndrome
Authors: Saeki Isamu , Kurihara Sho , Kojima Masato , Ohge Hiroki , Takahashi Shinya , Hiyama Eiso 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a severe intestinal disease that causes malabsorption, infection and liver failure. For the surgical management of intestinal rehabilitation, the intestinal loop lengthening method and serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP) method have been reported, although their effects have proven limited. We herein report a new surgical technique, Saeki – Spiral – Shark (3S) method for SBS using biomimetics of shark intestine.
Methods
In the 3S method, a spiral valve is formed inside the intestine by external sutures. Using a 25 cm length intestinal organ model, we performed both the 3S method and STEP procedure. We then compared the length and fluid passage times of the subsequently formed intestine.
Results
After the 3S method was performed, the length of the intestinal model changed to 22 cm, and after the STEP procedure, that was elongated to 30 cm. Although the water passage times did not change markedly, the semi-digestive nutritional supplement passage time slowed down in the model with the 3S method. There was slight leakage in the STEP procedure model.
Conclusions
The 3S method is a unique method of treating SBS based on biomimetics. This procedure does not require an incision of the intestine, which thereby enabling clean and less-invasive surgery. We plan to conduct animal experiments in the future.
Overexpression of chaperones GroEL/ES from Escherichia coli enhances the indigo biotransformation production of cytochrome P450 BM3 mutant
Authors: Peng Shuaiying , Chu Zhongmei , Lu Jianfeng , Li Dongxiao , Wang Yonghong , Yamg Shengli , Zhang Yi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The self-sufficient cytochrome P450 BM3 mutant (A74G/F87V/D168H/L188Q) could be used as the biocatalyst in the whole-cell catalysis process of indigo. Nevertheless, the bioconversion yield of indigo is low under normal cultivation conditions (37˚C, 250 rpm). In this paper, a recombinant E. coli BL21(DE3) strain was constructed to co-express both P450 BM3 mutant gene and GroEL/ES genes to investigate whether GroEL/ES could promote the indigo bioconversion production in E. coli. Results revealed that GroEL/ES system increased indigo bioconversion yield significantly, and the indigo bioconversion production of strain co-expressing P450 BM3 mutant and GroEL/ES was 21 times that of strain expressing P450 BM3 mutant alone. P450 BM3 enzyme content and in vitro indigo formation yield were determined to investigate the underlying reasons for the improved indigo bioconversion production. And it revealed that GroEL/ES did not increase indigo bioconversion production through improving P450 BM3 enzyme content and its enzymatic transformation efficiency. We also demonstrated that GroEL/ES could improve the intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)/NADP+ ratio. Given NADPH was an important coenzyme in the indigo catalytic process, the underlying mechanism of the increased indigo bioconversion yield was probably related to the improved intracellular NADPH/NADP+ ratio.
Estimations and Control of Julia Sets of the SIS Model Perturbed by Noise
Authors: Zhang Yongping , Xie Liheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The estimations and control of Julia sets of the SIS model under noise perturbation are studied. At first, a discrete SIS model is introduced, and the effects of additive and multiplicative noises on the fractal characteristics of the SIS model are discussed. Then, estimating the Julia sets of the SIS model under additive and multiplicative noise perturbations are given, respectively. At last, the feedback control method is used to set appropriate controllers to realize control of the Julia set, and the influence of noise on the Julia set of the SIS model is reduced. The reason why this method is effective is also explained.
Cytopenias in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients: Risk Factors and Clinical Consequences
Authors: Regev-Sadeh Shira , Borovitz Yael , Steinberg-Shemer Orna , Gilad Oded , Shoham Shoval , Yacobovich Joanne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics of cytopenias in pediatric kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), identify predictors and assess management and consequences. Methods: A retrospective, single-center, case-control study of pediatric KTRs between the years 2000-2019. Possible risk factor for cytopenias were compared in multivariate Cox regression, with the aim of finding predictors for post-transplant thrombocytopenia (PTT) and post-transplant neutropenia (PTN). PTNs were analyzed for the total study period, and for the period beyond 6-months post-transplant (late PTNs), to rule-out the confounding influence of induction and initial intensive therapy.Results: 89 children were included in the study. Prevalence of PTT was 22%, all cases were mild or moderate. Post-transplant infections and graft rejection were found to be significant risk factors for PTT (HR 6.06, 95% CI 1.6-22.9, and HR 5.82, 95% CI 1.27-26.6, respectively). Overall PTN prevalence was 60%; 30% were severe (ANC ≤ 500(. Pre-transplant dialysis and post-transplant infections were significant predictors for late PTN (HR 11.2, 95% CI 1.45-86.4, and HR 3.32, 95% CI 1.46-7.57, respectively). Graft rejection occurred in 10% of KTRs with cytopenia, all following neutropenia, within 3 months from cytopenia appearance. In all such cases, mycophenolate mofetil dosing had been held or reduced prior to the rejection. One case resulted in graft-loss. Conclusions: Post-transplant infections are substantial contributors for developing PTTs and PTNs. Pre-emptive transplantation appears to reduce risk for late PTN, the accompanying reduction in immunosuppressive therapy and the ensuing risk for graft rejection. An alternative response to PTN, possible with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), may diminish graft loss.
The impact of seasonal variations in vitamin D in active ambulatory men with cerebral palsy: A longitudinal cross-sectional comparison study
Authors: Langley Christina Kate , Onambele-Pearson Gladys , Sims David , Hussain Ayser , Mohindra Reece , Kershaw Bethany , Morse Christopher 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To identify the magnitude and impact of seasonal variations in vitamin D in physically active, ambulatory men with cerebral palsy on neuromuscular performance outcomes and bone indices.
Materials & Methods
A longitudinal observational study, in sixteen ambulant men with cerebral palsy aged 21.0 ± 1.3 years and 16 healthy, physical activity matched, typically developed controls aged 25.4 ± 2.6 years, completed assessments of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone during winter and summer. Neuromuscular outcomes included Vastus Lateralis size, knee extensor strength, 10 m sprint, vertical jumps, and grip strength. Bone ultrasounds were performed to obtain radius and tibia T and Z scores.
Results
Men with cerebral palsy and typically developed controls showed a 70.5% and 85.7% increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D from winter to summer months (p < 0.05), respectively. Neither group showed seasonal effects on neuromuscular outcomes muscle strength, size, vertical jump or tibia and radius T and Z scores. A seasonal interaction effect was seen in the tibia T and Z scores (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
There was similar seasonal increases in 25-hydroxyvitamin D observed in men with cerebral palsy and typically developed controls, but serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were still considered insufficient to improve bone or neuromuscular outcomes.
Provisioning Load Balancing in Time-Sensitive Task Allocation for Mobile Crowdsensing
Authors: Meitei Moirangthem Goldie , Marchang Ningrinla 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Task allocation is the mechanism which enables the allotment of sensing tasks to participating users in a Mobile Crowdsensing (MCS) environment. While conventional task allocation techniques focus on maximizing profit for either the platform or the user, our proposed task allocation scheme, called Load Balanced Task Allocation (LBTA) is geared towards user-oriented task allocation in order to mainly address altruistic MCS campaigns in which participants voluntarily contribute towards a common goal such as in citizen science-based projects. This paper deals with the problem of task allocation using a load balanced approach while trying to maximize the allocation of tasks at the same time. The proposed LBTA algorithm has been compared with a known algorithm and their relative performances have been analysed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits favourable performance for different crowdsensing scenarios.