bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blessed Damozel(s): Ekphrastic Perspectives on Rossetti’s Poem and Painting
Authors: Kennaway George 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Ekphrasis – the representation of a work of art in terms of another art form – was originally the highest rhetorical exercise, requiring the verbal recreation of a picture or sculpture. The definition has broadened to include all kinds of ‘inter-art’ representation. Works of art depicting music (generically, or specific works) are familiar in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, as are musical representations (as opposed to word-setting) of literary texts. But poems are less frequently rendered into painting, and the musical representation of graphic art is more a twentieth-century phenomenon. Siglind Bruhn’s Musical Ekphrasis (2000) mapped out the subject area, with particular attention to Debussy, but there have been few attempts to explore the topic in a musical context since then. This article seeks to explore a particular three-fold intersection of music, art, and poem. Dante Rosetti’s The Blessed Damozel exists both as a poem (first published 1851, revised until 1873) and a painting (1875–1878). The poem was set by Claude Debussy (1887–1888, re-orchestrated 1902), and by many British composers (one of which slightly pre-dates Debussy), and some from other Anglophone countries. These settings show a wide range of responses to Rossetti’s most popular and most frequently anthologized poem. Some try to situate it within the English oratorio tradition as opposed to Debussy’s perceived Wagnérisme, but others are much more diverse, ranging from accompanied recitation through vocal settings accompanied by a chamber ensemble, to choral works, either a cappella or with piano. Some composers only set an extract from the poem, and, including Debussy’s setting, only five use an orchestra. This article analyses aspects of these highly diverse settings and their reception with a view to testing the viability of ekphrasis as a methodological tool.
Modelling stellar convective transport with plumes – I. Non-equilibrium turbulence effect in double-averaging formulation
Authors: Yokoi N , Masada Y , Takiwaki T 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Plumes in a convective flow are considered to be relevant to the turbulent transport in convection. The effective mass, momentum, and heat transports in the convective turbulence are investigated in the framework of time–space double averaging procedure, where a field quantity is decomposed into three parts: the spatiotemporal mean (spatial average of the time-averaged) field, the dispersion or coherent fluctuation, and the random or incoherent fluctuation. With this framework, turbulent correlations in the mean-field equations are divided into the dispersion/coherent and random/incoherent correlation part. By reckoning the plume as the coherent fluctuation, a transport model for the convective turbulence is constructed with the aid of the non-equilibrium effect, in which the change of turbulence characteristics along the mean stream is taken into account for the modelling of the turbulent transport coefficients. In this work, for the first time, change of turbulence properties along plume motions is incorporated into the expression of the turbulent transport coefficients. This non-equilibrium model is applied to a stellar convective flow. One of the prominent characteristics of a surface cooling-driven convection, the enhanced and localized turbulent mass flux below the surface layer, which cannot be reproduced at all by the usual eddy-diffusivity model with mixing length theory (MLT), is well reproduced by the present model. Our results show that the incorporation of plume motion into turbulent transport model is an important and very relevant extension of mean-field theory beyond the heuristic gradient transport model with MLT.
Secular chaos in white dwarf planetary systems: origins of metal pollution and short-period planetary companions
Authors: O’Connor Christopher E , Teyssandier Jean , Lai Dong 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Secular oscillations in multiplanet systems can drive chaotic evolution of a small inner body through non-linear resonant perturbations. This ‘secular chaos’ readily pushes the inner body to an extreme eccentricity, triggering tidal interactions or collision with the central star. We present a numerical study of secular chaos in systems with two planets and test particles using the ring-averaging method, with emphasis on the relationship between the planets’ properties and the time-scale and efficiency of chaotic diffusion. We find that secular chaos can excite extreme eccentricities on time-scales spanning several orders of magnitude in a given system. We apply our results to the evolution of planetary systems around white dwarfs (WDs), specifically the tidal disruption and high-eccentricity migration of planetesimals and planets. We find that secular chaos in a planetesimal belt driven by large (≳10 M⊕), distant ($\gtrsim 10 \, \mathrm{au}$) planets can sustain metal accretion on to a WD over Gyr time-scales. We constrain the total mass of planetesimals initially present within the chaotic zone by requiring that the predicted mass delivery rate to the Roche limit be consistent with the observed metal accretion rates of WDs with atmospheric pollution throughout the cooling sequence. Based on the occurrence of long-period exoplanets and exo-asteroid belts, we conclude that secular chaos can be a significant (perhaps dominant) channel for polluting solitary WDs. Secular chaos can also produce short-period planets and planetesimals around WDs in concert with various circularization mechanisms. We discuss prospects for detecting exoplanets driving secular chaos around WDs using direct imaging and microlensing.
Genetic and Structural Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein for Universal Epitope Selection
Authors: Markosian Christopher , Staquicini Daniela I. , Dogra Prashant , Dodero-Rojas Esteban , Lubin Joseph H. , Tang Fenny H.F. , Smith Tracey L. , Contessoto Vinícius G. , Libutti Steven K. , Wang Zhihui , Cristini Vittorio , Khare Sagar D. , Whitford Paul C. , Burley Stephen K. , Onuchic José N. , Pasqualini Renata , Arap Wadih 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Evaluation of immunogenic epitopes for universal vaccine development in the face of ongoing SARS-CoV-2 evolution remains a challenge. Herein, we investigate the genetic and structural conservation of an immunogenically relevant epitope (C662–C671) of spike (S) protein across SARS-CoV-2 variants to determine its potential utility as a broad-spectrum vaccine candidate against coronavirus diseases. Comparative sequence analysis, structural assessment, and molecular dynamics simulations of C662–C671 epitope were performed. Mathematical tools were employed to determine its mutational cost. We found that the amino acid sequence of C662–C671 epitope is entirely conserved across the observed major variants of SARS-CoV-2 in addition to SARS-CoV. Its conformation and accessibility are predicted to be conserved, even in the highly mutated Omicron variant. Costly mutational rate in the context of energy expenditure in genome replication and translation can explain this strict conservation. These observations may herald an approach to developing vaccine candidates for universal protection against emergent variants of coronavirus.
Plant telomere biology: The green solution to the end-replication problem
Authors: Shakirov Eugene V , Chen Julian J -L , Shippen Dorothy E 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTelomere maintenance is a fundamental cellular process conserved across all eukaryotic lineages. Although plants and animals diverged over 1.5 billion years ago, lessons learned from plants continue to push the boundaries of science, revealing detailed molecular mechanisms in telomere biology with broad implications for human health, aging biology, and stress responses. Recent studies of plant telomeres have unveiled unexpected divergence in telomere sequence and architecture, and the proteins that engage telomeric DNA and telomerase. The discovery of telomerase RNA components in the plant kingdom and some algae groups revealed new insight into the divergent evolution and the universal core of telomerase across major eukaryotic kingdoms. In addition, resources cataloging the abundant natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana, maize (Zea mays), and other plants are providing unparalleled opportunities to understand the genetic networks that govern telomere length polymorphism and, as a result, are uncovering unanticipated crosstalk between telomeres, environmental factors, organismal fitness, and plant physiology. Here we recap current advances in plant telomere biology and put this field in perspective relative to telomere and telomerase research in other eukaryotic lineages.
Recalibrating the Police to Focus on Victims Using Police Records
Authors: Lay William , Ariel Barak , Harinam Vincent 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhile criminology and policing studies focus primarily on offenders and their behaviours, there has been an increasing focus on victims and victimology. In this paper, we argue that practitioners and scholars alike can benefit from shifting their focus on police records towards victims. Observing data on victims can lead to greater police efficiencies, particularly in the area of prevention. We review some of the arguments for such a change, then explore evidence on 380,169 victims in Kent, UK, during a 6-year period, to illustrate how to achieve new and feasible targets by focusing on a victim rather than an offender as the unit of analysis. Finally, we explore policy implications, in terms of harm reduction, prevention of repeat victimization, and triaging opportunities.
Reclassification of previously diagnosed GPA patients using the 2022 ACR/EULAR classification criteria
Authors: Pyo Jung Yoon , Ahn Sung Soo , Song Jason Jungsik , Park Yong-Beom , Lee Sang-Won 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study applied the 2022 criteria for granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) proposed by the ACR and EULAR (the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria) to Korean patients with previously diagnosed GPA to investigate the number of patients who could be reclassified as having GPA.MethodsSixty-five patients with GPA, who met the 2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides and the 2007 European Medicines Agency algorithm for GPA, were included in this study. They were reclassified based on the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria.ResultsOf the 65 patients, 48 patients (73.8%) were reclassified as having GPA. A patient could not be reclassified as having GPA if the patient did not have a total score of 5 despite granulomas on biopsy or clear GPA surrogate markers. Among the 17 patients unclassified as having GPA, 16 patients were reclassified as having MPA and one as having unclassifiable vasculitis, and furthermore, 94.1% of them harboured MPO-ANCA (or perinuclear (P)-ANCA).ConclusionThe concordance rate between the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria for GPA and the previous criteria in patients with previously diagnosed GPA was 73.8%. Although the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria are the product of the most advanced methodologic process, it should be noted that there were some consequences of distorting the CHCC definition, and further discussion is required, especially with respect to the weightage of the items.
Japan’s Foreign Aid Policy: Has It Changed? Thirty Years of ODA Charters
Authors: HOSHIRO Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nearly 30 years have passed since the government of Japan unveiled its first Official Development Assistance Charter. Although it sets forth fundamental guidelines for the government’s foreign aid policy, previous studies have downplayed the influence of the ODA Charter. By contrast, this study argues that the ODA Charter changed Japan’s aid allocation behavior in relation to a number of issues. First, regarding military matters: since the introduction of the 1992 ODA Charter, testing of weapons of mass destruction by developing nations, as well as military expenditures for conventional weaponry by developing nations outside of Asia, have had a negative effect on aid from Japan. Non-military cooperation with military personnel was newly introduced as a principle in the 2015 Development Cooperation Charter, and that type of cooperation increased from 2015 on, a clear indication of the influence of the Charter. Foreign aid designed to serve Japan’s own interests was first discussed in the 2003 Charter, and the proportion of that type of aid has since increased. The aims of avoiding military force and returning economic benefits to Japan, which have long had strong domestic support in postwar Japan, were seamlessly incorporated into the ODA Charter. By contrast, the aims of promoting democratization and protecting the vulnerable—international norms for foreign aid, imported from abroad—are duly set forth in the ODA Charter, which ostensibly guides Japan’s foreign aid policy, but they have had no impact on its actual aid allocation behavior.
Russian life-time private foundations: breakthrough in local succession planning alternatives
Authors: Alimirzoev Sergei , Aleshchev Ilya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Russia’s first attempt in 2018 to introduce a structure suitable for holding private assets and transferring business assets across generations, the post-mortem private foundation, was not very successful, as not a single foundation of this type was established due to its complicated creation procedure and drafting flaws in the legislation. Now, with effect of March 2022, a new form of private foundation has been introduced, which can be created during the settlor's lifetime. The authors analyze the key features of this new structure, its benefits and challenges for settlors and beneficiaries that the Russian legal system will soon have to face, when this new type of private foundation will start being implemented.
Single cell profiling of functionally cured Chronic Hepatitis B patients reveals the emergence of activated innate and an altered adaptive immune response in the intra-hepatic environment
Authors: Narmada Balakrishnan Chakrapani , Khakpoor Atefeh , Shirgaonkar Niranjan , Narayanan Sriram , Kim Aw Pauline Poh , Singh Malay , Ong Kok Haur , Owino Collins Oduor , Ng Jane Wei Ting , Yew Hui Chuing , Binte Mohamed Nasir Nu Soibah , Au Veonice Bijin , Sng Reina , Kaliaperumal Nivashini , Khine Htet Htet Toe Wai , Ng Hui Xin , Chia Su Li , Seah Cindy Xin Yi , Alnawaz Myra HJ , Wai Chris Lee Yoon , Tay Amy Yuh Ling , Yu Weimiao , Connolly John Edward , Periyasamy Giridharan , Lim Seng Gee , Dasgupta Ramanuj 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss or functional cure (FC), is considered the desirable therapeutic outcome for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. However, the immuno-pathological biomarkers and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we present a comprehensive single cell-transcriptomic atlas together with immune-phenotyping of disease-associated cell states (DACS) isolated from intra-hepatic tissue and matched PBMCs of either CHB or FC patients. We find that the intra-hepatic environment displays specific cell identities and molecular signatures that are distinct from PBMCs. FC is associated with emergence of an altered adaptive immune response marked by CD4 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD4-CTLs), and an activated innate response represented by liver-resident natural killer (LR-NK) cells. Overall, these findings provide novel insights into immuno-pathological cell states associated with FC that could serve as prognostic biomarkers.
ZW sex-chromosome evolution and contagious parthenogenesis in Artemia brine shrimp
Authors: Elkrewi Marwan , Khauratovich Uladzislava , Toups Melissa A. , Bett Vincent Kiplangat , Mrnjavac Andrea , Macon Ariana , Fraisse Christelle , Sax Luca , Huylmans Ann Kathrin , Hontoria Francisco , Vicoso Beatriz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEurasian brine shrimp (genusArtemia) have closely related sexual and asexual lineages of parthenogenetic females, which produce rare males at low frequencies. Although they are known to have ZW chromosomes, these are not well characterized, and it is unclear whether they are shared across the clade. Furthermore, the underlying genetic architecture of the transmission of asexuality, which can occur when rare males mate with closely related sexual females, is not well understood. We produced a chromosome-level assembly for the Eurasian speciesA. sinicaand characterized in detail the pair of sex chromosomes of this species. We combined this with short-read genomic data for the sexual speciesA. sp. Kazakhstanand several lineages ofA. parthenogenetica,allowing us to perform a first in-depth characterization of sex-chromosome evolution across the genus. We identified a small differentiated region of the ZW pair that is shared by all sexual and asexual lineages, supporting the shared ancestry of the sex chromosomes. We also inferred that recombination suppression has spread to larger sections of the chromosome independently in the American and Eurasian lineages. Finally, we took advantage of a rare male, which we backcrossed to sexual females, to explore the genetic basis of asexuality. Our results suggest that parthenogenesis may be partly controlled by a locus on the Z chromosome, highlighting the interplay between sex determination and asexuality.
The structure of sustainability marketing research: a bibliometric review and directions for future research
Authors: Bhattacharyya Jishnu 
Published: April 2022

PurposeSustainability principles have been practiced and researched in marketing for nearly five decades, but the challenges we face today are still significant. This context defines the purpose of this paper, which is to find, synthesize and critically evaluate the existing literature on marketing in a sustainability context from 1969 to 2019. The ultimate aim is to provide a unified body of literature on sustainability marketing and classify the extant literature.Design/methodology/approachThe relevant articles from selected journals were identified and manually verified using the Scopus database. The SPAR- 4- SLR protocol provides the framework for the methodology. In total, 749 articles were eligible for inclusion in the study.FindingsThe research findings are presented in the form of article categorization into 11 thematic categories. The thematic categories outlined previous studies' trend and contribution characteristics under the individual category, illustrating their implications.Practical implicationsThe literature review aids in understanding the current state of research and piques researchers' interest in sustainability marketing. The findings of the study will be a valuable resource for future scholars, managers and policymakers.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing literature by providing valuable insights from previous research on the research trend in sustainability marketing and by providing a recommendation for future research avenues. After a long hiatus, this is the most up-to-date comprehensive article, providing a general overview of research trends.
Markov chain pavement deterioration prediction models for local street networks
Authors: Salman Baris , Gursoy Burak 
Published: April 2022

PurposePavement deterioration prediction models play a crucial role in determining maintenance strategies and future funding needs. While deterioration prediction models have been studied extensively in the past, applications of these models to local street networks have been limited. This study aims to address this gap by sharing the results of network level deterioration prediction models developed at a local level.Design/methodology/approachNetwork level pavement deterioration prediction models are developed using Markov chains for the local street network in Syracuse, New York, based on pavement condition rating data collected over a 15-year time period. Transition probability matrices are generated by calculating the percentage of street sections that transition from one state to another within one duty cycle. Bootstrap sampling with replacement is used to numerically generate 95% confidence intervals around the transition probability values.FindingsThe overall local street network is divided into three cohorts based on street type (i.e. avenues, streets and roads) and two cohorts based on pavement type. All cohorts demonstrated very similar deterioration trends, indicating the existence of a fast-paced deterioration mechanism for the local street network of Syracuse.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the body of knowledge in deterioration modeling of local street networks, especially in the absence of key predictor variables. Furthermore, this study introduces the use of bootstrap sampling with replacement method in generating confidence intervals for transition probability values.
Restarting MSMEs and start-ups post COVID-19: a grounded theory approach to identify success factors to tackle changed business landscape
Authors: Varma Deepkumar , Dutta Pankaj 
Published: April 2022

PurposeSmall businesses and start-ups have started to reopen post coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdowns but are facing numerous challenges mainly due to changed customer preferences and the need to fine-tune the business models. This research aims to identify the important aspects that start-ups need to focus on, as they weather the COVID-19 pandemic storm.Design/methodology/approachResearch uses constructivist grounded theory methodology to analyse data collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs and senior employees at start-ups. A conceptual model based on nine categories impacting a start-up’s performance is investigated. Interview memos are thematically analysed to identify repeated ideas, concepts or elements that become apparent.FindingsStudy reveals that employees’ and customers’ safety, prudent cost management and online presence/doorstep services are key for start-ups to succeed today's changed business landscape due to COVID-19.Practical implicationsFindings act as a practical guide for start-ups in setting mechanisms, optimizing operations and fine-tuning strategy to address COVID-19 challenges. Start-ups are advised to evaluate the implications of the three findings on their respective businesses to successfully tackle the challenges posed by COVID-19.Originality/valueThis research, being cognizant of a start-up’s unique characteristics and nuances, takes a fresh approach to identify key aspects that start-ups need to focus on and fine-tune in the wake of COVID-19. The paper enriches scientific research of understanding impact of COVID-19 on organizations by specifically surfacing how start-ups can learn and adapt by knowing how other start-ups are surviving today.