bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Useful is Nuchal Translucency in Detecting Chromosomal Abnormalities Missed by Genome‐Wide NIPT and What Measurement Threshold Should Be Used?
Authors: Han May Phoo , Ferreira Ana Elizabeth Gomes de Melo Tavares , Elhindi James , McLennan Andrew C. , Scott Fergus 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionGenome‐wide non‐invasive prenatal testing (gwNIPT) has screening limitations for detectable genetic conditions and cannot detect microdeletions/microduplications (MD) or triploidy. Nuchal translucency (NT) increases with gestation and with genetic or structural abnormalities. This study aims to determine the utility of NT measurement in detecting genetic abnormalities not identified by gwNIPT and the optimal NT threshold value.MethodsA 4‐year retrospective study of singleton pregnancies undergoing first‐line gwNIPT aneuploidy screening where invasive prenatal testing by CVS/or amniocentesis was subsequently undertaken. Population proportions for static and multiple of the median (MoM) NT cut‐offs were derived from all 11–14 weeks ultrasound examinations.ResultsAmong 919 pregnancies with gwNIPT and invasive testing, 338 had a single genetic abnormality. There were 9 false negative GwNIPT results and a further 26 undetectable abnormalities (18 MD, 8 triploidy) in this cohort. Twelve had a dual chromosomal abnormality, four of which returned a low‐risk gwNIPT. Thirty‐three “missed cases” also had a 13‐week scan, to which the various NT threshold values (3.0 mm, 1.6 MoM, 3.5 mm, and 1.9 MoM) were applied. In only 3 (9%) cases did the NT exceed 3.0 mm with similar detection rates (DR) for all higher cut‐offs. Static and MoM‐based NT cut‐offs had similar positive predictive values (PPV).ConclusionEnlarged NT measurement is a poor predictor of genetic abnormalities not identified by gwNIPT. When applied, the fixed NT cut‐off of 3.5 mm provides a low FPR with a similar DR to lower cut‐off thresholds, resulting in a higher PPV.
A Breakthrough Straightforward Multifunctional Hydrogel Platform Releasing Therapeutic Gas for Advanced Wound Healing
Authors: Tran Dieu Linh , Tran Quyen Thi Thuc , Nguyen Huyen Thanh Anh , Thi Ngoc Anh Phung , Phan Hai Nam , Nguyen Luan Minh , Dinh Tien‐Dung Nguyen , Le Ngoc Thuy Trang , Nguyen Ngoc Hoi , Nguyen Dai Hai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe advancement of therapeutic gas treatment has significantly impacted on the biomaterial field, with nitric oxide (NO) gaining attention for its safety, multifunctionality, and role in regulating biological processes. Thus, this study introduces a novel biocatalytic NO‐generating in situ forming hydrogel (GTA/Cu) to address wound‐related issues, fabricated through a simple, one‐step process by incorporating copper ions (Cu2+) into tannic acid‐conjugated gelatin (GTA). Herein, Cu2+ functions simultaneously as a crosslinking agent, NO‐generating catalyst, and antibacterial agent, while the galloyl groups in GTA enable effective tissue adhesion and diverse crosslinking interactions. The hydrogels' mechanical properties are controlled by varying Cu2+ concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/mL), with higher concentration accelerating gelation and enhancing mechanical strength. At 100 mg/mL Cu2+, the hydrogel releases NO for up to 12 days, reaching a cumulative concentration of around 200 μM. It also demonstrated robust antioxidant activity, high tissue adhesion (~20 kPa), and comparable antibacterial effects to Cu‐only samples. Interestingly, the released NO facilitates endothelial cell proliferation, accelerates scratch closure within 36 h, and stimulates new tube formation on Matrigel, showing comparable effects to VEGF. Additionally, it clearly promotes new blood vessel formation in vivo following subcutaneous injection, further highlighting its potential for practical wound healing applications.
Deciphering the Power of Resveratrol in Mitophagy: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Liu Hongmei , Song Yixuan , Wang Huan , Zhou Ying , Xu Min , Xian Jiaxun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTResveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention for its therapeutic potential in various pathological conditions. This review explores how RES modulates mitophagy—the selective autophagic degradation of mitochondria essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. RES promotes the initiation and execution of mitophagy by enhancing PINK1/Parkin‐mediated mitochondrial clearance, reducing reactive oxygen species production, and mitigating apoptosis, thereby preserving mitochondrial integrity. Additionally, RES regulates mitophagy through the activation of key molecular targets such as AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), deacetylases (SIRT1 and SIRT3), and mitochondrial quality control (MQC) pathways, demonstrating substantial therapeutic effects in multiple disease models. We provide a detailed account of the biosynthetic pathways, pharmacokinetics, and metabolic characteristics of RES, focusing on its role in mitophagy modulation and implications for medical applications. Potential adverse effects associated with its clinical use are also discussed. Despite its promising therapeutic properties, the clinical application of RES is limited by issues of bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles. Future research should concentrate on enhancing RES bioavailability and developing derivatives that precisely modulate mitophagy, thereby unlocking new avenues for disease therapy.
Directed Covalent Bond in Group 16 Dihydrides
Authors: Atsumi Michiko 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe chemical bond lengths and angles of group 16 dihydrides were investigated. The relativistic effects are essential for heavy elements molecules calculations. Here we implement two relativistic effects, that is, scalar relativistic effects and spin‐orbit coupled zero‐order regular approximation. Concerning molecular symmetry, scalar relativistic effects and spin‐orbit relativistic effects show different descriptions. They are single group and double group, respectively. In addition, non‐relativistic effects were used for very weak relativistic effects on molecules and for comparing with and without relativistic effects for heavy element molecules. From H2O to PoH2, the bonding lengths and angles are due to sp hybridization orbitals, while LvH is mainly due to p‐orbital bonding, resulting in a different configuration of bond lengths and angles than other group 16 dihydrides. The chemical bonding of group 16 dihydrides was analyzed from a single group point of view by operating the double group results to a single group.
Robust Approximate Constraint‐Following Control Design Based on Udwadia–Kalaba Theory and Experimental Verification for Collaborative Robots With Inequality Constraints and Uncertainties
Authors: Ma Xinbao , Zhen Shengchao , Meng Chaoqun , Liu Xiaoli , Meng Guanjun , Chen Ye‐Hwa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA robust approximate constraint‐following control (RACC) approach is proposed in this article for collaborative robots with inequality constraints. The trajectory‐following control and boundary control of the robot are investigated. First, an explicit constraint equation for the collaborative robot system is established based on the Udwadia–Kalaba (U‐K) theory. Second, due to the monotone unbounded property of the tangent function, a special function is constructed to transform the joint output angles of the constrained robot into unconstrained state variables, and a new form of the robot constraint equation is obtained. Through this transformation, the joint motion of the robot will always be confined to specified angles and follow the desired trajectory. The constraint equation ensures the safety of the robot at the algorithmic level and innovatively solves the control problem of the equality and inequality of the robot's motion. According to theoretical analysis, the control approach can deal with uncertainty and satisfy both uniform boundedness (UB) and uniform ultimate boundedness (UUB) requirements. Finally, based on the rapid controller prototype CSPACE and a two‐degree‐of‐freedom collaborative robot platform, experimental verification is carried out. Numerical simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RACC approach with state transformation exhibits significant advantages in trajectory tracking performance and safety for collaborative robots.
Tokenizing Innovation: A Blockchain‐Based Innovation System as a Step Toward Achieving Sustainable Development
Authors: Xie Xin , Alnafrah Ibrahim , Dagestani Abd Alwahed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study examines patenting patterns to identify inefficiencies in innovation systems and proposes a blockchain‐based solution to advance sustainable development goals (SDGs) 4, 8, 9, and 17. Using a dataset of 13,910 patent documents, the research employs a multi‐step methodology: a patent landscape analysis, network analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM). Our findings indicate that patents linked to non‐competitive technologies and low originality scores are more likely to become inactive. Furthermore, the study identifies several factors contributing to the low efficiency of the innovation system, including closed technology transfer processes and weak collaborative synergies among stakeholders. To address these challenges, a blockchain‐based rewards system is proposed to foster beneficial relationships among innovation stakeholders, supporting sustainable innovation practices. This study enhances our understanding of innovation theory and provides insights for policymakers, linking the proposed solution to achieving SDGs 4, 8, 9, and 17 through sustainable innovation.
The Effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance Pillars on CEO Compensation: Evidence From US‐Listed Companies
Authors: Huang Chi‐Jui , Chen Tser‐Yieth , Lu Chia‐Wu , Huang Chien , Chih Hsiang‐Lin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study's examination of how a company's ESG performance affects CEO compensation is driven by the increasing global emphasis on sustainable development and corporate social responsibility. This is reflected in the importance of stakeholder desire to incorporate environmental protection and social responsibility into top‐level corporate decision‐making. The present study explores the role of the overall impacts of CSR/ESG and individual ESG pillars in executive compensation, including total compensation, equity‐based compensation, and cash‐based compensation. The study sample consists of 8312 observations of US‐listed companies from 2003 to 2021. The results indicate that overall sustainability performance significantly impacts executive total and equity‐based compensation, aligning with stakeholder theory. We disintegrate CSR/ESG and find that environmental and corporate governance performance positively correlates with executive compensation. However, social performance has a significant negative impact, which aligns with equity theory. Companies with higher social performance tend to narrow the compensation gap between executives and employees, avoiding significant pay gaps that could disrupt internal harmony and collaboration within the organization. We are the first literature to interconnect individual ESG aspects and corporate CEO compensation levels and then make a specific contribution to the literature on corporate ESG performance affecting the pattern of CEO compensation. Our findings can help policymakers improve CEO compensation structures to increase sustainability.
Insight Into the Film‐Forming Properties of Pea Protein Isolate Improved by Cellulose Nanocrystals From the Perspective of Water Phase Stabilization
Authors: Gao Junwei , Song Xinyuan , Liu Yingnan , Yu Zhenyu , Xiao Yaqing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study is dedicated to explore the effect of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) on the film formability of pea protein isolate (PPI) and propose the regulation mechanism from the perspective of water phase stabilization. Compared with PPI film, the CNC‐PPI composite films showed the improvement in mechanical properties and barrier properties of water/air. CNC reduced the proportion of free water in the PPI film and induced its conversion to immobilized water. From the microscopic observation of the films, it could be found that 0.25%–0.75% CNC made the dispersion of PPI more uniform, and formed more compact film structure. Meanwhile, the exposure of tyrosine and tryptophan in PPI molecules and the increase in the content of β‐sheet resulted in the improvement of film‐forming properties of PPI. The enhanced stability of water phase induced by CNC restrained the formation of water channels, thus improving the structural integrity of gel network and the film‐forming properties of PPI. This work provided a theoretical reference for regulation of the film‐forming properties of PPI with CNC, which was expected to improve the product performance of PPI films and enrich the application scenarios of PPI.
Effects of meloxicam and flunixin meglumine on oxidative stress and pregnancy factors in Awassi sheep
Authors: Akkuş Tuğra , Yaprakcı Ömer , Günal İsmail , Ekici Mehmet , Emre Birten , Korkmaz Ömer , Zonturlu Abuzer K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of administering flunixin meglumine (FM) and meloxicam (M) on specific days post‐mating on progesterone (P4), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), pregnancy‐specific protein B (PSPB), pregnancy‐associated glycoprotein (PAG) concentrations and fertility parameters in Awassi sheep.MethodsSeventy‐five Awassi sheep were divided into three groups of 25: control, M and FM. On days 9 and 10 post‐mating, the control group received saline, the M group received 0.5 mg/kg M and the FM group received 2.2 mg/kg FM. Blood samples were collected on days 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 17 post‐mating.ResultsStatistically significant time‐dependent differences in P4, TAS, TOS, OSI, PSPB and PAG concentrations were found between the groups (p < 0.001). TAS was highest in the M group and lowest in the control group (p < 0.001). TOS was higher in the control group and lower in the M group (p < 0.001). PSPB and PAG were highest in the control group and lowest in the M group (p < 0.05).LimitationFurther studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the findings.ConclusionFM and M significantly affected oxidative stress parameters and early pregnancy factors but not fertility parameters.
Early ambulation and chest tube removal are associated with postoperative day one discharge in majority of robotic pulmonary lobectomy patients at an ERAS center
Authors: Stiles Erik , Harika Ricky , Kuppusamy Madhan , Sternbach Joel , Low Donald E. , Hubka Michal 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundApplication of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways in robotic lobectomy have been associated with decreased length of stay (LOS). We evaluated differences in patient characteristics and achievements of ERAS benchmarks by discharge groups at a tertiary referral center.Materials and MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained ERAS database of patients undergoing robotic lobectomy for pulmonary malignancy. Patients were trifurcated into LOS groups, postoperative day 1, 2–3, and 4+. Preoperative and perioperative variables, ERAS achievement, complications, and readmissions were analyzed.ResultsBetween October 2018 and August 2022, 145 consecutive patients were reviewed. Eighty‐two (56.6%) were discharged on POD 1, 50 (34.5%) on POD 2–3, and 13 (9.0%) on POD 4+. Patients achieving POD 1 discharge were associated with better preoperative pulmonary function (FEV1 p = 0.023 and DLCO p = 0.007) and shorter operative times (p < 0.001). Most air leaks (n = 30, 54.5%) were resolved by discharge; however, 25 (17.2%) were discharged with a chest tube. The POD 1 discharge group ambulated earlier (p = 0.005) and experienced no inpatient complications. Multivariate analysis reveals that operative time, time to first ambulation, and postoperative day 1 air leak were negatively associated with POD 1 discharge. Those who experienced a minor inpatient complication ambulated 5.8 h later than those who did not.ConclusionUtilization of ERAS principles can facilitate POD 1 discharge in the majority of patients undergoing robotic assisted lobectomy without an increase in complications or readmissions. Early ambulation and chest tube removal are modifiable elements of ERAS associated with POD 1 discharge.
Background-induced forces from dark relics
Authors: Barbosa Sergio , Fichet Sylvain 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Light particles quadratically coupled to nucleons induce macroscopic forces in matter. While a quantum effect always exists, an additional force occurs in the presence of a finite density of the light particles. We compute and classify such background-induced forces for particles of spin 0,

$$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

, 1 in the framework of effective field theory. We show that, at short distance, the background-induced forces exhibit a universal behavior that depends solely on the moments of the phase space distribution function of the light particles.
We compute the forces in the case of dark particles densities that may realistically occur in cosmology, assuming either (i) cosmically homogeneous or (ii) virialized phase space distributions. For homogeneous distributions — analogous to cosmic neutrinos, all the background-induced forces remain, unlike the quantum ones, exponentially unsuppressed at large distance, implying that large scale fifth force experiments are highly sensitive to dark relics. Moreover at zero mass the forces from dark bosons are generically enhanced with respect to their quantum counterpart due to Bose-Einstein distribution. Overall, we find that the resulting fifth force bounds can compete with those from quantum forces. For virialized distributions — identifiable as cold dark matter, the reach is also enhanced beyond the dark matter Compton wavelength. We obtain significant bounds on sub-keV scalar cold dark matter, that can appear in certain cosmological scenarios. A thorough adaptation of the results from the Eöt-Wash experiment may produce powerful additional bounds.
Quiver polymerisation
Authors: Hanany Amihay , Kalveks Rudolph , Kumaran Guhesh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Two new diagrammatic techniques on 3d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 quiver gauge theories, termed chain and cyclic quiver polymerisation are introduced. These gauge a diagonal SU/U(k) subgroup of the Coulomb branch global symmetry of a quiver (or pair of quivers) with multiple legs. The action on the Coulomb branch is that of a SU/U(k) hyper-Kähler quotient. The polymerisation techniques build and generalise known composition methods from class $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
. Polymerisation is used to generate a wide range of magnetic quivers from various physical contexts. These include polymerisation constructions for Kronheimer-Nakajima quivers, which generalise the ADHM construction for the moduli space of k SU(N) instantons on ℂ2 to A-type singularities. Also a polymerisation construction of the magnetic quiver for the 6d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) theory coming from two $$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

M5 branes probing an E6 Klein singularity. We find a method of extending magnetic quivers for Class $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
theories to cure the incomplete Higgsing that arises when gluing punctures into the loops associated with higher genus theories. Other novel constructions include a unitary magnetic quiver for the closure of a height four nilpotent orbit of SO(7). We explore the relationships between the Coulomb and Higgs branches of quivers under polymerisation.
Impact of SMEFT renormalisation group running on Higgs production at the LHC
Authors: Maltoni Fabio , Ventura Giuseppe , Vryonidou Eleni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the effects of the one-loop renormalisation group running/mixing of the Wilson coefficients in the standard model effective field theory on the predictions for Hj, $$ t\overline{t}H $$
t

t
¯

H
and HH production at the LHC. We focus on a subset of operators closed under QCD corrections and explore the differences between employing a fixed or dynamical scale on the SMEFT predictions for key observables such as the Higgs transverse momentum and the Higgs pair invariant mass. We then study the impact of consistently taking into account renormalisation group effects on the constraints that can be obtained on the Wilson coefficients through current and future measurements at the LHC.
Non-holomorphic modular A5 symmetry for lepton masses and mixing
Authors: Li Cai-Chang , Lu Jun-Nan , Ding Gui-Jun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We perform a comprehensive bottom-up study of all the simplest lepton models based on non-holomorphic A5 modular flavor symmetry, in which neutrinos are assumed to be Majorana particles and their masses are generated by the Weinberg operator or the type I seesaw mechanism. In the case that the generalized CP (gCP) symmetry is not considered, we find that 21 Weinberg operator models and 174 seesaw models can accommodate the experimental data in lepton sector, and all of them depend on six dimensionless free parameters and two overall scales. If gCP symmetry compatible with A5 modular symmetry is imposed, one more free parameter would be reduced. Then only 4 of the 21 Weinberg operator models and 100 of the 174 seesaw models agree with the experimental data on lepton masses and mixing parameters. Furthermore, we perform a detailed numerical analysis for two example models for illustration.
Renormalization of the SMEFT to dimension eight: Fermionic interactions I
Authors: Bakshi S. D. , Chala M. , Díaz-Carmona Á. , Ren Z. , Vilches F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This is the third of a series of works [1, 2] aimed at renormalizing the Standard Model effective field theory at one loop and to order 1/Λ4, with Λ being the new physics cut-off. On this occasion, we concentrate on the running of two-fermion operators induced by pairs of dimension-six interactions. We work mostly off-shell, for which we obtain and provide a new and explicitly hermitian basis of dimension-eight Green’s functions. All our results can be accessed in https://github.com/SMEFT-Dimension8-RGEs.
Holographic boundary conformal field theory within Horndeski gravity
Authors: Santos Fabiano F. , Pourhassan Behnam , Saridakis Emmanuel N. , Sokoliuk Oleksii , Baransky Alexander , Kahya Emre Onur 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate entanglement islands and the Page curve in the framework of Horndeski gravity on a Karch-Randall braneworld background. In particular, treating the holographic boundary conformal field theory analytically we find that the Horndeski parameters significantly alter the behavior of the Page curve compared to standard general relativity, a feature caused by the nontrivial geometry induced by the Horndeski scalar field. Interestingly enough, the geometry far from the AdS limit plays a more significant role compared to previous studies. This suggests that Horndeski gravity introduces important modifications to the distribution of quantum information in the holographic model. Finally, we claim that holographic consistency can be used reversely to impose constraints on Horndeski gravity itself, providing a new tool for probing the validity of modified gravity theories.