bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dextran as internal calibrant for N-glycan analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility-mass spectrometry
Authors: Manz Christian , Götze Michael , Frank Clemens , Zappe Andreas , Pagel Kevin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
LC–MS is one of the most important tools for the comprehensive characterization of N-glycans. Despite many efforts to speed up glycan analysis via optimized sample preparation (e.g., faster enzyme digestion in combination with instant or rapid labeling dyes), a major bottleneck remains the rather long measurement times of HILIC chromatography. Further complication arises from the necessity to concomitantly calibrate with an external standard to allow for accurate retention times and the conversion into more robust GU values. Here we demonstrate the use of an internal calibration strategy for HILIC chromatography to speed up glycan analysis. By reducing the number of utilized dextran oligosaccharides, the calibrant can be spiked directly into the sample such that external calibration runs are no longer required. The minimized dextran ladder shows accurate GU calibration with a minor deviation of well below 1% and can be applied without modifications in sample preparation or data processing. We further demonstrate the simultaneous use of the minimized dextran ladder as calibrant for the estimation of CCS values in traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry. In both cases, the minimized dextran ladder enables the measurement of calibrant and sample in a single HPLC run without losing information or accuracy.
Graphical abstract
A Mild Case of Autosomal Recessive Osteopetrosis Masquerading as the Dominant Form Involving Homozygous Deep Intronic Variations in the CLCN7 Gene
Authors: Hofstaetter Jochen G. , Atkins Gerald J. , Kato Hajime , Kogawa Masakazu , Blouin Stéphane , Misof Barbara M. , Roschger Paul , Evdokiou Andreas , Yang Dongqing , Solomon Lucian B. , Findlay David M. , Ito Nobuaki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOsteopetrosis is a heterogeneous group of rare hereditary diseases characterized by increased bone mass of poor quality. Autosomal-dominant osteopetrosis type II (ADOII) is most often caused by mutation of theCLCN7gene leading to impaired bone resorption. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO) is a more severe form and is frequently accompanied by additional morbidities. We report an adult male presenting with classical clinical and radiological features of ADOII. Genetic analyses showed no amino-acid-converting mutation inCLCN7but an apparent haploinsufficiency and suppression ofCLCN7mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Next generation sequencing revealed low-frequency intronic homozygous variations inCLCN7, suggesting recessive inheritance. In silico analysis of an intronic duplication c.595-120_595-86dup revealed additional binding sites for Serine- and Arginine-rich Splicing Factors (SRSF), which is predicted to impairCLCN7expression. Quantitative backscattered electron imaging and histomorphometric analyses revealed bone tissue and material abnormalities. Giant osteoclasts were present and additionally to lamellar bone, and abundant woven bone and mineralized cartilage were observed, together with increased frequency and thickness of cement lines. Bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD) analysis revealed markedly increased average mineral content of the dense bone (CaMeanT-score + 10.1) and frequency of bone with highest mineral content (CaHighT-score + 19.6), suggesting continued mineral accumulation and lack of bone remodelling. Osteocyte lacunae sections (OLS) characteristics were unremarkable except for an unusually circular shape. Together, our findings suggest that the reduced expression ofCLCN7mRNA in osteoclasts, and possibly also osteocytes, causes poorly remodelled bone with abnormal bone matrix with high mineral content. This together with the lack of adequate bone repair mechanisms makes the material brittle and prone to fracture. While the skeletal phenotype and medical history were suggestive of ADOII, genetic analysis revealed that this is a possible mild case of ARO due to deep intronic mutation.
Imaging PARP with [18F]rucaparib in pancreatic cancer models
Authors: Chan Chung Ying , Chen Zijun , Destro Gianluca , Veal Mathew , Lau Doreen , O’Neill Edward , Dias Gemma , Mosley Michael , Kersemans Veerle , Guibbal Florian , Gouverneur Véronique , Cornelissen Bart 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeRucaparib, an FDA-approved PARP inhibitor, is used as a single agent in maintenance therapy to provide promising treatment efficacy with an acceptable safety profile in various types ofBRCA-mutated cancers. However, not all patients receive the same benefit from rucaparib-maintenance therapy. A predictive biomarker to help with patient selection for rucaparib treatment and predict clinical benefit is therefore warranted. With this aim, we developed [18F]rucaparib, an18F-labelled isotopologue of rucaparib, and employed it as a PARP-targeting agent for cancer imaging with PET. Here, we report thein vitroandin vivoevaluation of [18F]rucaparib in human pancreatic cancer models.MethodWe incorporated the positron-emitting18F isotope into rucaparib, enabling its use as a PET imaging agent. [18F]rucaparib binds to the DNA damage repair enzyme, PARP, allowing direct visualisation and measurement of PARP in cancerous models before and after PARP inhibition or other genotoxic cancer therapies, providing critical information for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Proof-of-concept evaluations were determined in pancreatic cancer models.ResultsUptake of [18F]rucaparib was found to be mainly dependent on PARP1 expression. Induction of DNA damage increased PARP expression, thereby increasing uptake of [18F]rucaparib.In vivostudies revealed relatively fast blood clearance of [18F]rucaparib in PSN1 tumour-bearing mice, with a tumour uptake of 5.5 ± 0.5%ID/g (1 h after i.v. administration).In vitroandin vivostudies showed significant reduction of [18F]rucaparib uptake by addition of different PARP inhibitors, indicating PARP-selective binding.ConclusionTaken together, we demonstrate the potential of [18F]rucaparib as a non-invasive PARP-targeting imaging agent for pancreatic cancers.
Rigorous Analysis and Dynamics of Hibler’s Sea Ice Model
Authors: Brandt Felix , Disser Karoline , Haller-Dintelmann Robert , Hieber Matthias 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article develops for the first time a rigorous analysis of Hibler’s model of sea ice dynamics. Identifying Hibler’s ice stress as a quasilinear second-order operator and regarding Hibler’s model as a quasilinear evolution equation, it is shown that a regularized version of Hibler’s coupled sea ice model, i.e., the model coupling velocity, thickness and compactness of sea ice, is locally strongly well-posed within the $$L_q$$

L
q

-setting and also globally strongly well-posed for initial data close to constant equilibria.
Intravesical aminophylline instillation as an alternative for balloon dilatation prior to semi-rigid ureteroscopic management of distal ureteral stones
Authors: Shabayek M. , Osman T. , Wahb M. , Elmoazen M. , Osman D. , Saafan A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the effect of intravesical aminophylline instillation (IVAI) on intraureteral pressure of lower ureter and its use as an alternative to balloon dilatation after failure of advancing semi-rigid ureteroscope through the ureteric orifice without endodilatation.

Methods
Our study included 83 patients with juxta-vesical distal ureteral calculi requiring endodilatation after unsuccessfully introducing the semi-rigid ureteroscope through the ureteric orifice. Patients were randomized into two groups: group A (study group) included 41 patients, where IVAI was used to dilate the ureter and facilitate ureteroscopy (the intraureteral pressure was measured using a pressure transducer connected to an invasive pressure monitor before and 5 min after IVAI), whereas group B (control group) included 42 patients, where balloon dilatation was used prior to ureteroscopy. Perioperative surgical outcomes of ureteroscopy were evaluated in both groups.

Results
A statistically significant decrease in mean intraureteral pressure of intravesical ureter was found after IVAI from 12.34 mmHg ± 1.94 before injection to 8.46 mmHg ± 1.94 after injection (P < 0.001). Ureteral injuries, postoperative pain and hematuria were statistically significantly less among the study group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). We did not find statistically significant differences in operative time, need for DJ ureteral stenting or stone-free rate between both groups and no perioperative side effects were associated with IVAI.

Conclusion
In ureteroscopic management of distal ureteral stones, intravesical aminophylline instillation is safe, inexpensive and effective in reducing intraureteral pressure and achieves comparable outcomes to balloon dilatation with less ureteral injuries, postoperative pain and hematuria.
Coleoptera claws and trichome interlocking
Authors: Salerno Gianandrea , Rebora Manuela , Piersanti Silvana , Saitta Valerio , Gorb Elena , Gorb Stanislav 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present study tests the hypothesis that the specialized claws with a basal tooth found in some coccinellid beetles represent an adaptation to interlock with flexible unbranched trichomes of different plants. We compared the attachment ability of three Coleoptera species, Chnootriba elaterii, Harmonia axyridis (both Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and Chrysolina herbacea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with claws of different shape. The attachment ability of insect individuals with or without claws to a plant with leaves bearing straight non-branched trichomes (Cucurbita moschata) and to a plant with smooth leaves (Prunus laurocerasus) was measured in traction force experiments. Insect attachment ability was also tested on a resin replica of C. moschata leaf, to variate trichome stiffness, and on glass as a reference surface. Centrifugal force tester experiments were performed to compare the attachment ability of the two ladybird species to glass and to the leaf of C. moschata. Natural and artificial substrates were characterized in cryo-SEM. The collected data reveal that plant trichomes can enhance insect attachment to plant surface compared with smooth glass by increasing insect friction force, but this is directly related to the trichome stiffness. To effectively grasp soft trichomes, insects evolved special claws-associated structures, such as the dentate claws observed in Coccinellidae.
Predictive value of p53, Ki67 and TLR5 in neoplastic progression of Barrett’s esophagus: a matched case–control study
Authors: Helminen Olli , Melkko Jukka , Saarnio Juha , Sihvo Eero , Kuopio Teijo , Ohtonen Pasi , Kauppila Joonas H. , Karttunen Tuomo J. , Huhta Heikki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Barrett’s esophagus progresses to high-grade dysplasia or cancer along the well-established metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of p53, Ki67, and toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) in prediction of malignant progression of Barrett’s metaplasia and low-grade dysplasia. This was a retrospective matched case–control study based on Northern and Central Finland population. Patients diagnosed with esophageal high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma were included. From these patients, all previous endoscopy samples were obtained along with original diagnostic HE-slides and clinical data. Age- and sex-matched patients with non-progressing Barrett’s metaplasia and low-grade dysplasia confirmed with follow-up endoscopies were used as controls. Two gastrointestinal pathologist re-reviewed all original HE-slides, and newly made sections to confirm representative tissue material blinded from clinical data. p53, Ki67, and TLR5 were immunohistochemically stained. Final cohort included 45 patients with progressive Barrett’s metaplasia (n = 21) or low-grade dysplasia (n = 24), and 92 patients with non-progressive Barrett’s metaplasia (n = 52) or low-grade dysplasia (n = 40). In Barrett’s metaplasia, aberrant p53 expression was observed in 6% of samples in progressors and 0% in non-progressors. In low-grade dysplasia, aberrant p53 was seen in 56% of samples in progressors and 17% in non-progressors (Odd’s ratio 6.7, 95% CI 1.8–24.6). Ki67 or TLR5 showed no association with disease progression. In this matched case–control study, p53 expression associated with a high risk of malignant progression in Barrett’s low-grade dysplasia. Routine staining of p53 is indicated in expert confirmed low-grade dysplasia.
Chondrocyte death involvement in osteoarthritis
Authors: Salucci S. , Falcieri E. , Battistelli M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChondrocyte apoptosis is known to contribute to articular cartilage damage in osteoarthritis and is correlated to a number of cartilage disorders. Micromass cultures represent a convenient means for studying chondrocyte biology, and, in particular, their death. In this review, we focused the different kinds of chondrocyte death through a comparison between data reported in the literature. Chondrocytes show necrotic features and, occasionally, also apoptotic features, but usually undergo a new form of cell death called Chondroptosis, which occurs in a non-classical manner. Chondroptosis has some features in common with classical apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and involvement, not always, of caspases. The most crucial peculiarity of chondroptosis relates to the ultimate elimination of cellular remnants. Independent of phagocytosis, chondroptosis may serve to eliminate cells without inflammation in situations in which phagocytosis would be difficult. This particular death mechanism is probably due to the unusual condition chondrocytes both in vivo and in micromass culture. This review highlights on the morpho-fuctional alterations of articular cartilage and focus attention on various types of chondrocyte death involved in this degeneration. The death features have been detailed and discussed through in vitro studies based on tridimensional chondrocyte culture (micromasses culture). The study of this particular mechanism of cartilage death and the characterization of different biological and biochemical underlying mechanisms can lead to the identification of new potentially therapeutic targets in various joint diseases.
Genuinely distributed Byzantine machine learning
Authors: El-Mhamdi El-Mahdi , Guerraoui Rachid , Guirguis Arsany , Hoang Lê-Nguyên , Rouault Sébastien 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMachine learning (ML) solutions are nowadays distributed, according to the so-called server/worker architecture. One server holds the model parameters while several workers train the model. Clearly, such architecture is prone to various types of component failures, which can be all encompassed within the spectrum of a Byzantine behavior. Several approaches have been proposed recently to tolerate Byzantine workers. Yet all require trusting a central parameter server. We initiate in this paper the study of the “general” Byzantine-resilient distributed machine learning problem where no individual component is trusted. In particular, we distribute the parameter server computation on several nodes. We show that this problem can be solved in an asynchronous system, despite the presence of $$\frac{1}{3}$$

1
3

Byzantine parameter servers (i.e., $$n_{ps} > 3f_{ps}+1$$

n

ps

>
3

f

ps

+
1

) and $$\frac{1}{3}$$

1
3

Byzantine workers (i.e., $$n_w > 3f_w$$

n
w

>
3

f
w

), which is asymptotically optimal. We present a new algorithm, ByzSGD, which solves the general Byzantine-resilient distributed machine learning problem by relying on three major schemes. The first, scatter/gather, is a communication scheme whose goal is to bound the maximum drift among models on correct servers. The second, distributed median contraction (DMC), leverages the geometric properties of the median in high dimensional spaces to bring parameters within the correct servers back close to each other, ensuring safe and lively learning. The third, Minimum-diameter averaging (MDA), is a statistically-robust gradient aggregation rule whose goal is to tolerate Byzantine workers. MDA requires a loose bound on the variance of non-Byzantine gradient estimates, compared to existing alternatives [e.g., Krum (Blanchard et al., in: Neural information processing systems, pp 118-128, 2017)]. Interestingly, ByzSGD ensures Byzantine resilience without adding communication rounds (on a normal path), compared to vanilla non-Byzantine alternatives. ByzSGD requires, however, a larger number of messages which, we show, can be reduced if we assume synchrony. We implemented ByzSGD on top of both TensorFlow and PyTorch, and we report on our evaluation results. In particular, we show that ByzSGD guarantees convergence with around 32% overhead compared to vanilla SGD. Furthermore, we show that ByzSGD’s throughput overhead is 24–176% in the synchronous case and 28–220% in the asynchronous case.
Diet and exercise advice and referrals for cancer survivors: an integrative review of medical and nursing perspectives
Authors: Joseph Ria , Hart Nicolas H. , Bradford Natalie , Agbejule Oluwaseyifunmi Andi , Koczwara Bogda , Chan Alexandre , Wallen Matthew P. , Chan Raymond J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To examine the perspectives of medical and nursing health professionals concerning their roles and responsibilities in providing dietary and exercise advice to cancer survivors, and referrals to allied health professionals.

Methods
An integrative review. PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science databases, and bibliographies of relevant studies were searched from December 2011 to June 2021. All studies were eligible for inclusion. The Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to critically appraise included studies. Data were extracted and synthesised regarding the perspectives of medical and nursing health professionals on their roles, responsibilities, barriers, and facilitators.

Results
Twenty-one studies involving 3401 medical and nursing health professionals and 264 cancer survivors of diverse cancer types were included. Ten quantitative, nine qualitative, and two mixed-methods studies were eligible. All included studies met at least 80% of the quality criteria in the MMAT. Major findings include the following: (1) medical and nursing health professionals were unclear on their roles in providing dietary and exercise advice to cancer survivors but agreed they play a key role in referrals to dietitians and exercise professionals; (2) most cancer survivors valued the involvement of their general practitioner when receiving dietary and exercise advice.

Conclusion
Although medical and nursing health professionals understand that referrals to allied health professionals form part of their role, there is a lack of clarity regarding their roles to provide dietary and exercise advice to cancer survivors. Future studies should address barriers and facilitators of dietary and exercise advice and referral by medical and nursing health professionals.
Population kinetics of homoarginine and optimized supplementation for cardiovascular risk reduction
Authors: Kleist Christine J. , Choe Chi-Un , Atzler Dorothee , Schönhoff Mirjam , Böger Rainer , Schwedhelm Edzard , Wicha Sebastian G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHomoarginine is an endogenous amino acid whose levels are reduced in patients with renal, cardio- and cerebrovascular disease. Moreover, low homoarginine concentrations independently predict morbidity and mortality in these patients. Besides endogenous synthesis, homoarginine is also a constituent of the human diet. The objective of the present study was to analyze the kinetics of orally supplemented homoarginine in human plasma by means of a pharmacometric approach. We developed a pharmacometric model to evaluate different dosing regimens, especially the regimen of 125 mg once weekly, based on a previous clinical study (n = 20). The model was adapted to account for differences in baseline homoarginine plasma concentrations between healthy and diseased individuals. A novel dosing regimen of 25 mg once daily led to higher attainment of homoarginine reference concentrations using clinical trial simulations. With 25 mg/day, the trough concentration of only 6% of the older and 3.8% of the younger population was predicted to be below the target concentration of 2.0–4.1 µmol/L. In synopsis, the new dosing regimen recapitulates the kinetics of homoarginine in healthy individuals optimally.
Efficacy of concentrated growth factor versus collagen membrane in reconstructive surgical therapy of peri-implantitis: 3-year results of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Isler Sila Cagri , Soysal Fatma , Ceyhanlı Tugce , Bakırarar Batuhan , Unsal Berrin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the 3-year clinical and radiographic outcomes of two different reconstructive surgical management of peri-implantitis using a bone substitute in combination with either concentrated growth factor (CGF) or collagen membrane (CM).Material and methodsFifty-one patients who had at least one implant presenting peri-implantitis with an intrabony defect were filled with a xenogenic bone grafting material and covered either CGF or CM. Clinical and radiographic assessments were carried out at baseline and postoperative years 1 and 3. Three different composite outcomes were defined to evaluate treatment success at a 3-year follow-up. The effects of possible prognostic indicators on treatment success were identified by using multilevel regression analysis.ResultsThe changes in probing depth (PD) and radiographic vertical defect depth (VDD) between baseline and year 1 and baseline and year 3 presented significantly greater decreases for the CM group in comparison with the CGF group (p < 0.05). No significant differences between the two treatment modalities were demonstrated regarding treatment success outcomes. History of periodontitis, VDD at baseline, and the number of intrabony defect walls revealed significant impacts on treatment success (p = 0.033; OR = 3.50,p = 0.039; OR = 0.975, andp = 0.024; OR = 7.0 andp = 0.019;OR = 6.0, respectively).ConclusionsCM in combination with a bone substitute seems to have slightly better outcomes compared to the CGF membranes in reconstructive surgical therapy of peri-implantitis. The history of periodontitis, baseline VDD, and peri-implant bone defect configuration could be possible predictors influencing treatment success.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04769609.Clinical relevanceFor the reconstruction of peri-implant bone defects, using a bone substitute in combination with a collagen membrane may show more favorable outcomes.
A meta-analytic review of the impact of ADHD medications on anxiety and depression in children and adolescents
Authors: Bryant Annie , Schlesinger Hope , Sideri Athina , Holmes Joni , Buitelaar Jan , Meiser-Stedman Richard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnxiety and depression are listed as common side effects for medications licensed for treating ADHD in children and adolescents. This meta-analytic review of randomised controlled trials aimed to explore the effect of medications on symptoms of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with ADHD. A meta-analytic review of ADHD drug trials in children and adolescents was conducted. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted on anxiety and depression outcomes measured by validated psychological scales or side effect rating scales. Only 11% of eligible trials in this review reported anxiety and/or depression as an outcome or side effect, limiting the conclusions of the meta-analyses. Relative to placebo control, no significant effect of medication was found for symptoms of anxiety or depression in randomised controlled trials of ADHD medication in children and adolescents. This review highlights the systemic lack of mental health outcome reporting in child and adolescent ADHD drug trials. The importance of widespread implementation of standardised measurement of mental health outcomes in future trials is discussed.