bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of large colorectal polyp endoscopic resections during small audience live endoscopy events with endoscopist at their home endoscopy unit
Authors: El Rahyel Ahmed , Rex Douglas K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Live endoscopy courses are popular. The safety of performing live endoscopy has been questioned. In this study, we compared outcomes of large colorectal polyp resections during live endoscopy events (LEEs) (with a small audience of 2 to 5 physicians) to those removed during standard procedure days (SPDs) (without an audience). All procedures were performed at the endoscopist’s home unit.
Methods Retrospective assessment of the adverse event (AE) and recurrence rates for large ( ≥ 20 mm) non-pedunculated colorectal lesions removed during LEEs. Logistic regression was used to assess whether presence of an audience predicted worse outcomes.
Results From January 2017 to May 2021, 317 lesions were removed with a live audience and 866 were removed on SPDs. Polyp pathology and procedure length were similar in both groups. There were 16 (5.0 %) total adverse events in the LEE group and 30 (3.4 %) in the SPD group (P = 0.224). The majority in both groups were delayed hemorrhage. There were 2 (0.6 %) perforations in the LEE and 3 (0.3 %) in the SPD group. Increasing polyp size was associated with more AEs and higher recurrence. Increasing patient age predicted higher recurrence, and thermal injury of the resection margin predicted lower recurrence. There were no other predictors of AEs or recurrence, including presence of a live audience.
Conclusions Removing large colorectal polyps with a small live audience did not increase adverse outcomes.
Analysis of Readmissions and Reoperations in Pediatric Microvascular Reconstruction
Authors: Pires Giovanna R. , Moss Whitney D. , Memmott Stanley , Wright Thomas , Eddington Devin , Brintz Ben J. , Agarwal Jayant P. , Kwok Alvin C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Free tissue transfer is utilized as a reconstructive option for various anatomic defects. While it has long been performed in adults, reconstructive surgeons have used free tissue transfer to a lesser degree in children. As such, there are few analyses of factors associated with complications in free tissue transfer within this population. The aim of this study is to assess factors associated with readmission and reoperation in pediatric free flap patients utilizing the pediatric National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.
Methods Pediatric patients who underwent microvascular reconstruction between 2015 and 2020 were included. Patients were identified by five microvascular reconstruction Current Procedural Terminology codes and were then stratified by flap site (head and neck, extremities, trunk) and defect etiology (congenital, trauma, infection, neoplasm). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with readmissions and reoperations.
Results The study cohort consisted of 258 patients. The average age was 10.0 ± 4.7 years and the majority of patients were male (n = 149, 57.8%), were of white race (n = 164, 63.6%), and had a normal body mass index. Twenty-two patients (8.5%) experienced an unplanned readmission within 30 days of the initial operation, most commonly for wound disruption (31.8% of readmissions). The overall rate of unplanned reoperation within 30 days was 11.6% (n = 30) for all patients, with an average of 8.9 ± 7.5 days to reoperation. On multivariate regression analysis, each hour increase in operative time was associated with an increased odds of reoperation (odds ratio [OR]: 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12, 1.45) and readmission (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.34).
Conclusion In pediatric patients undergoing free tissue transfer, higher readmission and reoperation risk was associated with longer operative duration. Overall, free tissue transfer is safe in the pediatric population with relatively low rates of readmission and reoperation.
Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis and characterisation of testicular cells in giant panda (
Authors: Zheng Yi , Liu Yuliang , Hou Rong , Shi Keyu , Chen Yijiao , Feng Tongying , An Junhui 
Published: August 2022

Context The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a rare and endangered species to be preserved in China. The giant panda has a low reproductive capacity, and due to the scarcity of samples, studies on testes from giant panda are very limited, with little knowledge about the process of spermatogenesis in this species. Aims To establish the gene expression profiles in cells from the testis of a giant panda. Methods The 10× Genomics single-cell RNA-sequencing platform was applied to cells from the testis of an adult giant panda. Key results We identified eight testicular cell types including six somatic and two germ cell types from our single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets. We also identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in each cell type, and performed functional enrichment analysis for the identified testicular cell types. Furthermore, by immunohistochemistry we explored the protein localisation patterns of several marker genes in testes from giant panda. Conclusions Our study has for the first time established the gene expression profiles in cells from the testis of a giant panda. Implications Our data provide a reference catalogue for spermatogenesis and testicular cells in the giant panda, laying the foundation for future breeding and preservation of this endangered species.
Metal doped graphitic carbon nitride prepared by a bubbling template method for photo-degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Xiao Yao , Geng Aixia , Zhu Junjiang , Xu Xiao , Xu Xuelian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A bubbling template method was used to prepare metal-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN), with ammonium salts as the bubbling templates. Effects of metal types, metal loading, as well as the species and dosage of ammonium salts, on the structure, physicochemical properties and catalytic performances of g-CN were systematically investigated. Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) was used as a model reaction to evaluate the catalytic performances of the materials. The results indicated that K0.02-CN(CA-3), which was prepared with K doping and with ammonium carbonate as the bubbling template, exhibited the best activity, with 99.7% RhB conversion obtained at 17.5 min, which is 3.2 times higher than that of g-CN. This can be attributed to the improved surface area, widened light absorption range and enhanced electron–hole separation efficiency of K0.02-CN(CA-3), as compared to these of g-CN. This material was also active for photo-degradation of other pollutants and has good reusability. A sketchy mechanism indicating the reactive intermediates of reaction was proposed.
Pressure induced topological and topological crystalline insulators
Authors: Rajaji V , Manjón F J , Narayana Chandrabhas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Research on topological and topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) is one of the most intense and exciting topics due to its fascinating fundamental science and potential technological applications. Pressure (strain) is one potential pathway to induce the non-trivial topological phases in some topologically trivial (normal) insulating or semiconducting materials. In the last ten years, there have been substantial theoretical and experimental efforts from condensed-matter scientists to characterize and understand pressure-induced topological quantum phase transitions (TQPTs). In particular, a promising enhancement of the thermoelectric performance through pressure-induced TQPT has been recently realized; thus evidencing the importance of this subject in society. Since the pressure effect can be mimicked by chemical doping or substitution in many cases, these results have opened a new route to develop more efficient materials for harvesting green energy at ambient conditions. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the mechanism of pressure-induced TQPTs in various classes of materials with spin–orbit interaction is crucial to improve their properties for technological implementations. Hence, this review focuses on the emerging area of pressure-induced TQPTs to provide a comprehensive understanding of this subject from both theoretical and experimental points of view. In particular, it covers the Raman signatures of detecting the topological transitions (under pressure), some of the important pressure-induced topological and TCIs of the various classes of spin–orbit coupling materials, and provide future research directions in this interesting field.
Determination of thermoelectric properties from micro four-point probe measurements
Authors: Guralnik Benny , Hansen Ole , Stilling-Andersen Andreas R , Hansen Søren E , Borup Kasper A , Mihiretie Besira M , Beltrán-Pitarch Braulio , Henrichsen Henrik H , Lin Rong , Shiv Lior , Iversen Bo B , Nielsen Peter F , Petersen Dirch H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Micro four-point probing is a branch of electrical metrology where electrical (and electromagnetic) properties of charge carriers such as conductance, mobility, and tunneling magnetoresistance can be accurately and precisely determined at the μm scale and below. Here, we propose and demonstrate a novel application of micro four-point probe (M4PP) aimed at quantifying the thermoelectric properties of a sample. Specifically, we show that for an AC current passing through a bulk material at a low angular frequency ω, the voltage drop across the sensing electrodes at 2ω is to first order proportional to the ratio (α/κ) of its Seebeck coefficient (α) to its thermal conductivity (κ). Verified by numerical simulations, our analytic theory is then put into practice on a suite of p- and n-type bulk semiconductors (Si, Ge, and BiTe). The M4PP estimates of the Seebeck coefficient in these materials are characterized both by high accuracy and precision, suggesting a novel in-situ metrology of thermoelectric properties at the µm scale.
High-throughput screening of perovskite inspired bismuth halide materials: toward lead-free photovoltaic cells and light-emitting diodes
Authors: Park Jong-Goo , Park Sang Woo , Hong Ki-Ha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Toxicity is the main bottleneck for the commercialization of Pb halide perovskites. Bi has been considered a promising metal cation to replace Pb because of its comparable electronic structures with Pb and better stability. Although experimental and theoretical studies have proposed various Bi-based halides, the present achievements in photovoltaic cells and other photoelectronic device fields do not compete with Pb analogs. Thermodynamic stability, bandgap control, and enhancement of carrier transport are fundamental challenges in the context of intrinsic material properties for developing highly efficient Bi-based devices. This study evaluates the potential of Bi-based halide compounds with good stability and electronic properties through high-throughput density functional theory calculations. Lattice structures and compositions are selected based on previous reports and an open material database. Then, we expanded our dataset to cover all possible compositional variations of A- and X-sites and alloying to B-sites. We examined over six-hundred candidates and found ten new candidates that have not been reported previously. Rb3SbBiI9 exhibits the best-expected efficiency for high-efficiency solar cells among selected compounds, and other compounds can be used as visible-light-generation sources. Analysis of the screening procedure revealed that vacancy-ordered (A3B2X9)-type Bi-halides exhibit significantly favorable characteristics when compared with those of double perovskites and rudorffite-like structures for Bi-based photoelectronic devices.
Temporal interaction of hybrid signals in various phases of Eu3+: BiPO4 through photon–phonon dressing
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Imran Muhammad , Mujahid Anas , Ahmed Irfan , Li Changbiao , Nadeem Faisal , Zhang Yanpeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Laser interaction with doped crystals exhibiting photon–photon and photon–phonon coupling has been focused on recently. In pretext, here we report the spectral and temporal profile interaction of two lasers excitation through various phases of Eu3+: BiPO4 crystals. We reveal that spectral-temporal profile interaction of hybrid signals (coexisting fluorescence and spontaneous four-wave mixing) are dressed by nested and cascade processes of two-photons (two-phonon). Such interaction comes from thermal phonon constructive and phase transition phonon destructive dressing. The spectral and temporal (profile) interactions are interrelated and reduced by about 2-times due to two-photon nested dressing in contrast to the interaction through the sum of each laser excitation. In contrast to a single laser, spectral (Fano)-dip interaction reduces by 2-times due to two-photon destructive dressing coupling. Moreover, thermal phonon dressing at 300 K exhibits 3-times more extensive temporal interaction than that at 77 K. The phase transition phonon dressing for a half hexagonal and half low-temperature monoclinic phase is about 1.5-times longer than that of the pure hexagonal phase of Eu3+: BiPO4. These results may help to understand the spectral-temporal relationship in the fields of nonlinear and quantum optics.
The Diffusion of Sustainability Reporting for Higher Education Institution Worldwide
Authors: Sari Maylia Pramono , Faisal Faisal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study examined the diffusion of higher education institutions (HEIs) sustainability reporting (SR) around the world. It also compares the sustainability reporting (GRI database) and sustainability performance (SP) of HEIs by adopting the UI Green Metrics. Two hundred and forty-nine sustainability reports for the period 2010-2020 were analyzed to measure sustainability reporting practices. This research was a population study. The data analysis was performed using inferential and descriptive statistics. The results represented the number of SRs for HEIs was remain very weak. The comparative analysis represented that there were differences in sustainability reporting according to geographical region, but not according to size and sustainability performance. Sustainability performance has increased at the international level, but it has not been tracked by the trend of sustainability reporting, with developed and developing countries having different results. The implication of this finding suggests that it is necessary to improve the GRI standard indicators to match HEI characteristics. Future research should test the quality of reporting.
Capacity at risk: a metric for robust planning decisions under uncertainty in the electric sector
Authors: Bistline John E T , Goteti Naga Srujana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Many decision contexts are characterized by deep uncertainty where there is disagreement about values and probabilities such as policy and technological uncertainties for energy sector investments. Although there are methods for decision analysis in these contexts, there are few simple metrics to guide analysts and decision-makers on whether more sophisticated methods are appropriate, to highlight aspects of robust decision-making, and to prioritize information gathering on uncertainties. Here, we introduce a screening metric called ‘capacity at risk’ and two complementary metrics—robust capacity and risk ratio—for identifying the most decision-relevant uncertainties and for understanding which investments could be robust and which are more uncertain across a range of different futures. The use of deterministic model runs in calculating capacity at risk metrics can lower barriers to entry for modelers and communications with stakeholders. These metrics are applied to an illustrative example of electric sector decarbonization in the United States using a detailed capacity planning and dispatch model. Scenario results demonstrate the importance of climate policy targets and timing on decisions, while uncertainties such as natural gas prices and renewable costs have more moderate impacts on planning. We also apply the capacity at risk framework to other prominent U.S. electric sector scenario analysis. These comparisons suggest that commonly used scenarios may understate uncertainty, giving decision-makers a misleading sense of portfolio risk and understating the value of frameworks that explicitly assess decisions under uncertainty.
Accelerated aging tests vs field performance of PV modules
Authors: Weiß Karl-Anders , Klimm Elisabeth , Kaaya Ismail 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The solar conversion market with photovoltaic (PV) systems has experienced and is experiencing an enormous growth worldwide and—according to the agreed goals of many countries to protect the climate—will further grow over the coming decades. Investments related to PV became an important financial product with the special feature of very long contract durations. A typical setting is an operation of more than 20 years, during which the generation of electricity and also revenues are expected. Sometimes Power Purchase Agreements with durations of up to 50 years have been reported. Taking these long operational times into account, quality, durability, reliability, and degradation rates become a crucial topic for the investment and for all stakeholders. PV modules are the dominating components in this regard since they prevail the investment and—due to their sheer quantity—are in most cases hard to replace if a system has PV module immanent issues. Accelerated ageing tests are in general used to ensure the quality of PV components. These tests are partly standardized, for PV mainly by the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC and related national committees. These standards are used for type approval testing or safety testing, which can also address legal issues. Accelerated ageing tests are also adapted to specific needs and for example used for quality assurance (QA) of manufacturers or service life prediction (SLP) by manufacturers or research institutes. All the efforts are taken to gain more knowledge about the behavior of PV modules in operation and thus the accelerated tests have to be related to normal operation. Since PV is used around the globe, the conditions vary significantly depending on the location of installation, from dry and sunny deserts to mountain climates to tropical or maritime climates. In addition, the type of installation has severe influence on the operational conditions of PV modules i.e. mounted on a roof, roof integrated, open rack—or even in upcoming applications like floating PV. The papers attempt is to give an overview on the state of the art of accelerated testing and field performance analysis of PV modules with focus on the developments over the last five to ten years. Developments are described and the status is analyzed regarding the significance of tests including the latest developments and open scientific gaps related to the envisaged correlation of accelerated tests with field performance. In the end the reader is enabled to differentiate between reliability testing and service life prediction. The understanding for a comprehensive approach of reliability testing including field evaluation data will be developed.
Strain and temperature sensors made from fishing lines
Authors: Stanojevic Nenad , Chauhan Sunita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Soft and flexible sensors are demanded in a wide variety of wearables and soft-robotic applications. We designed and developed novel integrated strain and temperature sensors using super-coiled transparent polymer fibres as an optical waveguide by exploiting changes in macro-bending optical losses induced by strain or heat. Polymers used in this research such as nylon and fluorocarbon are shaped as super-coils. The customized optical couplings were designed that can sustain tension induced by axial strain force or thermal stress (entropic spring effect). A customized method of transmission and measurement of the optical signal transferred through a super-coiled polymeric waveguide was designed to reduce attenuation losses. Transmitted optical signals were recorded in the range of −65 dBm to −45 dBm. Changes in the measured transmitted optical signal were recorded and compared for transparent mono-filament nylon fibre fishing line and fluorocarbon fibre fishing line. The trends of the measured parameters registered during the testing period showed a variation of ∼2%, good linearity and repeatability, however with minor hysteresis in the range of

∼
4
%

for nylon and the range of

∼
2.5
%

for fluorocarbon. Limited optical characteristics of these materials were compensated and substituted by high sensitivity introduced by a small macro-bend radius. These sensing devices combine high sensitivity with large comparative strain and a wide range of temperatures. Polymers used in this research exhibit the potential for use in SCP waveguide-based soft robotic sensors. Measured reaction times validate the potential of these sensors in measurements of moderate or slow speed processes. These sensing devices also combine a simple manufacturing process that uses abundant and cost-effective materials with a wide array of potential applications.
A semi-analytical study on fluid-induced nonlinear dynamic behavior of the flexible robotic arms
Authors: Chen Fenghua , Qiu Xinguo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The accuracy and performance of a robot arm is reduced when placed in a fluid environment due to inductive vibrations caused by drag forces created by surrounding fluids. Accordingly, in this research, the fluid-induced nonlinear dynamic behavior of the robot flexible arm is investigated semi-analytically. In order to model the induced vibrations in the robot arm, the equations governing the transverse vibrations of the arm are derived using the nonlinear Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and taking into account the force due to the fluid surrounding the arm. A differential equation is used to calculate the force exerted on the arm by the surrounding fluid in terms of the frequency of the vortices and the deflection of the robotic arm. After the differential equations governing the forced dynamic behavior of the robot arm have been extracted, an appropriate numerical method will be applied to analyze the effect of system parameters such as the geometric and mechanical characteristics of the arm, fluid velocity, etc on the response of forced vibrations and natural frequencies of the robot arm. According to the results, as the fluid velocity increases, the inertial forces increase and cannot be ignored. The vibrations amplitude of the system increases abruptly at higher fluid velocity, and the oscillations of the system stabilize. When the nondimentional velocity of the fluid is equal to 2, the amplitude of the stable oscillations is equal to 0.2 of the thickness of the arm, which is higher than the amplitude of free vibrations. This range of fluid velocity is known as the lock-in zone.