bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ischemic stroke: a rare complication of a large multinodular goiter
Authors: Camacho Yudi , Jamal Yusra , Wang Andy , Chiarolanzio Patrick , Goswami Gayotri 
Published: June 2022

Summary
Mass effect from a goiter is a serious complication with potentially life-threatening consequences. In rare instances, a goiter can compress nearby vessels, compromising cerebral blood flow, which can lead to an ischemic stroke. Ischemic strokes generally occur due to atherogenic or embolic phenomenon, albeit a rare etiology can be due to a mechanical obstruction of great vessels of the neck that provide blood supply to the brain. An unusual example of a similar obstruction is the mass effect of an expansive goiter on the carotid artery (CA) in the neck. We present a rare case of a 90-year-old female who had a historically untreated goiter for 13 years. She presented with symptoms of acute stroke, including right-sided weakness and dysarthria. CT angiogram of the neck revealed a massively enlarged thyroid gland causing compression and intermittent obstruction of the blood flow in the left common CA. Subsequently, the patient underwent a total thyroidectomy. Postoperatively, she had a remarkable recovery of her symptoms of right-sided weakness and dysarthria. Acknowledging stroke as a grave mechanical complication of a large multinodular goiter is crucial for timely and appropriate management to avoid serious consequences.

Learning points

The natural history of euthyroid multinodular goiters include abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, which results in local compression of structures in the neck causing neurovascular injury.

Timely diagnosis and surgical management of an enlarging goiter compressing the CA can reduce morbidity from an ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a rare and dangerous complication of a giant multinodular goiter.
Current View on the Use of Extracorporeal Detoxification Methods for the Treatment of Rhabdomyolysis (Review)
Authors: Masolitin S. V. , Protsenko D. N. , Tyurin I. N. , Mamontova O. A. , Magomedov M. A. 
Published: June 2022

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome caused by destruction and necrosis of muscle tissue, which is accompanied by the release of intracellular contents into the systemic circulation. The etiology of rhabdomyolysis is multifaceted, however, regardless of the etiological factor, the central element of its pathophysiology is systemic endotoxemia with multiple organ failure syndrome. Acute renal failure is one of the most common manifestations of organ dysfunction. Considering the pathogenetic model of the development of systemic endotoxemia, the timely use of extracorporeal therapy, which reduces mortality in organ failure, seems promising. All the current types of extracorporeal therapy can be divided into convection (hemofiltration), diffusion (hemodialysis), convection/diffusion (hemodiafiltration), sorption (hemoperfusion) and plasma exchange (plasmapheresis, plasma exchange, plasma sorption, etc.) methods based on physical principle.The aim of the reviewwas to summarize the available clinical data on extracorporeal treatments for rhabdomyolysis and to assess the feasibility and best indications for these methods based on the current pathogenetic model of rhabdomyolysis.Material and methods.The search for information was carried out in the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, RSCI, E-library and other databases. Eighty-one sources were identified containing current therapeutic approaches and relevant data of clinical and scientific research on the subject of this review.Results.In this review, the main etiological, epidemiological and pathogenetic models of acute renal injury in rhabdomyolysis have been discussed. The main methods of extracorporeal therapy have been reviewed and evaluated based on current understanding, and latest clinical data on their effectiveness have been summarized.Conclusion.The choice of the optimal extracorporeal treatment method, the time of initiation and duration of the procedure still remain controversial. The solution to this issue can potentially help to better correct the electrolyte disturbances and could protect against organ dysfunction, which would improve the outcome in patients with rhabdomyolysis.
Kritik Narasi Sejarah Terhadap Sosok Alauddin Khalji Dalam Film Padmaavat
Authors: Setyorini Fitri Sari 
Published: June 2022

Tulisan ini terutama untuk menjawab tiga persoalan. Pertama, bagaimana penggambaran Sultan Alauddin Khalji dalam film Padmaavat. Kedua, bagaimana sumber-sumber sejarah India mencatat tentang sosok Alauddin Khalji. Ketiga, bagaimana analisis perbandingan Alauddin Khalji dalam film dan dari data sejarah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan rekonstruksi sejarah secara menyeluruh terhadap sosok Alauddin Khalji berdasarkan fakta sejarah secara ilmiah sehingga dapat menampilkan narasi yang objektif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kepustakaan dan sinematografi serta menggunakan pendekatan dan metode sejarah dalam analisisnya. Analisa digunakan dalam mengurai dan menyatukan fakta-fakta sejarah yang bersifat fragmentaris menjadi satu kesatuan yang utuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rani Padmini atau Padmaavat yang terdapat dalam film maupun di dalam karya sastra Malik Muhammad Jayasi adalah tokoh fiktif. Karya sastra tidak bisa dijadikan sebagai sumber sejarah karena di dalamnya terdapat imajinasi tak terbatas dan interpretasi dari sastrawan, namun peristiwa sejarah baik tokoh, tempat, waktu dan peristiwanya dapat dijadikan sebagai latar belakang dalam karya sastra. Sementara proses adaptasi dari karya sastra ke dalam film merupakan salah satu perwujudan kemajuan di dalam seni pertunjukkan. Apa yang terdapat dalam film tidak harus sama persis dalam karya sastra maupun peristiwa sejarah. Sutradara memiliki kewenangan dalam memahami, mengembangkan, dan mengimprovisasi tema yang ia angkat.
PELARANGAN DAN PERJUANGAN: PEMAKAIAN JILBAB PELAJAR PUTRI PADA MASA ORDE BARU TAHUN 1982-1991
Authors: Nuraeni Leni , Nuraeni Leni , Gumilar Setia 
Published: June 2022

Jilbab merupakan baju kurung atau penutup kepala yang lapang dan dapat menutupi aurat perempuan kecuali wajah. Di Indonesia jilbab mulai populer dan digunakan oleh masyarakat khususnya para pelajar pada tahun 80an. Pemakaian jilbab dikalangan pelajar tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya gerakan-gerakan dakwah seperti yang terjadi di Mesjid Salman ITB dalam bentuk pelatihan LMD, SII, dan sebagainya. Maraknya pemakaian jilbab pada masa pemerintahan Orde Baru tahun 1982-1991 menimbulkan tantangan dan perjuangan bagi para pelajar, karena bertentangan dengan kebijakan pemerintah. Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut, arah penulisan dalam artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan Pelarangan dan Perjuangan Pemakaian Jilbab Bagi Kalangan Pelajar pada Masa Orde Baru Tahun 1982-1991. Pengumpulan data mengenai tema tersebut dilakukan melalui penelusuran literature. Temuan-temuannya yaitu berupa polemik yang terjadi antara para pelajar dan sekolah-sekolah negeri. Para pelajar memakai jilbab ke sekolah telah melanggar SK 052/C/Kep/D.1982. Polemik pemakaian jilbab tersebut tidak bisa dilepaskan dari hubungan antara umat Islam dan pemerintah Orde Baru. Dimana pada masa itu pemerintah banyak mencurigai umat Islam. Namun, diakhir pemerintahannya, pemerintah Orde Baru mendekati dan mengakomodasi Islam. Kebijakan mengenai seragam sekolah diperbaharuhi hingga di keluarkanlah SK No. 100/C/Kep/D/1991 yang memperbolehkan para pelajar memakai jilbab ke sekolah. Keluarnya SK 100, selain disebabkan oleh akomodasi pemerintah terhadap Islam, tetapi juga adanya upaya penyelesaian dari beberapa Organisasi-organisasi Massa dan MUI.
Systematic Exploration of Larger Local Search Neighborhoods for the Minimum Vertex Cover Problem
Authors: Katzmann Maximilian , Komusiewicz Christian 
Published: June 2022

We investigate the potential of exhaustively exploring larger neighborhoods in local search algorithms for Minimum Vertex Cover. More precisely, we study whether, for moderate values of k, it is feasible and worthwhile to determine, given a graph G with vertex cover C, if there is a k-swap S such that (C ∖ S) ∪ (S ∖ C) is a smaller vertex cover of G. First, we describe an algorithm running in ∆O(k) ⋅ n time for searching the k-swap neighborhood on n-vertex graphs with maximum degree ∆. Then, we demonstrate that, by devising additional pruning rules that decrease the size of the search space, this algorithm can be implemented so that it solves the problem quickly for k ≈ 20. Finally, we show that it is worthwhile to consider moderately-sized k-swap neighborhoods. For our benchmark data set, we show that when combining our algorithm with a hill-climbing approach, the solution quality improves quickly with the radius k of the local search neighborhood and that in most cases optimal solutions can be found by setting k=21.
Logical Filtering and Smoothing: State Estimation in Partially Observable Domains
Authors: Mombourquette Brent , Muise Christian , McIlraith Sheila 
Published: June 2022

State estimation is the task of estimating the state of a partially observable dynamical system given a sequence of executed actions and observations. In logical settings, state estimation can be realized via logical filtering, which is exact but can be intractable. We propose logical smoothing, a form of backwards reasoning that works in concert with approximated logical filtering to refine past beliefs in light of new observations. We characterize the notion of logical smoothing together with an algorithm for backwards-forwards state estimation. We also present an approximation of our smoothing algorithm that is space efficient. We prove properties of our algorithms, and experimentally demonstrate their behaviour, contrasting them with state estimation methods for planning. Smoothing and backwards-forwards reasoning are important techniques for reasoning about partially observable dynamical systems, introducing the logical analogue of effective techniques from control theory and dynamic programming.
Clustering Small Samples With Quality Guarantees: Adaptivity With One2all PPS
Authors: Cohen Edith , Chechik Shiri , Kaplan Haim 
Published: June 2022

Clustering of data points is a fundamental tool in data analysis. We consider points X in a relaxed metric space, where the triangle inequality holds within a constant factor. A clustering of X is a partition of X defined by a set of points Q(centroids), according to the closest centroid. The cost of clustering X by Q is V(Q)= ∑x ∈ X dxQ. This formulation generalizes classic k-means clustering, which uses squared distances. Two basic tasks, parametrized by k ≥ 1, are cost estimation, which returns (approximate) V(Q) for queries Q such that |Q| = k and clustering, which returns an (approximate) minimizer of V(Q) of size |Q|= k. When the data set X is very large, we seek efficient constructions of small samples that can act as surrogates for performing these tasks. Existing constructions that provide quality guarantees, however, are either worst-case, and unable to benefit from structure of real data sets, or make explicit strong assumptions on the structure. We show here how to avoid both these pitfalls using adaptive designs. The core of our design are the novel one2all probabilities, computed for a set M of centroids and α ≥ 1: The clustering cost of each Q with cost V(Q) ≥ V(M)/α can be estimated well from a sample of size O(α |M| ε-2). For cost estimation, we apply one2all with a bicriteria approximate M, while adaptively balancing |M| and α to optimize sample size per quality. For clustering, we present a wrapper that adaptively applies a base clustering algorithm to a sample S, using the smallest sample that provides the desired statistical guarantees on quality. We demonstrate experimentally the huge gains of using our adaptive instead of worst-case methods.
Susceptibility to Vancomycin of Biofilm Producing Staphylococci Isolated from Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Manandhar Sarita , Tuladhar Ratna , Shrestha Raju , Lekhak Sunil , Chaudhary Mahesh , Prajapati Krishna 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Methicillin resistance and biofilm-producing Staphylococci are emerging as multidrug-resistant strains narrowing the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy. Although vancomycin is used as the drug of choice to treat such isolates, different studies worldwide have documented the emergence of strains that are intermediately susceptible or resistant to this antibiotic.
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin to methicillin-resistant and biofilm-producing staphylococci isolated from different clinical specimens.
METHODS: 375 staphylococci isolated from different clinical specimens over one year were included in the study. Biofilm formation was determined by the Tissue culture plate method (TCP), and ica genes were identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Antibiotic susceptibility and methicillin resistance were done following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin in all isolates was determined by the agar dilution method.
RESULTS: Among 375 Staphylococci studied, 43% and 57% represented S. aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CNS), respectively. The rate of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) were 81.4% and 66.8% respectively and determined by the disc diffusion method. The most potential antibiotics were tetracycline and chloramphenicol showing sensitivity to more than 90% isolates. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value of oxacillin for staphylococci ranged from 0.125-32 μg/ml. Oxacillin agar diffusion method showed 51.6% and 79.9% isolates as MRSA and MRCNS, respectively, revealing a very high percentage of S. aureus and CNS isolates as methicillin-resistant. All isolates had susceptible vancomycin MICs that ranged from 0.125-2 μg/ml. Two S. aureus isolated from Central Venous Catheter (CVC) and catheter specimens were detected with intermediate susceptibility to vancomycin. Similarly, three CNS isolated from blood, CVC, and wound/pus (w/p) were intermediately susceptible to vancomycin. Strong biofilm formation was observed in 22.1% of clinical isolates, and the ica gene was detected among 22.9% of isolates. Only one S. aureus detected as a biofilm producer by the TCP method was found to have intermediate susceptibility to vancomycin.
CONCLUSIONS: The increment in vancomycin MIC among methicillin-resistant and biofilm-producing staphylococci is alarming. Strict control measures to prevent methicillin-resistant isolates spread and routine surveillance for vancomycin-resistant isolates must be incorporated in hospitals to prevent antimicrobial treatment failure.
Złożoność koncepcji przepisów porządkowych w kanonicznym porządku prawnym w świetle definicji zawartej w kan. 95 § 1 Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Dzierżon Ginter 
Published: June 2022

W zaprezentowanym opracowaniu jego tytuł nie został przez Autora określony apriorycznie. Z jednej strony mając na uwadze postulat jednego z konsultorów biorących udział w pracach kodyfikacyjnych, zgodnie z którym przyszła regulacja winna zawierać definicję przepisów porządkowych oraz określić ich walor w kanonicznym porządku prawnym, z drugiej zaś badając elementy składowe definicji ujętej w kan. 95 § 1 oraz zagadnienia poboczne związanych z tą kategorią aktów (przepisy porządkowe a statuty) wykazał, iż kanoniczna koncepcja przepisów porządkowych ma charakter złożony, wykraczając poza ramy definicji. W kanonicznym porządku prawnym bowiem funkcjonują nie tylko przepisy w znaczeniu kan. 95 § 1, ale także regulaminy.
Wskazał też, iż w obowiązującej regulacji nie odniesiono się do kwestii waloru przepisów porządkowych. Zdaniem Autora taka sytuacja wynika z faktu, iż koncepcja przepisów porządkowych jest zbyt złożona (ustawy, akty administracyjne), aby dało się ją ująć w formie normy o charakterze generalnym. Według Autora zaistniały stan jeszcze bardziej komplikuje fakt, iż w systemie kanonicznym funkcjonują też przepisy porządkowe zgromadzeń grup nieformalnych, których moc zobowiązująca ma charakter jedynie moralny.
Postmodern Elements in Katsuhiro Ōtomo’s Akira (1988)
Authors: Debnath Kunal , Kumar Nagendra 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of the Study: This research paper intends to unravel and examine the postmodern elements in Katsuhiro Ōtomo’s anime film Akira (1988). This paper aims to analyze and critically study the postmodern elements as evident in the film and add more knowledge to the existing critical studies available on the film.
Methodology: The primary text for this research is Katsuhiro Ōtomo’s anime film Akira (1988). Close textual analysis has been applied to analyze the text in view of the characteristics of postmodernism. The text is read in terms of postmodernism’s traits.
Main Findings: Akira symbolically summarizes thoughts, ideas, and movements in post-WWII Japan. The film references many disaster texts from the repertoire of Japanese literature, cinema, and popular culture. The film exemplifies many postmodern traits such as discontinuity, pastiche, schizophrenia, hyperreality, cyberpunk, posthumanism, the cyborg et cetera.
Application of the Study: This study will be beneficial to those who are pursuing research on anime and manga studies, cultural studies, popular culture, and postmodernism. Furthermore, this research will add more knowledge to the existing literature available on this anime film.
Novelty/Originality of the Study: Ōtomo’s film Akira has evoked critical studies from a variety of critics and disciplines. However, a broader critical overview of the film’s postmodernism has always been lacking in the critical studies available on the film. Moreover, some specific issues such as posthumanism, the cyborg, postmodern paradoxes, glocalization et cetera have been overlooked by the critics. Therefore, this study will try to fill in the gaps of the previous studies.
Evaluation of university students in terms of psychological health brought about by technology
Authors: Bakhtygalievna Imanbekova Gulbarshin , Rizabekovna Yermentayeva Ardakh , Kabidollaevna Bodauova Baktygul , Tokanovna Zhairgazina Nurgul , Abulkhakovna Bolsynbekova  Gulnara 
Published: June 2022

Throughout history, society and technology have always in-teracted with each other. It has emerged as a result of development-opments in information and communication technologies (ICT), which is called the Information Revolution in the world. The modern society has been replaced by the information society. The use of the internet, which has become one of the indispensable habits of our age thanks to the developing technologies in the information society, facilitates our lives in many areas such as our daily life, business and education life. In addition to many advantages such as saving time by provid-ing fast communication, reaching sufficient and satisfying in-formation, shortening distances, this technological phenome-non, which brings with it many sociological and psychological negativities when not used consciously, has become more con-troversial in recent years. In this research, it is aimed to determine the opinions of university students in terms of psycho-logical health, one of the disadvantages brought by technology. As a result of the findings obtained from this study, which was conducted with 82 students in the 2021-2022 fall semester, it was concluded that the students are dependent on the use of technological equipment, the duration of use is quite high, and they will not quit even if they know that they will become psychologically ill.

Keywords: psychology, technology, university student, adult, technological tool, health
ABOUT CONSTRUCTIVE FEATURES OF DEVISES FOR PRODUCING ICE IN ICICILS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Pukhovoy І. , Postolenko A. , Petrechuk A. 
Published: June 2022

The paper describes the results of research of icicles formation and growth on wire nozzles when water is sprinkling with a striking on a hard surface and (or) use a nozzle for spraying water at ambient temperatures of outside air -3 ... -7 °C. The studies were carried out on wires with a diameter of 3 mm and 0.5 mm with a distance between the nozzles of 10 mm and 29 mm, respectively. Dependences of the ice mass calculating, assigned to one meter of the nozzle and the temperature difference in 1 °C on time, were obtained. The icicles growth process on horizontal nozzles in time has been studied. Values of the growth rate were obtained: in the direction of the radius was 0.3 mm per 1 °C and the elongation rate was about 1 mm per hour at an ambient temperature of -5 °C. The maximum length of icicles depends on the distance between the nozzles. The free section for air flowing is blocked by ice after a while, and the water supply to the icicles is blocked. The required distances between the parallel nozzles are calculated for different air temperatures. Distances between the parallel nozzles have to be extended for increasing section for air flowing if water crystallization heat is used for ventilation systems or heat pumps.
The average thermal power of the installation with wire horizontal nozzles, which can be used to heat the air by the heat of water crystallization, has been determined. The average thermal power increases over time, which is associated with increasing heat exchange surface and part of the formed ice from the water that has fallen on the surface of the packing. For the first 30 min. of work, the average value of the share of formed ice is 8%. After 7 hours. work, up to 28% of the water falling on the nozzles turns into ice. From 1 to 4 kW of average thermal power can be got at air temperatures of –5…-10 ° С of the area from 1 m2 of ​​the nozzles. The specified air heater does not require significant investment, consumes a minimum amount of electricity, does not require human labor to remove the finished product, and can be mechanized and automated. To increase the number of nozzles without the growth of adjacent rows, it is proposed to place the nozzles in a checkerboard pattern
VERIFICATION OF SIMILARITY AND SIMILARITY OF DAILY SCHEDULES OF ELECTRIC LOADING OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Voloshko A.V. , Bederak J.S. , Shevchuk V.V 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study in this paper is based on a detailed analysis of various mathematical and statistical methods for determining the similarity and uniformity of daily schedules of electrical load to form an approach to solving several important tasks. Namely, method of forming a static sample of complex load measurement data for the same included composition of single electrical receivers, selection of the optimum declared schedule of electric loading at purchase of the electric power on "Energorinka", as well as solving other similar tasks, all this in general requires effective clustering of graphs.
Due to the fact that daily schedules of electrical load are divided into working days, pre-weekend, pre-holiday and weekend in this paper it is proposed to express the data of electric load graphs in Cartesian or polar coordinates. This allowed us to record the difference between the daily schedule of electrical load on normal working days from the day before.
The efficiency of application of these methods of search of identical and similar daily schedules of electric loading was analyzed by allocation of several basic types of similarity of time series, similar: in time, on the form, on structure.
It is shown that the calculation of the Euclidean distance allows to determine the uniformity of daily load graphs. And phase analysis is their similarity. The most acceptable method is to determine the correlation coefficient, which reveals the similarity and similarity of daily schedules of electrical load.