bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life in the cirrhosis registry during the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown in Slovakia
Authors: Skladaný Ľubomír , Líška Dávid , Liptáková Erika , Tapajčiková Tatiana , Vnenčaková Janka , Koller Tomáš 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Liver cirrhosis is associated with a poor quality of life (QOL). The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic has led to several restriction measures and psychosocial consequences whose impact on QOL has combined with that of cirrhosis in an unknown way. Therefore, we have used our cirrhosis registry to assess quality of life before the pandemic (at the first admission to the tertiary liver unit) and during the most pronounced phase of the first lockdown. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted during the first lockdown in Slovakia (from April to May 2020), we have repeated the QOL measurement of QOL in cirrhotic patients previously enrolled in the RH7 registry. Of the entire RH7 cohort, we have identified patients who were alive (according to the national registry of deaths) and contacted them by phone with a structured and standardized interview led by trained professionals. The tool used for both QOL measurements (at enrolment to RH7 and during the lockdown) was standardized and validated EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) questionnaire. Results: The study included 97 patients, of which 37 (38.1%) were women and 60 (61.9%) were men. Responses were achieved from 75 patients (68,18%). In general, patients have scored their quality of life significantly higher during the pandemic compared to examination at admission to RH7 (that is, on admission to our tertiary liver unit with cirrhosis) (p = 0.005). In particular, of the domains included in EQ-5D, I.) self-care was better during lockdown compared to the first record on admission to RH7 (p<0.001); II.) the ability to perform daily activities has also improved during lockdown (p = 0.002); on the other hand, III.) pain and discomfort have not changed significantly during lockdown compared with previous measurement (p = 0.882), IV.) anxiety and depression were lower during lockdown compared to admission to RH7 (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis was better during the lockdown of SARS-CoV-2 compared to the previous measurement at admission to the tertiary liver unit.
Time Outdoors Positively Associates with Academic Performance: A School-based Study with Objective Monitoring of Outdoor Time
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Sankaridurg Padmaja , Naduvilath Thomas , Li Wayne , Morgan Ian G. , Rose Kathryn A. , GD Rebecca Weng , Xu Xun , He Xiangui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the relationship between outdoor time and academic performance among school-aged children.
Methods
This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. Data were derived from a school-based prospective children myopia intervention study (STORM). Outdoor time was recorded by self-developed algorithm-validated wristwatches in real-time and calculated as the cumulative average of 10 months. The academic performance was recorded and provided by the participating schools and further standardized. Other information was collected using an online standardized questionnaire. Mixed-effects model and B-Spline method were used to investigate the association between time spent on different types of daily activity, including outdoor activity and academic performance.
Results
A total of 3291 children with mean age 9.25 years were included in the final analysis. Overall, outdoor time was associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner; specifically, not exceeding 2.3 hours per day, outdoor time was positively associated with academic performance; exceeding 2.3 hours per day, this association became non-significant. Likewise, daily sleep duration and out-of-school learning time were associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner, resulting in turning points of 11.3 and 1.4 hours per day, respectively. Separate analysis showed that outdoor time and sleep duration but not out-of-school learning time were positively associated with academic performance in Chinese, mathematics and English.
Conclusion
Outdoor time, sleep duration and out-of-school learning time were associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner. Promotion of outdoor time may not negatively impact on academic performance.
An evaluation of the spatial rationality of provincial territory: A case study of Gansu province
Authors: Wang Jinxiang , Liu Hao , Liu Panliang , Chang Guohua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In China, utilization and evaluation of territorial space have become national strategic issues. Evaluating the rationality of urban, ecological, and agricultural space is significant in the development of territorial space and provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of provincial territorial space. The strategic positioning of Gansu Province as a national ecological environment safety barrier is significant to the protection of the ecological environment of northwest China. This study used the entropy method to evaluate the rationality of territorial space development in 14 cities in Gansu Province in 2019, using 50 indicators of urban, ecological, and agricultural space. Results reveal that in the evaluation of these three spaces, the most important influencing indicators are water supply penetration rate, proportion of desert area, and proportion of agricultural population, respectively. In the total evaluation of territorial space rationality, Qingyang City was the best. In Gansu, cities with the best territorial spatial conditions are concentrated in the east, whereas those with poor territorial spatial environmental security are located in central Gansu and the Hexi Corridor. Collectively, these findings suggest the equity and rationality of urban, ecological, and agricultural space in territorial space should be considered in urban planning strategies.
Pulse electron-electron double resonance (PELDOR) analysis on a quantum computer
Authors: Protasov S. I. , Zaripov R. B. , Khairutdinov I. T. , Salikhov K. M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Quantum processing units (QPU) in theory propose a computational supremacy in a significant number of tasks. Quantum programs are well suited for vector and matrix data processing. The greatest concern is whether physical implementations will step over the noise and decoherence limitations: today in the NISQ (noisy intermediate-scale quantum) era the bigger the problem, the less reliable the results are. In this work we show that even NISQ computers can be used to obtain reliable results in processing experimental data. We perform quantum Fourier transform (QFT) of PELDOR oscillation at IonQ trapped ion QPU followed by spin labels distance measurement by analysis of oscillation data. For 4 and 5-qubit programs we show the results comparable to Fourier analysis on a classical computer.
SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections induce somatically hypermutated broadly neutralizing antibodies against heterologous variants
Authors: Xiong Xiaoli , Yu Haisheng , Wang Yaping , Shi Jingrong , Feng Chengqian , Tang Guofang , Li Jiaojiao , Hu Fengyu , Guo Liliangzi , Li Feng , Tang Xiaoping , Liu Banghui , Chen Qiuluan , Li Zimu , Su Mengzhen , Yan Qihong , Chen Xinwen , Pei Rongjuan , ZHANG Yudi , Wang Qian , HU Peiyu , Zheng Pingqian , Chen Ling , Gao Xijie , He Jun , Xiang Haitao , Xie Caixia , Shi Quan , Liu Longqi , Liu Xiaopan , Lin Xiumei , Liu Chuanyu , Huang Yalin , Yang Naibo , Wang Meiniang , Peng Xiaofang , Liang Dan , Ke Bixia , Ke Changwen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants feature highly mutated spike proteins with extraordinary abilities in evading acute-infection-induced germline antibodies isolated earlier in the pandemic. We identified that memory B cells from Delta variant breakthrough-infection patients expressed antibodies with more extensive somatic hypermutations (SHMs) allowing isolation of a number of broadly neutralizing antibodies with activities against heterologous variants of concerns (VOCs) including Omicron variant. Structural studies identified that SHM introduced altered amino acids and highly unusual HCDR2 insertions respectively in two representative broadly neutralizing antibodies - YB9-258 and YB13-292. Previously, insertion/deletion were rarely reported for antiviral antibodies except for those induced by HIV-1 chronic infections. Identified SHMs involved heavily in epitope recognition, they broadened neutralization breadth by rendering antibodies resistant to VOC mutations highly detrimental to previously isolated antibodies targeting similar epitopes. These data provide molecular mechanisms for enhanced immunity to heterologous SARS-CoV-2 variants after repeated antigen exposures with implications for future vaccination strategy.
Fitted Computational Method for Solving Singularly Perturbed Small Time Lag Problem
Authors: Tesfaye Sisay Ketema , Woldaregay Mesfin Mekuria , Dinka Tekle Gemechu , Duressa Gemechis File 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives: An accurate exponential fitted numerical method is developed to solve singularly perturbed time lag problem. Solution of the problem exhibits a boundary layer as the perturbation parameter approach to zero. A priori bounds and properties on the continuous solution is discussed. Result: The backward-Euler method is applied in time direction and higher order finite difference method is employed to the spatial derivative approximation. An exponential fitting factor is induced on the difference scheme for stabilizing the computed solution. Using comparison principle, stability of the method is examined and analyzed. It is proved that the method converges uniformly with linear order of convergence both in space and time. To validate theoretical findings of the scheme, two test examples are given. Comparison is employed with the result available in the literature and it indicates that the proposed method has better accuracy than the schemes in literature.
Increasing Sequential Tropical Cyclone Hazards from Historical to Future Climates in the U.S. East and Gulf Coasts
Authors: Xi Dazhi , Lin Ning , Gori Avantika 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Sequential landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) pose great risks to coastal areas. Here we find that the chance of two hazard-producing TCs occurring within 15 days has been increasing at some U.S. locations (e.g., the probability doubled over the past 7 decades for Sandy Hook, NJ). We show that under the high emission scenario SSP5 8.5, the return period of two hazard-producing TCs impacting the same location within 15 days may decrease over the century by 80%-94% along the U.S. East and Gulf Coasts, due mainly to sea-level rise and rainfall intensification. Climate change can also cause unprecedented spatial compounding of extreme hazards. A Katrina-like TC and a Harvey-like TC impacting the U.S, within 15 days, which is non-existent in the control simulation for over a thousand years, is projected to have an annual occurrence probability greater than 1% by the end of the century under the high emission scenario.
Study of Elastic and Dielectric Properties of Nb2O5 doped Nanocrystalline NiCuZn Spinel Ferrite
Authors: Patil A D , Hogade Vilas S , Desai S S , Jadhav Santosh S. , Patange Sunil Mukundrao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The influence of Nb2O5 additive (0 − 5 wt. %) on elastic and dielectric properties of Ni0.4Cu0.3 Zn0.3 Fe2O4 ferrite synthesized by the sol–gel method was studied in the present study. The longitudinal and shear wave velocities were measured by ultrasonic pulse transmission method. The elastic constants increased as the Nb2O5 contents increased. LCR-Q meter was used to study the dielectric properties in 50 Hz to 5 MHz frequency range. The dielectric parameters such as dielectric constant (ɛ′) and dielectric loss tangents were decreased with increased frequency and Nb2O5 additive composition for all investigated samples at room temperature revealing normal dielectric behavior of ferrites. The variations in the dielectric constant (ɛ′) and dielectric loss tangents values were explained using Maxwell–Wagner interfacial polarization according to Koops phenomenological theory. Also, there is increase in the AC conductivity was increased with an increase in the frequency whereas reduction in AC conductivity with the rise in concentration of Nb2O5 additive.
CD4+ T cell-induced inflammatory killing controls immune evasive tumours
Authors: Tüting Thomas , Kruse Bastian , Buzzai Anthony , Shridhar Naveen , Braun Andreas , Gellert Susan , Knauth Kristin , Peters Johannes , Ruotsalainen Janne , Mengoni Miriam , Sluis Tetje van der , Krone Anna , Yu Di , Höhn Simon , Fu Yan , Essand Magnus , Geffers Robert , Mougiakakos Dimitrios , Kahlfuß Sascha , Kashkar Hamid , Gaffal Evelyn , Kastenmüller Wolfgang , Müller Andreas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Current clinically applied cancer immunotherapies largely focus on the ability of CD8+ cytolytic T-cells to directly recognise and kill tumour cells1–3. These strategies are limited by the emergence of MHC-I-deficient or IFN-unresponsive tumour cells and the development of an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment4–6. CD4+ effector T-cells can contribute to tumour immune defence independent of CD8+ T-cells. However, the potential and the mechanisms of CD4+ T-cell-mediated anti-tumour immunity are incompletely understood7–12. Here, we show how an indirect CD4+ T-cell-mediated mode of action, that is fundamentally different from CD8+ T-cells, enables the eradication of tumours that would otherwise escape direct T-cell targeting. CD4+ effector T-cells preferentially cluster at tumour invasive margins where they engage in antigen-specific interactions with MHC-II+CD11c+ cells, while CD8+ T-cells briskly infiltrate tumour tissues. CD4+ T-cells and innate immune stimulation reprogram the tumour-associated inflammatory monocyte network towards IFN-activated antigen-presenting and tumouricidal effector phenotypes. This results in an amplification loop driving the release of T-cell-derived IFNγ and myeloid cell-derived nitric oxide which cooperatively induce apoptotic death of MHC-deficient and IFN-unresponsive tumour cells that escape cytolytic CD8+ T-cell therapy. Exploiting the ability of CD4+ T-cells to orchestrate indirect inflammatory killing of tumour cells complements the direct cytolytic activity of T-cells to advance cancer immunotherapies.
The effect of inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinase AXL on DNA damage response in ovarian cancer
Authors: Huang Ruby Yun-Ju , Yeo Xun Hui , Wu Zhengwei , Phua Cheryl , Ho Yin Ying , Peh Kai Lay Esther , Chiu Yi-Chia , Kappei Dennis , Ho Ying Swan , Tam Wai Leong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
AXL is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is often overexpressed in cancers. It contributes to pathophysiology in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance, making it an emerging therapeutic target. The first-in-class AXL inhibitor bemcentinib (R428/BGB324) was approved for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and was also reported to show selective sensitivity towards ovarian cancers (OC) with a Mesenchymal molecular subtype. In this study, we further explored AXL’s role in mediating DNA damage responses by using OC as a disease model. AXL inhibition using R428 resulted in the increase of DNA damage with the concurrent upregulation of DNA damage response signalling molecules. Furthermore, AXL inhibition rendered cells more sensitive to the inhibition of ATR, a crucial mediator for replication stress. Combinatory use of AXL and ATR inhibitors showed additive effects in OC. Through SILAC co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry, we identified a novel binding partner of AXL, SAM68, whose loss in OC cells harboured phenotypes in DNA damage responses similar to AXL inhibition. In addition, AXL- and SAM68-deficiency or R428 treatment induced elevated levels of cholesterol and upregulated genes in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. There might be a novel protective role of cholesterol in shielding cancer cells against DNA damage induced by AXL inhibition or SMA68 deficiency.
Is ADHD warning justified? A follow-up clinical practice study in a Spanish sample
Authors: Suárez M. Eugenia de la Viuda , Lorenzo Julio Cesar Alonso , Soriano Carmen Luciano 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
ADHD is described as a chronic condition with associated social, academic, and mental risks. The present work analyses the current clinical state, occupation, and daily life interference of children detected with ADHD symptoms in two cohorts (2004 and 2009).
Methods
134 clinical subjects with ADHD diagnosis detected in 2004 or 2009, were asked to run voluntary interviews. Ninety-four (94) cases answered questions about their current clinical and occupational statement, symptoms (SNAP-IV), and difficulties (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire).
Results
60.70% of the sample has no current treatment. Rates for inattention and hyperactive/impulsivity symptoms subsets went down. A total of 66.2% shows current difficulties but with a moderate interference in their daily life. The working/academic dimension is the most affected sphere in terms of impairment.
Conclusions
hyperactive/impulsivity subset and global ADHD rates go down as people grow up. Even if patients retain some difficulties, these are not serious enough for forcing them into clinical treatment. Main points in Public Health Significance are the followings: (a) these results question ADHD chronicity and higher risk of mental conditions in adulthood. Hyperactive and impulsivity, inattention, and global ADHD symptoms remain in one-third of the sample after 5 or 10 years after the diagnosis, (b) the higher risk of mental disorders and academic failure should be also questioned as most of the sample did not receive any treatment for a psychological condition after 5 or 10 years of ADHD diagnosis and most of them had a productive occupation at the follow-up moment, (c) ADHD rates are were higher when they are assessed by a relative caregiver. This might be linked with a possible cultural “psychopathologization” of childhood.
Nonstationarity in global hydrological systems: Evidence-based on GRACE satellite gravimetry missions
Authors: Hasan Emad , Tamisiea Mark , Save Himanshu , Bettadpur Srinivas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change signature has been detected in several Earth’s systems as a manifestation of the warming atmosphere and oceans that led to significant changes in the global water cycle. As a result, the hydrological systems display substantial and intermittent shifts in their natural courses with time-variant intra-annual and interannual variability, i.e., nonstationarity. Via GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) and GRACE-FO satellite gravimetry records, we assessed the regional stationarity across 39 hotspot hydrological systems in a global context. Three main nonstationarity tests were applied around the deterministic and periodic components. Distinctively, 38 percent of the tested hotspot regions are identified as nonstationary systems, where a combination of anthropogenic and climatic forcings is dominant. The nonstationary hydrologic systems would be more susceptible to hydrologic extremes with compromised capacities to timely cope, respond, and mitigate. Continuation of satellite gravity missions is crucial to evaluate the (non)stationary status in global hydrologic systems.
Genetic propensity, socioeconomic status, and trajectories of depression over a course of 14 years in older adults
Authors: Kosciuszko Martyna , Steptoe Andrew , Ajnakina Olesya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and is a major contributor to the global burden of disease among older adults. Therefore, the aims of the study were to investigate the interplay between socio-economic markers (education and financial resources) and polygenetic predisposition influencing individual differences in depressive symptoms and their change over time in older adults from the general population, which is of central relevance for preventative strategies. The sample encompassing n = 6202 adults aged ≥ 50 years old with a follow-up period of 14 years was utilised from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Polygenic scores for depressive symptoms were calculated using summary statistics for 1) a single-trait depressive symptoms (PGS-DSsingle), and 2) a multi-trait including depressive symptoms, subjective well-being, neuroticism, loneliness, and self-rated health (PGS-DSmulti-trait). The depressive symptoms over the past week were measured using the eight-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. One standard deviation increase in each PGS was associated with a higher baseline score in depressive symptoms. Each additional year of completed schooling was associated with lower baseline depression symptoms (β=-0.06, 95%CI=-0.07 to -0.05, p < 0.001); intermediate and lower accumulated wealth were associated with a higher baseline score in depressive symptoms. Although there was a weak interaction effect between PGS-DSs, and socio-economic status in association with the baseline depressive symptoms, there were no significant relationships of PGS-DSs, socio-economic factors, and rate of change in the depressive symptoms during the 14-year follow-up period. Common genetic variants for depressive symptoms are associated with a greater number of depressive symptoms onset but not with their rate of change in the following 14 years. Lower socio-economic status is an important factor influencing individual levels of depressive symptoms, independently from polygenic predisposition to depressive symptoms.
Trem2 deficiency impairs recovery and phagocytosis by dysregulating myeloid gene expression during virus induced demyelination
Authors: Hwang Mihyun , Savarin Carine , Kim Jihye , Powers Jennifer , Towne Natasha , Bergmann Cornelia C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2) plays a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases. By contrast, Trem2 functions can exacerbate tissue damage during respiratory viral or liver infections. We therefore investigated the role of Trem2 in a viral encephalomyelitis model associated with prominent Th1 mediated antiviral immunity leading to demyelination.
Method
Wild type (WT) and Trem2−/− mice were infected with a sublethal glia tropic murine coronavirus (MHV-JHM) intracranially. Disease progression and survival were monitored daily. leukocyte accumulation and pathological features including demyelination and axonal damage in spinal cords (SC) were determined by flow cytometry and tissue section immunofluorescence analysis. Expression of select inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was measured by RT-PCR and global myeloid cell gene expression in SC-derived microglia and infiltrated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were determined using the Nanostring nCounter platform.
Results
BMDM recruited to SCs in response to infection highly upregulated Trem2 mRNA compared to microglia coincident with viral control. Trem2 deficiency did not alter disease onset or severity, but impaired clinical recovery after onset of demyelination. Disease progression in Trem2−/− mice could not be attributed to altered virus control or a dysregulated inflammatory response. A prominent difference was increased degenerated myelin not associated with the myeloid cell markers IBA1 and/or CD68. Gene expression profiles of SC-derived microglia and BMDM further revealed that Trem2 deficiency resulted in impaired upregulation of phagocytosis associated genes Lpl and Cd36 in microglia, but a more complex pattern in BMDM.
Conclusions
Trem2 deficiency during viral induced demyelination dysregulates expression of other select genes regulating phagocytic pathways and lipid metabolism, with distinct effects on microglia and BMDM. The ultimate failure to remove damaged myelin is reminiscent of other demyelination models and supports that Trem2 function is mainly regulated by sensing a dysregulated lipid environment, independent of the initial insult or the inflammatory milieu.