bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trendbericht Physikalische Chemie 2022: Reaktionsdynamik lichtgetriebener Reaktionen
Authors: Pannwitz Andrea 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDie Aufklärung von Reaktionsmechanismen ist in der Katalyse wichtig, um die geschwindigkeitsbegrenzende Schritte zu verstehen und zu beschleunigen. Mit maschinellem Lernen lassen dann sich auf Basis der Mechanismen neue Katalysatoren entwickeln. Photochemische Umsetzungen in weichen Membranen folgen einer anderen Kinetik als Reaktionen in Lösung. Mikroschwimmer, Mikromotoren oder Phototaxis zählen zu aktiver Materie. Sie wandeln kontinuierlich Energie aus ihrer Umgebung um und bewegen sich autonom.
Freudenberg: Dichtungen, Filter und Mikrofasern
Authors: Bulmahn Maren 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDer Weinheimer Konzern Freudenberg setzte im Jahr 2021 erstmals mehr als 10 Mio. Euro um. Er will seinen Energiebedarf vollständig etwa mit Strom aus Wind‐, Sonnen‐ und Wasserkraft decken.
Understanding sexual health concerns in women after traumatic pelvic fracture
Authors: Gambrah Helen A. , Hagedorn Judith C. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Johnsen Niels V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionWhile there is a well‐known association between pelvic fracture and sexual dysfunction, few studies discuss the treatment patterns and utilization of healthcare services following injury. Those that do exist pertain to men. How women experience sexual dysfunction after traumatic injury and how they navigate the healthcare system is currently not well documented in the literature. This study aims to understand the prevalence and spectrum of sexual health issues in women after pelvic fracture, and to highlight barriers associated with accessing care for these concerns.Materials and MethodsWomen admitted and treated for traumatic pelvic fractures at a single Level 1 trauma center over a 6‐year period were invited to participate in an electronic cross‐sectional survey. Sexual health issues and care‐seeking behaviors around sexual health were assessed. Inverse probability weighting based on available common data points in the registry was utilized to adjust for nonresponse bias. All data presented are of weighted data unless otherwise specified.ResultsOf the 780 potential subjects, 98 women responded to the survey (12.6% crude response rate). With weighting, 71% of responders were white and 42% had private insurance, with a mean age at the time of injury of 42.2 years (SD 22.4) and median time since the injury of 45 months (interquartile range: 30.0, 57.4). 49.5% stated that sexual function was important to very important to their quality of life, with an additional 25.3% reporting it was moderately important. Of responders, 59.0% (95% confidence interval: 47.1%–71.0%) reported de novo postinjury sexual dysfunction. Specific complaints included dyspareunia (37.1%), difficulty with sexual satisfaction (34.4%), difficulty with sexual desire (31.3%), difficulty with orgasm (26.0%), and genital pain (17.8%). Of those with postinjury sexual dysfunction, 30.4% of women reported spontaneous resolution without treatment. An additional 15.4% indicated that they have continued concerns and desire treatment. Only 11.6% of women stated they had received treatment, all patients with access to insurance. Of those with postinjury sexual dysfunction, 60.8% had sexual health discussions with providers, 83.3% of which were patient‐initiated. Common reasons why patients with sexual dysfunction did not raise the topic of sexual health with providers included embarrassment/fear (23.6%), assuming the issue would resolve with time (23.5%), sexual health not being a health priority (22.4%), and lack of information about the condition or available treatments (19.9%).ConclusionSexual dysfunction is common in women after traumatic pelvic fracture, with patients experiencing dysfunction in multiple domains. Concerns are inadequately addressed in the healthcare setting due to several modifiable barriers at both the patient and provider levels. Standardization in the postinjury recovery period is needed to better address patients' sexual health concerns.
Synthesis and Gas Adsorption Properties of γ ‐Fe2O3 Nanoparticles for Mass‐Type Sensing Application
Authors: Vinh Nguyen Thanh , Van Dang Tran , Hang Bui Thi , Loan To Thanh , Le Anh‐Tuan , Van Quy Nguyen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are prepared by the co‐precipitation method. γ‐Fe2O3 and α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles are obtained by calcining Fe3O4 nanoparticles for 6 h at 200 and 600 °C. The physicochemical properties of the prepared nanoparticles are investigated by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda methods. The gas sensors based on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) coated with Fe3O4, γ‐Fe2O3, and α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles are fabricated and analyzed. The as‐fabricated QCM sensors displayed a high capability for detecting SO2 at room temperature. Among the sensors, the γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles coated QCM sensor exhibited the best response. Moreover, the sensor shows good repeatability and long‐term stability. The correlation between the phase composition of the iron oxide nanoparticles and SO2 sensing performance is also discussed in detail.
CRISPR/Cas9 mediates efficient site‐specific mutagenesis of the odorant receptor co‐receptor (Orco) in the malaria vector Anopheles sinensis
Authors: Wang You , He Xingfei , Qiao Liang , Yu Zhengrong , Chen Bin , He Zhengbo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAnopheles sinensis is the most widely distributed mosquito species and is the main transmitter of Plasmodium vivax malaria in China. Most previous research has focused on the mechanistic understanding of biological processes in An. sinensis and novel ways of interrupting malaria transmission. However, the development of functional genomics and genetics‐based vector control strategies against An. sinensis remain limited because of insufficient site‐specific genome editing tools.RESULTSWe report the first successful application of the CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knock‐in for highly efficient, site‐specific mutagenesis in An. sinensis. The EGFP marker gene driven by the 3 × P3 promoter was precisely integrated into the odorant receptor co‐receptor (Orco) by direct injections of Cas9 protein, double‐stranded DNA donor, and Orco‐gRNA. We achieved a mutation rate of 3.77%, similar to rates in other mosquito species. Precise knock‐in at the intended locus was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing. The Orco mutation severely impaired mosquito sensitivity to some odors and their ability to locate and discriminate a human host.CONCLUSIONOrco was confirmed as a key mediator of multiple olfactory‐driven behaviors in the An. sinensis life cycle, highlighting the importance of Orco as a key molecular target for malaria control. The results also demonstrated that CRISPR/Cas9 was a simple and highly efficient genome editing technique for An. sinensis and could be used to develop genetic control tools for this vector. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comparison of water consumption for the conversion of croplands to orchards in dryland ecosystems
Authors: Zhang Rui , Ma Jinghan , Seki Katsutoshi , Wang Di , Wang Li 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) is the main ecological and soil water consumption process in terrestrial ecosystems. Previous studies have investigated ET partitioning across sites and plants; however, direct comparisons of water consumption before and after the transition from one crop to another are scarce. The variation in and proportion of ET and its subcomponents as well as the change in soil water storage (SWS) were compared in maize (Zea mays L.) croplands and apple (Malus domestica auct. non Borkh. cv. Fuji) orchards in four active (approximately May to September) and three inactive growth periods on the southern Loess Plateau, China. Soil water evaporation (Es) accounted for 36.3 and 37.7% of the total ET for cropland and orchard, respectively, in the active growth period. The canopy interception (Ic) significantly differed between cropland and orchard. The mean Ic/ET for cropland and orchard was 23.1 and 22.7%, respectively, in the active growth period, showing that the effects of Ic on ET partitioning should not be ignored. The mean ratio of transpiration (T) to ET for cropland was 2.8% less than that for orchard during the active growth period. The T/ET of cropland peaked twice in each active growth period. Precipitation (P) met the water consumption requirements of crop growth in the active growth period. The ET of cropland and orchard in the inactive growth period accounted for 29.4 and 31.8% of the ET for the hydrological year, respectively. These results help assess water consumption and soil sustainability under changes in crops in dryland agricultural ecosystems.
Covalent organic framework containing dual redox centers as an efficient anode in Li‐ion batteries
Authors: Tong Yifan , Sun Zhaopeng , Wang Jiawen , Huang Weiwei , Zhang Qichun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) with periodic channels and tunable chemical structures have been widely considered as promising electrode materials in rechargeable batteries. However, the design and construction of high‐performance COFs‐based electrodes still face some challenges in the introduction of multiple efficient redox centers as well as the reduction of dead mass. To address these issues, a unique COF containing double active centers (C═N and N═N) is developed as an anode in rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The as‐prepared COF displays excellent electrochemical performance due to its remarkable structural stability and the existence of many active groups. Meanwhile, its electrochemical performance is significantly better than that of the small molecule compound or the linear polymer with the same construction units. Even at a high current density of 5 A/g, the LIBs with COF electrodes remain at a high discharge capacity of 227 mAh/g after 2000 cycles. Moreover, the distinction in electrochemical performances of these three materials is further revealed by calculation. This study illustrates the importance of molecular structure design for improving the performance of organic electrodes.
The long‐term impact of loneliness and social isolation on depression and anxiety in memory clinic attendees and their care partners: A longitudinal actor–partner interdependence model
Authors: Maharani Asri , Zaidi Syeda Nosheen Zehra , Jury Francine , Vatter Sabina , Hill Derek , Leroi Iracema 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined the long‐term influence of loneliness and social isolation on mental health outcomes in memory assessment service (MAS) attendees and their care partners, with a focus on interdependence and bidirectionality.MethodsLongitudinal data from 95 clinic attendees with cognitive impairment, and their care partners (dyads), from four MAS in the North of England were analyzed. We applied the actor–partner interdependence model, seeking associations within the dyad. At baseline and 12‐month follow‐up, clinic attendees and care partners completed measures of loneliness and social isolation, depression, and anxiety.ResultsSocial isolation at baseline was more prevalent in care partners compared to MAS attendees. Social isolation in MAS attendees was associated with higher anxiety symptoms (β = 0.28, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] = 0.11 to 0.45) in themselves at 12 months. We found significant positive actor and partner effects of loneliness on depression (actor effect: β = 0.36, 95% CIs = 0.19 to 0.53; partner effect: β = 0.23, 95% CIs = 0.06 to 0.40) and anxiety (actor effect: β = 0.39, 95% CIs = 0.23 to 0.55; partner effect: β = 0.22, 95% CIs = 0.05 to 0.39) among MAS attendees 1 year later. Loneliness scores of the care partners have a significant and positive association with depressive (β = 0.36, 95% CIs = 0.19 to 0.53) and anxiety symptoms (β = 0.32, 95% CIs = 0.22 to 0.55) in themselves at 12 months.DiscussionLoneliness and social isolation in MAS clinic attendees had a downstream effect on their own and their care partners’ mental health. This highlights the importance of including care partners in assessments of mental health and social connectedness and expanding the remit of social prescribing in the MAS context.
Usage-Based Automotive Insurance
Authors: Elicegui Ignacio , Carrasco Juan , Escribano Carmen Perea , Gato Jose , Becerra Andrea , Politis Andreas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNowadays, pricing strategies for insured clients are supported on general statistics and driver personnel conditions (historic driver activity, age, gender, and address). Cutting-edge technologies such as IoT, AI, and big data have converted current vehicles on a plethora of available real-world and real-time data, leading to novel alternatives of car insurance policies and services such as personalized enhanced products based on their driving profile and evolved services related to the insured context, driver profile, environment, etc. like fraud detection and accident resolution.
Addressing Risk Assessments in Real-Time for Forex Trading
Authors: Fatouros Georgios , Makridis Georgios , Soldatos John , Ristau Petra , Monferrino Vittorio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRisk assessment is of high importance when it comes to trading, investments, and other financial activities, as poor risk monitoring could lead to inefficient investments, loss of capital, and penalties by regulatory authorities. Thus, robust risk models, capable of yielding real-time results, are valuable assets for investment banking. This chapter introduces a financial tool that can provide risk assessment on Forex portfolios in (near) real-time and pre-trade analysis at rest. Financial risk is measured in terms of both Value at Risk and the Expected Shortfall, with the respective models utilizing not only statistical but also deep learning techniques that achieve accurate results. Moreover, the proposed application, based on state-of-the-art data management technologies, provides real-time risk assessments, utilizing the latest market data. These features along with the provided pre-trade analysis make this solution a valuable tool for practitioners in high frequency trading (HFT) and investment banking in general.
Probing Higgs portals with matrix-element based kinematic discriminants in ZZ → 4ℓ production
Authors: Haisch Ulrich , Koole Gabriël 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A Higgs portal in the form of the operator |H|2 provides a minimal and theoretically motivated link between the Standard Model (SM) and new physics. While Higgs portals can be constrained well by exotic Higgs decays if the beyond-the-SM states are light, testing scenarios where these particles are kinematically inaccessible is known to be challenging. We explore the sensitivity of future hadron collider measurements of ZZ → 4ℓ production in constraining Higgs portal interactions. It is shown that by using a matrix-element based kinematic discriminant the reach of the high-luminosity option of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) can be significantly enhanced compared to studies that are based on measurements of the four-lepton invariant mass spectrum alone. We also analyse the potential of the high-energy upgrade of the LHC and a Future Circular Collider in constraining new physics that couples to |H|2. The obtained constraints are compared to the limits one expects to find from other single-Higgs probes. In addition, we provide an independent analysis of the relevant Higgs portal effects in double-Higgs production. We find that the constraints obtained from our ZZ → 4ℓ analysis turn out to be both competitive with and complementary to the projected limits obtained using other search techniques.
Digital transfer in radiation oncology education for medical students—single-center data and systemic review of the literature
Authors: Oertel Michael , Pepper Niklas Benedikt , Schmitz Martina , Becker Jan Carl , Eich Hans Theodor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Modern medical education demands innovative, competence-orientated concepts. The forced digital transfer of teaching due to the coronavirus pandemic also affected radiation oncology (RO). The following analysis investigates whether the attractivity of RO teaching at our faculty could be maintained during the pandemic and which possibilities exist to involve students (in active learning). The latter aspect is further elaborated on a broader scale by a systemic review of the literature on competence-orientated digital education.

Methods
Evaluation results and participation rates of clinical lectures in radiation oncology (RO) were analyzed between the winter semester 2018/2019 and the summer semester 2021. A systemic review of the literature on digital education in RO for medical students was conducted.

Results
Concerning evaluation results, a significant improvement for the 7th and 9th semesters was observed in comparison between the pre-pandemic and pandemic semesters (p = 0.046 and p = 0.05, respectively). Overall participation rates did not differ. However, the number of students attending > 75% of classes in the respective semester increased significantly between the pre-pandemic and pandemic period (median values: 38 vs. 79%, p = 0.046; 44 vs. 73%, p = 0.05; 45 vs. 64%, p = 0.05; 41 vs. 77%, p = 0.05; 41 vs. 71%, p = 0.05, for the 6th to 10th semester, respectively).

Conclusion
The analysis demonstrates the possibility of efficient digital transfer of a core curriculum in RO to the digital era, with a more continuous participation of students. This transfer may enable amelioration of teaching quality and the introduction of innovative and interactive concepts in accordance with the literature.
Adaptive smoothing spline estimator for the function-on-function linear regression model
Authors: Centofanti Fabio , Lepore Antonio , Menafoglio Alessandra , Palumbo Biagio , Vantini Simone 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an adaptive smoothing spline (AdaSS) estimator for the function-on-function linear regression model where each value of the response, at any domain point, depends on the full trajectory of the predictor. The AdaSS estimator is obtained by the optimization of an objective function with two spatially adaptive penalties, based on initial estimates of the partial derivatives of the regression coefficient function. This allows the proposed estimator to adapt more easily to the true coefficient function over regions of large curvature and not to be undersmoothed over the remaining part of the domain. A novel evolutionary algorithm is developed ad hoc to obtain the optimization tuning parameters. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out to compare the AdaSS estimator with competitors that have already appeared in the literature before. The results show that our proposal mostly outperforms the competitor in terms of estimation and prediction accuracy. Lastly, those advantages are illustrated also in two real-data benchmark examples. The AdaSS estimator is implemented in the package , openly available online on CRAN.
Alzheimer resemblance atrophy index, BrainAGE, and normal pressure hydrocephalus score in the prediction of subtle cognitive decline: added value compared to existing MR imaging markers
Authors: Giannakopoulos Panteleimon , Montandon Marie-Louise , Herrmann François R. , Hedderich Dennis , Gaser Christian , Kellner Elias , Rodriguez Cristelle , Haller Sven 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Established visual brain MRI markers for dementia include hippocampal atrophy (mesio-temporal atrophy MTA), white matter lesions (Fazekas score), and number of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). We assessed whether novel quantitative, artificial intelligence (AI)–based volumetric scores provide additional value in predicting subsequent cognitive decline in elderly controls.

Methods
A prospective study including 80 individuals (46 females, mean age 73.4 ± 3.5 years). 3T MR imaging was performed at baseline. Extensive neuropsychological assessment was performed at baseline and at 4.5-year follow-up. AI-based volumetric scores were derived from 3DT1: Alzheimer Disease Resemblance Atrophy Index (AD-RAI), Brain Age Gap Estimate (BrainAGE), and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) index. Analyses included regression models between cognitive scores and imaging markers.

Results
AD-RAI score at baseline was associated with Corsi (visuospatial memory) decline (10.6% of cognitive variability in multiple regression models). After inclusion of MTA, CMB, and Fazekas scores simultaneously, the AD-RAI score remained as the sole valid predictor of the cognitive outcome explaining 16.7% of its variability. Its percentage reached 21.4% when amyloid positivity was considered an additional explanatory factor. BrainAGE score was associated with Trail Making B (executive functions) decrease (8.5% of cognitive variability). Among the conventional MRI markers, only the Fazekas score at baseline was positively related to the cognitive outcome (8.7% of cognitive variability). The addition of the BrainAGE score as an independent variable significantly increased the percentage of cognitive variability explained by the regression model (from 8.7 to 14%). The addition of amyloid positivity led to a further increase in this percentage reaching 21.8%.

Conclusions
The AI-based AD-RAI index and BrainAGE scores have limited but significant added value in predicting the subsequent cognitive decline in elderly controls when compared to the established visual MRI markers of brain aging, notably MTA, Fazekas score, and number of CMBs.

Key Points
• AD-RAI score at baseline was associated with Corsi score (visuospatial memory) decline.
• BrainAGE score was associated with Trail Making B (executive functions) decrease.
• AD-RAI index and BrainAGE scores have limited but significant added value in predicting the subsequent cognitive decline in elderly controls when compared to the established visual MRI markers of brain aging, notably MTA, Fazekas score, and number of CMBs.
Review: Assessment of the aquifers in South Sudan with a focus on Lakes State
Authors: Goes B. J. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe current state of knowledge on groundwater in South Sudan (a data-scarce country) is presented, based on extensive field surveys in Lakes State in the central part of the country, limited published literature, and unpublished consultancy reports. The Basement Complex and the unconsolidated sediments of the Umm Ruwaba Formation are the most extensive geological formations and are the most exploited for groundwater. The water-resource potential properties of the main Umm Ruwaba aquifer (the ‘second’ aquifer, mostly confined) in Lakes State are generally fair to good, with a shallow piezometric surface (<25 m deep), favourable transmissivity (median 8.4, mean 21.5 m2/day), and low salinity and nitrate content. However, some areas have poor groundwater potential due to deep piezometric levels (up to 80 m deep), low transmissivity (mean <5 m2/day) and/or brackish salinity. The estimated recharge is modest (1–8 mm/year) due to predominantly confined aquifer conditions. Aquifer recharge mainly occurs along the geological boundary with the Basement Complex and from the Bahr el Jebel River. Published literature shows saline groundwater and a groundwater trough in northeast South Sudan that was interpreted as being related to a buried saline lake. Additional data on groundwater levels indicate that the extent of the trough may be less than originally sketched. In the Basement Complex, the groundwater potential varies over short distances and depends on the thickness and sand content of the weathered top layer and/or the presence of fractures; the transmissivity is generally low (median for Lakes State is 4.2 m2/day).