bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mismatch negativity and clinical trajectories in psychotic disorders: Five-year stability and predictive utility
Authors: Donaldson Kayla R. , Jonas Katherine , Foti Dan , Larsen Emmett M. , Mohanty Aprajita , Kotov Roman 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMismatch negativity (MMN) amplitude is reduced in psychotic disorders and associated with symptoms and functioning. Due to these robust associations, it is often considered a biomarker for psychotic illness. The relationship between MMN and clinical outcomes has been examined well in early onset psychotic illness; however, its stability and predictive utility in chronic samples are not clear.MethodWe examined the five-year stability of MMN amplitude over two timepoints in individuals with established psychotic disorders (cases;N= 132) and never-psychotic participants (NP;N= 170), as well as longitudinal associations with clinical symptoms and functioning.ResultsMMN amplitude exhibited good temporal stability (cases,r= 0.53; never-psychotic,r= 0.52). In cases, structural equation models revealed MMN amplitude to be a significant predictor of worsening auditory hallucinations (β= 0.19), everyday functioning (β= −0.13), and illness severity (β= −0.12) at follow-up. Meanwhile, initial IQ (β= −0.24), negative symptoms (β= 0.23), and illness severity (β= −0.16) were significant predictors of worsening MMN amplitude five years later.ConclusionsThese results imply that MMN measures a neural deficit that is reasonably stable up to five years. Results support disordered cognition and negative symptoms as preceding reduced MMN, which then may operate as a mechanism driving reductions in everyday functioning and the worsening of auditory hallucinations in chronic psychotic disorders. This pattern may inform models of illness course, clarifying the relationships amongst biological mechanisms of predictive processing and clinical deficits in chronic psychosis and allowing us to better understand the mechanisms driving such impairments over time.
Hard to predict! No clear effects of home-field advantage on leaf litter decomposition in tropical heath vegetation
Authors: Alencar Mery I. G. de , Belo André Y. S. P. , Silva José L. A. , Asato Ana E. B. , Gomes Eduarda F. , de Oliveira Valéria S. , Teixeira Jesiel de O. , Monte Otávio de S. , Mota Adriano S. , Pereira Vitória M. L. , Dantas Sibele S. , Silva Gabriel H. S. , Goto Bruno T. , Souza Alexandre F. , Caliman Adriano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe home-field advantage (HFA) hypothesis establishes that plant litter decomposes faster at ‘home’ sites than in ‘away’ sites due to more specialized decomposers acting at home sites. This hypothesis has predominantly been tested through ‘yes or no’ transplanting experiments, where the litter decomposition of a focal species is quantified near and away from their conspecifics. Herein, we evaluated the occurrence and magnitude of home-field effects on the leaf litter decomposition of Myrcia ramuliflora (O.Berg) N. Silveira (Myrtaceae) along a natural gradient of conspecific litterfall input and also if home-field effects are affected by litter and soil traits. Litter decomposition of M. ramuliflora was assessed through litterbags placed in 39 plots in a tropical heath vegetation over a period of 12 months. We also characterized abiotic factors, litter layer traits, and litter diversity. Our results indicated the occurrence of positive (i.e. Home-field advantage) and negative (i.e. Home-field disadvantage) effects in more than half of the plots. Positive and negative effects occurred in a similar frequency and magnitude. Among all predictors tested, only the community weighted mean C/N ratio of the litterfall input was associated with home-field effects. Our results reinforce the lack of generality for home-field effects found in the literature and thus challenge the understanding of litter-decomposer interaction in tropical ecosystems.
Comparing the longitudinal development of phraseological complexity across oral and written tasks
Authors: Vandeweerd Nathan , Housen Alex , Paquot Magali 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study builds upon previous research investigating the construct validity of phraseological complexity as an index of L2 development and proficiency. Whereas previous studies have focused on cross-sectional comparisons of written productions across proficiency levels, the current study compares thelongitudinaldevelopment of phraseological complexity in writtenand oralproductions elicited over a 21-month period from learners of French. We also improve upon the state of the art by including L1 data to benchmark learner levels of phraseological complexity. Phraseological complexity, operationalized as the diversity (no. types) and sophistication (PMI) of adjectival modifiers (adjective + noun) and direct objects (verb + noun), was generally higher in learner writing as compared to speaking. Over the study period, the sophistication of phraseological units increased slightly but developmental patterns were found to differ between tasks, highlighting the importance of considering task characteristics when measuring phraseological complexity.
Accounting for different rates of gender reanalysis among Icelandic masculine forms in plural -ur
Authors: Markússon Jón Símon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a usage-based cognitive approach to the different rates at which Icelandic masculine forms in nominative/accusative plural -ur are reanalysed as feminine. Of the 14.92% of nouns in plural -ur, 91.89% are feminine, others masculine. Syncretism in nominative/accusative plural is exceptionless among feminines, but relatively rare among masculines. Interestingly, plurals such as masculine eigendur ‘owners’, fætur ‘feet’, vetur ‘winters’ occasionally yield the feminine outputs definite eigendur-nar, fætur-nar, vetur-nar, and are sometimes modified by feminine forms of adjectives and determiners. As the full set of forms in plural -ur is highly schematic, we might expect reanalysis – viewed as a property of a schema’s productivity – to correlate proportionately with the frequency of corresponding masculine forms. However, corpus data for Icelandic betray a mismatch. Through a network model approach that emphasises prototype structure, minimal schematicity is shown to impact the rate of reanalysis by means of a gang effect.
Self-compassion training in palliative care during COVID-19: A pilot study
Authors: O’Connor Margaret , Shimoinaba Kaori , Zhong Yaping , Peyton Suzanne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis pilot project replicated a self-compassion program to support health-care professionals in palliative care settings. We anticipated that undertaking this program would enhance participants’ psychological well-being.MethodsParticipants were recruited by convenience sampling from palliative care services in an area of Melbourne, Australia. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the program was offered online and comprised six once-weekly gatherings. Three survey rounds with identical questions were conducted prior to, immediately after, and 3 months after the training. The surveys consisted of 6 scales: the Self-Compassion Scale, the Santa Clara Brief Compassion Scale, the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, the Professional Quality of Life Scale, and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index Scale. Paired-sample t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance analyses were used to compare participant responses.ResultsNine participants working in palliative care completed the training and 3 surveys and included qualitative responses. The experience was overwhelmingly positive. Self-compassion (F = 14.44; p < 0.05) and mindfulness (F = 18.44; p < 0.05) scores significantly increased post-training, were picked up in a short time and endured. The emotional state improved by compassion satisfaction, showing a positive improvement 3 months post-training, along with there being no changes in compassion satisfaction, burnout, and dispositional empathy.Significance of resultsParticipants all worked in a supportive environment, which encouraged self-care. Even against the pandemic difficulties, a short online program was effective, assisting participants to cultivate their inner resources in mindfulness and self-compassion. While a small sample size, expansion of the training may benefit the wider palliative care workforce.
Aspirational and representative constitutional identity in Africa
Authors: Erk Jan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article addresses the problématique of giving voice to homegrown traditions of constitutionalism in individual African countries. The scholarly discussion is combined with an applied concern about whether this could instil a wider grassroots embrace of the country’s constitution, thereby consolidating constitutionalism and ensuring longevity. The investigation is carried through the lens of two sub-categories of the concept of constitutional identity: a representative one that reflects a country’s particular political, social and cultural makeup, and an aspirational one that sets goals and ideals. The challenge, in both scholarly and applied terms, is how to ensure that a constitution instils a sense of public ownership by becoming more representative of a country’s underlying makeup while also giving voice to modern aspirations to protect and promote individual human rights, and in doing so, also becoming self-sustaining as the foundational basic law guiding future generations. Attention is paid not only to the forms of constitutions but also to their function in both reaching ideals (in the positive sense of success) and staving off pitfalls (in the negative sense of success). The article also discusses whether these are best achieved through gradual terms over time or through the sudden big bang of mega reforms.
Integration of Deep Learning‐Based Inversion and Upscaled Mass‐Transfer Model for DNAPL Mass‐Discharge Estimation and Uncertainty Assessment
Authors: Kang Xueyuan , Kokkinaki Amalia , Shi Xiaoqing , Yoon Hongkyu , Lee Jonghyun , Kitanidis Peter K. , Wu Jichun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe challenges posed by high‐resolution characterization of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zone architecture (SZA) have motivated the development of simpler upscaled models that rely on domain‐averaged metrics to capture the average mass discharge downstream of source zones (SZ). However, SZA is highly irregular, making estimation of these domain‐averaged metrics from sparse borehole data extremely difficult. Poor estimation of SZ metrics means that upscaled models cannot reproduce the multistage effluent concentrations. Bayesian inversion methods can be used to obtain accurate estimates of SZ metrics and their uncertainties from sparse data, and from there, upscaled models can better reproduce multistage effluent concentrations. This work presents a framework for integrating a deep‐learning‐based 3D SZA inversion method named Convolutional Variational AutoEncoder—Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation (CVAE‐ESMDA) with a process‐based (PB) upscaled mass‐transfer model. This framework can utilize sparse SZ data to estimate directly mass discharge without multiphase modeling. First, CVAE‐ESMDA estimates the SZA by conditioning on sparse data, which is then used as input in the upscaled model for mass‐discharge estimation. We evaluated our framework on two real and 30 synthetic bench‐scale experiments, with significantly different SZAs and multistage effluent concentrations. The results demonstrate that the CVAE‐based inversion method captures the temporal variations in SZ metrics better than standard ordinary kriging. With the improved SZ metrics, the PB model more accurately reproduces the salient patterns of the multistage mass‐discharge profiles and associated uncertainty. This approach can be used to provide valuable input for risk‐based decision making in remediation applications.
Single-cell transcriptome analyses reveal distinct gene expression signatures of severe COVID-19 in the presence of clonal hematopoiesis
Authors: Choi Baekgyu , Kang Chang Kyung , Park Seongwan , Lee Dohoon , Lee Andrew J. , Ko Yuji , Kang Suk-Jo , Kang Kyuho , Kim Sun , Koh Youngil , Jung Inkyung 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), a common aging-related process that predisposes individuals to various inflammatory responses, has been reported to be associated with COVID-19 severity. However, the immunological signature and the exact gene expression program by which the presence of CHIP exerts its clinical impact on COVID-19 remain to be elucidated. In this study, we generated a single-cell transcriptome landscape of severe COVID-19 according to the presence of CHIP using peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Patients with CHIP exhibited a potent IFN-γ response in exacerbating inflammation, particularly in classical monocytes, compared to patients without CHIP. To dissect the regulatory mechanism of CHIP (+)-specific IFN-γ response gene expression in severe COVID-19, we identified DNMT3A CHIP mutation-dependent differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and annotated their putative target genes based on long-range chromatin interactions. We revealed that CHIP mutant-driven hypo-DMRs at poised cis-regulatory elements appear to facilitate the CHIP (+)-specific IFN-γ-mediated inflammatory immune response. Our results highlight that the presence of CHIP may increase the susceptibility to hyperinflammation through the reorganization of chromatin architecture, establishing a novel subgroup of severe COVID-19 patients.
Chronic gvhd dictionary—eurograft cost action initiative consensus report
Authors: Zelić Kerep Ana , Olivieri Atillio , Schoemans Helene , Lawitschka Anita , Halter Jörg , Pulanic Drazen , Dickinson Anne , Greinix Hildegard T. , Pavletic Steven Z. , Schultz Kirk R. , Lee Stephanie J. , Wolff Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) affects patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). This orphan disease poses a challenge for clinicians and researchers. The purpose of the cGVHD Dictionary is to provide a standardized structure for cGVHD databases on an international level, reconciling differences in data retrieval and facilitate database merging. It is derived from several consensus meetings of the EUROGRAFT consortium (European Cooperation in Science and Technology—COST Action CA17138) followed by a consensus process involving European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), US GvHD consortium and Center for International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (CIBMTR). Databases used for the dictionary were: the National Institutes of Health (NIH) database, the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Applying Biomarkers to Minimize Long Term Effects of Childhood/Adolescent Cancer Treatment - Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium database, EBMT registry, the German-Austrian-Swiss GvHD registry, Italian Blood and Marrow Transplantation Society registry and Regensburg-Göttingen-Newcastle HSCT dataset. A four-part cGVHD Dictionary was formed based on the databases, consensus, and evidence in the literature. The Dictionary is divided into: (1) Patient characteristics, (2) Transplant characteristics, (3) cGVHD characteristics and (4) patient-reported quality of life, symptom burden and functional indicators.
Human leukocyte antigen alleles associate with COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity and risk of breakthrough infection
Authors: Mentzer Alexander J. , O’Connor Daniel , Bibi Sagida , Chelysheva Irina , Clutterbuck Elizabeth A. , Demissie Tesfaye , Dinesh Tanya , Edwards Nick J. , Felle Sally , Feng Shuo , Flaxman Amy L. , Karp-Tatham Eleanor , Li Grace , Liu Xinxue , Marchevsky Natalie , Godfrey Leila , Makinson Rebecca , Bull Maireid B. , Fowler Jamie , Alamad Bana , Malinauskas Tomas , Chong Amanda Y. , Sanders Katherine , Shaw Robert H. , Voysey Merryn ,   Oxford COVID Vaccine Trial Genetics Study Team Group, Cavey Ana , Minassian Angela , Stuart Arabella , Khozoee Baktash , Hanumunthadu Brama , Angus Brian , Smith Catherine C. , Turnbull Iain , Kwok Jonathan , Emary Katherine R. W. , Cifuentes Liliana , Ramasamy Maheshi N. , Cicconi Paola , Finn Adam , McGregor Alastair C. , Collins Andrea M. , Smith Andrew , Goodman Anna L. , Green Christopher A. , Duncan Christopher J. A. , Williams Christopher J. A. , Ferreira Daniela M. , Turner David P. J. , Thomson Emma C. , Hill Helen , Pollock Katrina , Toshner Mark , Lillie Patrick J. , Heath Paul , Lazarus Rajeka , Sutherland Rebecca K. , Payne Ruth O. , Faust Saul N. , Darton Tom , Libri Vincenzo , Anslow Rachel , Provtsgaard-Morys Samuel , Hart Thomas , Beveridge Amy , Adlou Syed , Snape Matthew D. , Pollard Andrew J. , Lambe Teresa , Knight Julian C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine immunogenicity varies between individuals, and immune responses correlate with vaccine efficacy. Using data from 1,076 participants enrolled in ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine efficacy trials in the United Kingdom, we found that inter-individual variation in normalized antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike and its receptor-binding domain (RBD) at 28 days after first vaccination shows genome-wide significant association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles. The most statistically significant association with higher levels of anti-RBD antibody was HLA-DQB1*06 (P = 3.2 × 10−9), which we replicated in 1,677 additional vaccinees. Individuals carrying HLA-DQB1*06 alleles were less likely to experience PCR-confirmed breakthrough infection during the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 virus and subsequent Alpha variant waves compared to non-carriers (hazard ratio = 0.63, 0.42–0.93, P = 0.02). We identified a distinct spike-derived peptide that is predicted to bind differentially to HLA-DQB1*06 compared to other similar alleles, and we found evidence of increased spike-specific memory B cell responses in HLA-DQB1*06 carriers at 84 days after first vaccination. Our results demonstrate association of HLA type with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine antibody response and risk of breakthrough infection, with implications for future vaccine design and implementation.
Optimal linear estimation models predict 1400–2900 years of overlap between Homo sapiens and Neandertals prior to their disappearance from France and northern Spain
Authors: Djakovic Igor , Key Alastair , Soressi Marie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent fossil discoveries suggest that Neandertals and Homo sapiens may have co-existed in Europe for as long as 5 to 6000 years. Yet, evidence for their contemporaneity at any regional scale remains highly elusive. In France and northern Spain, a region which features some of the latest directly-dated Neandertals in Europe, Protoaurignacian assemblages attributed to Homo sapiens appear to ‘replace’ Neandertal-associated Châtelperronian assemblages. Using the earliest and latest known occurrences as starting points, Bayesian modelling has provided indication that these occupations may in fact have been partly contemporaneous. The reality, however, is that we are unlikely to ever identify the ‘first’ or ‘last’ appearance of a species or cultural tradition in the archaeological and fossil record. Here, we use optimal linear estimation modelling to estimate the first appearance date of Homo sapiens and the extinction date of Neandertals in France and northern Spain by statistically inferring these ‘missing’ portions of the Protoaurignacian and Châtelperronian archaeological records. Additionally, we estimate the extinction date of Neandertals in this region using a dataset of directly-dated Neandertal fossil remains. Our total dataset consists of sixty-six modernly produced radiocarbon determinations which we recalibrated using the newest calibration curve (IntCal20) to produce updated age ranges. The results suggest that the onset of the Homo sapiens occupation of this region likely preceded the extinction of Neandertals and the Châtelperronian by up to 1400–2900 years. This reaffirms the Bayesian-derived duration of co-existence between these groups during the initial Upper Palaeolithic of this region using a novel independent method, and indicates that our understanding of the timing of these occupations may not be suffering from substantial gaps in the record. Whether or not this co-existence featured some form of direct interaction, however, remains to be resolved.
A comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 viral load across different altitudes
Authors: Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Fernandez-Naranjo Raul , Vásconez Jorge Eduardo , Vallejo-Janeta Alexander Paolo , Morales-Jadan Diana , Rivera-Olivero Ismar A. , Lozada Tannya , Viscor Gines , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel ,   The UDLA-COVID-19 team, Rondal Jonathan Dario , Granda Genoveva , Santamaria Ana Cecilia , Pino Cynthia Lorena , Espinosa Oscar Lenin , Buitron Angie , Grisales David Sanchez , Jimenez Karina Beatriz , Bastidas Vanessa , Aguilar Dayana Marcela , Paredes Ines Maria , Bilvao Christian David , Pazmiño Sebastian Rodriguez , Laglaguano Juan Carlos , Herrera Henry , Espinosa Pablo Marcelo , Galarraga Edison Andres , Zambrano-Mila Marlon Steven , Tito Ana Maria , Zapata Nelson David 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 has spread throughout the world, including areas located at high or very high altitudes. There is a debate about the role of high altitude hypoxia on viral transmission, incidence, and COVID-19 related mortality. This is the first comparison of SARS-CoV-2 viral load across elevations ranging from 0 to 4300 m. To describe the SARS-CoV-2 viral load across samples coming from 62 cities located at low, moderate, high, and very high altitudes in Ecuador. An observational analysis of viral loads among nasopharyngeal swap samples coming from a cohort of 4929 patients with a RT-qPCR test positive for SARS-CoV-2. The relationship between high and low altitude only considering our sample of 4929 persons is equal in both cases and not significative (p-value 0.19). In the case of low altitude, adding the sex variable to the analysis, it was possible to find a significative difference between men and women (p-value < 0.05). Considering initially sex and then altitude, it was possible to find a significative difference between high and low altitude for men (p-value 0.05). There is not enough evidence to state that viral load is affected directly by altitude range but adding a new variable as sex in the analysis shows that the presence of new variables influences the relationship of altitude range and viral load. There is no evidence that viral loads (Ct and copies/ml) differ at low or high altitude. Using sex as a co-factor, we found that men have higher viral loads than women at low and moderate altitude locations, while living at high altitude, no differences were found. When Ct values were aggregated by low, moderate, and high viral load, we found no significant differences when sex was excluded from the analysis. We conclude that viral load is not directly affected by altitude, but COVID-19 incidence and mortality are rather affected by socio-demographic and idiosyncratic dynamics.