bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deciding on fitness‐for‐purpose‐of models and of natural flood management
Authors: Beven Keith , Page Trevor , Hankin Barry , Smith Paul , Kretzschmar Ann , Mindham David , Chappell Nick 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article has taken a distributed modelling approach to examine the potential for hillslope storage bunds as a natural flood management (NFM) strategy to mitigate the effects of downstream flooding if deployed extensively in the 209 km2 River Kent catchment in Cumbria (UK). To do so, a novel invalidation approach has been taken to calibrate an ensemble of Dynamic Topmodel parameter sets considered as fit‐for‐purpose for the prediction of flood peaks. Only 67 realizations out of 100 000 survived evaluation at the peaks of ranked flood hydrographs including the notable 2005, 2009 and 2015 events, together with a process constraint on the minimum area contributing saturation overland flow in the largest storm of record. These 67 events were used as the baseline (before intervention results) to simulate the effect of introducing 1549 storage bunds to temporarily retain saturation overland flows in optimal hillslope locations. The analysis is extended to simulating the reduction of inundation and damage estimates by running the ensemble of Dyanmic Topmodel simulations as inputs to the distributed hydraulic model JFlow for the 2015 Storm Desmond event. Even given such a large number of interventions the effects on the flood peaks and damages in this case were relatively small. The results of the study emphasize the large amounts of storage required in any NFM scheme, with individual features large enough that they are not too quickly overwhelmed, in order to have a significant impact on flood hydrographs and consequent flood damages.
Dynamic connectedness between China's commodity markets and China's sectoral stock markets: A multidimensional analysis
Authors: Shao Liuguo , Zhang Hua , Chang Senfeng , Wang Ziyang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConsidering the heterogeneity of China's different sectoral stock markets, this paper adopts the time‐domain spillover index model, extreme spillover index model, and frequency‐domain spillover model to analyse the spillover effects of China's commodity and sectoral stock markets under normal conditions, extreme conditions, and frequency‐domain conditions. The empirical results highlight three interesting and noteworthy aspects for investors and regulators: first, the spillover behaviours of China's sectoral stock markets reveal significant heterogeneity. The Energy, Materials, Industries, Optional, Consumption, Information, and PublicUtilities markets are net transmitters, while the Pharmaceutical, Finance, and Telecom ones are net receivers. Second, the spillover effects between China's commodity and sectoral stock markets are enhanced under extreme conditions and are approximately 18.49% higher than those under normal conditions, and there is asymmetry between left‐tail and right‐tail spillovers, which was observed during China's stock market crash. Finally, the spillover effect between China's commodity and sectoral stock markets is dominated by short‐term spillovers, and there is a positive correlation between short‐term and long‐term spillovers.
Sustained release of alpha‐methylacyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR) antibody‐conjugated and free doxorubicin from silica nanoparticles for prostate cancer cell growth inhibition
Authors: Aina Toyin , Salifu Ali A. , Kizhakkepura Sonu , Danyuo Yiporo , Obayemi John D. , Oparah Josephine C. , Ezenwafor Theresa C. , Onwudiwe Killian C. , Ani Chukwuemeka J. , Biswas Suchi S. , Onyekanne Chinyerem , Odusanya Olushola S. , Madukwe Jonathan , Soboyejo Winston O. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents silica nanoparticles for the sustained release of AMACR antibody‐conjugated and free doxorubicin (DOX) for the inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth. Inorganic MCM‐41 silica nanoparticles were synthesized, functionalized with phenylboronic acid groups (MCM‐B), and capped with dextran (MCM‐B‐D). The nanoparticles were then characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential analysis, nitrogen sorption, X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis, before exploring their potential for drug loading and controlled drug release. This was done using a model prostate cancer drug, DOX, and a targeted prostate cancer drug, α‐Methyl Acyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR) antibody‐conjugated DOX, which attaches specifically to AMACR proteins that are overexpressed on the surfaces of prostate cancer cells. The kinetics of sustained drug release over 30 days was then studied using zeroth order, first order, second order, Higuchi, and the Korsmeyer–Peppas models, while the thermodynamics of drug release was elucidated by determining the entropy and enthalpy changes. The flux of the released DOX was also simulated using the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. Generally, the AMACR antibody‐conjugated DOX drug‐loaded nanoparticles were more effective than the free DOX drug‐loaded formulations in inhibiting the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro over a 96 h period. The implications of the results are then discussed for the development of drug‐eluting structures for the localized and targeted treatment of prostate cancer.
Seed morphoanatomy of the genus PassifloraL. (Passifloraceae) by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy
Authors: de Jesus Silva Jailton , Souza Fernanda Vidigal Duarte , Junghans Tatiana Góes , da Silva Ledo Carlos Alberto , Rossi Mônica Lanzoni , de Souza Everton Hilo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMorphoanatomical analysis of seeds contributes to knowledge of the development of seedlings and identification of species, as well as supporting conservation studies. The conservation of the species belonging to the Passiflora genus is crucial due to of the threats to the genetic resources of these species. Thus, the objective of this study was to morphoanatomically characterize Passiflora seeds, verify possible injuries to the tissues after cryopreservation and thus contribute to the conservation strategies of the species of this genus. Initially, seeds of Passiflora coccinea, P. edulis, P. gibertii, P. maliformis, P. morifolia, P. setacea, P. suberosa, and P. tenuifila collected from the Passion Fruit Active Germplasm Bank of the Embrapa Cassava and Fruits research unit (Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura) were analyzed. Then, their length, width and thickness, shape of the base and tip, and ornamentations present on the body and edge of the seeds were evaluated. The seeds of the species were placed in cryotubes and immersed in liquid nitrogen to assess possible cryoinjuries. The tegument and tissues of the seeds were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The seeds had varied biometric data, with average values of 4.63 mm for length, 3.28 mm for width, and 1.51 mm for thickness. Six ornamentation types were observed: reticulate for the species P. coccinea; finely reticulate for P. edulis; foveolate reticulate for P. gibertii and P. setacea; alveolate reticulate for P. maliformis and P. tenuifila; coarsely reticulate for P. morifolia; and falsifoveolate reticulate for P. suberosa. Some seeds suffered tegument cracks due to the freezing in liquid nitrogen, but without physiological damages to the embryo and endosperm. The cryopreservation of the seeds in the presence of the tegument significantly reduced the cryoinjuries caused to the embryo. Cryopreservation can be promising for long‐term conservation of passion fruit seeds.
Characterization of pulp calcifications and changes in their composition after treatments with citric acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solutions
Authors: Juárez‐Gallegos Julieta , Rodríguez‐Hidalgo Alejandra , Santana Maricela , Arzate Higinio , Montoya‐Ayala Gonzalo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe ectopic calcifications of non‐mineralized tissues can occur in several forms throughout life, such as pulpal calcification. The presence of pulp stones is a challenge in endodontic treatment because they partially or fully obliterate the pulp chamber hindering access to root canals and their subsequent shaping. This study aimed to determine their crystallographic properties and evaluate the capacity of citric acid (CA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to promote the demineralization of pulp calcifications. The samples were obtained from patients with indications of endodontic treatment, and the radiographic examination was suggestive of pulp stone in at least one permanent tooth. The samples were isolated and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy/energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The Fourier Transform by high resolution‐transmission electron microscopy, Raman microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were used to identify the mineral phase and crystallographic characteristics. To evaluate the effect of CA and EDTA on the crystallinity of calcifications, they were submerged into these two individual solutions and the changes were assessed in situ by Raman spectroscopy. The SEM images obtained from calcifications demonstrated irregular morphologies. EDX of sample surfaces shows a high presence of oxygen, carbon, calcium, and phosphorous, however, other elements such as sodium, magnesium, nitrogen, chlorine, potassium, sulfur, and zinc were identified in less quantity. According to Raman, XRD, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, the predominant mineral phase identified in the pulpal calcification was a poor crystallinity apatite. According to in situ analyses, the effect of CA and EDTA was observed on the signals of PO43− and CH2 groups corresponding to inorganic and organic components. The changes with CA were evident at 7 min while the effect of EDTA was observed until 15 min of treatment. All results indicate that pulp stones have a heterogeneous composition principally composed of apatite with low crystallinity. The solubility of these pathological minerals is adequate using solutions such as EDTA or CA; however, the effectivity depends on the mineralization grade of calcifications, time, and concentration of exposition to this chemical.
Weather‐type‐conditioned calibration of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission precipitation over the South Pacific Convergence Zone
Authors: Mirones Óscar , Bedia Joaquín , Fernández‐Granja Juan A. , Herrera Sixto , Van Vloten Sara O. , Pozo Andrea , Cagigal Laura , Méndez Fernando J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe South Pacific region is an area affected by characteristic precipitation patterns undergoing extreme events such as tropical cyclones and droughts. First, a daily weather typing of precipitation is presented, based on principal component analysis and k‐means clustering using precipitation and atmospheric circulation variables derived from sea‐level pressure and wind reanalysis fields. As a result, five weather types (WTs) are presented, able to capture distinct precipitation spatiotemporal patterns, interpretable in terms of salient regional climate features. Second, we undertake the calibration of the TRMM precipitation product using a set of rain gauge stations as reference and scaling and empirical quantile mapping (eQM) as calibration techniques. Furthermore, we build upon the weather‐type classification to compare the results with a WT‐conditioned calibration approach. Overall, our results underpin the need of adjusting the existing TRMM biases, mostly relevant for the upper tail of their distribution, and advocate the use of correction techniques able to deal with quantile‐dependent biases—such as eQM—instead of a simple scaling, in order to obtain a more realistic representation of extreme precipitation events. The conditioning has shown only a marginal added value over the simple approach, although this minor improvement may prove relevant for applications focused on extreme event analysis. Furthermore, the weather types created can be applied to a wide variety of conditioned analyses in this region.
Synoptic patterns associated with extreme precipitation events over southeastern South America during spring and summer seasons
Authors: Martinez Daiana M. , Solman Silvina A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on characterizing the diversity of synoptic forcing precursors of extreme precipitation events in southeastern South America (SESA) during the warm season, as well as identifying the differences in the synoptic environment during spring (October–November–December) and summer (January–February–March). The characterization of extreme events was carried out using daily precipitation data from the CPC gridded dataset for the period 1979–2017. Extreme events were defined when the daily precipitation exceeds the 95th percentile of the daily rainy days and covers a minimum area of 100 km2. During the spring months extremes are more intense and are preferably located over the central and eastern part of SESA, while during the summer they occur towards the west and south of SESA. The associated synoptic conditions were identified after applying a principal component analysis to the 850 hPa geopotential height for extreme precipitation days using the ERA‐Interim reanalysis. Two distinctive patterns for each season were identified. The anomalous intense wind with a northerly component and a negative geopotential height anomaly over northwestern Argentina emerged as the most common features associated with the occurrence of extreme events. Differences between the two patterns emerge in terms of the southward penetration of the northerly wind and the anomalous circulation off the east coast of South America. A high‐level jet was detected in both patterns, although a weaker core and located in a position further south is found for the second pattern compared with the first one. Differences in the synoptic forcing features between spring and summer, such as a more intense low‐level northerly wind, a deeper northwestern low, a more intense upper‐level jet stream and a more extended area of maximum upper‐level wind divergence during spring compared with summer, may explain the differences found in the extreme precipitation in SESA for the two seasons.
Exploring Patient's Preference of Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures in Laryngeal Movement Disorders
Authors: Gochman Grant E. , Dwyer Christopher D. , Young VyVy N. , Rosen Clark A. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundDespite many available patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) for laryngeal movement disorders, there is a lack of patient input regarding which PROM most accurately and conveniently captures aspects related to their vocal disease. This study aimed to assess patients' preferences among a selection of voice‐related PROMs (Voice Handicap Index‐10 [VHI‐10], OMNI‐Vocal Effort Scale [OMNI‐VES], Communicative Participation Item Bank‐General Short Form [CPIB‐10], and Visual Analog Scales [VAS]) within the laryngeal movement disorder population and investigate associations between selected instruments.MethodsPrior to botulinum toxin A injection, patients with laryngeal dystonia and/or essential tremor of the vocal tract were administered the VHI‐10, OMNI‐VES, CPIB‐10, and three novel VAS questions in a randomized order. Patients rank ordered the four PROMs based on the PROMs' reflection of their voice problems. Pearson's correlation coefficients evaluated pairwise associations among PROM scores. Fisher's exact test compared the preferred PROM rankings.ResultsSeventy patients (53 female, mean age = 60.7 years) participated. The VHI‐10 and CPIB‐10 were most preferred at 33.9% and 27.4% respectively. The OMNI‐VES and VAS scales were less favored (19.4%, each). When analyzed by age ≥60 years, the CPIB‐10 was most favored (33.3%), but for age <60 years, VHI‐10 was most preferred (42.3%). There was a strong correlation between scores of all administered PROMs (strongest correlation between OMNI‐VES and VAS, r = 0.8, p < 0.001; the weakest correlation between OMNI‐VES and VHI‐10, r = 0.6, p < 0.001).ConclusionsWith an increasing trend in PROMs usage and a strong correlation between all evaluated outcome instruments, insight regarding patients' PROM preferences is an area for further consideration.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:1448–1454, 2023
Relative oscillation theory for linear Hamiltonian systems with nonlinear dependence on the spectral parameter
Authors: Elyseeva Julia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider two linear Hamiltonian differential systems that depend in general nonlinearly on the spectral parameter λ and with Dirichlet boundary conditions. For the Hamiltonian problems, we do not assume any controllability and strict normality assumptions and also omit the classical Legendre condition for their Hamiltonians. The main result of the paper, the relative oscillation theorem, relates the difference of the numbers of finite eigenvalues of the two problems in the intervals and , respectively, with the so‐called oscillation numbers associated with the Wronskian of the principal solutions of the systems evaluated for and . As a corollary to the main result, we prove the renormalized oscillation theorems presenting the number of finite eigenvalues of one single problem in . The consideration is based on the comparative index theory applied to the continuous case.
Clinical Features of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Critical Review of Objective Findings
Authors: Bluett Brent , Ash Elissa , Farheen Amtul , Fasano Alfonso , Krauss Joachim K. , Maranzano Alessio , Passaretti Massimiliano , Tang‐Wai David F. , Van Gerpen Jay , Alonso‐Canovas Araceli , Youn Jinyoung , Malm Jan , Martino Davide ,   for the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Study Group
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundIdiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is characterized by the classic clinical triad of gait, cognitive, and urinary dysfunction, albeit incomplete in a relevant proportion of patients. The clinical findings and evolution of these symptoms have been variably defined in the literature.ObjectivesTo evaluate how the phenomenology has been defined, assessed, and reported, we performed a critical review of the existing literature discussing the phenomenology of iNPH. The review also identified the instrumental tests most frequently used and the evolution of clinical and radiologic findings.MethodsThe review was divided into 3 sections based on gait, cognitive, and urinary dysfunction. Each section performed a literature search using the terms “idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus” (iNPH), with additional search terms used by each section separately. The number of articles screened, duplicates, those meeting the inclusion criteria, and the number of articles excluded were recorded. Findings were subsequently tallied and analyzed.ResultsA total of 1716 articles with the aforementioned search criteria were identified by the 3 groups. A total of 81 full‐text articles were reviewed after the elimination of duplicates, articles that did not discuss phenomenological findings or instrumental testing of participants with iNPH prior to surgery, and articles with fewer than 10 participants.Conclusions“Wide‐based gait” was the most common gait dysfunction identified. Cognitive testing varied significantly across articles, and ultimately a specific cognitive profile was not identified. Urodynamic testing found detrusor overactivity and “overactive bladder” as the most common symptom of urinary dysfunction.
The Development of Genetic Sex Identification Markers and Evidence of a Male Heterogametic Sex Determination System in Red Shiner
Authors: Teal Chad N. , Coykendall D. Katharine , Campbell Matthew R. , Delomas Thomas A. , Eardley Daniel L. , Erwin John A. , Schill Daniel J. , Bauder Javan M. , Bonar Scott A. , Culver Melanie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Red Shiner Cyprinella lutrensis is of increasing management interest as an invasive species that negatively impacts many native fishes throughout North America. Trojan sex chromosome (TSC)-carrying individuals could theoretically control invasive fish populations by skewing the sex ratio to 100% male. The efficacy of TSC-based control programs requires an understanding of a population's sex determination system, yet such information is lacking for Red Shiner. We used single-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing to discover sex-linked single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and we conducted a series of breeding experiments to uncover the sex determination system. All candidate sex-linked SNPs that fit our selection criteria exhibited a pattern of male heterogamety. We developed two sex-identification (sex-ID) marker assays, XY_248 and XY_170, which showed phenotype–genotype concordance scores of 77.00% and 84.35%, respectively. These sex-ID markers exhibited relatively high phenotype–genotype concordance in females (XY_248 = 96.30%; XY_170 = 98.61%), which allowed for selective breeding of phenotypically feminized genetic males. We observed a 3:1 male : female sex ratio in spawns from feminized males crossed with wild-type males, indicative of a male heterogametic sex determination system (i.e., XY male/XX female). The discovery of a male heterogametic sex determination system, in combination with our two markers, increases the likelihood of developing an effective TSC eradication strategy for invasive Red Shiner populations.
Patients' experience of patient safety information and participation in care during a hospital stay
Authors: Tubic Bojan , Finizia Caterina , Zainal Kamil Asra , Larsson Pernilla , Engström My 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimHaving a culture of safety is crucial when providing high‐quality health care, yet preventable adverse events are common in the Swedish healthcare system, especially in the field of surgical care. Research shows that patient participation can improve patient safety. This study aimed to explore patients' experience of the safety leaflet, “Your safety in hospital,” including participation in care and feelings of safe care.DesignThis study uses a descriptive qualitative study design.MethodsTwenty patients from surgical wards received patient safety leaflets and participated in semi‐structured interviews during their hospital stay. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsThree categories emerged from the analysis: Positive and negative experiences of provided information, Experiences of participation in own care, and Feelings of being safe arising from a perception of good quality care. Most participants were satisfied with their participation in their care and felt safe during their hospital stay. Oral information about the safety leaflet from healthcare personnel was lacking.