bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for suicidal behaviours in late-onset bipolar disorder
Authors: Lengvenyte A. 
Published: February 2022

Late-onset bipolar disorder (BD), when symptoms emerge after the age of 50 years, has gained recognition in the past decades. Currently, BD of about one in ten older patients is considered to be late-onset. Since suicide risk is extremely elevated in BD, especially at the onset of the illness, patients that live to old age are generally considered a survivor population. Meanwhile, patients with late-onset BD did not have BD while living through life periods that could be associated with typical risk factors for suicidal behaviours. Moreover, the late-onset BD might have specific etiopathogenesis, as demonstrated by less genetic component and more life stressors, medical comorbidity and alcohol use. Clinically, patients with late-onset BD have more depressive episodes and more favourable treatment outcomes, yet clinicians generally fail to adhere to guidelines while treating these patients. In n=614 older age BD patients from FondationFondamental Expert Centers, late-onset BD patients reported less lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts compared to non-late-onset patients, while there was no difference regarding the last year suicidal ideation. Better verbal memory was associated with more suicidal behaviour reporting in both groups. Meanwhile, late-onset patients had lower affect intensity and less childhood trauma – factors that were strongly positively associated with last year suicidal ideation in patients with earlier, but not late-onset BD. Meanwhile, late-onset BD patients had higher arterial blood pressure, which was associated with lifetime suicide attempt history in them, but not in earlier-onset patients. Late-onset BD seems to have a distinct pathway to suicidal behaviours.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Measuring therapeutic engagement in finnish adult acute psychiatric in-patient care units using the finnish version of therapeutic engagement questionnaire (TEQ)
Authors: Askola R. , Turunen J. , Hottinen A. , Kantaris X. , Chambers M. , Kuosmanen L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe Therapeutic Engagement Questionnaire (TEQ) has been developed and validated in partnership with service users (SUs), registered mental health nurses (RMHNs) and nurse academics in the UK in accordance with psychometric theory. The TEQ is highly relevant and useful to clinical practice. The TEQ measures therapeutic engagement (TE) in two contexts - 1-1 interactions between SUs and RMHNs, as well as the overall environment and atmosphere of the units - from the perspective of both SUs and RMHNs. The TEQ has been translated into Finnish by two expert panels and was pre-tested and validated in ten adult acute psychiatric in-patient units in two hospitals in Finland.ObjectivesTo measure TE in Finnish adult acute in-patient psychiatric settings from the perspectives of both SUs and RMHNs.MethodsThe Finnish version of the TEQ (Hoidollinen yhteistyö) will be completed by RMHNs and SUs in 15 adult acute psychiatric in-patient units. Nine of the units are within the University Hospital and six in a municipal psychiatric hospital. The data will be collected within a 3-month period (October - December 2020). The coordinating nurse of each unit will organise the operational side of the study including obtaining consent from SUs. The nurses will participate in the survey via Webropol which includes nurses’ consent. Sociodemographic information will be collected from the SUs and nurses.ResultsThe results of the measurement study will be reported at the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry.ConclusionsThe conclusions of the measurement study will be reported at the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry.Conflict of interestThis study is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration South London (NIHR ARC South London).
The familial experience of acute bacterial meningitis in children. A transversal qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Scanferla E. , Gorwood P. , Fasse L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPediatric acute bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening illness that results from bacterial infection of the meninges and leaves some survivors with significant sequelae. Given the potential trauma induced by the disease itself and the hospitalization, it is important to have an insight on how the parents cope with this aversive event, and especially how they give sense to this experience.Objectives(1) To explore the lived experience of close family ascendants whose child or grandchild had survived acute bacterial meningitis (2) To investigate how they give meaning to this specific experience.MethodsParticipants were recruited through two association of persons affected by meningitis. Convenience sample of eleven family ascendants. Their family descendants were aged between 0.2 and 20 years old at the time of the meningitis diagnosis (M= 4.1, SD= 7.3). In average, 9.4 years had passed between the onset of illness and the relative’s interview (SD= 5.4).Results6 superordinate themes and 2 meaning-making processes were identified: 1. Sick child becoming a “hero” (comparison with other children). 2. Engaged action/attitude: finding the “positive” of the traumatic experience and engaged action to improve the care system.ConclusionsThis is one of the first studies exploring the first-hand experience of family ascendants confronted to acute bacterial meningitis. Findings highlighted factors characterising the disease experience and the psychological adjustment of meningitis survivors’ families. They demonstred (1) the multidimensional impact of the disease on family ascendants and their need for professional psychological support, (2) the importance of direct involvement of parents in identifying key aspects of care.
Assessing the health-related quality of life of nurses: A study in hedi chacker hospital
Authors: Abbes A. , Kchaou A. , Masmoudi R. , Hrairi A. , Hammami K. Jmal , Masmoudi M. Larbi , Masmoudi J. , Hajjaji M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPhysical and psychological health, social relationships and professional environment determine the quality of life of nurses.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the quality of life of Hospital nurses and to identify the factors that influenced this assessment.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study concerning nurses who answered a questionnaire developed and structured in order to assess the quality of life and with the appliance of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQoL-BREF). The statistical processing was done with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0.ResultsMost of the nurses were women (78.30%), married (81.70%) and with a specialization degree (65 %). The mean age of the study population was 50.20 years (±7.20 years). Most of them considered their quality of life good or very good (46.7%) and were satisfied or very satisfied with their health (48.4%). There is a significant association between quality of life and satisfaction with life (p=0.000). The average score of Physical health was 55.76(±13.89). The average scale of Psychological health was 61.45 (±15.14). A significant correlation was observed between lack of antecedents and a better physical health (p=0.000).The psychological health was correlated with age (p=0.000) and social relationships (p=0.000).ConclusionsStudying the quality of life of nurses is particularly important, since it can lead to the development of a policy for improving the working conditions in the public sector.Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.
Multiple hospitalisations towards the end of life among patients with serious mental illness: A retrospective cohort study in England, UK
Authors: Chukwusa E. , Wilson R. , Gaughran F. , Wei G. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMultiple hospitalisations towards the end of life is an indicator of poor-quality care. Understanding the characteristics of patients who experience hospitalisations at the end-of-life and how they vary is important for improved care planning.ObjectivesTo describe socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with serious mental illness who experienced multiple hospitalisations in the last 90 days of life.MethodsData for all adult patients with a diagnosis of serious mental illness who died in 2018-2019 in England, UK were extracted from the National Mental Health Services Data Set linked with Hospital Episode Statistics and death registry data. Variables of interest included age, gender, marital status, underlying and contributory cause of death, ethnicity, place of death, deprivation status, urban-rural indicator, and patient’s region of residence. The number of hospitalisations and patient’s sociodemographic & clinical were described using descriptive statistics and percentages, respectively.ResultsOf the 45924 patients, 38.1% (n=17505, Male=42.9%, Female=57.1%, Mean age:78.4) had at least one hospitalisation in the last 90 days of life. The median number of hospitalisations was 2(StdDev:1.64, Minimum=1,Maximum=23). Most of those hospitalised (n=11808, 67.5%), died in a health care establishment (e.g. Hospital or hospice). There were marked geographic differences in the proportions of hospitalisations.The North West region of England recorded the most hospitalisations (n= 2906,16.6%), compared to other regions.ConclusionsFurther analysis is needed to understand factors independently associated with hospitalisations in people with serious mental illness. Funding: This project is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaborations (ARC) South London.
Work-family-conflict in the context of the working conditions of university employees – comparison of professions
Authors: Jerg-Bretzke L. , Kempf M. , Walter S. , Traue H. , Beschoner P. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWorking conditions at universities are often considered precarious. Employees complain of fixed-term contracts and extensive unpaid overtime (Dorenkamp et al. 2016). Studies from various fields of work show that occupational groups with a high workload suffer particularly from a conflictual compatibility of work and family.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the WFC in the context of working conditions.MethodsN=844 university employees (55% women, 41% men) were asked about the burden of work/life balance using Work-family-conflict (WFC) - Family-work-conflict (FWC) -Scales (Netemeyer 1996). The dichotomously formulated question on overtime worked was supplemented by a five-step scaled item on the burden of overtime. The correlation analyses were calculated according to Spearman.ResultsOvertime performed by 83% of the total sample and 64% feel burdened by it. 95% of the scientists and physicians, 68% of the administrative staff, 63% of the service providers work overtime and 90% of the physicians and 72% of the scientists feel burdened by it. Significantly high correlations were found between the burden of overtime and the conflict of compatibility. The higher the burden of overtime, the higher the WFC and FWC. The highest correlation was found among physicians (r=.649), followed by scientists (r=.533), administration (r=.451), services (r= (total sample r=.562).ConclusionsThe additional work and strain caused by this, as well as the connections with the problem of compatibility, show need for action for employers regarding the working conditions of physicians and scientists. Especially with regard to reducing overtime and improving the compatibility of work and family.
Psychiatric referrals in general practice
Authors: Turki M. , Babbah T. , Ouali R. , Ellouze S. , Abid W. , Charfi R. , Halouani N. , Alouou J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionOver half of patients with mental disorders are seen by primary care physicians. However, as for patients with somatic problems, referral to psychiatrists seems to be sometimes necessary.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to identify reasons and difficulties perceived by general practitioners (GP) in mental health referrals.MethodsA cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted between August 22 and September 23, 2020, so that 47 responses of GP were included.ResultsThe mean age of respondents was 37.3 years. Their seniority as doctors was 8 years on average. Among them, only 17% attended a post-university psychiatric training. The participants reported that they refer on average 32.5% of patients with mental disorders to psychiatrist: 85.1% to psychiatric hospital, 40.4% to liberal psychiatrists and 21.3% to clinical psychologists. Regarding the reasons for referral to mental healthcare structures, 70.2% of doctors justified their doing so by their insufficient training in mental healthcare; 66% by a need for hospitalization, 57.4% by the presence of delusions, while in 27.7 % of cases, the transfer was carried out at the request of the patient or his family. The difficulties mentioned by GP were patient refusal to consult a psychiatrist (70.2%) and difficulties related to the management delay (44.7%).ConclusionsPatient and health system factors, as well as physicians experience seem to have important influences on mental health referral. Open communication and ease of consultation with psychiatrists can make the care of patients with mental health problems even more rewarding to the primary care physician.
Combination treatment with second generation antipsychotics other than clozapine
Authors: Schmidt-Kraepelin C. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAntipsychotic combination treatment without clozapine is common in the treatment of schizophrenia patients worldwide, despite clinical guidelines generally do not recommend such practice. This is potentially due to a high rate of non-response to monotherapies and a low-frequent adoption of Clozapine.AimThis presentation briefly summarizes rational combination strategies without second generation antipsychotics other than clozapine and presents new results of a multi-center randomized, double-blind controlled trial comparing monotherapy of oral amisulpride (400-800 mg/day), or olanzapine (10-20 mg/day) with amisulpride-olanzapine combination treatment.ConclusionsPositive findings with small to medium effect sizes in favor of combination treatment with amisulpride and olanzapin have to be weight against a higher propensity to side effects since reduced sexual functions, weight gain and gain in waist circumference are higher in patients with combination treatment and olanzapine monotherapy than in patients with amisulpride monotherapy. Overall evidence in favor of combination treatment without clozapine is not strong when regarding its highly-frequent adoption in clinically practice. The strategy of combination treatment with amisulpride and olanzapine may be an alternative in certain clinical situations but should be carefully monitored and justified according to guideline recommendations for resistance to pharmacotherapy.CommentsThe adoption of clozapine should be considered, before other antipsychotic combination treatment is indicated in clinical non-response to various monotherapies. Other factors that may lead to non-response or therapy resistance such as non-adherence, substance-abuse or high metabolization have to be excluded, before such strategy is appropiate.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Internally displaced persons and their mental health status
Authors: Maruta N. , Panko T. , Fedchenko V. , Semikina O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThere are about 1.5 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine, which requires an assessment of their mental health.ObjectivesTo develop a psychoeducational program aimed at informing about the clinical manifestations (markers of symptoms) of mental disorders, the possibilities of preventing their formation and options for action in conditions of the formation or exacerbation of a mental state.Methods270 IDPs were examined. Methods: clinical-psychopathological, psychometric, statistical.ResultsEvaluation of the mental state of IDPs with symptoms of mental disorders (risk group (31.92%)) indicates the presence of various emotional disorders that formed individual syndromes – asthenic (41.18%), agrypnic (45.59%), somato-vegetative (30.88%), anxiety-depressive (20, 59%). The risk factors for the development of mental disorders in IDPs were identified - the older age is from 50 to 59 and the average age is from 40 to 49 years; lack of a complete family, lack of work, low level of social employment, lack of satisfactory living conditions, a significant decrease in the level of well-being, the preservation of the significance of factors of mental trauma, the presence of certain prenosological syndromes. The proposed psychoeducational program is built on the principle of thematic seminars with elements of social and psychological training.ConclusionsThe implementation of the program provides a comprehensive impact on the cognitive, emotional, psychophysiological, behavioral and social aspects of personality functioning.
Paloma center of expertise - a national support system for refugees’ mental health
Authors: Rautiokoski M. , Mäki-Opas J. , Somersalo L. , Halla T. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPrevious migrant population studies have shown that immigrants experience high level of psychological load and difficulties in accessing care. This is especially prevalent in those with refugee background. To tackle this issue, the PALOMA2 project (National support system for refugee mental health work and the knowhow dissemination) establishes a National PALOMA Centre of Expertise (PALOMA COE) for mental health work among refugees.ObjectivesThe PALOMA COE consists of all five University Hospital Areas and an NGO representative. The PALOMA COE work is becoming a permanent part of the Finnish health care structure. Each represented region has their own specific strengths and challenges, and the formation of Regional PALOMA COEs is planned accordingly. Together these Regional PALOMA COEs form the National PALOMA COE. Here we dive deeper into the Tampere University Hospital Region’s formation of PALOMA COE.MethodsPsychiatric Clinic for Refugees (PCR) has been working for over 24 years in the Tampere City area. PCR has a long history of PALOMA COE work in forms of clinical work, consulting and training professionals working with refugee mental health. From the beginning of 2021, PCR is integrating with Tampere University Hospital.ResultsAs a part of the integration process, the PALOMA COE work has a possibility to expand to the entire University Hospital area and better fulfill the specific needs of the entire region.ConclusionsThe integration will improve the resources, quality and access to mental health care among people with refugee background.
Emigration impact on psychiatric disorders
Authors: Pengili T. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEmigration is a widespread phenomenon in our country for the last three decades.Various risk factors for mental disorders are related to emigration,like social-economic status,language,cultural shock,racism etc.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study is assess how much of a risk factor is emigration in the development of psychiatric disorders.MethodsThis is retrospective study done on 178 patient charts from The Comunity Mental Health Center Nr.3 in Tirana,of patients who durin the last 20 years had their first episode of mental health disorder durin emigration.ResultsEmigrants before year 2004 had more psychotic disoders,whereas those after that year manifested more mood disorders.The mean age for starting MDD is 35 years old,and the mean age for schizophrenia is 25.Females develope more mood disorders,whereas males manifest more schizophrenia.ConclusionsEmigration affects deeply mental health,and is a risk factor for developing psychiatric disorders,with females being prone to have mood disorders,whereas males schizophrenia.Schizophrenia start in an earlier age compared to depression.
Sex differences in total brain volume in a cognitively unimpaired elderly population
Authors: Buchpiguel M. , Busatto G. , Rosa P. , Squarzoni P. , Duran F. , Tamashiro-Duran J. , Leite C. , Lotufo P. , Scazufca M. , Alves T. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAlthough a large number of studies have shown brain volumetric differences between men and women, only a few investigations to date have analyzed brain tissue volumes in representative samples of the general elderly population.ObjectivesWe investigated differences in gray matter (GM), white matter (WM) and intracranial volumes (ICVs) between sexes in individuals above 66 years old using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsUsing FreeSurfer version 5.3, we automatically obtained the ICVs, GM and WM volumes from MRI datasets of 84 men and 92 women. To correct for interindividual variations in ICV, GM and WM volumes were adjusted with a method using the residuals of a least-square-derived linear regression between raw volumes and ICVs. We then performed an ANCOVA comparing men and woman including age and years of schooling as confounding factors.ResultsWomen had a lower socioeconomic status overall and fewer years of schooling than men. The comparison of unadjusted brain volumes showed larger GM and WM volumes in men. After the ICV correction, the adjusted volumes of GM and WM were larger in women.ConclusionsAfter the ICV correction and taking into account differences in socioeconomic status and years of schooling, our results confirm previous findings of proportionally larger GM in women, as well as larger WM volumes. These results in an elderly population indicate that brain volumetric differences between sexes persist throughout the aging process. Additional studies combining MRI and other biomarkers are warranted to identify the hormonal and molecular bases influencing such differences.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms as first manifestation of olfactory groove meningioma - importance of neuroimaging evaluation
Authors: Vaz I. , Maia D. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionNeuropsychiatric symptoms may be the first and only manifestation of brain tumours, while classic neurological symptoms and signs may be minimal or absent at first. These patients will often receive psychiatric treatments for prolonged periods before correct diagnosis.ObjectivesTo report the case of a patient with olfactory groove meningioma presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms as a basis for discussion.MethodsRetrospective review of clinical notes, neuroimaging results and house photos. Literature review.ResultsA 66-year-old woman was brought by police to the psychiatric emergency department Her neighbours had notified authorities of a bad smell, and police found the house was loaded with garbage. The patients reported depressive symptoms in the last 6 months, including apathy, anhedonia, social isolation, decreased appetite and insomnia; loss of basic skills such as cooking or cleaning; she also reported dizziness and two episodes of urinary and faecal incontinence in public. The patient had a history of being medicated for depression between 2000 and 2006. Currently she was taking only alprazolam 1 mg daily. During evaluation she was conscious, oriented and cooperative, with evident hypomimia, psychomotor inhibition and indifferent attitude. Cranial nerve function was preserved except for anosmia. Cranial CT and MRI showed a solid extra-axial tumour of 5.2x3.5x4.9 centimetres compatible with meningioma of the olfactory groove, and she was referred to Neurosurgery for surgical intervention.ConclusionsThis case illustrates the importance of a thorough organic evaluation, including neuroimaging, in the differential diagnosis of patients with atypical symptoms before making a psychiatric diagnosis and instituting treatment.