bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ant Lion Optimization based inertia weight Optimized KGMO for Mobility Management in Heterogeneous LTE Cellular Networks
Authors: G.K Venkata Narasimha Reddy , T Venkata Naga Jayudu , Komarolu Janardhan , Nichenametla Rajesh , Reddy Narayana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A Network densification is understood as a critical process in the development of cellular networks because to the exponentially rising demands of mobile data traffic. One possible technology to fulfil the requirements of exploding data traffic in 5G is the Ultra-dense heterogeneous network (UDHN). 5G networks of the future will feature dense networks that can deliver high data rates in crowded urban areas. As a result, in heterogeneous networks, the amount of interference and the number of handovers (HOs) increases as more small cells are deployed. In this case, mobility management is critical to ensure that the user's communication is uninterrupted while they travel between cells. Kinetic Gas Molecular Optimization (KGMO) and Ant Lion Optimizatio (ALO) are presented in this study as a hybrid optimization-based mobility management strategy for enhancing network performance Initially, the particles of the KGMO such as position and velocity of the gas molecule are calculated based on the kinetic energy. However, KGMO offers faster convergence in large dimensional space and this leads to the hybridization of KGMO. To overcome this issues of KGMO, ALO is used by modifying the inertia weight of KGMO. The simulation setup of proposed KGMO-ALO is done in MATLAB environment and validated with other popular meta-heuristic techniques such as Seagull and monarch butterfly optimizations in terms of throughput, Bit error rate, end-to-end delay and HO.
Dexmedetomidine protects astrocytes from TNFα-induced cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro
Authors: chen yaohua , Qian chunrong , Zhu Dan , li yuping , Qin wanxiang , Cui Jian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
TNFα-induced systemic inflammation and cell injury play pivotal roles in many chronic nervous system diseases. This study assessed the protective effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex), an agonist of the adenosine α2 receptor, on TNFα-induced astrocyte injury and the underlying mechanism. The 1321N1 astrocyte cell line was pretreated with or without with 1 nM Dex and then cultured with 20 μM TNFα for 24 hours. The effects of Dex against TNFα-induced cell injury were examined by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. Our results indicated that Dex attenuated the TNFα-induced arrest of the cell cycle and upregulated the expression of cell cycle-related regulatory proteins, including Ki67 and cyclins A, B, D, and E. Furthermore, Dex significantly suppressed the TNFα-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), prevented the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), and inhibited the upregulation of cleaved caspase 9 but not cleaved caspase 8. Our data suggested that Dex attenuated TNFα-induced cell cycle arrest and the early phase of apoptosis, possibly by improving the function of mitochondria and inhibiting the intrinsic caspase pathway in the early stage of apoptosis through the activation of the α2 receptor.
Data analysis and research reveal the reasons why China still adheres to its “dynamic zero-COVID policy”
Authors: Dai Yeyu , Dai Bingxi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A complete and accurate statistical panorama and analysis of cases contracted with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 subvariant are given under the conditions of strict mandatory quarantine and isolation and of a high rate of full vaccination . A deep analysis is also given for the reasons why China has not ended its strict epidemic prevention restrictions. Sars-Cov-2 is still new, and little is known about either its direction of variation or its propagation laws. China has been thumped by its largest outbreaks of COVID-19 since March. Pervasive arguments arose among people in China and around the world. Here we reveal the essential reasons why China has been and will be adhering to its “dynamic zero-COVID policy” including the choice uniqueness, morbidity differences in different cities, unpredictability, worries of sudden impact to medical system, successful zero clearing in some of the main cities and outstanding economy achievements, etc. Our study provides first-hand solitary and valuable information for further research on similar epidemics in the future. It may bring new thoughts for correction of present epidemiological theory and mathematical models, as well as new theoretical supports for the prevention policy making. It may also give other countries time to be better prepared for the coming 6th wave driven by Omicron BA.2.
DFT study about capturing of toxic sulfur gases over cyclic tetrapyrrole
Authors: Jadoon Tabish 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The development of sensors that can detect hazardous analytes selectively and accurately, particularly sulfur based irritants, is quite essential. The infinite-conjugation in cyclic conducting polymers make them highly sensitive to toxic analytes. We implemented B3LYP-D3/6-311+ G (d, p) level to explore the sensing mechanism of cyclic tetrapyrrole (CTPy) for reliable detection of carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide using the DFT practice. The are in physisorption range i.e. –31.7 to –57.6 kJ mol–1 E for 𝑖𝑛𝑡 sulfur gases over CTPy . Charge transfer interactions in complexes are predicted using natural bond orbital (NBO) and charge decomposition (CDA) analysis. The reduced density gradient (RDG) method supports hydrogen bonding and dispersion interactions in the complexes. The decrease in HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, as well as the red shifting of in UV–Visible λ𝑚𝑎𝑥s pectra, demonstrate sensitivity of CTPy towards sulfur gases. The improved conductivity of complexes is owing to production of numerous energy levels in occupied and virtual orbitals closer to the Fermi level in DOS studies. Furthermore, PDOS spectra reveal that CTPy is chiefly contribute to energy of HOMO. The recent findings show that CTPy has a significant sensitivity to sulfur irritants. We hope that the above findings and their implications will give valuable suggestions for an experimentalist in designing extremely sensitive hazardous analyte sensors employing CTPy.
Characteristics of mukoviscisidosis in the southern regions of Russia
Authors: Kondratieva E. I. , Trishina S. V. , Yurieva A. V. , Komlev N. V. , Tanaga V. A. , Terentiev V. A. , Voronkova A. Yu. , Amelina E. L. , Chernyak A. V. , Krasovskiy S. A. , Brisin V. Yu. , Khachiyan M. M. , Vodovozova E. V. , Enina E. A. , Ledeneva L. N. , Yagubyants E. T. , Chepurnaya M. M. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease with genetic heterogeneity and clinical polymorphism. Expanding the range of knowledge about the characteristics of the course of the disease in different regions is important to achieve the goal of improving the quality and life expectancy.Purpose. Comparative analysis of the features of the course of CF in the subjects of the Southern Federal District, Stavropol Territory.Methods. Data from the National Register of Patients of the RF MV 2016 were used. Results: there are clinical and genetic features between the regions of the Southern Federal District and the Stavropol Territory of the North Caucasus Federal District and in general with the Russian Federation. Analysis of the data showed differences in indicators: the proportion of patients aged ≥ 18 is the lowest in the Republic of Crimea (14.9%), in the Rostov region the lowest average age of patients (9.0 ± 6.3), and the lowest age of diagnosis 2.2 ± 3.1 years. Late terms of diagnosis were revealed in the Stavropol Territory (4.0 ± 8.0 years), but here there is one of the highest average age of CF patients (14.1 ± 11.5), the proportion of adult patients (23.3%) and the lowest allelic frequency of F508del, which is determined by the high number of patients with a “soft” genotype. There is a high proportion of patients with an undetermined genotype. A low proportion of two identified genetic variants of the CFTR gene is registered in patients of the Republic of Crimea. A low frequency of Burkholderia cepacia complex and Achromobacter spp was revealed, and a high infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria was revealed in the Rostov region. FEV1 in children and adults was lower in Rostov Region and Stavropol Territory. In all regions, there is a discrepancy between the seeding of flora and azithromycin therapy and the severity of the genotype with the use of pancreatic enzymes.Conclusions. Analysis of the data of the registry, which allows substantiating the need to study the regional characteristics of the course of CF in order to differentiate the planning of measures to improve the quality of medical care for patients with CF.
The effectiveness of intranasal use of Cyclamen europaeum lyophilisate in the treatment of acute catarrhal rhinosinusitis
Authors: Vladimirova T. Yu. , Chernyshenko I. O. , Kurenkov A. V. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. A large increase in the incidence of catarrhal rhinosinusitis determines the search for new methods of treating these patients. In this regard, the use of herbal preparations for relieving the symptoms of this nosology is of increasing interest. The article discusses the problems of using drugs based on Cyclamen europaeum (CE ) in the treatment of acute catarrhal rhinosinusitis.Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the effectiveness of CE extract in the complex treatment of acute catarrhal rhinosinusitis.Materials and methods. A randomized controlled study was carried out to study the efficacy of cyclamen europaeum extract in outpatients with an established diagnosis of acute catarrhal rhinosinusitis (the presence of 2 or more symptoms of acute rhinosinusitis, the presence of radiological signs of acute catarrhal rhinosinusitis.Results. The results of the study showed that the intranasal use of drugs based on CE in acute catarrhal rhinosinusitis helps to reduce headache, reduces the abundance of nasal discharge, promotes the early restoration of nasal breathing, as well as smell and taste.Discussion. The study objectively confirmed that the use of drugs based on CE has a positive effect on the dynamics of the course of acute catarrhal rhinosinusitis, promotes the early restoration of the epithelium of the nasal mucosa, olfactory function, and also has a positive effect on the restoration of gustatory function.Conclusions. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that it is advisable to use drugs based on CE in the treatment of acute catarrhal rhinosinusitis.
Surfactant therapy for pneumonia COVID-19 of obstetric patients
Authors: Shvechkova M. V. , Kukarskaya I. I. , Bautin A. E. , Legalova T. V. , Marchenko R. N. , Shvechkova A. S. , Kukarskaya E. Yu. , Yakovleva E. A. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Pregnant women may be at increased risk for severe COVID-19 illness. Pregnant women are more likely to be hospitalized at ICU, needed the mechanical ventilation compared to nonpregnant women of childbearing age. Building on the experience of the effective use of the exogenous surfactant for influenza A/H1N1 treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19, the surfactant therapy has also been included in the treatment.The objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of surfactant therapy in the integrated treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia of pregnant women and postpartum women.Materials and methods. The study included 135 pregnant and postpartum women with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. All of them received antiviral, anticoagulant, anticytokine and anti-inflammatory therapy. 68 patients (main group) with an initially more severe course of the disease and a greater degree of lung damage (p = 0.026) received inhalations with Surfactant-BL, 67 patients (control group) did not receive the surfactant therapy. Patients received Surfactant-BL through a mesh-nebulizer at a dose of 75 mg 2 times a day for 3–5 days.Result. Patients of the main group showed decreasing risks of requiring the noninvasive ventilation (27.9% vs. 52.2%, р = 0.014) and artificial lung ventilation (2.9% vs. 11.9%, p = 0.047), the length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) was reduced (10.6 vs. 13.1 inpatient days, р = 0.045). Сomplications such as pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax occurred less frequently in the surfactant therapy group (24.2% vs. 52.4%, p = 0.037) with a high extent of lung damage (CT-3–4). With early surfactant therapy in the standard oxygen therapy stage or high-flow oxygenation, gas exchange indicators were restored faster, thus avoiding mechanical ventilation and has reduced the duration of intensive care (р = 0.004) and prevented deaths.Conclusion. The use of surfactant therapy for pneumonia associated with COVID-19 in pregnant and postpartum women against the background of ongoing complex therapy helps to prevent further lung damage, reduce the mechanical ventilation risk and improve oxygenation earlier, especially with early start of surfactant therapy.
Evaluating the long short-term memory (LSTM) network for discharge prediction under changing climate conditions
Authors: Natel de Moura Carolina , Seibert Jan , Detzel Daniel Henrique Marco 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Better understanding the predictive capabilities of hydrological models under contrasting climate conditions will enable more robust decision-making. Here, we tested the ability of the long short-term memory (LSTM) for daily discharge prediction under changing conditions using six snow-influenced catchments in Switzerland. We benchmarked the LSTM using the Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) bucket-type model with two parameterizations. We compared the model performance under changing conditions against constant conditions and tested the impact of the time-series size used in calibration on the model performance. When calibrated, the LSTM resulted in a much better fit than the HBV. However, in validation, the performance of the LSTM dropped considerably, and the fit was as good or poorer than the HBV performance in validation. Using longer time series in calibration improved the robustness of the LSTM, whereas HBV needed fewer data to ensure a robust parameterization. When using the maximum number of years in calibration, the LSTM was considered robust to simulate discharges in a drier period than the one used in calibration. Overall, the HBV was found to be less sensitive for applications under contrasted climates than the data-driven model. However, other LSTM modeling setups might be able to improve the transferability between different conditions.
Spatial heterogeneity of water quality in a small watershed of an ionic rare earth mining area
Authors: Chen Yonglin , Su Yuxin , Li Haitao , Cheng Linxiu , Guo Linfeng , Zhang Leyao , Ling Liying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The tailwater of ion-type rare earth mines in southern Jiangxi has caused serious water pollution problems in small watersheds. In this study, seven physical and chemical indicators, namely, pH, TOC, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, salinity and redox potential were selected and spatial interpolation, principal component analysis, and geographic detector methods, were used to quantitatively analyze and evaluate the spatial heterogeneity of water quality in the small watersheds in this region. Tailwater pollution in the whole basin of the study area is serious. The spatial difference is manifested as east tributary &gt; mainstream and reservoir area &gt; southern tributary. Source pollution is the smallest, and water quality pollution is mainly manifested by excessive ammonia nitrogen, salinity, and TOC. The spatial differences in the physical and chemical properties of water bodies are significant. The distribution of ammonia nitrogen content is consistent with the spatial distribution of soil and water pollution, while nitrate-nitrogen is the opposite. Other indicators also show a certain spatial regularity, and the spatial regularity of dissolved oxygen content is not obvious. Water pollution in mining areas is mainly due to a large amount of ammonia nitrogen ions remaining in the mountains. As a result, the southern tributary ecological pool has an obvious purification effect on water quality. Salinity is extremely affected by ammonia nitrogen and TOC, oxidation-reduction potential is affected by pH and TOC, and TOC is influenced by ammonia nitrogen and pH. Salinity, ammonia nitrogen, and TOC are the potential risk factors of major pollution. The changes in the physical and chemical properties of the pollution index are not independent of each other. From the perspective of macro and micro, the comprehensive water pollution assessment system is adopted to provide a new idea for the prevention and control of rare earth industry tail water pollution, and further make exploratory efforts for the study of industrial wastewater pollution.
The Effectiveness of Combining Nonmobile Interventions With the Use of Smartphone Apps With Various Features for Weight Loss: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Antoun Jumana , Itani Hala , Alarab Natally , Elsehmawy Amir 
Published: April 2022

Background
The effectiveness of smartphone apps for weight loss is limited by the diversity of interventions that accompany such apps. This research extends the scope of previous systematic reviews by including 2 subgroup analyses based on nonmobile interventions that accompanied smartphone use and human-based versus passive behavioral interventions.

Objective
The primary objective of this study is to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis of studies that evaluated the effectiveness of smartphone apps on weight loss in the context of other interventions combined with app use. The secondary objective is to measure the impact of different mobile app features on weight loss and mobile app adherence.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies after an extensive search of the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EBSCO databases from inception to January 31, 2022. Gray literature, such as abstracts and conference proceedings, was included. Working independently, 2 investigators extracted the data from the articles, resolving disagreements by consensus. All randomized controlled trials that used smartphone apps in at least 1 arm for weight loss were included. The weight loss outcome was the change in weight from baseline to the 3- and 6-month periods for each arm. Net change estimates were pooled across the studies using random-effects models to compare the intervention group with the control group. The risk of bias was assessed independently by 2 authors using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized trials.

Results
Overall, 34 studies were included that evaluated the use of a smartphone app in at least 1 arm. Compared with controls, the use of a smartphone app–based intervention showed a significant weight loss of –1.99 kg (95% CI –2.19 to –1.79 kg; I2=81%) at 3 months and –2.80 kg (95% CI –3.03 to –2.56 kg; I2=91%) at 6 months. In the subgroup analysis, based on the various intervention components that were added to the mobile app, the combination of the mobile app, tracker, and behavioral interventions showed a statistically significant weight loss of –2.09 kg (95% CI –2.32 to –1.86 kg; I2=91%) and –3.77 kg (95% CI –4.05 to –3.49 kg; I2=90%) at 3 and 6 months, respectively. When a behavioral intervention was present, only the combination of the mobile app with intensive behavior coaching or feedback by a human coach showed a statistically significant weight loss of –2.03 kg (95% CI –2.80 to –1.26 kg; I2=83%) and –2.63 kg (95% CI –2.97 to –2.29 kg; I2=91%) at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Neither the type nor the number of mobile app features was associated with weight loss.

Conclusions
Smartphone apps have a role in weight loss management. Nevertheless, the human-based behavioral component remained key to higher weight loss results.
Efficacy of a Unani formulation in the treatment of Quba (Dermatophytosis): a single blind, randomized and standard controlled trial
Authors: Ahmed Jameel , Rather Shameem Ahmad , Bhat Shabir Ahmad 
Published: April 2022

Background and objectives: Dermatophytosis or ringworm (Qūbā) is one of the commonest and oldest skin diseases, existing before its true mycological nature was discovered. More than a million healthy as well as immunocompromised individuals are the victims of this infection worldwide. Quba is a well-known disease entity in Unani medicine and is treated successfully since centuries. The present study was designed to compare the safety and efficacy of a Unani formulation and Terbinafine in its management.
Methods: Sixty diagnosed cases of ringworm aged between 15- 60 years fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected for the study and randomly allocated after obtaining voluntary informed consent into two groups of 30 each viz. Group A (test) and Group B (control). A Unani topical formulation, Ushq (Dorema ammoniacum) & Sirka (Vinegar) in test group and Terbinafine 1% Cream in control group was applied locally twice a day for 60 days. Patients were followed and assessed clinically for severity score of color, scaling, itching, margins, size of the lesion and Dermatology Life Quality Index score on every follow up, and KOH mount test was done before and after the study.
Results: The test and control drugs showed statistically significant reduction in scores of most of the subjective parameters and KOH (p<0.001) for intra group analysis, while as no significant difference for inter group analysis (p>0.05) was observed statistically.
Conclusion: Unani topical formulation, Ushq (Dorema ammoniacum) & Sirka (Vinegar) is equally effective and safe as Terbinafine 1% Cream in treating ringworm.
Keywords: Dermatophytosis, Dorema ammoniacum, Qūbā, Ringworm, Sirka, Ushq
Admiral I.F. Kruzenshtern on the preservation of the health of sailors on ships
Authors: Zholus B. I. , Petreev I. V. , Shevchuk I. A. , Grechishkin N. I. , Lizunov Yu. V. 
Published: April 2022

The content of the report of Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern at the meeting of the Petrovsky Academy of Sciences «On the preservation of the health of sailors on ships» (1838) is considered from the point of view of a historical example of a deep understanding and interest of the commander of a warship in preserving the health of the crew. In his opinion, the reason for the high morbidity and mortality on the ships of the Russian Fleet were damp, insufficiently ventilated rooms, inadequate food, substandard drinking water, dirty linen and clothing of sailors (due to the inability to wash), lack of fresh vegetables, as well as tedious ship work and the sad disposition of the crew. Admiral I. F. Kruzenshtern instructed young officers in all ways to exclude these reasons for preserving the health and combat capability of the crew.The purpose of the study: to analyze archival materials about the views of Admiral I. F. Kruzenshtern on the issues of preserving the health of sailors during long sea voyages.Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis and scientific generalization of archival materials of Admiral of the Russian Fleet I. F. Kruzenshtern.Results and their discussion. The rules formulated by the admiral on the basis of personal experience, almost 200 years ago, remain relevant and today they form the basis of the requirements of the Naval Charter for the protection of the health of military sailors and constitute the essence of modern naval hygiene.