bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Chinese policy banks' overseas lending favor Belt Road Initiative countries?
Authors: Chen Xin , Fang Heyang , Liu Yun , Zhang Yifei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper examines how Chinese policy banks responded to China's Belt Road Initiative (BRI) using transaction‐level international syndicated loan data. Employing a difference‐in‐differences (DID) estimation, we show that Chinese policy banks increased aggregate lending (number of loans and loan amounts) to firms from the BRI countries compared to those from the non‐BRI countries after the initiative. This increase was more pronounced among firms along the continental route and in the infrastructure sectors. We also find that Chinese policy banks' loans to the BRI borrowers were associated with reduced spread, lowered collateral requirement, and extended maturity. Moreover, our results suggest that Chinese policy banks gave more support to firms from the BRI countries with weaker economic performance, more fragile institutional quality, and closer political interests. Overall, our study highlights the supportive role played by Chinese policy banks in implementing a national globalization strategy.
Cell Surface Calcium-Sensing Receptor Heterodimers: Mutant Gene Dosage Affects Ca2+ Sensing but Not G Protein Interaction
Authors: Goolam Mahvash A. , Brown Alice P. , Edwards Kimberly T. , Gregory Karen J. , Leach Katie , Conigrave Arthur D. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The calcium-sensing receptor is a homodimeric class C G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that senses extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+o) via a dimeric extracellular Venus flytrap (VFT) unit that activates G protein-dependent signaling via twin Cysteine-rich domains linked to transmembrane heptahelical (HH) bundles. It plays a key role in the regulation of human calcium and thus mineral metabolism. However, the nature of interactions between VFT units and HH bundles, and the impacts of heterozygous or homozygous inactivating mutations, which have implications for disorders of calcium metabolism are not yet clearly defined. Herein we generated CaSR-GABAB1 and CaSR-GABAB2 chimeras subject to GABAB-dependent endoplasmic reticulum sorting to traffic mutant heterodimers to the cell surface. Transfected HEK-293 cells were assessed for Ca2+o-stimulated Ca2+i mobilization using mutations in either the VFT domains and/or HH bundle intraloop-2 or intraloop-3. When the same mutation was present in both VFT domains of receptor dimers, analogous to homozygous neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT), receptor function was markedly impaired. Mutant heterodimers containing one wild-type (WT) and one mutant VFT domain, however, corresponding to heterozygous familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type-1 (FHH-1), supported maximal signaling with reduced Ca2+o potency. Thus two WT VFT domains were required for normal Ca2+o potency and there was a pronounced gene-dosage effect. In contrast, a single WT HH bundle was insufficient for maximal signaling and there was no functional difference between heterodimers in which the mutation was present in one or both intraloops; ie, no gene-dosage effect. Finally, we observed that the Ca2+o-stimulated CaSR operated exclusively via signaling in-trans and not via combined in-trans and in-cis signaling. We consider how receptor asymmetry may support the underlying mechanisms. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Current use, training, and barriers in point‐of‐care ultrasound in hospital medicine: A national survey of VA hospitals
Authors: Williams Jason P. , Nathanson Robert , LoPresti Charles M. , Mader Michael J. , Haro Elizabeth K. , Drum Brandy , O'Brien Edward , Khosla Rahul , Boyd Jeremy S. , Bales Brian , Wetherbee Erin , Sauthoff Harald , Schott Christopher K. , Basrai Zahir , Resop Dana , Lucas Brian P. , Soni Nilam J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPoint‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) can reduce procedural complications and improve the diagnostic accuracy of hospitalists. Currently, it is unknown how many practicing hospitalists use POCUS, which applications are used most often, and what barriers to POCUS use exist.ObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize current POCUS use, training needs, and barriers to use among hospital medicine groups (HMGs).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA prospective observational study of all Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers was conducted between August 2019 and March 2020 using a web‐based survey sent to all chiefs of HMGs. These data were compared to a similar survey conducted in 2015.ResultChiefs from 117 HMGs were surveyed, with a 90% response rate. There was ongoing POCUS use in 64% of HMGs. From 2015 to 2020, procedural POCUS use decreased by 19%, but diagnostic POCUS use increased for cardiac (8%), pulmonary (7%), and abdominal (8%) applications. The most common barrier to POCUS use was lack of training (89%), and only 34% of HMGs had access to POCUS training. Access to ultrasound equipment was the least common barrier (57%). The proportion of HMGs with ≥1 ultrasound machine increased from 29% to 71% from 2015 to 2020. An average of 3.6 ultrasound devices per HMG was available, and 45% were handheld devices.ConclusionFrom 2015 to 2020, diagnostic POCUS use increased, while procedural use decreased among hospitalists in the VA system. Lack of POCUS training is currently the most common barrier to POCUS use among hospitalists.
Digital credit and the gender gap in financial inclusion: Empirical evidence from Kenya
Authors: Johnen Constantin , Mußhoff Oliver 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFormal digital credit raises hopes to decrease the gender gap in financial inclusion. However, up until now, it remains unknown whether these hopes are justified. Using nationally representative household surveys from Kenya, the present study aims to fill this gap. We find strong indication that formal digital credit, contrasting to expectations, has led to an increase in the gender gap in financial inclusion. We further find indication that the pervasive gender gap in the formal digital credit market is largely attributable to gender differences in socio‐economic variables in combination with a lack of contract term heterogeneity in that market. The paper suggests that policies to strengthen women's position in society and/or to encourage contract term heterogeneity in the formal digital credit market could decrease the gender gap in financial inclusion.
Antecedents and innovation outcomes of not‐invented‐here syndrome – Examination at individual, managerial, and organizational levels
Authors: Vanska Anu , Hurmelinna‐Laukkanen Pia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA negatively shaped attitude‐based bias towards external knowledge—the not‐invented‐here (NIH) syndrome—may constitute a significant obstacle for effective adoption of external knowledge and impair organizational innovativeness. The goal of this study is to shed light to the question how organizational and managerial features drive individual NIH, and how NIH connects further to individual innovativeness. Analysis of survey data collected from 93 employees reveals a joint effect of person‐organization fit and leader‐member exchange on NIH, and a negative association between NIH and innovative work behavior. Contrary to expectations, person‐organization fit and perceived innovativeness of organizational culture do not have joint effects on NIH. The findings contribute to the development of a theoretical model of the interplay between individual‐, managerial‐ and organizational‐level antecedents and consequences of the NIH syndrome.
Symptom Outcomes After Sialendoscopy‐Assisted Salivary Duct Surgery: A Prospective 6‐Year Study
Authors: Callander Jacquelyn K. , Plonowska‐Hirschfeld Karolina , Gulati Arushi , Chang Jolie L. , Ryan William R. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThe objective is to evaluate the long‐term impact of sialendoscopic‐assisted salivary duct surgery (SASDS) on sialadenitis symptoms using the Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms (COSS) questionnaire.MethodsThe COSS questionnaire, which scores symptoms on a 0–100 scale, was administered prospectively to adult patients pre‐operatively, 1‐year, and 6‐years post‐operatively. We examined COSS scores and categories representing complete (<10), partial (10–25), and no (>25) resolution of symptoms with attention to factors significantly associated with incomplete resolution (≥10).ResultsApproximately 6‐years after SASDS, 111 patients reported scores for 128 symptomatic glands (72 with sialolithiasis, 56 without sialolithiasis). For glands with sialolithiasis, the median COSS score pre‐SASDS was 27.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 13.5–43), which was significantly reduced to 1.0 (IQR: 0–5.5) at 1‐year and 1.5 (IQR 0–5) at 6‐years postoperatively. Glands without sialolithiasis had a median COSS score of 40.5 (IQR: 23–52.5) preoperatively, that significantly reduced to 13.5 (IQR 5–21) at 1‐year and 14 (IQR 6.5–25.5) at 6‐years post‐operatively. There was no significant difference in scores from 1‐ to 6‐years. Intraoperative presence of sialolith, absence of stenosis, stenosis in the distal duct, and submandibular gland involvement were significant predictors of complete resolution of symptoms at 6‐years.ConclusionApproximately 6‐years after SASDS for sialadenitis, the majority of patients have durable symptom improvement. The sialolithiasis group had higher rates of complete resolution compared to the non‐sialolithiasis group. Presence of ductal stenosis on sialendoscopy, non‐distal stenoses, and parotid gland involvement were risk factors for persistent long‐term sialadenitis symptoms. Laryngoscope, 133:792–800, 2023
Heterogeneous glycosylation and methylation of the Aeromonas caviae flagellin
Authors: Lowry Rebecca C. , Allihaybi Laila , Parker Jennifer L. , Couto Narciso A. S. , Stafford Graham P. , Shaw Jonathan G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBacterial swimming is mediated by the rotation of a flagellar filament. Many bacteria are now known to be able to O‐glycosylate their flagellins, the proteins that make up the flagellar filament. For bacteria that use nonulosonic acid sugars such as pseudaminic acid, this glycosylation process is essential for the formation of a functional flagellum. However, the specific role of glycosylation remains elusive. Aeromonas caviae is a model for this process as it has a genetically simple glycosylation system. Here, we investigated the localization of the glycans on the A. caviae flagellum filament. Using mass spectrometry it was revealed that pseudaminic acid O‐glycosylation was heterogeneous with no serine or threonine sites that were constantly glycosylated. Site‐directed mutagenesis of particular glycosylation sites in most cases resulted in strains that had reduced motility and produced less detectable flagellin on Western blots. For flagellin O‐linked glycosylation, there is no known consensus sequence, although hydrophobic amino acids have been suggested to play a role. We, therefore, performed site‐directed mutagenesis of isoleucine or leucine residues flanking the sites of glycosylation and demonstrated a reduction in motility and the amount of flagellin present in the cells, indicating a role for these hydrophobic amino acids in the flagellin glycosylation process.
Differential Immunometabolic Effects of High‐Fat Diets Containing Coconut, Sunflower, and Extra Virgin Olive Oils in Female Mice
Authors: Rodríguez‐García Carmen , Sánchez‐Quesada Cristina , Algarra Ignacio , Gaforio José J. 
Published: July 2022

ScopeTo compare the effects of three high‐fat diets (HFDs) based on coconut, sunflower, or extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) on adipose tissue, metabolism, and inflammation.Methods and ResultsMice are fed for 16 weeks on their respective HFD. HFD based on coconut oil produces significantly lower body weight than EVOO‐ or sunflower oil‐based HFDs. Furthermore, the coconut oil HFD leads to metabolic disturbances such as reduction of circulating leptin and adiponectin concentrations, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly, and liver triglyceride accumulation. Likewise, this diet produces an increase in serum pro‐inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 [IL‐6] and tumor necrosis factor‐α [TNF‐α]). In white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue, the HFD based on coconut oil does not cause significant changes in the expression of studied proteins related to thermogenesis (uncoupling protein 1 [UCP‐1]), mitochondrial biogenesis, and browning (peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator 1α [PGC‐1α] and nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 [Nrf2]). However, the HFD based on EVOO induces upregulation of UCP‐1, PGC‐1α, and Nrf2 expression in BAT, increases the expression of UCP‐1 and PGC‐1α in inguinal WAT, and enhances the expression of PGC‐1α in epididymal WAT.ConclusionsAn HFD based on coconut oil could reduce circulating leptin and adiponectin concentrations, increase the liver fat content, raise serum triglycerides, and promote inflammation by increasing circulating pro‐inflammatory cytokines, while an EVOO‐based HFD could increase thermogenic activity.
Findings of 18F‐PI‐2620 tau PET imaging in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy controls in relation to the plasma P‐tau181 levels in a Japanese sample
Authors: Bun Shogyoku , Moriguchi Sho , Tezuka Toshiki , Sato Yoshiaki , Takahata Keisuke , Seki Morinobu , Nakajima Shinichiro , Yamamoto Yasuharu , Sano Yasunori , Suzuki Natsumi , Morimoto Ayaka , Ueda Ryo , Tabuchi Hajime , Ito Daisuke , Mimura Masaru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. In AD, abnormal tau accumulates within neurons of the brain, facilitated by extracellular β‐amyloid deposition, leading to neurodegeneration, and eventually, cognitive impairment. As this process is thought to be irreversible, early identification of abnormal tau in the brain is crucial for the development of new therapeutic interventions.Aims18F‐PI‐2620 is one of the second‐generation tau PET tracers with presumably less off‐target binding than its predecessors. Although a few clinical studies have recently reported the use of 18F‐PI‐2620 tau PET in patients with AD, its applicability to AD is yet to be thoroughly examined.MethodsIn the present pilot study, we performed 18F‐PI‐2620 tau PET in seven cases of probable AD (AD group) and seven healthy controls (HC group). Standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) in regions of interest (ROIs) in the medial temporal region and neocortex were compared between the AD and HC groups. Furthermore, correlations between regional SUVR and plasma p‐tau181 as well as cognitive test scores were also analyzed.ResultsThe uptake of 18F‐PI‐2620 was distinctly increased in the AD group across all the ROIs. SUVR in all the target ROIs were significantly correlated with plasma p‐tau181 levels, as well as with MMSE and ADAS‐cog scores.Discussion & ConclusionOur results add to accumulating evidence suggesting that 18F‐PI‐2620 is a promising tau PET tracer that allows patients with AD to be distinguished from healthy controls, although a study with a larger sample size is warranted.
Investigation of serum and adipose tissue levels of asprosin in patients with severe obesity undergoing sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Cantay Hasan , Binnetoglu Kenan , Gul Huseyin Fatih , Bingol Seyit Ali 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to reveal the relationship between obesity and asprosin (fibrillin‐1) in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and to investigate the role of asprosin in obesity etiopathogenesis.MethodsThe study included 37 patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for severe obesity and 37 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis in the study and control groups, respectively. Blood samples were collected from the patients in the preoperative period to measure biochemical parameters. Blood samples were collected at 6 months postoperatively from the patients in the study group to compare their pre‐ and postoperative serum asprosin levels.ResultsA significant intergroup difference in terms of mean asprosin levels in adipose tissue was noted (p = 0.001). A comparison of preoperative and postoperative 6‐month serum asprosin levels in the study group showed significant differences (p = 0.021). The area under the curve of asprosin tissue levels was 78.1%, and the cutoff value was 217.34 ng/g of protein, with a sensitivity and specificity of 73.0%. Tissue levels of asprosin were found to increase the risk of obesity by a factor of 1.018 (odds ratio; 95% CI: 1.008‐1.027).ConclusionsSerum asprosin levels decreased significantly at 6 months after bariatric surgery. Adipose tissue of patients with obesity showed high asprosin levels and immunoreactivity. In conclusion, asprosin levels in adipose tissue were considered a potential independent risk factor in obesity etiopathogenesis.
Synthesis and characterization of ternary layered double hydroxide containing zinc/copper/nickel and its PANI composite
Authors: Pathak Jigyasa , Singh Poonam 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, ternary layered double hydroxide (LDH) containing Zn, Cu, and Ni was synthesized successfully using hydrolysis route. Upon calcination at a lower temperature of 350 °C, the synthesized lattice transformed into ZnO containing Cu and Ni that can be reformed back to the layered structure simply by a phenomenon known as ‘memory effect’. Furthermore, the synthesized lattice was used for the formation of polyaniline (PANI)‐based composite material. The structural and morphological details of the as‐prepared samples were studied using various spectroscopic techniques, that is, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (SEM–EDX), indicating the formation of single‐phase ternary LDH as well as the successful incorporation of PANI in the interlayer region. Owing to the combined advantages of LDH and conducting polymer (PANI), zinc copper nickel layered double hydroxide (ZnCuNi‐LDH)/PANI composite may be exploited as a potential candidate for a variety of applications in the future.
Registration of ‘USDA Fortress’ winter feed barley with multiple aphid resistance
Authors: Mornhinweg Dolores W. , Carver Brett Frederick , Springer Tim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract‘USDA Fortress’ (Reg. no. CV‐375, PI 696161), a multiple aphid‐resistant, high yielding, six‐rowed, mid‐season–maturing, winter feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) adapted to the Southern Plains, was developed and released by USDA‐ARS in Stillwater, OK. USDA Fortress is highly resistant to Russian wheat aphid [RWA; Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov)] and greenbug [Shizaphis graminum (Rondani)], with seedling resistance to the new invasive pest, hedgehog grain aphid [HGA; Sipha maydis (Passerini)]. USDA Fortress has the pedigree ‘Post 90’ *4/R012. Recurrent parent Post 90 has Rsg1 resistance to greenbug, and R012 is an unadapted RWA‐resistant germplasm line selected by USDA‐ARS Stillwater from PI 10706. Post 90 and USDA Fortress rate 2 on Starks’ greenbug resistance scale of 1–9, while USDA Fortress and R012 rate a 3 on Websters Russian wheat aphid resistance scale of 1–9, where 1 is immune and 9 is dead on both scales. Over 17 location‐years, in the absence of aphids, grain yield of USDA Fortress was 19 and 12% greater than ‘Thoroughbred’ and Post 90, respectively. USDA Fortress has average test weight of 60 kg hl–1 and has stable grain yield over state‐wide variability in climatic conditions. USDA Fortress is the first multiple‐aphid resistant barley cultivar in the United States.
“Never good enough.” A situated understanding of the impact of digitalization on citizens living in a low socioeconomic position
Authors: Goedhart Nicole S. , Verdonk Petra , Dedding Christine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDigital inequality is a critical issue in our knowledge economy. Often digital inequality is framed as a problem that only older people encounter. This rather stereotypical portrayal can result in improvised and unsuccessful policy actions. The goal of the article is to take the experiences of citizens who never or seldom use information and communication technology as a point of departure to show the impact and outcomes of digitalization on the lives of people with a low socioeconomic position (LSEP) and across different intersections, such as gender, poverty, ethnicity, and age. The results of this qualitative study emphasize that not being able to use the Internet negatively impacts feelings of belonging and self‐confidence. Citizens need to invest continually in new or different equipment and in skills to keep up. Opportunities to invest are shaped at the nexus of gender, class, educational level, and occupational status. Therefore, simply training people in particular digital skills is insufficient. We show that the complexity of digital inequality and its interrelatedness with social inequalities along lines of class, age, gender, and ethnicity demand that policy and practices address digital inequality across the entire scope.
Azathioprine‐induced pancytopenia: A case report
Authors: Sigdel Keshav Raj , Thapa Astha , Dahal Agnimshwor , Panthi Ramchandra , Adhikari Krishan , Shrestha Pradeep , Lama Mipsang , Poudyal Buddhi , Basnyat Buddha 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAzathioprine (AZA) is commonly used as immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Myelosuppression is a common side effect of AZA. Here we report a case of severe myelosuppression following AZA therapy in a 15‐year‐old girl despite a normal thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) level. She had been receiving AZA for SLE and presented with neutropenic fever and pancytopenia. AZA was stopped. After stopping AZA, her blood counts steadily improved. When TPMT genotyping results were normal, AZA was reintroduced. Pancytopenia reappeared after starting AZA, despite normal TPMT genotype. AZA was replaced with mycophenolate mofetil which consequently resulted in improvement of blood counts. It is essential to understand the temporal relationship between AZA use and pancytopenia onset in patients with normal TPMT activity. This case illustrates that regular monitoring of blood cell counts should be routine practice after starting AZA regardless of TPMT activity.
Stress, anxiety, emotion regulation and social support in parent‐child dyads prior to and during the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Journault Audrey‐Ann , Beaumont Emy , Lupien Sonia J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn March 2020, and in order to assess the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on stress and mental health in parent‐child dyads using pre‐pandemic measures, we recontacted participants from a 2019 study. A total of 136 dyads of Canadian parents (77% mothers, mean age = 44.48 years/old) and children (63% girls, 77% aged 10–12 years/old and 23% aged 15–17 years/old) completed self‐report measures of perceived stress, anxiety (state/sensitivity) and emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal/expressive suppression). Children additionally completed measures of co‐rumination and perceived social support from friends, parents, and teachers. Results revealed a significant increase in parents' stress and state anxiety during the pandemic compared to before, but not in their children. Dyads' anxiety sensitivity remained unchanged, as well as parents' use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Children showed similar use of cognitive reappraisal, but less expressive suppression and co‐rumination during the pandemic compared to before. Children reported similar perceived social support from all sources over time. Finally, parental and children scores were not significantly correlated at either time. These results suggest that during the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, parents and children responded differently in terms of stress, anxiety, and emotion regulation strategies.