bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CO2‐Einbindung in Porenbeton und Kalksandstein durch Recarbonatisierung
Authors: Walther Hartmut B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDie Reduzierung von Treibhausgasemissionen ist gegenwärtig eine der größten Herausforderungen für die Menschheit. Neue Daten zur Freisetzung und Fixierung von CO2 finden deshalb Eingang in Ökobilanzen und Umweltproduktdeklarationen (EPD) von Bauprodukten und betreffen gem. der gültigen DIN EN 15804:2020‐03 nicht nur die Produktherstellung, sondern den gesamten Produktlebenszyklus. Bindemittelgebundene Baustoffe nehmen über dessen Verlauf CO2 wieder auf, das bei der Herstellung von Zement und Branntkalk freigesetzt wurde. Für Porenbeton und Kalksandstein kann diese Menge aus dem Rohstoffeinsatz errechnet werden. Die Reduzierung ist absolut und auf die eingesetzte Bindemittelmasse bezogen. Damit kann sie umfassend und ohne Einfluss des verwendeten Datenbanksystems der Hintergrunddaten in EPD Anwendung finden.
Divergent natural selection alters male sperm competition success in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Dobler Ralph , Charette Marc , Kaplan Katrin , Turnell Biz R. , Reinhardt Klaus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSexually selected traits may also be subject to non‐sexual selection. If optimal trait values depend on environmental conditions, then “narrow sense” (i.e., non‐sexual) natural selection can lead to local adaptation, with fitness in a certain environment being highest among individuals selected under that environment. Such adaptation can, in turn, drive ecological speciation via sexual selection. To date, most research on the effect of narrow‐sense natural selection on sexually selected traits has focused on precopulatory measures like mating success. However, postcopulatory traits, such as sperm function, can also be under non‐sexual selection, and have the potential to contribute to population divergence between different environments. Here, we investigate the effects of narrow‐sense natural selection on male postcopulatory success in Drosophila melanogaster. We chose two extreme environments, low oxygen (10%, hypoxic) or high CO2 (5%, hypercapnic) to detect small effects. We measured the sperm defensive (P1) and offensive (P2) capabilities of selected and control males in the corresponding selection environment and under control conditions. Overall, selection under hypoxia decreased both P1 and P2, while selection under hypercapnia had no effect. Surprisingly, P1 for both selected and control males was higher under both ambient hypoxia and ambient hypercapnia, compared to control conditions, while P2 was lower under hypoxia. We found limited evidence for local adaptation: the positive environmental effect of hypoxia on P1 was greater in hypoxia‐selected males than in controls. We discuss the implications of our findings for the evolution of postcopulatory traits in response to non‐sexual and sexual selection.
Disturbance reduces fungal white‐rot litter mat cover in a wet subtropical forest
Authors: Lodge D. Jean , Van Beusekom Ashley E. , González Grizelle , Sánchez‐Julia Mareli , Stankavich Sarah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFungi that bind leaf litter into mats and produce white‐rot via degradation of lignin and other aromatic compounds influence forest nutrient cycling and soil fertility. Extent of white‐rot litter mats formed by basidiomycete fungi in Puerto Rico decreased in response to disturbances—a simulated hurricane treatment executed by canopy trimming and debris addition in 2014, a drought in 2015, a treefall, and two hurricanes 10 days apart in September 2017. Percent fungal litter mat cover ranged from 0.4% after Hurricanes Irma and Maria to a high of 53% in forest with undisturbed canopy prior to the 2017 hurricanes, with means mostly between 10% and 45% of fungal litter mat cover in undisturbed forest. Drought decreased litter mat cover in both treatments, except in one control plot dominated by a drought‐resistant fungus, Marasmius crinis‐equi. Percent fungal litter mat cover sharply declined after hurricanes, a treefall, and a simulated hurricane treatment. Solar radiation was significantly inversely correlated with relative humidity (RH) and percent litter mat cover within each of the four climatic seasons. Solar radiation was also directly correlated with prior month litterfall, while RH was moderately correlated with throughfall, rain, and litter wetness. However, rainfall was inversely correlated with litter mat cover, possibly due to erosion or saturation during high rainfall events. Canopy opening reduced leaf fall and litter mat cover but these variables were not correlated except in winter. The main factor inhibiting basidiomycete fungi that bind leaf litter into mats was likely lower litter moisture associated with drought and increased solar radiation from canopy opening but secondary compounds in green litterfall may have contributed. Although higher litterfall likely increases fungal mat cover under closed canopy, changes in environmental factors apparently had a stronger inhibitory effect following canopy disturbances. Drought tolerance of some basidiomycete fungal litter mat species provided some resilience to drought.
Gradient of microbial communities around seagrass roots was mediated by sediment grain size
Authors: Zhang Xia , Liu Songlin , Jiang Zhijian , Wu Yunchao , Huang Xiaoping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough research on plant rhizosphere is extensive, studies focusing on rhizoplane, rhizosphere, and outer rhizosphere of seagrass remain rare. Here, we present a detailed characterization across root‐associated microbiomes of the seagrass Enhalus acoroides at two locations (Xincun Bay and Li'an Harbor in Hainan, South China) with different sediment properties. The metabolic activity and composition of microbial communities within the rhizoplane (R), rhizosphere (SR), and outer rhizosphere (OR) compartments were compared using the Biolog‐Eco method and high‐throughput sequencing, respectively. These results showed R sediment had the highest metabolic ability in utilizing carbon substrates, followed by SR and OR in both locations, which indicated higher or more diverse carbon resources in sediment in proximity to the roots. With respect to bacterial diversity, our study showed that the OR region supported the highest biodiversity (α indices), followed by SR and R communities, which revealed the strongest selective effect of rhizoplane niche. With respect to community composition, three root‐associated communities at Xincun Bay were characterized by a decreasing trend in relative abundance of Sulfurovum and Sulfurimonas (sulfide oxidizers belonging to Episilonproteobacteria) from R to OR, which revealed their better adaption to lower oxygen concentrations and lower available carbon conditions. Vibrio and Photobacterium assigned to Gammaproteobacteria were highly enriched in rhizoplane compared with SR and OR at Li'an Harbor, which may play an important role in nutrient cycling around the seagrass roots. On the other hand, the gradient of bacterial community structure and metabolic capability created by seagrass roots was more obvious at Li'an Harbor than that at Xincun Bay, which may be related to sediment grain size.
Environmental DNA detection and abundance estimates comparable to conventional methods for three freshwater larval species at a power plant discharge
Authors: Bradley Douglas L. , Morey Kevin C. , Bourque Danielle A. , Fost Brooks , Loeza‐Quintana Tzitziki , Hanner Robert H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEarly life stage (ELS) fishes provide a valuable metric for species, population, and ecosystem monitoring. Industrial, manufacturing, and power generating facilities in the United States can be required to monitor ELS fishes to assess impacts of facility intake waters. Traditional methods for collecting, identifying, and enumerating ELS fishes include ichthyoplankton netting and pumping from intake and discharge waters. However, sampling at these sites can prove challenging from logistical and safety standpoints, with added challenges of identifying and post‐processing of ELS fishes to quantify facility impacts on waterbodies for regulatory purposes. Methods utilizing environmental DNA (eDNA) may offer improvements in these areas. This study assessed the utility of novel, species‐specific qPCR assays to detect eDNA from three differentially abundant fish species (alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus; Wilson, 1811), gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum; Lesueur, 1818), and yellow perch (Perca flavescens; Mitchill, 1814)) at the outflow of an industrial site. eDNA concentrations were compared with abundance estimates derived from two conventional collection methods to explore the potential utility of eDNA‐based methods in future monitoring. The likelihood of detecting gizzard shad, yellow perch, and alewife in the discharge waters of the power generation station was not significantly different among eDNA, plankton netting, or pump sampling. Results suggest successful detections differ by species and time of year for each method. Gizzard shad eDNA relative abundance correlated strongly with total larval abundances captured by the pumping but not the netting methods, whereas yellow perch eDNA abundance was found to correlate with both conventional methods. Alewife was not detected by any method, consistent with documentation of the decline in this species within the lake. Overall, our study found a positive relationship between eDNA abundance and larval fish abundance in both daily and seasonal sampling, suggesting that fluctuations in eDNA concentration may be linked to larval abundance.
First Report for the Electrooxidation of Antifungal Anidulafungin: Application to its Voltammetric Determination in Parenteral Lyophilized Formulation Using a Boron‐doped Diamond Electrode in the Presence of Anionic Surfactant
Authors: Özok Hande İzem , Allahverdiyeva Shabnam , Yardım Yavuz , Şentürk Zühre 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, for the first time, the study of electrochemical oxidation and electroanalytical determination of anidulafungin (ANF), a semi‐synthetic echinocandin with antifungal activity was conducted. For this purpose, a commercially available boron‐doped diamond (BDD) electrode pretreated electrochemically (anodic and subsequent cathodic) was used. Employing cyclic voltammetry, the compound presented a single and irreversible oxidation step. The electrode process is controlled by a dual mechanism of diffusion and adsorption. A systematic study of various experimental conditions, such as the effect of electrode pretreatment, pH and the nature of the supporting electrolyte, surfactant, accumulation variables, and instrumental parameters on the adsorption behavior of ANF, was carried out by using square‐wave voltammetry. When the stripping mode (after 90 s accumulation at +0.3 V) was applied in 0.1 mol L−1 HNO3 containing 3×10−4 mol L−1 SDS, there was a linear dependence between the oxidation peak current at +1.29 V and the ANF concentration in the range from 0.1 to 10.0 μg mL−1 (8.8×10−8–8.8×10−6 mol L−1). The limit of detection value was found to be 0.021 μg mL−1 (1.8×10−8 mol L−1). Practical applicability of the proposed method was demonstrated in commercial parenteral dosage form.
Evaluating a motivational and psycho‐educational self‐help intervention for athletes with mild eating disorder symptoms: A mixed methods feasibility study
Authors: Sandgren Sebastian S. , Haycraft Emma , Arcelus Jon , Plateau Carolyn R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe primary aim was to assess the feasibility of undertaking a study evaluating the novel Motivational and Psycho‐Educational Self‐Help Programme for Athletes with Mild Eating Disorder Symptoms (MOPED‐A). A mixed‐methods approach was adopted to explore the feasibility of recruiting and retaining participants, and to evaluate the acceptability of measures, procedures and the intervention. A secondary aim was to explore the potential efficacy of MOPED‐A in reducing athletes' eating disorder symptoms.MethodThirty‐five athletes were recruited. Participation involved completing MOPED‐A over a 6‐week period and completing self‐report measures at baseline (T1), post‐intervention (T2) and 4‐week follow‐up (T3). A subsample (n = 15) completed an interview at T2.ResultsRetention was good throughout the study (n = 28; 80%). Quantitative and qualitative feedback suggested the format, delivery, content and dosage of MOPED‐A were acceptable. Athletes valued that the intervention was tailored to them, and this facilitated both participation and completion. Over a third of participants reported disclosing their eating difficulties and deciding to seek further support. Large reductions in eating disorder symptoms were detected at T2 and sustained at T3.ConclusionsThe MOPED‐A intervention can be feasibly implemented, is acceptable to participants, and demonstrates potential for reducing symptoms in athletes. A larger, controlled trial is warranted.
The implementation of a multi‐level reflective consultation model in a statewide infant & early childcare education professional development system: Evaluation of a pilot
Authors: Shea Sarah E. , Sipotz Kelly , McCormick Ashley , Paradis Nichole , Fox Brandy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe growth in professional development for the infant‐early childhood workforce has necessitated the implementation of novel, sustainable approaches to meet infant early childhood mental health (IECMH) training and reflective supervision consultation (RSC) needs. The 12‐month pilot of a US statewide reflective consultation (RC) group model included IECMH consultants, grant specialists, supervisors, and program managers (n = 38) and their group reflective consultants (n = 6). The pilot evaluation provided an opportunity to design a study that assessed the impact of RC on infant‐early childhood professionals. The mixed‐methods study included an assessment of consultees’ reflective practice skills and experience of their work. Findings included consultees’ self‐reported increased reflective practice self‐efficacy and increased use of reflective practice skills. While there were no changes in the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, or depersonalization results, qualitative findings indicated a decrease in burnout and an increase in relationship‐based practice across professional roles. This unique pilot provides an example of an organizational approach to instituting RC with a broad spectrum of infant‐early childhood professionals and yields valuable information about the impacts of RC models on such professionals’ work experience and professional practice.
Irrigation and soil mulching can improve the quality of flower stems of gladiolus
Authors: Lima Elton Ferreira , Streck Nereu Augusto , Petry Mirta Teresinha , Martins Juliano Dalcin , Buffon Paola Ana , Netto Jainara Fresinghelli , Schwab Natalia Teixeira , Uhlmann Lilian Osmari , dos Santos Maurício Siqueira , da Silva Clarissa Moraes 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGladiolus is one of the most important bulbous flowers produced worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of irrigation and soil mulching on soil water conservation and its effect on gladiolus floral stem quality. Two field experiments were conducted with gladiolus at the Federal University of Santa Maria, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during 2019 and 2020. The experimental design was a completely randomized three‐factor design, with two cultivars (Red Beauty and T704 in experiment 1 ‐ E1 and Red Beauty and Jester in experiment 2 ‐ E2), two cultivation systems (soil mulched with straw and bare soil) and two water regimes (irrigated and non‐irrigated) as treatments. When gladiolus plants reached the R2 stage (harvest point), total stem length, spike length, stem diameter and final number of florets were evaluated. Variables were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5% of error probability. Irrigation improved the quality of floral stems, with greater stem and spike length, greater diameter and number of florets per spike, thus resulting in stems with greater decorative value. The soil covered with straw did not influence the quality parameters of the floral stem of the gladiolus, the only observed difference between cultivars being the variable length of the spike.
Ternary complexes of vanadium(IV) and titanium(IV) of Schiff bases as primary ligand: Synthesis, spectral characterization, biomedical applications, and molecular docking withSARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Nasir , Begum Sajeda , Akter Jebunnisa , Ahmed Sayeda Samina , Rahman Md. Saifur , Shumi Wahhida 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTernary complexes of vanadium(IV) and titanium(IV) containing macrocyclic chelate ring were synthesized from dibasic tetra‐dentate Schiff bases as primary (LH2) and succinic acid (SA) as secondary ligand. Their stable formation was confirmed on the basis of spectro‐analytical evidences and octahedral geometry has been proposed for mononuclear ternary complexes, [M(L)SA] (M = Ti4+, V4+). The proposed structure of the complexes has been optimized by quantum mechanical calculations. Some of the complexes have good antioxidant property and considerable inhibition capacity against selected pathogenic microorganisms. Molecular docking of a ligand against SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease (6 LU7) revealed binding affinity comparable to chloroquine used as standard. The ADMET analysis showed that it is noncarcinogenic and less toxic indicating as good candidate against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Reference values of skeletal muscle area for diagnosis of sarcopenia using chest computed tomography in Asian general population
Authors: Moon Sung Woo , Lee Sang Hoon , Woo Ala , Leem Ah Young , Lee Su Hwan , Chung Kyung Soo , Kim Eun Young , Jung Ji Ye , Kang Young Ae , Park Moo Suk , Kim Young Sam , Kim Chang Oh , Kim Song Yee 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiagnostic cutoff points for sarcopenia in chest computed tomography (CT) have not been established although CT is widely used for investigating skeletal muscles. This study aimed to determine reference values for sarcopenia of thoracic skeletal muscles acquired from chest CT scans and to analyse variables related to sarcopenia using the cutoff values determined in a general Asian population.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed chest CT scans of 4470 participants (mean age 54.8 ± 9.9 years, 65.8% male) performed at a check‐up centre in South Korea (January 2016–August 2017). To determine cutoffs, 335 participants aged 19–39 years (mean age 35.2 ± 3.6 years, 75.2% male) were selected as the healthy and younger reference group, and 4135 participants aged ≥40 years (mean age 56.4 ± 8.4 years, 65.1% male) were selected as the study group. We measured the following: cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the pectoralis, intercostalis, paraspinal, serratus, and latissimus muscles at the 4th vertebral region (T4CSA); T4CSA divided by height2 (T4MI); pectoralis muscle area (PMCSA); and PMCSA divided by height2 (PMI) at the 4th vertebral region. Sarcopenia cutoff was defined as sex‐specific values of less than −2 SD below the mean from the reference group.ResultsIn the reference group, T4CSA, T4MI, PMCSA, and PMI cutoffs for sarcopenia were 100.06cm2, 33.69cm2/m2, 29.00cm2, and 10.17cm2/m2 in male, and 66.93cm2, 26.01cm2/m2, 18.29cm2, and 7.31cm2/m2 in female, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the study group measured with T4CSA, T4MI, PMCSA and PMI cutoffs were 11.4%, 8.7%, 8.5%, and 10.1%, respectively. Correlations were observed between appendicular skeletal mass divided by height2 measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and T4CSA (r = 0.82; P < 0.001)/T4MI (r = 0.68; P < 0.001), and ASM/height2 measured by BIA and PMCSA (r = 0.72; P < 0.001)/PMI (r = 0.63; P < 0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression models, sarcopenia defined by T4CSA/T4MI were related to age [odds ratio (95% confidence interval), P‐values: 1.09 (1.07–1.11), <0.001/1.05 (1.04–1.07), <0.001] and diabetes [1.60 (1.14–2.25), 0.007/1.47 (1.01–2.14), 0.043]. Sarcopenia defined by PMCSA/PMI were related to age [1.09 (1.08–1.10), <0.001/1.05 (1.03–1.06), <0.001], male sex [0.23 (0.18–0.30), <0.001/0.47 (0.32–0.71), <0.001], diabetes [2.30 (1.73–3.05), <0.001/1.63 (1.15–2.32), 0.007], history of cancer [2.51 (1.78–3.55), <0.001/1.61 (1.04–2.48), 0.033], and sufficient physical activity [0.67 (0.50–0.89), 0.007/0.74 (0.56–0.99), 0.042].ConclusionsThe reference cutoff values of a general population reported here will enable sex‐specific standardization of thoracic muscle mass quantification and sarcopenia assessment.
Optical mapping of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae genome
Authors: Ates Duygu , Altinok Hacer H. , Tanyolac Muhammed Bahattin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOptical mapping approaches are widely preferred and applied in different branches of genomic studies because of their accuracy, low cost, and high efficiency. In the current study, a sequence orientation of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae (FOMG) genome that is deposited in GenBank National Center for Biotechnology Information under accession number MPIL00000000 was used as the reference genome, which we checked with Bionano Genomics optical mapping approaches. The optical mapping produced 103 contigs, the longest of which was 3.05 Mb. The N50 value of optical map contigs is 0.85 Mb. The sequences of the FOMG reference genome and optical map mainly match each other. Results obtained in the current study indicate that optical mapping can be used to construct complete and gapless assemblies of the FOMG genome. It also can be applied to validate a previous genome assembly.
Docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid levels are correlated in human milk: Implications for new European infant formula regulations
Authors: Hopperton Kathryn E. , Pitino Michael A. , Walton Kathryn , Kiss Alex , Unger Sharon L. , O'Connor Deborah L. , Bazinet Richard P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFrom February 2022, all infant formula sold in the European Union must contain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at ~0.33%–1.14% of total fat with no minimum requirement for arachidonic acid (ARA). This work examines the association between DHA and ARA levels in human milk, the gold standard for infant feeding. Human milk (n = 470) was collected over 12‐weeks postpartum from lactating mothers (n = 100) of infants born weighing <1250 g (NCT02137473). Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. ARA and DHA concentrations were associated in human milk (β = 0.47 [95% confidence interval 0.38–0.56] mol%), including transitional and mature milk, but not colostrum. This remained significant upon adjustment for percentages of other saturated, monounsaturated, n‐3, or n‐6 fatty acids, day of sample collection, or maternal characteristics (body mass index, ethnicity, education, and income). Infant formulas containing relatively high concentrations of DHA without ARA, as permitted by the new regulations, would not reflect the balance of these fatty acids in human milk.