bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Variable Persuasiveness of Political Rhetoric
Authors: Blumenau Jack , Lauderdale Benjamin E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhich types of political rhetoric are most persuasive? Politicians make arguments that share common rhetorical elements, including metaphor, ad hominem attacks, appeals to expertise, moral appeals, and many others. However, political arguments are also highly multidimensional, making it difficult to assess the relative persuasive power of these elements. We report on a novel experimental design which assesses the relative persuasiveness of a large number of arguments that deploy a set of rhetorical elements to argue for and against proposals across a range of UK political issues. We find modest differences in the average effectiveness of rhetorical elements shared by many arguments, but also large variation in the persuasiveness of arguments of the same rhetorical type across issues. In addition to revealing that some argument‐types are more effective than others in shaping public opinion, these results have important implications for the interpretation of survey‐experimental studies in the field of political communication.
Electrochemical methods to discriminate technology and provenance of Apulian red‐figured pottery. II: EIS
Authors: Doménech‐Carbó Antonio , Giannuzzi Michele , Mangone Annarosa , Giannossa Lorena Carla 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElectrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was applied to a set of microsamples of Apulian red‐figured pottery coming from the archaeological sites of Altamura, Arpi, Conversano, Monte Sannace, Taranto, and Pella. EIS data using Fe (CN)63−/Fe (CN)64− as a redox probe yields information on the roughness, porosity, shape, and size distribution of inclusions in the clay body. Impedance parameters after equivalent circuit modeling permit the discrimination of manufacturing in Apulian and Attic modes as well as the characterization of the different archaeological sites.
Effects of calcium salt of linseed oil fatty acid with different oil adsorbents on in vitro gas production and ruminal fermentation characteristics
Authors: Aoki Hirotatsu , Sato Yoshiaki , Katsumata Sachi , Yamauchi Momo , Yamanaka Sayaka , Kishi Yousuke , Oishi Kazato , Hirooka Hiroyuki , Kumagai Hajime 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe investigated the effects of supplementary calcium salt of fatty acid (CSFA) from linseed oil with different oil adsorbents on in vitro gas production and rumen fermentation characteristics in barley substrate condition. A non‐supplementation treatment (CONT) and treatments of six products, CSFA without oil adsorbent (2.1 fatty acid/Ca molar ratio) and CSFAs with silica gel, zeolite, bentonite, diatomite, and vermiculite (2.8 fatty acid/Ca molar ratio), were prepared. The supplementary 2% and 4% CSFA with silica gel (+S) in the substrate reduced CH4 production 56% and 79%, respectively, compared with that in CONT (p < 0.01). The products, except for +S, did not decrease CH4 production. The dry matter (DM) disappearance in CSFAs with oil adsorbents was lower than that in the CSFA without oil adsorbent (74.8%–77.3% vs. 79.3%, p < 0.01), and crude protein (CP) disappearance in +S supplementation was lower than that of the other products (53.5% vs. 57.2%–59.1%, p < 0.01). The +S supplementation decreased acetate proportion and increased propionate proportion (p < 0.01). Our study indicated that although the disappearance of DM and CP might decrease, using silica gel as an oil adsorbent of linseed oil calcium salt with high fatty acid/Ca molar ratio has the potential to mitigate CH4 emissions from ruminants.
Cross-Trait Prediction Accuracy of Summary Statistics in Genome-Wide Association Studies
Authors: Zhao Bingxin , Zou Fei , Zhu Hongtu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the era of big data, univariate models have widely been used as a workhorse tool for quickly producing marginal estimators; and this is true even when in a high-dimensional dense setting, in which many features are “true,” but weak signals. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) epitomize this type of setting. Although the GWAS marginal estimator is popular, it has long been criticized for ignoring the correlation structure of genetic variants (i.e., the linkage disequilibrium [LD] pattern). In this paper, we study the effects of LD pattern on the GWAS marginal estimator and investigate whether or not additionally accounting for the LD can improve the prediction accuracy of complex traits. We consider a general high-dimensional dense setting for GWAS and study a class of ridge-type estimators, including the popular marginal estimator and the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) estimator as two special cases. We show that the performance of GWAS marginal estimator depends on the LD pattern through the first three moments of its eigenvalue distribution. Furthermore, we uncover that the relative performance of GWAS marginal and BLUP estimators highly depends on the ratio of GWAS sample size over the number of genetic variants. Particularly, our finding reveals that the marginal estimator can easily become near-optimal within this class when the sample size is relatively small, even though it ignores the LD pattern. On the other hand, BLUP estimator has substantially better performance than the marginal estimator as the sample size increases toward the number of genetic variants, which is typically in millions. Therefore, adjusting for the LD (such as in the BLUP) is most needed when GWAS sample size is large. We illustrate the importance of our results by using the simulated data and real GWAS.
Impact of the COVID‐19 virus outbreak on 24‐h movement behaviours among children in Saudi Arabia: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Alanazi Yazeed A. , Parrish Anne‐Maree , Okely Anthony D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus (COVID‐19) outbreak as a pandemic. This led many governments to place restrictions on population movement to aid in pandemic control. These restrictions were expected to produce some type of impact on the daily lives of children and their families. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID‐19 on 24‐h movement behaviours among Saudi children aged 6–12 years, during the pandemic.MethodsAn online survey of Saudi parents (n = 1021) was conducted between 1 October to 11 November 2020 to gather information about the impact of the COVID‐19 outbreak on children's 24‐h movement behaviours, parent and child factors that may be associated with movement behaviours, and perceived changes in children's movement behaviours.ResultsOnly 3.4% of Saudi children met all components of 24‐h movement guidelines. Compared with before COVID‐19, children's PA levels declined, they slept more, and their use of electronic screen devices significantly increased. The perceived changes in PA and SB were more unfavourable among girls than boys. Children of older parents, mothers, and those with lower education levels and lower monthly incomes were more likely to meet 24‐h movement guidelines.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 virus outbreak unfavourably affected Saudi children's movement behaviours, more specifically, girls, which should be taken into account in future research. The results provide an insight into what has changed because of the COVID‐19 restrictions and could be considered as part of the response strategies in Saudi Arabia.
Age and spatial distribution of the world's oldest trees
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Xia Shangwen , Zeng Di , Liu Cong , Li Yingjun , Yang Wenjing , Yang Bao , Zhang Jian , Slik Ferry , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtremely old trees have important roles in providing insights about historical climatic events and supporting cultural values, yet there has been limited work on their global distribution and conservation. We extracted information on 197,855 tree cores from 4854 sites and combined it with other tree age (e.g., the OLDLIST) data from a further 156 sites to determine the age of the world's oldest trees and quantify the factors influencing their global distribution. We found that extremely old trees >1000 years were rare. Among 30 individual trees that exceeded 2000 years old, 27 occurred in high mountains. We modeled maximum tree age with climatic, soil topographic, and anthropogenic variables, and our regression models demonstrated that elevation, human population density, soil carbon content, and mean annual temperature were key determinants of the distribution of the world's oldest trees. Specifically, our model predicted that many of the oldest trees will occur in high‐elevation, cold, and arid mountains with limited human disturbance. This pattern was markedly different from that of the tallest trees, which were more likely to occur in relatively more mesic and productive locations. Global warming and expansion of human activities may induce rapid population declines of extremely old trees. New strategies, including targeted establishment of conservation reserves in remote regions, especially those in western parts of China and the United States, are required to protect these trees.
Civil society organizations and managerialism: On the depoliticization of the adaptive management agenda
Authors: Gutheil Lena , Koch Dirk‐Jan 
Published: March 2022

SummaryMotivationIn the last decade, a movement formed around making aid delivery more adaptive, relying on principles such as context sensitivity, flexibility, and ownership. The approaches seem promising for civil society organizations (CSOs) to fulfil their mission of fostering social transformation. While several donor agencies have started engaging with such approaches, the authors hardly see their political implications in practice.PurposeThe article aims to provide evidence on an adaptive project and demonstrate how the social transformative and political nature of adaptive development management is rendered technical and depoliticized in practice.Methods and approachWe use a case study of a development programme based on a social transformative policy framework that is implemented through CSOs in Uganda and Vietnam. Data were collected by means of interviews, participant observation and document analysis.FindingsWe find that, in practice, the social transformative policy framework is competing with managerial logics. We compare this process with the depoliticization of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, finding striking similarities. By using practice theory, we show how managerialism remains the dominant paradigm in the civil society aid sector, fuelling the “anti‐politics machine.”Policy implicationsThe article shows that policy frameworks do not always work as intended. Donors should therefore not only change policy frameworks, but also start addressing institutional and operational requirements.
Sustained seizure freedom with adjunctive brivaracetam in patients with focal onset seizures
Authors: Lattanzi Simona , Ascoli Michele , Canafoglia Laura , Paola Canevini Maria , Casciato Sara , Cerulli Irelli Emanuele , Chiesa Valentina , Dainese Filippo , De Maria Giovanni , Didato Giuseppe , Di Gennaro Giancarlo , Falcicchio Giovanni , Fanella Martina , Gangitano Massimo , La Neve Angela , Mecarelli Oriano , Montalenti Elisa , Morano Alessandra , Piazza Federico , Pizzanelli Chiara , Pulitano Patrizia , Ranzato Federica , Rosati Eleonora , Tassi Laura , Di Bonaventura Carlo ,   BRIVAFIRST Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe maintenance of seizure control over time is a clinical priority in patients with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to assess the sustained seizure frequency reduction with adjunctive brivaracetam (BRV) in real‐world practice. Patients with focal epilepsy prescribed add‐on BRV were identified. Study outcomes included sustained seizure freedom and sustained seizure response, defined as a 100% and a ≥50% reduction in baseline seizure frequency that continued without interruption and without BRV withdrawal through the 12‐month follow‐up. Nine hundred ninety‐four patients with a median age of 45 (interquartile range = 32–56) years were included. During the 1‐year study period, sustained seizure freedom was achieved by 142 (14.3%) patients, of whom 72 (50.7%) were seizure‐free from Day 1 of BRV treatment. Sustained seizure freedom was maintained for ≥6, ≥9, and 12 months by 14.3%, 11.9%, and 7.2% of patients from the study cohort. Sustained seizure response was reached by 383 (38.5%) patients; 236 of 383 (61.6%) achieved sustained ≥50% reduction in seizure frequency by Day 1, 94 of 383 (24.5%) by Month 4, and 53 of 383 (13.8%) by Month 7 up to Month 12. Adjunctive BRV was associated with sustained seizure frequency reduction from the first day of treatment in a subset of patients with uncontrolled focal epilepsy.
An accurate soft diagnosis method of breast cancer using the operative fusion of derived features and classification approaches
Authors: Jha Sunil Kumar , Wang Jinwei , Shanmugam Raju 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer around the world. The early‐stage recognition of breast cancer is favourable for the diagnosis and treatment of the affecting patient. Data mining approaches can ease the diagnosis of breast cancer by analysis of the associated dataset for real‐time decision‐making. The present study proposes an effective transformation approach of experimental attributes of a breast cancer dataset using the latent semantic analysis and the fusion of derived features with classification methods for accurate recognition of breast cancer. The proposed approach is validated using the most widely used benchmark and open‐access breast cancer dataset. The transformed features of the original dataset result in 100% recognition efficiency using a multilayer perceptron, support vector machine, multi‐class classifier and functional tree classifiers. Other classifiers, like naïve Bayes, rotation forest, simple linear logistic regression and logistic model tree result in recognition accuracy between 96.85% and 99.30% using a similar feature subset. Besides, the optimal subset of derived features has been affirmed based on the evaluation metrics of classification approaches.
Osteoporosis management and falls prevention in patients with haemophilia: Review of haemophilia guidelines
Authors: Petkovic Madison J. , Tran Huyen A , Ebeling Peter R. , Zengin Ayse 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionPatients with haemophilia (PWH) have a high prevalence of osteoporosis, falls and fractures at all ages. The role of haemophilia itself may contribute to low bone mineral density (BMD) due to coagulation factor deficiency. Guidelines for the management of osteoporosis, fracture and fall risk may help to reduce fracture and fall risk, and delay osteoporosis onset.AimWe aim to review current haemophilia guidelines regarding osteoporosis prevention, screening, diagnosis and management, and fall prevention.MethodA database search (Ovid MEDLINE) revealed two haemophilia guidelines (World and British) published within the last ten years. Local Australian haemophilia guidelines were identified through a manual search.ResultsAll haemophilia guidelines were found to contain inadequate recommendations for osteoporosis management and fall prevention due to a lack of evidence in the literature.ConclusionFurther studies are required to assess the trajectory of bone health in PWH, the mechanism of bone loss in PWH, and the effectiveness of weight‐bearing exercises, interventions for fall prevention, screening programmes, and use of anti‐osteoporosis medications in PWH across the lifecourse.
Unlocking consumer consideration set size formation for luxury services: A study of self‐identification, brand status and anticipated emotions
Authors: Siahtiri Vida , O'Cass Aron , Nabi Nazia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith a wide array of services touting their luxury and status appeal, consumers must make choices in an increasingly contested marketspace. The choice of luxury services can be complex and entail uncertainty and risk. In an attempt to understand factors that influence consumers’ choices regarding luxury services, this study explores consumers’ consideration set size, the role of self‐identification with the service brand, positive anticipated emotions about using the service brand, and perception of the brand's status. We draw on data collected from 448 white‐collar professionals who had stayed at hotels. The findings reveal that the effect of self‐identification on consideration set size is mediated by the positive anticipated emotions consumers expect to experience when using the service. Furthermore, the path from self‐identification through positive anticipated emotions to consideration set size is moderated by the service brand's status. The findings contribute to the evolving luxury services literature and self‐congruity theory to explain the mechanisms by which self‐identification drives the development of consumers’ consideration sets in the context of luxury service brands. This study further contributes to the luxury literature by accounting for the role of positive anticipated emotions and perceived brand status. Our findings suggest managers should portray customers experiencing positive emotions when using their luxury services to ensure that the alignment of brand and self is correctly translated to their brand being placed in consumers consideration set. Furthermore, we recommend managers to maximise the power of their brand's status which can increase the likelihood of consumers considering their brand.
Continuation of Festivals and Community Resilience duringCOVID‐19: The Case of Nagahama Hikiyama Festival in Shiga Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Takeda Shunsuke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has severely affected the way of life of communities in Japan. This study examines the pandemic's impact by focusing on a popular activity in Japanese townships: participation in traditional festivals with roots dating back to before the Edo period. These festivals display the social customs of each community and their prosperity from the past to the present. Residents participating in local festivals gain a deep understanding of their personal importance within the community. However, many communities were forced to cancel their festivals in 2020 because of the pandemic. In 2021, many communities attempted to reinstate their traditional festivals, and some of them resumed the festivities with infection control measures in place. This case study examines how people resumed festivals in their communities and the conditions needed for them to reengage with their traditions. Focusing on the Nagahama Hikiyama Festival in Shiga Prefecture, Japan, we demonstrate the resilience of traditional communities in Japan. This study analyzes the reasons for and process of reviving and subsequently implementing traditional festivals and clarifies the positive factors contributing to the resumption of festivals in local communities. It examines the sources of resilience that have been cultivated in these communities and explains how their social capital bridges the gaps between local governments, schools, and broadcasters.
COVID‐19 Pandemic and Non‐standard Employees in Japan
Authors: Takahashi Koji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article aims to grasp the influence of the pandemic on standard and non‐standard employees in Japan and clarify its disparity between them. In 2020, there was an imbalance between the slight increase in standard employees and the massive loss of non‐standard employees in the labour market. Non‐standard employees' working hours were greatly reduced, often without allowances for absence, and hence their monthly income considerably diminished. As a result, their well‐being also declined. Thus, the pandemic has affected employment, and its impact has been felt most strongly by non‐standard employees. This does not mean that there is no discriminatory treatment of non‐standard employees in firms. However, a closer look at the real picture reveals a variety of factors. In addition to the discriminatory treatment that is related to the Japanese employment system, a combination of managerial factors such as the shortage of standard employees, practical factors such as differences in wage systems, and the lack of sufficient information about the expansion of the coverage of the Employment Adjustment Subsidy, have placed non‐standard employees at a huge disadvantage.
Circulating miRNAs in girls with abdominal obesity: miR‐221‐3p as a biomarker of response to weight loss interventions
Authors: Ojeda‐Rodríguez Ana , Assmann Taís Silveira , Alonso‐Pedrero Lucia , Azcona‐Sanjulian Maria Cristina , Milagro Fermín I. , Marti Amelia 
Published: March 2022

SummaryBackgroundRecent studies have associated several microRNAs (miRNAs) with childhood obesity and energy homeostasis, suggesting that an individual miRNA profile could be used as an early predictor to estimate the response to weight loss interventions in the design of precision nutrition.ObjectiveTo investigate associations between the expression of circulating adiposity‐related miRNAs and the response to a weight loss intervention.MethodsA total of 51 Spanish girls (age 7–16 years) with abdominal obesity underwent 8 weeks of a multidisciplinary intervention for weight loss. Participants were stratified into two groups in accordance with changes in body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score: low‐responders (LR) and high‐responders (HR). The expression of 39 circulating miRNAs (c‐miRNAs) was evaluated in plasma of all subjects before the intervention.ResultsSix miRNAs were differentially expressed between LR and HR. However, after adjustment for Tanner stage, the association was maintained only for miR‐126‐3p and miR‐221‐3p with a higher expression in HR group compared to LR group. After the intervention, miR‐221‐3p expression decreased in all subjects with a significant difference in the change within groups. However, changes in miR‐126‐3p levels were not significant. The expression of miR‐221‐3p was positively correlated with body weight, BMI and waist circumference, and negatively correlated with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index.ConclusionsBioinformatic analysis evidenced that miR‐221‐3p participates in several obesity‐related pathways, and more interestingly, this miRNA targets several candidate genes to childhood obesity according to DisGeNet database. Thus, miR‐221‐3p could be used for predicting the response to a multidisciplinary intervention for weight loss in young girls.