bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons from nine urban areas using data to drive local sustainable development
Authors: Jain Garima , Espey Jessica 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCities are central to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, yet many remain disengaged from the process. This paper examines nine city and subnational pilot projects conducted between 2015 and 2019, to assess the role of a data-based approach to governance in improving decision-making for sustainable development. We consider to what extent a data-based approach to governance can help cities in (a) localizing the sustainable development goals (SDGs); (b) integrating national and local datasets; (c) increasing openness of data and enabling better accountability for outcomes; and (d) encouraging innovation in data gathering. We find that data is considered a useful entry point for local sustainable development conversations and employing a focus on data management is welcomed by nearly all local governments, however, few localities explicitly focus on data to improve their sustainable development outcomes. Critically, despite the excitement around big data, most cities are unable to access them due to capacity challenges, data ownership, and privacy concerns.
A hybrid redundancy scheme for medium‐voltage three‐phase cascaded H‐bridge electronic power transformer
Authors: Wang Dan , Guan Zhitao , Tian Jie , Mao Chengxiong , Yang Yun , Wang Zhaoyuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA hybrid redundancy (HR) scheme is proposed for the medium‐voltage three‐phase cascaded H‐bridge electronic power transformer (CHB‐EPT) based on the combination of the global redundant power modules and local redundant power modules. A “HOT‐FIRST‐LOCAL‐FIRST” transition strategy is designed to achieve a short transition time. Furthermore, to reduce the power loss of the redundant power modules, an intermittent charging (IC) strategy is proposed for the hot‐reserved redundant power modules. The detailed analysis of the topology shows that the proposed scheme can achieve low cost, high reliability, low power loss, and good transition performance. The performances are verified by simulations and experimental results.
Heilpflanzen für jeden Husten
Authors: Stern Cornelia 
Published: March 2022

SummaryZur Behandlung von trockenem Reizhusten eignet sich unter anderem der Eibisch. Seine Wurzeln gehören zu den schleimstoffreichsten Drogen. Efeublätter und Thymiankraut sind angezeigt bei produktivem Husten. Der Efeu hilft über die Wirkung seiner Saponine, Thymian über die seiner ätherischen Öle. Krampfartiger Husten reagiert gut auf Süßholz als spasmolytische Pflanze mit gleichzeitig auswurfsfördernden und entzündungshemmenden Eigenschaften.
Craniofacial and Oral Manifestations of Non-Syndromic Hypodontia: A Review
Authors: Khalaf Khaled , El-Kishawi Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPatients with hypodontia appear to have a different craniofacial morphology as compared with controls. They tend to have more class III skeletal pattern and retroclined upper and lower soft tissue lips as a consequence of retroclined upper and lower incisors. These features are more pronounced as the severity of the hypodontia increases. In addition to changes in craniofacial and soft tissue morphology, various dental anomalies are commonly associated with hypodontia such as microdontia of the remaining dentition, anomalies in tooth shape, particularly peg-shaped upper lateral incisors, smaller root dimensions of some of the permanent teeth, and decreased maxillary and mandibular dental arch widths and lengths measurements. Other dental anomalies which are seen in association with hypodontia are taurodontism of molars, retained deciduous molars, delayed development of the permanent teeth, distoangulation of the mandibular second premolar, and infraocclusion of the deciduous molars.
Growth Stunting Implication in Children: A Review on Primary Tooth Eruption
Authors: Setiawan Arlette S. , Abhista Nidia , Andisetyanto Prima , Indriyanti Ratna , Suryanti Netty 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGrowth stunting is a form of malnutrition that causes children to have a shorter height for their age. Growth stunting can affect tooth eruption, including delayed deciduous teeth eruption. An electronic search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar up to December 2020 including the terms related to eruption time of deciduous teeth in stunted children, articles in English and Indonesian, research on humans, research articles, and articles that can be accessed in full text. Articles that were not related to eruption time of deciduous teeth in stunted children, articles published over the last 10 years, articles that only used weight for age indicator as an indicator of malnutrition, and articles with incomplete pages were excluded from the study. Seven cross-sectional articles were included in this study. Three studies assessed the age of deciduous teeth eruption, two studies assessed the number of erupted deciduous teeth in malnourished children, three studies assessed the sequence of deciduous teeth eruption, and six studies assessed the association of nutritional status with deciduous teeth eruption.
Virtual Consultations—“Should We Be Using Them?”: A Two-Cycle Clinical Audit
Authors: Lee Yung Wei Jarred , Patel Anika , Acharya Sandeep , Seshu Madhavi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the use of virtual appointments increased substantially. An audit was designed to evaluate the efficacy of virtual appointments at Alder Hey Children's Hospital. Patients and clinicians satisfaction of virtual appointments were also recorded.
Materials and Methods Patients having virtual appointments were identified, and data were recorded, including demographics and outcome of the appointment. A pilot study was conducted to identify any necessary modifications to the data collection process. Data were collected over two cycles, and the results were analyzed.
Results The first cycle was performed retrospectively and there were 158 patients identified who had a virtual appointment. An outcome could be drawn from the virtual appointment in over 70% of cases. Recommendations following the first cycle were implemented. A second cycle was then completed prospectively. A total of 145 patients were identified. An outcome could be drawn in 51% of cases. Patient and clinician feedback on virtual appointments was generally positive.
Conclusion This study demonstrated that a successful outcome could be drawn in the majority of virtual appointments, and clinicians and patients had positive experiences regarding virtual clinics. This highlights the usefulness of this service, which is particularly relevant due to the increased reliance on virtual clinics during the pandemic.
Implant-Supported Restoration with Straight and Angled Hybrid Abutments: Digital Image Correlation and 3D-Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Demachkia Amir Mohidin , Sichi Luigi Giovanni Bernardo , Rodrigues Jonas Vinicius Meireles , Junior Lafayette Nogueira , Araújo Rodrigo Máximo de , Ramos Nathalia de Carvalho , Bottino Marco Antonio , Tribst João Paulo Mendes 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the hybrid abutment with different angles (0 and 15 degrees) on the stress distribution and deformation on maxillary implant-supported fixed prosthesis, using digital image correlation (DIC) and finite element analysis (FEA).
Materials and Methods For DIC, two situations were considered: conventional straight implant placement and implant placement with 15 degrees inclination. Different zirconia mesostructures were milled, one straight and the other with a 15-degree angulation to correct the implant positioning. Then, the zirconia mesostructures were cemented to the titanium base (Ti base), and both groups received a lithium disilicate crown. The DIC technique was performed to measure the deformation generated on the simulated bone surface (150 N loading). For the FEA (in silico), three-dimensional numerical models based on the in vitro setup were modeled using computer-aided design software. All materials were considered elastic, isotropic, and homogeneous. Comparison of both methods showed coherence between the in vitro and in silico results. The von-Mises stress of the implants, Ti base and screw, and the maximum principal stress in the mesostructure and crown were calculated for both conditions.
Results The overall surface deformation distributions determined by both techniques were considered similar allowing the model validation. The higher deformation was found in the cervical region with a higher magnitude for the angled hybrid abutment. The same pattern was observed in the stress fields regardless of the analyzed region and structure.
Conclusion Based on this study, using an angled hybrid abutment to correct the implant positioning generated higher stress in the implant fixture, surrounding tissue, Ti base, screw, and crown. Therefore, the implant should be positioned axially, whenever possible, to reduce the mechanical complications.
Examining the suitability of extant primates as models of hominin stone tool culture
Authors: Bandini Elisa , Harrison Rachel A. , Motes-Rodrigo Alba 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtant primates, especially chimpanzees, are often used as models for pre-modern hominin (henceforth: hominin) behaviour, anatomy and cognition. In particular, as hominin behaviour cannot be inferred from archaeological remains and artefacts alone, extant primates (including modern humans) are used as a ‘time machine’ to reconstruct the technological repertoires of our early ancestors. Whilst many continue to use primates to approximate hominin tool behaviours, others have questioned the value of these comparisons. The aim of this review is to critically examine how previous studies have compared various primate species to hominins with regards to stone percussion and flaking, as well as to discuss the limitations and strengths of these comparisons. Evidence is presented to support the view that certain monkey species, alongside non-primate animal species, might provide important insights when reconstructing hominin stone tool culture, despite being phylogenetically further removed from our lineage. In conclusion, whilst some studies may inflate the value of primates as models for early hominins, data from extant primates, alongside the archaeological record and anthropological reports, can help create a more comprehensive picture of hominin stone tool culture.
‘Illegal’ gold mining and the everyday in post-apartheid South Africa
Authors: Madimu Tapiwa 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTThis paper examines unregulated gold-mining activities prevalent at disused mines and decommissioned shafts at operating mines in post-apartheid South Africa. This kind of mining is deemed illegal by the government since it is outside the parameters of the country’s main mining legislation. The author uses the concept of ‘the everyday’ to examine the daily living patterns and work operations of unregulated miners (zama-zamas) to fully understand their real world, beyond what is peddled by the state, and to argue that unregulated mining activities are orderly and make a significant contribution to the livelihoods of thousands of people in South Africa and the subregion. A thorough examination of their daily work and leisure routines sheds more light on their actual world, which has till now been obscured by government and media reports that emphasise the ‘illegal’ and violent aspects while remaining mute on the positive elements.
Increased toe flexor strength does not relate to altered postural sway during static upright standing after 12 weeks of multicomponent exercise training
Authors: Koyama Keiji , Yamauchi Junichiro 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTThis study investigated whether an increase in toe flexor strength influenced postural control during static upright standing after 12 weeks of multicomponent exercise training in healthy young men. Twelve men (18–23 yrs) performed multicomponent exercise 3 days per week for 12 weeks. Twelve additional age‐matched men were recruited for the untrained control group. The multicomponent exercise training consisted of strengthening and balance exercises for the foot and leg muscles. Toe flexor strength, foot arch height and postural control were assessed before, during, and after exercise training. Postural control was evaluated using the path of the centre of pressure, which was obtained with a force plate under three standing conditions: double‐leg standing with eyes open, double‐leg standing with eyes closed, and single‐leg standing with eyes open. The dominant leg was used for single‐leg standing. After exercise training, toe flexor strength increased by approximately 32% (p < 0.01), whereas the foot arch height did not change. The centre of pressure variables during double‐leg standing did not change after exercise training; however, these variables decreased during single‐leg standing. None of the variables in the control group changed after exercise training. The relative increase in toe flexor strength was not correlated with the relative improvement in the centre of pressure variables during single‐leg standing after 12 weeks of exercise training (total length, r = 0.1734; mean velocity, r = 0.1734; sway area, r = −0.1372). These findings suggest that increased toe flexor strength has no significant effect on static postural control ability after exercise training in young men.Highlights
Twelve weeks of multicomponent exercise training aimed at strengthening foot and leg muscles increased toe flexor strength.
Multicomponent exercise training did not alter postural stability during double‐leg standing, but improved postural stability during single‐leg standing.
Increased toe flexor strength did not relate to altered postural stability during static upright standings after 12 weeks of exercise training.
Effects of Λ hyperons on the deformations of even–even nuclei *
Authors: Chen C. F. , Chen Q. B. , Zhou Xian-Rong , Cheng Y. Y. , Cui Ji-Wei , Schulze H.-J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The deformations of multi-

hypernuclei corresponding to even–even core nuclei ranging from

Be to

Ca with 2, 4, 6, and 8 hyperons are studied using the deformed Skyrme–Hartree–Fock approach. It is found that the deformations are reduced when adding 2 or 8

hyperons, but enhanced when adding 4 or 6

hyperons. These differences are attributed to the fact that

hyperons are filled gradually into the three deformed

orbits, of which the [110]1/2

orbit is prolately deformed and the degenerate [101]1/2

and [101]3/2

orbits are oblately deformed.
Method for joint tracking by using magnetic field of the welding current during arc welding
Authors: Ya Braverman V , Bogdanov V V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We investigated a possibility to determine electrode deviation from the joint during arc welding by using the strength of the magnetic field from the components of the welding current flowing through the welded parts. Amplitude of the vertical component of the resulting magnetic field is proportionate to the deviation of the electrode from the joint and the sign determines the direction of the deviation. The differential flux gate is utilized as a sensor for the electrode deviation from the joint.
Using microwave irradiation to increase permeability of Siberian larch wood
Authors: Eliseev S G , Ermolin V N , Stupnikov S S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the research results of the microwave radiation effect on the Siberian larch heartwood. The collected experimental data show that microwave treatment increases the larch wood permeability not only longitudinal but also transversely the fibres. The most significant increase of the transversely fibre wood permeability is found in the tangential direction.
The effect of cation substitution on conductivity in the region of structural phase transition
Authors: Udod L V , Sitnicov M N , Bandurina O N , Konovalov S O 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effect of non-stoichiometric substitution of chromium ions on the conductivity of bismuth stannates was studied. The measurement of the current-voltage characteristic in the temperature range 300-800 K and electric fields from -800 to 800 V/cm was carried out. A change of the conductivity type from hopping to tunnel-emission in the structural phase transition region is established. The influence of the concentration of the substituting ion on the change of the conductivity type was determined.
Increasing the autonomy of unmanned aerial vehicles by modifying the internal combustion engines used
Authors: Derben A M , Shelikhova S V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The most important characteristic of any unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is the autonomy of operation. UAVs structures containing an internal combustion engine as an energy source usually use packaged units of general-purpose. The article proposes a modification of such engines, which allows improving fuel efficiency, reducing noise and exhausting temperature.
Lattice Design of a Compact Hadron Driver for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Kwee Wah Leo , Takayama Ken , Adachi Toshikazu , Kawakubo Tadamichi , Dixit Tanuja 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A next generation cancer therapy driver by using a fast-cycling induction synchrotron is given. The design of the lattice parameters with zero momentum-dispersion and high-flat momentum-dispersion region as essential parameters must be fulfilled and the optimization process with results are discussed here. Finally, the optimization process and method are developed and the lattice parameters are well defined.
Numerical solution of deuteron potential depth using python
Authors: Muhammad Adam , Alnour I.A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Deuteron potential depth is hardly solvable analytically, thus this study uses a numerical method through Python programming language to calculate the depth of the potential well by coding the transcendental equation. Two different approaches were used, in which the first approach is by changing the Vin
(initial value) value in the code to obtain the Vo
values as an output, and the second, by keeping Vin
value constant and changing the radius R values to obtain different V
o values in order to find the relationship between Vo
and radius R. The mean average value of Vo
was found to be −37.6 MeV. The result was close to the typical potential value (−36 MeV). The relationship between the potential depth and its radius shows the potential changes with respect to the deuteron radius. Moreover, the comparison of the deuteron potential depth of the present study shows an acceptable level of consistency with those of previous studies. Among other numerical methods, Python-based solution seems to be one of the simplest and most accurate method for solving complex numerical problems.
Nuclear fuel materials and its sustainability for low carbon energy system: A review
Authors: Nor Azman Muhammad ‘Adli , Syazwani Mohd Ali Nur , Syahir Sarkawi Muhammad , Arif Sazali Muhammad , Afifah Basri Nor 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
World energy generation for electricity is still dependent on fossil fuels since it is more reliable and secure than the current intermittent renewable energy systems. Although the integration of renewable energy as an energy mix is in progress, still it could not be able to replace fossil fuels. Dependency on fossil fuels will not only contribute to severe climate change but will also degrade future generation quality of life. Hence, the solution to quandary is by integrating nuclear power plants with those of renewable energy such as solar and wind to meet the energy demand and to ensure sustainability of energy source. The current operating nuclear power plants in the world use the concept of water-cooled reactors. It was designed so that the fast neutrons born from fission reactions were slowed down in the moderator to allow other fission reactions events in sustainable chain reactions. Besides, the slow neutrons with low energy is a favourable reactor feature for safe and efficient operation. The common types of nuclear fuel materials in water-cooled reactors are enriched uranium dioxide and natural uranium contained in nuclear fuel elements. After it has been used, the fuel elements will be stored as spent fuel. Prolonged storage of used nuclear fuels will make the volume of nuclear waste high and become hard to manage after a long period of storage. An effort to reprocess the spent fuel as to extract fissile and fertile material to be used in nuclear fuels usually was undertaken to reduce the waste volume. However, this process may lead to an undesirable proliferation of nuclear material. In this review article, research on the advancement of nuclear fuel materials will be discussed based on the reduction method of the nuclear spent fuel volume and radiotoxicity, as well as to study its sustainability for the future low carbon energy system.
A unified formalism for estimating photon absorbed fractions in spherical biovolumes: analytical equations without fitting parameters
Authors: Sazykina Tatiana G , Kryshev Alexander I 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A new analytical formalism, previously developed for estimating electron-absorbed fractions, was extended for estimating photon absorbed fractions in soft-tissue spheres, containing uniformly distributed photon-emitter. Analytical equations were formulated for calculating values of photon-absorbed fractions. The method involves a rescaling procedure with transformation of real biological sizes to unitless effective ones, combining information of photon energy, object’s size, and material. Rescaling was applied to large published datasets of photon absorbed fractions in soft-tissue spheres, computed with Monte Carlo codes. A new effect was demonstrated in which the rescaled data formed a single smooth ‘unified curve’ with saturation. The unified curve for photon absorbed fractions was described analytically, using simple equations without fitting parameters. The new method was tested for a wide range of spheres—from 1 mg up to 1000 kg, and wide range of photon energies—from 0.02 up to 5 MeV. For larger spheres, a close agreement between analytical values and Monte Carlo datasets was demonstrated. For small biovolumes, analytical equations predict higher values than available Monte Carlo data. The unified formalism is now available for direct calculating radiation absorbed fractions in soft-tissue spherical organs and organisms without Monte Carlo codes.
Interplay between multipole expansion of exchange interaction and Coulomb correlation of exciton in colloidal II–VI quantum dots
Authors: Klenovský Petr , Valdhans Jakub , Krejčí Lucie , Valtr Miroslav , Klapetek Petr , Fedotova Olga 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We study the effect of Coulomb correlation on the emission properties of the ground state exciton in zincblende CdSe/ZnS core–shell and in wurtzite ZnO quantum dots (QDs). We validate our theory model by comparing results of computed exciton energies of CdSe/ZnS QDs to photoluminescence and scanning near-field optical microscopy measurements. We use that to estimate the diameter of the QDs using a simple model based on infinitely deep quantum well and compare the results with the statistics of the atomic force microscopy scans of CdSe/ZnS dots, obtaining excellent agreement. Thereafter, we compute the energy fine structure of exciton, finding striking difference between properties of zincblende CdSe/ZnS and wurtzite ZnO dots. While in the former the fine structure is dominated by the dipole terms of the multipole expansion of the exchange interaction, in the latter system that is mostly influenced by Coulomb correlation. Furthermore, the correlation sizeably influences also the exciton binding energy and emission radiative rate in ZnO dots.