bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of thoracic epidural analgesia with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia versus traditional thoracic epidural analgesia for postoperative analgesia and early recovery of laparotomy: a prospective single-centre, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Wenwen , Li Youpei , Li Nanqi , Sun Yu , Wang Chao , An Ke 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) always been the first choice for postoperative pain treatment, but associated complications and contraindications may limit its use. Our study put forward a new analgesic strategy that combines thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) with patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) to optimized TEA.Methods: Patients undergoing laparotomy were enrolled in this prospective randomized study. Patients were randomized to one of two groups: TEA/PCIA group and TEA group. Patients in TEA/PCIA group received TEA in the day of surgery and the first postoperative day and PCIA continued to use until the postoperative three days. Patients in TEA group received TEA during postoperative three days. A visual analogue scale (VSA) pain scores at rest and on movement at 6, 24,48,72h after surgery were recorded. In addition, we also compared the incidence of inadequate analgesia, adverse events, time to first mobilization, time to pass first flatus, time of oral intake recovery, time of urinary catheter removal, postoperative length of hospital stays, cumulative opioid consumption, and the overall cost in the two groups. We examined VAS pain scores using repeated measures analysis of variance; p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Eighty-six patients were analysed (TEA/PCIA=44, TEA=42). The mean VAS pain scores at rest and on movement in TEA/PCIA group were lower than TEA group, with a significant difference on movement (P<0.05). TEA/PCIA group had lower pain scores on postoperative 3 days as compared with TEA group, with a significant difference at 48 h postoperatively (P<0.05). The time to first mobilization and pass first flatus were shorter in TEA/PCIA group (P<0.05). No significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative length of hospital stay, time of oral intake recovery, time of urinary catheter removal, cumulative opioid consumption, incidence of adverse events, incidence of inadequate analgesia, and overall cost.Conclusions: The combination of TEA with PCIA for patients undergoing laparotomy, can enhance postoperative pain control and facilitate early recovery without increasing the incidence of adverse effects and overall cost of hospitalization.Trial registration: ChiCTR1800020308 (China), 2018/12/23; registered at www.chictr.org.cn
A Neural Network Assisted 171Yb+ Quantum Magnetometer
Authors: Ban Yue , Chen Yan , He Ran , Cui Jin-Ming , Huang Yun-Feng , Li Chuan-Feng , Guo Guangcan , Casanova Jorge 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A versatile magnetometer must deliver a readable response when exposed to target fields in a wide range of parameters. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that the combination of 171Yb+ atomic sensors with adequately trained neural networks enables the characterization of target fields in distinct challenging scenarios. In particular, we characterize radio frequency (RF) fields in the presence of large shot noise, including the limit case of continuous data acquisition via single-shot measurements. Furthermore, by incorporating neural networks we significantly extend the working regime of atomic magnetometers into scenarios in which the RF driving induces responses beyond their standard harmonic behavior.
Influenza vaccine uptake among children and older adults in China: A secondary analysis of a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Du Yumeng , Jin Chenqi , Jit Mark , Chantler Tracey , Lin Leesa , Larson Heidi , Li Jing , Gong Wenfeng , Yang Fan , Ren Nina , Cheng Weibin , Zhou Yi , Tang Weiming , Tucker Joseph D. , Wu Dan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Influenza vaccination is the key to reducing the influenza-related disease burden, especially among high-risk populations. However, influenza vaccine uptake is low in China. This secondary analysis of a quasi-experimental trial in Guangdong Province aimed to understand factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake among children and older people stratified by funding context. Methods: A total of 225 children (aged 0.5-8 years) and 225 older people (aged 60 years or above) were recruited from three clinics (rural, suburban, urban). Participants were allocated into two groups based on different funding contexts: self-paid group (N=150, including 75 children and 75 older adults) in which participants paid full market price for their vaccination; and subsidized group (N=300, including 150 children and 150 older adults) in which varying levels of financial support was provided. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted stratified by funding contexts. Results: Overall, 75.0% (225/300) of participants in the subsidized group and 36.7% (55/150) in the self-paid group got vaccinated. Older adults had lower vaccination rates than children in both funding groups, while both age groups showed much higher uptake in the subsidized group than in the self-paid group (86.7% vs 53.3% among children; 63.3% vs 20.0% among older people). In the self-paid group, participants living with children (aOR:2.61, 95%CI: 1.06-6.42) or older people (aOR:4.76, 95%CI: 1.08-20.90) having prior influenza vaccination in the same household were more likely to be vaccinated; trust in providers’ advice (aOR=4.95, 95%CI:1.99, 12.43) or effectiveness of the vaccine (aOR: 12.18, 95%CI: 5.21-28.50), and experienced influenza-like illnesses in the family (aOR=46.52, 4.10, 533.78) were associated with higher vaccine uptake in the subsidized group. Conclusions: Older people had suboptimal vaccine uptake compared to children in both contexts and need more attention in future efforts to enhance influenza vaccination. Tailoring interventions to different vaccine funding contexts may help improve influenza vaccine uptake: In self-paid context, measures to motivate people to accept their first ever influenza vaccination may be a promising strategy. In subsidized context, strategies to improve public confidence in vaccine effectiveness and providers’ advice would be useful. Trial registration: ChiCTR2000040048. Registered on November 19, 2020.
Tyrosine kinase SRC-mediated YAP1-KLF5 module regulates cancer stemness and metastasis in TNBC
Authors: Zou Hailin , Luo Juan , Guo Yibo , Li Peng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
SRC was the first identified oncogene, and its aberrant activation has been implicated as a driving event in tumor initiation and progression. However, its role in cancer stemness regulation and the underlying regulatory mechanism are still elusive. Here, we identified a YAP1 tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent YAP1-KLF5 oncogenic module, as the key downstream mediator of SRC kinase regulating cancer stemness and metastasis in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). SRC was overexpressed in TNBC patient tissues and its expression level was highly correlated with the tumor malignancy. SRC activation induced, while inhibition of SRC kinase reduced the cancer stemness, tumor cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed that SRC-mediated YAP1 tyrosine phosphorylation induced its interaction with Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) to form a YAP1/TEAD-KLF5 complex in TNBC cells. YAP1-KLF5 association further promoted TEAD-mediated transcriptional program independently of canonical Hippo kinases (MST-LATS), which eventually gave rise to the enhanced cancer stemness and metastasis. Disruption of YAP1-KLF5 module in TNBC cells dramatically attenuated the SRC-induced cancer stemness and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, co-upregulations of SRC and YAP1-KLF5 module in TNBC tissues were significantly positively correlated with the tumor malignance. Altogether, our work presents a novel tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent YAP1-KLF5 oncogenic module governing SRC-induced cancer stemness and metastasis in TNBC. Therefore, targeting of YAP1/KLF5-mediated transcription represents a promising strategy for TNBC treatment with SRC aberrantly activation.
Continuing cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibition in metastatic breast cancer patients previously treated with another cyclin-dependant kinase 4/6 inhibitor: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aguilar Alicia de Luna , Fuentes Javier David Benitez , Arcilla Jorge Bartolome , Shah Richa , Avagyan Manushak , Frick Clara , Lorenzo Alfonso Lopez de Sa , Rojas Carmen Toledano , Anton Fernando Moreno , Saenz Jose Angel Garcia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Most breast cancers are estrogen receptor-positive and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (ER+/HER2-). A small proportion of these cases are metastatic, and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are the mainstay of treatment in this scenario. Evidence supports the existence of differences between the three approved cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in preclinical and clinical settings. However, literature regarding the use of a CDK4/6i in metastatic breast cancer patients (MBC) previously treated with another CDK4/6i is scarce. Methods: A search will be performed on the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In addition, a manual search of the San Antonio Breast Cancer Conference, American Society of Clinical Oncology annual conference, European Society of Medical Oncology annual conference, and European Society of Medical Oncology Breast annual conference will be conducted. Discussion: To our knowledge, no previous systematic review has evaluated the available evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of CDK4/6i treatment in MBC previously treated with another CDK4/6i. This systematic review and meta-analysis will synthesise existing data on the effectiveness and safety of using a CDK4/6i after prior exposure to another in MBC. It will also identify gaps in the literature for potential future research. The results of this study will focus on multiple audiences including patients, their families, caregivers, and healthcare professionals. These results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022330355
Effect of retaining versus removing green prunings on N2 fixation of Cajanus cajan and Sesbania sesban
Authors: Makhubedu Thabo , Letty Brigid , Mafongoya Paramu , Scogings Peter 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aim
To compare the effects of retention versus removal of green prunings on symbiotic N2 fixation of Sesbania sesban and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan).
Methods
A factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of retention versus removal of prunings on N2 fixation of pigeon pea and S. sesban. The plots had three rows of woody legumes, and Zea mays (maize) was planted in between the legume rows. Three prunings were conducted between April 2017 and February 2018 by cutting the legumes back to 75 cm height. Pruned leaves and twigs were either spread evenly (retained) on the soil surface or completely removed (removed). N2 fixation was measured using the 15N natural abundance method.
Results
Whether fresh prunings were retained or removed, pigeon pea derived a significant proportion of its N nutrition from N2 fixation as compared with S. sesban. Retaining prunings on the soil surface significantly depressed symbiotic N2 fixation by 18% in pigeon pea and 20.6% in S. sesban compared to when prunings were removed. The results also showed that retaining prunings increased the reliance of pigeon pea and S. sesban on soil N uptake.
Conclusions
Retaining both leaves and twigs in agroforestry systems reduces N2 fixation by pigeon pea and S. sesban. The observed reduction in N2 fixation following retention of prunings could diminish the beneficial effects of N2-fixing species on soil N fertility in agroforestry systems.
Fire frequency and severity mediate recruitment success of a threatened shrub following a megafire
Authors: Breton Tom Le , Canackle Laura , Dunne Craig , Lyons Mitchell , Ooi Mark 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Climate change is driving global fire regimes to become more extreme, potentially threatening plant species that are adapted to less extreme, historic fire regimes. Developing a better understanding of how threatened plant species might respond to a more extreme fire regime is key to successful future conservation in fire prone regions. The Australian megafires in 2019-2020 were unprecedented in the extent of vegetation burnt at very high to extreme severity and overlaid a complex history of prescribed burns and wildfires. These conditions established an ideal foundation for a case study of consequences for a threatened obligate-seeding shrub, Pomaderris bodalla, which grows in wet sclerophyll (mesic) forest on the south-east coast of Australia. We sought to confirm the response of this species to extreme severity fires, by surveying seedling recruitment at sites across a gradient of fire severity, exposed to a history of different fire frequencies. Our aims were to identify i) whether there was an interaction between the two fire regime elements and ii) whether the threshold for the usual positive relationship between fire severity and seedling recruitment could be exceeded under future fire regimes. Results We found that recruitment had a hump-shaped response to fire severity, peaking at high severity sites as soil temperatures reached optimal levels for dormancy-break but declining at extreme severity sites. The pattern of response matched in vitro studies, which had established that physically dormant P. bodalla seeds had minimal dormancy broken at low fire-related temperatures, peak dormancy broken at high fire-related temperatures, and heat-induced mortality at extreme temperatures. Fire frequency had an overall negative effect on recruitment, with fewer recruits at more frequently burnt sites, however a significant interaction highlighted that this effect was driven mainly at high severity burn sites. Conclusion Our findings indicate that while the species may persist at higher severity fires in the future, albeit with lower levels of recruitment, increased fire frequency poses an ongoing threat to P. bodalla and similar species. Fire management informed by species and ecosystem fire response traits can be a boon to conservation efforts, but requires detailed knowledge of species responses to all elements of the fire regime.
Encapsulation and adhesion of nanoparticles as a potential biomarker for cancer cell metastatic propensity
Authors: Merkher Yulia , Kontareva Elizaveta , Bogdan Elizaveta , Achkasov Konstantin , Grolman Joshua M. , Leonov Sergey 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related mortality; therefore, the ability to predict its propensity can remarkably affect survival rate. Metastasis development is predicted nowadays by lymph-node status, tumor size, histopathology, and genetic testing. However, all these methods may have inaccuracies, and some require weeks to complete. Identifying novel prognostic markers will open an essential source for risk prediction, possibly guiding to elevated patient treatment by personalized strategies. Cancer cell invasion is a critical step in metastasis. The cytoskeletal mechanisms used by metastatic cells for the invasion process are very similar to the utilization of actin cytoskeleton in the endocytosis process. In the current study, the adhesion and encapsulation efficiency of low-cost carboxylate-modified fluorescent nanoparticles by breast cancer cells with high (HM) and low metastatic potential (LM) have been evaluated; benign cells were used as control. Using high-content fluorescence imaging and analysis, we have revealed (within a short time of 1h), that efficiency of nanoparticles adherence and encapsulation is sufficiently higher in HM cells compared to LM cells, while benign cells are not encapsulating or adhering the particles during experiment time at all. We have utilized custom-made automatic image analysis algorithms to find quantitative co-localization (Pearson’s coefficients) of the nanoparticles with the imaged cells. The method proposed here is straightforward; it does not require especial equipment or expensive materials nor complicated cell manipulations, it may be potentially applicable for various cells, including patient-derived cells. Effortless and quantitative determination of the metastatic likelihood has the potential to be performed using patient-specific biopsy/surgery sample, which will directly influence the choice of protocols for cancer patient’s treatment and, as a result, increase their life expectancy.
Psychometric Properties of the Readiness for Return to Work Scale in Occupational Rehabilitation in South Korea
Authors: Lee Jeong-Eun , Kim Soo Hyun , Shin Gain , Yoo Su Bin , Leigh Ja-Ho 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: This study validated the Korean version of the Readiness to Return to Work (RRTW) scale, as an assessment measure, following a musculoskeletal, work-related injury, and as a measure of following return to work.Methods: The participants of this study were workers with experience in rehabilitation programs at Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service Hospital in Korea. Factor analyses were employed to ensure the validity and reliability of the RRTW scale in claimants who were in treatment without working (the not-working group) or who had already returned to work (the working group). We analyzed the not working group (exploratory factor analysis (EFA) n=200, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) n=109) and the working group (EFA n=123). To verify concurrent validity (multidimensional and assignment approach), the variables that were identified as relevant variables in previous studies were analyzed. Results: The not working group EFA, as shown in the original scale, had four dimensions, and one item was deleted: (1) Precontemplation (2) Contemplation (3) Prepared for Action-Self-evaluative and (4) Prepared for Action-Behavioral. The CFA revealed that a good model fit and reliability were suitable. Regarding the working group of EFA, it appeared in two dimensions as in the original scale, one item was modified from the UM scale to the PM scale, and the reliability was appropriate. Concurrent validity was satisfied based on the correlation between the RRTW factor and related variables.Conclusions: Readiness of Return to Work in the Korean version of the instrument were similar to those reported for the original scale, indicating that it may be used in research and clinical settings.
Complex effects of dissolved organic matter, temperature, and initial bloom density on the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide to control cyanobacteria
Authors: Buley Riley P. , Gladfelter Matthew F. , Fernandez-Figueroa Edna G. , Wilson Alan E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms plague reservoirs and lakes used for a variety of purposes. Chemical controls are frequently used to mitigate the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms given that many are fast-acting and effective at reducing cyanobacterial abundance. Recent research has identified hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an environmentally-friendly alternative to algaecides that have typically been used, such as copper sulfate. To build on past studies, these experiments sought to further understand how well H2O2 treatments reduce cyanobacteria in complex eutrophic conditions. We assessed the effectiveness of H2O2 (at treatments of 2-16 mg L-1) under varying environmental conditions in a controlled laboratory setting, including (1) dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations (humic acid; 0 - 60 mg L-1), (2) temperatures (20, 25, and 32 °C), and (3) initial algal biomass (82 – 371 µg L-1 as chlorophyll). In contrast to our expectations, neither DOM concentration nor temperature meaningfully impacted the effectiveness of H2O2 at reducing cyanobacteria. However, initial algal biomass as well as H2O2 treatment greatly influenced the effectiveness of the algaecide. Across all experiments, H2O2 concentrations of 0.03 - 0.12 mg H2O2 L-1/µg chlorophyll L-1 were effective at significantly reducing cyanobacteria. Thus, water resource managers are encouraged to consider how ambient levels of algal biomass may affect the ability of H2O2 to control algal blooms prior to treatment.
Aetiology of Hospitalized Fever and Risk of Death at Two Rural Tertiary Care Hospitals in Uganda from August 2019 to August 2020
Authors: Blair Paul W. , Kobba Kenneth , Kakooza Francis , Robinson Matthew L. , Candia Emmanuel , Mayito Jonathan , Ndawula Edgar C. , Kandathil Abraham , Matovu Alphonsus , Aniku Gilbert , Manabe Yukari C , Lamorde Mohammed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Epidemiology of febrile illness in Uganda is shifting due to increased HIV treatment access, emerging viruses, and increased surveillance. We investigated the aetiology and outcomes of acute febrile illness in adults presenting to hospital using a standardized testing algorithm of available assays in two tertiary care hospitals in Uganda.Methods: We recruited adults with a ≥ 38.0°C temperature or history of fever within 48 hours of presentation. Medical history, demographics, and vital signs were recorded. Testing performed included a complete blood count, renal and liver function, malaria smears, blood culture, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). When HIV positive; cryptococcal antigen, CD4 count, and urine lateral flow lipoarabinomannan assay for tuberculosis. Participants were followed during hospitalization and at a 1-month visit. A Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to evaluate for baseline clinical features and risk of death.Results: Of 132 participants, the median age was 33.5 years (IQR 24 to 46) and 58.3% (n=77) were female. Overall, 73 (55.3%) of 132 had a positive microbiologic result. Among those living with HIV, 31 (68.9%) of 45 had at least one positive assay; 16 (35.6%) had malaria, 14 (31.1%) tuberculosis, and 4 (8.9%) cryptococcal antigenemia. The majority (65.9%) were HIV-negative; 42 (48.3%) of 87 had at least one diagnostic assay positive; 24 (27.6%) had positive malaria smears and 1 was Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra positive. Overall, 16 (12.1%) of 132 died; 9 (56.3%) of 16 were HIV-negative, 6 died after discharge. High respiratory rate (≥22 breaths per minute) (hazard ratio [HR] 8.05; 95% CI: 1.81 to 35.69) and low (i.e., <92%) oxygen saturation (HR 4.33; 95% CI: 1.38 to 13.61) were identified to be associated with increased risk of death.Conclusion: In those with hospitalized fever, malaria and tuberculosis were common causes of febrile illness, but most deaths were non-malarial, and most HIV-negative participants did not have a positive diagnostic result. Those with respiratory failure had a high risk of death.