bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitating connection to enhance college student well‐being: Evaluation of an experiential group program
Authors: Costello Meghan A. , Nagel Alison G. , Hunt Gabrielle L. , Rivens Ariana J. , Hazelwood Olivia A. , Pettit Corey , Allen Joseph P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis randomized controlled trial examined the impact of The Connection Project, an experiential, relationship‐focused intervention designed to improve school belongingness and decrease symptoms of depression and loneliness among new college students. Participants were 438 first‐year and transfer students (232 treatment, 206 waitlist‐control) at a medium‐sized, 4years, predominantly White public university in the Southeastern United States. At postintervention, the treatment group reported significant relative increases in school belonging and significant relative reductions in levels of loneliness and depressive symptoms in comparison to waitlist‐controls. Program effects were stronger for students from marginalized racial or ethnic backgrounds, students from lower socioeconomic status households, and transfer students. Results are interpreted as suggesting the utility of experiential, peer‐support prevention programming to promote college students' well‐being, particularly college students who hold identities that are traditionally disadvantaged in this context.
Systematic use of phenotype evidence in clinical genetic testing reduces the frequency of variants of uncertain significance
Authors: Johnson Britt , Ouyang Karen , Frank Lauren , Truty Rebecca , Rojahn Susan , Morales Ana , Aradhya Swaroop , Nykamp Keith 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGuidelines for variant interpretation include criteria for incorporating phenotype evidence, but this evidence is inconsistently applied. Systematic approaches to using phenotype evidence are needed. We developed a method for curating disease phenotypes as highly or moderately predictive of variant pathogenicity based on the frequency of their association with disease‐causing variants. To evaluate this method's accuracy, we retrospectively reviewed variants with clinical classifications that had evolved from uncertain to definitive in genes associated with curated predictive phenotypes. To demonstrate the clinical validity and utility of this approach, we compared variant classifications determined with and without predictive phenotype evidence. The curation method was accurate for 93%–98% of eligible variants. Among variants interpreted using highly predictive phenotype evidence, the percentage classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic was 80%, compared with 46%–54% had the evidence not been used. Positive results among individuals harboring variants with highly predictive phenotype‐guided interpretations would have been missed in 25%–37% of diagnostic tests and 39%–50% of carrier screens had other approaches to phenotype evidence been used. In summary, predictive phenotype evidence associated with specific curated genes can be systematically incorporated into variant interpretation to reduce uncertainty and increase the clinical utility of genetic testing.
Strukturaufklärung eines chiralen in situ erzeugten hypervalenten Iod‐Komplexes mittels VCD‐Spektroskopie
Authors: Golub Tino P. , Abazid Ayham H. , Nachtsheim Boris J. , Merten Christian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDie Struktur von in situ erzeugten chiralen Aryl‐λ3‐iodanen, die unter oxidativen Reaktionsbedingungen erhalten wurden, konnte bisher nicht mit experimentellen Techniken beobachtet werden. Deren vorgeschlagene Strukturen beruhen nahezu ausschließlich auf DFT‐Berechnungen. In diesem Beitrag etablieren wir die Schwingungszirkulardichroismus‐Spektroskopie (VCD) als eine experimentelle Technik zur Verifizierung von DFT‐berechneten chiralen Iodanstrukturen. Für einen chiralen Triazol‐substituierten Iodoaren‐Katalysator wird ein bisher unbeschriebenes kationisches chirales Iodan identifiziert, dass eine intramolekulare N‐I‐Wechselwirkung aber keine signifikanten Wechselwirkungen mit Tosylat oder m‐Chlorbenzoesäure als potenzielle anionische Liganden aufweist. Stattdessen wurde eine Aggregation dieser Substrate festgestellt, die zur Bildung eines nicht‐koordinierenden anionischen wasserstoffgebundenen Komplexes führte. Die Bedeutung der VCD‐Spektroskopie als entscheidende experimentelle Methode zum Nachweis der kationischen Spezies wird auch durch die Tatsache unterstrichen, dass unser ursprünglicher Strukturvorschlag, der rein auf DFT‐Berechnungen basierte, widerlegt werden konnte.
Enhancement of mechanical properties of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposites without losing thermal stability
Authors: Tenório Soares Igor , de Muniz Almeida Clara , de Maru Moraes Marcia Marie , de Fátima Vieira Marques Maria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study involves the development of individual and hybrid nanocomposites and their structural, thermal, and mechanical characterization, using wear‐resistant fillers like aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and boron carbide (B4C) in a high‐performance polymer, namely, ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Nanocomposites were produced by ball milling followed by hot‐pressing molding, using vitamin E as an antioxidant agent. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x‐ray diffractometry revealed no interaction at the molecular level between the phases. Optical microscopy evidenced a network formed by the nanoparticles surrounding the polymeric grains in the nanocomposites structure. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and confocal Raman spectroscopy helped understand this morphology. The mixing process results in a polymeric powder covered by the nanometric particles with a superficial interaction. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were able to show the stability of the polymeric matrix, even with the presence of the nanofillers, which is possible due to the nanocomposites' structure. The produced nanocomposites present enhancement of their mechanical properties as compared to the pure polymer, evidenced by indentation tests. This work shows that UHMWPE can be manipulated to suit industrial applications that demand good mechanical reinforcement without losing thermal stability.
Recent Advances in Post‐polymerization Modifications on Polypeptides: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Li Yue , Chang Rong , Chen Yong‐Xiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolypeptides, a kind of very promising biomaterial, have shown a wide range of applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, easy accessibility, and structural variability. To synthesize polypeptides with desired functions, post‐polymerization modification (PPM) plays an important role in introducing novel chemical structure on their side‐chains. The key to PPM strategy is to develop highly selective and efficient reactions that can couple the additional functional moieties with pre‐installed side‐chain functionalities on polypeptides. In this minireview, classic PPM approaches and their recent progresses are summarized and categorized into five sections, including various reactions on unsaturated alkyl, oxygen‐, nitrogen‐, sulfur‐containing and other special functional groups. In addition, we also highlight the applications of the resultant structure‐diversified polypeptides in the field of biomaterial.
Optimizing Atomically Dispersed Metal Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution: Chemical Coordination Effect and Electronic Metal Support Interaction
Authors: Jiang Su , Xue Dongping , Zhang Jia‐Nan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHydrogen has emerged as a green and sustainable fuel to meet the demand for future global energy. Distinct from steam reforming, electrochemical water splitting, especially powered by renewables, has been considered as a promising technique for scalable production of high‐purity hydrogen with no carbon emission. Its commercialization depends on accelerating reaction kinetics and thus reduction of hydrogen cost, requiring electrocatalysts that are efficient, economical, and capable of stable and sustained hydrogen production. Atomically dispersed metal carbon‐based catalysts (ADMCs) have attracted extensive attention due to their high atom utilization, abundant accessible active sites, fast mass transfer, and well‐defined and tunable structures as ideal models for commercialized hydrogen production catalysts. However, boosting the performances of ADMCs for HER still requires new‐captions of rational structural design. In this review, starting from the recently developed strategies of ADMCs synthesis, the microenvironment regulation of active sites of ADMCs are systematically summarized and discussed, such as atomically metal doping, synergetic atomically doping and ADMCs supported nanocrystals. With attention on the catalytic mechanisms and structure‐activity relationships ranging from chemical coordination effects and electronic metal‐support interaction, the active origin of ADMCs in the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction is discussed. Finally, the review outlooks the remaining challenges and emerging research topics in the future, including long service life, amplification preparation techniques, high‐output alkaline water electrolysis, seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production and large current density hydrogen evolution. The new insights and knowledge into these aspects will be helpful for filling the existing gaps between scientific communities and industries and open up opportunities for bringing this promising technology into reality.
The endocannabinoid system in borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder: A scoping review
Authors: Ho Wilson , Kolla Nathan J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIndividuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) or antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) are overrepresented in forensic settings. Yet, despite the burden these disorders place on healthcare and criminal justice systems, there remains a lack of evidence‐based pharmacological treatments. Epidemiological data have shown that comorbid cannabis use disorders are common in BPD and ASPD. ∆9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol, the primary psychoactive constituent of cannabis, is an exogenous cannabinoid that stimulates the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Hence, an investigation of the ECS in these conditions is warranted. This scoping review screened 105 records and summarized the extant research on the ECS in ASPD (n = 69) and BPD (n = 61) participants. Preliminary results suggest that alterations of the ECS may be present in these disorders. Although research examining the ECS in personality disorders is still in its infancy, more research is warranted given initial positive findings.
An Excel‐based approach for designing stepped driveshafts for mobility devices and a study of its use in a design of machine elements course
Authors: Darnal Aryabhat , Fisseler Matthew , Benjamin Chandler C. , Srinivasa Arun R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to describe a new MS Excel‐based approach for designing driveshafts for stiffness and fatigue strength. We analyze the efficacy of the approach in engaging students in an iterative design process and higher‐level qualitative decision‐making activities in an undergraduate class at Texas A&M University. Compared to conventional fixed cross‐section frames and trusses, there are few tools (barring Finite Element Packages) that facilitate rapid design evaluations of stepped shafts. The approach is based on a novel use of singularity functions to obtain explicit solutions for stepped shafts under concentrated loads. This approach allows for relatively easy implementation into Excel without the need for any numerical integration or other forms of approximation. Currently, the tedious calculations involved in the design of stepped shafts prevent instructors from exploring iterative changes in driveshaft design. The Excel tool that we have developed allows instructors and students to focus on iterative decision‐making. With this tool, open‐ended design questions are assigned even in exams since the entire iterative process takes less than 15–20 min. Student surveys and analysis of exam answers reveal that students have gained a considerable capability to make design decisions. They also indicate areas where improvement in design thinking is needed.
A practical framework RNMF for exploring the association between mutational signatures and genes using gene cumulative contribution abundance
Authors: Li Zhenzhang , Liang Haihua , Zhang Shaoan , Luo Wen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMutational signatures are somatic mutation patterns enriching operational mutational processes, which can provide abundant information about the mechanism of cancer. However, understanding of the pathogenic biological processes is still limited, such as the association between mutational signatures and genes.MethodsWe developed a simple and practical R package called RNMF (https://github.com/zhenzhang‐li/RNMF) for mutational signature analysis, including a key model of cumulative contribution abundance (CCA), which was designed to highlight the association between mutational signatures and genes and then applying it to a meta‐analysis of 1073 individuals with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).ResultsWe revealed a number of known and previously undescribed SBS or ID signatures, and we found that APOBEC signatures (SBS2* and SBS13*) were closely associated with PIK3CA mutation, especially the E545k mutation. Furthermore, we found that age signature is closely related to the frequent mutation of TP53, of which R342* is highlighted due to strongly linked to age signature. In addition, the CCA matrix image data of genes in the signatures New, SBS3*, and SBS17b* were helpful for the preliminary evaluation of shortened survival outcome. These results can be extended to estimate the distribution of mutations or features, and study the potential impact of clinical factors.ConclusionsIn a word, RNMF can successfully achieve the correlation analysis of mutational signatures and genes, proving a strong theoretical basis for the study of mutational processes during tumor development.
Lifting the curtain on cultural values, materialism and luxury consumption: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Shammout Eyad , D'Alessandro Steven , Small Felicity , Nayeem Tahmid 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe demand for luxury goods is growing in new emerging markets. However, there is still minimal research on the influence of culture and materialism on consumers' purchasing behaviour for luxury goods in these markets. Data were collected using an online survey from 532 luxury customers in Jordan. This research provides empirical evidence that adds to brand luxury studies by investigating the relationship between cultural orientations (vertical–horizontal), dimensions of individualism and collectivism with materialism and other interpersonal factors influencing materialism and luxury purchase intentions. The findings show that materialism is highly correlated with vertical orientations. Moreover, the relationship between materialism and purchase intentions is not significant but mediated by the bandwagon effect and status consumption. This suggests that Jordanian consumers buy luxury products to help support their social status and keep up with trends within their social groups. For marketing management strategy, to encourage purchases, communication strategies should emphasise the social value of the purchase.
Understanding high‐involvement product purchase through an innovative machine learning approach: A case of housing type choice
Authors: Amarasinghe Arachchige Jaliya , Quach Sara , Roca Eduardo , Liu Benjamin , Liew Alan Wee‐Chung , Earl George 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdopting the conservation of resources theory, this research explores the joint influence of multiple factors affecting the choice of housing, an instance of a high involvement product. We develop an innovative Machine Learning approach to identify the most significant set of factors affecting consumers' housing choices. It was found that housing choices were primarily bound by energy resources and secondarily by other personal, conditional, and object resources. The study identified 25 key factors, many of which previous studies have not explored. The new factors include government payments, vehicle possession, time living with children, marriage duration, current location duration, and health conditions. The results suggest that joint effects of factors are more prominent than individual effects in influencing the choice of high‐involvement products. Further, the study suggests that ML methods are more robust than traditional methods and can be applied to analyse other types of high involvement products. The findings can assist real estate investors, policymakers and other stakeholders to understand sophisticated market behaviours to develop better and tailored housing strategies.
Give where you live: A social network analysis of charitable donations reveals localized prosociality
Authors: Chapman Cassandra M. , Louis Winnifred R. , Masser Barbara M. , Hornsey Matthew J. , Broccatelli Chiara 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMillions of charities compete for donations, yet no empirical study has examined patterns of shared giving behavior across the nonprofit sector. To understand which types of charities are more likely to share donors, we conducted a social network analysis using behavioral data from 1,504,848 donors to 52 large charities in Australia. Three hypotheses were tested, which considered how patterns of shared donations may be determined by charity sub‐type (e.g., health, social services, religious), type of beneficiaries (i.e., humans, animals, the environment), or geographic focus (i.e., international, national, regional). Overall, results indicate that patterns of shared giving are strongly shaped by geography: international charities typically share donors, as do charities operating in the same local region. Some—albeit inconsistent—evidence also emerged to support the notion that sub‐type may be an organizing principle for donation distributions, but little support was found for the idea that beneficiaries influence shared giving patterns. A key managerial implication is that the practice of supporter list swapping may be most beneficial when lists are shared between organizations that both operate in the same geographic region rather than between organizations that both operate as the same sub‐type of charity or both share similar beneficiaries.
Effects of arbutin on glucose uptake by glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and its cytoprotective properties in L6 skeletal muscle cell line
Authors: Gholami Bahnemiri Mehdi , Nouri Hamid Reza , Zabihi Ebrahim , Sadeghi Farzin , Pouramir Mahdi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIt has been well known that oxidative stress and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a pivotal role in disrupting the insulin signaling pathways leading to cellular insulin resistance. In this study, we evaluated arbutin's effects on glucose uptake by GLUT4 and cytoprotective properties in the L6 skeletal muscle cell line. The effect of arbutin and tertiary butyl hydrogen peroxide (t‐BHP) on glucose uptake in cultured L6 cells was investigated by flow cytometry. We also evaluated gene expression levels of GLUT1 and GLUT4 in the L6 cells by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis. The results from the study demonstrated that the optimum ROS generation occurred 3 h after 100 µM t‐BHP treatment and pretreatment with arbutin (500 and 1000 µM) significantly inhibited the t‐BHP induced ROS generation (p < .05). Our result indicated that 3 h pretreatment of L6 cells with 1000 μM of arbutin before 50 μM t‐BHP significantly increased glucose uptake than the 50 μM t‐BHP alone group (p < .05). Our findings may suggest that an increase in the uptake of 2‐NBDG by L6 cells with arbutin pretreatment can be associated with increased expression of GLUT4 and GLUT1 under oxidative stress.
Case report: PICC line for a toddler with bilateral bidirectional Glenn shunt, Fontan circulation, and persistent left superior vena cava
Authors: Tran Huong Thi Mai , Tran Dien Minh , Nguyen Truong Ly Thinh , Nguyen Nguyet Thi , Nguyen Mai Thi , Ngo Huyen Thanh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPerforming peripherally inserted central catheters for children with bilateral bidirectional Glenn shunt, Fontan circulation, and persistent left superior vena cava differs from those with normal central venous anatomy. This study presents two PICC procedures for a toddler with this condition to demonstrate an accurate PICC approach for such children.
Gram‐Scale Production of GDP‐β‐l‐fucose with Multi‐Enzyme Cascades in a Repetitive‐Batch Mode
Authors: Frohnmeyer Hannes , Rueben Simon , Elling Lothar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGuanosine 5’‐diphospho‐β‐l‐fucose (GDP‐Fuc) is an important and expensive nucleotide sugar only available in low quantities. We established two processes for the gram‐scale production of GDP‐Fuc with multi‐enzyme cascades. We used the bifunctional enzyme fucokinase/GDP‐fucose pyrophosphorylase from Bacteroides fragilis either with an ATP‐regeneration system using polyphosphate or an excess of ATP. The optimized enzyme modules were scaled up to a 20 mL repetitive‐batch production with 15 and 12 repetitive batches for ATP‐regeneration and ATP excess, respectively. With ATP‐regeneration a final product amount of 1.1 g (31 % yield) GDP‐Fuc was obtained. The production process with ATP excess reached 1.6 g (57 % yield). Exceptional high total turnover numbers of 27 gP*gE−1 and 31 gP*gE−1, as well as space‐time‐yields of 0.083 gp*L−1*h−1 and 0.217 gp*L−1*h−1 were reached for each process respectively. Furthermore, we established a product purification protocol that enables a 95 % removal of free phosphates from the product solution, to ease further purification.
Halogenation and Nucleophilic Quenching: Two Routes to E−X Bond Formation in Cobalt Triple‐Decker Complexes (E=As, P; X=F, Cl, Br, I)
Authors: Garbagnati Anna , Piesch Martin , Seidl Michael , Balázs Gábor , Scheer Manfred 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe oxidation of [(Cp’’’Co)2(μ,η2 : η2‐E2)2] (E=As (1), P (2); Cp’’’=1,2,4‐tri(tert‐butyl)cyclopentadienyl) with halogens or halogen sources (I2, PBr5, PCl5) was investigated. For the arsenic derivative, the ionic compounds [(Cp’’’Co)2(μ,η4 : η4−As4X)][Y] (X=I, Y=[As6I8]0.5 (3 a), Y=[Co2Cl6‐nIn]0.5 (n=0, 2, 4; 3 b); X=Br, Y=[Co2Br6]0.5 (4); X=Cl, Y=[Co2Cl6]0.5 (5)) were isolated. The oxidation of the phosphorus analogue 2 with bromine and chlorine sources yielded the ionic complexes [(Cp’’’Co)2(μ‐PBr2)2(μ‐Br)][Co2Br6]0.5 (6 a), [(Cp’’’Co)2(μ‐PCl2)2(μ‐Cl)][Co2Cl6]0.5 (6 b) and the neutral species [(Cp’’’Co)2(μ‐PCl2)(μ‐PCl)(μ,η1 : η1‐P2Cl3] (7), respectively. As an alternative approach, quenching of the dications [(Cp’’’Co)2(μ,η4 : η4‐E4)][TEF]2 (TEF=[Al{OC(CF3)3}4]−, E=As (8), P (9)) with KI yielded [(Cp’’’Co)2(μ,η4 : η4‐As4I)][I] (10), representing the homologue of 3, and the neutral complex [(Cp’’’Co)(Cp’’’CoI2)(μ,η4 : η1‐P4)] (11), respectively. The use of [(CH3)4N]F instead of KI leads to the formation of [(Cp’’’Co)2(μ‐PF2)(μ,η2 : η1 : η1‐P3F2)] (12) and 2, thereby revealing synthetic access to polyphosphorus compounds bearing P−F groups and avoiding the use of very strong fluorinating reagents, such as XeF2, that are difficult to control.