bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppressed Skyrmion Hall Effect of Hybrid Magnetic Skyrmions by Helicity Engineering
Authors: Chang Yuhan , Hao Hongyuan , Wu Huiliang , Zuo Yalu , Wu Hao , Hou Zhipeng , Yu Guoqiang , Liu Xiaoxi , Xi Li , Zhang Senfu , Cui Baoshan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are topological entities with particle‐like properties, holding great promise for ultra‐compact, all‐electronic, non‐volatile memory systems. However, the skyrmion Hall effect poses a significant challenge by causing skyrmions to annihilate at device edges and leading to data loss. So far, a number of theoretical proposals have been made to conquer this challenge, particularly focusing on hybrid magnetic skyrmions. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive methodology for fabricating hybrid magnetic skyrmions and strategies for precisely controlling their dynamics in experimental settings. In this study, these gaps are addressed by presenting a method to create isolated and stable hybrid magnetic skyrmions using synergetic current pulses and an external magnetic field in a [Pt/Co]3/Ru/[Co/Pt]3 multilayer system. The findings reveal that the skyrmion Hall angle can be efficiently reduced from −14° to −4° as the temperature increases from room temperature to 370 K. Micromagnetic simulations further show that this suppression is attributed to temperature‐induced modulation in the helicity of skyrmions. These results offer new insights into the dynamics of hybrid magnetic skyrmions and pave the way for the development of advanced information processing and computing devices leveraging the motion of skyrmions.
Promising Cobalt Oxide Hole Transport Layer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Cui Xiaxia , Zhang Xuewei , Guo Tonghui , Tang Guanqi , Jin Junjun , Zhu Zhenkun , Chu Daping , Gou Yanzhuo , Li Jinhua , Guo Yuzheng , Robertson John , Tai Qidong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on inorganic metal oxide hole transport layers (HTLs) bear the merits of high device stability and low material cost. However, the existence of metal‐vacancy defects on the surface of the metal oxide layer is a key constraint on achieving high efficiency and stability, like the case of the well‐known nickel oxide (NiOx) HTL. Here, a cobalt oxide (CoOx) HTL with the defect‐less surface is prepared by a solution process using Co(OH)2 as the cobalt source and water as an eco‐friendly solvent for the first time. The PSCs based on CoOx HTL show superior thermal and ultraviolet stability over the conventional NiOx counterparts. Theoretical calculations reveal that CoOx has higher formation energy of metal‐vacancy defect as well as higher interfacial adhesion energy than NiOx, resulting in a chemically stable HTL/perovskite interface. After further manipulating the microstructure and the electronic properties of the CoOx HTL via magnesium acetate doping, a 22.35% efficiency is achieved with an ambient‐processed FA0.4MA0.6I3 light‐absorbing layer. Such an efficiency exceeds all of the existing results reported for CoOx‐based PSCs and a higher value of >24% is attainable via facile interface modification. The according device also demonstrates robust operational stability in the air without encapsulation.
Recyclable Dynamic Hydrogen Bonding and Disulfide Based Polymer‐Silver Nanoparticle Hybrid Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Artificial Intelligence‐Assisted High‐Precision Smart Insoles
Authors: Zhang Kaiming , Sun Lixin , Xu Jiongyao , Dhaware Vinita , Wang Zhe , Chen Yiming , Wu Yahui , Gu Long , Liu Yuetao , Hoogenboom Richard 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith rapid advancement in the field of smart technology, reshapeable devices have garnered widespread interest. Liquid‐free flexible materials eliminate the risk of leakage thus enhancing user safety along with being recyclable. However, the poor network fluidity and difficulty in fully disconnecting cross‐links have limited its potential as a reshapeable device. In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are doped into a physically cross‐linked dynamic linear polydimethylsiloxane network (PIAU) to develop a closed‐loop recyclable high‐dielectric nanocomposite. This nanocomposite exhibits moderate elastoviscosity‐transition temperature and spatial remodelability based on multiple types of reversible hydrogen bonds and S─Ag bonds. AgNPs are sprayed on the nanocomposite surface to form a conductive coating stabilized by S─Ag bonds at the polymer‐nano interface. Based on this refined assembly, an antibacterial and recyclable triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is developed and applied as a high‐precision smart insole. The insole with 16 TENG sensors, resulting in a simplified system that employs machine learning (ML) for personalized motion monitoring, including motion recognition and gait classification. Five algorithm models ensure the high accuracy of the system and enable it to further expand the abnormal gait alarm system. This work presents a new reliable and environmentally friendly strategy for the design of high‐performance sustainable smart devices.
HCl Assisted Transformation of Lead‐Free 0D Cs3Cu2I5 Microcrystals to 3D Cs3Cu3Cl9 Single Crystals for Self‐Powered UV Photodetection
Authors: Sudarsan Darsana , Ganguly Rakesh , Koner Apurba Lal , Batabyal Sudip K 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCopper‐based halide perovskites have gained considerable interest in optoelectronic applications owing to their outstanding stability and luminescence properties. Herein, 3D structure of Cs3Cu3Cl9 single crystals is developed from the known phase of 0D Cs3Cu2I5 via addition of HCl. The transformed 3D Cs3Cu3Cl9 single crystals exhibit superior material properties such as an optical bandgap of 2.39 eV, and distinct violet emission at 425 nm, making them a potential candidate for ultraviolet (UV) photodetection. The hierarchical FTO/Cs3Cu3Cl9/C heterostructure UV photodetector showed a remarkable responsivity of 0.13 mA W−1 and specific detectivity of 2.20 × 109 Jones under 372 nm UV illumination at zero bias, possessing a better performance than the 0D Cs3Cu2I5 structure. This work brings insight into the transformation from 0D to 3D halide perovskite structure for self‐powered photodetectors via a simple solvent engineering strategy, thereby paving the way for further investigations in various optoelectronic applications.
PTAA‐Based Perovskite Photovoltaics Catching up: Ionic Liquid Engineering‐Assisted Crystallization Through Sequential Deposition
Authors: Li Yongjun , Wang Fei , Li Qiannan , Tang Baolei , Sun Yonggui , Wang Taomiao , Liang Xiao , Ma Jing , Zhou Xianfang , Zhang Fan , Li Xing'ao , Tong Yao , Hu Ruiyuan , Yuan Mingjian , Wu Tom , Ng Annie , Hu Hanlin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPTAA as a widely studied polymeric hole transporting material, has garnered significant attention due to its outstanding thermal and chemical stability. However, the performance of PTAA‐based p‐i‐n devices is shown to lag behind counterpart utilizing oxides or SAMs. In this study, the ionic liquid, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium formate (EMIMCOOH), is innovatively introduced into the lead iodide (PbI2) precursor solution, resulting in a more pronounced mesoporous PbI2 film with expended pore‐size and denser pores. This enhancement is attributed to the coordination bond between the ─C═O group in EMIMCOOH and Pb2+. This intensified mesoporous morphology not only facilities the reaction between PbI2 and the organic layer, but also promotes the PbI2 conversion into perovskite material. Importantly, the incorporation of EMIMCOOH slows down the perovskite conversion process, increasing perovskite domain size and suppressed Pb0 trap density, resulting in a uniform perovskite layer with enhanced charge transport properties, as evidenced by the conducting atomic force microscope (c‐AFM) results. As a result, the incorporation of EMIMCOOH yields a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.10% and a high fill factor exceeding 85%. Notably, the PCE of the EMIMCOOH‐modified device can still maintain 86% of the initial value after 1500 h at 25 °C in an N2 atmosphere.
Tailoring the Structural Evolution of Multi‐Electron Redox Conversions via Strong Selenium–Carbon Interaction for Robust Aqueous Copper‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jiang Fan , Peng Haoyu , Wu Yiqian , Li Yichen , Zhang Zeyu , Wang Yue , Li Jiuqiang , Peng Jing , Zhai Maolin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAqueous metal‐selenium batteries based on chalcogenide cathodes, despite their multi‐electron conversion‐type redox reactions and rapid kinetics, suffer from short lifespans and unclear capacity degradation mechanisms. The interfacial interactions between doped carbon and chalcogenides correlate closely with the electrochemical structural evolution. Hence, flower‐like Cu2−xSe wrapped with ultrathin N‐doped carbon layer (Cu2−xSe@N‐C) is synthesized via a simple γ radiation‐pyrolysis route for the first time. The Cu2−xSe@N‐C cathode displays a high‐rate performance and long‐term stability, with a respective capacity of 310.6 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1 and a capacity retention rate of 92.9% after 30 000 cycles over 2000 h at 5 A g−1. Ex situ X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm the reversible Cu storage mechanism of the Cu2−xSe@N‐C cathode and the issues of volume expansion and oxidative dissolution related to the capacity degradation of the Cu2−xSe cathode. Furthermore, X‐ray absorption analysis and theoretical calculations reveal the presence of Se─C interactions between the ultrathin N‐doped carbon and Cu2−xSe. As a result, the physical and chemical dual‐protection of N‐doped carbon via Se‐C not only effectively stabilizes the structural evolution of Cu2−xSe but also endows it with faster electrode reaction kinetics.
“Antenna Effect”‐Enhanced AuNPs@rGO Photothermal Coating Promotes 3D Printing of Osteogenic Active Scaffolds to Repair Bone Defects after Malignant Tumor Surgery
Authors: Xu Xinyu , Wang Hao , Mei Xiaohan , Zeng Dapeng , Yu Zehao , Liu Shibo , Li Ruiyan , Qin Yanguo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMalignant bone tumor defects are difficult to treat because of the simultaneous need for tumor treatment and bone‐repair promotion. This study presents a bioactive composite scaffold (T‐rGO@Au) for personalized bone defect repair and bone tumor treatment. The T‐rGO@Au scaffold has a porous structure, and its mechanical properties are close to those of human cancellous bone. The T‐rGO@Au scaffold can induce upregulation of osteopontin (OPN), RUNX‐2, and osteocalcin (OCN) gene expression. In vivo experiments showed that the bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) ratio with the T‐rGO@Au scaffold was the highest. The new bone was tightly integrated with the implant, demonstrating effective osseointegration. The T‐rGO@Au scaffold locally generated high temperatures and reactive oxygen species under near‐infrared excitation, and AuNPs enhanced the photothermal performance of rGO through the “antenna effect.” Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that the tumor cell nuclei were destroyed, late‐stage apoptotic cells increased, and cell morphology was severely damaged. Additionally, RNA‐seq revealed that tumor cell destruction was mediated through signaling pathways, such as the MAPK pathway. In vivo antitumor experiments also demonstrated that the T‐rGO@Au scaffold significantly inhibited the growth of tumor cells within 2 weeks. Thus, the T‐rGO@Au scaffold provides a new treatment strategy for the development of implantable scaffolds for bone tumor defects.
Enhanced layer‐layer interaction via a tunable C60 layer in Mo2CTx‐based catalyst for ammonia synthesis
Authors: Zhang Yangyu , Zhou Yanliang , Peng Xuanbei , Chen Ming , Li Jiaxin , Zhang Mingyuan , Zhang Tianhua , Ni Jun , Zheng Lirong , Wang Xiuyun , Jiang Lilong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMolybdenum (Mo) serves as the key site in the nitrogenase enzyme, catalyzing the conversion of N2 into NH3 under ambient conditions. However, the strong affinity of Mo sites for N2 hinders H2 adsorption due to the competitive nature of N2 and H2 on a single site, resulting in an unsatisfactory ammonia synthesis performance. Here, we propose an approach of intervening C60 layer as a second site for H2 adsorption on two‐dimensional Mo2CTx. The C60 layer thickness is readily tunable by varying its loading content. An optimal C60 layer significantly enhances the electronic interaction between the C60 layer and the Mo2CTx layer, leading to a remarkable decrease in the work function and an increase in the electron density of Mo atoms. Therefore, the separate adsorption of N2 and H2 on distinct sites is substantially facilitated. The present work offers insights into the correlation between structure and performance in NH3 synthesis catalysts.
Single‐Gene Deletion of FGF3 in a Patient With Features of 11q13 Microdeletion Syndrome
Authors: Rahi Hamed , Dickson Patricia I. , Toler Tomi L. , Corliss Meagan M. , Cao Yang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTChromosome 11q13 microdeletion syndrome, or otodental syndrome, involves dental, auditory, and ocular anomalies linked to deletions in the 11q13.2q13.4 region. We report a 1‐year‐old girl with a 43 kb deletion of the FGF3 gene on chromosome 11q13.3, exhibiting otodental dysplasia, hearing difficulty, and developmental delay. Her family history includes permanent childhood hearing loss and otodental syndrome. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and sequencing confirmed a complete heterozygous deletion of FGF3. This case suggests that FGF3 haploinsufficiency is sufficient to cause the syndrome's key clinical features, emphasizing the need for further research and long‐term follow‐up.
A Multicenter Study of Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis in China
Authors: Chu Xujun , Kang Juan , Xu Jingwen , Jiang Haishan , Wu Zhi‐Ying , Wang Qingping , Li Wei , Li Jia , Luan Xinghua , Sun Chong , Zou Zhangyu , Zhu Min , Chen Bin , Liu Xiaoxuan , Zhou Meihong , Du Kang , Huang Tao , Fan Dongsheng , Zhang Zaiqiang , Hong Daojun , Lin Jie , Cao Li , Qian Min , Wang Zhaoxia , Yuan Yun , Da Yuwei , Yu Hao , Zhang Ruxu , Meng Lingchao 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveHereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by the misfolding and deposition of the transthyretin (TTR) protein. This study aimed to describe the clinical and genetic characteristics of ATTRv in a large multicenter Chinese cohort.MethodsPatients from 14 centers were included in the study. The clinical and genetic characteristics of all patients were summarized. The peripheral blood white blood cell mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was detected in offspring from different genders.ResultsA total of 202 individuals with ATTRv from 148 families were identified. The average age of onset was 50.6 ± 12.4 years. Among these cases, 117 (57.9%) were classified as late‐onset (≥50 years) and 85 (42.1%) as early‐onset. Overall, the length dependent axonal sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy was the predominant phenotype (89.1%). A total of 42 heterozygous missense variants and 1 deletion variant were identified. The most common variants were Val30Met (19.8%) and Ala97Ser (15.8%) and patients with Val30Met and Ala97Ser were mostly late‐onset in our cohort. Thirty‐nine of these patients died with a mean age of 56.1 ± 13.5 years. Anticipation according to gender groups of offspring‐parent pairs was different, and mother‐son pairs showed the largest anticipation. The copies of mtDNA in the mother's offspring outnumbered those of the father's offspring (p < 0.001).InterpretationThis study highlights that ATTRv patients in China exhibit high heterogeneity in their initial symptoms. The most common variants observed in this cohort is Val30Met. The mtDNA copy number shows gender‐linked effects. These results can impact ATTRv diagnosis and patient care strategies. ANN NEUROL 2025
Flame Retardant, Smoke Suppressant, and Thermal Degradation Properties of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Treated With Fibrous Tin‐Based Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Duan Lian‐lian , Xu Xiao‐xia , Liu Fu‐ya , Wu Jie , Qu Hong‐qiang , Xu Jian‐zhong , Ma Hai‐yun , Jiao Yun‐hong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe current basic requirement for additive flame retardants is to improve flame retardancy while minimizing damage to the mechanical properties of the matrix. Many studies have reported that fibrous flame retardants not only improve flame retardancy but also enhance the performance of the flame‐retardant polymer matrix. Therefore, a fibrous tin‐based metal–organic framework material (SnBDC) in this study was prepared in an aqueous solution and studied as a flame retardant in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix through the following methods: the limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimetry, universal tensile testing machine, a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with a mass spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Compared with PVC, the LOI value and tensile strength of the flame‐retardant PVC sample treated with 2 phr SnBDC (PVC/2) were increased by 3 units and 34%, respectively; the peak heat release rate, peak smoke production rate, and total smoke production of PVC/2 were reduced by 44%, 66%, and 45%, respectively. SnBDC mainly accelerates the dechlorination of PVC in the first stage, promotes the cross‐linking of PVC dechlorination products into char, and inhibits especially the release of aromatic compounds.
Wild or Farmed: Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Values as Natural Biomarkers to Improve the Traceability of Endangered Totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi, Sciaenidae)
Authors: Gamboa‐Delgado Julián , Sánchez‐Díaz Ricardo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTotoaba macdonaldi is a large Sciaenid fish listed as a vulnerable species. The illegal commerce of its swimming bladder has caused severe overfishing, which has in turn been associated to the population decline of vaquita, a porpoise endemic to the Gulf of California. The present study had two objectives; the first was to use the natural carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values of wild and farmed totoaba as biomarkers to identify their origin. In the second part of the study, a group of juvenile totoabas was maintained under controlled feeding conditions to explore their rates of isotopic change and estimate the time required for the dietary isotopic values to be transferred into muscle tissue. Results from the feeding experiment indicated that muscle tissue of fish reached an isotopic equilibrium with the offered diet after 28 days for carbon and 43 days for nitrogen. Muscle samples collected from wild and farmed totoaba were analysed and data revealed that the isotopic values (carbon and nitrogen) were significantly different between both groups of organisms. A discriminant analysis using dual isotopic measurements showed a significant separation of classes, indicating that the isotopic values measured at natural abundance levels, can be effectively applied as biomarkers to support the traceability processes of farmed totoaba. The implications to promote a reduction of product mislabelling and to improve detection of illegally extracted fish are addressed.
From Survey to Rescue Excavation: Ground Truthing Geophysical Data From the Timișoara‐Freidorf La Tène Culture Settlement
Authors: Ardelean A. C. , Sărășan A. , Georgescu A. , Timoc C. , Popa Ș. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe current study employs a geophysical approach, integrating magnetic and Electrical Resistivity Tomography techniques, to unveil the Timișoara‐Freidorf La Tène culture settlement in the lowlands of the Banat region, southwestern Romania, within the context of a rescue excavation. A multi‐method approach was adopted in order to enhance archaeological precision. Geophysics proved essential in unveiling historical layers facing imminent destruction, providing insights into settlement organization. With a 71% correspondence rate between predicted and excavated archaeological features, we highlight the effectiveness of magnetic measurements in anticipating content for subsequent rescue excavations, especially in the context of La Tène culture features, where an overall detection rate of 85.7% is achieved. A total of 38 potential archaeological features were identified, with subsequent excavation confirming six as La Tène culture features. The excavation uncovered a detailed chronology, emphasizing craft workshops and a semicircular structural pattern. This research not only underscores the efficacy of geophysical methods in anticipating excavation content but also contributes significantly to the identification and understanding the organizational structures of Late Iron Age communities in the Banat region, a region still in its early stages of exploration.
A Framework for Product Life Cycle Management Based Digital Twin Implementation in the Aerospace Industry
Authors: Oksuz Gurdal Busra , Testik Ozlem Muge 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAs an emerging technology, digital twin (DT) studies are gaining momentum in both academia and industry. Specifically, the aerospace industry can benefit significantly from the implementation of DT technology since its products and processes are complex, technically challenging, and costly. DTs enable a comprehensive technology integration capacity and holistic approach in the product life cycle. However, for simplification, implementations of DT to processes in the aerospace industry are often handled independently without integration with other related processes. In this study, we propose a methodological framework to integrate different processes throughout the essential parts of aircraft's life cycle. In pursuit of creating a DT of the system for managing the life cycle of aircraft, all aspects and processes have been thoroughly examined. Ten main components for the management of DTs are identified. Statistical and stochastic approaches for enhancing the analytical capabilities of DTs are discussed. Within the scope of Product Life Cycle Management and from the perspective of Systems Engineering, we advocate creating the DT of an aircraft by combining the DTs for each component through a digital thread.
A precise targeting of Staphylococcus aureus with phage RBP‐decorated antibiotic‐loaded nanoparticles
Authors: Dokuz Senanur , Coksu Irem , Acar Serap , Ozbek Tulin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractResistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, which have emerged due to the excessive and indiscriminate use of antibiotics, have become one of the most significant causes of hospital‐acquired infections, highlighting the necessity for specific and effective alternative methods in combating them. Leveraging the therapeutic potential of bacteriophage receptor binding protein (RBP), which occurs unique and irreversible binding of its host, in recognizing bacteria renders them valuable components in the development of targeted nanoparticle‐based drug delivery systems, and offers promising approach to combat antibiotic resistance. In this study, synthesis and characterization of rifampicin‐loaded PLGA nanoparticle (RIF‐NP) were conducted and for selective targeting of S. aureus, rGp144, the RBP derived from Bacteriophage K, was conjugated onto the surface of the synthesized RIF‐NP (RIF144‐NP). While RIF‐NP initially exhibited approximately a zeta potential of −26 mV and a size of 250 nm, after the conjugation with rGp144 led to an increase in zeta potential to −11 mV and a size to 300 nm. FT‐IR analysis after conjugation confirmed the presence of primary amide bands in the regions of 1650 cm−1 and 1550 cm−1. Furthermore, the nanoparticles exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of 35.26% and a drug loading capacity of 26.64%. When the antimicrobial activities were evaluated, it was observed that compared to free RIF, the nano systems reduced the MIC value by twofold for all S. aureus strains. Incorporating a targeting strategy based on phage RBP in decoration to the surface of nanoparticular drug carriers represents a noteworthy and innovative treatment when combating bacterial infections.