bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences In Level Of Spiritual Well-Being Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Urban And Rural Areas
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto , Astuti Sri Lestari Dwi 
Published: August 2022

Background: Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) require a prolonged treatment time so that their condition can get worse. This incident is related chiefly to spiritual well-being disorders such as boredom and hopelessness, which results in decreased Diabetes management. The study aims to analyze differences in the spiritual well-being level of T2DM patients in urban and rural areas.
Methods: Quasi-experimental method with a two-group pre-post-test design without control was employed in this study. The population in the rural area were T2DM patients in Matesih Subdistrict, and the population in the urban area were members of the Persadia Ngringo unit whose. Samples were taken using purposive sampling, obtaining 120 people. Data were collected using the SWBS questionnaire made by Ellison and modified with a validity of 0.803 and reliability of 0.911. After the pretest was carried out, the respondents were given a pocketbook and lectures on how to maintain spiritual well-being. Then, a posttest was conducted, obtaining normality of 0.93, causing the data to be analyzed using a t-test.
Results: The spiritual well-being of people with T2DM in villages was 40% higher than those living in cities. The results of the t-test obtained a significant value of 0.04.
Conclusion: There are differences in the spiritual well-being of T2DM patients in urban and rural areas. Attention and support to the spiritual well-being of T2DM patients should be given to carry out diabetes management properly.
Investigation of Usability of Artificial Intelligence Semantic Video Processing Methods in Medicine
Authors: UCUZAL Hasan , KÜÇÜKAKÇALI Zeynep , GÜLDOĞAN Emek 
Published: August 2022

Aim: The goal of this study is to produce user-friendly software for healthcare professionals with various approaches such as detection, identification, classification, and tracking of polyps contained in endoscopic images utilizing appropriate video/image processing techniques and CNN architecture.
Material and Method: There were 345 photos in total in the study. These photographs are images depicting anatomical milestones, clinical findings, or gastrointestinal procedures in the digestive tract that have been documented and validated by medical specialists (skilled endoscopists). Each class has hundreds of images. The photos were downloaded from https://datasets.simula.no/kvasir, which is a free source for educational and research purposes. In the modeling phase, CNN and the Max-Margin object detection technique (MMOD), one of the deep neural network designs in the Dlib package, were employed. The data set was separated as 80% training and 20% test dataset using the simple cross-validation method (hold-out). Precision, recall, F1-score, average precision (AP), mean average precision (mAP), ideal localization recall precision (oLRP), mean optimal LRP (moLRP), and intersection over union (IoU) were used to evaluate model performance.
Results: When the previously described steps were performed on the open-access video image dataset of endoscopic polyps in the current study, all performance metrics examined in the training dataset received a value of 1, whereas, in the test dataset precision, sensitivity, F1-score, AP, mAP, oLRP, and moLRP were 98%, 90%, 94%, 89%, 89%, 48%, and 48% respectively.
Conclusion: The proposed approach was found to make accurate predictions in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal polyps based on the values of the calculated performance criteria.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO SISTEMA NERVOSO CENTRAL NO PROCESSO DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Aparecida Cerqueira Rodrigues Michele 
Published: August 2022

A neurociência se apresenta como campo científico, autonomamente, desde a década de setenta. Ela contribui para o aprofundamento de várias áreas, inclusive a aprendizagem. O objetivo deste artigo é lançar um olhar acerca do funcionamento cerebral durante o processo de aprendizagem para ajudar professores no desenvolvimento de atividades coerentes ao perfil do alunado atendido. O método PRISMA foi utilizado para estabelecer os parâmetros adequados para a pesquisa exploratória com cunho bibliográfico. Assim, 40% dos artigos se mostraram relevantes para meta análise. Constatou-se ser relevante utilizar estratégias em sala de aula que contribuam na liberação dos neurotransmissores causadores de bem-estar, proporcionando a motivação dos alunos e melhor retenção das informações apresentadas. Por isso, o conteúdo necessita de contextualização e diversificação de metodologias a fim de atingir a classe como um todo, focando na educação inclusiva.
A Probabilistic Autoencoder for Type Ia Supernova Spectral Time Series
Authors: Stein George , Seljak Uroš , Böhm Vanessa , Aldering G. , Antilogus P. , Aragon C. , Bailey S. , Baltay C. , Bongard S. , Boone K. , Buton C. , Copin Y. , Dixon S. , Fouchez D. , Gangler E. , Gupta R. , Hayden B. , Hillebrandt W. , Karmen M. , Kim A. G. , Kowalski M. , Küsters D. , Léget P.-F. , Mondon F. , Nordin J. , Pain R. , Pecontal E. , Pereira R. , Perlmutter S. , Ponder K. A. , Rabinowitz D. , Rigault M. , Rubin D. , Runge K. , Saunders C. , Smadja G. , Suzuki N. , Tao C. , Taubenberger S. , Thomas R. C. , Vincenzi M. ,   The Nearby Supernova Factory
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We construct a physically parameterized probabilistic autoencoder (PAE) to learn the intrinsic diversity of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from a sparse set of spectral time series. The PAE is a two-stage generative model, composed of an autoencoder that is interpreted probabilistically after training using a normalizing flow. We demonstrate that the PAE learns a low-dimensional latent space that captures the nonlinear range of features that exists within the population and can accurately model the spectral evolution of SNe Ia across the full range of wavelength and observation times directly from the data. By introducing a correlation penalty term and multistage training setup alongside our physically parameterized network, we show that intrinsic and extrinsic modes of variability can be separated during training, removing the need for the additional models to perform magnitude standardization. We then use our PAE in a number of downstream tasks on SNe Ia for increasingly precise cosmological analyses, including the automatic detection of SN outliers, the generation of samples consistent with the data distribution, and solving the inverse problem in the presence of noisy and incomplete data to constrain cosmological distance measurements. We find that the optimal number of intrinsic model parameters appears to be three, in line with previous studies, and show that we can standardize our test sample of SNe Ia with an rms of 0.091 ± 0.010 mag, which corresponds to 0.074 ± 0.010 mag if peculiar velocity contributions are removed. Trained models and codes are released at https://github.com/georgestein/suPAErnova.
Statistical Significance of Mission Parameters on the Deflection Efficiency of Kinetic Impacts: Applications for the Next-generation Kinetic Impactor
Authors: DeCoster Mallory E. , Rainey Emma S.G. , Rosch Thomas W. , Stickle Angela M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Understanding how to deflect an incoming asteroid is of great importance and a focus of research undertaken internationally by the planetary defense community. Deflection of an asteroid by a kinetic impactor is one such mitigation method that has a high degree of technological maturity. In 2022, NASA’s planetary defense mission, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), will provide the first full-scale technology demonstration of a kinetic impactor. However, the DART mission is just a single test of one kinetic impactor design, prompting the question: Is it possible to optimize the design of a kinetic impactor to make it the most efficient deflector that it can be? In this paper, we use high-fidelity hydrodynamic simulations to examine the effect of five mission parameters (impactor mass, impact velocity, impactor composition, impactor geometry, and target strength) on three observables related to deflection efficiency (crater morphology, ejecta distribution, and momentum transfer) resulting from kinetic impacts. We find that the most significant mission parameters for determining postimpact factors are the impact velocity, impactor mass, and target strength. The impactor geometry and impactor composition emerge as statistically nonsignificant. Overall, we find that the ogive impactor geometry results in the highest variance in predicting the momentum enhancement factor (β), and that generally, impactors with smaller volumes and flat leading edges (plates and rings) produce smaller craters and less ejecta mass compared to impactors with larger volumes and sharper leading edges (spheres, ogives, and cones).
The Effect of Nasal Irrigation on COVID-19 Patient’s Mild Symptoms of Respiratory Tract
Authors: Siregar Siti Masliana , Utami Ratih Yulistika 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus-2 (SARS CoV-2) is a virus that causes covid-19. The initial symptoms put forward by WHO since 2020 is fever accompanied by cough and shortness of breath. Currently, the loss of smell and taste, accompanied by other symptoms, tends to be a strong predictor of COVID-19. The nose is the entrance for air, that's why the nose has an important role in the breathing process. In addition to warming, humidifying, and filtering incoming air, the nose can also maintain respiratory tract homeostasis. The use of nasal irrigation with isotonic saline solution (NaCl 0.9%) is a way to improve mucociliary clearance function by activating cilia as an olfactory sensory system.

AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the effect of nasal irrigation to covid patients who has mild symptoms in the upper respiratory tract

METHODOLOGY: The purpose of this study was to see the effectiveness of nasal irrigation using 0.9% NaCl in COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms, by looking at the average duration of time complaints felt by patients compared to those without nasal irrigation intervention

RESULTS: This study found a significant difference (p-value = 0.000) between the control group and the intervention group where the mean duration of symptoms in the intervention group was shorter than the control group.

CONCLUSION: anosmia is a symptom in covid-19 which is almost always accompanied by symptoms of loss of taste, various theories on the cause of anosmia have been put forward since the covid-19 pandemic broke out. Improvements in symptom duration were found to be shorter in COVID-19 patients who performed nasal irrigation using 0.9% NaCl independently for 10 days so that in the future it is hoped that nasal irrigation will become part of the comprehensive management of COVID-19 patients who have mild symptoms, especially symptoms related to nasal and upper respiratory complaints.
Publier, éditer, éditorialiser
Authors: Puig Vincent 
Published: August 2022

La contribution des communautés d’amateurs est une constante historique dans des domaines tels que la généalogie, l’astronomie, la botanique… Mais cette activité, tout en prenant des dimensions considérables dans le champ de la fiction ( fanfiction.net ), cache en fait une grande variabilité des contributions depuis que celles-ci se confrontent directement à l’économie des données dans un rapport d’opposition, d’exploitation (souvent non consciente) ou plus rarement de collaboration. La contribution amateur peut aller, en contexte numérique, d’une simple production de traces de navigation, objet principal de l’économie des données et des réseaux sociaux, jusqu’à des formes d’édition/agrégation contributive (Wikipedia), d’éditorialisation et de commentaire (micro-critiques de films) ou de publication originale (blogs). Nous procéderons dans cet article à une analyse organologique 1 de ces productions en questionnant les fonctions sociotechniques de la contribution : annotation, indexation, catégorisation, visualisation, constitution de groupes et recommandation, éditorialisation en montrant comment ces fonctions s’articulent plus ou moins bien avec le traitement algorithmique des données. Enfin, nous proposerons des perspectives de développement de nouveaux formats herméneutiques s’inspirant de projets ayant précédé le web menacé de privatisation que nous connaissons aujourd’hui (Xanadu), ou s’approchant de certaines propositions actuelles du W3C (Open Annotation, Media Fragment) et favorisant in fine une re-décentralisation et une re-territorialisation de la publication numérique.
Indications and Outcomes for Extraocular Muscle Disinsertion in Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Thuma Tobin B. T. , Nelson Leonard B. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To describe a case series of extraocular muscle (EOM) disinsertions, discuss the indications for muscle disinsertion, and examine deviation outcomes.

Methods:
All consecutive patients who underwent EOM disinsertion by one surgeon from 2013 to 2021 were included in the study. Age, sex, best corrected visual acuity, diagnosis, preoperative deviation, postoperative deviation, and follow-up interval were recorded.

Results:
Twelve patients (13 eyes) underwent EOM disinsertion. Ten were men and two were women. Eight eyes had an abducens nerve (cranial nerve 6) palsy, four had thyroid eye disease, and one had an oculomotor nerve palsy (cranial nerve 3). Preoperatively, the average age was 57.7 years, best corrected visual acuity was 0.24 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) in the right eye and 0.35 logMAR in the left eye, and deviation was 56.4 prism diopters (PD). The average postoperative residual deviation was 5.3 PD with an average follow-up time of 290 days. Four patients underwent reoperation, one of whom underwent a third surgery.

Conclusions:
EOM disinsertion is an effective treatment in certain specific strabismus conditions. Patients who may benefit are those with a severe cranial nerve 6 palsy who cannot abduct the eye even to the midline and those with thyroid eye disease whose EOMs are so tight intraoperatively that even a small hook cannot be easily passed under the operative muscle adequately to perform a large recession technique.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2023;60(4):253–256.]
Factors Affecting the Perception of Strabismus Among Pediatric Ophthalmologists
Authors: Ramirez Maria Katrina , Bello Nicholas R. , Schnall Bruce M. , Zhang Qiang (Ed) , Sharpe James , Gunton Kammi B. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To define potential factors that influence the perceived urgency of strabismus surgery with a specific focus on the contributions of gender, degree of strabismus, and direction of strabismus.

Methods:
An electronic survey was sent to members of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS). Respondents provided demographic information and ranked eight photographs of adults digitally altered to create varying degrees of strabismus according to perceived urgency for surgery.

Results:
Pediatric ophthalmologists ranked deviations of increasing size with increasing treatment urgency. Men were perceived with higher urgency for treatment compared to women in the smaller angles of strabismus. No consistent preference for type of deviation was found.

Conclusions:
The gender of the patient and the amount of misalignment may influence the urgency of surgical management among strabismus surgeons.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2023;60(4):257–262.]
Comparison of Dichoptic Therapy Versus Occlusion Therapy in Children With Anisometropic Amblyopia: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Roy Shayeri , Saxena Rohit , Dhiman Rebika , Phuljhele Swati , Sharma Pradeep 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To compare a smartphone-based dichoptic video game with occlusion therapy in children with anisometropic amblyopia.

Methods:
In this prospective, randomized, interventional study, 55 children aged 5 to 15 years with anisometropic amblyopia were randomized into two groups: the video game group (n = 27) played a dichoptic video game with adjusted contrast for 2 hours/day and the patching group (n = 28) received occlusion therapy of the non-amblyopic eye for 6 hours/day. All patients were evaluated for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), near vision, contrast sensitivity, and near and distance stereoacuity at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 months.

Results:

Mean distance BCVA improved from 0.74 ± 0.19 and 0.70 ± 0.18 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) in the video game and patching groups, respectively, at baseline to 0.53 ± 0.19 and 0.49 ± 0.19 logMAR, respectively, at 3 months (
P
< .001 for both). Mean near vision was 0.82 ± 0.19 and 0.81 ± 0.17 logMAR in the video game and patching groups, respectively, at baseline and improved to 0.60 ± 0.16 and 0.63 ± 0.17 logMAR at 3 months (
P
< .001 for both). There was no significant difference in distance and near vision between the two groups at baseline and final follow-up visit. Contrast sensitivity was 1.41 ± 0.20 and 1.38 ± 0.20 in the video game and patching groups, respectively, at baseline and 1.74 ± 0.18 and 1.61 ± 0.21 at 3 months (
P
< .001 for both). At the final follow-up visit, contrast sensitivity was significantly better in the video game group compared to the patching group (
P
= .01). Near stereoacuity significantly improved only in the video game group (
P
= .006), whereas distance stereoacuity did not improve in either group.

Conclusions:
Dichoptic video game therapy showed better results in terms of improvement in contrast sensitivity and near stereoacuity and similar outcomes for distance and near vision when compared to patching in children with anisometropic amblyopia. However, the availability of interesting games is essential to maintain children's interest.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2023;60(3):210–217.]
Field tests of candidate pheromone blends show promise for mating disruption of the invasive swede midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Authors: Hodgdon Elisabeth A. , Hallett Rebecca H. , Heal James D. , Stratton Chase A. , Hoepting Christine A. , Chen Yolanda H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii (Kieffer) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), causes severe economic losses in Brassica Linnaeus (Brassicaceae) crops in its invasive range in North America. Larvae feed within the meristem of their host plants, causing deformed heads, stems, and leaves. Pheromone-mediated mating disruption is particularly promising for swede midge management in high-value vegetable crops because its use is allowed in organic production. However, a major challenge to developing economically viable mating disruption is that the stereospecific three-component swede midge pheromone is costly to synthesise. In broccoli (Brassica oleracea Linnaeus var. italica) field plots, we tested whether stereospecific, lower-cost racemic, and single-component pheromone blends resulted in trap shutdown and reduced crop damage compared to nontreated controls. We found a significant reduction in males caught in three-component stereospecific and racemic pheromone–treated plots but not in the single-component treatments. Although marketable broccoli yields were not higher overall in the pheromone-treated plots compared with those in the controls, yields were significantly higher in the three-component stereospecific treatment in year 2. Therefore, the three-component stereospecific blend shows promise as a pheromone blend for swede midge mating disruption. However, due to high cost and levels of crop damage across all treatments, additional research is necessary to optimise swede midge mating disruption.
Assessment of the Aphodius fimetarius–Aphodius pedellus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) species complex in Canada
Authors: Floate Kevin D. , Wilches Diana , Coghlin Paul , Smith Andrew B.T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aphodius fimetarius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae: Aphodiini) sensu lato is a taxon of probable European origin common in cattle dung across North America. This species has recently been recognised as a species complex composed of A. fimetarius and Aphodius pedellus (De Geer, 1774), with overlapping distributions in North America. A previous report that only A. pedellus is present in Canada was based on examination of specimens almost solely from the United States of America. In the present study, we examined the morphology of specimens (n = 2091) from localities across Canada. In combination with DNA barcoding, our results confirm that only A. pedellus is present in Canada. Results of similarity analysis confirm reduced genetic diversity among North American specimens of A. pedellus, consistent with the hypothesis that this species was introduced onto the continent during European settlement.
Effect of Kahoot game based versus nongame based on learning achievements and anxiety among nursing students
Authors: Abd El-Aziz Mohamed Heba N. , Saleh Nadia M.H. , El-Gilany Abdel-Hady , Alam Raefa R. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Kahoot! is a free game-based learning platform that may be used to review students’ knowledge, for formative assessment or as a respite from traditional classroom activities.

Aim
To determine the effect of Kahoot game-based versus nongame-based on learning achievements and anxiety among nursing students.

Patients and methods
A quasi-experimental research design was done on 119 nursing students at the Technical Institute of Nursing in Sherbin city, Dakahlia Governorate, affiliated to the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.

Tools
For data collection, four tools were used: Nursing Students’ Demographic Data Questionnaire, Knowledge of Nursing Students about Theoretical Part, Students’ Satisfaction with Kahoot Game, and Test Anxiety Tool.

Results
After application of the kahoot game, students in the Kahoot game-based group had a higher total mean score of learning achievements and a lower total mean score of anxiety level than students in the nongame-based group, with significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusions
Kahoot game improves learning achievements, and decreases the level of anxiety among students in game-based group than nongame-based group.

Recommendations
The Kahoot game is a useful learning platform that allows nursing students to improve their academic learning performance and demonstrating a low level of test anxiety.
Effect of pre-cesarean section instruction on postpartum maternal–newborn attachment behavior
Authors: Mohamed Soad A.E. , Kader Shadia A. , Azzam Hanan F. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Attachment is a pattern of interaction and communication established and developed between the mother and the newborn after birth. As it is important for the growth of mentally and physically healthy individuals, it develops during pregnancy and continues after birth. The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of pre-cesarean section (CS) instruction on post-cesarean maternal–newborn attachment behaviors.

Design
A quasi-experimental (posttest only) design was adopted for the current study. Sample: a purposive sample of 130 post-CS women was recruited and randomly assignment to study and control groups (65 women each).

Tools
A structured interview questionnaire and postpartum maternal-newborn attachment behavior observational tools were used to collect data.

Results
There were highly statistically significant differences between study and control groups regarding the mean total attachment score (86.32±23.02 vs. 70.05±26.44 in the study and control group, respectively; P=0.001). Moreover, there were statistically significant differences between both groups regarding the mean scores of emotional, keeping close, caring behaviors, and time of initiation of breastfeeding after CS (P=0.001).

Conclusion
Providing mothers with the necessary bonding instructions before delivery had a significant effect on post-CS maternal–newborn attachment behaviors.

Recommendations
Conducting educational programs for all women about promoting postpartum maternal–newborn attachment behaviors should be a part of prenatal care.