bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review: Precision Medicine Approaches for Genetic Cardiomyopathy: Targeting Phospholamban R14del
Authors: Deiman Frederik E. , Bomer Nils , van der Meer Peter , Grote Beverborg Niels 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewHeart failure is a syndrome with poor prognosis and no curative options for the majority of patients. The standard one-size-fits-all-treatment approach, targeting neurohormonal dysregulations, helps to modulate symptoms of heart failure, but fails to address the cause of the problem. Precision medicine aims to go beyond symptom modulation and targets pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie disease. In this review, an overview of how precision medicine can be approached as a treatment strategy for genetic heart disease will be discussed. PLN R14del, a genetic mutation known to cause cardiomyopathy, will be used as an example to describe the potential and pitfalls of precision medicine.Recent FindingsPLN R14del is characterized by several disease hallmarks including calcium dysregulation, metabolic dysfunction, and protein aggregation. The identification of disease-related biological pathways and the effective targeting using several modalities, including gene silencing and signal transduction modulation, may eventually provide novel treatments for genetic heart disease.SummaryWe propose a workflow on how to approach precision medicine in heart disease. This workflow focuses on deep phenotyping of patient derived material, including in vitro disease modeling. This will allow identification of therapeutic targets and disease modifiers, to be used for the identification of novel biomarkers and the development of precision medicine approaches for genetic cardiomyopathies.
Running with Scissors: a Systematic Review of Substance Use and the Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Care Continuum Among Sexual Minority Men
Authors: Viamonte Michael , Ghanooni Delaram , Reynolds John M. , Grov Christian , Carrico Adam W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewPatterns of sexualized drug use, including stimulants (e.g., methamphetamine) and chemsex drugs, are key drivers of HIV incidence among sexual minority men (SMM). Although pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) mitigates HIV risk, there is no consensus regarding the associations of substance use with the PrEP care continuum.Recent FindingsSMM who use substances are as likely or more likely to use PrEP. Although SMM who use stimulants experience greater difficulties with daily oral PrEP adherence, some evidence shows that SMM who use stimulants or chemsex drugs may achieve better adherence in the context of recent condomless anal sex. Finally, SMM who use substances may experience greater difficulties with PrEP persistence (including retention in PrEP care).SummarySMM who use stimulants and other substances would benefit from more comprehensive efforts to support PrEP re-uptake, adherence, and persistence, including delivering behavioral interventions, considering event-based dosing, and providing injectable PrEP.
Sex Work Policy Worldwide: A Scoping Review
Authors: Karlsson Henrik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractResearchers have conducted a lot of research into policies regulating commercial sex. This study is a scoping review aiming to characterize the research field as well as finding research gaps and suggest directions for future research. Nine electronic databases and a key journal (Sexuality Research and Social Policy) were searched using Boolean operators to identify studies containing “prostitution AND policy” or “sex work AND policy” in the title and/or abstract. A total of 3663 studies were identified, and of them, 351 were deemed eligible after duplicates were removed and the title and abstract had been assessed according to the study’s inclusion criteria. The studies on sex work policy were often conducted in English-speaking countries, the majority of which were about streetwalkers, criminalization of sex work, and trafficking policies. Interestingly, few empirical studies were conducted and stigmatization was frequently mentioned. There is an unmet need for studies addressing the lived experiences of sex workers under the Swedish Model, as well as studies about migrant sex workers and studies from Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Researchers should direct additional efforts into understanding the lived experiences of sex workers under the Swedish Model as well as into studies covering Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
Challenges in detecting proximal effects of existential threat on lie detection accuracy
Authors: Schindler Simon , Reinhardt Nina , Reinhard Marc-André 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present work documents our investigation of proximal (i.e., immediate) effects of existential threat on the process of lie detection. Specifically, we hypothesized that lie detection accuracy will be higher in a mortality salience (MS) condition compared with the control condition. In two lab-based studies (N = 120; N = 109) and one internet study (N = 1294), we did not find any evidence for this hypothesis, that is, MS effects on lie detection accuracy were constantly not significant. However, these null findings should not be overstated. Instead, the present contribution aims to reveal the theoretical and methodological challenges in properly testing proximal MS effects on lie detection accuracy. First, we make transparent that our theoretical assumptions regarding the underlying mechanisms changed during the research process from MS-induced vigilance (Studies 1 and 2) to MS-induced negative affect (Study 3) and remain speculative. Moreover, we show how and why we adapted the operationalization from study to study to optimize adequate testing of the idea. In sum, this work aims to be informative for conducting future research rather than to provide conclusive evidence against or in favor of the investigated idea.
Arsenic removal using calcium hydroxyapatite synthesized from paper mill sludge
Authors: Keerthana Devi P. , Geethakarthi A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCalcium hydroxyapatite (Ca-HAp) was synthesized from calcium carbonate (CaCO3) extracted from a paper mill sludge. The extraction of CaCO3 was carried out by chemical precipitation process and synthesized to HAp nanoparticle under appropriate stoichiometric condition through wet chemical precipitation process. The size of the HAp nanoparticle was 42.5 nm under an optimized aging period of 24 h. This work aims in the batch adsorption of arsenic, an anionic metal arsenic in the form of Arsenite: As(III) on the synthesized Ca-HAp in laboratory scale. Batch kinetics studies were conducted for varying operational parameters such as temperature, initial adsorbate concentration, dye solution pH and rotation speed (RPM). In comparison with the two suggested isotherm models, Langmuir isotherm was suited to this adsorption process with a correlation coefficient of 0.92 and isotherm constant as 1.18 (KL). Chemisorption was found to be the rate-limiting mechanism for the sorption of arsenite onto Ca-HAp and thus followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. A maximum monolayer adsorption of 0.43 mg/g of arsenic was obtained at an equilibrium time of 60 min with 93% to 94.2% removal efficiency.
Can sampling techniques improve the performance of decomposition-based hydrological prediction models? Exploration of some comparative experiments
Authors: He Miao , Wu Shao-fei , Kang Chuan-xiong , Xu Xian , Liu Xiao-feng , Tang Ming , Huang Bin-bin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of sequence decomposition techniques in recent years has facilitated the wide use of decomposition-based prediction models in hydrological forecasting. However, decomposition-based prediction models usually use the overall decomposition (OD) sampling technique to extract samples. Some studies have shown that the OD sampling technique causes abnormally “high” performance of models owing to the utilization of future information, and this technique cannot be applied in practice. Several researchers have also proposed novel sampling techniques, such as semi-stepwise decomposition (SSD), fully stepwise decomposition (FSD), and single-model SSD (SMSSD). Moreover, an improved single-model FSD (SMFSD) sampling technique is proposed in this study. Four decomposition methods, namely discrete wavelet transform (DWT), empirical mode decomposition (EMD), complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), and variational mode decomposition (VMD), are introduced in this study. A systematic investigation of the models developed using OD sampling techniques is conducted, and the applicability of SSD, FSD, SMSSD, and SMFSD sampling techniques is reasonably evaluated. The application of monthly runoff prediction using the five sampling techniques and four decomposition methods at five representative hydrological stations in Poyang Lake, China, shows that (1) EMD and CEEMDAN (including the improved EMD-based adaptive decomposition method) cannot be used to construct stepwise decomposition prediction models because the implementation of the stepwise decomposition strategy leads to a variable number of sub-series. (2) OD sampling techniques cannot develop convincing models for practical prediction because future information is introduced into the samples for model training. (3) Models developed based on SSD and SMSSD sampling techniques do not use future information in the training process, but suffer from severe overfitting and inferior prediction performance. (4) Models developed based on FSD and SMFSD sampling techniques can produce convincing prediction results, and the combination of the proposed SMFSD sampling technique and VMD develops prediction models with superior performance and significantly enhances the efficiency of the models.
Estimating discharge coefficient of side weirs in trapezoidal and rectangular flumes using outlier robust extreme learning machine
Authors: Razmi Mohammadmehdi , Saneie Mojtaba , Basirat Shamsa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing the outlier robust extreme learning machine (ORELM) method, the discharge coefficient of side weirs placed on rectangular and trapezoidal canals was simulated for the first time in this study. The parameters governing the discharge coefficient of side weirs including Froude number (Fr), the ratio of the weir length to the main channel length (L/b), the ratio of the flow depth at the upstream of the side weir to the main channel width (y1/b) and the ratio of the crest height of the side weir to the flow depth at the upstream of the side weir (W/y1), the ratio of the weir length to the main channel width (L/y1), and the side wall slope parameter (m) were initially detected. Using the parameters governing, eight different input combinations were defined. By randomly selection approach, 65% of the data were considered to train the ORELM models and the rest of samples were applied to test them. The correlation coefficient, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient, and Scatter Index for this model were calculated to be 0.937, 0.869 and 0.092, respectively. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated the ORELM model was more sensitive to the W/y1 and L/b than Fr and y1/b. The results of the ORELM model were also compared with the support vector machine optimized with genetic algorithm (SVM-GA) and extreme learning machine (ELM)) and four multiple linear regression models, with a better performance of the ORELM model. The ORELM models demonstrated a higher precision and correlation with experimental values.
Investigation of meteorological variables on runoff archetypal using SWAT: basic concepts and fundamentals
Authors: Ostad-Ali-Askari Kaveh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHydro-climatic excesses, for example humid and overflows, have most probable enlarged owing to climatically alteration and could due to simple effects on socio-financial, organizational and ecological areas. It was premeditated greatest hydraulic plans, for example barricades, it was distinct the excess of the streams. If the stream presences any situation to quantity the profit, the hydraulic mockups can be used to guesstimate it. SWAT is widely-used high-tech mockups. This investigation contemplates the understanding of the excess approximation for streams, by the SWAT prototypical; depend on changes in such meteorological parameters as rainfall, cosmological energy, airstream, moisture and temperature. The gained significances require that by 30.46% decay in the normal scheduled rainfall, brightness, qualified moisture, airstream and temperature, it was usual ermined 64.73% decay, 115.14% rise, 45.99% decrease, 126.58% rise and 40.15% rise in exhibited excess, independently. The wind speed and the solar energy are the most sensitive and temperature is the smallest penetrating parameters in the overflow approximation. These consequences signify “acceptable” and “very good” performances for discharge. While there is still some quantity of ambiguity, the practice of balancing information, for example soil dampness, to adjust and confirm the SWAT model package prototypical is beneficial, particularly when discharge information is infrequent, as for some watersheds in the humid region. Evaluation of the water usage efficacy is the important to efficiently accomplish agronomic water resource.
Seismic interpretation and hydrocarbon assessment of the post-rift Cenomanian Bahariya reservoir, Beni Suef Basin, Egypt
Authors: Shehata Amer A. , Sarhan Mohammad A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe geophysical interpretations for a collection of high-quality 2D seismic data plus well logging data for six drilled wells exposed the structural controls and the hydrocarbon potentiality of the Beni Suef Basin, north Western Desert, Egypt. The created structural map on the top of the Early Cenomanian Bahariya Formation (the significant oil reserve in north Western Desert), exhibits a series of NW–SE normal faults as well as a master ENE strike-slip major fault. The extensional faults formed horst structures while the strike-slip fault created a negative flower structure in the central part of the study area. These structural features represent the main petroleum traps within Beni Suef Basin. The reservoir quality was assessed through the petrophysical analysis of the Bahariya Formation in wells; Azhar A2, Azhar E-2X, Azhar E3, Yusif-4X, Fayoum-2X and Beni Suef W-1X. This analysis proved that the Lower Bahariya unit has better reservoir quality than the Upper Bahariya reservoir, with shale volume less than 10%; effective porosity between 10 and 20%, water saturation between 25 and 75% and total pay thickness between 11 and 88 ft. The obtained results encourage drilling more exploratory wells in Beni Suef Basin to enhance the productivity from the sandstones of the Lower Bahariya reservoir.
Remdesivir-induced bradycardia in a 26-year-old patient with COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Guziejko Katarzyna , Talalaj Jaroslaw , Chorazy Monika , Groth Monika , Moniuszko-Malinowska Anna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Remdesivir is the first line hospital treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite its widespread use during COVID-19 pandemic, a limited number of data, also conflicting, are available about the frequency of cardiological side-effects. Additionally, identification of patients who belong to the risk groups for cardiovascular complications of antiviral treatment is difficult.

Case description
Case description We present a case of a 26 year old patient, a soldier with COVID-19 and no comorbidities, who developed marked sinus bradycardia during remdesivir therapy. The bradycardia resolved few days after the end of antiviral treatment.

Conclusion
Our case emphasizes the key importance of the correct monitoring of patients receiving remdesivir, even those who do not have pre-existing heart conditions.
“The Disease Awareness Innovation Network” for chronic kidney disease identification in general practice
Authors: Pesce Francesco , Pasculli Domenico , Pasculli Giuseppe , De Nicola Luca , Cozzolino Mario , Granata Antonio , Gesualdo Loreto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The “awareness gap” and the under-recognition of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by general practitioners (GPs) is well documented. We set a framework to evaluate the impact in primary care of targeted training and networking with nephrologists with regard to CKD awareness in terms of potential increase of the proportion of patients classified according to KDIGO in the general population and in patients with diabetes, hypertension and heart failure.

Methods
Data were extracted from the Millewin Digital Platform in use by the GPs (N = 17) at baseline (T0, N = 17,854) and after 6 months (T6, N = 18,662) of networking (education, instant messaging and selected joint visits) with nephrologists (N = 2). The following variables were extracted: age, sex, eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate), ACR (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio), presence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and heart failure. The proportion of patients detected having an eGFR below 60 mL/min/1.73m2 was also reported as deemed clinically relevant.

Results
We observed an increase in the use of ACR and eGFR tests in the entire cohort (+ 121% and + 73%, respectively) and in patients with comorbidities. The proportion of patients with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 significantly increased from 2.2% to 3.8% in the entire cohort, from 6.3% to 12.7% in patients with diabetes, and from 5.6% to 9.9% in those with hypertension and finally from 10.8% to 23.7% in patients with heart failure.

Conclusions
Training and network support to GPs by nephrologists can improve CKD awareness and increase its identification in the general population and, even more, in categories at risk.

Graphical abstract
MXene-Graphene Composites: A Perspective on Biomedical Potentials
Authors: Mostafavi Ebrahim , Iravani Siavash 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMXenes, transition metal carbides and nitrides with graphene-like structures, have received considerable attention since their first discovery. On the other hand, Graphene has been extensively used in biomedical and medicinal applications. MXene and graphene, both as promising candidates of two-dimensional materials, have shown to possess high potential in future biomedical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties such as superior electrical conductivity, high biocompatibility, large surface area, optical and magnetic features, and extraordinary thermal and mechanical properties. These special structural, functional, and biological characteristics suggest that the hybrid/composite structure of MXene and graphene would be able to meet many unmet needs in different fields; particularly in medicine and biomedical engineering, where high-performance mechanical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, and optical requirements are necessary. However, the hybridization and surface functionalization should be further explored to obtain biocompatible composites/platforms with unique physicochemical properties, high stability, and multifunctionality. In addition, toxicological and long-term biosafety assessments and clinical translation evaluations should be given high priority in research. Although very limited studies have revealed the excellent potentials of MXene/graphene in biomedicine, the next steps should be toward the extensive research and detailed analysis in optimizing the properties and improving their functionality with a clinical and industrial outlook. Herein, different synthesis/fabrication methods and performances of MXene/graphene composites are discussed for potential biomedical applications. The potential toxicological effects of these composites on human cells and tissues are also covered, and future perspectives toward more successful translational applications are presented. The current state-of-the-art biotechnological advances in the use of MXene-Graphene composites, as well as their developmental challenges and future prospects are also deliberated. Due to the superior properties and multifunctionality of MXene-graphene composites, these hybrid structures can open up considerable new horizons in future of healthcare and medicine.
Time evolution of plasma parameters in the jet of a low-power vacuum arc thruster
Authors: Michaux Etienne , Mazouffre Stéphane , Blanchet Antoine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe plasma parameters temporal evolution of a 30 W-class Vacuum Arc Thruster equipped with a Ni-Cr cathode is examined in the far-field region of the plasma jet. Measurements have been performed 20 cm downstream of the arc region where the plasma is created. The thruster operated at 1 Hz with 25 μs duration current pulses. The maximum current intensity reaches 4000 A about 8 μs after the discharge ignition. The change in the electron density, electron temperature and plasma potential during the short high-current pulse has been obtained by means of time-resolved Langmuir probe measurements. A time-of-flight technique based on a planar probe has been used to determine the mean ion velocity in the plasma jet. In addition, a Faraday cup allowed the determination of the ion current density. The electron density peaks at ∼ 8×1017 m−3 at 12 μs. The electron temperature is above 25 eV at 7 μs and then it stabilizes around 5 eV. Several ion populations are identified. The lowest ion mean velocity amounts to 20 km/s. Interestingly, combining all data allows to assess the ion mean electrical charge and its temporal behavior. The mean charge reaches 12 a few μs after ignition. It decays quickly afterwards and stays unchanged at 2 beyond 10 μs. Analysis of all the results support the idea of two distinct plasma discharge regimes.
Fibonacci spirals may not need the Golden Angle
Authors: Yin Xiaofeng , Tsukaya Hirokazu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Phyllotaxis, the regular arrangement of plant lateral organs, is an important aspect of quantitative plant biology. Some models relying on the geometric relationship of the shoot apex and organ primordia focus mainly on spiral phyllotaxis, a common phyllotaxis mode. While these models often predict the dependency of Fibonacci spirals on the Golden Angle, other models do not emphasise such a relation. Phyllotactic patterning in Asteraceae is one such example. Recently, it was revealed that auxin dynamics and the expansion and contraction of the active ring of the capitulum (head) are the key processes to guide Fibonacci spirals in gerbera (Gerbera hybrida). In this Insights paper, we discuss the importance of auxin dynamics, distinct phases of phyllotactic patterning, and the transition of phyllotaxis modes. These findings signify the local interaction among primordia in phyllotactic patterning and the notion that Fibonacci spirals may not need the Golden Angle.
US Anti-Dumping Practices Evolving against Market Economies
Authors: Kim Kyounghwa , Roh Jaeyoun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines how US discretionary practices developed in the past decade have affected antidumping duty rates against exporters. Using the most recent data on dumping margin calculations, we find that the US Department of Commerce (DOC) has developed discretionary practices in a more nuanced manner to inflate dumping margins, which have primarily targeted market economy exporters. Our case studies document that practices known as targeted dumping and particular market situations appear to serve as trade protectionism for market economy exporters, especially those who could otherwise have received a negative determination without such practices. Furthermore, the DOC has brought an apparent change in its application of discretionary practices after the Trade Extension Preferences Act of 2015, leading to much higher dumping margins for the market economy. Along with empirical and case analyses, we further examine the World Trade Organization (WTO) jurisprudence concerning the extent to which the discretion of an investigating authority in anti-dumping proceedings can be condoned in the WTO.