bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Potency and Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies After a Third mRNA Vaccine Dose
Authors: Muecksch Frauke , Wang Zijun , Cho Alice , Gaebler Christian , Tanfous Tarek Ben , DaSilva Justin , Bednarski Eva , Ramos Victor , Zong Shuai , Johnson Brianna , Raspe Raphael , Schaefer-Babajew Dennis , Shimeliovich Irina , Daga Mridushi , Yao Kai-Hui , Schmidt Fabian , Millard Katrina G. , Turroja Martina , Jankovic Mila , Oliveria Thiago Y. , Gazumyan Anna , Caskey Marina , Hatziioannou Theodora , Bieniasz Paul D. , Nussenzweig Michel C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infected very large numbers of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated and convalescent individuals1–3. The penetrance of this variant in the antigen experienced human population can be explained in part by the relatively low levels of plasma neutralizing activity against Omicron in people who were infected or vaccinated with the original Wuhan-Hu-1 strain4–7. The 3rd mRNA vaccine dose produces an initial increase in circulating anti-Omicron neutralizing antibodies, but titers remain 10-20-fold lower than against Wuhan-Hu-1 and are, in many cases, insufficient to prevent infection7. Despite the reduced protection from infection, individuals that received 3 doses of an mRNA vaccine were highly protected from the more serious consequences of infection8. Here we examine the memory B cell repertoire in a longitudinal cohort of individuals receiving 3 mRNA vaccine doses9,10. We find that the 3rd dose is accompanied by an increase in, and evolution of, anti-receptor binding domain specific memory B cells. The increase is due to expansion of memory B cell clones that were present after the 2nd vaccine dose as well as the emergence of new clones. The antibodies encoded by these cells showed significantly increased potency and breadth when compared to antibodies obtained after the 2nd vaccine dose. Notably, the increase in potency was especially evident among newly developing clones of memory cells that differed from the persisting clones in targeting more conserved regions of the RBD. Overall, more than 50% of the analyzed neutralizing antibodies in the memory compartment obtained from individuals receiving a 3rd mRNA vaccine dose neutralized Omicron. Thus, individuals receiving 3 doses of an mRNA vaccine encoding Wuhan-Hu-1, have a diverse memory B cell repertoire that can respond rapidly and produce antibodies capable of clearing even diversified variants such as Omicron. These data help explain why a 3rd dose of an mRNA vaccine that was not specifically designed to protect against variants is effective against variant-induced serious disease.
Remodeling of human colon plasma cell repertoire in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Scheid Johannes F. , Eraslan Basak , Hudak Andrew , Brown Eric , Sergio Dallis , Delorey Toni , Phillips Devan , Lefkovith Ariel , Jess Alison T. , Duck Lennard W. , Elson Charles O. , Vlamakis Hera , Deguine Jacques , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin , Graham Daniel B. , Regev Aviv , Xavier Ramnik J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPlasma cells (PCs) constitute a significant fraction of cells in colonic mucosa and contribute to inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrates in ulcerative colitis (UC). While gut PCs secrete 3-5 g of immunoglobulins daily, including IgA antibodies that target colitogenic bacteria, their role in UC is not known. Here, we combined B cell sorting with single-cell VDJ- and RNA-seq and monoclonal antibody (mAb) testing to characterize the colonic PC repertoire in healthy individuals and patients with UC. We show that a large fraction of B cell clones is shared between different colon regions and that inflammation in UC disrupts this landscape, causing clonal expansion and isotype skewing from IgA1 and IgA2 to IgG1. mAbs produced from expanded PC clones show low polyreactivity and autoreactivity and target specific bacterial strains. Expression profiles of individual PCs from inflamed and non-inflamed colon regions indicate that inflammation is associated with up-regulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and antigen presentation genes. Together, our results characterize the microbiome-specific PC response in the colon, its disruption in UC and how PCs might contribute to inflammation in UC.
A cell design for correlative hard X-ray nanoprobe and electron microscopy studies of catalysts under in situ conditions
Authors: Parker Julia E. , Gomez-Gonzalez Miguel , Van Lishout Yolanda , Islam Husn , Duran Martin Desiree , Ozkaya Dogan , Quinn Paul D. , Schuster Manfred E. 
Published: February 2022

To improve the understanding of catalysts, and ultimately the ability to design better materials, it is crucial to study them during their catalytic active states. Using in situ or operando conditions allows insights into structure–property relationships, which might not be observable by ex situ characterization. Spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy are powerful tools to determine structural and electronic properties, and the spatial resolutions now achievable at hard X-ray nanoprobe beamlines make them an ideal complement to high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies in a multi-length-scale analysis approach. The development of a system to enable the use of a commercially available gas-cell chip assembly within an X-ray nanoprobe beamline is reported here. The novel in situ capability is demonstrated by an investigation of the redox behaviour of supported Pt nanoparticles on ceria under typical lean and rich diesel-exhaust conditions; however, the system has broader application to a wide range of solid–gas reactions. In addition the setup allows complimentary in situ transmission electron microscopy and X-ray nanoprobe studies under identical conditions, with the major advantage compared with other systems that the exact same cell can be used and easily transferred between instruments. This offers the exciting possibility of studying the same particles under identical conditions (gas flow, pressure, temperature) using multiple techniques.
Has bank credit really impacted agricultural productivity in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community?
Authors: Ngong Chi Aloysius , Onyejiaku Chinyere , Fonchamnyo Dobdinga Cletus , Onwumere Josaphat Uchechukwu Joe 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis paper investigates the impact of bank credit on agricultural productivity in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) from 1990 to 2019. Studies’ results on the impact of bank credit on agricultural productivity are not conclusive. The studies demonstrate diverse outcomes which are debatable. The results are conflicting.Design/methodology/approachAgricultural value added (AGRVA) to the gross domestic product (GDP) proxies agricultural productivity while domestic credit to the private sector by banks (DCPSB), broad money supply, land, inflation (INF), physical capital (PHKAP) and labour supply are explanatory variables. The autoregressive distributed lag technique is utilized.FindingsThe co-integration test results show a long-run co-integration among the variables. The findings disclose that DCPSB, land and PHKAP impact positively on the AGRVA. Broad money supply, INF and labour impact negatively on the AGRVA to the GDP.Research limitations/implicationsThe results suggest that the CEMAC governments should encourage effective ways to increase bank credit flow to private enterprises in the agricultural sector through efficient bank's intermediation.Practical implicationsThe governments should create more agricultural banks and improve the operation of existing ones to ensure direct credit to agricultural activities. The Bank of Central African Economic and Monetary Community should apply aggressive policy which eliminates all the bottlenecks undermining credit flow to the private sector in mutualism with agricultural productivity.Social implicationsThe commercial banks should give more credit to private sector to mutually benefit the agricultural sector and the banking sector. The governments of the CEMAC economies should expand funding into the capital market which considerably boosts agricultural productivity.Originality/valueStudies’ results on the impact of bank credit on agricultural productivity are not conclusive. The studies demonstrate diverse outcomes which are debatable. The results are conflicting; some reveal positive impacts, some show negative impacts and others indicate U-shape behaviour. Hence, research is required to fill the lacuna.
A semantic model to publish open source software on the web of data
Authors: Mosharraf Maedeh 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to propose a semantic model for describing open source software (OSS) in a machine–human understandable format. The model is extracted to support source code reusing and revising as the two primary targets of OSS through a systematic review of related documents.Design/methodology/approachConducting a systematic review, all the software reusing criteria are identified and introduced to the web of data by an ontology for OSS (O4OSS). The software semantic model introduced in this paper explores OSS through triple expressions in which the O4OSS properties are predicates.FindingsThis model improves the quality of web data by describing software in a structured machine–human readable profile, which is linked to the related data that was previously published on the web. Evaluating the OSS semantic model is accomplished through comparing it with previous approaches, comparing the software structured metadata with profile index of software in some well-known repositories, calculating the software retrieval rank and surveying domain experts.Originality/valueConsidering context-specific information and authority levels, the proposed software model would be applicable to any open and close software. Using this model to publish software provides an infrastructure of connected meaningful data and helps developers overcome some specific challenges. By navigating software data, many questions which can be answered only through reading multiple documents can be automatically responded on the web of data.
Factors affecting the smallholder farmers' participation in the emerging modern supply chain in developing countries
Authors: KC Diwakar , Roberts Robin E. , Quach Sara 
Published: February 2022

PurposeDespite the availability of new buyers and the possibility to receive higher prices, still large numbers of smallholder farmers do not participate in the modern supply chains. This study aims to understand the factors that affect smallholder farmers' participation in a newly emerging modern supply chain context.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 6 focus groups of farmers (67 farmers in total) and 14 interviews with market actors and key informants such as government officials and donor organisations.FindingsInfluential factors of farmers' participation in the modern chain include buyer attributes and transaction conditions. High prices and prompt payment are the key motivators, with the main inhibitors being personal relationships with buyers and strict market requirements related to quality and quantity supplied.Practical implicationsIn order to encourage smallholder farmer participation in modern chains, an expansion of the marketing of high-quality vegetables by implementing quality control mechanisms and the encouragement to adopt safe marketing practices is needed. These results are particularly relevant for practitioners and policymakers.Originality/valueMost research to date concentrates on farmers' socioeconomic characteristics and are based in countries with advanced modern chains, and rarely focus on farmer participation in countries where modern chains are relatively new. This study addresses this gap by analysing farmer preferences to engage in the context of a country experiencing the emergence of trade through modern vegetable supply chain system.
Design and fabrication of rotary magnetostrictvie energy harvester for knee-joint wearable applications
Authors: Yan Baiping , Huang Dazhuo , Hong Junjie , Zhang Chengming 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to present the design and fabrication of a rotary magnetostrictive energy generator, using to harvest the rotation energy of human knee joint.

Design/methodology/approach
A rotary magnetostrictive energy generator is presented in this paper. The harvester consists of six movable flat Terfenol-D rods, surround by the picked-up coils respective, and alternate permanent magnet (PM) array fixed in the upper cover of the stator. The harvester rotates like as a stepper motor, which has rotary electromagnetic power generating effect and impacted magnetostrictive power generating effect in its rotation. Modeling and simulation are used to validate the concept. A prototype of harvester is fabricated and subjected to the experimental characterization.

Findings
The size of proposed structure is control as 77 cm3, and its mass is about 0.21 kg. Huge induced voltage generated in the short-time impact situation, and that induced voltage in the harvester can up to 18.6 V at 0.32 s stepper rotation. Also, the presented harvester has good harvesting effects at low frequency human walking situation, which is suitable to be used for future researches of wearable knee joint applications.

Originality/value
A new concept of magnetostrictive harvester is presneted, which will be benefit for the application of human knee joint wearable. Also, this concept will give us more idea for collection of human movement energy.
Comparing insolation on building façades in five different climates
Authors: Stasinopoulos Thanos N. 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe objective is to provide a quantitative insight on the dynamic nature of insolation on the building perimeter according to location, season and orientation. Such understanding is necessary for deciding on solar control strategies in diverse climatic environments, from low to high availability of insolation.Design/methodology/approachThis study explores the seasonal changes of solar irradiation on building façades of various orientations at five locations with diverse climates (Reykjavík, London, Athens, Riyadh, Lagos). Solar data collected from the European PVGIS database is used to study the monthly distribution of global solar radiation incident on building façades at cardinal and ordinal orientations, as well as the proportions of its components.FindingsThe results illuminate the effects of the various factors on insolation. Among others: In all locations, horizontal surfaces receive more annual irradiation than any façade. In summer, east/west facades receive more radiation than south, hence solar protection on those directions is more important than on south. The beam fraction varies seasonally on south and north facades, but not so on east/west. Local atmospheric conditions can offset the importance of latitude on insolation levels and composition.Originality/valueThe paper utilises commonly available data to correlate insolation values and types under different factors across the globe, offering a better understanding on insolation for the design of greener buildings.
Construction productivity prediction through Bayesian networks for building projects: case from Vietnam
Authors: Khanh Ha Duy , Kim Soo Yong , Linh Le Quoc 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study aims to focus on exploring the construction productivity of building projects under the influence of potential factors. The three primary purposes are (1) determining critical factors affecting construction productivity; (2) identifying causal relationship and occurrence probability of these factors to develop a Bayesian network (BN) model; and (3) validating the accuracy of predictions from the proposed BN model via a case study.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual framework that includes three performance stages was used. Twenty-two possible factors were screened from a comprehensive literature review and evaluated through expert opinions. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire-based survey and case-study-based survey. The sampling methods were based on non-probability sampling.FindingsWorker characteristic-related factors significantly affect labour productivity for a construction task. Construction productivity is dominated by the working frequency of workers (overtime), complexity of the task, level of technology application and accidents. Labour productivity is defined as nearly 50% of the baseline productivity using the BN model created by the caut 2sal relationship and probability of factors. The prediction error of the BN model was 6.6%, 10.0% and 9.3% for formwork (m2/h), reinforcing steel (ton/h) and concrete (m3/h), respectively.Research limitations/implicationsThe evaluation or prediction of productivity performance has become a necessary topic for research and practice.Practical implicationsManagers and practitioners in the construction sector can utilise the outcome of this study to create good productivity management policies for their prospective projects.Originality/valueWorker-related characteristics are dominant among critical factors affecting labour productivity for a construction task; the proposed BN-based predictive model is built based on these critical factors. The BN approach is highly accurate for construction productivity prediction. The findings of this study can fill gaps in the construction management body of knowledge when modelling construction productivity under the effects of multiple factors and using a simple probabilistic graphic tool.
Constructing a mobile visual search framework for Dunhuang murals based on fine-tuned CNN and ontology semantic distance
Authors: Zeng Ziming , Sun Shouqiang , Sun Jingjing , Yin Jie , Shen Yueyan 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Dunhuang murals are rich in cultural and artistic value. The purpose of this paper is to construct a novel mobile visual search (MVS) framework for Dunhuang murals, enabling users to efficiently search for similar, relevant and diversified images.

Design/methodology/approach
The convolutional neural network (CNN) model is fine-tuned in the data set of Dunhuang murals. Image features are extracted through the fine-tuned CNN model, and the similarities between different candidate images and the query image are calculated by the dot product. Then, the candidate images are sorted by similarity, and semantic labels are extracted from the most similar image. Ontology semantic distance (OSD) is proposed to match relevant images using semantic labels. Furthermore, the improved DivScore is introduced to diversify search results.

Findings
The results illustrate that the fine-tuned ResNet152 is the best choice to search for similar images at the visual feature level, and OSD is the effective method to search for the relevant images at the semantic level. After re-ranking based on DivScore, the diversification of search results is improved.

Originality/value
This study collects and builds the Dunhuang mural data set and proposes an effective MVS framework for Dunhuang murals to protect and inherit Dunhuang cultural heritage. Similar, relevant and diversified Dunhuang murals are searched to meet different demands.
Discrepancies between national and state building by-laws in Malaysia: a review
Authors: Kamarulzaman Putri Nabila , Azmi Nur Farhana , Sulaiman Raha , M. Zaid Suzaini 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Malaysia’s building regulation is mainly based on the Uniform Building By-Laws (UBBL) 1984 which provides guidelines on the procedures for building plans approval and other means of development control. However, the application of these by-laws varies between local authorities, as they are gazetted by different state governments. The formulation of UBBL 1984 which was originally formulated to address the need for a standardized set of building regulations for the country is now perceived as inconsistent and complex. Therefore, this research attempts to examine the discrepancies between state by-laws, particularly Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and national UBBL 1984.

Design/methodology/approach
Critical review of the content of the UBBL (Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur) 1985 and national UBBL 1984 was carried out to pinpoint discrepancies between the two by-laws.

Findings
Differences between national UBBL and Kuala Lumpur By-laws fall into four main categories particularly terminology, prescriptive requirements, presence of terms and by-laws. Three editorial spelling and typing errors were also found in the national UBBL 1984. It is argued that the errors and differences lead to confusion and pose unnecessary regulatory burden to the construction industry which ultimately discourage people to disobey the rules. The identified discrepancies between these by-laws showed an urgent need to review the current building by-laws considering today’s technologies, norms and citizen needs.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of many fruitful contributions that examine discrepancies between by-laws that govern building control matters in Malaysia. Although centred on legislation in Malaysia, the findings are relevant for governments around the world working towards improving public service delivery.
Risk management of supply chains in the digital transformation era: contribution and challenges of blockchain technology
Authors: Rauniyar Komal , Wu Xiaobo , Gupta Shivam , Modgil Sachin , Lopes de Sousa Jabbour Ana Beatriz 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe high degree of likely disruption challenges organizations at all levels to develop and implement innovative strategies. Ensuring supply chain continuity even during emergency and complex situations is critical for organizations. Therefore, this study explores some strategies adopted by firms based on innovation and blockchain-enabled digital transformation to reduce risk in their supply chain.Design/methodology/approachThis study follows the qualitative form of enquiry. The authors interviewed 26 professionals from the supply chain domain. After three-layered coding and mapping multiple layers to the data of interviews, the authors identified emerging themes and sub-themes through a thematic analysis.FindingsThe authors identified type of risks that can affect global supply chains along with both the role of blockchain and innovation culture in minimizing the degree of such risks and the challenges in adopting blockchain technologies. This led us to develop a framework to address supply chain risk through digital transformation through innovation and blockchain.Practical implicationsThis research offers exciting implications for practice by drawing on the insights gathered to facilitate supply chain risk management through innovation and blockchain applications for organizations that are strongly impacted by digital transformation practices around the world. The study also offers the utilization of a framework followed by propositions to reduce supply chain risks in the digital transformation era.Originality/valueThis study focuses on presenting a mechanism of supply chain risk management through the application of innovation and blockchain technology for the digital transformation of a value chain. Blockchain can offer an innovative platform to ready the supply chain for future dynamic situations.