bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shaping the spin wave spectra of planar 1D magnonic crystals by the geometrical constraints
Authors: Rychły-Gruszecka Justyna , Walowski Jakob , Denker Christian , Tubandt Tobias , Münzenberg Markus , Kłos Jarosław W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present experimental and numerical studies demonstrating the influence of geometrical parameters on the fundamental spin-wave mode in planar 1D magnonic crystals. The investigated magnonic crystals consist of flat stripes separated by air gaps. The adjustment of geometrical parameters allows tailoring of the spin-wave frequencies. The width of stripes and the width of gaps between them affect spin-wave frequencies in two ways. First, directly by geometrical constraints confining the spin waves inside the stripes. Second, indirectly by spin-wave pinning, freeing the spin waves to a different extent on the edges of stripes. Experimentally, the fundamental spin-wave mode frequencies are measured using an all-optical pump-probe time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr-effect setup. Our studies address the problem of spin-wave confinement and spin-wave dipolar pinning in an array of coupled stripes. We show that the frequency of fundamental mode can be tuned to a large extent by adjusting the width of the stripes and the width of gaps between them.
Single-cell multiomics reveals the complexity of TGFβ signalling to chromatin in iPSC-derived kidney organoids
Authors: Davis Jessica L. , Kennedy Ciaran , Clerkin Shane , Treacy Niall J. , Dodd Thomas , Moss Catherine , Murphy Alison , Brazil Derek P. , Cagney Gerard , Brougham Dermot F. , Murad Rabi , Finlay Darren , Vuori Kristiina , Crean John 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTGFβ1 plays a regulatory role in the determination of renal cell fate and the progression of renal fibrosis. Here we show an association between SMAD3 and the histone methyltransferase, EZH2, during cell differentiation; ChIP-seq revealed that SMAD3 and EZH2 co-occupy the genome in iPSCs and in iPSC-derived nephron progenitors. Through integration of single cell gene expression and epigenome profiling, we identified de novo ACTA2+ve/POSTN+vemyofibroblasts in kidney organoids treated with TGFβ1, characterised by increased SMAD3-dependentcischromatin accessibility and gene expression associated with fibroblast activation. We have identified fibrosis-associated regulons characterised by enrichment of SMAD3, AP1, the ETS family of transcription factors, and NUAK1, CREB3L1, and RARG, corresponding to enriched motifs at accessible loci identified by scATACseq. Treatment with the EZH2 specific inhibitor GSK343, blocked SMAD3-dependentcisco-accessibility and inhibited myofibroblast activation. This mechanism, through which TGFβ signals directly to chromatin, represents a critical determinant of fibrotic, differentiated states.
A pipeline for malignancy and therapy agnostic assessment of cancer drug response using cell mass measurements
Authors: Kimmerling Robert J. , Stevens Mark M. , Olcum Selim , Minnah Anthony , Vacha Madeleine , LaBella Rachel , Ferri Matthew , Wasserman Steven C. , Fujii Juanita , Shaheen Zayna , Sundaresan Srividya , Ribadeneyra Drew , Jayabalan David S. , Agte Sarita , Aleman Adolfo , Criscitiello Joseph A. , Niesvizky Ruben , Luskin Marlise R. , Parekh Samir , Rosenbaum Cara A. , Tamrazi Anobel , Reid Clifford A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFunctional precision medicine offers a promising complement to genomics-based cancer therapy guidance by testing drug efficacy directly on a patient’s tumor cells. Here, we describe a workflow that utilizes single-cell mass measurements with inline brightfield imaging and machine-learning based image classification to broaden the clinical utility of such functional testing for cancer. Using these image-curated mass measurements, we characterize mass response signals for 60 different drugs with various mechanisms of action across twelve different cell types, demonstrating an improved ability to detect response for several slow acting drugs as compared with standard cell viability assays. Furthermore, we use this workflow to assess drug responses for various primary tumor specimen formats including blood, bone marrow, fine needle aspirates (FNA), and malignant fluids, all with reports generated within two days and with results consistent with patient clinical responses. The combination of high-resolution measurement, broad drug and malignancy applicability, and rapid return of results offered by this workflow suggests that it is well-suited to performing clinically relevant functional assessment of cancer drug response.
Proteogenomic landscape and clinical characterization of GH-producing pituitary adenomas/somatotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Yamato Azusa , Nagano Hidekazu , Gao Yue , Matsuda Tatsuma , Hashimoto Naoko , Nakayama Akitoshi , Yamagata Kazuyuki , Yokoyama Masataka , Gong Yingbo , Shi Xiaoyan , Zhahara Siti Nurul , Kono Takashi , Taki Yuki , Furuki Naoto , Nishimura Motoi , Horiguchi Kentaro , Iwadate Yasuo , Fukuyo Masaki , Rahmutulla Bahityar , Kaneda Atsushi , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Kawashima Yusuke , Ohara Osamu , Ishikawa Tetsuo , Kawakami Eiryo , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Inoshita Naoko , Yamada Shozo , Fukuhara Noriaki , Nishioka Hiroshi , Tanaka Tomoaki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe clinical characteristics of growth hormone (GH)-producing pituitary adenomas/somatotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (GHomas/somatotroph PitNETs) vary across patients. In this study, we aimed to integrate the genetic alterations, protein expression profiles, transcriptomes, and clinical characteristics of GHomas/somatotroph PitNETs to identify molecules associated with acromegaly characteristics. Targeted capture sequencing and copy number analysis of 36 genes and nontargeted proteomics analysis were performed on fresh-frozen samples from 121 sporadic GHomas/somatotroph PitNETs. Targeted capture sequencing revealed GNAS as the only driver gene, as previously reported. Classification by consensus clustering using both RNA sequencing and proteomics revealed many similarities between the proteome and the transcriptome. Gene ontology analysis was performed for differentially expressed proteins between wild-type and mutant GNAS samples identified by nontargeted proteomics and involved in G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways. The results suggested that GNAS mutations impact endocrinological features in acromegaly through GPCR pathway induction. ATP2A2 and ARID5B correlated with the GH change rate in the octreotide loading test, and WWC3, SERINC1, and ZFAND3 correlated with the tumor volume change rate after somatostatin analog treatment. These results identified a biological connection between GNAS mutations and the clinical and biochemical characteristics of acromegaly, revealing molecules associated with acromegaly that may affect medical treatment efficacy.
Strain-tuned topological phase transition and unconventional Zeeman effect in ZrTe5 microcrystals
Authors: Gaikwad Apurva , Sun Song , Wang Peipei , Zhang Liyuan , Cano Jennifer , Dai Xi , Du Xu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe geometric phase of an electronic wave function, also known as Berry phase, is the fundamental basis of the topological properties in solids. This phase can be tuned by modulating the band structure of a material, providing a way to drive a topological phase transition. However, despite significant efforts in designing and understanding topological materials, it remains still challenging to tune a given material across different topological phases while tracing the impact of the Berry phase on its quantum transport properties. Here, we report these two effects in a magnetotransport study of ZrTe5. By tuning the band structure with uniaxial strain, we use quantum oscillations to directly map a weak-to-strong topological insulator phase transition through a gapless Dirac semimetal phase. Moreover, we demonstrate the impact of the strain-tunable spin-dependent Berry phase on the Zeeman effect through the amplitude of the quantum oscillations. We show that such a spin-dependent Berry phase, largely neglected in solid-state systems, is critical in modeling quantum oscillations in Dirac bands of topological materials.
Comparison of magnetic energy and helicity in coronal jet simulations
Authors: Pariat E. , Wyper P. F. , Linan L. 
Published: November 2022

Context. While non-potential (free) magnetic energy is a necessary element of any active phenomenon in the solar corona, its role as a marker of the trigger of the eruptive process remains elusive. Meanwhile, recent analyses of numerical simulations of solar active events have shown that quantities based on relative magnetic helicity could highlight the eruptive nature of solar magnetic systems.
Aims. Based on the unique decomposition of the magnetic field into potential and non-potential components, magnetic energy and helicity can also both be uniquely decomposed into two quantities. Using two 3D magnetohydrodynamics parametric simulations of a configuration that can produce coronal jets, we compare the dynamics of the magnetic energies and of the relative magnetic helicities.
Methods. Both simulations share the same initial setup and line-tied bottom-boundary driving profile. However, they differ by the duration of the forcing. In one simulation, the system is driven sufficiently so that a point of no return is passed and the system induces the generation of a helical jet. The generation of the jet is, however, markedly delayed after the end of the driving phase; a relatively long phase of lower-intensity reconnection takes place before the jet is eventually induced. In the other reference simulation, the system is driven during a shorter time, and no jet is produced.
Results. As expected, we observe that the jet-producing simulation contains a higher value of non-potential energy and non-potential helicity compared to the non-eruptive system. Focussing on the phase between the end of the driving-phase and the jet generation, we note that magnetic energies remain relatively constant, while magnetic helicities have a noticeable evolution. During this post-driving phase, the ratio of the non-potential to total magnetic energy very slightly decreases while the helicity eruptivity index, which is the ratio of the non-potential helicity to the total relative magnetic helicity, significantly increases. The jet is generated when the system is at the highest value of this helicity eruptivity index. This proxy critically decreases during the jet-generation phase. The free energy also decreases but does not present any peak when the jet is being generated.
Conclusions. Our study further strengthens the importance of helicities, and in particular of the helicity eruptivity index, to understand the trigger mechanism of solar eruptive events.
Adding gamma-ray polarimetry to the multi-messenger era
Authors: Kole Merlin , Iacovelli Francesco , Mancarella Michele , Produit Nicolas 
Published: November 2022

Context. The last decade has seen the emergence of two new fields within astrophysics: gamma-ray polarimetry and gravitational wave (GW) astronomy. The former, which aims to measure the polarization of gamma rays in the energy range of tens to hundreds of keV, from astrophysical sources, saw the launch of the first dedicated polarimeters such as GAP and POLAR. Due to both a large scientific interest as well as their large signal-to-noise ratios, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the primary source of interest of the first generation of polarimeters. Polarization measurements are theorized to provide a unique probe of the mechanisms at play in these extreme phenomena. On the other hand, GW astronomy started with the detection of the first black hole mergers by LIGO in 2015, followed by the first multi-messenger detection in 2017.
Aims. While the potential of the two individual fields has been discussed in detail in the literature, the potential for joint observations has thus far been ignored. In this article, we aim to define how GW observations can best contribute to gamma-ray polarimetry and study the scientific potential of joint analyses. In addition, we aim to provide predictions on feasibility of such joint measurements in the near future.
Methods. We study which GW observables can be combined with measurements from gamma-ray polarimetry to improve the discriminating power regarding GRB emission models. We then provide forecasts for the joint detection capabilities of current and future GW detectors and polarimeters.
Results. Our results show that by adding GW data to polarimetry, a single precise joint detection would allow for the majority of emission models to be ruled out. We show that in the coming years, joint detections between GW and gamma-ray polarimeters might already be possible. Although these would allow one to constrain part of the model space, the probability of highly constraining joint detections will remain small in the near future. However, the scientific merit held by even a single such measurement makes it important to pursue such an endeavour. Furthermore, we show that using the next generation of GW detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope, joint detections for which GW data can better complement the polarization data become possible.
Community-associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ca-MRSA) as a Pandemic Pathogen: Risk Factors and Implications for Healthcare
Authors: Gleich Sabine , Kiefer-Trendelenburg Thomas , Schlatterer Kathrin , Napp Matthias , Monecke Stefan , Arnold Andreas , Goering Richard , Strommenger Birgit , Werner Guido , Daeschlein Georg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background A diversity of risk factors for ca-MRSA manifestations has been described so far. Up to date toxic contact dermatitis induced by plants has not been identified as one.
Patients and Methods After intense skin contact with poison ivy in
the US a 24-year-old Afro-American showed pronounced bullous contact dermatitis on the back of
the neck and subsequently massive ca-MRSA furunculitis with proof of
Panton-Valentine-leucocidin (PVL). After travelling to Germany, his German girlfriend
developed a subacute ca-MRSA, PVL-positive superinfection of a mosquito bite at her lower leg.
Both infections required surgical intervention.
Results While the male patient displayed contact dermatitis by poison ivy, the female patient demonstrated two risk factors for ca-MRSA: contact with a ca-MRSA positive person and a predisposing skin lesion. Both cases underpin the role of ca-MRSA transmission and the potential severeness of wound infections in young and immunocompetent persons, just to be resolved by invasive intervention.
Conclusions Marked and recalcitrant skin or soft tissue infections in otherwise healthy young patients require instant microbiological analysis and surgical intervention flanked by adequate antibiotic therapy. Contact dermatitis induced by plant toxins should be taken into consideration as possible risk factor for the acquisition of ca-MRSA.
Chronische spontane Urtikaria, Adipositas und metabolische Erkrankungen
Authors: Zarnowski Julia , Simon Jan-Christoph , Treudler Regina 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungZiel Darstellung der aktuellen Literatur und neuer Erkenntnisse zum Zusammenhang der chronisch spontanen Urtikaria (CSU) mit Adipositas-assoziierter Inflammation und metabolischen Erkrankungen.Methodik Eine englischsprachige, Pubmed-basierte Literaturrecherche mit den Stichwörtern „chronic urticaria“ und „hypertension“, „hyperlipidemia“, „metabolic syndrome“, „metabolic diseases“, „obesity“, „overweight“, „glucose intolerance“, „diabetes“ sowie zu „cytokines“, „pro-inflammatory“, „adipokines“, „immunological dysregulation“.Ergebnisse In der aktuellen Literatur zeigen sich erhöhte Prävalenzen für Adipositas, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperlipidämie und Hypertonie bei CSU-Patienten. Zudem zeigen sich signifikante Assoziationen zwischen metabolischen Komorbiditäten und der klinischen Ausprägung, Krankheitsdauer oder dem therapeutischen Ansprechen bei der CSU. Darüber hinaus lassen sich gemeinsame immunologische Merkmale zwischen der CSU und Adipositas erkennen, da eine Dysbalance pro- und anti-inflammatorisch wirksamer Zytokine sowie Adipokine zugunsten eines pro-inflammatorischen Zustandes bei beiden Erkrankungen vorliegt. Die Ableitung klinischer Implikationen in Hinblick auf Screening-, Präventions- oder Interventionsmaßnahmen metabolischer Erkrankungen bei der CSU sollte diskutiert werden.
Malignes Melanom und Adipositas: eine
Übersichtsarbeit
Authors: Zidane Miriam , Theurich Sebastian , Schlaak Max 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Inzidenz von Adipositas nimmt weltweit stetig zu.
Übergewicht und Adipositas werden als mögliche Risikofaktoren
für verschiedene Krebserkrankungen, einschließlich des malignen
Melanoms, diskutiert. Dieser Review stellt die Evidenz zu der Assoziation
zwischen Adipositas und dem malignen Melanom dar.
Methodik Selektive Literaturrecherche.
Ergebnisse Obwohl verschiedene Erklärungsansätze
für eine mögliche Assoziation von Adipositas und dem malignen
Melanom existieren, sind diese nicht vollständig bekannt und weiterhin
Gegenstand der Forschung. Die Evidenz zur Assoziation zwischen Adipositas und
Melanom-Outcomes für Patienten ohne Systemtherapie ist gering.
Für Patienten mit Systemtherapie gibt es Evidenz, die einen protektiven
Effekt unter Immuntherapien und zielgerichteten Therapien beschreibt.
Schlussfolgerung Insgesamt gibt es zu der Assoziation zwischen dem
malignen Melanom und Adipositas nicht ausreichend Evidenz, um zu schlussfolgern,
ob Adipositas einen unabhängigen protektiven Effekt hat oder ein
Risikofaktor für die Entstehung von Melanomen darstellt. Weitere
Forschung ist erforderlich, um das Wissen über diesen möglichen
Zusammenhang zu vertiefen.
Digitale Gesundheitsinterventionen entwickeln, evaluieren und
implementieren Teil II – Diskussionspapier der Arbeitsgruppe Digital
Health des Deutschen Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung (DNVF)
Authors: Kernebeck Sven , Scheibe Madlen , Sinha Monika , Fischer Florian , Knapp Andreas , Timpel Patrick , Harst Lorenz , Reininghaus Ulrich , Vollmar Horst Christian 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungMethodische Herausforderungen bei der Evaluation digitaler Interventionen (DI)
sind für die Versorgungsforschung allgegenwärtig. Die
Arbeitsgruppe Digital Health des Deutschen Netzwerks Versorgungsforschung (DNVF)
hat in einem zweiteiligen Diskussionspapier diese Herausforderungen dargestellt
und diskutiert. Im ersten Teil wurden begriffliche Abgrenzungen sowie die
Entwicklung und Evaluation von DI thematisiert. In diesem zweiten Teil wird auf
Outcomes, das Reporting von Ergebnissen, die Synthese der Evidenz sowie die
Implementierung von DI eingegangen. Lösungsansätze und
zukünftige Forschungsbedarfe zur Adressierung dieser Herausforderungen
werden diskutiert.
Subclavian Effort and Upper Limb Thrombosis – a Lesson Learned
Authors: Krasiński Zbigniew , Pukacki Piotr , Begier-Krasinska Beata 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSubclavian vein effort and upper limb thrombosis, known as the Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS), accounts for 30–40 % of spontaneous upper extremity deep vein thromboses (UEDVTs) and 10–20 % of all upper limb deep vein thromboses (DVTs). As complication of PSS include post-thrombotic syndrome and pulmonary embolism, early recognition and prompt initiation of anticoagulant treatment is crucial in the course of its treatment. PSS is associated with single or repeated physical activity of the upper limb, combined with obstruction of venous outflow resulting from anatomical alterations. A correct diagnosis, based on a range of imaging methods, and prompt initiation of local thrombolytic therapy, surgical decompression of the thoracic outlet (when necessary), and immediate initiation of anticoagulant treatment, aim to effectively restore the patient life quality, preventing post-thrombotic syndrome and recurrent thrombosis.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,
Authors: Buchner Helmut 
Published: November 2022

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,das Jahr neigt sich dem Ende zu. Wie war das Jahr?Zu den Erschütterungen der Pandemie und der Flutkatastrophe, nun der Krieg in
der Ukraine mit all dem Leid und den sozio-ökonomischen, geopolitischen
Folgen.
Potential Benefit of Probiotic E. Coli Nissle in Term Neonates
Authors: Olbertz Dirk , Proquitté Hans , Patzer Ludwig , Erler Thomas , Mikolajczak Alexsandra , Sadowska-Krawczenko Iwona , Wolff Corinna , Radke Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Probiotics are often viewed as an immunity enhancing
agent. The objective of this study was to investigate whether oral
administration of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 reduces the number of infections,
their duration, and severity in the first 24 months after parturition in healthy
neonates.
Subjects and methods This prospective, confirmatory,
randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled 567 healthy neonates
from four German and two Polish sites. Neonates received 10e8 viable E. coli
Nissle (n=283) or placebo (n=284) daily in the first week and
every second day in week 2 and 3. After 6 and 12 months, the subjects received
additional instillations on ten subsequent days. The overall efficacy was
assessed by the number of infections per observation
period.
Results Incidence rates of infection, infection duration
and severity showed no statistically significant difference between groups after
24 months. Post-hoc analyses, however, revealed a short-term benefit of E. coli
Nissle four weeks after treatment start which became less pronounced after eight
weeks. E. coli Nissle was safe and well tolerated.
Conclusions A
long-term effect after colonising the healthy neonate´s gut with E. coli
Nissle to protect against infections could not be shown. Additional studies are
needed to confirm a transitory, yet clinically significant role of probiotics in
the first four weeks after parturition.
Transition-Metal-Free β-Selective C-Glycosylation of β-Glycosyl Boronates via Stereoretentive 1,2-Migration
Authors: Yoritate Makoto , Hirai Go , Yasutomi Hiroki , Takeda Daiki , Higashibayashi Shuhei , Sugai Takeshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractC-Glycoside analogues of native glycans are useful molecular tools for medicinal chemistry and chemical biology due to their resistance to cellular glycoside hydrolases. We previously reported an α-selective direct C-glycosylation of 2-deoxy-β-glycosyl boronate through a Ni/photoredox-catalyzed stereoinvertive cross-coupling reaction. Here we report a complementary stereoretentive synthetic method for the preparation of β-C-glycosides from a similar boronate precursor through the addition of a C(sp2) anion followed by 1,2-migration of the glycosyl donor.
Elective and Emergent Surgery in the Ulcerative Colitis Patient
Authors: DeLeon Michelle F. , Stocchi Luca 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) requires surgical management in 20 to 30% of patients. Indications for surgery include medically refractory disease, dysplasia, cancer, and other complications of UC. Appropriate patient selection for timing and staging of surgery is paramount for optimal outcomes. Restorative proctocolectomy is the preferred standard of care and can afford many patients with excellent quality of life. There have been significant shifts in the treatment of UC-associated dysplasia, with less patients requiring surgery and more entering surveillance programs. There is ongoing controversy surrounding the management of UC-associated colorectal cancer and the techniques that should be used. This article reviews the most recent literature on the indications for elective and emergent surgical intervention for UC and the considerations behind the surgical options.