bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of various statistical models for the identification Landslide Risk zone on Settlement and Roads in the East Sikkim Himalaya, India
Authors: Alam Sk Asraful , Maiti Ramkrishna , Mandal Sujit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Landslide is one the catastrophic event in Himalayan region. The settlement and roads are immensely affected by the landslide which is not only observed in east Sikkim Himalaya but also the entire mountain regions. The NH 31A road of East Sikkim Himalaya experiences numerous landslide events. The present objective of this study to embed various landslide Risk Assessment (LRA) models (Bivariate Statistical Index (BSI), Index of Entropy (IOE) and Weight of Evidence (WOE)) in the Rorachu watershed in the East Sikkim Himalaya and study the comparative analysis of this models. Firstly, the landslide inventory map was prepared by recent field survey study, aerial photograph and historical landslide records. There were 153 landslides locations which were mapped using GIS software and classified into 70% (107) for training the model of BSI, IOE and WOE and remaining 30% (46) were used for the validations. The 13 landslide causative factors were prepared as a database. Using these factors map the LSI and LRA maps were produced by BSI, IOE and WOE models. Finally, the LSI maps were validated by ROC curve, landslide density (LD) and success rate curve (SRC). The result shows that the LSI map using the WOE model is the highest prediction accuracy AUC = 0.858 (85.80%), followed by the BSI model (AUC = 0.858/85.80%) and IOE model (AUC = 0.687/68.70%). The LSI map using WOE model having the highest Success rate (SC) followed by BSI model and the IOE model. The results obtained from this study element-at-risk (Settlement and Road) which is revealed the LRA was shown that the highest risk of settlements areas by the model of BSI (40.32% areas), IOE (40.33% areas) and WOE (39.52% areas) and the highest risk of NH 31A road is BSI (40.04% areas), IOE (38.22% areas) and WOE (39.78% areas). This study has been identifying the maximum landslide risk areas of settlement and NH31A roads. The Bayesian weight of evidence (WOE) model is showing best fit to this study areas whereas index of entropy (IOE) and bivariate statistical index (BSI) showing comparatively low fit to this study. These landslide susceptibility map and landslide risk assessment (LRA) map can be used for the development of land use planning strategies, saves human loss and important for the planners and mitigation purpose.
Anti-inflammatory effect of BMP326, a novel benzothiazole derivative: Possible involvement of the NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling Pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Guo huijie , Luo Xing-Yan , Yang Shu-Xia , Liu Yang , Mo Chun-Fen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Benzothiazole and its derivatives have been extensive studied due to their versatile biological properties and pharmaceutical applications. We recently found that the BMP326 (1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ol), a novel benzothiazole derivative, have anti-inflammatory properties in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and there were no relevant reports previously.Methods and Results: Treatment with BMP326(5, 10 and 20 μM) can significantly inhibit nitric oxide production and down-regulate mRNA expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) but did not cause significant cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 macrophages. It is also observed BMP326 can inhibit LPS-stimulated interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin(IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production depending on its dosage. The gene transcription levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were reduced under BMP326 exposure in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, we explored the inhibitory mechanisms of BMP326 on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. The results showed that BMP326 inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation by reducing the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα. Moreover, the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK (p38), extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in RAW264.7 cells which are stimulated with LPS were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: In summary, these results suggest that BMP326 exerts anti-inflammatory properties via suppression of the NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways.
First Report of The Invasive Pest, South American Tomato Pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), in Udaipur Region of Southern Rajasthan
Authors: SINGH BEERENDRA , Mahla M. K. , Babu S. Ramesh , Singh Virendra , Ojha M. L. , Jain Devendra , Sharma Kuldeep , Jagawat Swati , Kumar Vijay 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The invasive pest tomato pinworm, T. absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) was observed first time in the Southern Rajasthan during 2018-2020 under field and protected cultivation in tomato. Morphological and molecular identification (amplifying cytochrome oxidase gene (CO-I) of mitochondrial DNA) was done to confirm the occurrence of this new invasive species. The development period of T. absoluta had four stages viz; eggs, larva, pupa and adult. The duration of the incubation period, first, second, third and fourth instar larvae were observed at 4.52±0.68, 2.38±0.50, 3.95±0.80, 3.43±0.51 and 2.57±0.51 days, respectively. The eggs hatching was observed at 94-97 per cent. The average length of first, second, third and fourth instar larvae was measured at 0.610±0.037, 1.577±0.067, 3.917±0.121 and 7.379±0.176 mm, respectively. The total larval period was observed as 10-15 days with a mean of 12.33±1.35 days. The pupal period was observed from 10-12 days with a mean of 10.95±0.86 days. The adult longevity on an average was 12.00±1.41 days with a range of 10-14 days. The complete life span of T. absoluta ranged from 30-40 days with a mean of 35.43±3.56 days.
Massively parallel sequencing of endometrial lavage specimens for the detection of cancer-associated mutations in atypical and non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia
Authors: Weng Cindy Hsuan , Wu Kai-Yun , Wang Chin-Jung , Huang Huei-Jean , Tsai Chia-Lung , Lin Chiao-Yun , Ro Aileen , Lai Chyong-Huey , Chao An-Shine , Wu Ren-Chin , Chao Angel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PurposeEndometrial hyperplasia (EH), particularly with atypia, is considered an antecedent of endometrial adenocarcinoma. In this study, we aimed to apply massively parallel sequencing of endometrial lavage specimens for the detection of cancer-associated mutations in atypical (AEH) and non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia (NEH). The identified alterations were compared with those detected in tissue samples. Materials and methods Endometrial lavage specimens and parallel biopsy samples (n = 11 for AEH and n = 9 for NEH) were obtained from 18 women (9 with AEH and 9 with NEH) who received an office hysteroscopy for suspected endometrial lesions. All samples were tested for somatic mutations in hotspot regions of 72 cancer-associated genes by massively parallel sequencing. Results Sequencing revealed the presence of at least one cancer-associated gene mutation in 72.7% and 44.4 % of endometrial lavage specimens obtained from women with AEH and NEH, respectively. The concordance rates between mutations in endometrial lavage samples and endometrial biopsies were 54.5% and 0% for AEH and NEH, respectively. A patient with NEH harbored mutations in endometrial lavage only, raising the suspicion of missed focal atypia. ConclusionsEH is characterized by a high burden of cancer-associated mutations, particularly in the presence of atypia. Our study, albeit performed with a relatively small number of samples, indicates that their detection by massively parallel sequencing of endometrial lavage is feasible. Our findings may allow tailoring of endometrial biopsies to the individual risk of AEH; additionally, they can pave the way towards less invasive surveillance protocols in patients with known EH.
Ecological zoning and quality zoning of Chinese sorghum under the background of climate change
Authors: Fulai Ke , Kuangye Zhang , Zhihua Li , Zhiqiang Liu , Kai Zhu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The original sorghum division was completed in the 1980s. Since the 21st century, with the climate warming and the planting belt moving to the north, it is urgent to compile new sorghum divisions to adapt to the needs of the new era to prevent the adaptive risks brought by cross-regional planting of varieties.In view of the above problems, 20 representative varieties of various maturity periods cultivated by major national sorghum breeding units in recent years were selected in this experiment, and 59 ecological zones with different ecological characteristics were selected in the country. According to the characteristics of different pilot meteorological factors and variety trait performance characteristics, sorghum ecological zoning and quality zoning were conducted.The results show that 5 primary zones and 14 secondary ecological zones can be divided,Northwest spring sowing area, North China spring sowing area, northeast spring sowing area, southern area and northern spring and summer sowing area are the first-class ecological areas.Liaonian3 and Liaonuo11, Jinnuo3 and Liaoza19,Fengza4 and Liaoza37 are the dominant species to adapt to different ecological zones.North China spring sowing area and northeast spring sowing area for high starch, high capacity and heavy producing area, northeast spring sowing area and southern area for high tannin producing area.
Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) attenuates progression of acute liver failure by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation via modulating cytoprotective enzyme hemoxygenase-1 activity
Authors: Rakshit Samrat , Sahu Nisha , Nirala Satendra Kumar , Gupte Shamli S , Shukla Sangeeta , Shrivastava Sadhana , Bhadauria Bhawana , Bhadauria Monika 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Acute liver failure (ALF), often associated with elevated oxidative stress and sustained inflammation, is one of the major clinical manifestations of liver disease with limited therapeutic options. Tephrosia purpurea is mentioned in Ayurvedic literature to be effective against various health problems. Additionally, this plant with various unknown bioactive components has not been fully explored against acute organ injury, especially against D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide induced acute hepatitis. Thus, we aimed to characterize and investigate the efficacy of hydroethanolic extract of Tephrosia purpurea to attenuate ALF progression. Methods: Different doses of Tephrosia purpurea extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were administered orally once a day for 6 days. In vivo injury was induced via intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (300 mg/kg) followed by lipopolysaccharide (50 μg/kg). Presence of bioactive compounds, functional groups, nature and size of particles, thermal properties of the extract were determined. Results: Levels of lipid peroxidation, proinflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated after D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide administration that were restored by the administration of Tephrosia purpurea via modulating hemoxygenase-1 enzyme. Tephrosia purpurea alleviated serum transaminase levels, hematological variables and markedly reduced histological and ultrastructural alterations. Tephrosia purpurea reduced iron overload and maintained glutathione homeostasis (P£ 0.05). Not only that, it also eliminated lipid droplets, restored biomacromolecule homeostasis, maintained stability of the membrane, cellular organelles and the DNA. Conclusions: These findings provided novel insights into the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms of Tephrosia purpurea and suggested its use as a potential therapeutic candidate against ALF.
Association between electronic cigarettes-marijuana dual use and sleep duration among US adults: NHANES 2015–2018
Authors: Pan Zhenzhen , Wang Qian , Wang Huixia , Guo Yun , Pan Shanshan , Xu Shiyao , Zhou Qin , Li Ling 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) use was reported associated with sleep disturbances, and marijuana was a double-edged sword to sleep. Literature about their dual use is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between dual use of,e-cigarettes and marijuana and sleep duration among US adults.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 6,573 participants aged 18–64 years from 2015 to 2018. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. The chi-square test and analysis of variance were used for analyses of binary and continuous variables, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analyses of e-cigarettes, marijuana use, and sleep duration. Sensitivity analyses were conducted in populations with dual e-cigarette and traditional cigarette use and those with dual marijuana and traditional cigarette use.Results: Dual e-cigarette and marijuana users had significantly higher odds of not having the recommended sleep duration than those who were using neither (short sleep duration: odds ratio [OR], 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19–4.61; P = 0.014; long sleep duration: OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.53–2.87; P < 0.001, respectively) and short sleep duration than only e-cigarette users (OR, 4.24; 95% CI, 1.75–4.60; P < 0.001) in the adjusted model. Dual traditional cigarette and marijuana users had significantly higher odds of long sleep duration than neither users.Conclusions: The study suggested that the dual use of tobacco products and marijuana was associated with sleep duration, which is not recommended, and results differ based on the type of tobacco products. Since the majority of tobacco users use not only one kind of tobacco product, it is important to conduct longitudinal RCTs to explore the joint effect of dual tobacco use on human health.
Coupling Hydrochemical Characterization with Geospatial Analysis to Understand Groundwater Quality Parameters In North Central Nigeria
Authors: Ekwule O. R. , Simeon A. K. , Amer M. A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Monitoring and identifying sources of water contaminants necessitates research into hydro-chemical interactions and the health of groundwater resources. Sixty (n = 60) representative samples of groundwater in Makurdi metropolis were evaluated utilizing hydro-geochemical characterization and GIS methodologies. The region's groundwater quality was planned and monitored using a GIS-based water quality index (WQI). To identify the variance in hydro-geochemical facies and to understand the functional sources of chemical constituents, Piper trilinear and Gibbs diagrams were produced. The test results revealed that the groundwater is very alkaline in nature. For each measure, the majority of the samples fell within the desirable and maximum permissible ranges set by the Nigeria Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). According to the Piper diagram, 86.67% of the samples are of the Na+ - K+ - HCO32− type, indicating alkali carbonate, while 13.33% are of the Na+ - K+ - Cl− - SO42− type, indicating salinity. In 100% of the samples, alkalis outnumber alkaline earth, and weak acid outnumbers strong acid in more than half (86.67%) of the groundwater samples. According to the water quality index (WQI), 93% of locations have excellent or good quality water, whereas 7% of sites have poor quality water. The permitted limits for TH, Na+, Cl, NO3 and SO42 are exceeded by the WQI values. The present investigation indicates significant dominance of agriculture and rock weathering capable of influencing the groundwater chemistry in Makurdi metropolis. Anthropogenic activities which can result in groundwater quality deterioration should be curtailed to avoid widespread of groundwater pollution.
Automatic detection system for verification and quality control: Application to water connector inspection
Authors: Regayeg Jihen , Baklouti Mouna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Visual inspection of finished products has always been one of the basic and most recognized applications of quality control in the industry field. This inspection remains largely a manual process conducted by operators, and thus faces considerable limitations that make it unreliable. Therefore, it is necessary to automatize this inspection for better efficiency. This work aims to explore the application of Machine Vision in a manufacturing system environment. The objective is to create and develop an automated inspection system used to sort the water connector product after the assembly process. The machine vision system solution allows to classify and sort the assembled finished water connector product as conforming product or non-conforming product. This work proposes two solutions to classify and identify the water connector product. The first inspection method is based on image segmentation while the second one is based on machine learning, achieving an accuracy of 96% and 87% respectively.
Why do men who have sex with men fail to use condoms consistently during sex? A systematic review and Meta-synthesis
Authors: Shen Yan , Zhang Ci , Valimaki Maritta , Qian Hanzhu , Mohammadi Leila , Chi Yuanyuan , Li Xianhong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Despite a large amount of behavioral interventions to reduce human immunodeficiency virus-related high-risk sexual behaviors, consistent condom use remains suboptimal among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, current databases are lack of synthesized evidence to explain why MSM always fail to use condoms consistently during sex. Objective Our study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-synthesis of 39 eligible qualitative studies to explore the barriers to condom use among MSM. Methods. A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. On March 4, 2021, a comprehensive search was conducted in 14 electronic databases. The study was conducted based on the Joanna Briggs Institute’s recommendations. Results. Thematic analysis produced six synthesized themes, which were classified into three levels according to the Social-ecology Model. Individual level barriers to condom use include physical discomfort, lack of HIV/STI-related knowledge and substance use; interpersonal-level barrier was mainly the condom stigma, namely regarding using condom as symbols of distrust or HIV/ STIs prevention, or as violating traditional cognition of sex, or as an embarrassing topic; environmental/ structural-level barriers included situational unavailability, unaffordability of condoms and power imbalance in the sexual relationship. Conclusion This meta-synthesis offered in-depth understanding of condom use barriers for MSM and could guide the development of multifactorial interventions according to the identified barriers, especially targeting to reduce condom stigma, which has not been focused and intervened previously.
Quantum Cryptanalysis of Affine Cipher
Authors: Mathews Mahima Mary , Panchami V , Ajith Vishnu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Quantum Algorithms reduce the computational complexity or solve certain difficult problems that were originally impossible to solve with classical computers. Grover's search algorithm is a Quantum computation algorithm that can find target elements from a set of unstructured data with the best possible, O(√ N) queries. Grover's search Quantum circuits implemented accurately can be used to successfully search and find the keys of Symmetric ciphers. However, very few demonstrations of such practical cryptanalysis are available. In this paper, practical Quantum cryptanalysis circuits for Affine Cipher are proposed and demonstrated, that successfully break the cipher by finding the keys.
Assessment of seasonal variations in groundwater quality and its suitability for agricultural use in Keffi, Nigeria
Authors: KUDAMNYA Ebenezer Agayina , Edet Aniekan , Ekwere Azubuike S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Groundwater within the Basement Complex terrain of Keffi and its environs were assessed for its quality and suitability for agriculture. A total of about sixty-three groundwater samples were collected during wet and dry season, where physical and chemical parameters were measured. Results obtained show that values of analyzed parameters are within WHO permissible limit, except NO3−. Groundwater in the study area is of good to excellent quality. Major cation constituents during both seasons occur in order Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+. In the wet season, major anions in the groundwater occur in the order NO3− > HCO3− > Cl− > SO42−, while in the dry season it is NO3− > Cl− > SO42− > HCO3−. During weathering processes, dissolution may be responsible for the release of these major ions into the groundwater system owing to the rock-water interaction. Also, groundwater in the study area is suitable for agriculture based on the indices: total hardness, residual sodium carbonate, percent sodium, sodium absorption ratio, magnesium hazard and permeability index. Correlation suggests that anthropogenic sources contribute the excess NO3− in the groundwater through the application of fertilizer and pesticide, improper disposal of refuse and even indiscriminate open defecation over time. Majority of the groundwater samples analyzed for both season were classified as; ‘very good to good’ and ‘good to permissible’, using the Wilcox Plot. Similarly, the plot of sodium hazard against salinity hazard has classified the groundwater samples analyzed as ‘good’.
Prothrombotic state, endothelial injury, and echocardiographic changes in non-active sarcoidosis patients
Authors: Siwiec Andzelika , Kuszmiersz Piotr , Kasper Lukasz , Frolow Marzena , Kozlik Pawel , Iwaniec Teresa , Kosalka-Wegiel Joanna , Zareba Lech , Sladek Krzysztof , Bazan Jan G. , Bazan-Socha Stanislawa , Dropinski Jerzy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory granulomatous disease of unknown cause that most commonly affects lungs and lymph nodes, with frequent yet asymptomatic cardiac involvement. The epidemiologically associated cardiovascular risk suggests an underlying prothrombotic state and endothelial dysfunction, currently understudied in the available literature. Therefore, we aimed to investigate prothrombotic plasma properties together with selected echocardiographic and laboratory biomarkers of cardiovascular injury in that disease.Methods: N=53 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis in clinical remission and N=66 matched controls were assessed for inflammatory and endothelial injury biomarkers, plasma thrombin generation profile, and echocardiographic and lung function parameters.Results: Sarcoidosis cases had impaired systolic and diastolic left ventricular function, higher concentrations of inflammatory markers, D-dimer and factor VIII activity compared to the controls. The coexistence of extrapulmonary disease was associated with elevated circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, while cases with hypercalcemia had higher thrombomodulin concentration. Sarcoidosis was characterized by the unfavorably altered thrombin generation profile, reflected by the 16% higher endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), 24% increased peak thrombin concentration, and 12% shorter time to thrombin peak in comparison to the control group. ETP was higher in cases with proxies of pulmonary restriction, extrapulmonary-extracutaneous manifestation and need for corticosteroids use.Conclusions: Despite the clinical remission, sarcoidosis is related to prothrombotic plasma properties and signs of endothelial injury, likely contributing to the higher risk of cardiovascular events. In addition, subclinical cardiac involvement may play an additional role, although further clinical and experimental studies are needed to verify these findings.