bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interference and co-existence of staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes within the healthy human skin microbiome
Authors: Ahle Charlotte Marie , Stødkilde Kristian , Poehlein Anja , Bömeke Mechthild , Streit Wolfgang R. , Wenck Horst , Reuter Jörn Hendrik , Hüpeden Jennifer , Brüggemann Holger 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHuman skin is populated by trillions of microbes collectively called the skin microbiome. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes are among the most abundant members of this ecosystem, with described roles in skin health and disease. However, knowledge regarding the health beneficial effects of these ubiquitous skin residents is still limited. Here, we profiled the staphylococcal and C. acnes landscape across four different skin sites of 30 individuals (120 skin samples) using amplicon-based next-generation sequencing. Relative abundance profiles obtained indicated the existence of phylotype-specific co-existence and exclusion scenarios. Co-culture experiments with 557 staphylococcal strains identified 30 strains exhibiting anti-C. acnes activities. Notably, staphylococcal strains were found to selectively exclude acne-associated C. acnes and co-exist with healthy skin-associated phylotypes, through regulation of the antimicrobial activity. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of skin-resident staphylococci and suggest that selective microbial interference is a contributor to healthy skin homeostasis.
The genome of Aechmea fasciata provides insights into the evolution of tank epiphytic habits and ethylene-induced flowering
Authors: Li Zhiying , Wang Jiabin , Zhang Xuanbing , Zhu GuoPeng , Fu Yunliu , Jing Yonglin , huang Bilan , Wang Xiaobing , Meng Chunyang , Yang Qingquan , Xu Li 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAechmea fasciatais one of the most popular bromeliads and bears a water-impounding tank with a vase-like rosette. The tank habit is a key innovation that has promoted diversity among bromeliads. To reveal the genomic basis of tank habit formation and ethylene-induced flowering, we sequenced the genome ofA. fasciataand assembled 352 Mb of sequences into 24 chromosomes. Comparative genomic analysis showed that the chromosomes experienced at least two fissions and two fusions from the ancestral genome ofA. fasciataandAnanas comosus. The gibberellin receptor geneGID1C-likewas duplicated by a segmental duplication event. This duplication may affect GA signalling and promote rosette expansion, which may permit water-impounding tank formation. During ethylene-induced flowering,AfFTL2expression is induced and targets theEIN3binding site ‘ATGTAC’ byAfEIL1-like. The data provided here will serve as an important resource for studying the evolution and mechanisms underlying flowering time regulation in bromeliads.
Bent coplanar waveguide feeds for balanced planar antennas and arrays
Authors: Lv X. , Zhang Y. , Fu Y. , Shi Q. , El‐Makadema A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlanar antenna arrays of a balanced structure are of great importance in many applications due to their features including low‐profile, wideband, and high polarisation purity. However, feeding such antennas adds great complexity in terms of manufacturing and reduces the performance due to production of common mode propagation. A method for feeding such antennas using coplanar waveguide on a thin substrate is proposed. Not only does it terminate the antenna of a balanced structure with a single‐ended feed but it also enables impedance transformation. The design was an attempt towards a completely printed front‐end that incorporates the antenna elements and their feeding circuits on bendable substrates. The electromagnetic performance has been validated with a dual polarised prototype and its prospect for ultrawideband arrays, e.g. 5G sub‐6 GHz or square kilometre array, was explored.
Quantum computing for smart grid applications
Authors: Ullah Md Habib , Eskandarpour Rozhin , Zheng Honghao , Khodaei Amin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractComputational complexities in modern power systems are reportedly increasing daily, and it is anticipated that traditional computers might be inadequate to provide the computation prerequisite in future complex power grids. In that given context, quantum computing (QC) can be considered a next‐generation alternative solution to deal with upcoming computational challenges in smart grids. The QC is a relatively new yet promising technology that leverages the unique phenomena of quantum mechanics in processing information and computations. This emerging paradigm shows a significant potential to overcome the barrier of computational limitations with better and faster solutions in optimization, simulations, and machine learning problems. In recent years, substantial progress in developing advanced quantum hardware, software, and algorithms have made QC more feasible to apply in various research areas, including smart grids. It is evident that considerable research has already been carried out, and such efforts are remarkably continuing. As QC is a highly evolving field of study, a brief review of the existing literature will be vital to realize the state‐of‐art on QC for smart grid applications. Therefore, this article summarizes the research outcomes of the most recent papers, highlights their suggestions for utilizing QC techniques for various smart grid applications, and further identifies the potential smart grid applications. Several real‐world QC case studies in various research fields besides power and energy systems are demonstrated. Moreover, a brief overview of available quantum hardware specifications, software tools, and algorithms is described with a comparative analysis.
Evaluation of admittance domain behavioural model complexity requirements for Power Amplifier design
Authors: Moure Maria Rocio , Casbon Michael , Ladero Nicolas , Fernandez‐Barciela Monica , Tasker Paul J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the framework of Power Amplifier (PA) design for communications, frequency domain non‐linear behavioural models have shown their potential as efficient complementary modelling tools when Field Effect Transistor compact models are not available or sufficiently accurate. The Admittance behavioural model, formulated in the V‐I domain, is especially suitable for device size and fundamental frequency scaling. It is important to note that the direct extraction of this model, from the Nonlinear Vector Network Analyser (NVNA) load‐pull (LP) measurements, requires some extra processing since it necessitates a Look‐up‐Table indexed to |V11| rather than |A11|. When using such models in PA design, there is the need for the user to select the necessary model complexity. To address this requirement, in this paper, a systematic analysis methodology, to guide the user, is presented and validated in different PA design scenarios. The methodology was tested using NVNA LP measurements of GaN Heterostructure FETs. A fifth order Admittance model formulation showed good accuracy in the studied PA design scenarios.
The Central Cord Syndrome in Patients with Cervical Spinal Cord Tumors: A 19th-Century Vignette from (Karl) Julius Vogel (1814–1880)
Authors: Missori Paolo , Chiarella Vito , Peschillo Simone , Paolini Sergio , Currà Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBetween 1830 and 1850, (Karl) Julius Vogel was one of the most important German pathologists. He received his doctorate in medicine in 1838 from the University of Munich and habilitation in pathology in 1840. In 1846, he moved to the University of Giessen as a full professor of pathology. From 1855, he taught special pathology and therapy at the University of Halle and became director of the internal clinic. Vogel and Heinrich Adolph Karl Dittmar were the first clinicians to describe the symptoms and pathologic findings of the central cord syndrome in a cervical spine tumor.
Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed [2+2+1]-Carbonylative Cycloaddition of Diynes with Anthracene α-Diketone as the Source of CO
Authors: Morimoto Tsumoru , Jia JingWen , Yamaguchi Yoshiko , Ueda Tatsuya , Yamada Hiroko , Kakiuchi Kiyomi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report on the use of anthracene α-diketone as a source of carbon monoxide (CO) in carbonylation reactions. Photoirradiation by a 5 W blue LED of a diyne in the presence of anthracene α-diketone and a rhodium(I) catalyst resulted in a [2+2+1]-carbonylative cycloaddition of the diyne to CO released from the anthracene α-diketone to give a high yield (up to 99%) of the corresponding cyclopentadienone. This is the first demonstration of a CO-gas-free carbonylation reaction using anthracene α-diketone. Light irradiation was a major factor both in the generation of CO from anthracene α-diketone and in the catalytic activity. A halogen lamp, a fluorescent lamp, or sunlight also served as a light source for this reaction. With this system, there is no need for an additional reagent for generating CO.
Recent Developments in Solid-Phase Glycan Synthesis
Authors: Delbianco Martina , Huang Jhih-Yi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSolid-phase glycan synthesis (SPGS) is a valuable approach to access broad collections of complex, well-defined oligo- and polysaccharides in short amounts of time. The target structure is assembled following iterative cycles of glycosylation and deprotection, often aided by automated machines. To expand the scope of SPGS, new solid supports, linkers, glycosylation and deprotection reactions, and functionalization strategies are constantly being developed. Here we discuss the state of the art of SPGS, with particular focus on the chemistry happening on solid-phase. We highlight recent achievements as well as challenges to be addressed to expand the scope of SPGS even further.1 Introduction2 Solid-Phase Glycan Synthesis2.1 The Solid Support2.2 The Linker2.3 The Assembly Process2.4 Post-Assembly Manipulations2.5 The Analysis2.6 Cleavage from the Solid Support3 Conclusion and Outlook
Work Relative Value Units for Total Hip Replacement Performed for Osteoarthritis Compared to Fracture
Authors: Quan Theodore , Best Matthew J. , Nayar Suresh K. , Kreulen R. Timothy , Manzi Joseph E. , Srikumaran Uma , Thakkar Savyasachi C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) performed in the setting of fracture is associated with greater case complexity, worse outcomes, and increased costs when compared with THA performed for osteoarthritis. Despite the increased complexity, the work relative value units (wRVUs) assigned to THA may not adequately compensate for this difference in surgical effort and time. The purpose of this study was to determine the wRVU per minute rates and reimbursement in dollars per minute for THA performed for fracture compared with THA performed for osteoarthritis. Data were collected through the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2006 to 2018 to identify all patients who underwent primary THA for osteoarthritis or for fractures. Total wRVU, operation time, wRVU per minute, and dollars per minute were assessed between the osteoarthritis and fracture cohorts. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were utilized for the study. The mean operation times for primary THA for osteoarthritis and for fractures were 91.96 and 99.43 minutes, respectively (p < 0.001), resulting in 0.26 versus 0.25 wRVU/min (p < 0.001). THA for osteoarthritis was also valued higher at $9.22/min versus $8.83/min for fracture (p < 0.001). This study shows that wRVU rates and reimbursement in dollars per minute for THA performed in the setting of fracture were lower than THA performed for osteoarthritis. Although patient care remains the number one priority, these findings have important implications in establishing adequate compensation for more complex cases. Level of evidence is III.
Midterm Outcomes of a Monoblock Dual-Mobility Cup Cemented into a Fully Porous Acetabular Component in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Muthusamy Nishanth , Shichman Ittai , Sicat Chelsea S. , Marwin Scott , Meftah Morteza , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUtilization of dual-mobility (DM) constructs has been a promising management option to address the risk of hip instability after complex revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). The aim of this study is to report a minimum 2-year outcome and survivorship of a monoblock DM cup cemented in a fully porous acetabular shell in complex acetabular rTHA cases. A retrospective review of 76 patients who underwent rTHA with a novel construct that utilized an inner DM cup cemented into a fully porous outer acetabular metal shell was conducted. Demographics, radiographic, and clinical outcomes such as readmissions, dislocation, and revisions were collected. Survivorship was analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier (KM) method. Thirty cases with a minimum of 2-year follow-up were included. Patients were, on average, 65.17 ± 10.26 years old with a mean body mass index of 28.55 ± 6.33 kg/m2. Seven patients (23.3%) required reoperations. Four patients underwent acetabular revision (periprosthetic joint infection: n = 2 [6.7%]; dislocation: n = 1 [3.3%]; aseptic loosening [fully porous cup]: n = 1[3.3%]). Three patients underwent reoperation without acetabular implant revision (debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention for prosthetic joint infection: n = 2 [6.7%]; femoral periprosthetic fracture: n = 1 [3.3%]). KM survivorship analysis of all-cause acetabular revision showed survival rates of 96.7% at 6 months, 93.3% at 1 year, and 89.7% at 2 years. KM survivorship of aseptic acetabular revision showed rates of 96.7% at 1 year and 92.9% at 2 years. KM analysis of acetabular cup fixation showed rates of 100% at 1 year and 96.2% at 2 years. The rate of dislocation in our cohort was 3.3% (1 out of 30). The use of a DM acetabular cup cemented into a fully porous acetabular revision shell in complex rTHA cases has a low risk of instability and loosening at 2 years with excellent mid-term implant survivorship. The use of this construct is a good option in patients with complex acetabular reconstruction and an elevated risk for instability. This was a retrospective cohort study with a level III evidence.
Incidental Findings in Low-Dose Full-Body Imaging Taken for Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Lygrisse Katherine A. , Muthusamy Nishanth , Arraut Jerry , Singh Vivek , Meftah Morteza , Lin Dana J. , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDetection of incidental findings (IFs) in preoperative imaging for total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients may lead to additional testing, cost, and surgical delay. The purpose of this study is to identify the incidence and clinical significance of IFs on preoperative low-dose full-body imaging (LFI) in the total joint population. Furthermore, we aim to determine whether these findings lead to additional imaging, delay, or cancelation in TJA cases. A retrospective review of 2,183 patients planned for total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty, who had preoperative LFI imaging obtained from 2013 to 2020 was conducted. LFI radiographic reports were reviewed to identify any flagged radiographs. Flagged IFs were divided into thoracic, spinal, lower limb, and abdominal IFs. Charts were reviewed to identify if any additional imaging was completed, the case was delayed or canceled, or a new pathology requiring continued follow-up or treatment was discovered. Of the 2,183 LFI images taken prior to TJA, 41 cases qualified as having IF (1.9%, 41/2,183), 18 thoracic, 11 spinal, 11 lower limb, and 1 abdominal. Overall, 15 (0.7%, 15/2,183) IF cases were clinically determined to require at least one additional form of imaging. Two had a significant finding; a schwannoma near the distal femoral shaft and a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Three TJA cases were delayed, and no cases were cancelled due to the IFs. The possible increase in IF detection by preoperative LFI does not greatly impact TJA case completion. Though rare, providers should pay close attention as clinically significant IFs can be discovered and lead to early treatment. This was a retrospective cohort study with level III evidence.
Characteristic analysis of wideband beam monitor with high-frequency pickups
Authors: Suwada T. 
Published: September 2022

The signal transmission characteristics of a wideband beam monitor (WBM) with feedthrough electrodes are discussed in the frequency region up to 13.5 GHz on the basis of a coupled-mode analysis using an equivalent circuit model with electromagnetically coupled transmission lines. It is demonstrated that in the signal transmission characteristics based on an electromagnetic induction method, electromagnetic couplings for fundamental and higher-order rf waves play an important role depending on the spatial configuration and geometrical structure of the electrodes mounted on the WBM with a cylindrical structure. The physical prospect in the calibration procedure of feedthrough electrodes is improved in terms of the signal transmission characteristics over the frequency region. In this report, the modal analyses and experimental investigations of the signal transmission characteristics in the WBM are described in detail. An alternative method of gain calibration for each electrode is also demonstrated.
Diffraction enhanced imaging utilizing a laser produced x-ray source
Authors: Oliver M. , Allen C. H. , Divol L. , Karmiol Z. , Landen O. L. , Ping Y. , Wallace R. , Schölmerich M. , Theobald W. , Döppner T. , White T. G. 
Published: September 2022

Image formation by Fresnel diffraction utilizes both absorption and phase-contrast to measure electron density profiles. The low spatial and spectral coherence requirements allow the technique to be performed with a laser-produced x-ray source coupled with a narrow slit. This makes it an excellent candidate for probing interfaces between materials at extreme conditions, which can only be generated at large-scale laser or pulsed power facilities. Here, we present the results from a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating an effective ∼2 μm laser-generated source at the OMEGA Laser Facility. This was achieved using slits of 1 × 30 μm2 and 2 × 40 μm2 geometry, which were milled into 30 μm thick Ta plates. Combining these slits with a vanadium He-like 5.2 keV source created a 1D imaging system capable of micrometer-scale resolution. The principal obstacles to achieving an effective 1 μm source are the slit tilt and taper—where the use of a tapered slit is necessary to increase the alignment tolerance. We demonstrate an effective source size by imaging a 2 ± 0.2 μm radius tungsten wire.
Communication: Electronic transition of the l–C6+ cation at 417 nm
Authors: Colley Jason E. , Orr Dylan S. , Duncan Michael A. 
Published: September 2022

A new electronic transition is reported for the linear C6+ cation with an origin at 416.8 nm. This spectrum can be compared to the matrix isolation spectra at lower energies reported previously by Fulara et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 123, 044305 (2005)], which assigned linear and cyclic isomers, and to the gas phase spectrum reported previously by Campbell and Dunk [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 90, 103101 (2019)], which detected the same cyclic-isomer spectrum reported by Fulara. Comparisons to electronically excited states and vibrations predicted by various forms of theory allow assignment of the spectrum to a new electronic state of linear C6+. The spectrum consists of a strong origin band, two vibronic progression members at higher energy and four hot bands at lower energies. The hot bands provide the first gas phase information on ground state vibrational frequencies. The vibrational and electronic structure of C6+ provide a severe challenge to computational chemistry.
Neumann’s principle based eigenvector approach for deriving non-vanishing tensor elements for nonlinear optics
Authors: Wu Zishan , Xiong Wei 
Published: September 2022

Physical properties are commonly represented by tensors, such as optical susceptibilities. The conventional approach of deriving non-vanishing tensor elements of symmetric systems relies on the intuitive consideration of positive/negative sign flipping after symmetry operations, which could be tedious and prone to miscalculation. Here, we present a matrix-based approach that gives a physical picture centered on Neumann’s principle. The principle states that symmetries in geometric systems are adopted by their physical properties. We mathematically apply the principle to the tensor expressions and show a procedure with clear physical intuition to derive non-vanishing tensor elements based on eigensystems. The validity of the approach is demonstrated by examples of commonly known second and third-order nonlinear susceptibilities of chiral/achiral surfaces, together with complicated scenarios involving symmetries such as D6 and Oh symmetries. We then further applied this method to higher-rank tensors that are useful for 2D and high-order spectroscopy. We also extended our approach to derive nonlinear tensor elements with magnetization, which is critical for measuring spin polarization on surfaces for quantum information technologies. A Mathematica code based on this generalized approach is included that can be applied to any symmetry and higher order nonlinear processes.
Uncoupling the Hsp90 and DnaK chaperone activities revealed the in vivo relevance of their collaboration in bacteria
Authors: Corteggiani Marie , Bossuet-Greif Nadège , Nougayrède Jean-Philippe , Byrne Deborah , Ilbert Marianne , Dementin Sébastien , Giudici-Orticoni Marie-Thérèse , Méjean Vincent , Oswald Eric , Genest Olivier 
Published: September 2022

Chaperone proteins are essential in all living cells to ensure protein homeostasis. Hsp90 is a major adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent chaperone highly conserved from bacteria to eukaryotes. Recent studies have shown that bacterial Hsp90 is essential in some bacteria in stress conditions and that it participates in the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. In vitro, bacterial Hsp90 directly interacts and collaborates with the Hsp70 chaperone DnaK to reactivate model substrate proteins; however, it is still unknown whether this collaboration is relevant in vivo with physiological substrates. Here, we used site-directed mutagenesis on Hsp90 to impair DnaK binding, thereby uncoupling the chaperone activities. We tested the mutants in vivo in two bacterial models in which Hsp90 has known physiological functions. We found that the Hsp90 point mutants were defective to support (1) growth under heat stress and activation of an essential Hsp90 client in the aquatic bacterium
Shewanella oneidensis
and (2) biosynthesis of the colibactin toxin involved in the virulence of pathogenic
Escherichia coli
. Our study therefore demonstrates the essentiality of the direct collaboration between Hsp90 and DnaK in vivo in bacteria to support client folding. It also suggests that this collaboration already functional in bacteria has served as an evolutionary basis for a more complex Hsp70–Hsp90 collaboration found in eukaryotes.