bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Photocatalytic Performance through the Construction of a Supramolecular Organic Framework
Authors: Xu Weiquan , Chao Jin‐Yu , Tang Bohan , Li Zhan‐Ting , Xu Jiang‐Fei , Zhang Xi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA supramolecular organic framework‐type photocatalyst, named TM‐SOF, is constructed by the self‐assembly of cucurbit[8]uril and a tetra‐arm monomer containing four N, N’‐dimethyl 2,5‐bis(4‐pyridinium)thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole (MPT) moieties. Benefiting from the multivalent assembly, a photocatalytically active supramolecular MPT dimer can be stably formed in TM‐SOF. In addition, TM‐SOF exhibits better stability against temperature, substrate, and light irradiation. As a result, TM‐SOF shows a significantly improved performance for the photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of aryl boronic acids and thioethers. It is anticipated that this line of research will provide a facile approach for fabricating high‐performance supramolecular photocatalysis systems.
Awareness and attitudes of oncology specialists toward dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase testing in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sukkarieh Hatouf H. , AlSagoor Turki , Alnuhait Mohammed , Bustami Rami , Bryson Scott , Adem Fatima Mohammed Kebir , Abdalla Hana , Karbani Gulsan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundFluoropyrimidines (FP) are among the most common class of prescribed anti‐neoplastic drugs. This class has severe to moderate toxicity in around 10%–40% of those who take 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) or capecitabine for the treatment of cancer. In practice many patients with severe toxicities from FP use had dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) enzyme deficiency. Several studies have proposed DPD screening before treatment with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and capecitabine or other drugs belonging to the FP group. This study aims to assess the level of awareness and attitudes of oncology specialists in Saudi Arabia toward genetic screening for DPD prior to giving FP. This highlights the importance of health guidelines required for implementation in our health care system, as a framework to adopt testing as a regular practice in clinical care. Based on the findings in this study, guidelines have been suggested for the Middle East North Africa region.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey study was conducted during 2021 targeting oncologists and clinical pharmacists working in the oncology departments across Saudi Arabia.ResultsA total of 130 oncologists and pharmacists completed the questionnaire representing a response rate of 87%. Most of the respondents indicated that they prescribe FP in clinical practice, but 41% of respondents reported that they have never ordered a specific molecular test during their practice. Only 20% of respondents reported that they often screen for DPD deficiency prior to prescribing FP. Significantly higher rates of awareness of potential dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene (DPYD) mutation were observed among respondents in governmental hospitals (81.1% vs. 47.4% in private hospitals), and among those with more years of practice (80.6% if 5 or more years of practice vs. 59.3% if less than 5 years of practice). Also, higher rates of observing the impact of DPD testing were present among respondents with a PharmD (35% vs. 11% for oncologists and 18% for other professions) and among those with 5 or more years of practice (24.6% vs. 7.7% among those with less than 5 years).ConclusionWhile in some institutions there is a high level of awareness among oncology specialists in Saudi Arabia regarding the effect of the potentially serious DPD enzyme deficiency as a result of gene mutations, screening for these mutations prior to prescribing FP is not a routine practice in hospitals across the country. The findings of this study should promote personalized medicine with recognition of interpatient variability via DPD testing to manage the risks of FP prescribing more effectively in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ground‐State Photoelectron Circular Dichroism of Methyl p‐Tolyl Sulfoxide by Single‐Photon Ionisation from a Table‐Top Source
Authors: Waters Max D. J. , Ladda Nicolas , Senftleben Arne , Svoboda Vít , Belozertsev Mikhail , Baumert Thomas , Wörner Hans Jakob 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSingle‐photon ionisation of enantiopure methyl p‐tolyl sulfoxide by circularly polarised light at 133 nm shows remarkably strong photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD), which has been measured in a velocity‐map‐imaging spectrometer. Both enantiomers were measured, each showing a PECD of a similar magnitude (ca. 25 %). These experiments were carried out with a tabletop high‐harmonic source with a photon energy of 9.3 eV, capable of ionising the electronic ground state of most organic and inorganic molecules. Ab‐initio scattering calculations provide a theoretical value of the expected chiral asymmetry parameter, and agree very well with the measured values once orbital mixing via configuration interaction in the cation is taken into account. This study demonstrates a simple photoionisation scheme that can be readily applied to study the time‐resolved PECD of photochemical reactions and suggests a pronounced sensitivity of PECD to electronic configuration interaction in the cation.
MiR‐192‐5p/RB1/NF‐κBp65 signaling axis promotes IL‐10 secretion during gastric cancer EMT to induce Treg cell differentiation in the tumour microenvironment
Authors: Song Jialin , Lin Zaihuan , Liu Qing , Huang Sihao , Han Lei , Fang Yan , Zhong Panyi , Dou Rongzhang , Xiang Zhenxian , Zheng Jinsen , Zhang Xinyao , Wang Shuyi , Xiong Bin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundRegulatory T (Treg) cells are important components of the tumour microenvironment (TME) that play roles in gastric cancer (GC) metastasis. Although tumour cells that undergo epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulate Treg cell function, their regulatory mechanism in GC remains unclear.MethodsThe miR‐192‐5p was identified by examining three Gene Expression Omnibus GC miRNA expression datasets. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual‐luciferase reporter assays were conducted to identify interactions between miR‐192‐5p and RB1. The role of miR‐192‐5p/RB1 in GC progression was evaluated based on EdU incorporation, wound healing and Transwell assays. An in vitro co‐culture assay was performed to measure the effect of miR‐192‐5p/RB1 on Treg cell differentiation. In vivo experiments were conducted to explore the role of miR‐192‐5p in GC progression and Treg cell differentiation.ResultsMiR‐192‐5p was overexpressed in tumour and was associated with poor prognosis in GC. MiR‐192‐5p bound to the RB1 3′‐untranslated region, resulting in GC EMT, proliferation, migration and invasion. MiR‐192‐5p/RB1 mediated interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) secretion by regulating nuclear factor‐kappaBp65 (NF‐κBp65), affecting Treg cell differentiation. NF‐κBp65, in turn, promoted miR‐192‐5p expression and formed a positive feedback loop. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed that miR‐192‐5p/RB1 promotes GC growth and Treg cell differentiation.ConclusionCollectively, our studies indicate that miR‐192‐5p/RB1 promotes EMT of tumour cells, and the miR‐192‐5p/RB1/NF‐κBp65 signaling axis induces Treg cell differentiation by regulating IL‐10 secretion in GC. Our results suggest that targeting miR‐192‐5p/RB1/NF‐κBp65 /IL‐10 may pave the way for the development of new immune treatments for GC.
Copper‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction to Construct Fluorinated Indole‐quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones and Their Biological Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Letian , Yang Yong , Zhang Pengfei , Chen Chao , Shen Chao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA practical and mild three‐component reaction of indoles, quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones, and CF3SO2Na is disclosed for the facile access of various 3‐[2‐(trifluoromethyl)1H‐indol‐3‐yl]quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones using low‐cost and catalytic amount of CuF2 as the catalyst. This strategy exhibits high site‐selectivity, step economy, and broad substrates scope. Synthetic utility was demonstrated by the one‐pot two‐step synthesis of N‐alkyl triazoles compounds via a click chemistry. To evaluate the antiproliferative activity of these compounds, A549 s (human lung adenocarcinoma cells) and HUVECs, as a model of toxicity, were used in MTT assay. The outcomes disclosed for 6‐CO2Me and a N‐alkyl triazole derivatives were of potent antiproliferative effect against A549 s (IC50 = 4.7 and 14.9 μM, respectively) with slight cytotoxicity in HUVECs. Morphological study was conducted by AO/EB dual staining, indicated hydrochloride 6‐CO2Me derivative was capable of inducing apoptosis of A549 cells.
Cobalt Porphyrin‐Catalysed Synthesis of Azobenzenes by Dehydrogenative Coupling of Anilines
Authors: Damiano Caterina , Cavalleri Matteo , Panza Nicola , Gallo Emma 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe demand for azobenzenes has exponentially grown due to their wide range of applications in textile, medical, and dye industries. Here we report a procedure to synthesise azobenzenes by the dehydrogenative coupling of anilines in the presence of CoII(TPP) (TPP=dianion of tetraphenyl porphyrin) catalyst and 4‐nitrophenyl azide oxidant species. Differently substituted azobenzenes were obtained in yields up to 72 % together with 4‐nitrophenyl amine, which is the stoichiometric by‐product of the process. The procedure displayed a good sustainability due to the almost quantitative recovery of pure 4‐nitrophenyl amine that can be transformed again into the desired azide to pave the way for an efficient circular process. Experimental data supported the occurrence of a radical mechanism mediated by putative nitrene radical cobalt intermediate.
Adapting integrative cognitive‐affective therapy for adolescents with full and subthreshold bulimia nervosa: A feasibility study
Authors: Lebow Jocelyn , Sim Leslie , Wonderlich Stephen , Peterson Carol B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntegrative Cognitive Affective Therapy (ICAT) is an empirically supported treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN) in adults. However, it is unclear whether a modified version, Integrative Cognitive Affective Therapy–Adolescent (ICAT‐A) is feasible and beneficial for adolescents. This study evaluated the feasibility of ICAT‐A for adolescents with BN or subthreshold BN.MethodsEight adolescents with BN or subthreshold BN (mean age = 16.1) were enroled in the study. At baseline and end of treatment, adolescents who participated in ICAT‐A completed the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) and self‐report measures of eating disorder symptoms, depression, anxiety, self‐esteem and functional impairment.ResultsRetention for the intervention (75%) suggests that the majority of participants found the intervention acceptable. Although all treatment completers participated in the clinician‐administered assessment (EDE), compliance with end of treatment self‐report questionnaires was compromised by the COVID‐19 pandemic, which occurred during the treatment course of the majority of the sample. At the end of treatment, all 6 adolescents who completed the ICAT‐A intervention were in full eating disorder remission based on EDE scores, with large effect sizes identified for reductions in EDE global scores (d = 2.71), objective binge episodes (d = 0.91), subjective binge episodes (d = 1.06) and compensatory behaviours (d = 1.72).ConclusionResults suggest that ICAT‐A is a feasible treatment that has promise for the treatment of adolescents with BN. Future studies are necessary to establish the efficacy of ICAT‐A for adolescent BN.
Deriving a prediction model for emergency cesarean delivery following induction of labor in singleton term pregnancies
Authors: Dorwal Manisha , Yadav Garima , Singh Pratibha , Kathuria Priyanka , Gothwal Meenakshi , Ghuman Navdeep Kaur , Shekhar Shashank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo derive a prediction model combining various clinical factors associated with increased risk of emergency cesarean section following induction of labor in women with unfavorable cervix.MethodsAll women with singleton term pregnancies undergoing induction of labor and fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in this cross‐sectional study after supplying consent. Women with a Bishop score of 6 or less were induced with dinoprostone gel. Multiple regression analysis was used to find the most significant independent predictive factors and these factors were used to develop the predictive model and calculator.ResultsAfter multiple logistic regression, risk of emergency cesarean after induction of labor was significantly associated with the following variables: height (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.955, P = 0.033), nulliparity (aOR 3.987, P < 0.001), closed cervix (aOR 2.030, P = 0.030), fetal station −3 above ischial spine (aOR 2.719, P = 0.043), firm or medium cervical consistency (aOR 2.028, P = 0.004), cervical length 3 cm or longer (aOR 3.090, P = 0.015), posterior cervix (aOR 2.112, P = 0.002).ConclusionUse of a prediction model would help to reduce the number of emergency cesarean sections secondary to unsuccessful inductions and help in the reduction of maternal and perinatal morbidity.
Quantum‐dot color conversion towards white‐balanced healthy displays: Theoretical and simulation study
Authors: Xu Sheng , Lin Xinyu , Zhang Xiang , Chen Enguo , Ye Yun , Guo Tailiang , Yan Qun Frank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractQuantum‐dot (QD) color conversion (QDCC) has the inherent advantages of high color purity and adjustable spectral peak, and spectral symmetry, which is favorable to healthy displays. In this paper, a theoretical design for QDCC white balance in healthy displays is proposed to achieve both high light conversion efficiency (LCE) and low blue light intensity (BLI). Based on the defined logical channels for QDCC model and the optimal criterion of the QD's dosage factor (DoF), the key design parameters of the red and green QDCC sub‐pixels are first obtained, including the QD concentration and the color conversion layer thickness. Then, according to the requirements of three‐primary‐color flux for white‐balanced display, the luminous area of three‐primary‐color sub‐pixels can be adjusted to achieve the white balance of the healthy display. Finally, by combining the above theoretical analysis and design approach, a theoretical formula is recommended for white‐balanced healthy displays with high luminous efficiency and low BLI. The white balance method is verified by theoretical derivation and optical simulation. Results show that the method can not only guide the structural design of the QDCC from the theoretical level but also ensure high LCE and low BLI for three‐primary‐color sub‐pixels. The target white balance can be well achieved by adjusting the area ratio of three‐primary‐color sub‐pixels to 3.94:5.06:1, and the color coordinates and the color temperature are (0.313, 0.3206) and 6552 K, respectively. This study provides a useful exploration of QDCC white balance design for next‐generation healthy displays with high conversion efficiency and low BLI.
Surgical management of pediatric salivary malignant tumors—A single‐center cohort study
Authors: Lopez Joseph , Chen Yu Han , Eagan Alana , Fitzgerald Conall , Woods Robbie , Wong Richard , Shah Jatin , Ganly Ian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to report incidence, clinicopathologic behavior, management, and outcome of pediatric patients treated surgically for salivary gland (SG) malignancies.MethodsPatients who underwent surgery for SG malignancies from 1985 to 2015 were identified. Clinical, pathological, treatment and outcomes data were collected. Disease‐specific survival (DSS), recurrence‐free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were calculated using Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsTwenty‐eight pediatric patients were included. The most common histopathological types were mucoepidermoid (n = 18, 64.3%), acinic cell (n = 7, 25.0%), adenoid cystic (n = 2, 7.1%), and adenocarcinoma (n = 1, 3.6%). Surgical approach varied and ranged from superficial parotidectomy (n = 11, 39.3%) to partial maxillectomy (n = 6, 21.4%). Nine patients (32%) required postoperative radiotherapy. DSS, OS, and RFS probability at 5 years were 96.4%, 96.4%, and 89.3%, respectively.ConclusionPediatric SG malignancies are rare and have favorable outcome at 5 years. Larger, multi‐institutional studies are required to better understand the natural history of these rare tumors.
Gastrointestinal Motility and Response to Levodopa in Parkinson's Disease: A Proof‐of‐Concept Study
Authors: Safarpour Delaram , Brumbach Barbara H. , Arena Monica , Quinn Joseph , Diamond Sarah , Nutt Jay G. , Pfeiffer RonaldF. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSimultaneous measurement of gastrointestinal transit time (GITT) and plasma levodopa concentration (PLC) is crucial to understanding the effect of dysfunctional motility on levodopa response in patients with Parkinson's disease (PwPD).ObjectiveThe aim is to determine if altered segmental GITT correlates with clinical response and PLC variability in PwPD.MethodsTen typical and 10 erratic responders ingested the SmartPill (SP) wireless motility capsule. Serial PLC and finger tapping, obtained every 30 minutes for 3 hours after SP/levodopa ingestion, evaluated the correlation between GITT, clinical response, and PLC. Glucose breath testing assessed small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO).ResultsGITT was not significantly different in “typical” and “erratic” responders. SIBO was positive in half of the erratic and negative in most typical responders.ConclusionSP is a feasible technology for assessing GITT in PwPD. A larger study may be able to significantly differentiate/correlate GITT in different segments of the GI tract with response to levodopa. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Repeatability of B1+ inhomogeneity correction of volumetric (3D) glutamate CEST via High‐permittivity dielectric padding at 7T
Authors: Jacobs Paul S. , Benyard Blake , Cember Abigail , Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Cao Quy , Tisdall M. Dylan , Wilson Neil , Das Sandhitsu , Davis Kathryn A. , Detre John , Roalf David , Reddy Ravinder 
Published: August 2022

PurposeUltra‐high field MR imaging lacks B1+ inhomogeneity due to shorter RF wavelengths used at higher field strengths compared to human anatomy. CEST techniques tend to be highly susceptible to B1+ inhomogeneities due to a high and uniform B1+ field being necessary to create the endogenous contrast. High‐permittivity dielectric pads have seen increasing usage in MR imaging due to their ability to tailor the spatial distribution of the B1+ field produced. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that dielectric materials can be used to improve glutamate weighted CEST (gluCEST) at 7T.Theory and MethodsGluCEST images were acquired on a 7T system on six healthy volunteers. Aqueous calcium titanate pads, with a permittivity of approximately 110, were placed on either side in the subject′s head near the temporal lobes. A post‐processing correction algorithm was implemented in combination with dielectric padding to compare contrast improvement. Tissue segmentation was performed to assess the effect of dielectric pads on gray and white matter separately.ResultsGluCEST images demonstrated contrast enhancement in the lateral temporal lobe regions with dielectric pad placement. Tissue segmentation analysis showed an increase in correction effectiveness within the gray matter tissue compared to white matter tissue. Statistical testing suggested a significant difference in gluCEST contrast when pads were used and showed a difference in the gray matter tissue segment.ConclusionThe use of dielectric pads improved the B1+ field homogeneity and enhanced gluCEST contrast for all subjects when compared to data that did not incorporate padding.
Mass spectrometry detection of monkeypox virus: Comprehensive coverage for ranking the most responsive peptide markers
Authors: Lozano Clément , Grenga Lucia , Gallais Fabrice , Miotello Guylaine , Bellanger Laurent , Armengaud Jean 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe recent and sudden outbreak of monkeypox in numerous non‐endemic countries requires expanding its surveillance immediately and understanding its origin and spread. As learned from the COVID‐19 pandemic, appropriate detection techniques are crucial to achieving such a goal. Mass spectrometry has the advantages of a rapid response, low analytical interferences, better precision, and easier multiplexing to detect various pathogens and their variants. In this proteomic dataset, we report experimental data on the proteome of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) recorded by state‐of‐the‐art shotgun proteomics, including data‐dependent and data‐independent acquisition for comprehensive coverage. We highlighted 152 viral proteins, corresponding to an overall proteome coverage of 79.5 %. Among the 1371 viral peptides detected, 35 peptides with the most intense signals in mass spectrometry were selected, representing a subset of 13 viral proteins. Their relevance as potential candidate markers for virus detection by targeted mass spectrometry is discussed. This report should assist the rapid development of mass spectrometry‐based tests to detect a pathogen of increasing concern.
Effective Theory of Warped Compactifications and the Implications for KKLT
Authors: Lüst Severin , Randall Lisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe argue that effective actions for warped compactifications can be subtle, with large deviations in the effective potential from naive expectations owing to constraint equations from the higher‐dimensional metric. We demonstrate this deviation in a careful computation of the effective potential for the conifold deformation parameter of the Klebanov‐Strassler solution. The uncorrected naive effective potential for the conifold was previously used to argue that the Klebanov‐Strassler background would be destabilized by antibranes placed at the conifold infrared tip unless the flux was uncomfortably large. We show this result is too strong because the formerly neglected constraint equations eliminate the features of the potential that allowed for the instability in the de Sitter uplift of the KKLT scenario.
Identification of potential sex determination genes and functional analyses in Neoseiulus californicus under prey stress
Authors: Zhu Rui , Guo Jianjun , Li Gang , Liu Rundong , Yi Tianci , Jin Daochao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhytoseiid mites are important natural enemies of spider mites. Sex‐determination mechanism are important basic scientific issues in the reproduction and evolution of predatory mites. Clarifying sex‐determination mechanism may provide reference for exploring genetic approach to have the phytoseiid mites produce more female offspring, which could improve their effectiveness as a biological control agent.RESULTSWe used transcriptome sequencing to identify and characterize 20 putative sex‐determination genes in the phytoseiid mite Neoseiulus californicus, a species with uncommon pseudo‐arrhenotoky, including doublesex‐like (dsx1‐like), transformer‐2 (tra‐2), intersex (ix), and fruitless‐like (BTB2). A significant negative correlation was found between prey stress and offspring sex ratio. But the most genes identified showed no difference in expression between the groups with lowest and highest female offspring ratios. The hatching rate and sex ratio of female offspring were reduced when the ix gene was silenced, and the oviposition days and fecundity were reduced when the BTB2 gene was silenced. The fecundity was reduced when the tra2 gene was silenced and the snf gene is essential for oviposition in female. There was no effect on reproduction and female sex determination when silencing the dsx1‐like and dsx2‐like gene.CONCLUSIONThe genes BTB2, tra2 and snf are involved in oviposition, and ix may be involved in female sex determination and egg formation in Neoseiulus californicus. The results are conductive to further understanding molecular regulatory mechanism of sex determination in predatory mites and may provide a reference for better use of this predatory by producing more females. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.