bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Images in the Glonggong Trilogy (Glonggong, Arumdalu, and Dasamuka Novels) By Junaedi Setiyono
Authors: Rahmaditya Khadifa Abdul Rozzaq Wijaya  , Sumarlam  , Djatmika  
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The objective of this research is to describe types of images and their functions in the Glonggong trilogy. The trilogy consists of Glonggong, Arumdalu, and Dasamuka novels. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the data source is the Glonggong trilogy (Glonggong, Arumdalu, and Dasamuka). The research data were obtained from the phrases, clauses, sentences, or utterances in the trilogy. The data collection techniques used the observation and note-taking technique. The data analysis used an equivalent method and its basic technique is the determining element sorting technique (PUP). The sorting power in this method used a referential sorting power. Language references are designated by objects, goods, objects, actions, events, actions occurring in nature, quality, state, degree, number, and so on beyond the language, or independent things beyond the language. The results indicate that the images in the trilogy include (i) visual images, (ii) olfactory images, (iii) motion images, (iv) eroticism images, and (v) tactile images. The given functions of each image are (i) to provide a clear picture, (ii) to create a special atmosphere, (iii) to make (more) vivid images in the mind and senses, and (iv) to attract attention.

Keywords: Figurative Language; Images; Stylistics; Novel
Reflections on the use of qualitative case study design in education policy research: contributing to the debate of Generalisation in research
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammed Gunu , M. Victoria Door 
Published: November 2022

Researchers across the disciplines use different designs in the quest to authentically reflect the phenomena they investigate. One design claiming to capture the lived experiences of individuals in an appropriate way is qualitative-case study. This article focuses on generalisability of qualitative case study research findings by reflecting on educational policy research conducted in Ghana to explore the lived experiences of students, teachers and school managers in Ghanaian high schools, with an eye to the potential of positive behaviour management in that specific West African context. The claim made here is that generalisation from individual case studies is both possible and worth doing in so far as the theoretical underpinning is well grounded. This research seeks to justify the use of qualitative-case-study research in educational policy research. The distinctiveness of this methodological approach lies in its ability to generalise the findings.
Análise das imagens de campanhas sobre prevenção do suicídio na adolescência: estudo qualitativo
Authors: Fernandes de Oliveira Thaíssa , Manoela Condeixa Corrêa Nathalia , Cordeiro Burla de Aguiar Rosane , Dimas de Oliveira Joseph , Dorneles da Silveira Ana Luiza 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: analisar as imagens veiculadas nas campanhas de prevenção do suicídio realizadas pelos órgãos representativos da área da saúde de países da América Latina. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa ancorado na perspectiva da análise de imagem. O corpus textual foram cartazes de campanhas de prevenção ao suicídio de organizações governamentais e não governamentais representativas da América Latina. Os dados foram coletados e organizados à luz das etapas da análise de imagem. Resultados: foram analisados seis cartazes que fez emergir 9 subtemas que construíram um único tema: Prevenção ao suicídio, sendo esse o princípio do conhecimento difundido. Conclusão: as mensagens veiculadas abordam os principais assuntos que envolvem a temática e pontos importantes de serem trabalhados pela enfermagem e demais profissionais de saúde através de signos icônicos, plásticos e linguísticos que dialogam com o público de adolescentes, contribuindo para a construção de futuros cartazes de prevenção do suicídio.
Tawhid-Based Green Learning in Islamic Higher Education: An Insan Kamil Character Building
Authors: Masturin Masturin , Ritonga Mhd. Rasid , Amaroh Siti 
Published: November 2022

<p>This study aims to integrate green learning into the curriculum and proposes a holistic conceptual framework for Islamic higher education. This study used a qualitative-thematic approach and collected data through structured interviews with four informants from Islamic higher education institutions with green campus programs who were selected through snowball sampling. The results revealed that the green campus had been implemented in several ways, including the vision and governance of the campus environment, the appropriate waste management, research, and community service, and the learning process in several courses, either explicitly regulated in the written curriculum or implicitly taught in the hidden curriculum. One of the goals of implementing a green campus is to provide insight to students, lecturers, and other higher education communities about the importance of a sustainable environment through the learning process as a provision when living in a society. In addition, Islamic higher education has budgeted funds for green campus development, although it is limited because it strictly competes with funds allocations for other required campus development. For this reason, the researchers propose <em>Tawhid</em>-Based Green Learning, a conceptual framework for developing Islamic higher education responsive to the natural environment, which is reflected in the vision, mission, goals, learning materials, quality assurance, and outcomes. The concern for the environment based on <em>tawhid </em>(monotheism) integrated into the curriculum is also a form of human piety, and Islamic higher education has the task of producing graduates who have <em>insan kamil </em>personalities. As an implication, Islamic higher education must contribute to reducing the impact of global warming through <em>tawhid</em>-based green learning included in curriculum and lecture materials.</p>
The role of Adipocytokines, Vitamin D, and C in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Mustafa Akam Jasim , Balaky Hazhar M. , Ismail Parween Abdulsamad 
Published: November 2022

يعد سرطان القولون و المستقيم ثالث أكثر الأورام الخبيثة انتشارًا في العالم ورابع أكثر أنواع السرطانات شيوعًا في العراق. اللبتين و الأديبونكتين هما نوعان من السيتوكينات الشحمية الرئيسية التي تنتجها الخلايا الدهنية التي لها تأثيرات معاكسة على تكوين أورام القولون والمستقيم. اللبتين يحفز نمو الورم وانتشاره، بينما الأديبونكتين يمنع نمو الورم. ١،٢٥- ديهيدروكسي فيتامين د يتحكم ويحد من تكاثر الخلايا السرطانية والتمايز والبقاء على قيد الحياة. من ناحية أخرى، تم اكتشاف نقص فيتامين سي بانتظام في الأنسجة السرطانية وله خصائص قوية مضادة للسرطان. الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم التأثير الكيميائي الحيوي لمستويات أديبوسيتوكينات (اللبتين والأديبونكتين) في الدورة الدموية، وكذلك التأثيرات المضادة للسرطان لفيتامينات د وسي في مرضى سرطان القولون و المستقيم العراقيين. يركز البحث على الحالات المؤكدة المصابة بسرطان القولون والمستقيم الذين شوهدوا في مستشفى ناناكالي لأمراض الدم والسرطان في أربيل قبل جلسات العلاج. تم تشخيص ٣٥ مريضا المؤكد إصابتهم بسرطان القولون و المستقيم و ٣٦ شخصا من الاصحاء كمجموعة ضابطة المتطابقين من العمر والجنس و مؤشر كتلة الجسم. تم استخدام تقنية إليزأ لقياس مستويات اللبتين، الأديبونكتين، فيتامين د وفيتامين سي في المصل. أظهرت النتائج زيادة معنوية (ف القيمة<0,001) في مستوى الأديبونكتين (١،٥٩±١٢،٠٦) في دم المصابين بسرطان القولون و المستقيم بالنسبة إلى مستوياته في مجموعة ضابطة (٩٦، ٠± ٠٥، ٢). على العكس من ذلك، كان مستوى اللبتين في المصل أقل بشكل ملحوظ(ف القيمة<0,098) في مرضى سرطان القولون والمستقيم (٢،٩٢±٢٤،٠٩)مقارنة بمجموعة الضوابط (٥٤ ،١±٨٤ ،٥٣). علاوة على ذلك، كانت مستويات فيتامين د في الدم (١٣،١٤ ± ١،٢١) و فيتامين سي (١،٠٣ ± ٠،١) في مرضى سرطان القولون و المستقيم أقل بشكل ملحوظ (ف القيمة<0,001) مقارنة بمجموعة الضوابط (٢٤،٤٩ ± ١،٤٧ & ٥،٧٨ ± ٢،١٦)، على التوالي. وتشير نتائج الدراسة الحالية إلى دور كيميائي حيوي الحتمي لـأديبوسيتوكينات (اللبتين و الأديبونكتين) و خلل الأنسجة الدهنية في التسبب في مرضى سرطان القولون و المستقيم. إلى جانب ذلك، فإن انخفاض مستويات فيتامين د و سي في المصل يضعف آثارهما القوية المضادة للأورام ويسمح بالبقاء على قيد الحياة وتطور الأورام الخبيثة في القولون والمستقيم. وكما أن نتائج الدراسة الحالية تظهر أن (اللبتين والأديبونكتين) عوامل تنبؤية وخطورة قوية لمرض سرطان القولون والمستقيم. بالإضافة إلى أن نقص فيتامين د وفيتامين سي يعتبر من عوامل الخطر الرئيسية بين مرضى سرطان القولون والمستقيم العراقيين.
Comparison Study between Adipsin Levels in Sera of Iraqi Patients with Diabetes and Neuropathy
Authors: Farhan Layla Othman , Abed Baydaa Ahmed , Dawood AshganSlman 
Published: November 2022

الهدف من الدراسة هو تحديد مستويات الادبسين ، FBG و الكولسترول و Homa IR والانسولين و HbA1c و T.Gو HDL و LDL في أمصال مرضى السكري والاعتلال العصبي في العراق . شملت الدراسة الحالية مشاركة تسعين فردًا ، تم تقسيم المرضى إلى مجموعتين: المجموعة الأولى (30 من الذكور المصابين باعتلال الاعصاب والسكري) والمجموعة الثانية (30 من الذكور المصابين بالسكري) وتم مقارنة النتائج بمجموعة ثالثة (30 من الرجال الاصحاء ). أظهرت النتائج انخفاضًا ملحوظًا في مستويات Adipsin (p> 0.05) عند مقارنة مجموعة (Neuropathy، T2DM) مع مجموعة التحكم ، ولكن لم تحدث تغيرات كبيرة بين مجموعات المرضى (Neuropathy ، T2DM) عند المقارنة بشكل فردي ، وانخفض مستوى الأنسولين في الدم بشكل ملحوظ عند مقارنة مجموعة (Neuropathy، T2DM) مع مجموعة التحكم ، وأظهرت النتائج فرقًا كبيرًا بين مجموعات المرضى (Neuropathy ، T2DM) عند مقارنتها بشكل فردي. كانت قيمة cut off للادبسين (4510.813 ، 3967.08) عند حسابه في Neuropathy ، T2DM على التوالي ز خلصت الدراسة إلى أن Adipsin هو عامل تشخيصي لـ T2DM مع اعتلال الأعصاب.
Role of IL-37 and Dectin-1 during Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Ahmed Zahra’a A. , Idan Ekhlas M. , Ardalan Naksheen M. 
Published: November 2022

يعد داء المقوسات من الأمراض الطفيلية التي تحفز الخلايا المناعية لانتاج الحركيات الخلوية والوسائط الالتهابية المسؤولة عن حدوث الاستجابة المناعية الغير الطبيعية أو المجهضة. سلطت هذه الدراسة الضوء على تقييم مستقبلات Dectin-1 و والإنترلوكين -37 (IL-37) في مصل 80 إمراة مصابة بداء المقوسات أجهضن خلال الأشهر الثلاثة الاولى، فضلاً عن 40 إمرأة حامل في الاشهر الثلاثة الاولى وغير مصابات واستمر الحمل لديهن بنجاح (المجموعة الضابطة). في البدء تم اجراء مسح لمصل المريضات لغرض الكشف عن طبيعة الأجسام المضادة IgM و IgG للإصابة بطفيلي المقوسة الكونودية بوساطة اختبار الاليزا، ثم تم تحديد مستويات المصل لكل من IL-37 و Dectin-1. و أظهرت النتائج أن مستوى المصل من Dectin-1 قد زاد بشكل ملحوظ في جميع المرضى المصابين بداء المقوسات و الحاملين للأجسام المضادة IgM و IgG362.382 ± 45.937 و 361.916 ± 71.993 نانوغرام / لتر على التوالي، مقارنة بالمجموعة الضابطة 155.702 ± 26.356 نانوغرام / لتر. بينما كان مستوى المصل من IL-37 متقاربًا في جميع المرضى المصابين بداء المقوسات و الحاملين للاجسام المضادة IgM و IgG و كذلك مجموعة السيطرة 52.666 ± 4.272 ، 66.808 ± 9.132 و 51.984 ± 3.619 نانوغرام / لتر على التوالي ، مع عدم وجود فروق معنوية. لذلك قد يكون مستقبل Dectin-1 دورًا في فقدان الحمل خصوصاً عند الإصابة بطفيلي المقوسة الكوندية.
A gap-based dichotomization technique for outlier detection and its application to wildlife GPS data
Authors: Hirakawa Hirofumi , Muramatsu Daisuke , Gordo Marcelo , Takii Akiko , Izumiyama Shigeyuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Outliers in datasets are a concern for analysts as disturbances or signals of interest. Many techniques have been proposed for outlier detection. Some techniques label outliers as output, but others do not. The latter methods quantify data points to expose outliers but leaves their dichotomization as a task for analysts. We developed a technique to help analysts perform this task. Our technique uses value gaps between adjacent data pairs in a univariate dataset, where the data are sorted in ascending order of value. Its core process is to find the largest gap in the upper range of the dataset and remove the data above the gap as outliers; its supplementary process is to repeat the core process with the same dataset after removal. The analysts must decide when to stop this iteration. However, this iterative process leaves analysts with only a few reasonable options for the decision. We can apply this method to any dataset, such as a time series or multivariate dataset, if its data points are quantified to expose outliers in a ratio scale univariate dataset. We demonstrate how to implement this technique using wildlife GPS data and discuss the uniqueness and usefulness of the approach.
What can we do to prevent knee osteoarthritis? Evidence from a genetically informed perspective
Authors: Xu Jiawen , Li Shuai , Zeng Yi , Si Haibo , Wu Yuangang , Zhang Shaoyun , Shen Bin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:Current knowledge of the nature and treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) have shown that an effective prevention strategy and treatment to identify and avoid risk factors in the early stage of KOA are required. Therefore, we hope to be able to determine some modifiable risk factors for KOA through MR analysis from a genetically informed perspective to achieve early prevention to reduce the prevalence of KOA in the population.
Methods:In our research, we used a series of quality control steps to identify eligible instrumental SNPs that were strongly related to exposure. We used numerous dependable analytical methods (Inverse-variance weighting, MR-PRESSO method, weighted median, MR–Egger regression, and MR. RAPS method) that consist of two MR extrapolation hypotheses to make our conclusions more robust and credible. The MR–Egger intercept test, Cochran’s Q test, and “leave-one-out” sensitivity analysis were performed to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities, and stability of these genetic variants on KOA. Outlier variants identified by the MR-PRESSO outlier test were removed step-by-step to reduce heterogeneity and the effect of horizontal pleiotropy.
Results:Through double sample MR analysis, we found that there was a causal relationship between obesity and KOA, and obesity was positively correlated with the incidence of KOA (IVW: beta (95% CI), 0.144 (0.089, 0.199); OR (95% CI) 1.155 (1.093, 1.221); p =3.09e-7). The genetic predisposition to smoking was associated with a decreased risk of KOA (IVW: beta (95% CI), 0.178 (0.045, 0.311); OR (95% CI), 1.195 (1.046, 1.365); p =0.008). Based on the IVW model, there was a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and KOA (IVW: beta (95% CI), 0.347 (0.003, 0.692); OR (95% CI) 1.416 (1.003, 1.998); p =0.047).
Conclusion: Our two-sample MR analysis confirmed that some controllable risk factors (smoking, drinking and obesity) can lead to KOA from a genetic point of view, which provides an important clue for the prevention and treatment of KOA.
Integrating meta-analysis and visual analysis to evaluate the validity of different therapies for patients with schizophrenia
Authors: bai tingting , Ling Ling , Sono Tamaki , Hisanaga Fumie , Zhang Jinlian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Meta-analysis and visual analysis were applied to evaluate the effectiveness of different therapies on the improvement of symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.
Methods
PubMed, China Knowledge Network, Wan-fang, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles published till June 2022. Relevant randomized trials were collected using search terms. Basic characteristics of patients, intervention protocols, and outcome indicators were extracted from the literature, and change values were calculated by extracting information on intervention endpoints and follow-up endpoints. Two investigators performed independent screening of the literature, followed by data extraction and risk of bias evaluation of included studies, after which the data were systematically evaluated and analyzed to determine the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Finally, 22 studies comprising 1709 participants compared with control conditions were selected.
Results
The meta-analysis demonstrated that combining multiple treatments significantly improved total symptoms (standardized mean difference (SMD) = − 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.56 to − 0.34), negative symptoms (SMD = − 0.32, 95% CI: −0.42 to − 0.22), positive symptoms (SMD = − 0.40, 95% CI: −0.55 to − 0.25), and general psychopathology symptoms (SMD = − 0.54, 95% CI: −0.08 to − 0.28) among patients with schizophrenia compared with the control group. Furthermore, the meta-analysis revealed that there was no obvious publication bias for total, negative, positive, and general psychopathology symptoms. Results suggested that the outcomes were reliable.
Increasing Referrals to School Counselors by Integrating an Evidence-based Program for Educators Identifying Adolescents at Risk for Suicide in a Rural High School
Authors: Holloway Wendy , Mikel Stacy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: Addressing suicide in America's youth is imperative. Teachers play an essential role in identifying and intervening with adolescents experiencing psychological distress leading to suicide. Unfortunately, teachers and staff lack professional development in addressing the identification of students in psychological distress.
Purpose:This project aimed to increase referrals to school counselors by integrating an evidence-based program for educators identifying adolescents at risk for suicide in a rural high school.
Design Method: This quantitative quality improvement project with a pre-/post-test design was implemented with referrals to the school guidance counselors before and after the program's completion were analyzed.
Conclusion: There was a significant increase in teachers and staff members' confidence in their ability to recognize when a student was exhibiting signs of psychological distress and their ability to talk to a student in psychological distress and help those students connect with the school guidance counselors.
Implications for Nursing: This project showed that implementing an evidence-based professional development program helped build teachers' and staff's skills that support early identification and intervention with students experiencing psychological distress, leading to suicide.
Policy portfolios can reduce GHG emissions in urban transport in 120 cities by 20% while improving welfare
Authors: Liotta Charlotte , Viguié Vincent , Creutzig Felix 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
City-level policies are increasingly recognized as key components of strategies to reduce transport greenhouse gas emissions. However, at a global scale, their total efficiencies, costs, and practical feasibility remain unclear. Here, we use a spatially-explicit urban economic model, systematically calibrated on 120 cities worldwide, to analyze the impact of four representative policies aiming at mitigating transportation GHG emissions, also accounting for their economic welfare impacts and health co-benefits. Applying these policies in all cities, we find that total transportation GHG emissions can be reduced by 28% in 15 years, compared with the baseline scenario. However, the consequences of the same policies vary widely between cities, with specific effects depending on the policy considered, income level, population growth rate, spatial organization, and existing public transport supply. Impacts on transport emissions span from high to almost zero, and consequences in terms of welfare can either be positive or negative. Applying only welfare-increasing policies captures most of the emission reductions: overall, they reduce emissions by 20% in 15 years. Our results highlight that there is no one-size-fits-all optimal policy to mitigate urban transport emissions but that cities can match their specific situation with a selection of mitigation policies: hence, we call for global climate mitigation models to better represent heterogeneity across cities.
Highly selective adsorption of Hg (Ⅱ) from aqueous solution by three-dimensional porous N-doped starch-based carbon
Authors: Gneg Chao , Lin Ruikang , Yang Peilin , Liu Pengfei , Guo Li , Cui Bo , fang yishan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Herein, a new 3D porous layered skeleton of N-doped starch-based carbon (3D-NC) was fabricated by one-step co-pyrolysis of natural corn starch and melamine using metal catalyst (Ni (Ⅱ) and Mn (Ⅱ)) and applied in effective removal of mercury (Ⅱ) (Hg (Ⅱ)). The 3D-NC possessed a heterogeneously meso-macroporous surface with a hierarchical connected sheet structure insider. Batch adsorption experiments suggested that Hg (Ⅱ) adsorption by the 3D-NC could be completed within 90 min and had maximum adsorption capacities as high as 403.24 mg/g at 293 K, pH = 5. The adsorption mechanism for Hg (Ⅱ) was carefully evaluated and followed the physical adsorption, electrostatic attraction, covalent coordination and chelation. Besides, thermodynamic study demonstrated that the Hg (Ⅱ) adsorption procedure was spontaneous, endothermic, and randomness. More importantly, the 3D-NC could be regenerated and recovered well after adsorption-desorption cycles, showing a promising prospect in the remediation of Hg (Ⅱ)-contaminated wastewater.
Inflammation in the peripheral blood system of Crohn's Disease
Authors: Li Dan , Gu Wenyong , Xu Han , Zhang Zhiru , Zhao Chenhao , He Chunyan , Zhu Xueming , Li Yang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation of digestive system and has a nickname “green cancer” because of its sustained alternation of periods of flares and remissions. Here, we investigated the inflammation changes in peripheral blood system of CD patients, which are less reported in China.
Methods
Peripheral blood samples of 167 CD patients and 30 healthy people, as well as their clinical information, were collected at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the ratio of CD4 T cells to CD8 T cells. Cytometric Bead Array kit was used to detect the cytokines in peripheral blood in CD patients. Moreover, the expression of inflammasomes was also detected by RT-PCR.
Results
The percentage and cell number of lymphocytes in CD patients’ peripheral blood system decreased significantly, while monocytes increased remarkably. Interestingly, there was an inversion of the CD4 T cells/CD8 T cells ratio in peripheral blood of CD patients. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α increased significantly in CD patients’ peripheral blood, and LPS stimulation aggravate inflammatory response. In addition, the expression of NLRP1 and NLRP3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of CD patients increased significantly after LPS stimulation.
Conclusions
The inflammation in peripheral blood of CD patients had significant changes, including PBMC, cytokines and inflammasomes. These results are helpful to get a deeper understanding of CD and improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment in China.