bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations in Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Assessed Using EN 14651 and Modified ASTM C1609/C1609M-19 Beam Tests
Authors: Bernard E. S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe mechanical performance of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is commonly assessed using simply-supported beam-based test methods such as ASTM C1609/C1609M-19, Standard Test Method for Flexural Toughness of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam with Third-Point Loading), and EN 14651, Test Method for Metallic Fibre Concrete - Measuring the Flexural Tensile Strength (Limit of Proportionality (LOP), Residual). These methods can be used to characterize flexural performance at first peak and in the post-crack range for specimens of FRC prepared either in the laboratory or in the field. The EN 14651 test method involves application of a central point load to a notched beam, with performance quantified as flexural strength expressed as a function of crack mouth opening displacement. The ASTM C1609/C1609M-19 test method involves application of third-point loading to a beam lacking a notch, with performance quantified as load resistance expressed as a function of central deflection. The distribution of stress differs between the two test methods, and it is difficult to directly compare post-crack performance. However, a method of calculating the crack width for a third-point loaded beam based on the measured central deflection and crack offset from the center of loading has recently been published. This method permits the post-crack performance of an ASTM C1609/C1609M-19 beam to be expressed in terms of the estimated maximum crack width without directly measuring the crack width. The current investigation examines whether post-crack flexural strengths obtained with ASTM C1609/C1609M-19 using this modified method produces equivalent performance to that obtained using EN 14651 for a given FRC mixture.
The Influence of Different B2O3 Dosage on the Rheological Properties and Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Cement Mortar
Authors: Huang Weitao , Zhang Guoxue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the influence of B2O3 dosage on the rheological properties and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar. The results showed that B2O3 slightly reduced the fluidity of geopolymer cement mortar, whereas the yield stress and plastic viscosity of geopolymer cement mortar increased with the increase of B2O3 dosage, besides the thixotropy of geopolymer cement mortar also increased. Moreover, the appropriate amount of B2O3 was found to improve the mechanical properties of the 3, 7 days geopolymer cement mortar. Compared to the specimen without B2O3, with 1 wt. % B2O3 geopolymer cement mortar, the 3, 7 days flexural strengths were increased by 18.15 % and 15.03 %, the 3, 7 days compressive strength were increased by 4.95 % and 11.28 %, respectively. Furthermore, infrared spectrum analysis indicated that the formation and propagation of the amorphous aluminosilicate gel phase were improved, which can explain the improvement in the mechanical strength with the incorporation of B2O3. Hence, it is found that the incorporation of B2O3 particles can enhance the rheological properties and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar.
Activation of Extrasynaptic Kainate Receptors Drives Hilar Mossy Cell Activity
Authors: Ramos Czarina , Lutzu Stefano , Yamasaki Miwako , Yanagawa Yuchio , Sakimura Kenji , Tomita Susumu , Watanabe Masahiko , Castillo Pablo E. 
Published: February 2022

Mossy cells (MCs) of the dentate gyrus are key components of an excitatory associative circuit established by reciprocal connections with dentate granule cells (GCs). MCs are implicated in place field encoding, pattern separation, and novelty detection, as well as in brain disorders such as temporal lobe epilepsy and depression. Despite their functional relevance, little is known about the determinants that control MC activity. Here, we examined whether MCs express functional kainate receptors (KARs), a subtype of glutamate receptors involved in neuronal development, synaptic transmission, and epilepsy. Using mouse hippocampal slices, we found that bath application of submicromolar and micromolar concentrations of the KAR agonist kainic acid induced inward currents and robust MC firing. These effects were abolished in GluK2 KO mice, indicating the presence of functional GluK2-containing KARs in MCs. In contrast to CA3 pyramidal cells, which are structurally and functionally similar to MCs and express synaptic KARs at mossy fiber (MF) inputs (i.e., GC axons), we found no evidence for KAR-mediated transmission at MF–MC synapses, indicating that most KARs at MCs are extrasynaptic. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy analyses confirmed the extrasynaptic localization of GluK2-containing KARs in MCs. Finally, blocking glutamate transporters, a manipulation that increases extracellular levels of endogenous glutamate, was sufficient to induce KAR-mediated inward currents in MCs, suggesting that MC-KARs can be activated by increases in ambient glutamate. Our findings provide the first direct evidence of functional extrasynaptic KARs at a critical excitatory neuron of the hippocampus.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHilar mossy cells (MCs) are an understudied population of hippocampal neurons that form an excitatory loop with dentate granule cells. MCs have been implicated in pattern separation, spatial navigation, and epilepsy. Despite their importance in hippocampal function and disease, little is known about how MC activity is recruited. Here, we show for the first time that MCs express extrasynaptic kainate receptors (KARs), a subtype of glutamate receptors critically involved in neuronal function and epilepsy. While we found no evidence for synaptic KARs in MCs, KAR activation induced strong action potential firing of MCs, raising the possibility that extracellular KARs regulate MC excitabilityin vivoand may also promote dentate gyrus hyperexcitability and epileptogenesis.
Strong Gamma Frequency Oscillations in the Adolescent Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Wang Zhengyang , Singh Balbir , Zhou Xin , Constantinidis Christos 
Published: February 2022

Working memory ability continues to mature into adulthood in humans and nonhuman primates. At the single-neuron level, adolescent development is characterized by increased prefrontal firing rate in the delay period, but less is known about how coordinated activity between neurons is altered. Local field potentials (LFPs) provide a window into the computations conducted by the local network. To address the effects of adolescent development on LFP activity, three male rhesus monkeys were trained to perform an oculomotor delayed response task and tested at both the adolescent and adult stages. Simultaneous single-unit and LFP signals were recorded from areas 8a and 46 of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In both the cue and delay period, power relative to baseline in the gamma frequency range (32–128 Hz) was higher in the adolescent than the adult stage. The changes between developmental stages could not be accounted for by differences in performance and were observed in more posterior as well as more anterior recording sites. In the adult stage, high-firing neurons were also more likely to reside at sites with strong gamma power increase from baseline. For both stages, the gamma power increase in the delay was selective for sites with neuron-encoding stimulus information in their spiking. Our results establish gamma power decrease to be a feature of prefrontal cortical maturation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGamma-frequency oscillations in extracellular field recordings (e.g., local field potential or EEG) are a marker of normal interactions between excitatory and inhibitory neurons in neural circuits. Abnormally low gamma power during working memory is seen in conditions such as schizophrenia. We sought to examine whether the immature prefrontal cortex similarly exhibits lower power in the gamma-frequency range during working memory, in a nonhuman primate model of adolescence. Contrary to this expectation, the adolescent PFC exhibited stronger gamma power during the maintenance of working memory. Our findings reveal an unknown developmental maturation trajectory of gamma-band oscillations, propose a refinement of information encoding during PFC maturation, and raise the possibility that schizophrenia represents an excessive state of prefrontal maturation.
The Slack Channel Regulates Anxiety-Like Behaviors via Basolateral Amygdala Glutamatergic Projections to Ventral Hippocampus
Authors: Zhang Qi , Gao Shun-Heng , Shen Zhong-Shan , Wang Yun , Hu Su-Wan , Duan Guang-Bing , Liu Ye , Zhong Dan-Ya , Liu Jing , Sun Meng-Han , Zhang Xin , Cao Tian-Yu , Cao Jun-Li , Tang Qiong-Yao , Zhang Zhe 
Published: February 2022

Anxiety disorders are a series of mental disorders characterized by anxiety and fear, but the molecular basis of these disorders remains unclear. In the present study, we find that the globalSlack KOmale mice exhibit anxious behaviors, whereas the SlackY777Hmale mice manifest anxiolytic behaviors. The expression of Slack channels is rich in basolateral amygdala (BLA) glutamatergic neurons and downregulated in chronic corticosterone-treated mice. In addition, electrophysiological data show enhanced excitability of BLA glutamatergic neurons in theSlack KOmice and decreased excitability of these neurons in theSlack Y777Hmice. Furthermore, the Slack channel deletion in BLA glutamatergic neurons is sufficient to result in enhanced avoidance behaviors, whereasKcnt1gene expression in the BLA or BLA–ventral hippocampus (vHPC) glutamatergic projections reverses anxious behaviors of theSlack KOmice. Our study identifies the role of the Slack channel in controlling anxious behaviors by decreasing the excitability of BLA–vHPC glutamatergic projections, providing a potential target for anxiolytic therapies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAnxiety disorders are a series of mental disorders characterized by anxiety and fear, but the molecular basis of these disorders remains unclear. Here, we examined the behaviors of loss- and gain-of-function of Slack channel mice in elevated plus maze and open field tests and found the anxiolytic role of the Slack channel. By altering the Slack channel expression in the specific neuronal circuit, we demonstrated that the Slack channel played its anxiolytic role by decreasing the excitability of BLA–vHPC glutamatergic projections. Our data reveal the role of the Slack channel in the regulation of anxiety, which may provide a potential molecular target for anxiolytic therapies.
Eksistensi Hak Ulayat Masyarakat Adat Dalam Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria
Authors: Arrasid Sandi Ersya 
Published: February 2022

Sebagai negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia, indonesia tentunya memiliki masyarakat dan adat budaya yang beragam, bahkan jauh sebelum kemerdekaan sudah ada masyarakat adat beserta aturan yang mengatur hidup masyarakat adat tersebut. Aturan itu mengatur seluruh aspek kehidupan masyarakat adat, bahkan juga mengatur hak atas tanah, salah satunya ada yang dinamakan dengan tanah ulayat, yaitu tanah yang terletak dalam lingkungan wilayah adat dan menjadi pendukung utama penghidupan dan kehidupan masyarakat. Setelah kemerdekaan, pemerintah mengeluarkan Undang- Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 yang mengatur tentang peraturan pokok agraria. Undang- Undang tersebut dibuat dengan berlandaskan hukum adat tentang tanah, yang sederhana dan menjamin kepastian hukum bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Namun pada era modern sekarang ini undang-undang tersebut pada pelaksanaannya justru tidak dapat melindungi Hak Ulayat. Disadari juga bahwa pengakuan hak ulayat dalam UUPA masih ambigu karena terlampau banyak persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi oleh Hak Ulayat itu sendiri. Penulis mencoba menganilisis apakah UUPA yang merupakan produk hukum lama dapat menjamin perlindungan Hak Ulayat masyarakat adat. Bukan hanya UUPA, penulis juga menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan sumber daya agraria lainnya yang melindungi Hak Ulayat.
Formulasi Konsep Shared Responsibility System Melalui Observator Agency Dalam Proses Rekrutmen Hakim Tingkat Pertama
Authors: Violita Tiara Krisma 
Published: February 2022

Konstitusi Indonesia menyatakan bahwa negara Indonesia adalah negara hukum. Conditio sine qua non atau persyaratan mutlak dalam sebuah negara yang berdasarkan hukum adalah Pengadilan yang mandiri, netral (tidak memihak), kompeten, transparan, akuntabel dan berwibawa, yang mampu menegakkan wibawa hukum, pengayoman hukum, kepastian hukum dan keadilan. Hakim sebagai aktor utama atau figur sentral dalam proses peradilan senantiasa dituntut untuk mengasah kepekaan nurani, memelihara integritas, kecerdasan moral dan meningkatkan profesionalisme dalam menegakkan hukum dan keadilan bagi rakyat banyak. Namun dalam kenyataannya hakim yang seharusnya menjadi benteng terakhir bagi para pencari keadilan malah menjadi wujud representasi dari ketidak adilan. Banyaknya laporan masyarakat terhadap Komisi Yudisial mengenai pelanggaran hakim merupakan wujud nyata dari rendahnya kualitas hakim di Indonesia. Salah satu penyebab rendahnya kualitas hakim di Indonesia adalah kurangnya pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh Komisi Yudisial dan Mahkamah Agung, khususnya pengawasan dalam proses rekrutmen hakim dimana rekrutmen hakim saat ini merupakan tanggung jawab tunggal Mahkamah Agung. Artikel ini memberikan solusi alternatif bagi permasalahan tersebut melalui konsep Shared Responsibility System dalam proses rekrutmen hakim tingkar pertama di Indonesia. Metode rekrutmen hakim yang mengedepankan pengawasan secara preventif dan represif melalui kolaborasi Mahkamah Agung, Komisi Yudisial serta partisipasi masyarakat diharapkan mampu mewujudkan proses rekrutmen hakim yang transparan, akuntabilitas, partisipatif dan tanpa KKN.
Urgensi Pengesahan Rancangan Undang Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi Dalam Digitalisasi Pelayanan Publik Guna Mewujudkan Smart Government
Authors: Kurniawan Teguh 
Published: February 2022

Kota pintar (Smart city) ialah sebuah bentuk dari potongan visi pembangunan kota dalam menciptakan integritas melalui teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK)dan solusi Internet of Things (IoT) guna langkah tata kelola berbasis keamanan data wilayah. Salah satu unsur yang membangun terciptanya Smart City ialah diterapkannya e-government. Kaitannya dengan pelayanan publik, penerapan e-government merupakan pengintegrasian antara teknologi informasi dan internet guna menyelenggarakan layanan publik. Hal ini bertujuan guna mewujudkan layanan publik yang baik dan profesional. Dalam digitalisasi layanan publik dihadapkan pada sebuah masalah terkait dengan jaminan perlindungan dan keamanan data digital. Data digital menjadi sesuatu yang riskan terkait penyalahgunaan bagi oknum yang tidak berkepentingan dan menjurus kepada tindakan kejahatan. Mirisnya, pengaturan yang berhubungan dengan perlindungan data pribadi saat ini di Indonesia sifatnya hanya parsial dan sektoral sehingga tidak dapat melindungi secara naik dan tepat guna, sebagaimana data ini sifatnya juga privasi. Adapun permasalahan dalam karya tulis ini yaitu: 1) Bagaimana Peran Digitalisasi Pelayanan Publik dalam Mewujudkan Smart Government 2) Bagaimana Urgensi Pengesahan Rancangan Undang Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi pada Pelayanan Publik Berbasis Digital. Penelitian ini memakai Jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan serta pendekatan konseptual. Data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini ialah data sekunder berperan sebagai data utamanya serta memakai model Studi Kepustakaan sebagai teknik pengumpulan bahan. Semua materi yang terkumpul nantinya akan dilakukan inventarisasi, klasifikasi, dan analisis dengan memakai model analisis deskriptif yang tujuannya guna memberikan uraian permasalahan sehingga didapatkan solusi inovatif. Dengan disahkannya Rancangan Undang Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi bisa menyempurnakan aturan tentang perlindungan data pribadi yang sudah ada serta mampu menjamin kepastian hukum yang optimal bagi perlindungan data pribadi warga negara.
Optoelectronic properties of Ag2S/graphene and FeS2/graphene nanostructures and interfaces: A density functional study including dispersion forces
Authors: Amaya Suárez Javier , García-Prieto Cristina , Fernández-Martínez M. Dolores , Remesal Elena R. , Márquez Antonio M. , Fernández Sanz Javier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe optoelectronic properties of several Ag2S/graphene and FeS2/graphene nanostructures are examined through density functional theory calculations including dispersion forces. First, we analyzed the electronic structure of Ag2S and FeS2 nanocluster models, as prototypes of quantum dots, focusing on the electronic structure and absorption spectra. In the case of FeS2 nanoparticle, both ferro- and antiferromagnetic arrangements were considered. Then, Ag2S and FeS2 nanoclusters were adsorbed on top of both graphite and graphene slab models to study the stability of the systems as well as the effect of the nanocluster–surface interaction in the electronic structure, including an insight into the electron injection mechanisms in these systems. Finally, interface models, consisting of Ag2S or FeS2 thin films adsorbed on a graphene layer, were built and their optoelectronic properties examined. Overall, the results obtained in this work, support the suitability of these systems for their usage in solar cells.
Graphical abstract
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA ALAT TANGKAP JARING UDANG (TRAMMEL NET) DI KABUPATEN CIREBON, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Elinah Elinah , Bayyinah Auliya Al , Nurkhasanah Devi 
Published: February 2022

Kabupaten Cirebon merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memanfaatkan sumber daya perikanan dan kelautan melalui usaha perikanan tangkap. Salah satu alat tangkap yang di gunakan di Kabupaten Cirebon adalah trammel net. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kelayakan usaha penangkapan trammel net di Kabupaten Cirebon. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April - September 2020. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan responden sebanyak 30 dengan teknik wawancara menggunakan kuisioner. Metode analisis finansial usaha yang digunakan yaitu NPV, IRR, R/C ratio dan PP. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kapal trammel net berukuran < 5 GT dan memiliki mesin penggerak berkekuatan 24 PK. Hasil analisis kelayakan usaha yang diperoleh nilai NPV rata-rata sebesar Rp150.406.777 dan bernilai positif, nilai R/C ratio sebesar 1,32 lebih dari 1, nilai IRR sebesar 47% dan PP sebesar 2,50 tahun. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan hasil perhitungan kelayakan usaha maka usaha trammel net layak untuk dilanjutkan dan menguntungkan, sedangkan nilai Payback Period (PP) menunjukan bahwa rata-rata nelayan trammel net dapat mengembalikan modal dalam kurun waktu 2 tahun 5 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa trammel net merupakan salah satu alat tangkap yang digunakan dan layak diusahakan oleh nelayan di Kabupaten Cirebon.Title: Feasibility Analysis of Trammel Net at the Cirebon Regency, West JavaCirebon Regency is one of the areas that utilizes fishery and marine resources in the capture fisheries business. One of the fishing gears used in Cirebon Regency is trammel net. This research aims to analyze business feasibility of trammel net at the Cirebon Regency. The survey was conducted in April to September 2020. The research method used is survey using 30 respondents with interview techniques using a questionnaire. Financial analysis method of NPV, IRR, R/C ratio, and Payback Periods analysis were used in this study. Results showed that the trammel net of <5 GT had a 24 PK propulsion engine. Results of analysis obtained an average NPV value of IDR 150,406,777 and a positive value, an R/C ratio of 1.32 more than 1, NPV 150,406,777, IRR 47% and a PP of 2,50 years. These results showed that trammel net is a feasible fishing gear being used by fishers in Cirebon regency.
Cu2ONPs/DIATOMITE INHIBITS GROWTH AND REMOVAL OF MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA
Authors: Dinh Thi Nga , Dang Thi Thuy Nhung , Phan Dinh Tuan , Pham Thanh Luu , Tran Thi Hoang Yen , Nguyen Quoc Hien 
Published: February 2022

Cu2O nanoparticles (Cu2ONPs) with particle size of ~27.4 nm deposited on diatomite (Cu2ONPs/diatomite), a new low-cost material has been used to investigate growth inhibit, and bloom preventation of cyanobacteria in eutrophic waters. Diatomite collected from natural mines was also used in the experiments. Microcystis aeruginosa strain originated from Bac Lieu shrimp pond was isolated and cultured in Z8 medium. Experiments were conducted by exposing M. aeruginosa to Cu2ONPs/diatomite and diatomite at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 g/L for 72 hours and 120 hours. The results showed that the concentration of 0.5 g/L in 120 hours, Cu2ONPs/diatomite was more effective in inhibiting and removing of M. aeruginosa cells than diatomite. Therefore, Cu2ONPs/diatomite could be used as a promising material for removing cyanobacterial bloom in water for aquaculture.
Serum Protein Exposure Activates a Core Regulatory Program Driving Human Proximal Tubule Injury
Authors: Lidberg Kevin A. , Muthusamy Selvaraj , Adil Mohamed , Mahadeo Anish , Yang Jade , Patel Ranita S. , Wang Lu , Bammler Theo K. , Reichel Jonathan , Yeung Catherine K. , Himmelfarb Jonathan , Kelly Edward J. , Akilesh Shreeram 
Published: February 2022

Significance Statement
Whether kidney tubules exposed to nephrotic-range serum protein levels during glomerular filtration are injured remains controversial. This is important because acutely injured tubules can trigger inflammation and fibrosis that can lead to irreversible injury and CKD. Using human kidney tubule 3D microphysiologic systems and orthogonal epigenomic approaches, we found that serum, but not its major protein component albumin, directly induces tubular injury and secretion of proinflammatory components. Similar changes were observed in preclinical models and patients with proteinuric kidney disease. Taken together, our results demonstrate a causal role for serum proteins in tubular injury and identify regulatory mechanisms and novel pathways for intervention.

Background
The kidneys efficiently filter waste products while retaining serum proteins in the circulation. However, numerous diseases compromise this barrier function, resulting in spillage of serum proteins into the urine (proteinuria). Some studies of glomerular filtration suggest that tubules may be physiologically exposed to nephrotic-range protein levels. Therefore, whether serum components can directly injure the downstream tubular portions of the kidney, which in turn can lead to inflammation and fibrosis, remains controversial.

Methods
We tested the effects of serum protein exposure in human kidney tubule microphysiologic systems and with orthogonal epigenomic approaches since animal models cannot directly assess the effect of serum components on tubules.

Results
Serum, but not its major protein component albumin, induced tubular injury and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Epigenomic comparison of serum-injured tubules and intact kidney tissue revealed canonical stress-inducible regulation of injury-induced genes. Concordant transcriptional changes in microdissected tubulointerstitium were also observed in an independent cohort of patients with proteinuric kidney disease.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate a causal role for serum proteins in tubular injury and identify regulatory mechanisms and novel pathways for intervention.