bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Need for transition medicine in pediatric surgery – health related quality of life in adolescents and young adults with congenital malformations
Authors: Uecker Marie , Ure Benno , Quitmann Julia Hannah , Dingemann Jens 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Survival rates of patients with visceral congenital malformations have increased considerably. However, long-term morbidity in these patients is high. In the last decades, these circumstances have led to a shift in goals of caretakers and researchers with a new focus on patients’ perspectives and long-term morbidity. Health-related quality of life (HrQoL) is the most commonly used patient-reported outcome measure to assess the impact of chronic symptoms on patients’ everyday lives. Most pediatric surgical conditions can cause a significantly decreased HrQoL in affected patients compared to the healthy population. In order to guarantee life-long care and to minimize the impact on HrQoL a regular interdisciplinary follow-up is obligatory. The period of transition from child-centered to adult-oriented medicine represents a critical phase in the long-term care of these complex patients. This scoping review aims to summarize relevant pediatric surgical conditions focusing on long-term-morbidity and HrQoL assessment in order to demonstrate the necessity for a well-structured and standardized transition for pediatric surgical patients.
Hydroxychloroquine pre-exposure prophylaxis provides no protection against COVID-19 among health care workers: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Juneja Shivani , Rana Proteesh , Chawla Parvinder , Katoch Rekha , Singh Kulvir , Rana Shobha , Mittal Tamanna , Kaur Bhavnish , kaur Simranjot 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The use of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) prophylaxis has been recommended by the National task force constituted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for the prevention of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers (HCWs). However, this recommendation was based essentially on the preclinical data and limited clinical experience. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HCQ as a pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 infection among Indian HCWs.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs of a tertiary care hospital in north India. The HCQ prophylaxis was initiated among 996 HCWs and they were followed up to 8 weeks for conversion to COVID-19 positive status and any adverse drug reaction (ADR).

Results
About 10.3% of the study participants were tested positive for COVID-19 which was comparable to the positivity rate among HCWs not taking HCQ prophylaxis (9.7%).

Conclusions
HCQ was well tolerated at a weekly dose of 400 mg for 8 weeks but provided no additional benefit in prevention of COVID-19 among HCWs.
Tracking the Rise of Robots: The IFR Database
Authors: Jurkat Anne , Klump Rainer , Schneider Florian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present and analyze the dataset on the international distribution of industrial robots by country, industry, and application provided by the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) since 1993. After describing the IFR we point out specificities and limitations of its dataset. We explain the process of data collection, develop a correspondence table between the IFR industry classification and the ISIC rev. 4 industry classification, and clarify the applied compliance rules. We further compute average implicit depreciation rates inherent to the robot stocks in the IFR dataset in the range of 4–7% per year between 1993 and 2019. We also find that the share of industrial robots that are not classified to any industry or application has sharply declined since 2005.
MAKE: A matrix action key exchange
Authors: Rahman Nael , Shpilrain Vladimir 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe offer a public key exchange protocol based on a semidirect product of two cyclic (semi)groups of matrices overZp{{\mathbb{Z}}}_{p}. One of the (semi)groups is additive, and the other one is multiplicative. This allows us to take advantage of both operations on matrices to diffuse information. We note that in our protocol, no power of any matrix or of any element ofZp{{\mathbb{Z}}}_{p}is ever exposed, so standard classical attacks on Diffie–Hellman-like protocols are not applicable.
Wittgenstein, Ordinary Language, and Poeticity
Authors: Hommen David 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The later Wittgenstein famously holds that an understanding which tries to run up against the limits of language bumps itself and results in nothing but plain nonsense. Therefore, the task of philosophy cannot be to create an ‘ideal’ language so as to produce a ‘real’ understanding for the first time; its aim must be to remove particular misunderstandings by clarifying the use of our ordinary language. Accordingly, Wittgenstein opposes both the sublime terms of traditional philosophy and the formal frameworks of modern logics—and adheres to a pointedly casual, colloquial style in his own philosophizing. However, there seems to lurk a certain inconsistency in Wittgenstein’s ordinary language approach: his philosophical remarks frequently remain enigmatic, and many of the terms Wittgenstein coins seem to be highly technical. Thus, one might wonder whether his verdicts on the limits of language and on philosophical jargons might not be turned against his own practice. The present essay probes the extent to which the contravening tendencies in Wittgenstein’s mature philosophy might be reconciled. Section 2 sketches Wittgenstein’s general approach to philosophy and tracks the special rôle that the language of everyday life occupies therein. Section 3 reconstructs Wittgenstein’s preferred method for philosophy, which he calls perspicuous representation, and argues that this method implements an aesthetic conception of philosophy and a poetic approach to philosophical language, in which philosophical insights are not explicitly stated, but mediated through well-worded and creatively composed descriptions. Section 4 discusses how Wittgenstein’s philosophical poetics relates to artificial terminologies and grammars in philosophy and science.
Reflections on Popular Culture and Philosophy
Authors: Christian Alexander 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Contributions to the philosophical genre of popular culture and philosophy aim to popularize philosophical ideas with the help of references to the products of popular (mass) culture with TV series like The Simpsons, Hollywood blockbusters like The Matrix and Jurassic Park, or popular music groups like Metallica. While being commercially successful, books in this comparatively new genre are often criticized for lacking scientific rigor, providing a shallow cultural commentary, and having little didactic value to foster philosophical understanding. This paper discusses some of these methodological and didactic objections and seeks to encourage a constructive discussion of concerns with the genre. It shows how the genre similar to previous attempts to foster public understanding of philosophy and that it is a methodologically viable approach to reach a broad range of readers with diverse informational preferences and educational backgrounds. Considering what makes this approach to the popularization of philosophical thinking successful will shed light on some of the criteria for popularization of philosophy in general.
Crystal structure of (E)-N′-(1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene) isonicotinohydrazide, C15H15N3O3
Authors: Mossine Valeri V. , Kelley Steven P. , Mawhinney Thomas P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
C15H15N3O3, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.0752(2) Å, b = 9.1969(2) Å, c = 9.9519(2) Å, α = 112.7059(8)°, β = 92.4309(8)°, γ = 115.2776(7)°, V = 671.16(3) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0347, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1113, T = 100 K.
Impacts of Improved Seed Maize Technology Adoption on Productivity and Technical Efficiency in Northern Ghana
Authors: Dokyi Emmanuel , Anang Benjamin Tetteh , Owusu Victor 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Improved seed is one of the crucial ingredients for promoting agricultural productivity, farmers’ livelihood, and global food security. The present study uses an endogenous treatment regression model (ETRM) to evaluate the impacts of improved seed maize technology (ISMT) adoption on technical efficiency and productivity using data from maize farmers in northern Ghana. The findings show that ISMT adoption impacts positively on technical efficiency. Adoption of ISMT enhanced technical efficiency by 16.1% and increased maize productivity by 33.8%. The study recommends dissemination of improved maize seeds to farmers and other interventions such as provision of fertilizer to enhance farmers’ technical efficiency and productivity.
Statistical methods for in silico tools used for risk assessment and toxicology
Authors: Osman Nermin A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

In silico toxicology is one type of toxicity assessment that uses computational methods to visualize, analyze, simulate, and predict the toxicity of chemicals. It is also one of the main steps in drug design. Animal models have been used for a long time for toxicity testing. Animal studies for the type of toxicological information needed are both expensive and time-consuming, and to that, ethical consideration is added. Many different types of in silico methods have been developed to characterize the toxicity of chemical materials and predict their catastrophic consequences to humans and the environment. In light of European legislation such as Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) and the Cosmetics Regulation, in silico methods for predicting chemical toxicity have become increasingly important and used extensively worldwide e.g., in the USA, Canada, Japan, and Australia. A popular problem, concerning these methods, is the deficiency of the necessary data for assessing the hazards. REACH has called for increased use of in silico tools for non-testing data as structure-activity relationships, quantitative structure-activity relationships, and read-across. The main objective of the review is to refine the use of in silico tools in a risk assessment context of industrial chemicals.
Decision making at unsignalized inner city intersections using discrete events systems
Authors: Weinreuter Hannes , Szigeti Balázs , Strelau Nadine-Rebecca , Deml Barbara , Heizmann Michael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAutonomous driving is a promising technology to, among many aspects, improve road safety. There are however several scenarios that are challenging for autonomous vehicles. One of these are unsignalized junctions. There exist scenarios in which there is no clear regulation as to is allowed to drive first. Instead, communication and cooperation are necessary to solve such scenarios. This is especially challenging when interacting with human drivers. In this work we focus on unsignalized T-intersections. For that scenario we propose a discrete event system (DES) that is able to solve the cooperation with human drivers at a T-intersection with limited visibility and no direct communication. The algorithm is validated in a simulation environment, and the parameters for the algorithm are based on an analysis of typical human behavior at intersections using real-world data.
Lost in Translation– Typographic variation in loanword surrounded punctuation positions
Authors: Rössler Paul 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn German printings of the early 18th century, the shift from the hitherto dominant sentence-dividing punctuation mark, the virgule, to the comma, takes place astonishingly rapidly. It is also astonishing that until recently, research has barely devoted itself to this phenomenon, even though it is at least a turning point in the history of the highest-frequency punctuation mark in German writing.The paper examines to what extent the transition from the use of the virgule to the comma is carried out in a phase-specific manner. Previous samples have indicated the influence of the font choice on the choice of punctuation: Printers or typesetters in the early 18th century set the comma especially in the environment of the Antiqua script, which is used to graphically label non-native words or syntagms. Is this a kind of “gateway” to the comma?By means of a corpus analysis in micro-diachronic sections, the status of the virgule/comma variation will be associated with the typographic variation in terms of the use of Latin Antiqua type and the German type.
Towards a broad-coverage graphemic analysis of large historical corpora
Authors: Waldenberger Sandra , Dipper Stefanie , Lemke Ilka 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a method which we are developing to explore graphemic variation in large historical corpora of German. Historical corpora provide an amount of data at the level of graphemics which cannot be handled exhaustively using common methods of manual evaluation. To deal with this challenge, we apply methods from computational linguistics to pave the way for a broad-coverage graph(em)ic analysis of large historical corpora. In this paper, we show how our approach can be applied to the Reference Corpus of Middle High German. Illustrating our method and linguistic analysis, we present findings from our investigations into diatopic and/or diachronic variation as documented in 13th and 14th century charters (Urkunden) from the corpus.
Quantifying graphemic variation via large text corpora
Authors: Lüschow Hanna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The use of some basic computer science concepts could expand the possibilities of (manual) graphematic text corpus analysis. With these it can be shown that graphematic variation decreases constantly in printed German texts from 1600 to 1900. While the variability is continuously lesser on a text-internal level, it decreases faster for the whole available writing system of individual decades. But which changes took place exactly? Which types of variation went away more quickly, which ones persisted? How do we deal with large amounts of data which cannot be processed manually anymore? Which aspects are of special importance or go missing while working with a large textual base?
The use of a measurement called entropy quantifies the variability of the spellings of a given word form, lemma, text or subcorpus, with few restrictions but also less details in the results. The difference between two spellings can be measured via Damerau-Levenshtein distance. To a certain degree, automated data handling can also determine the exact changes that took place. Afterwards, these differences can be counted and ranked.
As data source the German Text Archive of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities is used. It offers for example orthographic normalization – which is extremely useful –, preprocessing of parts of speech and lemmatization. As opposed to many other approaches the establishment of today’s normed spellings is not seen as the aim of the developments and is therefore not the focus of the research. Instead, the differences between individual spellings are of interest. Afterwards intra- and extralinguistic factors which caused these developments should be determined.
These methodological findings could subsequently be used for improving research methods in other graphematic fields of interest, e. g. computer-mediated communication.
Can Physical Activity Make Up for the Self-Care Disability Effects of Too Much Sitting? A Moderation Analysis in Octogenarians Residing in Living Care Facilities
Authors: Alfonso-Rosa Rosa M. , Álvarez-Barbosa Francisco , Raimundo Armando M. , Ferreira Soraia , del Pozo Cruz Borja , del Pozo-Cruz Jesús 
Published: January 2022

Background and Purpose:
Physical activity can delay the progression of self-care disability in older adults residing in living care facilities. Nonetheless, older adults residing in living care facilities spend most of their time sedentary and do not meet the physical activity recommendation, which may result in increasing self-care disability in this population group. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the association between sedentary time and self-care disability was moderated by moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in older adults residing in living care facilities.

Methods:
Sedentary time and MVPA were both measured with accelerometers. Self-care disability was assessed with the Barthel Index. A multivariate regression model was used to ascertain the effects of the interaction between sedentary time and MVPA on the self-care disability of participants. The Johnson-Neyman technique was then used to estimate the exact MVPA threshold at which the effect of sedentary time on self-care disability became nonsignificant.

Results:
We found a significant effect of sedentary time on self-care disability (standardized β=−1.66; 95% CI −1.77 to −1.54, P = .013). Results indicated that MVPA moderates the relationship between self-care disability status and sedentary time (standardized β= 1.14; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.14, P = .032). The Johnson-Neyman technique determined that 51 min/day of MVPA would offset the negative effects of sedentary time on self-care disability.

Conclusions:
Our results suggest physical therapists should focus on reducing sedentary time alongside physical activity to prevent the progression to dependency in octogenarians residing in living care facilities.
Effect of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (Y2O3/ZrO2) Nanoparticles Reinforced Cr3C2-25NiCr Coatings on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Turbine Steel
Authors: Kumar Rajinder , Bhandari Deepak , Goyal Khushdeep 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The present work is mainly focused on the investigation of Cr3C2-25NiCr coatings reinforced with 5 % and 10 % of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanoparticles deposited on the CA6NM turbine steel by using the high-velocity oxy-fuel technique. The coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The phase identification of a crystalline material was done with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The SEM/EDS analysis showed that dense and homogeneous coatings were developed by the reinforcement of YSZ nanoparticles. The peaks of XRD graphs of Cr3C2-25NiCr coating reinforced with 5 % and 10 % of YSZ nanoparticles revealed that the chromium and carbon were present as a major phase, and the presence of nickel, yttrium, and zirconium was observed as a minor phase. The porosity level decreased up to 32 % and 45 % by the addition 5 % and 10 % of YSZ nanoparticles as compared with conventional Cr3C2-25NiCr coating. The surface roughness values for coated samples were found to be 5.03, 4.89, and 4.28. The nanocomposite coatings reinforced with 10 % YSZ nanoparticles exhibited the highest microhardness value (1,251 HV). The Cr3C2-25NiCr coatings reinforced with 10 % of YSZ nanoparticles resulted in low porosity, low surface roughness, and high microhardness. During the coating process, the nanoparticles of YSZ flow into the pores and gaps that exist in the coatings and provide a better shield to the substrate material. The Cr3C2-25NiCr with 10 % of YSZ nanoparticles showed better results in terms of mechanical and microstructural properties during the investigation.
Reproducción del pez Brotula clarkae (Pisces: Ophidiidae) en el Pacífico colombiano
Authors: Acevedo Jenny , Angulo Wilberto , Ramírez Manuel , Zapata Luis A. 
Published: January 2022

Con el fin de desarrollar estrategias de uso sostenible del recurso pesquero, se evaluó la reproducción de la merluza (Brotula clarkae), proveniente de las pesquerías industrial y artesanal del Pacífico colombiano(marzo de 1994 a diciembre de 1996). Se examinaron 754 individuos, obteniendo una proporción sexual global de 1:1. Se realizaron cortes histológicos (inclusión en para plasto y tinción con hematoxilina-eosina) de 151 hembras que se encontraban en un ámbito de tallas de 26 cm a 100 cm de longitud total, determinándose el diámetro promedio y las características particulares de las diferentes fases de desarrollo ovocitario, estableciendo también las distintas etapas de desarrollo ovárico. Se determinó la talla media de inicio de madurez sexual para las hembras por medio de dos métodos (gráfico y estadístico), obteniéndose 61.3 cm y 62.3 cm, respectivamente. Se encontró que la especie presenta desove fraccionado con varios pulsos durante su periodo reproductivo, el cual se estableció entre mayo y octubre, estimándose la fecundidad absoluta promedio por pulso de desove en 1 005 657 huevos. Se sugieren como posibles medidas de ordenamiento pesquero el mantener la talla media de captura por encima de la talla media de inicio de madurez y establecer vedas que protejan el periodo reproductivo.
Filogenia de avispas del género Netelia (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) con énfasis en las especies costarricenses
Authors: Coronado-Rivera James 
Published: January 2022

Se presentan los resultados del primer análisis cladístico realizado para el género Netelia. Éste se llevó a cabo con la ayuda de los programas Hennig86 y Tree Gardener 2.2, a través de una matriz de 79 taxones y 149 caracteres, descritos principalmente de la morfología externa y de los genitales de los machos, sólo tres caracteres están relacionados con la historia natural de las especies. Dentro del grupo de estudio se incluyeron a especies representantes de los 11 subgéneros de Netelia descritos en el mundo, aunque casi el 80% de las especies examinadas son costarricenses. Para poner a prueba la monofilia del género, también se incluyeron dentro del grupo de estudio a las cinco especies trifoninas Neliopisthus yui, Chiloplatys lucens, Phytodietus (Neuchorus) penai, P. (N.) lindus y P. (Phytodietus) moragai. Se utilizó como especie externa a Labena zerita (Labeninae). Las estrategias de búsqueda de los árboles incluyeron la reconstrucción filogenética por parsimonia, sin y con peso sucesivo de los caracteres, a través de los comandos bb* y mhennig*. En el análisis sin peso sucesivo se obtuvieron 1 211 árboles igualmente parsimoniosos con un largo de 649 pasos, un Ci de 23 y un Ri de 68; mientras que en el análisis con peso sucesivo se obtuvieron 1 211 árboles con un largo de 719 pasos, un Ci de 20 y un Ri de 64. Los múltiples cladogramas obtenidos fueron resumidos a través de dos árboles consensos Majority rule, uno para cada estrategia de búsqueda. Se encontró sustento a favor de la monofilia del género Netelia, y los subgéneros N. (Apatagium), N. (Bessobates), N. (Monomacrodon), N. (Parabates), N. (Protonetelia), N. (Toxochilus) y N. (Longiterebates), aunque este último resultó monofilético sólo en el análisis sin peso sucesivo. También se obtuvo soporte filogenético para los grupos de especies leo, unguicularis y emorsa propuestos por Townes (1938) para el subgénero N. (Netelia). Los resultados respaldan la sinonimia de N. (Toxochiloides) con el grupo emorsa del Nuevo Mundo. No se encontró soporte filogenético para los subgéneros N. (Netelia), N. (Prosthodocis) y N. (Paropheltes), ni para los grupos de especies virgata de N. (Bessobates) y geminata Townes de N. (Netelia). Tampoco se encontró apoyo para la relación filogenética entre los subgéneros N. (Apatagium) y N. (Monomacrodon). Por último, con los resultados obtenidos aquí se descarta la presencia en Costa Rica de los subgéneros N. (Longiterebates) y N. (Parabates), tal como fue documentado para el país por Gauld (1997), y se acepta incondicionalmente la presencia de N. (Bessobates), y con fines prácticos la de N. (Prosthodocis) y N. (Netelia), demás se propone tentativamente la presencia de N. (Paropheltes) y N. (Toxochilus).