bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of a Metaverse Platform for Traditional Culture: The Chime Bells of Marquis Yi of Zeng
Authors: Wu Lingyi , Yu Riji , Su Wei , Ye Shishu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Metaverse platforms become more and more prevalent for collaboration in virtual environments. Metaverse platforms, as opposed to Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and Mixed Reality, expand with greater social meanings within virtual worlds. The research object in this study is the chime bells of Marquis Yi of Zeng, one of China's most treasured cultural heritages. We intend to create a Metaverse platform for the chime bells of Marquis Yi of Zeng, which provides visitors with a highly immersive and interactive experience. Firstly, the materials and data of the chime bells and other exhibits are collected, as well as historical information. Then, the data are processed and integrated for 3D model reconstruction. In addition, we design the virtual roaming system, in which visitors can interact with the exhibits to obtain multimedia information and even knock to ring chime bells. Finally, our system is built to connect multiple visitors who are geographically located and encourage them to collaborate and communicate within the virtual space. This platform helps to visualize the cultural heritage, simulate real-life tour experiences with intuitive manners of interaction, and motivate visitors’ interest in traditional culture. This research also reveals the potential use of Metaverse-related techniques in cultural heritage sectors.
Adaptive Mechanism in Quercus brantii Lindl. Leaves under Climatic Differentiation: Morphological and Anatomical Traits
Authors: Soheili Forough , Heydari Mehdi , Woodward Stephen , Naji Hamid Reza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Leaf traits, which vary across different climatic conditions, can reveal evolutionary changes within a species to adapt to the environment. To examine adaptive mechanisms applied by plants in different climates, we analyzed leaf morphology and anatomical structures in Quercus brantii in the Zagros forests. The trees adapted to the environmental differences with increased dry matter content in a Mediterranean climate, and increasing leaf length, specific leaf area, stomata length (SL), stomata width, stomatal density (SD), stomatal pore index (SPI), trichome length, and width in a sub-humid climate; trichome density was increased in a semi-arid climate. There were strong, positive correlations between SPI with SL and SD. Such traits plasticity probably leads to lower transpiration rates, control of internal temperature and water status, and improved photosynthetic capability under stressing conditions. These findings provide new insights into the adaptive strategies of trees to environmental changes at the morphological and anatomical levels.
Efficient Mapping Scheme for Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem in a Multiprocessing Environment
Authors: Oladipupo Esau Taiwo , Abikoye Christiana Oluwakemi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The security of Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (ECC) hinges on on the hardness of Elliptic Curve Discrete Logic Problem. However, existing mapping schemes are inefficient, make ECC vulnerable to security attacks and cannot be efficiently implemented in a multiprocessing environment. In this paper, an efficient mapping scheme which employ the use of Columnar Transposition technique for bit manipulation before message mapping to point on the elliptic curve was developed. Comparative security, efficiency and performance analysis of the developed mapping scheme with the existing ones were investigated. The outcomes show that the developed mapping scheme is resilient to different attacks that the existing scheme are vulnerable to. ECC schemes that use the developed mapping scheme efficiently use resources in multiprocessing environment, requires lower bandwidth for transmission of encrypted point, without negatively affecting the encryption/decryption time, throughputs and energy consumption, than the ECC schemes with existing mapping schemes.
Prophylactic Antibiotic Administration in Adults with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Ying , Lin Jian-dong , Xiao Xiong-jian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: There is a debt whether prophylactic antibiotic use may further hamper prognosis of patients with OHCA. In this study, we have performed a meta-analysis to assessed the effect of prophylactic antibiotic administration.
Methods: Electronic databases were searched for trials in which prophylactic antibiotic had been administered to adults with OHCA. The predefined primary outcome was the incidence of pneumonia.
Results: The included 6 trials enrolled a total of 5061 patients. Prophylactic antibiotic administration was not associated with decreased incidence of pneumonia and early-onset pneumonia (OR 0.44; 95%CI (0.19, 1.02); p= 0.056; I2=95.9% vs. OR 0.54; 95%CI (0.22, 1.32); p= 0.175; I2=46.8%). No adverse effect on mortality was found among trials (OR 1.17; 95%CI (0.46, 2.97); p= 0.748; I2=87.8%).
Conclusion: Given this conflicting collection of limited quality, no difference in the incidence of pneumonia (including early-onset pneumonia) and mortality was found when receiving prophylactic antibiotic administration in patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Randomized trials are warranted to define the best prophylactic antibiotic protocol.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022341601. 07 March, 2022 retrospectively registered.
Analysis of the composition and microstructure of a diatom frustule in mud on the coast of Boryeong-City, South Korea
Authors: Bok Mi Kyung , Chin Chung Hwa , Choi Hee Jung , Ham Ju Hyun , Chang ByungSoo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The microstructure of the frustule of diatoms contained in mud distributed along the coast of Boryeong-city, South Korea was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and its constituent elements were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. On scanning electron microscopy of the mud powder, diatom frustules were present together with clay minerals. On high-magnification scanning electron microscopy, the surface of frustules had circular pores of the same shape arranged at regular intervals. The size of the pores on the surface of these frustules was found to be about 1 μm. Also, in this study, the diatom shells present in the mud powder were observed in the form of pieces ranging in size from 3 ㎛ to 30 ㎛, and the thickness was found to be about 2.5 μm. Diatom frustules present in mud sediments were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. On analyzing the components of the frustule, Si, Al, Fe, K, Na, Mg, and Ti elements were detected. The main component of the frustule was the Si element, and its content was higher than that of other mud materials.
The effects of Selenohomolanthionine supplementation on the rumen Eukaryotic Diversity of Shaanbei white cashmere wether goats
Authors: Li Longping , Qu Lei , Li Tuo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important microelement for animal health. However, the knowledge about the effects of Se supplementation on rumen eukaryotic community remains less explored. In this study, the ruminal eukaryotic diversity in Shaanbei white cashmere goats fed a basal diet (0.016 mg/kg Se, control group [CG]) were compared to those animals given basal diet supplemented with different levels of organic Se in the form of Selenohomolanthionine (SeHLan), namely low Se group (LSE, 0.3 mg/kg), medium Se group (MSE, 0.6 mg/kg Se) and high Se group (HSE, 1.2 mg/kg) using 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Illumina sequencing generated 2,623,541 reads corresponding to 3123 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Taxonomic analysis revealed that Eukaryota (77.95%) and Fungi (14.10%) were the dominant eukaryotic kingdom in all samples. The predominant rumen eukaryotic phylum was found to be Ciliophora (92.14%), while fungal phyla were dominated by Ascomycota (40.77%), Basidiomycota (23.77%), Mucoromycota (18.32%) and unidentified_Fungi (13.89%). The dominant eukaryotic genera were found to be Entodinium (55.44%), Ophryoscolex (10.51%) and Polyplastron (10.19%), while the fungal genera were dominanted by Mucor (15.39%), Pichia (9.88%), Aspergillu (8.24%), Malassezia (7.73%) and unidentified_Neocallimastigaceae (7.72%). The relative abundance of eukaryotic genera Ophryoscolex, Dasytricha, Enoploplastron and fungal genus Mucor were found to differ significantly among the four treatment groups (P<0.05). Moreover, Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the ciliate protozoa and fungi were negatively correlated with each other. The results of this first systematic study provided newer information about the effects of Se on rumen eukaryotic diversity patterns using 18s rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.
Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in the resuscitation from extreme metabolic acidosis (pH＜6.5) after drowning cardiac arrest: a case report
Authors: Chai Yueyang , Zhang Xinyi , Liu Hong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Resuscitation in drowning victim with cardiac arrest is difficult because of severe metabolic acidosis and multiple organ dysfunction. There is insufficient evidence to support that veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is beneficial for patient.
Case presentation: A 44-year-old female was trapped under river when she attempted to rescue her drowning father. Furthermore, she underwent a loss of consciousness, with extreme metabolic acidosis, hypothermia and hypotension. Hence, the VV-ECMO, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and other resuscitative infusion were required. In this case, the patient did not experience any complication or neurologic deficit and reaching a complete recovery after 21 days of hospitalization.
Conclusions: Our case adds further concerns in supporting a patient with extreme metabolic acidosis (pH＜6.5) and hypothermia after severe drowning cardiac arrest, including extracorporeal life support, renal support, targeted temperature management, cerebral resuscitation, etc., due to the reversible nature of this condition.
Stationary states of a dissipative two-qubit quantum channel and their applications for quantum machine learning
Authors: Ghasemian E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Entangled state preparation and preservation are the cornerstones of any quantum information platform. However , the strongest adversaries in quantum information science are unwanted environmental effects such as decoherence and dissipation. Here, we address how to control and harness the dissipation that arises from the coupling of a system with its environment, to provide stationary entangled states for quantum machine learning. To do so, we design a dissipative quantum channel, i.e., a two-qubit system interacting with a squeezed vacuum field reservoir, and study the output state of the channel by solving the corresponding master equation, especially, in the small squeezing regime. We show that the time-dependent output state of the channel is the so-called two-qubit X-states that generalize many families of entangled two-qubit states. Also, by considering a general Bell diagonal state as the initial state of the system we reveal that this dissipative channel generates two well-known classes of entangled mixed state and Werner-like states in the steady-state regime. Moreover, this channel provides an efficient way to determine whether a given initial state results in a stationary entangled state or not. Finally, we examine the potential application of the designed two-qubit channel for quantum machine learning. Integrating the non-unitary transformation of the two-qubit channel and parallel-processed neural computing establishes the requirements for a meaningful quantum neural network.
Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Efficient Data Sharing Scheme for Trust Management in Healthcare Smartphone Network
Authors: Bhan Rati Bhan Rati , Pamula Rajendra Pamula Rajendra , Faruki Parvez Faruki Parvez , Gajrani Jyoti Gajrani Jyoti 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is an extended genre of Internet of Things (IoT) where the Things collaborate to provide remote patient health monitoring, also known as the Internet of Health (IoH). Smartphones and IoMTs' are expected to maintain a secure and trusted confidential patient-records exchange while managing the patient remotely. Healthcare organizations deploy Healthcare Smartphone Networks (HSN) for confidential patient data collection and sharing among smartphone users and IoMT nodes. However, the attackers gain access to confidential patient data via compromised/malicious IoMT nodes from the HSN. Additionally, attackers can compromise the entire network via the compromised nodes. This article proposes a Hyperledger blockchain-based technique to identify the compromised IoMT nodes and safeguard sensitive patient records. Furthermore, the paper proposes a Clustered Hierarchical Trust Management System (CHTMS) to block malicious nodes. In addition, the proposal employs Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) to protect sensitive health records. Similarly, the proposed approach is resilient against denial of service, eclipse attacks, and terminal device failure. Finally, the evaluation results show that integrating blockchains into the HSN system improved the detection performance compared to the existing state-of-the-art. Therefore, the simulation results indicate better security and reliability when compared to conventional databases.
Intraseasonal variation of the 20-60-day summer rainfall in Thailand and its associated large-scale atmospheric moisture circulation
Authors: Faikrua Apiwat , Torsri Kritanai , Dike Victor Nnamdi , Peangta Pattarapoom , Sawangwattanaphaibun Rati 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We have identified sub-seasonal variation of summer rainfall (wet and dry conditions) in Thailand and its associated large-scale atmospheric moisture circulation. The study is based on long-term daily rainfall data (1979-2019) of the Thai Meteorological Department (TMD) and atmospheric water moisture flux and transport dataset obtained from the ERA5 re-analysis. The daily time series is treated as a 2060-day bandpass filtering data for both TMD and ERA5. Results show that summer rainfall is characterized by high intensity and high variance of the 20-60-day rainfall, especially in northeastern, eastern, and western coastal areas of upper Thailand and in western coastal areas of lower Thailand. Features of the 20-60-day atmospheric water vapour anomalies associated with wet and dry rainfall events are spatially temporally varying depending on sub-region and month. We found that the intraseasonal variation of above normal rainfall in upper Thailand are strongly associated with southwesterlies (easterlies) of moisture convergence from eastern Indian Ocean (South China Sea) that induced total moisture budget about 24×108 kg/s, while below normal rainfall is controlled by westerly anomalies of moisture divergence (the moisture budget is -21.4×108 kg/s). For lower Thailand, wet condition of the 2060-day rainfall variation is associated with southwesterly anomalies and cyclonic-like pattern of moisture convergence over the Andaman Sea, while anti-cyclonic atmospheric moisture divergence is dominant leading to below normal rainfall (water budget remained of 2.7×108 kg/s and -2.4×108 kg/s for the wet and dry events).
Investigation of Thermo-Physical properties of EMIMBF 4 ionic liquid and water binary systems for heat transfer and refrigeration applications
Authors: Jegan B. , Kumaraguruparam G. , Kumar B. Varun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Research intent to discern a thermophysical property of novel proposed ionic liquid [EMIMBF4–1-Ethyl-3-MethyImidazolium tetrafluoroborate] which comprises of hydrophilic, non-corrosive, and negligible vapour pressure to play a perfect supernumerary solution to vapour absorption system and heat transfer applications. A Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid [RTIL] blended with deionized water in four different mass fractions as 20%,15%, 10% and 5% to prepare an ionic liquid and water binary mixture at room temperature. To understand the heat flow characterization of ionic liquid in the applications such as solar panel, chemical or refrigeration plant. Thermal stability and the thermophysical characteristics of EMIMBF4, including thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, viscosity and density, were measured over the temperature range of 25 OC to 90 OC. The results obtained are fascinating in exemplifying their presence in the advancement of heat transfer and refrigeration applications.
Rheological Properties and Volumetric Isothermal Expansivity of Bamboo Kraft Black Liquor with high solid content and low lignin content
Authors: Chen Shenglin , Xu Yongjian , Guo Kangkang , Yue Xiaopeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe contradiction between the increasing demand for pulp and the insufficient capacity of existing alkali recovery system and the “silicon interference” problem of non-wood raw material pulping restrict the development of pulp and paper integration. Therefore, the key to improve pulp productivity is to improve the processing capacity of alkali recovery system and reduce the influence of “silicon interference”. In this study, a certain percentage of lignin in original bamboo Kraft black liquor (BKBL) was separated, and the residual BKBL with low lignin content was expected to be fed into the alkali recovery furnace to reduce the heat transfer load of the alkali recovery furnace. It can effectively improve the processing capacity of black liquor without a new alkali recovery system. With the decrease in lignin content, the rheological properties/volumetric isothermal expansivity (VIE) of BKBL change. When the lignin content was 70% remained in the original BKBL, the viscosity of BKBL with low lignin content is close to that of the passivated BKBL at the same solid content, the dynamic viscoelasticity is superior, and the VIE decreases by 57.2%. When the amount of desilication agent is 1.5%, the viscosity of BKBL with low lignin content did not change much, and the VIE increased sharply and was 62.7% higher than that of the passivated BKBL. Therefore, the combination of partial lignin separation process and sodium aluminate desilication process can effectively improve the ability of alkali recovery furnace to deal with BKBL and reduce the influence of “silicon interference’’.
Modified Used Palm Oil Polyols – A New Waste-based Plasticizer for Thermoplastic Non-glutinous Starch Foam
Authors: Sukhawipat Nathapong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a novel waste-based plasticizer derived from
modified Used Palm Oil (mUPO) was successfully developed and used
as an essential additive to thermoplastic non-glutinous starch foam
to improve its properties. The molecular weight and hydroxyl number
of the mUPO that was being explored was 3,150 g/mol and 192.19
mg.KOH/g, respectively. The key results revealed that the optimal
mUPO content enhances the mechanical properties and thermal
properties of thermoplastic starch. Furthermore, the superlative
mUPO content facilitate the forming of foam structure. All these
results indicate that the proper utilization of wasted-based
material such as mUPO is a promising solution to achieve a green
alternative plasticizer for starch components, especially starch
foam applications.
Natural Dihydroisobenzofuran Derivatives as a Template for Promising Radical Scavengers: Theoretical Insights into Structure-Activity Relationships, Thermochemistry and Kinetics
Authors: Spiegel Maciej , Sr Zbigniew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dihydroisobenzofuran heterocycle is a structural motif found in a number of medications with antitumour, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities. It's also found in a slew of natural substances, most notably fungus metabolites, which have been shown to possess credible radical scavenging activity. Density functional theory studies on three different derivatives were conducted to investigate their electronic structures as well as thermochemical and kinetic behaviour against •OOH, •OH, and •OCH3 in biologically relevant solvents, with the goal of elucidating structure-activity relationships and discussing the potential role of the scaffolds as a template for new semi-synthetic antioxidants. The importance of resonance and inductive effects, and also hydrogen bonding, has been underlined, but most importantly, it has been demonstrated that all structures have considerable scavenging potential against all studied radicals, with reactions rates close to the diffusion limit.
The Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Endemic Scutellaria yildirimlii by ISSR Marker for Conservation Purposes
Authors: YILDIRIM Merve , TUĞ Gül Nilhan , YAPRAK Ahmet Emre 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scutellaria yildirimlii is an endemic species from Turkey and belongs to the family Lamiaceae which has a high number of medicinal and aromatic plants. It is crucial to determine the genetic potential of these rare and endemic species for conservation; therefore, 111 samples from 5 populations of S. yildirimlii were investigated with 15 Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) primers. The percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) of S. yildirimlii was determined as 93.9% at the species level and 56.5% at the average population level. The Shannon’s information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (H) were calculated as 0.292 and 0.183, respectively. Gene flow among populations (Nm) was obtained as 2.984. Also, the variation between and within the population was 16% and 84%, respectively. The distribution of populations concerning gene flow shows a correlation between Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) dendrogram and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) analysis. Structure analysis (ΔK=3) revealed that K test yielded maximum peaks for 3 groups. In addition, the population distribution resembled both the UPGMA and PCoA dendrograms.
Aqueous microRNA profiling in age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Choi Yeong A , Jeong Areum , Woo Chang-Hoon , Cha Soon Cheol , Park Do Young , Sagong Min 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Although many studies demonstrated the differences of clinical features, natural course, and response to treatment between typical age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), differential microRNAs (miRNAs) expression in the aqueous humor (AH) between them has not been reported yet. We investigated the roles of miRNAs in the AH of patients with typical AMD and PCV using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Target genes and predicted pathways of miRNAs were investigated via pathway enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. A total of 161 miRNAs from eyes with typical AMD and 185 miRNAs from eyes with PCV were differentially expressed. 33 miRNAs were commonly upregulated, and 77 miRNAs were commonly downregulated in both typical AMD and PCV groups. Among them, hsa-miR-140-5p, hsa-miR-374c-3p, and hsa-miR-200a-5p were differentially expressed and were predicted to regulate proteoglycans in cancer, p53 signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, and adherens junction. The differential expression profiles and target gene regulation networks of AH miRNAs may contribute to the development of different pathological phenotypes in typical AMD and PCV. The results of this study provide novel insights into the pathogenesis, associated prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets in AMD and PCV.