bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
D1244: Design and Construction of the First Adaptive High-Rise Experimental Building
Authors: Blandini Lucio , Haase Walter , Weidner Stefanie , Böhm Michael , Burghardt Timon , Roth Daniel , Sawodny Oliver , Sobek Werner 
Published: June 2022

An interdisciplinary research team of the University of Stuttgart has been working extensively since 2017 on the development and integration of adaptive systems and technologies in order to provide solutions for a more sustainable built environment. An experimental 36.5 m tall high-rise building, called D1244, was designed and completed in 2021 to show the potential of adaptive structures and facades as well as to verify on a real scale the developed systems and the related numerical predictions. The building was designed to offer a flexible experimental platform: each component is dismountable so that structural as well as facades elements can be replaced with new ones introducing new functionalities to be investigated. The structure is currently equipped with twenty-four hydraulic actuators that are installed in the columns and diagonal bracers. Strain gauge sensors and an optical tracking system are employed to monitor the state of the structural system. This paper describes the design and construction of the adaptive tower as well as the preliminary experimental testing on different scaled structural prototypes. The research work on these prototypes provided relevant information for the final set-up of the high-rise building. An outlook on future research, including the planned first structural testing phase and the implementation of adaptive façade systems, is included at the end.
The Application Value of Metagenomic and Whole-Genome Capture Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis and Epidemiological Analysis of Psittacosis
Authors: Duan Zhimei , Gao Yanqiu , Liu Bin , Sun Baohua , Li Shuangfeng , Wang Chenlei , Liu Dongli , Wang Kaifei , Zhang Ye , Lou Zheng , Xie Lixin , Xie Fei 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTo evaluate the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for the early diagnosis of psittacosis, and to investigate its epidemiology by whole-genome capture.MethodsTwenty-one bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood samples of 16 psittacosis patients from multiple centers during August 2019 to September 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. mNGS with normal datasets (10 M 75-bp single-end reads after sequencing) and larger datasets (30 M 150-bp paired-end reads after sequencing) as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to detect the pathogen. Also, whole-genome capture of Chlamydophila psittaci was applied to draw the phylogenetic tree.ResultsmNGS successfully detected the pathogen in all 16 cases (100%), while qPCR was positive only in 5 out of 10 cases (50%), indicating a significantly higher sensitivity of mNGS than qPCR (p &lt; 0.01). BALF-mNGS performed better than blood-mNGS (16/16 versus 3/5, p &lt; 0.05). In addition, larger datasets (the read counts have tripled, and the base number was 12-fold larger compared to clinical mNGS with a normal dataset) of mNGS showed significantly increased contents of human DNA (p &lt; 0.05) and decreased reads per million of the pathogen, suggesting no improvement. Whole-genome capture results of five samples (&gt;60% coverage and &gt;1 depth) were used to construct the phylogenetic tree.ConclusionSignificant advantages of mNGS with normal datasets were demonstrated in early diagnosing psittacosis. It is the first study to use whole-genome capture to analyze C. psittaci epidemiological information.
Demand Ischemia as a Predictor of Mortality in Older Patients With Delirium
Authors: Kumar Manish , Patil Shivaraj , Godoy Lucas Da Cunha , Kuo Chia-Ling , Swede Helen , Kuchel George A. , Chen Kai 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe impact of demand ischemia on clinical outcomes in patients with delirium remains largely unexplored. This study aims to evaluate the effects of demand ischemia in older patients with delirium on in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS) using the largest US inpatient care database, National Inpatient Sample (NIS).MethodsWe obtained data from the year 2010 to 2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS). We used the International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Edition-Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes to identify all the records with a primary or secondary diagnosis of delirium with or without demand ischemia and other clinical characteristics. We then compared in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS) in patients with and without demand ischemia.ResultsWe analyzed 232,137 records. Patients with demand ischemia had higher overall in-hospital mortality than those without demand ischemia (28 vs. 12%, p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for clinical comorbidities and complications, demand ischemia was no longer associated with increased in-hospital mortality (OR: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.96–1.35; p = 0.141). However, further analysis with the exclusion of critically ill patients with non-cardiogenic shock or mechanical ventilation showed a significant association of demand ischemia with increased in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.13–1.71; p = 0.002). Among non-critically ill survivors, patients with demand ischemia had a longer median LOS [4, (3–7) days] than those without demand ischemia [4, (2–6) days] (p &lt; 0.001). However, the difference was not statistically significant after adjustment for covariates.Conclusion/RelevanceDemand ischemia did not affect mortality in critically sick patients. In non-critically ill patients, however, demand ischemia was significantly associated with increased in-hospital mortality, likely due to the severity of the underlying acute illness. Measures aimed at mitigating risk factors that contribute to delirium and/or demand ischemia need to be explored.
Fabrication of a Flexible Aqueous Textile Zinc-Ion Battery in a Single Fabric Layer
Authors: Yong Sheng , Hillier Nicholas , Beeby Stephen 
Published: June 2022

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIB), with various manganese oxide-based cathodes, provide a promising solution for textile-based flexible energy storage devices. This paper demonstrates, for the first time, a flexible aqueous ZIB with manganese-based cathode fabricated in a single woven polyester cotton textile. The textile was functionalized with a flexible polymer membrane layer that fills the gaps between textile yarns, enabling fine control over the depth of penetration of the spray deposited manganese oxide cathode and zinc anode. This leaves an uncoated region in the textile-polymer network that acts as the battery’s separator. The textile battery cell was vacuum impregnated with the aqueous electrolyte, achieving good wettability of the electrodes with the electrolyte. Additionally, the choice of cathodic material and its influence over the electrochemical performance of the zinc ion battery was investigated with commercially available Manganese (IV) oxide and Manganese (II, III) oxide. The textile ZIB with Manganese (II, III) oxide cathode (10.9 mAh g−1 or 35.6 µA h.cm−2) achieved better performance than the textile ZIB with Manganese (IV) oxide (8.95 mAh g−1 or 24.2 µAh cm−2) at 1 mA cm−2 (0.3 A g−1). This work presents a novel all-textile battery architecture and demonstrates the capability of using manganese oxides as cathodes for a full textile-based flexible aqueous ZIB.
Sequential Screening Strategy in Early, Middle, and Late Pregnancy in Women at High Risk of Hyperglycemia
Authors: Xu Yi , Wei Qiang , Zhang Li , Duan Mei-fan , Wang Yue-mei , Huang Nan 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHyperglycaemia in pregnancy (HIP) is closely associated with short- and long-term adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. However, the screening and diagnostic strategies for pregnant women with risk factors for HIP are not set. This prospective study aimed to explore a screening strategy for women at high risk for HIP.MethodsA total of 610 pregnant women were divided into experimental (n=305) and control (n=305) groups. Pregnant women underwent a 75-g OGTT in early (&lt;20 weeks), middle (24–28 weeks), and late pregnancy (32–34 weeks) in the experimental group and only in middle pregnancy in the control group. The general conditions, HIP diagnosis, and perinatal outcomes of the two groups were compared.ResultsIn the experimental group, HIP was diagnosed in 29.51% (90/305), 13.44% (41/305), and 10.49% (32/305) of patient in early, middle, and late pregnancy, respectively. The total HIP diagnosis rate was significantly higher in the experimental group (53.44% vs. 35.74%, P&lt;0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (odds ratio, OR=9.676, P&lt;0.001), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥23 kg/m2 (OR=4.273, P&lt;0.001), and maternal age ≥35 years (OR=2.377, P=0.010) were risk factors for HIP diagnosis in early pregnancy. Previous GDM (OR=8.713, P=0.002) was a risk factor for HIP diagnosis in late pregnancy. No significant differences in perinatal clinical data were observed between the experimental and control groups. The gestational age at delivery was significantly earlier in the experimental subgroup with early-HIP than in the experimental and control subgroups with normal blood glucose (NBG). The weight gain during pregnancy was lower in the experimental early-HIP, middle-HIP, and control NBG subgroups.ConclusionsWe recommend sequential screening in early and middle pregnancy for high-risk pregnant women with maternal age ≥35 years or pre-pregnancy BMI ≥23 kg/m2, and in early, middle, and late pregnancy for high-risk pregnant women with a previous history of GDM.Trial RegistrationThis study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (no. ChiCTR2000041278).
Association Between Circulating Regulator of Calcineurin 2 Concentrations With Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Wang Hongya , Fang Xia , Ren Qian , Zeng Yan , Tan Xiaozhen , Ye Ting , Fan Jiahao , Xu Yong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundRegulator of calcineurin 2 (RCAN2) has been reported to promote food intake and weight gain in animal studies. However, its effect on body weight in humans is unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum RCAN2 concentrations and participants with overweight/obesity.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed in 872 Chinese adults, including 348 participants with normal weight (NW), 397 participants with overweight (OW), and 127 participants with obesity (OB). All participants were divided into NW, OW and OB groups according to their body mass index (BMI). Serum RCAN2 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsSerum RCAN2 concentrations gradually increased with the increase of BMI (p &lt; 0.001). The percentages of OW/OB gradually increased in tandem with increasing tertiles of RCAN2 (p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, serum RCAN2 concentrations were significantly correlated with a series of anthropometric and metabolic parameters, predominantly including body weight, BMI, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C (all p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of OW/OB was significantly increased with the increase of serum RCAN2 concentrations. Receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that serum RCAN2, especially serum RCAN2/(AST/ALT) ratio, might serve as a candidate biomarker for obesity.ConclusionSerum RCAN2 concentrations were increased in subjects with OW/OB. The increased serum RCAN2 concentrations were associated with the increased risks of OW/OB.
Characterization of the Soil Prokaryotic Community With Respect to Time and Fertilization With Animal Waste–Based Digestate in a Humid Continental Climate
Authors: Suproniene Skaidre , Doyeni Modupe Olufemi , Viti Carlo , Tilvikiene Vita , Pini Francesco 
Published: June 2022

There is a renewed global awareness to improve soil health through the intensification and management of organic inputs such as the application of animal waste–based digestate and other types of organic fertilizers to the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different types of animal waste–based digestate application on soil prokaryotic diversity and composition in an agricultural cropping system over a period of 3 years, cultivated with three different annual cereal crops (spring wheat, triticale, and barley). Treatments were laid out in a randomized design with five conditions (three replicates per condition): fertilizer treatments included three different types of digestate (pig manure, chicken manure, and cow manure digestates), synthetic mineral nitrogen, and unfertilized control. Prokaryotic soil communities were characterized by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The three most abundant phyla identified were Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria, which accounted for over 55% of the total prokaryotic community. Other phylogenetic groups such as Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes were also identified as part of the native soil microbiota. It was observed that the period of digestate application did not significantly influence the prokaryotic diversity in the soil. On the contrary, sampling time was a major factor in driving β-diversity. A correlation with soil pH was also observed for several taxonomic groups, indicating its importance in shaping prokaryotic community composition. Our study showed that the richness and diversity of the soil prokaryotic community were not affected by digestate application, while other factors such as the yearly crop varieties and seasonal/climate changes were the major contributors to differentiating the prokaryotic community composition over time.
The Source Mechanism and Fault Movement Characterization of the 2022 Mw6.7 Menyuan Earthquake Revealed by the Joint Inversion With InSAR and Teleseismic Observations
Authors: Bao Xin , Zhang Rui , Wang Ting , Shama Age , Zhan RunQing , Lv Jichao , Wu Renzhe , Fu Yin , Liu Guoxiang 
Published: June 2022

The characteristics of active fault movements are essential for estimating the earthquake potential on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in a complex geological setting. The 2022 Menyuan Mw6.7 earthquake was studied by a joint seismological and geodetic methodology to deepen the scientific understanding of the source parameters and deformation mechanisms. Firstly, the entire InSAR co-seismic deformation field is obtained based on ascending and descending Sentinel-1A imagery. Subsequently, a Bayesian algorithm is applied in fault geometry and slip distribution determination by combining InSAR measurements and teleseismic data. And the fault movement characteristics of the 2022 Menyuan earthquake are analyzed. Finally, a comprehensive “surface-subsurface" analysis of the effects caused by this earthquake was carried out by combining InSAR and fault data. The results demonstrate that the ground settlement and uplift induced by the 2022 Menyuan earthquake are significant, with a maximum relative deformation of 56 cm. The seismogenic fault is on the junction of the Lenglongling (LLL) and Tuolaishan (TLS) faults, and the main body is in the western part of the LLL fault, a high dip left-lateral strike-slip fault with NWW-SEE strike. The slip distribution results indicate that the largest slip of 3.45 m occurs at about 5 km below the ground, and the earthquake magnitude is Mw6.63. And further analysis by integrated geological structure and inversion results reveals that the earthquakes that occurred on the North Lenglongling Fault (NLLL) in 1986 and 2016 have contributed to the 2022 Menyuan earthquake.
Genetic Variations in Metallothionein Genes and Susceptibility to Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Wei Shudan , Yu Xiangyuan , Wen Xiaolan , Zhang Min , Lang Qi , Zhong Ping , Huang Bo 
Published: June 2022

Background: The involvement of oxidative stress in the pathological process of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) gives rise to the interest in exploring the association of genetic variations in antioxidant metallothionein (MT) genes with HDP susceptibility.Methods: Seventeen single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in MT genes were selected to conduct genotyping based on a case-control study consisting of 371 HDP cases (pregnancy with chronic hypertension (66), gestational hypertension (172), and preeclampsia or preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension (133)) and 479 controls. The association between SNPs in MTs and the risk of HDP was estimated with unconditional logistic regression analysis and further tested with the false-positive report probability (FPRP) procedure. The joint effects of SNPs on the HDP risk were assessed by haplotype analysis.Results: After the adjustment for age and pre-pregnancy body mass index (pre-BMI) in the logistic regress analysis and followed by the FPRP test, the genetic variation rs10636 (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30–0.71 for GG vs. CC, p = 0.000 and OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.32–0.73 for GG vs. CG/CC, p = 0.001) in MT2A was associated with gestational hypertension. Other four SNPs, that is, rs11076161 (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.35–2.63 for GG vs. GA/AA, p = 0.000) in MT1A; rs7191779 (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.11–2.13 for CC vs. CG/GG, p = 0.010) in MT1B; rs8044719 (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40–0.80 for GT vs. GG, p = 0.001) in MT1DP; and rs8052334 (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.10–2.11 for TT vs. TC/CC, p = 0.012) in MT1B were significantly associated with the susceptibility of HDP. The haplotype analysis among 11, 10, 10, and seven SNPs in MT (MT1A, MT2A, MT1M, MT1B, and MT1DP) genes showed that eight (A-C-G-T-C-G-A-G-C-G-C, OR = 4.559; A-C-T-C-C-C-A-G-C-G-C, OR = 5.777; A-C-T-T-C-G-A-G-C-G-C, OR = 4.590; G-A-T-C-C-G-C-G-G-C-C, OR = 4.065; G-A-T-C-G-C-C-G-G-C-C, OR = 4.652; G-A-T-T-C-C-C-G-G-C-C, OR = 0.404; G-C-T-C-C-C-A-G-G-C-C, OR = 1.901; G-C-T-T-C-C-A-G-G-C-C, and OR = 3.810), five (C-G-A-T-C-A-C-C-G-G, OR = 2.032; C-G-A-T-C-G-C-C-G-G, OR = 2.077; G-A-C-T-C-A-C-C-T-G, OR = 0.564; G-G-A-G-C-A-C-C-G-G, OR = 5.466; G-G-A-T-T-A-G-C-G-G, and OR = 0.284), five (A-C-G-T-C-G-A-G-C-C, OR = 2.399; A-C-T-C-C-C-C-T-G-G, OR = 0.259; G-A-T-C-C-C-C-G-G-C, OR = 1.572; G-A-T-C-G-C-C-G-G-C, OR = 0.001; G-C-T-C-G-C-A-G-G-C, and OR = 2.512), and five (A-C-T-C-C-C-G, OR = 0.634; G-A-G-C-C-C-G, OR = 4.047; G-A-T-T-G-C-G, OR = 0.499; G-C-G-T-C-A-G, and OR = 7.299; G-C-T-C-C-A-G, OR = 1.434) haplotypes were significantly associated with pregnancy with chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension and HDP.Conclusion: These variant MT alleles and their combination patterns may be used as genetic markers for predicting HDP susceptibility.
Methods for Measuring and Identifying Sounds in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Naef Aileen C. , Knobel Samuel E. J. , Ruettgers Nicole , Jeitziner Marie-Madlen , Holtforth Martin grosse , Zante Bjoern , Schefold Joerg C. , Nef Tobias , Gerber Stephan M. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDespite many studies in the field examining excessive noise in the intensive care unit, this issue remains an ongoing problem. A limiting factor in the progress of the field is the inability to draw conclusions across studies due to the different and poorly reported approaches used. Therefore, the first goal is to present a method for the general measurement of sound pressure levels and sound sources, with precise details and reasoning, such that future studies can use these procedures as a guideline. The two procedures used in the general method will outline how to record sound pressure levels and sound sources, using sound level meters and observers, respectively. The second goal is to present the data collected using the applied method to show the feasibility of the general method and provide results for future reference.MethodsThe general method proposes the use of two different procedures for measuring sound pressure levels and sound sources in the intensive care unit. The applied method uses the general method to collect data recorded over 24-h, examining two beds in a four-bed room, via four sound level meters and four observers each working one at a time.ResultsThe interrater reliability of the different categories was found to have an estimate of &gt;0.75 representing good and excellent estimates, for 19 and 16 of the 24 categories, for the two beds examined. The equivalent sound pressure levels (LAeq) for the day, evening, and night shift, as an average of the sound level meters in the patient room, were 54.12, 53.37, and 49.05 dBA. In the 24-h measurement period, talking and human generated sounds occurred for a total of 495 (39.29% of the time) and 470 min (37.30% of the time), at the two beds of interest, respectively.ConclusionA general method was described detailing two independent procedures for measuring sound pressure levels and sound sources in the ICU. In a continuous data recording over 24 h, the feasibility of the proposed general method was confirmed. Moreover, good and excellent interrater reliability was achieved in most categories, making them suitable for future studies.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward the Prevention of COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Raquib Ahsan , Raquib Radwan , Jamil Safayet , Hossain Ahmed , al-Mamun Firoj , Mamun Mohammed A. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundNumerous studies on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) about the prevention of COVID-19 infections are available in Bangladeshi contexts, with results that vary significantly. However, no earlier attempt has been made to analyze the available COVID-19 KAP studies in Bangladesh, which is incorporated in this meta-analysis for the first time.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA guidelines, articles relevant to COVID-19 KAP that were conducted among the Bangladeshi population were found in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate. Random-effect meta-analysis was used to generate a pooled prevalence of knowledge, attitude, and practice level toward the prevention of COVID-19 infection.ResultsThis review included 18 articles that were published between March 2020 and November 2021. Overall, 89.87% (95% CI: 67.71–97.40) understood about COVID-19 symptoms, 92.09% (95% CI: 84.32–96.18) knew about how it spreads, and 79.51% (95% CI: 59.38–91.15) knew about how to treat it. The public's perception of controlling COVID-19 is mixed, with only 44.16% (95% CI: 35.74–52.93) and 60.28% (95% CI: 49.22–70.38) believing the country would win the struggle against the pandemic and the infection will be successfully controlled, respectively. Although overall COVID-19 preventative practice was good, subgroup analysis found that men had a poor practice toward controlling the infection. The practice of avoiding crowded places (70.15%) and maintaining social distance (77.17%) was found to be satisfactory in institution-based studies.ConclusionThe findings of this study revealed that the Bangladeshi population had a good awareness of COVID-19 symptoms, treatment, attitudes, and behaviors. The findings of this study are likely to aid Bangladeshi governments and policymakers in putting evidence into action by identifying gaps and emphasizing the importance of educating the less informed public about COVID-19 transmission.