bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An indirect method to determine nonlinearly elastic shear stress-strain constitutive relationships for nonlinear torsional vibration of nonlinearly elastic shafts
Authors: Lin Fan , Peng Jianshe , Xue Shifeng , Yang Jie 
Published: June 2022

PurposeIn this paper, the authors aim to propose an effective method to indirectly determine nonlinear elastic shear stress-strain constitutive relationships for nonlinear elasticity materials, and then study the nonlinear free torsional vibration of Al–1%Si shaft.Design/methodology/approachIn this study the authors use BoxLucas1 model to fit the determined-experimentally nonlinear elastic normal stress–strain constitutive relationship curve of Al–1%Si, a typical case of isotropic nonlinear elasticity materials, and then derive its nonlinear shear stress-strain constitutive relationships based on the fitting constitutive relationships and general equations of plane-stress and plane-strain transformation. Hamilton’s principle is utilized to gain nonlinear governing equation and boundary conditions for free torsional vibration of Al–1%Si shaft. Differential quadrature method and an iterative algorithm are employed to numerically solve the gained equations of motion.Findings The effect of four variables, namely dimensionless fundamental vibration amplitude ϑmax, radius α and length β, and nonlinear-elasticity intensity factor δ, on frequencies and mode shapes of the shafts is obtained. Numerical results are in good agreement with reference solutions, and show that compared with linearly elastic shear stress-strain constitutive relationships of the shafts made of the nonlinear elasticity materials, its actual nonlinearly elastic shear stress-strain constitutive relationships have smaller torsion frequencies. In addition, but β having opposite hardening effect, the rest of the four variables have softening effect on nonlinearly elastic torsion frequencies. Eventually, taking into account nonlinearly elastic shear stress-strain constitutive relationships, changes of the four factors, i.e. ϑmax, α, β and δ, cause inflation and deflation behaviors of mode shapes in nonlinear free torsional vibration.Originality/valueThe study could provide a reference for indirectly determining nonlinear elastic shear stress-strain constitutive relationships for nonlinear elasticity materials and for structure design of torsional shaft made of nonlinear elasticity materials.
Multispecies biofilms in fermentation: Biofilm formation, microbial interactions, and communication
Authors: Yao Shangjie , Hao Liying , Zhou Rongqing , Jin Yao , Huang Jun , Wu Chongde 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFood fermentation is driven by microorganisms, which usually coexist as multispecies biofilms. The activities and interactions of functional microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria in biofilms have important implications for the quality and safety of fermented foods. It was verified that the biofilm lifestyle benefited the fitness of microorganisms in harsh environments and intensified the cooperation and competition between biofilm members. This review focuses on multispecies biofilm formation, microbial interactions and communication in biofilms, and the application of multispecies biofilms in food fermentation. Microbial aggregation and adhesion are important steps in the early stage of multispecies biofilm formation. Different biofilm‐forming abilities and strategies among microorganisms lead to several types of multispecies biofilm formation. The spatial distribution of multispecies biofilms reflects microbial interactions and biofilm function. Then, we discuss the intrinsic factors and external manifestations of multispecies biofilm system succession. Several typical interspecies cooperation and competition modes and mechanisms of microbial communication were reviewed in this review. The main limitations of the studies included in this review are the relatively small number of studies of biofilms formed by functional microorganisms during fermentation and the lack of direct evidence for the formation process of multispecies biofilms and microbial interactions and communication within biofilms. This review aims to provide the food industry with a sufficient understanding of multispecies biofilms in food fermentation.Practical Application: Meanwhile, it offers a reference value for better controlling and utilizing biofilms during food fermentation process, and the improvement of the yield, quality, and safety of fermented products including Chinese Baijiu, cheeese,kefir, soy sauce, kombucha, and fermented olive.
Does Space Law Prevent Patterns of Antarctic Imperialism in Outer Space?
Authors: Padden Henry 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article will consider the ways states have exercised imperialism over Antarctica, focusing on two methods: the use of administrative acts and control over scientific research and resources. The article will then compare the Outer Space Treaty and the Antarctic Treaty System around these two methods, as well as the use of military capabilities as an important aspect of imperial control, to question whether space law prohibits imperialism. The Outer Space Treaty seeks to prevent the militarisation of space, the unequal use of resources and claims of sovereignty. However, given the methods of imperialism on Antarctica and the underdevelopment of space law, this kind of imperialism may also be exercised in outer space. It will argue that while formal sovereignty claims are prevented, de facto exclusive claims are not. The establishment of permanent bases under the jurisdiction of the sender state, and the commercial opportunities presented by scientific research and the exploitation of resources create incentives for the use of the military which is also not satisfactorily regulated by international space law.
An oldest‐old non‐small cell lung cancer patient with abscopal effect in a single lesion
Authors: Sakaguchi Tadashi , Ito Kentaro , Fujiwara Kentaro , Nishii Yoichi , Ochiai Satoru , Nomoto Yoshihito , Hataji Osamu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe abscopal effect without concomitant immunotherapy is a rare event, including among cases of lung cancer. Furthermore, the occurrence of limited abscopal effect for only a single lesion in the metastatic organ consistent with the irradiated organ would be an even more rare event. A 94‐year‐old man was diagnosed with advanced lung cancer with osteolytic bone metastases in his right iliac bone, and the right side of his axial vertebrae. After palliative radiation therapy to the right iliac lesion for pain relief without other anticancer therapy, the axial vertebral osteolytic lesion disappeared despite no reduction in the other lesions. This case furthers our understanding of the pathogenesis of the abscopal effect.
A novel technique of ultrasound‐guided lateral cutaneous branch of the iliohypogastric nerve block: A cadaveric study
Authors: Tavoletti Diego , Nanka Ondrej , Rosano' Elisabetta , Cerchiara Paolo , Cerutti Elisabetta , Pecora Luca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe lateral cutaneous branch of the iliohypogastric nerve (LCBIN) block combined with the lateral femoral cutaneous, superior cluneal and subcostal nerve blocks has been shown to provide complete anaesthetic coverage for the incisions used for hip arthroplasty. Successful ultrasound‐guided selective nerve blocks have been described for these nerves, except for the LCBIN. The objective of this cadaveric study was to determine the position of the LCBIN in order to provide the anatomical basis for an ultrasound‐guided nerve block approach. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the spread of injected dye after using the ultrasound‐guided nerve block approach.MethodsThe LCBIN and its relationship with iliac crest (IC) was assessed bilaterally in 27 adult cadaveric dissections. Bilaterally, in two cadavers, an ultrasound transducer was applied transversely above the IC and moved in caudal or cranial direction to identify the LCBIN. A needle was inserted in‐plane and 3 ml of a solution with methylene blue was injected and confirmed by dissection.ResultsThe mean distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the point where the LCBIN crossed the IC was 9.74 ± 0.84 cm. The mean distance from the point where the nerve pierced the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle to the point where it crossed the IC was 0.59 ± 0.77 cm. The nerve was easily visualised in 3 out of 4 sides using ultrasound. However, the nerve was coloured in all cases.ConclusionThe present study showed that the LCBIN has a constant location and is sonographically easy visualized in a well‐defined anatomical space. Thus, the ultrasound guided LCBIN block may be an alternative to the blind injection technique.
Understanding short‐term price pressure from index reconstitutions: Evidence from the CSI 300
Authors: Chu Gang , Goodell John W. , Li Xiao , Zhang Yongjie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMotivated by the mixed results of the few prior studies, we focus on the short‐term price performance of stocks added to or deleted from the CSI 300 Index. Consistent with the price pressure hypothesis, we evidence a temporary change in the prices of respective added and deleted stocks, followed by subsequent price reversions. To reconcile past studies, we also test several explanatory factors as potential sources of short‐term price pressure. Results show that changes in investor trading behaviour, investor awareness, firm risk, and liquidity explain the short‐term price pressure of added and deleted stocks, while changes in institutional trading, realised volatility, and liquidity explain the differences in the impact of reconstitutions between added and deleted stocks.
Factors associated with persistent opioid use 6–12 months after primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Kluger M. T. , Rice D. A. , Borotkanics R. , Lewis G. N. , Somogyi A. A. , Barratt D. T. , Walker M. , McNair P. J. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryPersistent pain following knee arthroplasty occurs in up to 20% of patients and may require ongoing analgesia, including extended opioid administration. A comprehensive secondary analysis was performed from results of a study that considered persistent postoperative pain in 242 patients who underwent unilateral knee arthroplasty using a standardised enhanced recovery programme. Opioid prescribing for 12 months before and 12 months after surgery was evaluated and converted to oral morphine equivalents. Demographic, functional, psychological and pain questionnaires were completed along with quantitative sensory testing and genetic analysis. Forty‐nine percent of patients had at least one opioid prescription in the 12 months before surgery. Opioid prescriptions were filled in 93% of patients from discharge to 3 months and in 27% of patients ≥6 months after surgery. Persistent opioid use ≥6 months after surgery was strongly associated with pre‐operative opioid use (RR 3.2, p < 0.001 (95%CI 1.9–5.4)). The median (IQR [range]) oral morphine equivalent daily dose was 3.6 (0.9–10.5 [0–100.0]) mg pre‐operatively, 35.0 (22.5–52.5 [4.6–180.0]) mg in hospital, 12.8 (5.1–24.8 [0–57.9]) mg from discharge to 3 months and 5.9 (4.5–12.0 [0–44.5]) mg at ≥6 months following surgery. Predictors of increased daily oral morphine equivalent ≥6 months after surgery included increased average daily oral morphine equivalent dose compared with previous values (lag), increased body mass index and three or more comorbid pain sites. Persistent opioid use was not associated with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain (RR 1.003, p = 0.655, 95%CI 0.65–1.002) or WOMAC function (RR 1.001, p = 0.99, 95%CI 0.99–1.03) outcomes 6 months after surgery. There was no association between persistent opioid use and pre‐operative quantitative sensory testing results or psychological distress. Pre‐operatively, patients with a higher body mass index, more comorbid pain sites and those who had filled an opioid prescription in the last 12 months, were at increased risk of persistent opioid use and a higher oral morphine equivalent daily dose ≥ 6 months after surgery. Strategies need to be developed to limit dose and duration of persistent opioid use in patients following knee arthroplasty surgery.
Survival of patients with small bowel neuroendocrine neoplasms in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: McGuinness Matthew J. , Woodhouse Braden , Harmston Christopher , Parker Kate , Kramer Nicole , Findlay Michael , Print Cristin , Merrie Arend , Lawrence Ben 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundSmall intestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (SI‐NENs) are the most common primary malignancy of the small bowel. The aim of this study is to define the survival of patients with an SI‐NEN in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ).MethodsA retrospective study of all patients diagnosed with a jejunal or ileal SI‐NEN in the Auckland region between 2000 and 2012 was performed. The New Zealand NETwork! Registry was searched to identify the study cohort. Retrospective data collection was performed to collect stage, survival and follow up data.ResultsOne hundred and seven patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 62.8 years (SD 11.9). The 5 and 10‐year disease‐specific survival for all patients was 66.1% (95% CI 56.5–75.7%) and 61.8% (95% CI 51.8–71.8%), respectively. Ten‐year disease‐specific survival was 100% for stage I and II, 74% (95%CI 61.7–84.4%) for stage III and 33.9% (95%CI 16.9–35.6%) for stage IV SI‐NEN. Eleven of 40 (27.5%) patients with stage III disease had recurrence and 3 of 7 (42.8%) patients with stage IV disease had recurrence. In patients with stage IV disease, neither primary resection (HR 2.25, 95% CI 0.92–5.5) nor distant resection (HR 1.72, 95% CI 0.63–4.7) were significantly associated with a disease‐specific or overall survival benefit.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that stage at SI‐NEN diagnosis is associated with survival, but resection of the primary or distant metastases in patients with stage IV disease is not. There was no recurrence in patients with stage I or II disease after complete resection.
General Independent Censoring in Event-Driven Trials with Staggered Entry
Authors: Rühl Jasmin , Beyersmann Jan , Friedrich Sarah 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Randomized clinical trials with time-to-event endpoints are frequently stopped after a prespecified number of events has been observed. This practice leads to dependent data and nonrandom censoring, which can in general not be solved by conditioning on the underlying baseline information. In case of staggered study entry, matters are complicated substantially. The present paper demonstrates that the study design at hand entails general independent censoring in the counting process sense, provided that the analysis is based on study time information only. To illustrate that the filtrations must not use abundant information, we simulated data of event-driven trials and evaluated them by means of Cox regression models with covariates for the calendar times. The Breslow curves of the cumulative baseline hazard showed considerable deviations, which implies that the analysis is disturbed by conditioning on the calendar time variables. A second simulation study further revealed that Efron's classical bootstrap, unlike the (martingale-based) wild bootstrap, may lead to biased results in the given setting, as the assumption of random censoring is violated. This is exemplified by an analysis of data on immunotherapy in patients with advanced, previously treated nonsmall cell lung cancer.
d‐Pinitol promotes tau dephosphorylation through a cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 regulation mechanism: A new potential approach for tauopathies?
Authors: Medina‐Vera Dina , Navarro Juan Antonio , Rivera Patricia , Rosell‐Valle Cristina , Gutiérrez‐Adán Alfonso , Sanjuan Carlos , López‐Gambero Antonio Jesús , Tovar Rubén , Suárez Juan , Pavón Francisco Javier , Baixeras Elena , Decara Juan , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando 
Published: June 2022

Background and PurposeRecent evidence links brain insulin resistance with neurodegenerative diseases, where hyperphosphorylated tau protein contributes to neuronal cell death. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate if d‐pinitol inositol, which acts as an insulin sensitizer, affects the phosphorylation status of tau protein.Experimental ApproachWe studied the pharmacological effect of d‐pinitol on insulin signalling and tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus of Wistar and Zucker rats. To this end, we evaluated by western blotting the Akt pathway and its downstream proteins as being one of the main insulin‐mediator pathways. Also, we explored the functional status of additional kinases phosphorylating tau, including PKA, ERK1/2, AMPK and CDK5. We utilized the 3xTg mouse model as a control for tauopathy, since it carries tau mutations that promote phosphorylation and aggregation.Key ResultsSurprisingly, we discovered that oral d‐pinitol treatment lowered tau phosphorylation significantly, but not through the expected kinase GSK‐3 regulation. An extensive search for additional kinases phosphorylating tau revealed that this effect was mediated through a mechanism dependent on the reduction of the activity of the CDK5, affecting both its p35 and p25 subunits. This effect disappeared in leptin‐deficient Zucker rats, uncovering that the association of leptin deficiency, obesity, dyslipidaemia and hyperinsulinaemia abrogates d‐pinitol actions on tau phosphorylation. The 3xTg mice confirmed d‐pinitol effectiveness in a genetic AD‐tauopathy.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe present findings suggest that d‐pinitol, by regulating CDK5 activity through a decrease of CDK5R1, is a potential drug for developing treatments for neurological disorders such as tauopathies.
Synthesis and anti‐tumor activity of Fissitungfine B compounds
Authors: Zhou Shiyang , Zhou Xiaofeng , Huang Gangliang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn order to explore the potential anti‐tumor activity functional molecules, a series of Fissitungfine B derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their anti‐tumor activity effects on Hela, MCF‐7 and A‐549 cell lines were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that some of these Fissitungfine B derivatives exhibited moderate to good anti‐tumor activities. Especially, compound 4 g with the highest inhibitory activities against all tested cell lines with the Hela was IC50 = 3.82 ± 0.56 μM, MCF‐7 was IC50 = 5.53 ± 0.68 μM, and A‐549 was IC50 = 4.55 ± 0.53 μM. Furthermore, the compounds 4 g have higher inhibitory effects on TDP2 in vitro. In vivo, the biological activities assay results showed that the target compound 4 g had a good inhibitory effect on tumor growth. The target compound 4 g could inhibit tumor growth well, which might be use as a candidate drug or lead compound for further research and development anti‐tumor agents.
Importance of keratinized mucosa around dental implants: Consensus report of group 1 of the DGI/SEPA/Osteology Workshop
Authors: Sanz Mariano , Schwarz Frank , Herrera David , McClain Pamela , Figuero Elena , Molina Ana , Monje Alberto , Montero Eduardo , Pascual Andrés , Ramanauskaite Ausra , Renouard Franck , Sader Robert , Schiegnitz Eik , Urban Itsvan , Heitz‐Mayfield Lisa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the literature on (i) the relevance of the presence of a minimum dimension of keratinized peri‐implant mucosa (KPIM) to maintain the health and stability of peri‐implant tissues, and; (ii) the surgical interventions and grafting materials used for augmenting the dimensions of the KPIM when there is a minimal amount or absence of it.Material & MethodsTwo systematic reviews complemented by expert opinion from workshop group participants served as the basis of the consensus statements, implications for clinical practice and future research, and were approved in plenary session by all workshop participants.ResultsThirty‐four consensus statements, eight implications for clinical practice, and 13 implications for future research were discussed and agreed upon. There is no consistent data on the incidence of peri‐implant mucositis relative to the presence or absence of KPIM. However, reduced KPIM width is associated with increased biofilm accumulation, soft‐tissue inflammation, greater patient discomfort, mucosal recession, marginal bone loss and an increased prevalence of peri‐implantitis. Free gingival autogenous grafts were considered the standard of care surgical intervention to effectively increase the width of KPIM. However, substitutes of xenogeneic origin may be an alternative to autogenous tissues, since similar results when compared to connective tissue grafts were reported.ConclusionPresence of a minimum width of KPIM should be assessed routinely in patients with implant supported restorations, and when associated with pathological changes in the peri‐implant mucosa, its dimensions may be surgically increased using autogenous grafts or soft‐tissue substitutes with evidence of proven efficacy.
The alcohol self‐presentation model: Using thematic qualitative analysis to elucidate how college students self‐present via alcohol‐related social media posts
Authors: Steers Mai‐Ly N. , Mannheim Lene C. , Ward Rose Marie , Tanygin Angela B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionPosting and viewing of alcohol‐related content to social media is prevalent among college students and is related to problematic drinking. However, the cognitive self‐presentation and self‐monitoring processes behind users' alcohol‐related content posts to different platforms are largely unknown.MethodsThrough in‐depth, qualitative interviews with college students (n = 15) who drink heavily and post alcohol‐related content regularly, we developed the Alcohol Self‐Presentation Model.ResultsUsing a multi‐step thematic analysis approach, the themes of protectiveness and acquisitiveness emerged; these themes served as the basis of our model. In total, three protectiveness (perceived permanence of the content, privacy and reputation concerns) factors and four acquisitiveness (provocative, impulsive, high‐status, maintaining relevance and connections) factors were derived.Discussion and ConclusionsOur model delineated the alcohol self‐presentations which allowed participants to demonstrate disparate versions of themselves to certain social media audiences. Our results illuminated that what people identify as being alcohol‐related content, and what motivates the individual to post alcohol‐related content, are essential to better comprehending how their alcohol‐related content uniquely contributes to their drinking. Understanding students' alcohol self‐presentations is important since their alcohol‐related content may be putting themselves, and others, at‐risk by perpetuating patterns of frequent posting and heavy drinking within the network. Our model may inform future behavioural interventions targeting the reduction of drinking among young people who are active on social media.