bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of enzalutamide on quality of life in men with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer based on prior therapy, risk, and symptom subgroups
Authors: Stenzl Arnulf , Szmulewitz Russell Z. , Petrylak Daniel , Holzbeierlein Jeffrey , Villers Arnauld , Azad Arun , Alcaraz Antonio , Alekseev Boris , Iguchi Taro , Shore Neal D. , Gomez‐Veiga Francisco , Ivanescu Cristina , Rosbrook Brad , Ramaswamy Krishnan , Ganguli Arijit , Haas Gabriel P. , Armstrong Andrew J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEnzalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improved radiographic progression‐free survival versus ADT alone in patients with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) in ARCHES (NCT02677896). While health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) was generally maintained in the intent‐to‐treat population, we further analyzed patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in defined subgroups.MethodsARCHES was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase 3 study. Patients with mHSPC received enzalutamide (160 mg/day) plus ADT (n = 574) or placebo plus ADT (n = 576). Questionnaires, including the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy−Prostate, Brief Pain Inventory−Short Form, and EuroQol 5‐Dimension, 5‐Level (EQ‐5D‐5L), were completed at baseline, Week 13, and every 12 weeks until disease progression. PRO endpoints were time to first confirmed clinically meaningful deterioration (TTFCD) in HRQoL or pain. Subgroups included prognostic risk, pain/HRQoL, prior docetaxel, and local therapy (radical prostatectomy [RP] and/or radiotherapy [RT]).ResultsThere were several between‐treatment differences in TTFCD for pain and functioning/HRQoL PROs. Enzalutamide plus ADT delayed TTFCD for worst pain in the prior RT group (not reached vs. 14.06 months; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.56 [95% confidence interval: 0.34−0.94]) and pain interference in low‐baseline‐HRQoL group (19.32 vs. 11.20 months; HR: 0.64 [0.44−0.94]) versus placebo plus ADT. In prior/no prior RP, prior RT, prior local therapy, no prior docetaxel, mild baseline pain, and low‐risk subgroups, TTFCD was delayed for the EQ‐5D‐5L visual analog scale.ConclusionEnzalutamide plus ADT provides clinical benefits in defined patient subgroups versus ADT alone, while maintaining lack of pain and high HRQoL, with delayed deterioration in several HRQoL measures.
Root‐knot nematode damage to a cucurbit double crop is increased by chloropicrin fumigation on the previous tomato crop
Authors: Desaeger Johan A , Bui Hung X 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDDouble‐cropping is a common practice in vegetable plasticulture whereby a second crop is planted on the same plastic bed as the first crop. Root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are one of the major soilborne constraints in double‐cropped vegetables due to nematode population build‐up on the first crop. We evaluated the effect of fumigant and non‐fumigant nematicides applied on the first crop, on nematode infection and yield of the second crop in 10 field trials between 2017 and 2020. Fumigants were chloropicrin (Pic100), chloropicrin +1,3‐D (PicClor60), and non‐fumigant nematicides were oxamyl (Vydate), fluensulfone (Nimitz), fluopyram (Velum) and fluazaindolizine (Salibro). The first crop was tomato and double crops were cucumber, squash, zucchini, and cantaloupe.RESULTSFumigation with chloropicrin on the first crop increased root‐knot nematode damage on the double‐crop at the end of the season in seven trials, while the opposite was noted in one trial, and no difference was noted in two trials. Fumigation with chloropicrin+1,3‐D resulted in root‐knot nematode damage less than chloropicrin but more than non‐fumigated plots. Cucurbit yield was greater in non‐fumigated beds in four trials, and in chloropicrin‐treated beds in two trials. Fluensulfone reduced root‐knot nematode damage on the second crop in five out of 10 trials.CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that chloropicrin applied on the tomato crop may lead to increased root‐knot nematode damage on the double crop. More research is needed to understand the processes behind this, but it is possibly related to a reduction in natural nematode soil suppressiveness due to the broad‐spectrum fungicidal activity of chloropicrin. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
An Appearance Data‐Driven Model Visualizes Cell State and Predicts Mesenchymal Stem Cell Regenerative Capacity
Authors: Wu Di , Zhao Lu , Sui Bingdong , Tan Lingping , Lu Lu , Mao Xueli , Liao Guiqing , Shi Songtao , Cao Yang , Yang Xiaobao , Kou Xiaoxing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in treating various diseases. However, lack of a reliable evaluation approach to characterize the potency of MSCs has dampened their clinical applications. Here, a function‐oriented mathematical model is established to evaluate and predict the regenerative capacity (RC) of MSCs. Processed by exhaustive testing, the model excavates four optimal fitted indices, including nucleus roundness, nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, side‐scatter height, and ERK1/2 from the given index combinations. Notably, three of them except ERK1/2 are cell appearance‐associated features. The predictive power of the model is validated via screening experiments of these indices by predicting the RC of newly enrolled and chemical inhibitor‐treated MSCs. Further RNA‐sequencing analysis reveals that cell appearance‐based indices may serve as major indicators to visualize the results of integration‐weighted signals in and out of cells and reflect MSC stemness. In general, this study proposes an appearance data‐driven predictive model for the RC and stemness of MSCs.
Mathematical Modeling and Characterization of Starch Nanocrystals Synthesized from Pearl Millet Varieties with Different Amylose Content
Authors: Bhardwaj Mamta , Sandhu Kawaljit Singh , Saxena D. C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, mathematical model equations are proposed for synthesis of starch nanocrystals from pearl millet varieties, HHB 67 and ProAgro 9444, differing in amylose content. Acid hydrolysis parameters, temperature, acid concentration, and hydrolysis time are optimized, thereafter, characterization of starch nanocrystals is done. Starch extraction is done by wet milling, yield, and amylose content of 41.23% and 15.05% for HHB 67 and, 45.66% and 20.21% for ProAgro 9444, respectively, are obtained. Rate constant values of kinetic studies reflect dependency of yield on temperature, duration, and acid concentration. Full factorial design is used for obtaining the model equations and optimizing the process parameters. Optimized yield of 19.12% and hydrodynamic diameter of 152 nm are obtained for HHB67 at 3.19 M acid concentration for 3 days at 45 °C, and for ProAgro9444 (15.68%, 200 nm) at 3.24 M acid concentration for 3 days at 45 °C. Yield is less, hydrodynamic particle size is more for ProAgro 9444 as compared to HHB 67. Morphological characteristics reveal irregular polygonal native starch granules whereas nanocrystals are spherical (30–70 nm). The crystallinity index increases appreciably after hydrolysis. No gelatinization behavior is observed in pasting curve for nanocrystals. Moreover, steady shear curves depict pseudoplastic behavior.
Permanent surgical luxation of the superficial digital flexor tendon in the management of a case of chronic septic calcaneal osteomyelitis
Authors: Lean Natasha E. , Ahern Benjamin J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe calcaneal tuberosity, due to its superficial location and prominent positioning, is predisposed to traumatic injury and synovial infection. Frequently, injury also involves the superficial digital flexor tendon either directly or through inflammation, swelling, adhesions and proliferative osteitis resulting in increased tension and persistent pain. This case report describes permanent superficial digital flexor tendon luxation to improve surgical access to the calcaneal tuber and alleviate pain associated with tension of the superficial digital flexor tendon following chronic septic calcaneal osteomyelitis and bursitis.
Blood oxidative stress biomarkers in women: influence of oral contraception, exercise, and N-acetylcysteine
Authors: Quinn Karlee M. , Roberts Llion , Cox Amanda J. , Borg David N. , Pennell Evan N. , McKeating Daniel R. , Fisher Joshua J. , Perkins Anthony V. , Minahan Clare 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare physiological responses to submaximal cycling and sprint cycling performance in women using oral contraceptives (WomenOC) and naturally cycling women (WomenNC) and to determine whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation mediates these responses.

Methods
Twenty recreationally trained women completed five exercise trials (i.e., an incremental cycling test, a familiarisation trial, a baseline performance trial and two double-blind crossover intervention trials). During the intervention trials participants supplemented with NAC or a placebo 1 h before exercise. Cardiopulmonary parameters and blood biochemistry were assessed during 40 min of fixed-intensity cycling at 105% of gas-exchange threshold and after 1-km cycling time-trial.

Results
WomenOC had higher ventilation (β [95% CI] = 0.07 L·min−1 [0.01, 0.14]), malondialdehydes (β = 12.00 mmol·L−1 [6.82, 17.17]) and C-reactive protein (1.53 mg·L−1 [0.76, 2.30]), whereas glutathione peroxidase was lower (β =  22.62 mU·mL−1 [− 41.32, − 3.91]) compared to WomenNC during fixed-intensity cycling. Plasma thiols were higher at all timepoints after NAC ingestion compared to placebo, irrespective of group (all p < 0.001; d = 1.45 to 2.34). For WomenNC but not WomenOC, the exercise-induced increase in malondialdehyde observed in the placebo trial was blunted after NAC ingestion, with lower values at 40 min (p = 0.018; d = 0.73). NAC did not affect cycling time-trial performance.

Conclusions
Blood biomarkers relating to oxidative stress and inflammation are elevated in WomenOC during exercise. There may be an increased strain on the endogenous antioxidant system during exercise, since NAC supplementation in WomenOC did not dampen the exercise-induced increase in malondialdehyde. Future investigations should explore the impact of elevated oxidative stress on exercise adaptations or recovery from exercise in WomenOC.
Preservation of the round ligament to accommodate transient portal hypertension after major hepatectomy
Authors: Koliogiannis D. , Nieß H. , Koliogiannis V. , Ilmer M. , Angele M. , Werner J. , Guba M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remains a leading cause of death after extensive liver resection. Apart from the size and function of the remaining liver remnant, the development of postresection portal hypertension (pHT) plays a crucial role in the development of PHLF. We hypothesize that the umbilical vein in the preserved round ligament (RL) may recanalize in response to new-onset pHT after extended hepatectomy, thus providing a natural portosystemic shunt.

Methods
In this exploratory study, RL was preserved in 10 consecutive patients undergoing major liver resection. Postoperative imaging was pursued to obtain evidence of reopened umbilical vein in the RL. The postoperative course, including the occurrence of PHLF, as well as the rate of procedure-specific complications were recorded.

Results
None of the 10 cases presented with an adverse event due to preservation of the RL. In 6 cases, postoperative imaging demonstrated reopening of the umbilical vein with hepatofugal flow in the RL. The rates of procedure-related surgical complications were lower than would be expected in this population; in particular, the rate of occurrence of PHLF as defined by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS) was low.

Conclusion
Our results support the theoretical concept of portosystemic pressure relief via a preserved umbilical vein after major liver surgery. As preservation of the RL is easily done, we suggest keeping it intact in extended hepatectomy cases and in patients with preexistent pHT.
Emotion and its relation to cognition from Vygotsky’s perspective
Authors: Cong-Lem Ngo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVygotsky’s sociocultural theory (VST) has been increasingly utilised as an effective framework to account for the role of emotions in learning and development. Yet, within VST, emotion has neither been systemically theorised nor investigated. This paper contributes to the literature by offering a theoretical discussion of Vygotsky’s perspective on emotion and its relation to cognition. Employing a content analysis approach, three of Vygotsky’s key texts on emotions were closely read and analysed with emerging themes grouped into a system of interrelated theoretical tenets. The insights gained from this paper benefit scholars who are interested in understanding and researching emotions from a VST perspective as well as provide important implications for educational practices.
Understanding on CRISPR/Cas9 mediated cutting-edge approaches for cancer therapeutics
Authors: Bhattacharjee Rudrarup , Das Roy Lopamudra , Choudhury Amarendranath 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe research focus on CRISPR/Cas9 has gained substantial concentration since the discovery of ‘an unusual repeat sequence’ reported by Ishino et al. (J Bacteriol 169:5429–5433, 1987) and the journey comprises the recent Nobel Prize award (2020), conferred to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna. Cumulatively, the CRISPR has a short, compact, and most discussed success of its application in becoming one of the most versatile and paradigm shifting technologies of Biological Research. Today, the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system is almost ubiquitously utilized in many facets of biological research where its tremendous gene manipulation capability has been harnessed to create miracles. From 2012, the CRISPR/Cas 9 system has been showcased in almost 15,000 research articles in the PubMed database, till date. Backed by some strong molecular evidence, the CRISPR system has been utilized in a few clinical trials targeted towards various pathologies. While the area covered by CRISPR is cosmic, this review will focus mostly on the utilization of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the field of cancer therapy.
Bioelectrochemical enhancement of methane production from exhausted vine shoot fermentation broth by integration of MEC with anaerobic digestion
Authors: Carrillo-Peña D. , Escapa A. , Hijosa-Valsero M. , Paniagua-García A. I. , Díez-Antolínez R. , Mateos R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A microbial electrolysis cell integrated in an anaerobic digestion system (MEC-AD) is an efficient configuration to produce methane from an exhausted vine shoot fermentation broth (EVS). The cell worked in a single-chamber two-electrode configuration at an applied potential of 1 V with a feeding ratio of 30/70 (30% EVS to 70% synthetic medium). In addition, an identical cell operated in an open circuit was used as a control reactor. Experimental results showed similar behavior in terms of carbon removal (70–76%), while the specific averaged methane production from cycle 7 was more stable and higher in the connected cell (MECAD) compared with the unpolarized one (OCAD) accounting for 403.7 ± 33.6 L CH4·kg VS−1 and 121.3 ± 49.7 L CH4·kg VS−1, respectively. In addition, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the electrical capacitance of the bioanode in MECAD was twice the capacitance shown by OCAD. The bacterial community in both cells was similar but a clear adaptation of Methanosarcina Archaea was exhibited in MECAD, which could explain the increased yields in CH4 production. In summary, the results reported here confirm the advantages of integrating MEC-AD for the treatment of real organic liquid waste instead of traditional AD treatment.
Relationship between caesarean section delivery and risk of overweight/obesity among children aged 6–23 months in the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana
Authors: Sulley Issahaku , Saaka Mahama 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The recent exponential increase in caesarean section (CS) rates in many countries including Ghana requires an understanding of the potential long-term consequences on child health. The present study investigated the relationship between CS delivery and risk of childhood overweight/obesity. A retrospective cohort study was conducted from October 2019 to March 2020 in Ghana. Using multi-stage sampling, 553 mother–child pairs aged 6–23 months were selected from ten health facilities during child welfare clinic (CWC) services. We assessed the association between delivery mode (caesarean v. vaginal) and subsequent body mass index for age (BMI/age Z-score) using hierarchical multivariable linear regression analysis. The prevalence of overweight/obesity (BMI/age Z-score > +2 sd) in children was 3⋅6 %. After adjusting for maternal gestational weight gain, macrosomia and child feeding practices, children who were born through CS had mean BAZ which was 0⋅105 standard units significantly higher than their colleagues who were delivered through normal vaginal [beta coefficient (β) 0⋅105, (95 % CI 0⋅03, 0⋅55)]. CS birth was also associated with 3⋅2 times higher odds of overweight/obesity than vaginal delivery (AOR 3⋅23; 95 % CI 1⋅14, 9⋅13). Consequently, CS delivery was associated positively with increased body mass (adiposity) in the study sample. The association between CS delivery and risk of childhood obesity was attenuated after adjusting for macrosomia. These results would be important for informing clinicians and expectant mothers in considering CS delivery.
Racialization of Blackness in the Americas
Authors: Edwards Erika Denise 
Published: June 2022

This essay reviews the following works:
Slavery Unseen: Sex, Power, and Violence in Brazilian History. By Lamonte Aidoo. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2018. Pp. 272. $26.95 paperback. IBSN: 9780822371298.Sexuality and Slavery: Reclaiming Intimate Histories in the Americas. Edited by Dania Ramey Berry and Leslie M. Harris. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2018. Pp. 240. $34.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780820354040.Becoming Free, Becoming Black: Race, Freedom, and Law in Cuba, Virginia, and Louisiana. By Alejandro de la Fuente and Ariela J. Gross. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2020. Pp. 294. $24.95 hardcover. ISBN: 9781108480642.Wicked Flesh: Black Women, Intimacy, and Freedom in the Atlantic World. By Jessica Marie Johnson. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2020. Pp. 360. $4.95 hardcover. IBSN: 9780812252385.The Origins of Macho: Men and Masculinity in Colonial Mexico. By Sonya Lipsett-Rivera. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2019. Pp 288. $29.95 paperback. IBSN: 9780826360403.Revolutionary Masculinity and Racial Inequality: Gendering War and Politics in Cuba. By Bonnie A. Lucero. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2018. Pp. xiii, 345. $34.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780826363336.Reckoning with Slavery: Gender, Kinship, and Capitalism in the Early Black Atlantic. By Jennifer L. Morgan. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2021. Pp. 312. $27.95 paperback. IBSN: 9781478014140.Pobres, negros y esclavos: Música religiosa en Córdoba del Tucumán (1699–1840). By Clarisa Eugenia Pedrotti. Córdoba, Argentina: Editorial Brujas, 2017. Pp. 302. $33.99 paperback. ISBN: 9789877600742.Cuban Literature in the Age of Black Insurrection: Manzano, Plácido, and Afro-Latino Religion. By Matthew Pettway. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2019. Pp. 344. $30.00 paperback. IBSN: 9781496825018.Exquisite Slaves: Race, Clothing, and Status in Colonial Lima. By Tamara J. Walker. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017. Pp. 240. $29.99 paperback. ISBN: 9781107445956.
Research on rapid location method of mobile robot based on semantic grid map in large scene similar environment
Authors: Kuang Hengyang , Li Yansheng , Zhang Yi , Wan Yong , Ge Gengyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAiming at the problem that adaptive Monte Carlo localization (AMCL) algorithm is difficult to localize in large scenes and similar environments. This paper uses a semantic information-assisted approach to improve the AMCL algorithm. This method realizes the robust localization of the robot in the large scenes and similar environments. Firstly, the 2D grid map created by simultaneous localization and mapping using lidar can obtain highly accurate indoor environmental contour information. Secondly, the semantic object capture is achieved by using a depth camera combined with an instance segmentation algorithm. Then, the semantic grid map is created by mapping the semantic point cloud through the back-projection process of the pinhole camera. Finally, semantic grid maps are used as a priori information to assist in localization, which will be used to improve the initial particle swarm distribution in the global localization of the AMCL algorithm and thus will solve the robot localization problem in this environment. The experimental evidence shows that the semantic grid map solves the environmental information degradation problem caused by 2D lidar as well as improves the robot’s perception of the environment. In addition, this paper improves the localization robustness of the AMCL algorithm in large scenes and similar environments, resulting in an average localization success rate of about 90% or even higher, and further reduces the number of iterations. The global localization problem of robots in large scenes and similar environments is effectively solved.
Effects of exercise training on brain metabolism and cognitive functioning in sleep apnea
Authors: Ueno-Pardi Linda M. , Souza-Duran Fabio L. , Matheus Larissa , Rodrigues Amanda G. , Barbosa Eline R. F. , Cunha Paulo J. , Carneiro Camila G. , Costa Naomi A. , Ono Carla R. , Buchpiguel Carlos A. , Negrão Carlos E. , Lorenzi-Filho Geraldo , Busatto-Filho Geraldo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImpaired glucose metabolism reflects neuronal/synaptic dysfunction and cognitive function decline in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The study investigated the extent to which exercise training (ET) improves cerebral metabolic glucose rate (CMRgl) and cognitive function in patients with OSA. Patients with moderate to severe OSA were randomly assigned to ET (3 times/week, n = 23) or no intervention (control, n = 24). Echocardiography and apolipoprotein ε4 (APOEε4) genotyping were obtained at baseline. Both groups underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing, polysomnography, cognitive tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-Glucose positron emission tomography (18FDG-PET) at baseline and study end. Compared with control, exercise-trained group had improved exercise capacity, decreased apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation and arousal index; increased attention/executive functioning, increased CMRgl in the right frontal lobe (P < 0.05). After ET an inverse relationships occurred between CMRgl and obstructive AHI (r = − 0.43, P < 0.05) and apnea arousal index (r = − 0.53, P < 0.05), and between the changes in CMRgl and changes in mean O2 saturation during sleep and non-rapid eye movement sleep (r = − 0.43, P < 0.05), desaturation during arousal (r = − 0.44, P < 0.05), and time to attention function testing (r = − 0.46, P < 0.05). ET improves OSA severity and CMRg in the frontal lobe, which helps explain the improvement in attention/executive functioning. Our study provides promising data that reinforce the growing idea that ET may be a valuable tool to prevent hypoxia associated with decreased brain metabolism and cognitive functioning in patients with moderate to severe OSA.Trial registration: NCT02289625 (13/11/2014).
Quantizing Chaplygin Hamiltonizable nonholonomic systems
Authors: Fernandez Oscar E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article we develop a quantization procedure for Chaplygin Hamiltonizable nonholonomic systems—mechanical systems subject to non-integrable velocity constraints whose reduced mechanics is Hamiltonian after a suitable time reparametrization—using Poincaré transformations and geometric quantization. We illustrate the theory developed through examples and discuss potential applications to the study of the quantum mechanics of nanovehicles.