bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mulberry leaf extract improves non-specific immunity and antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed a high-starch diet
Authors: Tingsen Jing , Hui Luo , Junwa Huang , Zhe Li , Yu Li , Honghao Jin , Xinxi Zou , Zhenlin Ke , Wenbo Sun , Mengdan Hou , Huijun Yang , Hua Ye 
Published: November 2022

A 70-day experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) on growth, proximate compositions, antioxidant and plasma biochemical parameters, and indices of non-specific immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed a high-starch diet. Two hundred eighty largemouth bass (initial body weight, 68.00 ± 0.19 g) were randomly fed seven diets: basal-starch diet (BSD; 8.88% starch), high-starch diet (HSD; 11.42% starch), and HSD diets supplemented with 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20%, 0.50%, and 1.00% MLE (MLE1, MLE2, MLE3, MLE4, and MLE5, respectively). The results indicated that HSD and MLE did not significantly affect the growth performance of largemouth bass during the experimental period compared with that of the BSD, but the supplementation with more than 0.20% (MLE3, MLE4, and MLE5) MLE significantly decreased the hepatosomatic index (HSI) values, and 1.00% (MLE5) MLE significantly decreased the viscerosomatic index (VSI) values. The whole-body moisture of fish fed an HSD decreased significantly, while the whole-body lipid content increased significantly in the HSD group compared with the BSD group. Compared with HSD, MLE supplementation significantly decreased the moisture and lipid contents in the whole body. Supplementation with more than 0.20% MLE (MLE3, MLE4, and MLE5) significantly decreased the moisture content in the muscle. Supplementation with 1.00% MLE significantly decreased the content of hepatic and muscle glycogen. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the HSD group was significantly increased compared to that of the BSD group, whereas more than 0.10% (MLE2, MLE3, MLE4, and MLE5) MLE significantly decreased the MDA content. Additionally, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities of MLE5 were significantly higher than those of the HSD group. The complement-3 (C3) content and globulin (GLB) in the plasma of the HSD group were significantly lower than those of the BSD group. Plasma C3 levels in the MLE3, MLE4, and MLE5 groups were significantly higher than those in the HSD group. In addition, glucose (GLU) levels in the MLE3, MLE4, and MLE5 groups were significantly lower than those in the HSD group. Supplementation with 0.50% (MLE4) MLE significantly increased the lysozyme (LYZ) content and decreased the activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). Supplementation with 1.00% MLE significantly increased complement-4 (C4) and GLB contents and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Overall, these findings suggest that MLE could improve antioxidant capacity, immune function, and glycolipid metabolism, thereby alleviating the negative effects of a high-starch diet in M. salmoides.
Microplastics in gastric samples from common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) residing in Sarasota Bay FL (USA)
Authors: Hart Leslie B. , Dziobak Miranda , Wells Randall S. , Ertel Bonnie , Weinstein John 
Published: November 2022

The oceans contain trillions of plastic particles, mostly microplastics (i.e., particles &lt; 5 mm diameter; 92.4% of plastic particles), which have been detected in organisms at all levels of the marine food web. The ubiquity of marine plastic debris has created a monumental environmental pollution problem with extensive public health consequences, as more than 40% of the world’s population lives near the coast and shares coastal resources. For decades, common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) have been used as sentinels of marine pollution risks for coastal communities that rely on seafood. Recently, prevalent phthalate exposure was documented in bottlenose dolphins residing in Sarasota Bay, FL, at concentrations exceeding those of human reference populations. While the source of their exposure is uncertain, the types of compounds detected suggest a plastic origin. The objective of this study was to screen for plastic ingestion among free-ranging dolphins in Sarasota Bay using gastric samples collected during catch-and-release health assessments. Gastric samples were collected from seven live bottlenose dolphins in 2019, and suspected microplastic particles were detected in all samples. The number of particles per sample ranged from &lt;10 to &gt;100, and the most common types were transparent films and white foams. Similar to other marine mammal studies, fibers were also present. Given that dolphins are likely exposed to microplastics via contaminated prey, findings from this and additional studies will help to evaluate the potential of contaminated seafood as an additional source of microplastic exposure for humans, as well as help to inform intervention and risk communication needs regarding seafood safety.
Subtyping of early-onset Parkinson’s disease using cluster analysis: A large cohort study
Authors: Zhou Zhou , Zhou Xiaoxia , Xiang Yaqin , Zhao Yuwen , Pan Hongxu , Wu Juan , Xu Qian , Chen Yase , Sun Qiying , Wu Xinyin , Zhu Jianping , Wu Xuehong , Li Jianhua , Yan Xinxiang , Guo Jifeng , Tang Beisha , Lei Lifang , Liu Zhenhua 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests that early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD) is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation and progression. Defining subtypes of EOPD is needed to better understand underlying mechanisms, predict disease course, and eventually design more efficient personalized management strategies.ObjectiveTo identify clinical subtypes of EOPD, assess the clinical characteristics of each EOPD subtype, and compare the progression between EOPD subtypes.Materials and methodsA total of 1,217 patients were enrolled from a large EOPD cohort of the Parkinson’s Disease &amp; Movement Disorders Multicenter Database and Collaborative Network in China (PD-MDCNC) between January 2017 and September 2021. A comprehensive spectrum of motor and non-motor features were assessed at baseline. Cluster analysis was performed using data on demographics, motor symptoms and signs, and other non-motor manifestations. In 454 out of total patients were reassessed after a mean follow-up time of 1.5 years to compare progression between different subtypes.ResultsThree subtypes were defined: mild motor and non-motor dysfunction/slow progression, intermediate and severe motor and non-motor dysfunction/malignant. Compared to patients with mild subtype, patients with the severe subtype were more likely to have rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, wearing-off, and dyskinesia, after adjusting for age and disease duration at baseline, and showed a more rapid progression in Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total score (P = 0.002), UPDRS part II (P = 0.014), and III (P = 0.001) scores, Hoehn and Yahr stage (P = 0.001), and Parkinson’s disease questionnaire-39 item version score (P = 0.012) at prospective follow-up.ConclusionWe identified three different clinical subtypes (mild, intermediate, and severe) using cluster analysis in a large EOPD cohort for the first time, which is important for tailoring therapy to individuals with EOPD.
Worldwide productivity and research trends of publications concerning stent application in acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms: A bibliometric study
Authors: Chen Rundong , Wei Yanpeng , Zhang Guanghao , Zhang Renkun , Zhang Xiaoxi , Dai Dongwei , Li Qiang , Zhao Rui , Xu Yi , Huang Qinghai , Yang Pengfei , Zuo Qiao , Liu Jianmin 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundStenting is a common clinical practice to treat acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysm (RIA). Although multiple studies have demonstrated its long-term safety and effectiveness, there is currently a lack of bibliometric analysis on stent application in acutely RIA. This study sought to summarize the current status of research in this field and lay a foundation for further study.Materials and methodsRelated publications were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Data analysis and visualization were performed by R and CiteSpace software.ResultsA total of 275 publications published in English from 1997 to 2022 were included in this study. The growth of publications slowed down. The reference co-citation network identified 13 clusters with a significant network (Q = 0.7692) and convincing clustering (S = 0.9082). The research focus was acutely RIA and the application of stents during interventional procedures. The main trends of research were: (1) development of materials, and (2) safety of stent application in acutely RIA. The United States contributed the most articles, and Jianmin Liu was the most prolific author. Mayo Clinic was the leading institution in this field. Most articles were published in Interventional Neuroradiology.ConclusionsThis study analyzed the research trends, hotspots and frontiers of stent application in acutely RIA. It is our hope that the results obtained could provide useful information to researchers to get a clearer picture about their future research directions in this field.
Wedge resection plus adequate lymph nodes resection is comparable to lobectomy for small-sized non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ding Hongdou , Song Nan , Zhang Peng , Jiang Gening , Wang Haifeng 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThe study investigated whether wedge resection plus adequate lymph nodes resection conferred comparable survival to lobectomy for node-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ≤2 cm.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to identify patients diagnosed with node-negative NSCLC ≤2 cm and underwent wedge resection or lobectomy (2004-2015). Patients were stratified by the procedure (wedge resection, lobectomy) and the size of NSCLC (≤1 cm, 1-2 cm). We assessed survival between patients undergoing wedge resection and lobectomy. The optimal number of lymph nodes resected which made those two procedures comparable was explored by using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis. Propensity score matching was performed to minimize the effect of confounding factors.Results7893 patients with lobectomy and 2536 patients with wedge resection were identified. Wedge resection was associated with worse survival either in the ≤1 cm or 1-2 cm NSCLC before and after matching. For lesions 1-2 cm and receiving lobectomy, more lymph nodes resected conferred statistically significant increase on survival and six nodes were optimal. For lesions ≤1 cm and receiving lobectomy, lymph nodes resection had no impact on survival. Wedge resection and lobectomy were comparable when one or more nodes for lesions ≤1 cm and six or more nodes for lesions 1-2 cm were resected.ConclusionsWedge resection was inferior to lobectomy for NSCLC ≤1 cm and 1-2 cm. Wedge resection plus adequate lymph nodes resection was comparable to lobectomy.
Symptomatic or asymptomatic SAR-CoV-2 positive divers should be medically evaluated before returning to scuba diving
Authors: Morin Jean , Vallée Nicolas , Dufresne Pierre-Louis , Rives Sarah , Lehot Henri , Daubresse Lucille , Roffi Romain , Druelle Arnaud , Cungi Pierre-Julien , Blatteau Jean-Eric 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: In order to allow the resumption of diving activities after a COVID-19 infection, French military divers are required to undergo a medical fitness to dive (FTD) assessment. We present here the results of this medical evaluation performed 1 month after the infection.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed between April 2020 and February 2021 200 records of divers suspected of COVID-19 contamination. Data collected included physical examination, ECG, blood biochemistry, chest CT scan and spirometry.Results: 145 PCR-positive subjects were included, representing 8.5% of the total population of French military divers. Two divers were hospitalized, one for pericarditis and the other for non-hypoxemic pneumonia. For the other 143 divers, physical examination, electrocardiogram and blood biology showed no abnormalities. However 5 divers (3.4%) had persistent subjective symptoms including fatigability, exertional dyspnea, dysesthesias and anosmia. 41 subjects (29%) had significant decreases in forced expiratory flows at 25–75% and 50% on spirometry (n = 20) or bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scan (n = 24). Only 3 subjects were affected on both spirometry and chest CT. 45% of these abnormalities were found in subjects who were initially asymptomatic or had non-respiratory symptoms. In case of abnormalities, normalization was obtained within 3 months. The median time to return to diving was 45 days (IQR 30, 64).Conclusion: Our study confirms the need for standardized follow-up in all divers after COVID-19 infection and for maintaining a rest period before resuming diving activities.
Diabetes outcomes in heart failure patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mekhaimar Menatalla , Al Mohannadi Moza , Dargham Soha , Al Suwaidi Jassim , Jneid Hani , Abi Khalil Charbel 
Published: November 2022

Aims: We aimed to assess diabetes outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).Methods: The National Inpatient Sample database was analyzed to identify records from 2005 to 2015 of patients hospitalized for HF with concomitant HCM. We examined the prevalence of diabetes in those patients, assessed the temporal trend of in-hospital mortality, ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, and cardiogenic shock and compared diabetes patients to their non-diabetes counterparts.Results: Among patients with HF, 0.26% had HCM, of whom 29.3% had diabetes. Diabetes prevalence increased from 24.8% in 2005 to 32.7% in 2015. The mean age of patients with diabetes decreased from 71 ± 13 to 67.6 ± 14.2 (p &lt; 0.01), but the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors significantly increased. In-hospital mortality decreased from 4.3% to 3.2% between 2005 and 2015. Interestingly, cardiogenic shock, VF, and AF followed an upward trend. Age (OR = 1.04 [1.03–1.05]), female gender (OR = 1.50 [0.72–0.88]), and cardiovascular risk factors were associated with a higher in-hospital mortality risk in diabetes. Compared to non-diabetes patients, the ones with diabetes were younger and had more comorbidities. Unexpectedly, the adjusted risks of in-hospital mortality (aOR = 0.88 [0.76–0.91]), ventricular fibrillation (aOR = 0.79 [0.71–0.88]) and atrial fibrillation (aOR 0.80 [0.76–0.85]) were lower in patients with diabetes, but not cardiogenic shock (aOR 1.01 [0.80–1.27]). However, the length of stay was higher in patients with diabetes, and so were the total charges per stay.Conclusion: In total, we observed a temporal increase in diabetes prevalence among patients with HF and HCM. However, diabetes was paradoxically associated with lower in-hospital mortality and arrhythmias.
Predicting spatial variability of species diversity with the minimum data set of soil properties in an arid desert riparian forest
Authors: Li Xiaotong , Chen Yudong , Lv Guanghui , Wang Jinlong , Jiang Lamei , Wang Hengfang , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: November 2022

Species diversity has spatial heterogeneity in ecological systems. Although a large number of studies have demonstrated the influence of soil properties on species diversity, most of them have not considered their spatial variabilities. To remedy the knowledge gap, a 1 ha (100 m × 100 m) plots of arid desert riparian forest was set up in the Ebinur Wetland Nature Reserve (ELWNR) in the NW China. Then, the minimum data set of soil properties (soil MDS) was established using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Norm Value Determination to represent the total soil property data set (soil TDS). The Geo-statistics and two models (i.e., Random Forest/RF and Multiple Linear Regression/MLR) were used to measure the spatial variability of species diversity, and predict its spatial distribution by the soil MDS, respectively. The results showed that the soil MDS was composed of soil salt content (SSC), soil total phosphorus (STP), soil available phosphorus (SAP), soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil nitrate nitrogen (SNN); which represented the soil TDS perfectly (R2 =0.62). Three species diversity indices (i.e., Shannon–Wiener, Simpson and Pielou indices) had a high spatial dependence (C0/(C0+C)&lt; 25%; 0.72 m ≤ range≤ 0.77 m). Ordinary kriging distribution maps showed that the spatial distribution pattern of species diversity predicted by RF model was closer to its actual distribution compared with MLR model. RF model results suggested that the soil MDS had significant effect on spatial distribution of Shannon–Wiener, Simpson and Pielou indices (Varex= 56%, 49% and 36%, respectively). Among all constituents, SSC had the largest contribution on the spatial variability of species diversity (nearly 10%), while STP had least effect (&lt; 5.3%). We concluded that the soil MDS affected spatial variability of species diversity in arid desert riparian forests. Using RF model can predict spatial variability of species diversity through soil properties. Our work provided a new case and insight for studying the spatial relationship between soil properties and plant species diversity.
Per1 gene polymorphisms influence the relationship between brain white matter microstructure and depression risk
Authors: Zhao Rui , Sun Jin-Bo , Deng Hui , Cheng Chen , Li Xue , Wang Fu-Min , He Zhao-Yang , Chang Meng-Ying , Lu Li-Ming , Tang Chun-Zhi , Xu Neng-Gui , Yang Xue-Juan , Qin Wei 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundCircadian rhythm was involved in the pathogenesis of depression. The detection of circadian genes and white matter (WM) integrity achieved increasing focus for early prediction and diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to explore the effects of PER1 gene polymorphisms (rs7221412), one of the key circadian genes, on the association between depressive level and WM microstructural integrity.Materials and methodsDiffusion tensor imaging scanning and depression assessment (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) were performed in 77 healthy college students. Participants also underwent PER1 polymorphism detection and were divided into the AG group and AA group. The effects of PER1 genotypes on the association between the WM characteristics and BDI were analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics method.ResultsCompared with homozygous form of PER1 gene (AA), more individuals with risk allele G of PER1 gene (AG) were in depression state with BDI cutoff of 14 (χ2 = 7.37, uncorrected p = 0.007). At the level of brain imaging, the WM integrity in corpus callosum, internal capsule, corona radiata and fornix was poorer in AG group compared with AA group. Furthermore, significant interaction effects of genotype × BDI on WM characteristics were observed in several emotion-related WM tracts. To be specific, the significant relationships between BDI and WM characteristics in corpus callosum, internal capsule, corona radiata, fornix, external capsule and sagittal stratum were only found in AG group, but not in AA group.ConclusionOur findings suggested that the PER1 genotypes and emotion-related WM microstructure may provide more effective measures of depression risk at an early phase.
Depression and anxiety among people with hypertension on follow-up in Eastern Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdisa Lemesa , Letta Shiferaw , Nigussie Kabtamu 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPeople with hypertension have a high risk of developing mental disorders, such as depression and/or anxiety. However, there is a paucity of data regarding comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms among people with hypertension in study settings.ObjectiveThe study determined the prevalence and associated factors of depression, and anxiety symptoms among people with hypertension on follow-up at public hospitals, in Eastern Ethiopia.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out among 471 people with hypertension who were randomly chosen from four public hospitals in Harar town and the Dire Dawa Administration. The data were collected by interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. A validated nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scales were used to assess depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. A logistic regression model was used to identify the association among depression, anxiety, and their predictors. An adjusted odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval were used to report the association. The statistical significance was set at a p-value of &lt; 0.05.ResultsDepression and anxiety symptoms were present in 27.2 and 32.7% of people with hypertension, respectively. Being women (AOR = 1.74, 1.09–2.78), having no formal education (AOR = 2.19, 1.19–4.81), presence of other medical illnesses (AOR = 2.23, 1.39–3.56), having a family history of depression (AOR = 2.01, 1.25–3.19), and poor social support (AOR = 2.80, 1.60–5.22) were statistically associated with depressive symptoms, whereas being women (AOR = 1.54, 1.01–2.35), widowed and divorced (AOR = 2.22, 1.41–3.52), presence of other medical illnesses (AOR = 1.64, 1.06–2.53), and poor social support (AOR = 3.54, 2.09–6.01) were statistically associated with anxiety symptoms.ConclusionMore than a quarter of people with hypertension reported symptoms of depression and anxiety. Findings demonstrated that being a woman, having an additional medical illness and having poor social support were statistically associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Regular screening, early detection, and offering the proper intervention should be on top priorities for healthcare professionals.