bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effect and possible mechanism of phenyllactic acid on Aspergillus flavus spore germination
Authors: Li Minghua , Yao Binbin , Meng Xiumei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhenyllactic acid (PLA) has gained a lot of attention due to its broad antimicrobial activity, but the mechanism of its antifungal action has been barely reported until now. Herein, the inhibitory activity of PLA against Aspergillus flavus spore germination and its mechanism were preliminarily investigated. Results indicated that PLA had a strong antifungal activity against A. flavus with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 6 and 12 mg/ml, respectively. As observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the A. flavus spores displayed wrinkled and shrunken appearance after treatment with PLA. In addition, the permeability and integrity of A. flavus cell membrane were changed obviously after PLA treatment as indicated by the propidium iodide (PI) staining results, which was further confirmed by a rise in electric conductivity and increased leakage of intracellular protein and nucleic acid. Furthermore, reduced activities of mitochondrial ATPase and dehydrogenases caused by PLA were also observed in A. flavus spores, with a result of remarkable decrease in ATP synthesis. Therefore, it could be concluded that PLA was effective in inhibiting spore germination of A. flavus mainly by disrupting cell membrane and interfering with mitochondrial energy metabolism.
Pedigree Analysis of an Integrated Hatchery Steelhead Program from the Mad River, California, Provides Insight into Life History Patterns and Informs Management
Authors: Kinziger Andrew P. , Fong Steven R. , Garza John Carlos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Mad River Hatchery supports one of the most important fisheries for steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss in California. Although the Mad River Hatchery has stated goals of operating an integrated hatchery program that addresses demographic and genetic risks, very little monitoring of these goals has taken place. We applied parentage-based tagging methods to assess the origin (wild versus hatchery), age structure, and spawn-date heritability of steelhead returning to the Mad River Hatchery. We generated single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes at 96 loci for all adult steelhead broodstock spawned at Mad River Hatchery over a 9-year period (2009–2017; N = 1,572) and identified 965 trios (mother, father, and offspring) using parentage analysis. Although the hatchery attempts to release 100% adipose-fin-clipped hatchery steelhead, our analysis uncovered a large difference in the proportion of hatchery-origin broodstock individuals as estimated by pedigrees (0.87) and traditional adipose fin clipping (0.58). This difference presumably resulted from failure to clip or identify a clip in 100% of hatchery-produced fish. Our analysis revealed the complete age structure of six cohorts of hatchery broodstock and showed substantial differences in different years for Mad River Hatchery steelhead. Pedigree-based estimates of narrow-sense heritability for spawn date were 0.242 to 0.470, indicating moderate to high heritability, and highlighting the opportunity for a strong response to selection on this trait imposed by hatchery spawning. The application of parentage-based tagging provided critical information for understanding life history variation and the efficacy of management actions for Mad River Hatchery steelhead and provides a framework for minimizing domestication selection and associated reductions in fitness for naturally spawning fish in this integrated population.
Melt spinning of polyamide 4
Authors: Nagahama Takahiro , Yagi Shinichi , Yamane Hideki , Xu Huaizhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolyamide 4 (PA 4), a biobased and biodegradable polymer, is firstly produced into fibers by melt spinning. PA 4 is a thermally‐sensitive polymer that is difficult to be processed by melting methods, while through mixing with an ionic liquid (IL)—1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl), the melting point of the PA 4 decreases 40°C when 30 wt% ILs are incorporated. Homogeneous and circular cross‐sectional PA 4 fibers are produced at winding speeds of 19, 79, 228 and 396 m/min. The as‐spun PA 4 fibers produced at 19 m/min winding speed can maximally be drawn four times in a water bath with temperatures ranging 60–75°C. The mechanical properties of the PA 4 fiber reach an optimum value as the fiber is drawn at 65°C. The ILs are fully removed when the fibers immerse in water for 3 min. In the meanwhile, the melting point of PA 4 is gradually enhanced with washing. Moreover, the crystallization of the washed PA 4 fibers increases, while the orientation of the crystals slightly decreases. The application of IL can be extended to improve the processibility of thermally‐sensitive polymers that cannot be directly manufactured by melt‐extrusion based technologies.
Aberrant resting‐state functional connectivity of major depressive disorder with higher risk of suicide
Authors: Ishikawa Kazuhiro , Nemoto Kiyotaka , Shiratori Yuki , Sodeyama Noriko , Kodama Kikuko , Usuniwa Hitoshi , Yamada Noriko , Yaguchi Chie , Hori Takafumi , Arai Tetsuaki , Tachikawa Hirokazu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimSuicide prevention for depressive patients is an important clinical issue in psychiatry. However, not all depressive patients plan or attempt suicide. In this study, we investigated the differences of functional brain networks between a high‐risk group and a low‐risk group for suicide by comparing resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC).MethodsThe subjects were 29 patients with major depressive disorder, nine of whom had attempted suicide. The suicidal ideation of all subjects was assessed with the Columbia‐Suicide Severity Rating Scale, then the subjects were divided into two groups based on the most severe suicidal ideation (MSI) in their lifetime. We compared rsFC between the two groups.ResultsOf the 29 subjects, 16 were in the severe MSI group. We found that the severe MSI group members had significantly smaller rsFC in two networks: one comprised the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the default‐mode network, and the other comprised the left rostrolateral prefrontal cortex and the striatum, amygdala, and hippocampus. These regions are reported to be associated with rumination, retrieval suppression, and delay discounting (DD).ConclusionOur results suggest that functional networks related to rumination, retrieval suppression, and DD might be impaired in depressive patients with severe suicidal ideation. It might be beneficial for psychiatrists to assess these characteristics in terms of suicide prevention for depressive patients.
Kidney function and prescribed dose in middle‐aged and older patients starting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Authors: Zhu Nanbo , Lisinski Alexander , Lagerberg Tyra , Johnell Kristina , Xu Hong , Carrero Juan Jesús , Chang Zheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo avoid adverse drug reactions, dose reductions are recommended when prescribing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to patients with impaired kidney function. The extent of this practice in routine clinical care is however unknown. We aimed to evaluate the starting and maintenance SSRI doses prescribed to patients stratified by levels of kidney function in real‐world practice.MethodsUsing data from the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) project, we identified 101 409 new users of antidepressants (including 52 286 SSRI users) in the region of Stockholm during 2006–2019, who were ≥50 years of age and had a recent creatinine test taken in order to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). SSRI dose reduction was defined as a prescribed SSRI dose of ≤0.5 defined daily doses, according to current recommendations. We examined the associations between eGFR and reductions in initial dose and maintenance dose of SSRIs using logistic regression models.ResultsOverall, reductions in initial and maintenance dose were observed among 54.1% and 34.1% of new SSRI users. Nevertheless, about 40% of individuals with an eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m2 were prescribed an SSRI without dose reduction. After adjusting for age and other covariates, lower eGFR was associated with moderately higher odds of dose reduction, for both initial and maintenance dose. Compared to individuals with an eGFR of 90–104 ml/min/1.73 m2, the adjusted odds ratios for those with an eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m2 were 1.18 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.36) for initial dose reduction, and 1.49 (1.29, 1.72) for maintenance dose reduction. Stratified analyses showed stronger associations between lower eGFR and SSRI dose reduction among individuals aged 50–64 years and in those receiving prescriptions from psychiatric care.ConclusionsLower kidney function was moderately associated with a reduced SSRI dose, independently of age. Prescribing SSRIs to middle‐aged and older patients should not only consider patients' age but also their kidney function.
Fractal dimension analysis: A link between porous polystyrene films patterns and cancer cell patterns
Authors: Catarino‐Centeno Rafael , Patiño‐Herrera Rosalba , García‐Hernández Erwin , Pérez Elías 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo produce patterns of porous polystyrene films that can be used as standards to be compared with cancer cell patterns, thin films were made by dissolving polystyrene (PS) and polybutylmethacrylate (PBMA) in tetrahydrofuran, then PBMA phase was removed using acetic acid (AA) to generate rough surfaces. The mixture of %PS/%PBMA was formed from the following weight ratios 1/99, 5/95,…, 90/10, 99/1. The highest water contact angle (WCA) for 40/60 porous polystyrene film was (139.4 ± 1°), exceeding the WCA of the film before removing the PBMA by 95.2 ± 0.2°; at the same concentration, the film roughness increases 80% by removing the PBMA. The topography of porous polystyrene films is similar to that of cancer cells and the fractal dimension (Df) of the 20/80, 30/70, 35/65, 38/62, 40/60, 43/57, 45/55, and 50/50 porous polystyrene films range between 1.6 and 2, which agrees with those reported in the literature for cancerous structures. Thus, Df data and polystyrene film topography with different porosity degrees can be used as patterns in digital recognition techniques for cancer diagnosis.
Novel C‐arm‐based planning robotic spinal surgery in a cadaver model using quantitative accuracy assessment methodology
Authors: Park Sangman , Kim Hyung Cheol , Jeong Yeongha , Kim Dongyun , Ryu Seungjae , Lee Seongpung , Cha Yongyeob , Hwang Sungteac , Woo Donggi , Kim Hongho , Shin Dong Ah , Ha Yoon , Kim Keung Nyun , Yoon Do Heum , Yi Seong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis preclinical study emulating the clinical environment quantitatively analysed the accuracy of pedicle screw insertion using a navigated robotic system.MethodsPedicle screws were placed from T7 to L5 in the whole‐body form of a cadaver. After the insertion of multiple artificial markers into each vertebra, errors between the planned insertion path and the inserted screw were quantified using the Gertzbein‐Robbins system (GRS) and offset calculation.ResultsA total of 22 screws were placed. Almost all (95.45% [21/22]) were classified as GRS A or B, while one (4.55%) was GRS C. The mean and standard deviations of entry, tip, and angular offset were 1.78 ± 0.94 mm, 2.30 ± 1.01 mm, and 2.64 ± 1.05°, respectively.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that pedicle screw insertion using a navigated robotic system had high accuracy and safety. A future clinical study is necessary to validate our findings.
Periodically intermittent H∞ control for discrete‐time switched interval type‐2 fuzzy systems with dwell time constraints: A switching‐path‐dependent Lyapunov function approach
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Hongbin , Xu Xiaozeng , Zheng Qunxian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article studies the periodically intermittent control problem of discrete‐time switched interval type‐2 fuzzy systems (DSIT2FSs) with dwell time constraints. A novel switching‐path‐dependent Lyapunov functions (SPDLFs) approach, which utilizes the switching path information over multiple controller operation periods, is proposed. First, the ‐mode DSIT2FS with periodic intermittent control inputs is regarded as a switched system with controller‐busy modes and controller‐free modes. Then, by constructing a class of non‐increasing SPDLFs, sufficient conditions on the existence of intermittent interval type‐2 (IT2) fuzzy controllers are obtained for DSIT2FS with minimum dwell time constraints. The controller gains can be gotten by solving a set of strict linear matrix inequalities. It is shown that the designed IT2 fuzzy controllers work intermittently but still can guarantee stability and performance of the close‐loop systems. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the results.
Bioreduction and Stabilization of Nanosilver using Chrysanthemum Phytochemicals for Antibacterial and Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Wan Hong , Huang Qinglin , Mia Rony , Tao Xing , Mahmud Sakil , Liu Huihong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn easy, sustainable, and one‐step method has been explored to synthesize colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Chrysanthemum (CT) flower extract and applied for antibacterial treatment and azo dye catalysis. The synthesis parameters (effect of CT extract concentration, reaction temperature, time, and pH) were thoroughly examined via a one‐variable‐at‐a‐time (OVAT) method to identify an optimization condition. The characterization of AgNPs produced at as‐obtained optimum condition found that the nanoparticles are primarily spherical/oval shape, nanometer size (1.98±0.57 nm), very crystalline (d‐spacing=0.236 nm), significantly stabilized (zeta potential=−22.1 mV). The characterizations also indicated that the AgNPs were produced by the redox reaction between plant phytochemicals and metal cations and stabilized via encapsulation of plant phytochemicals. The bacterial resistivity AgNPs was monitored by the agar disk diffusion test and found to be highly effective towards both Staphylococcus aureus (+ev) and Escherichia coli (−ev) bacteria. Moreover, the synthesized AgNPs displayed an innate catalytic reduction of azo dyes such as acid red 1 (AR1) and acid blue 29 (AB29). The degradation reactions were followed pseudo‐first‐order kinetics model and the rate constants k were calculated to be 0.45528 min−1 (r2=0.94465) for AR1 and 0.28214 min−1 (r2=0.88764) for AB29, respectively. This study reveals the prospect of CT flower extract as a botanical source for the biosynthesis of AgNPs and its potential application in bacterial reduction and azo‐contaminated wastewater treatment.
In vitro Anticancer and Insilico Studies of Quinoxaline‐sulfonyl‐1,2,4‐triazole Hybrids
Authors: Dasari Gouthami , Bandari Srinivas , Kumar Nukala Satheesh , Swamy Thirukovela Narasimha , Sirassu Narsimha , Badithapuram Vinitha , Manchal Ravinder 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNew quinoxaline‐sulfonyl‐1,2,4‐triazole hybrids were synthesized (5 a–n) via systematic step‐wise sequence. Later, the in vitro cytotoxicity screening of all these compounds revealed that 2‐((4‐morpholino‐[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinoxalin‐1‐yl)sulfonyl)‐1‐(4‐nitrophenyl)ethenone (5 b), 1‐(4‐methoxy phenyl)‐2‐((4‐morpholino‐[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinoxalin‐1‐yl)sulfonyl) ethenone (5 d),4‐(2‐((4‐morpholino‐[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a] quinoxaline‐1‐yl)sulfonyl)acetyl)benzonitrilen (5 g), 1‐(3,4‐dichloro phenyl)‐2‐((4‐morpholino[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinoxalin‐1‐yl) sulfonyl) ethenone (5 j) and 1‐(2,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐2‐((4‐morpholino[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinoxalin‐1‐yl)sulfonyl) ethenone (5 k) were found to more active against the four human cancer cell lines like Hep‐G2 (liver), A‐549 (lung), MCF‐7 (breast) and DU‐145 (prostate) with IC50 values ranging from 1.95±1.34 to 9.61 ±1.72 μM, whereas standard drug displayed IC50 values ranging from 1.97±0.45 to 3.08±0.13 μM. Predominately, compound 5 j displayed superior cytotoxicity against all cell lines than the standard etoposide. As well, the insilico studies of compounds 5 b, 5 d, 5 g, 5 j, and 5 k on EGFR receptor revealed that most potent compound 5 j strongly binds to protein EGFR (pdbid:4HJO). Finally, compounds 5 j and 5 g displayed superior inhibitory activity against tyrosine kinase EGFR than the standard erlotinib.
Advances in Tetrazole Synthesis – An Overview
Authors: Vishwakarma Rakhi , Gadipelly Chandrakanth , Mannepalli Lakshmi Kantam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMost of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) contain the tetrazole ring, thus making them of vast significance in new drug design descriptors. With this importance in view, enormous studies are being carried out on the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives. The methods of its synthesis are [3+2] cycloaddition, multicomponent reactions, microwave‐assisted synthesis using heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. Hence, it is necessary to highlight the green catalysis that would be more environmentally benign and economically viable. In this review, we discuss the tetrazole synthesis processes carried out in the presence of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. These catalytic materials gave higher product yield in a shorter reaction time and were reusable.
Enhancing the Efficiency of Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) by Nanostructured Ag‐doped ZnO Electrodes
Authors: Rathnasekara Rusiri , Hari Parameswar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSilver (Ag) ‐ doped ZnO nanoparticles (0 % to 20 %) were synthesized by the microwave method. The structural, optical, and electrochemical properties were observed through Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X‐ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X‐ray (EDX), UV‐Visible spectroscopy, Photoluminescence, and Cyclic‐Voltammetry (C−V) techniques. The platinum metal counter electrode was replaced by using dip coating, spin coating, and electrochemical method electrodes. The best current‐voltage performance was exhibited by the 5 % Ag‐doped ZnO DSSCs constructed by the electrochemical method counter electrode with a conversion efficiency (η) of 6.19 %, open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.58 V, short circuit current density (Jsc) of 19.12 mA/cm2 and fill factor of 55.08 %. This performance is superior to the counter electrodes made from the spin coating (1.45 %) and dip coating (0.91 %). The higher catalytic behavior of the electrochemical method counter electrode and appearing plasmons peaks in all Ag‐doped ZnO nanoparticles influence the enhancement of current density and overall conversion efficiency.
Synthesis and Proton Conductivity of Two Molybdate Polymers Based on [Mo8O26]4− Anions
Authors: Ren Wei‐Bo , Li Bo , Li Siqi , Li Ying , Gao Zhixin , Chen Xinyu , Zang Hong‐Ying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTwo kinds of octamolybdate‐based NiII‐coordination polymers were synthesized by hydrothermal methods: H2[Ni(Mo8O26)(bimb)3] ⋅ H2O and H2[Ni(Mo8O26)(bibp)2] ⋅ 4H2O, (1, bimb)=1,4‐Bis(imidazole‐l‐ylmethyl)benzene), (2, bibp)=4,4′‐di(1H‐iMidazol‐1‐yl)‐1,1′‐biphenyl). The Single crystal X‐ray diffraction indicates that compounds 1 and 2 are the 2D layer based on γ‐[Mo8O26]4− type and a 1D chain based on β‐[Mo8O26]4− type polyoxomolybdate anions, respectively. At 85 °C and 98 % RH, the optimal conductivities of the two compounds are 1.03×10−2 S cm−1 and 1.12×10−2 S cm−1, respectively. They exhibit good proton conductivity due to the rich imidazole units as carriers and continuous hydrogen bond networks as proton transport pathway. In this work, two molybdate‐based proton conducting materials are designed.
Determination of Arsenic by ICP‐OES after Cloud Point Extraction with Salt Induced Phase Separation: Application to Gadolinium Based MRI Contrast Agent**
Authors: Bunina Zinaida , Varchenko Victoria , Bryleva Kateryna , Chornyi Vasyl , Belikov Konstantin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA new separation and preconcentration procedure based on cloud point extraction was developed for arsenic trace analysis using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Arsenic in +5 oxidation state was complexed with ammonium molybdate, Triton X‐100 was used as a surfactant. Optimal parameters such as pH value and Triton X‐100 concentration were determined. Phase separation was induced by adding a salting‐out agent to avoid an analyte loss because of temperature changes. The combination of Triton X‐100 with ammonium sulphate as a salting‐out agent was firstly suggested as an extraction system for arsenic quantification. Conditions for arsenic (III) into arsenic (V) oxidation were established. The proposed procedure was successfully applied for arsenic quantification in a gadolinium based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent gadobutrol at the level indicated in the guideline for elemental impurities approved by International council for harmonisation of technical requirements for pharmaceuticals for human use (ICH Q3D) as a limit concentration.
Polyaniline Plastic Nanocomposite as Multi‐Functional Nanomaterial
Authors: Yadav Ankita , Kumar Harish 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMixed metal nanocomposites encapsulated with conducting polymer plastic may show synergistic effects in their properties resulting in unique applications in optoelectronic, conducting material, recording tapes, data‐storing quantum dots, catalysis, sensors, adsorption, purification, seperation, biosensors, antibacterial, and anti‐corrosive agents. Encapsulation of Ni/Cu/ZnO (NCZ) nanocomposites (NCs) with polyaniline (PANI) plastic by in situ method results in unique properties. A modified sol‐gel method was used for synthesizing mixed metal NCs. The PANI was synthesized by the chemical‐oxidative method. TEM, FTIR, FESEM, UV‐visible, and XRD techniques were used for characterizing NCZ NCs, PANI, and NCZ/PANI NCs. The theoretical (computational) study was carried out to support the experimental results. The adsorption, magnetic, photocatalytic, photoluminescence, electrical, antibacterial, and anticorrosive properties of NCs were explored. The NCZ/PANI NCs were proved paramagnetic. The optical band gap of NCs observed from UV‐visible and computational techniques were comparable i. e., ∼2.32 eV. The NCs show 86.5 % corrosion inhibition efficiency for mild steel in acidic medium. The adsorption power of the Silica gel/NCs column was greater than the pure silica gel column. The NCs degrade methyl‐red dye in UV light. The antibacterial activity was investigated against E. coli (‐) and bacillus (+). No significant antibacterial activity was observed. The synthesized NCZ/PANI NCs were proved to be very good nanomaterials for adsorption, separation, magnetic, photocatalytic, electrical, and corrosion inhibitor.
Selective Electrochemical Oxidation of Alcohols Catalyzed by Partially Biobased TEMPO Analogs**
Authors: Doll Kenneth M. , Cermak Steven C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA new electrochemical catalyst has been synthesized from an analog of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) and the medium chain fatty acid, undecenoic acid. The electrochemical properties of the new material are shifted to more positive potential by ∼170 mV, typical for other substituted TEMPOs. The straightforward reaction gives a catalyst that has been tested in the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones and gives reaction rates similar to TEMPOs when considered on a per nitroxyl basis. However, the new system gives an ∼ 3‐fold higher primary over secondary selectivity. This reaction shows promise as a versatile method in the potential to synthesize rationally designed electroactive materials with a high biobased content.