bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Hemispherical Contact With Graded Elasticity Under Full-Stick Condition
Authors: Jana Tamonash , Mitra Anirban , Sahoo Prasanta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Finite element based analysis of full-stick contact between a functionally graded hemispherical asperity and a rigid flat is carried out under tangential loading. In the adopted gradation model, Young’s modulus and tangent modulus (considering bilinear isotropic hardening model) are varied according to an exponential function in the radial direction of the hemisphere. Under post-flattening tangential loading, the FGM hemispherical asperity contact is investigated for different values of gradation parameters. Different aspects of contact behavior, i.e., tangential and normal contact forces, contact area, contact pressure, etc. are investigated under the influence of varying gradation parameters. The evolution of stresses and deformation in the asperity are also studied for different gradation parameters.
Series of virtual light therapy interventions for fatigue: a feasibility pilot study protocol for a series of personalised (N-of-1) trials
Authors: Butler Mark , D'Angelo Stefani , Lewis Courtney , Miller Danielle , Perrin Alexandra , Suls Jerry , Chandereng Thevaa , Cheung Ying Kuen , Davidson Karina W 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionFatigue is one of the most commonly recorded patient symptoms that can result in deficits in aspects of psychomotor functioning, cognition, work performance and mood. Research shows that bright light and dim light therapy may be an efficacious way to reduce symptoms of fatigue. Still, the feasibility, scalability, individual treatment effects and adverse event heterogeneity of these treatments are unknown.Methods and analysisThe current study evaluates the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of a series of personalised (N-of-1) interventions for virtual delivery of bright light therapy and dim light therapy versus usual care treatment for fatigue in 60 participants. We hypothesise that this study will provide valuable information about implementing virtual, N-of-1 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for fatigue. It will also offer results about determining participants’ ratings of usability and satisfaction with the virtual, personalised intervention delivery system; evaluating participants’ improvement of fatigue symptoms; and, in the long term, identify ways to integrate N-of-1 light therapy trials into patient care.Ethics and disseminationThis trial was approved by the Northwell Health Institutional Review Board. The trial results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. All publications resulting from this series of personalised trials will follow the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials extension for N-of-1 trials CENT 2015 reporting guidelines.Registration detailsThis trial is registered inwww.ClinicalTrials.gov(numberNCT04707846).Trial registration numberNCT04707846.
Public acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among residents of Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional online study
Authors: Almeshari Meshari , Abanomy Ahmad , Alzamil Yasser , Alyahyawi Amjad , Al-Thomali Asma W , Alshihri Abdulaziz A , Althomali Omar W 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesThe acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine is essential for protecting the world population and stopping the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aimed to measure public acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination and the factors that may play an important role in increasing the acceptance of vaccinations in future pandemics.DesignA cross-sectional, observational study was conducted through a survey designed using the Google Forms platform. In this study, a logistic regression analysis was used to study and detect the variables linked to the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. To meet inclusion criteria, participants had to be 18 years or older at the time of collecting the data, reside in Saudi Arabia at the time of the survey, agree to the consent form and be able to complete the survey in Arabic.SettingRandomly selected residents of Saudi Arabia.Number of participants1658.ResultsIn general, the population of Saudi Arabia is supportive of the COVID-19 vaccine (72.0%) and has one of the highest acceptance rates, according to global studies. We found that men (OR 0.73; 95% CI: 0.55 to 0.97) were less likely to hesitate with regard to taking the vaccine, whereas previously infected individuals were more likely to hesitate (OR 1.77; 95% CI: 1.25 to 2.50). Those with a lower monthly income (<3000 Saudi riyal) were more likely to refuse the vaccine (OR 3.54; 95% CI: 1.81 to 6.91), while those living in cities (OR 0.62; 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.99) and the unemployed (OR 0.52; 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.83) were less likely to refuse it. Participants’ history of viral infection and trust in the healthcare system were found to be important factors in the public’s acceptance of the vaccine.ConclusionIn general, acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination is high in Saudi Arabia. Several factors have shown a method for predicting those who might reject the vaccine or hesitate to take it; thus, the healthcare system should target those residents throughout the campaign. Based on the conclusions of the current research, the acceptance of vaccinations could be increased.
Mechanical thrombectomy first versus direct angioplasty or stenting for the treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related large vessel occlusion: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Min Xiaoli , Li Wei , Zhao Hengxiao , Chen Quanming , Zheng Jiaxin , Zhao Xiaohong , Zhao Qing , Bai Xuesong , Dmytriw Adam Andrew , Patel Aman B , Feng Yao , Cao Wenbo , Wang Xue , Jiao Liqun 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionMechanical thrombectomy (MT) using stent retrievers or a direct aspiration first-pass technique has proven to yield better results over intravenous thrombolysis in treating acute ischaemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, the treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related LVO remains unclear and has been a critical problem in daily clinical practice, as it can cause a relatively high failure rate for MT. Whether direct angioplasty and/or stenting is clinically feasible and shows advantage in reducing delay to revascularisation with better functional outcome compared with MT with rescue angioplasty and/or stenting remains unclear. This study seeks to provide direct and practical clinical evidence for clinicians.Methods and analysisThe main databases of PubMed, the Cochrane library, Embase and Web of Science will be screened for related studies published after1 January 2015. Primary outcomes include successful recanalisation and 90-day favourable outcome. Secondary outcomes include puncture to revascularisation time, vascular complication (perforation, dissection and vasospasm), intracerebral haemorrhage, hospital-related complications and 90-day mortality. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale will be adopted to assess risk bias of observational studies. TheI2statistic will be used to assess heterogeneity.Ethics and disseminationNo primary data of patients are needed. Therefore, ethics approval is unnecessary. The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021268061.
NAVIGATE: improving survival in vulnerable patients with lung cancer through nurse navigation, symptom monitoring and exercise – study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Langballe Rikke , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg , Jakobsen Erik , Karlsen Randi Valbjørn , Iachina Maria , Freund Karen M , Leclair Amy , Nielsen Anette Søgaard , Andersen Elisabeth Anne Wreford , Rosthøj Susanne , Jørgensen Lars Bo , Skou Søren Thorgaard , Bidstrup Pernille Envold 
Published: October 2022

Introduction and aimLow socioeconomic position (SEP) has been shown to be strongly associated with impaired lung cancer survival. Barriers related to receiving recommended treatment among patients with lung cancer with low SEP may include adverse health behaviour and limited physical and psychosocial resources influencing the ability to react on high-risk symptoms and to navigate the healthcare system. To address the underlying factors that drive both decisions of treatment, adherence to treatment and follow-up in vulnerable patients with lung cancer, we developed the Navigate intervention. The aim of this randomised controlled trial is to investigate the effect of the intervention on survival (primary outcome), lung cancer treatment adherence, health-related quality of life and other psychosocial outcomes as well as health costs and process evaluation (secondary outcomes) in a study population of vulnerable patients with lung cancer.Methods and analysisThis two-armed multicentre randomised trial will recruit patients from five lung cancer clinics in Denmark identified as vulnerable according to a screening instrument with nine clinical and patient-reported vulnerability criteria developed for the study. We will enrol 518 vulnerable patients>18 years old diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer at all stages with a performance status<2. Participants will be randomly allocated to either standard treatment and intervention or standard treatment alone. The Navigate intervention is based on principles from motivational interviewing and includes three components of nurse navigation, systematic monitoring of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and physical exercise in a person-centred delivery model. Data will be collected at baseline and 3, 6, 12 months after randomisation using questionnaires, clinical data and physical function tests.Ethics and disseminationEthics Committee, Region Zealand (SJ-884/EMN-2020-37380) and the Data Protection Agency in Region Zealand (REG-080-2021) approved the trial. Participants will provide written informed consent. Results will be reported in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05053997.
Development of a model for shared care between general practice and mental healthcare: a protocol for a co-production study
Authors: Marcussen Michael , Berring Lene , Hørder Mogens , Søndergaard Jens , Nørgaard Birgitte 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionMental health illness represents one of the greatest health burdens in the world. It is well documented that treatment of these illnesses could be optimised through strengthened collaboration between general practice and specialised mental healthcare services (shared care). Furthermore, involvement of users in the design of new interventions to strengthen end-user value and sustainability is key. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a shared care intervention in co-production with users.Methods and analysisThe study will take place at psychiatric outpatient clinics in Denmark.The project is described in four sequential steps, each informing and leading into the next: a systematic review (step 1) will be followed by an exploratory study investigating how stakeholders (general practitioners, mental healthcare staff and patients) perceive existing treatment and collaboration between general practice and mental health services. Steps 1 and 2 will inform and qualify the intervention that will be developed in step 3 as a co-creation study. Step 4 will assess the intervention in a feasibility study. Step 4 will be designed as a non-randomised intervention study with a control group with preassessments and postassessments. In total, 240 patients will be recruited. Questionnaires will be administered to the participants at their first visit to an outpatient clinic and again after 3 months. The primary outcome will be patients’ self-reported mental health status (Short Form Health Survey, SF-36) and recovery (revised Recovery Assessment Scale, RAS-R). Recruitment will take place from June 2023 to May 2024.Ethics and disseminationThe project is approved by the ethics committee (REG-016–2022). Informed consent based on written and verbal information about the aims, purpose and use of the study and the data collection will be obtained from all participants. The study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences. The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.Trial registration numberNCT05172375.Prospero registration number287989.
Effect of online physical therapy on workplace accident-related outcomes in nursing care worker: study protocol of a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Higuchi Shuto , Funatsu Kouhei , Nawata Keishi , Kuhara Satoshi , Fujino Yoshihisa , Saeki Satoru 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionAccording to the 2017 data, occupational accidents are more common in social welfare facilities compared with other industries; in particular, the number of occupational accidents resulting in four or more days of absence from work due to low back pain (LBP) or falls has increased and is considered problematic. Although physical therapy has been demonstrated to be effective in preventing LBP and falls in older adults living in the community, no randomised controlled trials have examined whether individual online physical therapy can prevent LBP and falls in nursing care workers (NCW).Methods and analysisA total of 120 NCW aged 20 years or older will be randomly assigned to an online individualised therapy group (ITG) or usual group (UG) after obtaining informed consent. We defined an NCW as a person who assists disabled and elderly persons with eating, bathing and toileting activities in social welfare facilities. We will follow-up the participants 12 months after the start of the intervention and compare the results at 3, 6 and 12 months. The primary endpoint will be the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI); ITG participants will receive professional advice on LBP and musculoskeletal problems from a physical therapist via online interview and email as often as they wish over a 6-month period; UG participants will only have access to brochures and video feeds related to LBP and fall prevention. Owing to the nature of the study, blinding the participants and interventionists is not possible; however, the outcomes will be assessed via a web-based questionnaire to prevent detection bias. The null hypothesis is that there is no clinically important difference in the primary outcome between the two treatment groups and that a decrease in the ODI score of at least 20% is clinically meaningful.Ethics and disseminationThe Ethics Committee of the Japanese Society of Occupational Medicine approved the protocol of this study. The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial registration numberjRCT1070210128.
Cohort profile: Health trajectories of Immigrant Children (CRIAS)–a prospective cohort study in the metropolitan area of Lisbon, Portugal
Authors: Muggli Zélia , Mertens Thierry , Amado Regina , Teixeira Ana Lúcia , Vaz Dora , Pires Melanie , Loureiro Helena , Fronteira Inês , Abecasis Ana B , Silva António Carlos , Martins Maria Rosário O 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe CRIAS (Health trajectories of Immigrant Children in Amadora) cohort study was created to explore whether children exposed to a migratory process experience different health risks over time, including physical health, cognitive, socioemotional and behavioural challenges and different healthcare utilisation patterns.ParticipantsThe original CRIAS was set up to include 604 children born in 2015, of whom 50% were immigrants, and their parents. Recruitment of 420 children took place between June 2019 and March 2020 at age 4/5 years, with follow-up carried out at age 5/6 years, at age 6/7 years currently under way.Findings to dateBaseline data at age 4/5 years (2019–2020) suggested immigrant children to be more likely to belong to families with less income, compared with non-immigrant children. Being a first-generation immigrant child increased the odds of emotional and behavioural difficulties (adjusted OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.06 to 4.76); more immigrant children required monitoring of items in the psychomotor development test (38.5% vs 28.3%). The prevalence of primary care utilisation was slightly higher among immigrant children (78.0% vs 73.8%), yet they received less health monitoring assessments for age 4 years. Utilisation of the hospital emergency department was higher among immigrants (53.2% vs 40.6%). Age 5 years follow-up (2020–2021) confirmed more immigrant children requiring monitoring of psychomotor development, compared with non-immigrant children (33.9% vs 21.6%). Economic inequalities exacerbated by post-COVID-19 pandemic confinement with parents of immigrant children 3.2 times more likely to have their household income decreased.Future plansFurther follow-up will take place at 8, 10, 12/13 and 15 years of age. Funds awarded by the National Science Foundation will allow 900 more children from four other Lisbon area municipalities to be included in the cohort (cohort-sequential design).
Canadian Anaphylaxis Network-Predicting Recurrence after Emergency Presentation for Allergic REaction (CAN-PREPARE): a prospective, cohort study protocol
Authors: Alqurashi Waleed , Shaker Marcus , Wells George A , Collins Gary Stephen , Greenhawt Matthew , Curran Janet A , Zemek Roger , Schuh Suzanne , Ellis Anne , Gerdts Jennifer , Kreviazuk Cheryl , Dixon Andrew , Eltorki Mohamed , Freedman Stephen B , Gravel Jocelyn , Poonai Naveen , Worm Margitta , Plint Amy C 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionAnaphylaxis is a severe, potentially fatal multiorgan system manifestation of an allergic reaction. The highest incidence of anaphylaxis is in children and adolescents. Biphasic anaphylaxis (BA) is defined as the recurrence of allergic symptoms after resolution of an initial reaction. It has been reported to occur in 10%–20% of cases within 1–48 hours from the onset of the initial reaction. The dilemma for physicians is determining which patients with resolved anaphylaxis should be observed for BA and for how long. Guidelines for duration of postanaphylaxis monitoring vary, are based on limited evidence and can have unintended negative impacts on patient safety, quality of life and healthcare resources. The objectives of this study are to derive a prognostic model for BA and to develop a risk-scoring system that informs disposition decisions of children who present to emergency departments (ED) with anaphylaxis.Methods and analysisThis prospective multicentre cohort study will enrol 1682 patients from seven paediatric EDs that are members of the Paediatric Emergency Research Canada network. We will enrol patients younger than 18 years of age with an allergic reaction meeting anaphylaxis diagnostic criteria. Trained ED research assistants will screen, obtain consent and prospectively collect study data. Research assistants will follow patients during their ED visit and ascertain, in conjunction with the medical team, if the patient develops BA. A standardised follow-up survey conducted following study enrolment will determine if a biphasic reaction occurred after ED disposition. Model development will conform to the broad principles of the PROGRESS (Prognosis Research Strategy) framework and reporting will follow the Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis Statement.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been received from all participating centres. Our dissemination plan focuses on informing clinicians, policy makers and parents of the results through publication in peer-reviewed journals and broadcasting on multiple media platforms.Trial registration numberNCT05135377.
Incidence and outcomes of acute mesenteric ischaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tamme Kadri , Reintam Blaser Annika , Laisaar Kaja-Triin , Mändul Merli , Kals Jaak , Forbes Alastair , Kiss Olga , Acosta Stefan , Bjørck Martin , Starkopf Joel 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence of acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI), proportions of its different forms and short-term and long-term mortality.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library were searched until 26 July 2022.Eligibility criteriaStudies reporting data on the incidence and outcomes of AMI in adult populations.Data extraction and synthesisData extraction and quality assessment with modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale were performed using predeveloped standard forms. The outcomes were the incidence of AMI and its different forms in the general population and in patients admitted to hospital, and the mortality of AMI in its different forms.ResultsFrom 3064 records, 335 full texts were reviewed and 163 included in the quantitative analysis. The mean incidence of AMI was 6.2 (95% CI 1.9 to 12.9) per 100 000 person years. On average 5.0 (95% CI 3.3 to 7.1) of 10 000 hospital admissions were due to AMI. Occlusive arterial AMI was the most common form constituting 68.6% (95% CI 63.7 to 73.2) of all AMI cases, with similar proportions of embolism and thrombosis.Overall short-term mortality (in-hospital or within 30 days) of AMI was 59.6% (95% CI 55.5 to 63.6), being 68.7% (95% CI 60.8 to 74.9) in patients treated before the year 2000 and 55.0% (95% CI 45.5 to 64.1) in patients treated from 2000 onwards (p<0.05). The mid/long-term mortality of AMI was 68.2% (95% CI 60.7 to 74.9). Mortality due to mesenteric venous thrombosis was 24.6% (95% CI 17.0 to 32.9) and of non-occlusive mesenteric ischaemia 58.4% (95% CI 48.6 to 67.7). The short-term mortality of revascularised occlusive arterial AMI was 33.9% (95% CI 30.7 to 37.4).ConclusionsIn adult patients, AMI is a rarely diagnosed condition with high mortality, although with improvement of treatment results over the last decades. Two thirds of AMI cases are of occlusive arterial origin with potential for better survival if revascularised.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021247148.
Occupational health hazards among healthcare providers and ancillary staff in Ghana: a scoping review
Authors: Tawiah Philip Apraku , Baffour-Awuah Alberta , Effah Emmanuel Sintim , Adu-Fosu Geoffrey , Ashinyo Mary Eyram , Alhassan Robert Kaba , Appiah-Brempong Emmanuel , Afriyie-Gyawu Evans 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe strict implementation of occupational health and safety policy curbs exposure to occupational hazards. However, empirical evidence is lacking in the Ghanaian context. This review primarily aimed to explore exposure to occupational hazards among healthcare providers and ancillary staff in Ghana.DesignA scoping review was conducted based on Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework and Levacet al’s methodological enhancement.Data sourcesSearches were conducted of the PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO and Scopus databases, as well as Google Scholar and websites of tertiary institutions in Ghana, for publications from 1 January 2010 to 30 November 2021.Eligibility criteriaQuantitative studies that were published in the English language and focused on occupational exposure to biological and/or non-biological hazards among healthcare professionals in Ghana were included.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted the data based on the type of occupational exposure and descriptive characteristics of the studies. The data are presented in tables and graphs. A narrative summary of review findings was prepared based on the review research questions.ResultsOur systematic search strategy retrieved 507 publications; however, only 43 met the inclusion criteria. A little over one-quarter were unpublished theses/dissertations. The included studies were related to biological, psychosocial, ergonomic and other non-biological hazards. 55.8% of the studies were related to exposure to biological hazards and related preventive measures. In general, health workers were reported to use and comply with control and preventive measures; however, knowledge of control and preventive measures was suboptimal.ConclusionWork is needed to address the issue of occupational health hazard exposure in Ghana’s health system. More research is needed to understand the extent of these exposures and their effects on the health system.