bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Modification and Life Style Changes due to COVID-19 Pandemic Homestay among Nursing Students of Pokhara: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Dibya , Kafle Ramchandra , Singh Sakun 
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: In December 2019, new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) emerged in Wuhan, China causing pandemic all over the world which results in homestay order. Homestay lead to changes in lifestyle like sedentary life, sleeping habits and eating behavior. So, the objective is to assess dietary and life style modification among nursing students of Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional online survey was conducted from August 1 to October 15, 2020. The setting of study (Manipal) was selected purposively in which enumerative sampling technique was used constituting total sample size of 216 nursing students. Data was collected through self-administer semi-structure questionnaire via online mode which was further analyzed using descriptive statistics SPSS 20.0 version.
RESULTS: There was slight modification in intake of food items like fruits, vegetable, protein, fats, commercialized items, carbonated/sweetened beverages and non-vegetarian diets (chicken and fish). During COVID-19, less than one-fifth (15%) wake up before 7 AM and 78.2% sleep duration is 7-9 hours. About 64.1% pass their leisure time watching TV/ facebook/ messenger/ youtube/ whatsapp/ instagram. Nearly 99.1% engaged in household activities during home stay. More than three-fourth (77.8%) of respondents were doing physical activity. But still 69.9% had weight gain.
CONCLUSION: Despite physical and household activities, some unhealthy practices like waking up late, increased sleep duration and use of screen was observed. There was less modification in dietary pattern. So it is recommended to follow healthy diet like Mediterranean diet having several health benefits like weight reduction, prevention from non-communicable diseases and boost immune system in period of pandemic.
Clinical Manifestations, Neuroimaging Findings, and Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in a Nepalese Tertiary Centre
Authors: Gautam Niraj , Ojha Rajeev , Kharel Sanjeev , Gajurel Bikram Prasad , Sitaula Sanjeeta , Karn Ragesh , Rajbhandari Reema , Shrestha Ashish 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is characterized by headache, visual impairment, papilledema, and increased cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure. We aim to evaluate clinical manifestations, neuroimaging findings, and treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in a Nepalese tertiary center.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively included patients with the diagnosis of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension who were admitted to the Neurology department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from 2019 June to 2021 May and presented to the Neuro-ophthalmology outpatient clinic of the hospital for follow-up.
Results: Out of 16 Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension patients, 12(75%) patients had either headache or ocular pain. Reduced visual acuity and progressive visual loss were found in 44% of patients. Normal CSF opening pressure was found in 19%, 44% had CSF opening pressure at a range of 20-30 cm H20 and > 30 cm H20 in 37.5%. 15 Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension patients (93.7%) were subtyped as Typical and 1 patient was diagnosed as Fulminant Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension. Acetazolamide was used for treatment in 15 patients and 1 patient needed ventriculoperitoneal shunting. 56% Seven patients (44%) had some abnormal findings: partial empty sella (44%), and tortuous optic nerve (31%), flattened posterior eyeball (31%), and hypoplastic transverse sinus (19%).
Conclusions: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is an uncommon diagnosis but should be suspected in patients with chronic headaches with visual impairment. In low-resource settings, proper history along with neurological and ophthalmological examinations can even detect the early features and timely referral can save the vision and disability of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension patients.
Histomorphological Pattern of Malignant Skin Tumors – A Cross-sectional Study in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Thapa Sushma , Ghosh Arnab , Ghartimagar Dilasma , Regmi Sudeep , Jhunjhunwala Adarsh Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The incidence of skin cancer is increasing exponentially around the world. This study aims to analyze different malignant skin tumors concerning age pattern, gender, and site-wise distribution.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study carried out in the Department of Pathology, a tertiary care center for over ten years from April 2011 to March 2021. All malignant skin tumors arising from the epidermis along with melanocytic and adnexal tumors were included in the study.
Results: A total of 208 cases of skin malignancies among which 117 (56.3%) cases were males and 91 (43.8%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Overall, the majority were seen in the sixth decade 49 (23.6%) with head and neck region 113 (54.3%) being the commonest site of involvement. Basal cell carcinoma 79 (38%) was the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancer followed by squamous cell carcinoma 75 (36.1%). A maximum number of basal cell carcinoma were observed in the sixth decade 19 (24.1%) whereas squamous cell carcinoma in the seventh decade 21 (28%) cases. Other skin cancers were malignant melanoma 31 (14.9%), verrucous carcinoma 13 (6.3%), trichilemmal carcinoma five (2.4%), sebaceous carcinoma two (1%), and one case each of eccrine carcinoma, malignant nodular hidradenoma, and malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor.
Conclusions: Skin malignancies were seen in the sixth decade with male preponderance. Overall, the head and neck region was the commonest site of involvement. Basal cell carcinoma was the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancer followed by squamous cell carcinoma.
Histopathological Examination in the Categorization of fungal Rhinosinusitis - a Retrospective Study
Authors: Kandasamy Sangeetha , Chandrasekar Megala , Ramachadran Thamilselvi 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Fungal Rhinosinusitis is broadly defined as any sinonasal pathology related to the presence of fungi and is increasingly recognized worldwide. This study aimed to assess and ascertain the need for histopathological examination in the management of fungal Rhinosinusitis.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed over two years, from April 2019 to April 2021, in the Department of Pathology, Vinayaka Missions KirupanandaVariyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem. A total of 383 cases of rhinosinusitis/nasal polyps were studied. Histopathological examination and categorization were done and compared with clinical diagnosis.
Results: Only 4/18 cases of acute fungal Rhinosinusitis were correctly diagnosed(22.22%). Nineteen cases of the fungal ball were diagnosed, but none was correctly categorized. Clinical suspicion of fungal sinusitis was present in 10 cases of Rhinosinusitis, which turned out to be chronic Rhinosinusitis in histopathology. In AFRS, fungal elements were overlooked in Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides and identified only by Grocottmethenamine silver in one-fourth of the cases.
Conclusions: Though clinical diagnosis was made in 86% of fungal rhinosinusitis cases, correct categorization was done only in one-third of cases. CT scan could diagnose 60% of cases, but none was categorized. As treatment depends on the type of fungal Rhinosinusitis, histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosing and treating fungal Rhinosinusitis.
Perception and Practice of Blood Donation Among Medical Students in Southern Rajasthan, India
Authors: Samanta Matariswa , Kumar Dilip L , Patel Mehul , Mangal Nitesh , Varghese K. A. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Despite all efforts, there is a gap in the demand and supply of blood donation in India. Medical students play a crucial role in promoting and mobilizing blood donation among potential youth. The present study attempted to ascertain the knowledge, attitude, and practice as well as factors associated with actual blood donation among medical students at various stages of their studies.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted during May-June 2021using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire through Google form among 346 medical students representing first, second and third-year MBBS. The aggregate scores for knowledge and attitude worked out for each student and analyzed for gender effect, actual practice, a correlation between knowledge and attitude score, and factors contributing to it using z- test, correlation coefficient test, and chi-square test respectively.
Results: The blood donation by students was found significantly associated with sex, age, and phases of the MBBS curriculum (p<0.05). The mean attitude score of female students (6.90) was higher compared to male students (6.60). There was a significant correlation (r=0.371) between the overall knowledge and attitude score of students towards blood donation.
Conclusions: The gender, age, and phase of study of medical students are significant factors contributing to actual blood donation. The higher attitude of female students could not be transformed into the actual practice of blood donation. Special efforts are required to enthuse medical students in general and female students in particular towards blood donation.
Permeability Enhancement of Methotrexate Transdermal Gel using Eucalyptus oil, Peppermint Oil and Olive Oil(Conference Paper )#
Authors: Ali Ashoor Jamal , M. Mohsin Jinan , Mohsin Hussein Mohammed , W. Mahde Basam , M. Gareeb Mowafaq 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: the idea of this study to improve transdermal permeability of Methotrexate using eucalyptus oil, olive oil and peppermint oil as enhancers.Method: eucalyptus oil (2% and 4%), peppermint oil (2% and 4%) and olive oil (2% and 4%) all used as natural enhancers to develop transdermal permeability of Methotrexate via gel formulation. The gel was subjected to many physiochemical properties tests. In-vitro release and permeability studies for the drug were done by Franz cell diffusion across synthetic membrane, kinetic model was studied via korsmeyer- peppas equation.Result: the results demonstrate that safe, nonirritant or cause necrosis to rats' skin and stable till 60 days gel was successfully formulated.Methotrexate penetration alone without enhancer is only about 20%, while using enhancers reach to 85%, 99% and 90% with eucalyptus oil 4%, peppermint oil 4% and olive oil 4% respectively after 24 hours.Conclusion: Methotrexate transdermal gel was prepared and evaluated fruitfully in-vitro with a good permeation across semipermeable membrane. The results indicated that using of peppermint oil as enhancer have superiority to enhance the transdermal permeation of the Methotrexate.
Вплив багатокомпонентної терапії на діастолічну функцію лівого шлуночка в пацієнтів з резистентною артеріальною гіпертензією
Authors: Matova O. O. , Mishchenko L. А. , Kuchmenko O. B. 
Published: January 2022

The aim – to determine prognostic factors of improving left ventricular diastolic function (LV DF) in resistant hypertension (RH) patients (pts) treated with multicomponent antihypertensive therapy during three years.Materials and methods. 102 patients with true RH were included. Patients received triple fixed combination (blocker of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system / calcium antagonist / diuretic), to which has been added a fourth drug (spironolactone, eplerenone, moxonidine, torasemide or nebivolol). The state of LV DF was studied at the beginning and at the end of the study. Office and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurements, echocardiography, clinical characteristics, neurohumoral and proinflammatory status were assessed.Results and discussion. Impairment LV DF was detected in 75.5 % of pts. The first degree of LV diastolic dysfunction (DD) was observed in 63.7 %. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group included persons without initial impairment of LV DF (n=25), the second – pts with LV DD (n=77). Patients with LV DD were older, had a longer duration of hypertension, higher body mass index, 24-h urinary albumin excretion, office BP and 24-h ambulatory BP, more often (in 2 times) disorders of circadian BP rhythm and concomitant diabetes mellitus (DM). Left ventricular DD in 100 % of cases was associated with severe LV hypertrophy (LVH), increased plasma concentration of inflammatory proteins (CRP, fibrinogen), cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), increased activity of leukocyte elastase, macrophage matrix metalloproteinase-12. The concentration in the blood of aldosterone, active renin, 24-h urinary excretion of metanephrines did not differ between the groups.Conclusions. Improvement and stabilization of LV DF occurred in parallel with regression of LVH (normalization of LVMI in 35.1 % of pts and significant decrease of LVMI in 64.9 %) against the background of decrease of BP and in the proportion of pts with disturbed circadian BP rhythm. The independent factors of the E/E’ ratio were the initial plasma concentrations of aldosterone (β=0.556; р=0.0001), glucose (β=0.366; р=0.0001), active renin (β=–0.223; р=0.004), 24-h urinary albumin excretion (β=0.188; р=0.016), age (β=0,192; р=0,023). The odds of an improvement in LV DF increased by 3.7 times, if the patient with RH had no DM, LVH regression occurred.
ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS OF SEXUAL TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
Authors: Siregar Putra Apriadi , Nasution Fauziah , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sitorus Muhammad Ancha , Nasution Reni Armayani , Hayati Fitri 
Published: January 2022

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a very dangerous problem, especially with the transmission of STIs. The incidence of STIs is still high because people's knowledge of STIs is still low, and people are still ashamed to admit to STI sufferers so that STI cases are still high. The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis of risk factors of sexually transmitted infections in North Sumatera province (secondary data analysis for the 2017 IDHS). This study conducted a secondary data analysis of the 2017 IDHS in North Sumatra Province. This research was conducted on 1717 women of childbearing age in North Sumatra Province.Â This study used the Chi-square test and Prevalent Rate (PR). The results of this study show chi-square analysis results showed a relationship between the source for STI knowledge: health professional (p <0.001), knowledge of the source for STI knowledge: a religious institution (p <0.001), male STI symptoms (p <0.001) with sexual transmitted infections symptoms with a p-value <0.001. A woman of childbearing age who has a partner with STI symptoms has a 26.088 times greater risk of suffering from an STI than a woman of childbearing age whose partner does not have STI symptoms. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are related to STI knowledge: health professional, knowledge of the source for STI knowledge: a religious institution, male STI symptoms. Symptoms of STIs in women of childbearing age partners are closely related to the incidence of STIs in women of childbearing age.
TECHNICAL SKILLS OVERWHELMING SOCIAL SKILLS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSING ON TEACHING METHODS
Authors: Hardy Syaifoel , Tukayo Isak Jurun Hans , Maulana Rijal , Afzal Ridha 
Published: January 2022

The teaching of occupational health nursing (OHN) requires an emphasis on which one should be dominant between technical and social domain, as practiced in the industrial healthÂ care services.Â The purpose of this research isÂ determine which skill domain is more dominant between technical and social skills in the OHN teaching-learning system.Â This type of study is quantitative approach with cross-sectional study design. The populations were nursing students, nursing practitioners, and nursing lecturers. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling taken online with a sample size of 130 respondents of Indonesian nurses in Indonesia. The data collection tool used a mixed questionnaire in a Likert Scale based on the Health Belief Model theory. The data were analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test to see whether the results of this study were dominated by the technical or social skills domain. The validity and reliability test was carried out with a sample of 30 people. They were measured by looking at the r table and the Cronbach alpha value for each questionnaire statement, using the SPSS application with the Pearson Product Moment test.Â The T-Test result of SPSS shows 95 respondents (73.1%), perceived technical skills dominate the OHN work in industry, and 35 respondents (26.9%)Â in social skills, with a p-value of 0.000. In other words, the dominance of technical skills has a very close association to the teaching-learning system.Â The need for technical skills is much more dominant than social skills. OHN teaching needs to have an emphasis on technical skills, not the social domain.
PARENTAL KNOWLEDGE TOWARDS CHILDRENâ€™S DENTAL AND ORAL HYGIENE
Authors: Efzi Agno Elman , Sari Emilda 
Published: January 2022

Dental and oral hygiene problem is the leading cause of daily activities disruption in children such as missing school, bad learning concentration, appetite and nutritional intake. Knowledge of dental and oral hygiene should be given at early age in family by the parents. The aim of our work was to determine relationship between parentsâ€™ knowledge and dental hygiene of the SDLB children (children with special needs). We undertook this research with analytical survey. A cross-sectional design was carried out. The sampling method was total sampling namely parents of children with special needs and the children as many as 80 people. Chi-Square test was performed to analyze the data. The results show that the knowledge of parents about dental and oral hygiene is not good (85%), while the dental and oral hygiene in children with special needs is poor (85%). Based on the Chi-Square Test, it produces a p-value of sig (2-sided) = 0.002 in the test, so it can obtain a p-value (probability value) from the test (p = 0.002 < = 0.05) so that HoÂ is rejected. In conclusion, a relationship between parental knowledge and oral hygiene in children with special needs does exist.Â Â
Inconstitucionalidad del artículo 83 la Ley Orgánica de Gestión de la identidad y Datos Civiles que priva a las personas del derecho humano a la identidad
Authors: Sanipatin Mora Gabriela Alexandra 
Published: January 2022

Las autoridades, servidoras y servidores públicos del Servicio de Registro Civil, Identificación y Cedulación de Ecuador, están facultados por el Art. 83 de la Ley Orgánica de Gestión de la Identidad y Datos Civiles, cuando se trate de una doble o múltiple inscripción de un mismo acto o hecho del estado civil de las personas, a pesar de que consten con datos distintos, para anular las inscripciones posteriores. Pero estas anulaciones han generado, igualmente, la anulación del derecho humano a la identidad, situación que contraviene los instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos que lo consagran, como lo son la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos y la Convención sobre Derechos Humanos, ambos de la Organización de Naciones Unidas, así como la Constitución de la República y el Código de la Niñez y Adolescencia. 66 del mencionado cuerpo constitucional dispone que el derecho a la identidad personal incluye conservar, desarrollar y fortalecer las características materiales e inmateriales de la identidad, entre ellas la nacionalidad y la procedencia familiar.
Las cuales, al anularse la inscripción de nacimiento, desaparecen administrativamente, lo que es inconstitucional al existir un conflicto entre normas de superior e inferior jerarquía, que la propia Constitución de la República resuelve en el inciso 2° de su Art.
Análisis de las políticas públicas en materia educativa en los centros de privación de libertad en Ecuador
Authors: Villarreal Chiriboga Brayan Alexis 
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo investigativo fue analizar el acceso de las personas privadas de libertad a la educación como medio para la rehabilitación social y reinserción laboral, después del cumplimiento de la pena. La metodología científica de investigación utilizada fue la documental, analítica y descriptiva, que mediante la técnica de la observación y el análisis estadístico-documental logró recopilar datos informativos sobre las acciones emitidas por las instituciones relacionadas con el sistema carcelario y el sistema nacional de educación en materia de política pública, encaminada a otorgar el derecho a la educación de las personas privadas de la libertad (PPL) como lo determina la Constitución; permitiendo conocer ¿qué políticas públicas garantizan el acceso a la educación en los Centros de Privación de la Libertad del Ecuador?; ¿cuántos presos tienen acceso al servicio educativo de las cárceles?; ¿cuáles fueron las acciones interinstitucionales que motivaron el ingreso de los presos al proceso de aprendizaje continuo?; ¿cuántos docentes por estudiantes PPL son parte del sistema? Desde el ámbito académico se concluye que el eje educativo es el pilar fundamental para alcanzar la verdadera rehabilitación social y el desarrollo laboral; sin embargo, en el país no se ha alcanzado la transformación del sistema de rehabilitación social.
El norte chiquito: From ‘dirty wars’ to drug wars in the Guerrero hotlands
Authors: Aviña Alexander 
Published: January 2022

Mexico’s so-called “War on Drugs” began as a war on poor people. This article locates the roots of Mexico’s current drug-related violence in a longer history of state terror and violence enacted against social movements and rural communities. The article traces this history by grounding it locally in the guerrerense municipality of Coyuca de Catalán. Resumen: El norte chiquito: De “guerras sucias” a guerras de drogas en Tierra Caliente de GuerreroLa mal llamada “guerra contra las drogas” en México empezó como una guerra contra los pobres. Este articulo ubica las raíces de la violencia en el México contemporáneo dentro una historia de terrorismo de estado y violencia durante la década de los años 70. Para desenredar estas raíces, el artículo ofrece una perspectiva histórica y local basada en el municipio guerrerense de Coyuca de Catalán.