bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization (Electrical and Optical) of TiO2 Doped with MnO2
Authors: Amakoromo T. E. 
Published: November 2022

TiO2 is vastly used in several industries due to its several properties, its wide bandgap and poor ionic conductivity has however hampered its application in the energy industry. In this work, TiO2 has been doped with MnO2 to produce thin films. The doping was carried out in 5, 10 and 15 wt% of MnO2 and the resultant films characterized (uv/vis photospectroscopy and 4-point probe conductivity test). It was observed that the electrical conductivity was highly improved as was observed in the conductivity test which showed the conductivity of pure TiO2 at 0.0100Ω-1m-1, increase to 0.0217 Ω-1m-1 at 5wt% of MnO2 , and to 0.0409Ω-1m-1 at 10wt% and finally to 0.0749wt Ω-1m-1 at 15wt% of MnO2. The improvement in the conducting properties were also made evident by the drastic reduction in the bandgap energy of TiO2 which reduced for 3.2eV of pure TiO2 to 2.7eV, 2.2eV and 1.7eV for 5wt%, 10wt% and 15wt% MnO2 respectively. These bandgap values were obtained from kebulka-monk plots made by the reflectance readings of the UV/VIS.
Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Systems
Authors: Mehrabankhomartash Mahmoud , Saeedifard Maryam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe modular multilevel converter (MMC) has become a well‐established converter topology for medium/high‐power energy conversion systems, particularly for high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. In this paper, a general overview of the basics of operation of the MMC along with its control challenges and objectives are discussed.
Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motors, Introduction
Authors: Riera‐Guasp Martín , Martínez‐Román Javier , Puche‐Panadero Rubén , Valencia Jordi Burriel , Bañó Angel Sapena , Pérez‐Cruz Juan , Pineda‐Sánchez Manuel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article is intended as an introduction to the field of induction machine fault diagnosis. Its objective is to give an overview of the problems that arise in this field and the methodologies used to solve them, so that readers are given access to the abundant available technical literature. In the first part of the article, basic concepts and terminology used in this field are introduced. A classification of the different types of faults is made, and the concepts of on‐line, off‐line, stationary or transitory diagnosis, and diagnostic methodologies in the time domain, frequency domain, or the time–frequency domain are explained. The most widely used mathematical tools are also introduced in a conceptual way and are related to the previous concepts. In the second part of the article, a section is dedicated to each of the main types of faults. In each case, the causes of the fault, the consequences, and the physical phenomena they produce are explained. These physical phenomena are the basis of the fault diagnosis techniques, which are explained below. For each type of fault, the most widely used methodologies in the industrial field are presented, and in some cases alternative methods proposed in the literature, aimed at solving specific problems, are also commented. Throughout the article numerous examples based on laboratory tests and measurements obtained under real operating conditions are presented, which facilitate the understanding of the concepts being explained.
From Contaminated to Highly Lithiated Interfaces: A Versatile Modification Strategy for Garnet Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Yang Xuerui , Tang Shijun , Zheng Chenxi , Ren Fucheng , Huang Yaxin , Fei Xinjie , Yang Wu , Pan Siyu , Gong Zhengliang , Yang Yong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe surface chemistry of garnet electrolyte is sensitive to air exposure. The poor LLZO/Li interface caused by Li2CO3/LiOH contaminants on garnet electrolyte surface easily induces large interfacial resistance resulting in the growth of Li dendrites. Herein, a versatile modification strategy is designed to convert the contaminants on Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) surface into a LiF and Li2PO3F‐rich lithiophilic interface by targeted chemical reactions at the interface between LiPO2F2 and Li2CO3/LiOH. The newly formed LiF‐Li2PO3F interfacial layer not only facilitates the interface wettability between Li and LLZTO, but also helps to resist corrosion of the LLZTO surface by moisture in the air. The Li|LiF&Li2PO3F‐LLZTO|Li symmetric cell exhibits a low interfacial resistance of 5.1 Ω cm2 and ultrastable galvanostatic cycling, over 1500 h at 0.6 mA cm−2 and over 70 h at 1.0 mA cm−2. In addition, LiCoO2|LiF&Li2PO3F‐LLZTO|Li hybrid solid‐state full cells display high initial specific capacity of 192 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, and excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention over 76% even after 1000 cycles at 0.5 C at a high cut‐off voltage of 4.5 V. This study provides a simple and practical strategy for the feasibility of the application of high‐voltage cathodes in this modified garnet all‐solid‐state batteries.
LBL Noninvasively Peelable Biointerfacial Adhesives for Cutaneo‐Inspired pH/Tactility Artificial Receptors
Authors: Yuan Renqiang , Yang Ning , Li Weikun , Liu Zonghao , Feng Fang , Zhang Qianli , Ge Liqin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBesides barrier functions, skin possesses multiple sentiences to external stimuli (e.g., temperature, force, and humidity) for human‐outside interaction. Thus, skincare should be taken very seriously, especially by patients with sensory disorders. However, currently available skin‐mimicking devices are always limited by so much insufficient response functions and nontunable interface behaviors so as not to realize precise health monitoring and self‐defense against injury. Herein, a bioinspired cutaneous receptor‐perceptual system (CRPS) patch is presented, integrating hybrid pH indicators and triboelectric nanogenerators into biointerface film‐adhesives that are fabricated through facile layer‐by‐layer (LBL) self‐assembly of amide and Schiff‐base linkages between alginate grafted with N‐hydroxysuccinimide ester (AN), tannic acid (TA), and polyethylenimine (PEI). This CRPS patch is adhered robustly to the soft‐curved skin surface without failure via “molecular suturing,” and amino acid enables its benign peel‐on‐demand from tissue interfaces. Postdamage self‐healing brings it without surgical reoperation, avoiding extra cost, pain, as well as infection risks. Significantly, CRPS patches as artificial chemo/mechanoreceptors can remotely visualize skin physiological status by pH‐induced chromism using smartphones and prevent skin contact injury by tactility‐driven self‐powered electrical signals. Overall, the LBL‐based strategy to create controllably biointerface‐adhesive CRPS patches will usher in a new era of the mobihealth care platform supporting smart diagnosis and self‐protection.
Photonic Technology for In Vivo Monitoring of Hypoxia–Ischemia
Authors: Olaetxea Ion , Lafuente Hector , Lopez Eneko , Izeta Ander , Jaunarena Ibon , Seifert Andreas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurveillance of physiological parameters of newborns during delivery triggers medical decision‐making, can rescue life and health, and helps avoid unnecessary cesareans. Here, the development of a photonic technology for monitoring perinatal asphyxia is presented and validated in vivo in a preclinical stage. Contrary to state of the art, the technology provides continuous data in real‐time in a non‐invasive manner. Moreover, the technology does not rely on a single parameter as pH or lactate, instead monitors changes of the entirety of physiological parameters accessible by Raman spectroscopy. By a fiber‐coupled Raman probe that is in controlled contact with the skin of the subject, near‐infrared Raman spectra are measured and analyzed by machine learning algorithms to develop classification models. As a performance benchmarking, various hybrid and non‐hybrid classifiers are tested. In an asphyxia model in newborn pigs, more than 1000 Raman spectra are acquired at three different clinical phases—basal condition, hypoxia–ischemia, and post‐hypoxia–ischemia stage. In this preclinical proof‐of‐concept study, figures of merit reach 90% levels for classifying the clinical phases and demonstrate the power of the technology as an innovative medical tool for diagnosing a perinatal adverse outcome.
Investing in Black LGBTQ+ liberation as white people: A call to action for community psychology
Authors: Schlehofer Michele M. , Wagner Kathryn , Bramande Emily A. , Lambert Amy , Rivera Allyson , Olortegui Ashley , Demond Whitney 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDue to systemic racialized homophobia and transphobia, Black lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) people continue to experience worse life outcomes in comparison to both their Black cisgender and heterosexual, and White LGBTQ+ counterparts. Community psychologists have the tools and training to address these disparities. Using a critical whiteness studies lens, we draw on qualitative data with 17 White LGBTQ+ people to describe how white supremacy manifests in LGBTQ+ spaces. Our research indicates White LGBTQ+ people want to create intersectional spaces but lack the necessary skills to effectively confront anti‐Black racism. This resulted in actions which upheld and reinforced white supremacy, despite stated commitments to Black LGBTQ+ liberation. We conclude with recommendations for community psychologists, including engaging in intersectional coalition‐building, training centered around queer critical race theory, working to address racialized homophobia and transphobia alongside existing efforts to deconstruct anti‐Black racism within community psychology, and consciousness‐raising work with White people involved in LGBTQ+ equality movements to dismantle white supremacist structures within their organizations.
Zirkonkarbid ermöglicht verkokungsresistente Methan‐Trockenreformierung auf Nickel‐Zirkon‐Katalysatoren
Authors: Haug Leander , Thurner Christoph , Bekheet Maged F. , Bischoff Benjamin , Gurlo Aleksander , Kunz Martin , Sartory Bernhard , Penner Simon , Klötzer Bernhard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGraphitische Ablagerungen lösen sich in Ni0‐Nanopartikeln auf, um rezyklierte CH4‐Adsorptionsstellen und oberflächennahe/gelöste C‐Atome bereitzustellen, die zur Ni0/ZrO2‐Grenzfläche wandern und eine lokale ZrxCy‐Bildung induzieren. Die daraus resultierenden sauerstoffarmen karbidischen Phasengrenzflächen unterstützen die Kinetik der CO2‐Aktivierung zu CO(g). Dieser Grenzflächen‐Karbid‐Mechanismus ermöglicht einen verstärkten Übertritt von Kohlenstoff auf den ZrO2‐Träger und stellt einen alternativen Weg der Katalysatorregeneration im Vergleich zum umgekehrten Sauerstoffübertritt auf Ni/CeZrxOy‐Katalysatoren dar. Er ist daher eher auf Trägern mit begrenzter Sauerstoffspeicher‐ bzw. Austausch‐Kinetik, aber signifikanter karbothermischer Reduzierbarkeit, wahrscheinlich.
Exploring interfacial interactions, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/graphene oxide nanocomposites
Authors: Adaval Akanksha , Subash Cherumannil K. , Shafeeq Valiyaveetil H. , Singh Shiva , Maji Pradip K. , Aslam Mohammed , Turney Terence W. , Simon George P. , Bhattacharyya Arup R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) incorporated ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) nanocomposites were prepared by encapsulating GO by UHMWPE in an aqueous media via high‐shear mixing, which were subsequently dried and compression molded. Morphological characterizations via scanning electron microscopy revealed the intercalation of UHMWPE chains in the graphitic stacks corresponding to GO. Further, dielectric permittivity of UHMWPE/GO nanocomposite of 1 wt% GO showed a drastic increase (~61) as compared to pure UHMWPE (~2) due to an enhanced interfacial polarization. A significantly higher value of remnant polarization (~10 nC/cm2) and coercive field (~3 kV/cm) was observed in UHMWPE/GO nanocomposite of 1 wt% GO, which showed a strong hysteresis loop of polarization versus electric field plot as compared to pure UHMWPE, which displayed a very weak hysteresis loop. The piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of ~9.5 pm/V was estimated in UHMWPE/GO nanocomposite of 1 wt% GO via piezoresponse force microscopy. Nanocomposite sensor devices were also fabricated and piezoelectric output voltage of ~6 V was recorded in UHMWPE/GO nanocomposite of 1 wt% of GO. We report here for the first time the unique ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties displayed by UHMWPE/GO nanocomposites.
A comprehensive review on the antidiabetic attributes of thiazolidine‐4‐ones: Synthetic strategies and structure–activity relationships
Authors: Pradhan Tathagata , Gupta Ojasvi , Kumar Vivek , Sristi  , Chawla Gita 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe thiazolidine‐4‐one scaffold has recently emerged as a potential pharmacophore having clinical significance for medicinal chemists. This heterocyclic ring has been reported to possess a plethora of biological activities, including antidiabetic activity that has inspired researchers to integrate this core with different pharmacophoric fragments to design novel and effective antidiabetic leads. The antidiabetic activity has been observed due to the ability of the thiazolidine‐4‐one nucleus to interact with different biological targets, including peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, aldose reductase, α‐glucosidase, and α‐amylase. The present review discusses the mode of action of thiazolidine‐4‐ones through these antidiabetic drug targets. This review attempts to summarize and analyze the recent developments with regard to the antidiabetic potential of thiazolidine‐4‐ones covering different synthetic strategies, structure–activity relationships, and docking studies reported in the literature. The significance of various structural modifications at C‐2, N‐3, and C‐5 of the thiazolidine‐4‐one ring has also been discussed in this manuscript. This comprehensive compilation will provide an inevitable scope for the design and development of potential antidiabetic drug candidates having a thiazolidine‐4‐one core.
Investigating ancient agricultural field systems in Sweden from airborne LIDAR data by using convolutional neural network
Authors: Küçükdemirci Melda , Landeschi Giacomo , Ohlsson Mattias , Dell'Unto Nicolo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractToday, the advances in airborne LIDAR technology provide high‐resolution datasets that allow specialists to detect archaeological features hidden under wooded areas more efficiently. Still, the complexity and large scale of these datasets require automated analysis. In this respect, artificial intelligence (AI)‐based analysis has recently created an alternative approach for interpreting remote sensing data. In this study, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to detect clearance cairns, which are visible in today's landscape and act as important markers of past agricultural activities. For this aim, the U‐shape network architecture is adapted, trained from scratch with an original labelled dataset and tested in various field sites, focusing on southern Sweden. Although it is challenging to tune the hyperparameters and decide on the proper network architecture to obtain reliable prediction, long‐running experimental tests with this model produced promising results, with training and validation metrics of 0.8406 Dice‐coefficient, 0.7469 Val‐dice coefficient, and 0.7350 IuO and 0.6034 Val‐IoU values, once trained with the best parameters. Thus, the proposed CNN model in this study made data interpretation quicker and guided scholars to focus on the location of the target objects, opening a new frontier for future landscape analysis and archaeological research.
Structured abstract summarization of scientific articles: Summarization using full‐text section information
Authors: Oh Hanseok , Nam Seojin , Zhu Yongjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe automatic summarization of scientific articles differs from other text genres because of the structured format and longer text length. Previous approaches have focused on tackling the lengthy nature of scientific articles, aiming to improve the computational efficiency of summarizing long text using a flat, unstructured abstract. However, the structured format of scientific articles and characteristics of each section have not been fully explored, despite their importance. The lack of a sufficient investigation and discussion of various characteristics for each section and their influence on summarization results has hindered the practical use of automatic summarization for scientific articles. To provide a balanced abstract proportionally emphasizing each section of a scientific article, the community introduced the structured abstract, an abstract with distinct, labeled sections. Using this information, in this study, we aim to understand tasks ranging from data preparation to model evaluation from diverse viewpoints. Specifically, we provide a preprocessed large‐scale dataset and propose a summarization method applying the introduction, methods, results, and discussion (IMRaD) format reflecting the characteristics of each section. We also discuss the objective benchmarks and perspectives of state‐of‐the‐art algorithms and present the challenges and research directions in this area.
Solid‐State NMR Study on the Structure and Dynamics of Graphite Electrodes in Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Solvent Co‐Intercalation
Authors: Escher Ines , Freytag Annica I. , López del Amo Juan Miguel , Adelhelm Philipp 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe possibility to co‐intercalate sodium ions together with various glymes in graphite enables its use as a negative electrode material in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, the storage mechanism and local interactions appearing during this reaction still needs further clarification. 1H, 13C and 23Na ex situ solid‐state NMR (ss‐NMR) experiments are performed to obtain insights into the storage mechanism depending on the state of charge (SOC) and the electrolyte solvent used. Distinct differences could be seen depending on the SOC, indicating a possible change of the solvation shell, differences in the mobility as well as a phase transition at the voltage plateau. Furthermore, exchange experiments reveal information on the sodium ion transport process in the graphitic lattice. The inferior cycling performance of triglyme (3G) (compared to diglyme (2G) and pentaglyme (5G)) is also reflected in the ss‐NMR spectra, showing a reduced mobility and stronger interactions between sodium ions, 3G and graphite already at room temperature (RT).
Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand von Mörtel: Einfluss der Expositionsbedingungen im jungen Alter
Authors: Haynack Alexander , Timothy Jithender , Kränkel Thomas , Gehlen Christoph 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDas Porensystem im Beton, bestehend aus Gel‐ und Kapillarporen, beeinflusst dessen Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit und so direkt auch den Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand. Unterschiedliche Expositionsbedingungen im jungen Alter des Betons haben dabei einen ausgeprägten Einfluss auf die Ausbildung des Porensystems. Um die Rolle der Vorkonditionierung auf das sich ausbildende Porengefüge und so den Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand von Beton zu klären, wurden Proben bei unterschiedlichen relativen Luftfeuchten vorkonditioniert und anschließend gemäß dem CDF‐Test untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, dass der Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand von Proben mit einem Wasserzementwert von 0,40 maßgebend vom oberflächennahen Hydratationsgrad abhängt. Dieser variierte aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Luftfeuchten bei der Vorkonditionierung. Ausschlaggebendes Kriterium für den Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand der Proben mit einem Wasserzementwert von 0,55 stellt, bedingt durch das bei diesem w/z ausgeprägte Kapillarporensystem, der Grad der Wassersättigung dar. Proben mit einem besonders ausgeprägten Kapillarporensystem besaßen sehr hohe Abwitterungsbeträge. Abschließend wird ein auf einem künstlichen neuronalen Netz basierendes Prognosemodell vorgestellt. Dieses ist in der Lage, die Abwitterung von Mörteln im CDF‐Versuch anhand von Feuchtigkeitsmessungen vor einer Frost‐Tau‐Beanspruchung zu prognostizieren.
Sustainable development for private equity: Integrating environment, social, and governance factors into partnership valuation
Authors: Bian Yuxiang , Gao Han , Wang Ren , Xiong Xiong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGeneral partners (GPs) of private equity (PE) are facing increasing pressure from limited partners (LPs) to make investments that meet environmental, social, and governance (ESG) targets. We develop a tractable model to analyze an LP's valuation of participating in PE investment when the ESG factors are objectives. Integrating the ESG factors makes the LP commit to investing capital in ESG demand spending and choosing sustainable PE, which has an inverted U‐shaped effect on the LP's certainty‐equivalent wealth. At the optimal ESG demand spending, the LP tends to choose more consumption but less public equity investment due to his or her positive expectation about higher certainty‐equivalent wealth from PE investment. However, an endogenous risk‐aversion attitude and exogenous idiosyncratic risk will have an adverse effect and make the LP less eager to integrate the ESG factors for sustainable development. Thus, the optimal ESG demand decreases, and the LP requires a higher break‐even excess return. Our analysis provides new theoretical insights for both PE partners and regulators when integrating ESG factors and sustainable concepts into PE valuation and management.
Protective effect of rutin on ferroptosis‐induced oxidative stress in aging laying hens through Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling
Authors: Wu Yangyang , Zhou Shuo , Zhao An , Mi Yuling , Zhang Caiqiao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOxidative stress is a major cause of ovarian aging and follicular atresia. There is growing evidence that showed potential roles of rutin in antidiabetic, anti‐inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial and antioxidant, although it is yet unclear what the underlying mechanism is. Here, we looked into the potential effects of rutin on oxidative stress in the prehierarchical small white follicles (SWFs) from 580‐day‐old (D580) laying chickens. According to the findings, aging D580 layer ferroptosis was much higher than it was for laying hens during the peak period (280‐day‐old, D280). In both naturally aged and d‐gal‐induced chicken SWFs, rutin treatment concurrently boosted cell proliferation and prevented apoptosis. In addition, rutin inhibited the increased ferroptosis in aging hens. Meanwhile, rutin markedly suppressed the elevated ferroptosis and descending antioxidant capacity of D280‐culture‐SWFs from chicken elicited by d‐gal. Rutin's activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway hastened the SWFs' verbal battle with oxidative damage and reduced ferroptosis. Furthermore, activation of the ferroptosis signal increased the oxidative damage in SWFs. In conclusion, rutin alleviated oxidative stress that was induced by ferroptosis in aging chicken SWFs through Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway. These findings point to a novel mechanism by which rutin protects SWFs from oxidative stress by suppressing ferroptosis, which is presumably a fresh approach to slowing ovarian aging in laying hens.