bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived access to general and mental healthcare in primary care in Colombia during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gómez-Restrepo Carlos , Cepeda Magda , Torrey William C. , Suarez-Obando Fernando , Uribe-Restrepo José Miguel , Park Sena , Acosta María Paula Jassir , Camblor Pablo Martínez , Castro Sergio M. , Aguilera-Cruz Jeny , González Lilian , Chaparro Natalia , Gómez-Gamez Ana María , Bell Kathleen , Marsch Lisa A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact both in general and mental healthcare, challenged the health systems worldwide, and affected their capacity to deliver essential health services. We aimed to describe perceived changes in ease of access to general and mental healthcare among patients with a diagnosis of depression and/or unhealthy alcohol use in Colombia.MethodsThis study is embedded in the DIADA project, a multicenter implementation research study aimed at evaluating the integration of mental healthcare in primary care in Colombia. Between November 2020 and August 2021, we conducted a COVID-19 pandemic impact assessment in a cohort of participants with newly diagnosed depression and/or unhealthy alcohol use part of DIADA project. We assessed the ease of access and factors related to perceived ease of access to general or mental healthcare, during the COVID-19 pandemic.Results836 participants completed the COVID-19 pandemic impact assessment. About 30% of participants considered their mental health to be worse during the pandemic and 84.3% perceived access to general healthcare to be worse during the pandemic. Most of participants (85.8%) were unable to assess access to mental health services, but a significant proportion considered it to be worse. Experiencing worse ease of access to general healthcare was more frequent among women, patients with diagnosis of depression, and patients with comorbidities. Experiencing worse ease of access to mental healthcare was more frequent among patients aged between 30 and 49.9 years, from socioeconomic status between 4 and 6, affiliated to the contributive social security regime, attending urban study sites, and those who perceived their mental health was worse during the pandemic.DiscussionDespite the overall perception of worse mental health during the pandemic, the use of mental healthcare was low compared to general healthcare. Ease of access was perceived to be worse compared to pre-pandemic. Ease of access and access were affected by geographical study site, socioeconomic status, age and gender. Our findings highlight the need for improved communication between patients and institutions, tailored strategies to adapt the healthcare provision to patients' characteristics, and continued efforts to strengthen the role of mental healthcare provision in primary care.
Applications of artificial intelligence in the field of air pollution: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Guo Qiangqiang , Ren Mengjuan , Wu Shouyuan , Sun Yajia , Wang Jianjian , Wang Qi , Ma Yanfang , Song Xuping , Chen Yaolong 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) has become widely used in a variety of fields, including disease prediction, environmental monitoring, and pollutant prediction. In recent years, there has also been an increase in the volume of research into the application of AI to air pollution. This study aims to explore the latest trends in the application of AI in the field of air pollution.MethodsAll literature on the application of AI to air pollution was searched from the Web of Science database. CiteSpace 5.8.R1 was used to analyze countries/regions, institutions, authors, keywords and references cited, and to reveal hot spots and frontiers of AI in atmospheric pollution.ResultsBeginning in 1994, publications on AI in air pollution have increased in number, with a surge in research since 2017. The leading country and institution were China (N = 524) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (N = 58), followed by the United States (N = 455) and Tsinghua University (N = 33), respectively. In addition, the United States (0.24) and the England (0.27) showed a high degree of centrality. Most of the identified articles were published in journals related to environmental science; the most cited journal was Atmospheric Environment, which reached nearly 1,000 citations. There were few collaborations among authors, institutions and countries. The hot topics were machine learning, air pollution and deep learning. The majority of the researchers concentrated on air pollutant concentration prediction, particularly the combined use of AI and environmental science methods, low-cost air quality sensors, indoor air quality, and thermal comfort.ConclusionResearches in the field of AI and air pollution are expanding rapidly in recent years. The majority of scholars are from China and the United States, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the dominant research institution. The United States and the England contribute greatly to the development of the cooperation network. Cooperation among research institutions appears to be suboptimal, and strengthening cooperation could greatly benefit this field of research. The prediction of air pollutant concentrations, particularly PM2.5, low-cost air quality sensors, and thermal comfort are the current research hotspot.
Smoking and the widening inequality in life expectancy between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas of the United States
Authors: Hendi Arun S. , Ho Jessica Y. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundGeographic inequality in US mortality has increased rapidly over the last 25 years, particularly between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. These gaps are sizeable and rival life expectancy differences between the US and other high-income countries. This study determines the contribution of smoking, a key contributor to premature mortality in the US, to geographic inequality in mortality over the past quarter century.MethodsWe used death certificate and census data covering the entire US population aged 50+ between Jan 1, 1990 and Dec 31, 2019. We categorized counties into 40 geographic areas cross-classified by region and metropolitan category. We estimated life expectancy at age 50 and the index of dissimilarity for mortality, a measure of inequality in mortality, with and without smoking for these areas in 1990–1992 and 2017–2019. We estimated the changes in life expectancy levels and percent change in inequality in mortality due to smoking between these periods.ResultsWe find that the gap in life expectany between metros and nonmetros increased by 2.17 years for men and 2.77 years for women. Changes in smoking-related deaths are responsible for 19% and 22% of those increases, respectively. Among the 40 geographic areas, increases in life expectancy driven by changes in smoking ranged from 0.91 to 2.34 years for men while, for women, smoking-related changes ranged from a 0.61-year decline to a 0.45-year improvement. The most favorable trends in years of life lost to smoking tended to be concentrated in large central metros in the South and Midwest, while the least favorable trends occurred in nonmetros in these same regions. Smoking contributed to increases in mortality inequality for men aged 70+, with the contribution ranging from 8 to 24%, and for women aged 50–84, ranging from 14 to 44%.ConclusionsMortality attributable to smoking is declining fastest in large cities and coastal areas and more slowly in nonmetropolitan areas of the US. Increasing geographic inequalities in mortality are partly due to these geographic divergences in smoking patterns over the past several decades. Policies addressing smoking in non-metropolitan areas may reduce geographic inequality in mortality and contribute to future gains in life expectancy.
Association between hospital legal constructions and medical disputes: A multi-center analysis of 130 tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province, China
Authors: Yi Min , Cao Yanlin , Zhou Yujin , Cao Yuebin , Zheng Xueqian , Wang Jiangjun , Chen Wei , Wei Liangyu , Zhang Ke 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundMedical disputes are common in hospitals and a major challenge for the operations of medical institutions. However, few studies have looked into the association between medical disputes and hospital legal constructions. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between hospital legal constructions and medical disputes, and it also aimed to develop a nomogram to estimate the likelihood of medical disputes.MethodsBetween July and September 2021, 2,716 administrators from 130 hospitals were enrolled for analysis. The study collected seventeen variables for examination. To establish a nomogram, administrators were randomly split into a training group (n = 1,358) and a validation group (n = 1,358) with a 50:50 ratio. The nomogram was developed using data from participants in the training group, and it was validated in the validation group. The nomogram contained significant variables that were linked to medical disputes and were identified by multivariate analysis. The nomogram's predictive performance was assessed utilizing discriminative and calibrating ability. A web calculator was developed to be conducive to model utility.ResultsMedical disputes were observed in 41.53% (1,128/2,716) of participants. Five characteristics, including male gender, higher professional ranks, longer length of service, worse understanding of the hospital charters, and worse construction status of hospital rule of law, were significantly associated with more medical disputes based on the multivariate analysis. As a result, these variables were included in the nomogram development. The AUROC was 0.67 [95% confident interval (CI): 0.64–0.70] in the training group and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.66–0.71) in the validation group. The corresponding calibration slopes were 1.00 and 1.05, respectively, and intercepts were 0.00 and −0.06, respectively. Three risk groups were created among the participants: Those in the high-risk group experienced medical disputes 2.83 times more frequently than those in the low-risk group (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionMedical dispute is prevailing among hospital administrators, and it can be reduced by the effective constructions of hospital rule of law. This study proposes a novel nomogram to estimate the likelihood of medical disputes specifically among administrators in tertiary hospitals, and a web calculator can be available at https://ymgarden.shinyapps.io/Predictionofmedicaldisputes/.
Small-scale flux ropes in ICME sheaths
Authors: Ruohotie J. , Kilpua E. K. J. , Good S. W. , Ala-Lahti M. 
Published: September 2022

Sheath regions of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are formed when the upstream solar wind is deflected and compressed due to the propagation and expansion of the ICME. Small-scale flux ropes found in the solar wind can thus be swept into ICME-driven sheath regions. They may also be generated locally within the sheaths through a range of processes. This work applies wavelet analysis to obtain the normalized reduced magnetic helicity, normalized cross helicity, and normalized residual energy, and uses them to identify small-scale flux ropes and Alfvén waves in 55 ICME-driven sheath regions observed by the Wind spacecraft in the near-Earth solar wind. Their occurrence is investigated separately for three different frequency ranges between 10–2 − 10–4 Hz. We find that small scale flux ropes are more common in ICME sheaths than in the upstream wind, implying that they are at least to some extent actively generated in the sheath and not just compressed from the upstream wind. Alfvén waves occur more evenly in the upstream wind and in the sheath. This study also reveals that while the highest frequency (smallest scale) flux ropes occur relatively evenly across the sheath, the lower frequency (largest scale) flux ropes peak near the ICME leading edge. This suggests that they could have different physical origins, and that processes near the ICME leading edge are important for generating the larger scale population.
Combined Convective Energy Transmission Performance of Williamson Hybrid Nanofluid over a Cylindrical Shape with Magnetic and Radiation Impressions
Authors: Alwawi Firas A. , Al Faqih Feras M. , Swalmeh Mohammed Z. , Ibrahim Mohd Asrul Hery 
Published: September 2022

This analysis focuses on extending and developing some previous studies of energy transport through nanofluids to include the states of combined convection flow of a Williamson hybrid nanofluid that flows around a cylinder. Mathematical models that simulate the behavior of these upgraded nanofluids are constructed by expanding the Tiwari and Das model, which are then solved numerically via Keller box approaches. The accuracy of the results is emphasized by comparing them with the previous published outcomes. Nanosolid volume fraction 0≤χ≤0.1, combined convection −1≤λ≤5, radiation factor 0.1≤R≤6, Weissenberg number 0.2≤We≤ 0.9, and magnetic factor 0.1≤M≤1 are the factors that have been taken into consideration to examine the energy transfer performance of Williamson hybrid nanofluid. Numerical and graphical outcomes are obtained using MATLAB, analyzed, and discussed in depth. According to the outcomes, the Weissenberg number reduces energy transfer and friction forces. Both the combined convective coefficient and the radiation factor improved the rate of energy transfer and increased the velocity of the host fluid. The fluid velocity and rate of energy transfer can be reduced by increasing the magnetic factor. The nanoparticle combination of silver and aluminum oxide (Ag-Al2O3) has demonstrated superiority in enhancing the energy transfer rate and velocity of the host fluid.
Optimization of the Sustainable Production of Resistant Starch in Rice Bran and Evaluation of Its Physicochemical and Technological Properties
Authors: Vaitkeviciene Ruta , Bendoraitiene Joana , Degutyte Rimgaile , Svazas Mantas , Zadeike Daiva 
Published: September 2022

In this study, the optimization of ultrasound (US) (850 kHz, 120 W) processing parameters (temperature, time, and power) for the enhanced production of resistant starch (RS) in rice bran (RB) matrixes was performed. The effect of US cavitation at different temperatures on the morphology, physicochemical properties, and mechanical performance of RS was evaluated. Ultrasonication at 40–70 °C temperatures affected the chemical structure, reduced the crystallinity of RS from 23.85% to between 18.37 and 4.43%, and increased the mechanical and thermal stability of RS pastes, indicating a higher tendency to retrograde. US treatment significantly (p < 0.05) improved the oil (OAC) and water (WAC) absorption capacities, swelling power (SP), solubility (WS), and reduced the least-gelation concentration (LGC). The mathematical evaluation of the data indicated a significant effect (p < 0.05) of the US parameters on the production of RS. The largest increment of RS (13.46 g/100 g dw) was achieved with US cavitation at 1.8 W/cm2 power, 40.2 °C temperature, and 18 min of processing time. The developed method and technology bring low-temperature US processing of rice milling waste to create a new sustainable food system based on modified rice bran biopolymers.
Proinflammatory Diets and Risk of ESKD in US Adults with CKD
Authors: Banerjee Tanushree , McCulloch Charles E. , Crews Deidra C. , Burrows Nilka Rios , Pavkov Meda E. , Saran Rajiv , Morgenstern Hal , Bragg-Gresham Jennifer , Powe Neil R. 
Published: September 2022

Key Points

The association between a proinflammatory diet and kidney failure with replacement therapy is strongly mediated by systemic inflammation.Inflammation seems to be a reasonable target for potential preventive and therapeutic interventions in patients with CKD.

Background
Inflammation may affect long-term kidney function. Diet may play a role in chronic inflammation. We hypothesized that proinflammatory diets increase the risk of progression to kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT), and systemic inflammation is a mediator of the effect of diet on progression to KFRT.

Methods
In the 1988–1994 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey linked to the national ESKD registry, in adults with CKD (eGFR 15–59 ml/min per 1.73 m2), aged ≥20 years, we calculated the Adapted Dietary Inflammatory Index (ADII) at baseline from a 24-hour dietary recall and an inflammation score (IS) using average of z scores of four inflammation biomarkers. We explored the association of the ADII and IS with risk of incident KFRT using Cox proportional model, adjusting for sociodemographics, physical activity, Framingham risk score, eGFR, and urinary ACR. We evaluated whether, and to what extent, IS mediated the effect of the ADII on KFRT incidence, using causal mediation analysis.

Results
Of 1084 adults with CKD, 109 (10%) developed KFRT. The ADII was associated with increased risk of KFRT (relative hazard [RH] per SD increase (2.56): 1.4 [1.04–1.78]). IS was also associated with KFRT (RH: 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.25). Approximately 36% of the association between the ADII and KFRT was explained by IS.

Conclusions
Among adults with CKD, a proinflammatory diet was associated with risk of KFRT, and that association was partially explained by an increase in inflammatory markers. Dietary interventions that reduce inflammation may offer an approach for preventing KFRT.
Magnetic Resonance Elastography as Surrogate Marker of Interstitial Fibrosis in Kidney Transplantation: A Prospective Study
Authors: Chauveau Bertrand , Merville Pierre , Soulabaille Bruno , Taton Benjamin , Kaminski Hannah , Visentin Jonathan , Vermorel Agathe , Bouzgarrou Mounir , Couzi Lionel , Grenier Nicolas 
Published: September 2022

Key Points

Magnetic resonance elastography–derived stiffness does not directly reflect the extent of fibrosis in kidney transplantation.Mean magnetic resonance elastography–derived stiffness displays high interpatient variability, even in allografts without significant fibrosis, suggesting a strong influence of confounding factors.

Background
Fibrosis progression is a major prognosis factor in kidney transplantation. Its assessment requires an allograft biopsy, which remains an invasive procedure at risk of complications.

Methods
We assessed renal stiffness by magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a surrogate marker of fibrosis in a prospective cohort of kidney transplant recipients compared with the histologic gold standard. Interstitial fibrosis was evaluated by three methods: the semi-quantitative Banff ci score, a visual quantitative evaluation by a pathologist, and a computer-assisted quantitative evaluation. MRE-derived stiffness was assessed at the superior, median, and inferior poles of the allograft.

Results
We initially enrolled 73 patients, but only 55 had measurements of their allograft stiffness by MRE before an allograft biopsy. There was no significant correlation between MRE-derived stiffness at the biopsy site and the ci score (ρ=–0.25, P=0.06) or with the two quantitative assessments (pathologist: ρ=–0.25, P=0.07; computer assisted: ρ=–0.21, P=0.12). We observed negative correlations between the stiffness of both the biopsy site and the whole allograft, with either the glomerulosclerosis percentage (ρ=–0.32, P=0.02 and ρ=–0.31, P=0.02, respectively) and the overall nephron fibrosis percentage, defined as the mean of the percentages of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis (ρ=–0.30, P=0.02 and ρ=–0.28, P=0.04, respectively). At patient level, mean MRE-derived stiffness was similar across the three poles of the allograft (±0.25 kPa). However, a high variability of mean stiffness was found between patients, suggesting a strong influence of confounding factors. Finally, no significant correlation was found between mean MRE-derived stiffness and the slope of eGFR (P=0.08).

Conclusions
MRE-derived stiffness does not directly reflect the extent of fibrosis in kidney transplantation.
Análise da violência contra a mulher nos municípios do estado do Ceará de 2009 a 2018
Authors: Silva Alba Maria Pinto da , Abreu Leidy Dayane Paiva de , Silveira Germana Maria da , Sampaio Juliana Vieira , Moreira Francisco Jadson Franco , Marinho Mirna Neyara Alexandre de Sá Barreto , Araújo Aretha Feitosa de , Abreu Francisca Emanuela Paiva de , Souza Elisângela Alves de , Pereira Márcia Andrade dos Santos , Pereira Anderson Gomes Camelo 
Published: September 2022

Analisar a violência de gênero notificada nos municípios do Estado do Ceará de 2009 a 2018.Estudo documental e retrospectivo, realizado no Ceará. A amostra foi extraída de dados secundários dos casos notificados de violência contra a mulher, nos anos de 2009 a 2018 no DATASUS e de 2011 a 2018 no Observatório de Violência Contra a Mulher. Ressalta-se que no Brasil no ano de 2017 a média geral de homicídio foi de 4,6 por 100 mil mulheres. No Estado do Ceará (8,1) casos de assassinato de mulheres em 2017, perdendo para os Estados do Rio Grande do Norte (11) e Roraima (8,2) casos (gráfico 3). O Estado do Ceará apresentou uma das menores taxas de notificações (74,1), perdendo para Maranhão (46,9) e Sergipe (59,4). Em relação às taxas de novos processos, o Ceará (154,9) tem os números mais baixos, estando na frente da Bahia (57,5), Alagoas (75,5) e Pará (135,2). A violência contra a mulher é passível de prevenção e necessita ser enfrentada pela sociedade. Infere-se que a sua superação implica a eliminação das condições desiguais da mulher em seu cotidiano. Entretanto, para que esta condição seja alcançada, a elaboração e efetivação das políticas públicas têm um papel fundamental, de forma a incluir todos os setores da sociedade.
The Development of Entrepreneurial Thinking in STEM Education: A Teaching and Learning Module for Elementary Students
Authors: Siew Nyet Moi , Ahmad Jamilah 
Published: September 2022

The development of modules in cultivating entrepreneurial thinking (ET) in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education at the elementary school level is still limited. Thus, this research was conducted to establish the feasibility of the teaching and learning (TL) module based on the socioscientific issues approach aided by the thinking wheel map (SIA-TM). A case study was conducted among 30 fifth graders in the first phase of the module evaluation. Data was collected via respondents’ feedback in the 5-point Likert scale questionnaire and focused groups interviews. The students showed a high level of acceptance (m=4.53) towards the activities in the SIA-TM TL Module. Students opined that the SIA-TM TL module assisted them in developing new ideas and a responsible attitude towards their community. The second phase was evaluation through the quasi-experimental research design with the pre-test- post-test control group design. A total of 60 fifth graders were gathered into two intervention groups which were the SIA-TM group (n=30) and the control group (n=30). The results of the t-test prove a significantly positive effect of the SIA-TM TL Module on the five constructs of ET. Therefore, these findings establish that the SIA-TM TL module is feasible in promoting fifth graders’ ET in STEM education.