bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of spatio-temporal variations of selected water quality parameters of Lake Ziway, Ethiopia using multivariate techniques
Authors: Tibebe Dessie , Zewge Feleke , Lemma Brook , Kassa Yezbie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExcess agrochemicals input from agricultural activities and industrial effluent around Lake Ziway catchment can pose a serious threat on the lake ecosystem. Lake Ziway is a shallow freshwater lake found in the northern part of the Ethiopian Rift Valley. It is characterized as semi-arid to sub-humid type of climate. Expansions of the flower industry, widespread fisheries, intensive agricultural activities, fast population growth lead to deterioration of water quality and depletion of aquatic biota. The spatial and temporal variations of selected water quality parameters were evaluated using multivariate techniques. The data were collected from nine sampling stations during dry and wet seasonal basis for analysis of fifteen water quality parameters. The physicochemical parameters were measured in-situ with portable multimeter and nutrients were determined by following the standard procedures outlined in the American Public Health Association using UV/Visible spectrophotometer. Mean nutrient concentrations showed increasing trend in all seasons. These sites were also characterized by high electrical conductivity and total dissolved solid (TDS). All the nine sampling sites were categorized into three pollution levels according to their water quality features using cluster analysis (CA). Accordingly, sampling sites Fb and Ketar River (Kb) are highly and moderately polluted in both seasons, respectively. On the other hand, sampling sites at the center (C), Meki river mouth (Ma), Ketar river mouth (Ka), Meki River (Mb), Korekonch (Ko) and Fa in dry season and Ka, C, Ma, Ko, Bulbula river mouth (B) and Fa during wet season were less polluted. Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis also showed the pollutant sources were mainly from Fb during dry season Mb and Kb during wet season. The values of comprehensive pollution index illustrated the lake is moderately and slightly polluted in dry and wet seasons, respectively. Comparatively, the pollution status of the lake is high around floriculture effluent discharge site and at the two feeding rivers (Kb and Mb) due to increasing trends in agrochemical loads. In order to stop further deterioration of the lake water quality and to eventually restore the beneficial uses of the lake, management of agrochemicals in the lake catchments should be given urgent priority.
Summary of the proceedings of the International Forum 2021: “A more visible radiologist can never be replaced by AI”
Authors:   European Society of Radiology (ESR), Mahoney M. C. , McGinty G. , Sanchez G. M. Figueroa , Pedraza N. Rodríguez , Usta M. Arrieta , Muglia V. , da Costa M. Brandão , Ulloa B. E. González , El-Diasty T. , AlBastaki Usama , Amarnath C. , Tanomkiat W. , Chaiyakum J. , Liu S. , Park S. H. , Aoki S. , Varma D. , Lawler L. , Rockall A. , Mendonça R. A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe ESR International Forum at the ECR 2021 discussed effects of artificial intelligence on the future of radiology and the need for increased visibility of radiologists. The participating societies were invited to submit written reports detailing the current situation in their country or region. The European Society of Radiology (ESR) established the ESR International Forum in order to discuss hot topics in the profession of radiology with non-European radiological partner societies. At the ESR International Forum 2021, different strategies, initiatives and ideas were presented with regard to radiology community’s response to the changes caused by the emerging AI technology.
Migration and apparent survival of post-spawning alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Minas Basin, Bay of Fundy
Authors: Tsitrin Elizabetha , Sanderson Brian G. , McLean Montana F. , Gibson A. Jamie F. , Hardie David C. , Stokesbury Michael J. W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe anadromous alewife is a commercially fished clupeid in Atlantic Canada, whose oceanic migration is poorly understood. Migration of alewives is presently investigated from the lower reaches of Gaspereau River into Minas Basin, Bay of Fundy. Seventy-five post-spawning adults were tagged on their downstream migration; within two days of being tagged, most alewives had left Gaspereau River and 57 entered into the Southern Bight of Minas Basin. Thirty-one alewives were detected in Minas Passage and their average time from tagging to final detection was 28 days with standard deviation of 11 days. None of the alewives were detected in Minas Passage until day 20 after the start of tagging. After day 20, the residence timescale in Minas Basin was only 8.8 days with 95% CI of 8.4–9.3 days. Fast tidal currents prevail in much of the study area, and alewives travelled many large tidal excursions in Minas Basin and Minas Passage. Separation distances between pairs of alewives increased greatly after day 20, indicating tidal mixing over large distances within the study area. Offshore movement was associated with seasonal warming, with alewives moving down the spatial temperature gradient and into deeper waters. Offshore, larger tidal displacements widely dispersed tagged alewives through Minas Basin and to Minas Passage. During transit of Gaspereau River, 18 ± 2 alewives were lost with corroborating evidence of mortality for 4 of these. By day 20, the apparent mortality within Minas Basin was ≤ 10 alewives. Individual alewives were observed to make many transits through Minas Passage during their migration, where they may become exposed to in-stream tidal turbines.
Attachment style and mental health during the later stages of COVID‐19 pandemic: the mediation role of loneliness and COVID-19 anxiety
Authors: Vismara Laura , Lucarelli Loredana , Sechi Cristina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
An insecure attachment style is an important risk factor for psychological problems. The aim of this study was to use Bartholomew and Horowitz’s model (Bartholomew and Horowitz in J Pers Soc Psychol 61(2): 226, 2019) to test a sample of Italian individuals to determine the mediation role of loneliness and COVID-19-related anxiety symptoms in the relationship between attachment styles and mental health issues in the context of the pandemic.

Method
A cross-sectional research study was conducted using a sample of 330 Italian participants (82.1% women; mean age = 34.3 years; SD = 13.16) who completed online self-reported measures of attachment styles (RQ), loneliness (RULS), COVID-19-related anxiety symptoms (C-19ASS) and mental health problems (GHQ-12). Serial mediation analyses were performed, and bootstrap tests were included.

Results
Our results supported the hypothesized model with respect to each attachment style (p < 0.001). In particular, insecure attachment styles predict mental health problems both directly and indirectly, through loneliness and COVID-19-related anxiety symptoms. In addition, loneliness directly influences mental health problems and also mediates the relationship between insecure attachment styles and COVID-19-related anxiety symptoms which, in turn, positively predict mental health problems.

Conclusions
Our findings reinforce the importance of attachment in people’s processes of adapting to experiences during the coronavirus pandemic. The study makes an important contribution to developing effective prevention and intervention strategies to support people’s wellbeing in the context of the pandemic.
Individual consistency in migration strategies of a tropical seabird, the Round Island petrel
Authors: Franklin Kirsty A. , Norris Ken , Gill Jennifer A. , Ratcliffe Norman , Bonnet-Lebrun Anne-Sophie , Butler Simon J. , Cole Nik C. , Jones Carl G. , Lisovski Simeon , Ruhomaun Kevin , Tatayah Vikash , Nicoll Malcolm A. C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In migratory species, the extent of within- and between-individual variation in migratory strategies can influence potential rates and directions of responses to environmental changes. Quantifying this variation requires tracking of many individuals on repeated migratory journeys. At temperate and higher latitudes, low levels of within-individual variation in migratory behaviours are common and may reflect repeated use of predictable resources in these seasonally-structured environments. However, variation in migratory behaviours in the tropics, where seasonal predictability of food resources can be weaker, remains largely unknown.

Methods
Round Island petrels (Pterodroma sp.) are tropical, pelagic seabirds that breed all year round and perform long-distance migrations. Using multi-year geolocator tracking data from 62 individuals between 2009 and 2018, we quantify levels of within- and between-individual variation in non-breeding distributions and timings.

Results
We found striking levels of between-individual variation in at-sea movements and timings, with non-breeding migrations to different areas occurring across much of the Indian Ocean and throughout the whole year. Despite this, repeat-tracking of individual petrels revealed remarkably high levels of spatial and temporal consistency in within-individual migratory behaviour, particularly for petrels that departed at similar times in different years and for those departing in the austral summer. However, while the same areas were used by individuals in different years, they were not necessarily used at the same times during the non-breeding period.

Conclusions
Even in tropical systems with huge ranges of migratory routes and timings, our results suggest benefits of consistency in individual migratory behaviours. Identifying the factors that drive and maintain between-individual variation in migratory behaviour, and the consequences for breeding success and survival, will be key to understanding the consequences of environmental change across migratory ranges.
TMEM106B deficiency impairs cerebellar myelination and synaptic integrity with Purkinje cell loss
Authors: Feng Tuancheng , Luan Lin , Katz Isabel Iscol , Ullah Mohammed , Van Deerlin Vivianna M. , Trojanowski John Q. , Lee Edward B. , Hu Fenghua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTMEM106B, a type II lysosomal transmembrane protein, has recently been associated with brain aging, hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and several other brain disorders. TMEM106B is critical for proper lysosomal function and TMEM106B deficiency leads to myelination defects, FTLD related pathology, and motor coordination deficits in mice. However, the physiological and pathological functions of TMEM106B in the brain are still not well understood. In this study, we investigate the role of TMEM106B in the cerebellum, dysfunction of which has been associated with FTLD and other brain disorders. We found that TMEM106B is ubiquitously expressed in neurons in the cerebellum, with the highest levels in the Purkinje neurons. Aged TMEM106B-deficient mice show significant loss of Purkinje neurons specifically in the anterior lobe of the cerebellum. Increased microglia and astrocyte activation, as well as an accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, p62 and TDP-43 were also detected in the cerebellum of aged TMEM106B deficient mice. In the young mice, myelination defects and a significant loss of synapses between Purkinje and deep cerebellar nuclei neurons were observed. Interestingly, TMEM106B deficiency causes distinct lysosomal phenotypes in different types of neurons and glia in the cerebellum and frontal cortex. In humans, TMEM106B rs1990622 risk allele (T/T) is associated with increased Purkinje neuron loss. Taken together, our studies support that TMEM106B regulates lysosomal function in a cell-type-specific manner and TMEM106B is critical for maintaining synaptic integrity and neural functions in the cerebellum.
Quality indicators of palliative care for cardiovascular intensive care
Authors: Takaoka Yoshimitsu , Hamatani Yasuhiro , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Oishi Shogo , Utsunomiya Akemi , Kawai Fujimi , Komiyama Nobuyuki , Mizuno Atsushi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHealthcare providers working for cardiovascular intensive care often face challenges and they play an essential role in palliative care and end-of-life care because of the high mortality rates in the cardiac intensive care unit. Unfortunately, there are several barriers to integrating palliative care, cardiovascular care, and intensive care. The main reasons are as follows: cardiovascular disease-specific trajectories differ from cancer, there is uncertainty associated with treatments and diagnoses, aggressive treatments are necessary for symptom relief, and there is ethical dilemma regarding withholding and withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy. Quality indicators that can iterate the minimum requirements of each medical discipline could be used to overcome these barriers and effectively practice palliative care in cardiovascular intensive care. Unfortunately, there are no specific quality indicators for palliative care in cardiovascular intensive care. A few indicators and their domains are useful for understanding current palliative care in cardiovascular intensive care. Among them, several domains, such as symptom palliation, patient- and family-centered decision-making, continuity of care, and support for health care providers that are particularly important in cardiovascular intensive care.Historically, the motivation for using quality indicators is to summarize mechanisms for external accountability and verification, and formative mechanisms for quality improvement. Practically, when using quality indicators, it is necessary to check structural indicators in each healthcare service line, screen palliative care at the first visit, and integrate palliative care teams with other professionals. Finally, we would like to state that quality indicators in cardiovascular intensive care could be useful as an educational tool for practicing palliative care, understanding the minimum requirements, and as a basic structure for future discussions.
Atmospheric resuspension of insoluble radioactive cesium-bearing particles found in the difficult-to-return area in Fukushima
Authors: Tang Peng , Kita Kazuyuki , Igarashi Yasuhito , Satou Yukihiko , Hatanaka Koutarou , Adachi Kouji , Kinase Takeshi , Ninomiya Kazuhiko , Shinohara Atsushi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe deposition of insoluble radiocesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs), which were released from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (F1NPP) accident in March 2011, has resulted in the widespread contamination of eastern Japan. Obviously, these deposited insoluble CsMPs may become the secondary contamination sources by atmospheric migration or other environmental transferring process; however, the understanding of the transport mechanism remains non-elucidation, and the relevant evidence has not been directly provided. This study, for the first time, provides the direct evidence for the resuspension of these insoluble CsMPs to the atmosphere from (1) proximity of 137Cs radioactivity and resemblance of the morphology and the elemental compositions of CsMPs in the samples of soil and aerosol derived from the same sampling site, (2) the special characteristics of the resuspended CsMPs of which the ratios of Na/Si, K/Si and/or Cs/Si were smaller than those from the initially released CsMPs collected at either long distance or near F1NPP, which can be ascribed to the slowly natural corrosion of CsMPs by the loss of the small amount of soluble contents in CsMPs, and (3) high CsMPs concentration of 10 granules/g in the surface soil of our sampling site and high resuspension frequency of CsMPs in spring when predominant suspended particles were soil dust. Specifically, 15 single CsMPs were successfully isolated from the aerosol filters collected by unmanned high-volume air samplers at a severely polluted area in Fukushima Prefecture, about 25 km away from F1NPP, from January 2015 to September 2019. The mean diameter of these CsMPs was 1.8 ± 0.5 μm, and the average 137Cs radioactivity was 0.35 ± 0.23 Bq/granule. The contribution rate of the resuspended CsMPs to the atmospheric radiocesium was estimated from the ratio of 137Cs radioactivity of a single CsMP to that of the aerosol filter to be of 23.9 ± 15.3%. There has been no considerable decreasing trend in the annual CsMP resuspension frequency.
Calcium intake may explain the reduction of colorectal cancer odds by dietary selenium - a case-control study in Poland
Authors: Augustyniak Malgorzata , Galas Aleksander 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been placed among top three cancer sites in high income countries. Although there are several inconsistencies across studies it is widely accepted that diet contributes to approximately 70% of CRC. Several dietary factors have been investigated; however, the knowledge about the role of trace elements and their interplay with other dietary factors in CRC odds is limited. The aim of the study was to estimate the odds ratio of colorectal cancer associated with the content of selenium in diet, and to check whether dietary calcium is a modifier of selenium effect in the population characterized by low selenium intake.

Methods
Face-to-face interviews were used to gather data on dietary habits (by 148-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire) and covariates among 683 histologically confirmed incident colorectal cancer cases and 759 hospital-based controls in a case-control study. Data was collected in a period between 2000 and 2012. Setting: Lesser Poland, Central Europe. Logistic regression models were used to assess the role of dietary selenium intake and calcium-selenium interaction in colorectal cancer odds.

Results
After the adjustment for several covariates dietary selenium was associated with the decrease of colorectal cancer odds by 8% (OR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.84–0.99 for every 10μg Se/day increase). In individuals with lower (< 1000 mg/day) calcium content the odds of colorectal cancer was decreased by 13%(for every 10μg Se/day) and by 44% and 66% depending on the categories of selenium intake (60 to < 80 μg/day and ≥ 80 μg/day, respectively). The effect of dietary selenium was modified by dietary calcium (p for interaction < .005).

Conclusions
The study has shown a beneficial effect of dietary selenium for colorectal cancer and a modification effect of dietary calcium in a population characterized by lower levels of selenium intake. The results provide the basis for well-planned controlled trials to confirm the findings.
Can wind and solar replace coal in Texas?
Authors: Morse Richard , Salvatore Sarah , Slusarewicz Joanna H. , Cohan Daniel S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTexas has seen a rapid decline in coal use in recent years, but still burns more coal and emits more carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide than any other state. Coal’s share of power generation in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) system that covers most of the state fell to 20 percent in 2019, while wind grew to 20 percent and solar to 2 percent. Here, we investigate the potential for new wind and solar projects already proposed in the ERCOT interconnection queue as of June 2020 to replace the coal power that remained in 2019. The Wind Integration National Data Set (WIND) Toolkit is used to simulate the output of each wind project, and the System Advisor Model to simulate solar output, for 3 years of meteorological conditions. Mixed integer cost-optimization modeling finds that a portfolio of just 72 of the 108 wind projects and 42 of the 262 solar projects in the queue would be sufficient to replace most coal generation in ERCOT, leaving 10 percent of coal output uncovered and generating larger surpluses at other times. The complementary timing of solar and wind in Texas, with sunshine peaking midday and winds peaking overnight in the west and on summer evenings near the coast, enables these high levels of displacement to be achieved. In fact, the wind and solar portfolio would outproduce retired coal on summer afternoons when demand peaks, leaving small gaps in evenings and shoulder seasons when demand is lower.
Earnings quality measures and stock return volatility in South Africa
Authors: Fonou-Dombeu Nyanine Chuele , Mbonigaba Josue , Olarewaju Odunayo Magret , Nomlala Bomi Cyril 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper examined the association between various measures of earnings quality and stock return volatility of Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)-listed companies for 10 years from 2009 to 2018. The measures of earnings quality considered were accrual quality, conservatism, earnings persistence, predictability and smoothness. The stock return volatility was measured with idiosyncratic volatility. Multilevel linear regression found that accrual quality and earnings persistence are negatively related to idiosyncratic volatility. Firms with a high value of accrual quality and those with more persistent earnings exhibited a decrease in stock return volatility. Furthermore, it was found that the earnings smoothness positively influenced the idiosyncratic volatility, suggesting that firms with less smooth earnings display an increase in stock return volatility. The conservatism and earnings predictability have no significant effect on stock return volatility. The mixed results of this study supported the noise and information perspective to explain the stock return volatility of JSE-listed companies.
Proposed Assisted Dying Bill: implications for mental healthcare and psychiatrists
Authors: Bhui Kamaldeep , Malhi Gin S. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe UK is currently considering making assisted dying available to patients who are terminally ill. We discuss ethical and practical aspects of this complex issue and outline the potential role of psychiatry. We set out the challenges of implementation of legislation, and potential unintended consequences including the impact on health inequalities.