bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Steroid Use on Complications after Distal Radius Fracture Repair
Authors: Quan Theodore , Chen Frank R. , Howard Peter , Gioia Casey , Pollard Tom , Gu Alex , Tabaie Sean 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are the most common fracture of the upper extremity. Given that steroids are one of the most commonly prescribed drugs and are usually prescribed for chronic conditions, steroid use represents a key factor to consider in how to optimize perioperative outcomes.
Questions/Purposes The purpose of this study was to investigate if there are differences in perioperative outcomes for patients undergoing DRF open reduction and internal fixation based on preoperative steroid use.
Patients and Methods Adult patients who underwent operative treatment for DRF from 2007 to 2018 were identified in a national database. Patients were divided into two cohorts as follows: (1) no steroid usage and (2) preoperative steroid usage. In this analysis, various postoperative complications, as well as extended length of stay and reoperation, were assessed. Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistical regression were performed.
Results Among a total of 16,505 patients undergoing operative treatment for DRF, 16,145 patients (97.8%) did not have steroid usage and 360 (2.2%) had steroid usage. Following adjustment, an increased risk of extended length of hospital stay greater than 3 days (odds ratio [OR] = 1.646; p = 0.012) was seen in the steroid usage group compared with those who did not use steroids within 30 days of surgery.
Conclusion Preoperative steroid use is associated with increased length of stay over 3 days after DRF open reduction and internal fixation surgery but is not associated with any of the other complications that were assessed in this study.
Level of Evidence This is a Level III, retrospective study.
A seismometer that can be used to study pre-quake signals
Authors: Wright John R. 
Published: July 2022

The sensitive, broadband seismometer described in this paper is based on frequency modulation and a two-dimensional (2D) Fourier transform method to obtain time vs frequency (and seismic amplitude) recordings. The intent was to develop an instrument that could compare seismic recordings with variables (as signals) that, for rational reasons, might be active before a seismic rupture and, thus, possibly serve as quake warning indicators. Five such variables were eventually incorporated into the instrument and tested as amplitudes: electric field changes, the electromagnetic spectrum between 3 and 30 Hz (extremely low frequency as Schumann-like emissions), the electromagnetic spectrum between 0.3 and 3 Hz (possibly ionospheric Alfvén waves acting through the geomagnetic field), and short period seismic resonances at 10.1 and 15.9 Hz. All five of the sensors actually detected possible precursors of the seismic events that followed them. However, the 3–30 Hz electromagnetic signals showed up in less than 10% of the recorded earthquakes. The signals of the 0.3–3 Hz band were also not in all quake recordings. Broadband strobing was recorded before several earthquakes and was especially prominent for hours before a quake near Wyatt MO and Bardwell KY on 2017-03-19. The strobe issue appears to be worthy of further scrutiny. The lack of a good electric conduction mechanism between earthquake hypocenters and the earth–ionosphere cavity may be the reason why the Schumann-like emissions of the 3–30 Hz band were not observed for most earthquakes. A magnetometer is a preferred next step because it could increase the percentage of quakes with observable effects. In addition, a short period seismic resonator for 20 Hz is another desirable addition.
Incompatibility of published ac magnetic susceptibility of a room temperature superconductor with measured raw data
Authors: Hirsch J. E. , van der Marel D. 
Published: July 2022

A material termed “carbonaceous sulfur hydride” has recently been reported to be a high-pressure room temperature superconductor [Snider et al., Nature 586, 373 (2020)]. We have previously pointed out that certain anomalies observed in the published data for the ac magnetic susceptibility of this material would be cleared up once the measured raw data were made available [J. E. Hirsch, arXiv:2110.12854v1 (2021) and J. E. Hirsch, Physica C 590, 1353964 (2021) (temporarily removed)]. The measured raw data, as well as numerical values of the data presented in figures in the aforementioned paper by Snider et al., have recently been posted on the arXiv [R. P. Dias and A. Salamat, arXiv:2111.15017v1 (2021) and R. P. Dias and A. Salamat, arXiv:2111.15017v2 (2021)]. Here, we report the results of our analysis of these raw data and published data and our conclusion that the raw data are incompatible with the published data. Implications of these results for the claim that the material is a room temperature superconductor are discussed.
Electron affinity of tantalum and excited states of its anion
Authors: Li Sheng , Fu Xiaoxi , Chen Xiaolin , Lu Yuzhu , Ning Chuangang 
Published: July 2022

The tantalum anion has the most complicated photoelectron spectrum among all atomic anions of transition elements, which was the main obstacle to accurately measure its electron affinity via the generic method. The latest experimental value of the electron affinity of Ta was 0.323(12) eV, reported by Feigerle et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 74, 1580 (1981)]. In the present work, we report the high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of Ta− via the slow-electron velocity-map imaging method combined with a cryogenic ion trap. The electron affinity of Ta was measured to be 2652.38(17) cm−1 or 0.328 859(23) eV. Three excited states 5D1, 3P0, and 5D2 of Ta− were observed, and their energy levels were determined to be 1169.64(17) cm−1 for 5D1, 1735.9(10) cm−1 for 3P0, and 2320.1(20) cm−1 for 5D2 above the ground state 5D0, respectively.
A Cognitive Grammar approach to ‘metonymy’
Authors: Broccias Cristiano 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This chapter builds on Broccias’s (2017) critique of recent cognitive linguistic approaches to metonymy, which tend to neglect form and the substitutive relation built into the traditional x for y formula. By bringing back to the fore the tropical characterization of metonymy (Matzner 2016), which instead relies heavily on form and abrasiveness, this chapter develops a Cognitive Grammar approach to metonymy which rests on the reference point ability and conceptual integration. It shows how this approach can handle a variety of cases, from ‘straightforward’ metonymies to ‘metonymic association’. Crucially, it is argued that the multifaceted examples taken into consideration do not necessarily cohere into a ‘Platonic’ category.
Reconsidering accounts of the grammaticalization of auxiliaries
Authors: Polzenhagen Frank 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present paper re-addresses two standard examples of grammaticalization research, i.e. the development of the be-going-to form and the evolution of the English have-perfect. Analyzing these two forms in communion is motivated by the fact that they express conceptual patterns that are mirror images of each other and by the observation that they have developed, historically speaking, largely in an in-tandem constellation. The specific perspective taken in the paper explores several dimensions of the broader conceptual context of their auxiliation: (i) the “lexical preface” of grammaticalization processes, (ii) conceptual patterns associated with the notions that constitute the “meaning” of the respective forms, and (iii) the interaction with the development of other items in the respective domains. These aspects have received only scarce attention in grammaticalization research.
Draining the swamp
Authors: Berberović Sanja , Džanić Nihada Delibegović 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the use of the expression to drain the swamp, whose meaning is created in conceptual blending, and the creative figurative language produced by the elaboration, modification, and reinterpretation of the blend itself in the contemporary American political discourse. This paper aims to show that creative figurative language can be used in different ways by members of a discourse community to achieve various rhetorical goals and discourse coherence. Specifically, applying conceptual blending theory, this paper analyzes innovative conceptual blends used to keep political discussions alive and be rhetorically effective. In addition, such creative blends also provide discourse coherence at the intertextual level.
ECEI characterization of pedestal fluctuations in quiescent H-mode plasmas in DIII-D
Authors: Yu Guanying , Nazikian Raffi , Zhu Yilun , Zheng Yuan , Kramer Gerrit , Diallo Ahmed , Li Zeyu , Chen Xi , Ernst Darin , Zheng Yan , Austin Max , Luhmann Jr N C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) is employed to characterize the magneto hydraulics dynamics (MHD) fluctuations at the quiescent H-mode pedestals in DIII-D. Pedestal MHD fluctuations cause ECE radiation temperature fluctuations

δ

T

e

,rad

in both the pedestal and scrape-off-layer (SOL). A synthetic ECE platform is utilized for detailed interpretation of the ECEI signals in the SOL and pedestal regions. It is observed that the ECE radiation

δ

T

e

,rad

, which is located in the SOL region according to the cold and optically thick plasma resonance assumption, is extremely sensitive to MHD radial displacements near the separatrix, exhibiting radiation inversion to

δ

T

e

,rad

at the pedestal. Here, the radiation inversion refers to the opposite phase between the radiation fluctuation at the pedestal and the radiation fluctuation at the SOL. Consequently, the quasi-coherent MHD (QCM), which displays a radiation inversion, is found to be consistent with an MHD radial structure that has a strong displacement near the separatrix. In contrast, the edge harmonic oscillation (EHO), which displays weak or no inversion, is found to be consistent with an MHD radial displacement structure peaking at the pedestal top. The ECEI data, interpreted with synthetic ECE, are in qualitative agreement with beam emission spectroscopy measurements on DIII-D for the relative radial extent and localization of the EHO and QCM. The high sensitivity of ECE radiation to separatrix displacements can be used to detect turbulence or MHD fluctuations near the separatrix, which may affect the transport across the separatrix and the wetted area in the divertor. The

δ

T

e

,rad

inversion measured with an ECE or ECEI system potentially provides important information on the magnetic field

B

sep

at the separatrix, which helps constrain the pedestal equilibrium reconstruction and achieve an unambiguous mapping of the ECE/ECEI system with respect to the separatrix.
Evolutions of repetitively pulsed positive streamer discharge in electronegative gas mixtures at high pressure
Authors: Zhao Zheng , Huang Zongze , Zheng Xinlei , Li Chenjie , Sun Anbang , Li Jiangtao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Electronegative gas components and gas pressure significantly change residual charge dynamics, which are critical for pulse-periodic streamer discharge behaviors. Evolutions of repetitively pulsed positive streamer discharge and the streamer-to-spark transitions were investigated at high pressures and compared between typical weak (O2) and strong (SF6) electronegative gas mixtures. Pulse-sequence resolved electrical and optical diagnostics were implemented to capture discharge evolutions in long pulse trains. We observe that streamer inception and propagation under subsequent pulses in N2 and N2–O2 mixtures are similar, including the earlier inception of the primary streamer and the accelerated propagation of the secondary streamer. The repetitively pulsed breakdown is extended to the low pulse repetition frequency region with the addition of O2. Discharge evolutions are unexpectedly different in N2–SF6 mixtures. Subsequent discharge channels prefer to propagate around the periphery of the inception cloud region with large radial deviations. Another difference is the precursor channel identified besides multiple streamer channels. Effects of electronegative gas on streamer evolutions under positive repetitive pulses have been qualitatively analyzed. Collisional electron detachment and photo-ionization are crucial in N2–O2 mixtures. With the presence of strong electronegative gas (SF6), the leader formation is probably induced by the earlier corona inception and longer voltage stressing period under following pulses in a pulse train, which are caused by the strong electronegativity of SF6 and the small ion mobility.
Enhancing the excitation of a high-index nanowire by adding a flat-ended head
Authors: Zhou Song , Zhou Wenchao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A method for enhancing the excitation of a high-index nanowire with an added flat-ended head is numerically investigated. With the assistant of a flat-ended head, the intensity and the power flow of the high-index nanowire illuminated under a plane wave can be both enhanced. Our simulation shows that the enhancement factor is influenced by the length and the refractive index of the nanowire, and the size of the flat-ended head. The enhanced excitation of a silicon nanowire under a near-infrared illumination by an added flat-ended head is studied. Finally, the enhanced excitation affected by the incident angle is discussed.
Cross-field and parallel dynamics of SOL filaments in TCV
Authors: Offeddu N. , Han W. , Theiler C. , Golfinopoulos T. , Terry J.L. , Marmar E. , Wüthrich C. , Tsui C.K. , de Oliveira H. , Duval B.P. , Galassi D. , Oliveira D.S. , Mancini D. , the TCV Team  
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Using recently installed scrape-off layer diagnostics on the tokamak à configuration variable, we characterise the poloidal and parallel properties of turbulent filaments. We access both attached and detached divertor conditions across a wide range of core densities (f
G ∈ [0.09, 0.66]) in diverted L-mode plasma configurations. With a gas puff imaging (GPI) diagnostic at the outer midplane we observed filaments with a monotonic increase in radial velocity (from 390 m s−1 to 800 m s−1) and cross-field radii (from 8.5 mm to 13.4 mm) with increasing core density. Interpreting the filament behaviour in the context of the two-region model by Myra et al (2006 Phys. Plasmas
13 112502), we find that they populate the ideal-interchange regime (C
i) in discharges at very low densities, and the resistive X (RX)-point regime for all other discharges. The scaling of filament velocity versus size shows good agreement with this interpretation. These results are discussed and compared with previous probe-based measurements for similar conditions, which mostly placed filaments in TCV in the resistive ballooning (RB) regime (Tsui et al 2018 Phys. Plasmas
25 072506). In addition, for the first time in TCV, the parallel filament extension is studied by magnetically aligning the GPI measurements at the outboard midplane with a reciprocating probe in the divertor. In agreement with the filaments being in the ideal-interchange and the RX-point regimes, they are found to extend beyond the X-point into the outer divertor leg.
Study on induced aeration for fishery fields using floating SPV
Authors: Muramulla Sai Mounika , Rajeshwari Rangampeta , Rejina Parvin J , Anand chakaravarthi M C , Janardhana Kedri , Bhattacharya Sumanta 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The soluble oxygen content in the water is affected by oxygenation, which is a vital factor for commercial fishery fields. The soluble oxygen content is the prime factor for the fishes grown in those fields, and most probably, the fields are located in remote locations where electricity could not be accessible. Photovoltaics (PVs) are becoming more popular as a renewable resource. The electric power generated by solar panels can be utilized to run the aerators in order to aerate the fishery fields that are isolated and disconnected from the primary power system. A 100 Wp floater solar PV (SPV) modules for powering five numbers of DC aerators are used in the present investigation. The efficiency of floated solar panels was monitored by measuring sun irradiation, PV temperatures, output power, and current. The amount of oxygen in the water before aeration was around 3.2 mg/L, however after deploying floated solar panels and aerator, the level of soluble oxygen was raised to 4.4 mg/L.
Investigation of the effect of electron beam parameters on the characteristics of the steam-gas channel during welding of nickel and titanium alloys
Authors: Goncharov A L , Sliva A P , Chulkov I S , Chulkova A V , Kharitonov I A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The article presents the developed technique of high-speed video recording of the combined-cycle gas channel and subsequent frame processing to obtain the dimensional characteristics of the combined-cycle gas channel. On the basis of this technique, dependences of the width of the weld at different depths were obtained depending on the current and welding speed. A pattern of dimensional characteristics of the steam-gas channel depending on the running energy and the dependence of the frequency of collapse of the steam-gas channel on the electron beam current at a constant welding speed of 40 m/h by the example of nickel and titanium alloys was revealed.
Penetration shape control with correction of the state variables evaluation during electron-beam welding by the level of active disturbances
Authors: Lastovirya V N , Rodyakina R V 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Penetration shape during electron-beam welding is determined in the first approximation by the vapour plasma crater shape formed by the energy source. The inability to measure the parameters of penetration shape during electron-beam welding leads to their estimation by regression equations that establish a relationship with mode parameters. However, when welding mode parameters are stabilized, the instability of penetration shape remains due to the action of uncontrolled disturbances, which in some cases lead to unacceptable deviations. A possibility of the state variables evaluation correction during electron-beam welding, namely the depth penetration and the weld shape factor, by determining the “noise component”, is considered. Such correction is carried out by the discrepancy of any measured output variable, as the difference between its estimate according to a similar mathematical model and the measured value. As such output variable, the vapour plasma torch light intensity can be used. A control algorithm and a structural diagram of the automatic control system for weld penetration shape with correction of model assessment of the process state by the measured output have been developed.
Influence of thermal aging modes on mechanical properties of steel welded joint 03N18K9M5T
Authors: Santalova Yu V , Terentyev E V , Yu Marchenkov A , Gudenko A V , Borodavkina K T , Kozyrev Kh M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The article presents results of research of the influence of the modes of thermal aging, namely temperature of aging and hold time, on mechanical properties of a weld joint from maraging steel 03H18K9M5T. Aging curves were constructed, that is, the hardness of the metal under study versus the holding time at certain temperatures. Based on the results obtained, an optimal thermal aging regime was proposed for all areas of the welded joint, after which the welded joints were heat-treated by aging in optimal conditions. Hardness distributions were built over the section of the welded joint of martensitic-aging steel samples. Metallographic studies were carried out on the weld microspheres.
A systematic construction of integrable delay-difference and delay-differential analogues of soliton equations
Authors: Nakata Kenta , Maruno Ken-ichi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We propose a systematic method for constructing integrable delay-difference and delay-differential analogues of known soliton equations such as the Lotka–Volterra, Toda lattice (TL), and sine-Gordon equations and their multi-soliton solutions. It is carried out by applying a reduction and delay-differential limit to the discrete KP or discrete two-dimensional TL equations. Each of the delay-difference and delay-differential equations has the N-soliton solution, which depends on the delay parameter and converges to an N-soliton solution of a known soliton equation as the delay parameter approaches 0.
Dynamic Fingerprint Benchmarking Model for WiFi Indoor Localization
Authors: Aljeroudi Yazan , Sulaeman Erwin , Legowo Ari 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
WiFi indoor localization is regarded as the most promising reliable technology for indoor localization. Its concept is based on building fingerprint and training a ma-chine learning model on it, then using it for predicting the location based on the measured received signal strength RSS. One aspect of its vulnerability is its time vari-ant change due to the dynamical conditions in the environment and the access points APs. This was the most focus of the researchers in the last decades. However, minori-ty of them have considered the limitations of the existing benchmarking fingerprint in terms of lacking of support to realistic navigations runs when they are used for eval-uating indoor localization models. This article proposes a simple yet novel add-on to existing benchmarking fingerprint that assists in converting it from static fingerprint to consecutive training data with supportability to incremental learning and awareness of various characteristics of indoor navigation runs. The model was evaluated based on two benchmarking fingerprint and the generated incremental data were plotted with two levels of granularity one is corresponding to location and the other to place for referring to high resolution level and low resolution level.