bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with recent and regular non-use of dental services by students from a university in southeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional study
Authors: de Oliveira Cunha Rafaela , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Lack of use of dental services can be a risk factor for oral health. In addition to recent visits to dental services, it is important to assess the regularity of use of these services, as well as the motivations for visiting the dentist. There is a gap in literature studies on the patterns of use of oral health services by the young university students. The goal of this study was to assess the factors associated with recent and regular non-use of dental services by young university students, using the Andersen model as a reference.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study with 477 university students between 18 and 24 years old, carried out as a web survey, through which predisposing, enabling and need variables were collected, according to the model proposed by Andersen, to test the factors associated with recent and regular non-use of dental services. Bivariate analyses and robust Poisson regression were performed, with estimation of crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, using confidence intervals of 95%. The variables with p < 0.05 remained in the final model.

Results
The prevalence of recent non-use was of 19.5% (95% CI 16.0–23.3%), and of regular non-use, of 53.5% (95% CI 48.9–58.0%). After the adjusted analysis, the following were found to be associated with the outcome of recent non-use: type of service used (PR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.85–0.98) and perceived need for dental treatment (PR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.97–0.99); and the following variables were associated with regular non-use: father’s level of education (PR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.78–0.96), area of study (PR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.02–1.15), reason for last dental appointment (PR = 0.81; 95% CI 0.75–0.88), use of dental services throughout childhood (PR = 0.92; 95% CI 0.86–0.97), self-perceived oral health (PR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.76–0.88), and toothaches over the last 2 years (PR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.87–0.99).

Conclusion
The motivation for young university students to use dental services are curative treatment needs, not prevention. The results point to the need to implement health prevention and promotion policies in higher education institutions and to expand access to dental services for this young population.
Antifungal activity, mechanical properties, and accuracy of three-dimensionally printed denture base with microencapsulated phytochemicals on varying post-polymerization time
Authors: Jo Ye-Hyeon , Lee Won-Jun , Lee Ji-Hyun , Yoon Hyung-In 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundStudies on the antifungal activity, flexural strength, Vickers hardness, and intaglio surface trueness of three-dimensionally printed (3DP) denture bases with microencapsulated phytochemicals with respect to changes in post-polymerization time (PPT) are lacking.MethodsSpecimens of various shapes and dimensions were fabricated with a 3DP denture base resin mixed with 5 wt% phytoncide-filled microcapsules. Each specimen was subjected to different PPT protocols of 5, 10, 20, and 30 min. Specimens without microcapsules with 5-min PPT were used as the negative control group. Cell colonies were counted to evaluate antifungal activity. Three-point bending and Vickers hardness tests were performed to measure the flexural strengths and hardness of the specimens. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry was used to inspect the degree of conversion (DC). The intaglio surface trueness was measured using root-mean-square estimates calculated by superimposition analysis. A non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test or one-way analysis of variance was performed (α = 0.05).ResultsThe specimens with microcapsules and 10-min PPT showed the highest antifungal activity among the tested groups. Compared with the positive control group (5-min PPT), the specimens with PPTs of 10 min or longer showed significantly higher mean flexural strength, higher DC, greater hardness, and better trueness (all,P < 0.05). Except for the difference in antifungal activity, no statistically significant differences were detected between the specimens subjected to 10-, 20-, and 30-min PPT.ConclusionThe 3DP denture base filled with microencapsulated phytoncide showed different antifungal activity and physical properties on changing PPT. The 3DP denture base containing phytoncide-filled microcapsules at 5 wt% concentration and subjected to 10-min PPT exhibited sufficient antifungal activity as well as mechanical properties and accuracy within clinical acceptance.
Periodontal maintenance: individual patient responses and discontinuations
Authors: Graetz Christian , Ehrenthal Johannes C. , Kowalski Rebecca , Cyris Miriam , Geiken Antje , Dörfer Christoph E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThere is a lack of data on long-term impact of different psychological variables on periodontitis. Aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of psychological factors in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP; according to the 1999 Classification of Periodontal Diseases) to explain adherence to or discontinuation of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) in a university setting.MethodsA sample of n = 119 patients were examined in a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey. All patients had received active periodontal treatment (APT) and were reevaluated in a university setting (Kiel) before 2016 [T1: start SPT]. Patients who showed sufficient adherence to SPT of ≥ 2 years (maximum ± 6 months of deviation between SPT intervals, last visit and questionnaire at T2) were assigned to the adherence group (AG: n = 58), or, if they interrupted SPT or stopped treatment altogether, to the non-adherence group (NAG: n = 61). In addition to dental parameters, we assessed socio-demographic, treatment-related (critical attitudes/complaints), dental as well as psychological variables (especially psychological attachment, but also dental fear, patient participation style, personality functioning) and examined between-group differences as well as possible mediating factors of non-adherence to treatment continuation.ResultsFor both groups we found similar average observation time (NAG/AG: 15.9(8.9)/14.9(10.6)years). There were significant differences in age, critical attitudes, dental fear, and patient participation style between the groups. With the help of exploratory sequential mediation models, we found a significant indirect pathway of the impact of attachment anxiety on discontinuation of treatment mediated through dental fear and number of critical attitudes/complaints.ConclusionConsidering the limitations, dentists should be aware of personality-related risk-factors such as attachment anxiety as well as their interplay with levels of dental fear and critical attitudes which may influence adherence to SPT.Trial registration: The clinical trial was retrospectively registered in the DRKS—German Clinical Trials Register (https://www.drks.de) with registration DRKS00030092 (26/08/2022).
Long-term outcome of ultrasound-guided focused ultrasound ablation for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia in the cesarean scar: a case report
Authors: Qu Dacheng , Chen Yan , Jiang Jing , Shi Qiuling , Zhou Honggui , Wang Zhibiao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is one of the success stories in medical oncology. GTN in the cesarean scar is a rare entity, but most cases need to be treated with hysterectomy or localized uterine lesion resection because of chemoresistant lesions and/or massive bleeding. We present a patient with post-molar GTN in the cesarean scar who was non-invasively treated with ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to preserve the uterus and fertility.

Case presentation
A 32-year-old woman was diagnosed with low-risk GTN (FIGO Stage I: 2 prognostic score) after partial hydatidiform mole. The 5th cycle of chemotherapy was interrupted because of persistent hepatic toxicity and impaired ovarian reserve function. However, the uterine lesion persisted (diameter of residual uterine lesion in the cesarean scar: 2.0 cm). Therefore, ultrasound-guided HIFU treatment was performed. A significant gray-scale change was observed during the HIFU treatment. Color Doppler ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed to evaluate the ablation effectiveness. Color Doppler ultrasonography showed disappearance of the signal of vascularity and CEUS showed no perfusion in the lesion located in the cesarean scar. The uterine lesion was obviously shrunken one month after HIFU treatment. Menstrual cycle resumed 48 days after HIFU. HIFU treatment decreased the number of chemotherapy cycles and there was complete disappearance of the GTN lesion at 4-month follow-up. The patient has shown no signs of recurrence as of 58-month follow-up.

Conclusion
Ultrasound-guided HIFU may be a useful alternative to lesion resection for GTN in the cesarean scar in patients who show chemoresistance or are not suitable for chemotherapy. It has the potential to ablate the residual uterine lesion noninvasively to preserve the uterus and fertility, avoiding perioperative risks of lesion resection, especially acute bleeding.
Conformational alteration in glycan induces phospholipase Cβ1 activation and angiogenesis
Authors: Wang Sheng-Hung , Cheng Jing-Yan , Tsai Hsiu-Hui , Lo Tzu-Chi , Hung Jung-Tung , Lin Chun-Cheng , Lee Chien-Wei , Ho Yi-Hsuan , Kuo Huan-Hsien , Yu Alice L. , Yu John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In endothelial cells, phospholipase C (PLC) β1-activated Ca2+ is a crucial second messenger for the signaling pathways governing angiogenesis. PLCβ1 is inactivated by complexing with an intracellular protein called translin-associated factor X (TRAX). This study demonstrates specific interactions between Globo H ceramide (GHCer) and TRAX, which highlight a new angiogenic control through PLCβ1 activation.

Methods
Globo-series glycosphingolipids (GSLs), including GHCer and stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 ceramide (SSEA3Cer), were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Biacore for their binding with TRAX. Angiogenic activities of GSLs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to study conformations of GSLs and their molecular interactions with TRAX. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis of HUVECs by confocal microscopy was used to validate the release of PLCβ1 from TRAX. Furthermore, the in vivo angiogenic activity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing GHCer was confirmed using subcutaneous Matrigel plug assay in mice.

Results
The results of ELISA and Biacore analysis showed a stable complex between recombinant TRAX and synthetic GHCer with Kd of 40.9 nM. In contrast, SSEA3Cer lacking a fucose residue of GHCer at the terminal showed ~ 1000-fold decrease in the binding affinity. These results were consistent with their angiogenic activities in HUVECs. The MD simulation indicated that TRAX interacted with the glycan moiety of GHCer at amino acid Q223, Q219, L142, S141, and E216. At equilibrium the stable complex maintained 4.6 ± 1.3 H-bonds. TRAX containing double mutations with Q223A and Q219A lost its ability to interact with GHCer in both MD simulation and Biacore assays. Removal of the terminal fucose from GHCer to become SSEA3Cer resulted in decreased H-bonding to 1.2 ± 1.0 by the MD simulation. Such specific H-bonding was due to the conformational alteration in the whole glycan which was affected by the presence or absence of the fucose moiety. In addition, ELISA, Biacore, and in-cell FRET assays confirmed the competition between GHCer and PLCβ1 for binding to TRAX. Furthermore, the Matrigel plug assay showed robust vessel formation in the plug containing tumor-secreted EVs or synthetic GHCer, but not in the plug with SSEA3Cer. The FRET analysis also indicated the disruption of colocalization of TRAX and PLCβ1 in cells by GHCer derived from EVs.

Conclusions
Overall, the fucose residue in GHCer dictated the glycan conformation for its complexing with TRAX to release TRAX-sequestered PLCβ1, leading to Ca2+ mobilization in endothelial cells and enhancing angiogenesis in tumor microenvironments.
Neutralizing monoclonal antibody in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: an observational study
Authors: Liao Xuejiao , Li Dapeng , Liu Jie , Liu Zhi , Ma Zhenghua , Dong Jingke , Yang Xiangyi , Shu Dan , Yuan Jing , Liu Lei , Zhang Zheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical data on patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) delta variant are limited, especially on clinical status after the application of antibody therapy.

Methods
We evaluated clinical status in patients with the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant after BRII-196 and BRII-198 treatment in an infectious disease hospital in China. We collected data on clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, radiological characteristics, viral load, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, treatment, and outcome.

Results
In mid-June 2021, 36 patients with delta variant infection were identified in Shenzhen. The most common symptoms at illness onset were cough (30.6%), fever (22.2%), myalgia (16.7%), and fatigue (16.7%). A small number of patients in this study had underlying diseases, including diabetes (5.6%) and hypertension (8.3%). The application of BRII-196 and BRII-198 can rapidly increase anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. The median peak IgG levels in the antibody treatment group were 32 times higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The time from admission to peak IgG levels in the antibody treatment group (mean: 10.2 days) was significantly shorter than that in the control group (mean: 17.7 days). Chest CT score dropped rapidly after antibody therapy, with a mean duration of 5.74 days from admission to peak levels.

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that the application of BRII-196 and BRII-198 antibody therapy improved clinical status in patients with SARS-CoV-2 delta variant infection.
An unusual occurrence of penetrating aortic arch injury by a ball-point pen: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ariaka Herbert , Magala John Paul , Kebba Naomi , Kabuye Ronald , Namirembe Stella Magara , Mwambu Tom Philip , Ahabwe Kenneth , Nalule Miriam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Aortic arch injuries account for about 8% of thoracic aortic injuries. Penetrating zone I neck injuries account for 18% of vascular injuries in the neck and have great potential to traverse to involve thoracic vascular structures as well. The hard and soft signs of vascular injury facilitate triage of patients on an individual basis. We present a case of a ball-point pen traversing through zone I of the neck and causing penetrating aortic arch injury with minimal mediastinal haemorrhage.

Case presentation
We present a polytrauma patient who was admitted with traumatic brain injury and a ball-point pen lodged above the sternal notch in zone I of the neck following a road traffic accident. He underwent mediastinal exploration via a median sternotomy. The ball-point pen was found penetrating the anterior wall of the aortic arch and resting in its lumen. The ball-point pen was successfully explanted and primary repair of the penetrating aortic arch injury was done. He had an uneventful recovery without any added secondary neurological complications.

Conclusion
Penetrating aortic arch injuries are rare compared to injuries of the ascending aorta and descending aorta. They require a high index of suspicion, rapid investigation and urgent intervention in view of their high associated fatality. The ball-point pen in this case assumed the shape of a plug which acted as a seal at the site of injury preventing catastrophic exsanguination.
Leishmania infantum infection does not affect the main composition of the intestinal microbiome of the Syrian hamster
Authors: Olías-Molero Ana Isabel , Botías Pedro , Cuquerella Montserrat , García-Cantalejo Jesús , Barcia Emilia , Torrado Susana , Torrado Juan José , Alunda José María 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form of all leishmanial infections and is caused by infection with protozoa of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum. This parasitic disease occurs in over 80 countries and its geographic distribution is on the rise. Although the interaction between the intestinal microbiome and the immune response has been established in several pathologies, it has not been widely studied in leishmaniasis. The Syrian hamster is the most advanced laboratory model for developing vaccines and new drugs against VL. In the study reported here, we explored the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and infection with L. infantum in this surrogate host.

Methods
Male Syrian hamsters (120–140 g) were inoculated with 108 promastigotes of a canine-derived L. infantum strain or left as uninfected control animals. Infection was maintained for 19 weeks (endpoint) and monitored by an immunoglobulin G (IgG) enyzme-linked immunosorbent assay throughout the experiment. Individual faecal samples, obtained at weeks 16, 18 and 19 post-inoculation, were analysed to determine the 16S metagenomic composition (the operational taxonomic units [OTUs] of the intestinal microbiome and the comparison between groups were FDR (false discovery rate)-adjusted).

Results
Leishmania infantum infection elicited moderate clinical signs and lesions and a steady increase in specific anti-Leishmania serum IgG. The predominant phyla (Firmicutes + Bacteriodetes: > 90%), families (Muribaculaceae + Lachnospiraceae + Ruminococcaceae: 70–80%) and genera found in the uninfected hamsters showed no significant variations throughout the experiment. Leishmania infantum infection provoked a slightly higher—albeit non-significant—value for the Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio but no notable differences were found in the relative abundance or diversity of phyla and families. The microbiome of the infected hamsters was enriched in CAG-352, whereas Lachnospiraceae UCG-004, the [Eubacterium] ventriosum group and Allobaculum were less abundant.

Conclusions
The lack of extensive significant differences between hamsters infected and uninfected with L. infantum in the higher taxa (phyla, families) and the scarce variation found, which was restricted to genera with a low relative abundance, suggest that there is no clear VL infection-intestinal microbiome axis in hamsters. Further studies are needed (chronic infections, co-abundance analyses, intestinal sampling, functional analysis) to confirm these findings and to determine more precisely the possible relationship between microbiome composition and VL infection.

Graphical Abstract
Comparative analysis of the DNA methylation landscape in CD4, CD8, and B memory lineages
Authors: Zhang Ze , Butler Rondi , Koestler Devin C. , Bell-Glenn Shelby , Warrier Gayathri , Molinaro Annette M. , Christensen Brock C. , Wiencke John K. , Kelsey Karl T. , Salas Lucas A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
There is considerable evidence that epigenetic mechanisms and DNA methylation are critical drivers of immune cell lineage differentiation and activation. However, there has been limited coordinated investigation of common epigenetic pathways among cell lineages. Further, it remains unclear if long-lived memory cell subtypes differentiate distinctly by cell lineages.

Results
We used the Illumina EPIC array to investigate the consistency of DNA methylation in B cell, CD4 T, and CD8 T naïve and memory cells states. In the process of naïve to memory activation across the three lineages, we identify considerable shared epigenetic regulation at the DNA level for immune memory generation. Further, in central to effector memory differentiation, our analyses revealed specific CpG dinucleotides and genes in CD4 T and CD8 T cells with DNA methylation changes. Finally, we identified unique DNA methylation patterns in terminally differentiated effector memory (TEMRA) CD8 T cells compared to other CD8 T memory cell subtypes.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that epigenetic alterations are widespread and essential in generating human lymphocyte memory. Unique profiles are involved in methylation changes that accompany memory genesis in the three subtypes of lymphocytes.
On generalizations of some integral inequalities for preinvex functions via $(p,q)$-calculus
Authors: Luangboon Waewta , Nonlaopon Kamsing , Tariboon Jessada , Ntouyas Sotiris K. , Budak Hüseyin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we establish some new $(p,q)$
(
p
,
q
)
-integral inequalities of Simpson’s second type for preinvex functions. Many results given in this paper provide generalizations and extensions of the results given in previous research. Moreover, some examples are given to illustrate the investigated results.
A new feature popularity framework for detecting cyberattacks using popular features
Authors: Zuech Richard , Hancock John , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose a novel feature popularity framework, and introduce this new framework to the cybersecurity domain. Feature popularity has not yet been used in machine learning or data mining, and we implement it with three web attacks from the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset: Brute Force, SQL Injection, and XSS web attacks. Feature popularity is based upon ensemble Feature Selection Techniques (FSTs) and allows us to more easily understand common and important features between different cyberattacks. Three filter-based and four supervised learning-based FSTs are used to generate feature subsets for each of our three different web attack datasets, and then our feature popularity frameworks are applied. Classification performance for feature popularity is mostly similar as compared to when “all features” are evaluated (with feature popularity subsets having better performance in 5 out of 15 experiments). Our feature popularity technique effectively builds an ensemble of ensembles by first building an ensemble of FSTs for each dataset, and then building another ensemble across a dataset agreement dimension. The Jaccard similarity is also employed with our feature popularity framework in order to better identify which attack classes should (or should not) be grouped together when applying feature popularity. The four most popular features across all three web attacks from this experiment are: Flow_Bytes_s, Flow_IAT_Max, Fwd_IAT_Std, and Fwd_IAT_Total. When only using these four features as input to our models, classification performance is not seriously degraded. This feature popularity framework granted us new and previously unseen insights into the web attack detection process with CSE-CIC-IDS2018 big data, even though we had intensely studied it previously. We realized these four particular features cannot properly identify our three web attacks, as they operate mainly from the time dimension and NetFlow features from layers 3 and 4 of the OSI model. Conversely, our three web attacks operate in the application layer (7) of the OSI model and should not leave signatures in these four features. Feature popularity produces easier to explain models which provide domain experts better visibility into the problem, and can also reduce the complexity of implementing models in real-world systems.