bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statuserfassung des Radiojodtests im klinischen Alltag in Deutschland 2021
Authors: Akbarzadeh Taghavi Paniz , Fabiunke Tobias , Brenner Winfried 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die zu applizierende Aktivität für die Radiojodtherapie benigner Schilddrüsenerkrankungen wird gemäß Richtlinie Strahlenschutz in der Medizin bei jedem/jeder Patient*in mittels Radiojodtests (RJT) ermittelt. Ziel ist die Erfassung der unterschiedlichen Parameter des RJT.
Methodik Es wurde ein webbasierter Fragebogen über die DGN an alle nuklearmedizinischen Stationen in Deutschland versandt. Abgefragt wurden Parameter zu Tracer und Aktivität, Art der Sondenmessung, Anzahl und Zeitpunkt der Messungen, Verwendung fixer effektiver Halbwertszeiten (eHWZ), Berechnungsmodell und Herddosen. Außerdem wurde um eine Einschätzung einer kontinuierlichen Messung des Schilddrüsen-Jod-Uptakes über 7 Tage (tragbares Jod-Messsystem) gebeten.
Ergebnisse 38 von 94 Einrichtungen beantworteten den Fragebogen. Es fanden sich große Unterschiede in der Durchführung bei den Parametern Anzahl und Zeitpunkt der Messungen, Abstand Sonde-Patient, Verwendung fixer krankheitsspezifischer eHWZ und Herddosis. Auffällig ist, dass trotz neuer Handlungsempfehlung der DGN und DIN 6861–1 noch 74% der Einrichtungen die Marinelli-Formel aus der Empfehlung von 1998 nutzen. Nur 8% haben auf das Zwei-Kompartment-Modell umgestellt. 84% der Befragten erwarten, dass eine kontinuierliche Messung zu einer Verbesserung der Berechnung der zu applizierenden Aktivität führen wird, jedoch nur 57% erwarten dadurch eine Verbesserung des Therapieergebnisses.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Methodik des RJT in Deutschland ist heterogen und beruht bei den meisten Einrichtungen trotz neuer Handlungsempfehlungen noch auf dem Marinelli-Verfahren. Eine kontinuierliche Messung der Jodkinetik mithilfe eines tragbaren Messsystems könnte neben den neueren Berechnungsalgorithmen zu einer weiteren Verbesserung des Radiojodtestes führen
Adjuvante Instillationstherapie des nicht muskelinvasiven Harnblasenkarzinoms – neue Optionen abseits von BCG und Mitomycin
Authors: Gakis Georgios 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungAufgrund der eingeschränkten Wirksamkeit der passiven Applikationsweise von BCG und
Mitomycin-C (MMC) und in den letzten Jahren bestehenden BCG-Lieferengpässen ist eine
Verbesserung der onkologischen Ergebnisse der adjuvanten Instillationstherapie beim
nicht muskelinvasiven Harnblasenkarzinom (NMIBC) durch Entwicklung neuartiger
Instillationsubstanzen und Applikationsweisen erforderlich.Gemcitabin ist als generisch verfügbare Substanz in zahlreichen randomisierten Studien in
den verschiedenen Risikokonstellationen untersucht worden und zeigt insbesondere im
BCG-unresponsiven Stadium ein verbessertes rezidivfreies Überleben im Vergleich zur
BCG-Rechallenge und MMC. Eine neuartige Instillationsform stellt das
Gemcitabin-intravesical-releasing system (GemRIS) dar, welches in der Kombination mit dem
systemisch wirksamen Checkpointinhibitor Cetrelimab in derzeit anlaufenden klinischen Studien
getestet wird. Hyperthermes intravesikales MMC (HIVEC), welches extrakorporal erwärmt und in
die Blase zirkuliert, führt zu einer Konzentrationssteigerung von MMC in der Blasenwand und
wird im Rahmen klinischer Studie bereits getestet. Nadofaragene firadenovec (rAd-IFN-α/Syn3)
ist ein rekombinantes Adenovirus zur Steigerung der Interferon-alpha-Konzentration im Urothel
und bietet erstmalig die Möglichkeit eine intravesikale Gentherapie für die urologischen
Praxis zu etablieren. Daten aus einer aktuellen Phase-III Studie legen im BCG-unresponsiven
Stadium eine höhere Wirksamkeit bei günstigerem Nebenwirkungsprofil im Vergleich zu Studien
mit einer PD-(L)1-Monotherapie nahe. Opportuzumab monatox ist ein rekombinantes
Fusionsprotein, welche nach EpCAM-Binding zu einer Freisetzung von Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Exotoxin führt, welches hiernach einen zytotoxischen Zellschaden einleitet. N-803 ist ein
Interleukin (IL)-15 Superagonist, welcher im Kombination mit BCG in einer Phase Ib Studie ein
dauerhaftes komplettes Ansprechen über 72 Monate bei 9 intermediate/high-risk Patienten
zeigte und bereits 2019 eine Vorabzulassung durch die FDA erhalten hat.
Exceeding the Limits of Static Cold Storage in Limb Transplantation Using Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion
Authors: Goutard Marion , de Vries Reinier J. , Tawa Pierre , Pendexter Casie A. , Rosales Ivy A. , Tessier Shannon N. , Burlage Laura C. , Lantieri Laurent , Randolph Mark A. , Lellouch Alexandre G. , Cetrulo Jr Curtis L. , Uygun Korkut 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background For 50 years, static cold storage (SCS) has been the gold standard for solid organ preservation in transplantation. Although logistically convenient, this preservation method presents important constraints in terms of duration and cold ischemia-induced lesions. We aimed to develop a machine perfusion (MP) protocol for recovery of vascularized composite allografts (VCA) after static cold preservation and determine its effects in a rat limb transplantation model.
Methods Partial hindlimbs were procured from Lewis rats and subjected to SCS in Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate solution for 0, 12, 18, 24, and 48 hours. They were then either transplanted (Txp), subjected to subnormothermic machine perfusion (SNMP) for 3 hours with a modified Steen solution, or to SNMP + Txp. Perfusion parameters were assessed for blood gas and electrolytes measurement, and flow rate and arterial pressures were monitored continuously. Histology was assessed at the end of perfusion. For select SCS durations, graft survival and clinical outcomes after transplantation were compared between groups at 21 days.
Results Transplantation of limbs preserved for 0, 12, 18, and 24-hour SCS resulted in similar survival rates at postoperative day 21. Grafts cold-stored for 48 hours presented delayed graft failure (p = 0.0032). SNMP of limbs after 12-hour SCS recovered the vascular resistance, potassium, and lactate levels to values similar to limbs that were not subjected to SCS. However, 18-hour SCS grafts developed significant edema during SNMP recovery. Transplantation of grafts that had undergone a mixed preservation method (12-hour SCS + SNMP + Txp) resulted in better clinical outcomes based on skin clinical scores at day 21 post-transplantation when compared to the SCS + Txp group (p = 0.01613).
Conclusion To date, VCA MP is still limited to animal models and no protocols are yet developed for graft recovery. Our study suggests that ex vivo SNMP could help increase the preservation duration and limit cold ischemia-induced injury in VCA transplantation.
Gender Affirmation in India—The Current State of Knowledge, Management, Legal and Legislative Situation
Authors: Gupta Richie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA mismatch between the birth sex of a person and psychological recognition of self (gender) leads to a gender expression, which is at variance with the societal norms, and thus gives rise to gender incongruence (GI). In the past few years, there has been a significant change in demographics, understanding of etiology, management, laws and legislations in the field of GI. The authors, who have been performing gender affirmative surgeries (GAS) since the past 27 years, present their experience in gender affirmation together with the current state of knowledge. Recent studies report a significant rise in prevalence of GI, which is similar to the experience of author and other large volume Gender identity clinics in India and worldwide. This article endeavors to provide the medical professional with the current state of knowledge in the field of GI, so that they are better equipped to optimally manage these patients.
Serum Irisin Levels and Its Relationship with Spasticity Severity in Chronic Stroke Patients
Authors: Kaydok Ercan , Sari Ismail , Erşan Serpil , Küçük Esin Benli 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective Irisin is a myokine released from muscles by exercise and it has been shown to be a prognostic indicator in acute stroke patients. However, irisin's relationship with the chronic phase of stroke and spasticity has not been studied yet. We aimed to determine the serum level of irisin to examine its relationship with the functional status and severity of spasticity in patients with chronic stroke, and to compare these with healthy controls.
Materials and Methods A total of 70 (35 chronic stroke and 35 control patients) patients were included in the study. The blood serum irisin levels of the patients and the controls were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, their functional status was evaluated with the modified Rankin scale (mRS), and spasticity severity using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS).
Results The mean serum irisin levels of the stroke and the control groups were 6.20 ± 2.2 and 5.45 ± 2.3, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between the serum level of irisin and the severity of spasticity and functional status, assessed by the mRS in stroke patients.
Conclusion These results showed that irisin levels in chronic stroke patients were similar to controls, and there was no relationship between the severity of spasticity and functional status and irisin level.
In Vitro Production of Virulence Factors and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Aspergillus Isolates from Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Bavadharani Sukumar , Premamalini Thayanidhi , Karthika Kanagasabapathi , Kindo Anupma Jyoti 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives This study was aimed to investigate the association between virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility pattern among Aspergillus species.
Materials and Methods This study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, from May 2018 to June 2019. A total of 52 Aspergillus isolates obtained from various clinical samples were speciated based on microscopic identification by lacto phenol cotton blue (LPCB) mount and slide culture technique. The production virulence factors such as biofilm, lipase, phospholipase, amylase, and hemolysin were detected using standard phenotypic methods with Aspergillus niger ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 6275 as the control strain. Antifungal susceptibility patterns of all Aspergillus isolates to amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole were evaluated in line with the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 guidelines.
Results The percentage of resistance was the highest in itraconazole (48.08%), followed by amphotericin B (28.85%) and voriconazole (9.62%). All amphotericin B-resistant isolates produced biofilm, itraconazole-resistant isolates exhibited phospholipase activity, and voriconazole-resistant isolates produced biofilm and demonstrated phospholipase and hemolytic activities. Regardless of the virulence factors produced, all isolates were susceptible to posaconazole.
Conclusion Understanding the relationship between virulence factors and antifungal resistance aids in the development of new therapeutic approaches involving virulence mechanisms as potential targets for effective antifungal drug development.
Rolandic Cortex Morphology: Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Three-Dimensional Cerebral Reconstruction Study and Intraoperative Usefulness
Authors: Bunyaratavej Krishnapundha , Wangsawatwong Piyanat 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background During brain surgery, the neurosurgeon must be able to identify and avoid injury to the Rolandic cortex. However, when only a small part of the cortex is exposed, it may be difficult to identify the Rolandic cortex with certainty. Despite various advanced methods to identify it, visual recognition remains an important backup for neurosurgeons. The aim of the study was to find any specific morphology pattern that may help to identify the Rolandic cortex intraoperatively.
Materials and Methods Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain from patients with various conditions was used to create the three-dimensional cerebral reconstruction images. A total of 216 patients with 371 intact hemispheres were included. Each image was inspected to note the morphology of the Rolandic cortex and the suprasylvian cortex. Additionally, other two evaluators exclusively inspected the morphology of the suprasylvian cortex. Their observation results were compared to find the agreements.
Results Several distinctive morphology patterns have been identified at the Rolandic cortex and the suprasylvian cortex including a genu, or a knob at the upper precentral gyrus, an angulation of the lower postcentral gyrus, a strip for pars opercularis, a rectangle for the lower precentral gyrus, and a triangle for the lower postcentral gyrus. Combined total and partial agreement of the suprasylvian cortex morphology pattern ranged from 60.4 to 85.2%.
Conclusion The authors have demonstrated the distinctive morphology of the Rolandic cortex and the suprasylvian cortex. This information can provide visual guidance to identify the Rolandic cortex particularly during surgery with limited exposure.
A taxa de remoção do sistema Tomofix® após a osteotomia tibial alta é superior à relatada
Authors: Yildirim Kerem , Beyzadeoglu Tahsin 
Published: June 2022

Resumo
Objetivo A osteotomia tibial alta com cunha de abertura medial (MOWHTO, do inglês medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy) alivia de forma significativa a dor na linha articular medial em casos de osteoartrite do compartimento medial do joelho. Alguns pacientes, porém, se queixam de dor nos tendões dos músculos sartório, grácil e semitendinoso (pata de ganso) mesmo 1 ano após a osteotomia, o que pode exigir a remoção do implante. Este estudo define a taxa de remoção do implante após a MOWHTO devido à dor nos tendões dos músculos sartório, grácil e semitendinoso.
Métodos Cento e três joelhos de 72 pacientes submetidos à MOWHTO para tratamento da osteoartrite do compartimento medial entre 2010 e 2018 foram incluídos no estudo. A pontuação de desfecho de lesão no joelho e osteoartrite (KOOS, do inglês Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score), a pontuação de joelho de Oxford (OKS, do inglês Oxford Knee Score) e a escala visual analógica (EVA) de dor na linha articular medial do joelho (EVA-MJ) foram avaliados antes da cirurgia. A EVA nos tendões dos músculos sartório, grácil e semitendinoso (EVA-PA) foi adicionada a essas avaliações, também realizadas 12 meses após o procedimento e, a seguir, anualmente. A remoção do implante foi recomendada em pacientes com EVA-PA ≥ 40 e consolidação óssea adequada em 12 meses.
Resultados Trinta e três (45,8%) pacientes eram homens e 39 (54,2%), mulheres. A média de idade foi de 49,4 ± 8,0, e o índice de massa corpórea (IMC) médio foi de 27,0 ± 2,9. O sistema placa-parafuso tibial medial Tomofix (DePuy Synthes, Raynham, MA, EUA) foi utilizado em todos os casos. Três (2,8%) casos foram excluídos devido ao retardo de consolidação e à necessidade de revisão. Os resultados nas escalas KOOS, OKS e EVA-MJ melhoraram significativamente 12 meses após a MOWHTO. A EVA-PA média foi de 38,3 ± 23,9. A remoção do implante para alívio da dor foi necessária em 65 (63,1%) dos 103 joelhos. Três meses após a remoção do implante, a EVA-PA média diminuiu para 4,5 ± 5,6 (p < 0,0001).
Conclusão A remoção do implante pode ser necessária em mais de 60% dos pacientes para alívio da dor nos tendões dos músculos sartório, grácil e semitendinoso após a MOWHTO. Os candidatos à MOWHTO devem ser informados sobre esta complicação e sua resolução.
The Endoscopic-Assisted Supraorbital Approach for Resection of Anterior Skull Base Meningiomas: A Large Single-Center Retrospective Surgical Study
Authors: Serrano Sponton Lucas , Oehlschlaegel Florian , Nimer Amr , Schwandt Eike , Glaser Martin , Archavlis Eleftherios , Conrad Jens , Kantelhardt Sven , Ayyad Ali 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective The endoscopic-assisted supraorbital approach (eSOA) constitutes a minimally invasive strategy for removing anterior skull base meningiomas (ASBM). We present the largest retrospective single-institution and long-term follow-up study of eSOA for ASBM resection, providing further insight regarding indication, surgical considerations, complications, and outcome.
Methods We evaluated data of 176 patients operated on ASBM via the eSOA over 22 years.
Results Sixty-five tuberculum sellae (TS), 36 anterior clinoid (AC), 28 olfactory groove (OG), 27 planum sphenoidale, 11 lesser sphenoid wing, seven optic sheath, and two lateral orbitary roof meningiomas were assessed. Median surgery duration was 3.35 ± 1.42 hours, being significantly longer for OG and AC meningiomas (p <0.05). Complete resection was achieved in 91%. Complications included hyposmia (7.4%), supraorbital hypoesthesia (5.1%), cerebrospinal fluid fistula (5%), orbicularis oculi paresis (2.8%), visual disturbances (2.2%), meningitis (1.7%) and hematoma and wound infection (1.1%). One patient died due to intraoperative carotid injury, other due to pulmonary embolism. Median follow-up was 4.8 years with a tumor recurrence rate of 10.8%. Second surgery was chosen in 12 cases (10 via the previous SOA and two via pterional approach), whereas two patients received radiotherapy and in five patients a wait-and-see strategy was adopted.
Conclusion The eSOA represents an effective option for ASBM resection, enabling high complete resection rates and long-term disease control. Neuroendoscopy is fundamental for improving tumor resection while reducing brain and optic nerve retraction. Potential limitations and prolonged surgical duration may arise from the small craniotomy and reduced maneuverability, especially for large or strongly adherent lesions.
Is it Necessary to Evaluate Fear of Childbirth in Pregnant Women? A Scoping Review
Authors: Imakawa Cibele Santini Oliveira , Nadai Mariane Nunes , Reis Monica , Quintana Silvana Maria , Moises Elaine Christine Dantas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective To review concepts, definitions, and findings about fear of childbirth (FOC).
Methods A bibliographic review was carried out through the main scientific databases in 2020.
Results All 32 articles considered potentially relevant were analyzed. A recent study suggests that the global prevalence of FOC can reach up to 14%. Factors such as parity, gestational age, previous birth experience, age and nationality of the woman seem to influence FOC.
Conclusion Fear of childbirth could be related to an increased risk of adverse obstetric outcomes such as maternal request for cesarean delivery, preterm birth, prolonged labor, postpartum depression, and post-traumatic stress. These evidence highlight the importance of the discussion regarding this topic.
Linien: A versatile, user-friendly, open-source FPGA-based tool for frequency stabilization and spectroscopy parameter optimization
Authors: Wiegand B. , Leykauf B. , Jördens R. , Krutzik M. 
Published: June 2022

We present a user-friendly and versatile tool for laser frequency stabilization. Its main focus is spectroscopy locking, but the software is suitable for lock-in techniques in general as well as bare proportional–integral–derivative (PID) operation. Besides allowing for sinusoidal modulation (up to 50 MHz), triangular ramp scanning, in-phase and quadrature demodulation (1–5 f), infinite impulse response, and PID filtering, Linien features two different algorithms for automatic lock point selection; one of them performs time-critical tasks completely on field-programmable gate arrays. Linien is capable of autonomously optimizing spectroscopy parameters by means of machine learning and can measure the error signal’s power spectral density. The software is built in a modular way, providing both a graphical user interface as well as a Python scripting interface. It is based on the RedPitaya STEMLab platform but may be ported to different systems.
Spectroscopic identification and characterization of the aluminum methylene (AlCH2) free radical
Authors: Sunahori Fumie X. , Smith Tony C. , Clouthier Dennis J. 
Published: June 2022

The AlCH2 free radical has been spectroscopically identified for the first time. This highly reactive species was produced in an electric discharge jet using trimethylaluminum vapor in high pressure argon as the precursor. The laser-induced fluorescence spectrum of the B̃2A2−X̃2B1 band system in the 513–483 nm region was recorded, and the 0–0 bands of AlCH2 and AlCD2 were studied at high resolution. The fine structure splittings were found to be due primarily to the Fermi contact interaction in the excited state rather than the usual spin–rotation coupling. Rotational analysis gave the molecular constants of the combining states, and the geometries were obtained as r″A1−C=1.9591A◦,r″C−H=1.1061A◦,θHCH″=110.41◦ and r′A1−C=1.9431A◦,r′C−H=1.0911A◦,θHCH′=115.41◦. The bond lengths correspond to an aluminum–carbon single bond in both states.
L2 speaking and its internal correlates
Authors: Koizumi Rie , In'nami Yo , Jeon Eun Hee 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The current meta-analysis examines relationships between second-language (L2) speaking (assessed using global ratings) and its internal features, such as fluency and accuracy (assessed using analytic ratings or measures) that were derived by analyzing speaking performance during the same speaking tasks. A synthesis of 39 studies (284 correlations) suggests that internal features are strongly correlated to L2 speaking in general (r = .649) and that the strength of the correlations varies according to oral features (e.g., r = .713 to .888 for fluency, delivery, grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and content). The results highlight the relative importance of various internal features in L2 speaking and suggest areas in need of further research.
L2 speaking and its external correlates
Authors: Jeon Eun Hee , In'nami Yo , Koizumi Rie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The present study synthesizes the correlation coefficients between discourse-level L2 speaking and nine relevant correlates: L2 vocabulary knowledge, L2 grammar knowledge, working memory, L2 reading comprehension, L2 listening comprehension, L2 writing, language aptitude, metacognition, and anxiety. Fifty-one independent samples from 41 primary studies publlished between 1975 and 2017 were included in the study. Correlations weighted for sample size and, when possible, corrected for attenuation due to measurement errors were submitted to a series of nine quantitative meta-analyses. The results showed that L2 knowledge variables were strongly correlated with L2 speaking (.563 for vocabulary and .622 for grammar). The same results were found for companion L2 proficiency variables such as L2 reading comprehension (.822), L2 listening comprehension (.530), and L2 writing (.605). As for the language general variables, metacognition was much more strongly correlated with L2 speaking (.624) compared to working memory (.102). Lastly, language aptitude and anxiety each showed a positive and a negative correlation falling in the medium to large range: .481 for language aptitude and −.432 for anxiety.