bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate‐driven stream‐flow impacts on bull trout metapopulation dynamics revealed by quantitative assessment of 22 years of tag–recapture data
Authors: Kaeding Lynn R. , Mogen Jim T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Climate change has altered annual hydrologic cycles globally. Where stream flows are dominated by snow melt in western North America, climate change has resulted in peak flows that occur earlier in the runoff season and reduced flows during the non‐runoff season. Such changes can negatively affect the reproduction success and first‐year survival of stream‐dependent, autumn‐spawning salmonid fishes.

We annually sampled bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus Suckley) populations in the St. Mary River catchment in north‐central Montana, U.S.A. Bull trout (≥ age 3; n = 3,502) electrofished from six creeks during 1998–2018 were given passive integrated transponder tags and 739 (21.1%) of those fish were recaptured through 2019 (tag loss c. 4.5%). We used tag–recapture data to (1) determine the spatial extent of the bull trout metapopulation; (2) fit a Bayesian Jolly–Seber model to identify the temporal trends in the sizes, finite growth rates (λ), and apparent survival and detection probabilities of the three main populations; and (3) assess the statistical associations between λ and flow.

Bull trout movements among creeks defined the metapopulation's almost catchment‐wide spatial extent. Statistical correlations between λ and flow were clumped in the month × flow variable space at flow lags of 3–7 years, which corresponded with production of the dominant age classes in our tagged populations. Positive correlations occurred during June–September (the bull trout spawning season) and negative correlations during October–May (the embryo‐incubation period).

Declining spawning‐season flow could have degraded bull trout spawning habitat, whereas increasing incubation‐period flow could have physically disturbed embryos affecting their survival.

This study revealed associations between bull trout population dynamics and climate change as indexed by stream flow. Although the spawning habitats of these bull trout are protected within Glacier National Park and the occurrence of multiple local populations supports metapopulation persistence, that persistence is diminished because flow‐regime change has a strong negative influence on each population. Given the region's apparent climate trajectory, further decline in the bull trout metapopulation is anticipated.
Association of social participation (including inconsistent participation) with the progression of frailty among older adults: Community‐based cohort study in Japan
Authors: Yamada Takuya , Fukuda Yoshiharu , Kanamori Satoru , Sato Shinichiro , Nakamura Mutsumi , Nemoto Yuta , Maruo Kazushi , Takeda Noriko , Kitabatake Yoshinori , Arao Takashi 
Published: November 2022

AimThis study examined the relationship between continuity of social participation and progression of frailty among community‐dwelling older adults, by baseline frailty level.MethodsThis study was part of a 3‐year community‐based cohort study among adults aged ≥65 years, living independently in a rural municipality in Japan. Mail surveys were carried out in 2016, 2018 and 2019. This study involved 2799 participants who responded to the question about social participation in every survey. Frailty was evaluated by Kihon Checklist total scores. Social participation was categorized into consistent non‐participation, interrupted recent non‐participation, interrupted recent participation and consistent participation. We assessed the relationship between social participation and change in frailty scores using general linear regression analysis, stratifying the participants into groups by their frailty level at baseline.ResultsThere was a smaller frailty score increase in the robust (β −0.61, 95% CI −0.99 to −0.22) and prefrail groups (β −0.73, 95% CI −1.18 to −0.27) for consistent participation than consistent non‐participation. Interrupted recent participation showed significant suppression in the prefrail group (β −0.96, 95% CI −1.60 to −0.32). Social participation had no clear effect on progression in the frail group.ConclusionsConsistent social participation might reduce the progression of frailty in robust and prefrail people. Inconsistent participation might also help to reduce progression in prefrail older adults. It is important for prefrail older adults to return to their social activities and continue to engage as long as possible, even if their participation was intermittent in the past. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 25–31.
Cell‐free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy versus large‐volume paracentesis for the treatment of cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites: A multicenter prospective observational study
Authors: Hanai Tatsunori , Kawaratani Hideto , Nagano Junji , Suii Hirokazu , Sakamaki Akira , Arase Yoshitaka , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Kogiso Tomomi , Okubo Tomomi , Miwa Takao , Shimizu Shogo , Hige Shuhei , Atsukawa Masanori , Shimizu Masahito , Kurosaki Masayuki , Terai Shuji , Kagawa Tatehiro , Tokushige Katsutoshi , Yoshiji Hitoshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimCell‐free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) and large‐volume paracentesis (LVP) with albumin infusion are useful for managing refractory ascites (RA). However, it remains unclear which therapy is more effective in patients with cirrhosis with RA.MethodsFrom June 2018 to March 2022, 25 patients with RA treated with CART or LVP with albumin infusion were enrolled in this multicenter prospective observational study to investigate the number of abdominal paracenteses, albumin preparations used, and drainage volume during an 8‐week observation period.ResultsAmong all patients at entry (median age, 63 years; 52% men; 60% Child–Pugh B and 40% Child–Pugh C), 92% were treated with furosemide (median, 20 mg/day), 92% with spironolactone (25 mg/day), and all with tolvaptan (7.5 mg/day). Patients with RA had a poor health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and prominent ascites‐related symptoms. Four of the 20 eligible patients were treated with CART, 11 with LVP with albumin infusion, and five with their combination. The median number of paracenteses, total drainage volume, and albumin infusions were 1.5, 7.4 L, and 0, respectively, in the CART group; 5.0, 22.0 L, and 5.0, respectively, in the LVP group; and 5.0, 30.0 L, and 5.0, respectively in their combination group. The treatment effects did not differ significantly among the three groups regarding weight loss, liver function, renal function, electrolytes, and HRQOL. However, patients treated with CART had fewer paracenteses and albumin infusions than those treated with LVP.ConclusionsCART and LVP have comparable therapeutic efficacy for RA in patients with cirrhosis.
Success in agenda setting through failure in policymaking: Exploring a new policy venue in the Polish European Semester 2012–2022
Authors: Szarfenberg Ryszard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe article presents the results of a case study based on participant observation of a policy venue which was established in Poland as part of the implementation of the European Semester (ES) in 2012. The long period (2012–2022) and the rich material collected by the insider in the studied venue (as a representative of over 30 civil society organisations affiliated to EAPN Poland) provide a unique opportunity to gain insight into the participation of social actors in the coordination of economic and social policy in the European Union after 2010. The main research question addressed in the article is: why did social actors gain influence on the agenda of the policy venue, but not on national social policy? Social actors participating in the European Semester in Poland, despite strong and competent representation in the policy venue under consideration, and despite their collaboration with other stakeholders, did not directly influence national poverty reduction policies. However, they strongly influenced the agenda of the policy venue, establishing poverty as a permanent item in the agenda of the subsequent ES cycles 2014–2019. The explanation of this course of action is the institutional framework of the policy venue studied in this article, the policy advocacy strategy adopted by the social actors within it in 2013–2015 and the institutional events triggered by the pandemic in 2020–2022.
A meta‐analysis examined the effect of intrawound vancomycin on surgical site wound infections in non‐spinal neurosurgical operation
Authors: Zeng Xiangwu , Yang Bo , Zhang Baiming , Xu Buxuan , Rong Congxue , She Jianhu , Guo Wanliang , Kong Jianlong , Liu Yangzi , Zhao Dianfan , Xu Xiuzhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo assess the impact of intrawound vancomycin on surgical site wound infections in non‐spinal neurosurgical operations, we conducted a meta‐analysis. A thorough review of the literature up to September 2022 showed that 4286 participants had a non‐spinal neurosurgical operation at the start of the investigations; 1975 of them used intrawound vancomycin, while 2311 were control. Using dichotomous or contentious methods and a random or fixed‐effect model, odds ratios (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the impact of intrawound vancomycin on surgical site wound infections in non‐spinal neurosurgical operation. The intrawound vancomycin had significantly lower surgical site wound infections (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.19‐0.40; P < .001) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 32%) compared with the control in non‐spinal neurosurgical operation. The intrawound vancomycin had significantly lower surgical site wound infections compared with control in non‐spinal neurosurgical operation. The low sample size of 2 out of 13 researches in the meta‐analysis calls for care when analysing the results.
Host phylogeny and elevation predict infection by avian haemosporidians in a diverse New Guinean bird community
Authors: Lau Geoffrey C. F. , Class Freeman Alexandra M. , Pulgarín‐R Paulo , Cadena Carlos Daniel , Ricklefs Robert E. , Freeman Benjamin G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe biotic interactions hypothesis predicts that interactions between species are stronger at lower elevations compared to higher elevations. We tested whether this prediction is met by examining elevational patterns in avian haemosporidian infections in New Guinean birds.LocationYUS Conservation Area, Papua New Guinea.TaxonBirds and haemosporidia.MethodsWe collected blood samples from 2268 individuals of 66 bird species along a reef‐to‐ridgetop tropical elevational gradient covering ~3000 m of elevation. We used molecular methods to screen samples for haemosporidian parasites, and sequenced 70% of positive infections to determine the identity of parasite genera. We fit a phylogenetic generalized mixed‐effects model to test whether infection prevalence was higher at low elevations, as predicted by the biotic interactions hypothesis. Finally, we tested for phylogenetic signal in parasite prevalence and in host elevational distribution using Pagel's λ.ResultsOverall parasite prevalence was 45%. Infection prevalence decreased with elevation, though prevalence remained above ~30% even for high‐elevation communities between 2000 and 3000 m. We found strong phylogenetic signal in infection prevalence, but no phylogenetic signal in host elevational distribution. Nearly all sequenced infections (97%) were of Haemoproteus.Main ConclusionsOur results are consistent with predictions arising from the biotic interactions hypothesis. However, phylogenetic relationships among hosts are a much better predictor of infection prevalence than is elevational position: closely related bird species tend to have similar infection prevalence regardless of the elevations where they live.
The 5D Cycle for Health Equity: Combining Black Feminism, Radical Imagination, and Appreciative Inquiry to Transform Perinatal Quality Improvement
Authors: Arrington Lauren A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractToo often, quality improvement initiatives are rooted in the health care system's oppressive structures and hierarchies. Transformative quality improvement models that embody the wisdom and liberatory potential of oppressed groups areneeded to address the alarming inequities within perinatal health. Inspired by experiences with Appreciative Inquiry, a possibility‐focused change model, and frustrated by the limits of traditional quality improvement, the author sought new approaches to perinatal quality improvement. Inquiry into Black feminist recommendations for perinatal quality improvement and the principles of radical imagination led to the creation of the 5D Cycle for Health Equity, which grounds Appreciative Inquiry's 5D cycle (define, discover, dream, design, deliver/destiny) in Black feminism and radical imagination. The 5D Cycle for Health Equity is an innovative approach to address health inequities by challenging oppressive quality improvement methods and health care structures. The cycle guides quality improvement collectives through a process that redefines harm and health equity; discovers new understandings of wellness across the past, present, and future; dreams of equitable care with the principles of antioppression and collectivity; designs solutions that embody the liberatory practices of oppressed groups; delivers solutions that strive to free everyone by freeing the most oppressed; and forges a new destiny. Midwives are well poised to use the 5D Cycle for Health Equity to disrupt structures of inequity and foster a health care system that supports the health and wellness of oppressed groups.
Dyadic Care Mobile Units: A Collaborative Midwifery and Pediatric Response to the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: McGuinness Cara , Mottl‐Santiago Julie , Nass Melissa , Siegel Lillian , Onyekwu Onyemaechi C. , Cruikshank Alice , Forman Rosha , Weir Grace 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOften dubbed the fourth trimester, the first 6 weeks of the postpartum period is a critical time that sets the stage for future health outcomes for both women and children. Leading maternal and child health advocates agree that intervention in the first 6 weeks of life is crucial. Although most new parents prioritize their newborn's well‐care, many postpartum patients do not attend appointments for themselves, missing critical opportunities for identification and treatment of leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Racial disparities in rates of postpartum complications highlight the increased importance of close postpartum follow‐up for women of color. Barriers to attending routine postpartum visits were exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Additionally, in traditional models of care, maternal‐infant dyads experience fragmented care across multiple departments and patient care settings and only 1 to 2 routine visits for the postpartum patient. To address the challenges of providing in‐person postpartum care during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Boston, the Midwifery Service, and the Pediatrics Department of Boston Medical Center partnered to launch a mobile postpartum clinic that provided comprehensive, high‐touch, dyadic care to postpartum patients and newborns in the first 6 weeks of life. Integrative mobile visits catered to the interplay of maternal and newborn health in the early postpartum period, providing an average of 3 visits to each dyad. This novel clinic concept addresses structural inequities by decreasing barriers to care and reimagines an ideal state of postpartum dyadic care with frequent visits addressing the complete needs of each postpartum patient and newborn. For more than 2 decades, maternal health advocates have been calling for change from health care birth systems to improve health care outcomes. This collaborative, interdepartmental initiative—conceived in the context of a pandemic—is an answer to that call.
Receptor‐interacting protein 3‐phosphorylated Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II and mixed lineage kinase domain‐like protein mediate intracerebral hemorrhage‐induced neuronal necroptosis
Authors: Yuan Guiqiang , Cao Cheng , Cao Demao , Li Bing , Li Xiang , Li Haiying , Shen Haitao , Wang Zhong , Chen Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNecroptosis‐mediated cell death is an important mechanism in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)‐induced secondary brain injury (SBI). Our previous study has demonstrated that receptor‐interacting protein 1 (RIP1) mediated necroptosis in SBI after ICH. However, further mechanisms, such as the roles of receptor‐interacting protein 3 (RIP3), mixed lineage kinase domain‐like protein (MLKL), and Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II), remain unclear. We hypothesized that RIP3, MLKL, and CaMK II might participate in necroptosis after ICH, including their phosphorylation. The ICH model was induced by autologous blood injection. First, we found the activation of necroptosis after ICH in brain tissues surrounding the hematoma (propidium iodide staining). Meanwhile, the phosphorylation and expression of RIP3, MLKL, and CaMK II were differently up‐regulated (western blotting and immunofluorescent staining). The specific inhibitors could suppress RIP3, MLKL, and CaMK II (GSK'872 for RIP3, necrosulfonamide for MLKL, and KN‐93 for CaMK II). We found the necroptosis surrounding the hematoma and the concrete interactions in RIP3‐MLKL/RIP3‐CaMK II also both decreased after the specific intervention (co‐immunoprecipitation). Then we conducted the short‐/long‐term neurobehavioral tests, and the rats with specific inhibition mostly had better performance. We also found less blood–brain barrier (BBB) injury, and less neuron loss (Nissl staining) in intervention groups, which supported the neurobehavioral tests. Besides, oxidative stress and inflammation were also alleviated with intervention, which had significant less reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Iba1, and GFAP surrounding the hematoma. These results confirmed that RIP3‐phosphorylated MLKL and CaMK II participate in ICH‐induced necroptosis and could provide potential targets for the treatment of ICH patients.image
Stroke survivors', caregivers' and nurse coaches' perspectives on health coaching program towards hospital‐to‐home transition care: A qualitative descriptive process evaluation
Authors: Lin Shuanglan , Xie Shiqi , Zhou Jianrong , Tu Qiang , Wang Chunli , Chen Liping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo explore the perspectives of stroke survivors, caregivers and nurse coaches on a health coaching program during hospital‐to‐home transitional care.BackgroundStroke is a major public health problem that seriously affects the health and safety of people in China. Nurse‐led health coaching is a promising support option in enabling smooth hospital‐to‐home transition for stroke survivors and family caregivers. A qualitative study is valuable for gaining insight into their perspectives on using this program.DesignAn exploratory, descriptive qualitative process evaluation was conducted parallel with a former randomised controlled trial. Data were obtained from 26 stroke survivors, 33 caregivers and four nurse coaches with semi‐structured interviews. The inductive reflexive thematic analysis approach was used for data analysis. The COREQ checklist was followed in reporting this study.ResultsSeven themes were generated from the data: (1) the applicability of individualised health coaching sessions, (2) driving self‐efficacy to establish self‐care skills, (3) the key role of nurse coaches, (4) coordination among healthcare teams during the transition, (5) adequate community and social support, (6) insufficient rehabilitative services after discharge and (7) perceived extra workload for nurse coaches.ConclusionsThe study captured perspectives on a nurse‐led health coaching program towards hospital‐to‐home transition care from stroke survivors, caregivers and nurse coaches. Individualised health coaching sessions and driving self‐efficacy were perceived as facilitators for empowering the self‐care skills of stroke survivors and caregivers. The key role of nurse coaches in coordinating healthcare teams and adequate community and social support were detected as the power frame of the program's implementation. However, health system obstacles, such as insufficient rehabilitative services and the high workload of nurses, still need to be addressed to ensure the sustainability of health coaching intervention in transitional care.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe study suggested the feasibility of implementing nurse‐led health coaching to smooth post‐stroke hospital‐to‐home transitional care. The findings also highlighted the importance of qualitative process evaluation when implementing evidence‐based interventions in health care.Trial RegistrationThe trial was registered with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ID: ACTRN12619000321145).
Brainstem volume, diffusion, and metabolism are associated with chronic consciousness disorders after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Sawamura Shogo , Ikegame Yuka , Kawasaki Tomohiro , Nakayama Noriyuki , Yano Hirohito , Shinoda Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeWe aimed to identify reliable neuroradiological features of the brainstem reflecting the neurological symptoms of patients with chronic disorders of consciousness (DOCs) due to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsWe retrospectively examined 86 patients with chronic DOCs due to severe TBI caused by automobile accidents. We studied the relationships among (1) neurological symptoms, including consciousness level, (2) integrated cognitive/physical condition, and (3) neuroradiological features of the brainstem (brainstem volume on MRI, fractional anisotropy [FA] value in the brainstem, and standardized uptake value [SUV] of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose [FDG] on positron emission tomography in the brainstem).ResultsBrainstem volume was significantly larger and FA values were significantly higher in patients with a better level of consciousness. However, brainstem volumes were significantly decreased and the maximum SUV (SUVmax) of FDG significantly increased at 2 years following admission regardless of the level of consciousness at admission. The brainstem volume was significantly larger and the FA value and SUVmax of FDG were significantly higher in patients with better National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims’ Aid (NASVA) scores at admission. The decrease in the brainstem volume was significantly minimized and the SUVmax of FDG significantly increased in patients with more improvement in the NASVA score 2 years after admission.ConclusionsThe volume, FA value, and SUVmax of FDG of the brainstem are important neuroradiological features associated with the neurological conditions of patients with chronic DOCs due to severe TBI.
Occasions for Scarcity: From Ecology towards Theology by Way of Poetry
Authors: Larkin Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article begins with an examination of the contested term ‘scarcity’, tracing it through its signal presence in economics, then mutating within ecology, eventually appearing on the margins of theology. If poetry is to offer some degree of mediation, the article considers what would be the basis of an appropriate poetics, one which must be derived from the underlying material basis of composition, but by which poems can ‘think’. Finally, the article considers whether there is any way in which poems might ‘pray’ out of their own ontological limitations, but decides, through a consideration of one of the author's own poems, that poetry does not strictly do so, except indirectly by revoicing within its own dynamic field the word ‘prayer’ itself.