bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literary works legal protection in creative industries
Authors: Ulitina Olha 
Published: November 2022

Keywords: Literary works, copyright, intellectual property law, creative industries,objects of copyright
The article is devoted to the issues of the literary works legal protection and its importance forthe creative industries development. As long as literary works are one of the mostcommon objects of copyright, they often serve as the basis for the creative industriesactivities. An important feature of literary works is that they can be both completelyseparate works and be part of other compiled works. This feature makes literaryworks important for the book publishing, film, computer game, advertising, marketingindustries and also for education and culture.In this context, the legal protection of literary works is of particular importance.International legal protection of literary works is carried out in accordance with anumber of international acts, including the Berne Convention for the Protection ofLiterary and Artistic Works, the Universal Copyright Convention of 1952, and someDirectives of the European Parliament and the Council. In Ukraine the provision oflegal protection to literary works is provided in accordance with the Law of Ukraine«On Copyright and Related Rights».
The author concludes that legal protection of literary works can occur in compliancewith two main requirements. The first — the work has to be fixed in a tangibleform and has to be expressed in words. The second — it has to be the author's own intellectualcreation, that is the work has to be new and original, and the author has tomake certain creative efforts to create it.The protection of literary works plays a significant role in the development of creativeindustries and is crucial for the organization of their work. Compliance with theIP law concerning the creation and use of literary works in the creative industries isthe basis for their economic growth, while violations of IP law and attempts to circumventthe legal mechanisms of the use of law reject the industry, in particular bypreventing it from entering the international market.
Citation in works created by the creative industries
Authors: Shtefan Anna 
Published: November 2022

Key words: citation, quotation, free use of works, creative industries, copyright, intellectualproperty
Citation,i.e. the use in the work of small fragments of other works with reference to them, belongsto the traditional copyright exceptions and limitations that contribute to the developmentof science and culture, and free dissemination of information. The Ukrainiansystem of copyright exceptions and limitations is characterized by an exhaustivelist of such cases, so only actions expressly provided by law are allowed. Therefore,free and uncoordinated with the author citation of the work is allowed only in compliancewith the requirements provided by the law.First, the work from which the quotation is used must be lawfully made public, i.e.disclosed to the public with the permission of the author. Citing an unpublished or illegallypublished work constitutes a deviation from lawful conduct and qualifies ascopyright infringement.Second, the length of the passage used must be appropriate to the purpose, whichmay include explaining one's statements or referring to another author’s opinion. Thelimit of the size of a citation, such as the maximum number of words, signs, or secondsof duration, is not established by law. Therefore, the volume of the citation should correspondto the purposes of expressing a particular opinion, providing certain informationor data. Works of fine art, photography and other small works can be cited in partor in full if it is justified by the goal. The use of such works must be absolutely targetedand have a direct connection with the information contained in the work in whichthe citation is given.Third, the excerpt from the work must be given in an authentic formulation thatcorresponds exactly to the original. If a quotation is translated from a foreign language,its use does not require permission but the translation must be correct and accuratelyconvey the author’s thought.Fourth, a quotation can be included only in a work of a critical, polemical, scientific,or informational nature. It should be taken into account that, under Ukrainianlaw, articles and programs of the media are always considered informational objects,so the media can quote other works regardless of the genre of their particular articleor program.Fifth, when citing, it is obligatory to indicate the name (pseudonym) of the authorand the source of borrowing. If the work is published anonymously, it is sufficient tocomply with this requirement by indicating the source of borrowing. Without specifyingthe work and its author(s), the use of a fragment of the work will not be considered citation, and therefore, even if all other requirements are met, the user’s actionswill be regarded as copyright infringement.In general, when quoting, it should be remembered that it must be carried out instrict accordance with the requirements established by law. Users are not given theright to determine which of these requirements may not be met because only theircombination determines the boundaries of permissible and allowed behavior in thefree use of works.
The prognostic value of advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) in elderly patients with heart failure
Authors: Yuan Xiao , Huang Bi , Wang Ruiyu , Tie Hongtao , Luo Suxin 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is a novel inflammatory and nutritional index that exerts prognostic value in various types of cancer. A previous study demonstrated that ALI at discharge could predict the prognosis in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). However, the long-term prognostic value of ALI on admission in elderly heart failure (HF) inpatients remains unclear.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively collected HF inpatients over 65-year-old who were hospitalized in our cardiology center during the whole year of 2015. ALI was calculated as body mass index (BMI) × serum albumin (Alb)/neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Patients were divided into two groups by the optimal cutoff value of ALI for predicting all-cause mortality using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was computed to evaluate the correlation between ALI and the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI). Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox survival analyses, time-dependent ROC analyses, and net reclassification improvement (NRI) analyses were used to assess the prognostic effect of ALI on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.ResultsOver a 28-month median follow-up, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality occurred in 192 (35.4%) and 132 (24.3%) out of 543 patients, respectively. The optimal cutoff value of ALI for predicting all-cause mortality at 2 years was 25.8. Spearman’s correlation coefficient showed a moderate positive linear correlation between ALI and GNRI (r = 0.44, p &lt; 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the cumulative incidences of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities were significantly higher in patients with lower ALI (log-rank test, all-cause mortality: p &lt; 0.0001; cardiovascular mortality: p &lt; 0.0001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses indicated that ALI was an independent predictor for both all-cause mortality (HR 0.550, 95% CI 0.349–0.867, p = 0.01) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.536, 95% CI 0.302–0.953, p = 0.034). Time-dependent ROC analyses showed that ALI was comparable to GNRI in predicting long-term all-cause mortality (AUC: ALI 0.625, GNRI 0.641, p = 0.976) and cardiovascular mortality (AUC: ALI 0.632, GNRI 0.626, p = 0.999) at 2 years. However, the estimated NRI indicated that the addition of ALI could not significantly improve risk stratification of base models for all-cause mortality (categorical NRI 4.9%, p = 0.433, continuous NRI 25%, p = 0.022) or cardiovascular mortality (categorical NRI 6.5%, p = 0.223, continuous NRI 27.5%, p = 0.029).ConclusionHigher ALI was significantly associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities in elderly HF patients. ALI on admission could be a competent nutrition-inflammation marker with independent predictive value for evaluating the long-term mortality of HF in elder population.
Association between remnant cholesterol and arterial stiffness in a Chinese community-based population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Fan Fangfang , Liu Bo , Li Kaiyin , Jiang Yimeng , Jia Jia , Chen Chuyun , Zheng Bo , Zhang Yan 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesAs a surrogate of arterial stiffness, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a good predictor of incident cardiovascular disease. Remnant cholesterol (RC) is a proven independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between RC and baPWV is unknown. The present study was performed to explore this relationship.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsThis study involved 8,028 participants of a community-based atherosclerosis cohort from China. Community residents aged ≥40 years were enrolled by responding to detailed research recruitment posters or by phone invitation. The participants comprised 2,938 (36.60%) men, and their mean age was 56.57 ± 9.04 years.Methods and resultsThe baPWV was measured with a standard protocol using the Omron Colin BP-203RPE III device (Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan). RC was calculated as follows: RC = TC – LDL-C – HDL-C. The mean baPWV was 1,646.85 ± 374.11 cm/s. The median RC concentration was 0.56 (0.41–0.74) mmol/L. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, the concentrations of RC, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) were all positively and independently associated with baPWV. The baPWV was higher in the fourth than first lipid profile quartile. The HDL-C concentration was inversely associated with baPWV. When RC was forced into the model with other lipid profile indices simultaneously, only the RC and TG concentrations remained significantly associated with baPWV.ConclusionLipids are independently associated with baPWV. The RC and TG concentrations have stronger associations with arterial stiffness than other lipid indices in the Chinese community-based population.
Electronic medical record use and associated factors among healthcare professionals at public health facilities in Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia: A mixed-method study
Authors: Tolera Abebe , Oljira Lamessa , Dingeta Tariku , Abera Admas , Roba Hirbo Shore 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDespite the significant benefits of digital health technologies (ITs), developing countries are lagging behind their developed counterparts in the adoption of electronic medical records (EMRs) in a healthcare setting. EMRs have long been considered essential elements in improving the quality of healthcare. However, the rate of utilization of EMRs among healthcare providers still remains low, particularly in developing countries.ObjectiveThis study aimed at exploring EMR use and its determinants among healthcare providers at public health facilities in Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia.MethodsA quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 402 health professionals working at public health facilities supplemented with an exploratory qualitative study in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. Descriptive summary statistics and binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to explore the determinant factors of EMR use, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed.ResultsOverall, about a quarter (26.6%) of health professionals were using electronic medical records. A work experience of 6 years or less [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.23; 95% confidence interval (CI): [1.15–4.31]], a discussion on EMR (AOR = 14.47; 95% CI: [5.58–7.57]), the presence of an EMR manual (AOR = 3.10; 95% CI: [1.28–7.38]), and a positive attitude toward the EMR system (AOR = 11.15; 95% CI: [4.90–25.36]) and service quality (AOR = 8.02; 95% CI: [4.09–15.72]) were independent determinants of EMR use. Poor collaboration among stakeholders and dependence on the software programs of NGOs were the main challenges cited by key informants.ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate that EMR use by health professionals in the study area is very low. Several organizational, technical, and behavioral factors were identified for this low utilization. Therefore, there is a need to leverage EMRs through continuous technical support and commitment to enhance its use, which has the potential to improve health service performance. Developing locally applicable EMR software should be considered.
Nonnegligible pathogenic exposure risk of coarse part of PM10 in non-open environments
Authors: Zhao Yirong , Mao Kang , Cao Haorui , Wang Bin , Zheng Xingli , Du Wei , Zhang Xiangyan , Zhang Hua 
Published: November 2022

In non-open environments, pathogenic microorganisms are more likely to invade the human respiratory tract due to their limited diffusion in the environment, which has received little attention. In this study, we explored the distribution characteristics of particulate matter (PM) in non-open environments, and included sewage treatment plants and farms, which are occupational exposure risks, and G-series high-speed trains and waiting rooms, which are crowded. The results showed orders of magnitude differences in PM and microbial concentrations and the DNA/PM values of adsorption in the different non-open spaces. The concentration of PM with a size in the 4.7–10.0 μm range was higher than those of PM in the 1.1–4.7 μm and 0.43–1.1 μm ranges in all three types of places, accounting for 74.64%, 46.59%, and 51.49%, respectively. The DNA/PM value for the 1.1–4.7 μm range was higher than those for PM in the other two ranges in all three types of places at 0.175, 3.78 × 10−3, and 9.98 ng/μg, respectively. Although the relative abundances of Class II potentially pathogenic bacteria with sizes ranging from 1.1 to 4.7 μm were higher in all three types of places, the total abundance and the relative abundance of identified pathogenic microorganisms with sizes ranging from 4.7 to 10.0 μm were higher in all three types of places. Here, in non-open spaces, the pathogen exposure risk associated with PM10, particularly the coarse fraction of PM10, deserves special attention. Infectious diseases caused by aerosol transmission of pathogens in non-open environments should receive more attention and require further investigation in the future.
The variability of volatile organic compounds during a persistent fog-haze episode
Authors: Zhao Yue , Lv Jingjing , Zhou Yue , An Junlin , Zhu Bin 
Published: November 2022

A persistent fog-haze process associated with high pollution occurred in the northern suburbs of Nanjing from November to December 2013. Based on the comprehensive chemical and microphysical observations during the intense observation period, the composition characteristics, and variation rules of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere under four weather conditions (slight haze, haze, fog, and dense fog) were compared and analyzed, the influencing factors for VOCs during extremely dense fog were discussed in more detail. The average concentrations of VOCs displayed as alkanes &gt; aromatics &gt; alkenes &gt; alkynes, and their concentrations were ranked as dense fog &gt; fog &gt; haze &gt; slight haze, the main factor contributing to the difference in concentrations of VOCs under different weather conditions is the boundary layer characteristics and photochemical reaction rate. Microphysical parameters such as liquid water content (LWC) were negatively correlated with VOCs concentration in dense fog (LWC&gt;0.008 g m−3). Also, the concentration of VOCs showed an oscillating decrease in extremely dense fog (LWC&gt;0.12 g m−3), and the total VOCs removal rate was close to 30%, which may be attributed to an indirect/direct removal effect, in which the enhanced collision and deposition of fog droplets promote the redistribution of VOCs gas-aqueous/particle partitioning, and remove them from the atmosphere by fog water.
Comparison of the performance of HPV DNA chip test and HPV PCR test in cervical cancer screening in rural China
Authors: Li Zhi-Fang , Jia Xin-Hua , Ren Xin-Yu , Wu Bei-Ke , Chen Wen , Feng Xiang-Xian , Wang Li-Bing , Qiao You-Lin 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the performance of two different principles of HPV testing in primary cervical cancer screening and ASC-US triage in rural areas.Methods3,328 and 3,913 women were enrolled in Shanxi, China in 2017 and 2018, respectively, and screened using liquid-based cytology and different HPV tests with a 4-year follow-up. Different screening methods commonly used in clinical practice were evaluated.ResultsIn the HPV PCR test cohort, the prevalence of HPV infection was 14.90%. A total of 38 cases of CIN2+ were identified at baseline, 2 of which were in the HPV-negative cohort and the rest in the HPV-positive cohort (2 = 186.85, p &lt; 0.001). Fifty-three cases of CIN2+ were accumulated over 4 years. The HPV infection rate in the HPV DNA chip test cohort was 21.10%. A total of 26 CIN2+ cases were identified at baseline, all in the HPV-positive population (2 = 92.96, p &lt; 0.001). 54 CIN2+ cases were cumulative over 4 years. At 4-year follow-up, HPV-negative results were significantly more protective against cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) than normal cytologic results at baseline. HPV screening was more sensitive and specific than cytologic screening (using ASC-US as the threshold) and performed better on the HPV DNA microarray test. In addition, compared with HPV 16/18 testing, sensitivity increases and specificity decreases when using HPV testing for cytologic ASC-US triage, regardless of which HPV test is used.ConclusionIn the rural areas where we implemented the study, HPV tests performed well for screening than LBC and HPV DNA chip testing performed better than HPV PCR testing in the screening cohort. Optimal screening was achieved technically when used in combination with LBC for ASC-US population triage, without thinking the feasibility for resource availability.
Impact of seizures and their prophylaxis with antiepileptic drugs on rehabilitation course of patients with traumatic or hemorrhagic brain injury
Authors: Pingue Valeria , Mele Chiara , Biscuola Stefania , Nardone Antonio , Bagnato Sergio , Franciotta Diego 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo determine whether, in patients undergoing rehabilitation after traumatic or hemorrhagic brain injury, seizures and the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) negatively impact on functional outcome, and, in turn, whether prophylactic AED therapy can prevent the development of seizures.DesignObservational retrospective study.SettingHighly specialized inpatient neurorehabilitation clinic.ParticipantsPatients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), or hemorrhagic stroke (HS) consecutively admitted to our neurorehabilitation unit between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2018.Main measures and variablesPatients' demographic data, neurological status (Glasgow Coma Scale), and rehabilitation outcome (Functional Independence Measure scale), both assessed on admission and on discharge, associated neurosurgical procedures (craniectomy, or cranioplasty), AED use, early or late seizures occurrence, and death during hospitalization.ResultsOf 740 patients, 162 (21.9%) had seizures, and prophylactic AEDs were started in 192 (25.9%). Multivariate logistic regression identified severity of brain injury as a risk factor for acute symptomatic seizures (ASS) in HS (OR = 1.800, 95%CI = 1.133–1.859, p = 0.013), and for unprovoked seizures (US) in TBI (OR = 1.679, 95%CI = 1.062–2.655, p = 0.027). Prophylaxis with AEDs reduced ASS frequency, but, if protracted for months, was associated with US occurrence (HS, p &lt; 0.0001; TBI, p = 0.0002; vs. untreated patients). Presence of US (β = −0.12; p &lt; 0.0001) and prophylaxis with AEDs (β = −0.09; p = 0.002), were associated with poor functional outcome, regardless of age, severity of brain insult, and HS vs. TBI subtype.ConclusionsSeverity of brain injury and occurrence of seizures during neurorehabilitation are the main driver of poor outcome in both HS and TBI. The possible detrimental role on the epileptogenic and functional outcome played by seizures prophylaxis with AEDs, nonetheless useful to prevent ASS if administered over the first week after the brain injury, warrants further investigation.
Top-down and bottom-up propagation of disease in the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses
Authors: Ostergaard John R. , Nelvagal Hemanth R. , Cooper Jonathan D. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses (NCLs) may be considered distinct neurodegenerative disorders with separate underlying molecular causes resulting from monogenetic mutations. An alternative hypothesis is to consider the NCLs as related diseases that share lipofuscin pathobiology as the common core feature, but otherwise distinguished by different a) initial anatomic location, and b) disease propagation.MethodsWe have tested this hypothesis by comparing known differences in symptomatology and pathology of the CLN1 phenotype caused by complete loss of PPT1 function (i.e., the classical infantile form) and of the classical juvenile CLN3 phenotype. These two forms of NCL represent early onset and rapidly progressing vs. late onset and slowly progressing disease modalities respectively.ResultsDespite displaying similar pathological endpoints, the clinical phenotypes and the evidence of imaging and postmortem studies reveal strikingly different time courses and distributions of disease propagation. Data from CLN1 disease are indicative of disease propagation from the body, with early effects within the spinal cord and subsequently within the brainstem, the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and retina. In contrast, the retina appears to be the most vulnerable organ in CLN3, and the site where pathology is first present. Pathology subsequently is present in the occipital connectome of the CLN3 brain, followed by a top-down propagation in which cerebral and cerebellar atrophy in early adolescence is followed by involvement of the peripheral nerves in later adolescence/early twenties, with the extrapyramidal system also affected during this time course.DiscussionThe propagation of disease in these two NCLs therefore has much in common with the “Brain-first” vs. “Body-first” models of alpha-synuclein propagation in Parkinson's disease. CLN1 disease represents a “Body-first” or bottom-up disease propagation and CLN3 disease having a “Brain-first” and top-down propagation. It is noteworthy that the varied phenotypes of CLN1 disease, whether it starts in infancy (infantile form) or later in childhood (juvenile form), still fit with our proposed hypothesis of a bottom-up disease propagation in CLN1. Likewise, in protracted CLN3 disease, where both cognitive and motor declines are delayed, the initial manifestations of disease are also seen in the outer retinal layers, i.e., identical to classical Juvenile NCL disease.