bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change did not alter the effects of Bt maize on soil Collembola in northeast China
Authors: Wang Baifeng , Yin Junqi , Wu Fengci , Wang Daming , Jiang Zhilei , Song Xinyuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBt maize is being increasingly cultivated worldwide as the effects of climate change are increasing globally. Bt maize IE09S034 and its near-isogenic non-Bt maize Zong 31 were used to investigate whether climate change alters the effects of Bt maize on soil Collembola. Warming and drought conditions were simulated using open-top chambers (OTC), and their effects on soil Collembola were evaluated. We found that the maize type had no significant effect on Collembola; however, the abundance and diversity of Collembola were significantly higher in the OTC than outside at the seedling stage; they were significantly lower in the OTC at the heading and mature stages. The interactions of the maize type with the OTC had no effect on these parameters. Therefore, Bt maize had no significant effect on soil Collembola, and the effects of climate warming and drought on soil Collembola depended on the ambient climatic conditions. When the temperature was low, collembolan abundance and diversity were promoted by warming; however, when the temperature was high and the humidity was low, collembolan abundance and diversity were inhibited by warming and drought. The climate changes simulated by the OTC did not alter the effects of Bt maize on soil Collembola.
Design optimization of a magnesium-based metal hydride hydrogen energy storage system
Authors: Larpruenrudee Puchanee , Bennett Nick S. , Gu YuanTong , Fitch Robert , Islam Mohammad S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetal hydrides (MH) are known as one of the most suitable material groups for hydrogen energy storage because of their large hydrogen storage capacity, low operating pressure, and high safety. However, their slow hydrogen absorption kinetics significantly decreases storage performance. Faster heat removal from MH storage can play an essential role to enhance its hydrogen absorption rate, resulting in better storage performance. In this regard, the present study aims to improve heat transfer performance to positively impact the hydrogen absorption rate of MH storage systems. A novel semi-cylindrical coil is first designed and optimized for hydrogen storage and embedded as an internal heat exchanger with air as the heat transfer fluid (HTF). The effect of novel heat exchanger configurations is analyzed and compared with normal helical coil geometry, based on various pitch sizes. Furthermore, the operating parameters of MH storage and HTF are numerically investigated to obtain optimal values. ANSYS Fluent 2020 R2 is utilized for the numerical simulations. Results from this study demonstrate that MH storage performance is significantly improved by using a semi-cylindrical coil heat exchanger (SCHE). The hydrogen absorption duration reduces by 59% compared to a normal helical coil heat exchanger. The lowest coil pitch from SCHE leads to a 61% reduction of the absorption time. In terms of operating parameters for the MH storage with SCHE, all selected parameters provide a major improvement in the hydrogen absorption process, especially the inlet temperature of the HTF.
Forecasting of energy consumption by G20 countries using an adjacent accumulation grey model
Authors: Raheem Ijlal , Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar , Karri Rama Rao , Manoj T. , Ibrahim Sobhy M. , Mazari Shaukat Ali , Nizamuddin Sabzoi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper studies an adjacent accumulation discrete grey model to improve the prediction of the grey model and enhance the utilization of new data. The impact of COVID-19 on the global economy is also discussed. Two cases are discussed to prove the stability of the adjacent accumulation discrete grey model, which helped the studied model attain higher forecasting accuracy. Using the adjacent accumulation discrete grey model, non-renewable energy consumption in G20 countries from 2022 to 2026 is predicted based on their consumption data from 2011 to 2021. It is proven that the adjacent accumulation exhibits sufficient accuracy and precision. Forecasting results obtained in this paper show that energy consumption of all the non-renewable sources other than coal has an increasing trend during the forecasting period, with the USA, Russia, and China being the biggest consumers. Natural gas is the most consumed non-renewable energy source between 2022 and 2026, whereas hydroelectricity is the least consumed. The USA is the biggest consumer of Nuclear energy among the G20 countries, whereas Argentina consumed only 0.1 Exajoules of nuclear energy, placing it at the end of nuclear energy consumers.
The impact of incorporating Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriocin with inulin and FOS on yogurt quality
Authors: Hussien Heba , Abd-Rabou Hagar S. , Saad Marwa A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current study aimed to figure out the effect of using a combination of 2% inulin, and 2% Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) with Lactobacillus acidophilus and their bacteriocin on some yogurt properties such as coagulation time, extending the shelf life of set yogurt and its microbiological quality, also the acceptance by consumers. The results indicated that coagulation time increased by 22.75% in yogurts prepared with Lactobacillus acidophilus and their bacteriocins compared to the control, and titratable acidity increased gradually in all treatments during storage. Hence control acidity (%) increased from 0.84 ± 0.02A at zero time to 1.23 ± 0.03A after 14 days of cold storage, while treatment (T4) was 0.72 ± 0.01C at zero time and reached 1.20 ± 0.5A after 39 days at the same conditions. The sensory properties showed the superiority of inulin, FOS, and Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriocin groups. Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophiles, and Lactobacillus acidophilus count increased in the treatments compared to the control group, with an extended shelf life to 39 days of storage in the medicines containing lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriocin. Coliforms, Moulds, and yeasts did not detect in the treatments comprising 2% inulin, 2% FOS, and lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriocin for 39 days of refrigerated storage. This study proved that 2% inulin, 2% FOS, and Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriocin fortification extended the shelf life by more than 5 weeks.
Predicting real world spatial disorientation in Alzheimer’s disease patients using virtual reality navigation tests
Authors: Puthusseryppady Vaisakh , Morrissey Sol , Spiers Hugo , Patel Martyn , Hornberger Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSpatial navigation impairments in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been suggested to underlie patients experiencing spatial disorientation. Though many studies have highlighted navigation impairments for AD patients in virtual reality (VR) environments, the extent to which these impairments predict a patient’s risk for spatial disorientation in the real world is still poorly understood. The aims of this study were to (a) investigate the spatial navigation abilities of AD patients in VR environments as well as in a real world community setting and (b) explore whether we could predict patients at a high risk for spatial disorientation in the community based on their VR navigation. Sixteen community-dwelling AD patients and 21 age/gender matched controls were assessed on their egocentric and allocentric navigation abilities in VR environments using the Virtual Supermarket Test (VST) and Sea Hero Quest (SHQ) as well as in the community using the Detour Navigation Test (DNT). When compared to controls, AD patients exhibited impairments on the VST, SHQ, and DNT. For patients, only SHQ wayfinding distance and wayfinding duration significantly predicted composite disorientation score on the DNT (β = 0.422, p = 0.034, R2 = 0.299 and β = 0.357, p = 0.046, R2 = 0.27 respectively). However, these same VR measures could not reliably predict which patients were at highest risk of spatial disorientation in the community (p > 0.1). Future studies should focus on developing VR-based tests which can predict AD patients at high risk of getting spatially disorientated in the real world.
Measuring arousal and valence generated by the dynamic experience of architectural forms in virtual environments
Authors: Presti Paolo , Ruzzon Davide , Avanzini Pietro , Caruana Fausto , Rizzolatti Giacomo , Vecchiato Giovanni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe built environment represents the stage surrounding our everyday life activities. To investigate how architectural design impacts individuals' affective states, we measured subjective judgments of perceived valence (pleasant and unpleasant) and arousal after the dynamic experience of a progressive change of macro visuospatial dimensions of virtual spaces. To this aim, we developed a parametric model that allowed us to create 54 virtual architectural designs characterized by a progressive change of sidewalls distance, ceiling and windows height, and color of the environment. Decreasing sidewalls distance, ceiling height variation, and increasing windows height significantly affected the participants' emotional state within virtual environments. Indeed, such architectural designs generated high arousing and unpleasant states according to subjective judgment. Overall, we observed that valence and arousal scores are affected by all the dynamic form factors which modulated the spaciousness of the surrounding. Showing that the dynamic experience of virtual environments enables the possibility of measuring the emotional impact of macro spatial architectural features, the present findings may lay the groundwork for future experiments investigating the effects that the architectural design has on individuals' mental state as a fundamental factor for the creation of future spaces.
Effect of fermentation of chosen vegetables on the nutrient, mineral, and biocomponent profile in human and animal nutrition
Authors: Kiczorowski Piotr , Kiczorowska Bożena , Samolińska Wioletta , Szmigielski Marek , Winiarska-Mieczan Anna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the present study, the dry matter, crude ash, crude protein, ether extract, and energy, macro- (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P), micro- (Zn, Cu, Fe) minerals, heavy metals (Pb, Cd), vitamin C, A, carotene, and phenolic content were determined in chosen raw and fermented vegetables. The dietary intake of several macro- and microconstituents per one serving (100 g or humans and animals: ducks and pigs) was calculated. The fermentation process was found to reduce water and increase fat content in the vegetables. Lower levels of vitamin C and phenols were also found in the fermented vegetables. The vitamin A and carotene content in the fermented carrots and peppers were increased in comparison with the raw vegetables. The fermentation process decreased the concentration of some basic nutrients, mineral content, vitamins C and A, and phenols. Broccoli, peppers, and red beet had the highest levels of the analyzed nutrients and bioconstituents. The fermentation process is regarded by nutritionists as beneficial to human health. The addition of fermented plants is recommended in animal nutrition as well. This process modifies the chemical composition of preserved vegetables, e.g. it reduces the concentration of dietary fiber, and brings favorable effects in poultry and pig nutrition.
Pharmacokinetic profile of sarcin and thionin from Aspergillus giganteus and in vitro validation against human fungal pathogen
Authors: Ravindhiran Ramya , Krishnamurthy Ramya , Sivarajan Karthiga , Sekar Jothi Nayaki , Chidambaram Kumarappan , Alqahtani Ali M , Dhandapani Kavitha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fungal infections are more predominant in agricultural and clinical fields. Aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus leads to respiratory failure in patients along with various illnesses. Due to the limitation of antifungal therapy and antifungal drugs, there is an emergence to develop efficient antifungal compounds (AFCs) from natural sources to cure and prevent fungal infections. The present study deals with the investigation of the mechanism of the active compounds from Aspergillus giganteus against aspergillosis. Primarily, the bioavailability and toxicological properties of antifungal proteins such as, sarcin, thionin, chitinase and their derivatives have proved the efficiency of pharmacokinetic properties of selected compounds. Molecular interactions of selected compounds from A. giganteus with the virulence proteins of A. fumigatus (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase, N-myristoyl transferase and Chitinase) have exhibited a good glide score and druggable nature of the AFCs. The antagonistic potential of AFCs on the pathogen was confirmed by SEM analysis where the shrunken and damaged spores of AFCs treated pathogen were observed. The integrity of A. fumigatus cell membrane and nuclear membrane treated with AFCs were analyzed by determining the release of cellular materials. The effective concentration of AFCs was found to be 250 µg/ml (P&lt;0.0001). The GC-MS profiling has revealed the volatile bioactive metabolites present in A. giganteus. Further, interaction studies might provide more information on the synergism activity with the non-volatile metabolites which leads to the development of novel drugs for the treatment of aspergillosis.
“I Truly Feel Like I Have Been Hustling on My Own”: Minority Graduate Students' Experiences in Communication Sciences and Disorders Programs
Authors: Suswaram Suma , Perelmutter Bogi , Keuwo Romaric , Gillispie Matthew W. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:The field of communication sciences and disorders (CSD) is among the least diverse health and education professions in the United States (Luther, 2017). Recruitment efforts have increased the presence of racial and/or ethnic minority students in CSD over the past decade, yet there has been no comparable increase in the membership of professional organizations, indicating a lack of retention. To understand academic-professional retention, we need to know more about the academic experiences of current students.Method:We performed semistructured qualitative interviews with 10 ethnic and/or racial minority clinical and PhD graduate students in CSD programs, focusing on the barriers and challenges they have faced, and the strategies they have developed to navigate their academic environments. Interviews were analyzed using consensual qualitative research procedures.Results:Almost all participants reported experiences of isolation, positive interactions outside the department, and learning to use self-help strategies. Typical themes also included negative interactions within the department (both in an academic and clinical context), and positive interactions primarily with minority peers. The strategies students reported were more varied than their experiences, and included socially focused strategies—for example, reaching out to minority faculty in other departments—as well as individually focused strategies—for example, keeping in mind the temporary nature of a difficult situation.Conclusion:Based on the results, we discuss new approaches and strategies that might help in improving the retention of minority students in CSD programs.
Influences of configuration and coating on the vibration characteristics of spindles
Authors: Yu Hechun , Zhang Bo , Wang Jin , Cheng Hepeng , Zhang Guoqing , Wang Wenbo , Wang Renzong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStrong vibration is the main factor leading to the spinning spindle failure, which is closely related to the spindle end configuration and surface coating. In this study, the effects of the spindle end configuration and surface coating on the vibration characteristics of spinning spindles are studied, the vibration tests were conducted on a multifunctional spindle test bench by using three different types of spindles without coating and the YD4203C pointed spindle with surface self‐lubricating coating under various high‐speed no‐load conditions. The results showed that the vibration phenomenon of the YD4203C pointed‐head spindle was slighter than that of YD6111FA frustum spindle and YD6100E flat‐headed spindle, this was believed to be because the increase in the end surface area could speed up the heat transfer, and the decrease in the bottom area of the spindle end could reduce the impact of the high‐speed oil and gas vortex on the vibration. In addition, the vibration characteristics of the coated YD4203C pointed spindles are significantly improved compared with the uncoated spindles. This study provides the experimental basis for the design and manufacture of spindles with low vibration.
Verletzungen des Acromioclavicular- und Sternoclaviculargelenkes
Authors: Lacheta Lucca , Akgün Doruk , Thiele Kathi , Stöckle Ulrich 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Schlüsselbein mit Akromioklavikulargelenk (ACG) als laterale und Sternoklavikulargelenk (SCG) als mediale Begrenzung bildet die einzige knöcherne Abstützung des gesamten Schultergürtels
und der oberen Extremität hin zum knöchernen Brustkorb. Verletzungen des ACG und SCG können zu Instabilitäten und damit einhergehenden funktionellen Defiziten führen, die sich mit
eingeschränkter Schulterfunktion und/oder Schmerzen äußern können. Darüber hinaus kann es zu ästhetisch störenden Deformitäten kommen mit Pseudo-Schlüsselbeinhochstand (ACG) lateral oder
Schlüsselbeinvorstand (SCG) medial. Die adäquate Diagnostik ist entscheidend zum Erkennen der Pathologie, ihres Schweregrades und der richtigen Therapie. Während sowohl bei ACG als auch SCG
die Gelenkkapsel eine entscheidende Rolle für die Stabilität spielen, wird das ACG zusätzlich durch die korakoklavikulären (CC) Bänder in Position gehalten. Die korrekte Diagnostik und
Therapie von Verletzungen des ACG/SCG wird von Unfallchirurgen und Orthopäden kontrovers diskutiert. Mehrere Operationstechniken sind zur chirurgischen Versorgung publiziert. In den letzten
Jahren hat sich die minimalinvasive arthroskopisch assistierte ACG-Rekonstruktion neben der klassischen Hakenplatte als Goldstandard etabliert. Interventionsbedürftige SCG-Verletzungen
stellen nicht zuletzt aufgrund ihrer exponierten anatomischen Nähe zu den großen thorakalen Gefäßen den Operateur vor besondere Herausforderungen. Im Folgenden soll auf Diagnostik und
Therapie von akuten und chronischen ACG- und SCG-Verletzungen unter Berücksichtigung selektiver Literatur eingegangen werden.
Reliability of Running Economy Measurements: Influence of Shoe
Familiarisation
Authors: Nielsen Anders , Heyde Christian , Simonsen Morten Bilde , Larsen Ryan Godsk , Hansen Rasmus Kopp , Kersting Uwe , Zee M De , Brund René Børge Korsgaard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose was to investigate differences in reliability of running economy
measurements between familiar and unfamiliar shoes. Thirty-seven runners were
included who all ran in familiar and unfamiliar running shoes while running
economy was measured at steady state using a treadmill. Each participant was
tested on two different visits (three sessions in total), with two trials in
each of the three shoe conditions completed at each visit. Coefficient of
variation, standard deviation of differences, and limits of agreement of running
economy were used to quantify the repeatability (within-visit variation) and
reproducibility (between-visit variation). The coefficient of variation showed a
marginal difference in reproducibility across shoe conditions, whereas no
differences were seen in coefficient of variation, standard deviation of the
differences, or limits of agreement for repeatability across shoes. All three
shoe conditions showed greater repeatability than reproducibility for running
economy, and enhanced repeatability at visit 3 compared to visit 2. Our results
indicate that familiarisation to shoes might not be needed for reliable
measurements of running economy. Based on our results, when evaluating benefits
in running shoes we suggest that running economy be assessed within the same
day. Further, our data suggest a beneficial effect of using multiple
familiarisation sessions if small differences between shoe conditions are
expected.
Effects of Moderate Altitude Training Combined with Moderate or
High-altitude Residence
Authors: Usaj Anton , Kapus Jernej , Štrumbelj Boro , Debevec Tadej , Vodičar Janez 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe aimed to identify potential physiological and performance differences of
trained cross-country skiers (V˙o2max=60±4
ml ∙ kg–1 ∙ min–1)
following two, 3-week long altitude modalities: 1) training at moderate
altitudes (600–1700 m) and living at 1500 m (LMTM;N=8); and 2)
training at moderate altitudes (600–1700 m) and living at 1500 m with
additional nocturnal normobaric hypoxic exposures
(FiO2 =0.17;LHTM; N=8). All participants
conducted the same training throughout the altitude training phase and underwent
maximal roller ski trials and submaximal cyclo-ergometery before, during and one
week after the training camps. No exercise performance or hematological
differences were observed between the two modalities. The average roller ski
velocities were increased one week after the training camps following both LMTM
(p=0.03) and LHTM (p=0.04) with no difference between the two
(p=0.68). During the submaximal test, LMTM increased the Tissue
Oxygenation Index (11.5±6.5 to 1.0±8.5%;
p=0.04), decreased the total hemoglobin concentration (15.1±6.5
to 1.7±12.9 a.u.;p=0.02), and increased blood pH
(7.36±0.03 to 7.39±0.03;p=0.03). On the other hand, LHTM
augmented minute ventilation (76±14 to 88±10
l·min−1;p=0.04) and systemic blood oxygen
saturation by 2±1%; (p=0.02) with no such differences
observed following the LMTM. Collectively, despite minor physiological
differences observed between the two tested altitude training modalities both
induced comparable exercise performance modulation.
People in the United States judge the success of individuals from higher- versus lower-income families as less deserving
Authors: Schnurr Benedikt 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExtant research demonstrates that individuals from higher-income families are more likely to become successful than individuals from lower-income families. This research aims at investigating how deserving people judge the same socioeconomic success when that success is achieved by individuals from higher- versus lower-income families. Building on the literature suggesting that people draw diverse inferences about others based on their socioeconomic status, seven preregistered experiments, conducted among participants from the United States, demonstrate that people deem the same socioeconomic success of an individual as less deserving when that individual comes from a higher- versus lower-income family. This difference in success deservingness judgments occurs because, in accomplishing the same success, people judge individuals from higher- versus lower-income families as less self-reliant, even when success can be attributed to individuals’ own effort. Importantly, this discrepancy in judgments of self-reliance and success deservingness has critical behavioral consequences: people prefer to give less support to individuals from higher- versus lower-income families, even when these individuals have experienced the same economic downturn and have accomplished the same career success. Together, these results extend existing research on the consequences of social class stereotypes for individuals and society, contribute to the philosophical and socio-political discourse about the nature of deservingness, and caution against a potentially biased provision of support based on people’s family background.