bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da orientação familiar prestada a usuários de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde no município de Lagarto
Authors: Santos Gilberta Guadalupe de Souza , Santos Marianne Dias dos , Costa Júlia Guimarães Reis da , Albuquerque Tales Iuri Paz e , Teles Claúdia Patricia Souza 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a orientação familiar prestada a usuários de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) localizada no município de Lagarto-SE. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico, transversal e quantitativo realizado com usuários maiores de 18 anos, assistidos pela Unidade Básica de Saúde Dr. Davi Marcos no município de Lagarto, Sergipe. Foram incluídas pessoas acima dos 18 anos, residentes no território área da UBS, que receberam ou estão à procura de atendimento. Foi utilizado o componente de Orientação Familiar do Instrumento Primary Case Assessment Tool (PCATool) – Brasil versão adulto, além da análise de acordo com Critério Brasil proposto pela Associação Brasileira de Empresa de Pesquisa (ABEP). Os testes de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis foram utilizados para verificar a associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas. Resultados: Os dados obtidos refletem um público em sua maioria, mulheres com idade média 56, escolaridade de ensino fundamental, baixa renda e autônomas. Os doentes crônicos representaram 41% da amostra. Quanto à orientação familiar, foi obtido um valor médio de escore de 4,8, classificando-a como insatisfatória, seguindo a mesma classificação ao distinguir entre grupos de doentes e não doentes. Conclusão: O atributo de Orientação Familiar é classificado como insatisfatório no público geral da APS. Além disso, foi visto um público com a maioria mulheres, baixa renda, com ocupação de atividade do lar ou desempregadas. Os doentes crônicos representaram boa parcela da população, e esse grupo foi representado também por mulheres e maiores de 60 anos.
Vulnerable populations in South America and facing the pandemic: what can our experiences reveal to the world?
Authors: Matias Tális Pereira , Imperador Adriana Maria , Botezelli Luciana , Riondet-Costa Daniela Rocha Teixeira , Costa Vívian Ariane de Oliveira , Moreira Letícia de Alcântara 
Published: March 2022

The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic brought an unimaginable health and humanitarian crisis to humanity, in addition to the need to rethink our way of life in society. The objective of this paper was to present data on the evolution of the pandemic in South America and the first confrontation measures adopted by governments, highlight the importance of scientific dissemination and demonstrate how social inequalities, especially in traditional vulnerable communities, can further impact small isolated populations. The exploratory study used secondary data from scientific articles, legal regulations, and informational and/or official communications, in relation to the advance of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the South American continent. The results showed the importance of science in the dissemination of measures to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the need for a prioritization and logistical plan for vaccination and disease prevention in traditional vulnerable communities, and that the lack of access to connectivity, as an alternative to educational actions in a moment of social isolation, can further increase social inequalities. It was concluded that environmental education can directly contribute to the democratization of scientific information, collaborate in the construction of strategies to face the pandemic in South American countries in partnership with Governments and Non-Governmental Organizations, and facilitate the resumption of social and educational activities, seeking the construction of inclusive public policies and environmental justice, besides reducing inequalities.
Avaliação do desempenho de um aerogerador de pequeno porte
Authors: De Grandi Davi José , Siqueira Jair Antonio Cruz , Bohn Carlos , Tokura Luciene Kazue 
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a viabilidade econômica de geração de energia eólica na área urbana de Cascavel – PR, com a finalidade de atender a demanda de uma residência unifamiliar. O experimento foi realizado por meio da coleta e análise de dados de desempenho de uma turbina eólica de pequeno porte da marca Greatwatt, modelo S-600, instalada no Centro de Análise de Sistemas Alternativos (CASA), do campus de Cascavel da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste). Para isso, as informações de produção de energia elétrica da turbina e da energia eólica disponível foram obtidas em ensaio de campo, medindo os valores de velocidade de vento, tensão e corrente elétrica fornecida pela turbina eólica para um conjunto de resistências elétricas que simulam a carga da residência, e foram coletados por um sistema de aquisição de dados constituído por um datalogger Campbell CR1000. Os dados levantados ao final do experimento mostraram uma produção de 1,23 kWh nos 25 dias de coleta perante uma disponibilidade total de 6,6 kWh, resultando num rendimento de 18,7%. Foi realizada, com estes dados, uma análise da viabilidade econômica da implantação do sistema em uma residência na região, concluindo que o sistema ainda é economicamente inviável, pois não chega a cobrir seus custos de implantação ao final de sua vida útil.
Characteristics of Plastic Greenhouse High-Temperature and High-Humidity Events and Their Impacts on Facility Tomatoes Growth
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhang Xinyu , Yang Zaiqiang , Huang Qinqin , Qiu Rangjian 
Published: March 2022

Because of their relatively simple structures, plastic greenhouses in southern China have poor resistance to adverse external weather conditions. Adverse meteorological condition inside the greenhouse is one of the main limiting factors for facility crop production in southern China. Among them, high temperature and high humidity (HTHH) often co-occurred in greenhouses, inducing great losses. Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) are grown under protected environment worldwide. Here, characteristics of HTHH inside plastic greenhouses in southern China were analyzed and tomato was chosen as the sample facility crop to study the effects of HTHH. Daily maximum temperature and average relative humidity (RH) inside plastic greenhouses were simulated using the extreme learning machine (ELM) method to identify HTHH events. The results showed that the plastic greenhouse HTHH events mainly occurred from June to September in southern China, especially in the southernmost region. During 1990 and 2019, the occurrence times and accumulative days of the HTHH events showed a downward trend at 0.3 times/decade and 2.6 days/decade, respectively, which is mainly due to their reduction in July. HTHH affected the growth of tomato, in which high temperature plays a more important role than high RH. Days of flower bud differentiation was more sensitive to HTHH stress than other physiological indexes of tomato. With the increase of the return period of HTHH events, the corresponding losses of physiological indexes of tomato increased, except for the western region, where HTHH events rarely occurred. The results in this study could provide guidance for production and layout of greenhouse-grown tomato, and the research approach can also be applied to other greenhouse-grown crops and meteorological disasters.
Bone Mineral Density Assessment by Quantitative Computed Tomography in Glucocorticoid-Treated Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Linear Mixed-Effects Modeling Approach
Authors: Liu Chuan , Yang Dan-Dan , Zhang Lu , Lei Xian-Gao , Jia Feng-Lin , Liao Yi , Chen Xi-Jian , Ning Gang , Luo Wen , Qu Hai-Bo 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveBoys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are at risk of bone damage and low bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of the study is to examine lumbar BMD values measured by QCT and identify the factors associated with BMD loss using a multilevel mixed-effects model.MethodsLumbar BMD was evaluated by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) at diagnosis, 1 and 2 years follow up in patients with DMD who were treated with GC. Demographic data, functional activity scores (FMSs), laboratory parameters and steroid use were recorded. A multilevel mixed-effects model was used to analyze BMD loss.ResultsNineteen patients with DMD who had a total of sixty complete records between January 2018 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. At baseline, 15.8% of patients (3/19) had low lumbar BMD (Z score ≤ −2), and the mean BMD Z score on QCT was -0.85 (SD 1.32). The mean BMD Z score at 1 and 2 years postbaseline decreased to -1.56 (SD 1.62) and -2.02 (SD 1.36), respectively. In our model, BMD Z score loss was associated with age (β=-0.358, p=0.0003) and FMS (β=-0.454, p=0.031). Cumulative GC exposure and serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, 25(OH)-vitamin D and creatinine kinase did not independently predict BMD loss.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that in DMD patients, lumbar BMD decreased gradually and progressively. Age and FMS are the main contributors to BMD loss in boys with DMD. Early recognition of risk factors associated with BMD loss may facilitate the development of strategies to optimize bone health.
Copy Number Variation Analysis of Euploid Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Gu Chongjuan , Gao Huan , Li Kuanrong , Dai Xinyu , Yang Zhao , Li Ru , Wen Canliang , He Yaojuan 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Copy number variant (CNV) is believed to be the potential genetic cause of pregnancy loss. However, CNVs less than 3 Mb in euploid products of conceptions (POCs) remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the features of CNVs less than 3 Mb in POCs and their potential clinical significance in pregnancy loss/fetal death.Methods: CNV data were extracted from a cohort in our institution and 19 peer-reviewed publications, and only those CNVs less than 3 Mb detected in euploid pregnancy loss/fetal death were included. We conducted a CNV map to analyze the distribution of CNVs in chromosomes using R packages karyoploteR_1.10.5. Gene names and annotated gene types covered by those CNVs were mined from the human Release 19 reference genome file and GENECODE database. We assessed the expression patterns and the consequences of murine knock-out of those genes using TiGER and Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) databases. Functional enrichment and pathway analysis for genes in CNVs were performed using clusterProfiler V3.12.0.Result: Breakpoints of 564 CNVs less than 3 Mb were obtained from 442 euploid POCs, with 349 gains and 185 losses. The CNV map showed that CNVs were distributed in all chromosomes, with the highest frequency detected in chromosome 22 and the lowest frequency in chromosome Y, and CNVs showed a higher density in the pericentromeric and sub-telomeric regions. A total of 5,414 genes mined from the CNV regions (CNVRs), Gene Ontology (GO), and pathway analysis showed that the genes were significantly enriched in multiple terms, especially in sensory perception, membrane region, and tight junction. A total of 995 protein-coding genes have been reported to present mammalian phenotypes in MGI, and 276 of them lead to embryonic lethality or abnormal embryo/placenta in knock-out mouse models. CNV located at 19p13.3 was the most common CNV of all POCs.Conclusion: CNVs less than 3 Mb in euploid POCs distribute unevenly in all chromosomes, and a higher density was seen in the pericentromeric and sub-telomeric regions. The genes in those CNVRs are significantly enriched in biological processes and pathways that are important to embryonic/fetal development. CNV in 19p13.3 and the variations of ARID3A and FSTL3 might contribute to pregnancy loss.
“We Want Good Education for All of Us” – A Participatory Quality Improvement Approach
Authors: Holderried Friederike , Krejci Christine , Holderried Martin , Lammerding-Koeppel Maria , Loda Teresa , Zipfel Stephan , Herrmann-Werner Anne 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionIn ever changing conditions, medical faculties must face the challenge of preparing their medical students as best as possible for the demands of their future work. This requires involving all stakeholders, especially medical students in the constant redefinition of medical curricula. Using the idea of “Communities of Practice” as conceptual framework, this study looks at semester spokespeople as an example for participatory quality management.MethodsWe conducted focus-group interviews with semester spokespeople at a German Medical Faculty. Data was recorded, transcribed, and analysed using MAXQDA. The interviews were analysed using meaning condensation method.ResultsEleven out of 48 semester spokespeople took part. We found seven topics that fell within three main categories: (1) role of the semester spokesperson, (2) role of the fixed meeting, and (3) contact and commitment. Communities of Practice principles could be aligned to topics and categories.DiscussionThe idea of semester spokespeople based on the concept of Communities of Practice are useful in the quality management processes of a medical school and lead to greater involvement of medical students, identifying their needs. The reciprocal commitment among all stakeholders fosters mutual understanding and collaboration. Future studies could investigate the underlying motivational factors of dedicated students and how to transfer these characteristics to a larger cohort.
Identification of Serum Biomarkers Associated With Emergence Agitation After General Anesthesia in Adult Patients: A Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Mi Xinning , Hong Jingshu , Li Zhengqian , Liu Taotao , Wang Qian , Zhou Jiansuo , Li Yitong , Wang Xiaoxiao , Yuan Yi , Yang Ning , Han Yongzheng , Zhou Yang , Guo Xiangyang , Li Yue , Han Dengyang 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundEmergence agitation (EA) is a conscious disturbance after general anesthesia in adult patients that can lead to severe respiratory or circulatory complications and serious physical injury to patients and caregivers. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying EA remain unclear. The present study aimed to identify serum metabolites with significant alterations in EA patients after general anesthesia and enable inferences on their associations with EA.MethodsEA patients were identified by Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) ≥ + 2 among a cohort of adult patients who received elective surgery under general anesthesia in Peking University Third Hospital between 01 June 2020 and 30 December 2020. We further selected sex-, age-, and surgery type-matched non-EA control patients at a 1:1.5 ratio. Postoperative serum samples were collected from both groups of patients. An untargeted metabolic method was used to identify differences in serum metabolomic profiles between the EA patients and the non-EA patients.ResultsA total of 19 EA patients and 32 matched non-EA patients were included in the study. After screening and mapping with a database, 12 metabolites showed significant postoperative alterations in EA patients compared with non-EA patients, and were mainly involved in lipid, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism pathways. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that vanillic acid, candoxatril, tiglylglycine, 5-methoxysalicylic acid, decanoylcarnitine, and 24-epibrassinolide may be involved in EA pathogenesis after general anesthesia.ConclusionIn this study, we found differences in the serum levels of vanillic acid, candoxatril, tiglylglycine, 5-methoxysalicylic acid, decanoylcarnitine, and 24-epibrassinolide involved in fatty acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism pathways in EA patients compared with non-EA patients, which may demonstrate an EA pathogenesis-associated molecular pattern and contribute toward better understanding of EA occurrence.
Longitudinal Changes in Refractive Error Among Preschool Children Aged 1–6 Years: The Changsha Children Eye Study
Authors: You Yuxia , Xu Ming , Song Yali , Zhou Huanfen , Wei Shihui 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo investigate the longitudinal changes in refractive error of preschool children and explore the factors related to these changes and the timing of intervention.MethodsThe refractive data of preschool children aged 1–6 years were collected from 16 community Health Service Centers in Changsha during April 2016 to July 2019 for the retrospective cohort study. The refractive data of each participant was measured with a hand-held vision screener without cycloplegia. A follow-up for all the included participants was performed. The spherical equivalent change was calculated, subsequently, an analysis of risk factors related to the change was performed.ResultsFour thousand nine hundred twenty-one cases were included in the study with the follow-up for 1–2 years. The refractive status was found smoothly changed in 67.8% of children. The overall initial SE was 0.62 ± 1.13 D, and the average SE change was −0.20 ± 1.23 D per year. However, profound myopic shift was observed in 32.2% of children. The change of SE in 3-year-old group is most overt. The proportions of 1–6 years old who showed moderate and severe myopic shift (SE change ≥–1.00 D) were 21.6, 18.9, 28.2, 25.5, 13.4, and 10%, respectively. At the first visit, the younger children with greater hyperopic state exhibited more noticeable myopic shift, no significant difference was found in gender.ConclusionThe shift from hyperopia to myopia in preschool children is smooth, with −0.20D change on average per year. We suggest that an optometry screening should start at 3-year-old to track children's refractive status. We recommend that preschool children whose SE changes more than −1.00 D per year go to the ophthalmology department for further examination. Our study also found that at the first visit, the younger the child is and the more positive initial SE is, the degree of shift of myopia is greater.
IL-17 Producing Lymphocytes Cause Dry Eye and Corneal Disease With Aging in RXRα Mutant Mouse
Authors: Alam Jehan , Yazdanpanah Ghasem , Ratnapriya Rinki , Borcherding Nicholas , de Paiva Cintia S. , Li DeQuan , Guimaraes de Souza Rodrigo , Yu Zhiyuan , Pflugfelder Stephen C. 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo investigate IL-17 related mechanisms for developing dry eye disease in the Pinkie mouse strain with a loss of function RXRα mutation.MethodsMeasures of dry eye disease were assessed in the cornea and conjunctiva. Expression profiling was performed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to compare gene expression in conjunctival immune cells. Conjunctival immune cells were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The activity of RXRα ligand 9-cis retinoic acid (RA) was evaluated in cultured monocytes and γδ T cells.ResultsCompared to wild type (WT) C57BL/6, Pinkie has increased signs of dry eye disease, including decreased tear volume, corneal barrier disruption, corneal/conjunctival cornification and goblet cell loss, and corneal vascularization, opacification, and ulceration with aging. ScRNA-seq of conjunctival immune cells identified γδ T cells as the predominant IL-17 expressing population in both strains and there is a 4-fold increased percentage of γδ T cells in Pinkie. Compared to WT, IL-17a, and IL-17f significantly increased in Pinkie with conventional T cells and γδ T cells as the major producers. Flow cytometry revealed an increased number of IL-17+γδ T cells in Pinkie. Tear concentration of the IL-17 inducer IL-23 is significantly higher in Pinkie. 9-cis RA treatment suppresses stimulated IL-17 production by γδ T and stimulatory activity of monocyte supernatant on γδ T cell IL-17 production. Compared to WT bone marrow chimeras, Pinkie chimeras have increased IL-17+γδ T cells in the conjunctiva after desiccating stress and anti-IL-17 treatment suppresses dry eye induced corneal MMP-9 production/activity and conjunctival goblet cell loss.ConclusionThese findings indicate that RXRα suppresses generation of dry eye disease-inducing IL-17 producing lymphocytes s in the conjunctiva and identifies RXRα as a potential therapeutic target in dry eye.
A Novel Noninvasive Diagnostic Model of HBV-Related Inflammation in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection Patients With Concurrent Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Tao Xuemei , Chen Lin , Zhao Youfei , Liu Yonggang , Shi Ruifang , Jiang Bei , Mi Yuqiang , Xu Liang 
Published: March 2022

Background and AimsPatients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CBI) with concurrent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice, and it is quite important to identify the etiology when hepatitis occurs. A noninvasive diagnostic model was constructed to identify patients who need antihepatitis B virus (HBV) therapies [histologic activity index (HAI) ≥ 4] in patients with CBI with concurrent NAFLD by analyzing clinical routine parameters.Approach and ResultsIn total, 303 out of 502 patients with CBI with concurrent NAFLD proven by liver biopsy from January 2017 to December 2020 in the Tianjin Second People's Hospital were enrolled and they were divided into the HBV-related inflammation (HBV-I) group (HAI ≥ 4,176 cases) and the non-HBV-I group (HAI &lt; 4,127 cases) according to hepatic pathology. The univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed on the two groups of patients, and then the HBV-I model of patients with CBI with concurrent NAFLD was constructed. The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) were used to evaluate the parameters of the regression formula. Another 115 patients with CBI with concurrent NAFLD proven by liver biopsy from January 2021 to January 2022 were enrolled as the validation group. There were some statistical differences in demographic data, biochemical indicators, immune function, thyroid function, virology indicator, and blood routine indicators between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in the HBV-I group was significantly higher than those in the non-HBV-I group (P &lt; 0.05). While controlled attenuation parameters (CAP) in the HBV-I group were lower than those in the non-HBV-I group (P &lt; 0.05); (2) We developed a novel model by logistic regression analysis: HBV-I = −0.020 × CAP + 0.424 × LSM + 0.376 × lg (HBV DNA) + 0.049 × aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the accuracy rate was 82.5%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) is 0.907, the cutoff value is 0.671, the sensitivity is 89.30%, the specificity is 77.80%, the positive predictive value is 90.34%, and the negative predictive value is 81.89%; (3) The AUROC of HBV-I in the validation group was 0.871 and the overall accuracy rate is 86.96%.ConclusionOur novel model HBV-I [combining CAP, LSM, lg (HBV DNA), and AST] shows promising utility for predicting HBV-I in patients with CBI with concurrent NAFLD with high sensitivity, accuracy, and repeatability, which may contribute to clinical application.