bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of MGMT promoter methylation status changes by pyrosequencing in recurrent glioblastoma
Authors: Jiménez Víctor González , Doval Marta Brell , Bellvert Cristina Gómez , Domínguez Javier Ibáñez , Goliney Víctor , Asencio Osman Salazar , Martín Adriana Gómez 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
MGMT promoter methylation status can change in response to several factors, including treatment with alkylating agents. Some authors have attempted to quantify these alterations with inconsistent results. This study aims to determine changes in MGMT promoter methylation status by pyrosequencing, which quantitatively yields results, providing percentages of methylation of a given CpG dinucleotide in a cohort of patients reoperated for recurrent glioblastoma and having previously completed the Stupp protocol.
Methods
A total of 25 pairs of glioblastoma preselected tumor samples were retrospectively analyzed using conventional DNA extraction techniques, bisulfite conversion, and PCR amplification of the MGMT promoter gene. Methylation status was obtained using pyrosequencing of 4 CpG dinucleotides within the enhancer region of the MGMT promoter gene and depicted as percentages or categories (hypermethylated, intermediate methylation, unmethylated). Matched samples were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and the log-rank test was employed to establish a correlation between survival data and methylation status.
Results
Median value of MGMT promoter methylation status declined after adjuvant treatment from 22.25–16.15%. (p = 0.872). A correlation without statistical significance between methylation in primary samples and OS was found (p = 0.102). Lower degrees of association were obtained when studying primary methylation and PFS (p = 0.187). Intermediate methylation status at recurrence was more linked to PPS (p = 0.03)
Conclusions
Switching in both directions was observed when analyzing methylation status as a continuous variable. These data suggest that the dynamics of epigenetics may be very complex and not entirely explained by clonal selection or tumor heterogeneity.
The pre-analytical process management status and influencing factors of laboratory test before prescribing antimicrobial in developing country
Authors: Zheng Feiyang , Wang Kang , Wang Qianning , Yu Tiantian , Zhang Xinping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction：The results of laboratory testing are crucial basis for clinicians to prescribe antimicrobial. Laboratory testing is a highly complex process, and increasing evidence suggests that errors and obstacles in the pre-analytical process (PP) will affect reasonable antimicrobial use. However, PP was an easily neglected link in hospital infection management and the current situation of it and the influencing factors of management are not clear.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the department of clinical, specimen collection, transportation, and inspection in 109 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Central China. The rate of antimicrobial susceptibility test request (AST) and related indexes of above departments were calculated to describe the situation. Management characteristics (frequency of training etc.) were described as proportions and fractional probit regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors.Results: The average rate of non restricted-use antimicrobial was 63%, the restricted-use was 86%, the special-use was 95%. The zero obstacle rate of specimen collection was 27.3%, of specimen transportation was 19.4% and of inspection feedback was 61.7%. There was a difference between the secondary and tertiary hospitals on non restricted-use (X2=22.968, P<0.001); restricted-use (X2=29.466, P<0.001); special-use (X2=27.317, P<0.001). Taking non restricted-use as an example, training (95%CI 0.148,0.429), low-frequency appraisal (95%CI 0.082,0.224), guidance (95%CI 0.237,0.403) and information technology (95%CI 0.009,0.199) were positive factors.Conclusions: There were substantial differences in the rate of AST request in clinical department between secondary and tertiary hospitals. The zero obstacle rate in collection, transportation and inspection department were still low. In most departments, training and performance appraisal were positive factors, guidance and information technology were positive supporting factors.
Proteomic analysis of the spineless cuttlefish Sepiella japonica: exploratory analyses on the phenomenon of death after spawning
Authors: Li Hongfei , Lin Shuangrui , Qi Pengzhi , Guo Baoying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To better understand the physiological events involving death after spawning in S. japonica (Japanese spineless cuttlefish), we have presently generated a proteomic data set to properly examine this phenomenon. As such, a proteomic-based approach was employed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the optic glands of S. japonica, at three distinct growth stages: pre-spawning after sexual maturity (group A); spawning (group B) and postspawning before death (group C). About 955, 1000, and 1024 DEPs were identified for each comparative group analysis (i.e., group B vs A, group B vs C, and group C vs A). We further discovered that the function of these newly identified DEPs was mostly related to molecular events such as gene translation and signal transduction. According to the enriched GO terms obtained by Gene Ontology analysis, the function of most DEPs was correlated with structural molecule activity, ribosome function and gene expression. The majority of DEPs were known to be involved in signal transduction and energy metabolism, interestingly, some aging-related DEPs were also identified. Putting together, our study provides new insights, at the protein level, in the phenomenon of death after spawning in S. japonica, by refering to anti-aging effects conserved in other cephalopoda species.
DMRT2 gene polymorphisms is associated with the coronary artery disease in Han population in Xinjiang, China
Authors: li huayin , Tao Jing , Abuzhalihan Jialin , Ma YiTong , Fu ZhenYan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
DMRT2 gene plays a significant role in human gonad and skeletal muscle, as well as affecting human immune, inflammatory and metabolic pathways. The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DMRT2 gene and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Xinjiang Han population.
Methods
We designed a case–control study including 1092 participants (male: 533; female: 559); Among them, 542 patients with CAD and 550 normal coronary angiographies. We used the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction(iMLDR) method, we genotyped two SNPs (rs12350001 and rs7856817) of DMRT2 gene in all subjects.
Results
We found that the dominant model (A/A vs A/G + G/G) and over-dominant model (G/G + A/A vs A/G) of rs12350001 were significantly different between CAD patients and the controls (P = 0.003, P = 0.002 and P = 0.007, respectively). The dominant model (G/G vs G/A + A/A) of rs7856817 were significantly different between CAD and controls (P = 0.031 and P = 0.029, respectively). The rs12350001 G allele was associated with a significantly elevated CAD risk [AG/GG vs AA: odds ratio (OR) = 1.870, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.237–2.824, P = 0.003], and the rs7856817 A allele was associated with a significantly elevated CAD risk [GA/AA vs GG: odds ratio (OR) = 2.062, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.353–3.142, P < 0.001]. After adjustment for confounders, the TG and LDL-C levels were significantly higher in rs12350001 AG/GG genotypes than that in AA genotypes (P < 0.05). The TG levels were significantly higher in rs7856817 GA/AA genotypes than that in GG genotypes (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Rs12350001 and rs7856817 of DMRT2 gene are associated with CAD in Han subjects. Subjects with G allele of rs12350001 or A allele of rs7856817 were associated with an increased risk of CAD.
Analysis of NITI AAYOG (National Institution for Transforming India) health index report on the ranking of states and union territories: Round 2 (2015 – 2016/ 2017-2018)-V2
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Anupama Advocate 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
India has committed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for Goal 3 of SDGs which is about ensuring healthy lives with promoting well-being for all. National Institution for Transforming India- (NITI) Aayog had started the State Health Index initiative for ranking, comparing, states and UTs for achieving desirable health outcomes. The key objective of NITI Aayog is to track development on health, to develop healthy competition and cross learning among states and UTs. Health Index Scores and rankings are generated to assess Incremental Performance (year-to-year progress) and Overall Performance of state/UT of India for achievement of health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as Universal Health Coverage (UHC). This novel study second was a cross-sectional retrospective observational study. The Health Index consists of a set of indicators in the domains of Health Outcomes, Governance and Information, and Key Inputs/Processes. Health Outcomes are assigned the highest weight in this study; indicators were selected on the basis of their importance and availability of reliable data at least annually from pre- existing data sources such as the Sample Registration System (SRS), Civil Registration System (CRS) and Health Management Information Systems (HMIS). Data on indicators is included for Index calculations only after validation by the IVA.
Changes in serum creatinine may cause hypoglycemia among non-critically ill patients admitted to internal medicine units
Authors: Zingerman Boris , Khanimov Israel , Shimonov Mordechai , Boaz Mona , Rozen-Zvi Benaya , Leibovitz Eyal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The association between changes in serum creatinine levels and hypoglycemia during hospitalization was investigated. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of medical charts. Patients were categorized as having significant change in creatinine (SCIC) when serum creatinine levels rose or dropped ≥0.3 mg/dL from admission values, at any time during their hospitalization. Patients were considered hypoglycemic if they had at least one documented glucose level ≤70 mg/dL during the hospitalization. Multiple logistic, linear and Cox regression analyses were used to ascertain the association between incident SCIC, severity and timing with incident hypoglycemia. Results: Included were 25,400 (mean age 69.9 ± 18.0, 49.3% were males). Rate of SCIC was 22.2%, and 62.2% of them were diagnosed upon admission. Patients with SCIC had higher incidence of hypoglycemia compared to patients without (13.1% vs 4.1%, respectively, p< 0.001). Patients with SCIC had increased risk of hypoglycemia (OR 1.853, 95% CI 1.586-2.166, p<0.001). The magnitude of SCIC was associated with the incidence (OR 1.316, 95% CI 1.197-1.447, p<0.001) and number of events (HR 0.054, 95% CI 0.021-0.087, p=0.001). More than 60% of patients with hypoglycemia had their first event documented during days 0-6 after SCIC occurrence. Of those, the majority of events occurred on day 0-1, and the rate showed a gradual decrease throughout the first 5 days from SCIC occurrence. Results were similar for patients with and without DM. Conclusion: Changes in creatinine during hospitalization may cause hypoglycemia among patients admitted to internal medicine departments, regardless of DM status.
Lipidomics profiling to reveal the restorative effect of moisturizer in OICD patients
Authors: Fan Ke-liang , Mao Zhen-Xing , Wang Jia , Xu Qing-qing , Liu PengLing , Wang Juan , Wei Dan Dan , Wang Chong-Jian , Yan Lei , Chen Yuanyuan , Zhou Lihong , Yuan Chao , Chen Tian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Occupational irritant contact dermatitis (OICD) commonly manifests skin barrier function disrupted. The composition of the skin surface lipids (SSLs) determined the skin barrier function. This study aims to evaluated the repair effect of moisturizer on the skin barrier function of OICD patients and lipidomic tools were used to explore potential repair mechanisms.Methods: A before-after in the same patient study of real-world during December 2019 in Zhengzhou, China. 15 shampoo workers insisted on using moisturizer (2g each time, about 10 times a day) in their back of hands during work breaks. SSLs as main outcome, skin moisture content and trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) as secondary outcome were used to evaluate alteration of skin barrier function at different research stages.Results: After using moisturizer for 2 weeks, skin moisture increased significantly (p<0.001) and TEWL decreased. A total of 635 SSLs were detected and classified into 5 main classes. The relative abundance of all lipids increased. Long-chain fatty acid (FA), glycerolipids (mainly triglyceride), cholesterol lipids as main lipids species were repaired for 1-week intervention. Glycerophospholipids as the main lipid was repaired for 2 weeks intervention. Conclusion: Moisturizer could be used as effective interventions to increase SSLs and repair skin barrier function to a certain extent in OICD patients.Trial registration: This study was reviewed and approved by the Zhengzhou University's Life Science Ethics Review Committee and Registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ID: ChiCTR2000034103). Informed consent to participates were obtained before enrollment.
Cybercrime, a global and severe transnational problem in UAE and Globally – A Comparative Study
Authors: Alwasmi Muna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The approach of the web has significantly affected with current active features, making people and organizations immobilized against being focused on by cybercriminal movement. Cybercrime rates are increasing globally, and the outcomes of this include damage financially and in reputation, privacy loss, and intellectual property breaches. The UAE has become a chief target of cybercriminal activity due to the higher economic activity level and tourism. The present study aims to deliver a comparative study concerning cybercriminal activities and the controlling measures in the UAE and other parts of the world. The study looked, best practices and how organizations may adapt by establishing realistic and acceptable security policies to manage various security risks effectively. The study showed a relative difference between the cybercriminal activity in the UAE and globally. However, it is noted that cybercrimes have been rise, and governments are introducing newer policies, reforms, and measures for all cybercriminal activity.
The impact of greenhouse gas and ozone forcing on the Southern Hemisphere climate system
Authors: Daher Houraa , Kirtman Ben P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change in the Southern Hemisphere is driven by two forces, the greenhouse gas emissions (CO2) and the stratospheric ozone levels. In the past, the combination of increasing greenhouse gas emissions and ozone depletion over Antarctica worked together leading to an increase in sea surface temperatures and a poleward shift of the storm tracks. With the ozone expected to recover by mid-century, however, the greenhouse gas and ozone forces will oppose each other, and the changes observed previously will begin to weaken or reverse. The role the greenhouse gases and the ozone recovery play in the Southern Hemisphere climate system is examined using Community Climate System Model, version 4 coupled ocean eddy-parameterized and eddy-resolving simulations. The greenhouse gas emissions and ozone levels are specified independently to represent two extremes, peak greenhouse gas emissions and a recovered ozone. In the eddy-parameterized simulations, the ozone recovery signal is found to be stronger on average. In the case of the eddy-resolving simulations, however, the increase in greenhouse gases is stronger especially in eddy-rich regions like western boundary current regions and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, as the eddy-resolving simulations are able to resolve a more accurate eddy field in these highly active regions.
Association between tear meniscus dimensions and higher-order aberrations in patients with surgically treated lacrimal passage obstruction
Authors: Taniguchi Aya , Yunoki Tatsuya , Oiwake Toshihiko , Hayashi Atsushi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the relationship between tear meniscus dimensions and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in patients with lacrimal passage obstruction using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).Methods：This study was a retrospective observational study of 71 eyes of 49 patients with lacrimal passage obstruction. These patients received sheath-guided dacryoendoscopic probing and bicanalicular intubation (SG-BCI) at Toyama University Hospital between August 2020 and October 2021. Using AS-OCT, tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus area (TMA), and total higher-order aberration (HOA) values were measured before and after surgery. Results：Surgical success was achieved in 69 eyes (97.1%). At the final observation, 62 eyes showed lacrimal patency (89.8%). The preoperative TMH, TMA, and HOA values were 1.55 ± 0.96 mm, 0.11 ± 0.14 mm2, and 0.37 ± 0.27 µm, respectively, and the final postoperative TMH, TMA, and HOA values were 0.97 ± 0.74 mm (p<0.0001), 0.06 ± 0.11 mm2 (p=0.02), and 0.29 ± 0.16 µm (p=0.001), respectively. The results showed a significant improvement. The changes in HOAs before and after surgery were positively correlated with the changes in TMH (r = 0.3476, p = 0.0241) and TMA (r = 0.3653, p = 0.0174).Conclusion：SG-BCI for lacrimal passage obstruction resulted in a significant decrease in measured HOAs. The decrease in HOAs was correlated with decreases in tear meniscus dimensions.
The application of an age adjusted D-dimer threshold to rule out suspected venous thromboembolism (VTE) in an emergency department setting: A retrospective diagnostic cohort study
Authors: Barrett Liam , Jones Tom , Horner Daniel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundVenous Thromboembolic disease (VTE) poses a diagnostic challenge for clinicians in acute care. Over reliance on reference standard investigations can lead to over treatment and potential harm. We sought to evaluate the pragmatic performance and implications of using an age adjusted d-dimer (AADD) strategy to rule out VTE in patients with suspected disease attending an emergency department setting. We aimed to determine diagnostic test characteristics and assess whether this strategy would result in proportional imaging reduction and potential cost savings.MethodsDesign: Single centre retrospective diagnostic cohort studyAll patients >50 years old evaluated for possible VTE who presented to the ED over a consecutive 12-month period between January and December 2016 with a positive D-dimer result. Clinical assessment records and reference standard imaging results were followed up by multiple independent adjudicators and coded as VTE positive or negative. ResultsDuring the study period, there were 2132 positive D-dimer results. 1236 patients received reference standard investigations. A total increase of 314/1236 (25.1%) results would have been coded as true negatives as opposed to false positive if the AADD cut off point had been applied, with 314 reference standard tests subsequently avoided. The AADD cut off had comparable sensitivity to the current cut off despite this increase in specificity; sensitivities for the diagnosis of DVT were 99.28% (95% CI 96.06-99.98%) and 97.72% for PE (95% CI 91.94% to 97.72). There were 3 potential false negative results using the AADD strategy.ConclusionsIn patients with suspected VTE with a low or moderate pre-test probability, the application of AADD appears to increase the proportion of patients in which VTE can be excluded without the need for reference standard imaging. This management strategy is likely to be associated with substantial reduction in anticoagulation treatment, investigations and cost/time savings.
Evidence-based analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 furin site origin
Authors: Romeu Antonio R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The origin of the SARS-CoV-2 is still unclear. Simply said, its emergence is due to the acquisitionof the polybasic furin cleavage site on the S protein in one of its closest relatives. The recentdiscovery in Laos of bat Rhinolophus coronaviruses that contain receptor binding domains almostidentical to that of SARS-CoV-2, and despite not having the furin site, they can therefore infecthuman cells (1), is the cornerstone to identify the SARS-CoV-2 progenitor. However, it is not yetknown where the insertion of the furin site at the S1/S2 junction in the S protein of the pandemicvirus came from. Not only from where, but also how and when of such acquisition. The mostsurprising was: (i) that the polybasic furin cleavage site is unique to SARS-CoV-2 amongSarbecovirus (2), and (ii) that the inserted four amino acid motif has a CGG-CGG encoded argininepair which is rare in coronaviruses (3). So, my question is if the SARS-CoV-2 insert in the S geneinsert would match to human transcripts. Here, I address this issue by using NCBI and GISAIDdatabases, the NCBI Human Genome Resources, sequence analysis tools and in-house developedbioinformatic tools. I found that the 12-nucleotide insert encoding SARS-CoV-2 furin site 100%match to several human transcripts. Taken together the presence of these human transcripts and theexpression patterns their genes, results provide insight into human potential recombination link toSARS-CoV-2 furin cleavage site, during undetected human-to-human virus transmission. OtherPRRA-like insertions in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are shown.