bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Stability Indicating Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Dolutegravir and Lamivudine in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Patel Khushboo , Shah Ujashkumar , Patel Darshak , Patel Jayvadan K. , Patel Tejas B. 
Published: January 2022

Aims: Dolutegravir (DVR) and Lamivudine (LMN) is anti-viral drug combination used in treatment of HIV-I infection. FDA approved dosage regime for DVR and LMN is 50mg and 300mg respectively. The aim of present research work is to develop and validate a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous estimation of DVR and LMN in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Further the stability indicating nature of method has been evaluated.
Methodology: A chromatographic separation was achieved on Hypersil BDS C18, 250 × 4.6 mm 3.5 μm particle size, column as stationary phase and mobile phase composed of Phosphate Buffer pH 3.0: Acetonitrile (60:40%V/V) with flow rate of 1.5mL/min with 20µL injection volume. The analytes were estimated at 232nm using PDA detector. The DVR and LMN solutions were exposed to various forced degradation stress conditions to evaluate the stability behavior of the product. The method was also validated as per ICH Guideline (Q2R).
Results: The retention time for DVR and LMN was found 3.94 and 2.62 min, respectively. The developed method was found linear within concentration range of 27.5 to 82.5 μg/ml (50-150%) for DVR and 167.5 to 502.5 μg/ml (50-150%) for LMN. The% recovery (Accuracy) was found between 99.50%-101.23% and 100.09%-101.51% for DVR and LMN respectively in range of 50-150% for both drugs. The%RSD for the accuracy at all levels was less than 2.0%. LOD and LOQ, for DVR were found to 0.669 and 2.028 μg/mL, respectively, and for LMN 0.102 and 0.308 μg/mL, respectively.
Conclusion: The developed RP-HPLC method indicates no interference from the excipients and degradants peaks. All the degradant peaks were having been efficiently resolved through the use of the evolved analytical method with changed retention times. The results obtained were statistically analyzed and meet the acceptance criteria as specified in ICH Q2R1 guideline. Hence, developed method can be successfully applied for the analysis of estimation of DVR and LMN in bulk as well as pharmaceutical dosage form.
Efficacy of Mindfulness Meditation on Emotional Maturity of Mothers of Cerebral Palsy Children
Authors: Wane Madhuri , Telang Priyanka , Kulkarni Chaitanya A. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder of movement that is seen in early childhood. Children with CP sometimes are not able to walk, sit, crawl, or rollover, as early as other kids of their age. This study aims to find the impact of mindfulness meditation on the emotional maturity of mothers of cerebral palsy children.
Methods: We did this research at Acharya Vinoba BhaveRural Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, we included 50 mothers of children of cerebral palsy visiting at Paediatric therapy unit at Ravi Nair physiotherapy college, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha. The Purposive Sampling Method was used and the study duration was 6 months. We used variables such as age, educational status, occupational status, income, marital status, region, and emotional maturity scale questionnaire.
Results: The research analysis revealed a high degree of emotional immaturity in the mothers of children with CP from the rural population. 4% of the women were emotionally immature and 96% of them had an extremely immature type of EMS. After giving intervention there was an improvement and the EMS score at 12 weeks was 2% were emotionally immature and 48% were extremely emotionally immature at 24 weeks 0 % were emotionally immature and 24% were extremely emotionally immature.
Conclusion: Education has a marked effect on people. Mental health training is among the most efficient way of controlling emotional debility and making mothers emotionally strong and preventing social harm. This research looked at the impact of mindfulness meditation on the mental health of mothers of cerebral palsy children.
Laparoscopic Resection for Lymphangioma Originating From Small Intestine: A Case Report
Authors: Imamura Hiroki , Hirose Hajime , Yoshioka Shinichi , Mokutani Yukako , Takeda Masashi , Kidogami Shinya , Kishimoto Tomoya , Hashimoto Yasuji , Kawada Junji , Tamura Shigeyuki , Sasaki Yo 
Published: January 2022

Background
Lymphangioma originating from the small intestinal wall is a very rare finding. There have been only 15 case reports on the disease. Here, we report a case of lymphangioma in the small intestine that was resected laparoscopically. We also provide a literature review.

Case Presentation
A 37-year-old man came to our hospital with a chief complaint of abdominal pain. Physical examination showed mild tenderness in the lower abdomen, but rebound tenderness or guarding was absent. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed local poor enhancement in distal ileum, suggesting the possibility of mucous necrosis. Conservative therapy was started. On the eighth hospital day, although his abdominal symptoms improved, a follow-up computed tomography scan showed no improvement in the distal ileum lesion. Laparoscopic tumor resection was performed. The patient's postoperative course was unremarkable, and he was discharged on postoperative day 7. The pathologic result of the surgical specimen was lymphangioma of the ileum. The patient is still alive with no sign of recurrence 19 months after surgery.

Conclusion
Lymphangioma originating in the small intestinal wall is a very rare disease. Laparoscopic resection seems to be a preferable method for surgery.
Hartmann's Reversal Through Transanal Hand-Sewn Anastomosis With Rectal Mucosectomy for a Challenging Case: Case Report
Authors: Park Byung-Soo , Cho Sung Hwan , Jung Hyuk Jae , Son Gyung Mo , Kim Hyun Sung 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
Despite the advances in surgical techniques, Hartmann's reversal is often considered a difficult procedure, and the stoma cannot be restored in up to 40% of the cases. We report a patient with a challenging case of severe dense adhesions and a short rectal stump who recovered successfully after undergoing Hartmann's reversal through rectal mucosectomy and transanal hand-sewn anastomosis.

Case presentation
A 39-year-old man had multiple bowel injuries, including rectum, bladder, and ureter laceration, due to a stab wound. He underwent Hartmann's procedure with a short rectal stump. One year and 9 months later, Hartmann's reversal was performed. In the operative field, severe dense adhesions were observed in the pelvic cavity. Therefore, complications, including fistula, were likely to occur. Thus, we minimized the dissection around the rectal stump and avoided stapled anastomosis. Proctotomy was performed behind the rectal stump, and the proximal colon was inserted into the rectum. Rectal mucosectomy was performed for the rectum above the expected anastomosis site. Colorectal hand-sewn anastomosis was performed on the rectum, 3 cm from the anal verge. The patient recovered well after the surgery, and has remained healthy, without any discomfort, except for frequent defecation.

Conclusion
Rectal mucosectomy and transanal hand-sewn anastomosis were performed in a complex case of Hartmann's reversal, resulting in the patient's successful recovery without complications. This study recommends the preceding surgical technique for similar cases.
An Acetylcholine M1 Receptor–Positive Allosteric Modulator (TAK-071) in Parkinson Disease With Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Shanbhag Niraj M. , Padmanabhan Jaya L. , Zhang Zheng , Harel Brian T. , Jia Hongxia , Kangarloo Tairmae , Yin Wei , Dowling Ariel V. , Laurenza Antonio , Khudyakov Polyna , Galinsky Kevin , Latzman Robert D. , Simuni Tanya , Weintraub Daniel , Horak Fay B. , Lustig Cindy , Maruff Paul , Simen Arthur A. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceFall risk and cognitive impairment are prevalent and burdensome in Parkinson disease (PD), requiring efficacious, well-tolerated treatment.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of TAK-071, a muscarinic acetylcholine M1 positive allosteric modulator, in participants with PD, increased fall risk, and cognitive impairment.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis phase 2 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial was conducted from October 21, 2020, to February 27, 2023, at 19 sites in the US. Participants included patients aged 40 to 85 years with a diagnosis of PD, with at least 1 fall in the prior 12 months, with a Montreal Cognitive Assessment score of 11 to 26, and receiving stable antiparkinsonian medications and no acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.InterventionOne-to-one randomization to once-daily oral TAK-071 or placebo for 6 weeks, followed by washout and 6 weeks of crossover treatment.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was change from baseline in gait variability (stride time variability [STV]) during a 2-minute walk test with or without cognitive load. The secondary efficacy end point was change from baseline in a cognitive composite score consisting of tests of attention, executive function, and memory.ResultsAmong the 54 participants included in the analysis, 45 (83%) were male, mean (SD) age was 69.7 (6.9) years, and median Montreal Cognitive Assessment score was 24 (range, 17-26). After 6 weeks of treatment, the primary outcome was negative: the change from baseline in STV did not differ between participants receiving TAK-071 or placebo, with cognitive load (geometric mean ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.94-1.41; P = .16) or without cognitive load (geometric mean ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.88-1.18; P = .78). TAK-071 improved the secondary efficacy outcome (cognitive composite score) vs placebo. The least squares mean difference of the change from baseline was 0.22 (95% CI, 0.05-0.38; P = .01). Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 18 of 49 participants (37%) while receiving placebo and in 19 of 53 (36%) while receiving TAK-071. Four participants (8%) receiving TAK-071 had adverse events resulting in withdrawal of study drug; 4 had gastrointestinal tract adverse events.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, in participants with PD, risk for falls, and cognitive impairment, TAK-071 was well-tolerated. The treatment did not improve the primary outcome of gait variability, but did improve cognition compared with placebo. Larger and longer studies in more diverse populations are needed to better understand the safety and efficacy of TAK-071 in broader populations.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04334317
Cardiovascular Safety of Anti-CGRP Monoclonal Antibodies in Older Adults or Adults With Disability With Migraine
Authors: Yang Seonkyeong , Orlova Yulia , Park Haesuk , Smith Steven M. , Guo Yi , Chapin Benjamin A. , Wilson Debbie L. , Lo-Ciganic Wei-Hsuan 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor (anti-CGRP mAbs) offer effective migraine-specific preventive treatment. However, concerns exist about their potential cardiovascular risks due to CGRP blockade.ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) between Medicare beneficiaries with migraine who initiated anti-CGRP-mAbs vs onabotulinumtoxinA in the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective, sequential cohort study was conducted among a nationally representative population-based sample of Medicare claims from May 2018 through December 2020. Data analysis was performed from August to December 2023. This study included fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries aged 18 years or older with migraine who initiated either anti-CGRP mAbs or onabotulinumtoxinA. Beneficiaries who had a history of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, cluster headache, malignant cancer, or hospice service within a 1-year baseline period prior to treatment initiation were excluded. To minimize channeling bias from new drug introductions and time-related bias due to the COVID-19 pandemic, 5 cohorts were established, representing sequential 6-month calendar intervals based on the initial prescription or date of index anti-CGRP mAbs or onabotulinumtoxinA use.ExposureAnti-CGRP mAbs vs onabotulinumtoxinA.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was time to first MI or stroke. Secondary outcomes included hypertensive crisis, peripheral revascularization, and Raynaud phenomenon. The inverse probability of treatment-weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare outcomes between the 2 treatment groups.ResultsAmong 266 848 eligible patients with migraine, 5153 patients initiated anti-CGRP mAbs (mean [SD] age, 57.8 [14.0] years; 4308 female patients [83.6%]) and 4000 patients initiated onabotulinumtoxinA (mean [SD] age, 61.9 [13.7] years; 3353 female patients [83.8%]). Use of anti-CGRP mAbs was not associated with an increased risk of composite CVD events (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.44-1.77), hypertensive crisis (aHR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.14-1.55), peripheral revascularization (aHR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.48-4.73), or Raynaud phenomenon (aHR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.45-1.24) compared with onabotulinumtoxinA. Subgroup analyses by age group and presence of established non-MI or stroke CVD showed similar findings.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, despite initial concerns regarding the cardiovascular effects of CGRP blockade, anti-CGRP mAbs were not associated with an increased risk of CVD compared with onabotulinumtoxinA among adult Medicare beneficiaries with migraine, who were predominantly older adults or individuals with disability. Future studies with longer follow-up periods and in other populations are needed to confirm these findings.
Density‐dependent responses of moose to hunting and landscape change
Authors: Hessami Mateen , Serrouya Robert , Lamb Clayton T. , Dickie Melanie , Ford Adam T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In many areas of the boreal forests and temperate mountains of Canada, resource extraction activities have created forage conditions that are favourable to the growth of moose (Alces alces) populations. In turn, these increased moose populations buoy the abundance of wolves (Canis lupus), which then have negative impacts on caribou (Rangifer tarandus) populations. Consequently, caribou have been declining where increased resource extraction, moose, and wolves occur.

To abate unsustainable predation pressure on caribou by wolves, the moose hunting quota was expanded for 17 years to reduce and then stabilize the moose population in the Revelstoke Valley, British Columbia, Canada. However, a reduction in forestry activity paired with habitat protections slowed the early seral conditions that favour moose. Consequently, both hunter‐caused mortality and habitat loss may have been contributing to observed moose declines that occurred during this period.

Within this changing regulatory and biophysical landscape, we sought to address two research objectives. First, we evaluated how increasing the moose hunting quota influenced the total yield of harvested animals. We expected that density‐dependent responses by the moose population would bolster the number of harvestable animals on the landscape. Second, we tested how different forest harvest scenarios might influence moose habitat, wolf densities, and thus caribou population growth rates into future decades.

We used data from moose GPS collars (39 individuals), eight aerial population surveys, hunter harvest statistics, estimates of carrying capacity thresholds, and forest harvest records. The latter data series spanned 1961–2020 and informed the resource selection function and calculations for our first research objective as well as the predictive modelling for our second research objective.

Between 2003 and 2020, we found that the habitat amounts for moose declined by 44.8%. There were 42% more moose harvested under increased moose hunting quotas than were projected to be harvested under a simulated status quo quota. As the moose population declined and stabilized, we observed higher recruitment rates (e.g. calf:cow ratios) that further contributed to the number of harvested moose. Our simulations indicated that the only forest harvesting scenario where moose carrying capacity would be low enough to stabilize caribou population growth rates by 2040 was to cease forest harvesting entirely in 2020.

Practical implication: an increased observed moose harvest quota mitigated the negative effects of forestry on caribou, aided in caribou recovery, and struck a balance that also provided food security and recreational opportunities for moose harvesters.
Nanoengineered Surfaces for Robust Droplet TENGs: Mitigating Contamination and Improving Longevity
Authors: Ge Ying , Qin Huaifang , Wang Jingjing , Zhang Jingjing , Zhou Zunkang , Meng Yao , Huang Zanying , Yang Ke , Du Zuliang , Cui Peng , Cheng Gang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe droplet triboelectric nanogenerator (D‐TENG) harnesses energy from natural water droplets, though its performance and lifespan can be compromised by contamination on the functional layer. Water molecules have a strong affinity for polymer surfaces, which increases surface tension and the sliding‐off angle, leading to greater droplet adhesion. As these droplets evaporate, they leave behind residues, such as calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) salts, that obscure the polymer surface, thereby diminishing the electrification area and altering droplet dynamics—resulting in decreased electrical output. This study presents a micro‐nanostructured D‐TENG with advanced anti‐fouling capabilities. By adding a layer of metal nanoparticles to the polymer surface, followed by ion etching and fluorination grafting, water retention and ion accumulation are effectively minimized. The anti‐fouling D‐TENG demonstrates a fourfold increase in electrical output compared to its predecessor. Following 10 000 droplet interactions, the output of the original D‐TENG drops by 53%, whereas the anti‐fouling variant only experiences a 7% reduction. These enhancements provide significant insights for D‐TENG applications and contribute to the development of anti‐fouling strategies.
One‐Step Fabrication of Highly Customizable Porous Core–Shell Microspheres for the Construction of a 3D Physiologically Relevant Perivascular‐Endosteal Multi‐Microenvironment Model of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Authors: Hong Meiying , Wang Guanxiong , Yang Menghan , Liu Hong , Huang Haisen , Liu Tiantian , Wang Siping , Shen Rui , He Huatao , Li Yi , Du Ting , Hao Xin , Xie Qingyun , Shen Chongyang , Wang Yaolei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe 3D model of the perivascular‐endosteal multi‐microenvironment (PVM‐EM) is crucial for studying early stage breast cancer (BrCa) bone metastasis. However, existing models struggle to accurately represent the composition and spatial intricacies of multi‐microenvironments, limiting their ability to support cellular functional expression within these systems. Here, the nested aqueous two‐phase system emulsion as a template to develop a novel type of core‐shell microsphere for establishing the PVM‐EM 3D model is utilized. This model enables precise control over the chemical composition, macroporous structure, and cell localization. By adjusting these parameters in each microenvironment, it is successfully reconstructed the PVM with precise compartmentalized cell distribution in the microsphere core and a functional EM in the microsphere shell in one step. The outcomes indicate that the porous architecture and cell localization significantly enhance cell activity and function within the microenvironment. Importantly, this multi‐microenvironment model effectively encapsulates the key biological processes associated with bone colonization in early BrCa bone metastasis, including elevated cytokine expression, extensive angiogenesis within PVM, and significant inhibition of alkaline phosphatase expression within EM. This method paves the way for efficient and precise control of physiologically relevant PVM‐EM models, facilitating future preclinical research and drug screening for BrCa bone metastasis.
Fe2O3 Hollow Multishelled Structure Endowed Temporal Sequential Mass Release for Apoptosis/Ferroptosis‐Induced Combined Cancer Therapy
Authors: Xu Ke , Guan Bin , Cui Yujie , Qin Linlin , Li Hao , Cheng Hongfei , Wang Dan , Zhu Yuming , Jiang Gening , Jiang Siming , Zhao Decai , Li Zhao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCisplatin (CDDP) combined with pemetrexed (MTA) is commonly employed in the treatment of advanced non‐small cell lung cancer. However, conventional clinical administration methods fail to achieve precise spatiotemporal delivery within the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in inadequate control of local drug concentrations and impeding the synergistic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. Aiming to address this issue, Fe2O3 hollow multi‐shelled structure (HoMS) nanocarriers with spatiotemporally controlled release properties and co‐encapsulated CDDP and MTA into this nanocarrier are developed. The confined microenvironment provided by Fe2O3‐HoMS enables a targeted and temporal sequential drug release tailored to clinical requirements. Furthermore, chemotherapy‐induced DNA damage leads to apoptosis, accompanied by a substantial generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The disruption of ROS homeostasis subsequently activates the ferroptosis pathway mediated by Fe2O3‐HoMS. In summary, Fe2O3‐HoMS exhibits a highly controlled and temporal sequential release of two chemotherapeutic drugs in TME, and the HoMS nanocarriers are further involved in the regulation of ferroptosis, realizing a triple sequential delivery system comprising CDDP‐MTA‐Fe2+ and thus significantly enhancing the anti‐tumor efficacy against lung cancer. This study proposes a novel approach for temporal sequential drug delivery by optimizing nanocarrier design, addressing the clinical challenge of precisely controlled drug release within tumors.
Boosting Ionic Conductivity and Air Stability in Bromide‐Rich Thioarsenate Argyrodite Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Zhou Ruihua , Gautam Ajay , Suard Emmanuelle , Li Shenghao , Ganapathy Swapna , Chen Kai , Zhang Xin , Nan Ce‐Wen , Wang Shuo , Wagemaker Marnix 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLithium argyrodite thiophosphate superionic conductors are being explored as promising solid electrolytes for all‐solid‐state batteries, primarily due to their high ionic conductivity and ease of processing. Yet, these electrolytes present challenges such as chemical instability in humid conditions and incompatibility with cathode materials. Although some lithium argyrodites show improved air stability, their ionic conductivity deteriorates below the practically required value. Herein, based on hard soft acid base theory, a new family of lithium argyrodite, as solid solution Li6−xAsS5−xBr1+x (for 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6), has been proposed to address these issues. Through a combination of neutron diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it has been determined that the partial substitution of S2− by Br− weakens interactions within the Li+ “cage”, facilitating long lithium‐ion movement throughout the structure. An additional T4 Li+ site is identified, offering a lower energy barrier for inter‐cage jumps. Consequently, the Li5.5AsS4.5Br1.5 member of the composition series exhibits a higher Li‐ion diffusivity resulting in a remarkable ionic conductivity of 15.4 mS cm−1. Compared with lithium thiophosphates, the Li5.5AsS4.5Br1.5 also shows excellent air stability. This research opens a new avenue for developing air‐stable sulfide solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity necessitated for practical application in solid‐state batteries.