bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing oxygenated microbubbles via intraperitoneal and intrathoracic routes on a large pig model of LPS‐induced acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Mohammed Riaz Ur Rehman , Zollinger Nathaniel T. , McCain Andrea R. , Romaguera‐Matas Roser , Harris Seth P. , Buesing Keely L. , Borden Mark A. , Terry Benjamin S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith a mortality rate of 46% before the onset of COVID‐19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) affected 200,000 people in the US, causing 75,000 deaths. Mortality rates in COVID‐19 ARDS patients are currently at 39%. Extrapulmonary support for ARDS aims to supplement mechanical ventilation by providing life‐sustaining oxygen to the patient. A new rapid‐onset, human‐sized pig ARDS model in a porcine intensive care unit (ICU) was developed. The pigs were nebulized intratracheally with a high dose (4 mg/kg) of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) over a 2 h duration to induce rapid‐onset moderate‐to‐severe ARDS. They were then catheterized to monitor vitals and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of oxygenated microbubble (OMB) therapy delivered by intrathoracic (IT) or intraperitoneal (IP) administration. Post‐LPS administration, the PaO2 value dropped below 70 mmHg, the PaO2/FiO2 ratio dropped below 200 mmHg, and the heart rate increased, indicating rapidly developing (within 4 h) moderate‐to‐severe ARDS with tachycardia. The SpO2 and PaO2 of these LPS‐injured pigs did not show significant improvement after OMB administration, as they did in our previous studies of the therapy on small animal models of ARDS injury. Furthermore, pigs receiving OMB or saline infusions had slightly lower survival than their ARDS counterparts. The OMB administration did not induce a statistically significant or clinically relevant therapeutic effect in this model; instead, both saline and OMB infusion appeared to lower survival rates slightly. This result is significant because it contradicts positive results from our previous small animal studies and places a limit on the efficacy of such treatments for larger animals under more severe respiratory distress. While OMB did not prove efficacious in this rapid‐onset ARDS pig model, it may retain potential as a novel therapy for the usual presentation of ARDS in humans, which develops and progresses over days to weeks.
Serum GFAP – reference interval and preanalytical properties in Danish adults
Authors: Tybirk Lea , Hviid Claus Vinter Bødker , Knudsen Cindy Soendersoe , Parkner Tina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a promising biomarker that could potentially contribute to diagnosis and prognosis in neurological diseases. The biomarker is approaching clinical use but the reference interval for serum GFAP remains to be established, and knowledge about the effect of preanalytical factors is also limited.

Methods
Serum samples from 371 apparently healthy reference subjects, 21–90 years of age, were measured by a single-molecule array (Simoa) assay. Continuous reference intervals were modelled using non-parametric quantile regression and compared with traditional age-partitioned non-parametric reference intervals established according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline C28-A3. The following preanalytical conditions were also examined: stability in whole blood at room temperature (RT), stability in serum at RT and −20 °C, repeated freeze-thaw cycles, and haemolysis.

Results
The continuous reference interval showed good overall agreement with the traditional age-partitioned reference intervals of 25–136 ng/L, 34–242 ng/L, and 5–438 ng/L for the age groups 20–39, 40–64, and 65–90 years, respectively. Both types of reference intervals showed increasing levels and variability of serum GFAP with age. In the preanalytical tests, the mean changes from baseline were 2.3% (95% CI: −2.4%, 6.9%) in whole blood after 9 h at RT, 3.1% (95% CI: −4.5%, 10.7%) in serum after 7 days at RT, 10.4% (95% CI: −6.0%, 26.8%) in serum after 133 days at −20 °C, and 10.4% (95% CI: 9.5%, 11.4%) after three freeze-thaw cycles.

Conclusions
The study establishes age-dependent reference ranges for serum GFAP in adults and demonstrates overall good stability of the biomarker.
Uninterested, disenchanted, or overwhelmed? An analysis of motives behind intentional and unintentional news avoidance
Authors: Gorski Lea C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the light of a vast political information ‘buffet’, so-called news-avoiders stay away from the news for indefinite periods of time. Recent research suggests that news avoidance can be intentional or unintentional. However, research has mostly focused on one form of news avoidance or has not differentiated at all. Based on survey data, this study (a) identifies and compares motivations for intentional and unintentional avoidance and (b) investigates drivers of different news avoidance motives. Findings suggest that, overall, avoidance is rooted in the preference for other pastimes, with intentional avoiders also being tired of news and seeing it as too negative, biased, and unreliable. Further, different motives are driven by specific characteristics: Political knowledge and internal efficacy relate to ‘cognitive’ motives, empathy, and being negativity-prone to ‘emotional’ motives, while external efficacy relates to ‘political’ motives.
Anti-proliferation effects of Apatinib in combination with Curcumin in breast cancer cells
Authors: Farhoudi Sefidan Jadid Mahdi , Jahangirzadehd Gholamreza , Behroozi Javad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Despite remarkable development of new therapeutic strategies to improve survival rates and treatment of patients with cancer, there are still many limitations in management of patients with distant metastasis breast cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate a novel method to enhance therapeutic efficacy of Apatinib (as a chemotherapeutic agent) by co‐administration of Curcumin (as a bioactive herbal compound) in breast cancer treatment.

Methods
Effects of Apatinib, Curcumin, and their combinations (Apa‐Cur) was evaluated on viability and proliferation of breast cell line (MCF7) by MTT assay. Moreover, effects of Apatinib, Curcumin, and Apa‐Cur was investigated on apoptosis rate in the cancer cells. Expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (BAX, SMAC, BCL2, and SURVIVIN) in treated cancer cells and untreated controls were evaluated using the Real-Time PCR method.

Results
The obtained results showed that all treatments of Apatinib, Curcumin, and Apa‐Cur significantly decreased viability and proliferation of the breast cancer cells in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner. However, anti-proliferation activity of Apa‐Cur combination was significantly higher than Apatinib and Curcumin treatment alone. In addition, Apatinib, Curcumin, and Apa‐Cur increased apoptosis percentage in the treated cancer cells through regulation of apoptosis-related genes expression.

Conclusions
In general, Apa‐Cur combination therapy exerts more profound anti-proliferation effects on breast cancer cell than Apatinib or Curcumin monotherapy. However, further studies are required to identify other possible signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in the anticancer effects of Apatinib, Curcumin, and Apa‐Cur.
GIS implementation and statistical analysis for significant characteristics of Kirkuk soil
Authors: Raheem Aram M. , Omar Najat Q. , Naser Ibrahim J. , Ibrahim Mohammed O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the presence of harsh economic conditions, conducting laboratory experiments in a wide anticipated area to determine soil properties for any purpose or task within a city is unachievable. Hence, this work is focused on incorporating the existing record data of 56 distinct soil samples acquired from different pits of Kirkuk city utilizing spatial analysis described by inverse distance weighted (IDW) and Kriging methodologies. The incorporated constituents were principally categorized into basic soil characteristics such as clay, silt, sand, and gravel contents and various soil parameters such as initial void ratio (e
o), angle of internal friction (ϕ), cohesion (c), and optimum soil moisture content. Moreover, quantitative approaches such as geotechnical parameters association, linear single, and linear multi-regression models were used. Significant discrepancies in both approaches are readily obvious in the third to fifth zones, indicating that IDW and Kriging processes describe the distribution of sand in Kirkuk city differently. Furthermore, linear multi-regression model between basic and investigated soil parameters show good to excellent and very good to excellent degrees of correlation, with multiple R values in the range of (0.77–0.97) and (0.86–0.98), respectively.
Kant’s Ontological Phenomenalism
Authors: Pickering Mark 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Immanuel Kant’s oft-repeated statement that physical objects are mere representations has given rise to various phenomenalist interpretations. Here I understand phenomenalism to be the view that physical objects are actual or possible perceptions. I argue for a novel phenomenalist interpretation: for Kant a physical object is nothing but the sum of actual and possible perceptions that agree with its empirical concept. I argue that this interpretation is supported by the textual evidence and that this interpretation is not vulnerable to objections commonly made against phenomenalist interpretations. I also argue that the textual evidence provides more support for this interpretation than it does for certain other phenomenalist interpretations.
Structural properties of sputter-deposited nanocrystalline Ni thin films
Authors: Danışman Murat 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
For this study, Ni thin films were deposited on a glass substrate by using 200, 300, and 400 W direct-current magnetron sputtering method for observing the effect of sputtering power on the structural properties of thin films. Grain size, crystallinity, orientation, and texture of the deposited thin films were observed and evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. According to XRD analysis, all thin films presented crystalline atomic structure. Furthermore, the effect of texture on the structural properties were observed using strain analysis and grain sizes that were calculated by Scherrer’s method and Williamson-Hall analysis. The analysis revealed that the grain size of sputter-deposited thin films increased linearly with respect to the increasing sputtering power. Additionally, the elastic modulus and indentation hardness of the samples were measured by nanoindentation method, and the results were evaluated in terms of grain size and texture. The highest grain size, 7.30 nm, was observed on a 400 W sputter-deposited sample, which also had the highest elastic modulus and indentation hardness values as 98 and 3.6 GPa, respectively.
Exhaustive characterization of modified Si vacancies in 4H-SiC
Authors: Davidsson Joel , Babar Rohit , Shafizadeh Danial , Ivanov Ivan G. , Ivády Viktor , Armiento Rickard , Abrikosov Igor A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The negatively charged silicon vacancy

V

S
i

−

$\left({\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}^{-}\right)$

in silicon carbide is a well-studied point defect for quantum applications. At the same time, a closer inspection of ensemble photoluminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements reveals an abundance of related but so far unidentified signals. In this study, we search for defects in 4H-SiC that explain the above magneto-optical signals in a defect database generated by automatic defect analysis and qualification (ADAQ) workflows. This search reveals only one class of atomic structures that exhibit silicon-vacancy-like properties in the data: a carbon antisite (CSi) within sub-nanometer distances from the silicon vacancy only slightly alters the latter without affecting the charge or spin state. Such a perturbation is energetically bound. We consider the formation of

V

S
i

−

+

C

S
i

${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}^{-}+{\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}$

up to 2 nm distance and report their zero phonon lines and zero field splitting values. In addition, we perform high-resolution photoluminescence experiments in the silicon vacancy region and find an abundance of lines. Comparing our computational and experimental results, several configurations show great agreement. Our work demonstrates the effectiveness of a database with high-throughput results in the search for defects in quantum applications.
Effect of folic acid, vitamin B12, and B6 supplementation on the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ye Man , Chen Xiaohong , Mao Sufang , Zhou Jing , Liu Minfen , Wu Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Numerous studies indicated that B vitamin supplementation can reduce cardiovascular risk; nonetheless, available proof reported from individual studies have not been consistent, so we performed an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the relationship between B vitamin supplementation and cardiovascular outcomes.

Materials and method
Relevant studies published before May 2022 were searched from the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biology Medicine, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure. Outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, revascularization, total mortality, and cardiovascular death. The strength of the association was examined by risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

Results
A total of 17 RCTs involving 31,085 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The combined supplementation of B vitamins had no significant effect on MACE based on eight RCTs (RR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.92–1.04), MI based on 13 RCTs (RR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.92–1.09), and revascularization based on 12 RCTs (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.95–1.10). Ten studies showed that the combined supplementation of B vitamins reduced the risk of stroke by 12% (RR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.81–0.97). Eleven studies showed that the combined supplementation of B vitamins had no significant effect on the total mortality (RR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.94–1.05), and nine studies showed that the combined B vitamins had no significant effect on cardiovascular death (RR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.88–1.05). Besides, with the extension of follow-up duration and those with a history of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, supplementation of B vitamins could reduce the risk of stroke.

Conclusion
The supplementation of folic acid, Vitamin B6, and B12 is associated with a reduction in stroke, but not in total mortality, cardiovascular death, MACE, and MI.
Influence of Equal Channel Angular Extrusion on Mechanical Characteristics and Associated Microstructural Changes of Aluminum, Copper, Titanium and Magnesium Alloys and Their Metal Matrix Composites—A Review
Authors: Chinna Maddaiah K. , Naresh K. , Veeresh Kumar G. B. , Pramod R. , Baburao T. , Rama Sreekanth P. S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA focus of the current industrial sector is motivated to develop a new class of advanced materials with superior characteristics compared to currently available conventional materials. In the recent past, light metals and alloys, such as aluminum, copper, titanium, and magnesium alloys and their metal matrix composites (MMCs) have been increasingly accepted in automotive, aerospace, and biomedical sectors. Moreover, for improving the physical and mechanical characteristics of these materials, the processing of materials with secondary metalworking techniques (severe plastic deformation [SPD], complete and partial heat treatment processes, cryogenic treatment, surface coatings, etc.) is essential. Out of several secondary metalworking techniques, the most efficient is the SPD technique with equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). ECAP is widely adopted to produce materials with significantly reduced grain size and excellent properties. The current review article aims to present the effect of ECAP on the physical and mechanical characteristics of aluminum, copper, titanium, and magnesium alloys, and their MMCs are discussed. Microstructural studies and their associated statistical parameters of these materials are discussed using several destructive and nondestructive techniques. Also, the use of in-situ methods, such as digital image correlation, infrared thermography, etc., is examined to study the deformation mechanisms in ECAP. This review article provides a new direction for researchers working in materials engineering and science fields to recognize the importance of the ECAP technique on mechanical characteristics and associated microstructural changes of majorly used alloys and MMCs.
Laboratory Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Rejuvenation in Multiple Hot Recycling of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Pasetto Marco , Baliello Andrea , Giacomello Giovanni , Pasquini Emiliano 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Because of the widespread use of reclaimed asphalt (RA) in new asphalt mixtures, multiple RA recycling is expected to become a common practice. Thus, the long-term properties of multiaged RA as well as the effectiveness of multiple-cycle rejuvenation of RA need to be properly investigated. Given this background, the present study was aimed at evaluating at laboratory scale the feasibility of multiple hot recycling of RA at both short-term aging (STA) and long-term aging (LTA) conditions. The effectiveness of rejuvenation of multiple recycled mixtures was also assessed. In particular, the effect on mixture performance of the rejuvenator addition at different recycling stages was evaluated both after mix rejuvenation and at the end of laboratory-simulated LTA. To these aims, the evolution of linear viscoelastic properties and tensile strength of a plant-produced asphalt mixture has been investigated over a series of short-term and long-term simulative aging cycles carried out with or without the addition of a rejuvenator product. The experimental findings mainly showed that recycling effect (i.e., stiffening and embrittlement) seems to stabilize over cycles with an effective rejuvenating contribution because of the recycling agent. Nevertheless, a specific design of the rejuvenator content considering the actual RA properties instead of requiring a fixed dosage based on RA binder content is only necessary because the recycling history undergone by RA (i.e., number of recycling cycles and use of rejuvenator over the different cycles) clearly affects the final properties of the recycled mixes.
The Genomic Architecture of Pregnancy-Associated Plasticity in the Maternal Mouse Hippocampus
Authors: Celik Alper , Somer Max , Kukreja Bharti , Wu Taiyi , Kalish Brian T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPregnancy is associated with extraordinary plasticity in the maternal brain. Studies in humans and other mammals suggest extensive structural and functional remodeling of the female brain during and after pregnancy. However, we understand remarkably little about the molecular underpinnings of this natural phenomenon. To gain insight into pregnancy-associated hippocampal plasticity, we performed single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and snATAC-seq from the mouse hippocampus before, during, and after pregnancy. We identified cell type-specific transcriptional and epigenetic signatures associated with pregnancy and postpartum adaptation. In addition, we analyzed receptor-ligand interactions and transcription factor (TF) motifs that inform hippocampal cell type identity and provide evidence of pregnancy-associated adaption. In total, these data provide a unique resource of coupled transcriptional and epigenetic data across a dynamic time period in the mouse hippocampus and suggest opportunities for functional interrogation of hormone-mediated plasticity.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in cardiovascular disease: Unmet need of stem cell models
Authors: Bors Luca Anna , Orsolits Barbara , Ahmed Norah Mahnoor , Cho Hyunsoo , Merkely Béla , Földes Gábor 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This review aims to summarise new approaches in SARS-CoV-2-related research in cardiology. We provide a head-to-head comparison of models, such as animal research and human pluripotent stem cells, to investigate the pathomechanisms of COVID-19 and find an efficient therapy. In vivo methods were useful for studying systemic processes of the disease; however, due to differences in animal and human biology, the clinical translation of the results remains a complex task. In vitro stem cell research makes cellular events more observable and effective for finding new drugs and therapies for COVID-19, including the use of stem cells. Furthermore, multicellular 3D organoids even make it possible to observe the effects of drugs to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in human organ models.
Effect of ractopamine on the release of dopamine from the striatum dissected from mice
Authors: Bán Erika G. , Dho-Nagy Eszter A. , Brassai Attila M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the past two decades, ractopamine has been used as a feed additive to increase protein synthesis in farmed animals (swine, cattle, and turkeys) and to produce high-quality meat. However, the excessive feeding of animals with ractopamine may result in its accumulation in animal and human tissues after consuming the meat. Ractopamine is a trace amine-associated receptor1 and β-adrenoceptor agonist banned in the EU but approved in the USA, and it may pose a potential risk to human health. In this paper, the authors, for the first time, provide neurochemical evidence that ractopamine leads to the release of dopamine from nerve terminals of the nigrostriatal pathway in the striatum.
VSIG4 regulates macrophages polarization and alleviates inflammation through activating PI3K/AKT and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury rats
Authors: Wang Yanan , Ding Jie , Song Hejian , Teng Yanling , Fang Xiaoling 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Myocardial infarction is the primary cause of high disability and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease worldwide. The pathological process of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) may trigger harmful inflammatory response and ultimately lead to serious cardiac dysfunction. The mechanism of myocardial repair post myocardial infarction has not been fully elucidated. The present study speculated that VSIG4 is related to the regulation of heart injury.

Methods
The myocardial I/R injury model was established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Before I/R operation, the viral solution containing AAV-NC or AAV-VSIG4 was intravenously injected into rats. Cardiac function indicators, mRNA expression, the apoptosis ratio of cardiomyocytes, myocardial infarct area, phenotype polarization of macrophage, and the protein expression of apoptosis or macrophage phenotype were measured.

Results
Myocardial I/R injury decreased the expression of VSIG4 and subsequently triggered myocardial apoptosis. The induction of AAV-VSIG4 produced a protective effect on general cardiac function and attenuated the I/R-induced cellular apoptosis in rats. Moreover, VSIG4 signaling might potentially modulate macrophage M1/M2-related inflammatory disorders via activation of PI3K/AKT and inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB expression.

Conclusion
In summary, the present study provided evidence that VSIG4 had cardiac protective role in myocardial I/R injury. More importantly, enhanced VSIG4 expression inhibited M1 polarization of macrophages by blocking TLR4/NF-κB activation, subsequently suppressing cardiomyocyte apoptosis. This finding provides vital insights into the role of VSIG4 in I/R injury and may provide a new target for I/R therapy.