bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Keterampilan Abad 21 Menggunakan Instrumen Tes Literasi Sains Pada Materi Asam Basa
Authors: Nofiarti Tri 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of study was to analyzing 21th century skills (creative, critic, analyze, inovatif and sintesis) students of acid-base topic by literacy science test instrumental. Twenty five students in eleven grade participated in study. The test instrument used was the development of the literacy test instrument A. Wahyuni and E. Yusmaita (2020). Data were collected based on student answers on instrument test. The written responses were analysed to identifying 21th century skils (creative, critic, analyze, inovatif and sintesis). Results indicated that students are able to understand science, communicate science as well apply science skills to problem solving.
The Simiots of Catalan Folklore: Neither Are Reminiscences So Old, Nor Are They So Strange Beings
Authors:   Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, Ardanuy Jordi 
Published: March 2022

The simiot is a creature in the Catalan Pyrenean mythology. The term can be translated as “a kind of ape” or “similar to an ape”. According to a medieval legend, around the tenth century, these wild beasts terrorized Arles, a Catalan village in the Vallespir region. Up until now, the number of scholarly studies dealing in depth with these beings is very small. Books and papers by several twentieth-century folklorists, such as Joan Amades, have not contributed to clarifying their origin. By and large, authors propose that simiots are remnants of an ancient and pagan religion, perhaps linked to canid cults or forest deities. However, considering their probable etymology, their origin can be traced to the thirteenth-fourteenth centuries.
Adhesion of Mytilus edulis Foot Protein 1 on Silica: Ionic Effects on Biofouling
Authors: Frank Brian P. , Belfort Georges 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTo determine the effect of the ionic environment on the marine adhesion molecule Mytilus edulis foot protein 1 (Mefp‐1), atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the adhesion between Mefp‐1 and a silica substrate under a range of ionic conditions. Both ion strength and type were varied on the basis of the ions present in natural seawater. Salts containing monovalent ions (NaCl, KCl) increased adhesion only slightly, but salts containing divalent ions (MgCl2, CaCl2, Na2SO4) induced multiple jumpouts in the decompression curve similar to other biological systems and an increase in hydrodynamic radius as observed by light scattering. This behavior may be due to metal complexation between 3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl‐l‐alanine and o‐quinone catechol groups on Mefp‐1. The addition of a salt containing a trivalent ion (FeCl3) resulted in the highest adhesion. The strong effect of salt type and concentration suggests that the ionic composition of the environment within the mussel byssus may be tailored in order to achieve maximum adhesion and minimum curing time.
INS VNTR allelic variation and dynamic insulin secretion in healthy adult non‐diabetic Caucasian subjects
Authors: Ahmed S. , Bennett S. T. , Huxtable S. J. , Todd J. A. , Matthews D. R. , Gough S. C. L. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryAims To elucidate the relationship between the human insulin gene INS VNTR regulatory polymorphism and insulin secretion. The polymorphism arises from tandem repetition of 14–15 bp oligonucleotides. In Caucasians, repeat number varies from 26 to over 200, with two main and discrete allele size classes: class I (26–63 repeats) and class III (141–209 repeats). Class I allele homozygosity is associated with elevated risk of developing Type 1 diabetes, while the class III allele has been associated with increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and with larger size at birth, which may influence development of adult disease. Methods Thirty‐one healthy adult subjects with normal glucose tolerance, underwent an intravenous glucose tolerance test with one minute sampling. Seventeen subjects were homozygous for class I alleles (14 excluding individuals carrying alleles associated with parent‐of‐origin effects and heterogeneity in allele transmission) and 14 homozygous for class III alleles. The groups were well matched.Results No significant differences in amount or rate of insulin secretion, or beta cell function were detected between the two groups. There was a difference in pattern of pulsatile insulin secretion with more 9‐minute oscillations in class I homozygotes (P < 0.026). The after‐load glucose concentration was also higher in subjects with class I alleles (P < 0.03). Conclusions These results warrant further analysis of possible association between allelic variation of the INS VNTR and the pulsatility of insulin secretion.
On the performance of correlation consistent basis sets for the calculation of total atomization energies, geometries, and harmonic frequencies
Authors: Martin Jan M. L. 
Published: July 2002

The total atomization energies (∑De values), geometries, and harmonic frequencies for a number of experimentally well-described molecules have been calculated at the CCSD(T) (coupled cluster) level using Dunning’s correlation-consistent cc-pVDZ([3s2p1d]), cc-pVTZ([4s3p2d1f]), and cc-pVQZ([5s4p3d2f1g]) basis sets. Additivity correction are proposed for binding energies and geometries. Using a three-term additive correction of the form proposed by Martin [J. Chem. Phys. 97, 5012 (1992)] mean absolute errors in ∑De are 0.46 kcal/mol for the cc-pVQZ, 0.93 for the cc-pVTZ, and 2.59 for the c-pVDZ basis sets. The latter figure implies that, although unsuitable for quantitatively accurate work, three-term corrected CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ binding energies can still be used for a rough estimate when the cost of larger basis set calculations would be prohibitive. CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ calculations reproduce bond lengths to 0.001 Å for single bonds, and 0.003 Å for multiple bonds; remaining error is probably partly due to core–core and core–valence correlation. CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ calculations result in additional overestimates of 0.001 Å for single, 0.003 Å for double, and 0.004 Å for triple bonds. CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ calculations result in further overestimates of 0.01 Å for single bonds, and 0.02 Å for multiple bonds.
CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ harmonic frequencies are in surprisingly good agreement with experiment, except for pathological cases like the umbrella mode in NH3. Both CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ and CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ harmonic frequencies generally agree with experiment to 10 cm−1 or better; performance of cc-pVQZ is somewhat superior on multiple bonds or the umbrella mode in NH3. Again, a source of remaining error appears to be core correlation. The use of MP2/6-31G* reference geometries in the ∑De calculation can result in fairly substantial errors in the uncorrected ∑De values for systems with cumulated multiple bonds. These errors however appear to be largely absorbed by the three-term correction. Use of CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ reference geometries appears to have no detrimental effect on computed ∑De values and is recommended for cases where only single-point calculations in the cc-pVTZ basis set are possible.
Establishing a Left‐Right Axis in the Embryo
Authors: Ryan Aimee K. , Belmonte Juan Carlos Izpisúa 
Published: July 2002

AbstractVertebrates exhibit evolutionarily conserved asymmetries in the pattern of internal organ placement that are essential for their normal physiological function. Left‐right asymmetries in organ situs are dependent upon the formation of an intact left‐right axis during embryogenesis. Recently many of the molecular components involved in the initiation and maintenance of the left‐right axis have been described. These molecules and their function in promoting left‐right asymmetries are reviewed.
The 𝐿² ∂̄-method, weak Lefschetz theorems, and the topology of Kähler manifolds
Authors: Napier Terrence , Ramachandran Mohan 
Published: July 2002

A new approach to Nori’s weak Lefschetz theorem is described. The new approach, which involves the

∂
¯

\bar \partial

-method, avoids moving arguments and gives much stronger results. In particular, it is proved that if

X
X

and

Y
Y

are connected smooth projective varieties of positive dimension and

f
:
Y
→
X

f : Y \rightarrow X

is a holomorphic immersion with ample normal bundle, then the image of

π
1

(
Y
)

\pi _1(Y)

in

π
1

(
X
)

\pi _1(X)

is of finite index. This result is obtained as a consequence of a direct generalization of Nori’s theorem. The second part concerns a new approach to the theorem of Burns which states that a quotient of the unit ball in

C

n

\Bbb C ^n

(

n
≥
3

n\geq 3

) by a discrete group of automorphisms which has a strongly pseudoconvex boundary component has only finitely many ends. The following generalization is obtained. If a complete Hermitian manifold

X
X

of dimension

n
≥
3

n\geq 3

has a strongly pseudoconvex end

E
E

and

Ricci

(
X
)
≤
−
C

\text {Ricci}\, (X) \leq -C

for some positive constant

C
C

, then, away from

E
E

,

X
X

has finite volume.
Families of Baker domains II
Authors: Rippon P. , Stallard G. 
Published: July 2002

Let

f
f

be a transcendental meromorphic function and

U
U

be an invariant Baker domain of

f
f

. We use estimates for the hyperbolic metric to show that there is a relationship between the size of

U
U

and the proximity of

f
f

in

U
U

to the identity function, and illustrate this by discussing how the dynamics of transcendental entire functions of the following form vary with the parameter

a
a

:

f
(
z
)
=
a
z
+
b

z
k

e

−
z

(
1
+
o
(
1
)
)

as
ℜ
(
z
)
→
∞
,

\begin{equation*} f(z) = az + bz^ke^{-z}(1+o(1)) \; \text { as } \Re (z) \rightarrow \infty , \end{equation*}

where

k
∈

N

k \in \mathbf N

,

a
≥
1

a \geq 1

and

b
>
0

b > 0

.
Evolution of amino acid biosynthesis and enzymes with broad
substrate specificity
Authors: Nishida Hiromi 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Summary: I selected 82 proteins that were related to amino acid biosynthesis in the genome of Escherichia coli. I then searched the extensive sequence homology for each of the selected proteins from among the proteins of E.coli. The result showed that 30 proteins of the selected proteins had extensive sequence homology within the selected proteins, and 21 proteins had extensive sequence homology to proteins outside the selected proteins. In addition, the enzymes with broad substrate specificity play an important role in the amino acid biosynthesis. I demonstrate here that some substrate-specific enzymes evolved from an ancestor enzyme with broad substrate specificity.
Contact: hnishida@iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Nanoconfinement Synthesis of Ultrasmall Bismuth Oxyhalide Nanocrystals with Size‐Induced Fully Reversible Potassium‐Ion Storage and Ultrahigh Volumetric Capacity
Authors: Hao Guolin , Zhang Chan , Chen Zhonghui , Xu Yuxi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBismuth oxyhalide (BiOX, X = Cl, Br, I) nanomaterials have attracted enormous attention because their unique layered structure and nano‐size effect endows them with fascinating physicochemical properties and wide application potential. However, synthesis of ultrasmall BiOX nanocrystals with sizes down to sub‐10 nm remains a considerable challenge and the investigation of such ultrasmall BiOX nanocrystals in alkali‐metal ion batteries have not yet been explored so far. The fabrication of ultrasmall BiOX nanocrystals with an average size of 6 nm on reduced graphene oxide by a versatile nanoconfinement strategy is reported here. The obtained ultrasmall BiOCl nanocrystals‐based monolithic composites are evaluated as free‐standing anodes for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) and exhibit the highest reversible capacity of 521 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 among all reported Bi‐based PIB anodes and ultrahigh volumetric capacity of 1148 mAh cm‐3, along with excellent rate capability (205 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 ) and extraordinary cycling stability with 94.7% capacity retention after 3000 cycles. More importantly, a fully reversible potassium storage mechanism of BiOCl (BiOCl ↔ Bi ↔ K3Bi) induced by the ultrasmall nano‐size effect is revealed for the first time by detailed characterizations, providing new fundamental insights for boosting the electrochemical performance of nanostructured materials.
Influence of Dimensionality on the Charge Density Wave Phase of 2H‐TaSe2
Authors: Chowdhury Sugata , Rigosi Albert F. , Hill Heather M. , Briggs Andrew , Newell David B. , Berger Helmuth , Hight Walker Angela R. , Tavazza Francesca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMetallic transition metal dichalcogenides like tantalum diselenide (TaSe2) exhibit exciting behaviors at low temperatures, including the emergence of charge density wave (CDW) states. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) is used to catalog influences of van der Waals interactions and reduced dimensionality on the CDW atomic structures as a function of thickness, with the former effect being most strongly present between the layers of bulk TaSe2, slightly reduced in few‐layer TaSe2, and effectively absent in monolayer (1L) TaSe2. To support the validity of the DFT models, experimental Raman data are provided for monolayer, bilayer, and bulk TaSe2 in the spectral range 165–215 cm−1. The phonons seen in the experimental Raman spectra are compared with the results calculated from the DFT models as a function of temperature and layer number. The matching of data and calculations substantiates the model's description of the CDW structural formation as a function of thickness, which is shown in depth for 1L through 6L systems. These results highlight the importance of understanding interlayer interactions, which are pervasive in many quantum phenomena involving 2D confinement.
Optimal Discrimination of Two Nonorthogonal States by Continuous Probing and Feedback Operation
Authors: Xu Peng , Zhao Peng , Zhao Shengmei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor a quantum system prepared probabilistically on two or more non‐orthogonal states, the observer cannot discriminate the initial preparation perfectly. Kurt Jacobs [Quantum Inf. Comput. 2007, 7, 127] introduced a measurement operator that could increase the rate of information obtained using a continuous measurement scheme. However, the better effect happens at the expense of reducing the total information from the quantum system. To address this problem, an optimal operator that could yield the maximal value of mutual information for a long‐time measurement is found. Particularly, it turns out that the error probability is minimized for any measurement moment by measuring the optimal operator. Furthermore, for a given finite measurement time, a measurement scheme to maximize the obtained mutual information is presented. It is shown that while the Jacobs' operator should be used for a short‐time case, for a long‐time limit, the proposed optimal operator should be employed. For a given finite duration, the proposal could determine the optimal measurement operator that maximizes the final value of mutual information.
Surface disinfection influences the antioxidant capacity and GABA content of saline‐treated brown rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Toyoizumi Tomoyasu , Ikegaya Atsushi , Kosugi Toru 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveSaline‐induced osmotic stress can help enhance the functionality of brown rice (BR; Oryza sativa L.); moreover, it can increase the antioxidant capacity and gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in BR. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of surface disinfection on the antioxidant capacity and GABA content of saline‐treated BR.FindingsGABA content of nondisinfected BR decreased significantly with increasing salinity. In contrast, GABA content and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity of disinfected BR increased with increasing salinity up to 1.0% w/v, as evidenced by the increase in 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity values, and total phenolic content of disinfected BR. Additionally, the amino acid and protein contents of both disinfected and nondisinfected BR were significantly affected by saline treatments.ConclusionsOverall, the findings of this study showed that soaking disinfected BR in saline solutions (0.5%–1% w/v) can increase hydrophilic antioxidant capacity and GABA content without negatively affecting metabolic processes.Significance and NoveltyOur findings provide the validation of basic food processing steps for the enhancement of BR functionality via saline treatment.
Minimized feature overhead malware detection machine learning model employing MRMR‐based ranking
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Borgohain Samir Kumar , Sharma Lakhan Dev , Kumar Jayendra 
Published: March 2022

SummaryTo deal with the huge amount of data, minimizing the overhead will play a key role in speedy and efficient malware detection. We propose a machine learning (ML) malware detection model with preprocessing to limit the feature overhead. The portable‐executable (PE) header information that retains meaningful and distinctive information has been considered to classify benign and malware files. The dataset is preprocessed by applying transformation, outlier detection and filling, and smoothing techniques. A maximum relevance minimum redundancy‐based feature selection method is deployed to assign the rank and score to each feature retaining the maximum relevant and minimal redundant information. Based on the obtained rank, many subsets of features have been created and investigated against support vector machine (SVM) and k‐nearest neighbors (k‐NN) with parametric tuning. The proposed ML model integrated with data preprocessing, feature selection, and SVM‐polynomial classifier has superior performance. This model is eliminating 63.8% feature overhead with accuracy above 99.1% for the benchmark datasets. To examine the robustness of the proposed model, new balanced and imbalanced datasets are created using new malware. The test results are encouraging with accuracy and specificity above 96.68%, 97.65%, and 91.57%, respectively. Interestingly, the proposed model is not trained using the newly created dataset.
Predicting required and voluntary employee green behavior using the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Khalid Bilal , Shahzad Khurram , Shafi Muhammad Qaiser , Paille Pascal 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEmployee green behavior research has not focused on its holistic examination from the perspective of the environmental theory of planned behavior and bridging of green intention–behavior gap. This study examines the impact of employee green attitude, green subjective norms, and green perceived behavioral control on both required (in‐role) and voluntary (extra‐role) employee green behavior through green behavioral intention. The moderating role of perceived organizational support toward the environment has also been examined in the intention–behavior relationship. Multisource data was collected from 720 employees and their 72 supervisors in three time‐lags and was analyzed through structural equation modeling. Results show that employee green attitude, green subjective norm, and green perceived behavioral control positively influence employees' both required and voluntary green behavior indirectly through their green behavioral intention. Also, perceived organizational support toward the environment strengthens the positive effect of employee green behavioral intention on their required and voluntary green behavior.
Community invasion resistance is influenced by interactions between plant traits and site productivity
Authors: Tortorelli Claire M. , Kerns Becky K. , Krawchuk Meg A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlant communities are predicted to be more resistant to invasion if they are highly productive, harbor species with similar functional traits to invaders, or support species with high competitive potential. However, the strength of competition may decrease with increasing abiotic stress if species more heavily invest in traits that confer stress tolerance over competitive ability, potentially influencing community trait–resistance relationships. Recent research examining how community traits influence invasion resistance has been predominantly focused on single vegetation types, and results between studies are often conflicting. Few studies have evaluated the extent to which abiotic factors and community traits interact to influence invasion along vegetation gradients. Here, we use an in situ seed addition experiment to examine how above‐ and below‐ground plant traits and vegetation type interact to influence community resistance to invasion by a recently introduced annual grass,Ventenata dubia, along a productivity gradient in eastern Oregon, USA. To measure invasion resistance, we evaluatedV. dubiabiomass in seeded subplots with varying trait compositions across three vegetation types situated along a productivity gradient: scab‐flats (sparsely vegetated dwarf‐shrublands), low sage‐steppe, and ephemeral wet meadows. Trait–resistance relationships were highly context dependent. In wet meadows (the most productive sites), resistance to invasion increased with increasing resident biomass and as community weighted mean trait values for specific leaf area, fine‐to‐total root volume, and height become more similar toV. dubia's trait values, although these relationships were relatively weak. We did not find evidence that neighboring species influenced invasion resistance in less productive vegetation types, in contrast to our expectations that facilitative interactions may increase with decreasing productivity as posited by the stress‐gradient hypothesis. UnlikeV. dubia, which heavily invaded all three vegetation types, introduced species with similar trait values, includingBromus tectorum, were not abundant throughout the study area demonstratingV. dubia's unique ability to take advantage of available resources. Our results illustrate how community traits and site productivity interact to influence community resistance to invasion and highlight that communities with lower overall biomass and few functionally similar species toV. dubiamay be at the greatest risk for invasion.
A case report of human infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in Israel
Authors: Grupel Daniel , Lustig Yaniv , Brosh‐Nissimov Tal 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is an often‐overlooked cause for viral meningitis but can have severe consequences in certain clinical situations. We present the first documented infection by LCMV in Israel. The epidemiology of LCMV is evolving with a potential for a worldwide endemicity due to the widespread presence of the natural host. Increased awareness and testing are required to identify this virus and screening of certain populations (e.g., organ donors) should be considered.