bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vulcanization behavior and thermal performance of peroxide‐curable fluoroelastomer
Authors: Wang Chen , Su Zhengtao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDifferent coagents including triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) and trimethallyl isocyanurate (TMAIC) were applicated on peroxide curable fluoroelastomer (FKM). The cure efficiency for TAIC has found to be higher than TMAIC using rubber process analyzing (RPA). Moreover, TAIC also creates extra exothermal peak and greater enthalpy in Differential scanning calorimetry test. In addition, X‐ray photoelectron spectra further demonstrated that TMAIC expresses low tendency on crosslinking with cure sites and homopolymerization, the network formed by TMAIC expressed more prominent degradation under thermo‐oxidative aging which also supported by mechanical properties. In the end, different network modes were purposed corresponding to vulcanizates using TAIC and TMAIC, and the network consisting relatively long segments of TAIC polymer exhibits better stability during thermo‐oxidative aging.
Combining PSA and PET features to select candidates for salvage lymph node dissection in recurrent prostate cancer
Authors: Bravi Carlo A. , Heidenreich Axel , Fossati Nicola , Gandaglia Giorgio , Suardi Nazareno , Mazzone Elio , Stabile Armando , Cucchiara Vito , Osmonov Daniar , Juenemann Klaus‐Peter , Karnes R. Jeffrey , Kretschmer Alexander , Buchner Alexander , Stief Christian , Hiester Andreas , Albers Peter , Devos Gaëtan , Joniau Steven , Van Poppel Hendrik , Grubmüller Bernhard , Shariat Shahrokh , Tilki Derya , Graefen Markus , Gill Inderbir S. , Mottrie Alexander , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Montorsi Francesco , Briganti Alberto , Pfister David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between pre‐operative PSA value, 68Ga‐prostate‐specific‐membrane‐antigen (PSMA) PET performance and oncologic outcomes after salvage lymph node dissection (sLND) for biochemical recurrent prostate cancer (PCa).Patients and methodsThe study included 164 patients diagnosed with ≤2 pelvic lymph‐node recurrence(s) of PCa documented on 68Ga‐PSMA PET scan and treated with pelvic ± retroperitoneal sLND at 11 high‐volume centres between 2012 and 2019. Pathologic findings were correlated to PSA values at time of sLND, categorized in early (<0.5 ng/ml), low (0.5–0.99 ng/ml), moderate (1–1.5 ng/ml) and high (>1.5 ng/ml). Clinical recurrence (CR)‐free survival after sLND was calculated using multivariable analyses and plotted over pre‐operative PSA value.ResultsMedian [interquartile range (IQR)] PSA at sLND was 1.1 (0.6, 2.0) ng/ml, and 131 (80%) patients had one positive spot at PET scan. All patients received pelvic sLND, whereas 91 (55%) men received also retroperitoneal dissection. Median (IQR) number of node removed was 15 (6, 28). The rate of positive pathology increased as a function of pre‐operative PSA value, with highest rates for patients with pre‐operative PSA > 1.5 ng/ml (pelvic‐only sLNDs: 84%; pelvic + retroperitoneal sLNDs: 90%). After sLND, PSA ≤ 0.3 ng/ml was detected in 67 (41%) men. On multivariable analyses, pre‐operative PSA was associated with PSA response (p < 0.0001). There were 51 CRs after sLND. After adjusting for confounders, we found a significant, non‐linear relationship between PSA level at sLND and the 12‐month CR‐free survival (p < 0.0001), with the highest probability of freedom from CR for patients who received sLND at PSA level ≥1 ng/ml.ConclusionsIn case of PET‐detected nodal recurrences amenable to sLND, salvage surgery was associated with the highest short‐term oncologic outcomes when performed in men with PSA ≥ 1 ng/ml. Awaiting confirmatory data from prospective trials, these findings may help physicians to optimize the timing for 68Ga‐PSMA PET in biochemical recurrent PCa.
Continuous improvement of a bioengineering CURE: Preparing students for a changing world
Authors: Mishra Chandrani , Novak Lauren , Riley Coleen , Okekeogbu Ikenna , Smith Gillian , Brace Emma , Kerstiens Emily , Clase Kari 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBased on recent education reform guidelines to prepare professionals who are able to handle new technological, economic, social, and environmental challenges, pedagogical modifications are deemed necessary by the educators. Specifically, in biology, the rapid changes in the content and biological products demand changes in the curriculum. We aim to address this current need by providing an example of a course that was redesigned to meet the current trends of biological engineering education. In this course‐based undergraduate research experience (CURE), learning objectives and possible outcomes were developed and assessment mapping was performed to align the course objectives with the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) recommendations. A description of how one can assess authentic inquiry courses while adhering to the recommendations are discussed. For example, in this particular course, students completed weekly reflection assignments, maintained lab notebooks that were graded every week, presented their research to their peers at the end of the semester, and submitted a final paper to be graded. “Holistic” engineering is crucial for the all‐around development of a 21st century engineer. Altering the traditional lecturing with more hands‐on learning is crucial for the development of professional and communication skills of students. Such alterations could lead to the production of well‐rounded life‐long learners to serve the upcoming world.
Assisted reproductive technology and association with childhood cancer subtypes
Authors: Gulrajani Natalie B. , Montes Samuel , McGough Daniel , Wimberly Courtney E. , Khattab Ameera , Semmes Eleanor C. , Towry Lisa , Cohen Jennifer L. , Hurst Jillian H. , Landi Daniel , Hill Sherika N. , Walsh Kyle M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between assisted reproductive technology (ART) use and childhood cancer subtype.Study DesignWe deployed a cross‐sectional survey of 1701 parents of children with cancer about their ART use, demographics, and gestational and perinatal factors. Multivariable logistic regression modeled the association between ART use, birthweight and multiple gestation status with childhood cancer, by subtype.ResultsART use was highest among children with osteosarcoma relative to children with other cancer types, and this association was statistically significant in multivariable models (OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 1.7–11.3; p = 0.0020). ART use was also elevated among children with hepatoblastoma, but this relationship appeared to be due to the strong associations between ART use and lower birthweight in our sample. No specific ART modality appeared to drive these associations. In univariate models, multiple gestation was associated with a 2.7‐fold increased odds of hepatoblastoma (OR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.14–6.42; p = 0.02) and a 1.6‐fold increased odds of neuroblastoma (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.03–2.54; p = 0.03), but these associations were not retained in multivariable models.ConclusionsAssociations between ART use and hepatoblastoma risk may be attributable to birthweight, a known hepatoblastoma risk factor. ART use may also be associated with osteosarcoma, independent of birthweight, an association not previously observed in studies limited to cancers diagnosed before adolescence. Evaluating long‐term health outcomes in children conceived by ART, throughout adolescence and potentially into adulthood, appears warranted.
Clinical spectrum of rectal cancer identifies hallmarks of early‐onset patients and next‐generation treatment strategies
Authors: Shen Dingcheng , Wang Puning , Xie Yumo , Zhuang Zhuokai , Zhu Mingxuan , Wang Xiaolin , Huang Meijin , Luo Yanxin , Yu Huichuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing among young adults and more rectal cancers are reported. This study aimed to identify the clinical features specific for early‐onset rectal cancer and provide insights on cancer management.MethodsEarly‐onset (<50 years) and late‐onset (≥50 years) rectal cancer patients from a referral tertiary care center (SYSU cohort) and Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database (SEER cohort) were included to perform a comprehensive comparison on clinical information.ResultsA total of 552 and 80,341 patients with stages I–III rectal cancer were included in the SYSU and SEER cohorts, respectively. In the SYSU cohort, early‐onset diseases had significantly higher prevalence of family history of cancer and history of HBV infection and lower incidence of comorbidities (p < 0.05). In addition, early‐onset patients presented more frequently with advanced node stage (N2 stage: 16.9 vs. 9.3%, p = 0.017) and high‐risk features, including mucinous or signet cell carcinomas (21.8 vs. 12.9%, p = 0.014), poorly differentiated tumors (28.8 vs. 15.4%, p = 0.002), and perineural invasion (14.5 vs. 7.9%, p = 0.027) compared with late‐onset patients. However, early‐onset patients received more neoadjuvant (18.5 vs. 11.2%, p = 0.032) and adjuvant treatments (71.0 vs. 45.8%, p < 0.001), and they had better overall survival in both SYSU (HR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34–0.95; p = 0.029) and SEER (HR 0.38, 95% CI: 0.37–0.40; p < 0.001) cohorts.ConclusionEarly‐onset rectal cancers are distinct from late‐onset cases in clinicopathological features, treatment modalities, and outcomes. The clinical trials and studies that are specific for young populations are needed to develop optimal strategies for cancer screening, treatment, and surveillance.
Acceptance and commitment therapy and its unacknowledged influences: Some old wine in a new bottle?
Authors: Gonçalves Miguel M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecently, Goldfried suggested that one main reason for the underdevelopment of psychotherapy as a scientific enterprise was the lack of acknowledgment of past contributions. In this article, this issue is illustrated by analysing the particular case of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). ACT has clear overlaps with therapies from the systemic tradition, such as strategic therapy in the line of the Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto and with the more recent models of solution‐focused therapy and narrative therapy. This article analyses theoretical overlaps with these models (e.g. the paradoxical nature of human problems and the nature of language) as well as examples of similarities in therapeutic strategies (externalization and the miracle question). It concludes by suggesting that this practice of inadvertently obliterating the past does not favour the development of the field or the creation of consensus but rather contributes to the ongoing proliferation of ‘new’ psychotherapy models. Trends that may contribute to circumventing this problem are discussed.
Rapid Dissolution of Noble Metals in Organic Solvents
Authors: Nag Abhijit , Morrison Carole A. , Love Jason B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe dissolution of elemental noble metals (NMs) such as gold, platinum, palladium, and copper is necessary for their recycling but carries a high environmental burden due to the use of strong acids and toxic reagents. Herein, a new approach was developed for the rapid dissolution of elemental NMs in organic solvents using mixtures of triphenylphosphine dichloride or oxalyl chloride and hydrogen peroxide, forming metal chloride salts directly. Almost quantitative dissolution of metallic Au, Pd, and Cu was observed within minutes at room temperature. For Pt, dissolution was achieved, albeit more slowly, using the chlorinating oxidant alone but was inhibited on addition of hydrogen peroxide. After leaching, transfer of PtIVand PdIIchloride salts from the organic phase into a 6 mHCl aqueous phase facilitated their separation by precipitation of PtIVusing a simple diamide ligand. In contrast, the retention of AuIIIchloridometalate in the organic phase allowed its selective separation from Ni and Cu from a leachate solution obtained from electronic CPUs. This new approach has potential application in the hydrometallurgical leaching and purification of NMs from ores, spent catalysts, and electronic and nano‐wastes.
Association of longitudinal left atrial strain with mortality after tricuspid valve surgery
Authors: Seo Jeong Hun , Park Ilkun , Park Sung‐Ji , Jeong Dong Seop , Bak Minjung , Kim Jihoon , Kim Eun‐Kyoung , Chang Sung‐A , Chung Su Ryeun , Sung Kiick , Lee Sang‐Chol , Park Seung Woo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsTricuspid valve (TV) surgery for functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is becoming more common, but the associated mortality remains high. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical and echocardiographic parameters associated with all‐cause mortality in patients with severe functional TR who underwent TV surgery.Methods and resultsA total of 286 patients with severe functional TR who underwent TV replacement or repair was analysed between January 2006 and December 2017. We assessed changes in conventional echocardiographic parameters and strain, such as peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS). During a median follow‐up period of 5.3 years, 71 (24.8%) patients died due to any cause. When comparing groups with and without all‐cause deaths, there were no significant differences in terms of sex, co‐morbidities, medication use, and surgery type. However, patients who died were older and more likely to have refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). With multivariate Cox modelling, age >65 years (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.59–4.96; P < 0.001), refractory AF (adjusted HR, 2.84, 95% CI, 1.36–5.94; P = 0.006), lower albumin level (adjusted HR, 0.50, 95% CI, 0.31–0.82), and reduced PALS (adjusted HR, 1.87, 95% CI, 1.06–3.33; P = 0.032) were significant determinants of all‐cause mortality. PALS decline was associated with refractory AF (adjusted HR, 5.74, 95% CI, 2.81–11.7; P < 0.001) and the absence of a Maze procedure (adjusted HR, 2.95, 95% CI, 1.51–5.78; P = 0.002).ConclusionsA reduction in PALS was significantly associated with all‐cause mortality in our cohort of patients with severe functional TR who underwent TV surgery. This phenomenon is related to refractory AF and more aggressive intervention for AF is necessary concomitant with TV surgery.
6‐Methylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one Based Compounds as BRD9 Epigenetic Reader Binders: A Rational Combination of in silico Studies and Chemical Synthesis
Authors: Colarusso Ester , Gazzillo Erica , Boccia Eleonora , Giordano Assunta , Chini Maria Giovanna , Bifulco Giuseppe , Lauro Gianluigi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract6‐methylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one‐based compounds were here identified and synthesized as novel binders of bromodomain‐containing protein 9 (BRD9) epigenetic reader. Accounting a fast and efficient synthetic route aimed to easily obtain differently 2‐ and 8‐disubstituted 6‐methylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one derivatives, a virtual library of synthesizable items was built and submitted to molecular docking experiments. Based on two 3D structure‐based pharmacophore models recently developed by us on BRD9, 16 compounds were selected and synthesized, using mild conditions with good yields in relatively short reaction times. Among them, 14, 16, 18, 22, and 26 emerged as the most potent compounds of these series, able to bind BRD9 at the low micromolar range of concentrations. These molecules also showed a promising selective behavior when tested against BRD4 bromodomain. These results highlighted the quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one chemical core as a valuable scaffold for developing promising BRD9 binders.
Efficient Construction of Tetracyclic 1,2,4‐Triazoline‐Fused Dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines through KI/TBHP‐Mediated [3+2] Annulation between DBO‐Imines and N‐Tosylhydrazones
Authors: Wang Chuan‐Chuan , Wang Xin‐Lu , Ding Degang , Ma Zhi‐Wei , Liu Zhijing , Chen Xiao‐Pei , Chen Ya‐Jing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe KI/TBHP (tert‐butyl hydroperoxide) promoted [3+2] annulation between dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine‐imines (DBO‐Imines) and N‐tosylhydrazones under mild conditions has been developed, affording a direct and high atom‐economical preparation for tetracyclic 1,2,4‐triazoline‐fused dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines (DBOs) in good to excellent yields. This procedure could tolerate a wide range of functional groups and could also be conveniently conducted on a gram‐scale reaction, even in a one‐pot fashion. The produced 1,2,4‐triazoline‐fused DBOs could be easily converted into biologically interesting 1,2,4‐triazolo‐fused DBOs under the action of NBS (N‐bromosuccinimide).
Anwendung von Grünen Inhibitoren zur Härtestabilisierung in Tunneldrainagen
Authors: Leis Albrecht , Wagner Hanns , Eichinger Stefanie , Domberger Gunnar , Wedenig Michael , Dietzel Martin , Boch Ronny 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe drainage system is a core element of tunnel construction and operation. Frequently, natural as well as technical boundary conditions lead to the deposition of scales (especially calcium carbonates) in the drainage system. As a preventive measure – in contrast to post‐depositional cleaning procedures – the use of scale inhibitors to treat the drainage water (hardness stabilisation) is an option. ‘Green inhibitors’ are tailored green organic substances that delay or prevent scale formation when added in small concentrations. Moreover, green inhibitors can change the material consistency of scale deposits (soft sinter). An additional advantage of their use is the good environmental compatibility compared to conventional inhibitors. Suitable test procedures can be used to select a substance or product and evaluate or optimise its dosage. The application of polyaspartic acid or polysuccinimide products as ecologically harmless and readily biodegradable agents has proven advantageous in tunnel structures. The choice of liquid or depot stone conditioning essentially depends on the scaling mechanism, in addition to the technical considerations, flow rates and water chemistry. Regarding discharge to existing receiving water bodies, the inhibitor concentration in the water can be measured and controlled by DOC analysis and fluorescence spectroscopy. This article presents contemporary and tunnel‐specific case studies.
ALPK1 Accelerates the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis by Activating NLRP3 Signaling
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhao Jie , Jiang Henghua , Guo Huilin , Li Yingjie , Li Huimin , Feng Yaping , Ke Jin , Long Xing 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1), a member of the alpha-kinase family, has been shown to be involved in mediating inflammatory responses and is strongly associated with gout; however, its modulatory role in osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. Here, we uncovered elevation of ALPK1 in degraded cartilage of destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) and collagenase-induced osteoarthritis (CIOA), two different mouse OA models induced by mechanical stress or synovitis. Intraarticular administration of recombinant human ALPK1 (rhALPK1) in vivo exacerbated OA pathogenesis in both DMM and CIOA mice, whereas ALPK1 knockout reversed this process. In vitro study demonstrated that ALPK1 aggravates metabolic disturbances in chondrocytes by enhancing the production of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), an inflammasome sensors driving interlukin-1β (IL-1β)-mediated inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, the selective inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or NLRP3 indicates that NLRP3 is a downstream signaling governed by NF-κB in ALPK1-activated chondrocytes. Collectively, these results establish ALPK1 as a novel catabolic regulator of OA pathogenesis, and targeting this signaling may be a promising treatment strategy for OA. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
High‐fat diet affects autophagy and mitochondrial compartment in rat Harderian gland
Authors: Chieffi Baccari Gabriella , Falvo Sara , Di Fiore Maria M. , Cioffi Federica , Giacco Antonia , Santillo Alessandra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Harderian gland (HG) of Rattus norvegicus is an orbital gland secreting lipids that accumulate in excess under condition of increased lipid metabolism. To study the response elicitated by lipid overload in rat HG, we housed the animals in thermoneutral conditions (28−30°C) in association to high fat diet (HFD). In HFD rats alterated blood lipid levels result in lipid accumulation in HG as demonstrated by the increased gland weight and histochemical/ultrastructural analyses. The HFD‐caused oxidative stress forces the gland to trigger antioxidant defense mechanisms and autophagic process, such as lipophagy and mitophagy. Induction of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and repair was stronger in HFD‐rat HGs. An increase in marker expression levels of mitochondrial biogenesis, fission, and fusion occurred to counteract mtDNA copy number reduction and mitophagy. Therefore, the results demonstrate that rat HG activates autophagy as survival strategy under conditions of increased lipid metabolism and suggest a key role for mitophagy and membrane dynamics in the mitochondrial adaptive response to HFD.
Introduction of Otolaryngology Outpatient Examination Training Program for junior residents as part of rural regional medical support in Japan
Authors: Watanabe Takeshi , Takayama Hayato , Hamada Hisayuki , Kaneko Kenichi , Matsushima Kayoko , Nagatani Atsuko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundNagasaki Prefecture is located in the most western part of Japan, and there are a considerable number of clinics in its many remote islands and rural areas. Thus, the Regional Medical Support Center in Nagasaki Prefecture dispatches doctors to rural hospitals to provide medical support. We introduced an outpatient training program at these rural hospitals for all residents to improve their clinical training in the field of otorhinolaryngology, whereby one otolaryngologist trains one resident.MethodsThis otolaryngology outpatient training program is randomly assigned, and conducted for 4–5 days a year, transported by a helicopter in Nagasaki Prefecture, which is a 30‐minute one‐way trip. We used a case checklist that included the 35 items that should be experienced and are defined as frequent by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. We also conducted a survey using an anonymous questionnaire.ResultsThe survey response rate was 100%. Comparing the experience rate of symptoms between the pre‐introduction resident and the post‐introduction resident who underwent the otolaryngology outpatient training program, the experience rates of common diseases, including vertigo and otolaryngologic symptoms such as nasal bleeding and hoarseness, significantly increased after the program was introduced (p ≤ .001). Notably, the experience rate of headache, cough/sputum, and vertigo was 100%.ConclusionOur training program provides a suitable medical environment for the resident and secures a doctor who can provide secondary medical service support. Furthermore, the program will improve the level of primary care provided by the residents in remote island and rural area hospitals.