bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of early clinical outcomes between dual antiplatelet therapy and triple antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Park Jiesuck , Jung Jin-Hyung , Choi Eue-Keun , Lee Seung-Woo , Kwon Soonil , Lee So-Ryoung , Kang Jeehoon , Han Kyung-Do , Park Kyung Woo , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: February 2022

Background and objectiveMost Asian patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) receive only dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) without oral anticoagulants (vitamin K antagonists [VKA] or non-VKA oral anticoagulants [NOAC]). However, it has not been fully investigated whether the DAPT results in better clinical outcomes in the early period after PCI than the standard triple therapy with VKA or NOAC.MethodsWe analyzed the claims records of 11,039 Korean AF population who had PCI between 2013 and 2018. Patients were categorized according to the post-PCI antithrombotic therapy as VKA-based triple therapy (VKA-TT), NOAC-based triple therapy (NOAC-TT), and DAPT groups. After baseline adjustment using inverse probability weighting, we compared the risks of ischemic endpoints (ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality) and major bleeding at 3 months post-PCI.ResultsIschemic stroke, MI, and all-cause mortality occurred in 105, 423, and 379 patients, respectively, and 138 patients experienced major bleeding. The DAPT group was associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke and major bleeding (hazard ratio [HR] 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37–0.84) compared to the VKA-TT group, despite no significant differences in the risks of MI and all-cause mortality. In contrast, the DAPT group demonstrated no significant difference in the risks for ischemic endpoints compared to the NOAC-TT group. Additionally, the DAPT group had a numerically lower risk of major bleeding than the NOAC-TT group but this was not statistically significant (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.45–1.07).ConclusionsAn outcome benefit of DAPT was observed in theearly periodafter PCI compared to the VKA-TT, but not against NOAC-TT users among the Asian AF population. Given the potential long-term benefits of NOACs, greater efforts should be made to increase compliance in clinical practice with proper combination therapy with NOAC after PCI.
Age-related sex differences in the outcomes of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Lee Hyun-Jung , Kim Hyung-Kwan , Lee Sang Chol , Ommen Steve R. , Kim Jihoon , Park Jun-Bean , Choi You-Jung , Lee Seung-Pyo , Chang Sung-A. , Kim Yong-Jin 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundWe aimed to clarify the sex differences in various cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular outcomes, and to investigate whether sex differences in outcomes are affected by age in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).MethodsA cohort of 835 patients with HCM initially evaluated during 2007–2019 were followed for a median of 6.4 years. Study outcomes were all-cause death, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular death, sudden cardiac death (SCD)/SCD equivalent events, heart failure (HF) events, and the composite cardiovascular outcome including cardiovascular death, SCD/SCD equivalent events, admission for HF, and heart transplantation.ResultsWomen were 5 years older (women 59.9±13.5 vs. men 54.9±11.4 years), had worse dyspnea, and greater left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction and obstructive physiology at presentation. Women compared to men had higher all-cause mortality and cardiovascular event rates, driven by more cardiovascular deaths and heart failure (HF) events. Conversely, non-cardiovascular mortality was not different between the sexes. Female sex was independently associated with all-cause death (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.11–3.20) and composite cardiovascular events (HR 3.60, 95% CI 2.00–6.49), independent of age, body mass index, New York Heart Association class, SCD risk score, and LV ejection fraction. When stratified by the age of 60, sex differences were not significant at <60 years; however, at ≥60 years, women had worse LV diastolic function, greater obstructive physiology, as well as worse survival and composite cardiovascular outcomes. Sex differences in outcomes remained consistent after propensity score matching for age and other clinical characteristics.ConclusionsWomen with HCM have worse cardiovascular prognosis than men, driven by higher cardiovascular mortality and HF events. The negative impact of female sex on cardiac function and cardiovascular outcome became prominent at age ≥60 years, suggesting age-related sex differences in the prognosis of HCM.
Timeliness of reporting process in the national routine health information system: The case of 19-year experience of Field Health Services Information System in Palawan, the Philippines
Authors: Murai Shinsuke , Ventura Ray Justin C. , Gaite Julita T. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Routine health information system (RHIS) has been repeatedly updated to provide quality information. However, its timeliness has rarely been tracked. This study investigated the reporting status and the timeliness of quarterly reports of the national RHIS in the Philippines, based on its 19 years-operation in Palawan.

Methods
We analyzed the timeliness of 94.7% (1568/1656) of the quarterly reports that we obtained the date of receipt submitted by 22 health centers in Palawan from 1996 to 2014. The RHIS update in 2008 increased the number of reporting items and extended the submission due date since 2009 while computerized 15 health centers since 2011. We performed Fisher’s exact test to examine changing the proportion of timely reports and multiple comparisons with permutation tests for changing the mean of the quarterly median lead times, median delays and interquartile ranges (IQR), for four periods of different operational requirements in the RHIS.

Results
The update increased the timely reports from 6.7% (70/1045) to 22.4% (117/523) (p<0.001). The delay remained stable from 14.2 days to 16.1 days (p = 0.654). However, the IQR widened 2.31 times (p = 0.004) compared to 15.7. Despite the increased burden, the continued manual data processing decreased the delay by 7.1 days (p = 0.023) and remained the IQR stable at 1.19 times (p = 0.670), while 15 health centers were computerized, it increased the delay by 6.4 days (p = 0.037) and widened the IQR by 2.87 times (p = 0).

Conclusions
More attention must be paid to controlling the timeliness of RHIS when we introduce new interventions and perform daily management. Extending the due date increased timely reports. However, introducing unfamiliar tasks increased delay and uncertainty in timeliness. In a low-resource setting, an effective intervention needs to consider modest operating procedure changes that extend the existing routines to which the staff in charge has already accustomed.
Dubiously increased FT4 and FT3 levels in clinically euthyroid patients: clinical finding or analytical pitfall?
Authors: Külz Martin , Fellner Stephan , Rocktäschel Jörg , Ceglarek Uta , Willenberg Anja , Kratzsch Jürgen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
We systematically investigated normally or subclinically increased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) values associated with unexpectedly increased thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) in findings of patients without any thyroid disease. Moreover, we looked for alternatives to overcome such states with an improved diagnostic procedure and to investigate the pathogenetic background of the respective patients.

Methods
Samples with TSH concentrations within the range of 0.4–10 mU/L combined with increased concentrations of FT4 (n=120; Cobas, Roche) were collected over a period of around six years. Cobas FT4 results were compared with measurements from Liaison (DiaSorin) and Architect (Abbott) FT4 assays. For further validation all samples were measured for total thyroxine (TT4) (Cobas, Roche). Finally, FT3 and TT3 as complementary parameters were measured in samples with leftover material. To overcome potential analytical disturbances from stimulating heterophilic antibodies, we used heterophilic blocking tubes (HBTs).

Results
From the 120 samples with increased FT4 concentrations by Cobas, 51/120 were also increased by Liaison, and 26/120 by Architect. However, the measurement of TT4 indicated only n=10/120 increased values. The number of increased FT3 (n=71) measurements was higher in Architect>Cobas>Liaison (28>27>9). TT3 levels of 70/71 samples were within the reference interval. HBTs were inappropriate to reduce unspecific immunoreactivity in our samples. No clear pathogenetic background could be elucidated in the anamnesis of individual patients.

Conclusions
To overcome dubious constellations of TSH, FT4, and FT3, it is helpful to measure TT4 and TT3 for control or to use an immunoassay with an alternative assay design for the respective parameters.
Student explorations of calcium alginate bead formation by varying pH and concentration of acidic beverage juices
Authors: Buenaflor Jeffrey P. , Lydon Cassandra K. , Zimmerman Aaron , DeSutter Olivia L. , Wissinger Jane E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Teaching experiments involving edible, biodegradable calcium alginate beads serve as an attractive model system to introduce upper secondary age students to core chemistry topics through innovations in sustainable consumer products. A teaching experiment is described that engages students with the synthesis of calcium alginate hydrogel beads from sodium alginate and calcium lactate, two food-safe and renewable materials. The beads’ outer membranes are a result of ionic interactions between carboxylate groups from alginate strands and the divalent calcium cations between them, thus forming cross-linked polymers. Protonation of the carboxylate groups on the alginate strands decreases crosslinking density affecting bead formation. First, various concentrations of citric acid are used to lower the pH of the sodium alginate solution and the effect on the calcium alginate bead formation is observed. A correlation between pH and bead shape and firmness is derived. This information is then used to explore juices with varying natural acidities. The experiment is amenable to implementation in the classroom or as an at-home activity. Learning outcomes include acid-base reactions, chemical bonding, polymer structures, and green chemistry concepts. Students consider the environmental challenges of traditional plastics used in packaging and how innovative new commercial products are attempting to provide solutions.
Progress in smart industrial control applied to renewable energy system
Authors: Salhi Mohamed Salah , Kashoob Said , Lachiri Zied 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The industrial Supervising Control and Data Acquisition, referred by SCADA system, tends to improve its accuracy in detecting faults. In that, it uses fault diagnosis models based mostly on probabilistic methods with close uncertainties. These models are based on a subjective evaluation by comparing the obtained signal to its reference. Therefore, SCADA precision fault detection varies depending on the operation environment, system design and analysis approach among other factors. The contribution of this research work is to propose a smart strategy that will enrich and enhance failure recognition in SCADA systems by integrating two additional models into the classic technique. The first model is a SOM map reduce simple classifier and the second model is an evolutionary recurrent self-organizing neural filter for final decision-making. This integrated paradigm improves results accuracy and robustness against signal interference. The proposed idea involves best details around any remotely listed defect. This study has been conducted on Simulink-Matlab, through the analysis of multi signals emitted by sensors and received by corresponding antennas.
Metaphorical creativity contributing to multimodal impoliteness in political cartoons
Authors: Abdel-Raheem Ahmed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUsing a corpus of mainly Arabic political cartoons, this article investigates the relationship between multimodal impoliteness and metaphorical creativity. It offers an interesting and admittedly tentative argument that many aspects of creativity in language and verbo-visual arts may be related to what I call “frame flouting or exploitation”―a notion compatible with various ongoing research programs, including Rachel Giora and her colleagues’ work on salience, defaultness, and optimal innovation. The concept offrame floutingrefers to an overt and blatant infringement of a data structure employed for representing generic or geographical, social and historical or stereotypical knowledge or commonly encountered, stereotyped events or situations. A four-type typology for frame exploitations is proposed: (i) “frame element” exploitations; (ii) script (or scenario) floutings; (iii) “default context” violations; and (iv) inference exploitations. Frame floutings may thus also be the basis for incongruity and humor. This research will aid both cognition studies and creative impoliteness scholarship based on nonverbal and multimodal stimuli.
Investigation and management of stillbirth: a descriptive review of major guidelines
Authors: Tsakiridis Ioannis , Giouleka Sonia , Mamopoulos Apostolos , Athanasiadis Apostolos , Dagklis Themistoklis 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStillbirth is a common and devastating pregnancy complication. The aim of this study was to review and compare the recommendations of the most recently published guidelines on the investigation and management of this adverse outcome. A descriptive review of guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (RCOG), the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand (PSANZ), the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC) on stillbirth was carried out. Regarding investigation, there is consensus that medical history and postmortem examination are crucial and that determining the etiology may improve care in a subsequent pregnancy. All guidelines recommend histopathological examination of the placenta, genetic analysis and microbiology of fetal and placental tissues, offering less invasive techniques when autopsy is declined and a Kleihauer test to detect large feto–maternal hemorrhage, whereas they discourage routine screening for inherited thrombophilias. RCOG and SOGC also recommend a complete blood count, coagulopathies’ testing, anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies’ measurement in cases of hydrops and parental karyotyping. Discrepancies exist among the reviewed guidelines on the definition of stillbirth and the usefulness of thyroid function tests and maternal viral screening. Moreover, only ACOG and RCOG discuss the management of stillbirth. They agree that, in the absence of coagulopathies, expectant management should be considered and encourage vaginal birth, but they suggest different labor induction protocols and different management in subsequent pregnancies. It is important to develop consistent international practice protocols, in order to allow effective determination of the underlying causes and optimal management of stillbirths, while identifying the gaps in the current literature may highlight the need for future research.
Metadiscourse of impoliteness, language ideology, and identity: offense-taking as social action
Authors: Su Hsi-Yao , Lee Wan-Hsin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the interwoven relationship between the metadiscourse of (im)politeness, language ideologies, and identity. It examines YouTube comments on a video recording of a controversial incident in Taiwan in which a Taiwanese American, J, insulted a bus driver in English, a marked language choice in the local context. It was found that J’s abusive language and his language choice being English were the top sources of offense as expressed in the comments, and four main strands of language ideologies are identified accordingly. We see the taking of offense in the critical comments as social actions in two senses: each comment is an individual pragmatic act sanctioning a perceived moral transgression, while, collectively, the comments serve as a discursive space where language ideologies are shaped, contested, and reinforced. We further explore how various identities, such as “foreigner”, “ABC”, and “Taiwanese” are discursively constructed in the process of impoliteness assessment and how the perceived attack on the driver’s social identity face is motivated by J’s perceived identities and presumed language proficiency. We argue that the shift in focus to the evaluativity of (im)politeness makes it possible to bring (im)politeness research and sociolinguistics closer to each other.
Self-Assembly of a Cd2+Compound with 4-Pyridylthioacetic Acid: Structural and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Tzeng Biing-Chiau , Yeh Hsien-Te 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An interesting 3-D supramolecular architecture has been constructed through O-H・ ・ ・O and S・ ・ ・S weak interactions based on a neutral 1-D coordination polymer, [Cd(pyta)2(H2O)]n (pyta = pyridylthiocarboxylate), by self-assembly of the Cd2+ion and Hpyta ligand. This supramolecular approach is achieved in combination of coordinative bonds, O-H・ ・ ・O and S・ ・ ・S interactions. The tetragonal unit of 1-D coordination polymers forms a 1-D channel structure with a dimension of 5.35×6.86 Å2in the solid state, leading to the formation of zeolite-like materials. In combination with the zeolitelike nature of the title compound as well as its luminescence behavior, it is expected to find useful applications in luminescence sensing for VOCs (volatile organic compounds).
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Thermal Decomposition Reaction of the New Copper(I) Cyanide Coordination Polymer Poly[tri-μ2-cyano-C,N)- bis(μ2-2,3-dimethyl-pyrazine-N,N)]tricopper(I)
Authors: Greve Jan , Näther Christian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The new copper(I) coordination polymer poly[tri-μ2-cyano-C,N)-bis(μ2-2,3-dimethyl-pyrazine- N,N)] tricopper(I) (I) was prepared by the reaction of copper(I) cyanide with 2,3-dimethylpyrazine in acetonitrile. In the crystal structure of Ia novel CuCN substructure is found which is connected by the dimethylpyrazine ligands into a three-dimensional coordination network. The thermal properties of Iwere investigated using simultaneous differential thermoanalysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG) and mass spectrometry (MS) as well as temperature resolved X-ray powder diffraction. On heating, compound Ilooses a part of the dimethylpyrazine ligands in an endothermic reaction to form the known ligand poor compound (CuCN)2-(2,3-dimethylpyrazine) IIas an intermediate which decomposes to CuCN on further heating.
Secondary metabolites from Detarium microcarpum Guill. and Perr. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Fouatio Feudjou William , Mbock Arnaud Michel , Tedjon Sielinou Valerie , Fouotsa Hugue , Njonté Wouamba Steven Collins , Kamkumo Gounoue Racéline , Freeze Marcel , Stammler Hans-Georg , Kezeutas Bankeu Jean Jules , Pierre Mkounga , Ndjakou Lenta Bruno , Tiabou Tchinda Alembert , Sewald Norbert , Nkengfack Augustin Ephrem 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The chemical investigation of the ethanol/water (7:3) extract of the roots of Detarium microcarpum (Fabaceae) led to the isolation of one new labdane diterpenoid, microcarpin (1) and one new ceramide derivative, microcarpamide (2), along with eight known secondary metabolites (3–10) including, 5-(carboxymethyl)-5,6,8a-trimethyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (3), microcarposide (4), rhinocerotinoic acid (5), 1,7-dihydroxy-6-methylxanthone (6), ursolic acid (7), 3β,23-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (8), alphitolic acid (9), and stigmasterol glucoside (10). The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on their spectroscopic data. Although compounds 3 and 4 are known, their crystalline structures are reported here for the first time. These compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antisalmonella activity. The results obtained showed that, microcarpamide (2), microcarposide (4), and rhinocerotinoic acid (5) were moderately active against three salmonella strains: Salmonella typhi, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimirium, with minimum inhibition concentration values of 76.7 and 153.5 μM.
Comparative analysis of the CYP2D6 metabolic activity and its effect on its effect on the treatment results of primary breast cancer
Authors: Mekhtieva N. I. , Lyubchenko L. N. , Zikiryakhodzhaev A. D. , Starkova M. V. 
Published: February 2022

Background. Standard treatment for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer includes long-term hormone therapy. However, treatment efficacy varies even in homogeneous groups of patients. Tamoxifen is metabolized in the liver, resulting in the production of endoxifen, its active metabolite. Cytochromes P450 (CYP2D6, etc.) play a major role in converting tamoxifen to endoxifen. The CYP2D6 gene is extremely polymorphic and has more than 100 alleles that can encode normal, high, and low metabolic activity or be inactive. Thus, patients can be divided into three groups according to the presence or absence of CYP2D6 gene polymorphisms, namely slow, intermediate, and rapid metabolizers. Objective – to analyze the long-term results of complex treatment of patients with early breast cancer depending on the variability of the polymorphism of the CYP2D6 gene. Materials and methods. We analyzed the frequency of 3 main polymorphisms in the CYP2D6 gene among 89 patients with hormone receptor-positive stage I–II breast cancer who received tamoxifen at a dose of 20 mg/day as adjuvant hormone therapy for 6 months to 9 years. Homozygous carriers of wild-type CYP2D6 allele were assigned to the group of patients with unchanged (normal) metabolism (Group 1) (wt CYP2D6) (n = 64), whereas homozygous and heterozygous carriers of non-functional CYP2D6 alleles were included into the group of patients with slow metabolism (Group 2) (n = 25). Results. Disease progression was observed in 21 (23.6 %) patients with primary operable hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, including 10 women from Group 1 (15.6 %) and 11 women from Group 2 (44 %); the difference between them was statistically significant (p <0.05). Disease progression after combination therapy without chemotherapy was registered in 8 (22.9 %) patients, including 2 (5.8 %) patients with normal metabolism and 6 patients (17.1 %) with slow metabolism (р <0.05). Ten-year relapse-free survival rate was 85.9 % in Group 1 and 63.6 % in Group 2 (р = 0.02). We found no significant difference in overall survival rates between the two groups, which confirmed the results of other studies. Conclusion. The assessment of metabolic activity and its impact on the efficacy of combination treatment for breast cancer is a promising method; however, it requires further research in this area.