bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare Earth Metallosis: Gadolinium-rich Nanoparticle Formation from Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents in Rodent and Human Kidney
Authors: Wagner Brent , DeAguero Joshua , Howard Tamara , Kusewitt Donna , Brearley Adrian , Ali Abdul , Degnan James , Jett Stephen , Watt John , Escobar G. , Dokladny Karol 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The leitmotifs of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent-induced complications range from acute kidney injury, symptoms associated with gadolinium exposure (SAGE)/gadolinium deposition disease, potentially gadolinium encephalopathy, and irreversible systemic fibrosis. Gadolinium is the active ingredient of these contrast agents, a non-physiologic lanthanide metal. The mechanisms of MRI contrast agent-induced diseases are unknown. Mice were treated with a MRI contrast agent. Human kidney tissues from contrast-naïve and MRI contrast agent-treated patients were obtained and analyzed. Kidneys (human and mouse) were assessed with transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy with x-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS). MRI contrast agent treatment resulted in unilamellar vesicles and mitochondriopathy in renal epithelium. Electron-dense intracellular precipitates and the outer rim of lipid droplets were rich in gadolinium and phosphorus. We conclude that MRI contrast agents are not physiologically inert. The long-term safety of these synthetic organometallic compounds, especially with repeated use, should be studied further.
U-SegNet with Parallel Pooling Attention for Crop Pest Detection
Authors: Zhang Shanwen , Huang Wenzhun , Wang Zhen , Wang Harry Haoxiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Crop pests seriously affect the yield and quality of crops. Early pest detection is the premise and basis of scientific pest control in modern intelligent agriculture. However, due to the small size, and irregular shapes, postures, colors and appearances of pests in the field, the detection of pests is always a challenging problem. To solve the problems of the traditional pest detection methods, such as low identification accuracy and vulnerability to orientation, shape, illumination and complex background, a modified U-SegNet model with parallel pooling attention (U-SegNet-PPA) is proposed for pest detection. It is a symmetric hybrid architecture consisting of U-Net, SegNet and parallel pooling attention (PPA), where skip connection and incorporates ﬁne multi-scale feature are used to describe the pixels and boundary of the pest images, and PPA is added into U-SegNet to capture the compositional semantic features of the pest image. Comparing with fully convolutional network (FCN), U-Net, SegNet and U-SegNet, it has some advantages of fast training speed and few model parameters, and attention mechanism and data augmentation are utilized to greatly improve the performance of pest detection in field. The experimental results on our newly collected crop pest image dataset show that the proposed approach performs better than other state-of-the-art methods. It can provide a valuable support for the detection, identiﬁcation and severity estimation of crop pests.
COVID-19 transmission risk in Surabaya and Sidoarjo: An inhomogeneous marked Poisson point process approach
Authors: Choiruddin Achmad , Hannanu Firdaus Fabrice , Mateu Jorge , Fitriyanah Vanda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of COVID-19 transmission is necessary to plan better strategies for controlling the spread of the disease. However, only a few studies explore the COVID-19 transmission risk over a fine spatial resolution while considering relevant spatial and temporal factors. To this aim, we consider an inhomogeneous marked Poisson point process model to assess COVID-19 transmission risk using data of home addresses of confirmed cases, in relation to locations of sources of crowd (enterprise, market, and place of worship) and population density in Surabaya and Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Our marked model is able to analyze how the spatial covariates are varying with time, helping authorities to evaluate the information of covariates depending on the period in which restrictions are taking place. Our results show that enterprise, place of worship, and population densities have significant impact to the transmission risk in Surabaya and Sidoarjo. We finally provide predicted risk maps which provide additional information based on the demographic-based risk analysis to help conduct more efficient testing, tracing, and vaccination programs.
Mast cells activation mediates blood-brain barrier impairment and cognitive dysfunction of septic mice in a histamine dependent pathway
Authors: Yue Jianhe , Tan Ying , Huan Renzheng , Guo Jin , Yang Sha , Deng Mei , Xiong Yunbiao , Han Guoqiang , Liu Lin , Liu Jian , Cheng Yuan , Zha Yan , Zhang Jiqin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse cerebral dysfunction resulting from a systemic inflammatory response to infection, but the pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. Sepsis-induced neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB)disruption have been demonstrated as the crucial factors in the brain functional disturbance in SAE. Mast cells (MCs) activation has been reported to play an important role in several neuroinflammation models. However, the role of MCs in SAE has not been comprehensively investigated.
Methods: We first established a SAE model by cecal ligation puncture (CLP) surgery and checked the activation of MCs. We further analyzed the effects of MCs on neuroinflammation response, BBB permeability, cognitive function, and the underlying molecular mechanism in both tissue samples and cellular co-culture system. MCs activation was measured using immumohistochemical staining and 1% Toluidine Blue (TB) staining. We administrated a MC stabilizer, Cromolyn (10mg/ml), to rescue the septic mice. Brain cytokines levels were measured using biochemical assays. BBB disruption was assessed by measuring levels of key tight-junction (TJ) proteins. Cognitive function of mice was analyzed by Y maze and open field test. Transwell cultures of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) co-cultured with MCs were used to assess the effect of LPS (1mg/ml) on expression of TJ proteins. The expression of TJ and TLR2/4-MAPK signaling pathway proteins were measured by immunoblotting and/or immunofluorescence.
Results: The results showed that MCs were seriously overactivated in the hippocampus of CLP-induced SAE mice. The inhibition of MCs by Cromolyn i.c.v injection significantly inhibited the inflammation responses, ameliorated the impairment of the BBB, improved the survival rate, and alleviated cognitive dysfunction. In vitro experiments, we revealed that MCs activation increased the sensitivity of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) against to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Furthermore, we found that histamine-H1R mediates the interaction between MCs and BMVECs, and amplifies the LPS induced inflammation response in BMVECs by modulating the TLR2/4-MAPKsignaling pathway.
Conclusions: The activation of MCs mediates BBB impairment and cognitive dysfunction of septic mice in a histamine dependent pathway.
Features of myocardial contractility of the right atrium and ventricle transformation in a model of pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by monocrotaline
Authors: Gerzen Oksana P. , Lisin Ruslan V. , Balakin Alexander A. , Mukhlynina Elena A. , Kuznetsov Daniil A. , Nikitina Larisa V. , Protsenko Yuri L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) leads to changes in the pump function of the heart and causes right-sided hypertrophy and heart failure. The study of the mechanical function of multicellular myocardial preparations was performed on isolated strips of the right atrium (RA) and trabeculae of the right ventricle (RV) of control (CONT) and monocrotaline-treated (MCT) male rats. The mechanical characteristics of the actin-myosin interaction were studied in the right-sided heart chambers from the CONT and MCT groups. For the first time, a comparative study of the contractile characteristics of myocardial preparations of both RA and RV in MCT-induced PAH at the molecular and multicellular levels was performed. For both RA and RV of MCT-treated rats, it was shown a decrease in the fraction of motile filaments and the maximum sliding velocity of actin and reconstituted thin filaments over myosin accompanied by a shift in α-/β-myosin heavy chains (MHC) ratio towards β-MHC. In the RA strips and RV trabeculae, a decrease in the maximum shortening velocity, the amplitude of isometric tension, the amount of work, and an increase in the end-systolic length were found. PAH leads to a greater drop in right atrial contractility than that of the ventricle.
Extraction of naringin and evaluation of its hypolipidemic activity
Authors: Yu Xiao-lei , Meng Xin , Yan Yi-Di , Wang Hui , Zhang Lei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose:Pomelo peel is a natural plant product with numerous pharmacological effects and is used in traditional Chinese medicine. Pomelo peel is currently prescribed mainly for respiratory diseases. However, there are few reports on its hypolipidemic efficacy. In the present study, we extracted naringin from pomelo peel and investigated its hypolipidemic activity in a mouse hyperlipidemia model.
Methods: We used ultrasonic assisted extraction to extract naringin from pomelo peel, identified the structure of naringin.The hyperlipidemia mouse model was established. After intragastric administration of naringin for 5 weeks, we measured the weight change, organ index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), serum total cholesterol (TC), serum triglycerides (TG), liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, malondialdehyde (MDA) , alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST)level of mice in normal control group, high fat diet group and high, medium and low dose naringin group. The pathological changes in the liver were observed under a light microscope. The total RNA of liver was extracted, and the mRNA expression level of lipid metabolism related factors in mouse liver was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.
Result and conclusion: Naringin significantly (P<0.01) reduced the body weight, organ index, serum TG, LDL-C and TC levels of hyperlipidemic mice, but significantly (P<0.01) increased the serum HDL-C levels. In addition, naringin significantly (P<0.01) increased GSH Px and SOD activity, significantly (P<0.01) decreased MDA, ALT, AST levels, and significantly (P<0.01) decreased liver index. There was no statistically significant difference in brain, heart, spleen, kidney and other indicators (P>0.05). Histopathological analysis of mouse liver showed that naringin could alleviate the degenerative damage of fatty liver cells in hyperlipidemic mice. Naringin could significantly (p<0.01) reduce the expression of FAS and SREBP-1c mRNA, and significantly (p<0.01) increase PPARα mRNA expression. This study shows that naringin has a strong effect of lowering lipid and protecting liver in hyperlipidemic mice. These findings will help clarify the efficacy and mechanism of naringin in preventing hyperlipidemia, obesity and atherosclerosis. Naringin can be regarded as a special medical food for lipid-lowering intervention.
Comprehensive analysis of GEO data reveals potential miRNA-mRNA regulation axis and analyses the role of key regulatory axis on osteoarthritis
Authors: Ying Pu , Xu Yue , Jiang Xiaowei , Wang Kejie , Xue Yi , Wang Qiang , Ding Wenge , Dai Xiaoyu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a heterogeneous disease with complex etiology. However, there is no effective treatment strategy at present. The purpose of this study is to explore the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and molecular mechanism that regulate the progression of osteoarthritis. In this article, we downloaded dataset (GSE55457, GSE82107, GSE143514 and GSE55235) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to screen differentially expressed mRNAs in osteoarthritis. Then, through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction networks (PPI), miRNA-mRNA co-expression network, ROC curve, immune infiltration analysis and qPCR, the mRNA PLCD3, which was highly expressed in osteoarthritis and had clinical predictive value, was screened. Whereafter, we found that PLCD3 directly targets miR-34a-5p through DIANA and dual luciferase experiment. And the expression of PLCD3 and miR-34a-5p were negatively correlated. In addition, CCK-8 and wound healing showed that miR-34a-5p mimic inhibited hFLS-OA cell proliferation and promoted hFLS-OA cell migration. PLCD3 overexpression showed an opposite trend. Western further found that overexpression of miR-34a-5p reduced the protein expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT, while overexpression of PLCD3 also showed the opposite trend. Besides, combined with the effect of PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor BIO(IC50 = 5.95 µM), the results showed that overexpression of miR-34a-5p increased the inhibitory effect of BIO on p-PI3K and p-AKT protein expression, while overexpression of PLCD3 significantly reversed the inhibitory effect. In all, the miR-34a-5p/PLCD3 axis may mediate the PI3K/AKT pathway in regulating cartilage homeostasis in synovial osteoarthritis. These data indicate that miR-34a-5p/PLCD3 may be a new prognostic factor in the pathology of synovial osteoarthritis.
Reference intervals for Cd, Hg, Mn and Pb in the general children of Kinshasa (DR Congo)
Authors: Tuakashikila Y. M. , Mata H. M. , Kabamba M. M. , Malumba A. M. , Tuakuila J. K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The RIs (reference intervals), proposed by the IFCC (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine) and the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), were derived for Cd, Hg, Mn and Pb in the blood and urine of the children population living Kinshasa (n = 200, aged 3–14 years with 97 girls). Metals were measured using coupled plasma mass (ICP-MS). In blood, the proposed RIs [P5-P95 (GM)] were 0.022–1.112 µg/L (0.074), 35.69–144.50 µg/L (71.43), 0.060 to 1.161 µg/L (0.208) and 6.597–15.740 µg/L (9.882) for Cd, Pb, Hg and Mn, respectively. Urinary levels [(P5-P95 (GM)] were 0.082–1.530 µg/L(0.366) for Cd, 1.827–18.500 µg/L (5.458) for Pb, 0.323–1.953 µg/L (0.709) for Hg and 0.070 to 1.703 µg/L (0.186) for Mn. As compared to the CDC updated blood Pb reference value (3.5 µg/dL), Pb levels remain higher of public health concern. Cd and Mn levels were similar to those found in the same city in 2015 and databases involving non-occupationally exposed populations from other countries. Hg levels significantly lower than those found in the same city in 2015, probably due to exclusion criteria of metal exposure applying in the present survey (occupationally exposed to the studied metals, smoking habits, amalgam tooth fillings, fish consumption habit more than one time per week, etc.). These background metal exposures will be useful for future occupational and/or environmental surveys as well as undertaking a reliable regulation of chemical exposure in Kinshasa via a national HBM program.
Lysinibacillus macroides 38328, a potential probiotics strain, enhances antioxidant capacity and avian influenza virus vaccine immune response in laying hens
Authors: Zhu Xinyi , Sun Tong , Sun Xiaoyi , Chen Huinan , He Huilin , Duan Haoyuan , Zhang Chuankun , Shangguan Haikun , Yang Hongliang , Zhang Runxiang , Ge Junwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Lysinibacillus sp. is a spore-forming gram-positive bacterium showing excellent adaptive capacity to environment, convenience to storage and antimicrobial properties. Thus, it has appeared a huge potential as probiotics in application, but related studies remain limited. This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementary Lysinibacillus (L.) macroides 38328 in drinking water on antioxidant capacity and avian influenza virus vaccine immune response of laying hens. Hereon, layers were fed with drinking water with or without supplementary L. macroides 38328 at the dose of 7×109 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). The results showed that supplementation with L. macroides 38328 significantly improved the layers’ productive performance while enhancing their antioxidant capacity and immunity. According to the testing results, the rise of serum T-AOC and the downtrend of serum MDA were significant (P < 0.05), while the uptrend of serum SOD concentration was extremely significant (P < 0.01). The bacillus additive also markedly increased the hens’ Stimulation Index and the AIV antibody titer to a trivalent inactivated H5 + H7 vaccine (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, significant improvements (P < 0.05) of productive performance indexes were also noted in treated birds. In conclusion, with its oral safety for laying hens verified, supplementary L. macroides 38328 had positive effects on layers’ heath condition and productivity, indicating great applied potential as a new probiotics strain.
The Impact of Patent Applications on Technological Innovation in European Countries
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Costantiello Alberto , Laureti Lucio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

We investigate the innovational determinants of “Patent Applications” in Europe. We use data from the European Innovation Scoreboard-EIS of the European Commission for 36 countries in the period 2010-2019. We use Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS, WLS and Dynamic Panel. We found that the variables that have a deeper positive association with “Patent Applications” are “Human Resources” and “Intellectual Assets”, while the variables that show a more intense negative relation with Patent Applications are “Employment Share in Manufacturing” and “Total Entrepreneurial Activity”. A cluster analysis with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient has been realized. The results show the presence of two clusters. A network analysis with the distance of Manhattan has been performed and we find three different complex network structures. Finally, a comparison is made among eight machine learning algorithms for the prediction of the future value of the “Patent Applications”. We found that PNN-Probabilistic Neural Network is the best performing algorithm. Using PNN the results show that the mean future value of “Patent Applications” in the estimated countries is expected to decrease of -0.1%.
WITHDRAWN: Cross Double Slit Experiment: Non-Interference Pattern Evolving to Interference Pattern --- Precise Rule of Convex Lens
Authors: peng hui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The standard interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. Recently, the photon chamber has been proposed and utilized to study the behavior of photons near the detecting screen. The experiments show that the light behaves as photons propagating along the straight-line trajectories that distribute as waves. Furthermore, the photon chamber placed near the double slit shows the non-interference pattern. In this article we show how the non-interference pattern evolves gradually to the interference pattern in the same cross double slit experiment: (1) the convex lens is placed at 50 mm from the diaphragm of the cross double slit, the non-interference pattern shows and has four primary maximum intensities (Figure (a)); (2) at 100 mm, the four primary maximum intensities disappeared (Figure (b)); (3) at 200 mm (Figure (c)); (4) at 600 mm, the interference pattern shown (Figure (d)), namely the non-interference pattern evolves to the interference pattern. The optics wave and electromagnetic wave theories cannot interpret this phenomenon and thus, is incomplete. This phenomenon provides information for further theoretical development. The cross double slit experiment is complex than the double slit experiments. We briefly discuss the complexity of the cross double slit experiment and show the comparison of both. Declaration: the author declares that there is no potential interest conflict.
Intermediate Semantic Multi-view Recommender System Based on Multimodal Knowledge Graph
Authors: Mark  , Joan  , Joseph  , Allan  
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to the huge amount of multimedia data and the backwardness of traditional data management technology for multimedia data management, it is difficult for people to get the data of interest from the huge amount of multimedia data. Therefore, the problems of "data overload" and "more multimedia data but less knowledge" have emerged. Recommendation system is born to solve such problems. Today, recommendation systems are becoming the core technology of many Internet products. The core problem that recommendation algorithms solve is to evaluate goods or services that users have not consumed themselves, and to recommend goods or services that may be of interest to users. Traditional video recommendation based on the metadata of video (text) or image content of video (image) as video content analysis only considers the content analysis of individual video modalities. However, video data contains information of multiple modalities of text, image and audio, and the multimodal content and the correlations in it are not explored. Therefore, existing video recommendation systems cannot achieve multi-view recommendation of videos. This paper addresses this problem by innovatively converting the multimodal information fusion process in knowledge graphs into an information propagation process on graphs and designing a new model. An intermediate semantic based metric is used. Based on the unimodal labeling, multimodal labeling is proposed to describe the multimodal semantic information in the video. Further, a multicore learning architecture is used to combine the semantics of multiple modalities so as to map the underlying multimodal features to a unified intermediate semantic space and learn the similarity metric function between videos based on the intermediate semantic space. Extensive experiments are conducted on real datasets. The experimental results show that our model outperforms the current mainstream collaborative filtering-based recommendation algorithms, knowledge graph-based recommendation algorithms, and multimodal learning-based recommendation algorithms.
Blood transcriptome analysis in a buck-ewe hybrid points towards an Nuclear Factor-kappa B lymphoproliferative autoimmune disorder
Authors: Falker-Gieske Clemens , Tetens Jens 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mammal hybridization is a speciation mechanism and an evolutionary driver. Goat-sheep, especially buck-ewe hybrids, are very rare with only one case reported in 2016, which is the subject of the work presented here. Blood transcriptome analysis revealed that the hybrid largely deviated from imprinting schemes previously described in sheep and other mammals. Furthermore, transcriptome regulation seems to differ from the parent transcriptomes, which is most likely a product of partially incompatible imprinting mechanisms from two closely related species. To gain a deeper understanding of hybridization in mammals we re-analyzed the RNA sequencing data of the buck-ewe hybrid and its parents. We found parent-of-origin-specific expression of genes that functionally clustered, which we explain with the Dobzhansky–Muller incompatibility (DMI) model. According to the DMI model, proteins which interact have a high probability of being barrier loci and hence are prone to monoallelic expression. We discovered enrichment of genes uniquely expressed by the buck-ewe hybrid, which implicate that it suffered from an NF-κB lymphoproliferative autoimmune disorder. Similar findings were reported in the F1 generation of hybrid mice. We propose that hybridization of two related species may lead to an autoimmune phenotype, due to immunoglobulin incompatibilities and incomplete silencing of barrier loci.