bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human skeletal muscle nitrate and nitrite in individuals with peripheral arterial disease: Effect of inorganic nitrate supplementation and exercise
Authors: Piknova Barbora , Woessner Mary N. , de Zevallos Joaquin Ortiz , Kraus William E. , VanBruggen Mitch D. , Schechter Alan N. , Allen Jason D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSkeletal muscle may act as a reservoir for N‐oxides following inorganic nitrate supplementation. This idea is most intriguing in individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD) who are unable to endogenously upregulate nitric oxide. This study analyzed plasma and skeletal muscle nitrate and nitrite concentrations along with exercise performance, prior to and following 12‐weeks of exercise training combined with oral inorganic nitrate supplementation (EX+BR) or placebo (EX+PL) in participants with PAD. Non‐supplemented, at baseline, there were no differences in plasma and muscle nitrate. For nitrite, muscle concentration was higher than plasma (+0.10 nmol.g−1). After 12 ‐weeks, acute oral nitrate increased both plasma and muscle nitrate (455.04 and 121.14 nmol.g−1, p < 0.01), which were correlated (r = 0.63, p < 0.01), plasma nitrate increase was greater than in muscle (p < 0.01). Nitrite increased in the plasma (1.01 nmol.g−1, p < 0.05) but not in the muscle (0.22 nmol.g−1) (p < 0.05 between compartments). Peak walk time (PWT) increased in both groups (PL + 257.6 s;BR + 315.0 s). Six‐minute walk (6 MW) distance increased only in the (EX+BR) group (BR + 75.4 m). We report no substantial gradient of nitrate (or nitrite) from skeletal muscle to plasma, suggesting a lack of reservoir‐like function in participants with PAD. Oral nitrate supplementation produced increases in skeletal muscle nitrate, but not skeletal muscle nitrite. The related changes in nitrate concentration between plasma and muscle suggests a potential for inter‐compartmental nitrate “communication”. Skeletal muscle did not appear to play a role in within compartment nitrate reduction. Muscle nitrate and nitrite concentrations did not appear to contribute to exercise performance in patients with PAD.
Influence of hydrochemical factors on morphometric variability of Scardinius erythrophthalmus in a freshwater river system
Authors: Klymenko M. , Gandziura V. , Biedunkova O. , Statnyk I. 
Published: December 2022

Studying fish growth is a complex task because growth depends on many factors. The process of fish growth is influenced by ecological factors of the water environment. Each species of fish has growth characteristics and characteristic changes in this process as a result of the action of natural and anthropogenic factors. We investigated the morphometric features of Scardinius erythrophthalmus in the hydroecosystem conditions of the Horyn River. Fish were caught by amateur fishing methods during 2018–2021 in the section of the hydrographic system of the Horyn River within the Rivne Plateau, which is the northern part of the Volhynian Upland , namely the Horyn River and its tributaries – the Zamchysko River, the Ustia River, and the Stubelka River. The catches included fish aged from 0+ (one-year-olds) to 5+ (five-year-olds). Growth variability was studied for fish aged 1+ to 4+ because their numbers were sufficient for statistical evaluation. We noticed clear features of the morphometric variability of the fish. According to the coefficient of variation for the general populations of S. erythrophthalmus from different rivers, there was mostly significant variability of such growth characteristics as the largest and smallest fish body height, total length, Smith length and short body length of fish. We also noticed the similarity of the morphometric variability of fish of different ages for the Horyn River and Stubelka River and Zamchisko River and Ustia River. The analysis and evaluation of the surface water quality of these rivers was also similar. Thus, Horyn and Stubla districts had a transitional state from II to III quality class, and the Zamchysko River and Ustya River districts had a transitional state from III to IV quality class. We conducted a multivariate regression and it revealed statistical significance and a close correlation between the coefficients of variation of the growth characteristics of fish with the phosphate content in the water (with an average value of the weighting coefficients of 0.50 ± 0.06), nitrite nitrogen (0.39 ± 0.10) and nitrate nitrogen (0.84 ± 0.34). The calculation of the specific growth of fish by full length revealed that the intensity of growth is the highest between the first and second year of life of fish for small rivers (Zamchysko River, Ustya River, Stubelka River) and between the second and third year for the Horyn River. The results presented in the article are valuable and describe the local variation in the morphometric variability of S. erythrophthalmus. This expanded the understanding of the influence of ecological factors of the aquatic environment on the formation of growth characteristics of this species of fish. In the future, our research will continue and study the linear growth of natural fish populations against the background of changes in the ecological and hydrological conditions of the studied region
The genus Crataegus (Rosaceae) in Armenia (an updated review)
Authors: Sargsyan M. V. 
Published: December 2022

The Rosaceae family plays a leading role in the dendroflora of Armenia. The Pyrus, Sorbus, Crataegus, Cotoneaster, Rubus and Rosa genera representing the family are of great importance in Armenia in the formation of various plant coexistences. With its species composition and taxonomic diversity, Crataegus is one of the largest genera in the Rosaceae family. Growing in Armenia in low, medium and high mountain zones, Crataegus has a great role in the formation of dendroflora: they are an important element of a number of forest coexistences, form a sub-forest with other representatives of dendroflora, grow in arid sparse forests, scrub, shoreline areas of mountain rivers. Crataegus is a valuable plant resource. Some species produce tasty and nutritious fruits that are rich in sugars, organic acids, mineral salts and vitamins. Since ancient times, the people of Armenia have used it in food and folk medicine, for example there is a decoction of hawthorn root and bark dyed threads. Currently, Crataegus has great economic importance. Drought-resistant and frost-resistant species are used as grafts for obtaining high-value varieties of apple, pear, and quince, decorative species are suitable for greening cities and settlements, creating living fences. Furniture and carpentry tools are made from its hard and strong natural wood. Due to their hardiness, some species of Crataegus are promising for the creation of arid arboretums in the lower and middle mountain zones of Armenia. In Armenia the genus Crataegus is represented by 23 species belonging to three sections: Crataegus, Pentagynae C. K. Schneid. and Azaroli Loud. Species C. ulotricha Pojark. ex Gladkova, C. razdanica Pojark. ex Sargsyan, C. gabrielianae Pojark. ex Sargsyan, C. susanykleinae Gabrieljan et Sargsyan and C. gregorianii Gabrielian et Sargsyan are endemic to Armenia. An updated key is provided to identify species based on new data. Altitudinal and geographical distribution of species, habitat, flowering and fruiting time are given.
Rare species of Carabidae and Cicindelidae in Dnipropetrovsk Region, Ukraine
Authors: Putchkov A. V. , Brygadyrenko V. V. 
Published: December 2022

Dnipropetrovsk Region is situated in the steppe zone of Ukraine, in conditions of insufficient moisture. Forest vegetation covers only 5.1% of the region. Over 80% of the region’s area is used for agricultural purposes. A total of 281 species of ground beetles is known for the region, of which this article gives the data on biology and distribution of 82 species that need protection: Cephalota atrata, C. besseri, C. elegans, Cicindela maritima, C. soluta, Cylindera arenaria, Leistus terminatus, Notiophilus rufipes, Calosoma sycophanta, C. denticolle, C. investigator, Carabus stscheglowi, C. clathratus, C. excellens, C. hungaricus, C. besseri, C. estreicheri, C. sibiricus, Blethisa multipunctata, Elaphrus uliginosus, Scarites terricola, Dyschirius chalceus, Dyschirius obscurus, Blemus discus, Epaphius secalis, Bembidion ephippium, B. aspericolle, Pogonus cumanus, Pogonistes convexicollis, Patrobus atrorufus, Stomis pumicatus, Pedius inquinatus, Pterostichus chamaeleon, P. elongatus, P. macer, P. melas, Taphoxenus gigas, Laemostenus terricola, Agonum impressum, A. marginatum, A. monachum, A. sexpunctatum, A. viridicupreum, Olisthopus sturmii, Synuchus vivalis, Amara chaudoiri, A. crenata, A. equestris, A. fulva, A. sabulosa, Curtonotus convexiusсulus, Anisodastylus poeciloides, Diachromus germanus, Acupalpus interstitialis, A. suturalis, Stenolophus discophorus, Daptus vittatus, Harpalus cephalotes, H. dispar, H. hirtipes, Н. laeviceps, H. luteicornis, H. melancholicus, H. steveni, H. subcylindricus, Microderes brachypus, Ophonus diffinis, Dixus eremita, Panagaeus bipustulatus, Callistus lunatus, Dinodes decipiens, Chlaenius alutaceus, Ch. festivus, Licinus cassideus, Badister dorsiger, Masoreus wetterhalli, Lebia humeralis, Demetrias imperialis, Cymindis axillaris, Polystichus connexus, Brachinus ejaculans, B. hamatus, Mastax thermarum. To formalize the data on each species, the article provides characteristics of its ecological niche: thermal preferendum, hygro-preferendum, biotopical characteristic, biogeohorizon, trophic preferences, practical significance and protection measures. The main factors of decline in diversity of the fauna of ground beetles in Dnipropetrovsk Region are arable farming, chemical treatment of agricultural land, unregulated cattle grazing, recreational loading, large scale construction in floodplain areas.
Improving Guntingan Skills by Using Simple Training Tools
Authors: Widiastuti Widiastuti , Wardoyo Hendro , Muslim Budi Ariyanto , Taufik Muhamad Syamsul , Solahuddin Soleh , Mulya Gumilar 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of training using simple training tools, namely rubber band, ropes and foam sticks, on the Guntingan skills of Pencak Silat athletes.
Materials and methods. This study used an experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. In this design there were two sample groups, namely the experimental simple training tools group and the simple guntingan skills training group. 60 athletes from Betako Merpati Putih PPS Pencak Silat School at MA Al-Khairiyah Jakarta participated in this study, devided into two groups where the experimental group included 30 students and the control group included 30 students. This study used a waist guntingan test instrument which consists of 26 aspects of assessment that were validated by 3 experts in Pencak Silat.
Results. There are significant differences in the participants’ test results before and after they were given training using simple tools and traditional training to improve guntingan skills, but there is a difference in the effect of each of the guntingan skill trainings in the two groups. The training using simple training tools has better effect on the guntingan skills than the traditional training method.
Conclusions. Unconventional training tools are effective to be used in Pencak Silat guntingan skills training. The improvement of athletes in performing guntingan skills shows that simple training tools can be used for Pencak Silat training. Further study could observe the effect of the tools used in this study on other Pencak Silat skills, or skills in other martial arts and sports.
Moderate-intensity Exercise Decreases Cortisol Response in Overweight Adolescent Women
Authors: Setiakarnawijaya Yasep , Widiastuti Widiastuti , Taufik Muhamad Syamsul , Kuswahyudi Kuswahyudi , Awaluddin Awaluddin , Sina Ibnu , Hasyim Andi Hasriadi , Hasyim Hasyim , Hafidz Abdul , Muharram Nur Ahmad 
Published: December 2022

The study purpose was to demonstrate the effect of moderate-intensity exercise on reducing cortisol levels in overweight adolescent women.
Materials and methods. This study is an actual trial study with a pre-test randomized control group design involving 20 overweight adolescent women aged 19–22 as research subjects who were randomly divided into two groups, namely CNG (n = 10, control group) and EXG (n = 10, moderate-intensity exercise group). The moderate-intensity exercise intervention was performed for 40 minutes on a treadmill. Cortisol levels were measured using an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Data analysis technique used t-test of independent samples and correlation test using Pearson's correlation coefficient with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.
Results. Cortisol levels were obtained as a result of the best means between CNG and EXG (222.57 ± 56.04 vs 225.56 ± 63.96 ng/mL, (p ≥ 0.05)), post-test cortisol levels between CNG and EXG (238, 27 ± 77.94 vs 118.13 ± 12.90 ng/mL, (p ≤ 0.001)) and cortisol Δ between CNG vs EXG (15.71 ± 13.14 vs -107.43 ± 21, 13 ng/mL, (p ≤ 0.001)). Cortisol levels also showed a positive relationship with markers of overweight (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusions. Based on the study results, it was concluded that the cortisol response decreased after moderate-intensity exercise and found a positive relationship between cortisol levels and markers of overweight. These results could be used as a long-term approach to modifying an active lifestyle to reduce stress levels.
The Effect of 12-Week Calisthenics Exercise on Physical Fitness among Obese Female Students
Authors: Sakinah Mohd Hassan , Malek Nor Fazila Abd , Thariq Khan Azizuddin Khan , Ishak Asmadi , Hashim Hairul Anuar , Chee Keong Chen 
Published: December 2022

Study purpose. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of calisthenics exercise on physical fitness.
Materials and methods. 28 obese female students aged 20–30 with a BMI ranging between 30 kg/m2 and 35 kg/m2 were involved in this study. Participants were randomly divided into three groups which comprised a calisthenics exercise group, an aerobic calisthenics exercise and a control group. Sit and reach test (flexibility), sit up test (muscular endurance) and 20-meter shuttle run test (cardiovascular endurance) were measured as physical fitness parameters. All the tests were conducted before and after a 12-week intervention training program.
Results. The results of this study indicate that the calisthenics and aerobic calisthenics groups had significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the sit and reach test performance compared to the control group. The aerobic calisthenics group also showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the sit up and 20-metre shuttle run test performance compared to the calisthenics and control groups.
Conclusions. In conclusion, these study findings demonstrated that calisthenics exercise when combined with aerobic exercise was more effective to improve flexibility, muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance among obese female students compared to calisthenics exercise only. Therefore, it is suggested that fitness trainers should consider combining calisthenics exercise with aerobics in the training program to improve flexibility, muscular and cardiovascular endurance.
Effects of Individualized Training and Respiratory Muscle Training on Pulmonary Function among Collegiate Swimmers: an Experimental Study
Authors: Muthusamy Sivaguru , Balasubramanian K , Subramaniam Ambusam , Balasubramnaiyam Arun 
Published: December 2022

The study aimed to examine the effect of individualized (IT) and respiratory muscle training (RMT) on pulmonary function among collegiate swimmers.
Materials and methods. The study recruited 43 healthy collegiate swimmers aged 18 to 25, and they were freestyle non-elite swimmers who swam at least three days a week. The participants were divided into three groups of Usual training (Control Group A), Respiratory muscle training (Experimental Group B) and Combination of respiratory muscle training and individualized training (Experimental Group C). The repeated measures two-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the differences within and between (time x group) the groups upon completion of the four-week intervention.
Results. Both experimental groups (Group B and C) showed significant improvement within the groups. Whereas in between-group comparison, Group C (RMT and IT) showed tremendous improvement with significant differences in FVC value, predicted FVC value (percent), FEV1, FEV (percent), and predicted MVV, with the exception of the FEV1/FVC predicted ratio percent.
Conclusions. When RMT and IT are used combined, swimmers’ performance increases more than when RMT and usual training are used separately. The findings suggest that training instructors may adapt RMT and IT techniques to fit the individual demands of swimmers in order to increase progress and performance efficiency, especially among competitive swimmers.
Effect of Plyometric Exercise and Leg Muscle Endurance on the Agility and VO₂max of Badminton Athletes
Authors: Nugroho Sigit , Hidayat Rezha Arzhan , Komari Amat , Pratama Kukuh Wahyudin , Karakauki Manil , Ali Syed Kamaruzaman Syed 
Published: December 2022

Study purpose. This study aimed to determine: (1) the difference in the effect of plyometric ladder drill and hurdle drill exercises on agility and VO2max, (2) the difference in the effect of badminton athletes’ high and low leg muscle endurance on agility and VO2max, (3) interaction between plyometric ladder drill and hurdle drill exercises with high and low leg muscle endurance on agility and VO2max.
Materials and methods. This research was an experimental study with a 2x2 factorial design. The study sample was badminton athletes, totaling 24 people who were randomly selected from a population of 45 people. The instrument to measure agility was the T Drill Test, and that to measure VO2max was the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). The data analysis technique used was the two-way ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05.
Results. The study findings are as follows: (1) there is a significant difference in the effect of ladder drill and hurdle drill exercises on the agility of badminton athletes, whereas ladder drill and hurdle drill exercises have an equally good effect on increasing VO2max; (2) there is a significant difference in effect of badminton athletes’ high and low leg muscle endurance on agility and VO2max; (3) there is a significant interaction between ladder drill and hurdle drill exercises and high and low leg muscle endurance on agility, whereas both exercises are equally well used to provide VO2max improvement.
Conclusions. Based on the results of the study and the results of the data analysis that was carried out, it was concluded that there is a significant difference in the effect of plyometric ladder drill and hurdle drill exercises on the agility of badminton athletes.
Effective Learning Environments in Physical Education
Authors: Rohmansyah Nur Azis , Hiruntrakul Ashira 
Published: December 2022

Background. Physical education (PE) has been acknowledged as important by scholars all across the world. As a result, they have been looking for techniques to improve PE teaching and learning. There are various ways that may be used to improve PE teaching and learning. The most effective way identified in the research, however, is the classroom management approach. Furthermore, because the learning atmosphere in the classroom is inappropriate, PE teachers have been unable to regulate the class and handle students’ discipline problems.
Study purpose. As a result, the goal of this study is to explore the impact of classroom management practices on the learning environment.
Materials and methods. The Classroom Management Methods questionnaire and the Self-Evaluation of Teaching Effectiveness in PE questionnaire were used to collect data from 359 instructors in a high school in Indonesia.
Results. The findings demonstrated that preventative and corrective techniques have a considerable impact on the learning environment. Meanwhile, the supporting approach has no discernible effect on the learning environment. These findings can help school administrators, such as the principal and PE teacher, choose suitable classroom management strategies to deal with misconduct.
Conclusions. As a result, improving and sustaining a good learning environment in high schools also supports the teaching and learning process, hence increasing students’ learning efficiency.
Integral Assessment of the Technical and Tactical Activity of a Highly Qualified Football Team
Authors: Kostiukevych Viktor , Lazarenko Nataliia , Konnov Stanislav , Vozniuk Tetiana , Shynkaruk Oksana , Asauliuk Inna , Shchepotina Natalia , Voitenko Serhii , Svirshchuk Nataliia 
Published: December 2022

The study purpose was to carry out a comparative analysis of special indicators of the integral assessment of the technical and tactical football activity of the national team of Ukraine and national teams of various European countries.
Materials and methods. The study included pedagogical observation and video recording of the competitive activity of highly qualified football players of the national team of Ukraine and national teams of European countries within the framework of the 2021 (2020) European Football Championship. In total, the Ukrainian team played 5 matches at the European Championship. The integral assessment reflects the quantitative (coefficients of intensity, mobility, aggressiveness) and qualitative (coefficients of effectiveness, efficiency of single combat, creativity) indicators of the technical and tactical activity of the football team.
Results. In the course of the European Football Championship, the average value of the integral assessment of the technical and tactical activity of the Ukrainian team was 5.34±0.24 points, which was not statistically different (p=0.875) from the indicator of the rival national teams, i.e. 5.36±0.31 points. In the national team of Ukraine, in relation to the European champion of the national team of Italy, lower indicators were observed ​​not only for the integral assessment – by 1.09 points (16.6%), but also for almost all specific indicators: for intensity coefficient – by 0.36 points (26.9%), for mobility coefficient – by 0.49 points (21.6%), for aggressiveness coefficient – by 0.14 points (15.5%), for effectiveness coefficient – by 0.02 points (2.3%), for creativity coefficient – by 0.12 points (25.0%).
Conclusions. The developed integrated assessment of the technical and tactical activity of a football team comprises six special coefficients: intensity coefficient, mobility coefficient, aggressiveness coefficient, effectiveness coefficient, coefficient of efficiency of single combat, and creativity coefficient. The established values ​​of the specific coefficients of the integral assessment of the technical and tactical activity of the national football team of Ukraine can be considered as models and be the basis for correcting the training and competition processes.