bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Saudi Arabian Manufacturing and Service Organization Sustainability and Future Research Directions
Authors: Al-Alqam Mohammed S , Rehman Ateekh Ur , Alsultan Marwan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Currently, organizations face a range of dynamic challenges to maintain long-term market sustainability. Examples of these challenges are developing and improving their product and or service quality, increasing operational efficiency, complying with safety regulations, enhancing the triple bottom line of agility in manufacturing products and satisfying customer demand. Saudi Arabia has a vision for 2030 where sustainability is one of the corner stones. Here the objective is to explore sustainability awareness in Saudi organizations and their commitment to sustainability; and to present a brief review of approaches adopted by researchers who have implemented sustainability evaluations in different organizations around the world. It is evident that Saudi manufacturing organizations continue to pursue long-term market sustainability, but researchers have not explored sustainability in detail. In particular, an assessment of the sustainability of Saudi manufacturing organizations is lagging. Further studies are needed to develop a model that can be used to assess the sustainability of Saudi manufacturing and service organizations.
Estimation of the Large Diameter Bored Pile Ultimate Capacity Using Different Design Methods: Assessment Study
Authors: Al-Atroush M E , Aloufi M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, in situ measurements of two well-instrumented loading tests performed on large diameter bored piles (LDBP) have been utilized to assess the reliability of the predicted ultimate pile capacity using three settlement-based and capacity-based methods. The first test was conducted on a short LDBP with a 1.3m and 9.50 length. This LDBP was constructed in stiff clay soil and loaded till the achievement of the failure. While the second in-situ loading test was performed on a long LDBP with a 1.00 m diameter and 34.00 m length. This LDBP was constructed in multi-layered soil and examined under three axially loading and unloading cycles to obtain the ultimate load settlement relationship. Although this LDBP was loaded with an applied load of three times its working capacity, but no apparent failure was reached at the end of the loading test. Thus, two different methods are adopted to interpret the test data and determine the ultimate pile capacity. The obtained ultimate capacities of the two tests were utilized in an assessment study. The comparative analysis results showed a significant difference between the ultimate capacity obtained using three different methods and field measurements. Out of the three utilized methods in this study, the two settlement-based methods underestimated the LDBP ultimate capacity of the two LDBP cases; conversely, the third capacity-based method overestimated the ultimate capacity of the two LDBP cases.
Ancestral and vernacular architecture as contemporary heritage, tourist and cultural resource. The case of the “palafitos” and the route of the 16 UNESCO heritage churches of Chiloé, Chile
Authors: Pareti S , Rudolph L , Flores D , Valdebenito V 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present study aims to explore how spaces designed with ancestral and vernacular architecture can become a heritage, tourist and cultural resource.The analysis of the stilt houses and the route of the 16 UNESCO heritage churches of Chiloé, Chile has been selected as a case study, since: (1) it is an ancestral and vernacular architecture unique in the world, (2) they are part of the cultural and patrimonial tourist offer of the Chilean Patagonia, (3) has a balance of patrimonial and intangible material conservation that has managed to keep the gentrification and identity of the territory under control, (4) its 16 churches have been declared patrimonial by UNESCO.The methodology is developed through the analysis of a complete palafito from the constructive and architectural point of view, together with a church part of the patrimonial route. Followed by an analysis of press headlines and interviews, based on established parameters that allow understanding the link between architecture, transformation into a cultural and tourist resource together, and gentrification. It is concluded that the vernacular architecture of stilt houses and churches in Chiloé configures a valuable contemporary heritage resource that must be preserved and asserted in balance with the tourist dimension that it attracts thanks to its uniqueness.
Error driven Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) for Spherical Mobile Robot: Simulation & Experimental Performance Analysis
Authors: Kamis Nurul Nafisah , Ahmad Salmiah , Embong Abd. Halim , Sulaeman Erwin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Spherical mobile robot is a ball-shaped mobile robot that capable to move from one place to another to perform the desired tasks. The challenge for spherical mobile robot falls within control algorithm aspects, where it is nonlinear and highly under-actuated increases the difficulties to control its motion. In this paper, the potentiality of intelligent controller is explored to control the motion spherical mobile robot. An error driven Fuzzy Logic controller (FLC) which consist of modular of two Proportional-Derivative (PD) type FLC and a Proportional-Integral (PI) type FLC were designed and tested to control the position of the spherical mobile robot, angle of the rotation of the pendulum and the angular velocity of the spherical mobile robot, respectively. The performance of the controller was then optimized by tuning the input and output gain of the controller with Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) method. The performance of the robot without the controller and with optimized controller were compared and analysed. As a result, the performance of the system in the form of rise time and settling time of the robot to control its position managed to be reduced by 86% and 89% respectively with optimized PD-type. For PD-type FLC to control the rotation of the pendulum, it was capable to eliminate the overshoot and reduce it settling time by 35.5%. While the optimized PI-type FLC has managed to eliminate the steady state error and achieved it desired velocity setpoint in 1.2s. Lastly, all the designed controllers were successfully tested on the prototype of the spherical mobile robot to study the performance of the spherical mobile robot. However, the overall performance of the implemented designed controller has shown a minimum effectiveness. The controller managed to achieve the setpoint value but with low stability which result from the less accuracy of the hardware sensors.
The dry sliding wear behaviour of open cell aluminum foam against mild steel
Authors: Idriss A.N. Md , Kasolang S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
From one perspective, wear is a phenomenon of material loss due to surface friction and their failures are characterized by classifying changes in the surface morphology of the mating component. In the case of foam materials, such as open cell aluminum foams, having interconnected porosity associated with large surface area, they acquire minimal kinetic energy for mobility during friction. Foam materials are also well known for their good qualities in thermal and noise management. This sees the foam material as an effective alternative candidate to their parents solid alloy. The objective of this work is to investigate the wear behavior of the open cell aluminum foam fabricated using matrix infiltration method on the surface of rotating mild steel under the dry sliding condition. The surface profile due to wear, microhardness and weight losses of both the open cell aluminum foam and steel disk were measured. The surface profile used the downlighting and inclined at 45° lighting techniques for the favour of distinguished appearance under the optical microscopy observations. Generally all samples showed abrasive failures due to the cutting marks without adherence. High brightness under the downlight was not able to vary the cutting marks in sizes which made among those single striations width to appear almost similar. Comparing to the 45° inclined lights, a good contrast was obtained and so ranges of cutting width were seen to be equally distributed on that open cell aluminum pin. The technique using lighting at the 45° resulted clarity on worn surface area that is less efficient by the downlight. The low hardness at 47 HV with the open cell aluminum foam showed medium wear and greater weight loss than the 155 HV mild steel sample.
Structural Analysis of Continuous I Beam of Steel with Crack Using Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Rahnuma Mumtahina , Chowdhury Md. Mehadi Hassan , Ahmed Nihal , Ahmed Ashfaq 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The statically indeterminate beam that is supported by three or more supports and at least one support that develops a reaction along the beam axis is known as a continuous beam. This type of beam is used in a large variety of structures as they show better resistance to seismic loads and lower deformity. However, due to the decay of steel or the increase of stresses, sometimes surface or sub-surface fissures develop in the material which is known as cracks. Because of the cracks in a structure, it may be vulnerable and start to age rapidly, which will eventually lead the structure to collapse. In this study, Abaqus CAE, a widely operated commercial software is used to simulate the cracks in a continuous I beam by the Finite Element Method. The surrounding crack zone is meshed with a smaller area due to its sensitiveness. Initially, suitable steel is selected among the major types of steel by evaluating their stress-strain curve. Then a continuous I beam of that steel with crack is simulated and the effect of the crack on the stresses is analyzed. The crack is safer when it forms on the part of the structure that is over-support. The risk of failure of a structure increases with the increasing distance of the crack from support. The greater crack depth poses a greater risk to the structure on the other hand increasing crack width has less effect on the stability of the structure
Investigation on mechanical and tribological properties of magnesite reinforced aluminium 6061 composites
Authors: Ayyappan S , Saminathan M , Selvarasan R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
During the sintering process in the shaft kiln of refractory factories, a considerable quantity of materials is separated and dumped as Waste Magnesite (WM). The other superior grades, Lightly-Calcined Magnesite (LCM) and Dead-Burned Magnesite (DBM), are separated at different temperatures from the shaft kiln. The WM materials still have 8% of magnesium with some sand and dust particles in huge ranges. These materials are primarily used in the applications of medicine and fertilizers and animal feed processing and additives. This work investigates the potential of WM particles as reinforcement materials in the Al 6061 alloy matrix. In order to compare the characteristics of WM-based composite, LCM and DBM powders were also considered as reinforcement particles. The WM, LCM, and DBM particles were mixed with a 15% weight ratio to Al 6061 alloy, and composites were fabricated using the Stir Casting method. The surface morphology investigations through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that these particles were well distributed and dispersed within the alloy matrix and with good interfacial adhesion. It is noted that Al 6061/15% wt. LCM composite possesses a better tensile strength than Al 6061/15% wt. WM and Al 6061/15% wt.DBM composites. The impact value produced by the WM-based composite is better than the LCM and DBM composites. The Wear Rate and Coefficient of Friction (COF) were examined through a Pin-on-Disc apparatus. Al 6061/15% wt. WM composite tested a low wear rate (9.74 × 10−6 mm3 m)−1. The results show that Al 6061/15% wt. LCM composite achieved the least COF value of 0.681 at an applied load of 0.5 Kg and a sliding distance of 2826 m. The results prove that the wastage magnesite is good enough and the most robust reinforcement material for Aluminum 6061 alloy-based composite.
Radiofrequency impedance spectroscopy of biological tissues under heating by homogeneous laser radiation
Authors: Sovin Kirill , Kovalenko Nikita , Anpilov Vladimir , Ryabushkin Oleg 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We have developed an original method to measure the temperature dependence of the biological tissue electrical properties based on its heating by homogeneous optical radiation.The conventional approach in hyperthermia research involves heating due to a thermal conductivity through the surface of the sample. The novel technique is based on the emission of heat sources in the sample volume caused by the absorption of optical radiation.The method was verified using chicken liver and aloe parenchyma samples, which were uniformly irradiated in a special chamber with an optically scattering inner coating. The electrical impedance of the samples was measured using a 4-electrode technique in the frequency range 100 Hz−1 MHz. In order to approximate and analyze the electrical impedance module, an equivalent electrical circuit based on the Cole-Cole function was used and the dependences of the approximation parameters on time and temperature were obtained. Applying the Arrhenius formulation to the kinetics of low-frequency resistance, we obtained the parameters of the kinetics of degradation of the biological tissues (critical temperature

T

cr

and activation energy

E

a

):

E

a

=
(
16
±
4
)
·

10

5

J

·

mol−1,

T

cr

=
63
±
1

°C for the aloe parenchyma and

E

a

=
(
4.5
±
2
)
·

10

5

J

·

mol−1,

T

cr

=
83
±
1

°
C

for the chicken liver.
Risk assessment of human exposure to lead and cadmium in tissues of Blackchin Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) from an intertidal creek in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria
Authors: Ihunwo Owhonda Chikeru , Ibezim-Ezeani Millicent Uzoamaka , Wekpe Vremudia Onyeajoma , Shahabinia Amir Reza , Bonnail Estefanía , Mmom Prince Chinedu , Horsfall (Jnr) Michael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present study investigated the risk associated with concentrations of lead and cadmium in tissues (gills, livers and muscles) of Blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) from upstream and downstream regions of an intertidal creek in Rivers State, Nigeria. The trend of Cd in fish tissues and water was as follows: muscle > liver > gills > water. The concentration of Cd in fish gills was higher in downstream fish when compared to upstream fish. The mean Cdmg kg
−1 in fish gills was 0.048 ± 0.015—upstream and 0.549 ± 0.152—downstream, 0.037 ± 0.030—upstream and 0.769 ± 0.100—downstream, 0.026 ± 0.015—upstream and 0.902 ± 0.118—downstream, and 0.040 ± 0.018—upstream and 0.727 ± 0.157—downstream in December, January, February and March respectively. The trend of Pb in fish tissues and water was as follows: muscle > liver > gills > water. Pb was generally higher in fish sampled downstream when compared to those sampled upstream of the creek. Fish gills in upstream fishes had Pb of 6.324 ± 0.388 mg kg−1, 5.140 ± 1.249 mg kg−1, 5.459 ± 0.471 mg kg−1 and 5.730 ± 0.859 mg kg−1 while downstream fishes had Pb 7.732 ± 0.640 mg kg−1, 9.401 ± 0.711 mg kg−1, 7.575 ± 0.624 mg kg−1 and 7.644 ± 0.637 mg kg−1 in December, January, February and March respectively. Cdfish gills < Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) maximum permissible limit (MPL), Cdfish muscles and Cdlivers < MPL for FAO, FAO/WHO and WHO. Pbgills upstream and downstream > MPL for FAO, FAO/WHO and WHO. Pb and Cd did not indicate non-carcinogenic risks to human health owing to the consumption of fish up- and downstream. In the present study, fishes sampled upstream showed low cancer risk in adults, however, cancer risk index (CRI) indicated moderate cancer risk in children (male and female). For fishes sampled downstream, CRI indicated low risk for adults and male children, but a moderate risk for female children.
Neuromorphic computing for attitude estimation onboard quadrotors
Authors: Stroobants Stein , Dupeyroux Julien , de Croon Guido C H E 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Compelling evidence has been given for the high energy efficiency and update rates of neuromorphic processors, with performance beyond what standard Von Neumann architectures can achieve. Such promising features could be advantageous in critical embedded systems, especially in robotics. To date, the constraints inherent in robots (e.g., size and weight, battery autonomy, available sensors, computing resources, processing time, etc), and particularly in aerial vehicles, severely hamper the performance of fully-autonomous on-board control, including sensor processing and state estimation. In this work, we propose a spiking neural network capable of estimating the pitch and roll angles of a quadrotor in highly dynamic movements from six-degree of freedom inertial measurement unit data. With only 150 neurons and a limited training dataset obtained using a quadrotor in a real world setup, the network shows competitive results as compared to state-of-the-art, non-neuromorphic attitude estimators. The proposed architecture was successfully tested on the Loihi neuromorphic processor on-board a quadrotor to estimate the attitude when flying. Our results show the robustness of neuromorphic attitude estimation and pave the way toward energy-efficient, fully autonomous control of quadrotors with dedicated neuromorphic computing systems.
What Structural Racism Is (or Is Not) and How to Measure It: Clarity for Public Health and Medical Researchers
Authors: Dean Lorraine T , Thorpe Roland J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Interest in studying structural racism’s impacts on health has grown exponentially in recent years. Across these studies, there is much heterogeneity in the definition and measurement of structural racism, leading to mixed interpretations of structural racism’s impact on health. A precise definition of structural racism can offer conceptual clarity to inform what mechanisms to investigate and is imperative for conducting high-quality research on it and dismantling it. In this commentary, we trace the evolution of the definitions of structural racism and suggest ways in which the measurement of structural racism should move forward given these definitions.
Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Increased in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Large, Multi-Network Study
Authors: Hoffman Kyle , Mansoor Emad , Panhwar Muhammad Siyab , Regueiro Miguel , Cooper Gregory , Qazi Taha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) involve an inflammatory state where sleep dysregulation is common. Little is known about implications, if any, of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aims to investigate if IBD patients are at higher risk for OSA.

Methods
This retrospective multivariate analysis utilized a commercial database named Explorys (IBM Watson). We identified patients from 1/2015 to 1/2020 with UC and CD. Cohorts of these patients with and without OSA were then created and prevalence values were obtained. A multivariate analysis was used to correct for several potential confounding variables.

Results
The overall prevalence of OSA was 7.8% in UC and 7.2% in CD, as compared with a prevalence of 4.3% in non-IBD patients (odds ratio [OR] for UC: 1.9 [95% CI 1.86–1.94, P &lt; .0001], OR for CD: 1.72 [95% CI 1.69–1.76, P &lt; .0001]). In multivariate analysis, age above 65, Caucasian race, male sex, obesity, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were all independent risk factors for the development of OSA, with obesity being the most significant. After controlling for the listed variables in the multivariate analysis, IBD was an independent risk factor associated with OSA (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.43–1.48).

Conclusions
In this large population-based study, IBD was independently associated with increased prevalence of OSA. This has implications for screening for OSA in IBD, as well as management of other risk factors for OSA in IBD.
Biologic Therapy for Budesonide-refractory, -dependent or -intolerant Microscopic Colitis: a Multicentre Cohort Study from the GETAID
Authors: Boivineau Grégoire , Zallot Camille , Zerbib Franck , Plastaras Laurianne , Amiot Aurélien , Boivineau Lucile , Koch Stéphane , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Vuitton Lucine 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Budesonide remains the backbone therapy for microscopic colitis [MC]; however, relapses are frequent, and some patients are intolerant or dependent. Anti-TNF therapy is increasingly used to treat these patients, but available evidence is still limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of anti-TNF therapy in MC patients failing budesonide.

Methods
In a multicentre retrospective cohort study, budesonide-refractory, -dependent, or -intolerant MC patients treated with anti-TNF agents were included. Clinical remission was defined as fewer than three bowel movements per day, and clinical response was defined as an improvement in stool frequency of at least 50%.

Results
Fourteen patients were included. Median age was 58.5 years, median disease duration was 25 months, and median follow-up was 29.5 months. Seven patients were treated with infliximab [IFX], and seven with adalimumab. Clinical remission without steroids at 12 weeks was reached in 5/14 [35.7%] patients; all of these received IFX. Clinical response at 12 and 52 weeks, was obtained in 9/14 [64.3%] and 7/14 [50%] patients, respectively. Five patients switched to another anti-TNF agent. When considering both first- and second-line anti-TNF therapies, 7 [50%] patients were in clinical remission at Week 52. Mild to moderate adverse events were reported in six ptients. Two patients were treated with vedolizumab, of whom one had clinical response; one patient treated with ustekinumab had no response.

Conclusions
This is the first multicentre cohort study showing that half of patients treated with anti-TNF therapy for MC achieved clinical remission in case of budesonide failure.