bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient photocatalytic degradation of o-nitrophenol using ZrO2 -RGO nanocomposite : Hydrothermal approach
Authors: Anjaneyulu R . Balaji , Rao K. Subba , Madhavi K. , Mahender C. , Gupta CH. LDS. Narayana , Shekhar B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Phenolic compounds are present as a recalcitrant chemical in the effluents of industrial wastewater. They are highly carcinogenic and need proper treatment for their degradation to prevent human health. Even though conventional methods are available for degrading the phenolic compounds in the aqueous medium, they are not effective and are associated with high costs. Thus, in the current work, we deal with the degradation of O-Nitrophenol by using ZrO2 nanoparticles and ZrO2-RGO nanocomposite produced by a hydrothermal process with a lower cost under the visible light photolytic activity. The ZrO2-RGO nanocomposite outperformed the ZrO2 nanoparticles with higher degradation efficiencies. Though many researchers attempted to reduce the phenolic compound in the waste-water, according to the available literature, we have achieved the highest removal efficiencies, i.e., 98.4% in removing O-Nitrophenol. The morphology of the ZrO2-RGO nanocomposite was using BET, SEM-EDX, XRD, FT-IR, and UV-DRS analysis. XRD patterns revealed that the ZrO2 is highly crystalline, which might be attributed to the higher degradation. SEM pictures show that ZrO2 particles exhibit a limited size distribution and a consistent needle-like nanostructure. Through synthesis, FT-IR patterns showed the graphene oxide (GO) with reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The improved visible light degrading activity of ZrO2-RGO NC supported the UV-vis DRS. Thus, from the results, we conclude that ZrO2-RGO NC in the photodegradation of O-Nitrophenol, when illuminated with visible light, might be the best solution for the degradation of the phenolic compound.
Nanosecond laser micro-textured TC4 double sparse surface and its ice suppression characteristics
Authors: Yang Guang-Feng , Bai Juan , Liu Ling , Cui Jing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The icing on the surface of aircraft engine lip will seriously affect flight safety. Studies have shown that the surface with micro-nano structure can effectively improve its ice suppression performance. In this paper, Ti6Al4V (TC4) is used as the base material, and nanosecond pulsed laser is used to prepare the TC4 microstructure. The scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy spectrometer (EDS), contact angle measuring instrument and cold stage experimental device are used to measure the surface of the sample. Characterization of microscopic morphology, chemical element composition, wettability and ice suppression performance. The results show that when other laser parameters are constant, the fractal dimension of the sample surface with a scanning distance of 80 µm is the highest, with a value of 1.683, showing excellent ice suppression effect, and low frost quality and coverage. The micro-nano structure formed by nanosecond laser processing on the surface of TC4 can change its contact angle and fractal dimension, and the freezing time of the surface with large contact angle and fractal dimension is delayed.
Synovial biopsy for establishing a definite diagnosis in undifferentiated chronic knee monoarthritis
Authors: Soroosh Soosan G , Ghatfan Ali , Farbod Abolfazl , Meftah Elahe 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Undifferentiated arthritis is a condition in which the problem cannot be classified into any definite diagnosis category. Various methods have been suggested to clarify the definite diagnosis in this class. The synovial biopsy is suggested as the last diagnostic approach to determine the exact histopathological diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of synovial biopsy for establishing a definite diagnosis in patients with undifferentiated chronic knee monoarthritis.
Methods: The present retrospective case series was conducted in 2005 in the rheumatology research center of Shariati hospital and the 501 hospital in Tehran, Iran. The study included the synovial biopsy of patients with chronic knee monoarthritis who did not have a definite diagnosis after all the diagnostic steps before the synovial biopsy. Pathology slides of the patients’ synovial biopsy were reevaluated with a senior expert pathologist.
Results: Eighty patients with a mean age of 37.6 ± 17.32 years (range: 6 – 68) were included, of whom 50% were female. The gap time between the onset of knee monoarthritis and the decision-making for synovial biopsy was 14.34 ± 19.61 months. Histopathologic evaluations revealed non-specific changes in 65% of the patients and a definite diagnosis in 35%. The most common definite diagnosis was rheumatoid arthritis (9%), followed by septic arthritis (5%). The most common pathologic findings were endothelial proliferation (89%) and synovial proliferation (88%), and the most common infiltrating cell was lymphocyte (54%). Patients with non-specific changes were more likely to have neovascularization, cellular infiltration (p-value < 0.001), synovial proliferation, endothelial proliferation (p-value = 0.001), pannus formation (p-value = 0.009), and fibrosis (p-value = 0.022) compared to the patients with a definite pathologic diagnosis. However, age, gender, and the gap time between disease symptoms to synovial biopsy were not significantly different between the different groups of diagnosis (p-value > 0.05).
Conclusions: Non-specific changes remain the most common histopathologic finding, highlighting the importance of physician expert opinion for most of the patients with undifferentiated chronic knee monoarthritis. Studies with larger samples and immunohistochemistry analyses are needed to clarify this uncategorized entity further.
Solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry three metabolic regulators in food: clomiphene, trimetazidine, and meldonium
Authors: Wang Hao , Wang Yu , Shi Hailiang , Lin Li , Mu Tongna , Li Dongmei , Zhang Wenchao , Yang Hao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Clomiphene, trimetazidine, and meldonium are three common clinical drugs, and long-term consumption will cause damage to human health. Currently, animal-derived food contamination is a major concern, and these compounds have a high probability of entering the human body and remaining there for a long time. In this study, a liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method was developed to determine the residues of three metabolic regulators in food. With 0.1% formic acid water-acetonitrile solution (25:75, V/V), samples were extracted ultrasonically. After MCX SPE Column Cleanup, the Shiseido PC HILIC column was used for separation, with positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode monitoring and isotope internal standard method used for quantifying. In this optimized condition, both clomiphene and trimetazidine had detection limits of 0.25 µg/kg and quantification limits of 0.5 µg/kg. Meldonium had a detection limit of 2.5 µg/kg and a quantification limit of 5.0 µg/kg. Recovery rates ranged from 80.1–119.9%, and precision RSD was 1.95–15.4% (n = 6). This method is suitable for detecting food containing clomiphene, trimetazidine, and mildronium.
Influential factors for optimizing and strengthening mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells co-culture
Authors: Shirdarreh Mandana , Amiri Fatemeh , Samiee Mohammad Pouya , Safari Armita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] and Hematopoietic stem cells [HSCs] are two types of bone marrow stem cells that could proliferate and differentiate into different cell lineages. HSCs interact with MSCs under the protective conditions, called niche. Numerous studies have indicated supportive effects of MSCs on HSCs proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, HSCs have many clinical applications and could treat different hematologic and non-hematologic diseases. For this purpose, there is a need to perform in vitro studies to optimize their expansion. Therefore, various methods including co-culture with MSCs are used to address the limitations of HSCs culture. Some parameters that might be effective for improving the co-culture system, such as MSC paracrine profile, scaffolds, hypoxia, culture medium additives, and the use of various MSC sources, have been examined in different studies. In this article, we investigated the potential factors for optimizing HSCs/ MSCs co-culture. It might be helpful to apply a suitable approach for providing high quality HSCs and improving their therapeutic applications in the required fields.
Feasibility study of a low-cost bubble CPAP system in a neonatal medium care unit in Belgium
Authors: Vanbinst Sophie , Damme Emmi Van , Raaijmakers Anke 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the implementation and use of a high quality innovative bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) System into a neonatal unit in Belgium.
Methods
A prospective observational study of neonates who met criteria for non-invasive respiratory support was conducted. All medical and nursing staff completed an on-line Thinkific course, followed by a live demonstration and practice of device application. Clinical indicator and device settings were recorded for every neonate. Staff surveys were administered after the training, after treatment of a neonate with a Vayu bCPAP System, and eight months after device introduction.
Results
Seven neonates were treated with Vayu bCPAP Systems. Their mean birth weight was 3170g with a median duration of treatment with bCPAP of 19 hours (IQR 2h–6d). Four term neonates had transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN, n=4). One preterm and one term baby suffered from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS, n=2) and one baby had meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS, n=1). Six of the seven neonates improved their respiratory status and were weaned off the bCPAP System. One neonate needed more extensive ventilatory support and was transferred to a higher level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Staff surveys demonstrated that the devices were easy to use and satisfaction rates were high.
Conclusions
It was feasible to use Vayu bCPAP Systems to provide neonates with non-invasive respiratory support in our neonatal unit. Since implementation of this device there is less hesitancy among the medical staff to start babies on CPAP.
Smart School Bus Monitoring and Notification System Using Rfid and Gps
Authors: Cedric UMUHIRE , Mbanzabugabo Jean Baptiste 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Internet of things (IoT) as a paradigm promises to make things including consumer electronic devices or home appliances such as medical devices, fridges, cameras, and sensors part of the internet environment. Within this paper, the design of an IoT-based solution of smart school bus monitoring that provides SMS notification in real-time has been proposed together with its prototype development. The system allows parents and schools to track the condition and safety of children by using a combination of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Global Position System (GPS) technologies connected to a remote server using GSM/GPRS technologies through Arduino Uno and Arduino IDE. This resulted in a Smart School Bus (SSB) system consisted of six (6) main components and seven (7) sub-components to solve one of the key challenges in the City of Kigali with no trustworthy system in place that can monitor school buses and be able to provide real-time information for children's locations while commuting to school. The practice of diverse devices, communication rules for software features, and security instruments was a hard encounter which SSB system faces and should balance to provide its features and ensure responsive services.
A New Outlook on the Profitability of Rogue Mining Strategies in the Bitcoin Network
Authors: Protonotarios Yorgos , Tassopoulos Pantelis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Many of the recent works on the profitability of rogue mining strategies hinge on a parameter called gamma (γ) that measures the proportion of the honest network attracted by the attacker to mine on top of his fork. These works, see [6] and [5], have surmised conclusions based on premises that erroneously treat γ to be constant. In this paper, we treat γ as a stochastic process and attempt to find its distribution through a Markov analysis. We begin by making strong assumptions on gamma's behaviour and proceed to translate them mathematically in order to apply them in a Markov setting. The aforementioned is executed in two separate occasions for two different models. Furthermore, we model the Bitcoin network and numerically derive a limiting distribution whereby the relative accuracy of our models is tested through a likelihood analysis. Finally, we conclude that even with control of 20% of the total hashrate, honest mining is the strongly dominant strategy.
Another understanding of GR and electromagnetic fields
Authors: Wang De Sheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, each metric component of the Riemann curvature tensor is first transformed into a single metric component, so that the Riemann curvature tensor is transformed into a metric wave form. With this, the Einstein field equations are transformed into metric wave equations. After that, the Schwarzschild space-time line element, the RN space-time line element and the KN space-time line element will be solved using the metric wave form gravitational field equation. In this way, the calculation method of the metric wave form gravitational field equation is specified, and it is proved that the metric wave form gravitational field equation can accurately calculate all kinds of space-time line elements with different geometric characteristics. Then, through the similarity between the four-dimensional electromagnetic potential and Christorff's symbol, the electromagnetic intensity tensor and the Riemann curvature tensor, the metric wave form representation of the four-dimensional electromagnetic potential and the electromagnetic intensity tensor is derived. On this basis, combined with the four-dimensional Maxwell equation, a metric wave form representation of Maxwell equation is given. Then, by the metric wave representation of the electromagnetic intensity tensor, the electromagnetic intensity tensor components of RN spacetime are directly calculated. Combined with the Einstein Maxwell equation in the form of metric fluctuations, the RN space-time line element is deduced and proved. And combined with the transformation relationship between spherically symmetric space-time radial components and ellipsoid radial components, directly convert RN space-time line element into KN space-time line element. This proves that the gravitational field equation of the metric wave form can be applied to the calculation of three types of black hole models. Finally, by comparing the metric wave form of the gravitational field equation and the Maxwell equation, and the analogy of the metric wave form gravitational field equation with the free Kleiin-Gordon equation of curved spacetime, discuss and derive the mathematically unified representation of the three types of field equations respectively, briefly discuss the relationship of the three types of physical fields and the meaning of the unified mathematical representation. Then, the unified representations of the gauge fields of SU(3), SU(2) and U(1) are given respectively.
SORORIN is an evolutionary conserved antagonist of WAPL
Authors: Mota Ignacio Prusen , Galova Marta , Schleiffer Alexander , Nguyen Tan-Trung , Kovacikova Ines , Nishiyama Tomoko , Gregan Juraj , Peters Jan-Michael , Schlögelhofer Peter 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Cohesin mediates sister chromatid cohesion to enable chromosome segregation and DNA damage repair. To perform these functions, cohesin needs to be protected from WAPL, which otherwise releases cohesin from DNA. It has been proposed that cohesin is protected from WAPL by SORORIN. However, in vivo evidence for this antagonism is missing and SORORIN is only known to exist in vertebrates and insects. It is therefore unknown how important and widespread SORORIN’s functions are. Here we report the identification of SORORIN orthologs in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Sor1) and Arabidopsis thaliana (AtSORORIN). sor1Δ mutants display cohesion defects, which are partially alleviated by wpl1Δ. Atsororin mutant plants display dwarfism, tissue specific cohesion defects and chromosome mis-segregation. Furthermore, Atsororin mutant plants are sterile and separate sister chromatids prematurely at anaphase I. The somatic, but not the meiotic deficiencies can be alleviated by loss of WAPL. These results provide in vivo evidence for SORORIN antagonizing WAPL, reveal that SORORIN is present in organisms beyond the animal kingdom and indicate that it has acquired tissue specific functions in plants.
Grind Your Way Out: Hegemonic Homosexuality as an Alternative Conceptual Framework to Apply Homonormativity in Gay Cultural Politics
Authors: Chow Leo Zephyrus 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This article engages in the discussion of homonormativity in gay cultural politics. Duggan (2002) coined the term ‘new homonormativity’ to portray the political trajectory of the gay liberation movement and the neoliberal regime, which eventually decenters the LGBTQ+ movement from the left politics to a ‘third-way’ politic. After the popularization of the term, scholars subsequently apply the concept to signpost the internal cultural schism within the community. According to these studies, non-conforming gay men are marginalized under the homonormative regulation. In this article, I suggest that this application of homonormativity on gay cultural politics might not be able to fully capture the complex power relations within the gay community. Consequently, I propose an alternative conceptual framework called ‘hegemonic homosexuality’. Exemplified the semi-structured interviews conducted with 21 Hong Kong Grindr users, I demonstrate the application of the proposed framework and illustrate three principles – (1) tacit consent, (2) dialectic power relations, and (3) multiple hegemonies – that are embedded in the tension among the Grindr users. Instead of portraying an all-powerful, omnipresent normative institution, this framework aims to subject gay men to relativity, highlighting their potential to subvert the oppression.
Venous Thromboembolism Following Colectomy for Diverticular Disease
Authors: Yapa Anjali K D S , Humes David J , Crooks Colin , Lewis-Lloyd Christopher A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aim
This study reports venous thromboembolism (VTE) rates following colectomy for diverticular disease to explore the magnitude of postoperative VTE risk in this population and identify high risk subgroups of interest.
Method
English national cohort study of colectomy patients between 2000–2019 using linked primary (Clinical Practice Research Datalink) and secondary (Hospital Episode Statistics) care data. Stratified by admission type, absolute incidence rates (IR) per 1,000 person-years and adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) were calculated for 30- and 90-day post-colectomy VTE.
Results
Of 24,394 patients who underwent colectomy for diverticular disease, over half (57.39%) were emergency procedures with the highest VTE rate seen in patients ≥ 70 years-old (IR 142.27 per 1,000 person-years, 95%CI 118.32-171.08) at 30-days post colectomy. Emergency resections (IR 135.18 per 1,000 person-years, 95%CI 115.72-157.91) had double the risk (aIRR 2.07, 95%CI 1.47–2.90) of developing a VTE at 30 days following colectomy compared to elective resections (IR 51.14 per 1,000 person-years, 95%CI 38.30-68.27). Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) was shown to be protective with a 64% reduction in VTE risk (aIRR 0.36 95%CI 0.20–0.65) compared to open colectomies at 30-days post-op. At 90 days following emergency resections, VTE risks remained raised compared to elective colectomies.
Conclusion
Following emergency colectomy for diverticular disease, the VTE risk is approximately double compared to elective resections at 30-days while MIS was found to reduce the risk of VTE. This suggests advancements in postoperative VTE prevention in diverticular disease patients, such as extended VTE prophylaxis, should focus on those undergoing emergency colectomies, particularly in elderly patients, as well as increasing the uptake of minimally invasive techniques.
Genesis of Old Turkic Alphabet and Hypothesis Connecting with Tamgas of Turkic Tribes
Authors: Sadibekov Аskat Кenesovich , Baiymbetova Raushan Kalkhabaevna , Myrzakhanova Akbota Кulmakhanovna , Magzhan Saule , Abiev Bakytzhan Mirzahmetuly , Kassymova Gulzhaina K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Existence of positive solution for a class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations with potential vanishing at infinity on nonreflexive Orlicz-Sobolev spaces
Authors: SILVA LUCAS DA , SOUTO MARCO 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper we investigate the existence of positive solution for a class of quasilinear problem on an Orlicz-Sobolev space that can be nonreflexive $$ - \Delta_{\Phi} u +V(x)\phi(|u|)u= K(x)f(u)\mbox{ in } \mathbb{R}^{N}, $$ where $ N \geq 2 $, $ V, K $ are nonnegative continuous functions and $f$ is a continuous function with a quasicritical growth. We analyze the problem with $V\neq0$ and $V=0$
Apatite in brachinites: Insights into thermal history and halogen evolution
Authors: Zhang Lang , Zhang Ai-Cheng , Wang Shu-Zhou 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Apatite is an important petrogenetic indicator in extraterrestrial materials. Here, we report the mineralogical features of apatite and associated phases in three brachinites Northwest Africa (NWA) 4969, NWA 10637, and NWA 11756. Two types of apatite are observed: intergranular apatite and apatite inclusion within chromite and silicate minerals. The intergranular chlorapatite is enclosed by or penetrated by irregular porous merrillite, indicating chlorapatite replacement by merrillite. The intergranular chlorapatite is closely associated with a fine-grained pyroxene-troilite intergrowth along olivine grain boundaries, which is a sulfidization product of olivine. High-Ca pyroxene is observed as a constituent phase in the intergrowth for the first time. The apatite inclusions are either monomineralic or closely associated with subhedral-euhedral pore-free merrillite. In NWA 4969, the apatite inclusions show a large compositional variation from chlorapatite to fluorapatite and are systematically more F-rich than intergranular apatite; while the apatite inclusions in NWA 10637 and NWA 11756 are chlorapatite. Most of the two apatite types in brachinites contain oriented tiny or acicular chromite grains, suggesting the exsolution of chromite from apatite. We propose that apatite replacement by merrillite, formation of pyroxene-troilite intergrowth, and exsolution of chromite in apatite were caused by a shock-induced, transient heating event (~930–1000 °C) on the brachinite parent body. This heating event resulted in halogen devolatilization during replacement of the intergranular apatite by merrillite, which probably disturbed the Mn-Cr isotopic system in brachinites as well. We also propose that the apatite inclusions could be a residual precursor material of the brachinites.