bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Roadside Market Display Method on Weight Loss of Selected Vegetables
Authors: Cohen R. A. , Hicks J. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Broccoli, cauliflower, cucumber, pepper, and muskmelon were displayed (a) in direct sun, (b) in the sun under intermittent mist, (c) in the shade under intermittent mist, (d) in the shade, and (e) on ice at a simulated roadside market for 1-day intervals. In addition, some produce was precooled prior to display. Either ice or the shade under mist treatment was effective in reducing weight loss during display, particularly for broccoli and cauliflower. The prime factor involved in differences in weight loss among crops or between cultivars of the same crop seemed to be the surface area to volume ratio. Precooling prior to display slightly reduced the weight loss for cucumbers and muskmelons but had no effect on the other commodities.
Cypressvine Morning-glory Control in Gladiolus
Authors: Gilreath J. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Oryzalin and pronamide provided excellent control of cypressvine morningglory (Ipomoea quamoclit L.) when applied 2 or more times at rates of 2.24 kg a.i./ha. When only one application was made, pronamide was superior to oryzalin for morningglory control. Gladiolus (Gladiolus × hortulanus L.) flower spike number, length, number of florets per spike, and number of corms were not affected by either herbicide; however, spike fresh weight and weights of corms and cormels were reduced in plots treated with pronamide. Chemical names used: 4-(diproplyamino)-3, 5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide (oryzalin); 3,5-dicloro(N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl) benzamide (pronamide).
Influence of Four Cultural Systems upon Geranium Stock Plant Productivity
Authors: Vetanovetz Richard P. , Peterson John C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rooted Pelargonium ×hortorum L.H. Bailey ‘Yours Truly’ and ‘Irene’ geranium cuttings were planted 15 Oct. in raised beds, 11.3 liter plastic pots, 85 liter poly bags, or nutrient film systems within 2 double poly greenhouses. In one greenhouse, high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps supplemented natural light (86 µmol s-1m-2 ± 10 µmol s-1m-2) from 0800 to 2400 hr and in the other greenhouse light was not supplemented. Ambient carbon dioxide levels were enriched with an additional 300–600 ppm of carbon dioxide during daylight hours in the greenhouse without supplemental lighting and during lighted hours in the greenhouse equipped with HPS lights. Cutting number, dry weight, basal stem caliper, and the length of roots produced on harvested cuttings were recorded from 18 Nov. to 3 Jan. There were no differences among cultural systems for any of the parameters measured under natural daylight conditions. When supplementary HPS lighting was utilized, differences in number of cuttings produced and cutting dry weight were apparent, with NFT grown stock plants being the most productive. Growth differences between cultivars were evident for all parameters measured. Treatment of the stock plants was not observed to affect rooting response of cuttings.
Induction of Basal Shoots in Spathiphyllum ‘Tasson’ following Treatment with BA
Authors: Henny R. J. , Fooshee W. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Treatment of Spathiphyllum ‘Tasson’ with BA as a soil drench at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/liter significantly increased the number of basal shoots compared to untreated plants, or plants treated with a foliar BA spray. The largest increase in number of shoots on drenched plants occurred during the first 8 weeks following treatment. Increase in height of drenched plants was less compared to untreated or sprayed plants after 20 weeks. Fresh weight of main stems from sprayed and drenched plants (less roots) was less than controls, whereas fresh weight of basal shoots was greater for treated plants. Combined weights of the main shoot and basal shoots for all sprayed and drenched plants were not significantly different. Chemical name used: N-(phenylmethyl)- 1H-purin-6-amine (BA).
Incorporating Fungicides into Fluid Drilling Gel to Control Damping-off of Guayule
Authors: Richardson J. M. , Stutz J. C. , Backhaus R. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Etridiazole, etridiazole/thiophanate, fenaminosulf, Captan, and pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) were tested for prevention of damping-off of guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) seedlings in greenhouse tests. Fungicides were incorporated into a magnesium silicate fluid drilling gel containing pregerminated seeds. The seeds were sown into vermiculite and inoculated with Pythium debaryanum or Rhizoctonia solani. Phytotoxic levels of the fungicides were determined. PCNB was very effective in controlling damping-off caused by R. solani. Captan and fenaminosulf provided over 50% protection from damping-off caused by P. debaryanum. Etridiazole and etridiazole/thiophanate controlled preemergence damping-off, but did not control postemergence damping-off caused by P. debaryanum. Chemical name used: 3a,4,7,7atetrahydro-2-[(trichloromethyl)thiol]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (Captan).
Effect of Temperature on Pollen Germination, Pollen Tube Growth, Effective Pollination Period, and Fruit Set of Pear
Authors: Vasilakakis Miltiadis , Porlingis I. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fruit setting factors of Pyrus communis L., ‘Tsakoniki’ pear, were observed under field and controlled environmental conditions during 1980—83. Pollen germination of ‘Tsakoniki’ and ‘Coscia’ was reduced at temperatures below 15°C whereas pollen tube growth rate in vitro and in vivo increased with temperatures between 5° and 25°C. Pollen tube growth in selfed styles of ‘Tsakoniki’ at all temperatures tested was slower than in crossed ones and pollen tubes reached the base only in 10% to 20% of the styles. Effective pollination period (EPP) was prolonged at low temperature and ranged between 3 and 13 days under various temperature treatments. Fruit set of ‘Tsakoniki’ was limited chiefly by pollen transfer and to a lesser extent by poor pollen tube growth at low temperature.
Pollen Longevity of Blackberry Cultivars
Authors: Perry Julia L. , Moore J. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Blackberry pollen germination in vitro decreased linearly with increased duration of storage at 22°C. Time required to reach 50% nonviability varied among cultivars from 2.5 to 10 days. Storage at 6° more than doubled the time required to reach 50% non viability. A 20% sucrose-agar medium was satisfactory for germination assay of pollen from tetraploid blackberries but gave poor results on a diploid clone.
Inoculation Methods for Evaluating Verticillium Wilt Resistance in Strawberry Germplasm
Authors: Maas J. L. , Draper A. D. , Galletta G. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Four methods of inoculation with Verticillium were tested for effectiveness in infecting strawberry plants grown in a greenhouse bench. The most severe and early symptoms were produced with a macerated mycelium root dip inoculum. Effect of inoculum aggressiveness on the extrapolation of plant resistance information is discussed.
Stimulation of Lateral Branch Development in Tree Fruit Nursery Stock with GA4+7 + BA
Authors: Cody C. A. , Larsen F. E. , Fritts R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Spray applications of 1000 and 2000 ppm Promalin to scion growth of first year nursery trees of ‘Bartlett’ pear (Pyrus communis L.), ‘Bing’ cherry (Prunus avium L.), and ‘Oregon Spurr II Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), when scion growth was 40 to 60 cm, generally caused increased lateral branching in the nursery. Double applications of Promalin at reduced concentrations also showed promise. Chemical treatments usually affected neither branch angle or length on pear, often increased branch angle on apple, and often increased both length and angle on cherry. Tree height and caliper usually were unaffected, Chemical name used: GA4+7 + BA (Promtalin).
Survival of in Vitro Cultured Tissue of ‘Jonathan’ Apples Exposed to −196°C
Authors: Kuo Chiung-Chi , Lineberger R. Daniel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shoot tip explants taken from proliferating cultures of apple (Malus domestica ‘Jonathan’) survived freezing to −196°C in the presence of cryoprotectants. Regrowth following freezing to −196° was in the form of callus growth, indicating that the meristems were injured to such an extent that organized growth of the shoot meristem was precluded. A cold acclimation period of up to 6 weeks at 4° in the dark was required to obtain acceptable survival levels. Glycerol generally was more effective than DMSO in providing cryoprotection to cold acclimated shoot tips.
Effect of Growth Retardants on Ivy Geranium
Authors: Holcomb E. Jay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pelargonium peltatum (L.) L’Her, the ivy geranium, has been increasing in popularity during the last 1 0 years, although it has been popular in Germany for many years. Today about 2 0 % of the asexually reproduced geraniums are ivy geraniums (2). There is a need to improve quality and symmetry of ivy geraniums by controlling shoot elongation so that the small pots will be attractive.
FORMATPLUS, a Microcomputer Program for Conversion of Data Files Created Using GATHER to Files Structured for SAS
Authors: Gilreath J. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A menu-driven data collection program, “Gather”, was written for a TRS-80 Model 100 (Radio Shack, a division of Tandy Corp., Fort Worth, TX 76102) portable microcomputer (3). This program creates an ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) (4) data file with each line consisting of the data entry for each observation of a single variable.
‘Sunhome’ Nectarine
Authors: Sherman W. B. , Lyrene P. M. , Sharpe R. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Sunhome’ nectarine is released by the Univ. of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station. All nectarines released by the Univ. of Florida begin with the prefix of “Sun”. The suffix “home” indicates the intended use of flower, fruit, and foliage in the home yard and garden. ‘Sunhome’ closely resembles ‘Sunred’ nectarine in all respects, except that the spring foliage of the former is red.
Broccoli Breeding Lines OSU 101–OSU 115
Authors: Baggett J. R. , Kean D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fifteen broccoli (Brassica oleraceae L. Italica Group) breeding lines, OSU 101–OSU 115, have been released for use by commercial breeders. Favorable combining ability has been shown by various experimental hybrid combinations among these lines and between these lines and clubroot resistant Oregon State Univ. (OSU) lines released concurrently and described separately (2). This group of lines includes a range of characteristics which should be useful for breeding or direct use in F1 hybrids, including upright growth habit with good head exsertion for efficient harvest, excellent blue-green color, deeply branched heads, desirable bud type, earliness, and some resistance to downy mildew.
‘Benning’s Yellow Tint’ Summer Squash
Authors: Paris Harry S. , Burger Yosef , Karchi Zvi , Nerson Haim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Benning’s Yellow Tint’ is a summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) of the scallop or patty-pan cultivar group that has uniformly light yellow exterior color and excellent quality.
Precocious Caserta Summer Squash Breeding Line
Authors: Paris Harry S. , Nerson Haim , Burger Yosef 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Precocious Caserta is a summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) of the vegetable marrow type. Unlike other vegetable marrows, its fruit are yellow with yellow broken stripes, and the flesh is bright golden yellow. Plant characteristics resemble those of ‘Caserta’, but leaves may exhibit much yellow spotting.
Tackling World Hunger and Malnutrition through Horticultural Research, Graduate Education, Extension, and Management in Cooperation with U.S. Universities Presidential Address1
Authors: Coyne Dermot P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Horticulturists can contribute significantly, in association with other professions, to the alleviation of the most poignant human stresses of our age, namely, poverty, hunger, malnutrition, and the social unrest and diseases which they engender in the least developed countries (LDCs). These stresses are accentuated by escalating populations which need to be addressed by others. The problems haunt our souls and challenge our intellect for solutions. Millions afflicted by famine cry out desperately and repeatedly for aid on our television screens; nowhere was this more evident than in Africa in 1985. Millions more, in silence and in oblivion, live anguished lives of abject poverty and misery.
The New Horticulture — Programming the Future Plennary Address1
Authors: Wittwer Sylvan H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We are now in the foothills of the 21st century. As we ascend to the summit, mountainous issues and challenges confront us as to new directions in horticultural research and education. As we look to the future (3, 40, 68), the issues and challenges are both domestic and international. I shall direct my comments first, to the immediate past and present situation; 2nd, lost opportunities and areas of neglect; 3rd, where to from here: options, opportunities, and challenges; and finally, my conclusions.
Intensive Vegetable Production with Row Covers
Authors: Wells Otho S. , Brent Loy J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Horticulturists have, from antiquity, attempted to circumvent climate-imposed limitations to crop production. The challenge has been to modify effectively both the predictive and nonpredictive elements of weather to take advantage of out-of-season production. Although there has been little, if any, success in actually controlling the weather, the progress in compensating for low temperatures has been phenomenal. One such compensatory factor has been the use of row covers for temperature modification. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to review the recent advances in using row covers for vegetable production, and to speculate on their potential uses in horticulture.
Public Programs on Genetics and Breeding of Horticultural Crops in the United States
Authors: Brooks Howard J. , Vest Grant 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A questionnaire on genetics and breeding of horticultural crops, in conjunction with our responsibilities to the National Plant Genetics Resources Board (an advisory board to the Secretary of Agriculture under authority of Secretary’s Memorandum 1875 Revised dated 23 Feb. 1978), was sent to appropriate department chairmen or program leaders in Land Grant Universities, 1890 institutions, and the USD A Agricultural Research Service (ARS). The purpose of the questionnaire was to survey past, present, and anticipated programs on breeding and genetics of horticultural crops and to solicit views on national needs for germplasm of horticultural crops. Responses on the status of programs were received from all 98 questionnaires, and 74 respondents made comments on national needs.
Introduction to the Symposium
Authors: Weintraub M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The topic of this symposium “Virus Diseases: A Dilemma for Plant Breeders”, is of widespread interest, as shown by the joint sponsorship of 6 groups: the Canadian Society for Horticultural Science; and the Working Groups on Fruit Breeding, Vegetable Breeding, Genetics and Germplasm, Tissue Culture, and Seed Research.
Effect of Short-term Water Stress on Leaf Gas Exchange Processes and Plant Water Potential in Schefflera
Authors: Lorenzo-Minguez P. , Ceulemans R. , Gabriels R. , Impens I. , Verdonck O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Increasing water stress situations were imposed on Schefflera arboricola Hayata ‘Compacta’ for up to 7 days under controlled growth chamber conditions. Net CO2 exchange and transpiration rates, stomatal conductance to water vapor and xylem water potential were measured at constant temperature, photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), and atmospheric humidity. A strong relationship was found for transpiration and CO2 exchange process. When the water content of the substrate decreased as a result of transpiration and soil surface evaporation, both transpiration and CO2 exchange rates decreased drastically. Xylem water potential remained fairly constant during this soil moisture deficit. Following the drying cycle, efficient and fast recovery of the plants was observed.
Wild and Cultivated Proso Millet Responses to Plant Growth Regulators
Authors: Carpenter Judith L. , Hopen Herbert J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effect of postemergence applications of mefluidide at 0, 0.14, 0.28, and 0.56 kg/ha or MON 4621 at 0, 2.2, 3.3, and 4.4 kg/ha on growth and seedhead development of wild and cultivated proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) was determined. Application of mefluidide at 0.56 kg/ha 17 days after seeding reduced plant height and fresh shoot weight and inhibited panicle formation of both millets, whereas the 0.28 and 0.14 kg/ha rates had no effect on plant growth. When applied 23 days after seeding, mefluidide at 0.56 and 0.28 kg/ha reduced plant height of both millets and fresh shoot weight of wild proso millet. These rates also caused abnormal panicle formation. The 0.14 kg/ha rate had no effect on plant growth. All 3 rates of MON 4621, applied 16 days after seeding, reduced plant height and fresh shoot weight of both millets, and the 3.3 and 4.4 kg/ha rates were very effective in preventing panicle formation. Chemical names used: N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl]amino] phenyl]acetamide (mefluidide); (acetamide, N-[(acetylamino)methyl]-2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)(MON 4621).
Preliminary Study of a New Preharvest Stem End Rot and Associated Microflora in Mango
Authors: Lakshminarayana S. , Gómez-Cruz A. , Martínez-Romero S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Tommy Atkins’ (Mangifera indica L.) is an important mango cultivar grown in Mexico. A new disease, causing heavy fruit loss and not yet reported in any other mango, was noted in 1973 and has since spread to all plantings of ‘Tommy Atkins’. Losses vary from 10% to 80% depending on season, less in dry than in wet years. The disease appears only on physiologically overmature fruit, and is not transmitted to healthy fruit after harvest, even in storage (3). It is a dry rot, visible at the stem end as a necrotic zone, grayish or dark in color, sometimes confused with the external color of the fruit itself. The internal tissue below the stalk end is dark brown, fibrous, extending to the pulp and stone (endocarp) and affecting the seed (Fig. 1). The cut end of the peduncle often shows darkened resin ducts.
‘Jerseydawn’ Peach
Authors: Mehlenbacher Shawn A. , Hough L. Fredric , Bailey Catherine H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Jerseydawn’ is an early-ripening, yellow-fleshed, semi-freestone peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] for the fresh market. The fruit ripens 10-14 days before ‘Redhaven’ and was introduced to meet the need for a quality peach in this season. The tree is of medium vigor and is productive. The leaves and fruit are resistant to bacterial spot [Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni (Smith) Young et al.]. Flower bud hardiness appears to be slightly less than that of ‘Redhaven’. Split pit has not been a problem. ‘Jerseydawn’ is performing well in trials at Geneva, N.Y.; East Lansing, Mich.; and throughout New Jersey.
‘Gold Nugget’ Tomato
Authors: Baggett J. R. , Kean D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Gold Nugget’ is a determinate, fruitful tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivar, bearing golden colored cherry-type tomatoes, resembling ‘Yellow Plum’ in flavor. It was developed for home gardeners in western Oregon under cool summer conditions where it is early maturing and has a strong tendency for seedless fruit.
‘Piedmont’ Tomato
Authors: Gardner R. G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Piedmont’ is a midseason, determinate, fresh-market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) developed at the Mountain Horticultural Crops Research Station, Fletcher, N.C. ‘Piedmont’ has good resistance to fruit cracking and is adapted to ground and stake culture for mature-green and vine-ripe harvest. It was evaluated in North Carolina as NC 7990-1A-4-IF-1H and in the Southern Tomato Exchange Program (STEP) as STEP 670.
Sequential Yield Component Analysis of Processing Peas
Authors: Anderson W. C. , Haglund W. A. , Eaton G. W. , Fraser Joanna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Individual plants of 3 cultivars of peas (Pisum sativum L.)—‘Early Frosty’, ‘Darkskin Perfection 70A’, and ‘Puget 715’—were harvested to derive the plant yield components: numbers of filled pods, seeds/pod, seeds/plant, and fresh mean seed weight at processing maturity. These cultivars differed for number of filled pods, seeds/pods, and seeds/plant, but not for mean fresh seed weight. Following the conversion of yield component data to the log scale, a sequential yield component analysis was conducted via serial inclusion in a multiple regression equation. Both forward and backward sequential yield component analyses were computed. Across the 3 cultivars, the yield component contributing most to plant variation was pod number in both the forward and backward analysis. Contributions of the yield components to the total yield variation, ranked in declining order of importance for the forward analysis, were number of pods (73.6%), seeds/pod (13.6%), and weight/seed (12.9%). Backward analysis did not change the ranking, and the respective percentages were 47.9%, 40.6%, and 11.5%. Yields estimated through yield components were 7% to 14% higher than those measured from harvested plots.
Weekly Price Forecasting Model for Georgia Peaches
Authors: Epperson J. E. , Fu T. T. , Mizelle W. O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Retail buyers of fresh Georgia peaches [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] generally prefer a lead time of 2-3 weeks for promotion purposes before peaches are shipped. Thus, a viable forward contract market for growers and retail buyers has potential provided an information base can be established for forward price negotiations. For this reason, a price forecasting model for Georgia peaches was developed that can be used to predict price 3 weeks ahead and estimate the probability that the price in 3 weeks will exceed a benchmark price. A similar procedure may be used for other fresh produce items.
Chlormequat-induced Early Flowering of Hybrid Geranium: The Influence of Gibberellic Acid
Authors: Armitage A. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Application of 1500 ppm chlormequat (CCC) prior to flower initiation accelerated flowering in hybrid geranium, but not when applied after flowers had initiated. The addition of 10 ppm GA3 to the chlormequat resulted in the same flowering time as control plants when applied prior to flower initiation. Fifty and 250 ppm GA3 retarded flowering time when applied prior to or after flower initiation. The data indicate that one of the reasons for early flowering due to CCC is that CCC may suppress endogenous GA levels. Exogenous GA3 increased flower diameter when applied only after flower initiation and increased plant height regardless of time of application. Increasing GA3 concentration generally resulted in a linear trend for time to flower, flower diameter, and nodes to peduncle regardless of time of application. Chemical name used: 2-chloro-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride (chlormequat).