bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Root twisting drives halotropism via stress-induced microtubule reorientation
Authors: Yu Bo , Zheng Wenna , Xing Lu , Zhu Jian-Kang , Persson Staffan , Zhao Yang 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTPlants have evolved signaling mechanisms that guide growth away from adverse environments that can cause yield losses. Root halotropism is a sodium-specific negative tropism that is crucial for surviving and thriving under high salinity. Although root halotropism was discovered some years ago, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated root twisting determines halotropism inArabidopsis. An ABA-activated SnRK2 protein kinase (SnRK2.6) phosphorylates the microtubule-associated protein SP2L at Ser406, which induces a change in the anisotropic cell expansion at the root transition zone that located between the apical meristem and basal elongation zone, and is required for root twisting during halotropsim. Salt stress triggers SP2L-mediated cortical microtubule reorientation in cells at the transition zone, which guides cellulose microfibril patterns. Our findings outline the cellular and molecular mechanisms of root halotropism and indicate that anisotropic cell expansion through MT-reorientation and microfibril deposition have a central role in mediating tropic responses.
Multivalency, autoinhibition, and protein disorder in the regulation of interactions of dynein intermediate chain with dynactin and the nuclear distribution protein
Authors: Jara Kayla A. , Loening Nikolaus M. , Reardon Patrick N. , Yu Zhen , Woonnimani Prajna , Brooks Coban , Vesely Cat H. , Barbar Elisar J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCytoplasmic dynein plays crucial roles in the intracellular transport of organelles and other cargoes. Central to dynein function is the intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain of dynein intermediate chain (IC), which binds the three dimeric dynein light chains at multivalent sites, and dynactin p150Glued and nuclear distribution protein (NudE) at overlapping sites. The disorder in IC has hindered cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography studies of its structure and interactions. Here we use a suite of biophysical methods to reveal how multivalent binding of the three light chains regulate IC interactions with p150Glued and NudE. Using the N-terminal domain or the full-length IC from Chaetomium thermophilum, a tractable species to interrogate IC interactions, we identify a significant reduction in IC’s binding affinity for p150Glued and a loss of binding to NudE in contrast to the tight binding observed with small IC constructs. We attribute this difference to autoinhibition caused by strong long-range intramolecular interactions that cover IC’s N-terminal single α-helix, the site for p150Glued and NudE binding. Reconstitution of IC subcomplexes demonstrate that autoinhibition is differentially regulated by light chains binding underscoring their importance both in assembly and organization of IC, and in selection between multiple binding partners at the same site.
The role of oxidative stress in seed priming to improve germination and vigour
Authors: Marks Zane D. , Cowley James M. , Burton Rachel A. , Bianco-Miotto Tina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeed priming improves germination, but responses vary with procedure and plant used, potentially from differential responses in oxidative pathways. This study targeted oxidative pathways in seed priming, using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), antioxidant-related micronutrients (Zn, Se and Mn), or a combination, to modulate germination and plant growth characteristics of hemp and barley. Hemp tolerated higher H2O2(1 M vs 0.125 M) and micronutrients (6-fold greater) concentrations than barley, with the combination treatment significantly increasing hemp germination but decreasing barley germination. Seed priming did not improve hemp germination under salt stress (200 mM NaCl), but the micronutrient treatment improved germination of barley under salt stress (100 mM NaCl). Histological staining showed that micronutrient-primed root tips accumulated less O2-in both non-stressed and salt-stressed conditions. We assessed seed priming benefits if grown in soil by measuring plant quality in three-week-old plants potted post-priming, but most quality factors were not significantly improved, except barley where shoot zinc content increased. In summary, seed priming with H2O2and/or micronutrients increased germination in hemp, but only micronutrients increased barley germination. Future work will continue optimising the priming methodology and further investigate the role of oxidative stress in the observed responses.
Responsiveness of functional assessments to monitor change in balance, walking speed and strength of older adults: A systematic review of the minimal detectable change
Authors: Arkesteijn Marco , Low Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this paper is to systematically review and evaluate the responsiveness of different functional tests via the minimal detectable change (MDC) across different older adult population cohorts.DesignSystematic review of ISI Web of Knowledge and PubMed databases were searched up to September 26th 2020.SettingCommunity dwellings, hospital and residential homesParticipantsStudies were included if participants were adults over the age of 60. This study reports data from studies that utilise healthy community dwelling older adults, as well as older adults who are hospitalised, live in residential home or have musculoskeletal conditions.InterventionsNo interventions feature in this studyPrimary and secondary outcome measuresMDC reported for gait speed, grip strength, balance, timed up and go, and repeated chair stand separated per older adult sub-group were deemed the primary outcome measure. A secondary outcome measure were the results of a regression analysis, performed to determine the effect of the functional test, cohort, study design and MDC calculation methodology on MDC magnitude.ResultsThirty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Not all assessments were evaluated in the literature for all population cohorts. The MDC was affected by the functional test used, the cohort and MDC calculation methodology.ConclusionThe MDC can be assessment and population specific, and thus this should be taken into account when using the MDC. It appears acceptable that different assessors are involved in the re-assessment of the same person.Trial registrationThe systematic review protocol was published in PROSPERO (CRD42019147527).Article SummaryStrengths and Limitations of this StudyStrength: A range of assessments were included to determine if MDC could be used to prioritize specific assessments in interventions.Strength: A wide range of search criteria and methods resulting in 6448 studies being assessed that enabled the inclusion of 39 original research papers to derive 138 MDC values.Strength: Analysis of MDC95 for functional tests commonly used by practitioners to assess effective change in older adultsStrength: Analyses of the impact of method design features such as different assessors on the MDCLimitation: Limited to the settings and tests selected
Preferential cross-linking of the stereospecific complex over the encounter complexes by DOPA2, a faster cross-linker than DSS
Authors: Wang Jian-Hua , Gong Zhou , Dong Xu , Liu Shu-Qun , Tang Yu-Liang , Lei Xiaoguang , Tang Chun , Dong Meng-Qiu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTransient protein-protein interactions are fundamental aspects of many biochemical reactions, but they are technically challenging to study. Chemical cross-linking of proteins coupled with mass spectrometry (CXMS) analysis is a powerful tool to facilitate the analysis of transient interactions. Central to this technology are chemical cross-linkers. Here, using two transient heterodimeric complexes—EIN/HPr with a KD of 7 μM and EIIAGlc/EIIBGlc with a KD of 25 μM—as model systems, we compared the effects of two amine-specific homo-bifunctional cross-linkers of different cross-linking speeds. Protein cross-linking by DOPA2, a di-ortho-phthalaldehyde cross-linker, is 60-120 times faster than that by DSS, an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester cross-linker. We analyzed the differences in the number of cross-links identified that reflected the stereospecific complex (SC), the final lowest-energy conformational state, and that of cross-links that reflected the encounter complexes (ECs), an ensemble of short-lived intermediate conformations mediated by nonspecific electrostatic interactions. We found that the faster DOPA2 cross-linking favored the SC whereas the slower DSS cross-linking favored the ECs. We propose a mechanistic model for this intriguing observation. This study suggests that it is feasible to probe the dynamics of protein-protein interaction using cross-linkers of different cross-linking speeds.
Revisiting Leishmania GP63 host cell targets reveals a limited spectrum of substrates
Authors: Guay-Vincent Marie-Michèle , Matte Christine , Berthiaume Anne-Marie , Olivier Martin , Jaramillo Maritza , Descoteaux Albert 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTColonization of host phagocytic cells by Leishmania metacyclic promastigotes involves several parasite effectors, including the zinc-dependent metalloprotease GP63. The major mode of action of this virulence factor entails the cleavage/degradation of host cell proteins. Given the potent proteolytic activity of GP63, identification of its substrates requires the adequate preparation of cell lysates to prevent artefactual degradation during cell processing. In the present study, we re-examined the cleavage/degradation of reported GP63 substrates when GP63 activity was efficiently neutralized during the preparation of cell lysates. To this end, we infected bone marrow-derived macrophages with either wild type, Δgp63, and Δgp63+GP63 L. major metacyclic promastigotes for various time points. We prepared cell lysates in the absence or presence of the zinc-metalloprotease inhibitor 1,10-phenanthroline and examined the levels and integrity of ten previously reported host cell GP63 substrates. Inhibition of GP63 activity with 1,10-phenanthroline during the processing of macrophages prevented the cleavage/degradation of several previously described GP63 targets, including PTP-PEST, mTOR, p65RelA, c-Jun, VAMP3, and NLRP3. Conversely, we confirmed that SHP-1, Synaptotagmin XI, VAMP8, and Syntaxin-5 are bona fide GP63 substrates. These results point to the importance of efficiently inhibiting GP63 activity during the preparation of Leishmania-infected host cell lysates. In addition, our results indicate that the role of GP63 in Leishmania pathogenesis must be re-evaluated.AUTHOR’S SUMMARYIn the protozoan parasite Leishmania, the abundant zinc-dependent metalloprotease GP63 is expressed at high levels at the surface of the promastigotes forms of the parasite. Upon phagocytosis by host macrophages, this metalloprotease is released from the parasite’s surface and spreads across the cytosol of infected cells. There, GP63 cleaves a number of host cell proteins involved in the control of host microbicidal function and in the regulation of immune responses, thereby contributing the ability of Leishmania to impair host defence mechanisms against infection. Given the abundance and powerful proteolytic activity of GP63, it is crucial to prevent artefactual proteolysis during processing of infected cells to identify genuine GP63 substrates. In this study, we found that inhibition of GP63 activity with 1,10-phenanthroline during the processing of macrophages prevented the degradation of several of previously identified GP63 substrates. These results uncover the importance of efficiently inhibiting GP63 activity during the preparation of Leishmania-infected host cell lysates.
Elucidating the role of gender differences via TAM in e-recruitment adoption in India: a multi-group analysis using MICOM
Authors: Kaur Davinder , Kaur Rajpreet 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to answer two research questions: first, to study the factors that directly and indirectly influence the intentions of job-seekers and second, to examine the moderating role of gender differences in e-recruitment adoption through the application of technology acceptance model (TAM) in India.

Design/methodology/approach
A convenience sampling technique was used to collect online data via GoogleDocs through various online channels such as social media, LinkedIn and email. The final data was collected from 364 final-year graduates and postgraduate students to confirm the impact of female and male differences, measurement invariance in composite models (MICOM) and multi-group analysis (MGA).

Findings
The results indicated that perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) have a direct impact on attitude (AT), whereas PU influenced behavioral intentions (BI) of job-seekers, but PEOU did not. AT directly leads to the BI. The outcomes of mediation analysis show that AT partially mediates the relationships between PU to BI and PEOU to BI. Further, the findings of MICOM and MGA showed that gender significantly moderates all the relationships between the constructs except for the influence of AT on BI.

Research limitations/implications
This study contributes to the current literature, revealing that the original TAM model is still pertinent and effective in prevailing periods in emerging markets. The significance of PEOU and PU on AT and BI implies that job-seekers will strongly adopt e-recruitment when it is user-friendly and assist them to accomplish their tasks easily and efficiently. Moreover, gender has a vital moderating influence in e-recruitment adoption. In the case of females, the effect of PEOU is stronger, and for males, PU has a substantial impact on adoption.

Practical implications
Developers and recruiters should provide significant information related to salary, location and job profile on e-recruitment to enhance the adoption rate of online recruitment. Further, the usefulness of e-recruitment systems was more significant for males compared to females, whereas female job-seekers prefer the e-recruitment system, which is easy to use and operate.

Originality/value
This research fills a gap in the literature by examining the essential factors affecting the BI of job-seekers as well as empirically testing the impact of gender differences to adopt TAM for e-recruitment – an under-explored subject in developing countries like India.
Does the efficiency of working capital management affect a firm’s financial distress? Evidence from UAE
Authors: Habib Ahmed Mohamed , Kayani Umar Nawaz 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aims to explore the relative efficiency of the working capital management (WCM) for Emirati firms before and during the coronavirus crisis. Next, this study explores the potential impact of WCM on the likelihood of financial distress.

Design/methodology/approach
A data envelopment analysis (DEA) was applied to assess the relative efficiency of the WCM. This study uses the emerging market Z-score model to predict the likelihood of financial distress. The logistic regression was applied to investigate the impact of the efficiency of WCM on firms’ financial distress.

Findings
The results of this study model showed a negative and significant influence of the efficiency of WCM on firms’ financial distress likelihood.

Practical implications
The findings have important implications for many stakeholders, including decision makers, WC managers, financiers, investors, financial consultants, researchers and others, in increasing their awareness of firms’ WCM performance before and during the crisis. Further, the results could have implications for trading strategies as investors seek attractive economic gains from their investment in firms that care about WCM.

Social implications
The implications of WCM performance on social interests would cause firms’ decision makers to operate efficiently and achieve the best practices to minimise the probability of firms' financial distress.

Originality/value
This study advances a novel contribution to the literature by introducing a novel model to assess WCM based on DEA technology.
Comparative analysis of dual second-order generalized integrator-phase locked loop based series hybrid filter and static synchronous compensator for load voltage compensation and power quality improvement with grid synchronization in islanded microgrid
Authors: Subramanian Vasantharaj , Vairavasundaram Indragandhi 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to eliminate voltage harmonics and instantly measure the positive sequence fundamental voltage during unbalanced grid conditions, the dual second-order generalized integrator-phase locked loop used in series hybrid filter structures is often used in grid synchronisation in three-phase networks. The preferred series active hybrid power filter simultaneously compensates for voltage balancing and current harmonics generated by non-linear loads.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper examines the use of renewable energy–based microgrid (MG) to support linear and non-linear loads. It is capable of synchronising with both the utility and the diesel generator unit. Power is transferred from the grid throughout a stable grid situation with minimum renewable energy generation and maximum load demand. It synchronises with diesel generator set to supply the load and form an AC MG during outages and minimum renewable power generation. In islanded and grid-connected mode, the voltage and power quality issues of the MG are controlled by static synchronous compensator and series hybrid filter.

Findings
Because of the presence of non-linear loads, reactive loads in the distribution system and the injection of wind power into the grid integrated system result power quality issues like current harmonics, voltage fluctuations, reactive power demand, etc.

Originality/value
The voltage at the load (linear and non-linear) is regulated, and the power factor and total harmonic distortions were improved with the help of the series hybrid filter.
Moving the needle on qualitative approaches to studying HRD
Authors: Grenier Robin S. , Williams Peter , Cho Yonjoo 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to conclude this special issue on innovation in qualitative research by addressing the preceding papers in relation to the work of Human Resource Development (HRD) scholars and scholar-practitioners, consider the implications to the field of HRD and point to additional directions for innovative qualitative approaches. The authors use the term “innovative” to mean either an approach (or technique) that is newly conceived or one that is new to HRD (or little used).

Design/methodology/approach
The authors reviewed the papers in the special issue, identified other innovative qualitative approaches from the HRD literature and described briefly additional innovative approaches from other fields to suggest future directions for HRD professionals.

Findings
In this review, the authors noted the relatively few approaches to qualitative research that have been used regularly in HRD literature and suggested further innovative approaches that could deepen the understanding of organizations, including narrative, visual and indigenous methods, among others.

Research limitations/implications
This paper provides for HRD scholars an overview of a few qualitative research methodologies that are new to HRD and identifies additional approaches and epistemological challenges that could be valuable for future inquiry into complex organizations by HRD scholars and practitioners.

Practical implications
The authors suggest various feasible approaches and tools for HRD professionals to inquire into their practice in organizations to identify needs, evaluate outcomes and inquire into socially complex issues.

Originality/value
This study’s intent is to encourage the use of various innovative qualitative inquiry approaches when appropriate to understand and transform organizations. In particular, this study encourages the approaches that center the voices and experiences of those being studied and emphasizes the ways of listening to voices from the margins that may have been ignored previously.
Cash flow bullwhip control mechanisms in a major crisis situation: a case study from the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Drissi Hicham , Lamzaouek Hicham , Amellal Issam , Mialed Karima 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo understand the specificities of Cash-flow bullwhip in the context of major crises similar to that of COVID-19, to identify its financial impacts on the Moroccan FMCG companies, to establish the profile of the companies most affected by this CFB and finally to propose internal control mechanisms that should be put in place to mitigate the effects of Cash flow Bullwhip in such a context.Design/methodology/approachThe authors chose to conduct descriptive research on companies operating in the fast-moving consumer goods sector in Morocco. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on a target population during the period from December 2020 to March 2021. To answer the different research questions, a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) has been conducted on the 21 variables obtained from the survey questions.FindingsSmall and medium-sized companies are those that have been the most financially impacted. Indeed, the instability of the cash flow conversion cycle increased their working capital requirements and limited their self-financing capacity. To face this situation, those companies used alternative means to finance their operational activity by using their equities or bank loans.Originality/valueDue to the originality of the COVID 19 context, this study gives a different angle of view to analyze the cash flow bullwhip and its implications on the financial health of companies.
Antecedents of word-of-mouth communication in the life insurance industry
Authors: Yu Tsu-Wei 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis study explored the antecedents and mediators of word-of-mouth (WOM) behavior in the life insurance industry and investigated how to increase policyholders' positive WOM communication.Design/methodology/approachA sample of life insurance policyholders in Taiwan is surveyed. These respondents were chosen using purposive sampling. The author sent out 650 questionnaires to customers of the top six life insurance firms in Taiwan in proportion to each firm's market share as follows: Cathay (200), Fubon (150), Nan Shan (120), Shin Kong (80), China (60), and Taiwan (40). A total of 338 usable questionnaires were returned. Structural equation modeling was performed to estimate the influence of the identified antecedents of WOM communication.FindingsThe results support the proposed model and hypotheses, indicating that customers' positive evaluations of functional quality and technical quality help drive positive WOM communication. Corporate image and trust also play partial mediating roles.Practical implicationsDecision-makers should note that functional quality, technical quality, corporate image, and trust are antecedents of WOM communication. Functional quality and technical quality are the main factors influencing policyholders' perceptions. Therefore, life insurance firms must understand policyholders' quality expectations. Managers should also pay increased attention to promoting favorable WOM communication through strengthening corporate image and trust.Originality/valueThis was the first study to examine WOM communication in Taiwan's life insurance industry. Few studies have investigated the mediating effects of corporate image and trust in the relationships of functional and technical quality with WOM. The findings reveal the importance of WOM to the marketing of life insurance, providing new information for life insurance practice and theory.