bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wound healing complications following folded flap palatoplasty in brachycephalic dogs
Authors: Khoo T‐X , Yates G , Chambers B , Ng J 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and characteristics of wound healing complications after folded flap palatoplasty (FFP).MethodsProspective study of 25 dogs that underwent FFP as a component of corrective multilevel surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. Oropharyngeal re‐examination was conducted after a minimum of 28 days post‐operatively, unless indicated earlier by the onset of clinical signs.ResultsWound healing complications occurred in nine dogs (36%). Minor and major wound complications were diagnosed at a median of 36 days (1.5–51 days) post‐operatively. Eight dogs had major wound complications, four of which showed no associated clinical signs. Two patterns of major wound complications were observed: incisional dehiscence (ID) with caudal retraction of the soft palate mucosa and development of a full‐thickness defect (FTD) in the centre of the soft palate. Revision of the soft palate surgery was performed in five dogs, failing again in one dog with ID. Clinical signs resolved in symptomatic dogs after revision surgery to close FTD.ConclusionIn this study, wound healing complications were common after FFP and were not associated with significant clinical deterioration. Further research is necessary to determine the value and timing of routine post‐operative oropharyngeal examination for assessment of soft palate healing after FFP as well as the indication for and success of approaches to the management of wound healing complications. The two distinct patterns of FFP failure recognised may provide insight into the underlying causes and lead to refinements in folded flap palatoplasty technique.
Pando's pulse: Vital signs signal need for course correction at world‐renowned aspen forest
Authors: Rogers Paul C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUpland aspen (Populus spp.) forests contribute significantly to biodiversity in their circumboreal role as keystone species. As aspen ecosystems flourish or diminish, myriad dependent species follow suit. The 43‐hectare Pando aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) clone in Utah, USA, is thought to be the largest living organism on earth, but is faltering due to chronic herbivory. Long‐term resilience in aspen communities, including Pando, rests on successful recruitment of vegetative suckers that are nutritiously desirable to browsing ungulates. Here, I evaluate aspen reproduction alongside numerous vital indicators of Pando's status in the first trend assessment of this embattled iconic forest. I remeasured 64 plots from 2017 using 19 indicators to determine current conditions. Findings show that the genetically uniform Pando is “breaking up” because of herbivory and fencing. Initial successes within fenced zones are tempered by nearly half of Pando that remains unprotected from chronic wild and domestic herbivory. I propose a strategy of process‐based stewardship informed by adaptive monitoring to restore this famed “one‐tree forest.” Lessons from Pando may be applied to struggling, often species rich, aspen systems facing similar challenges globally.
Semantic variant primary progressive aphasia with a pathogenic variant p.Asp40Gly in the ANXA11 gene
Authors: Kim Eun‐Joo , Moon So Young , Kim Hee‐Jin , Jung Na‐Yeon , Lee Sun Min , Kim Young Eun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report a patient with right‐predominant semantic variant primary progressive aphsia linked with p.Asp40Gly variant of ANXA11, which is the first description of frontotemporal dementia without clinical and electrophysiological evidences of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated with a known pathogenic variant of ANXA11.
Urinary tract infections in hemodialysis patients—The controversy of antimicrobial drug urine concentrations
Authors: El Nekidy Wasim S. , Mallat Jihad , Nusair Ahmad R. , Eshbair Ayah H. , Attallah Nizar , Mooty Mohamad , Ghosn Muriel , Ghazi Islam M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundMajor infectious diseases societies recommend the use of antimicrobials that achieve high‐urinary concentrations to treat urinary tract infection (UTI), which is a concept of little relevance to the oliguric and anuric hemodialysis (HD) dependent population. Outcome studies in this population are more relevant, but unfortunately scarce. We sought to investigate the impact of different antimicrobials on clinical and microbiologic outcomes in HD dependent population.MethodsA retrospective observational study conducted at our quaternary care hospital between May 2015 and December 2019. We included all HD dependent adults diagnosed with UTIs. Our primary end points were clinical and microbiologic cure. Our secondary end points were 90‐day recurrence and mortality.ResultsFifty‐six patients were included in the study with 33 (58.9%) females, mean age of 69.9 ± 11.6 years, and mean body mass index of 27.7 ± 7.8 kg/m2. Thirty‐six subjects of the sample (64.3%) were anuric. Ninety‐one percent of the patients achieved clinical cure. Out of those who had repeat cultures, 90.7% achieved microbiologic cure. Clinical and microbiologic cure rates were not significantly different between the oliguric and anuric groups. The 90‐day recurrence rate was 11.1% and mortality was 19%, none of them was related to UTI.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate high rate of clinical and microbiologic cure in the treatment of oliguric and anuric HD dependent patients. We suggest that drug development and treatment societies to consider clinical and microbiologic outcomes in conjunction with achievable urinary concentration when making recommendations for the treatment of UTI.
Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Patient Health Engagement Scale
Authors: Ateş Esin , Temel Ayla Bayık 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Patient Health Engagement Scale was designed to assess the emotional and psychological attitudes of patients' engagement along their healthcare management journey.AimThis study aimed to conduct psychometric testing of the Turkish version of the Patient Health Engagement Scale among patients with chronic diseases.DesignA cross‐sectional validation study was conducted and reported according to the STROBE checklist.MethodsThere were 520 patients who completed the scale between March 2017 and February 2018. The content, construct and concurrent validity were evaluated. The reliability of the scale was measured using internal consistency and construct reliability. Construct validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsThe scale's validity was enabled by the translation and back translation method. The content validity index of the scale was 0.88. Construct validity determined one factor. The total variance was calculated at 85.29%. The factor loads ranged between 0.86 and 0.95. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed goodness‐of‐fit indices in the excellent range according to the literature. The reliability of the scale was calculated at 0.95.ConclusionThe scale was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool to be used in identifying the engagement with health levels of patients with chronic diseases.
The real‐time effects of parent speech on infants' multimodal attention and dyadic coordination
Authors: Schroer Sara E. , Yu Chen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParental responsiveness to infant behaviors is a strong predictor of infants' language and cognitive outcomes. The mechanisms underlying this effect, however, are relatively unknown. We examined the effects of parent speech on infants' visual attention, manual actions, hand‐eye coordination, and dyadic joint attention during parent‐infant free play. We report on two studies that used head‐mounted eye trackers in increasingly naturalistic laboratory environments. In Study 1, 12‐to‐24‐month‐old infants and their parents played on the floor of a seminaturalistic environment with 24 toys. In Study 2, a different sample of dyads played in a home‐like laboratory with 10 toys and no restrictions on their movement. In both studies, we present evidence that responsive parent speech extends the duration of infants' multimodal attention. This social “boost” of parent speech impacts multiple behaviors that have been linked to later outcomes—visual attention, manual actions, hand‐eye coordination, and joint attention. Further, the amount that parents talked during the interaction was negatively related to the effects of parent speech on infant attention. Together, these results provide evidence of a trade‐off between quantity of speech and its effects, suggesting multiple pathways through which parents impact infants' multimodal attention to shape the moment‐by‐moment dynamics of an interaction.
A comprehensive decision support model for online doctors ranking with interval‐valued neutrosophic numbers
Authors: Liang Pei , Hu Junhua , Chin KwaiSang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWeb‐based appointment systems are emerging in the healthcare industry with mass data, but homogenized online information and poor evaluation criteria lead to blindness in selecting doctors. To select an appropriate doctor when making appointments online, a comprehensive decision support model is proposed. First, one class of multi‐criteria is built from reviews by text mining technologies. For quantitative analysis, interval‐valued neutrosophic numbers (IVNNs) are utilized to describe reviews, and related integration operators of IVNNs are employed. Second, another class of multi‐criteria is established by the website‐given labels. A disease similarity measure‐based transformation method is proposed to redefine the doctors’ specialization, making the evaluation values more discriminable. Finally, a personalized doctor ranking result is derived by integrating the two classes of multi‐criteria values with a preference parameter. A case study of Wedoctor.com is conducted to validate the proposed model, and the comparison result indicates that the model can effectively support users’ decision‐making.
Predicting fraction and algebra achievements online: A large‐scale longitudinal study using data from an online learning environment
Authors: Spitzer Markus Wolfgang Hermann , Moeller Korbinian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundMastering fractions seems among the most critical mathematical skills for students to acquire in school as fraction understanding significantly predicts later mathematic achievements, but also broader academic and vocational prospects. As such, identifying longitudinal predictors of fraction understanding (e.g., mastery of numbers and operations) is highly relevant. However, almost all existing studies identifying more basic numerical skills as predictors of fraction understanding rest on data acquired in face‐to‐face testing—mostly in classrooms.ObjectivesIn this article, we evaluated whether results obtained in these previous studies generalized to data from the curriculum‐based online learning environment Bettermarks for mathematics used in schools in the Netherlands.MethodsWe considered data from more than 5000 students who solved over 1 million mathematical problem sets on basic mathematical skills, fractions, but also algebra.Results and ConclusionsIn line with previous findings, we found that fraction understanding was predicted significantly by more basic mathematical skills. Our analyses also indicated that algebra achievement was predicted significantly by fraction understanding beyond influences of more basic mathematical skills.ImplicationsTogether, these findings generalized previous results based on face‐to‐face testing to the context of data from online learning environments and thus, indicate that data from such large‐scale online learning environments may well qualify to provide significant insights into the hierarchical development of mathematical skills.
Expression analysis of miRNA hsa‐let7b‐5p in naso‐oropharyngeal swabs of COVID‐19 patients supports its role in regulating ACE2 and DPP4 receptors
Authors: Latini Andrea , Vancheri Chiara , Amati Francesca , Morini Elena , Grelli Sandro , Matteucci Claudia , Petrone Vita , Colona Vito Luigi , Murdocca Michela , Andreoni Massimo , Malagnino Vincenzo , Raponi Massimiliano , Cocciadiferro Dario , Novelli Antonio , Borgiani Paola , Novelli Giuseppe 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is the novel coronavirus responsible for worldwide coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). We previously observed that Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP4) are significantly overexpressed in naso‐oropharyngeal swabs (NPS) of COVID‐19 patients, suggesting their putative functional role in the disease progression. ACE2 and DPP4 overexpression in COVID‐19 patients may be associated to epigenetic mechanism, such as miRNA differential expression. We investigated if hsa‐let7b‐5p, reported to target both ACE2 and DPP4 transcripts, could be involved in the regulation of these genes. We verified that the inhibition and overexpression of hsa‐let7b‐5p matched to a modulation of both ACE2 and DPP4 levels. Then, we observed a statistically significant downregulation (FC = −1.5; p < 0.05) of hsa‐let7b‐5p in the same COVID‐19 and control samples of our previous study. This is the first study that shows hsa‐let7b‐5p low expression in naso‐oropharyngeal swabs of COVID‐19 patients and demonstrates a functional role of this miR in regulating ACE2 and DPP4 levels. These data suggest the involvement of hsa‐let7b‐5p in the regulation of genes necessary for SARS‐CoV‐2 infections and its putative role as a therapeutic target for COVID‐19.
Macrophage‐derived exosomal miR‐4532 promotes endothelial cells injury by targeting SP1 and NF‐κB P65 signalling activation
Authors: Liu Peng , Wang Shuya , Wang Guangxin , Zhao Mingming , Du Fengli , Li Kaiyuan , Wang Lei , Wu Huihui , Chen Jiamin , Yang Yang , Su Guohai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a complex pathological process involving macrophages, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells that can lead to ischemic heart disease; however, the mechanisms underlying cell‐to‐cell communication in atherosclerosis are poorly understood. In this study, we focused on the role of exosomal miRNAs in crosstalk between macrophages and endothelial cells and explored the rarely studied molecular mechanisms involved. Our in vitro result showed that macrophage‐derived exosomal miR‐4532 significantly disrupted human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) function by targeting SP1 and downstream NF‐κB P65 activation. In turn, increased endothelin‐1 (ET‐1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) and decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in HUVECs increased attraction of macrophages, exacerbating foam cell formation and transfer of exosomal miR‐4532 to HUVECs. MiR‐4532 overexpression significantly promoted endothelial injury and pretreatment with an inhibitor of miR‐4532 or GW4869 (exosome inhibitor) could reverse this injury. In conclusion, our data reveal that exosomes have a critical role in crosstalk between HUVECs and macrophages. Further, exosomal miR‐4532 transferred from macrophages to HUVECs and targeting specificity protein 1 (SP1) may be a novel therapeutic target in patients with atherosclerosis.
Pharmacologic inhibition of LAT1 predominantly suppresses transport of large neutral amino acids and downregulates global translation in cancer cells
Authors: Nishikubo Kou , Ohgaki Ryuichi , Okanishi Hiroki , Okuda Suguru , Xu Minhui , Endou Hitoshi , Kanai Yoshikatsu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractL‐type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1; SLC7A5), which preferentially transports large neutral amino acids, is highly upregulated in various cancers. LAT1 supplies cancer cells with amino acids as substrates for enhanced biosynthetic and bioenergetic reactions and stimulates signalling networks involved in the regulation of survival, growth and proliferation. LAT1 inhibitors show anti‐cancer effects and a representative compound, JPH203, is under clinical evaluation. However, pharmacological impacts of LAT1 inhibition on the cellular amino acid transport and the translational activity in cancer cells that are conceptually pivotal for its anti‐proliferative effect have not been elucidated yet. Here, we demonstrated that JPH203 drastically inhibits the transport of all the large neutral amino acids in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. The inhibitory effects of JPH203 were observed even in competition with high concentrations of amino acids in a cell culture medium. The analyses of the nutrient‐sensing mTORC1 and GAAC pathways and the protein synthesis activity revealed that JPH203 downregulates the global translation. This study demonstrates a predominant contribution of LAT1 to the transport of large neutral amino acids in cancer cells and the suppression of protein synthesis by JPH203 supposed to underly its broad anti‐proliferative effects across various types of cancer cells.
Increased diagnosis of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder despite stable hyperactive/inattentive behaviours: evidence from two birth cohorts of Australian children
Authors: Kazda Luise , McGeechan Kevin , Bell Katy , Thomas Rae , Barratt Alexandra 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundGlobally, ADHD diagnoses have increased substantially and there is concern that this trend does not necessarily reflect improved detection of cases but that overdiagnosis may be occurring. We directly compared ADHD diagnoses with ADHD‐related behaviours and looked for changes across time among Australian children in a large, population‐based prospective cohort study.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, including 4,699 children born 1999/2000 (cohort 1) and 4,425 children born 2003/2004 (cohort 2), followed from 4 to 13 years of age.We compared pre‐diagnosis parent‐reported hyperactive/inattentive behaviour scores between newly diagnosed (incident cases) and undiagnosed children and fitted Cox's proportional hazards regression models to examine the relationship between birth cohorts 1 and 2 and the risk of incident ADHD diagnosis.ResultsCumulative incident ADHD diagnoses increased from 4.6% in cohort 1 (born in 1999/2000) to 5.6% in cohort 2 (born in 2003/2004), while hyperactive/inattentive behaviour scores remained steady. Among ADHD diagnosed children, 26.5% (88/334) recorded pre‐diagnosis behaviours in the normal range, 27.6% (n = 92) had borderline scores and 45.8% (n = 153) scored within the clinical range. Children born in 2003/2004 were more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD compared with those born in 1999/2000 (aHR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.06–1.67, p = .012), regardless of their ADHD behaviour score (p = .972).ConclusionsDiagnostic increases were not driven by rises in hyperactive/inattentive behaviours. A quarter of all children with an ADHD diagnosis recorded pre‐diagnosis behaviours within the normal range. The increased likelihood of being diagnosed with ADHD for children from the later birth cohort was observed for children across the full range of ADHD‐related behaviours.
Generalizability of randomized controlled trials in primary health care: Applying the PRECIS‐2 tool on published protocols
Authors: Papagiannopoulou Evridiki , Laiou Elpiniki , Tatsi Chrysanthi , Dimakopoulos Georgios , Ntzani Evangelia E. , Siamopoulos Konstantinos , Tatsioni Athina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRationalePragmatic design may facilitate the generalizability of effectiveness of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in primary health care (PHC).Aims and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate whether published protocols in PHC were designed pragmatically and to explore whether specific trial characteristics may be related to a pragmatic design.MethodsUsing the Pragmatic Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary‐2 (PRECIS‐2), we assessed pragmatism for 123 published RCT protocols. For each domain, we calculated the mean score with the 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Interrater reliability was assessed by weighted κ‐coefficient with 95% CI. We examined potential associations of published protocol characteristics with overall pragmatism by performing univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsWe observed the highest score for primary analysis (4.66, 95% CI: 4.51, 4.82). The eligibility score was intermediate (3.16, 95% CI: 3.01, 3.32). Domains with scores towards the explanatory side included organization (2.50, 95% CI: 2.36, 2.63), flexibility of delivery (2.74, 95% CI: 2.60, 2.88) and flexibility of adherence (3.00, 95% CI: 2.83, 3.17). Interrater agreement was good (κ = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.80; p < 0.001). Higher sample sizes were correlated to a pragmatic design (odds ratio: 6.86, 95% CI: 1.64, 28.75; p = 0.04).ConclusionMost RCT protocols were rated as intermediate in the pragmatic‐explanatory continuum. Future research may guide all stakeholders on how best to incorporate the level of pragmatism in the interpretation of the results so that the trials are more likely to be applicable in real‐world settings.
A new brain‐cutting device and ultraviolet resin‐mounted human brain slices as a teaching adjunct for neuroanatomy education
Authors: Lee Jin‐Yu , Lee Je‐Chan , Hong Sung‐Young , Kim Eu‐Gene , Lee Eun‐Jin , Woo Ran‐Sook , Baik Tai‐Kyoung , Oh Sang‐Pil , Yoo Hong‐Il , Song Dae‐Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough the level of neuroscience research is rapidly developing with the introduction of new technologies, the method of neuroanatomy education remains at the traditional level and requires improvement to meet the needs of educators and trainees. We developed a new three‐dimensional (3D) printed device (human brain‐cutting mold, HBCM) for creating human brain slices; moreover, we demonstrated a simple method for creating semi‐permanent ultraviolet (UV) resin‐mounted brain slice specimens for neuroanatomy education. We obtained brain slices of uniform thickness (3 mm) through the HBCM; the resultant brain slices were optimal for assessing morphological details of the human brain. Furthermore, we used an agar‐embedding method for brain‐slicing with the HBCM, which minimized geometrical distortions of the brain slices. Also, we prepared semi‐permanent brain serial specimens using an acrylic brain slice frame and UV‐curable resin, which was highly compatible with moist bio‐specimens. During UV resin curing, neither air bubble formation nor color change occurred. The resultant UV resin‐mounted brain slices produced definite coronal sections with high transparency and morphological accuracy. We also performed 3D modeling by stacking brain slice images that differentiated the cortical area and nine subcortical regions via manual segmentation. This method could be a reliable alternative for displaying high‐quality human brain slices and would be helpful for students and trainee to understand anatomical orientation from 2D images to 3D structures. Also, this may present an innovative approach for preparing and preserving coronal sections of the normal or pathological human brain.