bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen identifies the coagulation factor IX (F9) as a regulator of senescence
Authors: Carpintero-Fernández Paula , Borghesan Michela , Eleftheriadou Olga , Pan-Castillo Belen , Fafián-Labora Juan Antonio , Mitchell Tom P. , Yuste Alejandro , Ogrunc Muge , Nightingale Thomas D. , Mayan Maria , O’Loghlen Ana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDuring this last decade, the development of prosenescence therapies has become an attractive strategy as cellular senescence acts as a barrier against tumour progression. In this context, CDK4/6 inhibitors induce senescence and reduce tumour growth in breast cancer patients. However, even though cancer cells are arrested after CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment, genes regulating senescence in this context are still unknown limiting their antitumour activity. Here, using a functional genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 genetic screen we found several genes that participate in the proliferation arrest induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors. We find that downregulation of the coagulation factor IX (F9) using sgRNA and shRNA prevents the cell cycle arrest and senescent-like phenotype induced in MCF7 breast tumour cells upon Palbociclib treatment. These results were confirmed using another breast cancer cell line, T47D, and with an alternative CDK4/6 inhibitor, Abemaciclib, and further tested in a panel of 22 cancer cells. WhileF9knockout prevents the induction of senescence, treatment with a recombinant F9 protein was sufficient to induce a cell cycle arrest and senescence-like state in MCF7 tumour cells. Besides, endogenous F9 is upregulated in different human primary cells cultures undergoing senescence. Importantly, bioinformatics analysis of cancer datasets suggest a role for F9 in human tumours. Altogether, these data collectively propose key genes involved in CDK4/6 inhibitor response that will be useful to design new therapeutic strategies in personalised medicine in order to increase their efficiency, stratify patients and avoid drug resistance.
Bounds of linear time‐varying systems with applications to quantify model gap of synchronous generators
Authors: Wang Peng , Wang Shaobu , Huang Renke 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLinear time‐varying (LTV) systems play a key role in many engineering problems, for example, trajectory sensitivity analysis of power systems. Because LTV systems do not generally have closed‐form solutions, estimates of their bounds are crucial to their analysis. In this paper, bounds for LTV systems with known inputs and unknown but bounded inputs are obtained via Grönwall's inequality. The estimated bounds are then used to quantify the gap between synchronous generators and their models in different scenarios through simulation.
Asking for fast terminal voltage control in grid following plants could provide benefits of grid forming behavior
Authors: Ramasubramanian Deepak , Baker Wes , Matevosyan Julia , Pant Siddharth , Achilles Sebastian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConventional inverter based resource (IBR) plants generally have control loops with high bandwidth which enable them to maintain tight control of the active and reactive power injected by the IBR device into the grid. These control loops, if not tuned appropriately, can suffer from instability under reduced system stiffness. To bring about an increase in stability of a power network with large percentage of IBRs, recent research done around the world has resulted in the emergence of multiple different types of so‐called grid forming inverter control architectures. But, in order for inverter manufacturers to break the circular (or chicken‐and‐egg) problem, exact performance requirements must be known, which can only be specified either through standards and/or interconnection requirements. Through the use of both electromagnetic transient (EMT) time domain and linearized state space small signal analysis, this paper will provide a way to define interconnection requirements that are agnostic to the specific type of grid forming or grid following IBR control. Further, the benefit of defining grid forming interconnection requirements even when short circuit ratio is not low will be showcased.
Obesity – A Matter of Motivation?
Authors: Hanssen Ruth , Thanarajah Sharmili E , Tittgemeyer Marc , Brüning Jens C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExcessive food intake and reduced physical activity have long been established as
primary causes of obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms causing this
unhealthy behavior characterized by heightened motivation for food but not for
physical effort are unclear. Despite the common unjustified stigmatization that
obesity is a result of laziness and lack of discipline, it is becoming
increasingly clear that high-fat diet feeding and obesity cause alterations in
brain circuits that are critical for the control of motivational behavior.In this mini-review, we provide a comprehensive overview of incentive motivation,
its neural encoding in the dopaminergic mesolimbic system as well as its
metabolic modulation with a focus on derangements of incentive motivation in
obesity. We further discuss the emerging field of metabolic interventions to
counteract motivational deficits and their potential clinical implications.
Effects of Immediate Coating on Unset Composite with Different Bonding Agents to Surface Hardness
Authors: Krajangta Nantawan , Ninbanjong Supissara , Khosook Sunisa , Chaitontuak Kanjana , Klaisiri Awiruth 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the surface microhardness of composite, affected by surface coating with different dental adhesive systems.
Materials and Methods A total of 100 composite discs were divided into five groups. Group 1 was uncoated (control group C), and groups 2 to 5 were coated with different adhesive systems (OptiBond FL: FL, OptiBond SOLO Plus: SOLO, OptiBond XTR: XTR, and OptiBond All in one: AIO, respectively). The Vickers microhardness (VHN) was measured without and with 500 thermocycles.
Statistical Analysis The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's posthoc test at the 95% confidence level.
Results At 24 hours, the VHN of C (59.96 ± 3.68) and FL (59.83 ± 4.54) were significantly higher than SOLO (51.73 ± 4.63) and AIO (51.45 ± 4.11). The VHN of XTR (54.96 ± 3.68) was not significant compared with that of C and all other groups. After thermocycling, VHN were significantly decreased in all groups. However, there were no significant differences among all groups.
Conclusions At 24 hours, composite coated with different adhesive systems have different effects to VHN. Thermocycling all adhesive resin systems coated on composite surface significantly decreased the VHN.
GeneXpert: A Rapid and Supplementary Diagnostic Tool for Tuberculous Meningitis, Experience from Tertiary Neurocenter
Authors: Wakode Priyanka , Siddaiah Nagarathna , Manjunath Netravathi , Bahubali Veena Kumari Haradara 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a highly lethal form of central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS TB) that causes high mortality and morbidity in children and adults. Nonspecific clinical presentation and fewer TB bacilli challenge clinicians resulting in delays in diagnosis and treatment.Aim This study aimed to evaluate the utility of GeneXpert alone and in combination with culture using 1 mL of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a volume constraint situation.Methods A total of 125 clinically confirmed TBM and 110 non-TBM cases, comprised of both infectious and noninfectious diseases. were included in the study. Patient details including clinical signs and symptoms, CSF, and imaging data were collected from the case records. CSF samples were obtained from all the patients and were tested by the mycobacterial culture method and GeneXpert test. The performance of both the tests was statistically calculated and reported in the form of sensitivity and specificity.Results Out of 125 TBM cases, 40 were detected positive by culture and 26 by GeneXpert. All 110 non-TBM cases were identified negative by both methods. The sensitivity and specificity of GeneXpert in comparison with culture were 27 and 100%, respectively. The culture was found to be more sensitive (32%) than GeneXpert. But the assay was able to detect a considerable number of clinically confirmed culture-negative TBM cases.Conclusion GeneXpert is a rapid test and including this as an adjunctive test along with the culture in routine clinical practice can improve the diagnosis of TBM in volume constraint scenario.
Prevalence of Associated Endocrine Diseases in Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Alshahrani Aysha , Abuoliat Zainah , Alshahrani Awad Saad , Al Balwi Mohammed Ali 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder that increases the risk of developing benign and malignant tumors. Several associated endocrine diseases in NF-1 patients have been explained in the literature. Thus, this study aims to assess the endocrine manifestations as there no previous local data have discussed this association.
Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at KAMC and KASCH, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia by including all patients genetically confirmed with NF1 from 2004 until 2019 using a consecutive non-probability sampling technique. The included data were demographics, consanguinity, genetic variant mutations as well as associated endocrine diseases.
Results The prevalence of patients with associated endocrine diseases was estimated to be 19.4%. Short stature showed the highest frequency of associated endocrine diseases followed by subclinical hypothyroidism. Positive consanguinity, sporadic mutation, and pathogenic variant showed high frequencies.
Conclusion The coexistence of endocrine diseases was found in NF-1 patients. Therefore, screening for endocrine abnormality in patients with NF-1 by comprehensive history and physical exam as well as investigations to minimize complications and the late presentation should be considered; however, further studies are necessary to address the need.
Development and Validation of Structured COVID Perception Interview Guide (COPING) for Assessing the Acute Impact of COVID-19 Diagnosis
Authors: Sutar Roshan , Lahiri Anuja , Singh Gaurav , Chaudhary Swanzil 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective Structured COVID Perception INterview Guide (COPING) is a novel tool developed to understand the acute impact after receiving the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Indian setting. The approach carries importance for interviewing patients in a state of shock immediately after receiving the diagnosis of COVID. The tool is developed emphasizing the grief, stigma, and acute psychological perception in the immediate aftermath of receiving the positive test results of COVID-19. Since COVID-19 is characteristically different from other infectious illnesses, a structured interview guide could help to address the concerns related to acute loss of health.

Materials and Methods This study follows a mixed method design conducted from August 2020 to January 2021. In-depth telephonic interviews with mild to moderate COVID patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in central India was followed by development of COPING questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale-Content Validity Index Universal Agreement (S-CVI/UA) was computed. Factor analysis, Bartlett's test, and Kaiser–Meier–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was performed. Principal component analysis, scree plots, and parallel analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine the number of factors to extract. For measuring internal consistency, Cronbach's α was computed.

Results Out of 40 items, the final tool had 15 items after computing content validity, performing factor analysis and achieving desired level of internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.702). Five domains identified after factor analysis were awareness, grief/bereavement, stigma, social reciprocity, and stress adaptation/coping.

Conclusion COPING is a valid and reliable interview guide for Indian setting that will allow the assessment of perception of patients with acute COVID-19 infection. Taking into consideration the mental health implications of COVID-19, the availability of such a validated and reliable tool is a timely step to address the public health problem and assist the ongoing research on COVID-19 and similar illnesses in the future.
Typical and Atypical Imaging Findings of Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Multiphasic MDCT Scan in Histologically Proved Cases
Authors: Prasad Umakant , Kumar Deepak , Bharti Rashmi Rani , Suman Sanjay Kumar , Singh Aishwerya , Kumar Ravikant 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to find out the incidence of typical and atypical radiological imaging findings of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on multiphase multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scans in histologically proven cases.
Materials and Methods A multiphase computed tomography study of 73 patients with histologically proven HCC was evaluated by a radiologist. Our multiphasic protocol was composed of precontrast, arterial, portal, and delayed venous phases. The reviewers analyzed the CT images for tumor size, enhancement patterns of HCC in different phases, relative timing of washout, internal cystic changes, and presence of dysmorphic intratumoral vessel aneurysms or arteriovenous shunt.
Results Most of the cases (95.9%) showed typical enhancement patterns in MDCT, i.e., enhancements in the arterial phase with the portal or delayed venous phase contrast washout. Three cases (4.9%) out of 73 HCC showed enhancements in the portal phase and washout in the delayed venous phase. Seven cases out of total 73 HCC (9.5%) patients showed heterogeneous enhancements in both arterial and portal phases and contrast washout in the delayed venous phase. Venous thrombosis was noted in about 44 cases (60%) out of total 73 patients, in which portal vein thrombosis was more common than hepatic veins/inferior vena cava.
Conclusion Most of the HCC show typical enhancement patterns, i.e., heterogeneous enhancements in the arterial phase and washout in the portal venous phase when we use MDCT. These findings are higher than those described previously. However, in our study, the main difference with MDCT was lower frequency of intratumoral pseudoaneurysm and bile duct invasion, and intratumoral fat and calcification (atypical character of HCC) were not found which were rare findings in previous study.
The Impact of Pneumonia PCR Panel Testing in the PICU: A Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Fireizen Yaron , Babbitt Christopher J. , Adams Susan , Morphew Tricia , Ferro Emanuel T. , Randhawa Inderpal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInappropriate antibiotic usage can contribute to the promotion of resistant bacteria. In an effort to reduce antibiotic length of therapy (LOT), we initiated a performance improvement project utilizing pneumonia polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing in ventilated pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients suspected of tracheitis or pneumonia. This was a single-center cohort intervention study that compared pre- and postimplementation patients. The intervention was the use of a pneumonia PCR panel on all PICU patients undergoing an evaluation for acute tracheitis or pneumonia during the postimplementation period. The inclusion criteria were either acute or acute on chronic respiratory failure. After an 8-month period, the charts were reviewed from both cohorts and baseline data, and outcome data were compared by statistical analysis. A total of 41 preimplementation and 30 postimplementation patients were compared, and no baseline differences were found except postimplementation patients being slightly older (133 vs. 56 months, p-value = 0.040). Analysis of the primary outcome measures found that the time to identification of organism (5 vs. 67 hours) and LOT (5 vs. 9 days, p < 0.001) were shorter in postimplementation patients compared with preimplementation patients. Antibiotics were changed based on the results of the pneumonia PCR on 18 of 30 patients (60%). There was no difference in ventilator-free days, PICU length of stay, or mortality. In conclusion, pneumonia PCR panel testing leads to more rapid results and was associated with reduced antibiotic LOT.
Management of Pathologic Fractures around the Knee: Part 2—Proximal Tibia
Authors: Martin John R. , Auran Richard L. , Duran Michael D. , de Comas Amalia M. , Jacofsky David J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetastatic disease affecting the proximal tibia is rarer than disease affecting the femur; however, it presents unique challenges that the orthopaedic surgeon must address to ensure successful outcomes and return the patient to an ambulatory status. The essential workup for evaluating and treating these patients is addressed briefly in this review as a summary of the information is provided in part 1 of this series. Part 2 of this series will focus on the surgical treatment of these lesions, which can be complex and is not as well described in the literature. Procedures ranging from open reduction internal fixation with cement augmentation to complex endoprosthetic reconstruction can be employed to address proximal tibia metastatic disease. An awareness of these various treatment modalities allows the orthopaedic surgeon to plan the most effective operation for the patients under their care.
Comparison of Acute-Phase Pain Intensity, Pain Trajectory, and the Number of Analgesics Administered between Total and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasties
Authors: Oka Tomohiro , Imai Ryota , Wada Osamu , Mizuno Kiyonori 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe aimed to compare the variables of pain intensity, pain trajectory, and the number of analgesics administered during the acute phase between total and unicompartmental knee arthroplasties. This prospective cohort study recruited 445 patients who planned to undergo knee arthroplasty. Pain intensity was evaluated during hospitalization, and 1 month postoperatively using a numerical rating scale. Pain trajectory (slope and intercept) was calculated using pain intensity data from postoperative days 1 to 4. The number of analgesics administered for worsening pain was monitored during hospitalization. Multiple linear regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounders was conducted to investigate the impact of surgery type on pain variables. Data for 208 and 189 patients who had undergone total and unicompartmental knee arthroplasties, respectively, were included in this study. Pain intensity and pain trajectory were similar between the two surgeries. The number of analgesics administered on postoperative day 3 (p = 0.01) and day 4 (p = 0.03), as well as total number (p = 0.01), were lower for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty than for total knee arthroplasty. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the type of surgery affected the total number of analgesics administered (β = − 1.24, p < 0.01, 95% confidence interval: −1.80 to −0.62). This study suggests that pain characteristics observed during the acute phase differ between total and unicompartmental knee arthroplasties. Postoperative pain should be managed, and rehabilitation should be provided at similar levels after the second postoperative day in total and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty patients.
Early Superior Clinical Outcomes in Robotic-Assisted TKA Compared to Conventional TKA in the Same Patient: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Ali Muzaffar , Kamson Anthony , Yoo Charlie , Singh Inderpreet , Ferguson Christopher , Dahl Raymond 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRobotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA) has demonstrated improved alignment and outcome scores when compared with manual total knee arthroplasty (M-TKA); however, few studies compare differences in the same patient. This study is a retrospective review that assesses clinical outcomes of 36 patients who underwent a primary RA-TKA and had undergone a prior contralateral M-TKA. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon at the same institution. Patients were assessed for differences in hospital length of stay, improvement in pre- versus postoperative range of motion, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores. Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test were utilized to detect significant differences. Patient demographics showed a mean age of 64.5, 24 females (67%), and mean body mass index of 35.1 ± 5.7. The average follow-up time was 2.9 years for M-TKA and 1.3 years for RA-TKA. Hospital length of stay was decreased by 5.5 hours for RA-TKA (p = 0.03). Total postoperative WOMAC score was not statistically different between RA-TKA and M-TKA (p = 0.061); however, pain and stiffness components were statistically improved in RA-TKA (p = 0.041 and p = 0.007), respectively. KOOS was higher in RA-TKA, which approached statistical significance (p = 0.005). Pre- versus postoperative knee flexion improved significantly in both cohorts. There was a significant difference in pre- versus postoperative range of motion at 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up after RA-TKA in comparison to M-TKA (p < 0.05). There were no postoperative complications. Patients who underwent RA-TKA demonstrated early improvement at 1-year follow-up in pain, stiffness, and knee flexion when compared with their prior contralateral M-TKA. There was a significant decrease in postoperative length of stay by 5.5 hours in the RA-TKA group. Limitations include a small sample size and differences in follow-up times between RA-TKA and M-TKA
Circadian rhythm of postural control, sleepiness and verticality perception in older adults
Authors: Langeard Antoine , Zouabi Amira , Martin Tristan , Quarck GaËlle , Gauthier Antoine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionwith ageing, the risk of falling increases. It has been reported that fall frequency may depend on the time of the day, suggesting a possible circadian rhythm of postural control. The objective was to test whether postural control in older adults followed a circadian rhythm. Then, in order to examine the possible functions involved in circadian variations in balance performances, circadian rhythm of sleepiness and vertical perception were also tested.Methodseight participants (70.7 ± 4.7 years) were included. Baseline circadian rhythm profile was assessed through continuous core temperature measurement. Static and dynamic balance, subjective sleepiness and fatigue, and verticality perception were measured at 2:00, 6:00, 10:00, 14:00, 18:00 and 22:00, on separate weeks in a random order.Resultstemperature followed a circadian rhythm, with lowest temperature occurring at 03:50. Circadian rhythm was detected for the centre of pressure displacement length and velocity, in dynamic condition eyes closed, with lowest performances occurring at 18:33 and 16:59, respectively. Subjective sleepiness and fatigue also followed circadian rhythm with lowest sleepiness occurring at 15:46 and 15:50, for the Karolinska Sleeping Scale and the Visual Analogic Scale of fatigue, respectively. Finally, the vertical perception was not significantly following a circadian rhythm.Conclusionolder adults present a circadian rhythm of balance, in particular in more challenging conditions, and the lowest performances occurred in the late afternoon These circadian rhythms could explain some of the falls happening at this time in community-dwelling older adults.