bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust gamma correction based on chord distribution coding considering projector defocusing
Authors: Deng Gaoxu , Wu Shiqian , Zou Lingyun , Cao Wei , Han Hao 
Published: March 2022

In phase-measurement profilometry (PMP), the gamma effect can cause severe nonlinear distortion of the phase pattern (i.e., water ripples on the surface profile). Gamma correction is an effective method to eliminate the gamma effects of commercial projectors. However, projector defocusing on the suppression of higher harmonics inevitably results in an estimated gamma deviation from the true value. In this study, gamma mapping is constructed using the duty ratio (DR) to code the chord distribution of the simulated distorted phase while considering projector defocusing. With the known gamma mapping, the accurate gamma is calculated by DR coding of the actual distorted phase under projector defocusing. Simulated experiments verified that the relative errors of the gamma calculated by the proposed method under different degrees of defocus were less than 3.5%. Furthermore, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed gamma calculation method is robust to the defocus effect of the projector and that a smoother surface can be reconstructed after gamma correction.
Hilfsbereit, verständnisvoll, bescheiden: Problematik und Folgen von weiblichen Voice Assistants
Authors: Hefti Sarah 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel legt die soziale und ethische Problematik weiblich konzipierter Voice Assistants dar. Weibliche Voice Assistants, die folgsam bis unterwürfig die ihnen aufgetragenen Arbeiten erledigen und selbst bei Beleidigungen höflich bleiben, können geschlechterstereotype Erwartungen an Frauen in der Gesellschaft hervorrufen und festigen. Angesichts der weltweit starken Zunahme von Voice Assistants ist dies ein Aspekt, der unbedingt thematisiert werden sollte. Die menschliche respektive weibliche Inszenierung der Technologie fusst auf grösstenteils bewussten Entscheidungen der beteiligten Design- und Entwicklungsteams. Sie programmieren geschlechterstereotype Reaktionen, setzen auf weibliche Stimmen und Namen. Die einfach gestrickten, hilfsbereiten weiblichen Voice Assistants können als hochmoderne Technologie Geschlechterstereotype nicht nur abbilden, sondern sie auch direkt zurück an ihre Nutzer:innen spielen. Damit verfügen sie über das Potenzial, längst ausgediente Rollenbilder in der Realität zu nähren. Der Artikel erörtert diese Problematik und analysiert hierfür aktuelle Literatur- und Medienbeiträge. Abschliessend werden mögliche Handlungsfelder für Technologiekonzerne, Forschung, Gesetzgebung und Zivilgesellschaft abgeleitet. Der Weg führt über eine stärkere Sensibilisierung aller an der Entwicklung Beteiligten und der Nutzer:innen. Nur so können Alternativen zu den gängigen Voice Assistants entstehen.
Echocardiographic left ventricular stroke work index: An integrated noninvasive measure of shock severity
Authors: Jentzer Jacob C. , Wiley Brandon M. , Anavekar Nandan S. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundEchocardiographic findings vary with shock severity, as defined by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention (SCAI) shock stage. Left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) measured by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can predict mortality in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). We sought to determine whether LVSWI could refine mortality risk stratification by the SCAI shock classification in the CICU.MethodsWe included consecutive CICU patients from 2007 to 2015 with TTE data available to calculate the LVSWI, specifically the mean arterial pressure, stroke volume index and medial mitral E/e’ ratio. In-hospital mortality as a function of LVSWI was evaluated across the SCAI shock stages using logistic regression, before and after multivariable adjustment.ResultsWe included 3635 unique CICU patients, with a mean age of 68.1 ± 14.5 years (36.5% females); 61.1% of patients had an acute coronary syndrome. The LVSWI progressively decreased with increasing shock severity, as defined by increasing SCAI shock stage. A total of 203 (5.6%) patients died during hospitalization, with higher in-hospital mortality among patients with lower LVSWI (adjusted OR 0.66 per 10 J/m2 higher) or higher SCAI shock stage (adjusted OR 1.24 per each higher stage). A LVSWI <33 J/m2 was associated with higher adjusted in-hospital mortality, particularly among patients with shock (SCAI stages C, D and E).ConclusionsThe LVSWI by TTE noninvasively characterizes the severity of shock, including both systolic and diastolic parameters, and can identify low-risk and high-risk patients at each level of clinical shock severity.
Alcohol drinking delays the rate of sputum smear conversion among DR-TB patients in northwest Ethiopia; A retrospective follow-up study
Authors: Merid Mehari Woldemariam , Muluneh Atalay Goshu , Kassa Getahun Molla 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundSputum smear microscopy is simple and feasible technique to assess the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in the respiratory tract of patients with Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (DR-TB). Conversion of sputum smear from positive to negative is considered as an interim indicator of efficacy of anti-tubercular treatment and the program effectiveness. Although evidences regarding the factors affecting the sputum smear conversion are available on drug susceptible TB patients, there is dearth of literature about smear conversion and its predictors among DR-TB patients in the study setting. Hence, shortening the time to sputum smear conversion is desirable to reduce the likelihood of mycobacterial transmission. This study has therefore aimed at estimating the median time of sputum smear conversion and to determine its predictors.MethodsThis was a retrospective follow-up study conducted among DR-TB patients registered for second-line anti-TB treatment in the four hospitals of Amhara regional state, Northwest Ethiopia. Of all patients enrolled to DR-TB treatment in the study setting from 2010 to 2017, 436 patients have been include for this study who fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The cox proportional hazard model was fitted and the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p <0.05 was used to declare statistical significance of the variables associated with the smear conversion.ResultsFrom the 436 patients with sputum smear positive at baseline, 351 (80.5%) converted sputum smear at a median time of 48 (IQR: 30–78) days. The median time of smear conversion was 59 (95% CI: 42, 74) and 44 (95% CI: 37, 54) days among patients who had and had no history of alcohol drinking, respectively. Similarly, the median time to smear conversion was 61 (95% CI: 36, 73) days among patients with comorbid conditions and 44 (95% CI: 38, 54) days among patients with no comorbid conditions. In the multi-variable analysis, only history of alcohol consumption [AHR=0.66 (0.50, 0.87)] was found to delay significantly the rate of sputum smear conversion.ConclusionIn our study, the median time of sputum smear conversion was with in the expected time frame of conversion. History of alcohol consumption was found to delay significantly the rate of sputum smear conversion. The DR-TB patients are strongly advised to avoid alcohol consumption.
The Application of Dynamic Zakat Percentage by Yusuf al-Qaradawy on the Professional Zakat in Indonesian BAZNAS
Authors: Haris Gusnam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract: This article explores the comparison of professional zakat acquisition at BAZNAS Indonesia between the zakat acquisition using a standard percentage and using the dynamic percentage offered by Yusuf Al-Qaradawi. Currently, professional and mal zakat at BAZNAS Indonesia has provided the largest income of all existing zakat acquisition. The percentage of professional zakat is using standard percentage, 2,5% of someone professional income. With using the payroll system, all muzakkys have the same amount of zakat, no matter how much they earn. It is not fair to those who have a small income. Can the application of a dynamic percentage of zakat on professional zakat increase the zakat acquisition and fulfil the justice? It is based on professional zakat data obtained from the National UPZ Collection Division of BAZNAS, and the data is simulated using dynamic percentages. The result shows that the dynamic zakat percentage is more fulfilling legal justice than the standard percentage and the zakat acquisition—that application of the dynamic zakat percentage-- has increased by 16.9% compared to the application of the standard percentage that used by BAZNAS today. Abstrak: Artikel ini memaparkan perbandingan perolehan zakat profesi di BAZNAS Indonesia antara perolehan zakat menggunakan persentase tetap dengan perolehan zakat menggunakan persentase dinamis yang ditawarkan oleh Yusuf al-Qaradawi. Zakat mal dan profesi di BAZNAS Indonesia saat ini telah memberikan income terbesar dari keseluruhan perolehan zakat yang ada. Persentase zakat profesi yang digunakan adalah persentase tetap yaitu 2,5% dari pendapatan profesi seseorang. Melalui sistem payroll, seluruh muzakky disamakan tanpa memandang besar kecilnya penghasilan mereka. Hal ini dipandang tidak adil bagi mereka yang berpenghasilan kecil. Mampukah penerapan persentase zakat dinamis atas zakat profesi lebih mendatangkan keadilan dan dapat meningkatkan perolehan zakat profesi? Data yang digunakan adalah data zakat profesi yang diperoleh dari Divisi Pengumpulan UPZ Nasional BAZNAS yang menggunakan persentase tetap, kemudian data tersebut disimulasikan dengan menggunakan persentase dinamis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penerapan persentase zakat dinamis lebih memenuhi keadilan hukum dibandingkan presentase zakat tetap. Selain itu, pengumpulan dana zakat dengan menggunakan persentase zakat dinamis mengalami peningkatan sebesar 16,9% dibandingkan penerapan persentase tetap yang digunakan oleh BAZNAS saat ini.
From Desire to Endurance: Hanging on in a Spanish Village
Authors: Weiss Hadas 
Published: March 2022

Comparing a Spanish village in the 1960s and 1980s, Jane Collier analyzed how the different ways of making a living in those decades generated distinct dispositions: from abiding by duty to pursuing desire. I revisited this village to explore the ideological contours of finance-led capitalism and the livelihoods it enables in rural Andalusia. I found that villagers’ struggles to hang on, arrested in a present in which property carries over insufficient value from the past, and work offers no path to progress in the future, are redeemed by a discourse of endurance. I trace its material underpinnings to constraints imposed on work and property and demonstrate how it renders villagers’ struggles as an accomplishment rather than an affliction. I also use this ethnography to make a case for studying contemporary attitudes as reflections of ideology, rather than as expressions of political agency.

Resumen

Jane Collier, en sus estudios de un pueblo español en los años sesenta y ochenta, analizó cómo las diferentes formas de ganarse la vida en esa época generaban actitudes muy claras: desde cumplir deberes hasta perseguir deseos. Volví a visitar este pueblo en concreto para explorar los rasgos ideológicos del capitalismo financiero y los modos y medios de vida que genera en la Andalucía rural. Encontré que la lucha de los vecinos por mantenerse a flote, paralizados en un presente en el que la tierra y la vivienda no conservan suficientemente su valor del pasado y el trabajo no ofrece ninguna garantía de avanzar, se ve compensada con un discurso de “aguantar”. Trazo las bases materiales de esta situación en las limitaciones impuestas a través del trabajo y la propiedad y demuestro cómo interpretar estas luchas de los aldeanos como un logro y no como una aflicción. También sirve esta etnografía para defender el análisis de actitudes contemporáneas como reflejo de la ideología, más que como expresión de una capacidad política.
Alun-Alun Lama dan Wilhelmina Plein Ruang Terbuka kota di Pusat Pemerintahan Lokal dan Kolonial di Semarang
Authors: Rukayah R Siti , Pribadi Septana Bagus , Etenia Annica 
Published: March 2022

Design of the government city center in the traditional period has proven to reveal the richness of Indonesian culture. One of them is evidenced by the values of local wisdom that still maintained from generations even though various challenges have been faced, including the penetration of foreign influences. The traditional center of government is reflected in Semarang's Old City Square [Alun-Alun Semarang]. Its existence coincided with the center of colonial administration (Kantor Gouverneur van Java's Noord-Oostkust, 1754–1761) on Jalan Bojong (now Jalan Pemuda Semarang) which lasted until the 1970s. Unfortunately, after the 1970s, the alun-alun and the traditional government center (Kanjengan) disappeared and only left a cultural heritage in the form of mosque buildings and the dhugderan tradition mostly became an icon of the identity of traditional cities in Java. By using the historical method in relation to the use of contemporary sources, this study reveals the existence of the alun-alun as an open space for the traditional rulers and Taman Wilhelmina Plein as an open space for the colonial government, both of them were located in the same city corridor. The Jalan Bojong Corridor is part of de Groote Postweg, Jalan Raya Pos stretched from Anyer to Panarukan. In Semarang, this road connects the fort area which is now the Old City and Alun-Alun Semarang. The interesting issue is the dualism of road section in colonial government is reflected and it is side by side with the traditional center of government.
Multiple nodal solutions of the Kirchhoff-type problem with a cubic term
Authors: Wang Tao , Yang Yanling , Guo Hui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this article, we are interested in the following Kirchhoff-type problem
(0.1)

−

a
+
b

∫

R

N

∣

∇

u

∣

2

d
x

Δ
u
+
V

(

∣
x
∣

)

u
=
∣
u

∣

2

u

in

R

N

,

u
∈

H

1

(

R

N

)

,

\left\{\begin{array}{l}-\left(a+b\mathop{\displaystyle \int }\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}}| \nabla u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2}{\rm{d}}x\right)\Delta u+V\left(| x| )u=| u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2}u\hspace{1.0em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\\ u\in {H}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}),\end{array}\right.

where

a
,
b
>
0
,
N
=
2

a,b\gt 0,N=2

or 3, the potential function

V

V

is radial and bounded from below by a positive number. Because the nonlocal

b
∣

∇

u

∣

L

2

(

R

N

)

2

Δ
u

b| \nabla u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }_{{L}^{2}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})}^{2}\Delta u

is 3-homogeneous which is in complicated competition with the nonlinear term

∣
u

∣

2

u

| u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2}u

. This causes that not all function in

H

1

(

R

N

)

{H}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})

can be projected on the Nehari manifold and thereby the classical Nehari manifold method does not work. By introducing the Gersgorin Disk theorem and the Miranda theorem, via a limit approach and subtle analysis, we prove that for each positive integer

k

k

, equation (0.1) admits a radial nodal solution

U

k
,
4

b

{U}_{k,4}^{b}

having exactly

k

k

nodes. Moreover, we show that the energy of

U

k
,
4

b

{U}_{k,4}^{b}

is strictly increasing in

k

k

and for any sequence

{

b

n

}

\left\{{b}_{n}\right\}

with

b

n

→

0

+

,

{b}_{n}\to {0}_{+},

up to a subsequence,

U

k
,
4

b

n

{U}_{k,4}^{{b}_{n}}

converges to

U

k
,
4

0

{U}_{k,4}^{0}

in

H

1

(

R

N

)

{H}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})

, which is a radial nodal solution with exactly

k

k

nodes of the classical Schrödinger equation

−
a
Δ
u
+
V

(

∣
x
∣

)

u
=
∣
u

∣

2

u

in

R

N

,

u
∈

H

1

(

R

N

)

.

\left\{\begin{array}{l}-a\Delta u+V\left(| x| )u=| u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2}u\hspace{1.0em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\\ u\in {H}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}).\end{array}\right.

Our results extend the existence result from the super-cubic case to the cubic case.
Global attractors of the degenerate fractional Kirchhoff wave equation with structural damping or strong damping
Authors: Yang Wenhua , Zhou Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article deals with the degenerate fractional Kirchhoff wave equation with structural damping or strong damping. The well-posedness and the existence of global attractor in the natural energy space by virtue of the Faedo-Galerkin method and energy estimates are proved. It is worth mentioning that the results of this article cover the case of possible degeneration (or even negativity) of the stiffness coefficient. Moreover, under further suitable assumptions, the fractal dimension of the global attractor is shown to be infinite by using

Z

2

{{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}

index theory.
Properties of generalized degenerate parabolic systems
Authors: Kim Sunghoon , Lee Ki-Ahm 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this article, we consider the parabolic system

(

u

i

)

t

=

∇

⋅

(

m

U

m
−
1

A

(

∇

u

i

,

u

i

,
x
,
t

)

+
ℬ

(

u

i

,
x
,
t

)

)

,

(

1
≤
i
≤
k

)

{({u}^{i})}_{t}=\nabla \cdot (m{U}^{m-1}{\mathcal{A}}(\nabla {u}^{i},{u}^{i},x,t)+{\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}({u}^{i},x,t)),\hspace{1.0em}(1\le i\le k)

in the range of exponents

m
>

n
−
2

n

m\gt \frac{n-2}{n}

where the diffusion coefficient

U

U

depends on the components of the solution

u
=

(

u

1

,

…

,

u

k

)

{\bf{u}}=({u}^{1},\ldots ,{u}^{k})

. Under suitable structure conditions on the vector fields

A

{\mathcal{A}}

and

ℬ

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}

, we first showed the uniform

L

∞

{L}^{\infty }

boundedness of the function

U

U

for

t
≥
τ
>
0

t\ge \tau \gt 0

. We also proved the law of

L

1

{L}^{1}

mass conservation and the local continuity of solution

u

{\bf{u}}

. In the last result, all components of the solution

u

{\bf{u}}

have the same modulus of continuity if the ratio between

U

U

and

u

i

{u}^{i}

, (

1
≤
i
≤
k

1\le i\le k

), is uniformly bounded above and below.
Repurposing tires – alternate energy source?
Authors: Wolfersdorff Martin , Plaumann Heinz 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTires are complex articles by virtue of chemistry, usage and disposal. They have served Humanity at powerful “enablers” for connecting the World by transportation and commerce. However, they also pose environmental issues primarily after their relatively short service lives. This chapter touches these various aspects from “cradle to grave”.
The Role of Tutors to Increase the Motivation of Homeschooling Primagama Students
Authors: Nursamsu Ginanjar Bayu , Mulyono Sungkowo  Edy 
Published: March 2022

This research aims to describe: The role of tutors to increase student learning motivation in equality education package c equivalent high school in homeschooling primagama Semarang, describes the supporting factors of tutors in increasing learning motivation students as well describe the inhibitory factors of tutors in increasing student learning motivation. The methods used in this study are qualitative descriptive, data collection using observation, interview, and documentation methods. The subjects in this study consisted of the head of homeschooling, 3 tutors, 3 students, Validity of data using triangulation techniques as well as in this study using data analysis techniques using Data Reduction, Presentation of Conclusion data and Verification. In this study obtained results including Student learning motivation in following the learning process consists of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation, overall learning motivation Students have less good motivation in carrying out the learning process and learning activities. So, there needs to be increased motivation from inside and outside himself. The role of tutors to increase learning motivation can be seen from several indicators, namely: as informors, organizers, donors, initiators, motivators, mediators, facilitators, and evaluators in general tutors are able to carry out their roles so that tutors are able to provide and increase learning motivation to students.
Vaccine Effectiveness Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe Outcomes in the Maintenance Dialysis Population in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Oliver Matthew J. , Thomas Doneal , Balamchi Shabnam , Ip Jane , Naylor Kyla , Dixon Stephanie N. , McArthur Eric , Kwong Jeff , Perl Jeffrey , Atiquzzaman Mohammad , Singer Joel , Yeung Angie , Hladunewich Michelle , Yau Kevin , Garg Amit X. , Leis Jerome A. , Levin Adeera , Krajden Mel , Blake Peter G. 
Published: March 2022

Significance Statement
Serology studies of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in the maintenance dialysis population have found weak antibody responses to one dose of vaccine and lower responses to two doses than among healthy controls. However, it is undetermined how these serologic responses correlate with the prevention of infection, hospitalization, and mortality in this immunosuppressed population. We identified 13,759 individuals receiving maintenance dialysis in Ontario, Canada. One dose of vaccine reduced the risk of infection and severe outcomes by 41% and 46%, respectively, compared with unvaccinated patients. Two doses of vaccine reduced the risk of infection and severe outcomes by 69% and 83%, respectively. The study confirms that coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination is effective in the maintenance dialysis population.

Background
Vaccination studies in the hemodialysis population have demonstrated decreased antibody response compared with healthy controls, but vaccine effectiveness for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease is undetermined.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study in the province of Ontario, Canada, between December 21, 2020, and June 30, 2021. Receipt of vaccine, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and related severe outcomes (hospitalization or death) were determined from provincial health administrative data. Receipt of one and two doses of vaccine were modeled in a time-varying cause-specific Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for baseline characteristics, background community infection rates, and censoring for non-COVID death, recovered kidney function, transfer out of province, solid organ transplant, and withdrawal from dialysis.

Results
Among 13,759 individuals receiving maintenance dialysis, 2403 (17%) were unvaccinated and 11,356 (83%) had received at least one dose by June 30, 2021. Vaccine types were BNT162b2 (n=8455, 74%) and mRNA-1273 (n=2901, 26%); median time between the first and second dose was 36 days (IQR 28–51). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes for one dose compared with unvaccinated was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.46 to 0.76) and 0.54 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.77), respectively, and for two doses compared with unvaccinated was 0.31 (95% CI, 0.22 to 0.42) and 0.17 (95% CI, 0.1 to 0.3), respectively. There were no significant differences in vaccine effectiveness among age groups, dialysis modality, or vaccine type.

Conclusions
COVID-19 vaccination is effective in the dialysis population to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes, despite concerns about suboptimal antibody responses.