bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in medical errors among older patients and inequalities in medical compensation compared with younger adults
Authors: Liu Paicheng , Yang Yuxuan , Cheng Jianxin 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundDespite growing evidence focusing on health inequalities in older adults, inequalities in medical compensation compared with younger adults and gender disparities of medical errors among older patients have received little attention. This study aimed to disclose the aforementioned inequalities and examine the disparities in medical errors among older patients.MethodsFirst, available litigation documents were searched on “China Judgment Online” using keywords including medical errors. Second, we compiled a database with 5,072 disputes. After using systematic random sampling to retain half of the data, we removed 549 unrelated cases. According to the age, we identified 424 and 1,563 cases related to older and younger patients, respectively. Then, we hired two frontline physicians to review the documents and independently judge the medical errors and specialties involved. A third physician further considered the divergent results. Finally, we compared the medical compensation between older and younger groups and medical errors and specialties among older patients.ResultsOlder patients experienced different medical errors in divergent specialties. The medical error rate of male older patients was over 4% higher than that of females in the departments of general surgery and emergency. Female older patients were prone to adverse events in respiratory medicine departments and primary care institutes. The incidence of insufficient implementation of consent obligation among male older patients was 5.18% higher than that of females. However, females were more likely to suffer adverse events at the stages of diagnosis, therapy, and surgical operation. The total amount of medical compensation obtained by younger patients was 41.47% higher than that of older patients.ConclusionsExcept for the common medical errors and departments involved, additional attention should be paid to older patients of different genders according to the incidence of medical errors. Setting up the department of geriatrics or specialist hospitals is also an important alternative to improve patient safety for older people. Furthermore, there may be inequality in medical compensation in older patients due to the tort liability law of China.
Multimorbidity resilience and health behaviors among older adults: A longitudinal study using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Wister Andrew , Li Lun , Whitmore Carly , Ferris Jennifer , Klasa Katarzyna , Linkov Igor 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThere has been a growing interest in examining why some individuals adapt and bounce back from multimorbidity (resilience) better than others. This paper investigates the positive role of protective health behaviors on multimorbidity resilience (MR) among older adults focusing on older persons with two or more concurrent chronic conditions, and separately for three multimorbidity chronic illness clusters.MethodsUsing Baseline and Follow-up One data from the Comprehensive Cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, we studied 10,628 participants aged 65 years and older who reported two or more of 27 chronic conditions, and three multimorbidity clusters: Cardiovascular/metabolic, Musculoskeletal, and Mental health. Associations between health behaviors and MR were evaluated using Linear Mixed Models, adjusting for socio-demographic, social/environmental, and illness context social determinants of health.ResultsAmong older adults with two or more illnesses, smoking, satisfaction with sleep, appetite, and skipping meals were associated with MR in the expected direction. Also, obesity (compared to normal weight) and skipping meals showed longitudinal interaction effects with survey wave. Most of the results were replicated for the physical multimorbidity clusters (Cardiovascular/metabolic and Musculoskeletal) compared to the full 2+ multimorbidity analyses; however, for the Mental health cluster, only satisfaction with sleep was supported as a lifestyle predictor of MR.DiscussionSeveral modifiable health behaviors identified in the broader health and aging literature are important in affecting levels of multimorbidity resilience in older age. These factors are important strength-based areas to target. Additionally, several social determinants of health are also supported and parallel research on multimorbidity risk. The effects of lifestyle factors for resilience among older adults is dependent on the type of multimorbidity measured. We conclude that the results have significant public health, program intervention, and clinical implications for healthy aging among persons coping with multimorbidity.
Advertising of unhealthy foods and beverages around primary and junior high schools in Ghana's most urbanized and populous region
Authors: Amevinya Gideon Senyo , Vandevijvere Stefanie , Kelly Bridget , Afagbedzi Seth Kwaku , Aryeetey Richmond , Adjei Akosua Pokua , Quarpong Wilhemina , Tandoh Akua , Nanema Silver , Agyemang Charles , Zotor Francis , Laar Matilda E. , Mensah Kobby , Laryea Dennis , Asiki Gershim , Holdsworth Michelle , Laar Amos 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe advertising of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and beverages is a common feature in obesogenic food environments. Such advertising, within and around settings where children live, learn, and play, negatively affects their food acquisition and consumption. We examined the extent and nature of food and beverage advertising around primary and junior high schools in Ghana's most populous and urbanized region, Greater Accra.Materials and methodsOutdoor advertisements for foods and beverages within a 250 m road network distance of 200 randomly sampled schools were geocoded. For each food and beverage advertisement, information was collected on the setting, type, size, and number of product types featured in the advertisement. Promotional techniques (promotional characters and premium offers) used in advertisements were documented. Advertised foods and beverages were classified using the INFORMAS and NOVA food classification systems.ResultsA total of 5,887 advertisements were identified around the schools surveyed, 42% of which were for foods and beverages. Advertisements were most prevalent at food outlets (78% of all food advertisements), but also along roads and on non-food structures. Overall, 70% of food advertisements featured non-core/unhealthy products, while 12 and 14% had core/healthy and miscellaneous (including soup cubes, seasonings, and tea) products. About 4% of food advertisements had only a product/brand name or logo displayed. One out of two of the foods and beverages advertised were ultra-processed foods, 30% processed, 3% processed culinary ingredients, and 17% unprocessed or minimally processed foods. Sugar-sweetened beverages were the most advertised food product type (32%). Promotional characters were found on 14% of all food advertisements (most–69% were cartoons or manufacturer's characters), while 8% of all food advertisements had premium offers (including price discounts and gift/collectables).ConclusionsThere is an abundance of unhealthy food advertisements around primary and junior high schools in the Greater Accra Region. Policy actions such as restricting the promotion of unhealthy foods in children's settings are needed to protect pupils from such advertising practices.
Cost-effectiveness of various immunization schedules with inactivated Sabin strain polio vaccine in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Xu Yuyang , Liu Yan , Wang Jun , Che Xinren , Du Jian , Zhang Xiaoping , Gu Wenwen , Zhang Xuechao , Jiang Wei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundIt is necessary to select suitable inactivated poliovirus vaccine(IPV) and live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) sequential immunization programs and configure the corresponding health resources. An economic evaluation was conducted on the sequential procedures of Sabin strain-based IPV (sIPV) and bivalent OPV (bOPV) with different doses to verify whether a cost-effectiveness target can be achieved. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different sIPV immunization schedules, which would provide convincing evidence to further change the poliovirus vaccine (PV) immunization strategies in China.MethodsFive strategies were included in this analysis. Based on Strategy 0(S0), the incremental cost (IC), incremental effect (IE), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the four different strategies (S1/S2/S3/S4) were calculated based on the perspective of the society. Seven cost items were included in this study. Results of field investigations and expert consultations were used to calculate these costs.ResultsThe ICs of S1/S2/S3/S4 was Chinese Yuan (CNY) 30.77, 68.58, 103.82, and 219.82 million, respectively. The IE of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (IEVAPP) cases of S1/S2/S3/S4 were 0.22, 0.22, 0.22, and 0.11, respectively, while the IE of disability-adjusted life-years (IEDALY) of S1/S2/S3/S4 were 8.98, 8.98, 8.98, and 4.49, respectively. The ICERVAPP of S1/S2/S3/S4 gradually increased to CNY 13.99, 31.17, 47.19, and 199.83 million/VAPP, respectively. The ICERDALY of S1/S2/S3/S4 also gradually increased to CNY 0.34, 0.76, 1.16, and 4.90 million/DALY, respectively.ConclusionICERVAPP and ICERDALY were substantially higher for S3 (four-sIPV) and S4 (replacement of self-funded sIPV based on one-sIPV-three-bOPV). Two-sIPV-two-bOPV had a cost-effectiveness advantage, whereas S2/S3/S4 had no cost-effectiveness advantage.
The Microbiome in Periodontitis and Diabetes
Authors: Silva Davi Neto de Araújo , Casarin Maísa , Monajemzadeh Sepehr , Bezerra Beatriz de Brito , Lux Renate , Pirih Flavia Q. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo perform a comprehensive and integrative review of the available literature on the potential changes in the microbiome of healthy and individuals with diabetes under periodontal health and disease.Materials and MethodsThe review was conducted by two independent reviewers. Indexed electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus) were searched, including articles published in English and dated from 5 years ago until December 2021. A manual search also was performed to identify co-related articles. Following the removal of duplicates and eligibility criteria, the articles were included in tables for analysis and described in the manuscript.ResultsAccording to this review, diabetes mellitus was associated with significant changes in the subgingival and salivary microbiome, either in its association with periodontitis or in cases of periodontal health. In addition to affecting microbial diversity in terms of taxonomy, metagenomic studies have shown that this endocrine disorder may also be directly related to increased pathogenicity in the oral microbiome.ConclusionAlthough the reviewed studies demonstrate important differences in the subgingival and salivary microbiome composition because of diabetes mellitus, further studies are needed to clarify the real effects of hyperglycemia on oral microbial profiles and support new diagnostic approaches and innovative treatments.
An event of extreme relativistic and ultra-relativistic electron enhancements following the arrival of consecutive corotating interaction regions: Coordinated observations by Van Allen Probes, Arase, THEMIS and Galileo satellites
Authors: Nasi Afroditi , Katsavrias Christos , Daglis Ioannis A. , Sandberg Ingmar , Aminalragia-Giamini Sigiava , Li Wen , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Evans Hugh , Mitani Takefumi , Matsuoka Ayako , Shinohara Iku , Takashima Takeshi , Hori Tomoaki , Balasis Georgios 
Published: September 2022

During July to October of 2019, a sequence of isolated Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) impacted the magnetosphere, for four consecutive solar rotations, without any interposed Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections. Even though the series of CIRs resulted in relatively weak geomagnetic storms, the net effect of the outer radiation belt during each disturbance was different, depending on the electron energy. During the August-September CIR group, significant multi-MeV electron enhancements occurred, up to ultra-relativistic energies of 9.9 MeV in the heart of the outer Van Allen radiation belt. These characteristics deemed this time period a fine case for studying the different electron acceleration mechanisms. In order to do this, we exploited coordinated data from the Van Allen Probes, the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms Mission (THEMIS), Arase and Galileo satellites, covering seed, relativistic and ultra-relativistic electron populations, investigating their Phase Space Density (PSD) profile dependence on the values of the second adiabatic invariant K, ranging from near-equatorial to off equatorial mirroring populations. Our results indicate that different acceleration mechanisms took place for different electron energies. The PSD profiles were dependent not only on the μ value, but also on the K value, with higher K values corresponding to more pronounced local acceleration by chorus waves. The 9.9 MeV electrons were enhanced prior to the 7.7 MeV, indicating that different mechanisms took effect on different populations. Finally, all ultra-relativistic enhancements took place below geosynchronous orbit, emphasizing the need for more Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) missions.
PTEN is recognized as a prognostic-related biomarker and inhibits proliferation and invasiveness of skull base chordoma cells
Authors: Tian Kaibing , Ma Junpeng , Wang Ke , Li Da , Zhang Junting , Wang Liang , Wu Zhen 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThis work aimed to examine the function of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in skull base chordoma (SBC) at the clinical and cellular levels.MethodsTotally 65 paraffin-embedded and 86 frozen specimens from 96 patients administered surgery were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed, and the associations of PTEN expression with clinical features were assessed. At the cellular level, PTEN was knocked down by the siRNA approach in the UCH-1 cell line, and cell proliferation and invasion were detected by the CCK-8 and migration assays, respectively.ResultsAt the protein level, PTEN expression was increased in non-bone-invasive tumor samples in comparison with bone-invasive specimens (p = 0.025), and elevated in soft SBCs in comparison with hard tumors (p = 0.017). Increased PTEN protein expression was associated with decreased risk of tumor progression (p = 0.002; hazard ratio = 0.981, 95% confidence interval: 0.969–0.993). At the gene expression level, the cut-off value was set at 10.5 after ROC curve analysis, and SBC specimens were divided into two groups: PTEN high group, ΔCt value below 10.5; PTEN low group, ΔCt value above 10.5. In multivariate regression analysis of PFS, the risk of tumor progression was increased in PTEN low group tumors in comparison with PTEN high group SBCs (p = 0.006). In the CCK-8 assay, in comparison with control cells, PTEN knockdown cells had increased absorbance, suggesting elevated cell proliferation rate. In the invasion assay, the number of tumor cells penetrating into the lower chamber was significantly increased in the PTEN knockdown group compared with control cells.ConclusionsDecreased PTEN expression in SBC, at the protein and gene levels, is associated with reduced PFS. PTEN knockdown in chordoma cells led to enhanced proliferation and invasiveness.
Quantitative study of the effects of early standardized ambulation on sleep quality in patients after hepatectomy
Authors: Ni Chun-yan , Hou Guo-jun , Tang Ya-yuan , Wang Jing-jing , Chen Wen-jun , Yang Yuan , Wang Zhi-hong , Zhou Wei-ping 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSleep quality has been always an important problem for patients after hepatectomy. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of early ambulation on sleep quality in patients after liver resection via a quantitative study.MethodsPatients undergoing liver tumor resection were randomly divided into two groups, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the postoperative activities and sleep quality.ResultsPatients who started early ambulation after liver resection had significantly better sleep quality, faster recovery of gastrointestinal function and shorter lengths of postoperative hospital stay compared with the control group. And there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups.ConclusionEarly standardized physical activities are feasible for patients after liver resection, which can significantly improve patient's sleep quality, reduce patient's pain and the nursing workload, and achieve rapid recovery.
Dynamic prediction model of fetal growth restriction based on support vector machine and logistic regression algorithm
Authors: Lian Cuiting , Wang Yan , Bao Xinyu , Yang Lin , Liu Guoli , Hao Dongmei , Zhang Song , Yang Yimin , Li Xuwen , Meng Yu , Zhang Xinyu , Li Ziwei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThis study analyzed the influencing factors of fetal growth restriction (FGR), and selected epidemiological and fetal parameters as risk factors for FGR.ObjectiveTo establish a dynamic prediction model of FGR.MethodsThis study used two methods, support vector machine (SVM) and multivariate logistic regression, to establish the prediction model of FGR at different gestational weeks.ResultsAt 20–24 weeks and 25–29 weeks of gestation, the effect of the multivariate Logistic method on model prediction was better. At 30–34 weeks of gestation, the prediction effect of FGR model using the SVM method is better. The ROC curve area was above 85%.ConclusionsThe dynamic prediction model of FGR based on SVM and logistic regression is helpful to improve the sensitivity of FGR in pregnant women during prenatal screening. The establishment of prediction models at different gestational ages can effectively predict whether the fetus has FGR, and significantly improve the clinical treatment effect.
Case report: Ectopic thyroid tissue found in a liver with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhanbo , Yuan Jing , Li Jie 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundConcomitant intrahepatic ectopic thyroid is rare in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Thyroid follicular structures outside the hepatocellular carcinoma lesions are regarded as satellite nodules or intrahepatic metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma, which often leads to misdiagnosis and overtreatment of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Case presentationWe report the case of an 83-year-old man with moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (2.5 cm) whose liver contained ectopic thyroid tissue. An encapsulated, multinodular grayish-yellow mass and multiple satellite nodules were detected and removed by right hepatic lobectomy. Microscopically, the main tumor displayed a predominant trabecular, cord-like structure. Liver tissue 0.5 cm from the tumor had a benign-appearing follicular thyroid structure. The follicles contained colloid tissue and were lined with low cuboidal cells with scant cytoplasm; lymphatic tissue was also present in the area. The hepatocellular carcinoma cells were positive for hepatocyte antigen and glypican-3 and negative for cytokeratin 19. The follicular thyroid cells expressed thyroglobulin, PAX8, and thyroid transcription factor-1. A metastatic thyroid neoplasm was excluded clinically and by ultrasound and computed tomography. One month after surgery, all of the patient's serological markers were normal; no tumor recurrence or metastasis has been detected for 7 postoperative months.ConclusionsThe finding of ectopic thyroid tissue in the liver of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma is very rare. The possibility of hepatocellular carcinoma forming satellite nodules and intrahepatic metastasis should be ruled out first and immunohistochemistry may be definitive in making the diagnosis. Further examination is needed to exclude thyroid cancer liver metastases.
Clinical observation and risk assessment after splenectomy in hepatolenticular degeneration patients associated with hypersplenism
Authors: Zhang Wanzong , Yu Qingsheng , Peng Hui , Zheng Zhou , Zhou Fuhai 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundBoth hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD) and viral hepatitis B (HBV) can cause hypersplenism, but whether splenectomy is needed or can be performed in HLD patients associated with hypersplenism is still controversial. At present, HLD combined with hypersplenism has not been listed as the indication of splenectomy.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy, risks, and postoperative complications of splenectomy in HLD patients associated with hypersplenism.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 180 HLD patients with hypersplenism who underwent splenectomy in the Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, from January 2001 to December 2015. To evaluate the efficacy of splenectomy, the hemogram of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), platelets (PLT), and the liver function indexes including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin were recorded before surgery and 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after surgery. In addition, the clinical data of 142 HBV patients with hypersplenism who underwent splenectomy over the same period were also recorded and compared with that of HLD patients. In particular, aiming to assess the risks of splenectomy in HLD, we also compared postoperative complications and 36-month mortality between the two groups.ResultThe level of WBC, RBC, and PLT were all elevated after splenectomy in both the HLD group and the HBV group. However, there was no significant difference in the variation of hemogram after splenectomy between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). Similarly, the variation of liver function indexes showed no statistical difference between the two groups. In terms of the incidence of postoperative complications including abdominal bleeding, pancreatic leakage, portal vein thrombosis treatment, incision infection, lung infection, and 36-month mortality, there were no significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionAfter splenectomy, the hemogram as well as liver function in the HLD group improved a lot and showed a consistent tendency with that in the HBV group. Meanwhile, compared to the HBV group, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications in the HLD group. All these results indicate that splenectomy in HLD patients combined with hypersplenism is completely feasible and effective.