bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of synthesized polyaniline nanofibres as corrosion protection film coating on copper substrate by electrophoretic deposition
Authors: Fuseini Mohammed , Zaghloul Moustafa Mahmoud Yousry , Elkady Marwa F. , El-Shazly Ahmed H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this current paper, we report the use of inexpensive, simple electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique in developing polyaniline (PANI) aqueous colloidal suspension coating on copper (Cu) substrate. Polyaniline nanoparticle films were deposited electrophoretically on the surface of copper sheet electrode. A colloidal suspension with high stability was produced by a liquid polyaniline in the presence of formic acid and acetonitrile as electrolyte for the EPD process. The suspension of the PANI was characterized by measuring the zeta potential of the suspension using zeta-sizer analyser. The PANI coating was used as barrier for corrosion protection of the Cu sheet. Operating parameters such as operating time, applied voltage, and the concentration were used with deposition at the cathode. Characterization such as XRD, SEM, FT-IR, and UV–Vis was carried out, and the corrosion protection offered by the PANI on the Cu surface was examined using potentiodynamic (Tafel) polarization in 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. As a result, the optimum parameters for obtaining a homogenous coating on the Cu sheet were attained at the voltage of 15 V and deposition time of 180 s with 50 mg/mL PANI concentration. The attained results indicated inhibition efficiency for PANI deposit of 92.92% indicating protection against corrosion.
Texture evolution in a CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy manufactured by laser powder bed fusion
Authors: He X. Y. , Wang H. , Zhu Z. G. , Wang L. Z. , Liu J. Q. , Haghdadi N. , Nai S. M. L. , Huang J. , Primig S. , Ringer S. P. , Liao X. Z. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) techniques including laser powder bed fusion have been widely used to produce metallic components with microstructures and mechanical properties distinctly different from the conventionally manufactured counterparts. Understanding how AM parameters affect the evolution of microstructure, including texture, of these AM metallic components is critical for appropriate manipulation of their processing and therefore their mechanical properties. Here we conducted a systematic investigation of texture evolution of a face-centred cubic CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy cuboid fabricated using laser powder bed fusion. Our results showed that the texture evolutions along the build direction were different between the corner and central parts of the sample. Detailed analysis suggested that the texture evolution is closely related to local thermal gradient, which is a property that can be manipulated through changing AM parameters. The different textures lead to the significant variations of mechanical properties within the sample.
Swedish managers’ experience-based understanding of the Capacity to work in employees with Common Mental Disorders: a Focus Group Study
Authors: Tengelin Ellinor , Hensing Gunnel , Holmgren Kristina , Ståhl Christian , Bertilsson Monica 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Understanding of the capacity to work among employees with common mental disorders (CMDs) is important, but contemporary knowledge on this issue lacks the managers’ perspective. The aim of this study was to explore and describe managers’ experience-based understanding of capacity to work in employees with CMD.

Methods
A qualitative focus group study was designed. Managers with experience in supporting employees with CMD were recruited via organizations and networks. Eight focus group interviews with 31 participants took place.

Results
The analysis resulted in five categories. (1) Capacity to mentally focus on work tasks decreases or disappears, with negative consequences for work output. (2) Capacity to commit to continuous and coherent task changes, making tasks that span longer periods of time difficult. (3) Capacity to independently adapt to the needs of the situation decreases, and employees need more guidance and instructions than usual. (4) Capacity to keep up professional appearances is reduced, and the employees struggle with the professional role. (5) Ability to interact socially and professionally decreases, which potentially causes conflicts at the workplace.

Conclusions
This study adds managers’ perspective to the increasing knowledge on how capacity to work is influenced by CMDs. Managers understand CMDs in employees as changed, reducing the capacities needed for occupational functioning. A deeper understanding of reduced capacity to work is needed to adapt workplaces, and our findings can facilitate work accommodations for employees with CMDs.
The challenge to use multi-temporal InSAR for landslide early warning
Authors: Schlögl Matthias , Gutjahr Karlheinz , Fuchs Sven 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSatellite radar interferometry is a powerful tool for measuring displacements of the Earth’s surface. However, we recommend to extend the currently prevailing focus on ex-post analyses and monitoring towards ex-ante early warning applications. Underlying challenges and key requirements are discussed.
Challenges and opportunities for using population health data to investigate cancer survivors’ quality of life in Australia
Authors: Ramsey Imogen , Corsini Nadia , Hutchinson Amanda , Marker Julie , Eckert Marion 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is a recognised need for reported national data that inform health policy, health professions, and consumers about the wellbeing of Australians with cancer and other chronic conditions. International initiatives have demonstrated the viability and benefits of utilising population-based cancer registries to monitor the prevalence and trajectory of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes among people with cancer. Establishing a similar level of monitoring in Australia would require timely access to health data collected by publicly funded, population-based cancer registries, and the capacity to link this information across jurisdictions. Combining information from different sources via data linkage is an efficient and cost-effective way to maximise how data are used to inform population health and policy development. However, linking health datasets has historically been highly restricted, resource-intensive, and costly in Australia due to complex and outdated legislative requirements, duplicative approval processes, and differing policy frameworks in each state and territory. This has resulted in significant research waste due to underutilisation of existing data, duplication of research efforts and resources, and data not being translated into decision-making. Recognising these challenges, from 2015 to 2017 the Productivity Commission investigated options for improving data availability and use in Australia, considering factors such as privacy, security, and intellectual property. The inquiry report recommended significant reforms for Australian legislation, including the creation of a data sharing and release structure to improve access to data for research and policy development purposes. This paper discusses (1) opportunities in HRQOL research enabled by data linkage, (2) barriers to data access and use in Australia and the implications for waste in HRQOL research, and (3) proposed legislative reforms for improving data availability and use in Australia.
Disability Considerations for Measuring Poverty in Canada Using the Market Basket Measure
Authors: Scott Craig W. M. , Berrigan Patrick , Kneebone Ronald D. , Zwicker Jennifer D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPersons with disability (PWD) in Canada experience disproportionately high poverty rates. Poverty measures are often used to benchmark income assistance levels and social policies across Canada. The Market Basket Measure (MBM) is the official poverty measure in Canada that accounts for differences in family composition and geography. It does not, however, account for cost-incurring factors like disabilities, despite the evidence of differences in daily living costs. PWD experiencing poverty have additional needs to reduce barriers to full participation in society that can translate to higher basic costs for daily living. Given that poverty measures like the MBM may assess eligibility for income support or eligibility for public housing, these measures need to reflect how the cost of living differs for PWD. To critically analyze disability-specific considerations for the Canadian poverty line, we assess the MBM within the context of persons with disabilities. To identify differences in consumption patterns and family composition for PWD, a population based cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2017 Canadian Survey on Disability. Analysis assessed for bias within the MBM based on the basket contents, family composition and disability severity. PWD experience two times higher poverty rates, worse housing outcomes and incur higher and additional expenses for basic needs of daily living than persons without disability. The MBM underestimates the true poverty rate for persons with disabilities as it does not account for all their additional costs and does not represent their average family composition.
Taming vagueness: the philosophy of network science
Authors: Elek Gábor , Babarczy Eszter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the last 20 years network science has become an independent scientific field. We argue that by building network models network scientists are able to tame the vagueness of propositions about complex systems and networks, that is, to make these propositions precise. This makes it possible to study important vague properties such as modularity, near-decomposability, scale-freeness or being a small world. Using an epistemic model of network science, we systematically analyse the specific nature of network models and the logic behind the taming mechanism.
Self-designation and group allocation
Authors: Craven John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA widely held rights-based view asserts that individuals should be permitted to self-designate characteristics such as race and gender. But some argue that there are opinions that oppose the use only of self-designation, and that these should not be ignored. Kasher and Rubinstein (Logique Anal 160:385–395, 1997) demonstrated that the latter view is equivalent to accepting that one or more of five conditions must be violated. This paper extends their analysis to allow for more than two categories, and focuses on simplifying the conditions without jeopardising their conclusion. In particular, we use significantly weaker conditions of independence and of symmetry than are common in other extensions of the original proposition.
Characteristics and comparisons of acute stroke in “recovered" to “active COVID-19 and “pre-pandemic” in Qatar database
Authors: Akhtar Naveed , Abid Fatma , Singh Rajvir , Kamran Saadat , Imam Yahia , Al Jerdi Salman , Salameh Sarah , Al Attar Rand , Yasir Muhammad , Shabir Hammad , Morgan Deborah , Joseph Sujatha , AlMaslamani Muna , Shuaib Ashfaq 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship of COVID-19 to stroke is important. We compare characteristics of pre-pandemic stroke (PPS), cases in acute COVID infection (CS) and in patients who have recovered from COVID-19 infection (RCS). We interrogated the Qatar stroke database for all stroke admissions between Jan 2020 and Feb 2021 (PPS) to CS and RCS to determine how COVID-19 affected ischemic stroke sub-types, clinical course, and outcomes prior to, during and post-pandemic peak. There were 3264 cases admitted (pre-pandemic: 3111, stroke in COVID-19: 60 and recovered COVID-19 stroke: 93). Patients with CS were significantly younger, had more severe symptoms, fever on presentation, more ICU admissions and poor stroke recovery at discharge when compared to PPS and RCS. Large vessel disease and cardioembolic disease was significantly higher in CS compared to PPS or RCS. There was a significant decline in stroke mimics in CS. Stroke in RCS has characteristics similar to PPS with no evidence of lasting effects of the virus on the short-term. However, CS is a more serious disease and tends to be more severe and have a poor prognosis.
Was „Christ:innen“ in den Augen muslimischer Jugendlicher ausmacht
Authors: Ulfat Fahimah 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie hier skizzierte empirische Forschungsarbeit befasst sich mit der Frage, wie in Deutschland lebende muslimische Jugendliche „Christ:innen“ sozial konstruieren. Dabei liegt das Augenmerk in entscheidender Weise auf den vielschichtigen und dynamischen Zusammenhängen zwischen der Konstruktion des Anderen und der Konstruktion des Selbst. Die Forschungsarbeit ist im Bereich des interreligiösen Lernens verortet. In einer religiös und weltanschaulich zunehmend pluralen Gesellschaft werden Räume für Dialog und Anerkennung über soziale (Selbst‑)Abgrenzungen – auch religiöser Natur – hinweg immer wichtiger. Demzufolge ist die Dringlichkeit interreligiösen Lernens in Politik und Wissenschaft mittlerweile bewusst geworden. Allerdings ist für die erfolgreiche Gestaltung interreligiösen Lernens empirische Forschungen zu religiösen Einstellungen gegenüber religiös Anderen von entscheidender Bedeutung. Das Ziel ist dabei, die Ausgangsbedingungen für interreligiöse Lernprozesse in der Schule zu klären. Allerdings gibt es noch kaum „Untersuchungen zu Vorurteilen gegen Christen, etwa bei Muslimen in Deutschland“ (Schweitzer et al. 2017, S. 45). Dieser Forschungslücke widmet sich der folgende Beitrag, indem das Wissen muslimischer Jugendlicher über „Christ:innen“ in seinem kollektiven Erfahrungszusammenhang rekonstruiert wird.
Treatment Strategies for Central Nervous System Effects in Primary and Secondary Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Children
Authors: Cooray Samantha , Sabanathan Saraswathy , Hacohen Yael , Worth Austen , Eleftheriou Despina , Hemingway Cheryl 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review presents an appraisal of current therapeutic options for the treatment of central nervous system haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (CNS-HLH) in the context of systemic disease, as well as when CNS features occur in isolation. We present the reader with a diagnostic approach to CNS-HLH and commonly used treatment protocols. We discuss and evaluate newer treatments on the horizon.

Recent Findings
Mortality is high in patients who do not undergo HSCT, and while larger studies are required to establish benefit in many treatments, a number of new treatments are currently being evaluated. Alemtuzumab is being used as a first-line treatment for CNS-HLH in a phase I/II multicentre prospective clinical trial as an alternative to traditional HLH-1994 and 2004 protocols. It has also been used successfully as a second-line agent for the treatment of isolated CNS-HLH that is refractory to standard treatment. Ruxolitinib and emapalumab are new immunotherapies that block the Janus kinase—Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway that have shown efficacy in refractory HLH, including for CNS-HLH disease.

Summary
Treatment of CNS-HLH often requires HLH-94 or 2004 protocols followed by haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to maintain remission, although relapse can occur, particularly with reduced intensity conditioning if donor chimerism falls. CNS features have been shown to improve or stabilise following HSCT in CNS-HLH in the context of systemic disease and in isolated CNS-HLH. Encouraging reports of early cohort studies suggest alemtuzumab and the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor ruxolitinib offer potential salvage therapy for relapsed and refractory CNS-HLH. Newer immunotherapies such as tocilizumab and natalizumab have been shown to be beneficial in sporadic cases. CNS-HLH due to primary gene defects may be amenable to gene therapy in the future.
Mother-Newborn Care Unit (MNCU) Experience in India: A Paradigm Shift in Care of Small and Sick Newborns
Authors: Chellani Harish , Arya Sugandha , Mittal Pratima , Bahl Rajiv 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile a Cochrane review (2016) showed that kangaroo mother care (KMC) initiated after clinical stabilization reduces mortality by 40%, evidence of the effect of initiating KMC immediately after birth without waiting for babies to become stable was unavailable until recently. This research gap was addressed by a multicountry, randomized, controlled trial co-ordinated by WHO. This trial was conducted in five hospitals in Ghana, India, Malawi, Nigeria, and Tanzania. Implementation of this trial led to development of the “mother–newborn care unit (MNCU).” Mother–newborn care unit or mother–newborn intensive care unit (M–NICU) is a facility where sick and small newborns are cared with their mothers 24 × 7 with all facilities of level II newborn care and provision for postnatal care to mothers. The mother is not a mere visitor, but she has her bed inside the special newborn care unit (SNCU)/newborn intensive care unit (NICU) and as a resident of MNCU, becomes an active caregiver and is involved in continuum of neonatal care. The study results show that intervention babies in MNCU had 25% less mortality at 28 d of life, 35% less incidence of hypothermia, and 18% less suspected sepsis as compared to control babies cared in conventional NICU. World Health Organization is in the process of reviewing the current recommendations on care of preterm or LBW newborns considering new evidence that has become available. However, it would require national policy change to permit mother and surrogate in SNCU/NICU 24 × 7, making the concept of zero-separation a reality.
Economic and Children’s Subjective Well-Being Indicators at the National Level in 35 Countries
Authors: Casas Ferran , González-Carrasco Mònica , Oriol Xavier , Malo Sara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study uses representative samples of 10- and 12-year-olds from the third wave of the Children’s Words international survey (N = 48,499 10-year-olds from 35 countries, and N= 44,692 12-year-olds from 30 countries) to explore the relationship between four main economic indicators at the country level and a selection of children’s subjective well-being (SWB) indicators. The economic indicators included measures of wealth and wealth inequality, while the SWB indicators included general cognitive and affective indicators of the components of SWB and a selection of satisfaction items with specific life domains or aspects of children’s lives. Separated systematic linear regressions were calculated for each age group—each economic indicator being regressed on each SWB general indicator and on each of the selected satisfaction items. As is the case with previous research, the results do not display significant associations between economic indicators and cognitive SWB when using children’s data at the population level. In contrast, associations were identified between economic and affective indicators, and between the former and the correlation between affective and cognitive SWB at the country level. These results suggest that the affective and cognitive components of children’s SWB display idiosyncratic associations with both wealth and inequality indicators at this level, and that it is very important to analyse SWB components separately. This study also shows that satisfaction with some specific life domains (e.g.: with life as a student, time use or the freedom the child has) may display associations with some economic indicators at the macro level, while satisfaction with other life domains may not, meaning that overall life satisfaction may offer different associations with economic indicators, depending on children’s satisfaction with various life domains in each country. These associations may change with age in some cases. Findings contribute to questioning the hitherto widespread belief that a country’s macro-economic situation has little or no impact on children’s well-being and invite the use of children’s SWB indicators from a quadripartite conception—including overall satisfaction with life and life domains, positive affect and negative affect—to monitor the implementation of public policies aimed at children.
Foundations of well-being in children’s and youth’s everyday lives in Azerbaijan and Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Hunner-Kreisel Christine , Bühler-Niederberger Doris , Sultan Aysel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe contributions in this special section deal with growing up in two post-Soviet states – Azerbaijan and Kyrgyzstan. Each contribution has a different priority on the variety of forces that shape the wellbeing of children and youth as structured in the interaction between the efforts and abilities of their families, the state, as well as social and health policies in both national and cross-national contexts. In this special section, we understand infrastructure as places and institutions for day-care, education, leisure, social and health services. The papers identify barriers that children and young people encounter as they attempt to realize their potential and wishes in a variety of social, educational, and health contexts. These obstacles have something in common: they are rooted in a deficit of public and social infrastructure that is evident in these two states (European Commission, 2011; Sardarova, 2020; OECD, 2018; UNICEF, 2015).
Voice Disorders after Total Thyroidectomy: Prospective Evaluation by Patient Self-Assessment, Indirect Laryngoscopy and Ultrasonography
Authors: Shulutko Alexander M. , Semikov Vasiliy I. , Moiseev Andrey Y. , Osmanov Elkhan G. , Boblak Julia A. , Patalova Alla R. , Mansurova Gaukhar T. , Kazaryan Airazat M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Voice alterations after thyroidectomy with mobile vocal folds are common. Ultrasonography has been used to assess the mobility of the vocal folds after thyroidectomy. Fifty-four patients underwent thyroidectomy. Indirect laryngoscopy, ultrasonography, and GRBAS (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain) scoring were performed preoperatively, 3 days, 2 and 6 months, postoperatively. On the third postoperative day, the mobility of the vocal folds was preserved in 52 patients and pareses were recorded in 2 patients. All patients after thyroidectomy noted the presence of voice alteration in the absence of the postoperative paresis of the vocal folds. On the third postoperative day, the voice was impaired by all criteria of the GRBAS scale, but mainly due to roughness (85%). Sixth month postoperatively, 62% of the subjects considered the voice to be altered. Asthenia was observed in 39%. On the third postoperative day indirect laryngoscopy revealed the unchanged vocal folds, the edema and the shortening of one of the vocal folds in 56%, 42%, and 1.9%. Six months postoperatively, the vocal folds returned to their original form. Indirect laryngoscopy and ultrasonography had 100% concordance in assessing the mobility of the vocal folds. Patients with edema of the vocal folds had a significantly higher mean GRBAS grade than patients without edema. The mean GRBAS score decreased from 3.36 to 0.90, 3 days and 6 months, postoperatively. Voice alteration after thyroidectomy is always present. Postoperative edema represents a likely main cause of voice alteration and resolves within 6 months. Ultrasonography is recommended as alternative to indirect laryngoscopy in assessing of the vocal folds after thyroidectomy.