bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A High‐Voltage Lithium‐Metal Batteries Electrolyte Based on Fully‐Methylated Pivalonitrile
Authors: Li Shaopeng , Fang Shan , Li Zhiwei , Chen Weiyi , Dou Hui , Zhang Xiaogang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNitrile‐based electrolytes with high‐voltage have emerged as attractive candidates for high energy intensive lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs). But they are still hampered by the inherent instability of reductive lithium anodes. Herein, we propose a fully methylated pivalonitrile (PN) as a stable electrolyte solvent for LMBs. This nitrile‐based electrolyte achieves a wide electrochemical window and desired compatibility towards LMB, the assembled Li||Li symmetric cells can achieve satisfying electrochemical performance with low overpotential and high durability (500 h). The uniform and dense Li deposition investigated by operando monitoring during the Li metal plating process reveals the high Coulombic efficiency (CE) and long‐term durability. Furthermore, the full cell coupled with LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 using this optimized electrolyte displays enhanced capacity retention (75.3 % after 300 cycles at 1 C) together with better stability and less CO2 gas production. This study provides new insights in the development of high safety electrolytes and promotes the practical application of high‐voltage lithium‐metal batteries.
Biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer: a practical approach for increasing the biomass digestibility and yield of rice and promoting food and energy security
Authors: Ali Izhar , Adnan Muhammad , Ullah Saif , Zhao Quan , Iqbal Anas , He Liang , Cheng FangWei , Muhammad Ihsan , Ahmad Shakeel , Wei Shangqin , Jiang Ligeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRice is an important food crop that provides abundant biomass residues for biofuels. The use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to increase rice biomass and yield in China has become increasingly common; however, the overuse of N fertilizer can create several environmental hazards and contribute to climate change. Biochar is well known for its ability to reduce N fertilizer amendment requirements without compromising rice yield and biomass. No studies to date have examined the effect of biochar on rice straw cellulose, pentose, and total sugar content under pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. We conducted a two‐season – early (spring) and late (autumn) – field experiment that involved the application of four levels of biochar (0, 10, 20, and 30 t ha−1) and two levels of N (low: 135 kg ha−1; high: 180 kg ha−1) to evaluate rice biomass digestibility, yield, and soil quality during 2019. Compared with sole N fertilizer (i.e., both treatments with 0 t biochar ha−1), biochar application at the rate of 30 t ha−1 combined with 135 kg N ha−1 significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced soil physiochemical properties, including increases in the activity of urease, catalase, and β‐glucosidase by 69%, 25%, and 54%, respectively during both seasons (spring and autumn). Similarly soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were increased in 30 t B ha−1 along with both N rates as compared to sole N treatments. Furthermore, hexoses, pentoses, and total sugars released with NaOH pretreatment were increased by 22%, 10%, and 12.93%, respectively, with 30 t biochar ha −1 plus 135 kg N ha−1 compared with the sole N treatments in both seasons. Moreover, under enzymatic hydrolysis, the hexoses, pentoses, and total sugars released were increased by 36%, 43%, and 39%, respectively, during both seasons. Grain yield, dry matter accumulation, and N production were 28%, 24%, and 19% higher, respectively, with 20 t biochar ha−1 combined with both 135 and 180 kg N ha−1 as compared with sole N applied treatments. There were no significant differences in the yield and biomass digestibility for biochar applied at rates of 20 and 30 t ha−1 along with N rates. Thus, biochar application at 30 t ha−1 with 135 kg N ha−1 was optimal for enhancing the soil fertility, biomass digestibility, and grain yield of rice. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer driven by excited‐state antiaromaticity in metallohexaphyrins
Authors: Kim Jinseok , Kim Hyeonwoo , Oh Juwon , Kim Dongho 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe investigated the effect of excited‐state antiaromaticity on the ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) process of metallohexaphyrins. According to Baird rule, the aromatic metallohexaphyrins in the S0 state become antiaromatic in the S1 state. Because of the metal–ligand redox‐like nature of LMCT process, the LMCT process can release the antiaromatic nature and its energetic destabilization. The metallohexaphyrins show a correlation between the S0‐state aromaticity and time constants for the LMCT process, which well demonstrates that the excited‐state antiaromaticity at the Franck–Condon state acts as a driving force for the LMCT process. These findings elucidate the effect of excited‐state antiaromaticity on the excited‐state behaviors and further provide an insight into the photochemistry of organic molecules.
Once upon a time…: Using fairy tales as a form of vicarious contact to prevent stigma‐based bullying among schoolchildren
Authors: Cocco Veronica Margherita , Bisagno Elisa , Visintin Emilio Paolo , Cadamuro Alessia , Di Bernardo Gian Antonio , Shamloo Soraya Elizabeth , Trifiletti Elena , Molinari Luisa , Vezzali Loris 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe conducted a vicarious contact intervention with the aim of promoting bystanders' intentions to react to stigma‐based bullying among schoolchildren. Participants were Italian primary schoolchildren (N = 117 first to third graders); the outgroup was represented by foreign children. Vicarious contact was operationalized with story reading, creating fairy tales on stigma‐based bullying where minority characters were bullied by majority characters. Once a week for 3 weeks, participants were read fairy tales in small groups by an experimenter and engaged in reinforcing activities. Results revealed that the intervention increased intergroup empathy (but not intergroup perspective‐taking) and anti‐bullying peer norms and fostered contact intentions. The intervention also had indirect effects via intergroup empathy on helping and contact intentions and on bystanders' reactions to stigma based‐bullying. We discuss theoretical and practical implications, also in terms of the relevance of the present results for school policy. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article'sCommunity and Social Impact Statement.
Facile Synthesis and High‐Value Utilization of Ammonia
Authors: Luo Yu , Liang Shijing , Wang Xiuyun , Lin Bingyu , Chen Chongqi , Jiang Lilong 
Published: January 2022

Comprehensive SummaryAmmonia is a key component in fertilizer and the carbon‐free hydrogen carrier. Catalytic ammonia synthesis and utilization have played a central role in the development of chemical engineering. The industrial production of ammonia remains dependent on the energy‐ and carbon‐intensive Haber–Bosch process. A major effort has been devoted to developing robust and efficient catalysts, as well as alternative benign processes. Herein, we detail our endeavors that develop the ammonia synthesis and decomposition catalysts, and utilize the ammonia energy. We firstly discuss the catalysts for ammonia synthesis via dissociative and associative process, and the regulation of catalysts’ properties. Then, we review the burgeoning electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction process, focusing on the enhanced catalytic performances by the regulation of the catalysts and the electrode. Additionally, we provide a novel high‐value utilization of ammonia to achieve the “zero‐carbon” circular economy. The promising catalysts, reactors, and ammonia energy systems have been discussed in detail. We end this Account that offers future research directions and prospects of ammonia.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?Ammonia synthesis catalysts and ammonia energy.How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?I have received my B.S. in 1997. After graduation from college, I have joined Prof. Kemei Wei's group at the National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University. Since 1972, our group has dedicated to the efficient industrial synthesis and high‐value utilization of ammonia. So, I have done much work in this field. I think that the research work should match with the major national demands and global challenges. The researcher should focus on cutting‐edge discoveries and creative work.How do you supervise your students?When the students come in our group, I teach them the norms andstandards of academic research and writing. After that, I would formulate the research project based on their motivations, aspirations, and academic background. If they have any problems during the project, I will help them overcome. We discuss termly on their research methods and evaluate their research results. I also encourage the students to prepare in advance for the next steps in their career or further study.What is the most important personality for scientific research?Research integrity.What are your hobbies? What's your favorite book(s)?I like playing badminton and table tennis. My favorite books are history and industry development plan.How do you keep the balance between research and family?The understanding and support from the family are very important. I have increased my efficiency and productivity, and tried alternative schedules.
Robust features fusion utilization for supervised palmprint recognition
Authors: Ata Mohamed Maher , Elgamily Khaled Mohammed , Mohamed Mohamed A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article proposes robust features fusion methodology for supervised palmprint recognition. The process of features fusion has been formulated according to the hybridization between robust morphological features of principal lines and the following features extractors: principal component analysis (PCA), transformed domain extractors, and invariant moments. The region of interest (ROI) has been extracted based on the identification of the valley points locations. Moreover, both morphological operations and edge detection have been applied in order to formulate the correct ROI. First, both length and slope of each extracted principal line have been estimated morphologically. Second, different features extraction techniques have been applied for the resultant ROI including (PCA), transformed domain, and invariant moments. Finally, seven supervised machine learning methods have been manipulated in order to achieve the highest palmprint recognition accuracy. The accuracy of the recognition was evaluated by measuring sensitivity, dice, precision, Jaccard coefficients, correlation, accuracy, and recognition time. Experimental findings show that, among all tested machine learning methods, the feed forward neural network with back propagation based on features vector of the fusion between invariant moments and principal lines morphology has achieved approximately 99.9% of successful palmprints recognition.
Traffic sign recognition on Indian database using wavelet descriptors and convolutional neural network ensemble
Authors: Sanyal Banhi , Kumar Mohapatra Ramesh , Dash Ratnakar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTraffic sign recognition (TSR) has been a rising and lucrative field for researchers during the last decades. The high improvement of ADAS (autonomic driving autonomous system) has led researchers worldwide to concentrate on the development of TSR systems. As such, a novel automated multiclass TSR system is proposed. The architecture uses wavelet descriptors to extract the high information density and the traffic signs' edges and curves. The LL band image is directly fed into the classifier to avoid normalization. Three classifiers, CNN, CNN ensemble, and LSTM, are deployed for recognition. The architecture is implemented on IRSDBv1.0, the first available Indian traffic sign database. The architecture is also implemented on the standard traffic sign database GTSRB to investigate its effectiveness. An efficiency of 71.57% and 96.76% are recorded on IRSDBv1.0, and GTSRB, respectively. A list of comparative results is also provided to prove the competence of the architecture. The reasons behind the difference in the achieved accuracy are also discussed.
Implant‐supported removable partial dentures compared to conventional dentures: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of quality of life, patient satisfaction, and biomechanical complications
Authors: Bandiaky Octave N. , Lokossou Dohoue L. , Soueidan Assem , Le Bars Pierre , Gueye Moctar , Mbodj Elhadj B. , Le Guéhennec Laurent 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to compare implant‐supported removable partial dentures (ISRPDs) with distal extension removable partial dentures (DERPDs) in terms of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs: patients' quality of life and satisfaction) and to determine mechanical and biological complications associated with ISRPDs.Material and MethodsAn electronic search was performed on four databases to identify studies treating Kennedy class I or II edentulous patients and which compared ISRPDs with DERPDs in terms of PROMS and studies, which evaluated mechanical and biological complications associated ISRPDs. Two authors independently extracted data on quality of life, patient satisfaction, and biomechanical complications from these studies. The risk of bias was assessed for each study, and for PROMs, the authors performed a meta‐analysis by using a random‐effects model.ResultsThirteen articles were included based on the selection criteria. The difference in mean scores for quality of life (30.5 ± 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 24.9–36.1) and patient satisfaction (−20.8 ± 0.2; 95% CI, −23.7 to −17.8) between treatments with conventional and implant‐supported removable dentures was statistically significant (p < .05). Implant‐supported removable dentures improved patients' overall quality of life and satisfaction. Some mechanical and biological complications, such as clasp adjustment, abutment or implant loosening, marginal bone resorption, and peri‐implant mucositis, were noted in ISRPDs during patient follow‐up. Studies assessing PROMs were very heterogeneous (I2 = 65%, p = .85; I2 = 75%, p = .88).ConclusionsISRPDs significantly improved quality of life and patient satisfaction. Some mechanical and biological complications have been associated with ISRPDs treatment, requiring regular monitoring of patients to avoid the occurrence of these complications.
Quantified mitral regurgitation and left atrial function in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: interplay and outcome implications
Authors: Malagoli Alessandro , Rossi Luca , Zanni Alessia , Sticozzi Concetta , Piepoli Massimo F. , Benfari Giovanni 
Published: January 2022

AimsThe clinical and prognostic importance of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has been highly debated. This study aims to define FMR linkage to cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and the interplay with left atrial (LA) function in a prospective cohort of consecutive HFrEF outpatients.Methods and resultsOverall, 286 consecutive outpatients with chronic HFrEF were prospectively enrolled. FMR was quantified by effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA). Global peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) was measured by speckle tracking echocardiography. The primary endpoint was a composite of congestive heart failure hospitalization or CV death. During a mean follow‐up of 4.1 ± 1.5 years, the primary endpoint occurred in 99 patients (35%). The spline modelling of the risk by FMR severity showed an excess event risk starting at about the EROA value of 0.1 cm2. There was a remarkable graded association between the EROA strata, even if tested per 0.1 cm2 increase, and the risk of CV events (hazard ratio [HR] EROA per 0.10 cm2 increase: 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–1.68; p < 0.0001). EROA ≥0.30 cm2 was associated with CV events regardless of LA function (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.29–4.19; p = 0.005). Less severe FMR (EROA ≥0.10 cm2) was associated with a dismal outcome only in patients with reduced LA function (PALS <14%) (5‐year CV event rate 51 ± 4%); conversely, the risk of events was relative reduced when preserved global PALS and FMR coexisted (5‐year CV event rate 38 ± 6%).ConclusionsOur results refine the independent association between FMR and CV outcome among HFrEF outpatients. Within a moderate EROA range, LA function mitigates the clinical consequences of mitral regurgitation, providing measurable proof of the interplay between regurgitation and LA compliance.
Numerical study of dielectrophoresis‐modified inertial migration for overlapping sized cell separation
Authors: Khan Mohammed , Chen Xiaolin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) have been proven to have significant prognostic, diagnostic, and clinical values in early‐stage cancer detection and treatment. The efficient separation of CTCs from peripheral blood can ensure intact and viable CTCs and can, thus, give proper genetic characterization and drug innovation. In this study, continuous and high‐throughput separation of MDA‐231 CTCs from overlapping sized white blood cells (WBCs) is achieved by modifying inertial cell focusing with dielectrophoresis (DEP) in a single‐stage microfluidic platform by numeric simulation. The DEP is enabled by embedding interdigitated electrodes with alternating field control on a serpentine microchannel to avoid creating two‐stage separation. Rather than using the electrokinetic migration of cells which slows down the throughput, the system leverages the inertial microfluidic flow to achieve high‐speed continuous separation. The cell migration and cell positioning characteristics are quantified through coupled physics analyses to evaluate the effects of the applied voltages and Reynolds numbers (Re) on the separation performance. The results indicate that the introduction of DEP successfully migrates WBCs away from CTCs and that separation of MDA‐231 CTCs from similar sized WBCs at a high Re of 100 can be achieved with a low voltage of magnitude 4 ×106 V/m. Additionally, the viability of MDA‐231 CTCs is expected to be sustained after separation due to the short‐term DEP exposure. The developed technique could be exploited to design active microchips for high‐throughput separation of mixed cell beads despite their significant size overlap, using DEP‐modified inertial focusing controlled simply by adjusting the applied external field.
High‐performance hole‐selective V2OX/SiOX/NiOX contact for crystalline silicon solar cells
Authors: Du Guanlin , Li Le , Zhu Haiyin , Lu Linfeng , Zhou Xi , Gu Zeyu , Zhang Shan‐Ting , Yang Xinbo , Wang Jilei , Yang Liyou , Chen Xiaoyuan , Li Dongdong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHigh work function vanadium oxide (V2OX, X < 5) is expected to induce strong upward band bending at crystalline silicon (c‐Si) surface thus selectively collect photogenerated hole‐carriers. However, the performance of c‐Si solar cells employing V2OX‐based hole‐selective contacts is still under expectation. Herein, we improve the hole‐selectivity of V2OX in combination with NiOX. The innovative V2OX/NiOX stack shows reduced contact resistivity but deteriorated minority carrier lifetime due to undesired interfacial reaction between V2OX and NiOX. Inserting an ultrathin SiOX interlayer suppresses the reaction and preserves the high work function of V2OX. A remarkable power conversion efficiency of 22.03% (fill factor of 83.07%) was achieved on p‐type c‐Si solar cells featuring a full‐area V2OX/SiOX/NiOX rear contact, which is so far the highest value reported for V2OX‐based selective contacts. Our work highlights the significance of implementing p‐type transition‐metal‐oxides to boost the selectivity of V2OX and the like.image
Distributional modeling and forecasting of natural gas prices
Authors: Berrisch Jonathan , Ziel Florian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe examine the problem of modeling and forecasting European day‐ahead and month‐ahead natural gas prices. For this, we propose two distinct probabilistic models that can be utilized in risk and portfolio management. We use daily pricing data ranging from 2011 to 2020. Extensive descriptive data analysis shows that both time series feature heavy tails and conditional heteroscedasticity and show asymmetric behavior in their differences. We propose state‐space time series models under skewed, heavy‐tailed distributions to capture all stylized facts of the data. They include the impact of autocorrelation, seasonality, risk premia, temperature, storage levels, the price of European Emission Allowances, and related fuel prices of oil, coal, and electricity. We provide rigorous model diagnostics and interpret all model components in detail. Additionally, we conduct a probabilistic forecasting study with significance tests and compare the predictive performance against literature benchmarks. The proposed day‐ahead (month‐ahead) model leads to a 13% (9%) reduction in out‐of‐sample continuous ranked probability score (CRPS) compared with the best performing benchmark model, mainly due to adequate modeling of the volatility and heavy tails.
Active control of compressible channel flow up to Mab=3 using direct numerical simulations with spanwise velocity modulation at the walls
Authors: Ruby Marius , Foysi Holger 
Published: January 2022

AbstractActive turbulence control has been pursued continuously for the last decades, striving for an altered, energetically more favorable flow. In this article, our focus is on a promising method inducing a spanwise wall movement in order to reduce turbulence intensity and hence friction drag, investigated by means of direct numerical simulation. This approach transforms a previously time dependent oscillatory wall motion into a static spatial modulation with prescribed wavelength in the streamwise direction [48]. Most procedures related to turbulence control including the present one have been overwhelmingly applied to incompressible flow. This work is different and novel to the effect, that this control method is applied to compressible, supersonic channel flow up to a bulk Mach number of . Due to substantial variations of viscosity, density, and temperature within the near‐wall region in supersonic flow, the impact of the control method is altered compared to solenoidal flow conditions. By creating a data set of different Mach‐/Reynolds numbers and control parameters, knowledge is gained in which way the effectiveness of oscillatory techniques and physical mechanisms change under the influence of compressibility. It is shown that the control method is able to effectively reduce turbulence levels and lead to large drag reduction levels in compressible supersonic flow. Variable property effects even enhance this behavior for the whole set of investigated parameters. Overall, the higher Mach number cases show a larger net power saving compared to the incompressible ones. Furthermore, we observe an increase of the optimum wavelength with increasing Mach number, which helps in guiding optimal implementations of such a control method.