bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profil Sitologi Efusi Pleura di RSUD Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Ismida Fitri Dewi , Yanti Budi , Husna Cut Asmaul , Badiri Istanul , Kamarlis Reno Keumalazia 
Published: June 2022

Efusi pleura merupakan problem diagnosticutama pada kelainanparukarena pleura merupakansuaturongga yang melapisiparutanpaadaaksesapapun. Analisissitologiefusi pleura seringkalidigunakansebagailinipertamapenapisandalampenegakan diagnosis dan tindakanpenatalaksananlebihlanjut. Pemeriksaansitologiefusi pleura sangatpentingkarenadapatmemberikaninformasiinflamasi, keganasan dan metastasis.Penelitianinimenggunakanmetodedeskriptif, mengamatiseluruhbahanefusi pleura yang dilakukananalisissitologiselamaperiodeduatahun dan diperoleh 697 kasusefusi pleura di laboratoriumPatologiAnatomiRumahSakitZainoelAbidin, Banda Aceh. Hasil pemeriksaansitologi 697 bahanefusi pleura ditemukan paling banyakmenunjukkan diagnosis klinistidakdapatdisimpulkan 344 efusi pleura dan diagnosis klinisbukansuatu proses keganasan 294 (total 91,52%), diantaranya paling banyakmenunjukkansuatuperadangankronisdengansebaransellimfosit yang dominanyaitu 124 (41.5%). Dan dari 59 bahanefusi pleura denganjeniskeganasanmenunjukkanbahwa paling banyakditemukan adenocarsinomayaitu 29 (49,1%) dan terdapat 22 (37,3%) bahanefusi pleura denganjeniskeganasan primer yaituSquamousCellCarsinoma. Sitologiefusi pleura merupakanmodalitasdiagnosticmudah dan sederhana yang sangatmembantudalammenegakkan diagnosis efusi pleura dan berperandalammelakukaneksplorasietiologi dan prognosis penyakit. Oleh karenaitu, semuakelainanefusi pleura yang belumterdiagnosissebaiknyadilakukanpemeriksaansitologiuntuk diagnosis awal dan manajemenpasienselanjutnya.
Data Description and Epigraphy of Tin Plate Inscriptions in the Southern Sumatra
Authors: Andhifani Wahyu Rizky 
Published: June 2022

Sepanjang Kawasan pesisir Timur Sumatera Bagian Selatan mulai dari Jambi hingga ke Sumatera Selatan merupakan daerah lahan basah yang mengandung berbagai peninggalan masa lalu. Peninggalan tersebut berupa bekas perahu, manik-manik, tembikar, terakota, dan bahkan prasasti logam baik itu berbahan timah maupun tembaga. Prasasti berbahan timah merupakan data artefaktual yang relatif banyak ditemukan. Sejumlah prasasti berbahan timah di kawasan tersebut merupakan data yang penting untuk dikaji menggunakan metode Epigrafi. Metode ini meliputi deskripsi dimensi bentuk, unsur bahan penyusun, analisis tekstual isi prasasti, dan penafsirannya. Media tulis pada timah menjadi hal yang lazim ketika bahan baku batu atau jenis logam lain tidak banyak tersedia di wilayah tersebut. Timah yang digunakan kemungkinan berasal dari daerah Timur, yaitu daerah Pulau Bangka, Pulau Belitung, Pulau Singkep, dan lainnya. Berdasarkan analisis X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), tercatat timah yang digunakan merupakan jenis timah putih murni dengan kode Sn dan hanya sedikit mengandung timah hitam Pb. Aksara yang digunakan dalam sejumlah data prasasti timah tersebut yaitu aksara yang diidentifikasikan sebagai aksara Sumatra Kuno, aksara Ulu/Ka-Ga-Nga, aksara Jawi, dan aksara Arab. Berdasarkan hasil kajian epigrafi, isi yang terkandung dalam prasasti-prasasti timah tersebut Sebagian besar merupakan teks mantra-mantra. Teks mantra diperkirakan diberikan oleh seorang dukun atau orang pintar dalam bidang ilmu gaib dengan tujuan keselamatan saat berada di dalam daerahnya sendiri maupun di luar daerah mereka.
Along the Eastern coast of Southern Sumatra, from Jambi to South Sumatra is a wetland area that contains various relics from the past. Relics from the past include boat wrecks, beads, pottery, terracotta, and metal plate inscriptions made of tin and copper. Tin plate inscriptions are relatively common artifactual data found. Several tin plate inscriptions in the area are essential data to be studied using the Epigraphic method. This method includes a description of the form dimensions, the elements of the constituent materials, textual analysis of the contents of the inscription, and interpretation. Tin-based writing material became familiar when the raw materials for stone or other metals were not widely available in the area. From the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis, it is known that the tin used was pure white tin with the code Sn and only a small amount of Pb or lead. The tin material used may have come from the East, i.e., Bangka Island, Belitung Island, Singkep Island, and others. Based on the epigraphic study, the contents of the tin plate inscriptions are mostly texts of spells. A shaman has likely written the spell text for salvation purposes. The scripts used in the tin plate inscription data were identified as Old Sumatran, Ulu/Ka-Ga-Nga, Jawi, and Arabic.
Identification And Detection Of Proteolytic Activity Of Endophite Bacterial Isolated From Avicennia Marina Leaves In Mempawah Mangrove Center
Authors: Fani Evi Fania 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in healthy plant tissue without damaging the plant tissue itself. This study aims to determine the morphological and physiological characteristics, as well as to determine the proteolytic activity of the genus of endophytic bacteria found in Avicennia marina leaves. The research was conducted through the stages of bacterial isolation, morphological characterization, physiological test which includes biochemical factor test and proteolytic activity test, as well as identification. The method used is a systematic sampling method and the data collected were analyzed descriptively. The characteristics of endophytic bacteria obtained have morphological characteristic with rounded colony shapes, flat and wavy edgs, convex elevation, white to yellow colony color, gram positive and negative with cocci and bacillary cell shapes. Physiological tests on the salinity, pH and temperature tests of all isolates produced a positive reaction. The results obtained 6 isolates of endophytic bacteria from Avicennia marina leaves which have similarities with members of the genus Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Micrococcus. The isolates obtained did not have proteolytic activity.
Karakteristik Morfologi dan Anatomi Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) yang Tumbuh pada Ketinggian Berbeda
Authors: Farhanandi Bisma Wahyu , Indah Novita Kartika 
Published: June 2022

Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) atau dikenal sebagai cokelat merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan Indonesia yang memiliki keragaman tinggi. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kakao diperlukan kultivar unggulan yang sesuai lingkungannya sehingga diperlukan kajian karakter morfologi dan anatomi. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui kultivar unggul ditinjau dari karakter morfologi, ekologi, dan anatomi dan mengetahui keterkaitan antara karakteristik morfologi dan anatomi tanaman Kakao yang tumbuh pada ketinggian berbeda. Penelitian deskriptif eksploratif ini dilakukan di Madiun dan Blitar. Sampel diambil secara purposive sampling sebanyak 18 individu tanaman pada tiga kultivar kakao di Madiun dan Blitar. Karakter morfologi sebanyak 120 karakter morfologi dan dianalisis dengan Principal Component Analysis untuk menentukan karakter penanda. Karakter ekologi yang digunakan adalah ketinggian tempat, suhu, kelembaban, dan pH serta karakter anatomi diamati menggunakan preparat whole mount daun agar dapat menghitung kerapatan dan indeks stomata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketinggian tempat menyebabkan perbedaan morfologi dan anatomi daun kakao sedangkan kualitas biji disebabkan oleh faktor naungan. Perbedaan ketinggian tempat berdampak pada karakter morfologi yang bervariasi terutama pada karakter daun, bunga, buah, dan biji, sedangkan anatomi daun berbeda pada kerapatan stomata dan indeks stomata. Tanaman kakao yang ternaungi akan memiliki indeks stomata lebih tinggi dan menghasilkan biji lebih banyak dan berkualitas.
Biochemical composition of some catfishes from a coastal river of Bangladesh in relation to a biometric indicator
Authors: Ullah Md. Rahamat , Roy Nitai , Chakma Suprakash , Rahman Md. Arifur 
Published: June 2022

The proximate contents (protein, lipid, ash, and moisture) of three catfish species (Pangasius pangasius, Clupisoma garua, and Silonia silondia) were investigated from a coastal river of Bangladesh. The proximate composition was determined using the AOAC (1990) standard procedure. The average length and weight of the fish samples used in the experiment were 21.50 ± 1.61 cm and 65.55 ± 13.12 g; 19.67 ± 0.21 cm and 50.74 ± 3.13 g; 18.2 ± 1.21 cm and 43.40 ± 10.42 g for P. pangasius, C. garua, and S. silondia, respectively. The P. pangasius, C. garua, and S. silondia were rich protein sources, with 20.19%, 18.86%, and 15.24%, respectively. On the other hand, the lipid and ash contents were ranged between 2.11% to 3.07% and 0.52% to 2.28% respectively. The present study disclused water as the most abundant element in fish bodies ranging from 75.05% (P. pangasius) to 79.60% (S. silondia). In log-transformed data, the weight of the fish body had a very significant positive relationship with most of the studied body constituents. In all three fish species, total length in log-transformed data and Fulton's condition factor showed a highly significant positive relationship with most of the studied body constituents. These findings suggest that biological differences like length and weight across species can influence the fishes biochemical composition that should be established.
PREVALÊNCIA DE SOBREPESO E OBESIDADE: UM ESTUDO COM ADOLESCENTES DE UMA ESCOLA RURAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE MANACAPURU, AM
Authors: Furtado João Messias da Silva 
Published: June 2022

Este artigo contempla os resultados da pesquisa de Mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ci ncias da Educação da Universidad de la Integración de lasAméricas.Objetivamos investigar a prevalência de excesso de peso em escolares na faixa etária de 13 a18 anos, matriculados no 9ºano do Ensino Fundamental e nos 1.º, 2.ºe 3.º anos do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública do município de Manacapuru/AM. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base populacional,com cunho quantitativo e qualitativo, observacional de prevalência. Constatamos que 22,73% dos adolescentes estão acima do peso, os quais, somados aos9,09% com características de obesidade, já apresentam um quadro significativo que requer um acompanhamento mais minucioso do IMC com vistas a preservar a saúde física e mental desses jovens.
Adesp. fr. 637 Kannicht-Snell: Ifigenia?
Authors: Boschi Alessandro 
Published: June 2022

Even today there is a margin of uncertainty regarding the subject of adesp. fr. 637 Kannicht-Snell, upon which I have thrown more light through the philological analysis conducted in the present contribution. After showing that it is more prudent to attribute these verses to an unidentified Iphigenia, I have reflected upon the tragic evidence of Iphigenia’s myth, in order to search for the authorship of adesp. fr. 637 Kannicht-Snell.
Synthesis of aluminum-magnesian ceramics MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in thermal plasma environment
Authors: Shekhovtsov V. V. , Skripnikova N. K. , Ulmasov A. B. 
Published: June 2022

A search for new methods for the synthesis of magnesium-aluminum ceramics is currently an urgent task for the refractory, metallurgical, and optical industries. The paper presents the experimental results of the magnesium-aluminum spinel MgAl2O3 synthesis in the thermal plasma. The samples are synthesized from natural materials such as magnesite MgCO3 and boehmite γ-AlO(OH) in the stoichiometric ratio Al2O3/MgO = 2.53. It is shown that the optimum conditions for the ceramic sample synthesis include 100 A current strength, 90 V voltage, 1 g/s gas rate, 30 s melting time. In these conditions, the formation of a hemispherical melt drop is observed, which confirms a complete melting of the initial components. The density of the crystallized sample is 3.5 g/cm3. The synthesized ceramic matrix is characterized by a high concentration of the stoichiometric phase MgAl2O4. At the same time, for 2θ = 29.4° and 30.8°, the reflection splits, thereby indicating to the nonstoichiometric spinel (Mg, Al)Al2O4 of variable composition. The ceramic matrix morphology represents prismatic grains 30–60 µm in size connected by fibers with a diameter of 1–3 µm.
Anti-inflammatory effects of anthraquinones of Polygonum multiflorum roots
Authors: Mariyah Ulfa Siti , Shirako Saki , Sato Mariko , Rizqi Dwijayanti Dinia , Okuyama Tetsuya , Horie Seiji , Watanabe Jun , Ikeya Yukinobu , Nishizawa Mikio 
Published: June 2022

Background: The roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunberg (Polygonaceae) are a crude drug known as Kashu and are thought to improve blood deficiency as a Kampo concept. Kashu is added to Kampo formulas, including Tokiinshi, which is used to treat eczema and dermatitis with itchiness by facilitating blood circulation in the skin. Although anti- inflammatory effects were expected, the reports on anti-inflammatory constituents of Polygonum roots are very few. Objective: To purify pharmacologically active constituents from Polygonum roots and compare their anti- inflammatory potency using hepatocytes. Methods: Polygonum roots were extracted and fractionated based on hydrophobicity to three fractions, the ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-soluble, n-butanol-soluble, and water-soluble fractions. Constituents were purified from the EtOAc- soluble fraction, and its contents were measured using liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The interleukin (IL)-1β-induced production of nitric oxide (NO), a proinflammatory mediator, in rat hepatocytes was monitored to assess anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The EtOAc-soluble fraction inhibited IL-1β-induced NO production, whereas the other fractions did not. Six constituents were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction and identified as (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β- D-glucoside, emodin, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, physcion, physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and catechin. Emodin and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside significantly inhibited NO production in hepatocytes, and the others showed less potency in suppressing NO production. These two anthraquinones decreased the protein and mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase, as well as the mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor α. In a search of the literature to date, the comparison of pharmacological activity of the constituents of Polygonum roots was not reported.Conclusion: These results suggest that hydrophobic constituents in the EtOAc-soluble fraction, especially anthraquinones, may exert the anti-inflammatory effects by treatment with Polygonum roots.Keywords: anthraquinone, nitric oxide, inflammation, Kampo medicine, LC–MS/MS.
Variation of Platelet Indices in Sepsis
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Sharma Kavita , Kumar Vanita 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Almost every organ can be affected in the case of sepsis. In fact, the hemostatic system has also been known to be adversely affected in case of sepsis. Platelet indices are cheap and readily accessible, laboratory parameters that can be used to assess the severity of sepsis.
Aims and objectives- This study was aimed at comparing the parameters of platelet indices in patients with fever and sepsis leading to multiorgan dysfunction.
Materials and methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in our pathology department in patients admitted with sepsis in the medicine in-patient department over 1 year. Inclusion criteria were patients with sepsis. Two ml of blood was withdrawn from the antecubital vein of the cases and samples were collected in an EDTA vial, which was kept at room temperature on day 1 and day 7 of admission. The complete hemogram reports were analyzed. The collected data was recorded on a prestructured proforma.
Results: This study included 100 serially recruited patients having sepsis. The mean age of cases was 48.3 ± 16.3 years. While 63% of cases were male, 37% were females. The rise of PDW from day 1 to day 7 was statistically insignificant (p value= 0.24). However, the plateletcrit (PCT) fell significantly from day 1 to day 7 (p value=0.02). In our study, there were 76% survivors and 24% non-survivors. Platelet volume (MPV) rose significantly (p value=0.01), and TC fell significantly (p value<0.0001). Similarly, the platelet count also fell significantly (p value<0.05).
Conclusion: Platelet indices, especially MPV, PDW, and platelet count are reliable indicators of sepsis prognosis.
The relationship between Education area, Architecture and Environment
Authors: Baysen Engin 
Published: June 2022

Human needs to be protected from nature and shelter in natural space conditions. Therefore, people need an environment to sustain their lives. Environment; It is divided into two as natural and artificial. The natural environment is the environment in which people and other creatures maintain their relationships and interact with each other. What is done by people who do not form spontaneously is called Artificial Environment. An art branch that designs civil structures to meet people's housing needs is called architecture. But not every design is architecture. In order for a building to be accepted as an architectural product, it is essential to apply the mathematical symmetry called golden ratio throughout the building. The aim of this research is to find the effects of environmental arrangements on the aesthetic, emotional and behavioral outputs of individuals in educational spaces. The importance of this aim is to find the relationship between environment, architecture and education. As a result of the survey conducted in the findings, which locations are liked most are presented in the data analysis. The questionnaire was asked 5 different photographs of the participants in 3 different question titles. As a result of the percentages taken, the participants mostly chose places that are intertwined with nature.
Keywords: Education, environment, architecture, nature.
Leashing the Dogs of Cyber War
Authors: Jančárková Taťána 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
States have increasingly been engaged in the development of cyber capabilities which can act across the full spectrum of effects. The structures competent to deliver these effects are usually institutionally tied to armed forces or intelligence services, or represent a mixture of the two. Both types of organizations are typically subject to strict oversight and control mechanisms due to the nature of their activities and their potential to impact on the constitutional foundations of a democratic state. Yet, there is limited research available on the respective national frameworks governing offensive cyber capabilities, and similarly little information on the applicable control mechanisms. This article provides an overview of the areas of oversight, explores the challenges related to cyber capabilities, and offers possible avenues for future research.
Learning from Experience: Old Lessons for a New Battlefield
Authors: Pizarro Ignacio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The implementation of the cyberspace domain and capabilities into multi-domain operations has been plagued with difficulties, many of which come from a misperception of the nature of this domain as a technical field, detached from the usual understanding of combat operations. This has made leaders wary of addressing this domain, which has caused a delay in the adaptation of our military thinking to this new environment. In the article, we seek to point out the shortcomings and possible reasons for this delayed approach, and highlight areas in which established military knowledge, existing doctrine and even ancient principles can be used to meet the challenge of bringing cyber capabilities to their full potential in military operations.
Development of an Efficient, High Purity Continuous Flow Synthesis of Diazepam
Authors: Nicholas Robert J. , McGuire Michael A. , Hyun Seok-Hee , Cullison Madeline N. , Thompson David H. 
Published: June 2022

In an effort to strengthen the resiliency of supply chains for active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), continuous manufacturing processes may be optimized with respect to improved chemoselectivity, production rate, yield, and/or process intensity. We report an efficient two-step continuous flow synthesis of diazepam, an agent on the World Health Organization’s (WHO) list of essential medicines. Different conditions were rapidly screened in microfluidic chip reactors by varying residence times, temperatures, solvents, and ammonia sources to identify the best telescoped reaction conditions. We report a telescoped flow synthesis that uses two microreactors in series set to 0°C and 60°C, respectively, to produce a 96% yield of 91% pure diazepam within 15 min using an NH4Br/NH4OH solution in the second step. Diazepam of &gt;98% purity was obtained after a single recrystallization.
Digital Inequalities in Cancer Care Delivery in India: An Overview of the Current Landscape and Recommendations for Large-Scale Adoption
Authors: Venkataramanan Ramachandran , Pradhan Akash , Kumar Abhishek , Purushotham Arnie , Alajlani Mohannad , Arvanitis Theodoros N. 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 pandemic has caused major disruptions to delivery of various cancer care services as efforts were put to control the outbreak of the pandemic. Although the pandemic has highlighted the inadequacies of the system but has also led to emergence of a new cancer care delivery model which relies heavily on digital mediums. Digital health is not only restricted to virtual dissemination of information and consultation but has provided additional benefits ranging from support to cancer screening, early and more accurate diagnosis to increasing access to specialized care. This paper evaluates the challenges in the adoption of digital technologies to deliver cancer care services and provides recommendation for large-scale adoption in the Indian healthcare context.MethodsWe performed a search of PubMed and Google Scholar for numerous terms related to adoption of digital health technologies for cancer care during pandemic. We also analyze various socio-ecological challenges—from individual to community, provider and systematic level—for digital adoption of cancer care service which have existed prior to pandemic and lead to digital inequalities.ResultsDespite encouraging benefits accruing from the adoption of digital health key challenges remain for large scale adoption. With respect to user the socio-economic characteristics such as age, literacy and socio-cultural norms are the major barriers. The key challenges faced by providers include regulatory issues, data security and the inconvenience associated with transition to a new system.Policy SummaryFor equitable digital healthcare, the need is to have a participatory approach of all stakeholders and urgently addressing the digital divide adequately. Sharing of health data of public and private hospitals, within the framework of the Indian regulations and Data Protection Act, is critical to the development of digital health in India and it can go a long way in better forecasting and managing cancer burden.