bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of Jiu-Wei-Xi-Feng granules for treating tic disorders in children: study protocol for a randomized controlled equivalence trial
Authors: Guo Sheng-xuan , Li Rui-ben , Hu Si-yuan , Cai Qiu-han , Zhong Cheng-liang , Hao Rui-min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Tic disorders (TD) is a neuropsychiatric disease with twitch as the main manifestation in childhood. Jiu-Wei-Xi-Feng granules has been marketed in China for treating children with TD. As Long Gu (Os Draconis) in the composition of this Chinese patent medicine is a rare and expensive medicinal material protected by the Chinese government, therefore, we consider replacing it with Mu Li (Concha Ostreae) that has the same effect and is cheaper. This study is designed to evaluate the clinical equivalence between Jiu-Wei-Xi-Feng granules (Os Draconis replaced by Concha Ostreae) (JWXFD) and Jiu-Wei-Xi-Feng granules (original formula) (JWXFO) in children with TD (consumption of renal yin and liver wind stirring up internally syndrome).

Methods/design
This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, equivalence trial comparing the efficacy and safety of JWXFD and JWXFO in treating Children with tic disorders (consumption of renal yin and liver wind stirring up internally syndrome). A total of 288 patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to two groups in a 1:1 ratio. The treatment course is 6 weeks, with a 2 weeks follow-up. The primary outcome is the mean change value from baseline to 6th week by the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale total tic score (YGTSS-TTS). Secondary outcomes include total effective rate of tic, Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) scores and its factor scores (the degree of motor tics, phonic tics and social function damage), Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale, and TCM syndrome efficacy.

Discussion
The design of this study refers to a large number of similar research design points, and asked for opinions of peer experts, and finally reached a consensus. This trial will provide high-quality evidence on the clinical equivalence between JWXFD and JWXFO and provide a basis for the marketing of JWXFD.

Trial registration
ChiCTR2000032312
Registered on 25 April 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=52630
The use of 3D ceramic block graft compared with autogenous block graft for rehabilitation of the atrophic maxilla: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: de Almeida Malzoni Carolina Mendonça , Gonçalves Victor , Possari Juliana , Junior Elcio Marcantonio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Dental implant placement may require a bone graft for vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation. Due to its osteoconduction, osteoinductive, and osteogenesis, autogenous bone graft characteristics are considered the standard gold treatment. However, autografts can promote postoperative morbidity and implicate difficulties concerning the graft adaptation to the recipient's bone since it can eventually avoid gaps. To overcome these issues, this trial will compare the performance of Plenum® Oss 3Dβ fit, an alloplastic graft, and a 3D-printed patient-specific graft based on β-tricalcium phosphate to the autograft procedure.

Methods
This is a split-mouth randomized clinical study designed to evaluate the performance of personalized (patient-specific) bioceramic bone grafts (Plenum® Oss 3Dβ fit) for bone augmentation of the atrophic anterior maxilla in comparison to the autogenous bone graft. We hypothesize that the gain and maintenance of the grafted area volume and the quality of the newly formed bone tissue after eight months postoperative with the synthetic patient-specific graft will be superior to the autogenous bone graft. To assess the quantity and the quality of bone neoformation, volumetric and histological analyses will be performed.

Discussion
The fabrication of medical devices by additive manufacturing presents advantages over conventional manufacturing processes, mostly related to the precision of geometry and anatomy. Additionally, the osteoconductive proprieties of β-tricalcium phosphate enable this synthetic bone substitute as an alternative solution over autogenous graft for bone defect reconstruction. Thus, patient-specific bone grafts can potentially improve patient satisfaction, reducing the need for autogenous bone grafts, consequently avoiding implications related to this type of treatment, such as patient morbidity.

Trial registration
This study is registered in REBEC (Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos): RBR-76wmm3q; UTN: U1111-1272-7773. Registration date: 14 September 2021.
Ecological drivers of dog heartworm transmission in California
Authors: Couper Lisa I. , Mordecai Erin A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Effectively controlling heartworm disease—a major parasitic disease threatening animal health in the US and globally—requires understanding the local ecology of mosquito vectors involved in transmission. However, the key vector species in a given region are often unknown and challenging to identify. Here we investigate (i) the key vector species associated with transmission of the parasite, Dirofilaria immitis, in California and (ii) the climate and land cover drivers of vector presence.

Methods
To identify key mosquito vectors involved in transmission, we incorporated long-term, finely resolved mosquito surveillance data and dog heartworm case data in a statistical modeling approach (fixed-effects regression) that rigorously controls for other unobserved drivers of heartworm cases. We then used a flexible machine learning approach (gradient boosted machines) to identify the climate and land cover variables associated with the presence of each species.

Results
We found significant, regionally specific, positive associations between dog heartworm cases and the abundance of four vector species: Aedes aegypti (Central California), Ae. albopictus (Southern California), Ae. sierrensis (Central California), and Culiseta incidens (Northern and Central California). The proportion of developed land cover was one of the most important ecological variables predicting the presence or absence of the putative vector species.

Conclusion
Our results implicate three previously under-recognized vectors of dog heartworm transmission in California and indicate the land cover types in which each putative vector species is commonly found. Efforts to target these species could prioritize surveillance in these land cover types (e.g. near human dwellings in less urbanized settings for Ae. albopictus and Cs. incidens) but further investigation on the natural infection prevalence and host-biting rates of these species, as well as the other local vectors, is needed.

Graphical Abstract
Effective treatment of a child with adenoidal hypertrophy and severe asthma by omalizumab: a case report
Authors: Sui Haijing , Zhang Huishan , Ding Wei , Zhao Zuotao , Mo Jiali , Yuan Jiexin , Ye Leping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Childhood adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is common and is often associated with allergic asthma, resulting in complications like obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Management of the disease and its complications is often challenging.

Case presentation
We report here a case of a 10-year-old boy who suffered from severe allergic asthma and rhinitis and was treated with omalizumab. Before the treatment, the childhood asthma control test (C-ACT, 14), visal analog scale (VAS, 7) and lung function (mild obstructive ventilation dysfunction and moderate to severe dysfunction in ventilation in small airway) were seriously affected. Polysomnography showed OSAS (apnea hypopnea index, AHI, 6.4), low hypooxia saturation (lowest pulse oxygen saturation, LoSpO2, 70%), and adenoid hypertrophy (at grade III). After treating with omalizumab for 4 weeks (once treatment), the ventilation function, symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis (C-ACT, 24; VAS, 2), and OSAS (AHI: 1.8 and LoSpO2: 92.6%) were all improved, and the adenoids size was also significantly reduced to grade II. And during the following 3 times of treatment, the allergic symptoms continued improving, and the size of adenoid was reduced to grade I. Even 6.5 months after cessation of omalizumab, the size of adenoid remained at grade I.

Conclusion
This is the first documented case that childhood adenoid hypertrophy can be significantly improved by omalizumab.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following Shiga-toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: a case report
Authors: Rigamonti Elia , Bonora Tecla , Ventresca Mariangela , Cippà Pietro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundUp to 50% of cases of Shiga-toxin-producingEscherichia colihemolytic uremic syndrome occur in adults, and the clinical presentation is variable. Microbiological analyses must be performed in all patients with thrombotic microangiopathy to identify Shiga-toxin-producingEscherichia coli, even in the absence of diarrhea.Case presentationA 79-year-old Caucasian woman was admitted to hospital because of severe proctitis. In the following days, the patient’s level of consciousness declined, and she developed acute kidney injury, thrombocytopenia, and hemolytic anemia. Shiga-toxin-producingEscherichia coliwas found in fecal cultures, suggesting the diagnosis of hemolytic uremic syndrome. In the following days, her clinical conditions improved, but thrombocytopenia worsened, and the patient developed posterior tibial vein thrombosis. The discordant evolution of thrombocytopenia compared with other clinical and laboratory parameters prompted a new evaluation of its causes. Diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia was confirmed by heparin-induced platelet aggregation assay and positive antibodies to platelet factor 4.ConclusionsA discordant evolution of platelet count in patients with thrombotic microangiopathy requires a systematic reevaluation of the thrombocytopenia.
Myocytic androgen receptor overexpression does not affect sex differences in adaptation to chronic endurance exercise
Authors: Barsky Sabrina Tzivia , Monks Douglas Ashley 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMuscle-specific androgen receptor (AR) overexpression (HSAAR transgene) in sedentary male rats results in reduced adiposity, increased mitochondrial enzyme activity, and selective increase in Type 2b myofiber size. Here, we tested chronic endurance exercise interactions with this phenotype in both sexes. Across 9 weeks, rats ran 5×/week on motorized running wheels at increasing speeds and durations. Exercise reduced fat mass in all groups, but sex affected endurance exercise outcomes such that absolute lean mass increased only in females and total body mass decreased only in males. Expected sex differences were observed with males exhibiting greater total body and lean mass; absolute and relative fat mass; bone mineral density; extensor digitorum longus (EDL) myofiber size and glycolytic proportion; but lesser Type 2a and Type 1 myosin expression in tibialis anterior. Observed HSAAR outcomes were not altered by sex, with transgenic rats having greater lean mass, Type 2a myosin expression in soleus, and glycolytic myofiber size in EDL. Tibialis AR content was independently affected by sex, HSAAR, and exercise. No sex differences were observed in tibialis AR expression in wild-type rats, although HSAAR males had greater AR content than HSAAR females. We identified a moderate correlation between AR expression and glycolytic myofiber size, but not whole-body composition. Overall, results suggest myocytic AR overexpression and chronic exercise, despite sharing a similar phenotype to adaptation, are mediated by distinct mechanisms. Further, this study illustrates sex differences in adaptation to chronic endurance exercise, and suggests sex-similarity in the relationship between muscle AR and exercise response.
Effect of progesterone administration in male and female smokers on nicotine withdrawal and neural response to smoking cues: role of progesterone conversion to allopregnanolone
Authors: Novick Andrew M. , Duffy Korrina A. , Johnson Rachel L. , Sammel Mary D. , Cao Wen , Strasser Andrew A. , Sofuoglu Mehmet , Kuzma Alexandra , Loughead James , Morrow A. Leslie , Epperson C. Neill 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Progesterone administration has therapeutic effects in tobacco use disorder (TUD), with females benefiting more than males. Conversion of progesterone to the neurosteroid allopregnanolone is hypothesized to partly underlie the therapeutic effects of progesterone; however, this has not been investigated clinically.

Methods
Smokers (n = 18 males, n = 21 females) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of 200 mg progesterone daily across 4 days of abstinence. The ratio of allopregnanolone:progesterone was analyzed in relationship to nicotine withdrawal, smoking urges, mood states, subjective nicotine effects, and neural response to smoking cues.

Results
Allopregnanolone:progesterone ratio interacted with sex to predict withdrawal symptoms (p = 0.047), such that females with higher allopregnanolone:progesterone ratios reported lower withdrawal severity (b = − 0.98 [− 1.95, − 0.01]; p = 0.048). In addition, allopregnanolone:progesterone ratio interacted with sex to predict confusion (p = 0.014) and fatigue (p = 0.034), such that females with higher allopregnanolone:progesterone ratios reported less confusion (b = − 0.45 [− 0.78, − 0.12]; p = 0.008) and marginally lower fatigue (b = − 0.50 [− 1.03, 0.02]; p = 0.062. Irrespective of sex, higher ratios of allopregnanolone:progesterone were associated with stronger “good effects” of nicotine (b = 8.39 [2.58, 14.20]); p = 0.005) and weaker “bad effects” of nicotine (b = − 7.13 [− 13.53, − 0.73]; p = 0.029).

Conclusions
Conversion of progesterone to allopregnanolone correlated with smoking-related outcomes in both sex-dependent and sex-independent ways. Sex-dependent effects suggest that conversion of progesterone to allopregnanolone may contribute to greater therapeutic benefits in females but not males with TUD.
Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov registration, retrospectively registered: NCT01954966; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01954966\
Bile acid distributions, sex-specificity, and prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Cai Yuping , Shen Xinyi , Lu Lingeng , Yan Hong , Huang Huang , Gaule Patricia , Muca Engjel , Theriot Casey M. , Rattray Zahra , Rattray Nicholas J. W. , Lu Jun , Ahuja Nita , Zhang Yawei , Paty Philip B. , Khan Sajid A. , Johnson Caroline H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Bile acids are known to be genotoxic and contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the link between CRC tumor bile acids to tumor location, patient sex, microbiome, immune-regulatory cells, and prognosis is not clear.

Methods
We conducted bile acid analysis using targeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) on tumor tissues from CRC patients (n = 228) with survival analysis. We performed quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) on tumors to examine immune cells.

Results
Twelve of the bile acids were significantly higher in right-sided colon tumors compared to left-sided colon tumors. Furthermore, in male patients, right-sided colon tumors had elevated secondary bile acids (deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid) compared to left-sided colon tumors, but this difference between tumors by location was not observed in females. A high ratio of glycoursodeoxycholic to ursodeoxycholic was associated with 5-year overall survival (HR = 3.76, 95% CI = 1.17 to 12.1, P = 0.026), and a high ratio of glycochenodeoxycholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid was associated with 5-year recurrence-free survival (HR = 3.61, 95% CI = 1.10 to 11.84, P = 0.034). We also show correlation between these bile acids and FoxP3 + T regulatory cells.

Conclusions
This study revealed that the distribution of bile acid abundances in colon cancer patients is tumor location-, age- and sex-specific, and are linked to patient prognosis. This study provides new implications for targeting bile acid metabolism, microbiome, and immune responses for colon cancer patients by taking into account primary tumor location and sex.
Sparse convolutional array for DOA estimation
Authors: Wang Zikai , Liu Yun , Song Ruiliang , Liu Ning , Liang Qilian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractArray signal processing plays an important role in many areas. Besides the Uniform Linear Array, there are many sparse array that have been proposed, for example, Minimum-redundancy array, Co-prime array, nested array, etc. However, most of the array structures have certain disadvantages. A new type of nonlinear sparse sensor array called sparse convolutional array is illustrated which can reduce the number of physical sensors while remain a decent performance in DOA estimation. The sparse convolutional array contains three groups of physical sensors and is able to form a hole-free difference co-array. By adding sensors on two sides instead of the center, the proposed array shows improved performance compared to some other approaches while reminds few physical sensors. The array geometrical structure is illustrated, and the numerical result is provided. We also extended this array structure to two-dimensional case, and the performance is illustrated.
Convolutional neural networks for the classification of guitar effects and extraction of the parameter settings of single and multi-guitar effects from instrument mixes
Authors: Hinrichs Reemt , Gerkens Kevin , Lange Alexander , Ostermann Jörn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGuitar effects are commonly used in popular music to shape the guitar sound to fit specific genres, or to create more variety within musical compositions. The sound not only is determined by the choice of the guitar effect, but also heavily depends on the parameter settings of the effect. Previous research focused on the classification of guitar effects and extraction of their parameter settings from solo guitar audio recordings. However, more realistic is the classification and extraction from instrument mixes. This work investigates the use of convolution neural networks (CNNs) for the classification and parameter extraction of guitar effects from audio samples containing guitar, bass, keyboard, and drums. The CNN was compared to baseline methods previously proposed, like support vector machines and shallow neural networks together with predesigned features. On two datasets, the CNN achieved classification accuracies $$1-5\,\%$$

1
-
5

%

above the baseline accuracy, achieving up to $$97.4\, \%$$

97.4

%

accuracy. With parameter values between 0.0 and 1.0, mean absolute parameter extraction errors of below 0.016 for the distortion, below 0.052 for the tremolo, and below 0.038 for the slapback delay effect were achieved, matching or surpassing the presumed human expert error of 0.05. The CNN approach was found to generalize to further effects, achieving mean absolute parameter extraction errors below 0.05 for the chorus, phaser, reverb, and overdrive effect. For sequentially applied combinations of distortion, tremolo, and slapback delay, the mean extraction error slightly increased from the performance for the single effects to the range of 0.05 to 0.1. The CNN was found to be moderately robust to noise and pitch changes of the background instrumentation suggesting that the CNN extracted meaningful features.
Classified 3D mapping and deep learning-aided signal power estimation architecture for the deployment of wireless communication systems
Authors: Egi Yunus , Eyceyurt Engin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe traditional wireless communication systems deployment models require expensive and time-consuming procedures, including environment selection (rural, urban, and suburban), drive test data collection, and analysis of the raw data. These procedures mainly utilize stochastic and deterministic approaches for signal strength prediction to locate the optimum cellular tower (eNodeB) position for 4G and 5G systems. Since environment selection is limited by urban, suburban, and rural areas, they do not cover complex macro and micro variations, especially buildings and tree canopies having a higher impact on signal fading due to scattering and absorption. Therefore, they usually end up with high prediction errors. This article proposes an efficient architecture for the deployment of communication systems. The proposed method determines the effect of the environment via extracting tree and building properties by using a classified 3D map and You Only Look Once (YOLO) V5, which is one of the most efficient deep learning algorithms. According to the results, the mean average precision (mAP) 0.5% and mAP 0.95% accuracies are obtained as 0.96 and 0.45, and image color classification (ICC) findings indicate 77.6% accuracy on vegetation detection, especially for tree canopies. Thus, the obtained results significantly improved signal strength prediction with a 3.96% Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) rate, while other empirical models’ prediction errors fall in the range of 6.07–15.26%.
Bond-based peridynamics, a survey prospecting nonlocal theories of fluid-dynamics
Authors: Dimola Nunzio , Coclite Alessandro , Fanizza Giuseppe , Politi Tiziano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeridynamic (PD) theories have become widespread in various research areas due to the ability of modeling discontinuity formation and evolution in materials. Bond-based peridynamics (BB-PD), notwithstanding some modeling limitations, is widely employed in numerical simulations due to its easy implementation combined with physical intuitiveness and stability. In this paper, we review and investigate several aspects of bond-based peridynamic models. We present a detailed description of peridynamics theory, applications, and numerical models. We display the employed BB-PD integral kernels together with their differences and commonalities; then we discuss some consequences of their mathematical structure. We critically analyze and comment on the kinematic role of nonlocality, the relation between kernel structure and material impenetrability, and the role of PD kernel nonlinearity in crack formation prediction. Finally, we propose and present the idea of extending BB-PD to fluids in the framework of fading memory material, drawing some perspectives for a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the peridynamics in fluids.
Serverless computing: a security perspective
Authors: Marin Eduard , Perino Diego , Di Pietro Roberto 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article we review the current serverless architectures, abstract and categorize their founding principles, and provide an in-depth security analysis. In particular, we: show the security shortcomings of the analyzed serverless architectural paradigms; point to possible countermeasures; and, highlight several research directions for practitioners, Industry, and Academia.