bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of imitated meat product by utilizing pea and lentil protein isolates
Authors: Arshad Mehwish , Anwar Saba , Pasha Imran , Ahmed Farah , Aadil Rana Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

SummaryImitated meat product (nuggets) has been a major influence on vegans since time immemorial. Pea protein isolates (PPIs) and lentil protein isolates (LPIs) are identified as ingredients for their indigenous color, flavor, taste, texture, and functional properties. This study was aimed to investigate the potential use of pea and lentil PI as a meat substitute in nugget preparation to replace meat usage. Chemical characteristics of pea and lentil powder and functional properties of PPI and LPI were determined. Furthermore, the nutritional profile, textural property, and sensory attributes of imitated meat products (nuggets) were compared with chicken‐based nuggets. Results showed that functional properties of PPI and LPI were almost similar to each other, and NG2 (40%PPI: 60%LPI) was selected as the most acceptable nugget with desired nutritional, textural, and sensory attributes. PPI and LPI can be successfully used nutritionally and functionally as valuable substitutes for meat‐based nuggets, even in NG2 (40%PPI: 60%LPI), without significant deterioration of overall acceptability of nuggets. PPI‐ and LPI‐based nuggets could be introduced to the market as a potential marketable non‐meat product with indigenous color, flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability.
Synthesis of ultra‐fine rare‐earth‐zirconate high‐entropy ceramic fibers via electrospinning
Authors: Wei Mingyue , Xu Jie , Yang Runwu , Zhu Jiatong , Meng Xuanyu , Yang Jinlong , Gao Feng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCeramic fibers have the advantages of low density, high strength, high temperature resistance, and excellent mechanical vibration resistance. In this work, sol‐gel and electrospinning were used to prepare ultra‐fine rare‐earth‐zirconate high‐entropy ceramic (HEC) fibers with the composition of ((La0.25Nd0.25Sm0.25Gd0.25)0.75Yb0.25)2Zr2O7. The decomposition process and microscopic morphology of the fibers were characterized by thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that defective fluorite‐structured fibers with a smooth surface were obtained by calcining at 900–1000°C, while fibers with the pyrochlore structure and the diameter within 140 nm were obtained by calcining at temperature higher than 1100°C. The HEC fibers still maintain a continuous microstructure on the surface after calcination. In addition, the porous ceramics prepared from HEC fibers have a comparatively low thermal conductivity (0.22 ± 0.05 W m−1 K−1, 25°C). These promising properties indicate that the HEC fibers could be candidate materials for thermal‐insulation application.
Thorium zoning in monazite: A case study from the Ivrea–Verbano zone, NW Italy
Authors: Williams Megan A. , Kelsey David E. , Rubatto Daniela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetamorphism and partial melting of the lower crust is commonly assumed to cause depletion in heat producing elements (HPEs; K, U, Th). In the deep crust, volumetrically subordinate metasedimentary layers, which are source to crustal granites (sensu lato), host the majority of Th ± U, primarily within the REE + Th + U + Y phosphate mineral monazite. We examine the spatial and temporal distribution of Th within monazite grains in metasedimentary rocks from the lower crustal section of the Ivrea–Verbano Zone (Italy), using textural, compositional and geochronological data. We link this to outcrop and regional scale trends described by in‐field gamma‐ray spectrometry data (in‐field GRS) for the purpose of understanding how Th distribution is controlled by progressive metamorphism and partial melting. In‐field GRS data shows that the whole rock budget of Th does not change between granulite facies rocks and their unmelted equivalents but is significantly lower in rocks that have undergone more significant melt loss at ultra‐high temperature (UHT) conditions. Concurrently, the bulk Th budget of monazite increases with metamorphic grade to granulite facies conditions and is greatly reduced in UHT samples. Monazite geochronology returns dates mostly in the range 240–320 Ma with two main peaks at circa 290 and 270 Ma. Textural and chemical constraints indicate that these dates record the timing of pre‐peak to peak metamorphic conditions. Amphibolite facies monazite compositional zones are absent from granulite facies monazite, in contrast to examples from lower‐pressure terranes. This is consistent with the expanded stability of allanite relative to monazite with increasing pressure having an important role in determining the internal structure, composition and extent of inheritance of monazite in going from amphibolite facies to granulite facies rocks. We propose high‐pressure granulites should preserve less monazite inherited from amphibolite facies conditions than low‐pressure granulites. Monazite is preserved at all metamorphic grades and presents a mineralogical mechanism for retaining Th in residual deep crust during partial melting and after melt loss.
Late inflammatory reactions in patients with soft tissue fillers after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Bachour Yara , Bekkenk Marcel W. , Rustemeyer Thomas , Kadouch Jonathan A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionSoft tissue fillers are used for cosmetic and reconstructive purposes, and soft tissue filler procedures are among the most common nonsurgical procedures in the USA. Although soft tissue filler procedures are relatively quick and safe, adverse events such as late inflammatory reactions have been reported with every filler product. Infections and vaccinations have been proposed as potential triggers for late inflammatory reactions (LIRs), and it is therefore not surprising that these adverse events have been reported after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination. Therefore, this review aims to give a detailed overview of these cases.Materials and methodsA literature search was undertaken on LIRs in patients with a history of soft tissue filler use after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or vaccination. This systematic review was reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched the electronic database PubMed from January 2020 to August 2021. Data on patient characteristics, filler characteristics, clinical findings, and treatment options were included.ResultsThis review included 7 articles with a total of 19 patients with LIRs after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or vaccination. Three patients with postinfection LIRs and 16 patients with postvaccination LIRs were reported. These LIRS mainly occurred in females who had HA injections for cosmetic purposes. Three patients with postinfection LIRs had symptoms of facial swelling and/or lip angioedema in a matter of weeks. Sixteen patients reported reactions after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination (13 following Moderna vaccination and 3 after Pfizer vaccination, after both the first and second doses) from 13 hours up to three weeks. These patients presented with similar clinical symptoms as patients with postinfection LIRs. All patients were treated in a conservative manner.DiscussionThis review shows a relationship between LIRs and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination. In the case of vaccination, these adverse events have been reported only after Moderna and Pfizer vaccinations. The reported adverse events are generally minor and self‐limiting, and we encourage patients with soft tissue fillers to participate in vaccination programs.
Quantitative analysis of collagen after intense pulsed light and erbium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser treatment on rabbit skin
Authors: Feng Jiayi , Zhang Ling , Huang Lvping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) and ablative 2.940 nm erbium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er: YAG) laser on dynamic changes in collagen by quantitative analysis of type I collagen (Col I) and type III collagen (Col III), transforming growth factor (TGF), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the dermis of rabbits.MethodsBacks of ten rabbits were divided into four treatment areas: IPL normal energy group, IPL high‐energy group, erbium laser normal energy group, and erbium laser high‐energy group. HE staining was performed immediately after the first treatment and two weeks after the first treatment. Col I, Col III, TGF‐β1, and MMP‐1 were collected by real‐time PCR at baseline, 2 weeks after each session, and three months after the entire treatment monthly.ResultsHE staining showed that collagen fibers in the superficial layer of the dermis in the four treatment groups were increased and thickened to different degrees. Real‐time PCR showed that statistically differences were noted in each checkpoint before and after treatments in the four groups, whereas no significant difference in the change in the four biomarkers was found among the four treatment groups.ConclusionBoth the IPL and Er: YAG laser can effectively upregulate collagens, but in this experiment, there was no significant difference in the therapeutic effect among the four irradiation groups. Moreover, the high‐energy level group tended to bring more serious epidermal injury.
Development of an integrated mobile application for lifestyle modification in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Choi Hee Kyung , Lee Seon Heui , Yang Soo Yeon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLifestyle modification is the primary treatment for overweight and obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Developing mobile applications that motivate and provide lifestyle modification advice and evidence‐based information for women with PCOS is needed.AimsThis study is aimed at the development of an integrated mobile application for lifestyle modifications in women with PCOS.MethodsThis study is a development study to develop a lifestyle modification mobile application for PCOS based on a systematic review and needs analysis according to the ADDIE model. The survey was conducted consecutively on patients with PCOS who visited a university hospital in Incheon, Republic of Korea from 1 November 2020 to 28 February 2021. The questionnaire was developed based on prior literature, and validity was evaluated by experts. The survey investigated respondents’ general characteristics, the perceptions and needs, and the preferred components of integrated mobile application for lifestyle modification. The usability of the application was evaluated by experts. STROBE statement has been followed in this study.ResultsThe lifestyle modification programme was confirmed to be clinical effect through a systematic review. The necessity application and high scores in preference of all components was confirmed in a survey. The mobile application included every amount of intake, exercise time, menstrual period, and daily weight compared with the target weight and BMI. It also included questionnaires on hirsutism and acne, disease information, and communication with the researcher for counselling purposes. The application will motivate users to participate by giving scores according to a goal achievement each day. In usability test, experts evaluate this mobile application as suitable for use.ConclusionIn this study, an integrated mobile application was developed in consideration of the systematic review and needs analysis of women with PCOS. The effectiveness of the application will need to be verified through further research.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study developed an integrated mobile application including diet and exercise therapy, as well as weight and menstrual period management, questionnaires and disease information. In addition, the mobile application motivates women with PCOS to provide personalised counselling and achieve goals. We expect to use it in future studies for women with PCOS in clinical practice.
CTLA‐4 polymorphism contributes to the genetic susceptibility of epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Chen Juan , Kang Shan , Wu Jianlei , Zhao Jian , Si Wengang , Sun Haiyan , Li Yan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimCytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4), an inhibitory molecule on T‐cells, plays a key role in tumorigenesis and progression. In the present study, we investigated the effects of three polymorphisms in the CTLA‐4 gene on the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer and the clinical outcomes of patients.MethodsA case–control study was performed in 527 epithelial ovarian cancer patients and 532 controls. Genotypes of three polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction/ligase detection reaction. A survival analysis was performed in 346 patients who were followed up for more than 3 years and 208 patients who were followed up for more than 5 years.ResultsThere were significant differences in the genotype and allele distribution frequencies of the rs5742909 C/T polymorphism in CTLA‐4 between patients and controls (p = 0.009 and p = 0.04, respectively). Compared with the CC genotype, the CT + TT genotype may significantly decrease the risk of developing epithelial ovarian cancer (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.52–0.91). However, no significant association between the rs231775 G/A and rs3087243 G/A polymorphisms and epithelial ovarian cancer risk was observed. The survival analysis showed that three polymorphisms may not be related to the clinical outcomes of patients.ConclusionOur results suggested that the rs5742909 C/T polymorphism of CTLA‐4 may decrease the genetic susceptibility to epithelial ovarian cancer among northern Chinese women.
Molecular detection and pathological investigations on southern blight disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata): A new record in India
Authors: Tejaswini Gurumallsh Savithri , Mahadevakumar Shivannegowda , Sowmya Ramaiah , Deepika Yelandur Somaraju , Meghavarshinigowda Bettadapura Rameshgowda , Nuthan Bettadapura Rameshgowda , Sharvani Kochera Appachu , Amruthesh Kestur Nagaraj , Sridhar Kandikere Ramaiah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA severe outbreak of foot rot and head rot disease of cabbage was observed during September 2017 to November 2019 in major cabbage growing regions of southern Karnataka state of India. The disease incidence ranged between 3% and 28%. The initial symptoms were observed as tan, water‐soaked lesions at the point of infection and development of mycelia, followed by quick wilting of the whole plant. Subsequently, numerous sclerotia were produced. The pathogen isolated on PDA medium produced white fluffy aerial mycelia and numerous reddish‐brown sclerotia after 7−10 days. A total of 18 fungal isolates were used for mycelial compatibility analysis. Isolate SrBoC28 was used to test for pathogenicity on cabbage, marigold, chilli and brinjal plants. Typical disease symptoms on leaves, stem and roots were evident 5, 8 and 10 days’ post‐inoculation respectively. The isolate was pathogenic on all tested hosts, and the identity was confirmed by re‐isolation and morpho‐cultural and molecular studies. The latter were based on amplification of ITS‐rDNA and phylogenetic analysis which showed 100% sequence similarity with reference sequences. The identity was confirmed as S. rolfsii. This is a well‐known pathogen and causes disease on various economically important crop plants. To date, there are no reports on the association between S. rolfsii and foot and head rot disease of cabbage in India and elsewhere. Thus, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of foot rot and head rot of cabbage caused by S. rolfsii in India.
“Distance” in intellectual property protection and MNEs’ foreign subsidiary innovation performance
Authors: Konara Palitha , Batsakis Georgios , Shirodkar Vikrant 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDrawing on the institution‐based view of intellectual property (IP) rights, we argue that “distance” in IP protection strength of MNEs’ home and host countries reduces the ability of MNEs to innovate at foreign subsidiary locations. We contend that this logic applies in both directions—i.e., (1) downward direction, when MNEs originating from stronger IP protection regimes innovate in weaker IP protection regimes, and (2) upward direction, when MNEs originating from weaker IP protection regimes innovate in stronger IP protection regimes. Furthermore, we suggest that the negative effect of IP protection distance on foreign subsidiary innovation performance will be moderated by internal (strategic) and external (institutional) conditions, such as the subsidiary experience, subsidiary ownership type (full vs. partial), cultural distance and the extent of scientific labor in the host country. We test the above relationships using a very large panel data set consisting of MNE subsidiary‐level data in the manufacturing industry for 15,246 subsidiaries of 11,284 parent firms, representing 47 home countries and 31 host countries and covering a total of 91,347 observations for the period 2005–2013. Our findings show that (1) the adverse effect of IP protection distance on subsidiary innovation performance applies in both directions; (2) the effect is more intense in case of the downward direction; and (3) the moderating effects vary depending on the direction of IP protection distance.
Urgent issues and prospects in correctional rehabilitation practice and research
Authors: Ward Tony , Arrigo Bruce , Barnao Mary , Beech Anthony , Brown Deirdre A. , Cording Jacinta , Day Andrew , Durrant Russil , Gannon Theresa A. , Hart Stephen D. , Prescott David , Strauss‐Hughes Annalisa , Tamatea Armon , Taxman Faye 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to identify some of the urgent issues currently confronting criminal justice policymakers, researchers and practitioners. To this end a diverse group of researchers and clinicians have collaborated to identify pressing concerns in the field and to make some suggestions about how to proceed in the future. The authors represent individuals with varying combinations of criminal justice research, professional training (e.g. social work, criminal justice, criminology, social work, clinical psychology) and clinical orientation, and experience. The paper is comprised of 13 commentaries and a subsequent discussion based on these reflections. The commentaries are divided into the categories of explanation of criminal behaviour, clinical assessment and correctional intervention, and cover issues ranging from the role of clinical expertise in treatment, problems with risk assessment to the adverse effects of social oppression on minority groups. Following the commentaries, we summarize some of their key themes and briefly discuss a number of major issues likely to confront the field in the next 5–10 years.
Effects of seasonal hypoxia on macroinvertebrate communities in a small reservoir
Authors: Lucchesi David O. , Chipps Steven R. , Schumann David A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLocalized hypoxia can reduce available habitat, restrict movement and limit the abundance of aquatic invertebrates. Although cultural eutrophication, coupled with the effects of climate change, is likely to increase the frequency and extent of hypoxia in aquatic ecosystems, little is known about how oxygen gradients in small reservoirs influence spatial distribution and abundance of aquatic invertebrates. The present study evaluated the effects of environmental and biological attributes on seasonal and spatial variation of macroinvertebrates and explored how hypoxic conditions influenced littoral, benthic and pelagic macroinvertebrate communities in Lake Alvin, South Dakota. Data on reservoir conditions, in conjunction with macroinvertebrate sampling from May to October 2009–2011, were applied in an information theoretic approach to evaluate factors affecting invertebrate abundance. Hypoxic conditions were present from May to September in the lacustrine zone impacting 10%–39% of the water column. Benthic invertebrates were typically absent from the lacustrine zone during periods of severe hypoxia and were most abundant in the shallow, well‐oxygenated riverine zone. Littoral invertebrates were negatively related to the per cent of the hypoxic water column, suggesting fish, confined to shallow waters by hypoxia, may be consuming a larger portion of littoral invertebrates in their diets. Cladocera and Copepoda densities were influenced primarily by water depth and monthly precipitation. The larger size of Daphnia found in the hypoxic‐prone transitional and lacustrine zones suggested low oxygen concentrations may provide a refuge from fish predation. The results of the present study demonstrated spatial variations in near‐bottom oxygen concentrations were important predictors of macroinvertebrate and zooplankton abundance and size structure in Lake Alvin and that macroinvertebrates, particularly benthic and littoral invertebrates, could benefit from measures taken to reduce summer hypoxia.
Teaching the Teachers the Genetics of Learning: An Application of the Mixed Blessings Model
Authors: Larsen Sally A. , Little Callie W. , Byrne Brian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDecades of educational genetics research have highlighted that differences in academic achievement are partly explained by genetic variation between individuals. Consequently, there is ongoing discussion about whether genetic influences on educationally related traits should be more widely acknowledged in schools and communicated specifically to teachers. Nonetheless, there is little research on how teachers might interpret such information, and how it might alter their perceptions of the students they teach or their teaching practice. In this review, we draw on the mixed blessings model proposed by Haslam and Kvaale, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2015, 24, 399–404, as a framework for defining both positive and negative repercussions of disseminating the findings of educational genetic research to teachers. We discuss research examining teacher perceptions of student ability and behavior and findings outlining perceptions of psychological disorders when genetic explanations are invoked. We conclude by proposing new directions for research designed to better understand interpretations of genetic information in school contexts.
Numerical Simulation of Thermal Conductivity of Stainless Steel and Al-12Si Powders for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Ankudinov Vladimir , Gordeev Georgii A. , Kharanzhevskiy Evgeniy V. , Krivilyov Mikhail D. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A three-dimensional model of a partially melted powder bed with particles stochastically distributed in size and space coordinates has been developed. Numerical simulation of temperature distributions in stainless steel AISI 316 L and Al-12Si powders in vacuum, air, and argon has been performed to analyze unsteady heat transfer in a porous medium. The numerical model demonstrates a large effect of heat transfer through the gas phase in case of powders with low thermal conductivities like stainless steels. At the porosity level of 65% and above, the mechanism of heat transfer drastically changes and a linear dependence of thermal conductivity on porosity frequently used in literature becomes incorrect. The effects of the consolidation coefficient and size distribution on effective heat transfer in powders are discussed. The obtained dependencies of the effective thermal conductivity on porosity and the consolidation coefficient could be used in additive manufacturing applications.