bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mid‐ to Far‐Infrared Anisotropic Dielectric Function of HfS2 and HfSe2
Authors: Kowalski Ryan A. , Nolen Joshua Ryan , Varnavides Georgios , Silva Sebastian Mika , Allen Jack E. , Ciccarino Christopher J. , Juraschek Dominik M. , Law Stephanie , Narang Prineha , Caldwell Joshua D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe far‐infrared (far‐IR) remains a relatively underexplored region of the electromagnetic spectrum extending roughly from 20 to 100 µm in free‐space wavelength. Research within this range has been restricted due to a lack of optical materials that can be optimized to reduce losses and increase sensitivity, as well as by the long free‐space wavelengths associated with this spectral region. Here the exceptionally broad Reststrahlen bands of two Hf‐based transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) that can support surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) within the mid‐infrared (mid‐IR) into the terahertz (THz) are reported. In this vein, the IR transmission and reflectance spectra of hafnium disulfide (HfS2) and hafnium diselenide (HfSe2) flakes are measured and their corresponding dielectric functions are extracted. These exceptionally broad Reststrahlen bands (HfS2: 165 cm−1; HfSe2: 95 cm−1) dramatically exceed that of the more commonly explored molybdenum‐ (Mo) and tungsten‐ (W) based TMDs (≈5–10 cm−1), which results from the over sevenfold increase in the Born effective charge of the Hf‐containing compounds. This work therefore identifies a class of materials for nanophotonic and sensing applications in the mid‐ to far‐IR, such as deeply sub‐diffractional hyperbolic and polaritonic optical antennas, as is predicted via electromagnetic simulations using the extracted dielectric function.
Flexible Active Crossbar Arrays Using Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor Technology toward Artificial Neural Networks Hardware
Authors: Pereira Maria Elias , Deuermeier Jonas , Figueiredo Cátia , Santos Ângelo , Carvalho Guilherme , Tavares Vítor Grade , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira , Barquinha Pedro , Kiazadeh Asal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMemristor crossbar arrays can compose the efficient hardware for artificial intelligent applications. However, the requirements for a linear and symmetric synaptic weight update and low cycle‐to‐cycle (C2C) and device‐to‐device variability as well as the sneak‐path current issue have been delaying its further development. This study reports on a thin‐film amorphous oxide‐based 4×4 1‐transistor 1‐memristor (1T1M) crossbar. The a‐IGZO crossbar is built on a flexible polyimide substrate, enabling IoT and wearable applications. In the novel framework, the thin‐film transistor and memristor are fabricated at the same level, with the same processing steps and sharing the same materials for all layers. The 1T1M cells show linear and symmetrical plasticity characteristic with low C2C variability. The memristor performs like an analog dot product engine and vector–matrix multiplications in the 4×4 crossbars is demonstrated experimentally, in which the sneak‐path current issue is successfully suppressed, resulting in a proof‐of‐concept for a cost‐effective, flexible artificial neural networks hardware.
Triple‐Functional Polyoxovanadate Cluster in Regulating Cathode, Anode, and Electrolyte for Tough Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Battery
Authors: Yang Kai , Hu Yuanyuan , Zhang Tengsheng , Wang Boya , Qin Jiaxiang , Li Ningxu , Zhao Zaiwang , Zhao Junwei , Chao Dongliang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite a promising outlook due to the intrinsic low cost and high safety, the practical application of aqueous Zn‐ion battery is impeded by the severe mutual problems of cathode dissolution, electrolyte parasitic reactions, and metallic anode dendrite growth. Herein, a triple‐functional strategy is proposed that a polyoxovanadate (POV) cluster of K10[VIV16VV18O82] as a promising Zn2+ host can concomitantly stabilize the cluster cathode, aqueous electrolyte, and metallic Zn anode. An in situ generated cathode electrolyte interface via anodic oxidation is identified as effective in preventing the dissolution of POV cathode. Molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory calculation confirm that the [VIV16VV18O82]10− polyoxoanions can synergistically suppress electrolyte side reactions by modulating the primary solvation shell of Zn2+‐6H2O, and random anode dendrite growth by in situ constructing a stable solid electrolyte interface of Zn‐POV. As a result, the Zn//POV battery exhibits unprecedented cycling durability over 10 000 cycles at high rates of 5 and 12 A g−1. In a systematic consideration, the findings enlighten the origin of triple‐functional polyoxometalates and will significantly propel the practical development of aqueous batteries.
Hodgkin lymphoma: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Authors: Ansell Stephen M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDisease OverviewHodgkin lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon B‐cell lymphoid malignancy affecting 8540 new patients annually and representing approximately 10% of all lymphomas in the United States.DiagnosisHL is composed of two distinct disease entities: classical HL and nodular lymphocyte‐predominant HL. Nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, lymphocyte depletion, and lymphocyte‐rich HL are subgroups of classical HL.Risk StratificationAn accurate assessment of the stage of disease in patients with HL is critical for the selection of the appropriate therapy. Prognostic models that identify patients at low or high risk for recurrence, as well as the response to therapy as determined by positron emission tomography scan, are used to optimize therapy.Risk‐Adapted TherapyInitial therapy for HL patients is based on the histology of the disease, the anatomical stage, and the presence of poor prognostic features. Patients with early‐stage disease are typically treated with combined modality strategies utilizing abbreviated courses of combination chemotherapy followed by involved‐field radiation therapy, while those with advanced‐stage disease receive a longer course of chemotherapy, often without radiation therapy. However, newer agents, including brentuximab vedotin and anti‐programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) antibodies, are now being incorporated into frontline therapy.Management of Relapsed/Refractory DiseaseHigh‐dose chemotherapy (HDCT) followed by an autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is the standard of care for most patients who relapse following initial therapy. For patients who fail HDCT with ASCT, brentuximab vedotin, PD‐1 blockade, non‐myeloablative allogeneic transplant, or participation in a clinical trial should be considered.
Short stature, hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa, and distinctive facies syndrome: A case report
Authors: Reeves Ashley , Ojha Kanwal , Meddaugh Hannah , Zambrano Regina M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractShort stature, hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa, and distinctive facies (SHRF) Syndrome is a syndrome recently identified among three German patients. Clinical characteristics include eye disease, sensorineural hearing loss, distinct facial and phalangeal features, short stature, developmental delay, and cerebellar atrophy. In this case report, we discuss a fourth identified patient with genomic mutations in the EXOSC2 gene which codes for a cap protein in the RNA exosome. Whole exome sequencing identified two mutations of unknown clinical significance including: a heterozygous maternal variant, missense mutation NM_014285.7: c427G>A (p.Ala143Thr) in exon 6 and a heterozygous paternal variant, splice donor NM_014285.5: c.801+1G>A in intron 8. Our patient demonstrates a novel clinical presentation within the SHRF disease spectrum.
Cross‐validated permutation feature importance considering correlation between features
Authors: Kaneko Hiromasa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn molecular design, material design, process design, and process control, it is important not only to construct a model with high predictive ability between explanatory features x and objective features y using a dataset but also to interpret the constructed model. An index of feature importance in x is permutation feature importance (PFI), which can be combined with any regressors and classifiers. However, the PFI becomes unstable when the number of samples is low because it is necessary to divide a dataset into training and validation data when calculating it. Additionally, when there are strongly correlated features in x, the PFI of these features is estimated to be low. Hence, a cross‐validated PFI (CVPFI) method is proposed. CVPFI can be calculated stably, even with a small number of samples, because model construction and feature evaluation are repeated based on cross‐validation. Furthermore, by considering the absolute correlation coefficients between the features, the feature importance can be evaluated appropriately even when there are strongly correlated features in x. Case studies using numerical simulation data and actual compound data showed that the feature importance can be evaluated appropriately using CVPFI compared to PFI. This is possible when the number of samples is low, when linear and nonlinear relationships are mixed between x and y when there are strong correlations between features in x, and when quantised and biased features exist in x. Python codes for CVPFI are available at https://github.com/hkaneko1985/dcekit.
Stabilization of uncertain networked control systems with actuator saturation and probabilistic cyberattacks
Authors: Huang Xiong , Xing Mali , Mo Haoyi , Hu Shengke , Luo Honglun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the stabilization of uncertain networked control systems (NCSs) with actuator saturation and cyberattacks. The cyberattacks are governed by a set of independent random variables satisfying Bernoulli distribution. To relieve the network bandwidth load effectively, an event‐triggered communication strategy is proposed. By employing Lyapunov stability theory and stochastic analysis techniques, a stability criterion is obtained for the system with actuator saturation and cyberattacks. Moreover, the desired controller gain is derived by solving some matrix inequalities. Finally, the validity and applicability of the criteria are verified through numerical examples.
AI for AEC: KI für Bauplanung und Bau
Authors: Wortmann Thomas , Herschel Melanie , Staab Steffen , Tarín Cristina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDer Aufsatz bietet eine Übersicht über aktuelle Methoden der Datenintegration, künstlichen Intelligenz (KI), Optimierung und Regelungstechnik und ihre (potenziellen) Anwendungen in Gebäudeplanung und Bau. Die Übersicht behandelt sowohl symbolische KI‐Methoden als auch subsymbolische KI‐Methoden bzw. maschinelles Lernen. Der Aufsatz stellt diese Methoden im Kontext von Anwendungsbeispielen vor, die einen Einblick in aktuelle Forschungsprojekte des Exzellenzclusters „Integratives computerbasiertes Planen und Bauen für die Architektur“ an der Universität Stuttgart bieten: (1) Datenintegration zur Verknüpfung von Datensilos in Planungs‐ und Bauprozessen, (2) Wissensgraphen zur Wissensrepräsentation in multidisziplinären Planungsprozessen, (3) automatisierte Planung zur Planung und Verteilung von Bauaufgaben, (4) überwachtes Lernen zur Abschätzung von aufwendigen Simulationen wie Gebäudeenergiebedarf oder des Verhaltens von natürlichen Materialien wie Holz, (5) unüberwachtes Lernen zur Visualisierung von Optimierungsergebnissen, (6) bestärkendes Lernen zum Bauen mit Fasern und Bambus, (7) simulationsbasierte Optimierung für klimafreundliche Gebäudeplanung und (8) Regelungstechnik zur Steuerung von z. B. Baurobotern. Der Aufsatz kommt zu dem Schluss, dass integratives computerbasiertes Planen und Bauen die Kooperation von Menschen, Material und Maschinen erfordert und dass KI – anstatt Bauplanungs‐ und Bauprozesse lediglich zu automatisieren – diese Kooperation moderieren kann.
Development and validation of a prediction model for early mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) based on the Netherlands Heart Registration (NHR): The TAVI‐NHR risk model
Authors: Al‐Farra Hatem , Ravelli Anita C. J. , Henriques José P. S. , Houterman Saskia , de Mol Bas A. J. M. , Abu‐Hanna Ameen ,   NHR THI Registration Committee
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe currently available mortality prediction models (MPM) have suboptimal performance when predicting early mortality (30‐days) following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on various external populations. We developed and validated a new TAVI‐MPM based on a large number of predictors with recent data from a national heart registry.MethodsWe included all TAVI‐patients treated in the Netherlands between 2013 and 2018, from the Netherlands Heart Registration. We used logistic‐regression analysis based on the Akaike Information Criterion for variable selection. We multiply imputed missing values, but excluded variables with >30% missing values. For internal validation, we used ten‐fold cross‐validation. For temporal (prospective) validation, we used the 2018‐data set for testing. We assessed discrimination by the c‐statistic, predicted probability accuracy by the Brier score, and calibration by calibration graphs, and calibration‐intercept and calibration slope. We compared our new model to the updated ACC‐TAVI and IRRMA MPMs on our population.ResultsWe included 9144 TAVI‐patients. The observed early mortality was 4.0%. The final MPM had 10 variables, including: critical‐preoperative state, procedure‐acuteness, body surface area, serum creatinine, and diabetes‐mellitus status. The median c‐statistic was 0.69 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.646–0.75). The median Brier score was 0.038 (IQR 0.038–0.040). No signs of miscalibration were observed. The c‐statistic's temporal‐validation was 0.71 (95% confidence intervals 0.64–0.78). Our model outperformed the updated currently available MPMs ACC‐TAVI and IRRMA (p value < 0.05).ConclusionThe new TAVI‐model used additional variables and showed fair discrimination and good calibration. It outperformed the updated currently available TAVI‐models on our population. The model's good calibration benefits preprocedural risk‐assessment and patient counseling.
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome in a young adult – A surgeon's dilemma with rectal carcinoma
Authors: Bhusal Ujwal , Basukala Sunil , Tamang Ayush , Dhakal Subodh , Sharma Shriya , Karki Anuj 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe presentation of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is very similar to a wide variety of conditions including inflammatory bowel diseases, ischemic colitis and rectal carcinoma. Histopathological examination comes as an important tool for its diagnosis. Hence, high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis of this rare condition.
Removal of Phenol from Sour Water by Poly(vinyl Alcohol)/Polyamide‐Reverse Osmosis Membranes
Authors: Shalaby Marwa S. , Mansour Moustapha S. , Eldin Ahmed Badr , Abdallah Heba , Ibrahim Ibrahim Ismail , Abdel Fattah Marwa , Sołowski Gaweł 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA commercial thin‐film membrane (unmodified) of polyamide improved by poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)‐coated membranes (modified) was investigated for separating phenol in sour water by reverse osmosis. Dependences of pressure and pore surface area on flux and phenol rejection were tested. A graphical correlation was found between the relative flux decline and phenol concentration decrease in the feed. The modified membrane provided rejection of 86 % at 2 bar with the highest permeate flux of 8.46 L m−2h−1. The average contact angle for the former membrane was 58.4°, while that for the modified membrane was 49.1°. The reduction in contact angle enhances the surface hydrophilicity of the membrane leading to the antifouling effect. The modified membrane provides 95.4 % flux recovery compared to the unmodified membrane that provides only 66.2 %.
Hydrogen Production through Alkaline Electrolyzers: A Techno‐Economic and Enviro‐Economic Analysis
Authors: Naqvi Syed Arslan Hassan , Taner Tolga , Ozkaymak Mehmet , Ali Hafiz Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHydrogen production through an alkaline electrolyzer as well as a techno‐economic and enviro‐economic analysis are presented. The proposal of this innovative study is to generate hydrogen gas energy from an alkaline electrolyzer energy system. The prototype of this alkaline electrolyzer was developed by application of hydrogen production through alkaline electrolyzer optimization. This novel chemical mixture is made up from the combination of ammonia, ethyl alcohol, urea, and deionized or distilled water. The result proved to be a model study by emphasizing the annual profit of the alkaline electrolyzer of a simple payback period of the prototype system. A prototype of alkaline electrolyzer is designed and developed to produce oxyhydrogen gas through water electrolysis.
Mechanistic Investigation of Alkali‐Treated Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction: The Role of OH− and Metal Cations for Almost 100 % Selectivity of CO
Authors: Zhang Hao , Ji Jixiang , Guo Fa , Shen Zhurui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, the modulation of activity and selectivity via photoreduction of carbon dioxide under simulated sunlight was achieved by treating P25 and P25/Pt NPs with KOH. It found that KOH treatment could significantly improve the overall conversion efficiency and switch the selectivity for CO. Photoelectric characterizations and CO2‐TPD demonstrated that the synergistic effect of K+ and OH‐ accelerated the separation and migration of photogenerated charges, and also improved CO2 adsorption level. Significantly, the K ions could act as active sites for CO2 adsorption and further activation. In situ FTIR measurements and DFT calculations confirmed that K+ enhanced the charge density of adjacent atoms and stabilize CO* groups, reducing the reaction energy barrier and inducing the switching of original CH4 to CO, which played a selective regulatory role. This study provides insights into the photocatalytic activity and selectivity of alkali‐treated photocatalysts and facilitates the design of efficient and product‐specific photocatalysis.
Treatment of Municipal Wastewater by Hollow Fiber Dynamic Membrane Bioreactors
Authors: Isik Onur , Orman Irem , Abdelrahman Amr Mustafa , Ersahin Mustafa Evren , Ozgun Hale , Demir Ibrahim , Koyuncu Ismail 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, an aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a polyester fabric hollow fiber filter is used for municipal wastewater treatment. This polyester fabric filter is used as support material for dynamic membrane formation in the MBR. High treatment performance is obtained in the permeate achieving over 93% of chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency and low particulate material concentration (<10 mg L−1). The system is operated for 58 d without any clogging. The average transmembrane value is found as around 598 mbar after the system reaches stable conditions. Morphological analyses including confocal laser scanning microscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are performed to obtain a detailed understanding of the cake layer formation. The use of hollow fiber dynamic membranes can provide compact membrane volume with high surface area, thus, the volume of the reactor can be further decreased.
Curvature of NCNTs induced selectivity of CO2 electroreduction into CO
Authors: Lv Kuilin , Wan Detian , Pan Ruina , Suo Weiqun , Zhu Ying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) are usually selective and robust electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction to CO in aqueous media. However, the electronic property of NCNTs is strongly dependent on their curvature, the change of curvature has a great impact on the electrocatalytic performance. Therefore, it is highly desirable to clarify the curvature effect of NCNTs for CO2RR performance. Herein, we investigated the CO2RR performances of NCNTs with different curvatures, which were obtained by doping N into CNTs under high temperatures. And low curvature of
l‐NCNT‐1000 presented the highest CO FE (88.5%), which was much higher than that of the mid curvature of M‐NCNT‐1000 (71.1%) and the high curvature of S‐NCNT‐1000 (58%). According to density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the pyridine‐N site was considered a catalytic active site for CO2RR regardless of the low, mid or high curvature structure. Moreover, the low curvature surface of NCNTs had a relatively large binding energy with the HOCO* intermediate that is the principal intermediate for the CO2RR, thereby enhancing the catalytic activity of CO2 electroreduction to CO.
Introduction of the Functional Amino Group at the meso Position of Cy3 and Cy5 Dyes: Synthesis, Stability, Spectra and Photolysis of 4‐Amino‐1‐diazo‐2‐butanone Derivatives**
Authors: Savicheva Elizaveta A. , Bossi Mariano L. , Belov Vladimir N. , Hell Stefan W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSearching for photoconvertible or photoactivatable dyes, we considered trimethine (Cy3) and pentamethine (Cy5) fluorophores with a 4‐amino‐1‐diazo‐2‐butanone fragment (H2N(CH2)2COCH=N2) attached to the meso (γ) position of the polymethine chain via the amino group. The Cy3 derivative was prepared. All Cy5 derivatives with the basic amino group at this position decomposed with breaking the polymethine chain. However, amino‐squaraine based Cy5 dyes were found to be stable and accessible. Photolysis of Cy3 and squaraine‐based Cy5 dyes with a 4‐amino‐1‐diazo‐2‐butanone fragment was accompanied with Wolff rearrangement and led to pyrrolidones (in methanol and aprotic solvents) formed via intramolecular cyclization of the intermediate ketenes. In aqueous acetonitrile, ketenes reacted with water and gave carboxylic acids. Both products were non‐fluorescent, though the model Cy5 dyes (without the squaraine fragment) with acylated amino and N‐methylamino groups were found to be fluorescent.
Titanium implant surface roughness after different implantoplasty protocols: A laboratory study
Authors: Yildiz Hulya , Bertl Kristina , Stavropoulos Andreas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the surface roughness of sandblasted, large grit, acid‐etched (SLA) surfaced titanium discs, after implantoplasty (IP) with different combinations of rotating instruments without or with the subsequent use of a silicone polisher.MethodsTitanium discs (n = 12 per group) with an SLA surface were treated with the following IP protocols: (1) Tungsten carbide bur sequence from company 1 (Komet Dental) without or with polishing (P) with a silicone polisher (Brownie®), (2) tungsten carbide bur sequence from company 2 (Hager & Meisinger GmbH) without or with P, and (3) diamond bur sequence (125, 40, 15‐μm grit) without or with P. Pristine turned (T) and SLA titanium discs were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Surface roughness measurements were taken with a contact profilometer rendering Ra and Rz values.ResultsAll IP protocols, even without P, resulted in significantly reduced surface roughness compared to the SLA group. The tungsten carbide bur protocols, even without P, resulted in a surface roughness similar to or significantly lower than that in the T group in terms of Ra and Rz, respectively. IP with the diamond bur sequence resulted in a significantly rougher surface compared to that achieved with the carbide burs. In all IP groups, P with a silicone polisher resulted in a significantly smoother surface.ConclusionsIP with dedicated tungsten carbide burs without or with the subsequent use of a silicone polisher resulted in a surface roughness similar to or significantly lower than that of commercially available turned surfaces. IP with a diamond bur sequence required additional polishing to achieve a comparable surface roughness to that of commercially available turned surfaces.