bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Difference of Disease Injury and Postoperative Recovery in the Occupational Characteristics of Thoracolumbar Fracture Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Ting‐Ting , Wei Yi , Zhou Hong‐Su , Xiao Qiu‐Xia , Wang Chong , Xiong Liu‐Lin , Ao Jun , Wang Ting‐Hua , Yuan Hao 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesUnderstanding the occupational characteristics of patients is not only related to patients' life and health, but also conducive to improving their happiness. However, there were no studies that had been conducted on the relationship between occupation characteristic and postoperative recovery in patients with spinal fractures. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the occupation characteristics of patients with thoracolumbar fracture and the characteristics of disease injury, treatment, and recovery so as to reduce the incidence and improve postoperative rehabilitation.MethodsPatients (n = 719) with thoracolumbar fractures were recruited. Patients were grouped according to the characteristic of occupations: unemployed group (n = 299), white‐collar worker group (n = 20), and blue‐collar worker group (n = 400). Data were collected, including the characteristics, injury and treatment information, and the recovery records for 1 year after operation. One‐way ANOVA analysis, χ2 test, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship among these factors.ResultsMale, high‐falling injuries and single segment injury (mainly T 11, T 12 and L2) were common in patients with thoracolumbar fractures, especially in the blue‐collar worker group (70.8%, 78.3%, and 85.4%). Compared with the unemployed group, the patients in the white‐collar worker group and blue‐collar worker group had a higher proportion of young patients, a higher height and weight, a lesser rate of hypertension or diabetes. One week after injury, 73.4% of patients underwent surgery, with the blue‐collar worker group accounted for the largest proportion. One month after surgery, 77.1% of patients were able to get out of bed, with the white‐collar worker group accounted for the largest proportion. In the postoperative recovery information, patients in the blue‐collar worker group were more likely to have severe low back pain (OR = 2.023, 95% CI: 1.440‐2.284) and pain‐disturbed sleep (OR = 2.287, 95% CI: 1.585‐3.299) than those who in the unemployed group.ConclusionsBlue‐collar workers, with a high risk of thoracolumbar fracture, have a higher incidence of low back leg pain and pain‐disturbed sleep in the recovery after thoracolumbar fracture surgery, and this requires more attention.
Risk factors for periodontitis & peri‐implantitis
Authors: Darby Ivan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRisk is part of all health professions and generally indicates the chance of getting some form of illness. For dental practitioners this includes periodontitis or peri‐implantitis, the focus of this issue. Many risk factors are involved in the development of disease and most likely interact or overlap. Most patients will probably have multiple risk factors, some of which will be the same for both periodontitis and peri‐implantitis. The most recent classification of periodontal disease recognises the importance of risk factors and contemporary dental practice requires that clinicians be aware of and manage them. Broadly speaking risk factors can be patient, environment or practitioner related. Patient risk factors would include socio‐economic status, smoking, substance use disorders, diabetes, diet and dietary supplements, mental health disorders, old age, poor home dental care or understanding of the need for good home care and use of medications. Environmental modification of the host response through gene function is an emerging risk factor. Lastly, practitioner‐related factors in implant dentistry are now known to affect risk. These would include the use of digital technology, but patient related factors such implant location and the body’s reaction to an implant itself add to the risk of developing disease. This edition of Periodontology provides an uptodate review of many of these risk factors and their impact summarising current knowledge.
Periodontitis and implant complications in diabetes
Authors: Nibali Luigi , Gkranias Nikolaos , Mainas Giuseppe , Di Pino Antonino 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpidemiologic evidence indicates that periodontitis is more frequent in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls, suggesting that it could be considered the “sixth complication” of diabetes. Actually, diabetes mellitus and periodontitis are two extraordinarily prevalent chronic diseases that share a number of comorbidities all converging toward an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Periodontal treatment has recently been shown to have the potential to improve the metabolic control of diabetes, although long‐term studies are lacking. Uncontrolled diabetes also seems to affect the response to periodontal treatment, as well as the risk to develop peri‐implant diseases. Mechanisms of associations between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease include the release of advanced glycation end products as a result of hyperglycemia and a range of shared predisposing factors of genetic, microbial, and lifestyle nature. This review discusses the evidence for the risk of periodontal and peri‐implant disease in diabetic patients and the potential role of the dental professional in the diabetes‐periodontal interface.
Does implant location influence the risk of peri‐implantitis?
Authors: Moraschini Vittorio , Kischinhevsky Ingrid Chaves Cavalcante , Sartoretto Suelen Cristina , de Almeida Barros Mourão Carlos Fernando , Sculean Anton , Calasans‐Maia Monica Diuana , Shibli Jamil Awad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPeri‐implantitis is characterized by nonreversible and progressive loss of supporting bone and is associated with bleeding and/or suppuration on probing. Peri‐implant disease is considered as the main etiologic factor related to implant failure. Peri‐implant disease has a pathogenesis similar to that of periodontal disease, both being triggered by an inflammatory response to the biofilm accumulation. Although the prevalence of peri‐implantitis has been evaluated by several clinical studies with different follow‐ups, there are currently little data on the impact of implant location and the prevalence of peri‐implantitis. The aim of this review, therefore, was to summarize the evidence concerning the prevalence of peri‐implantitis in relation to implant location and associated risk predictors. Even though most studies evaluating the prevalence of peri‐implantitis in relation to implant location are cross‐sectional or retrospective, they suggest that the occurrence of peri‐implantitis is most prevalent in the anterior regions of the maxilla and mandible. Moreover, it seems that there is a higher prevalence of peri‐implantitis in the maxilla than in the mandible.
Prevalence and incidence of mental health issues amongst adults with diabetes at risk of foot complications in the European Union: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Williams Jennifer Kate , Collings Richard , Kent Bridie , Paton Joanne 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate and synthesize the evidence to establish the prevalence and incidence of mental health issues in people at risk of diabetic foot ulceration, living within the European Union.

Introduction:
Due to the large health and financial burden of diabetic foot ulceration, prevention is a key focus for clinicians and researchers. Current foot ulcer prevention strategies are directed at the assessment and management of physical pathologies and risk factors for diabetic foot ulceration. Psychological burden and risk factors are often overlooked. This review will determine the prevalence and incidence of mental health issues among adults with diabetes mellitus, who are at risk of foot ulceration. The review will focus on European Union countries.

Inclusion criteria:
Studies considered for inclusion will report on adults with a formal diagnosis of either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, who are at risk of foot ulceration and mental health issues. Studies will have been completed in the European Union.

Methods:
A search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and PsycINFO will be conducted for studies published or translatable into English. Unpublished and gray literature will be searched. Studies will be selected against the review inclusion/exclusion criteria, and selected studies will be critically appraised, with data extraction and synthesis completed using the relevant JBI systematic review tools.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42021260815
Non-pharmaceutical interventions and covid-19 burden in the United States: retrospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Ahlers Michael , Aralis Hilary , Tang Wilson , Sussman Jeremy B , Fonarow Gregg C , Ziaeian Boback 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the adoption and discontinuation of four broadly used non-pharmaceutical interventions on shifts in the covid-19 burden among US states.DesignRetrospective, observational cohort study.SettingUS state data on covid-19 between 19 January 2020 and 7 March 2021.ParticipantsUS population with a diagnosis of covid-19.Main outcome measuresEmpirically derived breakpoints in case and mortality velocities (ie, rate of change) were used to identify periods of stable, decreasing, or increasing covid-19 burden. Associations between adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions and subsequent decreases in case or death rates were estimated by use of generalised linear models accounting for weekly variability across US states. State level case and mortality counts per day were obtained from the Covid-19 Tracking Project. State level policies on non-pharmaceutical interventions included stay-at-home orders, indoor public gathering bans (mild >10 or severe ≤10 people), indoor restaurant dining bans, and public mask mandates. National policies were not included in statistical models.Results28 602 830 cases and 511 899 deaths were recorded during the study. Odds of a reduction in covid-19 case velocity increased for stay-at-home orders (odds ratio 2.02, 95% confidence interval 1.63 to 2.52), indoor dining bans (1.62, 1.25 to 2.10), public mask mandates (2.18, 1.47 to 3.23), and severe indoor public gathering bans (1.68, 1.31 to 2.16) in univariate analysis. In mutually adjusted models, odds remained elevated for orders to stay at home (adjusted odds ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval 1.04 to 2.07) and public mask mandates (2.27, 1.51 to 3.41). Stay-at-home orders (odds ratio 2.00, 95% confidence interval 1.53 to 2.62; adjusted odds ratio 1.89, 95% confidence interval 1.25 to 2.87) was also associated with a greater likelihood of decrease in death velocity in unadjusted and adjusted models.ConclusionsState level non-pharmaceutical interventions used in the US during the covid-19 pandemic, in particular stay-at-home orders, were associated with a decreased covid-19 burden.
Improving the annual monitoring rates of testosterone replacement therapy patients in primary care
Authors: Hassoun Omar , Starostka Matt , Shearer Heather , Millar Angela , Hassoun Salman , Isles Chris 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionTestosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is the treatment of choice for male hypogonadism. British Society for Sexual Medicine (BSSM) guidelines on adult testosterone deficiency recommend that TRT patients undergo annual monitoring of their testosterone levels and potential complications of treatment; though evidence suggests that substantial numbers of men on TRT are not monitored adequately.MethodsReview of the electronic patient record from a single general practice in southwest Scotland revealed that only 1 of 26 (4%) TRT patients had been monitored as per BSSM guidelines in the previous 12 months. Additionally, when monitoring was undertaken there was inconsistency in the blood tests requested. The use of quality improvement (QI) tools including process mapping and cause-and-effect diagram identified staff and patient knowledge of monitoring requirements and the lack of an effective recall system as areas for improvement. We tested three change ideas: the utilisation of an existing recall system for long-term therapies; a TRT Ordercomms blood group template (OBGT) to standardise monitoring; and a patient information leaflet (PIL) to improve patient education. The aim of this project was to achieve 60% annual monitoring rate.ResultsThe percentage of patients monitored for testosterone levels and potential TRT complications increased from 4% (1/26) to 65% (17/26) over a 7-week test period. The utilisation of the existing recall system was a particularly effective intervention, leading to an increase from 4% (1/26) to 31% (8/26) in the first 2 weeks.ConclusionThe use of QI tools was associated with over 60% of male TRT patients receiving comprehensive annual monitoring, as per BSSM guidelines. Our findings support the hypothesis that a patient recall system, combined with an OBGT and a PIL led to this increase.
Developing undergraduate autism education for medical students: a qualitative study
Authors: Dhuga Yasmin , Feeney Yvonne , Gallaher Laura , White Ann , Wright Juliet , Banerjee Sube , Daley Stephanie 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAutistic adults and children experience considerable health inequalities and have high rates of premature mortality, hospital admissions and emergency department visits. This is in part due to a lack of autism awareness in the healthcare and social care workforce. A new educational programme, Time for Autism (TfA), for medical students is being developed to address this challenge. This qualitative study was undertaken to support the development of the new programme in order to (1) understand the medical care experiences of parents of autistic children and (2) assess their views on the acceptability of the new TfA programme and willingness to be involved.MethodsA convenience sample of 11 parents of autistic children were recruited across the South of England. The ages of the autistic children ranged from 3 to 17 years. Semistructured interviews were completed between October and December 2019. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree key themes were identified: diagnosis, experiences of doctors and TfA considerations. There was support for and willingness to take part in a dedicated autism education programme for medical students, and constructive feedback to inform and improve its delivery.ConclusionThe findings from this study provide insights into the medical care experiences of parents/carers of autistic children. Understanding how parents/carers of autistic children would like medical care to be improved can be used to develop TfA and other autism programmes. Parental/carer support for the development of and involvement in an autism medical education programme enhances the feasibility of the new programme.
Synthetic Cannabinoids: A Pharmacological and Toxicological Overview
Authors: Roque-Bravo Rita , Silva Rafaela Sofia , Malheiro Rui F. , Carmo Helena , Carvalho Félix , da Silva Diana Dias , Silva João Pedro 
Published: August 2022

Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are a chemically diverse group of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) that target the endocannabinoid system, triggering a plethora of actions (e.g., elevated mood sensation, relaxation, appetite stimulation) that resemble, but are more intense than, those induced by cannabis. Although some of these effects have been explored for therapeutic applications, anticipated stronger psychoactive effects than cannabis and reduced risk perception have increased the recreational use of SCs, which have dominated the NPS market in the United States and Europe over the past decade. However, rising SC-related intoxications and deaths represent a major public health concern and embody a major challenge for policy makers.Here, we review the pharmacology and toxicology of SCs. A thorough characterization of SCs’ pharmacodynamics and toxicodynamics is important to better understand the main mechanisms underlying acute and chronic effects of SCs, interpret the clinical/pathological findings related to SC use, and improve SC risk awareness.
Sex Differences in Blood Pressure and Potential Implications for Cardiovascular Risk Management
Authors: Picone Dean S. , Stoneman Elif , Cremer Antoine , Schultz Martin G. , Otahal Petr , Hughes Alun D. , Black J. Andrew , Bos Willem Jan , Chen Chen-Huan , Cheng Hao-Min , Dwyer Nathan , Lacy Peter , Laugesen Esben , Liang Fuyou , Kim Hack-Lyoung , Ohte Nobuyuki , Okada Sho , Omboni Stefano , Ott Christian , Pereira Telmo , Pucci Giacomo , Rajani Ronak , Schmieder Roland , Sinha Manish D. , Stewart Ralph , Stouffer George A. , Takazawa Kenji , Wang Jiguang , Weber Thomas , Westerhof Berend E. , Williams Bryan , Yamada Hirotsugu , Sharman James E. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement is critical for optimal cardiovascular risk management. Age-related trajectories for cuff-measured BP accelerate faster in women compared with men, but whether cuff BP represents the intraarterial (invasive) aortic BP is unknown. This study aimed to determine the sex differences between cuff BP, invasive aortic BP, and the difference between the 2 measurements.

Methods:
Upper-arm cuff BP and invasive aortic BP were measured during coronary angiography in 1615 subjects from the Invasive Blood Pressure Consortium Database. This analysis comprised 22 different cuff BP devices from 28 studies.

Results:
Subjects were 64±11 years (range 40–89) and 32% women. For the same cuff systolic BP (SBP), invasive aortic SBP was 4.4 mm Hg higher in women compared with men. Cuff and invasive aortic SBP were higher in women compared with men, but the sex difference was more pronounced from invasive aortic SBP, was the lowest in younger ages, and the highest in older ages. Cuff diastolic blood pressure overestimated invasive diastolic blood pressure in both sexes. For cuff and invasive diastolic blood pressure separately, there were sex*age interactions in which diastolic blood pressure was higher in younger men and lower in older men, compared with women. Cuff pulse pressure underestimated invasive aortic pulse pressure in excess of 10 mm Hg for both sexes in older age.

Conclusions:
For the same cuff SBP, invasive aortic SBP was higher in women compared with men. How this translates to cardiovascular risk prediction needs to be determined, but women may be at higher BP-related risk than estimated by cuff measurements.
Text-based NP Enrichment
Authors: Elazar Yanai , Basmov* Victoria , Goldberg Yoav , Tsarfaty Reut 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Understanding the relations between entities denoted by NPs in a text is a critical part of human-like natural language understanding. However, only a fraction of such relations is covered by standard NLP tasks and benchmarks nowadays. In this work, we propose a novel task termed text-based NP enrichment (TNE), in which we aim to enrich each NP in a text with all the preposition-mediated relations—either explicit or implicit—that hold between it and other NPs in the text. The relations are represented as triplets, each denoted by two NPs related via a preposition. Humans recover such relations seamlessly, while current state-of-the-art models struggle with them due to the implicit nature of the problem. We build the first large-scale dataset for the problem, provide the formal framing and scope of annotation, analyze the data, and report the results of fine-tuned language models on the task, demonstrating the challenge it poses to current technology. A webpage with a data-exploration UI, a demo, and links to the code, models, and leaderboard, to foster further research into this challenging problem can be found at: yanaiela.github.io/TNE/.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in the Heart of the SDG Agenda
Authors: Yingi Edwin , Hlungwani Promise M. , Nyagadza Brighton 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The world has reached the threshold of an absolute overhaul and reconfiguration of society and workplaces. The transformation is being caused by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is changing every facet of life, including education. The revolution is epitomised by breakthroughs in fields such as artificial intelligence, robotics, biotechnology and quantum computing, among others. This comes at a time when the United Nations has conceived the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG s) under Agenda 2030. The convergence of SDG s and 4IR cannot be overemphasised. The implementation of 4IR technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), learning analytics and the Internet of Things, promotes inclusive, equitable and quality education that is in sync with SDG 4. Zimbabwe’s updated curriculum for 2015 to 2022 has emphasised ICT and learner-centred learning in the expectation that this transformation in the education sector will create competent, problem-solving and critical thinkers with the zeal to modernise society.
The Past, Present and Future of Pastoralists and the Pastoral Commons in the Sahel
Authors: Jyothi Asha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The paper begins with popular narratives on climate change and food insecurity in the Sahel, painting a brief history of how pastoralists and their lifestyles have been understood by external scholars dealing with the theme of natural resource commons. This leads into a deeper analysis of multiple understandings of the productive political potential of the common/s as articulated by economists, historians and academics, and an exploration of the implications of these theories for the Sahel. This includes various government policies managing the commons, ranging from open-access to ranch-based systems, and the privatisation or exploitation of the commons by capitalist actors. The paper further explores three design principles, namely, mobility, inclusion and conflict mediation, for better governance in the region, and ends with a note of caution against the green-washed pursuit of growth rates, tempered by a note of hope in the figure of the vigilant and empowered pastoralist.
Dialogical humour in evening service encounters in the hospitality industry in Seville, Spain
Authors: Cruz Manuel Padilla 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Given that humour greatly impacts customer satisfaction and loyalty, this paper explores the dialogical forms of humour occurring in evening service encounters. It reports on a study focusing on interactions between baristas and customers. The latter belong to two groups: university students in their late teens and twenties, and regulars over forty years old. The establishments selected for the study are small cafes and small tapas bars in Seville. The study is based on unobtrusive observation and field notes, as humour authenticity depends on naturalness and spontaneity. Although the interlocutors engaged in the encounters made use of dialogical forms of humour in order to achieve similar interactional goals, the results of the study reveal variation in terms of the quantity and categories of comical tokens. A series of individual and external factors explain this variation.