bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embodied carbon emission of building materials in Southwest China: Analysis based on Tapio decoupling and LMDI decomposition
Authors: Wu Lilin , Wang Minxi , Cheng Jingyu , Li Xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With the rapid development of urbanization, many housing constructions are being built in southwest China, which resulted in tremendous use of building materials, posing a potential threat to the environment. In order to formulate policies for low-carbon, green and sustainable development of buildings, it is necessary to explore the driving factors behind it. Taking the bottom-up material flow analysis as a framework, this research calculates the embodied carbon emissions of buildings on the basis of quantifying the stock of building materials in Southwest China from 2001 to 2020 and adopts the Logarithmic mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition analysis method to investigate the contribution of factors such as technological level, economic structure, per capita GDP and population density to the embodied carbon emissions of buildings. The research shows that: (1) The total embodied carbon emissions of building materials in Southwest China increased by 218.62%, of steel and cement contributed the most of carbon emissions. (2) In the past 20 years, the degree of decoupling in Southwest China has fluctuated greatly. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the provinces and cities in southwest China have an enormous degree of decoupling: Yunnan (-0.141) > Guizhou (-0.013) > Chongqing (0.047) > Tibet (0.120) > Sichuan (0.256). (3) The technological level is the first leading factor in the reduction of the embodied carbon emissions of buildings in southwest China, and the per capita GDP is the key factor to promote the growth of embodied carbon emissions. These findings could serve as a foundation for Southwest China's government to develop low-carbon building policies.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: What Has Changed in Common Home Accidents such as Foreign Bodies and Corrosive Injuries?
Authors: Balcı Özlem , Karaman Ayşe , Karımlı Baradar , Çağlar Özgür , Aksoy Nail , Tok Ayşegül , Karacan Can Demir , Özgüner İsmet Faruk , Karaman İbrahim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 Pandemic greatly affected our lives in all areas. Due to the social isolation policies implemented during this period, the majority of parents and all school-age children spent their lives at home. This study aims to investigate the effects of pandemic and isolation on home accidents treated in our center.Methods: Foreign body ingestion (G.FB), foreign body aspiration (R.FB), and corrosive substance ingestion (CS) cases admitted to our hospital between March 11, 2019 and March 10, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data, type and cause of home accidents, the time of the accident and the admission to the hospital, the location of the foreign body, the time of exit were recorded and collected. The patients were divided into two groups pre-pandemic period (11 March 2019-10 March 2020) and the COVID pandemic period (11 March 2020-10 March 2021), and the data were evaluated in two groups as <6 years old and 6-18 years old.Results: During the two years, a total of 982 patients were admitted to our hospital for G.FB, R.FB, or CS. Four hundred and eighty-three of them (49.2%) were in the pre-pandemic period and 499 (50.8%) were in the pandemic period (p=0.206). The mean age of the patients was 3.63±3.32 years; 82.4% of the patients in the pre-pandemic group and 85.4% of the patients in the pandemic group were children <6 years old. While the F/M ratio was 1/1.5 during the pre-pandemic period, it was 1/1.1 during the pandemic period. Of the cases, 73.3% were G.FB, 4.6% were R.FB, and 22.1% were CS. Almost half of the accidents occurred between the hours of 16 and 24. During the pandemic period, the accidents increased to occur between 0-8 am in children <6 years old, and between 8 am-4 pm in children 6-18 years old (p=0.003). All of the home accidents in the 6-18 age group between 0-8 o'clock were girls (p<0.0001). During the pandemic period, the frequency of button batteries and food products increased in G.FB. And also the frequency of R.FB increased significantly (p=0.006) and the most common R.FB was the food products. The frequency of CS increased in girls during the pandemic period, and CSs were brought to the hospital in a shorter time after the accident during the pandemic period (p=0.007).Conclusions: It can be thought that the main reason why home accidents are common in the 0-6 age group is due to the developmental characteristics of the child rather than the longer time spent at home. Pandemic and isolation increase the frequency of foreign body aspirations and home accidents in girls.
Does Shape Matter? A comparative study of the usage of calibrated sieves in the study of archaeological and forensic human cremains
Authors: Budziszewski Adam 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the set of calibrated sieves became a crucial part of the methodology in the study of human cremains both in archaeology and forensic contexts. Especially in the studies over burned human remains from the British Isles, the standardized set of three calibrated sieves (>10mm, >5mm, >2mm) are used. This ubiquity is an effect of the methodology proposed by Jacqueline McKinley (1993; 1994). In terms of analytical transparency, the diameters of the mesh openings are commonly reported (not clear). However, the description of their shape is almost always omitted. The impact of the shape has been tested by repeating a series of sieving of archaeological human cremains by two sets of calibrated sieves. The first set had round-shaped openings, while the second had a quadrate. In addition, the intra-observer error was calculated to observe the significance of the differences between the tested sets of sieves. The results demonstrate statistically significant differences, which were visibly more statistically significant (p-value and t-value) compared to the intra-observer error. The diagonal of square-shaped mesh openings has been proposed as the most probable factor causing differentiation. In conclusion, the shape of mesh openings might have a significant impact on the results obtained in the studies using the calibrated sieves in the analytical protocol. Due to that, crucial information about the shape of mesh openings should be included in the methods sections along with the specification of the apparatus and diameter of mesh openings.
Mesoporous silica-coated silver nanoparticles as ciprofloxacin and siRNA co-delivery multifunctional platform for accelerated infected wound healing
Authors: Liu Qiqi , Zhang Ying , Huang Jingkai , Xu Zhourui , Li Xiang , Yang Jingyu , Huang Haoqiang , Tang Shiqi , Chai Yujuan , Lin Jinbo , Yang Chengbin , Liu Jia , Lin Suxia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The colonization of bacterial pathogens is a major concern in wound infection and becoming a public health issue. Herein, a core-shell structured Ag@MSN (silver core embedded with mesoporous silica, AM)-based nanoplatform was elaborately fabricated to co-load ciprofloxacin (CFL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) small interfering RNA (siTNF-α) (AMPC@siTNF-α) for treating the bacterial-infected wound. The growth of bacterial pathogens was mostly inhibited by released silver ions (Ag+) and CFL from AMPC@siTNF-α. Meanwhile, the loaded siTNF-α was internalized by macrophage cells, which silenced the expression of TNF-α (a pro-inflammatory cytokine) in macrophage cells and accelerated the wound healing process by reducing inflammation response. In the in vivo wound model, the Escherichia coli (E. coli)-infected wound in mice almost completely disappeared after treatment with AMPC@siTNF-α, and no suppuration symptom was observed during the course of the treatment. Importantly, this nanoplatform had negligible side effects both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, this study strongly demonstrates the promising potential of AMPC@siTNF-α as a synergistic therapeutic agent for clinical wound infections.
Geomagnetic Superchron: Consequence of Supercontinent’s Breakup or Assembly
Authors: zhong Fu ping , Guo Feng , Liu Cao , Abdurahman Ahmatjan , Wang Yun Fei , Chen Xiao Zhuan , Yang Xue Feng , Li Dong Hui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It remains enigmatic why the geomagnetic polarity is frequently reversed and how geomagnetic superchrons were formed during Earth’s evolution. Here we establish a physical model to decipher the relationship among geomagnetic superchron, subducted slab and superplume. During the supercontinent’s breakup or assembly, the subducted slabs concentratively arrive at the core-mantle boundary (CMB) and form “collective graveyards”, leading to increase of radial temperature gradient of CMB. The energy accumulation by the radioactive elements and fertile components from the subducted slab facilitate the subsequent superplume activity which consumes tremendous heat supply from the outer core. The combined results of subducted slabs and superplume activity keep long-term heat supply from the liquid outer core to the “collective graveyard” and the unchanged direction of resultant velocity of the fluid across the outer core, thereby forming a geomagnetic superchron. Our results reveal that a geomagnetic superchron lags supercontinent’s assembly or breakup by 163-239 Myr.
Topology optimization-driven design of added rib architecture system for enhanced free vibration response of thin-wall plastic components used in the automotive industry
Authors: Remigio-Reyes Joel Omar , Olvera Isaías Emmanuel Garduño , Rojas-García José Manuel , Arcos_Gutiérrez Hugo , Ortigosa Rogelio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We are witnessing a relentless paradigm switch in the automotive industry, where traditional combustion engines are being progressively replaced with electric counterparts. In order to compensate for heavy electric engine technology, the plastic components usage in the interior parts of electric vehicles seems to be a reasonable strategy aligned with the lightweight trend as automotive industry top priority. Extremely thin plastic components (ultra-lightweight) attached to ribs-based architectures have been identified as an adequate solution offering a good balance between lightweight and structural/vibrational response of the overall composition. Still, they may yield detrimental features regarding thermal-induced deformations (i.e., warpage and shrinkage) associated with the typical mold injection process for their manufacturing. This paper aims to make use of topology optimization (TO) to determine the precise location of the added rib architecture system for enhanced vibration response of the overall plastic component (thin original plastic part and ribs architecture). Following a constant mass criteria, the topology optimization-driven design of the additional material is replaced with a more convenient ribs-based architecture component, showing a reasonable similarity from vibration standpoint. At a postprocessing stage, the design is analyzed subjected to typical static loading cases, to verify its stiffness properties. Finally, a warpage and shrinkage analysis of the design is carried out, verifying that the final design is not adversely affected according to standard considerations.
Tax Reform and Tax Revenue Collection Performance in Ethiopia (From 2005 to 2013 EFY)
Authors: Mengstu Moges 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study evaluates the relationship between different revenue sources on generated tax revenue proxy by the federally collected tax revenue. To carry out this exercise, quarterly time-series data for the years (2005–2013 EFY) was employed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tax policy reforms on revenue. The analysis showed that the reform of the tax policy since the 2009 fiscal year has not had a positive impact on tax revenue. The tax authority's eight-year tax collection efficiency was assessed by the tax buoyancy, which was 0.76 percent between 2005 and 2012, the tax buoyancy rate was 0.9 before the tax policy reform, and 0.6 after the reform. This shows that tax collection is low after the policy reform and that the tax policy reform has an impact on revenue collection. The regression result showed that reform in Value Added tax and Excise tax has a significant positive effect on revenue collection within the period under review. While reform in non-tax recorded a negative and insignificant effect on revenue collection. The Johansen cointegration test showed that a long-run meaningful relationship exists between tax reform and revenue collection (TR) in Ethiopia.
Long-term outcomes of CO2 laser cauterization for 238 children congenital pyriform sinus fistula
Authors: Long Ting , Liu Yuwei , Tai Jun , Zhang Jie , Li Yanzhen , Zhang Xuexi , Liu Zhiyong , Liu Qiaoyin , Sun Nian , Ge Wentong , Liu Yuanhu , Guo Yongli , Wang Shengcai , Ni Xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of single CO2 laser cauterization management for children CPSF, we collected patients underwent CO2 laser cauterization for internal fistula and accessed the long-term outcomes.Methods: Retrospective and single-center study was conducted. Microlaryngoscopy management of CO2 laser cauterization was implemented to children with CPSF to the end point as internal fistula completely closed through one or several procedures. After the standard therapeutic strategy, all patients received return visits at regular interval. Here we tested and summarized the predicting factors for effect modification and the medium and long-term outcomes. Results: We totally enrolled 238 patients cured by once or several operations of CO2 laser cauterization, with 149 (62.6%) needed one operation. The median follow-up time was 3.45 ± 1.37 years (ranging from 1.04 to 6.38 years). There were only 3 (1.26%) patients got relapse of neck infection. Throughout, none patients suffered permanent complications. We also found that the age at the first operation of CO2 laser cauterization was proved to be an independent risk factor associated with the operation frequency, in contrast to the previous therapeutic measures such as open neck surgery or incision and drainage. Conclusions: Our study found that the therapeutic strategy of CO2 laser cauterization for children CPSF showed low recurrence rate and few complications. Additionally, it suggested that the CO2 laser cauterization could be implemented to children once diagnosis confirmed without age limit. These confirm that the single CO2 laser cauterization can be a preferred first-line treatment option for children CPSF.Level of Evidence: Ⅲ
A Study on Microbe-Metal interaction: Aluminium Alloy (6061) and Bacillus sp in simulated Marine environment
Authors: Ghosal Joydeep , M Lavanya , S Divyashree M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The metals affect the growth of microorganisms and their activity. Microbes use different mechanisms to interact with metal and metalloids present in the environment. Few trace elements are required for their metabolism and absorb these metal ions present in natural and synthetic environment. Some of the metal play important role in physiological functions of organism but if it is in excess may cause toxic. But few metal doesn’t have any significant role in organism’s metabolism, but still microbes interact with them. Electrochemical and chemical interactions cause the gradual decaying of metals’ exteriors and interiors. Metal degrades with the action of microorganisms. Microbial corrosion is a special type of metal corrosion in which microbes act on such metals where it does not have any intrinsic function. In present article interaction of Aluminioum Alloy (AA) 6061 with Bacillus sp in 3.5% NaCl (W/V) solution has been reported. The interaction study was performed under static and dynamic conditions for 4 weeks and 2 weeks respectively. Weight loss of the metal coupons was performed regularly. Microbial load in both conditions were checked by doing viability cell count to ensure metal toxicity. Scanning Electron Microscope observation was done for biofilm formation on metal coupons.
Essential and non-essential elements in lettuce produced on a rooftop urban garden in São Paulo metropolitan region (Brazil) and assessment of human health risks
Authors: Sussa Fábio Vitório , Furlan Marcos Roberto , Victorino Marcos , Figueira Rubens Cesar Lopes , Silva Paulo Sergio Cardoso 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Urban agriculture is considered an important solution to food security. Rooftops are a new addition to possible places to grow vegetables due to urban land being limited and expensive. However, urban agriculture can be a risk in the case that vegetables are contaminated with heavy metals via atmospheric deposition because of traffic emissions. Among the vegetables, lettuce stands out as one of the most popular in Brazilian food and it is a very important vegetable for the human diet, but its consumption is the most common route for human exposure to toxic metals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the essential and non-essential elements in lettuce cultivated on a rooftop urban garden developed by Agronomy College within the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. In addition, to assess the human health risks associated with the potentially toxic metals based on the estimated daily intake (EDI) and the target hazard quotient (THQ), and to access the possible sources of heavy metal contamination by multivariate statistical. Instrumental neutron activation analysis, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry were applied to determine the elemental concentration in lettuce leaves. This study demonstrated that lettuces grown on a rooftop are sources of essential macronutrients such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium and have lower concentrations of trace elements. The Cd, Cu, and Pb concentrations did not exceed the Brazilian legislation limit. The Ba, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb presented low levels compared to oral reference dose (RfD). The results of the cluster analysis showed that Ni, Cr, Co, and Pb may be associated to vehicles emissions. Both EDI and THQ values suggested minimal risk upon consumption of lettuce.
Tailoring and optimizing fatty acid production by oleaginous yeasts through the systematic exploration of their physiological fitness
Authors: Duman-Özdamar Zeynep Efsun , Santos Vitor A.P. Martins dos , Hugenholtz Jeroen , Suarez-Diez Maria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The use of palm oil for our current needs is unsustainable. Replacing palm oil with oils produced by microbes through the conversion of sustainable feedstocks is a promising alternative. However, there are major technical challenges that must be overcome to enable this transition. Foremost among these challenges is the stark increase in lipid accumulation and production of higher content of specific fatty acids. Therefore, there is a need for more in-depth knowledge and systematic exploration of the oil productivity of the oleaginous yeasts. In this study, we cultivated Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus and Yarrowia lipolytica at various C/N ratios and temperatures in a defined medium with glycerol as carbon source and urea as nitrogen source. We ascertained the synergistic effect between various C/N ratios of a defined medium at different temperatures with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and explored the variation in fatty acid composition through Principal Component Analysis.Results: By applying RSM, we determined a temperature of 30 °C and a C/N ratio of 175 g/g to enable maximal oil production by C. oleaginosus and a temperature of 21 °C and a C/N ratio of 140 g/g for Y. lipolytica. We increased production by 71 % and 66 % respectively for each yeast compared to the average lipid accumulation in all tested conditions. Modulating temperature enabled us to steer the fatty acid compositions. Accordingly, switching from higher temperature to lower cultivation temperature shifted the production of oils from more saturated to unsaturated by 14 % in C. oleaginosus and 31 % in Y. lipolytica. Higher cultivation temperatures resulted in production of even longer saturated fatty acids, 3 % in C. oleaginosus and 1.5 % in Y. lipolytica.Conclusions: In this study, we provided the optimum C/N ratio and temperature for C. oleaginosus and Y. lipolytica by RSM. Additionally, we demonstrated that lipid accumulation of both oleaginous yeasts was significantly affected by the C/N ratio and temperature. Furthermore, we systematically analyzed the variation in fatty acids composition and proved that changing the C/N ratio and temperature steer the composition. We have further established these oleaginous yeasts as platforms for production of tailored fatty acids.
Impact of high-risk of obstructive sleep apnea on chronic cough: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Kim Tae Hoon , Heo I Re , Kim Ho Cheol 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic cough is an extremely common clinical symptom of various diseases. However, the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic cough in the general population has not been sufficiently studied.Methods: Using the 2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, we identified a group at high-risk of OSA via the STOP-Bang questionnaire and determined the association between OSA and chronic cough by a regression model.Results: Of the eligible 4,217 participants, 97.1% and 2.9% were classified into the non-chronic cough and chronic cough groups, respectively. The chronic cough group had higher STOP-Bang scores than those of the group without chronic cough (2.32 ± 1.38 vs. 2.80 ± 1.39; P<0.001). In the group at high-risk of OSA, 40.4% and 52.0% of participants scored ≥ 3 in STOP-Bang, depending on the absence or presence of chronic cough (P=0.012), respectively. Chronic cough independently correlated with impaired lung function (forced expiratory volume in one second ≥50–<80% predicted value, P=0.001; <50, P<0.001), low household income (P=0.015), and a group at high-risk of OSA (STOP-Bang score 3–4, P=0.004; 5–8, P<0.001). Obesity I had a protective role against the occurrence of chronic cough (P=0.023).Conclusion: A high-risk for OSA is a significant risk factor for chronic cough. OSA should be considered when evaluating chronic cough patients.
Meta-relationship for Course Recommendation in MOOCs
Authors: Hao Pengyi , Li Yali , Bai Cong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Course recommendations are used to help students with different needs to choose courses. However, students’ needs are not always determined by their personal interests, they are also influenced by different curriculum settings, different teacher teams and other factors. Current course recommendation methods lack the consideration of complex relational semantic information that affects students’ needs, resulting in unsatisfied recommendation. To address this issue, we propose Meta-Relationship Course Recommendation (MRCRec) to enrich the expression of relational information. Focusing on complex semantic information of multi-entity relationship and entity association, we construct creatively the multi-entity relational self-symmetric meta-path (MSMP) and associative relational self-symmetric meta-graph (ASMG), which are referred as meta-relationship (MR). We also design an algorithm of meta-relationship correlation measure (MRCor) to obtain semantic correlational information. Then we adopt the graph embedding to mine and fuse the latent representations of users and that of courses as user preference and course characteristic respectively. Finally, we optimize matrix factorization to complete recommended task. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on the MOOCCube dataset and the results show that MRCRec can effectively recommend courses for users.