bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disagreement between hedge funds and other institutional investors and the cross‐section of expected stock returns
Authors: Caglayan Mustafa O. , Celiker Umut , Sonaer Gokhan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe find strong disagreements between hedge funds and other institutions in their common stock trades are twice as likely as agreements. Overall success of hedge funds’ trades and poor performance of non‐hedge funds’ trades are both confined to disagreement stocks. Although hedge funds are commonly positive feedback traders, they are neither positive nor negative feedback traders for stocks heavily sold by other institutions. Hedge funds also depend less on earnings news. Our findings highlight the importance of disagreement in studying the performance of institutional investors’ trades and are consistent with the notion that skilled investors rely less on public information.
Hearing loss, depression and social participation of older adults: Evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study
Authors: Wang Zengwen , Chen Deshan , Pan Tianyi , Chen Chen , Guan Liding 
Published: June 2022

AimHearing loss and depression in older adults are associated with a lower social participation rate. However, few studies have thoroughly analyzed the relationship between them.MethodsThe data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study carried out in 2011, 2013 and 2015, and data from 24 306 participants ranging in age from 50 to 80 years were used in this study. Hearing loss, depression and social participation were assessed by self‐reported hearing status, the 10‐item Center for the Epidemiological Studies of Depression Short Form, and self‐reported social participation activity types and frequency. The fixed effects logistic regression and random effects logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between hearing loss and social participation. The Sobel method was used to explore the relationship between hearing loss, depression and social participation.ResultsCompared with older adults without hearing loss, persons with hearing loss engaged in significantly fewer types of activities (β = −0.070, 95% CI −0.109, −0.031, P < 0.001) and at a lower frequency (β = −0.176, 95% CI −0.260, −0.093, P < 0.001). Depression significantly existed in the relationship between hearing loss and social participation as a mediating variable, and the percentage of indirect effects in this relationship were 16.5% and 20.8%.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that when facing an aging society, improving the hearing status of older adults should be considered by policymakers. More efforts should be made to help older adults cope with depression. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 529–535.
Escaping the “devil's trap”: Exploring the role of online social support for fintech lending's over‐indebted Indonesian customers
Authors: Herdiansyah Mohamad Fiky , Himawan Karel Karsten 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFintech lending practices have been overgrowing in recent years, but they have also caused a persistent problem of customer over‐indebtedness, including in Indonesia. Debt‐ridden fintech lending customers experience stress constantly thinking about their debt burden and intimidating collection pressures. Social support is known to play an essential role in assisting individuals in coping with pressures. However, studies around this issue are still minimal. This study explores online social support dynamics through a WhatsApp group created for heavily in debt Indonesian fintech loan customers. Twelve customers and one online group staff participated and were interviewed. The study results were organised under three themes of dynamics: emotional support, information support, and interaction support in an online context, where generally, social support facilitated through the WhatsApp group tended to have a positive effect on the customers. Respondents admitted feeling more empowered to solve their debt problems than before joining the group. This study makes an important contribution, particularly in demonstrating the role of online‐based social support in the context of stress due to over‐indebtedness from an Asian perspective, which opportunities for use are increasing.
miR‐203 represses keratinocyte stemness by targeting survivin
Authors: Labarrade Florian , Botto Jean‐Marie , Imbert Isabelle Marie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe epidermis possesses the capacity to replace dying cells and to heal wounds, thanks to resident stem cells, which have self‐renewal properties. In skin physiology, miRNAs have been shown to be involved in many processes, including skin and hair morphogenesis. Recently, differentiation of epidermal stem cells was shown to be promoted by the miR‐203. The miR‐203 is upregulated during epidermal differentiation and is of interest because of significant targets.MethodsBy utilizing a bioinformatic tool, we identified a target site for miR‐203 in the survivin mRNA. Silencing miR‐203 was managed with the use of antagomir; the silencing of survivin was performed with a siRNA. Survivin expression was determined by qPCR or immunofluorescence in cultured cells, and by immunohistochemistry in skin sections. Involucrin expression was used as marker of keratinocyte differentiation. A rice extract with previously demonstrated anti‐aging properties was evaluated on miR‐203 modulation.ResultsIn this study, we identified a miR‐203/survivin axis, important for epidermal homeostasis. We report that differentiation of keratinocyte is dependent on the level of miR‐203 expression and that inhibition of miR‐203 can increase the expression of survivin, an epidermal marker of stemness.ConclusionIn summary, our findings suggest that miR‐203 target 3′UTR region of survivin mRNA and directly represses survivin expression in the epidermis. The rice extract was identified as modulator of miR‐203 and pointed out as a promising microRNA‐based strategy in treating skin changes occurring with aging.
Prehospital nursing students' experiences of patient safety culture in emergency medical services—A qualitative study
Authors: Venesoja Anu , Lindström Veronica , Castrén Maaret , Tella Susanna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo describe prehospital nursing students' experiences of patient safety culture in emergency medical services during their internship.BackgroundPatient safety culture in the emergency medical services is a complex phenomenon including more than organisational policies and practices and professionals' technical skills.DesignThe descriptive qualitative approach used the Sharing Learning from Practice to improve Patient Safety Learning Event Recording Tool, which includes both open‐ended and structured questions.MethodsPurposeful sampling was used, and data were collected from graduating prehospital nursing students (n = 17) from three Finnish Universities of Applied Sciences. Open‐ended questions were reviewed using thematic analysis, and frequencies and percentages were derived from structured questions. COREQ guidelines were used to guide this study.ResultsFour themes were identified during the thematic analysis: environmental and other unexpected factors in emergency medical services, working practices and professionalism in emergency medical services, teamwork in emergency medical services and feelings related to patient safety events in emergency medical services. Patient safety events described by students were seldom reported in the healthcare system or patient files. According to the students, such events were most likely related to communication, checking/verification and/or teamwork.ConclusionsThis study shows that prehospital nursing students can produce important information about patient safety events and the reasons that contributed to those events. Therefore, emergency medical services organisations and managers should use students' observations to develop a patient safety culture in emergency medical services.Relevance to clinical practiceUnderstanding how prehospital nursing students have experienced patient safety culture during their internships on ambulances can support educational institutions, together with emergency medical services organisations and managers, to improve policies for students to express patient safety concerns as well as patient safety successes.
LiCl‐induced immunomodulatory periodontal regeneration via the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Zheng Xiumei , Wang Shengfang , Xiao Lan , Han Pingping , Xie Kunke , Ivanovski Saso , Xiao Yin , Zhou Yinghong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that excessive inflammation hampers the regenerative capacity of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and that activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway is crucial in suppressing immune dysregulation.ObjectiveThis study aimed to establish the role of the Wnt/β‐catenin in regulating the immune microenvironment and its subsequent impact on periodontal regeneration.MethodsLithium chloride (LiCl, Wnt activator) was administered daily into the standard periodontal defects created in 12‐week‐old Lewis rats. Harvested at 1‐week and 2‐week post‐surgery, samples were then subjected to histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of macrophage distribution and phenotype (pro‐inflammatory M1 and anti‐inflammatory M2). A murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, was stimulated with LiCl to activate Wnt/β‐catenin. Following treatment with the conditioned medium derived from the LiCl‐activated macrophages, the expression of bone‐ and cementum‐related markers of the PDLCs was determined. The involvement of Wnt/β‐catenin in the immunoregulation and autophagic activity was further investigated with the addition of cardamonin, a commercially available Wnt inhibitor.ResultsA significantly increased number of macrophages were detected around the defects during early healing upon receiving the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling cue. The defect sites in week 2 exhibited fewer M1 and more M2 macrophages along with an enhanced regeneration of alveolar bone and cementum in the Wnt/β‐catenin activation group. LiCl‐induced immunomodulatory effect was accompanied with the activation Wnt/β‐catenin signaling, which was suppressed in the presence of Wnt inhibitor. Exposure to LiCl could induce autophagy in a dose‐dependent manner, thus maintaining macrophages in a regulatory state. The expression level of bone‐ and cementum‐related markers was significantly elevated in PDLCs stimulated with LiCl‐activated macrophages.ConclusionThe application of Wnt activator LiCl facilitates the recruitment of macrophages to defect sites and regulates their phenotypic switching in favor of periodontal regeneration. Suppression of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway could attenuate the LiCl‐induced immunomodulatory effect. Taken together, the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway may be targeted for therapeutic interventions in periodontal diseases.
Effect of potato spindle tuber viroid variants and infection stage on seed transmission through pollen
Authors: Yanagisawa H. , Matsushita Y. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Viroids are small, proteinless single-stranded circular RNAs. In plants, they can be transmitted via infected pollen and seeds. The effectiveness of viroid transmission through pollen depends on both the viroid and host species. It is, however, unclear whether viroid variant type or infection stage influences seed transmission through pollen. In the present study, we collected pollen from petunia infected with nine different variants of the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) at various stages after inoculation and used the material to pollinate healthy plants. Five and eight PSTVd variants were transmitted by pollen at 3 and 6 mpi respectively. All variants were pollen-transmissible at 9 mpi. The foregoing results indicated that seed transmission of PSTVd through pollen collected from infected donor plants may depend on the time elapsed since inoculation. For variant no. EU862231, however, the rate of seed transmission via pollen may depend on the pollen viroid titre. Nevertheless, there was no apparent correlation between the transmission rate and the pollen viroid titre in the U23058 or V01465 variant. Hence, the relationship between the viroid transmission rate and the pollen viroid titre may depend on the viroid variant type.
Window seals as a source of yeast contamination
Authors: Ejdys E. , Kulesza K. , Wiśniewski P. , Pajewska M.S. , Sucharzewska E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The study aimed to assess the taxonomic diversity of fungi isolated from window seals and analyse their ecophysiological properties, understood as a description of morphological and biochemical features, creating a biofilm, growth rate on model mediums with different water activity. The study material was swabs collected from the lower window seals in 28 bedrooms and five kitchens in temperate climate zone, taken during heating season. A total of 26 fungal isolates were obtained: 20 isolates from eight species on the bedroom and six out of four species on the kitchen. The chance of fungus occurrence on kitchen seals is almost twice as high as in the bedroom, while the expected species diversity is nearly six times higher in the bedroom than on kitchen windows. The low-carbohydrate environment with variable physical parameters promoted nonfermenting vitamin prototrophs with high adhesion abilities. The only species that can use nutrients derived from plasticizers of window seals were Aureobasidium pullulans. The presence of potentially pathogenic species on window seals is disturbing. All obtained fungi showed the ability to create a biofilm and produce dyes. Many isolates with dye on seals are related to the rooms’ biota diversity. Their presence on windows should be constantly monitored.
Pathways linked to unresolved inflammation and airway remodelling characterize the transcriptome in two independent severe asthma cohorts
Authors: Sánchez‐Ovando Stephany , Pavlidis Stelios , Kermani Nazanin Zounemat , Baines Katherine Joanne , Barker Daniel , Gibson Peter G. , Wood Lisa G. , Adcock Ian M. , Chung Kian Fan , Simpson Jodie Louise , Wark Peter A.B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveSevere asthma (SA) is a heterogeneous disease. Transcriptomic analysis contributes to the understanding of pathogenesis necessary for developing new therapies. We sought to identify and validate mechanistic pathways of SA across two independent cohorts.MethodsTranscriptomic profiles from U‐BIOPRED and Australian NOVocastrian Asthma cohorts were examined and grouped into SA, mild/moderate asthma (MMA) and healthy controls (HCs). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), canonical pathways and gene sets were identified as central to SA mechanisms if they were significant across both cohorts in either endobronchial biopsies or induced sputum.ResultsThirty‐six DEGs and four pathways were shared across cohorts linking to tissue remodelling/repair in biopsies of SA patients, including SUMOylation, NRF2 pathway and oxidative stress pathways. MMA presented a similar profile to HCs. Induced sputum demonstrated IL18R1 as a shared DEG in SA compared with healthy subjects. We identified enrichment of gene sets related to corticosteroid treatment; immune‐related mechanisms; activation of CD4+ T cells, mast cells and IL18R1; and airway remodelling in SA.ConclusionOur results identified differentially expressed pathways that highlight the role of CD4+ T cells, mast cells and pathways linked to ongoing airway remodelling, such as IL18R1, SUMOylation and NRF2 pathways, as likely active mechanisms in the pathogenesis of SA.
Unemployment only temporarily lowers happiness in an eastern society
Authors: Tao Hung‐Lin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing longitudinal data from the Taiwan Panel Study of Family Dynamics between 2007 and 2020, this study investigates how subjective well‐being (SWB) changes before, during, and after unemployment. Consistent with extant findings from Western populations, unemployment significantly lowered SWB. Moreover, the anticipation effect was observed—that is, SWB began to decline years before unemployment. The change pattern in SWB before unemployment in Taiwan is similar to that in Western countries. In addition, men's SWB is more responsive to unemployment than women's. However, SWB declined due to unemployment to a smaller degree in Taiwan than in Western populations. More importantly, in contrast to the findings from Western countries, Taiwanese people's SWB quickly recovered to the baseline after reemployment. Thus, unemployment does not permanently harm Taiwanese people's SWB. Similarly, the self‐esteem of unemployed Taiwanese also quickly recovered after reemployment. This study, therefore, argues that the impact of unemployment on SWB is culturally dependent.
Profesores principiantes: estrategias para establecer una relación de autoridad pedagógica
Authors: Cox-Vial María del Pilar , Sabat-Donoso Gisele Belén , Zamora-Poblete Guillermo , Meza-Pardo Marisa 
Published: June 2022

Construir una relación de autoridad pedagógica efectiva es un desafío permanente para los docentes principiantes. Esta investigación busca comprender las estrategias que emplean docentes de secundaria durante el primer año de ejercicio profesional y su articulación con los tipos de relación profesor-estudiante que estas implican. Para ello, se examinaron entrevistas y registros de observación y se detectaron seis categorías en las distintas estrategias empleadas, que facilitaron la relación profesor-estudiante con tendencia vertical (mayor control docente), horizontal (mayor participación estudiantil) o una combinación de ambas. Se observa una tendencia hacia relaciones profesor-estudiante más horizontales.
Current Advancement of Heliostats
Authors: Weissert Joshua , Zhou Yu , You Dongchuan , Metghalchi Hameed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper looks at the advancements made in Solar Power Towers and Heliostat Fields since 2017 and summarizes the current problems in various subsections. Heliostat fields capturing concentrated solar power (CSP) have been looked at for decades as a reliable renewable energy source that can balance out the variability of wind and photovoltaic cells. In recent years, many studies have researched possible improvements in CSP technology. Uniform methods have been developed to better estimate wind loads in various conditions. Gap size and hinge height to cord ratio have been studied to optimize structural strength. Coatings and cleaning schedules have been developed to increase the optical efficiency of plants. However, there are many studies that still need to be done to better understand wind and optics for solar power towers. While the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of power tower systems has decreased dramatically in recent years, more research and development need to be done to reach the Sunshot Initiative’s goal of 5 cents per kilowatt hour. A large area of improvement for future research comes from heliostat manufacturing costs which make up around 40% of energy plant costs. By lowering this cost from the current value of approximately $100/m2 to the Sunshot Initiative’s goal of $50/m2, the LCOE of concentrated solar thermal energy will be drastically reduced.
Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy versus physical therapy for traumatic meniscal tears in a young study population: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: van der Graaff Sabine J A , Eijgenraam Susanne M , Meuffels Duncan E , van Es Eline M , Verhaar Jan A N , Hofstee Dirk Jan , Auw Yang Kiem Gie , Noorduyn Julia C A , van Arkel Ewoud R A , van den Brand Igor C J B , Janssen Rob P A , Liu Wai-Yan , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita M A , Reijman Max 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo compare outcomes from arthroscopic partial meniscectomy versus physical therapy in young patients with traumatic meniscal tears.MethodsWe conducted a multicentre, open-labelled, randomised controlled trial in patients aged 18–45 years, with a recent onset, traumatic, MRI-verified, isolated meniscal tear without knee osteoarthritis. Patients were randomised to arthroscopic partial meniscectomy or standardised physical therapy with an optional delayed arthroscopic partial meniscectomy after 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score (best 100, worst 0) at 24 months, which measures patients’ perception of symptoms, knee function and ability to participate in sports activities.ResultsBetween 2014 and 2018, 100 patients were included (mean age 35.1 (SD 8.1), 76% male, 34 competitive or elite athletes). Forty-nine were randomised to arthroscopic partial meniscectomy and 51 to physical therapy. In the physical therapy group, 21 patients (41%) received delayed arthroscopic partial meniscectomy during the follow-up period. In both groups, improvement in IKDC scores was clinically relevant during follow-up compared with baseline scores. At 24 months mean (95% CI) IKDC scores were 78 (71 to 84) out of 100 points in the arthroscopic partial meniscectomy group and 78 (71 to 84) in the physical therapy group with a between group difference of 0.1 (95% CI −7.6 to 7.7) points out of 100.ConclusionsIn this trial involving young patients with isolated traumatic meniscal tears, early arthroscopic partial meniscectomy was not superior to a strategy of physical therapy with optional delayed arthroscopic partial meniscectomy at 24-month follow-up.Trial registrationhttps://www.trialregister.nl/trials.
Role of primary motor cortex in gait: automatic-voluntary dissociation seen in paretic leg of a patient who had a stroke
Authors: Nagaoka Masanori , Kumakura Yasuhiro , Inaba Katsuyuki , Ebihara Akira , Usui Miyu 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the role of primary motor cortex in gait through exploring the dissociation of impaired voluntary leg muscle contraction and preserved rhythmic activities during gait in a patient who had a stroke.Subject and methodsA 49-year-old man with an infarct in the primary motor cortex exhibited automatic-voluntary dissociation in the paretic leg. Functional studies were conducted using surface electromyography (EMG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).ResultsThe patient was incapable of voluntary contraction of individual leg muscles on the paretic right side but was able to walk automatically while contracting those muscles rhythmically. Surface EMG confirmed the earlier findings objectively. The preserved automatic activities helped recovery of gait capability, but NIRS showed no functional recovery in the corresponding motor cortex during treadmill gait. We considered that the loss of voluntary leg muscle contraction and the preserved gait capacity in this patient represented a form of automatic-voluntary dissociation.ConclusionsThe preserved gait capability suggests that the leg representation of the primary motor cortex may not play a major functional role in gait, but other components of the nervous system, including the spinal central pattern generator, would serve important functions to maintain gait capability.