bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular mortality across the spectrum of aortic stenosis
Authors: Coisne Augustin , Montaigne David , Ninni Sandro , Lamblin Nicolas , Lemesle Gilles , Delsart Pascal , Filiot Alexandre , Andrey Paul , Balaye Pierre , Butruille Laura , Decoin Raphael , Woitrain Eloise , Granada Juan F , Staels Bart , Bauters Christophe 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveCurrent data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on cardiovascular mortality in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) are restricted to severe AS or aortic valve replacement (AVR) trials. We aimed to investigate cardiovascular mortality according to DM across the entire spectrum of outpatients with AS.MethodsBetween May 2016 and December 2017, patients with mild (peak aortic velocity=2.5–2.9 m/s), moderate (3–3.9 m/s) and severe (≥4 m/s) AS graded by echocardiography were included during outpatient cardiology visits in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in France and followed-up for modes of death between May 2018 and August 2020.ResultsAmong 2703 patients, 820 (30.3%) had DM, mean age was 76±10.8 years with 46.6% of women and a relatively high prevalence of underlying cardiovascular diseases. There were 200 cardiovascular deaths prior to AVR during the 2.1 years (IQR 1.4–2.7) follow-up period. In adjusted analyses, DM was significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.40, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.89; p=0.029). In mild or moderate AS, the cardiovascular mortality of patients with diabetes was similar to that of patients without diabetes. In severe AS, DM was associated with higher cardiovascular mortality (HR=2.65, 95% CI 1.50 to 4.68; p=0.001). This was almost exclusively related to a higher risk of death from heart failure (HR=2.61, 95% CI 1.15 to 5.92; p=0.022) and sudden death (HR=3.33, 95% CI 1.28 to 8.67; p=0.014).ConclusionThe effect of DM on cardiovascular mortality varied across AS severity. Despite no association between DM and outcomes in patients with mild/moderate AS, DM was strongly associated with death from heart failure and sudden death in patients with severe AS.
Innate immune receptor signaling induces transient melanoma dedifferentiation while preserving immunogenicity
Authors: Thier Beatrice , Zhao Fang , Stupia Simone , Brüggemann Alicia , Koch Johannes , Schulze Nina , Horn Susanne , Coch Christoph , Hartmann Gunther , Sucker Antje , Schadendorf Dirk , Paschen Annette 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundImmune-stimulatory agents, like agonists of the innate immune receptor RIG-I, are currently tested in clinical trials as an intratumoral treatment option for patients with unresectable melanoma, aiming to enhance anti-tumor T cell responses. Switching of melanoma toward a dedifferentiated cell state has recently been linked to T cell and therapy resistance. It remains to be determined whether RIG-I agonists affect melanoma differentiation, potentially leading to T cell resistance.MethodsPatient metastases-derived melanoma cell lines were treated with the synthetic RIG-I agonist 3pRNA, and effects on tumor cell survival, phenotype and differentiation were determined. Transcriptomic data sets from cell lines and metastases were analyzed for associations between RIG-I (DDX58) and melanoma differentiation markers and used to define signaling pathways involved in RIG-I-driven dedifferentiation. The impact of 3pRNA-induced melanoma dedifferentiation on CD8 T cell activation was studied in autologous tumor T cell models.ResultsRIG-I activation by 3pRNA induced apoptosis in a subpopulation of melanoma cells, while the majority of tumor cells switched into a non-proliferative cell state. Those persisters displayed a dedifferentiated cell phenotype, marked by downregulation of the melanocytic lineage transcription factor MITF and its target genes, including melanoma differentiation antigens (MDA). Transition into the MITFlow/MDAlow cell state was JAK-dependent, with some cells acquiring nerve growth factor receptor expression. MITFlow/MDAlow persisters switched back to the proliferative differentiated cell state when RIG-I signaling declined. Consistent with our in vitro findings, an association between melanoma dedifferentiation and high RIG-I (DDX58) levels was detected in transcriptomic data from patient metastases. Notably, despite their dedifferentiated cell phenotype, 3pRNA-induced MITFlow/MDAlow persisters were still efficiently targeted by autologous CD8 tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs).ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that RIG-I signaling in melanoma cells drives a transient phenotypic switch toward a non-proliferative dedifferentiated persister cell state. Despite their dedifferentiation, those persisters are highly immunogenic and sensitive toward autologous TILs, challenging the concept of melanoma dedifferentiation as a general indicator of T cell resistance. In sum, our findings support the application of RIG-I agonists as a therapeutic tool for the generation of long-term clinical benefit in non-resectable melanoma.
Cyclic voltammetric studies of electron transfer reactions associated with bioactive iron–KA complexation at different biological pH
Authors: Zahid Kanwal , Perveen Shazia , Nisar Shazia , Fatima Nasreen 
Published: June 2022

This study explores electrochemical interactions of a pharmaceutical drug, kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4 H-pyran-4-one, KA), with bioactive iron Fe(III) at different pH systems by using cyclic voltammetric technique. For this study, buffers relevant to physiological pH of blood and digestive system have been selected. Bioactive iron was found to form an electroactive complex [Fe(III)L3] in the presence of KA at all studied pH, whereas electrochemical behavior of KA was also changed by complex formation. This electrochemical investigation reveals that under the experimental conditions, [Fe(III)L3] complex undergoes a diffusion controlled, one electron redox process that is quasi-reversible in nature. It was also found that [Fe(III)L3] complex undergoes coupled chemical reaction according to EC (an electron transfer reaction followed by a chemical reaction) mechanism, and this interaction is pH dependent. Modified Nicholson and Shain, Gileadi, and Kochi methods were used to determine standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant ( k0) of [Fe(III)L3] complex. It was found to be in the range of 10−3 to 10−5 cm/s.
Early time behavior of spatial and momentum anisotropies in a kinetic approach to nuclear collisions
Authors: Borrell Marc , Borghini Nicolas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe derive a general formula for the early time dependence of a phase space distribution evolving according to the kinetic Boltzmann equation. Assuming that the early evolution of the system created in high-energy nuclear collisions can be described by kinetic theory, we calculate the scaling behaviors for the onset of various characteristics of the transverse dynamics. In particular, we show that the scaling behavior of the anisotropic flow coefficients $$v_n$$

v
n

at early times does not depend on the details of the collision kernel or the system composition, while at the same time it differs from the prediction of fluid dynamics.
Density functional theory: The structural, electronic, optical, mechanical, and vibrational properties of bulk and Te-doped SnSe2
Authors: Tse Geoffrey 
Published: June 2022

This work performs a computational prediction on SnSe2 and Te-doped bilayer material. Doping the Te element onto SnSe2 can lead to a decrease in bandgap [Formula: see text] energy (from 1.95 eV to 0.94 eV) and cause a drop in both conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB), apart from the valence band maximum (VBM). This may lead to an increase in electrical conductivity. The decrease in [Formula: see text] parameter may result in an impact on electronic effective mass and transport properties when the SnSe2 bilayer is doped with Te. A redshift observed on both the optical absorption and the dielectric constant plots may suggest that a tensile force could be possibly induced when we dope the SnSe2 compound. The identical elastic constants of C[Formula: see text] and C[Formula: see text] evaluated could describe the nature of the close-packed hexagonal bilayer. Finally, the ductility slightly increases when we mix the Te element onto the SnSe2 alloy. It is also worth noting that both SnSe2 and Te-doped are dynamically stable, according to the phonon dispersion.
Earnings Management and the Reputation of Nomads Around IPOs: The Experience of the UK Alternative Investment Market
Authors: Alhadab Mohammad 
Published: June 2022

The research problem We examined whether the reputation of the nominated advisor (Nomad) impacts the accrual and real earnings management of initial public offering (IPO) firms on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) of the London Stock Exchange in the UK. Motivation and theoretical reasoning While the role of Nomads on the AIM is a significant determinant in ensuring the integrity of the financial reporting quality of their advisee firms, to date, there has been no analysis of the impact of Nomads on such reporting activities. The test hypothesis The main hypothesis of this study tested whether IPO firms that appoint a more reputable Nomad exhibit a lower level of accrual-based and real-based earnings management during the IPO. Target population The initial sample of this study consisted of all IPO firms that went public on the AIM between January 1998 and December 2008. After restricting the sample to non-financial IPO firms with the necessary data available to estimate accrual and real earnings management and Nomad reputation, the final sample consisted of 432 IPO firms that are backed by 80 Nomads over the sample period. Adopted methodology Two real earnings management activities were examined: sales-based manipulation and discretionary expenses–based manipulation. Discretionary accruals were estimated as a proxy of accrual earnings management. To construct the unweighted index of Nomad reputation (NOMAD), data were manually collected for the number of IPOs backed by a Nomad, proceeds of IPOs backed by the Nomad, the Nomad’s age, and the Nomad’s credit score. Analyses Following prior research, several techniques and regressions were employed to test the hypothetical relation between Nomad reputation and accrual and real earnings management. As for robustness, both Heckman and instrumental variable (IV) regressions were used to control for sample selection bias, and a three-stage least squares (3SLS) estimation approach was used to test for the two-way interaction between Nomad reputation and earnings management. Findings This paper found evidence that more reputable Nomads on the AIM play a significant role in constraining the use of accrual-based and real-based earnings management during the IPO year by their advisee IPO firms. This is also the first evidence on the significant role of reputable financial institutions and intermediaries in monitoring the financial reporting quality in less regulated markets such as the AIM in the UK.
On the Inequality Theorem for a Wider Class of Analytic Functions with Hadamard Product
Authors: Alharayzeh Ma’moun I. Y. , Darus Maslina 
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we discuss a well known class studied by Ramesha in 1995 and later by Janteng in 2006, and we then extend the class to a wider class of functions

f

denoted by

n
α

β
,
γ

which are normalized and univalent, in the unit disk

D
=

z
∈
ℂ
:

z

<
1

satisfying the condition

Re

α

z

2

f

′
′

z

/

g

z

+

z

f

′

z

/

g

z

>
β
,

0
≤
α
<
1,0
≤
β
<
1
,

where

g

is analytic function in

D

, such that

g

z

≠
0

, with a new condition that is introduced. The main purpose of this paper is to give an estimate for the same

a

3

−
μ

a
2
2

when

f

belongs to the class

n
α

β
,
γ

.
Efeitos clínicos da acupuntura e infiltração periarticular de corticosteróides no tratamento de gonartrose
Authors: Plavsic Aleksandra , Brdareski Zorica , Djurovic Aleksandar 
Published: June 2022

Gonartrose é uma das doenças degenerativas mais comuns. Dor, deficiência e deformidade articular são os sinais clínicos dominantes. Objetivo do estudo: Comparar o efeito clínico obtido com três diferentesmodelos terapêuticos: 1. Acupuntura; 2. Infiltração local de corticosteróide; 3. Combinação de acupuntura e infiltração local de corticosteróide. Material e Métodos: Um estudo clínico prospectivo, aleatorizado, aberto incluiu 21 pacientes do sexo feminino em fase aguda de gonartrose. O diagnóstico foi feito através de exames clínicos e radiográficos. As pacientes foram divididas em três grupos: Grupo I: 7 pacientes com média de idade de 61,0 ± 6,8 anos, tratadas através de acupuntura com agulhas (pontas: Du20, Ex31, Ex32, St35, UB40, St44, UB60, Li4, Sp9,UB11), 10 tratamentos. Grupo II: 7 pacientes com 59,0 ± 10,1 anos, tratadas com infiltração de Betametasona – Diprofos, no primeiro dia de tratamento com abordagem frontal na parte lateral ou medial do tendão do músculo quadríceps. Grupo III: 7 pacientes, com 58,0 ± 6,07 anos, tratadas com uma combinação de infiltração inicial de Betametasona – Diprofos e acupuntura com agulhas, 10 tratamentos. A avaliação dos parâmetros de eficácia foi feita através dos seguintes parâmetros: 1. Dificuldades subjetivas – dor (Escala visual analógica – EVA de 0 a 100 mm); 2. tamanho do joelho, medido através do meio da patela em centímetros; 3. Amplitude de movimento articular (flexão), medida com um goniômetro. Todos esses parâmetros foram medidos no 1º, 8º e 21º dia de tratamento. ANOVA unifatorial, ANOVA de medida repetida e testes post hoc foram utilizados na análise estatística. Resultados: 1. Houve significativa melhora nos parâmetros de intensidade de dor e tamanho do joelho dentro dos grupos; ANOVA unifatorial, p<0,01; 2. Não houve melhora significativa no parâmetro de movimento articular dentro dos grupos; ANOVA unifatorial, p=0,528; 3. Houve melhoras significativas em todos os parâmetros (intensidade da dor, tamanho do joelho, movimento articular) nos três grupos; ANOVA de medida repetida, p<0,01. Conclusão: O tratamento combinado de acupuntura e infiltração de corticosteróide tem melhor efetividade em intensidade da dor, tamanho do joelho e melhora do movimento articular em comparação com a monoterapia.
Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for the management of postoperative surgical pain after lower extremity amputation: a pilot study
Authors: Djurovic Aleksandar , Ilic Dejan , Brdareski Zorica , Plavsic Aleksandra , Djurdjevic Slavisa , Lukovic Gordana 
Published: June 2022

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a noninvasive, nonmedical modality. Objective: To establish the role of TENS for the management of postoperative surgical pain after lower limb amputations. Methods: Randomized controlled trial, which included forty-six subjects who had undergone lower limb amputations, randomly divided into control and treatment group. The control group received standard postoperative care, whereas the treatment group received standard postoperative care plus TENS. Forty subjects successfully completed the study according to the study protocol. The majority of the individuals had undergone transtibial amputation due to complication of diabetes. Five TENS XL-A1 portable devices with four self-adhesive electrodes were used. This was the conventional TENS mode, characterized by the delivery of electrical impulses with a duration of 200 microseconds, frequency of 110 Hz, and amplitude of 44V. Treatment was carried out for 2 hours a day, during 10 days. The evaluation of TENS efficacy was performed using the horizontal VAS (0-100 mm). Student T test was used in the statistical analysis. Results: Pain intensity was significantly diminished in both groups at the tenth in comparison with the first postoperative day. Conclusion: Conventional TENS (dose: 200 microseconds, 110 Hz, 44V), administered two hours a day during ten days, significantly reduced postoperative surgical pain in twenty subjects who had undergone lower limb amputations.
Burnout syndrome (BOS) among resident doctors in an Egyptian tertiary care university hospital: Prevalence and determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fadle Amr A. , Khalifa Ahmed A , Mahran Dalia G. , Khidr Shimaa Sayed , Said Hatem G , Farouk Osama 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: The current study aimed to detect the BOS prevalence and determinants among residents working during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in an Egyptian tertiary university referral hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study evaluating the working period from June to November 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic second wave, through a five sections questionnaire evaluating: 1 − sociodemographic characteristics, 2 − job characteristics, 3 − negative thoughts related to their job, 4 − resident’s health problems, and 5 − evaluating BOS through Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scale (including emotional exhaustion [EE], depersonalization [DP], and personal accomplishment [PA] as subscales). Results: We included 230 residents with a median age of 27 years. The median MBI sub-scales (IQ Range) values were 30.0 (20, 39), 21.0 (15, 30), and 29.5 (22, 36) for EE, DP, and PA, respectively. About 51.0% and 83.0% of the residents were high in EE and DP, while 8.7% were low in PA. The median EE and DP were higher in younger age (⩽27 years; p = .002 and .024), males ( p = .001 and <.001), working >90 hours weekly ( p = .016 and <.001), exposure to harassment ( p < .001), and having COVID-19 infection ( p = .002 and .001). Residents working in surgical departments reported higher DP scores than those in non-surgical departments ( p = .03). There was a mild positive correlation between working hours per week and the total scores in EE and DP, r = .24 ( p < .001) and r = .23 ( p = .001) respectively, while it was found to have a negative correlation with the PA ( r = −.133 and p = .044). Conclusions: The BOS is evident and considerably high among the residents working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Younger age, males, working in surgical departments, and those who got COVID-19 infection were most vulnerable.
Murder-suicides in Milan: case history from 1990 to 2018. Criminological and medico-legal considerations
Authors: Travaini Guido , Caruso Palmina , Cornelli Roberto , Merzagora Isabella , Margherita Manuela , Battistini Alessio 
Published: June 2022

This study reviews autopsies performed by the Legal Medicine department of the University of Milan from 1990 to 2018. In particular, the characteristics of the perpetrator, the victim and the type of existing relationship, the means used, and the place and time of the crime. A retrospective analysis was conducted, extracting data from the Milan Institute of Legal Medicine database, selecting cases of murder-suicide from the archive between 1990 and 2018 (a total of 75 cases with 84 murder victims). Available data was processed statistically. Univariate and bivariate analysis techniques were mainly used. Significance tests (Chi-square) and correlation studies (Pearson's R) were also conducted, the results of which were then examined and discussed in light of legal, medical and criminological expertise. In almost all cases, suicide followed immediately after the murder, at home and in the context of an emotional relationship. The murderer and person committing suicide is almost always male and the victim female. A firearm was the most common weapon in cases of both murder and suicide. The results indicate that the issue of gender is relevant in murder-suicides as indicated by international and national literature on homicides. Furthermore, the use of firearms endorses the importance of limiting their availability through more restrictive laws.
An Investigation of the Relationship Between Compassion Fatigue and Moral Sensitivity of Intensive Care Nurses
Authors: İlter Sümeyra Mihrap , Ovayolu Özlem , Serçe Sibel , Ovayolu Nimet 
Published: June 2022

Objective: The study aimed to examine the relationship between compassion fatigue and moral sensitivity of intensive care nurses. Method: Permission was obtained from the ethics committee, institution, and nurses prior to the study. The population of the study consisted of all nurses working in a university hospital, and the sample consisted of 144 intensive care nurses who agreed to participate in the study. The data were collected through the Questionnaire, the Compassion Fatigue Scale, and the Moral Sensitivity Scale. The total score of the compassion fatigue scale ranges between 24 and 120, and a high score indicates a “high level of compassion”. The total score of the moral sensitivity scale, on the other hand, varies between 30-210, and as the score increases, moral sensitivity decreases. The obtained data were evaluated with Student t, One-Way Anova, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U, and correlation analysis. Results: It was found that 55.6% of the nurses had a bachelor’s degree, 44.4% had been working in the intensive care unit for 4-6 years, 39.6% had professional ethical dilemmas, and 44.6% of those who had ethical dilemmas could not solve this problem. Compassion fatigue and moral sensitivity scale mean scores were found to be 83.3 ± 6.7 and 125.4 ± 7.2, respectively, and there was a positive correlation between compassion fatigue and moral sensitivity mean scores ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: The mean score of the compassion fatigue and moral sensitivity scale of intensive care nurses was at a “moderate” level, and there was a positive correlation between the nurses' moral sensitivity scale and compassion fatigue scale scores. In line with these results, it can be suggested that the compassion fatigue and moral sensitivities of nurses especially those working in intensive care be evaluated in terms of resolving the ethical dilemmas they may experience in patient care, and these nurses be supported on these matters.
Association of Visual Impairment with Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rajeshkannan S.  , Yenuganti Vishnu Vardhan , Solomon Maria Annita Tellcott , Rajsri T. R.  , Janana Priya G.  
Published: June 2022

Background: Worldwide, there is an increase in the incidence of suicide each year. Suicide attempts are estimated to be more frequent than actual suicide mortality. One potential contributor to suicide risk is the presence of sensory impairments (visual or hearing impairments). The present review aimed to assess the direction and strength of the association between visual impairment (VI) and the risk of suicidal behavior. Methods: A systematic search was carried out on the literature published up to July 2021 in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov. The association between VI and suicidal ideation/attempt was summarized by pooled odds ratio with 95% CI. Results: Six studies with a sample size of 1,64,752 were included in the final quantitative synthesis. The pooled odds ratios (95% CI) for suicidal ideation and attempt among persons with VI were 1.53 (1.30–1.79) and 4.55 (2.39–8.67), respectively. On subgroup analysis, the odds of suicidal ideation were higher in persons with additional sensory impairment, 2.07 (1.21–3.53), than in the group with VI only, 1.63 (95% 1.34–1.98). Conclusion: This study found a significant association between suicidal behavior and VI, more so in persons with dual impairment. Structured assessment for psychological health and appropriate management should be an integral part of managing people with visual and other sensory impairments, to prevent this serious adverse consequence.