bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How essential are in‐person clinic visits during maintenance treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
Authors: Rabinowicz Ron , Maguire Bryan , Hitzler Johann , Punnett Angela 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children. Treatment consists of an initial intensive phase of chemotherapy, followed by a prolonged period of maintenance chemotherapy intended to reduce the risk of relapse. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, the need arose to identify and reduce non‐essential hospital visits.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine which proportion of in‐person clinic visits during ALL maintenance therapy was associated with a change of management based on the results of the physical examination.Patients and methodsMedical records of children receiving maintenance chemotherapy for B‐precursor ALL between September 2019 and February 2020 were reviewed. Visits with a new finding on physical examination were divided into those where an in‐person assessment was deemed essential versus not essential. Finally, we determined the proportion of essential in‐person visits that resulted in a change of management.ResultsA total of 240 maintenance visits by 75 children were analyzed. An abnormal finding on physical examination was noted during 20 visits (8.3%). Of those, 14 (5.8%) uncovered a new finding, six (2.5%) were classified as “in‐person visit essential,” and among those six visits, three (1.2%) resulted in a change of patient management (one for acute otitis media, one for wheezing, and one for limp).ConclusionOur findings support the evaluation of care delivery models other than in‐person visits during ALL maintenance therapy. A prospective study is required to delineate criteria, benefits/risks, and families’ perspectives associated with virtual care delivery and the optimal frequency of in‐person visits.
Investigation of physico‐mechanical, thermal, morphological, optical and biodegradation properties of polyvinyl alcohol films reinforced with alkali treated Limonia acidissima shell powder
Authors: Loganathan L. , Saravanakumar S. S. , Murugan R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPolyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and various concentrations of (5–25 wt%) alkali treated Limonia acidissima shell powder (LASP) was utilized to develop bio composite packaging films by solution casting method. The alkali treatment (5%NaOH) of the LASP particles were carried out to improve the interface adhesion between filler and PVA matrix and also remove non cellulosic contents from LASP. The biofilms were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric analyzer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Tensile test, UV–vis spectroscopy analysis, water uptake, water vapor permeability, and soil burial test. The bio composite films reinforced with alkali treated LASP particles and compatibilized matrix lead to notable increase in the mechanical, optical, and biodegradation properties when compared to the neat PVA film. The increase in thermal stability (13.49%) of (332.06°C) PVA/alkali‐treated LASP biofilm compared to that of pure PVA film (287.24°C). Tensile stress and young's modulus were enhanced to 57.03% and 83.35%, respectively, with the inclusion of alkali‐treated LASP (up to 20 wt%) in PVA film. Scanning electron microscope micrographs showed that, beyond the 20 wt% of the filler the irregularities emerged on the surface of the biofilms, consequently the mechanical and water barrier properties were diminished However, the PVA/alkali‐treated LASP biofilms absorb less water than pure PVA films. The increased water transport with in the films facilitated the biodegradation behavior (32.11% of weight loss in soil) of composite film. Hence the results suggested the composite films developed in the study to be an ideal material for packaging and cosmetics industries as well as adding the value to wood apple (Limonia acidissima) waste.
Assessment of damage tolerance of bolted composite structures via “bearing‐after‐impact” tests
Authors: Kaybal Halil Burak 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough bolted composite joints are mainly designed to resist bearing loading, dynamic loading such as low‐velocity impact can also be a severe threat because of its potential to reduce joint reliability. Surprisingly, it is still unclear how bolted composite joints perform after the dynamic loading, and its effect on the damage tolerance is unknown likewise. This study aims to evaluate experimentally the bearing‐after‐impact (BAI) damage tolerance of bolted glass‐fiber (GF) reinforced epoxy composite joints. For this, the GF/epoxy composite laminates were assembled in single‐lap shear joints firstly, and the bolted composite joints were subjected to low‐velocity impact tests at various energy levels from 3 to 10 J. Following that, standardized bearing tests were carried out to determine the damage tolerance of the laminated composites following the impact. Nanoclay fillers were also added to the epoxy matrix to improve damage tolerance. After the low‐velocity impact loading, the bearing strength diminishes by almost 22% for the bolted composite joints, while the reduction in damage tolerance is effectively limited with the nanoclay addition. However, as the impact energy increases, the efficiency of the nanofiller declines. Increased impact energy results in changes in failure modes, and nanofillers improve damage tolerance with additional nano‐scale toughness‐increasing mechanisms.
Practice‐based coaching to improve culturally responsive practices in early childhood classrooms: A single‐case experimental design
Authors: Kranski Tessa A. , Steed Elizabeth A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn experimental analysis of a workshop plus practice‐based coaching (PBC) was conducted to enhance four early childhood educators' use of culturally responsive practices. A multiple baselinedesign across participants was used to examine the effects of a workshop and PBC on four early childhood teachers' use of culturally responsive practices, such as learning about children's home cultures and ensuring books reflect cultural diversity. A functional relation was established between the intervention and targeted culturally responsive practices for three of the four teachers. Descriptive findings suggested that particular culturally responsive practices were implemented at higher rates than others. School personnel viewed the goals, process, and outcomes of the workshop and PBC positively. Implications for practice and research are discussed, including the complex nature of providing coaching on the topic of culturally responsive practices in early childhood classrooms.
Occupational engagement, fatigue, and upper and lower extremity abilities in persons with melorheostosis
Authors: Farrell Kathleen , Comis Leora E. , Casimir Morgan M. , Hodsdon Bonnie , Jiménez‐Silva Rafael , Dunigan Tiara , Bhattacharyya Timothy , Jha Smita 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionMelorheostosis is a rare bone disorder with limited literature that describes the effect of this disease on functional and motor abilities. As part of a natural history study, four outcome measures were administered to better understand the burden this disease has on a person's ability to engage in basic and instrumental activities of daily living.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between functional engagement, fatigue, and motor ability in patients with melorheostosis.DesignCross‐sectional data gathered from a longitudinal natural history observational study.SettingRehabilitation department within a single institution.ParticipantsForty‐seven adult volunteers with melorheostosis were enrolled. Two participants were removed for failure to meet diagnosis eligibility. Thirty patients had lower extremity (LE) osteosclerotic bone lesions, 14 had upper extremity (UE) lesions, and one had lesions in both UEs and LEs.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresActivity Card Sort, Second Edition (ACS); Multi‐Dimensional Fatigue Inventory; Lower Extremity Functional Scale; Upper Extremity Functional Index.ResultsOn the ACS, high‐demand leisure (HDL) activities were the least retained (p< .001). Of the activities rated most important, HDL activities were the most likely to have been given up (27%). General fatigue (μ = 11.8) and physical fatigue (μ = 11.0) were the two most limiting fatigue constructs. There were moderate negative correlations with HDL activities compared to physical fatigue (r = −0.524,p< .001) and reduced activity fatigue (r = −0.58,p = .001). LE lesions had a large effect on completing LE tasks (d = 0.95) and UE lesions had a medium effect on completing tasks involving the UE (d = 0.69).ConclusionsPatients with melorheostosis experience fatigue and low engagement in HDL activities. The results of this study underscore the importance of acknowledging activity domain, fatigue constructs, and lesion location to support and provide targeted evidence‐based rehabilitative therapy.Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT02504879.
Structural dynamics shape the fitness window of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
Authors: Dindo Mirco , Pascarelli Stefano , Chiasserini Davide , Grottelli Silvia , Costantini Claudio , Uechi Gen‐Ichiro , Giardina Giorgio , Laurino Paola , Cellini Barbara 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe conformational landscape of a protein is constantly expanded by genetic variations that have a minimal impact on the function(s) while causing subtle effects on protein structure. The wider the conformational space sampled by these variants, the higher the probabilities to adapt to changes in environmental conditions. However, the probability that a single mutation may result in a pathogenic phenotype also increases. Here we present a paradigmatic example of how protein evolution balances structural stability and dynamics to maximize protein adaptability and preserve protein fitness. We took advantage of known genetic variations of human alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT1), which is present as a common major allelic form (AGT‐Ma) and a minor polymorphic form (AGT‐Mi) expressed in 20% of Caucasian population. By integrating crystallographic studies and molecular dynamics simulations, we show that AGT‐Ma is endowed with structurally unstable (frustrated) regions, which become disordered in AGT‐Mi. An in‐depth biochemical characterization of variants from an anticonsensus library, encompassing the frustrated regions, correlates this plasticity to a fitness window defined by AGT‐Ma and AGT‐Mi. Finally, co‐immunoprecipitation analysis suggests that structural frustration in AGT1 could favor additional functions related to protein–protein interactions. These results expand our understanding of protein structural evolution by establishing that naturally occurring genetic variations tip the balance between stability and frustration to maximize the ensemble of conformations falling within a well‐defined fitness window, thus expanding the adaptability potential of the protein.
Creation, effects on embryo quality, and clinical outcomes of a new embryo culture medium with 31 optimized components derived from human oviduct fluid: A prospective multicenter randomized trial
Authors: Utsunomiya Takafumi , Yao Tatsuma , Itoh Hiroko , Kai Yufuko , Kumasako Yoko , Setoguchi Miwa , Nakagata Naomi , Abe Hiroyuki , Ishikawa Motoharu , Kyono Koichi , Shibahara Hiroaki , Tsutsumi Osamu , Terada Yukihiro , Fujii Shunsaku , Yanagida Kaoru , Yokoyama Minesuke , Niimura Sueo , Endo Tsuyoshi , Fukuda Yoshinori , Inoue Masato , Kono Tomohiro , Kuji Naoaki , Tawara Fumiko , Yoshida Hiroaki , Yokota Yoshimasa , Tada Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeOur aim is to make an ideal embryo culture medium close to human oviduct fluid (HOF) components, and to evaluate the quality of this medium with embryo quality and clinical outcomes in assisted reproductive technology (ART) by a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT).MethodsStudy I: HOF was collected laparoscopically from patients (n = 28) with normal pelvic findings. According to HOF analysis results, the new medium “HiGROW OVIT®” (OVIT) was designed. Study II: Embryos (2 pronuclei (2PN) = 9633) were assigned from 1435 patients. The blastulation rate (BR), good BR (gBR), utilized (transferred/cryo‐preserved) BR (uBR), pregnancy rate (PR), and miscarriage rate (MR) were compared between the OVIT and control groups by RCT.ResultsThe novel medium ‘OVIT’ was produced according to 31 HOF components. The concentrations of essential amino acids (e‐AAs) were lower in OVIT than in current media, yet the opposite was true for ne‐AA concentrations. gBR and uBR were higher in the OVIT group than in the control group. In the older female group, gBT and uBR were significantly higher in the OVIT group.ConclusionsThe novel medium ‘OVIT’ was produced according to HOF data. The OVIT had significantly better embryo quality and clinical outcomes than the current media.
Bayesian sample size determination for diagnostic accuracy studies
Authors: Wilson Kevin J. , Williamson S. Faye , Allen A. Joy , Williams Cameron J. , Hellyer Thomas P. , Lendrem B. Clare 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe development of a new diagnostic test ideally follows a sequence of stages which, among other aims, evaluate technical performance. This includes an analytical validity study, a diagnostic accuracy study, and an interventional clinical utility study. In this article, we propose a novel Bayesian approach to sample size determination for the diagnostic accuracy study, which takes advantage of information available from the analytical validity stage. We utilize assurance to calculate the required sample size based on the target width of a posterior probability interval and can choose to use or disregard the data from the analytical validity study when subsequently inferring measures of test accuracy. Sensitivity analyses are performed to assess the robustness of the proposed sample size to the choice of prior, and prior‐data conflict is evaluated by comparing the data to the prior predictive distributions. We illustrate the proposed approach using a motivating real‐life application involving a diagnostic test for ventilator associated pneumonia. Finally, we compare the properties of the approach against commonly used alternatives. The results show that, when suitable prior information is available, the assurance‐based approach can reduce the required sample size when compared to alternative approaches.
Microfluidic Engineering of RGD[1]‐Terminated Nanocarriers Micellization and In‐Situ Docetaxel Encapsulation: An Atomistic Insight
Authors: Khedri Mohammad , Moraveji Mostafa keshavarz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe interactions between ligands and polymers are of great interest to drug delivery researches. In this work for the first time, Poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) based polymers with arginine‐glycine‐aspartate (RGD) peptide ligands which are immediately self‐assembled into micellar nanoparticles (NPs) in contact with water have been investigated in the atomistic level. In this regard, the effect of polymer and RGD concentrations on the stability, size, interaction energies and other molecular properties of nanocarriers has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. In the next step, the microfluidic micellization and docetaxel (DTX) encapsulation has been simulated in comparison to bulk micellization. Results indicated that by employing only 20 wt % RGD‐conjugated polymer, the particles reach the stable properties and compactness without DTX. But, when the DTX was added, 30 wt.% of RGD‐conjugated polymers that assembled in microfluidic system is the best state nanocarrier for the smart target drug delivery for transfer of DTX drug into the Cancer cell. Comparisons of the results acquired in the current paper confirmed that engineering and tuning the self‐assembly in the interface of phases in microchennel resulted in a precise control on the particle size and resulted in the preparation of smaller and more stable NPs that can be exploited as ultra‐small, smart drug carriers.
Structural, Electronic, Thermodynamic, Optical and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Curcumin Complexes with Transition Metals: DFT and TD‐DFT Study
Authors: Khireddine Ahlem , Boukelkoul Mebarek , Atalay Yusuf , Tamer Ömer , Avcɩ Davut , Merzoud Lynda , Chermette Henry 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBecause of their important photonic applications, the curcumin molecules, which can easily be found in nature, are interesting in the study of nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on ground state molecular geometries of [(bpy‐CH3)M(curc)] Cl complexes, where M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au and Hg, have been performed at B3LYP level. Most complexes have a pyramidal geometry with square base, with a few exceptions well understood from the electronic structure of the metal atom. Although the pyramid geometry with square base of the [(bpy‐CH3)Zn(curc)] Cl complex is preserved in solution, our DFT calculations show that the Zn lying above the square plane becomes closer and closer to that plane when the solvent is more and more polar, whereas the dipole moment increases in the mean time. The calculated IR spectra for the Zn complex show an increase in the intensity of the peaks of solvated complexes. The effect of solvent on excitation transition types and electronic spectra of the transition metal complexes simulated using DFT‐CPCM model shows intra‐ligand charge transfer from HOMO to LUMO in polar solvents, but from HOMO to LUMO+1 in apolar solvents. Among a full set of properties of transition metal series complexes with 21 elements, it appears that the Mn, Ag and Re complexes are the best candidates to NLO materials. Finally, an excellent correlation between the magnetic moments per atom and the number of valence electron of the central metals is obtained.
Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Microwave‐Assisted Multicomponent Reaction Towards Synthesis of Diverse Fluorescent Quinazolino[4,3‐b]quinazolin‐8‐ones and Their Photophysical Study
Authors: Pawar Gaurav , Ghouse Shaikh Mohammad , Joshi Swanand Vinayak , Rana Preeti , Kar Swayamsiddha , Sarma P. Mahesh , Dannarm Srinivas Reddy , Sonti Rajesh , Nanduri Srinivas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA novel, base‐ and ligand‐free one pot protocol for the synthesis of fused‐quinazolinone under microwave irradiation using environmentally friendly PEG‐400 as a solvent has been developed. Besides benzaldehyde, various benzyl alcohols and methyl arenes were used in this protocol, which extend its synthetic applicability. Photophysical study of this highly fluorescent framework was studied by fluorescent study. DFT and ESI/MS studies were carried out to justify the proposed mechanism.
Design, Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Tetrahydro β‐Carboline‐Attached Spiroindolones/ Spiroacenapthylene by Using Lemon Juice as a Green Biocatalyst System.
Authors: Sharma Yogesh Brijwashi , Singh Rajveer , Singh Chetan Paul , Bharitkar Yogesh P. , Hazra Abhijit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn easy atom‐economic methodology for the synthesis of tetrahydro‐β‐carbolino‐spiroindolone/ spiroacenapthylene scaffold in one step from tryptamine and isatin have been done via Pictet‐Spengler Reaction using lemon juice as a biocatalyst system. The reaction is clean and convenient for the synthesis of spiroindolones. The product was separated via easy chromatographic technique (column/flash) and characterized by 1D NMR (1H, 13 C and DEPT) and HRMS analysis. Bio evaluation against four cancer cell lines (MCF‐7, SH‐SY5Y, HepG2 and HEK 293) shows good positive indication of activity for 3 g, 3 h and 3 i.
Taxonomy and diversity of slit‐band gastropods (Order Pleurotomariida) and some slit bearing Caenogastropoda from the Pennsylvanian of the USA
Authors: Karapunar Baran , Nützel Alexander , Seuss Barbara , Mapes Royal H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPleurotomariida have the longest fossil record among living gastropods and are diverse and abundant in the middle and upper Palaeozoic. Its traditional classification is based on adult shell characters. The early shell morphology has been largely unknown. We describe exceptionally well‐preserved Pleurotomariida from the Pennsylvanian marine shales of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Ohio. In total, 38 species representing 19 genera are described, including 10 new species, one new genus and one new subgenus:Eirlysella buckhornensisgen. et sp. nov.,Shansiella(Oklahomaella)globilineatasubgen. et sp. nov.,Phymatopleura girtyi,Phymatopleura conica,Worthenia(Yochelsonospira)kuesi,Dictyotomaria turrisbabel,Paragoniozona yanceyi,Spiroscala shwedagoniformis,Peruvispira oklahomaensis,Baylea tenera. Replacement names areParagoniozona ornatanom. nov. (forPleurotomaria asperaGirty),Spiroscala quasipulchranom. nov. (forEuconospira pulchraBatten). The early ontogenetic shells including protoconchs and early teleoconchs are reported in detail for the first time for most taxa. Most species have a protoconch of one whorl as that of living Vetigastropoda. Planktotrophic protoconchs (multi‐whorled larval shells with sinusigera) are reported forPlatyzonaandPeruvispira; they are therefore placed in the family Goniasmatidae (Caenogastropoda). Repaired shell scars were found in juvenile Pleurotomariida specimens (c. 1 mm), suggesting exposure to predation from an early stage of ontogeny. Pleurotomariida are strongly dominant in surface samples of the Finis Shale (Texas) but in bulk samples using fine mesh‐sizes, dominance is much less pronounced, indicating a change in clade proportion depending on sampling method. The taxonomic richness and abundance of Pleurotomariida seen in these Carboniferous shales have not been reported from post‐Triassic formations.
Technical benchmarking and challenges of kilowatt scale vanadium redox flow battery
Authors: Kapoor Manshu , Verma Anil 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnique features of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), such as easy scalability and long durability, qualifies it as one of the prominent renewable energy storage technologies. Attracted by its features, scientific and commercial community around the globe have now begun to test prototypes/demonstrations of VRFB for a wide array of applications that deal at a scale of kW‐MW. A few scientific groups have discussed the design and performance of kW‐scale (up to 10 kW) VRFB in literature. It is interesting to note that the discussed designs have been developed with a diverse approach and have achieved different results. In this review, we critically examine and discuss those contributions at kW‐scale VRFB by analyzing the materials associated with their design, understanding the development of the flow engineering aspects in order to tackle the pressure and shunt current losses and the overall electrochemical performance. Till date, kW‐scale VRFB system has achieved an energy efficiency of ~80% at current densities of 100 mA⋅cm−2. Though the choice for majority of VRFB components is fixed, the right choice for its separator/membrane still needs to be standardized. With these aspects in picture, this review article will help to lay a background for researchers and engineers to know the present state‐of‐art and engineering issues at kW‐scale VRFB, which is a building block for scaling up.This article is categorized under:
Emerging Technologies > Energy Storage