bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can local agroforestry systems survive for rural development and sustainable ecosystems in dryland areas? A case study in Timorese Mamar systems
Authors: Moata M R S , Rosario P , Berg T V D , Sinlae D V , Rua Ora Y A N , Wardhana L D W , Takalapeta A , Benu Y 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mamar is a traditional agroforestry system established many years ago on Timor Island. It can maintain water reservoirs, natural habitat, and ecology conservation to support the livelihoods of local people. Although, Mamar is a symbol of heritage, “people will not leave it, but also do not want to see it” an unmanaged system. This study aims to understand the challenges and potential developments of the Mamar. A study on ecosystem services and the potential sustainability of Mamar was conducted in Ponain village using four sampling locations. Data was collected from observation, focus group discussion, laboratory analysis, and secondary data. The results showed that the change of land use from agroforestry to monoculture had reduced the quality of topsoil, water, and the biodiversity of local plants. Mamar could provide good services for the ecosystem, but we are unsure if it can be sustained because the youth tend to leave the Mamar. However, it seems likely this heritage can survive with strong partnership from Pentahelix collaboration (government, education, business, community, and media), applying multifunctional ecosystem (Agro ecotourism and community-based tourism), and eventually creating a business model. This collaboration will help to improve ecosystem and economic services, as well as rural development.
Potential of sago products supporting local food security in South Sulawesi
Authors: Dewayani W , Suryani  , Arum R H , Septianti E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Indonesia still relies on rice as a staple food, while at this time to meet the people’s needs for rice, the government still has to import it. Sago is one of the local foods that can meet the needs of the community as a food. This review aims to gather information on the current status of sago production in South Sulawesi, including the advantages and disadvantages of sago as a staple and the type of food technology required to produce the staple food. The advantage of sago compared to other carbohydrate sources is that the sago plant or sago forest is ready to be harvested if desired. Sago can be used for food or non-food purposes. One of the uses of sago for food is sago flour, starch, and various processed food products.
Meanwhile, for non-food needs, sago can be used as bioethanol and single-cell protein. Sago has disadvantages as a staple food due to lacking other nutrients such as protein and fat. Thus, in sago processing, the addition of other ingredients must be considered to meet these deficiencies.
Evaluation of azodicarbonamide (ADC) on density, expansion ratio and closed cell properties of natural rubber foam
Authors: Hanifarianty S , I Fathurrohman M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Natural rubber foams were made with a one-step foaming process, the effect of density, expansion ratio, and closed-cell properties via microscope were investigated. This research aims to investigate novel half vulcanization and full vulcanization process with three various blowing agents by compression moulding to fabricate natural rubber and carbon black foams. Closed cells of natural rubber used as shoe soles were formed by azodicarbonamide (ADC) and organic blowing agents. The experimental design used three blowing agent of Azodicarbonamide (ADC) A, B C, and control. The data analysis for images was performed in ImageJ software to get more quantitative results. Experimental data were created to perform a full (AF; BF; and CF) and half vulcanization (AH; BH; and CH) process. The different structure model based on digital microscope images was shown. The AH, BH, and CH with half vulcanisation process revealed a higher expansion ratio and cell number value. The microscope showed that rubber foam with the highest expansion ratio and cell number has a more homogenous structure with more cell connection of AH, causing a lower density value of 0.6480. In addition, AH and CH with ADC showed higher values than BH with an organic blowing agent, respectively.
Local-adapted and high-yield varieties for sustainable Robusta coffee farming: Evidence from South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Hasibuan A M , Randriani E , Wicaksono I N A , Dani  , Santoso T J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Climate change causes an adverse impact on the coffee plantation as it directly influences the productivity and quality of coffee products. For the adaptation strategy, using superior variety is often considered an important step because it has potential attributes such as high yield and quality, and is more tolerant to certain environmental shocks. This study aims to analyze the environmental adaptability and financial feasibility of local Robusta coffee varieties. This study used data from field observations, surveys, and interviews of key informants in Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia from 2018-2021. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results showed that three local clones have high adaptability in the study site, even in a high precipitation rate. The varieties are financially feasible to be adopted by farmers, even though on a small scale. Sensitivity analysis with the scenario of decreasing the yield or increasing operational cost as the impact of climate variability about 10 percent showed the lower feasibility indicators (NPV, IRR, and Net B/C), but still higher than the minimum threshold so that still feasible and profitable for farmers. Hence, the three local clones are the potential to be developed for sustainable Robusta coffee plantations.
Bilinear maximal functions associated with surfaces
Authors: Chen Jiecheng , Grafakos Loukas , He Danqing , Honzík Petr , Slavíková Lenka 
Published: February 2022

We obtain

L
2

×

L
2

→

L
1

L^2\times L^2\to L^1

boundedness for bilinear maximal functions associated with general compact hypersurfaces. Our method is based on the strategy introduced by Barrionuevo et al. [Math. Res. Lett. 25 (2018), pp. 69–1388] and a new multiplier result established by Grafakos, He, and Slavíková [Math. Ann. 376 (2020), pp. 431–455].
Criminology Towards the Metaverse: Cryptocurrency Scams, Grey Economy and the Technosocial
Authors: Mackenzie Simon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Online markets in cryptocurrency represent a sprawling and eclectic alternative financial system, selling cutting edge techno-investment schemes that are complex and high risk. Crime control is almost entirely absent from this new crypto economy, and it is full of scams. This paper draws on an ethnography of crypto trading to review the main types of scam, suggesting that the grey economy of cryptocurrency trading is part of a wider evolution of society towards the technosocial, and beyond that perhaps towards the metaversal.
Willing but Unable: How Resources Help Low-Income Mothers Care for their Children and Minimise Child Protection Interventions
Authors: Kuskoff Ella , Parsell Cameron , Plage Stefanie , Ablaza Christine , Perales Francisco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLow-income mothers face disproportionately high risks of engaging with statutory child protection systems. Whilst this is often perceived as a result of poor or irresponsible parenting practices, an increasing body of scholarship foregrounds the role of structural issues—such as poverty and homelessness—that constrain mothers’ agency and impact their ability to care for their children. In this article, we examine Australia’s first permanent Supportive Housing for Families (SHF) programme, which offers low-income mothers practical resources to minimise the risk of statutory child protection intervention. Our research aims to understand low-income mothers’ willingness and ability to care for their children, and how mothers engaged with and made meaning of their experiences residing in SHF. Using a qualitative research design, we analyse interview data with programme mothers (n = 17), programme support workers (n = 10) and statutory child protection officers (n = 7). We find that the resources provided through the programme enabled mothers to care for their children in ways that aligned with their parenting beliefs and aspirations. We conclude that SHF programmes may be an effective means through which low-income mothers can overcome the structural barriers that keep them engaged with statutory child protection systems.
Anal Cancer Screening and Prevention: Summary of Evidence Reviewed for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infection Guidelines
Authors: Barroso Luis F , Stier Elizabeth A , Hillman Richard , Palefsky Joel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In June 2019 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) convened an advisory group to assist in development of the 2021 CDC sexually transmitted infections (STI) guidelines. The advisory group on anal cancer screening and prevention met to formulate key questions in this field. The group examined published literature and abstracts to assess evidence and give recommendations for development of the CDC guidelines. This article summarizes key questions, evidence, recommendations, and areas for further research for the screening, diagnosis, and prevention of anal cancer.
Prenatal Influenza Vaccination or Influenza Infection and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Offspring
Authors: Becerra-Culqui Tracy A , Getahun Darios , Chiu Vicki , Sy Lina S , Tseng Hung Fu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
As prenatal vaccinations continue to be given more frequently, it is important to assess long-term safety events. We investigated the association between prenatal influenza vaccination or infection and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of mother–child pairs with deliveries between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2014 at Kaiser Permanente Southern California was performed. Children aged &gt;1 year were followed through 31 December 2018. Maternal influenza vaccination or infection during pregnancy was obtained from electronic health records. ASD was defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth or Tenth Revisions, Clinical Modification, codes after age 1 year. Cox proportional hazard models estimated the crude and inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) hazard ratios (HR) for the association between maternal influenza vaccination or infection and ASD.

Results
There were 84 739 mother–child pairs included in the final analytic sample. Of the 46 257 women vaccinated, 32.4% were vaccinated during the first trimester, 41.8% during the second trimester, and 25.8% during the third trimester. ASD was diagnosed in 1930 (2.3%) children. The IPTW analyses showed no association between prenatal influenza vaccination or infection and ASD in offspring (HR, 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], .95–1.13; HR, 1.12; 95% CI, .66–1.89, respectively).

Conclusions
Prenatal influenza vaccination or infection was not associated with ASD risk in offspring. The findings support recommendations to vaccinate pregnant women to protect themselves and their infants, both of whom are vulnerable to severe morbidity following infection.
Right ventricular longitudinal strain in the clinical routine: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Muraru Denisa , Haugaa Kristina , Donal Erwan , Stankovic Ivan , Voigt Jens Uwe , Petersen Steffen E , Popescu Bogdan A , Marwick Thomas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Myocardial deformation imaging is a very attractive clinical tool for the assessment of right ventricular (RV) systolic performance, providing incremental diagnostic and prognostic information over the traditional indices of RV function. Among various imaging modalities, echocardiography is currently the method of choice for clinical assessment of RV longitudinal strain (RVLS). The methodology of 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography to obtain RVLS has been recently standardized and demonstrated to be feasible, accurate, and robust for clinical use. Inter-technique and inter-vendor comparability and reliability of RVLS are improving. RVLS is advantageous because it is more sensitive to subtle changes in myocardial function than conventional parameters used to assess RV function (i.e. tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, tissue Doppler systolic velocity, fractional area change, or RV ejection fraction) representing a sensitive tool for the long-term follow-up of patients. Proper interpretation of measurements requires a deep understanding of RV mechanics and pathologic tissue characteristics in different cardiovascular conditions, as well as the influence of loading conditions, image properties, and tracking algorithms on RVLS measurements.
A potential future Fontan modification: preliminary in vitro data of a pressure-generating tube from engineered heart tissue
Authors: Köhne Maria , Behrens Charlotta Sophie , Stüdemann Tim , Bibra Constantin von , Querdel Eva , Shibamiya Aya , Geertz Birgit , Olfe Jakob , Hüners Ida , Jockenhövel Stefan , Hübler Michael , Eschenhagen Thomas , Sachweh Jörg Siegmar , Weinberger Florian , Biermann Daniel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Univentricular malformations are severe cardiac lesions with limited therapeutic options and a poor long-term outcome. The staged surgical palliation (Fontan principle) results in a circulation in which venous return is conducted to the pulmonary arteries via passive laminar flow. We aimed to generate a contractile subpulmonary neo-ventricle from engineered heart tissue (EHT) to drive pulmonary flow actively.

METHODS
A three-dimensional tubular EHT (1.8-cm length, 6-mm inner diameter, ca. 1-mm wall thickness) was created by casting human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (0.9 ml, 18 mio/ml) embedded in a fibrin-based hydrogel around a silicone tube. EHTs were cultured under continuous, pulsatile flow through the silicone tube for 23 days.

RESULTS
The constructs started to beat macroscopically at days 8–14 and remained stable in size and shape over the whole culture period. Tubular EHTs showed a coherent beating pattern after 23 days in culture, and isovolumetric pressure measurements demonstrated a coherent pulsatile wave formation with an average frequency of 77 ± 5 beats/min and an average pressure of 0.2 mmHg. Histological analysis revealed cardiomyocytes mainly localized along the inner and outer curvature of the tubular wall with mainly longitudinal alignment. Cell density in the center of the tubular wall was lower.

CONCLUSIONS
A simple tube-shaped contractile EHT was generated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells and developed a synchronous beating pattern. Further steps need to focus on optimizing support materials, flow rates and geometry to obtain a construct that creates sufficient pressures to support a directed and pulsatile blood flow.
A growth area
Authors: Decrausaz Sarah-Louise , Cameron Michelle E 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStudies of living children demonstrate that early life stress impacts linear growth outcomes. Stresses affecting linear growth may also impact later life health outcomes, including increased cardiometabolic disease risk. Palaeopathologists also assess the growth of children recovered from bioarchaeological contexts. Early life stresses are inferred to affect linear growth outcomes, and measurements of skeletal linear dimensions alongside other bioarchaeological information may indicate the types of challenges faced by past groups. In clinical settings, the impacts of stress on growing children are typically measured by examining height. Palaeopathologists are limited to examining bone dimensions directly and must grapple with incomplete pictures of childhood experiences that may affect growth. Palaeopathologists may use clinical growth studies to inform observations among past children; however, there may be issues with this approach. Here, we review the relationship between contemporary and palaeopathological studies of child and adolescent growth. We identify approaches to help bridge the gap between palaeopathological and biomedical growth studies. We advocate for: the creation of bone-specific growth reference information using medical imaging and greater examination of limb proportions; the inclusion of children from different global regions and life circumstances in contemporary bone growth studies; and greater collaboration and dialogue between palaeopathologists and clinicians as new studies are designed to assess linear growth past and present. We advocate for building stronger bridges between these fields to improve interpretations of growth patterns across human history and to potentially improve interventions for children living and growing today.
Seismic anisotropy beneath the Kumaun–Garhwal Himalaya using core-refracted shear wave phases
Authors: Kumar V Pavan , Gupta Sandeep , Borah Kajaljyoti , Prakasam K S , Rai S S 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARY
We investigate the nature of seismic anisotropy in the Kumaun–Garhwal Himalaya by analysing the core-refracted shear wave splitting phases (SK(K)S, PKS) recorded at 42 broad-band seismic stations. The mean fast anisotropy directions are mostly in ∼E–W and a few in the ∼NE–SW directions. The mean delay time decreases progressively from ∼1.0 s beneath the Sub Himalaya to ∼0.5 s at the Higher Himalaya. The observed seismic anisotropy suggests that the ongoing deformation beneath the Kumaun–Garhwal Himalaya has a large contribution by the relative rotation of the asthenospheric flow by the compression along the Indian Plate motion direction in this collision zone. Also, the southward transportation of the mid-crustal flow is probably responsible for the reduction in the delay times in the Main Central Thrust zone and further north than in the Sub-to-Lower Himalaya. The splitting parameters indicate a complex pattern of deformation beneath the Kumaun–Garhwal Himalaya with contribution from crust, lithospheric mantle and asthenospheric mantle.
Influence of PRKCE non-synonymous variants on protein dynamics and functionality
Authors: Khan Khushbukhat , Shah Hania , Rehman Areeba , Badshah Yasmin , Ashraf Naeem M , Shabbir Maria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNovel protein kinase C (nPKC) family member, protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) is an AGC kinase superfamily member. It is associated with neurological and metabolic diseases as well as human cancers. No study so far has been conducted to identify genetic variations and their effect on PKCε folding and functioning. The present study aimed to identify mutational hotspots in PKCε and disease-causing non-synonymous variants (nsSNPs) along with the investigation of nsSNP impact on protein dynamics. Twenty-nine in silico tools were applied to determine nsSNP deleteriousness, their impact on protein dynamics and disease association, along with the prediction of PKCε post-translational modification (PTM) sites. The present study’s outcomes indicated that most nsSNPs were concentrated in the PKCε hinge region and C-terminal tail. Most pathogenic variants mapped to the kinase domain. Regulatory domain variants influenced PKCε interaction with molecular players whereas kinase domain variants were predicted to impact its phosphorylation pattern and protein–protein interactions. Most PTM sites were mapped to the hinge region. PKCε nsSNPs have an association with oncogenicity and its expression dysregulation is responsible for poor overall survival. Understanding nsSNP structural impact is a primary step necessary for delineating the relationship of genetic level differences with protein phenotype. The obtained knowledge can eventually help in disease diagnosis and therapy design.
Surgical Apgar score could predict complications after esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zheng Chao , Luo Chao , Xie Kai , Li Jiang-Shan , Zhou Hai , Hu Li-Wen , Wang Gao-Ming , Shen Yi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Esophagectomy is the most effective treatment for oesophageal cancer, although the incidence of postoperative complications remains high. Severe major complications, such as intrathoracic anastomotic leakage, are costly and life-threatening to patients. Therefore, early identification of postoperative complications is essential. The surgical Apgar score (SAS) was introduced by Gawande and colleagues to predict major complications after oesophagectomy. Several studies were carried out with inconsistent results.

METHODS
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies regarding SAS and oesophagectomy. Forest plots were generated using a random-effects model to investigate the actual predictive value of SAS in identifying major complications after oesophagectomy.

RESULTS
Nine retrospective cohort studies were finally identified from selected electronic databases. The meta-analysis demonstrated that SAS could forecast the incidence of postoperative complications (odds ratio = 1.82, 95% confidence interval: 1.43–2.33, P &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis validated the predictive value of SAS whether as continuous or discrete variables. In addition, a meta-analysis of 4 studies demonstrated that SAS could predict the incidence of pulmonary complications (odds ratio = 2.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.61–3.36, P &lt; 0.001). Significant heterogeneity but no publication bias was found.

CONCLUSIONS
Lower SAS scores could predict the incidence of major morbidities and pulmonary complications after oesophagectomy. Significant heterogeneity limits the reliability of the results, even if publication bias is not observed. More high-quality prospective research should be conducted to verify the findings. PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42020209004.