bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with high bleeding risk undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Junyan , Chen Zhongxiu , Li Chen , Wang Duolao , He Siyu , Luo Chaoyu , Luo Fangbo , He Yong 
Published: September 2022

Background
The efficacy and safety of an abbreviated duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with high bleeding risk (HBR) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (PCI-HBR patients) remain controversial.

Methods
The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Ovid MEDLINE databases were searched. Studies that enrolled PCI-HBR patients as research subjects, compared different DAPT durations, and reported incidences of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and net adverse clinical events (NACE) in PCI-HBR patients were obtained. The studies were stratified according to the DAPT duration (1, 3, and 6 months), and meta-analysis was subsequently performed.

Results
Nine studies (10 cohorts) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with those who received DAPT for >1 month, PCI-HBR patients who received the 1-month DAPT regimen had comparable risks of NACE and MACE. Compared to those who received DAPT for >3 months, the risk of developing MACE in PCI-HBR patients who received the 3-month DAPT was not increased; however, the risk of ischemic stroke and stent thrombosis increased. Compared to those who received DAPT for >6 months, patients who received the 6-month DAPT had a reduction in the risk of major bleeding without an increase in NACE and MACE.

Conclusions
Shortening the DAPT regimen to 1 or 6 months did not increase the risk of MACE, and the 6-month DAPT regimen reduced the risk of major bleeding. However, the 3-month DAPT regimen increased the risk of ischemic stroke. Thus, shortened DAPT reduced the risk of MACE and bleeding, with a small absolute increase in ischemic strokes.
Switching to tenofovir alafenamide versus continued therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients who were treated with entecavir: A prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled study
Authors: Sato Kosuke , Inoue Jun , Akahane Takehiro , Kobayashi Tomoo , Sato Shuichi , Kisara Norihiro , Ninomiya Masashi , Iwata Tomoaki , Sano Akitoshi , Tsuruoka Mio , Onuki Masazumi , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: September 2022

Backgrounds:
Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) have been used widely to treat patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, but it is still unclear how best to use these drugs. Although some studies compared the efficacies of treatment switch from ETV to TAF, there has been no randomized study.

Methods:
We performed a prospective multicenter randomized controlled study in which subjects were enrolled from April 2018 to June 2019 and observed for 2 years until March 2021 to clarify the efficacy and safety of switching from ETV to TAF.

Results:
Thirty-three patients were enrolled and randomized into 2 groups, and a total of 30 patients were evaluated; a TAF-switching group (n = 16) and an ETV-continuing group (n = 14). The mean age of the 30 patients was 61 years old and 18 patients (60%) were male. The serum HBV DNA in all patients were below detection limit. The mean change in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels after 2 years was not significantly different between the TAF and ETV groups (–0.08 vs –0.20 log IU/mL, P = .07). Comparing the group with a HBsAg decline (≤ –0.1 log IU/mL) and a group without a HBsAg decline in an overall analysis, the prior ETV duration was significantly shorter in the HBsAg-declined group (49 vs 92 months, P = .03). Although the eGFR levels tended to decrease in the TAF group compared to ETV (–6.15 vs –2.26 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = .09), no significant differences were observed in patients with baseline eGFR < 60 (–2.49 vs 0.40 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = .25).

Conclusion:
The efficacy and safety were comparable in the TAF-switching group and the ETV-continuing group. Because the present study was conducted in limited patients, a larger study will be required.
A case report of pelviscopic resection of lipoleiomyoma originating from the uterine cervix in a postmenopausal woman
Authors: Kim Yun Sook , Lee Ji Hye 
Published: September 2022

Rationale:
Lipoleiomyoma is a rare neoplasm of the uterus. It is considered a variant of uterine myomas. Its reported incidence varies from 0.03% to 0.2%. Lipoleiomyoma consists of variable proportions of mature lipocytes and smooth muscle cells. These tumors generally occur in asymptomatic obese perimenopausal or postmenopausal women. About 90.7% of lipoleiomyomas arise from the uterine corpus, with only 6.5% arising from the cervix. When it occurs in the cervix, it is difficult to diagnose and treat it. We report an uncommon case of pelviscopic resection of uterine cervical lipoleiomyoma showing continuous growth after menopause.

Patient concerns:
A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman was diagnosed with 40 mm-sized uterine myoma 4 years ago. The size of the mass increased to 58 mm in the last year.

Diagnoses:
An ultrasound scan revealed a 58 × 34-mm-sized round hyperechogenic and barely vascularity mass that appeared to have originated on the left side of the uterine cervix. Final pathologic findings showed lipoleiomyoma.

Interventions:
After admission to the hospital, we performed pelviscopic removal of uterine lipoleiomyoma and both tubes. Microscopic examination revealed a significant amount of fat cells between muscle cells.

Outcomes:
Surgeries were successful. The patient had been followed up regularly for three years after surgery. She did not experience any complications. She remained disease-free.

Lessons:
Although lipoleiomyomas mainly occur in postmenopausal women, they can also occur in the uterine cervix. They can increase in size after menopause. They can be removed laparoscopically. If a hyperechoic mass occurred in the uterus after menopause that keeps growing without symptoms, a differential diagnosis of lipoleiomyomas must be performed.
A bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 and physical activity
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Chen Mengtong , Liu Chunlong , Zhang Zhijie , Fu Xihua 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Due to the huge impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on a global scale, the level of physical activity during confinement has become a widespread concern. This study summarizes the development of performance and research trends in COVID-19 and physical activity over the last 3 years.

Methods:
Research publications on COVID-19 and physical activity in the past 3 years were downloaded from the Web of Science database. CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to analyze the authors, published outputs, journals, cited authors, countries and institutions, co-cited journals, cited references, and keywords. Statistical and centrality analyses were used to identify the active authors, core journals, basic references, hot topics, and cutting-edge fields.

Results:
A total of 1331 papers was retrieved. SMITH L was a prolific author in the field of exercise intervention in COVID-19 with 11 publications. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health was the most productive journal (179 publications) and the most cited journal (1324). The most productive countries and institutions in this field were the USA (322 publications) and Harvard Medical School (21 publications). The four hot keywords in COVID-19 and physical activity research were physical activity, exercise, health, and mental health.

Conclusions:
This study provides researchers with directions to intervene in changing levels of physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic and valuable information for researchers in the field of sports medicine to identify potential collaborators, collaborating institutions, hot issues, and research frontiers.
Identification of key snoRNAs serves as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma by bioinformatics methods
Authors: Xie Qingqing , Zhang Di , Ye Huifeng , Wu Zhitong , Sun Yifan , Shen Haoming 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis due to a lack of predictive markers. However, research on small nuclear RNAs (snoRNAs) in HCC were very little. This study aimed to identify a potential diagnostic and prognostic snoRNA signature for HCC.

Methods:
HCC datasets from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and international cancer genome consortium (ICGC) cohorts were used. Differentially expressed snoRNA (DEs) were identified using the limma package. Based on the DEs, diagnostic and prognostic models were established by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and COX analysis, and Kaplan–Meier (K–M) survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of signatures. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were used to analyze the risk score and further explore the potential correlation between the risk groups and tumor immune status in TCGA. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to determine the functions of key snoRNAs.

Results:
We constructed a 6-snoRNAs signature which could classify patients into high- or low-risk groups and found that patients in the high-risk group had a worse prognosis than those in the low-risk group and were significantly involved in p53 processes. Tumor immune status analysis revealed that CTLA4 and PDCD1 (PD1) were highly expressed in the high-risk group, which responded to PD1 inhibitor therapy. Additionally, a 25-snoRNAs diagnostic signature was constructed with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.933 for distinguishing HCCs from normal controls. Finally, 3 key snoRNAs (SNORA11, SNORD124, and SNORD46) were identified with both diagnostic and prognostic efficacy, some of which were closely related to the spliceosome and Notch signaling pathways.

Conclusions:
Our study identified 6 snoRNAs that may serve as novel prognostic models and 3 key snoRNAs with both diagnostic and prognostic efficacy for HCC.
Predictors of survival for pediatric extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sood Nitish , Sangari Anish , Goyal Arnav , Conway J. Arden S. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The use of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has improved survival in patients with cardiac arrest; however, factors predicting survival remain poorly characterized. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the predictors of survival of ECPR in pediatric patients.

Methods:
We searched EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library from 2010 to 2021 for pediatric ECPR studies comparing survivors and non-survivors. Thirty outcomes were analyzed and classified into 5 categories: demographics, pre-ECPR laboratory measurements, pre-ECPR co-morbidities, intra-ECPR characteristics, and post-ECPR complications.

Results:
Thirty studies (n = 3794) were included. Pooled survival to hospital discharge (SHD) was 44% (95% CI: 40%–47%, I
2 = 67%). Significant predictors of survival for pediatric ECPR include the pre-ECPR lab measurements of PaO2, pH, lactate, PaCO2, and creatinine, pre-ECPR comorbidities of single ventricle (SV) physiology, renal failure, sepsis, ECPR characteristics of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) duration, ECMO flow rate at 24 hours, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) duration, shockable rhythm, intra-ECPR neurological complications, and post-ECPR complications of pulmonary hemorrhage, renal failure, and sepsis.

Conclusion:
Prior to ECPR initiation, increased CPR duration and lactate levels had among the highest associations with mortality, followed by pH. After ECPR initiation, pulmonary hemorrhage and neurological complications were most predictive for survival. Clinicians should focus on these factors to better inform potential prognosis of patients, advise appropriate patient selection, and improve ECPR program effectiveness.
Sugammadex for reversing neuromuscular blockages after lung surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Jia-Li , Chen Kuen-Bao , Shen Mei-Ling , Hsu Wei-Ti , Lai Yu-Wen , Hsu Chieh-Min 
Published: September 2022

Background:
This study determined whether sugammadex was associated with a lower risk of postoperative pulmonary complications and improved outcomes in lung surgeries.

Methods:
A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from January 2000 to March 2022. The characteristics of lung surgeries using sugammadex treatment compared with control drugs and postoperative outcomes were retrieved. The primary outcome was estimated through a pooled odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) was identified using a random-effects model.

Results:
From 465 citations, 7 studies with 453 patients receiving sugammadex and 452 patients receiving a control were included. The risk of postoperative pulmonary complication (PPCs) was lower in the sugammadex group than in the control group. Also, it showed that the effect of sugammadex on PPCs in the subgroup analysis was significantly assessed on the basis of atelectasis or non-atelectasis. Furthermore, subgroup analysis based on the relationship between high body mass index (BMI) and PPCs also showed that sugammadex had less occurrence in both the high BMI (defined as BMI ≥ 25) and low BMI groups. No difference in length of hospital stay (LOS) between the two groups was observed.

Conclusion:
This study observed that although reversing neuromuscular blockages with sugammadex in patients undergoing thoracic surgery recorded fewer PPCs and shorter extubation periods than conventional reversal agents, no difference in LOS, postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) stay length and chest tube insertion duration in both groups was observed.
Plasma and vitreous selenium concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Wang Chunmiao , Ran Ruijin , Jin Xin , Zhu Xiaohong 
Published: September 2022

Background:
This work aimed to determine and compare plasma and vitreous selenium (Se) concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods:
A total of 60 type-2-diabetes patients including 20 without DR, 20 with non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and 20 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), were involved in this study. Blood plasma samples were collected from above 60 patients and 20 normal controls (without diabetes). Twenty control vitreous samples were obtained from the eyes presenting a macular hole and epimacular membrane. Vitreous samples were also collected from PDR patients receiving one-week intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy or not. Plasma and vitreous Se concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Results:
Plasma Se concentrations in PDR patients (163.74 ± 32.68 μg/L) were significantly higher than those in normal control patients (121.59 ± 28.33 μg/L), NPDR patients (130.34 ± 29.11 μg/L), and the patients without DR (81.23 ± 20.59 μg/L) (all P < .001). Similarly, Se concentrations in vitreous samples of PDR patients (56.30 ± 12.03 μg/L) were consistently higher than those in control vitreous samples (26.26 ± 6.53 μg/L). In addition, vitreous Se concentrations in PDR patients decreased to 47.76 ± 9.72 μg/L after intravitreal injection of the anti-VEGF drug ranibizumab for one week, which was significantly lower than those before injection (P = .02). Plasma VEGF levels of diabetic patients were lower than those of the normal controls (P < .001). On the contrary, the vitreous VEGF level in the PDR group (913.61 ± 193.32 pg/mL) was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (101.23 ± 21.33 pg/mL) (P < .001).

Conclusion:
The elevation of Se concentrations may be an important risk factor in plasma and vitreous with diabetic retinopathy among type-2-diabetes patients. The elevated VEGF may be also closely related to the intraocular Se concentration in PDR patients.
Floating-dislocated elbow in adults: Case reports and literature review
Authors: Veliceasa Bogdan , Pertea Mihaela , Popescu Dragos , Carp Claudiu Adrian , Pinzaru Roxana , Huzum Bogdan , Alexa Ovidiu , Strobescu-Ciobanu Cristina , Filip Alexandru 
Published: September 2022

Rationale:
Floating-dislocated elbow is a severe and extremely rare injury in adults. Reviewing the literature, we found around 6 case reports regarding floating-dislocated elbow in adults.

Patient concerns and diagnoses:
We report 2 cases of this unusual injury association. Both patients suffered a high energy trauma – fall from a height. Initial X-rays (radiography) revealed in both cases the fractures above and below the elbow (floating elbow) and associated elbow dislocation (floating-dislocated elbow). One case was a type IIIB Gustilo-Anderson open fracture-dislocation with an intra-articular component (olecranon fracture).

Interventions and outcomes:
Each case had his own management problem regarding what to treat first: the dislocation or the associated fractures? Fractures were treated surgically by reduction and internal fixation, and after elbow dislocation reduction, the upper limb was immobilized in a long, well-padded plaster, with the elbow in 90° of flexion, for 3 weeks. Bone union was observed radiographically at 2 months after surgery in both cases. At the 2-year follow-up we recorded full upper limb recovery in terms of muscular trophism and elbow full range of motion.

Lessons:
In addition to adding 2 new cases to a lower number of such lesion associations in adults, we also added a new variant of floating-dislocated elbow which has not been reported until now in the literature. Prompt management of these injuries, with stable fixation of the fractures allowed for early rehabilitation with excellent 2-years functional outcome.
An Overview of Mindfulness-Oriented Addiction and Pain Recovery
Authors: Biedlingmaier Andrew J. , Yovankin Timothy G. , Koola Maju Mathew , Yanuck Michael , Varghese Sajoy Purathumuriyil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There is evidence that mindfulness-based interventions are effective as stress-reduction techniques in people with various stressor-related disorders. Research also shows overall improvement in mental health well-being in practitioners of mindfulness. However, there is limited literature probing the potential negative impacts of mindfulness practice. Relapse is a major challenge in substance use disorders (SUDs), particularly for people with chronic pain. There is an overlap between SUDs and chronic pain, which share common pathophysiological pathways that could contribute to poor pain control and mental instability. In this report, we discuss the possible effects of mindfulness on specified aspects of substance craving and chronic pain perception. We propose future directions for research in mindfulness practices to maximize the potential for relapse prevention and pain control.
Prolonged Impact of COVID-19 on Job Prospects and Training for Pediatric Gastroenterology Fellows in North America
Authors: Sanchez Raul E. , Grossman Arielle , Irastorza Laura E. , Mallon Daniel , Lee Christine K. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
As the COVID-19 pandemic persisted into the 2020 to 2021 academic year, there was a continued effect on graduate medical education trainees and graduating trainee job attainment. Our survey aims to investigate how the pandemic has continued to affect job search and attainment for pediatric gastroenterology fellows as well as to re-evaluate the pandemic’s impact on pediatric gastroenterology fellow educational experiences.

Methods:
An anonymous survey was distributed to all North American pediatric gastroenterology fellows from May to June 2021. Survey questions included topics related to job search and fellowship training and were tailored to respondent year of training.

Results:
Of 453 pediatric gastroenterology fellows in the 2020 to 2021 academic year, 158 fellows (35%) responded to the survey. Of graduating fellow respondents with job contracts, 74% reported willingness to make compromises in their job search, 76% reported accepting academic positions that were primary clinical, and 42% estimated staying at their accepted job for less than 5 years. When asked about the impact of COVID-19 on various aspects of fellowship education, a negative impact was reported in the following areas: 76% in research, 94% in clinical experience, 73% in procedural skills, and 84% in didactics.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to make a significant impact on pediatric gastroenterology fellowship education and the job attainment process. Regarding accepted job positions, we found substantial willingness to compromise, a shorter duration to stay at the job than expected, and minimal research focus. This raises concern regarding job preparedness and satisfaction as fellows complete their medical training.
The Selection Landscape and Genetic Legacy of Ancient Eurasians
Authors: Irving-Pease Evan K. , Refoyo-Martínez Alba , Ingason Andrés , Pearson Alice , Fischer Anders , Barrie William , Sjögren Karl-Göran , Halgren Alma S. , Macleod Ruairidh , Demeter Fabrice , Henriksen Rasmus A. , Vimala Tharsika , McColl Hugh , Vaughn Andrew , Stern Aaron J. , Speidel Leo , Scorrano Gabriele , Ramsøe Abigail , Schork Andrew J. , Rosengren Anders , Zhao Lei , Kristiansen Kristian , Sudmant Peter H. , Lawson Daniel J. , Durbin Richard , Korneliussen Thorfinn , Werge Thomas , Allentoft Morten E. , Sikora Martin , Nielsen Rasmus , Racimo Fernando , Willerslev Eske 
Published: September 2022

Summary
The Eurasian Holocene (beginning c. 12 thousand years ago) encompassed some
of the most significant changes in human evolution, with far-reaching
consequences for the dietary, physical and mental health of present-day
populations. Using an imputed dataset of >1600 complete ancient genome
sequences, and new computational methods for locating selection in time and
space, we reconstructed the selection landscape of the transition from hunting
and gathering, to farming and pastoralism across West Eurasia. We identify major
selection signals related to metabolism, possibly associated with the dietary
shift occurring in this period. We show that the selection on loci such as the
FADS cluster, associated with fatty acid metabolism, and the lactase persistence
locus, began earlier than previously thought. A substantial amount of selection
is also found in the HLA region and other loci associated with immunity,
possibly due to the increased exposure to pathogens during the Neolithic, which
may explain the current high prevalence of auto-immune disease, such as
psoriasis, due to genetic trade-offs. By using ancient populations to infer
local ancestry tracks in hundreds of thousands of samples from the UK Biobank,
we find strong genetic differentiation among ancient Europeans in loci
associated with anthropometric traits and susceptibility to several diseases
that contribute to present-day disease burden. These were previously thought to
be caused by local selection, but in fact can be attributed to differential
genetic contributions from various source populations that are ancestral to
present-day Europeans. Thus, alleles associated with increased height seem to
have increased in frequency following the Yamnaya migration into northwestern
Europe around 5,000 years ago. Alleles associated with increased risk of some
mood-related phenotypes are overrepresented in the farmer ancestry component
entering Europe from Anatolia around 11,000 years ago, while western
hunter-gatherers show a strikingly high contribution of alleles conferring risk
of traits related to diabetes. Our results paint a picture of the combined
contributions of migration and selection in shaping the phenotypic landscape of
present-day Europeans that suggests a combination of ancient selection and
migration, rather than recent local selection, is the primary driver of
present-day phenotypic differences in Europe.