bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical utility and prognostic implications of the 4S‐AF scheme: Report from Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society Atrial Fibrillation Registry
Authors: Chao Tze‐Fan , Tse Hung‐Fat , Teo Wee‐Siong , Park Hyung‐Wook , Shimizu Wataru , Chen Shih‐Ann , Lip Gregory Y. H. ,   Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society Atrial Fibrillation Registry Investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe 4S‐AF classification scheme comprises of four domains (stroke risk [St], symptoms [Sy], severity of atrial fibrillation (AF) burden [Sb] and substrate [Su]), which has been recommended in the 2020 ESC guidelines to characterize and evaluate patients with AF.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine whether the 4S‐AF scheme would be useful for AF characterization and provides prognostic information in a large contemporary prospective Asian registry conducted by the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS).MethodsAmong 4666 patients enrolled in APHRS registry, 3586 of them whose data about left atrial (LA) dimension and European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) symptom score were available have constituted as the study population. The 4S‐AF score was calculated as the sum of each domain with a maximum score of 9. The clinical endpoint was defined as the 1‐year composite risk of any thromboembolic event, ischaemic stroke, heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, significant coronary artery disease requiring coronary intervention and all‐cause mortality.ResultsBased on the 4S‐AF domains, 86.7% were ‘non‐low risk’ for stroke; 94.3% had EHRA Class I‐II, 48.5% were newly diagnosed or paroxysmal AF; and only 8.4% had no cardiovascular risk factors or LA enlargement. The risk of clinical events was higher in patients who were ‘non‐low risk’ for stroke (aOR 2.175, 95% CI 1.060–4.461), with permanent AF (aOR 1.579, 95% CI 1.106–2.225) and increasing points for substrate (aORs 2.376–4.968 from score 2 to 4). When compared to the first tertile of 4S‐AF score (0–3 points), patients in the second tertile (4–5 points) had approximately 2.5‐fold increase in adverse events (OR 2.478, 95% CI 1.678–3.661, p < .001), while those in the third tertile (6–9 points), had a 3.5‐fold increase (OR 3.484, 95% CI 2.322–5.226, p < .001), both without significant differences between the 5 participating countries (p for interaction > .05). If all 4S‐AF domains were appropriately treated, this was associated with a lower risk of composite clinical outcomes (aOR 0.384, p < .001; p for interaction for different countries = .234).ConclusionsCategorization according to the 4S‐AF scheme can be related to the risk of the composite adverse event rate in Asian AF patients, and appropriate treatments based on the 4S‐AF scheme resulted in better clinical outcomes. These observations support the characterization and management according to the 4S‐AF scheme in Asian patients.
Two sorts of natural history: On a central concept in critical theory and ethical naturalism
Authors: Hogh Philip 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe concept of natural history has received a great deal of attention in contemporary practical philosophy, especially as a result of Michael Thompson's concept of natural‐historical judgments which aims to explain the normativity of the human life‐form. With this concept, the norms effective in a life‐form are understood as something natural and constitutive for that life‐form. Although Thompson does not present a historical‐philosophical model, he claims to be able to determine the normativity of the historically developing human life‐form. By contrast, Theodor W. Adorno developed his own concept of natural history on the one hand as an interpretative conceptual model of historical reality, on the other hand, to indicate the normativity of the natural‐historical course of human history itself. The normativity of natural history that Adorno focuses on is historically and socially determined, in contrast to the categorically conceived natural normativity that is at the heart of Thompson's approach. This article analyses the similarities and differences between the two approaches in such a way that it becomes clear to what extent ethical naturalism also provides possibilities for critique that can be made fruitful for a critical theory inspired by Adorno.
Diabetic neuropathy is a generalized phenomenon with impact on hand functional performance and quality of life
Authors: Kender Zoltan , Groener Jan B. , Jende Johann M. E. , Kurz Felix T. , Fleming Thomas , Sulaj Alba , Schuh‐Hofer Sigrid , Treede Rolf‐Detlef , Bendszus Martin , Szendroedi Julia , Nawroth Peter P. , Kopf Stefan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeDiabetic sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy is usually considered to affect predominantly the lower limbs (LL‐N), whereas the impact of upper limb neuropathy (UL‐N) on hand functional performance and quality of life (QoL) has not been evaluated systematically. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of UL‐N and its functional and psychosocial consequences in type 2 diabetes.MethodsIndividuals with type 2 diabetes (n = 141) and an age‐ and sex‐matched control group (n = 73) underwent comprehensive assessment of neuropathy, hand functional performance, and psychosocial status.ResultsThe prevalence of UL‐N was 30.5% in patients with diabetes and that of LL‐N was 49.6%, with 25.5% exhibiting both. Patients with diabetes showed similar sensory phenotype regarding both large and small fiber functions in hands and feet. Patients with UL‐N showed reduced manual dexterity, but normal hand grip force. Additionally, there was a correlation between reduced dexterity and sensory deficits. Patients with UL‐N had reduced estimates of psychosocial health including health‐related QoL compared to control subjects and patients without UL‐N. UL‐N correlated with the severity of LL‐N, but not with duration of diabetes, glycemia, age, or sex.ConclusionsThis study points to a substantial prevalence of UL‐N in type 2 diabetes. The sensory phenotype of patients with UL‐N was similar to LL‐N and was characterized by loss of sensory function. Our study demonstrated an association of UL‐N with impaired manual dexterity and reduced health‐related QoL. Thus, upper limb sensorimotor functions should be assessed early in patients with diabetes.
Evidence supporting deep brain stimulation of the medial septum in the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Cole Eric R. , Grogan Dayton P. , Laxpati Nealen G. , Fernandez Alejandra M. , Skelton Henry M. , Isbaine Faical , Gutekunst Claire‐Anne , Gross Robert E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractElectrical brain stimulation has become an essential treatment option for more than one third of epilepsy patients who are resistant to pharmacological therapy and are not candidates for surgical resection. However, currently approved stimulation paradigms achieve only moderate success, on average providing approximately 75% reduction in seizure frequency and extended periods of seizure freedom in nearly 20% of patients. Outcomes from electrical stimulation may be improved through the identification of novel anatomical targets, particularly those with significant anatomical and functional connectivity to the epileptogenic zone. Multiple studies have investigated the medial septal nucleus (i.e., medial septum) as such a target for the treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. The medial septum is a small midline nucleus that provides a critical functional role in modulating the hippocampal theta rhythm, a 4–7‐Hz electrophysiological oscillation mechanistically associated with memory and higher order cognition in both rodents and humans. Elevated theta oscillations are thought to represent a seizure‐resistant network activity state, suggesting that electrical neuromodulation of the medial septum and restoration of theta‐rhythmic physiology may not only reduce seizure frequency, but also restore cognitive comorbidities associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Here, we review the anatomical and physiological function of the septohippocampal network, evidence for seizure‐resistant effects of the theta rhythm, and the results of stimulation experiments across both rodent and human studies, to argue that deep brain stimulation of the medial septum holds potential to provide an effective neuromodulation treatment for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. We conclude by discussing the considerations necessary for further evaluating this treatment paradigm with a clinical trial.
Application of electrolysed water in the quality and safety control of fruits and vegetables: A review
Authors: Lu Ling , Guo Hongyan , Kang Ningbo , He Xiaoguang , Liu Guishan , Li Juan , He Xiaoling , Yan Xiaoxia , Yu Hao 
Published: June 2022

SummaryFruits and vegetables (F&V) provide people with a variety of essential vitamins, antioxidants and dietary fibre, thus constituting integral components of human diet. With the surge of interest in F&V, their consumption ratio has kept increasing in recent years. Unfortunately, microorganisms and pesticide residues on the surfaces of F&V may be hazardous to humans. As an emerging technology, electrolysed water (EW) shows great application potential in reducing these hazards. EW treatment not only effectively removes microorganisms from F&V but also degrades pesticide residues on their surfaces. In addition, EW treatment affects the physiological metabolism of harvested F&V, which is conducive to maintain their sensory quality and nutritional value. This article reviews the principles of EW preparation, advantages and disadvantages, and the application of EW in F&V in the last decade, including disinfection of irrigation water, removal of pesticide residues, disinfection after harvest its effects on physicochemical parameters and enzyme activity of F&V, etc. Moreover, the combination of EW and other technology, including ozone, short‐time heat treatment, ultraviolet irradiation and ultrasound, to further improve the quality control effects of F&V is discussed.
Using pooled data for genomic prediction in a bivariate framework with missing data
Authors: Baller Johnna L. , Kachman Stephen D. , Kuehn Larry A. , Spangler Matthew L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPooling samples to derive group genotypes can enable the economically efficient use of commercial animals within genetic evaluations. To test a multivariate framework for genetic evaluations using pooled data, simulation was used to mimic a beef cattle population including two moderately heritable traits with varying genetic correlations, genotypes and pedigree data. There were 15 generations (n = 32,000; random selection and mating), and the last generation was subjected to genotyping through pooling. Missing records were induced in two ways: (a) sequential culling and (b) random missing records. Gaps in genotyping were also explored whereby genotyping occurred through generation 13 or 14. Pools of 1, 20, 50 and 100 animals were constructed randomly or by minimizing phenotypic variation. The EBV was estimated using a bivariate single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction model. Pools of 20 animals constructed by minimizing phenotypic variation generally led to accuracies that were not different than using individual progeny data. Gaps in genotyping led to significantly different EBV accuracies (p < .05) for sires and dams born in the generation nearest the pools. Pooling of any size generally led to larger accuracies than no information from generation 15 regardless of the way missing records arose, the percentage of records available or the genetic correlation. Pooling to aid in the use of commercial data in genetic evaluations can be utilized in multivariate cases with varying relationships between the traits and in the presence of systematic and randomly missing phenotypes.
Association between plasma Vitamin B5 levels and all‐cause mortality: A nested case‐control study
Authors: Hong Yuan , Zhou Ziyi , Zhang Nan , He Qiangqiang , Guo Zhangyou , Liu Lishun , Song Yun , Chen Ping , Wei Yaping , Xu Qiuyue , Li Ya , Wang Binyan , Qin Xianhui , Xu Xiping , Duan Yong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the prospective association of vitamin B5 with all‐cause mortality and explore its potential modifiers in Chinese adults with hypertension. A nested, case‐control study was conducted in the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial, including 505 deaths of all causes and 505 matched controls. The median follow‐up duration was 4.5 years. The primary outcome measure in this investigation was all‐cause mortality, which encompassed deaths for any reason. The mean plasma vitamin B5 concentration for cases (43.7 ng/mL) was higher than that in controls (40.9 ng/mL) (p = .001). When vitamin B5 was further assessed as quintiles, compared with the reference group (Q1: < 33.0 ng/mL), the risk of all‐cause mortality increased by 29% (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.83‐2.01) in Q2, 22% (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.77‐1.94) in Q3, 62% (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.00‐2.62) in Q4, and 77% (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.06‐2.95) in Q5. The trend test was significant (p = .022). When Q4‐Q5 were combined, a significant 41% increment (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.95) in all‐cause death risk was found compared with Q1‐Q3. The adverse effects were more pronounced in those with normal folate levels (p‐interaction = .019) and older people (p‐interaction = .037). This study suggests that higher baseline levels of plasma vitamin B5 are a risk factor for all‐cause mortality among Chinese patients with hypertension, especially among older adults and those with adequate folate levels. The findings, if confirmed, may inform novel clinical and nutritional guidelines and interventions to optimize vitamin B5 levels.
Mathematical modeling and simulation of refractance window drying of mango pulp for moisture, temperature, and heat flux distribution
Authors: Kumar Manibhushan , Madhumita Mitali , Srivastava Brijesh , Prabhakar Pramod K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aims to simulate the coupled heat and mass transfer during refractance window (RW) drying of mango pulp. A simulation model was developed by considering temperature and moisture‐dependent effective diffusivity. With the help of COMSOL Multiphysics, a three‐dimensional (3D) model was developed to solve heat and mass transfer equations. RW drying of mango pulp (6 mm thick) was executed at differe temperature of 75, 80, 85, and 90°C and air velocity of .7 m/s. There was a quick rise in product temperature, and it remained constant throughout the experiment. The drying time required to reduce mango pulp's moisture content from 5.33 to .25 (g water/g dry matter) ranged between 5.7 and 8.5 h during RW drying. Surface moisture was 28, 30, 31, and 33% lower than moisture content at the bottom of pulp after 15 min of drying when drying temperatures were 75, 80, 85, and 90°C, respectively. Diffusivity increases with increasing temperature, and values range from 2.50 × 10−10 to 3.68 × 10−10 m2/s. Out of six empirical models, page, modified page, and two‐term exponentials were the best fit for drying characteristics.Practical ApplicationsThis study explores the heat and mass transfer modeling and simulation of RW drying of mango pulp. The three‐dimensional (3D) model gave a better understanding and visualized the effect of different heat source temperature combinations on temperature profile and their distribution and moisture content and their distribution throughout the sample. The method and mode used for this experiment can enable many researchers to conduct experimental studies on RW drying products. Also, a simulation model is a precise tool for forecasting drying product characteristics, drying behaviors, and physicochemical changes during the drying process. Simulation applications for better designing processes in food industries shall be more in the coming future. The present finding can be used by food processors and researchers for predicting the drying dynamics and subsequent upscaling of the RW drying process at an industrial scale.
Hot air‐assisted radiofrequency drying of avocado: Drying behavior and the associated effect on the characteristics of avocado powder
Authors: Özbek Hatice Neval , Koç Banu , Koçak Yanık Derya , Göğüş Fahrettin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHot air‐assisted radio frequency drying (HA‐RF) was performed to dry avocados and produce avocado powder. An electrode gap of 80 mm and sample thickness of 2 cm were selected as the ideal HA‐RF drying parameters. The HA‐RF drying kinetics were compared with hot air (HA) drying. The HA‐RF drying resulted in a faster and shorter drying process with the higher drying rate than HA drying. HA‐RF drying provided a 100% reduction in drying time (from 180 to 90 min) compared to the HA drying. The quality attributes of avocado powder obtained by HA‐RF drying were also assessed by comparing with HA and freeze‐dried samples. The color values, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, porosity, dispersibility, solubility, caking degree, and hygroscopicity were affected by drying methods. The HA‐RF drying resulted in higher TPC (170.91 mg GAE/100 g dw) and antioxidant activity (39.39%) in avocado powder than HA drying (154.74 mg GAE/100 g dw and 30.09%, respectively). On the other hand, freeze‐dried samples had the highest TPC (202.05 mg GAE/100 g dw) and antioxidant activity (52.65%). The HA‐RF‐dried products exhibited the lowest color change (6.49), Carr index (21.43%), Hausner ratio (1.27), and wettability (2.07 s) compared to the HA and freeze dried samples. When all quality characteristics were considered, the HA‐RF drying method was advanced to the other methods, especially in fast drying time, and was found to be the best method for producing avocado powder.Practical ApplicationsThis study explored the effect of drying methods (HA‐RF drying and HA drying) on the drying characteristics and quality of dried avocado powder and its comparison with freeze drying. The study showed that HA‐RF drying resulted in a shorter processing time than other drying methods. The HA‐RF‐dried powder quality was comparable to that of a freeze‐dried one.
Emerging approaches to multiple chronic condition assessment
Authors: Suls Jerry , Salive Marcel E. , Koroukian Siran M. , Alemi Farrokh , Silber Jeffrey H. , Kastenmüller Gabi , Klabunde Carrie N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOlder adults experience a higher prevalence of multiple chronic conditions (MCCs). Establishing the presence and pattern of MCCs in individuals or populations is important for healthcare delivery, research, and policy. This report describes four emerging approaches and discusses their potential applications for enhancing assessment, treatment, and policy for the aging population. The National Institutes of Health convened a 2‐day panel workshop of experts in 2018. Four emerging models were identified by the panel, including classification and regression tree (CART), qualifying comorbidity sets (QCS), the multimorbidity index (MMI), and the application of omics to network medicine. Future research into models of multiple chronic condition assessment may improve understanding of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of older persons.
Predictors of breast self‐examination behavior among adult females in Najran city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al‐Qahtani Awad M. , Ibrahim Heba A. , Elgzar Wafaa T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the predictors of breast self‐examination (BSE) behavior among adult females in Najran city, Saudi Arabia.MethodsA descriptive correlational design was utilized to recruit 1,075 participants from the primary health centers in Najran city, Saudi Arabia, from the beginning of March to the end of October 2021. A self‐reported questionnaire was used for data collection; it consisted of demographic data and health history, breast cancer knowledge test and protection motivation theory (PMT) scale. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science software, version 23 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA).ResultsOnly 38.2% of the study participants had ever‐performed BSE. Participants' knowledge, education, previous family history of breast cancer, and personal history of benign breast tumors are significant socio‐demographic predictors of BSE behavior (p < .001). Also, the higher threats appraisal, reward appraisal, and efficacy appraisal increased the participants' probability of practicing BSE (p < .001) compared to a low level as references based on binary logistic regression results. In addition, low response cost was another predictor for BSE behavior compared with higher levels (p < .001).ConclusionParticipants' knowledge, education, previous family history of breast cancer, and the PMT constructs (threats appraisal, reward appraisal, efficacy appraisal, and response cost) were significant predictors of BSE behavior.
Correlates of sedentary behavior in Asian preschool‐aged children: A systematic review
Authors: Chen Bozhi , Kui Kiran Yan , Padmapriya Natarajan , Müller Andre Matthias , Müller‐Riemenschneider Falk 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThis systematic review aims to identify the multilevel correlates of sedentary behavior (SB) and its sub‐domains among preschool‐aged children aged 0–7 years in Asia. We systematically searched for studies published from 2000 onwards using terms related to SB correlates and Asia in six databases. Eligible studies were observational and used quantitative methods to examine correlates of total, and domain‐specific SB (screen viewing [SV] and non‐screen‐based SB) in Asian children living in Asia. Two reviewers independently screened identified references. Following quality assessment of included studies, we performed narrative synthesis to summarize the evidence on the intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental correlates of total and domain‐specific SB (PROSPERO: CRD42018095268). Twenty‐two studies from 4 regions and 12 countries/territories were included. Out of the 94 correlates explored, the following associations were consistent: older age, being a boy, non‐Chinese ethnicity (Southeast Asia), younger maternal age, higher maternal and paternal television‐viewing time with higher SV; higher SV at earlier age with higher SV and total SB; and presence of TV/computer in the bedroom with higher leisure‐time SB. We encourage more studies from low‐ and middle‐income Asian countries with an increased focus on different SB domains, further exploration of environmental correlates, and the use of objective measurements to capture SB.
The crisis of love in Michel Houellebecq’s Sérotonine
Authors: Refsum Christian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article I argue that Michel Houellebecq’s novelistic descriptions of isolated and depressed protagonists in Sérotonine (2019) and in his earlier novels should not simply be read as symptomatic of the crisis of love in late capitalism. By focusing on situations where love might or might not manifest itself, Houellebecq also explores the potentiality of love. Despite the vast reception of Houellebecq’s poems and novels, his critics have not sufficiently understood how the love theme is central throughout his work. This article explains its significance by focusing on Sérotonine and drawing lines to the earlier novels. In Sérotonine, as in Soumission (2016), the potentiality of love is closely related to an ambivalent pondering on the threshold of religion. Both novels have protagonists characterised by avoidance, negativity and indecisiveness. Love is both a potential and a testing ground for survival, on a personal as well as on a cultural level.