bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multifunctional Artificial Interphase with Fluorine‐Doped Amorphous Carbon layer for Ultra‐Stable Zn Anode
Authors: Wang Han , Chen Yuejiao , Yu Huaming , Liu Wen , Kuang Guichao , Mei Lin , Wu Zhibin , Wei Weifeng , Ji Xiaobo , Qu Baihua , Chen Libao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBuilding an artificial interphase layer for tackling uncontrollable Zn dendrites and serious side reactions is a highly desirable strategy, but it is often hampered by the limited Zn2+ transport. Here, a stable fluorine‐doped amorphous carbon (CF) artificial layer is constructed on a Cu current collector (CF‐Cu) via facile carbonization treatment of a fluoropolymer coating to realize underlying Zn deposition. As evidenced experimentally and theoretically, this inorganic CF layer with ionic conductivity and electronic insulation successfully triggers dendrite‐free Zn deposition at the CF‐Cu interface with preferred Zn(002) crystal plane stacking parallel to the substrate surface, thus greatly promoting the inhibition of Zn‐dendrites and blocking of interfacial side reactions. The introduced fluorine atoms as abundant zincophilic sites play an important role in driving fast zinc‐ion transfer kinetics, which can partly convert into ZnF2 as an artificial solid Zn2+ conductor to further guide uniform Zn deposition. Consequently, the CF‐Cu electrode enables high reversibility with 99% coulombic efficiency and a long cycling stability of 1900 cycles at 2 mA cm–2. The integrated CF‐Cu@Zn anode achieves up to 2200 h cycles with a low voltage polarization. This study provides inspiration for the design of artificial interphase layers for stable nondendritic metal batteries.
Beyond the 2D Field‐Effect Charge Transport Paradigm in Molecular Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Benvenuti Emilia , Portale Giuseppe , Brucale Marco , Quiroga Santiago D. , Baldoni Matteo , MacKenzie Roderick C. I. , Mercuri Francesco , Canola Sofia , Negri Fabrizia , Lago Nicolò , Buonomo Marco , Pollesel Andrea , Cester Andrea , Zambianchi Massimo , Melucci Manuela , Muccini Michele , Toffanin Stefano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOrganic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) are considered almost purely interfacial devices with charge current mainly confined in the first two semiconducting layers in contact with the dielectric with no active role of the film thickness exceeding six to eight monolayers (MLs). By a combined electronic, morphological, structural, and theoretical investigation, it is demonstrated that the charge mobility and source–drain current in 2,20‐(2,20‐bithiophene‐5,50‐diyl)bis(5‐butyl‐5H‐thieno[2,3‐c]pyrrole‐4,6)‐dione (NT4N) organic transistors directly correlate with the out‐of‐plane domain size and crystallite orientation in the vertical direction, well beyond the dielectric interfacial layers. Polycrystalline films with thickness as high as 75 nm (≈30 MLs) and 3D molecular architecture provide the best electrical and optoelectronic OFET characteristics, highlighting that the molecular orientational order in the bulk of the film is the key‐enabling factor for optimum device performance. X‐ray scattering analysis and multiscale simulations reveal the functional correlation between the thickness‐dependent molecular packing, electron mobility, and vertical charge distribution. These results call for a broader view of the fundamental mechanisms that govern field‐effect charge transport in OFETs beyond the interfacial 2D paradigm and demonstrate the unexpected role of the out‐of‐plane domain size and crystallite orientation in polycrystalline films to achieve optimum electronic and optoelectronic properties in organic transistors.
Highly stable monolithic titanium silicalite‐1 catalyst for 1‐butene epoxidation
Authors: Zuo Yi , Zhang Bosong , Li Tonghui , Zhang Miao , Fan Jialin , Liu Min , Xu Junbo , Yang Chao , Yang Hong , Guo Xinwen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA monolithic titanium silicalite‐1 (TS‐1) catalyst was prepared by coating TS‐1 onto a specially designed stainless‐steel support. The catalyst was used in 1‐butene epoxidation, a strong exothermic reaction, to produce butene oxide in a fixed‐bed reactor. Compared with the traditional extruded TS‐1, the monolithic catalyst demonstrates excellent catalytic stability and reusability. To understand the reason for this performance, heat conduction behaviors of the monolithic and extruded catalysts were studied and compared. This was accomplished by firstly developing a kinetic model to determine reaction kinetic parameters, and then simulating the temperature distribution within the reactor. It revealed a much lower temperature‐rise over the monolithic catalyst than over the extruded catalyst. This study demonstrates that the stainless‐steel support of the monolithic catalyst is effective in dissipating high reaction heat of 1‐butene epoxidation, thus limits local temperature‐rise within the reactor. This inhibits the formation of channel‐blocking byproducts and improves the catalytic stability.
Clinical insights from Wolman disease: Evaluating infantile hepatosplenomegaly
Authors: Hannah William B. , Ryan Katherine , Pendyal Surekha , Burrow T. Andrew , Harley Susan E. , Cordell Miranda , McCall Chad M. , Mavis Alisha M. , Tan Queenie K.‐G. , Kishnani Priya S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is a broad differential diagnosis of infantile hepatosplenomegaly, with some etiologies being debilitating and treatable. A structured approach to history, examination, and laboratory and radiographic findings is important in diagnosis. Herein, we present a case of Wolman disease presenting as hepatosplenomegaly in an infant. This case details important learning points to help distinguish the diagnosis of Wolman disease from other conditions with overlapping clinical features, such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). The advent of enzyme replacement therapy has dramatically changed the natural history of Wolman disease, and this child showed remarkable improvement with treatment. This child was later found to have extensive adenopathy with retroperitoneal lymph node biopsy demonstrating diffuse infiltration by lipid‐laden macrophages, fatty deposits, cholesterol crystals, and calcifications. Similar to the collection of characteristic cells in other lysosomal storage disorders, we postulate that this is characteristic of underlying Wolman disease. We conclude with a summary of learning points from this presentation on infantile hepatosplenomegaly, pertinent to the geneticist, pediatrician, and pediatric subspecialists.
Differential diagnosis of amnestic dementia patients based on an FDG‐PET signature of autopsy‐confirmed LATE‐NC
Authors: Grothe Michel J. , Moscoso Alexis , Silva‐Rodríguez Jesús , Lange Catharina , Nho Kwangsik , Saykin Andrew J. , Nelson Peter T. , Schöll Michael , Buchert Ralph , Teipel Stefan ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionLimbic age‐related TDP‐43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE‐NC) is common in advanced age and can underlie a clinical presentation mimicking Alzheimer's disease (AD). We studied whether an autopsy‐derived fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) signature of LATE‐NC provides clinical utility for differential diagnosis of amnestic dementia patients.MethodsAnte mortem FDG‐PET patterns from autopsy‐confirmed LATE‐NC (N = 7) and AD (N = 23) patients were used to stratify an independent cohort of clinically diagnosed AD dementia patients (N = 242) based on individual FDG‐PET profiles.ResultsAutopsy‐confirmed LATE‐NC and AD groups showed markedly distinct temporo‐limbic and temporo‐parietal FDG‐PET patterns, respectively. Clinically diagnosed AD dementia patients showing a LATE‐NC–like FDG‐PET pattern (N = 25, 10%) were significantly older, showed less abnormal AD biomarker levels, lower APOE ε4, and higher TMEM106B risk allele load. Clinically, they exhibited a more memory‐predominant profile and a generally slower disease course.DiscussionAn autopsy‐derived temporo‐limbic FDG‐PET signature identifies older amnestic patients whose clinical, genetic, and molecular biomarker features are consistent with underlying LATE‐NC.
Electrochemically Initiated Synthesis of Methanesulfonic Acid
Authors: Britschgi Joel , Kersten Wolfgang , Waldvogel Siegfried R. , Schüth Ferdi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe direct sulfonation of methane to methanesulfonic acid was achieved in an electrochemical reactor without adding peroxide initiators. The synthesis proceeds only from oleum and methane. This is possible due to in situ formation of an initiating species from the electrolyte at a boron‐doped diamond anode. Elevated pressure, moderate temperature and suitable current density are beneficial to reach high concentration at outstanding selectivity. The highest concentration of 3.7 M (approximately 62 % yield) at 97 % selectivity was reached with a stepped electric current program at 6.25–12.5 mA cm−2, 70 °C and 90 bar methane pressure in 22 hours. We present a novel, electrochemical method to produce methanesulfonic acid, propose a reaction mechanism and show general dependencies between parameters and yields for methanesulfonic acid.
Strong Anharmonicity‐Induced Low Thermal Conductivity and High n‐type Mobility in the Topological Insulator Bi1.1Sb0.9Te2S
Authors: Pathak Riddhimoy , Dutta Prabir , Srivastava Ashutosh , Rawat Divya , Gopal Radha Krishna , Singh Abhishek K. , Soni Ajay , Biswas Kanishka 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity (κlat) while maintaining the high carrier mobility (μ) is of the utmost importance for thermoelectrics. Topological insulators (TI) can possess high μ due to the metallic surface states. TIs with heavy constituents and layered structure can give rise to high anharmonicity and are expected to show low κlat. Here, we demonstrate that Bi1.1Sb0.9Te2S (BSTS), which is a 3D bulk TI, exhibits ultra‐low κlat of 0.46 Wm−1 K−1 along with high μ of ≈401 cm2 V−1 s−1. Sound velocity measurements and theoretical calculations suggest that chemical bonding hierarchy and high anharmonicity play a crucial role behind such ultra‐low κlat. BSTS possesses low energy optical phonons which strongly couple with the heat carrying acoustic phonons leading to ultra‐low κlat. Further, Cl has been doped at the S site of BSTS which increases the electron concentration and reduces the κlat resulting in a promising n‐type thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) of ≈0.6 at 573 K.
Adaptive output‐feedback resilient tracking control using virtual closed‐loop reference model for cyber‐physical systems with false data injection attacks
Authors: Huang Xin , Han Xinyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work studies output‐feedback resilient tracking control problems in cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) with false data injection attacks via closed‐loop model‐reference adaptive control (MRAC) techniques. The control input signals in CPSs, directly and indirectly influenced by sensor and actuator false data injection attacks, could degrade the system's control performance seriously. Then a virtual closed‐loop reference model is used as a mediator between the open‐loop reference and actual systems to improve the ability to suppress attacks, and by the MRAC techniques, a novel adaptive output‐feedback resilient tracking control scheme is proposed to ensure the reliability of the attacked systems. Different from the existing results, (a) the new one is with an adaptive attack compensator in a time‐varying gain output‐feedback form, which can automatically eliminate the impact of matched attacks by online adjusting the gain; and (b) the
‐gain rejection property of mismatched attacks is achieved by the virtual closed‐loop reference. Finally, an illustrative example validates the developed method.
On the equivalence of one‐inflated zero‐truncated and zero‐truncated one‐inflated count data likelihoods
Authors: Böhning Dankmar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne‐inflation in zero‐truncated count data has recently found considerable attention. There are currently two views in the literature. In the first approach, the untruncated model is considered as one‐inflated whereas in the second approach the truncated model is viewed as one‐inflated. Here, we show that both models have identical model spaces as well as identical maximum likelihoods. Consequences of population size estimation are illuminated, and the findings are illustrated at hand of two case studies.
A review of stem cell therapy: An emerging treatment for dementia in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Pradhan Aishwarya Umesh , Uwishema Olivier , Onyeaka Helen , Adanur Irem , Dost Burhan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis article aims to study the benefits and disadvantages of stem cell therapy, especially for patients who have dementia.MethodsThe databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and the National Library of Medicine were searched for literature. All papers on Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson's disease, stem cell therapy, and its effect on dementia treatment were considered.ResultsStem cell treatment has demonstrated promising outcomes in animal studies by positively modifying the degenerative alterations in dementia. However, it is not without drawbacks, such as ethical concerns while using embryonic stem cells and the danger of developing cancer if the cells undergo uncontrolled differentiation.ConclusionAlthough stem cell therapy has its risks, it has the potential to be a viable therapeutic option for patients with dementia if developed appropriately. Hence, more research and clinical trials are needed to establish its efficacy in this context.
Towards a circular economy: Implications for emission reduction and environmental sustainability
Authors: Hailemariam Abebe , Erdiaw‐Kwasie Michael Odei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGovernments and policymakers worldwide have been setting targets to achieve an ambitious net‐zero emission target by 2050 to tackle the pressing issue of climate change. However, achieving the net‐zero emission target by 2050 depends on the factors determining the transition from traditional fossil fuel energy sources to renewables. In connection with this, policymakers have emphasised the need to transition from a linear to a circular economy. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of the progress towards a circular economy in reducing CO2 emissions and promoting environmental sustainability. To do so, we use annual historical data for a panel of 29 European countries from 2000 to 2020. Using an identification strategy that adopts heteroscedastic‐based instrumental variables and addresses endogeneity issues, we find that progress towards a circular economy significantly improves environmental quality via reducing CO2 emissions. Our findings suggest that business strategies promoting recycling and circular economy practices play an important role in environmental sustainability by reducing emissions.
Identification of three small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) as potential prognostic markers in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Li Mei‐wei , Huang Feng‐xiang , Xie Zu‐cheng , Hong Hao‐yuan , Xu Qing‐yuan , Peng Zhi‐gang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a non‐Hodgkin lymphoma with high mortality rates. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are tumor‐specific biological markers, but there are few studies on the role of snoRNAs in DLBCL.Materials and MethodsSurvival‐related snoRNAs were selected to construct a specific snoRNA‐based signature via computational analyses (Cox regression and independent prognostic analyses) to predict the prognosis of DLBCL patients. To assist in clinical applications, a nomogram was built by combining the risk model and other independent prognostic factors. Pathway analysis, gene ontology analysis, transcription factor enrichment, protein–protein interactions, and single nucleotide variant analysis were used to explore the potential biological mechanisms of co‐expressed genes.ResultsTwelve prognosis‐correlated snoRNAs were selected from the DLBCL patient cohort of microarray profiles, and a three‐snoRNA signature consisting of SNORD1A, SNORA60, and SNORA66 was constructed. DLBCL patients could be divided into high‐risk and low‐risk cohorts using the risk model, and the high‐risk group and activated B cell‐like (ABC) type DLBCL were linked with disappointing survival. In addition, SNORD1A co‐expressed genes were inseparably linked to the biological functions of the ribosome and mitochondria. Potential transcriptional regulatory networks have also been identified. MYC and RPL10A were the most mutated SNORD1A co‐expressed genes in DLBCL.ConclusionPut together, our findings explored the potential biological effects of snoRNAs in DLBCL, and provided a new predictor for DLBCL prediction.
NMR Observation of Sulfhydryl Signals in SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease Aids Structural Studies
Authors: Robertson Angus J. , Ying Jinfa , Bax Ad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe 68‐kDa homodimeric 3C‐like protease of SARS‐CoV‐2, Mpro (3CLpro/Nsp5), is a key antiviral drug target. NMR spectroscopy of this large system proved challenging and resonance assignments have remained incomplete. Here we present the near‐complete (>97 %) backbone assignments of a C145A variant of Mpro (MproC145A) both with, and without, the N‐terminal auto‐cleavage substrate sequence, in its native homodimeric state. We also present SILLY (Selective Inversion of thioL and Ligand for NOESY), a simple yet effective pseudo‐3D NMR experiment that utilizes NOEs to identify interactions between Cys‐thiol or aliphatic protons, and their spatially proximate backbone amides in a perdeuterated protein background. High protection against hydrogen exchange is observed for 10 of the 11 thiol groups in MproC145A, even those that are partially accessible to solvent. A combination of SILLY methods and high‐resolution triple‐resonance NMR experiments reveals site‐specific interactions between Mpro, its substrate peptides, and other ligands, which present opportunities for competitive binding studies in future drug design efforts.
Real‐world experience with concomitant or staged transcatheter aortic and mitral valve replacements using balloon‐expandable valves
Authors: Zajarias Alan , Kodali Susheel , McCabe James M. , Eng Marvin H. , Babaliaros Vasilis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe outcomes of patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in a native valve or failed bioprosthetic valve or transcatheter heart valve (THV) and a transcatheter mitral valve replacement procedure (TMVR; valve‐in‐valve [mViV], valve‐in‐ring [mViR], and valve in mitral annulus calcification [ViMAC]) either concomitantly (same procedure) or staged (different procedures).BackgroundPatient characteristics, procedural details, and outcomes of concomitant or staged TAVR and TMVR procedures are largely unknown.MethodsData were extracted from the STS/ACC TVT Registry™ for patients undergoing concomitant or staged TAVR and TMVR with SAPIEN XT, SAPIEN 3, or SAPIEN 3 Ultra (Edwards Lifesciences) THVs. Descriptive results were reported for procedural, index hospitalization, 30‐day, and 1‐year outcomes.ResultsA total of 257 patients underwent TAVR and TMVR in concomitant (n = 135) or staged (n = 122) procedures. Device success was 82.9% and 83.9% for concomitant TAVR and TMVR procedures and 83.8% and 82.5% for staged TAVR and TMVR procedures. Significant improvements in aortic and mitral valve function remained stable through 1 year. All‐cause mortality for concomitant and staged groups was 14.7% and 10.5% at 30 days, and 32.8% and 24.6% at 1 year, respectively. Stroke rate for concomitant and staged groups was 0.8% and 3.6% at 30 days and 3.9% and 5.6% at 1 year, respectively. Improvements from baseline to 1 year in NYHA class and KCCQ overall summary scores were observed for all patients.ConclusionsConcomitant or staged transcatheter treatment of patients with aortic and mitral valve disease can be performed in select high‐risk patients in experienced centers.
Sex differences in time to primary percutaneous coronary intervention and outcomes in patients presenting with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Savage Michael L. , Hay Karen , Murdoch Dale J. , Walters Darren L. , Denman Russell , Ranasinghe Isuru , Raffel Christopher 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe assessed sex differences in treatment and outcomes in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundHistorically, delays to timely reperfusion and poorer outcomes have been described in women who suffer STEMI. However, whether these sex discrepancies still exist with contemporary STEMI treatment remains to be evaluated.MethodsConsecutive STEMI patients treated with primary PCI patients over a 10‐year period (January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019) from a tertiary referral center were assessed. Comparisons were performed between patient's sex. Primary outcomes were 30‐day and 1‐year mortality. Secondary outcomes were STEMI performance measures.ResultsMost patients (n = 950; 76%) were male. Females were on average older (66.8 vs. 61.4 years males; p < 0.001). Prehospital treatment delays did not differ between sexes (54 min [IQR: 44–65] females vs. 52 min [IQR: 43–62] males; p = 0.061). STEMI performance measures (door‐to‐balloon, first medical contact‐to‐balloon [FMCTB]) differed significantly with longer median durations in females and fewer females achieving FMCTB < 90 min (28% females vs. 39% males; p < 0.001). Women also experienced greater rates of initial radial arterial access failure (11.3% vs. 3.1%; p < 0.001). However, there were no significant sex differences in crude or adjusted mortality between sexes at 30‐days (3.6% male vs. 5.1% female; p = 0.241, adjusted OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.5–2.2, p = 0.82) or at 1‐year (4.8% male vs. 6.8% female; p = 0.190, adjusted OR: 1.0, (95% CI: 0.5–1.8; p = 0.96).ConclusionSmall discrepancies between sexes in measures of timely reperfusion for STEMI still exist. No significant sex differences were observed in either 30‐day or 1‐year mortality.
Photocatalytic Transition‐Metal‐Free Direct 3‐Acetalation of Quinoxaline‐2(1H)‐ones
Authors: Ma Chunhua , Meng Hui , Li Jing , Yang Xianguang , Jiang Yuqin , Yu Bing 
Published: August 2022

Comprehensive SummaryA general transition‐metal‐free visible‐light‐promoted 3‐acetalation reaction of quinoxaline‐2(1H)‐ones was developed under mild conditions. By employing 1,2,3,5‐tetrakis(carbazol‐9‐yl)‐4,6‐dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN) as an inexpensive photocatalyst, and glyoxylic acid acetal as a radical source, various acetalated quinoxaline‐2(1H)‐ones were constructed in moderate to good yields. Moreover, the versatility of this protocol is highlighted by the successful application in the late‐stage modification of drug molecules and the various functionality transformations. The excellent antitumor activity of the acetalated product demonstrated that this streamlined and sustainable approach could have emerged as a powerful strategy for structural modification in medicinal chemistry.