bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a method to improve the reliability of assessing the condition of the monitoring object in special-purpose information systems
Authors: Sova Oleg , Radzivilov Hryhorii , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Shvets Pavel , Tkachenko Valentyna , Nevhad Serhii , Zhuk Oleksandr , Kravchenko Serhii , Molodetskyi Bohdan , Miahkykh Hennadii 
Published: May 2022

The peculiarities of modern military conflicts significantly increase the requirements for the efficiency of object state assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop algorithms (methods and techniques) that can assess the state of the monitoring object from different sources of intelligence for a limited time and with a high degree of reliability. Accurate and objective object analysis requires multi-parameter estimation with significant computational costs. That is why the following tasks were solved in the study: the formalization of the assessment of monitoring objects was carried out, a method of increasing the efficiency of assessing the condition of monitoring objects was developed and an efficiency assessment was carried out. The essence of the proposed method is the hierarchical hybridization of binary classifiers and their subsequent training.
The method has the following sequence of actions: determining the degree of uncertainty, constructing a classifier tree, determining belonging to a particular class, determining object parameters, pre-processing data about the object of analysis and hierarchical traversal of the tree.
The novelty of the method lies in taking into account the type of uncertainty and noise of the data and taking into account the available computing resources of the object state analysis system. The novelty of the method also lies in the use of combined training procedures (lazy training and training procedure for evolving neural networks) and selective use of system resources by connecting only the necessary types of detectors.
The method allows you to build a top-level classifier using various low-level schemes for combining them and aggregating compositions. The method increases the efficiency of data processing by 12–20 % using additional advanced procedures
Determining patterns in the generation of magnetic fields when using different arc welding techniques
Authors: Levchenko Oleg , Polukarov Yury , Goncharova Olga , Bezushko Olga , Arlamov Olexandr , Zemlyanska Olena 
Published: May 2022

This paper reports a study into the levels of magnetic fields induced by arc welding equipment in various ways in order to assess their impact on the body of welders. It is known that welders are exposed to a magnetic field of high intensity. Depending on the welding technique and the type of welding equipment, it may exceed the maximum permissible levels (MPL). Note that new Ukrainian sanitary standards for magnetic fields have been introduced, which regulate their levels depending on the frequency range. Therefore, it became necessary to carry out their hygienic assessment according to the new standards in order to devise appropriate methods for protecting welders. To this end, it was required to choose a new generation of devices to determine the intensity of magnetic fields induced by welding equipment. Based on the analysis of the constructed oscillograms and spectrograms of magnetic fields, it was found that semi-automatic welding with a metal electrode in carbon dioxide is characterized by an increased level of magnetic field in the frequency range of 50‒1000 Hz. With automatic arc welding under the flux, there are no excess of the maximum permissible levels of individual harmonics of the magnetic field but there is an excess of the total value of all harmonic components of the magnetic field. Manual arc welding with direct current involving a non-melting electrode in argon is characterized by a moderate level of magnetic field in workplace. During manual arc welding with coated electrodes, the exceeded level of the magnetic field is observed only on the electrode cable itself. It is shown that the spectral composition of the magnetic field signal is determined mainly by the welding technique itself, the peculiarities of arc combustion, and the nature of the transfer of electrode metal in the arc gap, as well as the initial parameters of the power supplies of the welding arc
Economic evaluation of digital marketing management at the enterprise
Authors: Tataryntseva Yuliia , Pushkar Oleksandr , Druhova Olena , Osypova Svitlana , Makarenko Anastasiya , Mordovtsev Oleksandr 
Published: May 2022

The meaning of the “digital marketing management” concept that takes into account the role of customer impressions and emotional response as prerequisites for activating targeted actions is clarified. It is proved in the paper that one of the most important criteria of digital marketing management effectiveness is the formation of user impressions.
The issues of digital marketing management evaluation are generalized. It was found that modern methods of economic evaluation do not take into account the emotional component of content perception. It is proposed to introduce qualitative evaluation of impressions along with quantitative methods of digital marketing management. Digital marketing formats are systematized according to the ability to track customer feedback after interacting with a particular format. It was found that the most popular formats of digital marketing in 2021 were those that take feedback into account. In particular, companies spend their budgets for SMM – 75 %, banner advertising – 71 %, and for sharing they mostly choose social networks: Facebook – 88 %, Instagram – 78 %, Google – 75 % and YouTube – 71 %.
Methodical recommendations to substantiate the economic evaluation of digital marketing management are proposed. Based on the concept of impression economy, the method of assessing the impressions of users by reviewing their reactions on social networks is analyzed. SWOT analysis of user impressions is made, and it is proposed to choose digital content, which is more emotional.
The proposed methodological recommendations reflect the results of the effectiveness of digital marketing management both in quantitative (assessment of absolute and relative indicators) and qualitative forms (assessment of impressions)
Determination of technological parameters of Zn-Al layered double hydroxides, as a matrix for functional anions intercalation, under different synthesis conditions
Authors: Kovalenko Vadym , Borysenko Anastasiia , Kotok Valerii , Nafeev Rovil , Verbitskiy Volodymyr , Melnyk Olena 
Published: May 2022

Layered double hydroxides, especially Zn-Al, are valuable bases for intercalating various functional anions: dyes, drugs, food additives, etc. For purposeful development and optimization of the synthesis technology of functional materials based on Zn-Al layered double hydroxides, the technological parameters of Zn-Al nitrate layered double hydroxide samples (Zn:Al=4:1) synthesized at solution flow rates of 0.8 and 1.6 l/h, pH=7, 8, 9, 10 and t=10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 °C were determined. The yield values of the samples were determined by the gravimetric method. The sedimentation rate was studied by measuring the normalized thickness of the precipitate layer (relative to the initial layer thickness) during 30 minutes of settling. It was found that with an increase in the synthesis pH, the yield increased from 74.68 % to 83.54 %. Increasing the flow rate of the solutions led to a decrease in yield. On the yield-synthesis temperature dependence, two sections of 10–20 °C and 30–60 °C were identified, within which an increase in temperature led to a decrease in yield. It is shown that with increasing synthesis pH, as well as the solution flow rate, the sedimentation rate increased significantly. At pH=10, almost complete sedimentation of the sample occurred within the first 5 minutes. The obtained data indicate that the pH of the zero charges of the Zn-Al-NO3 layered double hydroxide particles was close to 10. It was found that increasing the temperature reduced the sedimentation rate. An abnormally low sedimentation rate at a synthesis temperature of 30 °C and an abnormally high sedimentation rate at 50 °C were detected. The obtained data confirm the previously stated hypothesis regarding the change of the mechanism or kinetics of the formation of layered double hydroxides at temperatures of 30 °C and 50 °C
Investigating the influence of the diameter of a fiberglass pipe on the deformed state of railroad transportation structure "embankment-pipe"
Authors: Kovalchuk Vitalii , Sobolevska Yuliya , Onyshchenko Artur , Bal Olena , Kravets Ivan , Pentsak Andriy , Parneta Bogdan , Kuzyshyn Andriy , Boiarko Vladyslav , Voznyak Oleh 
Published: May 2022

This paper has analyzed the use of fiberglass pipes in the body of the railroad embankment by a method of pushing them through the subgrade.
A flat rod model has been improved for assessing the deformed state of the transport structure "embankment-fiberglass pipe" by a method of forces when replacing the cross-section of the pipe with a polygonal one.
The analytical model accounts for the interaction between the pipe and soil of the railroad embankment. To this end, radial and tangential elastic ligaments are introduced into the estimation scheme, which make it possible to simulate elastic soil pressure, as well as friction forces that occur when the soil comes into contact with the pipe.
The deformed state of the transport structure "embankment-fiberglass pipe" was calculated by the method of forces and by a finite-element method under the action of load from the railroad rolling stock, taking into consideration the different cross-sections of the pipe.
It has been established that with an increase in the diameter of the fiberglass pipe, the value of deformations of the subgrade and fiberglass pipe increases. With a pipe diameter of 1.0 m, the deformation value in the vaulted pipe is 2.12 mm, and with a pipe diameter of 3.6 m – 4.16 mm. At the same time, the value of deformations of the subgrade under the sleeper is 5.2 mm and 6.0 mm, respectively.
It was determined that the maximum deformations of the subgrade, which occur above the pipe, with a pipe diameter of 3.6 m, are 4.46 mm. At the same time, the maximum vertical deformations of a fiberglass pipe arise in the pipe vault and, with a pipe diameter of 3.6 m, are 4.16 mm.
It has been established that the maximum horizontal deformations of the subgrade occur at points of horizontal diameter of the fiberglass pipe while the minimal horizontal deformations of the subgrade occur at points lying on the vertical diameter of the pipe
Determining the influence of geometric parameters of the traction-transportation vehicle's frame on its tractive capacity and energy indicators
Authors: Antoshchenkov Roman , Halych Ivan , Nykyforov Аnton , Cherevatenko Halyna , Chyzhykov Ivan , Sushko Serhii , Ponomarenko Nataliia , Diundik Sergey , Tsebriuk Ivan 
Published: May 2022

This paper reports results of studying the influence of geometrical parameters of the frame in a traction-transportation vehicle on its traction and energy indicators. A method for estimating the influence of geometrical parameters of the frame in a traction-transportation vehicle on its traction and energy indicators has been substantiated, based on the traction calculation of the tractor and taking into consideration the change in the distance from the hinge of the traction-transportation vehicle to the front and rear drive axles. The method makes it possible to determine the normal reactions, tangent thrust forces, and traction power on the wheels of the machine. The method reported here enables defining the optimal geometric parameters for improving the traction-adhesion and fuel-economic indicators of the traction-transportation vehicle. It was theoretically established that the normal reactions on the front wheels of the studied traction-transportation vehicle are 27,800 N and exceed by 1.95 times the normal reactions on the rear wheels of 14,200 N. This is due to the fact that the distance from the hinge to the corresponding axles of the wheels is 1.89 m and 0.97 m. Increasing the distance from the hinge to the axle of the rear wheels to 1.17 m produces a positive effect on improving the tractive performance of the traction-transportation vehicle. There is an increase in the tractive power on rear wheels to 24.39 kW. The experimental study of the traction-transportation vehicle was performed using an all-wheel-drive machine with a hinge-connected frame as an example. The maximum traction power is 121 kW, which is achieved at a speed of 12 km/h, traction efficiency of 0.68, and a thrust force per hook of 30.2 kN. The difference between the results obtained theoretically and experimentally is 8 %. Applying the method could make it possible to provide designers and manufacturers with recommendations for the construction and improvement of a traction-transportation vehicle, to improve traction and adhesion properties, and reduce the anthropogenic impact on the soil
Improving a tempering machine for confectionery masses
Authors: Zahorulko Andrii , Zagorulko Aleksey , Kasabova Kateryna , Liashenko Bogdan , Postadzhiev Alexander , Sashnova Mariana 
Published: May 2022

This paper reports the improved model of a tempering machine for heating the formulation mixture of marshmallow, characterized by heat supply to the working tank through the replacement of a steam jacket with heating by a film resistive electric heater of radiative type (FREhRT). The surface of the heat exchange of the device was increased by heating the stirrer with FREhRT; secondary energy (30....85 °C) was used by converting it by Peltier elements for the autonomous operation of superchargers for cooling the engine compartment. The proposed solution will lead to an increase in the efficiency of the device, which is explained by a decrease in its specific metal consumption through the use of FREhRT.
A reduction in the duration of heating (75 °C) a marshmallow formulation mixture was experimentally established: in the examined model, 530 s, compared with the analog, 645 s. That confirmed the reduction in heating time to the set temperature by 21.7 % compared to the MT-250 basic design. The calculations have established a decrease, by 13 %, in the specific energy consumption for heating the volume of a unit of product when using the improved structure, 205.7 kJ/kg, when using the basic one ‒ 232.1 kJ/kg. The increase in the efficiency of the proposed structure is explained by a decrease in the specific metal consumption of the device from 474 kg/m2 in the base apparatus to 273 kg/m2 in the improved one.
The study results confirm the increase in the resource efficiency of the improved tempering machine, which is achieved by eliminating the steam jacket; increasing the heat exchange surface by heating the stirrer. The heat transfer by FREhRT simplifies the operational performance of the temperature stabilization system in a working tank. The reported results could prove useful when designing thermal devices with electric heat supply under the conditions of using secondary energy, which is relevant for ensuring resource efficiency
Devising a method for segmenting complex structured images acquired from space observation systems based on the particle swarm algorithm
Authors: Khudov Hennadii , Makoveichuk Oleksandr , Khizhnyak Irina , Oleksenko Oleksandr , Khazhanets Yuriy , Solomonenko Yuriy , Yuzova Iryna , Dudar Yevhen , Stetsiv Stanislav , Khudov Vladyslav 
Published: May 2022

This paper considers the improved method for segmenting complex structured images acquired from space observation systems based on the particle swarm algorithm. Unlike known ones, the method for segmenting complex structured images based on the particle swarm algorithm involves the following:
– highlighting brightness channels in the Red-Green-Blue color space;
– using a particle swarm method in the image in each channel of brightness of the RGB color space;
– image segmentation is reduced to calculating the objective function, moving speed, and a new location for each swarm particle in the image in each RGB color space brightness channel.
Experimental studies have been conducted on the segmentation of a complex structured image by a method based on the particle swarm algorithm. It was established that the improved segmentation method based on the particle swarm algorithm makes it possible to segment complex structured images acquired from space surveillance systems.
A comparison of the quality of segmenting a complex structured image was carried out. The comparative visual analysis of well-known and improved segmentation methods indicates the following:
– the improved segmentation method based on the particle swarm algorithm highlights more objects of interest (objects of military equipment);
– the well-known k-means method assigns some objects of interest (especially those partially covered with snow) to the snow cover (marked in blue);
– the improved segmentation method also associates some objects of interest that are almost completely covered with snow with the snow cover (marked in blue).
It has been established that the improved segmentation method based on the particle swarm algorithm reduces segmentation errors of the first kind by an average of 12 % and reduces segmentation errors of the second kind by an average of 8 %
Quality forming patterns in the cupcake enriched with pumpkin slices
Authors: Liubych Vitalii , Novikov Volodymyr , Zheliezna Valeriia , Makarchuk Marina , Balabak Oleksandr , Kirian Viktor , Bardakov Volodymyr , Kyrpa Mykola , Moskalets Valentyn , Moskalets Tetiana 
Published: May 2022

This paper reports a study into the effect of different quantities and shapes of fresh pumpkin slices on the technological properties of the cupcake. A comparative analysis of the technological properties of the cupcake with the addition of different quantities and shapes of pumpkin slices has been carried out. A change in the technological properties of the cupcake depending on the volume of pumpkin slices has been established. The use of fresh pumpkin slices reliably improves shrinkage during baking, humidity, and acidity of the cupcake. The volume of the cupcake is significantly reduced in this case. Porosity is significantly impaired when adding 30‒50 % of slices. The slice shape does not significantly affect the technological parameters of the cupcake.
Social research was conducted; the main priorities for buyers of flour confectionery products were established. It is proved that the greatest importance when choosing food by consumers is given to the physical appearance of the finished product.
Based on the research, it was found that in the technology of cupcake production, it is optimal to add 5‒25 % of fresh pumpkin slices of different shapes by weight of the dough. Applying this volume of slices makes it possible to bake a cupcake with a porosity of 9 points, a shrinkage at baking of 6.9–8.5 %, humidity of 6.9–12.8 %, a volume of 176–203 cm3, the acidity of 1.5–1.7 degrees. In addition, it is possible to use 30‒35 % of pumpkin slices. The porosity of a cupcake with such a formulation is at the level of 6.5–8.0 points. The cupcake quality meets the requirements set out by DSTU 4505:2005 and ISO 22000:2018. The difference from the conventional technique of utilizing non-traditional raw materials is the use of different quantities and shapes of fresh pumpkin slices. The use of pumpkin slices makes it possible to reduce the volume of dough in the finished product.
The devised recommendations could be used by low-productivity grain processing enterprises when making flour confectionery products
The effect of health promotion on primary health care services: an analysis of primary health care policy
Authors: Olofinbiyi Olunike Blessing 
Published: May 2022

Health promotion is the best way to prevent mental illness and other illnesses in the community. However, the high rate of corruption and embezzlement of funds has impeded the effectiveness of health promotion in Primary health care system in Nigeria. More so, health promotion is the best way to alleviate diseases and prevent diseases. However, nearly all the health care workers are aware of the benefits of health promotion but to implement it is the problem.
The aim: to examine the effect of health promotion on primary health care service through the analysis of Primary Health Care policy.
Method: this study was guided by a pragmatic paradigm. The pragmatist paradigm is highly essential to this study because it emphasizes the link between action and truth. It is also ideal for this study as it advocates for mixed methods that are in line with ethnographic research approach to provide the best understanding of a research problem.
Furthermore, pragmatic paradigm was adopted for this study and this paradigm encourages the study to combine two research methods (qualitative and quantitative) to achieve quality research findings. In this study a non-experimental, exploratory-descriptive design was used to analyse the quantitative aspect of the national health policies on primary health care service delivery in Nigeria. While ethnographic method analysed the qualitative aspect of the study perfectly.
Result: out of three hundred respondents, majority of them revealed that bad leadership is the main reason why health promotion is not effective. While majority of the participants opined that we lack good leaders. The study hereby emphasized more on why the Government is not working on the effectiveness of health promotion in PHC and the findings showed that bad leadership is the main factor that is causing the ineffectiveness of health promotion in PHC and when the respondents were questioned on what to do to ensure a more effective health promotion in the community, majority (34.7 %) of the respondents opined that the community members should be involved actively at every stage while (33.3 %) of the respondents revealed that there is need for active involvement of other essential sectors in formulation and implementation of PHC policy to ensure a permanent change.
Conclusion: all things considering, this study shows that poor health promotion in Primary health care is having negative effect on the health of children, adolescents, adults, and old ones. This study here by recommends that the policy makers and the government should eradicate corruption and embezzlement of funds in all sectors especially in primary health care
Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation in young adult
Authors: Abdullaeiv Rizvan , Mamedov Ilgar 
Published: May 2022

The aim: to assess the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of a lumbar herniation disc in young adults.
Material and methods: 27 patients aged 17-21 years (8 girls, 19 boys) were included in our study. During the examination by a neurologist, all patients reported pain in the lower back. The results of the ultrasound investigation were compared with MRI. Ultrasonography (USG) was conducted on a Philips HD 11XE device using a convection transducer in the frequency range 2-5 MHz; MRI - General Electric, Signa HDI, 1.5T.
Results: at the L3-L4 segment, hernia was diagnosed in 2 (7.4±5.0 %) cases, at the L4-L5 segment - in 14 (51.9±9.6 %) cases, and at the L5-S1 segment - in 11 (40.7±9.5 %) cases, respectively. The hernia at the segments of L5-S1 and L4-L5 was diagnosed significantly (P<0.001) more often than at the segment of L3-L4. Median hernia was diagnosed in 12 (44.4±9.6 %) cases, paramedian - in 11 (40.7±9.5 %) cases and posterolateral - in 4 ( 14.8±6.8 %) cases, respectively. The median and paramedian hernia was diagnosed significantly (P<0.05) more than the posterolateral. In ultrasound, only in one case, a posterolateral hernia was interpreted as paramedian
Conclusions: 1) The lumbar hernia are localized at the segments of L5-S1 and L4-L5 significantly (P<0.001) more often than at the other segments; 2) Sciatica is significantly more common in posterolateral localization of lumbar disc herniation; 3) The ultrasonography couldbe used to find out the causes of back pain in young adult