bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering of Interfaces with Tetrahedra DNA Nanostructures for Biosensing Applications
Authors: Xuan Jinnan , Wang Zhen , Xiao Mingshu , Pei Hao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe probe‐target interactions in the interfaces are significantly critical to biosensing. However, the disordered arrangement of probes and nonspecific adsorption of proteins in the biosensing interfaces for conventional biosensors often restricted the accessibility and recognition efficiency of probes towards targets, leading to poor detection performances (e. g., sensitivity and selectivity). Engineering of biosensing interfaces with functional molecules or nanomaterials has provided a promising molecular toolkit for enhanced accessibility and efficient recognition of biosensing probes. Among them, DNA has been an appealing material for interface engineering, because of its unique merits of biocompatible, predictable hybridization, and unparallel self‐assembly ability. In particular, employing tetrahedra DNA nanostructures (TDNs) to engineer interfaces has been a powerful means to improve biosensor performance. Here, this review introduces the recent progress in TDN‐based interface engineering. Then, we summarize the roles of TDNs in tailoring the properties of different interfaces, including electrode surface, channel surface, cell surface, etc., and highlight their biosensing applications. Finally, scientific challenges and future perspectives of TDN‐engineered biosensing interface are also discussed.
Characteristics and sensory assessment of extra virgin olive oils produced in two different zones of Brazil
Authors: Garavaglia Juliano , da Costa Jadson Romualdo Oliveira , Menezes Rafaella Câmara Rocha , Dal Bosco Simone Morelo , Machado Isabel Cristina Kasper , Olivares Merino Inmaculada , Sánchez Villasclaras Sebastián 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Brazilian olive oil production has been growing in recent decades and largest plantations are on two different zones, from Serra da Mantiqueira (states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo) and Campanha Gaúcha (state of Rio Grande do Sul). The total planted area, in 2022, reached approximately 6500 hectares. The aim of the present study was to characterize the sensory and analytical parameters of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO) from Southwestern (Serra da Mantiqueira) and Southern (Campanha Gaúcha) Brazil regions. Twenty‐two EVOO samples were obtained from different cultivars of unlike regions. Quality parameters, oxidative stability, phenolic compounds ortho‐diphenols and fatty acids were analyzed and relationships with olive variety or region. From the chemical perspective, the EVOO exhibited all parameters within the necessary to be qualified as extra virgin, according to international standard definitions. All samples showed a good quality of sensory perceptions and a high level of polyphenols, which are varied among samples but was more intense in Campanha Gaúcha olive oils.
Structural and functional analyses of GH51 alpha‐L‐arabinofuranosidase of Geobacillus vulcani GS90 reveal crucial residues for catalytic activity and thermostability
Authors: Sürmeli Yusuf , Şanlı‐Mohamed Gülşah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlpha‐L‐arabinofuranosidase (Abf) is of big interest in various industrial areas. Directed evolution is a powerful strategy to identify significant residues underlying Abf properties. Here, six active variants from GH51 Abf of Geobacillus vulcani GS90 (GvAbf) by directed evolution were overproduced, extracted, and analyzed at biochemical and structural levels. According to the activity and thermostability results, the most‐active and the least‐active variants were found as GvAbf51 and GvAbf52, respectively. GvAbf63 variant was more active than parent GvAbf by 20% and less active than GvAbf51. Also, the highest thermostability belonged to GvAbf52 with 80% residual activity after 1 h. Comparative sequence and structure analyses revealed that GvAbf51 possessed L307S displacement. Thus, this study suggested that L307 residue may be critical for GvAbf activity. GvAbf63 had H30D, Q90H, and L307S displacements, and H30 was covalently bound to E29 catalytic residue. Thus, H30D may decrease the positive effect of L307S on GvAbf63 activity, preventing E29 action. Besides, GvAbf52 possessed S215N, L307S, H473P, and G476C substitutions and S215 was close to E175 (acid–base residue). S215N may partially disrupt E175 action. Overall effect of all substitutions in GvAbf52 may result in the formation of the C–C bond between C171 and C213 by becoming closer to each other.
Improving Electrochemical Activity of P2‐type Na2/3Mn2/3Ni1/3O2 by Controlling its Crystallinity
Authors: Kataoka Riki , Taguchi Noboru , Tada Kohei , Machida Akihiko , Takeichi Nobuhiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLayered P2‐type Na containing manganese‐nickel oxide (Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2) materials show relatively higher electrochemical capacity. The electrochemical performance of Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2 decreases during cycling when more than 1/2 of Na was extracted owing to the structural change with large volume change and oxygen emission. We found that smaller crystallite size and introduction of the defects at transition metal site of Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2 plays a key role to improve its cycling performance. The structural analysis observations using X‐ray total scattering analysis, X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), revealed that the length and numbers of stacks of the MO2 layers were shortened and decreased, respectively, compared to that of P2‐type layered Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2. This short‐range ordering of the layered structure restricts the structural change during cycling resulting in mitigating large volume changes. Moreover, the metal defects at the transition metal site of the Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2 increases the contribution of the oxygen redox which confirmed by the density functional theory calculation, without showing significant overpotential and capacity fading during cycling.
Impact of silica pore structure on the performance of metallocene catalysts in ethylene gas‐phase polymerization
Authors: Bolner Felipe Morais , Blazzio Yashmin Rafante , Lara Bárbara Rezende , Machado Fabricio , McKenna Timothy F. L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSeveral commercial silicas were used to support metallocene active centres, and the resulting precatalysts were used to study the impact of the pore size and pore size distribution of the support on the polymerization kinetics and resulting polymer properties. Pore volume distribution played a major role in the fragmentation of silica‐supported catalysts, where mesoporous silicas with a narrow distribution in the region obtained higher activities and faster fragmentation than silicas with a broad pore volume distribution. Therefore, it is shown that care must be taken when using standard information on particle porosity, as this quantity can be misleading. It appears that the minimum pore size, particularly on the particle surface, can be a very important parameter even if it does not impact the estimate of the porosity.
Deep ecomorphological and genetic divergence in Steller's Jays (Cyanocitta stelleri, Aves: Corvidae)
Authors: Cicero Carla , Mason Nicholas A. , Oong Zheng , Title Pascal O. , Morales Melissa E. , Feldheim Kevin A. , Koo Michelle S. , Bowie Rauri C. K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe relationship between ecology and morphology is a cornerstone of evolutionary biology, and quantifying variation across environments can shed light on processes that give rise to biodiversity. Three morphotypes of the Steller's Jay (Cyanocitta stelleri) occupy different ecoregions in western North America, which vary in climate and landcover. These morphotypes (Coastal, Interior, Rocky Mountain) differ in size, plumage coloration, and head pattern. We sampled 1080 Steller's Jays from 68 populations (plus 11 outgroups) to address three main questions using data on morphology, plumage, genetics (mtDNA, microsatellites), and ecological niches: (1) How do phenotypic and genetic traits vary within and among populations, morphotypes, and ecoregions? (2) How do population‐level differences in Steller's Jays compare with other sister species pairs of North American birds? (3) What can we infer about the population history of Steller's Jays in relation to past climates, paleoecology, and niche evolution? We found substantial morphological, genetic, and ecological differentiation among morphotypes. The greatest genetic divergence separated Coastal and Interior morphotypes from the Rocky Mountain morphotype, which was associated with warmer, drier, and more open habitats. Microsatellites revealed additional structure between Coastal and Interior groups. The deep mtDNA split between Coastal/Interior and Rocky Mountain lineages of Steller's Jay (ND2 ~ 7.8%) is older than most North American avian sister species and dates to approximately 4.3 mya. Interior and Rocky Mountain morphotypes contact across a narrow zone with steep clines in traits and reduced gene flow. The distribution of the three morphotypes coincides with divergent varieties of ponderosa pine and Douglas fir. Species distribution models support multiple glacial refugia for Steller's Jays. Our integrative dataset combined with extensive geographic sampling provides compelling evidence for recognizing at least two species of Steller's Jay.
Defining biologically relevant and hierarchically nested population units to inform wildlife management
Authors: O'Donnell Michael S. , Edmunds David R. , Aldridge Cameron L. , Heinrichs Julie A. , Monroe Adrian P. , Coates Peter S. , Prochazka Brian G. , Hanser Steve E. , Wiechman Lief A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWildlife populations are increasingly affected by natural and anthropogenic changes that negatively alter biotic and abiotic processes at multiple spatiotemporal scales and therefore require increased wildlife management and conservation efforts. However, wildlife management boundaries frequently lack biological context and mechanisms to assess demographic data across the multiple spatiotemporal scales influencing populations. To address these limitations, we developed a novel approach to define biologically relevant subpopulations of hierarchically nested population levels that could facilitate managing and conserving wildlife populations and habitats. Our approach relied on the Spatial “K”luster Analysis by Tree Edge Removal clustering algorithm, which we applied in an agglomerative manner (bottom‐to‐top). We modified the clustering algorithm using a workflow and population structure tiers from least‐cost paths, which captured biological inferences of habitat conditions (functional connectivity), dispersal capabilities (potential connectivity), genetic information, and functional processes affecting movements. The approach uniquely included context of habitat resources (biotic and abiotic) summarized at multiple spatial scales surrounding locations with breeding site fidelity and constraint‐based rules (number of sites grouped and population structure tiers). We applied our approach to greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), a species of conservation concern, across their range within the western United States. This case study produced 13 hierarchically nested population levels (akin to cluster levels, each representing a collection of subpopulations of an increasing number of breeding sites). These closely approximated population closure at finer ecological scales (smaller subpopulation extents with fewer breeding sites; cluster levels ≥2), where >92% of individual sage‐grouse's time occurred within their home cluster. With available population monitoring data, our approaches can support the investigation of factors affecting population dynamics at multiple scales and assist managers with making informed, targeted, and cost‐effective decisions within an adaptive management framework. Importantly, our approach provides the flexibility of including species‐relevant context, thereby supporting other wildlife characterized by site fidelity.
Setting up of a hospital Covid‐19 vaccination center: A descriptive study
Authors: Wise Scarlett , Lanternier Fanny , Cotteret Camille , Chasport Céline , Juin‐Leonard Virginie , Cantat Amélie , Scemla Anne , Delage Claire , Mantz Barbara , Telion Caroline , Carli Pierre , Frange Pierre , Cisternino Salvatore 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe coronavirus pandemic challenged countries worldwide in a race against contaminations and variants. Vaccination campaigns were the answer to such an infectious spread. This descriptive study presents the organizational process of the setting up of a Covid‐19 vaccination center in a French University Hospital in January 2021, the issues encountered along the way and assessment of adaptability.MethodsThree major stakeholders: SARS CoV‐2 crisis referent, referring vaccination medical doctor and referring vaccination pharmacist retraced key moments and identified issues encountered during the setting up of the vaccination center and its long term maintenance, threw a series of meetings. Records of crisis and periodic meetings that took place threw out the vaccination campaign were consulted.ResultsA multidisciplinary crisis steering committee with nine different professionals was created January 3. Logistics for the vaccination center opening were discussed: location, informatics, appointment‐scheduling, pharmaceutical circuit, internal circuit, human resources, and information communication. The vaccination center was ready to welcome healthcare workers in less than 24 h on January 4. The first month, 2757 1st shots were administered, leading up to a total of 9167 1st shots during 6 months of activity. From January to June 2021, the multidisciplinary group dealt and adapted its processes to challenging and unexpected situations. Indeed, issues encountered with Pfizer BioNTech's and AstraZeneca's vaccine, were: supply shortages, vaccine manipulation, targeted populations, pharmacovigilance, and general communication.ConclusionThis descriptive study provides an exclusive insight on how a hospital vaccination center was organized and adapted during Covid‐19 pandemic to ensure healthcare workers' security and resilience, and to protect high risk patients of severe Covid‐19 infection.
Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis after combination therapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab for postoperative pancreatic and liver metastases from renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Nishimura Yuki , Yamanaka Kazuaki , Kato Taigo , Hatano Koji , Kawashima Atsunari , Fukuhara Shinichiro , Uemura Motohide , Imamura Ryoichi , Nonomura Norio 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionSince the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors for renal cell carcinoma treatment, therapeutic efficacy has been enhanced. However, although autoimmune‐related side effects may occur, rheumatoid immune‐related adverse events seldom develop.Case presentationA 78‐year‐old Japanese man with renal cell carcinoma developed pancreatic and liver metastases after bilateral partial nephrectomy and was treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab. After 22 months, he developed arthralgia in limbs and knee joints, accompanied by limb swelling. The diagnosis was seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Nivolumab was discontinued, and prednisolone was initiated, quickly improving symptoms. Although nivolumab was resumed after 2 months, arthritis did not recur.ConclusionImmune checkpoint inhibitors may cause a wide variety of immune‐related adverse events. When arthritis is encountered during immune checkpoint inhibitor administration, seronegative rheumatoid arthritis should be differentiated from other types of arthritis, despite being less frequent.
Stage‐dependent localization of F‐actin and Na+/K+‐ATPase in zebrafish embryos detected using optimized cryosectioning immunostaining protocol
Authors: Karaica Dean , Mihaljević Ivan , Vujica Lana , Bošnjak Arvena , Dragojević Jelena , Otten Cecile , Babić Nency , Lončar Jovica , Smital Tvrtko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe increasing use of the zebrafish model in biomedical and (eco)toxicological studies aimed at understanding the function of various proteins highlight the importance of optimizing existing methods to study gene and protein expression and localization in this model. In this context, zebrafish cryosections are still underutilized compared with whole‐mount preparations. In this study, we used zebrafish embryos (24–120 hpf) to determine key factors for the preparation of high‐quality zebrafish cryosections and to determine the optimal protocol for (immuno)fluorescence analyses of Na+/K+‐ATPase and F‐actin, across developmental stages from 1 to 5 dpf. The results showed that the highest quality zebrafish cryosections were obtained after the samples were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 1 h, incubated in 2.5% bovine gelatin/25% sucrose mixture, embedded in OCT, and then sectioned to 8 μm thickness at −20°C. Fluorescence microscopy analysis of phalloidin‐labeled zebrafish skeletal muscle revealed that 1‐h‐4% PFA‐fixed samples allowed optimal binding of phalloidin to F‐actin. Further immunofluorescence analyses revealed detailed localization of F‐actin and Na+/K+‐ATPase in various tissues of the zebrafish and a stage‐dependent increase in their respective expression in the somitic muscles and pronephros. Finally, staining of zebrafish cryosections and whole‐mount samples revealed organ‐specific and zone‐dependent localizations of the Na+/K+‐ATPase α1‐subunit.Research HighlightsThis study brings optimization of existing protocols for preparation and use of zebrafish embryos cryosections in (immuno)histological analyses. It reveals stage‐dependent localization/expression of F‐actin and Na+/K+‐ATPase in zebrafish embryos.
Immune and stress physiology of two captively‐housed tortoise species
Authors: Hartzheim Alyssa M. , Terry Jennifer L. , Field Emily K. , Haydt Natalie T. , Poo Sinlan , Neuman‐Lee Lorin A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEcoimmunology affords us the ability to better understand immunological processes through consideration of external factors, such as the thermal microenvironment. This consideration is imperative when examining the immunological processes of ectothermic organisms like reptiles. Reptiles uniquely rely heavily on their innate immune function but remain poorly understood in immunological studies. In this study, we examined innate immunity in two zoo‐housed tortoise species, the Indian star tortoise (Geochelone elegans, Schoepff, 1795) and northern spider tortoise (Pyxis arachnoides brygooi, Vuillemin & Domergue, 1972). Bacterial killing assays (BKAs) were optimized and used to assess the monthly immunocompetence of these tortoises to three different bacteria: Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Staphylococcus aureus. We evaluated differences in blood biochemistry values (lactate and glucose) among months and species as well as fecal corticosterone (CORT) between species. Lastly, we examined the potential influences of individual thermal microenvironments on bactericidal ability. Both G. elegans and P. a. brygooi demonstrated immunocompetence against all bacterial challenges, but only bactericidal ability against E. coli varied over months. Optimal BKA serum dilutions, blood glucose levels, and fecal CORT concentrations differed between the two species. Finally, there was evidence that the thermal microenvironment influenced the tortoises’ bactericidal ability against E. coli. Through use of nonmodel organisms, such as tortoises, we are given insight into the inner workings of innate immunity and a better understanding of the complexities of the vertebrate immune system.
血糖2,105mg/dLを呈した糖尿病性ケトアシドーシスによる心静止に対し，脳酸素飽和度測定とVA ECMO導入にて神経学的後遺症なく救命した1症例(A case of cardiac arrest due to diabetic ketoacidosis with blood glucose of 2,105mg/dL was saved without neurological deficits by measurement of cerebral oxygen saturation and introduction of VA ECMO)
Authors: 将樹 長間 , 恒 鹿野 , 祐貴 安武 , 将敬 大平 , 広一 大西 , 美希 向井 , 秀明 吉原 
Published: December 2022

要旨糖尿病性ケトアシドーシス（DKA）はインスリンの作用不足を原因とし，高血糖，ケトン体の上昇により代謝性アシドーシスが進行し，高カリウム血症により心停止に至る可能性がある。DKAにて心肺停止に陥った若年者に対し，早期にECPRを実施することにより神経学的後遺症なく蘇生された症例を報告する。35歳，女性。1型糖尿病であり持続皮下インスリン注入療法を行っていた。意識障害で発見され，救急車内収容後にasystoleとなり，直ちに心肺蘇生が開始されたが，当院に到着後もasystoleが持続していた。脳酸素飽和度が高値を示していたためVA ECMOを導入し，同時に体温管理療法も開始。その後，血糖2,105mg/dLと著明な高血糖が判明し，また，尿中ケトン体（＋）の結果も含めてDKAによる心停止と診断した。心拍再開後，代謝性アシドーシスおよび血清カリウム値の補正を行い，循環状態が改善したため同日VA ECMOを離脱した。第5病日には意識が回復し，神経学的後遺症は見られず，第13病日に糖尿病内科に転科した。DKAによる心肺停止に対する早期のECPRは神経学的予後の面でも効果的である。蘇生に対するECPR実施は心電図波形により検討される傾向にあるが，心電図波形に関わらず脳酸素飽和度はそのECPR実施決定の一助となるかもしれない。
Development of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy evidence swabs using a silver nanoparticle biosynthesis for the detection of animal blood
Authors: Bruner Erin , Monjardez Geraldine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIdentifying the type of body fluid recovered from crime scenes before DNA typing may be critical to qualify its relevancy to the case. Presumptive tests are often used first to detect blood traces; however, they require confirmation, are destructive, and are susceptible to false positives. This study aims to develop a method of collection and identification for nonhuman blood using biosynthesized SERS swabs as a more accurate, specific, and nondestructive detection technique. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized directly on nylon swabs using a biosynthesis reaction and curcumin as the reducing agent to form the nanoparticles. The detection of bovine blood was investigated by analyzing decreasing volumes of blood swabbed with the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) swabs. Although swabbing 30 and 20 μl of blood resulted in the most resolved spectra, swabbing 10 μl of blood still produced identifiable peaks. Wetted swabs were used to analyze dried bovine bloodstains on cotton fabrics and glass slides: The spectra collected when swabbing the bloodstain on the glass sides had a higher signal‐to‐noise ratio than on fabrics. The SERS swabs were subsequently used to collect and analyze horse and sheep blood. Although Raman bands characteristic of blood were identifiable for each specie, showing that the SERS swabs allowed the successful detection of the three animal blood species, the spectra from the three species could not be differentiated. This study demonstrates the efficiency of the biosynthesis to grow nanoparticles on the swabs and shows their viability to be used as SERS substrates to collect and identify animal blood.