bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promising Marine Natural Products for Tackling Viral Outbreaks: A Focus on Possible Targets and Structure-activity Relationship
Authors: Salampe Mirnawati , Mamada Sukamto Salang , Evary Yayu Mulsiani , Mitra Saikat , Bin Emran Talha , Harapan Harapan , Nainu Firzan , Simal-Gandara Jesus 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:Recently, people worldwide have experienced several outbreaks caused by viruses that have attracted much interest globally, such as HIV, Zika, Ebola, and the one being faced, SARSCoV- 2 viruses. Unfortunately, the availability of drugs giving satisfying outcomes in curing those diseases is limited. Therefore, it is necessary to dig deeper to provide compounds that can tackle the causative viruses. Meanwhile, the efforts to explore marine natural products have been gaining great interest as the products have consistently shown several promising biological activities, including antiviral activity. This review summarizes some products extracted from marine organisms, such as seaweeds, seagrasses, sponges, and marine bacteria, reported in recent years to have potential antiviral activities tested through several methods. The mechanisms by which those compounds exert their antiviral effects are also described here, with several main mechanisms closely associated with the ability of the products to block the entry of the viruses into the host cells, inhibiting replication or transcription of the viral genetic material, and disturbing the assembly of viral components. In addition, the structure-activity relationship of the compounds is also highlighted by focusing on six groups of marine compounds, namely sulfated polysaccharides, phlorotannins, terpenoids, lectins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. In conclusion, due to their uniqueness compared to substances extracted from terrestrial sources, marine organisms provide abundant products having promising activities as antiviral agents that can be explored to tackle virus-caused outbreaks.
Imbalance of Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines Induced Different
Types of Recurrent Atrial Arrhythmias after Drug Eluting Coronary Stent
Implantation
Authors: Li Xia , Hu Haibo , Guo Dianxuan , Hu Youdong , Zhou Hualan , Chen Ying , Fang Xiang 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Atrial arrhythmias are associated with increased risk of stroke and death in the elderly. The risk and predictive factors of recurrent atrial arrhythmias in elderly patients after coronary stenting are not well known.

Objective:
This research sought to investigate the roles of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine imbalances in different types of recurrent atrial arrhythmias in elderly patients defined as individuals aged 65 years or older after sirolimus eluting stent (Cordis, Warren, New Jersey) implantation.

Methods:
We measured interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-13 (IL-13) and interleukin-37 (IL-37) in elderly patients with recurrent atrial arrhythmias and assessed the impact of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine imbalances on recurrent atrial arrhythmias in elderly patients after coronary stenting.

Results:
Levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α were remarkably increased (p<0.001) and IL-10, IL-17, IL-13, and IL-37 were remarkably lowered (p<0.001) in elderly patients with recurrent atrial arrhythmias after coronary stent implantation. Imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines induced recurrent atrial arrhythmias after coronary stenting. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine imbalances may be used to identify elderly patients who have an increased risk of developing recurrent atrial arrhythmias after coronary stenting.

Conclusion:
Imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was associated with recurrent atrial arrhythmias in elderly patients after coronary stenting. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines may be clinically useful biomarkers for predicting recurrent atrial arrhythmias in elderly patients after coronary stent implantation.
Synthesis of Misoprostol, and Intramolecular Isomerization of A-Type
Misoprostol into B-Type Misoprostol using 1, 8-Diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-
7-ene (DBU)
Authors: Venkatanarayana Muvvala , Cheedarala Ravi Kumar , Guttikonda Nagarjuna Reddy , Jaggavarapu Rama Mohana Reddy , Kamatham Raja Reddy , Nagarjuna Akula , Surepally Ravikumar 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin that is related structurally to naturally
occurring prostaglandin (PG), and it has been acknowledged as an effective inhibitor of gastric
acid secretion when administered intravenously.

Methods:
In the present study, the novel application of 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, a cyclic
unsaturated amine [DBU] for the conversion of A-type Misoprostol (A-MP) to B-type Misoprostol
(B-MP) via intramolecular isomerization.

Results:
The chemical structures of A-MP and B-MP were confirmed using spectral analyses
of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectroscopy.

Conclusion:
The chemical structures of A-MP and B-MP were confirmed using spectral analyses
of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectroscopy.
A Series of Trifluoromethylisoxazolyl- and Trifluoromethylpyrazolyl-
Substituted (Hetero)aromatic Sulfonamide Carbonic Anhydrase
Inhibitors: Synthesis, and Convenient Prioritization Workflow for Further
In Vivo Studies
Authors: Krasavin Mikhail , Sibinčić Nikolina , Kalinin Stanislav , Sharoyko Vladimir , Efimova Julia , Gasilina Olga A. , Korsakov Mikhail , Gureev Maxim 
Published: August 2022

Aims:
To synthesize novel sulfonamide inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase and develop in
vitro prioritization workflow to select compounds for in vivo evaluation

Background:
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors gain significant attention in the context of drug
discovery research for glaucoma, hypoxic malignancies, and bacterial infections. In previous works,
we have successfully used direct sulfochlorination approach to develop diverse heterocyclic primary
sulfonamides with remarkable activity and selectivity against therapeutically relevant CA isoforms.

Objective:
Synthesis and investigation of the CA inhibitory properties of novel trifluoromethylisoxazolyl- and trifluoromethylpyrazolyl-substituted (hetero)aromatic sulfonamides.

Methods:
Thirteen trifluoromethylisoxazolyl- and thirteen trifluoromethylpyrazolyl-substituted (hetero)aromatic sulfonamides were synthesized by direct sulfochlorination of hydroxyisoxazolines and
pyrazoles followed by reaction with ammonia. The compound structures were confirmed by 1
H and 13C NMR as well as element analysis. The obtained compounds were evaluated, using the CA esterase activity assay, for their potential to block the catalytic activity of bovine CA (bCA).

Results:
Eight most potent compounds selected based on the esterase activity assay data were tested
for direct affinity to the enzyme using the thermal shift assay (TSA). These compounds displayed Kd
values (measured by TSA) in the double-digit nanomolar range, thus showing comparable activity to
the reference drug acetazolamide.

Conclusion:
Coupling the bCA esterase activity assay with thermal shift assay represents a streamlined and economical strategy for the prioritization of sulfonamide CA inhibitors for subsequent
evaluation in vivo.
Success4life Youth Empowerment for Promoting Well-being and Boosting Mental Health: Protocol for an Experimental Study
Authors: Setia Sajita , Furtner Daniel , Bendahmane Mounir , Tichy Michelle 
Published: August 2022

Background
There is an increasingly alarming worsening of mental health among the youth. There remain significant unmet needs for developing innovative, evidence-based technology–enhanced, positive psychology interventions (PPIs) all-inclusive in targeting psychological distress and risk factors related to high-risk behavior commonly encountered in adolescents.

Objective
We aim to assess the effectiveness of a hybrid (incorporating both synchronous and asynchronous learning) and holistic (targeting social and emotional learning and tackling risk factors unique for this age group) PPI, “success4life youth empowerment,” in improving well-being in the youth.

Methods
Students’ well-being will be assessed by the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, and hope will be assessed by the 6-item Children’s Hope Scale at week 0, week 8, and week 10, month 6, and month 12. Any improvement in well-being and hope will be measured, estimating the difference in postintervention (week 8 and week 10) and preintervention (week 0) scores by determining the P value and effect size using appropriate statistical tests.

Results
This study includes 2 phases: pilot phase 1, delivered by the creators of the succcess4life youth empowerment modules and platform, and phase 2, which will consist of the estimation of scalability through the recruitment of trainers. We hope to start student recruitment by 2022 and aim to complete the results for phase 1 pilot testing by 2023.

Conclusions
We anticipate that a primarily web-based, 10-week holistic PPI can support improvement in the mental wellness of the youth and has the potential for effective scalability.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/38463
Apolipoprotein L1 Genotypes and the Association of Urinary Potassium Excretion with CKD Progression
Authors: Ilori Titilayo O. , Liu Jing , Rodan Aylin R. , Verma Ashish , Mills Katherine T. , He Jiang , Winkler Cheryl A. , Dupuis Josée , Anderson Cheryl A.M. , Waikar Sushrut S. 
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives
Progressive CKD in Black individuals is strongly associated with polymorphisms in the APOL1 gene, but it is unknown whether dietary risk factors for CKD progression vary in high- versus low-risk APOL1 genotypes. We investigated if APOL1 genotypes modify associations of dietary potassium and sodium with CKD progression and death.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We analyzed 1399 self-identified Black participants enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort from April 2003 to September 2008. Exposures were calibrated 24-hour urine potassium and sodium excretion. The primary outcome was CKD progression defined as the time to 50% decline in eGFR or kidney failure. The secondary outcome was CKD progression or death. We tested for an interaction between urinary potassium and sodium excretion and APOL1 genotypes.

Results
Median 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretions in Black participants were 150 mmol (interquartile range, 118–188) and 43 mmol (interquartile range, 35–54), respectively. Individuals with high- and low-risk APOL1 genotypes numbered 276 (20%) and 1104 (79%), respectively. After a median follow-up of 5.23 years, CKD progression events equaled 605, and after 7.29 years, CKD progression and death events equaled 868. There was significant interaction between APOL1 genotypes and urinary potassium excretion with CKD progression and CKD progression or death (P=0.003 and P=0.03, respectively). In those with high-risk APOL1 genotypes, higher urinary potassium excretion was associated with a lower risk of CKD progression (quartiles 2–4 versus 1: hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 1.39; hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.93; and hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.27 to 0.93, respectively). In the low-risk APOL1 genotypes, higher urinary potassium excretion was associated with a higher risk of CKD progression (quartiles 2–4 versus 1: hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.75 to 1.36; hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.66; and hazard ratio, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 2.09, respectively). We found no interaction between APOL1 genotypes and urinary sodium excretion with CKD outcomes.

Conclusions
Higher urinary potassium excretion was associated with lower versus higher risk of CKD progression in APOL1 high-risk and low-risk genotypes, respectively.
Variables asociadas al conocimiento y uso de citología cervicouterina en mujeres de una universidad de Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: Castillo-Ávila Irma , Gómez-Bustamante Edna , Cogollo-Milanés Zuleima 
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Anualmente se diagnostican 500.000 casos nuevos de cáncer de cuello uterino, aproximadamente 80% ocurren en países en desarrollo. La baja incidencia de la enfermedad está relacionada con la presencia de programas de detección temprana. Objetivo: Determinar las variables sociodemográficas y familiares asociadas al conocimiento y uso adecuado de la citología cervicouterina (CCU) en mujeres de una Universidad de Cartagena. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico, con 259 mujeres, estudiantes y trabajadoras de una institución universitaria. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizando una encuesta sociodemográfica, una de tipología familiar y preguntas que evaluaban los conocimientos y uso de la CCU. Resultados: 42,3% (109) pertenecían a familias nucleares, seguido de 29,5% (76) a familias atípicas. El 85,3% (221) conoce la citología cervical, la principal fuente de información son las instituciones de salud 22,4% (57). El 54,12% (140) de las mujeres tenía una citología previa, y el 26,5% (67) la realiza anualmente. El Conocimiento estuvo asociado a la percepción de funcionalidad familiar, (OR 2,1245 (1,0338-4,3662). Conclusiones: La percepción de disfuncionalidad familiar es un elemento que reduce la práctica de la citología entre las mujeres estudiadas, siendo más importante esta reducción entre las mujeres de estratos más bajos y sin afiliación en salud.
African Caribbean Ethnicity Is an Independent Predictor of Significant Decline in Kidney Function in People With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Mangelis Anastasios , Fountoulakis Nikolaos , Corcillo Antonella , Collins Julian , Vas Prashant , Hussain Sufyan , Hopkins David , Gnudi Luigi , Thomas Stephen , Ayis Salma , Karalliedde Janaka 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to identify the demographic and clinical features in an urban cohort of people with type 1 diabetes who developed a ≥50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We evaluated 5,261 people with type 1 diabetes (51% female, 13.4% African Caribbean) with baseline eGFR &gt;45 mL/min/1.73 m2 between 2004 and 2018. The primary end point was an eGFR decline of ≥50% from baseline with a final eGFR &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2. eGFR was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation.

RESULTS
Of the cohort, 263 (5%) reached the primary end point. These individuals were more likely to be of African Caribbean ethnicity, be older, have a longer duration of diabetes, have higher systolic blood pressure and HbA1c, have more prevalent retinopathy, and have higher albuminuria (all P &lt; 0.05). In multivariable Cox regression models, African Caribbean ethnicity emerged as a significant risk factor for the primary end point (hazard ratio 1.57, 95% CI 1.19, 2.08) compared with other ethnicities and independent of established risk factors (P &lt; 0.01). The incidence rate for the primary end point in African Caribbean people was double that in non–African Caribbean people (16 vs. 7.7 per 1000 patient-years, P &lt; 0.001). A similar significant independent impact of African Caribbean ethnicity for secondary end points (≥40% and ≥30% fall in eGFR) was observed.

CONCLUSIONS
We report a novel observation that African Caribbean ethnicity increased the risk of kidney function loss in people with type 1 diabetes, an effect that was independent of traditional risk factors. Further studies are needed to examine the associated pathophysiology that may explain this observation.
Sex Differences in Physical Activity Among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Whipple Mary O. , Pinto Ana J. , Abushamat Layla A. , Bergouignan Audrey , Chapman Kristina , Huebschmann Amy G. , Masters Kevin S. , Nadeau Kristen J. , Scalzo Rebecca L. , Schauer Irene E. , Rafferty Deirdre , Reusch Jane E.B. , Regensteiner Judith G. 
Published: August 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment. Sex differences in PA behavior or barriers/facilitators to PA among individuals with T2DM are unclear.</p>
<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To summarize the evidence related to sex differences in participation in PA and barriers/facilitators to PA among individuals with T2DM across the lifespan.</p>
<p><strong>Data Source: </strong>Systematic searches (CRD42021254246) were conducted using Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, AMED, PsychINFO, and SPORTDiscus.</p>
<p><strong>Study Selection: </strong>Studies assessing PA, sedentary behaviors (SB) or barriers/facilitators to PA among individuals with T2DM by sex or gender.</p>
<p><strong>Data Extraction: </strong>Participant characteristics, meeting PA guidelines, participation in PA and SB, and barriers/facilitators to PA were extracted by two independent reviewers. </p>
<p><strong>Data Synthesis: </strong>Fifty-three articles (65,344 participants) were included in the systematic review; 21 articles in the meta-analysis. Sex differences were not observed in meeting PA guidelines among adolescents (OR [95% CI], 0.70 [0.31, 1.59]), but males were more likely than females to meet PA guidelines among adults (1.65 [1.36, 2.01]) and older adults (1.63 [1.27, 2.09]). Males performed more moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) than females across all age groups. Common barriers were lack of time (men) and lack of social support and motivation (women). </p>
<p><strong>Limitations:</strong> Limitations include heterogeneity of measures used to assess PA and lack of stratification of data by sex.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sex differences in meeting PA guidelines were not observed among adolescents, but were apparent among adults and older adults with T2DM. Females consistently engaged in less MVPA than males across the lifespan.</p>
African-Caribbean ethnicity is an independent predictor of significant decline in kidney function in people with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Mangelis Anastasios , Fountoulakis Nikolaos , Corcillo Antonella , Collins Julian , Vas Prashant , Hussain Sufyan , Hopkins David , Gnudi Luigi , Thomas Stephen , Ayis Salma , Karalliedde Janaka 
Published: August 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective</strong>: The aim of the study was to identify the demographic and clinical features in an urban cohort of people with type 1 diabetes who developed ≥50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). </p>
<p><strong>Research design and methods</strong>: We evaluated 5261 people with type 1 diabetes (51% female, 13.4% African-Caribbean) with baseline eGFR >45ml/min/1.73m2. Primary endpoint was an eGFR decline ≥50% from baseline with a final eGFR <30ml/min/1.73m2. eGFR was calculated by Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. </p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of the cohort 263 (5%) reached the primary endpoint. People who reached primary endpoint were more likely to be of African-Caribbean ethnicity, older, with a longer duration of diabetes, higher systolic blood pressure and HbA1c, more prevalent retinopathy, and higher albuminuria categories (p<0.05 for all). In multivariable Cox regression models, African-Caribbean ethnicity emerged as a significant risk factor for the primary end-point with a hazard ratio 1.57 (95% confidence interval 1.19-2.08) compared to other ethnicities, independent of established risk factors (p<0.01). The incident rate for the primary endpoint in African-Caribbean people was double that in non African Caribbean people (16 per 1000 patient years versus 7.7 per 1000 patient years, p<0.001). A similar significant independent impact of African-Caribbean ethnicity for secondary endpoints (≥40% or ≥30% fall in eGFR) was observed. </p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> We report a novel observation that African-Caribbean ethnicity increased the risk of kidney function loss, an effect which was independent of traditional risk factors. Further studies are needed to examine the associated pathophysiology that may explain this observation.</p>
<p><br></p>
The effect of a multicomponent intervention on hepatic steatosis is partially mediated by the reduction of intermuscular abdominal adipose tissue in children with overweight or obesity; the EFIGRO project
Authors: Cadenas-Sanchez Cristina , Idoate Fernando , Cabeza Rafael , Villanueva Arantxa , Rodríguez-Vigil Beatriz , Medrano María , Osés Maddi , Ortega Francisco B. , Ruiz Jonatan R. , Labayen Idoia 
Published: August 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective</strong></p>
<p>In adults, there is evidence that the improvement of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) depends on the reduction of myoesteatosis. In children, where the prevalence of MAFLD is alarming, this muscle-liver crosstalk has not been tested. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether the effects of a multicomponent intervention on hepatic fat were mediated by changes on intermuscular abdominal adipose tissue (IMAAT) in children with overweight/obesity.</p>
<p><strong>Research design and methods</strong></p>
<p>A total of 116 children with overweight/obesity were allocated to a 22-week family-based lifestyle and psychoeducational intervention (control group, N=57), or the same <em>plus</em> supervised exercise (exercise group, N=59). Hepatic fat percentage and IMAAT were acquired by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and at the end of the intervention. </p>
<p><strong>Results</strong></p>
<p>Changes in IMAAT explained the 20.7% of the improvements in hepatic steatosis (P<0.05). Only children who meaningfully reduced their IMAAT (i.e., responders), improved hepatic steatosis at the end of the intervention (within-group analysis; responders: -20%, P=0.005 <em>vs.</em> non-responders: -1.5%, P=0.803). Between-group analysis showed greater reductions in favour to the IMAAT responders compared to the non-responders (18.3% <em>vs.</em> 0.6%, P=0.018) regardless of overall abdominal fat loss. </p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<p>The reduction of IMAAT has a relevant role over the improvement of hepatic steatosis after a multicomponent intervention in children with overweight/obesity. Indeed, only those children who achieved a meaningful reduction in IMAAT at the end of the intervention reduced their percentage hepatic fat independently of abdominal fat loss. Our findings suggest that abdominal muscle fatty infiltration could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of MAFLD at childhood. </p>
Use of new technologies in water resources prospecting—A case study on Karst of the Polanco Formation, Uruguay
Authors: Leticia Ivón González Carreira , Claudio Gaucher , Paula Collazo , Daniel Segovia , Jorge Montaño 
Published: August 2022

Hydrogeological background motivated the development of prospective groundwater models in carbonate rocks of the Polanco Formation (Ediacaran). Field and photographic surveys were carried out (SGM, Google Earth and Drone Phantom 2 Vision+), and 3D terrain models were generated to interpret the morpho-structural characteristics of the karst relief. Boreholes and geoelectric data were surveyed. Standard prospective techniques were complemented with remote ground access technologies to generate a specific prospective model for these lithologies. As a result, it was found the existence of folds that generate an inverted relief with “cup” and “tube” type dolines, a karst relief type lapiaz, three springs and the development of wells with an average flow of 30 m3/h. The hydrogeochemical composition corresponds to bicarbonate-calcium waters of natural mineral water quality.