bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equivalence between ωn Source Time Functions and Those Proposed from Dynamic Finite-Source Modeling
Authors: Beresnev Igor A. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThere is far-reaching equivalence between the source time functions inferred from dynamic rupture simulations and those corresponding to the kinematic models of slip radiating the generalized omega-n spectrum, in which the power n is allowed to take on noninteger values. First, the same two physical parameters of faulting—the final-fault displacement U and the peak rate of slip vm—govern the slip law in both cases. Second, in both models, the widths of the radiated far-field velocity pulses follow close analytical forms. Third, the full variety of temporal shapes of the dynamic source time functions, spanning the entire parameter space, closely corresponds to the variation in the omega-n shapes with n changing from 1.5 to 3.5, approximately. Smaller n lead to the source time functions that reach the maximum value of slip velocity faster: they cause greater asymmetry of the resulting far-field ground-displacement pulse and shorter duration of the positive velocity pulse. Fourth, in the frequency domain, the ωn spectrum, in which n changes in a narrower range from approximately 2 to 2.5, similarly includes nearly the entire range of possible dynamic Fourier spectra. The narrower range in n found in the frequency domain is explained by the constraints on the spectral slope imposed by the specific triangular shape of the dynamic functions. Fifth, in both dynamic and ωn models, the peak rate of slip vm is the parameter exerting dominant effect on the strength of fault’s high-frequency radiation, in the identical quantitative manner. It follows that the omega-n model of slip, in which n is allowed to vary, correctly captures the underlying physics of rupture.
Comparison of nalbuphine and fentanyl as adjuvants to bupivacaine in unilateral spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgeries
Authors: Srinivasaiah Madhu , Padmaraju Dhananjeyulu , Gadiraju Surekha , Nidiginti Bhavya 
Published: April 2022

Unilateral spinal anaesthesia is a technique used to avoid hemodynamic changes and early recovery. Adjuvants are added to prolong post operative analgesia, this study was done to compare nalbuphine (0.8mg) and fentanyl (20µg) as adjuvants to 0.5% bupivacaine Heavy in unilateral spinal anaesthesia for patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgeries. Randomized double blind study in patients posted for lower limb orthopaedic surgery in a teritiary care center.Unilateral spinal anaesthesia was given to 68 eligible patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgery with nalbuphine (0.8mg) and fentanyl (20µg) as adjuvants to 0.5% bupivacaine Heavy. Block characterstics, unilaterality, hemodynamic changes and recovery were noted. Independent sample t-test was used to compare continuous variables with normal distribution and chi square test for categorical variablesUnilateral block was seen in 60 of 68 patients enrolled. Time to achieve T 10 level was comparable between both the groups in nalbuphine and fentanyl group (4.33±0.99 and 4.77 ± 0.89 respectively). Duration of sensory block was significantly lesser in nalbuphine group as compared to fentanyl group (170.67±15.34 and 178.83±15.04 respectively). However, there was no significant difference in duration of analgesia, 265.17 ± 17.73 in nalbuphine group and 260.23 ±31.03 in fentanyl group (p=0.45).Nalbuphine due to its easy availability can be used as effective alternative to fentanyl as adjuvant in unilateral spinal anaesthesia.
Produksi dan Kualitas Kolostrum dan Susu Kolostrum pada Sapi Perah yang Mengkonsumsi Daun Katuk Depolarisasi
Authors: Atabany Afton , Suprayogi Agik , Muladno Muladno , Satrija Fadjar , Tarigan Ronald , Sugiono Welly , Queen Yuliantony 
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of additional feed with depolarizing katuk leaves on the production and quality of colostrum and colostrum milk in Friesian Holstein dairy cows. There were 21 dairy cows that had just giving birth, divided into 3 groups of 7 each, namely the control group (complete feed), BKD (complete feed added with Depolarizing Katuk Powder), PKD (complete feed added with Depolarizing Katuk Pellet). Depolarizing katuk feed was given 100 grams per head per day as a feed additive. Parameters observed were feed consumption, production and quality of colostrum and colostrum milk. The results showed that there was no difference in the consumption of feed supplemented with depolarizing katuk leaves, colostrum production, milk density, total solid colostrum, Solid non-fat, lactose contents, and protein contents of colostrum and colostrum milk compared to the control group. Significant differences occurred in colostrum milk production, total solid colostrum milk, and fat content of colostrum and colostrum milk. It was concluded that depolarizing katuk leaves could be used as additional feed to increase the production and total solids of colostrum milk, and increase the fat content of colostrum and colostrum milk. Keywords: colostrum, colostrum milk, depolarizing katuk leaf, Friesian Holstein
Status Nutrisi Mineral Rusa Totol (Axis axis) di Lingkungan Istana Kepresidenan Bogor
Authors: Andini Rahmita Yulia , Suryahadi Suryahadi , Suharti Sri 
Published: April 2022

The study aimed to determine the effect of mineral status (Ca, P, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Pb) in soil, grass, and hair of spotted deer in the Bogor Presidential Palace. Fifteen male deer were randomly selected with an age of ± 2.5‒6 years. Soil was collected from ten points representing land, and grass samples were obtained by sampling from several points of the grazing area. Mineral content in soil, grass, and deer hair were analyzed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that the level of Ca (0.03%) and P (0.016%) in the soil are deficient, Mn (1960 ppm), Zn (33.89 ppm), and Cu (77.23 ppm) are considered in the normal range, and Fe and Pb elements are high. Mineral levels of Ca, P, Cu, and Zn in grasses do not meet the daily requirements, whilst high levels of Fe and Mn minerals exceed the requirements for the spotted deer. The Pb content in grass is 0.94 ppm, which is within the normal limit. The levels of Ca (0.02%), Fe (308.11 ppm). and Mn (6.18 ppm) minerals in deer hair are high, however, zinc (44.68 ppm) and Cu (3.08 ppm) levels are low. High Pb level (14.38 ppm) is due to the long-term impact of Pb accumulation.

Keywords: Bogor Palace, mineral status, Axis axis
Porphyromonas gingivalis en fluido crevicular de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2.
Authors: Britos Maria Rosenda , Sin Cynthya Solange , Ortega Silvia Mercedes 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Obtener la prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Material y método: Este estudio fue de tipo descriptivo transversal. El tipo de muestreo fue por conveniencia y la muestra estuvo conformada por 50 pacientes diagnosticados con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Los grados de Periodontitis se clasificaron de acuerdo a los criterios de Papapanou et al., año 2018. Se obtuvo la prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis por PCR de punto final. La muestra se tomó en dos sitios con mayor profundidad de bolsa. El control de la glucosa se evaluó midiendo el porcentaje de hemoglobina glicosilada. El análisis estadístico fue realizado mediante el Software InfoStat 2019, y se empleó la Prueba de Independencia mediante el estadístico Chi-Cuadrado con un 5% de significancia. Resultados: Se obtuvo una prevalencia del 30 % de P. gingivalis. Un 56% de la muestra presentó un grado 0 de periodontitis un, 24 % grado I, 8% presentó un grado II y un 12%, un grado III. No se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre la presencia de P.gingivalis y los grados de periodontitis. Conclusión: La prevalencia de P.gingivalis en la muestra de pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 es de un 30% y su distribución es independiente del grado de Enfermedad periodontal.
Stratigraphic and Geochemical Evidence for the Alteration of Calcareous Glauconitic Marine Sediments to Calcium Bentonite
Authors: May James H. , Isphording Wayne C. , Patrick David , Williamson David R. , Lyles James E. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Calcium bentonite mined in Smith County, Mississippi, has been reported in numerous publications to be derived from the weathering of volcanic ash. These interpretations were based on the bentonite having similar properties to bentonites actually formed from volcanic precursors. No recent detailed stratigraphic mapping in combination with modern laboratory analyses had been conducted for this area. Calcium bentonite, found at Olmstead, Illinois, in contrast, formed in situ from the weathering of biotite, glauconite, quartz, and other materials found in shallow calcareous marine deposits. Detailed stratigraphic mapping in Smith County in 2011 was carried out by Mississippi State University as part of a proposed surface reservoir study. The mapping, utilizing GPS and continuous sonic core samples, indicated that calcium bentonite was present and similarly formed by the in situ weathering of calcareous, glauconitic, marine marl in several formations in the Oligocene Vicksburg Group. The bentonite was not restricted to one stratigraphic interval as would be the case for a true ashfall deposit. Additional research conducted at Mississippi State University and more recently by others confirmed that the bentonite was formed by weathering and contemporaneous microbial action of the calcareous glauconitic marls. No volcanic ash was detected in any of the samples tested. The preponderance of other material present in the Smith County bentonite renders the presence of minute amounts of volcanic detritus volumetrically insignificant in the formation of the clay mass. A conceptual model is presented showing how the bentonite was formed and why it is restricted to this small area of the Oligocene outcrop.
Geomorphology, Three-Dimensional Geology, and Seismologic Hazards of the New Madrid Seismic Zone in Dyer County, Tennessee
Authors: Reichenbacher Renee , Van Arsdale Roy , Cox Randel , Cramer Chris 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTGeomorphic and three-dimensional geologic mapping reveals two major fault systems of the seismically active Reelfoot rift pass beneath Dyer County in northwestern Tennessee, the Reelfoot South fault, and the east-bounding faults of the Reelfoot rift. The Dyer County mapping also indicates that the two principal Reelfoot South fault hanging wall structures, the Lake County uplift and Tiptonville dome, pass beneath the county. Quaternary displacement was identified on southeastern Reelfoot rift margin faults in Dyer County, thus indicating that this rift margin has been active during the Quaternary from adjacent Obion County through Dyer County to Lauderdale County, Tennessee, for a distance of at least 60 km. The three-dimensional geologic mapping also provides stratigraphic thicknesses of surface sediment and underlying Paleogene and Cretaceous strata that significantly contribute to the estimation of ground motion in the event of a future large New Madrid seismic zone earthquake. The new ground motion maps using the three-dimensional geology of Dyer County are compared to the current U.S. Geological Survey earthquake hazard maps. This comparison reveals generally lower acceleration for buildings less than four stories high and greater acceleration for buildings greater than 10 stories high in the event of a large New Madrid seismic zone earthquake.
Possible formation of hydrogen-rich layer in the topmost outer core by deeply subducted water
Authors: Lee Yongjae , Kim Taehyun , O'Rourke Joseph , Lee Jeongmin , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali , Husband Rachel , Giordano Nico , Liermann Hanns-Peter , Shim Sang-Heon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A thin layer with a lower velocity has been documented at the topmost outer core (Eʹ layer). However, the observation has been difficult to explain with a light element concentration change. Here, performing laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiment, we report the formation of FeHx and SiO2 from a reaction between water and FeSi alloy at the conditions relevant to the Earth’s core-mantle boundary (CMB). If water has been delivered to the CMB, this reaction could enable the exchange of hydrogen and silicon between the mantle and the core. As a result, a H-rich, Si-deficient layer formed at the topmost core would have a lower density, stabilizing the stratification, and a lower velocity, consistent with seismic studies. Therefore, the Eʹ layer may result from the deep transport of water to the CMB.
Ultrahigh Dynamic Range and Low Noise Figure Programmable Integrated Microwave Photonic Filter
Authors: Daulay Okky , Liu Gaojian , Ye Kaixuan , Botter Roel , Klaver Yvan , Tan Qinggui , Yu Hongxi , Hoekman Marcel , Klein Edwin , Roeloffzen Chris , Liu Yang , Marpaung David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Microwave photonics (MWP) has adopted a number of important concepts and technologies over the recent pasts, including photonic integration, versatile programmability, and techniques for enhancing key radio frequency performance metrics such as the noise figure and the dynamic range. However, to date, these aspects have not been achieved simultaneously in a single circuit. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, a multi-functional integrated microwave photonic circuit that enables on-chip programmable filtering functions while achieving record-high of >120 dB.Hz dynamic range and 15 dB of noise figure that are previously unreachable. We achieve this unique feature using versatile complex spectrum tailoring enabled by an all integrated modulation transformer and a double injection ring resonator as a multi-function optical filtering component. This work breaks the conventional and fragmented approach of integration, functionality and performance that currently prevents the adoption of integrated MWP systems in real applications.
An analytical insight of discussions and sentiments of Indians on Omicron-driven third wave of COVID-19 using twitter data
Authors: Vatsa Deepika Vatsa Deepika , Yadav Ashima Yadav Ashima 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Microblogging has become one of the most crucial tool for expressing and sharing the opinions and views of everyday life events. Digital channels are being used to monitor public health issues on the Internet. Twitter is a very popular source that provides tweets related to the sentiment of the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many researchers have used tweets to monitor the opinion of the people towards the coronavirus vaccine, mental health problems, treatment received by the doctors, impact of lockdown, etc. However, these works were mostly limited to the first and second waves of the pandemic. In this work, we aim to study the impact of the third wave of the pandemic, which started in December 2021 in India. We accomplished this by collecting tweet data set of two months, i.e., December 2021 and January 2022, discussing COVID-19 and having country code as "IN". We employed the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) technique for topic modeling and labeled each tweet message with the topic words that best describe it. We also utilized sentiment labels for each tweet and analyzed the distribution of different topics across different sentiment labels. This helped us to analyze the perspectives and sentiments of the people with respect to different topic discussions. Our analysis discovered that the two most discussed topics were ``precautionary measures" like get well soon, stay safe, wear mask, etc., and ``vaccine" where people have discussed about its effectiveness and vaccination drive in India. We found that people mostly had neutral sentiments for the former topic while for the latter, overall sentiment polarity was negative, reflecting peoples' mistrust in the COVID-19 vaccine.
Global three-dimensional draping of magnetic field lines in Earth's magnetosheath from in-situ spacecraft measurements
Authors: de Welle Bayane Michotte , Aunai Nicolas , Nguyen Gautier , Lavraud Benoit , Génot Vincent , Jeandet Alexis , Smets Roch 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Magnetic field draping occurs when the magnetic field lines frozen in a plasma flow wrap around a body or plasma environment.
The draping of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) around the Earth's magnetosphere has been confirmed in the early days of space exploration.
However, its global and three-dimensional structure is known from modeling only, mostly numerical.
Here, this structure in the dayside of the Earth's magnetosheath is determined as a function of the upstream IMF orientation purely from in-situ spacecraft observations.
We show the draping structure can be organized in three distinct regimes depending on how radial the upstream IMF is.
Quantitative analysis demonstrates how the draping pattern results from the frozen-in condition with the magnetosheath flow, deflected around the magnetopause.
Moisture- and period-dependent interactive effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and AM fungus on water use and yield formation in dryland wheat
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Maqsood Ur , Zhu Ying , Abrar Muhammad , Khan Wasim , Wang Wei , Iqbal Awais , Khan Anum , Chen Yuan , Rafiq Muhammad , Tufail Muhammad Aammar , Ye Jian-Sheng , Xiong You-Cai 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In drought-prone soils, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) might positively affect water uptake and crop yield via rhizosphere interactions.
Methods
Sole and combined additions of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase and Rhizophagus irregularis into rhizospheric soils were performed under well-watered (WW; 80% field water capacity), moderate water stress (MWS; 50% FWC) and severe water stress (SWS; 35% FWC) in pot-cultured wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
Results
In moderate and severe drought stress, water use efficiency (WUEB) was increased by 27.9–34.3% in PGPR and 20-22.1% in AMF treatments, respectively, and grain yield was improved by 20.03–30.77% in PGPR and 12.13–34.34% in AMF treatments, respectively, compared with CK. Importantly, the co-inoculation of AMF and PGPR significantly promoted WUEB by 57.46–98.49% and grain yield by 131.82–94.94% compared to the average value of two sole inoculations in MWS and SWS treatments, respectively. Biomass production followed a similar trend as yield. Particularly, the above parameters were significantly enhanced with the prolonged developmental stages (p < 0.05). ACC deaminase significantly reduced ACC accumulation in MWS and SWS, enhanced AMF root colonization, and promoted rhizosphere microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen levels across all three developing stages. Furthermore, AMF-PGPR co-inoculation enhanced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents during anthesis while reducing them during pre-harvesting. Enhanced water uptake and root activities upsurged photosynthetic attributes throughout the growing season.
Conclusion
AMF-PGPR co-inoculation acted as a promising solution to cope with the droughted environment via root activities for stronger water capture.
Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with the Vero cell lines by scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Malá Zuzana , Vojta Marek , Loskot Jan , Sleha Radek , Ježek Bruno , Zelenka Mgr. Josef 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the cell structure of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. Our measurements revealed infection remodeling caused by infection, including the emergence of new specialized areas where viral morphogenesis occurs at the cell membrane. Intercellular extensions for viral cell surfing have also been observed. Our results expand our knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with cells, its spread from cell to cell, and their size distribution. Our findings suggest that SEM is a useful microscopic method for intracellular ultrastructure analysis of cells exhibiting specific surface modifications that could also be applied to studying other important biological processes.
The GPR120 Agonist TUG-891 Alleviates Neuronal Pyroptosis by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress after Experimental Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Mice
Authors: Wang Haoxiang , Liu Chang , Li Yuanyou , Cao Yi , Zhao Long , Zhao Yanjie , Deng Ziang , Tong Aiping , Zhou Liangxue 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a disease with high disability and mortality rate and lacks specific therapy, and which basic causes lies in the unclear mechanism. Recently, the pyroptosis in central nervous system diseases has received more attention, which is closely related to traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic stroke. Furthermore, excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress can cause dysfunction of endoplasmic reticulum and even cell pyroptosis by regulating NLRP3 pathway. However, the relationship between pyroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress after IVH is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress and its relationship with pyroptosis in a mouse model of IVH. Our results show that intracerebroventricular injection of autologous blood induced pyroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The mechanism is that after IVH, the endoplasmic reticulum stress--NLRP3 inflammatory body--pyroptosis pathway is activated, which results in brain tissue damage. This effect can be reversed by the combination of TUG-891 and GPR120. In summary, we revealed that TUG-891 inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress and reduces neuronal pyroptosis by activating GPR120, which might be a therapeutic target for the treatment of IVH.