bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEMAMPUAN RASIO CAMEL DALAM MEMPREDIKSI PERTUMBUHAN LABA BANK BUMN
Authors: Permatasari Rinny , Saiful Saiful , Midiastuty Pratana P 
Published: October 2022

The focus of this study aimed to analyze the influence of financial ratios to future earnings growth consist of CAR, KAP, PPAP, NIM, ROA, ROA, and LDR. The sample in this research is the state-owned banking company listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange which issued quarterly and annual financial statements for fiscal year 2009 to 2013, namely PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero), Tbk, PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk, and PT. Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero), Tbk. These three state-owned banks are located in the category of Commercial Bank Business Activities (BUKU) 4 with core capital above Rp. 30 trillion. Data collection methods used are literature and documentation. Data were analyzed using classic assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis test, and test the hypothesis by using the tool SPSS. This study could not provide the empirical evidence on the influence of CAR, KAP, PPAP, NIM, BOPO, ROA, dan LDR to earning growth.
E-commerce: desde la perspectiva del cliente de la ciudad de Pasaje
Authors: Vega-Arteaga Jhonny , Ojeda-Gallegos Xavier , Solórzano-González Alexandra 
Published: October 2022

El uso del comercio electrónico y la cultura de compra desarrollada por el avance tecnológico han permitido que se utilice este medio como método de comercialización para la adquisición de bienes o servicios necesarios para satisfacer las necesidades de los consumidores en la ciudad de Pasaje.
Actualmente, el avance de la tecnología ha abierto el paso a que los consumidores adquieran un nuevo comportamiento dentro de este mercado, por ello el interés de este presente se centra en la realización de una investigación de los aspectos, factores y elementos que influyen en el cliente al momento de realizar compras en microempresas, mediante la metodología cuantitativa- descriptiva la cual tiene como finalidad caracterizar el objeto de estudio, para ello se utilizó como instrumento encuestas en línea. Entre los principales resultados expuestos por la tabulación de las encuestas se demuestran los aspectos que influyen en los consumidores al utilizar el comercio electrónico como medio de comprar, algunos de estos aspectos son la comodidad, los precios accesibles, la publicidad real y la facilidad en la utilización de medios electrónicos; de esta manera el consumidor ahorra tiempo y dinero.
Critical Discourse Analysis of Language and Power in EFL Classroom Interaction
Authors: Rachmawati Siti Amalia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This study aims to discuss the use of language and the power possessed by the teacher in interacting with students in the classroom on the way student perceptions and its contribution to student learning outcomes. This study investigates teacher discourse and teacher-student discourse that occurs in the classroom interaction. Through this explanation of critical discourse analysis, the researcher proposes to distribute the concepts of classroom interaction between teacher and students, the use of the teacher’s language, and the use of the teacher’s power. This explains the role of the power of using language in classroom interactions to create good learning characteristics and outcomes. The analysis of this research is based on the theory of discourse analysis which focuses on the topic of language taken from Fairclough's theory and the types of power by French and Raven (1959). The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method that deals with data in the form of words from interviews and questionnaires. The results showed that the teacher’s language in classroom interaction is used not only to interact with the students but also to provide the materials and information, to give instruction, and to train the students’ skills. The power with the highest frequency of use produced by the teacher during the learning process is expert power, reward power, referent power, legitimate power and the last is coercive power.
Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, Classroom Interaction, Language, Power
Students’ and Teacher’s Challenges in Distance Learning Implementation in EFL Context in SMK Nusa Dua Toya Anyar Kubu, Karangasem
Authors: Sutami Ni Kadek , Santosa Made Hery , Mahendrayana Gede 
Published: October 2022

This study aims to investigate the students’ and teacher’s challenges in learning EFL in distance learning context for 162 eleventh grade students and one English teacher in SMK Nusa Dua Toya Anyar Kubu, Karangasem in the academic year of 2020/2021. This study used mixed-method as the data were collected through questionnaire for the quantitative data and interview for qualitative data. The quantitative data were analyzed by using SPSS to find the mean score and used TCR guidelines of categorization developed from Sugiyono (2017), while the qualitative data were analyzed according to the steps by Miles and Huberman (1994). The result of students’ challenges are found that the challenges related to instructional variables (lack of explanation from teachers and limited opportunity to practice four English basic skills) were categorized the highest challenges experienced by the students compared to in institutional and individual variables. In addition, the result for the teacher’s data analysis found that the evaluation and assessment variables are the highest challenges compared to access and motivation variables. Understanding the role of teacher as the instructor in distance learning is important to improve students’ ability and can minimize the students’ challenges in distance learning.
Keywords: Distance learning, EFL, Learning Challenges
Association between caffeine intake and lumbar spine bone mineral density in adults aged 20–49: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Gaoxiang , Fang Ze-Bin , Liu De-Liang , Chu Shu-Fang , Li Hui-Lin , Zhao Heng-Xia 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundMany epidemiological studies have investigated the connection between coffee intake and bone mineral density (BMD), but the results are controversial. This study aimed to assess the association between caffeine consumption and lumbar BMD in adults aged 20–49.MethodsFrom a cross-sectional study based on a large sample of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2018. After controlling for confounders, the weighted multivariate linear regression model was created and stratified by age, gender, and race for subgroup analysis. In addition, we simultaneously stratified analysis by age and sex and divided caffeine intake into quartiles to assess the association between coffee intake and BMD.ResultsCaffeine intake was not significantly linked with lumbar BMD in this study of 7041 adults. In subgroup studies stratified by age, there was a significant correlation between lumbar BMD and caffeine consumption in participants aged 30–39 and 40–49. In females, there was a positive correlation between lumbar BMD and coffee consumption stratified by gender. When evaluated by race, the association between lumbar BMD and caffeine intake was independent of race. Consequently, when stratifying for age, sex, and coffee intake quartiles, a significant positive correlation was discovered between the fourth coffee intake quartile and lumbar BMD in females aged 30–39. In addition, a negative correlation was discovered between coffee consumption and lumbar BMD in males aged 40–49.ConclusionsOur research indicates that drinking coffee may benefit 30–39 women’s lumbar BMD, but it may adversely affect men aged 40–49.
Water chemical oxygen demand prediction model based on the CNN and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Authors: Ye Binqiang , Cao Xuejie , Liu Hong , Wang Yong , Tang Bin , Chen Changhong , Chen Qing 
Published: October 2022

Excessive levels of organic matter in water threaten ecological safety and endanger human health. As the water resource environment is deteriorating, accurate and rapid determination of water quality parameters has become a current research hotspot. In recent years, the ultraviolet spectrometry method has been more widely used in the detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD), which is convenient and without chemical reagents. However, this method tends to use absorbance at 254 nm to measure COD. It has a good detection effect when the composition of pollutants is single, but in real life, the complex composition of pollutants will seriously affect the accuracy of measurement. Therefore, a COD prediction model based on ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometry and the convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. Compared with other traditional COD prediction models, this model makes full use of the absorbance of all ultraviolet and visible wavelengths, avoiding the information loss caused by using specific wavelengths. Meanwhile, this model is constructed based on the shallow CNN, using convolutional layers with different step lengths instead of the traditional pooling layers, which reduces computation and enhances the capture of spectral feature peaks. Additionally, with the powerful feature extraction capability of the CNN, this model reduces the reliance on pre-processing methods and improves the utilization of spectral information. Experiments have shown that our model has better fitting results and accuracy than other traditional COD prediction models such as the principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares regression (PLSR), and backpropagation (BP) neural network. This study provides a better solution for improving the accuracy of UV-Vis water quality COD detection, which is conducive to real-time monitoring of the water quality, providing data support of water pollution and its development trend for the government’s water resource protection policy and promoting biodiversity development.
Lactate-driven macrophage polarization in the inflammatory microenvironment alleviates intestinal inflammation
Authors: Zhou Hai-Cun , Yu Wen-Wen , Yan Xin-Yan , Liang Xiao-Qin , Ma Xiu-Feng , Long Jian-Ping , Du Xiao-Yan , Mao Hong-Yan , Liu Hong-Bin 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundLactate has long been considered an intermediate by-product of glucose metabolism. However, in recent years, accumulating evidence reveals that lactate has unique biological activities. In previous studies, lactate signaling was shown to inhibit inflammation. Furthermore, in vitro experiments have shown that lactate can promote the transformation of pro-inflammatory macrophages into anti-inflammatory macrophages. However, no in vivo studies have shown whether lactate can alleviate inflammation.MethodsRAW 264.7 macrophages were stimulated by LPS to induce an M1 phenotype, and cultured with low and high concentrations of lactate. The cells were then observed for phenotypic transformations and expression of inflammatory mediators and surface markers. The expression of inflammatory factors was also analyzed in the cell-free supernatant fraction. Further, a mouse model of DSS-induced colitis was established and treated with lactate. Colonic tissue injury was monitored by histopathological examinations.ResultsThe in vitro experiments showed that lactate promoted the transformation of activated macrophages to M2 phenotype and decreased the expression of TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling proteins and inflammatory factors. In the DSS-induced colitis mouse model, lactate promoted the phenotypic transformation of macrophages in colonic tissue, reduced inflammation and organ damage, inhibited the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors, increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factors, promoted the repair of the intestinal mucosal barrier and reduced the severity of colitis.ConclusionsLactate inhibits the TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway and the production of pro-inflammatory factors by promoting polarization of macrophages. In addition, lactate promotesthe repair of the intestinal mucosal barrier and protects intestinal tissue in inflammation. Furthermore, lactate is relatively safe. Therefore, lactate is a promising and effective drug for treating inflammation through immunometabolism regulation.
Rapid detection of Enterocytospora artemiae in Chinese grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sinensis) through isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification
Authors: Jiang Hongbo , Liu Jinghui , Bao Jie , Xing Yuenan , Feng Chengcheng , Hu Qingbiao , Li Xiaodong , Chen Qijun 
Published: October 2022

Enterospora artemiae, an obligate intracellular parasitic microsporidium, severely affects the development of Chinese grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sinensis) aquaculture. Currently, no effective drugs or vaccines are available for treatment. To improve the diagnosis and prevention of microsporidia infection inP. sinensis, two recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) detection methods (visualized by electrophoresis [RPA-AGE] and a colloidal gold lateral flow dip-strip [RPA-LFD], respectively) were established based on theE. artemiaeS8 serine protease gene. RPA-AGE showed optimal amplification at 37°C for 30 min, and amplification by RPA-LFD was completed in 10 min at 37°C and produced detection results within 5 min. Regarding specificity, both methods showed specific amplification ofE. artemiaebut not of other pathogens. Regarding sensitivity, the minimum detection limit for both RPA-AGE and RPA-LFD was 4.7 copies/μL. Using 30 clinical samples, the 70%-positive rate was lower than that of fluorescence quantitation, but accuracy was improved compared with conventional polymerase chain reaction-based amplification (56.7%). Our RPA-AGE and RPA-LFD methods showed high specificity and sensitivity, with short detection time. In particular, the RPA-LFD method can be used for simple on-site detection ofE. artemiaeinP. sinensisfarms without the requirement of experimental equipment, which can facilitate the prevention and control of this microsporidial disease.
Influence of marital status on the treatment and survival of middle-aged and elderly patients with primary bone cancer
Authors: Wen Yixin , Zhang Hui , Zhi Kaining , Li Minghui 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe role of spousal support has been recognized to benefit patients with many chronic diseases and cancers. However, the impact of marital status on the survival of middle-aged and elderly patients with primary bone tumors remains elusive.Materials and methodsThe data of patients aged ≥ 45 years with primary bone tumors diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to assess the overall survival and tumor-specific survival of patients. The Cox proportional hazards and Fine-and-Gray models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and sub-distribution HRs (sHR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of all-cause mortality and tumor-specific mortality, respectively.ResultsA total of 5,640 primary bone tumors were included in the study. In 45–59 years cohort, married, unmarried, divorced and widowed accounted for 66.0, 21.0, 11.2, and 1.8%, respectively; while 64.3, 10.1, 8.8, and 16.8% in 60+ years cohort, respectively. The widowed patients had a lower proportion of early-stage tumors at diagnosis than that married, unmarried, and divorced patients (31.0% vs. 36% vs. 37.1% vs. 39.4%; P = 0.008), and had a higher proportion of patients who did not undergo surgery than that of married, unmarried, and divorced patients (38.6% vs. 21.3% vs. 24.6% vs. 24.4%; P &lt; 0.001). The widowed population had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.50–1.88; P &lt; 0.001) and disease-related mortality (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.09–1.61; P = 0.005) compared with the married population.ConclusionThe marital status of middle-aged and elderly people can affect the tumor stage at diagnosis, treatment, and survival prognosis of patients with primary bone cancer. Widowed patients are more inclined to choose non-surgical treatment and have the worst prognosis.
Intraoperative hypotension in non-emergency decompression surgery for cervical spondylosis: The role of chronic arterial hypertension
Authors: Chiang Ting-Yun , Wang Yen-Kai , Huang Wen-Cheng , Huang Shiang-Suo , Chu Ya-Chun 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundCervical spondylotic myelopathy and chronic hypertension show a cause-effect relationship. Hypertension increases cardiovascular risk and is associated with intraoperative hypotension. We aimed to evaluate intraoperative hypotension in patients undergoing non-emergency decompression surgery for cervical spondylosis and its association with clinical myelopathy and chronic arterial hypertension.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used healthcare data of adult patients undergoing cervical spine surgeries at Taipei Veterans General Hospital from 2015 to 2019. The primary outcomes were the incidence of intraoperative hypotension and predictive factors, and the secondary outcomes were the association of intraoperative hypotension and postoperative adverse outcomes in the surgical population.ResultsAmong the 1833 patients analyzed, 795 (43.4%) required vasopressor treatment and 342 (18.7%) showed persistent hypotension. Factors independent associated with hypotension after anesthetic induction were age [odds ratio (OR), 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.23 per 5 years, P &lt; 0.001], male sex (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.21-2.19, P &lt; 0.001), chronic hypertension (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.32-2.38, P &lt; 0.001), upper cervical spine level C0-2 treated (OR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.92-4.84, P &lt; 0.001 vs. C3-T1), and increased number of spine segments treated (OR, 1.43; 95% CI 1.26-1.63, P &lt; 0.001). Patients who developed intraoperative hypotension experienced more acute postoperative kidney injury (OR, 7.90; 95% CI, 2.34–26.63, P &lt; 0.001), greater need for intensive care (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.24–2.60, P = 0.002), and longer admission after surgery (1.09 days longer, 95% CI 0.06-2.12, P = 0.038).ConclusionIntraoperative hypotension is common even in non-emergency cervical spine surgery. A history of hypertension independently predicted intraoperative hypotension. Prompt assessments for identifiable features can help ameliorate intraoperative hypotension.
Global microRNA and protein expression in human term placenta
Authors: Östling Hanna , Lodefalk Maria , Backman Helena , Kruse Robert 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionDescription of the global expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins in healthy human term placentas may increase our knowledge of molecular biological pathways that are important for normal fetal growth and development in term pregnancy. The aim of this study was to explore the global expression of miRNAs and proteins, and to point out functions of importance in healthy term placentas.Materials and methodsPlacental samples (n = 19) were identified in a local biobank. All samples were from uncomplicated term pregnancies with vaginal births and healthy, normal weight newborns. Next-generation sequencing and nano-scale liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry were used to analyse miRNA and protein expression, respectively.ResultsA total of 895 mature miRNAs and 6,523 proteins were detected in the placentas, of which 123 miRNAs and 346 proteins were highly abundant. The miRNAs were in high degree mapped to chromosomes 19, 14, and X. Analysis of the highly abundant miRNAs and proteins showed several significantly predicted functions in common, including immune and inflammatory response, lipid metabolism and development of the nervous system.DiscussionThe predicted function inflammatory response may reflect normal vaginal delivery, while lipid metabolism and neurodevelopment may be important processes for the term fetus. The data presented in this study, with complete miRNA and protein findings, will enhance the knowledge base for future research in the field of placental function and pathology.
Pomegranate extract supplementation improves lung function parameters and IL-35 expression in participants with mild and moderate persistent allergic asthma: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Shateri Zainab , Hosseini Seyed Ahmad , Abolnezhadian Farhad , Maraghi Elham , Haddadzadeh Shoushtari Maryam , Zilaee Marzie 
Published: October 2022

Existing asthma treatments are associated with side effects and limitations, which has led to an interest in alternative and complementary therapies. Given the anti-inflammatory properties of pomegranate, the present study aimed to determine the impact of pomegranate extract supplementation on lung function parameters evaluated through spirometry, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), pro-oxidant antioxidant balance, and interleukin 35) (IL-35) in participants with mild and moderate allergic asthma (based on forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and clinical symptoms). Participants with mild and moderate allergic asthma (n = 64) were randomly assigned to two groups: the intervention group, which received two pomegranate extract capsules (500 mg/day), or the control group for eight weeks. Also, the physician prescribed similar drugs to the participants in the study. Independent samples T-test and Mann–Whitney U were used to compare the quantitative outcomes between the intervention group and the comparison group. The Wilcoxon test and the paired T-test were applied for within-group comparisons. A p-value &lt;0.05 was considered significant. At the end of the study, the change levels of IL-35 in the intervention group increased significantly compared to the control group. In terms of the lung function parameters, FEV1/ forced vital capacity (FVC) (FEV1/FVC) ratio enhanced significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group. Also, the pomegranate extract significantly improved forced expiratory flow 25–75% (FEF25−75%), FEV1/FVC ratio, and FEV1 in the intervention group. No significant changes in FEV1 values were observed between the two groups at the end of the study. Also, no significant changes were seen in other indicators. It seems that pomegranate extract can improve lung function parameters and IL-35 expression in mild and moderate allergic asthma.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.irct.ir/trial/45612; identifier: IRCT20200205046384N1.