bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-sensor image memorization and encoding via optical neurons for bio-stimulus domain reduction towards visual cognitive processing
Authors: Lee Doeon , Park Minseong , Baek Yongmin , Bae Byungjoon , Heo Junseok , Lee Kyusang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As machine vision technology generates large amounts of data from sensors, it requires efficient computational systems for visual cognitive processing. However, the spatially separated sensor/processor architecture suffers from data transportation bottleneck issues due to repeated and redundant data exchange between them. Recently, in-sensor computing systems have emerged as a potential solution for reducing unnecessary data transfer and realizing fast and energy-efficient visual cognitive processing. However, they still lack the capability to process stored images directly within the sensor. Here, we demonstrate an advanced machine vision system for in-sensor visual cognitive processing, emulating a mammalian image encoding process to extract features from the input images, to achieve a domain reduction from the sensor. Heterogeneous integration of a compound semiconductor-based 1-photodiode and oxide-based 1-memristor array enables to memorize images in pixels, and directly conducts a multiply–accumulate operation within the sensor. Since trained weight values are applied as an input to the image-saved crossbar array instead of storing the weight value in it as using the vectorized image as an input for multiply–accumulate operations in our system. Therefore, the input data towards the artificial neural network (ANN) is significantly reduced, and vectorization of the image is no longer needed, thereby minimizing data transportation bottlenecks. We believe the heterogeneously integrated in-sensor computing platform provides an advanced architecture for real-time and data-intensive machine-vision applications via bio-stimulus domain reduction.
The interaction between rs 3807992 genotypes with the dietary inflammatory index on Leptin, leptin resistance, and Galectin 3 in obese and overweight women
Authors: Shiraseb Farideh , Farazi Mena , Rasaei Niloufar , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: Obesity is related to increasing leptin and some inflammatory factors that are related to low-grade inflammation. Several studies have shown Caveolin-1 (CAV1) genetic variations may correlate with dietary intake. The current study aimed to evaluate the interaction of CAV1 rs3807992 with types of the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (EDII) in leptin, leptin resistance, and Galectin 3 as inflammatory factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 363 overweight and obese females. Dietary intake and DII were obtained from a 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The CAV-1 genotype was measured using the PCR-RFLP method. Anthropometric values and serum levels of leptin and Galectin 3 were measured by standard methods.Results: Increased adherence to EDII in the interaction with CAV1 genotypes containing risk alleles (AA+AG) leads to an increase in leptin level 79.15 ng/ml (β= 79.15, CI= -1.23,163.94, P= 0.04) in model 3 after controlling for further potential confounders. By contrast, adherence to EDII in the interaction with that genotype include risk alleles showed no significant interaction even after adjustment in model 3 (β=0.55, CI= -0.99, 2.09, P=0.48). Although marginal positive significant interaction was found between EDII and CAV1 genotypes on Galectin 3 after adjustment in model 3 (β=31.35, CI=0.13, 77.13, P= 0.05).Conclusions: A positive interaction between EDII and CAV1 genotypes on leptin and Galectin3, while no interaction was found on leptin resistance
Systemic inflammation score as a preoperative prognostic factor for patients with pT2-T4 resectable gastric cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Matsumoto Takuro , Ohki Shinji , Yamada Leo , Tada Takeshi , Hanayama Hiroyuki , Watanabe Yohei , Hayase Suguru , Okayama Hirokazu , Sakamoto Wataru , Momma Tomoyuki , Saze Zenichiro , Kono Koji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSystemic inflammation has been reported to be associated with cancer progression and metastasis. Systemic inflammation score (SIS), calculated from preoperative serum albumin level and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, has been shown to be a novel prognostic factor for several types of tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the SIS in patients with pT2-4 resectable gastric cancer (GC).MethodsTotal 97 patients with pT2-4 GC who underwent curative surgery between 2009 and 2015 in Fukushima Medical University Hospital were included. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to evaluate the usefulness of preoperative SIS and other prognostic factors for relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsThe higher SIS score was associated with undifferentiated cancer and recurrence. Univariate analysis of RFS identified deeper tumor invasion and higher SIS were significant risk factors and multivariate analysis revealed that both of them were independent prognostic factors for RFS. As for OS, age, tumor invasion, SIS and LNR were significantly correlated with RFS. In multivariate analysis, tumor invasion, SIS and LNR were independent prognostic factors for OS.ConclusionsSIS was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS in pT2-4 resectable gastric cancer patients who underwent curative gastrectomy.
Dabigatran increases thrombin generation by inhibiting protein S and FVa degradation
Authors: Zhang Chi , Li Mianxia , Chen Weixiang , Zhang Yue , Jiang Bin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Low dose of dabigatran paradoxically increased thrombin generation (TG) through inhibition of protein C (PC) activation. Protein S (PS) is a co-factor in the activation of PC. However, the role of PS in the enhancement of TG has not been addressed. Methods: Firstly, we measured TG by calibrated automated thrombinography (CAT) and prothrombin fragments 1+2 (F1+2) assays. Secondly, we assessed the coagulation and anticoagulation factors activity in normal plasma spiking with dabigatran. Then, free PS and PC activation were measured. Finally, heavy chain of FVa and its degradation products were detected by WB. Results: CAT assay showed that 70-141ng/mL dabigatran paradoxically increased TG in normal plasma. However, dabigatran suppressed TG in a concentration-dependent manner. F1+2 assay showed the similar results. ELISA assay was not affected by clot methods. Interestingly, results from ELISA showed that dabigatran (2-566ng/mL) suppressed free PS level in normal plasma. Combined with WB results, dabigatran inhibited PS and subsequently suppressed FVa degradation. Conclusions: PS participated in the paradoxical enhancement of TG in normal plasma spiking with low concentrations of dabigatran.
PEGylated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanocrystal as MRI T 1 -T 2 Dual- Modal Contrast Agent for Rat Liver Fibrosis Stage
Authors: Lu Fulin , Du Liang , Chen Wei , Jiang Hai , Yang Chenwu , Pu Yu , Wu Jun , Zhu Jiang , Chen Tianwu , Zhang Xiaoming , Wu Changqiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The development of an effective method for staging liver fibrosis has always been a hot topic of research in the field of liver fibrosis diagnosis and therapy. T1-T2 dual-modal contrast-enhanced MRI can provide complementary information with fault-free and self-confirm, and could be more objective and reliable for allowing quantitative evaluation of the liver parenchyma varieties at the progression of liver fibrosis.
Results
This study developed PEGylated small size superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystal (SPIO@PEG) for rat liver fibrosis magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis and staging as a T1-T2 dual-mode MRI contrast agent. SPIO@PEG was proved to have satisfactory biosafety and T1-T2 dual-mode contrast effect under a 3.0 T MR scanner. In the following MR imaging of liver fibrosis rats in vivo, conventional T1 and T2 weighted imaging, T1 and T2 mapping of liver per- and post-intravenous administration of SPIO@PEG were systematically collected and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the combination of reduction rate of T1 value (ΔT1%) and T2 value (ΔT2%) could diagnose and distinguish the different stages of liver fibrosis. Furthermore, we creatively designed to fuse the T1 and T2 mapping images by Matrix laboratory (MATLAB) and quantitively measured each rat’s hepatic fibrosis positive pixel ratio (PPR). The results demonstrated that SPIO@PEG contrast-enhanced PPR could be used as a non-invasive biomarker to diagnose and discriminate the severity stages of biliary liver fibrosis.
Conclusion
The combination of T1-T2 dual-modal contrast agent SPIO@PEG and MATLAB-based image fusion technology could be a promising method for diagnosing and staging liver fibrosis in the rat model.
Association between serum hCG level and persistent trophoblasts after laparoscopic surgery for tubal ectopic pregnancy: A retrospective study.
Authors: Honda Michiko , Isono Wataru , Tsuchiya Akira , Okamura Asuka , Saito Ako , Tsuchiya Hiroko , Matsuyama Reiko , Fujimoto Akihisa , Nishii Osamu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic salpingostomy to treat tubal ectopic pregnancy (TEP) is increasing due to patient preference for subsequent spontaneous pregnancy. However, the incidence of persistent trophoblasts (PT) ranges from 5–29%, though PT rarely occurs after laparoscopic salpingectomy. For this reason, the selection of laparoscopic salpingostomy should be performed carefully. Here, we aimed to identify the risk factors for PT, focusing on serum hCG levels.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 128 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgeries for TEP from 2015/1/1 to 2021/12/31, including 62 with laparoscopic salpingostomy and 66 with laparoscopic salpingectomy. Among these cases, we identified 13 with PT detected during the postoperative follow-up period. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the influence of each representative factor, especially serum hCG levels, on the occurrence of PT. We first performed this analysis for 62 cases with laparoscopic salpingostomy and then for all 128 cases. Additionally, we focused on the reduction rates of serum hCG levels after surgery. Based on the scatter plot of the association between the reduction rates and elapsed time after surgery, we tried to create linear regression lines for estimating the appropriate postoperative follow-up period.Results: In the multivariate analyses of the 62 cases with laparoscopic salpingostomy, “high hCG”, including serum hCG levels of over 2000 and 4000 mIU/mL, showed significance. These results were also detected in the analysis of all 128 cases. Next, we obtained the regression lines based on the scatter plots of the association between reduction rates of serum hCG levels and elapsed time after surgery. By referring to the slopes of the regression lines, we could predict 37 and 30 days as necessary for serum hCG levels to be reduced to one-thousandth in the cases with laparoscopic salpingostomy and salpingectomy.Conclusions: Our evaluation of the association between serum hCG level and PT allows us to provide the selection criteria, namely, serum hCG level over 2000 and 4000 mIU/mL, for laparoscopic salpingostomy. Additionally, our analysis of the association between the reduction rates of serum hCG levels and the elapsed time after surgery allows us to predict the appropriate length for the postoperative follow-up period.
DPCL: Constrative Representation Learning with Differential Privacy
Authors: Li Wenjun , Yan Anli , Wu Di , Zhu Taoyu , Huang Teng , Luo Xuandi , Wang Shaowei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With the proliferation of unlabeled data, increasing efforts have been devoted to unsupervised learning. As one of the most representative branches of unsupervised learning, contrastive learning has made great progress with its high efficiency. Unfortunately, privacy threats on con-trastive learning have become sophisticated, making it imperative to develop effective technologies that are able to deal with such threats. To alleviate the privacy issue in contrastive learning, we propose some novel techniques based on differential privacy, which aim at reducing the high sensitivity of gradient in the private training caused by interactive contrastive learning. Specifically, we add differentially private protection to the connection point related to different per-example gradients, which decreases the sensitivity of the gradients significantly. Our experiments on SimCLR and Barlow Twins demonstrate the superiority of our approach with higher accuracy under the same privacy protection.
Seasonal and spatial variability of PM2.5 concentration, and associated metal(loid) content in the Toluca Valley, Mexico.
Authors: Barbosa-Sánchez Ana , Márquez-Herrera Ciro , Sosa-Echeverria Rodolfo , Díaz-Godoy Raul , Gutiérrez-Castillo Maria E. , Rule Ana , Sierra-Vargas Martha P. , Aztatzi-Aguilar Octavio Gamaliel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Toluca Valley Metropolitan Area (TVMA) is the fifth largest urban center in Mexico, located at high altitude, 2660 meters above sea level (m.a.s.l.) surrounded by mountain ranges. It is composed of heterogenous residential and industrial areas with dense vehicular traffic. This combination of geography and urbanization create a metropolitan area with high levels of air pollutants. The objective of this study was to provide evidence of the seasonal and spatial variation of metal(lloid)s in particulate matter minor to 2.5 microns (PM2.5) in Toluca Valley. Four sites were sampled between 2013-2014, that include urban and industrial areas, in the dry-cold (November-February) and hot-dry (March-May) season; PM2.5 were collected using high and medium volume samplers. Metal and metalloids concentrations in PM2.5 were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Our results show the highest 24-hour PM2.5 concentration in the northern area, followed by the southern industrial area, and the lowest concentrations was observed in the southwest area independent of the season. Metals and metalloids with a recovery percentage above 80% were Cobalt (Co), Chrome (Cr), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), and Antimony (Sb). The maximum concentrations of them were observed during the dry-cold season, in the urban-industrial sites found in the north and southern areas. Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Sb concentrations were up to one hundred or thousand folded in the dry-cold season compared to dry-hot season due to weather and geographical features of TVMA. The 24-hour PM2.5 and metal(lloid)s concentrations exceed national and international guidelines to protect population health.
RNA Sequencing and Bioinformatics Analysis of CircRNAs in Asphyxial Newborns with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Zhou Xiao-guang , pan Jing-jing , yang yang , chen xiao-qing , shao jie , wang lei , Tong Mei-ling 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: As one kind of novel non-coding RNA with high stability and conservatism, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in different biological processes. Although growing evidence has supported the important role of circRNAs in renal diseases, the specific mechanism still remains unknown in neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods: High throughput sequencing analysis was applied to investigate the expression patterns of circRNAs in the comparison between hypoxia induced AKI neonates and controls. Then, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict the function of differentially expressed circRNAs and construct the network of circRNA-miRNA interaction. Finally, the differentially expressed circRNAs were further screened and determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: (1) We identified 296 differentially expressed circRNAs (circRNAs with Fold change > 2 and P value < 0.05). Of them, 184 circRNAs were markedly up-regulated and 112 were significantly down-regulated in the AKI group. (2) Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the parental genes of the differentially expressed circRNAs were predominantly implicated in the cell and cell part, cellular process and cancer pathways. (3) Top five up-regulated and down-regulated circRNAs with higher fold change were selected for qPCR validation. hsa_circ_0008898, hsa_circ_0005519 were found significantly up-regulated and hsa_circ_0132279, hsa_circ_0017647, hsa_circ_0112327 were down-regulated in neonate with asphyxia-induced AKI group compared to control group. Conclusion: This study could contribute to future research of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of neonatal AKI and facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets of circRNAs.
Neuroadaptive Fixed-time Command Filtered Control for Nonstrict-feedback Nonlinear Systems under Event-triggered Mechanism
Authors: Sun Wei , Wu Jing , Su Shun-Feng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper is concerned with establishing an adaptive fixed-time control strategy for nonstrict-feedback nonlinear systems with event-triggered mechanism, which makes sure that the upper bound of the convergence time can be known in advance and is independent of the initial states. Firstly, the piecewise functions and the command filtered technique are separately utilized to avoid the emergence of singularity problem and computational complexity problem. Secondly, neural networks are not only exploited to approximate unknown nonlinear functions and further deal with nonstrict-feedback structures but also assisted in achieving fixed-time stability with the application of command filter. Then, the construction of event-triggered control signal by applying relative threshold strategy is effectual means of saving communication resources, and the design of an estimator that identifies the adaptive parameter can effectively dodge the occurrence of over-parametrization. Furthermore, the proposed control algorithm enables that: (1) the tracking error converges near the origin in a fixed time; (2) all signals of the closed-loop system remain bounded; (3) Zeno behavior will not occur. Finally, the validity of the proposed control strategy is verified via a practical example of the electromechanical system and a comparative simulation.
Coral co-culture alters bacterial community structure by altering rare bacterial species
Authors: Ide Keigo , Nakano Yoshikatsu , Ito Michihiro , Nishikawa Yohei , Fujimura Hiroyuki , Takeyama Haruko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Coral symbionts are important members of the coral holobiont, and the coral bacterial flora is essential in host health maintenance and coral conservation. Coral symbionts are affected by various environmental factors, such as seawater temperature, pH, and salinity. However, the effect of communication between different coral species and water flow against coral bacterial flora on its community structure is not well understood. In this study, we designed an artificial rearing environment to examine the impact of environmental and biological factors on Acropora tenuis, one of the major coral species in Okinawa, and Montipora digitata, from their co-culture. We intervened with the water flow to reveal that the movement of the rearing environment alters the bacterial flora of A. tenuis. During the bacterial community reconstruction, the alpha diversity of the coral microbiota increased, suggesting the establishment of rare bacteria from the ocean. No differences in the bacterial composition between the control and water flow groups were observed under the rearing conditions. However, the structure of the bacterial flora was significantly different in the co-culture group. Comparison among each bacterial community succession strongly suggest that the difference was due to the suppressed transmission of bacteria from the ocean in the co-culture group. These results contribute to the understanding of communication between corals and shed light on the importance of regional differences and bacterial composition of coral flora.
Exploring Association between Food Law and Double Burden of Malnutrition: A case study of Afghanistan
Authors: Zubair Abdullah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Theoretical framework: For all forms of malnutrition with their related diseases a unique term of double burden of malnutrition is used (DBM). DBM is the greatest risk for all globe which has both social and economic costs.Objective: To investigate impacts of food law on DBM in Afghanistan.Model/methodology: We introduce new model under PLS-SEM in which we employ Smart PLS 3.2.9 software package for statistical analysis.Data: Through, purposive sampling we have online interviews with 400 residents of Afghanistan.Findings: Our study findings indicate that all forms of food law have significant impact to protect population form DBM. Similarly, balanced diet has significant role to control DBM.Policy implications: Our investigations suggest that government should adopt objective food law to control all harms from supply/production side of food.Practical implications: This research will help government to reshape their food law and will encourage people to have balanced diet regime.
Exploring the cognitions of Iranian university TEFL teachers and students of the efficacy of online assessment practices in the wake of Covid 19
Authors: Rajabi Yusef , Farahian Majid , Gholami Hamid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As a deadly pandemic, COVID 19 has not only presented public health challenges, it has also disrupted education all over the world. To prevent the spread of the virus, like many other countries, the Iranian universities were closed and converted their system into distance education. Since the educational centers have already delivered two years of on-line education, there is a need to address the quality of online assessment as part of the attempt to gauge the accountability of online pedagogical practices. Thus the current study aimed to explore the perceptions of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) university teachers and students on the implementation of online assessment (OLA) during the pandemic. As such, 212 Teaching English as a Foreign Language teachers and 325 postgraduate students completed the Teachers’ Views Towards Implementing Online Assessment Survey developed by the researchers. The findings of the current study suggest that on the whole, both Iranian EFL teachers and students favor the web-based form of assessment. In addition, there were similarities in perceptions of the teachers and students regarding familiarity with OLA and its feasibility, OLA contribution in improving learning and feedback processes, the worth and value of implementing OLA. However, the findings also highlighted differences in the inadequacies of OLA.