bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of the effects of a sidewall and cable arrangement on a horizontal cable tray fire in an open atmosphere
Authors: Pretrel Hugues , Zavaleta Pascal , Suard Sylvain 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe work deals with the influence of a sidewall and cable arrangement on the behavior of a fire involving horizontal cable trays in the framework of fire safety assessments in nuclear installations. The analysis is based on large‐scale fire tests performed in the open atmosphere in the frame of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) PRISME 3 project and on the corresponding simulations applying the FLASHCAT model for predicting the fire heat release rate. The fire configuration consists of five horizontal trays filled with PVC‐insulated power cables. The parameters investigated are the presence or absence of a sidewall and the cable arrangement (loose or tight bundles). The results show that the presence of a sidewall increases the fire HRR in comparison to a scenario without a sidewall. This effect is due to the increase of the flame spread velocity on the lower trays. Regarding cable arrangement, a tight configuration in bundles reduces the fire HRR in comparison to a scenario with a loose arrangement. This result is due to the reduction of the fire heat release rate per unit of area (HRRPUA) as well as the flame spread velocity. The performance of the FLASHCAT model in predicting the effects of the sidewall and the cable arrangement was also assessed on the basis of the fire tests and satisfactory agreements are reported. The presented analysis demonstrates that the fire scenario with horizontal cable trays against a sidewall and with a loose cable arrangement represents a conservative scenario for fire risk assessment. In addition, on the basis of these experiments, the effect of cable arrangement is more substantial than the sidewall effect.
Risk‐neutral moments and return predictability: International evidence
Authors: Zhang Junyu , Ruan Xinfeng , Zhang Jin E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper documents risk‐neutral moments of returns on 29 country‐/region‐specific ETFs to provide international uncertainty proxies for as many locations as possible. Our evidence shows these ETFs can generally reflect idiosyncratic information from international markets, but the predictive abilities of risk‐neutral moments are heterogeneous among them. The evidence from panel prediction shows that the risk‐neutral standard deviation (
) can positively predict, but skewness (
) and excess kurtosis (
) negatively predict, the future excess returns in time‐series analysis. Moreover, results from the post‐ranking performance show that the ETFs with low
on average earn an extra 4.55% annualized monthly excess return, compared with those with high
.
Uncertainties and disagreements in expectations of professional forecasters: Evidence from an inflation targeting developing country
Authors: Montes Gabriel Caldas , Marcelino Igor Mendes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates whether news‐based measures of economic uncertainty affect professional forecasters' disagreement about economic variables and economic policy instruments in Brazil. With the use of an “Economic Policy Uncertainty” index and a “Media Uncertainty” index to construct an index of economic uncertainty unrelated to policy, we study the effects of economic policy uncertainty and policy‐unrelated economic uncertainty on professional forecasters' disagreement. With the use of data from January 2002 to January 2021, we find that disagreements in expectations increase with both higher economic policy uncertainty and higher policy‐unrelated economic uncertainty. An exception is disagreement about future inflation, corroborating the importance inflation targeting for anchoring inflation expectations. We further show that economic policy uncertainty affects disagreement about Brazilian fiscal policy, whereas it does not affect disagreement about Brazilian monetary policy.
Variation of Female Pronucleus Reveals Oocyte or Embryo Chromosomal Copy Number Variations
Authors: Yang Jingwei , Wang Yikang , Li Chong , Han Wei , Liu Weiwei , Xiong Shun , Zhang Qi , Tong Keya , Huang Guoning , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe characteristics of the human pronuclei (PNs), which exist 16–22 h after fertilization, appear to serve as good indicators to evaluate the quality of human oocyte and embryo, and may reflect the status of female and male chromosome composition. Here, a quantitative PN measurement method that is generated by applying expert experience combined with deep learning from large annotated datasets is reported. After mathematic reconstruction of PNs, significant differences are obtained in chromosome‐normal rate and chromosomal small errors such as copy number variants by comparing the size of the reconstructive female PN. After integrating the whole procedure of PN dynamics and adjusting for errors that occur during PN identification, the results are robust. Notably, all positive prediction results are obtained from the female propositus population. Thus, the size of female PNs may mirror the internal quality of the chromosomal integrity of the oocyte. Embryos that develop from zygotes with larger female PNs may have a reduced risk of copy number variations.
Simulation study of chemo‐mechanical impacts of CO2injection in morrow b sandstone reservoir
Authors: Adu‐Gyamfi Benjamin , Ampomah William , Tu Jiawei , Sun Qian , Erzuah Samuel , Sarkodie‐Kyeremeh Justice 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the impacts of geomechanical and geochemical changes on carbon storage in a partially depleted oil reservoir, using results from four different coupled simulation models. Models were used to examine the relative importance of storage mechanisms, and how changing reservoir parameters might affect these mechanisms through time. The study uses data from a Morrowan sandstone reservoir in the Farnsworth Unit (FWU), Ochiltree County, Texas which is currently undergoing CO2enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Partially depleted oil reservoirs such as the FWU offer attractive carbon utilization and/or storage targets because of existing infrastructure and economic benefits from incremental oil recovery as well as tax credits. However, prediction of storage capacity or long‐term fluid migration in these fields can be difficult because of the wide variation in formation fluids and operational histories that may have undergone. CO2injection can cause complex geomechanical and geochemical responses in a reservoir as a result of interplay between dynamic changes in pore pressure, reservoir temperature, fluid composition, and interactions between formation fluids, CO2, and reservoir rock. Thus, multiple coupled numerical simulation models must be developed and used to more precisely understand what CO2storage mechanisms are most significant, as well as the long‐term fate of the stored CO2. Our study used results from hydrodynamic, coupled hydro‐geomechanical, coupled hydro‐geochemical, and coupled hydro‐geomechanical‐geochemical models to examine how changes in geomechanical and geochemical properties can impact the injectivity or storage capacity of CO2. Models simulated historical field operations and then forward‐modeled a water‐alternate‐gas (WAG) operation for 20 years, followed by a 1000‐year post‐injection monitoring. The work demonstrates that in this specific reservoir, geomechanical impacts appear to be more significant than any geochemical processes, which showed minimal impact on reservoir properties. Furthermore, these simulation scenarios corroborated other studies showing more than 90% of CO2injected are being stored and will remain stored in the reservoir. The study was able to draw on a rich set of data from this currently operational project for the work. Because the Morrow is a widespread oil‐bearing reservoir in the midcontinent of the United States and is fairly typical of many sandstone reservoirs elsewhere, the study has significance beyond the boundaries of our field area. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coordination‐behavior patterns of control crews in digital nuclear power plants during emergencies from a network perspective: An exploratory study
Authors: Zhang Junxiu , Wang Dunxing , Gao Qin , Li Zhizhong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the coordination‐behavior patterns of control crews in digital nuclear power plants (NPPs) during emergencies from a network perspective. We observed and coded 12 coordination processes (each from one crew) of handling simulated emergencies on a full‐scope dynamic simulator in Tianwan NPP of China. By calculating the proportion of coordination breakdowns and referring to the subjective evaluation of instructors, these control crews (all male) were classified into two performance levels (high and low). To compare the coordination‐behavior patterns between high‐ and low‐performing crews, we conducted social network analysis based on the number and direction of coordination behaviors. By examining intracrew relations in team coordination, this study indicated that high‐performing crews exhibited higher cohesion and more balanced behavioral patterns in team coordination than low‐performing ones. By investigating coordination‐behavior patterns from the hierarchical structure of relations in the team, this study revealed that high‐performing crews exhibited higher degree of team autonomy and self‐management among junior operators, as well as reactor operator (RO)‐centered pattern, whereas the low‐performing crews exhibited senior reactor operator‐centered pattern. For researchers, the results advance the understanding of the team coordination mechanism in NPP control rooms during emergencies and enrich team coordination theory in process control industries from the network perspective. In practice, this study suggested that the team coordination training of NPP control crews might be centered around junior operators (especially RO), with focuses on facilitating information sharing and mutual assistance between junior operators and enhancing the awareness of active cooperation of crew members. The results of the study provide nuclear instructors with practical reference to team coordination training and processes optimization.
5‐Sulfurated Imidazo[1,5‐a]Pyridin‐3‐ylidenes: Ligands for π‐Acidic Catalysts
Authors: Sonoda Takuya , Kanamori Masaya , Endo Koki , Miwa Kazuki , Kurumada Satoshi , Suzuki Katsunori , Yamashita Makoto , Shibahara Fumitoshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA series of 5‐sulfurated imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridin‐3‐ylidenes (Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine carbenes: IPCs) and their Cu and Pd complexes were synthesized. Theoretical investigations of the free carbenes and Cu complexes implied that the IPCs were good π‐acceptors. Particularly, Cu complexes of 5‐arylsulfonyl IPC were strong π‐acids. These complexes were tested as π‐acidic catalysts in the Cu‐catalyzed hydroboration of an internal alkyne with diboron and the Mizoroki‐Heck reaction. As a result, the trend in reactivity corresponded with the theoretical considerations.
Artificial intelligence to understand fluctuation of fetal brain activity by recognizing facial expressions
Authors: Miyagi Yasunari , Hata Toshiyuki , Bouno Saori , Koyanagi Aya , Miyake Takahito 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether artificial intelligence can achieve discoveries regarding fetal brain activity.MethodsIn this observational study, the authors collected images of fetal faces using a four‐dimensional ultrasound technique obtained from singleton pregnancies of outpatients in routine practice at 27 to 37 weeks of gestation between February 1 and December 31, 2021. The authors developed an artificial intelligence classifier to recognize seven facial expressions of fetuses, then applied it to video files of fetal facial images to generate the probabilities, as confidence scores, of each expression category. Discrete Fourier transform and chaotic analysis were used to investigate the scores. Mann–Whitney test, t test, variance test, and one‐way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis.ResultsFacial expression changes were observed in cycles averaging 66 to 73 s. The power spectrum showed that mouthing and neutral expressions were the most prevalent. There was a difference between categories for the spectrum (p = 0.004). Two different states––dense and sparse––of confidence scores were discovered. The correlation dimension was 1.19 ± 0.22 and 1.33 ± 0.27 for dense and sparse, respectively (p = 0.047).ConclusionThis method objectively and quantitatively demonstrated fetal brain activity and may provide insight into how the fetus spends its time in utero.
A new era: Speckle tracking echocardiography and cardiomyopathies
Authors: Aksu Uğur , Uzun Mehmet Hakan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLimb‐girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a heterogeneous inherited disorder affecting the skeletal muscle and frequently also involve the heart and in LGMD; development of dilated cardiomyopathy is common and usually the predominant feature. Arrhythmias and conduction disease can be associated with the development of cardiomyopathy.
In‐person and virtual assessment of oral radiology skills and competences by the Objective Structured Clinical Examination
Authors: Porto Fernanda R. , Ribeiro Mateus A. , Ferreira Luciano A. , Oliveira Rodrigo G. , Devito Karina L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeClinical education is an essential part of the Dental School curriculum and assessment is a fundamental component of the teaching‐learning process.ObjectivesWith the purpose of implementing a structured and objective assessment method in the teaching of Oral Radiology, undergraduate dentistry students were submitted to an assessment of clinical competences and skills in radiology by the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), applied both in‐person and virtually (VOSCE).MethodsThe same group of students was evaluated by the OSCE and VOSCE in six‐station circuits that involved the assessment of clinical skills in Oral Radiology. For each station, an individual evaluative checklist (per station) was prepared and the participants’ general scores were obtained. The students’ anxiety level was also assessed before and after the exams and a meta‐evaluation was performed to indicate the participants' perception of the assessment methods.ResultsThe OSCE (0.61) and VOSCE (0.81) reliability values were considered substantial and almost perfect, respectively. The students evaluated showed a better performance in the OSCE (p ≤ 0.05). Anxiety levels were considered moderate in both assessments and showed no difference between the two exams. The meta‐evaluation showed a positive evaluation for the items “time of execution”, “clarity”, “degree of difficulty” and “importance for clinical practice”, both for the OSCE and the VOSCE.ConclusionsThe OSCE was effective for evaluating clinical competencies and skills in Oral Radiology, both in face‐to‐face and virtual examinations, but with a limitation in the online method for evaluating technical skills.
Left behind on the path to 90‐90‐90: understanding and responding to HIV among displaced people
Authors: Vasylyeva Tetyana I. , Horyniak Danielle's , Bojorquez Ietza , Pham Minh Duc 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn 2021, the number of people affected by displacement worldwide reached the highest on record, with an estimated 30.5 million refugees and 4.6 million asylum seekers seeking safety across international borders and further 53.2 million people displaced within their countries of origin. Most forcibly displaced persons come from or relocate to lower‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) and many of those countries have large HIV epidemics. In this commentary, we describe some of the challenges at the intersection of HIV and displacement vulnerabilities that cannot be easily addressed in resource‐limited environments.DiscussionHIV transmission and prevention and treatment efforts in the context of displacement are affected by myriad behavioural, social and structural factors across different stages of the displacement journey. For example, structural barriers faced by people experiencing displacement in relation to HIV prevention and care include funding constraints and legal framework deficiencies. Such barriers prevent all forced migrants, and particularly those whose sexual identities or practices are stigmatized against, access to prevention and care equal to local residents. Xenophobia, racism and other social factors, as well as individual risky behaviours facilitated by experiences of forced migration, also affect the progress towards 90‐90‐90 targets in displaced populations. Current evidence suggests increased HIV vulnerability in the period before displacement due to the effect of displacement drivers on medical supplies and infrastructure. During and after displacement, substantial barriers to HIV testing exist, though following resettlement in stable displacement context, HIV incidence and viral suppression are reported to be similar to those of local populations.ConclusionsExperiences of often‐marginalized displaced populations are diverse and depend on the context of displacement, countries of origin and resettlement, and the nature of the crises that forced these populations to move. To address current gaps in responses to HIV in displacement contexts, research in LMIC, particularly in less stable resettlement settings, needs to be scaled up. Furthermore, displaced populations need to be specifically addressed in national AIDS strategies and HIV surveillance systems. Finally, innovative technologies, such as point‐of‐care viral load and CD4 testing, need to be developed and introduced in settings facing displacement.
Pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma associated with Niemann–Pick disease type C: Case report and literature review
Authors: Hwang Soojin , Choi Yunha , Lee Beom Hee , Choi Jin‐Ho , Kim Ja Hye , Yoo Han‐Wook 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNiemann–Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare, autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disease, resulting from mutations in the cholesterol trafficking proteins NPC1 or NPC2, which is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and hepatic dysfunction. The hepatic involvement in NPC is usually neonatal cholestasis and hepatosplenomegaly. Only a few cases of severe hepatic complications were reported including acute liver failure, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We described the case of a 6‐year‐old male with NPC with HCC. He had a history of neonatal cholestasis and motor delay. At the age of 6 months, he was diagnosed with NPC, which was confirmed by the detection of a compound heterozygous NPC1 mutation (p.C113Y/p.A927V). He presented recurrent hypoglycemia and abdominal distension. An ultrasound, computed tomography scan, and biopsy revealed that he had a stage IV HCC with pulmonary metastasis. With the literature review and this case, HCC can be a rare fatal comorbid condition in patients with NPC, particularly infantile‐onset, male patients with a relatively long disease history, necessitating appropriate HCC surveillance.
Molecular characterization of recombinant premembrane protein of dengue virus serotype‐2 for development of diagnostic assay
Authors: Munir Rakhtasha , Rafique Shazia , Ali Amjad , Amin Iram , Ahmed Sameen , Vajeeha Ayesha , Shahid Muhammad , Samiullah Tahir R. , Idrees Muhammad , Tao Yizhi J. , Khan Muhammad U. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDengue is an acute arboviral infection common in tropical and subtropical countries. Dengue has been highlighted as a public health concern in the last five decades, affecting almost 50% of the population in developing nations. Dengue infection results in a complex symptomatic disease that ranges from headache, fever, and skin rash to extreme hemorrhage fever and liver dysfunction. The diagnosis of the disease is essential for effective treatment. The early onset of the infection can be detected through viral structural peptides that act as markers for detection, including Pre‐Membrane (Pre‐M) protein. In the currently proposed research, the structural gene obtained from local isolates was targeted for studies. For this purpose, recombinant structural protein Pre‐M was amplified, cloned, and expressed in the bacterial expression system. The expression of the structural protein (Pre‐M) was scrutinized by Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate‐Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and validated by western blot and dot blot, and afterwards, the antigen was purified. The purified Pre‐M protein carries the potential for the development of in‐house diagnostic assay as well as for vaccine production. This study aimed to develop a highly specific, sensitive, and cost‐effective in‐house enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies of Pakistani most prevalent dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV‐2). The success of this research would also pave the way toward developing novel vaccines for the future prevention of dengue infection.
Spectroscopic characterisation of Naples yellow variations in paintings from the turn of the 20th century
Authors: Antušková Václava , Šefců Radka , Šulcová Petra , Dohnalová Žaneta , Luxová Jana , Bajeux Kmoníčková Martina , Turková Ivana , Kotrlý Marek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe research presented in this study aimed to document the variability of synthetic lead antimonate pigments known as Naples yellow in selected artworks by Czech landscape painters from the turn of the 20th century. Spectra obtained through Raman spectroscopy show considerable difference in the position of main band maximum (from 110 to 145 cm−1) characteristic of cubic pyrochlore structure Pb2Sb2O7—the major phase of the Naples yellow pigment. In several samples, hexagonal PbSb2O6 with main band at 655 cm−1 was identified as a dominant phase, a finding that is somewhat surprising because PbSb2O6 has been generally considered a minor admixture to cubic Pb2Sb2O7. Reference pigment samples were synthesised under known conditions, and their spectra were collected in order to get more comparative material. Also, commercially available Naples yellow pigments were characterised in the same way. We observed considerable differences of the obtained spectra caused by the presence of admixtures and diverse production conditions. The diversity of Naples yellow and the corresponding Raman spectra makes their identification problematic. Presented data thus may serve as a reference material in the identification process.