bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuropathic pain as a trigger for histone modifications in limbic circuitry
Authors: Bryant Svetlana , Balouek Julie‐Anne , Geiger Luke T. , Barker David J. , Peña Catherine J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChronic pain involves both central and peripheral neuronal plasticity that encompasses changes in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nociceptors. Within the forebrain, mesocorticolimbic regions associated with emotional regulation have recently been shown to exhibit lasting gene expression changes in models of chronic pain. To better understand how such enduring transcriptional changes might be regulated within brain structures associated with processing of pain or affect, we examined epigenetic modifications involved with active or permissive transcriptional states (histone H3 lysine 4 mono and trimethylation, and histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation) in periaqueductal gray (PAG), lateral hypothalamus (LH), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) 5 weeks after sciatic nerve injury in mice to model chronic pain. For both male and female mice in chronic pain, we observed an overall trend for a reduction of these epigenetic markers in periaqueductal gray, LH, and NAc, but not VTA. Moreover, we discovered that some epigenetic modifications exhibited changes associated with pain history, while others were associated with individual differences in pain sensitivity. When taken together, these results suggest that nerve injury leads to chronic chromatin‐mediated suppression of transcription in key limbic brain structures and circuits, which may underlie enduring changes in pain processing and sensitivity within these systems.
Arrhythmia in chronic hemodialysis as a function of predialysis electrolytes and interdialytic interval
Authors: Edwards John C. , Mosman Amy , Hauptman Paul J. , Lee Taewoo , Philipneri Marie , Farahmand Firoozeh , Yn Louis , Brandon Margaret , Buchanan Paula M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionPeople with end‐stage renal disease on hemodialysis are at increased risk for death due to arrhythmia associated with the prolonged interdialytic interval that typically spans the weekend, with bradycardia being the arrhythmia most closely associated with sudden death. In this prospective observational study we assessed whether predialysis fluid and electrolytes values including hyperkalemia are risk factors for the arrhythmias associated with the prolonged interdialytic interval.MethodsSixty patients on hemodialysis with a history of hyperkalemia underwent cardiac monitoring for 1 week. Arrhythmia frequency, average QTc interval, and average root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD) per 4‐h period were reported. Predialysis electrolytes and electrocardiograms were collected prior to pre‐ and post‐weekend dialysis sessions. Clinical variables were assessed for correlation with arrhythmias.FindingsPredialysis hyperkalemia occurred in 29 subjects and was more common at the post‐weekend dialysis session. Bradycardia occurred in 11 subjects and increased before and during the post‐weekend dialysis session, but was not correlated with any electrolyte or clinical parameter. Ventricular ectopy occurred in 50 subjects with diurnal variation unrelated to dialysis. Pre‐dialysis prolonged QTc was common and not affected by interdialytic interval. Average QTc increased and rMSSD decreased during dialysis sessions and were not correlated with clinical parameters.DiscussionThe results confirm that arrhythmias are prevalent in dialysis subjects with bradycardia particularly associated with the longer interdialytic interval; EKG markers of arrhythmia risk are increased during dialysis independent of interdialytic interval. Larger sample size and/or longer recording may be necessary to identify the clinical parameters responsible.
A data‐driven optimization approach to plan smart waste collection operations
Authors: de Morais Carolina Soares , Ramos Tânia Rodrigues Pereira , Lopes Manuel , Barbosa‐Póvoa Ana Paula 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWaste collection is an important logistic operation that is often inefficient due to the high uncertainty associated with bin fill levels, resulting either in routes that visit empty bins or in bins overflowing due to lack of routes. To reduce such uncertainty, sensors installed in the bins can provide real‐time information on waste levels. However, this is not enough, and the management of this information needs to be combined with dynamic optimization approaches to effectively design smart collection routes. This paper investigates this challenge and uses real‐time information on waste levels, treated through machine learning techniques, to feed a dynamic reverse inventory routing optimization model. The resulting data‐driven optimization approach allows the definition of a medium‐term collection route plan that can be updated daily as new information becomes available. To demonstrate the applicability of such an approach, a real‐world case is solved, and the results show significant improvements in operational efficiency and service levels.
A spotlight on lymphoedema Did Not Attends: Demographics and workforce costs
Authors: Thomas Melanie Jane , Humphreys Ioan , Noble‐Jones Rhian Wyn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis unique evaluation aimed to estimate, the financial impact of non‐attendance on a nation‐wide hospital lymphoedema service. Along with gaining some understanding of patient characteristics of those who Did Not Attend (DNA) and were subsequently discharged. The evaluation design interrogated existing performance data from 2012 to 2022. This information was used to estimate the costs incurred based on national published sources and pay scales. Staffing costs of over £1.1 m in one decade related to the financial impact of over 23 000 unattended lymphoedema appointments. The characteristics of 870 patients from 2019/2020 were also evaluated suggesting that those with a wound alongside complex lymphoedema were less likely to DNA appointments. Two‐thirds of patients were managing two or more comorbidities—obesity, cardiac conditions and diabetes being the most common. It seems likely that some DNAs are avoidable by adapting appointment administrative processes and greater understanding of patients' perception of value. However, the reasons for DNA are likely to be varied and nuanced so potentially a small proportion are unavoidable. Modernising appointment processes and identifying patient value may help minimise DNA costs in the future.
CEO contractual protection and debt contracting
Authors: Chen Xia , Cheng Qiang , Lo Alvis K. , Wang Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChief Executive Officer (CEO) contractual protection, in the forms of CEO employment agreements and CEO severance pay agreements, is prevalent among S&P 1500 firms. While prior research has examined the impact of these agreements on corporate decisions from shareholders’ perspective, there is little research on the impact from debt holders’ perspective. We find that, compared with other loans, loans issued by firms with CEO contractual protection on average contain more performance covenants and performance‐pricing provisions. This effect increases with CEOs’ risk‐taking incentives and opportunities, but it decreases with CEOs’ preference for and opportunity of enjoying a quiet life. Furthermore, for loans issued by firms with CEO contractual protection, debt holders include stricter covenants, charge a higher interest rate and use a more diffuse syndicate structure. Collectively, these results shed light on the impact of CEO contractual protection on debt contracting.
Merit‐based incentive payment system participation and after‐hours documentation among US office‐based physicians: Findings from the 2021 National Electronic Health Records Survey
Authors: Nguyen Oliver T. , Turner Kea , Parekh Arpan , Alishahi Tabriz Amir , Hanna Karim , Merlo Lisa J. , Hong Young‐Rock 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAfter‐hours documentation burden among US clinicians is often uncompensated work and has been associated with burnout, leading health systems to identify root causes and seek interventions to reduce this. A few studies have suggested quality programme participation (e.g., Merit‐Based Incentive Payment System [MIPS]) was associated with a higher administrative burden. However, the association between MIPS participation and after‐hours documentation has not been fully explored. Thus, this study aims to assess whether participation in the MIPS programme was independently associated with after‐hours documentation burden.MethodsWe used 2021 data from the National Electronic Health Records Survey. We used a multivariable ordinal logistic regression model to assess whether MIPS participation was associated with the amount of after‐hours documentation burden when controlling for other factors. We controlled for physician age, specialty, sex, number of practice locations, number of physicians, practice ownership, whether team support (e.g., scribes) is used for documentation tasks, and whether the practice accepts Medicaid patients.ResultsWe included 1801 office‐based US physician respondents with complete data for variables of interest. After controlling for other factors, MIPS participation was associated with greater odds of spending a greater number of hours on after‐hours documentation (odds ratio = 1.44, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.95).ConclusionsMIPS participation may increase after‐hours documentation burden among US office‐based physicians, suggesting that physicians may require additional resources to more efficiently report data.
Rapid cytologic diagnosis of subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn
Authors: Harview Christina L. , Chen Ailynna , Stone Mary , Fairley Janet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSubcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is a rare self‐limited panniculitis that classically presents within the first few weeks of life. The diagnosis is typically clinical, but some cases require skin biopsy with hematoxylin and eosin stain for confirmation. We report a previously undocumented rapid diagnostic protocol that involves collecting a small amount of exudate from a suppurative lesion, placement onto a slide without fixation, and simply viewing the material under a microscope. This novel and practical method of diagnosis reveals doubly refractile crystals diagnostic of subcutaneous fat necrosis without a biopsy, which may be helpful for rapid diagnosis or use in low resource settings.
Long‐term regional convergence in Mexico: A new look
Authors: German‐Soto Vicente , Gluschenko Konstantin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the convergence hypothesis of Mexican states with the national level and with one another from 1940 to 2015. Interpreting convergence as catching‐up, we also capture other types of regular evolution, namely, invariance of the income gap over time, permanent absence of the gap, and steadily increasing gap (deterministic divergence). As a tool of econometric analysis, we use a novel model that describes convergence by asymptotically decaying trends and covers other types of evolution as particular cases. The results obtained suggest one or other type of regularity to be peculiar to roughly ca. 40% of income gaps both with the national level and between states. However, convergence is observed only in 6% to 15% of cases. Regarding convergence at the national level, an additional analysis by three 50‐year subperiod shows that in many cases the type of evolution changes for the same state from one subperiod to another. Analyzing convergence between states, we find that convergence between neighboring states is more frequent than between other states; however, the effect of the neighborhood is not too strong.
Development of Contacting Solutions for Shape Memory Alloy Wires
Authors: John Benjamin , Pagel Kenny , Langbein Sven , Drossel Welf-Guntram 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) are thermosensitive materials that can change their geometry when a certain temperature is reached. Compared to conventional drives SMA based actuator systems provide many advantages and have already been successfully established on the market in various applications. Nevertheless, the manufacturing-related system integration of SMA actuators, especially for electrically activated wire actuators, is still a challenge. There are a variety of techniques to establish a connection between an SMA wire and its system environment. However, most of these solutions are not suitable for mass production. In any known industrialized application, only crimp or splice connectors are currently used.
This paper provides an overview of the crimp connectors already on the market. These were discussed with regard to their suitability for possible applications. Since precise information on manufacturing parameters or performance characteristics is usually not available, various influences on the mechanical and electrical functionality of the connection and on the thermal and cyclic properties of the system were analyzed and discussed.
Different approaches to create a reliable connection were investigated. This ranges from connectors based solely on frictional closure, to more complex approaches, that realize both frictional and form closure as well as material-fit connection. Pull-out tests were carried out to check the connection strength and thus to evaluate the concepts. The determined preferred variant was then tested for cyclic strength. In subsequent fatigue tests, the preferred variant was shown to have a cycle strength of over 2500 cycles at 400 MPa (50 N). The results provide a basis for future results to further increase the current level of technological maturity and enable broader application.
Supplemental Material: Subsurface heat and salts cause exceptionally limited methane hydrate stability in the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Camerlenghi Angelo , al. et 
Published: November 2022

<p>Data and methods, Figure S1, Tables S1 and S2, and Plates S1 and S2 (the graphical results of modeling of DSDP and ODP boreholes, displayed with lithostratigraphy). </p>
Supplemental Material: 100 k.y. pacing of the East Asian summer monsoon over the past five glacial cycles inferred from land snails
Authors: Bao Rui , Sheng Xuefen , al. et 
Published: November 2022

<p>A summary of previous studies on the climatic significance of shell δ13C proxy; details of sample measurements and chronology; and the isotopic fluctuations among species and individuals within a single sample unit. </p>
In the Absence of a Tribunal, Can UN Investigative Mechanisms Ensure Justice for Victims of Rape as a Weapon of War?
Authors: Jennings Helen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article explores the evolution of UN fact-finding mechanisms as a method of pursuing legal accountability for violations of international criminal and human rights law, specifically sexual and gender-based violence and violations of sexual and reproductive health rights in conflict situations. The article argues that, in order to effectively contribute to the task of securing individual accountability for violations of international criminal law, while also pursuing political accountability for mass abuse of human rights, the UN system of fact-finding mechanisms must be reformed. The mandates of Commissions of Inquiry must be stripped back to their core function of investigating human rights abuse, while Novel Investigative Mechanisms take over the individual criminal responsibility mandate. Until both these functions are given separate and adequate attention by properly resourced fact-finding mechanisms, victims of abuse such as sexual and gender-based violence and violation of sexual and reproductive health rights in countries without recourse to international courts will be denied justice and recognition through UN channels.
Litigating Economic Sanctions
Authors: Ventouratou Anna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the legality of unilateral economic sanctions that consist in the non-performance of obligations in the field of economic relations under relevant applicable treaties, and on the role that international adjudicative bodies can play in drawing a line between legal and illegal economic sanctions. It revisits the scarce relevant litigation before the ICJ and the WTO, pinpointing the grey areas in the law applicable to economic sanctions, on which further clarification is needed. The article argues that international adjudication can play a crucial role in such process of clarification, not only by elucidating the relevant legal regime, but also by triggering State reactions, which in turn can prompt legal developments in this area. Once the “rule-ness” of the relevant legal regime is firmly established, the need for court “supervision” will decrease, thus making it possible to envisage a fair system of international law enforcement without international courts.
Recourse to International Courts and Tribunals in the 2017–2021 Gulf Dispute
Authors: Gaver Craig 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
One of the broadest international disputes in recent years is the perfect case to test Judge Yusuf’s assertion that “there can be no rule of law without a court to apply it.” From 2017 to 2021, Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (the “Quartet”), on one hand, and Qatar, on the other, were engaged in a standoff, severing nearly all diplomatic and economic relations and lodging a number of legal challenges in various fora. These proceedings collectively touched on treaty interpretation, State responsibility, countermeasures and non-coercive sanctions, human rights, investment and trade, aviation law, and still other legal issues. By comparing the jurisdiction, reasoning, and dispositions of the different modalities of dispute resolution, this article demonstrates that international courts were neither sufficient nor necessary for resolving the macro dispute among the parties, particularly in light of non-judicial alternative proceedings. It illustrates, with respect to Judge Yusuf, that non- judicial dispute resolution fora are just as important as international courts for upholding the international rule of law.
A Puzzle in a Paintbox: A Painter’s Solution to Ferdinand Bauer’s Colour Code for the Flora and Fauna Graeca 1786–1794
Authors: Jelley Jane 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The numeric colour codes used by the natural history painter Ferdinand Bauer (1760–1826) have remained resistant to interpretation. However, a practical approach, and an appreciation of historical painting methods and materials, have led to a solution to the code he devised for the Flora and Fauna Graeca. It is suggested that Bauer related the process of viewing, identifying, and conceptualising qualities of colours to the intrinsic properties of his pigments, and their sequence in his paintbox; also that his codes provided directions as to their moderation and mode of use. This study proposes that rather than being a mechanical reference system, Bauer’s code was a flexible mnemonic, reaching into the heart of artistic process.
Evidence of Dominican Imagery and Cultural Identities on Venetian Crete at the Time of the Revolt of St Titus
Authors: Bormpoudaki Maria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Current discourse on Latin imagery in rural Greek churches in Venetian Crete is habitually focused on images of St Francis. The explanations offered by scholars concerning his appearances in this context usually revolve around Francis’s perceived interconfessional appeal, but the introduction of another Latin saint from a different mendicant order into the monumental art of Byzantine character on Crete revises this picture significantly. The present article discusses images of Dominican saints found in Cretan churches of the Venetian period. With statutes promulgated in 1254 and 1256, the General Chapter of the Dominicans encouraged the veneration of Dominican saints through the dissemination of their images, and the representation of St Peter Martyr in his eponymous church in Candia clearly constitutes a visual testimony to this policy. At the same time, the portrait of St Peter Martyr in the Greek (Orthodox) church of St George in the village of Apostoloi in Pediada (in the wider Candia region) provides grounds for a discussion of cultural difference in Venetian Crete, as well as for the interaction between the Latin and Greek communities around the time of the revolt of St Titus. In my view, this representation, which is currently the only known example in a Greek church, should be re-examined in light of the prominent Venetian presence in the aforementioned region and the specificity of the local context.
Creating the Moments of Art in Life
Authors: Gao Shiming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Art education at art institutes is not only to train personnel for cultural industry, but it needs to re-build the aesthetic sensibility of individuals through art. Artists and art educators need to pay close attention to the experience of daily life. By learning to live through life, the aim of art education at art institutes is to transform human minds and to cultivate common interests of human beings. It is to empower the inner strength of the individual. With this perspective, art is the creation of artistic moments of life that our sensibility, critique and creativity inspire us so that the potential intellectual and emotional power is realized.
Comparing ‘clinical hunch’ against clinical decision support systems (PERC rule, wells score, revised Geneva score and YEARS criteria) in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Medson Koshiar , Yu Jimmy , Liwenborg Lovisa , Lindholm Peter , Westerlund Eli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common and potentially life-threatening condition. Since it is considered a ‘do not miss’ diagnosis, PE tends to be over-investigated beyond the evidence-based clinical decision support systems (CDSS), which in turn subjects patients to unnecessary radiation and contrast agent exposure with no apparent benefits in terms of outcome.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the yield of ‘clinical hunch’ (gestalt) and four CDSS: the PERC Rule, Wells score, revised Geneva score, and Years criteria.

Methods
A review was conducted on the Electronic Medical Records (EMR) of 1566 patients from the Emergency Department at a tertiary teaching hospital who underwent CTPA from the 1st of January 2018 to the 31st of December 2019. The scores for the four CDSS were calculated retrospectively from the EMR data. We considered that a CTPA had been ordered on a clinical hunch when there was no mention of CDSS in the EMR, and no D-dimer test. A bypass of CDSS was confirmed when any step of the diagnostic algorithms was not followed.

Results
Of the total 1566 patients who underwent CTPA, 265 (17%) were positive for PE. The diagnosis yield from the five decision groups (clinical hunch and four CDSS) was as follows—clinical hunch, 15%; PERC rule, 18% (6% when bypassed); Wells score, 19% (11% when bypassed); revised Geneva score, 26% (13% when bypassed); and YEARS criteria, 18% (6% when bypassed).

Conclusion
Clinicians should trust the evidence-based clinical decision support systems in line with the international guidelines to diagnose PE.