bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sparse Enhancement Fuzzy Broad Learning System Based on Multiple Clustering Methods
Authors: Wang Jing , Lyu Shubin , Duan Junwei , Lin Zhengchun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The fuzzy broad learning system (FBLS) is a novel, neuro-fuzzy model. Different from other neuro-fuzzy models with low efficiency, FBLS can obtain better performance using less computation time. However, the clustering-based fuzzy rule generation approach makes the performance of FBLS limited. Meanwhile, it is unknown how the enhancement layers from FBLS contribute to the model performance, which hinders the further extension of the model structure. To solve these problems, we propose a sparse enhancement fuzzy broad learning system (SEFBLS). It uses only a sparse set of enhancement nodes to replace the original enhancement node groups. To obtain a better representation, the designed principal component-based sparse autoencoder is used for feature reconstruction and information removal. In addition, to explore the optimal model structure and performance, multiple clustering methods (fuzzy and non-fuzzy) are used to improve SEFBLS. The results on 10 UCI classification datasets show that the proposed SEFBLS obtains competitive accuracy using fewer fuzzy rules.
A Collaborative Optimization Algorithm for Ship Damage Stability Design
Authors: Huang Xiaohao , Yang Genke , Yang Chunlei , Sheng Qingwu , Pan Changchun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The damage stability of ship is a key performance metric in ship design. The challenge of damage stability optimization is a complex calculation process with multi scene dynamic inflow simulation relying on the cooperation of ship design software such as NAPA. Our work is to establish a collaborative optimization framework to effectively coordinate reinforcement learning (RL) with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and NAPA. The collaboration of RL and PSO realizes the update direction selection of watertight bulkhead position scheme. The collaboration of PSO and Napa promotes the iterative process of watertight bulkhead position and damage stability value A. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional damage stability optimization method, the collaborative optimization method improves the damage stability by 2.36% and reduces the calculation time significantly.
Penetration Depth Prediction Based on Data Fusion
Authors: Wang Jimin , Jiang Mingwei , Ji Changzheng , Zhang Lei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a penetration depth prediction model based on data fusion. The parameters of the penetration analysis are divided into different evaluation spaces, and then empirical algorithms are evaluated and the better algorithm is selected in each evaluation space. A large number of simulation data is generated to solve the problem of lack of experimental data. Two BP neural network prediction models are built based on experiment data and simulation data, respectively, and the genetic algorithm is used for parameter optimization. Finally, the attention mechanism is used to fuse the two models to generate the final dimensionless penetration depth. The experiment results show that the data fusion model has good prediction accuracy both in the whole parameter space and each evaluation space.
Universal uncertainty estimation for nuclear detector signals with neural networks and ensemble learning
Authors: Ai P. , Deng Z. , Wang Y. , Shen C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Characterizing uncertainty is a common issue in nuclear
measurement and has important implications for reliable physical
discovery. Traditional methods are either insufficient to cope with
the heterogeneous nature of uncertainty or inadequate to perform
well with unknown mathematical models. In this paper, we propose
using multi-layer convolutional neural networks for empirical
uncertainty estimation and feature extraction of nuclear pulse
signals. This method is based on deep learning, a recent development
of machine learning techniques, which learns the desired mapping
function from training data and generalizes to unseen test
data. Furthermore, ensemble learning is utilized to estimate the
uncertainty originating from trainable parameters of the network and
to improve the robustness of the whole model. To evaluate the
performance of the proposed method, simulation studies, in
comparison with curve fitting, investigate extensive conditions and
show its universal applicability. Finally, a case study is made
using data from a NICA-MPD electromagnetic calorimeter module
exposed to a test beam at DESY, Germany. The uncertainty estimation
method successfully detected out-of-distribution samples and also
achieved good accuracy in time and energy measurements.
Fluence map analyzer reduces low dose volume in locally advanced post mastectomy breast cancer patients
Authors: Uğurlu Berat Tuğrul , Türk Ali , Celasun Mustafa Gürol , Hekimoglu Azamat 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Multi-leaf collimator dose leakage in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans causes higher low dose volume which increases the long-term risks of radiotherapy. We have developed Fluence Map Analyzer (FMA) program that suggests the ideal field geometry to reduce low dose volume in locally advanced breast cancer IMRT plans. In this comparative experimental study, FMA has been applied to standard IMRT plans (STD-IMRT) of randomly selected 15 left and 15 right-sided locally advanced breast cancer patients. All patients underwent a modified radical mastectomy. The chest wall, IMN, axillary, and supraclavicular lymph nodes are included in planning target volume (PTV). The heart, lungs, contralateral breast, and medulla spinalis were delineated as organs at risk (OARs). Two sets of plans, namely STD-IMRT and FMA-IMRT, were generated for each patient. The dosimetric analysis was performed using dose-volume histogram (DVH) and standard evaluation parameters of PTV and OARs. No differences could be observed among the two techniques for PTV coverage. However, FMA-IMRT plans achieved significantly lower V5 volumes and mean doses of the heart, lungs, contralateral breast, and body contours. FMA-IMRT used a smaller number of sub-fields and fewer monitor units (MU). FMA automizes the field geometry determination process for locally advanced breast cancer IMRT planning while reducing low dose volume significantly.
TheJungle BookIs Not a Book. Adaptation, Intertextuality, and the Hegemonic Text
Authors: Oulton Harry 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, Rudyard Kipling’s The Jungle Book is viewed in its role as a source text. The paper considers how genre and structure are affected across a range of adaptations, both novel to film/TV and novel to novel. This process allows for the consideration of two linked but discrete outcomes of adaptation; firstly, an exploration of what is currently understood by the signifier ‘the Jungle Book’, and secondly, what is transferred when very different acts of adaptation are performed on the same text. In the same way that the hermeneutic circle shows the impossibility of interpreting any individual part without reference to the whole, there is a particular type of text, which I will call hegemonic, which can only be fully explicated when it is considered as being composed both of itself and its adaptive iterations.
A Systematic Review of Childhood Adversity and Executive Functions Outcomes among Adults
Authors: Lund Jessie I , Boles Kara , Radford Abbey , Toombs Elaine , Mushquash Christopher J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective
Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is linked to disruptions in typical neurodevelopment of brain structures and functioning, including changes in executive functions. Although the relationships among ACEs, executive functions, and psychopathology are well documented in pediatric samples, a systematic review is needed to examine these relationships in adulthood.

Method
A systematic review examining the link between ACEs and executive functions among adult clinical and nonclinical samples was conducted across 33 scientific and grey literature databases. Among reviewed studies, 17 sources met review criteria, with 11 involving clinical samples and six involving nonclinical samples.

Results
Among clinical samples, evidence suggested that ACEs increased risk for executive function difficulties among those diagnosed with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, and those experiencing a first episode of psychosis, however not within those diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Among nonclinical samples, executive function difficulties associated with ACEs were found among those in early and middle adulthood. Not all retrieved sources showed consistent findings, and two studies described better executive function outcomes among those who experienced childhood sexual abuse and emotional abuse.

Conclusions
Executive function difficulties associated with ACEs appear to persist into adulthood, though inconsistently. Future research may further explore distinct differences among specific ACEs and executive function difficulties to further inform ongoing prevention and treatment efforts.
Integrated unsupervised–supervised modeling and prediction of protein–peptide affinities at structural level
Authors: Zhou Peng , Wen Li , Lin Jing , Mei Li , Liu Qian , Shang Shuyong , Li Juelin , Shu Jianping 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cell signal networks are orchestrated directly or indirectly by various peptide-mediated protein–protein interactions, which are normally weak and transient and thus ideal for biological regulation and medicinal intervention. Here, we develop a general-purpose method for modeling and predicting the binding affinities of protein–peptide interactions (PpIs) at the structural level. The method is a hybrid strategy that employs an unsupervised approach to derive a layered PpI atom–residue interaction (ulPpI[a-r]) potential between different protein atom types and peptide residue types from thousands of solved PpI complex structures and then statistically correlates the potential descriptors with experimental affinities (KD values) over hundreds of known PpI samples in a supervised manner to create an integrated unsupervised–supervised PpI affinity (usPpIA) predictor. Although both the ulPpI[a-r] potential and usPpIA predictor can be used to calculate PpI affinities from their complex structures, the latter seems to perform much better than the former, suggesting that the unsupervised potential can be improved substantially with a further correction by supervised statistical learning. We examine the robustness and fault-tolerance of usPpIA predictor when applied to treat the coarse-grained PpI complex structures modeled computationally by sophisticated peptide docking and dynamics simulation. It is revealed that, despite developed solely based on solved structures, the integrated unsupervised–supervised method is also applicable for locally docked structures to reach a quantitative prediction but can only give a qualitative prediction on globally docked structures. The dynamics refinement seems not to change (or improve) the predictive results essentially, although it is computationally expensive and time-consuming relative to peptide docking. We also perform extrapolation of usPpIA predictor to the indirect affinity quantities of HLA-A*0201 binding epitope peptides and NHERF PDZ binding scaffold peptides, consequently resulting in a good and moderate correlation of the predicted KD with experimental IC50 and BLU on the two peptide sets, with Pearson’s correlation coefficients Rp = 0.635 and 0.406, respectively.
Mapping the developing human cardiac endothelium at single-cell resolution identifies MECOM as a regulator of arteriovenous gene expression
Authors: McCracken Ian R , Dobie Ross , Bennett Matthew , Passi Rainha , Beqqali Abdelaziz , Henderson Neil C , Mountford Joanne C , Riley Paul R , Ponting Chris P , Smart Nicola , Brittan Mairi , Baker Andrew H 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsCoronary vasculature formation is a critical event during cardiac development, essential for heart function throughout perinatal and adult life. However, current understanding of coronary vascular development has largely been derived from transgenic mouse models. The aim of this study was to characterize the transcriptome of the human foetal cardiac endothelium using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to provide critical new insights into the cellular heterogeneity and transcriptional dynamics that underpin endothelial specification within the vasculature of the developing heart.Methods and resultsWe acquired scRNA-seq data of over 10 000 foetal cardiac endothelial cells (ECs), revealing divergent EC subtypes including endocardial, capillary, venous, arterial, and lymphatic populations. Gene regulatory network analyses predicted roles for SMAD1 and MECOM in determining the identity of capillary and arterial populations, respectively. Trajectory inference analysis suggested an endocardial contribution to the coronary vasculature and subsequent arterialization of capillary endothelium accompanied by increasing MECOM expression. Comparative analysis of equivalent data from murine cardiac development demonstrated that transcriptional signatures defining endothelial subpopulations are largely conserved between human and mouse. Comprehensive characterization of the transcriptional response to MECOM knockdown in human embryonic stem cell-derived EC (hESC-EC) demonstrated an increase in the expression of non-arterial markers, including those enriched in venous EC.ConclusionsscRNA-seq of the human foetal cardiac endothelium identified distinct EC populations. A predicted endocardial contribution to the developing coronary vasculature was identified, as well as subsequent arterial specification of capillary EC. Loss of MECOM in hESC-EC increased expression of non-arterial markers, suggesting a role in maintaining arterial EC identity.
A case of cardiac strangulation following epicardial pacemaker implantation in an adult: a case report
Authors: Kang Ryeonshi , Tanaka Toshikazu D , Yoshitake Michio , Yoshimura Michihiro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Cardiac strangulation (CS) is a rare but potentially devastating complication caused by the leads of an epicardial pacemaker (EP). Most cases have been reported in paediatric patients, and there has been no report wherein the diagnosis was made in a living, adult patient, and treated successfully.

Case summary
A 31-year-old woman with a history of atrial septal defect (ASD) patch closure and EP implantation for congenital atrial stand-still presented with dyspnoea on exertion. The blood investigation of the patient showed liver dysfunction, chest radiography showed pulmonary artery dilatation, and transthoracic echocardiography showed right chambers dysfunction. Right heart catheterization showed haemodynamics similar to those of constrictive pericarditis, eventually leading to the diagnosis of CS due to EP leads. The patient was successfully operated upon.

Discussion
We reported the first case where CS was diagnosed in adulthood and successfully treated with surgical intervention. Cardiac strangulation is challenging to diagnose because of the small number of cases reported and the lack of definitive diagnostic algorithms or criteria. Surgical EP lead removal should be performed without hesitation in cases where CS is considered the primary aetiology of critical symptoms or complications because surgical removal is the only fundamental treatment for CS. In addition, paediatric patients undergoing EP implantation need for close follow-up.
Minimally invasive lobectomy versus stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: de Ruiter Julianne Cynthia , van Diessen Judi Nani Annet , Smit Egbert Frederik , van der Noort Vincent , Damhuis Ronald Alphons Maria , Hartemink Koen Johan ,   ESLUNG group, Bongers E M , Braun J , Bussink J , Dielwart M F H , Ghamati M , de Groot M A , Hugen N , Hutteman M , Hüyük M , IJgosse W M , Klomp H M , Maat A P W M , Mali R , Marquenie N , Marres G M H , Martina B G , Mens D M , Oosterhuis J W A , Susa D , van Thiel E , Veen E J , Veenhof A A F A , Verbogt N P A , Verhagen A F T M , van der N C M G , van Zyp Voort , de Wee E M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
A minimally invasive lobectomy (MIL) is the standard treatment for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in medically operable patients. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is recommended for inoperable patients and has been proposed as a potential alternative for operable patients as well. Here, we present the results of a feasibility study in preparation for a nationwide retrospective cohort study, comparing outcomes between both treatment modalities.

METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, data from patients with clinical stage I NSCLC treated with MIL or SABR in 2014–2015 were retrieved from databases from 12 Dutch hospitals. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) were compared between MIL and SABR.

RESULTS
A total of 597 patients with clinical stage I NSCLC treated with MIL (n = 356) or SABR (n = 241) were included. In total, 106 (30%) patients had died in the MIL group and 142 (59%) in the SABR group. After MIL and SABR, unadjusted 5-year PFS was 63% and 30%, OS was 72% and 38% and LCSS was 81% and 76%, respectively. Propensity score-weighted analyses did not show significant differences between MIL and SABR in OS [hazard ratios (HR) 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43–1.29)], PFS [HR 0.74 (95% CI 0.42–1.32)] or LCSS [HR 0.81 (95% CI 0.42–1.59)].

CONCLUSIONS
Unadjusted analyses revealed superior OS and PFS for MIL and similar LCSS, but this feasibility study was not sufficiently powered to demonstrate significant differences using propensity score methodology. Therefore, this study is currently being extended to include more than half of Dutch hospitals in order to enlarge the population to ≥1880 patients, not only to determine the best treatment for patients with stage I NSCLC overall, but also to assess the preferred treatment for patient groups with specific characteristics.
Oral application of levosimendan before ischaemia/reperfusion with or without cardioplegic arrest in rats
Authors: Boening Andreas , Welk Edgar , Heep Martina , Hemmerich Carina , Niemann Bernd , Schlüter Klaus-Dieter , Taghiyev Zulfugar T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Clinical studies have indicated minor beneficial effects of the calcium sensitizer levosimendan on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Here, the influence of levosimendan administered 24 h before cardiac arrest on myocardial function was examined in rat hearts perfused in a Langendorff model.

METHODS
Levosimendan (Levo group) or NaCl (control group) was administered to 53 rats via drinking water 24 h prior to mounting excised hearts on a Langendorff apparatus. Cardiac arrest with or without cardioplegia was induced in both groups; another set of hearts was perfused continuously. During 90-min reperfusion at 36°C, functional parameters were measured and normalized to baseline values. Troponin I was quantified in coronary sinus effluent, and the functionality of isolated cardiomyocytes was studied.

RESULTS
Oral application of levosimendan showed therapeutic efficacy. Baseline values were similar in the Levo and NaCl groups except for coronary flow. After ischaemia and reperfusion, Levo hearts did not recover better than NaCl hearts {left ventricular derived pressure: 63 [standard deviation (SD): 36.2] vs 46 (SD: 41.8)% baseline; P = 0.386}, In hearts exposed to cardioplegia, functional recovery only slightly differed in the Levo and NaCl groups [left ventricular derived pressure: 69.96 (SD: 12.7) vs 51.89 (SD: 28.1)% baseline; P = 0.09]. Cell shortening of cardiomyocytes isolated from hearts exposed to ischaemia or perfusion was better in Levo groups [cell shortening: 7.65 (SD: 1.95) %; 7.8 (SD: 1.79)% vs 6.28 (SD: 1.67)%; 6.5 (SD: 1.87)%, P &lt; 0.001]; this benefit was absent in cardioplegia-treated hearts.

CONCLUSIONS
Levosimendan applied orally before ischaemia/reperfusion improves functional recovery, but this effect is only moderate when cardioplegia is included. Differences between hearts exposed to cardioplegia or to global ischaemia may indicate why levosimendan-related beneficial effects do not directly translate into better clinical outcome.
Body image, body composition and environment: do they affect adolescents’ physical activity?
Authors: Karchynskaya Viktoryia , Kopcakova Jaroslava , Madarasova Geckova Andrea , Klein Daniel , de Winter Andrea F , Reijneveld Sijmen A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Most adolescents are less physically active than recommended, despite the strong effort of various stakeholders to promote physical activity (PA). Body image and body composition may play an important role not only in directly facilitating adolescents’ PA but also in enabling environment-related factors. As evidence is lacking, we aimed to assess the associations of adolescents’ PA with body-related and environment-related factors, whether this differs by age and gender, and whether these factors interact.

Methods
We used data on 888 11- to 15-year-old adolescents (mean age = 13.5, 56% boys) from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study conducted in 2018 in Slovakia. We used multinomial logistic regression analysis to assess the association of adolescents’ PA with body-related factors (body image, body composition) and environment-related factors (PA-promoting environment, less leisure constraints), taking into account age and gender.

Results
Adolescents who perceived their body as not too fat were more likely to be physically very active rather than inactive [odds ratios (ORs)/95% confidence interval (CI) 2.15/1.44–3.22], and similarly those who were not overweight/obese (3.24/2.09–5.01) and perceived less leisure constraints (1.74/1.44–2.11). In older adolescents and in girls, the association of adolescents’ PA with body composition and environment-related factors was stronger. The association of adolescents’ PA with perceiving less leisure constraints was stronger among adolescents who did not perceive their body as too fat (OR/95% CI 1.98/1.26–3.14), and for those who were not overweight/obese (OR/95% CI 1.62/1.01–2.57).

Conclusion
Adolescents’ PA is associated with both body-related and environment-related factors. These associations are stronger in girls and older adolescents, if co-occurring.