bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation between the circular and linear form of the Elongator Acetyltransferase Complex Subunit 3 in the progression of triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Barznegar Masoumeh , Rahimi Karim , Mahdavi Parinaz , Menbari Mohammad‐Nazir , Darvishi Nikoo , Vahabzadeh Zakaria , Hakhamaneshi Mohammad‐Saied , Andalibi Pedram , Abdi Mohammad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancer (BC) that hardly responds to common treatment. Recent studies show that circ‐ELP3 (Elongator Acetyltransferase Complex Subunit 3 or hsa‐circ‐0001785) is involved in the pathogenesis of several malignancies. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible role of this circRNA in the progression of TNBC cells and the possible relation between the circular and linear forms of the ELP3. We evaluated the circ‐ELP3 and its host gene expression level in clinical samples and breast cancer cell lines. Using an expression vector, hsa‐circ‐0001785 was upregulated to investigate its role on cancer cell progression. After a transient transfection, we evaluated possible alterations in the cell cycle progression, cell viability, and cell proliferation. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analyses verified that circ‐ELP3 and its host gene were significantly upregulated in TNBC tissues and breast cancer cells. Overexpression of circ‐ELP3 markedly increases the cell viability and proliferation and also the formation of colonies in transfected cells compared to the controls. Briefly, our results showed that Circ‐ELP3 and its host gene were significantly upregulated in TNBC. Circ‐ELP3 is involved in TNBC progression and may exert its effects by indirectly regulating of ELP3 expression.
Comparison of adenosine‐independent pressure indices to fractional flow reserve in stent‐jailed bifurcation side branches
Authors: Altstidl Johannes Michael , Achenbach Stephan , Marwan Mohamed , Tröbs Monique , Schacher Nora , Ferstl Paul , Gerlach Andreas , Schlundt Christian , Gaede Luise 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectives and BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate whether the high correlation and classification agreement of the instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR) and the resting distal coronary to aortic pressure ratio (Pd/Pa) with the fractional flow reserve (FFR) can be confirmed in stent‐jailed side branches (J‐SB).MethodsConsecutive patients (n = 49) undergoing provisional stenting were prospectively enrolled and a physiological assessment of the J‐SB (n = 51) was performed. FFR, iFR, and Pd/Pa were measured and the hemodynamic relevance was determined using cutoff values of ≤0.80, ≤0.89, and ≤0.92, respectively.ResultsBoth iFR (r = 0.75) and Pd/Pa (r = 0.77) correlated closely with FFR. Classification agreement with FFR was 78% for iFR (81% sensitivity, 77% specificity) and 75% for Pd/Pa (63% sensitivity and 80% specificity). However, angiographic diameter stenosis and pressure indices correlated poorly. For a threshold of ≥70% stenosis, agreement concerning hemodynamic relevance was found in 59% for FFR, 69% for iFR, and 61% for Pd/Pa.ConclusionAs reported for other lesion types, FFR and the adenosine‐independent pressure indices iFR and Pd/Pa show close correlation and a high classification agreement of approximately 75%–80% in J‐SB. Therefore, iFR can be regarded as a recommendable alternative to FFR for the guidance of provisional stenting in bifurcation lesions.
Case of benralizumab‐induced exacerbations of chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Magen Eli , Komarova Irina , Magen Israel , Phirtskhalava Sofia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe role of IL‐5 in chronic spontaneous urticarial (CSU) is unclear. It may be that benralizumab is an important bidirectional modifier of CSU; that is, blocking IL‐5 may improve CSU in some patients, but it is possible that it may worsen CSU in others.
Sulfur and nitrogen codoped cyanoethyl cellulose‐derived carbon with superior gravimetric and volumetric capacity for potassium ion storage
Authors: Cheng Guangzeng , Zhang Wenzhe , Wang Wei , Wang Huanlei , Wang Yixian , Shi Jing , Chen Jingwei , Liu Shuai , Huang Minghua , Mitlin David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe fabricated sulfur and nitrogen codoped cyanoethyl cellulose‐derived carbons (SNCCs) with state‐of‐the‐art electrochemical performance for potassium ion battery (PIB) and potassium ion capacitor (PIC) anodes. At 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10 A g−1, the SNCC shows reversible capacities of 369, 328, 249, 208, 150, and 121 mA h g−1, respectively. Due to a high packing density of 1.01 g cm−3, the volumetric capacities are also uniquely favorable, being 373, 331, 251, 210, 151, and 122 mA h cm−3 at these currents, respectively. SNCC also shows promising initial Coulombic efficiency of 69.0% and extended cycling stability with 99.8% capacity retention after 1000 cycles. As proof of principle, an SNCC‐based PIC is fabricated and tested, achieving 94.3 Wh kg−1 at 237.5 W kg−1 and sustaining over 6000 cycles at 30 A g−1 with 84.5% retention. The internal structure of S and N codoped SNCC is based on highly dilated and defective graphene sheets arranged into nanometer‐scale walls. Using a baseline S‐free carbon for comparison (termed NCC), the role of S doping and the resultant dilated structure was elucidated. According to galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses, as well as COMSOL simulations, this structure promotes rapid solid‐state diffusion of potassium ions and a solid electrolyte interphase that is stable during cycling. X‐ray diffraction was used to probe the ion storage mechanisms in SNCC, establishing the role of reversible potassium intercalation and the presence of KC36, KC24, and KC8 phases at low voltages.
A survey and comparative evaluation of actor‐critic methods in process control
Authors: Dutta Debaprasad , Upreti Simant R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractActor‐critic (AC) methods have emerged as an important class of reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm that enables model‐free control by acting on a process and learning from the consequence. To that end, these methods utilize artificial neural networks, which are synergized for action evaluation and optimal action prediction. This feature is highly desirable for process control, especially when the knowledge about a process is limited or when it is susceptible to uncertainties. In this work, we summarize important concepts of AC methods and survey their process control applications. This treatment is followed by a comparative evaluation of the set‐point tracking and robustness of controllers based on five prominent AC methods, namely, DDPG, TD3, SAC, PPO, and TRPO, in five case studies of varying process nonlinearity. The training demands and control performances indicate the superiority of DDPG and TD3 methods, which rely on off‐policy, deterministic search for optimal action policies. Overall, the knowledge base and results of this work are expected to serve practitioners in their efforts toward further development of autonomous process control strategies.
Facile Control of Molecular Weight Distribution via Droplet‐Flow Light‐Driven Reversible‐Deactivation Radical Polymerization†
Authors: Zhou Yang , Fu Yangkang , Chen Mao 
Published: June 2022

Comprehensive SummaryMolecular weight distribution (MWD) is fundamental for polymer analysis, which influences many important properties of polymeric materials. In this work, we demonstrate the development of a computer‐aided droplet‐flow system that combines photo‐mediated reversible‐deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) and chain transfer agent (CTA) diffusion strategy to enable facile MWD control for the first time. Synthetic advantages of this photo‐flow polymerization allow controlled chain‐growth to yield a variety of polymers of tunable MWDs in a broad range (Ð ≈ 1.1—1.9) with predetermined molecular weights (Mn ≈ 4—30 kDa) and good chain‐end fidelity. Notably, the computer‐aided platform has streamlined an automatic and high‐throughput pathway to prepare polymer libraries of tunable MWDs. For copolymers, chemical compositions could be readily regulated besides MWDs with the droplet‐flow platform. We believe that this work should be attractive for polymer engineering, and informative to create more flow polymerization techniques toward on‐demand control of diverse polymer characters.
An Efficient Gram‐Scale Chemical Synthesis of Purine Locked Nucleic Acid Nucleoside‐5′‐O‐Triphosphates
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Muthian , Senthilvelan Annamalai , Kore Anilkumar R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article presents a simple, reliable, straight‐forward, general, and efficient chemical method for the gram‐scale synthesis of purine locked nucleic acid (LNA) nucleotides, such as LNA guanosine‐5′‐O‐triphosphate (LNA‐GTP) and LNA adenosine‐5′‐O‐triphosphate (LNA‐ATP), starting from the corresponding nucleoside. The reaction pathway employs an improved protection‐free “one‐pot, three‐step” Ludwig synthetic strategy. The first step involves monophosphorylation of nucleoside with phosphorus oxychloride followed by reaction with tributylammonium pyrophosphate and subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting cyclic intermediate to furnish the corresponding LNA nucleotide in good yields. It is noteworthy that the reaction affords high‐purity (>99.5%) LNA nucleotide after diethylaminoethyl Sepharose column purification. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Synthesis of LNA nucleoside‐5′‐O‐triphosphates
Modeling the Effects of Maternal Diabetes on the Developing Human Heart Using Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Heart Organoids
Authors: Lewis‐Israeli Yonatan R. , Abdelhamid Mishref , Olomu Isoken , Aguirre Aitor 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCongenital heart defects (CHD) constitute the most common type of birth defect in humans. Maternal diabetes during the first trimester of pregnancy (pregestational diabetes, or PGD) is one of the most prominent factors contributing to CHD, and is present in a significant population of female patients with diabetes in reproductive age. PGD is challenging to manage clinically due to the extreme sensitivity of the developing embryo to glucose oscillations, and constitutes a critical health problem for the mother and the fetus. The prevalence of PGD‐induced CHD is increasing due to the ongoing diabetes epidemic. While studies using animal models and cells in culture have demonstrated that PGD alters critical cellular and developmental processes, the mechanisms remain obscure, and it is unclear to what extent these models recapitulate PGD‐induced CHD in humans. Clinical practice precludes direct studies in developing human embryos, further highlighting the need for physiologically relevant models. To bypass many of these technical and ethical limitations, we describe here a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)–based method to generate developmentally relevant self‐organizing human heart organoids. By using glucose and insulin to mimic the diabetic environment that the embryo faces in PGD, this system allows modeling critical features of PGD in a human system with relevant physiology, structure, and cell types. The protocol starts with the generation of hPSC‐derived embryoid bodies in a 96‐well plate, followed by a small molecule–based three‐step Wnt activation/inhibition/activation strategy. Organoids are then differentiated under healthy (normal insulin and glucose) and diabetic conditions (high insulin and glucose) over time, allowing for the study of the effects of pregestational diabetes on the developing human heart. We also provide an immunofluorescence protocol for comparing, characterizing, and analyzing the differences between the healthy and diabetic organoids, and comment on additional steps for preparing the organoids for analysis by other techniques after differentiation. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of hPSC‐derived embryoid bodiesBasic Protocol 2: Differentiation of EBs into heart organoids under healthy and diabetes‐like conditionsBasic Protocol 3: Immunofluorescence and organoid preparation for other assays
Cross‐sectional study of propofol dose during intravenous sedation for dental surgery in patients with long‐term oral benzodiazepine therapy: A secondary publication
Authors: Fujisawa Toshiaki , Miyata Kazuki , Nitta Yukie , Terui Akifumi , Ishikawa Emi , Hamaya Eri , Wakana Keiichiro , Takuma Shigeru , Shibuya Makiko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe amount of propofol required for intravenous sedation (IVS) in patients on long‐term oral benzodiazepine (BZD) therapy may be affected by drug interactions and central changes in sensitivity. However, there is no research on the effect of long‐term oral BZD use on the amount of propofol required for IVS. We aimed to clarify the difference between the total propofol dose required for IVS in patients with or without long‐term oral BZD therapy.Material and methodsAmong patients treated for 4 years, the total administered dose required for IVS with propofol alone and local anesthesia for the extraction of bilateral impacted mandibular wisdom teeth, was retrospectively compared between patients with continuous oral BZD use for ≥6 months (BZD group; n = 24) and those without such use (control group; n = 307). The aimed sedation level was the Ramsay sedation scale 3–4.ResultsThe amount of propofol required for IVS was significantly lower in the BZD group compared to the control group (4.83 ± 1.30 vs. 5.91 ± 1.25 mg/kg/h, p < .001; 95% confidence interval, −1.22 to −0.94 mg/kg/h; Cohen's d, 0.84). The required propofol dose was not influenced by preoperative oral BZD administration on the day of extraction (presence [n = 13] vs. absence [n = 11]: 4.9 ± 1.3 vs. 4.8 ± 1.7 mg/kg/h, p = .83). Long‐term oral BZD therapy remained a significant factor for a lower required propofol dose after adjusting for age with multiple linear regression analysis. The underlying mechanism cannot be an additive action process but might pertain to competitive inhibition via an enzyme involved in glucuronate conjugation or competitive albumin binding.ConclusionsClinicians should understand that patients on long‐term oral BZDs therapy might require less propofol for IVS than those not on BZDs, irrespective of whether BZDs were taken preoperatively on the day of surgery.
Children and adolescents with speech sound disorders are more likely to have orofacial dysfunction and malocclusion
Authors: Mogren Åsa , Sand Anders , Havner Christina , Sjögreen Lotta , Westerlund Anna , Agholme Monica Barr , Mcallister Anita 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildren with speech sound disorders (SSD) form a heterogeneous group that differs in terms of underlying cause and severity of speech difficulties. Orofacial dysfunction and malocclusions have been reported in children with SSD. However, the association is not fully explored.ObjectivesOur aims were to describe differences in orofacial function and malocclusion between a group of children and adolescents with compared to without SSD and to explore associations between those parameters among the group with SSD.MethodsA total of 105 participants were included, 61 children with SSD (6.0–16.7 years, mean age 8.5 ± 2.8, 14 girls and 47 boys) and 44 children with typical speech development (TSD) (6.0–12.2 years, mean age 8.8 ± 1.6, 19 girls and 25 boys). Assessments of orofacial function included an orofacial screening test and assessment of bite force, jaw stability, chewing efficiency, and intraoral sensory‐motor function. Possible malocclusions were also assessed.ResultChildren with SSD had both poorer orofacial function and a greater prevalence of malocclusion than children with TSD. Furthermore, children with SSD and poorer orofacial function had a greater risk of malocclusion.ConclusionOur result suggests that children with SSD are more prone to having poorer orofacial function and malocclusion than children with TSD. This illustrates the importance of assessing coexisting orofacial characteristics in children with SSD, especially since orofacial dysfunction may be linked to an increased risk of malocclusion. This result highlights the need for a multiprofessional approach.
A tool for incorporating interprofessional perspectives into dental students decision‐making: A 2‐year follow‐up on this learning outcome
Authors: Craig Trevor W. , Comnick Carissa L. , Leary Kecia S. , Hartshorn Jennifer E. , Johnsen David C. , Marchini Leonardo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze student performance when using a sustainable teaching tool developed to guide learning toward interprofessional perspectives.MethodsThis study compiled data about D4 students’ performance when using an interprofessional education (IPE) teaching tool reported previously in this journal, during their 5‐week Geriatric and Special Needs Program rotation in the academic years 2018–2019 and 2019–2020. Ninety‐two students were introduced to IPE concepts and teaching tools during their orientation. Students were then asked a question regarding the perspective of each healthcare team member and whether they would contact these healthcare team members for collaboration during the provision of oral care with regard to various patient cases. Students were scored on whether they answered the question about the perspective of each health care team member. The same two independent evaluators also noted whether the student thought each member of the health care team should be contacted.ResultsA majority (90.2%–95.7%) of dental students applied their knowledge to questions regarding each health care team member's perspectives. The profession that dental students most often indicated they wished to contact for collaboration was primary care providers (n = 70; 76.1%), followed by family caregivers (n = 54; 58.7%), and pharmacists (n = 46; 50.0%). The results of the interrater agreement between the two‐faculty scoring students were between 86.7% and 100%.ConclusionsThe teaching tool is sustainable and succinct. Students considered the perspectives of each health care team member at a rate above 90%, and the interrater agreement was high among the faculty evaluators. Students considered contacting primary care providers, family caregivers, and pharmacists more often than the other health care team members. We see this model as one approach to begin the articulation of learning outcomes for IPP.
The role of snare proteins in cortical development
Authors: Vadisiute Auguste , Meijer Elise , Szabó Florina , Hoerder‐Suabedissen Anna , Kawashita Eri , Hayashi Shuichi , Molnár Zoltán 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNeural communication in the adult nervous system is mediated primarily through chemical synapses, where action potentials elicit Ca2+ signals, which trigger vesicular fusion and neurotransmitter release in the presynaptic compartment. At early stages of development, the brain is shaped by communication via trophic factors and other extracellular signaling, and by contact‐mediated cell–cell interactions including chemical synapses. The patterns of early neuronal impulses and spontaneous and regulated neurotransmitter release guide the precise topography of axonal projections and contribute to determining cell survival. The study of the role of specific proteins of the synaptic vesicle release machinery in the establishment, plasticity, and maintenance of neuronal connections during development has only recently become possible, with the advent of mouse models where various members of the N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex have been genetically manipulated. We provide an overview of these models, focusing on the role of regulated vesicular release and/or cellular excitability in synaptic assembly, development and maintenance of cortical circuits, cell survival, circuit level excitation–inhibition balance, myelination, refinement, and plasticity of key axonal projections from the cerebral cortex. These models are important for understanding various developmental and psychiatric conditions, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Cereal rye mulch biomass and crop density affect weed suppression and community assembly in no‐till planted soybean
Authors: Menalled Uriel D. , Adeux Guillaume , Cordeau Stéphane , Smith Richard G. , Mirsky Steven B. , Ryan Matthew R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe use of multiple ecological weed management tactics may be an effective solution to weed management challenges associated with reducing tillage. An experiment was conducted to assess how soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. density and cereal rye Secale cereale L. mulch biomass affected weed suppression and community assembly in no‐till production. Soybean was planted at five rates from 0 to 74 seeds m−2, and five cereal rye mulch levels were established from 0 to 2 times the ambient cereal rye biomass within each site–year. We assessed the effects of soybean density and cereal rye mulch biomass on weed suppression, weed community composition, and the functional structure of weed life cycle, emergence timing, seed weight, height, and specific leaf area traits. Weed suppression was influenced by a synergistic interaction between soybean density and cereal rye biomass. The functional dispersion (FDis) of all weed traits, when combined, was reduced by increased soybean density and mulch biomass, suggesting that high treatment intensities induced trait convergence. However, soybean density and cereal rye biomass had differing effects on the FDis and composition of individual traits, suggesting that these management practices represent unique filters during weed community assembly. Mulch biomass had a larger effect on annual weed suppression and weed community composition than soybean density. Farmers who utilize high biomass cover crop mulch for weed management may experience shifts in weed community composition toward an increased proportion of perennials and weeds with later emergence, heavier seeds, and shorter stature. Increasing soybean density may reduce perennial weed biomass, making it a valuable complement to high cereal rye mulch biomass. As such, weed management in no‐till soybean is enhanced by combining multiple practices, which can enable synergistic weed suppression and the management of diverse weed functional groups.