bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Internet of Things-based power cycling and neuromuscular training on pain and walking ability in elderly patients with KOA: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yujia , Xie Suhang , Wang Xiaoyi , Song Kangping , Wang Lin , Zhang Ruishi , Feng Yuan , He Chengqi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and highly disabling disease that imposes a heavy burden on individuals and society. Although physical therapy is recommended as an important method to relieve OA symptoms, patients cannot continue treatment after returning home. Research on Internet telerehabilitation for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) can reduce pain and improve patient quality of life, and Internet of Things (IoT)-based telerehabilitation is a new form of delivering rehabilitation. This study will evaluate the effect of telerehabilitation via IoT, as a medium to deliver exercises, on pain and walking in patients with KOA.

Methods
This study is a single-blind randomized controlled trial. We will recruit 42 middle-aged and elderly patients with KOA aged ≥ 50 years and randomly divided into power cycling group, neuromuscular exercise group, and control group, and intervention will last for 12 weeks. Outcome measures will be taken at baseline and 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-intervention. The pre- and posttreatment differences in knee pain and physical function between participants undergoing power cycling and neuromuscular training and those in the control group will be determined by each scale. The effectiveness will be assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Score (WOMAC) and an 11-point numerical pain rating scale. Walking function and quality of life will be assessed by the timed up and go and walk test, 6-min walk test, and quality of life health status questionnaires.

Discussion
The findings from this trial will establish the feasibility and effectiveness of IoT-based power cycling and neuromuscular training on elderly patients with KOA in the community. As a result, this trial may help provide experimental evidence for finding a better exercise method suitable for elderly patients with KOA in the community.

Trail registration
Chinese Clinical Trials Registry ChiCTR2200058924. Prospectively registered on 6 May 2022.
Associations of MRI-visible perivascular spaces with longitudinal cognitive decline across the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum
Authors: Wang Ming-Liang , Zou Qiao-Qiao , Sun Zheng , Wei Xiao-Er , Li Peng-Yang , Wu Xue , Li Yue-Hua ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics and associations of MRI-visible perivascular spaces (PVS) with clinical progression and longitudinal cognitive decline across the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum.MethodsWe included 1429 participants (641 [44.86%] female) from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. PVS number and grade in the centrum semiovale (CSO-PVS), basal ganglia (BG-PVS), and hippocampus (HP-PVS) were compared among the control (CN), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) groups. PVS were tested as predictors of diagnostic progression (i.e., CN to MCI/AD or MCI to AD) and longitudinal changes in the 13-item Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog 13), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), memory (ADNI-MEM), and executive function (ADNI-EF) using multiple linear regression, linear mixed-effects, and Cox proportional hazards modeling.ResultsCompared with CN subjects, MCI and AD subjects had more CSO-PVS, both in number (p< 0.001) and grade (p< 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in BG-PVS and HP-PVS across the AD spectrum (p> 0.05). Individuals with moderate and frequent/severe CSO-PVS had a higher diagnostic conversion risk than individuals with no/mild CSO-PVS (log-rankp< 0.001 for all) in the combined CN and MCI group. Further Cox regression analyses revealed that moderate and frequent/severe CSO-PVS were associated with a higher risk of diagnostic conversion (HR = 2.007, 95% CI = 1.382–2.914,p< 0.001; HR = 2.676, 95% CI = 1.830–3.911,p< 0.001, respectively). A higher CSO-PVS number was associated with baseline cognitive performance and longitudinal cognitive decline in all cognitive tests (p< 0.05 for all).ConclusionsCSO-PVS were more common in MCI and AD and were associated with cognitive decline across the AD spectrum.
The role of type 2 diabetes in the association between habitual glucosamine use and dementia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Xu Chenjie , Hou Yabing , Fang Xuexian , Yang Hongxi , Cao Zhi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Growing evidence has showed an association between habitual glucosamine use and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the effect of habitual glucosamine use on risk of dementia remains poorly understood. Our study aimed to examine the association between glucosamine use and risk of dementia and further to identify the mediating role of T2D in the association.

Methods
A total of 495,942 participants from UK Biobank who completed a questionnaire on habitual glucosamine use were included at baseline (2006–2010) and then followed up for incidence of dementia until 2020. Cox proportional hazard regressions were performed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident dementia. Markov multi-state models were used to explore the role of incidence of T2D during the follow-up in the association.

Results
Overall, 18.80% of the participants reported habitual use of glucosamine at baseline. A total of 6831 dementia events were recorded during a median follow-up of 11 years. In fully adjusted models, habitual glucosamine use was associated with a significantly lower risk of dementia (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.82–0.93). Multi-state models showed that the association between glucosamine use and dementia was mediated by the incidence of T2D during the follow-up (HR of dementia without T2D: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.99; HR of post-T2D dementia: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.67–0.93).

Conclusions
Our findings reveal that habitual use of glucosamine supplement is associated with a lower risk of dementia, which might be explained by incidence of T2D.
Microbial active functional modules derived from network analysis and metabolic interactions decipher the complex microbiome assembly in mangrove sediments
Authors: Du Huan , Pan Jie , Zou Dayu , Huang Yuhan , Liu Yang , Li Meng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The metabolic interactions of microbes significantly affect the assembly of microbial communities that play important roles in biogeochemical processes. However, most interspecies interactions between microorganisms in natural communities remain unknown, leading to a poor understanding of community assembly mechanisms.

Results
Here, we used a genome-scale metabolic modeling-based approach to explore the potential interactions among bacteria and archaea in mangrove sediments. More than half of the assembled microbial species ($$\backsim 340$$

∽
340

) combined about 3000 pairwise metabolic interaction relationship with high potential. The examples of predicted interactions are consistent with the implications of studies based on microbial enrichment/culture, indicating the feasibility of our strategy for extracting diverse potential interactions from complex interspecies networks. Moreover, a substantial number of previously unknown microbial metabolic interactions were also predicted. We proposed a concept of microbial active functional module (mAFM), defined as a consortium constituted by a group of microbes possessing relatively high metabolic interactions via which they can actively realize certain dominant functions in element transformations. Based on the metabolic interactions and the transcript distribution of microorganisms, five mAFMs distributed in different layers of the sediments were identified. The whole group of mAFMs covered most of the principal pathways in the cycle of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, while each module possessed divergently dominant functions. According to this distinction, we inferred that the mAFMs participated in the element cycles via their intra-cycle and the inter-exchange among them and the sediments.

Conclusions
The results of this study greatly expanded interaction potential of microbes in mangrove sediments, which could provide supports for prospective mutualistic system construction and microbial enrichment culture. Furthermore, the mAFMs can help to extract valuable microbial metabolic interactions from the whole community and to profile the functioning of the microbial community that promote biogeochemical cycling in mangrove sediments.
What about males? Exploring sex differences in the relationship between emotion difficulties and eating disorders
Authors: Vuillier L. , Joseph J. , Greville-Harris M. , May L. , Somerville M. P. , Harrison A. , Moseley R. L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveWhile eating disorders (EDs) are more commonly diagnosed in females, there is growing awareness that men also experience EDs and may do so in a different way. Difficulties with emotion processing and emotion regulation are believed to be important in EDs, but as studies have involved predominantly female samples, it is unclear whether this is also true for males.MethodsIn a sample of 1604 participants (n = 631 males), we assessed emotion processing and emotion regulation in males with EDs (n = 109) and compared results to both females with EDs (n = 220) and males from the general population (n = 522). We also looked at whether emotion processing and emotion regulation difficulties predicted various aspects of eating psychopathology and whether this was moderated by sex. We assessed emotion processing with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, emotion regulation with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and eating psychopathology with the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire.ResultsWe found that males with ED, like their female counterparts, suffered from emotion processing and emotion regulation deficits. We did find some sex differences, in that males with EDs tended to report more difficulties with their emotions as well as a more externally oriented thinking style compared to females with EDs. Difficulties with emotion processing and emotion regulation were strongly predictive of various aspects of eating psychopathology in both sexes. Importantly, we found that sex moderated the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and eating restraint. As such, low use of reappraisal was found to be associated with higher levels of restraint in females but not in males.DiscussionDifficulties with emotion processing and emotion regulation are associated with eating psychopathology in both males and females. Reappraisal was not found to be associated with reduced eating psychopathology in males, suggesting a cautious approach to interventions targeting this strategy. Research around explanatory mechanisms and interventions must adopt a broader viewpoint including those that are traditionally overlooked in EDs.
Comparison of the accuracy of immediate implant placement using static and dynamic computer-assisted implant system in the esthetic zone of the maxilla: a prospective study
Authors: Feng Yuzhang , Su Zhenya , Mo Anchun , Yang Xingmei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to compare the accuracy of fully guided between dynamic and static computer-assisted implant surgery (CAIS) systems for immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone.MethodsA total of 40 qualified patients requiring immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone were randomly and equally assigned to either static CAIS group (n = 20) or dynamic CAIS groups (n = 20). Global deviations at entry, apex, and angular deviation between placed and planned implant position were measured and compared as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes were the deviation of implant placement at mesial–distal, labial–palatal, and coronal–apical directions.ResultsFor the immediate implant placement, the mean global entry deviations in static and dynamic CAIS groups were 0.99 ± 0.63 mm and 1.06 ± 0.55 mm (p = 0.659), while the mean global apex deviations were 1.50 ± 0.75 mm and 1.18 ± 0.53 mm (p = 0.231), respectively. The angular deviation in the static and dynamic CAIS group was 3.07 ± 2.18 degrees and 3.23 ± 1.67 degrees (p = 0.547). No significant differences were observed for the accuracy parameters of immediate implant placement between static and dynamic CAIS systems, except the deviation of the implant at entry in the labial–palatal direction in the dynamic CAIS group was significantly more labial than of the static CAIS (p = 0.005).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that clinically acceptable accuracy of immediate implant placement could be achieved using static and dynamic CAIS systems.Trial registration ChiCTR, ChiCTR2200056321. Registered 3 February 2022,http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=151348
Stem cell laden nano and micro collagen/PLGA bimodal fibrous patches for myocardial regeneration
Authors: Wee Jung Hee , Yoo Ki-Dong , Sim Sung Bo , Kim Hyun Joo , Kim Han Joon , Park Kyu Nam , Kim Gee-Hee , Moon Mi Hyoung , You Su Jung , Ha Mi Yeon , Yang Dae Hyeok , Chun Heung Jae , Ko Jae Hoon , Kim Chun Ho 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Although the use of cardiac patches is still controversial, cardiac patch has the significance in the field of the tissue engineered cardiac regeneration because it overcomes several shortcomings of intra-myocardial injection by providing a template for cells to form a cohesive sheet. So far, fibrous scaffolds fabricated using electrospinning technique have been increasingly explored for preparation of cardiac patches. One of the problems with the use of electrospinning is that nanofibrous structures hardly allow the infiltration of cells for development of 3D tissue construct. In this respect, we have prepared novel bi-modal electrospun scaffolds as a feasible strategy to address the challenges in cardiac tissue engineering .

Methods
Nano/micro bimodal composite fibrous patch composed of collagen and poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (Col/PLGA) was fabricated using an independent nozzle control multi-electrospinning apparatus, and its feasibility as the stem cell laden cardiac patch was systemically investigated.

Results

Nano/micro bimodal distributions of Col/PLGA patches without beaded fibers were obtained in the range of the 4-6% collagen concentration. The poor mechanical properties of collagen and the hydrophobic property of PLGA were improved by co-electrospinning.
In vitro
experiments using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) revealed that Col/PLGA showed improved cyto-compatibility and proliferation capacity compared to PLGA, and their extent increased with increase in collagen content. The results of tracing nanoparticle-labeled as well as GFP transfected BMSCs strongly support that Col/PLGA possesses the long-term stem cells retention capability, thereby allowing stem cells to directly function as myocardial and vascular endothelial cells or to secrete the recovery factors, which in turn leads to improved heart function proved by histological and echocardiographic findings.

Conclusion
Col/PLGA bimodal cardiac patch could significantly attenuate cardiac remodeling and fully recover the cardiac function, as a consequence of their potent long term stem cell engraftment capability.
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome II presenting paradoxically as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a case report and reappraisal of pathophysiology
Authors: Batta Akash , Gupta Amit Kumar , Singal Gautam , Mohan Bishav , Kumar Sushil , Jaiswal Bhavuk , Hatwal Juniali , Tandon Rohit , Singh Gurbhej , Goyal Abhishek , Singh Bhupinder , Mittal Naveen , Chhabra Shibba Takkar , Aslam Naved , Wander Gurpreet Singh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a rare disease entity characterized by acute, non-ischemic, reversible myocardial dysfunction that mimics acute myocardial infarction. Activation and excessive outflow of sympathetic nervous system are believed to be central to the figure in the disease pathogenesis. Adrenocortical hormones potentiate the systemic actions of sympathetic nervous system and accordingly are essential for regulation of myocardial function. We present an unusual case of a middle-aged woman with primary adrenal insufficiency who presented paradoxically with TCM.

Case presentation
A 50-year-old woman with past history of hypothyroidism presented to emergency department with history of acute chest pain and syncope. There was no significant drug history or history of an emotional or physical stimulus prior to admission. Prominent pigmentation over the tongue and skin creases of hands were noted. On presentation, she was in shock and had ventricular tachycardia which required electrical cardioversion. The subsequent electrocardiogram demonstrated diffuse T-wave inversions with prolonged QTC. There was apical hypokinesia on echocardiogram, and cardiac biomarkers were elevated. There was persistent inotropic requirement. She had marked postural symptoms, and a postural blood pressure drop of 50 mm Hg was present. Initial laboratory parameters were significant for hyperkalemia (7.8 mEq/L) and hyponatremia (128 mEq/L). These findings prompted evaluation for adrenal insufficiency which was confirmed with appropriate tests. Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome II was thus diagnosed based on the above findings. Coronary angiography revealed normal coronaries. The diagnoses of TCM was established in accordance with the International Takotsubo Diagnostic Criteria. She was started on stress dose steroid replacement therapy and improved dramatically. At one month of follow-up, the patient is asymptomatic, and there was normalization of her left ventricular function.

Conclusions
Intricate relationship and interplay exist between the steroid hormones and catecholamines in the pathogenesis of TCM. Steroid hormones not only potentiate the actions of catecholamines, but they also regulate and channelize catecholaminergic actions preventing their deleterious effects on the cardiac tissue. Hence, both steroid deficiency and exogenous steroid replacement may precipitate TCM. Evidence from more such cases and larger perspective studies in future will further improve our understanding of this complex disease process and its myriad associations.
Health care personnel’s perspectives on human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling for cervical cancer screening: a pre-implementation, qualitative study
Authors: Xiong Serena , Lazovich De Ann , Hassan Faiza , Ambo Nafisa , Ghebre Rahel , Kulasingam Shalini , Mason Susan M. , Pratt Rebekah J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types is a well-documented cause of cervical cancer. Since the implementation of cervical cancer screening methods (e.g., Pap tests), cervical cancer rates have declined. However, Pap tests are still unacceptable to many women and require complex infrastructure and training. Self-sampling techniques for collecting HPV specimens (or “HPV self-sampling”) have been proposed as a possible alternative to overcome these barriers. The objective of this study was to capture perspectives from health care personnel (providers, leaders, and clinic staff) across primary care systems on the potential implementation of an HPV self-sampling practice.

Methods
Between May and July 2021, a study invitation was emailed to various health care professional networks across the Midwest, including a snowball sampling of these networks. Eligible participants were invited to a 45–60-min Zoom-recorded interview session and asked to complete a pre-interview survey. The survey collected sociodemographics on age, occupation, level of educational attainment, race/ethnicity, gender, and awareness of HPV self-sampling. The semi-structured interview was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and asked participants about their views on HPV self-sampling and its potential implementation. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using NVivo 12.

Results
Key informant interviews were conducted with thirty health care personnel—13 health care providers, 6 clinic staff, and 11 health care leaders—from various health care systems. Most participants had not heard of HPV self-sampling but reported a general enthusiasm for wanting to implement it as an alternative cervical cancer screening tool. Possible barriers to implementation were knowledge of clinical evidence and ease of integration into existing clinic workflows. Potential facilitators included the previous adoption of similar self-sampling tools (e.g., stool-based testing kits) and key decision-makers.

Conclusion
Although support for HPV self-sampling is growing, its intervention’s characteristics (e.g., advantages, adaptability) and the evidence of its clinical efficacy and feasibility need to be better disseminated across US primary care settings and its potential adopters. Future research is also needed to support the integration of HPV self-sampling within various delivery modalities (mail-based vs. clinic-based).
Anomalous left coronary artery presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a malignant outcome for a ‘benign’ variant
Authors: Ali Umar Syed , Geldenhuys Agneta , Otto Jacobus , Samie Rafeeq , Dwivedi Girish , Andrews David , Ihdayhid Abdul Rahman 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Anomalous left coronary arteries are rare congenital defects. These are often detected incidentally unless they have a malignant course whereby patients present with acute coronary syndromes. We describe a rare presentation of a benign variant of this pathology and a proposed diagnostic and management plan.

Case presentation
A 41-year-old female was admitted following an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Cardiac imaging demonstrated an anomalous left main coronary artery arising from a single right coronary ostium with a trans-septal course and associated ischaemic changes on functional testing. Given her clinical presentation, she underwent successful left coronary reimplantation surgery.

Conclusions
This case highlights that even supposedly ‘benign’ variants can have malignant outcomes and that functional testing can be useful in further risk-stratifying anomalous coronary anatomy. Surgical reimplantation is a feasible and effective treatment for achieving optimal long-term results