bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of HPS Supplementary Lighting on Growth and Yield of Greenhouse Cucumbers
Authors: Blain Jacques , Gosselin André , Trudel Marc-J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Four cultivars of greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. ‘Corona’, ‘Far-biola’, ‘Pandex’, and ‘Sandra’) were grown under four lighting conditions: natural light and natural light supplemented by 100, 200, or 300 μmol·s−1·m−2 provided by high-pressure sodium lamps for a photoperiod of 18 hr. For this purpose, transplants were first seeded on 24 Sept. 1984, transplanted on 23 Oct., and grown according to the successive cropping method. Supplemental lighting enhanced plant growth and increased yield. Our data indicate that a marketable yield of 240 fruit/m2 per year of greenhouse cucumbers could be obtained with supplementary lighting of 300 μmol·s−1·m−2.
Daminozide Affects Growth and Yield of ‘Heritage’ Red Raspberry
Authors: McGregor Graeme R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Application of daminozide to young ‘Heritage’ primocanes significantly increased early yields by increasing the number of fruit that ripened on lower fruiting laterals. Daminozide at 2000 ppm applied to 30-cm-high primocanes would enable a commercial crop to be harvested in districts otherwise unsuitable for autumn production. Chemical names used: butanedioic acid mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide (daminozide).
Reproductive Response of the Highbush Blueberry to Root-zone Flooding
Authors: Abbott John D. , Gough R. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Two-year-old container-grown highbush blueberry plants (Vaccinium corymbosum L. ‘Bluecrop’) were flooded outdoors, beginning in December, April, and August, to determine the seasonal effects of root-zone flooding on reproductive growth. Flooded plants had 61-77% fewer flower buds and 55-66% fewer flowers per bud, compared to nonflooded plants. Anthesis was delayed about 6 days in flooded plants. Fruit set was decreased 45% and fruit abscision increased with flooding. Fruit weight, fruit size, and percentage of soluble solids from flooded plants were reduced significantly.
Response of Strawberries to Irrigation Scheduling
Authors: Dwyer L. M. , Stewart D. W. , Houwing L. , Balchin D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A field experiment monitored the response of 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. ‘Bounty’) plants to irrigation scheduled according to three criteria: a) daily rainfall ⩽1 mm, b) predawn leaf water potential ⩽ − 0.25 MPa, and c) soil water content ⩽50% plant-available water. All irrigated plots had significantly higher yields than nonirrigated plots (P < 0.05). The mean fruit weight was also higher in all irrigated plots, but differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.10). The irrigation treatments had no effect on the length of the harvest period. Plots watered each day that rainfall was ⩽1 mm had significantly more crown development than other irrigated and nonirrigated plots (P < 0.05). Predawn leaf water potential was the most conservative criterion for irrigation scheduling.
Influence of Benomyl on Yield Response of Pleurotus sajor-caju to Delayed Release Nutrient Supplementation
Authors: Royse Daniel J. , Schisler Lee C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The use of benomyl significantly influenced the yield response of Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer to increasing levels of delayed release nutrient supplement. Benomyl applied during the substrate soaking process or at spawning resulted in the highest mushroom yields when the substrate was supplemented with delayed release nutrient at 63% (dry substrate weight). At the highest supplementation rate (63%), competitor molds were most effectively controlled when benomyl was applied in the substrate soak water. Mushroom yield response to increasing levels of supplement was curvilinear. The increase in yield became less for each incremental increase in supplement. Chemical name used: methyl[1-[(butylamino)carbonyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamate (benomyl).
Effects of Amidochlor on Shoot Growth and Seedhead Suppression in Cool-season Turfgrass
Authors: Bhowmik Prasanta C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Amidochlor at 2.24 to 3.36 kg a.i./ha provided excellent (90% or better) seedhead suppression of ‘Baron’ Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and 80% to 90% seedhead suppression for ‘Pennlawn’ red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) turf. Although amidochlor provided excellent shoot growth reduction up to 42 days after treatment (DAT), the greatest shoot growth reduction was noted during 28 DAT. In general, turfgrass injury was within acceptable limits over the entire study period except during the 28-day period when unacceptable injury (32% to 64%) was noted. Quality of amidochlor-treated turfs was unacceptable 28 DAT. Quality improved significantly over time, and the quality ratings ranged from 7.0 to 8.5. Maximum shoot growth reduction (85% to 93%) as measured by fresh clipping weight occurred during the initial 28-day period and thereafter declined, followed by a stimulation of turfgrass growth (56 DAT). Chemical name used: N-[(acetylamino)methyl]-2-chloro-N-2,6(diethylphenyl)acetamide (amidochlor).
Effect of Seasons and Insecticides on Orchid Thrips Injury of Anthuriums in Hawaii
Authors: Hara Arnold H. , Mau Ronald F. L. , Sato Dwight M. , Bushe Brian C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dimethoate 4EC, fenpropathrin 2.4EC, fluvalinate 2F, oxamyl 2L, chlor-pyrifos 4EC, malathion 5EC, diazinon 4EC, and oxydemeton-methyl 2EC insecticides significantly reduced injury of anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum Lind. & Andre cv. Ozaki) flowers by the orchid thrips, Chaetanaphothrips orchidii (Moulton). Injury was characterized by white streaks and/or scarrings occurring primarily on the abaxial surface only or on both adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the spathe. Injury on the adaxial surface occurred only at 0.15% of all thrips-injured spathes observed during the study period. Thrips injury on anthurium flowers in control plots during Aug. 1984 to Sept. 1985 decreased to 3% during Feb. and Mar. 1985, and increased to 90% during Sept. 1985. Chemical names used: O,O-dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoeth-yl]phosphorodithoate (dimethoate); (Rs)-α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethyl cyclopropanecarboxylate (fenpropathrin); N-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-DL-valine (±)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester (fluvalinate); S-{2-(ethyl suffinyl)ethyl}O,O-dimethylphosphorothioate (oxydemeton-methyl); methyl 2-dimethylamino)-N-[[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxy]-2-oxoethanimidothioate (oxamyl); O,O-diethyl 0-[6-methyl-α-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl] phosphorothioate (diazinon); O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)-phosphorothioate (chlorpyrifos); and diethyl [(dimethoxyphos-phinothiovl)thio] butanedioate (malathion).
Grader Performance Using a Peach Ground Color Maturity Chart
Authors: Delwiche Michael J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The ability of graders to match colors in a ground color maturity chart to actual peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) ground colors was measured for seven cultivar s. Peach samples were graded visually, and scores were compared with color scores derived from colorimeter measurements. Graders selected the correct color reference match in 48% of the observations and within one color of the correct reference in 94% of the observations. For the standard minimum maturity reference, this corresponds to a ground color range with Hunter “a” values between −5.8 and −1.3. Color matching was affected by skin lightness as well as chromaticity. Significant differences were measured in color matching performance among cultivars and graders, but these differences were of little practical effect.
Ethanol Accumulation and Poststorage Quality of ‘Delicious’ Apples During Short-term, Low-O2, CA Storage
Authors: Nichols William C. , Patterson Max E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Delicious’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) harvested on two dates and stored in controlled atmospheres (CA) from 0.0% to 1.5% O2 were analyzed biweekly during a 14-week storage period for tissue ethanol and other quality parameters. After 14 weeks, ‘Delicious’ fruit stored in 0.0% O2 was significantly firmer, lower in soluble solids, and had 10 times more ethanol than fruit stored in 0.5% to 1.5% O2. Upon return to ambient air for 7 days following low-O2 storage, up to 50% of the ethanol accumulated was lost. The first external symptoms of low-O2 injury appeared after 8 weeks in 0.0% O2 followed by a week in air. Symptoms were associated with ethanol contents >2500 μg·liter−1. Fruit harvested 7 Oct. produced more ethanol than fruit harvested 23 Sept. (i.e., greater concentration and faster rate). There were no differences in firmness, soluble solids, and titratable acidity due to harvest date.
Effect of Postharvest Heat Treatments for Insect Control on the Quality and Market Life of Avocados
Authors: Kerbel Eduardo L. , Mitchell F. Gordon , Mayer Gene 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The tolerance of avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Fuerte) to different heat treatments, using hot air at 43°C, was evaluated. The heat-treated avocados did not soften or ripen normally and exhibited severe surface browning after a 14-day simulated transit period at 7° followed by a 4-day simulated marketing period at 20°. Heat treatments also increased rate of weight loss, susceptibility to vibration injury, and loss of fresh avocado flavor.
Effect of Ethylene on Protease Activity in Petals and in Ovaries from Cut Roses
Authors: Lukaszewska A. , Pérez-Zún̂iga F. J. , Gorin N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ethylene treatment affected protease activity in ovaries, but not petals, of cut roses (Rosa hybrida L.) ‘Sonia’. Protease activity in ovaries of ethylene-treated flowers decreased within the first 3 days and then remained at the same level until the 12th day. In ovaries from controls, protease activity decreased from day 6 until day 9 and then remained constant until day 12. Protease activity of petals did not differ significantly between the ethylene-treated and control flowers; it was constant until day 6 and then increased steadily until day 12. Differences between ethylene-treated and control flowers were visible immediately after treatment (day 1) and until day 3, as the sepals of the ethylene-treated flowers reflexed. Later (day 6), this difference disappeared as the sepals of the control flowers also reflexed. On day 9 the outer petals of the ethylene-treated flowers were bluish, whereas the controls were not. There were no other differences in development between treated and control flowers.
Interaction between an Indigenous Endomycorrhizal Fungus and Mineral Nutrition of Rosa multiflora Understock
Authors: Paterson D. R. , Taber Ruth A. , Pemberton H. B. , Earhart D. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the article “Interaction between an Indigenous Endomycorrhizal Fungus and Mineral Nutrition of Rosa multiflora Understock” by D.R. Paterson, Ruth A. Taber, H.B. Pemberton, and D.R. Earhart (HortScience 21:312-313, Apr. 1986), the last line of data in Table 1 was printed incorrectly.
‘Advantage’, ‘Pilgrim’, and ‘Companion‘ Celery
Authors: Honma Shigemi , Lacy M. L. , Murakishi H. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the article “ ‘Advantage’, ‘Pilgrim’, and ‘C om panion’ C elery” by Shigemi Honma, M.L. Lacy, and H.H. Murakishi (HortScience 21:1073-1074, Aug. 1986), H.H. Murakishi's name was spelled incorrectly.
The Carbohydrate-Nitrogen Relationship and Flowering/Fruiting: Kraus and Kraybill Revisited
Authors: Cameron J. Scott , Dennis Frank G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the article “The Carbohydrate-Nitrogen Relationship and Flowering/Fruiting: Kraus and Kraybill Revisted” by J. Scott Cameron and Frank G. Dennis, Jr. (HortScience 21:1099–1102, Oct. 1986), on p. 1100, under Experimental methods and designs, the authors note that the sentence reading “Kraus and Kraybill describe 4 experiments (I, III, IV, and V II)...” should read “Kraus and Kraybill describe 4 experiments (II, V, VI, and V II)...” In the article “Gene Transfer System for Potato” by Elias A. Shahin and Robert B. Simpson (HortScience 21:1199–1201, Oct. 1986), an incorrect photograph was printed as Fig. 2C. The correct photograph is printed below.
Intermittent Microsprinkler Irrigation and Tree Wraps For Freeze Protection of Young ‘Hamlin’ Orange Trees
Authors: Davies Frederick S. , Rippetoe L. W. , Jackson Larry K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effectiveness of intermittent and constant microsprinkler irrigation, compared with no irrigation, for freeze protection of young ‘Hamlin’ orange trees [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.], was studied during radiative and advective freezes in 198586. All tree trunks were wrapped with fiberglass insulation to reduce evaporative cooling. Intermittent irrigation of 5 min on and 10 or 15 min off maintained trunk temperatures under the wrap above critical values during radiative and advective freezes at air temperatures of — 7.1°C. However, trunk temperatures above the wrap decreased to below air temperatures due to evaporative cooling when using intermittent treatments during advective conditions. Trunk temperatures were highest for constant irrigation, intermediate for intermittent, and lowest for unirrigated wrapped trees; yet, survival was similar for all treatments. Nevertheless, intermittent irrigation provided acceptable freeze protection to the lower trunk using one-fourth as much water as constant irrigation and may allow citrus growers more flexibility in using irrigation for freeze protection of young citrus trees.
Effect of Soil-applied Macro- and Micro-nutrients on the Yield and Quality of ‘Concord’ Grapes
Authors: Ahmedullah M. , Roberts S. , Kawakami A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Field-grown grapes (Vitis labruscana Bailey cv. Concord) were fertilized preplant with four levels of N and S, two levels of P and B, and three levels of K and Zn. Vine growth and yield responded to N up to 180 kg·ha−1. Increasing N to 270 kg·ha−1 increased vine growth at the expense of yield. There was no growth or yield response to P, K, and S, either alone or synergistically with N. Yield was significantly correlated with cluster number and cluster weight. Fertilizer treatments had no significant effect on quality. Nitrate-N, P, and K in the leaf petioles increased with increasing fertilizer levels of these elements and decreased as the season advanced.
Efficacy of BA For the Promotion of Lateral Bud Formation on Douglas-fir and Colorado Blue Spruce
Authors: Mazzola M. , Costante J. F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A whole-tree foliar application of BA at a concentration of 1000 ppm increased lateral bud density on douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] but not on Colorado blue spruce (Picea pungens Englm.) when treated ≈6 weeks after budbreak. A single BA application made at the same time, but only to the terminal leader, was not effective in increasing overall lateral bud density on either the terminal or lateral branches of either species. Lammas shoots formed on all trees that received whole-tree applications of BA. Bud formation on lammas shoots appeared normal for douglas-fir but uncharacteristic for Colorado blue spruce. Chemical names used: N- (phenylmethyl)-lH-purin-6-amine (BA).
Germination and Emergence of High-sugar Sweet Corn Is Improved by Presowing Hydration of Seed
Authors: Bennett Mark A. , Waters Luther 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Three presowing seed hydration treatments and a control were compared for stand establishment with a normal (su) (‘Jubilee’) and two high-sugar (‘Sweetie’, ‘Sugar Loaf’) sweet corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Moisturizing (M) and soaking (S) improved early emergence, while an osmoconditioning (OC) treatment significantly reduced field emergence compared to control. Plant size was increased in the M and S treatments at an early (2- to 4-leaf) vegetative stage. The effectiveness of hydration treatments differed slightly with hybrid. Results from spring and fall plantings at several locations suggest that presowing seed hydration can be used to improve stands of sweet corn.
Forage Potential of Cowpea in a Double-cropping System Following Green Peas
Authors: Marsh Dyremple B. , Waters Luther , Marten Gordon C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] has not been considered as a doublecrop alternative in the midwestern United States. Forage potential of cowpea following green peas (Pisum sativum L.) was studied in two field experiments in central and southern Minnesota. Dry-matter yield was higher in 1981 than in 1982 for all cowpea cultivars tested. Increasing the plant population improved yields for ‘California Black-eye Number 5’, ‘Alabama Giant Blackeye’, ‘Freezegreen’, and the breeding lines MN 139, MN 150, and Au 704, but not for ‘Colossus’. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was >63% for both stems and leaves in all cultivars and was not affected by plant population. Crude protein (CP) in leaves exceeded 20% for all treatments. We conclude that cowpea has excellent potential for supplying high-quality forage from double-cropping systems in the midwestern United States.
Physical Properties of Propagation Media and Their Effects on Rooting of Three Woody Ornamentals
Authors: Tilt Kenneth M. , Bilderback T. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cuttings of three ornamental species [Ilex × ‘Nellie R. Stevens’, (I. aquifolium × I. cornuta) Van Lennep, × Cupressocyparis leylandii Jacks & Dall. ‘Haggerston Grey’, and Lagerstroemia indica L.] were inserted in 11 media to determine the effects of physical properties of propagation media on rooting response. The physical properties of seven propagation media were altered by manipulating particle size distribution of a 1 aged pine bark : 1 composted hardwood bark (v/v) medium. Four other propagation media were used for comparison. Container capacity air space ranged from 12% to 40%, and water held after drainage in the root zone ranged from 35% to 55%. Variation in rooting response of cuttings occurred, but differences could not be attributed to the physical properties of the various media. In addition, no relationship between rooting response and engineered combinations of hardwood bark and pine bark were detected.
Response of Tubers of Begonia x tuberhybrida to Cold Temperatures, Ethylene, and Low-oxygen Storage
Authors: Prince Timothy A. , Cunningham Maria S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Tubers of Begonia × tuberhybrida Voss cvs. Ruffled Pink and Roseform Salmon, stored for 8 weeks at 2.5°C, respired more rapidly during a subsequent 24 hr at 20° to 21° than did tubers stored at 5° or 7.5°. Exposure of tubers to 1 μ·liter1 ethylene during a 48-hr period prior to planting had no effect on sex expression or other quality parameters of the plants at flowering. Storage of tubers in a 2-3% O2 atmosphere for up to 20 weeks at 5° increased the percentage of tubers sprouted compared to those stored in air. No differences in sex expression, flower size or doubleness, days to flower, or plant height at flowering were observed between low-O2 and air storage at any duration.
Winter Hardiness, Leaf Water Potential, and Heat Tolerance of ‘China Girl’ Holly as Affected by Landscape Exposure
Authors: Pair John C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ilex rugosa × cornuta ‘China Girl’ plants were established around structures simulating typical residential dwellings to determine tolerance to summer and winter stresses of sun and shade patterns. All plants survived the summer of 1983, when temperatures in the leaf canopy at one location reached 49°C. Leaf water potential was lowest in summer at the southeast, south, and southwest exposures, and most winter injury occurred at these same sites. Most growth and berry production occurred at cool northern exposures. No appreciable injury was caused by the 1983-84 winter, when low temperatures of -23° occurred in both December and January. However, winter burn on foliage was quite extensive in southeast and southwest locations exposed to winter sun. Temperature fluctuations of as much as 28° occurred the same day in southwest locations. Variations of as much as 18° occurred among sites at the same time of day. This new interspecific hybrid exhibited equal winter hardiness but greater heat tolerance than Ilex × meservae cultivars at the same exposures.
Indicators of Maturity and Storage Quality of ‘Rainier’ Sweet Cherry
Authors: Drake S. R. , Fellman J. K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The soluble solids content of ‘Rainier’ sweet cherries was significantly correlated with fruit color, weight, and firmness. As the harvest season progressed, the correlation between soluble solids and fruit weight was reduced, but correlations between soluble solids and fruit color remained high. Maturity indicator values (soluble solids, color, weight, and firmness) were highly dependent on location in the tree. Fruit from the tree interior was less mature than from the exterior or top. Maturity differences due to fruit location were evident over the entire harvest period. Cherries with 16% soluble solids were firmer than cherries with 18%, but sensory evaluation showed poorer appearance and taste for the cherries with 16% soluble solids.
Response of Blueberry Cultivars to Inoculation with Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands Zoospores
Authors: Erb William A. , Moore James N. , Sterne Rickie E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Symptom development in resistant and susceptible blueberry cultivars was studied following inoculation with zoospores of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. Three rabbiteye (Vaccinium ashei Reade ‘Tifblue’, ‘Woodard’, and ‘Bluegem’), two highbush (V. corymbosum L. ‘Bluetta’ and ‘Patriot’), and one interspecific tetraploid hybrid (US 109) genotypes were grown hydroponically and permitted to develop healthy root systems prior to immersing the roots in a zoospore suspension for 10 hr. P. cinnamomi infected the roots of all cultivars tested. During a 6-week test, root symptom development progressed steadily in ‘Bluetta’ and ‘Patriot’, but leveled off in the other cultivars. ‘Bluetta’ was rated the most susceptible, ‘Patriot’ was intermediate in susceptibility, and US 109, ‘Tifblue’, ‘Woodard’, and ‘Bluegem’ showed increased resistance. The greatest tolerance was exhibited by US 109.
Shoot Organogenesis from Rooted Citrus Leaves
Authors: Yelenosky George 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shoot organogenesis from detached leaves is not characteristic of all plants, but, when found, the phenomenon is a valuable tool for research and plant propagation. Some of the recent observations of whole-plant development from leaf cuttings include lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) (3) and sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] (1).
Short Duration Presprouting Enhances Sweet Potato Plant Production
Authors: Hall Melvin R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The potential number of plants and time required to propagate them (3) from bedded roots vary among sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.)] cultivars. High production costs from bedded roots underscore a need to maximize the number of plants produced per bed area and minimize the amount of time for them to reach transplant size. Presprouting for 3 weeks or longer at 32° ± 1°C and 85% ± 5% RH promotes early plant production and increases the number of plants produced (1, 3), but heating costs have deterred the use of presprouting. Some chemical treatments occasionally improved plant production from seed roots but such treatments have only limited commercial use. In a previous study (2), concentrations (150 to 1500 ppm) of the surface sterilant calcium hypochlorite did not increase the number of transplants produced, but three of the four genotypes tested produced earlier plants following immersion. This study was conducted to determine the effects of presprouting duration and duration of immersion in two concentrations of calcium hypochlorite on plant production by bedded roots of a sparse plant-producing sweet potato genotype.