bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of unsuppressed viral load among adults on follow up of antiretroviral therapy at selected public and private health facilities of Adama town: unmached case-control study
Authors: Jaleta Fraol , Bekele Bayissa , Kedir Soriya , Hassan Jemal , Getahun Asnakech , Ligidi Tadesse , Garoma Getinet , Itefa Kiflu , Gerenfes Tadesse , Botore Abera , Kenate Berhanu , Dagafa Gutu , Muleta Daba 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the scale up of antiretroviral therapy (ART), unsuppressed viral load among population taking ART in private and public health facilities is still a public health concern increasing the risk of treatment failure. Studies comprehensively assessing significant predictors of non-suppressed viral load among patients on follow up of AR in public and private health facilities are limited. The objective of the study was to identify predictors of unsuppressed viral load among adult patients taking antiretroviral therapy at selected public and private health facilities of Adama town, East shewa zone, Ethiopia.MethodsAn unmatched case-control study was conducted from April 15 /2021 to May 20/2021. A total sample size of 347 patients consisting 116 cases and 231 controls was selected from electronic database among patients who started ART from September 2015 to August 2020. Data were collected using checklist from patient medical records and analyzed by SPSS. The association of dependent and independent variables was determined using multivariate analysis with 95% confidence interval andP- value in logistic regression model to identify independent predictors.ResultFrom the total 347 participants,140 (40.3%) of them were males and 207 (59.7%) were females. In multivariate logistic regression, CD4 count < 100 [(AOR:1.22, 95% CI: 1.4-7.3)], CD4 100-200[(AOR: 2.58 95% CI: 1.06-8.28)], Fair Adherence [(AOR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.67-4.82)], poor adherence [(AOR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.7-6.73)], History of Cotrimoxazole Therapy (CPT) use and not used [(AOR: 2.60, 95% CI: 1.23-5.48)] and History of drug substitution [(AOR:. 361, 95% CI: .145-.897)] were independent predictors of unsuppressed viral load with thep-value less than 0.05.Conclusion and commendationIn this study,Baseline CD4, adherence, History of CPT used and history of drug substitution was predictors of unsuppressed viral load. Monitoring immunological response through scheduled CD4 tests is essential to maintain immunity of the patients preventing diseases progression. Intensive adherence support and counseling should conclusively be provided through effective implementation of ART programs by providers would enhance viral suppression ensuring the quality of care and treatment.
EPHA5 mutation was associated with adverse outcome of atezolizumab treatment in late-stage non-small cell lung cancers
Authors: Li Zhenxiang , Zhou Qing , Wang Qi , Wang Haiyong , Yue Weiming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to investigate predictive value of gene mutation for atezolizumab treatment response from OAK and POPLAR cohorts.

Methods
Several public databases were used for analyzing gene mutation type of EPHA5 and association with alterations of other genes. Survival analysis was performed for patients receiving atezolizumab from OAK and POPLAR cohorts.

Results
EPHA5 mutation have high frequency to harbor TP53 and KEAP1 mutations. The bTMB value has significant difference between EPHA5 mutant and wild-type cases. Patients with EPHA5 mutation got worse survival compared to those without gene mutations receiving atezolizumab (P = 0.0186).

Conclusions
EPHA5 mutant NSCLC may represent a subpopulation which showed worse response after treatment of atezolizumab compared to wild-type ones.
A scoping review on the impact of hydrophilic versus non-hydrophilic intermittent catheters on UTI, QoL, satisfaction, preference, and other outcomes in neurogenic and non-neurogenic patients suffering from urinary retention
Authors: Barken Kim Bundvig , Vaabengaard Rikke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
For patients suffering from urinary retention due to neurogenic [e.g., spinal cord injury (SCI), spina bifida (SB), multiple sclerosis (MS)] or non-neurogenic [e.g., cancer, benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH)] causes, intermittent catheterization is the primary choice for bladder emptying. This scoping review compared hydrophilic-coated intermittent catheters (HCICs) with non-hydrophilic (uncoated) catheters in neurogenic and non-neurogenic patients with respect to satisfaction, preference, adverse events, urinary tract infection (UTI), quality of life (QoL), cost effectiveness, pain, and discomfort.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Embase, and available clinical practice guidelines and was limited to systematic reviews/meta-analysis and clinical studies (randomized trials, cohort and case–control studies) published in English between 2000 and 2020. A narrative synthesis was performed, comparing HCIC with non-hydrophilic catheters in each pathology. The articles where critically appraised and weighted according to their level of evidence based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence grading.

Results
Thirty seven original articles and 40 reviews were included. The comparison of HCICs versus non-hydrophilic catheters was well-documented in patients with mixed pathology, SCI, and to some extent SB. The available evidence predominantly indicates better outcomes with HCICs as reported by study authors, particularly, greater UTI reduction and improved satisfaction, cost-effectiveness, and QoL. However, SB studies in children did not report reduction in UTIs. Children complained about slippery catheters, indicating possible touching of the surface during insertion, which may compromise cleanliness of the procedure and affect outcomes such as UTI. Limited studies were available exclusively on BPH and none on MS; however, most studies performed on mixed pathologies, including BPH and MS, indicated strong preference for HCICs compared to non-hydrophilic catheters.

Conclusions
The findings generally support HCICs over non-hydrophilic catheters; however, most studies were fairly small, often used a mix of pathologies, and the conclusions were often based on studies with high drop-out rates that were therefore underpowered. Larger studies are needed to support the general finding that HCICs are the preferred choice in most populations. Additional training in children or redesigned catheters may be necessary for this age-group to fully benefit from the advantages of HCICs.
Evaluation of the food effect on a drospirenone only contraceptive containing 4 mg administered with and without high-fat breakfast in a randomised trial
Authors: Regidor P.-A. , Richter W. H. , Koytchev R. , Kirkov V. , Colli E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the present trial was to assess the difference in pharmacokinetics (PK) of an oral test preparation containing 4 mg drospirenone (DRSP) under fasting conditions compared to PK upon food intake after single dose administration.MethodsOpen label, single centre, two-treatment, two-sequence, crossover study in 24 healthy female volunteers, with duration of 1 day per sequence and with a real wash-out period of 14 days to investigate the relative bioavailability of DRSP with both forms of administration. The 90% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the intra-individual ratio (test with food vs. without food) of the PK endpoints Area under the curve; 0–72 h [AUC(0-72 h)] and maximal plasma concentration [Cmax] of DRSP.ResultsThe 90% CI calculated by analysis of variance using logistic transformation (ANOVA-log) for the endpoint, intra-individual ratio (Test ‘A’ = with food intake) vs. Test ‘B’ = without food intake) of AUC(0-72 h) of drospirenone was between 104.72 and 111.36%. The 90% CI calculated by means of ANOVA- log for the endpoint intra-individual ratio (Test ‘A’ vs. Test ‘B’) of Cmax of DRSP was between 118.58 and 141.10%. The mean relative bioavailability of the test with food ‘A’ compared to the Test without food ‘B’ after single dose administration based on the endpoints AUC(0-72 h)was 107.99%; for the endpoint Cmax it was 129.35%.ConclusionsThe rate of absorption, based on the endpoint Cmax of DRSP was increased by about 30% under fed conditions. With respect to consumer habits, this may represent a relevant benefit for contraceptive safety, as the time span between food consumption and pill intake does not play a role.ImplicationsOur results suggest that the food intake has no impact on the absorption of 4 mg DRSP in the management of contraception. This increases the contraceptive efficacy as no interference with food is expected when consuming the oral formulation under real life conditions.Trail registration: Trial registration number: EudraCT-No: 2012–004,309-28.
Effects of nursing support workers participation on negative emotions, quality of life and life satisfaction of patients with cerebral hemorrhage: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Luo Qinglian , Luan Xingzhao , Xia Chengling , Hou Liming , Wang Qisheng , Zhao Mingkuan , Tang Hua , Zheng Haowen , He Haiping , Xiang Wei , Wang Jianmei , Zhou Jie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background

Due to the high nursing pressure of patients with cerebral hemorrhage and the general shortage of clinical nurses, nursing support workers often participate in clinical nursing work, but the influence of nursing support workers' participation on the negative emotion, quality of life and life satisfaction of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage is unknown.

Methods
This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest–posttest design. A total of 181 ICH patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to April 2022 were enrolled, including 81 patients receiving conventional care (CG control group) and 80 patients receiving nursing support worker participation (RG research group). All patients were recorded with self-perceived Burden Scale (SPBS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Quality of Life Scale (SF-36), Somatic Self rating Scale (SSS), Patient self-care ability assessment scale (Barthel) and Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) scores.

Results
Patients with high negative emotion were more willing to participate in clinical nursing work (p < 0.05). Nursing support workers involved in cerebral hemorrhage patients can alleviate negative emotions, improve life quality, improve life satisfaction (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The participation of nursing support workers can alleviate the negative emotions of ICH patients, enhance their self-management ability, and improve their life quality.
Effectiveness of flipped teaching on the knowledge and self-efficacy of nursing personnel in non-pharmacological pain management-aromatherapy: a quasi-experiment
Authors: Chiu Ching-Wen , Liu Chieh-Hsing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Aromatherapy is effective in treating pain; however, aromatherapy is not offered in formal nursing education in Taiwan. This study designed aromatherapy training courses for nurses using the flipped teaching approach and explored the effectiveness of the method, which can serve as a reference for future aromatherapy courses.

Methods
A quasi-experimental design and convenience sampling were adopted. The participants were nurses who had been employed for over one year in two hospitals in Taiwan. Forty nurses were included in the experimental and control groups. The intervention of this study was performed in February 2020. Nurses in the control group received one hour of introduction to the use of aromatherapy in pain management. This class was delivered using the traditional teaching method, during which a researcher served as the lecturer. Nurses in the experimental group received a 2.5-h flipped teaching course on aromatherapy. Two weeks before classroom activities, the nurses in the experimental group watched a 30-min aromatherapy concept video on an e-learning teaching platform. Thereafter, the nurses participated in two hours of classroom teaching in both groups. The course design included group discussions, mind mapping, case discussion, practice with essential oils, and do-it-yourself essential oil preparation.

Results
Pre- and post-test knowledge and self-efficacy in aromatherapy were assessed. There were no significant differences in the pre-test knowledge and self-efficacy scores between the two groups. The test was analyzed using a generalized estimating equation. Post-test knowledge and self-efficacy results showed that the change in scores in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group, indicating that flipped teaching improved the participants’ knowledge and self-efficacy in aromatherapy.

Conclusions
This study confirmed that flipped teaching was effective in helping nursing personnel learn aromatherapy. Implementation of aromatherapy by nurses in clinical practice and its impact on patient care should be further assessed.
Norwegian health personnel’s compliance with new legislation on children of ill parents: an exploratory cross-sectional multicentre study
Authors: Stavnes Kristin , Ruud Torleif , Benth Jūratė Šaltytė , Hanssen-Bauer Ketil , Weimand Bente M. , Solantaus Tytti , Hilsen Marit , Skogøy Bjørg Eva , Kallander Ellen Katrine , Kufås Elin , Peck Gro Christensen , Birkeland Bente , Hagen Kristine Amlund 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In 2010 the Norwegian Parliament introduced amendments to the Health Personnel Act requiring all health personnel to inform and offer help to their patients’ children and families. We evaluated whether health personnel adhered to their obligations outlined in the Act and investigated whether family and health services characteristics were associated with the degree of compliance with the legislation. Our study was part of a larger Norwegian multi-site study conducted in five health trusts across Norway, assessing the situation for families living with parental illness.

Method
A cross-sectional study using quantitative data obtained from 518 patients 246 children and 278 health personnel was performed. All informants completed a questionnaire, including an instrument corresponding to the obligations in the legislation. Descriptive analyses, factor analysis and logistic regression analysis were used.

Results
The legislation was only partially implemented in the clinics of the health trusts. Compared to estimates prior to the introduction of the new legislation, the situation had improved somewhat, but much work remains to be done to fulfil the obligations decreed by law. The more time-consuming the obligations were, the less often they were met. The substance abuse and mental health services followed up on their obligations to a greater extent than did the physical health services. Conversely, children of physically ill parents were better informed by their families than were children of parents with mental health and substance abuse disorders. When asked the same questions, reports from health personnel were more positive compared to those of children and patients regarding the legislation’s fulfillment.

Conclusion
Data suggest that there has been a change in the support offered to children of ill parents. Additional work is required, however, for the Health Personnel Act to function as fully intended.
Recent advances in vitamin D implications in chronic respiratory diseases
Authors: Gaudet Mellissa , Plesa Maria , Mogas Andrea , Jalaleddine Nour , Hamid Qutayba , Al Heialy Saba 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChronic airway inflammatory and infectious respiratory diseases are the most common medical respiratory conditions, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) deficiency has been shown to be highly prevalent in patients with chronic airway inflammatory and infectious diseases, correlated with increased disease severity. It has been established that vitamin D modulates ongoing abnormal immune responses in chronic respiratory diseases and is shown to restrict bacterial and viral colonization into the lungs. On the contrary, other studies revealed controversy findings regarding vitamin D efficacy in respiratory diseases. This review aims to update the current evidence regarding the role of vitamin D in airway inflammation and in various respiratory diseases. A comprehensive search of the last five years of literature was conducted using MEDLINE and non-MEDLINE PubMed databases, Ovid MEDLINE, SCOPUS-Elsevier, and data from in vitro and in vivo experiments, including clinical studies. This review highlights the importance of understanding the full range of implications that vitamin D may have on lung inflammation, infection, and disease severity in the context of chronic respiratory diseases.
Effect of timing of bronchodilator therapy initiation on exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yamada Hideyasu , Matsumoto Isao , Makita Naoyuki , Arita Yoshifumi , Hayashi Nobuya , Mitsuoka Kurena , Tashiro Naoki , Hizawa Nobuyuki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The benefit of prompt vs delayed treatment initiation with inhaled long-acting bronchodilators in reducing exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate if long-acting bronchodilator therapy initiation within 30 days of COPD diagnosis reduces exacerbation risk in patients with COPD.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with COPD based on claims and electronic medical records data extracted from the Real World Data database. The index date (day 0) was the date of the first confirmed inpatient or outpatient COPD diagnosis between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2018. Patients with COPD without an asthma diagnosis and aged ≥ 40 years at the index date were included. Patients who initiated inhaled long-acting bronchodilator therapy within the first 30 days (day 0 to day 29) were categorized into the “prompt therapy” group and the rest into the “delayed therapy” group. Time from day 30 post-diagnosis to the first exacerbation and annual exacerbation rate (AER) were evaluated for the overall population and those stratified by COPD phenotype, including chronic bronchitis (CB) and emphysema.

Results
Compared with the delayed therapy group (n = 1516), time to first exacerbation was prolonged (hazard ratio 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.70, 0.87]) and annual rates of moderate or severe exacerbations were lower (rate ratio 0.74; 95% CI [0.65, 0.84]) in the prompt therapy group (n = 1466). Similarly, time to first exacerbation was prolonged and AERs were lower in the prompt therapy group in the subgroups of patients with CB or emphysema.

Conclusions
This is the first study to demonstrate a prolonged time to first exacerbation upon initiation of long-acting bronchodilators within 30 days of COPD diagnosis. A beneficial effect was also observed in patients with CB and emphysema. Our data support advising patients to initiate long-acting bronchodilators soon after COPD diagnosis.
Combining a nanoparticle-mediated immunoradiotherapy with dual blockade of LAG3 and TIGIT improves the treatment efficacy in anti-PD1 resistant lung cancer
Authors: Hu Yun , Paris Sébastien , Bertolet Genevieve , Barsoumian Hampartsoum B. , He Kewen , Sezen Duygu , Chen Dawei , Wasley Mark , SILVA Jordan DA , Mitchell Joylise A. , Voss Tiffany A. , Masrorpour Fatemeh , Leyton Claudia Kettlun , Yang Liangpeng , Leuschner Carola , Puebla-Osorio Nahum , Gandhi Saumil , Nguyen Quynh-Nhu , Cortez Maria Angelica , Welsh James W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
While improvements in immunoradiotherapy have significantly improved outcomes for cancer patients, this treatment approach has nevertheless proven ineffective at controlling the majority of malignancies. One of the mechanisms of resistance to immunoradiotherapy is that immune cells may be suppressed via the myriad of different immune checkpoint receptors. Therefore, simultaneous blockade of multiple immune checkpoint receptors may enhance the treatment efficacy of immunoradiotherapy.

Methods
We combined NBTXR3-enhanced localized radiation with the simultaneous blockade of three different checkpoint receptors: PD1, LAG3, and TIGIT, and tested the treatment efficacy in an anti-PD1-resistant lung cancer model in mice. 129 Sv/Ev mice were inoculated with fifty thousand αPD1-resistant 344SQR cells in the right leg on day 0 to establish primary tumors and with the same number of cells in the left leg on day 4 to establish the secondary tumors. NBTXR3 was intratumorally injected into the primary tumors on day 7, which were irradiated with 12 Gy on days 8, 9, and 10. Anti-PD1 (200 µg), αLAG3 (200 µg), and αTIGIT (200 µg) were given to mice by intraperitoneal injections on days 5, 8, 11, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42.

Results
This nanoparticle-mediated combination therapy is effective at controlling the growth of irradiated and distant unirradiated tumors, enhancing animal survival, and is the only one that led to the destruction of both tumors in approximately 30% of the treated mice. Corresponding with this improved response is robust activation of the immune response, as manifested by increased numbers of immune cells along with a transcriptional signature of both innate and adaptive immunity within the tumor. Furthermore, mice treated with this combinatorial therapy display immunological memory response when rechallenged by the same cancer cells, preventing tumor engraftment.

Conclusion
Our results strongly attest to the efficacy and validity of combining nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy and simultaneous blockade of multiple immune checkpoint receptors and provide a pre-clinical rationale for investigating its translation into human patients.

Graphical Abstract