bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Fire Throttling in Longitudinally Ventilated Tunnels With a One-dimensional Model
Authors: Ang Chin Ding , Peiró Joaquim , Riess Ingo , Rein Guillermo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFire throttling is the increase in flow resistance due to a large fire in a longitudinally ventilated tunnel. Although the fire throttling effect has been been known and studied for tunnels over the last 40 years, there is not yet a consistent one-dimensional (1D) model that can describe this behaviour or a framework suitable for practical application. We propose a semi-empirical model, based upon pipe flow engineering principles, to describe this effect by separating the resistance to flow, or pressure loses in three parts: upstream of the fire, locally at the fire, and downstream of the fire. The proposed 1D model called TE1D is derived from a simple steady one-dimensional momentum balance in which a semi-empirical mean temperature distribution is assumed across the tunnel. We verify the model by comparing the pressures losses it predicts with those calculated in CFD simulations based on OpenFOAM and Fire Dynamics Simulator. The comparison shows good agreement between the CFD codes for the range of fires sizes considered from 5 to 50 MW and good agreement between TE1D and the CFD results with the proposed 1D model for fire sizes below 30 MW. However, for values above there are large discrepancies between the results obtained by the TE1D and CFD. We posit as a potential explanation that these differences are due to flow and temperature stratification which is not accounted for in the 1D model. The model using pipe flow principles allows engineers to adopt this model for design, together with other pressure losses considered in tunnel ventilation.
Nature-based tourism as therapeutic landscape in a COVID era: autoethnographic learnings from a visitor’s experience in Iceland
Authors: Williams Allison , Ólafsdóttir Rannveig 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the few silver linings in the COVID pandemic has been a new appreciation for, interest in, and engagement with nature. As countries open, and travel becomes accessible again, there is an opportunity to reimagine sustainable nature-based tourism from a therapeutic landscape lens. Framed within the therapeutic landscape concept, this paper provides an autoethnographic account of a visitor’s experience of three different natural landscapes in Iceland shortly after the country’s fourth wave of the pandemic. It adds to the understanding of the healing effects of the multi-colored natural landscapes of Iceland. The natural landscapes of interest herein include: the southern part of the Westfjörd peninsula, Jökulsárlón glacial lagoon, and the Central Highlands. In totality, the natural, built and symbolic environments worked in synchronicity to produce three thematic results: restoration, awe and concern, all which provided reduced stress, renewed attention, as well as enhanced physical and psycho-social benefits for the autoethnographic visiting researcher. Implications of these restorative outcomes for sustainable nature-based tourism in a post-COVID era are discussed. This paper highlights how health and tourism geographers can work collaboratively to recognize, protect, and sustain the therapeutic elements of natural landscapes, recognized as a cultural ecosystem service. In so doing, such collaborations can positively influence sustainable nature-based tourism development and consumption through proper and appropriate planning and development of such tourism destinations.
Angle Kappa agreement between Scheimpflug tomography, combined placido Scheimpflug and combined slit scanning placido systems
Authors: Awad-Allah Mo’mena Ahmad A. , Gharieb Hesham Mohamed , Zaki Rania Gamal Eldin , Othman Ihab Saad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the measured or calculated angle Kappa using Oculus pentacam HR, Sirius and Orbscan III devices.

Patients and methods
A prospective randomized cohort study, conducted on 47 eyes of 47 healthy orthotropic individuals, with an age range of 18–50 years and a corrected Snellen’s distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 0.8 decimal or better. Angle Kappa is assessed directly using Orbscan® III software version 1.8.165.1. (Bausch and Lomb Rochester, New York, United States), while Pentacam® HR 1.21r.65 (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) and Sirius device (CSO, version 3.2.1.60, Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici, Florence, Italy) were used to calculate angle kappa indirectly.

Results
Least mean difference of estimated angle Kappa was between Orbscan and Pentacam devices (− 0.18° ± 1.8), and it was statistically insignificant (p value = 0.1294). Differences between both Orbscan and Sirius, and Pentacam and Sirius were statistically significant (p value = 0.0004 and < 0.0001 consecutively). Bland Altman analysis showed a 95% confidence interval between Orbscan III and Pentacam of − 3.76 to 3.4 and between Orbscan III and Sirius of − 3.79 to 2.26.

Conclusion
Pentacam parameters can be used as a reliable method to calculate angle kappa indirectly, without usage of any additional measurements from other machine. Sirius device parameters could also be used, but with less accurate results. A simple modification to those devices’ software to calculate it, and incorporate it in the printout is possible, and highly recommended.
For the love of insects: gardening grows positive emotions (biophilia) towards invertebrates
Authors: Vanderstock Amelie , Grandi-Nagashiro Cecilia , Kudo Gaku , Latty Tanya , Nakamura Shoko , White Thomas E. , Soga Masashi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs growing urban populations have fewer chances to experience nature, i.e., ‘the extinction of experience’, the subsequent loss of emotional affinities for biodiversity (biophilia) pose major challenges to environmental conservation. Gardening, as an everyday nature interaction and window into invertebrate ecological functioning may offer opportunities to develop biophilia. However, the associations between gardening and biophilia/biophobia towards invertebrates remains untested. We conducted an online survey (n = 443) with adults in Japan about their nature and gardening experiences, demographics, and species identification knowledge in relation to their biophilia (like) and biophobia (dislike, fear, and disgust) towards invertebrates. We also asked participants about their perceptions of invertebrates as ‘beneficials’ or ‘pests’. From responses, we ranked invertebrates according to the attitudes held towards them. We found that frequent gardeners were more likely to express biophilia and perceive invertebrates as beneficial, and generally less likely to express biophobia towards invertebrates. Frequency of visits to recreational parks, but not national/state parks was associated with increased biophilia and reduced dislike and fear of invertebrates. Our results suggest that gardening, in addition to localised nature experiences, acts as a possible pathway towards appreciation of invertebrate biodiversity. We recommend that policymakers and conservation organisations view urban gardening as a potential tool to minimise the negative impacts of the extinction of experience.Implications for insect conservationAs people are more likely to conserve what they love, finding ways to nurture positive attitudes towards insects is critical for the public support needed for successful insect conservation. Considering gardening is a relatively accessible form of nature connection even in cities, our findings of the association between gardening and biophilia towards invertebrates holds promise for potential pathways towards fostering support for insect conservation now and into the future.
Evaluation of the Temple Touch Pro™ noninvasive core-temperature monitoring system in 100 adults under general anesthesia: a prospective comparison with esophageal temperature
Authors: Bräuer Anselm , Fazliu Albulena , Brandes Ivo F. , Vollnhals Falk , Grote Rolf , Menzel Matthias 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPerioperative hypothermia is still common and has relevant complication for the patient. An effective perioperative thermal management requires essentially an accurate method to measure core temperature. So far, only one study has investigated the new Temple Touch Pro™ (Medisim Ltd., Beit-Shemesh, Israel). during anesthesia Therefore, we assessed the agreement between the Temple Touch Pro™ thermometer (TTP) and distal esophageal temperature (TEso) in a second study. After approval by the local ethics committee we studied 100 adult patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia. Before induction of anesthesia the TTP sensor unit was attached to the skin above the temporal artery. After induction of anesthesia an esophageal temperature probe was placed in the distal esophagus. Recordings started 10 min after placement of the esophageal temperature probe to allow adequate warming of the probes. Pairs of temperature values were documented in five-minute intervals until emergence of anesthesia. Accuracy of the two methods was assessed by Bland-Altman comparisons of differences with multiple measurements. Core temperatures obtained with the TTP in adults showed a mean bias of -0.04 °C with 95% limits of agreement within − 0.99 °C to + 0.91 °C compared to an esophageal temperature probe. We consider the TTP as a reasonable tool for perioperative temperature monitoring. It is not accurate enough to be used as a reference method in scientific studies, but may be a useful tool especially for conscious patients undergoing neuraxial anesthesia or regional anesthesia with sedation.Trial registration This study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: 00024050), day of registration 12/01/2021.
Identification of the Major Sex Pheromone Component of the Click Beetle Agriotes ferrugineipennis
Authors: Singleton Kendal , Gries Regine , van Herk Willem G. , Alamsetti Santosh K. , Lemke Emily , Furtado Kathleen , Gries Gerhard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSynthetic sex pheromone lures are useful tools to monitor and control populations of adult click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae). However, sex pheromones for Agriotes click beetle species native to North America have yet to be identified. Here we report the identification and field testing of the sex pheromone of Agriotes ferrugineipennis. Headspace volatiles from female beetles were collected on Porapak Q, and aliquots of Porapak extract were analyzed by gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and GC-mass spectrometry. 7-Methyloctyl 7-methyloctanoate (7Me7Me) emitted by females was more abundant and elicited much stronger responses from male antennae than the aldehydes octanal and nonanal and the ketone 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone. In a field experiment, captures of A. ferrugineipennis males in traps baited with candidate pheromone components exceeded those of unbaited control traps, on average by nearly 1,200 times. Neither the ketone nor the aldehydes as lure constituents appeared to alter captures of males in 7Me7Me-baited traps. We conclude that 7Me7Me is the major, and possibly the only, sex attractant pheromone component of female A. ferrugineipennis.
Comparative Evaluation of Water Resource Data Policy Inventories Towards the Improvement of East African Climate and Water Data Infrastructure
Authors: Garibay Victoria M. , Gitau Margaret W. , Kongo Victor , Kisekka James , Moriasi Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe recognized challenge of freely accessing climate and water data in East Africa poses a problem in undertaking relevant analytical studies and making informed water resources management decisions in the region. This study seeks to understand the defining characteristics of policies and distribution infrastructure, in the context of meteorological, water quantity, and water quality data, that determine whether or not a user will be able to freely and readily access existing data. An analysis was developed to quantify the information contained in legislation, official documents and websites, and similar textual resources from the study region and elsewhere to establish commonalities, potential trends, and patterns in the documentation behind data streams culminating successfully in a portal or database accessible by the public. A quantitative analysis was applied to discern overall patterns in what constitutes effective policy and to diagnose where there may be impediments in the path between data collection and its application. Generally, the foundational elements present in the documentation pertaining to most accessible data streams represented are: (1) known organization in charge of that data type; (2) known location where this data would be stored; (3) defined data collection format; and (4) commitment to a plan for making data available to potential users. Examination of overlap between elements absent in unsuccessful data streams and present in successful data streams suggests that those without a documented commitment to making data available online rarely result in a functioning, accessible portal and vice versa. Amongst other findings, this knowledge has the potential to contribute towards the development and refinement of policies so that more emphasis is placed on openness and access, leading to informed decision-making and management of water resources.
How to measure the status quo bias? A review of current literature
Authors: Godefroid Marie-E. , Plattfaut Ralf , Niehaves Björn 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Status Quo Bias (SQB) describes an individual's preference to avoid changes and maintain the current situation. In today’s world, technological advances require nearly constant change within organizations. Thus, SQB can become an issue when it hinders progress. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how this effect can be reliably measured and, even more importantly, what countermeasures to employ. Prior research has focused more on individual measuring approaches and less on countermeasures. As researchers across different research fields have studied this bias, we conduct a literature review spanning different scholarly fields. This broader research focus allows us to identify four measurement approaches and 13 countermeasures along the three aspects of cognitive misperception, rational decision making, and psychological commitment of SQB. Our overview consolidates existing knowledge and will hopefully be the starting point for researchers to start combating this bias where needed. Successful and proven countermeasures can, for example, increase the acceptance and adoption of digital innovations and technology in general and thereby allow organizations to capitalize on their investments.
Thermodynamics of Gallium (Ga) at Black Copper Smelting Conditions Relevant to E-Waste Processing
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Mehedi , Rhamdhani M. Akbar , Brooks Geoffrey A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Electronic waste (E-waste) is considered as a hazardous material, however, it also contains valuable elements, including gallium (Ga). E-waste can be processed through the black copper smelting to recover these valuable elements. However, the detailed thermodynamics behavior of many of the valuable elements during black copper smelting has not been studied comprehensively. This study aims to investigate the thermodynamics of Ga in copper and slag at black copper smelting conditions. High-temperature equilibrium experiments were carried out to measure the distribution ratio of Ga in Fe2O3–CaO–SiO2 slag and copper at temperature range of 1300 °C to 1450 °C (1573 K to 1723 K) and partial pressure of oxygen (p
O2) of 10–6 to 10–11 atm. The effect of FeT/SiO2 ratio and basicity (measured as CaO/SiO2) of the slag on the distribution ratio of Ga were also investigated. The partitioning of Ga into the copper phase was found to increase with decreasing oxygen partial pressure, and with increasing temperature, FeT/SiO2 ratio and basicity. The study revealed that a basic slag at higher temperature and at a reducing atmosphere was favorable to increase Ga partitioning to the copper.
Solving flexible job shop scheduling problems in manufacturing with Quantum Annealing
Authors: Schworm Philipp , Wu Xiangqian , Glatt Moritz , Aurich Jan C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQuantum Annealing (QA) is a metaheuristic for solving optimization problems in a time-efficient manner. Therefore, quantum mechanical effects are used to compute and evaluate many possible solutions of an optimization problem simultaneously. Recent studies have shown the potential of QA for solving such complex assignment problems within milliseconds. This also applies for the field of job shop scheduling, where the existing approaches however focus on small problem sizes. To assess the full potential of QA in this area for industry-scale problem formulations, it is necessary to consider larger problem instances and to evaluate the potentials of computing these job shop scheduling problems while finding a near-optimal solution in a time-efficient manner. Consequently, this paper presents a QA-based job shop scheduling. In particular, flexible job shop scheduling problems in various sizes are computed with QA, demonstrating the efficiency of the approach regarding scalability, solutions quality, and computing time. For the evaluation of the proposed approach, the solutions are compared in a scientific benchmark with state-of-the-art algorithms for solving flexible job shop scheduling problems. The results indicate that QA has the potential for solving flexible job shop scheduling problems in a time efficient manner. Even large problem instances can be computed within seconds, which offers the possibility for application in industry.
Hydrodynamic Performance Analysis of a Submersible Surface Ship and Resistance Forecasting Based on BP Neural Networks
Authors: Wan Yuejin , Hou Yuanhang , Gong Chao , Zhang Yuqi , Zhang Yonglong , Xiong Yeping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper investigated the resistance performance of a submersible surface ship (SSS) in different working cases and scales to analyze the hydrodynamic performance characteristics of an SSS at different speeds and diving depths for engineering applications. First, a hydrostatic resistance performance test of the SSS was carried out in a towing tank. Second, the scale effect of the hydrodynamic pressure coefficient and wave-making resistance was analyzed. The differences between the three-dimensional real-scale ship resistance prediction and numerical methods were explained. Finally, the advantages of genetic algorithm (GA) and neural network were combined to predict the resistance of SSS. Back propagation neural network (BPNN) and GA-BPNN were utilized to predict the SSS resistance. We also studied neural network parameter optimization, including connection weights and thresholds, using K-fold cross-validation. The results showed that when a SSS sails at low and medium speeds, the influence of various underwater cases on resistance is not obvious, while at high speeds, the resistance of water surface cases increases sharply with an increase in speed. After improving the weights and thresholds through K-fold cross-validation and GA, the prediction results of BPNN have high consistency with the actual values. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for the optimal design of the resistance of SSS in practical applications.
Extrem rechte Einflussnahmen auf die Soziale Arbeit
Authors: Krüger Christine , Jagusch Birgit , Gille Christoph , Wéber Júlia 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungIn den Handlungsfeldern der Sozialen Arbeit in Deutschland lassen sich vielerorts Beispiele dafür finden, wie extrem rechte Akteure versuchen, Einfluss auf die Soziale Arbeit zu nehmen. Dass es sich dabei um gezielte und strategisch angelegte Einflussnahmen handelt, belegen zwei empirische Studien, die zwischen 2019 und 2021 in Nordrhein-Westfalen und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern durchgeführt wurden. Sie legen systematische Erkenntnisse zu den extrem rechten Einflussnahmen in der Sozialen Arbeit vor. Der Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in Forschungskontexte und Design der vorliegenden zwei Studien. Anschließend werden ausgewählte Befunde aus beiden Bundesländern vorgestellt; sie geben Aufschluss über die Formen extrem rechter Einflussnahmen in der Sozialen Arbeit und über die Bedingungen, die diese Einflussnahmen begünstigen.
Relations of the german almost perfect scale-revised and short almost perfect scale with the big five personality facets
Authors: Stricker Johannes , Simonsmeier Bianca A. , Buecker Susanne , Simacek Thomas , Wang Kenneth 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R) and its short form (SAPS) are among the most-established multidimensional perfectionism measures. Yet, investigations into the APS-R/SAPS nomological networks have mainly been limited to the level of broader personality traits. This reliance on trait-level associations hampers the conceptual understanding of perfectionism traits by masking more complex relations with specific cognitive, emotional, and behavioral tendencies (personality facets). In this study, we validated German versions of the APS-R and SAPS and assessed their relations with the Big Five personality facets in two samples (NSample 1 = 305 university students; NSample 2 = 467 community adults). Both scales displayed satisfactory psychometric properties, convergent and criterion-related validity. Analyses on the level of the Big Five personality facets revealed complex and nuanced patterns of relations. These findings provide new insights into the APS-R and SAPS nomological networks and facilitate the conceptual distinction between the APS-R subscales.
Examining the effects of English as a foreign language student-writers’ metacognitive experiences on their writing performance
Authors: Sun Qiyu , Zhang Lawrence Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLearners’ metacognitive competencies play a vital role in affecting their learning outcomes, especially for language learners who need to write in English as a foreign language (EFL). Much research has widely explored writers’ metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive strategies in EFL learning contexts, yet the role of metacognitive experiences in writing is underexplored. To fill this gap, we conducted this study to investigate the effects of EFL student-writers’ metacognitive experiences on their writing performance with reference to complexity, accuracy, and fluency. A total of 435 EFL student-writers at a university were invited to complete two writing tasks and the EFL Learners’ Writing Metacognitive Experiences Questionnaire (EFLLWMEQ). Findings of structural equation modelling showed that metacognitive estimates of EFL writing had a significant positive effect on lexical complexity and fluency but a negative effect on writing accuracy. Metacognitive feelings of EFL writing were positively related to syntactic complexity, and online metacognitive strategies of EFL writing also positively contributed to writing accuracy. The findings shed light on the theoretical and pedagogical implications for the role of metacognition in learning to write in EFL.
Rhipidoglossum pareense (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), a new species from Tanzania
Authors: Cribb P. J. , Hemp A. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryRhipidoglossum pareense, a new species, is described from the Pare mountains of NE Tanzania and compared with R. leedalii (P.J.Cribb) Farminhão & Stévart. Its habitat requirements and conservation status are assessed.