bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on General Hospital Physicians Work and Mental Health: An International Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Telles Correia D. , Novais F. , Mattei G. 
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 pandemic had an important impact in mental health across all countries and populations. However, health care professionals, particularly those in the front line have been subjected to increased levels of stress, workload, deterioration of work environment and working conditions while potentially being afraid of contracting the infection themselves or infecting love ones due to the higher risk of contagion when dealing with infected patients. Some studies have stressed out this impact showing increased levels of burnout, depression, hopelessness, stress and post-traumatic stress in all physicians however, the impact of the pandemic may have been different depending on the specialty. We intended to study the impact of COVID-19 pandemic for doctors working at general hospitals and liaison psychiatrists dealing with COVID-19 patients in Europe. We developed and applied online questionnaires to physicians working at general hospitals and psychiatrists working at liaison services, in different European countries (Portugal, Italy, Belgium, Greece, Poland, Croatia), in order to determine what were their working conditions and it they reported mental health symptoms during the pandemic. This questionnaire included demographic data, questions about working conditions when dealing with general and COVID patients and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS). It was distributed thought email and social media platforms used by doctors. This work has been approved by each local Ethics committee and all participants signed an informed consent.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A case report and a literature review
Authors: De Juan Viladegut O. , Bioque M. , Ilzarbe L. , Andreu Gracia H. , Bueno Sanya L. , Olivier Mayorga L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNeuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) may be a life-threatening neurologic crisis primarily emerging as an idiosyncratic reaction to antipsychotic agent use, and characterized by a particular clinical syndrome of mental status alter, rigidity, fever and dysautonomia. Mortality results straightforwardly from the dysautonomic manifestations of the disease and from systemic complications.ObjectivesTo describe an unusual clinical case in order to determine the management regarding medication and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and provide an overview of NMS for the general practitioner with the most up-to-date information on etiology, workup, and management.MethodsWe report a case involving a 55-year-old man with paranoid schizophrenia disorder who presented with hyperthermia, hemodynamic instability, miosis, muscular rigidity, urinary incontinence, catatonic signs and mutism after combining several antipsychotics at the same time: long-acting injectable form of paliperidone, aripiprazol and haloperidol.ResultsGuidelines for specific medical treatments in NMS are based upon case reports and clinical experience. Generally used agents are dantrolene, bromocriptine, and amantadine. A conceivable approach is to start with benzodiazepines along with dantrolene in moderate or severe cases, followed by the addition of bromocriptine or amantadine. ECT is generally reserved for patients not responding to other treatments.ConclusionsNMS is an uncommon adverse drug reaction, with a multifactor pathophysiology and manifestation. Early diagnosis and interruption of antipsychotic therapy is the first-line treatment, followed by supportive care and pharmacotherapy. ECT is an effective treatment when supportive treatment together with pharmacotherapy fails. It could be considered first line in severe life-threatening situations. It is advisable to consider maintenance ECT due to the high risk of relapse.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Mental health in medical, dental and pharmacist students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Frajerman A. , Chaumette B. , Krebs M.-O. , Morvan Y. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHealth student’s mental health is considered a public health issue that dramatically increased with COVID 19’s pandemic. However, very few studies assessed the prevalence of mental health in medical, pharmacist, and dental students.ObjectivesOur goal was to assess mental health in health students from the same university one year after pandemic’s beginning and look at for associated factors.MethodsAn online survey was realized in Paris university which has the 3 specialties (medicine, pharmacy, and dental). We used the Hospitalization Anxiety and Depression scale, Composite International Diagnostic Interview - Short Form questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory (with 2 versions (Student survey and Human Services Survey). We also asked for 12 months of suicidal ideation, humiliation, sexual harassment, and sexual aggression. We did multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify Major Depressive Episode (MDE) associated factors.ResultsWe included 1925 students: 95 dental, 233 pharmacists, 541 medical preclinic, 587 medical clinic and 469 residents. Overall prevalence of 7-
days anxiety symptoms, 7-
days depressive symptoms, 12-month MDE, 12-month suicidal ideation, humiliation, sexual harassment and sexual aggression were 55%, 23%, 26%, 19%, 19%, 22% and 6% respectively. There were significative differences between groups for anxiety and depressive symptoms and MDE (p<0.001 for all). Associated factors to MDE in multivariable logistic regression were humiliation (OR=1.71, IC95[1.28-2.28]), sexual harassment (OR=1.60, IC95[1.19-2.16]), sexual abuse (OR=1.65, IC95[1.04-2.60])) and moderate (OR=1.49, IC95[1.17-1.90]) or important (OR=2.32, IC95[1.68-3.20]) subjective financial difficulties.ConclusionsHealth student’s prevalence of psychiatric symptoms is significant, but it seems possible to intervene on several risk factors.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
General principles of pharmacotherapy selection in elderly patients for different comorbidities
Authors: Stuhec M. 
Published: September 2022

According to the data, more than 50% of elderly patients with mental disorders have at least one comorbidity and are treated with multiple medications (e.g. 5 or more medications), which can lead to problems in medication selection and medically unnecessary polypharmacy (i.e., irrational polypharmacy). On the other hand, there are still many untreated patients, which can lead to severe disturbances and an excess death rate. Due to frequent comorbidities and treatments in the elderly, medication-related problems are very frequent. Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between somatic medications and psychotropics often occur in this population. These patients are also excluded from many clinical trials and consequently, this age group is underrepresented in clinical guidelines, which leads to a lack of evidence-based medicine supported results useful for daily practice. In this context, prudent medication selection is a key step in pharmacotherapy selection. There are some tools available that can help in clinical practice, including different medication lists (e.g., Beers criteria, STOPP/START, and guidelines) and pharmacological recommendations.The participants will learn about general recommendations on medication selection in this population, focusing on general principles on somatic comorbidities treatment, supported by evidence-based data and real clinical pharmacological tools useful for daily practice.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Determinants of burnout in the service of gynecology Mahdia: about 122 cases
Authors: Faouel N. , Ben Soussia R. , Haboub F. , Kacem M. , Bouali W. , Haj Mohamed A. , Zarrouk L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Burnout syndrome occurs preferentially in individuals subjected to intense stress conditions. The nursing staff in Obstetrics Gynecology is an example of this.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of Burnout and its determinants in the obstetrics gynecology service - Mahdia.MethodsWe conducted an analytical cross-sectional study carried out with the medical and paramedical staff of the gynecology-obstetrics department of the Taher Sfar Mahdia hospital during a period of 3 months.We used a pre-established self-questionnaire containing 2 parts: a part exploring the socio-demographic data of the population and a psychometric part evaluating Burnt out using the “Maslach Burnout” scale inventory ”.ResultsOur sample consisted of 122 medical and paramedical personnel.The sex ratio was 4.3 (99/23), the mean age was 30.5 with values ranging from 25 to 55 years.Of the participants, 59 (48.3%) were single .Nine (7.4%) of the participants were smokers and 2 (1.6%) consumed alcohol.The majority of the population (96.7%) did not have a psychiatric history, 88 (80.3%) reported an organ history.A high level of burnout was noted in 64.8% of our population with 14.8% severe burnout. The presence of burnout was significantly associated with the consumption of psychoactive substances (p = 0.05) and professional rank (p = 0.04) .Nurses, residents and senior doctors werethose most at risk of developing burnout. It was also significantly related to the absence of other professional activities such as research (p = 0.05) and training continuing medical care (p = 0.05).ConclusionsPsychological intervention strategies with these suffering health promoters would be desirable.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The field of psychiatry is in crisis. The case for causal modelling in observational data as a supplement to psychiatric epidemiology and clinical trials
Authors: Mykletun A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe field of psychiatry is in a crisis. Developments in pharmacology and psychotherapy, reforms in services, increased spending and reduced treatment-gap have not substantially improved prognosis for patients in psychiatry. Mental disorder remains lethal short-term and disabling long term. In comparison, prognosis has improved dramatically in oncology and cardiology. Controversies in psychiatry are causing variation in clinical practice between hospitals, even within single-provider health systems. There is, for example, variation in rates of ADHD, use of coercive measures, and medication (type of drugs, dose and duration of medication). Current empirical methods are incapable of solving the major controversies in psychiatry. Epidemiology struggles with residual confounding, bias and reverse causality. Randomized controlled trials are expensive and time-consuming. Ethics may also be a barrier for clinical studies investigating variation in clinical practice. From a health management point of view, variation in clinical services within a single-provider system is usually indicative of variation in quality. However, the variability in service delivery caused by these controversies creates a lottery-like situation for the individual patient, who is generally unaware of the crisis in psychiatry, and blinded to the ongoing lottery.ObjectivesWe will present a third empirical approach beyond randomized controlled trials and epidemiology which may help solve the crisis.MethodsA systematic review of preference-based instrument variable analyses.ResultsWe identified relevant high quality 185 studies, though almost none in mental health.ConclusionsCausal modelling in observational data has potential as a third paradigm beyond RCTs and epidemiology, and may help solve the crisis in psychiatry.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Improving quality of life with nutritional supplementation in Schizophrenia: A literature review
Authors: Hassan N. , Dumlao N. , Tran K. , Zamiri A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental health disorder, affecting 20 million people worldwide. Diet is a social determinant of health and is among one of the modifiable prognostic factors for schizophrenics. Previous research in nutritional psychiatry has shown that a balanced and healthy diet in this patient population has the potential to improve cognition, decrease positive and negative symptoms of the disease, and improve the overall metabolic profile.1,3Objectives
To understand the evidence on the role that nutritional supplements play in improving quality of life in Schizophrenia by improving cognitive symptoms and decrease mortality by decreasing chances of metabolic syndrome and CVD. Demonstrate how certain supplements can improve cognitive symptoms, and decrease positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenicsMethodsPubMed was used to search for articles within the past 10 yearsResultsA total of 29 articles were initially generated, of which only 5 fit the search criteria. Each specific search produced more articles, and after carefully reading each, a total of 14 articles was determined to fit the criteria. All, but two articles included PANSS score assessment. The studies on vitamin D, cycloserine and omega 3’s produced conflictingConclusionsSupplementation of vitamin D, Konjac powder, D-cycloserine, sarcosine, and omega 3’s have the potential to improve symptomatology and enhance the quality of life of schizophrenics. D-serine and sodium benzoate have not been shown to be effective adjunctive treatments in schizophrenia. Due to a limited number of studies for each, more research is indicated to truly determine the public health significance.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Internet addiction in light of social connectedness and connectedness to nature
Authors: Gawrych M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Internet increasingly influences the lives of people in pandemic times. Although there are many positives, there are also risks related to excessive use and addiction. Internet addiction subject has been explored worldwide.ObjectivesThe aim of this pilot study was to analyze the relationships between social connectedenss, connectedness to nature and the occurrence of Internet addiction.Methods

The data were collected from a group of 200 young adults. A cross-sectional observational study using an online questionnaire was conducted via social media. The semi-structured online questionnaire covered the following areas: (1) general sociodemografic data; (2) Internet usage, measured by Generalized and Problematic Internet Use Scale (GPIUS2) (Caplan, 2002), Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS-SF9) (Pontes & Griffiths, 2015), the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) (Andreassen et al., 2012); (3) nature conectedness, measured by the Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) (Mayer, Frantz, 2004); (4) social connectedness, measured by the Social Connectedness Scale Revised (SCS) (Lee et al., 2001); (4) psychological impact and mental health, measured by Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) and (5) psychological features, such as coping strategies (Mini-COPE, Carver et al.,1989) and personality traits (TIPI -Gosling, Rentfrow, Swann Jr., 2003)ResultsThe detailed results and key findings will be presented during the congress.Conclusions
As the research of the desribed area is insufficient so far, this pilot study may provide a significant contribution to the knowledge on new aspects of internet addictions’ mechanisms. Moreover, it is predicted that our result may have scientific influence on both research in connectedness and eco-psychology.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychological model of hierarchical classification for body regulation practices
Authors: Nikolaev E. , Petunova S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBody image dissatisfaction entails an activity, which is nothing else but an attempt for deliberate regulation of their body. It has different kinds and manifestations. Most researchers focus on such body regulation practices as weight control, muscles build-up, or cosmetic surgery.ObjectivesOur goal is to work out a psychological hierarchical model of body regulation practices aimed at abating a person’s dissatisfaction with their body image.MethodsUsing a method of agglomerative hierarchical clustering, we carried out a multivariate classification of 122 respondents’ answers to the Body Regulation Practices Survey (E. Nikolaev), which allows establishing the frequency of the respondents’ use of each of the 11 variants of body regulation practices offered in the survey.ResultsBased on the results of 11 variables of a dendrogram, we established two data arrays, combining correspondingly 4 and 7 versions of body regulation practices. The first array comprises two pairs of clusters – physiological practices and weight control, as well as practices of personality and spiritual development. We identified it as “developmental body regulation practices”. The second array includes two paired clusters – aesthetic medicine and body modifications; image making and hetero-aggressive practices. Merging with the four practices mentioned above on a higher level of the hierarchy are auto-aggressive and inertial practices. We identified this array as “compensatory – non-adaptive body regulation practices”.ConclusionsThe devised model can become the basis for further advanced research in the area of body regulation in cases of dissatisfaction with body image.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
the impact of shared medical decision making on patient satisfaction in psychiatry
Authors: Razki K. , Zgueb Y. , Aissa A. , Ouali U. , Jomli R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe era of the paternalisation of the patient is over, gradually giving way to new models, in particular that of “shared medical decision making”, with the aim of responding to the growing desires of the patient and giving priority to his autonomy.Objectivesto establish the influence of the new active position of the patient in the therapeutic process on the satisfaction of the psychiatric patient.MethodsThis is a descriptive cross-sectional study that took place over a period of 5 months from April 2019 to August 2019 in two university hospital psychiatry departments of Razi Hospital in Tunisia . The questionnaire was administered outside any period of hospitalisation, in order to increase the reliability of responses. We used a pre-established form including socio-demographic data, clinical data concerning the patient’s mental disorder followed by a patient satisfaction questionnaire regarding the quality of care received in a psychiatric setting.ResultsThe patients interviewed in our study reported a good level of satisfaction (67.5%) with their involvement in the therapeutic process. However, 45.5% of the patients expressed dissatisfaction with the information provided to them by their doctor about their mental health status. The majority of the subjects surveyed expressed satisfaction with the quality of the interviews conducted during hospitalisation (71%) and with the time spent with the doctor (67%).ConclusionsDespite the fact that providing information to patients with mental health problems is a key element of patient satisfaction, not enough doctors actually include it in their daily practice.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Hospitalization time is associated with weight gain in forensic mental health patients
Authors: Pedersen A.L. , Gildberg F. , Hjorth P. , Højlund M. , Andersen K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPrevious studies have found substantial weight gains in forensic mental health patients (FMHP) during hospitalisation. However, previous studies have not compared in- and outpatients, thus the weight change could be a general change over time. Research on the association between proportional hospitalization time (PHT) and weight change is lacking.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between time hospitalized and weight change among FMHP.MethodsRetrospective cohort study including FMHP with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder treated in the Region of Southern Denmark between 01jan2016 and 06apr2020. Patient characteristics and data on body weight was extracted from electronic medical records. The association between PHT and weight change per year was analyzed using linear regression. PHT was determined between each measurement as the total number of days hospitalized divided by the total number of days. Analyses were adjusted for gender, age, smoking, and antipsychotic medication.ResultsThe cohort included 328 FMHP, of which 91% were diagnosed with schizophrenia. PHT had a significant positive dose-response association with weight change, with an estimated difference of +4.0 kg/year for FMHP who were hospitalized 100% of the time, compared to FMHP who were exclusively treated as outpatients. The associations were different for FMHP belonging to different categories of BMI at baseline (test for interaction; p=0.006). Underweight hospitalized FMHP had the largest difference in weight gain compared to FMHP treated outside hospitals (+18.0 kg/year, p=0.006), and the difference was smallest in obese FMHP (+2.3 kg/year, p=0.21).ConclusionsPHT was positively associated with weight change among FMHP.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Forensic psychiatry in Pakistan: Where next following the Supreme Court judgement
Authors: Hassan T. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNo statutory mental health services exist for justice-involved individuals in Pakistan. The lack of expertise in forensic psychiatry serves to deny individuals with mental illness the critical support needed for mental healthcare and adequate court dispositions with serious unintended consequences including capital punishment for those who could otherwise be deemed treatment and not punishment worthy. A landmark judgement by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in February 2021 criticized the lack of forensic psychiatry expertise in Pakistan and directing the development of forensic mental health services and forensic psychiatry training in Pakistan.ObjectivesThe key objectives are: 1. Understanding the timeline of how justice invloved individuals are manged by psychiatric services 2. The importance of the Supreme Court of Pakistan Judgement in affecting change 3. Highlights on how Queen’s University will enhance forensic psychiatry in PakistanMethodsA literature review and personal networking facilitated the collection of important data in how justice invloved individuals are supported in Pakistan. The author has published and presented to Pakistani psychiatrists and the Pakistani judiciary on this topic. Queen’s University is aiming to implement a 3-year plan to develop an online curriculum and certificate course to help train the trainers.ResultsIn the Pakistan’s most populous province, Punjab, prevalence rates for psychotic illnesses (3.7%), major depression (10%), and personality disorders (65%) among men with higher rates for psychotic disorders (4.0%) and major depression (12%) among women.ConclusionsIn conclusion there is a dire need to develop forensic psychiatry in Pakistan and other low/middle income countries.DisclosureNo significant relationships.