bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive review of microorganism‐derived cyclic peptides: Bioactive functions and food safety applications
Authors: Luo Jiaqi , Liu Siyu , Lu Hongyun , Chen Qihe , Shi Ying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCyclic peptides possess advanced structural characteristics of stability and play a vital role in medical treatment and agriculture. However, the biological functions of microorganism‐derived cyclic peptides (MDCPs) and their applications in food industry were relatively absent. MDCPs are derived from extensive fermented food or soil. In this review, the synthesis approaches and structural characteristics are overviewed, while the interrelationship between bioactivities and functions is emphasized. This review summarizes the bioactivities of MDCPs from in vitro to in vivo, including antimicrobial activities, immune regulation, and antiviral cell activation. Their multiple functions as well as applications during food product processing, packaging, and storage are also comprehensively reviewed. Remarkably, some potential risks and cytotoxicity of MDCPs are also critically discussed. Moreover, future applications of MDCPs in the development of novel food additives and bioengineering materials are organized. Based on this review of native MDCPs, it is noteworthy that expected improvements of synthetic cyclic peptides in bioactive properties present potential valuable applications in future food, including artificial meat.
Intelligent detection for fresh‐cut fruit and vegetable processing: Imaging technology
Authors: Tang Tiantian , Zhang Min , Mujumdar Arun S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFresh‐cut fruits and vegetables are healthy and convenient ready‐to‐eat foods, and the final quality is related to the raw materials and each step of the cutting unit. It is necessary to integrate suitable intelligent detection technologies into the production chain so as to inspect each operation to ensure high product quality. In this paper, several imaging technologies that can be applied online to the processing of fresh‐cut products are reviewed, including: multispectral/hyperspectral imaging (M/HSI), fluorescence imaging (FI), X‐ray imaging (XRI), ultrasonic imaging, thermal imaging (TI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), terahertz imaging, and microwave imaging (MWI). The principles, advantages, and limitations of these imaging technologies are critically summarized. The potential applications of these technologies in online quality control and detection during the fresh‐cut processing are comprehensively discussed, including quality of raw materials, contamination of cutting equipment, foreign bodies mixed in the processing, browning and microorganisms of the cutting surface, quality/shelf‐life evaluation, and so on. Finally, the challenges and future application prospects of imaging technology in industrialization are presented.
Messages in online stock forums and stock price synchronicity: Evidence from China
Authors: Huang Can , Cao Yuqiang , Lu Meiting , Shan Yaowen , Zhang Yizhou 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOnline stock forums allow investors to share information and exchange opinions, which facilitates the incorporation of firm‐specific information into prices and reduces stock price synchronicity. However, prior research presents mixed evidence as to the value of messages in online forums. Using the information of the Eastmoney Guba online forum in China, we find a causal and negative relation between Guba messages and stock price synchronicity. The finding is robust after accounting for media reports and firm fixed effects and using both an instrumental variable analysis and an experimental design that exploits exogenous changes in the authenticity of Guba messages. We find the impact of Guba information is attributed to its roles in both information dissemination and investor interaction and is more pronounced for messages with a negative narrative tone. Additional tests suggest Guba messages improve firm information disclosure quality, reduce stock price crash risk and decrease stock return volatility synchronicity.
The effect of source animal age, decellularization protocol, and sterilization method on bovine acellular dermal matrix as a scaffold for wound healing and skin regeneration
Authors: Mansour Reyhaneh Nassiri , Karimizade Ayoob , Enderami Seyed Ehsan , Abasi Mozhgan , Talebpour Amiri Fereshteh , Jafarirad Abdolreza , Mellati Amir 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealing the full‐thickness skin wounds has remained a challenge. One of the most frequently used grafts for skin regeneration is xenogeneic acellular dermal matrices (ADMs), including bovine ADMs. This study investigated the effect of the source animal age, enzymatic versus non‐enzymatic decellularization protocols, and gamma irradiation versus ethylene oxide (EO) sterilization on the scaffold.MethodsADMs were prepared using the dermises of fetal bovine or calf skins. All groups were decellularized through chemical and mechanical methods, unless T‐FADM samples, in which an enzymatic step was added to the decellularization protocol. All groups were sterilized with ethylene oxide (EO), except G‐FADM which was sterilized using gamma irradiation. The scaffolds were characterized through scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile test, MTT assay, DNA quantification, and real‐time PCR. The performance of the ADMs in wound treatment was also evaluated macroscopically and histologically.ResultsAll ADMs were effectively decellularized. In comparison to FADM (EO‐sterilized fetal ADM), morphological, and mechanical properties of G‐FADM, T‐FADM, and CADM (EOsterilized calf ADM) were changed to different extents. In addition, the CADM and G‐FADM were thermally more stable than the FADM and T‐FADM. Although all ADMs were noncytotoxic, the wounds of the FADM, T‐FADM, and G‐FADM groups were contracted to almost 30.0% of the original area on day 7, significantly faster than the CADM (17.5% ± 1.7) and control (12.2% ± 1.59) groups. However, by day 21, all ADMs were mostly closed except for the untreated group (60.1 ± 1.8).ConclusionAltogether, fetal source and EO‐sterilized samples performed better than calf source and gamma‐sterilized samples unless in some mechanical properties. There was no added value in using enzymatic treatment during the decellularization process. Our results suggest that the age, decellularization, and sterilization methods of animal source should be selected based on the clinical requirements.
Using machine learning to analyze longitudinal data: A tutorial guide and best‐practice recommendations for social science researchers
Authors: Sheetal Abhishek , Jiang Zhou , Di Milia Lee 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article introduces the research community to the power of machine learning over traditional approaches when analyzing longitudinal data. Although traditional approaches work well with small to medium datasets, machine learning models are more appropriate as the available data becomes larger and more complex. Additionally, machine learning methods are ideal for analyzing longitudinal data because they do not make any assumptions about the distribution of the dependent and independent variables or the homogeneity of the underlying population. They can also analyze cases with partial information. In this article, we use the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey to illustrate the benefits of machine learning. Using a machine learning algorithm, we analyze the relationship between job‐related variables and neuroticism across 13 years of the HILDA survey. We suggest that the results produced by machine learning can be used to generate generalizable rules from the data to augment our theoretical understanding of the domain. With a technical guide, this article offers critical information and best‐practice recommendations that can assist social science researchers in conducting machine learning analysis with longitudinal data.
‘My room is like my sanctuary’: Exploring homelessness and home(un)making in the austere city
Authors: Paul Joshua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSince austerity policies in the UK began in 2010, homelessness has risen rapidly. Drawing from feminist geographical theories and methodologies, this paper examines experiences of homelessness under austerity in Haringey, London through photo‐elicitation research with one participant, Tessa. This paper argues that home(un)making—the constantly shifting balance of homemaking and unmaking—is central to everyday experiences of, and resistance to, austerity. The paper first demonstrates how Tessa resists austerity through practices of homemaking that enable her to cope with the difficulties of homelessness at a time of austerity. Next, it explores how Tessa's relationships with other actors in the homeless shelter—other residents and government officials—contributed to processes of home‐unmaking, exacerbating the hardships she experiences. By developing the concept of home(un)making, therefore, this paper aims to show the dynamism of home for homeless people under austerity.
The first case of robotic‐assisted transabdominal retrorectus repair for incisional hernia in Japan
Authors: Shimada Gen , Matsubara Taketo , Sanbonmatsu Mariko , Nakabayashi Rumi , Miyachi Yosuke , Taketa Takashi , Suzuki Akihiro , Yokoi Tadao , Kaido Toshimi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtraperitoneal mesh repair for ventral hernia has garnered attention and its rate has been increasing due to concerns for the potential complications of intraperitoneal mesh repair. Recently, robotic‐assisted ventral hernia repair is highlighted as a solution to the technically demanding nature of laparoscopic transabdominal or enhanced‐view totally extraperitoneal retrorectus ventral hernia repair. A 78‐year‐old man, who had undergone robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy 10 months earlier, presented with an incisional hernia of European Hernia Society Classification M3W2, length 4 cm, width 5 cm with rectus diastasis. A right single‐docking robotic‐assisted transabdominal retrorectus repair was performed using a 21 by 14 cm self‐gripping mesh and anterior wall reconstruction was done by 0 barbed nonabsorbable running suture. There were no complications and recurrence observed during a 7 months postoperative period. Single‐docking robotic‐assisted transabdominal retrorectus repair was considered a good option for midline moderate‐size incisional hernias from the point of view of the ease of suturing, adequateness of dissection and prevention of bowel injury.
Species dominance rather than complementarity drives community digestibility and litter decomposition in species‐rich Mediterranean rangelands
Authors: Kazakou Elena , Bumb Iris , Garnier Eric 
Published: September 2022

AbstractQuestionsManagement practices in permanent grasslands affect plant community structure and thus resources for both the herbivore and the decomposer subsystems. While their effects on digestibility or litter decomposition had been studied separately, few, if any, studies have tested the responses simultaneously and the underlying relationships with community functional structure. We tested whether the mass ratio hypothesis or the niche complementarity hypothesis held in scaling up from species to community level.LocationDry calcareous rangelands of southern France on a limestone plateau.MethodsWe measured digestibility and litter decomposability of 24 communities in three management regimes representing an intensification gradient corresponding to a combination of increased fertility and grazing. Key structural leaf traits (e.g. leaf dry‐matter content, LDMC) and chemical traits (e.g. leaf nitrogen content, LNC, and leaf neutral detergent fiber, LNDF) were measured as well as communities’ mean (i.e. community‐weighted mean, CWM) and variance (i.e. community‐weighted variance, CWV).ResultsDigestibility and litter decomposability were higher in intensively grazed and fertilized than in lightly grazed and abandoned communities. Increased nutrient availability combined with more intense grazing induced an increase in CWM LNC and a decrease in CWM LDMC and CWM LNDF. Communities in these regimes were less functionally diverse, with lower CWV LDMC and lower CWV LNDF.ConclusionsThe close relationship between digestibility and decomposability was maintained at the community level. Relationships between CWM, community digestibility and decomposability were more consistent across the management regimes than relationships with CWV, supporting the dominance rather than the complementarity hypothesis.
Female urinary incontinence in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Whiting Danielle , Shane Asiimwe Ian , Pope Rachel , Payne Stephen , Venn Suzie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUrinary incontinence (UI) is highly prevalent amongst women around the world. In this review article we explore UI, its consequences and treatment in sub‐Saharan Africa, providing specific examples from Uganda and Malawi. In sub‐Saharan Africa the prevalence of UI is difficult to assess because of the wide variation in reporting resulting from patients hiding their condition due to the associated stigma in many communities. Whilst much of the literature from low‐ or low‐middle‐income countries focuses on UI from pelvic floor fistula, recent evidence demonstrates that non‐fistulous stress, urgency and mixed UI are highly prevalent in sub‐Saharan Africa. Incontinence secondary to vesico‐vaginal fistula can be related to obstetric causes, mainly obstructed labour. The risk factors for non‐fistulous incontinence are similar to those identified in high‐income countries, including high parity, vaginal and assisted delivery, gestational age, constipation, obesity, chronic cough and ageing. Urinary incontinence has significant social and emotional consequences, with a high proportion of women in African countries reporting relationship problems, depression and suicidal ideation. There is poor understanding of the perceived aetiology of incontinence in sub‐Saharan Africa, which may, in part, act as a barrier for women to seek medical advice. Innovative solutions have been found to manage the large number of obstetric fistulas that are prevalent across Africa, but a lack of capacity in specialists trained to treat women with UI means that more doctors, medical officers and better resource prioritization will be required to help the, as yet unquantified, number of women with non‐fistulous leakage. Better patient peri‐natal education may reduce the incidence of fistula still further, especially if the stigma felt by women with incontinence is overcome and they are encouraged to seek treatment.
Targeted delivery of triptolide by dendritic cell‐derived exosomes for colitis and rheumatoid arthritis therapy in murine models
Authors: Rao Quan , Ma Guangchao , Li Meng , Wu Hao , Zhang Yixi , Zhang Congen , Ma Zhijie , Huang Luqi 
Published: September 2022

Background and PurposeTriptolide (TP) elicits a beneficial effect in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its multiorgan toxicity needs to be resolved. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the primary target of TP, which induces immunosuppression, and DC‐derived exosomes (DEX) can selectively enter DCs in vivo. Here, we encapsulated TP with DEX (DEXTP) to generate TP‐targeted delivery to reduce toxicity.Experimental ApproachThe effect of DEXTP was evaluated in murine colitis and RA models. Toxicity was examined by haematoxylin and eosin staining and serum biochemical marker detection. Affinity of DEXs for DCs was tracked by fluorescent labelling. The immune environment was evaluated and mimicked in vitro for further analysis of the mechanism.Key ResultsDEXTP effectively carried TP to DCs in vivo, and alleviated local inflammation and damage in colitis and RA mice with no obvious toxicity. Additionally, DEXTP reshaped the immune milieu by decreasing CD4+ T‐cell levels and increasing regulatory T‐cell levels in vivo. Furthermore, consistent T‐cell differentiation was observed in vitro, and DC activation was inhibited by alterations in surface factors and secrete cytokines, and by induction of apoptosis or other form of death.Conclusions and ImplicationsEncapsulating TP with DEX is a new method that both reduces the toxicity of TP and induces immunosuppression in UC and RA mice. The underlying immune mechanism involves DEXTP targeting DCs in vivo, to inhibit DC activation and induce DC apoptosis, which further induces T‐cell immunosuppression.
Real‐time daily fatigue, sleep, physical activity, and health‐related fitness in adults with cerebral palsy
Authors: Verschuren Olaf , Benner Joyce L. , Balemans Astrid C. J. , Horemans Herwin , Van Den Berg‐Emons Rita Johanna G. , Van Der Slot Wilma M. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo explore whether subgroups of adults with cerebral palsy (CP) with different fatigue diurnal profiles can be discerned, and to explore whether sleep, physical activity, or health‐related fitness are associated with these profiles.MethodThirty‐two adults (median age 29 years 8 months; range 20–54 years; 11 males, 21 females) with spastic CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I–III) with physical activity‐related fatigue complaints participated. Real‐time fatigue and physical activity were assessed for 7 consecutive days by short message service text four times during the day and by wearing an accelerometer respectively. Sleep was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and fitness by assessing body composition and aerobic capacity. Latent class growth modelling was used to classify subgroups according to their diurnal profiles of real‐time fatigue. Univariable multinomial logistic regression analysis explored whether participant characteristics, sleep, physical activity, or health‐related fitness were associated with diurnal profiles.ResultsThree distinct fatigue diurnal profiles were identified: stable low (n = 10), increasing (n = 14), and stable high (n = 8). Only aerobic capacity was associated with fatigue profiles (odds ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.34; p = 0.05).InterpretationFatigue in adults with CP may be low or high stable or may increase during the day. These findings indicate the relevance of assessing fatigue variability.What this paper adds

We found three patterns of daily fatigue in adults with cerebral palsy (CP).
Only aerobic capacity was associated with fatigue profiles in adults with CP.
Moment‐to‐moment variations in fatigue can help with personalized fatigue management.
Polymer‐derived β‐SiAlON:Eu2+ phosphors
Authors: Gao Yang , Iihama Junya , Hamana Daiki , Iwasaki Ryo , Honda Sawao , Asaka Toru , Kumari Munni , Hayakawa Tomokatsu , Bernard Samuel , Thomas Philippe , Iwamoto Yuji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA series of β‐SiAlON:Eu2+ phosphors were synthesized from single‐source precursors, perhydropolysilazane chemically modified with Al(OCH(CH3)2)3, AlCl3, and EuCl2. The single‐source precursors were converted to β‐SiAlON:Eu2+ phosphors by pyrolysis under flowing N2 or NH3 at 1000°C, followed by heat treatment at 1800°C under an N2 gas pressure at 980 kPa. By varying the molar ratio of the chemical modifiers, β‐SiAlON:Eu2+ with the compositions close to the theoretical ones expressed as Si6−zAlzOz−2yN8−z+2y:yEu2+ were synthesized, where the z values and Eu2+ contents were controlled in the ranges of .44–.78 and .35–1.48 mol%, respectively. The polymer‐derived β‐SiAlON:Eu2+ phosphors exhibited green emission under excitation at 460 nm attributed to the 4f7–4f6(7f3)5d1 transition of dopant Eu2+. High‐angle annular dark‐field‐scanning transmission microscopy analysis confirmed that the doped‐Eu2+ existed interstitially within the channels along the c axis of host β‐SiAlON. Compared with the conventional powder metallurgy route, the polymer‐derived ceramic route in this study offers some advantages in the grain growth of host β‐SiAlON and photoluminescence properties in terms of green emission intensity under excitation at 460 nm, and the highest intensity was achieved for the polymer‐derived β‐SiAlON:Eu2+ with z = .64 and .37 mol% Eu2+.
With complements: C3 inhibition in the clinic
Authors: Kolev Martin , Barbour Tara , Baver Scott , Francois Cedric , Deschatelets Pascal 
Published: September 2022

SummaryC3 is a key complement protein, located at the nexus of all complement activation pathways. Extracellular, tissue, cell‐derived, and intracellular C3 plays critical roles in the immune response that is dysregulated in many diseases, making it an attractive therapeutic target. However, challenges such as very high concentration in blood, increased acute expression, and the elevated risk of infections have historically posed significant challenges in the development of C3‐targeted therapeutics. This is further complicated because C3 activation fragments and their receptors trigger a complex network of downstream effects; therefore, a clear understanding of these is needed to provide context for a better understanding of the mechanism of action (MoA) of C3 inhibitors, such as pegcetacoplan. Because of C3's differential upstream position to C5 in the complement cascade, there are mechanistic differences between pegcetacoplan and eculizumab that determine their efficacy in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. In this review, we compare the MoA of pegcetacoplan and eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and discuss the complement‐mediated disease that might be amenable to C3 inhibition. We further discuss the current state and outlook for C3‐targeted therapeutics and provide our perspective on which diseases might be the next success stories in the C3 therapeutics journey.
Field strength effect on structure, hardness, and crack resistance in single modifier aluminoborosilicate glasses
Authors: Fry Aubrey L. , George Christy , Slagle Ian , Hawbaker Harry , Feller Steve , Kim Seong H. , Mauro John C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough the interactions among glass formers and modifiers, for example, connectivity and charge distribution, have been studied extensively in oxide glasses, the impact of a particular modifier species on the mechanical performance of aluminoborosilicate (ABS) glasses is not well understood. This work compares the indentation properties of six ABS glasses, each of which contains a different network modifier (NWM) with varying field strength (FS). Three alkali and three alkaline earth ABS glasses were designed with low NWM content and [NWM] ≈ [Al2O3], to test the modifier FS effect at low concentrations and to maximize three‐coordinated boron. It has been found that both hardness and crack resistance increase with increasing FS in these ABS systems, which is surprising in the context of historical reports. Using 11B, 27Al, and 29Si solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, this work provides evidence of how charge distributions differ as a function of NWM species, and how this relates to the observed indentation behaviors.
Effect of pressure on mechanical and optical properties of ThO2 and PuO2
Authors: Singh Shilpa , Sonvane Yogesh , Nekrasov Kiril A. , Kupryazhkin Anatoliy Ya. , Gajjar Pankaj N. , Gupta Sanjeev K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe have used DFT + U with spin–orbit coupling to understand the effect of pressure on the mechanical and optical properties of ThO2 and PuO2. Both the compounds are mechanically stable in a cubic and an orthorhombic structure. The cubic AnO2 has higher elastic constants and Bader charges on each atom than the orthorhombic AnO2. With an increase in pressure on cubic AnO2, elastic modulus increases for both the structures. Bader charge on AnO2 and magnetic moment of PuO2 decrease with an increase in pressure for cubic structure. The static refractive index and static dielectric function are higher for PuO2 in both the cubic and orthorhombic structures as compared to that in ThO2. The mechanical and optical properties drawn comply with the experimental outcomes.