bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and optical properties of a new Milarite type Na3Mg4LiSi12O30:Eu3+ phosphor
Authors: Giri Varadarajan Kanmani , Velladurai Ponnusamy , Govindan Rajkumar , Mundiyanikal Thomas Jose 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA new red‐emitting Eu3+ (1−17 mol%)‐doped Na3Mg4LiSi12O30 (NMLS) phosphor was prepared using a conventional solid‐state reaction method at low temperature. The prepared samples belong to a hexagonal structure with a good match to JCPDS card no. 73–0934. The photoluminescence (PL) emission spectrum showed an intense peak at 612 nm when excited at 393 nm. The variation of electric dipole transition (5D0–7F2) emission intensity with increasing Eu3+ ion concentration was investigated. The concentration quenching at 11 mol% is due to the dipole–dipole interaction mechanism in the NMLS host. The optimized NMLS:Eu3+phosphor shows 2.18 times higher luminescence intensity than the (Y,Gd)BO3 (YGB) commercial phosphor. The NMLS:Eu3+showed an intense red emission, having Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) coordinates (0.6280, 0.3691) and colour purity of 99.2%. The resulting phosphor exhibits good thermal stability of 80% at 423 K. The magnified images of fingerprint showed various minute features such as bridges, sweat pores, ridge end, bifurcation, island and core with better visualization under 393 nm excitation. Furthermore, the optimized NMLS:Eu3+ was used for pc‐LED, latent fingerprints, and anticounterfeit applications as a promising red phosphor.
Coupling riboflavin de novo biosynthesis and cytochrome expression for improving extracellular electron transfer efficiency in Shewanella oneidensis
Authors: Li Yan , Li Yuanyuan , Chen Yaru , Cheng Meijie , Yu Huan , Song Hao , Cao Yingxiu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractShewanella oneidensis MR‐1, as a model exoelectrogen with divergent extracellular electron transfer (EET) pathways, has been widely used in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The electron transfer rate is largely determined by riboflavin (RF) and c‐type cytochromes (c‐Cyts). However, relatively low RF production and inappropriate amount of c‐Cyts substantially impede the capacity of improving the EET rate. In this study, coupling of riboflavin de novo biosynthesis and c‐Cyts expression was implemented to enhance the efficiency of EET in S. oneidensis. First, the upstream pathway of RF de novo biosynthesis was divided into four modules, and the expression level of 22 genes in above four modules was fine‐tuned by employing promoters with different strengths. Among them, genes zwf*, glyA, and ybjU which exhibited optimal RF production were combinatorially overexpressed, leading to the enhancement of maximum output power density by 166%. Second, the diverse c‐Cyts genes were overexpressed to match high RF production, and omcA was selected for further combination. Third, RF de novo biosynthesis and c‐Cyts expression were combined, resulting in 2.34‐fold higher power output than the parent strain. This modular and combinatorial manipulation strategy provides a generalized reference to advance versatile practical applications of electroactive microorganisms.
The landscape of enhancer RNA identify prognosis‐related molecular subtypes in gastric cancer
Authors: Yan Aiting , Chen Ying , Bian Rongrong , Wang Cuizhu , Que Haitao , Shen Yucheng , Lu Xiaomin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundEnhancer RNAs (eRNAs), the transcriptional products of active enhancers, are of great significance in the initial progression of cancers. However, the biological function and bioinformatics profiles of eRNA in gastric cancer remains largely enigmatic.MethodsFirstly, STAD were clustered into three subtypes with the data of eRNA expression from TCeA. Then we explored the difference of the tumor immune microenvironment, transcription levels, and transcription regulation among the three clusters. Finally, samples collected from 12 patients diagnosed with STAD were used to conduct qRT‐PCR, verifying the conclusion based on network database.ResultsThe three clusters were detected to have different tumor microenvironments: Cluster A has an immune “cold” microenvironment. While cluster B features as more infiltration of immune cells, accompanied with higher expression of immune checkpoints such as PDCD1, LAG3, and TIGIT. Besides, Cluster C shows a higher stromal feature with B lineage, neutrophils, and fibroblasts. Further analyses indicated that CpG island methylation level of Cluster B is different from the other two clusters. Meanwhile, Cluster A and B showed significant enrichment of TP53 and KRAS mutation respectively while Cluster C has higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI). With the elaboration of transcriptional regulation of epigenetic clustering, we detected that Cluster A enriched in epithelial phenotype pathways. Cluster B enriched in cell–cell adhesion. Cluster C enriched in fibroblast proliferation. The clinical cohort show that Cluster B patients have lower interstitial cell characteristics and CAF infiltration.ConclusionWe identified three unique epigenetic clusters of STAD through the differential activation of super‐enhancers, and identified Cluster B with a higher immune infiltrating and a better prognosis, which provides a novel understanding of eRNAs and potential clinical applicability of eRNA‐based molecular subtypes in gastric cancer.
Applications and Limitations of Oxime‐Linked “Split PROTACs”
Authors: Gui Weijun , Kodadek Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProteolysis targeting chimeras are of keen interest as probe molecules and drug leads. Their activity is highly sensitive to the length and nature of the linker connecting the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase (E3 Ubl) and target protein (TP) ligands, which therefore requires tedious optimization. The creation of “split PROTACs” from E3 Ubl and TP ligands modified with residues suitable for them to couple when simply mixed together would allow various combinations to be assessed in a combinatorial fashion, thus greatly easing the workload relative to a one‐by‐one synthesis of many different PROTACs (proteolysis targeting chimeras). We explore oxime chemistry here for this purpose. We show that PROTAC assembly occurs efficiently when the components are mixed at a high concentration, then added to cells. However, in situ coupling of the TP and E3 Ubl ligands is inefficient when these units are added to cells at lower concentrations.
Intramolecular Covalent Bonds in Gram‐Positive Bacterial Surface Proteins
Authors: Ma Quan , Lei Hai , Cao Yi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGram‐positive bacteria experience considerable mechanical perturbation when adhering to host surfaces during colonization and infection. They have evolved various adhesion proteins that are mechanically robust to ensure strong surface adhesion. Recently, it was discovered that these adhesion proteins contain rare, extra intramolecular covalent bonds that stabilize protein structures and participate in surface bonding. These intramolecular covalent bonds include isopeptides, thioesters, and ester bonds, which often form spontaneously without the need for additional enzymes. With the development of single‐molecule force spectroscopy techniques, the detailed mechanical roles of these intramolecular covalent bonds have been revealed. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in this area of research, focusing on the link between the mechanical stability and function of these covalent bonds in Gram‐positive bacterial surface proteins. We also highlight the potential impact of these discoveries on the development of novel antibiotics and chemical biology tools.
VA‐ECMO‐assisted aspiration thrombectomy in a patient presenting with acute massive PE with absolute contraindications to thrombolytics
Authors: Patel Mit , Mujer Mark , John Alan , Darki Amir 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMassive pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life‐threatening complication of major surgery with a mortality rate up to 50%. First‐line therapy for massive PE is systemic thrombolytics, but surgical patients are at high bleeding risk with absolute contraindications. As surgical thrombectomy carries a high burden of morbidity and mortality, endovascular interventions are becoming more common in these clinical scenarios. We report a case of a neurosurgical patient whose postoperative course was complicated by massive PE and subsequent cardiac arrest that required emergent venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, followed by aspiration thrombectomy with the Inari FlowTriever Device (Inari Medical). The patient had immediate hemodynamic improvement with eventual recovery to baseline functional status.
Mo−N Bonds Effect Between MoSx Coupling With CoN For Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Liu Hai , Zhang Yueyang , Li Youji , Yang Mengxue , Li Yanbin , Jin Zhiliang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe facet‐engineered surface and interface design has attracted much attention in the preparation of efficient photocatalysts. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is used as the morphological modifier to prepare 3D MoSx in this work. Benefit by its suitable conduction band position and good conductivity, CoN accepts photo‐induced electrons from MoSx as an excellent electron acceptor in the form of active sites. With the addition of CoN, hydrogen evolution performance of MoSx has been greatly improved by building the Mo−N bond since the form of Mo−N bond successfully shorten electron transport routes. The reason for the improved hydrogen precipitation efficiency is demonstrated by PL, XPS, and electrochemical characterization. The H2 production activity of MoSx@CoN with the best mass ratio of MoSx to CoN is up to 7617.5 μmol/g/h, and the hydrogen production stability of MoSx@CoN is also considerable. These findings provide new insights for the preparation of highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution materials.
ZrO2/C Nanosphere Enables High‐Efficiency Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia at Ambient Conditions
Authors: Dong Shuyue , Xia Jiaojiao , Zhu Hexin , Du Xiangning , Gu Yang , Liu Qian , Luo Yonglan , Kong Qingquan , Guo Haoran , Li Tingshuai , Traversa Enrico 
Published: July 2022

AbstractElectrochemical synthesis of ammonia via nitrogen reduction reaction is a rational route to save energy and relieve pollution compared to the traditional Haber‐Bosch process. In this report, ZrO2 nanosphere derived from thermolysis of Zr‐based biphenyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid MOFs (ZrO2/C) as a non‐noble metal catalyst with large specific surface area and porous structure is proposed to fix nitrogen to ammonia at ambient conditions. Such catalyst achieves Faradaic efficiency of 11.86 % and a NH3 yield rate of 10.72 μg h−1 mg−1cat. at −0.6 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.1 M Na2SO4. First‐principles calculations confirm the alternating reaction at the catalyst surface.
Temperature Driven Transformation of the Flexible Metal–Organic Framework DUT‐8(Ni)
Authors: Ehrling Sebastian , Senkovska Irena , Efimova Anastasia , Bon Volodymyr , Abylgazina Leila , Petkov Petko , Evans Jack D. , Gamal Attallah Ahmed , Wharmby Michael Thomas , Roslova Maria , Huang Zhehao , Tanaka Hideki , Wagner Andreas , Schmidt Peer , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDUT‐8(Ni) metal–organic framework (MOF) belongs to the family of flexible pillared layer materials. The desolvated framework can be obtained in the open pore form (op) or in the closed pore form (cp), depending on the crystal size regime. In the present work, we report on the behaviour of desolvated DUT‐8(Ni) at elevated temperatures. For both, op and cp variants, heating causes a structural transition, leading to a new, crystalline compound, containing two interpenetrated networks. The state of the framework before transition (op vs. cp) influences the transition temperature: the small particles of the op phase transform at significantly lower temperature in comparison to the macroparticles of the cp phase, transforming close to the decomposition temperature. The new compound, confined closed pore phase (ccp), was characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques, such as IR, EXAFS, and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). Thermal effects of structural transitions were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), showing an overall exothermic effect of the process, involving bond breaking and reformation. Theoretical calculations reveal the energetics, driving the observed temperature induced phase transition.
Bottom‐up Synthesis of Water‐Soluble Gold Nanoparticles Stabilized by N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes: From Structural Characterization to Applications
Authors: Thomas Sophie R. , Yang Wenjie , Morgan David J. , Davies Thomas E. , Li Jiao Jiao , Fischer Roland A. , Huang Jun , Dimitratos Nikolaos , Casini Angela 
Published: July 2022

AbstractN‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become attractive ligands for functionalizing gold nanoparticle surfaces with applications ranging from catalysis to biomedicine. Despite their great potential, NHC stabilized gold colloids (NHC@AuNPs) are still scarcely explored and further efforts should be conducted to improve their design and functionalization. Here, the ‘bottom‐up’ synthesis of two water‐soluble gold nanoparticles (AuNP‐1 and AuNP‐2) stabilized by hydrophilic mono‐ and bidentate NHC ligands is reported together with their characterization by various spectroscopic and analytical methods. The NPs showed key differences likely to be due to the selected NHC ligand systems. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed small quasi‐spherical and faceted NHC@AuNPs of similar particle size (ca. 2.3–2.6 nm) and narrow particle size distribution, but the colloids featured different ratios of Au(I)/Au(0) by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the NHC@AuNPs were supported on titania and fully characterized. The new NPs were studied for their catalytic activity towards the reduction of nitrophenol substrates, the reduction of resazurin and for their photothermal efficiency. Initial results on their application in photothermal therapy (PTT) were obtained in human cancer cells in vitro. The aforementioned reactions represent important model reactions towards wastewater remediation, bioorthogonal transformations and cancer treatment.
What constrains firms from divesting their legacy business?
Authors: Ding Yang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on a unique business phenomenon, legacy divestitures, which refers to the sale or spinoff of a firm's original business. I argue that firms may be prevented from engaging in legacy divestiture by organizational inertia, which become increasingly stronger as the legacy business gets older. I also examine factors that help firms overcome the constraints of inertial forces on firms' legacy divestitures. Hypotheses are tested using a sample of 108 diversified American companies, 27 of which divested legacy businesses between 1980 and 2017. Firms are less likely to divest their legacy businesses as the legacy units get older. The negative relationship is weakened by two factors, performance–aspiration gaps and R&D intensity.
Synthesis of (E)‐β‐Iodovinyl Sulfones via Photoredox Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Kumar Sourav , Kumar Jaswant , Naqvi Tahira , Raheem Shabnam , Rizvi Masood Ahmad , Shah Bhahwal Ali 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA photoredox mediated approach enabling the synthesis of (E)‐β‐iodovinyl sulfones at room temperature using simple alkynes and thiols as the coupling partners in the presence of TBAI as iodine source is reported. The direct conversion of thiols into sulfones following the tandem introduction of C−I and C−S bonds is achieved using SeO2 as an oxidizing agent. The method is viable with a wide range of alkynes and thiols at room temperature, employs mild conditions, and has good yields. Besides, we could also use β‐iodovinyl sulfones as the starting material to access different β‐functionalized sulfone derivatives.
Tolerance to mid‐season drought in peanut can be achieved by high water use efficiency or high efficient use of water
Authors: Zhang Qiong , Dang Phat , Chen Charles , Feng Yucheng , Batchelor William , Lamb Marshall , Sanz‐Saez Alvaro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPeanut (Arachis Hypogaea L) is an economic cash crop mainly planted in arid and semi‐arid regions where drought causes approximately 20% yield losses every year. It has been demonstrated that drought tolerance can be achieved by two different mechanisms in plants: either by saving water or by extracting more water from the soil (water spender genotypes). The objective of this research was to screen for these two mechanisms of drought tolerance in peanut. Plants were grown in rainout shelters under irrigated conditions until mid‐pod filling, then drought was induced using rain‐out shelters. Gas exchange parameters were measured regularly during the drought period and recovery. Genotypes PI 502120 and AU‐NPL 17 were classified as water spender genotypes as they showed high yield, Δ13C, photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance under drought. This is the first time that water spender genotypes have been identified in peanut. On the other hand, genotypes Line‐8 and AU16‐28 were classified as water savers as they showed equally high yields but with low Δ13C and stomatal conductance and moderate photosynthesis under drought stress. In this study, water spender genotypes did not show a yield advantage in comparison with water savers.
Identification and characterization of novel CD274 (PD‐L1) regulating microRNAs and their functional relevance in melanoma
Authors: Vaxevanis Christoforos K. , Friedrich Michael , Tretbar Sandy Uta , Handke Diana , Wang Yuan , Blümke Juliane , Dummer Reinhard , Massa Chiara , Seliger Barbara 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors directed against programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1/PD1) receptor and programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (CD274/PD‐L1) have been recently successfully implemented for the treatment of many cancers, but the response rate of tumour patients is still limited due to intrinsic and acquired resistances. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this limited response have still to be defined in detail. The aim of this study is to uncover processes inhibiting PDCD1/CD274 expression thereby enhancing anti‐tumour immune responses. The identification and characterization of microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) as well as the coding sequence (CDS) of CD274 will provide the basis for a new drug development.MethodsHuman melanoma cell lines and tissue samples were subjected to mRNA and/or protein expression analysis using qPCR, Western blot, flow cytometry, and/or immunohistochemistry. The data were correlated to clinical parameters. MiRNA trapping by RNA in vitro affinity purification (miTRAP) technology in combination with small RNA sequencing and different bioinformatics tools were employed to identify CD274‐regulating miRNAs.ResultsScreening based on miTRAP in combination with RNAseq identified a large number of novel CD274‐regulating candidate miRNAs, from which eight selected miRNAs were functionally validated. Five out of eight miRNAs were able to significantly reduce CD274 surface expression indicating that these miRNAs directly bind to the 3′‐UTR or CDS of the CD274 gene. The miRNA‐mediated inhibition of CD274 expression was accompanied by an increased T cell recognition. Furthermore, an inverse expression of three CD274‐regulating miRNAs and CD274 was demonstrated in melanoma lesions. A CD274 miRNA score was generated, which was associated with disease progression and reduced survival of melanoma patients.ConclusionsThese data revealed a novel mechanism that miRNAs targeting the CDS of immune checkpoint genes are functional, have prognostic relevance, and also the potential for the development of novel miRNA‐based therapies.
Hybrid grasshopper and differential evolution algorithm for prolonging network life expectancy in wireless sensor networks (WSNs)
Authors: Manoharan Mathankumar , Ponnusamy Thirumoorthi 
Published: July 2022

SummaryIn wireless sensor networks (WSNs), restricted battery power, balanced energy consumption, and collaborative data processing are considered as key challenges that need to be handled with utmost care. Clustering in WSNs is an optimal methodology for conserving energy of sensor nodes and attaining efficient data processing that attributes toward the maximization of network lifetime. An efficient cluster head (CH) selection scheme is essential for achieving superior collaborative data processing in WSNs. Swarm intelligent metaheuristic algorithm‐based CH selection approaches are identified to be better for designing energy‐efficient schemes that select optimal CHs from nodes in a fair way. In this paper, Hybrid Grasshopper and Differential Evolution‐based Optimization Algorithm (HGDEOA) is proposed for targeting on the objective of attaining energy stability and prolonging network lifetime. This HGDEOA incorporates an adaptive strategy into differential evolution (DE) for improving the global searching capability during the process of optimization. It is proposed for improving the convergence efficiency and maintaining population diversity. It also possesses the capability of enhancing the degree of convergence speed and precision in calculation. This integration of GOA into DE prevents the premature convergence of the algorithm, since the deviation amid the scaling individuals induces the population to be more randomly distributed, targeting at the retention of population diversity. The simulation results confirm that the proposed HGDEOA sustains residual energy by 19.32%, improves throughput by 16.21%, prolongs network lifetime by 18.76%, and maintains stability by18.94% when compared to the benchmarked approaches used for investigation.
Raised circulating soluble growth differentiation factor 15 is negatively associated with testosterone level in hypogonadic men with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Mei Yufeng , Lyu Yongnan , Le Juan , Li Di , Liu Hang , Zhao Zhiming , Li Yan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsEpidemiological studies consistently show that decreases in serum testosterone level are observed more frequently in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while clinical investigations have demonstrated that an increased level of circulating growth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15) are also related closely to T2DM. The aim of this study was to examine the potential relationship between serum GDF‐15 levels and hypogonadism in Chinese male patients with T2DM.Materials and MethodsA total of 305 T2DM men were recruited between July 2020 and August 2021. GDF‐15 and total testosterone concentrations were quantified by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and LC/MS mass spectrometry, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis, logistic regression, and restricted cubic splined models were used to examine the correlation between GDF‐15 levels and hypogonadism in these patients.ResultsWhen compared with T2DM patients without hypogonadism circulating GDF‐15 levels were significantly higher in the hypogonadism group [1081.83 (746.79,1539.94) versus 779.49 (548.46,1001.27), p < 0.001] and were associated positively with hypogonadism in unadjusted and fully adjusted multivariate regression models (p < 0.01). The fully adjusted regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals for circulating GDF‐15 and testosterone deficiency were −1.795 (−2.929, −0.661). Serum GDF‐15 levels were also associated positively with testosterone deficiency in each logistic regression model (p < 0.05), while after adjustment for all risk factors, the same findings were obtained in the restricted cubic splined models (p < 0.01).ConclusionsIn hypogonadal men with T2DM, an elevated serum GDF‐15 level is associated negatively with serum testosterone concentration. GDF‐15 may be a novel cytokine related to T2DM men with hypogonadism.