bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Similar Outcomes in Treating Major Depressive Disorder With 10 Hz Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Versus Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS): A Naturalistic Observational Study
Authors: Spitz Nathen A. , Ten Eyck Patrick , Nizar Krystal , Boes Aaron D. , Trapp Nicholas T. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Results reported in the existing literature have shown intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to be noninferior to 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in treating major depressive disorder (MDD) when targeted at the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The goal of this naturalistic observational study was to further explore potential differences between these 2 treatment modalities in treating depression in a real-world cohort.

Methods:
The participants were 105 patients, 18 years of age or older with a diagnosis of MDD who received standard clinical 10 Hz rTMS or iTBS treatment between 2016 and 2020. Clinical outcomes of depression treatment were assessed on the basis of changes in scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale.

Results:
Reduction in depression symptoms was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale from baseline to end of treatment, and no discernible differences in percent change, response, remission, or minimum clinically important difference were found between the 10 Hz rTMS and iTBS treatment groups.

Conclusions:
Findings in an observational, real-world clinical sample showed no significant differences in outcomes between 10 Hz rTMS and iTBS targeted at the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the treatment of MDD. Because of the shorter treatment time involved, the choice of iTBS may reduce hospital exposure and increase savings and the treatment capacity of clinics without sacrificing effectiveness.
Color Doppler Imaging of Vascular Abnormalities of the Uterus
Authors: Keller Cody A. , Antil Neha , Jeffrey R. Brooke , Kamaya Aya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Many uterine abnormalities present clinically with bleeding encompassing a broad spectrum of patients from postmenopausal spotting to life-threatening hemorrhage. Color and spectral Doppler imaging of the pelvis is often the first crucial investigation used to quickly establish the correct etiology of the uterine bleeding and guide clinical decision making and patient management.
Simultaneous Implant Placement and Sinus Lift Using Leukocyte-Platelet Rich Fibrin: A Retrospective 40-Month Study
Authors: Leighton Yerko , Rosas Eduardo , de Souza Raphael Freitas , Borie Eduardo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
The aim of this study was to report the 40-month clinical radiographical outcomes of maxillary sinus floor augmentation using leukocyte-platelet rich fibrin (L-PRF) as a single graft in combination with immediately placed implants. Twenty partially edentulous individuals with missing teeth in the region associated to maxillary sinus were included in this retrospective study. A lateral sinus floor elevation was performed considering a complete wear of the bone wall of the maxillary sinus and immediately placing the implant and filled the maxillary sinus with L-PRF clots as a single graft. After 5 months, all the implants received single screwed implant-supported prostheses. Subsequent evaluation was every 4 months assessing the success rate and biological complications. Two maxillary sinus membrane were perforated and covered with L-PRF clots. The mean bone height gain was 62.6%, observing a 100% of success and that in all the cases achieved at least the implant height. In conclusion, the use of platelet-rich fibrin clot as a single graft biomaterial during the maxillary sinus lift procedure combined with immediate implant placement may be a reliable clinical alternative, even to repair the sinus membrane.
Development of an Easily Reproducible Cough Simulator With Droplets and Aerosols for Rapidly Testing Novel Personal Protective Equipment
Authors: Zhou George , Burnett Garrett W. , Shah Ronak S. , Lai Cheuk Yin , Katz Daniel , Fried Eric A. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
The current COVID-19 pandemic has produced numerous innovations in personal protective equipment, barrier devices, and infection mitigation strategies, which have not been validated. During high-risk procedures such as airway manipulation, coughs are common and discrete events that may expose healthcare workers to large amounts of viral particles. A simulated cough under controlled circumstances can rapidly test novel devices and protocols and thus aid in their evaluation and the development of implementation guidelines. Physiologic cough simulators exist but require significant expertise and specialized equipment not available to most clinicians.

Methods
Using components commonly found in healthcare settings, a cough simulator was designed for clinicians to easily assemble and use. Both droplet and aerosol particle generators were incorporated into a bimodal experimental system. High-speed flash photography was used for data collection.

Results
Using a gas flow analyzer, video recordings, and high-speed digital photography, the cough and particle simulators were quantitatively and qualitatively compared with known physiologic cough parameters and in vivo Schlieren imaging of human coughs.

Conclusions
Based on our validation studies, this cough and particle simulator model approximates a physiologic, human cough in the context of testing personal protective equipment, barrier devices, and infection prevention measures.
Sleep Biomarkers Help Predict the Development of Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Grigg-Damberger Madeleine M. , Foldvary-Schaefer Nancy 
Published: March 2022

Summary:
Middle-aged or older adults who self-report sleep–wake disorders are at an increased risk for incident dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer disease. Dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease who complain of sleep–wake disorders progress faster than those without sleep–wake disorders. Removal of amyloid-beta and tau tangles occurs preferentially in non-rapid eye movement 3 sleep and fragmented or insufficient sleep may lead to accumulation of these neurotoxins even in preclinical stages. Selective atrophy in the medial temporal lobe on brain MRI has been shown to predict impaired coupling of slow oscillations and sleep spindles. Impaired slow wave–spindle coupling has been shown to correlate with impaired overnight memory consolidation. Whereas, a decrease in the amplitude of 0.6 to 1 Hz slow wave activity predicts higher cortical Aβ burden on amyloid PET scans. Overexpression of the wake-promoting neurotransmitter orexin may predispose patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease to increased wakefulness, decreasing time they need to clear from the brain the neurotoxic accumulation of amyloid-beta and especially tau. More research exploring these relationships is needed and continuing.
Stroke: What's Sleep Got to Do With It?
Authors: Zafar Atif , Dhruv Parth , Anwar Arsalan , Grigg-Damberger Madeleine M. 
Published: March 2022

Summary:
Ischemic strokes most often occur between 6 am and 12 am after awakening from sleep but up to 30% occur during sleep. Wake-up strokes (WUS) are new focal neurological deficit(s) persisting for ≥ 24 hours attributable to an ischemic event present on patient awakening. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a major risk factor for WUS because it compounds the instability of the morning environment and increases the likelihood of cardiovascular events, including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, right-to-left shunts, and stroke. Circadian-driven alterations in structural, homeostatic, and serological factors also predispose to WUS. Also, WUS patients are often not considered candidates for time-dependent intravenous thrombolysis therapy because of an uncertain onset time. However, using the tissue clock (positive diffusion weighted imaging-negative fluid-attenuated inversion recovery mismatch) dates the WUS as 3 to 4.5 hours old and permits consideration for intravenous thrombolysis and if needed mechanical thrombectomy. Given the high prevalence of moderate/severe OSA in stroke patients and its impact on stroke outcomes, screening with overnight pulse oximetry and home sleep apnea test is needed. Treating OSA poststroke remains challenging. Polysomnographic changes in sleep architecture following acute/subacute stroke may also impact upon stroke outcome.
Sleep Spindles and K-Complexes Are Favorable Prognostic Biomarkers in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Grigg-Damberger Madeleine M. , Hussein Omar , Kulik Tobias 
Published: March 2022

Summary:
In this narrative review, we summarize recent research on the prognostic significance of biomarkers of sleep in continuous EEG and polysomnographic recordings in intensive care unit patients. Recent studies show the EEG biosignatures of non-rapid eye movement 2 sleep (sleep spindles and K-complexes) on continuous EEG in critically ill patients better predict functional outcomes and mortality than the ictal–interictal continuum patterns. Emergence of more complex and better organized sleep architecture has been shown to parallel neurocognitive recovery and correlate with functional outcomes in traumatic brain injury and strokes. Particularly interesting are studies which suggest intravenous dexmedetomidine may induce a more biomimetic non-rapid eye movement sleep state than intravenous propofol, potentially providing more restorative sleep and lessening delirium. Protocols to improve intensive care unit sleep and neurophysiological studies evaluating the effect of these on sleep and sleep architecture are here reviewed.
Are Dutch General Practitioners willing to prescribe mifepristone and misoprostol?: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Schellekens Julia E A P , Houtvast Claire S E , Leusink Peter , Kleiverda Gunilla , Gomperts Rebecca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that General Practitioners (GPs) can effectively and safely provide mifepristone and misoprostol for medical termination of pregnancy (TOP). Dutch GPs are permitted to treat miscarriages with mifepristone and misoprostol, but in practice only guide spontaneous miscarriages. Current Dutch abortion law forbids GPs to prescribe these medications for medical TOP. Medical TOP is limited to the specialized settings of abortion clinics and hospitals. A shift to primary care is debated in the House of Representative, following the example of France and Ireland. It would improve reproductive health care and choices for women. Little is known about GPs’ willingness to provide medical TOP and miscarriage management.AimThis study aimed to gain insight into Dutch GPs’ willingness and anticipated obstacles to prescribing mifepristone and misoprostol for medical TOP and miscarriages.Design and SettingThis is a mixed-method study among Dutch GPs.MethodA questionnaire provided quantitative data that was analysed using descriptive methods. Thematic analyses were performed on qualitative data collected by in-depth interviews.ResultsThe questionnaire was sent to 575 GPs, the response rate was 22.1%. Of the responders, 84.3% were willing to prescribe mifepristone and misoprostol and 58.3% were willing to provide both medical TOP and miscarriage management. 57.5% indicated a need for training. The main barriers influencing GPs’ willingness were lack of experience, knowledge, time and a restrictive abortion law.ConclusionOver 80% of the respondents were willing to prescribe mifepristone and misoprostol for medical TOP or miscarriages. Training, (online) education and a revision of the abortion law are recommended.How this fits inMedical TOP in the Netherlands can only be provided in abortion clinics and hospitals. GPs may prescribe these same medications for miscarriage management, but in practice only guide spontaneous miscarriages. To improve access to woman-centred care, it is important to allow GPs by law to provide medical TOP. Our study is the first to assess Dutch GPs’ willingness to provide mifepristone and misoprostol and aims to understand enablers and barriers that give insight into the feasibility of a shift in care. Our results illustrate the need to revise laws and to provide training and education in the similar procedure of medical TOP and miscarriage management.
Pegylated-interferon-λ treatment-induced peripheral interferon stimulated genes are associated with SARS-CoV-2 viral load decline despite delayed T cell response in older individuals
Authors: Santer Deanna M , Li Daniel , Ghosheh Yanal , Zahoor Muhammad Atif , Prajapati Dhanvi , Tyrrell D Lorne J , Feld Jordan J , Gehring Adam J 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInterferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines induced very early after SARS-CoV-2 infection and are crucial for viral clearance, shaping immunity, and preventing the development of severe COVID-19. We previously demonstrated that a single injection of peginterferon-lambda1 (PEG-IFN-λ) accelerated viral clearance in COVID-19 patients. To determine if the rapid viral decline was mediated by enhanced immunity, we assessedin vivoresponses to PEG-IFN-λ by single cell RNA sequencing and measured SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and antibody responses between placebo and PEG-IFN-λ-treated patients. PEG-IFN-λ treatment induced interferon stimulated genes in peripheral immune cells expressingIFNLR1, with plasmacytoid dendritic cells having the greatest response, followed by B cells. PEG-IFN-λ did not significantly affect SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels in plasma or the magnitude or functionality of virus-specific T cells. However, we identified a delayed T cell response in older adults, suggesting that PEG-IFN-λ can overcome the delay in adaptive immunity to accelerate viral clearance in patients most at risk for severe disease. Taken together, PEG-IFN-λ offers an early COVID-19 treatment option for outpatients to boost innate antiviral defenses without dampening peripheral SARS-CoV-2 adaptive immunity
Investigating Automatic Speech Emotion Recognition for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in interactive intervention sessions with the social robot Kaspar
Authors: Milling Manuel , Bartl-Pokorny Katrin D. , Schuller Björn W. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTIn this contribution, we present the analyses of vocalisation data recorded in the first observation round of the European Commission’s Erasmus Plus project “EMBOA, Affective loop in Socially Assistive Robotics as an intervention tool for children with autism”. In total, the project partners recorded data in 112 robot-supported intervention sessions for children with autism spectrum disorder. Audio data were recorded using the internal and lapel microphone of the H4n Pro Recorder. To analyse the data, we first utilise a child voice activity detection (VAD) system in order to extract child vocalisations from the raw audio data. For each child, session, and microphone, we provide the total time child vocalisations were detected. Next, we compare the results of two different implementations for valence- and arousal-based speech emotion recognition, thereby processing (1) the child vocalisations detected by the VAD and (2) the total recorded audio material. We provide average valence and arousal values for each session and condition. Finally, we discuss challenges and limitations of child voice detection and audio-based emotion recognition in robot-supported intervention settings.
Comprehensive characterization of Candida isolates in a given geographical area for the determination of prevalence and drug sensitivity
Authors: Pamnani Tamanna , Agarwal Saifali , Chourasia Jayati , Sinha Rishika , Choudhary Pankaj , Niraj Ravi Ranjan K , Nagar Ramjas , Shrivastava Sandeep K , Kalra Aakanksha 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeAn alarming increase in Candidiasis infections has been observed worldwide and in India. This increase is attributed to increase in immune-compromised individuals and an increase in plethora of species causing the disease. The emergence of drug resistance of isolates has further worsened the situation.Materials & MethodsCandida isolates causing infections were obtained from patients and evaluated for their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics by colony morphology and staining procedures. The patients’ demography was also analyzed to identify any correlation between the isolates. Doubling time was determined to analyze growth characteristics of these isolates. Isolates were also characterized biochemically for their ability to assimilate carbon and nitrogen sources and for fermentative capabilities. Additionally, drug sensitivity profiles of these isolates were analyzed towards Azoles.ResultsDemographic analysis of the isolates suggested that all age groups were affected by Candida via both albicans and non-albican species. The infections were not gender biased but majority isolates were obtained from urine samples suggesting Candida as an important species causing urine-genital infections. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis showed cream colored circular colonies with smooth surface and entire margins with cells in single and budding stage. The doubling time ranged between 40 mins to 180 mins with 81 mins being the average. Biochemical characterization showed sucrose to be the most metabolizable sugar with maximum fermentative capacity with glucose. Surprisingly, very low nitrogen assimilation capacity was observed with all the nitrogen sources tested (nitrate, urea and glycine). Drug sensitivity towards Azoles suggested almost 50% and 90% isolates were resistant to Fluconazole and Itraconazole respectively, the most common Azoles used against fungal infections in the current scenario.ConclusionsThe results obtained from the study suggested differential characteristics of the isolates towards various parameters thereby indicating the relevance of isolate characterization, for appropriate control and prevention of the disease.Graphical abstract
Discordant population structure inferred from male- and female-type mtDNAs fromMacoma balthica, a bivalve species characterized by doubly uniparental inheritance of mitochondria
Authors: Le Cam Sabrina , Brémaud Julie , Becquet Vanessa , Huet Valérie , Dubillot Emmanuel , Garcia Pascale , Viricel Amélia , Breton Sophie , Pante Eric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDoubly Uniparental Inheritance (DUI) of mitochondria is a remarkable exception to the Strictly Maternal Inheritance (SMI) in metazoans. In species characterized by DUI --almost exclusively gonochoric bivalve mollusks--females (F) transmit mitochondria to offspring of both sexes, while males (M) pass on their mitochondria exclusively to their sons. Under DUI, males are heteroplasmic, somatic tissues containing F-transmitted mtDNA and gametic cells containing M-transmitted mtDNAs. The aforementioned transmission routes make M- and F-transmitted mtDNA interesting as sex-specific markers which can differ in their effective population sizes, mutation rates, and selective constraints. For these reasons, looking at both markers can provide significant insights into the genetic structure of populations and investigate its determinants. In this study, we document differences in genetic diversity, divergence, inter-populational differentiation and biogeographic structure between M- and F-typecox1mt genes in the Baltic tellin (Macoma balthica) to test whethercox1mandcox1fgenes bear the marks of similar phylogeographic histories. These markers were sequenced for 302 male individuals sampled from the North Sea to the Gironde Estuary (Southern France) encompassing the intra-subspecificM. b. rubrahybrid zone in the Gulf of Saint Malo. Both genes supported a scenario of cladogenesis ofM.b. rubraclades prior to the last glacial maximum. Nucleotide diversity and net divergence were over twice higher incox1mcompared tocox1f. Genetic differentiation between northern and southern populations was nearly 3 times higher atcox1mcompared tocox1f (global ΦST= 0.345 and 0.126 respectively) and the geographic localization of the strongest genetic break significantly differed between the markers (Finistère Peninsula atcox1f; Cotentin Peninsula atcox1m, ∼250 km apart). A higher mutation rate, relaxed negative selection and differences in effective population sizes (depending on locations) atcox1mcould explain differences in population genetic structure. As both F- and M-type mtDNAs interact with nuclear genes for oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production, geographical discordances in genetic clines in a context of secondary contact could be linked to mito-nuclear genetic incompatibilities.
GraphBio: a shiny web app to easily perform popular visualization analysis for omics data
Authors: Zhao Tian-Xin , Wang Ze-Lin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSummaryHere, we present GraphBio, a shiny web app to easily perform visualization analysis for omics data. GraphBio provides 15 popular visualization analysis methods, including heatmap, volcano plots, MA plots, network plots, dot plots, chord plots, pie plots, four quadrant diagrams, venn diagrams, cumulative distribution curves, PCA, survival analysis, ROC analysis, correlation analysis and text cluster analysis. It enables experimental biologists without programming skills to easily perform popular visualization analysis and get publication-ready figures.Availability and implementationGraphBio, as an online web application, is freely available at http://www.graphbio1.com/en/ (English version) and http://www.graphbio1.com/ (Chinese version).Contactdatabio@163.com
Efficient Gene Knockout in Salivary Gland Epithelial Explant Cultures
Authors: Sekiguchi Rei , Mehlferber Madison M. , Matsumoto Kazue , Wang Shaohe 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTWe have developed methods to achieve efficient CRISPR-Cas9 mediated gene knockout in ex vivo mouse embryonic salivary epithelial explants. Salivary epithelial explants provide a valuable model for characterizing cell signaling, differentiation, and epithelial morphogenesis, but research has been limited by a paucity of efficient gene perturbation methods. Here, we demonstrate highly efficient gene perturbation by transient transduction of guide RNA-expressing lentiviruses into Cas9-expressing salivary epithelial buds isolated from Cas9 transgenic mice. We first show that salivary epithelial explants can be cultured in low-concentration, non-solidified Matrigel suspensions in 96-well plates, which greatly increases sample throughput compared to conventional cultures embedded in solidified Matrigel. We further show that salivary epithelial explants can grow and branch with FGF7 alone, while supplementing with ITS (insulin, transferrin, and selenium) enhances growth and branching. We then describe an efficient workflow to produce experiment-ready, high-titer lentiviruses within 1 week after molecular cloning. To track transduced cells, we designed the lentiviral vector to co-express a nuclear fluorescent reporter with the guide RNA. We routinely achieve 80% transduction efficiency when antibiotic selection is used. Importantly, we detected robust loss of targeted protein products when testing 9 guide RNAs for 3 different genes. Moreover, targeting the β1 integrin gene (Itgb1) inhibited branching morphogenesis, which supports the importance of cell-matrix adhesion in driving branching morphogenesis. In summary, we have established a lentivirus-based method that can efficiently perturb genes of interest in salivary epithelial explants, which will greatly facilitate studies of specific gene functions using this system.