bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Magnetic Signature of Surface Waves Measured in a Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Kluge John A. , Soloviev Alexander V. , Dean Cayla W. , Morrison Geoffrey K. , Haus Brian K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A magnetic signature is created by secondary magnetic field fluctuations caused by the phenomenon of seawater moving in Earth’s magnetic field. A laboratory experiment was conducted at the Surge Structure Atmosphere Interaction (SUSTAIN) facility to measure the magnetic signature of surface waves using a differential method: a pair of magnetometers, separated horizontally by one-half wavelength, were placed at several locations on the outer tank walls. This technique significantly reduced the extraneous magnetic distortions that were detected simultaneously by both sensors and additionally doubled the magnetic signal of surface waves. Accelerometer measurements and local gradients were used to identify magnetic noise produced from tank vibrations. Wave parameters of 4-m-long waves with a 0.56-Hz frequency and a 0.1-m amplitude were used in this experiment. Freshwater and saltwater experiments were completed to determine the magnetic difference generated by the difference in conductivity. Tests with an empty tank were conducted to identify the noise of the facility. When the magnetic signal was put through spectral analysis, it showed the primary peak at the wave frequency (0.56 Hz) and less pronounced higher-frequency harmonics, which are caused by the nonlinearity of shallow water surface waves. The magnetic noise induced by the wavemaker and related vibrations peaked around 0.3 Hz, which was removed using filtering techniques. These results indicate that the magnetic signature produced by surface waves was an order of magnitude larger than in traditional model predictions. The discrepancy may be due to the magnetic permeability difference between water and air that is not considered in the traditional model.
Spectral Characteristics of Swell-Dominated Seas with In Situ Measurements in the Coastal Seas of Peru and Sri Lanka
Authors: Gao Xiang , Ma Xiaozhou , Ma Yuxiang , Huang Xuezhi , Zheng Zhenjun , Dong Guohai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The characteristics of wave spectra in the swell-dominated seas in the Chancay Bay, Peru, and off the coast of Hambantota, Sri Lanka, were studied based on in situ measurements. According to the characteristics of the spectral shapes, the measured wave spectra were divided into single- and double-peaked spectra. For the single-peaked measured spectra, many widely used wave spectrum models were adopted to fit the measured wave spectra. By comparing the fitting results with the measured wave spectra, these wave spectra were insufficient for describing the peak enhancement or the high-frequency tail shape of the measured spectra. The spectral shape parameters were found to play an important role in the expression of the spectrum models. The peak enhancement factor γ in the Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP) spectra could adjust the peak height of the spectrum and the shape parameter m of the spectrum high-frequency tail in the Wallops spectra made the wave spectrum more flexible. Therefore, an improved single-peaked wave spectrum was proposed by combining the JONSWAP and Wallops spectra. It performed better than other spectrum models in describing the swell and has advantages in both the wave characteristic parameters and wave spectral shapes. The spectrum peak width parameter σ was relatively consistent in the two measurement stations and both around 0.24. Moreover, the proposed model overcame the limitations of the excessively high estimated slope in the high-frequency range of the Wallops spectrum; the shape parameter m of the spectrum high-frequency tail is primarily distributed in the range (1, 5). For the double-peaked measured spectra, the Ochi–Hubble spectrum was found to work better than the Torsethaugen spectrum.
A Comparison of Mesoscale Pressure Features Observed with Smartphones and Conventional Observations
Authors: McNicholas Callie , Mass Clifford F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To examine the utility of smartphone pressure observations (SPOs), a climatology of mesoscale pressure features was developed to evaluate whether SPOs could better resolve mesoscale phenomena than existing surface pressure networks (MADIS). A comparison between MADIS and smartphone pressure analyses was performed by tracking and characterizing bandpass-filtered, mesoscale pressure features. Over the year 2018, nearly 3000 pressure features were tracked across the central and eastern United States. Pressure features identified by smartphone observations lasted, on average, 25 min longer, traveled 25 km farther, and exhibited larger amplitudes than features observed by MADIS. An examination of smartphone pressure features tracks by season and location found that almost all pressure features propagated eastward. With over 87% of observed pressure features associated with convection, the climatology of surface pressure features largely reflects the geographic and seasonal variation of mesoscale convection. Phase relationships between pressure features and other surface variables were consistent with those expected for mesohighs and wake lows. These results suggest that SPOs could enhance convective analyses and forecasts compared to existing surface networks like MADIS by better resolving mesoscale structures and features, such as wake lows and mesohighs.

Significance Statement
While smartphone pressure networks provide unprecedented observation coverage and density, it was unclear whether they can add value to existing surface pressure networks. This study addresses this question by developing a yearlong record of mesoscale pressure features over the eastern and central United States. Analysis of this record revealed that smartphone analyses better resolved mesoscale pressure features, especially across the central United States where existing surface pressure networks are sparser. Nearly all observed pressure features were observed near precipitation, with five in six associated with convection. Relationships between mesoscale pressure features and other surface state variables were consistent with those expected for mesohighs and wake lows.
Red, White, and Blue: Environmental Distress among Water Stakeholders in a U.S. Farming Community
Authors: du Bray Margaret V. , Quimby Barbara , Bausch Julia C. , Wutich Amber , Eaton Weston M. , Brasier Kathryn J. , Brewis Alexandra , Williams Clinton 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper explores environmental distress (e.g., feeling blue) in a politically conservative (“red”) and predominantly white farming community in the southwestern United States. In such communities across the United States, expressed concern over environmental change—including climate change—tends to be lower. This is understood to have a palliative effect that reduces feelings of ecoanxiety. Using an emotional geographies framework, our study identifies the forms of everyday emotional expressions related to water and environmental change in the context of a vulnerable rural agricultural community in central Arizona. Drawing on long-term participant-observation and stakeholder research, we use data from individual (n = 48) and group (n = 8) interviews with water stakeholders to explore reports of sadness and fear over environmental change using an emotion-focused text analysis. We find that this distress is related to social and material changes related to environmental change rather than to environmental change itself. We discuss implications for research on emotional geographies for understanding reactions to environmental change and uncertainty.
Safe and Appropriate Minimally Invasive and Robotic Esophagectomy in a Community Cancer Center
Authors: Johnson Christopher , Tabor John , Bates Michael , Lyons John 
Published: March 2022

Objectives Minimally invasive esophagectomy is a technically challenging procedure that been associated with better outcomes at high-volume tertiary care centers. Louisiana is one of the most impoverished states, and travel to a “destination center” is not an option for many patients. We hypothesize that patients can obtain excellent surgical outcomes following MIE in a comprehensive community cancer center. Methods We identified all patients who underwent totally robotic MIE by a single surgeon at our center from July 2018 to November 2020. All cases were performed using totally robotic Ivor Lewis technique with intrathoracic isoperistaltic esophagogastrostomy. Incidence, demographics, treatment, and outcomes were compared before and after first 10 cases using Student’s t-test. Results We identified 21 patients: 16 male and 5 female. Mean age 65 (49-85). 19 patients underwent MIE for malignancy; 18 of these received neoadjuvant therapy. OR time decreased following the first 10 cases (502 vs. 408 minutes, P = 0.0127). Average lymph node harvest was 14 (4-23 nodes). Positive margin rate was 0%. Mean length of stay trended towards a decrease after the first 10 cases (11 vs. 9 days, P = NS). There were no leaks or strictures. Thirty-day readmission was five patients. Ninety-day mortality was 0%. Conclusion These outcomes rival those of high-volume referral centers and demonstrate that totally robotic MIE can be performed with excellent outcomes in community center. These data call into question the need for all patients to travel to “destination centers” to receive complex oncologic surgery.
Promoting Student Well-Being Through Classroom Interventions
Authors: Ibaraki Alicia 
Published: March 2022

Introduction Because of their regular contact with students, faculty can find themselves in the position of needing to support student’s emotional needs, a task for which not everyone feels well trained. Statement of the Problem COVID-19 has exacerbated existing mental health concerns and created additional problems related to low levels of motivation, increased loneliness, and heightened levels of stress. Literature Review Fortunately, psychological science can explain the causes of these symptoms as well as offer evidence-based interventions. The literature related to motivation, loneliness, and stress is reviewed with an emphasis placed on common studies or theories that are covered in typical psychology curriculums. Teaching Implications Evidence-based classroom interventions and assignments designed to promote student well-being are discussed. Conclusion Grounding discussions of student’s emotional reactions within the psychological literature may help instructors without a mental health background better support student’s emotional needs, illustrate course concepts, and model the practice of clinical science while helping to promote student well-being.
Does the Instructors Gender Identity and Syllabus Design Affect Students Perceptions of Their Instructor?
Authors: Fleck Bethany , Richmond Aaron S. 
Published: March 2022

Background Learner-centered syllabi influence students’ perceptions of their instructors; however, studies have not investigated the gender identity of the instructor. Objective We sought to investigate whether the gender of the instructor and the syllabus design affected students' perceptions of the instructor, course, and memory of the syllabus. Method Participants were randomly assigned to read either learner- or instructor-centered syllabi for a course taught by a male, female, or gender-neutral instructor. They reported their perceptions of the instructor (i.e., Teacher Behavior Checklist), how they perceived the syllabus (i.e., Syllabus Tone Survey), and their memory of syllabus information. Results Students who received a learner-centered syllabus perceived the instructor as possessing higher master teacher behaviors, positive tone and remembered more of the course syllabus. Students perceived gender-neutral instructors as more caring, supportive, professional, and communicative compared to male and female instructors. Perceptions of male instructors were the least negative, and female instructors were the least positive. Conclusion The current study adds to the growing body of research demonstrating that a learner-centered syllabus can positively influence students' perceptions of the instructor. The initial evidence suggests that gender may also have an effect. Teaching Implications Instructors should consider designing their syllabus using learner-centered principles and be cautious and aware of a potential gender bias.
Clinicopathological Predictors of Survival for Parotid Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cheng Emily YiQin , Kim Joo Hyun , Grose Elysia M. , Philteos Justine , Levin Marc , de Almeida John , Goldstein David 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveVarious prognostic factors are associated with the survival of patients with parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the clinical and pathologic prognostic factors on survival outcomes in patients with parotid MEC.Data SourcesArticles published from database inception to July 2020 on OVID Medline, OVID Embase, Cochrane Central, and Scopus.Review MethodsStudies were included that reported clinical or pathologic prognostic factors on survival outcomes for adult patients with parotid MEC. Data extraction, risk of bias, and quality assessment were conducted by 2 independent reviewers.ResultsA total of 4290 titles were reviewed, 396 retrieved for full‐text screening, and 18 included in the review. The average risk of bias was high, and quality assessment for the prognostic factors ranged from very low to moderate. Prognostic factors that were consistently associated with negative survival outcomes on multivariate analysis included histologic grade (hazard ratio [HR], 5.66), nodal status (HR, 2.86), distant metastasis (HR, 3.10‐5.80), intraparotid metastasis (HR, 13.52), and age (HR, 1.02‐6.86). Prognostic factors that inconsistently reported associations with survival outcomes were TNM stage, T classification, and N classification.ConclusionHistologic grade, nodal status, distant metastasis, intraparotid metastasis, and age were associated with worse survival outcomes. These prognostic factors should be considered when determining the most appropriate treatment and follow‐up plan for patients with parotid MEC.
Evaluation of Agreement Among Frailty Assessment Tools in Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Pandey Yash , Pandey Brianna , Aurit Sarah J. , Militsakh Oleg , Lydiatt William , Lydiatt Daniel , Coughlin Andrew , Lindau Robert , Osmolak Angela , Panwar Aru 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate intertest agreement among hand grip strength (HGS), the modified Frailty Index (mFI), and the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) in patients presenting for presurgical assessment in a head and neck surgery clinic.Study DesignProspective observational study.SettingAcademic tertiary medical center.MethodsProspective data relating to 3 frailty measurements were collected for 96 consecutive adults presenting for presurgical counseling at a single high‐volume head and neck surgical oncology clinic. Frailty was determined with previously validated thresholds for the mFI (≥3) and EFS (>7). The highest of 2 HGS measurements performed for the dominant hand was used to determine frail status based on previously validated sex‐ and body mass index–specific thresholds. Baseline characteristics were identified to determine the association of such variables to each tool. Agreement among frailty assessment tools was examined.ResultsThe frequency of frailty in the cohort varied among tools, ranging from 29.2% (28/96) for HGS to 12.5% (12/96) for the mFI and 4.2% (4/96) for the EFS. The overall agreement among the 3 frailty tools via the Fleiss index was poor (kappa, 0.088; 95% CI, –0.028 to 0.203).ConclusionAssessment of frailty is complex, and established frailty assessment tools may not agree on which patients are frail. When assessing a patient as frail, clinicians must be vigilant to the influence of frailty assessment tools on such determinations, which may contribute critical input during shared decision making for patients considering head and neck surgery or nonsurgical alternatives.
Quality of Life in Patients With Recurrent and Second Primary Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Ramprasad Vaibhav H. , Li Jinhong , Atchison Karley , Zandberg Dan P. , Clump David A. , Johnson Jonas T. , Nilsen Marci L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveIn the setting of similar outcomes, quality of life (QOL) measures can be utilized to compare treatment modalities in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluate QOL and symptoms in patients treated for primary, second primary, and recurrent HNSCC.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingHead and neck cancer survivorship clinic.MethodsWe identified patients seen between 2016 and 2019. QOL and symptoms were assessed with the University of Washington Quality of Life (UW‐QOL) questionnaire, 10‐item Eating Assessment Tool, 8‐item Patient Health Questionnaire, 7‐item Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Neck Disability Index. Regression analysis was utilized to explore associations and compare QOL outcomes.ResultsOur cohort comprised 662 patients: 546 with primary HNSCC, 34 with second primary HNSCC, and 82 with recurrent HNSCC. Multimodality therapy was associated with lower UW‐QOL Physical Subscale (UW‐QOL‐PS) vs single modality: chemoradiation therapy (−12.17 [95% CI, −16.57 to −7.78]) and surgery + postadjuvant treatment (−12.11 [−16.06 to −8.16]). Multimodality therapy was also associated with lower UW‐QOL Social‐Emotional Subscale (UW‐QOL‐SS): chemoradiation therapy (−6.70 [−11.41 to −1.99]) and surgery + postadjuvant treatment (−7.41 [−11.63 to −3.19]). Recurrence (−14.42 [−18.80 to −10.04]) and second primary (−11.15 [−17.71 to −4.59]) demonstrated lower UW‐QOL‐PS vs primary. Radiation for recurrence or second primary had worse UW‐QOL‐PS (−10.43 [−19.27 to −1.59]) and UW‐QOL‐SS (−10.58 [−18.76 to −1.54]) and higher Eating Assessment Tool (6.08 [1.39‐10.77]) than surgery alone. Surgery + postadjuvant treatment showed worse UW‐QOL‐PS (−12.65 [−23.76 to −1.54]) and UW‐QOL‐SS (−12.20 [−22.38 to −2.03]).ConclusionMultimodality therapy, particularly with recurrent and second primary HNSCC, is more likely to contribute to diminished QOL and symptoms. This important consideration should play a role in framing informed discussions with patients regarding treatment.
Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in malignant pleural mesothelioma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yu , Xu Yanfeng , Kan Ying , Wang Wei , Yang Jigang 
Published: March 2022

Background Several FDG PET/CT parameters have been utilized to evaluate the prognosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). However, there are still controversial results due to the low incidence of MPM. Purpose To assess the prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in MPM. Material and Methods A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Medline, and The Cochrane Library to identify eligible studies from inception to 12 February 2020. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of several variables, such as maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), the reduction of SUVmax after treatment (ΔSUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and the reduction of TLG after treatment (ΔTLG), were calculated. Meta-regression with subsequent subgroup analyses were conducted to determine the heterogeneity of cutoff values, treatment regimen, study design, uptake time, and scanners across various studies. Results In total, 19 eligible studies including 1819 patients were enrolled in the meta-analysis. The univariate analysis showed that the pooled HRs (95% CI) of SUVmax, ΔSUVmax, MTV, TLG, and ΔTLG were 1.29 (1.16–1.42), 1.12 (1.05–1.19), 1.15 (1.00–1.33), 1.47 (1.23–1.76), and 1.27 (1.12–1.45), respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that the pooled HRs (95% CI) of SUVmax, ΔSUVmax, MTV, and TLG for overall survival (OS) were 1.20 (1.08–1.33), 1.10 (1.02–1.19), 0.95 (0.81–1.11), and 1.13 (1.08–1.18), respectively. Conclusion SUVmax, ΔSUVmax, TLG, and ΔTLG are significant prognostic indicators for OS, while more clinical studies are needed to confirm the prognostic value of MTV in MPM.
A new alternative technique for the guidance of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation using DSA overlay reference
Authors: Zhuang Zhiquan , Ma Jingqin , Ju Shuai , Gu Guoqiang , Zhang Wen , Yang Minjie , Zhang Zihan , Ma Li , Yan Zhiping , Luo Jianjun 
Published: March 2022

Background Portal vein puncture (PVP) is a critical step during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and correlates to several complications. Techniques guiding PVP are needed. Purpose To evaluate the safety, feasibility, and efficiency of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) overlay reference during TIPS creation and compare it with transhepatic portal vein (THPV) guiding. Material and Methods The clinical records of 185 patients at three medical centers who underwent TIPS placement were reviewed. Portal vein access was guided by THPV guiding in 120 cases and DSA overlay reference in 60 cases. The number of punctures, portal vein entry time, procedural adverse events, technical and hemodynamic success rate were analyzed to compare the safety, feasibility, and efficiency of the two methods. Results The median numbers of punctures in group 1 and group 2 were 2 (1–4) and 2 (1–5), respectively ( P = 0.094). There was no statistical difference between two groups in needle passes. The median portal vein entry time of group 1 was 12 min (8–16 min) and 13 min (8–16 min) in group 2. No significant difference was found in the PVP time ( P = 0.802). Arterioportal fistula formation occurred in 15 patients in group 1; two patients in group 2 had hepatic artery injury. The patients in group 2 had lower rates of procedural adverse events ( P = 0.047). Median dose area product of G1 was lower than G2 statistically ( P<0.001). There was no significant difference in total fluoroscopy time ( P = 0.856). Conclusion DSA overlay reference has lower procedural adverse events rates compared with THPV guiding TIPS. It seems to be a safe and effective method for guiding PVP.
Prognostic significance of mean platelet volume in patients with lung cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Kharel Sanjeev , Shrestha Suraj , Shakya Prafulla , Rawat Rohit , Shilpakar Ramila 
Published: March 2022

Objective The mean platelet volume (MPV) is a measure of platelet size, and it is considered a surrogate marker of platelet activation. Because the correlation between platelet count/size and lung cancer prognosis remains unclear, this meta-analysis comprehensively evaluated the prognostic significance of MPV among patients with lung cancer. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and additional sources of relevant studies were conducted with no language restrictions from inception to 7 May 2021. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)/progression-free survival (PFS), as well as their hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were pooled to evaluate the relationship between MPV and survival. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO. Results Eleven studies involving 2421 patients with lung cancer were included in our analysis. Nine studies including only patients with non-small cell lung cancer were included in the meta-analysis. Our analysis revealed no significant associations of MPV with OS (HR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.84–1.41) and DFS/PFS (HR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.58–2.20). Conclusion Pretreatment MPV levels did not display prognostic significance in patients with NSCLC. Large-scale prospective studies and a validation study considering ethnicity and lung cancer staging are warranted.