bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of heroin addiction- and relapse-induced axonal transport dysfunction in the brain in vivo by MRI
Authors: Yang Jun , Luo Yueyuan , Liao Chengde , Chen Long , Zhang Yongjin , Bao Shasha , Deng Ailin , Ke Tengfei , Li Qinqing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose Heroin is a highly addictive drug that causes axonal damage. Here, manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) was used to dynamically monitor axonal transport in different stages after heroin addiction.Methods Rodent models of heroin addiction (HA) and heroin relapse (HR) were established by injection of different doses of heroin solution at different times. Heroin-induced learning and memory deficits were evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM). MEMRI was used to dynamically evaluate axonal transport through the olfactory pathway. The expression of proteins related to axonal structure and function were assessed by western blotting. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe ultrastructural changes. Neurofilament heavy chain (NF-H) protein levels were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining.Result HA model rats and especially HR model rats showed worse spatial learning and memory abilities than control rats. Compared with HA model rats and control rats, HR model rats exhibited a significant increase in escape latency and significant decreases in the number of platform location crossings and time spent in the target quadrant. Mn2+ transport was accelerated in HA model rats. HR model rats exhibited a severely insufficient capacity for Mn2+ transport, and the axonal transport rate (ATR) was significantly reduced in these rats compared to control rats (P<0.001). The levels of cytoplasmic dynein and KIF5 in rats in the HR group were significantly decreased (P<0.001), and the levels of energy-related proteins, including COX IV and ATPB, were lower in the HR group than the control group (P<0.001). The brains of heroin-exposed rats showed an abnormal ultrastructure, exhibiting neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Heroin decreased the expression of NF-H, with the staining intensity being significantly reduced in tissues from HA and HR model rats (P<0.05).Conclusion MEMRI can detect axonal transport dysfunction caused by long-term repeated exposure to heroin, and decreases in the levels of motor proteins and mitochondrial dysfunction may be the main causes of this axonal transport impairment. Thus, the study shows that MEMRI is a potential tool for visualizing axonal transport in individuals experiencing drug addiction, providing a new direction for the evaluation of addictive drug withdrawal.
Late-Term Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Argun Mustafa , Seber Turgut , Durmuş Sevgi Yaşar , Çelik İlhami , Taşçı Onur , Sunkak Süleyman , Özsoylu Serkan , Elmalı Ferhan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) develops as an exaggerated, complex, postinfectious immune response related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 virus), which affects all systems in the body. Cardiac involvement in children can have a spectrum ranging from mild disease to severe heart failure due to fulminant myocarditis. Cardiac involvement usually resolves after clinical recovery. However, the adverse effect of myocarditis on cardiac function after recovery is not fully known. In this study, we aimed to investigate cardiac involvement by performing cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after acute and recovery stage. Here, we describe the clinical and laboratory features and the effect of treatment on the development of fibrosis on cardiac MRI in 21 patients with MIS-C and the localization of fibrosis in five patients.When compared with 16 patients with normal cardiac MRI, five patients with cardiac fibrosis on MRI had a greater age (mean 14.4 ± 4.0 years vs 8.9 ± 3.5 years; p=0.007), a similar gender distribution (male/female: 3/2 vs 5/11; p= 0.325), a greater body mass index (BMI) (mean 22.68±4.48 kg/m2 vs 17.73±3.15 kg/m2;p=0.012), a lower leucocyte count, [median 5250/μl (3880-7790) vs 12065/μl (4210-21210); p=0.011], a lower neutrophil count [median 4000/μl (2150-6560) vs 9875/μl (2540-18500); p=0.019], a higher blood urea nitrogen level [median 15 mg/dL (11-26.8) vs 8.5 mg/dL (4-18); p=0.025], and a higher creatinine level (mean 0.61±0.07 mg/dL vs 0.45±0.14 mg/dL; p= 0.024). Cardiac fibrosis on MRI was located in the region of posterior right ventricle insertion point and in the midventricular septum.ConclusionsAdolescence and obesity appear as risk factors for the development of fibrosis as a late-term sequela of myocarditis. We believe that other mechanisms such as a complex immune system response and hemodynamic instability causing acute kidney injury may similarly play a role for the development of cardiac fibrosis. However, this subject should be clarified by more comprehensive studies. Furthermore, future studies reporting the follow-up data of patients with fibrosis are necessary to predict and manage adverse outcomes.
Breast cancer incidence and survival in Scotland by socio-economic deprivation and tumour subtype
Authors: Eguiagaray Ines Mesa , Wild Sarah H , Bird Sheila M , Williams Linda J , Brewster David H , Hall Peter S , Figueroa Jonine D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:Women from socio-economically deprived areas are less likely to develop and then to survive breast cancer (BC). It is unknown whether the associations between deprivation and BC incidence and survival differ by tumour subtypes.Methods:Data consisted of 62,378 women diagnosed with invasive BC between 2000 and 2016 in Scotland. Incidence rates and time trends were calculated for oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER-) tumours and stratified by quintiles of an area-based measure of socio-economic status and screening status. We calculated hazard ratios for BC death by molecular subtype adjusted for screening status and other confounders (aHR) for the most versus the least deprived quintile.Results:In Scotland, screen detected ER+ tumour incidence increased over time, particularly in the least deprived quintile (AAPC=2.9% [1.2, 4.7]) with no marked differences observed for non-screen detected ER+ tumours or ER- tumours by deprivation. BC mortality was higher in the most compared to the least deprived quintile irrespective of ER status (aHR =1.29 [1.18, 1.41] for ER+ and 1.27 [1.09, 1.47] for ER- tumours). Deprivation was also associated with significantly higher mortality for luminal A and HER2 enriched tumours (aHR =1.46 [1.13, 1.88] and 2.10 [1.23, 3.59] respectively) but the association was not statistically significant for luminal B and TNBC tumours.Conclusions:Deprivation is associated with differential breast cancer incidence trends for screen-detected ER+ tumours and with higher mortality for select tumour subtypes. Further research is required to confirm these findings and monitor inequalities in BC by tumour subtypes.
Histone Demethylase UTX Regulates Glioblastoma Progression Through Affecting Periostin Expression
Authors: Luan Yan , Liu Yingfei , Xue Jingwen , Wang Ke , Ma Kaige , Lu Haixia , Chen Xinlin , LIU YONG , Zhang Zhichao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The histone H3K27 demethylase UTX participates in regulating multiple cancer types. However, less is known about the function of UTX in glioblastoma (GBM), let alone in glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). Our study aims to investigate the functional role and regulatory mechanism of UTX on GBM. By summarizing data from the TCGA database, we showed that UTX expression was significantly increased in GBM and inversely correlated with survival. And knockdown UTX inhibited LN-229 cell (a human GBM cell line) proliferation and promoted apoptosis in a mouse xenograft model. Gene expression profile of UTX knockdown LN-229 cells was analyzed by RNA-seq. The results indicated that the altered genes were strongly associated with tumor progression and the extracellular environment. Bioinformatics and STRING database were used to elucidate the mechanism of UTX and the target gene. Protein-protein interaction analysis periostin (POSTN) protein could interact with most of the other UTX-mediated proteins. More importantly, POSTN supplement abolished the effect of UTX knockdown in GBM cells. Furthermore, silencing UTX exhibited a similar antitumor effect in patient-derived GSCs, while UTX functions were partially restored after exposing POSTN. Our findings suggested that knockdown UTX inhibited GBM progression and tumorigenesis by enhancing the levels of H3K27 methylation in the POSTN gene, thereby suppressing the expression of POSTN and lots of extracellular matrix proteins, providing that UTX might be a vigorous therapeutic strategy for GBM treatment.
Human orthopedic research articles convey information better than veterinary orthopedic research articles: Evidence-based manuscript writing guidelines
Authors: Evans Richard , Pozzi Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective.The objective of this study was to compare the brevity and clarity of human orthopedic articles to veterinary orthopedic articles. The goal is to provide authors and reviewers with objective, evidence-based guidelines to critically evaluate the brevity and clarity of veterinary manuscripts during the writing phase of research and the review process. Study design.We used word counts and the percent of active voice sentences to assess the brevity and clarity of the introduction sections and discussion sections in 15 randomly chosen veterinary orthopedic clinical trial articles and 15 randomly chosen human orthopedic clinical trial articles. Results.Veterinary introduction sections were on average 193 words longer than human introduction sections (p=0.001). Veterinary discussion sections were on average 370 words longer than human discussion sections. Veterinary introduction sections had on average 14.4 percent fewer active voice sentences than human introduction sections (p=0.003). Veterinary discussion sections had on average 8.3 percent fewer active voice sentences than human discussion sections. Conclusion.Human orthopedic clinical trial articles are more concise and direct than veterinary clinical trial articles.
25I seeds implantation for lymph nodes metastasisfrom radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma: A short-term efficacy and dosimetry study
Authors: Zhang Guoxu , Zhang Wenwen , Hao Shanshan , Wang Zhiguo , Ji Liqiu , Ge Xiangyan , Li Gen , Wang Youchao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 125I seeds implantation for lymph nodes metastasis (LNM) from radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma (RAIR-DTC), and to verify the computer three-dimensional treatment planning system (TPS) from the dosimetry accuracy in assisting seeds implantation to treat LNM.Methods and materials: Retrospective analysis was performed on 17 RAIR-DTC patients with LNM admitted to the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from December 2016 to January 2019 (8 males, 9 females, median age 58 years). All patients underwent preoperative TPS planning design, CT-guided puncture and 125I seeds implantation (seed activity 14.8-25.9 MBq). The dosimetric results of postoperative validation were compared with those of preoperative planning, including the dosimetric parameters such as target volume before and after surgery and the dose received by 90% and 100% gross tumor volume (GTV) (D90, D100),the percentage of GTV receiving 100% and 150% prescription dose (V100, V150), homogeneity index (HI). All patients underwent CT after 6 months to compare the LNM size, serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level, and the improvement of complications before and after treatment. Efficacies were divided into complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), stable disease (SD), progressive disease (PD). Paired t test or Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyze the data.Results: Among 17 patients, a total of 226 125I radioactive seeds were implanted. Among them, 1 achieved CR, 10 achieved PR, 4 were with SD, 2 were with PD. The median diameter of LNM was 1.40(0.65, 3.05) cm before treatment and 0.40(0.21，0.91) cm 6 months after treatment (z=-3.95, P<0.05). The median Tg before treatment was 23.50(20.94,72.92) μg/L and 8.90(3.20,40.22) μg/L 6 months after treatment (z=-5.009, P<0.001); Tg antibody were all negative. There were 90.90% (20/22) of patients had slightly lower D90 than the rescription dose ((12 378.8±3 182.0) vs (12 497.8±1 686.4) cGy; t=0.251, P>0.05). The postoperative dose parameters D100 and V150 ((6 881.5±1 381.8) cGy, (58.5±18.40)%) were both lower than that of preoperative plan ((8 085.8±2 330.0) cGy, (66.5±17.70)%; t values: 8.913, 3.032, both P<0.05), and there was no significant differences in the number of implanted particles, PTV, V100 and HI (t/Z =-0.593,-1.604,1.493,-0.663, respectively, all P>0.05).Conclusion: According to the TPS preoperative plan, 125I seeds implantation for treating RAIR-DTC LNM can achieve the expected dose distribution, and the short-term tumor local control is effective. It is a safe and effective treatment method.
Reference Role of Middle Turbinate Axilla in Lacrimal Sac Localization Assisted by Computed Tomographic Dacryocystography
Authors: Yang Lihong , Li Hongxun , Yin Zhi , Zhang Lei , Yang Zhenhai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To investigate the influencing factors and availability of locating the lacrimal sac by the reference position of the middle turbinate axilla (MTA) on computed tomographic dacryocystography (CT-DCG) images. A series of 192 endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgeries were performed in 162 patients . All the patients had been diagnosed as nasolacrimal duct obstruction and received CT-DCG examinations. According to the maximum transverse diameter of the lacrimal sac on CT-DCG, the patients were classified into three groups. Measurements were taken on CT-DCG parasagittal images. The average distance from the sac superior fundus (SSF) to the MTA was 7.52mm±3.23mm, and it increased with the increase of the maximum transverse diameter of sac among groups (p<0.01). The average distance from the common canaliculus (CC) to the MTA was 3.95mm±2.49 mm. No significant difference among the groups (p=0.11). The average distance from the CC to the SSF was 3.41mm±1.31mm, and it increased with the increase of the sac transverse diameter among groups (p<0.01). The lacrimal sac can be accurately located on the lateral nasal wall by the reference position of the MTA and the CC on CT-DCG images. The distance of the SSF to the MTA was influenced by the lacrimal sac size. The distance of the CC to the MTA was more constant on CT-DCG images.
The effect of drip irrigation under mulch on groundwater infiltration and recharge in a semi-arid agricultural region in China
Authors: Zhang Jing , Jing Haihua , Dong Kebao , Jin Zexu , Ma Jiaqi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The wide application of drip irrigation under mulch in semi-arid agricultural regions in China not only improves agricultural water efficiency, but also affects formation of groundwater and the mechanism of water infiltration to a certain extent. This paper takes the typical semi-arid agricultural region in China as the research object. The movement of soil water under the three types of underlying surface was simulated by the Hydrus-2D model for the quantitative analysis of groundwater recharge. The influence of drip irrigation under mulch on groundwater infiltration depth and cumulative infiltration amount under different level years was simulated. Taking a normal flow year as an example, the simulated results showed that the maximum infiltration depth of drip irrigation under mulch reached 250 cm, which was greater than that of border irrigation (138 cm) and bare area (158 cm). The cumulative infiltration amounts of drip irrigation under mulch at 80, 120, 140 and 200 cm were respectively 1,484.8 m3/hm2, 686.3 m3/hm2, 554.1 m3/hm2 and 238.1 m3/hm2, which were greater than that of border irrigation and bare land at the same depth. The results proved that drip irrigation under mulch could increase the infiltration depth and cumulative infiltration amount, which is beneficial to groundwater recharge in semi-arid agricultural regions of China.
Effect of solid waste landfill leachate contaminants on hydraulic conductivity of landfill liners
Authors: Özçoban Mehmet Şükrü , Acarer Seren , Tüfekci Neşe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Landfilling is one of the most widely used methods to reduce the impact on the environment and human health by ensuring the management of solid wastes. For the process in question to be called landfill, the landfill leachate must be controlled and liner impermeability conditions must be provided. For this reason, compacted clay liners (CCL) and geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) with very low hydraulic conductivity are often used as hydraulic barriers in landfills to prevent the risk of leachate mixing with groundwater. However, as a result of various interactions between leachate–clay liners, changes occur in the hydraulic conductivity of the liners. In this review, the change (increase/decrease) in the hydraulic conductivity of the landfill liners caused by the contaminants in the leachate composition and the mechanisms responsible for this change were examined. In addition, deficiencies in the literature on this subject were identified and directions for future studies were presented.
Kappa/Lambda light-chain typing in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kaya Zelal Zuhal , Tuzuner Mete Bora , Sahin Betul , Akgun Emel , Aksungar Fehime , Koca Sebile , Serdar Muhittin , Sahin Sevki , Cinar Nilgun , Karsidag Sibel , Hanagasi Hasmet Ayhan , Kilercik Meltem , Serteser Mustafa , k Baykal Ahmet Tari 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease according to symptomatic events is still a puzzling task. Developing a biomarker-based, low-cost, and high-throughput test, readily applicable in clinical laboratories, dramatically impacts the rapid and reliable detection of the disease.

Objective:
This study aimed to develop an accurate, sensitive, and reliable screening tool for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, which can significantly reduce the cost and time of existing methods.

Methods:
We have employed a MALDI-TOF-MS-based methodology combined with a microaffinity chromatography enrichment approach using affinity capture resins to determine serum kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) light chain levels in control and patients with AD.

Results:
We observed a statistically significant difference in the kappa light chain over lambda light chain (κLC/λLC) ratios between patients with AD and controls (% 95 CI: -0.547 to -0.269, p<0.001). Our method demonstrated higher sensitivity (100.00%) and specificity (71.43%) for discrimination between AD and controls.

Conclusion:
We have developed a high-throughput screening test with a novel sample enrichment method for determining κLC/λLC ratios associated with AD diagnosis. Following further validation, we believe our test has a potential for clinical laboratories.
Differential Effects of Processing Methods on the Antioxidant Activity of
Red and Cream Bambara Groundnut Seeds
Authors: Chinnapun Dutsadee 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The red and cream bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)
are generally grown in Thailand. Bambara groundnut seeds must be cooked before consumption.
However, the differential effects of processing methods on the antioxidant activity of red and
cream bambara groundnut seeds remain unknown.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity affected by the steaming, boiling,
and dry heating processes of red and cream bambara groundnut seeds.

Methods:
Red and cream bambara groundnut seeds were treated with steaming, boiling, and dry
heating processes, and the antioxidant compounds, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity
(SOSA), and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity were evaluated.

Results:
Compared to the raw sample of red bambara groundnut seeds, all processing methods
decreased total phenolic and tannin content. Only the steaming process caused a significant reduction
in total flavonoid content. All processing methods increased SOSA in the sample of red
bambara groundnut seeds. Out of all the processes, the boiling process produced the highest SOSA.
However, only the steaming process caused an increase in the hydroxyl radical scavenging
activity of red bambara groundnut seed samples. For cream bambara groundnut seeds, only the
dry heating process significantly reduced total phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid content compared
to the raw sample. All processing methods decreased the SOSA in the sample of cream bambara
groundnut seeds. Only the steaming process caused a significant increase in hydroxyl radical
scavenging activity.

Conclusion:
All processes caused an increase in SOSA in red bambara groundnut seeds, however,
caused the loss of SOSA in cream bambara groundnut seeds. In both red and cream bambara
groundnut seeds, steaming was more efficient than raw, boiling, or dry heating for hydroxyl radical
scavenging activities.
User Experience dan Antarmuka Pengguna Berbasis Audio pada Aplikasi Blindness Guidance
Authors: Cai Hong Liang , Hareva David H , Lazarusli Irene A 
Published: February 2022

Aplikasi blindness guidance merupakan sebuah sistem yang dirancang untuk membantu orang- orang tunanetra agar dapat mencapai lokasi tujuan dengan aman. Sejauh ini, orang-orang tunanetra tidak dapat menggunakan sistem untuk bernavigasi seperti Google Maps karena sistem-sistem tersebut tidak mengintegrasikan fitur-fitur esensial seperti tampilan pengguna (User Interface) yang sesuai dengan keterbatasan pengguna untuk dapat memberikan peringatan dan informasi yang dapat membuat pengguna menjadi lebih aman. Tampilan pengguna atau User Interface yang dibuat akan dilengkapi dengan fitur text-to-speech maupun speech-to-text sehingga pengguna tunanetra dapat melakukan komunikasi langsung tanpa kesulitan yang disebabkan karena keterbatasannya. Platform Google Maps akan diintegrasikan di dalam sistem ini. Tampilan yang dibuat akan diuji dengan melontarkan 14 pertanyaan ke 6 responden yang dirumuskan berdasarkan 6 aspek. Aspek-aspek yang dimaksud adalah: attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, dependability, stimulation, dan novelty. Nilai rata-rata dari masing- masing aspek adalah: 5.71, 5.58, 5.39, 5.08, 5.92, dan 5.83 dari nilai maksimal 7 secara berurutan. Berdasarkan hasil survei tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi ini mungkin dapat menolong orang tunanetra untuk bernavigasi layaknya orang awam
Antena Mikrostrip Lingkaran untuk Komunikasi MIMO 4x4 pada Frekuensi 15 GHz
Authors: Utami Eva Yovita Dwi , Novaldy Jesicha Claudya , Febrianto Andreas Ardian 
Published: February 2022

Pada jurnal ini dirancang dan direalisasikan antena mikrostrip patch lingkaran MIMO 4x4 array 2 elemen yang bekerja pada frekuensi 15 GHz. Antena yang dirancang disimulasikan dengan menggunakan software CST Microwave Studio 2018. Bahan substrat yang digunakan adalah Duroid 5880, Simulasi rancangan antena menghasilkan return loss sebesar -22,557 dB, VSWR dengan nilai 1,1611, mutual coupling bernilai -40,525 dB lebar pita sebesar 1,482 dan gain mencapai 9,69 dB pada frekuensi resonansi 15 GHz. Antena yang direalisasikan berukuran 40x60,64 mm. Dari hasil pengukuran antena yang telah direalisasikan, diperoleh nilai return loss sebesar -26,8709 dB, VSWR sebesar 1,095, bandwidth sebesar 1,6 GHz dengan rentang frekuensi 14 GHz – 15,6 GHz, dan gain sebesar 14,39 dB pada frekuensi kerja 15 GHz.