bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neighbors matter: Vocal variation in Gentoo Penguins depends on the species composition of their colony
Authors: Rößler Helen , Lynch Maureen , Torres Ortiz Sara , Næsbye Larsen Ole , Beaulieu Michaël 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
When suitable nesting habitat is rare, birds may have to share it with heterospecific individuals with similar nesting requirements. The resulting species mosaic may in turn affect how breeding birds communicate vocally with each other. For instance, they may modify their vocalizations if the ambient noise produced by heterospecifics interferes with their own vocalizations. The colonies of Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua ellsworthi) are interesting to examine whether such a vocal variation occurs in colonial seabirds, as these birds frequently breed in the same colony as Adélie (P. adeliae) or Chinstrap (P. antarcticus) penguins. We investigated whether the presence of congeneric penguins breeding in the same colony as Gentoo Penguins affected the acoustic characteristics of their most common vocalization, the ecstatic display call. Based on vocalizations recorded in 23 breeding colonies along the Antarctic Peninsula during 3 field seasons, we found that the frequency of ecstatic display calls of Gentoo Penguins was consistently lower (average exhale phrase ~460 Hz lower, average inhale phrase ~370 Hz lower) as well as decreased in energy distribution when they bred in mixed colonies with Adélie Penguins than when they bred only in proximity to conspecifics. In contrast, the frequency of both inhale and exhale phrases was unaffected by the presence of Chinstrap Penguins, potentially due to the already greater frequency difference between these 2 species. The apparent vocal plasticity, in mixed colonies with Adélie Penguins, likely allows Gentoo Penguins to adjust the quality of their vocalizations depending on the acoustic space available in their colonies, and hence possibly enhance signal transmission between conspecifics. However, whether this acoustic adjustment is sufficient to increase the detectability of vocalizations and localization of individuals has yet to be determined.
TOUCH 3 and CALMODULIN 1/4/6 cooperate with calcium-dependent protein kinases to trigger calcium-dependent activation of CAM-BINDING PROTEIN 60-LIKE G and regulate fungal resistance in plants
Authors: Sun Lifan , Qin Jun , Wu Xiaoyun , Zhang Jinghan , Zhang Jie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Plants utilize localized cell-surface and intracellular receptors to sense microbes and activate the influx of calcium, which serves as an important second messenger in eukaryotes to regulate cellular responses. However, the mechanisms through which plants decipher calcium influx to activate immune responses remain largely unknown. Here, we show that pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) trigger calcium-dependent phosphorylation of CAM-BINDING PROTEIN 60-LIKE G (CBP60g) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE5 (CPK5) phosphorylates CBP60g directly, thereby enhancing its transcription factor activity. TOUCH 3 (TCH3) and its homologs CALMODULIN (CAM) 1/4/6 and CPK4/5/6/11 are required for PAMP-induced CBP60g phosphorylation. TCH3 interferes with the auto-inhibitory region of CPK5 and promotes CPK5-mediated CBP60g phosphorylation. Furthermore, CPKs-mediated CBP60g phosphorylation positively regulates plant resistance to soil-borne fungal pathogens. These lines of evidence uncover a novel calcium signal decoding mechanism during plant immunity through which TCH3 relieves auto-inhibition of CPK5 to phosphorylate and activate CBP60g. The findings reveal cooperative interconnections between different types of calcium sensors in eukaryotes.
Hours Constraints, Occupational Choice, and Gender: Evidence from Medical Residents
Authors: Wasserman Melanie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Do the long work hours required by many high-paying professions inhibit the entry of women? I investigate this question by studying a 2003 policy that capped the average workweek for medical residents at 80 hours. Using data on the universe of US medical school graduates, I find that when a specialty reduces its weekly hours, more women enter the specialty, whereas there is little change in men’s entry. I provide evidence that the increase in women is due to changes in labour supply, rather than labour demand. At the residency program level, I document that baseline female representation predicts female entry after the reform. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that the reallocation of women among medical specialties due to the hours reduction can close the physician gender wage gap by 11$\%$.
Lupus myocarditis: review of current diagnostic modalities and their application in clinical practice
Authors: du Toit Riette , Karamchand Sumanth , Doubell Anton F , Reuter Helmuth , Herbst Phillip G 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Lupus myocarditis (LM) is a potentially fatal manifestation of SLE, occurring in 5–10% of patients. Clinical manifestations may vary from an unexplained tachycardia to fulminant congestive cardiac failure (CCF). With no single clinical or imaging modality being diagnostic, a rational and practical approach to the patient presenting with possible LM is essential. Markers of myocyte injury (including troponin I and creatine kinase) may be unelevated and do not exclude a diagnosis of LM. Findings on ECG are non-specific but remain essential to exclude other causes of CCF such as an acute coronary syndrome or conduction disorders. Echocardiographic modalities including wall motion abnormalities and speckle tracking echocardiography may demonstrate regional and/or global left ventricular dysfunction and is more sensitive than conventional echocardiography, especially early in the course of LM. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is regarded as the non-invasive diagnostic modality of choice in myocarditis. While more sensitive and specific than echocardiography, CMRI has certain limitations in the context of SLE, including technical challenges in acutely unwell and uncooperative patients, contraindications to gadolinium use in the context of renal impairment (including lupus nephritis) and limited literature regarding the application of recommended diagnostic CMRI criteria in SLE. Both echocardiography as well as CMRI may detect subclinical myocardial dysfunction and/or injury of which the clinical significance remains uncertain. Considering these challenges, a combined decision-making approach by rheumatologists and cardiologists interpreting diagnostic test results within the clinical context of the patient is essential to ensure an accurate, early diagnosis of LM.
Endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-induced lipotoxicity in human kidney epithelial cells
Authors: Çeker Tuğçe , Yılmaz Çağatay , Kırımlıoglu Esma , Aslan Mutay 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Accumulation of lipids and their intermediary metabolites under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress instigates metabolic failure, described as lipotoxicity, in the kidney. This study aimed to determine ER-stress-related sphingolipid and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) changes in human kidney cells. Tunicamycin (TM) was employed to induce ER stress and an ER stress inhibitor, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), was given to minimize cytotoxicity. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Sphingomyelin (SM), ceramide (CER), and PUFA levels were measured by LC–MS/MS. Glucose-regulated protein 78-kd (GRP78), cleaved caspase-3 and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) levels were assessed by immunofluorescence. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), total COX, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured to evaluate changes in enzyme activity. Decreased cell viability was observed in TM treated cells. Administration of TUDCA following TM treatment significantly increased cell viability compared to TM treatment alone. Tunicamycin-induced ER stress was confirmed by significantly increased protein levels of GRP78. A significant increase was observed in C18-C24 CERs and caspase-3 activity, while a significant decrease occurred in sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and cPLA2 activity in cells treated with TM versus controls. The decrease in cPLA2 activity was accompanied by significantly increased PUFA levels in TM treated cells. TUDCA treatment in conjunction with TM significantly decreased ER stress, C18-C24 CERs, caspase 3 activity, and increased S1P levels. Results show the buildup of long chain CERs and PUFAs in kidney cells undergoing ER stress alongside increased apoptotic activity. TUDCA administration, along with TM treatment alleviated the buildup of CERs and TM-induced apoptotic activity in kidney epithelial cells.
Age and Time Horizons Are Associated With Preferences for Helping Colleagues
Authors: Shavit Yochai Z , Chi Kevin , Carstensen Laura L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present study examined the causal role of time horizons in age differences in worker motivation. Based on socioemotional selectivity theory (SST), we hypothesized that under unspecified time horizons, older workers prefer to engage in emotionally meaningful work activities more so than younger workers. We further hypothesized that when time horizons at work are expanded or limited, age differences are eliminated. We recruited a sample of employees (N = 555) and randomly assigned them to one of three experimental conditions: a no-instruction condition in which time horizons were not specified, an expanded time horizons condition, or a limited horizons condition. We asked participants to choose from among three options for work-related activities: Helping a colleague or a friend, working on a career-advancing project, or working on a project which may take the company in a new direction. Consistent with SST postulates, we found that age was associated with preferences for helping colleagues in the unspecified horizons condition, and that age differences were eliminated when time horizons were extended or limited. As hypothesized, expanding time horizons reduced employees’ likelihood of choosing to help colleagues. Contrary to our hypothesis, limiting time horizons also reduced the likelihood of choosing to help colleagues. Alternative explanations are considered. Findings suggest that age differences in worker motivation are shaped by time horizons and that modification of time horizons can alter work preferences.
Preventing patient positioning injuries in the nonoperating room setting
Authors: Moody Alastair , Chacin Beca , Chang Candace 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Postprocedural positioning injuries are an under-appreciated source of morbidity for patients. These injuries may not present until days after anesthesia and may be missed for multiple reasons including the distracting injury of the procedural site, illness of the patient, lack of follow-up, and insufficient awareness of this type of injury. Risks for these adverse events are exacerbated in the nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) population for several reasons. These patients tend to be older and sicker than patients presenting to the operating room, increasing the risk of an injury. Proceduralists and anesthesia providers are usually consultants, not the primary care team, so may have limited patient follow-up. This review will discuss the risk factors for position-related injuries and how to prevent them with proper positioning and padding.

Recent findings
The mainstay of preventing periprocedural positioning injuries is careful positioning of the patient and proper padding of pressure points. This may be particularly challenging because of physical constraints and positioning requirements for NORA procedures, as well as preference for radiolucent positioning materials. Recent studies have shown the potential benefit of monitoring somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) in high-risk patients.

Summary
Careful consideration of patient positioning and thorough understanding of peripheral nerve and pressure injuries is essential for anesthesia providers to avoid positioning injuries during NORA procedures.

Video Abstract

http://links.lww.com/COAN/A87.
Perspectives of Patients Receiving Telemedicine Services for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: A Qualitative Analysis of User Experiences
Authors: Sousa Jessica L. , Raja Pushpa , Huskamp Haiden A. , Mehrotra Ateev , Busch Alisa B. , Barnett Michael L. , Uscher-Pines Lori 
Published: July 2022

Objective
Telemedicine for opioid use disorder (tele-OUD) has the potential to increase access to medications for OUD (MOUD). Fully virtual tele-OUD services, in which all care is provided via telemedicine, are increasingly common, yet few studies document the experiences of patients who use such services. Understanding patient perspectives is one of multiple considerations to inform the regulation and reimbursement of tele-OUD services.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 adults receiving care from one fully virtual tele-OUD service who had received 3 to 5 weeks of treatment. Analyses were conducted using an inductive and deductive approach informed by the modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model.

Results
Over three quarters of patients with past experience receiving in-person MOUD treatment described tele-OUD as more advantageous with its key strength being more patient centered. Over three quarters of patients said they felt tele-OUD helped to ameliorate social barriers to seeking treatment, and nearly all said they appreciated the speed at which they were able to initiate MOUD treatment via tele-OUD. Surprisingly, the pandemic was not among the factors that influenced patient interest in tele-OUD.

Conclusions
Patients engaged in one fully virtual tele-OUD service described unique advantages of tele-OUD. More research is needed to determine the appropriateness of tele-OUD for people in various stages of recovery, and data on long-term treatment outcomes are needed to inform decisions regarding the regulation and reimbursement of fully virtual and hybrid care models for OUD.
Procedure-Related Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infection in Dermatologic Surgery
Authors: Schlager Justin Gabriel , Hartmann Daniela , Ruiz San Jose Virginia , Patzer Kathrin , French Lars E. , Kendziora Benjamin 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND
Identifying risk factors is essential for preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) in dermatologic surgery.

OBJECTIVE
To analyze whether specific procedure-related factors are associated with SSI.

METHODS
This systematic review of the literature included MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and trial registers. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used for risk bias assessment. If suitable, the authors calculated risk factors and performed meta-analysis using random effects models. Otherwise, data were summarized narratively.

RESULTS
Fifteen observational studies assessing 25,928 surgical procedures were included. Seven showed good, 2 fair, and 6 poor study quality. Local flaps (risk ratio [RR] 3.26, 95% confidence intervall [CI] 1.92–5.53) and skin grafting (RR 2.95, 95% CI 1.37–6.34) were associated with higher SSI rates. Simple wound closure had a significantly lower infection risk (RR 0.34, 95% CI 0.25–0.46). Second intention healing showed no association with SSI (RR 1.82, 95% CI 0.40–8.35). Delayed wound closure may not affect the SSI rate. The risk for infection may increase with the degree of preoperative contamination. There is limited evidence whether excisions >20 mm or surgical drains are linked to SSI.

CONCLUSION
Local flaps, skin grafting, and severely contaminated surgical sites have a higher risk for SSI. Second intention healing and probably delayed wound closure are not associated with postoperative wound infection.
Is There a Smoking Gun for Nicotine? A Review of the Role of Nicotine in Dermatologic Surgery
Authors: Jin Mauricio F. , Campbell Elliott H. , Somani Ally-Khan 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND
Dermatologic surgeons are faced with a dilemma when counseling actively smoking patients who require dermatologic surgery: recommend total cessation of all nicotine that is associated with extremely high rates of cessation failure or recommend nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).

OBJECTIVE
To determine the safety of NRT in dermatologic surgery.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed was queried: [(nicotine OR electronic cigarettes) AND (flap OR wound healing)].

RESULTS
Smoking tobacco is detrimental to wound healing, supported by ample evidence (1A). Perioperative smoking cessation reduces risk (1B). Basic science demonstrates both a benefit and detriment of nicotine depending on the factor studied (2A). Human studies suggest no detrimental effect of nicotine on perioperative complications (1B). Nicotine may be detrimental to flaps, but evidence is limited to basic science (2A).

CONCLUSION
Dermatologists should consider recommending nicotine replacement for smokers in the perioperative period. Evidence is lacking to determine safety in flaps. It is presumed based on animal studies that nicotine has a negative effect on flaps; however, it is likely less than tobacco. Weighing the risk of cessation failure without nicotine replacement versus nicotine replacement after flap is challenging. Electronic cigarettes should be discouraged as a means of NRT.
Research Letter: Long-Term Outcomes Following Cognitive Rehabilitation for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A 5-Year Follow-Up of a Cohort From the SCORE Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kennedy Jan E. , Cooper Douglas B. , Curtiss Glenn , Shelton Janel L. , Bowles Amy O. , Tate David F. , Eapen Blessen C. , Vanderploeg Rodney D. 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To examine the functioning of military service members 5 years after completing a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of cognitive rehabilitation for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Setting:
Home-based telephonic interview and internet-based self-ratings.

Participants:
Sixty-nine of the 126 (55%) active-duty service members who were enrolled in a 4-arm RCT of cognitive rehabilitation 3 to 24 months after mTBI and were successfully contacted by phone 5 years later. Original and 5-year follow-up participants in each of 4 RCT treatment arms included: psychoeducation (n = 32 original, n = 17 follow-up), computer (n = 30 original, n = 11 follow-up), therapist-directed (n = 30 original, n = 23 follow-up), integrated (n = 34 original, n = 18 follow-up).

Design:
Inception cohort evaluated 5 years after completion of an RCT of cognitive rehabilitation.

Main Measures:
Postconcussion symptoms (Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory total score), psychological distress (Symptom Checklist-90-revised Global Severity Index score), and functional cognitive/behavioral symptoms (Key Behaviors Change Inventory total average score).

Results:
Participants' postconcussive symptoms and psychological distress improved at the 5-year follow-up. Functional cognitive/behavioral symptoms were not significantly improved, but therapeutic gains were maintained across time, to 5 years after completing the RCT.

Conclusion:
In this sample of military personnel, postconcussive symptoms and psychological distress significantly improved from posttreatment to 5 years after cognitive rehabilitation, regardless of treatment arm. Functional cognitive/behavioral symptoms significantly improved with treatment while treatment gains were maintained at the 5-year follow-up. Replication of these results with a larger sample and interim data between 18 weeks and 5 years post-treatment is needed.
Is Traumatic Brain Injury Severity in Service Members and Veterans Related to Health-Related Quality of Life in Their Caregivers?
Authors: Brickell Tracey A. , Lippa Sara M. , Wright Megan M. , Varbedian Nicole V. , Tippett Corie E. , Byrd Anice M. , French Louis M. , Lange Rael T. 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To examine the relationship between service member/veteran (SM/V) traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity with caregiver health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Setting:
Military treatment facility.

Participants:
Caregivers (N = 316) of SM/Vs following a TBI divided into 2 groups based on SM/V TBI severity: (1) caregivers of SM/Vs following an uncomplicated mild TBI (UnMTBI Caregiver group, n = 246), and (2) caregivers of SM//Vs following a complicated mild, moderate, severe, or penetrating TBI (STBI Caregiver group, n = 70). The STBI Caregiver group was further divided into 2 subgroups: Parent (n = 21) versus Intimate Partner (n = 49). The UnMTBI Caregiver group consisted of intimate partners.

Design:
Prospective cohort.

Main Measures:
Caregivers completed 15 HRQOL measures.

Results:
Using analysis of variance and chi-square analysis, the UnMTBI Caregiver group reported worse scores on 12 HRQOL measures and more clinically elevated scores for 6 of 15 comparisons than the STBI Caregiver group. The UnMTBI Caregiver group also reported worse scores on 10 HRQOL measures than intimate partners in the STBI Caregiver group and 5 measures than parents in the STBI Caregiver group. Parents reported worse scores on 3 measures than intimate partners in the STBI Caregiver group. The UnMTBI Caregiver group reported more clinically elevated scores for 7 of 15 comparisons than intimate partners in the STBI Caregiver group.

Conclusion:
Intimate partner caregivers of an SM/V following a remote uncomplicated MTBI reported worse HRQOL than intimate partners and parent caregivers of an SM/V following a more severe TBI, mostly likely due to SM/V physical and mental health comorbidities. Interventions that focus on the SM/V's TBI and other comorbidities, the caregiver's behavioral health problems, and the relationship and family factors that interact with each other will likely have the most success in improving individual and family outcomes for military families.
Contextual Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Connectome: Differential Effects of Deployment- and Non–Deployment-Acquired Injuries
Authors: Rowland Jared A. , Stapleton-Kotloski Jennifer R. , Rogers Emily , Taber Katherine H. , Godwin Dwayne W. , Martindale Sarah L. 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To identify differential effects of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurring in a deployment or nondeployment setting on the functional brain connectome.

Setting:
Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Participants:
In total, 181 combat-exposed veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan (n = 74 with deployment-related mild TBI, average time since injury = 11.0 years, SD = 4.1).

Design:
Cross-sectional observational study.

Main Measures:
Mid-Atlantic MIRECC (Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center) Assessment of TBI, Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, connectome metrics.

Results:
Linear regression adjusting for relevant covariates demonstrates a significant (P < .05 corrected) association between deployment mild TBI with reduced global efficiency (nonstandardized β = −.011) and degree of the K-core (nonstandardized β = −.79). Nondeployment mild TBI was significantly associated with a reduced number of modules within the connectome (nonstandardized β = −2.32). Finally, the interaction between deployment and nondeployment mild TBIs was significantly (P < .05 corrected) associated with increased mean (nonstandardized β = 9.92) and mode (nonstandardized β = 14.02) frequency at which connections occur.

Conclusions:
These results demonstrate distinct effects of mild TBI on the functional brain connectome when sustained in a deployment versus nondeployment context. This is consistent with findings demonstrating differential effects in other areas such as psychiatric diagnoses and severity, pain, sleep, and cognitive function. Furthermore, participants were an average of 11 years postinjury, suggesting these represent chronic effects of the injury. Overall, these findings add to the growing body of evidence, suggesting the effects of mild TBI acquired during deployment are different and potentially longer lasting than those of mild TBI acquired in a nondeployment context.