bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Assessment of Regional Primary English Education Based on Big Data: A Case Study of Gansu Province
Authors: Nan Jialan , Yu Fu , Xu xinying , Feng Ren , Liang Wenhui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Recently, big data attract great attention from industries, academia, and governments. Education big data from teaching and learning processes used to assess elementary education level is scarce in China. Case description: Gansu province, located in the northwest China, is one of the most backward economy areas where the development of elementary English education falls far behind developed areas of the country. Taking Gansu province as a case study and English subject in senior high schools as the study object, we use score data of English academic proficiency test (2018-2020) from 322 senior high schools to explore spatial-temporal differences of English education level among those schools in order to promote the balanced development of regional education. First we briefly describe the generation of English big data from senior high schools, and then, we mine the big data to analyze the difference of the English education level using the anomaly method, the comparison method, the cluster analysis method, and hot point analysis method. English excellence degree is developed as an indicator to assess elementary English education level. Discussion and Evalution: The results show that: (1) there exists obvious difference in English education level among the selected senior high schools: the highest average value of English excellence degree is 759 times the lowest, and the number of schools with negative anomalies accounts for more than 50%; (2) English excellence degree displays an obvious agglomeration characteristic in Lanzhou city, the provincial capital, that is, the hot spots (high English level) of English excellence degree are located in Lanzhou, while the cold spots (low English level) are concentrated in minority and poor areas such as Linxia autonomous region, the major part of Longnan and the eastern part of Qingyang; (3) The investigation in the form of questionnaires confirms the fact that disadvantage schools in English level are usually lack of good teachers who have a preference to teach in areas with good conditions. Conclusion: From the results, we can draw the conclusion that big data play an important role in quantitatively assessing basic education level, which lays foundation for improving the regional education level. Individuals’ value orientation of study, attitude towards study and the study behavior will be investigated in the future.
Associations between cognitive impairment and cerebrovascular reserve in different lobes during the acute stroke of anterior circulations
Authors: Chu Mengna , Dong Wei , Huang Chao , Dong Bin , Yao Ming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Cognitive impairments at the acute stroke phase should not be ignored, and its potential risk factors and mechanism need to be clinically assessed. Recently, various studies revealed that reduced cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) predicts cognitive declines such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, the association of CVR in different lobes with cognitive impairment at the acute stroke phase remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the correlation between CVR in different lobes and cognitive impairment at the acute stroke phase in cerebral infarction patients.
Method
This study included 125 subjects: 96 in the acute stroke phase (38 left infarction and 58 right infarction) and 29 healthy controls with no history of neurological disease. The basic sociodemographic characteristics of the two groups matched and their cognitive status was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The CVR was assessed by CT perfusion imaging scans, including cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (MTT).
Results
The MoCA scores of visuospatial/executive, attention, and orientation in both left and right infarctions patients significantly decreased. Nevertheless, the MoCA scores for naming, language, and delayed recall significantly only decreased in left infarction patients. The CBF of right vessels in the frontal lobe and the MTT of left vessels in the occipital lobe was negatively related to the MoCA scores of left infarction patients. The CBV of left vessels in the frontal lobe and CBF of left vessels in the parietal lobe were positively related to the MoCA scores of left infarction patients. The CBF of right vessels in the temporal lobe was negatively related to the MoCA scores of right infarction patients. Finally, the CBF of the left vessels in the temporal lobe was positively related to the MoCA scores of right infarction patients.
Conclusions
CVR was closely related to cognitive impairment at the acute stroke phase. Decreasing CVR might be a potential neuroimaging biomarker to predict cognitive impairment at the acute stroke phase.
Modeling Anaerobic Co-digestion of Food Wastes and Cattle Manure in an Industrial Plant: a System Dynamic Approach
Authors: Azeez Sarafadeen Ayinde , Gwandangaji Danshehu Bagudu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Even though the Anaerobic Digestion Model number 1 (ADM1) is acceptable and widely used model for anaerobic digestion, it is associated with large number of experimental data and large number of model parameter identification thereby making it difficult to be utilized for optimization and control design. In this study, the applicability of Anaerobic Digestion Model number 2 (AM2) model to co-digestion of food wastes and cattle manure in an industrial biogas plant’s digester is explored. The model was modified and reconstructed in system dynamic modeling software (STELLA) for better interpretation and understanding. The predictive ability of the model using the model parameters estimated in Premium Solver was checked by comparing model results (biogas flow and compositions) with ADMI simulated results and the experimental data. In order to gain insight on variability of biogas flow and compositions as a result of change in some important process variables, sensitivity analysis was conducted. The simulation results of the modified AM2 model were found to correspond with the measured value with percentages errors of 1.42% and 0.6% for methane concentration and biogas flow respectively. The process variables associated with methanogenesis stage were obtained to be the most sensitive variables. The use of system dynamic modeling linked to AM2 model which is tractable, reduced and robust is therefore recommended for simulation of full scale biogas plant’s digester.
Neural Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Protect Spinal Cord Injury by the Transfer of miR-31-5p
Authors: Jiang Dongdong , Luo Yongjun , Wu Xiaoshu , Huang Chenyu , Liu Yang , Yin Zhaowei , Li Jiayi , Yang Dawei , Gu Qiangrong , Zhang Qiaofeng , Wang Hongyu , Yao Qingqiang , Jiang Fei , Tang Pengyu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic damage that causes changes in its motor function permanently. Reactive astrocytes is a pathological feature of spinal cord injury (SCI). Exosomes take part in the transportation of miRNAs and play an a novel platform for intercellular communication in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the effect of miRNAs in Neuronal stem cells (NSCs) derived exosomes in SCI was unknown. in vivo SCI model and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of exosomes. NSCs-derived exosomes promoted motor function recovery by shifting astrocytes from the A1 to A2 phenotype. microarray analysis of miRNA showed that miR-31-5p was the most enriched in NSCs-derived exosomes. Bioinformatics, RIP, and luciferase activity predicted IL34 was the target downstream gene of miR-31-5p. Western bloting examined IL34/STAT3 signaling pathway involved in modulating atrocities by the exosomal miR-31-5p. Rescue experiments evaluate that exosomal miR-31-5p shifting astrocytes A1 to A2 phenotype by inhibiting IL34/STAT3 signaling cascades, and promoted motor function recovery in mice after SCI.
Costs And Benefits of “Insect Friendly” Artificial Lights Are Taxon Specific
Authors: Owens Avalon C.S. , Dressler Caroline , Lewis Sara M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The expansion of human activity into natural habitats often results in the introduction of artificial light at night, which can disrupt local ecosystems. Recent advances in LED technology have enabled spectral tuning of artificial light sources, which could in theory limit their impact on vulnerable taxa. To date, however, experimental comparisons of ecologically friendly candidate colors have mostly considered only one type of behavioral impact, often on only single species. Resulting recommendations cannot be broadly implemented if their consequences for other local taxa are unknown. Working at a popular firefly ecotourism site, we exposed the insect community to artificial illumination of three colors (blue, amber, red) and measured flight-to-light behavior as well as the courtship flash behavior of male Photinus carolinus fireflies. Firefly courtship activity was greatest under blue and red lights, while the most flying insects were attracted to blue and amber lights. Thus, while impacts of spectrally tuned artificial light varied across taxa, our results suggest that red light, rather than amber light, is least disruptive to insects overall, and thus more generally insect friendly.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Iranian Women With Genital Mutilation
Authors: Abdollahzadeh Mahsa , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Jahdi Niloufar Sattarzadeh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The conflicting evidence on the relationship between female genital mutilation/ cutting (FGM/C‎) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be due to the differences in the prevalence and type of FGM/C‎ in different societies. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency and severity of PTSD and its related factors among Iranian women with genital mutilation.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 155 women with genital mutilation aged 18-45 years referred to the health centers in Mahabad, located in west of Iran from October 2020 to April 2021. The participants were selected using convenience sampling method. After obtaining the informed consent form from the participants, the first researcher in the presence of a gynecologist determined the type of genital mutilation through the gynecological examination. The data were collected using demographic and obstetric characteristics and post-traumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL5) and analyzed using SPSS21 software. Further, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multivariate linear regression were used.Result: Six women (3.9%) with genital mutilation had PTSD. The mean (SD) score of the PTSD symptoms among women with genital mutilation was 27.73 (6.79), ranging from 0 - 80. The age of genital mutilation, level of education, and type of residence were considered as the most important predictors of the severity of the symptoms of PTSD among women with type 1 genital mutilation, as explaining 48.1% of the variance.Conclusion and recommendation: The results indicated that the severity of the PTSD symptoms enhanced among women with genital mutilation by increasing age of genital mutilation and decreasing socio-economic levels. It is recommended to conduct the similar studies among women with other types of FGM/C‎.
Fractionation of Organic C, Nutrients, Metals And Bacteria In Peat Porewater And Ice After Freezing And Thawing
Authors: Morgalev Sergey Yu. , Lim Artem G. , Morgaleva Tamara G. , Morgalev Yuri N. , Manasypov Rinat M. , Kuzmina Daria , Shirokova Liudmila S. , Orgogozo Laurent , Loiko Sergey V. , Pokrovsky Oleg S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To better understand freezing - thawing cycles operating in peat soils of permafrost landscapes, we experimentally modelled bi-directional freezing and thawing of the three sections of 90-cm long peat core collected from a discontinuous permafrost zone in western Siberia. We measured translocation of microorganisms and changes in porewater chemistry (pH, UV absorbance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and major and trace element concentrations) after thawing and two-way freezing of peat cores. We demonstrate that bi-directional freezing and thawing of a peat core is capable of strongly modifying the vertical pattern of bacteria, DOC, nutrients, and trace element concentrations. Sizeable enrichment (a factor of 2 to 5) of DOC, macro- (P, K, Ca) and micro-nutrients (Ni, Mn, Co, Rb, B) and some low-mobile trace elements in several horizons of ice and peat porewater after freeze/thaw experiment may stem from physical disintegration of peat particles, leaching of peat constituents and opening of isolated (non-connected) pores during freezing front migration. However, due to the appearance of multiple maxima of element concentration after a freeze-thaw event, the use of peat ice chemical composition as environmental archive for paleo-reconstructions is unwarranted.
Wetting patterns in a subsurface irrigation system by using reservoirs of different permeabilities: experimental and HYDRUS-2D/3D modeling
Authors: Jafari Zahra , Matinkhah SayedHamid , Mosaddeghi Mohammad Reza 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study, wetting patterns around the reservoirs with different permeability (low, medium, and high) were assessed in the field and simulated using the HYDRUS-2D/3D software. The results showed that the highest soil water content was observed near the reservoir and it decreased with increasing distance from the reservoir. In the high permeability treatment, a large volume of water was released for almost three days, so that, more water was deep-percolated and lowered the soil water available to plant roots. In the low and medium permeability treatments, the water content slowly moved and observed that the maximum soil water content occurred in the 20-40 cm layer overtime. The HYDRUS-2D/3D software was able to simulate water flow and soil water content during the growth period of plants with a high correspondence between measured and simulated soil water contents (R2 = 0.90-0.95).
Persistence of Antibiotic Resistance from Agricultural Effluents to Surface Water Revealed in Metagenome Assembled Genomes
Authors: Kim Jin Ju , Seong Hoon Je , Cha Chang-Jun , Johnson Timothy Alan , Sul Woo Jun , Chae Jong-Chan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDespite the increasing concerns about antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewaters released from livestock or fish farms into the natural environment, studies on unculturable bacteria related to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance are limited. Here, we assessed the impact of the microbial antibiotic resistome and mobilome in wastewaters released in Korean rivers by reconstructing metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) using a novel refining method.ResultsWe reconstructed 1,100 MAGs using Korean river and wastewater metagenome samples and presented Additional Clustering Refiner (ACR), a method that significantly reduced contamination of genome quality. Our results indicate that ARGs harbored in the MAGs were disseminated from wastewater effluents into the downstream environment of rivers. Among the effluent-derived phyla, uncultured members of the superphylum Patescibacteria harbored ARGs co-localized with mobile genetic elements. The most abundantly detected ARGs associated with mobile genetic elements in the wastewater effluents and downstream regions of the rivers were found to originate from Patescibacteria; the detected genes represented the potential for horizontal gene transfer of beta-lactam A-, sulfonamide-, and carbapenem-resistance genes. ConclusionsOur study tracked microorganisms that were transmitted from agricultural wastewater to receiving rivers through genome-resolved metagenomics. Based on the genomic analysis of MAGs, it was found that ARGs are more commonly co-localized with MGEs in agricultural wastewater than in river water. Furthermore, this suggests that members of Patescibacteria, which are relatively unknown, are carriers that disseminate ARGs into the environment, and a potential vector for disseminating ARGs in the environmental bacterial community. Overall, this study suggests that dissemination of ARGs by uncultured bacteria should be investigated further in multiple environments.
Erythropoietin receptor is a risk factor for prognosis: a potential biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Feng Yang-Chun , Zhang Ya-Jing , Wang Sen-Yu , Han Song-Tao , Huang Yao-Yao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of all cancers, and LUAD's survival rate is particularly poor. Erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) is a member of the cytokine class I receptor family and can be detected in cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), however, the expression levels and prognostic value of EPOR in LUAD are still unclear.Methods: Multiple bioinformatics databases such as TIMER, Kaplan-Meier Plotter and TCGA databases, immunohistochemical method, and clinicopathological data of 92 LUADpatients between January 2008 and June 2016 were used to explore the EPOR expression, gene mutations affecting EPOR expression, EPOR-interacting or coexpressed genes, potential biological functions and the correlation of EPOR expression with prognosis, immune microenvironment and so on.All statistical analyses were performed in the R version 4.1.1.Results: In this study, the EPOR mRNA expression in LUAD tissues was possibly downregulated compared with that in normal lung tissues, but the EPOR protein expression in LUAD tissues was higher than that in paired normal lung tissues. Mutations in five genes, DDX60L, LGR6, POTEB3, RIF1 and SOX5, resulted in downregulation of EPOR expression, mutations in 10 genes including C1orf168, DBX2 and EIF5B, resulted in upregulation of EPOR expression. Erichment analyses showed that EPOR is involved in neural tissue ligand-receptor interactions, MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and cancer pathways. The KM Plotter and PrognoScan databases consistently concluded that EPOR was associated with prognosis in LUAD patients. Our clinicopathological data showed that high EPOR expression was associated with poorer OS (29.5 vs 46 months) and had a good predictive ability for 5-year survival probability.Conclusions: EPOR expression might be downregulated at the mRNA levels and significantly upregulated at the protein levels in LUAD, which showed that the mRNA and protein levels of EPOR are inconsistent.The high expression of EPOR was associated with poor prognosis and is expected to be a potential new prognostic marker for LUAD.
Assessment of Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 and /3 (pfhrp 2&amp;/ pfhrp 3) gene deletion or mutation in all Plasmodium falciparum positive blood samples in a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: Sivaradjy Monika , Hamide Abdoul , Krishnamurthy Sriram , mohan Vamsi , Sharmila Ferdina Marie , Rajkumari Nonika 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rapid diagnostic card tests (RDTs) enable timely and appropriate diagnosis of malaria especially in remote areas. Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 (PFHRP2) is the most targeted antigen for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum infections by rapid diagnostic card test. Genetic mutations and gene deletions are important emerging factors for false-negative RDTs, which may delay the provision of life-saving treatment for the patients. Hence, we would like to evaluate for the existence of pfhrp2/3 gene deleted P.falciparum parasites in our health care setting. This study was conducted for a period of 2 years in a tertiary care centre in South India. Blood samples that are microscopically confirmed as P. falciparum but negative by RDT were assessed for the presence of pfhrp2, pfhrp3, and their flanking genes using conventional PCR. Follow up of the clinical outcomes were also done for these patients. Of the 63 positive samples collected (50 /63) 79.4% were P.vivax and (13/63) 20.6% were P.falciparum by PCR. Among the 13P.falciparum positive samples, 4 samples (4/13), (95% CI -10.36–61.11%)were found to be RDT negative but microscopically positive.Pfhrp2,pfhrp3 and their flanking genes were amplified for these 4 samples. All 4 samples were found to be negative for both pfhrp2-2 & pfhrp2-3 exon regions and also varying patterns of flanking gene deletions were also noted.This study provides molecular evidence for the existence of pfhrp2 & pfhrp3 deleted P. falciparum parasites in a tertiary care centre in South India warranting periodic evaluation of pfhrp2 based RDT use. Only pfhrp2/3 RDT based decision on diagnosis of P.falciparum malaria should always be reconsidered especially in remote areas. Brief running title : Pfhrp2/3 gene deletion
Application of Team-Based Learning of Ophthalmology in China
Authors: Wu Wenyi , Xia Xiaobo , Xiong Siqi , Wen Dan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to explore whether Team Based Learning (TBL) was effective method compared with Traditional Didactic Lecture (TDL) in improving problem solving and study ability about clinical course of ophthalmology in medical students. We also cared about the view and satisfaction of TBL in Chinese students.
METHODS
Two hundred and seventy-five students of 5-year clinical medicine program from Central South of China University participated in our study program, one hundred and forty enrolled in modified TBL course. A questionnaire including closed and open-ended items, was distributed to students immediately following completion of the TBL session and we collect one hundred and eight valid questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data. The effects of the TBL module on student performance were measured between the groups using a one-way between groups Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test by the Individual Readiness Assurance Test (IRAT), the Group Readiness Assurance Test (GRAT), and final examination scores (FESs) compared with other class which didn’t apply TBL session.
RESULTS
140 students achieved 72.65 mean test scores on test questions that assessed their knowledge of ophthalmology using the modified TBL strategy compared 135 students achieve 70.8 mean scores with TDL method (p=0.3434). The performance was significantly better during GRAT compared to IRAT in pre-class quiz. TBL learning method was favored and acceptable by most medical students compared to the TDL session.
CONCLUSIONS
Application of modified TBL to ophthalmology improved students’ performance, self-study, teamwork and increased their class engagement and satisfaction. But TBL should be further optimized and developed to enhance the educational outcomes.
Bio-inspired Polydopamine Coated Hemoglobin as Potential Oxygen Carriers for Wound Healing
Authors: Ma Ning , Li Bingting , Shu Peilin , You Guoxing , Zhou Hong , Wang Quan , Zhao Lian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Adequate oxygen is identified as one of major factors in the processes of wound healing. Various strategies of oxygen therapy have been developed to improve wound healing, such as oxygen carriers. Herein polydopamine coated hemoglobin (Hb-PDA) nanoparticles as one of Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers (HBOCs) for oxygen supply is proposed and synthesized, Hb-PDA nanoparticles accelerate the wound repair process in an excisional full-thickness mouse model. And inflammatory phased of wounds can be shortened by antioxidant properties of polydopamine (PDA) modification. Moreover, Hb-PDA nanoparticles efficiently promote the formation of blood vessel by upregulating expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenesis related protein. Interestingly, Hb-PDA nanoparticles improve the oxygen supply of wounds in the wound area, as well as down-regulated expression of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). The results indicate the Hb-PDA nanoparticles might be a promising approach for efficient wound healing with the capacity to improve oxygen supply.