bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percepção de cirurgiões ortopédicos sobre os riscos da exposição à radiação na fluoroscopia
Authors: Barbosa Helia Bittar , Silva Ana Maria Marques da 
Published: July 2022

Resumo
Objetivo Este estudo visa compreender as percepções dos médicos ortopedistas e traumatologistas em relação ao risco da exposição à radiação ionizante nos procedimentos de fluoroscopia.
Métodos Desenvolveu-se um questionário objetivo, estruturado, autoaplicável e com variáveis sociodemográficas, profissionais e ocupacionais, disponibilizado através de convite enviado a médicos ortopedistas cujos contatos estavam disponibilizados publicamente.
Resultados Foram respondidos e analisados 141 questionários. A maioria dos respondentes (99%) utilizam a fluoroscopia em suas cirurgias, e apenas 34,8% dos participantes se sentem seguros com o uso do equipamento. Observou-se que o conhecimento sobre radiação ionizante é inadequado, pois 22,6% dos respondentes desconhecem o tipo de radiação emitida na fluoroscopia e seus efeitos biológicos. Além disso, 52% dos respondentes não conhecem ou não compreendem os princípios de proteção radiológica e suas relações com as práticas cirúrgicas.
Conclusão Conclui-se que a proteção radiológica da maioria dos ortopedistas nos procedimentos cirúrgicos é inadequada e são necessários programas de formação inicial e continuada dos profissionais, trazendo benefícios para a saúde dos ortopedistas e de seus pacientes.
Measurement of the Consultation Duration in Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Clinics: Comparison between a University Hospital and a City Hospital
Authors: Yamamura Yukie , Kusama Kaoru , Tomita Erika , Nonaka Manabu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Materials and Methods The length of consultation per patient was measured by direct observation at the ear–nose–throat outpatient clinics of one university hospital and one city hospital. The consultation time was measured as follows. Direct consultation time: time spent on history-taking and physical examination of the patients. Indirect consultation time: time spent in charting, preparing treatment/prescription orders, medical, and writing referral letters.
Results The total consultation time length was significantly longer at the university hospital than that at the city hospital, both for the first consultation and the follow-up consultation. For first visits, the ratio of the indirect consultation time to the total consultation time was 49.2% at the university hospital and 24.2% at the city hospital. As for follow-up visits, the indirect/total consultation time ratio was 37.8% at the university hospital 24.2% at the city hospital.
Conclusion Assistance of a medical secretary would be desirable, especially for first consultations at the university hospital, in view of the long indirect consultation times.
PAIR as a Treatment Option for Isolated Intramuscular Cysticercosis: A Case Report
Authors: Naik Shailendra Singh , Das Nisha , Modi Shraddha , Aroul Tirou 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCysticercosis is a parasitic disease caused by Taenia solium. Central nervous system is the most common site of infestation. Other organs infested are subcutaneous tissue, eye, muscle, liver, and lung. Cysticercosis in muscle can occur in three forms: myalgic type, mass-like pseudotumor, and rarely pseudohypertrophic type. Solitary cysticercosis of muscle without involvement of the central nervous system is rare. In this case report, percutaneous-aspiration-injection-reaspiration (PAIR) has been used as a treatment option for isolated intramuscular cysticercosis of the anterior abdominal wall. Interventional radiological management along with medical management was done to observe complete resolution of the cyst.
Pediatric Femoral Neck Fractures: Our Institutional Experience of 5 Years
Authors: Sarwar Shiekh , Khan Kafeel , Bhat Tariq Ahmad , Nazir Isbha 
Published: July 2022

Introduction
Pediatric femoral neck fractures remain an enigma for orthopaedics, especially with regard to the development of avascular necrosis (AVN). These rare fractures are fraught with complications including non-union, coxa vara, premature physeal closure, and AVN. Aggressive urgent management is required to limit the development of complications. We aim to share our institutional experience of 10 such cases, spanning over a period of 5 years by analyzing the radiological and clinical outcomes after anatomical reduction and internal fixation.

Materials and Methods
Ten children, aged < 16 years with fractured neck of the femur, treated in our hospital with a minimum follow-up of 1 year, were retrospectively reviewed and radiological and clinical outcomes following anatomical reduction and internal fixation were analyzed. Written informed consent was taken from the parents of the children included in the study.

Results
The mean age was 9.6 years. In total, 60% of the cases were boys and 50% cases were due to road traffic accidents (RTA). Furthermore, 50% cases were of Delbet type II pattern, 30% Delbet type III, and 20% Delbet type IV. All patients were treated with anatomical reduction and internal fixation. The final outcome was good in 80% of cases and fair in 20% of cases. We encountered only one case of AVN in our series.

Conclusion
Aggressive, urgent anatomical reduction and stable internal fixation is the modality of treatment. The outcome in patients is influenced by the development of complications including AVN, limb length discrepancy, and coxa vara, and every attempt should be made to prevent them.
Retrospective Study of Clinical Outcomes and Toxicity Profile in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Tryambake Siddhesh Rajendra , Gawande Jayant Pundlik , Wategaonkar Ravikumar Narayan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are rapidly being utilized as treatment option either alone or in combination with chemotherapy in most of the solid tumors.
Objectives Our single-center retrospective study aimed to present our experience with the effectiveness and safety of these agents in Indian set of patients with various advanced solid tumors.
Material and Methods Twenty-five adult patients with stage IV solid tumors of varying sites treated with ICIs at Aditya Birla Memorial Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India, between October 2017 and September 2020 were included in the study. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and toxicity profiles were evaluated. All statistical calculations were performed using IBM SPSS version 25.
Results Total of 25 patients (median age 61) was evaluated. Histological evaluation revealed adenocarcinoma (48%), squamous cell carcinoma (40%), and one each (4%) of others. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score was I in 16 (64%) and II in 9 (36%) patients. Average of 10 cycles ICIs were received by each patient. Majority were males with 11 (44%) having some comorbidities. Lung (48%) was the most common primary followed by head and neck cancers (32%). Most (76%) were treated with nivolumab, followed by pembrolizumab (20%) while only one patient was given atezolizumab. Median follow-up was 18 months. Median OS was 24 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9–NA) and 2-year OS rate in the study was 38.4% (95% CI: 18.8–78.3), while median PFS was 9 months (95% CI: 6–NA) and 1-year PFS rate was 22.3% (95% CI: 9.7–51.2). One patient (4%) had complete response, 6 (24%) had partial response while 12 (48%) had stable disease response at first follow-up. Mean and median time to progression were 5.7 and 9 months, respectively. ORR was 28% (95% CI: 12.07–49.4) while the DCR was 76% (95% CI: 54.87–90.64). PS II patients were associated with significantly poor median OS and PFS. There was no significant difference in survival with respect to age, gender, site, histology, and comorbidities; however, 4/25 patients had undergone biomarker assessment and were associated with a trend toward better median PFS (8 vs. 11 months, hazard ratio 0.53, 95% CI: 0.12–2.34, p = 0.38). Two of 25 patients developed autoimmune conditions namely ophthalmoplegia and hypothyroidism each. Fatigue (36%) and nausea (12%) were the most common toxicities.
Conclusion Real-world data from our study depicts our own experience with ICIs to suggest that these agents are well-tolerated and equally effective in Indian set of patients with advanced metastatic solid tumors. ICIs could be safely used even in patients with PS II and biomarker assessment in adjunction needs to be encouraged wherever feasible for better patient selection, prognostication, and clinical outcomes.
Indian Data on the Response of Positive Pelvic Lymph Nodes in Carcinoma Cervix Patients Treated with Simultaneous Integrated Boost Using Volumetric Modulated Arc Radiation Therapy
Authors: Perumareddy Vaishnavi , Shivananjappa Rashmi , SN Geeta , Tiwari Richa , Mandal Sanjeet Kumar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background The percentage of pelvic lymph node (LN) positivity in cervical cancer patients varies from 19% in early stages to 68% in advanced cases. Thirty-three percent of patients will develop recurrence within 2 years following therapy, and 5-year relative survival for patients with affected regional LNs is 57%. Hence, pelvic LNs need to be included in the definitive plan of radiation treatment for better disease control and longer survival. With conventional radiation therapy, dose escalation was not possible because of small bowel constraints. With higher conformity of intensity-modulated radiotherapy technique, doses to pelvic and abdominal organs can be minimized. The added advantage of simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) is that high dose per fraction is delivered to the gross disease and low dose to the microscopic disease, thereby reducing the total treatment time and improving the therapeutic ratio.
Materials and Methods Forty-one patients presenting to the Department of Radiation Oncology, between January 2016 and June 2017, with newly biopsy-proven carcinoma cervix Stage IB to IVA were enrolled in the study, and all the investigations were performed. The radiation dose was delivered using volumetric modulated arc therapy plan according to the dose of 5,000 cGy in 25 fractions to the whole pelvis and 5,500 cGy in 25 fractions to the involved nodes at 220 cGy per fraction using SIB along with weekly cisplatin at 40 mg/m2. After completion of external beam radiation, all the patients received three fractions of brachytherapy to a total dose of 21 Gy. Acute toxicities were assessed using Radiation Therapy Oncology Group criteria. At 3 months after completion of treatment, all the patients were followed up with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of abdomen and pelvis to assess the response after 3 months.
Results Of 41 carcinoma cervix patients with significantly positive LNs treated with SIB VMAT, 9.8% of the patients (4 patients) had residual nodal disease and 87.8% of the patients (36 patients) had a complete response, and 19.5% (8 patients) had residual disease of primary and 78% (32 patients) had a complete response at 3 months after completion of treatment with only grade I and grade II toxicities.
Conclusion Treatment with SIB VMAT in carcinoma cervix patients with significant pelvic LNs shows a very good response with acceptable acute toxicities. But longer follow-up period is required to see if this response translates into better disease-free survival and overall survival.
Transcervical Access for Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy—A Safe Technique to Sample Apical Lung Lesions
Authors: Bellam Premnath Krishna Prasad , Bansode Shubhada Yadavrao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEight patients with apical lobe lung lesions referred for image-guided biopsy where the lesion was abutting the mediastinal or apical pleura, and was visible in ultrasound using a suprasternal–supraclavicular route were consented and subjected to successful ultrasound-guided transcervical biopsy using different routes based on lesion characteristics and location of vital vascular structures—either through the thyroid gland, by the side of the gland lateral to the common carotid artery, or between the thyroid gland and common carotid artery after hydrodissection. Transthyroid access was used in 50% of cases. There were no immediate or long-term complications in any patient over a mean follow-up period of 28.5 months. Sample adequacy was 100%.
Evaluation of Efficacy of Heparin in Patients with Cellulitis
Authors: Sajjan Sunil Kumar , Bhat Rahul , Pai Manohar V. , Choudhari Rajat 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Heparin is useful in inflammatory conditions for amelioration of symptoms by altering the microcellular environment. This study was aimed at evaluation of the role of heparin in patients with cellulitis on antibiotics.
Methodology In our prospective nonrandomized comparative study, the subjects were divided into two groups: group A treated with subcutaneous injection of unfractionated heparin plus antibiotics and group B with antibiotics alone. Comparison was done in terms of improvement in clinical parameters like erythema (cellulitis area), edema (measuring limb girth), pain (visual analog scale), total leucocyte count, and duration of hospital stay.
Results Total of 96 patients were divided into two groups of 48 each. In the experimental group, there was improvement in mean area of cellulitis with decrease of 32.36% compared with 10.99% in controls treated with antibiotics at day 5 (p < 0.001). There was 26.27% decrease in edema compared with 12.87% (p < 0.001). There was 45.36% decrease of pain compared with 38.02% (p < 0.001). There was 29.18% drop in total leucocyte counts compared with 25.87% (p < 0.001). There was reduced duration of stay at 7.15 days compared with 9.23 days in controls.
Conclusion The addition of heparin with antibiotic therapy in cellulitis hastens recovery with faster amelioration of symptoms and shorter hospital stay.
Vestibulospinal system findings caused by ageing between 40 and 55 years
Authors: Konukseven Ozlem , Satici Sema , Adali Inci , Yildiz Yagmur , Dogru Lena , Duruoglu Sencan 
Published: July 2022

Objective(s)
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the weakness in postural balance skills that occurred between the ages of 40–55 by comparing vestibulospinal tests and static posturography tests.

Methods
A total of 40 healthy individuals between the ages of 18–30 (mean: 23.8 ± 3.05 years) and 40–55 (mean: 49.2 ± 6.4 years) who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study, without vertigo and balance problems were included. As being objective vestibulospinal tests, the modified clinical test of sensory interaction and balance (mCTSIB) and Limits of Stability (LOS) tests were performed using a static posturography device. Tandem Romberg, Fukuda Stepping Test (FST) and Babinski–Weil tests were performed as subjective vestibulospinal tests.

Results
Compared with the younger group, 40–55 ages showed significant weakness in movement velocity (MVL), endpoint excursions (EPEs), maximum excursions sub-parameters of LOS, in all eyes-closed subtests in the mCTSIB test, and in subjective vestibulospinal tests. No relationship between vestibulospinal and static posturography was observed.

Conclusions
Contrary to popular belief, the effect on the age-related balance system begins earlier. When the middle age group applies to ENT clinics with complaints of imbalance, it should be taken into account that age-related effects may occur.
Hairy extension of the Bertotti–Robinson spacetime in the Einstein–Maxwell-scalar theory is a black hole in closed spatial geometries
Authors: Mazharimousavi S Habib 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In analogy with the Einstein–Maxwell–Dilaton black hole which is a hairy extension of the Reissner–Nordström black hole, we introduce a hairy extension for the Bertotti–Robinson spacetime in the context of the Einstein–Maxwell-scalar theory. The new spacetime is a closed S
3 black hole powered by a pure magnetic field. The energy–momentum tensor is an anisotropic fluid-like form such that p
r/ρ and p
⊥/ρ are u (the radial coordinate)-dependent and at the horizon becomes

−

1

3

and

1

3

, respectively. We use the concept of quasilocal mass and find the well-known Misner–Sharp mass to show that the new black hole satisfies the unified first law of the black hole.
Electrically tunable liquid crystal phase shifter with excellent phase shift capability per wavelength based on opposed coplanar waveguide
Authors: Wang Qipeng , Su Zhiguo , Li Shunli , Zhao Hongxin , Yin Xiaoxing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A tunable liquid crystal phase shifter based on opposed coplanar waveguide (OCPW) with excellent phase shift capability per wavelength is proposed. The proposed OCPW not only has good transmission characteristics and a quasi-TEM operating mode similar to the CPW, but also avoids the metalized via and complicated bias circuit in designing the phase shifter. Consequently, the phase shifter is easy to fabricate and miniaturize. The main structure of the phase shifter includes two functional components. One is the transition section, in which the flaring grounds and gradient stubs are utilized to realize the impedance and wave-number matching to the OCPW phase shift part; the other is a tunable phase shift section, which is composed of the OCPW centerline and ground with staggered periodic stubs stretching out. To realize tunable phase shifting by applying different DC bias voltages, a DC bias network capable of blocking RF signal is elaborately designed. An equivalent circuit model of the phase shift part is established and represented using the ABCD matrix, so that the relation between the related parameters and the phase shift per wavelength can be easily obtained to guide the design. The measurement results demonstrate that the proposed phase shifter achieves a total of 300° phase shifting, as high as 289°/λ0 phase shift per wavelength, and a good figure-of-merit of 59°/dB at 14.5 GHz. The phase shifter features the reflection coefficient less than −10 dB and the transmission coefficient bigger than −6 dB from 9.3 to 15 GHz.
Effects of large bending deformation on the electromechanical performance of a soft capacitor
Authors: Huang Tianyu , Chen Lingling , Zhao Chuo , Yang Shengyou 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Many capacitive devices based on flexible materials with low Young’s modulus have great potential for sensing or energy storage, and the study of their performance changes under large deformations is of great significance for their application prospects. In this study, a bendable soft capacitor was prepared and its capacitive response was found to be extraordinarily stable under large bending deformations. Our experiments and simulations showed that the capacitance change was less than 3% when the bending strain varied from 16% to 40%, showing stable capacitance retention. We also developed a theoretical model to explain the mechanism of the effect of geometric changes on the capacitance of soft capacitors subjected to large bending deformation. Our work provides new ideas for addressing the high nonlinearity and weak repeatability present in bending devices of elastomers. The stable soft capacitor can be harnessed to design supercapacitors in wearable devices and wireless micro-robots.
Electrospun aluminum silicate nanofibers as novel support material for immobilization of alcohol dehydrogenase
Authors: Aziz Iram , Sigurdardóttir Sigyn Björk , Lehmann Jonas , Nambi Ashwin , Zhang Wenjing , Pinelo Manuel , Kaiser Andreas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ceramic materials with high surface area, large and open porosity are considered excellent supports for enzyme immobilization owing to their stability and reusability. The present study reports the electrospinning of aluminum silicate nanofiber supports from sol-gel precursors, the impact of different fabrication parameters on the microstructure of the nanofibers and their performance in enzyme immobilization. A change in nanofiber diameter and pore size of the aluminum silicate nanofibers was observed upon varying specific processing parameters, such as the sol-composition (precursor and polymer concentration), the electrospinning parameters and the subsequent heat treatment (calcination temperature). The enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), was immobilized on the aluminum silicate nanofibers by physical adsorption and covalent bonding. Activity retention of 17% and 42% was obtained after 12 d of storage and repeated reaction cycles for physically adsorbed and covalently bonded ADH, respectively. Overall, the immobilization of ADH on aluminum silicate nanofibers resulted in high enzyme loading and activity retention. However, as compared to covalent immobilization, a marked decrease in the enzyme activity during storage for physically adsorbed enzymes was observed, which was ascribed to leakage of the enzymes from the nanofibers. Such fibers can improve enzyme stability and promote a higher residual activity of the immobilized enzyme as compared to the free enzyme. The results shown in this study thus suggest that aluminum silicate nanofibers, with their high surface area, are promising support materials for the immobilization of enzymes.
A diffraction experiment at the near field: the homemade Talbot effect
Authors: Torcal-Milla Francisco Jose 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Diffraction refers to a kind of optical phenomena which occurs when light approaches an element (object or aperture) whose features are in the range of the illuminating wavelength (small apertures, sharp edges). It can be explained by means of the undulatory nature of light or also geometrically by using simple ray optics. Diffraction phenomena are impressive and not intuitive, so it makes them very interesting to bring examples to the classroom. The most popular diffraction experiments show effects in Fraunhofer regime, that is to be said, far from the diffractive object. Common examples are the single or double slit experiments. In this manuscript, we propose and show a less common diffractive effect that occurs in the Fresnel regime, near to the diffractive object. It is the Talbot effect or self-imaging phenomenon, which appears by illuminating a diffraction grating with a collimated monochromatic beam. It consists of the apparition of replicas (self-images) of the grating intensity pattern at periodic distances, multiples of the so-called Talbot distance. We show how this effect may be shown into the classroom with cheap and easy to find elements. In addition, we take advantage of its dependence on the coherence degree of the source to introduce the concept of optical coherence and show its effect on the contrast of the Talbot self-images. These experiments could be appropriate for undergraduate students or introductory physics courses.
Effect of the SS304 coating layer on the electrical and thermal properties of REBCO commercial tape
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Suo Hongli , Zhang Zili , Zhang Xiaolong , Wang Lei , Ma Lin , Liu Jianhua , Wang Qiuliang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The effect of the 304 stainless steel (SS)-coated layer on the electrical and thermal properties in the radial direction of REBCO commercial tape was systematically investigated. The single SS-coated layer significantly increased electrical resistivity and decreased thermal conductivity. In contrast, double SS tape demonstrated a lower electrical resistivity than the original commercial REBCO tape due to the clean procedure to remove the possible carbon and oxidation in the Cu layer. We found that the surface microhardness of the SS-coated REBCO tape, a previously neglected factor, could be one of the primary factors determining turn-to-turn electrical resistivity. The other possible factor could be interface heterogeneity. The different materials on both sides of the interface could bring apparent different electrical and thermal resistivity. This study provides a possible method to increase the turn-to-turn electrical resistivity of REBCO tape without increasing tape thickness, sacrificing the critical engineering current density.