bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wirelessly powered motor operation in dynamic scenarios using non-Hermitian parity-time symmetry
Authors: Kone Shrinathan Esaki Muthu Pandara , Yatsugi Kenichi , Iizuka Hideo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Motors arise as a heart of the mobility society, and wirelessly operated motors may improve our standard of living. Wireless power transfer in the kilohertz and megahertz range has been extensively explored, finding various potential applications in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and medical implantations. However, most of the experimental works on such wireless power transfer have only considered static loads. Wirelessly powered motors would fail to continuously operate in dynamic scenarios, e.g., the rotating speed of the motors is varied. Here, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate the operation of a motor, where the power is wirelessly transferred to via coils, is robust against the rotating speed by employing the analogy with non-Hermitian parity-time (PT) symmetry. In addition, our system is robust for misalignment of the coils. Our results open up opportunities of robust operation of motors via wireless power transfer in dynamic scenarios towards autonomous vehicles.
An Improved blockchain-based secure medical record sharing method
Authors: Bodur Hüseyin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Today, the confidentiality and security of patient medical records is of great importance. A database where patient records are kept should not fall into the hands of malicious persons. In addition to keeping medical records confidential and secure, their sharing among various entities such as individuals or institutions must be auditable and controllable. This study proposes a method that enables the storage, access, and sharing of medical data without risking security vulnerability. In the proposed method, data are stored on the cloud, whereas data access information and hash values are stored on a blockchain. The three consensus mechanisms (Proof ofWork (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS), and Proof of Authority (PoA).) for the proposed scheme are implemented and compared with studies in the literature in terms of security analysis.The performance analysis of the proposed method showed that the Proof of Work gives the best result in terms of block size, while the Proof of Stake gives the best results in terms of block creation time and memory usage. The security analysis showed that the proposed method has many security features and is strong against attacks.
The research on safe range of the anterior transpedicular screw in lower cervical vertebrae
Authors: Ye Sen-qi , Zhang Ji-hui , Hou Zhi-peng , Gu Yong-jie , Yu Liang , Zhao Liu-jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: Exploring the safe range of anterior transpedicular screw (ATPS) in the lower cervical spine.
Methods: Fifty healthy adult cervical spine CT imaging data were selected from our institution for this study. The image data was imported into Mimics 21.0 software in DICOM format for 3D model reconstruction. Then, using the intersection of the pedicle axis and the anterior wall of the vertebral body as the screw entry point, a 3.5 mm simulated screw was inserted. The simulated screw was rotated and moved with the intersection acting as its center. On the horizontal view, the included angle (α) between the simulated screw axis and the mid-sagittal plane, the width of the pedicle, and the distance between the transverse point and the mid-sagittal plane at the anterior vertebral body wall were measured from C3 to C7; On the sagittal view, the included angle (β) between the simulated screw axis and the plane of the anterior vertebral body wall, the height of pedicle, and the distance between the sagittal intersection point and the upper endplate were measured C3 to C7.
Results: No matter in the transverse or sagittal planes, C7 had the largest average safety range, while C3 was the smallest. The average safety range of screw placement on the transverse plane increased from C3 to C7, ranging from 5.25°to 9.43°, of which C7 was the largest (9.43°) and C3 was the smallest (5.25°). The average safety range of screw placement on the sagittal plane showed a trend of first increasing, then decreasing, and then increasing, ranging from 12.57° to 14.70°, of which C7 was the largest (14.70°), and C3 was the smallest (12.57°). There was no statistical difference between the left and right pedicles of the same cervical level (P>0.05).
Conclusions: When the entry point was determined, there was a certain safety range for ATPS in the lower cervical spine. Those are helpful for the clinical application of ATPS technology. However, the individual anatomy of the cervical spine is relatively different, and sufficient preoperative preparations should still be made to ensure the safety and accuracy of screw placement.
The fk-Based Direct Exact Stiffness Matrix Method for Broadband Seismogram Synthesis of a Multi-Scale Crustal Structure Due to Finite Fault Kinematic Sources
Authors: Ba zhenning , Fu Zhanyuan , Zhao Jingxuan , Liu Yue , Sang Qiaozhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Broadband seismograms due to kinematic sources are synthetized using a fk-based direct exact stiffness matrix method. The proposed method imposed no limitations on layer-thickness and frequency, by which the multi-scale characteristics of the crustal model (the velocity and thickness vary from centimeter-level in the near-surface to kilometer-level in deep zones) are well captured without extra computations. The formalized exact global matrix for the fine crustal structure attains symmetric and strongly banded features, which is readily tackled with the developed large-scale matrix inverse algorithms. Seismogram synthesis up to 20Hz is calculated to evaluate effects of fault depth, dip and shallow velocity on ground motion. Results exhibit that the duration of velocity pulse is affected by fault depth, whereas the amplitudes are decreased and the hanging wall effects tend to less striking with increasing buried depth. As the fault dip increases, the location of horizontal velocity maximum moves from hanging wall to the footwall side and the amplitude of vertical acceleration becomes larger owing to the fault mechanism. The ground-motion variability is increased with decreasing shallow velocity, and the distribution pattern of acceleration maximum between two source models is remarkably different. The spectral acceleration shows a dramatic increase of energy for random source model considering perturbations, signifying the predominant effects of source model in ground motion simulation.
Lactoferrin alleviates Western diet-induced cognitive impairment through the microbiome-gut-brain axis
Authors: He Qian , Wu Jiangxue , Li Deming , Guo Ya-Xin , Fan Jingbo , Wu Qingyang , Wang Hai-Peng , Wan Zhongxiao , Xu Jia-Ying , Qin Li-Qiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a multifunctional glycoprotein that showed demonstrated a beneficial effect on cognitive function in several mouse models; however, its mechanisms are not fully elucidated. This study investigated whether Lf improves high-energy-dense 'Western'-style diets (WD)-induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation through microbiome-gut-brain axis. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the CON, WD, Lf, and Lf+AB groups. The mice in the latter three groups fed with WD. The Lf group was intragastrically administered with Lf and the Lf+AB group additionally drank a solution with antibiotics. Some of the mice in the CON, WD, and Lf groups were killed at 2 weeks. The experiments ended at 16 weeks. Behavioral tests, neuroinflammation, and gut microbiota were analyzed. WD resulted in neuroinflammation and impaired cognition. Lf improved the cognitive function as indicated by behavioral tests including nesting behavior test, novel object recognition test, and the Morris water maze test. It also increased the length and curvature of postsynaptic density as observed with a transmission electron microscope and upregulated the related protein expression, suggesting the improvement of the hippocampal neurons and synapses. Lf suppressed microglia activation and proliferation as revealed by immunofluorescence analysis. It decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and downregulated their protein expressions in the hippocampus region. Lf also inhibited the activation of NF‐κB/NLRP3 inflammasomes in the hippocampus. Meanwhile, WD impaired gut permeability and induced gut dysbiosis. Lf upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins, and increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes at phylum and Roseburia at genus, bothare beneficial for anti-obesity, gut barrier, and cognitive function. The antibiotics supplemented in the Lf+AB group eliminated the effects of long-term Lf intervention on cognitive impairment, suggesting that gut microbiota participated in Lf action. The 2-week Lf intervention prevented WD-induced gut microbiota alteration without inducing behavioral changes; these findings supported the timing sequence of gut microbiota to the brain. In Conclusion, our findings demonstrated that Lf intervention alleviated cognitive impairment by inhibiting microglial activation and neuroinflammation through the microbiome-gut-brain axis.
Effect of Increased Mechanical Strength on the Machinability of Graphite Cast Irons in Face Milling
Authors: Reis Alcione dos , Silva Leonardo R Ribeiro da , Silva Aline Elias da , Barbosa Lucas Melo Queiroz , Machado Álisson Rocha , de Andrade Cássio Luiz Francisco , Guesser Wilson Luiz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Due to the low cost and high vibration damping capacity, gray cast irons are commonly used in machine tool bases, in addition to applications with noise restrictions, such as engine blocks, housings, and brakes. The matrix's graphite, sulfides, and ferrite/pearlite ratio are some of the most important parameters governing the machinability of the gray cast irons. This work aims to evaluate the machinability of high-resistance gray cast irons of the FC 300 grade, in two versions, with the addition of molybdenum (FC 300(Mo)) and with refined graphite and addition of molybdenum (FC 300(Mo+RG)), for use in cylinder heads and engines blocks, compared to materials that have been used for this purpose, gray cast iron FC 250 and the compacted graphite cast iron FV450. The face milling process was chosen for the tests, as it is widely used in manufacturing cylinder heads and engine blocks. Uncoated cemented carbide tools with tangential rhomboid geometry were used in the experiments. Analysis of tool life and wear mechanisms and machined surfaces' quality (Ra roughness parameter) where the output variables are considered. The materials were characterized according to the cementite interlayer spacing and microhardness of the perlite matrix, the number of eutectic cells, and the distribution of manganese sulfide inclusions, with those characterizations being correlated with the machinability results. The cutting speed and feed were varied, and the dry condition was used. Among the gray cast irons investigated, the FC 300(Mo+RG)presented worse machinability rates because of its greater mechanical resistance and hardness. Regarding the surface finish, at the beginning of the tool life tests (without considering tool wear) and employing the highest cutting speed, the FC 300(Mo+RG)showed the best results, but at the lowest cutting speed, the worst.
How can cry acoustics associate newborns’ distress levels with neurophysiological and behavioral signals?
Authors: LAGUNA ANA , PUSIL SANDRA , ACERO IRENE , VALDIVIA JONATHAN ADRIAN ZEGARRA , PALTRINIERI ANNA LUCIA , PIRAS PAOLO , PALOMARES CLAUDIA , ALGAR OSCAR GARCIA , ORLANDI SILVIA 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Even though infant crying is a common phenomenon in humans' early life, it is still a challenge for researchers to properly understand it as a reflection of complex neurophysiological functions. Our study aims to determine the association between neonatal cry acoustics with neurophysiological signals and behavioral features according to different distress levels of newborns. Multimodal data from 25 healthy term newborns were collected simultaneously recording infant cry vocalizations, electroencephalography (EEG), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and videos of facial expressions and body movements. Results showed correlations between most of the features extracted from the signals depending on the infant’s arousal state, among them: fundamental frequency (F0), brain activity (delta, theta and alpha frequency bands), cerebral and body oxygenation, heart rate, facial tension and body rigidity. Additionally, these associations reinforce that what is occurring at an acoustic level can be characterized by behavioral and neurophysiological patterns. Our findings strengthen the potential of crying as a biomarker evidencing the physical, emotional and health status of the infant becoming a crucial tool for caregivers and clinicians.
Safe basins of escape of a weakly-damped particle from a truncated quadratic potential well under harmonic excitation
Authors: Genda Attila , Fidlin Alexander , Gendelman Oleg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A weakly damped particle's safe basins (SBs) of escape from a symmetrically truncated, quadratic potential well under harmonic excitation are investigated. It is assumed that the excitation frequency is in the vicinity of the resonant frequency of the potential well. An analytic approach to determine the size and location of the non-escaping set in the plane of the initial conditions (IC) depending on several model parameters (damping coefficient, excitation amplitude, frequency and phase) is introduced. The essential behavior of an SB can be described using only two parameters. The analytic approach also explains why and how the erosion of the SB becomes more sudden if the damping coefficient is increased, which is of upmost importance from an engineering perspective.
Fibrotic matrix induces mesenchymal transformation of epithelial cells in oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Jiao Kai , Xu Hao-qing , Guo Zhen-xing , Gao Jia-lu , Wang Shu-yan , Yan Jian-fei , Han Xiao-xiao , Qin Wen-pin , Lu Weicheng , Gao Chang-he , Niu Li-na 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous state of the oral mucosa; however, whether and how the fibrotic matrix of OSF is involved in the malignant transformation of epithelial cells remains unknown. Herein, oral mucosa tissue from patients with OSF, arecoline-induced rat OSF models, and their controls were used to observe the extracellular matrix changes and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) in fibrotic lesions, and to explore the effects and mechanism of matrix stiffness on epithelial cell EMT. Compared with the controls, oral mucous tissues from patient exhibited increased number of myofibroblasts, decreased number of blood vessels and increased type I and type III collagen levels, with thicker, less porous, and disorderly arranged fibers. The oral mucous tissues from humans and OSF rats showed increased stiffness compared with the controls, accompanied by increased EMT activities of epithelial cells. Moreover, stiff collagen constructs caused increased EMT and proliferation of epithelial cells compared with soft constructs, and caused increased expression of Piezo1 and YAP. The EMT activities of stiff construct-cultured epithelial cells were significantly increased by exogenous Piezo1 activation, and decreased by YAP inhibition. During ex vivo implantation, the cells in the epithelium of the stiff group showed increased EMT activities and increased levels of Piezo1 and YAP compared with those in the sham and soft groups. We concluded that increased stiffness of the fibrotic matrix in OSF led to increased proliferation and EMT of mucosal epithelial cells, in which the Piezo1-YAP signal transduction is important.
Valence Engineering Driven Multiple Mechanisms of Superior Antioxidant Nanosheets for Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Liu Quan , Ren Yaping , Jia Huimin , Tong Yuping , Kotha Sumasri , Mao Xiaobo , Huang Yongwei , Zheng Zhi , He Weiwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and highly lethal lung disease that largely associated with oxidative stress. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective antioxidant therapy targeting oxidative stress pathogenesis. One key and great challenge is finding ideal antioxidant materials with superior anti-fibrotic effects. In this study, we report novel antioxidant V4C3 nanosheets (V4C3 NSs) for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. It is found that the subtle auto-oxidation can adjust the valence composition of V4C3 NSs and prominently improve their antioxidant behavior. The valence engineering triggers the multiple antioxidant mechanisms of electron transfer, H atom transfer and enzyme like catalysis, thus endowing V4C3 NSs with broad-spectrum, high-efficiency and persistent antioxidant capacity. Benefiting from the super antioxidant properties and high biocompatibility, V4C3 NSs can significantly prevent myofibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix abnormality, thus alleviating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis by ROS scavenging, anti-inflammation and rebuilding antioxidant defenses in the bleomycin-induced animal model. This study not only provides an important strategy for designing excellent antioxidant nanomaterials, but also proposes a nanoscheme for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and other oxidative stress-related diseases.
Risk factors and ultrasound aspects associated with Urogenital Schistosomiasis among primary school children in Mali (West Africa)
Authors: Agniwo Privat , Sidibé Bakary , Diakité Assitan Traoré , Niaré Safiatou Doumbo , Guindo Hassim , Akplogan Aristode , Ibikounlé Moudachirou , Boissier Jerôme , Dabo AAbdoulaye 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:Urogenital schistosomiasis is endemic in Mali and a major cause of morbidity in large parts of the world. It is of great socioeconomic and public health importance and has important consequences. The aim of our work was to study the risk factors and ultrasound aspects associated with urogenital schistosomiasis.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in November 2021 with 971 children aged 6 to 14 years randomly recruited in six schools in three districts in the Kayes region. Demographic, socioeconomic and clinical data were collected. Hematuria was systematically searched by strips and Schistosoma haematobium eggs in urine detected by the filtration method. The urinary tract was examined by ultrasound. Associations between each of these variables and disease infection were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.
Results: The overall prevalence was 50.2% with an average intensity of 36 eggs (1 to 1020 eggs)/10mL of urine. Urogenital schistosomiasis infection did not vary according to sex or age group. There is no correlation between risk factors and the urogenital schistosomiasis infection. Hematuria was strongly associated with urogenital schistosomiasis infection (p<0.0001). Among the 240 children who participated to the ultrasound examinations, focal lesion on bladder was observed, while ultrasound findings of the urethra and kidneys revealed a very low rate of dilatation.
Conclusion: This work shows that parasitological findings and ultrasound signs, especially bladder lesions, were strongly associated with urinary schistosomiasis (p<0.0001). Despite of mass drug administration based on Praziquantel urogenital schistosomiasis infection is still endemic in the study site.
Impact of climate change on nomadic herders’ livelihoods: a case study of Bakarwal tribe in the western Himalayas in India
Authors: Ahmed Sharief , Iqbal Zaffar , Antahal Prakash C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

This study quantifies the impact of climate change on the livelihoods of nomadic herders in the western Himalayas in India, who depend on natural resources for their livelihood, and are herding livestock. In this research paper, we have collected primary data from 235 nomadic herders on their perceptions regarding the variables of climate change. We analysed the primary data using factor analysis and found that due to climate change, in the last few decades, nomads are experiencing reduced and untimely rainfall and increased temperature which ultimately results in the reduced growth of pasture, reduced quality and quantity of pasture, pasture plants are replacing by weedy plants, harvesting time of pasture reduced, drying of sources of water in later days at winter residence, seasons have changed, experiencing unstable weather, and reduced grazing areas are bringing the drought-like situation in the area. Further, this creates major challenges in raising livestock with less pasture, water availability, increased environmental diseases risk bringing starvation and death of livestock, reduced milk, wool and meat quality and quantity, and the reduced market price of final goods. Which brings a serious impact on the economic activities of nomadic herders in the region. Climate change also forced the nomadic herders in the region to early migration, which let them face difficulties like ice over the mountain passes, lesser grass along the paths for grazing, unexpected avalanches, thunderstorm or hailstorm and intense rains on the way to the uplands. Finally, this study brings to the notice of policymakers, climatologists, local governments, and animal health departments that climate change is changing the endangering the life of nomadic herders and we should develop appropriate plans to minimise the loss.
Characterizing Urban Sprawl of a Rapidly Growing Non-Metro Region in India: A Geospatial-Based Landscape Metrics Analysis for Salem, India
Authors: Linda Theres B , Selvakumar R , Sathyakumar Vasu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Unrestrained urbanisation is a significant challenge to sustainable development, particularly in rapidly developing countries like India. Widespread informal urbanisation in resource-poor areas leads to inadequate urban physical infrastructures like housing, transportation, water supply, and waste management. In this context, generating cost-effective information on urban sprawl patterns can assist planners in proactively enhancing physical Infrastructure and efficiently orienting urban development. However, the existing research on urban sprawl has predominantly focused on the large megapolises, leading to an extensive knowledge gap on non-metro regions that also experience significant urban development pressure. This study addresses this gap by focusing on the Salem region in Tamil Nadu, India. The study uses freely available remote sensing data and GIS-based landscape metrics to describe Salem and nearby urban centers' growth patterns from 2000 to 2020. The study methodology includes three primary analyses: i) Buffer analysis to fix the urban growth threshold around each town; ii) Centroid shift analysis to identify the macro urbanisation pattern; and iii) Landscape metrics analysis for micro-level urban growth characterisation. The study results show that the neighbouring towns influence Salem's growth. The Omalur's directional growth and proximity suggest it could become a Salem satellite town in the coming decades. These findings provide essential inputs for planning a more sustainable Salem city and contribute to the current literature gap on the sprawl characteristics of India's non-metro cities.