bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic integration of 2D and 3D sources for the virtual reconstruction of lost heritage artefacts: the equestrian monument of Francesco III d’Este (1774–1796, Modena, Italy)
Authors: Gherardini Francesco , Sirocchi Simone 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The role of 3D virtual reconstruction of lost heritage artefacts is acquiring ever-greater importance, as a support for archaeological research and art history studies, as well as a vehicle for the cultural and evocative involvement of the end-user. The main risk of virtual reconstruction is the lack of a faithful restitution but, conversely, very often the artefact conservation state does not allow a complete 3D reconstruction. Therefore, 2D sources, both textual and iconographic, represent a precious integration and completion of the existing 3D sources. This paper proposes an operating systematic workflow to integrate retrieved 2D and 3D sources and assess their compatibility for the virtual reconstruction of lost heritage artefacts using and integrating 3D survey and digital modelling. As a case study, we virtually reconstructed the lost equestrian monument of Duke Francesco III d'Este, 7 m high, built in 1774 in Modena, Italy, by the sculptor Giovanni Antonio Cybei and completely destroyed a little over 20 years later during the revolutionary uprisings. Following the proposed workflow, we integrate data coming from: a still preserved preparatory stucco model, paintings and engravings showing the missing details of the 3D model, a series of urban views returning the proportion and positioning of the monument (statue, pedestal and base), a fragment of the right foot providing the statue size and the appearance of the original white Carrara marble. The final 3D digital model shows a faithful correspondence to the 2D sources and guarantees an effective user’s fruition thanks to dedicated virtual applications. Besides the scientific and cultural goal, we highlight the evocative role of this work, which has contributed to the restitution of a monument that is unknown to most citizens and visitors.
Beyond content and curriculum in elementary classrooms: conceptualizing the cultivation of integrated STEM teacher identity
Authors: Galanti Terrie M. , Holincheck Nancy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs K-12 STEM education moves toward the integrated application of mathematics and science concepts in collaborative and complex real-world problem solving, there is a commensurate need to redefine what it means to be a STEM teacher in the early grades. Elementary teachers need more than professional development with innovative content and curriculum to be ready to integrate STEM; they need the agency that comes with a strong sense of who they are and who they want to become as STEM teachers. In this commentary, we propose a model for integrated STEM teacher identity with the goal of building a robust definition that is applicable to multiple educational contexts. The model captures the tensions between elementary teachers’ multiple identities as STEM learners, professional teachers, and STEM education innovators. Our proposed model structures the complexity of these roles as an intertwining of components from extant professional teacher identity and STEM learner identity models. The careful cultivation of integrated STEM identities has the power to increase teachers’ readiness to not only try but to sustain innovative curriculum. Teacher educators and professional development facilitators can use this model to provide more personalized support to teachers. Recommendations for future refinement of this model are offered along with implications for more equitable access to integrated STEM experiences for all students.
CircRNAs in Xiang pig ovaries among diestrus and estrus stages
Authors: Niu Xi , Huang Yali , Lu Huan , Li Sheng , Huang Shihui , Ran Xueqin , Wang Jiafu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The fecundity of sows is a trait of major economic in pig industry. The molecular regulation of estrus cycles can affect the fecundity of female animals. Compared with the other pig breeds, Xiang pig exhibits the special estrus behaviors. CircRNAs are thought to involve in regulation of multiple biological processes. However, the potential roles of circRNAs in ovary regulation on Xiang pig estrus are largely unknown.

Results
8,937 circRNAs were identified from eight libraries constructed from the ovarian samples of Xiang pig at estrus and diestrus stages by RNA sequencing method. Of which, 1,995 were high confidence circRNAs detected at least two junction reads in each ovary sample and seven circRNAs were validated by RT-PCR method. Furthermore, we identified 290 upregulated and 15 downregulated circRNAs in estrus ovaries. These differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) derived from 273 host genes. And 207 miRNAs were identified to be targets sponged by 156 DECs with 432 binding sites, containing more than one miRNA binding site in each circRNA. Function enrichment analysis revealed that the host genes and the targets of miRNAs sponged by DECs were enriched in several reproduction-related signaling pathways, such as ovarian steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, circadian rhythm, estrogen signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, circadian entrainment, and oocyte meiosis. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks revealed that 153 miRNAs interacting with 122 DECs and 86 miRNAs interacting with 84 DECs were involved in ovarian functions and ovarian circadian entrainment and circadian rhythm respectively. The DEC-miRNA-DEG (differentially expressed gene, DEG) networks associated with reproduction-related signaling pathways contained 22 DECs,18 miRNAs and 7 DEGs. 22 DECs were recognized as hub circRNAs during the estrus phase of Xiang pigs.

Conclusions
The circRNAs that function as miRNA sponges could play a key role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during Xiang pig’s estrus cycle.
Contrast enhanced FLAIR versus contrast enhanced T1W images in evaluation of intraparenchymal brain lesions
Authors: EL-Adalany Mohamed Ali , Bilal Maha Mohamed Zaki , Rihan Yomna Abdulwahab Mohmamed , EL-Metwally Dina 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with suspected brain lesions are usually evaluated by means of intravenous contrast materials. These lesions may demonstrate enhancement through different mechanisms. At most institutions, CE-T1WI is the preferred sequence. FLAIR is a sort of inversion recovery pulse sequence with a long TR, TE and T1 and hence effectually nulls signals from CSF. The long T1 causes mild T effect and this result in lesion enhancement on post-contrast study. Therefore, lesions demonstrating enhancement on CE-T1WI will also demonstrate enhancement on CE-FLAIR images. The purpose of this work was to assess the role of CE-FLAIR versus CE-T1WI in evaluation of different intraparenchymal brain lesions.

Results
Comparing CE-T1WI to CE-FLAIR in various brain pathologies, both observers found higher sensitivity and specificity for lesion to background contrast ratio on CE-FLAIR comparing to CE-T1WI. Observer 1 found that lesion to background contrast ratio on CE-FLAIR had sensitivity of 71.4%, specificity of 66.7% and AUC of 0.661 versus 63.3% sensitivity, 58.3% specificity and 0.634 AUC for CE-T1WI. Observer 2 found that lesion to background contrast ratio on CE-FLAIR had sensitivity of 77.6%, specificity of 66.7% and AUC of 0.719 versus 61.2% sensitivity, 50% specificity and 0.628 AUC for CE-T1WI.

Conclusion
On comparing CE-FLAIR to CE-T1WI, CE-FLAIR display better lesion detection and enhancement also better soft tissue contrast resolution.
Wave-induced fluid pressure diffusion and anelasticity in partially saturated rocks: The influences of boundary conditions
Authors: Wang Yirong , Zhao Luanxiao , Cao Chenghao , Yao Qiuliang , Yang Zhifang , Cao Hong , Geng Jianhua 
Published: June 2022

Open or partially open boundary conditions in fully or partially saturated rocks possibly occur in many realistic geologic scenarios, and it is critical to understand the influences of wave-induced fluid pressure diffusion and anelasticity for many fields of earth science and engineering applications. Under the framework of Biot’s poroelasticity, by proposing a scale factor to represent the opening degree of the boundary, we have investigated the influences of boundary conditions on the seismic wave dispersion and attenuation in partially saturated rocks. It is found that there exist two types of fluid pressure diffusion taking place simultaneously: the mesoscopic fluid pressure diffusion between the two immiscible fluids (e.g., gas and brine) and the fluid flow associated with the outer boundary. The boundary conditions significantly control the seismic wave dispersion and attenuation signatures. The coupled fluid pressure diffusion of mesoscopic flow and outer boundary flow expedite the pore pressure equilibration processes and make the characteristic frequency one order of magnitude higher than the undrained scenario. The drained and partially drained conditions also significantly decrease the velocity of partially saturated rocks, which can be even lower than that of Gassmann’s prediction and dry rock. The reliability of the theoretical model also is validated by comparing it with the numerical simulation for drained and undrained conditions. We have determined that the proposed model is capable of better interpreting the logging data of velocity-saturation relationship for a partially saturated carbonate reservoir and experimental data of wave dispersion for a fully saturated sandstone, both of which are possibly exposed to the open boundary conditions.
Cytoneme-like protrusion formation induced by LAR is promoted by receptor dimerization
Authors: Nguyen Mai Quynh , Taniguchi Manabu , Yasumura Misato , Iguchi Tokuichi , Sato Makoto 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Actin-based protrusions called cytonemes are reported to function in cell communication by supporting events such as morphogen gradient establishment and pattern formation. Despite the crucial roles of cytonemes in cell signaling, the molecular mechanism for cytoneme establishment remains elusive. In this study, we showed that the leukocyte common antigen-related (LAR) receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase plays an important role in cytoneme-like protrusion formation. Overexpression of LAR in HEK293T cells induced the formation of actin-based protrusions, some of which exceeded 200 µm in length and displayed a complex morphology with branches. Upon focusing on the regulation of LAR dimerization or clustering and the resulting regulatory effects on LAR phosphatase activity, we found that longer and more branched protrusions were formed when LAR dimerization was artificially induced and when heparan sulfate was applied. Interestingly, although the truncated form of LAR lacking phosphatase-related domains promoted protrusion formation, the phosphatase-inactive forms did not show clear changes, suggesting that LAR dimerization triggers the formation of cytoneme-like protrusions in a phosphatase-independent manner. Our results thus emphasize the importance of LAR and its dimerization in cell signaling.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Alterations in lifespan and sleep:wake duration under selective monochromes of visible light in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Krittika Sudhakar , Yadav Pankaj 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Rapid technology development, exposure to gadgets, and artificial lights (with different monochromes) have disturbed our lifestyle and the circadian clock, which otherwise confers better regulation of behavioral patterns and sleep:wake cycles in most organisms including Drosophila melanogaster. We assay the effect of LD12:12 h (light:dark) monochromatic lights (violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red) on the lifespan, activity, and sleep of the D. melanogaster. We observe a shortened lifespan under 12 h of violet, blue, green, and yellow lights, while significantly reduced activity levels under the light phase of blue and green light as compared to their dark phase is observed. Significant increase in the evening anticipation index of flies under blue and green light alongside increased and decreased sleep depth during the day and night respectively suggests the light avoidance, while there is no effect of colored light on the waking time, daily active time, and sleep time. Thus, our study shows short and long-term exposure to certain colored lights in terms of reduced lifespan and locomotor activity, which cause qualitative as well as quantitative changes in the sleep of flies; probably as a sign of aversion towards a specific light.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
The germ plasm is anchored at the cleavage furrows through interaction with tight junctions in the early zebrafish embryo
Authors: Rostam Nadia , Goloborodko Alexander , Riemer Stephan , Hertel Andres , Riedel Dietmar , Vorbrüggen Gerd , Dosch Roland 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The zebrafish germline is specified during early embryogenesis by inherited maternal RNAs and proteins collectively called germ plasm. Only the cells containing germ plasm will become part of the germline, whereas the other cells will commit to somatic cell fates. Therefore, proper localization of germ plasm is key for germ cell specification and its removal is crucial for the development of the soma. The molecular mechanism underlying this process in vertebrates is largely unknown. Here, we show that germ plasm localization in zebrafish is similar to that in Xenopus but distinct from Drosophila. We identified non muscle myosin II (NMII) and tight junction (TJ) components, such as ZO2 and claudin-d (Cldn-d) as interaction candidates of Bucky ball (Buc), which is the germ plasm organizer in zebrafish. Remarkably, we also found that TJ protein ZO1 colocalizes with germ plasm, and electron microscopy of zebrafish embryos uncovered TJ-like structures at the cleavage furrows where the germ plasm is anchored. In addition, injection of the TJ receptor Cldn-d produced extra germ plasm aggregates, whereas expression of a dominant-negative version inhibited germ plasm aggregate formation. Our findings support for the first time a role for TJs in germ plasm localization.
AMPK activates the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway to govern dendrite pruning via the insulin pathway in Drosophila
Authors: Yuh Chew Liang , He Jianzheng , Wong Jack Jing Lin , Li Sheng , Yu Fengwei 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
During Drosophila metamorphosis, the ddaC dendritic arborisation sensory neurons selectively prune their larval dendrites in response to steroid hormone ecdysone signalling. The Nrf2-Keap1 pathway acts downstream of ecdysone signalling to promote proteasomal degradation and thereby dendrite pruning. However, how the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway is activated remains largely unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the metabolic regulator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a cell-autonomous role in dendrite pruning. Importantly, AMPK is required for Mical and Headcase expression and for activation of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway. We reveal that AMPK promotes the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway and dendrite pruning partly via inhibition of the insulin pathway. Moreover, the AMPK-insulin pathway is required for ecdysone signalling to activate the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway during dendrite pruning. Overall, this study reveals an important mechanism whereby ecdysone signalling activates the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway via the AMPK-insulin pathway to promote dendrite pruning, and further suggests that during the nonfeeding prepupal stage metabolic alterations lead to activation of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway and dendrite pruning.
Photochromic Lactone-Fused Phenanthropyrans with Broad Absorption and Rapid Color Change
Authors: Graça Vânia , Sousa Céu M , Coelho Paulo J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
New lactone-fused phenanthrol[1,2-b]pyrans were successfully synthesized in 4 steps from naphthaldehydes using, as the key step, the acid-catalyzed cascade condensation of methyl 1-hydroxyphenanthrene-3-carboxylates with diarylbut-2-yne-1,4-diols, which forms the pyran and lactone rings. After exposing CHCl3 solutions of these polyaromatic compounds to UV or sunlight, at room temperature, the color changes vividly from slightly yellow to deep red/brown in a matter of seconds, and fades spontaneously, in the dark, within 1.5 min.
Case Report: Fortuitous discovery of primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma
Authors: Helal Imen , Khanchel Fatma , Jouini Raja , Ben Thayer Maissa , Mbarki Chaouki , Bettaieb Hajer , Rebii Saber , Ben Ismail Imen , Ben Brahim Ehsen , Chedli-Debbiche Aschraf 
Published: June 2022

Psammocarcinoma is an uncommon subtype of low-grade serous carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of extensive psammoma bodies and can have either an ovarian or peritoneal origin. To our knowledge fewer than 30 cases of primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma (PPP) have been reported in the English literature. We report a rare case of PPP in a 74-year-old female, discovered fortuitously within a laparotomy for gallbladder lithiasis. At laparotomy, multiple nodular implants involving the omentum, the peritoneum and a magma of intestinal loops in the right iliac fossa were noted. A biopsy from nodules was performed. Gross examination showed multiple nodules of different sizes in the fat tissue. Pathologic examination showed massive psammoma bodies representing more than 75% of the tumor. The final diagnosis was psammocarcinoma. Our patient was referred to the gynecologic department for further investigation and to ascertain whether the tumor arose from the ovaries or peritoneum. Hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and omentectomy were performed. Macroscopic examination showed that both ovaries were intact having a normal size. No invasion of ovarian stroma was shown in microscopic examination. The patient died of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) six days after the surgery. PPP is a rare type of low-grade serous carcinoma. The behavior of this tumor is unclear, and the treatment is not standardized because of its rarity and lack of long-term follow-up. More cases need to be studied for better understanding and improvement of the management protocols.
Fostering student and faculty scholarship in an accelerated three-year medical school
Authors: Kasselman Lora J. , Ayala Gladys , Shelov Steven , Nonaillada Jeannine 
Published: June 2022

Background: In acknowledgement of the importance of research competency in academic medicine, an extracurricular student research program and faculty development researcher pathway was developed to promote scholarly productivity at New York University (NYU) Long Island School of Medicine (LISOM), a three-year accelerated Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME)-accredited medical school. The aim was to enhance medical students’ and faculty scholarly productivity, by creating new training programs targeting research skills and academic collaboration. Impact was assessed by initial review of the extracurricular student research program and faculty development researcher pathway. Methods: Electronic surveys via Google were sent out to all current (n = 72) students on 9/20/2021 and the faculty identified based on their primary appointment to NYU LISOM in the learning management system on 9/17/2021 to determine participation in research, presentation of research findings, satisfaction with the program, and research opportunities for students. Student scholarly productivity was tracked using PubMed, restricted to search years 2020 through 2022. For the faculty development researcher pathway, publications were tracked for each participant before and after completion of the program, with pre- and post-completion dates ranging from 2012 through 2020. Results: Student survey results (29 responses out of 72) indicated 28% of students were involved in research with institutional faculty and 59% were interested in starting a research project. Most students involved in extracurricular research were satisfied with their experience and eight students have publications with faculty. For the faculty development researcher pathway, 35% of the participants increased publications after program graduation. Conclusions: Outcomes from the student research program and faculty researcher pathway were positive regarding student research engagement and faculty scholarly productivity, though long-term outcomes are yet to be evaluated. Progress will be tracked as students continue through undergraduate and graduate medical education, and as both students and faculty progress throughout their career.
The diverse joys of sex and relationships in straight, gay, and bisexual Polish men.
Authors: Grabski Bartosz , Kasparek Krzysztof , Koziara Karolina , Kania Zofia , Mijas Magdalena 
Published: June 2022

Cel pracyCelem badania było opisanie orientacji seksualnych, relacji intymnych, zachowań seksualnych i przyjemności u mężczyzn identyfikujących się jako heteroseksualni, biseksualni i homoseksualni.MetodaAnalizę oparto na danych pochodzących z przekrojowego internetowego badania seksualności polskich mężczyzn heteroseksualnych (MH; N = 1079), homoseksualnych (MG; N = 1704) i biseksualnych (MB; N = 713). Porównano mężczyzn z tych trzech grup pod względem ich orientacji seksualnej, relacji intymnych i zachowań seksualnych, w tym najbardziej przyjemnych czynności seksualnych.WynikiSeksualność MG i MB wydaje się być bardziej zróżnicowana i mniej ukierunkowana na określone czynności seksualne. Mężczyźni należący do mniejszości seksualnych (MMS) częściej byli w związkach otwartych (nieekskluzywnych), mieli bardziej zróżnicowane doświadczenia seksualne, a także większą różnorodność aktywności seksualnej. Dotyczyło to zwłaszcza mężczyzn biseksualnych.WnioskiPrzeprowadzona analiza wskazuje na istnienie zależności i znaczących różnic w zakresie orientacji seksualnej, relacji intymnych, zachowań seksualnych i przyjemności seksualnej u MH, MG i MB. Uzyskane wyniki, wskazujące na większą różnorodność form ekspresji seksualnej i preferencji wśród MMS, służyć mogą zarówno zmianie stereotypowych przekonań, jak i pozytywnie wpłynąć na praktykę pedagogiczną (edukację seksualną i nauczanie specjalistyczne) oraz kliniczną (trafniejszą oceną potrzeb i problemów doświadczanych przez pacjentów).
Paulo Freire y el mundo educativo e intelectual jesuita en Chile (1964-1969): una relación colateral
Authors: Madero Cristóbal 
Published: June 2022

This article reviews the circumstances and activities of Paulo Freire during the years 1964 and 1969 in Chile, focusing on his relationship with different works of the Compañía de Jesús in that country. While his work and the evolution of his thought during those five years have been previously studied, less space has been given to studying his relationship with one of the most powerful educational and intellectual poles of those years: the Jesuit order. This study is based on interviews with key informants who worked either directly with Freire or with their methods in the territory. Chile benefited from Freire’s time in the country. During the harshness of his political exile, he also benefited from being in the country, as attested by the density of his thought and the work produced in those years. In particular, the Jesuit order benefited collaterally, in an overall view, from contact with the Brazilian. He was a supporting actor, but important (like all supporting actors) in inspiring perspectives within works of the Society of Jesus, and people who worked on them.