bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary drug-eluting stenting: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Lin , Wang Shenglin , Tang Kai , Yang Xu , Wu Jianli , Wang Dan , Xu Liqiong , Feng Tao , Li Dejin , Ran Jiuju , Li Debo , Zhang Li , Zhao Dan 
Published: October 2022

Background:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet regimens after coronary drug-eluting stenting by network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods:
PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the comparison of different dual antiplatelet regimens after coronary drug-eluting stenting from inception to September 1st, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk bias of included studies. Stata 16.0 software was used for NMA.

Results:
A total of 27 RCTs involving 79,880 patients were included. The results of NMA: in terms of myocardial infarction (MI), other 3 interventions were higher than the long-term dual antiplatelet therapy (L-DAPT) (the standard dual antiplatelet therapy [Std-DAPT] [odds ratio [OR] = 1.82, 95%confidence interval [CI]: 1.49-2.21), the aspirin monotherapy after short-term dual antiplatelet therapy (S-DAPT + As) (OR = 2.06, 95%CI: 1.57-2.70), the P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short-term dual antiplatelet therapy (S-DAPT + P2Y12) (OR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.29-2.28)]. In terms of stent thrombosis, other 3 interventions were higher than L-DAPT [Std-DAPT (OR = 2.18, 95%CI: 1.45-3.28), S-DAPT + As (OR = 2.32, 95%CI: 1.52-3.54), S-DAPT + P2Y12 (OR = 2.31, 95%CI: 1.22-4.36)]. There was no statistically significant difference among the 4 interventions in prevention of stroke and all-cause mortality (P > .05). In terms of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events, other 3 interventions were higher than L-DAPT (Std-DAPT [OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.12-1.45], S-DAPT + As [OR = 1.27, 95%CI: 1.09-1.48], S-DAPT + P2Y12 [OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.01-1.52]). In terms of safety, bleeding rate of other 3 interventions were lower than L-DAPT (Std-DAPT [OR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.52-0.85], S-DAPT + As [OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.39-0.66], S-DAPT + P2Y12 [OR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.26-0.49]). Two interventions were lower than L-DAPT (S-DAPT + As [OR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.65-0.90], S-DAPT + P2Y12 [OR = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.44-0.66]). S-DAPT + As was higher than L-DAPT (OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.10-1.83).

Conclusions:
S-DAPT + P2Y12 has the lowest bleeding risk, while L-DAPT has the highest bleeding risk. In the outcome of MI, stent thrombosis, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events, L-DAPT has the best efficacy. In the outcome of stroke and all-cause mortality, the 4 interventions were equally effective.
Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-velpatasvir: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ren Xiao-Dan , Fu Xue , He Yuan-Qun , Li Chun-Yan , Guo Meng , Qiao Min 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
The sofosbuvir-velpatasvir single-tablet regimen (Epclusa) is a newly FDA-approved inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV). This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of velpatasvir-sofosbuvir in the treatment of chronic HCV infection.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE and Web of Science was conducted. Data from eligible studies were pooled in a fixed-effect meta-analysis model, using Open-Meta and RevMan software’s.

Results:
Pooled data showed that velpatasvir-sofosbuvir achieved sustained virological response (SVR12) rates of 94.2% (95% CI 90.7–97.7%, P < .001) in 1277 patients. The addition of ribavirin did not significantly increase the SVR12 (RR = 1.03, 95%CI [0.95, 1.11]) in HCV genotype-1 patients and the SVR12 (RR = 1.09, 95%CI [0.86, 1.38]) in HCV genotype-2 patients. However, adding ribavirin significantly increased SVR12 (RR = 1.13, 95% CI [1.04, 1.23]) in genotype-3 patients.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the 12-week regimen of sofosbuvir-velpatasvir was highly effective in HCV patients. Except for genotype-3, adding ribavirin was not associated with significant improvements in SVR12 rates.
Severe gastrointestinal injury associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: Thrombosis or Inflammation?: A retrospective case series study
Authors: Robayo-Amortegui Henry , Forero-Delgadillo Alex , Pérez-Garzón Michel , Poveda-Henao Claudia , Muñoz-Claros Conny , Bayona-Solano Andrea , Orozco Carlos , Buitrago-Bernal Ricardo 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has a low incidence of complications in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Pathophysiological knowledge related to AGI is limited, as few studies have been published on this topic. Therefore, this study was carried out to identify the clinical and histopathological features of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and grade IV AGI.

Methods:
This is a retrospective case study of fifteen patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and grade IV AGI who underwent emergency surgery.

Results:
This study revealed a mortality rate of 62.5%. The most frequent gastrointestinal symptoms were abdominal distension (100%) and increased gastric residual volume (93.3%). Distended bowel loops on plain abdominal radiography (90%) and intestinal pneumatosis on computed tomography (50%) were the most frequent imaging findings. Surgical exploration revealed intestinal ischemia (66.6%) and necrosis (46.6%), and histopathology showed ischemic and liquefactive necrosis with mixed inflammatory involvement and absence of thrombosis as the cause of AGI.

Conclusions:
AGI associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection has a high mortality rate and poses a diagnostic challenge in the ICU. The complex pathophysiology and histopathological findings indicate an associated inflammatory phenomenon as the main alteration in the absence of thrombosis, as per the intestinal biopsies of the cases studied. Further clinical studies are required to gain a better understanding of this pathology.
Successful control of intestinal bleeding from metastasis of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma with pembrolizumab: A case report
Authors: Ikushima Hiroaki , Asaga Reina , Sakatani Toshio , Masuda Yoshio , Morikawa Teppei , Usui Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis and has no standard chemotherapy. We herein report a case of small intestinal metastasis of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma that resulted in intestinal bleeding and was successfully treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy.

Patient concerns:
A 54-year-old man with a history of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma resection was referred to our hospital due to a 1-month history of a fever and general fatigue.

Diagnosis:
Laboratory investigation revealed microcytic anemia. Hematochezia was also noted after admission. Computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT at the time of this admission revealed intraperitoneal masses alongside the small intestine with no significant ascites.

Interventions:
Pembrolizumab (400 mg/body) was introduced as the first-line chemotherapy.

Outcomes:
By the 15th day after the initial pembrolizumab administration, the fever had disappeared, and the intraperitoneal masses were markedly reduced. Hematochezia had also disappeared, and he no longer needed to receive blood transfusions.

Lessons:
To our knowledge, this is the first report in which small intestinal metastasis of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma was successfully controlled by pembrolizumab monotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors may be promising therapeutic agents against pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma.
Kinesio taping for ankle sprain in youth athlete: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Nan , Chen Shan , Cui Kui , Li Li 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Ankle sprain is considered a major problem that may hinder youth athletes’ athletic development because it will lead to ongoing dysfunction, reoccurrence of ankle sprain, chronic ankle instability, and posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Kinesio taping (KT) is a therapeutic taping technique that has been widely used in the treatment of various ankle issues including sprained ankles and in the prevention of ankle sprains. It can not only provide the injured ankle with support during the rehabilitation phase, but also enhance the ankle stability during activity. However, the available evidence regarding its effectiveness in the treatment and prevention of ankle sprain is inconsistent. Therefore, a systematic review will help clinicians and coaches better understand the application of KT in clinical and training practices. This study is to systematically review the literature on the use of KT to improve outcomes including ankle function, proprioception, and pain and to evaluate the effectiveness of KT in the treatment and prevention of ankle sprain injuries.

Methods:
A comprehensive electronic search of the literature will be undertaken in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane library, Web of Science and Scopus from 1979 to August 2022. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale will be used to assess the methodological quality of all included studies and RevMan 5.3 (Copenhagen, The Nordic Cochrane Centre) for the data analysis.

Results:
This study will provide a standardized evaluation and comparison for effects of KT on the treatment and prevention of ankle sprains in youth athletes.

Conclusion:
This review will provide the evidence of the effectiveness of KT used in the treatment and prevention of ankle sprain in youth athletes. This review will also provide directions and recommendations for future research and clinical practices targeting treatment and prevention of ankle sprains in youth athletes.
Anesthetic management of epilepsy surgery in a patient previously diagnosed with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A case report
Authors: Xu Yue , Li Yi , He Jinhua , Li Jianli , Liu Meinv , Zhang Huanhuan 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC), also known as stress cardiomyopathy, apical ballooning syndrome, octopus pot cardiomyopathy and broken heart syndrome, is characterized by wall motion abnormalities of the left ventricle.

Patient concerns:
Here, we reported a 73-year-old woman diagnosed with TC induced by epilepsy before 3 months presented to the authors’ hospital with generalized tonic-clonic seizure. She was scheduled for intracranial tumor resection to cure the epilepsy.

Diagnosis:
She was diagnosed with epilepsy and TC. Interventions: Anesthesia management plays an important role in patients with a past history of TC.

Outcomes:
At the 1-week follow-up, she had fully recovered without obvious abnormalities.

Lessons subsections:
We emphasize the importance of individualized anesthesia management in patients with a past history of TC.
Triphalangeal thump, thumb duplication, and syndactyly: The first case report in the literature
Authors: Swed Sarya , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Saleh Hiba Haj , Chawa Yamane , Baria Alaa , Etr Aladdin 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Triphalangeal thumb (TPT) is a rare congenital malformation where the thumb has three phalanges instead of two. Syndactyly is a condition in which children are born with fused or webbed fingers. The combination of TPT, Syndactyly, and thumb duplication is extremely rare, especially when these deformities are combined in one hand.

Patient concerns:
Hand abnormalities and polydactyl have been reported in a 1-year-old boy.

Diagnosis:
A clinical examination reveals two thumb duplications, finger fusion (Syndactyly), and a thumb with three phalanges (TPT). The diagnosis was based on clinical findings and an X-ray image of the hand.

Interventions:
The Z-plasty method was used to remove the adhesion between the thumb and forefinger, as well as the removal of the medial and distal phalanx of the thumb’s medial tip.

Outcomes:
The patient was followed for 2 months and found him in good health. To authors’ knowledge, we described an unusual case from Syria, considered the first in medical history.

Lessons Learned:
General and plastic surgeons should be aware about this unusual mix of the three abnormalities. The family history must also be carefully investigated to explore the occurrence of hereditary illnesses.
An updated systematic review of the association between the TLR4 polymorphism rs4986790 and cancers risk
Authors: Xiao Qiang , Chen Jian , Zeng ShuKun , Cai Hu , Zhu GuoMin 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a lipopolysaccharide receptor that may influence tumor progression through inflammatory response and immune response. This complex process mainly occurs within cells. The correlation between TLR4 and neoplasms has been of great interest, but discrepancies remain.

Methods:
We analyze the literature retrieved from five databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, and Wan Fang) to assess the intensity of association using odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were utilized to find sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias is estimated using contour-enhanced funnel plots, Begg’s test, and Egger’s test, and we implemented sensitivity analysis to clarify the reliability of the outcomes. We also conducted an evaluation of the sample size using trial sequential analysis (TSA) method.

Results:
We found a significant association between rs4986790 and tumors (dominant model: OR [95% CI] = 1.25 [1.11–1.42]; heterozygous model OR [95% CI] = 1.25 [1.11–1.41]; and additive model: OR [95% CI] = 1.25 [1.10–1.41]. Specifically, the rs4986790 minor allele G may increase the risk of gastric cancer (dominant model: OR [95% CI] = 1.62 [1.3–2.03]; heterozygous model: OR [95% CI] = 1.57 [1.24–1.97]; additive model: OR [95% CI] = 1.64 [1.31–2.05] and other tumors (dominant model: OR [95% CI] = 1.36 [1.17–1.57]; heterozygous model: OR [95% CI] = 1.43 [1.25–1.63]; additive model: OR [95% CI] = 1.35 [1.18–1.55]. Further subgroup analysis showed that this association are both present in Caucasian and Asian.

Conclusion:
The outcomes of our systemic review proved that the TLR4 polymorphism rs4986790 is associated with cancer, especially with gastric cancer, and this strong correlation are evident in Caucasians and Asian.
Exploration of Gancao Xiexin decoction for treatment of Behcet disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Zhang Xin 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, this study discusses the potential mechanism of Gancao Xiexin decoction in the treatment of Behçet disease (BD) to provide a more reliable theoretical basis for the treatment of BD.

Methods:
The effective components and action targets of Gancao Xiexin decoction were obtained by searching the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform database, and the genome annotation database platform (GeneCards) database Search BD related targets in Online Mendelian inheritance in man database, pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics knowledge base database, therapeutic target database and drugbank database, Venny analysis tool was used to overlap drug targets and disease targets; The “active drug active ingredient target gene” network was constructed with the help of Cytoscape 3.8.2 software, and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with string database; R language was used for Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis; Target prediction based on pubchemp platform.

Results:
A total of 163 active components were identified, with 730 corresponding targets, including 56 common targets of the active components and BD. GO enrichment analysis yielded 1126 entries for biological processes (BP), 17 entries for cellular components, and 89 entries for molecular functions. The significant items of BP enrichment mainly included reaction to lipopolysaccharide, reaction to bacteria-derived molecules, exogenous apoptosis signal pathways, and biological metabolism processes of reactive oxygen species. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 118 significantly enriched pathways. The molecular docking technology verified that its effective components can effectively bind to the corresponding BD related target proteins.

Conclusion:
Gancao Xiexin decoction synergistically treats BD through multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel mechanisms, which provides a basis for further study of the active components and mechanism of Gancao Xiexin decoction.
Clomiphene citrate mild stimulation improved follicular development outcomes in PCOS women with high luteinizing hormone and poor ovarian response: A case report
Authors: Yang Xiaojing , Jiang Meiyan , Deng Miao , Zhang Huanhuan , Lin Zhenyun , Fei Xiaoyang , Zhang Hongyan 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a main cause of anovulatory infertility in women of reproductive age. About 30% to 50% of patients with PCOS has high serum basal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and almost 5% of PCOS women with high LH have poor ovarian response (POR). We reported a case of a PCOS woman with high basal LH levels who canceled due to POR during two consecutive controlled ovarian stimulation treatments, which was considered to be related to the suppression of LH levels during downregulation. Clomiphene citrate (CC) combined with human menopausal urinary gonadotropin (HMG) mild regimen did not affect LH levels and obtained good follicular development, providing a new treatment insight for patients with PCOS combined with POR.

Patient concerns:
A 28-year-old PCOS woman with high basal LH levels, underwent IVF assisted pregnancy treatment in our hospital, whom canceled due to POR during two traditional controlled ovulation induction program. Follicular development was finally achieved with CC milder protocol.

Diagnosis:
This patient with the diagnosis of PCOS was undergone IVF assisted pregnancy treatment in our hospital.

Interventions:
CC protocol supports the development of follicular.

Outcomes:
CC protocol resulted in better follicular development and high-quality embryos due to the continuous maintenance of an elevated LH levels.

Conclusion:
PCOS women with poor ovarian response required relatively higher LH to maintain the normal development of follicles.
Prognostic factors in diabetes: Comparison of Chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) decision tree technology and logistic regression
Authors: Choi Hae-Young , Kim Eun-Yeob , Kim Jaeyoung 
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to develop a diabetes prediction model. The model performance was compared with logistic regression, and the decision tree Chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) was used to predict diabetes.
In total, 3233 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 589 patients with diabetes and 2644 patients without diabetes were included after analyzing the study sample from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)-8 data. In this study, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) diagnosis prediction was compared with logistic regression and prediction through machine learning (ML) using the CHAID decision classification tree. We performed statistical analysis using the CHAID method with International Business Machine (IBM) statistical program SPSS®.
We performed logistic regression analysis to predict the classification of diabetes accurately, and the total classification accuracy of the analysis was 81.7%, and the CHAID decision tree classification accuracy was 81.8%. A diabetes diagnosis decision tree was created, which included seven terminal nodes and three depth levels. This analysis showed that a blood pressure problem and hospital visits were the most decisive variables at the time of classification, and two risk levels were created for diabetes diagnosis.
The suggested method is a valuable tool for predicting diabetes. Patients who visit the hospital because of blood pressure problems are more likely to develop diabetes than under-treating hyperlipidemia. The diabetes prediction model can help doctors make decisions by detecting the possibility of diabetes early; however, it is impossible to diagnose diabetes using only the model without the doctor’s opinion.
Diagnostic performance of corona virus disease 2019 chest computer tomography image recognition based on deep learning: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Qiaolan , Ma Jingxuan , Zhang Luoning , Xie Linshen 
Published: October 2022

Background:
To analyze the diagnosis performance of deep learning model used in corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) computer tomography(CT) chest scans. The included sample contains healthy people, confirmed COVID-19 patients and unconfirmed suspected patients with corresponding symptoms.

Methods:
PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WAN FANG DATA, and Cochrane Library were searched for articles. Three researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data. Any differences will be resolved by consulting the third author to ensure that a highly reliable and useful research paper is produced. Data were extracted from the final articles, including: authors, country of study, study type, sample size, participant demographics, type and name of AI software, results (accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, ROC, and predictive values), other outcome(s) if applicable.

Results:
Among the 3891 searched results, 32 articles describing 51,392 confirmed patients and 7686 non-infected individuals met the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity, the pooled specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and the pooled diagnostic odds ratio (OR) is 0.87(95%CI [confidence interval]: 0.85, 0.89), 0.85(95%CI: 0.82, 0.87), 6.7(95%CI: 5.7, 7.8), 0.14(95%CI: 0.12, 0.16), and 49(95%CI: 38, 65). Further, the AUROC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) is 0.94(95%CI: 0.91, 0.96). Secondary outcomes are specific sensitivity and specificity within subgroups defined by different models. Resnet has the best diagnostic performance, which has the highest sensitivity (0.91[95%CI: 0.87, 0.94]), specificity (0.90[95%CI: 0.86, 0.93]) and AUROC (0.96[95%CI: 0.94, 0.97]), according to the AUROC, we can get the rank Resnet > Densenet > VGG > Mobilenet > Inception > Effficient > Alexnet.

Conclusions:
Our study findings show that deep learning models have immense potential in accurately stratifying COVID-19 patients and in correctly differentiating them from patients with other types of pneumonia and normal patients. Implementation of deep learning-based tools can assist radiologists in correctly and quickly detecting COVID-19 and, consequently, in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.