bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sr distribution as proxy for Ca distribution at depth in SXRF analysis of mm‐sized carbonaceous chondrites: Implications for asteroid sample return missions
Authors: Tkalcec B. J. , Tack P. , De Pauw E. , Vekemans B. , Nakamura T. , Garrevoet J. , Falkenberg G. , Vincze L. , Brenker F. E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractReliable identification of chondrules, calcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusions (CAIs), carbonate grains, and Ca‐phosphate grains at depth within untouched, unprepared chondritic samples by a nondestructive analytical method, such as synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence (SXRF) computed tomography (CT), is an essential first step before intrusive analytical and sample preparation methods are performed. The detection of a local Ca‐enrichment could indicate the presence of such a component, all of which contain Ca as major element and/or Ca‐bearing minerals, allowing it to be precisely located at depth within a sample. However, the depth limitation from which Ca‐K fluorescence can travel through a chondrite sample (e.g., ∼115 µm through material of 1.5 g cm−3) to XRF detectors leaves many Ca‐bearing components undetected at deeper depths. In comparison, Sr‐K lines travel much greater distances (∼1700 µm) through the same sample density and are, thus, detected from much greater depths. Here, we demonstrate a clear, positive, and preferential correlation between Ca and Sr and conclude that Sr‐detection can be used as proxy for the presence of Ca (and, thus, Ca‐bearing components) throughout mm‐sized samples of carbonaceous chondritic material. This has valuable implications, especially for sample return missions from carbonaceous C‐type asteroids, such as Ryugu or Bennu. Reliable localization, identification, and targeted analysis by SXRF of Ca‐bearing chondrules, CAIs, and carbonates at depth within untouched, unprepared samples in the initial stages of a multianalysis investigation insures the valuable information they hold of pre‐ and post‐accretion processes in the early solar system is neither corrupted nor destroyed in subsequent processing and analyses.
AnfO controls fidelity of nitrogenase FeFe protein maturation by preventing misincorporation of FeV‐cofactor
Authors: Pérez‐González Ana , Jimenez‐Vicente Emilio , Salinero‐Lanzarote Alvaro , Harris Derek F. , Seefeldt Lance C. , Dean Dennis R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAzotobacter vinelandii produces three genetically distinct, but structurally and mechanistically similar nitrogenase isozymes designated as Mo‐dependent, V‐dependent, or Fe‐only based on the heterometal contained within their associated active site cofactors. These catalytic cofactors, which provide the site for N2 binding and reduction, are, respectively, designated as FeMo‐cofactor, FeV‐cofactor, and FeFe‐cofactor. Fe‐only nitrogenase is a poor catalyst for N2 fixation, when compared to the Mo‐dependent and V‐dependent nitrogenases and is only produced when neither Mo nor V is available. Under conditions favoring the production of Fe‐only nitrogenase a gene product designated AnfO preserves the fidelity of Fe‐only nitrogenase by preventing the misincorporation of FeV‐cofactor, which results in the accumulation of a hybrid enzyme that cannot reduce N2. These results are interpreted to indicate that AnfO controls the fidelity of Fe‐only nitrogenase maturation during the physiological transition from conditions that favor V‐dependent nitrogenase utilization to Fe‐only nitrogenase utilization to support diazotrophic growth.
Characteristics of cause of death and triggers for crisis in patients with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Sugimoto Takamichi , Ochi Kazuhide , Yamawaki Takemori , Naito Hiroyuki , Ohno Narumi , Nomura Eiichi , Kohriyama Tatsuo , Maruyama Hirofumi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionImproving our knowledge on the cause of death and triggers of crisis in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients may have a patient be careful in the daily life.MethodsWe selected 233 MG patients with regular visits to our hospital between 1st May 2006 and 31 December 2018. We investigated the cause of death and trigger of crisis at our hospital.ResultsEight MG patients were confirmed to die during the observation period, and the causes of death were four cases of cancer (breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer, and cancer of an unknown primary site) and two cases of sudden death (sudden cardiac arrest and cardiac arrest from choking), invasive thymoma, and vertebral artery dissection. Fourteen patients experienced crisis, and the most common trigger of crisis was respiratory infection, followed by cholinergic and intravenous methylprednisolone.ConclusionThe most common cause of death was cancer, and the most common trigger of crisis was respiratory infection. Sudden death was characteristic of MG patients. Respiratory infection and malignancy should be considered in MG patients regularly to prevent crisis and death. Further research on sudden death in MG patients should be performed.
Testing the specificity of links between anxiety and performance within mathematics and spatial reasoning
Authors: Daker Richard J. , Delage Véronic , Maloney Erin A. , Lyons Ian M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnxiety within the domains of math and spatial reasoning have consistently been shown to predict performance within those domains. However, little work has focused on how specific these associations are. Across two studies, we systematically tested the degree of specificity in relations between anxiety and performance within math and spatial reasoning. Results consistently showed that anxiety within a cognitive domain predicted performance in that domain even when controlling for other forms of anxiety, providing evidence that cognition‐specific anxieties are valuable for understanding cognition‐specific performance. We also found that general trait anxiety did not explain a significant portion the anxiety–performance link in either math or spatial reasoning, suggesting that these anxiety–performance associations are not due to the propensity to feel anxious generally. Interestingly, while spatial anxiety did not explain any of the anxiety–performance association in math, math anxiety did explain a significant portion of the anxiety–performance link in spatial reasoning. These results suggest that, while links between anxiety and performance cannot be reduced to a single underlying general anxiety construct, there may nevertheless be overlap between domain anxieties. We end by calling for a more detailed examination of the unique and shared mechanisms linking anxiety and performance across disparate cognitive domains.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ameliorates maternal diabetes–mediated gastrointestinal symptoms and autism‐like behavior in mouse offspring
Authors: Zeng Jiaying , Liang Yujie , Sun Ruoyu , Huang Saijun , Wang Zichen , Xiao Li , Lu Jianpin , Yu Hong , Yao Paul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEpidemiological studies have shown that maternal diabetes is associated with autism spectrum disorder development, although the detailed mechanism remains unclear. We have previously found that maternal diabetes induces persistent epigenetic changes and gene suppression in neurons, subsequently triggering autism‐like behavior (ALB). In this study, we investigated the potential role and effect of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) on maternal diabetes–mediated gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction and ALB in a mouse model. We show in vitro that transient hyperglycemia induced persistent epigenetic changes and gene suppression of tight junction proteins. In vivo, maternal diabetes–mediated oxidative stress induced gene suppression and inflammation in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and intestine epithelial cells, subsequently triggering GI dysfunction with increased intestinal permeability and altered microbiota compositions, as well as suppressed gene expression in neurons and subsequent ALB in offspring; HSC transplantation (HSCT) ameliorates this effect by systematically reversing maternal diabetes–mediated oxidative stress. We conclude that HSCT can ameliorate maternal diabetes–mediated GI symptoms and autism‐like behavior in mouse offspring.
Glenotemporal osteotomy with bone grafting versus Dautrey's procedure for the management of chronic recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation and hypermobility: A retrospective study
Authors: Zeitoun Ibrahim M. , Medra Ahmed , Mahran Hamada , Rizq Moataz , Koraitim Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the current study was to retrospectively compare Dautery's procedure and glenotemporal osteotomy in the treatment of chronic recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation and hypermobility.Materials and Methods28 patients presented with chronic recurrent dislocation of the TMJ during the period of the study. Three cases were omitted as they were operated using surgical techniques other than Dautrey's procedure or glenotemporal osteotomy. Another two cases were excluded because of incomplete data.Results23 patients, 18 females and 5 males were included in this study. Group I included nine patients who had Dautrey's procedure and group II included 14 patients for whom glenotemporal osteotomy and bone grafting was performed. The mean age was 26.2 years (ranging from 14.5 to 54 years). The mean postoperative mouth opening in group I was 29 mm (ranging from 23 to 36 mm). The mean postoperative mouth opening in group II was 28.5 mm (ranging from 21 to 41 mm). Statistical analysis failed to reveal a significant difference in complications between both groups.ConclusionsDautrey's procedure and glenotemporal osteotomy are valuable surgical options in the treatment of chronic TMJ dislocation. The choice of the procedure may be left to the operator's preference.
Origin makes a difference: Alternative responses of an AM‐dependent plant to mycorrhizal inoculum from invaded and native soils under abiotic stress
Authors: Guisande‐Collazo A. , González L. , Souza‐Alonso P. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The presence of invasive alien plants (IAPs) alters the composition of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities. Although fundamental for plant development, plant responses to AM from invaded soils have not been widely explored, especially under environmental stress.

We compared plant growth, P accumulation, root colonization and the photosynthetic responses of the native AM‐dependent Plantago lanceolata growing in contact with AM fungi from communities invaded by Acacia dealbata Link (AMinv) or non‐invaded communities (AMnat) exposed to water and light restriction (shade).

Under optimal growing conditions, plants in contact with AMnat produced higher leaf biomass and accumulated more P. However, plant responses to different AM inocula varied as the level of stress increased. Inoculation with AMinv promoted plant growth and root length under light restriction. When plants grew in contact with AMnat under drought, leaf P increased under severe water restriction, and leaf and root P increased under intermediate water irrigation. Growing in contact with the AMnat inoculum promoted root P content in both full light and light restriction. Colonization rates of P. lanceolata roots were comparable between treatments, and plants maintained photosynthetic activity within similar ranges, regardless of the level of stress applied.

Our results suggest that origin of the inoculum (native soils versus invaded soils) did not affect the ability of AM species therein to establish effective mutualistic associations with P. lanceolata roots but did influence plant responses depending on the type and level of the abiotic stress.
The Tools of Enculturation
Authors: Menary Richard , Gillett Alexander 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe propose an account of cognitive tools that takes into account the process of enculturation by which tools are integrated into our cognitive systems. Drawing on work in cultural evolution and developmental psychology, we argue that cognitive tools are complex entities consisting of physical objects, representational systems, and cognitive practices for the physical manipulation of the tool. We use an extensive case study of spatial navigation to demonstrate the core claims. The account we provide is contrasted with conceptions of cognitive tools that simplify cognition, in particular that they offload cognitive work, or that the tools themselves are temporary developmental scaffolds or props. Enculturation results in transformed cognitive systems, and we can now think and act in new ways with cognitive tools.
Effect of perfusate volume on amikacin concentrations after saphenous intravenous regional limb perfusion in standing, sedated horses
Authors: Jurek Kelsey A. , Schoonover Mike J. , Williams Megan R. , Rudra Pratyaydipta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of perfusate volume on synovial fluid amikacin concentrations in the joints of the hind limb after standing saphenous intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP).Study designRandomized crossover design.AnimalsSix adult horses.MethodsSaphenous IVRLP was performed in 6 standing horses with 1 g of amikacin diluted with 0.9% NaCl to volumes of 10 ml, 60 ml, and 120 ml. Samples of synovial fluid from the tarsocrural, metatarsophalangeal, and hind limb distal interphalangeal joints were collected at 15 and 30 min after perfusate administration. Concentrations of 40 μg/ml and 160 μg/ml were considered therapeutic for susceptible and resistant pathogens, respectively.ResultsNo difference in synovial fluid amikacin concentrations was detected between volumes in any joint (P = .4). All synovial fluid amikacin concentrations were higher at 30 min compared to 15 min (P = .003). All median synovial fluid amikacin concentrations at 30 min were > 40 μg/ml using the 60 ml and 120 ml volumes. Synovial fluid amikacin concentrations >40 μg/ml were only reached in the hind limb distal interphalangeal joint when the 10 ml volume was used. All median synovial fluid amikacin concentrations observed were < 160 μg/ml.ConclusionsTarget concentrations for pathogens that were considered susceptible were consistently reached with perfusate volumes of 60 ml and 120 ml. However, median synovial fluid amikacin concentrations did not reach target levels for resistant pathogens.Clinical significancePerfusate volumes of 60 ml or 120 ml are recommended to treat infections due to susceptible pathogens in the joints of the distal hind limb. These results justify investigation of saphenous IVRLP with different perfusate volumes using higher doses of amikacin.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Gibbs Nikki 
Published: February 2022

Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 1 Abdulaziz Abdulahman, Marmara University, USAAlbert Henry Ntarmah, Jiangsu University, GhanaAli Massoud, Sohag University, EgyptFahri ÖZSUNGUR, Adana Science and Technology University, TurkeyIulia Lupu, Victor Slavescu” Centre for Financial and Monetary Research, Romanian Academy, RomaniaLiao Zhu, Cornell University, USAMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMahmoud Mohammed Sabra, Al Azhar University-Gaza, PalestineOlena Sokolovska, St. Petersburg State University, RussiaOmer Allagabo Omer Mustafa, Sudan Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences., SudanPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitRajeev Rana, APB Govt. P.G. College, IndiaRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaRomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaShahram Fattahi, Razi University, IranSzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaY. Saidi, M’sila University, AlgeriaZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USA Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
Wound management provided by advanced practice nurses: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Morrell Sherry , Pittman Gina , Mulcaster Adam 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to examine the current state of the literature regarding wound care provided by advanced practice nurses globally. Specifically, this review will examine the similarities and differences in the wound care practice of advanced practice nurses, including nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, and advanced practice registered nurses.

Introduction:
Advanced practice nurses have graduate education and advanced scope of practice. The addition of advanced wound care training provides unique opportunities for advanced practice nurses to provide wound care.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider advanced practice nurses who are nurse practitioners or registered nurses with graduate education and advanced training (certification/education) in wound care. The wound care can be provided independently or as a part of a team, in any setting.

Methods:
The proposed review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. The databases searched will include MEDLINE, CINAHL, ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. To reflect changes in advanced practice nursing scope of practice, searches will be limited to articles published from 2011. Articles in languages other than English will be translated. Titles and abstracts will be independently reviewed by two reviewers, and relevant sources will be retrieved in full and reviewed. Any disagreements will be resolved through discussion or with an additional reviewer. The similarities and differences in wound care practice (type of wound, practice setting, treatments) will be extracted using a data extraction tool. Any modifications will be detailed in the scoping review. Extracted data will be presented in a descriptive format.
Pharmacist’s time spent: Space for Pharmacy-based Interventions and Consultation TimE (SPICE)—an observational time and motion study
Authors: Karia Ajay , Norman Richard , Robinson Suzanne , Lehnbom Elin , Laba Tracey-Lea , Durakovic Iva , Balane Christine , Joshi Rohina , Webster Ruth 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo describe the pharmacists’ workflow, including tasks and time spent, to better understand their work capacity.DesignCross-sectional, observational, time and motion study.SettingCommunity pharmacies in Western Australia and New South Wales, Australia.ParticipantsCurrently registered and practising pharmacists were approached using snowball sampling and selected using purposive techniques to obtain balance representation of metropolitan and rural pharmacies, as well as high and low script volumes where possible.ResultsTwenty-four pharmacists across 15 pharmacies participated during the 135 sessions totalling over 274 hours of observation. Dispensing (30%), indirect patient services (17%), counselling (15%) and professional management activities (15%) were the top four duties pharmacists performed, while only 2% of time was spent on professional services such as pain clinics and influenza vaccinations. Tasks were frequently interrupted and often performed simultaneously. Breaks and consumer-contact times were limited. More time was spent on professional service activities in non-metropolitan pharmacies, in pharmacies with greater daily prescription volumes and those with one or more support pharmacists.ConclusionsThis is the first study to quantify the pharmacists’ tasks in Australian community pharmacies. Much time is being spent on dispensing, supply and management activities with little time for providing additional professional services. An extra supporting pharmacist is likely necessary to increase professional services. These findings could support future research around barriers and enablers of conducive workflows and of extended professional services.
Effect of Acupoint Catgut Embedding for Middle-Aged Obesity: A Multicentre, Randomised, Sham-Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Xia , Huang Wei , Wei Dan , Zhao Ji-Ping , Zhang Wei , Ding De-Guang , Jiao Yang , Pan Hong-Ling , Zhang Jia-Jia , Zhong Feng , Gao Feng , Jin Yi-Ting , Zheng Yi-Wei , Zhang Yan-Ji , Huang Qiao , Zeng Xian-Tao , Zhou Zhong-Yu 
Published: February 2022

Objectives. This study aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) for obesity over a 16-week treatment period using sham stimulation as the control. Methods. A multicenter, randomised, parallel, sham-controlled trial was conducted from February 10, 2017, to May 15, 2018. Men with waistlines ≥85 cm and women with ≥80 cm at three sites were randomised to receive eight sessions (over 16 weeks) of ACE (n = 108) or sham ACE (n = 108) with skin penetration at sham acupoints. The catgut was embedded once every two weeks using two alternating sets of acupoints. The follow-up lasted for an additional 24 weeks. The primary outcome was the percentage waistline reduction from baseline to week 16. Results. We included 216 individuals in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 16 weeks, the rate of waistline reduction was 8.80% (95% confidence interval (CI), 7.93% to 9.66%) in the ACE group and 4.09% (95% CI, 3.18% to 5.00%) in the sham control group, with a between-group difference of 4.71% (95% CI, 3.47% to 5.95%;

P

< 0.0001). This difference persisted throughout the entire follow-up period (between-group difference after 24-week additional weeks, 4.94% (95% CI, 3.58% to 6.30%);

P

< 0.001). The subgroup analyses of waistline by sex (male/female) revealed treatment effects of 1.93 (95% CI, −0.37 to 4.23,

P

= 0.1) in the male group and 3.19 (95% CI, 1.99 to 4.39,

P

< 0.001) in the female group. The adverse event analysis suggested that ACE and laboratory tests confirmed the safety of ACE. Discussion. ACE for 16 weeks could decrease the waistline and weight and was safe for the treatment of obesity. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and sex differences. This trial is registered with NCT02936973.