bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BT-4 PROGNOSIS OF HISTOLOGICALLY DIAGNOSED GRADE 2-3 IDH-WILD TYPE DIFFUSE GLIOMAS TREATED WITH RADIATION AND TEMOZOLOMIDE
Authors: Arita Hideyuki , Takayangi Shunsaku , Tanaka Shota , Nakamura Taishi , Shirahata Mitsuaki , Tamura Kaoru , Uduka Takeo , Nagane Motoo , Narita Yoshitaka , Ichimura Koichi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although adult diffuse gliomas, IDH-wildtype, histologically diagnosed as grade 2-3 have been regarded as clinically equivalents with glioblastomas, the prognosis of this population has scarcely been discussed with further consideration of treatment backgrounds. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prognosis of adult patients with IDH-wildtype diffuse gliomas histologically diagnosed as WHO grade 2-3 using a cohort with homogenous treatment background. A total of 214 IDH-wildtype cases were extracted from the collected data of the previous study investigating the prognostic significance of molecular markers (Arita, Acta Neuropathol Commun 2016). The inclusion criteria were as follows: supratentorial tumor, pretreatment Karnofsky Performance status of 70 or higher, wildtype-H3.3 status, chemoradiation therapy with temozolomide after the initial surgery. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier methods. The histological diagnosis in this study was made based on the WHO 2016 classification, and the histological criteria is compatible with the current classification (CNS WHO5).The mean age was 62.8, 59.8 and 60.2 years in grade 2 (n=8), 3 (n=45) and 4 (n=161) case, respectively. The higher ratio of biopsy cases was associated lower grades (50% in grade 2, 22% in grade 3 and 9% in grade 4 cases). Grade 2-3 cases showed short survival (OS 24.7 months and PFS 9.7months) despite the intensive treatment of chemoradiation at the time of diagnosis. In details, OS was 41.5, 23.1 and 17.8 months in grade 2, 3 and 4 cases, respectively. PFS was 12.6, 9.7 and 8.2 months in grade 2, 3 and 4 cases, respectively. Our results revealed that IDH-wildtype grade 2-3 cases showed dismal prognosis even after the chemoradiation at the time of diagnosis. Further development of treatments is needed in this population as well as glioblastomas, IDH-wildtype.
COT-1 EXPERIENCE OF THE BRAIN TUMORS DURING PREGNANCY AT OUR HOSPITAL
Authors: Mohri Genshin , Kitano Yotarou , Matsubara Toshio , Suzuki Hidenori 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Treatment for symptomatic brain tumors is rare during pregnancy, and treatment strategies vary depending on the time of pregnancy. We report three cases of brain tumor under pregnancy at our institution. Case 1 was a 37-year-old woman at 6 weeks gestation and was transported by emergency due to status epileptics. Malignant glioma of the right frontal lobe was suspected by imaging. Diagnosis was Oligodendroglioma IDH mutant grade2. Case 2 was a 41-year-old woman diagnosed with von Hippel-Lindau disease, had a history of multiple surgeries, and was image-followed for new nodular lesions. She developed gait disturbance at 23 weeks gestation, and MRI showed cyst formation in the nodular lesion, and she was referred to our hospital. The treatment was to remove the tumor after cesarean section, and at 26 weeks gestation, simultaneous tumor removal after cesarean section was performed, and both mother and baby were in good condition. Case 3 was a 35-year-old woman who became aware of visual field abnormalities at 37 weeks gestation, and pointed out a pituitary tumor. She underwent endoscopic tumor resection one week after the caesarean section. In a 2008 paper, the algorithm of the treatment guideline for brain tumors associated with pregnancy is often treated in line. Basically, the priority is given to the mother, and the treatment policy differs depending on the time of pregnancy and the condition of the mother and fetus. It is necessary to collaborate with multiple departments such as obstetrics and gynecology, anesthesiology, and pediatrics, such as whether or not pregnancy can be continued and surgical treatment is required.
COT-18 DATABASE STUDY ON TRENDS IN MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Hirose Yuko , Fukui Daisuke , Sunahara Nanae , Narita Yoshitaka , Horibuchi Yuzo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Glioblastoma is the most is the poorest prognosis tumor of all carcinomas. Various factors contribute to deterioration for glioblastoma such as age, KPS, and surgical removal level. The most important factors for poor prognosis are that half of patients with glioblastoma have a KPS ≤ 70 at the start of treatment because glioblastoma progresses rapidly. There have been no comprehensive reports on the trends in visits and time to initiation of treatment for patients with glioblastoma. We analyzed the actual clinical course of malignant brain tumor patients using the receipt database with the aim of raising awareness of prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Methods
Because this study included patient-visit transitions, we utilized receipt data from JMDC Inc., which can be tracked through changes of medical facilities. We analyzed for data for the period January 1, 2005, to March 31, 2022.

Results and Discussion
The study included 493 patients with malignant neoplasms of brain, aged 18 years or older, who underwent surgery and received radiation or temozolomide. The medical departments that visited for the first time before surgery were general internal medicine, neurosurgery, followed by ophthalmologist, orthopedics, and otolaryngology. The period from the date of the first visit to surgery was 21 days for neurosurgery and 46 days for general internal medicine. The mean time from MRI to surgery was 11 days when surgery was performed at the MRI site, and 22 days when the patient was referred to another hospital after MRI. This study clarified the actual situation when patients with malignant brain tumors visit a department besides neurosurgery. In order to facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment, it is necessary to raise awareness of the disease among the departments where patients are likely to visit for the first time.
Pervasive hybridization during evolutionary radiation ofRhododendronsubgenusHymenanthesin mountains of southwest China
Authors: Ma Yazhen , Mao Xingxing , Wang Ji , Zhang Lei , Jiang Yuanzhong , Geng Yuying , Ma Tao , Cai Liming , Huang Shuangquan , Hollingsworth Pete , Mao Kangshan , Kang Minghui , Li Yiling , Yang Wenlu , Wu Haolin , Chen Yang , Davis Charles C , Shrestha Nawal , Ree Richard H , Xi Zhenxiang , Hu Quanjun , Milne Richard I , Liu Jianquan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRadiations are especially important for generating species biodiversity in mountainous ecosystems. The contribution of hybridization to such radiations has rarely been examined. Here, we use extensive genomic data to test whether hybridization was involved in evolutionary radiation within Rhododendron subgenus Hymenanthes, whose members show strong geographic isolation in the mountains of southwest China. We sequenced genomes for 143 species of this subgenus and 93 species of four other subgenera, and found that Hymenanthes was monophyletic and radiated during the late Oligocene to middle Miocene. Widespread hybridization events were inferred within and between the identified clades and subclades. This suggests that hybridization occurred both early and late during diversification of subgenus Hymenanthes, although the extent to which hybridization, speciation through mixing-isolation-mixing or hybrid speciation, accelerated the diversification needs further exploration. Cycles of isolation and contact in such and other montane ecosystems may have together promoted species radiation through hybridization between diverging populations and species. Similar radiation processes may apply to other montane floras in this region and elsewhere.
E-cigarette Use Patterns, Flavors, and Device Characteristics Associated With Quitting Smoking Among a U.S. sample of Adults Using E-cigarettes in a Smoking Cessation Attempt
Authors: Bold Krysten , O’Malley Stephanie , Krishnan-Sarin Suchitra , Morean Meghan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionMany adults who smoke cigarettes use e-cigarettes to try to quit smoking; however, some are not successful. Identifying factors that are associated with successfully quitting smoking using e-cigarettes is important for maximizing cigarette cessation.Aims and MethodsOnline survey data were collected in 2021 from 857 adults in the United States who reported using e-cigarettes in a recent attempt to quit smoking. Survey items assessed patterns of e-cigarette use and device characteristics (flavors, device, and nicotine) used when trying to quit smoking. Multivariable linear regression models examined characteristics associated with the longest duration of smoking abstinence when using e-cigarettes to try to quit.ResultsThe average duration of smoking abstinence when using e-cigarettes during a quit attempt was 65 days (SD = 104). In the multivariable model, greater frequency of e-cigarette use when quitting and abruptly switching to e-cigarettes from cigarettes (vs. gradually reducing) were significantly associated with longer durations of abstinence (p &lt; .001). Preference for non-tobacco (relative to tobacco) flavors and nicotine concentration were not associated with duration of abstinence, although preference for rechargeable pod and mod device types (vs. cig-a-likes) was associated with longer durations of abstinence.ConclusionsPatterns of e-cigarette use were related to abstinence duration, which may provide guidance for adults who are using e-cigarettes to quit smoking to encourage complete substitution and maximize smoking cessation. Findings indicate that non-tobacco e-cigarette flavors and nicotine strength are not related to longer durations of cessation success for adults, which may inform tobacco regulatory policies limiting these constituents to protect public health.ImplicationsThis study provides important new information about the characteristics of e-cigarettes used during an attempt to quit smoking among adults across the United States and identifies factors associated with quitting success. Patterns of e-cigarette use were associated with longer durations of abstinence. In contrast, few e-cigarette characteristics were associated with abstinence. Although preference for some pod and mod device types was associated with longer abstinence duration compared to earlier cig-a-like devices, preference for non-tobacco (vs. tobacco) flavor and nicotine concentration were not associated with abstinence. Findings may help inform guidance for adults using e-cigarettes to quit smoking and support tobacco regulatory policies.
Ascorbate peroxidase 1 allows monitoring of cytosolic accumulation of effector-triggered reactive oxygen species using a luminol-based assay
Authors: Hong Xiufang , Qi Fan , Wang Ran , Jia Zhiyi , Lin Fucheng , Yuan Minhang , Xin Xiu-Fang , Liang Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Biphasic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been observed in plants treated with avirulent bacterial strains. The first transient peak corresponds to pattern-triggered immunity (PTI)-ROS, whereas the second long-lasting peak corresponds to effector-triggered immunity (ETI)-ROS. PTI-ROS are produced in the apoplast by plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, and the recognition of an avirulent effector increases the PTI-ROS regulatory module, leading to ETI-ROS accumulation in the apoplast. However, how apoplastic ETI-ROS signaling is relayed to the cytosol is still unknown. Here, we found that in the absence of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase 1 (APX1), the second phase of ETI-ROS accumulation was undetectable in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) using luminol-based assays. In addition to being a scavenger of cytosolic H2O2, we discovered that APX1 served as a catalyst in this chemiluminescence ROS assay by employing luminol as an electron donor. A horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-mimicking APX1 mutation (APX1W41F) further enhanced its catalytic activity toward luminol, whereas an HRP-dead APX1 mutation (APX1R38H) reduced its luminol oxidation activity. The cytosolic localization of APX1 implies that ETI-ROS might accumulate in the cytosol. When ROS were detected using a fluorescent dye, green fluorescence was observed in the cytosol 6 h after infiltration with an avirulent bacterial strain. Collectively, these results indicate that ETI-ROS eventually accumulate in the cytosol, and cytosolic APX1 catalyzes luminol oxidation and allows monitoring of the kinetics of ETI-ROS in the cytosol. Our study provides important insights into the spatial dynamics of ROS accumulation in plant immunity.
ThePhytophthora sojaeeffector PsFYVE1 modulates immunity-related gene expression by targeting host RZ-1A protein
Authors: Lu Xinyu , Yang Zitong , Song Wen , Miao Jinlu , Zhao Hanqing , Ji Peiyun , Li Tianli , Si Jierui , Yin Zhiyuan , Jing Maofeng , Shen Danyu , Dou Daolong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOomycete pathogens secrete numerous effectors to manipulate plant immunity and promote infection. However, relatively few effector types have been well characterized. In this study, members of an FYVE domain-containing protein family that are highly expanded in oomycetes were systematically identified, and one secreted protein, PsFYVE1, was selected for further study. PsFYVE1 enhanced Phytophthora capsici infection in Nicotiana benthamiana and was necessary for Phytophthora sojae virulence. The FYVE domain of PsFYVE1 had PI3P-binding activity that depended on four conserved amino acid residues. Furthermore, PsFYVE1 targeted RNA-binding proteins RZ-1A/1B/1C in N. benthamiana and soybean (Glycine max), and silencing of NbRZ-1A/1B/1C genes attenuated plant immunity. NbRZ-1A was associated with the spliceosome complex that included three important components, glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 7 (NbGRP7), glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 8 (NbGRP8), and a specific component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex (NbU1–70K). Notably, PsFYVE1 disrupted NbRZ-1A–NbGRP7 interaction. RNA-seq and subsequent experimental analysis demonstrated that PsFYVE1 and NbRZ-1A not only modulated pre-mRNA alternative splicing (AS) of the necrotic spotted lesions 1 (NbNSL1) gene, but also co-regulated transcription of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (NbHCT), ethylene insensitive 2 (NbEIN2), and sucrose synthase 4 (NbSUS4) genes, which participate in plant immunity. Collectively, these findings indicate that the FYVE domain-containing protein family includes potential uncharacterized effector types and also highlight that plant pathogen effectors can regulate plant immunity-related genes at both AS and transcription levels to promote disease.
Human threat learning is associated with gut microbiota composition
Authors: Oyarzun Javiera P , Kuntz Thomas M , Stussi Yoann , Karaman Olivia T , Vranos Sophia , Callaghan Bridget L , Huttenhower Curtis , LeDoux Joseph E , Phelps Elizabeth A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The ability to learn about threat and safety is critical for survival. Studies in rodent models have shown that the gut microbiota can modulate such behaviors. In humans, evidence showing an association with threat or extinction learning is lacking. Here, we tested whether individual variability in threat and extinction learning was related to gut microbiota composition in healthy adults. We found that threat, but not extinction learning, varies with individuals’ microbiome composition. Our results provide evidence that the gut microbiota is associated with excitatory threat learning across species.
Balancing novelty and appropriateness leads to creative associations in children
Authors: Rastelli Clara , Greco Antonino , De Pisapia Nicola , Finocchiaro Chiara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Creative problem solving is a fundamental skill of human cognition and is conceived as a search process whereby a novel and appropriate solution is generated. However, it is unclear whether children are able to balance novelty and appropriateness to generate creative solutions and what are the underlying computational mechanisms. Here, we asked children, ranging from 10 to 11 years old, to perform a word association task according to three instructions, which triggered a more appropriate (ordinary), novel (random), or balanced (creative) response. Results revealed that children exhibited greater cognitive flexibility in the creative condition compared to the control conditions, as revealed by the structure and resiliency of the semantic networks. Moreover, responses’ word embeddings extracted from pretrained deep neural networks showed that semantic distance and category switching index increased in the creative condition with respect to the ordinary condition and decreased compared to the random condition. Critically, we showed how children efficiently solved the exploration/exploitation trade-off to generate creative associations by fitting a computational reinforcement learning (RL) model that simulates semantic search strategies. Our findings provide compelling evidence that children balance novelty and appropriateness to generate creative associations by optimally regulating the level of exploration in the semantic search. This corroborates previous findings on the adult population and highlights the crucial contribution of both components to the overall creative process. In conclusion, these results shed light on the connections between theoretical concepts such as bottom-up/top-down modes of thinking in creativity research and the exploration/exploitation trade-off in human RL research.
Membrane-domain mutations in respiratory complex I impede catalysis but do not uncouple proton pumping from ubiquinone reduction
Authors: Jarman Owen D , Hirst Judy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Respiratory complex I [NADH:ubiquinone (UQ) oxidoreductase] captures the free energy released from NADH oxidation and UQ reduction to pump four protons across an energy-transducing membrane and power ATP synthesis. Mechanisms for long-range energy coupling in complex I have been proposed from structural data but not yet evaluated by robust biophysical and biochemical analyses. Here, we use the powerful bacterial model system Paracoccus denitrificans to investigate 14 mutations of key residues in the membrane-domain Nqo13/ND4 subunit, defining the rates and reversibility of catalysis and the number of protons pumped per NADH oxidized. We reveal new insights into the roles of highly conserved charged residues in lateral energy transduction, confirm the purely structural role of the Nqo12/ND5 transverse helix, and evaluate a proposed hydrated channel for proton uptake. Importantly, even when catalysis is compromised the enzyme remains strictly coupled (four protons are pumped per NADH oxidized), providing no evidence for escape cycles that circumvent blocked proton-pumping steps.
Basic kirwan injectivity and its applications
Authors: Lin Yi , Yang Xiangdong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Consider the Hamiltonian action of a torus on a transversely symplectic foliation that is also Riemannian. When the transverse hard Lefschetz property is satisfied, we establish a foliated version of the Kirwan injectivity theorem and use it to study Hamiltonian torus actions on transversely Kähler foliations. Among other things, we prove a foliated analogue of the Carrell–Liberman theorem. As an application, this confirms a conjecture raised by Battaglia–Zaffran on the basic Hodge numbers of symplectic toric quasifolds. Our methods also allow us to present a symplectic approach to the calculation of the basic Betti numbers of symplectic toric quasifolds.
Social status and the consumption of highly processed foods in Nigeria
Authors: Mekonnen Daniel A , Achterbosch Thom , Ruben Ruerd 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Food has been used to define social classes and as a means of embodying the ‘good life’. Depending on the food culture and food environment, certain foods may be consumed more by the relatively higher income groups and therefore are perceived as ‘positional’. This study examines whether social status—proxied by the relative consumption expenditures (the rank in the consumption expenditure distribution) and the relative deprivation in consumption expenditures—can explain household food choices. Based on the nationally representative Nigeria General Household Panel Surveys and using fixed effects estimations, we find that consumption of highly processed foods is strongly associated with the social status of the household. We observe differences among highly processed foods consumed at home and away from home, across geographic locations and consumption expenditure terciles. The results of this study provide suggestive evidence that reducing income inequality is required to support healthier household food preferences beyond social status.
Craniofacial phenotyping by photogrammetry in Chinese prepubertal children with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Yuen Hoi Man , Chan Kate Ching-ching , Chu Winnie Chiu Wing , Chan Joey W Y , Wing Yun Kwok , Li Albert Martin , Au Chun Ting 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the craniofacial phenotype of Chinese prepubertal children with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using a quantitative photographic analysis technique and to develop a prediction model for OSA diagnosis based on the photogrammetric data. Potential ethnic differences in the association between OSA and photogrammetric data between Chinese and Caucasian children were also examined.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. Chinese children aged 5–12 years old, suspected to have OSA were recruited from our sleep clinic. Frontal and side photos were taken for craniofacial phenotyping by photogrammetry. Polysomnography was performed and participants were divided into three groups: non-OSA (obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI) &lt; 1/h), mild OSA (OAHI between 1/h and 5/h), and moderate-to-severe (MS) OSA (OAHI ≥ 5/h). Prediction models were built from 70% of training data using logistic regression and evaluated on the remaining 30% of test data for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve construction.ResultsThis study included 90 participants (mean age: 8.2 ± 1.6 years, 67 males). Non-OSA, mild OSA, and MS OSA groups included 32, 31, and 27 participants, respectively. There were significant trends for an increasing maxillary-mandibular relationship angle (p = .002) and a decreasing anterior mandibular height to whole face length ratio (p &lt; .001) with increasing OSA severity. A prediction model built with clinical measurements and the two photogrammetric features yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.81 (95% C.I.: 0.64–0.96).ConclusionsCraniofacial features obtained by photogrammetry are significantly different between OSA groups in prepubertal children. Increased maxillary-mandibular relationship angle is an OSA feature found in both Asian and Caucasian children.