bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Q Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate Microrings Fabricated with Wet Etching
Authors: Zhuang Rongjin , He Jinze , Qi Yifan , Li Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThin‐film lithium niobate (TFLN) has been widely used in electro‐optic modulators, acoustic‐–optic modulators, electro‐optic frequency combs, and nonlinear wavelength converters owing to the excellent optical properties of lithium niobate. The performance of these devices is highly dependent on the fabrication quality of TFLN. Although state‐of‐the‐art TFLN microrings with an intrinsic quality factor (Q‐factor) exceeding 1 × 107 have been realized by inductively coupled plasma–reactive ion etching (ICP‐RIE) and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), ICP‐RIE has moderate throughput, moderate reproducibility, and high cost in etching TFLN, while CMP features moderate throughput and low cost in etching TFLN. Here, a wet etching method for TFLN, leading to the fabrication of a micro‐racetrack with an intrinsic Q‐factor of over 9.27 × 106 is developed. The suitability of this method to fabricate a narrow coupling gap between the bus waveguide and microring enables the coupling conditions of the microring to be customized. This method features a high throughput, a high reproducibility, and a low cost in etching TFLN, showing the potential to boost the mass production of integrated LN photonic devices with high fidelity and affordability dramatically.
Brønsted Acid‐Promoted Benzannulation of o‐Alkynylbenzaldehyde and Alkyne, and the Positive Effect of Propargyl Alcohol
Authors: Chen Cheng‐Chun , Kuan Tzu‐Hsuan , Yuan Wen‐Wei , Chen Shih‐En , Fu Jui‐Chen , Chen Yang‐Xun , Gavin Tsai Hui‐Hsu , Hou Duen‐Ren 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBromotrimethylsilane‐promoted benzannulation of o‐alkynylbenzaldehydes and alkynes to yield 1‐naphthyl aryl ketones is reported. The reaction conditions are mild, metal‐free, and do not require pretreatment/protection of the substrates. We found that aryl propargyl alcohols were very effective substrates for this reaction, compared with other alkynes. Studies on the reaction scope, monitoring the reaction progress by 1H NMR, and theoretical calculations suggest that isochromenylium (benzopyrilium) ion is the key reaction intermediate.magnified image
Gillessen‐Kaesbach‐Nishimura syndrome in two fetuses from Turkey
Authors: Kaymak Didem , Alpay Verda , Davutoğlu Ebru Alıcı , Elçi Oguzhan , Yiğin Aysel Kalaycı , Tüysüz Beyhan , Madazlı Riza 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGillessen‐Kaesbach‐Nishimura syndrome (GIKANIS) is a congenital disease of glycosylation (CDG) linked to the ALG9 gene. GIKANIS is a lethal disorder characterized by atypical facial features, generalized skeletal changes with shortening of the long bones with broad, round metaphyses, round ilia, and deficient ossification of the skull, cervical spine and pubic bones, and visceral abnormalities including polycystic kidneys and congenital cardiac defects. GIKANIS is caused by a homozygous splicing variant (c.1173 + 2 T > A) leading to skipping of exon 10, frameshift, and premature termination codon of the ALG9 gene. To our best knowledge, only two affected families with confirmed molecular analyses have been reported. We present an additional report on two siblings with the same mutation, emphasizing the prenatal ultrasonographic features. Their facial and skeletal manifestations recapitulated those previously reported. Ultrasonography revealed polycystic kidneys and unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) with transposition of the great arteries.
Broadband Photoresponses from Ultraviolet to Near‐Infrared (II) Region through Light‐induced Pyroelectric Effects in a Hybrid Perovskite
Authors: Guo Wuqian , Xu Haojie , Weng Wen , Tang Liwei , Ma Yu , Liu Yi , Hua Lina , Wang Beibei , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBroadband photodetection has shown a great promise for diverse applications, while the realization of plateau photoresponse from ultraviolet (UV) to near‐infrared (NIR) spectral region is very challenging. Herein, we exploit photoexcited pyroelectric effect in a chiral hybrid perovskite, (N, N‐dimethylcyclohexylammonium)PbBr3 (1), serving as a new pathway to drive broadband photoactivities. It is a room‐temperature pyroelectric with large polarization of ≈6.4 μC cm−2 and high pyroelectric figure‐of‐merits (FV=1.0×10−2 cm2  μC−1 and FD=7.1×10−5 Pa−1/2). Strikingly, light‐induced pyroelectric effect arising from spontaneous polarization is observed in 1, which cover UV (266 nm) to NIR‐II (1950 nm) full spectral region. The broadband photoresponses actualized by pyroelectricity break the limit of optical band gap. As the first demonstration of photo‐pyroelectricity covering UV‐to‐NIR spectral region in hybrid perovskites, this work paves a pathway to assemble high‐performance smart devices.
The Syndrome of Collective Callous‐Unemotional Traits: Reflections from Large Group Dynamics
Authors: Elhami Athar Mojtaba 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCallous‐Unemotional (CU) traits refer to a pattern of attitude and behaviors, including a lack of empathy, guilt feelings, and remorse, shallow or deficient affect, and a lack of concern about others' feelings and living, which are associated with severe antisocial behavior. Almost all studies on the association between CU traits and violence are performed at individual levels, necessitating the examination of CU traits in extremist large groups. In an attempt to present a theoretical framework on how CU traits develop and function in extremist large groups, the author performed deep reflections on historical records of brutally violent acts of totalitarian regimes and extremist large groups based on data from scientific articles, books, media sources, and newspapers. The author concluded that the violent acts of these groups towards their enemies meet the criteria of CU traits. Accordingly, the author proposed the term “Syndrome of Collective Callous‐Unemotional Traits (SCCUT),” referring to the emergence of a group of CU traits among members of an extremist group or mass of people. The symptoms of SCCUT traits are elucidated, followed by explaining how and under what circumstances emerges. Also, the implications of SCCUT for future studies and counterterrorism and public health policies are discussed.
Tentorium cerebelli formation during human embryonic and early fetal development
Authors: Matsunari Chieko , Kanahashi Toru , Otani Hiroki , Imai Hirohiko , Yamada Shigehito , Okada Tomohisa , Takakuwa Tetsuya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe morphologies of the fetal tentorium cerebelli (TC) and brain influence each other during development. This study aimed to analyze and more comprehensively understand the three‐dimensional morphogenesis of the TC and fetal brain. We examined magnetic resonance imaging from 64 embryonic and fetal specimens (crown‐rump length range, 9.2–225 mm). During the embryonic period, the lateral folds of the TC elongated to traverse the middle part of the midbrain. The TC and falx cerebri appeared separated, and no invaginations at the parieto‐occipital region were observed. In the early fetal period, the cerebrum covered approximately half of the midbrain. The separation of the dural limiting layer at the parieto‐occipital region widened from the posterior cerebrum to the cranial cerebellum. The lateral folds of the TC were spread between its tip, continuous with the falx cerebri, and its base plane, located between the midbrain and rostral hindbrain. Differences in the TC components' growth directions gradually diminished as the cerebrum covered the midbrain. We observed rotation of the TC at its median section according to its growth, which ceased in the middle fetal period. The brainstem and cerebellum extended inferiorly via differential growth, with the cerebrum covering them superiorly. The morphology of the TC curved to conform to the cerebellar and cerebral surfaces. Our present study suggests that factors affecting TC morphology differ between the early and middle fetal periods. Present data provided a more comprehensive view of TC formation according to developmental stage.
Synthesis of gem‐difluoroalkenes via photoredox‐catalyzed defluoroaryloxymethylation of α‐trifluoromethyl alkenes
Authors: Atriardi Shafrizal Rasyid , Kim Jae‐Young , Anita Yulia , Woo Sang Kook 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHerein, we present a novel method for the synthesis of gem‐difluoroalkenes via visible‐light photoredox‐catalyzed defluoroaryloxymethylation of α‐trifluoromethyl alkenes using α‐silyl ethers as aryloxymethyl radical precursors. This reaction shows good functional group tolerance and provides the desired products in good to excellent yields. Based on mechanistic studies, we propose a reaction mechanism involving single‐electron oxidation of an α‐silyl ether to generate an α‐aryloxymethyl radical.
Activating the different sides of top management team faultlines in enterprise sustainable development: Is environmental responsibility a burden or boost to small and medium‐sized enterprises in China?
Authors: Chen Litian , Zhou Yun , Luo Xingwu , Chen Shuai , Cao Yuting 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhether environmental responsibility can promote corporate performance has always been a focus of debate in theory and practice. We address the dispute regarding the effect of environmental responsibility by focusing on small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in China. Furthermore, based on team faultline theory, we argue that top management team (TMT) faultlines and bankruptcy threat combine to affect the relationship between environmental responsibility and long‐term performance in SMEs. Using data from 410 Chinese companies listed on the Growth Enterprise Market (GEM) during 2011–2020, we find that SMEs that engage in more environmental responsibility tend to have worse long‐term performance. Additionally, this relationship varies depending on the conditions of TMT composition (i.e., faultlines) and situation (i.e., bankruptcy threat). Specifically, when the bankruptcy threat is high, TMT faultlines negatively affect the relationship between environmental responsibility and long‐term firm performance. However, TMT faultlines positively affect this relationship when the bankruptcy threat is low. This paper sheds new light on corporate environmental responsibility by adopting a theoretical perspective of TMT faultlines and identifying the specific situations in which TMT faultlines act.
Chiral All‐Nitrogen‐Coordinated Dysprosium Single‐Molecule Magnets
Authors: Zhao Chen , Zhu Zhenhua , Wu Jinjiang , Yang Qianqian , Gebretsadik Ashebr Tesfay , Li Xiao‐Lei , Tang Jinkui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo pairs of chiral end‐on azido‐bridged dinuclear hexaazamacrocycles, [Dy2(LN6R/S)2(N3)2Cl2](BPh4)2 (1R/1S) and [Dy2(LN6R/S)2(N3)4]Cl2 (2R/2S) (LN6R/S is hexaazamacrocyclic neutral Schiff base ligand derived from 2,6‐diformylpyridine and (1R, 2R)/(1S, 2S)‐diaminocyclohexane), were constructed by adjusting the molar ratio of sodium azide to Dy(III) macrocycle precursor. Structural analyses reveal that all Dy(III) centers in complexes 1R/1S and 2R/2S are nine‐coordinate with hula‐loop coordination geometry, and the differences between 1R/1S and 2R/2S are the terminal coordination anion and counter anion. Magnetic studies indicate that complex 2S displays typical SMM behaviors under a zero dc field, whereas 1S just shows slow relaxation of magnetization resulting from a relatively weak axial crystal field. Significantly, complex 2R/2S represents the first homochiral all‐nitrogen‐coordinated lanthanide single‐molecule magnet.
Acceleration with long vector architectures: Implementation and evaluation of the FFT kernel on NEC SX‐Aurora and RISC‐V vector extension
Authors: Vizcaino Pablo , Mantovani Filippo , Ferrer Roger , Labarta Jesus 
Published: November 2022

SummaryNovel architectures leveraging long and variable vector lengths like the NEC SX‐Aurora or the vector extension of RISCV are appearing as promising solutions on the supercomputing market. These architectures often require re‐coding of scientific kernels. For example, traditional implementations of algorithms for computing the fast Fourier transform (FFT) cannot take full advantage of vector architectures. In this article, we present the implementation of FFT algorithms able to leverage these novel architectures. We evaluate these codes on NEC SX‐Aurora , comparing them with the optimized NEC libraries; and in a prototype of a RISC‐V core with a vector processing unit. We present the benefits and limitations of two approaches of RADIX‐2 FFT vector implementations. We show that our approach makes better use of the vector unit of the NEC SX‐Aurora , reaching higher or equal performance than the optimized NEC library. More generally, we prove the importance of maximizing the vector length usage of the algorithm, taking advantage of the FFT properties to reduce long‐latency vector operations, and reordering the instructions according to the specific hardware features to boost the performance of FFT‐like computational kernels.
Structure‐Reactivity Insights on the Alkaline Hydrolysis of Organophosphates: Non‐Leaving and Leaving Group Effects in a Bilinear Brønsted‐Like Relationship
Authors: Silva Valmir B. , Orth Elisa S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe high toxicity of organophosphates, along with its wide use as agrochemicals and chemical warfare, urges efficient degradation methods. Alkaline hydrolysis stands out, which is strongly structure‐dependent. The alkaline hydrolysis of various organophosphates is described using a bilinear variation of the Brønsted equation, which evaluates concomitantly the effect of the leaving and non‐leaving groups. Over 50 reactions were successfully correlated linearly and the contribution of the usually underestimated non‐leaving group seems to be as important as the leaving group. The hetero atom effect (P=O and P=S) seems to vary the contribution of these groups. This concise understanding of the structure‐reactivity relationship allows to predict optimal neutralization processes and is key for chemical security, saving time, resources and avoiding unnecessary manipulation of toxic chemicals.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Physicochemical Studies Of Orientation‐Controlled Multi‐Arm PEG Zn(II)/Mg(II) (Aza)Phthalocyanines
Authors: Husain A. , Ganesan A. , Salah L. , Kubát P. , Ghazal B. , Makhseed S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTuning the amphiphilicity of (aza)phthalocyanine hydrophobic cores by introducing multiple polyethylene glycol (PEG) moieties with controlled orientations of their (non)peripheral positions is an innovative approach to fabricating water‐soluble macrocyclic materials. Although many water‐soluble PEGylated macrocycles have been produced in this way, the ability to generate substances with PEG tails oriented outward from the macrocyclic plane in order to obtain non‐aggregated, water soluble forms remains a challenge. In this study, we resolved this issue by developing a methods for the synthesis of four new dual directional PEG containing Zn(II)/Mg(II) amphiphiles (ZnPc−PEG,MgPc−PEG,ZnAzaPc−PEGandMgAzaPc−PEG). In addition, the non‐aggregating behaviour, and photophysical and photochemical properties of these PEG‐complexes were elucidated.
Agronomic and quality impact of a shortened translocation for wheat streak mosaic virus resistance
Authors: Guttieri Mary J. , Bowden Robert L. , Zhang Guorong , Haley Scott , Frels Katherine , Hein Gary L. , Jordan Katherine W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) is a mite‐vectored virus with substantial economic impact on wheat production. One of the effective sources of resistance to WSMV, Wsm1, is carried on a translocation from Thinopyrum intermedium. The original whole arm form of this translocation (T4DL·4JsS) was highly effective against WSMV but carried a substantial yield penalty in the absence of the virus. Shorter recombinants of the Th. intermedium translocation are now available. This study characterized the agronomic performance of near‐isogenic sib‐pair families in 10 yield trials using one of these shortened T4DL·4DS‐4JsS translocations, named “rec213,” in the absence of visible disease. This translocation had no effect on heading date, was associated with a modest reduction (≤ 4.8 cm) in plant height, and the translocation had a favorable effect (≤ 12.6%) on grain yield in those environments where highly significant genotype effects were detected. The translocation did not affect protein concentration or lactic acid‐sodium dodecyl sulfate solvent retention capacity, a measure of gluten quality. However, families with the translocation had slightly (≤ 5%) lower protein quality scores than paired families without the translocation. We do not expect this modest difference in quality to be a barrier to utilization of the rec213 translocation for Wsm1, but we encourage breeders to work within high‐quality genetic backgrounds when using the rec213 translocation and to monitor the quality of breeding selections. Improved codominant PCR‐based marker assays were developed to facilitate the use of the rec213 Wsm1 trait in breeding programs.
Very large scale integration implementation of efficient finite impulse response filter architectures using novel distributed arithmetic for digital channelizer of software defined radio
Authors: Bhadavath Kiran Kumar , Livinsa Z. Mary 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlways an efficient and low complexity reconfigurable filter architecture is required for the channel filters of digital channelizer in software‐defined radio (SDR). In this paper, a block‐based reconfigurable finite impulse response (FIR) filter is proposed using distributed arithmetic (DA) technique. The complexity of the conventional multiplier is replaced with the DA multiplication process, and the throughput of the entire filter is increased by block processing. Memory reuse is also achieved in the proposed direct form systolic FIR filter architecture due to parallel processing. The different bandwidth filters and the corresponding coefficients are stored in the look‐up tables (LUTs) concerning different channels of the digital channelizer. The proper channel selection is used to choose an appropriate filter and partial products are generated using offset binary coding (OBC). Next, the multiplication process is done by the proposed decomposed LUT‐based DA technique in the processing blocks of the filter. The proposed filter is coded by Verilog and synthesized by application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)‐based tools from Cadence in 45 nm CMOS technology. The performance parameters such as area, delay, power consumption, area‐delay product (ADP), and power delay product (PDP) are evaluated and compared with state‐of‐the‐art works. The ADP and PDP values are saved by 44.1% and 30% by the proposed OBC‐DA‐based filter architecture than the conventional DA‐based filter architecture, respectively.
Longitudinal patterns of neuroendocrine coupling from middle childhood to early adolescence
Authors: Black Sarah R. , Scalco Matthew D. , Mackin Daniel , Shirtcliff Elizabeth A. , Klein Daniel N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent scholarship has highlighted the importance of understanding relations between hormones, rather than studying hormones in isolation. Considering neuroendocrine coupling, or the coordination of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis hormones over time, is one way to investigate how systems governing stress responsiveness and pubertal development covary during critical periods. To date, however, most work has considered hormone coupling cross‐sectionally. The current study investigated neuroendocrine coupling in a longitudinal sample from the Northeastern United States. Youth (N = 437, 53% male, 90% White) provided saliva samples for analysis of diurnal hormone activity at ages 9 (three samples per day across 3 days) and 12 (one sample per day on the same weekday for 4 weeks). At both timepoints, samples collected 30‐min after waking were assayed for cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and testosterone. Multilevel growth modeling was used to determine how levels of morning cortisol changed in tandem with DHEA and testosterone. Morning cortisol–DHEA coupling varied by child sex, as males’ cortisol–DHEA diminished over time, especially among pubertally advanced males. Females, in contrast, demonstrated strengthening cortisol–DHEA coupling over time, especially more pubertally advanced females. Morning cortisol–testosterone coupling did not vary by sex or pubertal status, demonstrating strengthening associations between ages 9 and 12. The current findings contribute to the literature on hormone coupling across development and expand this work into an earlier developmental phase than previously investigated.
A cross validation‐Voronoi and entropy based adaptive sampling strategy for uncertainty quantification through hybrid simulation
Authors: Yu Guangquan , Chen Cheng , Hou Hetao , Tian Li , Xu Weijie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntensive and complex engineering models drive the need for computational affordability and accuracy. To obtain more accurate prediction, an effective sampling method is proposed and evaluated in this study by integrating CV (cross validation)‐Voronoi (CV‐V) and entropy (EP) strategies. The new CVV (CV‐V) ‐DEP (Distance and EP) method uses CV‐V to divide the sample space into Voronoi units and selects the unit with largest error. The candidate sample point with the largest EP and distance values in the selected unit is then selected. To verify the efficacy of the proposed method, CVV‐DEP is first compared with traditional CV‐V and CVV‐EP (CV‐V and EP) strategies for six nonlinear functions. Computational simulations are further conducted using the proposed method for uncertainty quantification through hybrid simulation of two different nonlinear systems. The proposed method is demonstrated to provide great potential for uncertainty quantification of civil engineering infrastructures through hybrid simulation.
Improving Site Selectivity in Phosphorylation of Amphiphilic Diols through Catalyst Design
Authors: Fallek Amit , Fleischer Or , Saady Fatma , Portnoy Moshe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOrganocatalysts based on a nucleophilic core, decorated with long hydrocarbon or oligoether outer‐sphere tails were successfully applied for attenuating the site selectivity in phosphorylation of a model amphiphilic diol. Under the influence of the catalysts, the preference for the first functionalization of the hydroxyl at the apolar domain increased dramatically to render the ratio up to 3.9 : 1 between the monophosphorylated products, at 50 % substrate consumption (vs. 1.8 : 1 in the alike reaction without the catalyst). A considerable influence of the catalyst design, particularly the core nature and the tails structure, on the rate and the selectivity of the reaction was observed.
The psychology of hate: Moral concerns differentiate hate from dislike
Authors: Pretus Clara , Ray Jennifer L. , Granot Yael , Cunningham William A. , Van Bavel Jay J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigated whether any differences in the psychological conceptualization of hate and dislike were simply a matter of degree of negativity (i.e., hate falls on the end of the continuum of dislike) or also morality (i.e., hate is imbued with distinct moral components that distinguish it from dislike). In three lab studies in Canada and the United States, participants reported disliked and hated attitude objects and rated each on dimensions including valence, attitude strength, morality, and emotional content. Quantitative and qualitative measures revealed that hated attitude objects were more negative than disliked attitude objects and associated with moral beliefs and emotions, even after adjusting for differences in negativity. In Study 4, we analysed the rhetoric on real hate sites and complaint forums and found that the language used on prominent hate websites contained more words related to morality, but not negativity, relative to complaint forums.