bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Differences of Depression, Anxiety, and Substance Use Between Chinese College-Age Students Studying in China and America During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Li Mingsheng , Sun Wangdi , Wang Ye , Qi Chang 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) swept the globe and harmfully influenced the mental health and behaviors of the college student population. This study aims to examine the prevalence and difference of mental health and the substance use problems of the Chinese college-age students studying in China and America (CSA) during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsOne thousand five hundred four students participated in this study. A total of 42.12% of students are enrolled in Chinese colleges, and 57.78% of students are enrolled in American colleges, aged 17–23 years (x¯±s = 19.90 ± 1.50). Binary logistic regression and independent t-test were used in this study to find the predictor variables and association among mental health, substance use problems, and student population.ResultsThe two student groups had a statistical difference in General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale, alcohol, medicines, drinks, drugs and cigarettes (p &lt; 0.01). The students suffering depression problems from the two groups have statistical significance with drinks (odds ratio = 0.89, 95% confidence interval = 0.81–0.97, p &lt; 0.05; odds ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval = 1.04–1.19, p &lt; 0.01). CSA experiencing anxiety problem had a significant association with alcohol, drinks, cigarette, and desserts (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThis is the first cross-sectional study focusing on the comparison of the Chinese college-age students' mental health and substance use problems who are studying in China and America during the pandemic. Our study revealed severe mental health and substance use problems in both student groups, particularly in the CSA during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of our study also highlight the evidence to find more interventions and preventions to solve the different mental health and substance use problems for college students.
Survey Responses of School Closures During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Taiwan
Authors: Chao Kuo-Yu , Hsiao Tung-Yuan , Cheng Wei 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTaiwan faced a surge of COVID-19 infections in May 2021. Because new cases were quickly increasing, parents called for school closures. A national parent group used an online survey to collect opinions about upcoming school closings planned by the Ministry of Education. This study evaluated the results of the survey for all respondents and investigated the level of viral transmission following school closures among students in Taiwan.MethodsAn online survey titled “Survey of Opinions of School Closures during the Current COVID-19 Outbreak” (SOSC-COVID-19) was designed by the national parent association and then distributed to members of the community throughout Taiwan via local parent groups from May 17 to 18, 2021. The survey included an open-ended respondents' opinions about school closures. Differences among regions and socioeconomic scores (SES) were analyzed with chi-square tests.ResultsA total of 8,703 completed survey forms data were analyzed. Nearly all respondents (7,973, 91.6%) approved of school closures; there were no differences of opinions inside and outside municipalities or by regional SES scores. Only 8.4% of respondents were opposed to any type of school closure, believing parents should decide whether their child attended school, which also did not vary with region or SES score. Qualitative feedback from parent and teacher responders indicated students' health and economic impacts were additional concerns that influenced their choice of whether the government or parents should decide about school closures. On the afternoon of May 18, 2021, the government of Taiwan closed all schools. Although a spike in new cases of COVID-19 occurred among students 10 days after school closures, over the next 40 days new cases declined, falling to zero by July 5th.ConclusionsDespite the inability of nationwide school closures to completely halt transmission of the virus within families during the COVID-19 outbreak, school closures helped to impede transmission between students.
Improving Patient Safety in General Hospitals Using Structured Handoffs: Outcomes From a National Project
Authors: Toren Orly , Lipschuetz Michal , Lehmann Arielle , Regev Gil , Arad Dana 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPromoting quality and patient safety is one of the health policy pillars of Israel's Ministry of Health. Communication among healthcare professionals is of utmost importance and can be improved using a standardized, well-known handoff tool such as the Introduction, Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendations (ISBAR). This study aims to present implementation process and participants' satisfaction of a national project that used a standardized tool for team communication.MethodsThis national intervention project included process implementation teams from 17 Israeli general hospitals evaluating the ISBAR implementation process for transferring patients from intensive care units to medical/surgical wards. The project, conducted between January 2017 and March 2018, used Fischer's test and logistic regression. The project evaluation was based on the participants' assessment of and satisfaction with the handoff process.ResultsEighty-seven process implementers completed the questionnaire. A statistically significant increase in satisfaction scores in terms of four variables (p &lt; 0.001) was observed following the implementation of the project. Nurses reported higher satisfaction at the end of the process (0.036). Participants who perceived less missing information during handoffs were more satisfied with the process of information flow between wards (84.9%) than those who perceived more missing information (15.6%). Participants who responded that there was no need to improve information flow were more satisfied with the project information flow (95.6%) compared to the group which responded that it was necessary to improve information flow (58.2%). Three out of four variables predicted satisfaction with the process. Being a nurse also predicted satisfaction with information flow with a point estimate of 2.4. The C value of the total model was 0.87.ConclusionsImplementation of a safety project at a national level requires careful planning and the close involvement of the participating teams. A standardized instrument, a well-defined process, and external controls to monitor and manage the project are essential for success. Disparities found in the responses of nurses vs. physicians suggest the need for a different approach for each profession in planning and executing a similar project in the future.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices About COVID-19 Among Healthcare Workers in Iran During the First Wave of the Pandemic
Authors: Hatami Hossein , Kolahi Ali-Asghar , Ghamari Seyyed-Hadi , Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen 
Published: March 2022

Background and ObjectiveInvestigating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers (HCWs) could be an early step toward identifying their potential educational needs and possible factors involved in misinformation. The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Iran during the first wave of the pandemic.Materials and MethodsThe current descriptive-correlational study was conducted during the 1st days of the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran from March 24th to April 3rd, 2020. Participants included all healthcare workers at hospitals, including physicians, dentists, pharmacists, nurses, midwives, laboratory and radiology assistants, and other hospital professionals during the study period. Data were collected through an online self-administrative questionnaire.ResultsThe responses of 1,310 participants were analyzed, of which 900 (68.7%) were female. The mean (SD) knowledge score was 25.4 (3.3), 84.7% out of 30. More than 90% of participants correctly recognized the main symptoms, transmission route, and preventive measures for COVID-19. The mean (SD) attitude score was 16.9 (1.1), 93.9% out of 18. Most participants agreed with keeping safe physical distancing, self-isolation upon symptom onset, and city lockdowns. The mean (SD) score for general practices about COVID-19 was 20.8 (2.0), 86.7% of 24.ConclusionThe knowledge and practice of HCWs were appropriate, and their attitudes were mainly positive. However, there is still room for improvement regarding concerning misinformation and quackeries about COVID-19.
COVID-19 and Mortality, Depression, and Suicide in the Polish Population
Authors: Rogalska Anna , Syrkiewicz-Świtała Magdalena 
Published: March 2022

AimThe study was aimed at assessing the mortality of the population, the occurrence of the phenomenon of depression and suicide before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsData on total mortality in Poland in 2017–2021 came from the report of the Ministry of Health. Data on the number of sick leave due to mental disorders were taken from the report of the ZUS (Social Insurance Institution in Poland). Data on the number of suicides came from police statistics.ResultsIncrease in the number of deaths in Poland in 2021 compared to the 2017–2019 average – 26.86%. In 2018–2020, the greatest number of fatal suicides was recorded in the age group – 60–64 years (in 2018 N = 565; 10.90%; in 2020 N = 524; 10.15%).ConclusionsIn the years 2020-2021, an increase in mortality was observed in Poland compared to the previous years. Moreover, in 2020 there was an increase in sickness absence due to ICD-10 F.32 and an increase in the number of suicide attempts.
Doppler-Shifted Alkali D Absorption as Indirect Evidence for Exomoons
Authors: Schmidt Carl A. 
Published: March 2022

Sodium and potassium signatures in transiting exoplanets can be challenging to isolate from the stellar absorption lines. Here, these challenges are discussed in the framework of Solar System observations, and transits of Mercury in particular. Radiation pressure is important for alkali gas dynamics in close-orbiting exoplanets since the D lines are efficient at resonant scattering. When the star-planet velocity is ≳10 km/s, eccentric exoplanets experience more than an order of magnitude higher radiation pressures, aiding atmospheric escape and producing a larger effective cross-section for absorbing starlight at the phase of transit. The Doppler shift also aids in isolating the planetary signature from the stellar photosphere’s absorption. Only one transiting exoplanet, HD 80606b, is presently thought to have both this requisite Doppler shift and alkali absorption. Radiation pressure on a planetary exosphere naturally produces blue-shifted absorption, but at levels insufficient to account for the extreme Doppler shifts that have been inferred from potassium transit measurements of this system. In the absence of clear mechanisms to generate such a strong wind, it is described how this characteristic could arise from an exomoon-magnetosphere interaction, analogous to Io-Jupiter. At low contrasts presented here, follow-up transit spectra of HD 80606b cannot rule out a potassium jet or atmospheric species with a broad absorption structure. However, it is evident that line absorption within the imaging passbands fails to explain the narrow-band photometry that has been reported in-transit. New observations of energetic alkalis produced by the Io-Jupiter interaction are also presented, which illustrate that energetic sodium Doppler structure offers a more valuable marker for the presence of an exomoon than potassium.
The Mayo Endoscopic Score Is a Novel Predictive Indicator for Malignant Transformation in Ulcerative Colitis: A Long-Term Follow-Up Multicenter Study
Authors: Xu Weimin , Liu Fangyuan , Tang Wenbo , Gu Yubei , Zhong Jie , Cui Long , Du Peng 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundData on the relative risk of malignant transformation in ulcerative colitis (UC) are insufficient. We investigated the potential value of the Mayo endoscopic score (MES) for predicting malignant transformation in patients with UC.MethodsData of patients with UC evaluated at our institute from June 1986 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The MES used in the study indicated the results of the first colonoscopy after hospitalization. We defined MES of 0–1 as low and MES of 2–3 as high. Univariable and multivariate logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis.ResultsAmong the 280 eligible patients with UC with a median follow-up time of 14 (interquartile range, 10.0–18.0) years, those with a high MES were more likely to develop malignant transformation. High MES positively correlated with the degree of malignancy and was an independent risk factor for UC-associated dysplasia and colorectal cancer (CRC, odds ratio [OR], 9.223; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.160–73.323; p = 0.036). Disease duration &gt;5 years (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.177–3.572; p = 0.011), immunomodulator use (OR, 4.314; 95% CI, 1.725–10.785; p = 0.002), biologics nonuse (OR, 3.901; 95%CI, 2.213–6.876; p &lt; 0.001), and Hb &lt;90 g/L (OR, 2.691; 95% CI, 1.251–5.785; p = 0.011) were contributing factors for high MES.ConclusionHigh MES could be a novel predictor of malignant transformation in UC. Clinicians should optimize the use of biologics and immunomodulators early and should actively correct anemia to improve the MES and then reduce the incidence of UC-associated dysplasia and CRC.
Preoperative Changes of Lung Nodule on Computed Tomography and Their Relationship With Pathological Outcomes
Authors: Zhou Shihong , Cai Deng , Chen Chunji , Luo Jizhuang , Wang Rui 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundWhether changes of lung nodules on computed tomography could bring us helpful information related to their pathological outcomes remained unclear.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study was carried out among 1,185 cases of lung nodules in Shanghai Chest Hospital from January 2015 to April 2017, which did not shrink or disappear after preoperative follow-up over three months. Their imaging features, changes, and clinical characteristics were collected. A separate analysis was performed in nodules with or without growth in long-axis diameter after follow-up, searching significant changes related to nodule malignancy and the median interval of follow-up for reference. Further study was performed similarly in malignant nodules for discrimination of malignant grading.ResultsMost nodules were stable (n = 885, 75%), whereas others grew (n = 300, 25%). For predicting nodule malignancy, increase in density (&gt;10 Hounsfield units, median follow-up of 549 days) played an important role in growing group whereas it failed in stable group, and the increase in size was less significant in growing group. For discrimination of malignant grading, increase in density (&gt;70 Hounsfield units, median follow-up of 366 days) showed its significance in stable group, and so did increase in size in growing group (maximum diameter growth &gt;3.3 mm, median follow-up of 549 days, or average diameter growth &gt;3.1 mm, median follow-up of 625 days).ConclusionsThere were significant changes of lung nodules by follow-up on computed tomography, related to their pathological outcomes. The predictive power of increase in density or size varied in different situations, whereas all referred to a long-time preoperative follow-up.
Fitness-technology for 30-35 year old women
Authors: Shuba Liudmyla , Shuba Victoriіa , Bytsiuk Victoriіa 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is – to develop fitness-technology for 30-35 year old women to increase physical fitness and body sculpt improvement.
Material and methods. The study was performed from at the premises of lyceum "Perspektyva", Zaporizhzhia. It was attended by 83 women aged 30-35, who were divided into experimental and control groups. All women were classified in the main medical group. The fitness-technology is combination of theoretical and practical blocks. The fitness-technology was developed for 8 months and consisted of 3 stages: preparatory (duration – 8 weeks, intensity – 40-50% maximal oxygen consumption (MOC), main (duration – 16 weeks, intensity in the range from 50% to 75% MOC) and adaptation (duration 8 weeks, intensity – 75-85% MOC). At the beginning and at the end of the research, all women followed the control tests, which allowed to determine the level of physical fitness and to determine the indicators of their body structure.
Results. The highest increase in indicators was in the tests: "Floor dip" control group (CG) increased by 14,29% and experimental group (EG) increased by 24,57%; "Static strength endurance of the shoulder strength" CG increased by 8,00% and EG increased by 21,00%; "Static strength endurance of the back muscles" CG increased by 10,53% and EG increased by 20,05%. "Angled position" CG increased by 25,00% and in the EG increased by 38,33%; "Middle split" CG increased by 18,52% and EG increased by 29,85%. After the introduction of fitness-technology, the indicators "Body Mass Index" decreased in both groups and were able to return to "normal": 24,73 - control group and 22,05 - experimental group. The indicators of the experimental group were better due to the using a block system, which allowed to adjust the fitness technology for each woman on every of the three stages in the fitness-technology.
Conclusion. The highest absolute increment of physical fitness indicators in experimental and control groups was found in such motor abilities as flexibility (р<0,01) and strength (р<0,01, р<0,05). The obtained percentage increase in anthropometric measures shows, that for the selected age group we have developed the right fitness-technology for the body sculpt.
APPROACH TO CREATING AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE INFORMATION SECURITY OF TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Authors: ФИЛИППОВ Н.В. , КИРЕЕВА Н.В. , ПОЗДНЯК И.С. 
Published: March 2022

Рассмотрены возможная модель базы данных экспертной системы в области оценки информационной безопасности, теоретическая основа базы знаний, алгоритм принятия решений. Подробно описан алгоритм взаимодействия пользователя и системы, содержащий ряд запросов от системы и ответов на них пользователя. Представлены наиболее популярные инструменты обеспечения кибербезопасности специалистами различного уровня.
A possible model of a database of an expert system in the field of information security assessment, the theoretical basis of the knowledge base, and the development of a decisionmaking algorithm are considered. The algorithm of interaction between the user and the system is described in detail, containing several system requests and the user's responses to them. The most popular cybersecurity tools for specialists of various levels are presented.
How Inactivation of Pathogens in Plasmawith Amotosalen and UV-A Affects the Activityof Antibodies to the New Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2?
Authors: Карпенко Ф.Н. , Мадзаев С.Р. , Еремин В.Ф. , Новик А.В. , Гущина Л.М. , Кузнецов С.И. 
Published: March 2022

В период пандемии COVID-19 патогенредуцированная плазма доноров – реконвалесцентов может использоваться для пассивной иммунизации пациентов с инфекцией COVID-19 при оказании медицинской помощи. Цель исследования – определить изменение активности антител к SARS-CoV-2 в процессе патогенредукции плазмы реконвалесцентов амотосаленом и УФ-А. При обследовании плазмы 7 доноров – реконвалесцентов COVID-19 двумя иммунодиагностическими методами установлено, что инактивация патогенов с использованием амотоса лена и ультрафиолета А не влияет на содержание антител к SARS-CoV-2 класса IgG.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the pathogen-reduced plasma of donors-convalescents is in demand. The aim of the study was to determine the change in the content of antibodies to SARS- CoV-2 during the pathogen inactivation with amotosalen and UV-A. When examining the plasma of 7 donors-convalescents of COVID-19 with two immunodiagnostic methods, it was found that the pathogen inactivation using amotosalen and ultraviolet A does not affect the activity of IgG class antibodies to SARS-CoV-2.
Studi Literatur: Implementasi Merdeka Belajar Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pembelajaran Matematika Selama Pandemi
Authors: Zahwa Nur , Hilda Nanda Ribatul , Astuti Tiara Kusuma , Weryani Weni , Prasetyawati Yunita , Zulkardi Zulkardi , Nuraeni Zuli , Sukmaningthias Novika 
Published: March 2022

Merdeka belajar merupakan kebijakan baru yang dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. Implementasi merdeka belajar berupa upaya yang diberikan kepada tiap unit pendidikan bebas dapat melakukan inovasi yang juga tentunya disesuaikan dengan daerah masing-masing unit pendidikan sebagai keterbukaan proses pembelajaran dari rumah yang nantinya dapat memberikan pengalaman belajar tanpa harus dituntut oleh standar ketuntasan dan standar kelulusan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui implementasi merdeka belajar dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran matematika selama pandemi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi literatur dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang akan diuraikan secara deskriptif. Data yang digunakan merupakan kajian dari artikel ilmiah, makalah, prosiding, serta buku yang sesuai dengan fokus penelitian. Hasil dan pembahasan yang didapat yaitu merdeka belajar dapat: (1) membuat siswa dan guru menjadi lebih kreatif, inovatif, dan tentunya lebih maju dalam penggunaan teknologi; (2) adanya kebebasan siswa dalam memperoleh informasi dalam belajar sehingga meningkatkan kemampuan literasi, numerasi dan berpikir logis serta meningkatkan kognitif siswa. Akibatnya pembelajaran matematika menjadi lebih maju dikarenakan pengimplementasian merdeka belajar.
The evolution and essence of foreign economic activity as a base of socio-economic development of the Power
Authors: Lyuba Oksana 
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The article is devoted to foreign economic activity research, namely: the definition and interpretation of the concept of «foreign economic activity» and a study of historical aspects of its development. The importance of the study is enhanced by the emergence of discussions about the definition of this concept.The aim. The purpose of the article is to explore the concept of «foreign economic activity» the study and improvement of the main historical stages of its development.Methods of the research. The following research methods are used in the article. General scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, systematic analysis that provide an opportunity for improvement and clarifying the content of the foreign economic activity. The historical method provides an opportunity to study the main stages of occurrence of foreign economic activity in chronological order.Results. The level of development of any power in the modern world directly depends on its foreign economic activity. It is shown that for the entire period of formation of the Ukrainian state (from the times of Kievan Rus to the present), the foreign economic activity has passed a difficult way of development. The evolution from the trade relations form to international activity took place during this way with the distinct list of object and business entities. It is improved and supplemented the historical stages of the emergence of foreign economic activity in Ukraine. The concept of «foreign economic activity» is described and justified.Prospects. The study results made it possible to gradually reproduce the development of foreign economic activity in a historical sequence. However, the concept of «foreign economic activity» needs further research and clarification, as there are significant differences in its definition by the scientific community and existing Ukrainian legislation.