bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Huygens’ Metasurface Based on Induced Magnetism: Enhance the Microwave Absorption Performance of Magnetic Coating
Authors: Zhang Tuo , Duan Yuping , Huang Lingxi , Pang Huifang , Liu Jiangyong , Ma Xinran , Shi Yupeng , Lei Hao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite great efforts in material design and modification, there are still obstacles to improve the effective microwave absorption, which hinders the development of stealth materials. By introducing a magnetically induced Huygens’ metasurface with Fibonacci spiral meta‐atom, a hierarchical absorber with carbonyl iron particle coating is designed and prepared, of which the total effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, reflection loss≤−10 dB) amazingly reaches 9.41 GHz, exceeding 199% of the original coatings', and the absorption peak value declines from−15.91 to−32.12 dB. The overall thickness of the absorber is 7 mm, only 0.17 over the minimum thickness dictated by the causality limit. A conceptual basis for the proposed design is provided, that is, the balance of effective surface current and magnetic current induced simultaneously will enhance the electromagnetic (EM) wave transmission, which contributes to broadening the absorption bandwidth with promising impedance matching. The system is validated numerically and experimentally, suggesting a novel route to obtain high‐performance microwave absorption materials for the EM stealth technology.
Functionalized 12 µm Polyethylene Separator to Realize Dendrite‐Free Lithium Deposition toward Highly Stable Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhao Qiannan , Wang Ronghua , Hu Xiaolin , Wang Yumei , Lu Guanjie , Yang Zuguang , Liu Qiwen , Yang Xiukang , Pan Fusheng , Xu Chaohe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDirect application of metallic lithium (Li) as the anode in rechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is still hindered by some annoying issues such as lithium dendrites formation, low Coulombic efficiency, and safety concerns arising therefrom. Herein, an advanced composite separator is prepared by facilely blade coating lightweight and thin functional layers on commercial 12 µm polyethylene separator to stabilize the Li anode. The composite separator simultaneously improves the Li ion transport and lithium deposition behaviors with uniform lithium ion distribution properties, enabling the dendrite‐free Li deposition. As a result, the lithium anode can stably cycle up to 3000 cycles with the high capacity of 3.5 mAh cm−2. Moreover, the composite separator exhibits wide compatibility in LMBs (Li–S and Li‐ion battery) and delivers stable cycling performance and high Coulombic efficiency both in coin and lab‐level soft‐pack cells. Thus, this cost‐effective modification strategy exhibits great application potential in high‐energy LMBs.
Using Feature‐Assisted Machine Learning Algorithms to Boost Polarity in Lead‐Free Multicomponent Niobate Alloys for High‐Performance Ferroelectrics
Authors: Oh Seung‐Hyun Victor , Hwang Woohyun , Kim Kwangrae , Lee Ji‐Hwan , Soon Aloysius 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo expand the unchartered materials space of lead‐free ferroelectrics for smart digital technologies, tuning their compositional complexity via multicomponent alloying allows access to enhanced polar properties. The role of isovalent A‐site in binary potassium niobate alloys, (K,A)NbO3 using first‐principles calculations is investigated. Specifically, various alloy compositions of (K,A)NbO3 are considered and their mixing thermodynamics and associated polar properties are examined. To establish structure‐property design rules for high‐performance ferroelectrics, the sure independence screening sparsifying operator (SISSO) method is employed to extract key features to explain the A‐site driven polarization in (K,A)NbO3. Using a new metric of agreement via feature‐assisted regression and classification, the SISSO model is further extended to predict A‐site driven polarization in multicomponent systems as a function of alloy composition, reducing the prediction errors to less than 1%. With the machine learning model outlined in this work, a polarity‐composition map is established to aid the development of new multicomponent lead‐free polar oxides which can offer up to 25% boosting in A‐site driven polarization and achieving more than 150% of the total polarization in pristine KNbO3. This study offers a design‐based rational route to develop lead‐free multicomponent ferroelectric oxides for niche information technologies.
Reducing Photovoltaic Property Loss of Organic Solar Cells in Blade‐Coating by Optimizing Micro‐Nanomorphology via Nonhalogenated Solvent
Authors: Zhang Jiayou , Zhang Lifu , Wang Xinkang , Xie Zijun , Hu Lei , Mao Houdong , Xu Guodong , Tan Licheng , Chen Yiwang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBlade‐coating which is compatible with roll‐to‐roll (R2R) fabrication has been considered a promising technology for the large‐scale production of organic solar cells (OSCs). Despite the rapid increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices, most processing solvents are still halogenated, which is a key issue that needs to be addressed urgently in commercialized manufacturing. In this work, targeted strategies are explored for the preparation of efficient OSCs via combining the nonhalogenated solvent toluene (TL) with blade‐coating. Based on the in situ UV–vis absorption, grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, and device performance measurements, the subtle relationship between processing solvents, film morphology, and properties is successfully established. The PM6:BTP‐eC9 blend film prepared by this strategy demonstrates higher crystallinity and smaller phase separation morphology, resulting in an outstanding PCE of 16.58% with low energy loss and high fill factor, which is higher than the CF‐based device (15.08%). Finally, the 1.00 cm2 device exhibits a high PCE of 14.82%, which is one of the highest values for OSCs prepared by blade‐coating based on TL solvent. This specific strategy combines blade‐coating with nonhalogenated solvent processing shows outstanding synergy in optimization of morphology, demonstrating excellent potential for the preparation of highly efficient large area OSCs.
Protecting farm privacy while researching large‐scale unmanned aircraft systems platforms for agricultural applications
Authors: Bergstrom Aaron , Nowatzki John , Witt Trevor , Barnhart Isaac , Krueger Jordan , Askelson Mark , Barnhart Kurt , Desell Travis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to explore data privacy and sharing challenges associated with conducting regional data collection using large‐scale unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) technologies. During the 2016 growing season, the North Dakota State University Extension Service and Elbit Systems of America conducted a proof‐of‐concept UAS Research and Development (R&D) project to use large‐scale UAS platforms to address some of the issues limiting UAS technology adoption. While the researchers initially thought that the high‐resolution spatial and temporal field imagery collected would be well received by area farmers, the team learned that some had concerns over farm operations privacy and about who would have access to the data. The team conducted multiple stakeholder meetings to address the issues raised. While the flights were successfully executed, problems related to farmer interest in the data collected and how to get that data to farmers were identified. Though the project demonstrated how third party operation of large‐scale UAS can remove the operational burden from farmers, the project introduced additional privacy concerns and highlighted the need for better rural broadband to make grower access to data in the cloud practical.
Genetic care in geographically isolated small island communities: 8 years of experience in the Dutch Caribbean
Authors: Verberne Eline A. , Westermann Jonne M. , de Vries Tamar I. , Ecury‐Goossen Ginette M. , Lo‐A‐Njoe Shirley M. , Manshande Meindert E. , Faries Sonja , Veenhuis Hans D. , Philippi Patricia , Falix Farah A. , Rosina‐Angelista Irsa , Ponson‐Wever Maria , Rafael‐Croes Louise , Thorsen Patricia , Arends Eric , de Vroomen Maartje , Nagelkerke Sietse Q. , Tilanus Martijn , van der Veken Lars T. , Huijsdens‐van Amsterdam Karin , van der Kevie‐Kersemaekers Anne‐Marie , Alders Mariëlle , Mannens Marcel M. A. M. , van Haelst Mieke M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWorldwide, there are large inequalities in genetic service delivery. In 2011, we established a bi‐annual joint pediatric‐genetics clinic with a visiting clinical geneticist in the Dutch Caribbean. This retrospective study evaluates the yield of diagnostic testing and the clinical utility of a diagnosis for patients with rare diseases on these relatively isolated, resource‐limited islands. A total of 331 patients that were referred to the clinical geneticist between November 2011 and November 2019 and had genetic testing were included in this study. A total of 508 genetic tests were performed on these patients. Microarray, next‐generation sequencing gene panels, and single‐gene analyses were the most frequently performed genetic tests. A molecularly confirmed diagnosis was established in 33% of patients (n = 108). Most diagnosed patients had single nucleotide variants or small insertions and/or deletions (48%) or copy number variants (34%). Molecular diagnostic yield was highest in patients referred for seizures and developmental delay/intellectual disability. The genetic diagnosis had an impact on clinical management in 52% of patients. Referrals to other health professionals and changes in therapy were the most frequently reported clinical consequences. In conclusion, despite limited financial resources, our genetics service resulted in a reasonably high molecular diagnostic yield. Even in this resource‐limited setting, a genetic diagnosis had an impact on clinical management for the majority of patients. Our approach with a visiting clinical geneticist may be an example for others who are developing genetic services in similar settings.
Anthropogenic effects on body size and growth in lab‐reared and free‐ranging Macaca mulatta
Authors: Francis George , Eller Andrea R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe impact of anthropogenic pressures upon primates is increasingly prevalent, and yet the phenotypic aspects of these impacts remain understudied. Captive environments can pose unique pressures based on factors like physical activity levels and caloric availability; thus, maturation patterns should vary under differing captive conditions. Here, we evaluate the development and growth of two Macaca mulatta populations (N = 510) with known chronological ages between 9 months and 16 years, under different levels of captive management, to assess the impact of varying anthropogenic environments on primates. To track growth, we scored 13 epiphyseal fusion locales across long bones in a skeletal sample of lab‐reared M. mulatta (n = 111), including the right tibia, femur, humerus, ulna, and radius. We employed a three‐tier scoring system, consisting of “0” (unfused to diaphysis), “1” (fusing), and “2” (fused). To record body size, we collected five linear measures of these long bones, from the proximal and distal ends, and total lengths. Means and standard deviations were generated to compare samples; t‐tests were used to determine significant differences between means. These values were compared to available data on the free‐ranging, provisioned M. mulatta population of Cayo Santiago. The free‐ranging monkeys (n = 274) were found to exhibit larger linear skeletal lengths (p < 0.05) than lab‐reared specimens. Generally, the free‐ranging macaques reached fusion at earlier chronological ages and exhibited an extended duration of the fusing growth stage. These observations may reflect the protein‐rich diet provided to free‐ranging monkeys and conversely, restricted movement and relaxed natural selection experienced by lab‐reared monkeys.
Describing the learning curve of novices for the diagnosis of paediatric distal forearm fractures using point‐of‐care ultrasound
Authors: Snelling Peter J. , Jones Philip , Moore Mark , Gimpel Peta , Rogers Rosemary , Liew Kong , Ware Robert S. , Keijzers Gerben 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeThe learning curve of nurse practitioners (NPs) to accurately diagnose paediatric distal forearm fractures using point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) was investigated.MethodsEach NP’s learning curve was calculated as cumulative diagnostic accuracy against a number of scans performed. The curve’s plateau represented the attainment of competency. Secondary outcomes were the comparisons before and after this cut‐off of diagnostic accuracy, classification of diagnostic errors, pain scores, duration and preference.ResultsFive NPs performed 201 POCUS studies with diagnostic accuracy plateauing at 90%, providing a ‘cut‐off’ point at scan 15. Accuracy of POCUS scanning before and after the fifteenth scan was 81% (95% CI 70%–89%) and 90% (95% CI 84%–94%), respectively, demonstrating 9% improvement (P = 0.07). There was a 10% reduction in image interpretation errors. After fifteen scans, POCUS became faster (mean difference (MD) 2.6 min [95% CI 2.0–3.3], P < 0.001), less painful (MD 0.61 points FPSR scale [95% CI 0.04–1.18], P = 0.04) and more preferred by NPs (63% vs 77%, P = 0.03).DiscussionThe learning curve of POCUS‐novice NPs independently scanning paediatric distal forearm injuries plateaued with mean diagnostic accuracy of 90% after 15 scans, suggesting competency was attained at this cut‐off, supported by higher accuracy, being faster, less painful and more preferred by NPs. Future training packages in forearm POCUS should further address image interpretation and provide ongoing expert feedback.ConclusionsThe findings from this study suggest that competency in paediatric distal forearm POCUS can be attained by novices after a short training course and approximately 15 scans.
Toughening of silane modified bis‐phenol‐A epoxides
Authors: Joo Minjung , Miyoshi Toshikazu , Kyu Thein , Soucek Mark D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe fracture toughness of two alkoxysilane modified bis‐phenol‐A (BPA) epoxides were compared at three different temperatures. Organosilanes were utilized to synthesize the modified epoxides; 3‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane reacted with the telechelic oxirane (aminosilane functionalized epoxide, ASE); and 3‐(triethoxysilyl) propyl isocyanate reacted with the secondary hydroxyl group of the repeat unit (isocyanatesilane functionalized epoxide, ISE). Pre‐hydrolyzed and condensed tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS oligomers) and TiO2 were added to modified epoxides along with an amine hardener. The films were evaluated using DSC, TGA, tensile, and fracture toughness. During film formation, there were two competing chemical pathways: one based on in situ inorganic reactions of silanes and silicates, and the other based on organic reaction of amine crosslinker with epoxide groups. The aminosilane modified epoxides (ASE) indicated higher compatibility with TEOS oligomers or TEOS oligomers/TiO2 than the isocyanate‐silane modified epoxides as smaller agglomerates observed with AFM and SEM images. Theses interactions made ASE tougher, as there was an improvement in the fracture toughness, tensile modulus, and impact strength. This study found that the toughness varied at different temperatures (−50, 20, and 60°C).
On gravity wave parameterisation in vicinity of low‐level blocking
Authors: Geldenhuys Markus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis note is framed as an open question to the community regarding parameterisation schemes using the blocking layer depth to reduce the orographic gravity wave drag. It is the purpose of this note to argue that the current orographic gravity wave drag parameterisation in the vicinity of blocking is inadequate. Reducing the gravity wave amplitude (and thereby reducing the gravity wave drag) by assuming an effective mountain height dependent on the blocking depth is not realistic. The arguments given here will hopefully spark a debate and new considerations, ultimately leading to improvements in current orographic gravity wave drag parameterisations. This note illustrates that low‐level blocking can induce more gravity waves or gravity waves with a higher momentum flux (compared to the current parameterisation schemes). More realistic parameterisation schemes are likely to improve the models' performance. However, the fact is complex theories are needed to describe gravity wave excitation by orography so that it is difficult to represent gravity wave nature by a ‘too simple’ parameterisation scheme.
The complicated legacy of E. O. Wilson with respect to genetics and human behavior
Authors: Lerdau Manuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOver the arc of his career, E. O. Wilson first embraced, then popularized, and finally rejected an extreme genetical hereditarian view of human nature. The controversy that ensued during the period of popularization (largely in the 1970s and 1980s) obscured the fact that empirical and theoretical research during this time undercut the assumptions necessary for this view. By the end of his career, Wilson accepted the fact that individual/kin selection models were insufficient to explain human behavior and society, and he began conducting research based upon multilevel (group) selection, an idea he had previously scorned.
Total synthesis of 2′,4′,6′‐trimethoxy‐3′,5′‐dimethylchalcone derivatives
Authors: Park Rae Yeon , Lee Hana , Park Kwangyong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract2′,4′‐Dihydroxy‐6′‐methoxy‐3′,5′‐dimethylchalcone (DMC), which is isolated from plants, has recently attracted much attention due to its beneficial pharmacological effects. The preparation of twelve 2′,4′,6′‐trimethoxy‐3′,5′‐dimethylchalcone (DMDMC) derivatives, which are dimethylated‐derivatives of DMC, is reported herein for the first time. Our synthetic method allowed the efficient construction of the DMDMC derivatives from phloroglucinol in 37.8%–46.5% overall yields. This promising approach would be advantageous for the production of many different DMDMC derivatives in a short period of time.
Does green innovation mediate the relationship between green relational view and competitive advantage?
Authors: Juo Wei‐Jr , Wang Chao‐Hung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study examines how a green relational view sustains competitive advantage via respective green exploratory and exploitative innovation. To clarify the conditions that support green relational view and which type of green innovation is overlooked, we differentiate between two types of green relational view (i.e., green relationship learning [GRL] and green relational capital [GRC]) to analyze how two types of green innovation (i.e., green exploratory innovation and green exploitative innovation) mediate the relationship between green relational view and competitive advantage (CA) in two distinct pathways. To analyze the proposal theoretical model, Taiwanese integrated circuit industry firms were sampled using hierarchical regression methodology. Our results show that both GRL and GRC support CA. Furthermore, the findings indicate that GRL more strongly influences green exploratory innovation, whereas GRC more strongly influences green exploitative innovation. Further analysis finds that green exploratory innovation partially mediates the linkage of GRL‐CA and green exploitative innovation fully mediates the linkage of GRC‐CA. These findings are valuable for both researchers and practitioners. We discuss implications and directions for future research.
Zn(II) 5,5‐Diethylbarbiturate Complex Selectively Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer and Breast Cancer Stem‐Like Cells
Authors: Alioglu Imren , Tsochantaridis Ilias , Pappa Aglaia , Dere Egemen , Ari Ferda 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe biological activities of Zn(II) compounds have been extensively studied in recent years. In this study, the growth suppressive effect of Zn(II) 5,5‐diethylbarbiturate complex on MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 human breast cancer cells was determined by SRB and ATP viability assays and apoptosis‐inducing effect by double staining method. Significant increase in cytokeratin 18 level, caspase 3/7 activity and annexin‐V upregulation prove that Zn(II) complex has apoptotic effect in breast cancer cells. Intrinsic apoptosis pathway in MCF‐7 cells and extrinsic apoptosis pathway in MDA‐MB‐231 cells was determined by Western blot (PARP, Cleave PARP, BAX, COX4, RIP, Caspase 8, Split Caspase 8, DR4 and B‐Actin) and RT‐PCR (PARP, Fas, Bcl‐2, TNF10A, P53) analysis. No reduction of viability was found in MCF‐710A healthy breast cells treated with Zn(II) complex. In breast cancer stem‐like cells (MCF‐7s), the Zn(II) complex was found to have a cytotoxic effect and to activate the apoptotic pathway. As a result, it was concluded that Zn(II) complex has anti‐proliferative and apoptotic effects on breast cancer and breast cancer stem‐like cells. Also this complex prevents the metastatic effect of cancer cells and does not effect to healthy cells so this complex has a specific effect on cancer cells. These findings might shed light on the discovery of new chemotherapeutic agents.
Laser vaporization of atherothrombotic burden before drug‐coated balloon application in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction: Two‐year outcomes of the laser‐DCB trial
Authors: Tonomura Daisuke , Shimada Yoshihisa , Yamanaka Yuki , Terashita Kazunori , Suzuki Tatsuya , Nishiura Satoshi , Yoshida Masataka , Tsuchida Takao , Fukumoto Hitoshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to examine whether the combination of excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) and drug‐coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty can provide feasible clinical outcome in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with 8‐month and 2‐year scheduled follow‐up angiography.BackgroundIntracoronary thrombus elevates the risk of interventional treatment in patients with STEMI and hampers drug absorption into the vasculature released from DCB.MethodsSixty‐two patients with STEMI within 24 h after the onset of symptoms were enrolled in this prospective, single‐center, single‐arm study.ResultsThe laser catheter was successfully crossed distal to the culprit lesion in all cases. No ELCA‐related adverse events occurred. Bail‐out stenting was required in two patients (3.2%) after adjunctive ballooning; thus, the remaining 60 patients were completed with DCB angioplasty without stenting. Scheduled angiography at 8 months and 2 years was completed in 100% and 85.2%, respectively, and minimal lumen diameters were 3.4 ± 0.5, 3.4 ± 0.6, and 3.4 ± 0.5 mm after the procedure, at 8 months and at 2 years, respectively. Binary restenosis was observed in five patients (8.1%) in whom target lesion revascularization was performed. The duration of dual antiplatelet therapy was 2.3 ± 2.2 months, and neither abrupt vessel closure, reinfarction, cardiac death nor major bleeding was observed.ConclusionA combination of DCB angioplasty with ELCA is a feasible therapeutic option for STEMI.
Experiential value and shopping well‐being of aging consumers
Authors: Yu Hong , Rahman Osmud , Marlatt Dana , Robichaud Zachary 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study explored aging consumers' multichannel shopping experiences and identified factors that contribute to their satisfaction and shopping well‐being. We conducted 13 one‐on‐one semi‐structured interviews with informants 50 years or older in a metropolitan area in Canada and used a deductive approach to analyze the qualitative data. Aging consumers in this study focused on two‐channel shopping: brick‐and‐mortar and online stores. Participants emphasized the interactive engagement with sales associates, window shopping, and people‐watching as benefits of the brick‐and‐mortar experience, in addition to shopping as a tool for socialization and risk‐avoidance. For online shopping, participants underscored convenience and also concerns about privacy, security, financial risk, and product quality. Results indicate retailers' transparent practices will contribute to older adults' shopping well‐being.