bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A dual‐output single‐input non‐isolated DC‐DC converter with reduced semiconductors stress
Authors: Radmanesh Hamid , Jashnani Hamidreza , Pourjafar Saeed , Maalandish Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis work proposes a novel topology of two‐output high voltage rate DC‐DC converter based on coupled inductor and voltage multiplier cells (VMCs) techniques for renewable energy usages like photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed structure has two independent output ports with two voltage gains (M1 and M2). Low voltage stress across the power switch and diodes, common ground between input and output ports, high efficiency, and reduced number of elements are the advantages of the suggested converter. The used diodes are switched at zero current switching (ZCS) and zero voltage switching (ZVS) conditions, which reduce the losses of diodes and subsequently increase the power efficiency. Due to the usage of the coupled inductor, there is no need to a high value of the power switch's duty cycle. Therefore, a low conduction loss and higher efficiency can be obtained. On the other hand, because of the reduced voltage stresses, low rated semiconductors can be used for operation of the presented converter, which decrease the cost and the volume. To demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed topology, operation principles, steady‐state and efficiency analysis, and also the comparison assessment are provided. Finally, a 200 W experimental development with 50 kHz operation frequency, 20 V input voltage, and 200 and 100 V loads voltages has been implemented in the lab to prove the mathematical surveys.
Resolution improvement using enriched Krylov subspace for microwave tomography breast imaging system
Authors: N Nithya , MSK Manikandan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, a resolution improvement strategy has been presented for microwave tomography imaging in the dense and heterogeneous breasts. While improving the spatial resolution by reducing the size of pixels, the resultant image will be affected by spatial oscillation, and it will also lack to differentiate the dielectric values of low contrast tissue regions which are the unavoidable problems in the microwave tomography dense breast imaging. These difficulties are addressed as discrete ill‐posed and ill‐condition problems. In this paper, Enriched Conjugate Gradient Least Square (ECGLS) regularization method has been proposed and it is associated with the Distorted Born Iterative Method (DBIM) to improve the quality of high‐resolution images of heterogeneous and dense type breasts. The Proposed‐ECGLS (PECGLS) method introduces the span of enriched subspace with external penalization value to resolve the discrete ill‐posed problem. The Gram‐Schmidt factorization (or QR factorization) based step length and the external penalization value control the spatial oscillations and resolve the ill‐condition problem with quick convergence. The performance of the Proposed‐ECGLS method has been tested on heterogeneous and dense breast phantoms for synthetically embedded malignant along with differences in permittivity value of +8% to +10% in the fibrogland tissues. The results from the simulation studies depict that the Proposed‐ECGLS has achieved up to 0.8276 of structural similarity in different level discretization error and it is better than the existing methods such as ECGLS and standard CGLS. This high‐resolution microwave tomography imaging method will be helpful in malignant detection and fibroadenoma diagnosis in dense type breasts.
Sensors‐based monitoring and treatment approaches for in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Yi Ying , Wang Bo , Li Changping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) can progressively narrow arteries due to plaque accumulation on the inner walls of the blood vessels, which results in an obstructed blood flow, leading to heart attack, stroke, and even death if the obstruction is severe. A popular treatment for the disease is to use an intravascular mechanical device called the stent to achieve an immediate restoration of blood flow. However, the physical stimulation induced by the stent expansion can cause inflammation of the vessel tissue. As one of the most common post‐stenting complications, re‐narrowing of the vessel is the main pathology that leads to in‐stent restenosis (ISR), induced by the excess growth of the tissue over the deployed stent. The ISR is widely recognized as a significant cause of death globally if early symptoms are not detected. Hence, monitoring and early diagnosis indeed matter when it comes to treatment. The latest technologies for monitoring and treatments of ISR were reviewed in this work, and the potential issues and suggestions related to the reported technologies were presented. The target of this review aims to positively prompt researchers to develop an advanced stent system in terms of its electromechanical performance, size, functional feature, feasibility, and reliability.
Photoinduced 6π‐electrocyclization of 2,5‐dichlorothiophene containing benzofuranylacrylonitriles as efficient method for the generation of hydrogen chloride
Authors: Karibov Turan T. , Lichitsky Boris V. , Komogortsev Andrey N. , Melekhina Valeriya G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe photochemical 6π‐electrocyclization of 1,3,5‐hexatriene system containing benzofuran and 2,5‐dichlorothiophene fragments was investigated. It was shown that considered photoreaction regiospecifically leads to the formation of substituted benzo[b]thieno[2,3‐g]benzofurans. Along with the formation of polyheterocyclic products the studied process is accompanied by the elimination of hydrogen chloride molecule. Based on the suggested transformation an efficient method for the photogeneration of strong acid was implemented. As a result, the starting thienyl substituted benzofurans can be used as photoacid generators (PAGs). The structure of one of the final products was established by X‐ray diffraction.
Preparation and characterization of astaxanthin‐loaded microcapsules and its application in effervescent tablets
Authors: Huang Juan , Feng Xuan , Zhang Shuo , Wang Lizeng , Yue Jingjing , Chu Lanling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAstaxanthin is a type of keto‐carotene with potential health benefits. However, astaxanthin has poor solubility and stability, resulting in its low oral bio‐availability. Microcapsules can be used to improve the water solubility, stability and oral bio‐availability of lipophilic bioactive compounds. Effervescent tablets can further improve the stability, smell and taste of microcapsules, and are more easily accepted by consumers.RESULTSAstaxanthin‐loaded microcapsules were prepared by layer‐by‐layer assembly and freeze‐drying technologies. Sodium caseinate and κ‐carrageenan were applied as wall materials. The prepared microcapsules had good flow properties and encapsulation efficiencies (> 85%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that the mechanisms of layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly between sodium caseinate and κ‐carrageenan might be electrostatic adsorption and hydrogen bonding. The preparation process and excipients did not affect the antioxidant effect of astaxanthin. Thein vitrosimulated digestion study showed that microcapsules were mainly dissolved and digested in the simulated intestinal solution. Compared with its raw material, microencapsulation could improve the bio‐accessibility of astaxanthin greatly. Then, astaxanthin‐loaded microcapsules were incorporated into effervescent tablets by wet granulation and tablet‐pressing methods. The dissolution of astaxanthin from effervescent tablets was over 90% in 2 h, which indicated a good dissolution effect. A cytotoxicity study revealed that astaxanthin loaded effervescent tablets had a good biocompatibility. Encapsulating astaxanthin‐loaded microcapsules in effervescent tablets can improve its chemical stability.CONCLUSIONEffervescent tablets containing microcapsules could be used to improve the solubility, stability and bio‐accessibility of lipophilic bioactive compounds. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Substance use and esophageal neuroendocrine neoplasm: A case–control study
Authors: Wang Yao‐Kuang , Shih Hsiang‐Yao , Chu Yin‐Yi , Kuo Chao‐Hung , Chen Yi‐Hsun , Chung Chen‐Shuan , Tsai Cho‐Lun , Lin Jung‐Chun , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Wu I‐Chen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEsophageal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are extremely rare and little is known about their risk factors. To identify the potential risk factors, we evaluated whether the history of substance use, including alcohol, tobacco and areca nut consumption was associated with esophageal NEN. Forty‐one esophageal NEN patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2019 from 17 hospital in Taiwan were enrolled as the cases. Controls were participants who received complete esophagogastroduodenoscopy in an endoscopic cohort and 123 eligible controls were matched to 41 cases (3:1) on age and gender. Alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking significantly increased the risk of esophageal NEN, with about a fourfold risk increase in alcohol drinkers as well as cigarette smokers. Moreover, use of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in combination demonstrated the highest risk of esophageal NEN with the risk increasing up to 20 times compared with non‐users. Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking significantly increase risk of esophageal NEN and both alcohol and cigarette users had the highest risk.
A xenograft study of human adipose stromal cell‐based vocal fold mucosal replacement in rabbits
Authors: Tran Eric K. , Alhiyari Yazeed , Juarez Kevin , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Schrader Feng , Sajed Dipti P. , Long Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesVocal fold (VF) scarring, manifested by increased collagen, decreased glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and disrupted elastic fibers, remains a negative consequence of VF injury or resection. The objective of this study is to compare four reconstructive options after Vf mucosal resection in rabbits. A Cell‐Based Outer Vocal fold Replacement (COVR) using human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hASCs) in fibrin scaffold is directly compared with a decellularized scaffold implant, hASC injection, and resection alone without reconstruction. The primary hypothesis is that the cells‐in‐scaffold construct better reconstitutes the VF structure than either cells or scaffold alone, or than healing by secondary intention.MethodsA total of49 rabbits received bilateral VF cordectomy, followed by either COVR implant, decellularized scaffold implant, hASC injection, or no reconstruction (injured control group). Larynges were harvested after 6 weeks.ResultsHistology demonstrated greater lamina propria thickness, less collagen deposition, and more GAGs in COVR animals versus all other treatment groups. Evidence of persistent human cells was found in about half of the cell‐treated animals. RNA levels of fibrosis pathway and macrophage phenotype markers were statistically unchanged among treatment groups at 6 weeks.ConclusionThese data support the efficacy of COVR implantation in restoring VF microstructure in rabbits. The intact COVR was required; isolated components of decellularized scaffold or injected hASC still produced histologic scarring. We propose that the unique bilayered cell structure within fibrin enables controlled matrix remodeling to minimize wound contraction and fibrosis, and to promote GAG deposition.Level of EvidenceBasic science study
Insights of NaCl water vapor coupling induced hot corrosion behaviors of IN718 superalloy
Authors: Liu Wenhong , Cui Tiancheng , Dong Minpeng , Yu Miao , Li Jinlong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe hot corrosion behavior of Ni‐based superalloys induced by NaCl at 600°C, 650°C, and 700°C in a marine‐like environment was investigated. The results show that the corrosion scale on the IN718 alloy includes two distinct layers, of which the outer layer is mainly composed of NiFe2O4 and NiO, while the inner layer contains FeCr2O4 and NiCr2O4. The HCl(g) as a catalyst significantly accelerated the corrosion of the samples. The formation of the Cr‐depletion layer was analyzed. The O2 in the atmosphere can diffuse to the substrate surface through the corrosion product layer, leading to internal corrosion. The hot corrosion behaviors of the corroded samples have been discussed in detail.
Bacterial composition in Swedish raw drinking water reveals three major interacting ubiquitous metacommunities
Authors: Brindefalk Björn , Brolin Harald , Säve‐Söderbergh Melle , Karlsson Edvin , Sundell David , Wikström Per , Jacobsson Karin , Toljander Jonas , Stenberg Per , Sjödin Andreas , Dryselius Rikard , Forsman Mats , Ahlinder Jon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSurface raw water used as a source for drinking water production is a critical resource, sensitive to contamination. We conducted a study on Swedish raw water sources, aiming to identify mutually co‐occurring metacommunities of bacteria, and environmental factors driving such patterns.MethodsThe water sources were different regarding nutrient composition, water quality, and climate characteristics, and displayed various degrees of anthropogenic impact. Water inlet samples were collected at six drinking water treatment plants over 3 years, totaling 230 samples. The bacterial communities of DNA sequenced samples (n = 175), obtained by 16S metabarcoding, were analyzed using a joint model for taxa abundance.ResultsTwo major groups of well‐defined metacommunities of microorganisms were identified, in addition to a third, less distinct, and taxonomically more diverse group. These three metacommunities showed various associations to the measured environmental data. Predictions for the well‐defined metacommunities revealed differing sets of favored metabolic pathways and life strategies. In one community, taxa with methanogenic metabolism were common, while a second community was dominated by taxa with carbohydrate and lipid‐focused metabolism.ConclusionThe identification of ubiquitous persistent co‐occurring bacterial metacommunities in freshwater habitats could potentially facilitate microbial source tracking analysis of contamination issues in freshwater sources.
Validation of theOPTIMIPARKQuestionnaire: A Tool to Optimize Treatment in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Máñez‐Miró Jorge U. , Vivancos‐Matellano Francisco , Alonso‐Frech Fernando , Vela‐Desojo Lydia , López‐Ariztegui Nuria , López‐Manzanares Lydia , Balaguer Ernest , Martínez‐Castrillo Juan Carlos , Herrero‐Infante Yolanda , Gasca‐Salas Carmen , Morales‐Casado María Isabel , Casas Elena , Hernández Antonio , Pareés Isabel , Tegel‐Ayuela Iciar , Martínez‐Fernández Raul , Martinez‐Martin Pablo 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundDopamine replacement therapy reduces most motor and nonmotor features of Parkinson's disease. However, with disease progression, adjustments of dopaminergics and the application of advanced therapies must be considered.ObjectivesTo validate the OPTIMIPARK questionnaire as a tool to help clinicians make therapeutic decisions on patients treated with levodopa.MethodsWe tested a questionnaire including 9 items encompassing motor and nonmotor signs, complications, and disability in a multicenter, observational, cross‐sectional study. A neurologist (neurologist 1 [N1]) assessed patients according to regular clinical practice and blinded to the OPTIMIPARK questionnaire score. Therapeutic decisions were classified as “no changes,” “adjustment of conventional treatment,” and “advanced therapy indicated.” External neurologists (neurologist 3 [N3] and neurologist 4 [N4]), who only knew the patient age, years of disease, and current treatment, made their therapeutic decisions based on the OPTIMIPARK score. Concordance between the criterion of the N1 versus the OPTIMIPARK‐based N3–N4 consensus was analyzed applying weighted κ. The area under Receiving Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves was calculated for OPTIMIPARK scores.ResultsA total of 113 patients with Parkinson's disease were included. The OPTIMIPARK‐based decision led to a higher proportion of patients requiring therapeutic modification than N1 assessment (74% vs. 60%;P = 0.002). Concordance between the N1 and N3–N4 decisions was moderate, whereas interobserver agreement among N3 and N4 was high. Area Under the Curve(AUC) values of 0.83 and 0.82 were found for “no changes” and “advanced therapy indicated” decisions by the N1 neurologist.ConclusionsOPTIMIPARK might be more sensitive than regular clinical practice in suggesting the need for a therapeutic change. Furthermore, the low and high scores identify with high accuracy well‐adjusted patients and candidates for advanced therapy, respectively.
Free‐breathing 3D CEST MRI of human liver at 3.0 T
Authors: Han Pei , Cheema Karandeep , Cao Tianle , Lee Hsu‐Lei , Han Fei , Wang Nan , Han Hui , Xie Yibin , Christodoulou Anthony G. , Li Debiao 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo develop a novel 3D abdominal CEST MRI technique at 3 T using MR multitasking, which enables entire‐liver coverage with free‐breathing acquisition.Methodsk‐Space data were continuously acquired with repetitive steady‐state CEST (ss‐CEST) modules. The stack‐of‐stars acquisition pattern was used for k‐space sampling. MR multitasking was used to reconstruct motion‐resolved 3D CEST images of 53 frequency offsets with entire‐liver coverage and 2.0 × 2.0 × 6.0 mm3 spatial resolution. The total scan time was 9 min. The sensitivity of amide proton transfer (APT)‐CEST (magnetization transfer asymmetry [MTRasym] at 3.5 ppm) and glycogen CEST (glycoCEST) (mean MTRasym around 1.0 ppm) signals generated with the proposed method were tested with fasting experiments.ResultsBoth APT‐CEST and glycoCEST signals showed high sensitivity between post‐fasting and post‐meal acquisitions. APT‐CEST and glycoCEST MTRasym signals from post‐mean scans were significantly increased (APT‐CEST: −0.019 ± 0.017 in post‐fasting scans, 0.014 ± 0.021 in post‐meal scans, p < 0.01; glycoCEST: 0.003 ± 0.009 in post‐fasting scans, 0.027 ± 0.021 in post‐meal scans, p < 0.01).ConclusionThe proposed 3D abdominal steady‐state CEST method using MR multitasking can generate CEST images of the entire liver during free breathing.
Prediagnostic BMI trajectories in relation to pancreatic cancer risk in theProstate, Lung, Colorectal, and OvarianCancer Screening Trial
Authors: Hoyt Margaret , Song Yiqing , Gao Sujuan , O'Palka Jacquelynn , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveIt remains elusive whether prediagnostic BMI trajectory is associated with pancreatic cancer.MethodsThis study investigated this question among 145,489 participants who gave rise to 696 incident cases of pancreatic cancer over a median follow‐up of 12 years in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. At baseline, participants were asked to recall their weight at ages 20, 50, and 55 to 74 years (at enrollment), as well as their height.ResultsAt age 50 years, people with obesity had a significantly increased risk of pancreatic cancer compared with those with a normal weight after adjustment for confounders (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 1.27 [1.01‐1.60]). Individuals who had overweight at age 20 years experienced a marginally significant elevated risk of pancreatic cancer (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 1.22 [0.99‐1.50]). Compared with individuals who maintained a steady normal weight during follow‐up, no significantly altered risk of pancreatic cancer was observed for those whose weight status changed from normal weight to overweight, from normal weight to obesity, and from overweight to obesity.ConclusionsThe present study revealed that prediagnostic adulthood BMI trajectory was not associated with pancreatic cancer risk, but overweight at young adulthood and obesity at middle adulthood may confer an elevated risk of this malignancy.
Design of smart nanodevices based on N‐vinyl caprolactam nanogels for photosensitizers
Authors: Carnicero Anabela , Miretti Mariana , Rosso Anabella P. , Martinelli Marisa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSmart PVCL‐based nanogels for photosensitizers were prepared following the thermo precipitation methodology. PVCL‐based imprinted and non‐imprinted NGs are reported with different percentages of N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) as crosslinker agent. Zn(II)phthalocyanine (ZnPc) is employed as a model photosensitizer and incorporated as a template molecule for imprinted NGs or it loads post‐synthesis for non‐imprinted NGs. In order to analyze the chemical structure, NGs were characterized using infrared microscopy. Hydrodynamic diameter was determined by dynamic light scattering. The phase transition temperature was measured by UV–vis spectroscopy. The phase transition temperature and Dh values were regulated by the percentage of crosslinker and the presence of the photosensitizer as a template or post‐synthesis load. In all cases, the yields were acceptable and the smart nanodevices were stable.
Suitability characterization of novel cellulosic plant fiber from Ficus benjamina L. aerial root for a potential polymeric composite reinforcement
Authors: Mohan Sergius Joe , Devasahayam Prince Sahaya Sudherson , Suyambulingam Indran , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe demand of plant fibers is increasing day by day due to the worldwide acceptance of natural plant fibers for various applications in a variety of sectors. However, the identification of suitable plant fibers with superior properties is the need of the hour in the context of developing more eco‐friendly, renewable, cost‐effective, and fiber‐based materials. This study was designed with the intention of identifying suitability of Ficus benjamina L. aerial root fiber (FBRF) as a potential reinforcement for composite structures. The fundamental physicochemical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological features were investigated to explore the potentiality of FBRF. This study was advantageous in finding the occurrence of fiber in aerial root, fiber position, and characteristics of fibrous cells. The density analysis proved that the fiber possessed a relatively low density (1175 ± 22.14 kg/m3), which shows its lightweight applicability. High cellulose content (64.48%) and crystallinity index (55.17%) observed for tested fibers in turn enhanced the thermal and mechanical behavior of the fiber. The tensile strength of 292.66 ± 12.32 MPa and thermal stability of 330°C were worthy for considering it for high‐temperature processing and applications. The investigation of surface properties revealed that FBRF partake good surface roughness, which offers good fiber–matrix interfacial bonding. Hence, this study endorses further use of FBRF as a good reinforcement for composite manufacturing.