bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timing and outcome of bystanders treatment in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with multiple aneurysms
Authors: Sturiale Carmelo Lucio , Auricchio Anna Maria , Stifano Vito , Maugeri Rosario , Albanese Alessio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In case of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) associated with multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIAs), the main goal of acute treatment is securing the source of bleeding (index aneurysm). Indications and timing of bystanders treatment are instead still debated as the risk of new SAHs in patients harboring MIAs is not yet established. However, even if technically feasible, a simultaneous management of all aneurysms remains questionable, especially for safety issues. We retrospectively reviewed our last 5-year experience with SAH patients harboring MIAs entered in a clinic-radiological monitoring for bystanders follow-up in order to evaluate the occurrence of morphological changes, bleeding events, and safety and efficacy of a delayed treatment. We included 39 patients with mean age of 59.5 ± 12.2 years who survived a SAH. Among them, 14 underwent treatment, whereas 25 continued follow-up. The mean time between index and bystanders treatment was 14.3 ± 19.2 months. Patients undergoing bystanders treatment were mainly female and in general younger than patients undergoing observation. No cases of growth or bleeding were observed among bystanders within the two groups during the follow-up, which was longer than 1 year for the intervention group, and almost 40 months for the observation group. No major complications and mRS modifications were observed after bystanders treatment. Our data seem to suggest that within the short follow-up, intervention and observation seem to be likewise safe for bystander aneurysms, showing at the same time that a delayed management presents a similar risk profile of treating unruptured aneurysms in patients with no previous history of SAH.
Can the enemy release hypothesis explain the success of Rumex (Polygonaceae) species in an introduced range?
Authors: Costan Cristian-Andrei , Godsoe William K. , Bufford Jennifer L. , Marris John W. M. , Hulme Philip E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe enemy release hypothesis states that introduced plants have a competitive advantage due to their release from co-evolved natural enemies (i.e., herbivores and pathogens), which allows them to spread rapidly in new environments. This hypothesis has received mixed support to date, but previous studies have rarely examined the herbivore community, plant damage, and performance simultaneously and largely ignored below-ground herbivores. We tested for enemy release by conducting large scale field surveys of insect diversity and abundance in both the native (United Kingdom) and introduced (New Zealand) ranges of three dock (Rumex, Polygonaceae) species:R. conglomeratusMurray (clustered dock),R.crispusL. (curly dock) andR. obtusifoliusL. (broad-leaved dock). We captured both above- and below-ground insect herbivores, measured herbivore damage, and plant biomass as an indicator for performance. In the introduced range,Rumexplants had a lower diversity of insect herbivores, all insect specialists present in the native range were absent and plants had lower levels of herbivore damage on both roots and leaves. Despite this, onlyR. crispushad greater fresh weight in the introduced range compared to the native range. This suggests that enemy release, particularly from below-ground herbivores, could be a driver for the success ofR. crispusplants in New Zealand, but not forR. conglomeratusandR. obtusifolius.
Global biomass supply modeling for long-run management of the climate system
Authors: Rose Steven K. , Popp Alexander , Fujimori Shinichiro , Havlik Petr , Weyant John , Wise Marshall , van Vuuren Detlef , Brunelle Thierry , Cui Ryna Yiyun , Daioglou Vassilis , Frank Stefan , Hasegawa Tomoko , Humpenöder Florian , Kato Etsushi , Sands Ronald D. , Sano Fuminori , Tsutsui Junichi , Doelman Jonathan , Muratori Matteo , Prudhomme Rémi , Wada Kenichi , Yamamoto Hiromi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bioenergy is projected to have a prominent, valuable, and maybe essential, role in climate management. However, there is significant variation in projected bioenergy deployment results, as well as concerns about the potential environmental and social implications of supplying biomass. Bioenergy deployment projections are market equilibrium solutions from integrated modeling, yet little is known about the underlying modeling of the supply of biomass as a feedstock for energy use in these modeling frameworks. We undertake a novel diagnostic analysis with ten global models to elucidate, compare, and assess how biomass is supplied within the models used to inform long-run climate management. With experiments that isolate and reveal biomass supply modeling behavior and characteristics (costs, emissions, land use, market effects), we learn about biomass supply tendencies and differences. The insights provide a new level of modeling transparency and understanding of estimated global biomass supplies that informs evaluation of the potential for bioenergy in managing the climate and interpretation of integrated modeling. For each model, we characterize the potential distributions of global biomass supply across regions and feedstock types for increasing levels of quantity supplied, as well as some of the potential societal externalities of supplying biomass. We also evaluate the biomass supply implications of managing these externalities. Finally, we interpret biomass market results from integrated modeling in terms of our new understanding of biomass supply. Overall, we find little consensus between models on where biomass could be cost-effectively produced and the implications. We also reveal model specific biomass supply narratives, with results providing new insights into integrated modeling bioenergy outcomes and differences. The analysis finds that many integrated models are considering and managing emissions and land use externalities of supplying biomass and estimating that environmental and societal trade-offs in the form of land emissions, land conversion, and higher agricultural prices are cost-effective, and to some degree a reality of using biomass, to address climate change.
Auctions: A New Method for Selling Objects with Bimodal Density Functions
Authors: Castro Javier , Espínola Rosa , Gutiérrez Inmaculada , Gómez Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper we define a new auction, called the Draw auction. It is based on the implementation of a draw when a minimum price of sale is not reached. We find that a Bayesian Nash equilibrium is reached in the Draw auction when each player bids his true personal valuation of the object. Furthermore, we show that the expected profit for the seller in the Draw auction is greater than in second-price auctions, with or without minimum price of sale. We make this affirmation for objects whose valuation can be modeled as a bimodal density function in which the first mode is much greater than the second one. Regarding the Myerson auction, we show that the expected profit for the seller in the Draw auction is nearly as good as the expected profit in the optimal auction, with the difference that our method is much more simple to implement than Myerson’s one. All these results are shown by computational tests, for whose development we have defined an algorithm to calculate Myerson auction.
Driving factors of e-waste recycling rate in 30 European countries: new evidence using a panel quantile regression of the EKC hypothesis coupled with the STIRPAT model
Authors: Boubellouta Bilal , Kusch-Brandt Sigrid 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecycling of e-waste (waste electrical and electronic equipment) represents an important abatement of pressure on the environment, but recycling rates are still low. This study builds on common environmental economics approaches to identify the main driving forces of the e-waste recycling rate. The environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis was applied in the context of the STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology) model to analyze data from 30 European countries over the period 2008–2018. Panel quantile regression was conducted to determine the relationship between e-waste recycling rate and economic growth, population, population density, energy intensity, energy efficiency, credit to private sector and e-waste collected. Strong evidence was found that the relationship between economic growth and e-waste recycling rate is an N-shaped curve, i.e., the e-waste recycling rate first increases with economic growth, then decreases in maturing economies and in mature economies starts increasing again as the economy continues to grow. In addition to the economic development stage of a country, e-waste collection was identified as an important determinant of the e-waste recycling rate, regardless of whether the already achieved recycling rate was low, medium or high. In all models, a rise of the collected e-waste quantity was linked to an increase in the recycling rate. Therefore, expanding e-waste collection represents a priority task for policy makers to achieve high e-waste recycling rates. Population, energy intensity and credit to private sector also had an impact and in tendency displayed a negative effect on the e-waste recycling rate; however, the impact of these variables was more relevant for countries with particularly low e-waste recycling rates.
Effect of crop rotation and straw application in combination with mineral nitrogen fertilization on soil carbon sequestration in the Thyrow long-term experiment Thy_D5
Authors: Kroschewski Bärbel , Richter Christel , Baumecker Michael , Kautz Timo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aims
The aim of study was to quantify the temporal change of soil organic carbon content in relation to agricultural management for a dry sandy arable soil and to derive the C sequestration potential.

Methods
We analyzed data from a long-term field experiment with three crop rotations of different cereal proportions, with two levels of straw application (removal/return) in combination with four mineral nitrogen rates (40 … 160 kg ha-1 yr-1). Treatments are arranged in a two-factorial block design with two replicates for each rotation. During the 24-year study period, grain and straw yield of two cereal test crops and soil organic carbon content in topsoil were determined annually from each plot.

Results
Soil organic carbon content was positively influenced by removing non-cereal crops from the rotation and – to a smaller extent – by straw application. Increasing mineral N-fertilization from 40 kg ha-1 yr-1 to higher rates increased grain yield of rye but not barley, increased straw yield of both cereals more, with no effect of higher straw yields on soil organic carbon content.

Conclusions
Despite the overall soil organic carbon content of the sandy soil under study is comparatively low, the results indicate that agricultural management has a relevant impact on soil carbon stocks. Straw return contributes to carbon sequestration even in rotations with a low potential for reproduction of organic matter. High mineral N-fertilization is not an adequate measure to sequester carbon in these soils.
100 years of Volkshochschule in Germany – 50 years of DVV International: Signposts for local and global comparative perspectives on adult learning and education
Authors: Hinzen Heribert , Meilhammer Elisabeth 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn 2019, German folk high schools – Volkshochschulen (vhs) – celebrated the centenary of their inclusion in the Constitution of the Weimar Republic in 1919, an era when they founded local centres in many parts of the country. Ever since, they have played an important part in the adult learning and education (ALE) sub-sector of the German education system, meanwhile reaching a participation level of almost 9 million learners per year. Under the umbrella of its national association Deutscher Volkshochschul-Verband (DVV), founded in 1953, the vhs offers courses in a variety of subjects and different forms through roughly 900 adult learning centres and almost 3,000 local branches. In 1969, DVV expanded its operations with the establishment of its own institute for international cooperation. DVV International, whose 50th anniversary coincided with the vhs centenary, has institutionalised the diversity and ever-growing scale of cross-border and global cooperation activities of the national association. Marking both anniversaries generated a kind of collective cultural memory which located the vhs in the institutional foundations of a democratic society, and paved the way to advance policy dialogue. At the same time, these anniversaries also fed into a marketing strategy to mobilise higher levels of support and participation. DVV International used the example of the evolution of the vhs system to demonstrate the importance of interventions for better policy, legislation and financing at local, national, regional and global levels. Activities throughout the anniversary year included high-level events, conferences and workshops, publications and studies. Based on these activities and outputs, the authors consider and compare commonalities and differences of ALE milestones in other countries and regions of the world, and their potential for learning from the past for the future.
Camera fusion for real-time temperature monitoring of neonates using deep learning
Authors: Lyra Simon , Rixen Jöran , Heimann Konrad , Karthik Srinivasa , Joseph Jayaraj , Jayaraman Kumutha , Orlikowsky Thorsten , Sivaprakasam Mohanasankar , Leonhardt Steffen , Hoog Antink Christoph 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe continuous monitoring of vital signs is a crucial aspect of medical care in neonatal intensive care units. Since cable-based sensors pose a potential risk for the immature skin of preterm infants, unobtrusive monitoring techniques using camera systems are increasingly investigated. The combination of deep learning–based algorithms and camera modalities such as RGB and infrared thermography can improve the development of cable-free methods for the extraction of vital parameters. In this study, a real-time approach for local extraction of temperatures on the body surface of neonates using a multi-modal clinical dataset was implemented. Therefore, a trained deep learning–based keypoint detector was used for body landmark prediction in RGB. Image registration was conducted to transfer the RGB points to the corresponding thermographic recordings. These landmarks were used to extract the body surface temperature in various regions to determine the central-peripheral temperature difference. A validation of the keypoint detector showed a mean average precision of 0.82. The registration resulted in mean absolute errors of 16.4 px (8.2 mm) forxand 22.4 px (11.2 mm) fory. The evaluation of the temperature extraction revealed a mean absolute error of 0.55 $$^{\circ }$$∘C. A final performance of 31 fps was observed on the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX module, which proves real-time capability on an embedded GPU system. As a result, the approach can perform real-time temperature extraction on a low-cost GPU module.Graphical abstract
Progress in the study of the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary sections in the Berchogur Depression (Mugodzhary Mountains, western Kazakhstan)
Authors: Nikolaeva Svetlana V. , Kulagina Elena I. , Mustapayeva Sezim N. , Alekseev Alexander S. , Gatovsky Yury A. , Denayer Julien , Ohar Viktor , Kurilenko Alena V. , Zhaimina Valentina Ja. , Mychko Eduard V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Devonian–Carboniferous boundary beds in the Berchogur (Birshogyr) sections in the Mugodzhary (Mugalzhary) Mountains in western Kazakhstan, known to contain various fossil groups, including ammonoids, conodonts, foraminifers, corals, crinoids, and trilobites, are re-examined. The siliciclastic-carbonate succession of the Zhangana Formation reveals the presence of several ammonoid, conodont, and foraminiferal zones. The succession contains the Acutimitoceras ammonoid Genozone, equivalent to the level of the Stockum ammonoid fauna of Germany, with the conodont Siphonodella sulcata appearing within the Genozone. The same beds show mass occurrences of the foraminifer Tournayellina pseudobeata. The study of the Berchogur sections began in the 1980s; these sections are among very few successions globally with ammonoids of the Acutimitoceras Genozone in association with conodonts and foraminifers. At that time, several outcrops in a small area in the upper reaches of Burtybai (Zhangansai) Creek and two boreholes drilled near the sections were studied, and new taxa of ammonoids, foraminifers, ostracods, conodonts, algae, and spores were described. New excavations in 2018–2020, in conjunction with a search for a new definition of the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary, provided abundant new information on these taxa, on the lithology, and on crinoids, trilobites, and corals. The exact position of marker fossils and lithological changes are documented in several sections along Burtybai Creek allowing an amended correlation with sections of the D–C boundary beds in Western Europe.
Impacts of Covid-19 interventions on air quality: evidence from Brazilian metropolitan regions
Authors: Silva F. C. , Silva D. H. , Zamprogna K. M. , Souza S. S. , Sell D. , Sabatini-Marques J. , Yigitcanlar T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic has negatively disrupted the way our economy and society functions. Nonetheless, there have also been some positive externalities of the pandemic on the environment. This paper aims to evaluate the concentration of nitrogen dioxide in Brazilian metropolitan regions after the policies adopted to confront Covid-19. In terms of methodological approach, the study employs cross-sectional quantitative analyses to compare the period of 36 days, i.e., 12 March to 16 April—before (in 2019) and after (in 2020) the pandemic declaration. The data were obtained from the Sentinel 5-P low-Earth polar satellite concerning Brazilian metropolitan regions (n = 24). Thorough spatial and statistical analyses were undertaken to identify the pre- and during pandemic nitrogen dioxide concentrations. Complementarily, Spearman’s correlation test was performed with variables that impact air quality. The study results a fall in nitrogen dioxide concentration levels in 21 of the 24 metropolitan regions which was observed. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient between the nitrogen dioxide variation and the vehicle density was 0.485, at a significance level of 0.05. With these findings in mind, the paper advocates that while the pandemic has a significant negative consequence on the health of population globally, a series of measures that result in a new social organization directly interfere in the reduction of air pollution that contributes to the quality of the air we breathe.
Eine Körperausstreichung beeinflusst das Pusher-Syndrom bei Schlaganfallbetroffenen
Authors: Schmidt-Maciejewski Bianca 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Etwa jeder zehnte Schlaganfallbetroffene zeigt ein Pusher-Syndrom. Dies beeinträchtigt die Vertikalitätswahrnehmung der Betroffenen, was mit einer permanenten Angst zu fallen einhergeht. Reflektorisch drücken sich die Betroffenen auf ihre gelähmte Körperseite. Korrekturversuche von außen rufen starken Widerstand hervor. Es resultiert eine reelle körperliche Instabilität. Pflegerisch-therapeutische Bewegungsangebote werden erschwert, was den Rehabilitationsverlauf verlängert und das Outcome reduziert. Bisher fehlen multiprofessionell anwendbare Interventionen, welche die Pusher-Symptomatik nachhaltig reduzieren.

Ziel
Die hier vorgestellte Studie überprüft, ob die neurophysiologische Körperausstreichung die posturale Vertikale von Betroffenen des Pusher-Syndroms beeinflussen kann.

Methode
Bei n = 11 vom Pusher-Syndrom Betroffenen wird an 10 aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen eine neurophysiologische Körperausstreichung durchgeführt. Zuvor finden ein Screening mittels Scale of Contraversive Pushing (SCP) sowie eine Winkelvermessung der Unterschenkelabweichung in Bezug zur Rumpfmittellinie der Betroffenen statt. Die Messung wird täglich an 3 Zeitpunkten nach der Ausstreichung (direkt postinterventionell, +10 min und +60 min) wiederholt. Das Scale-of-Contraversive-Pushing-Screening wird ausschließlich präinterventionell sowie am letzten Interventionstag durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Der Wilcoxon-Test (z = −2,943; p = 0,001) und der Friedman-Test (Chi2 (10) ≥ 36,45; p = 0,001) bestätigen der Intervention eine signifikante Reduktion der Pusher-Symptomatik.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Körperausstreichung reduziert deutlich die Pusher-Symptomatik. Die Ergebnisse sollten jedoch in einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie überprüft werden.
Mathematical models of leukaemia and its treatment: a review
Authors: Chulián S. , Martínez-Rubio Á. , Rosa M. , Pérez-García V. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLeukaemia accounts for around 3% of all cancer types diagnosed in adults, and is the most common type of cancer in children of paediatric age (typically ranging from 0 to 14 years). There is increasing interest in the use of mathematical models in oncology to draw inferences and make predictions, providing a complementary picture to experimental biomedical models. In this paper we recapitulate the state of the art of mathematical modelling of leukaemia growth dynamics, in time and response to treatment. We intend to describe the mathematical methodologies, the biological aspects taken into account in the modelling, and the conclusions of each study. This review is intended to provide researchers in the field with solid background material, in order to achieve further breakthroughs in the promising field of mathematical biology.
A systematic review of homomorphic encryption and its contributions in healthcare industry
Authors: Munjal Kundan , Bhatia Rekha 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCloud computing and cloud storage have contributed to a big shift in data processing and its use. Availability and accessibility of resources with the reduction of substantial work is one of the main reasons for the cloud revolution. With this cloud computing revolution, outsourcing applications are in great demand. The client uses the service by uploading their data to the cloud and finally gets the result by processing it. It benefits users greatly, but it also exposes sensitive data to third-party service providers. In the healthcare industry, patient health records are digital records of a patient’s medical history kept by hospitals or health care providers. Patient health records are stored in data centers for storage and processing. Before doing computations on data, traditional encryption techniques decrypt the data in their original form. As a result, sensitive medical information is lost. Homomorphic encryption can protect sensitive information by allowing data to be processed in an encrypted form such that only encrypted data is accessible to service providers. In this paper, an attempt is made to present a systematic review of homomorphic cryptosystems with its categorization and evolution over time. In addition, this paper also includes a review of homomorphic cryptosystem contributions in healthcare.