bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tall Fescue Sod Production with Plastic Netting1
Authors: Carrow Robert N. , Sills Melanie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Good quality sod of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) was produced in 4.5 months with spring seeding and 9 months with fall seeding. A high seeding rate (40 g/m2) resulted in turf shoot competition during the early establishment period and increased the severity of Helminthosporium leaf spot. However, the high seeding rate produced a sod with increased quality, turf cover, and sod strength.
W-71, W-115, W-119, W-125, W-149, and W-154 Sweet Potato Germplasm with Multiple Insect and Disease Resistances1
Authors: Jones Alfred , Dukes P. D. , Schalk J. M. , Mullen M. A. , Hamilton M. G. , Paterson D. R. , Boswell T. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Six sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) breeding lines, W-71, W-115, W-119, W-125, W-149 and W-154, possessing moderate levels of resistance to the sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers), in combination with resistances to other released. They have dark orange flesh, relatively high yields and generally acceptable canning and baking qualities.
Utilization of Vegetable Germplasm
Authors: Bliss F. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe germplasm for a cultivated crop is generally regarded as the gene pool of cultivars, species and genera that can be utilized as sources of additional genetic variation for crop improvement. When developing strategies for the optimum use of vegetable germplasm, several problems not found in field crops, ornamentals and fruits should be considered. In vegetables, a part of the immature plant is often utilized. Because it is still physiologically immature, arbitrary judgments concerning time of harvest may greatly affect yield and quality, compared to crops in which the mature seeds are harvested. Second, unlike most ornamentals, tree fruits and small fruits, many vegetables are propagated by seed rather than asexually. An efficient means of stabilizing the commercial genotype(s) must be developed before widespread use is feasible.
Stimulating Growth of Quiescent Citrus Buds with 6-Benzylamino Purine1
Authors: Nauer E. M. , Boswell S. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Application of 6-benzylamino purine (BA) to quiescent citrus buds generally increased the percentage of buds to initiate active growth. Results of 2 years’ experimentation were highly variable and revealed several factors, such as season and cultivar, which influence the efficacy of BA for stimulating citrus buds into growth. BA was more effective outdoors and in a screenhouse than in a greenhouse. There was appreciable variation among several citrus cultivars. Early spring applications in a commercial citrus nursery were more effective than late spring or summer applications with ‘Owari’ satsuma (Citrus reticulata Blanco) budded on Troyer citrange (Ponci-rus trifoliata [L.] Raf. × C. sinensis [L.] Osbeck) rootstock.
Pear Scion/Rootstock Influence on Root Suckering1
Authors: Larsen Fenton E , Fritts Robert 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Root suckering was evaluated in an experimental block of ‘Bartlett’ and ‘Anjou’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) planted in 1965 on 8 rootstocks. Suckering was influenced by the scion cultivar as well as the rootstock. Suckering was heavy with both scions on clonal Old Home (Talent strain) roots, heavy with ‘Anjou’/unselected, unnumbered Old Home x ‘Farmingdale’ (OH x F), moderate with ‘BartlettVimported French seedling and OH x F, low with ‘Anjou’/imported French seedling and zero to low with both scions on Bartlett, Winter Nelis, Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim., P. calleryana Decne., and P. betulaefolia Bunge.
Fruit Development in Rabbiteye Blueberry Cultivars1
Authors: Spiers J. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fruit growth and development of 6 rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) cultivars were measured from bloom date through harvest season. Fruit development was characterized by 3 divisions of growth: an early period of accelerated size increase, a second period with lesser increase in fruit size, and a third period with a greatly accelerated increase in fruit size which continued until fruit was mature. Fruit size in all cultivars was largest at the first harvest and smallest at the last harvest. Cultivar differences were evident in fruit size, fruit development, titratable acidity, and percent soluble solids.
An Improved Medium for Nutriculture Incorporating Arcillite1
Authors: Jaeger CH. , Hellmers H. , Teare I. D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max Merr.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), and marigold (Tagetes erects L.) produced 21%, 19% and 8% more dry weight, respectively, after 9 weeks when arcillite (Turface) was added to a gravel-venniculite medium. The addition of arcillite increased the available moisture holding capacity by 40%.
Liquid Nitrogen Preservation of Pollen from Tuber-bearing Solanum Species1,2
Authors: Towill Leigh E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In short-term exposure studies pollen from several tuber-bearing Solanum species retained high viability after rapid cooling in liquid nitrogen, provided the initial moisture content was less than 35–40%. Some pollen samples dried over anhydrous CaCl2 to low moisture levels required rehydration before assessing germination in vitro.
Yield Comparisons of Pickling Cucumber Cultivar Trials for Once-over Harvesting1
Authors: Ells James E. , McSay Ann E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The 3 common criteria used to express yields of pickling cucumber cultivars are fruit number, dollar value, and kilograms per hectare. In the current study, number offrait was shown to have the least fluctuation over the time when a single destructive harvest would be made and is suggested as the most accurate criterion for comparing yield of pickling cucumber cultivars.
Overcoming Seed Thermodormancy in a Heat Sensitive Romaine Lettuce by Seed Priming1
Authors: Cantliffe D. J. , Shuler K. D. , Gliedes A. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Seeds of ‘Valmaine’ romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were very sensitive to high temperature during laboratory germination. Priming seeds in −5.1 bar K3PO4 or polyethylene glycol osmotic solutions was more effective for increasing the germination rate over nonprimed seeds at 30°C than priming seeds in water. When planted in the field in 1978 and 1979, primed ‘Valmaine’ lettuce seeds emerged more rapidly and uniformly than nonprimed seeds. At harvest, plants from priming treatments which had emerged sooner, were at a more advanced and uniform stage of maturity than plants from nonprimed seeds.
Separation, Singulation, and Precision Planting of Germinated Seed1
Authors: Taylor A. G. , Searcy S. W. , Motes J. E. , Roth L. O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cabbage seed (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group cv. Golden Acre) germinated in aerated water went through a pre- and post-radicle emergence separation by specific gravity to separate germinated from nongerminated seed. The desired specific gravity solutions were made with maltrin 250 and water. The percent germinated seed after separation was 99.3; recovery of germinated seed was 95.1%. A metering system was developed to precision plant the germinated seed. Metering rates of 0.5 and 2.0 seed/second were tested in the laboratory and greenhouse. Laboratory tests resulted in 5.7% doubles and 4.9% skips at 2.0 seed/second. Greenhouse test seedling emergence test resulted in 8% doubles and 15.6% skips at the fast rate. Spacing uniformity was acceptable for all tests.
Effects of Light Intensity, Air Layering, and Water Stress on Leaf Diffusive Resistance and Incidence of Leafspotting in Ficus elastica1
Authors: Broschat Timothy K. , Donselman Henry M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A leafspot disorder of Ficus elastica Roxb. ‘Robusta’, previously reported as being caused by K deficiency, was induced experimentally by withholding water or growing plants in full sunlight. Leafspots formed on lower surfaces of recently matured leaves of containerized plants grown under the above conditions. Leafspotting was worse on sun-grown plants that were water stressed, air layered, or both. Leafspots were not observed on shade-grown plants which were not subjected to water stress. Leaf diffusive resistance was highly correlated with leafspot incidence, indicating that the most severely stressed leaves also had the most spots. In severely stressed plants, air layering increased the time required for stomatal reopening following irrigation from 24 to 48 hours, prolonging the water stress of leaves above the girdle. Air layering by girdling resulted in significantly more spotting on field-grown plants than air layering by vertically slitting the stem. Root development of air layers was comparable using either method of air layering.
Control of Plant Height and Flowering of Zinnia by Photoperiod and Growth Retardants1
Authors: Armitage A. M. , Bass R. E , Carlson W. H. , Ewart L. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Flowering time, plant height and weight of Zinnia elegans Jacq were reduced by 4 weeks of 9 hour photoperiods. Multiple application of butanedioic acid mono-2, 2 dimethyl-hydrazide (daminozide) reduced plant height and flower diameter but increased time to flower without affecting fresh weight while ancymidol restricted height and fresh weight but not time to flower.
History of Horticulture
Authors: Kessler George M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
I wish to call attention to a collection of reference notes and citations, now found in the Michigan State Univ. (MSU) Archives, that belonged to the late Fred Bradford. It appears that these handwritten notes had been made by Bradford while on the staff at MSU and later while at the USDA/Plant Introductions, Beltsville, Md. His references and citations on the history of horticulture and plant science are stored in folders, organized by country, and chronologically, more or less. They are written mainly in English, but some are in French or German. They were intended, it seems, for a book which never materialized.
Peach Germplasm and Breeding in China
Authors: Zai-long Li 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] originated in China, and according to ancient Chinese literature, the culture of the peach (tao) in China dates back at least 3000 years. Shi Jing, the book of songs written about 1000 bc, describes pink peach blossoms on the twigs and peach trees with ripe fruit in the orchard (1). These records infer that the peach was cultivated by the time of Zhou Dynasty, 3000 years ago.
Estimating Sample Size to Achieve Efficient Experiment Designs
Authors: Trout J. R. , Marini R. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Procedures are considered which allow the researcher to determine the number of experimental units required to achieve stated experimental objectives. It is proposed that, prior to obtaining estimates of sample sizes, the researcher must obtain estimates of the important factors which influence the experimental variation. Experimental situations considered are those which range from problems in which only one factor influences the experimental variability to a complex example in which several factors must be considered.
Airflow Characteristics of Sweet Potato Storage Containers
Authors: Abrams C. F. , Hammett Larry K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Interest in the use of molded plastic bins for harvesting and storing sweet potatoes prompted a study of their suitability as curing and storage containers. The airflow resistance characteristics of the containers in question were measured and compared with similarly measured characteristics of conventional wooden crates. The plastic bins were found to offer significantly higher resistance to airflow than did the conventional wooden crates, with the airflow through the wooden crate being 1.4 to 2.6 times greater, depending upon orientation, under the same test conditions.
Estimating Leaf Area for ‘Kakea’ and ‘Keaau’ Macadamia
Authors: Kobayashi Kent D. , Ueunten Gary R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Leaf areas of Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche cvs. Kakea and Keaau were estimated by equations involving linear dimensions length and width in second degree polynomials. The equations accurately estimated leaf area at 2 locations for each cultivar.
Influence of Storage Atmospheres and Procedures on 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Concentration in Relation to Flesh Firmness in ‘Golden Delicious’ Apple
Authors: Lau O. L. , Liu Y. , Yang S. F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Firmness loss, increase in 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) concentrations, and increase in internal ethylene concentrations were greatest in airstored fruit of ‘Golden Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) and lowest in controlled-atmosphere (CA)-stored fruit receiving a “rapid CA” or a “prestorage high carbon dioxide” storage procedure. Changes in apples kept in “slow CA” were intermediate. The accumulation of ACC in fruit was related closely to the subsequent flesh softening and increase in internal C2H4 concentration, and these processes were suppressed to different degrees in CA-stored fruit, depending on the storage procedures.
Comparison of 5 Poinsettia Cultivars Grown under Different Temperature Regimes
Authors: Albrecht Mary Lewnes , Ladd Donn L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Five cultivars of Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. were forced under 4 different temperature regimes. In comparison to plants grown at a continuous 18°C night temperature, reducing night temperature from 18° to 14° from 29 Sept, until 29 Oct. 1982 resulted in significantly fewer bracts. There was no reduction in bract area for ‘Annette Hegg Lady’ and ‘Annette Hegg Brilliant’ and the temperature reduction did not reduce bract number for ‘Eckespoint C-l’, ‘Annette Hegg Topwhite’, or ‘Gutbier V-10 Amy’. ‘Gutbier V-10 Amy’, however, exhibited an increase in the number of bracts initiated when grown at a reduced temperature during this period. Reducing the temperature to 14° from 29 Oct. until 30 Nov. resulted in a decrease in bract number, total bract area, and average bract size for all cultivars. Reducing night temperature from 29 Sept, until 30 Nov. was not beneficial.
Management of Preemergence Herbicides for Crabgrass Control in Transition-zone Turf
Authors: Dernoeden Peter H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was: (a) to determine effective dosages of preemergence herbicides for season-long crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl.] control in the transition zone; and (b) to determine if reduced rates of herbicides applied in subsequent years would provide satisfactory crabgrass control. A single application of bensulide (8.5 kg ha-1) provided effective (>90%) crabgrass control in all 3 years of the study. Oxadiazon (4.5 kg ha-1) effectively controlled crabgrass, and reducing the rate of oxadiazon to 2.2 kg ha-1 in the 2nd year, or reducing the rate to either 1.1 or 1.1 + 1.1 kg ha-1 in the 3rd year also gave excellent crabgrass control. Single and sequential applications of benefin did not provide satisfactory control in the initial year of use. Benefin applied at 2.2 + 2.2 kg ha-l provided acceptable control in the 2nd year, whereas it was not until the 3rd year that a single application (2.2 kg ha-1) was efficacious. The lowest effective dosage of DCPA was 8.4 + 8.4 kg ha-1; however, consistently good results were provided by 11.8 + 5.9 kg ha-1 of DCPA. Single and sequential applications of siduron did not effectively control crabgrass in any year.
‘Texstar’ Peach
Authors: Byrne D. H. , Kamas J. S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Texstar’ peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] was released by the Tex. Agr. Expt. Sta. to provide an early (45 days before ‘Elberta’), frost-hardy variety adapted to the mild winter areas of Texas. It is adapated to areas with about 450 hr of chilling temperatures at or below 7.2°C.
‘Florida VR 4’ Bell Pepper
Authors: Cook A. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Florida VR 4’ is a sweet bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) with resistances to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and all of the known potato-Y-type virus diseases, i.e., tobacco etch (TEV), potato Y (PYV), and pepper mottle (PMV), troublesome on pepper in Florida.
‘Schooley’s Yellow’ Penstemon
Authors: Lindgren D. T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The genus Penstemon is native to North America with the exception of one species (1). The species in this genus include most colors, with variation in height from a few centimeters to over 2 m, and may be annual, biennial, or perennial (1). ‘Schooley’s Yellow’ is a yellow-flowered selection of Penstemon barbatus (Cav.) Roth selected at the Univ. of Nebraska. This selection is being released for its ornamental value, yellow flowering characteristic, and for use as germplasm in other penstemon breeding and selection programs.
Observations on Buffalograss Sexual Characteristics and Potential for Seed Production Improvement
Authors: Wu Lin , Harvindi Ali H. , Gibeault Victor A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Three sex forms (dioecious, monoecious, and hermaphrodite) were found in a buffalograss population. The ratio of female : male : monoecious was found to be about 1 : 1 : 1. Monoecious plants and hermaphrodite flowers showed self-incompatibility. Cross-pollinated hermaphrodite flowers had about 50% seed set. A considerable variation in inflorescence height suggests that it has potential for selection and may be favorable for seed harvest.
Long-term Storage of Gladiolus Pollen
Authors: Koopowitz H. , Voss R. , O’Neil C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gladiolus pollen from the species Gladiolus alatus, G. debilis, G. guenzii, G. orchidiflorus, G. rodgersii, G. tristis, and G. undulatus can be frozen at -40°C, thawed, and still retain viability. Predried pollen was able to withstand repeated freezing and thawing better than pollen that was freshly frozen. Viability, as measured by seed production, started to decrease several days after thawing.
Simulated Transit Vibration and Silver Thiosulfate Applications Affect Ethylene Production and Leaf Abscission of Begonia and Schefflera
Authors: Auer Carol A. , McConnell D. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Vibrations of 0.02 gravitational force (g) at 4.1 cycles per second (cps) were applied to Begonia ‘Medora’ and Schefflera arboricola (Hayata) Merrill during 6 days of simulated transit. Vibration caused leaf abscission, necrotic leaf areas, and severed stem tips. Silver thiosulfate (STS), applied as a previbration foliar spray (0, 0.28, 0.56, 1.12, mM silver), increased leaf abscission of begonias but not scheffleras during simulated transit. Ethylene emanation from stem tips of both species increased as STS concentration increased. Ethylene emanation from stem tips was not affected by vibration. During 4 weeks of simulated retail holding, STS decreased begonia leaf abscission.
Abnormal Needle Morphology in Loblolly Pine Induced by Low Humidity
Authors: Seiler J. R. , Johnson J. D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Abnormal needle tip curling was induced by low humidity in 4 half-sib families of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) grown in a growth chamber. The injury developed on new growth on both 12-week-old and 1-year old seedlings when plants were maintained under 30% ± 5% relative humidity with a 16-hour photoperiod, 23°C light period and 17° dark period. Very little injury developed on plants maintained at 70% ±5% relative humidity. Significantly more needle tip curling occurred on seedlings grown from seed collected in Texas than in seed collected from Virginia.
Types of Citrus ichangensis in Southwest China
Authors: Kiang C. K. , Zu-Zhao Jin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In Sichuan, China, 3 different types of Citrus ichangensis (Swingle) with mono-winged petioles and 1 type with tri-winged petioles have been found. Among 3 types with mono-winged petioles are an early-blooming type with white flowers, an intermediate-blooming type with purple flowers, and a late-blooming type with light purple flowers. The tri-winged petiole type is more cold-hardy than any other type of C. ichangensis growing in this area.
The Influence of Summer Pruning Current-season Shoots on Growth, Floral Bud Development, and Winter Injury of Mature Peach Trees
Authors: Rom Curt R. , Ferree David C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Current season shoots of 5-year-old ‘Redhaven’ peach trees were pruned in half on 1 July, 1 Aug., or both dates (50, 80 days after growth shoot initiation). Pruning reduced current season shoot length compared to unpruned shoots, but only 1 July pruning reduced current season shoot diameter, and increased lateral shoot growth. All pruning treatments reduced flower bud number proportional to shoot length removed; however, 1 Aug. pruning increased flower bud density per node. The previous summer season pruning did not influence the amount of winter injury on 1-year-old shoots after exposure to severe winter temperatures (-27.8°C). Summer pruning did not influence number of new shoots formed the following spring.
Net Gas Exchange by Leaves of Intact and Excised Apple Shoots as Influenced by Vapor Pressure Gradient
Authors: Schaffer Bruce , Bubenheim David L. , Barden John A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Net photosynthesis (Pn), transpiration (Tr), and stomatal conductance for CO2 (gs) were determined at 26° ± 1°C for leaves on intact and excised apple shoots at different vapor pressure gradients (VPG’s). Pn, Tr, and gs of leaves on intact and excised shoots responded similarly to changes in VPG. Pn and gs were not affected directly by VPG. Tr increased as VPG increased since stomatal closure did not counterbalance the increased VPG.
Inheritance of Resistance to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Derived from Lycopersicon cheesmanii and Lycopersicon hirsutum
Authors: Hassan A. A. , Mazayd H. M. , Moustafa S. E. , Nassar S. H. , Nakhla M. K. , Sims W. L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Inheritance of resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was studied in the interspecific crosses Lycopersicon escutentum Mill. cv. UC 82 x Lycopersicon cheesmanii ssp. minor (Hook) C.H. Mill. LA 1401, and Lycopersicon esculentum cv. VF 145-B-7879 x Lycopersicon hirsutum Humb. and Bonpl. LA 386. Genetic populations were artificially inoculated with TYLCV prior to transplanting, and were later evaluated under field conditions. Reaction of parents, F2 and F3 plants, and backcrosses of resistant F2 plants to UC 82, indicated that resistance derived from L. cheesmanii seems to be recessive. Narrow sense heritability (NSH) was 0.44. Reaction of parental F1, F2, and backcross plants indicated that resistance derived from L. hirsutum is dominant and controlled by more than one gene.
Inheritance of Resistance to Watermelon Mosaic Virus 1 in Cucumber
Authors: Wang Y.-J. , Provvidenti R. , Robinson R. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In crosses between Cucumis sativus cv. Surinam, resistant to watermelon mosaic virus 1 (WMV-1), and the susceptible line Wisconsin 2757, resistance was inherited as a monogenic recessive. The symbol wmv-1-1 was assigned to the gene. ‘Surinam’ responds to WMV-1 infection with a mild systemic mottle, usually confined to 1 or 2 leaves.
Direito à Desconexão em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Shiguemitsu Fujita Jorge , Rebelo Nogueira Guercio Cilene 
Published: September 2022

Este artigo tem como tema o direito à desconexão em tempos de pandemia e, como objetivo, analisar a necessidade da desconexão dos trabalhadores, em especial, durante o isolamento imposto pela pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Em termos metodológicos, a pesquisa adotou o enfoque dedutivo com o intuito de compreender os efeitos da falta de desconexão na vida e na saúde dos trabalhadores, bem como seus reflexos na sociedade. O estudo aponta como principais resultados a necessidade de fomentar políticas de desconexão nas empresas, com regulamentação por parte do Estado, concluindo que o direito à desconexão está alçado à garantia constitucional, como um direito ligado à dignidade da pessoa humana a ser tutelado.