bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precise method for accuracy and sensitivity improvement of a current mirror for very low current measurement on a dissolved oxygen biosensor
Authors: Umar Lazuardi , Setiadi Rahmondia N , Linda Tetty M , Arfianti Arfianti 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dissolved oxygen measurements using an electrochemical biosensor and conventional current mirror with accurate results and the desired sensitivity are difficult to achieve, though this type of current mirror is used frequently to processbiosensor signals, providing a good response. However, it exhibits some drawbacks particularly due to mismatched transistors, which will lead to asymmetry between input and output currents. This asymmetry causes unwanted offset and gain error, reducing its accuracy, especially at very low current. A modified current mirror utilizing precise gate voltage adjustment of FETs is applied to match the transistors’ currents. The results show accuracy improvement of the modified current mirror compared to the conventional current mirror, where the improvements provide a very low accuracy error of 0.01%. In addition, the current mirror’s sensitivity can be adjusted by implementing this modification without increasing noise significantly.
Accelerated cardiac cine MRI using spatiotemporal correlation-based hybrid plug-and-play priors (SEABUS)
Authors: Zhu Qingyong , Liu Bei , Cui Zhuo-Xu , Cheng Jing , Cao Chentao , Liu Yuanyuan , Liang Dong , Zhu Yanjie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective. The plug-and-play prior (P3) can be flexibly coupled with multiple iterative optimizations, which has been successfully applied to the inverse problems of medical imaging. In this work, for accelerated cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging (CC-MRI), the Spatiotemporal corrElAtion-based hyBrid plUg-and-play priorS (SEABUS) integrating a local P3 and a nonlocal P3 are introduced. Approach. Specifically, the local P3 enforces pixelwise edge-orientation consistency by conducting reference frame guided multiscale orientation projection on a subset containing a few adjacent frames; the nonlocal P3 constrains the cubewise anatomic-structure similarity by performing cube matching and 4D filtering (CM4D) on all frames. By using effectively a composite splitting algorithm (CSA), SEABUS is incorporated into a fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm and a new accelerated CC-MRI approach named SEABUS-FCSA is proposed. Main results. The experiment and algorithm analysis demonstrate the efficiency and potential of the proposed SEABUS-FCSA approach, which has the best performance in terms of reducing aliasing artifacts and capturing dynamic features in comparison with several state-of-the-art accelerated CC-MRI technologies. Significance. Our approach aims to propose a new hybrid P3 based iterative algorithm, which is not only used to improve the quality of accelerated cardiac cine imaging but also extend the FCSA methodology.
Gravothermal evolution of dark matter halos with differential elastic scattering
Authors: Yang Daneng , Yu Hai-Bo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study gravothermal evolution of dark matter halos in the presence of differential self-scattering that has strong velocity and angular dependencies. We design controlled N-body simulations to model Rutherford and Møller scatterings in the halo, and follow its evolution in both core-expansion and -collapse phases. The simulations show the commonly-used transfer cross section underestimates the effects of dark matter self-interactions, but the viscosity cross section provides an accurate approximation for modeling angular-dependent dark matter scattering. We investigate thermodynamic properties of the halo, and find that the three moments of the Boltzmann equation under the fluid approximation are satisfied. We further propose a constant effective cross section, which integrates over the halo's characteristic velocity dispersion with weighting kernels motivated by kinetic theory of heat conduction. The effective cross section provides a good approximation to differential self-scattering for most of the halo evolution. It indicates that we can map astrophysical constraints on a constant self-interacting cross section to an SIDM model with velocity- and angular-dependent scatterings.
A charge-integration pixel readout chip features IR-drop effect mitigation by distributed LDOs
Authors: Li M. , Wei W. , Jiang X. , Cui S. , Zhang J. , Lu B. , Liu Z. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
HYLITE (High dYnamic range free electron Laser Imaging
deTEctor) is a charge-integration pixel detector readout chip, which
is designed for SHINE (Shanghai high repetition rate XFEL and
extreme light facility). The targeting pixel array of a full-size
chip is 128 × 128 with a pixel pitch of 100 μm. The
dynamic range of HYLITE is 1 ∼ 10000 photons at 12 keV, and
the frame rate is 10 kHz. Large array size, high dynamic range, and
high readout speed result in a big challenge of large power
consumption and a significant IR-Drop effect.

We implemented HYLITE0.2, which is the second prototype chip
fabricated in a CMOS 130 nm process. Compared with HYLITE0.1,
HYLITE0.2 aims to implement a full-function chip with a further
shrunk pixel size, while the foreseen problem of severe IR-Drop
effect of the full-size chip must be solved. To mitigate the IR-Drop
effect, we proposed a novel architecture of distributed in-array
Low-Dropout Regulators (LDOs). The pixel array consists of
16 × 24 pixels, and the full functionality was implemented
within a pixel pitch of 100 μm. Measurements show that pixels
powered by the proposed architecture work well, and the gain
gradient of those pixels is 31.8% of the pixels powered by the
conventional architecture.
A novel design of a passive variable stiffness soft robotic gripper
Authors: Shan Yu , Zhao Yanzhi , Pei Changlei , Yu Hongnian , Liu Pengcheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Inspired by the twisting and hanging phenomenon of vines, this paper proposes and designs a passive variable stiffness soft robotic gripper to grasp an object in a simple and robust manner using the principle of jamming. This method has the characteristics of high reliability and good stability, which can achieve soft grasping and rigid load-bearing of the object. Firstly, according to two key issues, the design model of the gripper is proposed, the principle of the proposed gripper is analyzed, and the relationship between the stiffness of the gripper and the stiffness of the object is revealed. Secondly, the model of the robotic gripper is created using a conventional motor drive method, and the grasping process and deformation causes of the gripper are analyzed by using the principle of instability effect and large deformation principle. Finally, the experimental prototype is developed and the feasibility of the design principle and the grasping deformation process of the gripper are verified by gripping experiments.
Similarity reductions of peakon equations: integrable cubic equations
Authors: Barnes L E , Hone A N W , Senthilvelan M , Stalin S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider the scaling similarity solutions of two integrable cubically nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) that admit peaked soliton (peakon) solutions, namely the modified Camassa–Holm (mCH) equation and Novikov’s equation. By making use of suitable reciprocal transformations, which map the mCH equation and Novikov’s equation to a negative mKdV flow and a negative Sawada–Kotera flow, respectively, we show that each of these scaling similarity reductions is related via a hodograph transformation to an equation of Painlevé type: for the mCH equation, its reduction is of second order and second degree, while for Novikov’s equation the reduction is a particular case of Painlevé V. Furthermore, we show that each of these two different Painlevé-type equations is related to the particular cases of Painlevé III that arise from analogous similarity reductions of the Camassa–Holm and the Degasperis–Procesi equation, respectively. For each of the cubically nonlinear PDEs considered, we also give explicit parametric forms of their periodic travelling wave solutions in terms of elliptic functions. We present some parametric plots of the latter, and, by using explicit algebraic solutions of Painlevé III, we do the same for some of the simplest examples of scaling similarity solutions, together with descriptions of their leading order asymptotic behaviour.
On general-n coefficients in series expansions for row spin–spin correlation functions in the two-dimensional Ising model
Authors: Shrock Robert 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider spin–spin correlation functions for spins along a row, R

n
= ⟨σ
0,0
σ

n,0⟩, in the two-dimensional Ising model. We discuss a method for calculating general-n expressions for coefficients in high-temperature and low-temperature series expansions of R

n
and apply it to obtain such expressions for several higher-order coefficients. In addition to their intrinsic interest, these results could be useful in the continuing quest for a nonlinear ordinary differential equation whose solution would determine R

n
, analogous to the known nonlinear ordinary differential equation whose solution determines the diagonal correlation function ⟨σ
0,0
σ

n,n
⟩ in this model.
Development and potential environmental impact of Photonic Meta-Concrete
Authors: Adams N , Allacker K , Dolado J S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the overall aim to reduce the heat-island-effect in cities and the related use of conventional air-conditioners, which now account for 7% of global greenhouse gas emissions and 10% of the total energy consumption, a Photonic Meta-Concrete (PMC) is currently being developed. This “MIRACLE” concrete is designed to contain remarkable photonic properties to make daytime radiative cooling possible. With these characteristics, the PMC can be used to fight global warming, reduce the CO2 footprint and mitigate the heat-island-effect. This paper describes the principal working of the new PMC and presents the first results of the development. In the first stage, the most appropriate composition of the concrete mixture is searched for. This is done by trying to develop a mixture with the desired photonic properties, a high emissivity in the Atmospheric Window (AW) and a high reflectivity to minimize solar gains. A range of composites are tested and compared within this step. Secondly, an environmental impact assessment (EIA) study is performed along the development of the PMC in order to support decision taking. The resources and energy needed to create the concrete mixture are analysed from cradle-to-gate and a comparison with conventional concrete is made to investigate the impact of this new material. This EIA study is performed according to the EC PEF (Product Environmental Footprint) method, a broad set of indicators are assessed, including climate change. Considering such a large set of indicators ensures that burden shifting is avoided.
Narratives and HVAC systems – why universities demolish and refurbish buildings
Authors: Jensen L B , Bergeron E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It has been a wide spread argument that existing buildings should be demolished to give way for more energy efficient ones (in terms of operation of buildings). However, from a Co2 emission perspective considered over a 50-year lifespan it will in most cases still be more sustainable to refurbish an existing building even though the HVAC system will be less efficient. The embodied energy in existing buildings holds a societal value due to a potential avoided CO2 emission, in the same way as buildings holds cultural heritage value, precious to a society. Recent research points to the fact that buildings with a good SAVE value are seldom demolished. In this paper Adaptive Reuse in American Universities is explored with a perspective to decision processes. At University Campi the percentage of buildings with good SAVE value is high, however buildings are still being demolished. Through two case studies a mapping of the decision process and thereby the arguments for adaptive reuse and refurbishment as well as demolition is demonstrated. Through 17 semi structured interviews the ideas and preferences amongst decision makers are exposed and discussed, revealing arguments for demolishing one listed building, while preservation another.
Characterization of spatiotemporal couplings with far-field beamlet cross-correlation
Authors: Smartsev Slava , Tata Sheroy , Liberman Aaron , Adelberg Michael , Mohanty Arujash , Levine Eitan Y , Seemann Omri , Wan Yang , Kroupp Eyal , Lahaye Ronan , Thaury Cédric , Malka Victor 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present a novel, straightforward method for the characterization of spatiotemporal couplings (STCs) in ultra-short laser pulses. The method employs far-field interferometry and inverse Fourier transform spectroscopy, built on the theoretical basis derived in this paper. It stands out in its simplicity: it requires few non-standard optical elements and simple analysis algorithms. This method was used to measure the space-time intensity of our 100 TW class laser and to test the efficacy of a refractive doublet as a suppressor of pulse front curvature (PFC). The measured low-order STCs agreed with ray-tracing simulations. In addition, we demonstrate a one-shot measurement technique, derived from our central method, which allows for quick and precise alignment of the compressor by pulse front tilt minimization and for optimal refractive doublet positioning for the suppression of PFC.
Extending the no objective testing rules to patients triaged by the European Society of Cardiology 0/1-hour algorithms
Authors: Ratmann Paul David , Boeddinghaus Jasper , Nestelberger Thomas , Lopez-Ayala Pedro , Huré Gabrielle , Gehrke Juliane , Koechlin Luca , Wildi Karin , Mueller Philip , Bima Paolo , Wussler Desiree , Gisler Nicolas , Miro Oscar , Martín-Sánchez F Javier , Christ Michael , Gualandro Danielle M , Twerenbold Raphael , Gimenez Maria Rubini , Keller Dagmar I , Buser Andreas , Mueller Christian ,   the APACE Investigators, Meier Mario , Puelacher Christian , Glarner Noemi , Sanchez Ana Yufera , Potlukova Eliska , Badertscher Patrick , Freese Michael , Strebel Ivo , Rentsch Katharina , López Beatriz , Martinez-Nadal Gemma , Adrada Esther Rodriguez , von Eckardstein Arnold , Morawiec Beata , Kawecki Damian , Muzyk Piotr , Bürgler Franz , Geigy Nicolas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Aims
After rule-out of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) with the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 0/1 h-algorithms, it is unclear which patients require further anatomical or functional cardiac testing. To test the safety and efficacy of the no-objective-testing (NOT)-rules after NSTEMI rule-out by the ESC 0/1 h-algorithms.

Methods and results
International, prospective, diagnostic multicentre study enrolling adult patients presenting with chest pain to the emergency department. Central adjudication of final diagnosis by two independent cardiologists using information including cardiac imaging. Primary endpoints were the safety and efficacy of the NOT-rules for the rule-out of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Secondary endpoints included 365-day and 2-year MACE. Among 4804 and 4569 patients with available 0/1 h high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn)T-Elecsys or hs-cTnI-Architect concentrations, 2783 (58%) and 2252 (49%) were eligible for application of the NOT-rules after rule-out of NSTEMI by the ESC hs-cTnT/I-0/1h-algorithm. The first rule identified 26% of patients with a sensitivity of 100% (95%CI 98.3–100%) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% (95% CI, n.c.). The second and third rules both identified 31% of patients with a sensitivity of 99.5% (95% CI 97.4–99.9%) and a NPV of 99.9% (95% CI 99.2–99.9%). Similar findings emerged for hs-cTnI. High safety was confirmed for rule-out of 365-day and 2-year MACE and proven to be superior to the HEART Score.

Conclusion
All three NOT-rules performed very well for rule-out of MACE. The third NOT-rule best balanced feasibility, safety, and efficacy by identifying nearly one out of three patients as low-risk and may not require further cardiac testing. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00470587
Gender and the long-run development process. A survey of the literature
Authors: Merouani Youssouf , Perrin Faustine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhy do certain countries display high gender equalities while others display low gender equalities? To what extent does gender equality foster economic growth and development? The past decade has witnessed a boom and increasing literature about the role played by women and gender in long-run economic development. The increasing awareness of economics and economic history have contributed to improve our understanding of the crucial role played by women in the process of economic development. This paper reviews the literature on the topic and opens the discussion on current challenges and avenues for future research.
yEvo: experimental evolution in high school classrooms selects for novel mutations that impact clotrimazole resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Taylor Matthew Bryce , Skophammer Ryan , Warwick Alexa R , Geck Renee C , Boyer Josephine M ,   yEvo Students, Walson Margaux , Large Christopher R L , Hickey Angela Shang-Mei , Rowley Paul A , Dunham Maitreya J 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Antifungal resistance in pathogenic fungi is a growing global health concern. Nonpathogenic laboratory strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are an important model for studying mechanisms of antifungal resistance that are relevant to understanding the same processes in pathogenic fungi. We have developed a series of laboratory modules in which high school students used experimental evolution to study antifungal resistance by isolating azole-resistant S. cerevisiae mutants and examining the genetic basis of resistance. We have sequenced 99 clones from these experiments and found that all possessed mutations previously shown to impact azole resistance, validating our approach. We additionally found recurrent mutations in an mRNA degradation pathway and an uncharacterized mitochondrial protein (Csf1) that have possible mechanistic connections to azole resistance. The scale of replication in this initiative allowed us to identify candidate epistatic interactions, as evidenced by pairs of mutations that occur in the same clone more frequently than expected by chance (positive epistasis) or less frequently (negative epistasis). We validated one of these pairs, a negative epistatic interaction between gain-of-function mutations in the multidrug resistance transcription factors Pdr1 and Pdr3. This high school–university collaboration can serve as a model for involving members of the broader public in the scientific process to make meaningful discoveries in biomedical research.
Values of a novel pyroptosis-related genetic signature in predicting outcome and immune status of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Xiang , Liang Jia-Hua , Li Jian-Hui , Xu Qiong-Cong , Yin Xiao-Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Pyroptosis is an emerging form of programmed cell death associated with progression in malignancies. Yet, there are few studies reporting on the association between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pyroptosis. Therefore, we aimed to construct a pyroptosis-related genetic signature to predict the clinical outcome and immune status in PDAC patients.

Methods
RNA-seq data of 176 PDAC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 167 PDAC patients from the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project were analysed for pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PDAC and normal pancreas. The risk signature of DEGs was analysed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis and its accuracy was validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort (n = 190). Functional enrichment analyses were performed to explore the mechanisms of the DEGs. The immune characteristics were evaluated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and ESTIMATE algorithms for each group.

Results
A nine-gene risk signature was generated from LASSO Cox regression analysis and classified PDAC patients into either a high- or low-risk group according to the median risk score. The high-risk group had significantly shorter overall survival than the low-risk group and it was verified in the external GEO database. A nomogram based on the risk signature was constructed and showed an ideal prediction performance. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that pyroptosis might regulate the tumor immune microenvironment in PDAC. Immune infiltration evaluation suggested that immune status was more activated in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group.

Conclusion
The risk signature encompassing nine pyroptosis-related genes may be a prognostic marker for PDAC. Pyroptosis might affect the prognosis of PDAC patients via regulating the tumor immune microenvironment.
Discovery of druggable cancer-specific pathways with application in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Trac Quang Thinh , Zhou Tingyou , Pawitan Yudi , Vu Trung Nghia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An individualized cancer therapy is ideally chosen to target the cancer’s driving biological pathways, but identifying such pathways is challenging because of their underlying heterogeneity and there is no guarantee that they are druggable. We hypothesize that a cancer with an activated druggable cancer-specific pathway (DCSP) is more likely to respond to the relevant drug. Here we develop and validate a systematic method to search for such DCSPs, by (i) introducing a pathway activation score (PAS) that integrates cancer-specific driver mutations and gene expression profile and drug-specific gene targets, (ii) applying the method to identify DCSPs from pan-cancer datasets, and (iii) analyzing the correlation between PAS and the response to relevant drugs. In total, 4,794 DCSPs from 23 different cancers have been discovered in the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database and validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Supporting the hypothesis, for the DCSPs in acute myeloid leukemia, cancers with higher PASs are shown to have stronger drug response, and this is validated in the BeatAML cohort. All DCSPs are publicly available at https://www.meb.ki.se/shiny/truvu/DCSP/.