bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habiter le Grand Paris : trois essais photographiques pour inventer un imaginaire partagé
Authors: Bertho Raphaële , Martouzet Denis 
Published: February 2022

L’émergence de l’entité du Grand Paris ces dix dernières années semble avoir, en retour, légitimé un questionnement sur les manières d’habiter, d’investir tant matériellement que symboliquement et affectivement ce territoire métropolitain issu d’une histoire contrastée. Des artistes photographes sont sollicités pour esquisser une représentation des identités territoriales bousculées par cette expansion symbolique, dans une dynamique marquée par des travaux développés suivant le principe de la participation des habitants, caractéristiques du social turn récent. Le corpus étudié ici est représentatif de ce courant contemporain de la fin des années 2010. Par-delà les spécificités de trois écritures photographiques, il s’agit de questionner ce type de dispositif créatif, les manières dont il révèle la construction et/ou la persistance d’un habiter de banlieue perturbé ou réactivé par l’invention du Grand Paris et, plus largement, comment il soulève des enjeux aux confins du social, de l’action publique et de l’esthétique.
La mise en lumière du conflit humain-goéland et sa gestion en France
Authors: Paulet Matiline , Bioret Frédéric 
Published: February 2022

En France, l’augmentation de l’effectif des goélands argentés et leucophées au XXe siècle sur le littoral atlantique et le littoral méditerranéen (Larus argentatus ; Larus michahellis) s’accompagne de leur expansion hors de leur site d’origine et d’une nidification dans les milieux urbains. Elle entraîne des conflits entre l’être humain et l’oiseau, d’abord avec les gestionnaires des espaces naturels et les conchyliculteurs puis avec les citadins qui se plaignent des nids sur leurs toits. Dans les années 1990, les municipalités mettent en place des dispositifs de gestion afin de contrôler le nombre de goélands en ville. L’article s’intéresse à la manière dont s’est construit ce « problème goéland » en France. Il étudie comment le goéland protégé par la loi et apprécié des habitants est devenu un oiseau contrôlé et régulé, considéré gênant et envahissant par les scientifiques et les citadins. Il s’agit de comprendre l’évolution des représentations du goéland et d’analyser comment les scientifiques, les gestionnaires et les municipalités se sont saisis de cette dynamique de populations de l’oiseau et de ces conflits entre humains et animaux. L’article permet de souligner l’importance de développer des recherches sur les communautés hybrides, constituées d’humains et de non-humains, afin que puissent coexister durablement sur un même territoire les Hommes et les goélands (Gramaglia, 2010).
Évaluer l’impact d’un changement d’échelle sur la durabilité des services d’eau : la méthode ABAFAD
Authors: Brochet  Antoine , Wittner Christophe 
Published: February 2022

L’enjeu de durabilité des services d’eau est désormais bien identifié par la littérature et fait l’objet de politiques publiques spécifiques. Pour autant, si un certain nombre d’outils proposent de rendre compte du caractère durable de la gestion d’un service, très peu de méthodologies offrent la possibilité d’évaluer l’impact des enjeux à venir. Or, du fait des caractéristiques sociotechniques des services d’eau potable, ces enjeux (renouvellement du patrimoine, normes environnementales, sécurisation de l’approvisionnement en eau, et cetera) apparaissent déterminants. Nous formalisons ici une méthode théorico-empirique baptisée "ABAFAD" qui propose d’évaluer l’impact de ces enjeux sur l’acceptabilité sociale du prix de l’eau et suivant deux hypothèses : celle d’une fragmentation de l’organisation administrative des services d’eau, et celle d’une mutualisation. Nous cherchons alors à répondre à la question suivante : comment le changement d’échelle de gestion permettrait d’améliorer la durabilité des services d’eau ?
Antibody response to Raboral VR-G® oral rabies vaccine in captive and free-ranging black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas)
Authors: Koeppel Katja N. , Geertsma Peter , Kuhn Brian F. , Van Schalkwyk Ockert L. , Thompson Peter N. 
Published: February 2022

Rabies is a zoonotic disease that remains endemic in large parts of southern Africa because of its persistence in wildlife and domestic dog vectors. The black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) is primarily the wildlife vector responsible for rabies outbreaks in northern parts of South Africa. Two trials were carried out to investigate antibody responses to the oral rabies vaccine Raboral V-RG® in black-backed jackals under captive and free-ranging conditions. In captive jackals 10/12 (83%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 52% – 98%), seroconverted after single oral vaccination. Nine captive jackals had protective antibody titres ( 0.5 IU/mL) at 4 weeks (median: 2.1 IU/mL; inter quartile range [IQR]: 0.6–5.7) and 10 jackals had at 12 weeks (median: 3.5 IU/mL; IQR: 1.5–8.3) and three maintained antibody titres for up to 48 weeks (median: 3.4 IU/mL; IQR: 2.0–6.3). Four sites were baited with Raboral V-RG® vaccine for wild jackals, using fishmeal polymer and chicken heads. Baits were distributed by hand or from vehicle at three sites in north-eastern South Africa, with an average baiting density of 4.4 baits/km2 and at one site in central South Africa, at 0.12 baits/km2. This resulted in protective antibody titres in 3/11 jackals (27%; 95% Cl: 6–61) trapped between 3 and 12 months after baiting in north-eastern South Africa, compared with 4/7 jackals (57%; 95% Cl: 18–90) trapped after 3–18 months in central South Africa. This study shows the potential utility of oral rabies vaccination for the control of wildlife-associated rabies in north-eastern and central South Africa, but extensive studies with wider distribution of bait are needed to assess its potential impact on rabies control in wild jackals.
Effect of intense military exercise on physical proficiency and hormonal responses of soldiers
Authors: Yadav Angad , Arya Kavita , Malhari Archana , Meena Roshani , Chatterjee Tirthankar , Bhattacharyya Debojyoti , Singh Som Nath , Pal Madhusudan 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND:
Military training activities are typically challenging and push the soldiers toward their maximum limits of capabilities to improve proficiency in real time situations. In terms of injury prevention, unit performance, and overall morale, the individual's physical capabilities must be in concert to the job demands. Hormones play an important role in regulating various physiological processes including fuel utilization by exercising muscles.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
This study was undertaken to quantify the hormonal demand of an intense military training event.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was conducted at a military training center on 25 male healthy soldiers who had completed 11 week training. Venous blood samples were drawn before and immediately after the event.

RESULTS:
In hormonal responses, the levels of epinephrine (P < 0.001), norepinephrine (P < 0.01), cortisol (P < 0.001), serotonin (P < 0.01), and aldosterone (P < 0.001) were significantly increased while testosterone (P < 0.001) was found significantly decreased after event. The present study demonstrated that the physical proficiency training activity was highly energy demanding due to significantly increased sympathoadrenergic responses and induced a high level of acute stress due to significant reduction of testosterone. In addition to this, the significantly increased serotonergic responses indicated that the level of fatigue was high during activity.

CONCLUSION:
The findings of the present study may be helpful in screening of individuals before inducting into such intense military training activity to minimize the risk of injuries.
Screening for chronic kidney disease in Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Elshinnawy Howayda A. , Afifi Essam N.E. , Hanna Pemen N. , ElSharabasy Reem M. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Screening is an important strategy to address the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in diabetic population. International clinical guidelines recommend CKD screening for individuals with risk factors such as diabetes using laboratory assessments of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urine albumin excretion. To assess the implementation and outcomes of screening programs for CKD in type 2 diabetic patients.

Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted that included 200 adult type 2 diabetic patients in Alagouza Hospital. Patients on hemodialysis and those with type 1 diabetes mellitus were excluded. Patients were screened for CKD using urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and average estimated glomerular filtration rate. Patients with CKD were further investigated for extrarenal diabetic complications such as peripheral vascular disease and cardiovascular complications.

Results
Overall, 55% of the studied patients were males, with a mean age of 60.09±8.55 years. Among diabetic complications, nephropathy was the most common (53%), followed by history of neuropathy (44.5%), and retinopathy evidenced in fundus examination (34.516%). History of stroke presented in 17.5% of patients. Peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, and stroke history were more common in nephropathic patients compared with patients without nephropathy (62/27, 61/8, and 22/13, respectively). Patients with evidenced nephropathy who were further investigated for extrarenal diabetic complications showed peripheral vascular disease in 32.1% (34 patients), with three patients undergoing amputation. Heart failure and ischemic changes were seen in 17.9% (19 patients).

Conclusion
Screening of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus helps in early treatment and avoids its more serious complications such as progression to end-stage renal disease and other extrarenal diabetic complications.
Impact of hyperphosphatemia on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and on the inflammatory state in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease under maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: El-Shehawy El-Metwally L. , AbdEl-Salam Hassan G. , Mahmoud Ashraf T. , Ibrahim Ahmed M.A. , Mansour Ahmed E. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Hyperphosphatemia can lead to detrimental effects such as cardiovascular calcification, renal osteodystrophy, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and increased mortality. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients provides information on the inflammation status, used as a marker of poor prognosis in several disorders such as malignancies, CKD, and myocardial infarction. To study the impact of hyperphosphatemia on NLR and on the inflammatory state in patients with stage 5 CKD under maintenance hemodialysis.

Patients and methods
This observational cross-sectional study was carried out in Benha University Hospitals on 100 patients on maintenance hemodialysis who were recruited and subjected to careful history, clinical examination, and NLR; serum phosphorus was done with different inflammatory markers. Patients who had significant infection, malignancy, and who had undergone parathyroidectomy were excluded.

Results
The mean±SD age of the studied group was 61.28±13.7, 40% were males. There were two (2%) with hypophosphatemia, 44 (44%) with normal phosphate, 34 (34%) with mild hyperphosphatemia, and 20 (20%) with severe hyperphosphatemia. There was high statistically significant difference between categories of serum phosphate as regards white blood cell, neutrophil, NLR, and platelets. There was high statistically significant difference between categories of serum phosphate as regards erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein (CRP), and statistically significant difference as regards serum albumin and serum intact-parathyroid hormone. There was positive significant correlation between serum phosphorus and both CRP and NLR (P<0.001).

Conclusion
There is high prevalence of hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients. Hyperphosphatemia was associated with higher intact-parathyroid hormone, white blood cell, neutrophil, NLR, CRP, and platelets.
Mild Cognitive Impairment and its Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors in the Elderly
Authors: Saikia Anku Moni , Rajendran Vinoth 
Published: February 2022

Context:
Alzheimer's dementia (AD), an irreversible condition is an important cause of disability in old age. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate state between normal cognition and dementia. Amnestic MCI (aMCI) is the precursor of AD. Identification of modifiable lifestyle risk factors help in the prevention of aMCI, and thereby in the prevention of AD.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of aMCI and different lifestyle factors associated with types of MCI.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the elderly (≥60 years). A sample of 576 persons was selected using a multistage sampling technique. Vernacular adaptation of Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination tool was used to screen dementia and MCI. Geriatric Depression Scale-15 was used for screening depression. Data were collected using a pre-designed and pretested schedule and SPSS was used for data entry and analysis.

Results:
The prevalence of MCI was found to be 22.4% among the elderly. Out of all MCI cases, the prevalence of aMCI was 38.8% in this study. The lack of social and leisure engagement was found to be significantly associated with the type of MCI.

Conclusion:
The comparatively higher prevalence of aMCI is just the tip of the iceberg. Lack of social and leisure engagement is a highly predictive risk factor.
Evaluation of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Expression in Colorectal Cancer and its Correlation with Clinicopathological Variables
Authors: Ahuja Sana , Arora Vinod Kumar 
Published: February 2022

Context:
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast and gastric cancer is associated with poor prognosis. However, in colorectal cancer, there are no specific guidelines for immunohistochemical interpretation of HER2. Furthermore, there are conflicting reports regarding correlation of clinicopathological parameters with HER2 expression.

Aim:
The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of HER2 expression in colorectal cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological variables, if any.

Methods:
Resection specimens for colorectal cancer over a 2-year period were included in this retrospective study. HER2 immunostaining was done using a monoclonal antibody followed by evaluation of pattern and intensity of staining along with correlation of cells with membranous positivity. Clinicopathological parameters such as age, gender, tumor location, histological subtype of tumor along with tumor stage and grade were analyzed using Fisher's exact test for significance.

Results:
Of the 50 cases analyzed, 70%, 28%, and 2% were conventional, mucinous, and signet cell ring adenocarcinomas, respectively. The majority were moderately differentiated (56%) and most of the cases presented at Stage III. Weak-to-moderate cytoplasmic positivity was seen in 18% cases, while one case each (2%) showed combined cytoplasmic-membranous and complete membranous positivity, respectively. No significant correlation could be established between HER2 immunostaining and histological subtype or tumor stage/grade.

Conclusions:
Colorectal cancer demonstrates a very low membranous positivity to HER2 immunostaining. HER2 expression in colorectal cancer has no correlation with clinicopathological variables such as tumor grade, stage, and histological subtype. HER2 does not appear to have any prognostic role to play in colorectal cancer in the context of Indian population.
Audit of Blood Utilization in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Chakravarty-Vartak Urmi , Neelakantan Amrita , Vartak Shailesh , Shewale Rohini 
Published: February 2022

Context:
Blood transfusion plays a vital role in saving lives. However, owing to its many side effects, it should be used judiciously.

Aim:
The aims of this study were: audit of blood utilization in our tertiary care set up, formulation of a maximum surgical blood ordering schedule (MSBOS) for procedures where a complete cross-match appears mandatory, and improvement in the efficiency of blood utilization in trauma care.

Methods:
All patients admitted to Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital during the study period for whom cross-match requests were sent to blood bank were included in this study. They were divided into groups according to the departments under which they were admitted. Data were analyzed and cross-match to transfusion ratio (C/T ratio), transfusion index, and transfusion probability (%T) were calculated. C/T ratio was used as an index of the efficacy of blood ordering practice, and a ratio of >2.5 was considered an indication of the excess cross match.

Results:
The maximum C/T ratio of 34.11 was noted in the Department of Cardiology. Only three departments (Artificial Kidney Dialysis, Pediatrics, and Medical Intensive Care Unit) showed effective utilization of blood. Minimum C/T ratio of 1.34 observed in the Department of Artificial Kidney Dialysis.

Conclusion:
We found gross over-ordering of blood by different departments. Hence we propose the formulation of a blood ordering schedule. We drafted a MSBOS which provides guidelines for frequently performed elective surgical procedures by recommending the maximum number of units of blood to be cross-matched preoperatively, implementation of which will result in more efficient use of blood.
Epidemiological Study of Vitamin D Deficiency among Libyan Patients
Authors: Atia Ahmed , Arhoma Sundes 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is not only common globally but is more rampant in Libya. Assessment and management of it can help prevent many other conditions and serious diseases.

Objective:
This stuay aimed to study the prevalence of VDD among patients attending private clinics in Zawia city of Libya.

Methods:
A Cross-sectional study was carried out among 71 apparently healthy patients from different private clinics laboratory, Zawia city, Libya. After obtaining informed consent and confirming the willingness of the patients to give the blood samples, the data were recorded in the pre-designed, pre-tested, and semi-structured study questionnaire. Variables such as age and sex were recorded. Vitamin D status was ascertained for all included participants in the present study.

Results:
Female participants were more than male participants in the present study (63.4% vs. 36.6%). Majority (45.1%) belonged to the age group of 41–64 years followed by 1–18 years of age (39.4%). The mean value of Vitamin D among females (19.8 ± 2 nmol/L) was significantly lower when compared to males (25.7 ± 3 nmol/L). The mean value of Vitamin D was significantly lower in the age group of 41–64 years and more than 64 years of age compared to 1–40 years of age (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The prevalence of VDD was more in females compared to males. The values decreased with increasing age.
Efficacy of ultrasound guided quadratus lumborum plane-1 block for post operative analgesia at iliac / hypogastric donor sites in patients undergoing reconstructive surgery with graft harvest from dermatomal area t7 - l1
Authors: Srivatsav A. Muralikrishna , Boopathi V. , Sankuru Divya , Sasidharan Shibu , Manalikuzhiyil Babitha , Dhillon Harpreet Singh 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum plane-1 (QLP-1) block involves placement of local anesthetic lateral to the quadratus lumborum muscle. It provides better and long-lasting analgesia than transverse abdominis plane block due to the spread of local anesthetic more posteriorly along the thoracolumbar fascial plane, thus involving the L1 dermatomal area.

Objectives:
We conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided QLP-1 block for postoperative analgesia at iliac/hypogastric donor sites in patients undergoing reconstructive surgery with graft harvest from dermatomal area T7-L1.

Materials and Methods:
After obtaining approval from the ethical committee, a randomized controlled trial was conducted from February 2018 to November 2018. Eighty patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups, Group A (QLP-1 block) and Group B (control, without any block, and only iv analgesics) based on computer-generated random number techniques. Twenty ml of local anesthetic mixture containing 0.5% bupivacaine and 2% lignocaine with adrenaline and 4 mg of dexamethasone was for QLP-1 block in Group A. Aim was to assess pain scores every second hourly up to 24 h and secondary objective was the requirement of rescue analgesia. SPSS version 19 was used to derive statistical results. The unpaired t-test is used for quantitative analysis.

Results:
The numerical pain score (NPS) was significantly low in Group A compared to Group B between 6th and 12th h after the block (P < 0.001). The mean time at which first rescue analgesia had to be given was significantly later in group A (15.55 h) compared to Group B (6.25 h). The requirement of double rescue analgesia in the first 24 h after the block was higher in Group B (100%) compared to Group A (0%).

Conclusion:
Ultrasound-guided QLP-1 block is safe, hemodynamically stable, and provided superior analgesia at iliac/hypogastric donor sites compared to control group in patients undergoing reconstructive surgery with graft harvest from dermatomal area T7-L1. The number of rescue analgesics required in the QLP-1 group is less compared to the control group.
Evaluation of autologus platelet-rich plasma versus silver nitrate in the treatment of cervical erosion
Authors: Aitah Naglaa F.H.A. , Hamouda Mahmoud S.L. , Ahmed Amira Y. , Elsokary Amal A.E. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Cervical erosion is identified by the existence of columnar cells on the ectocervix rather than on the squamous epithelium. Adolescent age, pregnancy, and hormonal contraception are all causes of erosion. Some doctors think erosion is a typical asymptomatic variation, while others believe it is caused by persistent cervicitis. Metaplastic columnar epithelium may cause a variety of symptoms such as vaginal discharge, leukorrhea, postcoital bleeding, pelvic discomfort, and dyspareunia. Laser ablation, microwave ablation, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, herbal treatments, and cryosurgery have all been reported as therapeutic options.

Aim
Evaluating the therapeutic effect of applying an autologous PRP in cervical erosion versus chemical cautery with silver nitrate.

Patients and methods
Randomized controlled clinical study on 100 patients at the outpatient clinic of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University Hospitals. A total of 50 patients was assigned as the PRP group), the study group, while the other was the silver nitrate group. Follow-up visits occurred on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10tht, and 12th week posttreatment for the lesion size changes, symptom relief, postprocedure discomfort, pain, and long-term complications.

Results
PRP and silver nitrate are now being used to treat symptomatic patients with cervical erosion. Because it resulted in a faster tissue healing time and fewer complications, autologous PRP has the potential to replace alternative unpleasant treatment options such as cautery, with promising results for inflamed and injured cervical tissue with erosion repair.

Conclusion
PRP shows no immunogenic difficulty or ethical matters as autologous. It stops damage to the cervix and hence prevention from cervical cancer.