bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and Optimization of Donation Advisor: a Decision Support Tool for Deceased Organ Donation and Transplantation
Authors: Dhanani Sonny , Ramchandani Rashi , Allan Jill , Hudek Natasha , Herry Christophe L. , Scales Nathan , Adhikari Neill K.J. , Brehaut Jamie C. , Burns Karen E.A. , Chassé Michaël , Iyengar Akshai M. , Meade Maureen O. , Ramsay Tim , Scales Damon C. , Selzner Markus , Sener Alp , Slessarev Marat , Talbot Heather , Weiss Matthew J. , Zaltzman Jeffrey , Seely Andrew J.E. 
Published: February 2025

Background.
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of Donation Advisor (DA), a validated clinical decision support tool that uses continuous monitoring, variability analysis, and predictive models, to (i) predict likelihood of successful donation after circulatory determination of death (DCD) before withdrawal of life-sustaining measures (WLSM), and (ii) describe ischemia during WLSM in DCD patients.

Methods.
Eligible patients were screened at the 5 sites where DA was implemented. DA reports were generated in real time but shown to clinicians after the donation was complete (noninterventional). Clinicians were interviewed for improvement of the tool.

Results.
We enrolled 34 donor patients in the study; 27 had DCD attempts and 20 proceeded to organ recovery. DA reports were generated before WLSM in all 27 attempted DCD patients (100%) while post-WLSM ischemia reports were generated in 26 of 27 DCD attempts (96%). Nineteen of 34 involved clinicians completed interviews, 10 from intensive care, and 9 from transplantation team members. Following a user-centered design approach, feedback was used to create 5 versions. Revisions included additions, removals, clarifications, and formatting changes; the number of revisions decreased with each amendment. The report’s predictive scores were found to be useful by most practitioners (83%). We identified barriers and drivers to use the report in future practice, some of which may be addressed through improved education and awareness.

Conclusions.
DA can be deployed in real time during the DCD process. The usefulness and usability of the DA report has improved through user feedback; both barriers and drivers to implementation exist.
Genomics-Informed Drug Repurposing Strategy Identifies Novel Therapeutic Targets for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Seagle Hannah M. , Akerele Alexis T. , DeCorte Joseph A. , Hellwege Jacklyn N. , Breeyear Joseph H. , Kim Jeewoo , Levin Michael , Khodurksy Samuel , Bress Adam , Lee Kyung , Meiler Jens , Gill Dipender , Lee Jennifer S. , Heberer Kent , Miller Donald R. , Reaven Peter , Chang Kyong-Mi , Lynch Julie A. , Khankari Nikhil K. , Shuey Megan M. , Edwards Todd L. , Vujkovic Marijana 
Published: February 2025

SummaryIdentification of drug-repurposing targets with genetic and biological support is an economically and temporally efficient strategy for improving treatment of diseases. We employed a cross-disciplinary approach to identify potential treatments for metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) using humans as a model organism. We identified 212 putative causal genes associated with MASLD using data from a large multi-ancestry genetic association study, of which 158 (74.5%) are novel. From this set we identified 57 genes that encode for druggable protein targets, and where the effects of increasing genetically predicted gene expression on MASLD risk align with the function of that drug on the protein target. These potential targets were then evaluated for evidence of efficacy using Mendelian randomization, pathway analysis, and protein structural modeling. Using these approaches, we present compelling evidence to suggest activation ofFADS1by icosopent ethyl as well asS1PR2by fingolimod could be promising therapeutic strategies for MASLD.
Modulated smooth muscle cells accumulate late in human coronary atherosclerosis and are temporally and spatially linked to necrotic core formation
Authors: Morales-Cano Daniel , Sharysh Diana , Albarrán-Juárez Julián , de Molina Antonio , Labrador-Cantero Verónica , Møller Cecilie Markvard , Carramolino Laura , Bentzon Jacob F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsProliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and their modulation to alternative mesenchymal phenotypes is a central mechanism in the growth of atherosclerotic lesions. The underlying processes have been studied extensively in mouse models, but a detailed analysis of when and where modulated SMCs accumulate in human atherosclerosis is lacking. The present study mapped modulated SMC subtypes during the progression of human coronary atherosclerosis and explored their associations with disease processes in human carotid plaques.MethodsMultiplex immunostaining protocols based on single-cell RNA sequencing-validated markers were established to detect SMCs, modulated SMCs, and macrophages in sections of left anterior descending arteries from forensic autopsies. The material comprised 44 arterial segments from 38 individuals, encompassing samples with normal intima, eccentric intimal thickening, pathological intimal thickening, and fibroatheroma. A similar analysis of carotid endarterectomy samples allowed examination of the involvement of modulated SMCs in fibrosis, calcification, and apoptosis. Coronary and carotid sections were analyzed by machine learning-assisted cell classification, enabling phenotyping of entire plaques at high microscopic resolution.ResultsCells co-expressing contractile and modulated SMC markers were present in normal human coronary arteries, but fully modulated SMCs, with complete loss of detectable contractile protein expression, did not accumulate substantially until the fibroatheroma stage, where they were located preferentially around the necrotic core. SMC subtypes showed no preferential co-localization with areas of fibrosis or calcification; however, osteoprotegerin secreted by modulated SMCs was found bound to calcium deposits. Modulated SMCs accounted for 35-53% of all apoptotic remnants for which a cell origin could be determined.ConclusionsFully modulated SMCs expand at the fibroatheroma stage, localize around the necrotic core region, and account for many apoptotic remnants in plaques.
Distinct White Matter Fiber Density Patterns in Bipolar and Depressive Disorders: Insights from Fixel-Based Analysis
Authors: Manelis Anna , Hu Hang , Satz Skye , Iyengar Satish , Swartz Holly A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDifferentiating Bipolar (BD) and depressive (DD) disorders remains challenging in clinical practice due to overlapping symptoms. Our study employs fixel-based analysis (FBA) to examine fiber-specific white matter differences in BD and DD and gain insights into the ability of FBA metrics to predict future spectrum mood symptoms.Methods163 individuals between 18 and 45 years with BD, DD, and healthy controls (HC) underwent Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging. FBA was used to assess fiber density (FD), fiber cross-section (FC), and fiber density cross-section (FDC) in major white matter tracts. A longitudinal follow-up evaluated whether FBA measures predicted future spectrum depressive and hypomanic symptom trajectories over six months.ResultsDirect comparisons between BD and DD indicated lower FD in the right superior longitudinal and uncinate fasciculi and left thalamo-occipital tract in BD versus DD. Individuals with DD exhibited lower FD in the left arcuate fasciculus than those with BD. Compared to HC, both groups showed lower FD in the splenium of the corpus callosum and left striato-occipital and optic radiation tracts. FD in these tracts predicted future spectrum symptom severity. Exploratory analyses revealed associations between FD, medication use, and marijuana exposure.ConclusionsOur findings highlight distinct and overlapping white matter alterations in BD and DD. Furthermore, FD in key tracts may serve as a predictor of future symptom trajectories, supporting the potential clinical utility of FD as a biomarker for mood disorder prognosis. Future longitudinal studies are needed to explore the impact of treatment and disease progression on white matter microstructure.
Maintenance of pyrophosphate homeostasis in multiple subcellular compartments is essential inPlasmodium falciparum
Authors: Nwankwo Ikechukwu , Ke Hangjun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPyrophosphate is a byproduct of numerous cellular reactions that use ATP or other nucleoside triphosphates to synthesize DNA, RNA, protein, and other molecules. Its degradation into monophosphate is thus crucial for the survival and proliferation of all life forms. The human malaria parasitePlasmodium falciparumencodes two classes of pyrophosphatases to hydrolyze pyrophosphate. The first consists ofP. falciparumproton pumping vacuolar pyrophosphatases (PfVP1 and PfVP2), which localize to the parasite’s subcellular membranes and work as proton pumps. The second includesP. falciparumsoluble pyrophosphatases (PfsPPases), which have not been well characterized. Interestingly, the gene locus of PfsPPase encodes two isoforms, PfsPPase1 (PF3D7_0316300.1) and PfsPPase2 (PF3D7_0316300.2). PfsPPase2 contains a 51- amino acid organellar localization peptide that is absent in PfsPPase1. Here, we combine reverse genetics and biochemical approaches to identify the localization of PfsPPase1 and PfsPPase2 and elucidate their individual functions. We show that PfsPPases are essential for the asexual blood stage. While PfsPPase1 solely localizes to the cytoplasm, PfsPPase2 exhibits multiple localizations including the mitochondrion, the apicoplast, and, to a lesser extent, the cytoplasm. Our data suggest thatP. falciparumhas taken a unique evolutionary trajectory in pyrophosphate metabolism by utilizing a leader sequence to direct sPPases to the mitochondrion and apicoplast. This differs from model eukaryotes as they generally encode multiple sPPases at distinct genetic loci to facilitate pyrophosphate degradation in cytosolic and organellar compartments. Our study highlights PfsPPases as promising targets for the development of novel antimalarial drugs.
Data-driven approach for modeling the temporal and spectral evolution of kilonova systematic uncertainties
Authors: Jhawar Sahil , Wouters Thibeau , Pang Peter T. H. , Bulla Mattia , Coughlin Michael W. , Dietrich Tim 
Published: February 2025

Kilonovae, possible electromagnetic counterparts to neutron star mergers, provide important information about high-energy transient phenomena and, in principle, also allow us to obtain information about the source properties responsible for powering the kilonova. Unfortunately, numerous uncertainties exist in kilonova modeling that, at the current stage, hinder accurate predictions. Hence, one has to account for possible systematic modeling uncertainties when interpreting the observed transients. In this work, we provide a data-driven approach to account for time-dependent and filter-dependent uncertainties in kilonova models. Through a suite of tests, we find that the most reliable recovery of the source parameters and description of the observational data can be obtained through a combination of kilonova models with time- and filter-dependent systematic uncertainties. We apply our new method to analyze AT2017gfo. While recovering a total ejecta mass consistent with previous studies, our approach gives insights into the temporal and spectral evolution of the systematic uncertainties of this kilonova. We consistently find a systematic error below 1 mag between 1 to 5 days after the merger. Our work addresses the need for early follow-up of kilonovae at earlier times, and improved modeling of the kilonova at later times, to reduce the uncertainties outside of this time window.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Green intellectual capital disclosure, CEO gender and corporate performance: an analysis of Italian listed companies
Authors: Ferri Salvatore , Gotti Giacomo , Morrone Carla 
Published: February 2025

PurposeConsidering the relevance of “green” as well as of “intellectual capital” in the current economy, scholars and practitioners are increasingly interested into the so-called Green Intellectual Capital (GIC). Against this backdrop, as the research is at an early stage with still no clear evidence, this article intends to investigate the relationship between GIC disclosure and firm’s performance, also analyzing the moderation role of CEO gender.Design/methodology/approachTaking into account the theoretical background, the quali-quantitative analysis focuses on a sample of Italian listed companies during the period 2020–2022. To check the relationships, a content analysis has been conducted to measure the level of GIC disclosed and then generalized least squares, ordinary least squares and lasso regression have been employed to test the hypotheses.FindingsResults show that GIC disclosure produces a negative relationship with financial performance. In the meantime, findings point out that a female CEO moderates this relationship, boosting financial outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsThe study offers actionable managerial implications thanks to the proposed set of items to monitoring GIC. At the same time, it underlines how leadership styles can contribute to leverage green knowledge. Moreover, it seeks to contribute to the current literature and offers intriguing insights for policymakers.Originality/valueThis paper addresses the still unclear relationship between GICD and performance, providing new cues regarding the role of women in CEO positions. Furthermore, in doing so, it focuses on Italian listed companies, a context still uncharted. Finally, the methodology represents a novelty in approaching these topics.
The relative influences of long‐term fire management and woody cover on termite abundance and activity in an Australian tropical savanna
Authors: Rochelmeyer Ellen , Evans Theo , Eggleton Paul , Murphy Brett P. , Levick Shaun R. , Stobo‐Wilson Alyson M. , Richards Anna E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Tropical savannas typically experience high fire frequencies, with prescribed fire commonly used as a management tool. Termites play an important role in the ecological functioning of tropical savannas, yet we have a limited understanding of how fire affects these important ecosystem engineers. To account for the effects of fire management on ecosystem structure and function, we need to understand the links between fire management and termite communities.

This study used a long‐term (18‐year) fire experiment in a tropical savanna near Darwin, northern Australia, to investigate the effects of different fire regimes on termite species composition, abundance and activity. We measured termite abundance and activity using a combination of baiting and reduced transect survey methods and compared these with fire activity (summarised fire frequency and intensity) and woody cover.

Termite species richness was similar across all fire treatments, and the level of fire activity had a minimal effect on species composition, which was more strongly influenced by woody cover. Wood‐feeding termite abundance and the consumption of wood baits were negatively correlated with fire activity and positively correlated with woody cover. Soil/wood interface‐feeding termites showed no correlation with fire activity but a positive correlation with woody cover. Significant negative mediation effects of fire activity through woody cover were detected on the abundance of wood‐ and soil/wood interface feeders and wood and straw bait consumption. Grass‐feeding termites were encountered too infrequently to draw conclusions about their correlation with fire activity and woody cover; however, straw bait consumption was positively correlated with fire activity.

Synthesis and applications. The effects of fire on termite abundance and activity are primarily indirect, mediated through changes in vegetation structure. As high fire activity is associated with reduced woody cover, maintaining regimes of frequent, high‐intensity fires over the long term has the potential to affect ecosystem function. While minimising the occurrence of high‐intensity, late dry season fires is consistent with fire management goals in these savannas, care is still required to avoid the negative consequences of high fire frequencies.
Thicker than blood: Exploring the importance of carceral bonds for those formerly serving juvenile life without parole sentences
Authors: Bennett J. Z. , Henson Abigail , Martinez Grace A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Montgomery vs. Louisiana ruling in 2016 on the unconstitutionality of mandatory juvenile life without the possibility of parole resulted in the resentencing of thousands of cases and the release of hundreds of individuals sentenced as youth to die in prison. Although a breadth of research has explored the consequences of long‐term confinement as it relates to the effects on health, education, employment history, and familial relationships, no existing research has examined the impact of navigating and sustaining meaningful friendships during and after serving a juvenile life without parole (JLWOP) sentence. This novel qualitative study draws from semistructured life‐history interviews (N = 30) with middle‐aged men and women who served time (mean = 33 years incarcerated) under a mandatory JLWOP sentence and were later released. Using the temporal debt framework, findings reveal how the carceral setting forces temporal withdrawals from loved ones in the community, resulting in asynchrony and strain during reentry. Alternatively, the temporal deposits made to similarly situated incarcerated individuals eased the prison experience and reintegration process. The study has implications for parole policies prohibiting engagement among those with felony convictions.
A Population‐Based Correlation Analysis Between Hemoglobin A1c and Hemoglobin Levels
Authors: Zhang Tingyu , Shi Tianyi , Cao Min , Ji Yunxi , Xue Yanbin , Yao Huayan , Yin Qiaomei , Cui Bin , Xie Zhen , He Ping 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGlycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is widely used to assess long‐term glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. However, various conditions that affect hemoglobin levels or the lifespan of red blood cells can compromise the accuracy of HbA1c measurements. Despite extensive research, the relationship between HbA1c and hemoglobin remains unclear. This study aims to clarify this relationship by examining its correlation across diverse age and gender cohorts.MethodsData from 217,991 participants aged 20 to 69 years were collected from health examination centers in Southwest China. Standardized methodologies were used to measure HbA1c and hemoglobin levels. Generalized additive models (GAM) were utilized to analyze non‐linear relationships and adjust for potential confounding variables. Gender‐specific reference intervals (RIs) for hemoglobin were also established.ResultsA gender‐specific association was observed between HbA1c and hemoglobin levels. In men, HbA1c levels decreased with increasing hemoglobin. Among women, a negative correlation was observed in premenopausal women (aged ≤ 45 years), whereas postmenopausal women (aged > 45 years) showed a positive correlation, with HbA1c levels increasing as hemoglobin levels rose. Additionally, HbA1c levels increased with age in both genders, with a more pronounced rise in women after the age of 45.ConclusionThis study highlights significant gender‐ and age‐related differences in the relationship between HbA1c and hemoglobin. The findings suggest that estrogen‐related metabolic changes may influence HbA1c levels, with potential implications for diabetes management and hormone therapy in postmenopausal women.
First records of the gall midge genus Pseudasphondylia Monzen, 1955 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Australia
Authors: Adair Robin J. , Kolesik Peter 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTwo new species of Pseudasphondylia Monzen, 1955 are described and are the first records of this genus in Australia and for the plant families Myrtaceae and Chenopodiaceae. Pseudasphondylia melanopileus sp. nov. forms inconspicuous galls on the fruits of Melaleuca ericifolia (Myrtaceae) in southern Victoria. Pseudasphondylia nitrariaceia sp. nov. causes semi‐woody galls on the inflorescences of Chenopodium nitrariaceum (Chenopodiaceae) and is widespread in low‐rainfall regions of south‐eastern Australia. Descriptions of adults and immature stages and DNA sequences of the cytochrome oxidase unit I mitochondrial gene segment are given for each of the new species.
Arterial trauma due to central venous catheter insertion: an analysis of incidents reported to the National Reporting and Learning System for England and Wales 2013–2023
Authors: Hart Peter W. , Beddoes Penelope , Burtle David , Bradshaw Michelle L. 
Published: February 2025

SummaryIntroductionArterial trauma is a rare, but potentially life‐threatening complication of central venous catheter insertion, with limited evidence to guide its prevention and management. We aimed to identify incidents from two national databases of incident reports to better characterise this complication and its consequences.MethodsWe extracted and analysed reports from the National Reporting and Learning System and the Strategic Executive Information System over a 10‐year period, including incidents involving arterial insertion of a dilator or catheter. Arterial puncture by needle or guidewire was included if moderate or severe harm resulted.ResultsWe identified 241 arterial trauma incidents including diverse device types, settings and insertion techniques. Arterial trauma occurred despite the reassuring visual appearance of blood in 35 (15%) incidents and despite guidewire visualisation by ultrasound in 53 (22%) incidents. After catheter insertion, a chest radiograph was the most common method which failed to identify arterial cannulation in 20 (27%) cases of delayed recognition. Outcomes included 24 (10%) strokes and 10 (4%) deaths. After excluding femoral and peripherally‐inserted catheters, stroke was associated with delayed diagnosis (RR 3.57, 95%CI 2.04–6.24) and arterial drug administration (RR 2.67, 95%CI 1.48–4.82). However, stroke (eight, 6%) and death (three, 2%) still occurred despite immediate recognition of arterial trauma, underscoring the dangers of arterial dilatation.DiscussionWhilst some incidents involved potential risk factors (e.g. operator inexperience, landmark technique, paediatric lines and emergent insertion) arterial trauma nevertheless occurs when experienced operators undertake seemingly routine procedures. Our findings complement previous research on serious harm from this complication and support the need for robust and objective pre‐dilatation checks. It is essential that these findings inform the perception, discussion and mitigation of risk associated with central venous catheter insertion to prevent avoidable patient harm.