bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regioselective Synthesis of Iminothiazolidinone Appended Novel Dispiro Indenoquinoxaline‐Pyrrolidines by 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Strategy
Authors: Singh Ruby , Saini Munna Ram 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA series of structurally fascinating novel dispiroindenoquinoxaline hybrids have been synthesized with complete regio and diastereoselectivity via comprising three pharmocophoric cores, i. e., indenoquinoxaline, pyrrolidine and iminothiazolidinone in a single molecular framework by means of 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction under microwave irradiations. In the present study azomethine ylide generated in situ by the condensation reaction of indenoquinoxalinone and benzyl amine, which subsequently react with dipolarophile alkyl‐2‐[(Z)‐4‐oxo‐3‐aryl/alkyl‐2‐(arylimino)thiazolidin‐5‐ylidene] acetate to construct iminothiazolidinone appended dispiro‐indenoquinoxaline‐pyrrolidines with unusual regio and endo‐selective manner. The present study involves the generation of three new bonds and more than three stereogenic centers in a single operation under mild reaction conditions with high yields in shorter reaction time. The structure elucidation is based on NMR spectroscopic studies and regio‐/stereochemistry has been concluded by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.
CuCl2 or I2/DMSO Catalyzed S‐S Bond Cleaving/Cyclization Reactions to Synthesize 2‐Arylbenzothiazoles via 2,2′‐Disulfanediyldianilines and Aromatic Aldehyde
Authors: Lu Qichao , Zhao Lingyu , Wu Lingang , Wang Xiangqian , Shen Guodong , Huang Xianqiang , Du Mengcheng , Ma Delong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTwo feasible and convenient S−S bond cleaving/cyclization reactions for the synthesis of 2‐arylbenzothiazoles catalyzed by CuCl2 or I2/DMSO via 2,2′‐disulfanediyldianilines and aromatic aldehydes have been reported. The reactions are compatible with a range of substrates and could successfully generate 2‐arylbenzothiazoles in moderate to excellent yields, respectively. For the reactions, ‘one‐pot’ conditions were applied and readily available starting materials were employed. The importance of the protocols were attractive for synthetic method.
Recent Advances in the Catalytic Applications of Chiral Schiff‐Base Ligands and Metal Complexes in Asymmetric Organic Transformations
Authors: De Soumik , Jain Abhinav , Barman Pranjit 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Schiff base and its metal complexes are extensively studied for their adaptable metal chelating properties. Their ability to alter the design and modify it for various organic and biological applications makes them versatile compounds. The chiral Schiff base and their metal complexes possess excellent stability in very high temperatures, making them a suitable candidate for organocatalysts in reactions involving harsh conditions. Besides, these chiral complexes of Schiff base can transform their chirality in the final product formed in different chemical reactions. This stereo‐induction by the chiral metal complexes of Schiff base is considerably valuable for synthesizing high optically active compounds in the field of medicinal and natural product synthesis. Thus, this review emphasizes the latest and relevant literature concerning the asymmetric catalysis of chiral Schiff base ligand‐metal complexes in various synthetic organic transformation reactions. The synthesis and the catalytic mechanisms of various reactions are discussed, including their enantioselectivities, diastereoselectivities, regioselectivities, and stereoselectivities of different complexes to organic transformation.
Selective Synthesis of 3‐Alkyl‐2‐thiohydantoins from Azidoacetamides and Carbon Disulfide
Authors: Sokolov Anatolii I. , Mikhaylov Andrey A. , Baleeva Nadezhda S. , Baranov Mikhail S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn present paper, we showed that phosphazenes formed from azidoacetamides and its derivatives can be successfully used for variously substituted 3‐alkyl‐2‐thiohydantoins creation. The presented reaction with carbon disulfide is characterized by high yields and good functional group tolerance.
Synthesis of 5‐Alkynyl and 2,5‐Dialkynyl‐L‐histidines
Authors: Bagra Nitin , Jain Rahul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSynthesis of previously unknown 5‐alkynyl‐L‐histidines and 2,5‐dialkynyl‐L‐histidines is reported. Fully protected 5‐iodo‐ and 2,5‐diiodo‐L‐histidines obtained upon electrophilic iodination underwent cross‐coupling alkynylation reaction with terminal alkynes in the presence of palladium‐copper co‐catalytic system to afford ring‐modified histidines in 62–85 % yield. The method is also successfully utilized to late‐stage alkynylate a 5‐iodohistidine residue containing peptide.
Plane waves in nonlocal generalized thermoelasticity
Authors: Das Narayan , De Soumen , Sarkar Nantu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Lord–Shulman (LS) model of generalized thermoelasticity and the Eringen's model of nonlocal elasticity are used to formulate the new constitutive relations and the field equations. The propagation of plane thermoelastic waves are then probed in a homogeneous isotropic nonlocal thermoelastic solid by employing this new model. We found two sets of the coupled longitudinal waves and one independent shear‐type wave. All these waves are found to be dispersive and attenuating in nature in the presence of nonlocality in the medium. We found that the shear‐type wave faces a critical frequency, while the coupled longitudinal waves may face critical frequency conditionally. A reflection of thermoelastic waves at a stress‐free thermally insulated and isothermal boundary of a thermoelastic half‐space are also considered in case of incident coupled longitudinal thermoelastic wave. The amplitude ratios of the reflected waves to that incident wave are determined analytically. For a particular model, various graphs are plotted to analyze the behavior of the phase speeds, attenuation coefficients and reflection coefficients. To investigate the effect of elastic nonlocal parameter on the variations of phase speeds, attenuation coefficients and amplitude ratios of the reflected waves are presented graphically. Some interesting results are noticed: All the waves are detected to be influenced by the nonlocality of the medium. The longitudinal waves are influenced by the thermal parameters but the shear‐type wave is independent of the thermal effect. Moreover the presence of elastic nonlocality reduces the classical shear‐type wave speed.
Dynamic properties of two-dimensional latticed holographic system
Authors: Liu Peng , Wu Jian-Pin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the anisotropic properties of dynamical quantities: direct current (DC) conductivity, butterfly velocity, and charge diffusion. The anisotropy plays a crucial role in determining the phase structure of the two-lattice system. Even a small deviation from isotropy can lead to distinct phase structures, as well as the IR fixed points of our holographic systems. In particular, for anisotropic cases, the most important property is that the IR fixed point can be non-AdS2 × ℝ2 even for metallic phases. As that of a one-lattice system, the butterfly velocity and the charge diffusion can also diagnose the quantum phase transition (QPT) in this two-dimensional anisotropic latticed system.
Dynamical fixed points in holography
Authors: Buchel Alex 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Typically, an interactive system evolves towards thermal equilibrium, with hydrodynamics representing a universal framework for its late-time dynamics. Classification of the dynamical fixed points (DFPs) of a driven Quantum Field Theory (with time dependent coupling constants, masses, external background fields, etc.) is unknown. We use holographic framework to analyze such fixed points in one example of strongly coupled gauge theory, driven by homogeneous and isotropic expansion of the background metric — equivalently, a late-time dynamics of the corresponding QFT in Friedmann-Lemaitre­Robertson-Walker Universe. We identify DFPs that are perturbatively stable, and those that are perturbatively unstable, computing the spectrum of the quasinormal modes in the corresponding holographic dual. We further demonstrate that a stable DFP can be unstable non-perturbatively, and explain the role of the entanglement entropy density as a litmus test for a non-perturbative stability. Finally, we demonstrated that a driven evolution might not have a fixed point at all: the entanglement entropy density of a system can grow without bounds.
Dark gauge boson production from neutron stars via nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung
Authors: Shin Chang Sub , Yun Seokhoon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We discuss the dark gauge boson emission from neutron stars via nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung. Through the rigorous treatment of the effective field theory prescription and the thermal effect, we derive the relevant couplings of dark gauge bosons to hadrons in medium. As a specific example, the U(1)B−L gauge boson scenario is chosen to investigate dark gauge boson emissivities during supernovae and cooling of young neutron stars. From the stellar cooling argument, we obtain the constraints on the B − L gauge coupling for given gauge boson masses in two observations: the duration of the supernova neutrino signal of SN1987A, and the inferred x-ray luminosity of the compact object in the remnant of SN1987A (NS1987A). In particular, the constraint from SN1987A on the U(1)B−L gauge boson scenario is revisited. The excluded gauge coupling due to the emission of transverse polarizations is an order of magnitude enhanced compared to the previous derivation. There is also a newly excluded parameter space due to the emission of longitudinal polarizations.
Ion chromatography coupled to Q-Orbitrap for the analysis of formic and oxalic acid in beehive matrices: a field study
Authors: Gómez Icíar Beraza , Ramos María José Gómez , Rajski Łukasz , Flores José Manuel , Jesús Florencia , Fernández-Alba Amadeo R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere is an increasing concern about the use of synthetic acaricides to fight the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor. Natural products such as formic acid (FA) and oxalic acid (OA) have emerged as a possible alternative control strategy. However, given the difficulty of analysing these highly polar compounds and the lack of robust and reliable methods, there are very few studies of the concentration and distribution of these natural acaricides in the beehive compartments. We present a reliable and simple analytical methodology, based on sample extraction with modified quick polar pesticide (QuPPe) methods followed by ion chromatography coupled to a quadrupole Orbitrap mass analyser for the analysis of FA and OA in honeybees, honey, beeswax, and beebread. The developed methods have been used in a field study for the evaluation of the presence and distribution of FA and OA in the beehive products, as well as in adult bees and bee brood samples, before, during, and up to 3 months after the application of the treatments by the beekeeper. Beebread and honey samples presented the highest concentration levels of OA and FA, respectively, mainly due to their natural presence. As expected, the organic acids showed low persistence in wax after the treatments. The natural acaricides were found in adult and developing bees at concentration levels below the reported LD50 in all the cases; however, residue levels of OA in larvae during the treatment application were very close to the reported LD50.
Graphical abstract
Reply to: methodological inconsistencies define thermal bottlenecks in fish life cycle
Authors: Dahlke Flemming , Butzin Martin , Wohlrab Sylke , Pörtner Hans-Otto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe identification of biological pattern is often complicated by the lack of methodologically consistent data with broad geographic coverage, especially when considering functional characteristics of organisms that differ greatly in body size and morphology. In our study (Dahlke et al. 2020), we addressed the problem of data scarcity by using different types of observational and experimental data together with statistical (phylogenetic) data imputation, and by placing our analysis into the context of a physiological concept, which provides a mechanism-based explanation for the observed pattern (ontogenetic shift in thermal tolerance of fish) and with respect to transition from sublethal to lethal thresholds. Here, we show with comparative examples that our results were not affected by the use of methodologically inconsistent data.
Financial ratios, corporate governance and bank-firm information: a Bayesian approach to predict SMEs’ default
Authors: Gallucci Carmen , Santullli Rosalia , Modina Michele , Formisano Vincenzo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe paper aims to jointly combine three different categories of variables (financial ratios, corporate governance data and bank-firm information) to predict SMEs’ default. To this end, a merged longitudinal predictive model was applied to a sample of 973 Italian SMEs that are clients of 36 different co-operative banks. The collected data (for a total of 23 variables included in the model) relate to the years 2012–2014. The main findings reveal the high predictive power of leverage ratio, CEO tenure and ownership concentration, and the number of loans overdue for more than 180 days in the previous 12 months.
Transparent, Open, and Reproducible Prevention Science
Authors: Grant Sean , Wendt Kathleen E. , Leadbeater Bonnie J. , Supplee Lauren H. , Mayo-Wilson Evan , Gardner Frances , Bradshaw Catherine P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe field of prevention science aims to understand societal problems, identify effective interventions, and translate scientific evidence into policy and practice. There is growing interest among prevention scientists in the potential for transparency, openness, and reproducibility to facilitate this mission by providing opportunities to align scientific practice with scientific ideals, accelerate scientific discovery, and broaden access to scientific knowledge. The overarching goal of this manuscript is to serve as a primer introducing and providing an overview of open science for prevention researchers. In this paper, we discuss factors motivating interest in transparency and reproducibility, research practices associated with open science, and stakeholders engaged in and impacted by open science reform efforts. In addition, we discuss how and why different types of prevention research could incorporate open science practices, as well as ways that prevention science tools and methods could be leveraged to advance the wider open science movement. To promote further discussion, we conclude with potential reservations and challenges for the field of prevention science to address as it transitions to greater transparency, openness, and reproducibility. Throughout, we identify activities that aim to strengthen the reliability and efficiency of prevention science, facilitate access to its products and outputs, and promote collaborative and inclusive participation in research activities. By embracing principles of transparency, openness, and reproducibility, prevention science can better achieve its mission to advance evidence-based solutions to promote individual and collective well-being.
P2Y12 receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with epilepsy
Authors: Wang Qi , Shi Nan-Rui , Lv Peng , Liu Juan , Zhang Ji-Zhou , Deng Bin-Lu , Zuo Yan-Qin , Yang Jie , Wang Xin , Chen Xiang , Hu Xiu-Min , Liu Ting-Ting , Liu Jie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe basic research indicated that microglial P2Y12 receptors (P2Y12Rs) are involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy through regulated microglial-neuronal interactions, aberrant neurogenesis, or immature neuronal projections. However, whether the clinic case of epilepsy would be associated with P2Y12 receptor gene polymorphisms is presented with few data. In our study, a total of 176 patients with epilepsy and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms, namely rs1491974 and rs6798347, were selected for analysis. The results revealed that carriers of the G allele of rs1491974 G>A or rs6798347 G>A may be associated with an increased risk of epilepsy (OR = 0.576, 95% CI = 0.368–0.901, p = 0.015; OR = 0.603, 95% CI = 0.367–0.988, p = 0.043). Interestingly, we found that the rs1491974 G>A genotype and allele frequencies have only a significant difference in female instead of male case (p = 0.004 for genotype; p = 0.001 for allele). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that individuals with the rs1491974 G>A genotype might have more frequent seizure (OR = 0.476, 95% CI = 0.255–0.890; p = 0.019). These data implied that both rs1491974 and rs6798347 polymorphisms of P2Y12R would be able to play import roles in epilepsy susceptibility, whereas the rs1491974 polymorphism may be specifically related to seizure frequency.
State-of-the-art of situation recognition systems for intraoperative procedures
Authors: Junger D. , Frommer S. M. , Burgert O. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOne of the key challenges for automatic assistance is the support of actors in the operating room depending on the status of the procedure. Therefore, context information collected in the operating room is used to gain knowledge about the current situation. In literature, solutions already exist for specific use cases, but it is doubtful to what extent these approaches can be transferred to other conditions. We conducted a comprehensive literature research on existing situation recognition systems for the intraoperative area, covering 274 articles and 95 cross-references published between 2010 and 2019. We contrasted and compared 58 identified approaches based on defined aspects such as used sensor data or application area. In addition, we discussed applicability and transferability. Most of the papers focus on video data for recognizing situations within laparoscopic and cataract surgeries. Not all of the approaches can be used online for real-time recognition. Using different methods, good results with recognition accuracies above 90% could be achieved. Overall, transferability is less addressed. The applicability of approaches to other circumstances seems to be possible to a limited extent. Future research should place a stronger focus on adaptability. The literature review shows differences within existing approaches for situation recognition and outlines research trends. Applicability and transferability to other conditions are less addressed in current work.
Graphical abstract
An Ethical Framework for Visitation of Inpatients Receiving Palliative Care in the COVID-19 Context
Authors: Russell Bethany , William Leeroy , Chapman Michael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHuman connection is universally important, particularly in the context of serious illness and at the end of life. The presence of close family and friends has many benefits when death is close. Hospital visitation restrictions during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic therefore warrant careful consideration to ensure equity, proportionality, and the minimization of harm. The Australian and New Zealand Society for Palliative Medicine COVID-19 Special Interest Group utilized the relevant ethical and public health principles, together with the existing disease outbreak literature and evolving COVID-19 knowledge, to generate a practical framework of visiting restrictions for inpatients receiving palliative and end-of-life care. Expert advice from an Infectious Diseases physician ensured relevance to community transmission dynamics. Three graded levels of visitor restrictions for inpatient settings are proposed, defining an appropriate level of minimum access. These depend upon the level of community transmission of COVID-19, the demand on health services, the potential COVID-19 status of the patient and visitors, and the imminence of the patient’s death. This framework represents a cohesive, considered, proportionate, and ethically robust approach to improve equity and consistency for inpatients receiving palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic and may serve as a template for future disease outbreaks.
Clinical practice guidelines on nutrition management in head and neck cancer: a systematic quality appraisal using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation 2nd edition instrument
Authors: Panara K , Go B , Shah M , Majmudar T , Barrette L-X , Moreira A G , Rajasekaran K 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveSeveral guidelines have been produced for the management of nutrition in patients with head and neck cancer. However, no systematic evaluation of the quality of these guidelines has been performed to date.MethodA comprehensive search was conducted up to August 2020. The quality of guidelines was assessed by four independent reviewers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation, 2nd edition.ResultsNine guidelines were assessed for critical evaluation. Only two guidelines were classified as ‘high quality’. The ‘scope and purpose’ domain achieved the highest mean score (75.5 ± 17.0 per cent), and the lowest domain mean score was ‘applicability’ (37.6 ± 23.0 per cent).ConclusionThese findings highlight the variability in the methodological quality of guidelines for the management of nutrition in head and neck cancer. These results may help to improve the reporting of future guidelines and guide the selection for use in clinical practice.
The vulnerable old-old versus the dynamic young-old: recurring types in the representation of older people on television
Authors: Reul Robin , Dhoest Alexander , Paulussen Steve , Panis Koen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearch shows that older people tend to not only be underrepresented on television (TV), but also to be represented within a number of fixed types. These correspond to cultural myths about ageing, which emphasise vulnerability and decline but also increasingly stress the individual's responsibility for successful ageing. This paper analyses the representation of older people on Flemish public TV, using qualitative content analysis to identify patterns of representation in a sample of 44 programmes broadcast in 2019 and 2020, including the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. To complement our own analysis, we also interviewed eight experts on ageing. Our research shows that representations of older people on Flemish public TV tend to gravitate towards two types related to different age groups: vulnerable and passive old-old people (over 80 years old), particularly those in nursing homes who feature prominently in reporting on the COVID-19 pandemic; and dynamic and active young-old people (65–80 years old), connected to the ideals of successful ageing. The two predominant types correspond to cultural myths about ageing and are also connected to recurrent themes: sexual intimacy, loneliness and death. Our research highlights the need for a more diverse representation, reflecting the variety of individual life conditions and the functional age of older people.