bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are health outcomes in the older colorectal cancer patients treated by curative intent surgery any different to the younger patients?
Authors: Azher Hinna , Beath Alexander , Degabriele Elizabeth , Faragher Ian , Chan Steven T. F. , Yeung Justin M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer poses a major burden. Its incidence increases with age and older patients with comorbidities have a higher likelihood of major complications. This study investigated the impact of age on health outcomes in colorectal cancer patients treated by surgery.MethodsA prospective database of all patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery with curative intent between 2012 and 2017 was used to identify patients. A retrospective review of existing medical records investigating health‐related outcomes in colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery was performed. Primary outcomes measured were overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS). Difference in restricted mean survival times (RMST) up to a pre‐specified time point of 24 months was used to compare four age groups.ResultsSix‐hundred and fifty‐one patients were divided into four age group categories: ≤65‐years (n = 244), 66 to 75‐years (n = 213), 76 to 85‐years (n = 162) and >85‐years (n = 32). Older patients were found to have a higher rate of post‐operative medical complications (including confusion) (P = 0.001) and a longer length of stay (LOS) (P = 0.01).There was no difference between the 76 to 85‐year age group and >85‐year age group in OS and DFS. However, there was a reduced OS in older patients (>65) compared to their younger cohorts (<65) (P = 0.04).ConclusionOlder patients who undergo curative surgery have reduced OS, increased LOS and higher complication rates. Complex older patients may benefit from geriatric assessment and management in the peri‐operative period.
Is thrombocytopenia and postnatal weight gain associated with treatment‐requiring retinopathy of prematurity? A matched case–control study
Authors: Seliniotaki Aikaterini K. , Lithoxopoulou Maria , Moutzouri Stella , Bouras Emmanouil , Diamanti Elisavet , Ziakas Nikolaos , Lundgren Pia , Hellström Ann , Haidich Anna‐Bettina , Mataftsi Asimina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate the association of platelet parameters and postnatal weight gain with treatment‐requiring ROP (TR‐ROP).MethodsIn this retrospective matched case–control study, infants with TR‐ROP were individually matched, according to gestational age and birth weight, with one or two untreated infants who developed no or spontaneously regressed ROP. Longitudinal data on platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), daily weight and platelet transfusions were collected. Platelet mass index (PMI) and weight standard deviation score (WSDS) were also calculated. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for matching.ResultsFourteen cases, presenting type I ROP, and 25 matched controls were included. The odds of developing TR‐ROP decreased as PLT increased during 31st week of postmenstrual age (PMA) or during 1st and 2nd week of postnatal age (PNA). The odds of developing TR‐ROP were 16.7 times higher in infants receiving at least one platelet transfusion compared with those who were not transfused. The odds of developing TR‐ROP increased by 31.2% as the mean volume of platelet transfusion per infant increased by 1 ml. The odds of developing TR‐ROP decreased as PMI increased during 1st week PNA, and as weight and WSDS increased during 4th–6th week PNA. Analysis of MPV, number of thrombopenic episodes per infant, number of platelet transfusions per infant and days with WSDS < −2 showed no association with TR‐ROP.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study ascertaining an association of platelet transfusions with type I ROP. Prospective cohort studies are required to confirm our findings.
Teachers' motivational prosody: A pre‐registered experimental test of children's reactions to tone of voice used by teachers
Authors: Paulmann Silke , Weinstein Netta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTeachers' behaviours drive motivational climates that shape children's engagement and well‐being in the classroom, but few studies examine how specific teachers' behaviours such as wording, body language, or voice contribute to these outcomes in isolation of one another.AimsThis pre‐registered experiment sought to examine the often‐forgotten role that teachers' tone of voice plays in children's education. Informed by the theoretical framework of self‐determination theory (SDT; Ryan & Deci, Self‐determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness, 2017), conditions manipulated controlling (pressuring, demanding), autonomy‐supportive (inviting of choice), or motivationally neutral, tones of voice to explore their effects on children's self‐reported psychological needs satisfaction, well‐being, intention to self‐disclose to and intention to cooperate with their teacher.Sample and MethodChildren aged 10–16 years (n = 250) heard pre‐recorded teachers' voices holding sentence content and speakers constant across conditions, but varying tones of voice.ResultsWe hypothesized a‐priori and found that when children heard controlling sounding voices, they anticipated lower basic psychological need satisfaction, well‐being, and intention to disclose to teachers, as compared to neutral‐sounding voices. We also anticipated beneficial effects for autonomy‐supportive versus neutral voices, but pre‐registered analyses did not support these expectations. Intention to cooperate with teachers did not differ across conditions. Supporting relational motivation theory (RMT; Deci & Ryan, Human Motivation and Interpersonal Relationships, 2014), exploratory analyses showed that hearing autonomy‐supportive sounding voices increased autonomy and relatedness need satisfactions (but not competence need satisfaction), and through doing so indirectly related to beneficial outcomes (well‐being, intention to cooperate and self‐disclose).ConclusionIn summary, tones of voice seem to play an important role in shaping teachers' impact on their students.
Evaluation of teachers' knowledge and attitudes regarding the school inclusion of autistic children: Validation of a brief assessment toolkit
Authors: Derguy Cyrielle , Aubé Benoite , Rohmer Odile , Loyal Déborah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTeachers' level of knowledge regarding autism and their attitudes towards inclusion are major levers for the successful schooling of autistic students. However, there are currently insufficient validated tools for evaluating these two concepts among teachers that are adapted to the French context and to the constraints of the classroom setting.AimsThis study was designed to test both the validity of The Autism Knowledge Screening Scale (AKSS) and of the Autism Attitude Scale for Teachers (AAST) among French teachers.SampleOur final sample consisted of 307 French teachers (50.5% primary school teachers and 49.5% secondary school teachers).MethodsFirst, confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the two initial factor structures and an exploratory factor analysis was conducted regarding the AKSS. Second, criterion validity was assessed for each of the two scales.ResultsConcerning knowledge of autism, a two‐factor model (8 items) explaining 53% of the variance was observed. The first factor represented knowledge about aetiology and the second represented knowledge about symptoms. Concerning attitudes towards autism, a one‐factor model (14 items) exhibited good model fit (χ2/df = 1.71, RMSEA = .048, AGFI = .979, SRMR = .068, CFI = .987, NNFI = .984). As expected, participants who were specialized teachers, had training, and a high degree of contact with autism had more knowledge (regarding aetiology but not regarding symptoms) and more positive attitudes.ConclusionsThis study validated two quick‐to‐use tools for making an initial diagnosis of teachers' knowledge and attitudes regarding the school inclusion of autistic children. The use of these tools could help to fine‐tune the content of training programs for teachers and test their efficacy, particularly in France where the inclusion of autistic children is still far from international standards.
The nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 agonist tert‐butylhydroquinone improves bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell function in prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Luo Xue‐Yi , Kong Yuan , Lv Meng , Mo Xiao‐Dong , Wang Yu , Xu Lan‐Ping , Zhang Xiao‐Hui , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Tang Fei‐Fei 
Published: December 2022

SummaryProlonged isolated thrombocytopenia (PT) is a life‐threatening comorbidity associated with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). Our previous study indicated that dysfunctional bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM MSCs) played a role in PT pathogenesis and that reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was related to BM MSC senescence and apoptosis. However, the mechanism of the increase in ROS levels in the BM MSCs of PT patients is unknown. In the current case‐control study, we investigated whether nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2), which is a central regulator of the cellular anti‐oxidant response that can clear ROS in human BM MSCs, was associated with PT after allo‐HSCT. We evaluated whether an NRF2 agonist (tert‐butylhydroquinone, TBHQ) could enhance BM MSCs from PT patients in vitro. We found that BM MSCs from PT patients exhibited increased ROS levels and reduced NRF2 expression. Multivariate analysis showed that low NRF2 expression was an independent risk factor for primary PT [p = 0.032, Odds ratio (OR) 0.868, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.764–0.988]. In‐vitro treatment with TBHQ improved the quantity and function of BM MSCs from PT patients by downregulating ROS levels and rescued the impaired BM MSC support of megakaryocytopoiesis. In conclusion, these results suggested that NRF2 downregulation in human BM MSCs might be involved in the pathogenesis of PT after allo‐HSCT and that BM MSC impairment could be improved by NRF2 agonist in vitro. Although further validation is needed, our data indicate that NRF2 agonists might be a potential therapeutic approach for PT patients after allo‐HSCT.
Erythrocyte type 1 equilibrative nucleoside transporter expression in sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait
Authors: Koehl Bérengère , Claude Livia , Reminy Karen , Tarer Vanessa , Baccini Véronique , Romana Marc , Colin‐Aronovicz Yves , Damaraju Vijaya L. , Sawyer Michael , Peyrard Thierry , Etienne‐Julan Maryse , Le Van Kim Caroline , Azouzi Slim , Reininger Luc 
Published: December 2022

SummaryHypoxia‐mediated red blood cell (RBC) sickling is central to the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD). The signalling nucleoside adenosine is thought to play a significant role in this process. This study investigated expression of the erythrocyte type 1 equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT1), a key regulator of plasma adenosine, in adult patients with SCD and carriers of sickle cell trait (SCT). Relative quantitative expression analysis of erythrocyte ENT1 was carried out by Western blot and flow cytometry. Patients with SCD with steady state conditions, either with SS or SC genotype, untreated or under hydroxycarbamide (HC) treatment, exhibited a relatively high variability of erythrocyte ENT1, but with levels not significantly different from normal controls. Most strikingly, expression of erythrocyte ENT1 was found to be significantly decreased in patients with SCD undergoing painful vaso‐occlusive episode and, unexpectedly, also in healthy SCT carriers. Promoting hypoxia‐induced adenosine signalling, the reduced expression of erythrocyte ENT1 might contribute to the pathophysiology of SCD and to the susceptibility of SCT individuals to altitude hypoxia or exercise to exhaustion.
Topological disruption of high‐order functional networks in cognitively preserved Parkinson's disease
Authors: Shang Song'an , Zhu Siying , Wu Jingtao , Xu Yao , Chen Lanlan , Dou Weiqiang , Yin Xindao , Chen Yu‐Chen , Shen Dejuan , Ye Jing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to characterize the topological alterations and classification performance of high‐order functional connectivity (HOFC) networks in cognitively preserved patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), relative to low‐order FC (LOFC) networks.MethodsThe topological metrics of the constructed networks (LOFC and HOFC) obtained from fifty‐one cognitively normal patients with PD and 60 matched healthy control subjects were analyzed. The discriminative abilities were evaluated using machine learning approach.ResultsThe HOFC networks in the PD group showed decreased segregation and integration. The normalized clustering coefficient and small‐worldness in the HOFC networks were correlated to motor performance. The altered nodal centralities (distributed in the precuneus, putamen, lingual gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, motor area, postcentral gyrus and inferior occipital gyrus) and intermodular FC (frontoparietal and visual networks, sensorimotor and subcortical networks) were specific to HOFC networks. Several highly connected nodes (thalamus, paracentral lobule, calcarine fissure and precuneus) and improved classification performance were found based on HOFC profiles.ConclusionThis study identified disrupted topology of functional interactions at a high level with extensive alterations in topological properties and improved differentiation ability in patients with PD prior to clinical symptoms of cognitive impairment, providing complementary insights into complex neurodegeneration in PD.
Multiple dermatofibromas, associated clinical and histological characteristics: A systematic review
Authors: Seifi Golnoosh , Kalantari Yasamin , Etesami Ifa 
Published: December 2022

SummaryMultiple dermatofibromas (DFs) are rare benign fibrohistiocytic lesions characterized by asymptomatic hyperpigmented nodules. Several diseases, like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, are found to be associated with multiple DFs. Here, we designed a systematic review by an electronic search of PubMed and Embase databases to select case reports of multiple DFs (29 May 2021). From 2,145 initially found articles, 96 studies (106 cases) were included. We classified multiple DFs (>1 DF lesion) into four subtypes and separately investigated clinical characteristics of each one: multiple eruptive DFs (MEDFs) (n = 45), multiple (n = 41), multiple clustered DFs (MCDFs) (n = 18), and giant combined (n = 2). The patients’ mean age was 38.3 ± 14.7 years. The majority were female (61.3 %). The lesions were commonly on the trunk and extremities (36.8 %). MEDFs (n = 36) had the most rapid disease onset (2.0 ± 6.6 years). Immunosuppression induced by either HIV (10.3 %) and hematologic malignancy (9.4 %) or immunosuppressive drugs (23.4 %) along with SLE (19.8 %) were the most observed associations. However, 66.7 % of the MCDF patients were otherwise healthy individuals. As for disease management, surgery and follow‐up were the preferred options. Most of the cases showed neither resolution nor development of new lesions in follow‐up.
Medical error analysis in dermatology according to the reports of the North Rhine Medical Association from 2004 to 2018
Authors: Lehmann Lion , Appelbaum Sebastian , Ostermann Thomas , Weber Beate , Hofmann Silke C. 
Published: December 2022

SummaryBackgroundAssessment of complaints addressed to the Expert Committee for Medical Malpractice Claims of the North Rhine Medical Association helps to identify quality assurance problems in dermatology.Methods333 dermatological reports (years 2004–2018) were allocated to three five‐year intervals in order to show changes of total number of reports and with regard to indications, types of care, defined diagnosis categories, and therapeutic interventions. Statistical analysis was mainly descriptive (SPSS 27). Representative cases are explained in more detail.ResultsThe number of dermatological reports fell from 119 in the first to 92 reports in the last five‐year interval, along with a decline in treatment error rates (43 % and 29 %) despite an increasing number of procedures across disciplines. 104 reports dealt with (supposed) diagnostic errors, 156 with physical or pharmacological therapies, and 73 reports with surgery. The latter had a low treatment error rate (29 %).ConclusionsIn comparison to the number of dermatological treatments in Germany, patient allegations are raised only rarely indicating greater patient satisfaction and/or a lower risk potential in dermatology. Incorrect dosages or device settings, diagnostic errors, and deficits in obtaining informed consent are relevant sources of error as underlined by the presented case reports.
Prosodic modulations in child‐directed language and their impact on word learning
Authors: Shi Jinyu , Gu Yan , Vigliocco Gabriella 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChild‐directed language can support language learning, but how? We addressed two questions: (1) how caregivers prosodically modulated their speech as a function of word familiarity (known or unknown to the child) and accessibility of referent (visually present or absent from the immediate environment); (2) whether such modulations affect children's unknown word learning and vocabulary development. We used data from 38 English‐speaking caregivers (from the ECOLANG corpus) talking about toys (both known and unknown to their children aged 3–4 years) both when the toys are present and when absent. We analyzed prosodic dimensions (i.e., speaking rate, pitch and intensity) of caregivers’ productions of 6529 toy labels. We found that unknown labels were spoken with significantly slower speaking rate, wider pitch and intensity range than known labels, especially in the first mentions, suggesting that caregivers adjust their prosody based on children's lexical knowledge. Moreover, caregivers used slower speaking rate and larger intensity range to mark the first mentions of toys that were physically absent. After the first mentions, they talked about the referents louder with higher mean pitch when toys were present than when toys were absent. Crucially, caregivers’ mean pitch of unknown words and the degree of mean pitch modulation for unknown words relative to known words (pitch ratio) predicted children's immediate word learning and vocabulary size 1 year later. In conclusion, caregivers modify their prosody when the learning situation is more demanding for children, and these helpful modulations assist children in word learning.Research Highlights
In naturalistic interactions, caregivers use slower speaking rate, wider pitch and intensity range when introducing new labels to 3–4‐year‐old children, especially in first mentions.
Compared to when toys are present, caregivers speak more slowly with larger intensity range to mark the first mentions of toys that are physically absent.
Mean pitch to mark word familiarity predicts children's immediate word learning and future vocabulary size.
Computer‐assisted removal of an ectopic tooth from the mandibular fossa through a mandibular condylectomy approach in a Comptois gelding
Authors: Greim Eloïse , de Preux Mathieu , Koch Christoph , Petruccione Ilaria , Klopfenstein Bregger Micael D. , van der Vekens Elke , Brünisholz Hervé 
Published: December 2022

SummaryA 3‐year‐old Comptois gelding with a history of chronic fistulation at the base of the right ear was referred for the treatment of a unilateral ectopic tooth in the right temporal region. Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) confirmed the presence of an ectopic tooth in the right mandibular fossa. The ectopic tooth was associated with a draining tract running through the zygomatic process of the right temporal bone. A total mandibular condylectomy provided a direct approach to the ectopic tooth, which was subsequently successfully removed. Long‐term follow‐up confirmed a satisfactory outcome despite the need for repeated debridement and persistence of a small draining tract 15 months postoperatively. Computer‐assisted surgery (CAS) provided precise anatomical intraoperative orientation for the condylectomy and subsequent removal of the ectopic tooth close to the calvarium. The use of CAS greatly facilitated surgery and minimised the risks of important collateral damage.
Interactions between oceanographic variables and population structure of the yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) in the Western Central Atlantic
Authors: Nóbrega Marcelo Francisco , de Lira Marcelo Gomes , Oliveira Matheus Assis , Oliveira Jorge Eduardo Lins 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPelagic fish species, such as tunas, represent important resources for the fishing fleets of several countries. Identifying spatiotemporal distributions of abundance, structure of sizes, weights and influences of environmental variables is extremely important to promote sustainable catches and efficient management plans for fisheries stocks. This present study aimed to analyse the spatiotemporal distribution of Thunnus albacares, their relationships with oceanographic variables, as well as size and weight structure, and the proportions of life stages/phases in catches, mainly within the Brazilian Exclusive Economic Zone. Data were obtained on longline fleet catches; the sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll‐a (Chla) were measured in an area ranging from 42.2° to 24.8° W and 5.9° S to 8.8° N; the lunar cycle was also studied. Generalised Additive Models and spatial statistics techniques were used to model the effect of the variables on catch per unit effort (CPUE) and on length structure. The results indicate that the distribution, abundance and length structure of T. albacares are strongly associated with environmental (SST and Chla), temporal (year, months, seasons and moon phases) and spatial (latitude, longitude and hemisphere) variables. The comparison of catch sizes with the first length at maturity (L50) indicated that approximately half of the catches are on young specimens, showing great variation over the years, reaching 74.8% in 2012. These results show that providences should be taken focusing on mitigating young specimens' capture and the sustainable exploitation of tuna in the Atlantic. The patterns of CPUE and length strongly support the feeding and spawning migration hypotheses.
The clinical effect of botulinum toxin on pigmentation
Authors: Erdil Duygu , Manav Vildan , Türk Cemre B. , Kara Polat Asude , Koku Aksu Ayşe E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundBotulinum toxin injection is a common cosmetic procedure often used to treat dynamic wrinkles, but it has also been observed to have a lightening effect on the skin. It is thought that this lightening effect develops due to muscle innervation blockage; however, the change in the amount of melanin levels has not been quantified.MethodThirty‐one patients who presented to the dermatology clinic of a tertiary hospital for botulinum toxin injection for wrinkle treatment were included in the study. A standard dose of botulinum toxin was injected to each patient's forehead, glabellar, and crow's feet region, and then the melanin index (MI) was measured with the Mexameter® MX 18 (Courage + Khazaka Electronic, Köln).ResultsAfter botulinum toxin treatment, a statistically significant decrease was found in the forehead and upper face MI. The upper face total baseline MI was significantly lower in the Glogau 1 group than in the Glogau 2 group (P = 0.033). The forehead 15th day MI was significantly lower in the Glogau 1 group than in the Glogau 2, 3, and 4 groups (P = 0.030).DiscussionBotulinum toxin application to healthy skin for wrinkle treatment can cause facial skin lightening by reducing MI. It was also remarkable that this decrease was more pronounced in the forehead, which is a region that is particularly vulnerable to sun exposure, compared to other regions. Younger people, who are included in the Glogau type 1 group, may benefit more from this lightening effect.