bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smoking Is Related to Worse Cancer-related Symptom Burden
Authors: Oswald Laura B , Brownstein Naomi C , Whiting Junmin , Hoogland Aasha I , Saravia Sabrina , Kirtane Kedar , Chung Christine H , Vinci Christine , Gonzalez Brian D , Johnstone Peter A S , Jim Heather S L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Cigarette smoking is related to greater cancer incidence, worse cancer-related clinical outcomes, and worse patient quality of life. Few studies have evaluated the role of smoking in patients’ experiences of cancer-related symptom burden. This study examined relationships between smoking and total symptom burden as well as the incidence of severe symptoms among adult cancer patients.

Patients and Methods
Patients at Moffitt Cancer Center completed self-report surveys as part of routine cancer care. Symptom burden was evaluated as the sum of individual symptom ratings (total symptom burden) and the number of symptoms rated severe (incidence of severe symptoms). Zero-inflated negative binomial modeling was used to evaluate the relationships between smoking status (ever vs never smoker) and symptom burden outcomes controlling for relevant sociodemographic and clinical covariates and accounting for the proportion of participants reporting no symptom burden.

Results
This study included 12 571 cancer patients. More than half reported a history of cigarette smoking (n = 6771, 55%). Relative to never smokers, participants with a smoking history had 15% worse expected total symptom burden (ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.20, P &lt; .001) and 13% more expected severe symptoms (ratio = 1.13, 95% CI 1.05-1.21, P = .001) above and beyond the effects of relevant sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

Conclusion
Results provide support that smoking is associated with worse cancer symptom burden. More research is needed to evaluate how smoking history (ie, current vs former smoker) and smoking cessation influence cancer symptom burden.
Efficacy and Safety of Cetuximab Dosing (biweekly vs weekly) in Patients with KRAS Wild-type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Parikh Aparna R , Gonzalez-Gugel Elena , Smolyakova Natalia , Jen Min-Hua , Toms Nikki , Lin Yong , Kim Jong Seok , Kopetz Scott 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Cetuximab 500 mg/m2 biweekly (Q2W) plus chemotherapy is commonly used and recommended by NCCN guidelines. This meta-analysis compares efficacy and safety between Q2W versus weekly (Q1W) cetuximab dosing.

Methods
A systematic literature review was performed on Pubmed and RightFind (2007-2017) for patients with KRAS wild-type mCRC who received Q2W or Q1W cetuximab and other treatments. Observational studies and case reports were excluded. Randomized trials comparing Q2W and Q1W dosing, and single-arm trials with only Q2W schedule were included. CRYSTAL, a phase 3 randomized study with Q1W cetuximab dosing was paired with each single-arm study with a Q2W schedule and reweighted to achieve similar demographic/baseline characteristics. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with hazard ratios (HR), overall response rate (ORR) with odds ratios, and risk difference of adverse events of special interest (AESI) between Q2W versus Q1W cetuximab were analyzed.

Results
Five phase 2 studies with cetuximab Q2W/Q1W dosing schedules were identified: CECOG (phase 2; Q2W, n = 77; Q1W, n = 75), NORDIC 7.5 (phase 2; Q2W, n = 152) and NORDIC 7 (arm C of phase 3; Q1W, n = 109), CELINE (n = 60), OPTIMIX (n = 99), and APEC (n = 289) all phase 2, Q2W, single-arm studies paired with CRYSTAL Q1W dosing (n = 303). Efficacy was similar between Q2W versus Q1W administration; OS HR = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.89, 1.04]; PFS HR = 0.96, 95% CI [0.87, 1.05]; ORR odds ratio 1.16, 95% CI [0.96, 1.41]. Mean differences (Q2W-Q1W) across AESI rates were not clinically meaningful with no obvious directionality.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis demonstrated no significant differences in efficacy and safety between Q2W versus Q1W cetuximab administration in mCRC patients.
Impact of a Multidisciplinary Tumor Board on the Care of Patients with Histiocytic Disorders: The Histiocytosis Working Group experience
Authors: Goyal Gaurav , Young Jason R , Abeykoon Jithma P , Shah Mithun V , Bennani N Nora , Sartori-Valinotti Julio C , Vassallo Robert , Ryu Jay H , Tobin W Oliver , Koster Matthew J , Davidge-Pitts Caroline J , Ravindran Aishwarya , Rech Karen L , Go Ronald S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Histiocytic disorders pose significant diagnostic and management challenges for the clinicians due to diverse clinical manifestations and often non-specific histopathologic findings. Herein, we report the tumor board experience from the first-of-its-kind Histiocytosis Working Group (HWG).

Materials and Methods
The HWG was established in June 2017 and consists of experts from 10 subspecialties that discuss cases in a multidisciplinary format. We present the outcome of tumor board case discussions during the first 2 years since its inception (June 2017-June 2019).

Results
Forty cases with a suspected histiocytic disorder were reviewed at HWG during this time period. Average number of subspecialties involved in HWG case discussion was 5 (range, 2-9). Histiocytosis Working Group tumor board recommendations led to significant changes in the care of 24 (60%) patients. These included change in diagnosis (n = 11, 27%) and change in treatment (n = 13, 33%).

Conclusion
Our report highlights the feasibility of a multidisciplinary tumor board and its impact on outcomes of patients with histiocytic disorders.
Prospective Comparison of Geriatric Assessment and Provider’s Assessment of Older Adults With Metastatic Breast Cancer in the Community
Authors: Seedor Rino S , Meeker Caitlin R , Lewis Bianca , Handorf Elizabeth A , Filchner Kelly A , Varadarajan Ramya , Hensold Jack , Padmanabhan Aruna , Negin Benjamin , Blankstein Kenneth , Chawla Neha R , Song Wei (Frank) , Epstein Jessica , Winn Jennifer , Goldstein Lori J , Dotan Efrat 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Geriatric assessment (GA) is recommended for evaluating fitness of an older adult with cancer. Our objective was to prospectively evaluate the gaps that exist in the assessment of older adults with metastatic breast cancer (OA-MBC) in community practices (CP).

Methods
Self-administered GA was compared to provider’s assessment (PA) of patients living with MBC aged ≥65 years treated in CP Providers were blinded to the GA results until PA was completed. McNemar’s test was used to detect differences between PA and GA.

Results
One hundred patients were enrolled across 9 CP (median age 73.9). Geriatric assessment detected a total of 356 abnormalities in 96 patients; of which, 223 required interventions. African American and widowed/single patients were more likely to have abnormalities identified by GA. On average, across 100 patients, PA did not detect 25.5% of GA-detected abnormalities, mostly in functional status, social support, nutrition, and cognition. These differences were less pronounced among providers with more clinical experience. Patients with abnormal Timed Up and Go tests more likely had additional abnormalities in other domains, and more abnormalities that were not identified by PA. Providers were “surprised” by GA results in 33% of cases, mainly with cognitive or social support findings, and reported plans for management change for 39% of patients based on GA findings.

Conclusions
Including a GA in the care of OA-MBC in CP is beneficial for the detection of multiple abnormalities not detected by routine PA.
Depression, Anxiety, and Patterns of Mental Health Care Among Men With Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Authors: Tsao Phoebe A , Ross Ryan D , Bohnert Amy S B , Mukherjee Bhramar , Caram Megan E V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) use is associated with an increased risk of developing depression and anxiety. Little is known about how the mental health of these men is treated.

Materials and Methods
We identified men with prostate cancer who received ADT between 2001 and 2015 using Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database. We determined the incidence of depression or anxiety diagnoses, mental health treatments, and the specialty of providers initiating psychotropic medications, after the start of ADT. Outcomes were compared with those of men with prostate cancer not receiving ADT and men without prostate cancer.

Results
Of 37 388 men with prostate cancer treated with ADT, 3964 (10.6%) received a new diagnosis of depression or anxiety. Of those 3964 men, 1892 (47.7%) did not receive a documented treatment, 10 (0.3%) received psychotherapy, 1321 (33.3%) a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and 744 (18.8%) a benzodiazepine. The median time from initiation of ADT to a depression or anxiety diagnosis was 9.3 months. Primary care physicians were the most common prescribers of psychotropic medications (72.2%). The proportion of men not receiving mental health treatments of interest (47.7%) was similar compared to men without prostate cancer (49.1%), but statistically significantly lower compared to men with prostate cancer not receiving ADT (52.7%).

Conclusions
In men with prostate cancer receiving ADT with a new diagnosis of depression or anxiety, nearly half are not receiving mental health care while one in five is introduced to a benzodiazepine. Further investigation toward improving the mental health care for men on ADT is needed.
Age-related Differences in Recall of Information and Handling of Chemotherapy-related Side Effects in Cancer Patients: The ReCap Study
Authors: Lund Cecilia Margareta , Mikkelsen M K , Theile S , Michelsen H M , Schultz M , Sengeløv L , Nielsen D L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
To prevent severe toxicity and hospital admissions, adequate management and recall of information about side effects are crucial and health literacy plays an important role. If age-related factors impact recall of given information and handling of side effects, revised ways to give information are required.

Patients and Methods
We undertook a questionnaire-based survey among 188 newly diagnosed patients with pancreatic cancer or colorectal cancer and chemo-naive patients with prostate cancer treated with adjuvant or first-line palliative chemotherapy comprising satisfaction with given information, recall of potential side effects, and handling of hypothetical side effect scenarios. We evaluated the association between baseline characteristics, ie, age, frailty (G8 score), comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index), cognitive function (Mini-Cog), satisfaction, recall of information, and handling of side effects.

Results
Reduced ability to recall information about several side effects (eg, chest pain) was associated with older age (odds ratio adjusted for cancer [aOR] 0.94 [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) and poor cognitive screening (aOR 0.56 [95% CI, 0.33-0.91]). Insufficient or dangerous handling of side effects was associated with older age (aOR 0.96 (95% CI, 0.92-0.99)) and cognitive impairment (aOR 0.70 [95% CI, 0.50-0.95]).

Conclusion
Older age and poor cognitive screening may impact patients’ ability to understand and adequately handle chemotherapy-related side effects. Cognitive screening and focus on individual ways to give information including assessment of recall and handling are needed.
Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients with Cancer in a High-Volume Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Brunello Antonella , Guarneri Valentina , Coppola Marina , Bernardi Matteo , Ottolitri Ketti , Ghi Maria Grazia , Mioranza Eleonora , Vianello Federica , Gottardi Michele , Lonardi Sara , Zagonel Vittorina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Few data are available on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in cancer patients undergoing active cancer-directed treatment.

Patients and Methods
This case series analyzes outcomes in terms of adverse events in 5297 patients undergoing anti-cancer treatment who were vaccinated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine at a single cancer center from March 6, 2021 to May 9, 2021. Adverse events were retrieved from the national Italian pharmacovigilance platform (http://www.vigicovid.it).

Results
Of the 5297 patients treated for either solid tumors (87%) or onco-hematologic malignancies (13%) who were vaccinated, 8 adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were reported. One was a severe ADR and 7 were non-severe ADRs. Non-severe ADRs resolved within 48 hours.

Conclusion
BNT162b2 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was safely administered in the largest cohort of cancer patients reported to date.
Survival According to Primary Tumor Location, Stage, and Treatment Patterns in Locoregional Gastroenteropancreatic High-grade Neuroendocrine Carcinomas
Authors: Dasari Arvind , Shen Chan , Devabhaktuni Anjali , Nighot Ruda , Sorbye Halfdan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Although the gastrointestinal tract (including the pancreas, gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) is the most common site for extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), the current treatment patterns of locoregional GEP NEC and in particular, the role of surgical resection is unclear.

Methods
Data from the National Cancer Database between 2004 and 2016 were used for this study.

Results
Of 2314 GEP NEC cases (stages I–III), 52.5% were stage III. Colon was the most common site (30%); 30.9% of all cases were small cell morphology. Age, morphology, stage, and primary site were associated with significant differences in treatment patterns. Management of NEC mimicked that of adenocarcinomas arising at the respective sites: colon NEC most likely to be treated with surgery and chemotherapy; anal and esophageal NEC was primarily likely to receive chemotherapy and radiation, and rectal NEC mostly likely to receive trimodality therapy. However, 25%-40% of patients did not undergo surgical resection even at sites typically managed with curative resection, and there was a trend toward lesser resection over time. The prognostic impact of surgical resection was significant across all stages and correlated with variations in survival across primary sites. Even in patients undergoing chemoradiation, surgery was the only prognostic variable that significantly affected survival in stages I–II patients (HR 0.63) and showed a strong trend in stage III (HR 0.77) patients.

Conclusions
Treatment patterns in GEP NEC vary considerably according to stage and primary tumor site. Surgery significantly improved survival in stages I–II patients and showed a strong trend in stage III patients regardless of primary tumor location and other perioperative therapies.
Position Statement on the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Response Evaluation to Systemic Therapies of Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors, With a Special Focus on Radioligand Therapy
Authors: Capdevila Jaume , Grande Enrique , García-Carbonero Rocío , Simó Marc , del Olmo-García Mª Isabel , Jiménez-Fonseca Paula , Carmona-Bayonas Alberto , Pubul Virginia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to provide a guidance for the management of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in clinical practice.

Material and Methods
Nominal group and Delphi techniques were used. A steering committee of 8 experts reviewed the current management of NETs, identified controversies and gaps, critically analyzed the available evidence, and formulated several guiding statements for clinicians. Subsequently, a panel of 26 experts, was selected to test agreement with the statements through 2 Delphi rounds. Items were scored on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 = totally agree to 4 = totally disagree. The agreement was considered if ≥75% of answers pertained to Categories 1 and 2 (consensus with the agreement) or Categories 3 and 4 (consensus with the disagreement).

Results
Overall, 132 statements were proposed, which incorporated the following areas: (1) overarching principles; (2) progression and treatment response criteria; (3) advanced gastro-enteric NETs; (4) advanced pancreatic NETs; (5) advanced NETs in other locations; (6) re-treatment with radioligand therapy (RLT); (7) neoadjuvant therapy. After 2 Delphi rounds, only 4 statements lacked a clear consensus. RLT was not only recommended in the sequencing of different NETs but also as neoadjuvant treatment, while several indications for retreatment with RLT were also established.

Conclusion
This document sought to pull together the experts’ attitudes when dealing with different clinical scenarios of patients suffering from NETs, with RLT having a specific role where evidence-based data are limited.
Outcomes of Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Chemotherapy, Biologic Therapy, Endocrine Therapy, or Active Surveillance During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Marks Douglas K , Budhathoki Nibash , Kucharczyk John , Fa’ak Faisal , D’Abreo Nina , Kwa Maryann , Plasilova Magdalena , Dhage Shubhada , Soe Phyu Phyu , Becker Daniel , Hindenburg Alexander , Lee Johanna , Winner Megan , Okpara Chinyere , Daly Alison , Shah Darshi , Ramdhanny Angela , Meyers Marleen , Oratz Ruth , Speyer James , Novik Yelena , Schnabel Freya , Jones Simon A , Adams Sylvia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeProvide real-world data regarding the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality in breast cancer (BC) patients on active cancer treatment.MethodsClinical data were abstracted from the 3778 BC patients seen at a multisite cancer center in New York between February 1, 2020 and May 1, 2020, including patient demographics, tumor histology, cancer treatment, and SARS-CoV-2 testing results. Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection by treatment type (chemotherapy [CT] vs endocrine and/or HER2 directed therapy [E/H]) was compared by Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting. In those diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, Mann–Whitney test was used to a assess risk factors for severe disease and mortality.ResultsThree thousand sixty-two patients met study inclusion criteria with 641 patients tested for SARS-COV-2 by RT-PCR or serology. Overall, 64 patients (2.1%) were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection by either serology, RT-PCR, or documented clinical diagnosis. Comparing matched patients who received chemotherapy (n = 379) with those who received non-cytotoxic therapies (n = 2343) the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 did not differ between treatment groups (weighted risk; 3.5% CT vs 2.7% E/H, P = .523). Twenty-seven patients (0.9%) expired over follow-up, with 10 deaths attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Chemotherapy was not associated with increased risk for death following SARS-CoV-2 infection (weighted risk; 0.7% CT vs 0.1% E/H, P = .246). Advanced disease (stage IV), age, BMI, and Charlson’s Comorbidity Index score were associated with increased mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection (P ≤ .05).ConclusionBC treatment, including chemotherapy, can be safely administered in the context of enhanced infectious precautions, and should not be withheld particularly when given for curative intent.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related New-onset Thyroid Dysfunction: A Retrospective Analysis Using the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Lu Difei , Yao Jun , Yuan Geheng , Gao Ying , Zhang Junqing , Guo Xiaohui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and demographic characteristics of an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related thyroid dysfunction (ICI-TD), and to explore risk factors of poor clinical outcome using data from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods
This is a retrospective study. All cases, aged over 18-year olds, of new-onset or new-diagnosed thyroid dysfunction related to FDA-approved ICIs from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020 were identified using FAERS. Data of age, gender, other combined endocrinopathies related to ICIs besides ICI-TDs, and the prognosis was analyzed.

Results
In total, 2.60% (2971/114 121) cases of ICI-TDs were identified. Among them, 1842 (62.0%) developed hypothyroidism, 675 (22.7%) were hyperthyroidism, and 454 (15.3%) presented in thyroiditis without the mention of thyroid function. Patients on anti- programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy displayed higher risk of hypothyroidism compared with other 3 regimens, respectively (P &lt; .01 for all). The likelihood of other immune-related endocrinopathies in patients on the combination therapy of anti-cytotoxic T-cell-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) and anti-PD-1 was significantly elevated than anti-PD-1 (odds ratio [OR] 2.362, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.925-2.898], P &lt; .001) and anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) regimens (OR 4.857, 95%CI [3.228-7.308], P &lt; .001). The risk of severe cases was positively related to hypothyroidism in individuals on anti-PD-1 therapy (OR 1.587, 95%CI [1.146-2.197], P = .005) and those on anti-CTLA-4 therapy (OR 3.616, 95%CI [1.285-10.171], P = .015). The risk of severe cases was positively associated with the comorbidity with other endocrinopathies (anti-PD-1 group, OR 0.285, 95%CI [0.200-0.467], P &lt; .001; anti-PD-1+anti-CTLA-4 group, OR 0.574, 95%CI [0.371-0.890], P = .013).

Conclusions
Regular monitor of thyroid function is indispensable, since ICI-TDs manifested as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, especially those on the combination therapy. Awareness among health care professionals is critical when hypothyroidism occurs, which might indicate poor clinical outcomes.
Comprehensive Characterization of the Genomic Landscape in Chinese Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors Reveals Prognostic and Therapeutic Markers (CSWOG-1901)
Authors: Peng Wenying , Cao Liming , Chen Likun , Lin Gen , Zhu Bo , Hu Xiaohua , Lin Yingcheng , Zhang Sheng , Jiang Meilin , Wang Jingyi , Li Junjun , Li Chao , Shao Lin , Du Haiwei , Hou Ting , Chen Zhiqiu , Xiang Jianxing , Pu Xingxiang , Li Jia , Xu Fang , Loong Herbert , Wu Lin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) include typical carcinoid (TC), atypical carcinoid (AC), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). The optimal treatment strategy for each subtype remains elusive, partly due to the lack of comprehensive understanding of their molecular features. We aimed to explore differential genomic signatures in pNET subtypes and identify potential prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers.MethodsWe investigated genomic profiles of 57 LCNECs, 49 SCLCs, 18 TCs, and 24 ACs by sequencing tumor tissues with a 520-gene panel and explored the associations between genomic features and prognosis.ResultsBoth LCNEC and SCLC displayed higher mutation rates for TP53, PRKDC, SPTA1, NOTCH1, NOTCH2, and PTPRD than TC and AC. Small cell lung carcinoma harbored more frequent co-alterations in TP53-RB1, alterations in PIK3CA and SOX2, and mutations in HIF-1, VEGF and Notch pathways. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (12.7 mutations/Mb) and SCLC (11.9 mutations/Mb) showed higher tumor mutational burdens than TC (2.4 mutations/Mb) and AC (7.1 mutations/Mb). 26.3% of LCNECs and 20.8% of ACs harbored alterations in classical non-small cell lung cancer driver genes. The presence of alterations in the homologous recombination pathway predicted longer progression-free survival in advanced LCNEC patients with systemic therapy (P = .005) and longer overall survival (OS) in SCLC patients with resection (P = .011). The presence of alterations in VEGF (P = .048) and estrogen (P = .018) signaling pathways both correlated with better OS in patients with resected SCLC.ConclusionWe performed a comprehensive genomic investigation on 4 pNET subtypes in the Chinese population. Our data revealed distinctive genomic signatures in subtypes and provided new insights into the prognostic and therapeutic stratification of pNETs.