bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First identification of bovine hepacivirus in wild boars
Authors: de Martinis Claudio , Cardillo Lorena , Esposito Claudia , Viscardi Maurizio , Barca Lorella , Cavallo Stefania , D’Alessio Nicola , Martella Vito , Fusco Giovanna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in humans. Humans were long considered the only hosts of Hepacivirus. Recently HCV-like sequences have been found in several animal species. Hepaciviruses are considered species-specific but a wider host range and a zoonotic role has been hypothesized. We report the first detection of bovine hepacivirus (BovHepV) sequences in wild boars. A total of 310 wild boars hunted in Campania region were investigated with a pan-hepacivirus nested-PCR protocol for the NS3 gene. Hepacivirus RNA was detected in 5.8% of the animals. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed high homology with BovHepV subtype F, with nucleotide identity of 99%. The positive wild boars were georeferenced, revealing high density of livestock farms, with no clear distinction between animal husbandry and hunting areas. These findings might suggest the ability of BovHepV to cross the host-species barrier and infect wild boars.
Supplementation of xylo-oligosaccharides to suckling piglets promotes the growth of fiber-degrading gut bacterial populations during the lactation and nursery periods
Authors: González-Solé Francesc , Solà-Oriol David , Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , Rodriguez-Prado Maria , González Ortiz Gemma , Bedford Michael R. , Pérez José Francisco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModulating early-life microbial colonization through xylo-oligosacharides (XOS) supplementation represents an opportunity to accelerate the establishment of fiber-degrading microbial populations and improve intestinal health. Ninety piglets from 15 litters were orally administered once a day from d7 to d27 of lactation with either 5 mL of water (CON) or 5 mL of a solution containing 30 to 60 mg of XOS (XOS). Supplementation ceased at weaning (d28) when all piglets were fed the same commercial pre-starter diet. Growth performance did not differ between treatments during the experimental period (d7 to d40). Piglet’s fecal microbiota (n = 30) shifted significantly from the end of lactation (d27) to nursery period (d40) exhibiting an increase in microbial alpha diversity. Animals supplemented with XOS showed higher richness and abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production at d27 and d40. Additionally, the predicted abundance of the pyruvate to butanoate fermentation pathway was increased in the XOS group at d40. These results show that supplementation of XOS to lactating piglets promotes fiber-degrading bacterial populations in their hindgut. Moreover, differences observed in the nursery period suggest that XOS can influence the microbiota in the long-term.
Neuroimaging features of antiphospholipid antibody-related stroke compared with atrial fibrillation-related stroke
Authors: Yang Wookjin , Kang Dong-Wan , Kim Jeong-Min , Jung Keun-Hwa , Lee Seung-Hoon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecognizing the lesion pattern of antiphospholipid antibody-related stroke (aPL-stroke) may contribute to establishing the cause in patients with cryptogenic stroke. We aimed to describe the neuroimaging features of aPL-stroke compared with atrial fibrillation-related stroke (AF-stroke), a major hidden cause of cryptogenic stroke. Using a prospective stroke registry, we identified consecutive aPL- and AF-stroke patients without other potential causes of stroke. Neuroimaging features based on diffusion-weighted imaging and angiographic findings at admission were compared. A total of 56 and 333 patients were included in the aPL- and AF-stroke groups, respectively. aPL-stroke patients more often presented with single small lesions (aPL-stroke, 30.4% vs. AF-stroke, 7.5%, p < 0.001), while the predominant pattern in AF-stroke patients was large territorial lesions (26.8% vs. 56.5%, p < 0.001). aPL-stroke patients had smaller infarct volume (1.58 mL [0.45; 9.41] vs. 11.32 mL [2.82; 33.08], p < 0.001) and less experience of relevant artery occlusion (17.9% vs. 54.7%, p < 0.001). The proportion of multi-territory lesions, an embolic pattern, was similar between the two groups (28.6% vs. 22.8%, p = 0.44). In comparison only including patients with multi-territory lesions as well, aPL-stroke patients showed small lesion dominance and smaller infarct volume. Multivariate analyses showed independent associations between mild neuroimaging features (small lesion prevalence, smaller infarct volume, and absence of relevant artery occlusion) and aPL-stroke. Patterns of small lesion prevalence, small infarct volume, and absence of relevant artery occlusion were suggestive of aPL-stroke rather than AF-stroke. Cryptogenic stroke patients with such neuroimaging features may benefit from aPL testing for a precise diagnosis.
Peptidomimetic inhibitors of TMPRSS2 block SARS-CoV-2 infection in cell culture
Authors: Wettstein Lukas , Knaff Philip Maximilian , Kersten Christian , Müller Patrick , Weil Tatjana , Conzelmann Carina , Müller Janis A , Brückner Maximilian , Hoffmann Markus , Pöhlmann Stefan , Schirmeister Tanja , Landfester Katharina , Münch Jan , Mailänder Volker 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) primes the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein for host cell entry and represents a promising target for COVID-19 therapy. Here we describe the in silico development and in vitro characterization of peptidomimetic TMPRSS2 inhibitors. Molecular docking studies identified peptidomimetic binders of the TMPRSS2 catalytic site, which were synthesized and coupled to an electrophilic serine trap. The compounds inhibit TMPRSS2 while demonstrating good off-target selectivity against selected coagulation proteases. Lead candidates are stable in blood serum and plasma for at least ten days. Finally, we show that selected peptidomimetics inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Spike-driven pseudovirus entry and authentic SARS-CoV-2 infection with comparable efficacy as camostat mesylate. The peptidomimetic TMPRSS2 inhibitors also prevent entry of recent SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern Delta and Omicron BA.1. In sum, our study reports antivirally active and stable TMPRSS2 inhibitors with prospects for further preclinical and clinical development as antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2 and other TMPRSS2-dependent viruses.
The eROSITA extragalactic CalPV serendipitous catalog
Authors: Liu Teng , Merloni Andrea , Wolf Julien , Salvato Mara , Reiprich Thomas H. , Comparat Johan , Arcodia Riccardo , Lamer Georg , Georgakakis Antonis , Dwelly Tom , Sanders Jeremy , Buchner Johannes , Haberl Frank , Ramos-Ceja Miriam E. , Wilms Jörn , Nandra Kirpal , Brunner Hermann , Brusa Marcella , Schwope Axel , Robrade Jan , Freyberg Michael , Boller Thomas , Maitra Chandreyee , Veronica Angie , Malyali Adam 
Published: July 2022

Context. The eROSITA X-ray telescope on board the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory performed calibration and performance verification (CalPV) observations between September 2019 and December 2019, ahead of the planned 4-yr all-sky surveys. Most of them were deep, pointing-mode observations.
Aims. We present here the X-ray catalog detected from the set of extra-galactic CalPV observations released to the public by the German eROSITA consortium, and the multiband counterparts of these X-ray sources.
Methods. We developed a source detection method optimized for point-like X-ray sources by including extended X-ray emission in the background measurement. The multiband counterparts were identified using a Bayesian method from the CatWISE catalog.
Results. Combining 11 CalPV fields, we present a catalog containing 9515 X-ray sources, whose X-ray fluxes were measured through spectral fitting. CatWISE counterparts are presented for 77% of the sources. Significant variabilities are found in 99 of the sources, which are also presented with this paper. Most of these fields show similar number counts of point sources as typical extragalactic fields, and a few harbor particular stellar populations.
AMICO galaxy clusters in KiDS-DR3: Constraints on cosmological parameters and on the normalisation of the mass-richness relation from clustering
Authors: Lesci G. F. , Nanni L. , Marulli F. , Moscardini L. , Veropalumbo A. , Maturi M. , Sereno M. , Radovich M. , Bellagamba F. , Roncarelli M. , Bardelli S. , Castignani G. , Covone G. , Giocoli C. , Ingoglia L. , Puddu E. 
Published: July 2022

Aims.We analysed the clustering of a photometric sample of galaxy clusters selected from the Third Data Release of the Kilo-Degree Survey, focusing on the redshift-space two-point correlation function (2PCF). We compared our measurements to theoretical predictions of the standard Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model.Methods.We measured the 2PCF of the sample in the cluster-centric radial ranger ∈ [5, 80]h−1Mpc, considering 4934 galaxy clusters with richnessλ* ≥ 15 in the redshift rangez ∈ [0.1, 0.6]. A Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis has been performed to constrain the cosmological parameters Ωm,σ8, andS8 ≡ σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5, assuming Gaussian priors on the mass-richness relation given by the posteriors obtained from a joint analysis of cluster counts and weak lensing. In addition, we constrained the normalisation of the mass-richness relation,α, with fixed cosmological parameters.Results.We obtained Ωm= 0.28+0.05−0.04,σ8= 0.82+0.14−0.12, andS8= 0.80+0.08−0.08. The constraint onS8is consistent within 1σwith the results from WMAP andPlanck. Furthermore, by fixing the cosmological parameters to those provided byPlanck, we obtainedα= 0.12+0.06−0.06, which is fully consistent with the result obtained from the joint analysis of cluster counts and weak lensing performed for this sample.
Atomic radiative data for oxygen and nitrogen for solar photospheric studies
Authors: Bautista Manuel A. , Bergemann Maria , Gallego Helena Carvajal , Gamrath Sébastien , Palmeri Patrick , Quinet Pascal 
Published: July 2022

Aims. Our recent reanalysis of the solar photospheric spectra with non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) models resulted in higher metal abundances compared to previous works. When applying the new chemical abundances to standard solar model calculations, the new composition resolves the long-standing discrepancies with independent constraints on the solar structure from helioseismology.
Methods. Critical to the determination of chemical abundances is the accuracy of the atomic data, especially the f values, used in the radiative transfer models. Here we describe, in detail, the calculations of f values for neutral oxygen and nitrogen used in our non-LTE models.
Results. Our calculations of f values are based on a multi-method, multi-code approach and they are the most detailed and extensive of its kind for the spectral lines of interest. We also report in this paper the details of an extensive R-matrix calculation of photoionization cross sections for oxygen.
Conclusions. Our calculation resulted in reliable f values with well-constrained uncertainties. We compare our results with previous theoretical and experimental determinations of atomic data. We also quantify the influence of adopted photoionization cross sections on the spectroscopic estimate of the solar O abundance, using data from different sources. We confirm that our 3D non-LTE value is robust and unaffected by the choice of photoionization data, contrary to the recent claim made by Nahar.
First light of BEaTriX, the new testing facility for the modular X-ray optics of the ATHENA mission
Authors: Basso S. , Salmaso B. , Spiga D. , Ghigo M. , Vecchi G. , Sironi G. , Cotroneo V. , Conconi P. , Redaelli E. , Bianco A. , Pareschi G. , Tagliaferri G. , Sisana D. , Pelliciari C. , Fiorini M. , Incorvaia S. , Uslenghi M. , Paoletti L. , Ferrari C. , Lolli R. , Zappettini A. , del Rio M. Sanchez , Parodi G. , Burwitz V. , Rukdee S. , Hartner G. , Müller T. , Schmidt T. , Langmeier A. , Della Monica Ferreira D. , Massahi S. , Gellert N. C. , Christensen F. , Bavdaz M. , Ferreira I. , Collon M. , Vacanti G. , Barrière N. M. 
Published: July 2022

Aims. The Beam Expander Testing X-ray facility (BEaTriX) is a unique X-ray apparatus now operated at the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), in Merate, Italy. It has been specifically designed to measure the point spread function (PSF) and the effective area (EA) of the X-ray mirror modules (MMs) of the Advanced Telescope for High-ENergy Astrophysics (ATHENA), based on silicon pore optics (SPO) technology, for verification before integration into the mirror assembly. To this end, BEaTriX generates a broad, uniform, monochromatic, and collimated X-ray beam at 4.51 keV. The beam collimation is better than a few arcseconds, ensuring reliable tests of the ATHENA MMs, in their focus at a 12 m distance.
Methods. In BEaTriX, a micro-focus X-ray source with a titanium anode is placed in the focus of a paraboloidal mirror, which generates a parallel beam. A crystal monochromator selects the 4.51 keV line, which is expanded to the final size by a crystal asymmetrically cut with respect to the crystalline planes. An in-house-built Hartmann plate was used to characterize the X-ray beam divergence, observing the deviation of X-ray beams from the nominal positions, on a 12-m-distant CCD camera. After characterization, the BEaTriX beam has the nominal dimensions of 170 mm × 60 mm, with a vertical divergence of 1.65 arcsec and a horizontal divergence varying between 2.7 and 3.45 arcsec, depending on the monochromator setting: either high collimation or high intensity. The flux per area unit varies from 10 to 50 photons s−1 cm−2 from one configuration to the other.
Results. The BEaTriX beam performance was tested using an SPO MM, whose entrance pupil was fully illuminated by the expanded beam, and its focus was directly imaged onto the camera. The first light test returned a PSF and an EA in full agreement with expectations. As of today, the 4.51 keV beamline of BEaTriX is operational and can characterize modular X-ray optics, measuring their PSF and EA with a typical exposure of 30 min. Another beamline at 1.49 keV is under development and will be integrated into the current equipment. We expect BEaTriX to be a crucial facility for the functional test of modular X-ray optics, such as the SPO MMs for ATHENA.
Ir-Catalyzed α-Alkylation of Ketones with Alcohols: One-Step Access to Donepezil
Authors: Wang Sen , Miao Rui , Ouyang Lu , Xia Yanping , Wei Yifei , Luo Renshi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate an iridium-catalyzed alkylation of ketones with alcohols, which enables one-step access to donepezil, cyclic ketones, and linear ketones in high yields. A scale-up experiment shows the excellent practicability of this protocol. Comparative experiments show that a small amount of water is beneficial to the improvement of product yield.
Endophthalmitis: Ursachen, Erreger, Therapie und Visusverlauf mit Fokus auf Glaukompatienten
Authors: Vorbeck Julia , Hohberger Bettina , Bergua Antonio 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Endophthalmitiden stellen einen der schwerwiegendsten Notfälle in der Ophthalmologie dar. Um deren Prävalenz zu minimieren, ist eine möglichst genaue Kenntnis auslösender
Faktoren von Bedeutung. Eine chirurgische Therapie mit gezielter, erregerspezifischer Medikation und ein intaktes Immunsystem sind die Basis für den Visuserhalt. Ferner stellt sich die
Frage, ob anhand zugrunde liegender Erkrankungen am Auge ein ungünstiger Verlauf prognostiziert werden kann, sodass ein Vergleich zwischen Glaukom- (G) und Nichtglaukompatienten (NG) im
Hinblick auf ursächliche Faktoren, Erreger, Therapie und Visusverlauf gezogen wurde. Da bei Glaukompatienten eine potenzielle Alteration des lokalen Immunsystems diskutiert wird, ist von
Interesse, ob sich die klinischen Verläufe einer Endophthalmitis von Nichtglaukompatienten unterscheiden.
Patienten und Methoden Es handelt sich um eine retrospektive Analyse von 75 Augen (13 G, 62 NG), die in einem 5-Jahres-Zeitraum aufgrund einer Endophthalmitis an der Augenklinik des
Universitätsklinikums Erlangen-Nürnberg behandelt wurden. Auszuwertende Parameter waren u. a. das klinische Bild, operative und medikamentöse Behandlungen, das mikrobielle Spektrum und der
Visusverlauf bei Glaukom- sowie Nichtglaukompatienten.
Ergebnisse Bei Erstvorstellung dominierte bei allen Patienten eine akute Visusverschlechterung (44%) mit Vorderkammerreiz (62,7%), Hypopyon (52%) und reduziertem (40%) oder fehlendem
(26,7%) Funduseinblick. Vorangehende intraokularchirurgische Eingriffe wurden bei insgesamt 53,3% beobachtet, insbesondere Kataraktoperationen. In beiden Gruppen konnten grampositive Kokken
als häufigster Erreger identifiziert werden (G: 23,1%; NG: 38,7%), wohingegen seltene Keime nur bei Glaukompatienten vorkamen. Bei 76% aller Patienten wurde eine Pars-plana-Vitrektomie
durchgeführt, eine Enukleation bei 20%, Letzteres signifikant häufiger bei Glaukompatienten (p = 0,01). Postoperativ konnte eine signifikante Visusverbesserung bei Nichtglaukompatienten
erzielt werden (p < 0,001); im Direktvergleich stellte sich ein schlechteres visuelles Outcome bei glaukomatös vorerkrankten Augen dar.
Schlussfolgerung Stellt die Endophthalmitis eine sehr seltene Erkrankung dar, ist eine frühzeitige Diagnosestellung und Behandlung dennoch für die Prognose entscheidend. In der
vorliegenden Kohorte zeigt sich ein schlechterer Endvisus bei Glaukompatienten als bei Nichtglaukompatienten.
Osteoblast Viability of Liquid Smoke Rice Hull and Nanoparticles Form as Periodontitis Treatment
Authors: Arundina Ira , Diyatri Indeswati , Juliastuti Wisnu S. , Budhy Theresia I. , Surboyo Meircurius D. C. , Iskandar Benni , Ramaniasari Sheryn M. , Moelyanto Azzahra S. A. , Saputra Gustiadi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective Rice husk liquid smoke nanoparticles have the potential to be developed as a drug because they have anti-inflammatory effects that can modulate the process of osteoblast stimulation through osteoblast stimulation by thorough small size and enter cells easily. The osteoblast is the key of alveolar regeneration in periodontitis treatment. This present study analyzed the differences of liquid smoke rice husk and nanoparticles of liquid smoke rice husk on osteoblast viability as periodontitis treatment
Materials and Methods The liquid smoke rice husk was obtained from the pyrolysis process. The nanoparticles were made with chitosan, maltodextrin, and difference of concentration of liquid smoke rice husk (such as 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, and 17.5%). The viability of osteoblast was analyzed by 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
Statistical Analysis The data were analyzed using independent t-test to analyze the differences between liquid smoke rice husk and nanoparticles of liquid smoke rice husk, the significant was set a p<0.05.
Result The nanoparticles of liquid smoke rice husk showed higher osteoblast viability compared liquid smoke rice husk. The nanoparticles' concentration of 5, 7.5, and 10% showed higher osteoblast viability compared liquid smoke rice husk (p = 0.002, 0.000, and 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion The nanoparticles of liquid smoke rice husk showed higher viability of osteoblast. This confirmed that the nanoparticles were able to reduce the toxicity in the higher concentration of liquid smoke of rice husk.
10.18 Benzo[c]phospholes
Authors: Aitken R. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter is a complete revision and update of the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution from 2000 describing methods for the synthesis of benzo[c]phospholes. A third of the references describe newer methods reported between 2000 and 2021 and several completely new approaches are included. Synthetic strategies for preparing these ring systems include metal-mediated reactions of 2,2′-bis(arylalkynyl)biaryls with phosphorus dihalides, reaction of ortho-disubstituted benzenes with phosphorus compounds, and aromatization of dihydrobenzo[c]phospholes.
10.20 Phosphorus Analogues of Indolizines
Authors: Aitken R. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter is a complete revision and update of the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution from 2000 describing methods for the synthesis of phosphorus analogues of indolizines. The previous route to this rare ring system, reaction of a phosphole with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, has now been joined by a metathesis-based method leading to the parent dibenzophosphindolizine and its chalcogen derivatives.
COVID-19: a gray swan’s impact on the adoption of novel medical technologies
Authors: Dunlap Denise R. , Santos Roberto S. , Lilly Craig M. , Teebagy Sean , Hafer Nathaniel S. , Buchholz Bryan O. , McManus David D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique context and opportunity to investigate changes in healthcare professional perceptions towards the adoption of novel medical technologies, such as point-of-care technologies (POCTs). POCTs are a nascent technology that has experienced rapid growth as a result of COVID-19 due to their ability to increase healthcare accessibility via near-patient delivery, including at-home. We surveyed healthcare professionals before and during COVID-19 to explore whether the pandemic altered their perceptions about the usefulness of POCTs. Our network analysis method provided a structure for understanding this changing phenomenon. We uncovered that POCTs are not only useful for diagnosing COVID-19, but healthcare professionals also perceive them as increasingly important for diagnosing other diseases, such as cardiovascular, endocrine, respiratory, and metabolic diseases. Healthcare professionals also viewed POCTs as facilitating the humanization of epidemiology by improving disease management/monitoring and strengthening the clinician-patient relationship. As the accuracy and integration of these technologies into mainstream healthcare delivery improves, hurdles to their adoption dissipate, thereby encouraging healthcare professionals to rely upon them more frequently to diagnose, manage, and monitor diseases. The technological advances made in POCTs during COVID-19, combined with shifting positive perceptions of their utility by healthcare professionals, may better prepare us for the next pandemic.
Design and performance of a nano-Newton torsion balance
Authors: Kößling M. , Tajmar M. 
Published: July 2022

Here, we present a novel torsion balance with a torsional spring that can reach a resolution in the nano-Newton range while allowing for a total experimental weight of 2 kg. The balance uses an off-the-shelf electromagnetic actuator, which was calibrated. The oscillation of the balance is damped using an adaptable eddy-current brake to fine-tune the damping factor. Experiments and electronics are controlled and powered through four coaxial liquid contacts. The balance is shown to be highly linear between 0.01 and 300 μN. After an automated post-processing, the noise of a measurement was 1.0 nN, and an applied force of 10 nN had a calculated error of 11.9%.
Perfect stimulated Raman adiabatic passage with imperfect finite-time pulses
Authors: Dogra Shruti , Paraoanu Gheorghe Sorin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe present a well-tailored sequence of two Gaussian-pulsed drives that achieves perfect population transfer in stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. We give a theoretical analysis of the optimal truncation and relative placement of the Stokes and pump pulses. Further, we obtain the power and the duration of the protocol for a given pulse width. Importantly, the duration of the protocol required to attain a desired value of fidelity depends only logarithmically on the infidelity. Subject to optimal truncation of the drives and with reference to the point of fastest transfer, we obtain a new adiabaticity criteria, which is remarkably simple and effective.