bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Day Type and Start Time May Influence Sleep in Adolescent
Professional Football Players
Authors: Edinborough Luke , Bruce-low Stewart , Hill Jessica , Woodhouse Jonny , Jarvis Mark , Pedlar Charles 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study assessed whether scheduling (start time and day type) and workload
variables influenced sleep markers (activity monitor) in professional academy
footballers (n=11; 17.3±0.7 yrs) over a 10-week
in-season period. Separate linear mixed regressions were used to describe the
effect of start time on the previous nights sleep, and the effect of day type
(match day, match day+1) and workload on subsequent sleep. Workload
variables were modelled by day (day), 7-day (acute), and 28-day (chronic)
periods. Sleep duration following match day+1 (400 mins;
95%CI:368–432) was significantly reduced compared to all other
day types (p<0.001). Sleep onset time following match day (00:35;
CI:00:04–01:12) and wake time on match day+1 (09:00;
CI:08:37–09:23) were also significantly later compared to all other day
types (p<0.001). Sleep duration (19.1 mins;
CI:9.4–28.79), wake time (18 mins; CI:9.3–26.6), and
time in bed (16.8 mins; CI:2.0–31.5) were significantly
increased per hour delay in start time. When no activity was scheduled, sleep
duration (37 mins; CI:18.1–55.9), sleep onset
(42.1 mins; CI:28.8–56.2), and wake times (86 mins;
CI:72–100) were significantly extended, relative to a 09:00 start time.
Day, acute, and chronic workloads were associated with sleep onset and wake
times only. Scheduled start times were associated with changes in sleep
duration. Therefore, delaying start times may increase sleep in this
population.
Palladium-Catalyzed Double Carbopalladation/syn-Insertion Cascade toward a Pragmatic Synthesis of Aminated Polyheterocyclic 1,2-Benzothiazepine 1-Oxides
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Huang Zhigang , Dai Longji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA palladium-catalyzed tandem cyclization reaction was developed, which offers a pragmatic synthesis of aminated tetracyclic 1,2-benzothiazepine 1-oxides bearing a highly fused medium-sized cyclic unit. An acetyl (Ac) group was found to be the optimal protecting group for sulfoximines to reduce the nucleophilic ability of the N atom, thus efficiently suppressing the formation of intramolecular 5-exo-dig cyclization side products. The transformation proceeds through a double syn-carbopalladation/annulation sequence to construct the rigid tetracyclic carbo-heterocyclic framework with excellent chemoselectivity and regioselectivity.
High-Pressure Activation to Circumvent Product Degradation in the Reaction of Unprotected Glyconitrones with Alkynes
Authors: Behr Jean-Bernard , Noël Nathan , Messire Gatien , Massicot Fabien , Vasse Jean-Luc 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCycloadditions of nitrones with alkynes usually occur best under heat activation. Due to the instability of the formed isoxazolines, alternative activation methods must be found. Here, hyperbaric conditions are used to transform nitrones generated from unprotected carbohydrates into the corresponding polyhydroxy-isoxazolines at room temperature. The reaction proved completely regioselective in favor of the 5-substituted 4-isoxazolines, and the products are obtained in good yields as mixtures of the two possible diastereoisomers. Further transformations into biologically valuable targets are described. The whole synthesis constitutes a very straightforward procedure for the transformation of aldoses, and is highly compatible with the principles of green chemistry.
Finite Element Study of Stress Distribution with Tooth-Supported Mandibular Overdenture Retained by Ball Attachments or Resilient Telescopic Crowns
Authors: Ajaj AL-Kordy Nour M.T. , AL-Saadi Mohannad H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective The removable partial denture must keep health of the remaining teeth and the supporting tissues through the distribution of chewing forces on the abutment teeth and alveolar process.This study aimed to evaluate stress distribution with canines-supported mandibular overdenture retained by two different attachment types: ball attachments or resilient telescopic crowns.
Materials and Methods Two 3-dimensional finite element models consisting of the cortical mandible bone, cancellous mandible bone, oral mucosa, canines, periodontal ligaments, the two attachment types, and overdenture were simulated. The models were imported into the mathematical analysis software Ansys Workbench V 15.0. All materials were considered to be homogeneous, isotropic, and linearly elastic. A vertical bilateral load of 120 N was applied to the central fossa of the first molars. The von Mises stress was calculated for canines, cortical, and cancellous bone.
Results The maximum von Mises stress of the ball attachments model was 35.61, 4.28, 7.82, and 1.29 MPa for canines, cortical alveolar bone of canines, cortical alveolar bone at the distal end of the overdenture, and cancellous alveolar bone of canines, respectively. The maximum von Mises stress of the resilient telescopic crowns model was 39.22, 4.74, 7.06, and 1.05 MPa for canines, cortical alveolar bone of canines, cortical alveolar bone at the distal end of the overdenture, and cancellous alveolar bone of canines, respectively.
Conclusion Resilient telescopic crowns distribute the stresses between canines, alveolar bone of canines, and overdenture supporting alveolar bone. Ball attachments transfer less stress to the canines and cortical alveolar bone of the canines, but more stress to the cancellous alveolar bone of canines and alveolar bone at distal end of the overdenture. Resilient telescopic crowns are preferred over ball attachment when the abutment teeth have good periodontal support.
The Synthesis of Novel 7-(Substituted benzyl)-4,5-dihydro[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-6(7H)-ones via Tandem Ugi–Huisgen Reactions
Authors: Pokhodylo Nazariy T. , Тupychak Mykola A. , Goreshnik Evgeny A. , Obushak Mykola D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA convenient method for the synthesis of 2-azido-3-arylpropanoic acids via the Meerwein halogenoarylation reaction of acrylic acid esters with diazonium salts, subsequent nucleophilic substitution of the halogen by an azide, and saponification is developed. The newly formed 2-azido-3-arylpropanoic acids react under the conditions of non-catalytic four-component Ugi reactions, leading to the formation of α-azidoamides in good yields. The use of propargylamine as the amine component allows the formation of Ugi adducts with azide and acetylene motifs ready for intramolecular 1,3-dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition to give the [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine annulated system. The Ugi reaction is found to give 2-azido-3-aryl-N-(2-oxo-1,2-disubstituted ethyl)-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)propanamides at room temperature without azide–alkyne cycloaddition. These dipeptides are converted into 4,5-dihydro[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-6(7H)-ones in near quantitative yields by heating in toluene. However, when the Ugi reaction is carried out by heating, it results in a one-pot Ugi–Huisgen tandem reaction leading to 4,5-dihydro[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-6(7H)-ones in excellent yields. Moreover, the possibility of the incorporation of a bromovinyl fragment (the synthetic equivalent of an acetylene fragment) via the aldehyde component of the Ugi reaction is demonstrated in an alternative preparation of the [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine system.
Are static posturography-assisted biofeedback exercises effective in Parkinson's disease?
Authors: Yakşi Elif , Yaşar Mustafa Fatih , Türel Canan Akünal , Balcı Muhammed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive condition that causes disorders in movement and balance.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of static posturography-assisted biofeedback exercises in PD-related balance disorder.
Methods We screened 83 patients, 48 of whom were enrolled, and 41 completed the study. The sample was randomized into two groups, one submitted to static posturography-assisted biofeedback exercises and the other, to a conventional exercise program. The patients in the biofeedback group (n = 20) performed biofeedback exercises in addition to conventional balance exercises. Those in the conventional exercise group (n = 21) performed classic balance exercises. Both groups were treated for 20 minutes per session 3 times a week for 6 weeks. The patients were evaluated using the Hoehn and Yahr Scale, the Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Tinetti Gait and Balance Assessment (TGBA), the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), the Tandem Stance Test (TST), a Turkish version of the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) before and at the end of the treatment.
Results No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the MDS-UPDRS, BBS, TGBA, TST, TUG, HAQ, or BDI measurements before and after the treatment (p > 0.05).
Conclusions Improved balance parameters were observed following balance training in the patients with PD, although static posturography-assisted biofeedback exercises appeared to provide no additional benefit. However, larger, randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate their effectiveness.
Dorsal Subluxation of The Proximal Carpal Row with the Use of a Bridge Plate
Authors: Lui Hayman , Kakar Sanjeev 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Spanning bridge plates were first popularized for fixation of complex distal radius fractures. However, indications for their use have expanded including the surgical treatment algorithm for treating conditions such as Kienböck's disease. Traditionally, initial surgical treatment of Lichtman Stages II to III Kienböck's disease included lunate decompression, unloading, and revascularization procedures. The addition of a dorsal spanning bridge plate further facilitates lunate offloading and may improve bone revascularization.
Case Description We report a complication of proximal carpal row dorsal subluxation secondary to dorsal spanning plate fixation in a patient with Stage IIIb Kienböck's disease. The patient had undergone wrist arthroscopy, lunate forage, radius core decompression, and spanning plate fixation. At 6 weeks after surgery, radiographic imaging demonstrated dorsal subluxation of the proximal carpal row that was corrected upon bridge plate removal. Serial radiographs during follow-up showed no further carpal subluxation without Kienböck's disease progression at 12 months postremoval of hardware. Patient remains pain free and has returned to elite level sport.
Literature Review To our knowledge no previous cases of proximal carpal row subluxation with the use of dorsal bridge plate has been reported in the literature.
Clinical Relevance Proximal row carpal subluxation can occur with dorsal bridge plate fixation.
A COVID-19 University-Based Dental Clinic Experience and Infection Control Protocol Modification for Safe Clinical Education
Authors: Lingawi Hanadi S. , Aldahlawi Salwa A. , Afifi Ibtesam K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectives The aim of the study was to share our experience of the development and application of a modified infection control protocol at the Dental Teaching Hospital, Umm Al-Qura University (UQUDENT) during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A second aim was to evaluate the impact of the implemented strategies on preparations for future requirements in clinical dental education.Materials and Methods In this descriptive study, we evaluated the challenges facing dental practice and categorized them into four domains: challenges facing dental practice during the pandemic, the risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection, the design of student clinics, and the financial challenges. The impact of strategies established to deal with such challenges was studied by comparing the number of treated patients from September 1, 2020, to March 01, 2021, with the number treated during the same months pre-COVID-19. The COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed students and health care workers (HCWs) were expressed in numbers and percentages in each category of the study group.Results Policies were set up to deal with the challenges in each domain, after training all the hospital personnel in mitigation of the spread of infection within the hospital. We left a non-working clinic between every two operating clinics, and the patient risk was assessed by triage scoring and health status checks by a Saudi mobile application at the entrance. The hospital delivered more personal protective equipment and obligated all students and HCWs to wear KN95 or N95 masks during procedures. Over 1,500 patients were treated during the study period with more than a 30% reduction in comparison to those in the pre-COVID-19 period, but only 20 UQUDENT personnel had confirmed COVID-19 infection, and all proved to be community-acquired by contact tracing.Conclusion The measures implemented in this study proved effective. With the challenges and limited resources, UQUDENT managed to resume the operation of its dental clinics and training while preventing cross-infection, and it ensured that dental students graduated with the required competency. Sharing experiences between educational institutes will help to graduate safe competent practitioners.
Recurrent IPDA Aneurysm from Celiac Occlusion Treated by a Flow Diverting Stent
Authors: Kumari Divya , Funaki Brian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (IPDA) aneurysms have been associated with celiac axis stenosis and occlusion. Retrograde flow through the IPDA arcade has been hypothesized to cause enlargement of these vessels and lead to aneurysm formation. However, objective proof of this hypothesis is lacking, given the fact that celiac stenosis or occlusion and IPDA aneurysms are typically diagnosed concurrently and recurrent aneurysms have not been described. This report presents a patient with celiac axis stenosis and an IPDA aneurysm treated with median arcuate ligament lysis, celiac stenting, and aneurysmectomy. Seventeen years later, he developed a second IPDA aneurysm treated with a flow diverting stent.
Crohn's of the Pouch: Now What?
Authors: Connelly Tara M. , Lincango Eddy , Holubar Stefan D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTotal proctocolectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the gold standard surgical treatment for the majority (∼90%) of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. In cases of carefully selected Crohn's colitis patients without small bowel or perianal involvement an “intentional IPAA” may be a viable option for disease resection and restoration of intestinal continuity. More commonly, Crohn's is incidentally found either in the resection specimen or, more commonly, when inflammatory complications subsequently arise after pouch construction for UC or indeterminate colitis. These incidental Crohn's pouches may be diagnosed early or late period post-IPAA.Crohn's may manifest within the pouch, in the proximal small bowel, and/or distally in the rectal cuff or anus. Like intestinal Crohn's, Crohn's disease of the pouch may be of an inflammatory, fibrostenosing, or fistulizing phenotype. Treatment depends on the phenotype and includes medical treatment, most commonly in the form of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor medications; however, the newer small molecules offer a potential treatment for these patients. Surgery first entails treating the sequelae of Crohn's and is typically staged. In up to 60% of Crohn's pouches, particularly in fistulizing disease and/or recalcitrant perianal disease, the pouch fails and must be defunctioned or excised. In patients with Crohn's pouches in situ long term, outcomes including quality of life are comparable to patients who underwent IPAA for UC.
Anti–Gamma Aminobutyric Acid B Autoimmune Encephalitis in an Indian Child with Early-Onset Seizures, Neurodegeneration, and Brain Calcification due to NRROS Variation: The First Reported Case Worldwide
Authors: Kapat Aritra , Pandit Alak , Das Suman , Paul Dilip Kumar , Mandal Asok Kumar , Bala Ashok Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 1.5-year-old boy presented to us with a history of normal growth and developmental parameters until 6 months of age. However, at 7 months of age, he developed multiple types of seizures consisting initially of complex febrile seizures, followed by afebrile seizures. Multifocal clonic, generalized tonic–clonic, and myoclonic (multifocal and generalized) were the evolving seizure types. He had truncal hypotonia, but his appendicular hypotonia progressed to hypertonia over the next few months and further to decorticate posturing. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed generalized atrophy, predominantly frontotemporal, without any focal signal abnormalities or contrast enhancement. Computed tomography (CT) showed speckled calcification in subcortical white matter. Electroencephalogram showed bilateral frontotemporal epileptiform discharges with secondary generalization. His cerebrospinal fluid had normal cytology and biochemical results but was positive for anti–gamma aminobutyric acid B antibodies. Whole exome sequencing showed likely pathogenic, novel autosomal recessive homozygous variation of NRROS gene on chromosome 3 [c.1487G > A (p.Trp496Ter)], which impairs the functioning of anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor beta, resulting in a proinflammatory state within the central nervous system and thereby promoting autoimmune encephalitis. Parental Sanger sequencing validated the variation in both his parents. He was treated with both pulse methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg/day for 5 days) and intravenous immunoglobulin (2 g/kg), followed by slowly tapering of oral prednisolone and monthly intravenous immunoglobulin infusion (1 g/kg). There was significant reduction in seizure frequency and disappearance of epileptiform discharges from the electroencephalogram. However, the motor and cognitive improvement did not occur, and he had microcephaly and growth failure at the last follow-up. This is the 11th case report of neurodegeneration associated with NRROS gene variations, but the first report of autoimmune encephalitis being triggered by the variation in a child.
Upgrades to the gamma ray imager on DIII-D enabling access to high flux hard x-ray measurements during the runaway electron plateau phase (invited)
Authors: Lvovskiy A. , Paz-Soldan C. , Eidietis N. , Dal Molin A. , Nocente M. , Cooper C. , Rigamonti D. , Tardocchi M. , Taussig D. 
Published: November 2022

The Gamma Ray Imager (GRI) is a pinhole camera providing 2D imaging of MeV hard x-ray (HXR) bremsstrahlung emission from runaway electrons (REs) over the poloidal cross section of the DIII-D tokamak. We report a series of upgrades to the GRI expanding the access to RE scenarios from the diagnosis of a trace amount of REs to high flux HXR measurements during the RE plateau phase. We present the implementation of novel gamma ray detectors based on LYSO and YAP crystals coupled to multi-pixel photon counters, enabling a count rate in excess of 1 MHz. Finally, we highlight new insights into the RE physics discovered during the current quench and RE plateau phase experiments as the result of these upgrades.
Implementation of a portable diagnostic system for Thomson scattering measurements on an electrothermal arc source
Authors: He Z. , Kafle N. , Gebhart T. E. , Biewer T. M. , Zhang Z. 
Published: November 2022

To fulfill the increasing needs of diagnostic support for researchers in plasma technology, a portable diagnostic package (PDP) equipped for both laser Thomson scattering (TS) and optical emission spectroscopy has been designed and constructed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), aiming to measure the temperature and number density of electrons and temperatures of ions in plasma devices. The PDP has been initially implemented on a high density and low temperature electrothermal arc source (ET-arc) at ORNL to test its TS capability. TS from the plasmas in the ET-arc has been obtained using the PDP. The electron temperature and number density were determined from TS spectra. These results were then compared to measurements from previous studies on the ET-arc. The TS diagnostic measured 0.8 ± 0.1, 1.3 ± 0.2, and 0.7 ± 0.1 eV and (4.4 ± 0.5) × 1021, (5.9 ± 0.7) × 1021, and (4.3 ± 0.5) x 1021 m-3, respectively, from three lines of sight that transect the plasma column.
Optical synchronization technique for all-optical Compton scattering
Authors: Kim Do Yeon , Hojbota Calin Ioan , Mirzaie Mohammad , Lee Seong Ku , Kim Ki Yong , Sung Jae Hee , Nam Chang Hee 
Published: November 2022

In all-optical Compton scattering driven by a multi-petawatt laser, it is critical to have accurate spatiotemporal synchronization between the ultrarelativistic electron bunch and the ultrahigh-intensity laser beam. Such a synchronization was realized by using two complementary optical setups. The first setup, used for the initial synchronization, recorded the spatial interferogram between the two femtosecond lasers used for a GeV electron beam production and an ultrahigh scattering laser beam. The second one, consisting of spatial and spectral interferometers, measured the time delay between the two laser beams in the range of 0–200 fs in real time. These monitoring systems played an essential role in conducting Compton scattering experiments.
Discriminating an Accent, Enacting a Race (and Vice Versa): Perception and Representation of Phonic Variability on the Caribbean Coast of Colombia
Authors: Blestel Élodie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe examine the metalinguistic, psychosocial, and identity-related indexical indications of (speaking about) the other, as provided by 36 Santa Marta inhabitants (Blestel 2022). Santa Marta is a city on Colombia’s septentrional coast, populated primarily by individuals of multiracial heritage, descended from Indigenous peoples, African slaves, and Spaniards. We show that the established main axis of differentiation (Gal and Irvine 2019) and associated judgments are adjacent, sometimes very explicitly, to racializing ideologies that more broadly traverse Colombian society as a whole. We maintain that these metapragmatic discourses, far from being anecdotal, indicate semiotic discrimination processes at work in sustaining or even renewing a system of values passed down from the colonial era.
Neck-embedded acoustic meta-liner for the broadband sound-absorbing under the grazing flow with a wide speed range
Authors: Zhao Jiang , Wu Fei , Ju Ze-Gang , Hu Man , Zhang Xiao , Li Dan , Yan Shan-Lin , Liu Ke-Ling 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Acoustic liners are the most commonly used dissipative muffler for aero-engines but remain a challenge to design a broadband acoustic liner under the grazing flow. In this work, a novel neck-embedded meta-liner is proposed for the broadband sound-absorbing under the grazing flow with a wide speed range. The meta-liner is composed of many neck-embedded Helmholtz Resonators, and the idea of bending the subsequent cavity is introduced to improve low-frequency sound absorption performance. The acoustic impedance model of the meta-liner with neck-embedded slit is first detailly established by analyzing the acoustic characteristics of the equivalent elliptical pipe and using the matrix transfer method. Then by designing the local coupling between channels, efficient broadband impedance modulation and broadband matching with air impedance under grazing flow conditions are realized. The proposed meta-liner exhibits the excellent sound attenuation capacity in the frequency domain of 500–3000 Hz under the grazing flow speeds from 0 m s−1 to 98 m s−1 and the sound absorption performance is greatly boosted compared with the traditional Double- Degree-Of-Freedom liner. Features mentioned above have been verified numerically and in a series of comparative experiments. Besides, the thickness of the meta-liner is only 50 mm. Our work provides a possible design reference for the new generation of acoustic liners and has potential applications in noise reduction engineering.