bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalizable approaches for genomic prediction of metabolites in plants
Authors: Brzozowski Lauren J. , Campbell Malachy T. , Hu Haixiao , Caffe Melanie , Gutiérrez Lucı́a , Smith Kevin P. , Sorrells Mark E. , Gore Michael A. , Jannink Jean‐Luc 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPlant metabolites are important traits for plant breeders seeking to improve nutrition and agronomic performance yet integrating selection for metabolomic traits can be limited by phenotyping expense and degree of genetic characterization, especially of uncommon metabolites. As such, developing generalizable genomic selection methods based on biochemical pathway biology for metabolites that are transferable across plant populations would benefit plant breeding programs. We tested genomic prediction accuracy for >600 metabolites measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) in oat (Avena sativa L.) seed. Using a discovery germplasm panel, we conducted metabolite genome‐wide association study (mGWAS) and selected loci to use in multikernel models that encompassed metabolome‐wide mGWAS results or mGWAS from specific metabolite structures or biosynthetic pathways. Metabolite kernels developed from LC‐MS metabolites in the discovery panel improved prediction accuracy of LC‐MS metabolite traits in the validation panel consisting of more advanced breeding lines. No approach, however, improved prediction accuracy for GC‐MS metabolites. We ranked model performance by metabolite and found that metabolites with similar polarity had consistent rankings of models. Overall, testing biological rationales for developing kernels for genomic prediction across populations contributes to developing frameworks for plant breeding for metabolite traits.
Determination of oleamide bulk‐to‐surface distribution in polypropylene for medical use depending on sterilization method and storage time
Authors: Berghaus Eva , Ruppel Hendrik , Martin Lara‐Sophie , Petersen Svea 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOleamide is used as a lubricant in the manufacturing and application of polypropylene (PP) medical devices. Samples of PP were prepared with 0, 1500, and 15 000 ppm oleamide content as lubricant. The samples were either left non‐sterile, sterilized with ethylene oxide (ETO), γ‐radiation (γ) or autoclaved (A) and stored for up to 4 weeks. To determine the oleamide bulk‐to‐surface distribution depending on sterilization method and storage time an extraction method and a washing technique were applied. The oleamide content was determined by gas chromatography (GC‐FID) and compared with the coefficient of friction (COF). The COF dependent on the measured lubricant content at the surface. The content of lubricant on the surface depends on the type of sterilization: ETO increased the lubricant content to some extent, γ‐sterilization and autoclaving reduced it. After storage, no migration of the lubricant to the surface could be detected.
Pyrite‐assisted denitrification in recirculated biofilter tolerates pH lower than 5
Authors: Di Capua Francesco , Esposito Giovanni 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study demonstrates the feasibility of pyrite‐assisted denitrification to treat mildly acidic wastewaters and proposes a convenient solution for nitrogen removal from acidic mining waters. Pyrite is a highly available and low‐cost electron donor for autotrophic denitrification, whereas mining waters represent a source of nitrogen (N) contamination due to the use of N‐containing explosives during mining operations and cyanide (CN)‐based compounds for ore processing. In this study, the denitrification performance of a recirculated pyrite‐packed biofilter (RPPB) treating simulated N‐contaminated acidic mining waters is evaluated under decreasing pH conditions. The effect of feed organic carbon on the autotrophic process has been also investigated. N removal efficiencies (NRE) > 60% could be achieved at feed pH ≥ 4.5 and HRT ≥ 5 h. Decrease of influent pH to 3.0 reduced the NRE to 20%. The addition of 10 and 20 mg/L of ethanol to the influent did not significantly impact NRE of the RPPB.Practitioner Points

Pyrite‐assisted denitrification is proposed for treating acidic wastewaters.
Nitrogen removal >60% was maintained at feed pH as low as 4.7.
Decrease of feed pH to 3 strongly inhibited denitrification.
The presence of organic carbon in the feed did not affect the autotrophic process.
Entwicklung eines spindelzelligen Plattenepithelkarzinoms auf dem Boden eines lang bestehenden Pyoderma gangraenosum
Authors: Drexler Konstantin , Berneburg Mark , Karrer Sigrid 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Pyoderma gangraenosum (PG) wird den neutrophilen Dermatosen zugeordnet und präsentiert sich klinisch in Form von schmerzhaften Ulzerationen mit einem häufig livid-erythematös unterminierten Randsaum. Die Behandlung mit immunsuppressiven Medikamenten ist oft langwierig. Über die Entstehung von malignen Tumoren in einem Pyoderma gangraenosum ist bisher in der Literatur nicht berichtet worden.
Improving VLBI analysis by tropospheric ties in GNSS and VLBI integrated processing
Authors: Wang Jungang , Ge Maorong , Glaser Susanne , Balidakis Kyriakos , Heinkelmann Robert , Schuh Harald 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTropospheric delay modeling is challenging in high-precision Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) analysis due to the rapid water vapor variation and imperfect observation geometry, where observations from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) co-locations can enhance the VLBI analysis. We investigate the impact of tropospheric ties in the VLBI and GNSS integrated processing during the CONT05–CONT17 campaigns, and present a method that automatically handles the systematic tropospheric tie biases. Applying tropospheric ties at VLBI–GNSS co-locations enhances the observation geometry and improves the solution reliability. The VLBI network is stabilized, with station coordinate repeatability improved by 12% horizontally and by 28% vertically, and the network scale improved by 32%. The Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) improve by up to 20%. Both zenith delay and gradient ties contribute to the improvement of EOP, whereas the gradient ties contribute mainly to the improvement of length of day and celestial pole offsets.
Determinants of firm boundaries and organizational performance: an empirical investigation of the Chilean truck market
Authors: Balcells Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe boundaries of a firm, particularly those of manufacturers that import heavy-duty Class 8 trucks and tractors into the Chilean automotive market, depend on economizing transaction costs. This empirical study investigates the vertical integration of these manufacturers and their respective dealers. By conducting a transaction cost analysis, this study results in two distinct cases. For the first case, the generalized linear models’ estimations and hypothesis tests for the count data of the ‘types of units sold’ consider the firms’ specificity as emissions standards, asset specificity as brand culture, and firms’ endowments as offering finance for their dealers. The second case examines environmental uncertainty with respect to dynamic indicators that interfere with manufacturers’ external transaction-based efficiency. Overall, the results strengthen transaction cost theory, suggesting that European manufacturers with vertical integrated structures economize on brand reputation, while their industry competitors derive gains from uncertainty of the exchange rate. The evolution of their boundaries coincides with the immediate adaptations of price of the truck, uncertainty concerning the demand for Chile’s leading export commodity, and technology uncertainty of emissions regulations. To reduce transaction costs, manufacturers avoid the production of off-assembly-line trucks and tend to circumvent integration with their dealers through investments.
The association between appendicitis severity and patient age with appendiceal neoplasm histology—a population-based study
Authors: Alajääski Jenny , Lietzén Elina , Grönroos Juha M. , Mecklin Jukka-Pekka , Leppäniemi Ari , Nordström Pia , Rautio Tero , Rantanen Tuomo , Sand Juhani , Paajanen Hannu , Ollila Helena , Salminen Paulina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Recent studies have reported alarming appendiceal tumor rates associated with complicated acute appendicitis, especially in patients presenting with a periappendicular abscess. However, the data on histology of appendiceal tumors among acute appendicitis patients is limited, especially in patient cohorts differentiating between uncomplicated and complicated acute appendicitis. We have previously reported the association of increased appendiceal tumor prevalence with complicated acute appendicitis in this population-based study. The objective of this secondary analysis was to evaluate the association of both appendicitis severity and patient age with appendiceal tumor histology.

Methods
This nationwide population-based registry study (The Finnish Cancer Registry) was conducted from 2007 to 2013. All appendiceal tumors (n = 840) and available medical reports (n = 504) of these patients at eight study hospitals were previously evaluated, identifying altogether 250 patients with both acute appendicitis and appendiceal tumor.

Results
The severity of acute appendicitis was significantly associated with more malignant tumor histology. The risk of adenocarcinoma or pseudomyxoma was significantly higher among patients with periappendicular abscess (OR 15.05, CI 95% 6.98–32.49, p < 0.001) and patients presenting with perforated acute appendicitis (OR 4.09, CI 95% 1.69–9.90, p = 0.0018) compared to patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Similarly, patient age over 40 years was significantly associated with the risk of adenocarcinoma and pseudomyxoma (OR 26.46, Cl 95% 7.95–88.09, p < 0.001). Patient sex was not associated with a more malignant appendiceal tumor histology (p = 0.67).

Conclusion
More malignant appendiceal tumor histology of adenocarcinoma or pseudomyxoma was significantly associated with patient age over 40 years and complicated acute appendicitis, especially periappendicular abscess.
APOE4 exacerbates α-synuclein seeding activity and contributes to neurotoxicity in Alzheimer’s disease with Lewy body pathology
Authors: Jin Yunjung , Li Fuyao , Sonoustoun Berkiye , Kondru Naveen Chandra , Martens Yuka A. , Qiao Wenhui , Heckman Michael G. , Ikezu Tadafumi C. , Li Zonghua , Burgess Jeremy D. , Amerna Danilyn , O’Leary Justin , DeTure Michael A. , Zhao Jing , McLean Pamela J. , Dickson Dennis W. , Ross Owen A. , Bu Guojun , Zhao Na 
Published: April 2022

AbstractApproximately half of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains have concomitant Lewy pathology at autopsy, suggesting that α-synuclein (α-SYN) aggregation is a regulated event in the pathogenesis of AD. Genome-wide association studies revealed that the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE4) gene, the strongest genetic risk factor for AD, is also the most replicated genetic risk factor for Lewy body dementia (LBD), signifying an important role of APOE4 in both amyloid-β (Aβ) and α-SYN pathogenesis. How APOE4 modulates α-SYN aggregation in AD is unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine how α-SYN is associated with AD-related pathology and how APOE4 impacts α-SYN seeding and toxicity. We measured α-SYN levels and their association with other established AD-related markers in brain samples from autopsy-confirmed AD patients (N = 469), where 54% had concomitant LB pathology (AD + LB). We found significant correlations between the levels of α-SYN and those of Aβ40, Aβ42, tau and APOE, particularly in insoluble fractions of AD + LB. Using a real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay, we measured the seeding activity of soluble α-SYN and found that α-SYN seeding was exacerbated by APOE4 in the AD cohort, as well as a small cohort of autopsy-confirmed LBD brains with minimal Alzheimer type pathology. We further fractionated the soluble AD brain lysates by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) ran on fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) and identified the α-SYN species (~ 96 kDa) that showed the strongest seeding activity. Finally, using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons, we showed that amplified α-SYN aggregates from AD + LB brain of patients with APOE4 were highly toxic to neurons, whereas the same amount of α-SYN monomer was not toxic. Our findings suggest that the presence of LB pathology correlates with AD-related pathologies and that APOE4 exacerbates α-SYN seeding activity and neurotoxicity, providing mechanistic insight into how APOE4 affects α-SYN pathogenesis in AD.
Post-treatment Stability in Orthodontic Retention with Twistflex Retainers—Do Patients Benefit from Additional Removable Retainers?
Authors: Knaup Isabel , Schulte Ulrike , Bartz Jenny Rosa , Niederau Christian , Craveiro Rogerio Bastos , Jäger Andreas , Wolf Michael 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate post-treatment movements of lower anterior teeth during orthodontic retention in patients with fixed twistflex retainers versus those with combined fixed and removable retainers.

Materials and Methods
This study was based on a retrospective data analysis of 57 adult patients during orthodontic retention. They were assigned to two groups: In group 1 (n = 30) the lower jaw was provided with twistflex retainers only and in group 2 (n = 27) with a twistflex combined with a removable retainer for night-time use. Orthodontic study models of the lower jaw were digitalized and superimposed. Tooth movements were analyzed at the retainer bonding (t0) and follow-up appointment ≥ six months later (t1). Rotational tooth movements (°) were measured around the x-axis (mesial/distal direction), the y-axis (buccal/lingual direction) and the z-axis (longitudinal direction, tooth axis). Translational tooth movements (mm) were registered along the x-axis (buccal/lingual direction), the y-axis (mesial/distal direction) and the z-axis (apical/coronal direction).

Results
Canine and incisor position changes during orthodontic retention were more pronounced in group 1 compared to group 2 except for canine rotations around the z-axis. In both groups in most of the cases stable lower incisor alignment could be found, but the proportion was significant higher in group 2 (group 1: 56.7% vs. group 2: 81.5%). Severe misalignment was present in 13.3% of the participants of group 1 and only in 7.4% of group 2. The extent of canine tipping and movements along the x- and y-axis in severe misalignment cases was significantly lower in group 2 compared to 1.

Conclusions
Lower incisor alignment was more stable in patients with combined fixed and removable retainers compared to fixed retainers only.

Clinical Relevance
Based on the present findings, the routinely application of supplementary removable retainers can be recommended to enhance anterior tooth alignment in patients with fixed twistflex retainers.
Efficacy of tolvaptan on advanced chronic kidney disease with heart failure: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Komiya Shiro , Katsumata Mari , Ozawa Moe , Haze Tatsuya , Kawano Rina , Ohki Yuki , Suzuki Shota , Kobayashi Yusuke , Fujiwara Akira , Saka Sanae , Tamura Kouichi , Hirawa Nobuhito 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Tolvaptan (TLV) is reported to improve diuretic effects in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) when furosemide (FUR) is not sufficiently effective. However, it is not clear whether TLV addition is effective for advanced CKD patients with heart failure.

Methods
An open-label, parallel-group randomized trial was performed. The subjects were 33 patients with CKD stage G3–G5 who had fluid overload despite taking 20–100 mg/day FUR. They were divided into two groups: a group administered 15 mg/day TLV plus their original FUR dose for 7 days (TLV group), and a group administered 120–200 mg/day FUR (i.e., 100 mg/day over their previous dose) for 7 days (FUR group).

Results
The mean change in urine volume was significantly higher in the TLV group compared to the FUR group (637 ml vs 119 ml; p < 0.05). The difference was greater when the urine osmolality before treatment was high. Serum creatinine was increased only in the FUR group. The incidence of worsening renal function (WRF) was significantly lower in the TLV group (18.8% vs 58.8%; p < 0.05). Serum sodium decreased significantly in the FUR group, but did not change in the TLV group.

Conclusions
In patients with advanced CKD with fluid overload, the addition of TLV achieved a significantly higher urine volume with less adverse effects on renal function compared with increasing the dose of FUR. The efficacy and safety of TLV were higher in patients who had higher urine osmolality and lower serum sodium before treatment.

Clinical trial registration
UMIN000014763.
Spatiotemporal tubelet feature aggregation and object linking for small object detection in videos
Authors: Cores Daniel , Brea Víctor M. , Mucientes Manuel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the problem of exploiting spatiotemporal information to improve small object detection precision in video. We propose a two-stage object detector called FANet based on short-term spatiotemporal feature aggregation and long-term object linking to refine object detections. First, we generate a set of short tubelet proposals. Then, we aggregate RoI pooled deep features throughout the tubelet using a new temporal pooling operator that summarizes the information with a fixed output size independent of the tubelet length. In addition, we define a double head implementation that we feed with spatiotemporal information for spatiotemporal classification and with spatial information for object localization and spatial classification. Finally, a long-term linking method builds long tubes with the previously calculated short tubelets to overcome detection errors. The association strategy addresses the generally low overlap between instances of small objects in consecutive frames by reducing the influence of the overlap in the final linking score. We evaluated our model in three different datasets with small objects, outperforming previous state-of-the-art spatiotemporal object detectors and our spatial baseline.
Phase 1/2 study of topical submicron particle paclitaxel for cutaneous metastases of breast cancer
Authors: Lacouture Mario E. , Goldfarb Shari B. , Markova Alina , Chawla Sant P. , Dewnani Karan , Iacobucci Marc , Lang Julie E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This Phase 1/2 study evaluated safety and efficacy of a topical submicron particle paclitaxel (SPP) in an anhydrous ointment base (SOR007), primarily in breast cancer patients with cutaneous metastases (CM).

Methods
One of three concentrations of SOR007 SPP (0.15%, 1.0%, or 2.0%) was applied twice daily over an area of 50 cm2 under a 3 + 3 phase 1 design for up to 28 days, with the option for expansion to an additional 28 days at the highest dose under a Phase 2a once safety was established. Efficacy was analyzed by lesion measurements and photographs to determine overall response rate (ORR), complete response (CR), and progression free survival by day 28 or 56.

Results
Twenty-three subjects were enrolled, 21 with cutaneous metastases of breast cancer (CMOBC). Four subjects received SOR007 0.15% for a median of 28 days (range = 17–29), three at a dose of 1.0% for a median of 28 days (range = 6–29), and sixteen at 2.0% for a median of 55 days (range = 6–60). All doses were well tolerated, and 19 subjects were evaluable for efficacy. At day 28 across all dose levels, 16% (95% CI 3.4 to 39.6%) of subjects achieved an ORR and another 63% (95% CI 34.9–96.8%) had stable disease (SD). The proportion of patients being progression free at 28 days across all treatments was 79% (95 CI 54–94%).

Conclusion
Application of SOR007 0.15%, 1.0%, and 2.0% to CM was safe and well tolerated with some reduction in lesion pain, and minimal systemic absorption of paclitaxel. Lesion stabilization was observed in most subjects over the study period. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial to confirm these findings is warranted.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier
NCT03101358.
Cognitive enhancement and authenticity: moving beyond the Impasse
Authors: Gordon Emma C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn work on the ethics of cognitive enhancement use, there is a pervasive concern that such enhancement will—in some way—make us less authentic (e.g., Bublitz and Merkel 2009; Juth 2011). Attempts to clarify what this concern amounts to and how to respond to it often lead to debates on the nature of the “true self” (e.g., Maslen et al. 2014) and what constitutes “genuine human activity” (e.g., Kass 2003). This paper shows that a new and effective way to make progress on whether certain cases of cognitive enhancement problematically undermine authenticity is to make use of considerations from the separate debate on the nature of authenticemotion. Drawing in particular on Wasserman and Liao (2008), the present paper offers new conditions that can help us assess the impact of cognitive enhancements on authenticity.
Entrepreneurial exit intentions in emerging economies: a neoinstitutional perspective
Authors: Widz Marta , Kammerlander Nadine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCurrent research has shown that entrepreneurial exit is driven by individual- and firm-level antecedents. We draw from neoinstitutional theory and propose that contextual factors affect family succession intentions as opposed to family-external exit intentions and theorize how regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive institutional pillars affect exit intentions in the context of transition economies—a special case of emerging economies with no path dependence related to an entrepreneurial exit—characterized by institutional voids, which are filled in by the national culture. We argue and find—analyzing a sample of 222 Polish SME founders’ survey responses—that labor market development decreases, normative pressure of reference groups increases, and paternalistic leadership style decreases family succession intentions. This study contributes to the literature about entrepreneurial exit, family firm succession, and neoinstitutional theory.
Status of gastrointestinal nematode infections and associated epidemiological factors in sheep from Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Tachack Elisa Brunal , Oviedo-Socarrás Teresa , Pastrana Misael Oviedo , Pérez-Cogollo Luis Carlos , Benavides Yonairo Herrera , Pinto Clara Rugeles , Garay Oscar Vergara 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGastrointestinal nematodes cause serious economic losses in sheep production systems. To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with these parasites, a study was conducted on 595 sheep in Córdoba, Colombia. Prevalence and parasite burden were determined using the McMaster technique. Larvae were cultured from feces to identify the nematode genera. For the analysis of associated factors and parasite burden, data means, medians, and confidence intervals were compared. A georeferenced data analysis was performed and an epidemiological map was constructed. An overall prevalence of 88.2% was found, with the highest prevalence and parasite burden for Strongylida (83.2%) and Strongyloides (41%) nematodes. The mean parasite burden was 1255 eggs per gram. The gastrointestinal nematode genera identified were Trichostrongylus, Strongyloides, Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum, Bunostomum, and Cooperia. In general, a significant association was found between parasite burden and dewormed animals, anthelmintic used, date of last deworming, and breeds. The FAMACHA® method and body condition showed a significant association with the Strongylida parasite burden. Clusters with higher intensity of gastrointestinal nematode burden and high prevalence were observed in the regions of Bajo Sinú, Sinú Medio, and San Jorge.