bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic 3D confinement of MCF-7 cells induces directed cell-migration and viscoelastic anisotropy of cell-membrane
Authors: Edwin Privita Edwina Rayappan George , Kumar Sumeet , Roy Srestha , Roy Basudev , Bajpai Saumendra Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tumor-associated collagen signature-3 (TACS-3) is a prognostic indicator for breast cancer survival. It is characterized by highly organized, parallel bundles of collagen fibers oriented perpendicular to the tumor boundary, serving as directional, confining channels for cancer cell invasion. Here we design a TACS-3-mimetic anisotropic, confined collagen I matrix and examine the relation between anisotropy of matrix, directed cellular migration, and anisotropy of cell membrane-the first direct contact between TACS-3 and cell-using Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells as cancer-model. Using unidirectional freezing, we generated ∼50 μm-wide channels filled with collagen I. Optical tweezer (OT) microrheology shows that anisotropic confinement increases collagen viscoelasticity by two orders of magnitude, and the elastic modulus is significantly greater along the direction of anisotropic confinement compared to that along the orthogonal direction, thus establishing matrix anisotropy. Furthermore, MCF-7 cells embedded in anisotropic collagen I, exhibit directionality in cellular morphology and migration. Finally, using customized OT to trap polystyrene probes bound to cell-membrane (and not to ECM) of either free cells or cells under anisotropic confinement, we quantified the effect of matrix anisotropy on membrane viscoelasticity, both in-plane and out-of-plane, vis-à-vis the membrane. Both bulk and viscous modulus of cell-membrane of MCF-7 cells exhibit significant anisotropy under anisotropic confinement. Moreover, the cell membrane of MCF-7 cells under anisotropic confinement is significantly softer (both in-plane and out-of-plane moduli) despite their local environment being five times stiffer than free cells. In order to test if the coupling between anisotropy of extracellular matrix and anisotropy of cell-membrane is regulated by cell-cytoskeleton, actin cytoskeleton was depolymerized for both free and confined cells. Results show that cell membrane viscoelasticity of confined MCF-7 cells is unaffected by actin de-polymerization, in contrast to free cells. Together, these findings suggest that anisotropy of ECM induces directed migration and correlates with anisotropy of cell-membrane viscoelasticity of the MCF-7 cells in an actin-independent manner.
A novel and cost-effective optical detection of high magnitude current and magnetic pulses through a metallic cantilever
Authors: Ullah Rahim , Hussain Ghazanfar , Faisal Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We report a novel optical technique to measure short duration high magnitude current and magnetic pulses based on deflection of a macroscopic ferromagnetic cantilever. Deflection of the cantilever as a transducer takes place due to the attraction by an electromagnet. The reflected laser beam from a small thin mirror at tip of the cantilever is scanned over two spatially distinct photodetectors. Different high magnitude magnetic pulses are produced by discharging a capacitor bank through an inductive coil with a ferrite core. The response of the sensor is observed at different charging limits of the capacitor bank and spatial intervals between cantilever and inductive coil. A repeatable and linear response is detected by the devised sensors in the range 158.53–380.47 A current and 0.19–0.48 T magnetic field with sensitivity of 39.15 A kV−1 and 50.98 mT kV−1 for current and magnetic field amplitudes respectively in response to 2.5–6.0 kV charging of the capacitor bank. The proposed technique is remote, nondestructive, cost-effective and has a large dynamic range.
Time-dependent Aharonov–Casher effect on noncommutative space
Authors: Wang Tao , Ma Kai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we study the time-dependent Aharonov–Casher effect and its corrections due to spatial noncommutativity. Given that the charge of the infinite line in the Aharonov–Casher effect can adiabatically vary with time, we show that the original Aharonov–Casher phase receives an adiabatic correction, which is characterized by the time-dependent charge density. Based on Seiberg–Witten map, we show that noncommutative corrections to the time-dependent Aharonov–Casher phase contains not only an adiabatic term but also a constant contribution depending on the frequency of the varying electric field.
Optical bistability and multistability via electron injection rate in an imperfect cavity
Authors: Askar Shavan , Jabbar Abdullah Hasan , A S Prakaash , Ibragimov Jakhongir , Bashar Bashar S , Kadhim Zainab Jawad , Akhmetov Linar , Alfilh Raed H C , Ramniwas Seema , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this letter, we investigate the electron injection rate-based optical bistability (OB) and optical multistability (OM) features in an imperfect cavity. Coherent optical fields interact with the open four-level quantum system that makes up the ring cavity. We have discovered that the threshold of OB and OM as well as the length of the hysteresis loop can be changed by varying the length of the quantum system, reflection and transmission coefficient of cavity mirrors. Our findings further show that the electronic exit rate from the cavity and the electron injection rates have a significant impact on the threshold of OB and OM. It is discovered that transitioning from OB to OM or vice versa is achievable by adjusting the controllable parameters. The impact of the cooperation parameter on the properties of the OB and OM is then addressed. The findings demonstrate that the OB features are simple to manipulate. Our suggested model might be used to develop an all-optical device for use in upcoming quantum information processing.
Speech decoding from a small set of spatially segregated minimally invasive intracranial EEG electrodes with a compact and interpretable neural network
Authors: Petrosyan Artur , Voskoboinikov Alexey , Sukhinin Dmitrii , Makarova Anna , Skalnaya Anastasia , Arkhipova Nastasia , Sinkin Mikhail , Ossadtchi Alexei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Speech decoding, one of the most intriguing brain-computer interface applications, opens up plentiful opportunities from rehabilitation of patients to direct and seamless communication between human species. Typical solutions rely on invasive recordings with a large number of distributed electrodes implanted through craniotomy. Here we explored the possibility of creating speech prosthesis in a minimally invasive setting with a small number of spatially segregated intracranial electrodes. Approach. We collected one hour of data (from two sessions) in two patients implanted with invasive electrodes. We then used only the contacts that pertained to a single stereotactic electroencephalographic (sEEG) shaft or an electrocorticographic (ECoG) stripe to decode neural activity into 26 words and one silence class. We employed a compact convolutional network-based architecture whose spatial and temporal filter weights allow for a physiologically plausible interpretation. Main
results. We achieved on average 55% accuracy using only six channels of data recorded with a single minimally invasive sEEG electrode in the first patient and 70% accuracy using only eight channels of data recorded for a single ECoG strip in the second patient in classifying 26+1 overtly pronounced words. Our compact architecture did not require the use of pre-engineered features, learned fast and resulted in a stable, interpretable and physiologically meaningful decision rule successfully operating over a contiguous dataset collected during a different time interval than that used for training. Spatial characteristics of the pivotal neuronal populations corroborate with active and passive speech mapping results and exhibit the inverse space-frequency relationship characteristic of neural activity. Compared to other architectures our compact solution performed on par or better than those recently featured in neural speech decoding literature. Significance. We showcase the possibility of building a speech prosthesis with a small number of electrodes and based on a compact feature engineering free decoder derived from a small amount of training data.
Analogy of scaling law for heterogeneous interfacial fracture to explain the Gutenberg–Richter formula for earthquakes
Authors: Du Wei , Zhao Xiaohua , Hou Huiming , Fu Jinping , Su Jianxin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We propose a new approach for the statistical law due to the fracture of a heterogeneous interface involving spatial correlation of disorders. The dynamic process of interfacial fracture is governed by three coupled integral equations, which further become a system of linear algebraic equations after discretizing the interface to a set of prismatic elements. By tuning parameters, this model covers the whole cases of interfacial fracture from local-load-sharing to almost equal-load-sharing, extending the classical fiber bundle models to a general form. Numerical simulations present that in all cases, the statistical frequency distribution of bursts follows a power law with the exponent in the range (1.5, 2.5), the corresponding b-value in (0.75, 2.25), which well explains the empirical Gutenberg–Richter scaling. The exponent depends on stiffness of elastic spaces, heterogeneous properties of interface, and the distribution of displacements induced by loading. Furthermore, the exponent drops temporally with the evolution of fracture, to its final value before rupture of interface, a phenomenon that may be treated as a precursor for imminent catastrophic failure.
Single-ion anisotropy as the source of anomalies in thermodynamic properties of magnetic spin-1/2 − 1 mixed systems on square and simple cubic lattices
Authors: Jurčišinová E , Jurčišin M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The influence of the single-ion anisotropy on the thermodynamic properties of ferromagnetic as well as ferrimagnetic spin-1/2 − 1 mixed systems on the square and simple cubic lattice is investigated in the framework of the exactly solvable Ising-like models on the corresponding recursive lattices. The exact solutions of the models are present in the form of the explicit expressions for the free energy per site as the functions of the coordinates of the fixed points of the corresponding systems of recursion relations. The phase diagrams of the models are determined and the existence of compensation temperatures in the ferrimagnetic cases are discussed. The equations that drive the positions of the critical points are derived. The existence of the tricritical behavior in the three-dimensional system on the simple cubic lattice and its nonexistence in the case of the two-dimensional system on the square lattice is demonstrated. It is shown that the presence of the single-ion anisotropy can naturally lead to the emergence of the thermodynamic anomalies typical for frustrated magnetic systems even in unfrustrated ferromagnetic systems on studied bipartite lattices. First of all, the studied models exhibit the formation of strict residual-entropy hierarchies between the neighboring ground states of the system of three different ground states. It is also shown that due to this behavior of the entropy the specific heat capacity of the models exhibit anomalous (Schottky) behavior at low temperatures in the vicinity of the values of the anisotropy parameter, for which highly macroscopically degenerated single-point-like ground states are formed.
Single photon counting performance of the Auratek-Square MCP-PMT
Authors: Calvi M. , Capelli S. , Carniti P. , Gotti C. , Pessina G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper reports on the time resolution of the Auratek-Square MCP-PMT, a multi-anode microchannel plate photomultiplier produced by Photek.
When operating as single photon counter at low photon rate and with a single pixel illuminated it shows a transit time spread (jitter) of ∼100 ps FWHM, saturating at high rate, above ∼100 kHz/mm2.
The worsening of the timing performance depends on the bias voltage between the photocathode and the MCP input and between the MCP slabs.
The charge sharing between neighbouring pixels can become a major crosstalk source if not accounted for, degrading the time resolution to ∼170 ps FWHM when the entire pixel area is illuminated.
Study on SiPM performance at low temperatures between -60°C and -20°C
Authors: Zhong C. , Luo F.J. , Zheng B. , Wang X.D. , Bu M.Y. , Zou J. , Deng M.N. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Radon is the main background source of dark matter and neutrino experiments.
Radon concentration (mBq/m3) measurement by liquid scintillation detector is a highly sensitive method at low temperatures using silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) arrays.
The SiPM performance characteristics are closely related to the lower detection limit of the detector. In this study, we built an automatic and accurate low-temperature measurement system to study the single photoelectron (SPE) spectrum, SPE resolution, optical crosstalk, and after-pulse of the SiPM at different temperatures. As a result, we obtained the variation trend of the SiPM parameters at different temperatures, and the SiPM optimal working conditions were obtained, which can improve the detector's sensitivity.
Towards a future-proof climate database for European energy system studies
Authors: Dubus Laurent , Brayshaw David J , Huertas-Hernando Daniel , Radu David , Sharp Justin , Zappa William , Stoop Laurens P 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn 2013, the European Network of Transmission System Operators (TSOs) for electricity (ENTSO-E) created the Pan-European Climate Database (PECD), a tool that has underpinned most studies conducted by TSOs ever since. So far, the different versions of the PECD have used so-called modern-era ‘reanalysis’ products that represent a gridded amalgamation of historical conditions from observations. However, scientific evidence suggests, and recent European regulation requires, that power system adequacy studies should take climate change into account when estimating the future potential of variable renewable resources, such as wind, solar and hydro, and the impact of temperature on electricity demand. This paper explains the need for future climate data in energy systems studies and provides high-level recommendations for building a future-proof reference climate dataset for TSOs, not just in Europe, but also globally.
Green synthesis of zero-valent iron nanoparticles by Cleistocalyx operculatus leaf extract using microfluidic device for degradation of the Rhodamine B dye
Authors: Van Hoang Nguyen , Nguyen-Thi Le , Kim Gyu Man , Dang Trung-Dung , Ngoc Toan Vu , La Duong Duc 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnvironmental pollution, in particular, the wastewater from the textile and dyeing production process is causing serious issues for the ecosystem and humans. It has been well-demonstrated that zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are one of the most promising materials in the treatment of environmental pollutants. In this work, theCleistocalyx operculatusleaf extract was employed as a green reductant for the synthesis of the nZVIs nanoparticles from iron ions precursor. Notably, a microfluidic device was also used as micro-reactor for the synthesis process of the nanoparticles, making it easy to control and optimise the morphologies and sizes of nZVI. The morphology and crystallinity of nZVI were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The nZVIs prepared in a microfluidic reactor usingCleistocalyx operculatusleaf extract as reductant were in plate-like structure with the thickness of around 5 nm and the diameter in range of hundred nanometers. The removal efficiency of Rhodamin B (RhB) dye by the prepared nZVI was determined by ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The results showed that the nZVI revealed high removal performance toward RhB with removal efficiency of higher than 90% after 30 min of treatment. The effects of dye’s concentration, time, and pH solution on the treatment performance of RhB were also studied.
Characterization and wear properties of plasma sprayed Cr3C2 and Stellite coatings on Inconel 625
Authors: S Satheesh Kumar , Meignanamoorthy M , Ravichandran M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Steam turbine blades are subjected to wear because of the continuous exposure to high pressure and temperature of the steam. Excessive wear in the blades adversely affects the power generation. Super alloys are commonly used to overcome these issues. Inconel 625 has been considered for analysis in the current work. To further enhance the wear resistance, Cr3C2 and Stellite were added. The wear behavior of Inconel 625 coated with Cr3C2 and Stellite at constant load and various temperatures are investigated. These coatings were deposited on the base metal by using the atmospheric plasma spray coating process. Fabricated sample pieces are characterized by Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Vicker’s microhardness tester. Pin on disc tribometer has been used to study the friction and wear behaviour of the fabricated samples. Impact of the coatings with respect to wear are investigated with the help of SEM and EDAX. At various temperature settings, wear caused by the sliding of Inconel 625 coated with Cr3C2 and Stellite against the EN-8 steel disc are discussed. Temperature variations has affected both the coating’s removal and elemental composition. Stellite at room temperature and Cr3C2 at 400 °C significantly reduced the wear rate of Inconel 625 subjected to 20 N load condition.
Understanding broadsheet newspaper attention to climate change objective facts in South Africa
Authors: Mulaudzi Rendani , Kioko Joseph 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
South Africa is one of the most vulnerable countries to the impacts and risks of climate change in Africa. News media outlets play an important role in communicating content relating to climate change. Newspaper attention devoted to climate change has been more prolific in the Global North. To understand the portrayal of climate change science in news media in South Africa, this study examined objective facts coverage in three leading broadsheet newspapers between 1996 and 2016. Overall, this study found that newspaper coverage of climate change was at the highest peak in 2011. The findings revealed that attention to objective facts (observed climate trends, climate change impacts, and climate change projections) was not significant over a 20-year period. We found that objective facts generally dominated coverage in 2006 and 2007. Our findings indicate that newspaper attention to objective facts significantly decreased over the years. We also found that climate politics was the most dominant topic in the news articles. This study concludes that there is a considerable disconnect between the print media and objectivity when reporting climate change news stories in South Africa.
An Examination of the Longitudinal Relationship Between Cognitive Function and Physical Activity Among Older Breast Cancer Survivors in the Thinking and Living With Cancer Study
Authors: Tometich Danielle B , Mosher Catherine E , Cyders Melissa , McDonald Brenna C , Saykin Andrew J , Small Brent J , Zhai Wanting , Zhou Xingtao , Jim Heather S L , Jacobsen Paul , Ahles Tim A , Root James C , Graham Deena , Patel Sunita K , Mandelblatt Jeanne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundOlder cancer survivors are at risk for cognitive decline. Physical activity can improve cognition, and better cognitive function may facilitate greater physical activity.PurposeWe examined the potential bidirectional relationship between cognitive function and physical activity in older breast cancer survivors and controls.MethodsThe sample included women with newly diagnosed, nonmetastatic breast cancer (n = 395) and women without cancer (n = 374) ages 60–98. Participants were recruited as part of a larger multisite study, assessed prior to systemic therapy, and followed yearly for 36 months. Attention, processing speed, and executive function was measured using six neuropsychological tests, self-reported cognitive function using the Perceived Cognitive Impairments subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Cognitive Function , and physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Separate random intercepts cross-lagged panel models were used to examine the between- and within-person effects for survivors and controls, controlling for age, education, and study site.ResultsSurvivors reported significantly less physical activity than controls at baseline (1,284.92 vs. 2,085.98 MET min/week, p &lt; .05). When survivors reported higher activity, they simultaneously had better objective cognition at 12 months (β = 0.24, p = .04) and reported better perceived cognition at 12 and 24 months (β = 0.25, p = .03), but this relationship was not seen in controls. Cognition did not predict subsequent physical activity or vice versa in either group.ConclusionsCognition and physical activity are cross-sectionally associated in survivors, but the expected prospective relationships were not found.
Future-oriented Emotions and Decisions to Receive Genomic Testing Results Among U.S. Adults of African Ancestry
Authors: Gillman Arielle S , Iles Irina A , Klein William M P , Biesecker Barbara B , Lewis Katie L , Biesecker Leslie G , Ferrer Rebecca A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Future-oriented emotions are associated with consequential health decision-making, including genomic testing decisions. However, little is known about the relative role of various future-oriented emotions in such decisions. Moreover, most research on predictors of decision making regarding genomic testing is conducted with white participants.

Purpose
This study examined the role of future-oriented emotions in decisions to receive genomic testing results in U.S. individuals of African descent.

Methods
We analyzed cross-sectional survey data from a genomic sequencing cohort (N = 408). All participants identified as African, African-American, or Afro-Caribbean (Mage = 56.3, 74.7% female). Participants completed measures assessing anticipatory affect (worry about genetic testing results), anticipated distress (feeling devastated if genetic testing showed an increased risk for fatal disease), and anticipated regret (regretting a decision not to learn results). Outcomes were intentions for learning actionable, nonactionable, and carrier results.

Results
Anticipated regret was robustly positively associated with intentions to receive actionable (b = 0.28, p &lt; .001), nonactionable (b = 0.39, p &lt; .001), and carrier (b = 0.30, p &lt; .001) results. Anticipated distress was negatively associated with intentions to receive nonactionable results only (b = −0.16, p &lt; .01). Anticipatory negative affect (worry) was not associated with intentions. At higher levels of anticipated regret, anticipated distress was less strongly associated with intentions to receive nonactionable results (b = 0.14, p = .02).

Conclusions
Our results highlight the role of future-oriented emotions in genomic testing among participants who are typically underrepresented in genomic testing studies and behavioral medicine broadly. Future work should examine whether interventions targeting future-oriented emotions such as anticipated regret may have clinically meaningful effects in genetic counseling in similar cohorts.