bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding the Phenotypic Spectrum of APMR4 Syndrome Caused by a Novel Variant in LSS Gene
Authors: Elaraby Nesma M. , Ahmed Hoda A. , Ashaat Neveen A. , Tawfik Sameh , Ahmed Mahmoud K. H. , Hassib Nehal F. , Ashaat Engy A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlopecia intellectual disability syndromes 4 (APMR4) is a very rare autosomal recessive condition caused by a mutation in the LSS gene present on chromosome 21. This syndrome has a clinical heterogeneity mainly exhibited with variable degrees of intellectual disability (ID) and congenital alopecia, as well. Eight families with 13 cases have been previously reported. Herein, we provide a report on an Egyptian family with two affected siblings and one affected fetus who was diagnosed prenatally. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) revealed a novel pathogenic missense variant (c.1609G > T; p.Val537Leu) in the lanosterol synthase gene (LSS) related to the examined patients. The detected variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Segregation analyses confirmed that the parents were heterozygous. Our patient was presented with typical clinical manifestations of the disease in addition to new phenotypic features which included some dysmorphic facies as frontal bossing and bilateral large ears, as well as bilateral hyperextensibility of the fingers and wrist joints, short stature, umbilical hernia, and teeth mineralization defect. This study is the first study in Egypt and the 9th molecularly proven family to date. The aim is to expand the clinical and mutational spectrum of the syndrome. Moreover, the report gives a hint on the importance of prenatal testing and the proper genetic counseling to help the parents to take their own decision based on their beliefs.
Further exploration of the psychometric properties of the revised version of the Italian smartphone addiction scale – short version (SAS-SV)
Authors: Servidio Rocco , Griffiths Mark D. , Di Nuovo Santo , Sinatra Maria , Monacis Lucia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProblematic smartphone use (PSU) is an emerging public and social issue, potentially connected to the significant increase in smartphone applications. Different scales have been designed and developed to identify the risk of smartphone addiction, and the 10-item Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short Version (SAS-SV) is one of the most used instruments to assess the risk of PSU. The main objective of the present study was to provide further psychometric properties of the Italian version of the SAS-SV. The study was conducted with a convenience sample of 858 Italian university students. Parallel and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to confirm if the one-factor structure fitted the data well. In addition, because previous studies have emphasised gender and age differences in the SAS-SV, measurement invariance was also tested. Network analysis, predictive validity, and convergent validity were also explored. The parallel analysis results suggested removing Item 3 (feeling pain) because its factor loading was low, resulting in a nine-item SAS-SV. The measurement invariance showed that the SAS-SV performed similarly for gender and age. However, partial scalar invariance across gender and age was observed. Furthermore, gender differences indicated that more females than males scored higher on SAS-SV. No significant age differences were found. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve results indicated a cut-off of 29 points as the best for the SAS-SV (AUC = 0.85). Moreover, among males, the cut-off was 25 (AUC = 0.84), and among females, the cut-off was 30 (AUC = 0.84). The SAS-SV showed a strong association with problematic social media use (PSMU) and other variables related to smartphone use (e.g., time spent on Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp). Overall, the present study results indicate that the nine-item SAS-SV appears to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess PSU risk among Italian university students.
The reliability of honey bee density estimates from trapped drones
Authors: Williamson Elisabeth , Groom Scott , Utaipanon Patsavee , Oldroyd Benjamin P. , Chapman Nadine , Hogendoorn Katja 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAustralia has an abundance of feral honey bee colonies. Understanding their densities is important to assess their current economic and ecological impact and the need for mitigation should the mite Varroa destructor become established. Inferring colony density based on the genotypes of honey bee drones (males) caught in a Williams trap has been identified as a promising approach. This method assumes that (a) drones are attracted to the trap from an area bounded by the drone flight range, (b) sufficient colonies present within that radius are represented in a sample and (c) colonies that do not produce drones are small and of little ecological consequence. Here, we investigate whether known feral colonies were represented in drone samples and whether drone contribution per colony correlated with the relative colony size or the distance between the colony and the trap. We found that one-third of known colonies were not represented in the drone sample, and this proportion did not correlate with colony size or distance. For colonies that contributed at least one drone, there was a correlation between the number of drones caught per colony and the distance of the colony from the DCA, and at distances beyond 0.9 km, there was substantial non-detection. Further work is needed to determine an appropriate correction factor that converts the estimated number of colonies represented in a drone sample to colony density.
Bioinspired surface functionalization of biodegradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles for enhanced lubrication and drug release
Authors: Mao Xiaowei , Chen Kexin , Zhao Yanlong , Xiong Chunrong , Luo Jing , Wang Yuguang , Wang Bo , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis is associated with the significantly increased friction of the joint, which results in progressive and irreversible damage to the articular cartilage. A synergistic therapy integrating lubrication enhancement and drug delivery is recently proposed for the treatment of early-stage osteoarthritis. In the present study, bioinspired by the self-adhesion performance of mussels and super-lubrication property of articular cartilages, a biomimetic self-adhesive dopamine methacrylamide—poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (DMA—MPC) copolymer was designed and synthesized via free radical polymerization. The copolymer was successfully modified onto the surface of biodegradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles (bMSNs) by the dip-coating method to prepare the dual-functional nanoparticles (bMSNs@DMA—MPC), which were evaluated using a series of surface characterizations including the transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. The tribological test and in vitro drug release test demonstrated that the developed nanoparticles were endowed with improved lubrication performance and achieved the sustained release of an anti-inflammatory drug, i.e., diclofenac sodium (DS). In addition, the in vitro biodegradation test showed that the nanoparticles were almost completely biodegraded within 10 d. Furthermore, the dual-functional nanoparticles were biocompatible and effectively reduced the expression levels of two inflammation factors such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In summary, the surface functionalized nanoparticles with improved lubrication and local drug release can be applied as a potential intra-articularly injected biolubricant for synergistic treatment of early-stage osteoarthritis.
Scoping out urban areas of tourist interest though geolocated social media data: Bucharest as a case study
Authors: Nolasco-Cirugeda Almudena , García-Mayor Clara , Lupu Cristina , Bernabeu-Bautista Alvaro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSocial media data has frequently sourced research on topics such as traveller planning or the factors that influence travel decisions. The literature on the location of tourist activities, however, is scarce. The studies in this line that do exist focus mainly on identifying points of interest and rarely on the urban areas that attract tourists. Specifically, as acknowledged in the literature, tourist attractions produce major imbalances with respect to adjacent urban areas. The present study aims to fill this research gap by addressing a twofold objective. The first was to design a methodology allowing to identify the preferred tourist areas based on concentrations of places and activities. The tourist area was delimited using Instasights heatmaps information and the areas of interest were identified by linking data from the location-based social network Foursquare to TripAdvisor’s database. The second objective was to delimit areas of interest based on users’ existing urban dynamics. The method provides a thorough understanding of functional diversity and the location of a city’s different functions. In this way, it contributes to a better understanding of the spatial distribution imbalances of tourist activities. Tourist areas of interest were revealed via the identification of users’ preferences and experiences. A novel methodology was thus created that can be used in the design of future tourism strategies or, indeed, in urban planning. The city of Bucharest, Romania, was taken as a case study to develop this exploratory research.
An intergenerational programme delays health impairment in nursing home residents: the Duplo project
Authors: Boyano Inmaculada , Nieto Sonia , Serra Jose-Antonio , Alcaide Marisa , Caparros Marta , Varela Manuel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To analyse whether an intergenerational programme in which students interacted with institutionalised older persons had any impact on the older persons’ functional status.

Methods
Each academic year, a group of older adults living in nursing homes were divided into two arms. For the next four months, the first group received daily visits from a group of students during which they followed a pre-established activity plan, whilst the other arm proceeded with their normal activity. After 4 months, the groups crossed over, and the second arm received the student visits, whilst the first group returned to their normal activity.
A battery of tests was performed at inception, crossover and the end of the second period. The tests explored mobility (Timed Up-and-Go), cognition (Mini-Mental Examination), executive function (Frontal Assessment Battery) and mood (Geriatric Depression Scale). A dichotomous aggregate “significant impairment” variable was deemed to be present when there was at least a 20% loss of function (compared to the value at the beginning of the period) in any of the aforementioned tests.

Results
The study included 289 older adults who visited with 91 students. Subjects in the active phase had a lower incidence of significant impairment than those in the control phase (O.R. 0.90, p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the individual variables.

Conclusion
An intergenerational project with students visiting older adults in nursing homes had a protective effect, delaying functional decay in older adults.
5G mobile networks: reviewing security control correctness for mischievous activity
Authors: Yocam Eric , Gawanmeh Amjad , Alomari Ahmad , Mansoor Wathiq 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA mobile telecommunications network has arguably become a vital part of today’s critical communications infrastructure underpinning society’s interconnectedness. A mobile telecommunications network can be considered a critical communications infrastructure that has been built upon a complex set of network technologies. However, the migration in recent years from pre-5G to 5G network technologies has presented the mobile telecommunications network operators with not only several security-related challenges but also potential unfortunate risk exposure. A new approach called Control-Risk-Correctness (CRC) addresses the need for evaluating a complex mix of network technology and the associated trade-offs between security and risk. CRC simplifies the analysis by examining the mobile telecommunications network from the perspective of security control effectiveness and risk treatments. This article outlines the application of CRC when assessing a mobile telecommunication network and highlights direct risk mitigation treatments in an aim to increase security control effectiveness and decrease risk exposure. CRC usefulness will assist in the evaluation of existing networks and safeguarding new networks over the coming years.
Rethinking the Architecture of Attachment: New Insights into the Role for Oxytocin Signaling
Authors: Berendzen Kristen M. , Manoli Devanand S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSocial attachments, the enduring bonds between individuals and groups, are essential to health and well-being. The appropriate formation and maintenance of social relationships depend upon a number of affective processes, including stress regulation, motivation, reward, as well as reciprocal interactions necessary for evaluating the affective state of others. A genetic, molecular, and neural circuit level understanding of social attachments therefore provides a powerful substrate for probing the affective processes associated with social behaviors. Socially monogamous species form long-term pair bonds, allowing us to investigate the mechanisms underlying attachment. Now, molecular genetic tools permit manipulations in monogamous species. Studies using these tools reveal new insights into the genetic and neuroendocrine factors that design and control the neural architecture underlying attachment behavior. We focus this discussion on the prairie vole and oxytocinergic signaling in this and related species as a model of attachment behavior that has been studied in the context of genetic and pharmacological manipulations. We consider developmental processes that impact the demonstration of bonding behavior across genetic backgrounds, the modularity of mechanisms underlying bonding behaviors, and the distributed circuitry supporting these behaviors. Incorporating such theoretical considerations when interpreting reverse genetic studies in the context of the rich ethological and pharmacological data collected in monogamous species provides an important framework for studies of attachment behavior in both animal models and studies of human relationships.
Progress of Nb-containing catalysts for carbon dioxide reduction: a minireview
Authors: Gao Jun-Xian , Tian Wen-Jie , Zhang Hua-Yang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNb-containing catalysts have the potential to catalyze carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction due to their strong surface acidity and CO2 activation sites. Still, they have not been widely used in the development and design of catalysts due to the theoretical/cost/safety limitations. Related advances have been continuously reported in the literature, demonstrating to some extent the promise of catalytic applications of Nb-containing catalysts in this area. In this minireview, we discuss the structure–activity relationships of Nb-containing catalysts for photo-, electro-, and thermocatalytic reduction of CO2. The engineering strategies of Nb-containing catalysts for enhancing the conversion and selectivity of CO2 reduction are discussed, ranging from Nb doping, noble metal decoration, surface acidity adjustment, oxygen vacancy engineering, and heterojunction construction to Nb or Nb2O5 particle decoration. The theoretical calculation research for the possible reaction paths and product selectivity is also discussed. Finally, the prospects for designing and optimizing Nb-containing catalysts are proposed. With a deep understanding of catalytic activity and reaction mechanism, this minireview is expected to present the optimization of the Nb-containing catalysts for efficient and highly selective CO2 reduction.
An Exploratory Study on Utilising the Web of Linked Data for Product Data Mining
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Song Xingyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Linked Open Data practice has led to a significant growth of structured data on the Web. While this has created an unprecedented opportunity for research in the field of Natural Language Processing, there is a lack of systematic studies on how such data can be used to support downstream NLP tasks. This work focuses on the e-commerce domain and explores how we can use such structured data to create language resources for product data mining tasks. To do so, we process billions of structured data points in the form of RDF n-quads, to create multi-million words of product-related corpora that are later used in three different ways for creating language resources: training word-embedding models, continued pre-training of BERT-like language models, and training machine translation models that are used as a proxy to generate product-related keywords. These language resources are then evaluated in three downstream tasks, product classification, linking, and fake review detection using an extensive set of benchmarks. Our results show word embeddings to be the most reliable and consistent method to improve the accuracy on all tasks (with up to 6.9% points in macro-average F1 on some datasets). Contrary to some earlier studies that suggest a rather simple but effective approach such as building domain-specific language models by pre-training using in-domain corpora, our work serves a lesson that adapting these methods to new domains may not be as easy as it seems. We further analyse our datasets and reflect on how our findings can inform future research and practice.
A Knowledge Graph Perspective on Knowledge Engineering
Authors: Simsek Umutcan , Kärle Elias , Angele Kevin , Huaman Elwin , Opdenplatz Juliette , Sommer Dennis , Umbrich Jürgen , Fensel Dieter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor over 50 years researchers and practitioners have searched for ways to elicit and formalize expert knowledge to support AI applications. Expert systems and knowledge bases were all results of these efforts. The initial efforts on knowledge bases were focused on defining a domain and task intensionally with rather complex ontologies. The increasing complexity of knowledge and knowledge-based systems eventually led to the development of knowledge engineering methodologies. Knowledge graphs, in contrast to the traditional knowledge bases, represent knowledge more extensionally with a very large set of explicit statements and rather simpler and smaller ontologies. This paradigm change calls for a new take on knowledge engineering that focuses on the curation of ABox statements. In this paper, we introduce various aspects of the knowledge graphs lifecycle namely creation, hosting, curation and deployment. We define each task, give example approaches from the literature and explain our approach with a running example. Additionally, we present the German Tourism Knowledge Graph that is being implemented with our methodology.
Safety Evaluation of Primary Carotid Stenting: Transcranial Doppler and MRI
Authors: Pelz David M. , Lownie Stephen P. , Iftikhar Urooj F. , Munoz Claudio , Lopez-Ojeda Pablo , Azarpazhooh Reza 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT:Background and Purpose:Cerebral emboli are generated by every step of standard carotid angioplasty and stenting. Primary carotid stenting (PCS) is a technique in which the use of balloon angioplasty (BA) is minimized to decrease the embolic load. The primary aim of this study is to establish the number of emboli generated by each step of primary stenting and determine the relationship to new diffusion (DWI) lesions on subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods:Eighty-five patients with severe, symptomatic carotid stenosis were prospectively recruited and underwent carotid stenting. Intraoperative transcranial Doppler was performed in 77 patients. The number and size of microemboli for each of seven procedural steps were recorded. Correlation was made with the number and location of new DWI lesions.Results:PCS was performed in 73 patients. BA was required in 12 patients. The mean number of microemboli was 114, and most microemboli were generated by stent deployment, followed by BA. Balloon techniques generated significantly more emboli than primary stenting (p = 0.017). There was a significant relationship between total microemboli and new DWI lesions (p = 0.009), and between new DWI lesions in multiple territories and the severity of pretreatment stenosis (p = 0.002).Conclusions:During PCS, more emboli are generated by stent deployment than during any other stage of the procedure. When BA is necessary, more malignant emboli are generated but total emboli are unchanged and there is no difference in new diffusion lesions on MRI. PCS is safe and is not inferior to historical controls for the generation of new DWI lesions.
Self-interested learning is more important than fair-minded conditional cooperation in public-goods games
Authors: Burton-Chellew Maxwell N. , Guérin Claire 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Why does human cooperation often unravel in economic experiments despite a promising start? Previous studies have interpreted the decline as the reaction of disappointed altruists retaliating in response to non-altruists (Conditional Cooperators hypothesis). This interpretation has been considered evidence of a uniquely human form of cooperation, motivated by an altruistic concern for equality (‘fairness’) and requiring special evolutionary explanations. However, experiments have typically shown individuals not only information about the decisions of their groupmates (social information) but also information about their own payoffs. Showing both confounds explanations based on conditional cooperation with explanations based on confused individuals learning how to better play the game (Confused Learners hypothesis). Here we experimentally decouple these two forms of information, and thus these two hypotheses, in a repeated public-goods game. Analysing 616 Swiss university participants, we find that payoff information leads to a greater decline, supporting the Confused Learners hypothesis. In contrast, social information has a small or negligible effect, contradicting the Conditional Cooperators hypothesis. We also find widespread evidence of both confusion and selfish motives, suggesting that human cooperation is maybe not so unique after all.
Patterned convection in inclined slots
Authors: Floryan J.M. , Baayoun A. , Panday S. , Bassom Andrew P. 
Published: October 2022

An analysis of laminar natural convection in inclined slots subjected to patterned heating has been performed. The imposed heating takes a simple form characterized by a single Fourier mode combined with uniform heating. It is shown that periodic heating applied at the lower plate produces no net flow when the slot is either horizontal or vertical, but a net upward flow is generated when the slot is tilted. Periodic heating applied at the upper plate produces net downward flow in the inclined situation. The addition of uniform heating promotes the upward flow while cooling has the opposite effect. There is a critical inclination angle at which the maximum net flow rate is greatest. Dynamic and thermal boundary layers are present when the wavenumber of the imposed heating is large. The use of heating at both plates, with the same wavenumber, leads to a flow dominated by the plate exposed to a more intense heating; when the two plates are heated equally no net flow is observed irrespective of the inclination angle. Changes of the relative positions of the two patterns can change the net flow rate by up to 50 %. The intensity of the flow increases with reduction of the Prandtl number. If the heating applied to the plates is of different wavelength, but of the same intensity, a wide range of behaviours of the flow system is possible. The details of this response are sensitive to the ratio of the two wavenumbers.