bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of experiencing severe physical abuse in childhood on adolescent refugees’ emotional distress and integration during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Potter Flurina , Dohrmann Katalin , Rockstroh Brigitte , Schauer Maggie , Crombach Anselm 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAccumulating evidence highlights the importance of pre- and post- migration stressors on refugees’ mental health and integration. In addition to migration-associated stressors, experiences earlier in life such as physical abuse in childhood as well as current life stress as produced by the COVID-19-pandemic may impair mental health and successful integration – yet evidence on these further risks is still limited. The present study explicitly focused on the impact of severe physical abuse in childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluated the impact of these additional stressors on emotional distress and integration of refugees in Germany.MethodsThe sample included 80 refugees, 88.8% male, mean age 19.7 years. In a semi-structured interview, trained psychologists screened for emotional distress, using the Refugee Health Screener, and integration status, using the Integration Index. The experience of severe physical abuse in childhood was quantified as a yes/no response to the question: “Have you been hit so badly before the age of 15 that you had to go to hospital or needed medical attention?” Multiple hierarchical regression analyses further included gender, age, residence status, months since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and length of stay in Germany to predict emotional distress and integration.ResultsTwo regression analyses determined significant predictors of (1) emotional distress (adjusted R2 = 0.23): duration of being in the pandemic (ß = 0.38, p &lt; 0.001) and severe physical abuse in childhood (ß = 0.31, p = 0.005), and significant predictors of (2) integration (adjusted R2 = 0.53): length of stay in Germany (ß = 0.62, p &lt; 0.001), severe physical abuse in childhood (ß = 0.21, p = 0.019) and emotional distress (ß = −0.28, p = 0.002).ConclusionIn addition to migration-associated stressors, severe physical abuse in childhood constitutes a pre-migration risk, which crucially affects the well-being, emotional distress and integration of refugees in Germany.
“Invalid busyness” behaviors of a few grassroots cadres: Evidence from normative explanation
Authors: Duan Cheche , Zeng Yan , Zhou Yicheng , Li Yingying 
Published: November 2022

Effective grassroots governance is the foundation for the stability of state power, but the “invalid busyness” behavior of a few grassroots cadres has seriously deteriorated the local political ecology. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism of “invalid busyness” behavior of grassroots cadres, this paper, following the analysis of typological research and combined with publicly available data, classifies the “invalid busyness” behavior of grassroots cadres into eight types, including hedging and self-preservation, drifting with the stream, patchwork response, conforming old rulers, replacing targets, blame avoidance, trace doctrine, and self-waiver. It is found that the “invalid busyness” behavior of grassroots cadres is shaped by the risk society paradox, local management paradox, incentive intensity paradox and technical governance paradox, and the “invalid busyness” behavior of grassroots cadres needs to be corrected from the four-dimensional logic of incentive, restraint, deep care, and strict control. This study systematically describes the manifestation, causes and correction mechanism of the “invalid busyness” behavior of grassroots cadres, which enriches and expands the theoretical research on the performance behavior of grassroots cadres.Systematic review registrationhttps://osf.io/h5wgj.
Psychological fortitude model for digitally mindset working adults
Authors: Potgieter Ingrid , Ferreira Nadia 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe inception of Industry 4.0 (which includes smart digital technologies and intelligence), as well as the rapidly enforced adoption of the technological revolution due to the lockdown regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic, brought new situational demands, challenges and opportunities for both employees and organizations across the globe. Individuals are required to develop personal enablers (both intrapersonal and intradigital attributes) to optimize their psychological fortitude. Research on the intrapersonal resources needed by employees to have the fortitude to adapt to remote working conditions as a result of the digital era, is currently lacking. The igital era brought about the question of how individuals’ career adaptability and career wellbeing (as a set of agile adaptable attributes) relate to their perceptions of the value-oriented psychological contract, and whether these intrapersonal resources can contribute to a psychological fortitude model for remote working employees.MethodThis study utilized a survey method to investigate the correlations between agile adaptable attributes and the valueoriented psychological contract of global digital-mindset human resource and financial service organizations. Based on further canonical correlations, structural equation modeling was conducted to develop and recommend a psychological fortitude model for remote working adults in the digital age.ResultsClose theoretical and empirical associations were found between career adaptability and career wellbeing (as agile adaptable variables) and the perceived value-orientated psychological contract.DiscussionThis study proposed a psychological fortitude model (consisting of intrapersonal resources) that organizations and career practitioners can use as a basis to enhance employees’ psychological fortitude in the digital age, as well as for further career research.
Alterations in mental health and quality of life among healthcare workers in times of COVID-19: Four-stage cross-sectional study during first four pandemic waves in Poland
Authors: Babicki Mateusz , Kowalski Krzysztof , Bogudzińska Bogna , Mastalerz-Migas Agnieszka 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has had many unexpected effects that have affected the mental health of healthcare workers. In response to the crisis, healthcare workers appear to be the most vulnerable to the psychological effects of the pandemic. The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and healthcare workers’ quality of life during the different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methodsThe questionnaire was distributed in four stages corresponding to the different waves of the pandemic in Poland. The last stage of the study covered the period from November 1, 2021 to November 31, 2021 which coincided with the fourth wave of COVID-19 in Poland. The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), Generalized Anxiety Disorderd-7 (GAD-7), and Manchester Brief Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA) scales were used.ResultsA total of 1,243 respondents participated. A gradual increase in moderate and severe anxiety was observed as the pandemic continued, comparing waves I and IV of the pandemic. No statistically significant differences were observed in comparing the mean values of the BDI-II, GAD-7, and MANSA scales across waves. A decrease in fear due to the disease and neighbor’s quarantine was found. Women, single people and those with a psychiatric history are more likely to be affected by the destructive impact of the pandemic.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic is significantly affecting the mental health and quality of life of healthcare workers, but trend is not uniform. It is necessary to continue monitoring the mental health of medical workers, who are the most important link in the fight against the pandemic.
The role of disability and depressive symptoms in the relation between objective cognitive performance and subjective cognitive decline
Authors: Pacifico Deborah , Sabatini Serena , Fiordelli Maddalena , Albanese Emiliano 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) and subjective memory decline (SMD) are common among older people. Evidence linking SCD and SMD with cognitive and memory impairment is inconsistent. Moreover, little is known about the associations of SCD and SMD with disability. We aimed to explore the associations of SCD and SMD with objective cognitive and memory performance, disability, and depressive symptoms.Materials and methodsIn a cross-sectional study we conducted face to face interviews in a randomized sample of people aged ≥65 years living in the Canton of Ticino, southern Switzerland, between May 2021 and April 2022. We measured subjective cognitive decline with the MyCog, a subsection of the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire (SCD-Q); cognitive functioning with the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia; memory with the consortium to establish a registry for alzheimer’s disease (CERAD) 10-word list learning task; and disability and depressive symptoms with the world health organization disability assessment schedule 2.0 (WHO-DAS 2.0) and the Euro-Depression (EURO-D) scales, respectively.ResultsOf the 250 participants 93.6% reported at least one cognitive difficulty, and 40.0% SMD. Both SCD and SMD were associated with poorer objective cognitive/memory performance, and independently with greater disability, and more depressive symptoms. But in participants with high disability and depressive symptoms subjective and objective cognition were no longer associated. Disability fully mediated the associations of poorer objective cognitive and memory performance with subjective cognitive and memory decline.ConclusionRoutine clinical assessments of cognitive function should include formal enquires about SCD and SMD, and also account for disability and depressive symptoms.
Use of social health insurance for hospital care by internal migrants in China—Evidence from the 2018 China migrants dynamic survey
Authors: Yao Qiang , Li Hanxuan , Liu Chaojie 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundChina's welfare system including social health insurance has been closely linked to its unique household registration system, despite high population mobility over the past few decades. This study aimed to determine the pattern of health insurance usage from internal migrants in mainland China for hospital care.MethodsData were extracted from the 2018 China Migrants Dynamic Survey. The respondents who enrolled in a social health insurance program and reported illness or injury over the past year were eligible for this study (n = 15,302). Two groups of outcome indicators were calculated assessing the use (incidence and settlement location) of insurance funds for hospital care and the burden of hospital expenditure (total hospital expenditure, out-of-pocket payments, and share of insurance reimbursement), respectively. Logit regression and Heckman's sample selection models were established to determine the predictors of insurance fund usage and the burden of hospital expenditure, respectively.ResultsMost respondents enrolled in a social health insurance program outside of their residential location (70.72%). About 28.90% were admitted to a hospital over the past year. Of those hospitalized, 72.98% were admitted to a hospital at their migration destination, and 69.96% obtained reimbursement from health insurance, covering on average 47% of total hospital expenditure. Those who had a local insurance fund aligned with residency (AOR = 2.642, 95% CI = 2.108–3.310, p &lt; 0.001) and enrolled in employment-based insurance (AOR = 1.761, 95% CI = 1.348–2.301, p &lt; 0.001) were more likely to use insurance funds for hospital care, and paid less out-of-pocket (β = −0.183 for local funds, p = 0.017; β = −0.171 for employment-based insurance, p = 0.005) than others. A higher share of insurance reimbursement as a proportion of hospital expenditure was found in the employment-based insurance enrollees (β = 0.147, p &lt; 0.001). Insurance claim settlement at the residential location was associated with lower total hospital expenditure (β = −0.126, p = 0.012) and out-of-pocket payments (β = −0.262, p &lt; 0.001), and higher share of insurance reimbursement (β = 0.066, p &lt; 0.001) for hospital expenditure.ConclusionLow levels of health insurance benefits for hospital care are evident for internal migrants in mainland China, which are associated with the funding arrangements linked to household registration and inequality across different funds.
Using the ISM-ANP-SD combination model to explore the mechanism and intervention strategies of influencing factors of coal mine safety system
Authors: Yang Xue , Xing Qiyu , Tian Kang , Liu Chen , Yang Juan 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundWith the intelligent construction of coal mines, the number of coal mine accidents is gradually decreasing, but the complexity of accidents is increasing. Understanding the interaction mechanism among the influencing factors of the coal mine safety system is an essential part of improving and enhancing the safety of the coal mine system.MethodsThe descriptive, structural model-network hierarchical analysis (ISM-ANP) was used to explore the interaction between the factors influencing the coal mine safety system and determine each factor's importance. A system dynamics simulation model was constructed to clarify the mechanism of each factor's effect on the safety system.ResultsThe results show that Individual miners' factors directly influence coal mine system safety, organizational management factors, and group factors indirectly influence system safety and play the role of macro regulation. The intelligent system is the most profound factor influencing system safety. There are apparent differences in the influence of different subsystems on system safety, with organizational management having the most significant influence on system safety, followed by individual miners and group factors, and intelligent system factors and external environmental factors having a more negligible influence on system safety.ConclusionThere is a complex interaction between the factors affecting the safety of the coal mine system, and there are apparent differences in the influence of different subsystems on the safety level of the coal mine system. This study puts forward the intervention strategy to improve the safety of the coal mine system, which provides theoretical support and method guidance for preventing coal mine accidents and improving the safety level of the coal mine system.
Utilization and out-of-pocket expenses of primary care among the multimorbid elderly in China: A two-part model with nationally representative data
Authors: Chen Yuehua , Liu Wenbin 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundMultimorbidity has become an essential public health issue that threatens human health and leads to an increased disease burden. Primary care is the prevention and management of multimorbidity by providing continuous, comprehensive patient-centered services. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the determinants of primary care utilization and out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE) among multimorbid elderly to promote rational utilization of primary care and reduce avoidable economic burdens.MethodsThe study used data from CHARLS 2015 and 2018, which included a total of 4,384 multimorbid elderly aged 60 and above. Guided by Grossman theory, determinants such as education, gender, marriage, household economy, and so on were included in this study. A two-part model was applied to evaluate primary care utilization and OOPE intensity in multimorbid populations. And the robustness testing was performed to verify research results.ResultsPrimary care visits rate and OOPE indicated a decline from 2015 to 2018. Concerning primary outpatient care, the elderly who were female (OR = 1.51, P &lt; 0.001), married (OR = 1.24, P &lt; 0.05), living in rural areas (OR = 1.77, P &lt; 0.001) and with poor self-rated health (OR = 2.23, P &lt; 0.001) had a significantly higher probability of outpatient utilization, whereas those with middle school education (OR = 0.61, P &lt; 0.001) and better household economy (OR = 0.96, P &lt; 0.001) had a significantly less likelihood of using outpatient care. Rural patients (β = −0.72, P &lt; 0.05) may have lower OOPE, while those with better household economy (β = 0.29, P &lt; 0.05; β = 0.58, P &lt; 0.05) and poor self-rated health (β = 0.62, P &lt; 0.001) occurred higher OOPE. Regarding primary inpatient care, adults who were living in rural areas (OR = 1.48, P &lt; 0.001), covered by Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) or Urban Rural Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) (OR = 2.46, P &lt; 0.001; OR = 1.81, P &lt; 0.001) and with poor self-rated health (OR = 2.30, P &lt; 0.001) had a significantly higher probability of using inpatient care, whereas individuals who were female (OR = 0.74, P &lt; 0.001), with middle school education (OR = 0.40, P &lt; 0.001) and better household economy (OR = 0.04, P &lt; 0.001) had a significantly lower tendency to use inpatient care. Significantly, more OOPE occurred by individuals who were women (β = 0.18, P &lt; 0.05) and with better household economy (β = 0.40, P &lt; 0.001; β = 0.62, P &lt; 0.001), whereas those who were covered by URBMI (β = −0.25, P &lt; 0.05) and satisfied with their health (β = −0.21, P &lt; 0.05) had less OOPE.ConclusionTo prompt primary care visits and reduce economic burden among subgroups, more policy support is in need, such as tilting professional medical staff and funding to rural areas, enhancing awareness of disease prevention among vulnerable groups and so on.
Non-linear association of birth weight with lung function and risk of asthma: A population-based study
Authors: Yang Meng , Mei Hong , Du Juan , Yu Linling , Hu Liqin , Xiao Han 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe impact of birth weight on lung function and risk of asthma remains contentious. Our aim was to investigate the specific association of birth weight with lung function and the risk of asthma in children.MethodsWe performed cross-sectional analyses of 3,295 children aged 6–15 years who participated in the 2007–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). After controlling for potential covariates other than gestational diabetes, maternal asthma and obesity, the linear and non-linear associations of birth weight with lung function metrics and the risk of asthma were evaluated by a generalized linear model and generalized additive model, respectively.ResultsWe observed a non-linear association of birth weight with FEV1 %predicted, FEV1/FVC %predicted and FEF25 − 75 %predicted (P for non-linearity was 0.0069, 0.0057, and 0.0027, respectively). Further threshold effect analysis of birth weight on lung function detected the turning point for birth weight was 3.6 kg. When the birth weight was &lt; 3.6 kg, birth weight was significantly positively associated with all pulmonary function metrics. However, negative associations were found in FEV1 %predicted, FEV1/FVC %predicted and FEF25 − 75 %predicted when the birth weight was ≥3.6 kg. These results were consistent in the stratified and sensitivity analyses. Additionally, a possible non-linear relationship was also detected between birth weight and the risk of asthma.ConclusionAlthough not all maternal factors were accounted for, our findings provided new insight into the association of birth weight with lung function. Future studies are warranted to confirm the present findings and understand the clinical significance.
Additive-induced pH determines bacterial community composition and metabolome in traditional mustard seed fermented products
Authors: Bora Sudipta Sankar , Dullah Samim , Dey Kuntal Kumar , Hazarika Dibya Jyoti , Sarmah Unmona , Sharma Darshana , Goswami Gunajit , Singh Naorem Romen , Barooah Madhumita 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionKahudi and Kharoli are unique naturally fermented mustard seed products prepared and consumed in the northeastern region of India. The pre-fermentation processing of mustard seeds (soaking, pan-frying, mixing with alkaline or acidic additives, airtight packaging) renders a stringent fermentation environment. The metabolic activities of fermenting bacterial populations yield a myriad of glucosinolate-derived bioactive components which have not been described earlier.MethodsThis present study employed integrated 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and LC-MS-based metabolomics to elucidate the bacterial diversity and metabolome of the two fermented mustard seed food products.Results and DiscussionUnivariate and multivariate analyses of metabolomics data revealed differential abundances of a few therapeutically-important metabolites viz., sinapine, indole-3-carbinol, γ-linolenic acid in Kahudi, and metabolites viz., β-sitosterol acetate, 3-butylene glucosinolate, erucic acid in Kharoli. A metagenomic investigation involving the 16S rRNA (V3–V4) amplicon sequencing showed the dominance of Firmicutes (99.1 ± 0.18%) in Kahudi, and Firmicutes (79.6 ± 1.92%) and Proteobacteria (20.37 ± 1.94%) in Kharoli. The most abundant genera were Bacillus (88.7 ± 1.67% in Kahudi; 12.5 ± 1.75% in Kharoli) followed by Lysinibacillus (67.1 ± 2.37% in Kharoli; 10.4 ± 1.74% in Kahudi). Members of both these genera are well known for proteolytic and endospore-forming abilities which could have helped in colonizing and thriving in the stringent fermentation environments.
Association of Household Utility of Cleaner Fuel With Lower Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults
Authors: Liu Zhiguang , Li Mengya , Zhu Yibing , Hystad Perry , Ma Yuanting , Rangarajan Sumathy , Zhao Qian , Hu Lihua , Yusuf Salim , Li Yang , Tse Lap Ah 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To investigate whether lower hypertension prevalence or blood pressure was associated with cleaner household fuel usage for cooking and heating among Chinese adults.Methods: We enrolled 44,862 Chinese adults at the baseline of the prospective urban and rural epidemiology (PURE) study in China during 2005–2009, as a subset of the PURE-global China site. Multilevel logistic regression and generalized linear mixed models were conducted to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and regression coefficient for hypertension and blood pressure respectively, while subgroup analysis by ambient PM2.5 concentration and location was also examined.Results: Compared with the least clean household solid fuel group, gas (AOR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.99) or electricity (AOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.60, 0.87) was associated with significantly lower levels of hypertension prevalence and blood pressure, and a similar pattern of the association was consistently observed among participants with high ambient PM2.5 exposure and those living in urban areas.Conclusion: Household utility of cleaner fuel type was associated with lower hypertension prevalence and blood pressure in Chinese adults. Our study urges the utilization of cleaner household energy to mitigate the burden of hypertension.