bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning applied to analyze patterns from evaporated droplets of Viscum album extracts
Authors: Acuña Carlos , Mier y Terán Alfonso , Kokornaczyk Maria Olga , Baumgartner Stephan , Castelán Mario 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a deep learning based methodology for analyzing the self-assembled, fractal-like structures formed in evaporated droplets. To this end, an extensive image database of such structures of the plant extract Viscum album Quercus$$10^{-3}$$

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was used, prepared by three different mixing procedures (turbulent, laminar, and diffusion based). The proposed pattern analysis approach is based on two stages: (1) automatic selection of patches that exhibit rich texture along the database; and (2) clustering of patches in accordance with prevalent texture by means of a Dense Convolutional Neural Network. The fractality of the patterns in each cluster is verified through Local Connected Fractal Dimension histograms. Experiments with Gray-Level Co-Occurrence matrices are performed to determine the benefit of the proposed approach in comparison with well established image analysis techniques. For the investigated plant extract, significant differences were found between the production modalities; whereas the patterns obtained by laminar flow showed the highest fractal structure, the patterns obtained by the application of turbulent mixture exhibited the lowest fractality. Our approach is the first to analyze, at the pure image level, the clustering properties of regions of interest within a database of evaporated droplets. This allows a greater description and differentiation of the patterns formed through different mixing procedures.
Spectrofluorimetric determination of selected genotoxic impurities in pharmaceutical raw materials and final products
Authors: Shallan Aliaa I. , Abdel-Hakim Ali , Hammad Mohamed A. , Abou El-Alamin Maha M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA green spectrofluorimetric method was introduced for the determination of selected genotoxic impurities; 2-aminopyridine and 3-aminopyridine in different pharmaceutical raw materials and dosage forms. The method relied on the native fluorescence of these impurities in acidic medium. The experimental conditions were carefully studied and optimized, and the method was validated according to International Council on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The linear range for both analytes was 2.50–100 ng/mL with good determination coefficients of 0.9995 and 0.9992 and detection limits of 0.62 ng/mL and 0.74 ng/mL for 2-aminopyridine and 3-aminopyridine, respectively. The method was successfully applied for determination of 2-aminopyridine and 3-aminopyridine in four active pharmaceutical ingredients and nine dosage forms with satisfactory percentage recoveries and without interference from co-formulated excipients. Analytical performance of the proposed method was comparable to that of the reported methods; hence, the proposed method can be used as a simple and low-cost alternative in quality control laboratories.
Transcriptome analysis of five different tissues of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) fruit identifies full-length genes involved in seed oil biosynthesis
Authors: Ravichandiran Kumar , Parani Madasamy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe bitter gourd seed oil, rich in conjugated fatty acids, has therapeutic value to treat cancer, obesity, and aging. It also has an industrial application as a drying agent. Despite its significance, genomics studies are limited, and the genes for seed oil biosynthesis are not fully understood. In this study, we assembled the fruit transcriptome of bitter gourd using 254.5 million reads (Phred score > 30) from the green rind, white rind, pulp, immature seeds, and mature seeds. It consisted of 125,566 transcripts with N50 value 2,751 bp, mean length 960 bp, and 84% completeness. Transcript assembly was validated by RT-PCR and qRT-PCR analysis of a few selected transcripts. The transcripts were annotated against the NCBI non-redundant database using the BLASTX tool (E-value < 1E−05). In gene ontology terms, 99,443, 86,681, and 82,954 transcripts were classified under biological process, molecular function, and cellular component. From the fruit transcriptome, we identified 26, 3, and 10 full-length genes coding for all the enzymes required for synthesizing fatty acids, conjugated fatty acids, and triacylglycerol. The transcriptome, transcripts with tissue-specific expression patterns, and the full-length identified from this study will serve as an important genomics resource for this important medicinal plant.
Mechanism of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) dimerization by low-temperature plasma
Authors: Park Seungil , Jeong Gyeong Han , Jee Sung Hoon , Kim Tae Hoon , Kim Seong Bong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe efficient dimerization of (−)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is the major bioactive constituent isolated from the leaves of Camellia sinensis, was initially reported without changes in its stereochemistry using low-temperature plasma. The contribution of plasma during the dimerization of EGCG in a methanolic solution was quantified using a major factor, with the major factor demonstrated based on the contents of newly generated products, in this case the sum of oolonghomobisflavans A and B depending on the plasma treatment method. Samples were treated in three methods: plasma direct treatment, an indirect treatment using only reactive species, and an indirect treatment using effects other than those by reactive species. Ozone was identified as a major factor during the plasma treatment, and the operating ranges of the ozone concentration for regulated dimerization were evaluated. The mechanism by which EGCG synthesizes dimers A and B during the treatment process using low-temperature plasma was investigated using the derived major factor and prior literature. The ozone generated by the plasma reacted with methanol to form formaldehyde, and dimers A and B were synthesized by oligomers through a methylene-bridge by the formaldehyde. A plausible pathway of regulated dimerization was deduced based on these results, and the mechanism of EGCG dimerization by plasma is described using this pathway.
Update Breast Cancer 2022 Part 4 – Advanced-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Aktas Bahriye , Fehm Tanja N. , Welslau Manfred , Müller Volkmar , Lüftner Diana , Schütz Florian , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Thomssen Christoph , Witzel Isabell , Belleville Erik , Untch Michael , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Wöckel Achim , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Stickeler Elmar , Harbeck Nadia , Schneeweiss Andreas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor the treatment of patients with advanced HER2-negative hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, several substances have been introduced into practice in recent years. In addition, other
drugs are under development. A number of studies have been published over the past year which have shown either an advantage for progression-free survival or for overall survival. This
review summarizes the latest results, which have been published at current congresses or in specialist journals, and classifies them in the clinical treatment context. In particular, the
importance of therapy with CDK4/6 inhibitors – trastuzumab deruxtecan, sacituzumab govitecan and capivasertib – is discussed. For trastuzumab deruxtecan, an overall survival benefit in
HER2-negative breast cancer with low HER2 expression (HER2-low expression) was reported in the Destiny-Breast-04 study. Similarly, there was an overall survival benefit in the FAKTION study
with capivasertib. The lack of overall survival benefit for palbociclib in the first line of therapy raises the question of clinical classification.
Endoscopic Self-Expanding Metallic Stent Placement in the Management of Post Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Complications
Authors: Goudarzi Hamidreza , Obney Jacob R. , Hemmatizadeh Mahsa , Anbara Taha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction Endoscopic treatments have become popular by providing the best solution for healing complications while allowing oral nutrition. In this study, we aim to evaluate outcomes of the endoscopic-covered stents for staple line complications following bariatric surgery.
Methods A prospective evaluation was performed for all patients treated for staple line complications after bariatric surgery. Bariatric patients with acute leaks, chronic gastrocutaneous fistulas, and anastomotic strictures refractory to endoscopic dilation after sleeve gastrectomy were included in this survey.
Results From January 2019 to June 2020, 41 patients (12 with acute leaks, 16 with chronic fistulas, and 13 with strictures) were treated with endoscopic silicone-covered stents (polyester or nitinol). The mean follow-up was 3.5 months. Immediate symptomatic improvement occurred in 95.2% (91.7% of acute leaks, 81.2% of fistulas, and 92.3% of strictures). In addition, 87.8% of patients initiated oral feeding immediately after stenting. There was no mortality case in this population.
Conclusion Although stent migration rarely occurs in subjects, the endoscopic silicone-covered stents strategy is one of the best treatments for anastomotic complications after bariatric surgery, providing rapid healing while simultaneously allowing for oral nutrition.
Future of Metabolic Endoscopy
Authors: Ghazi Rabih , Vargas Eric J. , Abboud Donna , Abdul Razak Farah , Mahmoud Tala , Storm Andrew C. , Chandrasekhara Vinay , Abu Dayyeh Barham K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObesity has been escalating as one of the worst public health epidemics. Conservative therapies including lifestyle modifications and weight loss medications have limited efficacy and long-term sustainability. Bariatric surgeries, although effective, remain underutilized due to their cost, safety concerns, and patient acceptance. In the past two decades, endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies (EBMTs) have emerged as safe, effective, and less invasive options for the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities, with recent studies reporting favorable outcomes in terms of weight loss and metabolic parameters. This article reviews the major and newly developed EBMTs, with emphasis on their metabolic effects and potential use in the management of metabolic conditions.
Gastrointestinal Emergencies and the Role of Endoscopy
Authors: Dixit Vinod Kumar , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Venkatesh Vybhav , Bhargav Varanasi Yugandhar , Kumar Vinod , Pateriya Mayank Bhushan , Venkataraman Jayanthi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany gastrointestinal (GI) disorders present to the emergency room with acute clinical presentations, some even life threatening. Common emergencies encountered that require urgent endoscopic interventions include GI hemorrhage (variceal and nonvariceal), foreign body ingestion, obstructive jaundice, postprocedure-related complications such as postpolypectomy bleed or perforation, etc. A major advantage of emergency endoscopy is that it is cost effective and, on many occasions, can be life-saving. The present review will highlight a practical approach on various endoscopic modalities and their use in the GI emergencies.
Associations of digestibility with phenotypic and genetic variation in methane production in Angus cattle
Authors: Smith H. C. , Herd R. M. , Donoghue K. A. , Bird-Gardiner T. , Arthur P. F. , Hegarty R. S. 
Published: September 2022

Context Cattle and sheep emit methane, a potent greenhouse gas, as part of the fermentation process of feed digestion in their gut; however, the mechanisms explaining differences among animals in enteric methane production are not fully understood. Aim To investigate whether variation among animals in their ability to digest their test ration was associated with phenotypic and genetic variation in methane production. Methods The experiment used 135 Angus beef cattle measured for their phenotypic and genetic merit for methane production. The extent of digestion of the dry matter (DMD) in the test ration by individual cattle was determined using silica as a naturally present indigestible marker. Its concentration in feed consumed and faeces was determined using rapid portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, from which DMD was calculated. Key results Higher daily methane-production rate (MPR), higher methane produced per unit of feed consumed (methane yield; MY) and higher methane produced than the predicted daily production (residual MPR; RMP) by animals was accompanied by higher DMD. Higher genetic merit for MPR was also accompanied by higher DMD, but DMD had no detectable association with genetic variation in the other two methane emission traits. The regression coefficients for change in MPR (g/day), MY (g/kg DMI), RMP (g/day) with change in DMD (%) were 2.6 ± 1.1 (s.e.; P < 0.05), 0.14 ± 0.07 (P < 0.1) and 0.68 ± 0.38 (P < 0.1) respectively. Conclusions Differences among animals in their DMD were found and were associated with phenotypic variation in the three methane emission traits studied, and with genetic variation in daily methane production. The results support the caution that feeding and breeding interventions seeking to reduce methane emissions can also reduce the extent of digestion of feed by cattle. Implications Feeding and breeding interventions that seek to reduce methane emissions may change rumen physiology and reduce the extent of digestion of feed by cattle, which may be undesirable.
Genotypic variability and physio-morphological efficiency of buckwheat (
Authors: Hajong Subarna , Rangappa Krishnappa , Dasaiah Harish Ganjalagatta , Moirangthem Prabha , Saikia Uday Sankar , Bhattacharjee Bijoya , Ahlawat Sudhir Pal , Kandpal Basant Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Context Crop production in Eastern Himalaya is constrained by combined effects of soil acidity and moisture deficit during post monsoon under a changing climate. Aim This study aimed to identify potential buckwheat genotypes and stress mechanisms in hill environments of Meghalaya (India). Method Field and microcosm experiments were conducted to study field performance, genotypic variability and physio-morphological efficiency in buckwheat. Key results Substantial genetic variability for shoot length (30.3–110 cm), crop canopy distribution (3.0–7.5 number of primary branches), leaf area retention (15.7–60.2 cm2/two leaves), 1000 seed weight (16.2–34.7 g) and seed yield (0.088–1.31 metric tonne (MT)/ha) was observed. Mean grain yield of buckwheat genotypes was 0.446 MT/ha whereas IC13411, IC24298 and IC37305 produced significantly higher seed yield (1.31, 1.28 and 1.14 MT/ha, respectively) accounting to 1.93, 1.87 and 1.67 times higher than average yield (0.680 MT/ha). Genotypes like IC42416, EC323730 and EC218784 have lower crop yields (0.8, 1.02, 0.93 MT/ha respectively). Interestingly, few high yielders (IC13411 and IC24298) exhibited higher photosynthetic rate (46.1 and 32.3 μmol/m2.s), increased stomatal conductance (311.0 and 326.2 mmol/m2.s), leaf chlorophyll (2.47 and 2.55 mg/g fresh weight (FW)) and carotenoids (95 and 106.3 μg/g FW). Chlorophyll a and b ratio (3.3 and 3.0) and total chlorophyll to carotenoids (4.2 and 4.0) were higher in high yielders (IC13411 and IC24298) compared to other low yielders. Conclusions Robust root systems, stomatal structure and higher cuticle wax ideally enhanced water use efficiency (WUE) and drought tolerance in high-yielding buckwheat genotypes. Implications IC13411 and IC24298 are promising for enhanced productivity in the mountainous ecosystem of Meghalaya.
Smart Glass with Multi-Functionalities for Assisting Visually Impaired People
Authors: Sudharshan G , Sowdeshwar S , Jagannath M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Smart glass is a device that is obliging for visually impaired people. It becomes difficult for impaired people to recognize objects in front of them, study, etc. The objective of the work is to design and develop a device that is obliging for visually impaired people. Though, there are many approaches to help them, the major disadvantage of some of the products that are currently present in the market is that they are very costly and bulky. Also, some of the proposed systems either perform only object recognition or only help in reading the text. Almost all proposed systems did not help the visually impaired people to write or to have a hardcopy in the form of braille code which then helps them to read offline. To overcome the disadvantages mentioned above the paper discusses various techniques- Seeing mode, which can recognize 550 classes of objects along with object’s position (Left, Right or Centre). Moreover, in the reading mode, it recognizes the text in front of the person which is then read out loud to the user along with creating a copy of the braille script. Further, in the writing mode, speech is converted to a file containing braille codes.
Gender Differences in Postural Stability in a Cohort of Adolescent Age
Authors: Varsha S , Anbalagan Deepa , Adalarasu K , Jagannath M , Celestin Jerald A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Daily tasks necessitate improved locomotive abilities and movements, which are determined by an individual’s balance control. Body postures allows us to stay in a stable and balanced stance without falling. The present study examines postural stability in males and females using centre of pressure metrics in two planes for the adolescent group. Force data was collected in three directions (Fx, Fy, and Fz) using a standard force platform (SENSIX force plates) under two support and two visual conditions, including eyes-open, stand-up on two limbs (OB), eyes-closed, stand-up on two limbs (CB), eyes-open, stand-up on single limb (OO), eyes-closed, stand-up on single limb (CO). The CoP was determined in both the antero-posterior and medio-lateral planes. Two features were derived from the CoP data: sway and average velocity in both planes. The findings demonstrate that for all experimental conditions in both directions, CoP characteristics (sway and velocity) of male gender were significantly (p<0.05) higher than female gender. This work concludes that males have higher postural stability than females of similar age, indicating that hormonal variables such as thyroid, estrogens, and others reduce postural stability.
Efficient Cardiac Arrhythmia Detection Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Anandha Praba R , Suganthi L , Selva Priya E S , Jeslin Libisha J 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The most common type of chronic and life-threatening disease is cardiovascular disease (CVD). For the early prediction of arrhythmia, electrocardiogram (ECG) is recorded from the patients, non-invasively using surface electrode. In this approach, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is performed for noise removal followed by Pan Tompkins algorithm for feature extraction. To reduce the amount of signal characteristics and computation time, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is utilized. Finally, two classifiers, The Support Vector Machine (SVM) and the Naive Bayes (NB) classifier is used to determine the cardiac abnormality from the ECG signal. The comparison is made between the two classifiers and their accuracy will be analysed. We obtained 89% accuracy for SVM and 99% for NB classifier. Lakhs of samples will be available in the Physionet. The amplitude of the signal is 0.1 Mv and time period (T) is 10ms and the frequency of 100Hz. The Confusion Matrix can then be used to assess how well an ECG signal is performing. A MATLAB program is used which has the capacity to observe the ECG bio-signal on a computer.
Method for registration of vaccines for covid 19, through nfc technology
Authors: Auccahuasi Wilver , Herrera Lucas , Rojas Karin , Martinez Hernando Campos , Ponce Erick Loja , Sotomayor Daniel Yucra , Herrera Salazar José Luis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In these times of pandemic caused by Covid-19, new ways of dealing with the effects of the virus emerge, for this reason multiple measures are being carried out with the intention of mitigating its effects in the event of a possible contagion, which is why vaccinations are being carried out massive in order to be able to defend oneself against potential contagions, in this work an application made using the NFC communication protocol that mobile devices have is shown, as a result the demonstration of the use of the application is presented, where it reflects the data to be entered and can be viewed from any device.
Experimental Analysis of Biometric System using Various Multimodal Fusion Algorithms
Authors: Poornima S , Subramanian S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Demand for high end privacy and security in human computer interaction, telecom environment is very high in the era of digital world. Multibiometric system combines information from multiple biometric traits of an individual and has an exceptional ability to address these demands with add-on customer satisfaction. It also overcomes intra class variations, non-universality, noisy data and attacks during authentication process. This paper proposes a multibiometric system suitable for secure access of data, devices and services. A database has been constructed using real time multiple biometric samples acquired from 500 individuals in an unconstrained environment. Existence of noise in the samples captured in an unconstrained environment are removed using filtering techniques, and the contrast is adjusted using dark channel priorities and scattering model. Then, the region of interest and features appropriate to each trait are extracted and fused in various forms like multiple samples, instances and traits in recognizing an individual. The proposed system is analysed by computing genuine and false acceptance rates. With the promising experimental results of various fusion schemes, the authentication is tested using transfer learning process with automatic extraction of essential features using Convolution Neural Network and classifying the target using Support Vector Machine (SVM), which outperforms in identifying an individual through fusion of biometric features acquired even in an unconstrained environment. Hence this authentication process could be modified into an effective one to identify and monitor the user interacting with a security related application in online mode with their unique available unconstrained features.
Detection and optimization of skin cancer using deep learning
Authors: Balambigai S , Elavarasi K , Abarna M , Abinaya R , Arun Vignesh N 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a branch of deep learning which has been one of a popular methods in different applications, especially in medical field. In this study, an optimized CNN model is built using the random search optimization to classify seven types of skin cancer, namely, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, dermatofibroma, vascular lesion, melanocytic nevus, actinic keratosis and benign keratosis. Total of 10,015 images were collected from the Human Against Machine dataset (HAM10000) which is available in Kaggle, Even though CNN has shown best results in many applications, the hyper-parameters that are required to build CNN model is difficult to choose. If the chosen hyper-parameters doesn’t show good results, the model should be trained again with other set of hyper-parameter values. To avoid this circumstance, the hyper-parameter optimization is required and in this study, it is done using random search optimization. A base CNN model is initially created without using any optimization technique, so that the performance of the CNN model which is optimized by the random search method can be compared and analysed. The first model provided an accuracy of 73.34%, whereas the optimized model shown an improvement in accuracy of 77.17%.