bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsibility and Causation
Authors: Sartorio Carolina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses the various connections that exist between moral responsibility and causation. It focuses on the role played by causation in different forms of responsibility, including basic responsibility and derivative (or inherited) responsibility, responsibility for actions and for omissions, and responsibility as blameworthiness and as praiseworthiness. It also examines the phenomenon of causal overdetermination and the role played in those cases by the individual and/or collective contributions of morally responsible agents. Finally, it discusses the role played by causation in certain views of responsibility that are inspired by Harry Frankfurt’s attack on the classical model of free will and responsibility based on alternative possibilities (and, in particular, in the corresponding “Frankfurt-style” scenarios). These are views according to which the free will of agents is exclusively a function of the actual causes of their behavior, or of the factors that actually explain how they acted.
Durkheim’s Ambivalence toward Art
Authors: Tiryakian Edward A. , Tiryakian Josefina Cintron 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines Durkheim’s perspectives on art at the intersection of his sociological commitment to develop sociology as a science and his political and personal imperative to promote social solidarity. It traces Durkheim’s views on art from his early career at Bordeaux to his “cultural turn” in Paris, manifested in The Elementary Forms, exploring the cultural life of Australian “primitives.” Before this turn, Durkheim had discussed art’s contributions to society: as a facilitator for teaching morality and as leisure and recreation. But it is while reading about tribal sacred rituals that he discovered art and religion’s powerful role in enhancing solidarity and group identity. What has been termed ambivalence toward art morphs into a more comprehensive and appreciative perspective, which Durkheim described as fundamentally linked to religion: art in the service of religion and society. Additionally, the chapter explores transgressive approaches to Durkheim’s views on art, as well as contemporary authors who have probed Durkheim’s perspectives on art.
Notes on the Real and the Fake in South African Popular Music
Authors: Steingo Gavin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In South Africa, as well as in many other places around the world, popular music has a strong and obvious relationship with brands. Of what does this relationship consist? This chapter argues that an adequate answer to this question is only possible with a rigorous theorization of the logic of brands qua economic objects. It develops this theorization through contemporary Marxist thought and goes on to suggest that the logic of brands forms an antagonistic relationship with the logic of Black popular music. The chapter is grounded in fieldwork with electronic musicians in Soweto. It observes that these musicians deploy a form of mimesis that functions not in terms of copy and original, but rather in terms of process and becoming. Finally, it suggests that a geopolitical reorientation away from Euro-America toward China may in fact bolster the creative processes of Black South African musicians.
Berkeley and Mathematics
Authors: Jesseph Douglas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter investigates Berkeley’s approach to mathematics. The first section connects Berkeley’s philosophical understanding of mathematics to his anti-abstractionist epistemology. Where a long tradition had taken mathematics to be concerned with abstract ideas, Berkeley sought to show that mathematics did not depend upon the supposition of abstract ideas. The second section deals with Berkeley’s account of geometry and outlines a significant change in his approach to the subject. In his early writings, Berkeley was prepared to abandon traditional geometry in favor of a radical doctrine of sensible minima, but in the Principles of Human Knowledge and later works, he accommodates essentially all of Euclidean geometry within the constraints of his epistemology. The third section examines Berkeley’s highly nominalistic approach to arithmetic and algebra, arguing that his doctrine is in many respects a predecessor of the formalist philosophy of mathematics. The fourth section studies Berkeley’s approach to the calculus, particularly his critique of the Newtonian calculus of fluxions in his 1734 work The Analyst.
Berkeley on Chemistry
Authors: Peterschmitt Luc 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter argues that we must read what Berkeley writes about chemistry in the context of his struggle against free-thinking. Some free-thinkers attempted to ground their materialist conception of the human soul and their atheism on chemistry. Against them, Berkeley tries to show first that chemistry is nothing else than the science of the principles of bodies, that is, of their inner parts (or constituents) and natural laws. Thus, it is impossible to deduce from chemistry anything concerning the nature of the soul. Second, Berkeley grounds a natural theology on chemistry. Thus, he considers that chemistry rightly understood necessarily leads to God.
Berkeley and Malebranche
Authors: Lee Sukjae 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Among the philosophers influential to Berkeley, Malebranche is prominent. Berkeley’s many references to Malebranche in both his published and unpublished work well attest to this influence. Even in his own lifetime, Berkeley’s views about the perception of physical objects were compared to Malebranche’s “Vision in God” doctrine, and Berkeley does his best to distance himself from Malebranche on this account. However, in endorsing occasionalism, albeit a limited version, restricted to the natural changes in the physical world, Berkeley’s views converge with Malebranche’s. This chapter examines and compares the views of these two philosophers with a focus on these two topics—i.e., the “Vision in God” doctrine and occasionalism—and argues that while there are some similarities, there are significant differences as well, stemming from certain core commitments, distinct to each philosopher.
Berkeley and Newton
Authors: Solomon Monica 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents Berkeley’s engagement with Newton’s metaphysics of motion. It argues that by a careful reading of Berkeley’s criticism in An Essay on Motion, we understand that his chief concern was not so much with a deflationary metaphysics of space, time, motion, and forces as it was the clear understanding of the practice of mechanics and of applying the laws of motion. Berkeley’s primary aims are the conceivability of mathematical concepts used in rational mechanics and how these concepts help us make sense of experience by organizing complex series of motions. Though Berkeley is often considered a metaphysician, his reactions to Newton’s writings provide valuable insight into the epistemology of the practice of a natural philosopher.
Berkeley and Hume
Authors: Marušić Jennifer Smalligan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines a tension in Berkeley’s influence on Hume: on the one hand, Hume recommended the Principles as one of the key works for understanding his metaphysical thought, but on the other hand, Hume seems unconcerned with many metaphysical issues that are important to Berkeley. This chapter argues that Hume’s engagement with Berkeley’s views about abstraction helps explain this tension. While Hume expresses agreement with Berkeley’s rejection of abstract ideas, Hume seems not to appreciate the significance that Berkeley thought this rejection carried. In particular, Hume continues to hold that words are meaningful only if they signify ideas. This helps explain his responses to key Berkeleyan theses, including anti-materialism, the esse is percipi principle, the likeness principle, the commitment to an ontology of immaterial substances and ideas that depend on substances, the heterogeneity thesis, and the view that the visible world is a divine language.
Berkeley and Kant
Authors: Jankowiak Tim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter surveys some of the most important issues concerning Kant’s relation to Berkeley. Early critics of the first edition of Critique of Pure Reason (1781) accused Kant of Berkeleyanism, which prompted him to repudiate his predecessor in later writings from the 1780s. However, as many readers have noticed, Kant’s remarks about Berkeley seem curiously off the mark, which raises a host of interpretive questions. The first section of the chapter addresses the question of whether Kant had firsthand knowledge of Berkeley’s writings at all. It presents the case that he probably did. The second section addresses Kant’s published criticisms of Berkeley. While these criticisms do reveal some familiarity with Berkeley’s writings, they fall short insofar as they either fail to distinguish Kant’s own idealism from Berkeley’s, or they misrepresent Berkeley’s position. The final section presents a direct comparison of several important aspects of Berkeley’s and Kant’s metaphysics, including the relation between their respective “idealisms,” their views on the existence and nature of bodies, and their responses to skepticism.
Latinos/as, Healing, and Christianity
Authors: Hendrickson Brett 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the varieties of healing traditions practiced by Latino/a Christians. Because healing has been an intrinsic part of Christianity from its inception, it is little wonder that Latinos/as have likewise relied on the healing power of the Christian God and God’s representatives to treat their suffering, cure their diseases, and to restore wholeness to broken bodies and relationships. This chapter traces the particularities of how the Latino/a experience has shaped how this healing takes form. Spanish colonization and evangelization of indigenous populations, and the accompanying brutality and dislocation, necessitated a faith that included healing. A medicinal and religious tradition developed that drew as much on Iberian Catholicism as it did on indigenous medicines and understandings of the human body. Curanderismo and other combinatory healing practices have creatively and effectively addressed the health needs of many Latin Americans and Latinos/as. In the last century, charismatic forms of Christianity have grown rapidly in Latino/a communities, often because they specialize in miraculous healing. Religious healing has been and promises to remain an essential element of Latino/a Christianities. There are many opportunities for future study in this area. As the Latino/a population continues to grow and diversity, it will be important to understand better how religious healing traditions from different national origins come to interact and even combine in the United States.
Latino Men, Machismo, and Christianity
Authors: León Luís 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter argues that the construction of machismo is central to Latina/o/x collective and public identities. Latino men, despite their countries of origin, religion, or race, are subjected to personal and media valuations of their masculinities using the characteristic negative stereotypes of machismo. These assessments not only hurt Latino men but at once impugn Latina women as enablers of what have been called the “machista vices.” This chapter proposes that machismo is not a discourse that exists in isolation or secularization, but instead it is a central component to a distinctly Christian, colonial mythology that justified colonialism and continues to support the criminalization and incarceration of Latino men in particular, and regenerates the public mythologies that pathologize indigenous and Latinx communities more generally.
Latinx Indigeneities and Christianity
Authors: Avalos Natalie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter posits that despite five hundred years of colonialism, indigenous Latinx America continues and even thrives. These rhythms continue in unique ways. They may constitute the metaphysical foundation from which this population draws in order to make sense of the world; they may constitute features of religious practice, conceptualizations of the soul, and sacred relationships to the land and to community. While one cannot generalize here and say this is the experience of all Latinos in the United States, these dynamics make a compelling case for the existence of Latinx indigeneities in diaspora. Moreover, for Latinx communities in the United States who continue to experience the everyday violence of marginalization and racial stigma, this kind of inner agility may mean the difference between thriving and despair. Christianity mediates these religious expressions; but they are not quite “Christian.” They are something more, something unique—something entirely of their own. They evince strategic survivals of Native metaphysical worlds that continue with and for the people.
Puerto Rican Christianities in the United States
Authors: Ortíz Díaz Alberto 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter makes the argument that the history of Puerto Rican Christianities must be understood in relation to Puerto Rico, as the archipelago is part of the United States proper. Circulatory movement between Puerto Rico and the US mainland and internal migration within the United States have and will continue to characterize Puerto Rican Christianities. This makes them a collective, evolving object of study. This chapter examines Puerto Ricans who have contributed to building Hispanic/Latino churches in the United States since at least the middle decades of the twentieth century and are still doing so in the early twenty-first century. This chapter emphasizes that while Puerto Ricans are mainly Catholic, their interpretations of dogma and ritual practices transcend mainstream and vernacular forms of Catholicism. In recent years, the number of evangelical churches, especially Pentecostal, has ballooned on both sides of the air bridge that links Puerto Rico and the US mainland. The field of Puerto Rican religion patiently awaits the scholars who will take it seriously, move it forward within Puerto Rican studies, and venture into comparative terrain.
Christianities and the Construction of Latinx Ethnoracial Identities
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter offers a framework of ethnoracial identity formation that emphasizes the historical factors linking Latin American religions and Latinx ethnoracial identity. The chapter explores how Catholicism in particular, and other forms of Christianity in general, historically function in an inculturated manner within Latinx communities. The chapter presents Latinx ethnoracial identities as involving ongoing negotiations that are both macro-level and micro-level social processes; identities are deeply personal in one sense, and highly imposed by external forces in another. The chapter also explores the particular social dynamics of Latinx identity negotiation. These dynamics do not pertain to individual Christian traditions, but rather manifest variably across Christian traditions. The analyses offered in this chapter suggest directions for further inquiry for researchers of Christianity and Latinx identity formation.
Latino/a Protestantisms
Authors: Ramos Aida Isela , Martí Gerardo , Mulder Mark T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The number of Latino Protestants in America is growing, and scholars are taking notice. More and more Latinos have some type of Protestant affiliation, more Latino Protestant churches are being founded across widely diverse geographies, and Latino Protestant parachurch organizations are gaining more social and political power through their representation and outreach. This chapter synthesizes the latest research on Latino Protestants in the United States in relation to history, sociodemographics, conversion, and race/ethnic identity formation from a sociological perspective. This chapter urges scholars to engage more productively the diversity of worship, liturgy, theology, identities, resources, and religious orientations, taking into account varied origins and migrations across Latino ancestral groups. This chapter argues against ethnoracial essentialization, that is, neglecting the nuances of Latino Protestant identity in favor of idealized notions often in the form of racial/ethnic stereotypes—even among scholars. This chapter shows that systematic, empirical research does not support often-cited assessments of Latino Protestants and their churches as “fiestas” with “spicy” worship. This chapter urges scholars to avoid such front-loaded, racialized assumptions and exercise their social scientific expertise. Broader reading and more closely contextualized observation will ensure a more textured understanding of these newer and rapidly expanding Latino Protestants and their churches.
During Japanese Colonization (1910–1945)
Authors: Cha Jungsik 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Biblical interpretation in Korea during the Japanese colonial period was conducted primarily by pastors and seminary teachers who had been influenced by Western missionaries. In particular, American missionaries equipped with theological fundamentalism and dispensationalism influenced the earliest biblical interpreters, who were equally enthusiastic evangelicals. Historical critical methods, however, were gradually introduced to liberal Korean biblical interpreters. This led to a serious collision with the conservative denominational authorities in the Korean Church in the 1930s. Consequently, the Abingdon Commentary Incident became a later turning point of theological division. Nevertheless, outsiders helped generate a new dimension of biblical interpretation in Korea. In particular, the diverse perspectives of Kim Gyo-Shin, Yu Young-Mo, Ham Seok-Heon, Lee Yong-Do, and Lee Se-Jong are noteworthy for their search for Korean subjectivity in interpreting the Bible. Some of them sought to illuminate the biblical messages in light of Korean indigenous cultural soil. Still others were focused on practicing a radical message in the historical reality of Japanese persecution.
Korean American Feminist Interpretation
Authors: Choi Jin Young 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn important case study of Korean American women’s reading of the Bible situates their experience in Asian American cultural formation in general, and Korean American immigration history in particular. This Korean American feminist interpretation addresses two related themes: women in relation to nation and colonialism and the racialization and ethnicization of Korean women in the United States. In turn, these themes are a prism for reading the women in the Gospel of Mark, whose journey overlaps with that of Korean immigrant women crossing boundaries between the past and the present, between the margin and the center, in search of home, and realizing a resurrected life for all.
Double Marginality in the Context of the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Kim Honam 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter applies postcolonial and locality methodologies to a biblical interpretation of the Jacob narrative. First, building on the work of David J. A. Clines and Fernando F. Segovia, “locality” here is that of immigrants to the southern hemisphere. Their perspectives contrast with those of northern Euro-Americans who have dominated the field of biblical interpretation. Second, a localized Australian perspective decolonizes the conventional reading of the Jacob narrative. In so doing, it contends that the narrative of Jacob was written under the influence of the imperialistic viewpoint, picturing vividly the life of immigrants who cannot fully assert and claim their personal rights. More important, it argues for a God who hates the misuse of worldly power, not just by the corrupt kings of the empire but also by his chosen people.
Translation of the Bible in Hangul
Authors: Kee Min Suc 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Korean Bible translations have been motivated and nurtured by Western Christian missionary initiatives. The first Korean translation of the Bible was finished in 1882 by a Scottish missionary, John Ross, which later gave way to the completion of the Korean New Testament Ross Version in 1887. In spite of Japanese colonization (1910–1945) and the Korean War (1950–1953), missionaries and the Korean Church came together to achieve the monumental publication of the Korean Revised Version in 1961, whose descendant is still the preferred Bible in Korea. In the history of translation, the development of Korean grammar coincided with revisions of existing Korean Bibles. Meanwhile, the traditional and conservative religiosity of Korean Christians became influential in translations. This is best exemplified in the debate over the spelling of the word “God”—Hananim or Haneunim. Conservative religiosity also explains why the (New) Korean Revised Version, which is actually not that new in the current linguistic context in Korea, is today the most highly revered translation among Korean Christians.
Shekspirshchina
Authors: Bullock Philip Ross 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although Shakespeare’s literary reception in nineteenth-century Russia has been well mapped, less attention has been given to his musical afterlife. This chapter examines Shakespeare’s place in nineteenth-century Russian music from three complementary perspectives. First, it will consider how Shakespeare’s characters and plots were taken up in the mid-century tone poem, with a particular focus on Balakirev’s overture to King Lear. Second, it will examine the use of music in stage productions of Shakespeare’s plays, taking by way of example not just Balakirev’s incidental music for King Lear, but also Tchaikovsky’s music for Hamlet (rather than his better-known tone poems, Romeo and Juliet and The Tempest). Finally, a third model of reception is explored in the form of a discussion of Musorgsky’s treatment of Pushkin’s Boris Godunov. Rather than setting Shakespeare directly, Musorgsky engages in a triangulation of literary influence, drawing on Pushkin’s historical drama (widely regarded as an attempt to import Shakespearean principles as a way of distancing himself from the precepts of French neo-classicism) as a way of distancing himself from Italian models of operatic action (including many on Shakespearean themes).
Shakespeare in Czechoslovakia
Authors: Škrobánková Klára 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on three operas created in Czechoslovakia, their political significance, and the problems their creators faced when adapting drama for the operatic stage. It first considers the relationship between Shakespeare’s Comedy of Errors and its operatic adaptation Upheaval in Ephesus by the Czech composer Iša Krejčí. Even though written during the Second World War with the wish to uplift the Czech people, the piece was later often used by the Communist regime as an example of Czech buffa, sharing happiness as well as propaganda with the audience. The second analysed opera is the 1969 work by Karel Horký entitled Poison from Elsinore, a prequel to Hamlet. In the opera, the main character of Polonius investigates the murder of King Hamlet, yet finds himself trapped in the totalitarian world, pondering on the responsibility of the individual and the greater good. The author of both music and libretto of the third examined opera, Ján Cikker, started composing his Coriolanus under the influence of the Soviet invasion of August 1968. Premiered in 1974, the opera features many parallels between Shakespeare’s Rome and the occupied Czechoslovakia, which Cikker emphasizes by the changes he makes in the process of the adaptation. All three considered operas therefore offer valuable insight into the state of Czechoslovak opera and the reception of Shakespeare’s work in the second half of the twentieth century.