bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile copper ferrite/carbon quantum dot magnetic nanocomposite as an effective nanocatalyst for reduction of para-nitroaniline and ortho-nitroaniline
Authors: Naghash-Hamed Samin , Arsalani Nasser , Mousavi Seyed Borhan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Para-nitroaniline (PNA) and ortho-nitroaniline (ONA) are highly toxic contaminants in aqueous solution and must be treated. In the current investigation, novel magnetic nanocomposites containing copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) and gelatin-derived carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were successfully synthesized. The prepared nanocatalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet–visible techniques. The mesoporous structure of the CuFe2O4/CQD nanocomposite was shown using the BET/Barrett–Joyner–Halenda technique. The catalytic performance of the nanocatalyst during the reduction of PNA and ONA was assessed in an aqueous medium at 25 °C. The complete reduction of PNA and ONA using the CuFe2O2/CQDs nanocomposite occurred in 13 s and 35 s, respectively. The pseudo-second-order rate constant (K
app) was obtained as 2.89 × 10−1 s−1 and 9.3 × 10−2 s−1 for reducing PNA and ONA, respectively. Moreover, the magnetic nanocatalyst was easily separated from the reaction solution and recycled for up to six consecutive cycles without significant loss of catalytic activity.
Outdoor luminescence imaging of field-deployed PV modules
Authors: Kunz Oliver , Schlipf Jan , Fladung Andreas , Khoo Yong Sheng , Bedrich Karl , Trupke Thorsten , Hameiri Ziv 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Solar photovoltaic (PV) installations have increased exponentially over the last decade and are now at a stage where they provide humanity with the greatest opportunity to mitigate accelerating climate change. For the continued growth and success of PV energy the reliable inspection of solar power plants is an important requirement. This ensures the installations are of high quality, safe to operate, and produce the maximum possible power for the longest possible plant life. Outdoor luminescence imaging of field-deployed PV modules provides module image data with unparalleled fidelity and is therefore the gold standard for assessing the quality, defect types, and degradation state of field-deployed PV modules. Several luminescence imaging methods have been developed and some of them are already routinely used to inspect solar power plants. The preferred luminescence inspection method to be used depends on the required image resolution, the defect types that need to be identified, cost, inspection throughput, technological readiness, and other factors. Due to the rich and detailed information provided by luminescence imaging measurements and modern image analysis methods, luminescence imaging is becoming an increasingly important tool for PV module quality assurance in PV power plants. Outdoor luminescence imaging can make valuable contributions to the commissioning, operation, and assessment of solar power plants prior to a change of ownership or after severe weather events. Another increasingly important use of these technologies is the cost-effective end-of-life assessment of solar modules to enable a sustainable circular economy.
Quantifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission Dynamics Across Global Settings: A Systematic Analysis
Authors: Smith Jonathan P , Cohen Ted , Dowdy David , Shrestha Sourya , Gandhi Neel R , Hill Andrew N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The degree to which individual heterogeneity in the production of secondary cases (“superspreading”) affects tuberculosis (TB) transmission has not been systematically studied. We searched for population-based or surveillance studies in which whole genome sequencing was used to estimate TB transmission and in which the size distributions of putative TB transmission clusters were enumerated. We fitted cluster-size–distribution data to a negative binomial branching process model to jointly infer the transmission parameters $R$ (the reproduction number) and the dispersion parameter, $k$, which quantifies the propensity of superspreading in a population (generally, lower values of $k$ ($&lt;1.0$) suggest increased heterogeneity). Of 4,796 citations identified in our initial search, 9 studies from 8 global settings met the inclusion criteria (n = 5 studies of all TB; n = 4 studies of drug-resistant TB). Estimated $R$ values (range, 0.10–0.73) were below 1.0, consistent with declining epidemics in the included settings; estimated $k$ values were well below 1.0 (range, 0.02–0.48), indicating the presence of substantial individual-level heterogeneity in transmission across all settings. We estimated that a minority of cases (range, 2%–31%) drive the majority (80%) of ongoing TB transmission at the population level. Identifying sources of heterogeneity and accounting for them in TB control may have a considerable impact on mitigating TB transmission.
Serum Galectin-3 and Mucin-1 (CA15-3) in Relation to Renal Function in Untreated Chinese Patients
Authors: Huang Qi-Fang , Cheng Yi-Bang , Guo Qian-Hui , Wang Ying , Chen Yi-Lin , Zhang Dong-Yan , An De-Wei , Li Yan , Wang Ji-Guang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundGalectin-3 is a multi-functional lectin protein and a ligand of mucin-1 (CA15-3), and has been linked to renal fibrosis in animal models and renal function in humans. However, no population study has ever explored the associations with both ligand and receptor. We therefore investigate the independent association of renal function with serum galectin-3 and mucin-1 (CA15-3) in untreated Chinese patients.METHODSThe study participants were outpatients who were suspected of hypertension, but had not been treated with antihypertensive medication. Serum galectin-3 and mucin-1 (CA15-3) concentrations were both measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from serum creatinine by the use of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation.ResultsThe 1,789 participants included 848 (47.4%) men. Mean (±SD) age was 51.3 ± 10.7 years. Multiple regression analyses showed that eGFR was significantly associated with serum galectin-3 and mucin-1 (CA15-3) concentration (0.68 and 1.32 ml/min/1.73 m2 decrease per 1-SD increase in log transformed serum galectin-3 and mucin-1 (CA15-3) concentration, respectively; P ≤ 0.006). The association of eGFR with serum mucin-1 (CA15-3) concentration was significantly stronger in the overweight (BMI 24.0–27.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2) than in normal weight subjects (BMI &lt; 24.0 kg/m2, P for interaction 0.018). Path analysis showed that serum galectin-3 concentration had both a direct (P = 0.016) and a mucin-1 mediated indirect effect (P = 0.014) on eGFR.ConclusionsBoth circulating galectin-3 and mucin-1 (CA15-3) were significantly associated with renal function. The role of galectin-3 on renal function might be partially via mucin-1.
Competition induces negative conspecific allelopathic effects on seedling recruitment
Authors: Yuan Ling , Li Junmin , van Kleunen Mark 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsSome plant species suppress competitors through release of chemical compounds into the environment. As the production of allelochemicals may be costly, it would be beneficial if their production would only be induced when plants experience competition. We tested whether two plant species that frequently co-occur show evidence for induced allelopathy in response to intra- and interspecific competition.MethodsWe used the annual forb Crepidiastrum sonchifolium and the perennial forb Achyranthes bidentata, which are native to China and predominantly occur in ruderal communities, as focal species. We first grew the species without competition, with intraspecific competition and in competition with each other. We chemically analysed aqueous extracts made from these plants to test for evidence that the competition treatments affected the metabolomic profiles of the species. We then tested the effects of the aqueous extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of both plant species.Key ResultsMetabolomic analysis revealed that competition treatments modified the chemical profiles of the two study species. The root lengths of A. bidentata and C. sonchifolium seedlings were reduced by the aqueous plant extracts. For seedling root length of A. bidentata, heterospecific allelopathy was more negative than conspecific allelopathy, but for germination of C. sonchifolium seeds, the reverse was true. Moreover, conspecific allelopathic effects on germination of A. bidentata seeds and on seedling root length of both species were most negative when the aqueous extracts were made from plants that had experienced competition. In the case of seedling root length of A. bidentata, this effect was most negative when the plants had experienced interspecific instead of intraspecific competition.ConclusionsWe showed that plants change their metabolomic profiles in response to competition, and that this correlated with allelopathic inhibition of conspecific seed germination and seedling growth. We suggest that autoallelopathy for seed germination could function as a mechanism to avoid strong competition by keeping the seeds in a dormant state.
Viability and Stability of Various-Sized Free Diced Cartilage in an Experimental Study
Authors: Dong Wenfang , Wang Xin , Zhao Zhenmin , Fan Fei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Historically, research of diced cartilage for rhinoplasty has mainly explored the efficacy of wrapped materials, with few studies dedicated to various sizes of diced cartilage.

Objectives
The authors of this study sought to evaluate the viability and stability of various-sized free diced cartilage.

Methods
The remaining costal cartilage was harvested during rhinoplasties and implanted into subcutaneous pockets on the backs of nude mice: shaved cartilage (group A, n = 8), diced cartilage with a diameter &lt;0.5 mm (group B, n = 8), 0.5 to 1.0 mm (group C, n = 8), and 1.0 to 1.5 mm (group D, n = 8). After 12 weeks, weight and volume retention rates, histopathological examinations, and biomechanical properties were evaluated.

Results
Cartilage grafts in groups A and B showed an obvious loss of contour and severe dispersion. The weight and volume of cartilage graft in group A were significantly decreased (all P &lt; 0.05). Although there was no significant difference, group D (122.8 ± 15.4%) achieved the highest weight retention rate compared with groups B and C (114.6 ± 7.1% and 114.3 ± 10.1%, respectively). Group A showed the most apparent chondrocyte nucleus loss with the least peripheral proliferation, and group D showed the best regeneration potential (all P &lt; 0.05). Group C achieved less chondrocyte nucleus loss than group B (P &lt; 0.05). The compressive elastic modulus increased with the diameter of diced cartilage (all P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Diced cartilage with a diameter of 1.0 to 1.5 mm may have the highest viability and stability, followed by those of 0.5 to 1.0 mm and &lt;0.5 mm.
BJS-02 LONG-TERM REOPERATION RATE FOLLOWING PRIMARY VENTRAL HERNIA REPAIR: A REGISTER-BASED STUDY
Authors: Katawazai A , Sandblom G , Wallin G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study was to analyse the risk for reoperation following primary ventral hernia repair.

Methods
The study was based on umbilical hernia and epigastric hernia repairs registered in the population-based Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) 2010–2019. Reoperation was defined as repeat repair after primary repair.

Results
Altogether 30,253 umbilical hernia repairs and 7407 epigastric hernia repairs were identified. There were 624 reoperations registered following primary umbilical repair and 137 following primary epigastric repairs. In multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) for reoperation was 0.284 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.106–0.760) after open onlay mesh repair, 0.476 (CI 0.359–0.629) after open interstitial mesh repair, 0.368 (CI 0.230–0.590) after open sublay mesh repair, 0.446 (CI 0.167–1.194) after open intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair, 0.931 (CI 0.639–1.357) after laparoscopic repair, and 0.939 (CI 0.502–1.757) after other (unknown) techniques, when compared to open suture repair as reference method. Following umbilical hernia repair, the risk for reoperation was also significantly higher for patients aged ≤49 years (HR 1.669, CI 1.391–2.002), for women (HR 1.390, CI 1.178–1.641), and for patients with liver cirrhosis (HR 2.546, CI 1.050–6.174). For patients undergoing epigastric hernia repair, the only significant risk factor for reoperation was age ≤49 years (HR 2.079, CI 1.380–3.134).

Conclusions
All types of open mesh repair were associated with lower reoperation rates than open suture repair and laparoscopic repair. Female sex, young age and liver cirrhosis were risk factors for reoperation due to hernia recurrence, regardless of method.
DD-06 SPIN (SURGICAL PRACTICES IN INCISIONAL HERNIA REPAIR). A NATIONAL TRAINEE-LED COLLABORATIVE MULTICENTRE PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kingston J , Tarazi M , Burns K , Kirwan C , Moinuddin Z , Van Dellen D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim
There is currently no established UK database establishing reliable outcome data for surgical repair of incisional herniae (IH). Their heterogeneity (variability in size, patient comorbidity, and multiple repair techniques) has resulted in no surgical management or outcome reporting consensus.
This study aims to utilise national trainee led research collaboratives to perform a multi-centre, observational, prospective study to assess variation in IH defects (by utilising pre-defined criteria from The European Hernia Society (EHS) classification for IH and a Modified Ventral Hernia Working Group) and their subsequent operative management. This study will yield valuable, standardised data on variation in practice and outcomes (complications and 3 and 12-months follow-up) to provide a platform for expanding IH research.

Materials and Methods
All NHS hospitals in England undertaking elective IH repair will be eligible for inclusion. Dissemination of and recruitment to the study will be driven by regional research collaborative networks.
This study will include all elective adult IH repairs with. Data will be collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tool. There will be three distinct phases comprising;
The study is currently unfunded. Funds are sought to obtain NHS Trust sponsorship and proceed to phase 3 of the study.
OC-004 LIGNOCAINE INFILTRATION FOR LICHTENSTEIN REPAIR UNDER LOCAL ANESTHESIA: TECHNIQUE AND RESULTS
Authors: Sharma N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) is the most commonly performed operation for inguinal hernia, even in developed nations. The European Hernia Society (EHS) guidelines recommend that local anesthesia (LA) should be considered an option in all patients undergoing LIHR. However, most patients still undergo this repair under general anesthesia (GA) or spinal anesthesia (SA). Even in a low resource area like North Ghana, only 37% patients had LIHR under LA. Specialty hernia clinics perform a majority of inguinal hernia repairs under LA. They have standardized their technique of administration of LA and the technique described by Amid et al. is simple, easily learnt, and works well in the hands of an average surgeon as well as a surgical trainee. However, not all surgeons are comfortable in performing this operation under LA. One possible reason for this is that the surgeon prefers a relaxed operating feld and he has heard stories of bad experiences with LA because of non-optimal technique of LA with unacceptable intensity of pain during LA.

Aim
To present a short video demonstrating the technique of infiltration of lignocaine for Lichtenstein repair under LA.

Materials and methods
Video.

Results
In our series of 30 patients, median intra-operative pain VAS was 2.5(0,5). 30% patients reported a VAS&gt;3 during operation. All patients successfully underwent operation using LA.

Conclusion
LA should be strongly considered for all patients with unilateral inguinal hernia undergoing open repair.
OC-028 LAPAROSCOPIC INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR AS A DAY SURGERY PRACTICE
Authors: Gelebeševa Mateska T , Jakomin T , Avguštin M , Sojar V 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim
Up to 300 hernia operations are performed each year in Iatros Medical Center. In our clinic the standard TAPP laparoscopic technique as a day surgery is performed. Since May 2020, we have been actively collaborating with the Herniamed registry to follow up results of hernia repair.

Methods and patients
Between Sept 2020 and Feb 2022, 72 male patients were operated, using the TAPP technique. 21 to 86 years old underwent 100 hernioplasty (44 unilateral inguinal hernias and 27 bilateral), 35 hernias were direct (medial), and 65 hernias were indirect (lateral), 92 primary and 8 recurrent hernias. Prophylactic antibiotics were given as a single preoperative dose. All the patients were operated on under general anesthesia as day surgery cases. A Strict clinical protocol is followed for day surgery practice.

Results
The median age of patients was 53 years old, ASA 1–3. Participants were followed-up at 7 days and 12 mounts. There was no recurrence during follow- up of 2 to 17 months. One patient was diagnosed with postoperative dysesthesia in the right leg- dermatome L3, managed conservatively. Seven patients was diagnosed with acute pain (VAS 1–3) 7 days after surgery, two patients had a postoperative seroma and five patients had a hematoma around the ports, managed conservatively.

Conclusion
Day-surgery is as safe as an overnight stay in laparoscopic hernia repair under a strict clinical protocol of a day surgery practice. Low postoperative complications rates were found in our series.
OC-033 SLOWLY RESORBABLE VERSUS PERMANENT SYNTHETIC MESH IN OPEN RETROMUSCULAR VENTRAL HERNIA REPAIR - 3 YEAR RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Vandenheede M , Miserez M , Jorgensen L N , Berrevoet F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Implantation of synthetic meshes provides long-term hernia repair, but may result in mesh-related complications. The longterm resorbable mesh used in this study maintains more than 50% of its strength for 6 months and is completely resorbed after 3 years.

Methods
This multi-centre, randomized controlled trial compared the use of the TIGR® Matrix Surgical Mesh (Novus Scientific, Sweden) with a large-pore polypropylene mesh (Soft®mesh, BD, UK) in primary ventral and incisional hernia repair. Retromuscular mesh repair was performed. Primary endpoint was hernia recurrence rate after a 3 year follow-up period. Secondary endpoints were hernia recurrence rate at 1 year and 2 years, as well as perioperative morbidity and longterm complications including pain.

Results
Seventy-nine patients were included, but 69 patients received study treatment. Fifty-seven patients (82.6%) completed follow-up of 3 years. One patient (2.9%) developed a seroma after hernia repair with TIGR mesh. Three patients had a reintervention for hematoma (8.6%) in the control group versus two reinterventions (5.9%) after repair with TIGR mesh (p=0.673. One patient underwent late re-operation and mesh removal after hernia repair with TIGR mesh due to chronic wound infection. During three years follow-up, seven (10.1%) patients experienced a hernia recurrence, two (5.7%) in the control group and five (14.7%) after TIGR mesh (p=0.15).

Conclusion
Although not statistically significant, this multicentric RCT showed a higher recurrence rate for longterm degradable mesh patients after 3 years of follow-up. These results call for larger studies with long-term follow-up comparing slowly resorbable mesh materials with permanent mesh products.
OC-051 MANAGEMENT OF EPIGASTRIC, UMBILICAL, SPIGELIAN AND SMALL INCISIONAL HERNIA AS A DAY CASE PROCEDURE: RESULTS OF LONG–TERM FOLLOW–UP AFTER OPEN PREPERITONEAL FLAT MESH TECHNIQUE
Authors: Zuvela M , Galun D , Bogdanovic A , Bidzic N , Zivanovic M , Zuvela M , Zuvela M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim
To investigate short and long-term outcome after the open preperitoneal flat mesh technique (OPPFMT) for umbilical, epigastric, spigelian, small incisional and “port-site” hernia performed as a day case procedure.

Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed records of patients who underwent OPFMT for umbilical, epigastric, Spigelian, small incisional and “port-site” hernia. All patients were operated under local anesthesia in ambulatory settings. The operative technique is as follows: polypropylene flat mesh exceeding the size of the hernia defect for 2–3 cm in all directions is placed into a pre-peritoneal position above the intrabdominaly repositioned hernia sac (mesh is placed into hernia sac) and fixed by at least 8 transfascial “U” sutures.

Results
In the period from January 2004 to April 2022, 531 patients with ventral hernias (272 with umbilical, 155 with epigastric, 69 with small incisional, 17 with “port site” and 18 with Spigelian hernia) underwent surgery. During the median follow-up of 44 months, 8 (1,5%) hematomas, 2 (0,4%) seromas, 2 (0,4%), superfitial wound infections, 8 (1,5%) mesh infections and 24 (4,6%) recurrences occurred.

Conclusion
Management of epigastric, umbilical, spigelian and small incisional hernia with OPFMT under local anesthesia as a day case procedure is a safe and associated with favorable long-term outcome.
OC-065 PEEKABOO WITH MESHES AND MACHINES: DEEP LEARNING TO IDENTIFY TACKS AND MESHES ON CT SCANS
Authors: Rengan V , Meenashi Sundaram P , Arora E , Bawa A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim
To identify the presence of tacks and meshes in CT scans of patients who have previously undergone hernia repairs

Materials & Methods
We annotated data from &gt;100 anonymised Hernia CT scans of patients who had undergone previous ventral hernia repairs and used machine learning(ML)/ deep learning(DL) techniques to identify the presence of meshes and tacks.Annotation of CT scans was performed using computer vision tools. A combination of image processing, feature extraction and artificial intelligence(AI) techniques were used to create models that could identify tacks and meshes on CT scans.

Results
We were able to identify the presence of meshes and tacks with &gt;55% accuracy. The AI model under construction is continuing to improve performance.

Conclusions
Identification of the mesh is a challenge for surgeons and radiologists alike. The presence of machine learning techniques has revolutionised radiology and made the identification of obscure structures possible. Meshes present a unique challenge as they constitute a foreign tissue which integrates into native tissue. We believe that identification of hernia meshes and tacks can help surgeons identify the right planes for planning re-surgeries while operating in patients with previous hernia repairs or while tackling recurrences.