bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systems consolidation induces flexible egocentric-allocentric recall for observational fear memory
Authors: Terranova Joseph , Ogawa Sachie , Kitamura Takashi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Observers can learn to fear the context where they witnessed a demonstrator’s aversive events, a socially-transmitted learning called observational contextual fear conditioning (CFC), which is essential for survival. While observers should recall memory of observational CFC from their (egocentric) perspective or a demonstrator’s (allocentric) perspective depending on ecological contexts, the neural mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that remote observational CFC memory is both egocentrically and allocentrically recalled, whereas recent observational CFC memory is only egocentrically recalled. Egocentric recall of recent observational CFC memory requires dorsal hippocampus activity, while, surprisingly, both egocentric and allocentric recall of remote observational CFC memory requires the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-basolateral amygdala pathway. Finally, mPFC activity during observational CFC is necessary for remote, but not recent, egocentric and allocentric recall of observational CFC memory. Our data provide new insights into flexible recall strategies of observational CFC memory and functional reorganization of circuits underlying memory consolidation.
Machine learning-enabled design of architected materials
Authors: Peng Bo , Wei Ye , Qin Yu , Dai Jiabao , Li Yue , Liu Aobo , Tian Yun , Han Liuliu , Zheng Yufeng , Wen Peng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Architected materials that consist of multiple subelements arranged in particular orders can demonstrate a much broader range of properties than their constituent materials. However, the rational design of these materials generally relies on experts' prior knowledge and requires painstaking effort. Here, we present a data-efficient method for the multi-property optimization of 3D-printed architected materials utilizing a machine learning (ML) cycle consisting of 3D neural networks and the finite element method (FEM). Specifically, we applied our method to orthopedic implant design. Compared to expert designs, our experience-free method designed microscale heterogeneous architectures with biocompatible elastic modulus and higher strength. Furthermore, inspired by the knowledge learned by the neural networks, we developed a machine-human synergy, adapting the ML-designed architecture to fix a macroscale, irregularly shaped animal bone defect. Such adaptation exhibits 20% higher experimental load-bearing capacity than the expert design. Thus, our method opens a new paradigm for the fast and intelligent design of architected materials with tailored mechanical, physical, and chemical properties.
Effectiveness of an educational intervention to promote psychosocial wellbeing of school-going adolescents in Sri Lanka
Authors: Vithana Chiranthika , Lokubalasooriya  , Pragasan Ganeshamoorthy , Mahagamage Kanchana Lanka , Nanayakkara  , Herath Himali Prasangika , Karunarathna Priyani , Perera  , de Silva Chithramalee , Jayawardane  , Wickramasinghe  
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: One fifth of Sri Lankan population consists of adolescents with 71% of them are school going. Extreme need exists in the country for introducing of evidence-based intervention for psychosocial wellbeing of adolescents. Present study assessed the effectiveness of an educational intervention to promote psychosocial wellbeing of school-going adolescents in grade nine in Western Province, Sri Lanka
Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among grade nine students in Western Province in 2019. Panadura Medical Officer of Health (MOH) area was selected as the interventional area (IA) and Kelaniya MOH area was identified as the control area (CA). Teachers at schools in the IA received training on psychosocial health promotion of adolescents and they delivered the activity-based, educational intervention package to the grade nine students as 20-minute sessions in the classrooms during a 3-month period. Pre- and post-intervention assessments of attitudes and practices related to psychosocial wellbeing of adolescents were conducted using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Categorical data were compared using Chi-Square or Fisher’s Exact test. Mann-Whitney U test was applied to determine the difference between medians of the pre- and post-intervention scores on attitude and practices on psychosocial wellbeing.
Results: A total of 1040 grade nine students were enrolled. There was a statistically significant increase in median score on attitudes [81.8 (IQR:75.5-85.5) to 82.3(IQR:78.6-87.2] and practices [81.7(IQR: 76.1-85.7) to 83.1(IQR: 79.1-86.9)] in the IA while there was no significant difference in the CA. The proportion of bullied adolescents in past 30 days reduced significantly from 14.8% (n=38) to 7.9% (n=20) in IA(p=.03) whereas there was a slight reduction from 17.1% (n=44) to 11.3% (n=26) in CA (p=.17).
Conclusions: Present psycho-social intervention is effective in improving the psychosocial wellbeing of school adolescents though long-term effectiveness was not assessed.
Research on warping and dross formation of overhang structure manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Lin Pengcheng , Wang Meng , Vyacheslav Trofimov A , Yang Yongqiang , Song Changhui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Warping and dross formation are the main defects of overhang structure formed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. In order to study the process of warping and dross formation, the “7” shape overhang structure with different lengths and heights of overhang was printed. The influence of temperature field and stress field on the forming quality of overhang structure was analysed by numerical simulation. The results of experiment and simulation showed that there were significant differences in the forming process of temperature field between solid support zone and powder support zone. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of powder, the molten pool in the powder support zone was much larger than that in the solid support zone. On one hand, the molten pool sank due to the action of gravity and capillary force, which lead to the melting of the powder outside its original shape and contour, formed a droplet like dross formation on the lower surface. On the other hand, the temperature difference between regions led to large thermal stress. When the thermal stress exceeded the material strength, warping deformation occurred on the top area and affected the subsequent powder laying process. The powder could not be spread on the warping zone so it was remelted when the next layer is processed. As the number of forming layers increased, the original powder area became solid after fusion and solidification, so the thermal conductivity and stiffness increased continuously, the variation of temperature tended to be stable and the deformation of the top area gradually decreases. The study of warping and dross formation process was helpful to understand the defect change process in overhang manufacturing process.
ATG Spectrum Analysis and Interference Mitigation for Intelligent UAV IoT
Authors: Liu Lei , Li Chaofei , Zhao Yikun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
As UAV Internet of Things (IoT) applications continue to grow, so does interest in the development of Air-to-Ground (ATG) systems, which can effectively expand communication system coverage. To maximize utilization of frequency resources, the ATG system adopts frequency reuse with the 5G system on the ground. This research studies the co-channel interference between ATG and 5G at 3.5 GHz as well as the neighboring channel interference with C-band fixed satellite service (FSS). We do research on various ATG aircraft flying altitudes and horizontal distances, which yields multiple potential interference reduction strategies. Finally, numerical results are shown to demonstrate the efficacy and productivity of our proposed methods.
Validation of artificial intelligence containing products across the regulated healthcare industries
Authors: Higgins David , Johner Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose The introduction of artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI/ML) products to the regulated fields of pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) and drug manufacture, and medical devices (MD) and in-vitro diagnostics (IVD), poses new regulatory problems: a lack of a common terminology and understanding leads to confusion, delays and product failures. Validation as a key step in product development, common to each of these sectors including computerized systems and AI/ML development, offers an opportune point of comparison for aligning people and processes for cross-sectoral product development. Methods A comparative approach, built upon workshops and a subsequent written sequence of exchanges, summarized in a look-up table suitable for mixed-teams work. Results 1. A bottom-up, definitions led, approach which leads to a distinction between broad vs narrow validation, and their relationship to regulatory regimes. 2. Common basis introduction to the primary methodologies for AI-containing software validation. 3. Pharmaceutical drug development and MD/IVD specific perspectives on compliant AI software development, as a basis for collaboration. Conclusions Alignment of the terms and methodologies used in validation of software products containing artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI/ML) components across the regulated industries of human health is a vital first step in streamlining processes and improving workflows.
Correlation between patient-specific quality assurance in volumetric modulated arc therapy and 2D dose image features
Authors: Guo Yixiao , Hu Jinyan , Li Yang , Ran Juntao , Cai Hongyi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In radiotherapy, air-filled ion chamber detectors are ubiquitously used in routine dose measurements for treatment planning. However, its use has been restricted by intrinsic low spatial resolution barriers. We developed one procedure for patient-specific quality assurance (QA) in arc radiotherapy by coalescing two adjacent measurement images into a single image to improve spatial resolution and sampling frequency, and investigated how different spatial resolutions affect the QA results. PTW 729 and 1500 ion chamber detectors were used for dosimetric verification via coalescing two measurements with 5mm-couch shift and the isocenter, and only isocenter measurement, which we call coalescence and standard acquisition (SA). Statistical process control (SPC), process capability analysis (PCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to compare the performance of the two procedures in identifying clinically relevant errors and determining tolerance levels. By analyzing 1256 γ values calculated on interpolated data points, our results indicated that detector 1500 had higher averages in coalescence cohorts at different tolerance criteria and the dispersion degree was spread out smaller. Detector 729 yielded a slightly lower process capability of 0.79, 0.76, 1.1, and 1.6, but detector 1500 exhibited somewhat different results of 0.938, 1.42, 1.19, and 1.34 in magnitude. SPC individual control chart showed that cases in coalescence cohorts with γ values lowering its lower control limit (LCL) were greater than those in SA cohorts for detector 1500. A combination of the width of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) leaf, the cross-sectional area of the single detector, and the spacing between adjacent detectors might lead to discrepancies in percent γ values across diverse spatial resolution scenarios. The accuracy of reconstructed volume dose is mainly determined by the interpolation algorithm used in dosimetric systems. The magnitude of filling factor in the ion chamber detectors determined its ability to detect dose deviations. SPC and PCA results indicated that coalescence procedure could detect more potential failure QA results than SA while enhancing action thresholds.
Effectiveness of Cue-Based Feeding to Improve Time to Nipple Feed and Time to Discharge in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Spagnoli Jonathan , Dhanireddy Ramasubbareddy , Chilakala Sandeep 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Feeding readiness is a requirement to be discharged from the NICU. Assessing readiness for feeding can be subjective and without structure. Cue-based feeding offers a more objective and individually tailored approach to assess feeding in neonates. The literature on cue-based feeding is lacking and has variable results. This study of over 500 patients in a level III NICU offers additional data on the subject for very low birth weight neonates. Additionally, we show how this method can get very low birthweight neonates transitioning to PO faster and getting discharged sooner. Improvement in these outcomes can decrease adverse outcomes associated with hospital stays and decrease the financial burden on families and hospital systems.
Prevalence and Impact of Poorly Controlled Modifiable Risk Factors among Patients Undergoing Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Stout Kara , Almerstani Muaaz , Adomako Rees , Shin David , Tandon Hannah , Schleifer John William , Payne Jason , Easley Arthur , Khan Faris , Windle John , Goyal Neha , Tsai Shane , Anderson Daniel , Naksuk Niyada 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Managing atrial fibrillation (AF) risk factors (RF) improves ablation outcomes in obese patients. However, real-world data including non-obese patients is limited.
Methods: Pre-specified modifiable RFs among 724 consecutive patients undergoing AF ablation at a tertiary care hospital from 2012 to 2019 were examined. These included body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, > 5% fluctuation in BMI, obstructive sleep apnea with continuous positive airway pressure non-compliance, uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled diabetes, uncontrolled hyperlipidemia, tobacco use, alcohol use above the standard recommendation, and a diagnosis-to-ablation time (DAT) > 1.5 years. The primary outcome was a composite of arrhythmia recurrence, cardiovascular admissions, and cardiovascular death.
Results: We identified a high prevalence of pre-ablation modifiable RFs with more than 50% of the study patients experiencing uncontrolled HLD, BMI ≥ 30 mg/m2, fluctuating BMI > 5% or experiencing delayed DAT. During a median follow-up of 2.6 (interquartile range 1.4, 4.6) years, 467 (64.5%) patients met the primary outcome. Independent RFs were a fluctuation in BMI > 5% (hazard ratio [HR] 1.31; P = 0.008), diabetes with A1c ≥ 6.5% (HR 1.50; P = 0.014) and uncontrolled hyperlipidemia (HR 1.30; P = 0.005). A total of 264 (36.46%) patients had at least two of these predictive RFs, which was associated with higher incidence of the primary outcome. Delayed DAT over 1.5 years did not alter the ablation outcome.
Conclusions: Substantial portions of patients undergoing AF ablation have potentially modifiable RFs that were not well controlled. Fluctuating BMI, diabetes with HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, and uncontrolled HLD portend an increased risk of recurrent arrhythmia, CV hospitalizations and mortality following ablation.
A comparative analysis between forest ecosystems in the Atlantic Forest biome, Southern Brazil
Authors: Bressane Adriano , Silva Julia Villalta , Silva Mirela Beatriz , Siminski Alexandre , Medeiros Liliam César de Castro , Negri Rogério Galante 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For the monitoring and assessment of forest ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest biome, the Brazilian guidelines define a set of indicators to classification of successional stages in regenerating. However, such guidelines do not consider possible differences between forest ecosystems in this biome. This study presents a comparative analysis to verify the hypothesis of differences between forest ecosystems in the Atlantic Forest biome when compared at equivalent successional stage. The analysis employed a database of the Floristic Forest Inventory of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil, with 460 sample units, evaluated based on 5 key indicators variables of successional stages. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn's procedure were applied to compare the forest ecosystems with basis on the key indicators. The entire analysis considered two-way tests with 5% significance (α), 95% of power (1-β), and a minimum detectable effect size (ρ) of 20%. The statistical tests confirmed the research hypothesis. At least in one of the multiple paired comparisons in later forest successional stages, the indicator variables showed significant differences. Considering that the stage of forest succession comprises the primary criterion for analyzing vegetation suppression requests, the presented results should support and motivate the review of current guidelines. As a perspective for future studies, artificial intelligence methods should be evaluated as a support tool for classifying the forest regeneration stage.
Identification and transcriptome data analysis of ARF family genes in five Orchidaceae species
Authors: Bai Yiwei , Ma Yanjun , Chang Yanting , Zhang Wenbo , Deng Yayun , Zhang Na , Zhang Xue , Fan Keke , Hu Xiaomeng , Wang Shuhua , Jiang Zehui , Hu Tao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Orchidaceae is a large family of perennial herbs especially noted for the exceptional diversity of specialized flowers adapted for insect pollination. Elucidating the genetic regulation of flowering and seed development of orchids is an important research goal with potential utility in orchid breeding programs. Auxin Response Factor (ARF) genes encode auxin-responsive transcription factors, which are involved in the regulation of diverse morphogenetic processes, including flowering and seed development. However, limited information on the ARF gene family in the Orchidaceae is available. In this study, 112 ARF genes were identified in the genomes of five orchid species (Phalaenopsis aphrodite, Phalaenopsis equestris, Vanilla planifolia, Apostasia shenzhenica, and Dendrobium catenatum). These genes were grouped into seven subfamilies based on their phylogenetic relationships. Compared with the ARF family in model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, one subfamily of ARF genes involved in pollen wall synthesis has been lost during evolution of the Orchidaceae. This loss corresponds with absence of the exine in the pollinia. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the ARF genes of subfamily 4 may play an important role in flower formation and plant growth, whereas those of subfamily 3 are potentially involved in pollen wall development. Through mining of the published genomic and transcriptomic data for the five species, the present results provide novel insights into the genetic regulation of unique morphogenetic phenomena of orchids. This study lays a foundation for further analysis of the regulatory mechanisms and functions of sexual reproduction-related genes in orchids.
Prognostic efficacy of RDW in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism for in-hospital mortality and adverse events
Authors: Asbagh Amirhosein Ghafouri , Hassannezhad Sina , Nateghian Hooman , Ghaffari Samad , Mousavi Saeid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Increased red cell distribution width (RDW) is linked to pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) severity and is associated with inflammation during the acute phase of the PTE. In this study, we aimed to measure the predictive value of RDW for in-hospital mortality and major cardiopulmonary adverse events.
Methods: Data from 801 patients with the diagnosis of PTE were retrospectively reviewed. We divided patients into two groups based on experiencing Major Adverse Cardiopulmonary Events (MACPE), which includes mortality, thrombolysis, mechanical ventilation, and surgical embolectomy during hospitalization. Then the collected medical records were compared between the groups. In-hospital mortality and MACPE were our primary and secondary measured outcomes, respectively.
Results: Mean RDW was 14.28 ± 1.44 in the whole population and was higher in the MACPE group (P-value= 0.024). RDW with the cut-off point of 14.05% has both sensitivity and specificity of 54% (AUC=0.555, CI=0.509 - 0.601) in predicting in-hospital MACPE, but with the cut-off point of 13.75%, it has a higher performance in predicting in-hospital death (AUC=0.650, CI=0.575 – 0.726). Patients with the RDW ≥ 13.75% had a higher mortality rate than the others (P-value=0.003). RDW remained an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality but not MACPE after conducting a multivariable analysis (P-value= 0.009, 0.397 resp.)
Conclusion: the mortality caused by pulmonary embolism can be predicted using RDW as an easily accessible marker, but it performs poorly in predicting in-hospital MACPE.
Research on the fabrication of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites by means of ultrasonic vibration
Authors: Liu Jiaqing , Zhai Zhanyu , Li Ziying , Tang Huaping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Because of the high viscosity and poor fluidity of thermoplastic resin, it is easy to form void in thermoplastic composites fabricated by traditional methods. The introduction of ultrasonic vibration into the fabrication of thermoplastic composites promotes the flow of thermoplastic resin and improve the quality of thermoplastic composites. In this study, continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (CF/PA 6) composites were fabricated by ultrasonic vibration. The effects of ultrasonic amplitude and welding time on the temperature variations of the CF/PA 6 stack during the fabrication process were firstly studied. Meanwhile, the process of impregnation evolution was observed. Then, the quality of CF/PA 6 composites with different ultrasonic vibration parameters were evaluated from the aspects of carbon fiber (CF) fabric structure, carbon fiber diameter, void content, fiber volume fraction, and the flexural strength. The results show that increasing the ultrasonic amplitude and welding time can increase the fiber volume fraction and decrease the void content of CF/PA 6 composites. However, increasing ultrasonic amplitude and welding time result in a smaller carbon fiber diameter and worse CF-PA 6 interface properties. The CF fabric structure is sensitive to ultrasonic vibration parameters. Ultrasonic amplitude and welding time exceeding a certain threshold reduce the flexural strength of CF/PA 6 composites. The flexural strength of the composites is improved by increasing the ultrasonic amplitude and welding time within a limited window. Different from flexural strength, the flexural modulus of the composite increases with the increase of ultrasonic amplitude and welding time due to more compact CF fabrics in the composite laminates. In addition, the failure mode of composites is sensitive to the ultrasonic vibration parameters.