bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapies targeting CGRP signaling for medication overuse headache
Authors: Koumprentziotis Ioannis-Alexios , Mitsikostas Dimos D. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Medication overuse headache (MOH) affects more than 60 million individuals worldwide causing enormous personal and social burden. Only repurposed drugs are available for MOH that share limited evidence for efficacy. The preclinical data suggesting that activation of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway is involved in headache chronification along with clinical evidence that monoclonal antibodies targeting CGRP (anti-CGRP mAbs) have good efficacy in preventing chronic migraine, triggered this review that aims to summarize the current data on the effectiveness and safety of mAbs against CGRP in MOH.

Recent findings
Post hoc analyses of phase-3 trials of erenumab, fremanezumab, galcanezumab, and eptinezumab for the prevention of chronic migraine revealed that patients with MOH benefit from the treatment over placebo. Several real-world studies confirm the efficacy of erenumab and galcanezumab in patients with MO. However, all published trials evaluated treatments in patients with chronic migraine with MO collectively, not in patients with MOH exclusively.

Summary
The available data indicate that anti-CGRP mAbs represent a good mechanism-based and disease-specific therapeutical option with for MOH as long as detoxification and additional nonpharmaceutical interventions are operated. Future research should focus on long-term-controlled trials in MOH populations exclusively.
Virtual recruitment and participant engagement for substance use research during a pandemic
Authors: Hoeflich Carolin C. , Wang Anna , Otufowora Ayodeji , Cottler Linda B. , Striley Catherine W. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic resulted in cataclysmic changes to the research enterprise, causing a forced shutdown or rapid pivot to virtual methods. Adapting studies to the virtual environment also impacted recruitment and retention strategies. This review elucidated challenges and offered pragmatic recommendations, drawing on published literature and our prior work, to assist researchers in re-evaluating and amending best-practice techniques to bolster inclusive recruitment and study engagement of people using substances, particularly for virtual interviews or focus groups.

Recent findings
Ameliorating recruitment strategies and research protocols to better fit virtual methods of recruitment and study administration required careful consideration of ethical and logistical implications. Many procedures to increase enrollment of underrepresented populations, such as building mutually beneficial and respectful community partnerships, recruiting via social media, or providing ambulatory research centers, existed prior to this specific pandemic. However, unprecedented disruptions in resources needed to participate in virtual interviews or focus groups, privacy concerns, and possible deteriorating trust in research necessitated continued adaptation and expansion of these strategies.

Summary
Building upon prepandemic, community-engaged strategies may continue to facilitate diverse recruitment efforts and advance science productivity in the substance use and addiction field during the pandemic and thereafter.
Computational Analysis of Six Expression Studies Reveals miRNA-mRNA Interactions and 25 Consistently Disrupted Genes in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Gao Sarah , Gao Andrew 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD), known as eczema, affects millions of people worldwide and is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. It is associated with risks of developing asthma, food allergies, and various other diseases related to the immune system. AD can also negatively affect the self-esteem of patients. Gene expression data could yield new insights into molecular mechanisms and pathways of AD, however, results often vary drastically between studies. In this study, expression data from five mRNA studies and one miRNA study were combined to identify differences between atopic dermatitis skin and unaffected, normal skin. Protein interaction network analysis and Panther analysis revealed that pathways related to leukocyte behavior, antimicrobial defense, metal sequestration, and type 1 interferon signaling were significantly affected in AD. In total, 25 genes, such as SERPINB4 and ST1007 were consistently identified to be disrupted across studies. Within the 25, 11 were underexpressed and 14 were overexpressed. Several genes implicated in skin cancers were among the 25. We also identified underexpressed 13 miRNAs, many of which regulate some of the 14 overexpressed genes. Gene FOXM1 was targeted by 6 underexpressed miRNAs and was on average overexpressed by 9.53 times in AD. Presumably, underexpression of miRNAs led to overexpression of their gene targets. The results of this research have implications for diagnostic tests and therapies for AD. It elucidates molecular mechanisms of AD with greater confidence than does a single study alone. Future steps include experiments regarding the role of SERPINB4, ST1007, neutrophil and leukocyte aggregation, and interferon signaling in AD. Additionally, the associations between AD and skin cancers should be further investigated.
Early Treatment of Favipiravir in COVID-19 Patients Without Pneumonia: A Multicentre, Open-Labelled, Randomized Control Study
Authors: Sirijatuphat Rujipas , Manosuthi Weerawat , Niyomnaitham Suvimol , Owen Andrew , Copeland Katherine K. , Charoenpong Lantharita , Rattanasompattikul Manoch , Mahasirimongkol Surakameth , Chokephaibulkit Kulkanya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigated Favipiravir (FPV) efficacy in mild cases of COVID-19 without pneumonia and its effects towards viral clearance, clinical condition, and risk of COVID-19 pneumonia development. PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infected patients without pneumonia were enrolled (2:1) within 10 days of symptomatic onset into FPV and control arms. The former received 1800 mg FPV twice-daily (BID) on Day 1 and 800 mg BID 5-14 days thereafter until negative viral detection, while the latter received supportive care only. The primary endpoint was time to clinical improvement, which was defined by a reduced National Early Warning Score (NEWS) or score of ≤1. 62 patients (41 female) comprised the FPV arm (median age: 32 years, median BMI: 22 kg/m²) and 31 patients (19 female) comprised the control arm (median age: 28 years, median BMI: 22 kg/m². The median time to sustained clinical improvement by NEWS was 2 vs 14 days for FPV and control arms respectively (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 2.77, 95% CI 1.57-4.88, P <0.001). The FPV arm also had significantly higher likelihoods of clinical improvement within 14 days after enrolment by NEWS (79% vs 32% respectively, P <0.001), particularly female patients (aOR 6.35, 95% CI 1.49-27.07, P <0.001). 8 (12.9%) and 7 (22.6%) patients in FPV and control arms developed mild pneumonia at a median (range) 6.5 (1-13) and 7 (1-13) days after treatment, respectively (P = 0.316); all recovered well without complications. We can conclude that early treatment of FPV in symptomatic COVID-19 patients without pneumonia was associated with faster clinical improvement.
α2,6-Sialylation is Upregulated in Severe COVID-19 Implicating the Complement Cascade
Authors: Qin Rui , Kurz Emma , Chen Shuhui , Zeck Briana , Chiribogas Luis , Jackson Dana , Herchen Alex , Attia Tyson , Carlock Michael , Rapkiewicz Amy , Bar-Sagi Dafna , Ritchie Bruce , Ross Ted M. , Mahal Lara K. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBetter understanding of the mechanisms of COVID-19 severity is desperately needed in current times. Although hyper-inflammation drives severe COVID-19, precise mechanisms triggering this cascade and what role glycosylation might play therein is unknown. Here we report the first high-throughput glycomic analysis of COVID-19 plasma samples and autopsy tissues. We find α2,6-sialylation is upregulated in plasma of patients with severe COVID-19 and in the lung. This glycan motif is enriched on members of the complement cascade, which show higher levels of sialylation in severe COVID-19. In the lung tissue, we observe increased complement deposition, associated with elevated α2,6-sialylation levels, corresponding to elevated markers of poor prognosis (IL-6) and fibrotic response. We also observe upregulation of the α2,6-sialylation enzyme ST6GAL1 in patients who succumbed to COVID-19. Our work identifies a heretofore undescribed relationship between sialylation and complement in severe COVID-19, potentially informing future therapeutic development.
The association between visual hallucinations and secondary psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dadwal Amber Kaur , Blackman Graham , Teixeira-Dias Maria , ffytche Dominic 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundVisual hallucinations are often considered by clinicians to be suggestive of a secondary cause of psychosis, however, this association has never been assessed meta-analytically. We aimed to compare the presence of visual hallucinations in patients with psychosis due to a primary or secondary cause.MethodA meta-analysis of case-control studies directly comparing primary and secondary psychosis was conducted. PubMed, OVID, MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO and Global Health databases were searched without date restrictions. Two researchers performed the search independently. The inclusion criteria were studies that reported the frequency of visual hallucinations in patients with primary and secondary psychosis and were published in English. A random-effects model, following the DerSimonian and Laird method, was used to pool studies and generate overall odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsFourteen studies (904 primary and 804 secondary psychosis patients) were included. Visual hallucinations were significantly associated with secondary psychosis (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.7-5.1, p<0.001) with moderate between-study heterogeneity (I2=70%). Subgroup analysis by type of secondary psychosis (organic, drug-induced, mixed) was non-significant. Analysis of the content of visual hallucinations (51 primary and 142 secondary psychosis patients) found hallucinations of inanimate objects more likely to be associated with secondary psychosis (OR = 0.1, 95% CI = 0.01-0.8, p=0.03).ConclusionsVisual hallucinations were found to be strongly associated with a secondary cause of psychosis. The presence of visual hallucinations in a patient presenting with psychosis may serve as a potential ‘red flag’ for a secondary cause and warrant further investigation.Key messagesWhat is already knownPsychotic symptoms may arise due to either an idiopathic primary (‘non-organic’) disorder or a secondary cause, such as an underlying medical (‘organic’) disorder. Whilst it is widely accepted amongst clinicians that visual hallucinations are associated with a secondary psychosis, this has never been established meta analytically.What this study addsPatients with a secondary cause of psychosis are approximately three times more likely to experience visual hallucinations than patients with a primary psychiatric disorder. The content of visual hallucinations in patients with a secondary cause also differs compared to patient with a primary cause.How this study might affect practiceFindings provide the strongest evidence to date for routinely assessing patients for the presence of visual hallucinations as part of the standard psychiatric assessment. A positive finding should be considered a ‘red flag’ for a secondary cause.
Early intervention with ColdZyme mouth spray after self-diagnosis of common cold: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Lindberg B. Fredrik , Nelson Ida , Ranstam Jonas , Riker Donald K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundA glycerol throat spray containing cold-adapted cod trypsin creates a protective barrier and is known to deactivate common cold virus in vitro and decrease pharyngeal rhinovirus load after inoculation in humans. Early self-diagnosis and use of the medical device ColdZyme indicate a safe alternative for treatment in naturally occurring common colds.MethodsThis was a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study conducted at ten German sites to evaluate the efficacy of the medical device ColdZyme, a glycerol mouth spray containing cold-adapted cod trypsin, for naturally occurring common cold, versus placebo. Adults experiencing a minimum of three common colds during the previous year, but otherwise healthy, were enrolled to begin treatment with the mouth spray or placebo six times daily at first sign of a common cold. Jackson’s symptom scale and the 9-item Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey-21 (WURSS-21) quality of life (QoL) domain and sore throat scale were recorded daily by subjects, as well as any use of allowed rescue treatment. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03794804.ResultsBetween January and April 2019, 701 subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to the ColdZyme group (n=351) or the placebo group (n=350). Of the 701 subjects, 438 (62.5%) subjects developed symptoms typical of common cold, and all 438 started study treatment (n=220 in the ColdZyme group and n=218 in the placebo group).There were no differences between the groups in primary and major secondary endpoints, however, the assessment using the WURSS-21 QoL domain and Jackson score suggests a slightly faster recovery with ColdZyme, as symptoms and complaints affecting the quality of life were shortened about 1 day. The beneficial effect of ColdZyme was particularly noticeable on the fifth day of the common cold. A positive difference between treatment groups was also seen for the subjects’ assessments of global efficacy of the investigational product, and a robust safety profile for ColdZyme was demonstrated throughout the study.ConclusionThe safety and tolerability of ColdZyme have been confirmed in a larger study population, while establishing evidence of a slightly faster recovery from common cold symptoms.
CONCEPTUAL ADVANCEMENT: SOCIAL HEALTH AS A FACILITATOR IN THE USE OF COGNITIVE RESERVE
Authors: Vernooij-Dassen Myrra , Verspoor Eline , Samtani Suraj , Sachdev Perminder , Ikram M. Arfan , Vernooij Meike W. , Hubers Claudia , Chattat Rabih , Lenart Marta , Rymaszewska Joanna , Szczesnia Dorota , Brodaty Henry , Welmer Anna-Karin , Maddock Jane , van der Velpen Isabelle , Wiegelmann Henrik , Marseglia Anna , Richards Marcus , Melis Rene , de Vugt Marjolein , Moniz-Cook Esme , Jeon Yun-Hee , Perry Marieke , Wolf-Ostermann Karin 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTDementia is a syndrome where the origins are not fully understood, and we have no cure. New thinking through exploration of paradigms beyond biological approaches has scope to improve knowledge about this complex condition. We aim to explore the role of social health in cognitive decline and the onset of dementia. We performed a scoping and a systematic review of the literature, hypothesizing that social health acts as a driver for stimulating the use of cognitive reserve. The review yielded theoretical pathways and evidence for the association between neurobiological and social health markers. However, lack of conceptual clarity on social health hinders its articulation and associated inclusion of social health markers in epidemiological studies. We therefore apply concept advancement of social health. We developed a conceptual framework, and we present a first testing of our overarching hypothesis. This framework proved to effectively guide the identification of social health markers in our epidemiological data bases. This promotes the identification of modifiable risk factors, which may in turn shape new avenues for preventive interventions.
Pilot Protocol for the Parent and Infant Inter(X)action Intervention (PIXI) Feasibility Study
Authors: Wheeler Anne C , Okoniewski Katherine , Scott Samantha , Edwards Anne , Cheves Emily , Turner-Brown Lauren 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper provides the detailed protocol for a pilot study testing the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a targeted two-phase, remotely delivered early intervention program for infants with neurogenetic conditions (NGC) and their caregivers. The Parent and Infant Inter(X)action Intervention (PIXI) is designed to support parents and infants with an NGC diagnosed in the first year of life. PIXI is implemented in two phases, with the first phase focusing on psychoeducation, parent support, and how to establish routines for supporting infant development. Phase II helps parents learn targeted skills to support their infant’s development as symptoms may begin to emerge. The proposed case series will establish the feasibility of a year-long virtually implemented intervention program to support new parents of an infant diagnosed with an NGC.
Impact of the aileron gap sealing on the aileron effectiveness
Authors: Kowalska Anna , Goetzendorf-Grabowski Tomasz 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of the presented aileron modification analysis is the improvement of the flight handling by eliminating adverse phenomena in the aileron area, such as aileron shaking movements, without the risk of deterioration of flow characteristics during manoeuvres. It was also crucial to reduce aileron forces acting on the control stick.

Design/methodology/approach
Numerical CFD analysis of the aileron system with modifications of sealing in the aileron gap area were performed. The effect of the caulking strip at the upper surface of the aileron gap was determined, as well as caulking at the entrance to the aileron gap on the bottom surface. A solution has also been proposed, consisting of completely closing the aileron gap by using a diaphragm. The three-dimensional flow analysis was carried out, allowing localization of the flow disturbances in the aileron gap at cruising speed. The result of the analysis are the aerodynamic and the hinge moment coefficients determining forces on the control stick, depending on the type of seals.

Findings
It has been shown that the use of subsequent sealing means has a direct impact on the hinge moment value. The results of the CFD analysis showed that the more closed aileron gap is, the higher aileron forces are generated on the control stick. Completely closing the flow in the aileron gap changes the character of the force generated on the control stick.

Practical implications
Through CFD analyses of the aileron gap sealing in the PZL-130 Orlik aircraft, the impact of successive aileron gap sealing on the aileron efficiency was determined. It has been shown that simple change of the aileron gap size by the slat sealing can significantly affect the value of the forces generated on the control stick.

Originality/value
The research using CFD methods allowed to verify the impact of the particular type of aileron gap sealing on the hinge moment value and thus to determine proper sealing configuration for the PZL-130 Orlik aircraft at low computational cost.
The Coronavirus Shopping Anxiety Scale: initial validation and development
Authors: Sachdeva Ruchika 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop a scale to measure coronavirus shopping anxiety. Numerous studies have developed a scale for measuring coronavirus anxiety and fear, notably absent is a concerted effort to review and assess the impact of coronavirus on the shopping anxiety of consumers. This scale fulfills this gap.Design/methodology/approachThe steps taken for checking the various psychometrics of the scale include item generation, followed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) through SPSS and confirmatory factor analysis through AMOS. The data were collected from over 208 respondents.FindingsThis study resulted in the development of a nine-item scale with robust psychometric properties. The scale resulted in highlighting two factors related to anxiety: in-store shopping anxiety and online shopping anxiety.Research limitations/implicationsThe scale developed has the desirable reliable and valid properties that could be used by aspiring researchers.Practical implicationsThe scale developed highlighted that the restrictions in shopping impact the mental health and psychology of consumers. The scale resulted in analyzing the factors related to shopping anxiety, which could give top management a perspective and vision to look into the minds of the consumer's shopping anxiety behaviors.Social implicationsCompanies, firms, health professionals and marketers could use this scale to investigate the various shopping anxiety perceptions among consumers in society.Originality/valueThis research fills the gap by developing a first nine-item scale based on the qualitative research and quantitative assessment for measuring shopping anxiety caused due to the pandemic.
Revisiting organizational identity and social responsibility in professional football clubs: the case of Bayern Munich and the Qatar sponsorship
Authors: Herold David M. , Harrison C. Keith , Bukstein Scott J. 
Published: June 2022

PurposeA perceived misalignment between socially responsible fans and football club management has recently led to a major crisis during the annual meeting in 2021 of Bayern Munich, one of the largest professional football teams in Europe. In an unprecedented scenario, Bayern Munich fans demanded that management drop one of its largest sponsors due to alleged violation of human rights. The goal of this paper is to examine this particular phenomenon, as it not only demonstrates a discrepancy between the social organizational identity and its image, but more importantly, how it impacts legitimation strategies and the fans' loyalty attitudes towards the club.Design/methodology/approachUsing the underlying concepts of legitimacy and loyalty, this conceptual model paper proposes two frameworks for social responsibility in professional football clubs: (1) analyzing how the (mis-)alignment between organizational identity and image impacts fan loyalty and (2) depicting four different types of social responsibility strategies to align organizational identity and image.FindingsThe authors identify various theoretical concepts that influence organizational identity and image in and for social responsibility and combine the two critical concepts of legitimacy and loyalty to categorize the social responsibility strategies for professional football clubs.Originality/valueBoth frameworks advance the understanding of the decision-making behind social responsibility strategies and also synthesize the current literature to offer conceptual clarity regarding the varied implications and outcomes linked to the misalignment between organizational identity and image.