bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ontogeny of the nasolacrimal apparatus and nasal sensory systems of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)
Authors: Rehorek Susan J. , Elsey Ruth M. , Smith Timothy V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe nasolacrimal apparatus (NLA) is a feature common to many sauropsid amniotes. It consists of an orbital Harderian gland (HG)whose secretions drain into the nasal cavity, in the vicinity of the vomeronasal organ (VNO), an accessory olfactory organ derived from the olfactory epithelium, and a connecting nasolacrimal duct (NLD). Though not all features are present in all posthatchling sauropsids (i.e., no VNO in crocodilomorphs), it is not clear if this system either never existed or failed to develop during the embryonic stages. The purpose of this study is to histologically describe the ontogeny of the NLA and the main olfactory organ in Alligator mississippiensis. Alligator specimens, from embryonic stage 9 to hatchling, were serially histologically sectioned, stained, photographed, and segmented into different tissues using Abobe Photoshop and then reconstructed using Amira for 3D analysis and quantitative nasal epithelial distribution. Though there was no evidence of a VNO, the rest of the NLA was present. The development of the NLA could be subdivided into four phases: (1) inception of NLD, (2) establishment of orbitonasal connections of NLD, (3) bone development, and (4) nasal cavity growth. Glands mature during this last phase and the nasal region rapidly grows, rotates, and is displaced anteriorly. The gradual proportional increase in nonolfactory epithelial distribution during ontogeny is consistent with the literature. Alligator embryonic nasal and NLD growth differs from that of mammals and squamates. The NLD is connected to the anterior third of the nasal region during its initial attachment, but as anterior nasal growth exceeds posterior growth, it is gradually displaced into the posterior third of the nasal region by hatching. It is unknown whether this is a derived archosaur condition or just another example of the morphological variation seen within sauropsid amniotes.
External nasal gland morphology of Eurycea bislineata (Amphibia, Urodela, Plethodontidae)
Authors: Trame Samantha D. , Denova Jacob R. , Pereira Kenzie E. , McClelland Sara J. , Gribbins Kevin M. , Rheubert Justin L. , Siegel Dustin S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlethodontid salamanders possess numerous courtship glands. Previous studies have shown that the glands are more prominent in male individuals than females, and often experience periods of atrophy and hypertrophy throughout the year that correlate to the nonmating and mating seasons, respectively. We sampled male and female Eurycea bislineata throughout the year to test the hypothesis that external nasal glands are courtship glands. External nasal glands are paired, branched tubular glands that extend from excretory ducts dorsal to the nares to terminal secretory units posterior to the eyes. We found that the glands hypertrophy and stain/react more intensely with histochemical procedures during the mating season. Hypertrophy of the glands is more pronounced in males, and seasonal variation in epithelial height of external nasal glands of males is significantly correlated to that of seasonal variation in mental gland epithelial height, a known courtship gland found in males, when compared throughout the year. This correlation was not as strong in females, confirming sexual dimorphism of external nasal glands in terms of seasonal variation. We found no ultrastructural differences between male and female external nasal glands. In all specimens, the glandular tubules were lined by a simple, columnar epithelium that was packed with secretory granules that often obscured other cytoplasmic contents.
Stock market reaction to global supply chain disruptions from the 2018 US government ban on ZTE
Authors: Jacobs Brian W. , Singhal Vinod R. , Zhan Xinrui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGovernment trade actions are an increasing source of supply chain risk. This research provides empirical evidence of the stock market reaction to trade actions against a targeted firm on other firms in the targeted firm's supply chain eco‐system. We test our hypothesized stock price effects using the case of the 2018 US government ban on US firms from supplying to ZTE, a Chinese telecommunications manufacturer. We estimate the ban's effects on ZTE's tier‐one US and non‐US suppliers, as well as the upstream and downstream supply chain propagation effects by considering ZTE's tier‐two suppliers and business customers. We also estimate impacts to ZTE's competitors. We find that tier‐one US suppliers experienced a stock price effect of −3.33% following the ban, and the reaction was more negative for those suppliers more dependent on ZTE for revenues. We find a stock price effect on tier‐two suppliers of −0.40%, but an insignificant effect on non‐US tier‐one suppliers. Business customers experienced a stock price effect of 0.66%, and the competitors' stock price effect was 1.34%. The reversal of the ban 4 weeks later resulted in a stock price effect of 1.56% for tier‐one US suppliers, 1.72% for tier‐one non‐US suppliers, and 1.35% for competitors.
Strong Neel Ordering and Luminescence Correlation in a Two‐Dimensional Antiferromagnet
Authors: Zhou Yongheng , He Kaiyue , Hu Huamin , Ouyang Gang , Zhu Chao , Wang Wei , Qin Sichen , Tao Ye , Chen Runfeng , Zhang Le , Shi Run , Cheng Chun , Wang Han , Liu Yanjun , Liu Zheng , Wang Taihong , Huang Wei , Wang Lin , Chen Xiaolong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMagneto‐optical effect has been widely used in light modulation, optical sensing, and information storage. Recently discovered 2D van der Waals layered magnets are considered as promising platforms for investigating novel magneto‐optical phenomena and devices, due to the long‐range magnetic ordering down to atomically thin thickness, rich species, and tunable properties. However, majority 2D antiferromagnets suffer from low luminescence efficiency which hinders their magneto‐optical investigations and applications. This work uncovers strong light‐magnetic ordering interactions in 2D antiferromagnetic MnPS3 using a newly‐emerged near‐infrared photoluminescence (PL) mode far below its intrinsic bandgap. This ingap PL mode shows strong correlation with the Neel ordering and persists down to monolayer thickness. Combining the density‐functional theory (DFT), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), this work illustrates the origin of the PL mode and its correlation with Neel ordering, which can be attributed to the oxygen ion‐mediated states. Moreover, the PL strength can be further tuned and enhanced using ultraviolet‐ozone (UVO) treatment. The studies offer an effective approach to investigate light‐magnetic ordering interactions in 2D antiferromagnetic semiconductors.
Hybrid Integration of Deterministic Quantum Dot‐Based Single‐Photon Sources with CMOS‐Compatible Silicon Carbide Photonics
Authors: Zhu Yifan , Wei Wenqi , Yi Ailun , Jin Tingting , Shen Chen , Wang Xudong , Zhou Liping , Wang Chengli , Ou Weiwen , Song Sannian , Wang Ting , Zhang Jianjun , Ou Xin , Zhang Jiaxiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThin film 4H‐silicon carbide (4H‐SiC) is emerging as a contender for realizing large‐scale optical quantum circuits due to its high CMOS technology compatibility and large optical nonlinearities. Though, challenges remain in producing wafer‐scale 4H‐SiC thin film on insulator (4H‐SiCOI) for dense integration of photonic circuits, and in efficient coupling of deterministic quantum emitters that are essential for scalable quantum photonics. Here, hybrid integration of self‐assembled InGaAs quantum dot (QD)‐based single‐photon sources (SPSs) with wafer‐scale 4H‐SiC photonic chips prepared by ion slicing technique is demonstrated. By designing a bilayer vertical coupler, generation and highly efficient routing of single‐photon emission in the hybrid quantum photonic chip are realized. Furthermore, a chip‐integrated beamsplitter operation for triggered single photons through fabricating a 1 × 2 multimode interferometer (MMI) with a symmetric power splitting ratio of 50:50 is realized. The successful demonstration of heterogeneously integrating QD‐based SPSs on 4H‐SiC photonic chip prepared by ion slicing technique constitutes an important step toward CMOS‐compatible, fast reconfigurable quantum photonic circuits with deterministic SPSs.
Jackfruit Starch Based Blends with Polyvinylpyrrolidone: Preparation, Structural Characterization, and Biodegradable Properties
Authors: Pokhrel Shanta , Limbu Shova Kumari , Subedi Subhangi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStarch is extracted from the seeds of ripen jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) cultivated in Nepal by treating with distilled water and alkali solution. The properties of extracted starch are evaluated by measuring ash content, moisture content, and amylose content. A series of starch‐based biodegradable blends with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are prepared through solution casting method and their biodegradable properties are studied. The blend is characterized by thickness measurement, water solubility test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), optical microscopy, and biodegradability test. The thickness measurement shows the linear increase in thickness of the blend with the addition of starch. The water solubility test reveals the higher solubility of PVP in water than that of the starch. FTIR spectra of PVP/thermoplastic starch (PVP/TPS) blends exhibit the existence of relevant functional groups of both starch and PVP, the peaks shifting, and the change in nature of the peaks after degradation. Optical microscopy reveals the nonuniform dispersion of starch particles in the PVP matrix and the appearance of holes and fractures in composite subjected to compost soil for degradation. The biodegradability study proves that the loading of starch to PVP accelerates the degradation process.
Highlighting the Dystonic Phenotype Related to GNAO1
Authors: Wirth Thomas , Garone Giacomo , Kurian Manju A. , Piton Amélie , Millan Francisca , Telegrafi Aida , Drouot Nathalie , Rudolf Gabrielle , Chelly Jamel , Marks Warren , Burglen Lydie , Demailly Diane , Coubes Phillipe , Castro‐Jimenez Mayte , Joriot Sylvie , Ghoumid Jamal , Belin Jérémie , Faucheux Jean‐Marc , Blumkin Lubov , Hull Mariam , Parnes Mered , Ravelli Claudia , Poulen Gaëtan , Calmels Nadège , Nemeth Andrea H. , Smith Martin , Barnicoat Angela , Ewenczyk Claire , Méneret Aurélie , Roze Emmanuel , Keren Boris , Mignot Cyril , Beroud Christophe , Acosta Fernando , Nowak Catherine , Wilson William G. , Steel Dora , Capuano Alessandro , Vidailhet Marie , Lin Jean‐Pierre , Tranchant Christine , Cif Laura , Doummar Diane , Anheim Mathieu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMost reported patients carrying GNAO1 mutations showed a severe phenotype characterized by early‐onset epileptic encephalopathy and/or chorea.ObjectiveThe aim was to characterize the clinical and genetic features of patients with mild GNAO1‐related phenotype with prominent movement disorders.MethodsWe included patients diagnosed with GNAO1‐related movement disorders of delayed onset (>2 years). Patients experiencing either severe or profound intellectual disability or early‐onset epileptic encephalopathy were excluded.ResultsTwenty‐four patients and 1 asymptomatic subject were included. All patients showed dystonia as prominent movement disorder. Dystonia was focal in 1, segmental in 6, multifocal in 4, and generalized in 13. Six patients showed adolescence or adulthood‐onset dystonia. Seven patients presented with parkinsonism and 3 with myoclonus. Dysarthria was observed in 19 patients. Mild and moderate ID were present in 10 and 2 patients, respectively.ConclusionWe highlighted a mild GNAO1‐related phenotype, including adolescent‐onset dystonia, broadening the clinical spectrum of this condition. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Fatty acid feedstocks enable a highly efficient glyoxylate‐TCA cycle for high‐yield production of β‐alanine
Authors: Miao Yingchun , Liu Jiao , Wang Xuanlin , Liu Bo , Liu Weifeng , Tao Yong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMetabolic engineering to produce tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle‐derived chemicals is usually associated with problems of low production yield and impaired cellular metabolism. In this work, we found that fatty acid (FA) feedstocks could enable high‐yield production of TCA cycle‐derived chemicals, while maintaining an efficient and balanced metabolic flux of the glyoxylate‐TCA cycle, which is favorable for both product synthesis and cell growth. Here, we designed a novel synthetic pathway for production of β‐alanine, an important TCA cycle‐derived product, from FAs with a high theortecial yield of 1.391 g/g. By introducing panD, improving aspA, and knocking out iclR, glyoxylate shunt was highly activated in FAs and the yield of β‐alanine reached 0.71 g/g from FAs, much higher than from glucose. Blocking the TCA cycle at icd/sucA/fumAC nodes could increase β‐alanine yield in a flask cultivation, but severely reduced cell growth and FA utilization during fed‐batch processes. Replenishing oxaloacetate by knocking out aspC and recovering fumAC could restore the growth and lead to a titer of 35.57 g/l. After relieving the oxidative stress caused by FA metabolism, β‐alanine production could reach 72.05 g/l with a maximum yield of 1.24 g/g, about 86% of the theoretical yield. Our study thus provides a promising strategy for the production of TCA cycle‐derived chemicals.
Modeling and electromechanical performance analysis of polyvinylidene difluoride/textile‐system for energy harvesting from the human body toward a novel class of self‐powered sensors
Authors: boutaldat Meriem , Chakhchaoui Nabil , Eddiai Adil , Meddad Mounir , Cherkaoui Omar , Rguiti Mohamed , Mazroui M'hamed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBecause batteries' ability to power portable and wireless devices is limited, a great deal of research has been conducted on energy harvesting technology as a self‐power source for portable devices. Harvesting mechanical energy from human motion is an attractive approach to obtaining green and renewable energy by converting wasted ambient energy to electrical power. Hence, integrating an energy harvester into shoes is among the most interesting possibilities for harvesting energy from the body. In this paper, we explore the effect of flexible substrate mechanical parameters on the energy harvesting capability of a flexible piezoelectric film. Analytical modeling and simulations of a smart structure composed by polyvinylidene fluoride film stuck on three different textiles substrates have been done to evaluate the ability of this approach to harvest energy and its application within shoes to transform mechanical energy generated by the foot while walking into electrical energy. The maximum harvested power of the polyvinylidene difluoride film under 200 N compressive force was found to be 5.37 μW on a Cotton textile, which is a potentially useful amount of energy.
Synthesis and characterization of sea urchin spike strengthened grape seed oil‐epoxy composite coating material
Authors: S. Rajendran , Yakkala Bhaskarrao , P. Jayaraman , L. Natrayan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigh toughness grape seed oil‐epoxy based composite coating material was prepared in this present study with sea urchin (Echinoidea) spike particle (SSP) for weather protection and insect repellent anti rusting coating applications. The main aim of this research was to study the effect of adding SSP along with grape seed oil in epoxy resin composite and their mechanical, thermal and barrier properties. The SSP used in this present study was prepared from marine waste dead sea‐urchin spikes using ball‐milling process. The prepared particles are then silane treated using aminosilane via acid hydrolysis. According to the results of the present study, the hardness values showed an increment of 7% for 4.0 vol% of SSP and 10 vol% of grape seed oil for composite designation EGS4. Similarly, the wear properties showed that the sp. wear rate and COF decreases up to 0.007 mm3/Nm and 0.51 for composite designation EGS4. However, for 10 vol% of grape seed oil and 0.5 vol% minimum mechanical properties were observed. The better thermal stability was observed for composite designation EGS4 whereas the barrier properties increased with 10 vol% of grape seed oil and 0.5 vol% of SSP. Nevertheless it is noted that the addition of SSP reduces the oxygen permeability and marginally increased the water permeability. These mechanically, thermally and barrier properties strengthened epoxy bio composite coating materials could be used in food packaging, medical and household product making applications.
The utility of pathologic examination and comprehensive phenotyping for accurate diagnosis with perinatal exome sequencing
Authors: Swanson Kate , Norton Mary E. , Lianoglou Billie R. , Jelin Angie C. , Hodoglugil Ugur , Van Ziffle Jessica , Devine Patrick , Sparks Teresa N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveExome sequencing (ES) offers the ability to assess for variants in thousands of genes and is particularly useful in the setting of fetal anomalies. However, the ES pipeline relies on a thorough understanding of an individual patient's phenotype, which may be limited in the prenatal setting. Additional pathology evaluations in the pre‐ and postnatal settings can add phenotypic details important for clearly establishing and characterizing a diagnosis.MethodsThis is a case series of prenatal ES performed at our institution in which pathology evaluations, including autopsy, dysmorphology examination, histology, and peripheral blood smear, augmented the understanding of the fetal phenotype. ES was performed at our institution and a multidisciplinary panel reviewed and classified the variants for each case.ResultsWe present four cases wherein pathology evaluations were beneficial for supporting a perinatal diagnosis identified with ES. In each of these cases, pathology findings provided additional data to support a more complete understanding of the relationship between the perinatal phenotype and variants identified with ES.ConclusionThese cases highlight challenges of perinatal ES related to incomplete prenatal phenotyping, demonstrate the utility of pathology evaluations to support diagnoses identified with ES, and further characterize the disease manifestations of specific genetic variants.
29‐Plex tandem mass tag mass spectrometry enabling accurate quantification by interference correction
Authors: Sun Huan , Poudel Suresh , Vanderwall David , Lee Dong Geun , Li Yuxin , Peng Junmin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry is a mainstream isobaric chemical labeling strategy for profiling proteomes. Here we present a 29‐plex TMT method to combine the 11‐plex and 18‐plex labeling strategies. The 29‐plex method was examined with a pooled sample composed of 1×, 3×, and 10× Escherichia coli peptides with 100× human background peptides, which generated two E. coli datasets (TMT11 and TMT18), displaying the distorted ratios of 1.0:1.7:4.2 and 1.0:1.8:4.9, respectively. This ratio compression from the expected 1:3:10 ratios was caused by co‐isolated TMT‐labeled ions (i.e., noise). Interestingly, the mixture of two TMT sets produced MS/MS spectra with unique features for the noise detection: (i) in TMT11‐labeled spectra, TMT18‐specific reporter ions (e.g., 135N) were shown as the noise; (ii) in TMT18‐labeled spectra, the TMT11/TMT18‐shared reporter ions (e.g., 131C) typically exhibited higher intensities than TMT18‐specific reporter ions, due to contaminated TMT11‐labeled ions in these shared channels. We further estimated the noise levels contributed by both TMT11‐ and TMT18‐labeled peptides, and corrected reporter ion intensities in every spectrum. Finally, the anticipated 1:3:10 ratios were largely restored. This strategy was also validated using another 29‐plex sample with 1:5 ratios. Thus the 29‐plex method expands the TMT throughput and enhances the quantitative accuracy.
Comparison of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation and bubble CPAP with an in‐line high‐frequency interrupter in a premature infant lung model
Authors: Rub David M. , Sivieri Emidio M. , Abbasi Soraya , Sieberlich William , Eichenwald Eric C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionNoninvasive ventilation has become a staple in the care of premature infants. However, failure rates continue to be high in this population. Modifications to noninvasive support, such as nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), are used clinically to reduce such failure. Previous in vitro studies have shown improved CO2 clearance when superimposing high‐frequency oscillations onto bubble continuous positive airway pressure (BCPAP).ObjectiveTo compare the CO2 clearance of NIPPV to BCPAP with an in‐line high‐frequency interrupter (HFI) in a premature infant lung model.MethodsA premature infant lung model was connected to either a Dräger VN500 for delivery of NIPPV or a BCPAP device with superimposed high‐frequency oscillations generated by an in‐line HFI. Change in end‐tidal CO2 (ETCO2) and mean airway pressure at the simulated trachea were measured and compared for both noninvasive modalities.ResultsSuperimposing HF oscillations onto BCPAP with an in‐line HFI resulted in improved CO2 clearance relative to BCPAP alone for all tested oscillation frequencies at all CPAP levels (p < 0.001). NIPPV also resulted in improved CO2 clearance relative to nasal CPAP (NCPAP) alone (p < 0.001). Among the tested settings, BCPAP with an in‐line HFI resulted in decreased ETCO2 relative to BCPAP ranging from –14% to –36%, while NIPPV resulted in decreased ETCO2 relative to NCPAP ranging from –2% to –12%.ConclusionSuperimposing high‐frequency oscillations onto BCPAP using a novel in‐line HFI was found to be more effective at clearing CO2 than NIPPV in a premature infant lung model.
Ca2+ attenuates nucleation activity of leiomodin
Authors: Smith Garry E. , Tolkatchev Dmitri , Risi Cristina , Little Madison , Gregorio Carol C. , Galkin Vitold E. , Kostyukova Alla S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA transient increase in Ca2+ concentration in sarcomeres is essential for their proper function. Ca2+ drives striated muscle contraction via binding to the troponin complex of the thin filament to activate its interaction with the myosin thick filament. In addition to the troponin complex, the myosin essential light chain and myosin‐binding protein C were also found to be Ca2+ sensitive. However, the effects of Ca2+ on the function of the tropomodulin family proteins involved in regulating thin filament formation have not yet been studied. Leiomodin, a member of the tropomodulin family, is an actin nucleator and thin filament elongator. Using pyrene‐actin polymerization assay and transmission electron microscopy, we show that the actin nucleation activity of leiomodin is attenuated by Ca2+. Using circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the mostly disordered, negatively charged region of leiomodin located between its first two actin‐binding sites binds Ca2+. We propose that Ca2+ binding to leiomodin results in the attenuation of its nucleation activity. Our data provide further evidence regarding the role of Ca2+ as an ultimate regulator of the ensemble of sarcomeric proteins essential for muscle function.Summary StatementCa2+ fluctuations in striated muscle sarcomeres modulate contractile activity via binding to several distinct families of sarcomeric proteins. The effects of Ca2+ on the activity of leiomodin—an actin nucleator and thin filament length regulator—have remained unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that Ca2+ binds directly to leiomodin and attenuates its actin nucleating activity. Our data emphasizes the ultimate role of Ca2+ in the regulation of the sarcomeric protein interactions.