bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pretreatment Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Radiomics for Prediction of Pathological Regression Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Preliminary Multicenter Study
Authors: Xie Kun , Cui Yanfen , Zhang Dafu , He Weiyang , He Yinfu , Gao Depei , Zhang Zhiping , Dong Xingxiang , Yang Guangjun , Dai Youguo , Li Zhenhui 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundSensitivity to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer patients varies; however, an effective predictive marker is currently lacking. We aimed to propose and validate a practical treatment efficacy prediction method based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) radiomics.MethodData of l24 locally advanced gastric carcinoma patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy were acquired retrospectively between December 2012 and August 2020 from three different cancer centers. In total, 1216 radiomics features were initially extracted from each lesion’s pretreatment portal venous phase computed tomography image. Subsequently, a radiomics predictive model was constructed using machine learning software. Clinicopathological data and radiological parameters of the enrolled patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to screen for independent predictive indices. Finally, we developed an integrated model combining clinicopathological predictive parameters and radiomics features.ResultIn the training set, 10 (14.9%) patients achieved a good response (GR) after preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 77), whereas in the testing set, seven (17.5%) patients achieved a GR (n = 47). The radiomics predictive model showed competitive prediction efficacy in both the training and independent external validation sets. The areas under the curve (AUC) values were 0.827 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.609–1.000) and 0.854 (95% CI: 0.610–1.000), respectively. Similarly, when only the single hospital data were included as an independent external validation set (testing set 2), AUC values of the models were 0.827 (95% CI: 0.650–0.952) and 0.889 (95% CI: 0.663–1.000) in the training set and testing set 2, respectively.ConclusionOur study is the first to discover that CECT radiomics could provide powerful and consistent predictions of therapeutic sensitivity to neoadjuvant chemotherapy among gastric cancer patients across different hospitals.
Genomic Profiling of Chinese Cervical Cancer Patients Reveals Prevalence of DNA Damage Repair Gene Alterations and Related Hypoxia Feature
Authors: Wen Hao , Guo Qin-Hao , Zhou Xiao-Lan , Wu Xiao-Hua , Li Jin 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundCervical cancer is responsible for 10–15% of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. In China, it is the most common cancer in the female genital tract. However, the genomic profiles of Chinese cervical cancer patients remain unclear.Materials and MethodsA total of 129 cervical cancer patients were enrolled in this study (113 squamous, 12 adenocarcinoma, 2 adenosquamous, and 2 neuroendocrine carcinoma). To classify the clinical features and molecular characteristics of cervical cancer, the genomic alterations of 618 selected genes were analyzed in the samples of these patients, utilizing target next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Furthermore, the findings from the Chinese cohort were then compared with the data of Western patients downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, in terms of gene expression files, mutation data, and clinical information.ResultsAll studied patients had valid somatic gene alterations, and the most frequently altered genes were PIK3C, TP53, FBXW7, ARID1A, ERBB2, and PTEN. Comparison of genomic profiling showed significantly different prevalence of genes, including TP53, KMT2C, and RET, between the Chinese and the TCGA cohorts. Moreover, 57 patients (44.19%) with 83 actionable alterations were identified in our cohort, especially in PI3K and DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways. After an in-depth analysis of cervical cancer data from the TCGA cohort, DDR alteration was found to be associated with extremely higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) (median mutation count: 149.5 vs 66, p &lt;0.0001), and advanced stages (p &lt;0.05). Additionally, DDR alteration, regardless of its function, was positively correlated with hypoxia feature and score. Moreover, patients with a high hypoxia score were positively correlated with a high abundance of mast cell resting, but lower abundance of CD8+ T cells and activated mast cell. Finally, CDHR5 was identified as the hub gene to be involved in the DDR–hypoxia network, which was negatively correlated with both the DDR alteration and hypoxia score.ConclusionsOverall, a unique genomic profiling of Chinese patients with cervical cancer was uncovered. Besides, the prevalent actionable variants, especially in PI3K and DDR pathways, would help promote the clinical management. Moreover, DDR alteration exerted the significant influence on the tumor microenvironment in cervical cancer, which could guide the clinical decisions for the treatment. CDHR5 was the first identified hub gene to be negatively correlated with DDR or hypoxia in cervical cancer, which had potential effects on the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
Prognostic Impact of An Integrative Landscape of Clinical, Immune, and Molecular Features in Non-Metastatic Rectal Cancer
Authors: Iseas Soledad , Sendoya Juan M. , Robbio Juan , Coraglio Mariana , Kujaruk Mirta , Mikolaitis Vanesa , Rizzolo Mariana , Cabanne Ana , Ruiz Gonzalo , Salanova Rubén , Gualdrini Ubaldo , Méndez Guillermo , Antelo Marina , Carballido Marcela , Rotondaro Cecilia , Viglino Julieta , Eleta Martín , Di Sibio Alejandro , Podhajcer Osvaldo L. , Roca Enrique , Llera Andrea S. , Golubicki Mariano , Abba Martín Carlos 
Published: January 2022

Rectal Cancer (RC) is a complex disease that involves highly variable treatment responses. Currently, there is a lack of reliable markers beyond TNM to deliver a personalized treatment in a cancer setting where the goal is a curative treatment. Here, we performed an integrated characterization of the predictive and prognostic role of clinical features, mismatch-repair deficiency markers, HER2, CDX2, PD-L1 expression, and CD3−CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) coupled with targeted DNA sequencing of 76 non-metastatic RC patients assigned to total mesorectal excision upfront (TME; n = 15) or neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy treatment (nCRT; n = 61) followed by TME. Eighty-two percent of RC cases displayed mutations affecting cancer driver genes such as TP53, APC, KRAS, ATM, and PIK3CA. Good response to nCRT treatment was observed in approximately 40% of the RC cases, and poor pathological tumor regression was significantly associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS, HR = 3.45; 95%CI = 1.14–10.4; p = 0.028). High neutrophils-platelets score (NPS) (OR = 10.52; 95%CI=1.34–82.6; p = 0.025) and KRAS mutated cases (OR = 5.49; 95%CI = 1.06–28.4; p = 0.042) were identified as independent predictive factors of poor response to nCRT treatment in a multivariate analysis. Furthermore, a Cox proportional-hazard model showed that the KRAS mutational status was an independent prognostic factor associated with higher risk of local recurrence (HR = 9.68; 95%CI = 1.01–93.2; p &lt;0.05) and shorter DFS (HR = 2.55; 95%CI = 1.05–6.21; p &lt;0.05), while high CEA serum levels were associated with poor DFS (HR = 2.63; 95%CI = 1.01–6.85; p &lt;0.05). Integrated clinical and molecular-based unsupervised analysis allowed us to identify two RC prognostic groups (cluster 1 and cluster 2) associated with disease-specific OS (HR = 20.64; 95%CI = 2.63–162.2; p &lt;0.0001), metastasis-free survival (HR = 3.67; 95%CI = 1.22–11; p = 0.012), local recurrence-free survival (HR = 3.34; 95%CI = 0.96–11.6; p = 0.043) and worse DFS (HR = 2.68; 95%CI = 1.18–6.06; p = 0.012). The worst prognosis cluster 2 was enriched by stage III high-risk clinical tumors, poor responders to nCRT, with low TILs density and high frequency of KRAS and TP53 mutated cases compared with the best prognosis cluster 1 (p &lt;0.05). Overall, this study provides a comprehensive and integrated characterization of non-metastatic RC cases as a new insight to deliver a personalized therapeutic approach.
The Structure and Dynamics of Modern United States Federal Case Law
Authors: Adusumilli Keerthi , Brown Bradford , Harrison Joey , Koehler Matthew , Kutarnia Jason , Michel Shaun , Olivier Max , Pfeifer Craig , Slater Zoryanna , Thompson William , Vetter Dianna , Zacharowicz Renee 
Published: January 2022

The structure and dynamics of modern United States Federal Case Law are examined here. The analyses utilize large-scale network analysis tools, natural language processing techniques, and information theory to examine all the federal opinions in the Court Listener database, containing approximately 1.3 million judicial opinions and 11.4 million citations. The analyses are focused on modern United States Federal Case Law, as cases in the Court Listener database range from approximately 1926–2020 and include most Federal jurisdictions. We examine the data set from a structural perspective using the citation network, overall and by time and space (jurisdiction). In addition to citation structure, we examine the dataset from a topical and information theoretic perspective, again, overall and by time and space.
The Evolution of Lateral Dose Distributions of Helium Ion Beams in Air: From Measurement and Modeling to Their Impact on Treatment Planning
Authors: Besuglow Judith , Tessonnier Thomas , Kopp Benedikt , Mein Stewart , Mairani Andrea 
Published: January 2022

To start clinical trials with the first clinical treatment planning system supporting raster-scanned helium ion therapy, a comprehensive database of beam characteristics and parameters was required for treatment room-specific beam physics modeling at the Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT). At six different positions in the air gap along the beam axis, lateral beam profiles were systematically measured for 14 initial beam energies covering the full range of available energies at HIT. The 2D-array of liquid-filled ionization chambers OCTAVIUS from PTW was irradiated by a pencil beam focused at the central axis. With a full geometric representation of HIT’s monitoring chambers and beamline elements in FLUKA, our Monte Carlo beam model matches the measured lateral beam profiles. A second set of measurements with the detector placed in a water tank was used to validate the adjustments of the initial beam parameters assumed in the FLUKA simulation. With a deviation between simulated and measured profiles below ±0.8 mm for all investigated beam energies, the simulated profiles build part of the database for the first clinical treatment planning system for helium ions. The evolution of beamwidth was also compared to similar simulations of the clinically available proton and carbon beam. This allows a choice of treatment modality based on quantitative estimates of the physical beam properties. Finally, we investigated the influence of beamwidth variation on patient treatment plans in order to estimate the relevance and necessary precision limits for lateral beam width models.
The Systolic and Diastolic Cardiac Function of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Evaluation of Left Ventricular Strain and Torsion Using Conventional and Speckle Tracking Echocardiography
Authors: Yang Qing-mei , Fang Jian-xiu , Chen Xiao-yan , Lv Hong , Kang Chun-song 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to quantify left ventricular (LV) myocardial strain and torsion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate their systolic and diastolic function using conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography.Methods: Forty-seven patients with T2DM were divided into a group without microvascular complications (the DM A group) and a group with microvascular complications (the DM B group), while another 27 healthy participants acted as the control group. All the participants had had an echocardiography examination. All the original data were imported into EchoPAC workstation for the analysis and quantification of LV strain and torsion.Results: Compared with the control group, the LV end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and ejection fraction of the DM A and DM B groups showed no significant differences, but the global longitudinal strain and the global circular strain were reduced in the DM B group. There were significant differences in the left ventricular relative wall thickness (RWT), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), the early mitral valvular blood flow velocity peak/left ventricular sidewall mitral annulus late peak velocity, left ventricular sidewall mitral annulus early peak velocity/left ventricular sidewall mitral annulus late peak velocity, isovolumic relaxation time, peak twisting, peak untwisting velocity (PUV), untwisting rate (UntwR), time peak twisting velocity (TPTV), and time peak untwisting velocity (TPUV) between the DM A, DM B, and control groups. While the peak twisting velocity (PTV) was slower in the DM B group compared with the control group, the RWT, PTV, PUV, UntwR, TPTV, and TPUV in the DM B group were significantly different from the DM A group.Conclusion: The cardiac function of patients with T2DM in its early stages, when there are no microvascular complications, could be monitored with the analysis of two-dimensional strain and torsion.
Change in Work-Related Income Following the Uptake of Treatment for Mental Disorders Among Young Migrant and Non-migrant Women in Norway: A National Register Study
Authors: Hynek Kamila Angelika , Hollander Anna-Clara , Liefbroer Aart C. , Hauge Lars Johan , Straiton Melanie Lindsay 
Published: January 2022

Background: Women, and migrant women in particular, are at increased risk of many common mental disorders, which may potentially impact their labor market participation and their work-related income. Previous research found that mental disorders are associated with several work-related outcomes such as loss of income, however, not much is known about how this varies with migrant background. This study investigated the change in work-related income following the uptake of outpatient mental healthcare (OPMH) treatment, a proxy for mental disorder, in young women with and without migrant background. Additionally, we looked at how the association varied by income level.Methods: Using data from four national registries, the study population consisted of women aged 23–40 years residing in Norway for at least three consecutive years between 2006 and 2013 (N = 640,527). By using a stratified linear regression with individual fixed effects, we investigated differences between majority women, descendants and eight migrant groups. Interaction analysis was conducted in order to examine differences in income loss following the uptake of OPMH treatment among women with and without migrant background.Results: Results showed that OPMH treatment was associated with a decrease in income for all groups. However, the negative effect was stronger among those with low income. Only migrant women from Western and EU Eastern Europe with a high income were not significantly affected following OPMH treatment.Conclusion: Experiencing a mental disorder during a critical age for establishment in the labor market can negatively affect not only income, but also future workforce participation, and increase dependency on social welfare services and other health outcomes, regardless of migrant background. Loss of income due to mental disorders can also affect future mental health, resulting in a vicious circle and contributing to more inequalities in the society.
Intradural Extramedullary Nerve Sheath Myxoma of the Cervical Spine: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Xu Fangfang , Jin Ying , Li Qian , Dong Fei , Lu Liangji , Cui Qingfeng , Wang Chao 
Published: January 2022

Background: Nerve sheath myxoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor. Intraspinal nerve sheath myxomas are rare. Only 8 cases of intraspinal nerve sheath myxoma have been reported to date, and no case of nerve sheath myxoma has been reported in the cervical spinal canal. Herein, we reported the first case of intradural extramedullary nerve sheath myxoma in the cervical spinal canal of a 57-year-old man, including its complete clinical course and radiological findings.Case Presentation: A 57-year-old male patient presented with numbness in his left finger without any obvious inducement for 3 years. CT and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine were performed. Based on the radiological examinations, a diagnosis of schwannoma was initially made. However, nerve sheath myxoma was finally confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Complete tumor excision at the C1-2 level was performed. Then, the patient recovered well, and the numbness of his left finger disappeared during the later follow-up after the surgery.Conclusion: Nerve sheath myxoma should receive diagnostic consideration for an extramedullary subdural lesion that is a clear boundary mass characterized by isointensity on T1-weighted images, heterogeneous intensity on T2-weighted images, obvious peripheral enhancement, and a growing tendency toward the intervertebral foramen.
Efficacy and Safety of Preoperative vs. Intraoperative Computed Tomography-Guided Lung Tumor Localization: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fang Hsin-Yueh , Chen Kuei-An , Wen Yu-Wen , Wen Chih-Tsung , Pan Kuang-Tse , Chiu Chien-Hung , Hsieh Ming-Ju , Chao Yin-Kai 
Published: January 2022

Background: Thoracoscopic removal of small pulmonary nodules is traditionally accomplished through a two-step approach—with lesion localization in a CT suite as the first step followed by lesion removal in an operating room as the second step. While the advent of hybrid operating rooms (HORs) has fostered our ability to offer a more patient-tailored approach that allows simultaneous localization and removal of small pulmonary nodules within a single-step, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the two techniques (two- vs. single-step) are still lacking.Methods: This is a RCT conducted in an academic hospital in Taiwan between October 2018 and December 2019. To compare the outcomes of traditional two-step preoperative CT-guided small pulmonary nodule localization followed by lesion removal vs. single-step intraoperative CT-guided lesion localization with simultaneous removal performed by a dedicated team of thoracic surgeons. The analysis was conducted in an intention-to-treat fashion. The primary study endpoint was the time required for lesion localization. Secondary endpoints included radiation doses, other procedural time indices, and complication rates.Results: A total of 24 and 25 patients who received the single- and two-step approach, respectively, were included in the final analysis. The time required for lesion localization was significantly shorter for patients who underwent the single-step procedure (median: 13 min) compared with the two step-procedure (median: 32 min, p &lt; 0.001). Similarly, the radiation dose was significantly lower for the former than the latter (median: 5.64 vs. 10.65 mSv, respectively, p = 0.001).Conclusions: The single-step procedure performed in a hybrid operating room resulted in a simultaneous reduction of both localization procedural time and radiation exposure.
Management of Deleterious Effect of Fusarium oxysporum Associated with Red Palm Weevil Infestation of Date Palm Trees
Authors: Ziedan El-Sayed H. E. , Hashem Mohamed , Mostafa Yasser S. , Alamri Saad 
Published: January 2022

Red palm weevil (RPW) is a dangerous pest that infects the date palm tree and makes tunnels in the tree’s trunk. RPW infection is followed by secondary invaders of microorganisms that cause degradation of the trunk tissues leading to toppling the crown and death of the tree in a short time. This study showed that Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. was the common fungal species isolated from the root and trunk tissues of the date trees infested with RPW, which recorded 100% of frequency. Pathogenicity of 4 isolates of F. oxysporum was confirmed on date palm seeds and seedlings. The results confirmed that all isolates involved in rot of the germinated seeds (40–100% incidence), root rot, and death of palm seedlings (20–100%) under artificial infection as well as degradation of date palm petioles. Application of 20 L/palm of systemic fungicide (Topsin) at 1% as foliar and soil drench of date palm for successive three times successfully reduced development of the deterioration and suppressed the growth of F. oxysporum. Interestingly this fungicide did not suppress the growth of Trichoderma viride Pers. So, our results recommend this fungicide to suppress the pathological and degradable activities of F. oxysporum during the integrated pest management of RPW on date palm trees.
A NAC Transcription Factor TuNAC69 Contributes to ANK-NLR-WRKY NLR-Mediated Stripe Rust Resistance in the Diploid Wheat Triticum urartu
Authors: Xu Yang , Zou Shenghao , Zeng Hao , Wang Wei , Wang Bin , Wang Huan , Tang Dingzhong 
Published: January 2022

Stripe rust is one of the most devastating diseases in wheat. Nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain receptors (NLRs) recognize pathogenic effectors and trigger plant immunity. We previously identified a unique NLR protein YrU1 in the diploid wheat Triticum urartu, which contains an N-terminal ANK domain and a C-terminal WRKY domain and confers disease resistance to stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici (Pst). However, how YrU1 functions in disease resistance is not clear. In this study, through the RNA-seq analysis, we found that the expression of a NAC member TuNAC69 was significantly up-regulated after inoculation with Pst in the presence of YrU1. TuNAC69 was mainly localized in the nucleus and showed transcriptional activation in yeast. Knockdown TuNAC69 in diploid wheat Triticum urartu PI428309 that contains YrU1 by virus-induced gene silencing reduced the resistance to stripe rust. In addition, overexpression of TuNAC69 in Arabidopsis enhanced the resistance to powdery mildew Golovinomyces cichoracearum. In summary, our study indicates that TuNAC69 participates in the immune response mediated by NLR protein YrU1, and likely plays an important role in disease resistance to other pathogens.
Study on the Motion Stability of the Autonomous Underwater Helicopter
Authors: Lin Yuan , Guo Jin , Li Haonan , Zhu Hai , Huang Haocai , Chen Ying 
Published: January 2022

The hydrodynamic performance of a novel hovering autonomous underwater vehicle, the autonomous underwater helicopter (AUH), with an original disk-shaped hull (HG1) and an improved fore–aft asymmetric hull (HG3), is investigated by means of computational fluid dynamics with the adoption of overlapping mesh method. The hydrodynamic performance of the two hull shapes in surge motion with variation of the angle of attack is compared. The results show that HG3 has less resistance and higher motion stability compared to HG1. With the angle of attack reaching 10 degrees, both HG1 and HG3 achieve the maximum lift-to-drag ratio, which is higher for HG3 compared to HG1. Furthermore, based on the numerical simulation of the plane motion mechanism test (PMM) and according to Routh’s stability criterion, the horizontal movement and vertical movement stability indexes of HG1 and HG3 (GHHG1=1.0, GVHG1=49.7, GHHG2=1.0, GVHG3=2.1) are obtained, which further show that the AUH has better vertical movement stability than the torpedo-shaped AUV. Furthermore, the scale model tail velocity experiment indirectly shows that HG3 has better hydrodynamic performance than HG1.