bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on the cannibalism behaviour and predation of the larvae of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)
Authors: Mbuji Amosi Leonard , Gong Xueyan , Li Fen , Yang Lei , Shi Xueyan , Peng Zhengqiang , Zhang Ying , Wu Shaoying 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCannibalism behaviour in the Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is among of liming factor for mass production of the larvae for laboratory experiment. To understand the change of cannibalism, larvae of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd were used to study cannibalism they were put on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th larvae growth stages in a density of 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70. In this study, the results showed that the functional response of the 3rd ‐5th instar larvae to the 2nd larvae and the 4th–5th instar larvae to the 3rd larvae and 5th and 6th instar larvae to the 4th larvae fitted well with the Holling II mode. The maximum predation of the 3rd‐5th instar larvae on the 2nd instar larvae were 27.17, 74.63, and 232.6 respectively, the maximum predation of the 4th–5th instar larvae on the 3rd instar larvae were 76.92 and 11.82 respectively, and the maximum predation of the 5th–6th instar larvae on the 4th instar larvae were 15.83 and 10.40. The predation of the older larvae to the younger larvae increased with the increase of the density of the younger larvae. This research aims at selecting the minimum number of larvae that will be effective and sustainable for laboratory experiments and minimizing the development of cannibalism in S. frugiperda, reduces crowding for larvae management and promoting healthy larvae. This study provides a pavement of managing larvae ensuring massive indoor larvae rearing to reduce the challenge of inadequate larva for the experiment.
Health‐beneficial aroma and taste compounds in a newly developed kombucha using a Huanglongbing‐tolerant mandarin hybrid
Authors: Kim Dongjoo , Wang Yu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHuanglongbing (HLB) is a destructive citrus greening disease; no commercially applicable measures exist. ‘LB8‐9’ Sugar Belle® (SB), originally developed for the fresh market, is the most HLB‐tolerant cultivar among commercially available varieties. Due to the limited capacity of the fresh fruit market, there is a need to increase the demand for SB juice. Kombucha is a fermented tea beverage with black tea and sugar, and is considered a healthy drink with an increasing market. Therefore, we aim to study the potential of using SB juice in kombucha production. Regular (black tea with no citrus juice added), Hamlin (black tea with Hamlin juice added), and SB kombucha (black tea with SB juice added) were prepared and analyzed to observe the composition of aroma and taste compounds in the kombuchas. Aroma and taste compounds in the kombuchas were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/olfactometry and liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, respectively. For aroma compounds, SB kombucha was characterized by high concentrations of terpenes and their derivatives, which have mandarin‐like aroma characteristics and health benefits such as antidiabetic and antioxidant effects. For taste compounds, SB kombucha contained higher amount of fructose and organic acids, which have the potential to increase the intensity of sweetness and sourness, and flavonoids. This would support the potential benefits of using SB to make kombucha. This study provides valuable information about the aroma and taste compounds in SB kombucha and its potential health benefits, compared with regular and Hamlin kombucha.Practical ApplicationThis experiment provided valuable information on the elevated aroma and taste compounds, their potential health benefits, and the changes of those compounds during kombucha fermentation in ‘LB8‐9’ Sugar Belle® kombucha, compared to regular and Hamlin kombucha. In the absence of an effective cure or therapy for HLB, this can be the first step for developing alternative citrus product to help the citrus industry mitigate the negative impacts from HLB.
Rituximab on lung, skin, and joint involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis: A case series study and review of the literature
Authors: Yarkan Tuğsal Handan , Zengin Berrin , Kenar Gökçe , Önen Fatoş , Birlik Merih 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of rituximab (RTX) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients.MethodsData were collected from patient charts before and after RTX administration for 1 year of follow‐up time. An updated review of the literature was also done.ResultsOf 8 patients enrolled (mean age: 62.4 years; mean disease duration: 16.7 years), 2 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) died after the first RTX cycle. The follow‐up data of the remaining 6 patients were evaluated. There was a significant improvement in arthritis of Disease Activity Score of 28 joints – C‐reactive protein and Clinical Disease Activity Index compared with baseline. The median change in modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS), forced vital capacity (FVC), and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity between baseline and 12 months were similar. Lung involvement was detected in 5/6 of survivor patients, FVC was improved in 2/5, worsened in 1/5, and remained stable in 2/5 at the end of 1 year. Among the 5 diffuse cutaneous SSc patients, none of the patients’ mRSS deteriorated by more than 5 points, while one patient's mRSS improved by greater than 5 points.ConclusionThis study suggests that RTX is effective for arthritis in patients with SSc. Also, the effectiveness of RTX in skin and lung involvement of SSc was predominantly toward stable disease or improvement. Despite the long disease duration, the presence of patients who showed improvement in skin and lung involvement after RTX treatment suggests the need to investigate predictors of RTX response.
Should platforms be allowed to sell on their own marketplaces?
Authors: Hagiu Andrei , Teh Tat‐How , Wright Julian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA growing number of digital platforms operate in a dual mode: running marketplaces for third‐party products, while selling their own products on those marketplaces. We build a model to explore the implications of this controversial practice. We analyze the tradeoffs that arise from a regulatory ban on the dual mode, showing how such a ban can harm consumer surplus and welfare even when the platform would otherwise engage in product imitation and self‐preferencing. In the empirically most relevant scenarios, policies that prevent platform imitation and self‐preferencing generate better outcomes than an outright ban on the dual mode.
Ineffective health management in people with hypertension: Accuracy study
Authors: da Silva Ricardo Costa , de Lima Nathália Xavier , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , da Silva Viviane Martins , Cavalcante Agueda Maria Ruiz Zimmer 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeTo analyze the accuracy of the clinical indicators of the nursing diagnosis Ineffective Health Management in people with hypertension.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional diagnostic accuracy study. The ineffective health management was investigated in 120 people with hypertension in a referral public outpatient clinic in Brazil between August and November 2020. The accuracy measures were analyzed using Rasch analysis, considering the difficulty of clinical indicator and person's ability.ResultsIneffective health management is probably present in 37.5% of people with hypertension. ‘Failure to include treatment regimen in daily living’ was the clinical indicator with the highest sensitivity value, and ‘failure to take action to reduce risk factor’ had the highest specificity value.ConclusionsRasch analysis demonstrated that all clinical indicators contribute significantly to estimating the presence of ineffective health management in people with hypertension in the outpatient scenario.Implications for Nursing PracticeThis research contributes by providing accurate clinical indicators of ineffective health management, helping nurses prescribe and deliver the appropriate nursing interventions for people with hypertension by telenursing.
Can mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease be diagnosed by monitoring a miRNA triad in the blood?
Authors: Wei Zhuang‐Yao D. , Shetty Ashok K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectively diagnosing age‐related cognitive impairment (ACI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and early‐stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a difficult task, as most cognitive impairment is clinically established via questionnaires, history, and physical examinations. A recent study has suggested that monitoring a miRNA triad, miR‐181a‐5p, miR‐146a‐5p, and miR‐148a‐3p can identify ACI and its progression to MCI and AD (Islam et al., EMBO Mol Med. 13: e14997, 2021). This commentary deliberates findings from this article, such as elevated levels of the miRNA triad in the brain impairing neural plasticity and cognitive function, the efficiency of measuring the miRNA triad in the circulating blood diagnosing MCI and AD, and the promise for improving cognitive function in MCI and AD by inhibiting this miRNA triad. Additional studies required prior to employing this miRNA triad in clinical practice are also discussed.
Phylogenetic community structure and stable isotope analysis of the parasitoid community associated with Eastern spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferana(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Greyson‐Gaito Christopher J. , Dolson Sarah J. , Forbes Glen , Lamb Rosanna , MacKinnon Wayne E. , McCann Kevin S. , Smith M. Alex , Eveleigh Eldon S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEastern spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferanaClemens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a major pest of eastern North American forests. Outbreaks of spruce budworm occur every 30–40 years, causing high tree mortality.Researchers have established that higher proportions of hardwood trees within stands (higher hardwood content) may reduce the defoliation and mortality of balsam fir and spruces during spruce budworm outbreaks. One mechanism posited to explain these patterns is that hardwood trees positively impact the parasitoids of spruce budworm. Indeed, parasitism of spruce budworm by parasitoids has been found to be impacted by hardwood content. However, more research is needed to understand how hardwood content impacts the parasitoid community as a whole.In this study, we trialled the use of two analyses, phylogenetic community structure and stable isotope analysis, to examine how hardwood content influenced the parasitoid community associated with spruce budworm.We found that phylogenetic community structure differed between forest stands with different hardwood content. Furthermore, the trophic relationships between several parasitoids and caterpillars on balsam fir or hardwood trees changed within and between years.Our study highlights the potential of these two analyses for understanding how hardwood content influences the parasitoid community associated with spruce budworm.
Canopy cover and seasonality are associated with variation in native bee assemblages across a mixed pine‐juniper woodland
Authors: Davis Thomas Seth , Comai Nathan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pollinator community responses to changing conditions are a concern for ecosystem managers, but it remains poorly understood how shifts in forest structure impact pollinators across small scales. To address this, bee assemblages were sampled in arid woodland habitat in the southwestern United States (Colorado) to evaluate effects of canopy cover and seasonality on bee diversity and composition.
>2500 specimens were captured representing 5 families and 30 genera. Bee composition shifted seasonally; early‐season assemblages were predominated by Halictidae (Lasioglossum and Halictus); late‐season assemblages were predominated by Apidae.
More bees were captured in canopy gaps early‐season, but differences due to canopy openness declined by late‐season. Bee diversity was higher in open‐canopy sites and bee assemblage composition varied across canopy openness.
Low cover was positively associated with large‐bodied bees and negatively associated with solitary, polylectic ground‐nesting bees. Parasitic bee taxa were more abundant when the canopy was composed of pinyon pine; ponderosa pine‐dominant canopies were associated with large‐bodied bees with variable nesting habits.
We conclude that canopy cover and seasonality both predict abundance and diversity of bee assemblages in arid woodlands, and bee functional traits are responsive to canopy cover and dominant overstory species across small spatial scales.
Averting neonatal abstinence syndrome and treating addiction among rural, opioid‐using young women
Authors: Cooper Robert L. , Crosby Richard A. , Martin Peter R. , Edgerton Ryan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAmerica's opioid epidemic has spawned an epidemic of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Studies have not tested approaches to promoting contraceptive services for women with opioid use disorder (OUD) along with treatment for this disorder. This pilot study examined the promotion of medication for OUD (MOUD) treatment and contraception use, primarily long‐acting reversible contraception (LARC), for women with OUD.MethodsIn Appalachia, a peer‐delivered contraception and MOUD promotion intervention was delivered to a sample of 30 women with OUD. Primary outcomes were attendance of initial appointments to receive MOUD and counseling about contraceptive options. Peer recovery coaches also offered to help the women schedule appointments and attend the appointment with them or give them a ride if necessary and requested by the patients.ResultsTwo‐thirds experienced all seven symptoms of opioid dependence. Within 30 days of a brief counseling session, over one‐half of the women (56.7%) were referred to MOUD, with all of them initiating treatment within 30 days. Just under one‐half of the women (46.7%) were referred to a contraception consultation, with 85.7% of those receiving a LARC implant.Discussions and ConclusionsStudy findings indicate the potential efficacy of a single‐session, peer‐delivered counseling intervention for linking women with OUD and at high risk of unintended pregnancy to MOUD and to services that provide women with highly reliable contraceptives.Scientific SignificanceThis study is unique in exploring the efficacy of linking high‐risk opioid‐using women to contraceptive options and treatment for MOUD to prevent NAS.
Is empathy associated with more prosocial behaviour? A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yin Yingying , Wang Yong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmpathy is an important prerequisite for prosocial behaviour (PB). However, different concepts and methodological tools have been used in research on the relationship between empathy and PB, leading to ambiguous results. This study used a meta‐analysis to explore this relationship and to identify the moderating variables. After a literature search, 62 studies and 146 samples with 71,310 participants were included. Our random effects model revealed a positive correlation of PB with both cognitive empathy (r = .32) and affective empathy (r = .30). In addition, the relationship between empathy and PB is moderated by culture, publication type, education level, and empathy measures. Our conclusion is that there is a significant correlation between empathy and PB that is influenced by sample characteristics and methodological factors.
Group representation concerns and network formation
Authors: Melguizo Isabel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper studies processes of integration and segregation using a connections model in which individuals form valuable links that also entail a cost. Individuals belong to two different groups and care about whether their own group represents a sufficient fraction in their neighborhood. Concerns for representation promote the segregation of societies as even for small linking costs individuals do not link to different others because of the threat that their group becomes under‐represented. For certain cost ranges, concerns for representation also determine efficient networks because forming links with members of the opposite group entails a utility loss due to under‐representation.
Growth arrest‐specific transcript 5 represses endometrial cancer development by promoting antitumor function of tumor‐associated macrophages
Authors: Tu Jiajie , Tan Xuewen , Chen Yu , Chen Yu , Li Zhe , Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Xiaochun , Yang Huan , Chen He , Yu Zhiying 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe tumor‐suppressor role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest‐specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been proven in various types of cancer. However, the specific function of GAS5 in tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) of endometrial cancer (EC) is elusive. Quantitative PCR results showed that GAS5 expression decreased in EC tissues and primary TAMs from EC tumors. Tumor‐associated macrophage infiltration was significantly positively associated with the developmental stage of EC. Direct coculture of GAS5‐overexpressing TAMs and EC cells showed that GAS5 enhanced phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and activation of cytotoxic T cells, and repressed “Don’t eat me” signals between TAMs and EC cells. Tumor formation in immunodeficient mice showed that GAS5‐overexpressing macrophages could repress EC formation in vivo. GAS5 promoted M1 polarization by activating the microRNA‐21– phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)–AKT signaling pathway and directly repressing the nuclear accumulation and phosphorylation of oncogenic yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) in TAMs. GAS5 inhibited the development of EC from both innate and adaptive immunity by transforming TAMs from a protumor to an antitumor phenotype. These antitumor effects of GAS5 on TAMs were mediated by the activation of the miR‐21‐PTEN‐AKT pathway and inhibition of YAP1.
Comparison of the accuracy of two different dynamic navigation system registration methods for dental implant placement: A retrospective study
Authors: Ma Feifei , Sun Feng , Wei Tai , Ma Yu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDynamic navigation approaches are widely employed in the context of implant placement surgery, with registration being integral to the accuracy of such navigation. Relatively few studies to date, however, have compared different registration approaches, and such a comparison has the potential to guide the development of more accurate and reliable clinical registration methodology.PurposeThis study was developed to compare the accuracy of dynamic navigation‐based dental implant placement conducted using either U‐tube or cusp registration methods.Materials and MethodsMedical records from all patients that had undergone implant surgery between August 2019 and October 2020 in the First Clinical Division of the Peking University Hospital of Stomatology were retrospectively reviewed, with 64 patients and 99 implants ultimately meeting with study inclusion criteria. Implant placement accuracy was gauged via the superimposition of the planned implant position in preoperative cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) images with the true postoperative implant position in postoperative CBCT images. Accuracy was measured based upon the angular deviation, entry deviation (3‐dimensional [3D] deviation in the coronal aspect of the alveolar ridge), and apex deviation (3D deviation in the apical area of the implant) when comparing these two positions.ResultsThe angular deviation, entry deviation, and apex deviation of all analyzed implants were 3.29 ± 0.17°, 1.29 ± 0.07 mm, and 1.43 ± 0.08 mm, respectively, while in the cusp registration group these respective values were 3.25 ± 1.58°, 1.28 ± 0.60 mm, and 1.34 ± 0.63 mm as compared to 3.35 ± 1.78°, 1.30 ± 0.78 mm, 1.55 ± 0.9 mm in the U‐tube group, respectively. No significant differences in accuracy were observed when comparing these two registration techniques.ConclusionDynamic computer‐assisted surgical systems can facilitate accurate implantation, and both the U‐tube and cusp registration methods exhibit similar levels of accuracy. As the cusp registration technique can overcome some of the limitations of the U‐tube strategy without the need for an additional registration device, it may be more convenient for clinical use and warrants further research.
Acute urinary retention and urinary tract infection after short‐course urinary drainage in colon or high rectum anastomoses: Post hoc analysis of a multicentre prospective database from the GRACE group
Authors: Venara Aurélien , Hamel Jean François , Régimbeau Jean‐Marc , Gillet Julien , Joris Jean , Cotte Eddy , Slim Karem ,   the GRACE group
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimThe aim was to define the risk factors for acute urinary retention (AUR) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) in colon or high rectum anastomosis patients based on the absence of a urinary catheter (UC) or the early removal of the UC (<24 h).MethodThis is a multicentre, international retrospective analysis of a prospective database including all patients undergoing colon or high rectum anastomoses. Patients were part of the enhanced recovery programme audit, developed by the Francophone Group for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery, and were included if no UC was inserted or if a UC was inserted for <24 h.ResultsIn all, 9389 patients had colon or high rectum anastomoses using laparoscopy, open surgery or robotic surgery. Among these patients, 4048 were excluded because the UC was left in place >24 h (43.1%) and 97 were excluded because the management of UC was unknown (1%). Among the 5244 colon or high rectum anastomoses patients included, AUR occurred in 5.2% and UTI occurred in 0.7%. UCs were in place for <24 h in 2765 patients (52.7%) and 2479 did not have UCs in place (47.3%). Multivariate analysis showed that management of the UC was not significantly associated with the occurrence of AUR and that risk factors for AUR were male gender, ≥65 years old, having an American Society of Anesthesiologists score ≥3 and receiving epidural analgesia. Conversely, being of male gender was a protective factor of UTI, while being ≥65 years old, having open surgery and receiving epidural analgesia were risk factors for UTIs. The management of the UC was not significantly associated with the occurrence of UTIs but the occurrence of AUR was a more significant risk factor for UTIs.ConclusionUCs in place for <24 h did not reduce the occurrence of AUR or UTI compared to the absence of UCs.