bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of alcohol in injury cases in rural Sri Lanka: prevalence and associated factors among in-patients in three primary care hospitals
Authors: Schölin L. , Weerasinghe M. , Agampodi S. , Chathurange U. , Rajapaksha S. , Holloway A. , Norrie J. , Mohamed F. , Eddleston M. , Pearson M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Injuries account for a major proportion of global morbidity and mortality related to alcohol use. Information on the prevalence of alcohol-related injury in rural Sri Lanka is limited. The aims of this study were to determine the burden of alcohol-related injury in a hospital-based sample in rural Sri Lanka and explore factors associated with an increased risk of alcohol-related injury.

Methods
Involvement of alcohol in injury amongst in-patients was assessed in three hospitals in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka over 6 months. Adult (≥ 18 years) patients were eligible. Patients were assessed for: injury characteristics, current alcohol use (in the past year) using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), and acute intoxication. Patients with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) reading equivalent of 10 mg/dL (2.17 mmol/L) were considered as having an alcohol-related injury. Binary logistic regression was used to explore association between alcohol-related injury and demographic and injury characteristics.

Results
A total of 883 injured patients were eligible and consented to the study. No alcohol use was reported by 487 (55.2%) of patients (35.6% of men, 95.2% of women). Prevalence of alcohol-related injuries was 14.8% overall and 32.8% among current alcohol users. Almost all patients with an alcohol-related injury were male (122/123; 99.2%); 24 (18.8%) of these patients scored positive for possible alcohol dependence. Patients with an alcohol-related injury had significantly higher AUDIT scores (median = 15 vs 6, p < 0.001), were significantly more likely to be aged 26–40 (OR 2.29, 95% CI:1.11, 4.72) or 41–55 years (OR 2.76, 95% CI: 1.29, 5.90) (compared to 18–25 years), to have a transport-related injury (OR 5.14, 95% CI: 2.30, 11.49) (compared to animal/plant sting/bite), and have intentional injuries (OR 3.47, 95% CI: 1.01, 11.87).

Conclusions
One in three injuries among people who drank alcohol in this sample were alcohol-related. In addition, problematic alcohol use was higher among those with alcohol-related injury. Further work is needed to explore whether this prevalence of alcohol-related injury is reflected in other rural settings in Sri Lanka.
In vivo assessment of the antimalarial activity and acute oral toxicity of an ethanolic seed extract of Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz
Authors: Chaniad Prapaporn , Phuwajaroanpong Arisara , Plirat Walaiporn , Techarang Tachpon , Chukaew Arnon , Punsawad Chuchard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In response to the persistent problem of malaria resistance, medicinal herbal plants can be used as a source of potential novel antimalarial agents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo antimalarial activity and toxicity of an ethanolic seed extract of Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz (S. pinnata).

Methods
Qualitative phytochemical screening of the extract was performed using standard procedures, and the constituents were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The in vivo antimalarial activity was assessed against the Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain in mice based on 4-day suppressive, curative and prophylactic tests. In addition, the acute toxicity of the extract was evaluated after oral administration of a single dose of 2,000 mg/kg body weight.

Results
Phytochemical screening tests on the ethanolic S. pinnata seed extract revealed the presence of terpenoids, tannins, and coumarins. GC–MS analysis of the extract led to the identification of twenty-nine phytochemical compounds, including oleic acid amide, β-sitosterol, linoleic acid, oleic acid, protocatechuic acid, syringic acid and gallic acid. The results of the 4-day suppressive test revealed that mice treated with 250, 500, 600 and 800 mg/kg doses of the ethanolic S. pinnata seed extract showed significant parasitemia suppression in a dose-dependent manner, with 22.94, 49.01, 60.67 and 66.82% suppression, respectively, compared to that of the negative control group. All the doses of the ethanolic seed extract significantly suppressed parasitemia (P < 0.05) during the curative activity test and prolonged the mean survival time compared to those of the negative control group. However, the ethanolic seed extract displayed lower curative and prophylactic activities than the standard drug artesunate. In addition, the ethanolic seed extract showed no signs of toxicity in mice at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg body weight.

Conclusion
The S. pinnata seed extract contains various phytochemical compounds with important medicinal properties. The extract showed a significant suppression of parasitemia in a dose-dependent manner, prolonged the mean survival time and exhibited significant curative and prophylactic activities. The overall results of this study demonstrated that the S. pinnata seed extract possessed promising in vivo antimalarial activity against P. berghei ANKA, with no toxicity. The findings from the present study provide scientific evidence supporting the use of S. pinnata seeds in the development of new drugs for malaria treatment. Additional studies are needed to isolate and identify the active compounds as well as to understand the mechanism of inhibition.
Collaborative identification and prioritisation of mental health nursing care process metrics and indicators: a Delphi consensus study
Authors: Hunter Andrew , Barrett Nora , Gallen Anne , Conway Gillian , Brennan Anne , Giltenane Martina , Murphy Louise 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The Irish Office of Nursing & Midwifery Services Director (ONMSD) commissioned the development an updated suite of mental health nursing metrics and indicators for implementation in Irish mental health clinical settings. While measuring care processes does offer the potential to improve care quality, the choice of which mental health nursing metrics to measure presents a significant challenge, both in Ireland and internationally. The provision of safe and high-quality mental health nursing care stems from nurses’ expertise, skills and overall capacity to provide recovery focused care across a range of health care settings. Accordingly, efforts to measure what mental health nurses do depends on the identification of those care processes that contribute to mental health nursing practice. This paper reports on the identification, development and prioritisation of a national suite of Quality Care Metrics (QCM), along with their associated indicators, for mental health nursing care processes in Ireland.

Methods
The study was undertaken over four phases; i) a systematic literature review to identify mental health care process metrics and their associated indicators of measurement; ii) a two-round, online Delphi survey of mental health nurses to develop consensus on the suit of mental health nursing care process metrics; iii) a two-round online Delphi survey of mental health nurses to develop consensus on the indicators to be used to measure the agreed metrics; and iv) a face-to-face consensus meeting with mental health nurses and service user representatives to develop consensus on the final suite of metrics and indicators.

Results
Following these four phases 9 metrics and their 71 associated indicators were agreed for inclusion in the final suite of Mental Health Nursing QCM. These metrics are applicable across the life span and the range of mental health nursing health care settings.

Conclusion
The development of this suite of Mental Health Nursing QCM and their indicators represents an opportunity for the measurement of safe and high-quality mental health nursing care for application in Ireland and internationally. This initial development of metrics and indicators should be followed by a rigorous baseline review of QCM uptake and implementation amongst mental health nurses as part of an ongoing evaluation.
PACER: a novel 3D plant cell wall model for the analysis of non-catalytic and enzymatic responses
Authors: Monschein Mareike , Jurak Edita , Paasela Tanja , Koitto Taru , Lambauer Vera , Pavicic Mirko , Enjalbert Thomas , Dumon Claire , Master Emma R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSubstrate accessibility remains a key limitation to the efficient enzymatic deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass. Limited substrate accessibility is often addressed by increasing enzyme loading, which increases process and product costs. Alternatively, considerable efforts are underway world-wide to identify amorphogenesis-inducing proteins and protein domains that increase the accessibility of carbohydrate-active enzymes to targeted lignocellulose components.ResultsWe established a three-dimensional assay, PACER (plant cell wall model for the analysis of non-catalytic and enzymatic responses), that enables analysis of enzyme migration through defined lignocellulose composites. A cellulose/azo-xylan composite was made to demonstrate the PACER concept and then used to test the migration and activity of multiple xylanolytic enzymes. In addition to non-catalytic domains of xylanases, the potential of loosenin-like proteins to boost xylanase migration through cellulose/azo-xylan composites was observed.ConclusionsThe PACER assay is inexpensive and parallelizable, suitable for screening proteins for ability to increase enzyme accessibility to lignocellulose substrates. Using the PACER assay, we visualized the impact of xylan-binding modules and loosenin-like proteins on xylanase mobility and access to targeted substrates. Given the flexibility to use different composite materials, the PACER assay presents a versatile platform to study impacts of lignocellulose components on enzyme access to targeted substrates.
Trans-acting genetic variants causing multilocus imprinting disturbance (MLID): common mechanisms and consequences
Authors: Eggermann Thomas , Yapici Elzem , Bliek Jet , Pereda Arrate , Begemann Matthias , Russo Silvia , Tannorella Pierpaola , Calzari Luciano , de Nanclares Guiomar Perez , Lombardi Paola , Temple I. Karen , Mackay Deborah , Riccio Andrea , Kagami Masayo , Ogata Tsutomu , Lapunzina Pablo , Monk David , Maher Eamonn R. , Tümer Zeynep 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Imprinting disorders are a group of congenital diseases which are characterized by molecular alterations affecting differentially methylated regions (DMRs). To date, at least twelve imprinting disorders have been defined with overlapping but variable clinical features including growth and metabolic disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, abdominal wall defects and asymmetry. In general, a single specific DMR is affected in an individual with a given imprinting disorder, but there are a growing number of reports on individuals with so-called multilocus imprinting disturbances (MLID), where aberrant imprinting marks (most commonly loss of methylation) occur at multiple DMRs. However, as the literature is fragmented, we reviewed the molecular and clinical data of 55 previously reported or newly identified MLID families with putative pathogenic variants in maternal effect genes (NLRP2, NLRP5, NLRP7, KHDC3L, OOEP, PADI6) and in other candidate genes (ZFP57, ARID4A, ZAR1, UHRF1, ZNF445).

Results
In 55 families, a total of 68 different candidate pathogenic variants were identified (7 in NLRP2, 16 in NLRP5, 7 in NLRP7, 17 in PADI6, 15 in ZFP57, and a single variant in each of the genes ARID4A, ZAR1, OOEP, UHRF1, KHDC3L and ZNF445). Clinical diagnoses of affected offspring included Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome spectrum, Silver–Russell syndrome spectrum, transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, or they were suspected for an imprinting disorder (undiagnosed). Some families had recurrent pregnancy loss.

Conclusions
Genomic maternal effect and foetal variants causing MLID allow insights into the mechanisms behind the imprinting cycle of life, and the spatial and temporal function of the different factors involved in oocyte maturation and early development. Further basic research together with identification of new MLID families will enable a better understanding of the link between the different reproductive issues such as recurrent miscarriages and preeclampsia in maternal effect variant carriers/families and aneuploidy and the MLID observed in the offsprings. The current knowledge can already be employed in reproductive and genetic counselling in specific situations.
An operative laboratory investigation of bioconversion route from waste coal to natural energy
Authors: Basera Priyanka , Lavania Meeta , Shinde Omkar , Sarkar Supriya Kumar , Lal Banwari 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In the present research, the potential of reactivated consortium for the methane production consuming waste coal as a carbon source (1% w/v) in the modified media at mesophilic temperature (37 °C) was determined.

Methods
Media modification was conducted for the enhancement of methane production by selecting three different components from the two media, i.e., Methanosprillium sp. producing media (MSP) and methane-producing bacteria media (MPB). From MSP medium, C2H2NaO2 (sodium acetate), KH2PO4 (potassium dihydrogen the phosphate), and NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) whereas from MPB medium; yeast extract, peptone, and NH4Cl (ammonium chloride) were selected in the range of 0.5–2.5 (g/l). Analytical assay, i.e., Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography mass spectrophotometry (GCMS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were conducted. Further, compatibility study and pathogenicity was performed.

Results
In the present study, reactivated consortia was used therefore key components of the media were modified. In case of MPB medium, 2 g/l of yeast extract, 2 g/l peptone, and 1 g/l NH4Cl showed the promising results; whereas for MSP medium, 1 g/l of KH2PO4, 0.5 g/l of NaHCO3, and 1.5 g/l of C2H2NaO2 were noted to be the suitable range for methane production. Analytical studies confirmed the presences of -OH and aliphatic groups which majorly belongs to alkane, alkene, and phenol derivative compounds whereas SEM and EDX studies delineated the active interaction of bacteria with coal particles and presences of carbon (C) as a major peak in untreated coal and absence of C peak in microbial treated coal. In addition, a compatibility study was performed and their successful results aid in the future approach of field implementation. Further, pathogenicity data indicated the non-virulent and non-toxic nature of the consortia.

Conclusions
The production of waste coal is one of the most problematic and common activities of the mining industry. They release toxic substances into the environment (water, air, and soil) and damage the local biodiversity. Therefore, the generation of biogenic methane from waste coal is an environmentally friendly approach to overcome this problem.
Evaluation of compassionate and respectful care implementation status in model healthcare facilities: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jemal Kemal , Samuel Assegid , Geta Abiyu , Desalegn Fantanesh , Gebru Lidia , Tadele Tezera , Genet Ewnetu , Abate Mulugeta , Tafesse Nebiyou 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Compassionate respectful, and caring (CRC) creates a pleasant environment for health workforce (HWF), customers, and families. For the past five years, the Ethiopian Ministry of Health (EMoH) has developed a CRC plan to improve person-centered care. Therefore, we aimed to assess the implementation status of CRC and associated factors in the 16 model health facilities (MHFs) in Ethiopia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was employed from February to April 2021. A structured and semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess the level of CRC implementation in model health care facilities. Epi-data version 4.3 and SPSS version 26 software were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Binary logistic regressions analysis was used and significance was obtained at the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and P-value < 0.05.

Results
A total of 429 HWF participated in a self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of compassionate and respectful care among HWF were 60.4%, and 64% respectively. Nurse professionals, midwives, having training on CRC, leader promoting CRC, having a conducive working environment and burnout management for HWF were significantly associated with compassionate care practice. Leaders promoting CRC, having a conducive working environment, and burnout management for HWF were significantly associated with respectful care practice.

Conclusion
The findings identified distinct issues related to CRC implementation in each 16 MHF. Addressing HWF skill gaps, a conducive working environment, and burnout management are encouraged CRC continuity. Incorporate CRC in pre-service education, health system strengthening, and motivating HWF are important for CRC strategic implementation.
Clonal heterogeneity by fluorescence in situ hybridization in multiple myeloma: enhanced cytogenetic risk stratification
Authors: Abdel-Qader Hadeel Yaseen , Fouad Dina Adel , Abuelela Soha Ahmed , Ismail Heba Mohamed Atif , Boshnaq Noha Hussein 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells that accumulate in bone marrow, leading to bone destruction and marrow failure. Cytogenetic analysis is a challenge in MM because of the low mitotic activity and the rapid loss of plasma cells viability in bone marrow culture. Adding mitogens such as interleukin 6 (IL6) is known to promote the in vitro growth of myeloma cell lines and enhance the fluorescence in situ hybridization application. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic impact of cytogenetic abnormalities detected by enhanced interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) technique in Egyptian MM patients.ResultsPatients who had hyperdiploidy significantly presented with higher Hb level and lower calcium levels compared to non-hyperdiploid patients. They were staged as stage I and II by International staging system (ISS) and considered as standard risk showing better response to treatment. On the contrary, features associated with a worse outcome were patients having del 17p and those belonged to intermediate and high risk groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, adding interleukin 6 to MM cell culture promotes the in vitro growth of myeloma cells and enhances the successful application of FISH technique. A comprehensive FISH probe set investigating high, intermediate and low-risk cytogenetic abnormalities is needed for accurate risk stratification. Hyperdiploid-myeloma is a favorable risk genetic subtype of MM associated with rapid response to therapy compared to patients having del 17p, t(4;14), and other 14q rearrangements rather than t(11;14) and t(6;14).
Solid-State Photophysical Properties of Chiral Perylene Diimide Derivatives: AIEnh-Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Vacuum-Deposited Thin Films
Authors: Kanesaka Aoba , Nishimura Yuki , Yamaguchi Akira , Imai Yoshitane , Mizokuro Toshiko , Nishikawa Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Studies on the optical properties of chiral perylene diimide derivatives, (S,S)- and (R,R)-BPP (BPP = N,N′-bis(1-phenylethyl)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide), through absorption, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, and chiroptical spectroscopies revealed that the vacuum-deposited thin films of (S,S)- and (R,R)-BPP exhibit aggregation-induced enhanced (AIEnh) circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), as observed when they are dispersed in KBr and polymer matrices. Fluorescence lifetimes revealed that two emissive species exist in the deposited thin film: the dimer state with a fast decay and the weakly coupled excimer state with a slow decay. Unlike the dilute solutions of chiral BPPs, the deposited thin films displayed circular dichroism (CD) and CPL, indicating solid-state aggregation-induced chiroptical properties of chiral BPPs. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations on isolated monomer and π-stacked dimer suggested that the formation of a chirally twisted molecular arrangement through intermolecular π–π interactions is essential for the chiroptical properties of (S,S)- and (R,R)-BPP in the solid states. Moreover, we fabricated organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using (S,S)- and (R,R)-BPP isomers as CPL emitters. The devices exhibited circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) although the EL dissymmetry factor (gEL) was significantly low, as has been frequently noted in earlier studies.
Corneal laser procedure for vision improvement in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration and other retinal disorders involving central vision loss: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Devenyi Robert , Markowitz Samuel N. , Berry II Michael , Berry Michael 
Published: March 2022

Background: The purposes of this pilot retrospective observational cohort study are to determine: 1) the safety and efficacy of corneal photovitrification (CPV), a corneal laser procedure, for vision improvement in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and other retinal disorders involving central vision loss, and 2) the correlation between post-treatment (post-treatment (Tx)) best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) and pre-Tx potential visual acuity (PVA). Methods: BCDVA measurements using ETDRS charts and PVA measurements using Gonzalez-Markowitz PVA charts were analyzed for 72 eyes that received a single CPV treatment. Results: Safety - No clinically significant complications or serious adverse events occurred. Efficacy – Mean BCDVA improved significantly from 20/303 (1.18 log of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), 26 letters) at pre-Tx to 20/208 (1.02 logMAR, 34 letters) at 1m post-Tx (p = 0.000001) for a cohort of 57 eyes, improving to 20/198 (1.00 logMAR, 35 letters; 11.6 mean letters gained) at 12m (p = 0.0009) for a cohort of 29 eyes. Mean pre-Tx PVA gains correlated well with mean BCDVA improvements at 1m, 3m, 6m and 12m post-Tx. Conclusions: Subject to a small sample size, the CPV corneal laser procedure is safe and efficacious for vision improvement in patients with nAMD and other retinal disorders involving central vision loss. The pre-Tx PVA correlates well with post-Tx BCDVA; the PVA test may be useful for screening of candidate eyes for CPV treatment and for managing expectations.