bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Teachers in Improving Creative Learning Models for Z Generation
Authors: Kornelia Wu Febiana , Mahmudah Fitri Nur 
Published: January 2022

Aims: The development of an increasingly rapid world requires educational institutions to continue to improve. For Generation Z who are accustomed to living side by side with technology, of course, they also expect the world of education to be able to apply technology in the learning process. Therefore, teachers are expected to create an innovative learning process by utilizing technology as a learning medium.
Place and Duration of Study: The research subjects were school teachers in North Sangatta District, East Kutai Regency as many as 4 people spread from several schools. The data was obtained analyzed qualitatively and described in descriptive form.
Methodology: Qualitative data was collected through interviews and observations. Research subjects were individuals who provided information about questions posed by researchers.
Results: The results of this study indicate that teachers as educators have duties and responsibilities as movers and facilitators as well as guiding and directing students to achieve learning objectives. One way that teachers can do this is by applying creative learning methods for generation z. With methods that are made varied, teachers should also provide interesting learning models, one of which is by providing learning materials using audiovisual media.
Conclusion: The professionalism of a teacher is one of the keys to the success of the learning process. A teacher must understand the duties and responsibilities as an educator. Teachers who understand their role as educators will always guide, direct, motivate, and become facilitators the learning process. Although during the learning process must be student-centered, the teacher has a big role in determining the learning method that suits the needs of students.
Prevalence of Dermatophytosis in South Indian Populations: A Research Hospital Based Study
Authors: Fatima Syeda Hajra , Ahmad Tasleem , Latha Sree , Minhajuddin Ahmed , Javed Ghazala 
Published: January 2022

Aim: Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection distributed worldwide, more prevalent in the tropical countries like India. Dermatophytosis is diagnosed based on the history, physical examination, and laboratory diagnosis by Microscopic examination of Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Mount followed by fungal culture. KOH mount is a rapid, simple, time saving and cost effective diagnostic method. The present study was conducted to know the prevalence and common clinical presentations of Dermatophytosis in Hyderabad, South India.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in Clinical Microbiology section of the Laboratory of the Skin Research Institute in Hyderabad, South India, for a period of 1 year from August 2020 to September 2021. A total of 236 skin scarping samples from clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis were collected. A detailed clinical history of the patients was recorded and skin scrapping samples was subjected to KOH test.
Results: Of all the 236 patients, 186 patients (78.81%) were positive of fungal elements. Males (58.06 %) were more commonly affected than females (41.94%). Tinea corporis was the most common clinical type (50%) followed by Tinea Cruris (22.58%). The microscopic finding revealed 49.46% of samples showing long, septate hyphae, 39.78% of samples showing Spaghetti and meatball appearance and 10.75% of samples showing pseudohyphae with budding yeast cells forms.
Conclusions: The prevalence of Dermatophytosis is high in the study population. In experienced hands, a potassium hydroxide mount is one of the most useful procedures in medical mycology and can be used as screening test and routine investigation in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis so that definite treatment can be commenced without delay.
Transition zones across agricultural field boundaries for integrated landscape research and management of biodiversity and yields
Authors: Kernecker Maria , Fienitz Meike , Nendel Claas , Pätzig Marlene , Pirhofer Walzl Karin , Raatz Larissa , Schmidt Martin , Wulf Monika , Zscheischler Jana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Biodiversity conservation and agricultural production have been largely framed as separate goals for landscapes in the discourse on land use. Although there is an increasing tendency to move away from this dichotomy in theory, the tendency is perpetuated by the spatially explicit approaches used in research and management practice.

Transition zones (TZ) have previously been defined as areas where two adjacent fields or patches interact, and so they occur abundantly throughout agricultural landscapes. Biodiversity patterns in TZ have been extensively studied, but their relationship to yield patterns and social–ecological dimensions has been largely neglected.

Focusing on European, temperate agricultural landscapes, we outline three areas of research and management that together demonstrate how TZ might be used to facilitate an integrated landscape approach: (i) plant and animal species’ use and response to boundaries and the resulting effects on yield, for a deeper understanding of how landscape structure shapes quantity and quality of TZ; (ii) local knowledge on field or patch‐level management and its interactions with biodiversity and yield in TZ, and (iii) conflict prevention and collaborative management across land‐use boundaries.
Finite‐time resilient control for networked control systems with multiple cyber‐attacks: Memory/adaptive event‐triggered scheme
Authors: Murugesan Sathishkumar , Liu Yen‐Chen 
Published: January 2022

SummaryThis article addresses the finite‐time memory and finite‐time adaptive event‐triggered control issues for networked control systems (NCSs) with randomly occurring cyber‐attacks. A comprehensive stochastic attack model is developed that includes false‐data injection attacks and denial‐of‐service attacks. In our first problem, the purpose of the memory event‐triggered scheme is used to release certain packets to establish new events contrasting with the existing event‐triggered method. In this fashion, the event generator can make a more accurate decision and better control performance can be expected. On the other hand, our second problem introduces an adaptive event‐triggered scheme to reduce unnecessary communication transmissions in a network with an adaptive varying‐threshold while maintaining acceptable system performance. In both problems where malicious signals are injected by adversaries, a random variable is presented to relate cyber‐attacks. Using Lyapunov stability theory, integral inequality and linear matrix inequality, a sufficient condition is constructed for both problems to achieve the exponentially mean‐square finite‐time boundedness for NCSs under stochastic attacks. Finally, three numerical examples are simulated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Competing Intra‐ vs Intermolecular Nitrene Transfer in the [Au]‐Catalysed Reaction of 2‐Alkynylphenylazides
Authors: Dhote Pawan S. , Ramana Chepuri V. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe possibility of interrupting the gold‐catalysed intramolecular cyclization of 2‐alkynylphenylazide derivatives, employing known nitrene transfer reagents such as anthranil and its isomer 1,2‐benzisoxazole, has been attempted in search of developing simple tools for product diversification. With 1,2‐benzisoxazoles, the intermolecular nitrene transfer leading to quinazoline is competitive with intramolecular azidoalkyne cyclization resulting in spiro indol‐3‐ylidene derivatives. However, in case of the reaction in the presence of anthranil, both intra‐ and intermolecular nitrene transfer processes result in the same product indol‐3‐ylidene.magnified image
Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Formal [4+1] Ylide Annulation Leading to Optically Active Isoxazoline N‐Oxides
Authors: Gong Pin , Wang Jing , Yao Wen‐Bo , Xie Xuan‐Sheng , Xie Jian‐Wu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA diastereoselective and enantioselective formal [4+1] ylide annulation of chiral sulfonium salts with various substituted α‐substituted nitroalkene leading to optically active isoxazoline N‐oxides using CF3SO3− as a key anion has been explored. The salient features of this methodology include high diastereo‐ and enantioselecties, easily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, simple procedure, broad substrate scope and the isoxazoline N‐oxides are conveniently transformed into other functionalized compounds.magnified image
Avoid "psychosocial restraint": Discrepancy of perception between people with dementia and the significant others in the residential care homes of Hong Kong
Authors: Chui Kenny Chi Man 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHong Kong is one of the high institutional rates of senior citizens among the developed cities. Residential care homes act as a 'mini‐society' which human interactions happen in these closed settings. The interactions significantly affect the quality of life and self‐perception of people with dementia. Over 50‐80% of the residents lived with different levels of neurocognitive disorder but most of them experienced physical or chemical restraint in the local studies. Worse still, another restraint started developing with the psychosocial restriction and limitation from the significant others in the residential care homes. What should we be alerted?MethodInterpretivism was adopted as a framework in applying participatory observations, in‐depth interviews and other qualitative methods. Ten people with dementia living in a residential care home were interviewed, as were ten members of the care staff. Sixteen visits with approximately 1.5 to 2.0 hours were conducted and field notes of each observation were written for analysis. Two reflective training sessions were provided afterwards.ResultDiscrepancies in perceptions and interpretations of being 'demented' leading to the 'psychosocial restraint' of people with dementia is identified. Living in residential care homes are described as 'triple jeopardy' as being 'old', 'sick' and diagnosed with 'dementia'. With the lack of understanding of the self‐perception of people with dementia and negative stereotyping, the care staff did not talk to the residents with dementia and limited their participation of activities. The residents without dementia also scapegoated and condemned people with dementia in daily interactions. People with dementia perceived themselves as 'being wronged' and argued with the surrounding others. Many complain from other residents happened, which caused the care staff to treat people with dementia as the ‘troublemakers’. As a result, the vicious cycle was found and diminished the quality of life among people with dementia in residential care homes.ConclusionReflective training including (1) Dementia experience from inside out; (2) Subjective voice of people with dementia and person‐centred care; (3) DemenTitudeTM ‐ A proper caring attitude approach and (4) Dementia‐friendly language and interactions is promoted to prevent the rise of 'psychosocial restraint' in the Hong Kong's residential care homes.
The relevance of early cognitive diagnosis in middle age or the threshold of old age—for a better quality of life for the long‐lived
Authors: Neves Marcella Bianca , Lodovici Flaminia Manzano Moreira 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSome clinical observations regarding patients referred by relatives in middle age or on the old age threshold (55‐65 years) for a diagnosis of their clinical condition may already bring to light factors revealing an early cognitive decline.MethodFamily history interview; Interview with patient; Application of neuropsychological tests. Report elaboration and return of results to family members and patients.ResultSome changes in the patient referred by family members are described and then attested, such as: recurrence or intensification of forgetfulness; individual and social withdrawal; some loss of daily life activity functionality. The patient, in turn, in this phase, usually underestimates, or denies, any degree of difficulty in his daily life.ConclusionThe delay in diagnosis and appropriate intervention based on Cognitive Reserve factors in each clinical case favors possible dementia. Early intervention, before entering old age, is recommended, for a better quality of life in longevity.
Defining and assessing the characteristics of the built environment that contribute to the well‐being of people with dementia living in aged care facilities in Singapore
Authors: Sun Shuzhen J 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe study uncovers the characteristics of the built environment that contribute to the well‐being of Singaporeans living with dementia. With the findings, the study plans to translate the knowledge into action by developing an acceptable, reliable, and culturally sensitive tool for Singapore.MethodThe study employed a sequential qualitative‐quantitative mixed method design. The study was structured into two phases. A scoping review was carried out in the first phase to understand the characteristics of nursing homes in East and Southeast Asia in relation to eight design principles. An investigation was carried out into the cultural characteristics and the acceptance of the principles of design through focus group discussions (FGD, n=150). Qualitative data and descriptive statistics were collected and analysed. The testing of the Singaporean Environmental Audit Tool (SEAT) made up the second phase and data via interviews on the barriers and facilitators and usability were obtained after participants (n=6) tested the tool in eight nursing homes.ResultThe scoping review found that the principles of design can be applied in nursing home environments in East and Southeast Asia when cultural sensitivities such as spaces for palliative care, technology, spirituality, and culturally familiar features were addressed. The successful outcome of the first phase of the study enabled research into the second phase of the study. Data echoed those of the scoping review, with the same cultural characteristics being identified as lacking in the Australian Environmental Assessment Tool High‐Care (EAT‐HC). The data indicated a high level of acceptance of the design principles. In the second phase, the tool was found to be culturally appropriate, reliable, and acceptable for use when undertaken by users with knowledge of dementia.ConclusionThis study maps the processes involved in the development of the SEAT and will aid researchers in the future to adapt the EAT to diverse cultures across countries. The tool will be able to provide a measure of the application of the relevant principles of design for an environment for a person with dementia in a Singaporean high care facility.
Comparison of time spent and score in digital recognition test and free recall tests in the identification of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease
Authors: Chan Joyce YC , Wong Adrian , Tsoi Kelvin KF , Kwok Timothy CY 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDigital memory tests are proposed for the screening of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD). However, previous studies are seldom measuring the time spent of a participant in a memory test. So, it is unclear whether the time spent in a digital memory test can be a predictive factor for the identification of MCI and AD. The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the digital recognition test, immediate and delayed free recall test in the identification of MCI and AD.MethodsA digital test platform included a recognition test, an immediate and a delayed free recall test was developed. The score and time spent (from participant start to answer the question to finish answering the question) of each memory test were measured. Participants with MCI and AD were consecutive patients in clinics, the controls were recruited from a community elderly center. Regression derived score was calculated using binary logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the ability of the memory tests to identify MCI and AD from controls. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.ResultsA total of 46 controls, 37 MCI, and 37 AD participants were recruited. In the digital recognition test, the controls had significantly shorter time spent than the MCI participants (mean difference (MD)=‐12.3 seconds, SD=3.64, p=0.001) and MCI participants had significantly shorter time spent than AD participants (MD=‐15.6, SD=6.1, p=0.01). However, no difference in time spent between 3 groups of participants was found in the immediate and delayed free recall test. In the identification of MCI and AD from control, the AUC of time spent and score in digital recognition test were 0.74 and 0.76, respectively. The AUC of regression derived score with taking time spent and the score was 0.85. The AUCs of immediate and delayed free recall tests were 0.71 and 0.76, respectively.ConclusionsThis study showed that both score and time spent in the digital recognition test are predictive factors for the identification of MCI and AD. A combination of score and time spent can enhance the performance of the digital recognition test.
Dementia diagnosis patterns in a racially diverse population within an integrated health delivery system
Authors: Nguyen Huong , Lee Janet S , Langer‐Gould Annette , Borson Soo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough nearly 40% of older adults receive care in Medicare Advantage (MA) plans, there are limited information on whether the patterns of dementia diagnosis and health care utilization differ from traditional Medicare fee‐for‐service. We examined first ADRD diagnoses by provider type and clinical setting and compared patient socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics across a large integrated health care system in southern California.MethodsPatients 65 years and older who were continuously enrolled in the health plan for at least one year prior to January 1, 2015 and had a first dementia diagnosis code during the study period (January 1, 2015‐ December 31, 2018) were included in the analysis. Providers classified as dementia specialists included neurologists, psychiatrists, and geriatricians; all other providers were considered nondementia specialists and mostly represented primary care. Data were derived from electronic health records.ResultsThere were a total of 25,278 incident ADRD codes over the entire study period, slightly more than half assigned in ambulatory care and the remainder during a hospital‐based encounter. For the clinic‐diagnosed cohort (n=13,962), other than a slightly younger age for those diagnosed in neurology/psychiatry compared to geriatrics or primary care (79 vs. 82 years old), there were no other differences, including race/ethnicity or spoken language. Compared to the clinic cohort, the hospital‐diagnosed cohort (n=11,316) was slightly older (83 vs. 81 years old), more likely to be white (59% vs. 53%) and English speaking (90% vs. 85%); had more missed appointments (13% vs. 10%) and were more likely to have a non‐dementia cognitive impairment code in the two years prior (36% vs. 31%). They also had a higher burden of co‐morbidity (8.7 ± 3.8 vs. 7.0 ± 3.4) and higher rate of documented advance directive or POLST (49% vs. 41%) (all, p<.01).ConclusionsNearly half of the incident ADRD codes were associated with a hospital‐based encounter. Patients first diagnosed with ADRD in the hospital setting were generally older and sicker compared to patients diagnosed in the clinic. Given such differing socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics at diagnosis, claims based studies should distinguish patients first diagnosed in hospital vs. clinic‐based settings.
Voxel‐based correlation of 18F‐THK5351 accumulation with gray matter structural networks in cognitively normal older adults
Authors: Shigemoto Yoko , Sone Daichi , Maikusa Norihide , Kimura Yukio , Suzuki Fumio , Fujii Hiroyuki , Sato Noriko , Matsuda Hiroshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough gray matter (GM) structural networks based on intracortical similarities have been proposed, no studies have yet examined the correlations between GM network measures and tau. Here, we investigated the voxel‐wise correlations of GM network measures and 18F‐THK5351 accumulation in cognitively normal (CN) older adults.MethodWe recruited 47 amyloid‐negative CN older adults (65.0 ± 7.9 y age, 26 female, 14.3 ± 2.4 y education, Mini‐Mental State Examination score 29.3 ± 1.1, Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised Logical Memory II score 13.4 ± 2.9). All participants underwent 3D T1‐weighted MRI, 11C‐PiB and 18F‐THK5351 PET scans. Single‐subject GM networks extracted from T1‐weighted MRI data based on intracortical similarities were analyzed using the graph theoretical approach. Correlations between four local network measures (betweenness centrality, clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and degree) and 18F‐THK5351 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) images were evaluated at a voxel level using biological parametric mapping (BPM) toolbox in SPM. The results with the following criteria were deemed significant: a height threshold of p < .05 (family‐wise error corrected) with an extent threshold of 100 voxels.ResultSignificant positive correlations between four local network measures and 18F‐THK5351 SUVR images were detected in the bilateral caudate.ConclusionUsing voxel‐based analysis, we detected significant positive correlations between local network measures and 18F‐THK5351 accumulation in the bilateral caudate in CN older adults. Our findings suggest that tau and neuroinflammation in CN elderly may influence local GM network in the caudate.
Features of the provision of inpatient medical care to patients with Alzheimer's disease during the SARS‐COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Sushko Viacheslav Viktorovich , Sushko Viktor Vasilievich 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith Alzheimer's disease, the patient is not only unable to help himself, but he cannot even ask for such help. This is especially dangerous for a patient during the SARS‐COVID‐19 pandemic. Since the deadly complications of SARS‐COVID‐19 are observed in the age group in which Alzheimer's disease manifests itself.MethodWe observed 26 women aged 71‐84 with Alzheimer's disease. All patients received treatment according to Alzheimer's disease treatment standards. Both amyloid‐beta and tau were found in their cerebrospinal fluid. They also showed neurodegeneration in the areas classic for Alzheimer's disease on MRI of the brain.During a pandemic, sickness departments must wear masks and change them every 4 hours to prevent SARS‐COVID‐19 disease. In patients with Alzheimer's disease, the fulfillment of these requirements on their own is impracticable, since they have memory disorders for current events, changes in mood (apathy). Therefore, constant monitoring of medical personnel for compliance with these requirements is required.These patients in all inpatient care periods were given masks with a built‐in 4‐hour timer and a sensor that responded to opening contacts when the mask was removed. The end of 4 hours of wearing the mask and the removal of the mask as indicated by sound and light alarms installed in the mask.ResultThis greatly facilitated the monitoring of compliance with quarantine SARS‐COVID‐19 measures in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Also, the timely change of the mask was the prevention of hypoxia that develops as a result of wetting the mask with prolonged wearing.ConclusionPrevention of hypoxia with the prolonged wearing of a wet mask alleviates the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, allows the patient to convey their thoughts and feelings, and significantly improves the quality of life of patients.