bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin promotes neurogenesis after transient cerebral ischemia through STAT3 mediated BDNF upregulation in astrocytes
Authors: Yu Liang , wang Jiajia , Xia Ying , Hou Wugang , Yao Xi , Guo Yaru , Wang Jin , Wei Haidong , Wang Shiquan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Newborn neurons from the subventricular zone (SVZ) are essential to functional recovery following ischemic stroke. However, most of these newly generated neurons die quickly and fail to form functional connections with surrounding neurons. Thus, methods to promote neurogenesis and the survival of newborn neurons are of significance to post-stroke recovery. Adiponectin could increase neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we wonder whether adiponectin could also promote neurogenesis in SVZ and improve functional recovery after ischemic stroke. In addition, the critical role of astrocyte-derived BDNF in promotion of the neurogenesis should be verified. Here, we adopted the middle cerebral artery occlusion model of mice, and started the adiponectin treatment on day 3 of reperfusion. Neurogenesis and brain atrophy were analyzed by morphological methods, and neurological function was assessed by the adhesive removal test and the forepaw grip strength. The levels of BDNF and p-STAT3 were detected by western blotting. The adeno associated virus-encoded BDNF shRNA with GFAP promoter and a STAT3 inhibitor Stattic were used. We found that adiponectin improved neurological recovery, reduced brain atrophy, and increased both the doublecortin-positive cells and NeuN/BrdU double-positive cells. Mechanically, adiponectin increased the protein levels of p-STAT3 and BDNF in astrocytes, while silence of BDNF diminished the adiponectin-induced neurogenesis and functional recovery. Moreover, inhibition of STAT3 not only reversed the increase of BDNF but also the neurogenesis and functional recovery. Collectively, we conclude that adiponectin enhances neurogenesis and functional recovery after ischemic stroke via STAT3/BDNF pathway in astrocytes.
A signature based on costimulatory molecules for the assessment of prognosis and immune characteristics in stomach adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Bangjie , Yao Yong , Mao Deshen , Li Conghan , Wang Xingyu , Sheng Shuyan , Zhang Lizhi , Wang Xinyi , Chen Sanwei , Xu Wentao , Deng Jianyi , Sun Chenyu , Zhou Qin , Lowe Scott , Bentley Rachel , Shao Wei , Li Haiwen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although costimulatory molecules have been shown to boost antitumor immune responses, their significance in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the gene expression patterns of costimulatory molecule genes in STAD and to develop a predictive signature to aid in therapy selection and outcome prediction. We used 60 costimulatory family genes from prior research to conduct the first complete costimulatory molecule analysis in STAD patients. For the two groups discovered, consensus clustering analysis based on these 60 genes indicated unique distribution patterns and prognostic differences. Then, using Lasso and Cox regression analysis, 9 costimulatory molecular gene pairs (CMGPs) of prognostic value were discovered. With these 9 CMGPs, we were able to develop a costimulatory molecule-related prognostic signature, which performed well in an external dataset. For STAD patients, the signature was proved to be a risk factor independent of clinical characteristics, indicating that this may be employed in conjunction with clinical considerations. An further connection between the signature and immunotherapy response was discovered. People who had high mutation rates, an abundance of infiltrating immune cells, and an immunosuppressive milieu were classed as high-risk. It is possible that patients classed as high-risk have a better prognosis for immunotherapy since these patients have greater cytolytic activity scores and immunophenoscores of CTLA4 and PD-L1/PD-L2 blocker As a consequence, clinicians might use our signature to better assess patient prognosis and develop treatment plans.
Intergovernmental Transfers and Environmental Pollution
Authors: Ye Bing , Cao Qianwen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We exploit the dramatic change in intergovernmental transfers after the tax-sharing reform in China to identify the causal effect of intergovernmental transfers on environmental pollution. Applying the two-stage least squares method to China’s county-level data, we find that a 1% increase in the annual change in intergovernmental transfers relative to the previous year’s GDP will increase the annual growth rate of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration by 4.3145%. The mechanisms include the following: (1) intergovernmental transfers drive county governments to increase expenditures and cut taxes; (2) intergovernmental transfers increase the gross industrial output value above the designated size at the intensive margin; and (3) intergovernmental transfers reduce the proportion of GDP in the secondary industry and increase the proportion in the tertiary industry. In addition, intergovernmental transfers boost GDP growth and prompt the movement of labor from rural to urban areas within a county.JEL: H77; Q53
Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and liver metabolomic changes during brain death
Authors: Tao R. , Guo W. , Li T. , Wang Yong , Wang Pan-liang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The causative link between brain death and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis is unclear, and the distortion in liver metabolism caused by brain death requires further exploration. Methods: A rat model of brain death was constructed and sustained for 9 hours. Intestinal contents and portal vein plasma were collected for microbiota sequencing and microbial metabolite detection. Liver tissue was resected to investigate metabolic alterations, and the results were compared with those of a sham group. Results: Microbiota dysbiosis occurred at the family and genus levels after 9 hours of brain death. Microbial metabolites remained unchanged in both the intestinal contents and portal vein plasma. Liver metabolic function deteriorated, and the levels of 80% of the differential metabolites decreased in the brain-dead rats. Most of the differential metabolites were related to energy metabolism. Conclusions: Brain death resulted in microbiota dysbiosis in rats; however, this dysbiosis did not alter microbial metabolites. Deterioration in liver metabolic function during extended periods of brain death may reflect a continuous worsening in energy deficiency.
SGLT2 inhibitors attenuate nephrin loss and enhance TGF-β1 excretion in type 2 diabetes patients with albuminuria
Authors: Tian Yuan , Chen Xiao-min , Liang Xian-ming , Wu Xiao-bin , Yao Chun-meng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on albuminuria, nephrin(NPH) and transforming-growth-factor-beta1(TGF-β1) expression in urine, glucose and lipid metabolism, low grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes(T2D ) patients.Methods: Sixty-eight patients with T2D were divided into three groups according urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR), UACR<30mg/g, UACR≧30mg/g to≦300mg/g and UACR˃300mg/g, who all received SGLT2i treatment for 12 weeks. The expression of NPH, UACR and TGF-β1 in urine were measured as indications of podocyte injury and renal fibrosis. Low grade inflammation was assessed by the levels of IL-6,TNFα and hsCRP.Results: After 12 weeks SGLT2i treatment, UACR and NPH remarkably decreased, TGF-β1 dramatically increased in urine in T2D with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria groups, NPH(1.12[0.59, 1.29] vs 0.71[0.41, 1.07] ug/ml, P=0.022) and (1.29[0.99, 1.96] vs 0.93[0.57, 1.31]ug/ml, P=0.002), UTGF-β1(4.88±1.31 vs 7.27±1.21pg/ml, P˂0.001) and (4.30±1.34 vs 6.78±2.59pg/ml, P˂0.001), respectively. Stepwise multiple regression analyses show that TGF-β1, BMI, UACR, HDL-C, TNFα and IL-6 have significant effects on NPH levels.Conclusions: Our study showed that SGLT2i alleviate nephrin loss and enhance TGF-β1 excretion in urine in T2DM with albuminuria. The anti-albuminuric effect of SGLT2i could be attributed to mitigating podocyte apoptosis and attenuating renal fibrosis.Trial registration: This clinical trial has been registered on September 30, 2019 in ClinicalTrials.gov and the registry number is NCT04127084.
Healthier Energy Balance Behaviors Most Important for Health-Related Quality of Life in Rural Cancer Survivors in Central Pennsylvania
Authors: Olson Jenny L. , Robertson Michael , Chen Minxing , Conroy David E. , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Mama Scherezade K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Rural cancer survivors experience poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL) than urban cancer survivors. Lifestyle behaviors can improve HRQoL; however, the combination of behaviors most important for HRQoL in rural survivors is unclear. This study aimed to identify clusters of lifestyle behaviors in rural cancer survivors, and differences in HRQoL between behavioral clusters. Methods: Rural cancer survivors in the United States (N = 219) completed a cross-sectional survey. Lifestyle behaviors were classified into unhealthy/healthy binary categories (i.e., inactive/active, longer/shorter sedentary time, excessive/acceptable fat intake, very low/higher fruit and vegetable intake, some/no alcohol consumption, poor/good sleep quality). Behavioral clusters were identified by latent class analysis. Differences between behavioral clusters and HRQoL were assessed by ordinary-least-squares regression. Results: The two-class model demonstrated the best fit and interpretability. The ‘mostly unhealthy behaviors’ class (38.5% of sample) had higher probabilities of all unhealthy behaviors, except alcohol consumption. The ‘healthier energy balance’ class (61.5% of sample) had higher probabilities of active, shorter sedentary, higher fruit and vegetable, excessive fat intake, some alcohol consumption, and poor sleep categories, and reported better HRQoL. Conclusion: The combination of healthier energy balance behaviors appears to be particularly relevant for HRQoL in rural cancer survivors. Multiple behavior change interventions to improve HRQoL in rural cancer survivors should focus on supporting energy balance behaviors. Many rural cancer survivors may lead very unhealthy lifestyles, placing them at high risk of adverse outcomes. This sub-population should be prioritized to help alleviate cancer health disparities.
Coupling of silicon and carbon cycling influences CO2 exchange between the oceans and atmosphere
Authors: Akagi Tasuku , Nishino Hirotaka 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The processes whereby remineralization of dissolved or particulate organic carbon occurs in the oceans are poorly understood. We show that oceanic distribution of total inorganic carbon, TIC, is correlated with silicic acid concentration in deep water over a wide area, for a given concentration of other nutrients. Examination of existing datasets reveals that the attendant slope (ΔTIC/ΔSi) range is ~ 0.4−0.8. This C-Si stoichiometric relationship necessitates a re-evaluation of the cycling of oceanic Si and C and the factors that determine whether ocean water is a CO2 source or sink. Silicic acid in the deep ocean derives from weathering of silicate minerals, with aqueous CO2 consumption balanced by the oxidation of organic carbon, perhaps microbially. In the deep ocean, aeolian dust – rather than fluvial input – is probably the major source of silicic acid. The CO2 balance between “CO2 absorbing” dust weathering and “CO2 releasing” organic carbon oxidation governs CO2 exchange between the ocean and atmosphere. The C-Si stoichiometry collapses in upwelling areas of the North Pacific and Southern Oceans, resulting in the release of CO2 from those regions.
Performance comparison of different approaches in genotyping MHC-DRB: the contrast between single-locus and multi-locus species
Authors: Svetličić Ida , Konjević Dean , Bužan Elena , Bujanić Miljenko , Duniš Luka , Stipoljev Sunčica , Martinčić Jelena , Šurina Mihaela , Galov Ana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are widely recognised as valuable markers for wildlife genetic studies given their extreme polymorphism and functional importance in fitness-related traits. Newly developed genotyping methods, which rely on the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), are gradually replacing traditional cloning and Sanger sequencing methods in MHC genotyping studies. Allele calling in NGS methods remains challenging due to extreme polymorphism and locus multiplication in the MHC coupled with allele amplification bias and generation of artificial sequences. In this study, we compared the performance of molecular cloning with Illumina and Ion Torrent NGS sequencing in MHC-DRB genotyping of single-locus species (roe deer) and species with multiple DRB loci (red deer) in an attempt to adopt a reliable and straightforward method for future deer genotyping projects. For high-throughput data processing, we applied the Amplicon Sequencing Analysis Tools aiming to avoid complex bioinformatic analyses. Our results show that all methods work similarly well in roe deer, but we demonstrate non-consistency in results across methods in red deer. With Illumina sequencing, we detected a maximum number of alleles in 10 red deer individuals (42), regardless of the number of reads used for data analysis. Other methods were somewhat less accurate as they scored 69–81% of alleles detected with Illumina sequencing.
Imperatorin derivative OW1, a new vasoactive compound, attenuates cell proliferation and migration by inhibiting Nox1-mediated oxidative stress
Authors: Zhou Nan , Yong Suyun , Shi Xianpeng , Zhang Peng , Wang Jianhua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Vascular remodeling is the common pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In previous studies, we identified a new imperatorin derivative, OW1, that had significant effects on vasodilation and inhibited vascular remodeling. OW1 reduced blood pressure and microvascular remodeling in thoracic aorta, heart, and kidney, and inhibited peroxide levels in serum from hypertensive rats. Blood shear stress and Ang II induced increases in ROS levels that were dependent on Nox1 activation. In the present study, we investigated whether OW1 could inhibit vascular cell proliferation and migration through attenuation of Nox1-ROS signaling. Methods and results: OW1 (1, 3, 10 µmol/L) inhibited Ang II-induced increases in peroxidation levels (LPO, SOD and ROS levels) in VSMCs and HUVECs. Ang II-induced increases in mRNA and protein levels of Noxs (Nox1, p22phox, p47phox, NoxA1/p67phox, and Nox2/gp91phox) in VSMCs and HUVECs were also inhibited by OW1. Besides, OW1 attenuated cell proliferation and migration through the MAPK pathway and MMPs in HUVEC. However, OW1 treatment had no significant effects on cell migration, ROS levels and the expression of phosphorylated MAPKs in VSMCs when Nox1 gene knockout. OW1-mediated downregulation of ROS levels and the expression of phosphorylated MAPKs in NIH3T3 cells with a Nox1 overexpression plasmid. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that Ang II induced VSMC/HUVEC proliferation and migration via increases in Nox1 and intracellular peroxide levels. OW1 might inhibit vascular remodeling through downregulation of the Nox1-ROS-MAPK/MMP signaling pathways. OW1 is expected to serve as a new therapeutic target associated with peroxide levels for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Comparison of next-generation sequencing and cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2 in detecting EGFR mutations
Authors: Murakami Shuji , Yokose Tomoyuki , Shinada Kanako , Isaka Testuya , Katakura Seigo , Ushio Ryouta , Kondo Tetsuro , Kato Terufumi , Ito Hiroyuki , Saito Haruhiro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Targeting oncogenic driver mutations, such as sensitizing mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR), significantly improves the prognosis of patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC). As the number of genetic mutations that must be tested increases, the Oncomine Dx Target Test (ODxTT), which can simultaneously detect multiple cancer-related genes, is becoming the main test used, in preference to single-molecule testing. In this study, we evaluated the performance of ODxTT and cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2 (cobas® EGFR), one of the single-molecule tests, in detecting EGFR mutations.Materials and methods: Samples from 211 patients who had been diagnosed with NS-NSCLC were tested simultaneously or sequentially with the cobas® EGFR Mutation Test and ODxTT. We compared the success rates and detection rates of both tests and evaluated their equivalence by determining the concordance rate and k-coefficient of the two tests.Results: The success rate in detecting EGFR mutations was 95.7% for ODxTT and 100% for cobas® EGFR. EGFR mutations were detected in 26.5% of samples with ODxTT and in 28.0% with cobas® EGFR. For the 200 samples successfully analyzed with both tests, the concordance rate and k-coefficient were 97.5% and 0.938, respectively. ODxTT failed to detect two exon 19 deletion mutations (p.E746_P753delinsVS and p.E746_P753delinsLS), and cobas® EGR failed to detect three instances of an exon 19 deletion (p.L747_P753delinsS), L861R, and an exon 20 insertion (p.P772_H733insV).Discussion: The success rate of ODxTT is slightly inferior to that of cobas® EGFR. ODxTT shared a high concordance rate and k-coefficient with cobas® EGFR in detecting EGFR mutations, but discordant results between the two tests were observed in a few cases, mainly due to the difference of detectable EGFR variants. Therefore, the advantages and limitations of each test must be clarified to ensure that genomic testing methods are used properly.
Predicting and Developing Mine Water Quality Index using Data Mining Techniques and Mathematical Approach
Authors: Singh Kulshresth , Mukhopadhyay Sudipta , Banerjee Indrajit 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study shows how to use data mining techniques to anticipate and develop a mine water quality index. This study also illustrates the mathematical expression for calculating the mine water quality index and evaluating the anticipated model using a quantitative method. The prediction framework used traditional classification and regression data mining approaches to describe water quality. The test has been carried out using historical real-time monitoring data sets. A k-fold cross-validation approach has been utilized to create predictive environment learning and testing models. The accuracy rate of the "decision trees" was determined to be 97.30 % and 99.50 %, respectively, based on the findings of the validation of the training and test models, which is greater than the other classification techniques. MAE, RMSE, MSE, and R-squared metrics were calculated to measure prediction accuracies and model performance in regression analysis. This study's R-squared value is 1, indicating that the regression model is free of errors. This study shows that data mining techniques may accurately forecast the Mine Water Quality Index.
Kidney stone management in the era of miniaturized PCNL: Does it improve safety?
Authors: Sakly Aymen , Zakhama Walid , Chafik Anas , Manita Mouez , Mnasser Aymen , Binous Yassine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectif: The aim of this study is to compare the safety and the outcomes of standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (sPCNL) vs mini-PCNL (mPCNL).Methods: We conducted a retrospective comparative study over a 2-year period of all consecutive patients who underwent sPCNL or mPCNL for 2-4 cm renal stones. Patients with active urinary tract infection, abnormal coagulopathy state, malformative uropathies and multi-tract-access procedures were excluded. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon in the supine-modified position. In total, 90 patients underwent sPCNL using a 30 Fr access sheath with 24Fr nephroscope while 52 patients underwent mPCNL using a minimally invasive PCNL system: 12 Fr nephroscope and a 16.5/17.5F access sheath after one single step dilation. Blood loss estimation was assessed postoperatively after 6 hours by considering hemoglobin drop and blood transfusion if required. Stone free rate (SFR) at one month was defined by the absence of stone or residual fragments ≤ 3mm on CT-scan.Results: Stone characteristics were comparable in both treatment arms. The mean stone size was comparable for sPCNL and mPCNL groups (32.6 ± 10.8 mm vs 29.4 ± 11.8 mm). Operative time was longer in the mPCNL group (124 ± 40.4 min vs 95.8 ± 32.3 min, p<0.001). According to the Clavien–Dindo classification, no statistical difference was found between the groups in terms of complication rate (p=0.092). However, the mean of hemoglobin drop and transfusion rate were significantly in favor of mPCNL (1.43 ± 1.5 g/dcL vs 0.88 ± 1.4 g/dcL, p=0.04). Hospital stay was found to be significantly shorter for patients undergoing mPCNL (4.4 ± 3.9 days vs 2.7 ± 1.7 days, p<0.001). The success rate in the sPCNL group was higher than mPCNL group in terms of stone clearance at one month, but this difference was not statistically significant (69.4% vs 62.7%, p=0.06).Conclusion: Both standard and minimally invasive PCNL have shown good outcomes in the treatment of renal stones ≥ 20 mm. Although the SFR was equal for both techniques, hospital stay, bleeding and transfusion rate are much lower with the use of mPCNL.