bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestational heat stress alters skeletal muscle gene expression profiles and vascularity in fetal pigs in a sexually dimorphic manner
Authors: Zhao Weicheng , Green Mark P. , Marth Christina D. , Liu Fan , Le Hieu H. , Lynch Gordon S. , Bell Alan W. , Leury Brian J. , Dunshea Frank R. , Cottrell Jeremy J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
There is evidence that sow heat stress (HS) during gestation affects fetal development with implications for impaired muscle growth. We have previously demonstrated that maternal HS during early to mid-gestation compromised muscle fibre hyperplasia in developing fetal pigs. Thus, we hypothesised these phenotypic changes are associated with a change in expression of genes regulating fetal skeletal muscle development and metabolism. To test this, at d 60 of gestation, RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry were performed on fetal longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle biopsies collected from pregnant gilts that had experienced either thermoneutral control (CON, 20 °C, n = 7 gilts, 18 LD samples) or controlled HS (cyclic 28 to 33 °C, n = 8 gilts, 23 LD samples) conditions for 3 weeks.

Results
A total of 282 genes were differentially expressed between the HS and CON groups in female LD muscles (false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05), whereas no differentially expressed genes were detected in male LD muscles between the two groups (FDR > 0.05). Gestational HS increased the expression of genes associated with transcription corepressor activity, adipogenesis cascades, negative regulation of angiogenesis and pro-inflammatory signalling in female LD muscles. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a decreased muscle vascularity density in fetuses from HS group for both sexes compared to those from the CON group (P = 0.004).

Conclusions
These results reveal gilt HS during early to mid-gestation altered gene expression profiles in fetal LD muscles in a sexually dimorphic manner. The molecular responses, including transcription and angiogenesis repressions and enhanced adipogenesis cascades, were exclusively observed in females. However, the associated reductions in muscle vascularity were observed independently of sexes. Collectively this may indicate female fetal pigs are more adaptive to gestational HS in terms of gene expression changes, and/or there may be sexually dimorphic differences with respect to the timing of muscle molecular responses to gestational HS.
Dietary resistant starch ameliorating lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in meat ducks associated with the alteration in gut microbiome and glucagon-like peptide 1 signaling
Authors: Qin Simeng , Bai Weiqiang , Applegate Todd J. , Zhang Keying , Tian Gang , Ding Xuemei , Bai Shiping , Wang Jianping , Lv Li , Peng Huanwei , Xuan Yue , Zeng Quifeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Consumption of resistant starch (RS) has been associated with various intestinal and systemic health benefits, but knowledge of its effects on intestinal health and inflammatory response in stressed birds is limited. Here, we examined how dietary RS supplementation from 12% raw potato starch (RPS) modulated inflammatory severity induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in meat ducks.

Results
LPS administration at 14, 16, and 18 d (chronic challenge) decreased body weight (BW) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) level with higher intestinal permeability and inflammation, evident by higher pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Dietary 12% RPS supplementation enhanced Claudin-1 and GLP-1R expression, along with lower levels of inflammatory factors in both ileum and serum. Microbiome analysis showed that RS treatment shifted microbial structure reflected by enriched the proportion of Firmicutes, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus, etc. Dietary RS addition also significantly increased the concentrations of propionate and butyrate during chronic LPS challenge. Furthermore, response to acute challenge, the ducks received 2 mg/kg BW LPS at 14 d had higher concentrations of serum endotoxins and inflammatory cytokines, as well as upregulated transcription of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) in ileum when compared to control birds. Analogous to GLP-1 agonist liraglutide, dietary RS addition decreased endotoxins and inflammation cytokines, whereas it upregulated the GLP-1 synthesis related genes expression. Meanwhile, dietary RS supplementation suppressed the acute LPS challenge-induced TLR4 transcription.

Conclusions
These data suggest that dietary 12% RPS supplementation could attenuate the LPS-induced inflammation as well as intestinal injury of meat ducks, which might involve in the alteration in gut microbiota, SCFAs production and the signaling pathways of TLR4 and GLP-1/GLP-1R.
Human adaptation to high altitude: a review of convergence between genomic and proteomic signatures
Authors: Sharma Vandana , Varshney Rajeev , Sethy Niroj Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBoth genomics- and proteomics-based investigations have identified several essential genes, proteins, and pathways that may facilitate human adaptive genotype/phenotype in a population-specific manner. This comprehensive review provides an up-to-date list of genes and proteins identified for human adaptive responses to high altitudes. Genomics studies for indigenous high-altitude populations like Tibetans, Andeans, Ethiopians, and Sherpas have identified 169 genes under positive natural selection. Similarly, global proteomics studies have identified 258 proteins (± 1.2-fold or more) for Tibetan, Sherpa, and Ladakhi highlanders. The primary biological processes identified for genetic signatures include hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-mediated oxygen sensing, angiogenesis, and erythropoiesis. In contrast, major biological processes identified for proteomics signatures include 14–3-3 mediated sirtuin signaling, integrin-linked kinase (ILK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), and integrin signaling. Comparing genetic and protein signatures, we identified 7 common genes/proteins (HBB/hemoglobin subunit beta, TF/serotransferrin, ANGPTL4/angiopoietin-related protein 4, CDC42/cell division control protein 42 homolog, GC/vitamin D-binding protein, IGFBP1/insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1, and IGFBP2/insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2) involved in crucial molecular functions like IGF-1 signaling, LXR/RXR activation, ferroptosis signaling, iron homeostasis signaling and regulation of cell cycle. Our combined multi-omics analysis identifies common molecular targets and pathways for human adaptation to high altitude. These observations further corroborate convergent positive selection of hypoxia-responsive molecular pathways in humans and advocate using multi-omics techniques for deciphering human adaptive responses to high altitude.
Environmental exposures and lymphoma risk: a nested case–control study using the Golden Retriever Lifetime Study cohort
Authors: Luethcke Kristofer R. , Trepanier Lauren A. , Tindle Ashleigh N. , Labadie Julia D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLymphoma is the second most common cancer affecting Golden Retrievers and is hypothesized to arise through a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this nested case–control study was to investigate the association between potential environmental pollutant sources and lymphoma risk among Golden Retrievers participating in the Golden Retriever Lifetime Study. Forty-nine Golden Retrievers with non-cutaneous lymphoma and 98 Golden Retrievers without a history of cancer matched by age, sex and neuter status were selected from the Golden Retriever Lifetime Study cohort. Geographic proximity between each dog’s primary residence and nine potential sources of environmental pollution was determined. In addition, the average annual ozone and airborne fine particulate matter levels for each dog’s county of residence and owner-reported secondhand smoke exposure were evaluated. Environmental pollution sources of interest included chemical plants, municipal dumps, manufacturing plants, incineration plants, railroad embankment tracks, landfills, coal plants, high-voltage transmission lines, and nuclear power plants. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each exposure of interest. Subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate whether associations differed among 1) dogs with multicentric lymphoma, 2) dogs with B-cell lymphoma, and 3) dogs with T-cell lymphoma. No variables reached statistical significance when evaluating all cases together. However, cumulative exposure burden (household proximity to 3 or more pollution sources) approached significance within the multicentric lymphoma subgroup (OR = 2.60, 95%CI 0.99–6.86, p-value = 0.053). Patterns emerged among B- and T-cell subgroups, but none reached statistical significance. Ongoing research is warranted to discern if different environmental mechanisms may be driving B- and T-cell lymphoma immunophenotypes, consistent with previously reported regional differences in subtype prevalence.
Classifying oscillatory brain activity associated with Indian Rasas using network metrics
Authors: Pandey Pankaj , Tripathi Richa , Miyapuram Krishna Prasad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeural signatures for the western classification of emotions have been widely discussed in the literature. The ancient Indian treatise on performing arts known asNatyashastracategorizes emotions into nine classes, known asRasas.Rasa—as opposed to a pure emotion—is defined as a superposition of certain transitory, dominant, and temperamental emotional states. AlthoughRasas have been widely discussed in the text, dedicated brain imaging studies have not been conducted in their research. Our study examines the neural oscillations, recorded through electroencephalography (EEG) imaging, that are elicited while experiencing emotional states corresponding toRasas. We identify differences among them using network-based functional connectivity metrics in five different frequency bands. Further, Random Forest models are trained on the extracted network features, and we present our findings based on classifier predictions. We observe slow (delta) and fast brain waves (beta and gamma) exhibited the maximum discriminating features betweenRasas, whereas alpha and theta bands showed fewer distinguishable pairs. Out of nineRasas, Sringaram (love), Bibhatsam (odious), and Bhayanakam (terror) were distinguishable from otherRasas the most across frequency bands. On the scale of most network metrics, Raudram (rage) and Sringaram are on the extremes, which also resulted in their good classification accuracy of 95%. This is reminiscent of the circumplex model where anger and contentment/happiness are on extremes on the pleasant scale. Interestingly, our results are consistent with the previous studies which highlight the significant role of higher frequency oscillations in the classification of emotions, in contrast to the alpha band that has shows non-significant differences across emotions. This research contributes to one of the first attempts to investigate the neural correlates ofRasas. Therefore, the results of this study can potentially guide the explorations into the entrainment of brain oscillations between performers and viewers, which can further lead to better performances and viewer experience.
Screening of gastrointestinal symptoms and celiac disease in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Ahmed Eman , Mansour Amira , Amer Ayman , Barakat Tarek , Baz Hemmat 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to evaluate the GIT manifestation in Autistic children and relate it to the degree of autism to demonstrate the possible connection between celiac disease and autism. An observational cross-sectional study with analytic component was carried out on 114 children with autism spectrum disorder above 3 years who visited to Phoniatric Unit, Mansoura University Hospitals and were separated into three groups according to DSM-V each of them contained 38 children, group I (children with level I ASD), group II (children with level II ASD), and group III (children with level III ASD).

Results
Fifty percent of ASD children in the studied groups showed at least one GIT symptom. Constipation was the most common symptom. The existence of gastrointestinal signs was shown to have a substantial link with the severity of autism. None of the youngsters had celiac disease.

Conclusion
Gastrointestinal issues are frequent in ASD children and may lead to ASD behavioral symptoms. It is possible that children with more severe autism are more prone to suffer from gastrointestinal issues, and the other way around. This research found no evidence to demonstrate a connection between autism spectrum disorder and celiac illness.
Significant perspectives on various viral infections targeted antiviral drugs and vaccines including COVID-19 pandemicity
Authors: Arumugam Gandarvakottai Senthilkumar , Damodharan Kannan , Doble Mukesh , Thennarasu Sathiah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA virus enters a living organism and recruits host metabolism to reproduce its own genome and proteins. The viral infections are intricate and cannot be completely removed through existing antiviral drugs. For example, the herpes, influenza, hepatitis and human immunodeficiency viruses are a few dreadful ones amongst them. Significant studies are needed to understand the viral entry and their growth in host cells to design effective antivirals. This review emphasizes the range of therapeutical antiviral drugs, inhibitors along with vaccines to fight against viral pathogens, especially for combating COVID-19. Moreover, we have provided the basic and in depth information about viral targets, drugs availability, their mechanisms of action, method of prevention of viral diseases and highlighted the significances of anticoagulants, convalescent plasma for COVID-19 treatment, scientific details of airborne transmission, characteristics of antiviral drug delivery using nanoparticles/carriers, nanoemulsions, nanogels, metal based nanoparticles, alike the future nanosystems through nanobubbles, nanofibers, nanodiamonds, nanotraps, nanorobots and eventually, the therapeutic applications of micro- and nanoparticulates, current status for clinical development against COVID-19 together with environmental implications of antivirals, gene therapy etc., which may be useful for repurposing and designing of novel antiviral drugs against various dreadful diseases, especially the SARS-CoV-2 and other associated variants.
Spontaneous transport of water nanodroplets on graphene and hexagonal boron nitride in-plane heterostructure
Authors: Hao Shaoqian , Wang Wenyuan , Kou Jianlong , Wu Fengmin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Developing a surface inducing water droplets to transport spontaneously is very important to energy conversion. Here we demonstrate by the molecular dynamics simulations that a water nanodroplet on graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) in-plane heterostructure can move spontaneously from the narrower end of the wedge-shaped h-BN track to the wider end. The driving force comes from the capillary force caused by the surface energy gradient at the edge of the connection, which is attributed to the different interactions of the water nanodroplet with graphene and h-BN. The energy analysis shows that the h-BN acts as a driving force, while graphene as a hindrance. We analyze the forces exerted on the water droplet and propose a theoretical model which indicates that the moving speed of the water nanodroplet can be controlled by the wedge angle and temperature. The present study suggests that the graphene/h-BN heterostructure is a potential material for driving droplets motion and can be explored to find applications in microfluidic systems.
The evolution from BCS to Bose pairing in two-band superfluids: Quantum phase transitions and crossovers by tuning band offset and interactions
Authors: Shi Yue-Ran , Zhang Wei , Sá de Melo C. A. R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We show that in two-band s-wave superfluids it is possible to induce quantum phase transitions (QPTs) by tuning intraband and interband s-wave interactions, in sharp contrast to single-band s-wave superfluids, where only a crossover between Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) and Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) superfluidity occurs. For non-zero interband and attractive intraband interactions, we demonstrate that the ground state has always two interpenetrating superfluids possessing three spectroscopically distinct regions where pairing is qualitatively different: I) BCS pairing in both bands (BCS-BCS), II) BCS pairing in one band and BEC pairing in the other (BCS-BEC), and III) Bose pairing in both bands (BEC-BEC). Furthermore, we show that by fine tuning the interband interactions to zero one can induce QPTs in the ground state between three distinct superfluid phases. There are two phases where only one band is superfluid (S
1 or S
2), and one phase where both bands are superfluid

, a situation which is absent in one-band s-wave systems. Lastly, we suggest that these crossovers and QPTs may be observed in multi-component systems such as 6Li, 40K, 87Sr, and 173Yb.
Adaptive movement strategy may promote biodiversity in the rock-paper-scissors model
Authors: Menezes J. , Tenorio M. , Rangel E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We study the role of the adaptive movement strategy in promoting biodiversity in cyclic models described by the rock-paper-scissors game rules. We assume that individuals of one out of the species may adjust their movement to escape hostile regions and stay longer in their comfort zones. Running a series of stochastic simulations, we calculate the alterations in the spatial patterns and population densities in scenarios where not all organisms are physically or cognitively conditioned to perform the behavioural strategy. Although the adaptive movement strategy is not profitable in terms of territorial dominance for the species, it may promote biodiversity. Our findings show that if all individuals are apt to move adaptively, coexistence probability increases for intermediate mobility. The outcomes also show that even if not all individuals can react to the signals received from the neighbourhood, biodiversity is still benefited, but for a shorter mobility range. We find that the improvement in the coexistence conditions is more accentuated if organisms adjust their movement intensely and can receive sensory information from longer distances. We also discover that biodiversity is slightly promoted for high mobility if the proportion of individuals participating in the strategy is low. Our results may be helpful for biologists and data scientists to understand adaptive process learning in system biology.
Reduction of Nonoperative Time Using the Induction Room, Parallel Processing, and Sugammadex: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kaddoum Roland , Tarraf Said , Shebbo Fadia M. , Bou Ali Arwa , Karam Cynthia , Abi Shadid Carol , Bouez Joanna , Aouad Marie T. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
An important variable in the operating room is the nonoperative time (NOT), the time between skin closure on a previous case and skin incision on the following case. Mismanagement of NOT can result in significant financial losses and delays in the operating room (OR) schedule, which can negatively impact efficiency and patient, surgeon, and staff satisfaction. NOT includes general anesthesia induction time (IT), emergence time (ET), and turnover time (TOT), and can be calculated by adding the 3 components. OR efficiency can be increased by applying parallel processing for general anesthesia induction and OR cleaning and reversal of neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex to reduce the 3 components of NOT without compromising patient safety.

METHODS:
This is a prospective, randomized study of 111 patients 18 to 75 years of age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I–III, undergoing surgery requiring general anesthesia and muscle relaxation. Patients were randomly assigned to the control group (traditional linear processing for induction of anesthesia and OR cleaning and neuromuscular blockade reversal with neostigmine/glycopyrrolate) and the active group (parallel processing for induction of anesthesia and OR cleaning and neuromuscular blockade reversal with sugammadex). The primary outcome measured is the difference in the NOT. The secondary outcomes are surgeon and patient satisfaction.

RESULTS:
NOT was significantly shorter in patients who underwent the parallel processing strategy and received sugammadex compared to the patients in the control group (25.0 [18.0–44.0] vs 48.0 [40.0–64.5] minutes; Cliff’ delta = 0.57; P < .001). After excluding the cases in the experimental group that were put into sleep in the OR (ie, the first case of the room), IT, ET, TOT, and NOT were further reduced and remained statistically significantly lower than the control group. Satisfaction scores from surgeons were significantly higher in the active group than in the control group (P < .001). There was no significant difference in the satisfaction scores of patients between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study showed that interventions, such as parallel processing during induction of anesthesia and room cleaning instead of linear processing and the use of the faster-acting sugammadex instead of the combination of neostigmine and glycopyrrolate for the reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade, resulted in shorter IT, ET, TOT, and therefore NOT, in addition to higher surgeon’s satisfaction.
Delayed Cervical Carotid Revascularization After Missile Injury: A Technical Case Report
Authors: Housley Steven B. , Waqas Muhammad , Cappuzzo Justin M. , Metcalf-Doetsch William N. , Spiro Richard M. , Levy Elad I. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
Penetrating missile injury to the carotid arteries may lead to catastrophic hemorrhagic and/or ischemic complications. The incidence of carotid injury in patients with penetrating cervical trauma (PCT) is 11% to 13%, with most cases involving the common carotid artery (73%), followed by the internal carotid artery (ICA) (22%) and external carotid artery (5%). Approximately 50% of PCT cases result in mortality, with specific injury to the carotid arteries carrying nearly a 100% mortality rate. Although historically limited because most patients do not survive these serious injuries, treatment has become more feasible with advancements in endovascular techniques and technologies.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A young man presented to our trauma center after sustaining a gunshot wound to the right neck, leading to significant hemorrhage and ultimately a Biffl grade IV ICA injury. He was taken emergently to the operating room for cervical exploration and hemostasis. A computed tomography stroke study performed after initial stabilization revealed complete right ICA occlusion with increased time-to-peak in the right hemisphere. The patient was resuscitated to maintain sufficient cerebral perfusion pressure. Later, once hemodynamic stability was achieved, the patient underwent confirmatory angiography, followed by complete ICA revascularization using a balloon guide catheter to achieve flow arrest and placement of multiple carotid stents. He made a good neurological recovery.

CONCLUSION:
Endovascular carotid artery revascularization may be performed successfully in the subacute phase after PCT. The use of flow arrest obtained with a balloon guide catheter assists in preventing catastrophic hemorrhage in the event of rupture.