bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adipose tissue deficiency impairs transient lipid accumulation and delays liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy in male Seipin knockout mice
Authors: Dong Qianqian , Liu Ziwei , Ma Yidan , Chen Xin , Wang Xiaowei , Tang Jinye , Ma Kexin , Liang Chenxi , Wang Mengyu , Wu Xiaoqin , Liu Yang , Zhou Yaru , Yang Hongyuan , Gao Mingming 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundLiver diseases pose significant health challenges, underscoring the importance of understanding liver regeneration mechanisms. Systemic adipose tissue is thought to be a primary source of lipids and energy during this process; however, empirical data on the effects of adipose tissue deficiency are limited. This study investigates the role of adipose tissue in liver regeneration, focusing on transient regeneration‐associated steatosis (TRAS) and hepatocyte proliferation using a Seipin knockout mouse model that mimics severe human lipodystrophy. Additionally, the study explores therapeutic strategies through adipose tissue transplantation.MethodsMale Seipin knockout (Seipin−/−) and wild‐type (WT) mice underwent 2/3 partial hepatectomy (PHx). Liver and plasma samples were collected at various time points post‐surgery. Histological assessments, lipid accumulation analyses and measurements of hepatocyte proliferation markers were conducted. Additionally, normal adipose tissue was transplanted into Seipin−/− mice to evaluate the restoration of liver regeneration.ResultsSeipin−/− mice exhibited significantly reduced liver regeneration rates and impaired TRAS, as evidenced by histological and lipid measurements. While WT mice demonstrated extensive hepatocyte proliferation at 48 and 72 h post‐PHx, characterised by increased mitotic cells, elevated proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki67 expression, Seipin−/− mice showed delayed hepatocyte proliferation. Notably, adipose tissue transplantation into Seipin−/− mice restored TRAS and improved liver regeneration and hepatocyte proliferation. Conversely, liver‐specific overexpression of Seipin in Seipin−/− mice did not affect TRAS or liver regeneration, indicating that the observed effects are primarily due to adipose tissue deficiency rather than hepatic Seipin itself.ConclusionsSystemic adipose tissue is essential for TRAS and effective liver regeneration following PHx. Its deficiency impairs these processes, while adipose tissue transplantation can restore normal liver function. These findings underscore the critical role of adipose tissue in liver recovery and suggest potential therapeutic strategies for liver diseases associated with lipodystrophies.Key points
Seipin−/− mice, which lack adipose tissue, exhibit significantly impaired TRAS and delayed liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy.
Transplantation of normal adipose tissue into Seipin−/− mice restores TRAS and enhances liver regeneration, highlighting the essential role of adipose tissue in these processes.
Liver‐specific overexpression of Seipin has no effect on TRAS and liver regeneration in Seipin−/− mice.
Cytologic Diagnosis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising From a Recurrent Cerebellopontine Angle Epidermoid Cyst in a 61‐Year‐Old Male
Authors: Elsarraj Hanan S. , Hogan Keenan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHere, we report an exceptionally rare event of malignant transformation of an intracranial epidermoid cyst into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), diagnosed through cerebrospinal fluid cytology. A 61‐year‐old male with a prior history of left retrosigmoid craniotomy and partial resection of a large cerebellopontine angle epidermoid tumor 13 years ago presented with acute mental status changes and weakness. Imaging revealed recurrent epidermoid cyst elements with associated obstructive hydrocephalus. The patient underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, and cerebrospinal fluid cytology revealed clusters of atypical epithelial cells. Further cytopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation confirmed a diagnosis of SCC. Despite the initiation of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the patient's condition deteriorated, and he passed away 2 months later. This case highlights the need for vigilance in monitoring patients with epidermoid cysts and that early detection through CSF cytology with confirmatory IHC provides a minimally invasive diagnostic pathway to guide rapid clinical decision‐making.
Temporal Trends in the Burden of Diabetes and Its Risk Factors Across the Western Pacific Region Between 1990 and 2044: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Liu Xinwei , Wu Bing , Lai Yongqiang , Zhang Xiyu , Li Hongyu , Qu Fangqi , Zhang Chenxi , Tian Yulu , Fu Xuelian , Li Jida , Yang Huiqi , Chen Rui , Shi Baoguo , Ma Yanan , Meng Jia , Li Ye 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimsWe aimed to assess changes in the burden of diabetes in the Western Pacific region (WPR) between 1990 and 2019, project future trends for 2020–2044, and identify the factors influencing these trends.Materials and MethodsData from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 were used to calculate the age‐standardised incidence rate (ASIR), age‐standardised death rate (ASDR) and age‐standardised disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) rate for diabetes in the region. The Nordpred model was used to predict diabetes‐related ASIR and ASDR trends over the next 25 years, and an age‐period‐cohort (APC) model analysed the effects of age, period and cohort. We examined the associations of ASIR, ASDR and age‐standardised DALYs rate per 100,000 population with the socio‐demographic index (SDI).ResultsWe observed an increasing trend in the incidence. Mortality increased in the lower‐middle income group and decreased slowly in the high‐ and upper‐middle income groups. High body mass index significantly affected diabetes, with an increasing influence over time, whereas that of tobacco showed a decreasing trend. The incidence of diabetes showed a trend towards occurring at a younger age, in a manner consistent with the economic development trend. Diabetes incidence and mortality showed the opposite trend in the high‐income group, with an increase in SDI.ConclusionsThe burden of diabetes is increasing in the WPR, in association with urbanisation and unhealthy lifestyles. Targeting the risk factors that affect all stages of the disease and managing them through multi‐agency collaboration may improve the quality of life in patients living with the condition.
Metabolic Profile of Etomidate and Its Three Analogs in Zebrafish, Human Liver Microsomes, Human Urine and Hair Samples Using UHPLC‐Q Exactive Orbitrap‐HRMS
Authors: Tang Yiling , Xu Linhao , Zhao Junbo , Qian Xiaoyu , Qiang Huosheng , Xiang Ping , Yan Hui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEtomidate is a short‐acting non‐barbiturate imidazole used as an intravenous anesthetic agent in humans, while metomidate and propoxate are common anesthetic drug for fishes. Today, etomidate, and its analogs, including isopropoxate, are increasingly abused, leading to many public malignant events. The goal of this work was to use liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS) to study the in vivo and in vitro metabolism of etomidate and its analogs in zebrafish, human liver microsomes (HLMs), human urine and hair samples. Eight metabolites of metomidate, 11 metabolites of etomidate, six metabolites of propoxate, and 10 metabolites of isopropoxate were detected in our study. The main metabolic pathways included hydroxylation, dealkylation, dehydrogenation, and glucuronidation. Etomidate acid and metomidate were detected in samples after metabolism of all four substances. Our results support the use of the monohydroxylated metabolites as metabolic biomarkers for etomidate and its analogs. Among the tested human samples, 38 samples showed one type of our targeted substances, and 20 samples showed two or more drugs. Thus, polydrug use in etomidate and its analogs was a phenomenon worth noting. This study is the first to identify target metabolic compounds for monitoring the abuse of etomidate and its analogs in human, and to provide insights into the in vivo and in vitro biotransformation of them.
Influence of Host Species, Location, and Aphid Prey on Microbial Diversity and Community Dynamics of Aphidophagous Ladybird Beetles in Guangxi, China
Authors: Chen Mei‐Lan , Huang Yu‐Hao , Cai Li‐Qun , Qin Xiang‐Miao , Meng Xin‐Yi , Li Hao‐Sen , Pang Hong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHost species, locations, and diet can significantly impact microbial diversity and community in insects. Several ladybird beetles are known as key predators and potential biological control agents for aphids. However, there is limited understanding of how host species, locations, and aphid prey influence the microbial diversity and community of aphidophagous ladybird beetles in natural environments. In this study, we collected 74 samples of ladybirds and their aphid prey from various locations in Guangxi, China, and sequenced the 16S amplicons to investigate differences in their microbiomes. The dominant genera in the ladybird samples, Bacteroides and Alistipes, were rarely reported as predominant in other ladybird populations, indicating a unique genus‐level microbial community pattern in Guangxi. Alpha diversity indices and Bray–Curtis distances varied significantly among ladybird species. Abundance analysis revealed that the relative abundance of dominant bacteria in aphidophagous ladybirds differed significantly among different ladybird species and locations. Although the primary and facultative aphid symbionts differed among aphid samples from various populations and locations, they had minimal direct impact on the microbial community of the aphidophagous ladybirds, being sporadically detected in the corresponding predator samples. Our findings provide insights into the microbial communities of ladybirds and aphids in sympatric and distinct field environments, highlighting the plasticity of microbial abundance in aphidophagous ladybirds across different ladybird species and locations, as well as the low retention rate of specific aphid symbionts in ladybird predators.
First evidence of a genetic basis for thermal adaptation in a schistosome host snail
Authors: Maes Tim , Verheyen Julie , Senghor Bruno , Mudavanhu Aspire , Schols Ruben , Hellemans Bart , Geslain Enora , Volckaert Filip A. M. , Gante Hugo F. , Huyse Tine 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFreshwater snails play a key role in the transmission of schistosomiasis, a tropical parasitic disease affecting over 150 million people. Adaptation of these snails to local climatic conditions is a critical factor in determining how climate change and other environmental factors influence disease transmission dynamics, yet this potential adaptation has remained unexplored. Bulinus truncatus is the schistosome intermediate host snail with the widest geographic distribution and is therefore an important factor determining the maximum range of urogenital schistosomiasis. In this study, we assessed the local adaptation capacity of B. truncatus to temperature through an integrative approach encompassing phenotypic, ecophysiological, and genomic data. Ten snail populations from diverse thermal environments were collected in three countries, with eight populations reared in a common garden. The F2 generation (N = 2304) was exposed to eight chronic temperature treatments (±36 snails/population/temperature treatment) and various life history traits were recorded for over 14 weeks. Subsequently, ecophysiological analyses were conducted on the 10 last surviving snails per population. Genotyping the parental generation collected in the field using a genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) approach, revealed 12,875 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), of which 4.91% were potentially under selection. We observed a significant association between outlier SNPs, temperature, and precipitation. Thermal adaptations in life history traits were evident, with lower survival rates at high temperatures of warm‐origin snails compensated for by higher reproduction rates. Cold‐origin snails, on the other hand, exhibited higher growth rates adapted to a shorter growing season. Ecophysiological adaptations included elevated sugar and hemoglobin contents in cold‐adapted snails. In contrast, warm‐adapted snails displayed not only increased protein levels but also more oxidative damage. Furthermore, heightened phenoloxidase levels indicated a more robust immune response in snails from parasite‐rich regions. These morphological and physiological differences provide convincing evidence for a genetic basis of local adaptation. This in turn holds profound implications for the snail's response to climate change, future schistosomiasis risk, and the effectiveness of schistosomiasis control measures.
Effect of Optimized Tilt Angle of PV Modules on Solar Irradiance for Residential and Commercial Buildings in Different Cities of Pakistan: Simulation‐Based Study
Authors: Manzoor Habib Ullah , Aaqib Sheikh Muhammad , Manzoor Tareq , Azeem Fawad , Ashraf Muhammad Waqas , Manzoor Sanaullah 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe tilt angle of a solar PV panel is a critical factor in improving the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems. While tracking systems can enhance performance, they are typically not cost‐effective for residential areas. Alternatively, setting an optimized fixed tilt angle or adjusting the tilt seasonally can mitigate power losses. This study evaluates optimal seasonal tilt angles and the corresponding solar radiation on PV panels for 10 major cities across Pakistan. A novel mathematical framework is proposed to calculate the optimal tilt angle using parameters such as alignment, azimuth, gradient, and temporal angles. Seasonal adjustments are shown to increase solar intensity from to during winter, significantly enhancing output power. For instance, an improvement of up to in output power density was observed at the Quaid‐e‐Azam Solar Park using crystalline solar cells. These findings demonstrate the potential for substantial improvements in solar power production through seasonally optimized tilt angles, particularly during the shorter winter days.
Data Sharing and Evaluation: Evaluation's Role in Improving the Quality of Open Science Data Sharing Platforms
Authors: Jacobson Miriam R. , Baker Stephanie N. , Yang Yiwen , Childs Joshua , Wang Zhuoying , Garbrecht Lisa S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTData sharing platforms are vital open science tools that facilitate research collaboration and data dissemination. Evaluating these platforms helps ensure they meet open science standards by assessing their accessibility, utility, and impact. This article shares a case example from a user experience evaluation of an open science data sharing platform, which collected mixed methods data from users, stakeholders, and the platform's website. In describing the case example, the authors aimed to understand the role of evaluation in helping the platform adhere to open science practices and to identify opportunities for evaluators to use similar types of platforms to enhance their evaluation practice. The evaluation team used open science principles to design their evaluation, which aligned with evaluation values of inclusion, transparency, and utility. The evaluation provided useful data for understanding platform users’ perspectives on the platform and perceptions of its impact. The case example suggests that open science data sharing platforms could provide many benefits for the evaluation field, such as offering ways to collaborate with others, strengthening the quality of evaluation studies, and improving the availability of data. However, to increase engagement of evaluators in data sharing platforms, it is important to build partnerships between evaluators and platform developers, design training and outreach for evaluators, and research how existing data sharing platforms can be further developed to serve the evaluation community.
Open Science for Evaluation Use: How Applying Open Science Principles Can Further Open up Evaluation
Authors: Goodier Sarah 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis article explores how open science principles can enhance evaluation practices. It identifies open science approaches that can be integrated at various stages of the evaluation process to improve the use and impact of evaluations within the evaluation community and society, thereby increasing their overall value. This article is relevant to evaluators at all career stages seeking to understand ways they could incorporate a more open approach, where possible, into their evaluation work and to all those involved in the evaluation field, including donors and program implementers, considering how they can maximize the broad contribution of evaluations they are involved in. The article provides a guiding framework of open science principles and open approaches relevant to the evaluation process, providing a starting point for evaluators interested in incorporating these approaches. The key message is that by applying an open science lens to their evaluations, evaluators can be empowered to explicitly think of the value their work could have for the evaluation community and society, beyond intended users for specific evaluations, and to drive knowledge creation for sharing and use in the broader field of evaluation.
Open Data in Evaluation: Implications and Challenges of Facilitating Data Interpretation Using Open Data
Authors: Villalobos Jennifer P. , Grandjean Targos Piper T. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis article explores the role of open data in evaluation, using a DEI (diversity, equity, and inclusion) evaluation case study of the outdoor recreation industry, to highlight data interpretation and multi‐year data infrastructure challenges. It argues that open data enhances transparency and provides practical benchmarks for meaningful interpretations. Our experience with Camber Outdoors (CO) illustrates how having accessible data could have mitigated early evaluation challenges by providing meaningful comparison data. The discussion explores how open data aligns with evaluator competence and addresses the barriers to its adoption, including ethical considerations, resource constraints, and data privacy issues. We advocate for professional development and strategic incentives to foster safe, data‐driven environments that encourage open data practices and advance evaluation scholarship.
Understanding the Link Between Functional Profiles and Intelligence Through Dimensionality Reduction and Graph Analysis
Authors: Alberti Francesco , Menardi Arianna , Margulies Daniel S. , Vallesi Antonino 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThere is a growing interest in neuroscience for how individual‐specific structural and functional features of the cortex relate to cognitive traits. This work builds on previous research which, by using classical high‐dimensional approaches, has proven that the interindividual variability of functional connectivity (FC) profiles reflects differences in fluid intelligence. To provide an additional perspective into this relationship, the present study uses a recent framework for investigating cortical organization: functional gradients. This approach places local connectivity profiles within a common low‐dimensional space whose axes are functionally interpretable dimensions. Specifically, this study uses a data‐driven approach to model the association between FC variability and interindividual differences in intelligence. For one of these loci, in the right ventral‐lateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), we describe an association between fluid intelligence and the relative functional distance of this area from sensory and high‐cognition systems. Furthermore, the topological properties of this region indicate that, with decreasing functional affinity with high‐cognition systems, vlPFC functional connections are more evenly distributed across all networks. Participating in multiple functional networks may reflect a better ability to coordinate sensory and high‐order cognitive systems.
Are Wayfinding Abilities Correlated With Specific Brain Anatomy? An Investigation on Regular Car Drivers Using a Navigational Map in an Unknown Environment
Authors: Navarro Jordan , Ribot Jean , Schnebelen Damien , Seguin Perrine , Ouimet Marie Claude , Reynaud Emanuelle 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe ability to navigate spatially in the physical world is a fundamental cognitive skill. This study examines the anatomical correlates of map‐assisted wayfinding in an unfamiliar virtual environment using structural magnetic resonance magining (MRI). Thirty‐three participants were required to reach up to seven different locations represented on a navigational map in a simulated environment, while their gazing behavior was recorded, and, in close temporal proximity, the anatomical MRI of their brain was acquired. Significant predictors of wayfinding performance were the volumes of the right hippocampus, left retrosplenial cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex—left inferior frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, and right cerebellar lobule VIIB. Detailed analyses revealed a dissociation between two clusters of gray matter density in the right hippocampus. Compared with the poorest wayfinders, the best wayfinders exhibited more gray matter density in a cluster located in the right posterior hippocampus but less gray matter density in a cluster located in the anterior section of the hippocampus. In addition, top performers spent more time gazing at the map, highlighting the benefit of using external aids during navigation tasks. Altogether, these results underscore how structural adaptations are associated with spatial navigation performance.
The Modulation by the Locus Coeruleus of Recent and Remote Memory Retrieval is Activity‐Dependent
Authors: Babushkina Natalia , Manahan‐Vaughan Denise 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe hippocampus plays a crucial role in acquiring, storing, and retrieving associative experience. Whereas neuromodulatory control of the hippocampus by the locus coeruleus (LC) enhances memory acquisition and consolidation, less is known about its influence on memory retrieval. The LC fires at tonic (0.5–8 Hz) and phasic frequencies (10–25 Hz), relative to arousal and affective states. Here, we explored to what extent LC stimulation at different frequencies (2–100 Hz) and respective stimulation patterns, before retrieval of recently acquired or remote spatial memory, alter working memory (WM) or reference memory (RM) in male rats. Here, animals learned a spatial memory task in an eight‐arm radial maze over a period of 15 days. LC stimulation before recent memory testing did not affect WM. However, LC stimulation at 20 or 100 Hz, but not 5–10 Hz, impaired retrieval of recently consolidated RM. These frequency‐dependent impairments were abolished by intracerebral β‐adrenergic receptor (β‐AR), but not D1/D5 receptor, antagonism. When memory retrieval was assessed 4 weeks after initial consolidation (Day 34), RM was significantly impaired compared to the final day of recent memory testing (on Day 6). RM was not altered by LC stimulation before remote memory retrieval. However, LC stimulation at 2–100 Hz improved WM. Taken together, these data suggest that frequency‐dependent NA release from the LC disrupts retrieval of recently acquired RM via activation of β‐AR. Strikingly, increasing LC activity in general improves WM of a remotely acquired spatial learning task, assessed 4 weeks after the recent memory testing, suggesting that the increased effort of sustaining WM of a task learned in the past requires higher LC engagement.