bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Missing large-angle correlations versus even-odd point-parity imbalance in the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Sanchis-Lozano M.-A. , Melia F. , López-Corredoira M. , Sanchis-Gual N. 
Published: February 2022

Context.The existence of a maximum correlation angle (θmax ≳ 60°) in the two-point angular temperature correlations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, measured by WMAP andPlanck, stands in sharp contrast to the prediction of standard inflationary cosmology, in which the correlations should extend across the full sky (i.e., 180°). The introduction of a hard lower cutoff (kmin) in the primordial power spectrum, however, leads naturally to the existence ofθmax. Among other cosmological anomalies detected in these data, an apparent dominance of odd-over-even parity multipoles has been seen in the angular power spectrum of the CMB. This feature, however, may simply be due to observational contamination in certain regions of the sky.Aims.In attempting to provide a more detailed assessment of whether this odd-over-even asymmetry is intrinsic to the CMB, we therefore proceed in this paper, first, to examine whether this odd-even parity imbalance also manifests itself in the angular correlation function and, second, to examine in detail the interplay between the presence ofθmaxand this observed anomaly.Methods.We employed several parity statistics and recalculated the angular correlation function for different values of the cutoffkminin order to optimize the fit to the differentPlanck2018 data.Results.We find a phenomenological connection between these features in the data, concluding that both must be considered together in order to optimize the theoretical fit to thePlanck2018 data.Conclusions.This outcome is independent of whether the parity imbalance is intrinsic to the CMB, but if it is, the odd-over-even asymmetry would clearly point to the emergence of new physics.
Fusiform Anastomosis Technique with a Single Longitudinal Incision in the Lacrimal Sac in External Dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Ucar Fikret , Tezel Zafer 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of the fusiform anastomosis technique in external dacryocystorhinostomy (ex-DCR) that we designed in the
form of a physiological tube, which sufficiently covered the bone ostium with the mucosa.
Material and Methods This was a retrospective observational study that included 145 eyes of 131 patients who underwent ex-DCR due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The patients were
divided into two groups. Group 1 included 73 eyes of 65 patients who underwent fusiform anastomosis, and group 2 included 72 eyes of 66 patients who underwent conventional anterior and
posterior flap anastomosis. The open nasolacrimal passage with lacrimal irrigation and the absence of reflux were accepted as anatomical success, and the absence of epiphora symptoms was
accepted as functional success. The groups were compared in terms of anatomical success, functional success, and granulation tissue formation.
Results Anatomical success was observed in 73 eyes (100%) in group 1 and 66 eyes (91.6%) in group 2 (p = 0.01). Functional success was observed in 72 of 73 eyes (98.6%) in group 1
and 65 of 72 eyes (90.2%) in group 2 (p = 0.02). Nasal endoscopic examination performed in 32 eyes in group 1 and 28 eyes in group 2 revealed that granulation tissue was observed in 7 of 28
eyes (25%) in group 2, while there were no eyes with granulation tissue in group 1 (p = 0.01).
Conclusion The fusiform anastomosis technique in ex-DCR provided excellent anatomical success and extremely good functional success.
Properties and Synthetic Performances of Phenylamino Cyanoarenes under One-Photon Excitation Manifolds
Authors: Bortolato Tommaso , Dyguda Mateusz , Vega-Peñaloza Alberto , Dell’Amico Luca 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of a set of new organic photocatalysts (PCs) with a donor-acceptor carbazolyl dicyanobenzene structure is reported. The PCs developed have fine-tailored redox potentials from –1.62 V (PC•+/PC*) to 1.36 V (PC*/PC•–) and were accessed through a straightforward two-step synthesis. The potential of these PCs was demonstrated in synthetically relevant reactions with mechanistically opposite thermodynamic requirements, previously reported only in the presence of precious Ir-based PCs. In addition, the PCs outperformed the yields promoted by the well-established 4CzIPN organic dye in both type of reactions.
Recent Advances in Photoinduced Perfluoroalkylation Using Perfluoroalkyl Halides as the Radical Precursors
Authors: Tang Shi , Liu Ting , Liu Jian , He Jin , Hong Yu , Zhou Han , Liu Yin-Ling 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPerfluoroalkylation is one of the most important methods for the introduction of multiple fluorine atoms into organic molecules in a single step. The use of photoinduced technology is a common strategy that uses the outstanding oxidation or reduction ability of a photo­redox catalyst in its excited state to generate perfluoroalkyl radicals from perfluoroalkyl halides. The perfluoroalkyl radicals thus obtained can undergo various subsequent reactions under mild conditions, such as ATRA reaction of alkenes, alkynes, and 1,n-enynes; carbo/heteroperfluoroalkylation of alkenes and isocyanides; and C–H/F perfluoroalkyl­ation. This allows the expedient incorporation of various perfluoroalkyl groups into the molecular motifs. Perfluorinated functional groups are still in demand in pharmaceutical and material sciences; this short review discusses recent advances in photoinduced perfluoroalkylation methodologies and technologies.1	Introduction2	Photocatalytic Perfluoroalkylation of Alkenes, Alkynes, and 1,n-	Enynes3	Photocatalytic Carboperfluoroalkylation or Heteroperfluoro­alkylation of Alkenes, Alkynes, Isocyanides, and Hydrazones4	Photocatalytic ATRE Reactions of Alkenes with Perfluoroalkyl Halides­5	Photocatalytic C–X (X = H, F) Bond Perfluoroalkylation6	Continuous Flow Strategies in Photocatalytic Perfluoroalkylation7	Conclusions
Central Subclavian Catheterization in Newborns: Single-Center Experience
Authors: Gurel Selcuk , Gözen Ahmet , Bektas Mehmet Selcuk 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOur main aim of this article was to show that central venous catheter (CVC) can be an easy-to-use, less-complicated catheter application such as peripherally inserted central catheter and umbilical catheter placement in the neonatal intensive care unit. We here described our experience with subclavian vein catheterization. Neonates who had venous access through subclavian central catheterization were assessed retrospectively. Data such as gestational age, age at the time of catheter insertion, birth weight, and gender were collected. In addition, problems related to catheterization during hospitalization were documented. This study comprised 40 newborns, 22 male and 18 female, with a mean gestational week of 29.57 ± 3.80 weeks and a mean gestational weight of 2067.50 ± 545.97 g. Due to occlusion, catheters were switched in five cases twice and in three cases once, totaling 53 catheterizations on 40 newborns. None of our patients had pneumothorax or hemothorax. On the postoperative 8th and 21st days, the catheter was withdrawn due to catheter infection in two (5%) patients, and catheter cultures revealed coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus in both cases. Even in preterm infants, subclavian central venous catheterization is a safe and straightforward technique of gaining venous access in expert hands in the neonatal intensive care unit.
A Novel Situational Awareness Scoring System in Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Baloglu Orkun , Kormos Kristopher , Worley Sarah , Latifi Samir Q. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the performance of a novel Situational Awareness Scoring System (SASS) in discriminating between patients who had cardiac arrest (CA), and those who did not, in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (PCICU). This is a retrospective, observational-cohort study in a quaternary-care PCICU. Patients who had CA in the PCICU between January 2014 and December 2018, and patients admitted to the PCICU in 2018 who did not have CA were included. Patients with do not resuscitate or do not intubate orders, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricular assist device, and PCICU stay < 2 hours were excluded. SASS score statistics were calculated within 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-hour time intervals counting backward from the time of CA, or end of PCICU stay in patients who did not have CA. Cross-validated discrete time logistic regression models were used to calculate area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curves. Odds ratios (ORs) for CA were calculated per unit increase of the SASS score. Twenty-eight CA events were analyzed in 462 PCICU admissions from 267 patients. Maximum SASS score within 4-hour time interval before CA achieved the highest AUC of 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86–0.96) compared with maximum SASS score within 2-, 6-, and 8-hour time intervals before CA of 0.88 (0.79–96), 0.90 (0.85–0.95), and 0.89 (0.83–0.95), respectively. A cutoff value of 60 for maximum SASS score within 4-hour time interval before CA resulted in 82.1 and 83.2% of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. OR for CA was 1.32 (95% CI: 1.26–1.39) for every 10 units increase in the maximum SASS score within each 4-hour time interval before CA. The maximum SASS score within various time intervals before CA achieved promising performance in discriminating patients regarding occurrence of CA.
Serum Lactate and Mortality during Pediatric Admissions: Is 2 Really the Magic Number?
Authors: Loomba Rohit S. , Farias Juan S. , Villarreal Enrique G. , Flores Saul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe primary objective of this study was to determine if serum lactate level at the time of hospital admission can predict mortality in pediatric patients. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies that assessed the utility of serum lactate at the time of admission to predict mortality in pediatric patients. The areas under the curve from the receiver operator curve analyses were utilized to determine the pooled area under the curve. Additionally, standardized mean difference was compared between those who survived to discharge and those who did not. A total of 12 studies with 2,099 patients were included. Out of these, 357 (17%) experienced mortality. The pooled area under the curve for all patients was 0.74 (0.67–0.80, p < 0.01). The pooled analyses for all admissions were higher in those who experienced mortality (6.5 vs. 3.3 mmol/L) with a standardized mean difference of 2.60 (1.74–3.51, p < 0.01). The pooled area under the curve for cardiac surgery patients was 0.63 (0.53–0.72, p < 0.01). The levels for cardiac surgery patients were higher in those who experienced mortality (5.5 vs. 4.1 mmol/L) with a standardized mean difference of 1.80 (0.05–3.56, p = 0.04). Serum lactate at the time of admission can be valuable in identifying pediatric patients at greater risk for inpatient mortality. This remained the case when only cardiac surgery patients were included.
Unravelling the physiological basis of salinity stress tolerance in cultivated and wild rice species
Authors: Shahzad Babar , Yun Ping , Shabala Lana , Zhou Meixue , Sellamuthu Gothandapani , Venkataraman Gayatri , Chen Zhong-Hua , Shabala Sergey 
Published: February 2022

Wild rice species provide a rich source of genetic diversity for possible introgression of salinity stress tolerance in cultivated rice. We investigated the physiological basis of salinity stress tolerance in Oryza species by using six rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) and four wild rice species. Three weeks of salinity treatment significantly (P < 0.05) reduced physiological and growth indices of all cultivated and wild rice lines. However, the impact of salinity-induced growth reduction differed substantially among accessions. Salt tolerant accessions showed better control over gas exchange properties, exhibited higher tissue tolerance, and retained higher potassium ion content despite higher sodium ion accumulation in leaves. Wild rice species showed relatively lower and steadier xylem sap sodium ion content over the period of 3 weeks analysed, suggesting better control over ionic sodium xylem loading and its delivery to shoots with efficient vacuolar sodium ion sequestration. Contrary to this, saline sensitive genotypes managed to avoid initial Na+ loading but failed to accomplish this in the long term and showed higher sap sodium ion content. Conclusively, our results suggest that wild rice genotypes have more efficient control over xylem sodium ion loading, rely on tissue tolerance mechanisms and allow for a rapid osmotic adjustment by using sodium ions as cheap osmoticum for osmoregulation.
Understanding the mechanisms of L-shell x-ray emission from Os atoms bombarded by 4–6 MeV/u fluorine ion
Authors: Chatterjee Soumya , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Sarvesh , Oswal M , Mohanty Biraja , Mehta D , Mitra D , Mendez A M P , Mitnik D M , Montanari C C , Sarkadi L , Nandi T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The L-subshell ionization mechanism is studied in an ultra-thin Os target bombarded by 4–6 MeV/u fluorine ions. Multiple ionization effects are considered through the change of fluorescence and Coster-Kronig yields while determining L-subshell ionization cross sections from L x-ray production cross sections. The present experimental values are compared with various theoretical approximations: (i) the relativistic semi-classical approximation (RSCA), (ii) the shellwise local plasma approximation (SLPA), and (iii) the ECUSAR theory. We also take into account the vacancy sharing among the subshells by the coupled-states model (CSM) and the electron capture (EC) by a standard formalism. We find that the ECUSAR-CSM-EC describes the measured excitation function curves the best. However, the theoretical calculations are still about a factor of two smaller than the measured values even though the recent fluorescence and Coster-Kronig yields are considered. Hence, a re-evaluation of these parameters is a challenge for the theoretical works. Whatsoever, this work leads to demonstrate that in the present energy range the heavy-ion induced inner-shell ionization of the heavy atoms can be understood by combining the direct Coulomb ionization, the electron capture, and the vacancy sharing among subshells, together with optimizing the atomic parameters. Optimization of the atomic parameters shows that our experimental results agree with theoretical vacancy production theories if the L1 fluorescence yield is nearly doubled. Such a optimization is validated by the proton induced L-shell ionization data of uranium atoms.
Thin accretion disk onto slowly rotating black holes in Einstein-Æther theory
Authors: Liu Cheng , Yang Sen , Wu Qiang , Zhu Tao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The accretion disk is formed by particles moving in closed orbits around a compact object, whose physical properties and the electromagnetic radiation characteristics are determined by the space-time geometry around the compact object. In this paper, we study the physical properties and the optical appearance of the electromagnetic radiation emitted from a thin accretion disk around the two types of the black hole solution in Einstein-Æther theory. We investigate in detail the effects of the æther field on the energy flux, temperature distribution, and electromagnetic spectrum of the disk in the two types of slowly rotating Einstein-Æther black holes. Then we plot the ray-traced redshifted image as well as the intensity and polarization profile of a lensed accretion disk around the two types of Einstein-Æther black holes. We found that from the image simulation, the æther field only has a certain effect on the central shadow area of the accretion disk.
Quantum information processing with nuclear spins mediated by a weak-mechanically controlled electron spin
Authors: Su Wan-Jun , Ye Guang-Zheng , Wu Ya-Dong , Yang Zhen-Biao , Sanders Barry C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We propose a scheme to achieve nuclear–nuclear indirect interactions mediated by a mechanically driven nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in a diamond. Here we demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates and quantum-state transfer between two carbon nuclei. When the dipole–dipole interaction strength is much larger than the driving field strength, the scheme is robust against decoherence caused by coupling between the NV center (nuclear spins) and the environment. Conveniently, precise control of dipole coupling is not required so this scheme is insensitive to fluctuating positions of the nuclear spins and the NV center. Our scheme provides a general blueprint for multi-nuclear-spin gates and for multi-party communication.
Investigation of a Cherenkov-based gamma-ray diagnostic for measurement of 17 MeV gamma-rays from T(D, γ)5He in magnetic confinement fusion plasmas
Authors: Putignano O. , Croci G. , Muraro A. , Cancelli S. , Giacomelli L. , Gorini G. , Grosso G. , Kushoro M.H. , Marcer G. , Nocente M. , Rebai M. , Tardocchi M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
At present, the only method for assessing the fusion power throughput of a reactor relies on the absolute measurement of 14 MeV neutrons produced in the D-T nuclear reaction. For ITER and DEMO, however, at least another independent measurement of the fusion power is required. The 5He* nucleus produced in the D-T fusion reaction has two de-excitation channels. The most likely is its disintegration in an alpha particle and a neutron, D + T → 5He* → α + n, by means of the nuclear force. There is however also an electromagnetic channel, with a branching ratio ∼10−5, which leads to the emission of a 17 MeV gamma-ray, i.e. D + T → 5He* → 5He + γ. The detection of this gamma-ray emission could serve as an independent method to determine the fusion power. In order to enable 17 MeV gamma-ray measurements, there is need for a detector with some coarse energy discrimination and, most importantly, capable of working in a neutron-rich environment. Conventional inorganic scintillators, such as LaBr3(Ce), have comparable efficiencies to neutrons and gamma-rays and they cannot be used for 17 MeV gamma-ray measurements without significant neutron shielding. In order to overcome this limitation, we here propose the conceptual design of a gamma-ray counter with a variable energy threshold based on the Cherenkov effect and designed to operate in intense neutron fields. The detector geometry has been optimized using Geant4 so to achieve a gamma-ray to neutron efficiency ratio better than 105. The design is based on a gas Cherenkov detector and the photo-sensor is still to investigated.
Gadolinium loaded Cherenkov detectors for neutron monitoring in high energy air showers
Authors: Stowell P. , Fargher S. , Thompson L.F. , Brown A.M. , Chadwick P.M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Monitoring of high energy cosmic ray neutrons is of particular interest for cosmic ray water Cherenkov detectors as intense bundles of delayed neutrons have been found to arrive after the initial passage of a high energy air shower. In this paper we explore the possibility of building large-area high-energy neutron monitors using gadolinium-loaded Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs). GEANT4 simulations of photon production in WCDs are used to estimate the maximum detection efficiency for a hypothetical system. Requiring a series of neutron induced gamma ray flashes distributed over an extended period of time (up to 20 μs) was shown to be an effective way to discriminate high energy neutron interactions from other backgrounds. Results suggest that neutron detection efficiencies of 4–15% may be possible using a gadolinium-loaded detection system above 200 MeV. The magnitude of gadolinium loading was also shown to significantly modify the timing response of the simulated detector.
Potential for development of local rice genetic resources into excellent varieties in Merangin regency, Jambi province
Authors: Bobihoe J , Salvia E , Hendri J , Hernita D , Endrizal  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Local rice is one of the genetic resources that are quite diverse and is found in low, medium and high altitudes, both in the dry land, pond swamps and tidal swamps, has properties resistant / tolerant to biotic and abiotic checks that occur in various agroecosystems. The purpose of the activity is to characterize the genetic resources of local rice Merangin Jambi Province. The activities were held in The District of Tabir and Jangkat District of Merangin Regency in 2021. The method used is to survey by taking data directly to the field and interviewing farmers and field officers. The data collected includes an agronomic and morphological character under the guidelines of the Rice Plant Characterization and Evaluation System Guidelines and the General Guidelines for The Preparation of Food Crop Variety Description (PPVT). Characterization is carried out on local rice which is predominantly consumed and developed in lowlands and highlands and has production potential (3.5-4.5 tons/ha) in Merangin Regency. Local rice can be used as a superior variety because it has good rice quality and good rice taste according to the tastes of local consumers. The genetic resources of local rice stings, Lai and Sungkai in Merangin Regency, have the potential to be released as a national superior variety.
Effect of an Organic and Inorganic Foliar Fertilizer, Time and Fertilization Frequencies on Dendrobium Growth
Authors: Rianawati S , Rahardjo I B , Musalamah  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Among many factors of cultivation succeed, fertilization is the most important supporting for Dendrobium cultivation. This experiment was conducted to evaluate an organic foliar fertilizer “Bio Super Sugima” the local product of fish extract and inorganic foliar fertilizers “Hyponex 20:20;20”, time and fertilization frequencies on two young plant Dendrobium cultivars G1 (BALITHI CF022.27) and G2 (Clone 22.25). Experimental activities were conducted at location which has altitude 100 meters above sea level. The treatments of time were at 8 a.m, as a standart fertilization (T1), (T2) at 6-7 a.m once a week; (T3) 5-6 p.m once a week; (T4) 6-7 a.m twice a week; (T5) 5-6 p.m twice a week; (T6) combination morning at 6-7 a.m and evening at 5-6 p.m once a week. Among these attributes, length of pseudobulb, number of leaves/pseudobulb, length of leaf, width of leaf and number of shoot were measured three times with interval 2 months after transplanting. After six months, observation were showed that an organic “Bio Super Sugima” and inorganic “Hyponex” foliar fertilizer were influenced toward growth of young Dendrobium. Fertilization using hyponex inorganic fertilizer has been given better affects of the Dendrobium vegetative growth than organic “ Bio Super Sugima”. Fertilization in Dendrobium performed at 06.00-07.00 a.m were better than at 17.00-18.00 p.m, both at the frequency of oncee or twice a week fertilization. Likewise, the use of an organic supplements were known that were better applied in the morning compared to the afternoon. In this case also showed that varieties were effected the growth response. Genotype BALITHI CF022.27 was more responsive toward fertilization than clone 22.25 using both organic or in organic fertilizers. In the present time, there were not much available information on fertilization application on Dendrobium cultivation. Thereby, the present experiment was conducted with a view to studying the effect of fertilizer on the vegetative growth of Dendrobium. Hopefully this experiment could be give benefit to orchid user