bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum entropy of BMPV black holes and the topological M-theory conjecture
Authors: Gupta Rajesh Kumar , Murthy Sameer , Sahni Manya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present a formula for the quantum entropy of supersymmetric five-dimensional spinning black holes in M-theory compactified on CY3, i.e., BMPV black holes. We use supersymmetric localization in the framework of off-shell five dimensional N = 2 supergravity coupled to I = 1, . . . , NV + 1 off-shell vector multiplets. The theory is governed at two-derivative level by the symmetric tensor $$ {\mathcal{C}}_{IJK} $$

C
IJK

(the intersection numbers of the Calabi-Yau) and at four-derivative level by the gauge-gravitational Chern-Simons coupling cI (the second Chern class of the Calabi-Yau). The quantum entropy is an NV +2-dimensional integral parameterised by one real parameter φI for each vector multiplet and an additional parameter φ0 for the gravity multiplet. The integrand consists of an action governed completely by $$ {\mathcal{C}}_{IJK} $$

C
IJK

and cI, and a one-loop determinant. Consistency with the on-shell logarithmic corrections to the entropy, the symmetries of the very special geometry of the moduli space, and an assumption of analyticity constrains the one-loop determinant up to a scale-independent function g(φ0). For g = 1 our result agrees completely with the topological M-theory conjecture of Dijkgraaf, Gukov, Neitzke, and Vafa for static black holes at two derivative level, and provides a natural extension to higher derivative corrections. For rotating BMPV black holes, our result differs from the DGNV conjecture at the level of the first quantum corrections.
Die Relevanz von Netzwerkarbeit in der schulischen Gesundheitsförderung
Authors: Josupeit Jan , Dadaczynski Kevin , Quilling Eike 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Schule ist einer der wichtigsten Orte, an dem die Förderung der Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen ansetzen kann, u. a. weil die Schülerinnen und Schüler hier einen Großteil ihrer Zeit verbringen. Allerdings kann sich Schule nur in Teilen der Gesundheitsförderung widmen und die Schule ist selbst nur ein Teil der alltäglichen Umwelt, von der das Gesundheitsverhalten geprägt wird. Um die Effektivität der Gesundheitsförderung zu steigern, erscheint die Bildung von Netzwerken zwischen schulischen und kommunalen Akteurinnen und Akteuren wie Sportvereinen, Jugendhilfe, Beratungsstellen und Gesundheitsämtern sinnvoll.Der vorliegende Artikel thematisiert die Frage der Relevanz von Netzwerken im Kontext der schulischen Gesundheitsförderung. Die Herleitung basiert einerseits auf dem gesetzlichen Rahmen des Bildungsauftrags von Schulen und dem sogenannten Präventionsgesetz von 2015 und andererseits auf der Ottawa-Charta der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) sowie auf dem daraus entwickelten Diskurs um die Begriffe „Gesundheitsförderung“ und „Settingansatz“. Es werden Perspektiven aufgezeigt, wie Netzwerkarbeit wissenschaftlich fundiert gestaltet werden kann und wie passende Netzwerkpartner gewonnen werden können. Mögliche Risiken und Chancen der Netzwerkarbeit werden analysiert und Faktoren des Gelingens und Scheiterns aufgezeigt.Netzwerkarbeit sollte für Schulen im Sinne der Gesundheitsförderung obligatorisch sein. Sie kann dazu beitragen, Bedarfe innerhalb der Schule zu ermitteln, und gleichzeitig ein Schlüssel im Umgang mit resultierenden Herausforderungen sein. Netzwerkarbeit erfordert vor allem die Motivation der Akteurinnen und Akteure. Eine gemeinsame Vision, feste Strukturen und Kontinuität sowie entsprechende personelle Überlegungen tragen zum Gelingen der Zusammenarbeit bei.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for assessing histopathology in pediatric immunoglobulin A nephropathy and Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis
Authors: Zhang Hejia , Liu Qinglin , Chen Zhi , Yao Xingfeng , Ling Chen , Lei Lei , Wang Xiaoman , Liu Xiaorong , Chen Xiangmei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Glomerular disease, including immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis, is one of the most common kidney diseases in children. The diagnosis of these diseases depends on pathological biopsy, although this procedure is seriously limited by its invasive and high-risk nature.

Objective
To investigate the potential of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) for evaluating the histopathological severity of IgAN and Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN).

Materials and methods
We investigated a total of 13 children with IgAN and 12 children with HSPN confirmed by renal histopathology. We reevaluated the pathological lesions of the children according to the Oxford classification and the Lee grading system and then all the children underwent CEUS. Using SonoLiver software, we constructed time–intensity curves of CEUS for regions of interest in the renal cortex. We analyzed CEUS quantitative parameters for IgAN and HSPN and used Spearman correlation analysis to examine the correlation between CEUS parameters and clinicopathological indexes in the study cohort.

Results
The CEUS parameters rise time (RT) and time to peak (TTP) were significantly higher in children with Lee grade IV than in those with Lee grades II or III. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between rise time and time to peak with Lee grade in the overall cohort of children, and a positive correlation between rise time and time to peak and severity of crescents in the Oxford classification scoring system.

Conclusion
Contrast-enhanced US may be used as a noninvasive imaging technique to evaluate the severity of renal pathology and formation of crescents in children with IgAN and HSPN.
Tumor budding and fibrotic focus—proposed grading system for tumor budding in invasive carcinoma no special type of the breast
Authors: Hiratsuka Miyuki , Hasebe Takahiro , Ichinose Yuki , Sakakibara Ayaka , Fujimoto Akihiro , Wakui Noriko , Shibasaki Satomi , Hirasaki Masataka , Yasuda Masanori , Nukui Akemi , Shimada Hiroko , Yokogawa Hideki , Matsuura Kazuo , Hojo Takashi , Osaki Akihiko , Saeki Toshiaki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTumor budding grade is a very useful histological prognostic indicator for colorectal cancer patients. Recently, it has been also reported as a significant prognostic indicator in invasive breast carcinoma patients. Our group and others have previously reported that the presence of a fibrotic focus in the tumor is a very useful histological finding for accurately predicting the prognosis in patients with invasive carcinoma of no special type (ICNST) of the breast. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a grading system incorporating tumor budding in a fibrotic focus is superior to the conventional grading system for tumor budding to accurately predict outcomes in patients with ICNST. According to our new grading system, we classified the tumors into grade I (164 cases), grade II (581 cases), and grade III (110 cases), and the results clearly demonstrated the significant superiority of the new grading system over that of conventional tumor budding alone for accurately predicting outcomes in patients with ICNST. Our findings strongly suggest that tumor cells and tumor-stromal cells interaction play very important roles in tumor progression rather than tumor cells alone.
Cell type matters: competence for alkaloid metabolism differs in two seed-derived cell strains of Catharanthus roseus
Authors: Raorane Manish L. , Manz Christina , Hildebrandt Sarah , Mielke Marion , Thieme Marc , Keller Judith , Bunzel Mirko , Nick Peter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince the discovery of the anticancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine, Catharanthus roseus has been intensively studied for biosynthesis of several terpene indole alkaloids (TIAs). Due to their low abundance in plant tissues at a simultaneously high demand, modes of production alternative to conventional extraction are mandatory. Plant cell fermentation might become one of these alternatives, yet decades of research have shown limited success to certain product classes, leading to the question: how to preserve the intrinsic ability to produce TIAs (metabolic competence) in cell culture? We used the strategy to use the developmental potency of mature embryos to generate such strains. Two cell strains (C1and C4) from seed embryos of Catharanthus roseus were found to differ not only morphologically, but also in their metabolic competence. This differential competence became manifest not only under phytohormone elicitation, but also upon feeding with alkaloid pathway precursors. The more active strain C4 formed larger cell aggregates and was endowed with longer mitochondria. These cellular features were accompanied by higher alkaloid accumulation in response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) elicitation. The levels of catharanthine could be increased significantly, while the concurrent vindoline branch of the pathway was blocked, such that no bisindole alkaloids were detectable. By feeding vindoline to MeJA-elicited C4 cells, vincristine became detectable; however, only to marginal amounts. In conclusion, these results show that cultured cells are not “de-differentiated”, but can differ in metabolic competence. In addition to elicitation and precursor feeding, the cellular properties of the “biomatter” are highly relevant for the success of plant cell fermentation.
Tonotopic Selectivity in Cats and Humans: Electrophysiology and Psychophysics
Authors: Guérit Francois , Middlebrooks John C. , Richardson Matthew L. , Arneja Akshat , Harland Andrew J. , Gransier Robin , Wouters Jan , Carlyon Robert P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe describe a scalp-recorded measure of tonotopic selectivity, the “cortical onset response” (COR) and compare the results between humans and cats. The COR results, in turn, were compared with psychophysical masked-detection thresholds obtained using similar stimuli and obtained from both species. The COR consisted of averaged responses elicited by 50-ms tone-burst probes presented at 1-s intervals against a continuous noise masker. The noise masker had a bandwidth of 1 or 1/8th octave, geometrically centred on 4000 Hz for humans and on 8000 Hz for cats. The probe frequency was either − 0.5, − 0.25, 0, 0.25 or 0.5 octaves re the masker centre frequency. The COR was larger for probe frequencies more distant from the centre frequency of the masker, and this effect was greater for the 1/8th-octave than for the 1-octave masker. This pattern broadly reflected the masked excitation patterns obtained psychophysically with similar stimuli in both species. However, the positive signal-to-noise ratio used to obtain reliable COR measures meant that some aspects of the data differed from those obtained psychophysically, in a way that could be partly explained by the upward spread of the probe’s excitation pattern. Our psychophysical measurements also showed that the auditory filter width obtained at 8000 Hz using notched-noise maskers was slightly wider in cat than previous measures from humans. We argue that although conclusions from COR measures differ in some ways from conclusions based on psychophysics, the COR measures provide an objective, noninvasive, valid measure of tonotopic selectivity that does not require training and that may be applied to acoustic and cochlear-implant experiments in humans and laboratory animals.
Synchrotron-based characterization of arthroprosthetic CoCrMo particles in human bone marrow
Authors: Schoon Janosch , Hesse Bernhard , Tucoulou Remi , Geissler Sven , Ort Melanie , Duda Georg N. , Perka Carsten , Wassilew Georgi I. , Perino Giorgio , Rakow Anastasia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractParticles released from cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloys are considered common elicitors of chronic inflammatory adverse effects. There is a lack of data demonstrating particle numbers, size distribution and elemental composition of bone marrow resident particles which would allow for implementation of clinically relevant test strategies in bone marrow models at different degrees of exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate metal particle exposure in human periprosthetic bone marrow of three types of arthroplasty implants. Periprosthetic bone marrow sections from eight patients exposed to CoCrMo particles were analyzed via spatially resolved and synchrotron-based nanoscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging. These analyses revealed lognormal particle size distribution patterns predominantly towards the nanoscale. Analyses of particle numbers and normalization to bone marrow volume and bone marrow cell number indicated particle concentrations of up to 1 × 1011 particles/ml bone marrow or 2 × 104 particles/bone marrow cell, respectively. Analyses of elemental ratios of CoCrMo particles showed that particularly the particles’ Co content depends on particle size. The obtained data point towards Co release from arthroprosthetic particles in the course of dealloying and degradation processes of larger particles within periprosthetic bone marrow. This is the first study providing data based on metal particle analyses to be used for future in vitro and in vivo studies of possible toxic effects in human bone marrow following exposure to arthroprosthetic CoCrMo particles of different concentration, size, and elemental composition.
Pulmonary gas exchange evaluated by machine learning: a computer simulation
Authors: Morgan Thomas J. , Langley Adrian N. , Barrett Robin D. C. , Anstey Christopher M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing computer simulation we investigated whether machine learning (ML) analysis of selected ICU monitoring data can quantify pulmonary gas exchange in multi-compartment format. A 21 compartment ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) model of pulmonary blood flow processed 34,551 combinations of cardiac output, hemoglobin concentration, standard P50, base excess, VO2 and VCO2 plus three model-defining parameters: shunt, log SD and mean V/Q. From these inputs the model produced paired arterial blood gases, first with the inspired O2 fraction (FiO2) adjusted to arterial saturation (SaO2) = 0.90, and second with FiO2 increased by 0.1. ‘Stacked regressor’ ML ensembles were trained/validated on 90% of this dataset. The remainder with shunt, log SD, and mean ‘held back’ formed the test-set. ‘Two-Point’ ML estimates of shunt, log SD and mean utilized data from both FiO2 settings. ‘Single-Point’ estimates used only data from SaO2 = 0.90. From 3454 test gas exchange scenarios, two-point shunt, log SD and mean estimates produced linear regression models versus true values with slopes ~ 1.00, intercepts ~ 0.00 and R2 ~ 1.00. Kernel density and Bland–Altman plots confirmed close agreement. Single-point estimates were less accurate: R2 = 0.77–0.89, slope = 0.991–0.993, intercept = 0.009–0.334. ML applications using blood gas, indirect calorimetry, and cardiac output data can quantify pulmonary gas exchange in terms describing a 20 compartment V/Q model of pulmonary blood flow. High fidelity reports require data from two FiO2 settings.
In Vivo Modeling of Human Breast Cancer Using Cell Line and Patient-Derived Xenografts
Authors: Souto Eric P. , Dobrolecki Lacey E. , Villanueva Hugo , Sikora Andrew G. , Lewis Michael T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHistorically, human breast cancer has been modeled largely in vitro using long-established cell lines primarily in two-dimensional culture, but also in three-dimensional cultures of varying cellular and molecular complexities. A subset of cell line models has also been used in vivo as cell line-derived xenografts (CDX). While outstanding for conducting detailed molecular analysis of regulatory mechanisms that may function in vivo, results of drug response studies using long-established cell lines have largely failed to translate clinically. In an attempt to address this shortcoming, many laboratories have succeeded in developing clinically annotated patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of human cancers, including breast, in a variety of host systems. While immunocompromised mice are the predominant host, the immunocompromised rat and pig, zebrafish, as well as the chicken egg chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) have also emerged as potential host platforms to help address perceived shortcomings of immunocompromised mice. With any modeling platform, the two main issues to be resolved are criteria for “credentialing” the models as valid models to represent human cancer, and utility with respect to the ability to generate clinically relevant translational research data. Such data are beginning to emerge, particularly with the activities of PDX consortia such as the NCI PDXNet Program, EuroPDX, and the International Breast Cancer Consortium, as well as a host of pharmaceutical companies and contract research organizations (CRO). This review focuses primarily on these important aspects of PDX-related research, with a focus on breast cancer.
Varieties of the Lifeworld: Phenomenology and Aesthetic Experience
Authors: Apostolescu Iulian , Marino Stefano 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this contribution we first sketch an outline of the concept of lifeworld (Lebenswelt), to introduce the readers to the guest-edited collection of essaysVarieties of the Lifeworld: Phenomenology and Aesthetic Experience, special issue of the “Continental Philosophy Review.” We trace back the origin of the concept of lifeworld to Husserl’s late phenomenology, although also explaining (on the basis of the careful historical-conceptual reconstructions offered by some distinguished scholars of Husserl and the phenomenological movement) that the development of Husserl’s phenomenology of theLebensweltwas gradual and was connected, among other things, to the question of the natural world of experience. Then, quickly referring to Gadamer, Landgrebe, Fink and other authors belonging to the phenomenological tradition, we explain that different interpretations of the topic “Lifeworld” in Husserl’s thinking have been provided: In our view, this contributes to the fact that still nowadays this topic is a fascinating and philosophically stimulating one. Finally, making reference to more recent works by such authors as Figal, Gallagher, Zahavi and Shusterman (a pragmatist philosopher, whose somaesthetics is nonetheless very rich in insights that can be connected to phenomenological views of the body and its place in the world), we emphasize how the question concerning the lifeworld is still capable today to open a great variety of perspectives and plurality of paths for thinking, as testified by the essays collected in this guest-edited special issue of the “Continental Philosophy Review.”
A correlation study of sustainable development goal (SDG) interactions
Authors: Pakkan Sheeba , Sudhakar Christopher , Tripathi Shubham , Rao Mahabaleshwara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs universities are the change agent of society, institutions from all nations set their goals to transform the world by exploring various societal challenges that humans are facing. Together, the higher education systems across the world developing strategies based on the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The current study aimed to provide policymakers, academics, and researchers an insight on the influence of 16 SDGs on each other paving the way for the universities to set a clear goal in attaining Sustainable Development goals by 2030. To analyze the SDGs’ interactions towards each other, 201,844 research publications from India during five years on 16 SDGs are retrieved from the Scopus database. Spearman Rank Correlation is applied to understand the correlation of each SDG towards one another. We could observe converging results out of the interactions among the SDGs. A significant positive and moderately positive correlation between pairs of SDGs are identified. While a significant number of negative correlations is also classified which need deep thinking among researchers to develop healthy relationships. The most frequent interactions between SDGs is a positive sign for any university in strategizing the goal towards SDGs. The association of all university stakeholders and some constitutional and cultural changes are necessary to put SDGs at the core of the management of the university. Embracing this task by researchers will improve the overall performance of universities. The analysis presented in the present study is useful for academics, governments, funding agencies, researchers, and policy-makers.
Unterrichtsgestaltung im Kontext digitalen Wandels: Untersuchungen zur soziomedialen Organisation Tablet-gestützter Gruppenarbeit
Authors: Herrle Matthias , Hoffmann Markus , Proske Matthias 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob und inwiefern sich die Nutzung von digitalen Medien als bedeutsam für die Form und Funktion von Interaktionspraktiken erweist, die Lehrkräfte zur Gestaltung von Gruppenarbeiten realisieren. Die Ergebnisse der hierzu durchgeführten videographischen Untersuchungen in einer Tabletklasse geben einen Einblick in komplexe Formen inkrementeller Transformation, in denen sich Persistenz und Wandel auf verschiedenen Ebenen der Interaktionsorganisation verschränken. Bestätigt wird einerseits der Befund vorliegender Studien, dass der Einbezug digitaler Medien keine grundlegende Veränderung pädagogischer Interaktionsordnungen zur Folge hat. Gezeigt werden kann jedoch andererseits, dass die Nutzung von Tablets mit bedeutsamen Konsequenzen für die lehrkraftseitige Ausgestaltung von Interaktionspraktiken einhergeht, mit denen sich kontextbezogen auf modifizierte Zugänge zu Wissensressourcen und auf die digitale Verfasstheit von Wissensprodukten bezogen wird.
Eighty Years of the Finite Element Method: Birth, Evolution, and Future
Authors: Liu Wing Kam , Li Shaofan , Park Harold S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis document presents comprehensive historical accounts on the developments of finite element methods (FEM) since 1941, with a specific emphasis on developments related to solid mechanics. We present a historical overview beginning with the theoretical formulations and origins of the FEM, while discussing important developments that have enabled the FEM to become the numerical method of choice for so many problems rooted in solid mechanics.