bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profile of Blood Donors and Deferral Reasons in a Tertiary Care Centre in South India
Authors: Rajan Reeba Mary , Anu J. , Mathew Apuca Susan 
Published: October 2022

Aim: To assess the demographic profile of blood donors and determine the frequency and causes for deferral.
Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology, Blood Centre at Dr. SMCSI medical college, Karakonam, Trivandrum. January 2018 to September 2022.
Methodology: This study was done to analyze the various causes of deferral and the profile of donors. 8064 donors from the study period were analyzed and their demographic profile was recorded. The deferred donors were analyzed according to their age, sex, type of donor, type of deferral and reasons for deferral.
Results: 8064 donors came to our center for donation of which 7682 (95.3%) were males and 382 (4.7%) were females. Majority of blood donors belonged to age group 18-25 years (50.6%). Replacement donors accounted for 6596 donors (81.8%). Voluntary donors were only 940 (11.7%). 1541 (19.1%) donors were deferred from donating. Out of these, 1186(77%) were replacement donors, 198(12.8%) were voluntary donors and 160(10.2%) were family donors. The most frequent causes of temporary deferrals: Hypertension 314(20.2%), Hypotension 82(5.3%), low hemoglobin 110(7.1%), On medication 104(6.7%), Tattoo/ ear piercing/smoking/pan chewing 154(10%), previous recent illness/surgery 190(12.3%) and alcoholism 46(3%). Permanent deferrals were done for only 68 donors (0.7%). They included 21 high risk donors and 47 donors who were serology positive.
Conclusion: Deferral pattern analysis can help the medical personnel in knowing the common causes of deferral and be more focused in screening. Determination of cause and rate donor deferral can help in preventing loss of precious blood and components.
Association of Hospital Participation in Bundled Payments for Care Improvement Advanced With Medicare Spending and Hospital Incentive Payments
Authors: Shashikumar Sukruth A. , Gulseren Baris , Berlin Nicholas L. , Hollingsworth John M. , Joynt Maddox Karen E. , Ryan Andrew M. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceBundled Payments for Care Improvement Advanced (BPCI-A) is a Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services (CMS) initiative that aims to produce financial savings by incentivizing decreases in clinical spending. Incentives consist of financial bonuses from CMS to hospitals or penalties paid by hospitals to CMS.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of hospital participation in BPCI-A with spending, and to characterize hospitals receiving financial bonuses vs penalties.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsDifference-in-differences and cross-sectional analyses of 4 754 139 patient episodes using 2013-2019 US Medicare claims at 694 participating and 2852 nonparticipating hospitals merged with hospital and market characteristics.ExposuresBPCI-A model years 1 and 2 (October 1, 2018, through December 31, 2019).Main Outcomes and MeasuresHospitals’ per-episode spending, CMS gross and net spending, and the incentive allocated to each hospital.ResultsThe study identified 694 participating hospitals. The analysis observed a −$175 change in mean per-episode spending (95% CI, −$378 to $28) and an aggregate spending change of −$75.1 million (95% CI, −$162.1 million to $12.0 million) across the 428 670 episodes in BPCI-A model years 1 and 2. However, CMS disbursed $354.3 million (95% CI, $212.0 million to $496.0 million) more in bonuses than it received in penalties. Hospital participation in BPCI-A was associated with a net loss to CMS of $279.2 million (95% CI, $135.0 million to $423.0 million). Hospitals in the lowest quartile of Medicaid days received a mean penalty of $0.41 million; (95% CI, $0.09 million to $0.72 million), while those in the highest quartile received a mean bonus of $1.57 million; (95% CI, $1.09 million to $2.08 million). Similar patterns were observed for hospitals across increasing quartiles of Disproportionate Share Hospital percentage and of patients from racial and ethnic minority groups.Conclusions and RelevanceAmong US hospitals measured between 2013 and 2019, participation in BPCI-A was significantly associated with an increase in net CMS spending. Bonuses accrued disproportionately to hospitals providing care for marginalized communities.
Menstrual Cycle Regularity and Length Across the Reproductive Lifespan and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Wang Yi-Xin , Stuart Jennifer J. , Rich-Edwards Janet W. , Missmer Stacey A. , Rexrode Kathryn M. , Farland Leslie V. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Nelson Scott M. , Solomon Caren G. , Fraser Abigail , Chavarro Jorge E. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceMenstrual cycle characteristics may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, existing studies are limited, and few have explored the mediating role of established CVD risk factors.ObjectiveTo explore the associations of menstrual cycle characteristics across the reproductive lifespan with the risk of CVD and to what extent these associations were mediated by hypercholesterolemia, chronic hypertension, and type 2 diabetes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study prospectively followed Nurses’ Health Study II participants between 1993 and 2017 who reported menstrual cycle regularity and length for ages 14 to 17 years and 18 to 22 years at enrollment in 1989 and updated current cycle characteristics in 1993 (at ages 29 to 46 years). Data analysis was performed from October 1, 2019, to January 1, 2022.ExposuresMenstrual cycle regularity and length across the reproductive lifespan.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIncident CVD events of interest, including fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD; myocardial infarction [MI] or coronary revascularization) and stroke.ResultsA total of 80 630 Nurses’ Health Study II participants were included in the analysis, with a mean (SD) age of 37.7 (4.6) years and body mass index of 25.1 (5.6) at baseline. Over 24 years of prospective follow-up, 1816 women developed their first CVD event. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models showed that, compared with women reporting very regular cycles at the same ages, women who had irregular cycles or no periods at ages 14 to 17, 18 to 22, or 29 to 46 years had hazard ratios for CVD of 1.15 (95% CI, 0.99-1.34), 1.36 (95% CI, 1.06-1.75), and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.14-1.71), respectively. Similarly, compared with women reporting a cycle length of 26 to 31 days, women reporting a cycle length 40 days or more or a cycle too irregular to estimate from ages 18 to 22 or 29 to 46 years had hazard ratios for CVD of 1.44 (95% CI, 1.13-1.84) and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.09-1.57), respectively. Mediation analyses showed that subsequent development of hypercholesteremia, chronic hypertension, and type 2 diabetes only explained 5.4% to 13.5% of the observed associations.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, both irregular and long menstrual cycles were associated with increased rates of CVD, which persisted even after accounting for subsequently established CVD risk factors.
Banoxantrone Coordinated Metal−Organic Framework for Photoacoustic Imaging‐Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Therapy
Authors: Sun Tingyu , Li Jingnan , Zeng Chao , Luo Chengyan , Luo Xirui , Li Huanan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhotoacoustic (PA) imaging with high spatial resolution has great potential as desired monitoring means in the high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) surgery of tumor. However, its penetration depth in the tissue is insufficient for achieving accurate intraoperative navigation, leading to residual tumor tissue. Nanomedicine provides a new opportunity for PA imaging to guide HIFU surgery. Studies have found that the hypoxic heterogeneity of tumor is effectively reversed by HIFU. Herein, a specific metal−organic framework nanosystem, constructed by coordination of banoxantrone (AQ4N) and Mn2+, is designed based on HIFU to reverse the hypoxic heterogeneity of tumors. It can provide exogenous light‐absorbing substances, thus improving the penetrability of PA imaging signal through the deep tissue and achieving clearer PA imaging for guiding HIFU surgery. In turn, AQ4N, in the hypoxic homogenous environment of the tumor provided by HIFU, is activated sequentially to specifically treat the residual hypoxic tumor cells. This combination treatment manifests higher tumor suppressors activation and lower expression of genes related to tumor progression. This strategy addresses the dissatisfaction with PA imaging‐guided HIFU therapy and is promising for translation into a clinical combination regimen.
Controlling Mineralization with Protein‐Functionalized Peptoid Nanotubes
Authors: Ma Jinrong , Jin Biao , Guye Kathryn N. , Chowdhury Md. Emtias , Naser Nada Y. , Chen Chun‐Long , De Yoreo James J. , Baneyx François 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSequence‐defined foldamers that self‐assemble into well‐defined architectures are promising scaffolds to template inorganic mineralization. However, it has been challenging to achieve robust control of nucleation and growth without sequence redesign or extensive experimentation. Here, peptoid nanotubes functionalized with a panel of solid‐binding proteins are used to mineralize homogeneously distributed and monodisperse anatase nanocrystals from the water‐soluble TiBALDH precursor. Crystallite size is systematically tuned between 1.4 and 4.4 nm by changing protein coverage and the identity and valency of the genetically engineered solid‐binding segments. The approach is extended to the synthesis of gold nanoparticles and, using a protein encoding both material‐binding specificities, to the fabrication of titania/gold nanocomposites capable of photocatalysis under visible‐light illumination. Beyond uncovering critical roles for hierarchical organization and denticity on solid‐binding protein mineralization outcomes, the strategy described herein should prove valuable for the fabrication of hierarchical hybrid materials incorporating a broad range of inorganic components.
Ultrathin Cellulose Nanofiber Assisted Ambient‐Pressure‐Dried, Ultralight, Mechanically Robust, Multifunctional MXene Aerogels
Authors: Wu Na , Yang Yunfei , Wang Changxian , Wu Qilei , Pan Fei , Zhang Runa , Liu Jiurong , Zeng Zhihui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAmbient‐pressure‐dried (APD) preparation of transition metal carbide/nitrides (MXene) aerogels is highly desirable yet remains highly challenging. Here, ultrathin, high‐strength‐to‐weight‐ratio, renewable cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are efficiently utilized to assist in the APD preparation of ultralight yet robust, highly conductive, large‐area MXene‐based aerogels via a facile, energy‐efficient, eco‐friendly, and scalable freezing‐exchanging‐drying approach. The strong interactions of large‐aspect‐ratio CNF and MXene as well as the biomimetic nacre‐like microstructure induce high mechanical strength and stability to avoid the structure collapse of aerogels in the APD process. Abundant functional groups of CNFs facilitate the chemical crosslinking of MXene‐based aerogels, significantly improving the hydrophobicity, water resistance, and even oxidation stability. The ultrathin, 1D nature of the CNF renders the minimal MXenes’ interlayered gaps and numerous heterogeneous interfaces, yielding the excellent conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance of aerogels. The synergies of the MXene, CNF, and abundant pores efficiently improve the EMI shielding performance, photothermal conversion, and absorption of viscous crude oil. This work shows great promises of the APD, multifunctional MXene‐based aerogels in electromagnetic protection or compatibility, thermal therapy, and oil‐water separation applications.
Direct Formation of Hard‐Magnetic Tetrataenite in Bulk Alloy Castings
Authors: Ivanov Yurii P. , Sarac Baran , Ketov Sergey V. , Eckert Jürgen , Greer A. Lindsay 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCurrently, predominant high‐performance permanent magnets contain rare‐earth elements. In the search for rare‐earth‐free alternates, body‐centered tetragonal Fe–Ni is notable. The ordering to form this phase from the usual cubic close‐packed Fe‐Ni is understood to be possible only below a critical temperature, commonly accepted to be 593 K. The ordering is first demonstrated by using neutron irradiation to accelerate atomic diffusion. The tetragonal phase, designated as the mineral tetrataenite, is found in Fe‐based meteorites, its formation attributed to ultra‐slow cooling. Despite many attempts with diverse approaches, bulk synthesis of tetrataenite has not been reported. Here it is shown that with appropriate alloy compositions, bulk synthesis of tetrataenite is possible, even in conventional casting at cooling rates 11‒15 orders of magnitude higher than in meteorites. The barrier to obtaining tetrataenite (slow ordering from cubic close‐packed to body‐centered tetragonal) is circumvented, opening a processing window for potential rare‐earth‐free permanent magnets. The formation of tetrataenite on industrially practicable timescales also throws into question the interpretation of its formation in meteorites and their associated cooling rates.
Lost time: COVID‐19 indemnity claim reporting and results in the Wisconsin workers' compensation system from March 12 to December 31, 2020
Authors: Modji Komi K. S. , Morris Collin R. , Creswell Paul D. , McCoy Katherine , Aiello Tracy , Grajewski Barbara , Tomasallo Carrie D. , Pray Ian , Meiman Jonathan G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic introduced a new compensable infectious disease to workplaces.MethodsThis was a descriptive analysis of Wisconsin COVID workers' compensation (WC) claims between March 12 and December 31, 2020. The impact of the presumption law (March 12 to June 10, 2020) was also evaluated.ResultsLess than 1% of working‐age residents with COVID‐19 filed a claim. COVID‐19 WC claim rates (per 100,000 FTE) were notably low for frontline industry sectors such as Retail Trade (n = 115), Manufacturing (n = 88), and Wholesale Trade (n = 31). Healthcare workers (764 claims per 100,000 FTE) comprised 73.2% of COVID‐19 claims. Most claims (52.8%) were denied and the proportion of denied claims increased significantly after the presumption period for both first responders and other occupations.ConclusionThe presumption law made benefits accessible primarily to first responders. Further changes to WC systems are needed to offset the individual and collective costs of infectious diseases.
Expanding the phenotype of Bruck syndrome: Severe limb deformity, arthrogryposis, congenital cardiac disease and pulmonary hemorrhage
Authors: Sandy Jessica L. , Perez Darazel , Goh Shuxiang , Forsey Jonathan , Rajagopalan Sulekha , Trivedi Amit , Munns Craig F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBruck syndrome is a rare collagen disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance caused by pathogenic variants in either FKBP10 or PLOD2 genes. It is characterized by bone fragility and fractures similar in severity and variability to osteogenesis‐imperfecta as well as congenital joint contractures. This article describes an infant with a homozygous (partial) gene deletion of PLOD2 that includes the start codon and would be expected to lead to nonfunctional protein product. The infant had a severe phenotype of Bruck syndrome and is the only reported case of Bruck syndrome with congenital cardiac disease (triscuspid valve dysplasia with severe regurgitation, mitral valve prolapses with moderate regurgitation, and pulmonary hypertension) and pulmonary hemorrhage. We hypothesize that the additional feature of congenital cardiac disease in this case was due to the underlying defect in type I collagen, and that the pulmonary hemorrhage was multifactorial, with underlying vessel fragility, rib fractures, and high pulmonary pressures likely to be major contributing factors. Management was largely supportive with the use of bisphosphonates to assist in pain management. Care was complicated by comorbid cardiopulmonary compromise, limited evidence‐base guiding care, and difficulties in discussing end‐of‐life care.
One‐Shot Synthesis of B/N‐Doped Calix[4]arene Exhibiting Narrowband Multiple Resonance Fluorescence
Authors: Fan Tianjiao , Zhang Yuewei , Wang Lu , Wang Qian , Yin Chen , Du Mingxu , Jia Xiaoqin , Li Guomeng , Duan Lian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA novel macrocycle of B/N‐doped calix[4]arene (C‐BN) was synthesized by a one‐shot double boronation. Owing to the structural tension and electron‐donating properties of the nitrogen atoms in the macrocycle, reaction selectively proceeds between the adjacent benzene rings outside the macrocycle. C‐BN shows a highly centrosymmetric structure with two multiple resonance (MR) fragments bridged by tertiary amine groups at the 1,3 positions of the benzene ring. Benefiting from the large intermolecular distance (>4.6 Å) between adjacent MR‐emitting cores, C‐BN also exhibits excellent narrowband emitting features against aggregation‐induced quenching and spectrum broadening. Optimized organic light‐emitting diode devices based on C‐BN exhibit high maximum external quantum efficiencies of 24.7–26.6 % and small full width at half maximums of 25–28 nm over a wide doping range of 1–12 wt %.
Low‐temperature performance optimization of LiFePO4‐based batteries
Authors: Ma Chunxiang , Wang Xiaoning , Song Yijun , Hu Haoyu , Li Wei , Qiu Zhijian , Cui Yongpeng , Xing Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLiFePO4 is one of the most widely used cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, and the low‐temperature performance of LiFePO4‐based batteries has been widely studied in recent years. Herein, a 3.5 Ah pouch‐type full battery was assembled using LiFePO4 as the cathode and artificial graphite as the anode. For the LiFePO4‐based cathode, carbon‐coated aluminum foil was selected as the current collector, and a 0D–1D–2D multi‐scale conductive network was introduced into the electrode. Notably, both the carbon‐coated current collector and novel conductive network could significantly reduce the internal resistance of the LiFePO4‐based battery, thus improving its electrochemical dynamics and low‐temperature performance. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the development of low‐temperature LiFePO4‐based batteries.
Edible hydrogel from gelatin and alginate as functional low‐calorie noodle
Authors: Wang Lini , Zhang Hui Jie , Wang Xinyi , Zhao Wenying , Yan Weihua , Zhang Fangjian , Li Yanjun , You Xiangyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere is an urgent need to develop edible hydrogels that can be served as a main dish with low‐calorie content and high satiety value, yet are easy to digest. However, the development of such hydrogels remains challenging. In this study, low‐calorie edible hydrogels were prepared from gelatin and sodium alginate (gel/SA hydrogels) through a facile acid soaking‐drying method. These gel/SA hydrogels exhibited excellent mechanical properties with texture characteristics similar to that of Liangpi. The sensitivity of gelatin and acidified sodium alginate to pH resulted in a high swelling ratio of the hydrogels, contributing to weight retention in a simulated stomach environment and rapid degradation in a simulated intestinal environment. These properties indicate that these gel/SA hydrogels have a good prospect of being used as low‐calorie food with high satiety value and are easy to digest. Konjac glucomannan can also be incorporated into the gel/SA hydrogels to further improve their biological functionality.
Organics‐MXene Composites as Electrode Materials for Energy Storage
Authors: Tang Mi , Sun Hao , Su Lun , Gao Yijun , Chen Fu , Wang Zhengbang , Wang Chengliang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXene) have emerged as a family of multifunctional materials due to the high electrical conductivity, good stability, abundant and tunable surface functional groups, showing competitive applications in energy storage and conversion. The surface functional groups and their Zeta negative potential properties facilitate the assembly of positively charged organic compounds between the MXene nanosheets to form a stable hybrid, which endow the MXene‐based composite materials better electrochemical performance compared to the individual component. As such, this review exclusively highlights the development of organics/MXene‐based composites and summarizes the various strategies for assembling or fabricating organics/MXene‐based hybrid composites. Applications of these organics/MXene‐based electrode materials in supercapacitors and batteries are also discussed in brief along with analysis of their excellent electrochemical performances and the charge storage mechanisms. Finally, some remaining challenging issues and future opportunities of organics/MXene composites as electrode materials for the high‐power and low‐cost rechargeable batteries or supercapacitors are also discussed.
Enhancing long‐term storage and stability of engineered living materials through desiccant storage and trehalose treatment
Authors: Brooks Sierra M. , Reed Kevin B. , Yuan Shuo‐Fu , Altin‐Yavuzarslan Gokce , Shafranek Ryan , Nelson Alshakim , Alper Hal S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEngineered living materials (ELMs) have broad applications for enabling on‐demand bioproduction of compounds ranging from small molecules to large proteins. However, most formulations and reports lack the capacity for storage beyond a few months. In this study, we develop an optimized procedure to maximize stress resilience of yeast‐laden ELMs through the use of desiccant storage and 10% trehalose incubation before lyophilization. This approach led to over 1‐year room temperature storage stability across a range of strain genotypes. In particular, we highlight the superiority of exogenously added trehalose over endogenous, engineered production in yielding robust preservation resilience that is independent of cell state. This simple, effective protocol enables sufficient accumulation of intracellular trehalose over a short period of contact time across a range of strain backgrounds without requiring the overexpression of a trehalose importer. A variety of microscopic analysis including µ‐CT and confocal microscopy indicate that cells form spherical colonies within F127‐BUM ELMs that have variable viability upon storage. The robustness of the overall procedure developed here highlights the potential for widespread deployment to enable on‐demand, cold‐chain independent bioproduction.
Multi‐level natural capital implementation within planetary boundaries
Authors: Small Angela Naomi , Paavola Jouni , Owen Alice 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this conceptual paper, we examine current theories of natural capital approach implementation and identify areas where further research is needed to help humanity live within planetary boundaries. Natural capital and ecosystem service approaches offer an advanced understanding of Earth's life‐support systems and their interaction with human well‐being at multiple scales, particularly organizations. The insights they offer are present in conservation and accounting literature but are not yet reflected in corporate environmental sustainability literature, a gap this paper seeks to bridge. Without considering scale, it is difficult to understand how micro (individual) and meso (organizational or national) actions contribute to global goals (planetary boundaries). We suggest a multi‐level natural capital implementation framework for corporate environmental sustainability and explain how it can advance natural capital implementation by including scoping and monitoring phases and increasing awareness of natural resource dependencies and how it advances multi‐level environmental management theory.