bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on One Health approach in Ethiopia
Authors: Erkyihun Gashaw Adane , Gari Fikru Regassa , Edao Bedaso Mammo , Kassa Gezahegne Mamo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe risk of spreading emerging and reemerging diseases has been increasing by the interactions of human – animal – ecosystems and increases account for more than one billion cases, a million deaths and caused hundreds of billions of US dollars of economic damage per year in the world. Countries in which their household income is dependent on livestock are characterized by a strong correlation between a high burden of zoonotic disease and poverty. The One Health approach is critical for solutions to prevent, prepare for, and respond to these complex threats. As part of the implementation of the Global Health Security Agenda, Ethiopia has embraced the One Health approach to respond to the existing and emerging threats. Several developments have been made to pioneer One Health schemes in Ethiopia which includes establishment of the National One Health Steering Committee and Technical Working Groups, prioritization of zoonotic diseases based on their impact on human and livestock, the development of prevention and control working documents for prioritized zoonotic diseases, joint disease surveillance and outbreak investigation, prioritization of zoonotic diseases, capacity building and other One Health promotions. Nevertheless, there are still so many challenges which need to be addressed. Poor integration among sectors in data sharing and communication, institutionalization of One Health, lack of continuous advocacy among the community, lack of financial funds from the government, limited research fund and activities on One Health, etc. are among many challenges. Hence, it is critical to continue raising awareness of One Health approach and foster leaders to work across disciplines and sectors. Therefore, continuous review on available global and national one health information and achievements to provide compiled information for more understanding is very important.
Determinants of consumers’ acceptance of indigenous leafy vegetables in Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa
Authors: Zulu Sinethemba Sibusisiwe , Ngidi Mjabuliseni , Ojo Temitope , Hlatshwayo Simphiwe Innocentia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIndigenous leafy vegetables (ILVs) do not only play a significant role in ensuring livelihoods for households in South Africa but can also contribute in enhancing the consumption of diversified foods for improved micronutrient intake. However, these plants are underutilized and their consumption is determined by ILVs' regional cuisines accepted in certain ethnic groups. This study was set out to assess the acceptance of indigenous leafy vegetables by consumers in Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces. The study used secondary data that were collected by the South African Vulnerability Assessment Committee in 2016. A total of 1520 respondents were selected from the two provinces using a multistage stratified sampling method. The results of the descriptive statistics showed that blackjack was the least consumed leafy vegetable as compared to amaranth and cleome, which were, respectively, most consumed. Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model was employed to analyse the determinants of consumers’ acceptance of ILVs. The results of SUR showed that gender of the household head, marital status, HIV status, wages/salary, and grants were statistically significant in influencing the acceptance of ILVs by consumers. Education and marital status had a negative influence on the acceptance of all leafy vegetables being investigated in this study. Policy makers need to consider the inclusion of ILVs into the school curriculum and national food and nutrition security policy.
Are non-performing loans sensitive to macroeconomic determinants? an empirical evidence from banking sector of SAARC countries
Authors: Anita Saom Shawleen , Tasnova Nishat , Nawar Nousheen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study empirically investigates selected macroeconomic determinants of non-performing loans (NPLs) for a panel of 8 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Maldives, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka), using annual data for the period 2008–2019. To examine the association, this study, primarily, conducted the OLS model, fixed effect estimates, and random effect estimates and, eventually, applied robust fixed effect estimates to resolve the problem of heteroscedasticity. The empirical findings confirmed the previous findings, indicating a significant positive association with the government budget balance and a significant inverse relationship with GDP, sovereign debt, inflation rate, and money supply. To reduce the aggregate NPLs in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation economy, the respective country’s government should identify the financial sector’s vulnerabilities and, thereby, emphasize boosting the economic growth, ensuring a moderate level of money supply along with inflation rate. The findings are useful for formulating macro-prudential along with fiscal policies to avoid the subsequent NPLs shock in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation countries.
A dissemination and education programme to improve the clinical behaviours of psychiatrists in accordance with treatment guidelines for schizophrenia and major depressive disorders: the Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in Psychiatric Treatment (EGUIDE) project
Authors: Yamada Hisashi , Motoyama Mikuni , Hasegawa Naomi , Miura Kenichiro , Matsumoto Junya , Ohi Kazutaka , Yasui-Furukori Norio , Numata Shusuke , Takeshima Masahiro , Sugiyama Nobuhiro , Nagasawa Tatsuya , Kubota Chika , Atake Kiyokazu , Tsuboi Takashi , Ichihashi Kayo , Hashimoto Naoki , Inagaki Takahiko , Takaesu Yoshikazu , Iga Jun-ichi , Hori Hikaru , Onitsuka Toshiaki , Komatsu Hiroshi , Hishimoto Akitoyo , Fukumoto Kentaro , Fujimoto Michiko , Nakamura Toshinori , Nemoto Kiyotaka , Furihata Ryuji , Yamamura Satoshi , Yamagata Hirotaka , Ogasawara Kazuyoshi , Katsumoto Eiichi , Murata Atsunobu , Iida Hitoshi , Ochi Shinichiro , Makinodan Manabu , Kido Mikio , Kishimoto Taishiro , Yasuda Yuka , Usami Masahide , Suwa Taro , Inada Ken , Watanabe Koichiro , Hashimoto Ryota 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundClinical practice guidelines for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder have been published. However, these have not had sufficient penetration in clinical settings. We developed the Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in Psychiatric Treatment (EGUIDE) project as a dissemination and education programme for psychiatrists.AimsThe aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the EGUIDE project on the subjective clinical behaviour of psychiatrists in accordance with clinical practice guidelines before and 1 and 2 years after participation in the programmes.MethodA total of 607 psychiatrists participated in this study during October 2016 and March 2019. They attended both 1-day educational programmes based on the clinical practice guidelines for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, and answered web questionnaires about their clinical behaviours before and 1 and 2 years after attending the programmes. We evaluated the changes in clinical behaviours in accordance with the clinical practice guidelines between before and 2 years after the programme.ResultsAll of the scores for clinical behaviours in accordance with clinical practice guidelines were significantly improved after 1 and 2 years compared with before attending the programmes. There were no significant changes in any of the scores between 1 and 2 years after attending.ConclusionsAll clinical behaviours in accordance with clinical practice guidelines improved after attending the EGUIDE programme, and were maintained for at least 2 years. The EGUIDE project could contribute to improved guideline-based clinical behaviour among psychiatrists.
Enumerating spanning trees of vertex-edge-growth graph
Authors: Ma Fei , Yao Bing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The problem of determining the number of spanning trees of graph having interesting structural properties such as the scale-free feature is attractive in science community. In this paper, we first present a class of outer-planar and self-similar graphs N(t) by using vertex-edge-growth operation. According to specific topological structure, we calculate the average degree, and show that the model N(t) is sparse. Then, we develop a series of iterative methods in order to obtain an exact solution of the total number of spanning trees of the model N(t), and also illustrate the corresponding spanning tree entropy. The calculation method used can be suitable for enumerating spanning trees of other graphs with similar properties.
Prediabetes in Young Adults and Its Association With Cardiovascular Health Metrics in the Progression to Diabetes
Authors: Suzuki Yuta , Kaneko Hidehiro , Okada Akira , Matsuoka Satoshi , Itoh Hidetaka , Fujiu Katsuhito , Michihata Nobuaki , Jo Taisuke , Takeda Norifumi , Morita Hiroyuki , Yamaguchi Satoko , Node Koichi , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Yasunaga Hideo , Komuro Issei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Context
The natural history of young adults with prediabetes and its association with cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics in progression to diabetes remain unknown.

Objective
We examined the association between CVH metrics and the annual incidence of diabetes in young adults with prediabetes.

Methods
This observational cohort study used the JMDC Claims Database. We analyzed 18 908 participants aged 18 to 44 years, with available fasting plasma glucose (FPG) data for 5 consecutive years, and who had prediabetes (FPG 100-125 mg/dL) at the initial health checkup. The ideal CVH metrics were as follows: nonsmoking, body mass index (BMI) less than 25 kg/m2, physical activity at goal, optimal dietary habits, blood pressure less than 120/80 mm Hg, and total cholesterol less than 200 mg/dL. We analyzed the association between CVH metrics and the annual incidence of diabetes. We also examined the relationship between 1-year changes in CVH metrics and the subsequent risk of diabetes.

Results
The incidence of diabetes was 3.3% at 1 year and 9.5% at 5 years after the initial health checkup. An increasing number of nonideal CVH metrics have been associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Nonideal BMI, smoking, blood pressure, and total cholesterol level were associated with an increased risk of diabetes. This association was observed both in men and women. A one-point increase in the number of nonideal CVH metric components was associated over 1 year with an increased risk of diabetes.

Conclusion
CVH metrics can stratify the risk of diabetes in young adults with prediabetes. Improving CVH metrics may reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
Extracellular Vesicles and Their Emerging Roles as Cellular Messengers in Endocrinology: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Authors: Salomon Carlos , Das Saumya , Erdbrügger Uta , Kalluri Raghu , Kiang Lim Sai , Olefsky Jerrold M , Rice Gregory E , Sahoo Susmita , Andy Tao W , Vader Pieter , Wang Qun , Weaver Alissa M 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDuring the last decade, there has been great interest in elucidating the biological role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly, their hormone-like role in cell-to-cell communication. The field of endocrinology is uniquely placed to provide insight into the functions of EVs, which are secreted from all cells into biological fluids and carry endocrine signals to engage in paracellular and distal interactions. EVs are a heterogeneous population of membrane-bound vesicles of varying size, content, and bioactivity. EVs are specifically packaged with signaling molecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and are released via exocytosis into biofluid compartments. EVs regulate the activity of both proximal and distal target cells, including translational activity, metabolism, growth, and development. As such, EVs signaling represents an integral pathway mediating intercellular communication. Moreover, as the content of EVs is cell-type specific, it is a “fingerprint” of the releasing cell and its metabolic status. Recently, changes in the profile of EV and bioactivity have been described in several endocrine-related conditions including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The goal of this statement is to highlight relevant aspects of EV research and their potential role in the field of endocrinology.
GDF5+ chondroprogenitors derived from human pluripotent stem cells preferentially form permanent chondrocytes
Authors: Pothiawala Azim , Sahbazoglu Berke E. , Ang Bryan K. , Matthias Nadine , Pei Guangsheng , Yan Qing , Davis Brian R. , Huard Johnny , Zhao Zhongming , Nakayama Naoki 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
It has been established in the mouse model that during embryogenesis joint cartilage is generated from a specialized progenitor cell type, distinct from that responsible for the formation of growth plate cartilage. We recently found that mesodermal progeny of human pluripotent stem cells gave rise to two types of chondrogenic mesenchymal cells in culture: SOX9+ and GDF5+ cells. The fast-growing SOX9+ cells formed in vitro cartilage that expressed chondrocyte hypertrophy markers and readily underwent mineralization after ectopic transplantation. In contrast, the slowly growing GDF5+ cells derived from SOX9+ cells formed cartilage that tended to express low to undetectable levels of chondrocyte hypertrophy markers, but expressed PRG4, a marker of embryonic articular chondrocytes. The GDF5+-derived cartilage remained largely unmineralized in vivo. Interestingly, chondrocytes derived from the GDF5+ cells seemed to elicit these activities via non-cell-autonomous mechanisms. Genome-wide transcriptomic analyses suggested that GDF5+ cells might contain a teno/ligamento-genic potential, whereas SOX9+ cells resembled neural crest-like progeny-derived chondroprogenitors. Thus, human pluripotent stem cell-derived GDF5+ cells specified to generate permanent-like cartilage seem to emerge coincidentally with the commitment of the SOX9+ progeny to the tendon/ligament lineage.
Comparison between second-look ultrasound and second-look digital breast tomosynthesis in the detection of additional lesions with presurgical CESM
Authors: Bellini Chiara , Bicchierai Giulia , Amato Francesco , Savi Elena , De Benedetto Diego , Di Naro Federica , Boeri Cecilia , Vanzi Ermanno , Miele Vittorio , Nori Jacopo 
Published: April 2022

Objectives:
To compare second-look ultrasound (SL-ultrasound) with second-look digital breast tomosynthesis (SL-DBT) in the detection of additional lesions (ALs) with presurgical contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM).

Methods:
We retrospectively included 121 women with 128 ALs from patients who underwent CESM for presurgical staging at our centre from September 2016 to December 2018. These ALs underwent SL-ultrasound and a retrospective review of DBT (SL-DBT) performed 1–3 weeks prior to CESM to evaluate the performance of each technique individually and in combination. ALs in CESM images were evaluated according to enhancement type (focus, mass, or non-mass), size (&lt;10 mm or &gt;10 mm) and level of suspicion (BI-RADS 2, 3, 4 or 5). Our gold-standard was post-biopsy histology, post-surgical specimen or &gt;24 month negative follow-up. McNemar’s test was used for the statistical analysis.

Results:
Out of the 128 ALs, an imaging correlate was found for 71 (55.5 %) with ultrasound, 79 (61.7%) with DBT, 53 (41.4 %) with DBT and ultrasound, and 97 (75.8%) with ultrasound and/or DBT. SL-DBT demonstrated a higher detection rate vs SL-ultrasound in non-mass enhancement (NME) pattern (p: 0.0325) and ductal carcinoma in situ histological type (p: 0.0081). Adding SL-DBT improved the performance vs SL-ultrasound alone in the overall sample (p: &lt;0.0001) and in every subcategory identified; adding SL-ultrasound to SL-DBT improved the detectability of ALs in the overall sample and in every category except for NME (p: 0.0833), foci (p: 0.0833) and B3 lesions (p: 0.3173).

Conclusion:
Combined second-look imaging (SL-DBT+ SL-ultrasound) for CESM ALs is superior to SL-DBT alone and SL-ultrasound alone. In B3 lesions, NME, and foci, the analysis of a larger sample could determine whether adding SL-ultrasound to SL-DBT is necessary or not.

Advances in knowledge:
Thanks to its high sensitivity, CESM is a useful tool in presurgical staging to detect the extent of the disease burden and identify ALs not detected with conventional imaging. Since CESM-guided biopsy systems are still scarcely available in clinical practice, it is necessary to look for other approaches to histologically characterize ALs detected with CESM. In our study, combined second-look imaging (SL-DBT + SL-ultrasound) showed better performance in terms of detectability of ALs, than either SL-DBT or SL-ultrasound alone, and allowed us to identify 91.2% of ALs that turned out to be malignant at final histology; for the remaining 8.8% it was still necessary to perform MRI or MRI-guided biopsy. However, this issue could be solved once CESM-guided biopsies spread in clinical practice. SL-DBT demonstrated a higher detection rate than SL-ultrasound in NME and ductal carcinoma in situ histology.
Predictive scoring system for risk of complications in pediatric dengue infection
Authors: Bhaskar Monisha , Mahalingam Soundarya , M M Harish , Achappa Basavaprabhu 
Published: April 2022

Background: Dengue infection has been a worrisome cause of mortality and morbidity in children. Though numerous scoring systems have been developed, they are in the adult population or are too complicated for use in children. Pediatric dengue infection has a wide spectrum from a mild illness to severe complications and an unpredictable course. Hence the need for a predictive scoring system where the possibility of complications can be identified which can contribute to reduction in mortality and morbidity of dengue by prompt referrals and anticipatory management. Methods: Prospective case cohort study of children with confirmed dengue fever. Results: 303 children were included and divided into two groups – the dengue fever group and the complicated dengue group based on the WHO clinical classification. The clinical and laboratory parameters were analysed individually, cut offs identified by ROC curves and compared for significance between the two groups. The parameters that emerged were hypotension, PCV ≥ 42%, platelet count ≤ 75000 cells/cumm, WBC ≥ 7000 cells/cumm, and ALT ≥ 70U/L. Using the adjusted odd’s Ratio, and coefficient, individual predictive scores were tabulated ranging from 0 to 3, with a total score of 0 to 7. A cut-off score of 2 was then identified based upon the sensitivity (84.13%) and specificity (72.50%) as the ideal score to predict complicated dengue. Internal validation of the score was done where the area under the curve for predicting complicated dengue was 0.86 (95% CI 0.8-0.92) with a P value of <0.001. Conclusion: Our dengue predictive scoring system has been developed using five indicators, with a score of two and above, out of seven, suggesting increased risk of developing complications. This has been validated internally and can be used to predict complicated dengue among children.
Lower vitamin D level is associated with higher prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in under-five children actively living in tropical countries
Authors: Tamara Lianda , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar , Alam Anggraini , Kartasasmita Cissy B. , Gurnida Dida A. 
Published: April 2022

Objective: Indonesia accounted for 845.000 tuberculosis (TB) cases, ranked as the second-highest TB incidence in the world. Various studies in childhood TB and vitamin D has overgrown in recent years, but there is no study for vitamin D status in under-five children with pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia as tropical country that has an abundant sun exposure. This study evaluates the vitamin D level in under-five children with pulmonary TB compared with healthy children control group. Materials and Methods: This comparative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in outpatient clinic from February 2019 – February 2020. We selected children ≤5 years old, diagnosed with pulmonary TB; the control group was the random siblings or neighbors who did not have tuberculosis. Differences in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in both groups were statistically analyzed with independent t-test. The vitamin D cutoff values were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: A total of 70 patients aged ≤5 years old met the inclusion criteria, 35 childrens were assigned for each group. The 25-hydroxy vitamin D mean level in the TB group was 42.72 nmol/L and 97.74 nmol/L in control group. The TB group has significantly lower 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels than control group (p<0.001). With sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%, 97.1%, 97.2%, and 100%, respectively, the optimal cutoff point level for 25-hydroxy vitamin D was 80nmol/L. Conclusion: Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in children with pulmonary TB are significantly lower than in healthy children. Further study should be conducted to determine the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of children with tuberculosis.
Prevalence study of intermittent hormonal therapy of Prostate Cancer patients in Spain
Authors: Bonfill-Cosp Xavier , Auladell-Rispau Ariadna , Gich Ignasi , Zamora Javier , Saiz Luis Carlos , Pijoan Jose Ignacio , Urreta Iratxe , Cordero José Antonio 
Published: April 2022

Background: Although intermittent androgen deprivation therapy was introduced many years ago to improve patients’ quality of life with the same carcinologic efficiency as continuous hormonal therapy, recent data suggest that intermittency could be underutilised. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of prostate cancer patients receiving intermittent androgen deprivation therapy in Spain. Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal study was conducted using electronic drug dispensation data from four Spanish autonomous communities, which encompass 17.23 million inhabitants (36.22% of the total population in Spain). We estimated intermittent androgen therapy use (%IAD) and the prevalence of patients under intermittent androgen therapy in reference to the total number of PC patients using hormonal therapy (P IAD) and stratified by region. Other outcome variables included the pharmaceutical forms dispensed and the total direct annual expenditure on androgen deprivation therapy‐associated medications. Results: A total of 863,005 dispensations corresponding to a total of 65,752 men were identified, treated with either luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogues (353,162) administered alone or in combination with anti‐androgens (509,843). Overall, the mean (±SD) age of the patients was 76.9 (±10.4) years. Results revealed that the mean annual P IAD along the study was 6.6% in the total population studied, and the overall %IAD during the five‐year study period was 5.6%. The mean cost of hormonal therapy per year was 25 million euros for LHRH analogues and 6.3 million euros for anti-androgens. Conclusions: Few prostate cancer patients in Spain use the intermittent androgen deprivation therapy suggesting underutilization of a perfectly valid option for a significant proportion of patients, missing the opportunity to improve their quality of life and to reduce costs for the National Health Service with comparable overall survival rates than continuous therapy.