bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A community-based distrust-aware computational trust model for online social networks
Authors: Kondori Marzie Rowshanmaram , Ashtiani Mehrdad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Trust calculation is an important aspect of social networks research which acts as the main pillar of the network’s existence. The research conducted in this domain still faces unsolved challenges that should be tackled to improve the accuracy of the results. One of these challenges is the cold start problem which we aim to reduce. We have achieved this goal by reducing the dependency of the trust calculation metrics on the links between two individual nodes. We calculate the trust score toward a node without the existence of a link between the trustor and a trustee according to individual characteristics and similarity factors. The consideration of both trust and distrust criteria in the model has resulted in higher accuracy and precision. The network is transformed into communities with nodes having similar subject interests by using topic modeling. The accuracy of the model presented in this research is not reduced despite the low number of communication edges. It has been shown in the evaluations that the mean absolute error of the trust calculations is about 0.01 even with the reduction of 90% of the edges. Hence, the model presented in this research is robust against the edge sparsity of the network. The proposed model is compared with notable current works namely the GCR method and the method presented by Akilal et al. Based on the average absolute error criterion, with a reduction of 90% of the edges, the accuracy of the proposed model shows a 98% increase compared to the GCR method and 96% increase compared to the Akilal et al.’s proposed method.
Lipid Nanoparticle Mediated Delivery of Docetaxel Prodrug for Exploiting Full Potential of Gold Radiosensitizers in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer.
Authors: Alhussan Abdulaziz , Jackson Nolan , Eaton Sarah , Santos Nancy Dos , Barta Ingrid , Zaifman Josh , Chen Sam , Tam Yuen Yi C. , Krishnan Sunil , Chithrani Devika B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Current chemoradiation therapy suffers from normal tissue toxicity. To overcome this problem, we are proposing incorporating nanoparticles as radiosensitizers and as drug delivery vehicles into current chemoradiation regimes. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and Docetaxel (DTX) have shown very promising synergetic radiosensitization effects despite DTX toxicity to normal tissues. Here, we explored the effect of DTX prodrug encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPDTX−P) on GNP uptake in pancreatic cancer models in vitro and in vivo.
Methods
For the in vitro experiment, pancreatic cancer cell line, MIA PaCa-2, were cultured and dosed with 7.5 µg/mL of GNPs (of ~ 11 nm in diameter functionalized with PEG and RGD peptide) and with 45 nM of free DTX or equivalent dose of LNPDTX−P. For the in vivo experiment, MIA PaCa-2 were implanted subcutaneously in NRG mice and the mice were dosed with 2 mg/kg of GNPs and 6 mg/kg of DTX or equivalent dose of LNPDTX−P. GNPs content in mice and in cells were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS).
Results
The results show that LNPDTX−P treated tumour samples have no less than 191% increase in GNPs uptake compared to control samples in both in vitro and in vivo. The results also show that LNPDTX−P treated tumour samples have retained over 160% of GNPs compared to control samples in both in vitro and in vivo. No significant difference was found in GNP uptake or retention between free DTX and LNPDTX−P in tumour treated samples in vivo.
Conclusions
The results are very promising as LNPDTX−P have superior targeting of tumour tissues compared to free DTX due to their nano size and their ability to be functionalized. Because of their minimal toxicity to normal tissues, both GNPs and LNPDTX−P can be ideal radiosensitization candidates in radiotherapy and would produce very promising synergistic therapeutic outcome. Current radiotherapy treatments can hugely benefit from the effects of these two radiosensitizers boosting the radiation dose to the tumour while reducing the normal tissue dose. This in return will improve patient outcome and quality of life.
Early porosity generation in organic-sulfur-rich mudstones
Authors: Knapp Levi J. , Ardakani Omid H. , Reyes Julito , Ishikawa Kazuaki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
High organic sulfur (Sorg) content (i.e., Type IIS kerogen) is well known to significantly influence kerogen transformation but the effect of Sorg content on organic porosity evolution has rarely and indirectly been investigated. This study demonstrates that organic porosity is generated at lower thermal maturity in mudstones containing Type IIS kerogen relative to those with Type II kerogen. The implications of this work are relevant for the characterization of organic-rich mudstones as cap rocks, unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs, and disposal reservoirs for CO2 or nuclear waste because pore systems control storage volumes and matrix fluid flow. Five thermally immature core samples were selected from three organic-rich mudstone units. In order of increasing Sorg content, the studied formations were the Late Devonian Duvernay Formation (Canada), middle late Miocene Onnagawa Formation (Japan), and early Jurassic Gordondale member of the Fernie Formation (Canada). Hydrous pyrolysis was used to artificially mature splits of the immature samples to 4 maturity stages, upon which petrophysical and organic geochemical properties were measured and compared to baseline immature samples.
Association of Rahnella victoriana, Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. hoffmannii and Citrobacter braakii with walnut decline in Iran
Authors: Haji-Ali-Gol Mohammad-Reza , Charkhabi Nargues Falahi , Shahryari Fatemeh , Sarikhani Saadat 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Persian walnut (Juglans regia) has a considerable economic importance worldwide. However, the vigor and vitality of walnut trees have been heavily affected by bark canker during the last few years. Irregular longitudinal cankers in the outer bark, stem tissue necrosis, bleeding with black-colored exudates and dark lesions in the inner bark of walnut trees have been observed in Kermanshah, Hamedan, Markazi, Alborz, Isfahan, Qom, Semnan, and Razavi Khorasan provinces in western, central and eastern Iran during 2018 and 2019. Therefore in order to identification of bacteria associated with walnut decline, a total of 150 symptomatic samples were collected from affected walnut trees. Two-hundred sixty strains with a metallic green sheen were isolated on EMB-agar medium. The pathogenicity of strains was proved by inoculating a suspension of the bacterial strains under the bark of immature walnut fruits cv. ‘Hartley’. Ninety-five strains caused necrosis and a dark-colored region in the mesocarp around the inoculation site 14 days post-inoculation. Moreover, 12 representative strains induced necrotic and black-colored tissues in the bark of young green branches of two-year old walnut seedling cv. ‘Chandler’. The strains were classified into four categories based on conventional phenotypic characters confirmed with the 16S rRNA gene sequences. A phylogenetic tree based on the concatenated sequences of two housekeeping gene fragments, gyrB (601 bp) and infB (615 bp), indicated that strains including I1, Q6, and S6 were grouped in a cluster with G. quercinecans FBR97T as well as strains I2, I5, and KE6 were clustered with Rahnella victoriana FRB 225T. Moreover, strains MR1, MR3, and MR5 were grouped with the E. hormaechei subsp. hoffmannii DSM 14563T. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial sequencing of housekeeping genes including fusA (633 bp), pyrG (305), and leuS (640 bp) revealed that KH1, KH3, and KH7 strains belong to C. braakii species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. braakii and E. hormaechei as plant pathogens and R. victoriana associated with walnut decline.
Classification of a Two-Class ECG Dataset Based on Perceptron Learning in a Cortical Pyramidal Neuron Model
Authors: Bozkır İlknur Kayıkçıoğlu , Özcan Zübeyir , Köse Cemal , Kayıkçıoğlu Temel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pyramidal cells are the most prevalent neuronal type in the cortex, receiving thousands of synaptic inputs from all over the brain, and sending the largest axon outputs. They have a variety of active conductivities and complex morphologies that support highly nonlinear dendritic calculations. There has been a growing interest in understanding the classification abilities of pyramidal neurons. The perceptron learning algorithm, one of the foundations of machine learning, uses the highly simplified mathematical abstraction of a neuron, and it is unclear to what extent real biophysical neurons can perform perceptron like learning. In this article, we investigated the performance of a pyramidal neuron model in the classification problem of a two-class ECG dataset for different synaptic regions by using the perceptron learning method. The main purpose of this study is to reveal what role the soma, basilar and apical dendrites play in a classification problem. We concluded that when the synaptic receptor locations are selected close to the soma, classification performance close to the single layer perceptron can be obtained. The results indicated that the pyramidal neuron can successfully classify real-world data.
WRF Gray-Zone Dynamical Downscaling over the Tibetan Plateau during 1999- 2019: Model Performance and Added Value
Authors: Zhou Peifeng , Shao Min , Ma Mengnan , Ou Tinghai , Tang Jianping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau (TP) is an important component of the global climate system, while the characteristics of its climate is poorly represented in most regional climate models at coarse resolutions. In this study, a 20-year (2000-2019) dynamical downscaling simulation at the gray-zone resolution (9 km) using the WRF model driven by the ERA5 reanalysis is conducted over the TP. Based on comparison against in-situ observations and the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) version 6 satellite precipitation product, the assessment of basic climate variables, such as near-surface air temperature (T2m) and precipitation, is performed to evaluate model’s performance and understand its added value better. Results show that both WRF and ERA5 can successfully reproduce the spatial patterns of annual mean and seasonal mean surface air temperature. However, significant cold and wet biases are found especially over the southeastern TP in ERA5, which are greatly improved in WRF with reduced RMSEs. Not only the climatological characteristics, but also the inter-annual variability and seasonal variation of T2m and precipitation are well captured by WRF which reduces the cold and wet biases especially in winter and summer compared to ERA5, respectively. Besides, at daily scale, the overestimation of precipitation in WRF and ERA5 is mainly caused by the overestimated precipitation frequency when precipitation intensity changed slightly. Furthermore, WRF outperforms ERA5 in capturing the diurnal variation of precipitation with more realistic peak time in all sub-regions over the TP. Further investigation into the mechanism of model bias reveals that less simulated snow cover fraction plays a crucial role in increasing the surface net energy by affecting surface albedo over the southeastern TP in WRF, leading to higher T2m. In addition, less water vapor transport from the southern boundary of TP leads to reduced wet bias in WRF, indicating that the added value in dynamical downscaling at gray-zone resolution is obtained by representing water vapor transport more realistically.
Quantum optimal control for Pauli operators based on spin-1/2 system
Authors: Li Jinfang , Xin Zixuan , Hu Jieru , He Dongshan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Quantum control is an important basis for quantum computing, quantum com-munication and quantum simulation. The key of quantum control is to realize quantum logicoperators with high fidelity. In this paper, based on spin-1/2 system, the optimal simulationof three Pauli logic operators is carried out by using quantum optimal control theory. Under Pauli z spin-presentation, the results show that under the given quantum initial state, the Pauli operators achieve the expected target quantum state with a high fidelity of 0.9999. When the control pulse is applied on x-axis, the number of iterations required to optimize Pauli x operator to achieve the target state is the least, and the number of iterations requiredto optimize Pauli z operator is the most. In addition, the comparison shows that when thefidelity reach 0.9999, the population of the quantum final state can reach the ideal theoreti-cal expectation. Besides, the optimization fidelity of Hadamard gate can also reaches 0.9999 based on spin-1/2 system. Finally, the study on the phase evolution of quantum states showsthat the phase difference between the initial and final quantum states of optimized Pauli xand Pauli z logic operator is π/2, and there is no phase difference between the final quantumstate and the initial quantum state after the evolution of optimized Pauli y operator.
Effects of specific feedback based on an in-depth assessment tool for communication skills training in occupational therapy interns
Authors: Chen Tzu-Ting , Huang Yi-Jing , Chen Chyi-Rong , Hsu Chih-Wei , Huang Sheau-Ling , Hsieh Ching-Lin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Specific feedback is considered an important strategy in communication skills training (CST). However, the effects of specific feedback on CST have not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of specific feedback based on an in-depth assessment tool for CST (CST-SF) on occupational therapy interns’ communication skills (CS). A one-group pre-test and post-test study design was conducted. Thirty-six interns received the CST-SF and completed three interviews with different patients. After the interviews, clinical instructors provided interns brief feedback based on the Gap-Kalamazoo Communication Skills Assessment Form (GKCSAF) and experts gave specific feedback based on the Communication Skills Measure for Therapists. The first and last interviews were assessed by clinical instructors, interns, and patients using the GKCSAF, and were then rated by experts based on the transcripts. The differences in first and last interview GKCSAF scores were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results indicated that the interns significantly improved in terms of total scores and the scores of four CS domains in the GKCSAF: “builds a relationship,” “gathers information,” “shares information,” and “provides closure” (p < 0.05), with small to medium effect sizes (r = 0.29 to 0.37). The clinical instructors and interns both reported significant improvements in the scores of two CS domains: “gathers information” and “provides closure,” but the patients reported no significant change in the interns’ CS. The CST-SF could impact the CS of occupational therapy interns, especially in the four aforementioned CS domains.
Exhaustive Drainage versus Fixed-time Drainage for Chronic Subdural Hematoma after One-burr Hole Craniostomy (ECHO): Study Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wu Liang , Ou Yunwei , Zhu Bingcheng , Guo Xufei , Yu Xiaofan , Xu Long , Li Jinping , Feng Enshan , Li Huaqing , Wang Xiaodong , Chen Huaqun , Sun Zhaosheng , Liu Zaofu , Yang Dawei , Zhang Hongbing , Liu Zhigang , Tang Jie , Zhao Shangfeng , Zhang Guobin , Yao Jiemin , Ma Dongming , Sun Zelin , Zhou Hui , Liu Baiyun , Liu Weiming 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

Chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs) are one of the most common neurosurgical conditions. The standard surgical technique includes burr-hole craniostomy, followed by intraoperative irrigation and placement of subdural closed-system drainage. The drainage is generally removed after 48 hours, which can be described as fixed-time drainage strategy. According to literature, the recurrence rate is 5–33% with this strategy. In our retrospective study, postoperative hematoma volume was found to significantly increase the risk of recurrence. Based on these results, an exhaustive drainage strategy is conducted to minimize postoperative hematoma volume and achieve a low recurrence rate and good outcomes.

Methods

This is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial designed to include 304 participants over the age of 18–90 years presenting with a symptomatic CSDH verified on cranial computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Participants will be randomly allocated to perform exhaustive drainage (treatment group) or fixed-time drainage (control group) after one-burr hole craniostomy. The primary endpoint will be recurrence indicating a reoperation within 6 months.

Discussion

This study will validate the effect and safety of exhaustive drainage after one-burr hole craniostomy in reducing recurrence rates and provide critical information to improve CSDH surgical management.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04573387. Registered on October 5, 2020. (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT04573387.)
Alpha-synuclein-specific regulatory T cells ameliorate Parkinson’s disease progression in mice
Authors: Park Seon-Young , Yang HyeJin , Go Hyemin , Kim Hongsung , Bae Hyunsu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Parkinson’s disease is a long-term neurodegenerative disease characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss and the aggregation of alpha-synuclein in the brain. Cell therapy using regulatory T cells has therapeutic potential on Parkinson’s progression in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model; however, several challenges were associated with its applications. Polyclonal regulatory T cells can move to sites other than the disease loci and cause undesirable suppression. Moreover, the efficiency of regulatory T cells is reduced during the expansion process, accompanied by phenotypic changes. Here, we propose a strategy for regulatory T cell expansion using alpha-synuclein and bee venom phospholipase A2.
Methods
We presented alpha-synuclein to T cells via dendritic cells following bee venom phospholipase A2 treatment and analyzed their phenotype and mobility. These regulatory T cells were transferred to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson’s mouse model. First, we measured motor function using pole test. Next, we examined the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, alpha-synuclein, ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1, and nitric oxide synthase 2 in the substantia nigra by immunohistostaining. The mRNA expression related to neuroinflammation was measured using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
Results
Our method increased the mobility of regulatory T cells towards the site of abundant alpha-synuclein in vitro and in vivo. Alpha-synuclein-specific bee venom phospholipase A2-treated regulatory T cells showed noteworthy neuroprotective effects against motor function deficits, dopaminergic neuronal loss, and alpha-synuclein accumulation in the Parkinson's mouse model. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of alpha-synuclein-specific bee venom phospholipase A2-treated regulatory T cells exerted immunosuppressive effects on activated microglia, especially pro-inflammatory microglia, in Parkinson’s mice.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the combination of alpha-synuclein and bee venom phospholipase A2 may provide a significant improvement in neuroprotective activities of regulatory T cells and suggest the effective clinical application of T cell therapy in Parkinson’s.
The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 participates in morphine-induced autophagy
Authors: Huang Xin , Feng Yue , Deji Cuola , Yan Xinyue , Bai Yuying , Wei Shuguang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Morphine is an important potent analgesic which has many side effects such as addiction. Studies have demonstrated that autophagy play an important role during morphine addiction especially in morphine withdrawal. However, the molecular basis of morphine-induced autophagy has been not fully elucidated. The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a well-known transcription factor that plays a critical role in antioxidation and even autophagy, furthermore, previous study showed that it increased in the frontal cortex and striatum of the mice which suffering from morphine withdrawal, indicating that NRF2 may involve in morphine addiction. In the present study, we aim to clarify the role of NRF2 in morphine-induced autophagy in vitro. Our results showed morphine could significantly increase the expression of NRF2 and further induce autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, pretreatment of NRF2 inhibitor could reverse the upregulation of NRF2 and autophagy after morphine administration, indicating NRF2 play a key role in morphine-induced autophagy. Interestingly, we found NRF2 was also regulated by autophagy because pretreated with 3-Methyladenine after morphine administration significantly increased the expression of NRF2. In conclusion, our study revealed a critical role of NRF2 in morphine-induced autophagy and the feedback effect of autophagy on NRF2.
Quadruplet expanded DNA (QED) genetic code for eukaryotic cells**
Authors: Singh Rama Shankar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Human cells are eukaryotic cells carrying hereditary genes encoded by DNA that are translated into proteins required for maintaining healthy homeostatic conditions. Gene mutations yield dysfunctional proteins causing diseases such as rare monogenic diseases and multigenic cancers. No cure exists for rare diseases except for managing the symptoms and cancers with a goal of a 5-year life extension. The well-accepted triplet genetic code does not apply to eukaryotes. The alternative orthogonally expanded genetic code fails to synthesize proteins using canonical amino acids. Here the new quadruplet expanded DNA (QED) genetic coding for eukaryotic cells overcoming these limitations is presented. The QED codon comprised all four DNA bases (T, C, A, and G); the code is position-independent and symmetric, and adjacent bases forming complementarity pairs naturally do not promote polypeptide formation. The resulting 256 quadruplets fall into two groups: 20 nondegenerate, independent, unique codons encoding 20 canonical amino acids and 35 nondegenerate, independent, unique noncoding codons regulating and controlling, including transcription and splicing. The resulting new protein-coding and noncoding QED codon tables are generated. Finally, steps to correct dysfunctional proteins are described, anticipating a strategy for developing cures for rare diseases and multigenic cancers.

** PATENT PENDING
An Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Oblique Hope, Affectivity, Resiliency, and Empathy (O-HARE) Questionnaire
Authors: Wahl Kevin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to evaluate a 54-item experimental questionnaire called the Oblique Hope, Affectivity, Resiliency, and Empathy (O-HARE). The sample was N = 181 adults in the United States who have experienced mental health concerns during their lifetime. Individuals were randomly assigned to a control condition (n = 95) and experimental condition (n = 86). Three instruments were administered online, O-HARE, NEO Five-Factor Inventory, and the Personality Assessment Screener. There was no significant effect size between the two conditions (d = .212). Factor loading using a Promax principal component rotation with coefficient's suppressed (< 0.40) indicated the O-HARE had a significant KMO = 89.8, p = .001 on 12 factors. The EFA produced low factor loadings for 18 items, a reduction to 36 items on seven factors increased the KMO = 92.3, p = .001. The four O-HARE domains had significant t-scores with p values < .001. ANOVA demonstrated a strong relationship between the NEO-FFI-3, O-HARE, and PAS subscales. The t-scores were significant, with p values < .001 on all NEO-FFI-3 dimensions and PAS subscales.