bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING DENGAN METODE PROBING PROMPTING DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Hidda Intan Rambu , Sundaygara Chandra 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to (1) determine the difference in learning achievement between students who learn using discovery learning model with probing promting method and students who learn using discovery learning model; (2)) knowing the differences in student achievement for high and low motivation in the experimental class and the control class based on the learning model used; (3) to determine the interaction between discovery learning models and the probing prompting method with motivation on student achievement in SMP Negeri 6 Singosari in the 2019/2020 school year. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with a posttest only control design group. The population in this study were all students of class VII and the research sample consisted of 25 class VII A as the experimental class and 22 students of class VII C as the control class. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data were collected from the questionnaire on learning motivation and student achievement tests and then analyzed using the variant test (ANOVA).

The results showed that: (1) There is a difference in student achievement between students who learn using discovery learning models with probing prompting and students who learn using discovery learning models with a value of Fcount = 19.101 ≥ Ftable = 0.361 at a significant level of 0.000 <0.05 ( 2). The student's physics learning achievement value in the experimental class was higher than the control class. Therefore, the level of self-motivation is higher for the experimental class than the control class. (3) There is an influence of the interaction between discovery learning models with probing prompting and student learning motivation on student achievement with a value of Fcount = 1.013 ≥ Ftable = 0.361 at a significant level of 0.318 <0.05. The conclusion of this research is that physics learning using discovery learning model with probing prompting method has a positive effect on student learning motivation and student achievement, but the learning model and student learning motivation have a separate effect on student achievement.

Keywords: Discovery Learning, Probing Prompting, Learning Motivation, Achievement Study
An Insecure Base? Nerves, Violence and Step-Parents in Norwegian Children’s Literature
Authors: Skardhamar Anne-Kari 
Published: January 2022

Central issues represented in four recent Norwegian books for children are children's resistance to step-parents, children's attempts to cope with family violence, and inverted relationships where children take responsibility for mentally unstable parents. The literary texts I have chosen as examples are three novels: Ingeborg Arvola's Blod, snørr og tårer (2000) (Blood, Snot and Tears); Kristin A. Sandberg's Verdens ondeste stemor (2004) (The World's Worst Stepmother); Endre Lund Eriksen's Pitbull-Terje går amok (2002) (Pitbull Terrier Runs Amok); and Gro Dahle and Svein Nyhus's picture book Sinna mann (2003) (Angry Man) My aim in this article is to explore how problems and survival strategies of children in troubled families are described and developed in these texts, and what stylistic devices and narrative techniques are employed. My analysis of the representations of nerves, violence and step-parents in four children's books draws on arguments from theories about philosophy and literature in general, children's literature, narrative analysis and attachment theories in child psychology.
Flights of Fantasy? Or Space-Time Compression in Asian-Australian Picture Books
Authors: Lunt Trish 
Published: January 2022

Metaphors of hybridity and the like not only recognize difference within the subject, fracturing and complicating holistic notions of identity, but also address connections between subjects by recognizing affiliations, cross-pollinations, echoes and repetitions, thereby unseating difference from a position of absolute privilege...such metaphors allow us to conceive of multiple, interconnecting axes of affiliation and differentiation. (Felski 1997, p.12)
While the concepts of space and time affect people universally, they occupy a dominant position in childhood experience by virtue of their fluidity. For a growing body that is rapidly being redefined in space as clothes, furniture and developmental phases are outgrown at what seems to surrounding adults to be an exponential rate, but that often feels to the child waiting for the next long-off birthday to be agonisingly slow. thus, space and time are understood experientially in complex but often unexamined ways. This fluidity of space and time is likewise central to but also often uncritically recognised in the representational spaces of the picture books that children consume. in order to engage with the conceptual, semiotic and socio-political dimensions of the space-time continuum in picture books, this paper will assess two stories that negotiate physical and psychical depictions of migration. the analysis will proceed by looking at the ways in which hybridised space operates as a function of power and subjectivity central to the project of mediating narratives about Asian-Australian diasporic cultures. My analysis here relates only to textual representations of migrant experience, rather than judgements about identity politics per se; and suggests ways in which diasporic experiences are negotiated across space and time in picture books.
Productive Anxieties: Lostness in The Arrival and Requiem for a Beast
Authors: Hateley Erica 
Published: January 2022

The classic Australian children’s story Dot and the Kangaroo (1899) opens with a quintessential scene of lostness:
Little Dot had lost her way in the bush. She knew it, and was very frightened [...] she had pushed madly through the bushes, for hours, seeking her home. [...] The thought of being lost and alone in the wild bush at night took her breath away with fear, and made her tired little legs tremble under her.
(Pedley 1982, p. 1)
In part, Dot’s anxiety derives from her knowledge of children lost before her. She remembers the loss and death of a neighbour child whose mother ‘never saw that little boy again, although he had been found’ (Pedley, p. 2). The allusion to lostness as a state especially threatening to children informs Dot’s fear, so that Dot and the Kangaroo both draws on and extends what has been influentially described as a particularly ‘Australian anxiety’ (Pierce 1999). The same landscape which gave rise to mythologies of frontier-like hardship and survival posed real threats to anyone who might become lost in it. Accordingly, the capacity of the Australian environment to consume people infused the cultural productions of a relatively young and sparsely populated colonial society.
Inertia to Action: From Narrative Empathy to Political Agency in Young Adult Fiction
Authors: Morton Lindsay , Lounsbury Lynette 
Published: January 2022

‘Now tell me...’ Tobias says through a bursting breath, ‘what do you think learning strategy has to do with...bravery?’ The question reminds me that he is my instructor, and I am supposed to learn something from this. A cloud passes over the moon, and the light shifts across my hands.
‘It...it prepares you to act,’ I say finally. ‘You learn strategy so you can use it.’
(Roth 2011, pp. 143–4)
In this passage from Veronica Roth’s young adult (YA) novel Divergent (2011), protagonist Tris Prior is encouraged to make a connection between knowledge and action. More specifically, her instructor Tobias prompts Tris to articulate that strategy is necessary preparation for action. Implicit in this meta-teaching moment is an invitation for readers to embark with Tris on a journey that is exhilarating, but also instructive. Here Roth cues a generic feature of YA dystopian fiction: its function as a roadmap to agency. YA series such as Divergent (Roth 2011; 2012; 2013), The Hunger Games (Collins 2010a; 2010b; 2013), and The Maze Runner (Dashner 2010; 2011; 2013) all feature protagonists who move from inertia to action to engage with powerful enemies in a struggle for freedom and liberty. Given the genre’s overtly political concerns, this paper aims to consider what, if any, real-world empowerment might occur for readers who respond empathically to YA dystopian fiction. It explores how these texts might act as roadmaps to political agency and social activism, and asks whether—by mobilising readers’ affective responses—YA fiction might in fact immobilise young adults. In short, this paper examines whether there is there any evidence to suggest YA dystopian texts have the potential to empower a new generation of young adults to move from political inertia to action.
From the Personal to the Political, Religious, and a Vision of Socialism in Maurice Gee’s Orchard Street, a New Zealand Novel for Children
Authors: Van Rij Vivien 
Published: January 2022

This article considers Orchard Street, a novel for children by award-winning New Zealand author, Maurice Gee, and his use of history in depicting New Zealand during the 1951 conflict between the Waterside Workers, and the ship-owners and National government. The article focuses first on Gee’s childhood during the 1940s in Henderson, West Auckland, and on Newington Road where he and his family lived as a model for the creation of Orchard Street. It then looks at the integration of the 1951 conflict into this realistic setting, and Gee’s charging of the street with a political significance.
A self-proclaimed socialist, Gee is firmly on the side of the Wharfies, as is his protagonist, the thirteen-year old Ossie Dye who is on the brink of adulthood, and faced with difficult choices. While supporting his parents’ socialist ideals, and delivering illegal propaganda at night, Ossie imagines he is the solitary American cowboy, Zane Grey’s Lone Star Ranger (p. 13), and excludes the lonely Bike Pike from his gang of friends.
The article briefly examines Gee’s use of an older Ossie as the first person narrator who, looking back from 1991 to the 1951 conflict, forms a circular frame that modifies its depiction. Also considered is the influence of neo-liberalism and the social and political reforms of the 1980s-1990s on Gee’s writing. The article finally argues that the multi-layered timeframe and geometrical structure of the novel are evidence not only of the author’s preoccupation with division but, more predominantly, of his socialist ideology and search for wholeness and balance.
Experimental Investigation of Low-Frequency Distributed Acoustic Strain-Rate Responses to Propagating Fractures
Authors: Leggett Smith , Reid Teresa , Zhu Ding , Hill A. D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Low-frequency distributed acoustic strain-rate sensors (LF-DAS) experience strain changes due to far-field fracture propagation. To better understand the LF-DAS response to fracture propagation, we performed laboratory-scale hydraulic fracture experiments with embedded optical strain sensors. The objectives of this research are to generate hydraulic fractures of known geometry, measure the strain response along the embedded fiber optic cable comparable to LF-DAS measurements, and use the results to inform interpretation of field-derived LF-DAS data.
The experiments were conducted in unconfined transparent cubic blocks with a dimension of 8-inches on each side. The block was made of transparent epoxy in order to visualize the fracture propagation. Fiber optic sensing cables were embedded in the block with different distances to the source of injection. We injected dyed water through an injection tubing to generate a transverse, radial fracture along an initial flaw. An optical interrogator recorded the response of offset fiber Bragg grating strain sensors normal to the plane of the fracture. The strain data was visualized on a waterfall plot, akin to visualizations of field-derived LF-DAS data. Dimensional analysis was used to scale the lab results to field conditions. We compared the evolution of the strain response at the fiber optic cable, injection pressure, and rate with known fracture geometry. The measured strains were compared to Sneddon's (1946) linear elastic solution for a penny-shaped crack and found to follow this behavior.
The generated radial fractures in transparent media can be modeled with Sneddon's linear elastic radial fracture model and a mode I critical stress intensity factor. The LF-DAS characteristic response of a narrowing region of extension surrounded by compression was exhibited as a fracture approached and intersected the fiber optic cable. The experimentally derived strain and strain-rate waterfall plots with known fracture geometry, injection rate and pressure response provide insight in understanding LF-DAS responses in the field. Furthermore, we developed a method to estimate fracture geometry evolution from the fiber optic strain data and validated the method against the experimental data.
High-Resolution Acoustic Imaging and Multi-Axis Robotics: Three-Dimensional Downhole Obstruction Evaluation in Real Time
Authors: Littleford T. , Simpson G. , Halpenny M. 
Published: January 2022

Summary
A novel high-resolution acoustic imaging technology was developed for the identification of downhole obstructions, restrictions, and casing damage in real time. This system is the first downhole imaging platform that incorporates an articulated robotic head to capture a dimensionally accurate three-dimensional (3D) view of the area of interest with a 0.00016-in2 resolution. The imaging head can navigate a well with a positional precision of 0.0005-in; it provides a 3D reconstruction of the adjacent casing and any obstruction that may be of interest. These real-time images can be captured in any fluid, including brine, oil, water, drilling fluids, and bitumen. The device can replace conventional lead impression blocks and optical-based cameras, both of which have struggled to provide definitive results in challenging environments associated with hydraulically fractured wells. Multi-axis robotics allows navigation through the area of interest and provides the operator with a real-time assessment of casing condition or fish location; it removes any ambiguity associated with the size, location, and orientation of a well obstruction. The rendered 3D point-cloud of data is displayed in real time to field personnel on surface allowing for operators to start planning and executing remedial action with high certainty before the tool has come to surface. This paper outlines the novel technology background and a case study of field deployment. The tool was deployed in the field as a three-dimensional method to overcome inconsistent, low-resolution, and ambiguous results provided by legacy technologies still used in industry.
Importance of Preexisting Fractures to Completion and Production Efficiencies in the Marcellus Shale Energy and Environmental Lab MSEEL
Authors: Carr Timothy , Fathi Ebrahim , Bohn Rob , Adenan Mohammad Faiq , Li Liwei , Panetta Brian , Carney B. J. , Mitchell Natalie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Marcellus Shale Energy and Environmental Lab (MSEEL) provides a publicly available dataset and a hypothesis-driven field test of the significance of preexisting natural fractures at multiple scales on the effectiveness of the stimulation of an unconventional reservoir. Sonic and microresistivity imaging show the presence of numerous preexisting cemented fracture swarms, which are evaluated in terms of their influence on the fracture stimulation. Natural fracture intensity in the Boggess 5H and MIP-3H were interpreted based on wireline and logging while drilling (LWD) image logs showing that 1000's of calcite and bitumen cemented, but relatively weak, fractures are present along the laterals as swarms that are at an angle to the present-day stress regime. Fractures with complex bitumen and calcite filling were recognized in cores from pilot wells at the micro and macroscales (micron to millimeter). The importance of pre-existing fractures on geometric stimulations was evaluated and compared to cluster locations that avoided intense preexisting fractures using fiber-optic distributed acoustic and distributed temperature sensing (DAS/DTS) data and supported by production and simulation. Fiber-optic DTS and DAS measurements were coupled with wireline and LWD image logs from the lateral to recognize preexisting and cemented fractures. This data is supplemented with core analysis including (CT and thin sections) from vertical pilot wells shows that clusters in parts of a stage dominated by preexisting fractures have significantly more hydraulic fracture activity to the point that other clusters appear largely inactive. In addition, processed fiber-optic data indicates that preexisting fractures can form near-well bore leak-off pathways to previous stimulated stages. Both can lead to stimulation and subsequent production inefficiencies. Two wells (Boggess 1H and 3H) that attempted to avoid preexisting fractures showed a significant increase in fracture stimulated volume based on decline curve analysis and microseismic. Production history and simulated future production support the conclusion that avoiding preexisting fractures in the Marcellus Shale can increase estimate ultimate production. We present conclusions about stage and cluster spacing and the significance of preexisting natural fractures on stage isolation and fracture efficiency. The publically available data and workflow allow others to use, verify, and evaluate our findings using the same initial data.
Hydraulic Fracture Width Inversion Using Simultaneous Downhole Tiltmeter and Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data
Authors: Moradi Peyman , Angus Doug , Sharma Mukul 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A new geomechanical modeling approach is presented to estimate hydraulic fracture width based upon joint inversion of near-field and far-field slow deformation data measured, respectively, by Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and Downhole Tiltmeter Fracture Mapping (DTFM) systems. Each measurement provides a unique and different perspective of the fracture. By substantially reducing the non-uniqueness of possible interpretations, integrating simultaneous deformation measurements allows us to resolve the fracture opening with higher confidence and resolution. We provide a step-by-step modeling workflow, verify our approach using synthetic data, and quantify the uncertainty. To our knowledge, no prior studies have attempted to quantitatively integrate DTFM and low-frequency DAS to obtain estimates of fracture geometry. The resulting correlation between fracture opening and fiber strain can then be applied to other stages in the treatment well that fall outside the detectability range of DTFM and only have fiber data available.
Automated Hydraulic Fracturing Integrated with Predictive Machine Learning
Authors: Butler Erin , Pertuso Dryonis , Hua Gerald , Stark Price 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In unconventional wells, returns are driven in part by the reduction of variability in efficiency and performance. In 2021 the stimulation of two wells in the Bakken proceeded under the architecture of an automated frac control system communicating directly to Machine Learning predictive models at the headquarters of the well operator. This represents the first time an algorithmic frac was conducted via automation, adjusting stage designs, and pushing those stage designs to the field without human intervention.
This paper discusses a fully integrated and automated completion performed on the operator's four- well pad in the Bakken. It reviews the impact on completion performance, completion design, components of the system and execution. Throughout the completion, automated software interfaced with the frac control system executing the job. Additionally, data was uploaded live and fed to the Machine Learning predictive model. This allowed the model to learn from actual well data and suggest improvements. Improvements were captured, iterated on, and design updates were sent back to the control system for the next stage in the completion sequence. Human oversight was conducted but only as a check, during the entire process.
Both the automated frac control system and algorithmic design system were functionally separate but communicated live, allowing the operator to take advantage of their complete basin knowledge database without compromising data integrity and model confidentiality.
Additionally, sensors provided real-time data such as treating pressure, rate and proppant concentration, as well as downhole data such as cluster uniformity, fracture geometry, and offset well interactions.
The project was launched with several primary goals in mind:
First was to functionally test the automation of the frac fleet for the operator proving its ability to consistently place their designs. Second was to incorporate the prediction model algorithms into completion design and test how quickly and how much the Machine Learning models could actually learn from actual well stages.
Both of these primary goals were achieved, validating the ability to automatically execute completions and to tie design changes live to a control system elsewhere.
This represents the first time a hydraulic fracture was conducted via automation with algorithmic integrated design improvement, either independently or together. These capabilities can improve execution and performance where it is becoming increasingly difficult to deliver step changes in well performance with current manual crews and technology. Integrated automation provides an upgrade to completion performance by reducing variability in execution and well performance while also enabling tailored designs on scales previously unattainable.