bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long COVID-19 Liver Manifestation in Children
Authors: Cooper Shiri , Tobar Ana , Konen Osnat , Orenstein Naama , Kropach Gilad Nesia , Landau Yuval E. , Mozer-Glassberg Yael , Bar-Lev Michal Rozenfeld , Shaoul Ron , Shamir Raanan , Waisbourd-Zinman Orith 
Published: June 2022

Objectives:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the novel coronavirus responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations during acute disease have been reported extensively in the literature. Post-COVID-19 cholangiopathy has been increasingly reported in adults. In children, data are sparse. Our aim was to describe pediatric patients who recovered from COVID-19 and later presented with liver injury.

Methods:
This is a retrospective case series study of pediatric patients with post-COVID-19 liver manifestations. We collected data on demographics, medical history, clinical presentation, laboratory results, imaging, histology, treatment, and outcome.

Results:
We report 5 pediatric patients who recovered from COVID-19 and later presented with liver injury. Two types of clinical presentation were distinguishable. Two infants aged 3 and 5 months, previously healthy, presented with acute liver failure that rapidly progressed to liver transplantation. Their liver explant showed massive necrosis with cholangiolar proliferation and lymphocytic infiltrate. Three children, 2 aged 8 years and 1 aged 13 years, presented with hepatitis with cholestasis. Two children had a liver biopsy significant for lymphocytic portal and parenchyma inflammation, along with bile duct proliferations. All 3 were started on steroid treatment; liver enzymes improved, and they were weaned successfully from treatment. For all 5 patients, extensive etiology workup for infectious and metabolic etiologies was negative.

Conclusions:
We report 2 distinct patterns of potentially long COVID-19 liver manifestations in children with common clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics after a thorough workup excluded other known etiologies.
Association Between Cerebral Autoregulation and Long-Term Outcome in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Shen Yanxia , Zhou Yanxia , Xiong Juan , Xiao Kun , Zhang Pandeng , Liu Jia , Ren Lijie 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA) is known to be impaired in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but whether or not dynamic CA can predict long-term outcomes is unclear.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study included 103 patients with AIS between September 2017 and April 2019. We measured the middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity and blood pressure within 7 days of AIS onset using a transcranial Doppler and Finometer, respectively. We conducted transfer function analysis to calculate dynamic CA indices (phase and gain), with lower phase and higher gain parameters reflecting less efficient CA. We followed up all patients after 3 and 12 months. Patients with 12-month modified Rankin Scale scores of <2 and ≥2 were defined as having favorable and unfavorable outcomes, respectively. We then analyzed the predictors of unfavorable outcomes after 3 and 12 months using logistic regression.

Results:
The ipsilesional phase parameter was significantly lower in patients with unfavorable outcomes than in those with favorable outcomes. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the ipsilesional phase parameter and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score were nonmodifiable predictors of short-term and long-term outcomes. Moreover, in receiver operating characteristic analysis, the area under the curve of the ipsilesional phase parameter was 0.646 (95% confidence interval: 0.513-0.779, P=0.044). Notably, the optimal cut-off value was 20.33 degrees (sensitivity: 63%, specificity: 70%).

Conclusion:
Dynamic CA is an independent predictor of outcomes at 3 and 12 months in patients with AIS.
Comparison of Targeted and Routine Adolescent HIV Screening in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Gutman Colleen K. , Newton Naomi , Duda Elizabeth , Alevy Ryan , Palmer Katherine , Wetzel Martha , Figueroa Janet , Griffiths Mark , Koyama Atsuko , Middlebrooks Lauren , Camacho-Gonzalez Andres , Morris Claudia R. 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
The aims of the study were (1) to compare targeted and routine HIV screening in a pediatric emergency department (PED) and (2) to compare provider documented HIV risk assessment with adolescent perception of HIV risk assessment conducted during the PED visit.

Methods
This prospective study ran concurrent to a PED routine HIV screening pilot. Adolescents could be tested for HIV by the PED provider per usual care (targeted testing); if not tested, they were approached for the routine screening pilot. A subset of adolescents completed a questionnaire on HIV risk. χ2 analysis compared adolescents with targeted testing and routine screening. HIV-tested patients were asked if HIV risk was assessed; κ analysis compared this with documentation in the provider note.

Results
Over 4 months, 107 adolescents received targeted testing and 344 received routine screening. One 14-year-old patient tested positive by routine screening; this adolescent had 2 PED visits without targeted testing within 60 days. Compared with routine screening, adolescents with targeted testing were more likely female (82% vs 57%, P < 0.001), 16 years or older (71% vs 44%, P < 0.001), or had genitourinary/gynecologic concerns (48% vs 6%, P < 0.001). Adolescents with HIV risk factors were missed by targeted testing but received routine screening. Adolescents with documented HIV risk assessment were more likely to receive targeted testing. There was moderate agreement (κ = 0.61) between provider documentation and adolescent perception of HIV risk assessment.

Conclusions
There are gaps in PED HIV risk assessment and testing, which may miss opportunities to diagnose adolescent HIV. Routine HIV screening addresses these gaps and expands adolescent HIV testing in the PED.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Perceived Physical and Mental Health and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors of People with Disabilities: Quantitative Analysis of the International Community Survey
Authors: Tuakli-Wosornu Yetsa A , Wang Kangxin , Fourtassi Maryam , Stratton Catherine , Muñoz-Velasco Laura Paulina , Hajjioui Abderrazak , Cooper Rory , Balikuddembe Joseph K , Peterson Mark , Pandiyan Uma , Krassioukov Andrei , Tripathi Deo Rishi , Palomba Angela , Hong Bo-Young 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to determine the perceived impact of the coronavirus pandemic on physical and mental health and healthy lifestyle behaviors in community-dwelling persons with disabilities, as compared to those without disabilities.

Design
A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a web-based global survey.

Results
Over three months, 3550 responses were collected from 65 countries. The study included 2689 responses without skipped questions as full data for analysis. Most respondents were women (82.82%), about half (52.81%) were between the ages of 25 and 39, followed by those between the ages of 40 and 60 (38.6%). Among participants, 52% indicated physical activity levels decreased and 20% reported eating less fruit and vegetables than before. Further, 45% noted they slept less than before. Perceived physical and mental health and changes to eating habits during the pandemic showed a significant difference in people with and without disabilities. Furthermore, perceived effects on physical health had a significant effect on the reported degree of disability.

Conclusions
This study indicates that the pandemic had a larger impact on perceived physical and mental health and changes in eating habits and tobacco use among people with disabilities than people without disabilities.
The Effect of a Virtual Reality-mediated Gamified Rehabilitation Program on Upper Extremity Functions in Children with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Menekseoglu Ahmet Kivanc , Capan Nalan , Arman Sina , Aydin Ayse Resa 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
To investigate the effects of a virtual reality-mediated gamified rehabilitation program on upper extremity functions, skills, range of motion, muscle tone, and quality of life in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.

Design
This prospective, randomized and controlled study included 36 children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Children were randomized into two groups, the virtual reality group (n = 18) and the control group (n = 18). Stretching and range of motion exercises were performed on the affected upper extremity of the children in both groups. In addition to this exercise program, in the virtual reality group, virtual reality-mediated upper extremity rehabilitation was performed under supervision. The children were assessed at baseline and 1 and 3 months after the intervention.

Results
There was a significant increase in Assisting Hand Assessment, ABILHAND-Kids, Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test, and KINDL values in the virtual reality group. Additionally, there were significant increases in the active joint range of motion of the finger flexion, wrist flexion, pronation, and supination in the virtual reality group.

Conclusion
In this study, it was determined that upper extremity function, quality of life, and active joint range of motion of the children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy were increased with virtual reality-mediated upper extremity rehabilitation.
Nocardia rosealba sp. nov., a novel ligninase-producing Actinobacterium isolated from soil
Authors: Huang Zhenzhen , He Chuan , Wang Zishan , Luo Xianxian , Sun Xiujun , Zhao Junwei , Gao Xingyu , Xiang Wensheng , Song Jia , Wang Xiangjing 
Published: June 2022

A novel ligninase-producing actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-G4T, was isolated from a soil sample and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study to establish its status. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, the isolate was identified as a member of the genus

Nocardia

, with the highest sequence similarity to

Nocardia ignorata

DSM 44496T (99.2 %). The whole-cell sugars contained galactose and arabinose. The amino acid of the cell wall was determined to be meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C16 : 0, C18 : 1
ω9c, C18 : 0 and C16 : 1
ω7c. The predominant menaquinone was identified as MK-8(H6, ω-cycl). The major polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. Strain NEAU-G4T had a draft genome size of 6 405 167 bp, annotated with 5815 protein-coding genes. The DNA G+C content was 67.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences showed that strain NEAU-G4T formed a stable phyletic line with

N. ignorata

DSM 44496T. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between them were 63.7 % (60.8–66.5 %) and 95.5 %, respectively. Moreover, genomic analysis indicated that strain NEAU-G4T had the potential to degrade lignin and produce bioactive compounds. On the basis of genotypic analysis, physiological data, as well as phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterizations, it is concluded that the organism be classified as representing a novel species of the genus

Nocardia

, for which the name Nocardia rosealba sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-G4T (=CCTCC AA 2020038T=DSM 111936T).
Optical Modulation of Blood-Brain-Tumor Barrier Permeability Enhances Drug Delivery in Diverse Preclinical Glioblastoma Models
Authors: Cai Qi , Li Xiaoqing , Xiong Hejian , Fan Hanwen , Gao Xiaofei , Vemireddy Vamsidhara , Margolis Ryan , Li Junjie , Ge Xiaoqian , Giannotta Monica , Dejana Elisabetta , Hoyt Kenneth , Bachoo Robert , Qin Zhenpeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant tumor in the central nervous system. It has diverse phenotypes, including diffuse single-cell infiltration in which the tumor cells co-opt the normal microvasculature, and the neovascularization of an expanding tumor mass. The blood-brain-tumor barrier (BBTB) is a significant obstacle to GBM treatment and restricts entry of most FDA-approved effective oncology drugs. Herein, we report that picosecond laser excitation of vascular-targeted plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can non-invasively and reversibly modulate the BBTB permeability (optoBBTB). OptoBBTB enhances the delivery of paclitaxel (Taxol) in two genetically engineered glioma models (GEMM) that span the spectrum of GBM phenotypes. OptoBBTB followed by Taxol delivery effectively suppresses tumor growth and prolongs the survival time of both GEMM. Moreover, our results raise the possibility that paclitaxel, which is amongst the most widely used oncology drugs because of its proven efficacy but has been abandoned for GBM following its failure to efficacy in early phase clinical trials due to poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, could now be reconsidered in combination with strategies to increase BBB permeability. In summary, optoBBTB is a novel and effective approach to increase the delivery of therapeutics with limited BBB permeability to treat neoplastic and non-neoplastic brain diseases.
Defective synaptic plasticity in a model of Coffin-Lowry Syndrome is rescued by simultaneously targeting PKA and MAPK pathways
Authors: Liu Rong-Yu , Zhang Yili , Smolen Paul , Cleary Leonard J. , Byrne John H. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTEmpirical and computational methods were combined to examine whether individual or dual-drug treatments can restore the deficit in long-term synaptic facilitation (LTF) of the Aplysia sensorimotor synapse observed in a molecular model of Coffin-Lowry Syndrome (CLS). The model was produced by pharmacological inhibition of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) activity. Simultaneous treatment with an activator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) isoform ERK and an activator of protein kinase A (PKA) resulted in enhanced phosphorylation of RSK and LTF to a greater extent than either drug alone and greater than their additive effects. Indeed, the combined drugs exerted synergistic effects on both RSK activation and LTF, fully restoring RSK phosphorylation and LTF. The extent of synergism appeared to depend on another MAPK isoform, p38 MAPK. Inhibition of p38 MAPK facilitated serotonin (5-HT)-induced RSK phosphorylation, indicating that p38 MAPK inhibits activation of RSK. Inhibition of p38 MAPK combined with activation of PKA synergistically activated RSK.
Genotypic and allelic distribution of the ACE, ACTN3, and IL6 genes in athletes of Artistic Gymnastics and Swimming in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: David González Gerardo , William Correa , Jairo Ruiz Casas 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the study is to report the allelic and genotypic frequencies of ACTN3, ACE and IL6 genes in Colombian high performance athletes in the sports of artistic gymnastics and swimming, to observe if there is any relationship between athlete status, sport and the polymorphisms found. The study included twenty-one gymnasts and twenty-one swimmers. The ACE and IL6 genes were genotyped by PCR and polyacrylamide electrophoresis, the ACTN3 gene was genotyped by PCR-RFLP. In the ACE gene, a greater number of genotypes with the D allele was observed in both sports, for the ACTN3 gene a predominance of the RX genotype was observed in both gymnastics and swimming, in the IL6 gene the most predominant characteristic is the total absence of the CC genotype. For the ACE gene, the highest allelic frequency is that of the D allele in both sports, the IL6 gene shows a high presence of the G allele, for the ACTN3 gene, in gymnastics the highest frequency of carriers is observed in the R allele and for the sport of swimming the majority is carrying the X allele. Significant differences were observed when comparing the genotypic and allelic frequencies between the population of gymnasts and swimmers only in the ACTN3 gene, the ACE gene and IL6 did not present significant differences between the populations. In conclusion, the genotypes presented by the athletes correspond to the types of efforts of their sport, gymnastics with predominance in strength and power and swimming with an orientation towards both phenotypes, showing a pleiotropic effect of the ACE and ACTN3 genes.
Pre-assembled Cas9 ribonucleoprotein-mediated gene deletion identifies the carbon catabolite repressor and its target genes in Coprinopsis cinerea
Authors: Pareek Manish , Hegedüs Botond , Hou Zhihao , Csernetics Árpád , Wu Hongli , Virágh Máté , Sahu Neha , Liu Xiao-Bin , Nagy László G. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryCre1 is an important transcription factor that regulates carbon catabolite repression (CCR) and is widely conserved across fungi. This gene has been extensively studied in several Ascomycota species, whereas its role in gene expression regulation in the Basidiomycota remains poorly understood. Here, we identified and investigated the role of cre1 in Coprinopsis cinerea, a basidiomycete model mushroom that can efficiently degrade lignocellulosic plant wastes. We used a rapid and efficient gene deletion approach based on PCR-amplified split-marker DNA cassettes together with in-vitro assembled Cas9-guide RNA ribonucleoproteins (Cas9-RNPs) to generate C. cinerea cre1 gene deletion strains. Gene expression profiling of two independent C. cinerea cre1 mutants showed significant deregulation of carbohydrate metabolism, plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs), plasma membrane transporter-related and several transcription factor encoding genes, among others. Our results support the notion that, similarly to reports in the ascomycetes, Cre1 of C. cinerea orchestrates CCR through a combined regulation of diverse genes, including PCWDEs, transcription factors that positively regulate PCWDEs and membrane transporters which could import simple sugars that can induce the expression of PWCDEs. Somewhat paradoxically, though in accordance with other Agaricomycetes, genes related to lignin degradation were mostly downregulated in cre1 mutants, indicating they fall under different regulation than other PCWDEs. The gene deletion approach and the data presented in this paper expand our knowledge of CCR in the Basidiomycota and provide functional hypotheses on genes related to plant biomass degradation.ImportanceMushroom-forming fungi include some of the most efficient degraders of lignocellulosic plant biomass. They degrade dead plant materials by a battery of lignin-, cellulose-, hemicellulose- and pectin-degrading enzymes, the encoding genes of which are under tight transcriptional control. One of the highest-level regulation of these metabolic enzymes is known as carbon catabolite repression, which is orchestrates by the transcription factor Cre1, and ensures that costly lignocellulose-degrading enzyme genes are expressed only when simple carbon sources (e.g. glucose) are not available. Here, we identified the Cre1 ortholog in a litter-decomposer Agaricomycete, Coprinopsis cinerea, knocked it out and characterized transcriptional changes in the mutants. We identified several dozen lignocellulolytic enzyme genes as well as membrane transporters and other transcription factors as putative target genes. These results extend knowledge on carbon catabolite repression to litter decomposer Basidiomycota.
No Semantic Information is Necessary to Evoke General Neural Signatures of Face Familiarity - Evidence from Cross-Experiment Classification
Authors: Dalski Alexia , Kovács Gyula , Ambrus Géza Gergely 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent theories on the neural correlates of face identification stressed the importance of the available identity-specific semantic and affective information. However, whether such information is essential for the emergence of neural signal of familiarity has not yet been studied in detail.Here, we explored the shared representation of face familiarity between perceptually and personally familiarized identities. We applied a cross-experiment multivariate pattern classification analysis (MVPA), to test if EEG patterns for passive viewing of personally familiar and unfamiliar faces are useful in decoding familiarity in a matching task where familiarity was attained thorough a short perceptual task. Importantly, no additional semantic, contextual, or affective information was provided for the familiarized identities during perceptual familiarization. Although the two datasets originate from different sets of participants who were engaged in two different tasks, familiarity was still decodable in the sorted, same identity matching trials.This finding indicates that the visual processing of the faces of personally familiar and purely perceptually familiarized identities involve similar mechanisms, leading to cross-classifiable neural patterns.
Cortical activity during naturalistic music listening reflects short-range predictions based on long-term experience
Authors: Kern Pius , Heilbron Micha , de Lange Floris P. , Spaak Eelke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExpectations shape our experience of music. However, the internal model upon which listeners form melodic expectations is still debated. Do expectations stem from Gestalt-like principles or statistical learning? If the latter, does long-term experience play an important role, or are short-term regularities sufficient? And finally, what length of context informs contextual expectations? To answer these questions, we presented human listeners with diverse naturalistic compositions from Western classical music, while recording neural activity using MEG. We quantified note-level melodic surprise and uncertainty using various computational models of music, including a state-of-the-art transformer neural network. A time-resolved regression analysis revealed that neural activity over fronto-temporal areas tracked melodic surprise particularly around 200 ms and 300–500 ms after note onset. This neural surprise response was dissociated from sensory-acoustic and adaptation effects. Neural surprise was best predicted by computational models that incorporated long-term statistical learning – rather than by simple, Gestalt-like principles. Yet, intriguingly, the surprise reflected primarily short-range musical contexts of less than ten notes. We present a full replication of our novel MEG results in an openly available EEG dataset. Together, these results elucidate the internal model that shapes melodic predictions during naturalistic music listening.
Genomic instability in patients with sex determination defects and germ cell cancer
Authors: Krivega Maria , Zimmer Jutta , Slezko Anna , Frank-Herrmann Petra , Rehnitz Julia , Hohenfellner Markus , Bettendorf Markus , Luzarowski Marcin , Strowitzki Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ability to transmit genetic information through generations depends on preservation of genome integrity. Genetic abnormalities affect cell differentiation, causing tissue specification defects and cancer. We addressed genomic instability in individuals with Differences of Sex Development (DSD), characterized by gonadal dysgenesis, infertility, high susceptibility for different types of cancer, especially Germ Cell Tumors (GCT), and in men with testicular GCTs. Whole proteome analysis of leukocytes, supported by specific gene expression assessment, and dysgenic gonads characterization, uncovered DNA damage phenotypes with altered innate immune response and autophagy. Further examination of DNA damage response revealed a reliance on deltaTP53, which was compromised by mutations in the transactivation domain in DSD-patients with GCT. Accordingly, drug-induced rescue of DNA damage was achieved by autophagy inhibition but not by stabilization of TP53 in DSD-patients’ blood in vitro. This study elucidates possibilities for prophylactic treatments of DSD patients as well as new diagnostic approaches of GCT.TeaserDNA damage phenotypes accompany aneuploidy of sex chromosomes and link to infertility and high propensity to germ cell tumor development.