bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the future with humans and AI
Authors: Mellers Barbara A. , Lu Louise , McCoy John P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe review the classic clinical versus statistical prediction debate as well as related modern work on humans versus. algorithms. Despite the successes of statistical prediction over clinical prediction, there is still widespread resistance to algorithms. We discuss recent attempts to understand that resistance. Current research focuses on when people use algorithmic predictions, how people perceive algorithms, and how algorithms can be made more appealing. We also examine attempts to boost human forecasting accuracy, either by spotting talent, cultivating talent via training, or developing algorithms that aggregate individual forecasts. We hypothesize that hybrid models with both human and algorithmic predictions may encounter less resistance than algorithms alone, especially when the algorithm is “humanized” (with anthropomorphic features) and the human is “algorithmized” (by reducing noise, decreasing bias and increasing signal).
Single‐cell microliter‐droplet screening system (MISS Cell): An integrated platform for automated high‐throughput microbial monoclonal cultivation and picking
Authors: Jian Xingjin , Guo Xiaojie , Cai Zhengshuo , Wei Longfeng , Wang Liyan , Xing Xin–hui , Zhang Chong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSolid plates have been used for microbial monoclonal isolation, cultivation, and colony picking since 1881. However, the process is labor‐ and resource‐intensive for high‐throughput requirements. Currently, several instruments have been integrated for automated and high‐throughput picking, but complicated and expensive. To address these issues, we report a novel integrated platform, the single‐cell microliter‐droplet screening system (MISS Cell), for automated, high‐throughput microbial monoclonal colony cultivation and picking. We verified the monoclonality of droplet cultures in the MISS Cell and characterized culture performance. Compared with solid plates, the MISS Cell generated a larger number of monoclonal colonies with higher initial growth rates using fewer resources. Finally, we established a workflow for automated high‐throughput screening of Corynebacterium glutamicum using the MISS Cell and identified high glutamate‐producing strains. The MISS Cell can serve as a universal platform to efficiently produce monoclonal colonies in high‐throughput applications, overcoming the limitations of solid plates to promote rapid development in biotechnology.
LncRNA SPRY4‐IT1 facilitates cell proliferation and angiogenesis of glioma via the miR‐101‐3p/EZH2/VEGFA signaling axis
Authors: Wang Ji , Chen Yanming , Wang Qing , Xu Hui , Jiang Qianqian , Wang Man , Li Shenggang , Chen Ying , Wu Chunwang , Yu Pei , Xiao Zongyu , Chen Wenjin , Lan Qing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
SPRY4‐IT1 (SPRY4 intronic transcript 1) is a long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) that has been identified as a novel oncogene in various cancers, including glioma. However, its function and underlying mechanism in glioma remain largely unclear. Here, we investigated the role of SPRY4‐IT1 in the development of glioma and its underlying mechanism.MethodsBioinformatics analysis and RT‐qPCR assay were used to examine the expression of SPRY4‐IT1 in glioma tissues. The CCK‐8, EdU, and Xenograft tumor assays wereperformed to assess the proliferation effect of glioma cells. The tube forming assay and Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay were conducted to detect the angiogenesis effect of HUVECs. RNA‐sequencing, western blotting, RT‐qPCR, ELISA, and IHC assays were employed to verify the regulatory mechanism of the SPRY4‐IT1/ miR‐101‐3p/EZH2/VEGFA axis.ResultsAnalysis of the TCGA dataset and data from our own cohort demonstrated that SPRY4‐IT1 was overexpressed in patients with glioma, and high SPRY4‐IT1 expression correlated with poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that SPRY4‐IT1 promoted the proliferation of glioma cells. RNA sequencing and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated significant enrichment of angiogenesis. HUVEC tube forming assay and CAM assay confirmed that SPRY4‐IT1 could induce angiogenesis of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SPRY4‐IT1 upregulated EZH2 expression by sponging miR‐101‐3p to induce VEGFA expression in glioma cells. Moreover, SPRY4‐IT1 activated the VEGFR2/AKT/ERK1/2 pathway in HUVECs mediated by glioma cells. Rescue experiments further confirmed that SPRY4‐IT1 promoted glioma cell proliferation and angiogenesis via the miR‐101‐3p/EZH2/VEGFA signaling axis.ConclusionsOur findings provide compelling evidence showing that SPRY4‐IT1 upregulated EZH2 to induce VEGFA by sponging miR‐101‐3p, thereby achieving cell proliferation and angiogenesis in glioma. Therefore, targeting SPRY4‐IT1/miR‐101‐3p/EZH2/VEGFA axis may improve the outcomes of patients with glioma.
Readmission with infective endocarditis within 90 days following transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Ogami Takuya , Kliner Dustin E. , Toma Catalin , Serna‐Gallegos Derek , Wang Yisi , Brown James A. , Yousef Sarah , Sultan Ibrahim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) continues to be the most common modality of treating aortic stenosis in the United States. While infective endocarditis (IE) and its outcomes have been well documented after surgical aortic valve replacement, the incidence and outcomes of early IE after TAVI have not been well described.MethodsAll patients who underwent TAVI from 2012 through 2018 were identified using the National Readmission Database. Among them, patients who underwent TAVI at the index admission and readmitted within 90 days were included. Patients who died or had IE during the index admission were excluded. Clinical outcomes were compared between patients readmitted with IE (IE group) and those without (non‐IE group).ResultsA total of 168,283 patients were readmitted to a hospital within 90 days after TAVI. The median age of the IE group and non‐IE group were 81 and 82 years old, respectively (p = 0.21). Of those, 525 (0.3%) were readmitted with IE. The median time from TAVI to readmission was 20 days. During readmissions, 11.6% of the IE group died while only 3.15% of the non‐IE group experienced death (p < 0.001). The most common causative organism of IE was enterococcus (22.1%). Multivariable analysis revealed that congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, dialysis, concomitant valve disease, Medicaid, and discharge to a facility were independently associated with readmission with IE within 90 days.ConclusionThe incidence of readmission with IE is low after TAVI. However, the mortality was markedly high during readmissions. Surgical intervention was rarely performed for IE during the first admission. Enterococcus was the most common organism observed in IE after TAVI.DisclosureIS receives institutional research support from Abbott, Atricure, cryolife, and Medtronic. None related to this manuscript.Clinical Trial RegistrationNot applicable.
Spectroscopic Investigation of Carbon Dioxide Interactions with Transition Metal‐Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Alalwan Hayder A. , Alminshid Alaa , Mohammed Malik M. , Mohammed Mohammed Fakhir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe interactions of carbon dioxide (CO2) with metal oxides are a significant subject due to the numerous applications in which this reaction is involved. Although this reaction has been extensively studied by various infrared (IR) techniques, only a few (if any) have utilized in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). DRIFTS has an essential advantage over other traditional IR techniques in that it involves minimal sample preparation before analysis. In this work, CO2 adsorption on CoO, CuO, and α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticle surfaces was investigated by using DRIFTS. While the majority of species on CoO and CuO surfaces were observed as carbonate, on α‐Fe2O3 bicarbonate was more prevalent.
Engineering Sandwiched Nanochannel Aptasensor for Efficiently Screening Cancer Cells
Authors: Lv Rui , Wang Xing , Mao Zhiqiang , Bai Yurong , Hao Junxing , Zhang Fan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer cells are a class of important tumor biomarkers and are closely related to tumorous progression. It is urgent to develop a sensitive and highly efficient method for the rapid and accurate detection of cancer cells. Herein, an aptamer sandwiched nanochannel electrochemical sensor was established for the highly selective determination of cancer cells. By virtue of the porous nanochannels as the filter platform and immobilized with DNA aptamers for specifically capturing the cancer cells, the nanochannel‐based electrochemical sensor denotes excellent performance for MCF‐7 screening, and allowing a low limit of detection of 36 cells mL−1. The nanochannels‐based sandwich structure aptasensor not only presents an efficacious and reliable approach for cancer cell detection but also provides great advantage for preventing electrode passivation in the process of biomarkers analysis.
Excited‐State Dynamics in Borylated Arylisoquinoline Complexes in Solution and in cellulo
Authors: Yang Tingxiang , Valavalkar Abha , Romero‐Arenas Antonio , Dasgupta Anindita , Then Patrick , Chettri Avinash , Eggeling Christian , Ros Abel , Pischel Uwe , Dietzek‐Ivanšić Benjamin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo four‐coordinate organoboron N,C‐chelate complexes with different functional terminals on the PEG chains are studied with respect to their photophysical properties within human MCF‐7 cells. Their excited‐state properties are characterized by time‐resolved pump‐probe spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime microscopy. The excited‐state relaxation dynamics of the two complexes are similar when studied in DMSO. Aggregation of the complexes with the carboxylate terminal group is observed in water. When studying the light‐driven excited‐state dynamics of both complexes in cellulo, i. e., after being taken up into human MCF‐7 cells, both complexes show different features depending on the nature of the anchoring PEG chains. The lifetime of a characteristic intramolecular charge‐transfer state is significantly shorter when studied in cellulo (360±170 ps) as compared to in DMSO (∼960 ps) at 600 nm for the complexes with an amino group. However, the kinetics of the complexes with the carboxylate group are in line with those recorded in DMSO. On the other hand, the lifetimes of the fluorescent state are almost identical for both complexes in cellulo. These findings underline the importance to evaluate the excited‐state properties of fluorophores in a complex biological environment in order to fully account for intra‐ and intermolecular effects governing the light‐induced processes in functional dyes.
Enhanced Solvent and Thermal Stability in Cross‐Linkable Conjugated Statistical Copolymers for Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Zhu Shuyin , Peng Juan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe ability to enhance both the solvent and thermal stability of semiconducting π‐conjugated polymers is highly desired for various device‐related applications. Herein, a series of poly(3‐hexylthiophene)‐stat‐poly[3‐(6‐hydroxy)hexylthiophene] (P3HT‐stat‐P3HHT) statistical copolymers with thermally cross‐linkable hydroxyl groups is synthesized and their crystalline structures in three different states, solvent and thermal stability for use in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) are elucidated. Importantly, these initial P3HT‐stat‐P3HHT thin films in their as‐cast state crystallize well in an edge‐on orientation. During annealing at 150 °C, these P3HT‐stat‐P3HHT occur cross‐linked and retain edge‐on orientation with increased crystallinity and ordering. In contrast, after high‐temperature annealing at 300 °C, their edge‐on orientation is significantly destroyed due to the cross‐linking of hydroxyl groups at melted state. The correlation between different P3HT‐stat‐P3HHT and their charge mobilities is scrutinized. These cross‐linked P3HT‐stat‐P3HHT exhibit good solvent resistance property and improved thermal stability in OFETs. Conceptually, such side‐chain functionalization approach to improve the stability of P3HT‐stat‐P3HHT can be conveniently extended to other conjugated polymers for diverse optoelectronic applications.
Intermolecular Covalent Interactions: Nature and Directionality
Authors: de Azevedo Santos Lucas , Ramalho Teodorico C. , Hamlin Trevor A. , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQuantum chemical methods were employed to analyze the nature and the origin of the directionality of pnictogen (PnB), chalcogen (ChB), and halogen bonds (XB) in archetypal FmZ⋅⋅⋅F− complexes (Z=Pn, Ch, X), using relativistic density functional theory (DFT) at ZORA‐M06/QZ4P. Quantitative Kohn‐Sham MO and energy decomposition analyses (EDA) show that all these intermolecular interactions have in common that covalence, that is, HOMO−LUMO interactions, provide a crucial contribution to the bond energy, besides electrostatic attraction. Strikingly, all these bonds are directional (i.e., F−Z⋅⋅⋅F− is approximately linear) despite, and not because of, the electrostatic interactions which, in fact, favor bending. This constitutes a breakdown of the σ‐hole model. It was shown how the σ‐hole model fails by neglecting both, the essential physics behind the electrostatic interaction and that behind the directionality of electron‐rich intermolecular interactions. Our findings are general and extend to the neutral, weaker ClI⋅⋅⋅NH3, HClTe⋅⋅⋅NH3, and H2ClSb⋅⋅⋅NH3 complexes.
Determining approximate solution of partial differential equations using radial basis function model trained with parallel symbiotic organisms search algorithm
Authors: Panda Arnapurna 
Published: December 2022

SummaryPartial differential equations (PDEs) find extensive applications in geophysics (weather and climate modeling), astrophysics, and quantum mechanics. Solving PDEs by the conventional methods at times becomes difficult due to the complexity involved in these real‐world problems. Thus instead of an exact solution determining an approximate solution is also helpful for solving the problems. Here a model based on radial basis function (RBF) trained with parallel symbiotic organism search (PSOS) optimization is proposed to find out an approximate solution. The PSOS is a nature‐inspired optimization algorithm that ensures better accuracy due to the potential exploration of agents in the search space. Simultaneously, the computational complexity of this algorithm is low due to inbuilt parallelism. Simulation studies are reported for five real applications of PDEs: 2D modified Helmholtz equation, Poisson problem with Dirichlet boundary condition, elliptic PDE equation, and two convection‐diffusion equations. Comparison is carried out with the same RBF model parameters trained with parallel social spider optimization, original symbiotic organisms search algorithm, real coded genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization. The proposed model achieves minimum root mean square errors in most of the cases and achieves it with lower run time compared to the existing algorithms.
Tuning Magnetic and Photophysical Properties of Luminomagnetic Metal‐Organic Framework Composites in an Inverse Core‐Satellite Structure
Authors: Seuffert Marcel T. , Granath Tim , Kasper Thomas , Maile Ruben , Pujales‐Paradela Rosa , Prieschl Johannes , Wintzheimer Susanne , Mandel Karl , Müller‐Buschbaum Klaus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLuminomagnetic composites have been synthesized that allow for an individual tuning of luminescence intensity, chromaticity and magnetization by combination of superparamagnetic, citrate‐stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles with the luminescent MOFs 3∞[Ln2(BDC)3(H2O)4] (Ln=Eu, Tb; BDC2−=terephthalate). The components are arranged to a concept of inverse structuring compared to previous luminomagnetic composites with MOF@magnetic particle (shell@core) composition so that the luminescent MOF now acts as core and is covered by magnetic nanoparticles forming the satellite shell. Thereby, the magnetic and photophysical properties are individually tuneable between high emission intensity (1.2 ⋅ 106 cps mg−1) plus low saturation magnetization (6 emu g−1) and the direct opposite (0.09 ⋅ 106 cps mg−1; 42 emu g−1) by adjusting the particle coverage of the MOF. This is not achievable with a core‐shell structure having a magnetic core and a dense MOF shell. The composition of the composites and the influence of different synthesis conditions on their properties were investigated by SEM/EDX, PXRD, magnetization measurements and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
Diversifying and perennializing plants in agroecosystems alters retention of newCandNfrom crop residues
Authors: McDaniel Marshall D. , Bird Jeffrey A. , Pett‐Ridge Jennifer , Marin‐Spiotta Erika , Schmidt Tom M. , Grandy A. Stuart 
Published: December 2022

AbstractManaging soils to retain new plant inputs is key to moving toward a sustainable and regenerative agriculture. Management practices, like diversifying and perennializing agroecosystems, may affect the decomposer organisms that regulate how new residue is converted to persistent soil organic matter. Here we tested whether 12 years of diversifying/perennializing plants in agroecosystems through extended rotations or grassland restoration would decrease losses of new plant residue inputs and, thus, increase retention of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in soil. We tracked dual‐labeled (13C and15N), isotopically enriched wheat (Triticum aestivum) residue in situ for 2 years as it decomposed in three agroecosystems: maize–soybean (CS) rotation, maize–soybean–wheat plus red clover and cereal rye cover crops (CSW2), and spring fallow management with regeneration of natural grassland species (seven to 10 species; SF). We measured losses of wheat residue (Cwheatand Nwheat) in leached soil solution and greenhouse gas fluxes, as well as how much was recovered in microbial biomass and bulk soil at 5‐cm increments down to 20 cm. CSW2 and SF both had unique, significant effects on residue decomposition and retention dynamics that were clear only when using nuanced metrics that able to tease apart subtle differences. For example, SF retained a greater portion of Cwheatin 0–5 cm surface soils (155%,p = 0.035) and narrowed the Cwheatto Nwheatratio (p < 0.030) compared to CS. CSW2 increased an index of carbon‐retention efficiency, Cwheatretained in the mesocosm divided by total measured, from 0.18 to 0.27 (49%,p = 0.001), compared to CS. Overall, we found that diversifying and extending the duration of living plants in agroecosystems can lead to greater retention of new residue inputs in subtle ways that require further investigation to fully understand.
Dispersal capacity underlies scale‐dependent changes in species richness patterns under human disturbance
Authors: Piano Elena , Bonte Dries , De Meester Luc , Hendrickx Frederik 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChanges in the species richness of (meta‐)communities emerge from changes in the relative species abundance distribution (SAD), the total density of individuals, and the amount of spatial aggregation of individuals from the same species. Yet, how human disturbance affects these underlying diversity components at different spatial scales and how this interacts with important species traits, like dispersal capacity, remain poorly understood. Using data of carabid beetle communities along a highly replicated urbanization gradient, we reveal that species richness in urban sites was reduced due to a decline in individual density as well as changes in the SAD at both small and large spatial scales. Changes in these components of species richness were linked to differential responses of groups of species that differ in dispersal capacity. The individual density effect on species richness was due to a drastic 90% reduction of low‐dispersal individuals in more urban sites. Conversely, the decrease in species richness due to changes in the SAD at large (i.e., loss of species from the regional pool) and small (i.e., decreased evenness) spatial scales were driven by species with intermediate and high dispersal ability, respectively. These patterns coincide with the expected responses of these dispersal‐type assemblages toward human disturbance, namely, (i) loss of low‐dispersal species by local extinction processes, (ii) loss of higher‐dispersal species from the regional species pool due to decreased habitat diversity, and (iii) dominance of a few highly dispersive species resulting in a decreased evenness. Our results demonstrate that dispersal capacity plays an essential role in determining scale‐dependent changes in species richness patterns. Incorporating this information improves our mechanistic insight into how environmental change affects species diversity at different spatial scales, allowing us to better forecast how human disturbance will drive local and regional changes in biodiversity patterns.
Synthesis of Dielectric Nanospheres with Moderate‐Refractive‐Index and Applications in Photon Manipulating
Authors: Wu Yue , Sun Ruikang , Zhang Shufen , Wu Suli 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe nanostructures for photon manipulating (NSPMs) have attracted widespread attention owing to their ability to directionally control light propagations. The related research has also been developed from basic theoretical studies to various practical applications. Taking dielectric nanospheres with moderate‐refractive‐index as the building blocks is becoming a new trend to construct the NSPMs, because of their low processing cost and negligible light energy losses. In this review, we will summarize the synthetic methods towards dielectric nanospheres with moderate‐refractive‐index and their light manipulating mechanism. Another specific focus of this review is devoted to the practical applications of the NSPMs composed of dielectric nanospheres with moderate‐refractive‐index, such as coloring, sensors, regulating luminescence, and surface enhanced Raman scattering. Finally, the challenges and outlook of the dielectric nanospheres with moderate‐refractive‐index in synthesis and applications will be considered.
Continuous‐Flow Photocatalysis for the Direct C‐H Trifluoromethylation of Heterocycles with an Organic Photoredox Catalyst
Authors: Yang Jianwen , Kawale Sanket A. , Yang Xiaobo , Kim Dong‐Pyo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhotocatalysis for direct C−H trifluoromethylation represents an ideal way to synthesize trifluoromethyl‐containing chemical compounds, but the conventional batch processes are inefficient with limited light penetration and indispensably irradiated for a long while. Herein, we report a continuous‐flow protocol for photocatalytic direct C−H trifluoromethylation of heterocycles in the presence of an organic photoredox catalyst: 2,4,6‐tris(diphenylamino)‐3,5‐difluorobenzonitrile (3DPA2FBN). In this approach, benefiting from the merger of organic photoredox catalysis and continuous‐flow techniques, a variety of trifluoromethylated heterocycles were rapidly synthesized up to 85 % yield with 80 min residence time under metal‐ and oxidant‐free reaction conditions.