bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some Properties of Membership Functions Composed of Triangle Functions and Piecewise Linear Functions
Authors: Mitsuishi Takashi 
Published: January 2022

Summary. IF-THEN rules in fuzzy inference is composed of multiple fuzzy sets (membership functions). IF-THEN rules can therefore be considered as a pair of membership functions [7]. The evaluation function of fuzzy control is composite function with fuzzy approximate reasoning and is functional on the set of membership functions. We obtained continuity of the evaluation function and compactness of the set of membership functions [12]. Therefore, we proved the existence of pair of membership functions, which maximizes (minimizes) evaluation function and is considered IF-THEN rules, in the set of membership functions by using extreme value theorem. The set of membership functions (fuzzy sets) is defined in this article to verifier our proofs before by Mizar [9], [10], [4]. Membership functions composed of triangle function, piecewise linear function and Gaussian function used in practice are formalized using existing functions.
On the other hand, not only curve membership functions mentioned above but also membership functions composed of straight lines (piecewise linear function) like triangular and trapezoidal functions are formalized. Moreover, different from the definition in [3] formalizations of triangular and trapezoidal function composed of two straight lines, minimum function and maximum functions are proposed. We prove, using the Mizar [2], [1] formalism, some properties of membership functions such as continuity and periodicity [13], [8].
Land-use change and quality of life in residential neighbourhoods: Evidence from Tehran, Iran
Authors: Forouhar Navid , Forouhar Amir , Hasankhani Mahnoosh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Land-use planning generally aims to manage the development of urban areas to address the needs of the communities. In this regard, the multiple and often competing environmental, economic and social conflicts complicate the process of land-use planning. Commercial development in residential neighbourhoods is a common type of land-use conflict that can dramatically exacerbate these potential conflicts. Over the recent decades, many affluent neighbourhoods of Tehran Metropolis (the capital of Iran) have been confronted with an unbridled development of commercial activities within the residential areas. This paper seeks to understand the process of land-use change and its impacts on the residents’ quality of life in an affluent neighbourhood of Tehran Metropolis (Gisha Neighbourhood) by adopting a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of impact assessment including semi-structured interview, purposeful field survey, and traffic survey. The results yield that incompatible land-use policies of the Tehran Comprehensive Plan and structural defects in the land-use change regulations led to an unbridled process of commercialisation which intensified non-local activities with city/regional service coverage along the main streets of Gisha Neighbourhood. The analysis demonstrates that despite improving the accessibility of residents to urban facilities and reducing their travel time/cost, the process of land-use changes in Gisha Neighbourhood declined the residents’ quality of life by its considerable negative effects on socio-cultural structures, landuse patterns, traffic flow, and human health in the residential areas of the neighbourhood.
Moral wrongs, indigeneity and the enactment of farmer-herder conflicts violence in South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo Cletus Famous , Okafor Uchenna Paulinus 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Existing studies of the farmer-herder conflicts (FHCs) in Nigeria have not explored the political ecology of the conflict in South-Eastern Nigeria (SEN). Using the political ecology framework (PEF), the paper examines the nature of the FHCs in Nimbo and Awgu areas in SEN. Data were collected through field observations and in-depth interviews. The paper shows that resource scarcity or reduced farming and grazing spaces did not engender violent FHCs in the study area. Instead, actions of the actors that are perceived to be morally wrong are critical. Allegations of moral transgression such as rape, kidnapping by herders and claims that a herder was used as a sacrifice by villagers triggered the violent episode. The pastoralists are discriminated against on the ground of indigenous belonging only after being alleged to have morally transgressed by kidnapping and raping women. However, on the ground that a herder was allegedly used as a sacrifice, they felt also wronged. While the herders are discriminated against based on their non-belonging in the community because they are not indigenous, they have mount resistance by emphasising their citizenship rights and using force to maintain access to grazing spaces, thereby amplifying the farmer-herder tensions. Thus, while identity has contributed to the FHCs violence, moral wrongs enacted and amplified it. The paper contributes to the literature by arguing that while what triggers FHCs may be moral wrongs, moral transgressions can heighten identity constructions that get implicated in practices of exclusion.
Landslides in Central Asia: a review of papers published in 2000–2020 with a particular focus on the importance of GIS and remote sensing techniques
Authors: Khasanov Sayidjakhon , Juliev Mukhiddin , Uzbekov Umidkhon , Aslanov Ilhomjon , Agzamova Inobat , Normatova Nasiba , Islamov Sohib , Goziev Giyosiddin , Khodjaeva Sevarakhon , Holov Nabijon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Landslides are among the major environmental hazards with large-scale socio-economic and environmental impacts that jeopardize socio-economic wellbeing in mountainous regions. Landslides are due to the interaction of several complex factors such as local or regional geology, geomorphology, topography, and seismic motions. The goal of this study is to review published articles on causes and effects of landslides in Central Asia throughout 2000–2020. In line with this goal, we have collected (using Scopus database), reviewed, and analyzed 79 papers published during 2000–2020. Our results revealed an increasing number of landslide studies in Central Asia during the period under investigation, with authors from Belgium dominating in the published outcomes (28% of total), followed by authors from Central-Asian countries. After then, the paper analyses the mostly applied models and frequently identified driving conditions and triggers of landsliding, such as aspect, altitude, soil types, precipitation, earthquakes and human interventions. Geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) had not commonly been used in the papers between 2000 and 2010, and they have progressively been applied in landslide studies in Central Asia in the last decade. According to our analysis, geotechnical, geophysical and statistical methods were preferably used for the landslide studies in Central Asia.
Earning like a Prof: Academic rank wage premia in Ústí nad Labem, Czechia
Authors: Šťastný Daniel , Janáček Julius 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article attempts to estimate the size of the wage premia fetched by ranked academics on the academic market in Ústí nad Labem, Czechia. We employed a large (anonymized) data set of contracts and wages of employees of a medium-sized regional public university in Ústí nad Labem. We used OLS regression in various specifications to determine the wage premia of all educational levels (mainly full professors over associate professors/ docents and associate professors/docents over assistant professors/PhDs) while controlling for many attributes (of employees or contracts) possibly affecting wage levels. The local context regarding the topic of this article is discussed as well. The results generally confirm the intuition and show a clear pattern of increasing wages with levels and ranks. Focusing predominantly on the academic ranks, the monthly premium of associate professors (docents) over PhDs seems to be somewhere between 5 and 6 thousand CZK (185 and 220 EUR), and the premium of full professors over associate professors to an average of around 4 thousand CZK (150 EUR). The latter premium, however, exhibits systematic variation across different schools within the university: in some it is insignificant (around 0), while in others it is rather large and averages around 8 thousand CZK (300 EUR).
Predicting the impact of future climate change on streamflow in the Ugam River watershed
Authors: Uzbekov Umidkhon , Pulatov Bakhtiyor , Alikhanov Bokhir , Pulatov Alim 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Climate change affects the environment and human life across the planet and it is expected that the negative consequences will be large, especially in developing countries, such as Uzbekistan. The objective of this study was to predict the impact of future climate change on the streamflow of Ugam watershed (Chirchik River Basin (CRB)) using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The outputs of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), in combination with Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, were used as future climate records for the period 2019−2048. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated for the streamflow from Ugam watershed through using the observed daily flow data from 2007 to 2011. The calibrated SWAT model was used to simulate the impact of future climate change on streamflow in the Ugam River for 2019−2048. The results show that the stream discharge is expected to decrease by approximately 42% within thirty years, with a 1.4 °C increase in temperature and 286 mm decrease in precipitation. The peak point for the future period is 40.32 m3 /s in 2037 whereas the lowest discharge, predicted for 2048, accounts for 22.54 m3 /s. Our study enables to understand the impact of climate change on water resources in the Ugam river and to increase the adaptive capacity of water users and managers in the region.
The landfill from nickel production in Danubian Lowland and its environmental implications
Authors: Boltižiar Martin , Michaeli Eva , Solár Vladimír 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The main objective of the paper is to point out to the origin of the waste from the production of nickel at the landfill in Sereď and its physical and chemical properties that affect the environmental conditions of the site. The landfill of metallurgical technological waste in Sereď is the second largest landfill for non-ferrous metallurgy in Slovakia (Central Europe). It is located in the northern part of the Danubian Lowland, southwest of the industrial zone of town Sereď. We divided the research into two phases. The preparatory phase consisted in obtaining all available archival materials for the years 1956−1993, so from of the construction of the plant to the end of production. The production was lasting from 1963 to 1993. The second phase concerned field research and was associated with sludge sampling for laboratory analysis. The results of the analysis identified the physical and chemical properties of the sludge as well as the possibilities of its use in some sectors of the economy. The production process in the nickel smelter was stopped in 1993 due to economic (annual state production subsidy was CZK 250 million) and ecological reasons. The landfill at the city’s industrial zone has remained to this day, but it was sold to a private company in 1994, thus relieving of the state’s liability for environmental damage.
Consumer engagement in value co-creation within virtual video game communities
Authors: Afi Fouad El , Ouiddad Smail 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the emergence of the gaming industry as the most empowering form of entertainment, video game online communities have become a refuge for many users who are looking to fulfil specific needs, leading them to participate in creating their own experiences. Drawing upon the uses and gratifications theory, this research aims to understand the motivations behind consumer engagement in value co-creation within digital game distribution services (exp. Steam), and how it affects loyalty. To the extent of the author’s knowledge, little research has addressed this question within the gaming industry. We conducted an online survey administered to video game platforms users, through which 195 valid answers were collected. Findings suggest that hedonic along with personal and social motivations have positive influence on user’s engagement to co-create value, which in return increases their loyalty behavior.
Three-dimensional seismic analysis of concrete gravity dams considering foundation flexibility
Authors: Messaad Mokhtar , Bourezane Messoud , Latrache Mohamed , Berrabah Amina Tahar , Ouzendja Djamel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Concrete dams are considered as complex construction systems that play a major role in the context of both economic and strategic utilities. Taking into account reservoir and foundation presence in modeling the dam-reservoir-foundation interaction phenomenon leads to a more realistic evaluation of the total system behavior. The article discusses the dynamic behavior of dam-reservoir-foundation system under seismic loading using Ansys finite element code. Oued Fodda concrete dam, situated at Chlef, in North-West of Algeria, was chosen as a case study. Parametric study was also performed for different ratios between foundation Young's modulus and dam Young's modulus E
f
/E
d
(which varies from 0.5 to 4). Added mass approach was used to model the fluid reservoir. The obtained results indicate that when dam Young's modulus and foundation Young's modulus are equal, the foundation soil leads to less displacements in the dam body and decreases the principal stresses as well as shear stresses.
Analisis Kebijakan Pemberlakuan Jam Malam Dalam Penanganan COVID-19 di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Aminah Aminah , Muliawati Muliawati 
Published: January 2022

Dunia dihebohkan dengan adanya COVID-19, berbagai negara telah menetapkan berbagai peraturan untuk menekan dan mengurangi penyebaran virus tersebut. Tidak terkecuali Indonesia, bahkan Aceh, dalam hal ini Walikota Banda Aceh telah menetapkan aturan untuk membatasi gerak masyarakat dengan pemberlakuan jam malam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan kebijakan pemberlakuan jam malam dalam penanganan COVID-19 di Kota Banda Aceh. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu berasal dari informan penelitian, situs web resmi, dan jurnal ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa kebijakan penerapan jam malam dalam penanggulangan wabah COVID-19 di Kota Banda Aceh sudah berjalan efektif. Keterlibatan pihak Aparatur Gampong sangat membantu program pemerintah dalam menanggulangi COVID-19, dikarenakan pihak Aparatur Gampong lebih memahami situasi dan kondisi masyarakat di lingkungannya. Selain itu, keterlibatan TNI/ Polri dan Satpol PP dan juga WH sangat membantu demi terciptanya ketertiban serta keamanan selama penerapan kebijakan pemberlakuan jam malam berlangsung. Pembatasan jam malam ini bertujuan untuk menekan angka positif COVID-19 di Kota Banda Aceh. The world is shocked by the presence of COVID-19, various countries have set various regulations to suppress and reduce the spread of the virus. Indonesia is no exception, even Aceh, in this case, the Mayor of Banda Aceh has set rules to limit the movement of people by imposing a curfew. This study aims to determine the implementation of a curfew policy in handling COVID-19 in Banda Aceh City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data sources used are research informants, official websites, and scientific journals. The results of the study explain that the policy of implementing a curfew in dealing with the COVID-19 outbreak in Banda Aceh City has been effective. The involvement of the Gampong Apparatus is very helpful for government programs in tackling COVID-19 because the Gampong Apparatus understands the situation and conditions of the people in their environment better. In addition, the involvement of the TNI/Polri and the Satpol PP as well as the WH are very helpful for the creation of order and security during the implementation of the curfew policy. The curfew restrictions are aimed at suppressing the positive number of COVID-19 in Banda Aceh City.
Jaring Pengaman Sosial: Analisis Anggaran Penanganan COVID-19 di Aceh
Authors: Hajad Vellayati , Ikhsan Ikhsan , Marefanda Nodi 
Published: January 2022

This study discusses the budget for handling COVID-19 in Aceh Province with a Social Safety Net approach. Through this Social Safety Network approach, the Aceh Government has allocated a budget for handling COVID-19 is intended to be given to acehnese people who are directly affected from COVID-19. While the purpose of this study is to find out the extent of the success of the budget for handling COVID-19 is realized to the public to rise from the crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is an exploratory descriptive qualitative method research to explain and dig up information about the budget for handling COVID-19 by answering various types of questions and problems that occur and are identified and analyzed based on the results of readings and interpretation data related to the research theme. The results showed that the budget for handling COVID-19 in Aceh Province in the Social Safety Net sector was already running and the affected Acehnese people had received social assistance provided by the Aceh Government. However, there needs to be supervision from the people of Aceh in order for transparency in the management of the COVID-19 budget. In addition, in anticipation that the practice of corruption in handling the COVID-19 budget in the Aceh Government environment can be prevented.
Analisis Kebutuhan Parkir pada Dinas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Jaya Fery Hendi , Permana Ari 
Published: January 2022

Transportasi merupakan bagian integral dari banyak kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi, sehingga pelayanan transportasi dengan kualitas dan kapasitas yang cukup dapat diandalkan. Salah satu pelayanan transportasi adalah layanan parkir. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untukmemberikan rekomendasi arah kebijakan bagi pengambil keputusan atas dasar hasil studi dengan sasaran pengaturan ruang parkir yang ada di Dinas PSDA Provinsi Lampung agar lebih efisien dan maksimal dalam penempatan kendaraan, serta untuk menganalisis kapasitas dan kebutuhan (Demand) ruang parkir di Dinas PSDA Provinsi Lampung. Ruang parkir yang berada di Dinas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air (PSDA) Provinsi Lampung terletak di bagian depan gedung utama dan bagian samping Dinas PSDA Provinsi Lampung yang diperuntukan untuk pegawai. Kapasitas ruang parkir yang tersedia yaitu seluas 750 m2 untuk kendaraan mobil dan 120 m2 untuk kendaraan motor. Dari perhitungan data exisiting dan optimasi dengan mengambil sampel tiga hari yaitu pada tanggal 5 April 2021, 7 April 2021 dan 9 April 2021 diperoleh tingkat pergantian parkir harian (parking turn over) dimana hasil perhitungan optimasi lebih baik dari kondisi existing. Perhitungan Indeks Parkir (IP), untuk kendaraan mobil pada kondisi optimasi memiliki hasil persentase yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kondisi existing pada Satuan Ruang Parkir (SRP) sudut kemiringan 90°. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada pihak terkait agar menggunakan sistem parkir dengan SRP 90° sehingga ruang parkir yang ada bisa digunakan secara optimal.
Application of Quasi Subordination Associated with Generalized Sakaguchi Type Functions
Authors: Shehab Nihad Hameed , Juma Abdul Rahman S. 
Published: January 2022

In this article, a new class of analytic functions which is defined by terms of a quasi-subordination is introduced. The coefficient estimates, including the classical inequality of functions belonging to this class, are then derived. Also, several special improving results for the associated classes involving the subordination are presented.
Cytomorphological spectrum of metastatic bone tumors: Experience at a tertiary care center
Authors: Gupta Shruti , Banerjee Nirmalya , Gupta Parikshaa , Rohilla Manish , Gupta Nalini , Srinivasan Radhika , Rajwanshi Arvind , Dey Pranab 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:
Bone is a frequent site of metastases and typically indicates a short-term prognosis in cancer patients. The majority of skeletal metastases are due to breast and prostate cancer. Bone metastasis is actually much more common than primary bone cancers, especially in adults. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) provides reasonably accurate pre-operative diagnosis in vast majority of cases. This study aims to elicit the cytomorphological detail of various metastatic bone tumors.

Material and Methods:
A total of 109 cases of tumors metastatic to bone have been included in this study. The details of the cases were available from the archives of the department of cytology. May Grunwald Giemsa and hematoxylin and eosin stained smears were studied and examined for the cytomorphological spectrum. Cell block and immunohistochemistry tests were done, wherever feasible.

Results:
Among 109 patients, the mean age was 54.52 years. There was male preponderance with 90 males and 19 females. The most common site of metastases was in the vertebra (82 cases), and 76 cases were in the dorsolumbar region. The most common type of tumor metastasizing was adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion:
FNAC is a very useful, economical procedure. There are characteristic cytological features of the metastatic lesions and the basic diagnostic categorization of the malignant tumors is possible on FNAC. Regarding the primary source clinical history, radiological features of the primary tumor, if any, and immunocytochemistry may be needed.
Kointegrasi dan Kausalitas Bitcoin terhadap Nilai Tukar Rupiah: Pandangan Islam
Authors: Jumiarti Dewi , Hayet Hayet 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kointegrasi, kausalitas berikut pengaruh antara Bitcoin dan nilai tukar Rupiah. Metode penelitian uji regresi linier sederhana dengan metode ARCH- GARCH, Kointegrasi Johansen, dan Kausalitas Engel Granger. Data Bitcoin dan nilai tukar menggunakan data mingguan selama enam tahun (2013-2019). Penelitian ini mendapatkan Bitcoin tidak memiliki kointegrasi jangka panjang dengan nilai tukar Rupiah. Hubungan kausalitas berbentuk pola satu arah yang terjadi pada Bitcoin terhadap nilai tukar Rupiah. Bitcoin memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap nilai tukar Rupiah. Transaksi Bitcoin tidak memenuhi salah satu rukun maupun syarat dalam al-sharf sehingga tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan syariat Islam serta transaksi tidak dapat dibatalkan walaupun terjadi pending order. Bitcoin lebih beresiko pada maysir, batil, dan gharar.
DINAMIKA KONFLIK BERSENJATA SUNNI – SYIAH LEBANON UTARA (2011-2015)
Authors: Eka Cipta Samudra 
Published: January 2022

Konflik Sunni-Syiah di Lebanon, bukanlah konflik pertama kali. Konflik Sunni-Syiah di Lebanon disebabkan oleh permasalahan politik. Penduduk di Bab El Tabbaneh dan Jabal Mohsen telah menjadi perang saudara sejak Perang Saudara Lebanon pada tahun 1975, dan sering terlibat dalam kekerasan. Adanya kecemberuan dari kalangan Syiah terhadap komunitas Sunni menjadi sebab utama konflik yang terjadi di Lebanon. Komunitas Sunni dianggap mendapatkan status posisi tertinggi kedua yakni sebagai Perdana Menteri setelah komuniitas Kristen di struktur perpolitikan Lebanon. Namun, seiring dengan perkembangan, konflik yang terjadi di Lebanon memuncak selama kurun 2011-2014 setelah adanya efek domino dari Suriah, ketika wilayah tersebut dilanda krisis. Pemerintahan Assad yang menganut Syiah sedangkan para kelompok pemberontak yang menganut Sunni juga memiliki pengaruh bahkan hingga di Lebanon. Konflik sipil bersenjata di Bab El Tabbaneh dan Jabal Mohsen (sebuah perkampungan) di wilayah Tripoli berawal ketika sekelompok masyarakat menyatakan sikap dukungan terhadap para pemberontak Suriah, sehingga menimbulkan reaksi dari komunitas Syiah Alawite hingga akhirnya terjadinya konflik. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dan analisis deskriptif yang menggambarkan perkembangan konflik Sektarian yang terjadi di Lebanon.