bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Video Animasi Berbasis Kontekstual Pada Pelajaran IPA Kelas V di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wariaka Nancy , Walalayo Y 
Published: February 2022

Tujuan Penelitian: Media pembelajaran sangat erat kaitannya dengan proses pembelajaran. Dalam pemilihan media pembelajaran guru harus menyesuaikan dengan tingkat perkembangan peserta didik. Media video animasi dapat membantu peserta didik memahami konsep pembelajaran IPA. Video dapat menjelaskan kondisi abstrak menjadi nyata dalam proses pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian dan pengembangan ini diwujudkan dalam bentuk media pembelajaran video animasi berbasis kontekstual pada simpang lima IPA kelas V di sekolah dasar yang praktis dan menarik.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan dengan Model menggunakan model pengembangan DDD-E. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prosedur pengembangan, daya tarik, dan kepraktisan video animasi berbasis kontekstual pada pembelajaran IPA kelas V di sekolah dasar. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa dan guru kelas V SD Negeri 2 Kairatu. hasil penelitian dan pengembangan ini diperoleh melalui validasi media, validasi materi, dan respon peserta didik dan guru dengan menggunakan angket pengembangan video animasi berbasis kontekstual pada pembelajaran IPA kelas V di sekolah dasar.
Temuan Utama: Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah video animasi berbasis konteks pada pembelajaran IPA kelas V SD yang valid, praktis, dan menarik. Hasil validasi dari validator media diperoleh skor rata-rata 4,1 dengan kategori “sangat valid”. validator materi memperoleh skor rata-rata 4,6 dengan kategori “sangat valid”. Setelah memenuhi syarat uji coba diperoleh skor rata-rata 4,65 pada kategori “sangat menarik” untuk uji coba kelompok kecil dan uji coba kepada guru memperoleh skor 4,6 pada kategori “sangat praktis”.
Keterbaruan Penelitian: Video animasi berbasis konteks pada pembelajaran IPA kelas V SD ini praktis saat digunakan oleh guru dan menarik bagi siswa, hal ini diperoleh dari hasil angket respon guru dan siswa.
Improvement of development and promotion of the product of cultural tourism of the Khmelnytskiy region on the international market
Authors: Gladkey Alexander 
Published: February 2022

This paper deals with investigation of cultural tourism potential of Khmelnitsky region of Ukraine. The main methods and directions of Khmelnytskiy region&apos;s cultural tourism product design and promotion are explored. The creation of consortium of cultural heritage tourism stakeholders that promote visitation, prolonged stays, and present a unified voice for Khmelnitsky region to foster quality stewardship of local cultural heritage assets is substantiated. The ways for conducting partnership and collaboration inside Khmelnitsky region tourism development field are proposed. The creation of 4 sections strategy of Khmelnytskiy region&apos;s cultural tourism development is grounded. There are: 1. Popularization of tourist and recreational potential of Khmelnitsky region and creation of modern positive tourist image; 2. Development and improvement of tourist and recreational infrastructure of the region; 3. Improving the competitiveness of tourist products of the region; 4. Development of marketing and advertising and information activities of the tourism industry in Khmelnitsky region. The evaluation of cultural tourism product design and promotion in Khmelnytskiy region effectiveness is calculated. The specific tour route (Kyiv - Starokostiantyniv - Samchyky – Medzhibizh – Kyiv) for Khmelnytskiy region&apos;s cultural tourism promotion with preliminary calculation of tourism product cost is proposed. The forecasting of cultural tourism product further designing &amp; promotion in Khmelnytskiy region as a whole and using specific separate tours (social connectivity, local gastronomy, pilgrimage tourism etc.) is substantiated. After our investigation through global tourism trends, we decided to point out some of separate local tours. “Stay like a local” is a key trend among travelers seeking cultural authenticity as they look to have a more real local experience by sharing accommodation with locals. Social connectivity is an emerging trend among cultural tourists as travelers show more concern towards social issues and are aware of the positive impact they can have. Exploring local gastronomy enables travelers to hone their culinary skills and experience different aspects of their destination’s everyday life. With pilgrimage tourism undergoing continuous transformations in recent years, pilgrimages or religious tourism is considered a subset of cultural tourism and pay a key role in Khmelnytskiy region. The competition of Khmelnytskiy region&apos;s cultural tourism on the world tourist market is investigated. There are the main factors of Khmelnytskiy region competition growing in tourism field: the emergence of an increasing number of countries that choose tourism and resorts of Khmelnytskiy region as a priority area of economic development; fierce competition at the level of corporate strategies (including cases of rapid price reduction - dumping); achieving natural maxima of some forms and types of tourism offered by Khmelnytskiy region.
Predictability of Central Corneal Stromal Reduction After SMILE and FS-LASIK for High Myopia Correction: A Prospective Randomized Contralateral Eye Study
Authors: Luo Yiqi , He Shengyu , Chen Pei , Yao Huan , He Anqi , Li Yan , Qiu Jin , Lan Min , Zhuang Jing , Yu Keming 
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE:
To compare small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser–assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) in terms of the predictability of central stromal thickness reduction in eyes with high myopia.

METHODS:
In this prospective, randomized contralateral eye trial, 42 patients received SMILE in one eye and FS-LASIK (using the Amaris 750S excimer laser [SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions]) in the fellow eye for the correction of high myopia (manifest refraction spherical equivalent: < −6.00 diopters). Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was used to measure the central corneal and epithelial thickness. Pre-operative and postoperative values were compared to determine the amount of central stromal reduction achieved.

RESULTS:

At the 6-month follow-up visit, the amount of central stromal reduction was overestimated by 20.05 ± 5.92 µm in the SMILE group (
P
< .0001) and underestimated by 8.21 ± 8.14 µm in the FS-LASIK group (
P
< .0001). The mean actual central stromal reduction achieved with SMILE was significantly less than that achieved with FS-LASIK (10.10 ± 18.01 µm, range: 1.90 to 18.29 µm,
P
< .001). The discrepancy between the planned and achieved central corneal stromal reduction was not associated with refractive overcorrection or undercorrection in either the SMILE group or the FS-LASIK group (
P
= .9743 vs
P
= .0777).

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients with high myopia, the laser software platform may underestimate and overestimate the amount of actual corneal reduction in eyes treated with FS-LASIK and SMILE, respectively. SMILE required less corneal stroma compared to FS-LASIK in the studied cohort using the Amaris 750S excimer laser when correcting a similar spherical equivalent refraction.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(2):90–97.]
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of men in a South African rural community in relation to exclusive breastfeeding
Authors: Mabele Oscar M. , Benedict Matthew O.A. , Steinberg Wilhelm J. , Reji Elizabeth , Van Rooyen Cornel , Adefuye Anthonio O. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Several lifelong maternal, child and societal health benefits have been associated with exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). However, despite all the potential advantages, EBF rates have been consistently low in developing countries, including South Africa. It has been suggested that the knowledge, attitudes and practices of male partners in relation to EBF are amongst the important factors that contribute to the success of EBF practices. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of men in Botshabelo, Free State province, South Africa, regarding EBF.Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional analytical study that utilised a structured questionnaire administered to 200 adult men attending the outpatient department of a district hospital, in the Free State province, South Africa.Results: The majority (n = 83; 41.5%) of participants had poor knowledge of EBF but reported positive attitudes (n = 153, 76.5%) and good practices (n = 151, 75.5%) towards EBF, respectively. Age, levels of education, employment status, marital status and whether the participant accompanied his partner to the antenatal clinic were associated with adequate knowledge, positive attitudes and good practices in relation to EBF (p 0.05).Conclusion: The study revealed a suboptimal level of knowledge on EBF in men in Botshabelo. Most men had positive attitudes and reported good practices in relation to EBF. Our findings highlight the need for targeted community-based intervention programmes directed to educating and promoting positive social and cultural change in relation to EBF amongst men in Botshabelo.
A Comparison between the Effects of Propofol and Sevoflurane in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery on the Quality and Depth of Anesthesia
Authors: Abdeldayem Ola T. , Elsherbiny Sameh M. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Strabismus surgery may be associated with several undesirable complications as increased incidence of the oculocardiac reflex (OCR), hemodynamic changes, emergency agitation (EA), postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting. Previous studies suggested that deeper anesthesia monitored by bispectral index (BIS) protects against OCR. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the type of anesthesia on the quality of anesthesia in pediatric patients.

Patients and Methods:
One hundred American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classes I and II pediatric patients, aged between 3 and 6 years old of both genders, who were subjected to strabismus surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized into two equal groups (each = 50); in the first group, anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane (Group S), and in the second group, anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol (Group P). Hemodynamics and BIS were monitored, and OCR and the need for atropine were recorded. Furthermore, EA using the Cravero scale was recorded.

Results:
The propofol group showed a higher incidence of OCR while the sevoflurane group had a higher incidence of postoperative agitation, pain, nausea, and vomiting, without statistically significant differences regarding hemodynamics.

Conclusion:
Although sevoflurane anesthesia may be superior to propofol in ameliorating OCR, it has been associated with an increased incidence of postoperative complications.
Effect of Relaxation Therapy on Pre-Induction Blood Pressure and Anxiety in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Tanna Dhara B. , Bose Neeta , Patel Tejas K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Anxiety associated with surgical stress can lead to high blood pressure (BP), which may end up with undue last minute cancellation of surgery. Relaxation therapy is now being widely used as a complementary therapy for stress and high BP. We conducted a randomized controlled study to compare the effect of relaxation therapy on pre-induction anxiety and BP in hypertensive patients.

Materials and Methods:
A randomized controlled study was conducted on hypertensive patients undergoing elective surgery. They were allocated into two groups (relaxation therapy and control) using simple randomization with allocation concealment. The relaxation therapy group received intervention by an audio clip an evening prior and 30 min before the scheduled surgery. Their anxiety score on numerical rating scale (0–10) and BP was recorded before and after each intervention. The control group received standard care only. Pre-induction BP and anxiety score were recorded in both groups. The outcome measures were difference in pre-induction anxiety and BP between relaxation and control groups and difference in pre- and post-relaxation anxiety and BP.

Results:
Out of 70 patients, 30 received relaxation therapy and 34 received standard pre-operative care. There was a significant reduction in BP and anxiety after relaxation therapy in the intervention group (P < 0.0001). The relaxation therapy group showed significantly lower pre-induction systolic BP (138.93 vs. 156.59, P < 0.0001) and anxiety score (2.5 vs. 5.5, P < 0.0001) than the control group. Requirement of anxiolytic drug was less in the relaxation therapy group.

Conclusion:
Relaxation therapy significantly reduces pre-induction BP and anxiety.
A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Oral Midazolam and Oral Triclofos Sodium for Conscious Sedation in Pediatric Group of Patients
Authors: Ghosh Partha Sarathi , Tudu Lal Chand , Shrivastava Priyanka , Prakash Jay , Prasad Anupa , Priye Shio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Behavioral management and carrying out surgical procedures for very young, uncooperative, anxious children can be challenging. It is usually encountered in children below the age of 6 years due to the following contributing factors such as immature reasoning, anxiety, fear, and inadequate coping skills. The goal of the study was to compare the efficacy of oral midazolam and oral triclofos sodium for conscious sedation in pediatric group of patients before elective surgeries.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective, single- blinded, randomized controlled, comparative study was conducted in 60 patients aged 2–8 years who were scheduled for elective surgery. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: M and T of 30 children each, where group M received 0.5 mg//kg midazolam and group T received 75 mg/kg triclofos sodium, orally, 60 min prior to anesthetic induction. The hemodynamics, acceptability of drugs, depth of sedation, and anxiety during separation from parents were assessed. Fisher's exact test, chi-square test, and Student's t test were applied to find significance.

Results:
The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, and oxygen saturation at baseline to 60 min in groups M and T showed no significant difference between groups. Triclofos sodium has better acceptability over oral midazolam, whereas oral midazolam has better sedative properties over oral triclofos sodium.

Conclusion:
Oral midazolam was found to be more effective premedication and may be preferred over triclofos sodium due to the rapid and better sedative effect as well as good anxiolysis properties.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Resident Physician Clinical and Educational Work Hours at a Large Sponsoring Institution
Authors: Lund Sarah , Hinduja Pranav , Doherty Julie , Rose Steven , Stulak John , Rivera Mariela 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic affected graduate medical education (GME) by decreasing elective procedures and disrupting didactic learning activities in 2020. Editorials have hypothesized that resident physicians worked fewer hours, therefore losing valuable experience, but we are not aware of studies that have objectively assessed changes in hours worked.

Objective
This study aims to identify differences secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic in resident work hours across all specialties at 3 geographically dispersed, integrated academic hospitals in a large sponsoring institution.

Methods
We obtained de-identified work hour data from all residency programs at Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Florida, and Minnesota. Resident work hours were compared between 2020 and 2019 from March to May.

Results
Work hours for 1149 and 1118 residents during the pandemic and control periods respectively were compared. Decreases in resident work hours were seen, with the largest decrease demonstrated in April 2020 when 19 of 43 programs demonstrated significantly decreased work hours. Residents worked more hours from home in April 2020 compared to the previous year (Arizona: mean 1 hour in 2019 vs 5.2 hours in 2020, P&lt;.001; Florida: mean 0.7 hour in 2019 vs 6.5 hours in 2020, P&lt;.001; Minnesota: mean 0.8 hour in 2019 vs 10.2 hours in 2020, P&lt;.001).

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a decrease in work hours in some, but not all, specialties. The decrease in on-site work was only partially offset by an increased number of hours worked from home.
Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Geographic Residency Placement Relative to Medical School Location
Authors: Cotner Cody E. , Mercadante Sophia F. , Shea Judy A. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The 2020–2021 residency application cycle was altered to reduce COVID-19 transmission, with moves to all virtual interviews and no away rotations for medical students. These changes may have affected how students ranked residency programs, such as choosing programs near their medical schools.

Objective
To determine if a larger percentage of medical students matched to residency programs in the same state as their medical schools in 2021 vs 2018–2020.

Methods
We searched the webpages or emailed student affairs deans of the 155 Liaison Committee on Medical Education accredited MD programs to attain medical school match lists. Differences in the percentage of students matching to residency programs in the same US state as their medical schools in 2021 vs 2018–2020 were compared using chi-square tests.

Results
We recorded 36 021 of 79 406 (45%) National Resident Matching Program, 759 of 1720 (44%) ophthalmology, and 586 urology MD residency matches between 2018 and 2021. The percentage of students matching to residency programs in the same state as their medical schools was 35.9% in 2021 versus 34.3% in 2018–2020 (P=.005). Students were more likely to match to programs in the same state as their medical schools in 2021 if they attended a public medical school (40.3% vs 38.5%, P=.009) or applied into specialties where ≥50% of students traditionally perform away rotations (32.2% vs 30.2%, P=.031).

Conclusions
There was a small difference in the percentage of medical students matching to residency programs in the same state as their medical schools in 2021 vs 2018–2020.
Pediatric Residents' Experiences With High-Value Care at an Academic Children's Hospital
Authors: Seltz L. Barry , Nathaniel Emma , Ball Alexis , Jimenez Sheilah , Tchou Michael 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education mandates residents incorporate cost considerations into patient care. However, resident experiences with high-value care (HVC) in the clinical setting have not been well described.

Objective
To explore pediatric residents' experiences with HVC and its facilitators and barriers.

Methods
We performed a qualitative study with a grounded theory epistemology of pediatric residents recruited by email at a large academic children's hospital. We conducted focus groups (n=3) and interviews (n=7) between February and September 2020 using a semi-structured guide. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Codes were built using an iterative approach and organized into thematic categories. Sampling continued until saturation was reached.

Results
Twenty-two residents participated. Residents' value-based health care decisions occurred in a complex learning environment. Due to limited experience, residents feared missing diagnoses, which contributed to perceived overtesting. Resident autonomy, with valuable experiential learning, supported and hindered HVC. Informal teaching occurred through patient care discussions; however, cost information was lacking. Practice of HVC varied by clinical setting with greater challenges on high acuity and subspecialty services. For children with medical complexity, identifying family concerns and goals of care improved value. Family experience/demands influenced resident health care decisions, contributing to high- and low-value care. Effective collaboration among health care team members was crucial; residents often felt pressured following perceived low-value recommendations from consultants.

Conclusions
Resident HVC learning and practice is influenced by multiple factors in a complex clinical learning environment.
Impact of GST in Indian Market-A Literature
Authors: Pali Lalita , Pal Geeta 
Published: February 2022

Indian market, new tax reformed scheme was introduced to generate government’s revenue equally between the state and center. This scheme was introduced by the center government because of the conflicts made by state governments between the state and center tax were implemented by the state governments which varies one state to another state of the country. Earlier policy was like a tax upon tax implemented on the goods and services and it was again between producer and consumers, which we call it as one type of monopoly, broken by the center government. But due to this Goods and Service Tax introducing in Indian markets reflects on the small scale and medium scale manufacturing units. So this paper focused on to my notion, this GST implementation policy is like a ‘‘Wet and Draught’’ unemployed, which were dependant on those bussinessman facing problems and due to that they shutdown/reduced their industrial work. Such relevant affects was shown only after GST introduced. Generally, it was slogan as “One Nation, One Tax and One Market” and finally termed as GST.
Impact of Institutional Investors Investment Decisions on the Pakistan Stock Exchange
Authors: Mumtaz Adeel , Aamir Muhammad , Kamran Muhammad Rizwan 
Published: February 2022

Institutional Investors play an important role in the stock price movement of stock markets of a country. The current study explores the factors Heuristic, Risk Aversion (RA), Day-to-day Experience (DTDE) & Corporate Governance (CG) which significantly affect the Investment Decision-marking (IDM) in the Pakistan Stock Exchange. This study addresses this gap and delivers literature concerning the effect of CG & DTDE on the Investment Decision-making (IDM). This study used 215 institutional investors, which are trading in the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). This study used OLS for estimation of models. The findings revealed that DTDE and CG play a vital role in IDM in Pakistan.
Clínicas familiares: evaluando el efecto biopsicosocial de la pandemia (covid-19) en una comunidad urbana
Authors: Bazán Riverón Georgina Eugenia , Osorio Guzmán Maricela , Prado Romero Carlos , Rodríguez Martínez Jorge Iván , Ocampo-Jasso José Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Desarrollar intervenciones de salud adecuadas durante la pandemia por COVID-19 ha exigido analizar su impacto. El objetivo del estudio fue describir el efecto biopsicosocial general y por género en una comunidad urbana del Estado de México para intervenir adecuadamente. Participaron 639 personas de una Clínica Familiar (67% mujeres, 27% hombres y 6% hombres-homosexuales). Se incluyeron diferentes grupos etarios (M=43;DT=23;R:8-97), mayoritariamente adultos (74%), de clase social media (90%) y de grado académico medio-superior (68%). El estudio fue transversal, exploratorio, con muestreo por conveniencia-secuencial. Se encuestó mediante google-form sincrónicamente por videollamada. El análisis cuantitativo muestra un impacto biopsicosocial de la pandemia negativo en la muestra (mayormente en mujeres), duplicándose del 10% al 20% quienes consideran peor su salud general. Las personas con bienestar emocional y sin síntomas depresivos se reducen (37% y 27% respectivamente). La presencia de trastornos conductuales, adicciones y violencia se presentan aproximadamente en el 50%. La adherencia a medidas preventivas fue alta (40%-70%) y mayor en mujeres. Se concluye sobre la intervención multidisciplinaria-comunitaria mediante clínicas familiares, analizando factores protectores y de riesgo.