bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entwicklung und psychometrische Überprüfung eines
Kurzfragebogens zur Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung im Umgang mit psychisch
belastenden Situationen (SWEP)
Authors: Dreier Mareike , Ludwig Julia , Baumgardt Johanna , Bock Thomas , Knesebeck Olaf von dem , Härter Martin , Liebherz Sarah 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Entwicklung und psychometrische
Überprüfung eines 6-Item-Instruments zur Erfassung von
Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung, sich in psychisch belastenden Situationen
Unterstützung suchen zu können (SWEP).
Methodik Entwicklung von Items, Ermittlung von Verteilungscharakteristika,
Faktorenstruktur und interner Konsistenz der Skala anhand einer
Paper-Pencil-Befragung (N=269) und einer Untersuchung einer
Online-Intervention zur Suizidprävention (N=802). Bestimmung der
Retest-Reliabilität und diskriminanten Validität zu Skalen, die
suizidspezifisches Wissen und einen Aspekt von Suizidstigma erfassten.
Ergebnisse Die Hauptkomponentenanalyse ergab für die SWEP-Skala
ein eindimensionales Konstrukt mit hoher interner Konsistenz (Cronbachs
α=0,83 bzw. α=0,89). Es zeigten sich inhaltlich
plausible Korrelationen zu anderen Konstrukten und erste Hinweise auf eine hohe
Retest-Reliabilität.
Schlussfolgerung Die SWEP-Skala ist ein reliables, augenscheinlich
valides, kurzes Instrument zur Erfassung von Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung, sich
in psychisch belastenden Situationen Unterstützung suchen zu
können.
Psychiatrie, Krisen und Politik
Authors: Salize Hans-Joachim 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von den gegenwärtigen krisenhaften Zuspitzungen diskutiert der
Artikel den anhaltenden gesellschaftspolitischen Rückzug der Psychiatrie
auf die Position einer rein medizinisch-kurativen Disziplin ohne
Zuständigkeit für wirtschaftliche, soziale und politische
Lebensbedingungen ihrer Klientel. Die globalen Krisen verweisen darauf, dass die
psychische Gesundheit der Bevölkerung zusammen mit sozialer
Kohäsion und Resilienz als wichtigste gesellschaftliche Ressource
darüber entscheiden, ob rationale Antworten auf die existentiellen
Bedrohungen der Gegenwart und Zukunft gefunden werden. Das stellt Gesellschaft
und Psychiatrie vor signifikant andere strukturelle Herausforderungen. Die
psychiatrische Expertise z. B. hinsichtlich der Balance von Autonomie
und Zwang oder der Beziehung zwischen kognitiven Prozessen und menschlichem
Handeln muss von einer krankheitsbezogenen Perspektive auf die gesellschaftliche
Ebene transferiert und für gesellschaftspolitische Debatten und die
Bekämpfung sozialer und politischer Fehlentwicklungen fruchtbar gemacht
werden.
The Effect of Using Marathon Shoes or Track Spikes on Neuromuscular
Fatigue caused by a Long-distance Track Training Session
Authors: Ruiz-Alias Santiago A. , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , Soto-Hermoso Víctor M , García-Pinillos Felipe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aims to compare the effect of the Nike ZoomX Dragonfly track spikes
and the Nike ZoomX VaporflyNext% 2 marathon shoes on the fatigue
manifestations present over and after a long-distance track training session.
Thirteen highly trained athletes completed two training sessions (i. e.,
9- and 3-minute time trials with complete recovery) with the aforementioned
footwear models. The pace, ground contact time, and stride length were measured
over the time trials, and maximal countermovement jumps were performed
previously and after the training session. The results revealed that, although
there was no significant interaction in the pace distribution (p≥0.072),
athletes tend to be only able to increase the pace at the last lap with the
marathon shoes (5.4 meters [−3.7 to 14.5 meters]) meanwhile with the
track spikes it further decreased (−3.1 meters [−9.8 to 3.6
meters]). A reduced ground contact time over the session (p=0.025) and a
tendency toward increasing stride length (p=0.09) in the last time trial
were observed. The significant interaction on the countermovement jump height
(p=0.023; Track spikes: −5.60%; Marathon shoes:
0.61%) also indicates that footwear influences the resulted allostatic
load.
Synthesis of Five-Membered Organoborate Heterocycles via a Metal-Free Carboboration and Their Use in Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Sucunza David , Vaquero Juan J. , Valencia Isabel , García-García Patricia , Pérez-Redondo Adrián 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTreatment of various vinylbenzopyridines with allyl(dichloro)borane affords five-membered organoborate heterocycles via a metal-free carboboration. The reaction between these organoborates and Grignard reagents increases the number of derivatives belonging to this novel family of four-coordinate organoboron compounds. Some of them were used as reagents in phenylations and methylations in moderate to high yields under standard palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction conditions.
Relation between Vitamin B12 Levels and Smell Affection in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Elsayad Osama A. , Abdou Said Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Olfactory and gustative alterations are frequent in the initial stages of the COVID-19 infection. Vitamin B12 deficiency has been linked to olfactory dysfunction.
Objective The present study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin B12 levels and smell affection in COVID-19 patients.
Methods The present study included 201 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients. Smell affection was assessed using self-rated olfactory function. Serum vitamin B12 levels were assessed using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.
Results According to the smell function assessment, the patients were classified into three categories: normal osmesis (n = 77), hyposmia (n = 49), and anosmia (n = 75) (Fig. 1). Four weeks later, 195 patients (97.0%) had their normal smell function restored. The remainder 6 patients included 4 anosmic and 2 hyposmic patients. Patients with hyposmia or anosmia had significantly lower vitamin B12 levels when compared with patients with normal osmesis (median [IQR]: 363.0 [198.0–539.0] versus 337.0 [175.0–467.0] and 491.0 [364.5–584.5] pg/ml, respectively, p < 0.001).
Conclusion Vitamin B12 appears to have some contribution to smell affection in patients with COVID-19 infection.
Assessment of Human Epineural Conduit of Different Size Diameters on Efficacy of Nerve Regeneration and Functional Outcomes
Authors: Strojny Marcin Michal , Kozlowska Katarzyna , Brodowska Sonia , Różczka Klaudia , Siemionow Maria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Different types of nerve conduits are used to bridge peripheral nerve gaps when a tension-free repair is unattainable. To best support nerve regeneration, naturally occurring conduits have been tested. Since allografts offer an unlimited source of epineurium, we have developed human epineural conduit (hEC) as a novel technology to bridge nerve gaps. Considering acellular properties, and lack of immunogenic response, epineurium-derived conduits represent an attractive material, when compared with nerve allografts that require systemic immunosuppression. In this study, we introduce the hEC as a novel naturally occurring material applied for repair of nerve gaps after trauma.
Methods We tested the application of hEC created from human sciatic nerve in the restoration of 20 mm sciatic nerve defects in the nude rat model. Four experimental groups were studied: group 1: no repair control (n = 6), group 2: autograft control (n = 6), group 3: matched diameter hEC (n = 6), and group 4: large diameter hEC (n = 6). Functional tests of toe-spread and pin prick were performed at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks after repair. At 12 weeks, nerve samples were collected for immunostaining of Laminin B, S-100, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), von Willebrand factor, and histomorphometric analysis of myelin thickness, axonal density, fiber diameter, and percentage of the myelinated nerve fibers. Muscle samples were gathered for gastrocnemius muscle index (GMI) and muscle fiber area ratio measurements.
Results Best functional recovery, as well as GMI, was revealed for the autograft group, and was comparable to the matched hEC group. Significant differences were revealed between matched and large hEC groups in expression of S100 (p = 0.0423), NGF (p = 0.269), VEGF (p = 0.0003) as well as in percentage of myelinated fibers (p < 0.001) and axonal density (p = 0.0003).
Conclusion We established the feasibility of hEC creation. The innovative method introduces an alternative technique to autograft repair of nerve defects.
Spectrum of Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation with PLA2G6 Variation: A Report of Three Cases from Two Families
Authors: Puri Shivangi , Agrawal Ritesh K. , Singh Ankur , Verma Ashish , Mishra Arpita , Singh Ashok , Narayan Raghvendra , Mishra Om P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNeurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation consists of disorders characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration, cognitive decline, brain iron accumulation in extrapyramidal system, dentate nucleus, and gray and white matters boundary. We present a case series of PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN), with definite PLA2G6 gene mutations in two cases and suspected in one case. Diagnosis was based on clinical presentations, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and detection of PLA2G6 mutations. Case 1: An 8-year-old boy presented with weakness of lower limbs, subnormal intelligence, scanning speech, spasticity, dysdiadochokinesia, pendular knee jerk, and extensor plantar reflex. MRI of the brain showed diffuse cerebellar atrophy and white matter T2 hyperintensity with iron deposition in bilateral globus pallidi. Case 2: Elder sister of Case 1, who developed ataxia at the age of 6 years and became bedridden at 14 years. She had nocturnal enuresis, seizures, cervical dystonia, dysphagia, and died at 23 years of age. MRI showed cerebral and cerebellar atrophies and iron deposition in basal ganglia and substantia nigra. Case 3 had infantile onset with quadriparesis, optic atrophy, developmental delay, cerebral and cerebellar atrophies, and brain iron accumulation in basal ganglia. Case 1 revealed two heterozygous mutations of PLA2G6 gene in exons 16 (c.2264G > A, p. Arg755Gln) and 12 (c.1637G > A, p. Arg546Gln), classified as likely pathogenic. Elder sister (Case 2) could not be tested for this mutation. Case 3 showed homozygous silent splice site point variation in exon 7 (c.1077 G > A; p. Ser 359 Ser) of PLA2G6 gene. Thus, in patients presenting with neurodegeneration and imaging findings of brain iron accumulation, diagnosis can be established by PLA2G6 gene mutation analysis.
Regularizing dual-frame generalized harmonic gauge at null infinity
Authors: Duarte Miguel , C Feng Justin , Gasperín Edgar , Hilditch David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The dual-frame formalism leads to an approach to extend numerical relativity simulations in generalized harmonic gauge (GHG) all the way to null infinity. A major setback is that without care, even simple choices of initial data give rise to logarithmically divergent terms that would result in irregular variables and equations on the compactified domain, which would in turn prevent accurate numerical approximation. It has been shown, however, that a suitable choice of gauge and constraint addition can be used to prevent their appearance. Presently we give a first order symmetric hyperbolic reduction of general relativity in GHG on compactified hyperboloidal slices that exploits this knowledge and eradicates these log-terms at leading orders. Because of their effect on the asymptotic solution space, specific formally singular terms are systematically chosen to remain. Such formally singular terms have been successfully treated numerically in toy models and result in a formulation with the desirable property that unphysical radiation content near infinity is suppressed.
Gauge-fixing and spacetime reconstruction in the Hamiltonian theory of cosmological perturbations
Authors: Boldrin Alice , Małkiewicz Przemysław 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We develop a complete Hamiltonian approach to the theory of perturbations around any spatially homogeneous spacetime. We employ the Dirac method for constrained systems which is well-suited to cosmological perturbations. We refine the method via the so-called Kuchař parametrization of the kinematical phase space. We separate the gauge-invariant dynamics of the three-surfaces from the three-surface deformations induced by linear coordinate transformations. The canonical group of the three-surface deformations and the complete space of gauge-fixing conditions are explicit in our approach. We introduce a frame in the space of gauge-fixing conditions and use it to considerably simplify the prescription for gauge-fixing, partial gauge-fixing and spacetime reconstruction. Finally, we illustrate our approach by considering the perturbed Kasner Universe, for which we discuss two kinds of gauges that correspond respectively to the Coulomb-like and the Lorenz-like gauge in electrodynamics.
Out-of-plane and in-plane magnetic phases of a FeGe slab detected by dynamic cantilever magnetometry
Authors: Xu Feng , Wang Ning , Zhu Wanli , Zhang ChangJin , Tian Mingliang , Xue Fei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Using dynamic cantilever magnetometry (DCM), the magnetic phases in
H
-out-of-plane and
H
-in-plane configurations of a FeGe slab were investigated. We recorded magnetic field-dependent frequency shifts with static temperature (f
-H
measurements) and temperature-dependent frequency shifts with static magnetic field (f-
T
measurements). Based on these data, we constructed the
H
–
T
phase diagrams in both configurations. Skyrmion phase (SkX) can be recognized in
H
-out-of-plane configuration. While no signature of SkX can be recognized in
H
-in-plane configuration. Meanwhile, the critical magnetic field for the transition from conical phase to field-polarized phase in
H
-out-of-plane configuration is higher than in
H
-in-plane configuration. We attribute these two differences to signal-to-noise ratio and demagnetizing field in two configurations, respectively. This work demonstrated the ability of DCM to probe magnetizations of thick or tilted magnetic films, which are difficult to measure using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy or vibrating sample microscopy.
Controllable growth of wafer-scale monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides ternary alloys with tunable band gap
Authors: Li Rongsheng , Yu Junyao , Yao Bing , Huang Xianlei , Fu Zihao , Zhou Zhenjia , Yuan Guowen , Xu Jie , Gao Libo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The tuning of band gap is very important for the application of two-dimensional (2D) materials in optoelectronic devices. Alloying of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is an important way to tune the wide band gap. In this study, we report a multi-step vapor deposition method to grow monolayer TMDC ternary alloy films with wafer scale, including Mo1−x
W
x
S2, Mo1−x
W
x
Se2 and MoS2x
Se2(1−x), which are accurately controllable in the elemental proportion (x is from 0 to 1). The band gap of the three 2D ternary alloy materials are continuously tuned for the whole range of metal and chalcogen compositions. The metal compositions are controlled by the as-deposited thickness. Raman, photoluminescence, elemental maps and TEM show the high spatial homogeneity in the compositions and optical properties across the whole wafer. The band gap can be continuously tuned from 1.86 to 1.99 eV for Mo1−x
W
x
S2, 1.56 to 1.65 eV for Mo1−x
W
x
Se2, 1.56 to 1.86 eV for MoS2x
Se2(1−x). Electrical transport measurements indicate that Mo1−x
W
x
S2 and MoS2x
Se2(1−x) monolayers show n-type semiconductor behaviors, and the carrier types of Mo1−x
W
x
Se2 can be tuned as n-type, bipolar and p-type. Moreover, this control process can be easily generalized to other 2D alloy films, even to quaternary or multi-element alloy materials. Our study presents a promising route for the preparation of large-scale homogeneous monolayer TMDC alloys and the application for future functional devices.
Ensemble learning for glioma patients overall survival prediction using pre-operative MRIs
Authors: Yang Zi , Chen Mingli , Kazemimoghadam Mahdieh , Ma Lin , Stojadinovic Strahinja , Wardak Zabi , Timmerman Robert , Dan Tu , Lu Weiguo , Gu Xuejun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective: Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. Approximately 70% of the glioma patients diagnosed with glioblastoma have an averaged overall survival (OS) of only ∼16 months. Early survival prediction is essential for treatment decision-making in glioma patients. Here we proposed an ensemble learning approach to predict the post-operative OS of glioma patients using only pre-operative MRIs. Approach: Our dataset was from the Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention Brain Tumor Segmentation challenge 2020, which consists of multimodal pre-operative MRI scans of 235 glioma patients with survival days recorded. The backbone of our approach was a Siamese network consisting of twinned ResNet-based feature extractors followed by a 3-layer classifier. During training, the feature extractors explored traits of intra and inter-class by minimizing contrastive loss of randomly paired 2D pre-operative MRIs, and the classifier utilized the extracted features to generate labels with cost defined by cross-entropy loss. During testing, the extracted features were also utilized to define distance between the test sample and the reference composed of training data, to generate an additional predictor via K-NN classification. The final label was the ensemble classification from both the Siamese model and the K-NN model. Main results: Our approach classifies the glioma patients into 3 OS classes: long-survivors (>15 months), mid-survivors (between 10 and 15 months) and short-survivors (<10 months). The performance is assessed by the accuracy (ACC) and the area under the curve (AUC) of 3-class classification. The final result achieved an ACC of 65.22% and AUC of 0.81. Significance: Our Siamese network based ensemble learning approach demonstrated promising ability in mining discriminative features with minimal manual processing and generalization requirement. This prediction strategy can be potentially applied to assist timely clinical decision-making.
Overview of L- to H-mode transition experiments at ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Plank U , McDermott R M , Birkenmeier G , Bonanomi N , Cavedon M , Conway G D , Eich T , Griener M , Grover O , Schneider P A , Willensdorfer M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of results from L–H transition experiments that were performed at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) with the aim of identifying the underlying mechanisms leading to H-mode confinement. With a broad variety of experiments and new diagnostic techniques, as well as modeling efforts, AUG has contributed substantially to improving our understanding of the L–H transition over the past years. In this review, the important roles of the ion heat channel and the edge radial electric field (E

r
) in the L–H transition physics are brought into context with known dependencies of the H-mode power threshold (

P

L
H

), such as the impact of wall material, magnetic perturbations, and the magnetic configuration. Furthermore, experimental and theoretical results obtained at AUG on the L-mode edge turbulence are connected to the mean-field E

r
and its related shear flow. This led to a deeper understanding of the I-phase plasma regime, has resolved the so-called isotope effect of

P

L
H

, and led to the development of a semi-analytical model that can describe AUG’s experimental observations of the L–H transition together with the L- and H-mode density limits.
Investigation of the compatibility of pellet fueling with ELM-free H-mode plasmas in EAST tokamak
Authors: Hou Jilei , Zuo Guizhong , Xu Liqing , Hu Jiansheng , Chen Yue , Yuan Xiaolin , Chu Yuqi , Wu Mingfu , Zhong Fubin , Li Pan , Wang Shouxin , Zhao Hailin , Zhou Chu , Ye Yang , Zhao Weikuan , Zhang Ling , Lu Dian , Yang Xiuda , Li Jiangang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Experiments on pellet fueling have been carried out in edge localized mode (ELM)-free high-confinement mode (H-mode) plasmas with q
95 ∼ 6 in the EAST tokamak. Cryogenic deuterium pellets were injected into the ELM-free plasmas at a frequency of 10 or 5 Hz from ∼45 cm above the mid-plane on the low-field side. It is found that the ELM-free H-mode plasmas are still sustained even if both the edge and core plasma are impacted by the pellet injections (PIs). Several small ELMs would appear and the edge coherent mode accompanying the ELM-free phase fades or even disappears just after the pellet events, but the plasma would rapidly recover to the ELM-free state. Although the ELMing phase is very short, it may be an issue that still needs to be resolved in the future. Meanwhile, the 3/2 tearing mode often appearing in ELM-free discharges would be stabilized by the PIs, and the high-Z impurity concentration would be reduced during the PIs. All these results will be meaningful to International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor and future fusion reactors.
(Ba1−x
Na
x
)F(Zn1−x
Mnx)Sb: A novel fluoride-antimonide magnetic semiconductor with decoupled charge and spin doping
Authors: Zhao Xueqin , Dong Jinou , Fu Licheng , Gu Yilun , Zhang Rufei , Yang Qiaolin , Xie Lingfeng , Tang Yinsong , Ning Fanlong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We report the successful synthesis and characterization of a novel 1111-type magnetic semiconductor (Ba1−x
Na
x
)F(Zn1−x
Mn
x
)Sb (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.175) with tetragonal ZrSiCuAs-type structure, which is isostructural to the layered iron-based superconductor La(O,F)FeAs. Na substitutions for Ba and Mn substitutions for Zn introduce carriers and local magnetic moments, respectively. Ferromagnetic interaction is formed when Na and Mn are codoped, demonstrating that local magnetic moments are mediated by carriers. Iso-thermal magnetization shows that the coercive field is as large as ~ 12 000 Oe, which is also reflected in the large split between the temperature-dependent magnetization in zero-field-cooling and field-cooling condition. AC susceptibility under zero field demonstrates that samples evolve into spin-glass state below spin freezing temperature T
f. The measurements of temperature-dependent resistivity indicate that (Ba1−x
Na
x
)F(Zn1−x
Mn
x
)Sb exhibits semiconducting behaviour.
High-power microwaves response characteristics of silicon and GaAs solar cells
Authors: Meng Xiangrui , Chai Changchun , Li Fuxing , Sun Yi , Yang Yintang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The high-power microwave (HPM) effect heats solar cells, which is an important component of a satellite. This creates a serious reliability problem and affects the normal operation of a satellite. In this paper, the different HPM response characteristics of two kinds of solar cells are comparatively researched by simulation. The results show that there are similarities and differences in hot spot distribution and damage mechanisms between both kinds of solar cell, which are related to the amplitude of HPM. In addition, the duty cycle of repetition frequency contributes more to the temperature accumulation of the solar cells than the carrier frequency. These results will help future research of damage assessment technology, reliability enhancement and the selection of materials for solar cells.