bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on carbon mineralization kinetics and microbial attributes in plant residue-amended soils
Authors: Ghalandari Yadollah , Shirvani Mehran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The widespread use of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) will inevitably enhance their discharge into soils, leading to serious concerns about their effects on soil microbial functions essential for sustaining environmental health. This study was designed to determine the impacts of different ZnO-NPs concentrations (100 − 1000 mg kg− 1 soil) on soil carbon (C) mineralization kinetics of soil amended with alfalfa hay and wheat straw. The microbial biomass C (MBC), basal respiration (BR), and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were also compared in the contaminated and control soil samples. The results showed that ZnO-NPs influenced the measured C mineralization criteria of the residue-amended soils, such as the total mineralized C and the C mineralization rates. The results of kinetic analysis using the double first-order model revealed that the addition ZnO-NPs increased the amount of C mineralized during the initial fast phase, while it reduced the C mineralization in the subsequent slow phase. The rate constants associated with the fast and the slow C mineralization phases were also differently affected by ZnO-NPs. Furthermore, the soil contaminated with ZnO-NPs had lower MBC and BR values compared to the uncontaminated soil, indicating that the size and activity of the soil microbial community were suppressed by ZnO-NPs. The qCO2 value increased in the ZnO-NPs contaminated soils, suggesting that the soil microbial community was subjected to toxicity stress by ZnO-NPs. In conclusion, ZnO-NPs can drastically influence the microbial abundance, maintenance energy demand, and C mineralization process in plant residue-amended calcareous soils.
A Tunisian benchmark social media data set for COVID-19 sentiment analysis and sarcasm detection
Authors: Mekki Asma , Zribi Inès , Ellouze Mariem , Belguith Lamia Hadrich 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The aim of this research is to better understand public perceptions of COVID-19 pandemic patterns and to identify key themes of concern expressed by Tunisian dialect social media users throughout the epidemic. We collected around 23K comments written in Tunisian dialect in both Arabic and Latin letters. These comments were manually annotated by native language experts for sentiment analysis (optimist, pessimist and neutral) and sarcasm detection (sarcastic and non-sarcastic). In addition to health, our data set includes comments relating to additional COVID-19-influenced thematic areas, such as entertainment, social, sports, religion and politics. This paper deals with an extensive analysis of the sentiments and sarcasm expressed in Tunisian social media comments about the novel COVID-19 since its release at the beginning of 2020. On the data set, we also report benchmarking results for sentiment analysis and sarcasm detection using machine learning and deep learning techniques. The best models achieved an accuracy of above 70% on both sentiment analysis and sarcasm detection.
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Homeodomain–Leucine Zipper Family in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Under Abiotic Stress and in seed development
Authors: Zhang Yachun , Ge Jie , Huang Baosheng , Tong Liqi , Shu Yuanyuan , Qi Chaowei , Wang Xinyu , Yu Lingxiang , Luo Xiangbo , Song Zhaojian , Zhang Xianhua , Cai Detian , He Yuchi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The homeodomain–leucine zipper(HD-ZIP) gene family is involved in a variety of physiological processes in plants and plays a number of roles in rice. However, the analysis of this gene family in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is not comprehensive. The genome-wide characterization of HD-ZIP family was explored by using high-quality rice genome sequence combined with transcriptome. The HD-ZIP superfamily has four subfamilies in rice, including 31 HOX gene members in subfamilies I, II, and III, and nine rice outermost cell-specific gene (ROC) members in subfamily IV. Four subfamily members can interact with many reproductive and developmental related proteins, and subfamily II is regulated by miR396 family. We explored the expression patterns of HD-ZIPs in different rice tissues and analysis of high temperature and low temperature stress by RT-PCR showed that HD-ZIPs played an important role in the early stage of stress. The transcriptome results of diploid and tetraploid grains at different development stages showed that most HD-ZIP members were highly expressed in the early stage of grain development, and the expression of some members in tetraploid glumes was significantly higher than that in diploid glumes. These findings indicate the evolutionary process, characteristics and expression profile of HD-ZIP gene family in rice, and reveal their role in rice development and response to abiotic stress.
Experimental studies on the effects of coagulation and adsorption as a pretreatment process on the microfiltration of oily wastewater
Authors: Shafiei Niloufar Lashkari , Zokaee Ashtiani Farzin , Fouladitajar Amir 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To improve the performance of the membrane process in the treatment of oily wastewater, the combined effects of pretreatment, membrane modification, and optimization of operating parameters on the microfiltration membrane system were investigated. First, coagulation and adsorption were used as pretreatment steps. Polyaluminium chloride and ferric chloride were employed as coagulants, and granular activated carbon was used as an adsorbent. In the optimal coagulation condition (1 g/L polyaluminium chloride, pH 7.5), chemical oxygen demand (COD) was reduced by 96%, while in the optimal adsorption condition, in which large amounts of activated carbon were utilized, 48% of COD was eliminated. A membrane of polyethersulfone containing SiO2-g-polymethacrylic acid (PMAA) nanoparticles was then prepared by the non-solvent-induced phase separation method. To reduce fouling and increase the flux of the membrane, the SiO2 nanoparticles were first activated with amine groups and then PMAA was grafted onto the surface of the particles. Subsequently, the operating parameters were studied to optimize the performance of the polyethersulfone (PES)/SiO2-g-PMAA membrane using the response surface methodology (RSM) method. The results indicated that the flux of the modified membrane for pretreated wastewater was 72.2% higher than that of the PES membrane and non-pretreated wastewater at an optimum pressure of 2 bar and a flow rate of 3.5 L/min.
ANÁLISE DA MORTALIDADE POR SUICÍDIO NO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Lopes de França Lima Patrícia , Tatiane Alves da Silva Maria , Lissandra Lopes de França Lima Niédja , Thiago Pereira de Lima Ewerton , Tamires Alves da Silva Daniela , Teixeira de Souza Maia Livia 
Published: November 2022

Introdução: O suicídio se caracteriza como um ato consciente de cessação da sua própria vida, sendo um problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade por suicídio no estado de Pernambuco, no período de 2010 a 2019. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e ecológico, com uma abordagem quantitativa. Foram utilizados dados secundários disponibilizados no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e no Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. O estudo calculou a Taxa de Mortalidade por Suicídio e considerou as seguintes variáveis: ano do óbito, localização geográfica, sexo, faixa etária e raça/cor. O processamento e análise dos dados ocorreram com auxílio das planilhas eletrônicas do Excel e do software SIG QGIS 3.16, sendo utilizadas medidas de frequência absolutas e relativas e apresentados em tabelas, figuras e mapa temático. Resultados: Nos últimos anos, Pernambuco vem apresentando uma tendência crescente na mortalidade por suicídio, se destacando a prevalência na população masculina (77,33%), na faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos (40,95%) e na população negra (79,26%). Em relação a distribuição geográfica das taxas médias, o estado apresentou diferenças, destacando-se a Região de Saúde IX (Serra Talhada), seguida por Região de Saúde V (Garanhuns), Região de Saúde VII (Salgueiro) e Região de Saúde IX (Oricuri). Conclusões: A análise da mortalidade por suicídio foi importante para a construção do perfil das vítimas, possibilitando a identificação dos grupos vulneráveis e direcionando as intervenções. Além disso, destaca-se a importância da implementação e aprimoramento das políticas públicas voltadas para a prevenção do suicídio.
Optimal Route Selection of Offshore Pipelines Subjected to Submarine Landslides
Authors: Makrakis Nikolaos , Psarropoulos Prodromos N. , Chatzidakis Dionysios , Tsompanakis Yiannis 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Offshore lifelines (i.e., pipelines and cables) are usually vulnerable to seabed deformations induced by earthquake-triggered geohazards, such as submarine landslides, soil liquefaction, and tectonic faulting. Since the complete avoidance of all areas characterized by offshore geohazards is not always techno-economically feasible, optimal lifeline route selection is deemed necessary for the safety and serviceability of every such infrastructure, in order to minimize the risk of severe environmental and economic consequences.

Objective:
The current study presents a decision-support tool for the design of offshore high-pressure gas pipelines, capable of performing: (a) the assessment of submarine landslides along a possible pipeline route (i.e., impact force and landslide width), (b) the assessment of their potential impact on the pipeline (i.e., pipeline strains), and (c) the optimal pipeline route selection.

Methods:
The advanced capabilities of GIS in lifeline optimal route selection are successfully combined with efficient (semi-)analytical models that realistically assess the response of offshore pipelines when subjected to axial or oblique loading conditions due to a submarine landslide.

Results:
The efficiency of the smart tool is presented through a case study of an offshore pipeline that is crossing potentially unstable slopes -under static and seismic conditions- in the Adriatic Sea. Five alternative routings are proposed based on the adopted design criteria when crossing the seismically unstable slopes and zones characterized by steep inclination.

Conclusion:
Provided that sufficient and reliable data are available, the developed decision-support tool can be efficiently used for deriving the potentially optimal route of an offshore pipeline.
Body Fluid Biopsy: A New Paradigm in Early Diagnosis and Success Monitoring of Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Luminturahardjo Winarko 
Published: November 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of cancer with a high prevalence of 10.2% and ranks third highest in the world with the second highest mortality rate. In Indonesia, CRC is the 4th most common type of cancer, with a prevalence of 9.88%. Up to now, the definitive diagnosis of CRC colon biopsy using a colonoscopy, which is very invasive, relatively expensive, and requires an expert to do it. Liquid biopsy is one of the breakthroughs in the field of CRC that can be used for screening and early diagnosis and assessing the prognosis and response to treatment. Liquid biopsy has advantages over tissue biopsy. Some of the materials that can be texted from a liquid biopsy are: circulating cell tumors (CTCs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), proteins, metabolites, and exosomes. Exosomes are microvesicles that are released from tumor cells to target cells and contain a lot of cancer genetic information, such as microRNAs, lncRNAs, mRNAs and proteins. Through this article, the author would like to describe the potential of CRC test using liquid biopsy which has almost never been studied and used as a potential biomarker in Indonesia.
COVID-19 Mortality Characteristics During First to Third Pandemic Wave in Malang
Authors: Indiastari Dewi , Samsu Nur , Candradikusuma Didi , Budiarti Niniek , Sutanto Heri , Fatma Siti 
Published: November 2022

Background: The epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 has spread worldwide for about one and half years, including in Indonesia, with several peaks in cases and mortality rates. A descriptive pattern of Covid 19 inpatients in Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang needed to improve health service quality and reduce mortality rates.
Aim: Determine the descriptive pattern of inpatients Covid 19 in the internal medicine ward in Saiful Anwar General Hospital from March 2020 until February 2022.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from March 2020 to July 2021 and used convenience sampling due to sample availability. A total of 137 hospitalized patients in December 2020, 387 in July 2021, and 113 in February 2022 patients were included with information about age, sex, medical diagnosis, comorbid, and outcome, which was obtained from medical records. Descriptive analysis was used to explore frequency distribution and analysis.
Results: We found several factors associated with the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 cases. Overall, these results emphasize the role of comorbidity as a possible driver of the COVID‑19 case fatality rate.
Conclusion: In the three waves of Covid 19 in Indonesia, the highest case fatality rate was during the Delta variant in July 2021, where more factors significantly affected case mortality.
Measuring the Digital Skills of Catalan Health Care Professionals as a Key Step Toward a Strategic Training Plan: Digital Competence Test Validation Study
Authors: Reixach Elisenda , Andrés Erik , Sallent Ribes Josuè , Gea-Sánchez Montserrat , Àvila López Alícia , Cruañas Bea , González Abad Anna , Faura Ricard , Guitert Montse , Romeu Teresa , Hernández-Encuentra Eulàlia , Bravo-Ramirez Sandra , Saigí-Rubió Francesc 
Published: November 2022

Background
Despite Catalonia being an advanced region in terms of digital health adoption, the “Forum for Professional Dialogue” identified the need to improve information and communication technology (ICT) competences as one of the present and future challenges for health care professionals (HPs).

Objective
We aimed to validate the digital competence test developed ad hoc for this study and to measure the digital competence level of Catalan HPs to establish their current level as the baseline for designing a strategic training plan.

Methods
An exploratory observational study was conducted based on a voluntary survey where sociodemographic, professional and digital tool knowledge, digital tool use, and training needs data were collected and based on the score obtained from a digital competence test developed ad hoc. The digital competence test consisted of 2 “real-life scenarios” with 7 and 11 questions.

Results
In total, 803 HPs, of whom 612 (76.2%) were women, completed the survey between June 28 and July 16, 2021. Most participants self-rated their digital competence level as either intermediate (384/803, 47.8%) or basic (357/803, 44.5%). The mean score in the digital competence test was 22.6 (SD 4.3). Therefore, most participants displayed a basic level of digital competence. The internal consistency of the digital competence test was 0.66, and the discrimination index of all questions was ≥0.2 for all items except for 1 question.

Conclusions
This exploratory study highlights the need to improve the digital competence of HPs working in Catalonia, with special effort being made to provide training according to the specific needs of the different HP profiles. The results have informed the Health Plan for Catalonia 2021-2025 and lay the foundations for the development and deployment of a framework program for the digital competences of HPs. The developed digital competence test shows acceptable consistency for the objective pursued, although improvements are needed to fine-tune its accuracy.
COVID-19–Associated Misinformation Across the South Asian Diaspora: Qualitative Study of WhatsApp Messages
Authors: Sharma Anjana E , Khosla Kiran , Potharaju Kameswari , Mukherjea Arnab , Sarkar Urmimala 
Published: November 2022

Background
South Asians, inclusive of individuals originating in India, Pakistan, Maldives, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Nepal, comprise the largest diaspora in the world, with large South Asian communities residing in the Caribbean, Africa, Europe, and elsewhere. There is evidence that South Asian communities have disproportionately experienced COVID-19 infections and mortality. WhatsApp, a free messaging app, is widely used in transnational communication within the South Asian diaspora. Limited studies exist on COVID-19–related misinformation specific to the South Asian community on WhatsApp. Understanding communication on WhatsApp may improve public health messaging to address COVID-19 disparities among South Asian communities worldwide.

Objective
We developed the COVID-19–Associated misinfoRmation On Messaging apps (CAROM) study to identify messages containing misinformation about COVID-19 shared via WhatsApp.

Methods
We collected messages forwarded globally through WhatsApp from self-identified South Asian community members between March 23 and June 3, 2021. We excluded messages that were in languages other than English, did not contain misinformation, or were not relevant to COVID-19. We deidentified each message and coded them for one or more content categories, media types (eg, video, image, text, web link, or a combination of these elements), and tone (eg, fearful, well intentioned, or pleading). We then performed a qualitative content analysis to arrive at key themes of COVID-19 misinformation.

Results
We received 108 messages; 55 messages met the inclusion criteria for the final analytic sample; 32 (58%) contained text, 15 (27%) contained images, and 13 (24%) contained video. Content analysis revealed the following themes: “community transmission” relating to misinformation on how COVID-19 spreads in the community; “prevention” and “treatment,” including Ayurvedic and traditional remedies for how to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection; and messaging attempting to sell “products or services” to prevent or cure COVID-19. Messages varied in audience from the general public to South Asians specifically; the latter included messages alluding to South Asian pride and solidarity. Scientific jargon and references to major organizations and leaders in health care were included to provide credibility. Messages with a pleading tone encouraged users to forward them to friends or family.

Conclusions
Misinformation in the South Asian community on WhatsApp spreads erroneous ideas regarding disease transmission, prevention, and treatment. Content evoking solidarity, “trustworthy” sources, and encouragement to forward messages may increase the spread of misinformation. Public health outlets and social media companies must actively combat misinformation to address health disparities among the South Asian diaspora during the COVID-19 pandemic and in future public health emergencies.
The Use of Digital Health Interventions for Cardiometabolic Diseases Among South Asian and Black Minority Ethnic Groups: Realist Review
Authors: Goswami Aumeya , Poole Lydia , Thorlu-Bangura Zareen , Khan Nushrat , Hanif Wasim , Khunti Kamlesh , Gill Paramjit , Sajid Madiha , Blandford Ann , Stevenson Fiona , Banerjee Amitava , Ramasawmy Mel 
Published: November 2022

Background
Digital health interventions (DHIs) for the prevention and management of cardiometabolic diseases have become increasingly common. However, there is limited evidence for the suitability of these approaches in minority ethnic populations, who are at an increased risk of these diseases.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the use of DHIs for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes among minority ethnic populations in countries with a majority of White, English-speaking populations, focusing on people who identified as South Asian, Black, or African American.

Methods
A realist methodology framework was followed. A literature search was conducted to develop context-mechanism-outcome configurations, including the contexts in which DHIs work for the target minority ethnic groups, mechanisms that these contexts trigger, and resulting health outcomes. After systematic searches, a qualitative analysis of the included studies was conducted using deductive and inductive coding.

Results
A total of 15 studies on the uptake of DHIs for cardiovascular disease or diabetes were identified, of which 13 (87%) focused on people with an African-American background. The review found evidence supporting the use of DHIs in minority ethnic populations when specific factors are considered in implementation and design, including patients’ beliefs, health needs, education and literacy levels, material circumstances, culture, social networks, and wider community and the supporting health care systems.

Conclusions
Our context-mechanism-outcome configurations provide a useful guide for the future development of DHIs targeted at South Asian and Black minority ethnic populations, with specific recommendations for improving cultural competency and promoting accessibility and inclusivity of design.
Natural Language Processing for Improved Characterization of COVID-19 Symptoms: Observational Study of 350,000 Patients in a Large Integrated Health Care System
Authors: Malden Deborah E , Tartof Sara Y , Ackerson Bradley K , Hong Vennis , Skarbinski Jacek , Yau Vincent , Qian Lei , Fischer Heidi , Shaw Sally F , Caparosa Susan , Xie Fagen 
Published: November 2022

Background
Natural language processing (NLP) of unstructured text from electronic medical records (EMR) can improve the characterization of COVID-19 signs and symptoms, but large-scale studies demonstrating the real-world application and validation of NLP for this purpose are limited.

Objective
The aim of this paper is to assess the contribution of NLP when identifying COVID-19 signs and symptoms from EMR.

Methods
This study was conducted in Kaiser Permanente Southern California, a large integrated health care system using data from all patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 laboratory tests from March 2020 to May 2021. An NLP algorithm was developed to extract free text from EMR on 12 established signs and symptoms of COVID-19, including fever, cough, headache, fatigue, dyspnea, chills, sore throat, myalgia, anosmia, diarrhea, vomiting or nausea, and abdominal pain. The proportion of patients reporting each symptom and the corresponding onset dates were described before and after supplementing structured EMR data with NLP-extracted signs and symptoms. A random sample of 100 chart-reviewed and adjudicated SARS-CoV-2–positive cases were used to validate the algorithm performance.

Results
A total of 359,938 patients (mean age 40.4 [SD 19.2] years; 191,630/359,938, 53% female) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified over the study period. The most common signs and symptoms identified through NLP-supplemented analyses were cough (220,631/359,938, 61%), fever (185,618/359,938, 52%), myalgia (153,042/359,938, 43%), and headache (144,705/359,938, 40%). The NLP algorithm identified an additional 55,568 (15%) symptomatic cases that were previously defined as asymptomatic using structured data alone. The proportion of additional cases with each selected symptom identified in NLP-supplemented analysis varied across the selected symptoms, from 29% (63,742/220,631) of all records for cough to 64% (38,884/60,865) of all records with nausea or vomiting. Of the 295,305 symptomatic patients, the median time from symptom onset to testing was 3 days using structured data alone, whereas the NLP algorithm identified signs or symptoms approximately 1 day earlier. When validated against chart-reviewed cases, the NLP algorithm successfully identified signs and symptoms with consistently high sensitivity (ranging from 87% to 100%) and specificity (94% to 100%).

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate that NLP can identify and characterize a broad set of COVID-19 signs and symptoms from unstructured EMR data with enhanced detail and timeliness compared with structured data alone.