bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Fully 3D‐Printed Tortoise‐Inspired Soft Robot with Terrains‐Adaptive and Amphibious Landing Capabilities
Authors: Wu Mingxin , Xu Xiaoxian , Zhao Qin , Afridi Waqar Hussain , Hou Ningzhe , Afridi Rahdar Hussain , Zheng Xingwen , Wang Chen , Xie Guangming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTerrain adaptation and amphibious landing pose the greatest challenges for soft amphibious robots. Based on the principles of tortoises, this paper presents a fully 3D‐printed soft amphibious robot with four pneumatic bionic legs that are capable of bending in three dimensions. The gaits of the robot are described in six different ways and a dynamic model is developed for its control. In addition to linear motion (0.97 BL s−1) and turning (25.4° s−1) on rigid terrain, the robot can also maneuver on various surface conditions (such as hills, gaps, smooth slopes, gravel, sand, muddy terrain, and water), and even make an amphibious landing. These properties, together with the soft amphibious robot's continuous obstacle avoidance capabilities, high load‐carrying capacity (28 times its own weight), low cost, and high camouflage, allow for a wide variety of applications.
State Filling and Stimulated Emission by Colloidal InP/ZnSe Core/Shell Quantum Dots
Authors: Sousa Velosa Filipe , Van Avermaet Hannes , Schiettecatte Pieter , Mingabudinova Leila , Geiregat Pieter , Hens Zeger 
Published: June 2022

AbstractColloidal InP‐based quantum dots (QDs) are widely studied for luminescent color conversion or electroluminescence, yet the nature of the emitting state remains a matter of debate and reports on stimulated emission by these materials are nearly absent. Here, the properties of photo‐excited InP/ZnSe QDs are investigated using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. It is shown that the evolution of the band‐edge bleach with increasing exciton number can be interpreted as state filling of the conduction‐ and valence‐band edge states by delocalized electrons and holes. In line with this interpretation, net stimulated emission is observed once the average exciton number exceeds 1. The authors account for this lower‐than‐expected gain threshold and the spectral properties of the gain band by reckoning that the Stokes shift between band‐edge absorption and emission is the dominant spectral shift. The underlying exciton–phonon coupling leads to a stimulated emission mechanism, where also single excitons can lead to net optical gain. To fully profit from this advantageous stimulated emission scheme, it is argued that InP/ZnSe QDs with more narrow emission lines are needed and spurious trapping of electron–hole pairs at high exciton numbers must be suppressed, for example, by better controlling the composition of the core/shell interface.
Leveraging Building Material as Part of the In‐Plane Robotic Kinematic System for Collective Construction
Authors: Leder Samuel , Kim HyunGyu , Oguz Ozgur Salih , Kubail Kalousdian Nicolas , Hartmann Valentin Noah , Menges Achim , Toussaint Marc , Sitti Metin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough collective robotic construction systems are beginning to showcase how multi‐robot systems can contribute to building construction by efficiently building low‐cost, sustainable structures, the majority of research utilizes non‐structural or highly customized materials. A modular collective robotic construction system based on a robotic actuator, which leverages timber struts for the assembly of architectural artifacts as well as part of the robot body for locomotion is presented. The system is co‐designed for in‐plane assembly from an architectural, robotic, and computer science perspective in order to integrate the various hardware and software constraints into a single workflow. The system is tested using five representative physical scenarios. These proof‐of‐concept demonstrations showcase three tasks required for construction assembly: the ability of the system to locomote, dynamically change the topology of connecting robotic actuators and timber struts, and collaborate to transport timber struts. As such, the groundwork for a future autonomous collective robotic construction system that could address collective construction assembly and even further increase the flexibility of on‐site construction robots through its modularity is laid.
An OFET‐Based Involutive Logic Circuit with Wide‐Range Threshold Shift Compensability
Authors: Yan Yongkun , Wu Yangjiang , Shao Lin , Yang Longfei , Wu Zeng , Li Wenhao , Yi Zhengran , Liu Yunqi , Zhao Yan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrganic field‐effect transistor (OFET)‐based circuits require stable device performance. However, OFETs are suffering from process variation and environmental instability, which limits circuit performance. Here, an optimally designed XOR gate based on p‐type‐only OFETs is reported. The circuit has excellent postfabrication tunability that is enough to cope with a threshold voltage shift as high as 1.5 V. Moreover, the circuit largely reduces the number of transistors by 81% compared with conventional design and can realize ultralow power consumption. In addition, the XOR gate can act as a programmable inverter with good regenerative property. Utilizing the XOR gate, the authors demonstrate its application in cryptography. A 3481‐bit message is correctly encrypted and decrypted with an accuracy rate of up to 98.5%. The authors’ work enables the accurate prediction of circuit operation in the presence of OFET threshold voltage shifts.
Controlling Iron Versus Oxygen Redox in the Layered Cathode Na0.67Fe0.5Mn0.5O2: Mitigating Voltage and Capacity Fade by Mg Substitution
Authors: Boivin Edouard , House Robert A. , Marie John‐Joseph , Bruce Peter G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLayered oxides for Na‐ion batteries containing Fe have attracted strong interest mainly due to their low cost. However, full oxidation of Fe3+ to Fe4+ is rarely seen before O‐redox sets in and is typically accompanied by voltage and capacity fade on cycling. On charging P2‐Na0.67[Fe0.5Mn0.5]O2, Fe3+ is oxidized to only ≈Fe3.3+ before the onset of O‐redox. O‐redox occurs when the Na content is sufficiently low (Na ≈0.3) to permit the transition from P‐type to O‐type stacking, thus enabling Fe3+ migration to the Na layer. Fe3+ migration generates cation vacancies in the transition metal layer, forming □‐O‐□ configurations, which trigger the onset of O‐redox. In contrast, doping this material with Mg2+ to form P2‐Na0.67[Fe0.25Mn0.6Mg0.15]O2 allows full oxidation of Fe3+ to Fe4+ before the Na content is low enough to favor O‐type stacking. During O‐redox, Mg2+ is displaced into the Na layers instead of Fe. Mg substitution enables greater reversibility of the Fe3+/Fe4+ redox couple and significantly suppresses Fe migration, which is responsible for the voltage and capacity fade observed for P2‐Na0.67Fe0.5Mn0.5O2.
Diastolic flow in the left ventricular outflow tract – A normal physiological and underappreciated echocardiographic finding
Authors: Cowie Brian , Costello Ben , Wright Leah , Janssens Kristel , Howden Erin , Flannery Darragh , Foulkes Steve , Kluger Roman , Gerche Andre La 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeDiastolic waveforms in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) are commonly observed with Doppler echocardiography. The incidence and mechanism are not well described.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study of 186 adult patients, athletes and non‐athletes, free of known cardiac disease, presenting for comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography at a research institute. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and echocardiographic associations between LVOT diastolic waveforms.ResultsLeft ventricular outflow tract early to mid‐diastolic waveforms were present in 100% of athletes and 95% of non‐athletes. The LVOT diastolic velocity time integral was larger in athletes than non‐athletes with a mean 8.3 cm (95% CI (7.6–8.9)) vs. 5.1 cm (4.4–5.9) (P < 0.0001). Multivariate predictors of this diastolic waveform were age (P = 0.002), slower heart rate (P = 0.035), higher stroke volume (P = 0.003), large mitral E (P = 0.019) and higher E/e' (P = 0.015).DiscussionAn LVOT early diastolic wave is a normal physiological finding. It is related to a flow vortex redirecting diastolic mitral inflow around anterior mitral valve leaflet into the LVOT.ConclusionsEarly to mid‐diastolic LVOT waves are present in almost all patients but more prominent in young athletes than non‐athletes. Diastolic LVOT waves increase with younger age, slower heart rate, larger stroke volume and enhanced diastolic function.
Exploring the Lived Experience of Families Waiting for Surgical Patients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Pustinger Laurie , Burchill Christian N. , Stetz Kristin , Distelhorst Karen S. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTFamily‐centered care is an important aspect of perioperative nursing, especially during the perioperative waiting period that separates patients from their families or significant others. However, there is a lack of understanding on what waiting means to family members or significant others. In this hermeneutic phenomenological study, we explored the lived experiences of family members waiting for surgical patients. We identified a shared experience during waiting that we called a “time to focus on self.” We identified five supporting themes that shaped this meaning of waiting: the environment, activities, communication, expectations, and feelings. The perioperative waiting experience may be a necessary time of self‐reflection and self‐care for family members when responsibilities for loved ones are temporarily on hold. Perioperative nurses can provide family‐centered interventions to address the physical and emotional needs of individuals who are waiting and improve their experience.
Phosphoproteome reveals molecular mechanisms of aberrant rhythm in neurotransmitter‐mediated islet hormone secretion in diabetic mice
Authors: He Yunqiang , Fu Qi , Sun Min , Qian Yu , Liang Yucheng , Zhang Jie , Gao Rui , Jiang Hemin , Dai Hao , Liu Yuwei , Xu Xinyu , Chen Heng , Xu Kuanfeng , Yang Tao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE) are representative neurotransmitters of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, respectively, that antagonize each other to coregulate internal body functions. This also includes the control of different kinds of hormone secretion from pancreatic islets. However, the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, and whether innervation in islets is abnormal in diabetes mellitus also remains unclear.Methods and resultsImmunofluorescence colocalization and islet perfusion were performed and the results demonstrated that ACh/NE and their receptors were highly expressed in islet and rapidly regulated different hormones secretion. Phosphorylation is considered an important posttranslational modification in islet innervation and it was identified by quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses in this study. The phosphorylated islet proteins were found involved in many biological and pathological processes, such as synaptic signalling transduction, calcium channel opening and insulin signalling pathway. Then, the kinases were predicted by motif analysis and further screened and verified by kinase‐specific siRNAs in different islet cell lines (αTC1‐6, Min6 and TGP52). After functional verification, Ksr2 and Pkacb were considered the key kinases of ACh and NE in insulin secretion, and Cadps, Mlxipl and Pdcd4 were the substrates of these kinases measured by immunofluorescence co‐staining. Then, the decreased expression of receptors, kinases and substrates of ACh and NE were found in diabetic mice and the aberrant rhythm in insulin secretion could be improved by combined interventions on key receptors (M3 (pilocarpine) or α2a (guanfacine)) and kinases (Ksr2 or Pkacb).ConclusionsAbnormal innervation was closely associated with the degree of islet dysfunction in diabetic mice and the aberrant rhythm in insulin secretion could be ameliorated significantly after intervention with key receptors and kinases in the early stage of diabetes mellitus, which may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetes mellitus in the future.
Assessment and application of an alternative formula to describe the hydraulic conductivity over the full moisture range
Authors: Luo Zhaoyang , Kong Jun , Yao Lili , Luo Yuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMotivated by a versatile three‐parameter water retention curve (WRC) formula of Fredlund and Xing, we proposed an alternative expression to describe the relative hydraulic conductivity (RHC) for soils that can capture oven‐dry to water‐saturated conditions (full moisture range) with a single, closed‐form equation (without having to explicitly partitioning the capillary and film flow components). This RHC expression was tested using an existing data set that includes a wide range of soil textures, and shown to be more accurate than the other two RHC expressions. Subsequently, the new RHC expression was combined with the WRC formula of Fredlund and Xing, generating an alternative model (hereafter called the FL model) applicable to describe soil hydraulic properties over the full moisture range. The FL model requires both the known WRC and RHC data since three additional fitting parameters are involved in the present RHC expression. Furthermore, the FL model was employed in a HYDRUS‐1D numerical model for simulating the soil moisture redistribution within a lysimeter. The numerical simulation with using the FL model can accurately predict the moisture redistribution, in turn confirming the validity of the FL model despite without partitioning the capillary and film flow components.
Comparison between the difficulty of laparoscopic limited liver resections of tumors located in segment 7 versus segment 8: An international multicenter propensity‐score matched study
Authors: Efanov Mikhail , Salimgereeva Diana , Alikhanov Ruslan , Wu Andrew G. R. , Geller David , Cipriani Federica , Aghayan Davit L. , Fretland Asmund Avdem , Sijberden Jasper , Belli Andrea , Marino Marco V. , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Chiow Adrian K. H. , Sucandy Iswanto , Ivanecz Arpad , Choi Sung Hoon , Lee Jae Hoon , Prieto Mikel , Vivarelli Marco , Giuliante Felice , Ruzzenente Andrea , Yong Chee‐Chien , Fondevila Constantino , Rotellar Fernando , Choi Gi‐Hong , Robless Campos Ricardo , Wang Xiaoying , Sutcliffe Robert P. , Pratschke Johann , Lai Eric , Chong Charing C. , D'Hondt Mathieu , Monden Kazuteru , Lopez‐Ben Santiago , Herman Paulo , Di Benedetto Fabrizio , Kingham T. Peter , Liu Rong , Long Tran Cong duy , Ferrero Alessandro , Levi Sandri Giovanni Battista , Cherqui Daniel , Scatton Olivier , Wakabayashi Go , Troisi Roberto I. , Cheung Tan‐To , Sugioka Atsushi , Han Ho‐Seong , Abu Hilal Mohammad , Soubrane Olivier , Fuks David , Aldrighetti Luca , Edwin Bjorn , Goh Brian K. P. ,   International Robotic and Laparoscopic Liver Resection Study Group Investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPresently, according to different difficulty scoring systems, there is no difference in complexity estimation of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) of segments 7 and 8. However, there is no published data supporting this assumption. To date, no studies have compared the outcomes of laparoscopic parenchyma‐sparing resection of the liver segments 7 and 8.MethodsA post hoc analysis of patients undergoing LLR of segments 7 and 8 in 46 centers between 2004 and 2020 was performed. 1:1 Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compare isolated LLR of segments 7 and 8. Subset analyses were also performed to compare atypical resections and segmentectomies of 7 and 8.ResultsA total of 2411 patients were identified, and 1691 patients met the inclusion criteria. Comparison after PSM between the entire cohort of segment 7 and segment 8 resections revealed inferior results for segment 7 resection in terms of increased blood loss, blood transfusions, and conversions to open surgery. Subset analyses of only atypical resections similarly demonstrated poorer outcomes for segment 7 in terms of increased blood loss, operation time, blood transfusions, and conversions to open surgery. Conversely, a subgroup analysis of segmentectomies after PSM found better outcomes for segment 7 in terms of a shorter operation time and hospital stay.ConclusionDifferences in the outcomes of segments 7 and 8 resections suggest a greater difficulty of laparoscopic atypical resection of segment 7 compared to segment 8, and greater difficulty of segmentectomy 8 compared to segmentectomy 7.
Eye movement disorders in inborn errors of metabolism: A quantitative analysis of 37 patients
Authors: Koens Lisette H. , Tuitert Inge , Blokzijl Hans , Engelen Marc , Klouwer Femke C. C. , Lange Fiete , Leen Wilhelmina G. , Lunsing Roelineke J. , Koelman Johannes H. T. M. , Verrips Aad , de Koning Tom J. , Tijssen Marina A. J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInborn errors of metabolism are genetic disorders that need to be recognized as early as possible because treatment may be available. In late‐onset forms, core symptoms are movement disorders, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairment. Eye movement disorders are considered to be frequent too, although specific knowledge is lacking. We describe and analyze eye movements in patients with an inborn error of metabolism, and see whether they can serve as an additional clue in the diagnosis of particularly late‐onset inborn errors of metabolism. Demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment data were collected. All patients underwent a standardized videotaped neurological examination and a video‐oculography. Videos are included. We included 37 patients with 15 different inborn errors of metabolism, including 18 patients with a late‐onset form. With the exception of vertical supranuclear gaze palsy in Niemann‐Pick type C and external ophthalmolplegia in Kearns‐Sayre syndrome, no relation was found between the type of eye movement disorder and the underlying metabolic disorder. Movement disorders were present in 29 patients (78%), psychiatric symptoms in 14 (38%), and cognitive deficits in 26 patients (70%). In 87% of the patients with late‐onset disease, eye movement disorders were combined with one or more of these core symptoms. To conclude, eye movement disorders are present in different types of inborn errors of metabolism, but are often not specific to the underlying disorder. However, the combination of eye movement disorders with movement disorders, psychiatric symptoms, or cognitive deficits can serve as a diagnostic clue for an underlying late‐onset inborn error of metabolism.
The impact of waiting on customer‐instigated service time: Field evidence from a live‐chat contact center
Authors: Ilk Noyan , Shang Guangzhi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is well known that the waiting time a customer experiences in a service system is determined by the service processing time of preceding customers, among other factors. We argue that a directionally opposite effect, which diffuses from waiting time to her own service time, also exists in co‐productive service contexts where a significant fraction of the service time is contributed by the customer. Multiple underlying customer behavioral mechanisms lead us to hypothesize that waiting's impact is dependent on the service stage and magnifies as the service process approaches completion. Our empirical analysis uses a unique operational data set that combines server log information with instant‐messaging transcripts collected from a live‐chat contact center. We show that pre‐service waiting accelerates customer engagement—one dimension of customer instigated service time—only at the beginning of the conversation and then exhibits a slowdown effect as the conversation proceeds. In contrast, in‐service waiting consistently slows down customer responses—another dimension of customer instigated service time, the magnitude of which is higher in later episodes of the agent‐customer message exchanges. We discuss the practical implications of our findings on operational policies employed in contact centers.
On a degenerate singular elliptic problem
Authors: Garain Prashanta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article we provide existence, uniqueness and regularity results of a degenerate singular elliptic boundary value problem whose prototype is given by
where Ω is a bounded smooth domain in with , w belongs to the Muckenhoupt class for some , f is a nonnegative function belonging to some Lebesgue space and .
A minimum SNR criterion for computed tomography object detection in the projection domain
Authors: Hsieh Scott S. , Leng Shuai , Yu Lifeng , Huber Nathan R. , McCollough Cynthia H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundA common rule of thumb for object detection is the Rose criterion, which states that a signal must be five standard deviations above background to be detectable to a human observer. The validity of the Rose criterion in CT imaging is limited due to the presence of correlated noise. Recent reconstruction and denoising methodologies are also able to restore apparent image quality in very noisy conditions, and the ultimate limits of these methodologies are not yet known.PurposeTo establish a lower bound on the minimum achievable signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) for object detection, below which detection performance is poor regardless of reconstruction or denoising methodology.MethodsWe consider a numerical observer that operates on projection data and has perfect knowledge of the background and the objects to be detected, and determine the minimum projection SNR that is necessary to achieve predetermined lesion‐level sensitivity and case‐level specificity targets. We define a set of discrete signal objects that encompasses any lesion of interest and could include lesions of different sizes, shapes, and locations. The task is to determine which object of is present, or to state the null hypothesis that no object is present. We constrain each object in to have equivalent projection SNR and use Monte Carlo methods to calculate the required projection SNR necessary. Because our calculations are performed in projection space, they impose an upper limit on the performance possible from reconstructed images. We chose to be a collection of elliptical or circular low contrast metastases and simulated detection of these objects in a parallel beam system with Gaussian statistics. Unless otherwise stated, we assume a target of 80% lesion‐level sensitivity and 80% case‐level specificity and a search field of view that is 6 cm by 6 cm by 10 slices.ResultsWhen contains only a single object, our problem is equivalent to two‐alternative forced choice (2AFC) and the required projection SNR is 1.7. When consists of circular 6‐mm lesions at different locations in space, the required projection SNR is 5.1. When is extended to include ellipses and circles of different sizes, the required projection SNR increases to 5.3. The required SNR increases if the sensitivity target, specificity target, or search field of view increases.ConclusionsEven with perfect knowledge of the background and target objects, the ideal observer still requires an SNR of approximately 5. This is a lower bound on the SNR that would be required in real conditions, where the background and target objects are not known perfectly. Algorithms that denoise lesions with less than 5 projection SNR, regardless of the denoising methodology, are expected to show vanishing effects or false positive lesions.