bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsive Neurostimulation Targeting the Anterior, Centromedian and Pulvinar Thalamic Nuclei and the Detection of Electrographic Seizures in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients
Authors: Beaudreault Cameron P. , Muh Carrie R. , Naftchi Alexandria , Spirollari Eris , Das Ankita , Vazquez Sima , Sukul Vishad V. , Overby Philip J. , Tobias Michael E. , McGoldrick Patricia E. , Wolf Steven M. 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundResponsive neurostimulation (RNS System) has been utilized as a treatment for intractable epilepsy. The RNS System delivers stimulation in response to detected abnormal activity, via leads covering the seizure foci, in response to detections of predefined epileptiform activity with the goal of decreasing seizure frequency and severity. While thalamic leads are often implanted in combination with cortical strip leads, implantation and stimulation with bilateral thalamic leads alone is less common, and the ability to detect electrographic seizures using RNS System thalamic leads is uncertain.ObjectiveThe present study retrospectively evaluated fourteen patients with RNS System depth leads implanted in the thalamus, with or without concomitant implantation of cortical strip leads, to determine the ability to detect electrographic seizures in the thalamus. Detailed patient presentations and lead trajectories were reviewed alongside electroencephalographic (ECoG) analyses.ResultsAnterior nucleus thalamic (ANT) leads, whether bilateral or unilateral and combined with a cortical strip lead, successfully detected and terminated epileptiform activity, as demonstrated by Cases 2 and 3. Similarly, bilateral centromedian thalamic (CMT) leads or a combination of one centromedian thalamic alongside a cortical strip lead also demonstrated the ability to detect electrographic seizures as seen in Cases 6 and 9. Bilateral pulvinar leads likewise produced reliable seizure detection in Patient 14. Detections of electrographic seizures in thalamic nuclei did not appear to be affected by whether the patient was pediatric or adult at the time of RNS System implantation. Sole thalamic leads paralleled the combination of thalamic and cortical strip leads in terms of preventing the propagation of electrographic seizures.ConclusionThalamic nuclei present a promising target for detection and stimulation via the RNS System for seizures with multifocal or generalized onsets. These areas provide a modifiable, reversible therapeutic option for patients who are not candidates for surgical resection or ablation.
Prolonged Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation Can Regulate Sensitivity on Aβ Fibers: An Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Li Chong , Zhang Nannan , Han Qiong , Zhang Lifang , Xu Shuo , Tu Shuting , Xie Yong , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveHigh-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induces analgesic effects in both experimental pain and clinical pain conditions. However, whether rTMS can modulate sensory and pain thresholds on sensory fibers is still unclear. Here, we compared the effects of three rTMS paradigms on sensory and pain thresholds conducted by different sensory fibers (Aβ, Aδ, and C fibers) with sham stimulation and investigate the potential brain activation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).MethodsForty right-handed healthy subjects were randomly allocated into one of four groups. Each subject received one session rTMS [prolonged continuous theta-burst stimulation (pcTBS), intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS), 10 Hz rTMS or sham]. Current perception threshold (CPT), pain tolerance threshold (PTT), and fNIRS were measured at baseline, immediately after stimulation, and 1 h after stimulation, respectively.ResultsSignificant differences between treatments were observed for changes for CPT 2,000 Hz between baseline and 1 h after rTMS (F = 6.551, P &lt; 0.001): pcTBS versus sham (P = 0.004) and pcTBS versus 10 Hz rTMS (P = 0.007). There were significant difference in average HbO μm in the right frontopolar cortex (FPC) [channel 23: P = 0.030 (pcTBS versus sham: P = 0.036)], left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) [channel 7: P = 0.006 (pcTBS versus sham: P = 0.004)], left FPC [channel 17: P = 0.014 (pcTBS versus sham: P = 0.046), channel 22: P = 0.004 (pcTBS versus sham: P = 0.004)] comparing four group in 1 h after stimulation in PTT 2000 Hz (Aβ-fiber).ConclusionProlonged continuous theta-burst stimulation can regulate sensitivity on Aβ fibers. In addition, single-session pcTBS placed on left M1 can increase the excitability of DLPFC and FPC, indicating the interaction between M1 and prefrontal cortex may be a potential mechanism of analgesic effect of rTMS. Studies in patients with central post-stroke pain are required to confirm the potential clinical applications of pcTBS.
Safety of Therapeutic Apheresis in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Taylan Christina , Schaaf Anne , Dorn Corina , Schmitt Claus Peter , Loos Sebastian , Kanzelmeyer Nele , Pape Lars , Müller Dominik , Weber Lutz T. , Thumfart Julia 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundTherapeutic apheresis (TA) is based on the principles of either removing dissolved pathogenic substances (e.g., antibodies) from the blood plasma or replacing plasma factors. It expands the therapeutic scope for a variety of diseases. Safety analysis in the pediatric field are scant. The aim of this analysis was to analyze specific complications of TA modalities – plasma exchange (PE) and immunoadsorption (IA) – in children and adolescents.MethodsChildren and adolescents (n = 298) who had received TA from 2008 to 2018 in five pediatric nephrology centers were analyzed retrospectively. In total, 4.004 treatments (2.287 PE and 1.717 IA) were evaluated.ResultsIndications for TA were mainly nephrological and neurological diseases. The three main indications were antibody-mediated graft rejection (13.4%), hemolytic uremic syndrome mainly with neurological involvement (12.8%), and AB0-incompatible transplantation (11.7%). Complications developed in 440 of the 4004 sessions (11%), of which one third were non-specific (nausea, headache). IA was better tolerated than PE. Complications were reported in 9.5% (n = 163) of the IA versus 12.1% (277) of the PE sessions (p &lt; 0.001). When considering different types of complications, significantly more non-specific/non-allergic events (p = 0.02) and allergic reactions occurred in PE sessions (p &lt; 0.001). More complications occurred with PE, when using fresh frozen plasma (16.2%; n = 145) in comparison to human albumin (14.5%; n = 115) (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsTherapeutic apheresis in childhood and adolescence is a safe treatment procedure. IA showed a lower complication rate than PE. Therefore, IA may be preferably provided if the underlying disease pathomechanisms do not require PE.
Positional Context of Myonuclear Transcription During Injury-Induced Muscle Regeneration
Authors: Buckley Kole H. , Nestor-Kalinoski Andrea L. , Pizza Francis X. 
Published: April 2022

Fundamental aspects underlying downstream processes of skeletal muscle regeneration, such as myonuclear positioning and transcription are poorly understood. This investigation begins to address deficiencies in knowledge by examining the kinetics of myonuclear accretion, positioning, and global transcription during injury-induced muscle regeneration in mice. We demonstrate that myonuclear accretion plateaus within 7 days of an injury and that the majority (∼70%) of myonuclei are centrally aligned in linear arrays (nuclear chains) throughout the course of regeneration. Relatively few myonuclei were found in a peripheral position (∼20%) or clustered (∼10%) together during regeneration. Importantly, transcriptional activity of individual myonuclei in nuclear chains was high, and greater than that of peripheral or clustered myonuclei. Transcription occurring primarily in nuclear chains elevated the collective transcriptional activity of regenerating myofibers during the later stage of regeneration. Importantly, the number of myonuclei in chains and their transcriptional activity were statistically correlated with an increase in myofiber size during regeneration. Our findings demonstrate the positional context of transcription during regeneration and highlight the importance of centralized nuclear chains in facilitating hypertrophy of regenerating myofibers after injury.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals With Pre-existing Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in the State of Qatar: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Siddiqui Maryam , Wadoo Ovais , Currie James , Alabdulla Majid , Al Siaghy Areej , AlSiddiqi Abdulkarim , Khalaf Eslam , Chandra Prem , Reagu Shuja 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPublished evidence about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is conflicting. Most studies suggest an increase in the severity of OCD in people with pre-existing OCD, whereas some do not.AimGiven the conflicting evidence globally and lack of data from the Arab world, we aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on obsessive-compulsive symptoms in adults with pre-existing OCD.MethodsA telephonic questionnaire-based cross-sectional study among adults with pre-existing OCD and specifically with fear of contamination and washing compulsions being major symptom dimensions of OCD. The severity of OCD during the pandemic was compared with their pre-pandemic scores. The severity of OCD was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS).ResultsThose with the duration of diagnosis of OCD of&lt;10 years showed a statistically significant increase in the mean YBOCS score of 5.54 from pre-pandemic to during pandemic, which was significant at p = 0.006. This significance was maintained across the Compulsive and Obsessive subsets of the scale.ConclusionAdults with pre-existing OCD with fear of contamination reported a statistically significant increase in severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms only if the duration of their OCD diagnosis was relatively shorter (&lt;10 years). In the context of the conflicting evidence regarding the worsening of OCD symptoms due to the unique infection control measures of this pandemic, this study highlights the importance of the impact of the duration of the disorder and the subtype of the disorder. Such classification might help public health resources to be directed better at those most at risk and also help us understand the very nature of this disorder better.
It Takes Two to Tango: How the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign in Israel Was Framed by the Health Ministry vs. the Television News
Authors: Gesser-Edelsburg Anat , Hijazi Rana , Cohen Ricky 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe internet has become a major resource in information transfer during COVID-19, and traditional means of communication are digitized and accessible online to the public at large.ObjectivesThis study seeks to examine how Israel's two main television news channels (Channel 12 and Channel 13) covered the Covid-19 vaccination campaign, compared to how the Ministry of Health ran the campaign.MethodsA qualitative study based on triangulation of online content analyses from three different sources: advertising campaigns, social media posts and reports on television news channels. The research sample included 252 reports from the newsrooms of Channel 13 (n = 151) and Channel N12 (n = 101), Israel's two leading news channels, all broadcast between December 1, 2020 and November 30, 2021. The sample also included posts from Israel Ministry of Health Facebook page and advertising campaigns from the Facebook page of the Israel Government Advertising Agency (LAPAM), which constructs advertising campaigns for the MOH (113 items).ResultsThe research findings reveal congruence between the way the MOH framed its vaccination campaign and news coverage of the vaccination issue. The vaccination campaign used three primary framing strategies: (1) positive framing (emphasizing the vaccine's advantages and stressing that the vaccine is safe and effective based on cost-benefit calculations and public health perspectives); (2) fear appeal strategy (conveying persuasive messages that seek to arouse fear through threats of impending danger or harm); (3) attribution of responsibility strategy (blaming the unvaccinated and targeting all those who criticized Israel's generic vaccination policy).ConclusionAs the watchdog of democracy, the news should function as a professional and objective source that criticizes government systems if necessary and strives to uncover the truth throughout the crisis. Public trust, which is so essential during such a crisis, can be achieved only if the news channels provide reports and meaningful journalistic investigations that challenge the system. By doing so, they can help fight conflicts of interest that divert management of the crisis from the professional health field to the political-economic arena.
Сучасні концепції потерпілого від кримінального правопорушення в теорії кримінального права
Authors: Ткаченко І. 
Published: April 2022

У статті проаналізовано сучасні концепції потерпілого від кримінального правопорушення в теорії кримінального права: «потерпілий – фізична особа», «потерпілий – фізична та юридична особа», «потерпілий – будь-який соціальний суб’єкт». Визначено їх переваги та недоліки. Встановлено, що кардинальний вплив на поняття потерпілого в кримінальному праві відіграли положення КПК України 1960 та 2012 рр. Аргументовано, що нині у теорії кримінального права сформувалися передумови для закріплення в КК України визначення потерпілої особи, яке буде включати не лише фізичну, але й юридичну особу. Така концепція узгоджується з положенням кримінального, кримінального процесуального та цивільного законодавства, знайшла підтримку серед вчених, а також покладена в основу удосконалення відповідних положень закону про кримінальну відповідальність в проєкті нового КК України. Фізичні та юридичні особи є первинними ланками інших соціальних суб’єктів, зокрема держави та суспільства.
Європейська інтеграція та виборча система України
Authors: Пирога І. , Кадебська Е. 
Published: April 2022

У статті проаналізовано прийнятий Верховною Радою України Виборчий кодекс в частині виборів народних депутатів. Історія з його ухваленням нагадує справжній заплутаний детектив. Не секрет, що саме виборчі правила гри завжди розглядалися українськими політиками як спосіб знайти найбільш вдалі конфігурації для посилення власного впливу – особливо для тих політсил, які перебувають при владі. Запропоновано внести наступні зміни: повністю відкрити регіональні списки, змінити систему підрахунку голосів, ввести поняття імперативного мандату.
Rancangan Strategi Penanganan Risiko Pada Proyek PLTM (Pembangkit Listrik Mini Hidro) di Indonesia
Authors: Sapphiro Hanif Ramdhani Rachmadi , Nugraha Made Arya , Widjanarka Alain , Kurniawan Jeffrey 
Published: April 2022

This research discusses the design of risk management strategies in MHP projects in Indonesia. MHP is a type of power plant that uses hydropower to turn turbines for generate an electricity. The MHP project involves a large investment with a long construction period. The length of the construction time, creates an uncertainty factor that impacts on three aspects of the project objectives. The objective aspects of the project are cost, quality, and time. Several MHP projects in Indonesia have underperformed, such as delays in completion time and cost overruns. The risk management process, which consists of risk identification, risk assessment, risk management formulation and risk control, forms the basis of research work. In this study, 23 risks were identified in the MHP project. Fifteen of them have high impact on two aspects and three have high impact on three aspects of project objectives. The results of this study can be used as a guide for risk management in MHP projects in Indonesia. The results of this study can be used as a guide for risk management in MHP projects in Indonesia. It is hoped that the design of this strategy will also help the project to achieve its goals. Furthermore, the results of this research can be used as learning materials in planning the development of MHP in the future.
Comparative Analysis of the Results of Testing Clinical Samples for Genital Mycoplasma Using the Test Systems "Mycoplasma IST2" and "Mycoplasma IES"
Authors: Хилькевич Н.Д. , Сухобокова Н.Н. 
Published: April 2022

В последние годы в диагностике генитальных микоплазменных инфекций Mycoplasma hominis и Ureaplasma urealyticum большую популярность приобрели тест-системы, основанные на культивировании указанных микроорганизмов на специальных полистироловых панелях. В данном исследовании проанализированы результаты культивирования возбудителей с использованием тест-систем «Mycoplasma-IST2» (2689 анализов) и «Mycoplasma-IЕS» (427 анализов). Объектом исследования были амбулаторные пациенты мужского и женского пола, обратившиеся для обследования на ИППП. Результаты исследования выявили дискордантность показателей, полученных при диагностике генитальных микоплазмозов двумя тест-системами. Статистически значимые расхождения получены по частоте обнаружения в общей популяции возбудителя M. hominis: 4,4% по тест-системе «Mycoplasma-IST2» и 7,7% по «Mycoplasma-IЕS» (p<0,01). В противоположность этому показатели по возбудителю U. urealyticum оказались сходными – 33,2% и 32,6% соответственно (р>0,05). Выявлены существенные различия в результатах определения тест-системами резистентных штаммов возбудителей к таким антибиотикам, как тетрациклин, эритромицин, кларитромицин и офлоксацин (p<0,01). С учетом всего перечисленного можно делать вывод об отсутствии эквивалентности в полученных лабораторных показателях двух тест-систем.
In recent years, test systems based on the cultivation of genital Mycoplasma infections Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum on special polystyrene panels have become very popular in the diagnosis of these microorganisms. In this study, the results of culturing pathogens using the test systems "Mycoplasma-IST2" (2689 analyses) and "Mycoplasma-IES" (427 analyses) were analyzed. The object of the study was male and female outpatient patients who applied for STItesting. The results of the study revealed discordance of indicators obtained in the diagnosis of genital mycoplasmosis by two test systems. Statistically significant differences were obtained in the frequency of detection in the general population of the M. hominis pathogen: 4.4% for the test system "Mycoplasma-IST2" and 7.7% for "Mycoplasma-IES" (p<0.01). In contrast, the indicators for the pathogen U. urealyticum were similar – 33.2% and 32.6%, respectively (p>0.05). The results of determining test systems of resistant strains of pathogens to such antibiotics as tetracycline, erythromycin, clarithromycin and ofloxacin differ significantly (p<0.01). Taking into account all the above mentioned, we can conclude that there is no equivalence in the obtained laboratory parameters of the two test systems.
Peutz – Jeghers Syndrome: Problems of Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Солметова М.Н. , Ваисов А.Ш. , Алиев А.Ш. , Умаров Ж.М. 
Published: April 2022

В статье приведены этиология, патогенез, а также дерматоскопические и клинические разновидности синдрома Пейтца – Егерса и описан собственный клинический случай синдрома у девочки 8 лет, показывающий сложности диагностики и лечения. Как известно, диагностика и лечение синдрома Пейтца – Егерса захватывает сразу три разноплановые клинические дисциплины: онкологию, дерматологию и хирургию. У пациентов существенно повышен риск развития в будущем рака желудочно-кишечного тракта и другой его локализации – рака поджелудочной железы, желудка, тонкой кишки и толстой кишки, реже – рака молочной железы, легкого, матки, яичников и яичек. Авторами проведена серьезная работа: исчерпывающее диагностическое исследование, даны рекомендации по лечебно-охранительному режиму, подробно освещена тактика поведения родителей ребенка в случае будущих осложнений. Немаловажны алгоритмы поведения каждого специалиста. Данная статья отражает реально проделанную работу в соответствии с современными протоколами и может являться примером правильного ведения пациентов с редкими дерматологическими патологиями, требующего междисциплинарного подхода.
The etiology, pathogenesis, as well as dermatoscopic and clinical varieties of Peutz – Jeghers syndrome are presented in the article and a clinical case of the syndrome in an 8-year-old girl is described, which shows the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment. It is known that the diagnosis and treatment of Peutz – Jeghers syndrome immediately captures three diverse clinical disciplines: oncology, dermatology, and surgery. Patients have a significantly increased risk of developing gastrointestinal cancer in the future and its other localization: cancer of the pancreas, stomach, small intestine and colon, less commonly – cancer of the breast, lung, uterus, ovaries, and testicles. The authors carried out serious work: an exhaustive diagnostic study, recommendations on a medical-protective regimen are given, tactics of the behavior of the parents of the child in case of future complications are described in detail. Algorithms of behavior of each specialist are important. This article reflects the real work done in accordance with modern protocols, and can be an example of the proper management of patients with rare dermatological pathologies, requiring an interdisciplinary approach.
Level of Psychosocial stress in Women with Alcohol Addiction
Authors: Дудко Т.Н. , Овдиенко В.Б. 
Published: April 2022

Цель исследования. Установить характер влияния уровня психосоциального стресса и социальной адаптации на особенности клиники и течения алкогольной зависимости у женщин, их реабилитационный потенциал.Материалы и методы. Обследовано 84 женщины с алкогольной зависимостью (средний возраст – 45,1 [39; 50] года) со средней стадией заболевания. Всем пациентам проводился кли нический опрос, осмотр, наблюдение; исследовался уровень психосоциального стресса, оценивались их когнитивные функции, личностные особенности и уровень реабилитационного потенциала.Результаты. Напряженность социальной адаптации у обследованных пациентов была связана с преобладанием в их жизни в течение года перед настоящей госпитализацией преимущественно эмоционально отрицательных жизненных воздействий, ухудшающих различные аспекты их жизни. Увеличение уровня психосоциального стресса приводило к статистически значимому ускорению прогредиентности заболевания, укорочению периодов воздержания от алкоголя и снижению уровня реабилитационного потенциала пациентов.Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о влиянии психосоциального стресса на ряд клинических характеристик алкогольной зависимости у женщин и необходимости воздействовать на данный фактор с целью пролонгирования ремиссий и повышения реабилитационного потенциала пациентов.
Purpose of research. to analyze the impact of the level of psychosocial stress and social adaptation on the features of clinical manifestations and course of alcohol addiction in women, their rehabilitation potential.Materials and methods. We examined 84 women with alcohol addiction (average age – 45.1 [39; 50] years) with the middle stage of disease. all patients underwent clinical survey, medical examination, observation; the level of psychosocial stress was studied, their cognitive functions, personal characteristics, and the level of rehabilitation potential were evaluated.Results. the tension of social adaptation among the examined patients was associated with the predominance of mostly emotionally negative life impacts in their lives during the year before the present hospitalization, which worsen various aspects of their lives. the increase of the level of psychosocial stress led to statistically significant acceleration of disease progression, shortening the periods of abstinence from alcohol and reducing the level of rehabilitation potential of patients.Conclusion. the obtained data indicate the influence of the level of psychosocial stress on the number of clinical characteristics of alcohol addiction among women and the need to influence this factor in order to increase the rehabilitation potential of patients.