bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rockburst and Gas Outburst Forecasting using a Probabilistic Risk Assessment Framework in Longwall Top Coal Caving Faces
Authors: Agrawal Harshit , Durucan Sevket , Cao Wenzhuo , Korre Anna , Shi Ji-Quan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA probabilistic risk assessment framework was developed to mathematically represent the complex engineering phenomena of rock bursts and gas outbursts for a heterogeneous coal seam. An innovative object-based non-conditional simulation approach was used to distribute lithological heterogeneity present in the coal seam to respect their geological origin. The changing mining conditions during longwall top coal caving mining (LTCC) were extracted from a coupled numerical model to provide statistically sufficient data for probabilistic analysis. The complex interdependencies among abutment stress, pore pressure, the volume of total gas emission and incremental energy release rate, their stochastic variations and uncertainty were realistically implemented in the GoldSim software, and 100,000 equally likely scenarios were simulated using the Monte Carlo method to determine the probability of rock bursts and gas outbursts. The results obtained from the analysis incorporate the variability in mechanical, elastic and reservoir properties of coal due to lithological heterogeneity and result in the probability of the occurrence of rock bursts, coal and gas outbursts, and safe mining conditions. The framework realistically represents the complex mining environment, is resilient and results are reliable. The framework is generic and can be suitably modified to be used in different underground mining scenarios, overcoming the limitations of earlier empirical indices used.
Elevated manganese concentrations in groundwater wells after longtime abstraction with bank filtration: developing and testing of a sorption model for Ringerike waterworks, Norway
Authors: Stenvik Lars A. , Hilmo Bernt Olav , Frengstad Bjørn S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGroundwater abstraction wells located in aquifers hydraulically connected with rivers or lakes will induce bank filtration if the water level in the aquifer is lowered below the surface-water level. Many groundwater works utilize this induced infiltration to increase the abstraction capacity of their wells. Unfortunately, infiltration of organic-rich surface water may alter the aquifer’s redox geochemistry, and mobilize iron and/or manganese. Ringerike groundwater works in southeastern Norway operates with bank filtration. Manganese concentrations in the abstracted water began to increase 19 years after the start of operations, and stabilized at an elevated level 8 years later. The estimated manganese retardation (Rsorp = 45±18) from a simplified advection-sorption model is comparable to the observed manganese retardation range 36 < Robs < 50, assuming a groundwater residence time tgw ~200 days. The advection-sorption model is based on limited sediment composition and hydrochemical data, which introduces significant uncertainty to Rsorp. However, Rsorp and Robs in the same range, and the good fit between PHREEQC simulated and observed data, indicates that sorption is a possible explanation for the delayed breakthrough of elevated manganese concentrations in Ringerike waterworks’ production wells. Comparable bank filtration schemes are advised to establish observation well(s) between the bank filtration and production well field for early detection of sorption fronts. This would facilitate (1) longer time available for remediation measures and their evaluation, and (2) less manganese to be desorbed during the remediation stage.
Feasibility and diagnostics of the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Aiello Edoardo Nicolò , Solca Federica , Torre Silvia , Carelli Laura , Ferrucci Roberta , Priori Alberto , Verde Federico , Ticozzi Nicola , Silani Vincenzo , Poletti Barbara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The
present study aimed at evaluating the diagnostic properties of the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) in non-demented ALS patients by addressing the Edinburgh Cognitive Behavioural ALS Screen (ECAS) as the gold standard, as well as by examining the association between its administrability and scores with motor-functional measures.

Materials
N = 348 consecutive patients were administered the ECAS and FAB. Disease severity (ALSFRS-R), duration, progression rate (ΔFS), and stages (via King’s and Milano-Torino systems) were considered. Administrability rates and prevalence of below-cut-off FAB scores were compared across clinical stages; regression models allowed to test whether, net of the ECAS-Total, motor features predicted the probability of the FAB not being administrable and of a defective FAB score. Intrinsic and post-test diagnostics were explored against a combined defective ECAS-Executive and ECAS-Fluency scores.

Results
85.3% of patients managed to complete the FAB. FAB administrability rates decreased with advanced clinical stages, whereas the prevalence of below-cut-off FAB scores did not. The probability of the FAB not being administrable was predicted only by lower ALSFRS-R-bulbar and ALSFRS-R-upper-limb scores; no motor features, but the ECAS-Total, predicted a below-cut-off performance on the FAB. Raw and adjusted FAB scores showed high accuracy (AUC = .85 and .81, respectively) and good intrinsic and post-test properties.

Discussion
The FAB is featured by optimal diagnostics for detecting executive deficits in ALS, provided that it can be administered according to its original, standardized procedure, and thus that patients have sufficiently spared motor abilities to complete the test.
Gendered (im)mobility: emotional decisions of staying in the context of climate risks in Bangladesh
Authors: Tripathy Furlong Basundhara , Adams Helen , Boas Ingrid , Warner Jeroen , Van Dijk Han 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Immobility in the context of climate change and environmental risks is understudied, particularly its relation to gender. In this article, we further understanding of immobility to include the gendered influences on potential of people to decide non-movement, decipher meanings that are attached with it and explore how it relates to mobility. We analyse emotions of women and men with different mobility experiences, reflecting their ideas of home, risk perceptions and construction of identity that are informed by gender and central to understanding immobility. Through ethnographic data collected in Bangladesh, we look into details of gendered ways of experiencing immobility where male and female attitudes to staying are distinctly different, yet intersect in many ways. Our data reveal how social and cultural context (patriarchy, social norms, cultural values and shared beliefs) and personal emotions (feelings of belonging, attachment, loyalty, modesty) regulate people’s actions on immobility decisions. The decision to stay is relational, where individuals practicing mobility and immobility interact in specific contexts of climate change. The act of staying, especially for women, is dictated by degrees of freedom of want, where desires of movement might exist, but reality of fulfilling them does not. Immobility can have its limitations for women, but can also be an empowering experience for some. Thus, to better understand gendered immobility, we must explore the emotions that provide meaning to the process of staying, while recognizing its interrelationship with mobility.
Machine learning evaluation of LV outflow obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using three-chamber cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Authors: Sahota Manisha , Saraskani Sepas Ryan , Xu Hao , Li Liandong , Majeed Abdul Wahab , Hermida Uxio , Neubauer Stefan , Desai Milind , Weintraub William , Desvigne-Nickens Patrice , Schulz-Menger Jeanette , Kwong Raymond Y. , Kramer Christopher M. , Young Alistair A. , Lamata Pablo ,   the HCMR investigators
Published: October 2022

AbstractLeft ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) is common in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), but relationships between anatomical metrics and obstruction are poorly understood. We aimed to develop machine learning methods to evaluate LVOTO in HCM patients and quantify relationships between anatomical metrics and obstruction. This retrospective analysis of 1905 participants of the HCM Registry quantified 11 anatomical metrics derived from 14 landmarks automatically detected on the three-chamber long axis cine CMR images. Linear and logistic regression was used to quantify strengths of relationships with the presence of LVOTO (defined by resting Doppler pressure drop of > 30 mmHg), using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC). Intraclass correlation coefficients between the network predictions and three independent observers showed similar agreement to that between observers. The distance from anterior mitral valve leaflet tip to basal septum (AML-BS) was most highly correlated with Doppler pressure drop (R2 = 0.19, p < 10–5). Multivariate stepwise regression found the best predictive model included AML-BS, AML length to aortic valve diameter ratio, AML length to LV width ratio, and midventricular septal thickness metrics (AUC 0.84). Excluding AML-BS, metrics grouped according to septal hypertrophy, LV geometry, and AML anatomy each had similar associations with LVOTO (AUC 0.71, 0.71, 0.68 respectively, p = ns), significantly less than their combination (AUC 0.77, p < 0.05 for each). Anatomical metrics derived from a standard three-chamber CMR cine acquisition can be used to highlight risk of LVOTO, and suggest further investigation if necessary. A combination of geometric factors is required to provide the best risk prediction.
Eco-friendly and solar light-active Ti-Fe2O3 ellipsoidal capsules’ nanostructure for removal of herbicides and organic dyes
Authors: Mohamed Hanan H. , Besisa Dina H. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work, Ti-doped Fe2O3 with hollow ellipsoidal capsules nanostructure has been prepared in a green manner using plant extract (flax seed). This new green hematite nanomaterial has been evaluated as photocatalyst for water treatment by testing its activity for degradation of bromophenol blue dye (BPB) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide. For a better understanding of the green material properties, a comparison with the pristine Fe2O3 nanospheres previously prepared by the same procedure is included. Structural and optical properties of the green prepared materials are studied. The results revealed the success doping of Ti4+ at Fe3+ site, without forming any of TiO2 phases. It was also found that the Ti doping resulted in the reduction of the band gap of Fe2O3 as well as changing the morphology. The Ti-doped Fe2O3 nanomaterial exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic activity either for BPB dye or for 2,4-D degradation with more than 2 times higher rate than that using pristine Fe2O3.
Thermal convection in a Brinkman–Darcy–Kelvin–Voigt fluid with a generalized Maxwell–Cattaneo law
Authors: Straughan Brian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe investigate thoroughly a model for thermal convection of a class of viscoelastic fluids in a porous medium of Brinkman–Darcy type. The saturating fluids are of Kelvin–Voigt nature. The equations governing the temperature field arise from Maxwell–Cattaneo theory, although we include Guyer–Krumhansl terms, and we investigate the possibility of employing an objective derivative for the heat flux. The critical Rayleigh number for linear instability is calculated for both stationary and oscillatory convection. In addition a nonlinear stability analysis is carried out exactly.
Explaining Populist Attitudes: The Impact of Policy Discontent and Representation
Authors: Huber Robert A. , Jankowski Michael , Wegscheider Carsten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecently, scholars of populism have increasingly started to theorise and capture susceptibility to populism at the individual level. Most of these studies, however, focus on the consequences of populist attitudes on political behaviour. Less attention has been paid to the question of which citizens have high levels of populist attitudes and why. While some scholars argue that populist attitudes more resemble an unchangeable personality trait, meaning that individuals may be more or less populist, others argue that it is a response to outside grievances or discontent. The latter suggests that levels of populist attitudes are dynamic and may change if grievances are addressed (or remain unaddressed). We contribute to this literature by asking how discontent fuelled by unfulfilled policy preferences affects the level of populist attitudes. Following the conception of populism as a thin-centred ideology, we argue that high levels of populist attitudes are not connected with certain issues per se. Rather, our argument is that people are more populist when they feel poorly represented on policy issues that they care strongly about. This argument provides an explanation for the observation that even voters of non-populist parties sometimes show high levels of populist attitudes. We test the impact of policy discontent on populist attitudes using data from the GLES 2021 Pre-Election Cross Section survey by combining information on citizens’ issue specific discontent with the perceived salience of respective issues. The results are in line with our expectations: Individuals with higher policy discontent are more populist.
Can Leptin/Ghrelin Ratio and Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Predict Improved Insulin Resistance in Patients with Obesity Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy?
Authors: Hany Mohamed , Demerdash Hala M. , Agayby Ann Samy Shafiq , Ibrahim Mohamed , Torensma Bart 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome (MBS), a cluster of components including central obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and hypertension. IR is the major risk factor in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus in obesity and MBS. Predicting preoperatively whether a patient with obesity would have improved or non-improved IR after bariatric surgery would improve treatment decisions.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted between August 2019 and September 2021. We identified pre- and postoperative metabolic biomarkers in patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Patients were divided into two groups: group A (IR < 2.5), with improved IR, and group B (IR ≥ 2.5), with non-improved IR. A prediction model and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were used to determine the effect of metabolic biomarkers on IR.

Results
Seventy patients with obesity and MBS were enrolled. At 12-month postoperative a significant improvement in lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, and hormonal biomarkers and a significant reduction in the BMI in all patients (p = 0.008) were visible. HOMA-IR significantly decreased in 57.14% of the patients postoperatively. Significant effects on the change in HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5 were the variables; preoperative BMI, leptin, ghrelin, leptin/ghrelin ratio (LGr), insulin, and triglyceride with an OR of 1.6,1.82, 1.33, 1.69, 1.77, and 1.82, respectively (p = 0.009 towards p = 0.041). Leptin had the best predictive cutoff value on ROC (86% sensitivity and 92% specificity), whereas ghrelin had the lowest (70% sensitivity and 73% specificity).

Conclusion
Preoperative BMI, leptin, ghrelin, LGr, and increased triglycerides have a predictive value on higher postoperative, non-improved patients with HOMA-IR (≥ 2.5). Therefore, assessing metabolic biomarkers can help decide on treatment/extra therapy and outcome before surgery.

Graphical Abstract
GIS-based identification of potential watershed recharge zones using analytic hierarchy process in Sikkim Himalayan region
Authors: Zimik Horthing V. , Angchuk Thupstan , Misra Anil Kumar , Ranjan Rakesh Kr. , Wanjari Nishchal , Basnett Smriti 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIdentification of groundwater recharge zone is an important factor for water resource management in any area. The present study investigates the potential water recharge zones in the Sikkim state, a mountain region of the Eastern Himalayas. To identify potential watershed recharge zone in the region, a combination of geographic information system (GIS)-based weighted overlay index (WOI) tools and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) pairwise matrix techniques was applied. The delineated watershed recharge sites were classified into five different potential zones. The results show that the majority of the study area (54.22%) was under moderate recharge potential zone. Some of the suitable recharge potential sites are forest-covered regions; therefore, the construction of surface check dams could be a suitable recharge method; it will escalate the discharge in springs and also help to make them perineal. This study provides first-hand information on the groundwater recharge potential of East Sikkim, where the populace depends largely on spring water discharge. Also, it is useful in selecting areas for digging staggered contour trenches, pits, and other structures to recharge the spring water and improve the watershed management system.
From In Vitro to Perioperative Vascular Tissue Engineering: Shortening Production Time by Traceable Textile-Reinforcement
Authors: Mohapatra Saurav Ranjan , Rama Elena , Melcher Christoph , Call Tobias , Al Enezy-Ulbrich Miriam Aischa , Pich Andrij , Apel Christian , Kiessling Fabian , Jockenhoevel Stefan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground:The production of tissue-engineered vascular graft (TEVG) usually involves a prolonged bioreactor cultivation period of up to several weeks to achieve maturation of extracellular matrix and sufficient mechanical strength. Therefore, we aimed to substantially shorten this conditioning time by combining a TEVG textile scaffold with a recently developed copolymer reinforced fibrin gel as a cell carrier. We further implemented our grafts with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents to allow thein-vitromonitoring of the TEVG’s remodeling process.Methods:Biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) was electrospun onto a non-degradable polyvinylidene fluoride scaffold and molded along with copolymer-reinforced fibrin hydrogel and human arterial cells. Mechanical tests on the TEVGs were performed both instantly after molding and 4 days of bioreactor conditioning. The non-invasivein vitromonitoring of the PLGA degradation and the novel imaging of fluorinated thermoplastic polyurethane (19F-TPU) were performed using 7T MRI.Results:After 4 days of close loop bioreactor conditioning, 617 ± 85 mmHg of burst pressure was achieved, and advanced maturation of extracellular matrix (ECM) was observed by immunohistology, especially in regards to collagen and smooth muscle actin. The suture retention strength (2.24 ± 0.3 N) and axial tensile strength (2.45 ± 0.58 MPa) of the TEVGs achieved higher values than the native arteries used as control. The contrast agents labeling of the TEVGs allowed the monitorability of the PLGA degradation and enabled the visibility of the non-degradable textile component.Conclusion:Here, we present a concept for a novel textile-reinforced TEVG, which is successfully produced in 4 days of bioreactor conditioning, characterized by increased ECM maturation and sufficient mechanical strength. Additionally, the combination of our approach with non-invasive imaging provides further insights into TEVG’s clinical application.
Influence of blood pressure and rheology on oscillatory shear index and wall shear stress in the carotid artery
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Pai R. , Abdul Khader S. M. , Khan S. H. , Kyriacou P. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a localized complication dependent on both the rheology and the arterial response to blood pressure. Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) study can be effectively used to understand the local haemodynamics and study the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Although numerical investigations of atherosclerosis are well documented, research on the influence of blood pressure as a result of the response to physio–social factors like anxiety, mental stress, and exercise is scarce. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) study was carried out for normal and stenosed patient-specific carotid artery models. Haemodynamic parameters such as Wall Shear Stress (WSS) and Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) are evaluated for normal and hypertension conditions. The Carreau–Yasuda blood viscosity model was used in the FSI simulations, and the results are compared with the Newtonian model. The results reveal that high blood pressure increases the peripheral resistance, thereby reducing the WSS. Higher OSI occurs in the region with high flow recirculation. Variation of WSS due to changes in blood pressure and blood viscosity is important in understanding the haemodynamics of carotid arteries. This study demonstrates the potential of FSI to understand the causes of atherosclerosis due to altered blood pressures.
Coordination Effect-Promoted Durable Ni(OH)2 for Energy-Saving Hydrogen Evolution from Water/Methanol Co-Electrocatalysis
Authors: Fu Guodong , Kang Xiaomin , Zhang Yan , Yang Xiaoqiang , Wang Lei , Fu Xian-Zhu , Zhang Jiujun , Luo Jing-Li , Liu Jianwen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting is a viable technique for generating hydrogen but is precluded from the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reactions (OER). Small molecule oxidation reactions with lower working potentials, such as methanol oxidation reactions, are good alternatives to OER with faster kinetics. However, the typically employed Ni-based electrocatalysts have poor activity and stability. Herein, a novel three-dimensional (3D)-networking Mo-doped Ni(OH)2 with ultralow Ni–Ni coordination is synthesized, which exhibits a high MOR activity of 100 mA cm−2 at 1.39 V, delivering 28 mV dec−1 for the Tafel slope. Meanwhile, hydrogen evolution with value-added formate co-generation is boosted with a current density of more than 500 mA cm−2 at a cell voltage of 2.00 V for 50 h, showing excellent stability in an industrial alkaline concentration (6 M KOH). Mechanistic studies based on density functional theory and X-ray absorption spectroscopy showed that the improved performance is mainly attributed to the ultralow Ni–Ni coordination, 3D-networking structures and Mo dopants, which improve the catalytic activity, increase the active site density and strengthen the Ni(OH)2 3D-networking structures, respectively. This study paves a new way for designing electrocatalysts with enhanced activity and durability for industrial energy-saving hydrogen production.