bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory Mechanism of Combined Hydroxychavicol With Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Against Glioma Cancer Cell Lines: A Transcriptomic Analysis
Authors: Abdul Rahman Amirah , Wan Ngah Wan Zurinah , Jamal Rahman , Makpol Suzana , Harun Roslan , Mokhtar Norfilza 
Published: March 2022

Emerging reports have shown therapeutic potential of hydroxychavicol (HC) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) against cancer cells, however high concentrations are required to achieve the anticancer activity. We reported the synergy of low combination doses of EGCG+HC in glioma cell lines 1321N1, SW1783, and LN18 by assessing the effects of EGCG+HC through functional assays. Using high throughput RNA sequencing, the molecular mechanisms of EGCG+HC against glioma cell lines were revealed. EGCG/HC alone inhibited the proliferation of glioma cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 82 to 302 µg/ml and 75 to 119 µg/ml, respectively. Sub-effective concentrations of combined EGCG+HC enhanced the suppression of glioma cell growth, with SW1783 showing strong synergism with a combination index (CI) of 0.55 and LN18 showing a CI of 0.51. A moderate synergistic interaction of EGCG+HC was detected in 1321N1 cells, with a CI value of 0.88. Exposure of 1321N1, SW1783, and LN18 cells to EGCG+HC for 24 h induces cell death, with caspase-3 activation rates of 52%, 57%, and 9.4%, respectively. However, the dose for SW1783 is cytotoxic to normal cells, thus this dose was excluded from other tests. EGCG+HC induced cell cycle arrest at S phase and reduced 1321N1 and LN18 cell migration and invasion. Combined EGCG+HC amplified its anticancer effect by downregulating the axon guidance process and metabolic pathways, while simultaneously interfering with endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response pathway. Furthermore, EGCG+HC exerted its apoptotic effect through the alteration of mitochondrial genes such as MT-CO3 and MT-RNR2 in 1321N1 and LN18 cells respectively. EGCG+HC dynamically altered DYNLL1 alternative splicing expression in 1321N1 and DLD splicing expression in LN18 cell lines. Our work indicated the pleiotropic effects of EGCG+HC treatment, as well as particular target genes that might be investigated for future glioma cancer therapeutic development.
Adverse Event Profiles of PARP Inhibitors: Analysis of Spontaneous Reports Submitted to FAERS
Authors: Tian Xiaojiang , Chen Lin , Gai Di , He Sijie , Jiang Xuan , Zhang Ni 
Published: March 2022

Background: Several poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) are currently approved for the treatment of a variety of cancers. The safety profile of PARPis has not yet been systemically analyzed in the real world. We conducted this pharmacovigilance analysis using the US FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to explore the difference in adverse events (AEs) among PARPis.Methods: FAERS data (December 2014 to October 2021) were searched for reports of all FDA-approved PARPis across all indications. We used the standardized MedDRA query (SMQ) generalized search AEs on the preferred term (PT) level based on case reports. After filtering duplicate reports, disproportionality analysis was used to detect safety signals by calculating reporting odds ratios (ROR). Reports were considered statistically significant if the 95% confidence interval did not contain the null value.Results: Within the standardized MedDRA queries, significant safety signals were found, including those for olaparib [blood premalignant disorders (ROR = 17.06)], rucaparib [taste and smell disorders (ROR = 9.17)], niraparib [hematopoietic throbocytopenia (ROR = 28.2)], and talazoparib [hematopoietic erythropenia (ROR = 9.38)]. For AEs on the PT level, we found several significant signals, including platelet count decreased with niraparib (ROR = 52.78); red blood cell count decreased with niraparib (ROR = 70.47) and rucaparib (ROR = 15.09); myelodysplastic syndrome with olaparib (ROR = 35.47); acute myeloid leukaemia with olaparib (ROR = 25.14); blood pressure fluctuation with niraparib (ROR = 20.54); lymphangioleiomyomatosis with niraparib (ROR = 471.20); photosensitivity reaction with niraparib (ROR = 21.77) and rucaparib (ROR = 18.92); renal impairment with rucaparib (ROR = 33.32); and interstitial lung disease with Olaparib (ROR = 11.31). All the detected safety signals were confirmed using signals of disproportionality reporting methods.Conclusion: PARPis differed in their safety profile reports. The analysis of the FAERS database revealed significant safety signals that matched previously published case reports, including serious gastrointestinal, blood and lymphatic system, cardiovascular and respiratory complications, which require individualized drug administration according to patients’ conditions.
Electron-Ion Temperature Relaxation in Warm Dense Hydrogen Observed With Picosecond Resolved X-Ray Scattering
Authors: Fletcher L. B. , Vorberger J. , Schumaker W. , Ruyer C. , Goede S. , Galtier E. , Zastrau U. , Alves E. P. , Baalrud S. D. , Baggott R. A. , Barbrel B. , Chen Z. , Döppner T. , Gauthier M. , Granados E. , Kim J. B. , Kraus D. , Lee H. J. , MacDonald M. J. , Mishra R. , Pelka A. , Ravasio A. , Roedel C. , Fry A. R. , Redmer R. , Fiuza F. , Gericke D. O. , Glenzer S. H. 
Published: March 2022

Angularly resolved X-ray scattering measurements from fs-laser heated hydrogen have been used to determine the equilibration of electron and ion temperatures in the warm dense matter regime. The relaxation of rapidly heated cryogenic hydrogen is visualized using 5.5 keV X-ray pulses from the Linac Coherent Light (LCLS) source in a 1 Hz repetition rate pump-probe setting. We demonstrate that the electron-ion energy transfer is faster than quasi-classical Landau-Spitzer models that use ad hoc cutoffs in the Coulomb logarithm.
Diffuse Imaging Approach for Universal Noninvasive Blood Glucose Measurements
Authors: Liu Ming , Xu Ge , Zhao Yuejin , Kong Lingqin , Dong Liquan , Li Fen , Hui Mei 
Published: March 2022

We proposed a diffuse imaging approach for universal noninvasive blood glucose measurements based on visible light, which can predict the blood glucose concentration without personal calibration. The proposed approach used a CCD to obtain diffuse images from human index finger pulp. The denoising autoencoder algorithm adopted effectively extracted the scattering information highly related to blood glucose concentration from the diffuse images, and the gradient boosting regression algorithm enabled an accurate calculation of blood glucose concentration without prior personalized calibration.In vivoexperimental results showed that the proposed approach had a mean absolute error of 19.44 mg/dl, with all the predicted results observed within the clinically acceptable region (Region A: 78.9%) in the Clarke error grid analysis. Compared to other blood glucose concentration measurement methods of scattering coefficient, this new method does not require individual calibration, therefore it is easier to implement and popularize, which is critical for the noninvasive monitoring of blood glucose concentration.
Simulations and Experiments Toward Continuous Wave 167 nm Laser Generation for ARPES With High Energy Resolution
Authors: Zhang Ziyue , Han Hainian , Zhao Guodong , Liu Guodong , Zhou Xingjiang , Wei Zhiyi 
Published: March 2022

Continuous wave (CW) laser at a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) range with the narrow-linewidth is an ideal optical source in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) for the research of superconductors with a narrow band gap. In this study, we present an eighth-harmonic-generation (EHG) laser scheme for CW laser generation at the VUV range, in particular at 167.75 nm, based on the cascaded power enhancement cavities. An intracavity second-harmonic generation (ICSHG) 671 nm laser with the narrow-linewidth and active frequency stabilization is built as the first stage, delivering the 2.55 W output power. A resonant cavity for fourth-harmonic-generation (FHG) constitutes the second stage, which generates the 335.5 nm laser with the output power of up to 1.25 W. The third stage is designed for the EHG of 167.75 nm based on the KBBF crystal. To realize the efficient CW laser generation at 167.75 nm, a theoretical analysis concerning the enhancement factor and the conversion efficiency of the KBBF-based EHG is carried out. The results show that it is possible for mW-level 167.75 nm generation if the transmittance of the KBBF prism-coupled device is increased to 97%. A 59 W circular intracavity power is observed in the 335.5 nm enhanced cavity experiments, corresponding to the peak power density of up to 20.86 MW/cm2. This work paves a solid way for CW VUV laser generation with the narrow-linewidth, which would be an ideal tool for the extremely high resolution ARPES.
Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress
Authors: Fei Liwei , Chu Jinpeng , Zhang Xiu , Dong Shuxin , Dai Xinglong , He Mingrong 
Published: March 2022

Background and AimsClimate warming has become an indisputable fact, and wheat is among the most heat-sensitive cereal crops. Heat stress during grain filling threatens global wheat production and food security. Here, we analyzed the physiological and proteomic changes by delayed sowing on the photosynthetic capacity of winter wheat leaves under heat stress. Our aim is to provide a new cultivation way for the heat stress resistance in wheat.MethodsThrough 2 years field experiment and an open warming simulation system, we compared the changes in wheat grain weight, yield, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under heat stress at late grain–filling stage during normal sowing and delayed sowing. At the same time, based on the iTRAQ proteomics, we compared the changes of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) during the two sowing periods under high temperature stress.Key ResultsIn our study, compared with normal sowing, delayed sowing resulted in a significantly higher photosynthetic rate during the grain-filling stage under heat stress, as well as significantly increased grain weight and yield at maturity. The chlorophyll a fluorescence transient (OJIP) analysis showed that delayed sowing significantly reduced the J-step and I-step. Moreover, OJIP parameters, including RC/CSm, TRo/CSm, ETo/CSm, DIo/CSm and ΦPo, ψo, ΦEo, were significantly increased; DIo/CSm and ΦDo, were significantly reduced. GO biological process and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that, among DEPs, proteins involved in photosynthetic electron transport were significantly increased and among photosynthetic metabolic pathways, we have observed upregulated proteins, such as PsbH, PsbR, and PetB.ConclusionPhysiological and proteomic analyses indicate delaying the sowing date of winter wheat reduced heat dissipation by enhancing the scavenging capacity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in flag leaves, and ensuring energy transmission along the photosynthetic electron transport chain; this increased the distribution ratio of available energy in photochemical reactions and maintained a high photosynthetic system assimilation capacity, which supported a high photosynthetic rate. Hence, delayed sowing may represent a new cultivation strategy for promoting heat stress tolerance in winter wheat.
Building Bridges for “Palliative Care-in-Place”: Development of a mHealth Intervention for Informal Home Care
Authors: Laranjeira Carlos , Dixe Maria Anjos , Martinho Ricardo , Rijo Rui , Querido Ana 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundIn Palliative Care (PC), family and close people are an essential part of provision of care. They assume highly complex tasks for which they are not prepared, with considerable physical, psychological, social and economic impact. Informal Caregivers (ICs) often falter in the final stage of life and develop distress, enhancing emotional burden and complicated grief. The lack of available and accessible in-person counselling resources is often reported by ICs. Online resources can promote early access to help and support for patient-IC dyads in palliative care. The primary aim of this research is to co-design, develop and test the feasibility of the Help2Care-PAL mHealth app that addresses the needs of ICs of palliative patients cared for at home. This Digital Health Intervention (DHI) in palliative care will be used for education, symptom management, communication and decision-making, to enhance Quality of Life (QoL) of patients and ICs, fostering anticipatory grief and the reach and efficiency of services.MethodsThis study will use an iterative co-design process and convergent mixed-methods design, following the MORECare consensus for developing a complex intervention. Construction of the DHI will follow four main phases: (I) a needs assessment (a cross-sectional survey, individual interviews with ICs and focus groups with professionals with community palliative care experience); (II) design and co-production of mHealth materials and interventions to support ICs; (III) the development of a mHealth app; and (IV) usability and feasibility of the mHealth app. The Help2Care-PAL platform seeks to build resources from the perspectives and needs of both family dyads and nursing professionals working in the field of community palliative care. User-centeredness will be ensured by the active participation of patient-IC dyads and professionals of the palliative care community.DiscussionThis mixed-method study will offer new insights on needs and expectations of patient-IC dyads and nurses in community palliative care regarding caregiving preparedness and online health resources. Through the implementation of an adaptive digital tool, we aim to improve access to palliative care family support, which is highly linked with the wellbeing of patients and especially new ICs.
Prenatal Drug Exposure in Children With a History of Neuropsychiatric Care: A Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Benevent Justine , Hurault-Delarue Caroline , Araujo Mélanie , Revet Alexis , Sommet Agnès , Lacroix Isabelle , Damase-Michel Christine 
Published: March 2022

Background and ObjectivesNeuropsychiatric disorders in childhood after prenatal drug exposure raises concerns. Most of the published studies focused on psychotropic medications. This study investigated which prenatal medication exposure was associated with neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood.MethodsA case-control study, nested in the French POMME cohort, was conducted to compare prenatal medication exposure between children with a history of neuropsychiatric care (ages 0–8 years) and children in a control group. POMME included children born in Haute-Garonne to women covered by the general Health Insurance System, between 2010 and 2011 (N = 8,372). Cases were identified through: (1) reimbursement for neuropsychiatric care; (2) psychomotor development abnormalities specified on health certificates; and (3) reimbursement for methylphenidate or neuroleptics. Controls had none of these criteria. Prenatal exposure to each of the major “Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical” classes was compared between the groups. Class(es) for which there was a statistically significant difference (after Bonferroni adjustment, i.e., p &lt; 0.0033) was(were) compared using logistic regression.ResultsA total of 723 (8.6%) cases and 4,924 (58.8%) controls were identified. This study showed a statistically significant difference in prenatal exposure to nervous system drugs (excluding analgesics) between the groups [ORa: 2.12 (1.55; 2.90)]. Differences (not statistically significant at the 0.0033 threshold) were also observed for the ATC classes: Musculoskeletal, Genito-urinary System and Sex Hormones, Alimentary Tract and Anti-infectives.ConclusionThrough identification of children with neuropsychiatric disorders and of their prenatal medication exposure, this study provides guidance for the assessment of long-term neuropsychiatric effects after prenatal medication exposure, without focusing on psychotropic medications.
Prevalence and 10-Year Stability of Personality Disorders From Adolescence to Young Adulthood in a High-Risk Sample
Authors: d’Huart Delfine , Steppan Martin , Seker Süheyla , Bürgin David , Boonmann Cyril , Birkhölzer Marc , Jenkel Nils , Fegert Jörg M. , Schmid Marc , Schmeck Klaus 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundWith the implementation of the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) in early 2022, there will be a radical change in the framework and process for diagnosing personality disorders (PDs), indicating a transition from the categorical to the dimensional model. Despite increasing evidence that PDs are not as stable as previously assumed, the long-term stability of PDs remains under major debate. The aim of the current paper was to investigate the categorical and dimensional mean-level and rank-order stability of PDs from adolescence into young adulthood in a high-risk sample.MethodsIn total, 115 young adults with a history of residential child welfare and juvenile-justice placements in Switzerland were included in the current study. PDs were assessed at baseline and at a 10-year follow-up. On a categorical level, mean-level stability was assessed through the proportion of enduring cases from baseline to follow-up. Rank-order stability was assessed through Cohen’s κ and tetrachoric correlation coefficients. On a dimensional level, the magnitude of change between the PD trait scores at baseline and at follow-up was measured by Cohen’s d. Rank-order stability was assessed through Spearman’s ρ.ResultsThe prevalence rate for any PD was 20.0% at baseline and 30.4% at follow-up. The most frequently diagnosed disorders were antisocial, borderline, and obsessive-compulsive PDs, both at baseline and at follow-up. On a categorical level, the mean-level stability of any PD was only moderate, and the mean-level stability of specific PDs was low, except of schizoid PD. Likewise, the rank-order stability of any PD category was moderate, while ranging from low to high for individual PD diagnoses. On a dimensional level, scores increased significantly for most PDs, except for histrionic traits, which decreased significantly from baseline to follow-up. Effect sizes were generally low. The rank-order stability for dimensional scores ranged from low to moderate.ConclusionThe findings indicate low to moderate stability of Pds and Pd traits from adolescence to adulthood, which supports the growing evidence that categorical diagnoses of Pds are quite unstable. This in turn, emphasizes the use of the upcoming ICD-11 that Acknowledgments Pds to be only “relatively” stable.
A Predictive Study Between Anxiety and Fear of COVID-19 With Psychological Behavior Response: The Mediation Role of Perceived Stress
Authors: Sharif Nia Hamid , She Long , Kaur Harpaljit , Boyle Christopher , Khoshnavay Fomani Fatemeh , Hoseinzadeh Esmaeil , Kohestani Daniyal , Rahmatpour Pardis 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveDespite the abundance of studies linking fear and anxiety to COVID-19, there are limited studies that examine how these elements impact psychological behavioral responses, especially in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety and fear of COVID-19 with psychological behavior response, whether this relationship is mediated by role of perceived stress among Iranian population during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA predictive cross-sectional study was used to investigate the relationships between COVID-19 anxiety syndrome, fear of COVID-19 with psychological behavioral responses due to the pandemic, and the mediating role of the COVID-19 perceived stress in these relationships.ResultsThe current study revealed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, fear and anxiety of COVID-19 can influence the psychological behavioral responses of individuals; however, this can be explained through perceived stress.ConclusionAs such, the current study points out that the individuals who perceived high stress due to COVID-19 were more likely to comply with guidelines, which has given new insight into this field. The current study findings are applicable for health policymakers in order to help them in understanding human behavior for developing health promotion programs and also for fostering resilience among the general population.
Psychological Interventions for Young People With Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gergov Vera , Milic Branka , Löffler-Stastka Henriette , Ulberg Randi , Vousoura Eleni , Poulsen Stig 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPsychotic disorders are commonly accompanied by intense psychological burden, and psychological interventions are usually needed in order to reduce the symptoms and help in maintaining or improving the level of psychological and social functioning after the onset of psychosis. The evidence-base for treating young people at risk for psychosis and adults with psychotic disorders is accumulating. Yet, pervasive systematic literature reviews that would include patients from the full age range being the most essential period for the risk of developing a psychotic disorder, a wide range of psychological interventions, and various types of clinical trials, have been lacking. The aim of this systematic review is to fill the gap by presenting the current research evidence from clinical trials on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating young people (12–30) with psychotic disorders.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed and PsycINFO followed by a 3-step screening process based on the PICOS strategy. Risk of bias of the included studies was assessed by the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Extracted data from the included studies is reported using a narrative synthesis.ResultsOf the 1,449 publications screened, 40 from 25 studies were included in the review. Of these, 10 studies reported results from cognitive or behavioral therapy, nine from cognitive remediation therapy (CRT), and six from other types of therapies (i.e., integrative interventions combining psychoeducation and family/group interventions). All but one study found the target interventions to be effective, but the results mostly did not differ significantly from the control conditions in reducing symptoms and improving functioning, preventing relapses and hospitalization, or improving psychological or family variables. The most consistent findings were from CRT, showing more improvement in cognitive functioning compared to control conditions while not being superior in reducing symptom severity. Integrative interventions might be effective in treating young people suffering from psychotic disorders.ConclusionThere is some evidence that psychological interventions are effective for young people with psychotic disorders. However, with regard to symptom severity, psychotherapy does not outperform control conditions, and the results do not strongly favor any specific type of treatment.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020166756], identifier [CRD42020166756].