bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying enquiry and problem based learning to mission-oriented innovation policy: from policy to pedagogy to teaching and learning practice
Authors: Randles Sally , Dewick Paul , Hannan Eleanor , Nicholson Dawn Theresa , Rietbergen Martijn , Taylor Christopher , Vargas Valeria Ruiz , Wadham Helen , Withycombe Keeler Lauren 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This study aims to present theory, practice and original research findings to support the proposition that broad enquiry and problem-based learning (EPBL) approaches provide an appropriate pedagogical lens for sustainability educators to develop the knowledge and skills needed to work effectively within mission-oriented innovation policy (MIP) environments.

Design/methodology/approach
The research study comprised four elements, each of which used different research methods. The first element involved a literature review mapping the synergies between MIP and EPBL; the second element piloted the use of EPBL for undergraduate modules related to sustainability challenges; the third element involved external stakeholders in the co-creation of a postgraduate programme that brought together innovation and sustainability, with EPBL fundamental to the design and development; the fourth element curated and comparatively analysed international cases of EPBL in the context of MIP, and sustainability challenges in particular, highlighting the versatility of EPBL and the importance of creativity in EPBL design and implementation.

Findings
The systematic literature review reveals synergies between the key features of EPBL and defining characteristics of MIP, indicating the relevance of applying EPBL to support MIP. Two in situ pilots generated 13 recommendations on the benefits and operational challenges of applying EPBL. These recommendations informed the design and development of a postgraduate programme, involving a transdisciplinary consultation process with key industrial and societal stakeholders. Comparative analysis of four international case studies describing EPBL applied in practice in different international settings show there is no “one size fits all”. Instead, the application of EPBL to different sustainability challenges and for different learner groups demonstrates the versatility of the pedagogical approach and the creativity of the sustainability educators.

Originality/value
A discourse around the appropriate pedagogical methods and teaching/learning practice to equip the current and future workforce with the knowledge and skills to respond to MIP and global sustainability challenges is nascent but emerging. This paper makes a scientific and practical contribution to the discourse. The authors show how EPBL can underpin the design of programmes to provide learners with the knowledge and skills to support organisations working effectively within an MIP context, especially addressing sustainability challenges. The authors provide recommendations for educators seeking to embed EPBL within their curriculum and call for external stakeholders to proactively engage with educators to co-create programmes with context-specific outcomes.
What drives Muslims to boycott French brands? The moderating role of brand judgement and counterargument
Authors: Salma Shofiya Yusri , Aji Hendy Mustiko 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate some factors that might drive Muslims in Indonesia to get involved in a French brands boycott movement by examining the moderating role of brand judgment and counterargument.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey has been conducted to 1,063 respondents from all over Indonesia. The respondents are selected using the purposive sampling technique. The model is assessed using covariance-based structural equation modeling, which includes the assessment of measurement and structural model. An interaction moderation technique is applied to examine the effect of moderators on the structural model.

Findings
This study shows that the French brand boycott is strongly affected by consumer animosity, perceived efficacy and subjective norms. Moreover, this study also found that the effect of animosity on boycott intention is dampened by brand judgment and counterargument.

Practical implications
First, multinational companies are advised to be careful in creating a campaign. They should avoid sensitive words or the use of specific figures or places highly respected by Muslims. A sensitive campaign might spread hatred, and it is directly connected with the boycott movement based on history. Second, it is pivotal for multinational companies to focus more on product or brand values instead of controversial issues. Finally, multinational companies are also advised to strengthen brand love. When brand love is strong, it is difficult for them to stop patronizing the brand or even switch to other brands.

Originality/value
Prior studies’ findings are still inconclusive in explaining some factors that lead to the success of a boycott call-to-action. Therefore, this study contributes to boycott literature by revealing the importance of brand judgment and counterargument to moderate consumer animosity and boycott intention link.
Scenarios for New Zealand tourism: a COVID-19 response
Authors: Yeoman Ian Seymour , Postma Albert , Hartman Stefan 
Published: March 2022

PurposeA case study about the creation of four scenarios that were used to make sense of the fast-moving pace of COVID-19 and the consequences for New Zealand tourism.Design/methodology/approachAdapting global visitor economy scenarios, a set of New Zealand tourism scenarios were constructed using a “back of house Shell” method and were supplemented with an expert panel to test the reliability and validity of the scenarios.FindingsThe four scenarios constructed were based on two critical uncertainties, namely economic recession and the moral dilemma of the consumer. Four scenarios were portrayed using film and TV titles to help participants visualise the scenarios. Crazy Rich Asians: Recovery represented many of the attributes of tourism in New Zealand prior to COVID-19 i.e. a focus on high value tourists from Asia. Contagion: Survival of the Fittest represented the reality of the COVID-19 pandemic. This Side of Paradise: ReThinking Tourism focused on rebuilding tourism based upon the principles of sustainability. The Colony: Gated Communities represented fortress destinations trying to keep COVID-19 at bay. Each scenario portrayed several features including a unique narrative, tourism, the tourist, vision, strategy and risks. The paper highlighted the trade-offs and conflicts between the scenarios as COVID-19 unfolded in different directions.Originality/valueIn a fluid situation, the paper reminds readers of the value of scenarios as framing devices to understand the fast-moving pace of COVID-19 when New Zealand was in unchartered waters. Thus, this study highlights how a scenario-planning process builds resilience and foresight to help stakeholders and actors make sense of crisis situations.
An integrative learning approach: combining improvement methods and ambidexterity
Authors: Avby Gunilla 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to explore whether the principles behind improvement methods and the underlying learning orientations of ambidexterity have the potential to support the managing of ideas for implementation.Design/methodology/approachBy combining improvement methods and ambidexterity, this study presents a pragmatic framework for innovative working with a scientific underpinning linked to organizational learning.FindingsThe descriptive stages in the plan-do-check-act method for improvement are instructive in their focus on progress and helpful in untangling the more explanatory nature of ambidexterity to frame innovative working.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the framework’s usefulness for innovative working is subject to future studies, the implementation, validation and results of the framework in pilot research may contribute to the body of knowledge.Practical implicationsThe proposed framework can be used in teaching the key role of strategic leadership to explore and exploit over time. The framework has the potential to guide innovative working in practice by making better use of the employees’ tacit knowledge in such a way that they are empowered to explore new ways of defining problems and searching for solutions to improve organizational performance. The results of the implementation will impact the employees’ quality of life.Originality/valueThis study advances the current understanding of how the seemingly contradictory activities of exploration and exploitation can model an integrative learning approach.
Patient and physician perspectives on alopecia areata: A real‐world assessment of severity and burden in Japan
Authors: Edson‐Heredia Emily , Aranishi Toshihiko , Isaka Yoshitaka , Anderson Peter , Marwaha Simran , Piercy James 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe criteria used by physicians to assess alopecia areata severity and its associated burden from the patients' point of view are not well understood. We aimed to understand physician‐assessed determinants of disease severity, factors associated with severity, patient–physician concordance, and patient‐reported burden by severity. Data were drawn from the Adelphi Alopecia Areata Disease Specific Programme™, a point‐in‐time survey of dermatologists and their alopecia areata patients in real‐world practice in Japan conducted between January and March 2021. Patients were categorized into three groups by current disease severity according to physician subjective assessment: mild, moderate, or severe. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were described within and compared between the three patient groups. Our study of 97 dermatologists and 587 patients found overall scalp hair loss was the most important factor considered by physicians in determining disease severity. More severe disease was associated with loss of eyebrow hair, eyelashes, and hair loss from other body areas. Agreement on disease severity between physicians and patients was moderate. From the patient perspective, greater severity of alopecia areata was associated with greater anxiety and depression, with lower work productivity and worse quality of life. Our study provides insights into which factors physicians use to determine alopecia areata severity, how physician and patient severity assessments compare, and the burden of alopecia areata on patients.
Longitudinal associations between time‐varying insomnia symptoms and all‐cause health care services utilization among middle‐aged and older adults in the United States
Authors: Mahmood Asos , Kedia Satish , Dobalian Aram , Chang Cyril F. , Ahn SangNam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine longitudinal associations between time‐varying insomnia symptoms (difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, early‐morning awakenings, and nonrestorative sleep) and all‐cause health care services utilization (HSU), including overnight hospital stays, nursing home stays, and home health care services among middle‐aged and older adults.Data SourcesThe Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationwide, population‐representative survey of primarily middle‐aged and older adults in the United States.Study DesignThis study is an analysis of prospective data from the HRS for a cohort of 13,168 adults (aged ≥50 years; females = 57.7%). Study participants were followed for 16 years. This study focuses on the associations between time‐varying insomnia symptoms, both cumulatively and independently, and repeated HSUs. A marginal structural modeling approach was used to capture time‐varying biological, psycho‐cognitive, and behavioral health factors, and to adjust for selection bias such as differential loss to follow‐up. Generalized estimating equations were employed to compute average marginal effects and their 95% confidence intervals.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe extracted longitudinal data from 2002 through 2018 waves of the HRS.Principal FindingsExperiencing higher numbers of insomnia symptoms on a cumulative scale was associated with higher probabilities of HSU. For instance, the likelihood of overnight hospital stays for individuals reporting one symptom increased from 4.7 percentage points on average (95% CI: 3.7–5.6, p < 0.001), to 13.9 percentage points (95% CI: 10.3–17.5, p < 0.001) for those reporting four symptoms, relative to individuals experiencing no insomnia symptoms. Further, experiencing each of difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep, and nonrestorative sleep, as standalone symptoms, was associated with a higher likelihood of HSU when compared to those not experiencing the symptoms.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate the potential consequences and adverse impacts of insomnia symptoms on HSU among middle‐aged and older adults. Future investigations should focus on the underlying causes and health systems pathways linking insomnia symptoms to HSU.
Genome‐wide identification and comparative analysis of lipocalin families in Lepidoptera with an emphasis on Bombyx mori
Authors: Zhou Yan‐Yan , Jin Yue , Liu Shuai‐Qi , Xu Shi‐Liang , Huang Yu‐Xin , Xu Yu‐Song , Shi Lian‐Gen , Wang Hua‐Bing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLipocalins exhibit functional diversity, including roles in retinol transport, invertebrate cryptic coloration, and stress response. However, genome‐wide identification and characterization of lipocalin in the insect lineage have not been thoroughly explored. Here, we found that a lineage‐specific expansion of the lipocalin genes in Lepidoptera occurred in large part due to tandem duplication events and several lipocalin genes involving insect coloration were expanded more via tandem duplication in butterflies. A comparative analysis of conserved motifs showed both conservation and divergence of lepidopteran lipocalin family protein structures during evolution. We observe dynamic changes in tissue expression preference of paralogs in Bombyx mori, suggesting differential contribution of paralogs to specific organ functions during evolution. Subcellular localization experiments revealed that lipocalins localize to the cytoplasm, nuclear membrane, or nucleus in BmN cells. Moreover, several lipocalin genes exhibited divergent responses to abiotic and biotic stresses, and 1 lipocalin gene was upregulated by 300 fold in B. mori. These results suggest that lipocalins act as signaling components in defense responses by mediating crosstalk between abiotic and biotic stress responses. This study deepens our understanding of the comprehensive characteristics of lipocalins in insects.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for melanoma brain metastases: Concurrent immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy associated with superior clinicoradiological response outcomes
Authors: Shanker Mihir D , Garimall Sidyarth , Gatt Nick , Foley Heath , Crowley Samuel , Le Cornu Emma , Muscat Kendall , Soon Wei , Atkinson Victoria , Xu Wen , Watkins Trevor , Huo Michael , Foote Matthew C , Pinkham Mark B 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroduction/purposeThis study assessed long‐term clinical and radiological outcomes following treatment with combination stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and immunotherapy (IT) for melanoma brain metastases (BM).MethodsA retrospective review was performed in a contemporary cohort of patients with melanoma BM at a single tertiary institution receiving Gamma Knife® SRS for melanoma BM. Multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards modelling was performed with a P <0.05 for significance.Results101 patients (435 melanoma BM) were treated with SRS between January‐2015 and June‐2019. 68.3% of patients received IT within 4 weeks of SRS (concurrent) and 31.7% received SRS alone or non‐concurrently with IT. Overall, BM local control rate was 87.1% after SRS. Median progression free survival was 8.7 months. Median follow‐up was 29.2 months. On multivariate analysis (MVA), patients receiving concurrent SRS‐IT maintained a higher chance of achieving a complete (CR) or partial response (PR) [HR 2.6 (95% CI: 1.2–5.5, P = 0.012)] and a reduced likelihood of progression of disease (PD) [HR 0.52 (95% CI: 0.16–0.60), P = 0.048]. Any increase in BM volume on the initial MRI 3 months after SRS predicted a lower likelihood of achieving long‐term CR or PR on MVA accounting for concurrent IT, BRAF status and dexamethasone use [HR = 0.048 (95% CI: 0.007–0.345, P = 0.0026)]. Stratified volumetric change demonstrated a sequential relationship with outcomes on Kaplan–Meier analysis.ConclusionConcurrent SRS‐IT has favourable clinical and radiological outcomes with respect to CR, PR and a reduced likelihood of PD. Changes in BM volume on the initial MRI 3 months after SRS were predictive of long‐term outcomes for treatment response.
Conditional repeatability and the variance explained by reaction norm variation in random slope models
Authors: Schielzeth Holger , Nakagawa Shinichi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Individuals differ in average phenotypes and in sensitivity to environmental variation. Such context sensitivity can be modelled as random slope variation. Random slope variation implies that the proportion of between‐individual variation varies across the range of a covariate (environment/context/time/age) and has thus been called ‘conditional’ repeatability.

We propose to put conditional repeatabilities in perspective of the total phenotypic variance and suggest a way of standardization using the random slope coefficient of determination . Furthermore, we illustrate that the marginalized repeatability averaged across an environmental gradient offers a biologically relevant description of between‐individual variation.

We provide simple equations for calculating key descriptors of conditional repeatabilities, clarify the difference between random intercept variation and average between‐individual variation and make recommendations for comprehensive reporting.

While we introduce the concept with individual variation in mind, the framework is equally applicable to other type of between‐group/cluster variation that varies across some (environmental) gradient.
Screening tools to identify patients with unmet palliative care needs in the emergency department: A systematic review
Authors: Kirkland Scott W. , Yang Esther H. , Garrido Clua Miriam , Kruhlak Maureen , Campbell Sandra , Villa‐Roel Cristina , Rowe Brian H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis systematic review identified and assessed psychometric properties of the available screening tools to identify patients with unmet palliative care (PC) needs in the emergency department (ED).MethodsA comprehensive search of electronic databases and the gray literature was conducted. Two independent reviewers completed study screening and inclusion, data extraction, and quality assessment. A descriptive summary of the results was reported using median of medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs).ResultsA total of 35 studies were included, involving the assessment of 14 unique screening tools. The most commonly used screening tool was the surprise question (SQ; n = 12 studies), followed by the Palliative Care and Rapid Emergency Screening (P‐CaRES) tool (n = 8), and the screening for palliative and end‐of‐life care needs in the emergency department (SPEED) instrument (n = 4). Twelve of the included studies reported on the psychometric properties of the screening tools, of which eight of these studies assessed the performance of the SQ to predict patient mortality. Overall, the median sensitivity (63%, IQR 38%–78%) and specificity (75%, IQR 57%–84%) of the SQ to predict mortality at 1 or 12 months was moderate. While the median positive predictive value of the SQ was low (32%, IQR 16%–40%), the median negative predictive value was high (91%, IQR 88%–95%). Across the studies, the proportion of patients identified as having unmet PC based on the criteria of the screening tools ranged from 5% to 83%.ConclusionsThis review identified 14 unique screening tools used to identify adult patients with unmet PC needs in the ED. One screening tool, the SQ, was found to have moderate sensitivity and specificity to accurately predict future patient mortality. Additional research is needed to better understand the clinical value of this and the other available tools prior to their widespread implementation.
Carbetocin vs. oxytocin at elective caesarean delivery: a double‐blind, randomised, controlled, non‐inferiority trial of low‐ and high‐dose regimens
Authors: McDonagh F. , Carvalho J.C. A. , Abdulla S. , Cordovani D. , Downey K. , Ye X.Y. , Farine D. , Morais M. , Balki M. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryCarbetocin or oxytocin are given routinely as first‐line uterotonic drugs following delivery of the neonate during caesarean delivery to prevent postpartum haemorrhage. Low doses may be as effective as high doses with a potential reduction in adverse effects. In this double‐blind, randomised, controlled, non‐inferiority trial, we assigned low‐risk patients undergoing elective caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia to one of four groups: carbetocin 20 μg; carbetocin 100 μg; oxytocin 0.5 IU bolus + infusion; and oxytocin 5 IU bolus + infusion. The study drug was given intravenously after delivery of the neonate. Uterine tone was assessed by the obstetrician 2, 5 and 10 minutes after study drug administration according to an 11‐point verbal numerical rating scale (0 = atonic, 10 = excellent tone). The primary outcome measure was uterine tone 2 min after study drug administration. The pre‐specified non‐inferiority margin was 1.2 points on the 11‐point scale. Secondary outcomes included uterine tone after 5 and 10 minutes, use of additional uterotonics, blood loss and adverse effects. Data were available for 277 patients. Carbetocin 20 μg resulting in uterine tone of (median (IQR [range])) 8 (7–8 [1–10]) was non‐inferior to carbetocin 100 μg with tone 8 (7–9 [3–10]), median (95%CI) difference 0 (−0.44–0.44). Similarly, oxytocin 0.5 IU with tone 7 (6–8 [3–10]) was non‐inferior to oxytocin 5 IU with tone 8 (6–8 [2–10]), median (95%CI) difference 1 (0.11–1.89). Carbetocin 20 μg was also non‐inferior to oxytocin 5 IU, and oxytocin 0.5 IU was non‐inferior to carbetocin 100 μg. Uterine tone after 5 and 10 minutes, use of additional uterotonics, blood loss and adverse effects were similar in all groups.
Impact of stone volume on treatment outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy
Authors: Umemoto Tatsuya , Hasegawa Masanori , Kawakami Masayoshi , Nakano Mayura , Nitta Masahiro , Kawamura Yoshiaki , Shoji Sunao , Miyajima Akira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to evaluate the impact of stone volume on the surgical outcomes of patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, which is the preferred treatment for renal and upper ureteral stones.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 37 patients who underwent percutaneous lithotripsy between 2013 and 2019. Preoperative and postoperative stone volumes were quantified using computed tomography scan data.ResultsThe mean preoperative and postoperative stone volumes were 10.7 cm3 (1.1–50.2 cm3) and 2.1 cm3 (0–18.2 cm3), respectively. The correlation coefficient between the stone volume and maximum stone length was 0.62 (P < .01). A residual stone volume of >5 mm was observed in 17 cases (45.9%). Thirteen cases underwent secondary treatment (35.1%) who had a preoperative stone volume of >15 cm3 or a postoperative stone volume of <2 cm3. The areas under the curve for the stone volume for treatment success and the requirement for secondary treatment were 0.701 and 0.739, respectively, and were higher than those of stone length (0.638 and 0.558) and shape (0.644 and 0.641).ConclusionsMeasurement of stone volume using three‐dimensional imaging is simple and greatly impacted the course of stone treatment. Information on stone volume may predict an increased likelihood of secondary treatment in patients with a preoperative stone volume of >15 cm3.