bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agricultural water footprint of southern highbush blueberry produced commercially with drip irrigation and sprinkler frost protection
Authors: Pannunzio Alejandro , Holzapfel Eduardo , Cirelli A. Fernández , Texeira Pamela , Souto Camilo , Bryla David R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A study was conducted from 2010 to 2017 to determine the water footprint for producing blueberries in the Entre Ríos province of Argentina. Three cultivars of southern highbush blueberry (hybrid cross of Vaccinium sp.) were evaluated in the study, including ‘Star’, ‘Emerald’, and ‘Snowchaser’. In each case, the plants were irrigated by drip and protected from frost using overhead sprinklers. Water requirements for irrigation and frost protection varied among the cultivars due to differences in the timing of flowering and fruit development. The annual water footprint for fruit production in each cultivar ranged from 212–578 m3 t-1 for ‘Star’, 296–985 m3 t–1 for ‘Emerald’, and 536–4066 m3 t-1 for ‘Snowchaser’. ‘Snowchaser’ flowered earlier than the other cultivars and, therefore, needed more water for frost protection. ‘Star’, on the other hand, ripened the latest among the cultivars and required little to no water for frost protection. Frost protection required a minimum of 30 m3 h-1 of water per hectare and in addition to drip irrigation was a major component of the water footprint.
Faster Service with Less Resource: A Resource Efficient Blockchain Framework for Edge Computing
Authors: Wang Kaiyu , Tu Zhiying , Ji Zhenzhou , He Shufan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
By integrating edge computing with blockchain technology, traceable and immutable services can be provided to address the distrust issue between edge devices. However, the contradiction between the computing and storage requirements of blockchain deployment and the constrained resources of edge devices is the greatest obstacle standing in the way. This makes edge devices have to consume expensive costs to deploy a blockchain system for trusted collaboration. To address the above problem, this article proposes a resource-efficient blockchain framework for edge computing. First, we propose a cloud-edge collaboration consensus protocol called the Proof-of-Lottery (PoL) that completely offloads the computing requirement of consensus protocol execution from edge devices to the cloud. By introducing double-chain structure and dynamic difficulty target mechanism, PoL can significantly improve the throughput and latency of the blockchain transaction while remains decentralization and security. Then, the framework division mechanism based on edge-terminal consensus zone (ETCZ) is proposed to decrease the minimum storage requirement for resource constrained edge devices. The multi-ETCZ PoL protocol is also designed for consensus in the multi-ETCZ blockchain framework. Finally, controlled experiments are tested to demonstrate that our framework can significantly reduce the resource requirements for edge devices on blockchain deployment while achieving high-throughput and low-latency services.
Genetic structure of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae) in the cerraro and atlantic forest domains reveal two botanical varieties
Authors: Terto Jackeline , Maia Ana Kelly , Chaves Lázaro José , Silva-Júnior Josué Francisco , Veasey Elizabeth Ann , Silva Edson Ferreira , Almeida Cícero 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hancornia speciosa Gomes is an important species from Brazil, distributed in the Cerrado, Caatinga and Atlantic Rain Forest domains. Six botanical varieties are described for H. speciosa, of which are distributed in different regions, however, currently, only two varieties are recognized (pubescens and speciosa). Additionally the phylogeographic and phylogenetic studies have not been reported for H. speciosa, which only phylogeographic study has been related for populations from the Cerrado domain. Here we aimed to assesses the phylogeographical structure of H. speciosa and build the phylogenetic tree using trnH-psbA sequences from chloroplast genome and six microsatellites loci of nuclear genome. The results for chloroplast sequence showed 11 haplotypes and phylogenetic tree revealed two main clades, which the first clade containing the botanical varieties H. speciosa var gardneri, H. speciosa var pubescens and H. speciosa var cuyabensis and secund clade containing the botanical variety H. speciosa var speciosa. The microsatellite analysis revealed on group containing botanical variety H. speciosa var speciosa, while another group consisted of other botanical varieties. The phylogeographic structure revealed five groups: two corresponded to variety H. speciosa var speciosa (individuals from Caatinga and Atlantic Rain Forest domains) and other three groups contain the botanical varieties H. speciosa var gardneri, H. speciosa var pubescens and H. speciosa var cuyabensis (individuals from Cerrado domain). The genetic structure and phylogenetic data support the two recognized botanical varieties of H. speciosa.
Genotype, phenotype and treatment outcomes of 17 Malaysian patients with infantile-onset Pompe disease and the identification of 3 novel GAA variants
Authors: Chan Mei Yan , Jalil Julaina Abdul , Ali Ernie Zuraida , Khalid Mohd Khairul Nizam Mohd , Yakob Yusnita , Wahab Siti Aishah Abdul , Chew Hui Bein , Leong Huey Yin , Sivabalakrishnan Jeya Bawani , Ngu Lock Hock 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Pompe disease is a rare glycogen storage disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA), leading to glycogen deposition in multiple tissues. Infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) patients present within the first year of life with profound hypotonia and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Treatment with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has significantly improved survival for this otherwise lethal disorder. This study aims to describe the clinical and molecular spectrum of Malaysian IOPD patients, and to analyze their long term treatment outcomes.
Methods
Seventeen patients diagnosed with IOPD between 2000 and 2020 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Clinical and biochemical data were collated and analyzed using descriptive statistics. GAA enzyme levels were performed on dried blood spots. Molecular analysis of the GAA gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing. Structural modelling was used to predict the effect of the novel mutations on enzyme structure.
Results
Our cohort had a median age of presentation of three months and median age of diagnosis of six months. Presenting features were hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (100%, n = 17), respiratory insufficiency (94%, n = 16), hypotonia (88%, n = 15), failure to thrive (82%, n = 14), feeding difficulties (76%, n = 13), and hepatomegaly (76%, n = 13). Fifteen different mutations in the GAA gene were identified, with three novel mutations, c.1552-14_1552-1del, exon 2–3 deletion and exon 6–10 deletion. The most common mutation identified was c.1935C > A, with an allele frequency of 33%. Sixteen patients received ERT at the median age of seven months. Overall survival was 29%. Mean age of death was 17.5 months. Our longest surviving patient has atypical IOPD and is currently 20 years old.
Conclusions
This is the first study to analyze the genotype and phenotype of Malaysian IOPD patients, and has identified the c.1935C > A as the most common mutation. The three novel mutations reported in this study expands the mutation spectrum for IOPD. Our low survival rate underscores the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in achieving better treatment outcomes.
Credit Card Fraud Detection using XGBoost Classifier with a Threshold Value
Authors: Maurya Ayushi , Kumar Arun , Prakash Shiv 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Over the past years, speedy development of e-commerce techniques has been observed, making it promising for society to choose the best worthwhile product. This has made us dependent on financial institutions, where everyone deals with online banking facilities. Moreover, for payment, people are preferring credit cards over other methods which thus, have a higher risk of getting compromised. Thus, it is a big responsibility of financial institutions to upgrade their existing mechanism to prevent these fraud actions. However, it has also made it easy for scammers to exploit this big chance. Credit Card Fraud Detection helps us to identify fraudulent transactions. The proposed model in this paper detects fraud transaction using the XGBoost classifier to handle the imbalanced data. In the standard approach, the threshold value is pre-defined, which will lead to poor performance. Thus, in our proposed model, calculation and comparison of different threshold values are done to obtain the best value which gives an optimum result and high efficiency.
Blood and cerebrospinal fluid flow oscillations measured with real-time phase-contrast MRI: breathing mode matters
Authors: Laganà Maria Marcella , Tella Sonia Di , Pelizzari Laura , Cazzoli Marta , Alperin Noam , Jin Ning , Zacà Domenico , Baselli Giuseppe , Baglio Francesca 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background.
The cervical blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow rates can be quantified with Phase-contrast (PC) MRI, routinely used for clinical studies. Previous MRI studies showed that venous and CSF flow alterations are linked to various pathological conditions. Since it is well known that, besides the heart beating, also the thoracic pump influences the blood and CSF dynamics, we studied the effect of different respiration modes on the blood and CSF flow rates using a real-time (RT)-PC prototype.
Methods.
Thirty healthy volunteers were examined with a 3T scanner. A RT-PC was acquired at the first cervical level to quantify the flow rates of internal carotid arteries, internal jugular veins (IJVs) and CSF. Each RT-PC was repeated three times, while the subjects were asked to breathe in three different ways for 60s each: freely (F), with a constant rate (PN) and with deep and constant respiration rate (PD). The average flow rates were computed and the power spectral density was computed for each flow rate. Low- and high-frequency peaks were identified on the spectra, their frequencies were compared to the respiratory and cardiac frequencies estimated using a thoracic band and a pulse oximeter. The area under the spectra were computed in four 0.5Hz-wide ranges, centered on the low peak, on high-frequency peak and its 2nd and 3rd harmonics, and then they were normalized by the flow rate variance. The effect of breathing patterns on average flow rates and on the normalized power was tested. Finally, the volumes displaced during inspiration were compared to those of expiration.
Results.
The low and high-frequency spectral peaks corresponded to the respiratory and cardiac frequencies. The average flow rate progressively decreased from F to PN to PD breathing, and the cardiac modulations were less predominant especially for the IJVs. The respiratory modulation increased with PD breathing. The average volumes displaced in the inspiratory phases were not significantly different from those of the expiratory one.
Conclusions.
The spectral analyses demonstrated higher respiratory modulations in the PD breathing, for the greater thoracic pump effect on the flow rates, even prevailing to the cardiac one in the IJVs.
Genetic analysis of multiple sclerosis severity identifies a novel locus and implicates CNS resilience as a major determinant of outcome
Authors: Baranzini Sergio , Sawcer Stephen , Consortium International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics , Consortium MultipleMS , *  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that results in significant neurodegeneration in the majority of those affected and is a common cause of chronic neurological disability in young adults. To provide insight into the mechanisms determining progression, we conducted a genome-wide association study of the age-related MS severity score in 12,584 cases and replicated our findings in a further 9,805 cases. We identified a significant association with rs10191329 in the DYSF-ZNF638 locus (P=3.6×10-9), the risk allele shortening the median time to require a walking aid by up to 3.7 years. We also identified suggestive association with rs149097173 in the DNM3-PIGC locus (P=2.3×10-7) and significant enrichment for expression in CNS tissues. Mendelian randomization analyses indicated a protective role for higher educational attainment. In contrast to immune-driven susceptibility, these findings indicate a key role of CNS resilience and neurocognitive reserve in determining outcome in MS.
Association of Thyroid Hormones with Diabetic Kidney Disease in Chinese Adults
Authors: Liu Meng-chao , Li Jia-lin , Wang Meng-di , Shen Cun , Meng Yuan , Zhao Wen-jing , Niu Wen-quan , Cai Zhen , Wang Yue-fen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: We sought to examine the predictive role of thyroid hormones in the risk and severity of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Methods: A total of 2832 participants were finally involved in this retrospective study. The diagnosis and classification of DKD were performed according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) risk categories. And the estimates of effect size were expressed as odds ratio (OR), with 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: After propensity score matching (PSM) on age, gender, hypertension, hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), total cholesterol（TC）and duration of diabetes, every 0.2 pg/mL increase in serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) could significantly reduce the risk of DKD by 13-21% during the moderate-risk stage (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81-0.93, P<0.001) and high-risk stage (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.74-0.85, P<0.001), and by 44% during the very high-risk stage(OR:0.56, 95% Cl: 0.52-0.61,P<0.001). While after PSM, the correlation between serum FT4 and TSH and the risk of DKD was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Our results suggest that among thyroid hormones, only serum FT3 is an independent risk factor for all stages of DKD.
Emergent Unusual Ferromagnetism and Insulator-Metal Transition in δ-Doped Ultrathin Ruthenates
Authors: Zhang Jiandi , Ali Zeeshan , Saghayezhian Mohammad , Wang Zhen , O’Hara Andrew , Shin Donghan , Ge Wenbo , Chan Ying-Ting , Wu Weida , Pantelides Sokrates , Zhu Yimei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Heterostructures of complex transition metal oxides are known to induce extraordinary emergent quantum states that arise from broken symmetry and other discontinuities at interfaces. Here we report the emergence of unusual, thickness-dependent properties in ultrathin CaRuO3 films by unique insertion of a single isovalent SrO layer (referred to as “δ-doping”). While bulk CaRuO3 is metallic and nonmagnetic, films thinner than or equal to ~15-unit cells (u.c.) are insulating though still nonmagnetic. However, δ-doping to middle of such CaRuO3 films induces an insulator-to-metal transition and unusual ferromagnetism with strong magnetoresistive behavior. The ferromagnetic ground state does not show fully long-range order. Atomically resolved imaging and density-functional-theory calculations reveal that the whole δ-doped film preserves the bulk-CaRuO3 orthorhombic structure, while appreciable structural and electronic changes are highly localized near the SrO layer. The results highlight delicate nature of magnetic ordering in CaRuO3 and subtle effects that can alter it, especially the role of A-site cation in electronic and magnetic structure additional to lattice distortion in ruthenates. It also provides a practical approach to engineer material systems via highly localized modifications in their structure and composition that may offer new routes to the design of oxide electronics.
Whole genome sequencing and analysis of 4,053 individuals in trios and mother-infant duos from the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study
Authors: Qiu Xiu , Huang Shujia , Huang Mingxi , Liu Siyang , Wang Chengrui , He Jianrong , Kuang Yashu , Lu Jinhua , Gu Yuqin , Xia Xiaoyan , Lin Shanshan , Xia Huimin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Large-scale birth cohorts that recruit trios/duos families are essential resource for determining the genetic and environmental contribution to maternal-infant’s health. While large-scale genomic studies of unrelated individuals were carried out around the world, genomic study based on birth cohorts is scarce, especially in China and Asia. Here, we present the Phase I genomic study of the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study (BIGCS), which consists of the analysis of the whole genome sequencing data of 4,053 Chinese participants in trios or mother-infant duos living in South China. We identify 18.3 million novel genetic variants and construct a reference panel that enables more accurate genotype imputation for individuals of Chinese ancestry. We identify a new ancestral component specific to southern Chinese and for the first time, have dissected the genetic relationship of 10 Chinese dialects. We reveal seven novel East-Asian specific genetic associations with total bile acid, gestational weight gain and lipid metabolism level in the maternal peripheral or fetal cord blood and have recognized the distinction of genetic effect on the same trait between adults and infants. Using inter-generational mendelian randomization, we have dissected five mechanisms related to maternal and fetal genetic effect of seven adult phenotypes on six fetal growth-related pregnancy outcomes. Our findings fill the gap of the missing diversity in human genetics and demonstrate the great value of genomic study of birth cohort in advancing the worldwide genetic knowledge and maternal-infant health.
Deciphering the mechanism about the mycorrhizal-induced resistance and susceptibility in Populus alba × P. berolinensis seedlings from the perspective of gypsy moth larvae
Authors: Tan Mingtao , Jiang Dun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affecting insect resistance in plants is well depicted at the physiological level. However, there is a lack of systematic research from the perspective of insects. In this study, we used AMF-Populus alba × P. berolinensis seedlings that could either increase or decrease the resistance to gypsy moth larvae, to elucidate the mechanism of mycorrhizal-induced resistance/susceptibility at the larval microbial and metabolic levels. The results showed that the larval growth was significantly inhibited in the AMF, Glomus mossae (GM) colonized seedlings, whereas enhanced in the Glomus intraradices (GI) colonized seedlings. Gut microbiome analysis elucidated that GM inoculation reduced the probiotic abundance (e.g., Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, Akkermansia) in gypsy moth larvae and inhibited the detoxification and metabolic functions of the gut microbiota. However, GI inoculation improved the gut environment in gypsy moth larvae by reducing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Chryseobacterium, Fusobacterium, and Neisseria) and activating specific metabolic pathways (e.g., energy metabolism). Non-targeted metabolomics analysis further revealed that GM inoculation triggers a metabolic disorder in the larval fat body, accompanied by the down-regulation of metabolic pathways involved in detoxification and energy production. The levels of differentially accumulated metabolites related to amino acid synthesis and metabolism and exogenous toxin metabolism pathways were significantly increased in the GI group. Taken together, disturbance in the gut microbial function and fat body metabolism in gypsy moth larvae led to the induction of mycorrhizal-induced resistance after GM inoculation, and GI-induced susceptibility involved in the improvement of gut environment and energy metabolism.
A method to obtain fuzzy relations between uncertain objects using similarity measure
Authors: Jana Subhankar , Mahanta Juthika 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Topological relation between geographical objects is one of the key components of geographical information system (GIS). Considering the objects to be exact with sharp boundaries, 4 intersection and 9 intersection matrices initiated the study of calculating the topological relations. Due to the extensive existence of vague spatial phenomenons, the study of uncertainty object modeling has grown rapidly. Parallelly, the relationship calculating tools have been upgraded to handle the vague concepts. The fuzzy 9 intersection matrix and Egg yolk methods are such popular tools. Although the geographical objects are themselves uncertain, surprisingly, most of these tools generate certain relations between the objects. Thereby, the qualitative nature of these tools overlook the very essence of their uncertainty. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose a quantitative fuzzy valued 9 intersection matrix to obtain a fuzzy relationship between uncertain geographical objects. Then two new similarity computation techniques have been introduced to calculate the membership grade of similarity between the proposed matrix and the known crisp matrices. These similarity computations allow two spatial objects to have partial membership against the eight established topological relations. The quantitative calculations indicate the strength of the relationship. The superiority of the proposed model is established through various numerical examples. Further, certain linguistic variables are linked to the evaluated membership grades to generate an immediate association with the known crisp relations. An example is provided in support of this association.