bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and agreement of point-of-care carotid artery examinations by experts using hand-held ultrasound devices in patients with ischaemic stroke or transitory ischaemic attack
Authors: Saxhaug Lars Mølgaard , Graven Torbjorn , Olsen Øystein , Kleinau Jens Olaf , Skjetne Kyrre , Ellekjær Hanne , Dalen Havard 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the reliability and agreement of hand-held ultrasound devices (HUDs) compared with conventional duplex ultrasound (HIGH) in examination for carotid stenosis in patients with suspected transitory ischaemic attack (TIA) or ischaemic stroke.MethodsCardiologists, experienced in carotid ultrasound, examined patients admitted to a community hospital with suspected stroke or TIA. Patients were first examined by an HUD and second by HIGH as per usual care. Different operators performed HUD and HIGH blinded to each other. On clinical discretion, CT angiography (CTA) was performed, and analysed by a radiologist blinded to the results from the ultrasound.ResultsOf 80 patients included, 9 (11%) were found to have >50% internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis on reference examination. Agreement for classification of the degree of ICA stenosis was good for HUD versus HIGH (weighted Kappa 0.76) and HUD versus CTA (weighted Kappa 0.66). Agreement between HUD and HIGH examinations was excellent when ICA was classified as <50% diameter stenosis by HUD (99% agreement), but significantly lower when ICA diameter stenosis was classified as >50% by HUD (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.42). Overall, HUD tended to overestimate the degree of carotid stenoses rather than underestimate (p=0.048).ConclusionHand-held carotid ultrasound performed by experts demonstrated good agreement with conventional duplex ultrasound. The use of HUDs was reliable for ruling out significant carotid artery disease, but less reliable for ruling in significant disease.
Impact of invasive aortic pulse pressure on coronary microvascular endothelial-independent dysfunction and on mortality in non-obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Park Hyun Woong , Corban Michel , Toya Takumi , Ahmad Ali , Ozcan Ilke , Lerman Lilach , Lerman Amir 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPulse pressure (PP), a raw index of arterial stiffness, is inversely related to coronary microvascular function, even among patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), as per non-invasive studies. We aimed to determine whether invasive aortic PP is associated with coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction (CMED) and/or coronary microvascular endothelial independent dysfunction (CMEID) in patients with non-obstructed CAD.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed a cohort of 1894 patients (mean age, 51.2 years; 1261 (66.6%) women) who presented with chest pain and non-obstructive CAD (angiographic stenosis <50%); coronary vasoreactivity was assessed in the mid-left anterior descending artery. The patients were classified based on whether aortic PP was high (≥50 mm Hg). CMEID was defined as abnormal coronary flow reserve (<2.5) or hyperaemic myocardial resistance (>2.0 mm Hg/cm/s), CMED was defined as abnormal acetylcholine-induced per cent change of coronary blood flow (≤50%).ResultsPatients with high aortic PP had a higher rate of CMEID than those with low aortic PP (40.9 vs 25.2%, p<0.001). Conversely, aortic PP was not associated with CMED. On multivariate analysis, high aortic PP was associated with CMEID occurrence (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.78; p=0.003). On follow-up (median, 150 months), all-cause death was more frequent among patients with vs without high aortic PP (20.1% vs 7.3%, log-rank p<0.001) and HR was 2.08 (95% CI 1.34 to 3.32, p=0.002) on multivariate cox regression analysis. Furthermore, among patients with low aortic PP, CMEID was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (HR 2.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 4.16, p=0.048).ConclusionIn patients with non-obstructive CAD, invasive aortic PP was significantly associated with CMEID, but not with CMED. High aortic PP was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality, but CMEID was an independent risk factor in patients with low aortic PP.
Association of strength, power, and function with muscle thickness, echo intensity, and lean tissue in older males
Authors: Paris Michael T. , Bell Kirsten E. , Avrutin Egor , Mourtzakis Marina 
Published: February 2022

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) appendicular lean tissue is used to screen older adults for sarcopenia. However, emerging data indicates that ageing-related muscle atrophy largely occurs within specific muscles, which may be masked using appendicular lean tissue. Comparisons between appendicular lean tissue and site-specific measures of muscle in relation to strength and physical function are needed to advance our understanding of these features in the context of poor muscle function in aged adults. Our primary objective was to compare correlations between lean tissue and site-specific muscle characteristics in relation to strength and physical function in older males. Older males (≥65 years) were evaluated for muscle strength, physical function (6-minute walk and 30-second sit-to-stand), and muscle size (appendicular and site-specific) and composition (echo intensity) using DXA and ultrasound. Of the 32 older males (75.4 ± 7.9 years), 12 had low appendicular lean tissue. All DXA and ultrasound muscle characteristics were associated (r = 0.39 to 0.83, p < 0.05) with torque or power producing capabilities. Except for the knee flexors, no differences in correlation coefficients were observed between muscle thickness or regional lean tissue in relation to muscle strength. Neither DXA nor ultrasound muscle characteristics were associated with physical function. In older males, ultrasound-based muscle thickness and DXA lean tissue provided similar associations with strength. Novelty: Lean tissue and muscle thickness provide similar associations with strength. Muscle thickness can distinguish low and normal appendicular lean tissue in older adults.
Distinguishing Cardiac Amyloidosis and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Thickness and Myocardial Deformation of the Right Ventricle
Authors: Liu Hui , Bai Peng , Xu Hua-Yan , Li Zhen-Lin , Xia Chun-Chao , Zhou Xiao-Yue , Gong Liang-Geng , Guo Ying-Kun 
Published: February 2022

Objectives. To compare right ventricular thickness (RVT) and deformation of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. Methods. Sixty CA (mean age 58 ± 10 years; 33 males (55%)) and sixty HCM patients (mean age 55 ± 14 years; 27 males (45%)) were retrospectively enrolled. RVT, global radical peak strain (GRPS), global longitudinal peak strain (GLPS), and global circumferential peak stain (GCPS) were analyzed. To determine the cutoff values of the RVT and RV strain parameters for distinguishing CA from HCM, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) were analyzed. Results. RVT of CA patients was significantly thicker than that of HCM patients (7.8 ± 2.1 vs 5.9 ± 1.3,

p

< 0.001). Moreover, significantly decreased RV-GRPS (12.1 ± 6.9 vs 23.5 ± 12.1,

p

< 0.001), RV-GCPS (−3.4 ± 2.2 vs −5.6 ± 3.5,

p

< 0.001), and RV-GLPS (−4.6 ± 2.3 vs −11.1 ± 4.9,

p

< 0.001) were observed in CA patients compared with HCM patients. RVT and RV strain demonstrate comparable diagnostic accuracy in differentiating CA from HCM. In particular, RV-GLPS combined with RVT showed the best performance for discriminating CA from HCM (AUC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.96,

p

= 0.0001). Conclusions. Right ventricular myocardial thickness and deformation of CA patients was more severe than HCM patients. RV-GLPS combined with RVT presents an excellent diagnostic performance in distinguishing CA and HCM.
Influence of Dietary Berberine on Liver Immune Response and Intestinal Health of Black Sea Bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) Fed with Normal and High-Lipid Diets
Authors: Wang Lei , Sagada Gladstone , Xu Bingying , Zhang Jinzhi , Shao Qingjun 
Published: February 2022

This study designed the normal diet (Con), high-lipid diet (HL), and 50 mg/kg berberine supplemented Con and HL diets (named as ConB and HLB, respectively). Fingerling black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) (initial weight

1.47
±
0.03

g) were fed these four diets for 8 weeks, and the liver immune response and intestinal health were evaluated. Fish fed the HL diet had the lowest serum glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities, while berberine supplementation significantly improved serum catalase activity (

P
<
0.05

). The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnfα), nuclear factor-kappa b (nf-κb), and interleukin 1 beta (il-1β) were significantly increased by the HL diet, whereas berberine supplementation significantly downregulated these proinflammation cytokine expressions (

P
<
0.05

). Berberine supplementation in normal and high-lipid diets significantly promoted hepatic anti-inflammation cytokines interleukin-10 (il-10) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (tgfβ-1) expressions (

P
<
0.05

). The intestinal expressions of tnfα, nf-κb, and tgfβ-1 were not significantly influenced by different treatments, while Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-sod) expression was significantly upregulated in the ConB group compared with the Con group. High-lipid diet reduced intestinal villus length. the thickness of muscularis mucosa, mucosal folds, and diversity and richness of intestinal microbiota but increased numbers of goblet cells and width of lamina propria. Berberine supplementation in high-lipid diet alleviated these pathological changes and rebalanced intestinal microbiota composition. At the genus level, fish fed the HL diet had significantly lower abundances of some probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Hydrogenophaga than that of the HLB group (

P
<
0.05

). In conclusion, berberine supplementation in high-lipid diet reduced liver inflammation, improved the antioxidative status of fish, and alleviated intestinal damage and intestinal microbiota alteration of black sea bream.
Inhibition of LSD1 Attenuates Oral Cancer Development and Promotes Therapeutic Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Blockade and YAP/TAZ Inhibition
Authors: Alhousami Thabet , Diny Michael , Ali Faiza , Shin Jennifer , Kumar Gaurav , Kumar Vikas , Campbell Joshua D. , Noonan Vikki , Hanna Glenn J. , Denis Gerald V. , Monti Stefano , Kukuruzinska Maria A. , Varelas Xaralabos , Bais Manish V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a histone demethylase that contributes to the etiology of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in part by promoting cancer stem cell phenotypes. The molecular signals regulated by LSD1, or acting with LSD1, are poorly understood, particularly in the development of OSSC. In this study, we show that conditional deletion of the Lsd1 gene or pharmacologic inhibition of LSD1 in the tongue epithelium leads to reduced development of OSCC following exposure to the tobacco carcinogen 4NQO. LSD1 inhibition attenuated proliferation and clonogenic survival and showed an additive effect when combined with the YAP inhibitor Verteporfin. Interestingly, LSD1 inhibition upregulated the expression of PD-L1, leading to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy responses.

Implications:
Collectively, our studies reveal a critical role for LSD1 in OSCC development and identification of tumor growth targeting strategies that can be combined with LSD1 inhibition for improved therapeutic application.
Navigating Critical Challenges Associated with Immunopeptidomics-Based Detection of Proteasomal Spliced Peptide Candidates
Authors: Lichti Cheryl F. , Vigneron Nathalie , Clauser Karl R. , Van den Eynde Benoit J. , Bassani-Sternberg Michal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Within the tumor immunology community, the topic of proteasomal spliced peptides (PSP) has generated a great deal of controversy. In the earliest reports, careful biological validation led to the conclusion that proteasome-catalyzed peptide splicing was a rare event. To date, six PSPs have been validated biologically. However, the advent of algorithms to identify candidate PSPs in mass spectrometry data challenged this notion, with several studies concluding that the frequency of spliced peptides binding to MHC class I was quite high. Since this time, much debate has centered around the methodologies used in these studies. Several reanalyses of data from these studies have led to questions about the validity of the conclusions. Furthermore, the biological and technical validation that should be necessary for verifying PSP assignments was often lacking. It has been suggested therefore that the research community should unite around a common set of standards for validating candidate PSPs. In this review, we propose and highlight the necessary steps for validation of proteasomal splicing at both the mass spectrometry and biological levels. We hope that these guidelines will serve as a foundation for critical assessment of results from proteasomal splicing studies.
Serra dos Cocais: retrato do patrimônio natural ameaçado entre a região metropolitana de Campinas e o aglomerado urbano de Jundiaí
Authors: Bredariol Márcio Adriano 
Published: February 2022

Este artigo aborda aspectos relacionados à importância da Serra dos Cocais, uma grande área natural localizada entre a Região Metropolitana de Campinas e o Aglomerado Urbano de Jundiaí. Não se trata de uma única serra, mas de um conjunto de pequenas serras e picos, sendo a principal a Serra dos Cocais, limite natural entre os municípios de Itatiba, Louveira,Valinhos e Vinhedo. Área de extrema importância do ponto de vista natural e cultural, a região da Serra dos Cocais guarda patrimônio natural único, com presença de vestígios de biomas rupestres com cactáceas e bromélias terrestres; rochas e matacões que nos ajudam a compreender o passado geológico do estado de São Paulo; cavernas graníticas ainda não catalogadas, além de inúmeras nascentes e ribeirões, fundamentais para o abastecimento dos municípios no entorno de Campinas e Jundiaí, que têm enfrentado períodos de grave escassez hídrica. No entanto, nos últimos anos, a Serra dos Cocais vem sendo ameaçada por processos de violenta especulação imobiliária, com a expansão de condomínios e surgimento de novos bairros em seus limites, ameaçando o patrimônio ali existente. Tal especulação imobiliária tem levado a um processo de urbanização intensa, que coloca em xeque odesenvolvimento urbano sustentável das cidades do entorno do conjunto serrano. Foi a partir dessa perspectiva que, em 2011, o Condephaat iniciou estudos a fim de estabelecer a possibilidade de tombamento da Serra dos Cocais, tendo em vista suas peculiaridades naturais e culturais. Ressalta-se, no entanto, que tal processo de tombamento foi arquivado pelo órgão em novembro de 2018, colocando em risco o patrimônio existente na região.
Os museus de território enquanto estratégia de mobilização do patrimônio ambiental e cultural
Authors: Reis Gabrielle Alves 
Published: February 2022

O uso da memória e do patrimônio são importantes estratégias para a institucionalização de novos discursos e para refletirmos sobre relações em diversas escalas. Um dos principais instrumentos para tal construção são os museus. Os museus, como instituições de memória constroem uma narrativa que privilegia determinada história e, por consequência, ocasionam o esquecimento de outras. Portanto, podemos apontar os museus como instituições com um sistema de relações sociais e um conjunto de ideias e valores. No entanto, atualmente, é possível perceber uma mudança no entendimento do que é museu: o campo da museologia se expande e mesmo os museus tradicionais não ficaram imunes à emergência da pluralidade. A partir da década de 1970, com Varine e Rivière, o modelo de ecomuseu ganha amplitude, em uma integração de projetos museológicos diversificados, associados aos conceitos “museus de comunidade” e “museu de território”. Nestes contextos, estão presentes diversos agentes, que consideram características políticas, culturais, econômicas e territoriais que influenciam na maneira como o dispositivo é utilizado, com valor simbólico atribuído ao local. Portanto, o objetivo desta atividade é compreender de maneira relacional como o patrimônio ambiental e cultural se dialogam e se destoam tendo como objeto de análise os museus de território, em contraposição aos museus tradicionais, especialmente. Apesar de diferentes tipologias nessa categoria de museu, que, aparentemente, separam o ambiental do cultural, entre ecomuseus e museus de território/desenvolvimento comunitário, é possível perceber como os caminhos se dão juntos, com mais semelhanças que diferenças.
Value of Burr‐Hole Surgery as an Adjunct to Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis in Treatment of Adult Moyamoya Disease: A Case Series
Authors: Khorasanizadeh MirHojjat , Mizuhashi Satomi , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Moore Justin , Thomas Ajith J. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Using a single indirect revascularization technique in adult patients with moyamoya disease has been associated with inconsistent outcomes. Herein, we aimed to describe treatment outcomes following combined encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis plus burr‐hole surgery (BHS) in adult moyamoya disease.

Methods
Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis combined with 1 anterior and 1 posterior burr hole per hemisphere was performed in 16 adults with moyamoya disease who presented to our center between 2013 and 2019. Patients were followed with clinical reassessments and cerebral angiograms to evaluate for neovascularization.

Results
Combined encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis and BHS procedures were performed on 24 hemispheres in 16 patients. Follow‐up ranged from 9 to 57 months, during which no new ischemic or hemorrhagic events, perioperative or long‐term complications, or deterioration of symptoms was observed. Follow‐up angiography showed evidence of additional neovascularization provided by the burr holes in 18 of the 24 hemispheres. Of 9 hemispheres with poor revascularization response to encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis, 5 achieved neovascularization at the burr‐hole sites. Older age, smoking, and cerebral infarction or hemorrhage on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging tended to correlate with absence of neovascularization following BHS.

Conclusions
BHS is a simple and safe procedure that can be done simultaneously with other indirect or direct revascularization procedures. It can provide additional neovascularization even in patients unresponsive to encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) and can be tailored to improve the blood flow in any vascular territory that may not be properly covered by standard revascularization procedures. We find value in adding BHS as an adjunct to other indirect or direct revascularization techniques such as encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis for treatment of adult moyamoya disease.
Communicating Probability Information in Weather Forecasts: Findings and Recommendations from a Living Systematic Review of the Research Literature
Authors: Ripberger Joseph , Bell Andrew , Fox Andrew , Forney Aarika , Livingston William , Gaddie Cassidy , Silva Carol , Jenkins-Smith Hank 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Probabilistic forecast information is rapidly spreading in the weather enterprise. Many scientists agree that this is a positive development, but incorporating probability information into risk communication can be challenging because communicators have little guidance about the most effective way to present it. This project endeavors to create such guidance by initiating a “living systematic review” of research studies that empirically examine the impact of risk messages that use probability information on protective action decision-making, intentions, and behaviors. In this article, we explain how we began the review, map the current state of the literature, synthesize core findings, provide actionable recommendations to assist forecasters in risk communication, and introduce an online platform that scholars and forecasters can use to interact with the data from the review. We conclude with two key points from the review that necessitate emphasis: the research literature strongly suggests that 1) average people can make sense of and use probability information if consideration is given to information presentation and 2) assuming appropriate presentation, probability information generally improves decision quality.

Significance Statement
Probability information is increasingly common in weather forecasts, but forecasters have relatively little guidance on the most effective way to communicate this information to members of the public. This project synthesizes the research literature to provide actionable recommendations to assist forecasters who are working to include probability information in risk communication messages.
Balint in the time of COVID-19: Participant and facilitator experience of virtual Balint groups compared with in-person
Authors: Samnani Sheliza , Awal Masud 
Published: February 2022

Background Current literature highlights peer and psychological support as important for staff well-being, to cope in pandemic conditions. Aims Our organisation increased Balint group provision during unfamiliar challenges of COVID-19. This unique context allowed comparison of multiple new virtual and face-to-face (F2F) Balint experiences. Method Following March 2020 lockdown, four existing Balint groups for doctors in psychiatry moved to online, with two new groups established virtually in specific response to the pandemic. All participants and facilitators of these virtual Balint groups were sent a questionnaire to anonymously rate their experience and provide qualitative feedback. Results The response rate was 89% for participants (51 respondents) and 100% for facilitators (5 respondents). Participants found both formats supportive; providing a space to talk, feel heard and validated, helping work feel less stressful. Participant ratings slightly favoured F2F, but some prefer to continue virtually. Facilitators felt virtual attendance was easier, but adherence to conventional Balint group structure and format more difficult. Conclusions Participant and facilitator responses demonstrate Balint groups, when both F2F and virtual, were experienced as a source of support and connectivity, being valued across different psychiatry grades. Notable virtual benefits seem to be limited to more practical aspects, that is, time, flexibility, logistics and accessibility. There are expressed challenges of virtual Balint; however, some participants still favour this format going forward. Our findings endorse virtual Balint as a welcomed means of emotional well-being, peer support and developing psychotherapeutic competencies during pandemic-related restrictions, with potential to extend beyond COVID-19.