bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case of Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis Following Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection—A Rare Presentation
Authors: Singh Kushagra , Lohiya Sham , Ganvir Shubhangi , Damke Sachin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) results from infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Typical presentations include fever, shortness of breath, and cough though neurological manifestations have been rarely reported. Acute necrotizing encephalitis is a rare manifestation of COVID-19 and can be associated with devastating neurological outcomes. Difficulty in timely acquisition of neuroimaging and high rates of early mortality in these patients hinder timely diagnosis. In this clinicoradiological syndrome, patients suffer from rapidly worsening encephalopathy in first 2 weeks of illness and necrotizing parenchymal changes on neuroimaging. The pathophysiology is hypothesized to occur due to cytokine storm, blood–brain-barrier dysfunction, and viral-mediated immune dysregulation leading to endotheliopathy. Early immunomodulatory treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids is associated with a favorable outcome. Here, we report a one-and-half-year-old boy who presented with fever, seizures, and decreased activity since 3 days. He was noted to have hypertonia in all four limbs with exaggerated deep tendon reflexes. Nasopharyngeal reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 was positive. Magnetic resonance imaging brain was suggestive of acute necrotizing encephalopathy. Patient was treated with steroids.
Targeted Renal Biopsy: Predictors on Imaging
Authors: Trivedi Janki , Talwar Arpit , Nada Ahmed , Li Simon , Lee Adele , Sutherland Tom R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives The renal nephrometry score uses imaging characteristics such as lesion diameter, location, and proximity to hilar vessels to categorize renal masses by complexity for preoperative planning. These characteristics may also be used to determine the best approach to targeted renal biopsy. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of renal lesion characteristics as measured by the renal nephrometry score on the choice of modality used for performing a targeted renal lesion biopsy and increasing the chance of yielding a diagnostic biopsy.
Materials and Methods All targeted computed tomography (CT)/ultrasound-guided renal biopsies performed by our radiology department from January 2017 to February 2020 were reviewed. Radiological characteristics and pathological outcomes were recorded with data on lesion size/ side, location in craniocaudal/anterior–posterior planes, endophytic/exophytic/mixed nature, and skin-lesion distance.
Statistical Analysis Chi-squared tests, multivariate analysis, and t-tests were used in this study.
Results Of the 145 consecutive patients included in the study, 86.2% (125/145) biopsies were diagnostic. About 54.5% (79/145) biopsies were ultrasound-guided, while 45.5% (66/145) were CT-guided. About 62.1% (90/145) biopsies revealed renal cell carcinoma. The highest rate of diagnostic biopsy was in the exophytic, laterally positioned mass either entirely below lower polar or above upper polar line. Ultrasound was preferred for lesions under 4cm and 4 to 7cm (p = 0.06). CT was used for anterior lesions and ultrasound for posterior and lateral lesions (p < 0.001). Of the 20 nondiagnostic biopsies, 7/20 had a repeat biopsy, 7/20 underwent surveillance, 5/20 underwent partial or total nephrectomy, and 1/20 underwent a pathological lymph node biopsy.
Conclusions Our study highlights some factors radiologists should consider when predicting whether CT or ultrasound guidance is more appropriate and the probability of achieving a diagnostic biopsy based on lesion characteristics. At our institution, both modalities achieved high accuracy, although we favored ultrasound in lateral, posterior, and small lesions. These factors should be weighed against local experience and preference.
Identifying Genetic Etiology in Patients with Intellectual Disability: An Experience in Public Health Services in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: de Carvalho Acacia Fernandes Lacerda , Alves Esmeralda Santos , Pitanga Paula Monique Leite , Ribeiro Erlane Marques , Doriqui Maria Juliana Rodovalho , Toralles Maria Betânia Pereira , Topázio Bianca Arcaro , dos Santos Jéssica Fernandes , de Lima Renata Lúcia Leite Ferreira , Kulikowski Leslie Domenici , Acosta Angelina Xavier 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntellectual disability (ID) is considered a common neuropsychiatric disorder that affects up to 3% of the population. The etiologic origin of ID may be genetic, environmental, and multifactorial. Chromosomopathies are relatively common among the genetic causes of ID, especially in the most severe cases and those associated with dysmorphic features. Currently, the application of new molecular cytogenetics technologies has increasingly allowed the identification of microdeletions, microduplications, and unbalanced translocations as causes of ID. The objective of this study was to investigate the etiology of ID in patients admitted to a public hospital in Northeastern Brazil. In total, 119 patients with ID who had normal karyotypes and fragile X exams participated in this study. The patients were initially physically examined for microdeletion syndromes and then tested using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), methylation-sensitive polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR), and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA), according to clinical suspicion. Patients with no diagnoses after FISH, MLPA, and/or MS-PCR evaluations were subsequently tested by CMA. The rate of etiologic diagnoses of ID in the current study was 28%. FISH diagnosed 25 out of 79 tested (31%), MLPA diagnosed 26 out of 79 tested (32%), MS-PCR diagnosed 7 out of 20 tested (35%), and the single nucleotide polymorphism array diagnosed 6 out of 27 tested (22%). Although the CMA is the most complete and recommended tool for the diagnosis of microdeletions, microduplications, and unbalance translocations in patients with ID, FISH, MLPA, and MS-PCR testing can be used as the first tests for specific syndromes, as long as the patients are first physically screened clinically, especially in the public health networks system in Brazil, where resources are scarce.
Organized interests in post-communist policy-making: a new dataset for comparative research
Authors: Dobbins Michael , Labanino Rafael Pablo , Riedel Rafał , Czarnecki Szczepan , Horváth Brigitte , Szyszkowska Emilia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article familiarizes readers with the international research project ‘The Missing Link: Exploring Organized Interests in Post-Communist Policy-Making’ (OrgIntCEE). The project team has focused on how populations of organized interests in the region have evolved, how they interact with state institutions as well as the group-specific characteristics driving access to policy-makers. The project also explores how Europeanization has affected post-communist interest groups as well as other factors contributing to their “coming-of-age.” We provide a comprehensive overview of the population ecology and survey datasets, while shedding light on the challenges during the data collection process. After a short overview of the project context and structure, we present some country-specific aggregated data on organizational densities and their political activity. We also reflect on potential uses for the data, before wrapping up the article with a self-critical assessment of what could have been done differently as a roadmap for future research.
Seed priming and soil application of zinc decrease grain cadmium accumulation in standard and zinc-biofortified wheat cultivars
Authors: Umar Ayta , Hussain Shahid 
Published: November 2022

Context Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal for both plants and humans. Wheat grown on Cd-contaminated soils may accumulate toxic levels of Cd in grains. Aim This study aimed to compare soil zinc (Zn) application and seed Zn-priming for decreasing grain Cd concentration in standard and Zn-biofortified wheat cultivars grown on Cd-spiked soil. Methods Standard (Jauhar-2016) and Zn-biofortified (Zincol-2016) wheat cultivars were grown in pots filled with Cd-spiked soil (8 mg Cd kg−1). The tested Zn treatments were un-primed, hydro-primed, and Zn-primed seeds with and without soil Zn application at 8 mg kg−1. Key results Zinc treatments significantly mitigated the toxic effects of Cd on the growth and physiological parameters of both cultivars. As compared to control, all Zn treatments significantly increased Zn and decreased Cd concentration in grains of the cultivars. On average, the maximum increase in grain Zn concentration over control was approximately 36% with Zn-priming + soil Zn. The same treatment, as compared to control, decreased grain Cd concentration by 42% in Zincol-2016 and 35% in Jauhar-2016. Grain Cd concentration was within the permissible level (≤0.2 mg kg−1) in Jauhar-2016 at all Zn treatments and in Zincol-2016 at Zn-priming + soil Zn. Conclusion Soil Zn application, seed Zn-priming, and their combination were effective in decreasing grain Cd accumulation in wheat grown on Cd-contaminated soil. Implication Zinc treatments, especially the combination of soil Zn application and seed Zn-priming, should be recommended for wheat grown on Cd-contaminated soil.
The biology of giant ostracods (Crustacea, Cyprididae), a review focusing on the Mytilocypridinae from Australian inland waters
Authors: Rahman Mahabubur , Chaplin Jennifer , Pinder Adrian 
Published: November 2022

This study uses published and unpublished data to create a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of available information on a little-known group of invertebrates, namely, non-marine giant ostracods (cypridids ≥3 mm long). Approximately 8% of the ∼1000 living cypridid species are identified as ‘giant’. They occur in a range of subfamilies, in all zoogeographic regions, except Antarctica, and mainly in small standing-water ecosystems. Only those in the subfamily Mytilocypridinae are reasonably well studied. This subfamily is endemic to Australia and comprises a diverse range of giant species (∼29 species in 6 genera), mainly in temporary habitats, mostly salt lakes, including in extreme conditions. We evaluate the current taxonomy of the Mytilocypridinae, analyse patterns in the field distributions and abiotic tolerances of species, and review the general biology of these ostracods. We also identify those species most in need of consideration in conservation planning, highlight critical gaps in knowledge and show how these ostracods could serve as useful models for testing ecological and evolutionary theories. The results of this study can be used to inform conservation planning for giant ostracods and direct further study of these unique invertebrates, which are an important component of the biodiversity of small standing-water ecosystems.
Interindividual variability in metabolic adaptation of non‐exercise activity thermogenesis after a 1‐year weight loss intervention in former elite athletes
Authors: Nunes Catarina L. , Rosa Gil B. , Jesus Filipe , Heymsfield Steven B. , Minderico Cláudia S. , Martins Paulo , Sardinha Luis B. , Silva Analiza M. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTLack of efficacy of weight loss(WL) interventions is attributed in‐part to low adherence to dietary/physical activity(PA) recommendations. However, some compensation may occur in PA as a response to energy restriction such as a decrease in non‐exercise PA(NEPA) or non‐exercise activity thermogenesis(NEAT). The current study aim was (1) to investigate whether adaptive thermogenesis(AT) in NEAT occurs after WL, and (2) to understand the associations of these compensations with WL. Ninety‐four former athletes [mean±SD, age: 43.0±9.4y, BMI: 31.1±4.3 kg/m2, 34.0% female] were recruited and randomly assigned to intervention or control groups (IG, CG). The IG underwent a one‐year lifestyle WL‐intervention; no treatments were administered to the CG. PA was measured using accelerometery and NEAT was predicted with a model including sample baseline characteristics. AT was calculated as measuredNEAT4mo/12mo(kcal/d)–predictedNEAT4mo/12mo(kcal/d)‐measuredNEATbaseline(kcal/d)–predictedNEATbaseline(kcal/d). Dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry was used to assess fat‐free mass and fat mass. No differences were found in the IG for NEAT or NEPA after WL. Considering mean values, AT was not found for either group. The SD of individual response (SDIR) for AT was −2(4‐months) and 24(12‐months) (smallest worthwhile change = 87kcal/d), suggesting that the interindividual variability regarding AT in NEAT is not relevant and the variability in this outcome might reflect a large within‐subject variability and/or a large degree of random measurement error. No associations were found between AT in NEAT and changes in body composition. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms behind the large variability in AT observed in NEAT and related changes in NEPA to better implement lifestyle‐induced WL interventions.
Relativistic solutions of generalized-Dunkl harmonic and anharmonic oscillators
Authors: Hassanabadi S , Kříž J , Lütfüoğlu B C , Hassanabadi H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dunkl derivative enriches solutions by discussing parity due to its reflection operator. Very recently, one of the authors of this manuscript presented one of the most general forms of Dunkl derivative that depends on three Wigner parameters to have a better tuning. In this manuscript, we employ the latter generalized Dunkl derivative in a relativistic equation to examine two dimensional harmonic and anharmonic oscillators solutions. We obtain the solutions by Nikiforov-Uvarov and quasi-exact solvability (QES) methods, respectively. We show that degenerate states can occur according to the Wigner parameter values.
Loop Quantum Gravity motivated multihorizon rotating black holes
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Islam Shafqat Ul , Ghosh Sushant G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With a semiclassical polymerization in the loop quantum gravity (LQG), the interior of the Schwarzschild black holes provides a captivating single-horizon regular black hole spacetime. The shortage of rotating black hole models in loop quantum gravity (LQG) substantially restrains the progress of testing LQG from observations. Motivated by this, starting with a spherical LQG black hole as a seed metric, we construct a rotating spacetime using the revised Newman-Janis algorithm, namely, the LQG-motivated rotating black holes (LMRBH), which encompasses Kerr (l = 0) black holes as an exceptional case. We discover that for any random l > 0, unlike Kerr black hole, an extremal LMRBH refers to a black hole with angular momentum a > M. The rotating metric, in parameter space, describes (1) black holes with an event and Cauchy horizon, (2) black holes with three horizons, (3) black holes with only one horizon or (4) no horizon spacetime. We also discuss the horizon and global structure of the LMRBH spacetimes and its dependence on l/M that exhibits rich spacetime structures in the (M, a, l) parameter space.
Hazma meets HERWIG4DM: precision gamma-ray, neutrino, and positron spectra for light dark matter
Authors: Coogan Adam , Morrison Logan , Plehn Tilman , Profumo Stefano , Reimitz Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present a new open-source package,Hazma 2, that computes accurate spectra relevant for indirect dark matter searches for photon, neutrino, and positron production from vector-mediated dark matter annihilation and for spin-one dark matter decay. The tool bridges across the regimes of validity of two state of the art codes:Hazma 1, which provides an accurate description below hadronic resonances up to center-of-mass energies around 250 MeV, andHerwig4DM, which is based on vector meson dominance and measured form factors, and accurate well into the few GeV range. The applicability of the combined code extends to approximately 1.5 GeV, above which the number of final state hadrons off of which we individually compute the photon, neutrino, and positron yield grows exceedingly rapidly. We provide example branching ratios, particle spectra and conservative observational constraints from existing gamma-ray data for the well-motivated cases of decaying dark photon dark matter and vector-mediated fermionic dark matter annihilation. Finally, we compare our results to other existing codes at the boundaries of their respective ranges of applicability.Hazma 2is freely available on GitHub athttps://github.com/LoganAMorrison/Hazma.
Quantum memory based on SiV-centers in nanodiamonds
Authors: Berezhnoi A D , Zakirov A I , Kalachev A A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Recently, the possibility of implementing a cavity-enhanced off-resonant Raman quantum memory in an ensemble of silicon-vacancy centers in diamond has been studied (Kalachev et al 2019 Laser Phys.
29 104001). It was shown that the signal-to-noise ratio can significantly exceed unity for short single-photon input pulses if the orbital level splitting in the ground state of the color centers is significantly enhanced by strain. The latter results in decreasing the coherence time between the two available orbital branches of the ground state, though. In the present work, we consider the possibility of increasing the storage time due to the use of nanodiamonds. It is shown that suppression of direct electron-phonon transitions in the diamond nanocrystals makes it possible to increase the coherence time of both orbital and spin qubits by orders of magnitude.
Measurement of X-ray production cross sections for lower-energy (0.7-3 MeV) proton induced Cu_K, Ag_L and Au_M X-rays from thick samples
Authors: Hussain J , Ahmad I , Bhatti S H , Awais A , Shoaib M , Yu L D , Tippawan U 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe conducted a series of fundamental research-based experimentations to measure the X-ray production cross sections of K-, L-, and M-shells from thick samples of Cu, Ag and Au, respectively, for proton beam in a lower energy range of 0.7 - 3.5 MeV utilizing particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis. The measurement theories based on the Merzbacher-Lewis (ML) relationship and procedure for thick samples are described. The detector efficiency and system calibration were first measured from Fe-55 and Am-241 X-ray sources and the standard sample, respectively. The X-ray yields as a function of the proton energy were measured and fitted for finding the derivatives which were used for the cross section measurement. The obtained results were compared with published data and predictions from the theoretical models of Plane Wave Born Approximation (PWBA) and the advanced ECPSSR. The measured results from Cu were in good agreement with the theoretical predictions, especially in the lower energy regime, and most of the reported data, while for the higher energy regime deviated by a few times but still in the same order of magnitude with the theoretical data. The Ag and Au results were in excellent agreement with published and theoretical values.
An expert-assisted system for improving the quality of IBA simulations by SIMNRA
Authors: Mayer M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
SIMNRA is a popular software suite for the simulation of ion beam analysis (IBA) spectra. SIMNRA 7.04 implements a new expert system supporting users in selecting the most accurate simulation settings for a given ion/target combination at a given energy and geometry. The expert system is a piece of artificial intelligence emulating the ability and knowledge of a human IBA expert. It points out potential problems with the current simulation parameters and recommends model settings with enhanced accuracy.
Ion beam induced luminescence (IBIL) analysis of europium-activated phosphate glass micro-beads scintillators at clinical carbon beam therapy field
Authors: Akiyama Shun , Nakajima Runa , Sasaki Aika , Kimura Shigeki , Iiduka Kazuya , Akagami Yuki , Sakai Makoto , Hanaizumi Osamu , Kada Wataru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The possibility of real-time monitoring of clinical carbon beams was investigated by analyzing ion beam induced luminescence (IBIL) using phosphate glass (PG) with a dopant of europium (Eu). Phosphate glass with a silver activator (PG: Ag) is known as a substrate for personal dosimeters. Several trials are being made by utilizing PG: Ag as an in-situ diagnostic tool for the clinical radiation therapy field. However, silvers are not actively responding to the radiation during the irradiation because of their build-up effect. In this study, we introduced a co-activator of europium, which is expected to coexist with silvers and have a scintillator property for real-time response. IBIL was successfully visualized with each bunch of 290 MeV/n from synchrotron under different beam intensity from 6.0×106 to 3.0×109 (clinical beam condition) counts/spill. IBIL measurement at each position of Bragg peak suggested that developed PG:Ag-beads with Eu co-activators have successfully demonstrated real-time radiation monitoring of clinical carbon beams.
Particle orbit optimization in the beam extraction region of a cold cathode PIG negative ion source for electrostatic tandem accelerators
Authors: Liu Hong-Fu , Hagura Naoto , Kawarabayashi Jun , Oguri Yoshiyuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
When using a PIG (Penning Ion Gauge) type ion source for production of negative ions, these ions must be extracted from a hole on the side of the anode cylinder, perpendicularly to the magnetic field for plasma confinement. As a result, unnecessary deflection force works on the extracted beam. This study aims to improve the ion extraction efficiency of a cold-cathode PIG negative-ion source. The idea is to reduce the beam loss by cancelling the stray magnetic field from the source by placing small dipole magnets in the extraction electrode. Through the measurement of the magnetic field distribution and beam trajectory calculation, it was numerically confirmed that the beam trajectory can be corrected by this small dipole magnet with a peak magnetic field of about 50 mT under the present experimental condition.
Quality evaluation of Spacecraft control system under the implementation of product assurance elements
Authors: Jingyu Xu , Songbai Yu , Hong Wang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For the satellite Control system, the product assurance work is evaluated from design process, production development process, product testing and validation process, subsystem acceptance process, subsystem test and validation process, test and validation process of the subsystem under the spacecraft. This paper mainly describes the product assurance quality control model of the satellite control system development process, quantifying the results of product assurance quality management, obtaining the accurate quality assessment data of the satellite control system, and obtaining the final quality reliability results of the satellite control system.
Development of high precision digital magnetometer
Authors: Hao Dan , Hou Qiong , Xiao Peng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the low measurement accuracy of magnetometer, a high stability constant current source circuit is developed to drive indium arsenide Hall sensor, designs a self stabilizing zero preamplifier to pick up the magnetic field signal, and uses a low-noise circuit structure to adaptively adjust the signal amplification to make the magnetic field signal reach the highest signal-to-noise ratio. After analog-to-digital conversion with high-linearity ADC, the least square method is used to correct the nonlinearity caused by the hall sensor, so as to improve the accuracy of the magnetometer in the whole range. Through verification and test, the accuracy of the magnetometer is better than 0.5% within the measuring range of 3T, which meets the requirements of high-precision magnetic field measurement in industrial production.