bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Nitrobenzoyl Sesquiterpenoid Insulicolide A Prevents Osteoclast Formation via Suppressing c-Fos-NFATc1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tan Yanhui , Ke Minhong , Li Zhichao , Chen Yan , Zheng Jiehuang , Wang Yiyuan , Zhou Xuefeng , Huang Gang , Li Xiaojuan 
Published: January 2022

It is a viable strategy to inhibit osteoclast differentiation for the treatment of osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and tumor bone metastases. Here we assessed the effects of insulicolide A, a natural nitrobenzoyl sesquiterpenoid derived from marine fungus, on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-stimulated osteoclastogenesis in vitro and its protective effects on LPS-induced osteolysis mice model in vivo. The results demonstrated that insulicolide A inhibited osteoclastogenesis from 1 μM in vitro. Insulicolide A could prevent c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) nuclear translocation and attenuate the expression levels of osteoclast-related genes and DC-STAMP during RANKL-stimulated osteoclastogenesis but have no effects on NF-κB and MAPKs. Insulicolide A can also protect the mice from LPS-induced osteolysis. Our research provides the first evidence that insulicolide A may inhibit osteoclastogenesis both in vitro and in vivo, and indicates that it may have potential for the treatment of osteoclast-related diseases.
Inhibition of the Aquaporin-1 Cation Conductance by Selected Furan Compounds Reduces Red Blood Cell Sickling
Authors: Chow Pak Hin , Cox Charles D. , Pei Jinxin V. , Anabaraonye Nancy , Nourmohammadi Saeed , Henderson Sam W. , Martinac Boris , Abdulmalik Osheiza , Yool Andrea J. 
Published: January 2022

In sickle cell disease (SCD), the pathological shift of red blood cells (RBCs) into distorted morphologies under hypoxic conditions follows activation of a cationic leak current (Psickle) and cell dehydration. Prior work showed sickling was reduced by 5-hydroxylmethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF), which stabilized mutant hemoglobin and also blocked the Psickle current in RBCs, though the molecular basis of this 5-HMF-sensitive cation current remained a mystery. Work here is the first to test the hypothesis that Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) cation channels contribute to the monovalent component of Psickle. Human AQP1 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes were evaluated for sensitivity to 5-HMF and four derivatives known to have differential efficacies in preventing RBC sickling. Ion conductances were measured by two-electrode voltage clamp, and osmotic water permeability by optical swelling assays. Compounds tested were: 5-HMF; 5-PMFC (5-(phenoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde); 5-CMFC (5-(4-chlorophenoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde); 5-NMFC (5-(2-nitrophenoxymethyl)-furan-2-carbaldehyde); and VZHE006 (tert-butyl (5-formylfuran-2-yl)methyl carbonate). The most effective anti-sickling agent, 5-PMFC, was the most potent inhibitor of the AQP1 ion conductance (98% block at 100 µM). The order of sensitivity of the AQP1 conductance to inhibition was 5-PMFC &gt; VZHE006 &gt; 5-CMFC ≥ 5-NMFC, which corresponded with effectiveness in protecting RBCs from sickling. None of the compounds altered AQP1 water channel activity. Combined application of a selective AQP1 ion channel blocker AqB011 (80 µM) with a selective hemoglobin modifying agent 5-NMFC (2.5 mM) increased anti-sickling effectiveness in red blood cells from human SCD patients. Another non-selective cation channel known to be expressed in RBCs, Piezo1, was unaffected by 2 mM 5-HMF. Results suggest that inhibition of AQP1 ion channels and capacity to modify hemoglobin are combined features of the most effective anti-sickling agents. Future therapeutics aimed at both targets could hold promise for improved treatments for SCD.
The Experience of Insomnia in Patients With Schizophrenic Disorder: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Batalla-Martín David , Martorell-Poveda Maria-Antonia , Belzunegui-Eraso Angel , Miralles Garijo Eva , Del-Cuerpo Serratosa Ana , Valdearcos Pérez JuanCarlos , Montané Escobar Miquel , Lopez-Ruiz Marina 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundInsomnia is a health problem that particularly affects people with schizophrenia. Its repercussions go beyond the disorder itself and affect many areas of life. The aim of the present study is to explore the clinical symptoms and consequences of insomnia in patients diagnosed with schizophrenic disorder and the perceptions of these patients regarding the care they receive.MethodsThe study takes a qualitative approach and uses semi-structured interviews to conduct a descriptive and interpretive analysis of 3 clinically different clusters of patients. These 3 clusters have been defined by using two-step cluster analysis based on the results of the ISI (Insomnia Severity Index) and EQ-5D scales (EuroQol-5D) and the presence of certain diagnostic symptoms in a sample of 170 patients. The final sample was 31 subjects. The analysis was based on a hermeneutic analysis of the patients' narratives regarding their experiences of insomnia.ResultsThe patients' narratives show differences in the intensity and experience of insomnia depending on the severity, as well as its impact on their quality of life. Insomnia has a huge emotional impact. Participants describe ruminations and obsessive thoughts as a key factor hindering falling asleep. Some of the everyday actions they perform encourage the chronicity of insomnia. The desired health response must include interventions that are effective, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy, and powerful, such as pharmacological solutions. Psychoeducation and advice on sleep hygiene are highly valued tools as preventive strategies.ConclusionsTo know the experience of users gives us a more comprehensive understanding of insomnia complexities and brings some new intervention strategies in patients with mental disorders. It is important that health professionals intervene preventively to stop the disorder from becoming chronic.
COVID-19 Pandemic Preparedness in Egypt's Teaching Hospitals: A Needs Assessment Study
Authors: Abd El Ghaffar Muhammad Mostafa , Salem Marwa Rashad , Al Soda Mohamed Fawzy , Abd El Razik Madiha Said , Tahoon MarwAli Hassab , Tahoon Mohamed Fathy , Eysa Basem , Hegazy Abd Elfattah Elsayed , Eleraky Abdelkarem Emam , Eltayar Ayman A. , Eldarandly Wael Mahmoud Hossam El Din , Omran Dalia 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionRegular collection and monitoring of data describing the dynamics of the utilization of healthcare services, especially in teaching hospitals (TH), which provide model quality medical services, are critical for COVID-19 pandemic preparedness.MethodsThe researchers analyzed data and information derived from service statistics reports from June 1st to July 15th, 2020 in terms of hospital resources, as well as utilization patterns of beds, ICU, and ventilators, for 11 screening hospitals affiliated with the General Organization of Teaching Hospitals and institutes in Egypt assigned by the Ministry of Health and Population to provide medical care for COVID-19 patients. Hospital indicators in terms of COVID-19 screening services, as well as utilization patterns of inpatient beds, ICU beds, and ventilators were computed.ResultsA total of 78,869 non-medical personnel and 2,176 medical personnel were presented with COVID-19 triage symptoms. Investigations conducted in the targeted 11 hospitals delineated that 22.2% of non-medical personnel and 27.9% of medical personnel were COVID-19 PCR-confirmed cases. The inpatient bed occupancy rate was 70% for non-medical patients and 67% for medical staff patients. For ICU, the bed occupancy rate was 92 % for non-medical patients and 88% for medical patients. Among the confirmed cases, 38% of medical patients utilized a ventilator vs. 36% of medical personnel cases. Hospital ranking according to utilization pattern among non-medical personnel, Hospital H ranked first in terms of the high load of screening services. Hospital C ranked first regarding the number of confirmed cases, whereas Hospital D ranked first for high ICU utilization among all teaching hospital ICU cases. With respect to medical personnel, Hospital G ranked first for the high load of screening services for the total studied cases. Hospital G ranked first for the number of confirmed cases. Hospital B ranked first regarding high ICU utilization among all teaching hospital ICU cases.ConclusionTeaching hospitals have demonstrated preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic by maintaining an inpatient bed occupancy rate of 70% or less and ventilator utilization at &lt;40% of confirmed cases. However, the ICU bed occupancy rate was more than 90% indicating a shortage of resources. In addition, there is variance across hospitals regarding caseload for resource reallocation decisions.
Burnout and Well-Being Among Medical Professionals in China: A National Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xiao Ying , Dong Dong , Zhang Huanyu , Chen Peipei , Li Xiangyan , Tian Zhuang , Jing Zhicheng , Zhang Shuyang 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the profile of Chinese medical professionals with burnout symptoms at the national level and identify the association between capability well-being and burnout.Design and SettingA cross-sectional study in a nonrandom national sample of medical staff from 6 provinces across western, central and eastern China.ParticipantsPhysicians, medical laboratory scientists, nurses, and general practitioners aged 18 years or above who submitted a completed online questionnaire from June 2019 to January 2020 successfully (N = 25,120).Main Outcome MeasuresThe prevalence of burnout symptoms was assessed by the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), which consists of three domains: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal achievement (PA). The overall high burnout was defined as EE score ≥27 or DP score ≥10. The capability well-being was measured by the Investigating Choice Experiments Capability Measure for Adults (ICECAP-A) and the overall ICECAP-A score was calculated using the UK value set, ranging from a score of 0–1. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association between well-being and the overall high burnout.ResultsAmong the 25,120 participants, 60.8% of the participants reported at least one symptom of burnout, whereas 11.2% reported all three symptoms of burnout. In the adjusted model, ICECAP-A score was independently associated with high burnout (AOR = 0.018, 95% CI = 0.015–0.022). Medical staff who were males, with shorter working years, working in tertiary hospitals, and those with the specialties of psychiatry, intensive care, emergency medicine, internal medicine, oncology, and pediatrics were at higher risk of reporting burnout symptoms.ConclusionThe burnout symptoms were relatively common among Chinese medical staff and they were found to be independently associated with capability well-being in health professionals. Interventions should be enhanced on vulnerable groups to reduce burnout and promote well-being in future studies.
A Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial of Priming Interventions to Increase Hand Hygiene at Ward Entrances
Authors: Schmidtke Kelly Ann , Aujla Navneet , Marshall Tom , Hussain Abid , Hodgkinson Gerard P. , Arheart Kristopher L. , Birnbach David J. , Kudrna Laura , Vlaev Ivo 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundResearch conducted in the United States suggests that two primes (citrus smells and pictures of a person's eyes) can increase hand gel dispenser use on the day they are introduced in hospital. The current study, conducted at a hospital in the United Kingdom, evaluated the effectiveness of these primes, both in isolation and in combination, at the entry way to four separate wards, over a longer duration than the previous work.MethodsA crossover randomized controlled trial was conducted. Four wards were allocated for 6 weeks of observation to each of four conditions, including “control,” “olfactory,” “visual,” or “both” (i.e., “olfactory” and “visual” combined). It was hypothesized that hand hygiene compliance would be greater in all priming conditions relative to the control condition. The primary outcome was whether people used the gel dispenser when they entered the wards. After the trial, a follow up survey of staff at the same hospital assessed the barriers to, and facilitators of, hand hygiene compliance. The trial data were analyzed using regression techniques and the survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsThe total number of individuals observed in the trial was 9,811 (female = 61%), with similar numbers across conditions, including “control” N = 2,582, “olfactory” N = 2,700, “visual” N = 2,488, and “both” N = 2,141. None of the priming conditions consistently increased hand hygiene. The lowest percentage compliance was observed in the “both” condition (7.8%), and the highest was observed in the “visual” condition (12.7%). The survey was completed by 97 staff (female = 81%). “Environmental resources” and “social influences” were the greatest barriers to staff cleaning their hands.ConclusionsTaken together, the current findings suggest that the olfactory and visual priming interventions investigated do not influence hand hygiene consistently. To increase the likelihood of such interventions succeeding, future research should focus on prospectively determined mechanisms of action.
Covid Adult Mortality in Brazil: An Analysis of Multiple Causes of Death
Authors: Nogales Vasconcelos Ana Maria , Ishitani Lenice , Abreu Daisy Maria Xavier , França Elisabeth 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the chain of events and contributing causes associated with COVID-19 adult mortality (30–69 years old), based on qualified data on CoD from three Brazilian capitals cities, Belo Horizonte, Salvador, and Natal, in 2020.MethodsData of all deaths among residents in the three capitals in 2020 were provided by these municipalities' routine Mortality Information System (SIM). Mentions B34.2 with the markers U07.1 and U07.2 in the death certificate identified COVID-19 deaths. We used a multiple-cause-of-death approach better to understand the complexity of the morbid process of COVID-19. Conditions that appeared more frequently in the same line or above the COVID-19 mentions in the death certificate were considered a chain-of-event. Conditions that occurred more often after the codes for COVID-19 were considered as contributing.ResultsIn 2020, 7,029 records from COVID-19 as the underlying cause of death were registered in SIM in the three capitals. Among these, 2,921 (41.6%) were deceased between 30 and 69 years old, representing 17.0% of deaths in this age group. As chain-of-events, the most frequent conditions mentioned were sepsis (33.4%), SARS (32.0%), acute respiratory failure (31.9%), unspecified lower respiratory infections (unspecified pneumonia) (20.1%), and other specified respiratory disorders (14.1%). Hypertension (33.3%), diabetes unspecified type (21.7%), renal failure (12.7%), obesity (9.8%), other chronic kidney diseases (4.9%), and diabetes mellitus type 2 (4.7%) were the most frequent contributing conditions. On average, 3.04 conditions were mentioned in the death certificate besides COVID-19. This average varied according to age, place of death, and capital.ConclusionThe multiple-cause analysis is a powerful tool to better understand the morbid process due to COVID-19 and highlight the importance of chronic non-communicable diseases as contributing conditions.
Operationalizing a Rideshare Intervention for Colonoscopy Completion: Barriers, Facilitators, and Process Recommendations
Authors: Bell-Brown Ari , Chew Lisa , Weiner Bryan J. , Strate Lisa , Balmadrid Bryan , Lewis Cara C. , Hannon Peggy , Inadomi John M. , Ramsey Scott D. , Issaka Rachel B. 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionTransportation is a common barrier to colonoscopy completion for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. The study aims to identify the barriers, facilitators, and process recommendations to implement a rideshare non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT) intervention following colonoscopy completion within a safety-net healthcare setting.MethodsWe used informal stakeholder engagement, story boards—a novel user-centered design technique, listening sessions and the nominal group technique to identify the barriers, facilitators, and process to implementing a rideshare NEMT program following colonoscopy completion in a large safety-net healthcare system.ResultsBarriers to implementing a rideshare NEMT intervention for colonoscopy completion included: inability to expand an existing NEMT program beyond Medicaid patients and lack of patient chaperones with rideshare NEMT programs. Facilitators included: commercially available rideshare NEMT platforms that were lower cost and had shorter wait times than the alternative of taxis. Operationalizing and implementing a rideshare NEMT intervention in our healthcare system required the following steps: 1) identifying key stakeholders, 2) engaging stakeholder groups in discussion to identify barriers and solutions, 3) obtaining institutional sign-off, 4) developing a process for reviewing and selecting a rideshare NEMT program, 5) executing contracts, 6) developing a standard operating procedure and 7) training clinic staff to use the rideshare platform.DiscussionRideshare NEMT after procedural sedation is administered may improve colonoscopy completion rates and provide one solution to inadequate CRC screening. If successful, our rideshare model could be broadly applicable to other safety-net health systems, populations with high social needs, and settings where procedural sedation is administered.
In Utero Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Increases Neuroinflammation in Offspring
Authors: Durão Ana Carolina Cardoso dos Santos , Brandão Wesley Nogueira , Bruno Vitor , W. Spelta Lídia Emmanuela , Duro Stephanie de Oliveira , Barreto dos Santos Nilton , Paranhos Beatriz Aparecida Passos Bismara , Zanluqui Nágela Ghabdan , Yonamine Maurício , Pierre Schatzmann Peron Jean , Munhoz Carolina Demarchi , Marcourakis Tania 
Published: January 2022

The embryonic stage is the most vulnerable period for congenital abnormalities. Due to its prolonged developmental course, the central nervous system (CNS) is susceptible to numerous genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences. During embryo implantation, the CNS is more vulnerable to external influences such as environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), increasing the risk for delayed fetal growth, sudden infant death syndrome, and immune system abnormalities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of in utero exposure to ETS on neuroinflammation in the offspring of pregnant mice challenged or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After the confirmation of mating by the presence of the vaginal plug until offspring birth, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were exposed to either 3R4F cigarettes smoke (Kentucky University) or compressed air, twice a day (1h each), for 21 days. Enhanced glial cell and mixed cell cultures were prepared from 3-day-old mouse pups. After cell maturation, both cells were stimulated with LPS or saline. To inhibit microglia activation, minocycline was added to the mixed cell culture media 24 h before LPS challenge. To verify the influence of in utero exposure to ETS on the development of neuroinflammatory events in adulthood, a different set of 8-week-old animals was submitted to the Autoimmune Experimental Encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. The results indicate that cells from LPS-challenged pups exposed to ETS in utero presented high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and decreased cell viability. Such a proinflammatory environment could modulate fetal programming by an increase in microglia and astrocytes miRNA155. This scenario may lead to the more severe EAE observed in pups exposed to ETS in utero.
Simplified Synthesis and Stability Assessment of Aflatoxin B1-Lysine and Aflatoxin G1-Lysine
Authors: Renaud Justin B. , Walsh Jacob P. , Sumarah Mark W. 
Published: January 2022

Aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) and G1 (AFG1) are carcinogenic mycotoxins that contaminate crops such as maize and groundnuts worldwide. The broadly accepted method to assess chronic human aflatoxin exposure is by quantifying the amount of aflatoxin adducted to human serum albumin. This has been reported using ELISA, HPLC, or LC-MS/MS to measure the amount of AFB1-lysine released after proteolysis of serum albumin. LC-MS/MS is the most accurate method but requires both isotopically labelled and unlabelled AFB1-lysine standards, which are not commercially available. In this work, we report a simplified synthetic route to produce unlabelled, deuterated and 13C6 15N2 labelled aflatoxin B1-lysine and for the first-time aflatoxin G1-lysine. Additionally, we report on the stability of these compounds during storage. This simplified synthetic approach will make the production of these important standards more feasible for laboratories performing aflatoxin exposure studies.
Analisis Peranan Literasi Teknologi dan Informasi Sebagai Variabel Moderating Dalam Hubungan Openness To Expereience, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Serta Neuroticism Dengan Perencanaan Karier Pada Generasi Z di Universitas Dharma Andalas
Authors: Hastini Lasti Yossi , Chairoel Lucy , Yan Fitri Mellyna Eka 
Published: January 2022

Perencanaan Karier pada Generasi Z yang masih berada di bangku perkuliahan dan sedang bersiap menghadapi dunia kerja perlu diteliti. Perencanaan karier dapat ditinjau dari pendekatan kepribadian diantaranya adalah Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, dan Neuroticism. Selain itu Perencanaan Karier juga dapat ditinjau dari kemampuan yang dimiliki Generasi Z untuk memasuki dunia kerja salah satunya yaitu Literasi Teknologi dan Informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris mengenai peranan Literasi Teknologi dan Informasi sebagai variabel moderasi dalam hubungan masing-masing dari keempat variabel kepribadian tadi dengan Perencanaan Karier. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 243 orang mahasiswa aktif Universitas Dharma Andalas dan merupakan penelitian dengan desain kuantitatif korelasional. Data dianalisis dengan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan Literasi Teknologi dan Informasi memiliki peran moderasi yang berbeda-beda untuk masing-masing hubungan Personality dengan Perencanaan Karier. Hanya pada hubungan Neuroticism dengan Perencanaan Karier, Literasi Teknologi dan Informasi yang tidak berperan sebagai variabel moderasi.
Kata Kunci: Literasi Teknologi dan Informasi; Moderating; Perencanaan Karier; Openness to Experience; Conscientiousness; Agreeableness; Neuroticism
Pengaruh Dimensi Service Quality Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien di Bagian Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Immanuel Bandung
Authors: Iskandar Albert , Februadi Agustinus 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari dimensi-dimensi dalam Service Quality Parasuraman terhadap Kepuasan Pasien di Bagian Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Immanuel. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pengguna jasa rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Immanuel, sedangkan sampelnya adalah pengguna jasa rawat inap di rumah sakit tersebut pada periode April – Mei 2021. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan menggunaan Purposive Sampling dengan total sampel sebanyak 150 sampel. Teknik analisis datanya menggunakan PLS-SEM yang dibantu oleh Software SmartPLS versi 3.2.9. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dimensi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan di Bagian Rawat Inap adalah dimensi Empathy, sedangkan dimensi service quality lainnya tidak.
Kata Kunci: Mutu Layanan, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Structural Equation Modelling, Analisis Jalur