bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The modified generalized Tresca yield condition with application to mode I perfectly plastic crack problems
Authors: Unger David J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Basic properties of a newly defined yield criterion are explored and then applied to plane stress, mode I, perfectly plastic crack problems. This yield condition began as a perturbation of the traditional Tresca yield condition. In a previous study, a relationship was found for a yield criterion that spanned the Tresca to the von Mises yield criteria in the principal stress plane. In this study, a distinct but related yield criterion is used for those cases where the yield criterion lies on or outside the von Mises yield condition in the principal stress plane. For these cases, the associated mathematics becomes more complicated than those cases where the yield condition lies within or on the von Mises yield condition in the principal stress plane. The perfectly plastic mode I crack problem is solved for this modified version of the generalized Tresca yield condition. It is found that the maximum normal stress for this yield condition is higher than that for the equivalent mode I crack problem under the von Mises yield condition. Material parameters associated with the generalized Tresca yield condition are found for both the BCC and FCC crystal structures based on models proposed previously in the literature.
Mathematics Subject Classification. 74A45, 74C05
A Quantitative Strategic Planning Framework for Artificial Groundwater Recharge of Esfarayen Aquifer in Iran based on Fuzzy AHP
Authors: Farzi Abolfazl , Boostani Abtin , Maghsodi Reza , Nameni Reza 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article studies the Artificial Groundwater Recharge (AGR) of the Esfarayen aquifer, in Iran, from the perspective of the strategic planning process. For this purpose, a SWOT systematic analysis was performed for the AGR of this aquifer, and its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) were identified. These factors were analyzed and ranked using Mikhailov's fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and based on this analysis, prior strategies were proposed. The results showed that the share of two groups of threats and opportunities in higher priority factors was more than the two groups of strengths and weaknesses, so that the shares of threats and opportunities in the first half of the list of factors were 87.5% and 70% of the factors of these groups, respectively. Also, strengths have been ranked higher than weaknesses. Therefore, in selecting appropriate strategies for the future of the AGR of Esfarayen aquifer, priority should be given to ST type strategies; strategies that use the strengths of the system to try to eliminate external threats to the system. After ST type strategies, due to the high importance of opportunities, SO type strategies can also be adopted for the AGR of Esfarayen aquifer.
Whole genome characterization of an avian calicivirus from broiler chicken farms in Iran: First report
Authors: Zamani Niusha Haji , Ghalyanchilangeroudi Arash , Kafi Zahra Ziafati , Dizaji Reza Esmaeelzadeh , Sadri Naser , Sarmadi Soroush , Hosseini Hossein , Ghafouri Seyed Ali 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Caliciviruses are (+) RNA viruses with a worldwide distribution and wide host range, including humans and birds. The family caliciviridae consists of eleven genera, two of which, bavovirus and nacovirus, are found in chickens affected by stunting syndrome. In this study, for the first time the presence of calicivirus in Iranian broiler flocks was investigated by viral metagenomics method. Fecal samples were collected from broiler chicken farms affected with diarrhea from Gilan province Iran. Our results showed that some of the diseased chickens carried a genus of calicivirus belonging to bavovirus. The complete 7824 nt genome of this bavovirus, named UT Shahhosseini1 2018, was sequenced and characterized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that our calicivirus shared 87% similarity to the closest strains, including the German calicivirus chicken/V0021/Bayern/2004, suggesting that the avian- derived strain belongs to the bavoviruses. Conserved motifs shared between bavoviruses further confirmed this finding. Phylogenetic analysis of nonstructural (NS) and VP proteins also revealed similar values. This is the first report and first complete genome sequence of bavovirus in Iran. However, further studies are needed to obtain a better epidemiological picture of the abundance avian-origin caliciviruses of in Iranian bird populations, including poultry. The pathogenic potential of these caliciviruses to affect poultry production should also be investigated.
A Rapid UHPLC-MS/MS Multiresidue Method to Determine Pesticides in Zucchini Based on Dilution of QuEChERS Raw Extracts
Authors: Reis Giovane S. dos , Santos Pimpernelli J. dos , Floriano Luana , Oliveira Júlia A. , Adaime Martha B. , Prestes Osmar D. , Zanella Renato 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Zucchini is one of the most cultivated and consumed vegetables in the world and often requires pesticide treatment. In this context, a simple and straightforward method for determining pesticide residues in zucchini was proposed based on an effective QuEChERS extraction approach followed by dilution of the unclean extract and analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). During the development of the sample preparation step, the cleanup of the extract using dispersive solid-phase extraction with different sorbents was compared with the analysis of unclean extract. Different dilution rates of the raw extract with ultrapure water were evaluated, and a dilution of 5 times presented adequate analysis performance, minimizing the matrix effect. The established method was suitable for 99 pesticides presenting satisfactory results for trueness, with recoveries ranging from 70 to 120% and precision in terms of relative standard deviations (RSD) ≤ 20%. Practical method limit of quantification ranged from 0.005 to 0.010 mg kg− 1 for all compounds. The method was successfully applied to 20 commercial samples of zucchini, and 15 samples showed the presence of 12 different pesticides, especially the insecticide imidacloprid. The method proved to be simple and effective for routine analysis.
Gold nanocrystals modified electrochemical aptasensor for ultra-trace level detection of malathion in environmental samples
Authors: Bala Rajni , Lalhall Alisha , Sharma Rohit K. , Wangoo Nishima 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The abnormal concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in agricultural residues have raised serious concerns regarding food safety and environmental pollution. The trace level detection of these toxic OPs has therefore garnered great attention in the past few decades. Herein, gold nanocrystals modified electrochemical aptasensor has been reported for the detection of a widely used organophosphorus pesticide, malathion. By virtue of the high specificity of the aptamer towards malathion and enhanced surface area provided by the nanocrystals, the designed probe exhibits excellent selectivity and sensitivity for malathion. The conformational changes of aptamer due to its specific binding to malathion induces a large variation in the electrochemical responses of the redox moiety, methylene blue. The gold nanocrystals@aptamer probe exhibits excellent sensitivity in the linear range from 1 pm to 100 nm with 1 pM as the detection limit. Owing to its high reliability and robustness in the spiked samples, the developed nanoprobe paves the way for ultra-trace level detection of malathion in environmental samples.
Head and neck mucosal melanoma: radiological considerations and UK imaging guidelines
Authors: Algudkar Ashwin , Harrington Kevin , Kerawala Cyrus , Bagwan Izhar , Dafydd Derfel ap 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Awareness of head and neck mucosal melanoma (HNMM) is important, as incorrect work-up can impact on the investigation and management of this rare and aggressive cancer. Following on from the 2020 HNMM UK guidelines, we set out the imaging recommendations and their rationale. To illustrate the key imaging characteristics, we also include a case series from our centre.
Methods
All HNMM cases managed at our institution from January 2016 to January 2021 were identified and the available imaging for each patient was reviewed. For each patient, the age, gender and location of primary tumour was recorded together with key staging and diagnostic imaging parameters.
Results
A total of 14 patients were identified. The median age was 65 years with a female to male ratio of 1.33:1. Primary tumours were sinonasal in location in 93% of cases, with 7% of patients having metastatic neck nodes at presentation and 21% of cases having distant metastatic disease at presentation.
Conclusion
This data set is in general concordance with other published series regarding the sinonasal origin of the vast majority of HNMM tumours along with the proportion of patients with metastatic neck nodes and distant metastases at presentation. We recommend dual-modality imaging with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of primary tumours whenever possible. In the systematic staging of HNMM, positron emission tomography (PET)-CT should be strongly considered, together with MRI of the brain. Pre-biopsy imaging of HNMM tumours is advisable whenever possible.
HEProfiler: An In-Depth Profiler of Approximate Homomorphic Encryption Libraries
Authors: Takeshita Jonathan , Koirala Nirajan , McKechney Colin , Jung Taeho 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows computation on encrypted data. Various software libraries have implemented the approximate-arithmetic FHE scheme CKKS, which is highly useful for applications in machine learning and data analytics; each of these libraries have differing performance and features. It is useful for developers and researchers to learn details about these libraries' performance and their differences. Some previous work has profiled FHE and CKKS implementations for this purpose, but these comparisons are limited in their fairness and completeness.

In this article, we compare four major libraries supporting the CKKS scheme.
Working with the maintainers of each of the PALISADE, Microsoft SEAL, HElib, and HEAAN libraries, we devise methods for fair comparisons of these libraries, even with their widely varied development strategies and library architectures. To show the practical performance of these libraries, we present HEProfiler, a simple and extensible framework for profiling C++ FHE libraries. Our experimental evaluation is complete in both the scope of tasks tested and metrics evaluated, allowing us to draw conclusions about the behaviors of different libraries under a wide range of real-world workloads. This is the first work giving experimental comparisons of different bootstrapping-capable CKKS libraries.
Edge-HetIoT Defense against DDoS attack using LearningTechniques
Authors: Mahadik Shalaka S , Pawar Pranav , Muthalagu Raja 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The heterogeneous nature of the internet-of-thing (IoT) is gaining popularity and, simultaneously, faces rising security issues. The distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is the most significant security threat addressed in the research. The research proposes edge-heterogeneous IoT (HetIoT) centric defense IDS that aids the HetIoT infrastructure in detecting and blocking victim traffic near the network edge. The Edge-HetIoT defense IDS helps to address significant issues such as performance and security due to proximity to the local network. The research focuses on six learning techniques, including five machine learning (ML) classifiers, namely, ID3, NB, RF, LR, and AdaBoost, and the proposed deep learning (DL)-based hybrid model (i.e., CNN+LSTM). These learning techniques are trained and tested using the real-time benchmark-dataset CICDDoS2019 and consider binary and multiclass (14 classes) classification. The performance is analyzed and evaluated against six classifiers to determine which classification model performs best in detecting and classifying various DDoS attacks. The proposed DL-based hybrid model outperforms when compared against ID3, NB, RF, LR, and AdaBoost. The proposed DL-based hybrid model successfully detects and classifies MSSQL, NetBIOS, TFTP, NTP, Syn, and Portmap attacks with 100% precision, recall, and f1-score. The overall weighted average precision, recall, and f1-score for the proposed DL-based hybrid model are 92%, 89%, and 90%, respectively.
Non-destructive evaluation of cellulose paper degradation using water-soluble carbohydrates
Authors: Hwang Yujin , Kang Kyu-Young , Yang Bong Suk , Potthast Antje , Jeong Myung-Joon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the deterioration of paper cultural heritage artifacts using non-destructive methods, aqueous extracts from Korean traditional paper, ‘Hanji’, and pure cellulose paper were used in this study. We quantified the water-soluble low-molecular-weight carbohydrates (cello-oligosaccharides) in paper extracts. The degree of polymerization (DP) of aged paper was also evaluated from the absolute molecular weight of the cellulose. The content of water-soluble low-molecular-weight carbohydrates depended on the cellulose degradation. Therefore, the cellulose hydrolysis rate could be predicted from the linear relationship between the cellulose hydrolysis rate and water-soluble carbohydrate contents. The DP calculated from the predicted cellulose hydrolysis rate showed little difference from the actual DP value. Therefore, among the many non-destructive analysis methods, this methodology can also be used as an indirect method to evaluate cellulose degradation by quantifying the carbohydrates dissolved in extracts from Hanji and pure cellulose paper.
Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve HIV positive individuals: A longitudinal evaluation
Authors: Gebremedhin Teshager , Ayenalem Melak , Adem Mohammed , Geremew Demeke , Aleka Yetemwork , Kiflie Amare 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Recently, dolutegravir (DTG)-based combined therapy, a more effective and safer first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) since July 2018. However, its effectiveness in CD4 + T-cells count recovery and viral load suppression has not been studied yet in Ethiopia, where HIV is endemic. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of DTG-based therapy on CD4 + T-cell count and viral load count among HIV-positive patients in Ethiopia.
Methods
A longitudinal prospective cohort study was conducted from July 2020–February 2021. 109 HIV-positive individuals who are ART naive but plan to initiate DTG-based therapy were recruited. HIV viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) copies were determined using a CD4 + T-cell count and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To compute the difference in viral load and CD4 + T-cell counts between the baseline, 3rd, and 6th months, a Friedman test was used.
Results
The study included 109 HIV-positive people who had never received antiretroviral medication. Participants taking DTG-based treatment showed significantly decreasing median (IQR) values of viral load count (copies/mL) from 446,812 (237,649.5–732,994.5) at baseline to 34 (23.5–46) at 3 months and 0.0 (0–19) at 6 months of treatment follow-up. Although the treatment increases the proportion of participants with HIV-1 RNA 50 copies/mL from 0 (0% at baseline) to 87 (79.8%) and 100 (91.7%) at the 3rd and 6th months of treatment, respectively, On the other hand, the CD4+ T-cell count increased significantly during treatment: median (IQR): 209 (81.5–417.5) versus 291 (132–522) versus 378 (181.–632.5) cells/L at baseline, the 3rd and 6th months of the treatment follow-up period, respectively.
Conclusion
We found dolutegravir-based therapy was a promising option with high virological suppression rates and CD4+ T-cell count recovery demonstrating a restoration of cellular immunity. More over Viral load suppression rates were high after the initiation of the treatment.
Predicting the Difficulty of EFL Reading Comprehension Tests Based on Linguistic Indices
Authors: Rafatbakhsh Elaheh , Ahmadi Alireza 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Estimating the difficulty of reading texts is critical in second language education and assessment. This study was aimed at examining various text features that might influence the difficulty level of a high-stakes reading comprehension test and predict test takers’ scores. To this end, the responses provided by 17900 test takers on the reading comprehension subsection of a major high-stakes test, the Iranian National University Entrance Exam for the Master’s Program were examined. Overall, 63 reading passages in different versions of the test from 2017-2019 were studied with a focus on 16 indices that might help explain the reading difficulty and test takers’ scores. The results showed that the content word overlap index and the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease formula had significant correlations with the observed difficulty and could therefore be considered better predictors of test difficulty compared to other variables. The findings suggest the use of various indices to estimate the reading difficulty before administering tests to ensure the equivalency and validity of tests.
Effect of Water Flow Rate on Nursing Spat Mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis
Authors: Kassila Jawad , Khallaf Niaama , Knibass Khalid , Aamri Fatima El , Ouagajjou Yassine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hatchery production of mussel seeds could be a solution to ensure reliable supply and introduce opportunities for selective breeding. To overcome the prohibitively expensive cost of hatchery-reared spat, it is necessary to optimize several factors in hatchery conditions. The water flow rate is among the main parameters for regulating the growth of nursing hatchery-reared juvenile mussels. In this study, three water flow rates of 2.5, 5 and 10 l.min− 1 were compared to investigate their effects on growth and survival of mussel spats reared in an upwelling culture system. The results highlighted that spat mussels reared at the water flow rate of 10 l min− 1 showed the highest performance in length, width and live weight, while juveniles deployed at water flow rates of 2.5 and 5 l min− 1 exhibited the lowest (p < 0.05). At the end of the experiment, no mortality was recorded in all treatments. The size fraction of spat mussels larger than 8 mm significantly increased (p < 0.05) at water flow rate of 10 l min− 1. However, the size frequency distribution of mussels from rates of 2.5 and 5 l min− 1 was found to exhibit a similar pattern at the end of study (p > 0.05). After four weeks of nursing, at water flow rates of 2.5, 5 and 10 l min− 1, size fraction > 8 mm were 3.5 ± 1.57, 4.4 ± 0.99 and 43.3 ± 1.22% respectively. However, the fraction of spat oysters smaller than 6 mm significantly increased (p < 0.05) when the rate of water flow decreased.
Predatory mite Amblyseius orientalis prefers egg stage and low density of prey Carpoglyphus lactis
Authors: Wei Jiaxing , Liu Yifan , Sheng Fujing , Wang Endong , Zhang Bo , Xu Xuenong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Amblyseius orientalis (Ehara) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is an effective predatory mite for spider mites control on fruit trees in China. In recent decade, it can be produced commercially and intensively via Carpoglyphus lactis (Linnaeus) in natural enemy factory. During the practical predator production, ratio of predatory mites to their prey was found critical for the population increase of A. orientalis in large-scale rearing. In this study, we investigated the predatory capacity of A. orientalis on different developmental stages of the prey C. lactis and the effect of prey numbers on predator reproductions. The maximum predation number of A. orientalis adults on C. lactis adults was 2.21 at the lowest density of 5 and on C. lactis eggs was 45.07 at the highest density of 60. The preference index Ci of A. orientalis on C. lactis eggs and adults was 0.4312 and − 0.9249, respectively, suggesting that A. orientalis preferred eggs to adults of C. lactis. A. orientalis could reproduce when it preyed either eggs or deutonymphs of C. lactis. However, the fecundity of the predatory mites is not proportional to the provided prey density in a week. Higher density of prey deutonymphs resulted in lower fecundity, while more prey eggs can bring higher fecundity of A. orientalis. Therefore, our study indicated that suitable density and developmental stage of prey is the basis for A. orientalis production in a large scale.
Increase the effectiveness of the Arabic text-to-image generation task
Authors: BAHANI Mourad , OUAAZIZI Aziza EL , MAALMI Khalil 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Processing of Arabic text to generate images is a challenging task. Because the Arabic language belongs to the Semitic group of languages and it is less discovered than English in the Artificial Intelligent community. It is also a right-to-left language that needs special natural language tools to process. On the other hand, efficient text-to-image generation architectures have been built by the Generative Adversarial Network methodology, which had shown incredible results in so many tasks. In this paper, because the text is the first domain of the text-to-image generation task, we increase the effectiveness of Arabic text-to-image generation by implementing tree approaches. Firstly, We fuse the AraBERT with DF-GAN by injecting the AraBERT sentence vector into the DF-GAN generator and discriminator. Secondly, we fuse a sample text transformer with a DF-GANs generator and discriminator to overcome the out-of-vocabulary limitation. Thirdly, we keep the training process and the text transformer, and we add a learning mask predictor to the architecture to predict a mask, which is used in affine transformation parameters to fuse image and text deeper, and we also train the architecture with the DAMSM loss function to increase the stability in the training phase. The experimental results on CUB and Oxford-flower datasets demonstrate the superiority of the third approach in Arabic text-to-image generation tasks.
Association between insulin resistance and abnormal menstrual cycle in Chinese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Niu Jiali , Lu Meiyin , Liu Bin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder, which is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and menstrual cycle disorders. IR is thought of as a pivotal cause of PCOS and related comorbidities. However, the link between IR and abnormal menstrual cycles in PCOS should be further studied. In this study, we aimed to clarify the dose-response relationship between IR and abnormal menstrual cycles in patients with PCOS.
Results: In this retrospective study including140 patients with PCOS, we found that there was a dose-response relationship between the increased HOMA-IR index and the level of menstrual cycle disorders (1.610 [95%CI: 1.37-1.85] for normal menstruation, 2.020 [95%CI: 1.61-2.44] for oligomenorrhea, 2.350 [95%CI:1.96-2.75] for amenorrhea, Pfor trend = 0.003). Further stratification analyses showed that this dose-response relationship was more evident in the patients who were younger than 25 years, had higher AFC numbers and had elevated levels of testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone, inhibin B, and prolactin levels.
Conclusions: Our study has established an association between IR and abnormal menstrual cycles in patients with PCOS, which can be affected by age and aberrant hormone levels. Our results might be helpful for further prevention and treatment of amenorrhea in PCOS.