bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Module of Multidimensional Omics for Peripheral Biomarkers (iMORE) in patients with major depressive disorder: rationale and design of a prospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Zheng Yuzhen , Zhang Linna , He Shen , Xie Zuoquan , Zhang Jing , Ge Changrong , Sun Guangqiang , Huang Jingjing , Li Huafang 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) represents a worldwide burden on healthcare and the response to antidepressants remains limited. Systems biology approaches have been used to explore the precision therapy. However, no reliable biomarker clinically exists for prognostic prediction at present. The objectives of theIntegrated Module ofMultidimensionalOmics for Peripheral Biomarkers (iMORE) study are to predict the efficacy of antidepressants by integrating multidimensional omics and performing validation in a real-world setting. As secondary aims, a series of potential biomarkers are explored for biological subtypes.Methods and analysisiMore is an observational cohort study in patients with MDD with a multistage design in China. The study is performed by three mental health centres comprising an observation phase and a validation phase. A total of 200 patients with MDD and 100 healthy controls were enrolled. The protocol-specified antidepressants are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Clinical visits (baseline, 4 and 8 weeks) include psychiatric rating scales for symptom assessment and biospecimen collection for multiomics analysis. Participants are divided into responders and non-responders based on treatment response (>50% reduction in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale). Antidepressants’ responses are predicted and biomarkers are explored using supervised learning approach by integration of metabolites, cytokines, gut microbiomes and immunophenotypic cells. The accuracy of the prediction models constructed is verified in an independent validation phase.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the ethics committee of Shanghai Mental Health Center (approval number 2020-87). All participants need to sign a written consent for the study entry. Study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT04518592.
Palliative sedation in paediatric solid tumour patients: choosing the best drugs
Authors: Podda Marta Giorgia , Schiavello Elisabetta , Nigro Olga , Clerici Carlo Alfredo , Simonetti Fabio , Luksch Roberto , Terenziani Monica , Ferrari Andrea , Casanova Michela , Spreafico Filippo , Meazza Cristina , Chiaravalli Stefano , Biassoni Veronica , Gattuso Giovanna , Puma Nadia , Bergamaschi Luca , Sironi Givanna , Massimino Maura 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesCancer remains the leading cause of mortality by disease in childhood in high-income countries. For terminally ill children, care focuses on quality of life, and patient management fundamentally affects grieving families. This paper describes our experience of palliative sedation (PS) for children with refractory symptoms caused by solid tumours, focusing on the drugs involved.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data on all children treated for cancer who died at the pediatric oncology unit of the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori between January 2016 and December 2020.ResultsOf the 29 patients eligible for the study, all but 4 received PS. Midazolam was always used, combined in 16 cases with other drugs (mainly classic neuroleptics, alpha-2 agonists and antihistamines). Throughout the period of PS and on the day of death, patients with sarcoma were given higher doses of midazolam and morphine, and more often received combinations of drugs than patients with brain tumours. Sarcoma causes significant symptoms, while brain tumours require less intensive analgesic-sedative therapies because they already impair a patient’s state of consciousness.ConclusionsOptimising pharmacological treatments demands a medical team that knows how drugs (often developed for other indications) work. Emotional and relational aspects are important too, and any action to lower a patient’s consciousness should be explained to the family and justified. Parents should not feel like helpless witnesses. Guidelines on PS in paediatrics could help, providing they acknowledge that a child’s death is always a unique case.
Teratogenic medication use associated with favourable odds of contraception counselling in a cohort of women with systemic lupus erythematosus at a large tertiary academic medical centre
Authors: Chandramouli Shruti , Alvarez Carolina , Englund Tessa R , Silverstein R Gina , Sheikh Saira Z 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveSLE primarily affects women of childbearing age, who have an increased risk of pregnancy complications, especially in the setting of active disease. Contraception counselling is particularly important given the teratogenicity of some medications used for SLE treatment. Our study describes the frequency of contraception counselling provided by multiple subspecialties to women with SLE and investigates associations between teratogenic medication use and receiving contraception counselling.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional retrospective study of women (aged 15–46 years) diagnosed with SLE who were seen in various outpatient clinics at a large tertiary academic medical centre over a 2-year period. Demographic data were retrieved via the university-affiliated central data repository, and additional data, including documentation of contraception counselling, were obtained via manual chart abstraction. Univariable associations between variables and contraception counselling were assessed to produce unadjusted ORs and 95% CIs. Multivariable models were generated to evaluate independent associations between variables and contraception counselling.ResultsData from 478 women (52% African American, 25% Caucasian) with SLE were included. Rheumatology was the subspecialty to document contraception counselling most frequently (57%). Nearly 80% of women received counselling from at least one subspecialty, 44% from at least two. Factors associated with having lower odds of receiving contraception counselling were older age and Caucasian race. Women on teratogenic medications (methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid, cyclophosphamide) had higher odds of receiving contraception counselling from at least one subspecialty (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.23 to 3.26), from two or more subspecialties (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.50 to 3.17), and from rheumatology (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.73).ConclusionsIn this study, women with SLE on teratogenic medications had higher odds of receiving contraception counselling from rheumatology and from at least two subspecialties. Multidisciplinary approaches to enhance contraception counselling should be encouraged.
Video consultations in community palliative care – patient satisfaction: mixed methods study
Authors: Lee Jessica , Mc Carthy Orfhlaith , Ryan Suzanne , Kiely Fiona 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesCommunity palliative care (CPC) has traditionally been delivered face to face in the home or in the outpatient clinic setting. The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the introduction of video consultation (VC) as a modality of CPC service provision. Evidence supports the feasibility of VC in CPC. There is a paucity of evidence regarding patient satisfaction with key components of the palliative care consultation when delivered virtually.MethodsMixed quantitative and qualitative study. The formulated telephone questionnaire evaluated satisfaction with VC in three domains: comfort with use of technology, communication using video technology and components of the palliative care consultation. Results were analysed descriptively with thematic analysis of free text additional information.ResultsThe majority (93%) of patients were satisfied with VC. All patients felt able to communicate what they wanted to say. The majority felt comfortable asking questions (90%) and a minority (16%) were dissatisfied that they could not be physically examined. Patients were satisfied with discussing physical symptoms (90%) and medications (90%). Areas which were not discussed or had less favourable feedback included exploration of spirituality and faith. Themes identified included: flexibility and convenience offered by VC, relationship and rapport building in the context of VC and technological challenges posed by VC.ConclusionsPatients were satisfied with VC as a mechanism of CPC provision. Satisfaction, although generally high, varied across key components of the consultation demonstrating the strengths and limitations of this modality at present. This provides clinicians with valuable information to guide future research and service development.
Estimating ideology and polarization in European countries using Facebook data
Authors: Caravaca Francisco , González-Cabañas José , Cuevas Ángel , Cuevas Rubén 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearchers have studied political ideology and polarization in many different contexts since their effects are usually closely related to aspects and actions of individuals and societies. Hence, being able to estimate and measure the changes in political ideology and polarization is crucial for researchers, stakeholders, and the general public. In this paper, we model the ideology and polarization of 28 countries (the 27 EU member states plus the UK) using Facebook public posts from political parties’ Facebook pages. We collected a three-year dataset from 2019 to 2021 with information from 234 political parties’ Facebook pages and took advantage of the EU parliament elections of May 2019 to create our models. Our methodology works across 28 countries and benefits from being a low-cost running process that measures ideology and polarization at a high-resolution time scale. The results show our models are pretty accurate when validating them against 19 individual countries’ elections as ground truth. Moreover, to make our results available to the research community, stakeholders, and individuals interested in politics, the last contribution of our paper is a website including detailed information about the political parties in our dataset. It also includes the temporal evolution of our ideology and polarization estimations. Therefore, our work delivers a novel tool that uses Facebook public data to create country metrics useful for different purposes. To the best of our knowledge, there is no prior work in the literature offering a solution that measures the ideology and polarization of all EU + UK countries.
Academic support network reflects doctoral experience and productivity
Authors: Seckin Ozgur Can , Varol Onur 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCurrent practices of quantifying academic performance by productivity raise serious concerns about the psychological well-being of graduate students. These efforts often neglect the influence of researchers’ environment. Acknowledgments in dissertation subsections shed light on this environment by providing an opportunity for students to thank the people who supported them. We analysed 26,236 acknowledgments to create an “academic support network” that reveals five distinct communities that support students along the way: Academic, Administration, Family, Friends & Colleagues, and Spiritual. We show that female students mention fewer people from each of these communities, with the exception of their families, and that their productivity is slightly lower than that of males when considering the number of publications alone. This is critically important because it means that studying the doctoral process may help us better understand the adverse conditions women face early in their academic careers. Our results also suggest that the total number of people mentioned in the acknowledgements allows disciplines to be categorised as either individual science or team science as their magnitudes change. We also show that male students who mention more people from their academic community are associated with higher levels of productivity. University rankings are found to be positively correlated with productivity and the size of academic support networks. However, neither university rankings nor students’ productivity levels correlate with the sentiments students express in their acknowledgements. Our results point to the importance of academic support networks by explaining how they differ and how they influence productivity.
Non-locality and entropic uncertainty relations in neutrino oscillations
Authors: Blasone Massimo , De Siena Silvio , Matrella Cristina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing the wave-packet approach to neutrino oscillations, we analyze quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty relations and show that uncertainty and the non-local advantage of quantum coherence are anti-correlated. Furthermore, we explore the hierarchy among three different definitions of NAQC, those based on $$l_{1}$$

l
1

-norm, relative entropy and skew information coherence measures, and we find that the coherence content detected by the $$l_{1}$$

l
1

-norm-based NAQC overcomes the other two. The connection between QMA-EUR and NAQC could provide a better understanding of the physical meaning of the results so far obtained and suggest their extension to quantum field theory.
Linearly Ordered Colourings of Hypergraphs
Authors: Nakajima Tamio-Vesa , Živný Stanislav 
Published: November 2022

A linearly ordered (LO)
k
-colouring of an
r
-uniform hypergraph assigns an integer from {1, ... ,
k
} to every vertex so that, in every edge, the (multi)set of colours has a unique maximum. Equivalently, for
r
= 3, if two vertices in an edge are assigned the same colour, then the third vertex is assigned a larger colour (as opposed to a different colour, as in classic non-monochromatic colouring). Barto, Battistelli, and Berg [STACS’21] studied LO colourings on 3-uniform hypergraphs in the context of promise constraint satisfaction problems (PCSPs). We show two results.

First, given a 3-uniform hypergraph that admits an LO 2-colouring, one can find in polynomial time an LO
k
-colouring with

\( k=O(\sqrt [3]{n \log \log n / \log n} \)

.

Second, given an
r
-uniform hypergraph that admits an LO 2-colouring, we establish
NP
-hardness of finding an LO
k
-colouring for every constant uniformity
r
≥
k
+2. In fact, we determine relationships between polymorphism minions for all uniformities
r
≥ 3, which reveals a key difference between
r
<
k
+2 and
r
≥
k
+2 and which may be of independent interest. Using the algebraic approach to PCSPs, we actually show a more general result establishing
NP
-hardness of finding an LO
k
-colouring for LO ℓ-colourable
r
-uniform hypergraphs for 2 ≤ ℓ ≤
k
and
r
≥
k
- ℓ + 4.
A Perspective on the Repassivation Potential and a Novel Calculation Thereof
Authors: Skelton Rebecca , Kelly Robert G 
Published: November 2022

Corrosion can occur on metallic surfaces in nearly any humid environment, leading to either early failure or costly repairs. Specifically, localized corrosion, such as pitting, can be difficult to identify at an early stage and can act as crack nucleation sites. Determining under which conditions pitting will take place is therefore important for maintenance and design, yet non-trivial from an electrochemical perspective.
The pitting potential (Epit) and repassivation potential (Erp) have long been used in literature to determine a material’s susceptibility to pitting, with the latter acting as the lower threshold at which pitting can occur. A lower threshold of pitting can often be useful for conservative estimates, making Erp a popular parameter. However, a consensus on how to measure and define Erp has yet to be defined. Conventional cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) scans to measure Erp are shrouded in controversy, as values were found to be dependent on the scan rate and turn-around current density, unless sufficient charge densities had passed. Even once a plateau of Erp is reached at sufficient charge densities, there is debate as to if values are too conservative at that point. Two recent pitting frameworks have proposed alternative measurements of Erp, using both 1-D pit and 3-D bulk electrodes. Breakthroughs and limitations from both of these theories will be considered.
In this work, the various methods of measuring and defining Erp will be discussed to provide clarity between different notation and to highlight possible paths going forward. In addition, an alternative calculation of Erp is proposed which is less conservative yet harmonized with the critical pit stability product (ix)crit, as both thresholds should represent the same lower limit of pitting. The proposed equation to calculate Erp includes dependencies on conventional parameters, such as the anodic Tafel behavior within a pit (ba), the transition potential (ET), and the critical percent saturation of metal salts (f). Validation is provided through both results found in literature and the use of Finite Element Method (FEM) modeling in conjunction with the maximum pit model.
Advances in Coating Adhesion Testing Using the Blister Test, Digital Image Correlation and Finite Element Methods
Authors: Dahal Drishya , Restrepo David , Rincon Troconis Brendy Carolina 
Published: November 2022

Adhesively bonded aluminum joints are widely used in multiple engineering sectors, especially the automotive industry. In long-term service, environmental conditions and stresses caused by factors such as internal deformation, residual stresses, or corrosion, cause adhesion strength degradation. Quantifying the adhesion strength is a complex task. While many different adhesion tests are available, the Blister Test (BT) is the only one that provides a measure of the normalized energy required to initiate and propagate a crack at the polymer/substrate interface.
The adhesion strength of coatings on aluminum substrate for automotive applications was investigated using the Blister Test (BT) along with Digital Image Correlation (DIC), and Finite Element Methods (FEM). The BT was performed by pressurizing a fluid through a hole in the substrate, which causes blistering on the coating, ultimately leading to delamination. This test is performed after exposure of samples to an accelerated corrosion exposure. The DIC system obtains a full field displacement history of the de-adhesion mechanism using high speed cameras by tracking small subsets of the material in its field of view. This full field displacement history obtained from the BT is compared against theoretical displacements obtained through FEM and an inverse optimization algorithm, allowing the quantification of adhesion strength. Along with the BT, the effects of the surface treatments will be appraised through filiform corrosion (FC) testing.
While there have been multiple investigations in the field of adhesion strength using the BT, the incorporation of a DIC system allows recording of the full field shape of blister evolution and debonding propagation. The use of FEM and inverse optimization algorithm to determine the adhesion strength allows for these calculations without making typical assumptions such as constant curvature and small deformations. The appraisal of FC which is prevenient in the automotive industry, along with the BT allows a better understanding of the effects of various surface treatments on adhesion strength and corrosion.
Redox Testing and Control for Corrosion Control in Molten Flinak
Authors: Sankar Krishna Moorthi , Singh Preet M 
Published: November 2022

Fluoride Cooled High-Temperature Reactors (FHRs) are Generation IV Nuclear Reactor designs which will use molten fluoride salts as coolants. FHRs operate at a much higher temperature than the water-cooled reactors and have lower operating pressure. This greatly improves their thermal efficiency and decreases the likelihood of severe accidents. Fluoride salts such as FLiNaK (46.5-11.5-42 mol% LiF-NaF-KF) are considered for use as coolants in FHRs.
One of the major concerns for FHR designs is the significant corrosion of structural alloys in the FLiNaK. The corrosion in the form of selective dissolution of active alloying elements in these molten salts depends on the redox potential of the salt. This redox potential can be controlled by various chemical and electrochemical techniques and thereby corrosion of structural alloys in the salt can be controlled. However, the lack of reliable and reproducible reference electrodes for application in molten fluoride salts limits the ability to study redox control in these salts. Most tested reference electrodes in molten FLiNaK salt do not give stable potential due to a combination of the high electronegativity of fluorine and the high temperature of the medium. As such, the development of a reliable and stable reference electrode for these salts is paramount.
In this study, various kinds of reference electrodes that could be used for molten FLiNaK salt such as Dynamic Reference Electrodes (DRE), Quasi Reference Electrodes (QRE) etc. have been studied. In addition, in this study, corrosion behaviour of selected Ni and Fe based alloys were studied in molten FLiNaK at 700 oC. The effect of various chemical and electrochemical redox control techniques such as addition of reducing agents to the salt, purification of the salt, and the use of applied potential against a QRE were studied to understand their ability to mitigate corrosion of selected alloys in FLiNaK. This presentation will discuss our results on different reference electrode designs as well as the efficacy of each tested redox control method in controlling the corrosion of candidate alloys in molten FLiNaK.
Electrochemical Corrosion Study on Nickel and Chromium with Different Surface Orientations in Molten MgCl2-KCl
Authors: Peng Yuxiang , Halstenberg Philip , Bawane Kaustubh , He Lingfeng , Gill Simerjeet , Dai Sheng , Wishart James F. , Sasaki Kotaro 
Published: November 2022

In the present work, the electrochemical corrosion tests were performed on single-crystal nickel and chromium with different surface orientations having (100), (110), and (111) facets, in a MgCl2-KCl eutectic molten salt at 500oC under an argon atmosphere. The corrosion rate of Ni is lower than that of Cr, indicating that Ni is electrochemically more stable than Cr in the molten salt. The anodic corrosion rates of different single crystals increase in the order of (111) < (100) < (110). This observation shows that the degree of electrochemical stability is related to the coordination of surface atoms and lower density surfaces yield higher corrosion rates. In addition, the corrosion rate of a polycrystalline sample is similar to that of the single-crystal (110) sample, which suggests that the corrosion rate of the polycrystalline surface is dominated by the orientation with the lowest surface density.
This work was supported as part of the Molten Salts in Extreme Environments Energy Frontier Research Center, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science.

Keywords: Tafel, Nickel, Chromium, MgCl2-KCl, Single crystal.