bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of the Validity and Reliability of Assessment Tools for Executive Function and Adaptive Function Following Brain Pathology among Children and Adolescents in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Kusi-Mensah Kwabena , Nuamah Nana Dansoah , Wemakor Stephen , Agorinya Joel , Seidu Ramata , Martyn-Dickens Charles , Bateman Andrew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMinimal but increasing number of assessment instruments for Executive functions (EFs) and adaptive functioning (AF) have either been developed for or adapted and validated for use among children in low and middle income countries (LAMICs). However, the suitability of these tools for this context is unclear. A systematic review of such instruments was thus undertaken. The Systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist (Liberati et al., in BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 339, 2009). A search was made for primary research papers reporting psychometric properties for development or adaptation of either EF or AF tools among children in LAMICs, with no date or language restrictions. 14 bibliographic databases were searched, including grey literature. Risk of bias assessment was done following the COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments) guidelines (Mokkink et al., in Quality of Life Research,63, 32, 2014). For EF, the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF- multiple versions), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Go/No-go and the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF) were the most rigorously validated. For AFs, the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales (VABS- multiple versions) and the Child Function Impairment Rating Scale (CFIRS- first edition) were most validated. Most of these tools showed adequate internal consistency and structural validity. However, none of these tools showed acceptable quality of evidence for sufficient psychometric properties across all the measured domains, particularly so for content validity and cross-cultural validity in LAMICs. There is a great need for adequate adaptation of the most popular EF and AF instruments, or alternatively the development of purpose-made instruments for assessing children in LAMICs.Systematic Review Registration numbers: CRD42020202190 (EF tools systematic review) and CRD42020203968 (AF tools systematic review) registered on PROSPERO website (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/).
Knowledge translation concerns for the CONSORT-PRO extension reporting guidance: a review of reviews
Authors: Mercieca-Bebber Rebecca , Aiyegbusi Olalekan Lee , King Madeleine T. , Brundage Michael , Snyder Claire , Calvert Melanie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis review of reviews aimed to appraise the use of the CONSORT-PRO Extension as an evaluation tool for assessing the reporting of patient-reported outcome (PROs) in publications, and to describe the reporting of PRO research across reviews. We also outlined how variation in such evaluations impacts knowledge translation and may lead to potential misuse of the CONSORT-PRO Extension. We systematically searched Medline, Pubmed and CINAHL from 2013 to 2025 March 2021 for reviews of the completeness of reporting of PRO endpoints according to CONSORT-PRO criteria. Two reviewers extracted details of each review, the percentage of included studies that addressed each CONSORT-PRO item, and key recommendations from each review. Fourteen reviews met inclusion criteria, and only six of these used the full CONSORT-PRO checklist with minimal justified modifications. The remaining eight studies made significant or unjustified adjustments to the CONSORT-PRO Extension. Review studies also varied in how they scored multi-component CONSORT-PRO items. CONSORT-PRO items were often unreported in trial reports, and certain CONSORT-PRO items were reported less often than others. The reporting of statistical approaches to dealing with missing PRO data were poor in RCTs included in all 14 review articles. Studies reviewing PRO publications often omitted recommended CONSORT-PRO items from their evaluations, which may cause confusion among readers regarding how best to report their PRO research according to the CONSORT-PRO extension. Many trials published since CONSORT-PRO’s release did not report recommended CONSORT-PRO items, which may lead to misinterpretation and consequently to research waste.
“Not all groups come together, but this one just clicks”: Ten Tips for Sustaining an Engagement Panel
Authors: Jensen Agnes C. , Amundson Erin C. , Brown Cheryl , Cochrane James , Daly David , Glenn Rosie , Hope Kaydance , Hawkins Jeanette , Oakley Joshua Wilder , Sacra Elijah , Walker Janet , Westmoreland Sr William C 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn 2017, ten veteran patients with the shared experience of living with chronic pain united to form a Veteran Engagement Panel (VEP) to support the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute® (PCORI®)funded Veterans Pain Care Organizational Improvement Comparative Effectiveness (VOICE) Study. The study, conducted at ten Veterans Affairs (VA) sites, compares two team-based approaches to improve pain management and reduce potential harms of opioid therapy. The panel shares ten best practices for sustaining a successful engagement partnership.
Operationalizing Stakeholder Engagement Through the Stakeholder-Centric Engagement Charter (SCEC)
Authors: Martínez Jenny , Piersol Catherine Verrier , Lucas Kenneth , Leland Natalie E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is a need for clear strategies and procedures to operationalize stakeholder engagement in research studies. Clear guidelines that promote shared leadership among study investigators and research stakeholders are important for inclusive and sustainable partnerships. Such guidelines may take the form of a governance charter and can be a means for encouraging the participation and inclusion of stakeholders who may have little to no experience with research or are otherwise underrepresented in research. This perspective article presents the Stakeholder-Centric Engagement Charter (SCEC), one effort to operationalize a stakeholder engagement approach between researchers and an advisory committee as guided by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute’s (PCORI) Research Engagement Principles (i.e., reciprocal relationships, partnerships, co-learning, transparency-honesty-trust). Building on the SCEC can help future investigators develop a study-specific, dynamic, governance document outlining advisory committee and research team preferences in areas such as role expectations, study governance, and decision-making procedures.
Involving Stakeholders as Communication Partners in Research Dissemination Efforts
Authors: Elwy A. Rani , Maguire Elizabeth M. , Kim Bo , West Gavin S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMoving evidence into practice requires the support of stakeholders, who are critical actors in the research process. Yet, research teams need strategies for determining who these stakeholders are, what their roles should be, and how to involve them in research and dissemination activities. In this Perspective, we discuss steps for identifying, categorizing, and including stakeholders in the research process, as a precursor to involving them as communication partners in research dissemination efforts. Effectively communicating the results of research is critical for increasing stakeholders’ buy-in for the adoption and sustainment of this evidence. However, this communication is best if it comes from the end-users themselves, the stakeholders, who have a specified involvement in the research process. Combining elements from dissemination, implementation, and management science literature, we identify specific tools and strategies for researchers to (1) understand the roles of various stakeholders potentially impacted by their work, and (2) recognize the specific communication activities these stakeholders could be engaged in, to support the dissemination of research findings. We present a 3-Step Plan for identifying, categorizing, and involving stakeholders in the research process in a way that will lead to their role as communication partners when results are ready to be disseminated widely.
Die komplexe Fusionsmaschinerie der Herpesviren
Authors: Vallbracht Melina , Klupp Barbara G. , Mettenleiter Thomas C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEnveloped viruses enter cells by fusion between viral and cellular membranes which is catalyzed by specialized fusogenic glycoproteins (g) on the viral surface. Many viruses use a single fusion protein for entry. In contrast, herpesviruses depend on a complex fusion machinery. Here, we discuss the role of the individual herpesvirus fusion machinery components and answer two basic questions: why does the herpesvirus fusion protein gB depend on other glycoproteins for fusion, and can gB be transformed to function autonomously?
Tailored surface textures to increase friction—A review
Authors: Costa Henara L. , Schille Jörg , Rosenkranz Andreas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSurface textures with micro-scale feature dimensions still hold great potential to enhance the frictional performance of tribological systems. Apart from the ability of surface texturing to reduce friction, surface textures can also be used to intentionally increase friction in various applications that rely on friction for their adequate functioning. Therefore, this review aims at presenting the state-of-the-art regarding textured surfaces for high-friction purposes. After a brief general introduction, the recent trends and future paths in laser surface texturing are summarized. Then, the potential of surface textures to increase friction in different applications including adhesion, movement transmission and control, biomimetic applications, and road-tire contacts is critically discussed. Special emphasis in this section is laid on the involved mechanisms responsible for friction increase. Finally, current short-comings and future research directions are pointed out thus emphasizing the great potential of (laser-based) surface texturing methods for innovations in modern surface engineering.
Development of Kinetic Parameters for Nitric Acid Leaching of Phlogopite and the Characterization of Solid Products
Authors: Favel Cheri M. , du Plessis Barend J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSouth Africa is a net importer of fertilizer products, importing all of its potassium, as well as 60–70% of its nitrogen requirements. Thus, domestic prices are impacted significantly by international prices, shipping costs, and exchange rates. Producing these fertilizers locally would be far more economical. Phlogopite, a rich source of potassium, is discarded in large quantities during mining operations; the objective of the present study, therefore, was to determine the acid-leaching characteristics and behavior of phlogopite as a means of releasing potassium. Phlogopite samples were leached with nitric acid (source of nitrogen for fertilizers) at various concentrations, temperatures, and reaction times. The feed phlogopite and leached residue samples corresponding to conversions of 14% (LP1), 44% (LP2), and 100% (LP3) were collected and analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area and porosity analysis (BET), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). The feed phlogopite was highly crystalline. The absence of defects in the lattice meant that the motion of H+ atoms penetrating into the lattice was restricted, suggesting internal diffusion-controlled leaching. Furthermore, results obtained from the various analytical techniques corroborated each other in terms of the release of cations during leaching. All leaching experiments were conducted batchwise, in a closed system. The gravimetric data from the experiments were used to identify a suitable model which predicts accurately the leaching behavior. The reaction was found to be internal diffusion-controlled, and the D1 model, which represents one-dimensional diffusion through a flat plate, predicts the leaching behavior most accurately. The observed activation energies (Ea) and pre-exponential constants (k0) varied with initial nitric acid concentration ([H+]0).
The brighter side effects: Identification and attainment
Authors: Khoobchandani Nishka , Sharma Shania , Davis Alicia S. , Feitosa Jennifer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganizations that are becoming more diverse and relying on teams to achieve performance outcomes often employ organizational interventions to deliver these outcomes. Although some negative or null side effects have been demonstrated related to these interventions, we argue that many positive side effects are often not captured or are disregarded and warrant further attention. Using examples from the training literature, we provide evidence for positive side effects of organizational interventions. We also identify lapses in the field’s approach to the measurement of the effects of organizational interventions and how this prevents our attempts to improve these interventions to create better and more holistic outcomes for employees and organizations. We suggest opportunities to improve interventions that can be applied in our diverse workplaces.
Wintertime Observations of Tropical Northwest Atlantic Aerosol Properties During ATOMIC: Varying Mixtures of Dust and Biomass Burning
Authors: Quinn P. K. , Bates T. S. , Coffman D. J. , Upchurch L. M. , Johnson J. E. , Brewer A. , Baidar S. , McCoy I. L. , Zuidema P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Atlantic Tradewind Ocean‐Atmosphere Mesoscale Campaign (ATOMIC) took place from 7 January to 11 July 2020 in the tropical North Atlantic between the east coast of Barbados and the Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS) mooring. Measurements of aerosol chemical, microphysical, optical, and cloud‐nucleating properties were made during boreal winter onboard the NOAA RV Ronald H. Brown from 7 January to 13 February 2020. Observed aerosol properties indicate there were distinct periods when the aerosol was typical of clean marine conditions (particle number concentrations <400 cm−3, light absorption levels <1 Mm−1, and 222Rn concentrations <500 mBq m−3) and when there were intrusions of dust mixed to varying degrees with biomass burning aerosol. In comparison to the long‐term dust record at the Barbados Atmospheric Chemistry Observatory, the fraction of samples collected during ATOMIC with dust concentrations greater than 20 μg m−3 exceeded all years of the Barbados January to February record with the exception of 1983. The degree of mixing of the dust with biomass burning aerosol was modulated by the location of the North Atlantic subtropical high. A high located to the west of Africa led to a more northerly transport route and more dust‐like (MDL) aerosol arriving at the ship. A location of the high further to the east over northern Africa led to a more southerly transport route and more biomass burning aerosol mixed with the dust. Properties for the marine, MDL, and mixed dust and biomass burning aerosol are presented.
Clamping of DNA shuts the condensin neck gate
Authors: Lee Byung-Gil , Rhodes James , Löwe Jan 
Published: March 2022

Significance
DNA needs to be compacted to fit into nuclei and during cell division, when dense chromatids are formed for their mechanical segregation, a process that depends on the protein complex condensin. It forms and enlarges loops in DNA through loop extrusion. Our work resolves the atomic structure of a DNA-bound state of condensin in which ATP has not been hydrolyzed. The DNA is clamped within a compartment that has been reported previously in other structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes, including Rad50, cohesin, and MukBEF. With the caveat of important differences, it means that all SMC complexes cycle through at least some similar states and undergo similar conformational changes in their head modules, while hydrolyzing ATP and translocating DNA.
The neural substrate of spatial memory stabilization depends on the distribution of the training sessions
Authors: Mastrorilli Valentina , Centofante Eleonora , Antonelli Federica , Rinaldi Arianna , Mele Andrea 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Distributed training has long been known to lead to more robust memory formation as compared to massed training. Using the water maze, a well-established task for assessing memory in laboratory rodents, we found that distributed and massed training differentially engage the dorsolateral and dorsomedial striatum, and optogenetic priming of dorsolateral striatum can artificially increase the robustness of massed training to the level of distributed training. Overall, our findings demonstrate that spatial memory consolidation engages different neural substrates depending on the training regimen, identifying a therapeutic avenue for memory enhancement.
Remarks on the maximality approach to Mandarindouand other related issues
Authors: Feng Yuli , Pan Haihua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper we comment on the maximality approach to Mandarin Chinesedouinitiated byGiannakidou & Cheng (2006)and modified byXiang (2008), showing that the approach fails (1) to explain several linguistic phenomena (e.g. the interaction betweenna‘which’-phrases anddou, the distributive effect ofdou, and the exclusiveness ofdou), (2) makes incorrect predictions concerning the interpretations ofdou-sentences, and (3) suffers from various theoretical problems (e.g. compositional difficulty). After refuting the maximality approach, the paper argues that treatingdouas a device for encoding universal quantification gives the above issues a more cogent explanation, has a wider coverage of language data, and also avoids the theoretical problems with the maximality approach.
Tangut uvularization and the devil in the Chinese details
Authors: Smith Jonathan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
I critique traditional simplex approaches to Tangut Grade by primary reference to Xun Gong’s new suggestion that Grade I/II syllables were contrastively uvularized. Such proposals are rooted in the categories of philological Middle Chinese (MC), but the Grades are at the same time incommensurate with MC in reflecting the effects of apicalization, labiodentalization, and other changes affecting vocalism across northern late medieval Chinese languages (NLMC). Attention to these details suggests that Tangut Grade concerned vowel quality per se, not simplex diagnostic segments or features. Gong’s correspondence between Tangut Grade I/II K- and Rgyalrong Q- also has parallels in NLMC and will require a narrower solution within proposed Qiangic.
Defective incorporating verbs in Mandarin
Authors: Zhang Niina Ning 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper identifies a type of noun incorporation in which the verb and a nominal are combined as early saturation of the verb, in contrast to early restriction, which is seen in the familiar type of noun incorporation. Two types of V-V resultative constructions in Mandarin Chinese are compared: the agent-oriented one and the patient-oriented one. The semantic grouping effects of the first verb and the post-verbal nominal of an agent-oriented type show that they are local to each other in their base-positions. But unlike in the patient-oriented one, the first verb in the construction shows a weak reachability. The defectiveness of the verb is parallel to that of an incorporated nominal in the familiar type of noun incorporation: e.g. no modification and no anaphoric linking to a proform. The paper argues that the first verb in the agent-oriented resultative construction and the post-verbal nominal, which can be a full-fledged referential nominal, undergo a type of noun incorporation parallel to the familiar type. In such noun incorporation, instead of the nominal, it is the verb that exhibits root-like properties. Such properties are viewed as a consequence of an early combination of a verb and a nominal, before each of them takes an event-argument, in a neo-Davisonian semantic perspective.
A direct Z-scheme g-C6N6/InP van der Waals heterostructure: a promising photocatalyst for high-efficiency overall water splitting
Authors: Wenna Han , Xuefeng Chen , Minglei Jia , Fengzhu Ren , Chengxiao Peng , Haigang Yang , Qinfen Gu , Bing Wang , Huabing Yin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An intrinsic out-of-plane electronic field can inhibit the recombination of photogenerated carriers in two-dimensional (2D) polar materials. On the other hand, a direct Z-scheme constructed from a 2D van der Waals heterostructure can not only effectively separate photogenerated carriers, but also can retain robust redox abilities. g-C6N6/InP, a direct Z-scheme heterostructure with a polarized material is successfully designed, which is verified to be available for overall water splitting through first-principles calculations. Due to the synergistic effects of intrinsic electric field and a direct Z-scheme heterostructure, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can simultaneously take place on the g-C6N6 and InP monolayer, respectively. The predicted solar-to-hydrogen efficiency can reach 21.69%, which breaks the conventional theoretical limit of ∼18%. The suitable direction of intrinsic electronic field in the polar material can enhance the photogenerated carrier migration and redox abilities for both HER and OER. Based on these findings, the g-C6N6/InP vdW heterostructure can provide a new perspective for finding higher-efficiency Z-scheme photocatalysts with polar materials for overall water decomposition.
Luís Roberto Barroso’s Theory of Constitutional Adjudication: A Philosophical Reply
Authors: Bustamante Thomas , Peluso Neder Meyer Emílio , De Godoi Bustamante Evanilda 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Luís Roberto Barroso is one of the most influential legal scholars in Latin America. In this Article, we challenge his theory of constitutional legitimacy. Barroso believes that the legitimacy of constitutional adjudication stems from three different roles performed by constitutional courts. First, courts play a counter-majoritarian role; second, they have also a “representative role.” Although judges lack votes, they are better positioned than legislatures to interpret the will of the people because they are less vulnerable to partisan interests. Finally, courts can perform an “enlightened role”; they can break the political inertia and lead society to a better future. Although these powers should be used sparingly, courts can act as an enlightened vanguard and push history forward in the interests of the citizens. We argue that these roles are conceptually inconsistent and that the last two roles are not justified. We conclude, in addition, that Barroso’s theory of judicial legitimacy encourages a politicization of adjudication and constitutes a threat to the rule of law.