bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological and morphometric description of neurons in the sensorimotor cortex of the rat brain after ligation of the common carotid arteries
Authors: Makar'eva L. M. , Akulinin V. A. , Stepanov S. S. , Shoronova A. Yu. , Avdeev D. B. , Korzhuk M. S. 
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to present structural and morphometric changes in the sensorimotor cortex neurons of the rat brain after ligation of the common carotid arteries (LCCA).Material and methods. Cerebral ischemia was modeled in white Wistar rats by irreversible bilateral ligation of common carotid arteries (2-vessel model of incomplete global ischemia, without hypotension). For morphological studies, histological (hematoxylin–eosin, thionin staining according to the Nissl method), immunohistochemical (NSE, GFAP) and morphometric methods were used. The control group consisted of intact animals (n=6), the material was taken 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after the experimental modeling of LCCA (n=30). Morphometric analysis was performed on preparations of frontal sections of the brain using the ImageJ 1.53; statistical hypotheses were tested using the Statistica 8.0.Results. It was found that the number density of normochromic neurons decreased throughout the study period and reached its minimum values 30 days after LCCA: the decrease in layer III was 75.9%, and in layer V it was 72.6%. There was a decrease in the total number density of neurons. After 1 and 3 days, in layers III and V, the content of hyperchromic neurons with intact shape of perikarya increased. The numerical density of hyperchromic neurons with a spindle-shaped perikaryon, a deformed nucleus, as well as neurons with a homogeneous cytoplasm had maximum values after 30 days.Conclusion. After irreversible bilateral LCCA, together with an increase in the number density of hyperchromic pycnotic neurons, as well as neurons with homogenization of the cytoplasm and nucleus, a decrease in the NSE content in the cytoplasm of pyramidal neurons was noted, which may indicate a decrease in the expression of this protein and a decrease in the functional activity of neurons by the end of the study period. An increase in hyperchromic pycnotic neurons and shadow cells against the background of a decrease in the number density of normochromic and hyperchromic non-pycnotic neurons may indicate a significant severity of the processes occurring after LCCA and the irreversibility of destructive changes in nerve cells.
Intraoperative BIS monitoring can predict the occurrence of EEG suppression and improve the operation quality
Authors: Zhao Jindi , An Xingwei , Yu Wenli , Weng Yiqi , Sheng Mingwei , Jia Lili , Sun Ying , Du Hongyin , Ming Dong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recent years, researches on diagnosis of anesthesia status and postoperative recovery based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have become increasingly popular. Bispectral index (BIS) is the earliest and most effective indicator for monitoring the depth of clinical anesthesia, and the waveform of intraoperative EEG can be displayed in real time. Excessive anesthesia and other conditions will cause burst suppression (BS) of intraoperative EEG, which will prolong the operation time and ICU stay time, and increase the incidence of postoperative delirium. This study analyzes the changes of intraoperative BIS monitoring on real-time EEG waveform and spectrogram, the results showed that BIS can predict the occurrence of EEG BS and then reduce the operation time and the incidence of postoperative delirium through rational use of intraoperative drugs.
Relationship Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Erythema Nodosum and Psoriasis: Using Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Jianhua Lu , Danna Liang , Shengsheng Zhao , Xiaoxiao Shao , Chuyuan Ye , Bozhen Chen , Jiangnan Chen , Pihong Li , Hao Wu , Weijian Sun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Erythema nodosum and psoriasis are two prevalent extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Erythema nodosum usually appears before or after the onset of IBD. Therefore, it has to be studied whether there is an association between erythema nodosum, psoriasis, and IBD, and their causal relationship remains to be explored.
Methods
To choose acceptable instruments, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with exposure, a series of quality control measures were used in our study. We utilized several robust analytical methods (inverse-variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger regression) based on different assumptions of two-sample MR analysis to obtain more robust and reliable conclusions. To assess the horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities, and stability of these genetic variants on erythema nodosum, MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's test, and "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis were performed.
Results
Our two-sample Mendelian randomized analysis, exposure GWAS aggregate, and GWAS aggregate results showed a positive association between IBD and erythema nodosum and psoriasis, consistent with many published observational studies, but our calculations revealed no statistical difference between the two.
Conclusion
MR estimations showed no significant association between inflammatory bowel disease and erythema nodosum (OR = 1.069; P > 0.05) and psoriasis (OR = 1.014; P > 0.05). Therefore, further research is required to understand better the relationship between IBD and erythema nodosum and psoriasis.
A rare case of cervical squamous cell carcinoma combined with sinonasal inverted Papilloma: A case report
Authors: Hou Xiaoyu , Peng Chunrong , Zhang Guonan , Wang Dengfeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide, and sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) is a rare benign sinus tumor and has the characteristics of destructive growth pattern, high recurrence rate and easy canceration. Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) combined with SIP has not been reported so far. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old woman was diagnosed with cervical SCC in our center and treated with concurrent radiochemotherapy. During the follow-up period, SIP was found twice and both underwent endoscopic left nasal tumor resection. The clues that the diseases were found were the abnormal rise of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA). SCCA level decreased to normal after operations.Discussion and Conclusion: (1) when the cervical lesions have resolved satisfactorily but the SCCA is still high, other sites should be promptly investigated for the cause, which may lead to earlier detection and earlier treatment of SIP. (2) Combined with the literature, we recommend that SCCA can be used as a routine monitoring index for SIP. If available, a combination of SCCA1 and SCCA2 can be tried for further judgement. (3) For SIP with a high recurrence rate, can anti-HPV treatment be taken after operation to reduce the risk of recurrence?
Genes whose gain or loss-of-function changes type 1, 2A, 2X or 2B muscle fibre proportions in mice: A systematic literature review
Authors: Kuhnen Gabryela , Russomano Tiago Guedes , Murgia Marta , Pillon Nicolas J. , Schönfelder Martin , Wackerhage Henning 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Adult muscle fibres are classified as type 1, 2A, 2X, and 2B muscle fibres based on the expression of the dominant myosin heavy chain isoform. Muscle fibre-specific gene expression and muscle fibre types change during development and in response to changes in contractile activity such as exercise, chronic electrical stimulation versus inactivity or denervation. Methods: To identify genes whose gain or loss-of-function changes type 1, 2A, 2X or 2B muscle fibre proportions in mice, we conducted a systematic review following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines and the PICO framework.Results: We identified 25 “muscle fibre genes” (Akirin1, Bdkrb2, Bdnf, Camk4, Ccnd3, Cpt1a, Epas1, Esrrg, Foxj3, Foxo1, Il15, Mapk12, Mstn, Myod1, Ncor1, Nfatc1, Nol3, Ppargc1a, Ppargc1b, Sirt1, Sirt3, Thra, Thrb, Trib3, Vgll2) whose gain or loss-of-function changes type 1, 2A, 2X or 2B muscle fibre proportions in mice. The fact that 15 of the 25 muscle fibre genes are transcriptional regulators suggests that muscle fibre-specific gene expression is primarily regulated transcriptionally. Muscle fibre genes such as Ppaargc1a and Vgll2 increase or Mstn decrease their expression after exercise, respectively, suggesting that this contributes to muscle adaptation to exercise. Finally, there are many known DNA sequence variants of muscle fibre genes suggesting that this contributes to the large variation of muscle fibre percentages in humans. Conclusion: Muscle fibre genes are a set of genes that often regulate gene expression and where DNA variants are likely to change human muscle fibre distribution.
Nationally validating the core competency evaluation instrument for gerontological nurse specialists: based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Chen Hongxiu , Pu Lihui , Hu Xiuying , Chen Qian , Huang Zhaojing , Wang Fang , Wang Guan , Bai Chunlan , Cheng Linan , Shi Hongrui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to further test the psychometric properties of the core competency evaluation instrument for gerontological nurse specialists nationwide and to optimize it.Design: Cross-sectional studySettings and Participants: This study was conducted on gerontological nurse specialists trained at 13 province-level or above training organizations in China.Methods: Online questionnaires were adopted to collect data from March 2019 to January 2020. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied to revise and cross-validate the instrument.Results: Twenty items were excluded from the original scale, and nine factors were extracted from the revised scale by exploratory factor analysis. Of nine extracted factors, two (professional self-identification and learning enthusiasm), five (clinical nursing skill, communication and management skill, professional development skill, legal/ethical practice skill, and research/analysis decision-making skill), and two factors (professional knowledge and basic knowledge) were extracted from Attitude, Skill, and Knowledge subscale, respectively. 87.02%, 81.70%, and 81.70% of the total variances were explained respectively by factors extracted from these three subscales, which were much higher than those of the original version scale (i.e., 68.58%, 69.60%, and 75.87% respectively). The revised scale was cross-validated by confirmatory factor analysis, which showed good model fitness in all three subscales, that is, χ2/df < 3, SRMR ≤ 0.05, RMSEA ≤ 0.05, GFI, AGFI, IFI, TLI, and CFI > 0.9. The Cronbach’s α coefficients of nine factors ranged from 0.91 to 0.98. The retest reliability was 0.87.Conclusion: The factor structure of the core competency evaluation instrument for gerontological nurse specialists was more stable and concise after modification. The revised scale could be preliminarily used nationwide as it has excellent reliability and validity. However, it is also necessary to make further adjustments.
Risk Factors for Insufficient Reduction After Short-Segment Posterior Fixation for Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures Does the Interval from Injury Onset to Surgery Affect Reduction of Fractured Vertebrae?
Authors: Aono Hiroyuki , Takenaka Shota , Okuda Akinori , Kikuchi Takeshi , Takeshita Hiroshi , Nagata Keiji , Ito Yasuo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Many surgeons have encountered patients who could not immediately undergo surgery to treat spinal fractures because they had associated injuries and/or because a complete diagnosis was delayed. For such patients, practitioners might assume that delays could mean that the eventual reduction would be insufficient. However, no report covered risk factors for insufficient reduction of fractured vertebra including duration from injury onset to surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors for insufficient reduction after short-segment fixation of thoracolumbar burst fractures.Methods: Our multicenter study included 253 patients who sustained a single thoracolumbar burst fracture and underwent short-segment fixation. We measured the local vertebral body angle (VBA) on roentgenograms, before and after surgery, and then calculated the reduction angle and reduction rate of the fractured vertebra by using the following formula:[(Preoperative VBA – Postoperative VBA) / Preoperative VBA] × 100A multiple logistical regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for insufficient reduction. The factors that we evaluated were age, gender, affected spine level, time elapsed from injury to surgery, inclusion of vertebroplasty with surgery, load-sharing score (LSS), AO classification (type A or B), preoperative VBA, and the ratio of canal compromise before surgery.Results: There were 140 male and 113 female patients, with an average age of 43 years, and the mean time elapsed between injury and surgery was 3.8 days. The mean reduction angle was 12°, and the mean reduction rate was 76%. The mean LSS was 6.4 points. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that a higher LSS, a larger preoperative VBA, a younger age, and being female disposed patients to having a larger reduction angle and reduction rate. The time elapsed from injury to surgery had no relation to the quality of fracture reduction in the acute period.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that if there is no neurologic deficit, it is not necessary to hurry surgical reduction of fractured vertebrae in the acute phase.
Comparision of the scoring systems to predict clinical outcomes in elderly patients with biliary pancreatitis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: İNAN OSMAN , ACEHAN MUHAMMED FATİH , ŞAHİNER ENES SEYDA , ASLAN MERYEM , ALTIPARMAK EMİN , ATES İHSAN 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The issue of which scoring system is appropriate in elderly patients with acute biliary pancreatitis is an ongoing debate. We aimed to compare the efficiency of four existing scoring systems in predicting clinical outcomes in the elderly with acute biliary pancreatitis.
Methods
The study included patients aged 60 years and older with a diagnosis of acute biliary pancreatitis. Clinical findings, routine laboratory examinations, and imaging findings were retrospectively accessed through the hospital information system and reviewed. Then, the efficacy of Ranson, Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP), Glasgow-Imrie, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scoring systems in predicting mortality, severity, organ failure, complications, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and prolonged hospital stay (PHS) were compared.
Results
The Ranson score was compared with three other existing scoring systems in primary and secondary outcomes in 364 eligible patients. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the Ranson, BISAP, Glasgow, and APACHE II scores were 0.787 (95% CI: 0.649–0.925), 0.856 (95% CI: 0.784–0.929), 0.908 (95% CI: 0.854–0.961), and 0.836 (95% CI: 0.702–0.971) for mortality. Although the AUC of the Ranson score for mortality was lower than that of the other scores, no significant difference was found in pairwise comparisons with the other three scores (p > 0.05 for all).
Conclusion
The Ranson scoring system was the weakest among the assessed scoring systems in predicting clinical outcomes in elderly patients with biliary pancreatitis.
MCUR1 is a marker for the progression and prognosis of breast cancer
Authors: Che Xuchun , Wang Qing , Zhang Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The uptake of Ca2+ in mitochondria depends on the mitochondrial calcium uniporter and its regulatory subunits, such as mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 and mitochondrial calcium uniporter regulator 1(MCUR1). We developed a prognostic biomarker gene network based on MCUR1 gene to provide survival risk prediction for breast cancer. The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis was developed to analyze survival rate of breast cancer patients in the MCUR1 high and low expression group from the combined data of The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Genotype-Tissue Expression. The immune status including immune cell infiltration ratio and checkpoints have been explored. The significantly enriched KEGG pathway and GO terms in two groups have been also studied. A co-expression analysis was generated for the connected gene network for MCUR1. It can be shown here the low expression of MCUR1 is closely related to the development and prognosis of breast cancer. From the immune cell infiltration ratio analysis, there is a significant difference in the infiltration degree of macrophages M1 and T cells CD8 between MCUR1 high and low expression groups. Meanwhile, the expression of 6 checkpoints in low expression group of MCUR1 was significantly lower than that in high expression group of MCUR1(P<0.05). The glycine serine and threonine metabolism related pathway in KEGG enrichment analysis and oxidoreductase activity acting on the CH_NH2 group of donors oxygen as acceptor, negative regulation of interleukin 10 production, regulation of tolerance induction in GO terms are activated in MCUR1 high expression group. 8 genes show a close connection to MCUR1 from co-expression network study. This study has explored a potential prognostic biomarker and established a MCUR1 based prognostic prediction model for breast cancer, which provides a valuable reference for future clinical research.
Time-Domain Anti-Interference Method for Ship Radiated Noise Signal
Authors: YiChen Duan , Xiaohong Sheng , Haiyan Wang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
ship radiated noise signal is one of the important ways to detect and identify ships, and emission of interference noise to shield its own radiated noise signal is a common countermeasure. In this paper, we try to use the idea of signal enhancement to enhance the ship radiated noise signal with extremely low signal-to-noise ratio, so as to achieve anti-explosive signal interference. We propose a signal enhancement deep learning model to enhance the ship radiated noise signal by learning a mask in the temporal domain. Our approach is an encoder-decoder structure with U-net. U-net consists of 1d-conv with skip connection. In order to improve the learning ability of the model, we directly connect the U-net in series. In order to improve the learning ability of the model's time series information, we avoid deep learning paradigms such as lstm or RNN with high computational complexity. The Transformer attention mechanism is adopted to make the model have the ability to learn temporal information. We propose a combine Loss function for SI-SNR and mean squared error in time-domain. Finally, we use the actual collected data to conduct experiments. It is verified that our algorithm can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the ship radiated noise signal to 2dB under the extremely low signal-to-noise ratio of -20dB to -25dB.
Towards Ensemble-Based Kilometer-Scale Climate Simulations over the Third Pole Region
Authors: Prein Andreas F. , Ban Nikolina , Ou Tinghai , Tang Jianping , Sakaguchi Koichi , Collier Emily , Jayanarayanan Sanjay , Li Lu , Sobolowski Stefan , Chen Xingchao , Zhou Xu , Lai Hui-Wen , Sugimoto Shiori , Zou Liwei , Hasson Shabeh ul , Ekstrom Marie , Pothapakula Praveen Kumar , Stuart Romilly , Steen-Larsen Hans Christian , Leung Ruby , Belusic Danijel , Kukulies Julia , Curio Julia , Chen Deliang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding mountains have an average elevation of 4,400 m and a glaciated area of ~100,000 km 2 giving it the name "Third Pole (TP) region". The TP is the headwater of many major rivers in Asia that provide fresh water to hundreds of millions of people. Climate change is altering the energy and water cycle of the TP at a record pace but the future of this region is highly uncertain due to major challenges in simulating weather and climate processes in this complex area. The Convection-Permitting Third Pole (CPTP) project is a Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) Flagship Pilot Study (FPS) that aims to revolutionize our understanding of climate change impacts on the TP through ensemble-based, kilometer-scale climate modeling. Here we present the experimental design and first results from multi-model, multi-physics ensemble simulations of three case studies. The five participating modeling systems show high performance across a range of meteorological situations and are close to having ''observational quality'' in simulating precipitation and near-surface temperature. This is partly due to the large differences between observational datasets in this region, which are the leading source of uncertainty in model evaluations. However, a systematic cold bias above 2,000\,m exists in most modeling systems. Model physics sensitivity tests performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model show that planetary boundary layer (PBL) physics and microphysics contribute equally to model uncertainties. Additionally, larger domains result in better model performance. We conclude by describing high-priority research needs and the next steps in the CPTP project.
Patient-derived xenograft mouse model for personalized treatment in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Li Jun , Shi Zhangzhen , Wen Danyi , Bi Lintao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to establish patient-derived xenografts (PDX) models of multiple myeloma and to evaluate the feasibility of using the PDX model to test chemotherapy responsiveness. Methods: Three patients with multiple myeloma were enrolled. Fresh multiple myeloma cells isolated from bone marrow or ascites samples were inoculated subcutaneously into flanks of NCG mice. Then, engrafted tumor pieces were inoculated into flanks of NCG mice. When tumor volumes reached 100–300 mm3, the mice were divided into groups to receive corresponding chemotherapy treatments. The volume and weight of tumors were quantified.Results: The first patient responded well to BCD (bortezomib, dexamethasone, and cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy, so did the patient’s PDX model. The second patient did not response to BCD, nor the patient’s PDX model. The third patient had a transient remission after treated with BCD, MPT (melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide), or ILD (ixazomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) regimens. The third patient’s PDX model, at least partially, responded to these regimens. Conclusion: Drug responses of the patients with multiple myeloma and their PDX mouse models were consistent. The PDX mouse model is a valid experimental platform that can be utilized in a clinical setting to select personalized therapies for patients with multiple myeloma.