bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1H, 13C and 15N chemical shift assignment of the stem-loops 5b + c from the 5′-UTR of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Mertinkus Klara R. , Grün J. Tassilo , Altincekic Nadide , Bains Jasleen Kaur , Ceylan Betül , Ferner Jan-Peter , Frydman Lucio , Fürtig Boris , Hengesbach Martin , Hohmann Katharina F. , Hymon Daniel , Kim Jihyun , Knezic Božana , Novakovic Mihajlo , Oxenfarth Andreas , Peter Stephen A. , Qureshi Nusrat S. , Richter Christian , Scherf Tali , Schlundt Andreas , Schnieders Robbin , Schwalbe Harald , Stirnal Elke , Sudakov Alexey , Vögele Jennifer , Wacker Anna , Weigand Julia E. , Wirmer-Bartoschek Julia , Martin Maria A. Wirtz , Wöhnert Jens 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of the respiratory disease COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (SCoV2) virus. SCoV2 is a member of the Betacoronavirus genus. The 30 kb positive sense, single stranded RNA genome of SCoV2 features 5′- and 3′-genomic ends that are highly conserved among Betacoronaviruses. These genomic ends contain structured cis-acting RNA elements, which are involved in the regulation of viral replication and translation. Structural information about these potential antiviral drug targets supports the development of novel classes of therapeutics against COVID-19. The highly conserved branched stem-loop 5 (SL5) found within the 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) consists of a basal stem and three stem-loops, namely SL5a, SL5b and SL5c. Both, SL5a and SL5b feature a 5′-UUUCGU-3′ hexaloop that is also found among Alphacoronaviruses. Here, we report the extensive 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignment of the 37 nucleotides (nts) long sequence spanning SL5b and SL5c (SL5b + c), as basis for further in-depth structural studies by solution NMR spectroscopy.
CAD and FEM Modelling of Theoretical Roughness in Diamond Burnishing
Authors: Felhő Csaba , Varga Gyula 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDiamond burnishing is a widely used finishing machining that can have a positive effect on both the roughness of cut surfaces and its stress state. This paper is focused on the examination of the theoretical and real roughness of surfaces machined by sliding burnishing. In determining the theoretical roughness, the surface structure created by the pre-burnishing cutting (turning) was also considered. Two different modelling methods were used to obtain theoretical surface roughness data: CAD-modelling and finite element simulation. A method using CAD-based modelling of the machined surface was used to determine the theoretical roughness for both the turning and burnishing processes. However, this previously developed model is not directly applicable to plastic deformation processes such as diamond burnishing, so the principle of the Hertz theory for normal contact of elastic solids was used to calculate the penetration depth of the tool into the workpiece. The 2D FEM simulations were performed in the DEFORM software. To validate the applied modelling methods, real cutting experiments were performed, where the surface roughness values were measured during diamond burnishing experiments with different feed per revolution values. Based on the comparison of both applied modelling methods with real roughness data it can be stated that the theoretical roughness values are well approximated the real data.
Sustainability of groundwater resources of weathered and fractured schists in the rural areas of Galicia (Spain)
Authors: Samper Javier , Naves Acacia , Pisani Bruno , Dafonte Jorge , Montenegro Luis , García-Tomillo Aitor 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWater supply deficits in droughts, groundwater pollution and climate change are the main challenges for the sustainability of groundwater resources from hard-rock aquifers in rural areas of Galicia (Spain). Here, we address the sustainability of groundwater resources of weathered and fractured schists in the rural areas of the Abegondo municipality. The conceptualization of the hydrogeology of the study area includes: (1) The weathered schist (regolith), (2) The decompressed highly fractured schist layer; and (3) An underlying slightly fractured schist. Groundwater flows mostly through the regolith and the highly fractured rock. Rainfall infiltration is the source of aquifer recharge. Groundwater discharges in seepage areas, springs and along creeks and valleys. The water table is generally shallow and shows seasonal oscillations of up to 4 m. The equivalent transmissivity of the regolith and the highly fractured schist ranges from 15 to 35 m2/days. The electrical resistivity tomography identifies a shallow water table and attests that the contact of the highly fractured schist and the slightly fractured schist is highly heterogeneous. Groundwater resources were quantified with a hydrological water balance model. The mean annual recharge is about 185 mm. Groundwater recharge at the end of the twenty-first century could decrease from 6 to 10% due to climate change. The decline in groundwater table could aggravate the shortages during droughts. Groundwater quality data show bacteriological and nitrate contamination due to the poor management of the manure in the fields and occasional discharges of slurry from pig and mink farms. Groundwater management and protection actions are proposed to prevent groundwater pollution and achieve a sustainable groundwater supply in the study area.
Firms’ distance to the European productivity frontier
Authors: Añón Higón Dolores , Máñez Juan A. , Rochina-Barrachina María E. , Sanchis Amparo , Sanchis Juan A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this article we explore the factors contributing to reduce the distance of laggard firms to the European frontier, focusing on institutional factors. To characterize Total Factor Productivity frontier firms within industries for the European Union we use firm level data from AMADEUS for the period 2003–2014. Our findings provide evidence on the importance of governance quality and easiness in getting credit in explaining the distance of laggard firms to the European productivity frontier. We also find that other factors at the country level -tertiary education, R&D stock, and trade openness- and at the firm level -size, age, and capital-intensity- influence the distance of laggards to the frontier. In addition, we examine the role of the Great Recession in moderating the contribution of all these factors to reduce firms’ distance to the European productivity frontier.
Disaster Preparedness Among Populations in Shenzhen, China, With and Without Chronic Disease
Authors: Qin Yu-Ju , Liu Jia-Hong , Xie Yao-Jie , Wang Shao-ling , Liu Xian-liang , Loke Alice Yuen , Mo Bei-Rong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective:
This survey examined and compared the disaster perception and preparedness of 2421 residents with and without chronic disease in Shenzhen, China.

Methods:
The participants were recruited and were asked to complete a survey in 2018.

Results:
Three types of disasters considered most likely to happen in Shenzhen were: typhoons (73.5% vs 74.9%), major transport accidents (61.5% vs 64.7%), and major fires (60.8% vs 63.0%). Only 5.9% and 5% of them, respectively, considered infectious diseases pandemics to be likely. There were significant differences between those with and without chronic disease in disaster preparedness, only a small percentage could be considered to have prepared for disaster (20.7% vs 14.5%). Logistic regression analyses showed that those aged 65 or older (odds ratio [OR] = 2.76), who had attained a Master’s degree or higher (OR = 2.0), and with chronic disease (OR = 1.38) were more prepared for disasters.

Conclusions:
Although participants with chronic disease were better prepared than those without, overall, Shenzhen residents were inadequately prepared for disasters and in need of public education.
The Explanationist and the Modalist
Authors: Mortini Dario 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent epistemology has witnessed a substantial opposition between two competing approaches to capturing the notion of non-accidentality in the analysis of knowledge: the explanationist and the modalist. According to the latest advocates of the former (e.g., Bogardus and Perrin 2020), S knows that p if and only if S believes that p because p is true. According to champions of the latter (e.g., safety and sensitivity theorists), S knows that p if and only if S's belief that p is true in a relevant set of possible worlds. Because Bogardus and Perrin's explanationism promises to deliver a plausible analysis of knowledge without any need for modal notions, it is an elegant proposal with prima facie appeal. However, such version of explanationism ultimately does not live up to its promises: in this paper, I raise some objections to their explanationist analysis of knowledge while showing that modalism is in much better shape than they think. In particular, I argue that their explanationist condition generates the wrong results in Gettier cases and fake-barn cases. I also offer and defend a novel version of modalism: I introduce a refined safety condition which is shown to successfully handle the same Gettier cases that beset Bogardus and Perrin's version of explanationism. The paper concludes with a reassessment of the explanationist's initial ambition to provide an analysis of knowledge without modal notions. The upshot will be that even if the prospects for such analysis remain dim, our money should be on the modalist, not the explanationist.
Afghanistan's humanitarian crisis and its impacts on the mental health of healthcare workers during COVID-19
Authors: Islam Zarmina , Rija Aiman , Mohanan Parvathy , Qamar Khulud , Jahangir Kainat , Nawaz Faisal A. , Essar Mohammad Yasir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAfghanistan's humanitarian crisis has severely impacted the mental health of frontline workers. With the introduction of the Taliban government, ongoing civil unrest, and other forms of violent attacks, healthcare workers (HCWs) continue to provide patient care despite minimal resources. A severe contraction in the economy, poor supply of medications, political turmoil, and insufficient humanitarian aid have added to pre-existing problems. High levels of insecurity and instability as well as decades of traumatic experiences have contributed to increasing mental health challenges amongst frontline workers. Despite the scarcity of mental health services, HCWs continue to persevere with their service to the community. However, inadequate interventions may have serious implications for HCWs bearing the brunt of multiple traumas. Thus, governmental and international involvement is needed to address both the economic and psychological needs of HCWs in Afghanistan.
Sharp decline in rates of community respiratory viral detection among patients at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Woolbert Michele E. , Spalding Christine D. , Sinaii Ninet , Decker Brooke K. , Palmore Tara N. , Henderson David K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectives:To analyze the frequency and rates of community respiratory virus infections detected in patients at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (NIHCC) between January 2015 and March 2021, comparing the trends before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods:We conducted a retrospective study comparing frequency and rates of community respiratory viruses detected in NIHCC patients between January 2015 and March 2021. Test results from nasopharyngeal swabs and washes, bronchoalveolar lavages, and bronchial washes were included in this study. Results from viral-challenge studies and repeated positives were excluded. A quantitative data analysis was completed using cross tabulations. Comparisons were performed using mixed models, applying the Dunnett correction for multiplicity.Results:Frequency of all respiratory pathogens declined from an annual range of 0.88%–1.97% between January 2015 and March 2020 to 0.29% between April 2020 and March 2021. Individual viral pathogens declined sharply in frequency during the same period, with no cases of influenza A/B orparainfluenza and 1 case of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Rhino/enterovirusdetection continued, but with a substantially lower frequency of 4.27% between April 2020 and March 2021, compared with an annual range of 8.65%–18.28% between January 2015 and March 2020.Conclusions:The decrease in viral respiratory infections detected in NIHCC patients during the pandemic was likely due to the layered COVID-19 prevention and mitigation measures implemented in the community and the hospital. Hospitals should consider continuing the use of nonpharmaceutical interventions in the future to prevent nosocomial transmission of respiratory viruses during times of high community viral load.
Alterations in taste and smell associated with SARS-CoV-2: an exploratory study investigating food consumption and subsequent behavioural changes for those suffering from post-acute sequelae of COVID-19
Authors: Khatri Yunus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjective: To explore food consumption and subsequent behavioural changes amongst PASC suffers associated with alterations in taste and smell.Design: A qualitative study involving five focus groups.Setting: Birmingham and Leicester, England, United Kingdom.Participants: Forty-seven Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 sufferers.Results: Shifts in taste and odour were very common with disgusting or unpleasant notes being perceived in many foods, including animal products rich in protein. Food consumption patterns varied affecting nutrition status, individuals weight, types of foods consumed, cooking habits, coping mechanisms, anxieties, family and social interactions. Individuals expressed the need to taste something or experience normal tastes and flavour. Low pH foods, highly processed foods which may contain large amounts of refined sugars as well as cold processed food were the preferred items for consumption.Conclusion: Olfactory dysfunction was related to the consumption of nutrients that require moderation and to the quality of life. Intervention at an early stage is necessary in order to help avoid such complications and thus, this work informs medical practitioners and health workers of the variety of food choices that are more acceptable for people suffering from altered tastes and odour perception.
Renewal theory for iterated perturbed random walks on a general branching process tree: intermediate generations
Authors: Bohun Vladyslav , Iksanov Alexander , Marynych Alexander , Rashytov Bohdan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn iterated perturbed random walk is a sequence of point processes defined by the birth times of individuals in subsequent generations of a general branching process provided that the birth times of the first generation individuals are given by a perturbed random walk. We prove counterparts of the classical renewal-theoretic results (the elementary renewal theorem, Blackwell’s theorem, and the key renewal theorem) for the number of jth-generation individuals with birth times
$\leq t$
, when
$j,t\to\infty$
and
$j(t)={\textrm{o}}\big(t^{2/3}\big)$
. According to our terminology, such generations form a subset of the set of intermediate generations.
CONNECTEDNESS IN STRUCTURES ON THE REAL NUMBERS: O-MINIMALITY AND UNDECIDABILITY
Authors: DOLICH ALFRED , MILLER CHRIS , SAVATOVSKY ALEX , THAMRONGTHANYALAK ATHIPAT 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe initiate an investigation of structures on the set of real numbers having the property that path components of definable sets are definable. All o-minimal structures on
$(\mathbb {R},<)$
have the property, as do all expansions of
$(\mathbb {R},+,\cdot ,\mathbb {N})$
. Our main analytic-geometric result is that any such expansion of
$(\mathbb {R},<,+)$
by Boolean combinations of open sets (of any arities) either is o-minimal or defines an isomorph of
$(\mathbb N,+,\cdot )$
. We also show that any given expansion of
$(\mathbb {R}, <, +,\mathbb {N})$
by subsets of
$\mathbb {N}^n$
(n allowed to vary) has the property if and only if it defines all arithmetic sets. Variations arise by considering connected components or quasicomponents instead of path components.
Expensive and Cheap Wine Words Revisited
Authors: Capehart Kevin W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrevious work has quantitatively analyzed expert wine descriptions to identify some so-called “expensive” and “cheap” words that are indicative of a wine's price. This paper revisits that work. In particular, I examine whether words previously identified as expensive and cheap ones are still indicative of a wine's price when using the same methods and a different, larger dataset. My findings mostly confirm previous conclusions, although many directions for further research into expensive and cheap wine words remain open. (JEL Classifications: D83, L66)
The effect of post-auricular canal wall down mastoidectomy on the position of the auricle
Authors: Akgül G , Turgut N F , Özdemir D , Unal A , Özgür A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effect of surgical incision on the auricle position in patients undergoing canal wall down mastoidectomy to treat chronic otitis media.MethodsThirty-four patients who had undergone canal wall down mastoidectomy with a post-auricular incision approach were included in the study. Patients who had a previous auricle deformity, who underwent limited mastoidectomy surgery or mastoid obliteration, or who were younger than 18 years of age were excluded. The distances of the upper and middle parts of the auricle to the mastoid were measured.ResultsMeasurements in the first post-operative year were found to be 13.15 ± 3.59 mm in the upper region and 16.29 ± 5.00 mm in the middle region. It was observed that the auricle was approaching the mastoid area in both regions.ConclusionIn patients undergoing radical mastoidectomy, the distance between the auricle and the mastoid may decrease, leading to narrowing of the auriculo-cephalic angle.
Formation control of multiple wheeled mobile robots based on model predictive control
Authors: Nfaileh Najla , Alipour Khalil , Tarvirdizadeh Bahram , Hadi Alireza 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of formation control for a team of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots considering obstacle avoidance. A new control algorithm based on the model predictive control (MPC) and the nonlinear dynamics of the system is presented here. The control algorithm is applied to the nonlinear system using two different controllers including linear MPC and nonlinear MPC. The virtual structure formation approach and artificial potential field method are employed to determine the reference trajectories of the robots and to solve the problem of obstacle avoidance. A control algorithm consisting of two parts is proposed to track the trajectories and maintain the team’s formation. Two advantages of using MPC techniques are the ability to consider control and state constraints which are of high importance in practical applications. The main contribution of this paper is the design of two robust control systems to disturbance with respect to actuator saturation limits. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control algorithm in trajectory tracking and formation maintenance in the presence of disturbance and actuator limits.
Musical creativity in the teaching practice in Montenegrin and Slovenian primary schools
Authors: Martinović Bogojević Jelena , Rotar Pance Branka 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMusical creativity is represented through the activity of “creation” in the curricula for music education in both Montenegrin and Slovenian primary schools. Starting from the assumption that this activity is insufficiently realised, a survey of the teaching practice of the specialist music teachers in the two countries was conducted (N = 154). The obtained results show that creative musical activities are moderately represented in teaching practice and that Slovenian teachers achieve programme-defined goals related to the activities through which pupils create their own music to a greater extent. The results also indicate the particular circumstances that, in real school conditions, make it difficult to systematically realise this activity within regular music classes.
Prediction of embryo implantation rate using a sole parameter of timing of starting blastulation
Authors: Soukhov Elena , Karavani Gilad , Szaingurten-Solodkin Irit , Alfayumi-Zeadna Samira , Elharar Guy , Richter Dganit , Wainstock Tamar , Zeadna Atif , Levitas Eliahu , Har-Vardi Iris 
Published: February 2022

SummaryA time-lapse monitoring system provides a complete picture of the dynamic embryonic development process and simultaneously supplies extensive morphokinetic data. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of the morphokinetic parameter of time of starting blastulation (tSB) can improve the implantation rate of day-5 transferred blastocyst selected based on morphological parameters. In this retrospective study we analyzed the morphokinetics of 196 day-5 transferred blastocysts, selected solely based on morphological parameters. The interval time from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to time of starting blastocyst formation (tSB) was calculated for each embryo. The overall implantation rate of transferred blastocyst, selected based only on morphological parameters, was 49.2%. Implantation rate, determined retrospectively, was significantly higher (58.8% versus 42.6%, P = 0.02) for embryos with a short interval time to tSB (78–95.9 h) compared with embryos with a longer timeframe (96–114 h). Time of expanded blastocyst (tEB) post-ICSI was also significantly associated with implantation; however, this parameter was not available for all the embryos at time of transfer. When we tested only high ranked KIDScore day-3 sub-group embryos, the implantation rate was significantly higher in short interval time embryos compared with longer interval time embryos (62.2% vs. 45.5%, respectively, P = 0.02).These observations emphasize the importance of the timing of starting blastulation over blastocyst morphological parameters and may provide a preferable criterion for good morphology day-5 blastocyst selection.
Spontaneous thrombus formation in native aortic root in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome: clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes
Authors: Abraham Carol J. , Salkini Anas , Burkhart Harold , Nakamura Yuki , Mir Arshid 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report a neonate who presented with spontaneous thrombus formation in the native aortic root after Norwood palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Thrombus formation led to myocardial ischaemia due to decreased coronary blood flow with electrocardiographic signs of ischaemia and elevated cardiac enzymes. Aggressive thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy were major contributors to successful outcome.