bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Property taxes and rental housing: Evidence from China
Authors: Xiao Chengrui , Zhou Bo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe investigate the effect of property taxes on households’ rental income by exploiting regional variations in the introduction of property taxes in China in 2011. Using the propensity score matching combined with a difference‐in‐differences approach, we find that the rental income of households in pilot areas significantly increased after 2011. Hence, homeowners tend to shift the potential property tax burden to tenants. Additionally, this positive effect is driven by the extensive margin, rather than the intensive margin. Our finding is robust to various alternative specifications and subsample analysis. We then adopt a triple‐difference model to show that the effect varies considerably across households that own residential premises in different regions and with different property characteristics.
Legend of the locked doors: The sexualization of archaeological site workers in the Middle East
Authors: Mickel Allison 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSexual violence in fieldwork contexts is an urgent and pervasive problem. In archaeology, much discussion is currently ongoing regarding how to change fieldwork policies and climate in order to end sexual violence in the field. In this context, I examine a legend that circulates among the Bedul Bedouin community in Petra about an American archaeologist who locked women students inside their bedroom at night in order to protect them from endangering themselves by going out at night. While I cannot corroborate the story with former students on the project, studying the contemporary life of this legend can teach us about the confrontations of race, gender, and sexuality that occur on archaeological sites in the Middle East and elsewhere. Examined in the context of research on Muslim masculinities and the myth of Arab men's hypersexuality, I use this legend to argue that our approaches to ending sexual violence in archaeology and other fieldwork disciplines should avoid reifying Orientalist and racial stereotypes if these approaches are going to be effective in making our fields safer.
Pathways from developmental vulnerabilities in early childhood to schizotypy in middle childhood
Authors: O'Hare Kirstie , Watkeys Oliver , Badcock Johanna C. , Laurens Kristin R. , Tzoumakis Stacy , Dean Kimberlie , Harris Felicity , Carr Vaughan J. , Green Melissa J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesChildhood disturbances in social, emotional, language, motor and cognitive functioning, and schizotypy have each been implicated as precursors of schizophrenia‐spectrum disorders. We investigated whether relationships between early childhood developmental vulnerabilities and childhood schizotypy are mediated by educational underachievement in middle childhood.MethodsParticipants were members of a large Australian (n = 19,216) population cohort followed longitudinally. Path analyses were used to model relationships between developmental vulnerabilities at age ~5 years, educational underachievement from ages ~8 to 10 years and three distinct profiles of schizotypy at age ~11 years (true, introverted and affective schizotypy).ResultsEarly childhood developmental vulnerabilities on five broad domains (related to physical, emotional, social, cognitive and communication development) were associated with schizotypy profiles in middle childhood. Educational underachievement in middle childhood was associated with all schizotypy profiles, but most strongly with the true schizotypy profile (OR = 3.92, 95% CI = 3.12, 4.91). The relationships between schizotypy profiles and early childhood developmental vulnerabilities in ‘language and cognitive skills (school‐based)’ and ‘communication skills and general knowledge’ domains were fully mediated by educational underachievement in middle childhood, and the relationships with early childhood ‘physical health and well‐being’ and ‘emotional maturity’ domains were partially mediated.ConclusionDevelopmental continuity from early childhood developmental vulnerabilities to schizotypy in middle childhood is mediated by educational underachievement in middle childhood. While some domains of early developmental functioning showed differential relationships with distinct schizotypy profiles, these findings support a developmental pathway to schizotypy in which cognitive vulnerability operates from early childhood through to middle childhood.
How photos can affect children's perception of animal welfare: A study involving pupils from Portugal and Spain
Authors: Almeida António , Sumozas Rafael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to identify perceptions of animal welfare in pupils from Portugal and Spain. Two versions of a questionnaire were designed. Each included one of a pair of photos for the same context, three out of six, intended to generate a positive perception of animal welfare. The results were similar in both countries and by sex, supporting the idea that the framing of photos can manipulate the children's perception of animal welfare. The importance of the development of visual literacy in children, as a way to better interpret the implicit and explicit messages proposed by photos, is recommended.
Underground ibogaine use for the treatment of substance use disorders: A qualitative analysis of subjective experiences
Authors: Rodríguez‐Cano Borja J. , Kohek Maja , Ona Genís , Alcázar‐Córcoles Miguel Ángel , dos Santos Rafael G. , Hallak Jaime E. C. , Bouso José Carlos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionIbogaine is one of the alkaloids naturally found in plants such as Tabernanthe iboga, which has been traditionally used by members of the Bwiti culture. Since the discovery of its anti‐addictive properties by Howard S. Lotsof in 1962, ibogaine has been used experimentally to treat substance use disorders (SUD), especially those involving opioids. We aim to provide a detailed understanding of the underlying psychological aspects of underground ibogaine use for the treatment of SUD.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were carried out with 13 participants with SUD, which motivated their self‐treatment with ibogaine. The data were analysed using the grounded theory approach and considered the context of the treatment, and the nature of the occurring hallucinogenic and cognitive phenomena during the treatment experience.ResultsWe identified several psychological effects that the study respondents experienced, which seem to play a substantial role in the therapeutic process concerning SUD. The evoking of interpersonal and transpersonal experiences, autobiographical memories, and preparation, integration and motivation for a lifestyle change are important components that participants reported during and after ibogaine intake.Discussion and ConclusionIbogaine is increasingly being used for the treatment of SUD, due in part to the limited treatment options currently available. Its beneficial effects seem to be related not only to its complex pharmacology but also to the subjective experience that ibogaine induces. The main aspects of this experience are related to autobiographical memories and valuable personal insights, which together appear to help individuals cope with their SUD.
“Her bun in my oven”: Motivations and experiences of two‐mother families who have used reciprocal IVF
Authors: Shaw Kate , Bower‐Brown Susie , McConnachie Anja , Jadva Vasanti , Ahuja Kamal , Macklon Nick , Golombok Susan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesWhat motivates same‐gender female couples to choose reciprocal in vitro fertilization (IVF)? Do their experiences of becoming and being a mother via reciprocal IVF match their pre‐parenthood expectations?BackgroundReciprocal IVF is a treatment route available to cis, same‐gender female couples, and other couples in which both partners have a uterus and egg stores. One partner's egg is retrieved, fertilized in vitro with donor sperm, then carried by the other partner. Existing debate has considered the ethical implications of this treatment route. To date, no empirical research has explored the experiences of families who have used reciprocal IVF.MethodSemistructured interviews were conducted with genetic and gestational mothers in 14 families headed by cis, same gender female couples who had conceived by reciprocal IVF in the United Kingdom (N = 28 mothers). Data were analyzed according to the principles of reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsFour themes were constructed: (a) becoming mums together; (b) legitimacy: “who's the real mum”; (c) choices and constraints; and (d) biological connections strengthen family connections.ConclusionFamilies had multiple and nuanced motivations for choosing reciprocal IVF, such as the desire to share the journey of motherhood with their partner, to be perceived as legitimate parents, to overcome practical barriers, and to build strong family relationships. Mothers' pre‐parenthood expectations often mismatched the reality of becoming and being a mother via reciprocal IVF. Most parents found that the significance of reciprocal IVF diminished as their children grew up.ImplicationsFindings demonstrate that reciprocal IVF offers a fulfilling route to parenthood. Parents should have access to routes to parenthood that meet their reproductive needs and feel right for them as a couple.
Role of stress on creep behaviors for MarM247LC DS superalloy
Authors: Gao Zhenhuan , Sun Yuhui , Liu Nan , Wang Xitao , He Jinshan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRole of stress on creep behaviors of MarM247LC directional‐solidified superalloy was investigated at 900°C under different stresses. With reduced stress from 400 MPa to 230 MPa, the creep life has increased by a factor of 24, from 54 h to 1351 h. Apart from that, the deformation mechanism, creep curves, and fracture behavior of the alloy also presented strong dependence on stress. It found that the main deformation mechanism was the precipitate shearing by a/2<110> dislocations under 400 MPa. In contrast, dislocations bypassing γ′ by a glide‐climb process dominated the steady‐state creep under 230 MPa. Moreover, the degradation of γ/γ′ microstructure and formation of creep pores have accelerated the onset of tertiary creep and resulted in more ductile fracture modes at low stress regime.
Accounting for employee flows
Authors: Christoffersen Jeppe , Plenborg Thomas , Seitz Morten Nicklas Bigler 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper examines employee flows and the association with firm earnings and interest rates. We use administrative employer–employee matched panel data from Denmark spanning 17 years and hence exploit actual data on employee arrivals (labor inflows) and departures (labor outflows). Three main findings emerge. First, we condition by firms’ economic conditions. Departures predict earnings increases for prior‐year loss firms, while they predict earnings decreases for prior‐year profit firms, suggesting that this conditioning can help explain the mixed results in the literature. Arrivals predict earnings increases, though only for prior‐year profit firms. These effects are stronger for high‐paid employees than for low‐paid ones. Second, the effects of departures are generally larger than the effects of arrivals, consistent with departures disrupting operations. Third, we find that lenders price employee flow information but only for departures of high‐paid employees, despite the predictive ability of the flow of other employees for future earnings. Overall our results suggest that employee flows predict firm financial performance but are only partially priced by lenders.
Street and drug use experiences among sheltered children and adolescents in the Federal District of Brazil
Authors: Gomes Nadja Maryelly de Oliveira , Caldas Eloisa Dutra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProblemThe use of drugs by street children and adolescents is a problem found in most large cities around the world.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study of street children and adolescents living in shelters in the Federal District, Brazil. An objective questionnaire was applied to 84 individuals from September 2016 to October 2017; 14 of them participated in the qualitative study.FindingsMost participants were adolescents (84.5%) and males (64.3%), with a history of abandonment, domestic violence, and family drug abuse. All spent some time on the street; boys had a higher chance of being behind the school level and using drugs than girls. Over 60% had used drugs in the previous year, mainly alcohol and marijuana. Over 70% understand the health consequences of this behavior, but most have never tried or failed to stop. About 40% consider themselves dependent on drugs.ConclusionsThe results showed that street‐life experience, peer pressure, and exposure to drugs within the family had an important impact on respondent's drug use behavior, reinforcing the importance of education programs that focus on the family.
Forced Identity Performances, Self‐Identification, the Material, and Ballotee Bevin Boys in WWII UK 1943‐1948: ‘An Experience I Would Not Have Had, or Chosen’
Authors: Thompson Scott 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis manuscript examines the relationship between forced, or required, identity performances, self‐identification, and the material. It tests core premises of identity formation within the performativity literature against the lived experiences of ‘Ballotee Bevin Boys’ ‐ coal mining conscripts managed under the UK's WWII National Registration and Ministry of Labour and National Service program. Data were drawn from fifty‐eight personal accounts of Ballotee Bevin Boys and analyzed to identify core themes around identity and performance by means of a narrative analysis. Multiple regression analyses then found that the quantity of i) narrative statements of self‐identification as a Bevin Boy, and ii) narrative statements of the material, could be predicted based on the prevalence of narratives of institutionally forced performances, and individual performances of resistance. These results support the claim that performances required of Ballotee Bevin Boys did sediment into their understandings of self, regardless of their individual intention or desire to be a Bevin Boy – even in cases of active resistance against this externally applied category. These findings support a theorization of identity formation and the material which decenters the role of the intention of the performing individual, instead, placing greater emphasis on institutional categories and their enforcement.
Parent–adult child estrangement in the United States by gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality
Authors: Reczek Rin , Stacey Lawrence , Thomeer Mieke Beth 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo provide nationally representative estimates of parent–adult child estrangement.BackgroundPopulation‐level research on parent–adult child estrangement is needed to understand the full range of family dynamics in the U.S.MethodsWe estimate logistic regression models using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and accompanying Child and Young Adult supplement to determine estimates of estrangement (and subsequent unestrangement) from mothers (N = 8495) and fathers (N = 8119) by children's gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality. We then estimate hazards of first estrangement from mothers (N = 7919) and fathers (N = 6410), adjusting for adult child's and parents' social and economic characteristics.ResultsSix percent of respondents report a period of estrangement from mothers, with an average age of first maternal estrangement of 26 years old; 26% of respondents report estrangement from fathers, with an average age of first paternal estrangement of 23 years old. Results further show heterogeneity by gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality; for example, daughters are less likely to be estranged from their mothers than are sons, Black adult children are less likely than White adult children to be estranged from their mothers but more likely to be estranged from fathers, and gay, lesbian, and bisexual adult children are more likely than heterosexuals to be estranged from fathers. The majority of estranged adult children become unestranged from mothers (81%) and fathers (69%) in subsequent waves.ConclusionThis study provides compelling new evidence on an overlooked aspect of intergenerational relationships, concluding with insight into the structural forces that may unequally contribute to estrangement patterns.
Effect of face masks on salivary parameters and halitosis: Randomized controlled crossover trial
Authors: Kanzow Philipp , Rammert Lea‐Sophie , Rohland Bianca , Barke Sarah , Placzek Marius , Wiegand Annette 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundFace masking is associated with self‐perceived dry mouth and halitosis. Aim of the study was to measure the effect of different face masks on salivary parameters and halitosis.MethodsThe randomized controlled crossover clinical trial with four periods included 40 oral healthy participants using different face masks (cloth mask, surgical mask, filtering facepiece 2 [FFP2] mask) or no mask (control) for 4 h in random order. Unstimulated salivary flow rate (primary outcome) and stimulated salivary flow rate, salivary pH and buffer capacity of stimulated and unstimulated saliva (secondary outcomes, blinded), and volatile sulfur compounds (secondary outcome) were measured before and after the 4‐h periods. Statistical analysis was performed by repeated measures ANOVA (p < 0.05).ResultsOf 40 randomized participants, 39 completed the study. Unstimulated salivary flow rate prior to face masking amounted to 0.6 ± 0.3 ml/min. Face masking had no significant effect on unstimulated salivary flow (p = 0.550). Face masking had also no significant effect on the other salivary parameters (p ≥ 0.518). The concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) prior to face masking amounted to 157.3 ± 59.7 ppb. After face masking, the concentration of VSC increased slightly, but not significantly (p = 0.055): 168.1 ± 76.3 ppb (control), 199.3 ± 132.7 ppb (cloth masks), 188.5 ± 101.1 ppb (surgical masks), and 189.7 ± 90.1 ppb (FFP2 masks).ConclusionFour hours of face masking did not change the salivary flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity, and had no significant effect on VSC's levels. Wearing face masks does not seem to result in measurable side‐effects on salivary parameters such as a reduced salivary flow rate or VSC's levels.Clinical trial registration: The protocol was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04914208) on June 4, 2021.
Community sociodemographics and rural hospital survival
Authors: Rhoades Claudia A. , Whitacre Brian E. , Davis Alison F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether community sociodemographic factors are associated with the survival or closure of rural hospitals at risk of financial distress between 2010 and 2019.MethodsWe use a national sample of 985 rural hospitals at risk of financial distress to analyze the relationship between community sociodemographic characteristics and hospital survival or closure. We control for financial distress using the Financial Distress Index developed by the Sheps Center for Health Services Research. Community characteristics are retrieved from the Census and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. We first use Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests to demonstrate annual sociodemographic differences between rural communities with financially distressed hospitals that closed between 2010 and 2019, and those that remained open. Multilevel Weibull proportional hazards regressions then uncover which sociodemographic factors are significantly associated with survival.FindingsOur initial results confirm that closures of rural hospitals at risk of financial distress disproportionately affect communities with certain sociodemographic characteristics. However, most of these characteristics are not associated with higher rates of closure in the multivariate survival analysis. The final results suggest that financially distressed hospitals are more likely to experience closure if their communities have higher rates of unemployment (Hazard Ratio = 1.36, P < .05) or uninsured residents under 65 (Hazard Ratio = 1.13, P < .05).ConclusionsAmong financially distressed rural hospitals, specific community‐level sociodemographic characteristics (unemployment and uninsurance rates) are positively associated with the likelihood of closure. Social policies addressing these issues should emphasize their broader relationship with the local health sector.
Sapling root ecological stoichiometric characteristics of dominant species in three forests in Yunnan, China, and their relationship with soil physicochemical factors
Authors: Tu Jing , Li Zhongfei , Xu Yutao , Sun Jing , Zhao Xiaopeng , Huang Zhendong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQuestionThis study aimed to explore the nutrient‐cycling patterns, supply mechanisms and limiting characteristics of elements in saplings of tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems.LocationTropical seasonal rainforests, tropical montane rainforests and mid‐montane moist evergreen broad‐leaved forests in Yunnan, China.MethodsWe sampled sapling roots from 21 vascular plant species that are dominant in the upper and lower canopies of three forest types. We assessed stoichiometric contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and investigated their relationships with soil nutrients.ResultsThe C content ranged from 449.67 to 483.00 mg/g in the roots of the dominant species, the N content ranged from 1.98 to 9.67 mg/g and the P content ranged from 0.32 to 0.53 mg/g. The C:N ratio was highest in the tropical seasonal rainforest, whereas the C:P and N:P ratios were highest in the tropical montane rainforest. The root average C:N and C:P ratios were higher than Chinese plant averages, which indicated that the forest ecosystems in southern Yunnan had higher absorption and utilization efficiency of C. The average N:P ratio was >12 and <14, which indicated that plant root growth was restricted by N and P availability. In the saplings of upper canopy species, the C:N ratio was higher, the C:P ratio was similar and N:P ratio was lower compared with those of lower canopy species. The N:P ratio in the upper canopy was <12, whereas that in the lower canopy was >14, which indicated that growth in the upper canopy was mainly N‐limited and growth in the lower canopy was mainly P‐limited. Nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency in the upper canopy was slightly higher than in the lower canopy.ConclusionsThe sapling roots of the dominant species in Yunnan had the characteristics of high C:N, high C:P and low N:P, and the growth and development of plants is mainly restricted by N and P availability. The C, N and P contents and their stoichiometric characteristics in roots were affected mainly by the soil P content. This study provides a scientific basis for further revealing the ecological strategies of plants in response to changes in the external environment.