bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial ectosymbionts in cuticular organs chemically protect a beetle during molting stages
Authors: Janke Rebekka S , Kaftan Filip , Niehs Sarah P , Scherlach Kirstin , Rodrigues Andre , Svatoš Aleš , Hertweck Christian , Kaltenpoth Martin , Flórez Laura V 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In invertebrates, the cuticle is the first and major protective barrier against predators and pathogen infections. While immune responses and behavioral defenses are also known to be important for insect protection, the potential of cuticle-associated microbial symbionts to aid in preventing pathogen entry during molting and throughout larval development remains unexplored. Here, we show that bacterial symbionts of the beetle Lagria villosa inhabit unusual dorsal invaginations of the insect cuticle, which remain open to the outer surface and persist throughout larval development. This specialized location enables the release of several symbiont cells and the associated protective compounds during molting. This facilitates ectosymbiont maintenance and extended defense during larval development against antagonistic fungi. One Burkholderia strain, which produces the antifungal compound lagriamide, dominates the community across all life stages, and removal of the community significantly impairs the survival probability of young larvae when exposed to different pathogenic fungi. We localize both the dominant bacterial strain and lagriamide on the surface of eggs, larvae, pupae, and on the inner surface of the molted cuticle (exuvia), supporting extended protection. These results highlight adaptations for effective defense of immature insects by cuticle-associated ectosymbionts, a potentially key advantage for a ground-dwelling insect when confronting pathogenic microbes.
Generation of multipartite entanglement between spin-1 particles with bifurcation-based quantum annealing
Authors: Matsuzaki Yuichiro , Imoto Takashi , Susa Yuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractQuantum annealing is a way to solve a combinational optimization problem where quantum fluctuation is induced by transverse fields. Recently, a bifurcation-based quantum annealing with spin-1 particles was suggested as another mechanism to implement the quantum annealing. In the bifurcation-based quantum annealing, each spin is initially prepared in $$|0\rangle$$

|
0
⟩

, let this state evolve by a time-dependent Hamiltonian in an adiabatic way, and we find a state spanned by $$|\pm 1\rangle$$

|
±
1
⟩

at the end of the evolution. Here, we propose a scheme to generate multipartite entanglement, namely GHZ states, between spin-1 particles by using the bifurcation-based quantum annealing. We gradually decrease the detuning of the spin-1 particles while we adiabatically change the amplitude of the external driving fields. Due to the dipole-dipole interactions between the spin-1 particles, we can prepare the GHZ state after performing this protocol. We discuss possible implementations of our scheme by using nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond.
Experimental evidence of effective human–AI collaboration in medical decision-making
Authors: Reverberi Carlo , Rigon Tommaso , Solari Aldo , Hassan Cesare , Cherubini Paolo ,   GI Genius CADx Study Group, Antonelli Giulio , Awadie Halim , Bernhofer Sebastian , Carballal Sabela , Dinis-Ribeiro Mário , Fernández-Clotett Agnès , Esparrach Glòria Fernández , Gralnek Ian , Higasa Yuta , Hirabayashi Taku , Hirai Tatsuki , Iwatate Mineo , Kawano Miki , Mader Markus , Maieron Andreas , Mattes Sebastian , Nakai Tastuya , Ordas Ingrid , Ortigão Raquel , Zúñiga Oswaldo Ortiz , Pellisé Maria , Pinto Cláudia , Riedl Florian , Sánchez Ariadna , Steiner Emanuel , Tanaka Yukari , Cherubini Andrea 
Published: September 2022

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (ai) systems are precious support for decision-making, with many applications also in the medical domain. The interaction betweenmds andaienjoys a renewed interest following the increased possibilities of deep learning devices. However, we still have limited evidence-based knowledge of the context, design, and psychological mechanisms that craft an optimal human–aicollaboration. In this multicentric study, 21 endoscopists reviewed 504 videos of lesions prospectively acquired from real colonoscopies. They were asked to provide an optical diagnosis with and without the assistance of anaisupport system. Endoscopists were influenced byai($$\textsc {or}=3.05$$OR=3.05), but not erratically: they followed theaiadvice more when it was correct ($$\textsc {or}=3.48$$OR=3.48) than incorrect ($$\textsc {or}=1.85$$OR=1.85). Endoscopists achieved this outcome through a weighted integration of their and theaiopinions, considering the case-by-case estimations of the two reliabilities. This Bayesian-like rational behavior allowed the human–aihybrid team to outperform both agents taken alone. We discuss the features of the human–aiinteraction that determined this favorable outcome.
Low quality antibody responses in critically ill patients hospitalized with pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection
Authors: Lu Xiuhua , Guo Zhu , Li Zhu-Nan , Holiday Crystal , Liu Feng , Jefferson Stacie , Gross F. Liaini , Tzeng Wen-Ping , Kumar Anand , York Ian A. , Uyeki Timothy M. , Tumpey Terrence , Stevens James , Levine Min Z. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough some adults infected with influenza 2009 A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses mounted high hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody response, they still suffered from severe disease, or even death. Here, we analyzed antibody profiles in patients (n = 31, 17–65 years) admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) with lung failure and invasive mechanical ventilation use due to infection with A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses during 2009–2011. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the quality and quantity of antibody responses using HAI, virus neutralization, biolayer interferometry, enzyme-linked-lectin and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. At time of the ICU admission, 45% (14/31) of the patients had HAI antibody titers ≥ 80 in the first serum (S1), most (13/14) exhibited narrowly-focused HAI and/or anti-HA-head binding antibodies targeting single epitopes in or around the receptor binding site. In contrast, 42% (13/31) of the patients with HAI titers ≤ 10 in S1 had non-neutralizing anti-HA-stem antibodies against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Only 19% (6/31) of the patients showed HA-specific IgG1-dominant antibody responses. Three of 5 fatal patients possessed highly focused cross-type HAI antibodies targeting the (K130 + Q223)-epitopes with extremely low avidity. Our findings suggest that narrowly-focused low-quality antibody responses targeting specific HA-epitopes may have contributed to severe infection of the lower respiratory tract.
Description of a new species of Tardigrada Hypsibius nivalis sp. nov. and new phylogenetic line in Hypsibiidae from snow ecosystem in Japan
Authors: Ono Masato , Takeuchi Nozomu , Zawierucha Krzysztof 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSnow ecosystems are an important component of polar and mountainous regions, influencing water regime, biogeochemical cycles and supporting snow specific taxa. Although snow is considered to be one of the most unique, and at the same time a disappearing habitat, knowledge of its taxonomic diversity is still limited. It is true especially for micrometazoans appearing in snow algae blooming areas. In this study, we used morphological and molecular approaches to identify two tardigrade species found in green snow patches of Mt. Gassan in Japan. By morphology, light (PCM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and morphometry we describedHypsibiusnivalissp. nov. which differs from other similar species by granular, polygonal sculpture on the dorsal cuticle and by the presence of cuticular bars next to the internal claws. Additionally, phylogenetic multilocus (COI, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA) analysis of the second taxon,Hypsibiussp. identified by morphology asconvergens-pallidusgroup, showed its affinity to the Hypsibiidae family and it is placed as a sister clade to all species in the Hypsibiinae subfamily. Our study shows that microinvertebrates associated with snow are poorly known and the assumption that snow might be inhabited by snow-requiring tardigrade taxa cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, our study contributes to the understanding subfamily Hypsibiinae showing that on its own the morphology of specimens belonging toconvergens-pallidusgroup is insufficient in establishing a true systematic position of specimens.
SICA-mediated cytoadhesion of Plasmodium knowlesi-infected red blood cells to human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Chuang Huai , Sakaguchi Miako , Lucky Amuza Byaruhanga , Yamagishi Junya , Katakai Yuko , Kawai Satoru , Kaneko Osamu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractZoonotic malaria due to Plasmodium knowlesi infection in Southeast Asia is sometimes life-threatening. Post-mortem examination of human knowlesi malaria cases showed sequestration of P. knowlesi-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) in blood vessels, which has been proposed to be linked to disease severity. This sequestration is likely mediated by the cytoadhesion of parasite-iRBCs to vascular endothelial cells; however, the responsible parasite ligands remain undetermined. This study selected P. knowlesi lines with increased iRBC cytoadhesion activity by repeated panning against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Transcriptome analysis revealed that the transcript level of one gene, encoding a Schizont Infected Cell Agglutination (SICA) protein, herein termed SICA-HUVEC, was more than 100-fold increased after the panning. Transcripts of other P. knowlesi proteins were also significantly increased, such as PIR proteins exported to the iRBC cytosol, suggesting their potential role in increasing cytoadhesion activity. Transgenic P. knowlesi parasites expressing Myc-fused SICA-HUVEC increased cytoadhesion activity following infection of monkey as well as human RBCs, confirming that SICA-HUVEC conveys activity to bind to HUVECs.
Heavy metals in lake surface sediments in protected areas in Poland: concentration, pollution, ecological risk, sources and spatial distribution
Authors: Sojka Mariusz , Jaskuła Joanna , Barabach Jan , Ptak Mariusz , Zhu Senlin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the state and spatial distribution of surface sediment contamination of 77 lakes in Poland by Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu. The analyzed lakes were located within a network of nature protection areas in the territory of the European Union (EU). Spatial distribution of the heavy metals (HMs), factors favoring the delivery/accumulation of HMs in surface sediments, and pollution sources were analyzed. The results indicate the contamination of lake sediments by HMs, but the potentially toxic effects of HMs are only found in single lakes. The spatial distribution of Cr indicates predominant impacts of point sources, while for Pb, Ni, and Zn, the impact of non-point sources. The analysis showed the presence of areas with very high values of particular HMs (hot spots) in the western part of Poland, while a group of 5 lakes with very low values of Ni, Pb, and Zn (cold spots) was identified in the central part of Poland. Principal component analysis showed that presence of wetlands is a factor limiting HMs inflow to lakes. Also, lower HMs concentrations were found in lake surface sediments located in catchments with a higher proportion of national parks and nature reserves. Higher HMs concentrations were found in lakes with a high proportion of Special Protection Areas designated under the EU Birds Directive. The positive matrix factorization analysis identified four sources of HMs. High values of HMs concentrations indicate their delivery from industrial, urbanized, and agricultural areas. However, these impacts overlap, which disturbs the characteristic quantitative profiles assigned to these pollution sources.
The role of structural parameters on efficiency and transparency of semi-transparent non-fullerene organic solar cell
Authors: Milani Elmira Annabi , Piralaee Mina , Ahmadi Sohrab , Asgari Asghar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSemitransparent organic solar cells have become attractive recently because of their photon harvesting in the near-infrared and ultraviolet range and passing in the visible light region. Semitransparent organic solar cells with ITO/ZnO/PBDB-T:ITIC/MoO3/Ag/MoO3 structure have been studied in this work and the effects of PBDB-T:ITIC active layer thicknesses and the transparent top electrode, MoO3/Ag/MoO3, thickness on the solar cell performance such as I-V characteristics, the power conversion efficiency, the average visible transmittance, and the color coordinates in the CIE color space are investigated. The drift–diffusion model, including the density of exactions, and their displacement is used to model the devices. The model is examined with experimentally reported devices, where there is a very good agreement between them, then is applied to the new structures. The obtained results show that the average visible transmittance of more than 45% is achievable for these structures with reasonable power conversion efficiency.
Die Komplexität der SARS-CoV-2-Infektion im klinischen Alltag
der Geburtshilfe – Auseinandersetzung anhand eines
Fallbeispiels
Authors: Möginger Michaela , Mand Nadine , Schoner Katharina , Seipelt Maria , Schulze Maximilian , Köhler Siegmund , Axt-Fliedner Roland , Keil Corinna Nora 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungSeit Beginn der Pandemie dominiert die SARS-CoV-2-Infektion den klinischen
Alltag. In der Behandlung von Hochrisikopopulationen bestand lange Unklarheit
über das Ausmaß und die Konsequenzen der Infektion. Zu diesem
Risikokollektiv gehört auch die schwangere Patientin. Die Etablierung
von klinischen Registerstudien konnte innerhalb kürzester Zeit und unter
enormer Anstrengung zu einer Einschätzung der pandemischen Lage
für dieses Kollektiv beitragen. Anhand eines klinischen Falls wird im
folgenden Bericht die Assoziation zwischen SARS-CoV-2-Infektion einer
schwangeren Patientin mit klinischen Zeichen der Präeklampsie bis hin
zur Ausbildung eines posterioren reversiblen Enzephalopathiesyndroms (PRES)
beschrieben. Anhand des Falles wird die differentialdiagnostische
Abklärung zwischen fulminanten Verlauf der Infektion und
Präeklampsie dargelegt. Der Artikel stellt die aktuelle Datenlage zum
Auftreten eines PRES in der Schwangerschaft im Zusammenhang mit einer
SARS-CoV-2-Infektion dar und setzt sich mit möglichen
Differentialdiagnosen auseinander. Durch die interdisziplinäre Betreuung
der Patientin kann eine Übersicht zu den Aspekten des jeweiligen
Fachgebietes dargelegt werden.
Both Medialization and Anteromedialization Tibial Tubercle Osteotomies are Effective Surgical Management for Skeletally Mature Patients with Patellofemoral Instability when Combined with Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Tan Si Heng Sharon , Aw Angeline Ai Ling , Goh Xin Chun Amelia , Tan Luke Yi Hao , Lim Andrew Kean Seng , Hui James Hoipo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to compare the midterm outcomes of medialization and anteromedialization tibial tubercle osteotomies when used in the management of recurrent patellofemoral instability. The hypothesis is that both techniques would result in significant improvement for patellofemoral instability, but anteromedialization would result in a lower incidence of early osteoarthritis. In the cohort study, all skeletally mature patients aged 18 years old or younger who underwent tibial tubercle osteotomy for recurrent patellofemoral instability within a 10-year period in a single institution were included. All patients underwent either medialization or anteromedialization tibial tubercle osteotomy. The preoperative and postoperative outcomes of the tibial tubercle osteotomies were compared. All patients included in the study had a minimum of 5-year follow-up duration before the conclusion of the study. There was no statistically significant difference in the rates of preoperative and postoperative patellofemoral dislocation when either technique was employed (p = 0.999). Additionally, both the preoperative and postoperative Kujala scores were similar (p = 0.166 and p = 0.554, respectively). The knees did not have a statistically significant difference in their patellar tilt angles and tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distances preoperatively or postoperatively when either technique was used (p = 0.165 and 0.149, respectively). There was also no incidence of osteoarthritis identified in either of the groups (p = 0.999). Both anteriorization and anteromedialization tibial tubercle osteotomies were effective surgical management for patellofemoral instability when combined with medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction. There were no significant differences in clinical, functional, and radiological outcomes when either medialization or anteromedialization tibial tubercle osteotomy was performed.
Creating innovation capabilities for improving global health: Inventing technology for neglected tropical diseases in Brazil
Authors: Perez-Aleman Paola , Ferretti Tommaso 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrevious research on innovation capabilities in emerging economies shows knowledge networks tied to Western multinationals and national governments focused on economic growth. Less understood is the innovation capability building of emerging economies to achieve ‘good health’, an important Sustainable Development Goal. Here, we present a longitudinal study of a public research organization in an emerging economy and examine how it builds innovation capabilities for creating vaccines, drugs, and diagnostics for diseases primarily affecting the poor. We study FIOCRUZ in Brazil using archival, patent, and interview data about invention of technologies for neglected tropical diseases. We contribute novel insights into the evolution of knowledge networks, as national policy integrates innovation and health goals. We found significant diversification of local and foreign knowledge sources, and substantial creation of networks with public, private, and non-governmental organizations enabling collective invention. These R&D networks attract many multinationals to collaborate on socially driven innovation projects previously non-existent in their portfolios. The public research organization leads collaborations with multinationals and diverse partners, harnessing distributed international knowledge. Our results indicate emerging economies’ capabilities depend on elevating policies to increase health access for the poor to drive innovation and promoting local R&D to generate solutions to improve health.
Preparation of solenoid probe for Eddy Current Testing technique probe
Authors: Adlina Harun Syafiqa Putri , Sulaiman Fauziah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The most crucial components in the system of eddy currents are the sensitivity of the probe to deliver a signal to detect a defect on the material efficiently. When the turns are closely spaced and the length is substantially more than the radius of the turns, the solenoid is perfect. This paper presents a development of a solenoid probe for the eddy current testing (ECT) technique probe to detect defects. The objectives of this research are to design and construct a high sensitivity rod-shaped solenoid probe, to find the optimal frequency for each metal testing (i.e., Copper (Cu), Aluminium (Al), and Stainless Steel) for this solenoid probe, and to obtain the output testing signals defects with vary of thickness (i.e., 1.5 mm, 3.0mm, and 5.0 mm). In addition, a hole of an artificial defect (i.e., 7.0 mm, 14.0 mm, 21.0 mm) has been drilled on each of the metal testings. This rod-shaped solenoid coil was designed with an iron core with 65 mm length, 5 mm area, and 200 turns. It demonstrates how the rod-shaped solenoid coil may be used to detect various flaws in copper (Cu), aluminium (Al), and stainless steel. The optimal frequencies for copper were 7.850 MHz, Aluminium was 7.383 MHz, and Stainless-Steel metal was 7.956 MHz.
Structure management scheme of flying ad-hoc networks (FANET): A dynamic weight values weighted clustering algorithm
Authors: Wang XiangYu , Zhang YanYu , Liu ZhengYang , Long Li , Jian ChunXiao , Cui WeiJia , Shi FengYuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To resolve the problem of structure management in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) formation, a dynamic weight values weighted clustering algorithm(DWVWCA) is proposed in this article, in which the cluster scheme for network optimization is used. Firstly, the residual energy model is improved to be more realistic. Secondly, the combined weighting method is introduced to make the comprehensive weight value of the UAV subjective and objective. Finally, the dynamic weight threshold is introduced to calculate the comprehensive weight value in real-time. The simulation results show that DWVWCA can effectively improve the objectivity of cluster head election, extend the UAV formation survival cycle, balance the network structure, reduce the number of cluster reorganization and fusion, and enhance the network stability.
The influence of hydrogen supplement on driving range of fuel cell vehicle
Authors: Nie Zhenyu , Song Yu , Guo Ting , Wang Zhijun , Wang Guozhuo , Wu Shiyu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems, fuel cell vehicle (FCV) has the advantages of high energy efficiency and zero emission, which has become the development direction of the automotive industry in the future, and the driving range of FCV is one of the key factors affecting its commercialization. In the existing FCV driving range test method, the Hydrogen tank needs to be hydrogenated, cooled and supplemented before measurement. Through an example analysis, if the hydrogen supplement operation is not carried out, the driving range will be reduced to 91.15%. Through the test and result analysis, this paper discusses the influence of hydrogen replenishment operation on FCV mileage, so as to provide guidance for fuel cell vehicle users.
Autonomous vehicle navigation using high-definition maps through CARLA-ROS simulator bridge
Authors: Fatima H. Sundus , Abbas Ammar N. , Bawany Faraz , Zia Huma , Yusuf Syed Adnan , Khurram Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Autonomous vehicles (AV) have garnered significant interest in recent years due to its potential for controlling thousands of accidents that happen yearly due to human error. However, AV bring with it very complex and sophisticated requirements and challenges related to extensive testing of the algorithms and hardware in the physical world. The evolution of automotive simulation tools provides an opportunity to fully test and validate AV architectures without the risk of creating hazardous situations in real world. This research demonstrates the application of HD (High Definition) maps in autonomous vehicle navigation using ROS interface integrated with the CARLA (CAR Learning to Act) simulator. The sensor data includes Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), RGB-Depth (RGB-D), and vehicle odometry. HD maps play an important role in robustness of the autonomous systems where due to sensor obstruction or weather conditions the vehicle is unable to perceive the information ahead. It also aids the vehicle to sense its environment even outside from the sensor’s field of view. The research is divided into the three fundamental concepts of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) approach that is, (i) mapping, (ii) localization, and (iii) navigation. Two ROS tools are used for mapping, (a) OctoMap mapping, and (ii) Real-Time Appearance-Based Mapping (RTAB-Map). We demonstrate the effectiveness of localization using RTAB-Map and compare actual path, position and orientation to their estimated equivalents. Our results show acceptable error in XY axes and exemplifies the error accumulated in Z axis.