bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in trait covariance along an orographic moisture gradient reveal the relative importance of light‐ and moisture‐driven trade‐offs in subtropical rainforest communities
Authors: Brown Alison , Butler Donald W. , Radford‐Smith Julian , Dwyer John M. 
Published: August 2022

Summary

A range of functional trait‐based approaches have been developed to investigate community assembly processes, but most ignore how traits covary within communities.

We combined existing approaches – community‐weighted means (CWMs) and functional dispersion (FDis) – with a metric of trait covariance to examine assembly processes in five angiosperm assemblages along a moisture gradient in Australia's subtropics. In addition to testing hypotheses about habitat filtering along the gradient, we hypothesized that trait covariance would be strongest at both ends of the moisture gradient and weakest in the middle, reflecting trade‐offs associated with light capture in productive sites and moisture stress in dry sites.

CWMs revealed evidence of climatic filtering, but FDis patterns were less clear. As hypothesized, trait covariance was weakest in the middle of the gradient but unexpectedly peaked at the second driest site due to the emergence of a clear drought tolerance–drought avoidance spectrum. At the driest site, the same spectrum was truncated at the ‘avoider’ end, revealing important information about habitat filtering in this system.

Our focus on trait covariance revealed the nature and strength of trade‐offs imposed by light and moisture availability, complementing insights gained about community assembly from existing trait‐based approaches.
Oral active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 immunotest may be less accurate in haemato‐oncologic patients
Authors: Mauramo Matti , Uutela Pauliina , Sorsa Timo , Tervahartiala Taina , Bornstein Michael M. , Waltimo Tuomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study examines the associations of active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (aMMP‐8) point‐of‐care immunotest (Periosafe) outcomes with oral health of patients with haemato‐oncologic diseases.MethodsAdult patients diagnosed with haematological diseases aimed to be treated with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) between 2018 and 2019 were included in the study. Clinical and radiological dental examination were taken immediately prior to transplantation. The presence of oral foci of infections, caries or periodontitis was examined and compared with the outcomes of aMMP‐8 immunotest.ResultsAcute oral infection foci were present in 11.9%, chronic in 44.1% and periodontitis in 42.0% of the 143 subjects. aMMP‐8 immunotest was positive in 13.3% of all the 143 subjects. Among subjects with periodontitis (n = 60), the aMMP‐8 immunotest was also positive in 13.3% of these subjects. However, the subjects with positive aMMP‐8 immunotest (n = 19) had more often acute or chronic infection foci and more than one of the examined dental treatment needs compared with subjects with negative immunotest (all p < 0.05). There were no differences in age, sex, hyposalivation, DMFT‐index values nor with plasma levels of leukocytes, neutrophils or C‐reactive protein between subjects with positive or negative aMMP‐8 immunotest.ConclusionsaMMP‐8 immunotest accuracy might be reduced, in relation to periodontitis, in haemato‐oncologic patients.
The West China Hospital radiographic classification for fibrous dysplasia in femur and adjacent bones: A retrospective analysis of 205 patients
Authors: Wang Yitian , Luo Yi , Min Li , Zhou Yong , Wang Jie , Zhang Yuqi , Lu Minxun , Duan Hong , Tu Chongqi 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the reliability and clinical outcome of a newly developed classification system for patients with fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the femur and adjacent bones, optimizing its evaluation and management.MethodsA total of 205 patients (121 female and 84 male) with FD in the femur and adjacent bones were included in this retrospective study. All affected femurs were measured and treated based on this classification at our institution between 2009 and 2019. Based on previous studies and extensive clinical follow‐up, we cautiously proposed the West China Hospital radiographic classification for FD in femur and adjacent bones following corresponding treatment options. There are five types with five radiographic features, including proximal femur bone loss, coxa vara, femoral shaft deformity, genu valgum, and hip arthritis. The intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of this classification was assessed by four observers using the Cohen kappa statistic. The clinical outcome was evaluated using the criteria of Guille.ResultsAt a median follow‐up of 60 months (range 6–120), 205 patients (median 34.8 years old, range 18–73 years old) were categorized into the following five types: Type I 31.7%, Type II 30.2%, Type III 20.5%, Type IV 10.2%, and Type V 7.3%. The mean interobserver and intraobserver kappa scores were 0.85 (range 0.77–0.89) and 0.85 (range 0.79–0.92), respectively. For clinical outcomes, there was no significant difference in the postoperative Guille score for Type I patients (mean 9.01 ± 1.22). There was a significant increase in the postoperative Guille score in Type II, III, IV, and V, compared to the preoperative values (P < 0.01). For complications, two Type III patients reported pain, and one Type III patient had mild‐to‐moderate Trendelenburg gait. One Type IV patient had a mild Trendelenburg gait. And two Type V patients still had mild limping.ConclusionThis classification is reproducible and serves as a tool for evaluating and treating FD in the femur and adjacent bones. Therefore, we recommend this classification for the diagnosis and treatment of FD‐related deformities in the femur and adjacent bones.
Predictive Indicators for Complications of Proximal Humerus Fractures Treated with Locking Plate or Intramedullary Nail Fixation
Authors: Wang Hanzhou , Liu Yang , Wang Dong , He Yuanming , Yao Peifeng , Lu Tianchao , Zhou Junlin 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the best placement of calcar screws in proximal humerus fracture surgeries.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included clinical and radiographic outcomes of 98 patients treated with proximal humerus fracture surgeries between January 2017 and June 2020. Demographic data of patients were obtained from medical records. The surgical and radiographic results were also collected: operation time, blood loss, time to surgery, fibular allograft, disruption of medial region hinge, Neer classification, and recovery of medial support. Patients were allocated into two groups: the locking plate group (n = 65) and the intramedullary nail group (n = 33). In this study, we proposed new predictive indicators, named horizontal ratio (HR) and vertical ratio (VR), to quantify the placement of calcar screws in these two groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to display the accuracy of these indicators. Shoulder activity, visual scale analog (VAS) score, and Constant score were performed to evaluate postoperative clinical outcomes at 1 year follow‐up.ResultsIn the multivariate logistic regression analysis, only time to surgery and effective medial support were considered statistically significant factors of postoperative complications (p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed between medial support and postoperative complications both in the locking plate group and the intramedullary nail group (p < 0.05). Only the vertical ratio of locking plate (VRLP) was a statistically significant predictor of postoperative complications (p < 0.05). The area under curve was calculated to assess the predictive value of VRLP, which came to 0.84. In addition, a ROC analysis found quantifiable thresholds of the VR was 0.1713 as measures to avoid postoperative complications in the locking plate fixation.ConclusionIn locking plate fixation, the incidence of postoperative complications increased significantly when the VR of calcar screws greater than 0.1713, which was beneficial to surgeons to place calcar screws.
Epidemiological and immunological gains from solar water disinfection: Fact or wishful thinking?
Authors: Chaúque Beni Jequicene Mussengue , Benetti Antônio Domingues , Rott Marilise Brittes 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere is still no consensus on the impact of using solar disinfection (SODIS) to reduce the prevalence of waterborne gastrointestinal diseases. The reported reduction in diarrhoea prevalence among SODIS users has been attributed to the consumption of water free of viable pathogens. However, it has also been suggested that ingestion of SODIS‐inactivated pathogens may induce protective immunological changes that may also contribute to a reduction in the frequency of diarrhoea. The present study aimed to critically review the epidemiological and immunological gains of using SODIS.MethodsWe critically reviewed 22 articles published in English, selected from 2118 records systematically retrieved from the databases.ResultsAll trials (except one) reported a significant reduction in diarrhoea prevalence among children using SODIS, but some of the data from trials report contrary findings. All in vitro and in vivo assays indicate that SODIS‐inactivated pathogenic bacteria have the potential to induce immunological alterations that may result in protective immunological effects. Studies with a low risk of bias are still awaited to confirm the ability to use SODIS to reduce the prevalence of diarrhoea.ConclusionReducing the prevalence of diarrhoea depends on the success of SODIS delivery strategies in inducing behavioural changes in communities that result in the production of SODIS‐compliant outcomes. The results of trials reporting a reduction in the prevalence of diarrhoea due to the use of SODIS seem to support the hypothesis of the contribution of the protective immunological effect against diarrhoea in SODIS users.
Optimization of human platelet lysate production and pathogen reduction in a public blood transfusion center
Authors: González María Bermejo , Cuerva Rafael Campos , Muñoz Beatriz Fernández , Rosell‐Valle Cristina , López María Martín , Arribas Blanca Arribas , Montiel Migue Ángel , Sánchez Gloria Carmona , González Mónica Santos 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundHuman platelet lysate (HPL) has been proposed as a safe and efficient xeno‐free alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) for large‐scale culturing of cell‐based medicinal products. However, the use of blood derivatives poses a potential risk of pathogen transmission. To mitigate this risk, different pathogen reduction treatment (PRT) practices can be applied on starting materials or on final products, but these methods might modify the final composition and the quality of the products.Study Design and MethodsWe evaluated the impact of applying a PRT based on riboflavin and ultraviolet irradiation on the raw materials used to manufacture an improved Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)‐grade HPL product in a public blood center. Growth promotion and the levels of growth factors and proteins were compared between an inactivated product (HPL4‐i) and a non‐inactivated product (HPL4). Stability studies were performed at 4°C, −20°C, and −80°C.ResultsThe application of a PRT on the starting materials significantly altered the protein composition of HPL4‐i as compared with HPL4. Despite this, the growth promoting rates were unaffected when compared with FBS used as a control. While all products were stable at −20°C and −80°C for 24 months, a significant decrease in the activity of HPL4‐i was observed when stored at 4°C.ConclusionOur results show that the application of a PRT based on riboflavin and ultraviolet light on starting materials used in the manufacture of HPL modifies the final composition of the product, yet its cell growth promoting activity is maintained at levels similar to those of non‐inactivated products.
EBP education and skills building for leaders: An RCT to promote EBP infrastructure, process and implementation in a comprehensive cancer center
Authors: Tucker Sharon , McNett Molly , O'Leary Colleen , Rosselet Robin , Mu Jinjian , Thomas Bindu , Gallagher‐Ford Lynn , Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundImplementation of evidence‐based practice (EBP) in healthcare remains challenging. The influence of leadership has been recognized. However, few randomized trials have tested effects of an educational and skills building intervention for leaders in clinical settings.AimsTest effects of an EBP leadership immersion intervention on EBP attributes over time among two cohorts of leaders at a national comprehensive cancer center.MethodsA stratified, randomized, wait‐list group, controlled design was conducted. Participants received the evidence‐based intervention one year apart (2020, n = 36; 2021, n = 30) with EBP knowledge, beliefs, competencies, implementation self‐efficacy, implementation behaviors, and organizational readiness measured at pre‐ and post‐intervention, and one‐ and two‐year follow‐ups. Participants applied learnings to a specific clinical or organization priority topic.ResultsBaseline outcomes variables and demographics did not differ between cohorts except for age and years of experience. Both cohorts demonstrated significant changes in EBP attributes (except organizational readiness) post‐intervention. Mixed linear modeling revealed group by time effects at 3‐months for all EBP attributes except implementation behaviors and organizational readiness after the first intervention, favoring cohort 2020, with retained effects for EBP beliefs and competencies at one year. Following Cohort 2021 intervention, at 12‐weeks post‐intervention, implementation behaviors were significantly higher for cohort 2021.Linking Evidence to ActionAn intensive EBP intervention can increase healthcare leaders' EBP knowledge and competencies. Aligning EBP projects with organizational priorities is strategic. Follow‐up with participants to retain motivation, knowledge and competencies is essential. Future research must demonstrate effects on clinical outcomes.
La modificación del estado del riesgo en el contrato de seguro. Su ‘agravación’ y su ‘disminución’. Tendencias, e incidencia del ‘criterio de la razonabilidad
Authors: Jaramillo J. Carlos Igancio 
Published: August 2022

El propósito del presente artículo, se encamina al estudio de la temática referente a la modificación del estado del riesgo, sin duda una de las más emblemáticas demostraciones de que el contrato, entendido como un ser jurídico ‘vivo’, como tal, sujeto a potenciales cambios y mutaciones en su discurrir, no es pétreo e inmóvil, menos tratándose del seguro, en el que la alteración de las bases que primigeniamente se tornaron determinantes para su celebración, no es infrecuente, simbólica, o teórica.
Muy por el contrario, el negocio jurídico aseguraticio, precisamente por estar cimentado en el riesgo, que por naturaleza es volátil, casi inflamable, suele registrar alteraciones durante la fase de su ejecución, unas más incidentes y resonantes que otras, en cuyo caso puede suscitarse una agravación del estado del riesgo asegurado, pero también una disminución.
Y ello es así, lo reiteramos, habida cuenta que el riesgo, ‘materia prima’ del seguro, su epicentro, su corazón, por excelencia es rítmico y, por ende, activo, vigoroso y dinámico, y no de piedra, rígido, plano, gélido, inamovible, siempre estable, invariable, inmutable, lineal y sostenido, motivo por el cual, en atención a un cúmulo de razones y circunstancias de tiempo, modo y lugar, puede cambiar apreciable y profundamente, como en ocasiones sucede, con las consecuencias jurídico-económicas que se describen y examinan en este escrito.
Fit As a Diagnostic Tool: An Analytic Review of Approaches to Measure Correspondence Between Technical and Organizational Architectures
Authors: Gralla Erica , Joseph Nikolai , Szajnfarber Zoe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Standardized design approaches such as those embodied by concurrent design facilities have many benefits, such as increased efficiency of the design process, but may also have hidden costs. Specifically, when their standardized organizational decomposition is a poor fit for the particular design problem, important design trades might be missed or poor decisions made. Before we can understand how this lack of fit impacts the design process, we must be able to empirically observe and measure it. To that end, this paper identifies measures of “fit” from the literature along with attributes likely to impact design process performance, then evaluates the measures to determine how well the measures can detect and diagnose potential issues. The results provide comparative insights into the capabilities of existing fit measures, and also build guidance for how the systems engineering and design community can use insights from the “fit” literature to inform process improvement.
Experimental Investigation of a Thermally Responsive Actuator Based on Metallic Molybdenum Disulfide: A Conceptual Analysis
Authors: Li Haowen , Yang Huachao , Xu Chenxuan , Cheng Xiangnan , Yan Jianhua , Cen Kefa , Bo Zheng , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Actuators that convert external stimuli to mechanical energy have aroused strong attention for emerging applications in robotics, artificial muscles, and other fields. However, their limited performance under harsh operating conditions evidenced by the low cycle life and hysteresis has restricted their practical applications. Here, a thermal-driven actuator based on layered metallic molybdenum disulfide (1T MoS2) nanosheets is demonstrated. The active actuator film exhibits fully reversible and highly stable (&gt;99.296% in 2700 cycles) thermal-mechanical conversion over a wide temperature window (from −60 °C to 80 °C). Importantly, 1T MoS2 film shows a fast response with the bending rate and the recovery rate of &gt;1.090 rad s−1 and &gt;0.978 rad s−1, respectively. The assembled actuator can lift 20 times its weight over several centimeters for more than 200 cycles. This work, for the first time, demonstrates the thermoresponsive characteristics of 1T MoS2 in developing the thermal actuator, which may open new opportunities for various applications, such as robotics, artificial muscles, and human assist devices.
Experimental Investigations on the Effect of Ultrasonic Field in External Pool Boiling Under Various Operating Pressures
Authors: Swarnkar Abhishek , Lakhera Vikas J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The augmentation of boiling heat transfer has been a dynamic domain of research for the past several decades due to a wide range of energy intensive applications and, in line, many active and passive methods have been developed. The present study discusses the effect of ultrasonic field of 31 kHz and 40 kHz on the saturated pool boiling of R141b over plain Cu surface at different operating pressures. It was found that the ultrasonic field is more effective at higher operating pressures. The surface superheat reduced by a maximum value of 2.6 °C with the application of 31 kHz ultrasonic field in comparison to the pool boiling without ultrasonic field application for +30 kPa(g) operating pressure at lower heat flux level of 113 kW/m2. The maximum augmentation in heat transfer coefficient was calculated as 37.1% and 11.4% for frequency of 31 kHz and 40 kHz, respectively, with respect to the no ultrasonic field condition at +30 kPa(g) for lower heat flux level of 113 kW/m2. The Nusselt number was found to be increasing in the sub-atmospheric as well as the pressurized operating pressure range. In comparison to the boiling without application of ultrasonic field, the maximum improvement in Nusselt number was noted as 25.3% at 31 kHz frequency of ultrasonic field and +30 kPa(g) operating conditions. This study suggests the use of lower frequency range of ultrasonic field in the presence of higher operating pressures for higher augmentation in saturated pool boiling.
Modeling and Verification for a Three-Degree-of-Freedom Flexure-Based Planar Parallel Micro Manipulator
Authors: Lin Jianfeng , Qi Chenkun , Gao Feng , Yue Yi , Hu Yan , Wei Baochen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Micro positioning systems are popular devices to achieve ultrahigh precision motion. In this paper, a three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) flexure-based planar parallel micro manipulator is presented. The existing literature focusing on the modeling of micro manipulator is difficult to fully reflect the real internal physical characteristic in the relationship between the input voltage and output pose. A new comprehensive nonlinear model for a three-DOF flexure-based planar parallel micro manipulator considering the errors of compliant joint in multiple non-functional directions, inherent force, moment, and nonlinear properties of the piezoelectric actuator is proposed. The ideal kinematic model and stiffness model are derived for comparison to verify the comprehensive nonlinear model. The simulation results show that the accuracy of the comprehensive nonlinear model is higher than that of other two models. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the average accuracy of the proposed modeling method in the translational direction is 26.35% better than that of the ideal kinematic model. The average accuracy in the rotational direction is 27.49% better than that of the ideal kinematic model. The proposed comprehensive nonlinear model can improve the modeling accuracy. It can be applied to other types of flexure-based micro manipulator.
Motion Control of Autonomous Vehicles Based on Offset Free Model Predictive Control Methods
Authors: Ge Linhe , Zhao Yang , Zhong Shouren , Shan Zitong , Ma Fangwu , Guo Konghui , Han Zhiwu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Model predictive control (MPC) is the mainstream method in the motion control of autonomous vehicles. However, due to the complex and changeable driving environment, the perturbation of vehicle parameters will cause the steady-state error problem, which will lead to the degradation of controller performance. In this paper, the offset-free MPC control method is proposed to solve the steady-state error problem systematically. The core idea of this method is to model the model mismatch, control input offset, and external disturbances as disturbance terms, then use filters to observe these disturbances and finally eliminate the influence of these disturbances on the steady-state error in the MPC solution stage. This paper uses the Kalman filter as an observer, which is integrated into our latest designed MPC solver. Based on state-of-the-art sparse quadratic programming (QP) solver operator splitting solver for quadratic programs (OSQP), an offset free model predictive control (OF-MPC) framework based on disturbance observation and MPC is formed. The proposed OF-MPC solver can efficiently deal with common model mismatch problems such as tire stiffness mismatch, steering angle offset, lateral slope disturbance, and so on. This framework is very efficient and completes all calculations in less than 7 ms when the horizon length is 50. The efficiency and robustness of the algorithm are verified on our newly designed robot operating system (ROS)-Unreal4-carsim real-time cosimulation platform and real vehicle experiments.