bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer simulation of steel ladle secondary lining layers effect on localisation and direction of thermal cracks propagation
Authors: Grigoriev A. S. , Danilchenko S. V. , Dmitriev A. I. , Zabolotsky A V , Migashkin A. O. , Turchin M. Yu. , Khadyev V. T. , Shilko E. V. 
Published: November 2022

A study of crack formation in refractory lining of steel ladles during molten metal pouring into the ladle has been carried out by means of mathematical modelling.The aim of the work was to find out thermal and mechanical conditions under which cracks might initiate in lining elements and to predict the orientation and characteristic length of such cracks. Numerical investigation has been carried out using finite and discrete elements methods. Local fracture analysis was carried out with the application of criteria effectively taking into account various elementary fracture mechanisms. Typical cases are studied, in which hot layer of the lining is characterised by different mechanical constraint conditions and temperature conditions at the back surface, determined by features of the buffering and heat-insulating layers condition of the equipment lining. General patterns of crack initiation in different areas of the product under thermal shock caused by pouring molten metal into the ladle are specified. It has been identified that the presence of a temperature gradient parallel to the hot face can lead to a deviation of the crack trajectory mainly in the direction of the hot area of products. Ill. 5. Ref. 30. Tab. 1.
Looking back: Insider views on the Judicial Inspectorate for Correctional Services
Authors: McGrath Chloë , Van der Spuy Elrena 
Published: November 2022

The establishment of a constitutional democracy in South Africa necessitated widespread institutional reforms across state sectors. A key feature of such reforms was the emphasis on oversight and accountability as illustrated in reform endeavours pursued in the South African Police Service, courts and prisons. One such oversight mechanism – the Judicial Inspectorate for Correctional Services (JICS) – is the subject of this article. Drawing on qualitative interviews with people closely involved with the JICS since 1998, this article presents ‘insider views’ regarding the JICS. We conclude with incumbents’ views on the effectiveness of the JICS.
Inquiries into commissions of inquiry into police
Authors: Van der Spuy Elrena 
Published: November 2022

Commissions of inquiry into police have a long and chequered history - both internationally and locally. In this special edition, our focus falls on the two most recent commissions of inquiry into police in South Africa - parochially known as the Marikana and Khayelitsha commissions. The deliberations of the two commissions have attracted much attention. Media coverage has at times opted for the sensational. However, a steady stream of more thoughtful commentaries, crafted by investigative journalists and policing experts, has also seen the light. The archival footprints of both commissions have been enormous. Thousands of pages of information on a wide range of administrative, operational and policy matters of relevance to police and policing have been produced. The online storage of expert testimonies, witness statements, and transcriptions of cross-examinations has further enhanced access to both primary and secondary material. Amid this abundance of data it would seem that those interested in the trials and tribulations of policing the post-colony can do no better than to capitalise on the opportunity for critical reflection and substantive analysis. In this special edition of the South African Crime Quarterly we take up the challenge for reflection.
ЦИФРОВЫЕ ПРАВООТНОШЕНИЯ КАК НОВОЕ ЯВЛЕНИЕ ДЛЯ СИСТЕМЫ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: ПАЩЕНКО Илья Юрьевич 
Published: November 2022

Исследуется феномен цифровизации в контексте развития правового регулирования, а также такой категории, как цифровые правоотношения. Отмечается, что новеллы законодательства, нацеленные на правовое оформление развития цифровой экономики в России, формируют систему принципиально нового типа правовых отношений — цифровых правоотношений.
Цифровые правоотношения рассматриваются как отдельное явление в системе правового регулирования и как возможная основа для формирования новой отрасли права. В связи с недостаточностью теоретических научных изысканий сделано предположение о том, что утверждать возникновение новой отрасли права преждевременно.
Проанализирована связь цифровых правоотношений с правовыми отношениями, регулируемыми в рамках информационного права. Сделан вывод о том, что ключевой особенностью содержания цифровых правоотношений являются нормативные правила в сфере применения цифровых технологий. Информация, которая подверглась обработке с использованием указанных технологий, рассматривается в качестве данных в цифровой форме и имеет экономический аспект.
ВИРТУАЛЬНАЯ СОБСТВЕННОСТЬ В КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫХ ИГРАХ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ В РОССИЙСКОМ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВЕ
Authors: КАТКОВА Мария Маратовна , СУРЬЯНИНОВА Полина Алексеевна 
Published: November 2022

Анализируется место объектов виртуальной собственности в правовой системе Российской Федерации: исследуются проблемы применения в их отношении абсолютно-правовых и относительно-правовых подходов. Описаны современные подходы отечественных судов при рассмотрении дел, касающихся виртуальной собственности. Рассматривается судебная практика США и стран ЕС, обозначающая критерии, в соответствии с которыми имущество может быть квалифицировано как виртуальное. Разбирается вопрос возможности привлечения к ответственности за хищения внутри игры. Обозначена проблема разграничения объективной и виртуальной реальности в вопросе привлечения нарушителя к ответственности. При этом поднят вопрос о возможности привлечения пользователя к «иной» ответственности посредством заключения пользовательского соглашения. Отмечена важность социальных санкций для киберпространств, приведены реальные случаи их применения.
Использование результатов зарубежной правоприменительной практики, а также попытки отечественных судебных инстанций квалифицировать объекты виртуальной собственности с правовой точки зрения в настоящее время имеют ряд достаточно схожих черт, в связи с чем в работе отмечается, что российский законодатель, вероятно, может использовать в качестве основы законопроектных разработок практику стран Азии и Западной Европы для имплементации в национальное право. Тем не менее в настоящее время отечественный законодатель не видит полноценной возможности для урегулирования правоотношений в области виртуальной собственности, а также для установления ответственности за хищения в киберпространстве.
The Attitude towards a Stranger and Assessment of his Age based on a Photo Image of a Face Transformed in the FaceApp Application
Authors: Vorontsova T.A. 
Published: November 2022

The hypothesis of the study was the assumption that significant differences can be found in the attitude of the subject of perception to the object of perception (“model”) depending on the conditional age stage associated with age-related changes in appearance. Methods: 1) The procedure of “Photovideopresentation of appearance” by T.A. Vorontsova (a set of 36 photos transformed in the FaceApp application); 2) “Methodology for the study of conscious personal relationships to each member of the group and to oneself” by T.A. Vorontsova. Selection: 178 women and 156 men from 21 to 60 years old (M=37.24; SD=10.46). Results: 1) the attitude of subjects of perception to objects of perception significantly changes depending on the conditional age stage associated with changes in appearance: antipathy increases (in 64% of observations); antipathy decreases (in 36% of observations); disrespect increases (in 25% of observations); disrespect decreases (in 75% of observations); distance increases / decreases (50%); 2) gender differences in the dynamics of attitudes towards objects of perception were found: an increase in respect for men, in contrast to the multidirectional dynamics of respect for women. The recorded dynamics of relations reveals benevolent (an increase in respect) and hostile ageism (an increase in antipathy) towards older people who have obvious age-related changes in appearance. Also, the data obtained on the Russian sample confirm the existence of the age stereotype “a woman is getting old, a man is getting mature”. The data are discussed in connection with age stigma, the influence of additional factors, and the possibilities of using FaceApp in scientific research.
Use of Thermal Radiation for Remote Identification of Liquids in Closed Dielectric Containers
Authors: Nikolaieva Anastasiia Dmytrivna , Ustenko Kyrylo Serhiiovych 
Published: November 2022

Remote determination of substances, including liquids, is an urgent problem, the solution of which requires fundamentally new approaches to both methods and measurement techniques. This is due to the fact that standard liquid analysis methods are mainly spectroscopic methods in various frequency ranges from neutron diffractometry to acoustic spectroscopy, which are very difficult or even impossible to apply in remote sensing. Conventional radar methods are usually unacceptable due to the impossibility of covert removal of information using active location and obtaining data on the composition of the irradiated object based on it. Therefore, at present, methods and techniques of passive location are being used more and more, but in order to solve quite specific problems of remote identification of substances, they must be significantly modernized.
This article discusses a technique and a modernized measuring complex for remote study of liquid electrolytes and non-electrolytes using measurements and subsequent analysis of fluctuations in the temperature difference of the intermediate liquid medium (distilled water) in which the container with the liquid under study is located. To date, there is no clear understanding of how thermally stimulated radiation depends on the composition of a macroscopic body, and also on whether thermal radiation is in equilibrium or non-equilibrium. The investigated object, at a given temperature, emits electromagnetic waves associated with the thermal motion of the molecules and atoms of its constituents. That’s, why thermal radiation is random (fluctuation) process, which means that the average value of the electromagnetic field is equal to zero, but other averaged features, such as quadraticity in the field, may differ from zero. The quadratic characteristics of a thermal electromagnetic field determine its energy, which has a finite value other than zero, which can be measured by an appropriate sensor and characterizes the field source — a macroscopic body heated to a certain temperature. The paper presents the results of studies of mixtures of electrolytes and non-electrolytes of various concentrations. An example of non-equilibrium thermal radiation is given. It is shown that it is possible to distinguish between the studied liquids and methods of combining the components of solutions of given concentrations to obtain the given properties of the entire solution.
HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM AND ACTIVITY-BASED APPROACH TO EDUCATION
Authors: Holubnycha Liudmyla , Zelenska Liudmyla 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. the article reveals the meaning of the notions “activity” and “system” both in general and pedagogical science context as the integration components of the system and activity-based approach to education. The purpose of the article is to characterize the concept of the system and activity-based approach and describe its development applied to the educational process. Emphasis is placed on the history of the development of the system and activity-based approach.
The results of the investigation made it possible to conclude reveal that the idea to combine system-based and activity-based approaches does not belong to one scientist. It appears in a number of works of philosophers and psychologists of the first part of the 20th century. Considering the issues of teaching and raising a child gave a substantial impulse to the development of this idea in the 1960s-1990s. Nowadays the studied methodological approach to educational process complements other ones.
LWD Acquisition of Caliper and Drilling Mechanics as a New Approach on Geothermal Drilling Operation, a Case Study in Sorik Marapi Field – Indonesia
Authors: Manurung Vinda Berlianta , Warkhaida Laila , Hutabarat David Jockey , Maulana Taufan , Wisnuwardhana Sentanu , Simatupang Christovik , Sanjaya Dhani , _ Ashadi , Pasikki Riza , Putra Redha Bhawika , Yustendi Kiki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The geothermal drilling environment presents many obstacles that limit the use of directional-drilling and logging-while-drilling (LWD) technologies, such as borehole washout, mud losses, severe vibration, and high temperature. The case study presented in this paper demonstrates a novel practice to enhance data logging in geothermal drilling by deploying advanced telemetry and LWD technologies. This operation aims for continuous improvement in geothermal drilling operations.
The case study covers the 12.25-in. hole section of well XXE-05 in the Sorik Marapi Geothermal Field. The LWD string consisted of electromagnetic (EM) telemetry, pressure while drilling (PWD), vibration (DDSr), and acoustic caliper (ACAL). Through this tool configuration, the operator acquired drilling mechanics and caliper logs in real-time and recorded mode, enabling effective monitoring and evaluation of wellbore stability.
Throughout the real-time acquisition, EM telemetry provided a data rate to the surface unit three times faster than conventional tools. Furthermore, with the integration of caliper and drilling mechanics data (vibration and equivalent circulating density), the borehole conditions became more visible to the directional driller, allowing better control of drilling parameters to minimize vibration and achieve optimum hole cleaning in washed-out or tight formation sequences. The recorded data from the caliper sensor indicated an average of 8.6% washout for the entire 12.25-in. interval. Washout intervals were compared with loss occurrence during drilling and the presence of smectite-bearing paleosols, showing that the washout zones associate with the latter, supporting the smectite-bearing paleosol model in explaining the cause of stuck pipe incidents in the Sorik Marapi field. In addition, measurements of hole ovality were compared with the interpreted fault trend, providing further insight into the existing model. In general, this LWD case study has given added value through geothermal borehole characterization, from drilling hazard identification to subsurface analysis.
Identified challenges while running LWD in this geothermal environment were addressed for future improvements, such as the effect of tool eccentricity and the impact of vibration. Perusal of both real-time and recorded caliper and drilling-mechanics data has opened various possibilities for maximizing the sensor usage in future wells.
High-speed full-field entire bandwidth mid-infrared chemical imaging
Authors: Zhao Yue , Kusama Shota , Furutani Yuji , Huang Wei-Hong , Luo Chih-Wei , Fuji Takao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mid-infrared spectroscopy probes molecular vibrations to identify chemical species and functional groups. Therefore, mid-infrared hyperspectral imaging is one of the most powerful and promising candidates for chemical imaging using optical methods. Yet high-speed and entire bandwidth mid-infrared hyperspectral imaging has not been realized. Here we report a mid-infrared hyperspectral chemical imaging technique using chirped pulse upconversion of sub-half-cycle pulses at the image plane, that the lateral resolution is 15 μm, and the field of view is adjustable between 800 μm × 600 μm to 12 mm × 9 mm. A 640 × 480 pixel image can be obtained in 8 s at the hyperspectral imaging, which comprises 1069 wavelength points and covers a spectral range of 640–3015 cm–1 with a wavenumber resolution of 2.6–3.7 cm–1. For discrete frequency mid-infrared imaging, the measurement speed reaches a frame rate of 5 kHz, the repetition rate of the laser. As a demonstration, we effectively identified and mapped different components in a microfluidic device, plant cell, and mouse embryo section. The great capacity and latent force of this technique in chemical imaging promise to be applied to many fields such as chemical analysis, biology, and medicine.
Sources of Myanmar’s Economic Growth during 2010-2015: Input-Output Analysis
Authors: Thein Ei Ei , Inaba Kazuo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to examine Myanmar’s economic structure and its sources of economic growth during the economic reformation between 2010 and 2015, in comparison to those of four other ASEAN countries. The analysis uses the backward linkage and deviation from proportional growth (DPG) approaches. The data for the analysis is taken from the Eora global database and the Asian Development Bank’s database. During 2010–2015, Myanmar’s gross production expansion is 1.78 times, the highest growth record among the selected countries. Despite its high economic growth, Myanmar’s economic structure does not show remarkable change within this period. Domestic demand significantly dominates Myanmar’s economy. Backward linkages show that the transport equipment sector has the largest contribution to output growth from the demand side. In terms of DPGs, Myanmar’s economic growth during 2010-2015 can be mainly attributed to the expansion of the public administration sector expanded through increased consumption and public and private investment. The agriculture sector contributes significantly to export expansion of Myanmar. Industrialization was still underdeveloped prior to 2015 and the manufacturing sectors do not have a noticeable impact on Myanmar’s economy and export growth.
A compendium of genetic regulatory effects across pig tissues
Authors: Fang Lingzhao , Teng Jinyan , Gao Yahui , Yin Hongwei , Bai Zhonghao , Liu Shuli , Zeng Haonan , Bai Lijing , Cai Zexi , Zhao Bingru , Li Xiujin , Xu Zhiting , Lin Qing , Pan Zhangyuan , Yang Wenjing , Yu Xiaoshan , Guan Dailu , Hou Yali , Keel Brittney , Rohrer Gary , Lindholm-Perry Amanda , Oliver William , Ballester Maria , Crespo-Piazuelo Daniel , Quintanilla Raquel , Canela-Xandri Oriol , Rawlik Konrad , Xia Charley , Yao Yuelin , Zhao Qianyi , Yao Wenye , Yang Liu , Li Houcheng , Zhang Huicong , Liao Wang , Chen Tianshuo , Karlskov-Mortensen Peter , Fredholm Merete , Amills Marcel , Clop Alex , Giuffra Elisabetta , Wu Jun , Cai Xiaodian , Diao Shuqi , Pan Xiangchun , Wei Chen , Li Jinghui , Cheng Hao , Wang Sheng , Su Guosheng , Sahana Goutam , Lund Mogens , Dekkers Jack , Kramer Luke , Tuggle Christopher , Corbett Ryan , Groenen Martien A.M. , Madsen Ole , Gòdia Marta , Rocha Dominique , Charles Mathieu , Li Cong-jun , Pausch Hubert , Hu Xiaoxiang , Frantz Laurent , Luo Yonglun , Lin Lin , Zhou Zhong-Yin , Zhang Zhe , Chen Zitao , Cui Leilei , Xiang Ruidong , Shen Xia , Li Pinghua , Huang Ruihua , Tang Guoqing , Li Mingzhou , Zhao Yunxiang , Yi Guoqiang , Tang Zhonglin , Jiang Jicai , Zhao Fuping , Yuan Xiaolong , Liu Xiaohong , Chen Yaosheng , Xu Xuewen , Zhao Shuhong , Zhao Pengju , Haley Chris , Zhou Huaijun , Wang Qishan , Pan Yuchun , Ding Xiangdong , Ma Li , Li Jiaqi , Navarro Pau , Zhang Qin , Li Bingjie , Tenesa Albert , Li Kui , Liu George , Zhang Zhe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Farm animal Genotype-Tissue Expression (FarmGTEx, https://www.farmgtex.org/) project has been established to develop a comprehensive public resource of genetic regulatory variants in domestic animal species, which is essential for linking genetic polymorphisms to variation in phenotypes, helping fundamental biology discovery and exploitation in animal breeding and human biomedicine. Here we present results from the pilot phase of PigGTEx (http://piggtex.farmgtex.org/), where we processed 9,530 RNA-sequencing and 1,602 whole-genome sequencing samples from pigs. We build a pig genotype imputation panel, characterize the transcriptional landscape across over 100 tissues, and associate millions of genetic variants with five types of transcriptomic phenotypes in 34 tissues. We study interactions between genotype and breed/cell type, evaluate tissue specificity of regulatory effects, and elucidate the molecular mechanisms of their action using multi-omics data. Leveraging this resource, we decipher regulatory mechanisms underlying about 80% of the genetic associations for 207 pig complex phenotypes, and demonstrate the similarity of pigs to humans in gene expression and the genetic regulation behind complex phenotypes, corroborating the importance of pigs as a human biomedical model.
Knowledge and use of Information and Communications Technology in healthcare delivery among healthcare providers in Ketu South municipality
Authors: Kuwornu Emmanuel-Jones , Asem Livingstone 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: According to research, Information Communication Technology (ICT) adoption is linked to increased productivity and economic growth. The benefits of using Information Technology (IT) in the health field are well-known and can help in the promotion of; patient-centered care, care quality, and education of health workers and patients. Despite this, IT implementation is complicated and requires changes at multiple levels, including patients, healthcare practitioners, and healthcare organizations. Hence, this study seeks to examine the level of knowledge and use of ICT among healthcare practitioners' in delivering healthcare.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used with a structured questionnaire administered to 198 participants. Data was entered into Epi-data version 4.0, cleaned before being exported to Stata version 17 for analysis. Frequency tables were used to display the background characteristics. Cross tabulation was also done to determine the association between Knowledge, socio-demographic, utilization of information and barriers to use of ICT in healthcare delivery.
Findings: Overall, 126 (63.6%) were women. Majority of the respondents (56.1%) had good knowledge about ICT, a great portion of the respondents (69.7%) had utilized ICT and the top four usage of internet by the respondents were, for research, for social media, access to news and for mailing in the proportions of 33.1%, 25.3%, 21.8% and 19.8 respectively.
Conclusion: Even though a great portion of healthcare providers in Ketu South Municipality preferred using ICT tools in working we discovered knowledge and usage gaps. Therefore, we recommend health workers be frequently trained on how to effectively use computers in healthcare delivery in order to successfully integrate ICT into our healthcare system.
The Cenomanian/Turonian boundary in light of new developments in terrestrial palynology
Authors: Galasso Francesca , Heimhofer Ulrich , Schneebeli-Hermann Elke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Cenomanian/Turonian boundary interval is associated with an oceanic anoxic event (OAE 2, 94.0 Ma) during one of the warmest episodes in the Mesozoic. To date, plant responses to these climatic conditions are known only from the northernmid-latitudinal succession in Cassis, France. There, conifer-dominated and angiosperm-dominated vegetation types alternate.However, whether the exceptional environmental conditions had an impact on plant reproduction is unknown to date. Weapplied a new environmental proxy based on spore and pollen teratology on palynological samples from the Cassis succession,to explore if this phenomenon also occurs across the OAE 2. The observed frequencies of <1% malformed spores and pollengrains suggest that plant reproduction was not affected during the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary interval.