bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting energy prices: Quantile‐based risk models
Authors: Apergis Nicholas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to use a new modelling approach to extract quantile‐based oil and natural gas risk measures using quantile autoregressive distributed lag mixed‐frequency data sampling (QADL‐MIDAS) regression models. The analysis compares this model to a standard quantile auto‐regression (QAR) model and shows that it delivers better quantile forecasts at the majority of forecasting horizons. The analysis also uses the QADL‐MIDAS model to construct oil and natural gas prices risk measures proxying for uncertainty, third‐moment dynamics, and the risk of extreme energy realizations. The results document that these risk measures are linked to the future evolution of energy prices, while they are linked to the future evolution of US economic growth.
Volatility forecasting for stock market incorporating macroeconomic variables based on GARCH‐MIDAS and deep learning models
Authors: Song Yuping , Tang Xiaolong , Wang Hemin , Ma Zhiren 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEmpirical experiments have shown that macroeconomic variables can affect the volatility of stock market. However, the frequencies of macroeconomic variables are low and different from the stock market volatility, and few literature considers the low‐frequency macroeconomic variables as input indicators for deep learning models. In this paper, we forecast the stock market volatility incorporating low‐frequency macroeconomic variables based on a hybrid model integrating the deep learning method with generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity and mixed data sampling (GARCH‐MIDAS) model to process the mixing frequency data. This paper firstly takes macroeconomic variables as exogenous variables then uses the GARCH‐MIDAS model to deal with the problem of different frequencies between the macroeconomic variables and stock market volatility and to forecast the short‐term volatility and finally takes the predicted short‐term volatility as the input indicator into machine learning and deep learning models to forecast the realized volatility of stock market. It is found that adding macroeconomic variables can significantly improve the forecasting ability in the comparison of the forecasting effects of the same model before and after adding the macroeconomic variables. Additionally, in the comparison of the forecasting effects among different models, it is also found that the forecasting effect of the deep learning model is the best, the machine learning model is worse, and the traditional econometric model is the worst.
Surgical intervention after medical treatment for early pregnancy loss according to gestational size
Authors: Gluck Ohad , Barber Elad , Tal Ori , Kerner Ram , Weiner Eran , Sagiv Ron 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo study the rate of surgical intervention for unsuccessful medical treatment in early pregnancy loss (EPL), according to gestational size by ultrasound (GS‐US).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. All women who were treated with misoprostol for EPL between July 2015 and December 2020 were included. The cohort was divided according to GS‐US: group 1: gestational sac without an embryonic pole; group 2: an embryonic pole with crown‐rump length (CRL) compatible with <7 weeks; group 3: CRL compatible with 7+0–7+6 weeks; group 4: CRL compatible with 8+0–8+6 weeks; group 5: CRL compatible with ≥9 weeks. We compared the rate of any surgical intervention due to treatment failure.ResultsOverall, 783 patients were included: group 1, 236 (30.1%); group 2, 319 (40.7%); group 3, 115 (14.7%); group 4, 78 (10.0%); and group 5, 35 (5.0%) patients. The rate of any surgical intervention was significantly lower in groups 1–4 (54, 22.9%; 85, 26.6%; 28, 24.3%; and 22, 28.2%, respectively) compared with group 5 (17, 48.6%; P = 0.030). On multivariant analysis, GS‐US greater than 9 weeks was independently associated with the need for surgical intervention (adjusted odds ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.51; P = 0.040).ConclusionWhen treating EPL medically, GS‐US greater than 9 weeks increases the risk of undergoing additional surgical intervention compared with younger weeks.
Effect of intimate partner violence in pregnancy on maternal and perinatal outcomes at the Korle Bu teaching hospital, Ghana: An observational cross sectional study
Authors: Thompson Ngozi N. , Mumuni Kareem , Oppong Samuel A. , Sefogah Promise E. , Nuamah Mercy A. , Nkyekyer Kobinah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association between intimate partner violence and pregnancy outcomes.MethodsThis was a descriptive study of sociodemographic characteristics of participants, their partners and intimate partner violence. Participants' delivery records were reviewed for additional medical and obstetric information and abused women and their neonates followed until discharge. χ2 and Student t test were used to assess associations, followed by logistic regression with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). A value of P less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe study included 270 participants of whom 84 (31.1%) reported experiencing domestic violence during pregnancy. One hundred and fourteen (42%) had experienced domestic violence pre‐pregnancy and 69 (60.5%) of these women experienced further domestic violence during pregnancy. Emotional violence was commonest 80/270 (29.6%) and no sexual violence was reported. Domestic violence declined from 42% (pre‐pregnancy) to 31.1% (in‐pregnancy) (P = 0.009). Risk factors during pregnancy were young age (15–24 years; OR 5.8, 95% CI1.65–20.38), nulliparity (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.90–7.41), and partner's alcohol consumption (OR 5.04, 95% CI 2.50–10.13). Associated outcomes included late prenatal booking, gestational hypertension, and cephalopelvic disproportion.ConclusionWe found high prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy, preponderance of emotional abuse, and decline of physical abuse. Nulliparity, younger age, and partner's alcohol consumption predicted abuse. Late‐booking, gestational hypertension, cephalopelvic disproportion, and fetal distress were associated.
Capacity building in operational research on obstetric fistula: Experience in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 2017–2021
Authors: Delamou Alexandre , Tripathi Vandana , Camara Bienvenu Salim , Sidibe Sidikiba , Grovogui Fassou Mathias , Kolie Delphin , Bouedouno Patrice , Kourouma Karifa , Banze Don Félicien , Mafu Michel M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo implement a Flexible Operational Research Training (FORT) course within the Fistula Care Plus Project, Democratic Republic of Congo, from 2017 to 2021.MethodsA descriptive study using design and implementation (process and outcome) data. Two to four members of medical teams from three supported sites were selected for the training based on their research interests and level of involvement in the program.ResultsTwo courses (13–14 months each) involving nine facilitators and 17 participants overall were conducted between 2017 and 2021. Most participants in both courses were medical doctors (67% and 71%, respectively) from the supported hospitals (83% and 77%, respectively). About half were women. In addition to classic face‐to‐face didactic modules, the courses integrated online platforms to cope with the changing contexts (Ebola virus and COVID‐19). Most participants reported having gained new skills in developing research protocols, collecting, managing, and analyzing data, and developing research manuscripts. The two courses resulted in six scientific manuscripts and three presentations at international conferences. Participants subsequently published five papers from their research after the first course. The total direct costs for both courses were representing a cost of $3669 per participant trained.ConclusionThe FORT model proved feasible, efficient, and successful. However, scaling up will require more adaptation efforts from programs and participating sites.
Determination of groundwater potential zones using geographic information systems and remote sensing in Lupane District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Chisadza Bright , Mashakani Brian‐Lee , Gwate Onalenna , Chiwara Phibion , Choruma Dennis , Gumindoga Webster 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGroundwater is a vital natural resource for agricultural, domestic and industrial uses. Understanding the spatial distribution of groundwater resources is critical to improving the relationship between water, food and energy. This article uses GIS and remote sensing and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) technique to map the potential groundwater zones in the Lupane district. Lineaments, drainage density, slope, soil type, geology and land use land cover (LULC) were used to create thematic maps in ArcMap. The thematic maps were weighted and ranked according to their influence on the movement and occurrence of groundwater. To validate the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) model, we used LULC and 675 perennial and seasonal boreholes in the Lupane district. The LULC and borehole maps were overlaid on the modelled GWPZ map to highlight their distribution. The GWPZ results show that areas with good potential make up the majority of the district (41%), followed by areas with moderate potential (30%), poor potential (14%), very good potential (13%) and very poor potential (2%). The results showed that 74% (499) of perennial boreholes overlapped the zones with good, moderate and/or very good groundwater potential. The GWPZ map can therefore be used as a preliminary reference when selecting suitable sites for the exploitation of groundwater resources. Further testing of the model using both seasonal and year‐round yields and depths from boreholes is recommended.
NTBI levels in C282Y homozygotes after therapeutic phlebotomy
Authors: Ryan Eleanor , Mulready Keith , Wiegerinck Erwin , Russell Jennifer , Swinkels Dorine W. , Stewart Stephen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractC282Y homozygotes exposed to sustained elevated transferrin saturation (TS) may develop worsening clinical symptoms. This might be related to the appearance of non‐transferrin bound iron (NTBI) when TS≥50% and labile plasma iron (LPI) when TS levels reach 75–80%. In this study, NTBI levels were examined in 219 randomly selected untreated and treated C282Y homozygotes. Overall, 161 of 219 had TS ≥ 50%, 124 of whom had detectable NTBI (≥0.47 µM, 1.81 µM [0.92–2.46 µM]) with a median serum ferritin 320 µg/L (226–442 µg/L). Ninety of 219 homozygotes had TS ≥ 75%, and all had detectable NTBI (2.21 µM [1.53–2.59 µM] with a median ferritin 338 µg/L [230–447 µg/L]). Of 125 homozygotes who last had phlebotomy ≥12 months ago (42 months [25–74 months], 92 had TS levels ≥ 50%, and 70 of these had NTBI ≥ 0.47 µM (2.06 µM [1.23–2.61µM]). Twenty‐six of these 70 had a normal ferritin. Fifty‐five of 125 had TS ≥ 75%, and NTBI was detected in all of these (2.32 µM [1.57–2.77 µM]) with a median ferritin 344 µg/L (255–418 µg/L). Eighteen of these 55 had a normal ferritin. In summary, NTBI is frequently found in C282Y homozygotes with TS ≥ 50%. Furthermore, C282Y homozygotes in the maintenance phase often have TS ≥ 50% together with a normal ferritin. Therefore, monitoring the TS level during the maintenance phase is recommended as an accessible clinical marker of the presence of NTBI.
Pharmacologic screen identifies active combinations with BET inhibitors and LRRK2 as a novel putative target in lymphoma
Authors: Spriano Filippo , Sartori Giulio , Tarantelli Chiara , Barreca Marilia , Golino Gaetanina , Rinaldi Andrea , Napoli Sara , Mascia Michele , Scalise Lorenzo , Arribas Alberto J. , Cascione Luciano , Zucca Emanuele , Stathis Anastasios , Gaudio Eugenio , Bertoni Francesco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInhibitors of the Bromo‐ and Extra‐Terminal domain (BET) family proteins have strong preclinical antitumor activity in multiple tumor models, including lymphomas. Limited single‐agent activity has been reported in the clinical setting. Here, we have performed a pharmacological screening to identify compounds that can increase the antitumor activity of BET inhibitors in lymphomas.The germinal center B‐cell like diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell lines OCI‐LY‐19 and WSU‐DLCL2 were exposed to 348 compounds given as single agents at two different concentrations and in combination with the BET inhibitor birabresib. The combination partners included small molecules targeting important biologic pathways such as PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling and apoptosis, approved anticancer agents, kinase inhibitors, epigenetic compounds. The screening identified a series of compounds leading to a stronger antiproliferative activity when given in combination than as single agents: the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors panobinostat and dacinostat, the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) inhibitor everolimus, the ABL/SRC (ABL proto‐oncogene/SRC proto oncogene) inhibitor dasatinib, the AKT1/2/3 inhibitor MK‐2206, the JAK2 inhibitor TG101209. The novel finding was the benefit given by the addition of the LRRK2 inhibitor LRRK2‐IN‐1, which was validated in vitro and in vivo. Genetic silencing demonstrated that LRRK2 sustains the proliferation of lymphoma cells, a finding paired with the association between high expression levels and inferior outcome in DLBCL patients.We identified combinations that can improve the response to BET inhibitors in lymphomas, and LRRK2 as a gene essential for lymphomas and as putative novel target for this type of tumors.
Pediatric inborn errors of immunity causing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Caldirola María Soledad , Raccio Andrea Gómez , Di Giovanni Daniela , Gaillard María Isabel , Preciado María Victoria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInborn errors of immunity are a group of genetic disorders caused by mutations that affect the development and/or function of several compartments of the immune system, predisposing patients to infections, autoimmunity, allergy and malignancies. In this regard, mutations that affect proteins involved in trafficking, priming, docking, or membrane fusion will impair the exocytosis of lytic granules of effector NK and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This may predispose patients to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, a life-threatening immune disorder characterized by systemic lymphocyte and macrophage activation, and increased levels of cytokines, which lead to an uncontrolled hyperinflammation state and progressive multiorgan damage. In this review, we will describe a clinical case and recent advances in inborn errors of immunity predisposing to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Summary sentence: Review of recent advances in inborn errors of immunity predisposing to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Primary carnitine deficiency is a life‐long disease
Authors: Crefcoeur Loek L. , Melles Mireille C. , Bruning Tobias A. , Pereira Rob Rodrigues , Langendonk Janneke G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPrimary carnitine deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease associated with acute hypoketotic hypoglycaemia, cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death. Effective treatment with carnitine supplementation is available. An 18 months old boy, who presented with cardiomyopathy was diagnosed with primary carnitine deficiency, and carnitine supplementation resulted in a full recovery. At age 13 years, he discontinued his medication and at 20 years, he discontinued clinical monitoring. Nine years later, age 29, he presented with heart failure and atrial fibrillation and was admitted to an intensive care unit, where he was treated with furosemide, enoximone and intravenous carnitine supplementation, this lead to improved cardiac function within 2 weeks, and with continued oral carnitine supplements, his left ventricular ejection fraction normalised. The last 8 years were uneventful and he continued to attend his regular follow‐up visits at a specialised metabolic outpatient clinic. We report recurrent reversible severe heart failure in a patient with primary carnitine deficiency; it was directly related to non‐compliance to carnitine supplementation (and monitoring). This case report emphasises first, the importance of continued monitoring of metabolic disease patients, second, the potential reversibility of cardiomyopathy in an adult patient, and third, the potential risks in the period of transition from the paediatric to adult care. This is an age where young adults desire to be healthy and ignore the need for ongoing medical treatment, even as simple as oral suppletion. Before they reach this age, adequate disease insight and self‐management of the disease should be promoted.
Association of type II diabetes mellitus with characteristics and outcomes for patients undergoing sentinel lymph node biopsy for cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Straker Richard J. , Tortorello Gabriella N. , Sharon Cimarron E. , Keele Luke J. , Chu Emily Y. , Miura John T. , Karakousis Giorgos C. , Ming Michael E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesType II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can lead to an immunosuppressed state, but whether T2DM is associated with worse outcomes for patients with melanoma has not been well studied.MethodsConsecutive patients diagnosed with clinical stage I–II cutaneous melanoma who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy at a single institution (2007–2016) were identified. Melanoma characteristics and recurrence/survival outcomes were compared between patients with and without T2DM at the time of melanoma diagnosis.ResultsOf 1128 patients evaluated, 111 (9.8%) had T2DM (n = 94 [84.7%] non‐insulin dependent [NID‐T2DM]; n = 17 [15.3%] insulin dependent [ID‐T2DM]). T2DM patients were more likely to be older (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, p < 0.001), male (OR 2.15, p = 0.003), have tumors >1.0 mm (OR 1.88, p = 0.023), and have microsatellitosis (OR 2.29, p = 0.030). Five‐year cumulative incidence of melanoma recurrence was significantly higher for patients with ID‐T2DM (46.7% ID‐T2DM vs. 25.7% NID‐T2DM vs. 17.1% no T2DM, p < 0.001), and on multivariable analysis, ID‐T2DM was independently associated with melanoma recurrence (hazard ratio 2.57, p = 0.015). No difference in 5‐year disease‐specific survival was observed between groups.ConclusionsID‐T2DM appears to be associated with more advanced melanoma and increased risk for melanoma recurrence. Further study as to whether this reflects differences in tumor biology or host factors is warranted.
Lifetime trauma exposure profiles and alcohol use over time among U.S. Reserve and National Guard soldiers
Authors: Vest Bonnie M. , Weiss‐Laxer Nomi S. , Homish D. Lynn , Homish Gregory G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough trauma exposure is a recognized risk factor for alcohol use, research on military populations has emphasized combat exposure, with minimal consideration of exposure to other potentially traumatic events (PTEs). We aimed to (a) identify, characterize, and quantify subgroups of service members based on PTE patterns; (b) examine associations between trauma exposure subgroups and alcohol use; and (c) examine these associations longitudinally. Data were drawn from Operation: SAFETY, a longitudinal study of health and well‐being among U.S. Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers (N = 478). Exposure to 15 PTEs, including childhood maltreatment, noninterpersonal events (e.g., natural disasters, accidents), interpersonal trauma, and military‐related exposures, was assessed at baseline. Latent profile analysis was conducted to characterize mutually exclusive trauma profiles; profile membership was used to longitudinally predict alcohol use in generalized estimating equation models. Four exposure profiles were identified: intimate partner violence (IPV)/combat trauma (8.4%, n = 40), combat trauma (24.7%, n = 118), childhood trauma (8.4%, n = 40), and low trauma (58.6%, n = 280). In adjusted models, compared to the low trauma profile, IPV/combat profile membership was longitudinally associated with alcohol problems, OR = 2.44, p =.005. Membership in other trauma profiles was not associated with alcohol use. Within the IPV/combat profile, men had a higher risk of frequent heavy drinking than women. Results suggest a need to comprehensively screen for lifetime PTE exposure, particularly IPV, in military populations. Given the high prevalence of nonmilitary PTEs, an inclusive, trauma‐informed approach to health care and service provision is warranted.
Towards sustainable and efficient land development: Risk of soil heavy metal(loid)s in abandoned gold mines with short‐term rehabilitation and potential value for targeted remediation
Authors: Cao Lina , Xiang Hongyong , Yang Pan , Zhang Zhenxing , He Chunguang , Lin Chenlu , Gao Yufu , Li Yuan , Bernhardt Thibault M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecently sustainable and efficient land development and the potential reutilization values of abandoned mines (i.e., industrial, arable, and tourism) have been attracting worldwide attention. However, environmental impacts after rehabilitation practices are often ignored and field data are lacking. What remains unknown is an understanding how the risk of soil trace metal(loid)s (TMs) respond to short‐term rehabilitation of abandoned gold mines and the potential value for following targeted remediation. We found that a high level of TM cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As)] contamination and significant health risk to humans, limited land reutilization in rehabilitation scenarios. Feedback from soil TMs to rehabilitation is of potential value for following targeted remediation. Specifically, (1) the major pollutants we studied were Cd and As. Cadmium poses a considerable ecological risk as evidenced by Igeo, contamination factor, and risk assessment code, and a much higher bioavailability evidenced by non‐residual fractions (42.42%). Arsenic has the lowest environmental availability with 90.99% in residual fraction; (2) spatial distributions of TMs were similar. Sites with serious contamination were mainly located in the southwest of the study area, close to the abandoned mine; Results of principal component analysis suggested that mining activities were the main anthropogenic pollution sources; (3) there was no non‐carcinogenic risk and a higher carcinogenic risk was found in adults than in children. Targeted remediation techniques are needed to mitigate carcinogenic risks posed by As and Cr. This study emphasized the necessity of assessment of soil TMs risk in abandoned gold mines with short‐term rehabilitation and offered crucial data utilized to optimize time parameters (short‐term) towards sustainable and efficient land development.