bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic and electrical transport studies of polycrystalline Sr1−

x
Bi
x
Fe12O19 (x = 0, 0.01, and 0.02)
Authors: Sahoo M R , Barik A , Kuila S , Tiwary Sweta , Ghosh R , Babu P D , Kaushik S D , Vishwakarma P N 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bismuth-substituted strontium hexaferrites, Sr1−x
Bi
x
Fe12O19 for x = 0, 0.01 and 0.02, are studied via powder neutron diffraction (ND), magnetization (M) studies, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and electrical transport. ND results show an indication of increasing Fe2+ at 12k crystallographic sites (which is supported by Mössbauer results), with increasing Bi in the sample. They also suggest an increase in strain due to Bi substitution for the polyhedral associated with 2a and 2b spin-up and 4f1 spin-down sites. The M measurements over a wide temperature range (3–823 K), shows irreversibility in zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled data right below the Curie temperature, along with the Hopkinson peak in the ZFC data. The temperature dependence of saturated magnetization follows the Bloch relation but that of the coercive field shows unconventional behavior. The coercive field data is fitted using an equation devised by taking into consideration of all the three anisotropies. The critical exponents at the ferromagnetic–paramagnetic phase transition boundary, calculated using modified Arrott plots, are slightly overvalued as per mean-field theory. The temperature dependence of resistivity displays nearest-neighbor hopping conduction in all the three samples. The conductivity increases with increasing Bi in the sample, due to the increasing Fe2+ content, which facilitates the electron hopping between Fe sites. The magnetoresistance measured at various sub-room temperatures for all the compounds shows the interplay of anisotropy magnetoresistance (AMR) and giant magnetoresistance (GMR). Low temperature data are dominated by GMR and gradual participation of AMR increases as room temperature is approached.
Symmetries of the oblate deformed harmonic oscillator
Authors: Freer Martin , Marsh Thomas , Souter James 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A study of oblate shell closures of the deformed harmonic oscillator (HO) shows that the associated magic numbers are linked to a universal sequence of the triangular numbers (1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21…) which describe equally prolate, spherical and oblate structures. This provides a new basis for the understanding of the deformed HO. The consequences for oblate nuclei are discussed, in particular 12C and 28Si.
Elucidate interfacial disorder effects on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at Fe/MgO heterostructure from first-principles calculations
Authors: Nazir Safdar , Yang Kesong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) plays a key role in spintronic applications such as memory recording and computational devices. Despite robust PMA being reported at the Fe/MgO interface, there are still inconsistencies in the disorder effects on the interfacial magnetic anisotropy. Here we reported a comprehensive study of the influence of the interfacial disorder, including the underoxidization, overoxidization, and oxygen migration, on the PMA of the Fe/MgO interface using first-principles calculations. Compared to the pristine Fe/MgO interface, the underoxidation at the Fe/MgO interface keeps the interfacial PMA but reduces the interfacial anisotropy constant (K

i
). The overoxidization and oxygen migration at the interface both reduce the K

i
and even switch the easy magnetization axis from the out-of-plane to in-plane direction at high oxygen percentage. In all the cases, the K

i
was found strongly correlated to the difference of the orbital magnetic moment along the in-plane and out-of-plane direction. Calculated layer-resolved and orbital-resolved K

i
revealed that the orbital coupling between the d

xy
and

d

x

2

−

y

2

states of the interfacial Fe layer plays a key role in determining the interfacial magnetic anisotropy. This work provides deep insights into the oxidation effects on the interfacial magnetic anisotropy of Fe/MgO system and a possible avenue to tune the K

i
via interfacial engineering.
A hybrid FBG-based load and vibration transducer with a 3D fused deposition modelling approach
Authors: Xu Dong-Sheng , Su Zi-Qiang , Lalit Borana , Qin Yue 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A fibre Bragg grating (FBG)-based load and vibration transducer (FLVT) was developed using a 3D fused deposition modelling (FDM) approach. A newly FLVT was designed by the equal-strength cantilever beam in which the FBG sensors were embedded in the beam during the FDM process. The temperature effect was eliminated by the temperature sensor in the vibration sensing unit. The parameters of the proposed FLVT was examined by the finite element method. The simulated results were matched well with the theoretical analysis results and laboratory calibration results. The proposed transducer has the pressure measurement sensitivity of 0.01274 nm kPa−1 for the earth pressure below 150 kPa. In addition, the proposed transducer could accurately measure low-frequency vibration signals with maximum frequency of 4 Hz and the maximum displacement amplitude of 4 mm with sensitivity of 117.6 pm g−1. The measurement accuracy and stability were carried out. Results shown that the maximum relative errors between the calculation results and the experimental results was 1.3%. The effect of vibration direction was also analysed for the proposed FLVT. The results indicated that the transversal vibration has less influence on the longitudinal vibration. The outcome of this study indicated that the proposed FLVT provide a newly approach for the measurement of earth pressure and soil vibration in one transducer which is quit suit for soil mass.
A solution-processed octahedral nano-blocks structure CaIn2S4 film for UV/vis photodetection
Authors: Rong Ping , Liu Yi , Gao Shiyong , Lu Huiqing , Ren Shuai , Li Lin , Ma Xinzhi , Zhou Qicheng , Chen Junpei , Wang Jinzhong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A novel CaIn2S4 with three-dimensional octahedral nano-blocks (ONBs) are successfully synthesized on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate by a simple hydrothermal method. The CaIn2S4 ONBs are uniform grown and scattered on the whole FTO substrate with high regular and symmetric morphology as well as average diagonal length of about 600 nm. Based on the as-synthesized CaIn2S4 ONBs, a photodetector (PD) is fabricated. Satisfyingly, it is found that the CaIn2S4 ONBs PD achieves a broad-band response ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to visible ( vis) light at zero bias voltage. It is also significant that the CaIn2S4 ONBs PD enables a fast response, in which the rise time and decay time are less than 0.15 and 0.2 s, respectively. Furthermore, the morphological evolution of the CaIn2S4 ONBs and plausible UV/vis detection mechanism of the CaIn2S4 ONBs PD are discussed.
Surface nanostructuring of alkali-aluminosilicate Gorilla display glass substrates using a maskless process
Authors: Cao Rongtao , Zhou Ziyu , Haghanifar Sajad , Wu Jingyu , Li Ming-Jun , Tan Susheng , Leu Paul W , Chen Kevin P 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper reports on the formation of moth-eye nanopillar structures on surfaces of alkali-aluminosilicate Gorilla glass substrates using a self-masking plasma etching method. Surface and cross-section chemical compositions studies were carried out to study the formation of the nanostructures. CF
x
induced polymers were shown to be the self-masking material during plasma etching. The nanostructures enhance transmission at wavelengths over 525 nm may be utilized for fluid-induced switchable haze. Additional functionalities associated with nanostructures may be realized such as self-cleaning, anti-fogging, and stain-resistance.
The effect of layer number on the gas permeation through nanopores within few-layer graphene
Authors: Cui Chuan-Xin , Jiang Jin-Wu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Few-layer graphene has been widely regarded as an efficient filter for gas separation, but the effect of the layer number on the gas permeation process is still unclear. To explore the layer number effect, we perform molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the gas permeation through a nanopore within the few-layer graphene. Our numerical simulations show that the permeation constant decreases with increasing layer number, which is analyzed based on the macroscopic Kennard empirical model. The macroscopic model is in good agreement with the numerical result in the limit of large layer number, but there are obvious deviations for the medium layer number. We generalize the macroscopic model by considering the nanoscale effect from the surface morphology of the nanoscale pore, which can well describe the layer number dependence for the gas permeation constant in the full range. These results provide valuable information for the application of few-layer graphene in the gas permeation field.
N-doped graphene encapsulated MoS2 nanosphere composite as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Yating , Zhang Zhanrui , Zhu Youyu , Zhang Yongling , Yang Mengnan , Li Siyi , Suo Ke , Li Keke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
MoS2 is widely used in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high capacity (670 mAh g−1) and unique two-dimensional structure. However, the further application was limited of MoS2 as anode materials suffer from its volume expansion and low conductivity. In this work, N-doped graphene encapsulated MoS2 nanosphere composite (MoS2@NG) were prepared and its unique sandwich structure containing abundant mesopores and defects can efficiently enhance reaction kinetics. The MoS2@NG electrode shows a reversible capacity of 975.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 100 cycles, and a reversible capacity of 325.2 mAh g−1 is still maintained after 300 cycles at 5 A g−1. In addition, the MoS2@NG electrode exhibites an excellent rate performance benefiting from the electrochemical properties dominated by capacitive behavior. This suggests that MoS2@NG composite can be used as potential anode materials for LIBs
Effect of dataset size, image quality, and image type on deep learning-based automatic prostate segmentation in 3D ultrasound
Authors: Orlando Nathan , Gyacskov Igor , Gillies Derek J , Guo Fumin , Romagnoli Cesare , D’Souza David , Cool Derek W , Hoover Douglas A , Fenster Aaron 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is utilized in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment, necessitating time-consuming manual prostate segmentation. We have previously developed an automatic 3D prostate segmentation algorithm involving deep learning prediction on radially sampled 2D images followed by 3D reconstruction, trained on a large, clinically diverse dataset with variable image quality. As large clinical datasets are rare, widespread adoption of automatic segmentation could be facilitated with efficient 2D-based approaches and the development of an image quality grading method. The complete training dataset of 6761 2D images, resliced from 206 3D TRUS volumes acquired using end-fire and side-fire acquisition methods, was split to train two separate networks using either end-fire or side-fire images. Split datasets were reduced to 1000, 500, 250, and 100 2D images. For deep learning prediction, modified U-Net and U-Net++ architectures were implemented and compared using an unseen test dataset of 40 3D TRUS volumes. A 3D TRUS image quality grading scale with three factors (acquisition quality, artifact severity, and boundary visibility) was developed to assess the impact on segmentation performance. For the complete training dataset, U-Net and U-Net++ networks demonstrated equivalent performance, but when trained using split end-fire/side-fire datasets, U-Net++ significantly outperformed the U-Net. Compared to the complete training datasets, U-Net++ trained using reduced-size end-fire and side-fire datasets demonstrated equivalent performance down to 500 training images. For this dataset, image quality had no impact on segmentation performance for end-fire images but did have a significant effect for side-fire images, with boundary visibility having the largest impact. Our algorithm provided fast (<1.5 s) and accurate 3D segmentations across clinically diverse images, demonstrating generalizability and efficiency when employed on smaller datasets, supporting the potential for widespread use, even when data is scarce. The development of an image quality grading scale provides a quantitative tool for assessing segmentation performance.
Determination of beam quality correction factors for the Roos plane-parallel ionisation chamber exposed to very high energy electron (VHEE) beams using Geant4
Authors: McManus M , Romano F , Royle G , Botnariuc D , Shipley D , Palmans H , Subiel A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Detailed characterisation of the Roos secondary standard plane-parallel ionisation chamber has been conducted in a novel 200 MeV Very High Energy Electron (VHEE) beam with reference to the standard 12 MeV electron calibration beam used in our experimental work. Stopping-power-ratios and perturbation factors have been determined for both beams and used to calculated the beam quality correction factor using the Geant4 general purpose MC code. These factors have been calculated for a variety of charged particle transport parameters available in Geant4 which were found to pass the Fano cavity test. Stopping-power-ratios for the 12 MeV electron calibration beam quality were found to agree within uncertainties to that quoted by current dosimetry protocols. Perturbation factors were found to vary by up-to 4% for the calibration beam depending on the parameter configuration, compared with only 0.8% for the VHEE beam. Beam quality correction factors were found to describe an approximately 10% lower dose than would be originally calculated if a beam quality correction were not accounted for. Moreover, results presented here largely resolve unphysical chamber measurements, such as collection efficiencies greater than 100%, and assist in the accurate determination of absorbed dose and ion recombination in secondary standard ionisation chambers.
Developing solid-surface plasma facing components for pilot plants and reactors with replenishable wall claddings and continuous surface conditioning. Part A: concepts and questions
Authors: Stangeby P C , Unterberg E A , Davis J W , Abrams T , Bortolon A , Bykov I , Donovan D , Guo H Y , Kolasinski R , Leonard A W , Nichols J H , Rudakov D L , Sinclair G , Thomas D M , Watkins J G 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
It is estimated that pilot plants and reactors may experience rates of net erosion and deposition of solid plasma facing component (PFC) material of 103–105 kg yr−1. Even if the net erosion (wear) problem can be solved, the redeposition of so much material has the potential for major interference with operation, including disruptions due to so-called ‘unidentified flying objects (UFOs)’ and unsafe dust levels. The potential implications appear to be no less serious than for plasma contact with the divertor target: a dust explosion or a major UFO-disruption could be as damaging for an actively-cooled deuterium-tritium (DT) tokamak as target failure. It will therefore be necessary to manage material deposits to prevent their fouling operation. This situation appears to require a fundamental paradigm shift with regard to meeting the challenge of taming the plasma–material interface: it appears that any acceptable solid PFC material will in effect be flow-through, like liquid–metal PFCs, although at far lower mass flow rates. Solid PFC material will have to be treated as a consumable, like brake pads in cars. ITER will use high-Z (tungsten) armor on the divertor targets and low-Z (beryllium) on the main walls. The ARIES-AT reactor design calls for a similar arrangement, but with SiC cladding on the main walls. Non-metallic low-Z refractory materials such as ceramics (graphite, SiC, etc) used as in situ replenishable, relatively thin—of order mm—claddings on a substrate which is resistant to neutron damage could provide a potential solution for the main walls, while reducing the risk of degrading the confined plasma. Separately, wall conditioning has proven essential for achieving high performance. For DT devices, however, standard methods appear to be unworkable, but recently powder droppers injecting low-Z material ∼continuously into discharges have been quite effective and may be usable in DT devices as well. The resulting massive generation of low-Z debris, however, has the same potential to seriously disrupt operation as noted above. Powder droppers provide a unique opportunity to carry out controlled studies on the management of low-Z slag in all current tokamaks, independent of whether their protection tiles use low-Z or high-Z material.
Superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates
Authors: Nomura Yusuke , Arita Ryotaro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The recent discovery of the superconductivity in the doped infinite layer nickelates RNiO2 (R = La, Pr, Nd) is of great interest since the nickelates are isostructural to doped (Ca, Sr)CuO2 having superconducting transition temperature (T
c) of about 110 K. Verifying the commonalities and differences between these oxides will certainly give a new insight into the mechanism of high T
c superconductivity in correlated electron systems. In this paper, we review experimental and theoretical works on this new superconductor and discuss the future perspectives for the ‘nickel age’ of superconductivity.
Boost of orthorhombic population with amorphous SiO2 interfacial layer—a DFT study
Authors: Chen Yun-Wen , Liu C W 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Via the density functional theory, the phase diagrams of HZO thin film in MFM (M = TiN, F = HZO) and MFI (I = α-SiO2) structures are constructed with dependences on grain size and temperature. In both MFM and MFI, the region for orthorhombic phase (o-phase) in phase diagram grows when HZO thickness gets thinner. Comparing to MFM, HZO/α-SiO2 interface in MFI suppresses the growth of tetragonal phase (t-phase) to the region of very small grain size ∼1.2 nm. The simulation results agree with the experimental observation by Cheema et al, that the enhanced FE property was obtained in a MFIS (S = silicon) device with ultrathin HZO film (<2 nm). Simulation model indicates more chemical bonds forming between HZO and α-SiO2 interface could stabilize o-phase to greatly enhance the FE property in a MFIS device.
Nonlinear Fourier transform assisted high-order soliton characterization
Authors: Wang Yutian , Chen Fanglin , Fu Songnian , Kong Jian , Komarov Andrey , Klimczak Mariusz , BuczyČski Ryszard , Tang Xiahui , Tang Ming , Zhao Luming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT), based on the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, is implemented for the description of soliton propagation, and in particular focused on propagation of high-order solitons. In nonlinear frequency domain, a high-order soliton has multiple eigenvalues depending on the soliton amplitude and pulse-width. During the propagation along the standard single mode fiber (SSMF), their eigenvalues remain constant, while the corresponding discrete spectrum rotates along with the SSMF transmission. Consequently, we can distinguish the soliton order based on its eigenvalues. Meanwhile, the discrete spectrum rotation period is consistent with the temporal evolution period of the high-order solitons. The discrete spectrum contains nearly 99.99% energy of a soliton pulse. After inverse-NFT on discrete spectrum, soliton pulse can be reconstructed, illustrating that the eigenvalues can be used to characterize soliton pulse with good accuracy. This work shows that soliton characteristics can be well described in the nonlinear frequency domain. Moreover, as a significant supplement to the existing means of characterizing soliton pulses, NFT is expected to be another fundamental optical processing method besides an oscilloscope (measuring pulse time domain information) and a spectrometer (measuring pulse frequency domain information).
Multi-clad optical fiber design for ultra-wideband modulation instability
Authors: Madani Seyed Ahmad , Bahrami Manouchehr , Rostami Ali 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Developments of electro-optic (EO) modulators do not have a satisfactory pace and bandwidth restrictions are still limited to several hundred GHz, thus, obtaining methods that enable using broadband optical channels are key factors in high-speed optical communications. In this paper, Modulation Instability (MI) as an approach in order to improve the performance of EO modulators, is investigated in the anomalous and zero-dispersion regimes of proposed optical fiber. In present conventional optical fibers, MI is observed over a few hundred gigahertz bandwidths at low pump power. In order to obtain ultra-wideband (a few Terahertz) bandwidths and maximum gain in the MI process at low pump power, a new structure for optical fiber is proposed. The genetic algorithm is utilized for performance optimization in optical fiber design. It is shown that the proposed optical fiber is able to support MI for a few Terahertz bands at low pump power (100 mW). Furthermore, in this analysis, it is demonstrated that higher-order dispersion terms have a strong impact on modulation instability. Finally, it is concluded that the geometrical and optical parameters of optical fiber are key factors to control modulation instability parameters (gain and bandwidth). The proposed optical fiber can be used as an optical booster in order to compensate frequency response of EO modulators, which is a considerable step forward in high-speed optical communication.
Mitigating the impact of fiber assignment on the measurement of galaxy-lensing cross correlation
Authors: Makiya Ryu , Sunayama Tomomi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We examine the impact of fiber assignment on the measurement
of galaxy clustering and its cross correlation with weak lensing
fields. Unlike the past spectroscopic galaxy surveys such as Baryon
Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), currently ongoing
spectroscopic galaxy surveys such as Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS)
and Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) suffer from the
fiber assignment artifacts more severely because there are more
target galaxies than available fibers. The previous studies found
that the fiber assignment suppresses the amplitude of the galaxy
power spectrum at all scales. We newly find that the fiber
assignment introduces the artificial correlation of structure at
different redshifts, which suppresses the amplitude of the
galaxy-lensing cross power spectrum. We show that the fiber
assignment effects on the cross power spectrum can be mitigated at
all scales with accuracy better than ∼ 1%, by up-weighting
observed galaxies with the probability to be observed. This is not
the case for the galaxy power spectrum, which is not fully corrected
at k ≳ 0.2 [h/Mpc]. We find that the galaxy-lensing cross
power spectrum is not affected by the pairwise probability of
galaxies to be observed, and thus the correction method based on the
individual probability is sufficient at all scales.