bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basilar invagination without atlantoaxial dislocation: treatment by correction of clivus canal angle with interfacet distraction and fixation
Authors: Hou Zhe , Fan Tao , Fan Wayne , Jian Qiang , Wang Yinqian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Reports on the surgical technique used and clinical outcomes obtained during the treatment of basilar invagination (BI) without atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) through the correction of the clivus canal angle (CCA) using interfacet distraction and fixation.
Methods
Nineteen cases with BI without AAD treated by the correction of the clivus canal angle were retrospectively analyzed. Pre- and postoperative computed tomography scans and three-dimensional reconstruction views were obtained to measure the size of the CCA, pB-C2 distance, and degree of BI. Chiari malformation and syringomyelia were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The clinical outcomes for all patients were measured using the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scale. The CCA was corrected by using interfacet distraction and fixation techniques. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and postoperative measurements.
Results
All the patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months; no patient suffered intraoperative nerve or vascular injury. Clinical symptoms improved in 17 patients (89.5%). The mean JOA score increased from 12.32 ± 1.89 to 14.37 ± 1.30 (Z = -3.655, P < 0.001). The mean CCA improved from 129.34 ± 8.52° preoperatively to 139.75 ± 8.86° postoperatively (Z = -3.824, P < 0.001). The mean pB-C2 decreased from 7.47 ± 2.21 to 5.68 ± 3.13 (Z = -3.060, P = 0.002). Syringomyelia was significantly reduced in 10 out of 13 patients by the first follow-up year. All patients achieved bony fusion.
Conclusions
Posterior interfacet distraction and fixation to correct the CCA is a feasible and effective method for treating BI without AAD.
Impact of biochar soil amendment on alleviation of single and combined effect of drought and salt stresses on vicia faba seedlings planted in alkaline soil
Authors: Rajhi Imene , Baccouri Bechir , Frchichi Nouha , Damegi Bilel , Zribi Fethia , Hammami Jamila , bassi Leila El , Mhadhbi Haythem 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of biochar (0, 2, 5, and 8% designed by C, B2, B5, and B8, respectively) on the single and interactive effects of salinity and drought treatments on the growth of vicia faba plants in alkaline soil. 21 morphological, physiological, and photosynthetic parameters were evaluated. The amendment of biochar, carbon-rich material developed from combustion of biomass under no or limited oxygen supply, in alkaline soil under salinity stress performed positive effects on internal concentration of CO2(+ 96.16% at B8), transpiration rate (+ 83.79% at B5), stomatal conductance (+ 30% at B2), and net CO2assimilation (+ 37.84% at B2). Under drought stress, the addition of biochar had no effect on internal concentration of CO2and the water use efficiency. Under combined conditions, the maximum increase (+ 40%) of internal concentration of CO2was registered at B5. Also, addition of 2% of biochar (B2) can increase the transpiration rate to + 116%. Biochar was alleviating the effect of combined stress on vicia faba leaves by ameliorating the stomatal conductance to + 58.73% at B2. We, also, noticed that net CO2assimilation rate increase with the increase of biochar concentration. On the other hand, biochar addition did not have effect on lengths of shoot, roots, and total plants and fresh biomass, spad value, and leaf number. However, the amendment of biochar has slightly ameliorated the electrolyte leakage, protein content, and foliar surface. The pH and the EC of initial and final treatment were also evaluated. The statistical analysis demonstrates that addition of 2% (B2) of biochar can significantly mitigate the negative effect of single effect of salinity and combined salinity drought in alkaline soil. On the other hand, the addition of 5% (B5) of biochar can alleviate the individual effect of drought compared to their respective controls. This result confirms the positive effect of biochar addition in alkaline soils. Thus, a better understanding of biochar addition on physiological basis for faba bean growth under drought and salinity stress in alkaline soil will be beneficial for sustainable agriculture.
Surgical waste generated in phacoemulsification versus manual small-incision cataract surgery
Authors: Zhu Catherine Q. , LaMattina Kara C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the surgical waste generated by two different cataract surgery techniques, phacoemulsification versus manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS).Methods: The amount of disposable waste was assessed by weighing the plastic and glass items used during a single uncomplicated cataract surgery for two cataract surgery techniques, phacoemulsification and manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS), including the packaging for each item.Results: We found that in a typical phacoemulsification case, the weight of the single-use disposable waste totaled 252.4 g, compared to a typical MSICS case, which totaled 125.5 g. Materials that are used in both procedures (e.g. drapes and prep materials, balanced saline solution, viscoelastic, lens, etc.) were considered “neutral” and not individually weighed.Conclusions: The waste generated by a standard phacoemulsification cataract surgery is roughly twice that of that generated by MSICS, revealing a striking difference between the two techniques. A major contributor is the cartridges, wiring, and tubing required for phacoemulsification and irrigation/aspiration. In addition to producing more waste, particularly plastic waste, phacoemulsification also generates more energy via the phacoemulsification machine. These data suggest that MSICS may be a more environmentally sustainable technique for cataract surgery. More research is needed to better describe the carbon footprint of various ophthalmic practices, particularly pertaining to cataract surgery.
A quick electromagnetic performance analysis method for permanent magnet claw pole machine based on combined analytical and equvialent magnetic circuit method
Authors: Liu Chengcheng , Chao Zheng , Wang Shaopeng , Wang Youhua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
As permanent magnet claw pole machine (PMCPM) is designed with complex 3D magnetic structure, the 3D finite element method (FEM) is commonly used for its accurate performance analysis. However, using 3D FEM will consume very long time in the initial design stage. Its analysis time can be saved greatly by using the analytical method (AM) or equivalent magnetic circuit method (MCM), however the obtained performance is not accurate and some performance even can’t be obtained if only one of these methods is used. To overcome above constraints, this paper proposes a calculation method that combined analytical and equivalent magnetic circuit method (AMCM) to calculate the main electromagnetic performance of PMCPM quickly. Its calculated results are verified by corresponding results that obtained by using the 3D FEM. It can be seen that the proposed AMCM is effective for calculating the main electromagnetic performance and designing of PMCPM.
Computation and Analysis of Price of Anarchy for Selfish Node Detection and efficient Resource Allocation for Dynamic Communication Network using Game theory
Authors: Kanmani S , Murali M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
With the advent of novel technologies, the coverage of communication networks and the number of participating nodes have increased drastically. Due to the dynamic and decentralized nature of the system, some nodes tend to be uncooperative with other nodes within the network. The uncooperative nodes (selfish nodes) use the facilities of the cooperative nodes to raise their interest, which leads to security threats, path delay, congestion and a suboptimal use of resources. To curtail this issue and enhance the performance of the system, there is need to identify potentially selfish nodes. This paper proposes a combination of Nash equilibrium based game theory with Price of Anarchy (PoA) for detection of selfish nodes in a network. Also, a least response dynamic based Capacitated Selfish Resource Allocation (CSRA) game is proposed to enhance resource usage among participating nodes. The simulation was carried out using the SolarWinds simulator and an evaluation of the results demonstrates that the proposed approach promises outputs in terms of throughput, delay and delivery ratio in comparison to the state-of-the-art detection and allocation techniques.
Impact of surgical margin width on prognosis and recurrence in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Doi Shunsuke , Yasuda Satoshi , Hokuto Daisuke , Kamitani Naoki , Matsuo Yasuko , Nakagawa Kenji , Nishiwada Satoshi , Nagai Minako , Terai Taichi , Kohara Yuichiro , Sho Masayuki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The impact of the surgical margin (SM) on long-term survival remains controversial. This study retrospectively investigated the impact of the SM on prognosis and recurrence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and evaluated the optimal margin width.
Methods
We reviewed the medical records of 58 ICC patients who underwent macroscopically curative surgery.
Results
The patients were classified into five categories according to the SM; R1, 0 to < 1 mm, 1 to < 5 mm, 5 to < 10 mm, and ≥ 10 mm. The prognosis tended to be different for SM < 1 mm or SM ≥ 1 mm, therefore, the cut-off value was set at 1 mm. Thirty-three (56.9%) patients had an SM ≥ 1 mm, and 25 (43.1%) had an SM < 1 mm. The multivariate analysis identified SM < 1 mm (p = 0.027) and microvascular invasion (p = 0.026) as independent prognostic factors of overall survival. After the propensity score-matching based on tumor-related factors, the overall survival and relapse-free survival rates of the SM < 1 mm group were significantly lower than those of the SM ≥ 1 mm group (p = 0.013 and p = 0.025, respectively). Peritoneal dissemination was significantly increased in the SM < 1 mm group than in the SM ≥ 1 mm group (p = 0.007). The post-recurrence survival rate of the SM < 1 mm group was significantly lower than that of the SM ≥ 1 mm group (p = 0.012).
Conclusions
This study suggests that an SM of at least 1 mm should be achieved during ICC resection. An SM < 1 mm may indicate a higher risk of peritoneal dissemination.
137Cs distribution on the territory of Romania 30 years after Chernobyl accident
Authors: Blebea-Apostu Ana-Maria , Margineanu Romul Mircea , Duliu Octavian G. , Persa Diana , Gomoiu Claudia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

To estimate the contribution of Chernobyl 137Cs contamination, in 1993 and especially 2016, its total inventory was determinate by gamma-ray high resolution spectroscopy in 62 and respectively 747 soil samples covering entire Romanian territory. This permitted to estimate the 1993 and 2016 total 137Cs inventory to 43 ± 2 TBq and respectively to 14.1 ± 0.7 Tbq, the last one reduced by factor of 3 ± 0.3. This value, about twice higher than natural disintegration suggests a significant amount of 137Cs being washed out by precipitation and, in a lower measure, incorporated into plants. At the same time, by evaluating the maximum contribution of 137Cs to the population exposure, in 1993 and especially in 2016, the supplementary annual effective dose did not exceed, the maximum accepted value 1 mSv.
Temporal stability of soil moisture in a fixed dune of the Horqin Sand Land in northern China
Authors: Yao Shuxia , Zhao Chuancheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Soil moisture (SM) is a key factor that determines the stability and functioning of desert ecological systems, with SM exhibiting strong stability over time (TS). To obtain greater insights into the SM TS of the Horqin Sand Land, SM was measured in a fixed dune (FD) over a depth profile of 0–1 m and on 14 occasions between May and July 2021. These data were combined with soil property and precipitation measurements to assess the SM TS and determine the optimal locations that could represent the mean SM of the area. Results indicated that (1) the mean SM of FD varied from 1.98–6.73%, with minimal spatial variation (mean standard deviation (STD) < 3%; mean coefficient of variation (CV) ranging between 42% and 56%). (2) SM continually decreased over time until considerable precipitation occurred. Temporal dynamics decreased with increasing soil depth. Further, only larger precipitation events (> 20 mm) led to significant SM increases. In deeper soil layers (> 60 cm), the SM response exhibited a lag. (3) The relationship between STD and mean SM indicated that SM becomes more variable under wetter conditions, such that SM increases were associated with CV increases in this region. (4) The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (RS) values between different sampling dates indicated that most of the relationships were significant (p < 0.05), especially for soils in the 60–100 cm layer. (5) The mean values of mean relative differences (MRD) were smaller for soils < 40 cm and the mean corresponding standard deviation of MRD (SDRD) values were smaller for soils < 60 cm, indicating that SM tended to be more stable in deeper soil layers. (6) Linear regression analyses between the estimated means obtained from the identified locations and the actual field means led to the identification of the best representative SM locations for the 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm layers at locations 8, 16, 8, 11, and 6, respectively. (7) The accumulated temporal stability index (ITS) of SM for different soil layers suggested that the 12th location (with a minimum ITS value) was the most representative location to approximate the mean SM of different soil layers in the FD. However, linear regression analyses of the SM between the actual field mean and that of the 12th representative location revealed a satisfactory fit only for soil layers above 40 cm.
Multifunctional nanoparticles as enhanced rheumatoid arthritis theranostic agent via sequential activated macrophages targeting and responsive dexamethasone release
Authors: Wang Pengchong , Zhang Ying , Dong Kai , Lei Hengyu , Zhou Qinyuan , Yu Jie , Shi Xianpeng , Zhu Yaning , Zhang Peng , Xing Jianfeng , Dong Yalin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Dexamethasone (DEX) is widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however serious side effects will be generated after long-term use of it. In this study, a nanotheranostic agent (HCPC/DEX NPs) was designed to improve the therapeutic effect of RA. HCPC/DEX NPs can responsively release drug in the presence of H2O2 and acidic condition, and can prevent drug from excessively leaking in neutral environment. Under the action of hyaluronic acid, HCPC NPs can be selectively taken up by activated macrophages and then release drug in cells. After intravenous administration, HCPC/DEX NPs can be accumulated in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rat joints, and showed better RA treatment effect compared with DEX. HCPC/DEX NPs can effectively alleviate paw swelling, repaire cartilage injury, and reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines secretion in AA rats. And HCPC/DEX NPs caused no side effects on main organs of normal rats. Our research indicated that HCPC/DEX NPs is an effective and safe RA theranostic agent and has potential application prospects in enhanced RA treatment.
Biocompatible and Breathable Healthcare Electronics with Sensing Performances and Photothermal Antibacterial Effect for Sport Rehabilitation
Authors: Xuan Shouhu , Wang Xinyi , Tao Yan , Pan Shaoshan , Fang Xue , Lou Congcong , Xu Yunqi , Wu Jianpeng , Sang Min , Lu Liang , Gong Xinglong , Luo Tianzhi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
With the booming development of smart wearable devices, flexible multifunctional composites with high sensitivity and well health therapy have evoked great interest for next-generation healthcare electronics. However, the weak biocompatibility, low breathability, and narrow sensing range greatly hinder the development of healthcare sensors. Herein, a porous, flexible and conductive MXene/Polydimethylsiloxane/Polydopamine/Polyurethane Sponge (MXene/PDMS/PDA/PU) nanocomposite is developed as a promising sport rehabilitation device with good flexibility, breathability, sensing performance, photothermal therapy and antibacterial activity. Benefiting from the porous structure and biocompatible surface, this multifunctional sensor is further fabricated into a sports rehabilitation medical system for monitoring human body motion and performing hot therapy/antibacterial treatment in the application of sports injury site. Moreover, both the wireless smart insole and cushion are constructed to gait monitoring and sit position detecting. This multifunctional hybrid sponge not only demonstrates great potential for motion monitoring sensors but also exhibits wide potential in wearable medical assistive and therapeutic systems.
A proof-of-concept study for the use of a computerised avatar to embody the eating disorder voice in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Cardi Valentina , Ward Thomas , Aya Viviana , Calissano Chiara , Thompson Alistair , Treasure Janet 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study assessed (1) the experience of the eating disorder voice in people with anorexia nervosa or recovered from the illness, and (2) the feasibility of creating and interacting with a computerised representation (i.e., avatar) of this voice.Methods: Twenty-one individuals with anorexia nervosa and 18 individuals who had recovered from the illness participated in the study. They reported on the characteristics of their eating disorder voice and created a personalised avatar (a visual and auditory representation of the eating disorder voice), using a computerised software. Participants assessed closeness of match between the voice and the avatar, perceived distress and acceptability of re-exposure to the avatar. Results: Patients felt less powerful than their eating disorder voice and unable to disregard its commands. The experience of the voice was associated with negative, as well as some positive emotions, reflecting the prototypical ambivalence towards the illness. Recovered individuals had an opposite pattern of responses. They attributed only negative emotions to the voice, felt more powerful than the voice, and able to disregard its commands. Overall participants reported that there was a good match between the voice and the sound of the avatar. Patients expressed willingness to repeat exposure to the avatar.Conclusion: Individuals with anorexia can create personalised digital avatars representing the eating disorder voice and are willing to engage therapeutically with this avatar. The next step is to test the feasibility of repeated exposure to the avatar to address the power and distress associated with the eating disorder voice.Level of evidence: Level III
WITHDRAWN: Study of the Flow Characteristics Due to the Effect of Offsetting in Platoon of Sport Utility Vehicles
Authors: Borse Sachin L. , Alshqirate AbedAlrzaq , Shende M. D. , Ghafoor Dastan Zrar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

In this article, CFD analysis carried out to study the flow Characteristics due to the effect of offsetting in platoon of Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs) using OpenFOAM software. Platoon of three bodies of SUV in tandem are considered. Effect of spacing of SUV platoon on drag coefficient assessed. CFD analysis of full scale SUV performed at speed of 80 km/hr for vehicle spacing from 0.25 to 2 times length of SUV It is observed that average drag coefficient of platoon is lower than that of standalone single SUV for range of spacing considered by 24%. Thus effect of platooning results in fuel saving. Also effect of offset of middle car in platoon by 10%, 20% and 30% assessed on average drag coefficient of platoon. Offset of middle car in platoon results in increased platoon average drag coefficient to extend of 6.61% as compared to inline platoon. Thus in platooning it is better to maintain SUV straight-line to get full benefit of platooning.
Variations of the Spontaneous Electrical Activities of the Neuronal Networks Imposed by the Exposure of Electromagnetic Radiations Using Computational Map-based Modeling
Authors: Rad Mohsen Kamelian , Hamedani Meysam Hedayati , Khodabakhshi Mohammad Bagher 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The interaction between neurons in a neuronal network develops spontaneous electrical activities. But the effects of electromagnetic radiation on these activities have not yet been well explored. In this study, a ring of three coupled 1-dimensional Rulkov neurons is considered and then exposed to an electromagnetic field (EMF) to investigate how its spontaneous activities might change regarding the EMF exposure. By employing the bifurcation analysis and time series, a comprehensive view of neuronal behavioral changes due to electromagnetic radiations is provided. It is demonstrated that exposure to these EMFs may inhibit chaotic neuronal behaviors when the neuronal network is supposed to develop a chaotic behavior spontaneously. In fact, EMFs completely eliminated the chaotic intrinsic behaviors of the neuronal loop. On the other hand, due to this exposure, the development of chaotic regimes is seen when the network is supposed to show regular spiking behaviors. Furthermore, it is observed that with weaker synaptic couplings, electromagnetic radiation inhibits and suppresses neuronal activities. On the whole, electromagnetic radiation may change the pattern of the spontaneous activities of neuronal networks in the brain according to synaptic strengths and initial states of the neurons.
A nested case-control study of untargeted albumin adductomics and acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Rahman Mohammad , Bassig Bryan , Grigoryan Hasmik , Hu Wei , Hosgood H. Dean , Huang Wen-Yi , Wong Jason , Strickland Paul , Rappapport Stephen , Lan Qing , Rothman Nathaniel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Environmental exposures often produce reactive electrophiles in vivo, leading to oxidative stress, which plays a major role in carcinogenesis. These electrophiles frequently form adducts with human albumin, which can be measured to assess in vivo oxidative stress. Here, we aimed to examine the associations of albumin adducts with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common adult myeloid leukemia with consistent associations with environmental exposures. We conducted a case-control study of 52 incident AML cases and 103 controls matched on age, sex, and race nested on two prospective cohorts: the CLUE and PLCO studies. We measured 42 untargeted albumin adducts in pre-diagnostic samples using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Circulatory albumin adducts were associated with AML in conditional logistic regression models. For instance, higher levels of Cys34 disulfide adduct of the S-γ-glutamylcysteine, a precursor of an essential antioxidant, glutathione were associated with a lower risk of AML (odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd tertiles were 1.0, 0.65(0.31–1.36); and 0.31(0.12–0.80), respectively (p-trend = 0.01). These associations were largely driven by effects present among cases diagnosed ≥ median follow-up year of 5.5 years. Our results support the idea that oxidative stress may play a role in the etiology of AML.